gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The microflora of periodontal sites showing active destructive progression (1991)

20 adult periodontitis (AP) subjects were examined every 2 to 4 months and microbiological samples were collected and cultured when 2 mm or more loss of attachment (active sites) was detected by 2 examiners. Similar sites in which no progressive destruction was observed (control sites) also were sampled in the same subjects. By lambda-analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in floras of active (42 sites from 12 subjects) and control (36 sites from 12 subjects) sites or between the floras of the active and control sites and of 63 samples from 22 AP subjects that were examined previously in a cross-sectional study. By paired t test, no microbial species had a significantly greater association with active than with control sites. The only species that were detected in one or more samples from all subjects with active sites were Wolinella recta, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Peptostreptococcus micros. Porphyromonas gingivalis and 9 other taxa were isolated from one-half or more of the persons with active sites. The composition of microbiological floras of all periodontitis samples was statistically significantly different from that of subjects with healthy gingiva. The composition of microfloras of sites in subjects with naturally-occurring gingivitis was intermediate between that of subjects with healthy gingiva and that of active and control sites in AP subjects.
Single tube multiplex polymerase chain reaction genotype analysis of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1: relation of genotypes to TP53 tumor status and clinicopathological variables in breast cancer patients (1998)

Glutathione S-transferases are involved in the conjugation of a number of human carcinogens. The frequencies of the deletion alleles coding for GSTM1, and GSTT1, related to deficient conjugation of xenobiotics, as well as a recently reported variant in the exon 5 of GSTP1 were investigated in this study. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction based method for a rapid and high throughput genotype analysis of all three GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genes in a single tube was developed. Leukocyte DNA from two hundred and thirty-nine (n = 239) breast cancer patients were genotyped. Tumors from a subset of these breast cancer patients (n = 131) have previously been investigated for mutations in the TP53 gene, levels of p53 protein accumulation and loss of heterozygosity at several loci on chromosome 17. When genetic alterations in the tumors were analyzed with respect to glutathione S-transferase genotypes, a significantly higher proportion of the patients with a G allele (GG + AG) of the GSTP1 had loss of heterozygosity at the TP53 gene locus mapping to 17p, compared with non-G allele carriers (74% versus 29%) (P = 0.018). The patients carrying the G allele of GSTP1 also had more frequently mutations in the TP53 gene in their tumor (38%), compared with patients with the AA genotype (21%) (P = 0.055). G allele carriers had predominantly deletion or transversion mutations in the TP53 gene (5 of 7 and 5 of 6 respectively). A higher frequency of the G allele carriers was observed among patients with negative lymph node status (P = 0.0004). A higher proportion of the patients with positive lymph node status at the time of diagnosis had a combined GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null genotype (P = 0.05). Patients who were homozygous for the deleted GSTM1 allele were found to have a significantly shorter overall survival (P = 0.036).
Factors Affecting Light‐Induced Pink Discoloration of Annatto‐Colored Cheese (1995)

ABSTRACT The effects of light type, exposure and intensity, storage temperature, pH, fat content, and age and source of colorant were evaluated on stability of annatto colorants in cheese. Exposure to cool white fluorescent lighting resulted in a decrease in Hunter b values and hue throughout storage. Decreased temperature reduced the loss of a and b values after 2 days of light exposure. As time of exposure increased, reduction of a and b also increased. As pH changed from 5.4 to 4.8, b values were reduced at a faster rate than a values resulting in an intense pink color. Commercial cheese colorants extracted from annatto seeds were variable in color stability.
Super-relativistic fluxon in a Josephson multilayer: Experiment and simulation (2002)

The propagation of a single Josephson vortex is studied experimentally in stacks of five and ten Nb-${\mathrm{A}\mathrm{l}/\mathrm{A}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{O}}_{x}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Nb}$ annular Josephson tunnel junctions. To gain a detailed insight in the dynamics of the system, experimental data are compared to numerical simulations. This comparison enables us to determine the particular junction in the stack in which the vortex is located. We study in detail the interaction of the vortex with the Josephson plasma oscillations at different temperatures that correspond to different dissipation values. At low temperatures, the resonant locking of the vortex to the emitted Cherenkov waves is observed. At high temperatures, the nonresonant behavior of the vortex is found. Experimental data, simulation, and analytical models are in good agreement, and show a consistent picture of the dynamics of a single vortex in the stack.
Immunohistochemical phenotyping of malignant melanoma. A procedure whose time has come in pathology practice. (1990)

