gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Description of two different patients with abetalipoproteinemia: synthesis of a normal-sized apolipoprotein B-48 in intestinal organ culture. (1990)

We describe here two patients, M. P. and S. L., with recessive abetalipoproteinemia. Analysis of restriction fragments of DNA from both patients using cDNA probes spanning the entire apolipoprotein B gene revealed no major insertions or deletions. Further, as defined by restriction fragment length polymorphism, abetalipoproteinemia, in these patients, did not appear associated with particular alleles of apolipoprotein B. Northern and dot blot analysis of intestinal mRNA of one patient (M. P.) revealed a normal-sized apolipoprotein B mRNA which was present in slightly reduced amounts. At the cellular level apolipoprotein B was detected in both intestinal and hepatic biopsies, of one patient (S. L.), by immunoenzymatic techniques using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to apolipoprotein B-48 and/or B-100. The level of apolipoprotein B-48 appeared to increase in the intestine after a fatty meal. In the other patient (M. P.), although no apolipoprotein B was detected in the enterocytes using similar immunoenzymatic techniques, organ culture experiments using [35S]methionine demonstrated the synthesis of a normal-sized apolipoprotein B-48 which appeared to be normally glycosylated. The glycosylation and processing of two intestinal membrane enzymes, sucrase-isomaltase and aminopeptidase N, were also normal. Although lipids and apolipoprotein B-48 were present intracellularly, no lipoprotein-like particles were observed by electron microscopy in the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, or in the intercellular spaces of intestinal biopsies obtained in the fasted (M. P. and S. L.) or fed state (S. L.). The defect in these cases of abetalipoproteinemia, therefore, does not appear to involve the apolipoprotein B gene nor the synthesis or the glycosylation of the apolipoprotein but instead appears to involve some aspect of lipoprotein assembly or secretion.
Design of a highly-birefringent microstructured photonic crystal fiber for pressure monitoring (2010)

We present the design of an air hole microstructured photonic crystal fiber for pressure sensing applications. The air-hole photonic crystal lattices were designed to produce a large intrinsic birefringence of 1.16 x 10(-3). The impact of the surrounding air holes for pressure sensing to the propagation mode profiles and indices were studied and improved, which ensures single mode propagation in the fiber core defined by the photonic crystal lattice. An air hole matrix and a practical chemical etching process during the fiber perform preparation stage is proposed to produce an optical fiber with a birefringence-pressure coefficient of 43.89 x 10 (-6)MPa(-1) or a fiber Bragg grating pressure responsivity of 44.15 pm/MPa, which is a 17 times improvement over previous photonic crystal fiber designs.
Public Health Law: Its Problems and Challenges (1997)

The public health law as a body of legislation expressed in Commonwealth, State and Territory statues is under threat from a variety of changes and government policies, at the same time facing many challenges, which should be addressed. If the policy makers are unable or unwilling to do this, it will result into the detriment of the values that have sustained public health practitioners in their work of helping Australians to lead healthier and happier lives.
Expression of mTOR signaling pathway markers in prostate cancer progression (2006)

Results suggest that 4E-BP1 overexpression is strongly associated with prostate cancer, especially when combined with PTEN and mTOR expression data. Hierarchical clustering analysis utilizing PTEN, mTOR, and 4E-BP1 separated normal from cancer cell populations in most cases.
Dihydroxybenzene derivatives of antimicrobial activity. (1980)

For possible antimicrobial activity, catechol-3,5-disulphonyl-chloride resercinol-4,5-disulphonylchloride and resorcinol-2,4,6-trisulphonylchloride were condensed with amines, phenols, 8-hydroxyquinolin and hydrazine hydrate.
Use of hematopoietic cell transplants to achieve tolerance in patients with solid organ transplants (2016)

