gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A nano-scale quantum dot photodetector by self-assembly (2005)

Modern CMOS transistors will not scale well in the next decade due to leakage currents, sources of variation, and platform requirements. To keep the cost per transistor decreasing, and to realize the feasibility of ultra-high density integrated circuits, low power techniques and efficiency optimization are being explored to counter these problems. Parallel to the development of electronic VLSI, using photons as a means of carrying information has been an appealing approach, due to the high speed and broad bandwidth of light, and the elimination of on-chip parasitic and electro-magnetic interference as its electronic counterpart. This paper focuses on photonic integrated circuits to solve the high-density problem, and presents a design for a nano-scale QD optical transducer (QDOT) that will function as a near-field photodetector and that can easily interface into a self- assembled QD integrated circuit (QDIC). The optical transducer consists of a QD between two metal electrodes. The tunneling current between the metal electrodes is mediated by the QD and can be gated by changing the optical signal intensity impinging on the QD. The device can be fabricated via self-assembly using QDs. In this method, a chemistry linker such as DNA or APTES is covalently bound to pre- defined zones on a substrate. The global location of these zones is defined via electron-beam lithography (EBL). Numerical simulations are discussed and ideal characteristics of the device are presented.
Low-Noise, Low DC Power Linear FET (1992)

A two-tone third-order output intercept point (OIP3) of 45 dBm has been achieved at 10 GHz with a 280-μm GaAs MBE FET using only 248 mW of DC bias giving an OIP3/P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dc</sub> ratio of 128. Noise figure at that bias and tuning was 3.23 dB. Minimum noise figure of the same device was 1.43 dB.
Loss of fragile histidine triad gene expression is associated with progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not with the patient's prognosis and smoking history (2000)

BACKGROUND Recently, fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene abnormality has been thought to be associated with several malignancies and smoking history. The authors previously discovered that methylation of the 5′ CpG island of the FHIT gene was closely associated with transcriptional inactivation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); however, the clinical impact of the FHIT gene in esophageal carcinoma is still unknown. METHODS In this article, the authors evaluated the clinical impact of the FHIT gene in 149 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients retrospectively using immunohistochemical analysis. They also examined the correlation between FHIT protein expression and smoking history. RESULTS Among 149 curative resection (R0) cases of esophageal SCC, normal FHIT protein expression was noted in only 33 cases (22.1%), whereas reduced FHIT protein expression was noted in 67 cases and there was no FHIT expression in 50 cases. When a tumor invaded the muscle layer, FHIT protein expression was markedly reduced. The cases with reduction or loss of FHIT protein expression tended to have poor prognoses (P = 0.069). However, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that FHIT protein reduction had no relation to prognosis. FHIT protein expression had no relation to smoking history. CONCLUSIONS FHIT protein expression was associated with progression of esophageal SCC, however, it may not be associated with the patient's prognosis and smoking history. Cancer 2000;89:5–11. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
P<scp>emphigus</scp> V<scp>ulgaris:</scp> U<scp>pdate on</scp> E<scp>tiopathogenesis,</scp> O<scp>ral</scp> M<scp>anifestations, and</scp> M<scp>anagement</scp> (2002)

Pemphigus is a group of potentially life-threatening diseases characterized by cutaneous and mucosal blistering. There is a fairly strong genetic background to pemphigus with linkage to HLA class II alleles. Certain ethnic groups, such as Ashkenazi Jews and those of Mediterranean origin, are especially liable to pemphigus. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), the most common and important variant, is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized by circulating pathogenic IgG antibodies against desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), about half the patients also having Dsg1 autoantibodies. Oral lesions are initially vesiculobullous but readily rupture, new bullae developing as the older ones rupture and ulcerate. Biopsy of perilesional tissue, with histological and immunostaining examinations, is essential to the diagnosis. Serum autoantibodies to either Dsg1 or Dsg3 are best detected by both normal human skin and monkey esophagus or by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Before the introduction of corticosteroids, pemphigus vulgaris was typically fatal mainly from dehydration or secondary systemic infections. Current treatment is largely based on systemic immunosuppression using systemic corticosteroids, with azathioprine, dapsone, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and gold as adjuvants or alternatives, but mycophenolate mofetil and intravenous immunoglobulins also appear promising.
Tag, You're It Radar Cross Section of Chipless RFID Tags (2016)

