gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of novel hydrogels based on modified cellulosics and methacrylamide for separation of metal ions from water systems (2002)

Abstract Interpenetrating networks (IPNs) based on extracted cellulose and its derivatives such as hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), cyanoethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydrazinodeoxycellulose, cellulosephosphate with methacrylamide (MAAm), and N , N ‐methylene bisacrylamide were synthesized at reaction conditions evaluated for optimum network yield as a function of irradiation dose, concentrations of monomer and crosslinker, and amount of water. These networks were used in sorption of Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Cr 6+ ions. The networks were further functionlized by means of partial hydrolysis with 0.5 N NaOH and metal ion sorption studies were carried out. Appreciable amount of all the three ions was sorbed and partial functionalization of the hydrogels results in selectivity in ion sorption with enhanced affinity for Fe 2+ ions and total rejection of Cr 6+ ions. These results are of interest for the development of low‐cost technologies based on smart hydrogels. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 667–671, 2002
Dopant interactions in high-power laser fibers (2005)

Rare earth doped silica based fiber lasers and amplifiers with very high output power and excellent beam quality are efficient devices for a variety of applications in industry, science and medicine. During the last years, important progress was possible by new design concepts but also by carefully tailoring the material properties. Aspects of material and technology development concerning the interaction of different dopants and co-dopants will be discussed in the following. Our discussion concentrates on the optical properties of the laser fiber as refractive index, absorption and emission of the rare earths and especially on phenomena concerning the background loss of the fibers. We have found a strong rare earth specific loss component which remarkably depends on the kind and the ratio of the co-dopants. The relations of this background loss to material composition and fabrication technology are demonstrated and discussed on an empirical base.
High‐Affinity Monoclonal T‐Cell Receptor (mTCR) Fusions (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction: The T Cell Receptor (TCR) as a Targeting Molecule Engineered High-Affinity Monoclonal TCRs (mTCR) mTCR-Based Fusion Proteins for Therapeutic Applications Immune-Mobilizing Monoclonal TCRs Against Cancer (ImmTAC) Conclusions and Future Perspectives Acknowledgments References
2D Image-To-3D Model: Knowledge-Based 3D Building Reconstruction (3DBR) Using Single Aerial Images and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) (2019)

In this study, a deep learning (DL)-based approach is proposed for the detection and reconstruction of buildings from a single aerial image. The pre-required knowledge to reconstruct the 3D shapes of buildings, including the height data as well as the linear elements of individual roofs, is derived from the RGB image using an optimized multi-scale convolutional–deconvolutional network (MSCDN). The proposed network is composed of two feature extraction levels to first predict the coarse features, and then automatically refine them. The predicted features include the normalized digital surface models (nDSMs) and linear elements of roofs in three classes of eave, ridge, and hip lines. Then, the prismatic models of buildings are generated by analyzing the eave lines. The parametric models of individual roofs are also reconstructed using the predicted ridge and hip lines. The experiments show that, even in the presence of noises in height values, the proposed method performs well on 3D reconstruction of buildings with different shapes and complexities. The average root mean square error (RMSE) and normalized median absolute deviation (NMAD) metrics are about 3.43 m and 1.13 m, respectively for the predicted nDSM. Moreover, the quality of the extracted linear elements is about 91.31% and 83.69% for the Potsdam and Zeebrugge test data, respectively. Unlike the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed approach does not need any additional or auxiliary data and employs a single image to reconstruct the 3D models of buildings with the competitive precision of about 1.2 m and 0.8 m for the horizontal and vertical RMSEs over the Potsdam data and about 3.9 m and 2.4 m over the Zeebrugge test data.
Multifrequency Eddy Current Inspection with Continuous Wave Methods (1979)

