gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supercritical water oxidation research and development update (1995)

Abstract Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a form of hydrothermal treatment. During the early research and development (R&D) period (early 1980s), it has been demonstrated that SCWO can be an effective alternative to the destruction of hazardous organic wastewaters and sludges. Because of this promising potential and growing interest in SCWO technology, R&D efforts have been intensified. As a result, the first SCWO commercial facility (1100 Liter/hour) developed by Eco Waste Technologies was commissioned in August 1994. Also, a number of demonstration SCWO facilities exist in various companies, national laboratories, and federal agencies. This recent development has shown that the SCWO process produces environmentally acceptable effluents (gas, liquid and solid), lends itself to resource recovery, and can be economically competitive. As such, the process can be used to serve as a pretreatment unit, an end‐of‐pipe facility or become an integral part of an industrial process. More recently, the SCWO&D program has been expanded. The research activities now include more detailed studies involving reaction kinetics, catalysis, salt solubility, corrosion, heavy metal speciation, solids separation, and resource/by‐product recovery. Technology development involves process and reactor design, materials evaluation, heat recovery, control systems, effluent handling, ash disposal, safety requirements, and process integration.
Experimental demonstration of single-shot phase imaging with a coded aperture (2015)

We experimentally demonstrated single-shot phase imaging with a coded aperture (SPICA), which connects digital holography and coherent diffractive imaging based on compressive sensing to realize the advantages of both methods simultaneously. SPICA allows the observation of a complex field with a simple, single-shot optical setup that does not need reference light and does not suffer from losses associated with the field-of-view and spatial resolution. Experiments showed the promising capabilities of SPICA for single-shot holographic imaging.
A framework for analysing long‐range direct shipping logistics (2005)

Purpose To present a decision support system (DSS) enabling the analysis of the cost‐effectiveness of direct‐shipping long‐haul road transport policies, including full truck load (FTL) and less than truck load (LTL) modes, and to select the optimal carrier. Design/methodology/approach Analytical estimation of transportation costs is provided in a framework including an interactive computer procedure and a dedicated database structure capable of characterizing the logistics system. Findings Main criticalities of manual logistic planning are: sub‐optimal selection of carrier and excessive use of LTL transport, while the optimal FTL vs LTL trade‐off is not fully explored in practice. Research limitations/implications This is an analysis tool of user‐defined scenarios and does not provide the automatic synthesis of shipments planning. Admittedly, this model does not attempt to optimize the shipping strategy, but to quantitatively assess the effects of the adopted decisions. Practical implications Alternative shipping policies can be compared to perform what‐if analyses and explore the outcome of alternative decisions (FTL vs LTL shipping modes) even in terms of transportation expenditures. Allows rapid selection of the optimal motor carrier and assesses the extra cost due to a sub‐optimal choice. Gives the experienced manager a framework for critical assessment of shipping decisions, suggesting improvement areas for cost reduction. Originality/value With respect to other software tools for carrier selection provides explicit analysis of extra costs incurred by manual planning, thus becoming a strategic tool for logistic decision making. Furthermore, enables managerial insights to be gained and makes manual planning more effective.
High-temperature operation of an electroluminescent device fabricated using a novel triphenylamine derivative (1996)

We have fabricated thermally stable organic electroluminescent (EL) devices using a hole transporting material, a tetramer of triphenylamine, and a typical emitting material, tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (Alq). The organic EL devices show uniform light emission in a continuous operation up to 140 °C without breakdown. A lowering of turn-on voltage for light emission and an increase of luminous efficiency with increasing temperature are found; the significantly low turn-on voltage of 2.1 V and the high luminous efficiency of 1.25 lm/W are obtained at 130 °C. Excellent durability of continuous operation is also achieved at the high temperature.
Autoimmunity to cytoskeletal protein tropomyosin. A clue to the pathogenetic mechanism for ulcerative colitis (1993)

