gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Empirical Indoor Relative Humidity Models with Measured Data (2008)

The focus of this study is to examine the reliability of models that are available in the open literature for simulating the interior moisture conditions, comparing the predicted interior relative humidity (RH) to measured data. Four models, for predicting the indoor RH in houses are tested against measured RH data for 25 houses. The models considered are primarily developed as design tools. The models tested are the European Indoor Class Model, the BRE model, and the ASHRAE 160P simple and intermediate models. The RH in each house is measured in two different locations producing 50 data sets. The ASHRAE intermediate model seemed to be the most robust exhibiting lower errors when compared to measured data. The European Indoor Class also performed well and can be used when data regarding moisture generation and/or air change rates is not available. As a design tool, however, it is not universally conservative in estimating the indoor RH. The BRE is problematic and generally exhibits large positive errors for most of the houses surveyed. It is found to be not reliable for the North American houses investigated in the comparisons. The ASHRAE simple model also exhibited large positive errors and does not trend well with the measured conditions. Models that greatly overestimate the design loads should be used with caution as they may lead to complicated inefficient designs.
Complete Genome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. <i>cremoris</i> UC509.9, Host for a Model Lactococcal P335 Bacteriophage (2013)

Here, we report the complete genome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris UC509.9, an Irish dairy starter. The circular chromosome of L. lactis UC509.9 represents the smallest among those of the sequenced lactococcal strains, while its large complement of eight plasmids appears to be a reflection of its adaptation to the dairy environment.
Towards a Centralized Scheduling Framework for Communication Flows in Distributed Systems (2009)

The overall performance of a distributed system is highly dependent on the communication efficiency of the system. Although network resources (links, bandwidth) are becoming increasingly more available, the communication performance of data transfers involving large volumes of data does not necessarily improve at the same rate. This is due to the inefficient usage of the available network resources. A solution to this problem consists of data transfer scheduling techniques, which manage and allocate the network resources in an efficient manner. In this paper we present several online and offline data transfer optimization techniques, in the context of a centrally controlled distributed system.
Modelling the human epidermis in vitro: tools for basic and applied research (2006)

Culture models of tissues and organs are valuable tools developed by basic research that help investigation of the body functions. Modelling is aimed at simplifying experimental procedures in order to better understand biological phenomena, and consequently, when sufficiently characterized, culture models can also be utilized with high potential in applied research. In skin biology and pathology, the development of cultures of keratinocytes as monolayers has allowed the elucidation of most functional and structural characteristics of the cell type. Beside the multiple great successes that have been obtained with this type of culture, this review draws attention on several neglected characteristics of monolayer cultures. The more sophisticated models created in order to reconstruct the fully differentiated epidermis have followed the monolayers. The epidermal reconstruction produces all typical layers found in vivo and thus makes the model much less simple, but only this kind of model allows the study of full differentiation in keratinocyte and production of the cornified barrier. In addition to its interest in basic research, the reconstructed epidermis is currently gaining a lot of interest for applied research, particularly as an alternative to laboratory animals in the chemical and cosmetic industry. Today several commercial providers propose reconstructed skin or epidermis, but in vitro assays on these materials are still under development. In order to be beneficial at long term, the validation of assays must be performed on a material whose availability will not be interrupted. We warn here providers and customers that the longevity of in vitro assays will be guaranteed only if these assays are done with well-described models, prepared according to published procedures, and must consider having a minimum of two independent simultaneous producers of similar material.
정신장애인인을 위한 병원에서의 정신사회재활 프로그램의 적용사례 (2007)

