gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of peracetic acid and UV irradiation on the inactivation of coliphages in wastewater (1997)

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of peracetic acid (PAA) on the inactivation of bacteriophages in wastewater. The possibility of utilising a shorter contact time by combining the treatment by PAA and UV irradiation was also investigated. The phages added in wastewater were exposed to UV irradiation and different concentrations of PAA. The treatment was followed by 15min with PAA and 60min with UV. In the combined treatment, PAA was first added to the wastewater and samples taken after 5 and 10min. Then UV irradiation was applied and samples taken after 1 and 2.5min. The inactivation of the DNA- and RNA-phages by UV irradiation alone for 2.5min was more than 5 log10 and more than 3 log10 units respectively. Peracetic acid inactivated the DNA-phage more than 6 log10 units and RNA-phage about 4 log10 units in 1h contact time. The same inactivation was achieved in 12.5min by PAA and UV together as by PAA alone in 1h. The turbidity of the water decreased the inactivation to some degree. The DNA-phage was clearly more sensitive to both UV irradiation and PAA than the RNA-phage.
Design and production of bicolour reflecting coatings with Au metal island films (2011)

Optical properties of metal island films (MIFs) can be combined with interference of dielectric coatings. A set of multilayer designs containing metal clusters reflecting different colours from front and back side of the coating was obtained by numerical optimization. The chosen designs presenting the range of feasible colours were deposited by electron beam evaporation. Spectrophotometric and ellipsometric measurements verified that the produced coatings present an excellent agreement with the optical performance calculated from the designs. Numerical optimization was verified as a useful method in designing of coatings containing MIFs. This approach can ease the implementation of metal clusters into multilayer designs and broaden the applications of MIFs.
Self-Constructing Neural Network Modeling and Control of an AGV (2013)

Tracking precision of pre-planned trajectories is essential for an auto-guided vehicle (AGV). The purpose of this paper is to design a self-constructing wavelet neural network (SCWNN) method for dynamical modeling and control of a 2-DOF AGV. In control systems of AGVs, kinematical models have been preferred in recent research documents. However, in this paper, to enhance the trajectory tracking performance through including the AGV’s inertial effects in the control system, a learned dynamical model is replaced to the kinematical kind. As the base of a control system, the mathematical models are not preferred due to modeling uncertainties and exogenous inputs. Therefore, adaptive dynamic and control models of AGV are proposed using a four-layer SCWNN system comprising of the input, wavelet, product, and output layers. By use of the SCWNN, a robust controller against uncertainties is developed, which yields the perfect convergence of AGV to reference trajectories. Owing to the adaptive structure, the number of nodes in the layers is adjusted in online and thus the computational burden of the neural network methods is decreased. Using software simulations, the tracking performance of the proposed control system is assessed.
InGaAsP closely spaced dual wavelength laser (1986)

The fabrication and performance characteristics of an independently controllable closely spaced dual wavelength laser structure are described. The laser structure utilizes semi-insulating (Fe-doped InP) layers both for confinement of the current to the active regions and for separation of the active regions of the two lasers. Both lasers emit in single frequencies near 1.55 μm by virtue of frequency selective feedback provided by a second order grating. The light coupled into a single mode fiber from both lasers is about 5 dB smaller than that for optimum coupling arrangement of each laser. Dual wavelength laser structures of this type are useful for wavelength multiplexed optical transmission systems.
Capillary‐zone electrophoresis with fraction collection for desorption mass spectrometry (1990)

Abstract A simple method for off‐line coupling of desorption mass spectrometry and capillary‐zone electrophoresis (CZE) is described. Use of a “porous glass joint”, near the cathodic end of the CZE column, facilitates fraction collection in a manner similar to that used with liquid chromatography. This method allows independent optimization of both the CZE and mass spectrometry parts of the experiment. It is directly applicable to a number of desorption mass spectrometry methods (including plasma desorption (PD) and UV laser desorption (LD)). In the present study, PD mass spectrometry was used for eluant characterization. The fraction collection procedure is described, as is mass transfer through the porous glass joint. Detection limits are discussed and the approach is illustrated by analysis of a simple mixture of bradykinin derivatives. Finally, a brief comparison to current on‐line CZE/mass spectrometric methods is presented.
TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY OF WATER CONTENT IN PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE (1997)

