gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enterprise Networking: Fractional T1 to SONET, Frame Relay to BISDN (1992)

Digital transmission technology in corporate networks point-to-point DS1/T1 systems point-to-point fractional DS1/T1 systems channel banks and digital crossconnect systems multiplexers central office-based multiplexing point-to-point DS3/T3 systems SONET systems ISDN and BISDN technologies and services frame relay technology and services switched multimegabit data service.
Software defined traffic measurement with OpenSketch (2013)

Most network management tasks in software-defined networks (SDN) involve two stages: measurement and control. While many efforts have been focused on network control APIs for SDN, little attention goes into measurement. The key challenge of designing a new measurement API is to strike a careful balance between generality (supporting a wide variety of measurement tasks) and efficiency (enabling high link speed and low cost). We propose a software defined traffic measurement architecture OpenSketch, which separates the measurement data plane from the control plane. In the data plane, OpenSketch provides a simple three-stage pipeline (hashing, filtering, and counting), which can be implemented with commodity switch components and support many measurement tasks. In the control plane, OpenSketch provides a measurement library that automatically configures the pipeline and allocates resources for different measurement tasks. Our evaluations of realworld packet traces, our prototype on NetFPGA, and the implementation of five measurement tasks on top of OpenSketch, demonstrate that OpenSketch is general, efficient and easily programmable. 1
Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia with Nesidioblastosis after Gastric-Bypass Surgery (2005)

We describe six patients (five women and one man; median age, 47 years; range, 39 to 54) with postprandial symptoms of neuroglycopenia owing to endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Except for equivocal evidence in one patient, there was no radiologic evidence of insulinoma. Selective arterial calcium-stimulation tests, positive in each patient, were used to guide partial pancreatectomy. Nesidioblastosis was identified in resected specimens from each patient, and multiple insulinomas were identified in one. Hypoglycemic symptoms diminished postoperatively. We speculate that hyperfunction of pancreatic islets did not lead to obesity but that beta-cell trophic factors may have increased as a result of gastric bypass.
Generating Marker-Free Transgenic Tobacco Plants by Agrobacteriummediated Transformation with Double T-DNA Binary Vector (2003)

We have developed a 揹ouble T-DNA?binary vector system for generating selectable marker-free transgenic plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 揹ouble T-DNA?binary vectorpDLBRBbarm which carried two independent T-DNAs, one containing a selectable marker neomycinphosphotransferase (nptⅡ) gene and the other a bar gene, was constructed. Transgenic tobacco (Nicotianatabacum L.) plants were then produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with this vector. Fre-quency of the primary transformants co-integrated with nptⅡ gene and bar gene was 59.2%. Segregationof two T-DNA regions was found in 3 out of 4 T1 lines from co-transformed T0 plants with nptⅡ and bar.PPT-resistant and kanamycin-sensitive plants were in approximate 19.5% of the T1 plants. The resultindicated that this 揹ouble T-DNA?vector system could be a workable approach to generate transgenicplants free from selectable marker genes. Co-transformation of nptⅡ gene and bar gene to plants withmixtures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing single T-DNA vectors was also tested. Fre-quency of co-transformed plants was 20.0%-47.7% and relatively low as compared with that of 揹ouble T-DNA?vector system.
Cisplatin Toxicology: The Role of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and GABA Transporters in Cochlear Spiral Ganglion (2019)

Our data indicate that PIC signals are activated in the spiral ganglion during cisplatin-ototoxicity which thereby leads to upregulation of GABA transporters. As a result, it is likely that de-inhibition of GABA system is enhanced in the cochlear spiral ganglion. This supports a role for PICs in engagement of the signal mechanisms associated with cisplatin-ototoxicity, and has pharmacological implications to target specific PICs for GABAergic dysfunction and vulnerability related to cisplatin-ototoxicity.
Substitutions‐ und Additionsreaktionen an silylierten Acetylenen (1963)

Abstract Bei Einwirkung on Säurehalogeniden oder ‐anhydriden auf bis‐silylierte Acetylene. wie z. B. Bis‐trimethylsilyl‐acetylen(I), wird unter Bildung on silylierten Alkinonen nur ein Silylrest durch eine Aclylgruppe substituiert. Umsetzung on I mit α‐Chlor‐alkyläthern ergibt jedoch durch Substitution beider Silylreste Bisalkoxy‐alkine. In mono‐silylierten Acetylenen, z. B. im Trimethylsilyl‐phenylacetylen, ist die Silygruppe ebenfalls gegen einen Acylrest austauschbar. Addition on Aziden wie Trimethylsilyl‐ bzw. Phenylazid an Silylacetylene führt zu silylierten 1.2.3‐Triazolen. Bei diesen erfolgt bereits durch Einwirkung von Methanol in der Kälte die Abspaltung der N‐Silygruppe, während die C‐Silylgruppe erst durch längeres Behandeln mit methanolischer Säure abgespalten wird. Der Reaktionsmechanismus bei der Entstehung der silylierten Alkinone Wird diskutiert.
Genomic sequence of a Sprague - Dawley rat β-globin gene (1988)