Autoimmunity has been emphasized in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and various anticolon antibodies have been described. Nevertheless, the nature of the autoantigens has been elusive. Using ulcerative colitis colon-eluted IgG antibody, we earlier detected an M(r) 40,000 protein, P40, in colon extract. In our study, we purified P40 from human colon to apparent homogeneity, sequenced two peptides after proteolytic digestion, and demonstrated that the P40 belongs to the tropomyosin family. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blood serum from 95% of patients with ulcerative colitis contains antibodies that are reactive to tropomyosin.
De-virtualizing virtual Function Calls using various Type Analysis Techniques in Object-Oriented Programming Languages. (2012)

Object-oriented paradigm has become increasingly popular from past few decades due to their incredible and exciting features. The features like polymorphism, inheritance, abstraction, dynamic binding etc. made object-oriented languages widely acceptable. However at the same time the same features are responsible for degrading the performance of programs written in these languages. These features are responsible for making object-oriented programs harder to optimize than the programs written in the languages like C and FORTRAN. One of the main factors that make object-oriented languages slower is the frequent use of indirect calls to methods (virtual functions). to address the problem of how to convert virtual function calls to direct calls and to target where is the possibility of inlining, a number of techniques and algorithms have been designed and put into practical use in many of the optimizing compilers. In this work we will we put forward a study about the reducing or elimination of virtual function calls for statically typed object-oriented languages using various proposed Analysis algorithms. This study will bring to the front the best and worst about various proposed algorithms for resolution of virtual function call methods.
Mutation of Glu-80–>Lys results in a protein C mutant that no longer requires Ca2+ for rapid activation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. (1994)

Binding Ca2+ to a high affinity site in protein C and Gla-domainless protein C (protein C lacking residues 1-44) results in a conformational change that is required for activation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex, the natural activator of protein C. Protein C modeling studies suggested the single high affinity Ca2+ binding-site might be present in a loop in the protease domain and involve Glu-70 and -80 (chymotrypsin numbering system). This loop, which is a known Ca(2+)-binding site in trypsin, is also conserved in other coagulation proteases, including factors VII, IX,and X. In thrombin, which does not bind Ca2+, Glu-70 is replaced by Lys, creating an internal salt bridge with Glu-80. We constructed and expressed a Gla-domainless protein C mutant in which Glu-80 is replaced with Lys. The activation of the resultant mutant is accelerated by thrombomodulin in a Ca(2+)-independent fashion. Unlike wild type Gla-domainless protein C, Ca2+ no longer inhibits activation of the mutant by free thrombin, and Ca2+ stimulation of chromogenic activity is also absent. The characteristic Ca(2+)-dependent quenching of Gla-domainless protein C intrinsic fluorescence is also absent in the mutant. We conclude that the high affinity Ca(2+)-binding site in protein C critical for zymogen activation involves Glu-80. The Glu-80 to Lys mutation probably results in a salt bridge with Glu-70 that stabilizes protein C zymogen in a conformation similar, if not identical, to the Ca(2+)-stabilized conformation favorable for rapid activation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex.
Airway effects of purine nucleosides and nucleotides and release with bronchial provocation in asthma (1986)

Adenosine, AMP, and ADP all caused similar concentration-related bronchoconstriction when inhaled by patients with asthma, whereas the adenosine hydrolysis product inosine had no effect. Geometric mean provocation concentrations of adenosine AMP and ADP causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PCf20) were 2.34, 4.27, and 2.19 mumol/ml and 40% fall in specific airway conductance (PCs40) 3.16, 5.01, and 2.0 mumol/ml. Bronchoconstriction was rapid in onset, reaching a maximum 2-5 min after a single inhalation of AMP. In 31 asthmatic subjects a positive correlation was established between airway responsiveness to histamine, as an index of non-specific responsiveness, and airway reactivity to adenosine (PCf20, r = 0.60; PCs40, r = 0.64; P less than 0.01). Following bronchial provocation with allergen in nine subjects, plasma levels of adenosine increased from a mean base line of 5.4 +/- 0.9 to 9.6 +/- 2.0 ng/ml at 15 min (P less than 0.01) in parallel with a fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s. With methacholine provocation bronchoconstriction reached maximum 2-5 min postchallenge being followed by, but not accompanied by, significant increases in plasma levels of adenosine. These data suggest that adenosine is a specific bronchoconstrictor that may contribute to airflow obstruction in asthma.
Translational study between structure and biological response of nanocellulose from wood and green algae (2013)

