gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Latently and uninfected healthcare workers exposed to TB make protective antibodies against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2017)

The role of Igs in natural protection against infection by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, is controversial. Although passive immunization with mAbs generated against mycobacterial antigens has shown protective efficacy in murine models of infection, studies in B cell-depleted animals only showed modest phenotypes. We do not know if humans make protective antibody responses. Here, we investigated whether healthcare workers in a Beijing TB hospital-who, although exposed to suprainfectious doses of pathogenic Mtb, remain healthy-make antibody responses that are effective in protecting against infection by Mtb. We tested antibodies isolated from 48 healthcare workers and compared these with 12 patients with active TB. We found that antibodies from 7 of 48 healthcare workers but none from active TB patients showed moderate protection against Mtb in an aerosol mouse challenge model. Intriguingly, three of seven healthcare workers who made protective antibody responses had no evidence of prior TB infection by IFN-γ release assay. There was also good correlation between protection observed in vivo and neutralization of Mtb in an in vitro human whole-blood assay. Antibodies mediating protection were directed against the surface of Mtb and depended on both immune complexes and CD4+ T cells for efficacy. Our results indicate that certain individuals make protective antibodies against Mtb and challenge paradigms about the nature of an effective immune response to TB.
Cultural characteristics and virulence of strains of Fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from the feet of cattle and sheep (1985)

Sixty-one isolates of Fusobacterium necrophorum were recovered for study. Thirty-one were obtained from lesions of foot abscess in cattle (25) and sheep (6), 28 were from interdigital lesions in cattle and 2 were from the normal interdigital skin of cattle. The majority of isolates from lesions of foot abscess were virulent, belonged to biotype AB (Fievez 1963), produced flat, irregular shaped, greyish colonies and haemolysis on blood agar, and grew as turbid filamentous suspensions in liquid media. They produced a soluble exotoxin, a leucocidin, and were pathogenic for cattle and mice. Virulent isolates also produced a haemolysin which most readily lysed bovine, equine and chicken erythrocytes; those from sheep were less susceptible while those of rabbit and pig were the most resistant. Isolates recovered from lesions of the feet not classified as foot abscess and from clinically normal feet were predominantly of the B biotype and caused few experimental lesions, produced convex, round, yellow colonies, flocculated and sedimented while growing in liquid medium and produced little or no haemolysin or leucocidin. Routine differentiation between virulent and non-virulent bovine isolates of F. necrophorum could be achieved by assessing the colour, morphology, and degree of haemolytic activity of colonies grown on blood agar.
Simple technique for shaping hydrophilically coated guide wires: usefulness in selective angiography. (1990)

A method is described to shape hydrophilically coated guide wires with specially prepared electronic round-nose pliers. These shaped wires can be engaged with 4-F catheters in the performance of selective angiography. Now even demanding selective catheterizations may be accomplished more easily and safely with small catheters.
Synthesis of carbohydrate biomass-based furanic compounds bearing epoxide end group(s) and evaluation of their feasibility as adhesives (2012)

