gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Structure and Liquid Crystallinity. Phenylene Bis(alkoxybenzoates) (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Structure and Liquid Crystallinity. Phenylene Bis(alkoxybenzoates)Sardari Arora, James Fergason, and Ted TaylorCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 12, 4055–4058Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1970Publication History Published online9 September 2003Published inissue 1 December 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00837a708https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00837a708research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Conformation of dentin phosphophoryn adsorbed on hydroxyapatite crystals (1998)

Phosphophoryn, the major noncollagenous protein of dentin, was adsorbed on synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals and analyzed by high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Binding of the protein was inhibited by acidic polypeptides, especially by a phosphorylated peptide. After phosphophoryn was incubated with the crystals, the crystals were collected and analyzed by 13C-cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning NMR. Several signals could be assigned to carbons of aspartic acids, taking advantage of the unique amino acid composition of this protein. Chemical shifts of signals of aspartic acids are known to reflect secondary structure of the polypeptide. The chemical shifts obtained from the phosphophoryn indicate that the secondary structure of this protein on the crystal was near to a beta-sheet structure. This result is consistent with the result for poly(Asp) adsorbed on the crystals. The beta-sheet-like structure enables phosphophoryn to extend on the crystal surface and to cover the surface with only a small number of the molecules, resulting in the high inhibitory effect of this protein on crystal growth.
750-MHz directly coupled HPLC-NMR: Application for the sequential characterization of the positional isomers and anomers of 2-, 3-, and 4-fluorobenzoic acid glucuronides in equilibrium mixtures (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT750-MHz directly coupled HPLC-NMR: Application for the sequential characterization of the positional isomers and anomers of 2-, 3-, and 4-fluorobenzoic acid glucuronides in equilibrium mixturesUlla G. Sidelmann, Claire. Gavaghan, Howard A. J. Carless, Manfred. Spraul, Martin. Hofmann, John C. Lindon, Ian D. Wilson, and Jeremy K. NicholsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 24, 4441–4445Publication Date (Print):December 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00120a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00120a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of surface energy measurements to evaluate moisture susceptibility of asphalt and aggregates (2005)

Moisture damage in asphalt mixes can be defined as loss of strength and\ndurability due to the presence of moisture at the binder-aggregate interface (adhesive\nfailure) or within the binder (cohesive failure). This research focuses on the evaluation\nof the susceptibility of aggregates and asphalts to moisture damage through\nunderstanding the micro-mechanisms that influence the adhesive bond between\naggregates and asphalt and the cohesive strength and durability of the binder.\nMoisture damage susceptibility is assessed using surface energy measurements\nand dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Surface energy is defined as the energy\nneeded to create a new unit surface area of material in vacuum condition. Surface\nenergy measurements are used to compute the adhesive bond strength between the\naggregates and asphalt and cohesive bond strength in the binder.\nDMA testing is used to evaluate the rate of damage accumulation in asphalt\nbinders and mastics. The DMA applies a cyclic, torsional strain controlled loading to\ncylindrical asphalt mastics until failure. The DMA results are analyzed using continuum\ndamage mechanics that focuses on separating the energy expended in damaging the\nmaterial from that associated with viscoelastic deformation. A new approach is\ndeveloped to analyze the DMA results and calculate the rate of damage.\nThe developed approach is used to evaluate six asphalt mixtures which have\nperformed either well or poorly in the field. The resistance of the field mixes to\nmoisture damage is shown to be related to the calculations of bind energies and the\naccumulated damage in the DMA.
<i>Drosophila </i>Kelch Is an Oligomeric Ring Canal Actin Organizer (1997)

Drosophila kelch has four protein domains, two of which are found in kelch-family proteins and in numerous nonkelch proteins. In Drosophila, kelch is required to maintain ring canal organization during oogenesis. We have performed a structure-function analysis to study the function of Drosophila kelch. The amino-terminal region (NTR) regulates the timing of kelch localization to the ring canals. Without the NTR, the protein localizes precociously and destabilizes the ring canals and the germ cell membranes, leading to dominant sterility. The amino half of the protein including the BTB domain mediates dimerization. Oligomerization through the amino half of kelch might allow cross-linking of ring canal actin filaments, organizing the inner rim cytoskeleton. The kelch repeat domain is necessary and sufficient for ring canal localization and likely mediates an additional interaction, possibly with actin.
Levels of Training and Research: Community Health Development in Costa Rica (1987)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Carole Hill; Levels of Training and Research: Community Health Development in Costa Rica. Practicing Anthropology 1 April 1987; 9 (2): 4–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/praa.9.2.047q4817p03p1842 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest Search
[Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus]. (2020)