The influence of nanostructure on the cytocompatibility of cellulose films is analyzed providing insight into how physicochemical properties of surface modified microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and Cladophora nanocellulose (CC) affect the materials cytocompatibility. CC is modified through TEMPO-mediated oxidation and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTMAC) condensation to obtain anionic and cationic nanocellulose samples respectively, while anionic and cationic MFC samples are obtained by carboxymethylation and EPTMAC condensation respectively. Films of unmodified, anionic and cationic MFC and CC are prepared by vacuum filtration and characterized in terms of specific surface area, pore size distribution, degree of crystallinity, surface charge and water content. Human dermal fibroblasts are exposed to culture medium extracts of the films in an indirect contact cytotoxicity test. Moreover, cell adhesion and viability are evaluated in a direct contact assay and the effects of the physicochemical properties on cell behavior are discussed. In the indirect cytotoxicity test no toxic leachables are detected, evidencing that the CC and MFC materials are non-cytotoxic, independently of the chemical treatment that they have been subjected to. The direct contact tests show that carboxymethylated-MFC presents a more cytocompatible profile than unmodified and trimethylammonium-MFC. TEMPO–CC promotes fibroblast adhesion and presents cell viability comparable to the results obtained with the tissue culture material Thermanox. We hypothesize that the distinct aligned nanofiber structure present in the TEMPO–CC films is responsible for the improved cell adhesion. Thus, by controlling the surface properties of cellulose nanofibers, such as chemistry, charge, and orientation, cell adhesion properties can be promoted.
Bypass Testing of Web Applications (2005)

Web software applications are increasingly being deployed in sensitive situations. Web applications are used to transmit, accept and store data that is personal, company confidential and sensitive. Input validation testing (IVT) checks user inputs to ensure that they conform to the program's requirements, which is particularly important for software that relies on user inputs, including Web applications. A common technique in Web applications is to perform input validation on the client with scripting languages such as JavaScript. An insidious problem with client-side input validation is that end users can bypass this validation. Bypassing validation can cause failures in the software, and can also break the security on Web applications, leading to unauthorized access to data, system failures, invalid purchases and entry of bogus data. We are developing a strategy called bypass testing to create client-side tests for Web applications that intentionally violate explicit and implicit checks on user inputs. This paper describes the strategy, defines specific rules and adequacy criteria for tests, describes a proof-of-concept automated tool, and presents initial empirical results from applying bypass testing.
Desahucio exprés contra la ocupación de viviendas (2018)

El autor analiza sucintamente con motivo de la reforma de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil, en relacion a la ocupacion ilegal de viviendas, las tres opciones que se plantean en orden a esta conducta antisocial: su consideracion como ilicito civil, ilicito administrativo, o delito; concluyendo la necesidad de un modelo de reaccion que pondere no solo el rendimiento y efectividad del sistema sino la satisfaccion razonable de las expectativas de los implicados en este problema social y comunitario.
Deep‐red emissive conjugated poly(2,6‐BODIPY‐ethynylene)s bearing alkyl side chains (2009)