Current issues of energy and environment prompt us to replace fossil-based resources with renewable and sustainable ones. In this regard, carbohydrate biomass photosynthesized from atmospheric carbon dioxide attracts much attention due to its abundance and availability. Recently, furanic compounds that can be derived from carbohydrate biomass are highlighted as promising substitutes for aromatic compounds that are totally dependent on petroleum reforming processes. In this article, we report on several carbohydrate biomass-based furanic compounds as alternatives to petroleum-based adhesives. Furanic compounds bearing epoxide end group(s) were synthesized from renewable and sustainable carbohydrate biomass-based compounds (>70% yields). Another bis-epoxy furanic compound with a mimetic structure of bisphenol A (BPA) was also synthesized from xylose-derived 2-furan carboxylic acid and acetone (39% overall yield). In particular, epoxy groups were efficiently introduced to the hydroxymethyl functionality attached by furanic cores under the bi-phasic solvent system using phase transfer catalysis. Cationic photo-curing kinetic profiles of synthetic compounds were investigated in terms of heat flow integrals using photo-DSC. It was found that their halftime values (t 1/2), representing curing rates, ranged from 0.54 to 1.15 min when irradiated with 40 mW/cm2 UV light. When synthetic furanic compounds functionalized by epoxide group(s) were used for bonding polycarbonate by cationic photo-curing, we noted that tensile-shear strength of PC joints bonded with biomass-based furan mono-epoxide having furan ring was greater (4.7 MPa) than that of joints bonded with petrochemical-based phenyl glycidyl ether having phenyl ring (2.6 MPa). When bonded with di-epoxide functionalized furan di-epoxide, tensile-shear strength of PC joint was 3.5 MPa after photo-curing for 3 min at 40 °C. However, bis-furan di-epoxide (bFdE), the mimetic compound of BPA showed lower tensile-shear strength (approximately 1 MPa) due to structural features of bFdE, such as rigidity and hydrophobic property.
Adaptation Of Forgotten Buildings The Example Of The Ruins Of The Kościelec Protestant Church In Piaski (2015)

Small towns in the Lublin Province are abundant with buildings possessed of outstanding historical and architectural values, representing the culture of past generations. Piaski, about 30 km east of Lublin, also boasts some of the remarkable characteristic of small towns. Not only does it feature post-Jewish tenements, but also a palace and complexes of religious buildings situated on its outskirts. This article focuses on the Kościelec - an unused, dilapidated former Protestant church. Now, works are being carried out that have inspired the Piaski town authorities to try to find a best-use scenario for the former church, in order to preserve its architectural values for future generations. The authors of this article aim to prove the necessity of research and analysis in finding the best new functions for properties whose function has already been imposed. The example of successfully completed revitalisation works at the palace and park complex in Gardzienice, located not far from the baroque Protestant church in Piaski, illustrates the advantages of some of the adaptation processes that can be employed in such buildings.
PATENTS PROTECT DEEPWATER PLATFORM CONCEPTS (1998)

Numerous deepwater platform concepts have patents that provide an inventor protection for his new ideas. But an inventor should not be discouraged by the fact that many patents exist. In fact, it may be advantageous to build on existing patents and prior art, and patent new ideas and concepts for reducing costs. Challenges still remain such as for optimizing drilling and production operations simultaneously on deepwater platforms for accessing and producing oil and gas reserves.
Analysis of the Epstein-Barr virus origin of plasmid replication (oriP) reveals an area of nucleosome sparing that spans the 3' dyad (1989)

The Epstein-Barr virus oriP, when examined with the use of in vitro nucleosome reconstitution, was found to exhibit a partial sparing of nucleosome assembly within the 3' dyad. Analysis of the homologous region containing the origin of replication of herpesvirus papio disclosed that sparing of nucleosome assembly was conserved between these two related viruses.
Comparative proteomic analysis reveals differentially expressed proteins regulated by a potential tumor promoter, BRE, in human esophageal carcinoma cells (2008)

Esophageal tumorigenesis is a complex and cascading process, involving the interaction of many genes and proteins. In this study, we have used the comparative proteomic approach to identify tumor-associated proteins and explore the carcinogenic mechanisms. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF MS analysis of esophageal carcinoma and control cells revealed 10 proteins that were upregulated. A further 10 proteins were downregulated. Among these 20 differentially expressed proteins, brain and reproductive organ-expressed (BRE) protein was identified as a potential tumor promoter. It was high expressed by the esophageal carcinoma cells, as confirmed by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. BRE has been reported to be a stress-responsive protein. To gain further insight into its function, BRE expression was silenced in esophageal carcinoma cells using BRE-specific small interference RNA. It was discovered that silencing BRE expression downregulated prohibitin expression, but upregulated tumor-suppressor p53 expression. Furthermore, cyclin A and CDK2 expressions were suppressed suggesting that BRE inhibited cell proliferation. These results implied that BRE plays a significant role in mediating antiapoptotic and proliferative responses in esophageal carcinoma cells.
Single Source Optical OFDM Transmitter and Optical FFT Receiver Demonstrated at Line Rates of 5.4 and 10.8 Tbit/s (2010)

