gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of nonelastic response of semicrystalline polymers at high strain levels (2000)

The nonelastic behavior at high strains of three semicrystalline polymers [i.e., nylon-6, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate] was investigated. For all materials, room temperature tensile strain recovery tests revealed the existence of two components of nonelastic deformation: a fast-relaxing component (called anelastic) and a slow-relaxing component (usually called plastic). A strain recovery master curve could be constructed for each material from the strain recovery data obtained at various temperatures. The shift factors versus temperature relationship for the strain recovery master curves allowed us to evaluate an activation energy for the nonelastic strain recovery process. These data were then compared with the activation energy for the glass-transition process evaluated by dynamic mechanical measurements at low strain. The aim of this comparison was to investigate the influence of viscoelasticity on the nonelastic deformation recovery. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 1664–1670, 2000
Organizing multimodal perception for autonomous learning and interactive systems (2008)

A stable perception of the environment is a crucial prerequisite for researching the learning of semantics from human-robot interaction and also for the generation of behavior relying on the robots perception. In this paper, we propose several contributions to this research field. To organize visual perception the concept of proto-objects is used for the representation of scene elements. These proto-objects are created by several different sources and can be combined to provide the means for interactive autonomous behavior generation. They are also processed by several classifiers, extracting different visual properties. The robot learns to associate speech labels with these properties by using the outcome of the classifiers for online training of a speech recognition system. To ease the combination of visual and speech classifier outputs, a necessity for the online training and basis for future learning of semantics, a common representation for all classifier results is used. This uniform handling of multimodal information provides the necessary flexibility for further extension. We will show the feasibility of the proposed approach by interactive experiments with the humanoid robot ASIMO.
Preclinical studies of porfiromycin as an adjunct to radiotherapy. (1988)

The bioreductive alkylating agent porfiromycin (POR) is more toxic to EMT6 cells that are hypoxic at the time of treatment than to aerobic cells. The toxicity of POR to hypoxic EMT6 cells in vitro was similar to that of mitomycin C (MC): the aerobic toxicity of POR was considerably less than that of MC. Treatment of cells in vitro with POR before and during irradiation did not sensitize either hypoxic or aerobic cells to X rays; instead, only additive cytotoxicity was produced. In contrast, treatment of solid EMT6 tumors in vivo with POR plus radiation produced supra-additive cytotoxicity, as assessed by analyses of the complete dose-response curves for the killing of tumor cells by radiation alone or by POR alone. The supra-additivity of the combination regimens appeared to reflect the preferential killing by each agent of those tumor cells which were in an environment conferring resistance to the other agent. In contrast, combinations of POR and X rays produced only additive cytotoxicities to marrow CFU-GM. Supra-additive antineoplastic effects were obtained at doses of POR which produced little hematologic or other host toxicity. The complementary cytotoxicities of radiation and POR to cells in different microenvironments in solid tumors and the absence of a similar effect in normal tissue make optimized regimens combining radiotherapy and POR unusually promising for the treatment of solid tumors.
Negative pressure wound therapy: An update (2017)

The VAC therapy is an essential element for the management of problematic acute and chronic wounds.
Thrombomodulin Gene Variants Are Associated With Increased Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Replicated Analyses (2011)

In 2 independent cardiac surgery cohorts, linked common allelic variants in the THBD gene are independently associated with increased long-term mortality risk after CABG and significantly improve the classification ability of traditional postoperative mortality prediction models.
Prospects for terabit-scale nanoelectronic memories (2004)

