gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation-Induced Caspase-8 Mediates p53-Independent Apoptosis in Glioma Cells (2006)

Malignant gliomas are almost uniformly fatal and display exquisite radiation resistance. Glioma cells lacking wild-type (WT) p53 function are more susceptible to radiation-induced apoptosis than their isogenic counterparts expressing WT p53. We explored the mechanisms of such apoptosis and found that, in the absence of WT p53, radiation increases caspase-8 expression and activity. Inhibition of caspase-8 expression using caspase-8 antisense or small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides partially blocks radiation-induced apoptosis. In contrast, inhibition of the mitochondrial death pathway by expression of Bcl-2 has no effect on radiation-induced caspase-8 activity or apoptosis. Our data indicate that, in contrast to commonly accepted models of p53-dependent radiation-induced apoptosis, in our cell system, radiation relies on caspase-8 activity to help mediate p53-independent cell death. In a system of inducible E2F1 activity, E2F1 activated caspase-8 and, accordingly, decreased cellular viability, effects that were abolished by caspase-8 siRNA. In this model, in the absence of WT p53, p21Cip1 is not induced, and E2F1 activity is sustained and allows transcription and activation of caspase-8. This model may explain why p53 mutations in adult gliomas paradoxically correlate with improved survival and enhanced response to radiation.
An Accurate HARQ Scheme for LDPC (2007)

An accurate hybrid ARQ (HARQ) scheme for irregular LDPC codes is introduced in this paper, in which the source retransmits the nodes at specific proportions each time. The proportions of retransmission bits can be specified in definite quantity with Gaussian Approximation (GA) and optimal method as long as degree distribution and initial channel state are known. It provides an accurate mean to evaluate other HARQ schemes for LDPC coded system. The traditional Degree Distribution Based HARQ (DDB-HARQ) is also studied and compared with the proposed one. Statistic and numerical results are presented and we can conclude that the new scheme has optimal performance in the HARQ schemes based on degree distribution of LDPC codes.
Stability conditions for the traveling pulse: Modifying the restitution hypothesis (2002)

As a simple model of reentry, we use a general FitzHugh-Nagumo model on a ring (in the singular limit) to build an understanding of the scope of the restitution hypothesis. It has already been shown that for a traveling pulse solution with a phase wave back, the restitution hypothesis gives the correct stability condition. We generalize this analysis to include the possibility of a pulse with a triggered wave back. Calculating the linear stability condition for such a system, we find that the restitution hypothesis, which depends only on action potential duration restitution, can be extended to a more general condition that includes dependence on conduction velocity restitution as well as two other parameters. This extension amounts to unfolding the original bifurcation described in the phase wave back case which was originally understood to be a degenerate bifurcation. In addition, we demonstrate that dependence of stability on the slope of the restitution curve can be significantly modified by the sensitivity to other parameters (including conduction velocity restitution). We provide an example in which the traveling pulse is stable despite a steep restitution curve. (c) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
First Methanol-to-Gasoline Plant Nears Startup in New Zealand (1985)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFirst Methanol-to-Gasoline Plant Nears Startup in New ZealandModular construction plays major role, as Mobil, Bechtel ready commercial plant to supply one third of New Zealand's gasoline demandJOSEPH HAGGINView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1985, 63, 12, 39–41Publication Date (Print):March 25, 1985Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 25 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v063n012.p039https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v063n012.p039newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1985 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Physical and chemical processes,Synthetic fuels Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOREACTIONS. PART 56. THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF SYDNONES AND 1,3,4‐OXADIAZOLIN‐2‐ONES (1978)

Abstract Ausführlich werden umfängliche Versuche zur Photoreaktion der Sydnone (I), des dotierten Sydnons (III) und der Vergleichsverbindungen (IV) und (V) beschrieben.
Runlength limited codes for single error-detection and single error-correction with mixed type errors (1998)

Runlength limited (RLL) codes are used in magnetic recording. The error patterns that occur with peak detection magnetic recording systems when using a runlength-limited code consist of both symmetric errors and shift errors. We refer to shift errors and symmetric errors collectively as mixed type errors. A method of providing error control for mixed type errors that occur in a runlength limited code comprised of (d, k) constrained sequences is examined. The coding scheme is to choose parity blocks to insert in the constrained information sequence. The parity blocks are chosen to satisfy the constraints and to provide some error control. The cases of single error-detection and single error-correction are investigated, where the single error is allowed to be a shift error or a symmetric error. Bounds are discussed on the possible lengths for the parity blocks. It is shown that the single error-detection codes are the best possible in terms of the length of the parity blocks.
Word Spacing Consistency Check using Syllable and Morpheme Information (2010)

