gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Property Enhancement of Polylactide Nanofibers through Optimization of Molecular Weight, Electrospinning Conditions, and Stereocomplexation (2012)

Aligned poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) electrospun nanofibers of different molecular weights (Mw = 100K, 300K, and 700K) were collected using a rotating disk at take-up velocities of 63, 630, and 1890 m/min. Structural development within the spun fibers was examined. Enhanced crystallinities were observed within the fibers spun at elevated take-up velocities, from the polymers with increased Mw. Mechanical properties were evaluated using the single nanofiber tensile test. Despite exhibiting remarkable crystalline and amorphous orientation, the fibers prepared from polymer of molecular weight, 700K, displayed a significant drop in tensile strength when a take-up velocity of 1890 m/min was used to stretch and align the fibers. The finding suggests that an optimum processing condition exists in the preparation of mechanically superior PLLA fiber electrospun from different molecular weight. This study has also collected aligned nanofibers electrospun from poly(l-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) blended solutions at take-up velocity of 630 m/min. Highest stereocomplexation activity was observed within the fibers spun from PLLA/PDLA blend solution with weight concentration 50/50 wt/wt. The tensile results highlighted that, among the various blend ratios spun with take-up velocity of 630 m/min, the highest tensile strength was observed for the fibers obtained at a blend ratio of 50/50 wt/wt.
Superoxide dismutase and oxygen toxicity defenses in the genus Neisseria (1986)

Among aerotolerant cells, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is very unusual because despite its obligately aerobic lifestyle and frequent isolation from purulent exudates containing polymorphonuclear leukocytes vigorously evolving O2- and H2O2, it contains no superoxide dismutase (SOD). Strains (14) of N. gonorrhoeae were compared with each other and with strains of Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria mucosa, and Neisseria subflava under identical growth conditions for their contents of the oxy-protective enzymes catalase, peroxidase, and SOD, as well as respiratory chain proteins and activity. The absence of SOD from N. gonorrhoeae strains was demonstrated under a variety of oxygen-stress conditions. The neisserial species showed very different SOD, catalase, and peroxidase profiles. These profiles correlated well with the tolerance of the species to various intra- and extracellular oxygen insults. The high tolerance of N. gonorrhoeae for extracellular O2- and H2O2 appeared to be due to very high constitutive levels of peroxidase and catalase activity combined with a cell envelope impervious to O2-. Nevertheless, N. gonorrhoeae 19424 was much more sensitive to an intracellular flux of O2- than were the other (SOD-containing) neisserial species. The responses of N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis respiratory and oxy-protective enzymes to growth under high and low oxygen tensions were followed, and a novel response, the apparent repression of the respiratory chain intermediates, respiration, and SOD, peroxidase, and catalase activity, was observed. The gonococcal catalase was partially purified and characterized. The results suggest that the very active terminal oxidase, low pO2 natural habitat, O2-stable catalase, and possibly the high glutathione content of the organism explain its aerobic survival in the absence of SOD.
Neurotransmitter alterations in a model of perinatal hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury (1983)

Vulnerability of neurotransmitter-specific neurons to hypoxia-ischemia was examined in the immature rat corpus striatum. Carotid artery ligation plus 2 hours of 8% oxygen atmosphere at 1 week of age produced ipsilateral striatal injury and reduced hemisphere mass 2 and 6 weeks later. Striatal injury was always more severe than damage to overlying cortex. Over half the animals had status marmoratus, a neuropathological change seen in the basal ganglia and thalamus after hypoxic-ischemic injury in full-term human infants. Two weeks after the insult, markers for cholinergic, dopaminergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing neurons were all reduced, but the reduction in cholinergic markers was greater than that for the other two transmitters. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors were relatively preserved, but their distribution was disrupted. In adult animals specific activity of cholinergic neuronal markers was normal, suggesting that the balance of neurotransmitters was restored after the early insult.
Research on virtual network design based on virtual router (2009)

Network virtualization can diversify the future Internet architecture into separate virtual networks according to different applications and requirements. Telecom operators adopt network virtualization technologies to design virtual networks to meet users' requirements and achieve high efficiency, low cost, controllability, etc. Previous researches focus on virtual networks construction based on restriction conditions of link bandwidth or optimal topology design for virtual network. In this paper we propose a multi-commodity flow model to design virtual networks based on virtual router. We then define the load of node as a parameter, based on comprehensive consideration of node's capacity and load balance. We validate the effectiveness of our algorithm through simulation. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm is a good solution to the problem of virtual networks construction and also improve load balance of the substrate networks.
Analytical results on system maximum reach increase through symbol rate optimization (2015)

