gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method for the detection of significant bacteriuria in large groups of patients (1964)

A measured area of blotting paper was used as a vehicle for transferring a constant aliquot of urine on to the surface of a culture medium. The number of bacterial colonies growing in the inoculum area of the medium corresponded to the number of organisms in the urine. One thousand, two hundred and seventy-five urines from women attending an ante-natal clinic were tested by this method, and the results compared with the results of quantitative bacterial counting and of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (T.T.C.) tests. The method was found to be a simple, cheap, and reliable way of screening urine specimens for significant bacteriuria.
Force sensing micro-forceps with integrated fiber Bragg grating for vitreoretinal surgery (2012)

Vitreoretinal surgery is a technically demanding ophthalmologic discipline. One of the main technical challenges in vitreoretinal surgery is the lack of force sensing since the surgical maneuvers fall below the human sensory threshold. Previously, a 2-degree-of-freedom (DOF) force sensing instrument with a surgical pick was developed and tested. However, a more commonly used instrument for vitreoretinal surgery is the forceps, with which a surgeon can easily grasp and delaminate the scar tissue. We have designed, fabricated and calibrated a novel 20-gauge (Ga) microsurgical instrument with a 2-DOF force sensing forceps. Three fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are integrated into the customized Alcon<sup>TM</sup> forceps tip. The redundant sensor configuration provides good compensation for temperature-related drift. The calibration data show that the tool can provide a force resolution of 0.25 mN. In order to test the functionality and performance, the forceps was evaluated in inner shell membrane peeling experiments with chicken embryos as well as in in-vivo rabbit experiments. The instrument has demonstrated the capability of being applied in the clinical environment, with consistent force measurements. The force exerted in inner shell membrane peeling is from 6.07 to 34.65 mN. The development of the 2-DOF force sensing micro-forceps has shown that the fabrication process is feasible and reliable, and it can be used to develop a future 3-DOF force sensing tool.
NF- B activation and iNOS upregulation in skeletal muscle of patients with COPD and low body weight (2004)

NF-kappaB activation and iNOS induction occur in skeletal muscle of COPD patients with low body weight. These changes might contribute to the molecular pathogenesis of cachexia in COPD.
Calculating the Raman pump distribution to achieve minimum gain ripple (2002)

A procedure is presented for calculating the optimum Raman pump wavelengths and powers for a discrete set of lasers and for a pump continuum. Theoretical results in the continuum case shown that broad-band gain with extremely low ripple can be obtained.
Generating Abstractions for Visualization (1992)

Modern technology allows us to view our programs through the visual representations that we normally use to describe and understand them. We are currently developing a new visualization system that will take advantage of today''s technology to provide a flexible interface to a wide range of program visualizations. This system will allow the programmer to define visualizations as abstractions using queries over an object-oriented database of information about program. These abstractions can then be visualized and browsed using easily defined type-based mapping and a generic filtering mechanism. This paper details the mechanisms and techniques we use to integrate the variety of information sources in a software system and to provide the programmer with a simple and convenient interface for defining abstractions.
Lipase‐catalyzed esterification of glycerol and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrate in organic solvent (1993)

Enzymatic synthesis of glycerides from glycerol and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in organic solvent was studied. Optimal conditions for glyceride synthesis by lipases were established. Of the commercially available lipases that were investigated, lipase PS‐30 from Pseudomonas sp. and lipase IM‐60 from Mucor miehei resulted in the highest extent of esterification. Isooctane and hexane were particularly useful organic solvents in glyceride synthesis. The water content in the reaction mixture was of primary importance. For lipase PS‐30 and lipase IM‐60, optimal water contents were 5 and 1%, respectively. Lipases PS‐30 and IM‐60 manifested contrasting positional specificities in glyceride synthesis. Glycerides containing predominantly eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid can be easily synthesized.
Rate Enhancement by Carboxylate Salts in the CuCl, Cu<sub>2</sub>O, and Cu(0) Catalyzed “Living” Radical Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate Initiated with Sulfonyl Chlorides (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTRate Enhancement by Carboxylate Salts in the CuCl, Cu2O, and Cu(0) Catalyzed "Living" Radical Polymerization of Butyl Methacrylate Initiated with Sulfonyl ChloridesM. van der Sluis, B. Barboiu, N. Pesa, and V. PercecView Author Information The W.M. Keck Laboratories for Organic Synthesis, Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202 Cite this: Macromolecules 1998, 31, 26, 9409–9412Publication Date (Web):December 4, 1998Publication History Received28 July 1998Revised19 October 1998Published online4 December 1998Published inissue 1 December 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma9811775https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9811775rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info ()»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Ligands,Organic compounds,Polymerization,Radical polymerization Get e-Alerts
Distinctive Properties of β-Glucosidases and Related Enzymes Derived from a Commercial <i>Aspergillus niger</i> Cellulase (1963)

Eight highly purified beta-glucosidases from Aspergillus niger were compared enzymatically, chemically, and immunologically. Ultraviolet spectra, pH-activity responses, substrate specificities, thermal stabilities, kinetic changes in the viscosity of substrate, Michaelis-Menten parameters, adsorption characteristics on cellulose, and exclusion characteristics on dextran gels were determined. The data indicate that the several components represent distinctly different enzymes in terms of mode of attack on substrate. The concept of partial denaturation of a single enzyme precursor is unable to explain the heterogeneity observed. Comparison of the effect of pH on hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose and cellohexaose suggests that a negative charge center on the substrate has a pronounced inhibitory effect on the enzymes.
Dynamic Histone H3 Acetylation and Methylation at Human Cytomegalovirus Promoters during Replication in Fibroblasts (2008)

ABSTRACT Human cytomegalovirus DNA is packaged in virions without histones but associates with histones upon reaching the nucleus of an infected cell. Since transcription is modulated by the interplay of histone modifications, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation to detect acetylation and methylation of histone H3 at viral promoters at different times during the viral replication cycle. Histone H3 at immediate-early promoters is acetylated at the start of infection, while it is initially methylated at early and late promoters. Acetylation at immediate-early promoters is dynamic, with a high level of activating modifications at 3 and 6 h postinfection (hpi), followed by a marked reduction at 12 hpi. All viral promoters, as well as nonpromoter regions, are modified with activating acetylations at 24 to 72 hpi. The transient reduction in histone H3 acetylation at the major immediate-early promoter depends on the cis -repressive sequence to which the UL122-coded IE2 protein binds. A mutant virus lacking this element exhibited decreased IE2 binding at the major immediate-early promoter and failed to show reduced acetylation of histone H3 residing at this promoter at 12 hpi. Our results demonstrate that cytomegalovirus chromatin undergoes dynamic, promoter-specific histone modifications early in the infectious cycle, after which the entire chromosome becomes highly acetylated.
Binding of Pepsin Inhibitor (S-PI) and Pepsin (1972)

Journal Article Binding of Pepsin Inhibitor (S-PI) and Pepsin Get access Shüzö Satoi, Shüzö Satoi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sawao Murao Sawao Murao Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 36, Issue 3, 1 March 1972, Pages 515–518, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1972.10860283 Published: 01 March 1972 Article history Received: 19 October 1971 Published: 01 March 1972
Concurrent quantification of multiple nanoparticle bound states (2011)

Multiple nanoparticle environmental states can be concurrently quantified using the spectral response of the particles. Such an ability, if translated to the in vivo realm, could provide valuable information about the fate of nanoparticles in vivo or improve the efficacy of nanoparticle based treatments.
Tuning a rotating wave resonator (1995)

Creation of a rotating wave field in a high-Q resonator usually requires the resonator to be tuned to compensate for manufacturing errors. The tuning of a rotating wave resonator is more complicated than that of a common resonator. A theory of tuning rotating wave resonators and a procedure for efficiently carrying out this tuning is presented in this paper, along with the authors’ experience in tuning a rotating TM110 mode in a 1.28 GHz microwave resonator.
A non-linear phase-only algorithm for active sonar signal processing (2002)

In highly reverberant environments the standard signal processing chain for wideband active sonar may be improved by using a phase-only filter to perform replica correlation. Because of the significant distortion of the signal magnitude spectrum, the phase-only filter performs better in such adverse conditions.
Monoclonal anti-β<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic receptor antibodies activate G protein signaling in the absence of β-arrestin recruitment (2013)

Thermostabilized G protein-coupled receptors used as antigens for in vivo immunization have resulted in the generation of functional agonistic anti-β1-adrenergic (β1AR) receptor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The focus of this study was to examine the pharmacology of these antibodies to evaluate their mechanistic activity at β1AR. Immunization with the β1AR stabilized receptor yielded five stable hybridoma clones, four of which expressed functional IgG, as determined in cell-based assays used to evaluate cAMP stimulation. The antibodies bind diverse epitopes associated with low nanomolar agonist activity at β1AR, and they appeared to show some degree of biased signaling as they were inactive in an assay measuring signaling through β-arrestin. In vitro characterization also verified different antibody receptor interactions reflecting the different epitopes on the extracellular surface of β1AR to which the mAbs bind. The anti-β1AR mAbs only demonstrated agonist activity when in dimeric antibody format, but not as the monomeric Fab format, suggesting that agonist activation may be mediated through promoting receptor dimerization. Finally, we have also shown that at least one of these antibodies exhibits in vivo functional activity at a therapeutically-relevant dose producing an increase in heart rate consistent with β1AR agonism.
Comparative Analysis of Virtualization Methods in Big Data Processing (2019)

