gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
기독교가 대학생의 자살 생각에 미치는 영향에 대한 영적 안녕과 사회적 지지의 매개효과 -충남 1개 대학교를 중심으로- (2013)

본 연구는 대학생을 자살로부터 보호하는 요인으로서 기독교가 저설 생각에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 이 영향이 영적 안녕과 사회적 지지에 의해 매개되는지를 확인하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 2012년 12월 충남의 1개 대학의 대학생 418명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 기독교인은 무교인에 비해 자살 생각이 더 낮았고, 이는 영적 안녕의 두 하위 개념인 종교적 안녕과 실존의 안녕의 매개효과 때문인 것을 발견하였다. 동시에 종교적 안녕, 즉 종교적 헌신(committment)이 실존적 안녕보다 기독교와 자살 생각의 관련성을 더 많이 매개하는 것으로 나타났다 이것은 개인과 타인 혹은 공동체와의 관계보다는 개인과 신의 관계를 중요시하는 기독교의 특성을 반영하고 있음을 의미한다. 한편 기독교인의 사회적 지지는 무교의 사회적 지지와 차이가 없었고 따라서 기독교와 자살 생각의 매개요인이 되지 못했다. 이는 교회에서의 성도들 간의 만남이 재정적, 심리적 차원에서의 실질적인 도움을 주고 받는 관계로 발전해 나가야 함을 시사한다.
Nd:GdVO4 Crystal—A New Material for Diode-Pumped Solid-State Lasers (1993)

Nd:GdVO4 were grown by the Czochralski technique. Neodymium lifetime is 90µsec, absorption coefficient at 808 nm is more than 70 cm-1. Slope efficiency of diode pumped Nd:GdVO4 at 1.06 and 1.34µm is 54% and 26%, respectively.
A comparative analysis of the genetic switch between not-so-distant cousins: versus (2005)

Despite their close phylogenetic relationship, Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have adapted their carbon utilization systems to different environments. Although they share identities in the arrangement, sequence and functionality of their GAL gene set, both yeasts have evolved important differences in the GAL genetic switch in accordance to their relative preference for the utilization of galactose as a carbon source. This review provides a comparative overview of the GAL-specific regulatory network in S. cerevisiae and K. lactis, discusses the latest models proposed to explain the transduction of the galactose signal, and describes some of the particularities that both microorganisms display in their regulatory response to different carbon sources. Emphasis is placed on the potential for improved strategies in biotechnological applications using yeasts.
RAFT Miniemulsion Polymerization:  Influence of the Structure of the RAFT Agent (2002)

Reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) of styrene has been successfully performed in miniemulsion, mediated by a very efficient RAFT agent: 1-phenylethyl phenyldithioacetate (PEPDTA). To gain a better understanding of this system, we compared the performance of this RAFT agent with those of cumyl dithiobenzoate (CDB) and 1-phenylethyl dithiobenzoate (PEDB) in bulk and found a superior performance for PEPDTA. This result is consistent with a more efficient reversible radical sink in this system. Miniemulsion polymerizations mediated by PEPDTA (initiated by potassium persulfate at 75 °C) were also found to proceed at a considerably higher rate than those mediated by CDB or PEDB mediated ones; however, all three systems showed a significant decrease in polymerization rate as compared to a conventional miniemulsion polymerization. This latter observation is conceivably related to entry and exit events, as a prepolymerized PEPDTA RAFT agent displayed rates close to the conventional nonliving miniemulsion system. All systems were found to produce polymers with relatively broad molar mass distributions, which is fully explained by consideration of initiator-derived chains.
Detection and Characterization of T Cells Specific for BDC2.5 T Cell-Stimulating Peptides (2003)

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice expressing the BDC2.5 TCR transgene are useful for studying type 1 diabetes. Several peptides have been identified that are highly active in stimulating BDC2.5 T cells. Herein, we describe the use of I-Ag7 tetramers containing two such peptides, p79 and p17, to detect and characterize peptide-specific T cells. The tetramers could stain CD4(+) T cells in the islets and spleens of BDC2.5 transgenic mice. The percentage of CD4(+), tetramer(+) T cells increased in older mice, and it was generally higher in the islets than in the spleens. Our results also showed that tetAg7/p79 could stain a small population of CD4(+) T cells in both islets and spleens of NOD mice. The percentage of CD4(+), tetramer(+) T cells increased in cells that underwent further cell division after being activated by peptides. The avidity of TCRs on purified tetAg7/p79(+) T cells for tetAg7/p79 was slightly lower than that of BDC2.5 T cells. Although tetAg7/p79(+) T cells, like BDC2.5 T cells, secreted a large quantity of IFN-gamma, they were biased toward being IL-10-producing cells. Additionally, <3% of these cells expressed TCR Vbeta4. In vivo adoptive transfer experiments showed that NOD/scid recipient mice cotransferred with tetAg7/p79(+) T cells and NOD spleen cells, like mice transferred with NOD spleen cells only, developed diabetes. Therefore, we have generated Ag-specific tetramers that could detect a heterogeneous population of T cells, and a very small number of NOD mouse T cells may represent BDC2.5-like cells.
Liquid chromatographic determination of glyphosate in fortified soil and water samples (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid chromatographic determination of glyphosate in fortified soil and water samplesRobert L. GlassCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1983, 31, 2, 280–282Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00116a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00116a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views529Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Adult-Plant Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Bread Wheat (2006)

