gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functions of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in gene knockout and overproducing mice. (1996)

Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is a cytokine whose only known action is competitive inhibition of the binding of interleukin 1 (IL-1) to its receptor. To investigate the physiological roles of endogenously produced IL-1ra, we generated mice that either lack IL-1ra or overproduce it under control of the endogenous promoter. Mice lacking IL-1ra have decreased body mass compared with wild-type controls. They are more susceptible than controls to lethal endotoxemia but are less susceptible to infection with Listeria monocytogenes. Conversely, IL-1ra overproducers are protected from the lethal effects of endotoxin but are more susceptible to listeriosis. Serum levels of IL-1 following an endotoxin challenge are decreased in IL-1ra nulls and increased in IL-1ra overproducers in comparison to controls. These data demonstrate critical roles for endogenously produced IL-1ra in growth, responses to infection and inflammation, and regulation of cytokine expression.
Use of a compact fiber optic spectrometer for spectral feedback during the laser ablation of dental hard tissues and restorative materials (2006)

One perceived disadvantage of caries removal using lasers is the loss of the tactile feedback associated with the handpiece. However, alternative methods of acoustic and optical feedback become available with the laser that can be exploited to provide information about the chemical composition of the material ablated, the ablation efficiency and rate, the depth of the incision, and the surface and plume temperature during ablation. Such information can be used to increase the selectivity of ablation, avoid peripheral thermal damage and excessive heat deposition in the tooth, and provide a mechanism of robotic automation. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that a compact fiberoptic spectrometer could be used to differentiate between the ablation of sound and carious enamel and dentin and between dental hard tissues and composite. Sound and carious tooth surfaces along with composite restorative materials were scanned with λ=0.355, 2.79 and 9.3 μm laser pulses at irradiation intensities ranging from 0.5-100 J/cm<sup>2</sup> and spectra were acquired from λ=250-900-nm using a compact fiber-optic spectrometer. Emission spectra varied markedly with the laser wavelength and pulse duration. Optical feedback was not successful in differentiating between sound and carious enamel and dentin even with the addition of various chromophores to carious lesion areas. However, the spectral feedback was successfully used to differentiate between composites and sound enamel and dentin enabling the selective removal of composite from tooth surfaces using a computer controlled λ=9.3-μm pulsed CO<sub>2</sub> laser and scanning system.
Identification of DNA binding sites for ComE, a key regulator of natural competence in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (1999)

Natural competence in Streptococcus pneumoniae is regulated by a quorum-sensing mechanism consisting of a competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), its dedicated secretion apparatus (ComAB), its histidine kinase receptor (ComD) and a response regulator (ComE). In this report, we show that ComE is a DNA-binding protein that acts autocatalytically by binding to a region in its own promoter. Two additional ComE binding sites were identified in the pneumococcal genome, one in the promoter region of comAB and the other upstream of an ABC transporter of unknown function. A comparison of the ComE-binding sequences with the sequence motif previously found to be involved in the co-ordinated expression of the late genes revealed that they are unrelated. These findings indicate that ComE activates transcription of the late genes indirectly, i.e. via one or more intermediate factors.
Combination therapy for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (2013)

Using combination treatments that target other pathways involved in angiogenesis will hopefully improve on the results of current anti-VEGF agents and may result in greater visual improvement and more convenient dosing regimens.
<title>Geometric Optics In Ophthalmic Lens Design</title> (1974)

The task of designing an ophthalmic corrective lens is one of optimizing a system by modifying only a fixed front element with remainder of the system rotatable about the stop point. Commercial designs date from the first part of the century. Two schools of thought, which still persist, governed the thinking and design work: Whether to correct astigmatism or to control field curvature. These meridional off axis errors have been the primary concern of ophthalmic lens designers, and considered mainly for distant object points. Geometric Optics has played a minor role in bifocal design except for research in the area of unsegmented multifocal lenses of continuously varying power. A design project today, made practical by computers and plotters, is one of optimizing a series of several hundred compatible lenses with consistent, logical tolerances, trade-offs and priorities applied to a range of fitting and object dis-tances. The magnitude of errors involved varies with the task from a few hundredths of a diopter in some prescriptions to several diopters in aphakic and low vision corrections. Aspherics work wonders with such lenses. The acceptance of hard resin lenses, has also made aspherics practical for ordinary prescriptions. This allows consideration of additional criteria such as distortion and cosmetic appearance.
The development of a signal processing system for converting arterial blood pressure to sound (2004)