Journal Article Genomic sequence of a Sprague - Dawley rat β-globin gene Get access W.M. Wong, W.M. Wong Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong KongHong Kong Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar V.M.S. Lam, V.M.S. Lam Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong KongHong Kong Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L.Y.L. Cheng, L.Y.L. Cheng Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong KongHong Kong Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.W.O. Tam J.W.O. Tam * Department of Biochemistry, University of Hong KongHong Kong * To whom reprint requests should be sent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 5, 11 March 1988, Page 2342, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.5.2342 Published: 11 March 1988 Article history Received: 22 January 1988 Published: 11 March 1988
Masked polycythemia vera diagnosed according to WHO and BCSH classification (2013)

Polycythemia vera (PV) is currently diagnosed by the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria regarding hemoglobin (HB) levels and JAK2V617F and related mutations or by the British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) guidelines predominantly based on hematocrit (HCT) values (>52% in men and >48% in women) in JAK2 mutated patients. We examined clinical features at diagnosis and outcome in 397 mutated PV patients showing a bone marrow (BM) morphology conforming with the WHO descriptions but including also cases with a HB level <18.5 g/dL in males (range 16.0–18.4) and <16.5 g/dL in females (range 15.0–16.4). These patients were regarded as masked PV (mPV) comprising 140 (35%) cases of our cohort. A comparison with the BCSH criteria based on HCT levels revealed a decrease of mPV patients to 59 (15%). In both classification systems, mPV patients were more males, presented more frequently with higher platelet counts, and increased BM reticulin fibrosis. A worsening of overall survival was documented in mPV patients in comparison with overt PV following the WHO ( P = 0.011) as well as the BCSH ( P = 0.0019) criteria. Risk factors for inferior survival in mPV were age >65 years and white blood cell count >15 × 10 9 /L. Without these risk factors mPV patients had the same survival as overt PV suggesting that a fraction of patients with HB lower than that required for WHO diagnosis should still be considered as overt PV. This study has established the existence of mPV by two different classification systems based on either HB or HCT threshold values. Am. J. Hematol. 89:199–202, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EPR Spectrometer for Studying Crystals under High Hydrostatic Pressure (1964)

A spectrometer for studying the effect of hydrostatic pressure to 10 kbar on the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of crystals is described. A two-sample comparison method is used which greatly simplifies both the experimental procedure and the analysis. The pressure is purely hydrostatic, and the cavity coupling is readily adjustable from outside the pressure vessel.
On the siting of aluminium in zeolite omega (1983)

Two crystallographically non-equivalent and unequally populated tetrahedral aluminium sites are identified by magic-angle-spinning 27Al n.m.r. spectroscopy in the parent zeolite (Si/Al = 4.24 ± 0.05); after treatment with SiCl4 at 500 °C relatively mobile, 6-co-ordinated aluminium is generated (most of it released from one of the tetrahedral sites) and there is evidence for some realumination of the tetrahedral framework.
Glucose sensitivity of mouse olfactory bulb neurons is conveyed by a voltage‐gated potassium channel (2013)

The olfactory bulb has recently been proposed to serve as a metabolic sensor of internal chemistry, particularly that modified by metabolism. Because the voltage-dependent potassium channel Kv1.3 regulates a large proportion of the outward current in olfactory bulb neurons and gene-targeted deletion of the protein produces a phenotype of resistance to diet-induced obesity in mice, we hypothesized that this channel may play a role in translating energy availability into a metabolic signal. Here we explored the ability of extracellular glucose concentration to modify evoked excitability of the mitral neurons that principally regulate olfactory coding and processing of olfactory information. Using voltage-clamp electrophysiology of heterologously expressed Kv1.3 channels in HEK 293 cells, we found that Kv1.3 macroscopic currents responded to metabolically active (d-) rather than inactive (l-) glucose with a response profile that followed a bell-shaped curve. Olfactory bulb slices stimulated with varying glucose concentrations showed glucose-dependent mitral cell excitability as evaluated by current-clamp electrophysiology. While glucose could be either excitatory or inhibitory, the majority of the sampled neurons displayed a decreased firing frequency in response to elevated glucose concentration that was linked to increased latency to first spike and decreased action potential cluster length. Unlike modulation attributed to phosphorylation, glucose modulation of mitral cells was rapid, less than one minute, and was reversible within the time course of a patch recording. Moreover, we report that modulation targets properties of spike firing rather than action potential shape, involves synaptic activity of glutamate or GABA signalling circuits, and is dependent upon Kv1.3 expression. Given the rising incidence of metabolic disorders attributed to weight gain, changes in neuronal excitability in brain regions regulating sensory perception of food are of consequence.
GaAs planar-doped barrier vacuum microelectronic electron emitters (1993)

