gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalyses of Polymer Complexes. 4. Polysoap-Catalyzed Decarboxylation of 6-Nirtobenzisoxazole-3-carboxylate Anion. Importance of the Hydrophobic Environment in Activation of the Anion (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalyses of Polymer Complexes. 4. Polysoap-Catalyzed Decarboxylation of 6-Nirtobenzisoxazole-3-carboxylate Anion. Importance of the Hydrophobic Environment in Activation of the AnionToyoki Kunitake, Seiji Shinkai, and Sumio HirotsuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 2, 306–312Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online16 September 2003Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00422a600https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00422a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
BA Influences Flowering and Dry-matter Partitioning in Shoots of `Crimson Giant' Easter Cactus (1995)

The effects of BA concentration on flowering and dry-matter partitioning in shoots of `Crimson Giant' Easter cactus [ Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri (Regel) Moran] were investigated. Treatments were applied 12 days after starting the forcing phase (before flower buds were visible) and included BA at 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg·liter –1 . Relative to the controls, BA increased the total number of flower buds per plant and delayed flowering by 2 to 3 days. The percentage of aborted flower buds increased more than 3-fold as BA concentration increased from 0 to 50 mg·liter –1 and increased further when 100 or 200 mg·liter –1 was applied. The number of flower buds that reached anthesis increased quadratically with increasing BA concentration and was maximal when plants were treated with 50 mg·liter –1 . As BA concentration increased from 0 to 200 mg·liter –1 , total dry weight of phylloclades decreased, whereas dry weight of floral tissue increased by a nearly equivalent amount. BA increases flowering and alters partitioning of dry matter in reproductive plants of `Crimson Giant'. Chemical name used: N -(phenylmethyl)-1 H -purine-6-amine (BA).
Privacy-enhanced sharing of personal content on the web (2008)

Publishing personal content on the web is gaining increased popularity with dramatic growth in social networking websites, and availability of cheap personal domain names and hosting services. Although the Internet enables easy publishing of any content intended to be generally accessible, restricting personal content to a selected group of contacts is more difficult. Social networking websites partially enable users to restrict access to a selected group of users of the same network by explicitly creating a "friends' list." While this limited restriction supports users' privacy on those (few) selected websites, personal websites must still largely be protected manually by sharing passwords or obscure links. Our focus is the general problem of privacy-enabled web content sharing from any user-chosen web server. By leveraging the existing "circle of trust" in popular Instant Messaging (IM) networks, we propose a scheme called IM-based Privacy-Enhanced Content Sharing (IMPECS) for personal web content sharing. IMPECS enables a publishing user's personal data to be accessible only to her IM contacts. A user can put her personal web page on any web server she wants (vs. being restricted to a specific social networking website), and maintain privacy of her content without requiring site-specific passwords. Our prototype of IMPECS required only minor modifications to an IM server, and PHP scripts on a web server. The general idea behind IMPECS extends beyond IM and IM circles of trust; any equivalent scheme, (ideally) containing pre-arranged groups, could similarly be leveraged.
<i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Paratyphi C Carries an Inactive Shufflon (2003)

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi uses type IVB pili to facilitate bacterial self-association, but only when the PilV proteins (potential minor pilus proteins) are not synthesized. This pilus-mediated event may be important in typhoid fever pathogenesis. We initially show that S. enterica serovar Paratyphi C strains harbor a pil operon very similar to that of serovar Typhi. An important difference, however, is located in the shufflon which concludes the pil operon. In serovar Typhi, the Rci recombinase acts upon two 19-bp inverted repeats to invert the terminal region of the pilV gene, thereby disrupting PilV synthesis and permitting bacterial self-association. In serovar Paratyphi C, however, the shufflon is essentially inactive because each of the Rci 19-bp substrates has acquired a single base pair insertion. A PilV protein is thus synthesized whenever the pil operon is active, and bacterial self-association therefore does not occur in serovar Paratyphi C. The data thus suggest that serovar Typhi bacterial self-association using type IVB pili may be important in the pathogenesis of epidemic enteric fever.
A full vectorial contrast source inversion scheme for three-dimensional acoustic imaging of both compressibility and density profiles (2007)

Imaging the two acoustic medium parameters density and compressibility requires the use of both the acoustic pressure and velocity wave fields, described via integral equations. Imaging is based on solving for the unknown medium parameters using known measured scattered wave fields, and it is difficult to solve this ill-posed inverse problem directly using a conjugate gradient inversion scheme. Here, a contrast source inversion method is used in which the contrast sources, defined via the product of changes in compressibility and density with the pressure and velocity wave fields, respectively, are computed iteratively. After each update of the contrast sources, an update of the medium parameters is obtained. Total variation as multiplicative regularization is used to minimize blurring in the reconstructed contrasts. The method successfully reconstructed three-dimensional contrast profiles based on changes in both density and compressibility, using synthetic data both with and without 50% white noise. The results were compared with imaging based only on the pressure wave field, where speed of sound profiles were solely based on changes in compressibility. It was found that the results improved significantly by using the full vectorial method when changes in speed of sound depended on changes in both compressibility and density.
Non-line-of-sight optical wireless sensor network operating in multiscattering channel (2006)

