gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Manganese Carbonyl Complexes as Catalysts for the Hydrosilation of Ketones:  Comparison with RhCl(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (1996)

Manganese carbonyl complexes catalyze the hydrosilation of ketones with PhMe2SiH and Ph2SiH2 in C6D6 solutions. Efficacy of the manganese carbonyl precatalysts (2.4 mol %) toward acetone hydrosilation with 1.1 equiv of PhMe2SiH to give (CH3)2CH(OSiMe2Ph) (3) varied: (PPh3)(CO)4MnC(O)CH3 (1) (<5 min) ≫ (CO)5MnC(O)Ph > (CO)5MnC(O)CH3 > (CO)5MnCH3 > (CO)5MnBr (6.0 h) ≫ Mn2(CO)10 ≈ (PPh3)(CO)4MnBr ≈ (CO)5MnSiMe2Ph (2). A turnover frequency of 27 min-1 was measured for catalysis using 1% 1; rapid catalysis was possible with 0.1% 1 in the absence of solvent. As a precatalyst, 1 is much more reactive than Rh(PPh3)3Cl for the PhMe2SiH hydrosilation of acetone, acetophenone, and cyclohexanone; both catalysts exhibit similar reactivity with Ph2SiH2. With 1 as the precatalyst, isolated yields of the alkoxydimethylphenylsilanes exceeded 90%, with no evidence of competing dehydrogenative silation to yield vinyl silyl ethers. Photochemical activation of (CO)5MnSiMe2Ph (2) affords moderate hydrosilation catalytic activity in transforming acetone to 3. In contrast, (CO)4CoSiMe2Ph (10) or Co2(CO)8 in the presence of the excess HSiMe2Ph, with or without photochemical activation, were ineffective acetone hydrosilation catalysts. A reaction pathway is presented for the manganese carbonyl-catalyzed hydrosilation of ketones that involves coordinatively unsaturated manganese silyl intermediates, (L)(CO)MnSiR‘‘3, as the active catalysts.
Some Aspects of Australasian Academic Engineering - from Rankine to Southwell (2000)

The education and training of the young engineer in Australia and New Zealand has been strongly influenced by British and other practice and experience, and yet has evolved in a distinctive way. Here some of those influences are discussed, and the local distinctive aspects related, particularly in the context of some of the individual engineers and educators who contributed to the development of academic engineering in Australasia.
Description of the FAA's Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)* (1997)

The Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) is the Federal Aviation Administration's ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) for local area differential GPS (DGPS). It will support all categories of precision approach. LAAS is currently under advanced development and specification. The purpose of this paper is to provide a system description of LAAS and to describe important related developments for the aviation and navigation communities. Both top-level and intermediate-level descriptions are given, with emphasis on the Ground Segment. Three distinguishing advances are described in more detail: Multipath Limiting Antenna, Airport Pseudolite, and a method for transforming integrity parameters from the pseudorange to the position domain.
Scalable rate control for very low bit rate (VLBR) video (2002)

This paper presents a scalable rate control scheme (SRC) based on three new concepts: (1) a more accurate rate distortion model, (2) a sliding window method, and (3) an adaptive selection criterion of data points. The SRC scheme achieves a more accurate target bit allocation under the constraints of low latency and limited buffer size. In addition to the picture-level rate control, the SRC scheme is also applicable to the macroblock-level rate control for finer bit allocation and buffer control, and multiple video objects (VOs) rate control for better video object presentation in different applications. The proposed SRC scheme has been adopted in verification model (VM) 5.0 and VM 8.0 of the emerging ISO MPEG-Q standard.
cDNA and amino acid sequences of<i>Drosophila</i>laminin B2 chain (1988)

Journal Article cDNA and amino acid sequences of Drosophila laminin B2 chain Get access Han-Chang Chi, Han-Chang Chi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cho-Fat Hui Cho-Fat Hui * 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia SinicaNankang, Taipei 11529, China * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 14, 25 July 1988, Pages 7205–7206, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.14.7205 Published: 25 July 1988 Article history Received: 28 March 1988 Published: 25 July 1988
The second &#x2018;CHiME&#x2019; speech separation and recognition challenge: An overview of challenge systems and outcomes (2013)

Distant-microphone automatic speech recognition (ASR) remains a challenging goal in everyday environments involving multiple background sources and reverberation. This paper reports on the results of the 2nd ‘CHiME’ Challenge, an initiative designed to analyse and evaluate the performance of ASR systems in a real-world domestic environment. We discuss the rationale for the challenge and provide a summary of the datasets, tasks and baseline systems. The paper overviews the systems that were entered for the two challenge tracks: small-vocabulary with moving talker and medium-vocabulary with stationary talker. We present a summary of the challenge findings including novel results produced by challenge system combination. Possible directions for future challenges are discussed.
Anti-cyclic citrullinated antibodies: complementary to IgM rheumatoid factor in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. (2004)

Anti-CCP antibodies are 20% more sensitivity than RF in the diagnosis of early RA.
The Primary Structure and Genomic Organization of Five Novel Transcripts Located Close to the Huntington's Disease Gene on Human Chromosome 4p16.3 (1998)

Five distinct novel transcripts (RES4-22, -23, -24, -25 and -26) that mapped to the 1-Mb interval between D4S180 and D4S183 on human chromosome 4p16.3 close to the Huntington's disease (HD) gene were isolated, and the structure and exon/intron organization of each gene were thoroughly analyzed. The transcripts of the RES4-22, -23 and -24 genes each have several isoforms by alternative splicing and these have also been defined. Two transcripts, RES4-24 and RES4-25, reside in the same genomic region with opposite polarities and they also clearly overlap. Among these transcripts, RES4-26 was found to encode a novel zinc finger protein. The transcript map based upon our current level of analysis combined with data from previous studies reveals the gene-rich nature and the intricate organization of the genes in the HD locus.
Optical parametric generation of a mid-infrared continuum in orientation-patterned GaAs (2006)

We have generated an ultrabroad mid-infrared continuum by using single-pass optical parametric generation (OPG) in orientation-patterned GaAs (OP-GaAs). The spectrum spans more than an octave, from 4.5 to 10.7 microm, measured 20 dB down from the peak. The 17.5 mm long, 0.5 mm thick, all-epitaxially-grown OP-GaAs sample with a 166.6-microm quasi-phase-matching period was pumped with 3.1-3.3 microm wavelength, 1 ps pulses up to 2 microJ in energy. The OPG threshold was observed at 55 nJ pump energy with the pump polarized along the [111] crystal direction. The slope efficiency near threshold was 51%, and the external conversion efficiency was as high as 15%.
Random-field critical behavior of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:math>Ising system (1983)

Optical birefringence studies of the randomly diluted, $d=3$ Ising antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.6}$${\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.4}$${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ reveal that the magnetic specific heat exhibits a symmetric logarithmic singularity, consistent with an effective dimensionality $\overline{d}\ensuremath{\simeq}2$, in small magnetic fields $H$ applied parallel to the unique axis. The nature and the sharpness of the phase transition for $H\ensuremath{\le}20$ kOe and reduced temperature $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}\ensuremath{\le}t\ensuremath{\le}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ suggest that the lower critical dimensionality ${d}_{l}<3$. Both of these results are inconsistent with the predicted mapping $\overline{d}=d\ensuremath{-}2$, for the random-field problem, obtained from perturbation theory. The observed crossover exponent $\ensuremath{\varphi}=1.40\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ agrees with both the measured and predicted random-exchange susceptibility exponent $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ as is to be expected. The observed amplitude of the shift in ${T}_{c}$ with $H$ agrees with a new theory of random-field effects in diluted antiferromagnets.
A Study on Visibility Analysis of Urban Landmarks: The Case of Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya) In Trabzon (2012)