정신사회재활은 정신장애를 가진 환자가 다양한, 주거, 학습, 작업환경에서 요구되는 역할을 해내기 위해서는 사회기술과 환경적지지가 필요하며. 임상적인 측면에서 정신장애 환자에게 사회기술을 가르치고 생활환경을 지지지적으로 변화시킴으로서 자신의 선택한 구체적인 역할을 보다 잘 할 수 있도록 돕는 것이다. 즉 정신장애를 감소시키거나 보상함으로써 환자의 핸디캡을 줄일 수있도록 개입 목표와 전략을 가진다. 이러한 정신사회재활은 다양한 전문가들의 개입이 필요하며, 전문가는 의사, 사회사업가, 심리사, 직업재활 상담가, 직업치료사, 예술치료전문가, 보조치료사 등이 있다. 정신사회재활의 개입은 장애를 가진 사람들의 둘러쌓인 환경적인 측면과 심리적, 사회적, 기능의 평가와 개인의 욕구와 목표를 세우고 접근 해 나가야한다. 병원에서부터 지역사회에 이르기까지 환자의 강점을 살려 결손된 기능장애를 회복하도록 돕는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문은 병원에서 실시하고 있는 정신장애를 가진 사람들의 재활과 사회복귀를 위한 다양한 프로그램과 개입의 필요성을 용인정신병원재활센터를 중심으로 소개하였으며, 환자 중심에서 개인의 욕구에 맞는 프로그램이 단계별 지속적으로 이루어져 결손과 장애를 극복할 수 있는 사례를 소개하였다. 병원에서의 약물치료와 다양한 정신사회재활 프로그램을 통해 심리사회적 기능 향상을 시키고 사회적응과 독립적인 삶을 통해 삶의 질을 향상시키는 치료적 개입되었다. 또한 다양한 전문가의 다양한 시각에서 정신장애인의 사회적 삶의 질의 향상을 위해 개입이 지역사회의 어려움을 극복해 나갈 수 있도록 하였으며, 병 자체의 특성에 따라 나타나는 기능(function)의 저하는 상당히 긴 기간을 통해 지속적인 관리와 개입이 요구되어짐을 알 수 있다. (임상미술치료학연구 2007;2(1):45-52)
Phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of erenumab (amg 334) in migraine prevention: primary results of the strive trial (2017)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the efficacy and safety/tolerability of erenumab (AMG 334) in a phase 3 trial of subjects with episodic migraine (EM) (NCT02456740). <h3>Methods</h3> In this multinational, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults with EM (n=955) were randomised 1:1:1 to subcutaneous monthly placebo or erenumab 70 mg or 140 mg for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in mean monthly migraine days (MMDs) over weeks 13-24. Secondary endpoints were ≥50% reduction in MMDs; change in mean acute migraine-specific medication days; change in mean Physical Impairment (PI) and Impact on Everyday Activities (EA) scores (as measured by the Migraine Physical Function Impact Diary (MPFID)). P-values for pairwise comparisons of each erenumab dose with placebo are presented. Statistical significance was determined after adjustment for multiple comparisons. <h3>Results</h3> Subjects reported 8.3 MMDs at baseline and experienced −3.2, −3.7, and −1.8 day reductions in the 70 mg, 140 mg and placebo groups, respectively (p<0.001 for both). A≥50% reduction in MMDs was achieved by 43%, 50% and 27% in the 70 mg, 140 mg and placebo groups (p<0.001 for both), and monthly acute migraine-specific medication days were reduced by −1.1, −1.6 and −0.2 days (p<0.001 for both). Subjects had improved PI scores (−4.2, −4.8, −2.4 points in the 70 mg, 140 mg and placebo groups; p<0.001) and EA scores (−5.5, −5.9 and −3.3 points; p<0.001). The safety/tolerability profile of erenumab was similar to placebo; subjects most frequently reported nasopharyngitis, upper-respiratory-tract infection, and sinusitis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Erenumab 70 mg and 140 mg significantly reduced migraine frequency and use of migraine-specific medications, reducing migraine’s impact on physical impairment and EA compared with placebo in this EM trial. Numerically greater efficacy was observed for the 140 mg dose consistently across all endpoints.
Far-field patterns of spaceborne antennas from plane-polar near-field measurements (1985)

Certain unique features of a recently constructed plane-polar near-field measurement facility for determining the far-field patterns of large and fragile spaceborne antennas are described. In this facility, the horizontally positioned antenna rotates about its axis while the measuring probe is advanced incrementally in a fixed radial direction. The near-field measured data is then processed using a Jacobi-Bessel expansion to obtain the antenna far fields. A summary of the measurement and computational steps is given. Comparisons between the outdoor far-field measurements and the constructed far-field patterns from the near-field measured data are provided for different antenna sizes and frequencies. Application of the substitution method for the absolute gain measurement is discussed. In particular, results are shown for the 4.8-m mesh-deployable high-gain antenna of the Galileo spacecraft which has the mission of orbiting Jupiter in 1988.
Polygene-based evolution (2012)