Mass deployment of RF identification (RFID) is hindered by its cost per tag. The main cost comes from the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chip set in a tag. A chipless tag costs less than a cent, and these have the potential for mass deployment for low-cost, item-level tagging as the replacement technology for optical barcodes. Chipless RFID tags can be directly printed on paper or plastic packets just like barcodes. They are highly useful for automatic identification and authentication, supply-chain automation, and medical applications. Among their potential industrial applications are authenticating of polymer bank notes; scanning of credit cards, library cards, and the like; tracking of inventory in retail settings; and identification of pathology and other medical test samples.
THE SPECTRUM KERNEL: A STRING KERNEL FOR SVM PROTEIN CLASSIFICATION (2001)

We introduce a new sequence-similarity kernel, the spectrum kernel, for use with support vector machines (SVMs) in a discriminative approach to the protein classification problem. Our kernel is conceptually simple and efficient to compute and, in experiments on the SCOP database, performs well in comparison with state-of-the-art methods for homology detection. Moreover, our method produces an SVM classifier that allows linear time classification of test sequences. Our experiments provide evidence that string-based kernels, in conjunction with SVMs, could offer a viable and computationally efficient alternative to other methods of protein classification and homology detection.
Polariton Bose–Einstein condensate at room temperature in an Al(Ga)N nanowire–dielectric microcavity with a spatial potential trap (2013)

A spatial potential trap is formed in a 6.0-μm Al(Ga)N nanowire by varying the Al composition along its length during epitaxial growth. The polariton emission characteristics of a dielectric microcavity with the single nanowire embedded in-plane have been studied at room temperature. Excitation is provided at the Al(Ga)N end of the nanowire, and polariton emission is observed from the lowest bandgap GaN region within the potential trap. Comparison of the results with those measured in an identical microcavity with a uniform GaN nanowire and having an identical exciton-photon detuning suggests evaporative cooling of the polaritons as they are transported into the trap in the Al(Ga)N nanowire. Measurement of the spectral characteristics of the polariton emission, their momentum distribution, first-order spatial coherence, and time-resolved measurements of polariton cooling provides strong evidence of the formation of a near-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate in the GaN region of the nanowire at room temperature. In contrast, the condensate formed in the uniform GaN nanowire-dielectric microcavity without the spatial potential trap is only in self-equilibrium.
Cell Replication in the Arterial Wall (1998)

This study examined intracellular signal events of arterial cells following balloon catheter injury to rat carotid artery. Within 30 minutes, a marked increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) activity was observed. This activity remained elevated for 12 hours but had decreased to control levels by day 1. No increase in ERK1/2 was detected at any later times. Injection of anti-fibroblast growth factor 2 antibody (60 mg i.v.) significantly inhibited the activation of ERK1/2 at 30 minutes after the injury. PD98059 (80 micromol/L), a selective inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase-1 (MEK1), decreased ERK1/2 activity in injured arteries and also reduced the medial cell replication. In contrast, PD98059 did not block the intimal cell replication at day 8. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) was expressed within hours after injury but only weakly at later times; MKP-1 was again expressed after 7 and 14 days. The expression of MKP-1 was associated with an activation of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase. Injury to the arterial wall also stimulated the activity of p70 S6 kinase from 30 minutes to 12 hours, suggesting an alternative pathway in mitogenic signaling of early cell replication. These findings demonstrate that fibroblast growth factor 2-induced ERK1/2 activation promotes medial cell replication after balloon injury; however, signaling of intimal cell replication may not be linked to the MEK1-dependent ERK pathway.
Crystal Engineering of the Composition of Pharmaceutical Phases. Do Pharmaceutical Co‐Crystals Represent a New Path to Improved Medicines? (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Thermodynamics of biochemical reactions (2003)

Preface. Chapter 1. Introduction to Apparent Equilibrium Constants. Chapter 2. Structure of Thermodynamics. Chapter 3. Chemical Equilibrium in Aqueous Solutions. Chapter 4. Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions at Specified pH. Chapter 5. Matrices in Chemical and Biochemical Thermodynamics. Chapter 6. Systems of Biochemical Reactions. Chapter 7. Thermodynamics of Binding of the Ligands by Proteins. Chapter 8. Phase Equilibrium in Aqueous Systems. Chapter 9. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. Chapter 10. Calorimetry of Biochemical Reactions. Chapter 11. Use of Semigrand Partition Functions. Glossary. References.
Selective Catalysis and Nanoscience: An Inseparable Pair (2007)

