gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glutamine Peptide‐Supplemented Long‐Term Total Parenteral Nutrition: Effects on Intracellular and Extracellular Amino Acid Patterns, Nitrogen Economy, and Tissue Morphology in Growing Rats (1993)

Glutamine (GLN) is a nonessential amino acid that is not included in current regimens for parenteral nutrition because of its chemical instability. This study tested the hypothesis that GLN supplementation during long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (3 weeks) would enhance GLN availability, thereby improving nitrogen economy and growth in a growing rat model: Standard TPN delivering 300 kcal/kg per day (lipid:carbohydrate = 1.1) including 2.1 g of nitrogen per kilogram per day in an all-in-one solution was compared with an isonitrogenous, isocaloric, and isovolemic TPN regimen with 0.29 g of nitrogen per kilogram per day substituted by GLN derived from the dipeptides glycyl-GLN and alanyl-GLN (TPN GLN). Enterally fed controls were included. Analysis was confined to nonbacteremic animals with negative blood culture, in which extracellular and intracellular amino acid concentrations including GLN, nitrogen balance, serum protein concentrations, growth, and histologic sections of liver and small-bowel mucosa (light and scanning electron microscopy) were evaluated. Hepatic intracellular GLN concentrations were significantly lower, in animals receiving GLN-free TPN (11.7 +/- 1.6 nmol/mg fat-free dry and solid tissue mass, n = 9) compared with both GLN-supplemented TPN (16.0 +/- 3.0, n = 7) and enteral feeding (18.2 +/- 1.8, n = 6) (p < .001). Corresponding results were found for intracellular GLN concentrations in skeletal muscle (TPN standard 12.5 +/- 3.1, TPN GLN 14.7 +/- 3.1, enteral control 17.3 +/- 2.3, p < .05), intestinal mucosa, and spleen as well as for plasma concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Inhibition of Sickle Erythrocyte Adhesion to Immobilized Thrombospondin by von Willebrand Factor Under Dynamic Flow Conditions (1997)

Sickle red blood cell (RBC) adhesion to the blood vessel wall is hypothesized to be the initiating event in the periodic vaso-occlusive episodes that characterize sickle cell disease (SCD). Thrombospondin-1 (TSP) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) have each been implicated in the adhesion of sickle RBC to vascular endothelial cells (EC) and subendothelial matrices. To better understand the contributions of each of these adhesive glycoproteins, we examined the adhesion of sickle RBC to immobilized TSP and vWF using a parallel plate flow chamber. Under postcapillary venular shear stress (1 dyne/cm2), sickle RBC adhered preferentially to TSP. To explore potential interactive effects of vWF and TSP, we examined sickle RBC adhesion to mixtures of these proteins. Whether the proteins were first combined in solution or sequentially applied to the slide, the presence of vWF inhibited the binding of sickle RBC to TSP. The inhibition of adhesion by vWF was shown to be the result of specific and saturable binding of vWF to TSP. Furthermore, vWF in solution at normal plasma levels also inhibited RBC adhesion to immobilized TSP. These data indicate that sickle RBC adhesion in vivo may be significantly influenced by the relative concentrations of TSP and vWF in the vascular wall.
The Gut-Brain Axis: The Missing Link in Depression (2015)

The gut microbiota is essential to human health and the immune system and plays a major role in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Based on evidence, the gut microbiota is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, autistic disorders, anxiety disorders and major depressive disorders. In the past few years, neuroscientific research has shown the importance of the microbiota in the development of brain systems. Recent studies showed that the microbiota could activate the immune and central nervous systems, including commensal and pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microorganisms are capable of producing and delivering neuroactive substances such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid, which act on the gut-brain axis. Preclinical research in rodents suggested that certain probiotics have antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. Effects may be mediated via the immune system or neuroendocrine systems. Herein, we present the latest literature examining the effects of the gut microbiota on depression.
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Using N-tuple Selective Mapping Method for MC-CDMA (2014)

The multi-carrier transmission signal in Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) has a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which results in nonlinear distortion and deteriorative system performance. An n-tuple selective mapping method is proposed to reduce the PAPR, in this paper. This method generates 2n sequences of an original data sequence by adding n-tuple of n PAPR control bits to it followed by an interleaver and error-control code (ECC) to reduce its PAPR. The convolutional, Golay, and Hamming codes are used as ECCs in the proposed scheme. The proposed method uses different numbers of the n PAPR control bits to accomplish a noteworthy PAPR reduction and also avoids the need for a side-information transmission. The simulation results authenticate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A similarity-driven transfer system (1992)