This paper describes the application of continuous wave, rnultifrequency eddy current methods to nondestructive inspection of materials. A generalized description of the technology is included, follow-~d by s~me ~esults o~t~ined in_mul~i~requency_examination of tubing. A major advantage of multifrequency ~nspect1on 1s the a~1~1ty to d1scr1m1nate aga1nst unwanted test parameters. The discrimination process 1s effected by comb1n1ng the data from individual frequencies in a manner similar to simultaneous solu-tion of multiple equations. r~ultifrequency tests are described showing how discrimination has been achieved against parameters such as probe motion, tube support plates and magnetic surface deposits.
Ho3+ to Yb3+ back transfer and thermal quenching of upconversion green emission in fluoride crystals (1993)

Energy transfer from Ho3+ to Yb3+ has been demonstrated in fluoride crystals such as KYF4, BaY2F8, and LiYF4. This transfer was found to occur above a certain temperature and its efficiency increases with temperature. It accounts for the thermal quenching of green emission from upconverted Ho3+ and partly explains the failure, to date, to obtain room temperature, Yb3+ sensitized Ho3+ upconversion lasers in these three hosts. Low Yb3+ concentration is suggested for future attempts to achieve room temperature Yb3+, Ho3+ upconversion green laser operation of these crystals.
原子能时代的人类的未来 (1959)

在全国大跃进的鼓舞下,科学工作者越来越多地考虑着,几年、十几年、几十年以后的科学將发展到什么样的高度以及如何发展的问題. 这种考虑是有益的,它可以引导我們树立起远大的科学理想,它可以帮助我們制定出有远見的科学規划. 我們这里发表的就是十几位科学工作者的理想或目标. 这些理想和目标,有的近期就可能实現,有的將要在比较远的將来才有可能办到,有些想法也可能是近乎科学幻想的. 但是,它們都可以启发我們的思想. 本刊今后准备继续发表这类文章,希望科学工作者大胆提出自己的设想,写出文章寄給我們.
A CD34+ human cell line model of myeloid dendritic cell differentiation: evidence for a CD14+CD11b+ Langerhans cell precursor (2006)

The study of early events in dendritic cell (DC) differentiation is hampered by the lack of homogeneous primary cell systems that allow the study of cytokine-driven, transitional DC differentiation steps. The CD34(+) acute myeloid leukemia cell line MUTZ-3 displays a unique ability to differentiate into interstitial DC (IDC) and Langerhans cells (LC) in a cytokine-dependent manner. Phenotypic characterization revealed MUTZ-3 to consist of three distinct subpopulations. Small CD34(+)CD14(-)CD11b(-) progenitors constitute the proliferative compartment of the cell line with the ability to differentiate through a CD34(-)CD14(-)CD11b(+) stage to ultimately give rise to a morphologically large, nonproliferating CD14(+)CD11b(hi) progeny. These CD14(+)CD11b(hi) cells were identified as common, immediate myeloid DC precursors with the ability to differentiate into LC and IDC, exhibiting characteristic and mutually exclusive expression of Langerin and DC-specific ICAM-grabbing nonintegrin, respectively. The identity of the MUTZ-3-derived LC subset was confirmed further by the presence of Birbeck granules. We conclude that the MUTZ-3 cell line provides a ready and continuous supply of common myeloid precursors, which should facilitate further study of the ontogeny of myeloid DC lineages.
Tunable synthesis and in situ growth of silicon-carbon mesostructures using impermeable plasma (2013)

In recent years, plasma-assisted synthesis has been extensively used in large scale production of functional nano- and micro-scale materials for numerous applications in optoelectronics, photonics, plasmonics, magnetism and drug delivery, however systematic formation of these minuscule structures has remained a challenge. Here we demonstrate a new method to closely manipulate mesostructures in terms of size, composition and morphology by controlling permeability at the boundaries of an impermeable plasma surrounded by a blanket of neutrals. In situ and rapid growth of thin films in the core region due to ion screening is among other benefits of our method. Similarly we can take advantage of exceptional properties of plasma to control the morphology of the as deposited nanostructures. Probing the plasma at boundaries by means of observing the nanostructures, further provides interesting insights into the behaviour of gas-insulated plasmas with possible implications on efficacy of viscous heating and non-magnetic confinement.
Evidence for the Presence of Two Amino-Terminal Isoforms of Neurofibromin, a Gene Product Responsible for Neurofibromatosis Type 1. (1995)

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant disorder, primarily affecting cells of neural crest origin, and is characterized by café-au-lait skin spots, multiple neurofibromas, and higher incidence of malignancy. A gene linked to NF1 encodes neurofibromin, an established function of which is to stimulate intrinsic GTPase activity of ras protein. The neurofibromin gene gives rise to multiple transcripts generated by alternative splicing, that encode various neurofibromin isoforms. In this study, we have cloned a cDNA encoding a newly identified species of a putative amino-terminal isoform which lacks a large portion of neurofibromin, including the domain related to GTPase-activating protein. This clone carries the insert of 2.7 kb, coding for a protein of 593 amino acid residues, tentatively termed N-isoform 11, whose amino-terminal 574 residues are identical to those of authentic neurofibromin encoded by the eleven exons located at the 5' portion of the gene. Previously, we cloned a cDNA coding for a similar isoform of 551 amino acid residues, termed N-isoform 10, whose amino-terminal portion is encoded by the first ten exons. The molecular weights of these two deduced N-isoforms are consistent with the values determined by in vitro translation of the mRNA transcribed from each N-isoform cDNA. The presence of the amino-terminal isoform(s) suggests the physiological significance of the amino-terminal portion of neurofibromin.
Gastric Bypass Operation for Obesity (1998)

Gastric bypass is considered by many to be the gold standard for surgical treatment of obesity. Gastric bypass was a natural evolution from gastric operations that were used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Gastric bypass, first described in 1967, has undergone many modifications. It presently exists as a hybrid operation. Gastric bypass operation has been extensively scrutinized and evaluated against other operations for the treatment of obesity. Co-morbidities due to severe obesity are usually ameliorated or arrested after the weight loss from gastric bypass. Gastric bypass operation is now being performed with a perioperative morbidity of less than 10%. The average percentage excess weight loss with gastric bypass is 70%. The success rate, defined as 50% excess weight loss after at least 2 years of follow-up, is 85%. The metabolic deficiencies of gastric bypass are controllable with supplemental intake. This report with special references to the Fobi pouch operation, a modification of gastric bypass done by the author, presents the evolution, modifications, risk, outcome, and future trends of gastric bypass for treatment of obesity.
The Role of <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE PET in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors and Negative or Equivocal Findings on <sup>111</sup>In-DTPA-Octreotide Scintigraphy (2010)

In patients with negative or equivocal (111)In-DTPA-octreotide findings, (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET identifies additional lesions and may alter management in most cases.
Decision tree learning on very large data sets (2002)

Consider a labeled data set of 1 terabyte in size. A salient subset might depend upon the users interests. Clearly, browsing such a large data set to find interesting areas would be very time consuming. An intelligent agent which, for a given class of user, could provide hints on areas of the data that might interest the user would be very useful. Given large data sets having categories of salience for different user classes attached to the data in them, these labeled sets of data can be used to train a decision tree to label unseen data examples with a category of salience. The training set will be much larger than usual. This paper describes an approach to generating the rules for an agent from a large training set. A set of decision trees are built in parallel on tractable size training data sets which are a subset of the original data. Each learned decision tree will be reduced to a set of rules, conflicting rules resolved and the resultant rules merged into one set. Results from cross validation experiments on a data set suggest this approach may be effectively applied to large sets of data.
Redox mechanism of levobupivacaine cytostatic effect on human prostate cancer cells (2018)