Selective catalysts can be considered as nanomachines designed to perform the synthesis of molecules with high reaction activity and high selectivity. These properties arise from a precise control of the structure of the active sites, of the three-dimensional environment and of their relationship. In both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts the active site three-dimensional environment ensemble is always a complex structure resembling the tuneable structure of enzymes, which are the most efficient catalysts optimized by nature over billions of years. To illustrate this concept the structure of a few homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for alkenes hydrogenation and for olefin polymerization are chosen and discussed as examples.
Kapati Time: Storytelling as a Data Collection Method in Indigenous Research (2017)

Volume: 22/ 2017 | Publication Collection: Northern Institute - Learning Communities: International Journal of Learning in Social Contexts | Read the full record details for Publication: Kapati Time: Storytelling as a Data Collection Method in Indigenous Research
Advanced Function Printing: A tutorial (1988)

Advanced Function Printing (AFP) is an IBM product for printing mixed text, image, and graphics in a system-printing environment. Described is the AFP printing model. We demonstrate the way in which this model is used for existing printing applications, enhanced line printing, and full advanced-function printing.
High-frequency excess in the radio continuum spectrum of the type-1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 985 (2016)

Abstract The Seyfert galaxy NGC 985 is known to show a high-frequency excess in its radio continuum spectrum at a milli-Jansky level on the basis of previous observations at 1.4–15 GHz; a steep spectrum at low frequencies (a spectral index, α = −1.10 ± 0.03) changes at ∼10 GHz into an inverted spectrum at higher frequencies (α = +0.86 ± 0.09). We conduct new observations at 15–43 GHz using the Very Large Array and at 100 GHz using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array. As a result, the high-frequency excess has been confirmed as continuing at even higher radio frequencies, up to 43 GHz. The non-detection at 100 GHz was not so strong a constraint, and therefore the spectral behavior above 43 GHz remains unclear. The astrometric position of the high-frequency excess component coincides with the optical position of the Seyfert nucleus and the low-frequency radio position to an accuracy of 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$1, corresponding to ∼80 pc; the radio source size is constrained to be &lt;0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$02, corresponding to &lt;16 pc. We discuss the physical origin of the observed high-frequency excess component. Dust emission at the Rayleigh–Jeans regime, free–free emission from X-ray radiating high-temperature plasma, free–free emission from the ensemble of broad-line region clouds, or thermal synchrotron from hot accretion flow cannot be responsible for the observed radio flux. Compact jets under synchrotron self-absorption may be unlikely in terms of observed time scales. Alternatively, we cannot rule out the hypotheses of synchrotron jets free–free absorbed by a circumnuclear photo-ionized region, and self-absorbed nonthermal synchrotron from disk corona, as the origin of the high-frequency excess component.
Robotic approach to textile preforming for composites (2008)

Technical textiles offer high-value engineering applications for the traditional textile sector which is generally viewed as a low-cost and high-volume commodity industry. This paper reviews the application of textiles in fibre-reinforced composites and identifies key challenges to the textile industry in order to serve this market. While traditional textile machinery may be adopted for producing 2D broadcloth reinforcements, novel machines/machine modifications are necessary for producing 3D textile preforms. In this paper, a robotic approach to 3D textile preforming has also been proposed.
New Approach to the Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing in Non-acidic Aqueous Solutions. (2001)

A new nuclear fuel reprocessing method based on the anodic dissolution of spent fuels in aqueous alkaline solutions (Na2CO3-NaHCO3) has been proposed. Experiments of the anodic dissolution were performed by using a simulated spent fuel in a Na2CO3-NaHCO3 solution. Uranyl ions produced anodically were present in the solution as stable carbonato complexes, and at the same time, most of the simulated fission products (FP) were precipitated as hydroxo or carbonate compounds. Under this condition, Cs of an alkali metal group was dissolved in the solution and precipitated by adding sodium tetraphenylborate. Uranyl ion was recovered as hydroxo compounds by adding NaOH to the solution after removing precipitates of the simulated FP. In view of waste disposal, 99Tc having a long half-life should be removed. Precipitation behavior of Tc(VII) was examined by using Re(VII) as a simulant of Tc(VII). It was found that Re(VII) species are completely removed as a precipitate by adding tetraphenylphosphonium chloride. A large amount of Na used in the present method was recovered as NaHCO3 by blowing CO2 into alkaline solutions. As a result, it was clarified that the proposed method is fundamentally possible as a new reprocessing method.
A novel temporal error concealment framework for H.264 over wireless networks (2013)