In this paper, we introduce polygene-based evolution, a novel framework for evolutionary algorithms (EAs) that features distinctive operations in the evolution process. In traditional EAs, the primitive evolution unit is gene, where genes are independent components during evolution. In polygene-based evolutionary algorithms (PGEAs), the evolution unit is polygene, i.e., a set of co-regulated genes. Discovering and maintaining quality polygenes can play an effective role in evolving quality individuals. Polygenes generalize genes, and PGEAs generalize EAs. Implementing the PGEA framework involves three phases: polygene discovery, polygene planting, and polygene-compatible evolution. Extensive experiments on function optimization benchmarks in comparison with the conventional and state-of-the-art EAs demonstrate the potential of the approach in accuracy and efficiency improvement.
La aplicación del marketing en la archivística : por qué, cómo y para qué (2001)

La presente ponencia tiene como objetivo, crear conciencia entre los Archiveros sobre la necesidad y factibilidad de aplicar las tecnicas y conocimientos del marketing desarrollados por las nuevas tendencias administrativas, a las actividades propias de la Archivistica. Asimismo, establecer los conceptos mas importantes del marketing que pueden ser adoptados por la tecnica Archivistica, y, de otro lado, establecer la urgencia de lograr un cambio y de adoptar las herramientas que pone a nuestra disposicion la administracion moderna a traves de las tecnicas del marketing y de la calidad total.
Isomérisation photochimique de systèmes polyéniques (1964)

Abstract
Studies on the Tobacco constituents. II (1940)

ニコチン誘導體の研究の爲に先づその酸化成績物として容易く得られるニコチン酸の誘導體,就中種種の醫藥を含むニコチン酸アミド類(I),ニコチン酸エステル類(II),ニコチン酸メチルエステル-N-ハロゲンアルキル類(III)を合成しその若干の性質を試驗した.(A=Alky1; X=Halogen)
Recent developments in tuberculosis vaccines (2005)

Today, most of the world's population is vaccinated with BCG. It is generally accepted that BCG protects against childhood TB but this immunity wanes with age, resulting in no or insufficient protection against TB. Using modern techniques, several research groups have developed more than 200 new vaccine candidates. Some of these vaccines are now in clinical trials. The clinical evaluation of these new vaccines should be designed to cover a heterogeneous population with great variation in immune responses.
The direct synthesis of phospho <i>enol</i> pyruvate from pyruvate by <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1967)

Abstract Extracts of Escherichia coli are shown to contain an enzyme system which in the presence of Mg2+ catalyses the direct formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate and ATP with concomitant formation of AMP and inorganic phosphate. This enzyme, which has been designated 'phosphoenolpyruvate synthase' (PEP-synthase) has been purified 80-fold and is free of pyruvate kinase activity; PEP synthesis proceeded most rapidly at pH 8 to 8.5. At pH values between 6.2 and 7.5 the enzyme can catalyse the formation of ATP and pyruvate from PEP, AMP and inorganic phosphate; if arsenate is used instead of phosphate, pyruvate andADP are produced instead. Studies of the enzymic formation ofPEP with ATP specifically labelled with 32P, and of the reverse reaction with [U-14C]AMP, suggest that the PEP-synthase reaction involves the transfer of a pyrophosphoryl-group. The physiological role of PEP-synthase has been demonstrated with mutants of E. coli devoid of the enzyme: in contrast to wild-type organisms, such mutants neither grow on pyruvate, lactate or alanine, nor form glycogen from lactate. It is thus concluded that PEP-synthase plays an important role in the anaplerotic and the biosynthetic reactions which enable the organisms to grow on pyruvate as sole carbon source.
Ultrasensitive Radioimmunoassay of Prostate-Specific Antigen (1992)

We describe a modification of the Yang Pros-check radioimmunoassay for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) that increases the analytical sensitivity of the assay approximately threefold (from a working range of 0.3-50 to 0.1-1.2 micrograms/L). It can detect PSA added to zero-concentration diluent (bovine serum albumin solution) at 0.10 microgram/L or added to zero-concentration control female serum at 0.20 microgram/L (P less than 0.05). In 26 patients tested after cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer (who had normal prostates without cancer on histologic examination), PSA values by this ultrasensitive assay were all less than 0.10 microgram/L. Therefore, we propose this value as the upper limit of the 95% reference interval. In a retrospective study of two patients who developed recurrent prostate cancer, serum PSA values increased above the 0.1 microgram/L detection limit 175 and 581 days before increasing above the 0.3 microgram/L detection limit of the standard Yang assay. This ultrasensitive radioimmunoassay of PSA should prove more useful than current methods for detecting early recurrence of prostate cancer.
Epidemiologic features of rapidly progressing breast cancer in Tunisia (1980)

