gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variability in the immunochemical quantification of keratan sulphate in human and bovine cartilage proteoglycans (1990)

Conference Article| October 01 1990 Variability in the immunochemical quantification of keratan sulphate in human and bovine cartilage proteoglycans MARKUS J. SEIBEL; MARKUS J. SEIBEL 1Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, BB-1417 New York, NY 10032, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD JELSMA; RICHARD JELSMA 1Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, BB-1417 New York, NY 10032, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar FATEMEH SAED-NEJAD; FATEMEH SAED-NEJAD 1Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, BB-1417 New York, NY 10032, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ANTHONY RATCLIFFE ANTHONY RATCLIFFE 1Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, BB-1417 New York, NY 10032, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (5): 969–970. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180969 Article history Received: March 06 1990 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation MARKUS J. SEIBEL, RICHARD JELSMA, FATEMEH SAED-NEJAD, ANTHONY RATCLIFFE; Variability in the immunochemical quantification of keratan sulphate in human and bovine cartilage proteoglycans. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 1990; 18 (5): 969–970. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180969 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: KS, keratan sulphate, PG, proteoglycan, PG-core, PG core protein, S-GAG, sulphated glycosaminoglycan, RIA, radioimmunoassay, ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A phase 2 trial of erlotinib in patients with previously treated squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (2010)

Erlotinib had limited activity in patients with esophageal cancer, and responses and some protracted stable disease were observed in those with squamous cell carcinoma. Efficacy according to EGFR status could not be assessed given the rarity of EGFR-negative tumors. The current results indicated that further evaluation of this agent in squamous cell carcinoma is warranted. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Informing future cartilage repair strategies: a comparative study of three different human cell types for cartilage tissue engineering (2013)

A major clinical need exists for cartilage repair and regeneration. Despite many different strategies having been pursued, the identification of an optimised cell type and of pre-treatment conditions remains a challenge. This study compares the cartilage-like tissue generated by human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSCs) and human neonatal and adult chondrocytes cultured on three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds under various conditions in vitro and in vivo with the aim of informing future cartilage repair strategies based upon tissue-engineering approaches. After 3 weeks in vitro culture, all three cell types showed cartilage-like tissue formation on 3D poly (lactide-co-glycolide) acid scaffolds only when cultured in chondrogenic medium. After 6 weeks of chondro-induction, neonatal chondrocyte constructs revealed the most cartilage-like tissue formation with a prominent superficial zone-like layer, a middle zone-like structure and the thinnest fibrous capsule. HBMSC constructs had the thickest fibrous capsule formation. Under basal culture conditions, neonatal articular chondrocytes failed to form any tissue, whereas HBMSCs and adult chondrocytes showed thick fibrous capsule formation at 6 weeks. After in vivo implantation, all groups generated more compact tissues compared with in vitro constructs. Pre-culturing in chondrogenic media for 1 week before implantation reduced fibrous tissue formation in all cell constructs at week 3. After 6 weeks, only the adult chondrocyte group pre-cultured in chondrogenic media was able to maintain a more chondrogenic/less fibrocartilaginous phenotype. Thus, pre-culture under chondrogenic conditions is required to maintain a long-term chondrogenic phenotype, with adult chondrocytes being a more promising cell source than HBMSCs for articular cartilage tissue engineering.
Analysis of FimX, a phosphodiesterase that governs twitching motility in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2006)

Type IV pili (Tfp) are polar surface structures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa required for twitching motility, biofilm formation and adherence. One protein required for the assembly of tfp is FimX, which possesses both GGDEF and EAL domains characteristic of diguanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases respectively. In this work we demonstrate that FimX has phosphodiesterase activity towards bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), but does not show diguanylate cyclase activity. Instead, the imperfect GGDEF domain of FimX likely serves to activate phosphodiesterase activity when bound to GTP, as has recently been described for the Caulobacter crescentus composite GGDEF-EAL protein, CC3396. Bacteria expressing FimX in which either the GGDEF or EAL domain is deleted or mutated have phenotypes indistinguishable from a DeltafimX strain, demonstrating the importance of both domains to function. Previous work has shown that FimX localizes to the bacterial pole. In this work we show that restriction of FimX to a single pole requires intact GGDEF and EAL domains. Deletion of the amino-terminal REC domain of FimX, which contains a putative polar localization signal, results in a protein that still supports intermediate levels of pilus assembly and function. RFP-FimXDeltaREC, unlike RFP-FimX, is no longer localized to the bacterial pole, while transmission electron microscopy shows that surface pili can originate from non-polar sites in this mutant. Although DeltafimX mutants show limited in vitro cytotoxicity, they are as virulent as the wild-type strain in a murine model of acute pneumonia.
GPU-friendly high-quality terrain rendering (2006)