The recent outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, China is caused by a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which is genetically close to a bat-derived coronavirus. 2019-nCoV is categorized as beta genus coronavirus, same as the two other strains - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Antiviral drugs commonly used in clinical practice, including neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, paramivir, zanamivir, etc.), ganciclovir, acyclovir and ribavirin, are invalid for 2019-nCoV and not recommended. Drugs are possibly effective for 2019-nCoV include: remdesivir, lopinavir / ritonavir, lopinavir / ritonavir combined with interferon-β, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies. But the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients need to be assessed by further clinical trials.
Sodium Channel Na<sub>v</sub>1.7 Is Essential for Lowering Heat Pain Threshold after Burn Injury (2012)

Marked hypersensitivity to heat and mechanical (pressure) stimuli develop after a burn injury, but the neural mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. In this study, we establish a new mouse model of focal second-degree burn injury to investigate the molecular and cellular basis for burn injury-induced pain. This model features robust injury-induced behavioral effects and tissue-specific altered cytokine profile, but absence of glial activation in spinal dorsal horn. Three voltage-gated sodium channels, Na(v)1.7, Na(v)1.8, and Na(v)1.9, are preferentially expressed in peripheral somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and have been implicated in injury-induced neuronal hyperexcitability. Using knock-out mice, we provide evidence that Na(v)1.7 selectively contributes to burn-induced hypersensitivity to heat, but not mechanical, stimuli. After burn model injury, wild-type mice display increased sensitivity to heat stimuli, and a normally non-noxious warm stimulus induces activity-dependent Fos expression in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Strikingly, both effects are absent in Na(v)1.7 conditional knock-out (cKO) mice. Furthermore, burn injury increases density and shifts activation of tetrodotoxin-sensitive currents in a hyperpolarized direction, both pro-excitatory properties, in DRG neurons from wild-type but not Na(v)1.7 cKO mice. We propose that, in sensory neurons damaged by burn injury to the hindpaw, Na(v)1.7 currents contribute to the hyperexcitability of sensory neurons, their communication with postsynaptic spinal pain pathways, and behavioral thresholds to heat stimuli. Our results offer insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of modality-specific pain signaling, and suggest Na(v)1.7-blocking drugs may be effective in burn patients.
Advances in flotation technology (1999)

The ability to selectively separate fine and coarse particles by flotation is the heart of most mineral processing operations. Significant developments in flotation technology are reflected in this proceedings including: equipment design and development, instrumentation and control, sulfides and precious metals, nonsulfide minerals, coal cleaning, and fundamentals.
Intermedin Stabilized Endothelial Barrier Function And Attenuated Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury In Mice (2011)

Rationale: Even protective ventilation may aggravate or induce lung failure, particularly in preinjured lungs. Thus, new adjuvant pharmacologic strategies are needed to attenuate ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). Intermedin/Adrenomedullin II (IMD) stabilized pulmonary endothelial barrier function in vitro. We hypothesized that IMD may attenuate VILI-associated lung permeability in vivo. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers were incubated with IMD and transendothelial electrical resistance was measured to quantify endothelial barrier function. Expression and localisation of endogenous pulmonary IMD, and its receptor complexes composed of CRLR und RAMP1-3 were analyzed by qPCR and immunoflourescence in unventilated mouse lungs and in lungs ventilated for 6h. In untreated and IMD treated mice, lung permeability and pulmonary leukocyte recruitment was assessed after mechanical ventilation. Results: IMD stabilized endothelial barrier function in HUVECs. Mechanical ventilation reduced the expression of RAMP 3, but not of IMD, CRLR, and RAMP1 and 2. Mechanical ventilation induced lung permeability, which was ameliorated by IMD treatment. IMD did not reduce VILI associated pulmonary leukocyte recruitment. Conclusion: We showed for the first time that IMD had endothelial barrier stabilizing properties in vivo. IMD may possibly provide a new approach to attenuate ventilator-induced lung injury.
Capturing power at higher voltages from arrays of microbial fuel cells without voltage reversal (2011)