ABSTRACT Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a major disease to wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. Use of adult-plant resistance (APR) is an effective method to develop wheat cultivars with durable resistance to powdery mildew. In the present study, 432 molecular markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for APR to powdery mildew in a doubled haploid (DH) population with 107 lines derived from the cross Fukuho-komugi x Oligoculm. Field trials were conducted in Beijing and Anyang, China during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 cropping seasons, respectively. The DH lines were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Artificial inoculation was carried out in Beijing with highly virulent isolate E20 of B. graminis f. sp. tritici and the powdery mildew severity on penultimate leaf was evaluated four times, and the maximum disease severity (MDS) on penultimate leaf was investigated in Anyang under natural inoculation in May 2004 and 2005. The heritability of resistance to powdery mildew for MDS in 2 years and two locations ranged from 0.82 to 0.93, while the heritability for area under the disease progress curve was between 0.84 and 0.91. With the method of composite interval mapping, four QTL for APR to powdery mildew were detected on chromosomes 1AS, 2BL, 4BL, and 7DS, explaining 5.7 to 26.6% of the phenotypic variance. Three QTL on chromosomes 1AS, 2BL, and 7DS were derived from the female, Fukuho-komugi, while the one on chromosome 4BL was from the male, Oligoculm. The QTL on chromosome 1AS showed high genetic effect on powdery mildew resistance, accounting for 19.5 to 26.6% of phenotypic variance across two environments. The QTL on 7DS associated with the locus Lr34/Yr18, flanked by microsatellite Xgwm295.1 and Ltn (leaf tip necrosis). These results will benefit for improving powdery mildew resistance in wheat breeding programs.
Differential expression of two glial glutamate transporters in the rat brain: quantitative and immunocytochemical observations (1995)

Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in brain, is almost exclusively intracellular due to the action of the glutamate transporters in the plasma membranes. To study the localization and properties of these proteins, we have raised antibodies specifically recognizing parts of the sequences of two cloned rat glutamate transporters, GLT-1 (Pines et al., 1992) and GLAST (Storck et al., 1992). On immunoblots the antibodies against GLT-1 label a broad heterogeneous band with maximum density at around 73 kDa, while the antibody against GLAST labels a similarly broad band at around 66 kDa in the cerebellum and a few kilodaltons lower in other brain regions. GLT-1 is expressed at the highest concentrations in the hippocampus, lateral septum, cerebral cortex, and striatum, while GLAST is preferentially expressed in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. However, both transporters are present throughout the brain, and have roughly parallel distributions in the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. Preembedding light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry shows that both GLT-1 and GLAST are restricted to astrocytes, which appear to express both proteins concomitantly, but in different proportions in different parts of the brain. Nerve terminal labeling was not observed. Both the amino and carboxyl terminals of GLT-1 and GLAST are located intracellularly, indicating an even number of transmembrane segments. Antibodies against a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid residues 2-11 of the proposed sequence of GLT-1 recognize the native rat brain GLT-1 protein, confirming that the translation initiation site is at the first ATG.
Diploma Chlodovei III, pro matriculariis ecclesiœ S. Dionysii (2011)

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Ammonia dynamics in magnesium ammine from DFT and neutron scattering (2010)

Energy storage in the form of ammonia bound in metal salts, so-called metal ammines, combines high energy density with the possibility of fast and reversible NH3 ab- and desorption kinetics. The mechanisms and processes involved in the NH3 kinetics are investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS). The crystal structures of Mg(NH3)nCl2 with n = 6, 2, 1, which contains up to 9.19 wt % hydrogen and 0.115 kg hydrogen L−1, are first analyzed using an algorithm based on simulated annealing (SA), finding all the experimentally known structures and predicting the C2/m structure for the uncharacterized low temperature phase of Mg(NH3)6Cl2. It is found from DFT that the rotation of ammonia in the hexammine complex (n = 6) requires an activation energy of 0.09 eV in the low temperature phase of Mg(NH3)6Cl2 and 0.002–0.12 eV in the high temperature phases; effectively having free rotors as observed experimentally. The findings are supported by the QENS data, which identify C3 rotations of NH3 in the low temperature phase with an activation energy of 0.09 eV. The calculated diffusion rates were found to be 106–107 Hz at the desorption temperatures for all n = 6, 2, 1 systems. DFT calculations involving bulk diffusion of NH3 correctly reproduces the trends observed in the experimental desorption enthalpies. In particular, for n = 6, 2, 1, there is a good agreement between activation barriers and experimental enthalpies. These results indicate that the desorption of NH3 is likely to be diffusion limited.
A method for built-in tests in component-based software maintenance (2003)

