gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autocompensation of torque ripple of direct drive motor by torque observer (1993)

Since a direct drive motor (DDM) does not require a reduction gear, the drive system can be made simple, and therefore it is used in high-precision robot and machine tool applications. However, without reduction gear, a disturbance torque is directly reflected to the motor shaft, and a torque ripple generated by the motor is directly transmitted to the load, causing poor speed control characteristics. An improved torque control system for DDM with a permanent magnet rotor, equipped with a torque observer implemented by digital signal software, is proposed. The speed fluctuation can be fully removed with a torque feedforward loop.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electric field around a dielectric elastomer actuator in proximity to the human body (2008)

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are a promising artificial muscle technology that will enable new kinds of prostheses and wearable rehabilitation devices. DEAs are driven by electric fields in the MV/m range and the dielectric elastomer itself is typically 30μm in thickness or more. Large operating voltages, in the order of several kilovolts, are then required to produce useful strains and these large voltages and the resulting electric fields could potentially pose problems when DEAs are used in close proximity to the human body. The fringing electric fields of a DEA in close association with the skin were modelled using finite element methods. The model was verified against a known analytic solution describing the electric field surrounding a capacitor in air. The agreement between the two is good, as the difference is less than 10% unless within 4.5mm of the DEA's lateral edges. As expected, it was found that for a DEA constructed with thinner dielectric layers, the fringe field strength dropped in direct proportion to the reduction in applied voltage, despite the internal field being maintained at the same level. More interestingly, modelling the electric field around stacked DEAs showed that for an even number of layers the electric field is an order of magnitude less than for an odd number of layers, due to the cancelling of opposing electric fields.
Relationship between Expression of XIAP Protein in Operable Non-small Cell Lung Carcinomas and Apoptosis Index and Postoperative Prognosis (2005)

Background : Dysregulation of apoptosis plays an important role in carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and resistance to chemotherapy. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is considered to be the most potent caspase inhibitor of all known IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) family members. This study was designed to assess the pattern of expression and the prognostic value of XIAP in radically resected non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. Method : The expression of XIAP and its relationship with clinicopathologic parameters (patient age, TNM stage, TNM-pT, TNM-pN, histologic type, VEGF expression, microvessel density, PCNA index) and overall survival were analysed with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from eighty cases of NSCLC. In addition, the apoptotic index (AI) was also assessed. Results : In a regard to histologic type, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) showed XIAP expression in 91.3%(42/46) and adenocarcinoma (AC) in 61.8%(21/34). The difference was significant(p=0.001). There was no correlation between XIAP expression and other parameters. In the group of AC, XIAP expression showed the signifcant correlation with older age group 58 years and VEGF expression(p=0.028, p=0.014, respectively). The AI in the group with or without XIAP expression were 2.54.9% and 18.528.9%, respectively(p=0.001). Both groups just aforementioned showed no significant difference in median survival time (42.5 months, 29.8 months, respectively). Conclusion : This study suggests that the XIAP expression in NSCLCs could have relation to inhibition of apoptosis, and show differential expression according to histologic type. However, its prognostic role during the progression of NSCLC needs to be further defined.
Identification and discrimination of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>strains using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (2002)

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen frequently resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are common nosocomial pathogens that pose a world-wide problem. Rapid and accurate discrimination between methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus is essential for appropriate therapeutic management and timely intervention for infection control. We report here the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for monitoring the bacterial fingerprints expressed by two well characterized S. aureus strains ATCC 29213 (MSSA) and ATCC 43330 (MRSA). Consistent strain-specific data were obtained from subcultures analyzed over a period of three months as well as after changing the growth media from Mueller-Hinton to blood agar indicating the reliability of the method. The bacterial fingerprints of these two strains were compared to independent clinical isolates of S. aureus. A uniform signature profile for MRSA could not be identified. However, the bacterial fingerprints obtained proved to be specific for any given strain. This study demonstrates that MALDI-TOF MS is a powerful method for rapid identification of clonal strains of S. aureus, which might be useful for tracking nosocomial outbreaks of MRSA and for epidemiologic studies of infections diseases in general.
Embryonic stem cell lines from MRL mice allow genetic modification in a murine model of autoimmune disease (1997)

The MRL/MpJ-Fas(lpr) (MRL-lpr/lpr) mouse spontaneously develops a generalized autoimmune disease with features similar to those of systemic lupus erythematosus. This mouse strain provides a valuable system for identifying and characterizing the multiple genetic factors that influence the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. One of the most powerful means of examining the role of a specific gene product in vivo is by inactivating the gene in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by homologous recombination and using these cells to derive mouse lines carrying the inactivated gene. The successful application of this approach, however, requires an ES cell line that will remain stable in culture during the processes of genetic manipulation and selection. To date, ES cell lines that meet this criterion have been derived from only a few mouse strains. Here we describe the production and characterization of stable ES cell lines from the MRL mouse strain. Approximately 7% of the blastocysts derived from the MRL/MpJ+ (MRL-+/+) strain gave rise to ES cell lines, and both of the male MRL-+/+ ES cell lines tested were shown to be germline competent. We show that the MRL-+/+ ES cell lines undergo gene targeting by homologous recombination at high frequency by inactivating the gene encoding the EP2 prostaglandin receptor. These Ep2-targeted MRL ES cell lines were used to generate MRL mouse lines heterozygous for the disrupted Ep2 gene, thus demonstrating the feasibility of using a genetic approach to dissect the pathobiology of the autoimmune disease in the MRL mouse.
Scalability of a novel wavelength assignment algorithm for WDM shared protection rings (2002)

Summary form only given. Ring topologies have recently emerged as the preferred architectures for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks because of the survivability capabilities they provide and the fact that their capacity can be shared by all the nodes connected to a ring. This report focuses on four-fiber WDM self-healing ring (SHR) architectures in which restoration from a failure is achieved using automatic protection switching loop-back systems. A similar approach is also usable for two-fiber WDM SHRs except that the number of wavelengths required doubles.
A New Guiding and Tracking System (1962)

A new application of the near-field theory is described which permits determination of the relative bearing of one object with respect to another by a simple phase measurement without an additional reference signal. The same instrument is used to measure distance between the objects. The angle indication is independent of distance.
Crown ether chemistry. Substitution reactions of potassium halide and potassium hydroxide complexes of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrown ether chemistry. Substitution reactions of potassium halide and potassium hydroxide complexes of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6Donnie J. Sam and Howard E. SimmonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 7, 2252–2253Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00814a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00814a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2159Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study on synthetic evaluation model of wetland ecosystem of poyang lake (2004)

The synthetic evaluation model of wetland ecosystem of the Poyang Lake was built by making evaluation index system and applying AHP(analytic hierachy process) method to ascertain the weight of various evaluation indexes. The results showed that lack of capital, flood and waterlogging, expansion of pollution, and irrational exploitation had great effects on the ecosystem. Strengthening harmonious administration of wetland, carrying out 32-word guidelines, exerting the advantage of water resources, enhancing legal system construction and scientific research of wetland were the main countermeasures to keep the sustainable development of wetland ecosystem of the Poyang Lake.
Enhancement of intersubband Stark effects in <i>L</i>-valley step quantum wells for infrared modulation and voltage tunable detection (1993)

We propose a new type of optical modulator employing two-step Ga1−xAlxSb/Ga1−yAlySb/Ga1−zAlzSb L-valley quantum wells to enhance the Stark shifts of the intersubband transition energy and therefore to achieve large absorption spectral changes with applied bias. Due to the effective-mass anisotropy of electrons in the L-valleys and the tilted growth direction with respect to the valleys, this novel structure can intrinsically absorb normal incidence light. Under an electric field of 50 kV/cm, a blue shift of the absorption peak from 10.9 to 9.8 μm was found from our calculations in a Ga0.7Al0.3Sb/Ga0.5Al0.5Sb/Ga0.4Al0.6Sb structure with a Ga0.7Al0.3Sb well width of 25 Å and a Ga0.5Al0.5Sb step width of 25 Å. The ability to absorb normally incident light and to achieve significant Stark effects with bias makes this structure an attractive choice for such high-speed optoelectronic devices as vertical infrared light modulators and voltage tunable photodetectors.
Validation of differential <i>GDAP1</i> DNA methylation in alcohol dependence and its potential function as a biomarker for disease severity and therapy outcome (2016)

