gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor enhances muscle proliferation and strength following skeletal muscle injury in rats (2007)

Insufficiency of skeletal muscle regeneration often impedes the healing process with functional deficiencies and scar formation. We tested the hematopoietic growth factor granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) with respect to its efficacy to improve functional muscle regeneration following skeletal muscle injury in Wistar rats. After crush injury to the left soleus muscle, animals received daily G-CSF (20 mug/kg ip) or vehicle solution (n = 30 per group each). Sham-operated animals without muscle injury served as controls (n = 15). After in vivo assessment of the fast-twitch and tetanic contraction capacity of the soleus muscles at days 4, 7, and 14 post-injury, sampling of muscle tissue served for analysis of satellite cell proliferation [bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/laminin and BrdU/desmin double immunohistochemistry] and cell apoptosis (transferase nick-end labeling analysis). Muscle strength analysis revealed recovery of contraction forces to 26 +/- 2, 35 +/- 3, and 53 +/- 3% (twitch force) and to 20 +/- 3, 24 +/- 2, and 37 +/- 2% (tetanic force) within the 14-day observation period in vehicle-treated animals. In contrast, G-CSF increased contractile forces with markedly higher values at day 7 (twitch force: 42 +/- 2%; tetanic force: 34 +/- 2%) and day 14 (twitch force: 62 +/- 3%; tetanic force: 43 +/- 3%). This enhancement of muscle function was preceded by a significant increase of satellite cell proliferation (BrdU-positive cells/mm(2): 27 +/- 6 vs. vehicle: 12 +/- 3) and a moderate decrease of cell apoptosis (transferase nick-end labeling-positive cells/mm(2): 11 +/- 2 vs. vehicle: 16 +/- 3) at day 4. In conclusion, G-CSF histologically promoted viability and proliferation of muscle cells and functionally enhanced recovery of muscle strength. Thus G-CSF might represent a therapeutic option to optimize the posttraumatic course of muscle tissue healing.
On balancing client - server load in intelligent web-based applications involving dialog (1999)

With the explosive growth of the Internet have come problems of increased server load and network latency.This means that systems that require interchange of data between server and client over the network can be slow to unusable (at peak times).We are investigating methods for developing distributed CBR systems which minimise the load on the servers and the network, thus increasing response time and usability.The first part of this research focuses on balancing load in a client/server situation that involves a long-lived dialog.This report discusses the various issues to be tackled when attempting to effectively balance the processing load.
Liquid chromatography on-chip: progression towards a μ-total analysis system (2000)

After a brief introduction to the area of miniaturised analytical separation systems, this paper details the fabrication of components for a miniaturised liquid chromatography system. To date, inlet and outlet connection ports, separation μ-channels (20–200 μm in width, 0.5–10 μm in depth, 15–50 cm in length), and an intersection for picolitre injection have been etched on a silicon wafer and then sealed with a Pyrex cover plate on which platinum electrodes for on-chip detection have been machined. In addition the μ-channel walls have been chemically modified with n-octyltriethoxysilane and the reverse phase retention of the drug caffeine was observed using off-chip injection (20 nl) and UV detection (3 nl flow cell). The on-chip platinum electrodes have been used for the amperometric detection of phenol. In addition, using external valving, initial results indicated a successful mode for a partially integrated on-chip injector which should allow further progression towards a μ-chromatographic analysis system.
Pseudohalogens for Dye-Sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> Photoelectrochemical Cells (2001)