Video transmission over wireless networks suffers from packet loss due to either packet drop or fading-induced bit errors. Temporal error concealment (EC) is an useful video coding technique to recover the errors in video transmission. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for temporal EC for H.264 over wireless networks. The proposed framework combines the properties of Inter Mode in H.264 Inter frame and motion inpainting in the computer vision community. In the framework, modes of the correctly received surrounding blocks of the corrupted macroblocks (MBs) are checked first. Then, according to the modes, we divide into four EC methods to conceal the corrupted MBs , which include 4 × 4 blocks motion inpainting, 8 × 8 blocks motion inpainting, the boundary matching algorithm and zero motion vector (MV) based EC method. Experimental results on several videos show that the proposed method has good objective and subjective video quality performance, whilst also being with low computation cost.
Amino acid sequence of a porcine zona pellucida glycoprotein ZP4 determined by peptide mapping and cDNA cloning (1994)

Mammalian zona pellucida is an attractive target for developing a contraceptive vaccine. In this study, the amino acid sequence of a core protein of porcine zona pellucida glycoprotein ZP4 was determined by peptide mapping and cDNA cloning. Two kinds of ZP4 peptides were identified: one consisted of 128 amino acid residues and the other of 133 amino acid residues with an additional five amino acid sequence at the carboxy-terminal end of the 128 amino acid peptide. Both peptides had two potential N-linked glycosylation sites. The 128 amino acid peptide showed 39.1% similarity to the amino-terminal region of mouse ZP2 polypeptide. The positions of five cysteine residues were the same for porcine ZP4 and mouse ZP2. The cloned cDNA possessed an additional 195 nucleotides at the 3' end of the sequence corresponding to the 133 amino acid peptide. This additional sequence was found to encode the amino-terminal 10 amino acid sequence of porcine ZP2 polypeptide. These results suggest that porcine ZP4 and ZP2 are derived from a common parent polypeptide by proteolytic cleavage at the position between 133 and 134 residues.
Synthesis of .alpha.-monosubstituted indoles (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of .alpha.-monosubstituted indolesR. L. Augustine, A. J. Gustavsen, S. F. Wanat, I. C. Pattison, K. S. Houghton, and G. KoletarCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 17, 3004–3011Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00957a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00957a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views894Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Simplified Inoculation Procedure (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Simplified Inoculation ProcedureT. L. Black and Aaron ArnoldCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1940, 12, 6, 344Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50146a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50146a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Some remarks on multiscale transformations, stability, and biorthogonality (1994)

. This paper is concerned with the concepts of stability and biorthogonality for a general framework of multiscale transformations. In particular, stability criteria are derived which do not make use of Fourier transform techniques but rather hinge upon classical Bernstein and Jackson estimates. Therefore they might be useful when dealing with possibly nonuniform discretizations or with bounded domains. x1. Introduction Let c be some string of data c k ; k 2 I, where I is some (finite or possibly infinite) index set. These data could represent grey scale values of a digital image, statistical noisy data, or control points in some curve or surface representation, or approximate solutions of some discretized operator equation. The common ground for these rather different interpretations is that these data could be viewed as coefficients of some expansion f = X k2I c k &apos; k ; (1:1) where the &apos; k are (typically scalar-valued shape) functions defined on some domain (or manifold)\\Omega (...
Room temperature, continuous-wave operation of quantum cascade lasers with single phonon resonance-continuum depopulation structures grown by metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy (2007)

We propose a new quantum-cascade laser structure with single phonon resonance-continuum depopulation and demonstrate room temperature, continuous-wave operation of the proposed 7.9μm quantum-cascade laser. The laser grown by metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy emits a cw output power of 36mW at 30°C, exhibiting a threshold current density of 2.23kA∕cm2. The cw operation is reported for higher temperatures up to slightly above 60°C. The proposed structure may lead to a successful commercial mass production of the lasers.