Anti-cancer effects of local anesthetics have been reported but the mode of action remains elusive. Here, we examined the bioenergetic and REDOX impact of levobupivacaine on human prostate cancer cells (DU145) and corresponding non-cancer primary human prostate cells (BHP). Levobupivacaine induced a combined inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells, resulting in a reduced cellular ATP production and consecutive bioenergetic crisis, along with reactive oxygen species generation. The dose-dependent inhibition of respiratory chain complex I activity by levobupivacaine explained the alteration of mitochondrial energy fluxes. Furthermore, the potency of levobupivacaine varied with glucose and oxygen availability as well as the cellular energy demand, in accordance with a bioenergetic anti-cancer mechanism. The levobupivacaine-induced bioenergetic crisis triggered cytostasis in prostate cancer cells as evidenced by a S-phase cell cycle arrest, without apoptosis induction. In DU145 cells, levobupivacaine also triggered the induction of autophagy and blockade of this process potentialized the anti-cancer effect of the local anesthetic. Therefore, our findings provide a better characterization of the REDOX mechanisms underpinning the anti-effect of levobupivacaine against human prostate cancer cells.
Chronic widespread pain and the fibromyalgia construct (1999)

(1) insertion o f nuchal m uscles into occ iput; (2) upper border o f trapezius-m id-portion; (3) m uscle a ttachm ents to upper m edial borde r o f scapula; (4) anterior aspects o f the C 5, C7 intertra nsv erse space s; (5) 2nd rib spa ce- about 3 cm lateral to the sternal border; (6) m uscle a ttachm ents to lateral epicondyle; (7) upper outer quadrant o f g lu te al m uscles; (8) m uscle a ttachm ents just posterior to greater trochanter; (9) m edia l fat pad of knee proxim a l to jo in t line. American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria
Physiology of Desiccation-Sensitive (Recalcitrant) Seeds and the Implications for Cryopreservation (2013)

Desiccation-tolerant (orthodox) seeds can survive in the dry state for considerable periods and so can be stored successfully at low water content and subzero temperatures. Orthodox seeds possess a variety of protective processes and mechanisms that confer desiccation tolerance, important among them being metabolic shutdown and intracellular dedifferentiation. In contrast, desiccation-sensitive (recalcitrant) seeds cannot tolerate water loss and so cannot be stored using conventional seed bank conditions. Particularly with respect to storage, recalcitrant seeds do not undergo intracellular dedifferentiation nor any significant metabolic shutdown. Embryos of recalcitrant seeds remain metabolically active, with little or no reduction in extent of the extensive intracellular membranes. At the water content at which they are shed, with the ongoing metabolism in recalcitrant seeds, developmental phenomena grade imperceptibly into those associated with germination. Thus, recalcitrant seeds can be stored intact only until germination is initiated, which can range from a few days to several months, depending on species. Mild drying to inhibit germination in storage (subimbibed storage) leads to more rapid loss of viability. The only feasible method for long-term storage of germplasm of recalcitrant-seeded species is cryopreservation, but this requires partial drying to prevent ice crystal damage. However, the response to drying depends on the drying rate: slow drying induces viability loss at high water contents, whereas material dried rapidly can survive (in the short term) to water contents low enough to permit vitrification of the remaining intracellular water rather than the formation of ice crystals, if cooling rates are rapid enough. Recalcitrant seeds are almost invariably too large to permit the rates of drying and cooling required for vitrification, and so excised embryonic axes are generally the explants of choice. This review highlights how the physiology of recalcitrant seeds impacts on attempts to cryopreserve the excised embryonic axes/embryos.
IMS Application Servers: Roles, Requirements, and Implementation Technologies (2008)

The IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) defines a generic architecture to support communication services over a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) infrastructure. In the IMS architecture, application servers host and execute the IMS service logic. These servers can be SIP application servers, open services architecture (OSA) application servers, or a customized applications for mobile networks using enhanced logic (Camel) service environment. Some technologies used in telephony and voice-over-IP (VoIP) application servers are also applicable to IMS application servers, but such servers have some unique requirements that could limit the extent to which these technologies can meet them.
Developmental impairments of select neurotransmitter systems in brains of <i>Cln3</i><sup>Δ<i>ex7/8</i></sup> knock‐in mice, an animal model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (2008)

The neuronal ceroidlipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders and are the most common lysosomal storage diseases of infancy and childhood. Juvenile NCL is caused by CLN3 mutation, producing retinal degeneration, uncontrollable seizures, cognitive and motor decline, and early death before the age of 30 years. To study the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease, Cln3 knock-in mice (Cln3(Deltaex7/8)) have been generated, which reproduce the 1.02-kb deletion in the CLN3 gene observed in more than 85% of juvenile NCL patients. To characterize the impact of the common Cln3 mutation on development of autofluorescent storage material, gliosis, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and transmitter receptors during postnatal brain maturation, brain tissue of Cln3(Deltaex7/8) mice at the ages of 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 19 months was subjected to immunocytochemistry to label gliotic markers and nitric oxide synthases; photometric assays to assess enzyme activities of glycolysis and antioxidative defense systems; and level of reactive nitrogen species as well as quantitative receptor autoradiography to detect select cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic receptor subtypes. The developmental increase in cerebral cortical autofluorescent lipofuscin-like deposition is accompanied by a significant astro- and microgliosis, increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase, decreased level of glutathione peroxidase, enhanced amount of reactive nitrogen species, and lowered binding levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate- and M1-muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in select brain regions but hardly in GABA(A) receptor sites compared with wild-type mice. Detailed elucidation of the sequence of pathological events during postnatal development highlights new potential strategies for symptomatic treatment of the disease.
Structural decomposition and statistical description of Farsi/Arabic handwritten numeric characters (2005)

A statistical method embedded with statistical features is proposed for Farsi/Arabic handwritten zip code recognition in this paper. The numeral is first smoothed and the skeleton is obtained. A set of feature points are then detected and the skeleton is decomposed into primitives. A primitive code includes the information of each primitive and a global code is derived from the primitive codes to describe the topological structure of the skeleton. By using the average and variance of X and Y changes in each primitive, the direction and curvature of the skeleton can be statistically described. Since the global codes have different lengths, we applied PCA algorithm to normalize their lengths. Thanks to statistically description of the skeleton, we can use the nearest neighbor classifier for recognition. According to experimental results, classification rate of 94.44% is obtained for numerals on the test sets gathered from various people with different educational background and different ages. Our database includes 480 samples per digit. We used 280 samples of each digit for training and the rest [200] for test.
BCL-2 expression delays drug-induced apoptosis but does not increase clonogenic survival after drug treatment in HeLa cells. (1995)

Apoptosis is a major form of cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. Overexpression of the proto-oncogene bcl-2 can prevent apoptosis in various types of cells. We have constructed a HeLa S3 cell line in which the expression of bcl-2 can be controlled by the concentration of tetracycline in the medium. Using this system, we show that apoptosis induced by various cytostatic treatments could be delayed by the overexpression of bcl-2, as assayed by vital dye exclusion, apoptotic nuclei morphology, DNA histogram shift, and DNA fragmentation. Quantitative analysis revealed a hyperbolic curve when protection from apoptosis was plotted against the amount of Bcl-2. When cells were treated with aphidicolin for 12, 24, or 36 h and then replated in fresh media to assay for colony formation, the majority of cells that did not show apoptotic morphology at the time of drug removal failed to form colonies. Furthermore, Bcl-2 did not increase colony formation after 12-36 h of aphidicolin treatment. Therefore, with aphidicolin treatment, cells were committed to the death program upstream of the point of Bcl-2 action.
Relevance and reinforcement in interactive browsing (2000)

Article Relevance and reinforcement in interactive browsing Share on Author: Anton Leuski Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '00: Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Information and knowledge managementNovember 2000 Pages 119–126https://doi.org/10.1145/354756.354809Published:06 November 2000 8citation455DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations8Total Downloads455Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access