gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-loss terahertz superconducting plasmonics (2012)

In the plasmonic regime, an electromagnetic wave bounded to the surface of a conductor can be confined to a region much smaller than its wavelength in free space. A major problem of plasmonic technology, however, is associated with large losses that these surface modes exhibit, intimately linked to Ohmic resistance of metals. In this work, we show that due to their dominant kinetic inductance, superconductors are intriguing yet natural plasmonic media capable of supporting low-loss plasmon waves with extreme confinement and the potential to serve as information carriers in compact terahertz data processing circuits.<br/>
VEDD- a visual wrapper for extraction of data using DOM tree (2012)

The World Wide Web plays an important role while searching for information in the data network. Users are constantly exposed to an ever-growing flood of information. A wrapper is an application which helps in searching for Search Results Records (SSR) from multiple search engines. This helps in making the search more efficient and reliable. VEDD wrapper extracts the relevant SRRs from three search engines by filtering out the noisy and redundant records. Finally the unique set of records is displayed in a common VEDD search result page. The extraction is performed using the concepts of Document Object Model (DOM) tree. The paper presents a series of data filters to detect and remove irrelevant data from the web page. The data filters will also be used to further improve the similarity check of data records. Also, visual cues from the underlying browser rendering engine is made use to locate and extract the relevant data region from the deep web by the keyword matching technique.
Microstructural and nonlinear optical properties of silica–titania sol-gel film doped with PbS quantum dots (1999)

Thin silica–titania films doped with different concentration of PbS quantum dots (PbS/oxide molar ratios ranging from 5% to 25%) were fabricated via a sol-gel route. The structural properties were studied by x-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The PbS crystals were found to have a mean diameter in the range 2.3–3.5 nm with narrow size distribution. The resonant nonlinear optical properties were studied by the nonlinear m-line technique and degenerate four-wave mixing. High negative nonlinear refractive indices (n2) were measured at 1.064 μm. Different n2 values were obtained for nanosecond excitation (n2=10−7–10−8 cm2/kW) and for picosecond excitation (n2=10−9–10−10 cm2/kW). The differences can be explained by saturation effects. Measurements at 532 nm showed n2 values ten times higher than at 1.064 μm. The response time of the nonlinearity for both wavelengths was below 35 ps.
Theory and application of time-frequency analysis to transient phenomena in electric power and other physical systems (2004)

8.2 Laboratory setup of postural sway data acquisition (Aerial View).1618.3 Young person with eyes open (Case 1), time series and timefrequency distribution for (a) COP d , and (b) COM. . . . . . .165 8.4 Young person with eyes closed (Case 2), time series and timefrequency distribution for (a) COP d , and (b) COM. . . . . . .166 8.5 Elderly person with eyes open (Case 3), time series and timefrequency distribution for (a) COP d , and (b) COM. . . . . . .167 8.6 Elderly person with eyes closed (Case 4), time series and timefrequency distribution for (a) COP d , and (b) COM. . . . . . .168 8.7 An algorithmic flow chart of time-frequency localized phase difference evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172 8.8 Mean and standard deviation of time-localized phase difference for Case 1 (young persons with eyes open). . . . . . . . . . .174 8.9 Mean and standard deviation of time-localized phase difference for Case 2 (young persons with eyes closed). . . . . . . . . . .174 8.10 Mean and standard deviation of time-localized phase difference for Case 3 (elderly persons with eyes open). . . . . . . . . . .175 8.11 Mean and standard deviation of time-localized phase difference for Case 4 (elderly persons with eyes closed). . . . . . . . . .175 8.12 Amplitude and phase difference analysis for case 1,2,3 and 4 with mean: (a) RMS values of COP d data, (b)RMS values of COM data, (c) Center frequency of COP d , (d) Center frequency of COM, (e) Frequency bandwidth of COP d , (f) Frequency bandwidth of COM and (g) Phase difference measured at COP d and COM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How mutual funds work (1998)

How Mutual Funds Work outlines the stock market, the bond market, asset allocation, index funds, variable annuities, tax considerations, and the role of computers. Fredman and Wiles provide a Q&A section with the 100 most important questions and their easily digested brief answers.
Bunyamwera Bunyavirus Nonstructural Protein NSs Counteracts the Induction of Alpha/Beta Interferon (2002)

Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (BUNdelNSs) and showed that NSs is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that BUNdelNSs is a strong inducer of IFN-alpha/beta, whereas in cells infected with the wild-type counterpart expressing NSs (wild-type BUN), neither IFN nor IFN mRNA could be detected. IFN induction by BUNdelNSs correlated with activation of NF-kappaB and was dependent on virally produced double-stranded RNA and on the IFN transcription factor IRF-3. Furthermore, both in cultured cells and in mice lacking a functional IFN-alpha/beta system, BUNdelNSs replicated to wild-type BUN levels, whereas in IFN-competent systems, wild-type BUN grew more efficiently. These results suggest that BUN NSs is an IFN induction antagonist that blocks the transcriptional activation of IFN-alpha/beta in order to increase the virulence of Bunyamwera virus.
Polarization and microstructural effects of ceramic hydroxyapatite electrets (2010)

To provide bioelectrets with controlled electrical energy, the polarization and relaxation characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic electrets were investigated in terms of poling conditions and microstructures. HA electrets were prepared between 250 and 500 °C for 5–120 min under a 5 kV cm−1 dc electrical field. Poling conditions and grain size of HA ceramics significantly influenced the thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) spectra and charge storage (Q). Under a poling field of 5 kV cm−1, varying the poling temperature from 250 to 500 °C drastically shifted the TSDC peak temperature from 250 to 620 °C and increased Q from 0.5 to 45 μC cm−2. The change in the average grain size from 2 to 11 μm increased the Q value from 15 to 60 μC cm−2 with a negligible shift in the TSDC peak position. The measured difference of the TSDC peak shapes and positions, as well as the Q values, was theoretically due to the four polarization states with different activation energies (Edr) of dipole relaxation and the pre-exponential factor of relaxation times (τ0). The dependences on the poling conditions and grain size indicated that the four states were due to the orientation polarization of absorbed water (state 1), the localizations of displaced protons around PO43− and OH− in the grains (states 2 and 3), and the localization of displaced protons in the grain boundaries (state 4).
Screening of Antibacterial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Different Pathogens Found in Vacuum-Packaged Meat Products (2009)

The objective of this work was to screen the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from different sources against different pathogens found in ready-to-eat vacuum-packaged meat products (RTE-VPMP). LAB were isolated from human, RTE-VPMP, fermented vegetables, and dairy samples. These isolates were assessed for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus using spot on lawn technique. Six LAB isolates-three from a human source, two from a RTE-VPMP source, and one from a fermented vegetable source-were found to be effective against all pathogenic strains. Antibacterial activities of cell-free neutral supernatant broths of these isolates were assessed against the different pathogenic strains to confirm bacteriocin production. All six isolates were effective against all pathogenic strains. LAB isolates from the human source had the highest antibacterial activity and were significantly more effective than other LAB isolates, with the inhibition zone ranging from 14 to 22 mm. Inhibition zones of RTE-VPMP LAB isolates were lower than those of human origin (inhibition zone range, 11-17 mm). The lowest activities were for the fermented vegetable isolate, for which inhibition zones ranged from 11 to 15 mm. The three isolates of human origin were identified as L. acidophilus, L. casei, and L. reuteri; the two isolates from RTE-VPMP source were both L. sake; and the one isolate of fermented vegetable origin was L. plantarum. Our results showed that nonmeat product-sourced LAB were effective against several foodborne pathogens, which suggests that they could be used as natural biopreservatives in many RTE-VPMP produced in Jordan.
Grid Harmonics Suppression Scheme for <italic>LCL</italic>-Type Grid-Connected Inverters Based on Output Admittance Revision (2015)

In this paper, the influence of grid harmonics on the output current of grid-connected inverters with an LCL filter is investigated by means of the output admittance. With the complex transfer model of the output admittance, the full-feedforward scheme of grid voltage is derived, which, however, is difficult to be implemented due to the derivative terms in the feedforward link. A detailed theoretical analysis is also presented to explain the compensation error introduced by the active damping and delays when the grid voltage proportional feedforward is adopted. Then a feedforward scheme based on the band-pass filter (BPF) is proposed to compensate the grid harmonics at the selected frequencies, and the parameters of the BPF are derived to revise the output admittance. It has also been found that with the commonly used phase-locked loop (PLL), an additional admittance matrix is introduced. The compensation effect will be degraded when the PLL with a high bandwidth is used for tracking grid phase accurately. Therefore, a modified PLL is proposed to revise the output admittance again, for suppressing the output current distortion arising from the grid harmonics, which propagate to control system through the PLL. Finally, the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, where the current harmonics are effectively suppressed.
Improvements of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2017)

Improvements of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Chunfu Lin Li4Ti5O12 is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its good safety performance and excellent cyclic stability. However, it suffers from three problems of poor (electronic and ionic) conductivity, small capacity and gassing. This chapter reviews the characteristics, the crystal structure, the electrochemical […]
MPEG-4 codec based uplink resource allocation scheme for the video telephony service in WiBro/WiMAX systems (2011)

The demand of multimedia services has extensively increased in conjunction with the popularity of the smart phone and the deployment of high speed broadband wireless networks. Especially, the video telephony service is one of the most used multimedia services. It has a stringent quality-of-service (QoS) requirement including high data rate and low latency among multimedia services. Therefore the optimizing of the resource allocation is an important challenging issue in 4G networks. In this paper, we discuss the challenges and possible solutions for transmitting MPEG-4 codec based video telephony service frames over wireless broadband (WiBro)/worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) systems. The main feature of the proposed scheme is that the base station (BS) exploits a pattern of variable-size frames based on MPEG-4 codec to allocate uplink resources to the mobile station (MS). The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme reduces the video telephony service delay and it also increases the efficiency of the radio resource utilization compared to conventional schemes of the uplink scheduler in WiBro/WiMAX system.
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 8-membered cyclic olefins (2014)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) involving 8-membered cyclic olefins, such as the parent molecules cis-cyclooctene (COE) and cis,cis-1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD), leads to various polyalkenamers that have broad potential in a variety of fields. The use of different catalysts and diverse functionalized monomers allows for control over molar mass and architecture in the resultant polymers. We review the ROMP of unsubstituted and substituted COE and COD to tune the properties of the resultant homopolymers and copolymers. Starting with a survey of homopolymers, we report the strengths and limitations of the ROMP of functionalized 8-membered ring olefins. Then we show how these monomers are used to control crystallinity, hydrophobicity and morphology, in various types of copolymers.
A Critical Appraisal of the Quality of Quality-of-Life Measurements (1994)

Because quality of life is a uniquely personal perception, denoting the way that individual patients feel about their health status and/or nonmedical aspects of their lives, most measurements of quality of life in the medical literature seem to aim at the wrong target. Quality of life can be suitably measured only by determining the opinions of patients and by supplementing (or replacing) the instruments developed by "experts."
Science: Analytical competence and the fight against chemical weapons (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTScience: Analytical competence and the fight against chemical weaponsVeronika MeyerCite this: Anal. Chemi. 1998, 70, 1, 21APublication Date (Web):June 2, 2011Publication History Published online2 June 2011Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac9817063https://doi.org/10.1021/ac9817063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ESHAP--an effective chemotherapy regimen in refractory and relapsing lymphoma: a 4-year follow-up study. (1994)

ESHAP was found to be an active, tolerable chemotherapy regimen for relapsing and refractory lymphoma. Applying a prognostic model based on tumor burden and serum LDH level shows significant differences in survival in this patient population.
System Operations Data Integrity Assessment (2007)

Traffic sensors are being deployed widely across the nation, and their data is increasingly being archived for use in multiple applications. However, before the data can be used, it is important to ask, Can we really trust the data? This may be addressed through two basic and important value-added services of a traffic data archive. Firstly, data screening checks the feasibility (i.e. is the data reasonable?) and usability of the data already collected. In the second phase, the health of the detection system is continuously monitored to support proactive maintenance of the sensor infrastructure. This research effort focused on developing a methodology to tailor these functions for specific archives. The report presents the methodology, as well as examples of its application in the Regional Integrated Transportation Information System (RITIS) of the Washington, D.C. area.
Engineered P450 biocatalysts show improved activity and regio-promiscuity in aromatic nitration (2017)

Nitroaromatics are among the most important and commonly used chemicals but their production often suffers from multiple unsolved challenges. We have previously described the development of biocatalytic nitration processes driven by an engineered P450 TxtE fusion construct. Herein we report the creation of improved nitration biocatalysts through constructing and characterizing fusion proteins of TxtE with the reductase domain of CYP102A1 (P450BM3, BM3R). The majority of constructs contained variable linker length while one was rationally designed for optimizing protein-protein interactions. Detailed biochemical characterization identified multiple active chimeras that showed improved nitration activity, increased coupling efficiency and higher total turnover numbers compared with TxtE. Substrate promiscuity of the most active chimera was further assessed with a substrate library. Finally, a biocatalytic nitration process was developed to nitrate 4-Me-DL-Trp. The production of both 4-Me-5-NO<sub>2</sub>-L-Trp and 4-Me-7-NO<sub>2</sub>-L-Trp uncovered remarkable regio-promiscuity of nitration biocatalysts.
The Capabilities and Effectiveness of Remote Inspection of Wind Turbines (2015)