The transfer phase in machine translation (MT) systems has been considered to be more complicated than analysis and generation, since it is inherently a conglomeration of individual lexical rules. Currently some attempts are being made to use case-based reasoning in machine translation, that is, to make decisions on the basis of translation examples at appropriate points in MT. This paper proposes a new type of transfer system, called a Similarity-driven Transfer System (Sim Tran), for use in such case-based MT (CBMT).
Multichannel Audio Watermarking Method Suitable for Multiple Watermarks (2008)

The objective of this work is to increase the capacity of watermark information in "the audio watermarking method based on amplitude modification" which has been proposed by W. N. Lie as a prevention technique against the copyright infringement. In this conventional method, the capacity of watermark information is not enough, and it is desirable that the capacity of watermark information is increased. In this paper, we increase the capacity of watermark information by embedding multiple watermarks in the different levels of audio data independently. The proposed method has many data-channels for embedding, and hence it is possible to embed multiple watermarks by selecting proper data-channel according to required data capacity or recovery rate.
Management of Frontotemporal Dementia: Targeting Symptom Management in Such a Heterogeneous Disease Requires a Wide Range of Therapeutic Options (2011)

There are no US FDA-approved therapies for the management of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Evidence-based medicine that would support a FDA indication for the treatment of FTD requires large-scale, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that do not currently exist. Progress in obtaining approval and therapeutic indications for FTD has been severely hampered by the heterogeneity of clinical and pathological phenotypes seen in various FTD disease states. These issues are often misinterpreted by clinicians, caregivers and patients suggesting that potential treatment options are nonexistent for this devastating disease. This article discusses these issues in the context of recent studies and publications investigating therapeutic options in FTD, and further suggests a rationale for individualized therapy in FTD. Targeting the myriad of symptoms seen in FTD requires recognition of such symptoms that may play primary or secondary roles in the spectrum of deficits that lead to functional disability in FTD, and the availability of a wide range of therapeutic options that may be helpful in alleviating such symptomatology. Fortunately, agents targeting the many cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric and motor symptoms that can be seen in FTD are readily available, having been previously developed and approved for symptomatic benefit in other disease states. In contrast to the widespread belief that beneficial treatments are not available for FTD today, our therapeutic armament is stocked with pharmacological tools that may improve quality of life for those suffering from this devastating and incurable class of degenerative diseases.
A new pruning algorithm for neural network dimension analysis (2008)

The choice of network dimension is a fundamental issue in neural network applications. An optimal neural network topology not only reduces the computational complexity, but also improves its generalization capacity. In this research, a new pruning algorithm based on cross validation and sensitivity analysis is developed and compared with three existing pruning algorithms on various pattern classification problems. Computer simulation results show the network size can be significantly reduced using this new algorithm while the neural network still maintains satisfactory generalization accuracy.
High-performance packaging for monolithic microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits (1992)

Packaging schemes were developed that provide low-loss, hermetic enclosure for advanced monolithic microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits (MMICs). The package designs are based on a fused quartz substrate material that offers improved radio frequency (RF) performance through 44 gigahertz (GHz). The small size and weight of the packages make them appropriate for a variety of applications, including phased array antenna systems. Packages were designed in two forms; one for housing a single MMIC chip, the second in the form of a multi-chip phased array module. The single chip array module was developed in three separate sizes, for chips of different geometry and frequency requirements. The phased array module was developed to address packaging directly for antenna applications, and includes transmission line and interconnect structures to support multi-element operation. All packages are fabricated using fused quartz substrate materials. As part of the packaging effort, a test fixture was developed to interface the single chip packages to conventional laboratory instrumentation for characterization of the packaged devices. The package and test fixture designs were both developed in a generic sense, optimizing performance for a wide range of possible applications and devices.
Network error correction from matrix network coding (2011)

