gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Survival improvement with dynamic cardiomyoplasty in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. (1991)

Surgical support to the failing heart has been investigated in the treatment of severe myocardial failure. Dynamic cardiomyoplasty was indicated in 32 patients with dilated or chagasic cardiomyopathy who were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV despite maximum medical therapy. Fifteen patients were operated on, and 17 refused the surgical treatment and were maintained by clinical means. With an average follow-up period of 12.3 months, actuarial survival rates for cardiomyoplasty patients were 86.6% at 6 months, 78.7% at 1 year, and 65.6% at 2 years of follow-up, whereas patients under medical therapy presented survival rates of 58.8%, 41.1%, and 27.4% at the same periods, respectively (p = 0.03). Furthermore, five of the 11 surviving patients of the cardiomyoplasty group are in NYHA class I, five in class II, and one in class III. At 6 months of cardiomyoplasty follow-up, rest radioisotopic left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 20.1 +/- 3.9% to 26.8 +/- 7.5% (p less than 0.01). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing showed that maximum oxygen consumption during treadmill testing improved from 14.7 +/- 3.9 to 18.3 +/- 3.9 ml/kg/min (p = 0.01). At 1 year of follow-up, these data remained essentially unchanged. In conclusion, dynamic cardiomyoplasty reverses congestive heart failure and improves the long-term survival of patients with severe cardiomyopathies.
Image Color Recognition System Based on Labview (2015)

In order to solve the problem such as measuring errors and faults in the color detection because of fatigue and individual differences, and to solve the problems of poor relevant of equipment and weak data-processing ability on the color detection. The solution of images color difference recognition system based on Labview is proposed. The solution is establishing the system simulation platform on Labview software.
Dynamic Pricing for Resource Consumption in Cloud Service (2018)

This paper studies dynamic pricing for cloud service where different resources are consumed by different users. The traditional cloud resource pricing models can be divided into two categories: on‐demand service and reserved service. The former only takes the using time into account and is unfair for the users with long using time and little concurrency. The latter charges the same price to all the users and does not consider the resource consumption of users. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a flexible dynamic pricing model for cloud resources, which not only takes into account the occupying time and resource consumption of different users but also considers the maximal concurrency of resource consumption. As a result, on the one hand, this dynamic pricing model can help users save the cost of cloud resources. On the other hand, the profits of service providers are guaranteed. The key of the pricing model is how to efficiently calculate the maximal concurrency of resource consumption since the cost of providers is dynamically varied based on the maximal concurrency. To support this function in real time, we propose a data structure based on the classical B+ tree and the implementation for its corresponding basic operations like insertion, deletion, split, and query. Finally, the experiment results show that we can complete the dynamic pricing query on 10 million cloud resource usage records within 0.2 seconds on average.
Green radio: radio techniques to enable energy-efficient wireless networks (2011)

Recent analysis by manufacturers and network operators has shown that current wireless networks are not very energy efficient, particularly the base stations by which terminals access services from the network. In response to this observation the Mobile Virtual Centre of Excellence (VCE) Green Radio project was established in 2009 to establish how significant energy savings may be obtained in future wireless systems. This article discusses the technical background to the project and discusses models of current energy consumption in base station devices. It also describes some of the most promising research directions in reducing the energy consumption of future base stations.
Engineering Redox Cofactor Regeneration for Improved Pentose Fermentation in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2003)

