gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved molecular diagnostic tools for human hookworms (2008)

Blood-feeding hookworms are parasitic roundworms (i.e., nematodes) of major socioeconomic importance, affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite their impact on human health, little attention has been paid to improving practical methods of diagnosis. The genetic characterization of hookworms and specific diagnosis of their infections are central to elucidating the ecology and epidemiology of these parasites as well as the control of the disease they cause. Traditional coprodiagnostic methods have major limitations. This article summarizes progress in the development of molecular-analytical and -diagnostic tools, and discusses the need to establish practical 'laboratory' and 'field' assays for use in integrated hookworm prevention and control programs.
Nonlinear photothermal modulated optical reflectance and photocurrent phenomena in crystalline semiconductors: II. Experimental (1996)

Experimental photothermal modulated optical reflectance (PMOR) and photocurrent (PC) data from silicon and germanium samples have been obtained at high laser pump beam intensities and correlated with a theoretical model of nonlinear carrier recombination. In principle, the PMOR signal consists of both thermal and Drude (free-carrier) components; nonlinear recombination influences it through its direct effect on the modulated carrier density, and its indirect effect on the modulated sample temperature. All of the five samples discussed in this work showed evidence of nonlinear carrier recombination in their PC and PMOR behaviour. Although few of the PMOR data were indicative of a dominant Drude component, the effect of nonlinear recombination upon the carrier density was quite apparent in the PC data which were obtained to correlate with the PMOR data. The experimental results clearly indicate that the PMOR effect is sensitive to nonlinear recombination, albeit not to as large a degree as the transverse photocurrent.
Adenosine A2A receptor activation reduces lung injury in trauma/hemorrhagic shock* (2006)

A(2A) receptor agonists may represent a novel therapeutic approach in preventing organ injury following trauma/hemorrhagic shock.
Situational, consumer, and retailer factors affecting Internet, catalog, and store shopping (2004)

Most research related to consumer choice of retailers emphasizes retailer attributes and/or consumer characteristics. Since many retail formats, including online retailing, have emerged in recent years, knowledge of how consumers select retail formats must be updated. A source of influence that has been examined to a very limited extent for store retailers but not for emerging retail formats is situational influence. From a modern interactionism perspective, this study investigates the influence of situational as well as consumer and retailer factors on preference for online, catalog, and store formats. Key results show that situational factors have significant influence on online and catalog format selection and perceptions of attributes that are crucial to that selection.
Improved picosecond laser radiation for micromachining (2006)

Picosecond laser pulses are used to micro-machine virtually any material with highest precision and minimal thermal impact. Best quality has been demonstrated at low fluence removal near ablation threshold with pulse energies of a few µJ. Economical throughput is achieved by very high pulse repetition rates of more than 500kHz. Picosecond laser systems broke into the industrial market more than 2 years ago. However, picosecond laser micro-machining is not yet a mature technology because wide and practical experience of micro-machining with picosecond pulses is limited thus far. In order to achieve outstanding quality and maximum throughput in laser micro-machining with picosecond lasers the proper selection of laser parameters is important and the proper process parameters are also critical. This article reports experimental results related to the influence of pulse trains for ablation efficiency and quality and shows examples of micro-machining using different laser wavelengths. An outlook for developments in these areas is presented.
Peptide synthesis. Part 1. Preparation and use of polar supports based on poly(dimethylacrylamide) (1981)

Details are given of the preparation of two functionalised polar support materials based on poly(dimethylacrylamide). Their solvation and other properties make them particularly suitable for solid-phase synthesis of polar substances, particularly of peptides and oligonucleotides, and also for solid-phase peptide and protein sequencing. Procedures are described for solid-phase peptide synthesis and are illustrated by preparation of a decapeptide.
Completely Erasable Phase Change Optical Disc II: Application of Ag-In-Sb-Te Mixed-Phase System for Rewritable Compact Disc Compatible with CD-Velocity and Double CD-Velocity (1993)

Aiming to obtain a rewritable compact disc (CD-rewritable) with high performance at both CD-velocity (CD1X) and double CD-velocity (CD2X), the phase change optical disc with the Ag-In-Sb-Te system has been developed. In the one-pass overwriting mode with eight-to-fourteen modulation, high carrier-to-noise ratio, wide power margin and high erase ratio have been obtained at both velocities. As for stability, we acquired a satisfactory result in the read-out test of 10 6 cycles with read power of 1.5 mW. We conclude that the phase change optical disc with the Ag-In-Sb-Te system is suitable for use at both CD1X and CD2X. Furthermore, the phase change process of the Ag-In-Sb-Te system has also been investigated. The chemical structure of the Ag-In-Sb-Te system in its ordered state was found to be (Ag-Sb-Te) x (In 1- y Sb y ) 1- x .
Cation-Deficient Spinel ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathode in Zn(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> Electrolyte for Rechargeable Aqueous Zn-Ion Battery (2016)

Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries are attractive cheap, safe and green energy storage technologies but are bottlenecked by limitation in high-capacity cathode and compatible electrolyte to achieve satisfactory cyclability. Here we report the application of nonstoichiometric ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/carbon composite as a new Zn-insertion cathode material in aqueous Zn(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> electrolyte. In 3 M Zn(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> solution that enables ∼100% Zn plating/stripping efficiency with long-term stability and suppresses Mn dissolution, the spinel/carbon hybrid exhibits a reversible capacity of 150 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> and a capacity retention of 94% over 500 cycles at a high rate of 500 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. The remarkable electrode performance results from the facile charge transfer and Zn insertion in the structurally robust spinel featuring small particle size and abundant cation vacancies, as evidenced by combined electrochemical measurements, XRD, Raman, synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy, FTIR, and NMR analysis. The results would enlighten and promote the use of cation-defective spinel compounds and trifluoromethanesulfonic electrolyte to develop high-performance rechargeable zinc batteries.
Reviews articles (1982)

G.R. Curnow and R.L. Wettenhall (eds), Understanding Public Administration, Sydney, George Allen and Unwin, 1981, pp. 293. $19.95 (paper).
Preparation and characterization of silica microcapsules containing butyl-stearate via sol-gel method (2007)

For thermal energy storage application in energy-saving building materials, silica microcapsules containing phase change material were prepared using sol-gel method in O/W emulsion system. In the system droplets in microns are formed by emulsifying an organic phase consisting of butyl-stearate as core material. The silica shell was formed via hydrolysis and condensation from tetraethyl silicate with acetate as catalyst. The SEM photographs show the particles possess spherical morphology and core-shell structure. The as-prepared silica microcapsules mainly consist of microsphere in the diameter of 3-7 μm and the median diameter of these microcapsules equals to 5.2 μm. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves indicate that the latent heat and the melting point of microcapsules are 86 J/g and 22.6 ℃, respectively. The results of DSC and TG further testify the microcapsules with core-shell structure.
Condensation of the plasma membrane at the site of T lymphocyte activation (2005)

After activation, T lymphocytes restructure their cell surface to form membrane domains at T cell receptor (TCR)-signaling foci and immunological synapses (ISs). To address whether these rearrangements involve alteration in the structure of the plasma membrane bilayer, we used the fluorescent probe Laurdan to visualize its lipid order. We observed a condensation of the plasma membrane at TCR activation sites. The formation of ordered domains depends on the presence of the transmembrane protein linker for the activation of T cells and Src kinase activity. Moreover, these ordered domains are stabilized by the actin cytoskeleton. Membrane condensation occurs upon TCR stimulation alone but is prolonged by CD28 costimulation with TCR. In ISs, which are formed by conjugates of TCR transgenic T lymphocytes and cognate antigen-presenting cells, similar condensed membrane phases form first in central regions and later at the periphery of synapses. The formation of condensed membrane domains at T cell activation sites biophysically reflects membrane raft accumulation, which has potential implications for signaling at ISs.
Turnover of cardiac troponin subunits. Kinetic evidence for a precursor pool of troponin-I. (1981)

The turnover of troponin-T, troponin-I, and troponin-C, under conditions closely approximating a steady state, has been determined from the rate of incorporation of L-[4,5-3H]leucine into the polypeptides. Isotope was administered to rats by constant infusion for a period of 4 h and the rate of equilibration of radioactive leucine in the serum was determined. The specific radioactivity of leucine was measured in both the protein and the precursor pools. Troponin subunits were separated from other proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The turnover rates of other myofibrillar proteins, tropomyosin, actin, and myosin heavy and light chains, were also measured. Troponin-T and troponin-I had similar half-lives of 3.5 and 3.2 days, respectively, which were significantly different from that of troponin-C (5.3 days). The rates of turnover of troponin-T and troponin-I were greater than those of myosin heavy chain, but the turnover of troponin-C was not significantly different from that of myosin heavy chain. These findings indicate that the subunits of cardiac troponin turn over nonuniformly. In addition, evidence from kinetic experiments indicates the presence of a precursor pool of unassembled troponin-I but not for troponin-T or troponin-C.
Cascaded classifiers for confidence-based chemical named entity recognition (2008)