We present a LOD rendering technique for large, textured terrain, which is well-suited for recent GPUs. In a preprocess,\nwe tile the domain, and we compute for each tile a discrete set of LODs using a nested mesh hierarchy.\nThis hierarchy can be encoded progressively. At run time, continuous LODs can simply be generated by interpolation\nof per-vertex height values on the GPU. Any mesh re-triangulation at run-time is avoided. Because the\nnumber of triangles in the mesh hierarchy is substantially decimated and by progressive transmission of vertices,\nour approach significantly reduces bandwidth requirements. During a typical fly-over we can guarantee extremely\nsmall pixel errors at very high frame rates.
Synthesis of (-)-acorone and related spirocyclic sesquiterpenes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of (-)-acorone and related spirocyclic sesquiterpenesJohn N. Marx and Lewis R. NormanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 11, 1602–1606Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00899a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3286Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (721 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Short communication Induced neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (2001)

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells capable of forming differentiated embryoid bodies (EBs) in culture. We examined the ability of growth factors under controlled conditions to increase the number of human ES cell-derived neurons. Retinoic acid (RA) and nerve growth factor (bNGF) were found to be potent enhancers of neuronal differentiation, eliciting extensive outgrowth of processes and the expression of neuron-specific molecules. Our findings show that human ES cells have great potential to become an unlimited cell source for neurons in culture. These cells may then be used in transplantation therapies for neural pathologies. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Development and regeneration Topic: Cell differentiation and migration
Inheritance and Mapping of<i>Mj-2</i>, a New Source of Root-knot Nematode (<i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>) Resistance in Carrot (2013)

Root-knot nematodes limit carrot production around the world by inducing taproot forking and galling deformities that render carrots unmarketable. In warmer climates, Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita are most prevalent. In F2 and F3 progeny from the cross between an Asian carrot resistant to M. javanica, PI 652188, and a susceptible carrot, resistance response was incompletely dominant with a relatively high heritability (H (2) = 0.78) and provided evidence for a single gene, designated Mj-2, contributing to resistance. Molecular markers linked to the previously described root-knot nematode resistance gene, Mj-1 on chromosome 8 derived from "Brasilia," demonstrated that Mj-2 does not map to that same locus but is on the same chromosome.
Influence of focus variation on linewidth measurements (2005)

The influence of spatial resolution on linewidth measurements in the critical dimension scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM) was investigated experimentally. Measurement bias variation and measurement repeatabilities of four edge detection algorithms were evaluated with a series of images at varying focus in order to determine the effect of resolution variation. Three of these algorithms, maximum derivative, regression to baseline, and sigmoidal fit, are commonly used on commercial CD-SEMs, and the other is a model-based library (MBL) approach that detects the line edge by comparing CD-SEM line scans to a library of simulated line scans. MBL is able to take into account beam size and other parameters (including sidewall angle of the line structure). These algorithms were applied to images of polycrystalline silicon lines with various sidewall angles taken under different focus conditions. In general, it was observed that repeatability is degraded by defocus, and bias varied with focus and target shape. These results indicate that if two or more tools had different resolutions, measurement results would have different biases depending on target shape. The amounts of errors depend on the algorithms, with MBL the most stable against focus variation. However, it still has some systematic errors and outliers far from best focus. Investigations of electron distributions and the effect of electron incident angle were performed for a better model.
A Screening UHPLC–MS/MS Method for The Analysis of Amyloid Peptides in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Preclinical Species (2010)

A case study shows that the method can be used to determine the relative levels of two key peptides (Aβ(1-38) and Aβ(1-42)) compared with their predose values (a screening assay) in support of preclinical studies.
X-ray structures of two single-residue mutants of DNase I: H134Q and Y76A (1993)

The structures of the single-residue mutants H134Q and Y76A of bovine pancreatic DNase I have been determined and refined including data to 2.3 and 2.4 A resolution respectively, by X-ray crystallography. H134 is an essential catalytic residue, while Y76 contributes to the binding of DNA by providing a large van der Waals contact area that stabilizes the wide minor groove seen in DNase I-DNA complexes. The mutant proteins, which show strongly reduced activities of 0.001% (H134Q) and 0.3% (Y76A), were expressed in E. coli and both crystallize in space-group C2 with almost identical unit cells. The crystal packing scheme is different from that found in wild type crystals grown under very similar conditions, presumably due to the absence of the carbohydrate moiety. In both mutants the conformation of the protein is nearly identical to that of the wild type enzyme and changes are confined to surface loops involved in packing. The disruption of the hydrogen bonds between H134, E78 and Y76 in both mutants leads to an increased mobility and positional shifts in the DNA-binding loop, mainly around residue Y76. This in turn may further reduce DNA-binding affinity and, thus, contribute to the low activity. In contrast, symmetry contacts involving residues 97-108 lead to a stabilization of the flexible loop compared to wild type DNase I.
On‐Line LC‐NMR And Related Techniques (2002)