Networks of sensors are envisaged to be major participants in future data-gathering systems for civilian and military applications, including medical and environmental monitoring and surveillance, home security, agriculture, and industry. Typically, a very large number of miniature sensing and communicating nodes are distributed ad hoc at the location of interest, where they establish a network and wirelessly communicate sensed data either to one another or to a base station using various network topologies. The optical modality is a potential solution for the links, due to the small and lightweight hardware and low power consumption, as well as other special features. Notably, the backscattering of light by molecules and aerosols in the atmosphere can function as a vehicle of communication in a way similar to the deployment of numerous tiny reflecting mirrors. The scattering of light at solar-blind ultraviolet wavelengths is of particular interest since scattering by atmospheric particles is significant and ambient solar interference is minimal. In this paper we derive a mathematical model of a simple and low-cost non-line-of-sight (NLOS) optical wireless sensor network operating in the solar-blind ultraviolet spectral range. The viability and limitations of the internode link are evaluated and found to facilitate miniature operational sensor networks.
Neonatal Diagnosis, Treatment and Related Factors of Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (1975)

The unstable hip can be diagnosed in newborns with acceptable accuracy. The following factors are associated with the newborn unstable hip: female preponderance, breech presentations, cesarean section deliveries, first borns, left hip involvement, the Caucasian race, and increased birth weight. These findings suggest that the newborn unstable hip is determined prior to delivery, possibly within the last 4 weeks of intrauterine life. Diagnosed at birth, treatment in the average case is relatively short-term, effective, and without complication.
Energy summation method for energy loss computation in radial distribution networks (1996)

A method for energy loss calculation in radial distribution networks is presented. It is based on the statistical representation of the influence of different load curves in the network upon element power flows and on the oriented ordering of the network elements. Also, the paper proposes the use of different, but constant, voltages at each node, instead of nominal voltage at all nodes. The procedure is very simple, and it involves four steps: element ordering; calculation of second moments; power flow calculation with average loads at nodes; and energy loss calculation in network elements. The presented results illustrate that the algorithm has advantages over methods that use nominal voltage at each node for accuracy, and advantages over methods that calculate accurate energy losses for speed.
Comparison of genotyping and phenotyping methods for determining susceptibility of HIV-1 to antiretroviral drugs (2001)

Phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility appear to provide similar results. However, interpretation of genotypic results can be complicated, and both methods still require clinical validation.
Priming mesenchymal stem cells boosts stem cell therapy to treat myocardial infarction (2013)

Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally and are projected to remain the single leading cause of death. Treatment options abounds, although efficacy is limited. Recent studies attribute discrete and ephemeral benefits to adult stem cell therapies, indicating the urge to improve stem cell based-therapy. In this study, we show that priming mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) towards cardiomyogenic lineage enhances their beneficial effects in vivo as treatment option for acute phase myocardial infarction. MSC were primed using cardiomyogenic media for 4 days, after which peak expression of key cardiomyogenic genes are reached and protein expression of Cx-43 and sarcomeric α-actinin are observed. MSC and primed MSC (pMSC) were characterized in vitro and used to treat infarcted rats immediately after left anterior descending (LAD) occlusion. Echocardiography analysis indicated that MSC-treated myocardium presented discrete improvement in function, but it also showed that pMSC treatment lead to superior beneficial results, compared with undifferentiated MSC. Seven days after cell injection, MSC and pMSC could still be detected in the myocardium. Connexin-43 expression was quantified through immunoblotting, and was superior in pMSC, indicating that this could be a possible explanation for the superior performance of pMSC therapy.
Selective Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sulfate-Conjugated Resveratrol Metabolites (2010)

Five resveratrol sulfate metabolites were synthesized and assessed for activities known to be mediated by resveratrol: inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha induced NFkappaB activity, cylcooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), aromatase, nitric oxide production in endotoxin-stimulated macrophages, proliferation of KB or MCF7 cells, induction of quinone reductase 1 (QR1), accumulation in the sub-G(1) phase of the cell cycle, and quenching of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Two metabolites showed activity in these assays; the 3-sulfate exhibited QR1 induction, DPPH free radical scavenging, and COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities and the 4'-sulfate inhibited NFkappaB induction, as well as COX-1 and COX-2 activities. Resveratrol and its 3'-sulfate and 4-sulfate inhibit NO production by NO scavenging and down-regulation of iNOS expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Resveratrol sulfates displayed low antiproliferative activity and negligible uptake in MCF7 cells.
The kinetics of interleukin 1 secretion from activated monocytes. Differences between interleukin 1 alpha and interleukin 1 beta. (1988)

We have performed pulse-chase experiments to investigate the secretion and processing of interleukin 1 (IL-1) by human peripheral blood monocytes. Polyclonal antisera generated against either recombinant IL-1 alpha (p15) or IL-1 beta (p17) could distinguish the two isoelectric forms in lysates and supernatants of lipopolysaccharide-activated monocytes. In agreement with previous results, no processed IL-1 (alpha or beta) is detected in cell lysates. Both the 31-kDa precursor and 17-kDa mature forms of IL-1 were present, however, in the culture media indicating that processing is not required for secretion. The relative amounts of the secreted 31- and 17-kDa forms of IL-1 remain constant with time throughout each experiment; in addition, 31-kDa IL-1 added to monocyte cultures is not processed to the mature 17-kDa form. Precursor IL-1 beta is however, processed to 17 kDa by monocyte extracts. Therefore, the maturation and secretion of IL-1 are intimately coordinated processes. The kinetics of IL-1 secretion are unique in comparison with other secreted proteins; release of both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta is delayed following synthesis, and large pools of precursor IL-1 accumulate intracellularly. The intracellular half-lives of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are 15 and 2.5 h, respectively. This discrepancy in half-lives is a reflection of the different kinetics with which IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are secreted. IL-1 beta is released continuously beginning 2 h after synthesis, whereas the secretion of IL-1 alpha is delayed for an additional 10 h. The distinct kinetics of secretion demonstrated for IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta suggest that the release of each pI species of IL-1 is controlled by a selective mechanism(s).
Why Do Many Ruminal Bacteria Die and Lyse So Quickly? (1996)

Studies using 15N have indicated that as much as 50% of the microbial mass turns over before N passes to the lower gut, and this N recycling significantly decreases the availability of microbial protein. Protozoa digest bacteria and smaller protozoa, but bacterial protein can turn over even if protozoa are not present. Fibrobacter succinogenes cultures lyse even when they are growing, and the lysis rate is independent of growth rate. When extracellular sugar is depleted, F. succinogenes secretes an extracellular proteinase that inactivates the autolysins. This method of autolytic regulation decreases the turnover of stationary cells. Bacteriophage and anaeroplasma can cause lysogeny, but, as yet, there is little proof that these processes are important determinants of bacterial turnover in vivo. Dietary manipulations (e.g., salt feeding and particle size reduction) that increase liquid and solid dilution rates can increase bacterial flow by decreasing bacterial residence time and turnover. Some dead ruminal bacteria are able to maintain their cellular integrity, and the ratio of dead to live cells in ruminal fluid may be as great as 10:1. Bacterial survival appears to be at least partially explained by the method of sugar transport. When bacteria rely solely on mechanisms of ion-coupled sugar symport, an energized membrane is necessary for the reinitiation of growth. If group translocation (phosphotransferase system) is the mechanisms of transport, uptake can be driven by phosphoenolpyruvate, and an energized membrane and the storage of intracellular reserve materials are not an absolute criteria for survival. In some cases, N deprivation accelerates death. When Prevotella ruminicola was limited for N under conditions of excess energy, methylglyoxal production caused a rapid decrease in viability. The impact of bacterial death in the rumen is not clear-cut. If the rate of fermentation is zero-order with respect to cell concentration (substrate-limited), cell death would have little impact on digestion.
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase knockdown enhances IL-8 expression in HepG2 cells via oxidative stress and NF-κB signaling pathway (2015)

G6PD deficiency predisposes cells to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8. Mechanistically, G6PD deficiency up-regulates IL-8 through oxidative stress and NF-κB pathway. The palmitate-induced inflammation in G6PD-deficient HepG2 cells could serve as an in vitro model to study the role of altered redox homeostasis in chronic hepatic inflammation.
MONOCRYSTALS OF ZnS AND THE SPECTRUM OF THEIR ABSORPTION REGION AT LOW TEMPERATURES (1959)

A study was made of the absorption spectra of thin single crystals at 4.2, 77, and 293 deg K. In preparing ZnS crystals, the method of heating the powdered ZnS in a neutral gas atmosphere was used. The form and dimensions of the crystals obtained depend largely on such conditions as the vaporization temperature of the powder, the position of the quantz baffles, the velocity of the gas flow. and the temperature gradient near the baffles. Crystals grown for this study were thin colorless plates wnvith maximum dimensions of 25 x 5 mm. The thickness varied from 0.1 mm to tenths of a micron. The crystals of varying thicknesses made possible a thorough study of the long wave natural absorption spectra of 3300 to 3160 A. Heating the crystals from 4.2 to 77 deg K and then to 20 deg C displaces the lines in the direction of longer wave lengths and causes them to become diffuse. The position for the absorption lines for the ZnS crystals are tabulated for the various temperatures. (B.O.G.)
Rôle des facteurs géographiques comme freins des processus et entreprises de développement (1967)