These results show that chemical named entities can be extracted with good performance, and that the properties of the extraction can be tuned to suit the demands of the task.
Frequency-based interpolation of sampled signals with applications in audio restoration (1993)

An interpolation technique has been developed for replacing missing samples in a sampled waveform drawn from a stationary stochastic process, given the power spectrum for the process. The method works with a finite block of data and is based on the assumption that components of the block discrete Fourier transform (DFT) are Gaussian zero-mean independent random variables with variance proportional to the power spectrum at each frequency value. These assumptions make the interpolator particularly suitable for signals with a sharply defined harmonic structure, such as audio waveforms recorded from music or voiced speech. Some results are presented and comparisons are made with previous techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
One-sided imaging of large, dense objects using the 511 keV photons from induced pair production (1998)

The use of annihilation photons from photon-induced electron-positron pair production as a means of inspecting objects when only one side is accessible is described. The Z2 dependence of the pair production cross section and the high penetration of 511 keV photons suggest that this method should be capable of localizing high Z materials in lower Z matrices. The experimental results for the dependence of the back streaming photon yield on Z indicate that dynamic ranges of the order of 20 may be obtained for materials with 4 < Z < 82. Results for point to point images obtained in line scans of representative geometries are also shown. Simulation studies based on the EGS4 Monte Carlo code were also performed and their results show an agreement with experimental data of the order of 5%.
Binuclear Metallohydrolases (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinuclear MetallohydrolasesDean E. WilcoxView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 7, 2435–2458Publication Date (Web):November 7, 1996Publication History Received14 May 1996Revised2 September 1996Published online7 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr950043bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr950043bresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3281Altmetric-Citations856LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Ions,Ligands,Metals,Peptides and proteins,Phosphates Get e-Alerts
Providing artifact awareness to a distributed group through screen sharing (2006)

Despite the availability of awareness servers and casual interaction systems, distributed groups still cannot maintain artifact awareness -- the easy awareness of the documents, objects, and tools that other people are using -- that is a natural part of co-located work environments. To address this deficiency, we designed an awareness tool that uses screen sharing to provide information about other people's artifacts. People see others' screens in miniature at the edge of their display, can selectively raise a larger view of that screen to get more detail, and can engage in remote pointing if desired. Initial experiences show that people use our tool for several purposes: to maintain awareness of what others are doing, to project a certain image of themselves, to monitor progress and coordinate joint tasks, to help determine when another person can be interrupted, and to engage in serendipitous conversation and collaboration. People also balance awareness with privacy by using several privacy protection strategies built into our system.
Defining the Origins and Evolution of the Chemokine/Chemokine Receptor System (2006)

The chemokine system has a critical role in mammalian immunity, but the evolutionary history of chemokines and chemokine receptors are ill-defined. We used comparative whole genome analysis of fruit fly, sea urchin, sea squirt, pufferfish, zebrafish, frog, and chicken to identify chemokines and chemokine receptors in each species. We report 127 chemokine and 70 chemokine receptor genes in the 7 species, with zebrafish having the most chemokines, 63, and chemokine receptors, 24. Fruit fly, sea urchin, and sea squirt have no identifiable chemokines or chemokine receptors. This study represents the most comprehensive analysis of the chemokine system to date and the only complete characterization of chemokine systems outside of mouse and human. We establish a clear evolutionary model of the chemokine system and trace the origin of the chemokine system to approximately 650 million years ago, identifying critical steps in their evolution and demonstrating a more extensive chemokine system in fish than previously thought.
Assessment of Motion of a Swing Leg and Gait Rehabilitation With a Gravity Balancing Exoskeleton (2007)

The gravity balancing exoskeleton, designed at University of Delaware, Newark, consists of rigid links, joints and springs, which are adjustable to the geometry and inertia of the leg of a human subject wearing it. This passive exoskeleton does not use any motors but is designed to unload the human leg joints from the gravity load over its range-of-motion. The underlying principle of gravity balancing is to make the potential energy of the combined leg-machine system invariant with configuration of the leg. Additionally, parameters of the exoskeleton can be changed to achieve a prescribed level of gravity assistance, from 0% to 100%. The goal of the results reported in this paper is to provide preliminary quantitative assessment of the changes in kinematics and kinetics of the walking gait when a human subject wears such an exoskeleton. The data on kinematics and kinetics were collected on four healthy and three stroke patients who wore this exoskeleton. These data were computed from the joint encoders and interface torque sensors mounted on the exoskeleton. This exoskeleton was also recently used for a six-week training of a chronic stroke patient, where the gravity assistance was progressively reduced from 100% to 0%. The results show a significant improvement in gait of the stroke patient in terms of range-of-motion of the hip and knee, weight bearing on the hemiparetic leg, and speed of walking. Currently, training studies are underway to assess the long-term effects of such a device on gait rehabilitation of hemiparetic stroke patients.
Efficient and mode selective spatial mode multiplexer based on multi-plane light conversion (2014)