Time-domain reflectometry is useful for measuring the moisture content of solids. However, little information exists on its use with portland cement concrete. By monitoring the response from TDR sensors embedded in concrete as the concrete dried, the authors developed a second-order polynomial equation that relates dielectric constant to moisture content. The study is valid for the specific concrete studied.
The Epidemiology of Diagnosed Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis in the Elderly (1994)

Pulmonary embolism and DVT are common problems in the elderly. Both increase with age, but the effects of race and sex are small. Current treatment patterns appear to be effective in preventing both PE after DVT and recurrence of PE. Both are associated with substantial 1-year mortality, suggesting the need to understand the role of associated conditions as well as the indications for prophylaxis and the methods of treatment.
Site-Specific Delivery of Oligonucleotides to Hepatocytes after Systemic Administration (2007)

We previously complexed ODN with galactosylated poly( l-lysine) (Gal-PLL) to enhance its site-specific delivery to hepatocytes. To avoid the use of polycations, in this study we conjugated galactosylated poly(ethylene glycol) (Gal-PEG (MW of PEG: 3486 +/- 500 Da)) to ODN via an acid-labile ester linkage of beta-thiopropionate. Following tail vein injection into rats, Gal-PEG- 33P-ODN rapidly cleared from the circulation and 60.2% of the injected dose accumulated in the liver at 30 min postinjection, which was significantly higher than that deposited after injection of 33P-ODNs. The plasma concentration versus time profile of Gal-PEG- 33P-ODN was biphasic, with 4.38 +/- 0.36 min as t1/2 of distribution and 118.61 +/- 22.06 min as t1/2 of elimination. Prior administration of excess Gal-BSA decreased the hepatic uptake of Gal-PEG- 33P-ODN from 60.2% to 35.9%, suggesting galactose triggers the asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated endocytosis of Gal-PEG- 33P-ODN by hepatocytes. A large proportion of the injected Gal-PEG- 33P-ODN was taken up by the hepatocytes as evidenced by determination of radioactivity in the digested liver cells upon liver perfusion and separation by centrifugation on a Nycodenz gradient. In conclusion, Gal-PEG-ODN conjugate may be used for treating a variety of liver diseases.
Handbook of Life Stress, Cognition and Health (1988)

A comprehensive and authoritative review of experience, theory and management/therapy of the stresses associated with life events (psychological and physical well being). Models of stress and illness based on sociological, psychological and psychobiological principles are described and there is a development of the links with intervention and therapy. Unlike other books on the subject, this volume combines specific work-associated stresses with research on cognitive factors, in order to predict reaction - addressing the question of why some people become ill or mentally disturbed, and why others do not. This book will be essential reading for researchers, students and practitioners in cognitive psychology, health psychology, behavioural and social medicine - and all those who come in contact with people experiencing stressful life events.
A Combined Ligand‐ and Structure‐Based Virtual Screening Protocol Identifies Submicromolar PPARγ Partial Agonists (2010)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is involved in expression of genes that control glucose and lipid metabolism. PPARγ is the molecular target of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of antidiabetic drugs. However, despite their clinical use these drugs are associated with numerous adverse effects, which are related to their full activation of PPARγ transcriptional responses. PPARγ partial agonists are the focus of development efforts towards second-generation PPARγ modulators with favorable pharmacology, potent insulin sensitization without the severe full agonists' adverse effects. In order to identify novel PPARγ partial agonist lead compounds, we developed a virtual screening protocol based on three-dimensional ligand-shape similarity and docking. Prioritization gave 235 compounds for experimental screening from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository (MLSMR)-a chemical library containing 340 000 compounds. Seven novel potent partial agonists were confirmed in cell-based transactivation and competitive binding assays. Our results illustrate a well-designed virtual screening campaign successfully identifying novel lead compounds as potential entry points for the development of antidiabetic drugs.
Rapid flow cytometric bacterial detection and determination of susceptibility to amikacin in body fluids and exudates (1989)