We investigate the dependence of maximum system reach on symbol rate. We identify a suitable modeling framework and derive a closed-form formula for the optimum rate, typically 2-to-10 GBaud. Maximum reach gains are between 5% and 20%.
How utilizing curvilinear design enables better manufacturing process window (2020)

For over ten years, lithographers have been attempting to use ILT to maximize the wafer process window. Only recently has the ability been available to manufacture the curvilinear ILT reticles. It has recently been shown that migrating the mask data to a purely curvilinear path (avoiding Manhattanization after ILT output) maximizes wafer process yield by minimizing mask variability. Therefore, the last two steps of the design+manufacturing flow can be done in a completely curvilinear way. It is now time to extend these ideas to design itself. It has been demonstrated earlier that these designs can reduce the number masks needed for a device. We will show the ability to achieve better device behavior by requesting more manufacturable shapes. As part of this we will suggest how to update the existing Manhattan design rule check (DRC) rules with curvilinear ones.
Norrin Protected Blood–Brain Barrier Via Frizzled-4/β-Catenin Pathway After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats (2014)

Norrin protected blood-brain barrier integrity and improved neurological outcome after SAH, and the action of Norrin appeared mediated by Frizzled-4 receptor activation, which promoted β-catenin nuclear translocation, which then enhanced Occludin, VE-Cadherin, and ZO-1 expression. Norrin might have potential to protect blood-brain barrier after SAH.
The GAR Motif of 53BP1 is Arginine Methylated by PRMT1 and is Necessary for 53BP1 DNA Binding Activity (2005)

The p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA double-strand breaks and forms characteristics nuclear foci, demonstrating its role in the early events of detection, signaling and repair of damaged DNA. 53BP1 contains a glycine arginine rich (GAR) motif of unknown function within its kinetochore-binding domain. Herein, we show that the GAR motif of 53BP1 is arginine methylated by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), the same methyltransferase that methylates MRE11. 53BP1 contains asymmetric dimethylarginines (aDMA) within cells, as detected with methylarginine-specific antibodies. Amino acid substitution of the arginines within the GAR motif of 53BP1 abrogated binding to single and double-stranded DNA, demonstrating that the GAR motif is required for DNA binding activity of 53BP1. Fibroblast cells treated with methylase inhibitors failed to relocalize 53BP1 to sites of DNA damage and formed few gamma-H2AX foci, consistent with our previous data that MRE11 fails to relocalize to DNA damage sites in cells treated with methylase inhibitors. Our findings identify the GAR motif as a region required for 53BP1 DNA binding activity and as the site of methylation by PRMT1.
Formelsammlung für das Vermessungswesen (2010)

Die kompakt und übersichtlich gestaltete Formelsammlung enthält alle wichtigen vermessungstechnischen und mathematischen Formeln. Der Aufbau des Buches mit über 200 Abbildungen garantiert ein schnelle
Genetic Enhancement of Visual Learning by Activation of Protein Kinase C Pathways in Small Groups of Rat Cortical Neurons (2005)

Although learning and memory theories hypothesize that memories are encoded by specific circuits, it has proven difficult to localize learning within a cortical area. Neural network theories predict that activation of a small fraction of the neurons in a circuit can activate that circuit. Consequently, altering the physiology of a small group of neurons might potentiate a specific circuit and enhance learning, thereby localizing learning to that circuit. In this study, we activated protein kinase C (PKC) pathways in small groups of neurons in rat postrhinal (POR) cortex. We microinjected helper virus-free herpes simplex virus vectors that expressed a constitutively active PKC into POR cortex. This PKC was expressed predominantly in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in POR cortex. This intervention increased phosphorylation of five PKC substrates that play critical roles in neurotransmitter release (GAP-43 and dynamin) or glutamatergic neurotransmission (specific subunits of AMPA or NMDA receptors and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate). Additionally, activation of PKC pathways in cultured cortical neurons supported activation-dependent increases in release of glutamate and GABA. This intervention enhanced the learning rate and accuracy of visual object discriminations. In individual rats, the numbers of transfected neurons positively correlated with this learning. During learning, neuronal activity was increased in neurons proximal to the transfected neurons. These results demonstrate that potentiating small groups of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in POR cortex enhances visual object learning. More generally, these results suggest that learning can be mediated by specific cortical circuits.
Integration of on‐chip peristaltic pumps and injection valves with microchip electrophoresis and electrochemical detection (2010)