This paper will introduce a system which can transfer arterial blood pressure wave into audible one, that is, sound. The system consists of three major components. The first is a 24 bit analog to digital converter (ADC). The second is data to sound converter (DAC). The third component is a high performance micro-controller which will control ADC, DAC and other peripheral or data processing if necessary. In current stage, we use a simulated arterial blood pressure signal as input. In the future, we will use tonometer to replace simulation signal. The goal of this research is to develop a simple device for diagnostic.
A New Method for Retrieving Particle Refractive Index and Effective Density from Aerosol Size Distribution Data (2002)

As part of the Big Bend Regional Aerosol Visibility and Observation study (BRAVO) in July-October 1999, dry aerosol size distributions were measured over the size range of 0.05 < Dp < 20 w m using a TSI differential mobility analyzer (DMA), a PMS LASAIR 1003 optical particle counter (OPC), and a TSI aerodynamic particle sizer 3320 (APS). Extensive calibrations were performed to characterize the response of the OPC and APS to particles of different size and composition. This paper describes a new method that was developed to align size distributions in the instrument overlap regions, allowing for the retrieval of aerosol real refractive index and effective density. To validate the method, retrieved particle real refractive index was compared with volumeweighted model estimates based on measured PM 2.5 chemical composition. The study average retrieved real refractive index was m r = 1.566 - 0.012, and the average computed PM 2.5 refractive index was m r = 1.56 - 0.02; the agreement is well within experimental uncertainties. The average value of computed PM 2.5 bulk density was 1.85 - 0.14 g cm -3 . The average value of retrieved effective density, a function of particle dynamic shape factor, was 1.56 - 0.12 g cm -3 . The comparisons of effective density to computed bulk density suggested an average particle dynamic shape factor of h = 1.2. Sensitivity studies showed that real refractive index could be retrieved with uncertainties on the order of 2-3%, and effective density was retrieved with uncertainties on the order of 20-30%.
Centriole Disassembly In Vivo and Its Effect on Centrosome Structure and Function in Vertebrate Cells (1998)

Glutamylation is the major posttranslational modification of neuronal and axonemal tubulin and is restricted predominantly to centrioles in nonneuronal cells (Bobinnec, Y., M. Moudjou, J.P. Fouquet, E. Desbruyères, B. Eddé, and M. Bornens. 1998. Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 39:223-232). To investigate a possible relationship between the exceptional stability of centriole microtubules and the compartmentalization of glutamylated isoforms, we loaded HeLa cells with the monoclonal antibody GT335, which specifically reacts with polyglutamylated tubulin. The total disappearance of the centriole pair was observed after 12 h, as judged both by immunofluorescence labeling with specific antibodies and electron microscopic observation of cells after complete thick serial sectioning. Strikingly, we also observed a scattering of the pericentriolar material (PCM) within the cytoplasm and a parallel disappearance of the centrosome as a defined organelle. However, centriole disappearance was transient, as centrioles and discrete centrosomes ultimately reappeared in the cell population. During the acentriolar period, a large proportion of monopolar half-spindles or of bipolar spindles with abnormal distribution of PCM and NuMA were observed. However, as judged by a quasinormal increase in cell number, these cells likely were not blocked in mitosis. Our results suggest that a posttranslational modification of tubulin is critical for long-term stability of centriolar microtubules. They further demonstrate that in animal cells, centrioles are instrumental in organizing centrosomal components into a structurally stable organelle.
An Ultrahigh Performance MPI Implementation on SGI® ccNUMA Altix® Systems (2006)

The SGI Message Passing Toolkit (MPT) software has implemented algorithms that provide extremely high-performance message passing on SGI Altix systems based on the SGI NUMAlink interconnect technology. Using Linux OS infrastructure and SGI XPMEM cross-host memory-mapping software, SGI MPI delivers extremely high MPI performance on shared-memory single host/SMP Altix systems as well as multihost superclusters. This paper outlines the Altix hardware features, OS features, and library software algorithms that have been developed to provide the low-latency and high-bandwidth capabilities. We present high-performance features like direct copy send/receive, collectives, and the ultralow-latency SHMEM data transfer library. We include MPI benchmark results, including an MPI ping pong latency that ranges from 1.2 to 2.3 microseconds on a 512-CPU Altix system with 1.5 GHz Intel Itanium 2 Processors.
Towards advanced robotic manipulation for nuclear decommissioning: A pilot study on tele-operation and autonomy (2016)