Viewing software structure as a composition of components is helpful to enable software maintenance to be carried out at a higher level than language statements, as well as to improve software maintenance efficiency and quality, and to increase the reuse rate of existing software components in maintenance. In this paper, types of software maintenance are classified and scopes of software components in component-based software maintenance are analyzed. A new kind of built-in test (BIT) components for maintainable software is developed Based on this, a test/maintenance mode of maintainable software is proposed. Implementation approaches of the BIT components for software maintenance are developed. Applications of the BIT components in enhancing software maintainability in reengineering legacy systems for maintainability, and in ensuring run-time consistency are described.
Face occlusion detection by using B-spline active contour and skin color information (2010)

This paper proposes a face occlusion verification method for an automated teller machine (ATM) application. The proposed method mainly consists of three steps. Firstly, a head and shoulder shape is detected by applying B-spline active contour to motion edges. This motion edge is generated by a kurtosis-based frame selection and distance transformation-based motion edge detection. Secondly, a face area is estimated by fitting an ellipse to the detected head and shoulder shape. Finally, occlusion of the face area is determined by measuring skin color area ratio (SCAR) of whole face area and facial component areas. Experimental results show that the proposed head and shoulder detection method has 94.8% detection rate even though there are various types of severe occlusions in faces, and the proposed occlusion verifier has 86.7% verification rate.
Ebola virus disease and critical illness (2016)

As of 20 May 2016 there have been 28,646 cases and 11,323 deaths resulting from the West African Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak reported to the World Health Organization. There continue to be sporadic flare-ups of EVD cases in West Africa.EVD presentation is nonspecific and characterized initially by onset of fatigue, myalgias, arthralgias, headache, and fever; this is followed several days later by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Anorexia and gastrointestinal losses lead to dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, and metabolic acidosis, and, in some patients, acute kidney injury. Hypoxia and ventilation failure occurs most often with severe illness and may be exacerbated by substantial fluid requirements for intravascular volume repletion and some degree of systemic capillary leak. Although minor bleeding manifestations are common, hypovolemic and septic shock complicated by multisystem organ dysfunction appear the most frequent causes of death.Males and females have been equally affected, with children (0-14 years of age) accounting for 19 %, young adults (15-44 years) 58 %, and older adults (≥45 years) 23 % of reported cases. While the current case fatality proportion in West Africa is approximately 40 %, it has varied substantially over time (highest near the outbreak onset) according to available resources (40-90 % mortality in West Africa compared to under 20 % in Western Europe and the USA), by age (near universal among neonates and high among older adults), and by Ebola viral load at admission.While there is no Ebola virus-specific therapy proven to be effective in clinical trials, mortality has been dramatically lower among EVD patients managed with supportive intensive care in highly resourced settings, allowing for the avoidance of hypovolemia, correction of electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities, and the provision of oxygen, ventilation, vasopressors, and dialysis when indicated. This experience emphasizes that, in addition to evaluating specific medical treatments, improving the global capacity to provide supportive critical care to patients with EVD may be the greatest opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
In-Service Diagnostics for Wire-Bond Lift-off and Solder Fatigue of Power Semiconductor Packages (2017)

Wire-bond lift-off and Solder fatigue are degradation mechanisms that dominate the lifetime of power semiconductor packages. Although their lifetime is commonly estimated at the design stage, based on mission profiles and physics-of-failure models, there are many uncertainties associated with such lifetime estimates, emerging, e.g., from model calibration errors, manufacturing tolerances, etc. These uncertainties, combined with the diverse working environments of power semiconductor packages result in inaccurate lifetime estimates. This paper presents an approach for estimating the extent of degradation in power semiconductor packages based on online monitoring of key parameters of the semiconductor, namely, the thermal resistance R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">thja</sub> and the electrical resistance R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CE</sub> . Using these two parameters, solder fatigue and wire-bond lift-off can be detected during normal converter operation. In order to estimate these two parameters, two techniques are introduced: a residual obtained from a Kalman filter, which estimates the change in the thermal resistance R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">thja</sub> , and a recursive least squares algorithm, which is used to estimate the electrical resistance. Both methods are implemented online and validated experimentally.
Experimental investigation of wavelength-selective optical feedback for a high-power quantum dot superluminescent device with two-section structure (2012)

