gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting PI3K in Cancer: Impact on Tumor Cells, Their Protective Stroma, Angiogenesis, and Immunotherapy (2016)

The PI3K pathway extends beyond the direct regulation of cancer cell proliferation and survival. In B-cell malignancies, targeting PI3K purges the tumor cells from their protective microenvironment. Moreover, we propose that PI3K isoform-selective inhibitors may be exploited in the context of cancer immunotherapy and by targeting angiogenesis to improve drug and immune cell delivery. Cancer Discov; 6(10); 1090-105. ©2016 AACR.
Opportunities for Development of a Mature Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Industry (2009)

As the solar industry grows, there is interest in exploring a wide variety of approaches, Of these, concentrating photovoltaic power (CPV) is qualitatively different, using lenses or mirrors to reduce the amount of semiconductor material needed to produce each kW. The development of multijunction, III-V concentrator cells with efficiencies&gt; 40 % enables this approach by increasing the value of the optics. This paper explores the opportunities and challenges faced by this segment of the solar industry. INTRODUCTION: THE PROMISE OF CPV Today’s photovoltaic (PV) industry is growing at a rapid rate, but the industry would grow even faster if costs could be reduced for both the final products and the capital
FRAME: An Innovative Incentive Scheme in Vehicular Networks (2009)

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are envisioned to provide promising applications and services. One critical deployment issue in VANETs is to motivate vehicles and their drivers to cooperate and contribute to packet forwarding in vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-roadside communication. In this paper, we examine this problem, analyze the drawbacks of two straightforward schemes, and present a secure incentive scheme to stimulate cooperation in VANETs. We define the measurement of contribution according to the unique characteristics of VANET communication. Our scheme uses the weighted rewarding component to ensure fairness. Extensive simulation results are presented to support the effectiveness of our scheme.
Infrared Method for the Direct Control of Paraffin‐Wax Oxidation in the Presence of Boric Acid (1975)

Abstract A linear relationship has been found between the intensity of the infrared absorption of the B‐O stretching vibration in borate ester wax and the hydroxyl number of the hydrolised wax, offering a rapid analytical method for reaction control. Different linear correlations found for different reaction conditions due to different borate structures and the application to on‐line control are discussed.
Organic-nanoparticle dispersed photopolymers for volume holographic recording (2006)

We report on holographic recording in a new type of methacrylate photopolymers doped with hyperbranched polymers acting as organic nanoparticles. The diffraction efficiency near 100% with the refractive-index change as high as 0.005 in the green was obtained.
SPHINGOLIPID FUNCTIONS IN<i>SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE</i>: Comparison to Mammals (1998)

Many roles for sphingolipids have been identified in mammals. Available data suggest that sphingolipids and their intermediates also have diverse roles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These roles include signal transduction during the heat stress response, regulation of calcium homeostasis or components in calcium-mediated signaling pathways, regulation of the cell cycle, and functions as components in trafficking of secretory vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and as the lipid moiety in many glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. S. cerevisiae is likely to be the first organism in which all genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism are identified. This information will provide an unprecedented opportunity to determine, for the first time in any organism, how sphingolipid synthesis is regulated. Through the use of both genetic and biochemical techniques, the identification of the complete array of processes regulated by sphingolipid signals is likely to be possible, as is the quantification of the physiological contribution of each.
Oxidative Stress by Monoamine Oxidase-A Impairs Transcription Factor EB Activation and Autophagosome Clearance, Leading to Cardiomyocyte Necrosis and Heart Failure (2016)

This study unravels a new link between MAO-dependent H2O2 production and lysosomal dysfunction. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that the MAO-A/H2O2 axis has a negative impact on the elimination and recycling of mitochondria through the autophagy-lysosome pathway, which participates in cardiomyocyte death and HF. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 10-27.
The Effects of Self-Selected Music on Anxiety and Pain during Burn Dressing Changes (2006)

These findings indicate that music therapy composed of self-selected music is a valuable intervention for the treatment of pain and anxiety in patients undergoing burn dressing changes.
The origin binding protein of herpes simplex virus 1 binds cooperatively to the viral origin of replication oris. (1990)

The origin binding protein (OBP) or herpes simplex virus 1 has been expressed in Escherichia coli and used to study the role of multiple OBP binding sites in the herpes simplex virus #1 origin of replication, oris. Our results showed that the sequence CGTTCGCACTT was required for the binding of OBP to duplex DNA with high affinity. The minimal oris contains three repeats of this sequence or close derivatives thereof. Filter binding experiments have demonstrated that specific binding occurs to two of these repeats, box I and box II. An investigation using the DNase I footprinting technique revealed that the binding of OBP to box I and box II was cooperative and led to the formation of a highly organized complex in which the entire oris sequence was induced. We observed furthermore that the AT-rich sequence of the oris dyad was readily accessible to macromolecules even in the OBP.oris complex. The DNase I cleavage pattern of this sequence was, however, altered radically, indicating that a significant conformational change had occurred. A tentative structural model for the OBP-oris interaction is discussed on the basis of these observations.
Binocular Counterrolling in Humans During Dynamic Rotation (1979)

Seven subjects 18 to 66 years old underwent 360 degrees rotation at a constant velocity of 3 degrees/sec, in 27 trials beginning randomly right ear down or left ear down. A camera on the rotating chair photographed both eyes every 10 degrees. Dual projectors measured counterrolling, the image from one projector being aligned and rotated until it was superimposed on the image from the other. Right and left eyes were measured independently. The group reached maximum counterrolling at about 70 degrees and 270 degrees in rotations to the right, with values of about -6 degrees and 4 degrees respectively. Rotations to the left reached maximum at 50 degrees and 270 degrees with about 4.5 degrees and -5.25 degrees respectively. Individual subjects showed ranges of counterrolling varying from 4.03 degrees to 17.44 degrees, mean 11.30 degrees. More counterrolling was observed when subjects were tilted to right than to left. The downward eye counterrolled more than the upward. Amount of counterrolling was inversely correlated with age.
Protection against ultraviolet radiation by commercial summer clothing: need for standardised testing and labelling (2001)

It is difficult for the sun-aware consumer to choose the 'right' garment, with a third of summer clothing providing insufficient UV protection and only half of the fabrics having UPF 30+, the UPF recommended by the European standard. Therefore, apparel summer fabrics should be measured and labelled in accordance with a standard document.
Evaluation of <i>in vitro</i> activity of ciclopirox olamine, butenafine HCl and econazole nitrate against dermatophytes, yeasts and bacteria (2003)

The data suggest that ciclopirox olamine has the broadest in vitro activity, in comparison to econazole and butenafine HCl, against bacteria, yeasts and bacteria. These findings may have implications in the use of these antimycotics in the treatment of mixed cutaneous infections where bacteria or yeasts are present in addition to dermatophytes.
Pyrrolidine‐Camphor Derivative as an Organocatalyst for Asymmetic Michael Additions of α,α‐Disubstituted Aldehydes to β‐Nitroalkenes: Construction of Quaternary Carbon‐Bearing Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Conditions (2009)

Abstract magnified image A novel pyrrolidine‐camphor organocatalyst 3 was designed, synthesized and proven to be an efficient catalyst for the asymmetric Michael reaction. Treatment of α,α‐disubstituted aldehydes with β‐nitroalkenes in the presence of 20 mol% organocatalyst 3 and 20 mol% benzoic acid under solvent‐free conditions provided the desired Michael product possessing an all‐carbon quaternary center with high chemical yields (up to 99% yield) and high levels of enantioselectivities (up to 95% ee ).
Laminin receptors for neurite formation. (1988)

Laminin, a basement membrane glycoprotein promotes both cell attachment and neurite outgrowth. Separate domains on laminin elicit these responses, suggesting that distinct receptors occur on the surface of cells. NG108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma cells rapidly extend long processes in the presence of laminin. We report here that 125I-labeled laminin specifically binds to these cells and to three membrane proteins of 67, 110, and 180 kDa. These proteins were isolated by affinity chromatography on laminin-Sepharose. The 67-kDa protein reacted with antibody to the previously characterized receptor for cell attachment to laminin. Antibodies to the 110-kDa and 180-kDa bands demonstrated that the 110-kDa protein was found in a variety of epithelial cell lines and in brain, whereas the 180-kDa protein was neural specific. Antibodies prepared against the 110-kDa and 180-kDa proteins inhibited neurite outgrowth induced by the neurite-promoting domain of laminin, whereas antibodies to the 67-kDa laminin receptor had no effect on neurite outgrowth. We conclude that neuronal cells have multiple cell-surface laminin receptors and that the 110-kDa and 180-kDa proteins are involved in neurite formation.
Horizontal Well in the Devonian Shale, Martin County, Kentucky (1991)

ABSTRACT Columbia Natural Resources, Inc. and Columbia Gas System Service Corporation, subsidiaries of the Columbia Gas System, and the United States Department of Energy (DOE) have successfully drilled and completed a horizontal well in the Devonian Shale in Martin County, Kentucky. The objective of this co-funded project is to assess the effectiveness and economic feasibility of applying horizontal drilling and stimulation techniques to enhance the production of natural gas from the Devonian Shale. Columbia's well is one of three wells in a DOE program called "Horizontal Wells in the Devonian Shale." Drilling began June 1, 1990 and ended July 7, 1990. The well contains a three-part profile, a conventional vertical section, an angle building or curved section and finally the horizontal section. The well reached a measured depth (MD) of 6,263 feet, 3,754 feet true vertical depth (TVD) and a horizontal displacement of 2,872 feet was achieved in the desired direction, N12°W. Both air and foam were used as drilling fluids. The vertical section, tangent section between the curves and the horizontal sections of the well, were drilled using conventional rotary drilling methods. Downhole motors were used to build angle in the curved sections. Thirty-five gas shows were detected by the mud logger while drilling; measured flow rates exceeded 1 million cubic feet per day (MMcfd) at TD. Mud and geophysical log information were used to establish discrete completion zones. A 5-1/2″ production string equipped with five Payzone Packers and FO Completion Tool established six completion zones: an openhole/slotted liner section at the bottom; three zones isolated by the external packers with access to the formation through sliding sleeve FO completion tools; and, two zones which were cemented. Overall, this application of horizontal drilling has proven that additional reserves can be developed in the Devonian Shale by its application. The current economics could be greatly improved by developing additional technology.
Anti-Hair Snare Pool Drain Cover (2001)

Abstract A drain cover for swimming pools, spas and hot tubs has been designed which addresses eight hazards associated with conventional drain systems. This new drain cover, illustrated in Figure 1, eliminates hair entanglement, child evisceration and finger entrapment as well as minimizing body entrapment. Furthermore, its design and construction provide effective countermeasures against vandalism, broken drain covers, missing drain covers and structural deterioration due to environmental antagonists. Additional features unrelated to safety include a universal fastening system which adapts the cover to all circular main drains available in the United States. Also, the drain cover is an order of magnitude stronger than its competitors and has a safe flow rate that is 37% greater than its nearest competitor’s. The product has been manufactured using a PVC material that is the most resistant formulation currently known for counteracting the effects of ultraviolet radiation and chlorine and other chemicals typically found in pools. This paper presents an anatomy of the product’s development.
Young Stellar Population in the Lupus 3 Molecular Cloud (2006)

We report a pilot study to identify emission-line stars by use of the image database of the hydrogen-alpha survey by the United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope. The Lupus dark clouds are among the nearest star-forming regions. We analyzed a 30' × 30' field of the UK Schmidt Hα images centered around the 2 Herbig Ae stars of the Lupus 3 cloud. A list of 46 candidate T Tauri stars have been identified, among which 22 are new identifications. Seven out of these 22 Hα stars are not associated with molecular clouds, and have 2MASS colors suggestive of being classical T Tauri stars. At least two of the candidates have been spectroscopically confirmed to be T Tauri stars, while the rest are late-type dwarfs. This suggests that star formation in Lupus 3 is not limited to association with clouds, and thus the star formation history of the region should be reassessed. The UKST H-alpha database proves to be very useful, particularly in combination with 2MASS and optical spectroscopy, in study of the young stellar population in star-forming regions.
Comparison of human cervical mucus and artificial sperm penetration media (1999)

The cervical mucus penetration tests aid research and determine the clinical importance of positive sperm antibody tests. Limited availability and variability of human cervical mucus have instigated the search for mucus substitutes for these tests. This study compares sperm migration in cervical mucus with that in artificial media including hyaluronate solution, egg white and albumin Tyrode solution. Results were quantified by measuring the migration distance (the maximum distance of capillary migration from a semen reservoir by spermatozoa after 1 h) and the sperm concentration at half the migration distance. The mean of both measures for cervical mucus and hyaluronate solution were equivalent [4.4 +/- 1.1 (SD) versus 4.3 +/- 1.0 cm and 118 +/- 51 versus 111 +/- 44x10(3)/ml], and higher than in egg white and albumin Tyrode solution. Antisperm antibodies impaired sperm penetration in cervical mucus and hyaluronate solution in a similar manner (r = 0.92). These results suggest that hyaluronate solution sufficiently resembles human cervical mucus in terms of penetrability that it may be used as a substitute for mucus in capillary tube tests of sperm function. The higher penetrability of cervical mucus and hyaluronate solution is probably related to a channelling effect due to their polymeric structure.
Preparation of Alginate/Poly(L-Arginine)-Chitosan Ternary Complex Microcapsules (2009)

Following a polyelectrolytical complex reaction, alginate/poly(L-Arginine)-chitosan ternary complex microcapsules were prepared by coating poly(L-Arginine) and chitosan as membrane materials on calcium alginate beads, which were produced by a high-voltage electrostatic droplet generator. The influences on the diameter and uniformity of the calcium alginate beads were studied, and the optimum operating parameters were selected to produce microcapsules. The in vitro drug release behavior and pH stimuli-response of alginate/poly(L-Arginine)-chitosan ternary complex microcapsules were investigated. In comparison with alginate/chitosan microcapsules, alginate/poly(L-Arginine) microcapsules and their corresponding double-membrane microcapsules, alginate/poly(L-Arginine)-chitosan microcapsules released the macromolecular drug in a more sustained and stable way. It was found that they released 85.7% of the bovine erythrocytes hemoglobin (Hb) in 85 hours by approximate first-order kinetics in pH 6.8 PBS. While in a pH 1.0 HCl solution, only 9.6 % of the Hb was released in the first half hour and then the drug release shifted to a flat stage, which indicated that the alginate/poly(L-Arginine)-chitosan microcapsules possessed a pH stimuli-response property. The results suggest that the alginate/poly(L-Arginine)-chitosan ternary complex microcapsules might be a potential colon-targeted drug delivery system for the encapsulation of proteins.
Segmentation of seafloor sidescan imagery using Markov random fields and neural networks (2002)

Segmentation of seafloor acoustic imagery is of great importance in a wide range of applications. Although considerable successes have been achieved, a critical issue in this domain is the lack of reliable 2D image models from which segmentation and related processing can consistently proceed. The authors describe a nonparametric algorithm for the segmentation of seafloor sidescan imagery (SSI) based on a combination of Markov random fields and multiple layer perceptrons (MLP). SSI, which is considerably noisy and textured, is embodied by a hierarchy of Gibbs distributions. Segmentation of SSI is then considered as a maximum a posteriori estimation. To obtain better estimates of local likelihoods, an MLP is adopted for learning the distribution of observations from training data. Experimental results using data from a Pacific midocean ridge area are demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Periodical twinning for quasiphase-matched quartz (2003)

We report an in-situ observation technique of twinning in crystal quartz and demonstrate periodic twins propagating in an anisotropic shape. The propagating direction was found to be parallel to the Y axis, which is different from the previous reports.
Effect of 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane-g-Rice Husk Silica on Flame Retardant of ABS/Organomontmorillonite Nanocomposites (2010)

This work focused on an improvement of flame retardant properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) by varying amount of silica and organomontmorillonite (OMT). The silica was extracted from agricultural waste such as rice husk by chemical treatment. The obtained silica was characterized by SEM-EDX, XRF, FTIR, laser particle size analysis, and surface area analysis. After that, the rice husk silica (RHS) was surface-modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AMMO) before blending with ABS and OMT at various ratios by melt blending technique using twin-screw extruder. The effect of silane coupling agent on flammability properties of ABS nanocomposites was studied. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by TEM to examine the dispersibility of OMT and AMMO-g-RHS in ABS matrix. The flammability properties were evaluated by measuring the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values and UL-94 classes. The TEM results revealed that the ABS/OMT/AMMO-g-RHS nanocomposites were a kind of exfoliated structure. The modified silica particles and OMT were found to disperse and reside in the SAN phase of the matrix. Furthermore, OMT and modified silica could enhance flame retardant properties of ABS polymer matrix because of a synergistic effect between OMT and modified silica during the combustion of ABS nanocomposites.
Reduction of 2,7-Dimethoxynaphthalene (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of 2,7-DimethoxynaphthaleneBoris Weinstein and Allan H. FenselauCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 9, 3209–3211Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01020a509https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01020a509research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic gain control for a small portable ultrasound device (2001)

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
Reducing the Risk of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Vector Mobilization with AAV Type 5 Vectors (2009)

Current adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy vectors package a transgene flanked by the terminal repeats (TRs) of AAV type 2 (AAV2). Although these vectors are replication deficient, wild-type (wt) AAV2 prevalent in the human population could lead to replication and packaging of a type 2 TR (TR2)-flanked transgene in trans during superinfection by a helper virus, leading to "mobilization" of the vector genome from treated cells. More importantly, it appears likely that the majority of currently characterized AAV serotypes as well as the majority of new novel isolates are capable of rescuing and replicating AAV2 vector templates. To investigate this possibility, we flanked a green fluorescent protein transgene with type 2 and, the most divergent AAV serotype, type 5 TRs (TR2 or TR5). Consistent with AAV clades, AAV5 specifically replicated TR5 vectors, while AAV2 and AAV6 replicated TR2-flanked vectors. To exploit this specificity, we created a TR5 vector production system for Cap1 to Cap5. Next, we showed that persisting recombinant AAV genomes flanked by TR2s or TR5s were mobilized in vitro after addition of the cognate AAV Rep (as well as Rep6 for TR2) and adenoviral helper. Finally, we showed that a cell line containing a stably integrated wt AAV2 genome resulted in mobilization of a TR2-flanked vector but not a TR5-flanked vector upon adenoviral superinfection. Based on these data and the relative prevalence of wt AAV serotypes in the population, we propose that TR5 vectors have a significantly lower risk of mobilization and should be considered for clinical use.