gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drainage in two-dimensional porous media with polymer solutions (2013)

We report experimental and numerical results concerning time-resolved biphasic flows in 2D model porous media involving polymer solutions. We focus on the case where a more viscous but non-Newtonian fluid displaces a wetting fluid. Similar to the Newtonian case, a transition from capillary fingering to a stable invading front is observed when the capillary number is increased. However, our results show that this transition is sharpened because of the shear-thinning behavior of the polymer solutions. At a given capillary number, the width of the invading front and correlatively the residual saturation are greater for a shear-thinning fluid than for a Newtonian one. Furthermore, we also find that the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solutions investigated exhibit a rather strong slippage at low flow rates, which leads to even greater fingering. Experiments conducted in microfluidic micromodels are in quantitative agreement with time dependent non-Newtonian pore-network simulations. All of these effects are well captured by a simple model that leads to quantitative predictions of the drainage by shear-thinning fluids with slip boundary conditions.
Application of the conservation of etendue theorem for 2-D subdomains of the phase space in nonimaging concentrators (1984)

The conservation of etendue for general 2-D bundles of rays (not necessarily coplanar) is examined (a 2-D bundle of rays is that whose rays are distinguishable by giving each one two parameters). This is one of the integral invariants of Poincaré and it is directly related to the Lagrange invariant. The application of this theorem to selected 2-D bundles of rays crossing an arbitrary cylindrical concentrator gives us a relationship between the maximum geometrical concentration of a cylindrical concentrator and the angular field of view which is more restrictive than the general one (i.e., the relationship is valid for an arbitrary concentrator) when the collector is surrounded by a refractive medium.
Weak magnetic fields alter stem cell–mediated growth (2019)

Biological systems are constantly exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the form of natural geomagnetic fields and EMFs emitted from technology. While strong magnetic fields are known to change chemical reaction rates and free radical concentrations, the debate remains about whether static weak magnetic fields (WMFs; <1 mT) also produce biological effects. Using the planarian regeneration model, we show that WMFs altered stem cell proliferation and subsequent differentiation via changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and downstream heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression. These data reveal that on the basis of field strength, WMF exposure can increase or decrease new tissue formation in vivo, suggesting WMFs as a potential therapeutic tool to manipulate mitotic activity.
Composition of the essential oil of Ylang-Ylang (Cananga odorata Hook Fil. et Thomson forma genuina) from Madagascar (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComposition of the essential oil of Ylang-Ylang (Cananga odorata Hook Fil. et Thomson forma genuina) from MadagascarEmile M. Gaydou, Robert Randriamiharisoa, and Jean Pierre BianchiniCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34, 3, 481–487Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00069a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00069a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views983Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of Defects in Ion Transport and Tissue Development in Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR)-Knockout Rats (2014)

Animal models for cystic fibrosis (CF) have contributed significantly to our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Here we describe development and characterization of the first cystic fibrosis rat, in which the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) was knocked out using a pair of zinc finger endonucleases (ZFN). The disrupted Cftr gene carries a 16 base pair deletion in exon 3, resulting in loss of CFTR protein expression. Breeding of heterozygous (CFTR+/-) rats resulted in Mendelian distribution of wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous (CFTR-/-) pups. Nasal potential difference and transepithelial short circuit current measurements established a robust CF bioelectric phenotype, similar in many respects to that seen in CF patients. Young CFTR-/- rats exhibited histological abnormalities in the ileum and increased intracellular mucus in the proximal nasal septa. By six weeks of age, CFTR-/- males lacked the vas deferens bilaterally. Airway surface liquid and periciliary liquid depth were reduced, and submucosal gland size was abnormal in CFTR-/- animals. Use of ZFN based gene disruption successfully generated a CF animal model that recapitulates many aspects of human disease, and may be useful for modeling other CF genotypes, including CFTR processing defects, premature truncation alleles, and channel gating abnormalities.
CROP holographic storage media for optical data storage greater than 100 bits/μm<sup>2</sup> (2003)

Aprilis HMD-050-G-C-400 photopolymerizable holographic recording material for card and disk media, based upon cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP), has been further optimized for recording in an increased film thickness of 400 µm. A storage density, S<sub>2D</sub>, of 150 bits/μm<sup>2</sup> for digital data recorded holographically as pages and a dynamic range of at least M/# = 22 have been achieved, which are substantially greater than previously reported for photopolymerizable media, while concurrently the inherent low shrinkage, high image fidelity and high sensitivity characteristics of the material have been retained. Dynamic range or cumulative grating strength, Ση<i><sub>i</sub></i>0.5, has been determined from co-locationally recorded peristrophic and planar-angle multiplexed 262 kbit data pages that exhibit low raw bit-error-rates (BER) having an average value of 1E-3 and 5.5E-3 for ~100 and ~150 bits/μm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Good Bragg selectivity consistent with the imaged thickness and sinc<sup>2</sup> function behavior is observed for the multiplexed digital data page holograms, and both the Bragg selectivity and the diffraction efficiency are stable without the need for post-imaging fixing procedures. Sensitivity during recording of digital data page holograms is in the range of 6.75 cm/mJ diminshing to 0.5 cm/mJ for 87% of the cumulative grating strength that is attained during co-locational recording.
Activated-carbon processes for hydrogen sulfide removal. Aktivkohle-Verfahren zur Schwefelwasserstoff-Entfernung (1983)

Activated carbon is an adsorbent suited for removal of hydrogen sulfide either by physical adsorption or by catalytic oxidation of the H/sub 2/S to elemental sulphur. Accordingly cleaning processes using activated carbon are commercially run since a number of decades. This paper discusses the physico-chemical fundamentals of adsorption catalysis, the kinetics and mechanism of the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and reports on example of commercial applications in various industries including some new developments for promising new fields of application.
Deposition Feature of Ni Nanoparticles on Halloysite Template and Magnetic Properties of the Composite (2005)

A novel cermet composite with Ni nanoparticles deposited on a hollow cylindrical halloysite template is fabricated by electroless plating. Ni nanoparticles have a uniform distribution on the template, and their average diameter is mainly in the range of 20-30 nm. The halloysite template will be beneficial to make the Ni nanoparticles achieve high stability and well-dispersed state. Different heat treatment temperatures have a great effect on the crystal structure of Ni nanoparticles and the magnetic properties of the composite. With the heat-treated temperature increase, Ni nanoparticles gradually become crystallized, and the composite values of inherent coercive force (iHc), saturated magnetization (Ms), and residual magnetization (Mr) increase respectively. After complete crystallization of Ni nanoparticles at 673 K, the composite has the maximum values of iHc (253.6 Oe), Ms (57.37 emu/g), and Mr (21.64 emu/g). The sum contribution of the magneto-crystalline anisotropy, single magnetic domain effect, and the pinning effect of multiple-twinned planar defects in Ni nanoparticles would result in the high value of iHc. The new nanosized cermet composite will be at such an advantage for its practicable fabrication method, higher coercive force, high stability, and low cost that it would have great potential to be utilized to design and prepare magnetic materials.
Gait and Cognition: A Complementary Approach to Understanding Brain Function and the Risk of Falling (2012)

Until recently, clinicians and researchers have performed gait assessments and cognitive assessments separately when evaluating older adults, but increasing evidence from clinical practice, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials shows that gait and cognition are interrelated in older adults. Quantifiable alterations in gait in older adults are associated with falls, dementia, and disability. At the same time, emerging evidence indicates that early disturbances in cognitive processes such as attention, executive function, and working memory are associated with slower gait and gait instability during single- and dual-task testing and that these cognitive disturbances assist in the prediction of future mobility loss, falls, and progression to dementia. This article reviews the importance of the interrelationship between gait and cognition in aging and presents evidence that gait assessments can provide a window into the understanding of cognitive function and dysfunction and fall risk in older people in clinical practice. To this end, the benefits of dual-task gait assessments (e.g., walking while performing an attention-demanding task) as a marker of fall risk are summarized. A potential complementary approach for reducing the risk of falls by improving certain aspects of cognition through nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments is also presented. Untangling the relationship between early gait disturbances and early cognitive changes may be helpful in identifying older adults at risk of experiencing mobility decline, falls, and progression to dementia.
Boolean matching using generalized Reed-Muller forms (1994)

In this paper we present a new method for Boolean matching of completely specified Boolean functions. The canonical Generalized Reed-Muller forms are used as a powerful analysis tool. Input permutation, as well as input and output negation for matching are handled simultaneously. To reduce the search space for input correspondence, we have developed a method that can detect symmetries of any number of inputs simultaneously. Experiments on MCNC benchmark circuits are very encouraging.
Ardisiacrispin A and B, Two Utero-Contracting Saponins from<i>Ardisia crispa</i> (1987)

The main utero-contracting activity of an aqueous extract of Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A. DC. is due to two new triterpenic saponins called ardisiacrispin A and B, respectively. The saponins were isolated by extraction with n-butanol, followed by chromatography on silica gel columns. Final purification was obtained by reversed phase HPLC. 13C-NMR identified the aglycone of both saponins as cyclamiretin A. The structure of the ardisiacrispins was deduced by sugar and methylation analysis in combination with 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data.
Terahertz quantum cascade laser as local oscillator in a heterodyne receiver (2005)

Terahertz quantum cascade lasers have been investigated with respect to their performance as a local oscillator in a heterodyne receiver. The beam profile has been measured and transformed in to a close to Gaussian profile resulting in a good matching between the field patterns of the quantum cascade laser and the antenna of a superconducting hot electron bolometric mixer. Noise temperature measurements with the hot electron bolometer and a 2.5 THz quantum cascade laser yielded the same result as with a gas laser as local oscillator.
Resistance buildup in electrical connectors due to fretting corrosion of rough surfaces (1994)

A comprehensive model to predict the contact resistance during the nth fretting cycle and the ultimate usable lifetime of the contact has been developed. This model incorporates contact wipe, fretting vibration amplitude and frequency, contaminant chemistry, material properties, plating thickness, asperity deformations, normal load, electrical load, and surface topography. It is assumed that fretting vibrations separate contacting asperities and expose virgin metallic a-spots to environmental contaminant attack. The model calculates the amount of corrosive product produced on the exposed surfaces during the separation phase of a cycle of fretting. As fretting motions pull the exposed corroded asperities back together, a mismatch in size occurs and some of the corrosive product is scraped off and deposited in the valleys. Eventually, the valleys fill and separate the a-spots, resulting in "ultimate" failure. A material balance between amounts produced and scraped off estimates the amount of corrosive product dragged into the contact. Shifting of molecules via plastic deformation mix particles of corrosive product into the asperity metal. Assumptions that correlate mixing to plastic flow and the use of modern composite theory lead to an estimate of the conductivity within the contaminated asperity. Results show a monotonic increase in contact resistance over time. Initial increases are slow, followed by rapid increases. Predicted failure times are consistent with field measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spironolactone Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy through an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetic Rats (2006)

Aldosterone induces myocardial fibrosis and vascular inflammation via proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. The effect of spironolactone on renal inflammation and renal function was investigated in type 2 diabetic rats. For define the molecular mechanism of spironolactone, the effect of spironolactone on the synthesis of monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1) and its upstream transcription factor, NF-kappaB, was evaluated in cultured mesangial cells and proximal tubular cells. There were no changes in blood glucose concentration or BP after spironolactone treatment. Spironolactone treatment significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis. Urinary levels of MCP-1 were significantly increased concurrently with renal expression of MCP-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and macrophage infiltration. Spironolactone treatment significantly inhibited urinary excretion of MCP-1 as well as renal MCP-1 and migration inhibitory factor expression and macrophage infiltration. In addition, aldosterone induced upregulation of MCP-1 expression and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in cultured cells, and spironolactone reduced both NF-kappaB activation and MCP-1 synthesis. Furthermore, NF-kappaB inhibition abolished aldosterone-induced MCP-1 production. Overall, these findings suggest that aldosterone-induced NF-kappaB activation leads to activation of proinflammatory cytokines, ultimately leading to renal injury in this model. These data suggest that mineralocorticoid blockade may be a potential therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy.
Analysis and Simulation of the Adhesion Forces between Clot and the Artery Wall for a Novel Thrombectomy Device Applied to the Middle Cerebral Artery (2010)

A number of Thrombectomy devices using a variety of methods have now been developed to facilitate clot removal. We present research involving one such experimental device recently developed in the UK, called a 'GP' Thrombus Aspiration Device (TAD). This device has the potential to improve the process of extracting thrombosis clots in the cerebral arteries. The development of a simulation model for this device is shown using Bond-Graph formalism applied to modeling and simulating the adhesion forces between the clot and the artery wall. Bond-Graph technique is a visual methodology that adds more transparency to the processes and it has turned out to be remarkably useful as it is a simple, effective method that can be applied to any physical system where there is a power exchange. Such modelling appears to be able to simulate the device under a variety of conditions which may assist in the optimisation of the `GP' TAD device if the novel design features of the device can be effectively incorporated into the model.
Localization of fibronectin matrix assembly sites on fibroblasts and endothelial cells (1997)

Polymerization of soluble fibronectin into extracellular matrix fibers occurs through the interaction between the amino terminus of fibronectin contained within a 70 kDa fragment and 'matrix assembly sites' on the cell surface. The present studies were performed to localize the 'matrix assembly sites' (defined by 70 kDa binding sites) on newly adherent cells and on cells containing preformed fibronectin matrix. Matrix nucleation sites on newly spread cells were visualized using Texas Red conjugated 70 kDa fragment and were found to colocalize with vinculin and substrate fibronectin fibrils. Cells plated onto vitronectin coated coverslips did not exhibit any 70 kDa binding sites although these cells were well-spread with fully developed focal adhesions. Time course studies indicated that 70 kDa binding sites could be detected on newly adherent cells within 30-40 minutes following cell plating onto fibronectin coated coverslips, prior to the reorganization of substrate fibronectin into fibrils. Similarly, exogenous fibronectin conjugated with Texas Red was also colocalized with vinculin when added to newly adherent cells. The disruption of actin filaments with cytochalasin D both prevented the expression of 70 kDa binding sites and also resulted in the loss of established 70 kDa binding sites on newly spread cells. After 3 days in culture, cells organized an extensive fibronectin matrix and 70 kDa was colocalized with two distinct types of matrix fibronectin fibers: fine linear cell-associated fibers which co-stained with the beta1 integrin and coarse extracellular fibers which did not stain for the beta1 integrin. There was also a third type of fibronectin fiber which was organized into a meshwork structure. There was no localization of either beta1 or 70 kDa to these structures. Treatment of 3-day cells with cytochalasin D resulted in the disruption of cell-matrix fibers and cell-associated 70 kDa binding sites. In contrast, the coarse extracellular matrix fibers as well as the meshwork fibers were unaffected by cytochalasin. In the presence of cytochalasin D, 70 kDa bound to sites which colocalized with the coarse extracellular matrix fibers. These data suggest that de novo assembly of fibronectin matrix occurs at sites of focal adhesion and as fibronectin polymerization proceeds, matrix nucleation sites colocalize along cell associated fibronectin fibers. At later times 70 kDa is localized to a subset of more mature fibronectin-containing fibers. These results suggest that there are at least three morphologically distinct 70 kDa binding sites on adherent cells: one which colocalizes with beta1 to focal adhesions, a second which colocalizes with beta1 and fibronectin in matrix contacts, and a third which localizes to extracellular matrix fibers.
Conflict-free channel assignment for an optical cluster-based shuffle network configuration (1994)

A passive optical realization of large expandable shuffle networks is considered, where the general (p, k) shuffle function interconnects star-coupled clusters of time and/or wavelength multiplexed nodes. This configuration enables network partitioning into independent subnetworks that can emulate various indirect cube topologies on a virtual point-to-point basis. Node transmitters are assigned fixed channels and reconfiguring the partition and/or the individual sub-network topologies is achieved by monitoring the appropriate channels. The considered network configuration can function as a general-purpose optical interconnect for a variety of heterogeneous traffic sources, such as multicomputers and ATM network interface units, communicating independently within logically defined subnetworks. The paper derives a conflict-free channel partition and assignment map for a general (p, k) cluster shuffle using a minimal number of channel sets.
Cache Topology Aware Mapping of Stream Processing Applications onto CMPs (2013)

Data Stream Processing is an important class of data intensive applications in the "Big Data" era. Chip Multi-Processors (CMPs) are the standard hosting platforms in modern data centers. Gaining high performance for stream processing applications on CMPs is therefore of great interest. Since the performance of stream processing applications largely depends on their effective use of the complex cache structure present on CMPs, this paper proposes the StreamMap approach for tuning streaming applications' use of cache. Our major idea is to map application threads to CPU cores to facilitate data sharing AND mitigate memory resource contention among threads in a holistic manner. Applying StreamMap to the IBM's System S middleware leads to improvements of up to 1.8x in the performance of realistic applications over standard Linux OS scheduler on three different CMP platforms.
Bright-blue organic electroluminescent device based on bis (2-methyl 8-quinolinolato) (triphenyl siloxy) aluminium (2005)

An organic-luminescent material bis (2-methyl 8-quinolinolato) (triphenyl siloxy) aluminium (III) (SAlq) was synthesized and its electrical and optical properties were studied. The material exhibited high photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL). Photoluminescence (PL) spectra recorded at room temperature revealed a broad blue emission peak at 490 nm along with a shoulder at 448 nm. The material was characterized by UV-visible, photoluminescence, electroluminescence and IR spectroscopic methods. The thermal stability of the material was determined using Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), which suggests that the material is thermally stable up to 300 o C. Using the Tauc relation and the absorbance cut-off wavelength at 410 nm, the optical band gap of the material was evaluated to be 3.1 eV. OLEDs were fabricated in the configuration ITO/TPD/SAlq/LiF/Al. The CIE chromaticity was also studied and the coordinates were found to be independent of operating voltage. The devices show typical non-linear diode I-V characteristics under forward bias with the threshold voltage of 5 V.