gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Progastrins and Gastrins and Their Receptors in GI and Pancreatic Cancers: Targets for Treatment (2004)

Accumulating evidence in literature suggests that amidated and non-amidated gastrins (gastrin precursors) may play an important role in the proliferation and carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers, especially in the presence of DNA damaging agents and/or infectious agents. Amidated gastrins appear to have a protective role, while progastrins exert growth promoting effects in cancers. Several receptor subtypes and signal transduction pathways mediate the biological effects of the gastrin peptides. Progastrin and gastrins also exert anti-apoptotic effects, which may additionally contribute to the growth and co-carcinogenic effects of these peptides on GI mucosal cells in vivo. Amidated gastrins additionally play an important role in the migration of GI epithelial cells, and in glandular morphogenesis, while progastrins may play an important role in invasion and metastasis. Therefore, targeting progastrins, gastrins, and their cognate receptors may provide a therapeutic tool for treating GI and pancreatic cancers. Targeting CCK2-receptors has, so far, not provided optimal beneficial effects. However, targeting gastrins via a vaccine approach has provided some encouraging results for treating GI and pancreatic cancers. It is expected that targeting precursor gastrins (progastrins and gly-gastrins), exclusively rather than amidated gastrins, may be more effective for treating GI cancers. Since GI cancers at advanced stages are largely responsive to autocrine and intracrine progastrins, down-regulation of intracellular progastrins will likely be more effective at this stage.
Stalin and Hitler. The Reasons for and the Results of the Nazi-Bolshevik Pact (1940)

Stalin and Hitler. The Reasons for and the Results of the Nazi-Bolshevik Pact. (A Penguin Special.) * Stalin and Hitler. The Reasons for and the Results of the Nazi-Bolshevik Pact. (A Penguin Special.) By Fischer Louis. 1940. (London : Penguin Books. 96 pp. 6d.) Wootton Barbara Wootton Barbara Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs Review Supplement, Volume 19, Issue 2, October 1940, Pages 135–136, https://doi.org/10.2307/3025678 Published: 01 October 1940
Subtelomeric CTCF and cohesin binding site organization using improved subtelomere assemblies and a novel annotation pipeline (2014)

Mapping genome-wide data to human subtelomeres has been problematic due to the incomplete assembly and challenges of low-copy repetitive DNA elements. Here, we provide updated human subtelomere sequence assemblies that were extended by filling telomere-adjacent gaps using clone-based resources. A bioinformatic pipeline incorporating multiread mapping for annotation of the updated assemblies using short-read data sets was developed and implemented. Annotation of subtelomeric sequence features as well as mapping of CTCF and cohesin binding sites using ChIP-seq data sets from multiple human cell types confirmed that CTCF and cohesin bind within 3 kb of the start of terminal repeat tracts at many, but not all, subtelomeres. CTCF and cohesin co-occupancy were also enriched near internal telomere-like sequence (ITS) islands and the nonterminal boundaries of subtelomere repeat elements (SREs) in transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and human embryonic stem cell (ES) lines, but were not significantly enriched in the primary fibroblast IMR90 cell line. Subtelomeric CTCF and cohesin sites predicted by ChIP-seq using our bioinformatics pipeline (but not predicted when only uniquely mapping reads were considered) were consistently validated by ChIP-qPCR. The colocalized CTCF and cohesin sites in SRE regions are candidates for mediating long-range chromatin interactions in the transcript-rich SRE region. A public browser for the integrated display of short-read sequence-based annotations relative to key subtelomere features such as the start of each terminal repeat tract, SRE identity and organization, and subtelomeric gene models was established.
Treatment of patients with early epithelial ovarian cancer (2003)

During the past year, it has been shown that platin-based adjuvant chemotherapy improves recurrence-free and overall survival in early epithelial ovarian cancer. It should be emphasized, however, that this was demonstrated in patients in whom the true nature of early stage disease was doubtful in many patients due to incomplete surgical staging. In a subgroup of patients who are optimally surgically staged, adjuvant chemotherapy may be less effective. Theoretically, only a future trial randomizing optimal surgical staging versus adjuvant chemotherapy may be able to provide definitive conclusions, but such a trial would be almost impossible to conduct. In the meantime, optimal staging is advocated in all patients who are fit enough to undergo this procedure. Degree of differentiation should be incorporated in a new International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics classification for stage I disease and in clinical decision making.
An approach to automatic recognition of spontaneous facial actions (2003)