Experience has shown that markers created in research laboratories can be adapted to everyday surgical pathology practice for malignant melanomas. These studies are feasible and readily conducted on frozen tissue as is routinely done in typing of lymphoma. The demonstration of heterogeneity using this monoclonal antibody panel, and other antibodies yet to come, may be important for prognostication. Tumor cell heterogeneity of surface antigens reflects disruption of the tumor cell's patterned gene expression. This should be regarded as an indication of different clones of cells (subsets) with a tumor, whether primary or secondary. It is entirely possible that autologous immune cells can kill or at least restrict the growth of subsets of melanoma cells having certain surface antigenic phenotypes while they are incompetent to handle other subsets. This would enable a particular phenotype within a primary melanoma to survive and escape the immunologic regression known to occur in 3 to 6 percent of these tumors. Such patients may present years later with metastases in the brain, liver, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, or lymph nodes. There are also implications in chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy for melanoma in this regard. It could be theorized that these agents may dispose of or restrict the growth of some phenotypes, leaving others in a resistant state. Perhaps the MDR gene is activated. Alternatively a tumor suppressor gene(s) could be absent or inactivated, as in neuroblastoma and carcinoma of the breast and lung. Markers present at the cell membrane surfaces and in the membranes themselves constitute an important field for study in the understanding of tumorigenesis. Many of these markers are present in embryos as early as the 4-to-8-cell stage and in blastocysts. Embryonic antigens in the intercell mass of blastocysts are stage-specific embryonic antigens. They are signals for organ development and the differentiation of cells. At various stages of this development, these markers disappear, especially upon differentiation into tissue types and specific organs. These cell signals are therefore organogenesis markers. Detecting a given antigen is not simple because it may be present but not immunohistochemically detectable because glycosylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, or sulfation have not taken place, or have resulted in a structural conformation not recognized by monoclonal antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Novel nonsense mutation in the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene and nonrandom X‐inactivation causing Lesch‐Nyhan syndrome in a female patient (1996)

Lesch-Nyhan (LN) disease is a severe X-linked recessive neurological disorder associated with a loss of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity (HPRT, EC 2.4.2.8). We have studied the second example of a female patient with LN disease. The molecular basis of HPRT deficiency in this patient was a previously undescribed nucleotide substitution in exon 6. In this gene, designated HPRT PARIS, a single nucleotide substitution from T to G at base position 558 changed a tyrosine (TAT) to a codon STOP (TAG) (Y153X). Analysis of the mother revealed a normal sequence of the HPRT cDNA and demonstrated that this mutation arose through a de novo gametic event. Allele-specific amplification of exon 6 from the patient's genomic DNA confirmed the single base substitution and showed that the patient was heterozygous for this mutation. Investigation of X-chromosomal inactivation by comparison of methylation patterns of patient's DNA isolated from fibroblasts, T lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear cells digested with PstI and BstXI, with or without HpaII, and hybridized with M27 β probe indicated a nonrandom pattern of X-chromosomal inactivation in which there was preferential inactivation of the maternal allele. The data indicate that nonrandom X-inactivation leading to selective inactivation of the maternal gene and a de novo point mutation in the paternal gene were responsible for the lack of HPRT activity in this patient. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Paraphrase assessment in structured vector space (2009)

The appropriateness of paraphrases for words depends often on context: "grab" can replace "catch" in "catch a ball", but not in "catch a cold". Structured Vector Space (SVS) (Erk and Padó, 2008) is a model that computes word meaning in context in order to assess the appropriateness of such paraphrases. This paper investigates "best-practice" parameter settings for SVS, and it presents a method to obtain large datasets for paraphrase assessment from corpora with WSD annotation.
C-Terminal Moiety of Tudor Contains Its In Vivo Activity in Drosophila (2010)

I conclude that the C-terminal moiety of Tud contains all the information necessary for its localization in the nuage and pole plasm and its pole cell-forming activity. The present results challenge published data and may help refining the functional features of Tud.
Development of therapeutic approaches to ‘triple negative’ phenotype breast cancer (2008)

The results of large prospective randomised controlled trials are currently awaited. Efforts to unravel the heterogeneity and complexity of TNP cancers using the latest high-throughput molecular techniques and integrating these findings with biology-driven therapeutic strategies in clinical trials will be of paramount importance for the development of treatment approaches for this breast cancer subtype.
Using heat maps for studying user preferences in vertical and horizontal multi-touch surfaces (2013)

This paper presents a study of muti-touch interactive surfaces based on the use of heat maps. The results of the study sheds light on two main issues that have not been researched formally thus far: User preferences between horizontal and vertical interactive surfaces, and preferred touch zones on both types of interactive surfaces. Our findings have implications for the design of user interfaces for multi-touch surfaces as well as for the use of vertical or horizontal surfaces in individual or collaborative settings.
O desenvolvimento da indústria na região de Coimbra entre 1867 e 1927 (2012)

(sem entrada)
Prediction Model of Range Correction Falling Points Based on Extended Kalman Filter (2013)

In order to solve the problems that the trodictional experiment was of poor consistence on experiment condition and large amount of projectile concuming when evaluating the correction ability of one-dimensional range-correction fuze,a ballistic model of falling points prediction based on extended Kalman filtering was established.In the traditional method,each group of non-corrected and corrected ammunition were fired,then their differences of falling points were compared.In the proposed method,just one group of correted ammunition was fired,and the falling points of non-corrected ammunition was predicted,then the falling points differences between the prediction and the correction was compared.The feasibility of the method had been demonstrated in tests.The tests results showed that the predicted trajectory precision was high,which could be used to assess the correction ability of one-dimensional range-correction fuze.
Reducing bias and inefficiency in the selection algorithm (1987)

Most implementations of genetic algorithms experience sampling bias and are unnecessarily inefficient. This paper reviews various sampling algorithms proposed in the literature and offers two new algorithms of reduced bias and increased efficiency. An empirical analysis of bias is then presented.
Yield and composition of cell wall residues isolated from various feedstuffs used for non‐ruminant farm animals (1986)

Abstract The contents of cell wall residue were measured in 14 common feedstuffs used for non‐ruminant farm animals by utilising a technique involving pronase and α‐amylase treatments. Comparison with the contents of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) revealed that the NDF procedure underestimated cell wall contents in the dicotyledonous plant materials. The losses of cell wall material due to the neutral detergent solution were correlated ( r =0.931, P <0.01) with the amount of pectic substances present in the cell wall residues of the dicotyledonous plant materials. Cell wall residues were analysed for starch, crude protein, polysaccharides, condensed tannins, sulphuric acid lignin, acetyl bromide lignin, and ash. Condensed tannins in the cell wall residues of sorghum, rapeseed meal and field bean resulted in a large protein contamination (11.3–26.6%) of these residues and to an overestimation of their lignin content. Compositions of polysaccharides are discussed from chemical and nutritonal viewpoints.
Synergic effect of simultaneous fluorination and platinization of TiO<sub>2</sub>surface on anoxic photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds (2007)

Simultaneously surface fluorinated and platinized TiO2 (F-TiO2/Pt) exhibits a novel photocatalytic activity for the anoxic degradation of organic compounds, which is attributed to the unique synergic effect of surface fluorination and platinization on the photo-induced charge transfer process.
Adaptive skin segmentation via feature-based face detection (2014)

Variations in illumination can have significant effects on the apparent colour of skin, which can be damaging to the efficacy of any colour-based segmentation approach. We attempt to overcome this issue by presenting a new adaptive approach, capable of generating skin colour models at run-time. Our approach adopts a Viola-Jones feature-based face detector, in a moderate-recall, high-precision configuration, to sample faces within an image, with an emphasis on avoiding potentially detrimental false positives. From these samples, we extract a set of pixels that are likely to be from skin regions, filter them according to their relative luma values in an attempt to eliminate typical non-skin facial features (eyes, mouths, nostrils, etc.), and hence establish a set of pixels that we can be confident represent skin. Using this representative set, we train a unimodal Gaussian function to model the skin colour in the given image in the normalised rg colour space – a combination of modelling approach and colour space that benefits us in a number of ways. A generated function can subsequently be applied to every pixel in the given image, and, hence, the probability that any given pixel represents skin can be determined. Segmentation of the skin, therefore, can be as simple as applying a binary threshold to the calculated probabilities. In this paper, we touch upon a number of existing approaches, describe the methods behind our new system, present the results of its application to arbitrary images of people with detectable faces, which we have found to be extremely encouraging, and investigate its potential to be used as part of real-time systems.
Optical doping of waveguide materials by MeV Er implantation (1991)

Implantation of MeV erbium ions into micron-thick silica and phosphosilicate glass films and 1200-Å-thick Si3N4 films is studied with the aim of incorporating the rare-earth dopant on an optically active site in the network. Implantation energies and fluences range from 500 keV to 3.5 MeV and 3.8×1015 to 9.0×1016 ions/cm2. After proper thermal annealing, all implanted films show an intense and sharply peaked photoluminescence spectrum centered around λ = 1.54 μm. The fluorescence lifetime ranges from 6 to 15 ms for the silica-based glasses, depending on annealing treatment and Er concentration. Silicon nitride films show lower lifetimes, in the range &lt;0.2–7 ms. Annealing characteristics of all materials are interpreted in terms of annealing of ion-induced network defects. These defects are identified using photoluminescence spectroscopy at 4.2 K. Concentration quenching, diffusion and precipitation behavior of Er is also studied.
THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ENZYMATIC DIGESTS OF INSULIN<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ENZYMATIC DIGESTS OF INSULIN1J. Ieuan Harris and Choh Hao LiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 11, 2945–2946Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01131a523https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01131a523research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Widening appeal (1993)

I would like to commend Physics World for some of its recent coverage on physics education, particularly at age 17–18 years and first-degree level. I would specifically mention: many letters on the possibility of offering courses with reduced mathematical contents – this was likened to "the gelding of a stallion" and "throwing the baby out with the bathwater" by the correspondents; Richard Berts' comment on the appeal or otherwise of physics courses, and the way they could be widened (January, Forum p14); and your report that while Italian physics degrees are structured to produce research staff, a shorter form for students intending to go into industry is being considered (January, Features p29).
Mass Transport to Nanoelectrode Arrays and Limitations of the Diffusion Domain Approach: Theory and Experiment (2009)

The diffusion domain approach is a general framework for the understanding, interpretation, and prediction of the response of microelectrode arrays. This work exposes some of its limitations, particularly when dealing with nanoelectrode arrays of a few micrometers in size. This article also provides an overview of the principles and assumptions underpinning the diffusion domain approach, and then applies it to the study to approach, which is then applied to the study of nanoelectrode arrays. The apparent disagreement between theory and experimental data, due to the importance of radial diffusion to nanoelectrode arrays compared to microelectrode arrays, is explained by using simulations and experiments. The principle that an array of micro- or nanoelectrodes eventually behaves as if the entire array were a single electrode of the size of the array, with its corresponding properties, always applies. However, while microelectrode arrays tend to behave as macroelectrodes, nanoelectrode arrays on the other hand may behave as microelectrodes. For the case of arrays of small numbers of electrodes, or array sizes of micrometers or less, this compromises one of the key assumptions of the diffusion domain approach, namely that inner electrodes in an array are equivalent, which may lead the unaware to erroneous conclusions.
On the distribution of search cost for the move-to-front rule (1996)

A file of records, each with an associated request probability, is dynamically maintained as a serial list. Successive requests are mutually independent. The list is reordered according to the move-to-front (MTF) rule: The requested record is moved to the front of the list. We derive the stationary distribution of search cost (=depth of requested item) by embedding in Poisson processes and derive certain finite-time stochastic ordering results for the MTF chain so embedded. A connection with cache fault probabilities is discussed. We also establish a Schur-concavity result for stationary expected search cost. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Disruption of a mitochondrial protease machinery in Plasmodium falciparum is an intrinsic signal for parasite cell death (2011)

The ATP-dependent ClpQY protease system in Plasmodium falciparum is a prokaryotic machinery in the parasite. In the present study, we have identified the complete ClpQY system in P. falciparum and elucidated its functional importance in survival and growth of asexual stage parasites. We characterized the interaction of P. falciparum ClpQ protease (PfClpQ) and PfClpY ATPase components, and showed that a short stretch of residues at the C terminus of PfClpY has an important role in this interaction; a synthetic peptide corresponding to this region antagonizes this interaction and interferes with the functioning of this machinery in the parasite. Disruption of ClpQY function by this peptide caused hindrance in the parasite growth and maturation of asexual stages of parasites. Detailed analyses of cellular effects in these parasites showed features of apoptosis-like cell death. The peptide-treated parasites showed mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Dysfunctioning of mitochondria initiated a cascade of reactions in parasites, including activation of VAD–FMK-binding proteases and nucleases, which resulted in apoptosis-like cell death. These results show functional importance of mitochondrial proteases in the parasite and involvement of mitochondria in programmed cell death in the malaria parasites.