Pentose fermentation to ethanol with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae is slow and has a low yield. A likely reason for this is that the catabolism of the pentoses D-xylose and L-arabinose through the corresponding fungal pathways creates an imbalance of redox cofactors. The process, although redox neutral, requires NADPH and NAD+, which have to be regenerated in separate processes. NADPH is normally generated through the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway by the action of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ZWF1). To facilitate NADPH regeneration, we expressed the recently discovered gene GDP1, which codes for a fungal NADP+-dependent D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-GAPDH) (EC 1.2.1.13), in an S. cerevisiae strain with the D-xylose pathway. NADPH regeneration through an NADP-GAPDH is not linked to CO2 production. The resulting strain fermented D-xylose to ethanol with a higher rate and yield than the corresponding strain without GDP1; i.e., the levels of the unwanted side products xylitol and CO2 were lowered. The oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway is the main natural path for NADPH regeneration. However, use of this pathway causes wasteful CO2 production and creates a redox imbalance on the path of anaerobic pentose fermentation to ethanol because it does not regenerate NAD+. The deletion of the gene ZWF1 (which codes for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), in combination with overexpression of GDP1 further stimulated D-xylose fermentation with respect to rate and yield. Through genetic engineering of the redox reactions, the yeast strain was converted from a strain that produced mainly xylitol and CO2 from D-xylose to a strain that produced mainly ethanol under anaerobic conditions.
Antigens for pre‐erythrocytic malaria vaccines: building on success (2009)

Immunization with attenuated pre-erythrocytic malaria parasites can confer sterile protection against malaria in humans and rodents, and a single pre-erythrocytic antigen incorporated in a subunit vaccine has substantially reduced clinical Plasmodium falciparum malaria episodes in African infants during phase 2 trials. Building upon this success has been hindered by technical obstacles that limit research on pre-erythrocytic parasites, especially the liver stage (LS) parasites, and by an incomplete understanding of the immune mechanisms that confer protection in humans. Recent improvements in growing and isolating LS parasites have allowed progress in defining the transcriptome and proteome of the LS parasite, although more work remains to be done particularly for the early LS parasite of P. falciparum. Next generation pre-erythrocytic antigens can be assessed and prioritized based on immunization studies in animals, and on models of immunity such as attenuated parasite vaccines that confer sterile protection or naturally acquired LS-specific immune responses that correlate with protection in endemic areas. Although mechanisms of protection in humans remain poorly understood, the availability of a human malaria challenge model for early clinical testing of candidate vaccines is a valuable tool to confirm which immunogens should move forward to larger field trials.
Development of 3-D Microbioreactor Systems for Cell-Based High Throughput Screening (2012)

Drug screening is a long and costly process confronted with low productivity and challenges in using animals.3-D cell-based high-throughput platforms have been developed to improve drug-screening efficiency and minimize animal testing.However, online monitoring of cell proliferation, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) has been a challenge in 3-D cell-based assays.In this work, a 40 micro-well plate bioreactor (40-MBR) system was developed as a high-throughput platform for 3-D cell cultures.This 40-MBR has similar dimensions of a 384-well plate (384-MWP) can provide real-time and noninvasive monitoring of cell proliferation, pH, and DO in 3-D microenvironments.A colon cancer cell line expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a constitutive CMV promoter was tested with two potential cancer drugs using the 40-MBR and 384-MWP.Compared to the 384-MWP, the 40-MBR gave more reliable and highly reproducible growth kinetic data with reduced experimental errors.This study demonstrated the potential application of the 40-MBR as a high-throughput platform for screening potential cancer drugs and evaluating their cytotoxic effects in the early-stage drug discovery.Cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity of chemicals were also investigated in the 40-MBR using EGFP-expressing embryonic stem cells (ESCs).Embryonic stem cell test (EST) has been used as an in vitro model for assessing embryotoxicity.However, the Vita
Base Encryption: Dynamic algorithms, Keys, and Symbol Set (2000)

All the current modern encryption algorithms utilize fixed symbols for plaintext and cyphertext. What I mean by fixed is that there is a set and limited number of symbols to represent the characters, numbers, and punctuations. In addition, they are usually the same (the plaintext symbols have the same and equivalent counterpart in the cyphertext symbols). Almost all the encryption algorithms rely on a predefined keyspace and length for the encryption/decription keys, and it is usually fixed (number of bits). In addition, the algorithms used by the encryptions are static. There is a predefined number of operatiors, and a predefined order (loops included) of operations. The algorithm stays the same, and the plaintext and cyphertext along with the key are churned through this cypherblock. Base Encryption does the opposite: It utilizes the novel concepts of base conversion, symbol remapping, and dynamic algorithms (dynamic operators and dynamic operations). Base Encryption solves the weakness in todays encryption schemes, namely... Fixed symbols (base) Fixed keylengths Fixed algorithms (fixed number of operations and operators) Unique features... Immune from plain-text-attacks. Immune from brute-force-attacks. Can utilize throwaway algorithms (as opposed to throw away keys). Plug-And-Play engine (other cyphers can be augmentated to it)
Low-Cost Depth and Radiological Sensor Fusion to Detect Moving Sources (2015)