Voltages produced by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) cannot be sustainably increased by linking them in series due to voltage reversal, which substantially reduces stack voltages. It was shown here that MFC voltages can be increased with continuous power production using an electronic circuit containing two sets of multiple capacitors that were alternately charged and discharged (every one second). Capacitors were charged in parallel by the MFCs, but linked in series while discharging to the circuit load (resistor). The parallel charging of the capacitors avoided voltage reversal, while discharging the capacitors in series produced up to 2.5 V with four capacitors. There were negligible energy losses in the circuit compared to 20–40% losses typically obtained with MFCs using DC-DC converters to increase voltage. Coulombic efficiencies were 67% when power was generated via four capacitors, compared to only 38% when individual MFCs were operated with a fixed resistance of 250 Ω. The maximum power produced using the capacitors was not adversely affected by variable performance of the MFCs, showing that power generation can be maintained even if individual MFCs perform differently. Longer capacitor charging and discharging cycles of up to 4 min maintained the average power but increased peak power by up to 2.6 times. These results show that capacitors can be used to easily obtain higher voltages from MFCs, allowing for more useful capture of energy from arrays of MFCs.
Applications of rapid thermal process to nitridation of tungsten and denudation of WN/sub x/ for poly-Si/Metal gates (2003)

To reduce gate RC delay in sub-100 nm CMOS devices, a poly-Si/metal gate electrode stack, consisting of W/barrier/poly-Si layers has become an attractive candidate. Recent studies show that rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of amorphous WN/sub x//poly-Si resulted in denudation of nitrogen atoms with simultaneous in situ formation of low resistivity W and highly reliable barrier layer. This process indicated some advantages, i.e. there is no need for barrier interface, yet device properties superior to those of conventional W/WN/sub x//poly-Si gate has been achieved. The purpose of this paper is to report a study of tungsten nitridation and WN/sub x/ denudation using RTP in various gas ambients, including N/sub 2/, Ar, forming gas (10% H/sub 2/ in Ar), wet H/sub 2/ (16% H/sub 2/O in H/sub 2/) and NH/sub 3/. RTA in a spike fashion in NH/sub 3/ or wet H/sub 2/ for only 2 seconds was used to convert 50 nm WN/sub x/ to pure W. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) studies indicated that the in situ interface barrier formation with high nitrogen content was completed during the denudation of WN/sub x/.
Cancer stem cell niche and cancer (2010)

Cancer stem cell (CSC) is the source of tumor development and metastasis, and may become the target of cancer therapy in the future. Niche refers to a micro-environment that makes up the basis of stem cell existence. Niche is involved in tumor development by regulating the growth and changes of CSC. It is also closely related to tumor migration and metastasis. Eradicating CSC through modifying niche may be a new therapeutic strategy for curing cancer.

Key words: 
Neoplastic stem cells; Neoplasm metastasis; Niche
Bounded Delay in Byzantine-Tolerant State Machine Replication (2013)

The paper proposes a new state machine replication protocol for the partially synchronous system model with Byzantine faults. The algorithm, called BFT-Mencius, guarantees that the latency of updates initiated by correct processes is eventually upper-bounded, even in the presence of Byzantine processes. BFTMencius is based on a new communication primitive, Abortable Timely Announced Broadcast (ATAB), and does not use signatures. We evaluate the performance of BFT-Mencius in cluster settings, and show that it provides bounded latency and good throughput, being comparable to the state-of-the-art algorithms such as PBFT and Spinning in fault-free configurations and outperforming them under performance attacks by Byzantine processes.
Percutaneous Penetration of Hydrocortisone With Urea (1974)

One percent<sup>14</sup>C-hydrocortisone acetate in a cream vehicle with and without 10% urea was applied to the ventral forearm of five adult male volunteers in a crossover experiment. Using the urinary recovery of<sup>14</sup>C as an index of penetration, the addition of urea to the cream increased penetration approximately twofold.
Hierarchical NiO microflake films with high coloration efficiency, cyclic stability and low power consumption for applications in a complementary electrochromic device (2013)

We have demonstrated that thin films of hierarchical NiO microflakes assembled from nanoleaves can be grown directly on FTO-coated glass substrates using a facile and template-free hydrothermal technique. This hierarchical structure holds the advantages of both nanometre-sized building blocks and microsized assemblies. Thus, the films exhibit highly enhanced electrochromic performances and cyclic stability due to their high surface area and good electrochemical stability. Moreover, a complementary electrochromic device combining the hierarchical NiO microflake film with a self-weaving WO3 nanoflake film is fabricated to further improve the electrochromic performance. As a result, the complementary electrochromic device shows a high optical modulation (73.2% at 550 nm), large coloration efficiency (146.9 cm(2) C(-1) at 550 nm by applying a low coloration voltage of -1.0 V) and fast switching responses with a coloring time of 1.8 s and a bleaching time of 3.2 s. It is also observed that there is no significant degradation of the electrochromic properties after 2000 continuous coloration/bleaching cycles, making it attractive for practical applications.
Leukocyte Influx in Atherosclerosis (2007)