Alcohol dependence is a severe disorder contributing substantially to the global burden of disease. Despite the detrimental consequences of chronic alcohol abuse and dependence, effective prevention strategies as well as treatment options are largely missing to date. Accumulating evidence suggests that gene-environment interactions, including epigenetic mechanisms, play a role in the etiology of alcohol dependence. A recent epigenome-wide study reported widespread alterations of DNA methylation patterns in alcohol dependent patients compared to control individuals. In the present study, we validate and replicate one of the top findings from this previous investigation in an independent cohort: the hypomethylation of GDAP1 in patients. To our knowledge, this is the first independent replication of an epigenome-wide finding in alcohol dependence. Furthermore, the AUDIT as well as the GSI score were negatively associated with GDAP1 methylation and we found a trend toward a negative association between GDAP1 methylation and the years of alcohol dependency, pointing toward a potential role of GDAP1 hypomethylation as biomarker for disease severity. In addition, we show that the hypomethylation of GDAP1 in patients reverses during a short-term alcohol treatment program, suggesting that GDAP1 DNA methylation could also serve as a potential biomarker for treatment outcome. Our data add to the growing body of knowledge on epigenetic effects in alcohol dependence and support GDAP1 as a novel candidate gene implicated in this disorder. As the role of GDAP1 in alcohol dependence is unknown, this novel candidate gene should be followed up in future studies.
Thrombocytopenia in Obstetric Syndromes (1979)

Thrombocytopenia is a phenomenon sometimes observed in connection with various obstetric syndromes. Many times it appears clinically to be a comparatively benign complication of an otherwise significant disease. In some cases, however, it may be a clue to serious disease and its pathophysiology. The subject of thrombocytopenia induced by or related to various obstetric syndromes is reviewed and comments offered regarding the significance of the observation of platelet deficiency in these conditions.
Bistable optical fibre switch (1980)

The construction of a fast low-powered one-pole two-way optical fibre switch is described. It has a measured insertion loss of 0.43 dB, or 0.04 dB with index matching fluid, and a crosstalk below −75 dB. Switch power is 0.6 mJ with a total switching time of 2 ms The time to switch from one fibre output to another is 0.4 ms.
Polarization properties of interferometrically interrogated fiber Bragg grating and tandem-interferometer strain sensors (2006)

Lead sensitivity in low-coherence interferometric fiber-optic sensors is a well-known problem. It can lead to a severe degradation in the sensor resolution and accuracy through its effect on the fringe visibility and interferometric phase. These sensitivities have been attributed to birefringence in the various components. In the current work, an analysis of the polarization properties of fiber Bragg grating and tandem-interferometer strain sensors, using Stokes calculus and the Poincare/spl acute/ sphere, is presented. The responses of these sensors as a function of the birefringence properties of the various components under different illuminating conditions are derived. The predicted responses demonstrate very good agreement with experimentally measured responses. These models provide a clear insight into the evolution of the polarization states through the sensor networks. Methods to overcome the lead sensitivity are discussed and demonstrated, which yield a differential strain measurement accuracy of 18 n/spl epsiv//spl middot/rms for a fiber Bragg grating sensor.
Performance of Different Readout Topologies of Silicon Drift Detectors in PIXE Spectroscopy (2008)

PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) is a very powerful technique for the detection of medium-light elements (down to Z=11 − Na) due to its superior cross-sections in this atomic number region. However, a common problem in all PIXE setups is the backscattering of protons from the target that perturbs the electronic system, causing front-end electronics saturation, increasing the dead-time and deteriorating the energy resolution due to signal-dependent noise. The state-of-the-art detectors for X-ray spectroscopy are silicon drift detectors characterized by a very low output capacitance (of the order of 100 fF) independent of the active area of the device. This feature allows the SDD to reach a lower electronic noise with respect to a conventional silicon diode of equivalent area and thickness. The integration of the first stage of the front-end electronics on the detector chip allows extremely high-resolution spectroscopy even at high counting rates and low energies. We have evaluated the performance of different readout configurations in PIXE spectroscopy (source follower configuration, self-reset charge amplifier configuration, adaptive self-reset charge amplifier configuration, pulsed-reset charge amplifier). The readout topologies have been compared in terms of output waveform, achievable energy resolution, peak shift and maximum count rate.
A security-enhanced express delivery system based on NFC (2016)

In the traditional express delivery system, the personal information of the sender and the receiver is unprotected, the package is easy to be mistaken accidently or maliciously and the reception signature is easy to be counterfeited or denied. In this paper, an express delivery system based on the NFC (Near Field Communication) technology and cryptographic protocols is proposed. Secure NFC tags instead of traditional order sheets are used to protect the personal information. Mutual authentication and session key agreement protocols with online or offline server are proposed. Digital signature of the receiver is introduced to ensure the undeniable reception of the package. Security analysis proves that this express delivery system provides a more privacy-preserving, accurate and undeniable solution.
A Bayesian Approach to Face Hallucination Using DLPP and KRR (2010)

Low resolution faces are the main barrier to efficient face recognition and identification in several problems primarily surveillance systems. To mitigate this problem we proposes a novel learning based two-step approach by the use of Direct Locality Preserving Projections (DLPP), Maximum a posterior estimation (MAP) and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) for super-resolution of face images or in other words Face Hallucination. First using DLPP for manifold learning and MAP estimation, a smooth Global high resolution image is obtained. In second step to introduce high frequency components KRR is used to model the Residue high resolution image, which is then added to Global image to get final high quality detail featured Hallucinated face image. As shown in experimental results the proposed system is robust and efficient in synthesizing low resolution faces similar to the original high resolution faces.
Changes in IK,ACh single-channel activity with atrial tachycardia remodelling in canine atrial cardiomyocytes (2007)

Atrial tachycardia increases agonist-independent constitutive I K,ACh single-channel activity by enhancing spontaneous channel opening, providing a molecular basis for AT effects on macroscopic I K,ACh observed in previous studies, as well as associated refractoriness abbreviation and tertiapin-suppressible AF promotion. These results suggest an important role for constitutive I K,Ach channel opening in AT remodelling and support its interest as a potential target for AF therapy.
The analysis of organic mercurials (1956)

Abstract This paper is a Progress Report on the work of the Joint Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Association of British Insecticide Manufacturers on the determination of total mercury in organo‐mercurials. Consideration of the methods available and of the various types of product which might be encountered led to trials of selected methods on suitable mixtures; from this experience, the Committee developed a relatively simple method involving reduction with zinc in glacial acetic acid, filtration, dissolution of the zinc amalgam in nitric acid, and titration with thiocyanate. With minor modifications, the method is applicable t o samples containing benzene hexachloride or chalk; a further modification to cover samples containing lead arsenate and/or Prussian Blue is under investigation. The method has given reliable results for common types of product, with and without benzene hexachloride, but further work is necessary to cover other possible additives.
Selective Solvents for Aromatic Hydrocarbons (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective Solvents for Aromatic HydrocarbonsDavis A. SkinnerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1955, 47, 2, 222–229Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50542a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50542a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Electron-beam-induced deposition of gold from aqueous solutions (2010)

Focused electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) using bulk liquid precursors is a novel approach to nanofabrication that has shown improvements in purity compared to EBID with gas-phase precursors. Here we report the first EBID of gold using bulk liquid precursors. We study the differences in gold deposited from three different aqueous solutions containing chloroauric acid (HAuCl(4)), sodium tetrachloroaurate (NaAuCl(4)), and the disulfitoaurate complex ([Au(SO(3))(2)](3-)). We also examine the dependence of threshold dose upon precursor concentration and demonstrate high-resolution patterning with a pitch as small as 50 nm. Finally, we show that the purity of gold deposited using these liquid precursors is significantly improved in comparison with deposits from metal-organic gaseous precursors.