Tracking radioactive sources in 3D can impact homeland security, airport/port surveillance and the military. Unfortunately, the radiological sensors with the highest SNR and the lowest price are unidirectional - i.e. They integrate radiation from a sphere of directions centered at the sensor. We combine such devices with commercially available depth sensors to break this directional ambiguity. We first introduce radiological sensing as an application area for the 3D vision community. Next, we propose a joint calibration algorithm for 3D sensors and unidirectional, or single cell, radiological sensors. Finally, we show applications for tracking people carrying radiological sources.
Extracellular glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored mannoproteins and proteases of<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> (2007)

Extracellular proteins of Cryptococcus neoformans are involved in the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis, and some are immunoreactive antigens that may potentially serve as candidates for vaccine development. To further study the extracellular proteome of the human fungal pathogen Cry. neoformans, we conducted a proteomic analysis of secreted and cell wall-bound proteins with an acapsular strain of Cry. neoformans. Proteins were identified from both intact cells and cell walls. In both cases, extracellular proteins were removed with trypsin or beta-glucanase, and then all proteins/peptides were purified by solid-phase extraction, spin dialysis, and HPLC, and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This study identified 29 extracellular proteins with a predicted N-terminal signal sequence and also a predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor motif in more than half. Among the novel proteins identified were five glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins with extensive Ser/Thr-rich regions but no apparent functional domains, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored aspartic protease, and a metalloprotease with structural similarity to an elastinolytic metalloprotease of Aspergillus fumigatus. This study suggests that Cry. neoformans has the machinery required to target glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins to the cell wall, and it confirms the extracellular proteolytic ability of Cry. neoformans.
Transfer of terbutaline across the human placenta in late pregnancy. (1984)

Placental transfer of terbutaline was studied in 22 women in late pregnancy who were delivered by elective Caesarian section. A single i.v. dose of terbutaline (0.25 or 0.5 mg) was given at various times (13-295 min) before delivery. Immediately after delivery, one blood sample was drawn from the placental side of the umbilical vein and one from the mother's antecubital vein. By use of gas chromatography plus mass spectrometry terbutaline was assayed in maternal plasma and in plasma and whole blood from the umbilical vein. Plasma concentrations in the mothers (Cmv) were initially 7 micrograms/L, while the highest umbilical venous level ( Cuv ) recorded was 3.5 micrograms/L. The ratio Cuv /Cmv increased continuously during the time interval studied and approached unity after 2-3 h. The blood:plasma concentration ratio in venous umbilical blood was initially low. It reached unity after about 60 min, but increased steadily to about 1.5 during the time of study. Thus there was a continuous uptake of terbutaline from plasma into the erythrocytes. The slow in vivo equilibration of terbutaline between plasma and erythrocytes is probably due to the low lipophilicity of the drug. However, the latter characteristic did not seem to impede its diffusion across the placenta to any great degree.
A method for classification of network traffic based on C5.0 Machine Learning Algorithm (2012)

Monitoring of the network performance in highspeed Internet infrastructure is a challenging task, as the requirements for the given quality level are service-dependent. Backbone QoS monitoring and analysis in Multi-hop Networks requires therefore knowledge about types of applications forming current network traffic. To overcome the drawbacks of existing methods for traffic classification, usage of C5.0 Machine Learning Algorithm (MLA) was proposed. On the basis of statistical traffic information received from volunteers and C5.0 algorithm we constructed a boosted classifier, which was shown to have ability to distinguish between 7 different applications in test set of 76,632-1,622,710 unknown cases with average accuracy of 99.3-99.9%. This high accuracy was achieved by using high quality training data collected by our system, a unique set of parameters used for both training and classification, an algorithm for recognizing flow direction and the C5.0 itself. Classified applications include Skype, FTP, torrent, web browser traffic, web radio, interactive gaming and SSH. We performed subsequent tries using different sets of parameters and both training and classification options. This paper shows how we collected accurate traffic data, presents arguments used in classification process, introduces the C5.0 classifier and its options, and finally evaluates and compares the obtained results.
Fault diagnosis method study in roller bearing based on wavelet transform and stacked auto-encoder (2015)

Considering the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of fault vibration signal in the roller bearing system, an intelligent fault diagnosis model based on wavelet transform and stacked auto-encoder is proposed. This paper firstly uses the combination of digital wavelet frame (DWF) and nonlinear soft threshold method to de-noise fault vibration signal. Then stacked auto-encoder is taken to extract the fault signal feature, which is regarded as the input of BP network classifier. The output results of BP network classifier represent fault categories. In addition, neural network ensemble method is also adopted to greatly improve the recognition rate of fault diagnosis.
Mutational Study of the Amino-terminal Domain of Human Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) Locates an Inhibitory Region for Matrix Metalloproteinases (1997)

A bacterial expression system for the inhibitory N-terminal domain of human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (N-TIMP-1) (Huang, W., Suzuki, K., Nagase, H., Arumugam, S., Van Doren, S. R., and Brew, K. (1996) FEBS Lett. 384, 155-161) has been used to produce 20 single- and double-site mutants that probe the roles of different residues in its inhibitory action on metalloproteinases. Mutations that produce the largest increases in the Ki for a C-terminally truncated form of stromelysin 1, MMP-3(DeltaC), but do not disturb the conformation involve substitutions of residues that are located in a ridge that is centered around the disulfide bond between Cys1 and Cys70. Specific residues that have a large influence on activity include Cys1, Thr2, Met66, Val69, and Cys70. Of the mutations introduced, the greatest functional disturbances, reflected in Ki increases of 2-4 orders of magnitude, are generated by changes that disrupt the Cys1-Cys70 disulfide bond and by substitution of Ala for Thr2. Most mutations that perturb the interaction with MMP-3 have parallel effects on the affinity of N-TIMP-1 for MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) and MMP-2 (gelatinase A). However, the Thr2 to Ala mutation produces an inhibitor that is 17-fold more effective against MMP-3 than MMP-1, suggesting that it is feasible to engineer TIMP-1 variants that are more specifically targeted to selected matrix metalloproteinases. The reactive site identified by these studies is a structurally constrained but elongated region of TIMP that can fit the matrix metalloproteinase substrate-binding site.
Origin of Enhanced Crystal Growth Kinetics near <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> Probed with Indomethacin Polymorphs (2006)

Using three crystal polymorphs of indomethacin (IMC), we tested two interpretations of the enhanced crystal growth kinetics near the glass transition temperature Tg. This enhancement refers to the stronger temperature dependence of liquid viscosity eta than crystal growth rate (corrected for thermodynamic driving force). This enhancement is attributed in the first interpretation to an increase of the number of preferred interfacial growth sites with decreasing temperature and, in the second interpretation, to the breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation in deeply supercooled liquids. We measured the growth rates of the IMC polymorphs (alpha, gamma, and delta) from Tg + 9 K (Tg = 314 K) to near the respective melting points. From Tg + 19 K to Tg + 69 K, the growth rates of the polymorphs changed by 10(4) fold but displayed the same temperature dependence (eta-0.78) after corrections for thermodynamic driving forces. These results argue for a liquid-state origin of the enhanced growth kinetics. Below ca. Tg + 19 K, delta IMC continued to grow in the same spherulite morphology but alpha and gamma IMC grew in different, fiberlike morphologies and, if measured consistently, at faster rates. We conclude that the liquid dynamics of IMC controls its crystal growth kinetics over a wide range of temperatures but changes of growth morphologies near Tg also lead to apparent acceleration of growth of certain polymorphs. This work also extended a previous study of D-sorbitol to lower temperatures to enable a broader analysis of crystal growth kinetics of organic molecules near Tg.
Neck and Shoulder Impairments and the Relationship to Quality of Life in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors (2012)