We present early pilot-studies of a new international project, developing advanced robotics to handle nuclear waste. Despite enormous remote handling requirements, there has been remarkably little use of robots by the nuclear industry. The few robots deployed have been directly teleoperated in rudimentary ways, with no advanced control methods or autonomy. Most remote handling is still done by an aging workforce of highly skilled experts, using 1960s style mechanical Master-Slave devices. In contrast, this paper explores how novice human operators can rapidly learn to control modern robots to perform basic manipulation tasks; also how autonomous robotics techniques can be used for operator assistance, to increase throughput rates, decrease errors, and enhance safety. We compare humans directly teleoperating a robot arm, against human-supervised semi-autonomous control exploiting computer vision, visual servoing and autonomous grasping algorithms. We show how novice operators rapidly improve their performance with training; suggest how training needs might scale with task complexity; and demonstrate how advanced autonomous robotics techniques can help human operators improve their overall task performance. An additional contribution of this paper is to show how rigorous experimental and analytical methods from human factors research, can be applied to perform principled scientific evaluations of human test-subjects controlling robots to perform practical manipulative tasks.
A Distributed Video Management Cloud Platform Using Hadoop (2015)

Due to complexities of big video data management, such as massive processing of large amount of video data to do a video summary, it is challenging to effectively and efficiently store and process these video data in a user friendly way. Based on the parallel processing and flexible storage capabilities of cloud computing, in this paper, we propose a practical massive video management platform using Hadoop, which can achieve a fast video processing (such as video summary, encoding, and decoding) using MapReduce, with good usability, performance, and availability. Red5 streaming media server is used to get video stream from Hadoop distributed file system, and Flex is used to play video in browsers. A user-friendly interface is designed for managing the whole platform in a browser-server style using J2EE. In addition, we show our experiences on how to fine-tune the Hadoop to get optimized performance for different video processing tasks. The evaluations show that the proposed platform can satisfy the requirements of massive video data management.
Avian Paramyxoviruses Serotype 3 Isolated from Captive Birds in Israel: Clinical Signs, Pathology, and Antigenic Characterization (1998)

Thirteen HA agents were isolated in Israel from captive flamingoes (Phoenicopterus ruber), Egyptian geese (Alopochen aegyptiacus) belonging to order Anseriformes, and ibis (Guara rubra) belonging to order Ciconiiformes. The isolation was done from postmortem materials in three cases of severe respiratory disease with high mortality. The isolates were examined serologically and identified as belonging to the serotype 3 of avian paramyxoviruses (APMV-3). The isolates were more close antigenically to the APMV-3b variety (prototype strain--APMV-3/Parakeet/Netherlands/449/75) than to the APMV-3a variety (prototype strain--APMV-3/Turkey/Wisconsin/68). This is the first isolation of APMV-3 from birds belonging to the orders Anseriformes and Ciconiiformes.
Metalloporphyrins as Tumor-Seeking MRI Contrast Media and as Potential Selective Treatment Sensitizers (1990)

From the University of Washington Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Laboratory. Nelson JA, Schmiedl U, Shankland EG. Metalloporphyrins as tumor-seeking MRI contrast media and as potential selective treatment sensitizers. Invest Radiol 1990:25:S71-S73.
The Peptide Components of Bee Venom (1976)

A procedure is described for the simultaneous separation of all the peptides (other than those present in trace amounts) contained in the venom of the common European honey bee (Apis mellifera). Three new peptides have been isolated: one is a fragment of the known peptide melittin. Some properties of the peptides are described.
Quantitative evaluation of digital shearing interferogram using the spatial carrier method (1996)

In this paper we describe a digital shearing interferometer system. The set-up is composed of a Mach - Zehnder interferometer which allows us to split the image of one object and to recombine the two images shifted and tilted. The tilt between the two images is chosen in order to produce a carrier frequency. The spatial carrier phase-shifting method is used for the quantitative evaluation. Two separate shearograms of an object under test are recorded using a CCD-sensor and stored in a frame grabber. The phases of the two shearograms are calculated from the complex amplitudes and the gradient is obtained from the phase difference. Experimental results are presented.
Comparison of self-collected vaginal, vulvar and urine samples with physician-collected cervical samples for human papillomavirus testing to detect high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. (2000)

Self-collection of samples for HPV testing was acceptable to women attending a colposcopy clinic for investigation of suspected cervical lesions and shows sufficient sensitivity to warrant further evaluation as a screening test for cervical cancer prevention programs.
Entrainer effect for supercritical extraction of phenol from water (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEntrainer effect for supercritical extraction of phenol from waterRobert K. Roop and Aydin AkgermanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1989, 28, 10, 1542–1546Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00094a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00094a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amphibian melanophores become photosensitive when treated with retinal (1996)