A form of breast cancer characterized by rapid disease progression, inflammation, and edema is found in approximately 55% of the breast cancer patients presenting at the Institute Salah Azaiz, Tunis (Tunisia). In 581 patients seen between January 1, 1969, and December 31, 1974, we examined age, place of residence, reproductive history, delay in seeking treatment, and blood gropu as potential risk factors to determine the distinction between the rapidly progressing disease and the less aggressive form. Rural residence, blood type A, and recent pregnancy are risk factors among premenopausal women, but older age, rural residence, blood type A, late menarche, and delay in diagnosis are associated with postmenopausal rapidly progressing breast cancer. The most significant risk factors were rural residence and blood type A. Rapidly progressing breast cancer was diagnosed in two of every three breast cancer patients coming from a rural environment. Forty-three percent of 203 patients with rapid disease progression were blood type A, a significantly higher percentage than the 33% found in the general Tunisian population and the breast cancer patients without evidence of rapidly progressive disease. We observed that the risk factors for disease progression were quite different from those reported to influence the incidence of breast cancer.
Endothelial Progenitor Cells (2003)

Vascular endothelial cells form a lining — one cell thick — for all the blood vessels in the body, providing a critical interface between the vessel itself and blood-borne elements. From this location, the endothelium regulates a host of essential processes on both sides, by means of molecular signals expressed on its surface or released into the environment. In the normal state, vascular endothelium presents a nonadhesive surface to circulating leukocytes and platelets while helping to prevent the clotting of blood. In response to specific stimuli, however, the endothelium changes rapidly, providing signals that effectively orchestrate the recruitment of these . . .
Aminophospholipid translocase and phospholipid scramblase activities in sickle erythrocyte subpopulations (2009)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization may contribute to Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) characteristics including thrombogenesis, endothelial adhesion and shortened red blood cell (RBC) lifespan. Aminophospholipid translocase (APLT) returns externalized PS to the inner membrane, and phospholipid scramblase (PLSCR) equilibrates phospholipids (PL) across the membrane. APLT inhibition and PLSCR activation appear to be important for PS externalization. We examined relationships between APLT, PLSCR and external PS in mature sickle RBC and reticulocytes. Normally-hydrated sickle RBC without external PS had active APLT and inactive PLSCR. PS-exposing sickle RBC had inhibited APLT and active PLSCR. Sickle reticulocytes had active APLT and active PLSCR independent of external PS. Sickle RBC dehydrated in vivo had the highest proportion of PS-exposing RBC and markedly inhibited APLT. Normal and sickle RBC dehydrated in vitro had moderately decreased APLT. Rehydration resulted in significant recovery of APLT in RBC previously dehydrated in vitro, but not in sickle RBC dehydrated in vivo. These findings indicate that (i) PS externalization in mature sickle RBC depends on the balance between APLT and PLSCR activities, (ii) PS externalization in sickle reticulocytes depends primarily on PLSCR activation and (iii) APLT inhibition in sickle RBC dehydrated in vivo is due to dehydration itself and other factors.
Atomic-signal-based zero field finding technique for unshielded laser-pumped atomic magnetometer (2012)

We described a novel technique that can find the zero-field for unshielded laser-pumped atomic magnetometer using atomic signal itself. By comparing light density of pump beam after atomic vapor cell, it is decided which direction to move the compensation magnetic field and whether to increase or decrease the converging step length. The zero-field is found in less than 18s and the step length after converging is smaller than 10nT, 10nT and 40nT for x, y and z axes, respectively, limited by 50Hz noise in the lab environment.
Effect of fabrication and processing technology on the biodegradability of magnesium nanocomposites (2013)

Magnesium and its alloys have gained significant attention recently as potential alternatives for biodegradable materials due to their unique biodegradability, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. However, magnesium alloys tend to have high corrosion rates in biological liquids, thus presenting a potential problem if a magnesium implant/device needs to maintain mechanical integrity for a sufficient period under practical physiological conditions. In this study, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were used to form magnesium based metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNC) through two processes: friction stir processing (FSP) and a two-state nanoprocessing (TSnP) combining liquid state ultrasonic processing and solid state FSP. In addition, laser surface melting (LSM) was carried out for further surface treatment. In vitro immersion tests indicated that the corrosion rate of MMNC decreased by 52% compared with pure Mg through FSP. Potentiodynamic polarization tests showed that the corrosion current of MMNC decreased by 71% and 30%, respectively, by TSnP and LSM when compared with pure Mg or untreated counterparts. This study suggests that fabrication of MMNC and further processing through FSP and LSM can robustly enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium, which will boost its potential for biological applications.
Fuzzy cellular neural networks: applications (2002)

Fuzzy cellular neural networks (FCNN) are novel classes of cellular neural networks. In this paper, some typical applications of FCNN are presented, such as gray-scale mathematical morphology and fuzzy inference edge detection. FCNN is a generalization of CNN by using fuzzy operations in the synaptic law calculation allowing us to implement the low level information processing capability of CNNs with the high level information processing capability, such as image understanding, of fuzzy systems. The FCNN structures are based on the uncertainties in human cognitive processes and in modeling neural systems, and provide an interface between the human expert and the classical CNN.
MECHANISTIC BASIS OF INDIVIDUAL MORTALITY IN PACIFIC SALMON DURING SPAWNING MIGRATIONS (2006)

Reproductive-based migration is a challenging period for many animals, but particularly for Pacific salmonids, which must navigate from the high seas to freshwater natal streams. For the first time, we attempt to answer the question as to why some migratory adult Pacific salmon die en route to spawning grounds. Summer-run sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) were used as a model, and the migration behavior of 301 fish was followed by intercepting them in the ocean about 215 km from the mouth of the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada, and implanting a gastric radio transmitter. Before release, telemetered fish were also bio-sampled, which included drawing a blood sample, collecting a gill biopsy, and quantifying energetic status with a microwave energy meter. We tested the predictions that the fish that died prematurely would be characterized by low energy reserves, advanced reproductive development, elevated indicators of stress, and low osmoregulatory preparedness compared with fish that completed their river migration. Just over half (52.3%) of the sockeye tagged were subsequently detected in the Fraser River. Salmon that failed to enter the river had exhibited indicators of stress (e.g., elevated plasma lactate, glucose, and cortisol). Contrary to our prediction, fish that failed to enter the river tended to have higher gross somatic energy and be larger at the time of sampling in the ocean than fish that successfully entered the river. Of the fish that were detected in the river (i.e., 134 fish excluding fishery removals), 9.7% did not migrate beyond the lower reaches (approximately 250 km from ocean), and a further 14.2% reached the upper reaches but failed to reach natal sub-watersheds, whereas the remainder (76.1%) reached natal sub-watersheds. Of these, fish unsuccessful in the lower reaches tended to have a high plasma osmolality in the ocean, whereas fish failing in the upper reaches had lower levels of reproductive hormones in the ocean.
Improved Procedures for Purification of the <i>Bandeiraea simplicifolia</i> I Isolectins and <i>Bandeiraea simplicifolia</i> II Lectin by Affinity Chromatography (1980)

Bandeiraea simplicifolia plant seeds contain a family of five alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-binding isolectins (BS I-A4, A3B, A2B2, AB3, B4) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-binding lectin (BS II). After Pi/NaCl extraction and ammonium sulfate fractionation BS II is specifically adsorbed onto p-aminobenzyl-1-thio-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide-succinylaminohexylaminyl--Sepharose-4B. The BS I isolectins pass through this column and BS II is selectively eluted by Pi/NaCl containing 2 mM N-acetyl-D-glucosamine or by 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer pH 3.6. The material not bound to the column is loaded onto p-aminophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-succinylaminohexylaminyl--Sepharose-4B. BS I-A4 is specifically eluted in a sharp peak with Pi/NaCl containing 1 mM N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Then, BS I-A3B, A2B2, AB3 and B4 are selectively eluted, in a single peak for each isolectin. with Pi/NaCl containing 2 mM, 8 mM, 15 mM and 50 mM methyl alpha-D-galactopyranoside, respectively.