We demonstrate a new spatial mode multiplexer based on Multi-Plane Light Conversion with very low intrinsic loss (<; 4.1 dB) and high mode selectivity (crosstalk <; -23 dB). This multiplexer can perform any mode conversion, and we demonstrate its performance for 6 eigenmodes of a few-mode fiber.
Understanding the pathophysiology of itch (2013)

Itch is the most common symptom described by our patients. Treating this symptom can be challenging. A revolution is ongoing in understanding the pathophysiology of itch and will allow this challenge to be met. The present authors review and update the current understanding of the pathophysiology of itch.
Prevalence, risk factors and associations of primary Raynaud's phenomenon: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (2015)

This is the first systematic review of the prevalence, incidence, risk factors and associations of PRP. Further study using uniform strict criteria for the condition is required to confirm these findings, particularly the possible association with cardiovascular disease.
Intelligent patient monitor-its functions and user interface (2002)

An approach to the design of a patient monitor is presented. In addition to the ordinary signal information, the patient monitor model provides new kinds of alerts based on the estimation of the patient state, or on the detection of technical problems concerning the monitoring equipment. The raw data retrieved from the measurement sensors are symbolized according to their trends and reference scale, and then refined gradually with other relevant information like laboratory data. The task of estimating the patient's physiological state is divided into assessment of the state of various subfunctions and the general state is constructed from these assessments. Information retrieval from the patient monitor is supported by physiologically associative displays and a time bound way to place alerts and signal information on the screen.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Natural killer cell and granulocyte Fc gamma receptor III (CD16) differ in membrane anchor and signal transduction. (1989)

CD16 is a low affinity Fc gamma R III expressed on granulocytes, macrophages and large granular lymphocytes, the mediators of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and NK. The occupancy of CD16 by aggregated IgG on large granular lymphocytes induces expression of activation markers, release of inflammatory mediators and triggering of effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Recently we and others described that CD16 is anchored to the membrane of granulocytes via a phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety. Here we show that the CD16 molecule expressed on NK cells, cultured monocytes, and lung macrophages is not phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety anchored. It is not released with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, and after removal of N-linked carbohydrate is 5 to 7 kDa larger than the granulocyte CD16 molecule, strongly suggesting the presence of transmembrane and cytoplasmic protein domains. Redirected killing of hybridoma targets expressing anti-CD16 surface Ig shows that NK cell CD16 is unable to do so. These findings demonstrate that NK cell and granulocyte CD16 have different membrane anchors and indicate that the type of membrane anchor is an important biologic mechanism for regulating the functional capacity of surface receptors.
The capacity achievable with a broadband CDMA microcell underlay to an existing cellular macrosystem (1994)

Broadband code division multiple access (B-CDMA) using direct sequence spread spectrum can be used as an overlay to an existing analog or narrowband digital cellular system to provide increased capacity and new data services. In order to achieve significant capacity, it has been shown that both transmit and receive notch filters should be used at the base station. This paper addresses whether the B-CDMA overlay concept can be applied to creating a CDMA microcell underlaying an existing analog macrocell. It is shown that indeed high capacity can be achieved in the microcell on both forward and reverse links, largely independently of the separation between microcell and macrocell bases. Furthermore, in the forward link the effect of neighboring base stations is shown to be negligible. In order to achieve maximum capacity, it is found that transmit and receive notch filters at the microcell base station are invaluable at small separations between micro and macrocells. It is also shown that key parameters which must be properly controlled are the powers of the CDMA base and mobile transmitters relative to their analog counterparts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Annual Leadership Forum: ‘Hot’ times in the Windy City (2012)

While Chicago was experiencing record-breaking warmth in March, I attended the Academy’s Annual Leadership Forum (ALF) along with several hundred AAP members, chapter executive directors, students, residents, Fellows and staff. Preceding the ALF were two other important events: the inaugural