A novel vacuum microelectronic electron emitter has been demonstrated in GaAs by using a planar-doped-barrier (PDB) structure. Emitted electrons are collected in high vacuum by a tantalum anode placed approximately 1 mm away from the emitter surface. Surface passivation with (NH/sub 4/)/sub 2/S/sub x/ followed by in situ heating in vacuum has been used to obtain an atomically clean surface. An emission current density of 0.42 A-cm/sup -2/ and an efficiency of 0.3% have been obtained from a 60 mu m*60 mu m emission region with an anode bias of 100 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the use of variable frame rate analysis in speech recognition (2002)

Changes in spectral characteristics are important cues for discriminating and identifying speech sounds. These changes can occur over very short time intervals. Computing frames every 10 ms, as commonly done in recognition systems, is not sufficient to capture such dynamic changes. In this paper, we propose a variable frame rate (VFR) algorithm. The algorithm results in an increased number of frames for rapidly-changing segments with relatively high energy and less frames for steady-state segments. The current implementation used an average data rate which is less than 100 frames per second. For an isolated word recognition task, and using an HMM-based speech recognition system, the proposed technique results in significant improvements in recognition accuracy especially at low signal-to-noise ratios. The technique was evaluated with mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) vectors and MFCC vectors with enhanced peak isolation.
Studies on prodrugs. 11. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-[(4-methyl-5-methylene-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)oxy]norfloxacin (1989)

The chemical oxidation of N-[(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl] norfloxacin (2) was carried out to afford N-[(4-methyl-5-methylene-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)oxy]norfloxacin (4). In vitro, 4 exhibited lower activity than that of norfloxacin (NFLX, 1) for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, in vivo the activity of 4 was higher than that of NFLX. Bioavailability studies in mice showed that 4 liberated a higher concentration of NFLX in plasma than NFLX itself when administered orally. From these data, 4 obtained by the chemical oxidation of 2 functioned as a prodrug of NFLX as well as did 2. The mechanism of the formation of 4 is interpreted in terms of [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.
Seperation of Hydrocarbons in Fixed Beds of Molecular Sieves (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeperation of Hydrocarbons in Fixed Beds of Molecular SievesW. J. Schumacher and Robert YorkCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1967, 6, 3, 321–327Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260023a011https://doi.org/10.1021/i260023a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Polymer Photovoltaic Cells Based on Solution‐Processable Graphene and P3HT (2009)

Abstract A soluble graphene, which has a one‐atom thickness and a two‐dimensional structure, is blended with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and used as the active layer in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer photovoltaic cells. Adding graphene to the P3HT induces a great quenching of the photoluminescence of the P3HT, indicating a strong electron/energy transfer from the P3HT to the graphene. In the photovoltaic devices with an ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:graphene/LiF/Al structure, the device efficiency increases first and then decreases with the increase in the graphene content. The device containing only 10 wt % of graphene shows the best performance with a power conversion efficiency of 1.1%, an open‐circuit voltage of 0.72 V, a short‐circuit current density of 4.0 mA cm −2 , and a fill factor of 0.38 under simulated AM1.5G conditions at 100 mW cm −2 after an annealing treatment at 160 °C for 10 min. The annealing treatment at the appropriate temperature (160 °C, for example) greatly improves the device performance; however, an annealing at overgenerous conditions such as at 210 °C results in a decrease in the device efficiency (0.57%). The morphology investigation shows that better performance can be obtained with a moderate content of graphene, which keeps good dispersion and interconnection. The functionalized graphene, which is cheap, easily prepared, stable, and inert against the ambient conditions, is expected to be a competitive candidate for the acceptor material in organic photovoltaic applications.
Lossless audio compression in the new IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio Coding (2014)

The IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio Coding (IEEE 1857.2) is a new standard approved by IEEE in August 2013. The standard comprises both lossy and lossless audio compression tools. This paper presents the lossless audio compression tool, which utilizes a pre-processing procedure for flattening the amplitude envelop of linear prediction residue, and an arithmetic coder that adopts a scaled probability template. The performance of the new IEEE lossless compressor is evaluated and compared with state-of-the-art lossless audio coders. Evaluation results show that the lossless compression performance of the IEEE compressor is about 5% higher than MPEG-4 ALS and 12% higher than FLAC.
Shannon meets Tesla: Wireless information and power transfer (2010)

The problem considered here is that of wireless information and power transfer across a noisy coupled-inductor circuit, which is a frequency-selective channel with additive white Gaussian noise. The optimal tradeoff between the achievable rate and the power transferred is characterized given the total power available. The practical utility of such systems is also discussed.
Endothelin-1 potentiates leukotoxin-induced edematous lung injury (1995)

We tested the hypothesis that leukotoxin (Lx), a cytochrome P-450-dependent linoleate product of leukocytes, can stimulate the release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) from the lung and further that exogenous ET-1 synergizes with Lx to produce edematous lung injury. In isolated rat lungs perfused with Earle's balanced salt solution, Lx (10 mumol) alone caused lung edema and increased the perfusate and lung tissue ET-1 levels. The combination of ET-1 (5 nM) and Lx (5 mumol), at concentrations that by themselves did not increase wet lung weight, significantly increased wet lung weight, wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, as well as the lung effluent lactate dehydrogenase activity. Pretreatment with BQ-123 (5 x 10(-6) M), an endothelin A receptor antagonist that significantly attenuated the ET-1 (5 nM)-induced increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) and pulmonary capillary pressure (Ppc), suppressed the edematous lung injury generated by the combination of ET-1 and Lx, suggesting that the edema-enhancing effect of ET-1 in Lx-treated lungs occurred through endothelin A receptor-dependent elevation of Ppa and Ppc. Elevation of the pulmonary venous pressure in Lx-treated lungs (13.5 cmH2O) mimicked the effect of ET-1 on Ppa and Ppc and produced a degree of lung edema that was comparable to that after combined ET-1 + Lx treatment but without increase in the perfusate lactate dehydrogenase. These data support the idea that ET-1 and Lx promote lung edema in a synergistic fashion.
3D human body modelling from range data (2000)

This thesis describes the design, implementation and application of an integrated and fully\nautomated system for interpreting whole-body range data.\nThe system is shown to be capable of generating complete surface models of human bodies, and\nrobustly extracting anatomical features for anthropometry, with minimal intrusion on the\nsubject. The ability to automate this process has enormous potential for personalised digital\nmodels in medicine, ergonomics, design and manufacture and for populating virtual\nenvironments. The techniques developed within this thesis now form the basis of a commercial\nproduct.\nHowever, the technical difficulties are considerable. Human bodies are highly varied and many\nof the features of interest are extremely subtle. The underlying range data is typically noisy and\nis sparse at occluded areas. In addressing these problems this thesis makes five main research\ncontributions.\nFirstly, the thesis describes the design, implementation and testing of the whole integrated and\nautomated system from scratch, starting at the image capture hardware. At each stage the tradeoffs\nbetween performance criteria are discussed, and experiments are described to test the\nprocesses developed.\nSecondly, a combined data-driven and model-based approach is described and implemented, for\nsurface reconstruction from the raw data. This method addresses the whole body surface,\nincluding areas where body segments touch, and other occluded areas.\nThe third contribution is a library of operators, designed specifically for shape description and\nmeasurement of the human body. The library provides high-level relational attributes, an\n"electronic tape measure" to extract linear and curvilinear measurements,as well as low-level\nshape information, such as curvature.\nApplication of the library is demonstrated by building a large set of detectors to find\nanthropometric features, based on the ISO 8559 specification. Output is compared against\ntraditional manual measurements and a detailed analysis is presented. The discrepancy between\nthese sets of data is only a few per cent on most dimensions, and the system's reproducibility is\nshown to be similar to that of skilled manual measurers.\nThe final contribution is that the mesh models and anthropometric features, produced by the\nsystem, have been used as a starting point to facilitate other research, Such as registration of\nmultiple body images,draping clothing and advanced surface modelling techniques.
The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a new sustained-release leuprolide acetate depot compared to market references (2008)

Sustained release of leuprolide from this new depot formulation suppressed testosterone levels at least as effectively and for a longer period of time than the reference products.