Culture Xenopus melanophores treated with all-trans retinal disperse their pigment granules when exposed to light, but fail to do so when maintained in retinoid-free medium. Two similar, but distinct, responses to retinal are described. One cellular cohort (fast cells) requires less than 4 h of retinal treatment to become photosensitive; the other (slow cells) requires up to 7 days of retinal treatment. Fast cells are usually, but not always, more sensitive to retinal, responding to concentrations as low as 1 nM retinal. Slow cells require 10–100 nM retinal before they become photosensitive. In both slow and fast cells, retinal isomers are more potent activators of photosensitivity than retinols. Retinoic acid is not effective when given alone. Pretreatment with retinoic acid, however, enhances the cellular sensitivity to retinal so that slow cells tend to assume the characteristics of fast cells. These findings demonstrate that melanophore responses to light in vitro vary as a function of culture conditions and that retinal can activate melanophore photosensitivity. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Global Ethic in an Age of Globalization (1997)

Abstract: Starting from the four theses that globalization is unavoidable, ambivalent, incalculable, and can be controlled rationally, ethics has an indispensable and important role to play in the process of globalization. Indeed, a number of international documents published in the 1990s not only acknowledge human rights but also speak explicitly of human responsibilities. The author pleads for the primacy of ethics over politics and economics and, in reviewing both the Interfaith Declaration for Jews, Christians, and Muslims, and the Caux Roundtable Principles for Business Conduct, he raises the question about the foundation for the unconditional validity of particular basic ethical values and attitudes. In Küng’s view, no universal ethic, but only religion, expressed by the three prophetic religions, the mystical religions of Indian origin, and the wisdom religions of Chinese origin, can provide this foundation. Yet, religion as a spiritual resource intends to influence concrete behavior and decision making. Therefore, the author stresses the importance of a personality culture for business executives and an “ethic of responsibility” to shape business culture and institutions. He then proposes the Declaration of the Parliament of the World’s Religions Toward a Global Ethic as a basis to develop a business ethics that can be supported by believers and non- believers alike.
Compact Y-branch power splitter based on simplified coherent coupling (2003)

Based on a simplified coherent coupling effect, a compact Y-branch power divider with polymer waveguides is presented. The simulated and measured normalized transmitted powers are 0.88 and 0.75 when the effective branching angle is as large as 19.7/spl deg/. For the same transmission efficiency, both theoretical and experimental results show that the length required for the proposed Y-branch is shorter than those for the conventional S-bend configurations. Furthermore, the transmission spectrum shows that the proposed Y-branch is suitable for a dense wavelength-division-multiplexing application.
Using PDMS Microtransfer Molding (pTM) for Polymer Flip chip (2003)

A new process to form fme pitch, high aspect ratio polymer flip chip bumps is described in this paper. Rather than conventional stencil printing, we produce the humps via a through-hole polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microtransfer mold (pTM) on a metallized wafer. Polymer bumping is achieved after silver epoxy paste is printed and cured inside the PDMS pTM which can be removed easily by solvent in subsequent steps. With this bumping approach, intrinsic slumping problem of the conductive polymer paste can be resolved. Complex circuit pattem and fme feature conductor can be built. In the current process evaluation, polymer humps of llOp diameter and 75p height were fabricated at 400p pitch. Electrical resistance measured between two bumps is ahout 1.OR. Depends on different paste deposition technique, bump shear strength varies from 20-1OOg. Shear strength of poor wetting hump is 23g. Average bump strength for good wetting bump is 83g which is comparable to reported value of solder joint [l]. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating conductive polymer flip chip bumps for fme pitch, high aspect ratio application at temperature 12OOC. Such low temperature fabrication technique is prevalent for MEMS packaging.
Formation of Semiconductive Metal-Sulfide at Interface of (SN)<sub>x</sub>-Metal Junction (1982)

Semiconductive metal-sulfides such as Cu 2 S, Ag 2 S, etc. are found to be formed at the interface between (SN) x and various metals. The electrical properties of these sulfides are studied.
The American Society of Clinical Oncology Cancer Foundation Grants Program: A 25-Year Report and a Look Toward the Future (2010)

The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Grants Program began in 1984 with a single $16,000 grant to a young investigator for start-up research funding. In 2009, the Grants Program, now administered by The ASCO Cancer Foundation, awarded more than $6.5 million to 70 different investigators. This article, celebrating the 25th anniversary of this initiative, describes the history and evolution of the Grants Program, attempts to measure the impact of the program on clinical cancer research through an analysis of the career paths of past recipients, and addresses challenges that the program will face as it enters its second 25 years.