Contributors. Preface. 1. LC NMR: Theory and Experiment (Klaus Albert). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 NMR in a Flowing Liquid. 1.3 Design of Continuous Flow NMR Probes. 1.4 Experimental Arrangement for HPLC 1H NMR Coupling. 1.5 Practical Considerations, Solvent Suppression Techniques, Gradient Elution and Purity of HPLC Solvents. References. 2. LC NMR: Automation (Ulrich Braumann and Manfred Spraul). 2.1 Practical Use of LC NMR and LC NMR/MS. 2.2 Different Working Modes in LC NMR. 2.3 Use of Mass Spectrometry in the Set Up. 2.4 Measurement Procedures. 2.5 Conclusions. References. 3. Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of HPLC NMR and HPLC NMR MS (John C. Lindon, Jeremy K. Nicholson and Ian D. Wilson). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Technical and Operational Overview. 3.3 Applications in Combinatorial Chemistry. 3.4 Application to Chemical Impurities. 3.5 Application to Chiral Separations of Pharmaceutical Mixtures. 3.6 Application to Natural Products. 3.7 Application to Chemical Reactivity of Drug Glucuronides. 3.8 Application to Futile Deacetylation Reactions. 3.9 Application to Trapping of Reactive Intermediates. 3.10 Application to Uptake and Transformation of Xenobiotics by Plants. 3.11 Separation of Lipoproteins and their Characterisation using HPLC NMR. 3.12 Superheated Water HPLC NMR and HPLC NMR MS Studies on Pharmaceuticals. 3.13 Application of Hypernation to a Mixture of Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs. 3.14 Concluding Remarks. References. 4. Application of On Line LC NMR and Related Techniques to Drug Metabolism Studies (John P. Shockcor). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 LC NMR Techniques. 4.3 Application of LC NMR MS to Drug Metabolism: The Structure Elucidation of Rat Urinary Metabolites of Efavirenz by LC NMR MS. Conclusions. References. 5. LC NMR for Natural Products Analysis. 5.1 Application of LC NMR and LC NMR MS Hyphenation to Natural Products Analysis (Martin Sandvoss). References. 5.2 Hyphenation of Modern Extraction Techniques to LC NMR for the Analysis of Geometrical Carotenoid Isomers in Functional Food and Biological Tissues (Tobias Glaser and Klaus Albert). References. 6. LC NMR in Environmental Analysis (Alfred Preiss and Markus Godejohann). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Target and Non Target Analysis. 6.3 LC NMR Coupling in Non Target Analysis. 6.4 Application of LC NMR and LC NMR in Combination with LC MS to Environmental Samples. 6.5 Simulation of Environmental Processes. 6.6 Conclusions. References. 7. Related Techniques Introduction. 7.1 GPC NMR Coupling (Heidrun Handel and Klaus Albert). References. 7.2 SFC NMR and SFE NMR (Holger Fischer and Klaus Albert). 7.3 Nanoliter NMR. 8. Future Developments Introduction. 8.1 HPLC 13C NMR (Klaus Albert). 8.2 Parallel NMR Detection (Andrew G. Webb, Jonathan V. Sweedler and Daniel Raftery). Concluding Remarks (Klaus Albert). Index.
Skin Reactions From Gold Jewelry Contaminated With Radon Deposit (1967)

GOLD JEWELRY may be contaminated sufficiently with radiation to represent a hazard to the wearer. The finding of gold rings containing decay products of radon has prompted this report. <h3>Report of Cases</h3> A professor and his wife were seen by us because of chronic skin lesions of their ring fingers and the recent finding of radioactivity in their wedding rings. In December 1940, 26 years ago, they were married in a double ring ceremony. They wore their rings constantly, and the bride noticed a rash under her ring after about a year. Subsequently a skin reaction also developed under the husband's ring. In those early years of their marriage they were living in Indiana, and the skin rashes were considered to be due to detergents which had just been available to the housewife. The itching, redness, and later blistering of the fingers finally forced both husband and wife to remove
Visual hierarchical key analysis (2005)