Studies on perceived quality of environments, especially urban environments, look for ways of establishing harmonious relationship between people and the world outside. Disorientation is one of the problems destroying this harmony. A solution for preventing disorientation is achieving a distinctive and legible environment which not only offers security but also heightens the potential depth and intensity of human experience. As Lynch (1960) puts it, although life is far from impossible in the visual chaos of the modern city, the same daily action could take a new meaning if carried out in a more vivid setting.
T Cell–Mediated Humoral Immune Responses to Type 3 Capsular Polysaccharide of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2017)

Most pathogenic bacteria express surface carbohydrates called capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). CPSs are important vaccine targets because they are easily accessible and recognizable by the immune system. However, CPS-specific adaptive humoral immune responses can only be achieved by the covalent conjugation of CPSs with carrier proteins to produce glycoconjugate vaccines. We previously described a mechanism by which a model glycoconjugate vaccine can activate the adaptive immune system and demonstrated that the mammalian CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell repertoire contains a population of carbohydrate-specific T cells. In this study, we use glycoconjugates of type 3 <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> CPS (Pn3P) to assess whether the carbohydrate-specific adaptive immune response exemplified in our previous study can be applied to the conjugates of this lethal pathogen. In this article, we provide evidence for the functional roles of Pn3P-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells utilizing mouse immunization schemes that induce Pn3P-specific IgG responses in a carbohydrate-specific T cell-dependent manner.
Alate halite in the late Permian Rotten Marl of Tees-side, north-east England (1993)

SUMMARY Scattered delicate, unusually alate crystals of displacive halite occur in the late Permian Rotten Marl of north-east England. Where they intersect, they locally give rise to complex networks of thin vein-like halite sheets. The alate halite appears to have been formed after compaction of the host sediment was complete or nearly so, but before it became brittle enough to fracture.
Tailoring of Polarizing Agents in the bTurea Series for Cross‐Effect Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in Aqueous Media (2016)

A series of 18 nitroxide biradicals derived from bTurea has been prepared, and their enhancement factors ɛ ((1)H) in cross-effect dynamic nuclear polarization (CE DNP) NMR experiments at 9.4 and 14.1 T and 100 K in a DNP-optimized glycerol/water matrix ("DNP juice") have been studied. We observe that ɛ ((1)H) is strongly correlated with the substituents on the polarizing agents, and its trend is discussed in terms of different molecular parameters: solubility, average e-e distance, relative orientation of the nitroxide moieties, and electron spin relaxation times. We show that too short an e-e distance or too long a T1e can dramatically limit ɛ ((1)H). Our study also shows that the molecular structure of AMUPol is not optimal and its ɛ ((1)H) could be further improved through stronger interaction with the glassy matrix and a better orientation of the TEMPO moieties. A new AMUPol derivative introduced here provides a better ɛ ((1)H) than AMUPol itself (by a factor of ca. 1.2).
Review of A Large Clinical Series: Association of Cumulative Fluid Balance on Outcome in Acute Lung Injury: A Retrospective Review of the ARDSnet Tidal Volume Study Cohort (2008)

Negative cumulative fluid balance at day 4 of acute lung injury is associated with significantly lower mortality, independent of other measures of severity of illness.
Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides in Automobile Exhaust (1964)

The catalytic reduction of oxides of nitrogen from leaded automobile exhaust has been demonstrated to be technically feasible. These studies made with copper-containing catalysts are based upon the reducing nature of exhaust caused by the carbon monoxide present. The reaction involves 2 CO + 2 NO → + N2 + CO2 + 178.5 Kcal.
Analysis of function and expression of the chick GPA receptor (GPAR α) suggests multiple roles in neuronal development (1995)

Growth promoting activity (GPA) is a chick growth factor with low homology to mammalian ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) (47% sequence identity with rat CNTF) but displays similar biological effects on neuronal development. We have isolated a chick cDNA coding for GPA receptor (GPAR alpha), a GPI-anchored protein that is 70% identical to hCNTFR alpha. Functional analysis revealed that GPAR alpha mediates several biological effects of both GPA and CNTF. Soluble GPAR alpha supports GPA- and CNTF-dependent survival of human TF-1 cells. In sympathetic neurons, GPAR alpha mediates effects of both GPA and CNTF on the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as shown by the inhibition of GPA- and CNTF-mediated VIP induction upon GPAR alpha antisense RNA expression. These results demonstrate that GPAR alpha is able to mediate effects of two neurokines that are only distantly related. GPAR alpha mRNA expression is largely restricted to the nervous system and was detected in all neurons that have been shown to respond to GPA or CNTF by increased survival or differentiation, i.e. ciliary, sympathetic, sensory dorsal root, motoneurons, retinal ganglion cells and amacrine cells. Interestingly, GPAR alpha mRNA was additionally found in neuronal populations and at developmental periods not known to be influenced by GPA or CNTF, suggesting novel functions for GPAR alpha and its ligands during neurogenesis and neuron differentiation.
NH<sub>3</sub> Sensor Based on 2D Wormlike Polypyrrole/Graphene Heterostructures for a Self-Powered Integrated System (2020)

The rapid development of a NH<sub>3</sub> sensor puts forward a great challenge for active materials and integrated sensing systems. In this work, an ultrasensitive NH<sub>3</sub> sensor based on two-dimensional (2D) wormlike mesoporous polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide (w-mPPy@rGO) heterostructures, synthesized by a universal soft template method is reported, revealing the structure-property coupling effect of the w-mPPy/rGO heterostructure for sensing performance improvement, and demonstrates great potential in the integration of a self-powered sensor system. Remarkably, the 2D w-mPPy@rGO heterostructrure exhibits preferable response toward NH<sub>3</sub> (Δ<i>R</i>/<i>R</i><sub>0</sub> = 45% for 10 ppm NH<sub>3</sub> with a detection limit of 41 ppb) than those of the spherical mesoporous hybrid (s-mPPy@rGO) and the nonporous hybrid (n-PPy@rGO) due to its large specific surface area (193 m<sup>2</sup>/g), which guarantees fast gas diffusion and transport of carriers. Moreover, the w-mPPy@rGO heterostructures display outstanding selectivity to common volatile organic compounds (VOCs), H<sub>2</sub>S, and CO, prominent antihumidity inteference superior to most existing chemosensors, superior reversibility and favorable repeatability, providing high potential for practicability. Thus, a self-powered sensor system composed of a nanogenerator, a lithium-ion battery, and a w-mPPy@rGO-based sensor was fabricated to realize wireless, portable, cost-effective, and light-weight NH<sub>3</sub> monitoring. Impressively, our self-powered sensor system exhibits high response toward 5-40 mg NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, which is a common explosive to generate NH<sub>3</sub> via alkaline hydrolysis, rendering it a highly prospective technique in a NH<sub>3</sub>-based sensing field.
Fastener Design for Transversely Loaded Composite Plates (1999)

The fastener design for the transfer of concentrated transverse (out-of-plane, pull-out) loads to random glass fiber reinforced thermoset polymers was investigated. The elastic material properties, void content, and glass content of the composite were determined and a finite element model was used to analyze and compare the performance of the various washer designs for reducing the stress and strain levels near the edge of the washer at a bolted joint. Experimental studies were conducted to verify the finite element model.
Mass Spectrometric Discovery and Selective Reaction Monitoring (SRM) of Putative Protein Biomarker Candidates in First Trimester Trisomy 21 Maternal Serum (2010)