한국어 띄어쓰기 규칙은 경우에 따라 예외 조항이 있어 띄어 쓰거나 붙여 쓰는 것을 모두 허용하는 경우가 있다. 이러한 이중적 규칙에도 불구하고 같은 문서 내의 같은 어절이나 어구들은 일관성 있게 띄어쓰거나 붙여 쓰는 것이 문서 교정상 올바르다. 본 논문에서는 음절 정보 및 형태소 정보를 이용하여 비일관적으로 쓰인 띄어쓰기를 효과적으로 검사하는 방법을 제안하고 실험하여 평가하였다. Korean word spacing rules have exceptional cases which permit both spacing and no-spacing between words. The exceptional cases, however, do not mean that inconsistent spacing between words or word-phrases is legitimate in a document proof reading. This paper proposes a word spacing consistency check method using syllable and morpheme information, and evaluated it through experiment.
Nuclear and nucleolar localization of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> ribosomal proteins S22 and S25 (1999)

Nuclear import usually relies on the presence of nuclear localization sequences (NLSs). NLSs are recognized by NLS receptors (importins), which target their substrates to the nuclear pore. We identified the NLSs of the yeast ribosomal proteins S22 and S25 and studied the former by mutational analysis. Furthermore, in S25 the nucleolar targeting information was found to overlap with its NLS. Comparison with previously published data on yeast ribosomal protein NLSs and computer analysis indicates the existence of a novel type of ribosomal protein-specific NLS that differs from the classical Chelsky and bipartite NLSs. The existence of such a ribosomal protein-specific NLS is in accordance with the recent identification of ribosomal protein-specific importins.
Wave Analysis of In-Plane Vibrations of H- and T-shaped Planar Frame Structures (2008)

This paper concerns in-plane vibration analysis of coupled bending and longitudinal vibrations in H- and T-shaped planar frame structures. An exact analytical solution is obtained using wave vibration approach. Timoshenko beam theory, which takes into account the effects of both rotary inertia and shear distortion, is applied in modeling the flexural vibrations in the planar frame. Reflection and transmission matrices corresponding to incident waves arriving at the “T” joint from various directions are obtained. Bending and longitudinal waves generated by a combination of point longitudinal forces, point bending forces, and bending moments are also obtained. Assembling these wave relations provides a concise and systematic approach to both free and forced vibration analyses of coupled bending and longitudinal vibrations in H- and T-shaped planar frame structures. Natural frequencies, modeshapes, and forced responses are obtained from wave vibration standpoint. The results are compared to results available in literature. Good agreement has been reached.
Interferometric radar for remote monitoring ofbuilding deformations (2000)

The authors propose an interferometric radar system for the remote monitoring of structural deformations in buildings. A continuous wave step frequency (CW-SF) radar is used to synthesise radar cross-section (RCS) holographic images. The monitoring radar has been experimentally validated during a structural static test of a concrete pedestrian bridge.
Efficient targeted DNA methylation with chimeric dCas9–Dnmt3a–Dnmt3L methyltransferase (2016)

DNA methylation plays a critical role in the regulation and maintenance of cell-type specific transcriptional programs. Targeted epigenome editing is an emerging technology to specifically regulate cellular gene expression in order to modulate cell phenotypes or dissect the epigenetic mechanisms involved in their control. In this work, we employed a DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a-Dnmt3L construct fused to the nuclease-inactivated dCas9 programmable targeting domain to introduce DNA methylation into the human genome specifically at the EpCAM, CXCR4 and TFRC gene promoters. We show that targeting of these loci with single gRNAs leads to efficient and widespread methylation of the promoters. Multiplexing of several guide RNAs does not increase the efficiency of methylation. Peaks of targeted methylation were observed around 25 bp upstream and 40 bp downstream of the PAM site, while 20-30 bp of the binding site itself are protected against methylation. Potent methylation is dependent on the multimerization of Dnmt3a/Dnmt3L complexes on the DNA. Furthermore, the introduced methylation causes transcriptional repression of the targeted genes. These new programmable epigenetic editors allow unprecedented control of the DNA methylation status in cells and will lead to further advances in the understanding of epigenetic signaling.
Effect of 3, 4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2(1H)-qu inolinone (OPC-8212) on the membrane currents of rabbit sino-atrial node cells. (1984)

The effects of 3, 4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4- dimethoxybenzoyl )-1-piperazinyl]-2(1H)- quin olinone ( OPC -8212) (5-30 micrograms/ml) on membrane potential and currents were studied by the voltage clamp technique, using small rabbit sinoatrial node preparations. OPC -8212 induced only slight changes in the action potential configuration. A high dose decreased the amplitude and the duration of the action potential and slightly hyperpolarized the maximum diastolic potential. Sinus rate was decreased, but the change was statistically not significant. The maximum rate of rise of the action potential increased in a dose-dependent manner. In voltage clamp experiments, OPC -8212 increased the slow inward current (Is), but reduced the outward current (Ik) and the inward current activated by hyperpolarization (Ih). The degrees of the inactivation of Is (f infinity) and of the steady-state activation of Ik (p infinity) were unchanged against the voltage axis. These results suggest that the increase in Is caused by OPC -8212 could have been due to the increase in the conductance of Is, and the decrease in Ik, due to the reduction in the conductance of Ik.
3-D measurement of objects in a cylindrical glass water tank with a laser range finder (2004)

In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional (3-D) measurement method of objects in liquid with a laser range finder. When applying vision sensors to measuring objects in liquid, we meet the problem of an image distortion. It is caused by the refraction of the light on the boundary between the air and the liquid, and the distorted image brings errors in a triangulation for the range measurement. Our proposed method can measure the accurate 3-D coordinates of objects surfaces in liquid taken for calculating the refraction effect. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is shown through experiments. The accuracy of the 3-D measurement is 0.7 mm for objects located about 250 mm from the laser range finder when considering the refraction of the light, although that is 2.9 mm without the consideration of it.
Prostaglandins, but not tumor-derived IL-10, shut down concomitant tumor-specific CTL responses during murine plasmacytoma progression (2001)

IL-10 is assumed to be a major immunosuppressive factor produced by most B-cell tumors. The immunosuppressive role of tumor-derived IL-10 was analyzed using the MHC class II-negative BALB/c plasmacytoma ADJ-PC-5 as a model tumor. Immune monitoring of tumor-bearing mice was based on the measurement of tumor burden, tumor-specific CTL cytotoxicity and intracellular cytokine staining using FACS. ADJ-PC-5 tumor progression in syngeneic recipients is associated with strong, concomitant, tumor-specific CTL responses during early stages of tumor progression which are sufficient to cause rejection of small s.c. autologous test tumors. These initial CTL responses gradually decline during later tumor stages. Blocking of IL-10 in vivo did not abolish CTL suppression or retard tumor growth. More strikingly, application of anti-IL-10 antibodies during early tumor stages abrogated CTL induction and markedly accelerated tumor growth. In contrast to anti-IL-10 treatment, application of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors to ADJ-PC-5 tumor-bearing mice led to enhanced tumor-specific CTL responses throughout all stages of tumor progression, paralleled by retarded tumor growth and a significantly delayed onset of suppression. Both findings contradict a dominant immunosuppressive role of IL-10 during B-cell tumor progression. Tumor-derived IL-10 must therefore be considered an immunostimulating factor, which accounts for the high immunogenicity of B-cell tumors, whereas prostaglandins, which are not produced by the tumor cells themselves, are the dominant immunosuppressors in this system.
Safety issues in the pharmacologic management of chronic pain in the elderly. (1999)

Chronic pain is commonly encountered in elderly patients. About 20-50% of community-dwelling elderly experience it, and 45-80% of nursing home residents may be affected. Selection of pharmacologic therapy for the management of chronic pain must take into consideration the increased potential for adverse effects in this population. Major classes of drugs used to treat chronic pain (nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, opioids, antidepressants) have adverse effects that occur more frequently in elderly than in younger patients. Given the often prolonged duration of therapy, optimal management requires minimizing the risk of adverse reactions.
Motion Pattern Generator and Reflex System for Humanoid Robots (2006)

Reflexes have been viewed as an integrated motion with the centrally generated motors commands to produce adaptive movement. In this paper, the reflexes that highly adapt and control the movement of the humanoid robot when a large disturbance occurs is considered. The structure of the reflex system is proposed combined with the walking motion generator. Our approach to generate a rhythmic motion does not require complex dynamics models. It is based on linear oscillators and provides flexibility in introducing reflexes. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, the humanoid robot HOAP-3 of Fujitsu is used. It is shown that a reflex movement is successfully integrated with the rhythmic motion in the following case; sudden change in the floor level, sudden change in load, and presence of a large disturbance. As a result, the proposed reflex system contributes toward the safe interaction of the humanoid robots with the environment
Car Crash Zones Based on Driver’s Collision Avoidance Behavior (2001)