A flow cytometry-based method for rapid and quantitative detection of bacteria in various clinical specimens and for rapid determination of antibiotic effect is described. Achieving such a measurement with high sensitivity required discrimination between bacteria and other particles which were often present in clinical samples in high concentrations. This discrimination was facilitated by detecting the bacterial characteristic light scatter and fluorescence signals following staining, e.g., with the fluorescent nucleic acid-binding dye ethidium bromide, as well as by measuring bacterial proliferation during short time intervals. Antibiotic susceptibility was measured by observing the inhibition of such proliferation. The method was applied to 43 clinical specimens from various sources, such as wound exudates, bile, serous cavity fluids, and bronchial lavage. Bacterial detection, achieved in less than 2 h, agreed with results of conventional methods with a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 88%. Susceptibility to amikacin was detected in 1 h in 92% of 13 positive specimens.
Optical Waveguiding in Polyimide (1986)

Planar optical waveguides were fabricated on glass and fused silica substrates using soluble polyimides. With "as dried" samples total loss values of 0.3 dB/cm were obtained. Evaporation of solvents can be done without affecting the loss values significantly. The influence of curing procedures on the optical properties of the polymer films is discussed. For the low temperature region (< 100°C) a method of producing refractive index patterns within the polymer film via UV lithography is introduced. Finally planar polyimide light-guides on a ceramic substrate with silicone as a cladding layer were demonstrated, with loss values < 1.3 dB/cm.
Precision spherical luneberg lenses for microwave antennas (1967)

The microwave antenna art has borrowed many of its techniques from optics, particularly in its use of reflectors and lenses for collimating microwave radiation into directive beams. Many optical principles are equally practical in both the microwave and the optical regions of the spectrum.
Modified Tape Casting Method for Ceramic Joining: Application to Joining of Silicon Carbide (1990)

A simple modified tape casting procedure has been developed for application to ceramic joining when the joining materials are in powder form. The method involves preparation of a slurry from the powder, solvent, and thermoplastic binder, and then casting directly onto the joining surface using a moving doctor blade. Handling of the tape prior to joining is not necessary: therefore, binder content is minimized, plasticizers are not required, and viscosity is controlled by solvent content. The utility of this technique for producing joints with thin, uniform interlayers is demonstrated for silicon carbide materials joined with TiC + Ni and SiC + Si.
A phase scanned AEW radar antenna (1990)

A large S-band electronically scanned phased array antenna is described. It consists of two 8-m*0.6-m radiating apertures on each side of a slim boxlike structure housing about 200 air-cooled solid-state T/R (transmit/receive) modules for amplitude and phase control. This unit will be used in a low-cost, high-performance AEW (airborne early warning) radar system carried by a small aircraft. The following minimum antenna performance must be met: scanned region, +or-60 degrees (azimuth on both sides); elevation coverage, <10 degrees ; sidelobe level, below isotropic; gain, 35 dB; beamwidth, 1 degrees (azimuth); and element VSWR (voltage standing-wave ratio), 2:1. Measurements have been made on individual panels and pairs of panels with a fixed corporate feed and also with mechanically adjustable phase shifters and attenuators. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by theoretical analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Insulin stimulation of glucose uptake and the transmembrane potential of muscle cells in culture (1986)

The membrane potential of L6 muscle cells was measured with the fluorescent dye bis-oxonol. Hyperpolarizations of up to 15 mV were caused by gramicidin (in N-methyl-D-glucamine+ medium), or by monensin or ionomycin. Depolarization was achieved with gramicidin (in Na+ medium), or with K+. Insulin did not change the resting membrane potential of -70 mV, yet it effectively stimulated 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake. Conditions that hyperpolarize the cells did not alter the basal rate of hexose uptake. Moreover, insulin was still capable of stimulating hexose uptake in depolarized cells. It is concluded that modulation of the membrane potential is probably not a signalling event in insulin stimulation of hexose uptake.
The combination of tibial anterior translation and axial rotation into a single biomechanical factor improves the prediction of patient satisfaction over each factor alone in patients with ACL reconstructed knees (2017)

Joint Play Envelope is an objective measure that demonstrated improved predictive value as compared to other tests when used as a measure of satisfaction in patients with ACL reconstructed knees.
Fine structure analyses of the<i>Drosophila</i>and<i>Saccharomyces</i>heat shock factor - heat shock element interactions (1994)

Heat shock genes are activated by the binding of the heat shock transcription factor (HSF) to heat shock elements (HSEs), consisting of arrays of the 5-bp unit NGAAN arranged as inverted repeats. Here, we have investigated the interaction of the 5-bp unit with HSFs of Drosophila and Saccharomyces. Mutations within the conserved, central trinucleotide GAA reduce the relative binding affinity of both HSFs. In addition, the base at position 1 (N1) also influences binding, with a strong preference for an A at this position. Methylation interference initially indicated that HSF contacts A1 in the minor groove, but interacts with the immediately adjacent base G2 in the major groove. Further characterization of this apparently abrupt minor to major groove transition by substitution of A1 with an inosine, shows that HSF contacts A1 in the major groove. We offer an explanation for this apparent contradiction and propose that HSF recognizes the HSE primarily through contacts within the major groove of the DNA helix. Finally, based on these observations and a re-evaluation of the base frequencies and criteria for consensus sequence assignment, we propose that the sequence AGAAN more accurately represents the consensus HSE motif.
Nucleotide sequence of the 18S ribosomal RNA genes from the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyta) (1992)

No abstract available.
Environmental fate of selected phosphate esters (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnvironmental fate of selected phosphate estersVictor W. Saeger, Orville Hicks, Robert G. Kaley, Paul R. Michael, James P. Mieure, and E. Scott TuckerCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1979, 13, 7, 840–844Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/es60155a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views765Altmetric-Citations121LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (587 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Differentiation of Bean-Infecting Geminiviruses by Nucleic Acid Hybridization Probes and Aspects of Bean Golden Mosaic in Brazil (1991)

A bean golden mosaic geminiviral isolate from Goiania, Goiás, Brazil (BGMV-BZ), was determined to be transmitted by whiteflies and induced golden mosaic symptoms and diagnostic geminiviral inclusion bodies and ultrastructural abnormalities in infected bean leaves. In contrast to BGMV isolates from Central America and the Caribbean, BGMV-BZ could not be sap-transmitted to beans. Cloned geminiviral DNA components were used as DNA probes for the rapid and specific detection of BGMV-BZ and three sap-transmissible bean-infecting geminiviral isolates—BGMV from Guatemala (BGMV-GA) and the Dominican Republic (BGMV-DR) and bean dwarf mosaic geminivirus from Colombia (BDMV-CO). A general DNA probe detected all four viral isolates, whereas specific probes detected BGMV-BZ, BDMV, or BGMV-GA and BGMV-DR. Nucleic acid dot and squash blot methods were used to prepare samples for hybridization, and the dot blot method was used to determine relative differences in viral nucleic acid titers in infected bean leaves. The general and specific probes were employed to study the variability of BGMV isolates and potential weed reservoirs of geminiviruses in the Dominican Republic.
Changes throughout lactation in phenotypic and genetic correlations between methane emissions and milk fatty acid contents predicted from milk mid-infrared spectra (2016)

