gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CMOS Bidirectional 32-Element Phased-Array Transceiver at 60 GHz With LTCC Antenna (2013)

Fully integrated 32-element symmetrical TX/RX 60-GHz RF integrated circuit (RFIC) with built-in self-test is presented. The RF bidirectional power-combining architecture with shared blocks and less than 1-dB millimeter-wave transmit/receive (T/R) switch loss achieves record size and power consumption. The RFIC features an 8-dB noise figure and - 28-dBm IP1 dB in RX mode, 10-dB power gain, and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</i> <b xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</b> of +3.5 dBm per chain in TX mode. Further included are a 2-bit phase shifter, an IF converter to/from 12 GHz, and an integrated frac- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> synthesizer with push-push voltage-controlled oscillator having a-93 dBc@1-MHz phase noise at 48-GHz local oscillator port. A novel high dynamic range phase and power detector is presented with 2° and ±1-dB accuracy over PVT in phase and power. A detailed analysis of both phase quantization and power distribution is presented. Array impairments such as mismatch and coupling were compared for different topologies. The RFIC is packaged on alumina for testing and on low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) for antenna integration. The 6 × 6 patch antenna on LTCC including four dummies achieves a gain of 19 dBi with scanning of ± 30°. The total root mean square amplitude and phase error of the array is 0.8 dB and 6 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> , respectively, resulting in a maximum array beam degradation of 1.4 dB for 2-bit quantization. The RFIC area is 29 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and it consumes 1.2 W/0.85 W at TX/RX, with a 29-dBm effective isotropic radiated power at -19-dB error vector magnitude.
Human papillomavirus type 16 sequence variants: identification by E6 and L1 lineage-specific hybridization (1997)

A catalog of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV-16) E6 and L1 signature nucleotides was used to develop PCR-based oligonucleotide probe systems capable of distinguishing HPV-16 class and subclass variants. Twenty-three E6-specific oligonucleotide probes targeting 13 variant nucleotide positions and 12 L1-specific oligonucleotide probes targeting 6 variant nucleotide positions were used to characterize HPV-16-containing cervicovaginal lavage specimens. Nucleotide positions that could be distinguished included E6 nucleotides 109, 131, 132, 143, 145, 178, 183, 286, 289, 335, 350, 403, and 532 and L1 nucleotides 6695, 6721, 6803, 6854, 6862, and 6994. Combined hybridization patterns were assigned on the basis of the predicted HPV-16 class, subclass, or minor class variants described previously (T. Yamada, C. M. Wheeler, A. L. Halpern, A.-C. M. Stewart, A. Hildesheim, and S.A. Jenison, J. Virol. 69:7743-7753, 1995). The major HPV-16 variant lineages detected included European prototype-like (E-P), Asian (As), Asian-American (AA), and African (Af1 and Af2) lineages. In addition, E-G131, an E-class variant, and AA-G183, an AA-class variant, were also identified. For each clinical specimen, DNA hybridization results were compared to nucleotide sequence determinations. Targeted L1 and E6 marker nucleotides covaried within all HPV-16 variant isolates examined. These hybridization-based methods result in minimal misclassification error, are amenable to targeting additional lineage-specific nucleotide positions, and should facilitate the large-scale, low-cost analysis of HPV-16 variants in epidemiologic investigations. Specifically, these methods will facilitate epidemiologic studies of HPV-16 transmission and natural history, as well as studies of associations between HPV variants, host immune responses, and cervical neoplasia.
A Review of MAC Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2006)

A MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc network)is an autonomous non-infrastructure network system of mobile hosts, which are connected with each other via wireless links.It can provide efficient services for data and multimedia applica- tions.However,as we know that the wireless system is a band-limited system,so the channel allocation algorithm is very important.To improve the efficiency,capability and transmission quality of the wireless resource is the key re- search.This paper provides an overview of various MAC protocols for mobile Ad hoc network by presenting their char- acteristics and functionalities,and then provides a comparison and discussion of their respective merits and drawbacks, which cover most types of MANET MAC protocols.Finally,the future research directions are outlined.
Surface Characterization of Titanium Powders with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2012)