George Pierre. Rôle des facteurs géographiques comme freins des processus et entreprises de développement. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 8, n°29, 1967. Blocages et freinages de la croissance et du développement (2) pp. 3-13.
Autocommissioning for voltage-referenced voltage-fed vector-controlled induction motor drives (1993)

An automated self commissioning procedure for voltage-referenced voltage-fed vector-controlled induction motor drives is described. The measurement of the electrical parameters of the motor at standstill, and mechanical parameters from open loop runup and rundown tests are described. These procedures are followed by the automatic design of the two quadrature axis current controllers and the speed controller. Closed loop tests are invoked to tune constants accurately under varying operating conditions. The package provides for an ‘intelligent vector drive’ in which no prior knowledge of the motor parameters is required. Implementation of the procedures using a parallel processor control rig is described and experimental verification of the procedures are given.
An X-ray diffraction study of partially ordered electron density in clathrates of Dianin's compound that include simple carboxylic acids (2003)

The nature of the inclusions in ten clathrate complexes of Dianin's compound have been investigated by the use of electron-density difference maps. The guest species are the first eight straight-chain carboxylic acids, formic to octanoic, a branched-chain acid (dimethylacetic acid) and trifluoroacetic acid. The point-group symmetry of the clathrate cavity, 3, is satisfied by partial occupation of symmetry-related sites by two included molecules in the case of formic, acetic and trifluoroacetic acids and by a single molecule in the remainder. Hydrogen-bonding requirements in the case of formic and acetic acids are satisfied by dimer formation; in the trifluoroacetic acid complex the two acid molecules form hydrogen bonds to framework O atoms at either end of the cavity. The adoption of gauche conformations in heptanoic and octanoic acid chains shortens them sufficiently that they fit the cavity with only slight distortion.
User-interface screen design (1992)

From the Publisher:
Details everything from tests for good design, how the human eye picks up information through hardware/software considerations to field alignments. Contains guidelines for source document design and a step-by-step illustrated review on how to define, design and lay out a data entry screen.
Platelet‐activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase activity, LIS1 expression, and seizures (1999)

Lissencephaly patients are born with severe brain malformations and suffer from recurrent seizures. LIS1, the gene mutated in isolated lissencephaly patients, is a subunit of the heterotrimeric cytosolic enzyme platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), interacts with tubulin, and affects microtubule dynamics. In order to gain molecular insights into the possible involvement of LIS1 in seizures in lissencephaly patients, we induced seizures in rats by injection of kainate. PAF-AH activity was markedly reduced as early as 30 min following initiation of seizures, making this parameter a sensitive indicator of seizure events. PAF-AH activity returned to and surpassed control values 1 week following initiation of seizures. Expression of LIS1 in the dentate gyrus changed significantly in a manner similar to that of PAF-AH enzymatic activity. This is the first correlation found between LIS1 expression and PAF-AH activity. Furthermore, the expression of the α2 catalytic subunit, which is the major PAF-AH catalytic subunit in rat adult brain, changed in a dramatic fashion. An additional higher-mobility LIS1 cross-reactive band was detected in samples isolated a week following seizure occurrence. This LIS1 isoform was enriched in the microtubule-associated fraction. We propose that LIS1 expression is an important factor in regulation of PAF-AH activity. We postulate that reductions in LIS1 protein levels found in lissencephaly patients may render them more susceptible to seizures. J. Neurosci. Res. 57:176–184, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Psychosocial functioning of Chinese older people with chronic physical illness (2004)

Using the Chinese Geriatric Depression Scale, The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL) scale and the Self-concept Questionnaire, this article examined the relationship between depression and psychosocial functioning among 80 older people with chronic physical illness in Hong Kong. It aimed to test the hypothesis that people with chronic physical illness are prone to depression, which in turn leads to lower quality of life and negative self-esteem. The group with chronic physical illness scored higher on the Geriatric Depression Scale than the control group. The control group had higher scores than the illness group in the physical health and psychological health domains of the WHO-QoL scale and had better functioning in activities of daily living and leisure. Despite some contradictory findings, the results of this study support the proposed hypothetical framework relating chronic physical illness to depression and support findings of previous research. Data from this study highlight the negative impact of chronic physical illness on the physical and psychological status of older people. Implications for rehabilitation services are discussed.