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment has been shown to impact function of the upper quarter; however, no standardized measures have characterized the frequency and severity of these effects and their impact on quality of life. Methods: Forty HNC survivors, age 30-82 years old completed the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire (UW-QoL). Correlations were calculated between each questionnaire. Results: Impairments were noted by 29/40 (73%) on the NDI and 26/37 (70%) on the SPADI. The mean scores on the questionnaires were: NDI = 20.85%, SPADI total = 19.71%, SPADI pain = 23.89%, SPADI disability = 18.59%, and UW-QWOL = 68.08%. Strong and significant correlations were found between: NDI and SPADI (r = 0.86), NDI and UW-QoL (r = -0.84), and SPADI and UW-QoL (r = -0.84). Conclusions: Most respondents indicated impairment in neck and/or shoulder function associated with HNC treatment that strongly correlated to quality of life. These findings suggest that interventions to minimize neck and shoulder impairment may improve quality of life as well as function.
Stereochemistry of the Bucherer–Bergs and Strecker Reactions of 4-<i>tert</i>-Butylcyclohexanone (1975)

The spirohydantoin (α-isomer) obtained from 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone by the Bucherer–Bergs reaction has been shown by n.m.r., u.v., and considerations of steric hindrance to have the tert-butyl group and 1′-nitrogen atom cis; the β isomer obtained via the Strecker reaction, or via modified Bucherer–Bergs reactions employing carbon disulfide or carbon oxysulfide, has these groups trans. The differing stereochemical courses of the various reactions can be explained by a detailed consideration of their mechanisms.
Active mode-locking of an InGaAsP 1.55 μm laser in a fibre resonator with an integrated single-mode-fibre output port (1985)

We describe the first 1.55 μm InGaAsP optical-fibre composite-cavity laser with an integrated single-mode-fibre output port. Mode-locked pulsewidths of 4.8 ps at a 2 GHz repetition rate, with peak powers of 56 mW, are demonstrated. These are the shortest reported mode-locked pulses from InGaAsP lasers.
Experimental therapy of human breast tumors with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies prepared against the human milk fat globule. (1988)

Breast tumors are susceptible to attack by unconjugated anti-human milk fat globule monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and most particularly by their mixture (cocktail) (Cancer Res., 47: 532-540, 1987). In the present study the same MoAbs (Mc1, Mc3, Mc5, and Mc8) labeled with 131I, either singly or in cocktails, were used for a similar purpose. Biodistribution studies showed that a transplantable human breast tumor line (MX-1) implanted in BALB/c nude mice (nu/nu) had the maximum incorporation of injected 131I-MoAbs at day 4 while levels in circulation and in normal tissue declined steadily from day 1. Also, these studies showed that the amount of radiolabeled Mc3 MoAb incorporated by MX-1 tumors was greater than that for cocktail of MoAbs and MoAb Mc5. Tumor destruction by injected 131I-MoAb cocktail was shown in therapy experiments to be dose dependent. A single injection (1500 [corrected] microCi/mouse) of 131I-MoAb Mc3, or of cocktail, produced large breast tumor volume diminution and inhibition of growth for up to 30 days while a similar dose of 131I-labeled control IgG had no effect. A second dose of 1500 [corrected] microCi 131I-MoAb of Mc3 or of cocktail, injected at an appropriate interval, again diminished tumor mass significantly and inhibited its growth for another 20 days. In control experiments, non-breast tumors (colon) were marginally affected by the 131I-MoAbs. These results show that the systemic injection of radioiodinated MoAbs against human milk fat globule destroy the epithelial cells of human breast tumors and control their growth for an appreciable length of time. Radioiodoconjugated MoAbs proved to be more effective than unconjugated MoAbs in reducing breast tumor mass and also in inhibiting growth for longer periods of time at immunoglobulin doses 100 to 200 times lower. Further exploration of their role in breast cancer treatment seems warranted by these results.