The aim of this study was to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations between methane production (Mp) and milk fatty acid contents of first-parity Walloon Holstein cows throughout lactation. Calibration equations predicting daily Mp (g/d) and milk fatty acid contents (g/100 dL of milk) were applied on milk mid-infrared spectra related to Walloon milk recording. A total of 241,236 predictions of Mp and milk fatty acids were used. These data were collected between 5 and 305 d in milk in 33,555 first-parity Holstein cows from 626 herds. Pedigree data included 109,975 animals. Bivariate (i.e., Mp and a fatty acid trait) random regression test-day models were developed to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters of Mp and milk fatty acids. Individual short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and groups of saturated fatty acids, SCFA, and medium-chain fatty acids showed positive phenotypic and genetic correlations with Mp (from 0.10 to 0.16 and from 0.23 to 0.30 for phenotypic and genetic correlations, respectively), whereas individual long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), and groups of LCFA, monounsaturated fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acids showed null to positive phenotypic and genetic correlations with Mp (from -0.03 to 0.13 and from -0.02 to 0.32 for phenotypic and genetic correlations, respectively). However, these correlations changed throughout lactation. First, de novo individual and group fatty acids (i.e., C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, SCFA group) showed low phenotypic or genetic correlations (or both) in early lactation and higher at the end of lactation. In contrast, phenotypic and genetic correlations between Mp and C16:0, which could be de novo synthetized or derived from blood lipids, were more stable during lactation. This fatty acid is the most abundant fatty acid of the saturated fatty acid and medium-chain fatty acid groups of which correlations with Mp showed the same pattern across lactation. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between Mp and C17:0 and C18:0 were low in early lactation and increased afterward. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between Mp and C18:1 cis-9 originating from the blood lipids were negative in early lactation and increased afterward to become null from 18 wk until the end of lactation. Correlations between Mp and groups of LCFA, monounsaturated fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acids showed a similar or intermediate pattern across lactation compared with fatty acids that compose them. Finally, these results indicate that correlations between Mp and milk fatty acids vary following lactation stage of the cow, a fact still often ignored when trying to predict Mp from milk fatty acid profile.
Analysis of cross-species IgG binding to human and mouse Fcgamma receptors (FcγRs) (138.29) (2010)

Abstract Monoclonal antibodies from various species are in therapeutic and diagnostic use and are used extensively in cell depletion studies in rodents. Therefore, in the present investigation the cross-species IgG binding to FcγRs were performed using recombinant dimeric soluble form of human and mouse FcγRs. We observed that human CD16A was able to bind to rabbit IgG better than human CD32AH and CD32AR. The binding specificity is hCD16&gt;hCD32AH&gt;&gt;hCD32R. Both hCD32A alleles were able to bind mouse and rat IgG subtypes, whereas hCD16 binds weakly. hCD32AR binds mouse IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b but not IgG3 (IgG1&gt;&gt;IgG2a≥IgG2b) whereas CD32AH binds IgG2a and IgG2b (IgG2a≥IgG2b) only not IgG1 and IgG3. With rat IgG subtypes, hCD32AR binds IgG1&gt;IgG2a&gt;&gt;IgG2b and hCD32AH binds IgG1&gt;IgG2b&gt;IgG2a whereas neither hCD32A alleles bound to IgG2c. We observed that hCD32AR allele binds stronger than hCD32AH to rat IgG. With human IgG subtypes, both hCD16A and hCD32AR binds IgG3&gt;IgG1&gt;&gt;&gt;IgG2≥IgG4, whereas hCD32AH binds IgG3&gt;IgG1&gt;IgG2&gt;&gt;&gt;IgG4. We have also characterized binding specificity of mouse FcγRs (mCD16A, mCD32B and mFcRIV) to rabbit and mouse IgGs. All three mFcγRs binds to rabbit IgG. For mouse IgG subtypes, mCD16A binds IgG2b&gt;IgG2a≥IgG1, mCD32B binds IgG1≥IgG2b&gt;IgG2a, whereas FcRIV binds IgG2a≥IgG2b only, none of the mFcγR bound to mIgG3. In conclusion, cross-species FcγR binding to different IgGs must be taken into consideration when IgG based therapeutics and diagnostics are evaluated in rodents.