gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of a gibberellin-induced factor with the upstream region of an alpha-amylase gene in rice aleurone tissue. (1988)

The interaction between the DNA sequences of an alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) gene and a tissue-specific factor induced in rice (Oryza sativa L.) aleurone tissue by gibberellin was studied. DNA mobility-shift during electrophoresis indicated that a 500-base-pair sequence (HS500) of a rice alpha-amylase genomic clone (OSamy-a) specifically interacted with a factor from gibberellin-induced rice aleurone tissue. The amount of complex formed between the HS500 DNA fragment and the gibberellin-induced factor increased in proportion to increasing amounts of aleurone extract and decreased with the addition of unlabeled HS500 DNA fragment. A specific segment of the HS500 fragment was protected from exonuclease III digestion by protein(s) in the aleurone extract, revealing the approximate position of the protein-DNA interaction. In the protected region, there is a direct repeat that overlaps with a potential stem-loop structure. Protein in extracts from leaves, roots, or deembryonated seeds incubated without gibberellin A3 did not bind to the HS500 DNA fragment. However, the binding factor was induced in deembryonated seeds when exogenous gibberellin A3 was added during seed imbibition. This suggests that activation of alpha-amylase synthesis by gibberellin may be mediated by the formation of a factor that interacts with a specific sequence of the alpha-amylase gene.
Elementos de comunicación del marketing emocional en las empresas comercializadoras de Neumáticos (2011)

La presente investigacion tuvo por objetivo determinar los elementos de la comunicacion utilizados en el marketing emocional en las empresas comercializadoras de neumaticos del municipio Cabimas, el estudio se sustento en las teorias de Alfaro (2004), Kotler y Armstrong (2006), y Robinette, Brand y Lenz (2001), entre otros. Con respecto a la metodologia se definio como una investigacion aplicada, descriptiva, de campo, no experimental, transeccional. La poblacion estuvo compuesta por 8 empresas en el ramo. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un cuestionario de 51 items, validado por 5 expertos, con una confiabilidad de 0,92. A traves de los resultados obtenidos se observo que los elementos de comunicacion como publicidad, relaciones publicas, exposiciones comerciales, ventas personales entre otros utilizados en el marketing emocional se encuentran medianamente presente en estas empresas comercializadoras de neumaticos lo que es necesario reforzar para mejorar para asi lograr un aprovechamiento a este tipo de marketing puede ofrecer a cual sea la organizacion.
Differential signalling by muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle: m2-mediated inactivation of myosin light chain kinase via Gi3, Cdc42/Rac1 and p21-activated kinase 1 pathway, and m3-mediated MLC20 (20 kDa regulatory light chain of myosin II) phosphorylation via Rho-associated kinase/myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 and protein kinase C/CPI-17 pathway (2003)

Signalling via m3 and m2 receptors in smooth muscles involved activation of two G-protein-dependent pathways by each receptor. m2 receptors were coupled via Gbetagammai3 with activation of phospholipase C-beta3, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Cdc42/Rac1 (where Cdc stands for cell division cycle) and p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), resulting in phosphorylation and inactivation of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Each step was inhibited by methoctramine and pertussis toxin. PAK1 activity was abolished in cells expressing both Cdc42-DN (where DN stands for dominant negative) and Rac1-DN. MLCK phosphorylation was inhibited by PAK1 antibody, and in cells expressing Cdc42-DN and Rac1-DN. m3 receptors were coupled via Galpha(q/11) with activation of phospholipase C-beta1 and via RhoA with activation of Rho-associated kinase (Rho kinase), phospholipase D and protein kinase C (PKC). Rho kinase and phospholipase D activities were inhibited by C3 exoenzyme and in cells expressing RhoA-DN. PKC activity was inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide, and in cells expressing RhoA-DN; PKC activity was also inhibited partly by Y27632 (44+/-5%). PKC-induced phosphorylation of PKC-activated 17 kDa inhibitor protein of type 1 phosphatase (CPI-17) at Thr38 was abolished by bisindolylmaleimide and inhibited partly by Y27632 (28+/-3%). Rho-kinase-induced phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT1) and was abolished by Y27632. Sustained phosphorylation of 20 kDa regulatory light chain of myosin II (MLC20) and contraction were abolished by bisindolylmaleimide Y27632 and C3 exoenzyme and in cells expressing RhoA-DN. The results suggest that Rho-kinase-dependent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and PKC-dependent phosphorylation and enhancement of CPI-17 binding to the catalytic subunit of MLC phosphatase (MLCP) act co-operatively to inhibit MLCP activity, leading to sustained stimulation of MLC20 phosphorylation and contraction. Because Y27632 inhibited both Rho kinase and PKC activities, it could not be used to ascertain the contribution of MYPT1 to inhibition of MLCP activity. m2-dependent phosphorylation and inactivation of MLCK precluded its involvement in sustained MLC20 phosphorylation and contraction.
Ligand responsiveness in human prostate cancer: structural analysis of mutant androgen receptors from LNCaP and CWR22 tumors. (2000)

Androgen receptors (ARs) belong to the family of hormone receptors that are ligand-dependent transcription factors. Endocrine therapy provides effective treatment for prostate cancer until mutations arise that alter the ligand responsiveness of AR. In this study, structural models were developed for the functional domains of human AR by homology modeling from crystal structures of closely related nuclear receptors. These models were used to locate the sites of two frequently occurring mutations in prostate cancer. The substitutions that develop in LNCaP (threonine-->alanine at residue 877) and CWR22 (histidine-->tyrosine at residue 874) tumor cell lines are both located on helix 11 that forms part of the ligand-binding pocket. However, the results suggest that these mutations influence ligand responsiveness by completely different mechanisms. Residue 877 contacts the ligand directly, and substitution at this site alters the stereochemistry of the binding pocket. Thus, the LNCaP mutation apparently broadens the specificity of ligand recognition. In contrast, residue 874 is located down the helical axis, projects away from the ligand pocket, and does not contact ligand. The side chain of residue 874 lies in a cavity between helices 11 and 12. Substitution of tyrosine for histidine 874 in CWR22 tumors may affect a conformational change of helix 12 and, thus, influence binding of coactivator proteins and their regulatory effect on transcriptional activation.
Simultaneous analog tuning of the series- and anti-resonances of acoustic wave resonators (2018)

A new electronically-reconfigurable hybrid acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonator (AWLR) is presented that enables simultaneous analog tuning of both the series- and anti-resonant frequencies. Acoustic-wave resonators are combined with lumped inductors and two tunable capacitors in such a way that physically small fully reconfigurable resonators with Qs in the order of 100s are generated. Due to the simultaneous control, AWLR-based filters with both reconfigurable transmission zeros and center frequencies are possible. A record 2.6% series-resonant frequency tuning is demonstrated and Qs up to 680 are shown.
Reversible Activation of Mouse Metal Response Element-Binding Transcription Factor 1 DNA Binding Involves Zinc Interaction with the Zinc Finger Domain (1997)

The DNA-binding activity of the Zn finger protein metal response element-binding transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) was rapidly induced both in vivo in mouse Hepa cells, canine MDCK, and human HeLa cells after incubation in medium containing zinc and in vitro in whole-cell extracts to which zinc was added. Acquisition of DNA-binding capacity in the presence of free zinc was temperature and time dependent and did not occur at 4 degrees C. In contrast, activated MTF-1 binding to the metal response element occurred at 4 degrees C. After Zn activation, mouse MTF-1 binding activity was more sensitive to EDTA and was stabilized by DNA binding relative to the Zn finger transcription factor Sp1. After dilution of nuclear or whole-cell extracts from Zn-treated cells and incubation at 37 degrees C, mouse MTF-1 DNA-binding activity was no longer detected but could be completely reconstituted by the subsequent readdition of zinc. In vitro-synthesized, recombinant mouse MTF-1 displayed a similar, reversible temperature- and Zn-dependent activation of DNA-binding activity. Analysis of deletion mutants of recombinant MTF-1 suggests that the Zn finger domain is important for the Zn-dependent activation of DNA-binding capacity. Thus, mouse MTF-1 functions as a reversibly activated sensor of free zinc pools in the cell.
Mining Frequent Induced Subtree Patterns with Subtree-Constraint (2006)

Mining frequent induced subtree patterns is very useful in domains such as XML databases, web log analyzing. However, because of the combinatorial explosion, mining all frequent subtree patterns becomes infeasible for a large and dense tree database. And too many frequent subtree patterns also confuse users. Usually only a small set of the mining results can arouse users' interests. In this paper, we propose a problem to discover frequent induced subtree patterns that are super trees of a given pattern tree specified by users, i.e. frequent induced subtree patterns with subtree-constraint. Most existing frequent subtree mining algorithms are based on right-most extension, which does not work well in the new problem. So free extension is presented to replace right-most extension in this paper. To avoid the duplicate pattern problem caused by free extension, we develop an efficient method that ensures no duplicate patterns in mining process or results. Then Subtree- Constraint Frequent Subtree Patterns Mining Algorithm, i.e.SCFS algorithm, is given. The experiment results also show that our algorithm achieves good performance.
Multi-View Reconstruction of Unknown Objects in the Presence of Known Occlusions (2009)

Abstract—We present a general method for reconstructing unknown objects (e.g. humans) within a known environment (e.g. tables, racks, robots) which usually has occlusions. These occlusions have to be considered since parts of the unknown objects might be hidden in some or even all camera views. Besides grayscale and color cameras also depth sensors are considered. In order to avoid cluttered reconstructions, plausibility checks are used to eliminate reconstruction artifacts which actually do not contain any unknown object. One application is a supervision/surveillance system for safe human/robot-coexistence and –cooperation. Experiments for a voxel-based implementation are given. (Figure 1b). Background subtraction algorithms (e.g. [5] and [8]) will produce such erroneous silhouettes if the object is partly or completely occluded. To overcome this problem, occlusions must be considered. Recently, some approaches have been published, which deal with two different kinds of occlusion problems.
Foreground/background segmentation of color images by integration of multiple cues (2002)

This research addresses the issue of automatically segmenting color images into foreground (F) and back-ground (B) regions with the assumption that background regions are relatively smooth but may have gradually varying colors or be slightly textured. A multi-level segmentation scheme is used that involves color clustering, unsupervised segmentation using MDL (minimum description length) principle, edge-based F/B separation, and integrated F/B segmentation. The approach has been tested on more than 100 images. Some of the experimental results are presented.
Development of 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines as Antimalarials Based on Inhibition of the S108N and C59R+S108N Mutants of Dihydrofolate Reductase from Pyrimethamine-Resistant <i>Plasmodium </i><i>f</i><i>alciparum</i> (2002)

The reduced binding of pyrimethamine to Ser108Asn (S108N) mutants of parasite dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which forms the basis of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to pyrimethamine, is largely due to steric constraint imposed by the bulky side chain of N108 on Cl of the 5-p-Cl-phenyl group. This and other S108 mutants with bulky side chains all showed reduced binding to pyrimethamine and cycloguanil. Less effect on binding to some bulky mutants was observed for trimethoprim, with greater flexibility for the 5-substituent. S108N DHFR also binds poorly with other pyrimethamine derivatives with bulky groups in place of the p-Cl, and the binding was generally progressively poorer for the double (C59R+S108N) mutant. Removal of the p-Cl or replacement with m-Cl led to better binding with the mutant DHFRs. Pyrimethamine analogues with unbranched hydrophobic 6-substituents showed generally good binding with the mutant DHFRs. A number of compounds were identified with high affinities for both wild-type and mutant DHFRs, with very low to no affinity to human DHFR. Some of these compounds show good antimalarial activities against pyrimethamine-resistant P. falciparum containing the mutant DHFRs with low cytotoxicity to three mammalian cell lines.
A Study on Area Types of Recycling Agriculture (2003)

So far, we have pursued only convenient and efficient growth of economy, as a result, environment surrounding us has been destroyed and the rights of our existence gotten to be even threatened. We need to ensure our lives and at the same time, need a power with which agriculture undertakes global circulation structure and a power that is able to preserve our environment we live per se. therefore, in the near tuture, the final objectives of agriculture structure for 21st century would be to increase productivity of highly developed agricultural products in accordance with the ecosystem and a recycling agriculture.
Language-model look-ahead for large vocabulary speech recognition (2002)

Presents an efficient look-ahead technique which incorporates the language model knowledge at the earliest possible stage during the search process. This so-called language model look-ahead is built into the time-synchronous beam search algorithm using a tree-organized pronunciation lexicon for a bigram language model. The language model look-ahead technique exploits the full knowledge of the bigram language model by distributing the language model probabilities over the nodes of the lexical tree for each predecessor word. We present a method for handling the resulting memory requirements. The recognition experiments performed on the 20,000-word North American Business task (Nov. 1996) demonstrate that, in comparison with the unigram look-ahead, a reduction by a factor of 5 in the acoustic search effort can be achieved without loss in recognition accuracy.
Notes - Preparation of Fluoroalkyl Iodides from Fluorinated Acid Chlorides (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Preparation of Fluoroalkyl Iodides from Fluorinated Acid ChloridesC KrespanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 12, 2016–2017Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1958Publication History Published online11 June 2003Published inissue 1 December 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01106a621RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (275 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effects of Sublethal Irradiation on Patterns of Engraftment after Murine Bone Marrow Transplantation (2010)

Attempts to reduce the toxicity of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have led to the use of various immunosuppressive, yet nonmyeloablative preparative regimens that often include low-dose irradiation. To determine the effects of low-dose irradiation on the dynamics of donor cell engraftment after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), we coupled standard endpoint flow cytometric analysis with in vivo longitudinal bioluminescence imaging performed throughout the early (<10 days) and late (days 10-90) post-BMT periods. To exclude the contribution of irradiation on reducing immunologic rejection, severely immune-deficient mice were chosen as recipients of allogeneic bone marrow. Flow cytometric analysis showed that sublethal doses of total body irradiation (TBI) significantly increased long-term (14 weeks) donor chimerism in the bone marrow compared with nonirradiated recipients (P < .05). Bioluminescence imaging demonstrated that the effect of TBI (P < .001) on chimerism occurred only after the first 7 days post-BMT. Flow cytometric analysis on day 3 showed no increase in the number of donor cells in irradiated bone marrow, confirming that sublethal irradiation does not enhance marrow chimerism early after transplantation. Local irradiation also significantly increased late (but not early) donor chimerism in the irradiated limb. Intrafemoral injection of donor cells provided efficient early chimerism in the injected limb, but long-term systemic donor chimerism was highest with i.v. administration (P < .05). Overall, the combination of TBI and i.v. administration of donor cells provided the highest levels of long-term donor chimerism in the marrow space. These findings suggest that the major effect of sublethal irradiation is to enhance long-term donor chimerism by inducing proliferative signals after the initial phase of homing.
Collagen Organization in the Branching Region of Human Brain Arteries (1998)

In the region of the medial gap, a narrow band of highly aligned tendonlike collagen running in the direction of the ridge of the flow divider was a consistent finding. This structure would provide strength and stability to the vessel and is inconsistent with the concept of an inherent defect in the structure of bifurcations.
Monitoring Neurotransmitter Amino Acids by Microdialysis: Pharmacodynamic Applications (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Monitoring Neurotransmitter Amino Acids by Microdialysis Basic Research on Receptors Psychostimulants and Addictive Drugs Analgesia Ischemia–Anoxia Conclusions and Perspectives References
Calibrated ’’four-color’’ x-ray microscope for laser plasma diagnostics (1976)

Four quartz, orthogonal, cylindrical mirror pairs, two of which are coated with nickel, image the x-ray emission from laser fusion targets on hard film with a magnification of 3. K-edge filters used in conjunction with the mirror pairs permit us to take simultaneous pictures in four energy bands between 0.7 and 3.5 keV. We have measured microscope resolution, mirror reflection efficiency, and film sensitivity and used them to deduce the absolute emissivity and spectral characteristics of various laser fusion targets. This instrument is now used routinely for studying laser-generated plasmas at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory.
The Production of Propene Oxide:  Catalytic Processes and Recent Developments (2006)

Propene oxide, which is one of the major commodity chemicals used in chemical industry, desperately requires a new process for its production, because of the disadvantages that are encountered with the currently available processes. This paper discusses the existing processes used for the production of propene oxidethe chlorohydrin and hydroperoxide processesand their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the new processes and catalysts under development for the propene oxide production are discussed, as well as the challenges that are still limiting the applications of some of those prospects. The most important new developments for the production of propene oxide discussed in this paper are: the hydrogen peroxide combination process, the ethene oxide alike silver catalysts, the molten salt systems, and the gold−titania catalyst systems.
Specific Negative Resistance in Solids (1963)

The inherent instability associated with a specific differential negative resistance in a solid is discussed for the two cases voltage-controlled and current-controlled differential negative resistance. In the case of voltage-controlled differential negative resistance, it is shown that domains of high electric field occur. These domains are generally mobile and their movement is discussed. In the case, of current-controlled differential negative resistance, high current filaments form. The sizes of the domains and filaments are governed by the size of the specimen and by the principle of least entropy production. The effect of an external circuit is to inhibit stable filament formation in the case of current-controlled differential negative resistance and impose conditions under which stable domain formation can be observed in the case of voltage-controlled differential negative resistance.
Piezoelectric Effects in Collagen (1964)

The direct and converse piezoelectric effects have been observed in the Achilles tendon of ox and horse, which consists of collagen fibers in which the collagen molecules are highly orientated and crystallized. The matrix of piezoelectric constant is concordant with that derived for and unidirectionally oriented system of crystallites of collagen with a hexagonal symmetry. The magnitude of piezoelectric constant is: - d 14 = d 25 =8.0×10 -8 , d 15 = d 24 =4.2×10 -8 , d 31 = d 32 =0.26×10 -8 , d 33 =0.2×10 -8 c.g.s.e.s.u. respectively, which are the largest values observed in the crystalline polymers. The origin of the effect is supposed due to the polarization or displacement of hydrogen bonds being formed in the polypeptide chains of collagen crystals. The gramophone pick-up can be made by using the thin sheet of tendon as an electromechanical transducer.
Cation-exchanged montmorillonite clays as Lewis acid catalysts in the Fries rearrangement of phenyl toluene-p-sulphonate (1990)

Cation-exchanged montmorillonite clays catalyse the Fries rearrangement of phenyl toluene-p-sulphonate to give selectively 2- and 4-hydroxyphenyl p-tolyl sulphones as major and minor products respectively.
Static component interconnect test technology (SCITT) a new technology for assembly testing (2003)

Modern packaging technology combined with densely populated assemblies requires efficient design for test features. In particular, modern memories with complex interfaces need to be addressed. This paper presents the details of a test technology that makes assembly test more efficient. The method is based on the implementation of XOR and XNOR gates to bypass a functional circuit. It is compatible yet complimentary to boundary-scan. Mathematical proof and simulation results show the effectiveness of this method for detection and diagnosis of assembly faults. Known alternatives are compared for test coverage.