Abstract There will be three kinds of collision avoidance operations when a driver encounters an object just ahead: braking and stopping before collision, steering the vehicle for avoidance, and steering and braking simultaneously. In any case, a certain crash-unavoidable zone exists to each vehicle. A “cross point” determined by the vehicle behavior is a key factor in designing a crash-unavoidable zone and depends mainly on vehicle speed, friction between the wheels and the road, and the steering angle. In this paper, this zone is determined by taking these factors into account.
Adenosine Deaminase-like Protein 1 (ADAL1): Characterization and Substrate Specificity in the Hydrolysis of N<sup>6</sup>- or O<sup>6</sup>-Substituted Purine or 2-Aminopurine Nucleoside Monophosphates (2011)

Human N(6)-methyl-AMP/dAMP aminohydrolase has been shown to be involved in metabolism of pharmacologically important N(6)-substituted purine nucleosides and 5'-monophosphate prodrugs thereof. This enzyme was cloned and expressed in E. coli, and mass spectroscopic analysis followed by amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the protein was adenosine deaminase-like protein isoform 1 (ADAL1). An extensive structure-activity relationship study showed that ADAL1 was able to catalyze removal of different alkyl groups not only from N(6)-substituted purine or 2-aminopurine nucleoside monophosphates but also from O(6)-substituted compounds. The ADAL1 activity was susceptible to modifications in the phosphate moiety but not to changes in the sugar moiety. Overall, our data indicated that ADAL1 specifically acts at the 6-position of purine and 2-aminopurine nucleoside monophosphates. Our results may help designing of new therapeutic nucleoside/nucleotide prodrugs with desired metabolic profiles. Furthermore, amino acid sequence analysis in conjunction with crystallographic data and metal analysis suggested that ADAL1 contains a catalytic zinc ion. Finally, a potential physiological role of ADAL1 is discussed.
Wet gas flow metering using PIV and tracer dilution (2011)

This paper introduces a prototype wet gas flow metering system, named “Uletech”, for flow measurement. The “Uletech” Wet Gas Meter (UWGM) is based on the combination of particle recognition and the use of Laser Imaging Technology in the form of Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV). PIV uses tracer particles which follow the gas or liquid phase. The high resolution digital laser cameras identify/recognize all the different sizes of particles (gas, oil and water) in a multiphase flow. The cameras have sufficiently high resolutions (pixel size) to "see" the tracer particles. The prevailing conditions of high pressure and temperature of the flow regimes makes actual measurement a great challenge. The velocity differences between phases (hold up and slip) means unless the velocities of individual phases and concentrations are known, the true flow rate is practically impossible to obtain. The system comprises two cameras, laser source, optical arrangement, computer data acquisition system, synchronizer and MATLAB based software. An algorithm that correlates the camera's view to the volume within the pipe has been developed through this research. The computer acquires image signals from the upstream and/or downstream cameras, and carries out the calculation of cross correlation between the two image frames so that the velocity of each pixel can be found. A Gas Liquid Chromatograph (GLC) provides the composition (concentration) of the gas and the liquid hydrocarbon (HC). The product of phase velocity and phase concentration provides the flow rate of the individual phase. This work provides theoretical analysis and experimental validations, and discusses the advantages of the system and its further development.
A New Intelligent Autoreclosing Scheme Using Artificial Neural Network and Taguchi's Methodology (2010)

This paper presents a novel intelligent autoreclosure technique to discriminate temporary faults from permanent faults and accurately determine fault extinction time. A variety of fault simulations are carried out on a specified transmission line on the standard IEEE 9-bus electric power system using MATLAB/SimPowerSytems. FFT and Prony analysis methods are employed to extract data features from each simulated fault. The fault identification prior to reclosing is accomplished by an artificial neural network trained by standard Error Back-Propagation, Levenberg Marquardt, and Resilient Back-Propagation algorithms which are developed using MATLAB. Some important parameters which strongly affect the entire training process are fine tuned with Taguchi's method to their corresponding best values. The robustness of the developed ANN identifier is verified by testing it with the data patterns which consists of high impedance faults obtained from IEEE 14-bus benchmark system. Test results show the efficacy of the proposed AR scheme.
Asymmetric hydroformylation and hydrocarboxylation of enamides. Synthesis of alanine and proline (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric hydroformylation and hydrocarboxylation of enamides. Synthesis of alanine and prolineY. Becker, A. Eisenstadt, and J. K. StilleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 11, 2145–2151Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01299a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01299a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1334Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts