gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New mHealth Communication Framework for Use in Wearable WBANs and Mobile Technologies (2015)

Driven by the development of biomedical sensors and the availability of high mobile bandwidth, mobile health (mHealth) systems are now offering a wider range of new services. This revolution makes the idea of in-home health monitoring practical and provides the opportunity for assessment in "real-world" environments producing more ecologically valid data. In the field of insomnia diagnosis, for example, it is now possible to offer patients wearable sleep monitoring systems which can be used in the comfort of their homes over long periods of time. The recorded data collected from body sensors can be sent to a remote clinical back-end system for analysis and assessment. Most of the research on sleep reported in the literature mainly looks into how to automate the analysis of the sleep data and does not address the problem of the efficient encoding and secure transmissions of the collected health data. This article reviews the key enabling communication technologies and research challenges for the design of efficient mHealth systems. An end-to-end mHealth system architecture enabling the remote assessment and monitoring of patient's sleep disorders is then proposed and described as a case study. Finally, various mHealth data serialization formats and machine-to-machine (M2M) communication protocols are evaluated and compared under realistic operating conditions.
A custom cell generation system for double-metal CMOS technology (2003)

An automatic module generation system is presented which is based on the metal-metal matrix layout style for double-metal CMOS technology. The circuit is described in SPICE format or by incidence matrices. The transistor circuit is partitioned into medium-sized cell containing up to 200 transistors and converted into physical mask layers using a cell generator. This generator has been designed to control the height of the cells and hence also the width, so that the cells can be used in a standard cell layout environment. The height of the cell is controlled by removing vertical constraints imposed on horizontal nets by adding additional columns to the cell.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Isolation, Characterization, and Comparison of the S-Carboxymethyl Heavy (A) and Light (B) Chain Derivatives of Cat, Dog, Rabbit, and Bovine Plasmins (1973)

Abstract Highly purified preparations of cat, dog, rabbit, and bovine plasminogens, isolated by affinity chromatography on lysine-substituted Sepharose columns, were found to be similar in molecular weight to human plasminogen in acrylamide gel-dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. These plasminogens showed multiple electrophoretic forms in acrylamide gel electrophoresis in 0.3 m e-aminocaproic acid at pH 8.4 and in acrylamide gel-isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. The isoelectric points of the multiple forms of rabbit and bovine plasminogens were similar to the isoelectric points of the multiple isoelectric forms of human Lys-plasminogen; the cat and dog plasminogen isoelectric forms were similar to one another and more electronegative than the human Lys-plasminogen isoelectric forms. Cat, dog, rabbit, and bovine plasmins (urokinase-activated plasminogens) reacted stoichiometrically with l-1-chloro-3-tosylamido-7-amino-2-heptanone and were completely inhibited. Cm-heavy (A) and Cm-light (B) chain preparations were isolated from reduced and alkylated plasmin preparations from each species by dialysis against 0.002 m ammonium bicarbonate. The incorporation studies with l-1-chloro-3-tosylamido-7-amino-2-heptanone indicated a single active site histidine, for each species of plasmin, located in the Cm-light (B) chain. The Cm-light (B) chain derivatives of the cat, dog, rabbit, and bovine plasmins were essentially homogeneous and similar in molecular weight to the human Cm-light (B) chain derivative in acrylamide gel-urea-dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. These derivatives showed multiple isoelectric forms in acrylamide gel-urea-isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. The isoelectric points of cat and dog Cm-light (B) chain forms were similar to the isoelectric points of the human Cm-light (B) chain forms; the rabbit Cm-light (B) chain forms were more electronegative and the bovine Cm-light (B) chain forms were more electropositive than the human Cm-light (B) chain forms. The Cm-heavy (A) chain preparations of cat, dog, rabbit, and bovine plasmins all contained both major and minor chains in acrylamide gel-urea-dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. The cat, dog, and rabbit preparations contain a Cm-heavy (A) chain that had the same molecular weight as the major human Cm-heavy (A) chain. The major cat Cm-heavy (A1) chain was similar in molecular weight to the minor human Cm-heavy (A1) chain. The major dog Cm-heavy (A2) chain had a lower molecular weight than both the major and minor human Cm-heavy (A and A1) chains. The bovine Cm-heavy (A3) chain was of lower molecular weight than the dog, Cm-heavy (A2) chain. The Cm-heavy (A) chain derivatives of all four animal species showed multiple isoelectric forms in acrylamide gel-urea-isoelectric focusing electrophoresis with isoelectric points slightly more electronegative than the isoelectric points of the multiple human Cm-heavy (A) chain forms.
Fast single piece identification with a 3D scanning LIBS for aluminium cast and wrought alloys recycling (2011)

In industrial recycling processes secondary metals need to be separated by material grades before they can be further processed. The identification and separation into different material classes lead to higher value-added industrial feedstock and prevent downgrading processes. Secondary raw materials can be used more efficiently resulting in an increased use of waste products in resource-intensive production processes. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a contact free, multi-elemental and fast method for the inline quantitative analysis of single objects in moving particle streams. The LIBS method presented in this paper is based on a 3D object detection combined with a scanning LIBS setup. The optical system consists of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser running at 40 Hz, delivering a 200 mJ double pulse for plasma generation. A high performance three axis galvo-scanner guides the laser beam onto single pieces moving at 3 m s−1 through a measuring volume of 600 × 600 × 100 mm3 with a precision of ±1.5 mm. Twenty channels of a high resolution Paschen–Runge spectrometer are simultaneously processed within a few microseconds enabling multi-elemental analysis of different aluminium (Al) alloys. A dimensionless figure of merit is introduced for the evaluation of the analytical performance. Sorting measurements of Al post-consumer scrap charges, consisting of wrought and cast alloys were carried out. After discarding 20% of the data as outliers low and high silicon alloyed Al pieces were identified with a correctness of >96%. In a second sorting scenario the analytical discrimination of 8 different Al alloys of production scrap, requiring high analytical precision, is investigated. A mean identification correctness of wrought Al alloys >95% is demonstrated successfully for the first time.
Na+/H+ Exchanger Regulatory Factor Isoform 1 Overexpression Modulates Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Expression and Activity in Human Airway 16HBE14o- Cells and Rescues ΔF508 CFTR Functional Expression in Cystic Fibrosis Cells* (2005)

There is evidence that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) interacting proteins play critical roles in the proper expression and function of CFTR. The Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulatory factor isoform 1 (NHERF1) was the first identified CFTR-binding protein. Here we further clarify the role of NHERF1 in the regulation of CFTR activity in two human bronchial epithelial cell lines: the normal, 16HBE14o-, and the homozygous DeltaF508 CFTR, CFBE41o-. Confocal analysis in polarized cell monolayers demonstrated that NHERF1 distribution was associated with the apical membrane in 16HBE14o- cells while being primarily cytoplasmic in CFBE41o- cells. Transfection of 16HBE14o- monolayers with vectors encoding for wild-type (wt) NHERF1 increased both apical CFTR expression and apical protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent CFTR-mediated chloride efflux, whereas transfection with NHERF1 mutated in the binding groove of the PDZ domains or truncated for the ERM domain inhibited both the apical CFTR expression and the CFTR-dependent chloride efflux. These data led us to hypothesize an important role for NHERF1 in regulating CFTR localization and stability on the apical membrane of 16HBE14o- cell monolayers. Importantly, wt NHERF1 overexpression in confluent DeltaF508 CFBE41o- and DeltaF508 CFT1-C2 cell monolayers induced both a significant redistribution of CFTR from the cytoplasm to the apical membrane and a PKA-dependent activation of CFTR-dependent chloride secretion.
Computational models for predicting sound quality (2020)

The quality of an audio device depends on how accurately the device transmits the properties of the sound source to the ear(s) of the listener. Two types of ``distortion'' can occur: (1) ``Linear'' distortion, namely a deviation of the frequency response from the ``target'' response; (2) Nonlinear distortion, which is characterised by frequency components in the output of the device that were not present in the input. These two forms of distortion have different perceptual effects. Their effects on sound quality can be predicted using a model of auditory processing with the following stages: filters simulating the transmission of sound from the device to the ear of the listener and through the middle ear; and an array of bandpass filters simulating the filters that exist in the cochlea. For predicting the perceptual effects of linear distortion, a model operating in the frequency domain can be used. For predicting the perceptual effects of nonlinear distortion, a model operating in the time domain is required, since the detailed waveforms at the outputs of the auditory filters need to be considered. The models described give accurate predictions for a wide range of ``artificial'' and ``real'' linear and nonlinear distortions.
Visualization of Hyperspectral Images Using Bilateral Filtering (2010)

This paper presents a new approach for hyperspectral image visualization. A bilateral filtering-based approach is presented for hyperspectral image fusion to generate an appropriate resultant image. The proposed approach retains even the minor details that exist in individual image bands, by exploiting the edge-preserving characteristics of a bilateral filter. It does not introduce visible artifacts in the fused image. A hierarchical fusion scheme has also been proposed for implementation purposes to accommodate a large number of hyperspectral image bands. The proposed scheme provides computational and storage efficiency without affecting the quality and performance of the fusion. It also facilitates the midband visualization of a subset of the hyperspectral image cube. Quantitative performance results are presented to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Theory of the Effect of Temperature on the Reflection of X-Rays by Crystals. I. Isotropic Crystals (1936)

A short derivation of the Debye-Waller temperature factor in the reflection of x-rays from isotropic crystals is given. This short derivation clearly brings out the assumptions involved and paves the way for the extension of the theory to the more complex case of anisotropic crystals. One of the authors will give this extension in a subsequent paper.
Kernicterus in term and near‐term infants–the specter walks again (2000)

At present we have no tools for ensuring certain identification of individuals with increased vulnerability to bilirubin toxicity. Relaxation of guidelines which have been proven safe through prolonged use should therefore be undertaken only in an atmosphere of increased vigilance. Guidelines that allow for a range of therapeutic and diagnostic options underline the need for careful assessment of each case on its individual merits.
Predictive value of serum prolactin levels measured immediately after transsphenoidal surgery (2002)

Prolactin levels lower than 10 ng/ml on POD 1 predict a long-term chemical cure in patients with microadenomas (100% cure rate) and those with macroadenomas (93% cure rate). In contrast, a cure is not likely to be obtained in patients with normal levels ranging between 10 and 20 ng/ml on POD 1 if they harbor macroadenomas (0% cure rate). A recurrence reported several years after surgery probably represents the presence of persistent tumor that was not originally removed. If the initial operation was performed by an experienced surgeon, however, reoperation is not likely to yield a chemical cure.
Infections with Various Types of Organisms Stimulate Transcription from a Short Promoter Fragment of the Potato<i>gst1</i>Gene (1996)

By histochemical GUS staining, we demonstrate that transcription from a short promoter fragment of the potato gst1 gene is locally induced after infection of a host plant with various types of pathogenic or symbiotic organisms. This regulatory unit is not active in noninfected tissues, except root apices and senescing leaves. Measuring the expression of a fusion between the promoter fragment and the gus gene in transgenic plants, therefore, allows comparison of the induction of defense reactions in different types of plant-microbe interactions, in one and the same plant.
Treatment of spent pot-lining for recovery of fluoride values (2007)