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall and an increasing body of evidence suggests that the immune system actively participates in the initiation, progression and persistence of atherosclerosis. Different types of leukocytes such as T and B lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK) and NKT cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and mast cells have been found within atherosclerosis-prone aortas. The mechanisms of monocyte recruitment have been partially characterized and involve P-selectin, E-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and JAM-A. CXCL1, CCL5, CXCL4, CXCL7 and MIF are also implicated in monocyte trafficking into aortas. Recently it has been reported that Ly6C(high) and Ly6C(low) monocyte subsets differently use CCL2, CX3CL1 and CCL5 for their homing into atherosclerotic aortas. T and B lymphocytes constitutively migrate into the normal and atherosclerotic aortic wall in an L-selectin-dependent manner. Recent studies suggest an important role of CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL16, CXCR6 and MIF in T cell influx into the atherosclerotic wall. However, there is little information available on the mechanisms of recruitment of other types of the immune cells such as NK, NKT and mast cells. In this review we shall summarize what is known about leukocyte recruitment into the aortic wall during atherosclerosis with a focus on mouse model systems.
Fast Computation of Posterior Mode in Multi-Level Hierarchical Models (2008)

Multi-level hierarchical models provide an attractive framework for incorporating correlations induced in a response variable that is organized hierarchically. Model fitting is challenging, especially for a hierarchy with a large number of nodes. We provide a novel algorithm based on a multi-scale Kalman filter that is both scalable and easy to implement. For Gaussian response, we show our method provides the maximum a-posteriori (MAP) parameter estimates; for non-Gaussian response, parameter estimation is performed through a Laplace approximation. However, the Laplace approximation provides biased parameter estimates that is corrected through a parametric bootstrap procedure. We illustrate through simulation studies and analyses of real world data sets in health care and online advertising. 1
A novel approach for detail surveys by the motorized GPSSIT concept in residentials areas and its application (2014)

This paper introduces the usage and reliability of Motorized GPSSIT technique which is a novel approach for surveying. It reviews the advantages of Motorized GPSSIT concept and also considers to provide GNSS accuracy in the process of surveying especially for the cases which cannot be surveyed directly by the satellite navigation systems (GPS-GNSS), such as closely packed residential areas, tall buildings, trees, etc., and also places which GNSS receivers cannot be work efficiently due to signal interferences. In this technique, all the survey instruments are installed on a bed of a pick-up truck whereas in present techniques they are installed on the ground, therefore it is called Motorized GPSSIT. Study area was chosen within the housing area of our campus. In this area, classical surveying, GPSSIT and Motorized GPSSIT were performed to collect data for comparison and for the analysis of this technique's usability and reliability. Stop and Go and RTK surveying techniques were performed with GPSSIT and Motorized GPSSIT concepts. It is shown that the Motorized GPSSIT technique is applicable as other present techniques in terms of accuracy and reliability.
AMOLED Displays with In-Pixel Photodetector (2020)

The focus of this chapter is to consider additional functionalities beyond the regular display function of an active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display. We will discuss how to improve the resolution of the array with OLED lithography pushing to AR/VR standards. Also, the chapter will give an insight into pixel design and layout with a strong focus on high resolution, enabling open areas in pixels for additional functionalities. An example of such additional functionalities would be to include a photodetector in pixel, requiring the need to include in-panel TFT readout at the peripherals of the full-display sensor array for applications such as finger and palmprint sensing.
Enhanced photoluminescence in epitaxial ZnGa2O4:Mn thin-film phosphors using pulsed-laser deposition (1999)

The growth and properties of ZnGa2O4:Mn thin-film phosphors on single crystal substrates using pulsed-laser deposition were investigated. Epitaxial film properties were compared to polycrystalline films deposited on glass substrates. Green photoluminescence was observed for as-deposited films with no postannealing required. Enhanced luminescent intensity in the epitaxial films was observed as compared to randomly oriented polycrystalline films, suggesting that grain boundaries and grain alignment strongly influence the luminescent properties. The ratio of Zn/Ga in the films also affected photoluminescence properties, with strong green emission observed in Zn-deficient films.