Electron Beam Melting (EBM)is a near-net-shape additive manufacturing technology developed by Arcam AB, where Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is commonly used to manufacture medical implants and components for the aerospace industry. Although Arcam has developed special specifications of some parameters for the powders, the powders from different manufacturers do not behave in the same way in the EBM process. Differences also have been detected for powder that have been reused in the process. It is believed that the variations in the behaviour in the process arise due to differences in the native oxide surface layer of the powder particles.\nTherefore, the aim of this project was to characterize the surface oxides on Ti-6Al-4V powders in order to compare powders from different manufacturers, new and recycled powders as well as powder before and after an anti-satellite treatment made to reduce small particles (satellites) on the powder surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to obtain information about the chemical composition, the in-depth distributions, the chemical states of the elements in the surface oxide, the oxide thickness, as well as the shape and the morphology of the powder particles.\nThe results showed that the surface oxide contained titanium mostly in the form of TiO2 and aluminium in the form of Al2O3 in all samples. The vanadium was impoverished at the powder surface whereas the aluminium\ncontent was enriched. Yttrium was also found on the powder surfaces from one manufacturer. The investigation of the new and recycled particles showed that the vanadium content was higher on the outermost surface. Furthermore, the powder surface was rougher, and, after several\ncycles of recycling, the surface oxide was thicker. The anti-satellite treatment did not affect the chemical composition, the chemical state or the oxide thickness.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of α‐Methoxycarbonylnitrones in the Presence of Eu(fod)<sub>3</sub>. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modified Faddeeva algorithm for concurrent execution of linear algebraic operations (1988)

An algorithm is described that provides an architectural framework for systematic execution of a wide class of linear algebraic operations using a single systolic array and simple data flow. The algorithm has been modified to use numerically stable Given's rotations and is therefore suited to any matrix problem of full rank. When the problem size exceeds that of the hardware array, it can be partitioned in a straightforward, numerically stable way. Numerous simulations have verified the algorithm's correctness.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A scalable multi-DLP pico-projector system for virtual reality (2014)

Virtual Reality (VR) environments can offer immersion, interaction and realistic images to users. A VR system is usually expensive and requires special equipment in a complex setup. One approach is to use Commodity-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) desktop multi-projectors manually or camera based calibrated to reduce the cost of VR systems without significant decrease of the visual experience. Additionally, for non-planar screen shapes, special optics such as lenses and mirrors are required thus increasing costs. We propose a low-cost, scalable, flexible and mobile solution that allows building complex VR systems that projects images onto a variety of arbitrary surfaces such as planar, cylindrical and spherical surfaces. This approach combines three key aspects: 1) clusters of DLP-picoprojectors to provide homogeneous and continuous pixel density upon arbitrary surfaces without additional optics; 2) LED lighting technology for energy efficiency and light control; 3) smaller physical footprint for flexibility purposes. Therefore, the proposed system is scalable in terms of pixel density, energy and physical space. To achieve these goals, we developed a multi-projector software library called FastFusion that calibrates all projectors in a uniform image that is presented to viewers. FastFusion uses a camera to automatically calibrate geometric and photometric correction of projected images from ad-hoc positioned projectors, the only requirement is some few pixels overlapping amongst them. We present results with eight Pico-projectors, with 7 lumens (LED) and DLP 0.17 HVGA Chipset.
Synthesis of 9‐(2‐fluorobenzyl)‐6‐methylamino‐9<i>H</i>‐purine (1986)

Abstract Synthesis of 9‐(2‐fluorobenzyl)‐6‐methylamino‐9 H ‐purine ( 1 ) from nine different precursors is reported. Compound 1 was prepared by methylamination of 6‐chloro‐9‐(2‐fluorobenzyl)‐9 H ‐purine ( 4 ), by alkylation of 6‐methylaminepurine ( 5 ) or form 9‐(2‐fluorobenzyl)‐1‐methyladeninium iodide ( 8 ) via the Dimroth rearrangement. Selective 2‐step methylation of 6‐aminopurine 6 was accomplished by hydride reduction of 6‐formamidopurine 9 , 6‐dimethylaminomethyleneaminopurine 10 or 6‐phenylthiomethyl purine 11 to give 1. Compound 1 was also prepared by dethiation or reductive dechlorination of 2‐methylthiopurine 16 or 8‐chloropurine 19 , respectively, or by hydrolysis of 6‐ N ‐methylformamidopurine 12 , which was prepared from 6‐dimethylaminopurine 13 by selective oxidation.
Sur le problème de l'érosion différentielle en terrain granitique. Présentation de deux cas glaciens. (2012)

(sem entrada)
Cognitive Issues Related to Advanced Cockpit Displays: Supporting the Transition Between (2003)

A critical issue in military aviation is the pilot’s ability to transition between primarily internal (head-down, instrument-driven) and external (head-up, out of the cockpit) guidance. Experimental cockpit displays were designed and tested for how well they might support this transition phase for military pilots performing time-critical air-to-ground targeting missions such as Forward Air Control and Close Air Support. Twelve subjects performed three sets of experiments using a flight simulator (with simulated heads-up display in the forward field of view) connected to a moving-map display. The experiments were designed to help explain which visual cues in the displays might best help a pilot 1) navigate to a given target area (the “flight guidance” phase of a mission) and 2) search for, find and identify a target (the “target acquisition” phase).
Clinical and biological significance of CXCR5 expressed by prostate cancer specimens and cell lines (2009)

Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been shown to be involved in metastatic process of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we show primary PCa tissues and cell lines (LNCaP and PC3) express CXCR5, a specific chemokine receptor for CXCL13. Expression of CXCR5 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in PCa cases than compared to normal match (NM) tissues. CXCR5 intensity correlated (R(2) = 0.97) with Gleason score. While prostate tumor tissues with Gleason scores >or= 7, displayed predominantly nuclear CXCR5 expression patterns, PCa specimens with Gleason scores <or= 6 showed predominantly membrane and cytoplasmic expression patterns that were comparable to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Similar to tissue expression, PCa cell lines expressed significantly more CXCR5 than normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrECs), and CXCR5 expression was distributed among intracellular and extracellular compartments. Functional in vitro assays showed higher migratory and invasive potentials toward CXCL13, an effect that was mediated by CXCR5. In both PCa cell lines, CXCL13 treatment increased the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), stromelysin-2 (MMP-10) and stromelysin-3 (MMP-11). These data demonstrate the clinical and biological relevance of the CXCL13-CXCR5 pathway and its role in PCa cell invasion and migration.
Development of Safe One-Pot Synthesis of <i>N</i>-1- and <i>C</i>-2-Substituted Benzimidazole via Reductive Cyclization of <i>o</i>-Nitroarylamine Using Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (2011)

We report that the reductive cyclization of o-nitroarylamine with aldehyde using sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) could be accelerated by addition of H2O, which made it possible to control the heat release of the reaction by semibatch-type operation. Safety evaluation was performed using DSC, ARSST, in situ IR analysis, and Multimax.
Use of Copper Cast Alloys To Control <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157 Cross-Contamination during Food Processing (2006)

The most notable method of infection from Escherichia coli O157 (E. coli O157) is through contaminated food products, usually ground beef. The objective of this study was to evaluate seven cast copper alloys (61 to 95% Cu) for their ability to reduce the viability of E. coli O157, mixed with or without ground beef juice, and to compare these results to those for stainless steel. E. coli O157 (NCTC 12900) (2 x 10(7) CFU) mixed with extracted beef juice (25%) was inoculated onto coupons of each copper cast alloy or stainless steel and incubated at either 22 degrees C or 4 degrees C for up to 6 h. E. coli O157 viability was determined by plate counts in addition to staining in situ with the respiratory indicator fluorochrome 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium. Without beef extract, three alloys completely killed the inoculum during the 6-h exposure at 22 degrees C. At 4 degrees C, only the high-copper alloys (>85%) significantly reduced the numbers of O157. With beef juice, only one alloy (95% Cu) completely killed the inoculum at 22 degrees C. For stainless steel, no significant reduction in cell numbers occurred. At 4 degrees C, only alloys C83300 (93% Cu) and C87300 (95% Cu) significantly reduced the numbers of E. coli O157, with 1.5- and 5-log kills, respectively. Reducing the inoculum to 10(3) CFU resulted in a complete kill for all seven cast copper alloys in 20 min or less at 22 degrees C. These results clearly demonstrate the antimicrobial properties of cast copper alloys with regard to E. coli O157, and consequently these alloys have the potential to aid in food safety.
Improvement and Mechanism of Action of Microbial Pesticides (Bt). (1999)

The spore-forming, gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is a ubiquitous soil micro-organism. Since the first Bt was isolated as a pathogen of silkworm in 1901, it has become possible to group these isolates into 50 serovars. At present it has been estimated that over 60, 000 isolates are being maintained in culture collections worldwide. The delta-endotoxin products in Bt during spore-forming stage are most widely used as biological control agents and pesticides that do not pollute the enviroment.The delta-endotoxin is an insecticidal protein that be coded by cry gene to constructs a crystalline protein bodies. After a susceptible insect ingested these crystalline bodies, the proteins are dissolved in midgut by the digestive juice and changed to an active toxin protein. In this review, the mode of action of the delta-endotoxin, improvement of Bt products by gene manipulation for the development of biopesticides (recombinant microbes) against Bt-resistance pests and also transgenic plants incorporating the cry genes were introduced.
Helical hydrocarbons capped by five-membered rings as precursors of polymeric metallocenes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHelical hydrocarbons capped by five-membered rings as precursors of polymeric metallocenesThomas J. Katz and Wojciech SlusarekCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 15, 4259–4267Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00509a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00509a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views476Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-pressure crystallography (2007)

Since the late 1950's, high-pressure structural studies have become increasingly frequent, following the inception of opposed-anvil cells, development of efficient diffractometric equipment (brighter radiation sources both in laboratories and in synchrotron facilities, highly efficient area detectors) and procedures (for crystal mounting, centring, pressure calibration, collecting and correcting data). Consequently, during the last decades, high-pressure crystallography has evolved into a powerful technique which can be routinely applied in laboratories and dedicated synchrotron and neutron facilities. The variation of pressure adds a new thermodynamic dimension to crystal-structure analyses, and extends the understanding of the solid state and materials in general. New areas of thermodynamic exploration of phase diagrams, polymorphism, transformations between different phases and cohesion forces, structure-property relations, and a deeper understanding of matter at the atomic scale in general are accessible with the high-pressure techniques in hand. A brief history, guidelines and requirements for performing high-pressure structural studies are outlined.
[Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma with large granular lymphocytosis]. (2011)

To improve the recognition of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and to reduce misdiagnosis, a case diagnosed as AITL with large granular lymphocytosis was reported and the related articles were reviewed. A series of clinical tests, pathologic examination and immunohistochemical test, TCR gene rearrangement detection by multiple PCR and assay of lymphocyte immunophenotypes were carried out. The results indicated that the patient was characterized by fever, skin rash, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, pleural effusion, ascites, anemia and thrombocytopenia, increase of circulating large granular lymphocytes with CD3(-) and CD16(+), CD56(+) were detected, T-cell receptor γ-chain gene was rearranged. More large granular lymphocytes with abnormal mitosis were found in ascites. The histological and immunohistochemical changes observed by the lymph node biopsy were compatible with AITL, some cells of which were CD56-positive. In conclusion, AITL is characterized by aggressive progress and generally occurs in elderly patients, its clinical prognosis is poor, the large granular lymphocytosis may be an autoimmune response to the tumor cells or originate from tumor stem/progenitor cells.
A graphical programming and design environment for FPGA-based hardware (2010)

In this paper we present a graphical programming environment for hardware designs targeted at FPGA devices. We first introduce LabVIEW™, a scientific software system, and its modular virtual instrumentation programming paradigm. Then, we discuss how LabVIEW FPGA enables application domain experts without prior knowledge of hardware description languages (HDLs) to program reconfigurable hardware devices. Initially many LabVIEW FPGA users were high-level (software centric) application domain experts in the area of control with prior knowledge of LabVIEW, where they benefited from a new fast and reliable target, namely FPGAs. Recently, we have found that system level integrators with lower level hardware design interest, but still no working experience in detailed HDL coding, have been able to use LabVIEW FPGA to successfully implement high-speed hardware designs. Here we focus on how LabVIEW facilitates reconfigurable hardware designs for applications of ultra-high speed control, complex timing and synchronization, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, etc. Specifically, we detail its modeling, simulation, and debugging capabilities as well as its rigorous semantics as a programming and deployment framework. Furthermore, we use application use cases to illustrate how LabVIEW FPGA can support a flexible, reliable and cost-effective hardware design.
Differences in the Biological Activities of Transforming Growth Factor-β and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor<i>in vivo</i> (1991)

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1 and recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rPDGF-BB) promoted an extensive, dose-dependent development of fibrous connective tissue when continuously delivered for 8 days by mini-osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously in adult guinea pigs. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that TGF-beta 1 and rPDGF-BB stimulated dose-dependent increases in the dry weight, and protein, DNA, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) contents of the fibrous connective tissue capsule that enveloped the pumps. The GAG/DNA mass ratio was markedly elevated by TGF-beta 1, but the collagen/DNA, protein/DNA, and collagen/protein ratios were not significantly increased. In contrast, rPDGF-BB generally decreased these mass ratios. Histological analyses suggested that this was due to the fact that rPDGF-BB induced a very cellular response with a marked influx of neutrophils and fibroblasts. TGF-beta 1 induced significantly less cellular response, which consisted primarily fibroblasts and macrophages. These results indicated that rPDGF-BB and TGF-beta 1 induced connective tissue deposition in vivo in a dose-dependent fashion, although the cellular nature of the responses as well as the structural composition of the extracellular matrices were clearly distinguishable between the two growth factors.
An optimal multiline TRL calibration algorithm (2003)

We examine the performance of two on-wafer multiline Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) calibration algorithms: the popular multiline TRL algorithm implemented in the MultiCal/spl reg/ software package, and a newly implemented iterative algorithm designed to give optimal results in the presence of measurement noise. We show that the iterative algorithm outperforms the MultiCal software in the presence of measurement noise, and verify its uncertainty estimates.