We have calculated the minimum chip area overhead, and hence the bit density reduction, that may be achieved by memory array reconfiguration (bad bit exclusion), combined with error correction code techniques, in prospective terabit-scale hybrid semiconductor/nanodevice memories, as a function of the nanodevice fabrication yield and the micro-to-nano pitch ratio. The results show that by using the best (but hardly practicable) reconfiguration and block size optimization, hybrid memories with a pitch ratio of 10 may overcome purely semiconductor memories in useful bit density if the fraction of bad nanodevices is below , while in order to get an order-of-magnitude advantage in density, the number of bad devices has to be decreased to . For the simple 'Repair Most' technique of bad bit exclusion, complemented with the Hamming-code error correction, these numbers are close to 2% and 0.1%, respectively. When applied to purely semiconductor memories, the same technique allows us to reduce the chip area 'swelling' to just 40% at as many as 0.1% of bad devices. We have also estimated the power and speed of the hybrid memories and have found that, at a reasonable choice of nanodevice resistance, both the additional power and speed loss due to the nanodevice subsystem may be negligible.
Ultrathin Coatings from Isocyanate Terminated Star PEG Prepolymers:  Patterning of Proteins on the Layers (2005)

This study presents the easy and fast patterning of low molecular weight molecules that act as binding partners for proteins on Star PEG coatings. These coatings are prepared from isocyanate terminated star shaped prepolymers and form a highly cross-linked network on the substrate in which the stars are connected via urea groups and free amino groups are present. Streptavidin has been patterned on these layers by microcontact printing (muCP) of an amino reactive biotin derivative and consecutive binding of streptavidin to the biotin. Patterns of Ni(2+)-nitriltriacetic acid (NTA) receptors have been prepared by printing amino functional NTA molecules in freshly prepared Star PEG layers that still contain amino reactive isocyanate groups. Complexation of the NTA groups with Ni(II) ions enabled the binding of His-tag enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in the desired pattern on the substrates. Since the unmodified Star PEG layers prevent unspecific protein adsorption, His-EGFP could selectively be bound to the sample by immersion into crude, nonpurified His-tag EGFP containing cell lysate.
Linear Prediction Cholesky Decomposition vs Fourier Transform Spectral Analysis for Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (1997)

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) method of spectral analysis converts a time domain signal to a more easily visualized frequency domain spectrum but does not distinguish between signal and noise and produces spectral artifacts (e.g., "Gibb's oscillations") for a truncated and/or improperly sampled time domain signal. For example, FFT cannot resolve two signals if the sampling duration is less than one cycle of the frequency difference between the two signals. Here, linear prediction Cholesky decomposition spectral analysis is applied to ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The algorithm is robust and capable of extracting spectral parameters (frequency, time domain exponential damping constant, magnitude, and phase) from a signal consisting of multiple exponentially damped noisy sinusoids. Compared to FFT data reduction, linear prediction can offer significantly increased sensitivity (for signals at or below the rms noise level), elimination of Gibb's oscillations, and increased spectral resolving power for a time domain signal that either is truncated or has damped to the rms noise level before the end of the acquisition period. The present analysis can handle up to 8K time domain data sets with 2.5 h PC computation time.
Spatial light interference microscopy with programmable illumination patterns (2014)

A commercial projector is used as a programmable illumination source for spatial light interference microscopy, providing flexibility and optimization of illumination pattern for images with higher resolution and less optical artifacts.
Coexpression of CD40 and CD40 ligand in B‐cell lymphoma cells (1998)

CD40 ligand (CD40L) is involved in the T-cell-dependent regulation of B-cell growth and survival and can rescue normal germinal centre B cells and several types of malignant B cells from apoptosis in vitro. We have previously reported that serum of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia contained elevated levels of biologically active soluble CD40L (sCD40L). Whether an augmented CD40L pathway exists in patients with other types of B-cell lymphoid malignancies and the source of native sCD40L in these patients is currently unknown. Using a sensitive ELISA assay, soluble CD40L (sCD40L) was detected in the sera of both healthy individuals and patients with haematological malignancies; however, its level was significantly elevated only in patients with B-cell lymphomas (P<0.0001). Several types of malignant B cells coexpressed CD40 and CD40L proteins, and CD40L mRNA was detected in purified resting malignant B cells. The dual expression of CD40 and CD40L in B cells and the presence of native sCD40L in human serum suggest that a direct T-B-cell contact may not be required for CD40L delivery to B cells. This data raises the possibility that an autocrine cytokine loop involving CD40L may contribute to the growth regulation of benign and malignant B cells in vivo.
Phosphorylation of ubiquitin-activating enzyme in cultured cells. (1995)

Ubiquitin-activating enzyme, E1, is the first enzyme in the pathway leading to formation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates. E1 exists as two isoforms in human cells which are separable by electrophoresis. These isoforms migrate with apparent molecular sizes of 110 kDa and 117 kDa in SDS/polyacrylamide gels. Immunoprecipitation of E1 from lysates of HeLa cells metabolically labeled with [32P]phosphate indicated the presence of a phosphorylated form of E1 which migrates at 117 kDa. Phospho amino acid analysis identified serine as the phosphorylated residue in E1. Phosphorylated E1 was also detected in normal and transformed cells from another human cell line. Phosphatase-catalyzed dephosphorylation of E1 in vitro did not eliminate the 117-kDa E1 isoform detected by Coomassie staining after SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thereby demonstrating that phosphorylation is not the sole structural feature differentiating the isoforms of E1. These observations suggest new hypotheses concerning mechanisms of metabolic regulation of the ubiquitin conjugation pathway.
Human mesenchymal stem cells as a two-edged sword in hepatic regenerative medicine: engraftment and hepatocyte differentiation versus profibrogenic potential (2007)

Transplanted hMSCs have the potential to migrate into normal and injured liver parenchyma, particularly under conditions of chronic injury, but differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells is a rare event and pro-fibrogenic potential of hMSC transplant should be not under-evaluated.
Interferon type I responses in primary and secondary infections (2008)

The mammalian host responds to a microbial infection with a rapid innate immune reaction that is dominated by type I interferon (IFN-I) release. Most cells of vertebrates can respond to microbial attack with IFN-I production, but the cell type responsible for most of the systemic IFN-I release is thought to be plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Besides its anti-microbial and especially anti-viral properties IFN-I also exerts a regulatory role on many facets of the sequential adaptive immune response. One of these is being the recently described partial, systemic activation of the vast majority of B and T lymphocytes in mice, irrespective of antigen reactivity. The biological significance of this partial activation of lymphocytes is at present speculative. Secondary infections occurring within a short time span of a primary infection fail to elicit a similar lymphocyte activation response due to a refractory period in systemic IFN-I production. This period of exhaustion in IFN-I responses is associated with an increased susceptibility of the host to secondary infections. The latter correlates with well-established clinical observations of heightened susceptibility of patients to secondary microbial infections after viral episodes.
The structure of CP-96, 797, a polyether antibiotic related to K-41 A and produced by Streptomyces sp. (1992)

In the course of screening actinomycetes for novel antimicrobial substances, a new strain of Streptomyces sp. was found to produce a new polyether antibiotic, 797 (1). This paper describes the isolation, properties and structure of 1, which is related to K-41A1}.
The RNP protein, RNPS1, associates with specific isoforms of the P34CDC2 related PITSLRE protein kinase in vivo (1998)

ABSTRACT The PITSLRE protein kinases are members of the p34cdc2 superfamily, with &gt;20 different isoforms expressed from two linked genes in humans. PITSLRE homologues have been identified in mouse, chicken, Drosophila, Xenopus, and possibly Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that their function may be well conserved. A possible role for a caspase processed PITSLRE isoform has been suggested by studies of Fas- and TNF-induced cell death. However, the function of these kinases in proliferating cells is still unknown. Here we demonstrate that the 110 kDa PITSLRE isoforms (p110) are localized to both the nucleoplasm and nuclear speckles, and that these isoforms specifically interact in vitro and in vivo with the RNA-binding protein RNPS1. RNPS1 is also localized to nuclear speckles, and its over expression disrupts normal nuclear speckle organization by causing the aggregation of many nuclear speckles into ∼6 ‘mega’ speckles. This type of nuclear speckle aggregation closely resembles what occurs when cells are treated with several transcriptional inhibitors. These data indicate that the PITSLRE p110 isoforms interact with RNPS1 in vivo, and that these proteins may in turn influence some aspect of transcriptional and/or splicing regulation.
The amorphous Si/SiC heterojunction color-sensitive phototransistor (1987)