Abstract Novel deep‐red emissive poly(2,6‐BODIPY‐ethynylene)s bearing dodecyl side chains (polymers A , B , and C ) have been prepared by palladium‐catalyzed Sonogashira polymerization of 2,6‐diiodo‐functionalized BODIPY monomers with 2,6‐diethynyl‐functionalized BODIPY monomers. These polymers emit in the deep‐red region with emission maxima at up to 690 nm, and exhibit significant red shifts (up to 166 and 179 nm) of both absorption and emission maxima compared with their parent BODIPY dyes due to significant extension of π‐conjugation. These polymers possess good thermal stability with decomposition temperature between 270 and 360 °C. The polymers exhibit a little larger Stokes shifts and shorter lifetime than their corresponding BODIPY dyes. The solid state thin films of polymers A , B , and C emit in near‐infrared region between 723 and 743 nm, and show significantly red shifts (up to 57 nm) in absorption and emission maxima relative to their polymer solution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 5354–5366, 2009
Controlling the effects of anomalous ARP behaviour on ethernet networks (2005)

There are a large number of large-scale Ethernet-based local and metropolitan area networks in use. A significant reason for this prolific deployment is the relatively simple manner in which they can be configured and deployed. A critical service on these networks, that epitomises the simple nature of Ethernet, is the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). This protocol is used to determine the link-layer address of a host given its network-layer identifier, and uses the intrinsic broadcast capability of Ethernet to determine these mappings. In this paper, we present an analysis of ARP behaviour on three sizable local area networks and show that due to poorly configured or malicious software (e.g. viruses) on hosts, performance issues could arise because of ARP. We also propose a scheme that can be used to manage the effect of the problems identified in our analysis.
Luminescent Transitions Associated With Divalent Copper Impurities and the Green Emission from Semiconducting Zinc Oxide (1969)

Luminescent transitions at divalent copper impurities in ZnO give rise to a close-spaced, no-phonon doublet at \ensuremath{\sim}2.8590 eV, as well as a broad multiphonon side band. The transition is found to be an optical charge transfer between a highly shielded localized level of the copper impurity and a level which is strongly perturbed by the valence-band states of the crystal. The analysis provides information about the role of deep acceptor states in electronic processes in covalent solids.
Development of a High Performance Thermal Interface Material With Vertically Aligned Graphite Platelets (2011)

This paper introduces a high performance thermal interface material (TIM) with vertically aligned graphite. The main structure of the TIM is a vertically laminated structure, in which thin solder layers are laminated with aligned graphite layers. Unlike traditional TIMs infiltrated with randomly oriented high conductive fillers, the laminated TIM with vertically aligned graphite provides extraordinarily high z-axis thermal conductivity and controllable stiffness by simply setting the thickness of each component layer to match different surfaces. Thus, this design greatly improves the overall heat transfer performance. In addition, using metallic-graphite composites greatly improves the bonding between the graphite and the metallic host compared to nonmetallic materials, and thus the thermal boundary resistance can be significantly reduced. Moreover, compared to organic hosts, solders have much smaller phonon spectra mismatch with graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs), and thus offer significantly higher interface conductance. Furthermore, vertically connected solder layers can also lock the graphite layers in place and reinforce the strength of the entire package. A series of experimental tests was conducted to evaluate the effects of processing pressure and surface roughness on the overall thermal performance of the graphite TIMs. The results indicated that the overall thermal resistance of two smooth surfaces soldered by a 200 μm-thick graphite TIM was reduced from 0.12 to 0.03 cm2•K/W when the compression pressure applied during the soldering process was increased from 7 to 68 psi. Increased surface roughness appeared to improve heat transfer across the interface by enlarging the contact areas between the surface and the graphite TIMs. A preliminary numerical simulation verified this trend.
Regulation of endothelial cell myosin light chain kinase by Rho, cortactin, and p60<sup><i>src</i></sup> (1999)