In this paper, we report on the preparation and characterization of two pseudohalogen redox couples for dye-sensitized TiO2 photoelectrochemical cells. The equilibrium potentials of the (SeCN)2/SeCN- and (SCN)2/SCN- couples are respectively 0.19 and 0.43 V more positive than for the I3-/I- couple, providing the opportunity to determine the influence of the redox potential on the open circuit photovoltage. With the sensitizer cis-Ru(dcb)2(NCS)2 (N3), the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency was 20% for the (SeCN)2/SeCN- couple and 4% for the (SCN)2/SCN- couple. Transient absorbance measurements showed that the quantum yield for electron injection is independent of the pseudohalogen redox couple and that the regeneration rates of the dye decrease in the order I- > SeCN- > SCN-. The effects of the redox potential on open circuit photovoltage were determined by independent measurement of the dependence of the sensitized TiO2 working electrode and the platinum counter electrode potentials on the cell voltage.
Steam Reforming of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons With Nonthermal Plasma (2004)

Steam reforming of aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, propane, and neopentane was investigated with two types of barrier discharge plasma reactors. With a ferroelectric packed-bed reactor ( FPR) in N/sub 2/, almost the same conversions were obtained for ethane, propane, and neopentane, but methane was less reactive than these hydrocarbons. Hydrogen gas yield decreased in the order: methane/spl ap/ethane>propane>neopentane. The molar ratio of H/sub 2/ to CO {[H/sub 2/]/[CO]} exceeded 3.5 for all the hydrocarbons. [H/sub 2/]/[CO] did not change in the range of H/sub 2/O content from 0.5% to 2.5%. At the volumetric ratio of H/sub 2/O to Hydrocarbon=2.0, carbon balances were poor for ethane, propane, and neopentane, but almost all of the carbon atoms in the reacted methane were recovered as CO and CO/sub 2/. The mole fractions of CO and CO/sub 2/ depended on the chemical structures of the substrate hydrocarbons. It is considered that the water-gas-shift reaction proceeds backward for the reaction systems of the hydrocarbons with higher hydrogen atom densities per molecule. FPR maintained the same performance for 10 h in the steam reforming of methane. The efficiency of a silent discharge plasma reactor was much lower than that of FPR.
Third Molar Development in the Estimation of Chronologic Age in American Blacks as Compared With Whites<sup>*</sup> (2007)

Third molar (M3) development determined from dental radiographs in American blacks (African Americans; n=637) aged 14-24 years was contrasted against American whites (n=563) from a previous study using the method of Demirjian et al. Differences were assessed using descriptive statistics and the parametric proportional hazards model. For each developmental stage, the probability of an individual being at least 18 years old was evaluated. As in other M3 studies, there were highly significant modal differences, but the age ranges at each stage overlapped considerably. Black-white differences were highly significant with developmental stages occurring in blacks a year or so earlier. Gender differences also varied significantly, both with increasing age and between races. The empirical likelihood that an African American male with fully developed M3's is at least 18 years old is 93% and that for African American female is 84%. Corresponding risks for whites are 90% and 93%.
Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Localization of <sup>111</sup> In-Labeled HuCC49ΔC <sub>H</sub> 2 in BALB/c Mice and Athymic Murine Colon Carcinoma Xenograft (2006)

The primary limitation of IgG antibodies for radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors is their prolonged serum half-life, leading to dose-limiting bone marrow toxicity at doses providing inadequate radiation to the tumor. A humanized C(H)2 domain-deleted variant of the anti-TAG-72 antibody CC49 (HuCC49DeltaC(H)2) has faster blood clearance, compared to the IgG, while retaining tumor targeting. We compared the pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake of (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 in BALB/c mice and a colon carcinoma (LS-174T) mouse xenograft with that of (111)In-labeled chimeric CC49 (cCC49), an antibody with pharmacokinetics similar to the humanized CC49 parent. Immuno-conjugates of HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 and cCC49 prepared with the (111)In chelator Mx-DTPA (1-isothiocyantobenzyl-3-methyldiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) retained low nM affinity and radiolabeling protocols provided greater than 95% radio-incorporation with (111)In while retaining greater than 80% immunoreactivity. Blood clearance of (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 in BALB/c mice was monoexponential (t(1/2) 5.4 hours) and faster than (111)In-cCC49 (biexponential clearance; t1/2Delta 1.5 hours; t1/2beta 162 hours). The (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 also cleared more rapidly from the blood in the murine xenograft. At 1 hour postinjection, blood concentrations for (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 and (111)In-cCC49 were comparable (25.5 injected dose per g [%ID/g] and 21.3 %ID/g, respectively); tumor uptake for (111)In- HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 was 7.9 %ID/g, compared to 7.5 %ID/g for (111)In-cCC49. However, at 24 hours, blood concentration for (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 was less than (111)In-cCC49 (0.9 %ID/g versus 5.2 %ID/g, respectively) with comparable tumor retention (14.4 %ID/g versus 19.0 %ID/g, respectively). Faster blood clearance of (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 and tumor localization comparable to that of (111)In-cCC49 provided a fourfold improved tumor-to-blood ratio for (111)In-HuCC49DeltaC(H)2 at 24 hours postinjection.
Optical multicarrier sources for spectrally efficient optical networks (2016)

During the last 30 years the capacity of commercial optical systems exceeded the network traffic requirements, mainly due to the extraordinary scalability of wavelength division multiplexing technology that has been successfully used to expand capacity in optical systems and meet increasing bandwidth requirements since the early 1990’s. Nevertheless, the rapid growth of network traffic inverted this situation and current trends show faster growing network traffic than system capacity.\nTo enable further and faster growth of optical communication network capacity, several breakthroughs occurred during the last decade. First, optical coherent communications, which were the subject of intensive research in the 1980’s, were revived. This triggered the employment of advanced modulation formats. Afterwards, with the introduction of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and Nyquist WDM modulation techniques in optical communication systems, very efficient utilisation of the available spectral bandwidth was enabled. In such systems the spectral guard bands between neighbouring channels are minimised, at the expense of stricter requirements on the performance of optical sources, especially the frequency (or wavelength) stability. Attractive solutions to address the frequency stability issues are optical multicarrier sources which simultaneously generate multiple phase correlated optical carriers that ensure that the frequency difference between the carriers is fixed.\nIn this thesis, a number of optical multicarrier sources are presented and analysed, with special focus being on semiconductor mode-locked lasers and gain-switched comb sources. High capacity and spectrally efficient optical systems for short and medium reach applications (from 3 km up to 300 km), based on optical frequency combs as optical sources, advanced modulation formats (m-QAM) and modulation techniques (OFDM and Nyquist WDM) have been proposed and presented. Also, certain optoelectronic devices (i.e. semiconductor optical amplifier) and techniques (feed-forward heterodyne linewidth reduction scheme) have been utilised to enable the desired system performance.
X-ray total-external-reflection–Bragg diffraction: A structural study of the GaAs-Al interface (1979)

A new technique utilizing conventional x-ray diffraction in conjunction with total external reflection has provided a powerful tool for studying ordered interfaces and surface phenomena. It has been used in this work to study the details of the interface region of a molecular beam epitaxially grown Al single crystal on a molecular beam epitaxially grown GaAs single-crystal substrate. A simple model including variations of the lattice parameter and disorder in the interface region is in agreement with these experimental results.
Ultraviolet‐B induction of interstitial collagenase and stromelyin‐1 occurs in human dermal fibroblasts via an autocrine interleukin‐6‐dependent loop (1999)

Ultraviolet-B irradiation of human dermal fibroblasts has earlier been shown to induce matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, thus driving connective tissue degradation in photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Herein, we report that Ultraviolet-B irradiation led to a dramatic increase in specific mRNA and protein levels of interstitial collagenase, stromelysin and interleukin-6. By contrast, the major tissue inhibitor of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, TIMP-1, was unaffected. Monospecific neutralizing antibodies directed against human interleukin-6 significantly reduced the interstitial collagenase and stromelysin-1 protein levels. Taken together, our data provide the first evidence that Ultraviolet-B induction of interstitial collagenase and stromelysin-1 occurs via the synthesis and release of interleukin-6. Hence, this newly identified autocrine mechanism may contribute to dermal photodamage.
Labor scheduling, Part2 (1998)

You've figured out how many customers to expect, and now you need to decide how many employees to schedule. Alas, to do that well is more complicated than you might think.
Ribavirin pharmacodynamics in high-risk patients for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1987)

Ribavirin was administered orally in escalating doses for 2 or 4 weeks to 15 symptom-free, human immunodeficiency virus seropositive homosexual men with generalized lymphadenopathy. Reverse transcriptase activity was inhibited during therapy when steady-state plasma concentrations were greater than 6 mumol/L. These concentrations were achieved with 1200 or 2400 mg/day for 2 weeks or a loading dose of 2400 mg/day for 3 days followed by 600 mg/day for 4 weeks. Drug accumulation occurred at all doses. The elimination half-life appeared to be approximately 2 weeks. Reversible adverse reactions, principally resulting in central nervous system symptoms and anemia, correlated with dose and duration of therapy. Immunologic enhancement of T-lymphocyte-mediated mitogen-induced responses was observed in the majority of patients who had reduction in reverse transcriptase activity. However, specific T4+ lymphocyte-mediated antigen-induced responses increased to within the normal range in only three patients. Significant enhancement appeared to correlate with the severity of baseline antigen-induced functional impairment. These data indicate that oral ribavirin can be given for at least 1 month with acceptable toxicity at doses that appear to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication.
“天行者号”地球轨道酒店 百万美元做一夜太空梦 (2005)

想找个与众不同的地方度假吗?2010年,人类将拥有第一个太空酒店,比起今天每人2000万美元的太空之旅,790万美元票价将显得十分划算。让我们带你走进天行者号地球轨道酒店,它其实比你想像的更接近现实。请看美国《科技新时代》的详细报道。
Validation and Prognosis of Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring in Nontriggered Thoracic Computed Tomography (2013)

Our analysis shows the prognostic value and potential role of nontriggered assessment of coronary calcium, but it does not suggest that electrocardiography-triggered CT should be replaced by nontriggered examinations.
Peer-to-peer resource discovery in mobile Grids (2005)

Grids are likely to be the mainstay of distributed computing. Grid was firstly applied as a concept for sharing computing resources among wired nodes, but there has been a growing interest in extending this concept to mobile environments. Although significant work has been done towards mobile grids, much of it has followed centralized approaches based on infrastructure wireless networks. We believe that a less restrictive, decentralized approach that supports mobile collaboration in ad-hoc wireless networks can cater for novel grid applications. To address this issue, we propose a middleware architecture called MoGrid. MoGrid orchestrates the distribution of grid tasks among mobile devices in a peer-to-peer (P2P) fashion. In this paper, we focus on the P2P Discovery Protocol (P2PDP), which is a central element of our architecture. P2PDP aids in distributing tasks among the most resourceful devices, while mitigating the overhead of control messages exchanged among them. We describe a prototype implementation of our architecture and discuss some issues related to the adoption of P2PDP as an ad-hoc resource discovery mechanism in mobile grids.
L-DOPA Neurotoxicity Is Mediated by Up-Regulation of DMT1−IRE Expression (2009)

The up-regulation of DMT1-IRE and the increase in DMT1-IRE-mediated iron influx play a key role in L-DOPA neurotoxicity in cortical neurons.
Enantioselective Acetylation of an .ALPHA.-Hydroxy Ester by Using Ether-Linked Lipid-Lipase Aggregates in Organic Solvents. (1993)