Presents work on a project for the automatic recognition of spontaneous facial actions. Spontaneous facial expressions differ substantially from posed expressions, similar to how spontaneous speech differs from directed speech. Previous methods for automatic facial expression recognition assumed images were collected in controlled environments in which the subjects deliberately faced the camera. Since people often nod or turn their heads, automatic recognition of spontaneous facial behavior requires methods for handling out-of-image-plane head rotations. There are many promising approaches to address the problem of out-of-image plane rotations. In this paper, we explore an approach based on 3D warping of images into canonical views. A front-end system was developed that jointly estimates camera parameters, head geometry and 3D head pose across entire sequences of video images. First, a small set of images was used to estimate camera parameters and 3D face geometry. Markov-chain Monte-Carlo methods were then used to recover the most likely sequence of 3D poses given a sequence of video images. Once the 3D pose was known, we warped each image into frontal views with a canonical face geometry. We evaluated the performance of the approach as a front-end for a spontaneous expression recognition system using support vector machines and hidden Markov models. This system employed general-purpose learning mechanisms that can be applied to recognition of any facial movement. We showed that 3D tracking and warping, followed by machine learning techniques directly applied to the warped images, is a viable and promising technology for automatic facial expression recognition. One exciting aspect of the approach presented is that information about movement dynamics emerged out of filters which were derived from the statistics of images.
Representing Crowd Knowledge: Guidelines for Conceptual Modeling of User-generated Content (2017)

Organizations’ increasing reliance on externally produced information, such as online user-generated content (UGC) and crowdsourcing, challenges common assumptions about conceptual modeling in information systems (IS) development. We demonstrate UGC’s societal importance, analyze its distinguishing characteristics, identify specific conceptual modeling challenges in this setting, evaluate traditional and recently proposed approaches to modeling UGC, propose a set of conceptual modeling guidelines for developing IS that harness structured UGC, and demonstrate how to implement and evaluate the proposed guidelines using a case of development of a real crowdsourcing (citizen science) IS. We conclude by considering implications for conceptual modeling research and practice.
Effect of Probenecid on Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Penicillin and Cephalosporin Derivatives (1974)

Probenecid may elevate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of penicillin G by inhibiting the excretion of organic acids from CSF. We have studied this phenomenon with various penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives. Penicillin concentrations were determined in rabbits under steady-state conditions before and after intravenous probenecid administration. With both low-dose and high-dose probenecid, CSF penicillin levels increased two to three times as did CSF concentration as a percentage of serum level. The same probenecid effect was consistently demonstrated in animals with experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Probenecid likewise increased the CSF concentration of ampicillin, carbenicillin, nafcillin, cephacatrile, and cefazolin. Probenecid may prove useful in certain bacterial infections where high CSF antibiotic levels are necessary.
Wide Pulse Combined With Narrow-Pulse Generator for Food Sterilization (2008)

This paper proposes a wide pulse combined with a narrow-pulse generator for solid-food sterilization. The proposed generator is composed of a full-bridge converter in phase-shift control to generate a high dc-link voltage and a full-bridge inverter associated with an L-C network and a transformer to generate wide pulses combined with narrow pulses. These combined pulses can prevent undesired strong air arcing in free space, reduce power consumption, and save power components, while sterilizing food effectively. The converter and inverter can be operated at high frequencies and with pulse width-modulation control; thus, its weight and size can be reduced significantly, and its efficiency can correspondingly be improved. Experimental results obtained from a prototype with plusmn10-kV wide pulses combined with plusmn10-kV narrow pulses and with 10- to 50-kW peak output power, depending on pulsewidth of the output pulses, have demonstrated its feasibility.
Molecular basis of CD36 deficiency. Evidence that a 478C-->T substitution (proline90-->serine) in CD36 cDNA accounts for CD36 deficiency. (1995)

CD36 deficiency is divided into two subgroups: neither platelets nor monocytes express CD36 (type I deficiency), and monocytes express CD36 in spite of the lack of platelet CD36 (type II deficiency). We have already demonstrated that a 478C-->T substitution (proline90-->serine) in platelet CD36 cDNA predominates in type II deficiency (Kashiwagi, H., S. Honda, Y. Tomiyama, H. Mizutani, H. Take, Y. Honda, S. Kosugi, Y. Kanayama, Y. Kurata, and Y. Matsuzawa. 1993. Thromb. Haemostasis. 69:481-484). In this study, we revealed that monocyte CD36 cDNA from two type II deficient subjects was heterozygous for C478 and T478 form, while platelet CD36 cDNA of these subjects consisted of only T478 form. In a type I deficient subject, both platelet and monocyte CD36 cDNA showed only T478 form. Expression assay using C478 or T478 form of CD36 cDNA transfected cells revealed that there was an 81-kD precursor form of CD36, and that the maturation of the 81-kD precursor form to the 88-kD mature form of CD36 was markedly impaired by the substitution. The mutated precursor form of CD36 was subsequently degraded in the cytoplasm. These results indicate that the 478C-->T substitution directly leads to CD36 deficiency via defects in posttranslational modification, and that this substitution is the major defects underlying CD36 deficiency.
Recent advances in the treatment of peritoneal dissemination of gastrointestinal cancers by nucleoside antimetabolites (2006)