A microfluidic approach that integrates peristaltic pumping from an on-chip reservoir with injection valves, microchip electrophoresis and electrochemical detection is described. Fabrication and operation of both the peristaltic pumps and injection valves were optimized to ensure efficient pumping and discrete injections. The final device uses the peristaltic pumps to continuously direct sample from a reservoir containing a mixture of analytes to injection valves that are coupled with microchip electrophoresis and amperometric detection. The separation and direct detection of dopamine and norepinephrine were possible with this approach and the utility of the device was demonstrated by monitoring the stimulated release of these neurotransmitters from a layer of cells introduced into the microchip. It is also shown that this pumping/reservoir approach can be expanded to multiple reservoirs and pumps, where one reservoir can be addressed individually or multiple reservoirs sampled simultaneously.
FREE MALARIAL PARASITES AND THE EFFECT OF THE MIGRATION OF THE PARASITES OF TERTIAN MALARIAL INFECTIONS (1914)

1. The malarial parasite is extracellular throughout its life cycle and migrates from red corpuscle to red corpuscle destroying each before it abandons it; in the brief intervals between, the parasite is free in the blood serum; it does not remain long free, but almost immediately attaches itself to another red corpuscle by means of delicate pseudopodia. 2. The compact form of the tertian parasite is the type of free parasite most often observed; in this form the parasite may be seen not only in migration, but after quinine and in the cadaver. I believe the compact form to be the normal resting form of the parasite, all other forms being assumed in order to secure attachment and to obtain food. 3. Care must be taken not to confound free parasites having protoplasmic pseudopodia ready for attachment with the sexual flagellating parasites, whose flagella are composed of chromatin. 4. The malarial parasite can live for some time free in the blood serum, though under normal conditions there is no reason why it should remain free for any length of time, and there are certain periods in the life of the parasite when it must be admitted that it is free from the corpuscle and survives. If the parasite is, as I believe, attached to the external surface of the red corpuscle, it is constantly exposed to the action of the patients' serum. 5. The destruction of more than one red corpuscle by each parasite would readily account for the severe and early anemia occurring in malarial infections. 6. Long continued treatment with quinine will eventually cause the death of all malarial parasites.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes increase the adhesion of circulating tumor cells to microvascular endothelium. (2007)

These results demonstrate that activated PMN promote tumor cell adhesion to the microvascular wall by production of ROS. This indicates that in tackling the ROS production, preventing tumor recurrence at distant sites, might be feasible.
Web Information Extraction and User Modeling: Towards Closing the Gap. (2006)

Web search engines have become the primary method of accessing information on the web. Billions of queries are submitted to major web search engines, reflecting a wide range of information needs. While significant progress has been made on improving the relevance of the results, web search process often remains a frustrating experience. At the same time, web information extraction has seen tremendous progress, such that knowledge bases of millions of facts extracted from the web are now a reality. Yet it is not clear how effectively these knowledge bases support common user information needs. We posit that a key for web information extraction to significantly impact the web search experience is to connect the extraction process with user modeling, particularly with automatic methods for inferring user information needs and anticipated interaction patterns. In this paper we overview some recent efforts for user modeling and inferring user preferences in the context of closing the gap between web information extraction and user modeling. 1
High efficiency PWM zero-voltage-transition DC-DC boost converter (2002)

A soft-switching boost converter with duty-cycle control is proposed. Compared to its hard-switching PWM counterpart, the new switch-mode converter contains four additional elements: a resonant inductor, an active switch and two diodes. The parasitic capacitances of the main and auxiliary active switch serve as resonant capacitors. Multi-resonance is created in the circuit, thus allowing for zero-voltage-switching of the active switches and rectifier diode. The commutation of all switches takes place with zero capacitive turn-on losses; consequently, the switching losses are small. The current through the resonant inductor is not allowed to increase over the load current; the resonant stage is delayed until the inductor has been discharged. As a result, the voltage and current stresses on the devices are at the same level as on their counterparts in conventional converters, implying normal-rated switches, and normal conduction losses. The overall efficiency is very high, as proved by the measurements on a prototype realized in the laboratory.
Hints for Computer System Design (1984)

Decorated with pithy quotations from many sources, this collection of good advice and anecdotes draws upon the folk wisdom of experienced designers.
Prevalence and odds of S<i>taphylococcus aureus</i>carriage in atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)

These results demonstrate the importance of colonization with S. aureus in AD. Further evaluation of the mechanisms by which S. aureus influences inflammation is required in addition to the development of targeted strategies to decrease skin and nasal S. aureus load.
Evanescent-wave comb spectroscopy of liquids with strongly dispersive optical fiber cavities (2013)

We demonstrate evanescent-wave fiber cavity-enhanced spectroscopy in the liquid phase using a near-infrared frequency comb. Exploiting strong fiber-dispersion effects, we show that liquid absorption spectra can be recorded without any external dispersive element. The fiber cavity is used both as sensor and spectrometer. The resonance modes are frequency locked to the comb teeth while the cavity photon lifetime is measured over 155 nm, from 1515 nm to 1670 nm, where absorption bands of liquid polyamines are detected as a proof of concept. Our fiber spectrometer lends itself to in situ, real-time chemical analysis in environmental monitoring, biomedical assays, and micro-opto-fluidic systems.
HER2 Expression in Salivary Gland Carcinomas (2004)