Cloud computing systems have become widely used for Big Data processing, providing access to a wide variety of computing resources and a greater distribution between multi-clouds. This trend has been strengthened by the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. Virtualization via virtual machines and containers is a traditional way of organization of cloud computing infrastructure. Containerization technology provides a lightweight virtual runtime environment. In addition to the advantages of traditional virtual machines in terms of size and flexibility, containers are particularly important for integration tasks for PaaS solutions, such as application packaging and service orchestration. In this paper, we overview the current state-of-the-art of virtualization and containerization approaches and technologies in the context of Big Data tasks solution. We present the results of studies which compare the efficiency of containerization and virtualization technologies to solve Big Data problems. We also analyze containerized and virtualized services collaboration solutions to support automation of the deployment and execution of Big Data applications in the cloud infrastructure.
Oswald Theodore Avery, 1877-1955 (1956)

Abstract Oswald Theodore Avery, Emeritus Member of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, died in Nashville, Tennessee, on 20 February 1955 at the age of 78. His name calls to mind a slender, affable, neatly dressed man with large brilliant eyes and a smile of welcome. Very early in his career Avery came to be known as ‘The Professor’—or more familiarly ‘Fess’—and he retained this nickname throughout his life even though he eventually gave up lecturing almost entirely. He was indeed ‘The Professor’ by virtue of his gentle wisdom in counsel and of his art as an expositor of science—always spicing his performance with mimicry, pithy remarks, picturesque analogies and verbal pyrotechnics. The appellation ‘The Professor’ symbolizes the extroverted, engaging aspect of Avery’s personality, which made any contact with him such an enjoyable and rewarding experience. To a few of us who saw him in everyday life, however, there was often revealed another aspect of his personality, less obviously pleasurable but with a more haunting quality. We remember a brooding forehead that appeared too heavy for the frail body, a gaze focused inwardly as if unconcerned with the surrounding world, a melancholy figure whistling gently to himself the lonely tune of the shepherd song in ‘Tristan and Isolde’. Avery’s response to the demands of society was made up of these two conflicting attitudes. The telephone would ring announcing a visitor, or bringing an invitation to some social gathering. The reaction was immediately one of joyful acceptance, or of profuse regrets couched in the most flattering language in case of refusal. Then, as the conversation ended, the smiling mask was suddenly dropped. From behind it appeared a tired and almost tortured expression. The telephone was pushed away on the desk as a symbol of lassitude and of protest against the encroaching world.
Incidence of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> Bacteriophages and Other <i>Vibrio</i> Bacteriophages in Marine Samples (1978)

Vibrio bacteriophages were isolated by enrichment from 177 of 643 samples of marine molluscan shellfish, crustaceans, seawater, and sediments. The predominant bacteriophage types isolated were specific for some strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. A high frequency of phage isolations was also observed with strains of agar-digesting vibrios (21 of 56) and psychrophilic vibrios (14 of 72) that were originally isolated from non-shellfish growing areas. No bacteriophages were isolated against V. alginolyticus and only rarely for V. anguillarum even though these were the two most abundant species found in near-shore environments. No V. cholerae phages were isolated. It was also determined from quantitative studies on the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) obtained from two environments in Washington and Oregon that the titers of V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophages increased with increasing seasonal water temperatures and that this was proportional to the increase in numbers of mesophilic vibrios and not with the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus. Titers of V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophages occasionally exceeded 10(6) per g of oyster during the summer months. Specific V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophages were also isolated from market seafoods and other marine samples that originated in cold environments where no mesophilic vibrios are expected to be found. The possibility that V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophages originate from Vibrio spp. other than V. parahaemolyticus and the role of these bacteriophages in the ecology of marine vibrios are discussed.
Model-embedded on-line problem solving environment for chemical engineering (2002)

The building of custom monitoring, control, simulation and diagnostics applications for complex chemical plants necessitates the integration of models into the problem solving process. This paper describes a system and its practical applications that supports this activity. It is based on the Multigraph Architecture, which is a generic framework for building these model-based systems. The paper discusses the modeling paradigms used, how the applications are generated, and some practical, existing applications.
Development of Methanol-Reforming Catalysts for Fuel Cell Vehicles (2003)