Phospholipids of a new type having ω-cyclohexyltridecyl groups were synthesized in order to investigate the influence of the structure of lipophilic part of phospholipids upon the enzymatic reaction. Enantioselective acetylation of an α-hydroxy ester was carried out in the presence of lipid-lipase aggregates bearing O-ω-cyclohexyltridecyl and O-hexadecyl groups. The chemical yield of α-acetoxy ester was improved by using lipid-lipase aggregates compared to the case of enzymatic reaction using native lipase OF-360 from Candida cylindracea. It was found that the influence of the ω-cyclohexyltridecyl group on the chemical and optical yields of α-acetoxy ester was essentially the same as that to the hexadecyl group.
Determination of phenols in a coal liquefaction product by gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of phenols in a coal liquefaction product by gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometryCurt M. White and Norman C. LiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 9, 1570–1572Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00246a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00246a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Using LS-Dyna for Hot Stamping (2009)

Summary: Presented is a methodology for finite element modeling of the continuous press hardening of car components using ultra high strength steel. The Numisheet 2008 benchmark problem BM03 [1] is selected as the model problem to be solved. LS-DYNA [2] has several features that are useful to numerically model hot sheet metal stamping, such as: (1) modeling high rate dynamics for press forming; (2) conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer; (3) tool-to-part contact conductance as a function of interface pressure; (4) material models that account for temperature dependent properties, phase change, phase fractions, and Vickers hardness prediction; and (5) a CFD solver for tool cooling.
Categorization of Natural Objects (1981)

A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in recent decades, with the potential to create a paradigm shift in decision theories. The research reveals that emotions constitute potent, pervasive, predictable, sometimes harmful and sometimes ...Read More
Further development of a versatile microscale automated workstation for parallel adaptive experimentation (1999)

We have further developed our microscale automated chemistry workstation for investigating the optimization of reaction conditions. The workstation includes a Cartesian robot for solvent delivery and reagent/sample handling, a 60-vessel reaction block, a UV–Vis absorption spectrometer, and vial racks for compound storage. This article describes the following hardware additions that increase the scope and versatility of the workstation: (a) an analytical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instrument and accompanying hardware interface (slide rail, autosampler); (b) three reactor blocks of 20 vessels each, with independent temperature control of each reactor block between ca. 0 and 80°C; (c) a shaker rack for mixing, dilution, or extraction of samples; (d) a rotary valve on the dispense line for complete isolation of 4 independent solvent lines; (e) sample workup features using disposable cartridges or filters; (f) provisions for dispensing inert gas, for example, for flushing through reactors or for storing solvents and performing transfer/dispense operations under. Using the new features, we are able to obtain useful analytical data from a wider range of reaction mixtures, perform parallel reactions at different temperatures, and handle solvents and sensitive reagents. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lab Robotics and Automation 11: 217–223, 1999
Internal communication architecture for resource holons (2002)

Key aspects of holonic manufacturing systems (HMS) are flexibility and reconfigurability in view of change and disturbances. Disturbances may occur due to malfunction of the machinery equipment; changes in the manufacturing environment may require new holonic control algorithms to be adopted. We present an architectural approach supporting dynamic reconfiguration of resource holons in case of malfunction and recovery. For flexible and efficient testing and validation of holonic control algorithms the proposed communication architecture supports the connection of high-level holonic control logic to manufacturing machinery as well as to emulations of the machinery.
Rotorcraft as Mars Scouts (2003)

A new approach for the robotic exploration of Mars is detailed: the use of small, ultralightweight, autonomous rotary-wing aerial platforms. Missions based on robotic rotorcraft could make excellent candidates for the NASA Mars Scout program. The paper details the work to date and future planning required for the development of such 'Mars rotorcraft'.
Impaired acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation in patients with congestive heart failure. Role of endothelium-derived vasodilating and vasoconstricting factors. (1993)

The reduced vasodilatory response to intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine in patients with congestive heart failure probably results from several coexistent abnormalities in peripheral vascular function, including abnormal production of cyclooxygenase-dependent vasoconstricting factor, impaired endothelial release of nitric oxide, and decreased vascular smooth muscle responsiveness to cyclic GMP-mediated vasodilation.