Our overall results suggest that trastuzumab will not have a major role in treatment of salivary gland cancers of intercalated duct origin. Further systematic evaluation of trastuzumab in subtypes of excretory duct origin could be supported.
Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from the Pyrolysis of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.) Waste (2007)

Use of waste as raw material for producing porous carbon was investigated in this work. Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) residue from oil extraction for biodiesel production was pyrolyzed at 400–800 °C with hold times of 15, 120, and 240 min to obtain char precursors. Activated carbon, with favorable Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area in a narrow range, was prepared by soaking these chars in concentrated KOH, H3PO4, as well as a pure CO2 gas flash activator. The maximum specific surface area of 532.30 m2 g−1 was developed for the alkaline-treated sample. The carbon fraction of activated materials was as much as 90 wt %, significantly higher than the char precursor. Mesopore of 2–50 nm and total pore volumes of the materials were also significantly enhanced by these activations. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms of physic-nut-waste-activated carbons indicated that they were mainly mesopores. Pores of char activated by KOH and H3PO4 are irregular, of different shapes and sizes, and the macropores seemed to be connected to mesopores, especially for the KOH-activated case. Surface analysis of pyrolyzed and activated char using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated main functional groups that are considerably different to those of activated materials, which may lead to greater adsorption potential of activated samples. However, functional groups on each activated carbon are quite similar even with different activation processes. According to the data obtained, physic nut residue pyrolyzed at 800 °C and followed by KOH activation could be used as a low-cost adsorbent with favorable surface properties.
Determination of Ice Cream Mix Freezing Points: A Comparison of Methods (1987)

Abstract Ten batches of ice cream mix, varying in composition, were prepared. Mix freezing points were calculated by a formula method, determined by an osmometer, and the results of two methods were compared. Mix freezing points calculated by the formula method ranged from −2.36 to −3.59°C (−2.741°C mean); freezing points determined by the osmometer ranged from −2.40 to −3.53°C (−2.745°C mean). Comparative results of these methods differed by an average of .04±.02°C. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was .996, and there was no significant difference between them.
A Direct Control Scheme to Achieve Maximum Acceleration in Linear Induction Motors (2007)

Linear induction machines (LIM) have shown their advantages in high speed propulsion in a variety of industries, such as, military, transportation, and aerospace to name a few. Usage of vector control to achieve maximum speed acceleration/deceleration for linear induction machines has been a focal area of research for the past decade. However, due to the trailing eddy current effects and magnetic asymmetry effects, vector control does not provide nearly the functionality for LIM as it does for rotary induction machines (RIM). Therefore, searching for an adequate control scheme with ease in implementation and low cost is the motivation for this paper. Using finite element analysis (FEA) the relationship between traction force and different ranges of linear speed and excitation frequencies in motoring, generating, and electromagnetic braking regions has been explored. By storing these characteristics in the form of lookup tables which provides excitation frequencies resulting in maximum accelerating and decelerating forces, a closed-loop speed control scheme with fast response has been proposed.
Québec n'a que faire d'une politique nataliste et a le temps de voir venir (1974)

Québec n'a que faire d'une politique nataliste et a le temps de voir venir. Un article de la revue Bulletin de l'Association des démographes du Québec (Année mondiale de la population) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
Combination of Clustering, Classification & Association Rule based Approach for Course Recommender System in E-learning (2012)

Data mining also known as Knowledge Discovery in Database is the process of discovering new pattern from large data set. E-learning is the electronically learning & teaching process. Course Recommender System allows us to study the behavior of student regarding the courses. In Course Recommender System in E-learning, we collect the data regarding the student enrollments for a specific set of data i.e. the courses which the students like to learn. After collection of data, we apply three data mining techniques namely clustering, classification & association rule to find the best combination of courses. Here we compare the result of this combined approach with result obtained using only association rule & present how this combined approach is better than only the association rule algorithm.
100 MHz Amplitude and Polarization Modulated Optical Source for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution at 850 nm (2010)

We report on an integrated photonic transmitter of up to 100 MHz repetition rate, which emits pulses centered at 850 nm with arbitrary amplitude and polarization. The source is suitable for free space quantum key distribution applications. The whole transmitter, with the optical and electronic components integrated, has reduced size and power consumption. In addition, the optoelectronic components forming the transmitter can be space-qualified, making it suitable for satellite and future space missions.