OFDM data with line rates of 5.4 Tbit/s or 10.8 Tbit/s are generated and decoded with a new real-time all-optical FFT receiver. Each of 75 carriers of a comb source is encoded with 18 GBd QPSK or 16-QAM.
Roos family (1901)

Journal Article Roos family Get access A. M. A. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-VII, Issue 166, 2 March 1901, Pages 169–170, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-VII.166.169j Published: 02 March 1901
FeRh/FePt antiferromagnet/ferromagnet exchange spring media for thermally assisted magnetic recording (2004)

In this paper, we present a novel media structure consisting of two exchange coupled films: a first layer consisting of a ferromagnetic high anisotropy alloy like, e.g., FePt, and a second layer consisting of FeRh.
<i>Zymomonas mobilis</i>: an alternative ethanol producer (2006)

Abstract Zymomonas mobilis is a unique bacterium in the microbial world, and offers a number of advantages over the existing ethanol‐producing microorganisms. Being a prokaryote, it is more amenable to genetic manipulations. Thus, it has attracted great attention in the ethanol production world and efforts have been made to commercialize its application for the purpose. Despite the various efforts made worldwide, none of the processes using this microbe has been commercialized owing to certain bottlenecks. To circumvent the hindrances currently associated with a Zymomonas process, researchers have made various attempts to improve the technology using different techniques. This paper reviews the different substrates and the genetic improvement techniques with special emphasis on mutagenesis and recombinant DNA technology used for ethanol production by Zymomonas strains. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Construction and characterization of bidirectional expression vectors in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2007)

The GAL1 and GAL10 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are transcribed divergently and transcription of both genes can be induced by galactose and repressed by glucose. This study describes the construction and characterization of 8 bidirectional expression vectors. These vectors carry both a modified inducible GAL promoter in one direction and a constitutive GPD promoter in the reverse direction. When the gene-encoded alpha-galactosidase was cloned into the modified GAL1 and GAL10 vectors, promoter activity was 85% of wild-type for the GAL1 promoter and 90% of wild-type for the GAL10 promoter, respectively. The modified GAL promoters and GPD promoter did not interfere with one another in the bidirectional vectors. Furthermore, yeast overexpressing human Bax under the control of either modified GAL1 or modified GAL10 in a bidirectional vector conferred a lethal phenotype that was rescued by coexpression of human Bcl-2 under the control of the GPD promoter in the same vector. These eight vectors can be used to express lethal genes and screen for genes that rescue the yeast from the lethal gene product.
Observability in Connected Strongly Regular Graphs and Distance Regular Graphs (2014)

This paper concerns the study of observability in consensus networks modeled with strongly regular graphs or distance regular graphs. We first give a Kalman-like simple algebraic criterion for observability in distance regular graphs. This criterion consists in evaluating the rank of a matrix built with the components of the Bose-Mesner algebra associated with the considered graph. Then, we define some bipartite graphs that capture the observability properties of the graph to be studied. In particular, we show that necessary and sufficient observability conditions are given by the nullity of the so-called local bipartite observability graph (respectively, the local unfolded bipartite observability graph) for strongly regular graphs (respectively, the distance regular graphs). When the nullity cannot be derived directly from the structure of these bipartite graphs, the rank of the associated bi-adjacency matrix enables evaluating observability. Eventually, as a byproduct of the main results, we show that nonobservability can be stated just by comparing the valency of the graph to be studied with a bound computed from the number of vertices of the graph and its diameter. Similarly, nonobservability can also be stated by evaluating the size of the maximum matching in the aforementioned bipartite graphs.
Steps in Assembly of Silent Chromatin in Yeast: Sir3-Independent Binding of a Sir2/Sir4 Complex to Silencers and Role for Sir2-Dependent Deacetylation (2002)

Transcriptional silencing at the budding yeast silent mating type (HM) loci and telomeric DNA regions requires Sir2, a conserved NAD-dependent histone deacetylase, Sir3, Sir4, histones H3 and H4, and several DNA-binding proteins. Silencing at the yeast ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats requires a complex containing Sir2, Net1, and Cdc14. Here we show that the native Sir2/Sir4 complex is composed solely of Sir2 and Sir4 and that native Sir3 is not associated with other proteins. We further show that the initial binding of the Sir2/Sir4 complex to DNA sites that nucleate silencing, accompanied by partial Sir2-dependent histone deacetylation, occurs independently of Sir3 and is likely to be the first step in assembly of silent chromatin at the HM loci and telomeres. The enzymatic activity of Sir2 is not required for this initial binding, but is required for the association of silencing proteins with regions distal from nucleation sites. At the rDNA repeats, we show that histone H3 and H4 tails are required for silencing and rDNA-associated H4 is hypoacetylated in a Sir2-dependent manner. However, the binding of Sir2 to rDNA is independent of its histone deacetylase activity. Together, these results support a stepwise model for the assembly of silent chromatin domains in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Distributed Power Balancing for the FREEDM System (2010)

The FREEDM microgrid is a test bed for a smart grid integrated with Distributed Grid Intelligence (DGI) to efficiently manage the distribution and storage of renewable energy. Within the FREEDM system, DGI applies distributed algorithms in a unique way to achieve economically feasible utilization and storage of alternative energy sources in a distributed fashion. The FREEDM microgrid consists of residential or industrial nodes with each node running a portion of the DGI process called Intelligent Energy Management (IEM). Such IEM nodes within FREEDM coordinate among themselves to efficiently and economically manage their power generation, utility and storage. Among a variety of services offered by the DGI, the Power Balancing scheme optimizes the distribution of power generation and storage among the IEMs. This paper presents the key aspects in implementing such a scheme and outlines the preliminary results obtained by integrating the proposed methodology with a functional SST model of FREEDM. The results demonstrate the potential benefits of adopting advanced 'smart' technology on a local grid.
Estimating the Laplace‐Beltrami Operator by Restricting 3D Functions (2009)

Abstract We present a novel approach for computing and solving the Poisson equation over the surface of a mesh. As in previous approaches, we define the Laplace‐Beltrami operator by considering the derivatives of functions defined on the mesh. However, in this work, we explore a choice of functions that is decoupled from the tessellation. Specifically, we use basis functions (second‐order tensor‐product B‐splines) defined over 3D space, and then restrict them to the surface. We show that in addition to being invariant to mesh topology, this definition of the Laplace‐Beltrami operator allows a natural multiresolution structure on the function space that is independent of the mesh structure, enabling the use of a simple multigrid implementation for solving the Poisson equation.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,6‐Naphthyridines. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Information metering: paving the way for pay-per-view information (1996)

Cet article traite du probleme du paiement des informations lorsque l'on accede a un service d'information electronique, et plus specifiquement du probleme des CD-ROM qui ne coutent pas cher si on utilise toute l'information dont ils disposent mais qui sont onereux si on ne desire acceder qu'a une partie de leurs ressources. La technologie de l'information metering qui permet de resoudre ce probleme est donc presentee. Le metering peut etre compare au systeme du pay-per-view utilise dans le domaine de la publicite. Les principaux systemes d'information metering, le Wave System et le CD-MAX, sont presentes dans cet article
Annealing and oxidation behavior of low-pressure chemical vapor deposited tungsten slicide layers on polycrystalline silicon gates (1987)

A WSix≊2.6 film was deposited by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition at 350–420 °C onto a P-doped polycrystalline silicon/SiO2/Si substrate. This polycide structure (with or without a subsequent As+ source/drain implant) was heat treated in the following manner: (i) 1000 °C/N2 anneal for 20 min, (ii) oxidation both in dry oxygen and in steam ambients at 920–950 °C (50 min–8 h), and (iii) N2 anneal as well as dry oxidation at 920 °C/50 min. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and sheet resistance measurements were used for characterization. The as-deposited film was mostly amorphous with a fine grain structure. The N2 anneal caused the formation of a polycrystalline WSix&gt;2 film containing tetragonal WSi2. Dry oxidation produced a void-containing SiO2 layer atop the silicide film. However, the SiO2 layer was impregnated with W particles when the silicide film was steam oxidized. The role of excess Si in refractory metal silicide films during annealing and oxidation is discussed. The effect of stress at the corners of a step in a patterned wafer during the oxidation of tungsten polycide is also demonstrated.
Pseudocorpus Luteum Insufficiency: A Local Defect of Progesterone Action on Endometrial Stroma (1979)

A 23-yr-old woman whose initial complaint was infertility demonstrated glandular stromal dissociation with failure of the endometrial stroma to undergo pseudodecidualization in repeated endometrial biopsies taken late in the luteal phase. As the clinical presentation was consistent with the inadequate corpus luteum syndrome, hormone measurements were performed. The endometrial biopsy was abnormal during cycles in which the serum pattern of progesterone, estradiol, FSH, and LH was normal. Exogenous progesterone did not correct the abnormality. The patient, by in vitro studies, has approximately one half the number of high affinity progesterone-binding sites in the cytosol fraction of her endometrium compared to preparations from two normal control subjects. Since her cytosol-binding protein was qualitatively identical to two control subjects, the incomplete maturation of her endometrial stroma may represent an absence or reduced number of stromal cytosol receptors and/or a resistance to specific hormone action in an individual target tissue.
MEASUREMENT OF THE NONLINEAR ELASTICITY OF DOPED BULK-MODE MEMS RESONATORS (2014)

In this paper, we present measurements of the nonlinear amplitudefrequency (A-f) coefficients for three types of bulk-mode silicon MEMS resonators with different doping type and concentration. Our experimental results clearly show a strong dependence of the nonlinearity character on the orientation, doping level, and vibrational mode shape. These results indicate that the doping can have a significant impact on the character and strength of the elastic nonlinearities in MEMS devices.
Patterning of Conductive Polypyrrole in Polymer Film (1985)

The electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on an insulating polymer coated electrode the surface of which was fabricated to have conductive patterns, alloys the formation of electrically conducting polypyrrole patterns in the polymer film. Without using a direct lithographic process, a polymer film with a highly anisotropic conductivity where the surface resistance is as low as 200 Ω in 30 µm pitch line patterns, can be obtained in a free standing form.
Quaternary Diamond‐Like Chalcogenidometalate Networks as Efficient Anode Material in Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2013)

Abstract An improvement of lithium‐ion batteries with regard to their reversible capacity, cycling stability, rate performance, and safety under repetitive charge and discharge still requires considerable research activity. However, graphite has remained the unexcelled material for the anode so far. Here, it is shown that two novel quaternary lithium‐chalcogenidometalate phases, Li 4 MnGe 2 S 7 ( 1 ) and Li 4 MnSn 2 Se 7 ( 2 ), represent very promising new anode materials for lithium‐ion cells in that they achieve specific lithium storage capacities higher than that of the commercially used graphite, and display an excellent stability during cycling. These properties are based on the structural peculiarities of the phases, which adopt Wurtzite‐related topologies and provide high structural flexibility of the metal sulfide or selenide bonds as advantageous pre‐requisitions for a large ion accessible volume.
Enantioselective Pd-Catalyzed α-Arylation of <i>N</i>-Boc-Pyrrolidine: The Key to an Efficient and Practical Synthesis of a Glucokinase Activator (2008)

A short and practical synthesis of glucokinase activator 1 was achieved utilizing a convergent strategy involving S(N)Ar coupling of activated aryl fluoride 11 with hydroxypyridine 9. The key to the success of the synthesis was the development of a novel method for enantioselective formation of alpha-arylpyrrolidines during the course of the project. In this method, (-)-sparteine-mediated enantioselective lithiation of N-Boc-pyrrolidine was followed by in situ transmetalation to zinc and Pd-catalyzed coupling with aryl bromide 3, proceeding in 92% ee. This transformation allowed the preparation of compound 1 in a 31% overall yield over six steps.