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of remote inspections of wind turbines. The first part of the paper presents a usability test where remote inspections with a robot prototype have been directly compared to manned inspections. The experiment had 31 participants that did inspections with and without the robot in a laboratory environment. As expected, it was challenging to remotely operate the robot, and the remote inspections did not perform as well as the manned. However, the difference was not very large and some possible improvements were identified. Concerns with remote inspections of wind turbines that were not addressed by the experiment is discussed in the last part of this paper. These will be evaluated in upcoming field trials.
Environmental influence of coal liquefaction (1977)

This paper summarizes the results of studies which were carried out to determine the effect of coal liquefaction technology on the environment. This work, which has been conducted under the EPA contract, has emphasized sources of environmental concern, pinpointing, where information was available, effluents from individual units in the conceptual plants, technology needed to control undesirable emissions and areas requiring further work to minimize the environmental influence of the plants. 20 references.
Short-Ended Electromagnetically Coupled Coaxial Dipole Array Antenna (2002)

A short-ended electromagnetically coupled coaxial dipole array antenna is investigated theoretically. The antenna has an advantage of structural simplicity. The integral equations are derived for the proposed structure by use of the Fourier transform and mode expansion, and the simultaneous linear equations are obtained. The slot electric field and strip current are obtained by solving the simultaneous linear equations. The effects of slot and strip numbers on the radiation efficiency, beamwidth and directivity gain of the antenna are presented.
A novel technique for smoothing DC ripple in rectifier circuits (1990)

If smooth DC is required from a rectifier, an output filter is needed. This normally consists of a series inductance and shunt capacitor. The author suggests a filter which offers certain advantages over the conventional circuit. The smoothing inductance is retained, but the capacitor is connected in parallel with the inductance. The capacitor varies continuously with time, this gives the filter the property that it can be tuned to more than one frequency simultaneously and so can act as a high impedance to several harmonics driven by the AC voltage drops across the inductance. An analysis of the system is presented together with theoretical predictions supported by measured results from an experimental system. >
Fatty Acid Induced Remodeling within the Human Liver Fatty Acid-binding Protein (2011)

We crystallized human liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP) in apo, holo, and intermediate states of palmitic acid engagement. Structural snapshots of fatty acid recognition, entry, and docking within LFABP support a heads-in mechanism for ligand entry. Apo-LFABP undergoes structural remodeling, where the first palmitate ingress creates the atomic environment for placement of the second palmitate. These new mechanistic insights will facilitate development of pharmacological agents against LFABP.
Antimicrobial Activity and Stability of Weakly Acidified Chlorous Acid Water (2015)

The antimicrobial activity of weakly acidified chlorous acid water (WACAW) against Staphylococcus aureus, non-pathogenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC O157:H7), Candida albicans, and spore-forming Bacillus and Paenibacillus species was evaluated in vitro. The antiviral activity was also examined using feline calicivirus (FCV). Diluted WACAW (>100 ppm) effectively reduced the number of non-spore-forming bacteria (>4 log10 CFU reductions) within 5 min. Treatment with this sanitizer at 400 ppm for 30 min achieved>5 log10 CFU reductions in spore-forming Bacillus and Paenibacillus species while an equivalent concentration of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) resulted in only a 0.98 and 2.72 log10 CFU reduction, respectively. The effect of this sanitizer against FCV was equivalent to that of NaClO. Immersion in WACAW (400 ppm) achieved >4 and 2.26 log10 CFU reductions in Campylobacter jejuni and EHEC, respectively, on artificially contaminated broiler carcass pieces. Finally, theantimicrobial activity of this sanitizer was shown to be maintained for at least 28 d when in contact with nonwoven fabric (100% cotton). This study showed that pH control of chlorous acid is expected to modify its antimicrobial activity and stability. WACAW is expected to have applications in various settings such as the food processing and healthcare industries.
Purification of Optical Waveguide Glass Forming Reagents: Phosphorus Oxychloride (1984)

Low temperature sublimation is shown to significantly reduce the metal and ‒P‒OH containing impurity levels of practical‐grade phosphorus oxychloride. Regular distillation and sub‐boiling distillation are also effective for removing ‒P‒OH impurities and provide products with 114–119 ppm of residual ‒P‒OH. The purification efficiencies of these physical methods are compared with that resulting from chemical treatment to convert ‒P‒OH impurities into other species. A method based on chemical reaction followed by low temperature sublimation is described for removal of from practical‐grade material and reduction of trace materials to low ng/ml levels.