We present matrix network coding methods that are naturally amenable to a distributed implementation method, i.e., do not require the knowledge of network topology, and that are suitable for network error correction. First, the Singleton bound can be K-fold increased by employing a K × K matrix coefficient. Moreover, we prove that matrix network coding outperforms linear network coding, since it corrects more errors than linear network coding, while the amount of header overhead per packet can be kept the same by reducing the finite field size. This comes from the fact that the finite field size of matrix network coding required to guarantee the sufficient decoding probability is much smaller than linear network coding. Secondly, matrix network coding is refinable in the sense that, by receiving a larger number of network coded packets, larger error correction capabilities are achieved. Simulation results show that matrix network coding can provide 0.7 - 2[dB] more coding gain than the linear network coding schemes.
Proportional derivative control based robot arm system using Microsoft Kinect (2013)

Today, the development of manipulator robot technology is growing fast and giving good impact for human life. Application of the manipulator robot technology can help many human's tasks effectively. However, most publications in this field of interest are based on complex computation, by using mathematical model from the actual robot. This paper proposes a control system for manipulator robot using Microsoft Kinect based on proportional-derivative control algorithm (PD-control). The function of Microsoft Kinect is as a sensor that detects position of Kinect user joints. The data from Microsoft Kinect will be processed by using inverse kinematics for mapping the position of user joints to the manipulator robot. After that, position controlling for manipulator robot will be processed based on PD-control algorithm in order to obtain the position of the manipulator robot in accordance with the movement of the user. The experiments have already been successfully implemented for movement of manipulator robot with some movement patterns directed by user.
Purple SOX extraction management system (2009)

We describe the Purple SOX (PSOX) EMS, a prototype Extraction Management System currently being built at Yahoo!. The goal of the PSOX EMS is to manage a large number of sophisticated extraction pipelines across different application domains, at the web scale and with minimum human involvement. Three key value propositions are described: extensibility , the ability to swap in and out extraction operators; explainability , the ability to track the provenance of extraction results; and social feedback support , the facility for gathering and reconciling multiple, potentially conflicting sources.
Changes to amino acid composition of bloodmeal after chemical oxidation (2015)

The effect of oxidative decolouring with peracetic acid on the physical and chemical characteristics of bloodmeal proteins was investigated by assessing protein solubility, molecular weight distribution and final amino acid composition.
A Correction Model for Real-word Errors (2015)

Spell Checker is used to identify and correct mistakes made by users while writing text and the mistakes are generally spelling mistakes. An intelligent spelling correction system SMC is proposed to automatically correct spelling mistakes in text-editor or text documents using contextual information of the confused words. The system is capable to correct words belonging to the set of confused words fed into it if they are contextually wrong. In this technique, an algorithm to identify and correct real-word errors is proposed. One phase of algorithm uses trigram approach to correct spelling mistakes and the other phase of algorithm uses Bayesian approach to correct spelling mistakes. Brown corpus is used as a training set and a set of commonly confused words is used in this case. Selection of words in other phase of algorithm uses synonyms derived from dictionary in the scenario when words are not found in the corpus. Comparative analysis of the proposed approach with tribayes has also been performed to identify the accuracy of SMC. The results indicate that SMC gives higher accuracy for spelling mistakes identification and correction for the commonly confused words as compared to other spelling correction algorithms.
Control of fines suspension density in the fines loop of a continuous KCl crystallizer using transmittance measurement and an FBRM® probe (2000)

Abstract The control of crystal size distribution (CSD) is investigated in a 1.5 L laboratory cooling KCl crystallizer using fines dissolution rate as the manipulated variable. The controlled variable was either the fines suspension density in the fines withdrawal loop, measured by an innovative double‐sensor turbidity meter manufactured in‐house, or the chord length distribution (CLD) measured by the Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM®) probe (model: Par‐Tec® 100, Lasentec®, Redmond, WA). It was shown that effective control of mean crystal size and fines suspension density in the presence of setpoint and disturbance changes is feasible with both control schemes. The double sensor turbidity sensor proved to be very rugged even in the presence of insoluble clay background particles. The FBRM® probe was more sensitive and capable of detecting particle breakage and flocculation.
Sub-Optimal Control of Nonlinear Flexible Space Structures (1985)

A simple yet effective method is presented for the on-line vibration control of nonlinear distributed parameter systems, with constant or time-varying properties, responding to a wide class of dynamic environments. The control procedure uses pulse generators located at selected positions throughout a given system. The degree of system oscillation near each controller determines the controller's activation time and pulse amplitude. The direct method of Liapunov is used to establish that the response of the controlled nonlinear system is Lagrange stable. Analytical and experimental studies of a wing-like plate demonstrate the feasibility, reliability, and robustness of the proposed vibration-suppression method.
Workload adaptation in autonomic DBMSs (2006)