Tonal music is often conceived of as progressing through a sequence of key regions, usually starting and ending in the tonic key, with a journey away from the tonic key somewhere in the middle of the piece. This article presents a visual method of displaying the musical key structure of a composition in a single picture. The hierarchical plots can also show the relative strength of these key regions and how they develop out of the chordal substrate of the music.
Those New Barley and Flax Varieties (1959)

Growers in northwestern Iowa will be hearing more about several new and improved varieties of barley and flax. Particularly promising varieties for Iowa are Traill and Liberty barley as well as Arny and Bolley flax.
Circofer -- Low cost approach to DRI production (1994)

Lurgi's Circofer Process for reducing fine ores with coal in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) is a direct approach by using a widely applied and proven reactor in commercializing a state of the art technology. The technology is in response to the demand for a direct reduction process of the future by making possible: the use of low cost ore fines and inexpensive primary energy, fine coal; production of a high grade product used as feedstock by mini mills with the additional advantage of dilution of contaminants introduced by scrap; low environmental impact; and low specific investment costs due to the closed energy circuit. With the incorporation of the latest developments in CFB technology, Circofer offers excellent heat and mass transfer conditions and, consequently, improved gas and energy utilization. High gas conversions using recycle gas have a positive influence on the process economics whereby no export gas is produced. Sticking, accretion and reoxidation problems, which have plagued all previous attempts at developing direct reduction processes using fine ore and coal as a reductant, are avoided, essentially by operating with defined amounts of excess carbon and separation of the reduction and gasifying zones.
The use of vertical seismic profiles in seismic investigations of the Earth (1982)

Abstract During the past 8 years, the U.S. Geological Survey has conducted an extensive investigation on the use of vertical seismic profiles (VSP) in a variety of seismic exploration applications. Seismic sources used were surface air guns, vibrators, explosives, marine air guns, and downhole air guns. Source offsets have ranged from 100 to 7800 ft. Well depths have been from 1200 to over 10,000 ft.We have found three specific ways in which VSPs can be applied to seismic exploration. First, seismic events observed at the surface of the ground can be traced, level by level, to their point of origin within the earth. Thus, one can tie a surface profile to a well log with an extraordinarily high degree of confidence. Second, one can establish the detectability of a target horizon, such as a porous zone. One can determine (either before or after surface profiling) whether or not a given horizon or layered sequence returns a detectable reflection to the surface. The amplitude and character of the reflection can also be observed. Third, acoustic properties of a stratigraphic sequence can be measured and sometimes correlated to important exploration parameters. For example, sometimes a relationship between apparent attenuation and sand percentage can be established.The technique shows additional promise of aiding surface exploration indirectly through studies of the evolution of the seismic pulse, studies of ghosts and multiples, and studies of seismic trace inversion techniques.Nearly all current seismic data-processing techniques are adaptable to the processing of VSP data, such as normal moveout (NMO) corrections, stacking, single- and multiple-channel filtering, deconvolution, and wavelet shaping.
Adenylylation and Catalytic Properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Glutamine Synthetase Expressed in Escherichia coli versus Mycobacteria (2004)

Bacterial glutamine synthetases (GSs) are complex dodecameric oligomers that play a critical role in nitrogen metabolism, converting ammonia and glutamate to glutamine. Recently published reports suggest that GS from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) may be a therapeutic target (Harth, G., and Horwitz, M. A. (2003) Infect. Immun. 71, 456-464). In some bacteria, GS is regulated via adenylylation of some or all of the subunits within the aggregate; catalytic activity is inversely proportional to the extent of adenylylation. The adenylylation and deadenylylation of GS are catalyzed by adenylyl transferase (ATase). Here, we demonstrate via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry that GS from pathogenic M. tuberculosis is adenylylated by the Escherichia coli ATase. The adenylyl group can be hydrolyzed by snake venom phosphodiesterase to afford the unmodified enzyme. The site of adenylylation of MTb GS by the E. coli ATase is Tyr-406, as indicated by the lack of adenylylation of the Y406F mutant, and, as expected, is based on amino acid sequence alignments. Using electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy methodology, we found that GS is not adenylylated when obtained directly from MTb cultures that are not supplemented with glutamine. Under these conditions, the highly related but non-pathogenic Mycobacterium bovis BCG yields partially ( approximately 25%) adenylylated enzyme. Upon the addition of glutamine to the cultures, the MTb GS becomes significantly adenylylated ( approximately 30%), whereas the adenylylation of M. bovis BCG GS does not change. Collectively, the results demonstrate that MTb GS is a substrate for E. coli ATase, but only low adenylylation states are accessible. This parallels the low adenylylation states observed for GS from mycobacteria and suggests the intriguing possibility that adenylylation in the pathogenic versus non-pathogenic mycobacteria is differentially regulated.