Vehicles powered by proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuelcells are approaching commercialisation. Being inherently cleanand efficient sources of power, fuel cells constitute asustainable alternative to internal combustion engines to meetfuture low-emission legislation. The PEM fuel cell may befuelled directly by hydrogen, but other alternatives appearmore attractive at present, due to problems related to theproduction, transportation and handling of hydrogen. Fuelling with an alcohol fuel, such as methanol, which isoxidised directly at the anode, offers certain advantages.However, the efficiency of the direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC)is still significantly lower than that of the conventionalhydrogen-fuelled PEM fuel cell, due to some technical problemsremaining unsolved. Hence, indirect fuelling by a reformedliquid fuel may be the most feasible option in the early stagesof the introduction of fuel cell vehicles. The work presented in this thesis concerns the developmentof catalysts for production of hydrogen from methanol bypartial oxidation, steam reforming or a combination thereof.The work contributes to the understanding of how thepreparation route affects catalyst morphology and howphysicochemical properties determine catalytic behaviour andreaction pathways. The thesis is a summary of seven papers published inscientific periodicals. The first paper (Paper I) reviews thecurrent status of catalytic hydrogen generation from methanol,focusing on the fuel cell application. Paper II investigatesthe partial oxidation of methanol over Cu/ZnO catalystsprepared in microemulsion and by a conventionalco-precipitation technique. The activity for methanolconversion in the low-temperature regime is found to besignificantly higher over the former materials and the workcontinues by determining the nature of possible Cu-ZnOinteractions in the catalysts by studying their physicochemicalproperties more thoroughly (Paper III). In Paper IV, thepathways for methanol conversion via both partial oxidation andsteam reforming are elucidated. In Paper V, partial oxidation of methanol is studied overPd/ZnO catalysts prepared by microemulsion technique and againcompared to conventional materials. This investigationdemonstrates that although possessing high methanol conversionactivity, palladium-based catalysts are not suitable forreforming in fuel cell applications due to the considerableamounts of carbon monoxide formed. In Paper VI, methanol reforming is investigated over acommercial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst. The mechanisms for carbonmonoxide formation and strategies for its suppression arediscussed, as well as reactor design aspects. The study alsoincludes some simple kinetic modelling. Finally, Paper VIIdescribes the optimisation of catalyst composition and processconditions to reach high hydrogen production efficiency at lowoperating temperatures and with minimum carbon monoxideformation. <b>Keywords:</b>PEM fuel cells, hydrogen, methanol, reforming,(partial) oxidation, reaction pathways, carbon monoxide,catalyst, microemulsion, Cu/ZnO, Pd/ZnO, copper, redoxproperties, oxidation state
Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy Of Glucose In Blood Using Partial Least-Squares Analyses (1989)

The concentration of glucose in drawn samples of human blood has been determined using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and partial least-squares (PLS) multivariate calibration. A twelve sample calibration set over the physiological glucose range of 50-400 mg/deciliter (dl) resulted in an average error of 5.24 mg/dl. These results were obtained using cross validated PLS calibration for all data in the frequency range of 950-1200 cm-1. These results are a dramatic improvement relative to those obtained by previous studies of this system using univariate peak height analyses.
Reactive-Current Compensation by Switched Capacitors (1975)

The paper describes a method of reactive-current compensation, employing thyristor switching of capacitor banks. The switching is timed to eliminate supply transients, and permits a change in compensation in each supply cycle. A brief description of the electronic circuitry required to implement the switching is given, together with results for both steady-state and transient operation of an experimental system.
Preferential incorporation of <I>trans</I>, <I>trans</I>-conjugated linoleic acid isomers into the liver of suckling rats (2002)

The present study was designed to compare the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomeric distribution pattern in the liver of suckling rats in relation to those in the milk and maternal diet. Silver-ion HPLC was used to separate individual CLA isomers. It was found that the isomeric distribution pattern in the milk was very similar to that in the maternal dietary fat. However, the CLA isomeric distribution patterns in the liver phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols were different from those in the diet and milk. In the liver PL, total cisltrans isomers accounted for 63.6-63.9% of total CLA, which was in contrast to the values of 88.1-89.1% in the milk and diet. In the liver PL, total transltrans isomers were 20.6-20.8% of the total CLA isomers whereas they were only 2.6-3.7% in the milk and diet. It is concluded that trans/trans-CLA were preferentially incorporated into the liver whereas for the incorporation of cis/trans-CLA there was partial discrimination.