Workload adaptation is a performance management process in which an autonomic database management system (DBMS) efficiently makes use of its resources by filtering or controlling the workload presented to it in order to meet its Service Level Objectives (SLOs). This paper presents a framework and a prototype implementation of a query scheduler that performs workload adaptation in a DBMS. The system manages multiple classes of queries to meet their performance goals by allocating DBMS resources through admission control in the presence of workload fluctuation. The resource allocation plan is derived by maximizing the objective function that encapsulates the performance goals of all classes and their importance to the business. A first-principle performance model is used to predict the performance under the new resource allocation plan. Experiments with IBM® DB2® Universal Database™ are conducted to show the effectiveness of the framework.
Ultra-high-Silica ZSM-5 Zeolites: Synthesis and Properties (2008)

ZSM zeolites with silica ratios of 100–260 were synthesized with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) as the structure former. IR spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction identified the products with ZSM-5 zeolites with more than 90% crystallinity. The unit cell parameters, specific surface area, and morphology were determined for zeolite samples. The composition of precursor alumina—silica gel was shown to influence the physicochemical characteristics of zeolites.
Risk factors and kinetics of thrombocytopenia associated with bortezomib for relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma (2005)

Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor with efficacy in multiple myeloma, is associated with thrombocytopenia, the cause and kinetics of which are different from those of standard cytotoxic agents. We assessed the frequency, kinetics, and mechanism of thrombocytopenia following treatment with bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 in 228 patients with relapsed and/or refractory myeloma in 2 phase 2 trials. The mean platelet count decreased by approximately 60% during treatment but recovered rapidly between treatments in a cyclic fashion. Among responders, the pretreatment platelet count increased significantly during subsequent cycles of therapy. The mean percent reduction in platelets was independent of baseline platelet count, M-protein concentration, and marrow plasmacytosis. Plasma thrombopoietin levels inversely correlated with platelet count. Murine studies demonstrated a reduction in peripheral platelet count following a single bortezomib dose without negative effects on megakaryocytic cellularity, ploidy, or morphology. These data suggest that bortezomib-induced thrombocytopenia is due to a reversible effect on megakaryocytic function rather than a direct cytotoxic effect on megakaryocytes or their progenitors. The exact mechanism underlying bortezomib-induced thrombocytopenia remains unknown but it is unlikely to be related to marrow injury or decreased thrombopoietin production.
The Use of Iron-oxide Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment and Simultaneous MRI Monitoring (2009)

The overall goal of this project was to investigate the simultaneous use of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer treatment using hyperthermia as well as contrast agents that will allow MRI visualization of the particles within the tumor. Following characterization of the particles for use as both a therapeutic and MRI diagnostic agent, a strategy was designed for using MNPs in localized hyperthermia treatment of tumors; where MRI is used to both confirm the tumor uptake of the particles and as a tool to monitor the temperature changes in the tumor tissue during hyperthermia treatment.
Note on the Odds Ratio and the Probability Ratio (2000)

This note compares the odds ratio with the probability ratio (relative risk). These quantities arise, for example, in the analysis of educational and social science data by means of logistic regression.
Electro-oxidation of Formic Acid on Highly Dispersed Platinum and Perchlorate Doped Polypyrrole Electrodes (2001)

Cyclic voltammetry combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were utilized to explore the kinetic of the electro-oxidation of formic acid on dispersed platinum and perchlorate doped polypyrrole film electrodes. Experimental conditions for the preparation of the electrocatalytic system were determined. Results strongly suggest the doping effect on the reaction mechanism.
Receptor Sites for R-type Pyocins and Bacteriophage E79 in the Core Part of the Lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC1 (1978)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
SiGe bulk crystal as a lattice-matched substrate to GaAs for solar cell applications (2000)

SiGe bulk crystal fabricated by a multicomponent zone-melting method was used as a substrate for epitaxial growth of GaAs. Compared with conventional GaAs/Ge heterostructure, the lattice mismatch of GaAs/Si0.022Ge0.978 was confirmed to be reduced by a decrease of the peak separation of (400) x-ray diffraction from the epitaxial GaAs layer and the substrate. Furthermore, the linewidth of the rocking curve of GaAs on SiGe was found to be narrower than that of GaAs on Ge. These results show that SiGe is promising material as an alternative substrate to Ge for realization of exactly lattice-matched GaAs/SiGe solar cells.