The goals of tolerance in patients with solid organ transplants are to eliminate the lifelong need for immunosuppressive (IS) drugs and to prevent graft loss due to rejection or drug toxicity. Tolerance with complete withdrawal of IS drugs has been achieved in recipients of HLA-matched and mismatched living donor kidney transplants in 3 medical centers using hematopoietic cell transplants to establish mixed or complete chimerism.
A Y-chromosome–encoded small RNA acts as a sex determinant in persimmons (2014)

In plants, multiple lineages have evolved sex chromosomes independently, providing a powerful comparative framework, but few specific determinants controlling the expression of a specific sex have been identified. We investigated sex determinants in the Caucasian persimmon, Diospyros lotus, a dioecious plant with heterogametic males (XY). Male-specific short nucleotide sequences were used to define a male-determining region. A combination of transcriptomics and evolutionary approaches detected a Y-specific sex-determinant candidate, OGI, that displays male-specific conservation among Diospyros species. OGI encodes a small RNA targeting the autosomal MeGI gene, a homeodomain transcription factor regulating anther fertility in a dosage-dependent fashion. This identification of a feminizing gene suppressed by a Y-chromosome-encoded small RNA contributes to our understanding of the evolution of sex chromosome systems in higher plants.
The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle (2005)

The genomes of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) encode the gag, pol and env genes and contain at least six supplementary open reading frames termed tat, rev, nef, vif, vpr, vpx and vpu. While the tat and rev genes encode regulatory proteins absolutely required for virus replication, nef, vif, vpr, vpx and vpu encode for small proteins referred to "auxiliary" (or "accessory"), since their expression is usually dispensable for virus growth in many in vitro systems. However, these auxiliary proteins are essential for viral replication and pathogenesis in vivo. The two vpr- and vpx-related genes are found only in members of the HIV-2/SIVsm/SIVmac group, whereas primate lentiviruses from other lineages (HIV-1, SIVcpz, SIVagm, SIVmnd and SIVsyk) contain a single vpr gene. In this review, we will mainly focus on vpr from HIV-1 and discuss the most recent developments in our understanding of Vpr functions and its role during the virus replication cycle.
Cell Wall Stress Depolarizes Cell Growth via Hyperactivation of Rho1 (1999)

Cells sense and physiologically respond to environmental stress via signaling pathways. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond to cell wall stress by transiently depolarizing the actin cytoskeleton. We report that cell wall stress also induces a transient depolarized distribution of the cell wall biosynthetic enzyme glucan synthase FKS1 and its regulatory subunit RHO1, possibly as a mechanism to repair general cell wall damage. The redistribution of FKS1 is dependent on the actin cytoskeleton. Depolarization of the actin cytoskeleton and FKS1 is mediated by the plasma membrane protein WSC1, the RHO1 GTPase switch, PKC1, and a yet-to-be defined PKC1 effector branch. WSC1 behaves like a signal transducer or a stress-specific actin landmark that both controls and responds to the actin cytoskeleton, similar to the bidirectional signaling between integrin receptors and the actin cytoskeleton in mammalian cells. The PKC1-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is not required for depolarization, but rather for repolarization of the actin cytoskeleton and FKS1. Thus, activated RHO1 can mediate both polarized and depolarized cell growth via the same effector, PKC1, suggesting that RHO1 may function as a rheostat rather than as a simple on-off switch.
An Efficient Method for Controlled Propylene Oxide Polymerization: The Significance of Bimetallic Activation in Aluminum Lewis Acids (2003)

Combined strength: Only the combination of aluminate complexes with their neutral Lewis acids allows the controlled regioregular ring-opening polymerization of industrially important propylene oxide. The chain propagation proceeds at both aluminium centers according to a novel mechanism (see scheme).
Low angle silicon sheet growth: A review of progress, problems and promise (1984)

High growth rates which are the key to a successful low cost silicon ribbon technology is discussed. The heat of fusion is conducted along the grown ribbon for some distance before it can be dissipated. The conduction path is limited to the cross sectional area of the ribbon, since the solid-liquid interface is perpendicular to the pull direction. Horizontal ribbon growth is achieved by providing an extended solidification interface, parallel within a few degrees, to the pull direction. The heat of fusion need only be conducted through the thickness of the ribbon and is dissipated from the upper surface which comprises an area equal to the interface. Growth of up to 15cm wide ribbon and continuous growth of ribbons as long as 120 meters is demonstrated. Areal productivity as high as 2.7 sq/m/hr is shown for a single 15 cm ribbon, while typical values of approximately 1 sq/m/hr are obtained in the growth of 5 cm ribbon.
Magnetic properties of amorphous Th1−xFex alloys (1979)

The magnetic properties of amorphous Th1−xFex alloys (0.2 ≦ × ≦ 0.72) are investigated by means of magnetization measurements and 57Fe Mössbauer effect spectroscopy. In the range × < 0.4 the alloys are Pauli paramagnetic, whereas when × ⪆ 0.5 the alloys are predominantly ferromagnetic. In the intermediate concentration range indications of spin glass behaviour are obtained. The magnetic ordering temperatures of the alloys Th1−xFex with × ⪆ 0.5 are higher than those of the series Y1−xFex, although the concentration dependence of the magnetic moments is essentially the same. Die magnetischen Eigenschaften amorpher Th1−xFex-Legierungen (0,2 ≦ × ≦ 0,72) werden durch Magnetisierungsmessungen und 57Fe-Mößbauer-Spektroskopie untersucht. Im Bereich × < 0,4 haben die Legierungen das Verhalten von Pauli-Paramagneten, während sie im Bereich × ⪆ 0,5 vorwiegend ferromagnetisch sind. Im Zwischenbereich werden Anzeichen für Spinglasverhalten beobachtet. Die magnetischen Ordnungstemperaturen der Th1−xFex-Legierungen mit × ⪆ 0,5 sind höher als die der Y1−xFex-Reihe, obwohl die Konzentrationsabhängigkeit der magnetischen Momente im wesentlichen die gleiche ist.
Real time hysteresis controller for relay testing (1994)

The paper presents a novel sinusoidal current controller for nonlinear loads based on an AC chopper topology using a hysteresis current control scheme. The Intel 80C196KC, 16-bit single chip microcontroller is used to implement the developed control algorithms online and in real time resulting in a significant reduction in weight and cost. The validity of the developed controller has been assessed in the development of an overcurrent test relay system; practical and simulated results are presented.
From Na+/K+-ATPase and Cardiac Glycosides to Cytotoxicity and Cancer Treatment (2013)

The cardiac glycosides are a group of compounds isolated from plants and some animals. They have been used in therapy for heart failure for many years. The cytotoxic effect of many cardiac glycosides has been demonstrated, but the mechanism of action is very complicated and complex, and Na+/K+-ATPase surely plays a crucial role in it. On the other hand, Na+/K+-ATPase is regulated by many endogenous factors, such as hormones or FXYD proteins, whose role in regulating the cell cycle has been studied intensively. This review focuses on the role of Na+/K+-ATPase in regulating the cell growth, the cell cycle and the cell proliferation and on the involvement of cardiac glycosides in regulating Na+/K+-ATPase. The cytotoxic effect of cardiac glycosides is discussed with respect to the apoptotic mechanisms possibly induced by these compounds. Novel strategies in cancer therapy based on cardiac glycosides are discussed as are possibilities for counteracting multidrug resistance by using cardiac glycosides. The aim of this review is to present cardiac glycosides not only as pharmaceuticals used in the management of heart failure, but also as potent cytotoxic agents with potential uses in cancer treatment.
Experimental foreign body infections in mice challenged with slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis (1983)

The virulence of two previously described Staphylococcus epidermidis strains was examined in an experimental model of foreign body infection in mice. Animals challenged with the slime-producing strain developed three times as many infections as animals challenged with the strain that did not produce slime (P less than 0.001). Bacterial isolates recovered from the infected sites retained the characteristics of the inoculated strain. Animals without foreign bodies but challenged in a similar manner with either staphylococcal strain did not become infected. Thus, the presence of a foreign body predisposed the animals to S. epidermidis infection. These results indicate that the production of slime by S. epidermidis is a stable characteristic retained after animal passage and may be important in the pathogenesis of these infections.
Identification of a system with dry fiction (2005)

A new elasto-plastic state variable friction model is proposed which models both stiction and presliding displacement. However, the proposed Leuven model by Swevers et al. is more complex than the standard parameterization of the LuGre model due to the use of an hybrid hysteresis model and therefore more difficult to be used for control design and analysis. On the other hand, the elasto-plastic state variable friction model proposed by Dupont et al. is mainly based on simulation studies and the presented ideas are not yet confirmed experimentally. Hence, the standard parameterization of the LuGre model is still most wildly used nowadays.
Spectral measurements of solar UVB radiation and its relations to total ozone, SO<sub>2</sub>, and clouds (1993)

Spectral solar UV radiation measurements performed at Thessaloniki, Greece (40°N), are presented, and the influence of various atmospheric constituents such as total ozone, cloud cover, and columnar SO 2 on these measurements is examined. By comparing UV radiation measurements at days with different total ozone amounts the magnification factor was calculated. Its values range from 1 to 20, depending on the wavelength and the total ozone. A relationship between the UV radiation and the cloud cover was established, being representative only for measurements at 50° solar zenith angle. In addition, the influence of columnar SO 2 variations on UV irradiances was also studied. Finally, an attempt was made to compare the relative influence of these parameters on UV radiation, which proved that total ozone is the major factor controlling the solar UVB radiation received at the ground.
No strict alignment is required between a transcriptional activator binding site and the "TATA box" of a yeast gene. (1988)

GAL4 is a transcriptional activator of the galactose metabolism genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that GAL4 expressed in yeast activated transcription equally well when a single GAL4 binding site was placed at any of nine positions upstream of the GAL1 (galactokinase gene) "TATA box." We chose a sufficient number of positions for the binding site to ensure that, in several of these positions, GAL4 was on the opposite side of the DNA helix with respect to the TATA box. Smaller GAL4 derivatives were similar to wild-type GAL4 in that they also activated transcription in a manner independent of the side of the DNA helix they bound with respect to the TATA box. Unlike wild-type GAL4, however, these smaller GAL4 derivatives activated transcription better when we placed a binding site progressively closer to the TATA box over a distance of 34 base pairs.
Exploring the Applications of Faster R-CNN and Single-Shot Multi-box Detection in a Smart Nursery Domain (2018)

The ultimate goal of a baby detection task concerns detecting the presence of a baby and other objects in a sequence of 2D images, tracking them and understanding the semantic contents of the scene. Recent advances in deep learning and computer vision offer various powerful tools in general object detection and can be applied to a baby detection task. In this paper, the Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network and the Single-Shot Multi-Box Detection approaches are explored. They are the two state-of-the-art object detectors based on the region proposal tactic and the multi-box tactic. The presence of a baby in the scene obtained from these detectors, tested using different pre-trained models, are discussed. This study is important since the behaviors of these detectors in a baby detection task using different pre-trained models are still not well understood. This exploratory study reveals many useful insights into the applications of these object detectors in the smart nursery domain.
Short-range noncontact detection of surface contamination using Raman lidar (2002)

The application of a novel mini-Raman Lidar to the standoff detection and identification of chemical spills is discussed. The new chemical sensor combines the spectral fingerprintign of solar-blind UV Raman spectroscopy with the principles of lidar to open a new venue of short-range, non- contact detection and identification of unknown substances on surfaces. In addition to discussing experimental result collected with a 'proof-of-principle' system, a next generation system, currently under development, is also presented.
Effective Local Exhaust Ventilation on Cooking Fumes of Seasoned Meats (1993)

This study identified the fumes produced from the cooking of the seasoned meats containing various condiments such as garlic, onion, pepper, soy sauce, and sesame oil. Concentrations, at the breathing zone of the cook, of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aldehydes included in the cooking fumes of seasoned meats were identified. Many chloro- and fluoro-aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, and aldehydes, which could be carcinogen suspecting chemicals, were producing from the cooking fumes of the seasoned meats. This study also identified the ventilation efficiencies of the cooking fumes of the six exhaust ventilation systems, which were widely being used in the general apartments, houses, and small-food factories. For a comparison of the ventilation efficiencies of the systems, acetaldehyde was chosen as a marker pollutant and its concentrations at the breathing zone of the cook were identified. The laboratory fume hood showed the best ventilation efficiency of the six ventilation systems studied, and then the lateral hood ventilation and the down draft ventilation followed the laboratory fume hood. Finally, this study identified that both a wall factor nearby pollutant sources and a distance factor between the hood face and pollutant sources should be also considered for an effective local exhaust ventilation system design.
NAD-specific Glutamate Dehydrogenase of Neurospora crassa (1989)

The catabolic NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of Neurospora crassa is one of the many enzymes regulated by carbon catabolite repression. To achieve an understanding of its regulation, cDNA and genomic clones were isolated. Total poly(A+) RNA from derepressed cells was used for the construction of a cDNA library in the expression vector, lambda gt11. By screening this library with a polyclonal antiserum against NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase, a positive clone with a 0.9-kilobase insert was isolated and the insert DNA sequenced. The insert was shown to code for approximately one-third of the known amino acid sequence, close to the carboxyl terminus. Using this truncated cDNA as a probe, the structural gene was shown to be transcriptionally activated approximately 60-fold during derepression, producing an approximately 4.7-kilobase mRNA transcript. N. crassa genomic clones, hybridizing to this cDNA probe, were isolated and the structural gene (on two BamHI fragments) was subcloned in pUC13.
Algorithms for Deterministic Incremental Dependency Parsing (2008)

Parsing algorithms that process the input from left to right and construct a single derivation have often been considered inadequate for natural language parsing because of the massive ambiguity typically found in natural language grammars. Nevertheless, it has been shown that such algorithms, combined with treebank-induced classifiers, can be used to build highly accurate disambiguating parsers, in particular for dependency-based syntactic representations. In this article, we first present a general framework for describing and analyzing algorithms for deterministic incremental dependency parsing, formalized as transition systems. We then describe and analyze two families of such algorithms: stack-based and list-based algorithms. In the former family, which is restricted to projective dependency structures, we describe an arc-eager and an arc-standard variant; in the latter family, we present a projective and a non-projective variant. For each of the four algorithms, we give proofs of correctness and complexity. In addition, we perform an experimental evaluation of all algorithms in combination with SVM classifiers for predicting the next parsing action, using data from thirteen languages. We show that all four algorithms give competitive accuracy, although the non-projective list-based algorithm generally outperforms the projective algorithms for languages with a non-negligible proportion of non-projective constructions. However, the projective algorithms often produce comparable results when combined with the technique known as pseudo-projective parsing. The linear time complexity of the stack-based algorithms gives them an advantage with respect to efficiency both in learning and in parsing, but the projective list-based algorithm turns out to be equally efficient in practice. Moreover, when the projective algorithms are used to implement pseudo-projective parsing, they sometimes become less efficient in parsing (but not in learning) than the non-projective list-based algorithm. Although most of the algorithms have been partially described in the literature before, this is the first comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the algorithms within a unified framework.
Mixed-mode column thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed-mode column thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometryJohn R. Lloyd, Mary Lou. Cotter, David. Ohori, and Alan R. OylerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 20, 2533–2534Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00147a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00147a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts