gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of human tau protein by microtubule-associated kinases: GSK3? and cdk5 are key participants (2000)

Microtubules (MTs), primarily composed of alpha and beta tubulin polymers, must often work in concert with microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) in order to modulate their functional demands. In a mature brain neuron, one of the key MAPs that resides primarily in the axonal compartment is the tau protein. Tau, in the adult human brain, is a set of six protein isoforms, whose binding affinity to MTs can be modulated by phosphorylation. In addition to the role that phosphorylation of tau plays in the "normal" physiology of neurons, hyperphosphorylated tau is the primary component of the fibrillary pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although many protein kinases are known to phosphorylate tau in vitro, the in vivo players contributing to the hyperphosphorylation of tau remain elusive. The experiments in this study attempt to define which protein kinases and protein phosphatases reside in the associated network of microtubules, thereby being strategically positioned to influence the phosphorylation of tau. Microtubule fractions are utilized to determine which of the microtubule-associated kinases most readily impacts the phosphorylation of tau at "AD-like" sites. Results from this study indicate that PKA, CK1, GSK3beta, and cdk5 associate with microtubules. Among the MT-associated kinases, GSK3beta and cdk5 most readily contribute to the ATP-induced "AD-like" phosphorylation of tau.
On demand classification of data streams (2004)

Current models of the classification problem do not effectively handle bursts of particular classes coming in at different times. In fact, the current model of the classification problem simply concentrates on methods for one-pass classification modeling of very large data sets. Our model for data stream classification views the data stream classification problem from the point of view of a dynamic approach in which simultaneous training and testing streams are used for dynamic classification of data sets. This model reflects real life situations effectively, since it is desirable to classify test streams in real time over an evolving training and test stream. The aim here is to create a classification system in which the training model can adapt quickly to the changes of the underlying data stream. In order to achieve this goal, we propose an on-demand classification process which can dynamically select the appropriate window of past training data to build the classifier. The empirical results indicate that the system maintains a high classification accuracy in an evolving data stream, while providing an efficient solution to the classification task.
Data Fusion For Improved TOA/TDOA Position Determination in Wireless Systems (2000)

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) that regulates all wireless communication service providers has issued modified regulations that all service providers must select a method for providing position location (PL) information of a user, requesting for E-911 service, by October 2000. The wireless 911 rules adopted by the FCC are aimed both for improving the reliability of the wireless 911 services and for providing the enhanced features generally available for wireline calls. From the service providers perspective, effective position location technologies must be utilized to meet the FCC rules. The Time-of-Arrival (TOA) and the Time-Difference-of-Arrival (TDOA) methods are the technology that can provide accurate PL information without necessitating excessive hardware or software changes to the existing cellular/PCS infrastructure. The TOA method works well when the mobile station (MS) is located close to the controlling base station. With certain corrections applied, the TOA method can perform reliably even in the presence of Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) condition. The TDOA method performs better when the MS is located at a significant distance from the controlling base station. However, under the NLOS environmental condition, the performance of the TDOA method degenerates significantly. The fusion of TOA and the TDOA method exhibits certain advantages that are not evident when only one of the methods is applied. This thesis investigates the performance of data fusion techniques for a PL system, that are able to merge independent estimates obtained from TOA and TDOA measurements. A channel model is formulated for evaluating PL techniques within a NLOS cellular environment. It is shown that NLOS propagation can introduce a bias into TDOA measu...
Special Feature: Computer Design to Minimize Memory Requirements (1976)

Matching the instructions and their representations to the distributions of usage can save 75% of the space taken by contemporary machine representations. The gain in space may be accompanied by a reduction in execution time due to more efficient use of data paths. Variable-length codes can also eliminate all forms of overflow from machine-language, and greatly reduce the probability of overflow in data.
Safety and Efficacy of Everolimus in Adult Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors (2012)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) consist of a diverse family of tumors which are derived from the neuroendocrine system. Most NETs are well or moderately differentiated tumors with a relatively indolent growth pattern. However, these tumors can cause significant clinical disease due to release of functional products that mediate the carcinoid syndrome and other diverse sequela. They also can grow progressively and cause symptoms from local invasion or distant metastasis. NETs are optimally treated with surgery and somatosatin analogs (SSA's) to control symptoms but are relatively insensitive to systemic chemotherapy. As a result, patients with advanced unresectable NETs have a poor prognosis. In 2011, two targeted therapies, sunitinib and everolimus were approved in the subset of progressive pancreatic NETs (pNETs). Everolimus is an oral inhibitor of the growth stimulatory mTOR pathway. In Phase 2 trials in NETs and pNETs, everolimus was well tolerated and associated with some response and widespread disease stabilization. In follow-up, randomized Phase 3 trials, everolimus was compared to placebo. In the RADIANT-2 trial, everolimus and a somatostatin analog were used in patients with functional NETs and treatment was associated with an an improvement in progression-free survival (PFS). In the RADIANT-3 trial, patients with pNET were randomized to receive everolimus or placebo along with best supportive care. Everolimus was again associated with improvement in PFS compared to placebo and it has been approved by the FDA for patients with progressive pNET. Everolimus is associated with frequent low grade toxicity but is also notable for increased rates of infection as well as non-infectious pneumonitis. mTOR inhibition with everolimus represents a significant advance in the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumors.
Chitin and Chitosan — Properties and Applications (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Construction of non-convex polynomial loss functions for training a binary classifier with quantum annealing (2014)

Quantum annealing is a heuristic quantum algorithm which exploits quantum resources to minimize an objective function embedded as the energy levels of a programmable physical system. To take advantage of a potential quantum advantage, one needs to be able to map the problem of interest to the native hardware with reasonably low overhead. Because experimental considerations constrain our objective function to take the form of a low degree PUBO (polynomial unconstrained binary optimization), we employ non-convex loss functions which are polynomial functions of the margin. We show that these loss functions are robust to label noise and provide a clear advantage over convex methods. These loss functions may also be useful for classical approaches as they compile to regularized risk expressions which can be evaluated in constant time with respect to the number of training examples.
Overexpression of Stromal Cell–derived Factor-1 Enhances Endothelium-supported Transmigration, Maintenance, and Proliferation of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (2006)

To clarify the direct effects of aberrant overexpression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) by the human endothelium on circulating progenitor cells, we overexpressed the SDF-1 gene in human umbilical vein endothelial cells using an adenoviral vector (HUVEC/AdeSDF-1) and examined the endothelium-supported trafficking and growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in mobilized peripheral blood (mPB). In culture, the HUVEC/AdeSDF-1 monolayers induced the migration of mPB CD34(+) cells underneath the endothelium within a few hours, whereas HUVEC monolayers that expressed the LacZ gene (HUVEC/AdeLacZ) did not have this effect. In the Transwell system, the HUVEC/AdeSDF-1 cells supported a higher level of spontaneous transmigration of mPB CD34(+) cells than did the HUVEC/AdeLacZ cells. The co-culturing of mPB CD34(+) cells with HUVEC/ AdeSDF-1 cells led to a greater expansion of CD45(+) cells and colony-forming cells and reduced cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, the co-culturing of mPB CD34(+) cells with HUVEC/AdeSDF-1 cells led to the formation of numerous cobblestone-like areas, whereas co-cultures of mPB CD34(+) cells and HUVEC/AdeLacZ supported only a few cobblestone-like areas. These results indicate that SDF- 1 produced by endothelial cells plays an important role not only in the transmigration but also in the growth of HPCs that are in contact with endothelial cells. Our findings suggest that the enhanced expression and production of SDF-1 in the endothelium are essential steps for stem cell or progenitor cell recruitment to specific tissues and for the maintenance of these cells in situ.
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> CodY represses early-stationary-phase genes by sensing GTP levels (2001)

CodY, a highly conserved protein in the low G + C, gram-positive bacteria, regulates the expression of many Bacillus subtilis genes that are induced as cells make the transition from rapid exponential growth to stationary phase and sporulation. This transition has been associated with a transient drop in the intracellular pool of GTP. Many stationary-phase genes are also induced during exponential-growth phase by treatment of cells with decoyinine, a GMP synthetase inhibitor. The effect of decoyinine on an early-stationary-phase gene is shown here to be mediated through CodY and to reflect a reduction in guanine nucleotide accumulation. CodY proved to bind GTP in vitro. Moreover, CodY-mediated repression of target promoters was dependent on a high concentration of GTP, comparable to that found in rapidly growing exponential-phase cells. Because a codY-null mutant was able to sporulate under conditions of nutrient excess, CodY also appears to be a critical factor that normally prevents sporulation under such conditions. Thus, B. subtilis CodY is a novel GTP-binding protein that senses the intracellular GTP concentration as an indicator of nutritional conditions and regulates the transcription of early-stationary-phase and sporulation genes, allowing the cell to adapt to nutrient limitation.
Multi group dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme in long reach PONs (2010)

With the progress in optical technology, the span of the Passive Optical Network (PONs) grows from 20 km to 100 km or even larger, known as super PONs or Long Reach PONs (LR-PONs). Because of the long span, an LR-PON can server many Optical Network Units (ONUs). In addition, since Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and ONUs are placed at a long distance from each others, the propagation delay of data and control signals between OLT and ONUs is long compared with traditional PONs. Since this long propagation delay increases packet delay and decreases channel utilization, it is an important challenge in an LR-PON. In this paper, we propose a new Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (BDA) scheme called Multi Group DBA (MG-DBA) to improve utilization and to decrease packet delay. In MG-DBA, ONUs are classified into several groups. Therefore, when one group is sending its data to the OLT, the bandwidth for another group is simultaneously calculated. In addition, the OLT uses the Smallest Available Report First (SARF) for bandwidth calculation for each group to minimize packet delay. Simulation results show that the proposed MG-DBA algorithm can significantly reduce packet delay and improve channel utilization.
A Survey of Group Signature Technique, its Applications and Attacks (2013)

Group Signature scheme allows members of a group to sign messages on behalf of the group, such that the resulting signature does not reveal the identity of the signer. Signatures can be verified with respect to a single group public key. In case of dispute, only a designated group manager, because of their special property, is able to open signatures, and thus reveal the signer's identity. Its applications are widespread used, especially in e-commerce such as e-cash, e-voting and e-auction. This paper incorporate the detailed study of group signature definition, concept and the main contributions in this field such as applications of group signature that tells where we can use this technique. It starts with overview, concept, properties, keys used, application, challenges, and attack of group signature and a comparative analysis of some group signature techniques.
Bottom up creation of a DSL using templates and JSON (2011)

This paper proposes a concept and a workbench that allow developers to devise various kinds of applications with the help of templates. The workbench supports the development from the creation of the templates up to the (automatic) generation of a DSL (Domain Specific Language), providing developers with a bottom up support that mirrors the top down MDE (Model Driven Engineering) attempt to bolster application development.
Sensor Data and Information Fusion to Construct Digital-twins Virtual Machine Tools for Cyber-physical Manufacturing (2017)

This paper presents sensor data integration and information fusion to build “digital-twins” virtual machine tools for cyber-physical manufacturing. Virtual machine tools are useful for simulating machine tools’ capabilities in a safe and cost-effective way, but it is challenging to accurately emulate the behavior of the physical tools. When a physical machine tool breaks down or malfunctions, engineers can always go back to check the digital traces of the “digital-twins” virtual machine for diagnosis and prognosis. This paper presents an integration of manufacturing data and sensory data into developing “digital-twins” virtual machine tools to improve their accountability and capabilities for cyber-physical manufacturing. The sensory data are used to extract the machining characteristics profiles of a digital-twins machine tool, with which the tool can better reflect the actual status of its physical counterpart in its various applications. In this paper, techniques are discussed for deploying sensors to capture machine-specific features, and analytical techniques of data and information fusion are presented for modeling and developing “digital-twins” virtual machine tools. Example of developing the digital-twins of a 3-axis vertical milling machine is presented to demonstrate the concept of modeling and building a digital-twins virtual machine tool for cyber-physical manufacturing. The presented technique can be used as a building block for cyber-physic manufacturing development.
Studies on G-protein α·βγ heterotrimer formation reveal a putative S-prenyl-binding site in the α subunit (2003)

The alpha and betagamma subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins contain specific lipid modifications, which are required for their biological function. However, the relevance of these modifications to the interactions within the heterotrimeric G-protein is not fully understood. In order to explore the role of the S-prenyl moiety of the isoprenylated betagamma dimer of retinal transducin, betagamma(t), in the formation of the heterotrimeric complex with the corresponding N-acylated alpha subunit, alpha(t), we employed purified fully processed subunits, which are soluble in aqueous solutions without detergents. Pertussis-toxin-mediated [(32)P]ADP-ribosylation of alpha(t) is strongly stimulated (approximately 10-fold) in the presence of betagamma(t) and can thus serve as a measure for heterotrimer formation. Using this assay, preincubation of alpha(t) with S-prenyl analogues containing farnesyl or geranylgeranyl moieties was found to inhibit heterotrimer formation in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition was competitive and reversible, as indicated by its reversal upon increase of the betagamma(t) dimer concentration or by removal of the S-prenyl analogue using gel filtration. The competitive nature of the inhibition is supported by the marked attenuation of the inhibition when the S-prenyl analogue was added to alpha(t) together with or after betagamma(t). The inhibition does not involve interaction with the alpha(t) acyl group, since an S-prenyl analogue inhibited the [(32)P]ADP-ribosylation of an unlipidated alpha(t) mutant. These data suggest the existence of a hitherto unrecognized S-prenyl-binding site in alpha(t), which is critical for its interaction with prenylated betagamma(t).
Taxane Diterpenoids from the Stem Bark of <i>Taxus </i><i>m</i><i>airei</i> (2001)

Three new 11(15-->1)-abeo-taxanes, taxumairols U-W (1-3), have been isolated from extracts of the stem bark of Formosan Taxus mairei. The structures of 1-3 were identified as 5alpha,7beta,9alpha,13alpha,20-pentaacetoxy-2alpha,10beta,15-trihydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeo-taxene, 5alpha,7beta,9alpha,20-tetraacetoxy-2alpha,10beta,13alpha,15-tetrahydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeo-taxene, and 2alpha,4alpha,7beta,10beta-tetraacetoxy-5beta,20-epoxy-9alpha,13alpha,15-trihydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeo-taxene, respectively, on the basis of 2D NMR techniques including COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY experiments as well as chemical reactions of compounds 1-3 to give 4 (5alpha,7beta,9alpha,10beta,13alpha,20-hexaacetoxy-2alpha,15-dihydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeo-taxene) and 5 (4alpha,7beta,10beta-triacetoxy-9alpha,13alpha-dibenzoxy-5beta,20-epoxy-2alpha,15-dihydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeo-taxene), which are also novel taxane derivatives. Taxumairols U (1) and V (2) exhibited significant cytotoxicities against human hepatoma tumor cells, while taxumairol W (3) was inactive.
Modélisation numérique X-FEM de grands glissements avec frottement le long d'un réseau de discontinuités (2011)

Cette these porte sur la modelisation des failles geologiques. La principale motivation est de relâcher la contrainte de construction des maillages qui doivent normalement respecter les differentes discontinuites (failles, materiaux) du modele. Nous presentons les developpements realises pour exploiter les avantages de l'approche X-FEM pour ce type de modelisation. Les elements bibliographiques associes a la methode X-FEM sont tout d'abord passes en revue puis nous exposons le travail effectue pendant la these concernant la modelisation de reseaux de failles avec une condition cinematique en ouverture. Une strategie X-FEM modelisant des jonctions est etendue pour representer des geometries 3D complexes comportant des jonctions entre failles. Des solutions pour resoudre certains problemes de conditionnement de matrice avec X-FEM sont aussi discutees. Les elements bibliographiques pour le traitement du contact avec X-FEM sont ensuite passes en revue, puis nous decrivons le travail effectue sur le traitement du contact-frottement avec X-FEM pour la modelisation des failles. La principale difficulte est de pouvoir apporter des solutions a des problemes deja presents dans la methode classique des elements finis, notamment en ce qui concerne la gestion du contact et du frottement, tout en reglant des problemes propres a X-FEM comme le respect de la condition LBB. Les travaux sur le contact X-FEM sont approfondis, afin de modeliser le contact-frottement en grands glissements dans des reseaux de failles 3D. Le traitement du contact au niveau des jonctions est egalement discute. Pour tester la robustesse de la methode, les algorithmes implementes sont testes sur des modeles de tectonique de bassins sedimentaires ou de reservoirs. Un cas d'application inverse, avec une reduction de l'incertitude sur le modele initial a partir d’observations de l'etat actuel, permet de mettre en valeur la representation des failles par des fonctions de niveau implicites. En fin de memoire, nous proposons quelques suites possibles a ce travail. Il serait notamment interessant de prendre en compte le developpement de microstructures dans les reservoirs geologiques, comme les fractures diffuses, par le biais de lois de comportement specifiques, ainsi que d'etudier la propagation des failles et la modelisation des discontinuites materiaux.
A Method for Diagnosing the Performance of Sucker Rod String in Straight Inclined Wells (1994)

Abstract Most existing state-of-the-art diagnostic models, that determine the downhole conditions from polished rod data, are based on the limitations of presuming vertical hole and neglecting the rod-tubing rub. Sometimes, the current diagnostic techniques have been found to cause unrealistic results in the wells where excessive rod friction is suspected. This paper presents an improved model of rod motion with combined Coulomb and viscous friction. Using Fourier series, an exact steady-state solution of longitudinal vibrations of sucker rod has been developed analytically. The effect of transverse displacement is calculated with Galerkin energy principles. It provides a uesful tool to diagnose the downhole operating conditions in straight inclined well even in vertical well with severe dog leg.
Sirolimus for Kaposi's Sarcoma in Renal-Transplant Recipients (2005)

Sirolimus inhibits the progression of dermal Kaposi's sarcoma in kidney-transplant recipients while providing effective immunosuppression.
Relation of the Insertion Loss and the Triple Transit Echo in SAW Unidirectional Transducers (1983)

The scattering matrix of SAW unidirectional transducers is calculated on the assumption that it is passive, reversible and lossless. Then the insertion loss and the triple transit echo are obtained as a function of the normalized radiation conductance. The propriety of the theoretical results is verified by experiments.
AN AUTOMATIC FOCUSING DEVICE FOR OPHTHALMIC LENSE (1958)

Ophthalmic Division, American Optical Company Southbridge, Massachusetts *Read before the annual meeting of the American Academy of Optometry. Houston, Texas, December 11, 1956. For publication in the April, 1958, issue of the American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry. †Lens Development Manager.
Formation of Intercalation Compounds of a Layered Sodium Octosilicate with <i>n</i>-Alkyltrimethylammonium Ions and the Application to Organic Derivatization (1994)

Abstract In this study, n-alkyltrimethylammonium ions ([CnH2n+1N(CH3)3]+; n = 12,14,16,18) were intercalated in the interlayer space of layered sodium octosilicate (Na2Si8O17·nH2O) via an ion-exchange reaction. The interlayer space was further modified by grafting of the trimethylsilyl groups via a reaction between a dodecyltrimethylammonium–octosilicate intercalation compound and chlorotrimethylsilane.
Glycosyl Imidates, 43 Synthesis of Lacto<i>neo</i>tetraosyl Ceramide (1989)

Abstract Azidosphingosine glycosylation proved to be a valuable method for the synthesis of lacto neo tetraosyl ceramide 15 . For this aim the 2‐azido‐2‐deoxylactosyl donor 5 was treated with the lactosederived acceptor 4 to provide the tetrasaccharide derivative 6 . Transformation into the corresponding trichloroacetimidate 10 led to an efficient tetraosyl donor for the β‐selective glycosylation of 3‐ O ‐benzoyl‐azidosphingosine 11 . The product 12 was converted into the lysoglycosphingolipid 14 ; palmitoylation of the free amino group then afforded compound 15 .