The accurate diagnosis of Trisomy 21 requires invasive procedures that carry a risk of miscarriage. The current state-of-the-art maternal serum screening tests measure levels of PAPP-A, free bhCG, AFP, and uE3 in various combinations with a maximum sensitivity of 60-75% and a false positive rate of 5%. There is currently an unmet need for noninvasive screening tests with high selectivity that can detect pregnancies at risk, preferably within the first trimester. The aim of this study was to apply proteomics and mass spectrometry techniques for the discovery of new putative biomarkers for Trisomy 21 in first trimester maternal serum coupled with the immediate development of quantitative selective reaction monitoring (SRM) assays. The results of the novel workflow were 2-fold: (1) we identified a list of differentially expressed proteins in Trisomy 21 vs Normal samples, including PAPP-A, and (2) we developed a multiplexed, high-throughput SRM assay for verification of 12 new putative markers identified in the discovery experiments. To narrow down the initial large list of differentially expressed candidates resulting from the discovery experiments, we incorporated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve algorithms early in the data analysis process. We believe this approach provides a substantial advantage in sifting through the large and complex data typically obtained from discovery experiments. The workflow efficiently mined information derived from high-resolution LC-MS/MS discovery data for the seamless construction of rapid, targeted assays that were performed on unfractionated serum digests. The SRM assay lower limit of detection (LLOD) for the target peptides in a background of digested serum matrix was approximately 250-500 attomoles on column and the limit of accurate quantitation (LOQ) was approximately 1-5 femtomoles on column. The assay error as determined by coefficient of variation at LOQ and above ranged from 0 to 16%. The workflow developed in this study bridges the gap between proteomic biomarker discovery and translation into a clinical research environment. Specifically, for Trisomy 21, the described multiplexed SRM assay provides a vehicle for high-throughput verification of these, and potentially other, peptide candidates on larger sample cohorts.
An Elastic-Phrase Model for Statistical Machine Translation (2013)

We present some on-going research on phrase-based Statistical Machine Translation using flexible phrases that may contain gaps of variable lengths. This allows us to naturally handle various linguistic phenomena such as negations or separable particles. We integrate this within the standard Maximum Entropy model using some dedicated feature functions, and describe a beam-search stack decoder that handles these noncontiguous, elastic phrases. Preliminary experimental results show that the translation performance compares favourably with phrase-based MT using fixed gap size. We expect that future results may allow us to leverage the added flexibility of elastic chunks to further increase translation performance. 1
From Gate-all-Around to Nanowire MOSFETs (2007)

The classical MOSFET is reaching its scaling limits and "end-of-roadmap" alternative devices are being investigated. Amongst the different types of SOI devices proposed, one clearly stands out: the multigate field-effect transistor (multigate FET). This device has a general "wire-like" shape. Multigate FETs are commonly referred to as "multi(ple)-gate transistors", "FinFETs", "tri(ple)- gate transistors", "GAA transistors", etc. This paper describes the reasons for evolving from single-gate to multi-gate structures. It also describe some issues in ultra-small devices, such as doping fluctuation effects and quantum confinement effect.
Semantic query optimization for methods in object-oriented database systems (2002)

Although the main difference between the relational and the object-oriented data model is the possibility to define object behavior, query optimization techniques in object-oriented database systems are mainly based on the structural part of objects. We claim that the optimization potential emerging from methods has been strongly underestimated so far. In this paper we concentrate on the question of how semantic knowledge about methods can be considered in query optimization. We rely on the algebraic and rule-based approach for query optimization and present a framework that allows to integrate schema-specific knowledge by tailoring the query optimizer according to the particular application's needs. We sketch an implementation of our concepts within the OODBMS VODAK using the Volcano optimizer generator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of (Ph4P)2(Ni2As4S8) (I), (Me4N)2( Mo2O2As2S7) (II), and (Et4N)2(Mo2O2As2Se7) (III). New One‐Dimensional Polymeric Compounds Containing Thio‐ and Selenoarsenate Ligands. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Delivery of an anti-cancer drug from a magnetically controlled MEMS device show cytotoxicity in PC3 and HUVEC cells (2011)

We have developed a magnetically controlled MEMS drug delivery device for on-demand release of defined quantities of an anti-cancer drug, docetaxel (DTX). A drug-loaded micro reservoir (Ø6mm×550μm) is sealed by a 40μm-thick elastic magnetic PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) membrane with a laser-drilled aperture (~100×100μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). Discharge of the drug solution and the release rates are controlled by an external magnetic field. Controlled and reproducible release rates of DTX have been achieved for 35 days. We report on the cytotoxicity of the released drug from the device (monitored as cell viability) and show that DTX maintains cytotoxic effects for two months.