The leachability of NaF, CaF2 and Na3AlF6 from spent pot-lining (SPL) has been studied with the view to dissolve, manipulate solution equilibria, and precipitate fluoride in a form that can be recycled (directly or indirectly) back into the pot. Leaching results have been combined with theoretical stability constant information to understand solution equilibria and identify novel ways that it can be manipulated to produce AlF3 and/or CaF2, to yield a process with the criteria of minimal process reagents, number of steps, energy and waste. While AlF3 is the preferred form for fluoride, its production in acidic media is difficult owing mainly to the unavoidably high concentrations of Na'. So far, we have found a chemical sequence for recovery of all fluoride as NaAlF4. This is presented along with other sequences being pursued. Following removal of fluoride, high degrees of separation (> 95%) of the remaining refractory compounds from the graphite has proved possible using a density separation technique.
Acute Infectious Diarrhea (2003)

An otherwise healthy 23-year-old man presents after the acute onset of watery diarrhea that has persisted for two days. He reports associated nausea and cramping but no emesis and is febrile, with a temperature of 38.7°C (101.7°F). How should he be evaluated and treated?
Errors in the measurements of <i>T</i><sub>2</sub> using multiple‐echo MRI techniques. I. Effects of radiofrequency pulse imperfections (1986)

In principle, multiple-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to estimate the spin-spin relaxation time, T2, which can then be used for quantitative tissue characterization. Although multiple echoes can be used to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in an image, by echo addition, rf pulse imperfections modify the echo amplitudes resulting in significant errors in the estimate of T2. Imperfect 180 degree pulses do not completely invert the transverse magnetization so that the magnitude of the transverse component is reduced and a longitudinal component is generated. Successive application of such imperfect pulses generates many components that interact in a complex manner. The amplitudes of successive echoes are affected whenever the transverse components refocus, whereas the longitudinal components may be rotated into the transverse plane by subsequent pulses and may often add to the image signal or give rise to an image artifact. These effects have been analyzed theoretically and have been demonstrated for a wide range of rf pulse imperfections using both simple and composite pulses, through computer simulations based on the numerical solution of the Bloch equations. The theoretical and simulation results have been substantiated through experiments performed on a mineral oil phantom using a resistive prototype MR scanner operating at 6.35 MHz. In this paper we report the effects of improper pulse amplitude or duration for nonselective rf pulses on resonance. We separately describe the other types of imperfections caused by off-resonance effects and the use of selective pulses.
Fast registration-based automatic segmentation of serial section images for high-resolution 3-D plant seed modeling (2008)

We propose a deformation-based approach for fast and robust segmentation of histological section images into multiple tissues. Derived from deformable registration techniques, it does not solely rely on information present in the image, but uses a-priori information in terms of reference segmentations. The experimental evaluation against state-of-the-art feature based classifiers demonstrates the high performance in segmentation accuracy and the effectiveness of this approach. This serves as basis for processing high-resolution serial section datasets comprising several thousand images towards three-dimensional atlases of plant organs.
CXII.—Studies in polymerisation. Part I. 2 : 3 : 4-Trimethyl 1-arabonolactone (1927)

H. D. K. Drew and W. N. Haworth, J. Chem. Soc., 1927, 775 DOI: 10.1039/JR9270000775
Connection between leading-edge sweep, vortex lift, and vortex strength for delta wings (1990)

An effort is made to clarify the effect of leading-edge sweep on the vortex lift and leading-edge vortex strength of a slender wing; while it is often assumed that increasing sweep enhances vortex lift and strength, the opposite is the case. The suction analogy is used in association with numerical and experimental data to derive simple formulas yielding the actual relationship for delta wings. The difference between vortex lift and nonlinear lift is highlighted.
Ultrasound diagnosis of occult pneumothorax* (2005)

For the diagnosis of occult pneumothorax, ultrasound can decrease the need for computed tomography.
Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Show Angiogenic Properties but Resist Differentiation into Mature Endothelial Cells (2011)

Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from the human amnion (hAMSC) currently play an important role in stem cell research, as they are multipotent cells that can be isolated using noninvasive methods and are immunologically tolerated in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate their endothelial differentiation potential with regard to a possible therapeutic use in vascular diseases. hAMSC were isolated from human term placentas and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (non-induced hAMSC) or endothelial growth medium (EGM-2) (induced hAMSC). Induced hAMSC changed their fibroblast-like toward an endothelial-like morphology, and were able to take up acetylated low-density lipoprotein and form endothelial-like networks in the Matrigel assay. However, they did not express the mature endothelial cell markers von Willebrand factor and vascular endothelial-cadherin. Gene expression analysis revealed that induced hAMSC significantly downregulated pro-angiogenic genes such as tenascin C, Tie-2, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), CD146, and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), whereas they significantly upregulated anti-angiogenic genes such as serpinF1, sprouty1, and angioarrestin. Analysis of protein expression confirmed the downregulation of FGF-2 and Tie-2 (27%±8% and 13%±1% of non-induced cells, respectively) and upregulation of the anti-angiogenic protein endostatin (226%±4%). Conditioned media collected from hAMSC enhanced viability of endothelial cells and had a stabilizing effect on endothelial network formation as shown by lactate dehydrogenase and Matrigel assay, respectively. In summary, endothelial induced hAMSC acquired some angiogenic properties but resisted undergoing a complete differentiation into mature endothelial cells by upregulation of anti-angiogenic factors. Nevertheless, they had a survival-enhancing effect on endothelial cells that might be useful in a variety of cell therapy or tissue-engineering approaches.
Effect of music on power, pain, depression and disability (2006)

Nurses can teach patients how to use music to enhance the effects of analgesics, decrease pain, depression and disability, and promote feelings of power.
Grand Challenge in Inflammation (2012)

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The Personal Human Oral Microbiome Obscures the Effects of Treatment on Periodontal Disease (2014)

Periodontitis is a progressive disease of the periodontium with a complex, polymicrobial etiology. Recent Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) studies of the microbial diversity associated with periodontitis have revealed strong, community-level differences in bacterial assemblages associated with healthy or diseased periodontal sites. In this study, we used NGS approaches to characterize changes in periodontal pocket bacterial diversity after standard periodontal treatment. Despite consistent changes in the abundance of certain taxa in individuals whose condition improved with treatment, post-treatment samples retained the highest similarity to pre-treatment samples from the same individual. Deeper phylogenetic analysis of periodontal pathogen-containing genera Prevotella and Fusobacterium found both unexpected diversity and differential treatment response among species. Our results highlight how understanding interpersonal variability among microbiomes is necessary for determining how polymicrobial diseases respond to treatment and disturbance.
The transcriptome of adult female <i>Anopheles darlingi</i> salivary glands (2004)

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi is an important malaria vector in South and Central America; however, little is known about molecular aspects of its biology. Genomic and proteomic analyses were performed on the salivary gland products of Anopheles darlingi. A total of 593 randomly selected, salivary gland-derived cDNAs were sequenced and assembled based on their similarities into 288 clusters. The putative translated proteins were classified into three categories: (S) secretory products, (H) housekeeping products and (U) products with unknown cell location and function. Ninety-three clusters encode putative secreted proteins and several of them, such as an anophelin, a thrombin inhibitor, apyrases and several new members of the D7 protein family, were identified as molecules involved in haematophagy. Sugar-feeding related enzymes (alpha-glucosidases and alpha-amylase) also were found among the secreted salivary products. Ninety-nine clusters encode housekeeping proteins associated with energy metabolism, protein synthesis, signal transduction and other cellular functions. Ninety-seven clusters encode proteins with no similarity with known proteins. Comparison of the sequence divergence of the S and H categories of proteins of An. darlingi and An. gambiae revealed that the salivary proteins are less conserved than the housekeeping proteins, and therefore are changing at a faster evolutionary rate. Tabular and supplementary material containing the cDNA sequences and annotations are available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/Mosquito/A_darlingi_sialome/