Inflammatory diseases of the lung are characterized by increases in vascular permeability and enhanced leukocyte infiltration, reflecting compromise of the endothelial cell (EC) barrier. We examined potential molecular mechanisms that underlie these alterations and assessed the effects of diperoxovanadate (DPV), a potent tyrosine kinase activator and phosphatase inhibitor, on EC contractile events. Confocal immunofluorescent microscopy confirmed dramatic increases in stress-fiber formation and colocalization of EC myosin light chain (MLC) kinase (MLCK) with the actin cytoskeleton, findings consistent with activation of the endothelial contractile apparatus. DPV produced significant time-dependent increases in MLC phosphorylation that were significantly attenuated but not abolished by EC MLCK inhibition with KT-5926. Pretreatment with the Rho GTPase-inhibitory C3 exotoxin completely abolished DPV-induced MLC phosphorylation, consistent with Rho-mediated MLC phosphatase inhibition and novel regulation of EC MLCK activity. Immunoprecipitation of EC MLCK after DPV challenge revealed dramatic time-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the kinase in association with increased MLCK activity and a stable association of MLCK with the p85 actin-binding protein cortactin and p60(src). Translocation of immunoreactive cortactin from the cytosol to the cytoskeleton was noted after DPV in concert with cortactin tyrosine phosphorylation. These studies indicate that DPV activates the endothelial contractile apparatus in a Rho GTPase-dependent fashion and suggests that p60(src)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of MLCK and cortactin may be important features of contractile complex assembly.
Multicomponent Adsorption of Alcohols onto Silicalite-1 from Aqueous Solution: Isotherms, Structural Analysis, and Assessment of Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (2012)

Configurational-bias Monte Carlo (CBMC) simulations in the isobaric-isothermal version of the Gibbs ensemble (GE) were carried out to probe the adsorption from aqueous solutions of methanol and/or ethanol onto silicalite-1. This methodology does require neither specification of the chemical potential nor any reference to activity models based on experimental data. The CBMC-GE methodology can be applied to the complete range of mixture compositions from pure water to pure alcohols and can also be used when multiple solute types are present at high concentration. The simulations demonstrate high selectivities for the alcohols (α(ethanol) > α(methanol)) almost over the entire composition range. The ideal adsorbed solution theory is found to substantially underpredict the amount of sorbed water and leads to very large errors for low alcohol solution concentrations. The simulations indicate that, at lower loadings, the adsorbed alcohol molecules can serve as seeds for water adsorption but, at higher loadings, alcohols displace water molecules from their preferred region.
Usefulness of several biomarkers in the management of septic patients: C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, presepsin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (2015)

PCT, MR-proADM and presepsin are complementary markers that could be of great help in the management of septic patients when they are measured in the first 24 h after ICU admission.
A 240 GHz Fully Integrated Wideband QPSK Receiver in 65 nm CMOS (2015)

Operation at millimeter-wave/sub-terahertz frequencies allows one to realize very high data-rate transceivers for wireless chip-to-chip communication. In this paper, a 240 GHz 16 Gbps QPSK receiver is demonstrated in 65 nm CMOS technology. The receiver employs a direct-conversion mixer-first architecture with an integrated slotted loop antenna. A 240 GHz LO chain drives the passive mixers to down-convert the modulated data to baseband. The baseband signal is then amplified using high gain, wide bandwidth amplifiers. The receiver has a noise figure of 15 dB with a conversion gain of 25 dB calculated from measurement data. The receiver achieves a data rate of 10 Gbps (with ) and a maximum data rate of 16 Gbps (with BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> ) with a receiver efficiency of 16 pJ/bit.
The signed Euclidean distance transform and its applications (2003)

The signed Euclidean distance transform described is a modified version of P.E. Danielsson's Euclidean distance transform (1980). The distance transform produces a distance map in which each pixel is a vector of two integer components. If a distance map is created inside the objects, the two integer values of a pixel in the distance map represent the displacements of the pixel from the nearest background point in the x and y directions, respectively. The unique feature of this distance transform, that a vector in the distance map is always pointing to the nearest background point, is exploited in several applications, such as the detection of dominant point in digital curves, curve smoothing, computing Dirichlet tessellations and finding convex hulls.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>