Peritoneal dissemination is the most common cause of metastasis from malignancies in the abdominal cavity. There are no standard treatments for peritoneal dissemination and the results are poor. The reasons for this are as follows: (1) no effective chemotherapeutic agents have been identified or developed; (2) surgical cytoreduction has little effect on survival improvement; and (3) the molecular mechanisms of peritoneal dissemination have not been clarified and no therapy against the target molecules has been developed. However, studies on the molecular mechanisms of peritoneal dissemination have elucidated some of the target molecules and the development of new multimodal therapies has also improved survival. Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy and neoadjuvant intraperitoneal-systemic chemotherapy have been newly developed, and a novel surgical therapy named peritonectomy has been proposed to perform complete cytoreduction of peritoneal dissemination. At present, these approaches appear to be effective therapeutic modalities for peritoneal dissemination. However, TS-1 and capecitabine have shown worthwhile results in recent clinical trials for patients with advanced gastric cancer. We recently found that newly developed antitumor cytosine nucleoside analogs show a survival advantage in peritoneal dissemination models using human cancer cells. These non-fluoropyrimidine nucleosides may potentially help to improve the poor prognosis observed in patients with advanced cancers involving peritoneal dissemination.
Multiple layer transducers for broadband applications (2002)

A novel transducer structure which incorporates an active piezoelectric matching layer has been fabricated. This active matching layer is effectively used for pulse shaping purposes and an elegant technique, based on a Laplace domain matrix technique, is presented for determining the voltage excitation required to achieve a specified result. If arbitrary excitation can be applied to both layers then even greater versatility is afforded. Practical results demonstrate the viability of the technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Atomic emission spectrometry of solid samples with laser vaporization-microwave induced plasma system (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtomic emission spectrometry of solid samples with laser vaporization-microwave induced plasma systemToshio. Ishizuka and Yoshinori. UwaminoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 1, 125–129Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50051a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50051a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sensitivity-enhanced reflection Z-scan by oblique incidence of a polarized beam (1998)

We demonstrate a new experimental method which allows the measurement of the nonlinear optic index in absorptive media with great sensitivity. In this technique the reflection from a polarized Gaussian laser beam close to the Brewster angle is measured. A sensitivity enhancement factor of 30 with respect to other techniques is observed for an optical crystal, and higher values are possible to be obtained.
A stochastic model excitation source for linear prediction speech analysis-synthesis (2005)

The aim of this paper is to simplify the new speech analysis-synthesis based on stochastic model of speech production proposed by Atal et. al.. Both the coder and the decoder have the same noise inventory. The prediction error obtained after both short and long term predictin of input speech is successively compaired with the noise inventory adjusting the scale factor. The code number which indicates the optimum noise sequence is sent to the decoder together with side informations concerning short and long term prediction. In the decoder, noise sequence specified by the code number received are sequentially passed through two filters: the first one with long term prediction and the second one with short term prediction. The experimental results show that the synthesized speech is good in quality. The transmission rate is estimated as low as 8 kbps. The method for generating an efficient noise inventory is also presented in this paper.
Rous sarcoma virus integrase protein: mapping functions for catalysis and substrate binding (1994)

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), like all retroviruses, encodes an integrase protein that is responsible for covalently joining the reverse-transcribed viral DNA to host DNA. We have probed the organization of functions within RSV integrase by constructing mutant derivatives and assaying their activities in vitro. We find that deletion derivatives lacking the amino-terminal 53 amino acids, which contain the conserved H-X(3-7)-H-X(23-32)-C-X(2)-C (HHCC) Zn(2+)-binding motif, are greatly impaired in their ability to carry out two reactions characteristic of integrase proteins: specific cleavage of the viral DNA termini and DNA strand transfer. Deletion mutants lacking the carboxyl-terminal 69 amino acids are also unable to carry out these reactions. However, all deletion mutants that retain the central domain are capable of carrying out disintegration, an in vitro reversal of the normal DNA strand transfer reaction, indicating that the catalytic center probably lies within this central region. Another conserved motif, D-X(39-58)-D-X(35)-E, is found in this central domain. These findings with RSV integrase closely parallel previous findings with human immunodeficiency virus integrase, indicating that a modular catalytic domain is a general feature of this family of proteins. Surprisingly, and unlike results obtained so far with human immunodeficiency virus integrase, efficient strand transfer activity can be restored to a mutant RSV integrase lacking the amino-terminal HHCC domain by fusion to various short peptides. Furthermore, these fusion proteins retain the substrate specificity of RSV integrase. These data support a model in which the integrase activities required for strand transfer in vitro, including substrate recognition, multimerization, and catalysis, all lie primarily outside the amino-terminal HHCC domain.
Clock synchronization in wireless LANs without hardware support (2010)

One typical approach to provide industrial automation networks with real-time guarantees is to plan a communication timeframe, which relies on synchronized clocks at all communication participants. This paper investigates how to reach such a clock synchronization accuracy in a wireless LAN, where commercially available chipsets dictate the implementation possibilities. Furthermore, this paper proposes a synchronization scheme which is in its implementation - an addendum to the beacons - load-independent.
Idling Port Isolation Control of Three-Port Bidirectional Converter for EVs (2011)

The battery charger and the dc-dc converter can be combined in a single unit with the three-port converter topology. In the three-port converter, one port is idling, while the other two are operating actively. To block power flowing into an idling port, a virtual isolation scheme is proposed. It is also illustrated by a phase analysis. Effectiveness of the proposed isolation scheme is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Clinical studies of the endogenous opioid system. (1982)

The role of the endogenous opioid system in humans was studied using three clinical research strategies. High doses of the opiate antagonist naloxone (up to 4 mg/kg) were administered to normal volunteers. Dose-dependent increases in self-ratings of tension-anxiety and anger-hostility were observed, supporting the hypothesized involvement of the endogenous opioid system in the modulation of human mood and feelings of well-being. Accompanying dose-dependent increases in systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate were found, suggesting that the lower doses of naloxone utilized in previous clinical studies were not sufficient to block the endogenous opioid system. CSF opioid activity in psychiatric patients and normals was measured using a sensitive radioreceptor assay developed by the authors. Results suggest diminished endogenous opioid system activity in some schizophrenics, and a relationship between opioid activity and state change in manic-depressive illness and anorexia nervosa. A complex but consistently observed relationship between ratings of anxiety and CSF opioid activity in normals and patients is consistent with basic science and clinical data suggesting interactions between CNS noradrenergic and opioid systems. General surgery was used as a strategy for studying the relationship of the endogenous opioid system to stress in humans; robust increases in levels of plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity accompanying surgical stress and an inverse relationship between patient levels of plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity and postoperative analgesic requirement were observed. These data support the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in the human stress response and suggest that hormonal stress response and endogenous opioid system activity may relate to human endogenous analgesic mechanisms.
A 1GSps RF sampling pipelined ADC with novel background digital calibration (2018)

This paper presents a novel high accuracy background calibration design for pipelined ADC. Pseudorandom (PN) sequences are used for gain error calibration but also limit the calibration accuracy because of the inherent quantization noise. So we add redundant stages and derive new algorithm to reduce the impact of quantization noise and improve the accuracy of gain error calibration. A 12-Bit 1Gsps RF sampling pipelined ADC using our proposed digital calibration has been designed. Both behavioral and post simulation indicates the proposed calibration works effectively, where the post simulation results show the ADC reaches an SNDR of 66.6 dB (ENOB=9.72-Bit) at 1GSps sampling rate after the calibration.
Problems encountered during introduction of Gianturco coils for transcatheter occlusion of the patent arterial duct (1997)

Transcatheter occlusion of the patent arterial duct using Gianturco coils is an effective and safe technique. In the learning curve there is a relatively high rate of inadvertent embolization, but the coils can be retrieved in the vast majority of patients. The complication rate is offset by the high early occlusion rate and the inexpensiveness of the procedure.
Saliency mapping in associative vision machine (2003)

A very effective measure of saliency, proposed by A. Sha'ashua and S. Ullman (1988), is based on curve length, continuity, and smoothness. Implemented as an iterative process to reduce complexity, it still takes 0.5 s/iteration on the Connection Machine. The authors present an associative algorithm more than three orders of magnitude faster when executed on the ARTVM (Associative Real Time Vision Machine). This is a classical associative architecture, adapted for vision and modular VLSI, that requires a very modest hardware complement (<100 chips).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>