gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of atrial contraction, atrioventricular interaction and heart valve dynamics on human cardiovascular system response (2005)

Various simulation models of different complexity have been proposed to model the dynamic response of the human cardiovascular system. In a related paper we proposed an improved numerical model to study the dynamic response of the cardiovascular system, and the pressures, volumes and flow-rates in the four chambers of the heart, which included the effects of atrial contraction, atrioventricular interaction, and heart valve dynamics. This paper investigates the effects of each one of these aspects of the model on the overall dynamic system response. The dynamic response is studied under different situations, with and without including the effect of various features of the model, and these situations are studied and compared among themselves and to detailed aspects of expected healthy-system response. As an important contribution with potential clinical applications, this paper examines the corresponding effects of atrioventricular interaction, and heart valve opening and closing dynamics to the general system dynamic response. This isolation of physical cause-effect relationships is difficult to study with purely experimental methods. The simulation results agree well with results in the open literature. Comparison shows that introduction of these new features greatly improves the simulation accuracy of the effects of a, v and c waves, and in predicting regurgitant valve flow, the dichrotic notch, and E/A velocity ratio.
Growth factors, silver dressings and negative pressure wound therapy in the management of hard-to-heal postoperative wounds in obstetrics and gynecology: a review (2015)

Literature review regarding the use of growth factors, NPWT and silver dressings suggests that these methods may play an important role in the management of wounds after invasive obstetric and gynecological procedures. Obese patients, patients after vulvectomy or prior radiation therapy may benefit most, however, due to non-numerous randomized reports, prospective studies on the use of above-mentioned methods in the treatment of postsurgical wounds following obstetric and gynecological interventions are required.
Models for visualization in parallel debuggers (1989)

The complexity of parallel programming has stimulated the development of a variety of debugging tools. This survey of recent research focuses on debugger visualization systems. The effectiveness of such systems is bounded by the degree to which their representations of run-time behavior correlate with the language structures used to incorporate parallelism, as well as the logical framework adopted by the programmer. Current visualization systems are compared with the conceptual models supported by parallel languages. Attention is drawn to the fact that debuggers are tied to specific models and that this association may restrict their usefulness and acceptability.
Levodopa‐induced dyskinesias (2007)

Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are common and difficult to treat. This review focuses on three issues related to LID: clinical features, classification and rating, pathophysiology and pathogenesis, and management. The three primary clinical syndromes are OFF-period dystonia, peak-dose dyskinesia, and diphasic dyskinesia. Several other forms also occur, making the evaluation and choice of treatment complicated. A core component of the pathophysiology of LID is overactivity of the direct striatal output pathway. This pathway provides a direct GABAergic connection by which the striatum inhibits the output regions of the basal ganglia, i.e., the internal globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Altering dopaminergic dosing and timing can abate dyskinesias, but usually impact the control of parkinsonism. Putative therapies to reduce the problem of dyskinesias could focus on the glutamatergic, GABAergic, alpha2 adrenergic, serotonergic (5HT1A, 5HT2A), opioid, histamine H3, adenosine A2A receptors, the monoamine transport or cannabinoid CB1 receptors systems. The only currently available drug with an evidence-based recommendation on efficacy for dyskinesia is amantadine. Therapy goals include the prevention of dyskinesia and treatment of dyskinesias that are troublesome clinically. New rating measures to assess severity and disability related to dyskinesia are in the process of development and clinimetric testing.
Nonlinear algorithms for fast and robust control of electrical drives (1986)

Several new nonlinear algorithms for speed control of electrical drives are developed. They are compared with the algorithms for integral-proportional (I-P) control, sliding mode control (SLM) and adaptive control which uses the torque and parameter observer. To achieve fast and robust response, all algorithms use very large gains. In a new, variable limit PI (VLPI) control algorithm, integrator windup is completely prevented by using a high gain, "variable dead zone" nonlinearity as a local feedback over the integrator. Recently proposed soft variable structure (SVS) control, derived by using the Liapunov direct method, is modified so that the algorithm can be implemented with only the output measurements. Proper operation is achieved for any value of the output variable. The new control is very robust, but exhibits a steady state error. Two versions of the adaptive PI (API) control algorithm are developed that have fast and robust transient response with zero steady state error. The SVS API version operates similarly as the modified SVS control, but does not have its drawbacks. The SLM API version operates like the SLM control during large transients, and like VLPI control when close to the steady state. The local stability of the control is proved using the "small gain theorem". Its global behavior is analyzed by describing functions. Very good operation of the SVS API speed control within the proportional position loop is demonstrated. Faster transient response is achieved by implementing the SLM adaptive proportional control in the position loop. The operation is the same as the operation of the SLM API control in the speed loop. Similarity between modified SVS control, and classical adaptive algorithms is shown. API control, All the algorithms are simulated and compared for twofold and tenfold changes in plant parameters. The experimental verification of the results for I-P control, SLM control, and modified SVS control, are presented. Theory of the new algorithms is general, such that the results are applicable to any SISO plant that can be stabilized.
Results and Analysis of Using the MEDLL Receiver as a (2000)

The Multipath Estimating Delay-Lock-Loop (MEDLL) is a method for mitigating the effects due to multipath within the receiver tracking loops. Recently the MEDLL receiver was modified to output the multipath parameters, hence the name ‘Multipath Meter’. These parameters include the delay, relative amplitude, and phase of the multipath signal along with the residual values for each correlator. The multipath parameters are estimated by the MEDLL and the residuals indicate the quality estimation process. This paper investigates how the Multipath Meter can be used in real-time monitoring of the GPS signal. Using a GPS simulator the MEDLL receiver is tested to determine how accurately the multipath parameters can be measured. Also, data is collected from an antenna location on the roof of the NovAtel facility at Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Two specific situations are focused on: short delay and long delay multipath. Results show that the Multipath Meter is useful for signal quality monitoring and reference site surveys.
Novel Organization of the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome <i>mec</i> Composite Island and Its Horizontal Transfer between Distinct Staphylococcus aureus Genotypes (2013)

In this study, 425 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered in the Dutch-German Euregio were investigated for the presence of the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME). Sequence analysis by whole-genome sequencing revealed an entirely new organization of the ACME-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec composite island (SCCmec-CI), with truncated ACME type II located downstream of SCCmec. An identical nucleotide sequence of ACME-SCCmec-CI was found in two distinct MRSA lineages (t064-ST8 and t002-ST5), which has not been reported previously in S. aureus.
Multilocus Sequence Typing as a Replacement for Serotyping in Salmonella enterica (2012)

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica is traditionally subdivided into serovars by serological and nutritional characteristics. We used Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) to assign 4,257 isolates from 554 serovars to 1092 sequence types (STs). The majority of the isolates and many STs were grouped into 138 genetically closely related clusters called eBurstGroups (eBGs). Many eBGs correspond to a serovar, for example most Typhimurium are in eBG1 and most Enteritidis are in eBG4, but many eBGs contained more than one serovar. Furthermore, most serovars were polyphyletic and are distributed across multiple unrelated eBGs. Thus, serovar designations confounded genetically unrelated isolates and failed to recognize natural evolutionary groupings. An inability of serotyping to correctly group isolates was most apparent for Paratyphi B and its variant Java. Most Paratyphi B were included within a sub-cluster of STs belonging to eBG5, which also encompasses a separate sub-cluster of Java STs. However, diphasic Java variants were also found in two other eBGs and monophasic Java variants were in four other eBGs or STs, one of which is in subspecies salamae and a second of which includes isolates assigned to Enteritidis, Dublin and monophasic Paratyphi B. Similarly, Choleraesuis was found in eBG6 and is closely related to Paratyphi C, which is in eBG20. However, Choleraesuis var. Decatur consists of isolates from seven other, unrelated eBGs or STs. The serological assignment of these Decatur isolates to Choleraesuis likely reflects lateral gene transfer of flagellar genes between unrelated bacteria plus purifying selection. By confounding multiple evolutionary groups, serotyping can be misleading about the disease potential of S. enterica. Unlike serotyping, MLST recognizes evolutionary groupings and we recommend that Salmonella classification by serotyping should be replaced by MLST or its equivalents.
Studies of a low-noise laminar flow torch for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Part 2. Noise power studies and interference effects (1987)

Noise power spectra of emission signals from the laminar flow torch (LFT) designed in our laboratory and a conventional tangential flow torch (TFT) are presented and described. It is shown that the fundamental frequency of rotation in a conventional torch is completely removed in the laminar flow torch. Moreover, the use of an extended torch is essential in removing air entrainment effects and also for the maintenance of undisturbed laminar flow. The interference effects of phosphate and sodium on calcium emission are assessed in the laminar flow torch and compared with those in a conventional torch. Phosphate interference is not observed in the laminar flow torch while the effect of sodium on calcium emission is shown to be of the same magnitude in both torches.
Implementation of ultra-low latency dynamic bandwidth allocation method for TDM-PON (2016)

This paper proposes a new dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) method with low latency for campus area networks (Campus-LANs) and mobile fronthaul (MFH) based on time division multiplexing passive optical network (TDM-PON). These network systems require low latency of under 100 µs and priority control. The proposed method involves only two steps for allocation. The DBA cycle value, which is proportional to the latency, can be minimized because this method is very simple and appropriate for hardware (H/W) implementation. We implemented the proposed DBA on 10G-EPON MAC SoC and evaluated the allocation results and the latency on the 10G-EPON system. Our DBA offers ultra-low latency of 60 µs with priority control.
Automatic Calibration of a Range Sensor and Camera System (2012)

We propose an automated method to recover the full calibration parameters between a 3D range sensor and a monocular camera system. Our method is not only accurate and fully automated, but also relies on a simple calibration target consisting of a single circle. This allows the algorithm to be suitable for applications requiring in-situ calibration. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm on a camera-lidar system and show results on 3D mapping tasks.
Follistatin is critical for mouse uterine receptivity and decidualization (2017)

Embryo implantation remains a significant challenge for assisted reproductive technology, with implantation failure occurring in ∼50% of in vitro fertilization attempts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying uterine receptivity will enable the development of new interventions and biomarkers. TGFβ family signaling in the uterus is critical for establishing and maintaining pregnancy. Follistatin (FST) regulates TGFβ family signaling by selectively binding TGFβ family ligands and sequestering them. In humans, FST is up-regulated in the decidua during early pregnancy, and women with recurrent miscarriage have lower endometrial expression of FST during the luteal phase. Because global knockout of <i>Fst</i> is perinatal lethal in mice, we generated a conditional knockout (cKO) of <i>Fst</i> in the uterus using progesterone receptor-cre to study the roles of uterine <i>Fst</i> during pregnancy. Uterine <i>Fst</i>-cKO mice demonstrate severe fertility defects and deliver only 2% of the number of pups delivered by control females. In <i>Fst</i>-cKO mice, the uterine luminal epithelium does not respond properly to estrogen and progesterone signals and remains unreceptive to embryo attachment by continuing to proliferate and failing to differentiate. The uterine stroma of <i>Fst</i>-cKO mice also responds poorly to artificial decidualization, with lower levels of proliferation and differentiation. In the absence of uterine FST, activin B expression and signaling are up-regulated, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals are impaired. Our findings support a model in which repression of activin signaling by FST enables uterine receptivity by preserving critical BMP signaling.
Selective removal of anti-DNA and anticardiolipin antibodies by adsorbent plasmapheresis using dextran sulfate columns in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. (1991)

The effect of adsorbent plasmapheresis using dextran sulfate columns on anti-DNA and/or anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in 6 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied by multicenter clinical trials. The titers of anti-DNA (RI assay), IgG anti-dsDNA (ELISA), IgG and/or IgM anti-ssDNA, (ELISA), and IgG aCL (ELISA) significantly decreased or normalized after 4 treatments of plasmapheresis during a 2 to 4 week period. A patient with SLE with recurrent abortion and aCL who was successfully treated by adsorbent plasmapheresis is reported. We expect that adsorbent plasmapheresis will be an influential treatment for patients with not only SLE but aCL syndrome.
Predicting Occurrence of Spine Surgery Complications Using “Big Data” Modeling of an Administrative Claims Database (2016)

We believe that the development of a predictive modeling tool illustrating the risk of complication occurrence after spine surgery will aid in patient counseling and improve the accuracy of risk modeling strategies.
Why optimistic message logging has not been used in telecommunications systems (2002)

Much of the literature on message logging and checkpointing in the past decade has been based on a so-called optimistic approach that places more emphasis on failure-free overhead than recovery efficiency. Our experience has shown that most telecommunications systems use a pessimistic approach because the main purpose of using message logging and checkpointing is to achieve fast and localized recovery, and the failure-free overhead of a pessimistic approach can often be made reasonably low by exploiting application-specific information.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
RAIDframe: A Rapid Prototyping Tool for RAID Systems (1997)

Redundant disk arrays provide highly-available, high-performance disk storage to a wide variety of applications. Because these applications often have distinct cost, performance, capacity, and availability requirements, researchers continue to develop new array architectures. RAIDframe was developed to assist researchers in the implementation and evaluation of these new architectures. It was designed specifically to reduce the burden of implementation by restricting code changes to mapping, algorithms and other functions that are known to be specific to an array architecture. Algorithms are executed using a general mechanism which automates the recovery from device errors, such as a failed disk read. RAIDframe enables a single implementation to be evaluated in a self-contained simulator, or against real disks as either a user process or a functional device driver. 1995, 1996, Carnegie Mellon University. All rights reserved. This research is supported in part by the National Science Foundation through the Data Storage Systems Center, an NSF engineering research center, under grant number ECD-8907068 and an AT&amp;T fellowship. It is also supported in part by industry members of the Parallel DataConsortium, including: Hewlett-Packard, Data General Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation, International Business Machines, Seagate Technology, Storage Technology, and Symbios Logic. Keywords: disk array, storage, architecture, simulation, directed acyclic graph, software. RAIDframe: A Rapid Prototyping Tool for RAID Systems v Version 1.0 6/24/96
Display of ordinary transmission holograms with a white light source (1986)

A method for displaying ordinary transmission holograms with a white light source is described, based on compensating the color dispersion in a broad band of the visible spectrum. Although some degree of image blur remains because of the size of the source, sharp and bright images at 30 cm from the hologram plane have been reconstructed.
An Efficient Filter-based Addressing Protocol for Autoconfiguration of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

Address autoconfiguration is an important issue for ad hoc networks in order to provide autonomous networking and self-management. The IP address assignment for ad hoc nodes requires a distributed procedure that resolves all the address collisions in a dynamic network with fading channels, frequent partitions, and joining/leaving nodes. We propose a filter-based addressing protocol for autoconfiguration of mobile ad hoc networks that is lightweight and robust to packet losses. We present a probabilistic analysis of address collisions and discuss filters functionalities in the address autoconfiguration. We evaluate the performance of our protocol for static and mobile scenarios, considering joining nodes and partition mergings. Simulation results show that our protocol resolves all the address collisions and reduces up to 22 times the control traffic when compared to the other addressing protocols.
The pH dependence of naturally occurring low-spin forms of methaemoglobin and metmyoglobin: an EPR study (2000)

The paramagnetic species in human metHb and horse metmyoglobin (metMb) have been studied at low temperature using EPR spectroscopy. The high-spin (HS) haem signal in aquometMb has a greater rhombic distortion than the HS metHb signal. Nevertheless, the individual line width (g=6) is smaller in metMb than in metHb, consistent with non-identical signals from the alpha and beta Hb subunits. Three low-spin (LS) haem forms are present in metHb, while metMb has only two. The major LS form in both proteins is the alkaline species (with OH(-) at the sixth co-ordination position). The minor LS forms are assigned to different histidine hemichromes in equilibrium with the normal HS species at low temperature. LS forms disappear when the haem is bound by a ligand, such as fluoride, which ensures 100% occupancy of the HS state both at room temperature and at 25 K. The small differences in effective g-factors of the histidine hemichromes are interpreted in terms of different distances between the distal histidine and haem iron. The pH dependence of the inter-conversion of the different paramagnetic species is consistent with a model whereby protonation of a residue with a pK of 5.69 (metHb) or 6.12 (metMb), affects ligand binding and transformation from the HS to the LS form. Chemical and spectroscopic considerations suggest that the residue is unlikely to be the proximal or distal histidine. We therefore propose a model where protonation of this distant amino acid causes a conformational change at the iron site. Identical effects are seen in frozen human blood, suggesting that this effect may have physiological significance.
Polymorphisms in the Human Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Gene<i>EPHX2</i>Linked to Neuronal Survival after Ischemic Injury (2007)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human EPHX2 gene have recently been implicated in susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, including stroke. EPHX2 encodes for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), an important enzyme in the metabolic breakdown of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids referred to as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). We previously demonstrated that EETs are protective against ischemic cell death in culture. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the human EPHX2 gene alter sEH enzyme activity and affect neuronal survival after ischemic injury in vitro. Human EPHX2 mutants were recreated by site-directed mutagenesis and fused downstream of TAT protein transduction domain. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry staining revealed high-transduction efficiency of human TAT-sEH variants in rat primary cultured cortical neurons, associated with increased metabolism of 14,15-EET to corresponding 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid. A human variant of sEH with Arg103Cys amino acid substitution, previously demonstrated to increase sEH enzymatic activity, was associated with increased cell death induced in cortical neurons by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and reoxygenation. In contrast, the Arg287Gln mutation was associated with reduced sEH activity and protection from OGD-induced neuronal cell death. We conclude that sequence variations in the human EPHX2 gene alter susceptibility to ischemic injury and neuronal survival in a manner linked to changes in the hydrolase activity of the enzyme. The findings suggest that human EPHX2 mutations may in part explain the genetic variability in sensitivity to ischemic brain injury and stroke outcome.