An amorphous Si/SiC heterojunction color-sensitive phototransistor was successfully fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The structure is glass/ITO/a-Si(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -i)/a-SiC(p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -i-n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> )/Al. The device is a bulk barrier transistor with wide-bandgap amorphous SiC emitter and base. The phototransistor revealed a very high optical gain of 40 and a response speed of 10 µs at an input light power of 5 µW and a collector current of 0.12 mA at a voltage of 14 V. The peak response occurs at 610 nm under 1-V bias and changes to 420 and 540 nm under 7- and 13-V biases, respectively.
Tornado Detection Based on Seismic Signal (1995)

At the present time the only generally accepted method for detecting when a tornado is on the ground is human observation. Based on theoretical considerations combined with eyewitness testimony, there is strong reason to believe that a tornado in contact with the ground transfers a significant amount of energy into the ground. The amount of energy transferred depends upon the intensity of the tornado and the characteristics of the surface. Some portion of this energy takes the form of seismic waves, both body and surface waves. Surface waves (Rayleigh and possibly Love) represent the most likely type of seismic signal to be detected. Based on the existence of such a signal, a seismic tornado detector appears conceptually possible. The major concerns for designing such a detector are range of detection and discrimination between the tornadic signal and other types of surface waves generated by ground transportation equipment, high winds, or other nontornadic sources.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the <i>corticotrophin</i>‐<i>releasing hormone</i> and <i>pro</i>‐<i>opiomelancortin</i> genes are associated with growth and carcass yield in beef cattle (2005)

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the corticotrophin-releasing hormone gene (CRH C22G) alters the fourth amino acid in the signal sequence from proline to arginine. Two other SNPs (CRH A145G and C240G) occur in the propeptide region at residue positions 45 and 77, respectively, that result in serine/asparagine and histidine/aspartic acid substitutions respectively. These SNPs, as well as SNPs in pro-opiomelancortin (POMC), leptin (LEP) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), were evaluated for associations with average daily gain, end-of-test rib-eye area, shipping weight and hot carcass weight in a group of 256 steers using a general linear model. The CRH C22G SNP was associated with end-of-test rib-eye area (P < 0.034) and hot carcass weight (P < 0.0015). The SNP in POMC was associated with shipping weight (P < 0.0078) and hot carcass weight (P = 0.006) while it approached significance for average daily gain (P < 0.07). The SNP in MC4R approached significance for hot carcass weight (P < 0.085) while no significance was observed between the leptin SNP and the above listed traits. Because both CRH and POMC regulate appetite, potential interaction effects between these two genes were assessed. The absence of an interaction effect between CRH and POMC with hot carcass weight suggests that these genes act independently to increase carcass yield. These gene effects used singularly or together could result in an economic benefit to the beef industry.
Differential Effect of Troglitazone on the Human Bile Acid Transporters, MRP2 and BSEP, in the PXB Hepatic Chimeric Mouse (2012)

The aims of this study were to assess the utility of the PXB mouse model of a chimeric human/mouse liver in studying human-specific effects of an important human hepatotoxic drug, the PPARγ agonist, troglitazone. When given orally by gavage for 7 days, at dose levels of 300 and 600 ppm, troglitazone induced specific changes in the human hepatocytes of the chimeric liver without an effect on the murine hepatic portions. The human hepatocytes, in the vehicle-treated PXB mouse, showed an accumulation of electron-dense lipid droplets that appeared as clear vacuoles under the light microscope in H&E-stained sections. Following dosing with troglitazone, there was a loss of the large lipid droplets in the human hepatocytes, a decrease in the amount of lipid as observed in frozen sections of liver stained by Oil-red-O, and a decrease in the expression of two bile acid transporters, BSEP and MRP2. None of these changes were observed in the murine remnants of the chimeric liver. No changes were observed in the expression of three CYPs, CYP 3A2, CYP 1A1, and CYP 2B1, in either the human or murine hepatocytes, even though the baseline expression of the enzymes differed significantly between the two hepatocyte species with the mouse hepatocytes consistently showing increased expression of the protein of all three enzymes. This study has shown that the human hepatocytes, in the PXB chimeric mouse liver, retain an essentially normal phenotype in the mouse liver and, the albeit limited CYP enzymes studied show a more human, rather than a murine, expression pattern. In line with this conclusion, the study has shown a differential response of the human versus the mouse hepatocytes, and the effects observed are highly suggestive of a differential handling of the compound by the two hepatocyte species although the exact reasons are not as yet clear. The PXB chimeric mouse system therefore holds the clear potential to explore human hepatic-specific features, such as metabolism, prior to dosing human subjects, and as such should have considerable utility in drug discovery and development.
CIRCULATING ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN SEMINAL PLASMA IN MAN (1965)

Summary. Antibodies to human seminal plasma (hsp) were assayed by a haemagglutination technique in 618 sera from hospitalized patients. Thirty per cent of the sera had low antibody titres (1:20 to 1:320). Further studies indicated that the antibody measured was a natural isoagglutinin which reacted with the blood group substance found in hsp. However, immunization of rabbits with hsp produced antibody which reacted with other antigens of hsp but not with blood group substance.
Peri-Prosthetic Hip Infections: In Favour of One-Stage (2012)

Although it does offer certain obvious advantages, the one-staged revision approach in infected THA remains rare in the field of orthopaedics. Besides the reduced number of surgical interventions for patients, it is associated with a decreased inpatient hospital stay and quicker mobilisation. Furthermore, it might be the more cost-effective approach and enables a reduced duration of post-operative systemic antibiotics, usually less than 14 days in our setting. Technically speaking, the presence of a positive culture of a pre-operative aspiration and respective antibiogram are mandatory requirements. A general cemented implant fixation using topical antibiotics is the treatment of choice for single-staged procedures. The key to surgical success is based on the well-defined and detailed intra-hospital infrastructure, including a meticulous pre-operative hip aspiration regime, pre-operative planning and an aggressive intra-operative surgical approach.
A comprehensive evaluation of NoSQL datastores in the context of historians and sensor data analysis (2015)

Data historians[1] are today transitioning from their traditional role as record-keepers and planners, to tools that provide the required flexibility and responsiveness to customers' requirements in terms of the type and volume of data stored, archived and queried. Added dimensions to these requirements are the need for high performance and scalability. Businesses are realizing that traditional database management systems i.e. Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) might not be able to handle the deluge of industrial data they are experiencing. With the emerging NoSQL paradigm, there are different kinds of datastores which addresses specific requirements such as improved performance, reliability or user experience. Our study of two NoSQL datastores, HBase and Cassandra, provide the required insights for business units to choose the right technology for their next generation historian systems. To facilitate this study, we propose and use a benchmarking studio that has the ability to generate data for a configurable schema and workload patterns, thus enabling us to perform business use-case specific evaluation of datastores while measuring the key performance indicators. Two industrial cases in the plant automation and energy management are considered for this evaluation. Efficient data modeling techniques and batching mechanisms are defined to store streaming time-series data from sensors and devices with high throughput of approximately one million inserts/second. Mixed workload scenarios are considered to align with the requirements of next generation historians. Detailed experiments for the evaluation of concurrency and load management, scalability, consistency, BI query performance and fault-tolerance are performed on Amazon EC2 dedicated infrastructure for reproducibility and verifiability in the future.