gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical characterization and application of Weibull statistics to the strength of softwood lignin‐based carbon fibers (2013)

ABSTRACT Mechanical characterization of the first generation of softwood kraft lignin‐based carbon fibers (CF) was carried out. The single‐fiber tensile tests of filaments with different diameters and length were performed to evaluate stiffness and strength of carbon fibers. The average mechanical properties were measured as follows: tensile strength of approximately 300 MPa, the elastic modulus of 30 GPa and a strain at failure within interval of 0.7–1.2%. The fiber strength data was evaluated by the two‐parameter Weibull statistics and parameters of this distribution were obtained. Although strength of the produced fibers is still significantly lower than that of commercially available, the experimental results and predictions based on Weibull statistics show a fairly good fit. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3689–3697, 2013
Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Triflates and Importance of Triflate Addition Rate (1997)

We report that a combination of DPPF (1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene) and Pd(dba)2 leads to the amination of aryl triflates, a reaction that allows for the conversion of phenols to arylamines. A combination of BINAP and Pd(dba)2 also catalyzes the amination of aryl triflates, but P(o-tolyl)3 complexes were not effective catalysts. In some cases, slow addition of the aryl triflate was necessary to prevent cleavage of the triflate and generation of phenol. We found that added halide, necessary in some cross-coupling chemistry of aryl sulfonates, was an unnecessary additive and even inhibited the amination chemistry.
Road Nail: Intelligent road marking system testbed (2010)

In this paper we present Road Nail, an intelligent road marking system with the wireless network of signaling devices that are mounted near the road edge. “Nails” or signaling devices are autonomous nodes with capability to accumulate electrical energy into battery which is obtained from solar panels. In addition, the nodes exchange wireless messages, detect approaching vehicles and emit signalization light. We have built an experimental testbed that consists of 20 nodes and a cellular gateway. In this paper, implementation details of the above system, including extensive measurements and performance evaluations in realistic field deployments are presented.
1904 (1985)

The tour grew as it went, from the twenty-five concerts originally announced to some sixty concerts in Australasia. Return seasons were added in Sydney and Melbourne after the New Zealand segment: three concerts in Sydney, 12–15 December, and three in Melbourne, 17–19 December, with a brief tour of Gippsland before Christmas. Rose was in Melbourne when Percy arrived back on 16 December. The New Year saw the great Popular Concerts in Melbourne and Adelaide. The day after the Adelaide concert the party boarded ship for Perth. Rose, having travelled to Adelaide with Percy, stayed on there while he went to the West. They met in Albany on 22 January. The S.S. Wakool left Albany for South Africa on 23 January 1904.KeywordsVillage DoctorChief ArchitectEvening ConcertMusical PublicReturn SeasonThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Predator-Prey Systems in Pest Management (1991)

The use of chemical pesticides frequently causes minor pests to become serious problems by disturbing the natural controls that keep them in check. As a result, it is possible to suffer heavier crop losses after pesticides are introduced than before their introduction. Efficient use of pesticides requires complete biological modeling that takes the appropriate predator-prey relationships into account. A bioeconomic model is introduced involving three key species: a primary target pest, a secondary pest, and a natural enemy of the secondary pest. Optimal decision rules are derived and contrasted with myopic decision making, which treats the predator-prey system as an externality. The issue of resistance in the secondary pest is examined briefly.
Effect of Thermal Protectants on the Stability of Bovine Milk Immunoglobulin G (1998)

pH stability, thermal stability, and the effect of homogenization and ultrasonic treatment on the stability of bovine milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) in model systems was studied. Separated IgG (0.02 mg/mL) was found to be unstable and susceptible to denaturation when incubated at pH <4 or >10 or thermally treated at temperature >75 °C. IgG in the colostrum, on the other hand, was found to be much more stable than in whey or in PBS when thermally treated at temperatures in the range of 75−100 °C. The residual IgG content reduced more sharply with increasing heating times, and almost no IgG content was detected when IgG in PBS (0.15 M NaCl/0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) was heated at 95 °C for 15 s, whereas the corresponding residual IgG contents in whey and colostrum were found to be 42 and 59%, respectively. For IgG in PBS heated at 95 °C for 15 s, addition of 5% fructose or maltose displayed most remarkable protection effects by raising the residual IgG content to 31%, followed by sucrose, lactose, glucose, and galactose. However, extravagant addition (>30%) to IgG in PBS led to a decline in residual IgG content. Addition of 0.4% glutamic acid and 2% glycine to IgG in PBS heated at 95 °C for 15 s also remarkably improved the residual IgG content by 13.5 and 26.7%, respectively. Glycerol and sugar alcohol, such as sorbitol, stabilized IgG during the thermal treatment. Keywords: Bovine milk immunoglobulin G (IgG); stability; thermal protectant; amino acid; sugar
Molecular and functional characterization of polymorphisms in the secreted phospholipase A2 group X gene: relevance to coronary artery disease (2009)

Among secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s), human group X sPLA2 (hGX sPLA2) is emerging as a novel attractive therapeutic target due to its implication in inflammatory diseases. To elucidate whether hGX sPLA2 plays a causative role in coronary artery disease (CAD), we screened the human PLA2G10 gene to identify polymorphisms and possible associations with CAD end-points in a prospective study, AtheroGene. We identified eight polymorphisms, among which, one non-synonymous polymorphism R38C in the propeptide region of the sPLA2. The T-512C polymorphism located in the 5' untranslated region was associated with a decreased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events during follow-up. The functional analysis of the R38C polymorphism showed that it leads to a profound change in expression and activity of hGX sPLA2, although there was no detectable impact on CAD risk. Due to the potential role of hGX sPLA2 in inflammatory processes, these polymorphisms should be investigated in other inflammatory diseases.
Transition metal-promoted cyclization reactions of nitrile ligands in complexes of platinum(II): synthesis of 2-oxazoline derivatives and x-ray structure of cis-Cl2Pt[cyclic N=C(Ph)OCH2]2 (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition metal-promoted cyclization reactions of nitrile ligands in complexes of platinum(II): synthesis of 2-oxazoline derivatives and x-ray structure of cis-Cl2Pt[cyclic N=C(Ph)OCH2]2Rino A. Michelin, Roberta Bertani, Mirto Mozzon, Gabriella Bombieri, Franco Benetollo, and Robert J. AngeliciCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 6, 1751–1757Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00052a021https://doi.org/10.1021/om00052a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Standardization and Evaluation of Botanical Mixtures: Lessons from a Traditional Chinese Herb, <i>Epimedium</i> , with Oestrogenic Properties (2007)

Botanical extracts differ from conventional supplements in that they are complicated mixtures of many bioactive compounds. Here we describe our experience with a traditional Chinese medicinal plant Epimedium sp. to illustrate the scientific challenges of firstly, obtaining a standardized product from a complex mixture and secondly, evaluating that product for preclinical and clinical efficacy. In contrast, to its colloquial name 'Horny goat weed' and Internet advertisements as a herbal 'Viagra' for men, extracts of Epimedium are strongly oestrogenic due to the presence of novel potent phytoestrogens of the prenyl-flavone family. Since Epimedium is not cultivated, it was necessary to source for taxonomically identified samples and to authenticate their species by phylogenetic, chemical and bioresponse profiling. The feasibility of using a panel of oestrogen-responsive cell-based bioassays to measure summated oestrogenic effects at close time points for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling was evaluated. We document proportionate oestrogenic responses in sera of animals fed oestrogenic drugs and botanical extracts, indicating that these target molecule responsive cell-based bioassays may have utility to capture the global effects of the myriad bioactive compounds in botanical extracts, informing the design of rigorous clinical trials for safety and efficacy.
Selective <i>N</i>-Arylation of Aminobenzanilides under Mild Conditions Using Triarylbismuthanes (2000)

Diarylamines are prepared selectively in good yields under mild conditions by treatment of aminobenzanilides with triarylbismuthanes in the presence of copper(II) acetate and triethylamine. Arylation under these conditions occurs preferentially at the amino- rather than the amide-nitrogen of the benzanilide. Thus, heating an aminobenzanilide in dichloromethane under reflux in the presence of 1 equiv each of a triarylbismuthane, triethylamine, and copper(II) acetate affords the diarylamine in good yields. This method thereby provides a mild and expeditious route to functionalized diarylamines.
Blind Bandwidth Extension Based on Convolutional and Recurrent Deep Neural Networks (2018)

A blind bandwidth extension (BBWE) expands the bandwidth of telephone speech which often is limited to 0.2 to 3.4 kHz. The advantage is an increased perceived quality as well as an increased intelligibility. This work presents a BBWE similar to state-of-the-art bandwidth extensions like Intelligent Gap Filling with the difference that all processing is done in the decoder without the need of transmitting extra bits. Parameters like spectral envelope are estimated by a regressive Convolutional Deep Neuronal Network (CNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM). The system operates on frames of 20 ms without additional algorithmic delay and can be applied in state-of-the-art speech and audio codecs.
Sort-Merge Feature Selection for Video Data (2003)

Applying existing feature selection algorithms to video classification is impractical. A novel algorithm called Basic Sort-Merge Tree (BSMT) is proposed to choose a very small subset of features for video classification in linear time in the number of features. We reduce the cardinality of the input data by sorting the individual features by their effectiveness in categorization, and then merging pairwise these features into feature sets of cardinality two. Repeating this Sort-Merge process several times results in the learning of a small-cardinality, efficient, but highly accurate feature set. As the wrapper model, this paper exploits a novel combination of Fastmap for dimensionality reduction and Mahalanobis distance for likelihood determination. The time complexity of this induction part is linear in the number of training data. We provide theoretical proof of time cost and empirical validation of the accuracy.
Potential-driven load distribution for distributed data stream processing (2008)

A large class of applications require real-time processing of continuous stream data resulting in the development of data stream management systems (DSMS). Since many of these applications are distributed, distributed DSMSs are starting to receive attention. In this paper, we focus on an important issue in distributed DSMS operation, namely load distribution to minimize end-to-end latency. We identify the often conflicting requirements of load distribution, and propose a "potential-driven" load distribution approach to mimic the movements of objects in the physical world. Our approach also takes into account heterogeneous machines, different network conditions, and resource constraints. We present experimental results that investigate our algorithms from various aspects, and show that they outperform existing techniques in terms of end-to-end latency.
DS/SS/GMSK with differential detection over multipath Rayleigh fading channels (2002)

This paper deals with performance evaluation of CDMA based on DS/SS/GMSK signaling with the differential detection over multipath Rayleigh fading channels. To demodulate DS/SS/GMSK signals, we consider differential detection, which does not need a carrier recovery. The bit-error-rate performance is evaluated in the presence of thermal noise and multiple-access interferences under the multipath Rayleigh fading environment.
MEMS directional sound sensor with simultaneous detection of two frequency bands (2010)

Conventional directional sound sensing systems use an array of spatially separated microphones to achieve directional sensing by monitoring the arrival times and amplitudes at each microphone. The directional accuracy is then determined by the spatial separation of the microphones. In contrast, the Ormia ochracea fly's ears are separated by merely 500 μm yet have remarkable sensitivity to the direction of sound even at wavelengths two orders of magnitude greater than the size of the fly's hearing structure. The fly uses a unique system which consists of two identical wings hinged at the center to determine the direction of sound. Recently, our group demonstrated a MEMS-based directional sound sensor modeled on the hearing system of the fly. The sensor response has two resonant modes (rocking and bending) and a strong response was only achieved at the bending frequency since the amplitude of the rocking mode depends on the tiny pressure difference between the two wings. In this paper, we report achievement of dual-band sensing using asymmetric wings to enhance the response at the rocking frequency. The fabricated sensor showed nearly equal responses at the rocking and bending frequencies.
Neurological deterioration in late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (2007)

The data suggest that the Weill Cornell late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) scale, together with several of the MRI measurements, may be useful in the assessment of severity and progression of LINCL and for the evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies.
How to Evaluate the Effect of Mud Cake on Cement Bond Quality of Second Interface? (2007)

Abstract A set of HPHT core filter press and a special manmade core have been designed to simulate the bond quality of second interface of cement job, i.e. the bond status between borehole wall rock contains mud cake and slurry, mud cake has formed on the rock at HPHT conditions. The filter press consists of three parts: heating jacket, HPHT cauldron and core holder, and the center of special manmade core has been drilled a disconnected hole as filtration outlet of drilling fluid. The drilling fluid only can filtrate from the outer wall of the special core to that of inner wall and form mud cake at the outer wall when carrying out filtration experiment of drilling fluid, so this bond status is in agreement with downhole condition. Slurry bond mold has been combined with HPHT core filter press, a novel method for evaluating the bond quality of second interface of cementing has been developed, and the method has been used to measure the shear bond strength between manmade core and slurry. In order to verify the rationality of the method, it has been applied to evaluate the effects of three drilling fluids on the second interface after mud cake formed on the special core. High flow rate washing before cementing has been simulated to wash manmade core after HPHT filtration experiment. The study shows that the novel method is simple, scientific and rational, better simulates the bond status of cement-formation interface; the mud cake has a pronounced affect on the shear bond strength; this method has high applied value, and develops a good foundation for studying the effect of drilling fluids upon the bond strength of second interface quantitatively; high flow rate washing before cementing is helpful for improving the bond quality of cement to formation.
Excitation of short-range surface-plasmon polaritons in a gold nanowire enhanced step-index fiber (2017)

Summary form only given. Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) enable extreme device miniaturization via deeply sub-wavelength electromagnetic field confinements [1]. Conventional coupling techniques typically require phase matching or mode-matching, which is challenging at sub-wavelength dimensions. Here, we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a novel near-field hybrid fiber [2, 3] nanoprobe for the efficient excitation of short-range (SR) SPPs on a metallic nanowire which has a sub-10 nm nanotip at its end. A device schematic is shown in Fig. 1(a): a gold nanowire (NW) (radius: ~300 nm, length: 80 μm) is incorporated into a (few-mode) step-index fiber with a central nanochannel, and protrudes from the endface forming a nanotip (Fig. 1(a) inset). Finite element calculations (Fig. 1(b)) show that a doughnut-shape mode is transmitted, but only a radially polarized (RP) mode induces an accumulation of energy at the apex of the nanotip via a hybrid mode, which contains energy on the wire surface. The experimental characterization relies on launching broadband azimuthally polarized (AP) [3] or RP (500-750 nm) light into the sample and analysing the far-field scattered and transmitted power. Figure 1(c) shows a typical side-scattered image (perpendicular to the fiber axis), showing the SR-SPPs excited on the tip. For an RP input mode the scattered intensity is maximal, and for an azimuthally polarized (AP) input it is mininal, with the transmitted power being independent on the input polarization. We analysed the scattered power as a function of the angle of a linear polarizer (LP) inserted between sample and camera (Fig. 1(e)) for a RP input, and observed a clear maximum when the LP is parallel to the fiber axis, confirming a longitudinally polarization state of the light emitted by the nanotip, characteristic of a plasmonic mode on a nanotip. This hybrid plasmonic fiber device can both deliver and collect broadband subwavelength radiation to and from the apex of a nanotip; in collection mode, light would efficiently couple from the plasmonic mode into the dielectric core. This device will find applications in near-field microscopy and nanophotonics, and can potentially offer significantly improved resolution compared to current SNOM tips [5].
Integrated optics approach for advanced semiconductor lasers (1987)

Recent advances in the field of semiconductor integrated optics are reviewed from the point of view of monolithic integration of semiconductor lasers and other optical components and/or devices. Emphasis is placed on dynamic-single-mode (DSM) lasers, such as DFB and DBR lasers, intended for highly stable single-wavelength light sources for such monolithic integration. The realization of high-performance DSM lasers and the fabrication techniques of monolithically integrated optical devices and circuits are briefly reviewed. A variety of potential applications is discussed.
Worm propagation strategies in an IPv6 Internet (2006)

In recent years, the Internet has been plagued by a number of worms. One popular mechanism that worms use to detect vulnerable targets is random IP address-space probing. This is feasible in the current Internet due to the use of 32-bit addresses, which allow fast-operating worms to scan the entire address space in a matter of a few hours. The question has arisen whether or not their spread will be affected by the deployment of IPv6. In particular, it has been suggested that the 128-bit IPv6 address space (relative to the current 32-bit IPv4 address space) will make life harder for the worm writers: assuming that the total number of hosts on the Internet does not suddenly increase by a similar factor, the work factor for finding a target in an IPv6 Internet will increase by approximately 296, rendering random scanning seemingly prohibitively expensive.
Failure of Selected Endocrine Organ Ablation to Modify the Natriuresis of Blood Volume Expansion in the Dog (1977)

1. Selected organ-ablation experiments were performed in dogs in an attempt to identify the source of the natriuretic hormone postulated to participate in the natriuresis of blood volume expansion. 2. An isolated dog kidney perfused with blood from the femoral artery of deoxycorticosterone-loaded dogs subjected to acute volume expansion with equilibrated blood served as the bioassay system for the natriuretic factor. Four groups were studied after the following procedures: group I, no ablation; group II, thyroparathyroidectomy; group III, hypophysectomy; group IV, adrenalectomy. 3. In all groups, the administration of equilibrated blood promoted a significant increase in sodium chloride excretion in the isolated kidney. The natriuresis was unrelated to changes in glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, renal arterial pressure, plasma protein concentration or packed cell volume. In the absence of volume expansion, sodium chloride excretion in the isolated kidney did not change or decreased. 4. These results argue against the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands as the source of natriuretic hormone.
Analysis of Carotenoid Glycosides Produced in Gram-negative Bactera by Introduction of the Erwinia uredovora Carotenoid Biosynthesis Genes. (1991)

Carotenoid glycosides are considered to protect cells against photooxidative damage by activated oxygen plus visible light,l) or to stabilize a membraneenvironment, similarly to the function of sterols in eucaryotic cells.2) Recently the genes required for the biosynthesis of this
The intelligent network-fact or fantasy? (1993)

Some of the facts about intelligent networks (IN) are listed, along with an assessment of the hopes of IN that have not yet materialised. The intelligent network combines applications provided on computers with telephone switching networks. Development in the IN has focused on providing an evolving service-independent architecture that allows new services to be delivered quickly to networks. The author finishes by looking at some of the key issues to be solved to allow the goals of IN to end up as facts rather than fantasies.