In this work, a high-power and broadband quantum dot superluminescent diode (QD-SLD) is achieved by using a two-section structure. The QD-SLD device consists of a tapered titled ridge waveguide section supplying for high optical gain and a straight titled ridge waveguide section to tune optical feedback from the rear facet of the device. The key point of our design is to achieve the wavelength-selective optical feedback to the emission of the QDs' ground state (GS) and 1st excited state (ES) by tuning the current densities injected in the straight titled section. With GS-dominant optical feedback under proper current-injection of the straight titled region, a high output power of 338 mW and a broad bandwidth of 65 nm is obtained simultaneously by the contribution associated to the QDs' GS and 1st ES emission.
Novel High‐Performance Ceramics—Amorphous Inorganic Networks from Molecular Precursors (1997)

Abstract Materials research is an interdisciplinary field in which engineers and physical scientists work together. Since the major binary oxides, nitrides, and carbides, which are currently used as high‐performance ceramics, were discovered in the last century, the role of chemistry in the development of materials has become barely noticeable. This has changed only in the recent past as, for example, purity and defined morphology of starting powders were recognized as crucial parameters for enhancing the reliability of ceramic workpieces. While the application of chemical methods led to gradual–though significant–improvements, the true potential of chemistry lies rather in the exploitation of new chemical systems and the development of new preparative routes to already known materials. Such an approach is the preparation of ceramics from molecular or polymeric precursors. Herein we survey the most important contributions to those preparative routes starting from the pioneering work in the 1960s and the 1970s; a certain emphasis is placed on the concepts that we have applied to the preparation of multinary, nonoxide materials and amorphous inorganic networks. The name “amorphous high‐performance ceramics” is in fact a contradiction in terms. Such materials are thermodynamically unstable with respect to the transformation or decomposition to crystalline phases, thus excluding their application in sensitive areas at high temperatures. However, the selection of element combinations for which the binding energies are derived from strong, local covalent bonds and which are therefore less dependent on a long‐range crystalline order, can yield amorphous materials of remarkable thermal and mechanical durability. This is exemplified by novel quaternary ceramics in the Si/B/N/C system, for which an efficient synthesis, starting from raw materials suitable for industrial production, has been developed. For instance, a material of the composition SiBN 3 C remains amorphous up to 1900°C, which is unique, and, with respect to oxidation, is the most stable nonoxide ceramic known to date. Another advantage of this in several respects unsurpassed material is the simple way, in which the viscosity of the polymeric precursors can be adjusted to various methods of shaping. So far infiltrations and coatings have been realized. Most developed is the preparation of fibers, which in terms of their performance characteristics are significantly better than those currently available.
Experimental evidence and theoretical analysis of anomalous diffusion during water infiltration in porous building materials (2001)

The infiltration of liquid and the propagation of the moisture front in non-saturated porous media are generally described by a diffusion equation that predicts a scaling law of the type x/(t)1/2 in one dimension. This model, generally referred to as the theory of unsaturated flow, was systematically applied to account for water movements in porous building materials. In this paper, two sets of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) one-dimensional water absorption profiles, respectively measured in a fired-clay brick and a limestone specimen, are re-examined according to this model. The reinterpretation of the NMR absorption data provides evidence that the infiltration front does not propagate as t1/2 neither in brick nor in limestone, i.e. the absorption process does not conform to the predictions of the unsaturated flow theory in these materials. A new theoretical model for infiltration, based on the assumption of a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism, is thus introduced. The water transfer in partially saturated materials is assumed to follow the general nonlinear diffusion equation (∂θ/∂t)-(∂/∂x)[D(θ)(∂θ/∂x)n] = 0, with n real. For one-dimensional infiltration, the water content θ can be expressed in terms of the single variable ϕ* = xt-α, with α = 1/(n + 1) and the cumulative water infiltration I is given at any time by I = ∫θ0θ1x dθ = tα∫θ0θ1ϕ* dθ = S*tα. The NMR absorption data are shown to be compatible with a non-Fickian diffusion process scaling as t0.58 in brick and as t0.61 in the limestone specimen. The application of the new anomalous diffusion model to brick indicates that the previous t1/2 relation may underestimate the volume of absorbed water by about 30% after only 100 hours. This result has particular relevance for evaluating the durability of building structures.
β‐Defensin Gene Expression during the Course of Experimental Tuberculosis Infection (2006)

The kinetics of gene expression and the cellular source of murine beta -defensin-3 (mBD3) and murine beta -defensin-4 (mBD4) were determined in mouse models of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis and latent infection induced by high or low infecting doses, respectively. During progressive disease, there was an initial rapid expression of both defensins by respiratory epithelial cells that correlated with temporary control of bacillary proliferation, but expression decreased during the later progressive phase of the disease. In latent infection, both defensins were expressed continuously, but they were suppressed after reactivation of the disease. Thus, mycobacterial infection induces the expression of mBD3 and mBD4, and both might participate in the control of mycobacterial growth.