gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Precision in Condensed Phase Vibrational Spectroscopy (1982)

Algorithms for the computation of bandwidths, and center of gravity and least-squares frequencies are developed. The sources of error are discussed, and it is shown that the above parameters can be determined with maximum uncertainties of hundredths or thousandths of a wave number.
Approximate method for gap soliton propagation in nonuniform Bragg gratings (1998)

An effective particle picture developed earlier for gap soliton propagation in piecewise uniform gratings is extended to treat gratings that vary gradually. In particular, we consider gratings in which the strength or the Bragg frequency varies linearly with position. We use this to analyze propagation in more complicated structures corresponding to localized grating defects, and gradual interfaces between two different gratings.
Curcumin: a natural substance with potential efficacy in Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (2013)

Curcumin is a component of turmeric, a spice used in many types of cooking. Epidemiological evidence suggesting that populations that eat food with a substantial amount of curcumin were at lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) led to the idea that this compound might have a neuroprotective effect. Curcumin has substantial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and is being used as a potential preventative agent or treatment for many types of cancer. There is evidence to suggest that the addition of curcumin to cultured neuronal cells decreases brain inflammation and protects against β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. Curcumin also protects against toxicity when β-amyloid is administered to produce animal models of AD. Curcumin decreases β-amyloid formation from amyloid precursor protein, and also inhibits aggregation of β-amyloid into pleated sheets. Studies in transgenic mice with overproduction of β-amyloid demonstrate a neuroprotective effect of curcumin as well. Cognitive function was also improved in these animal models. Clinical trials of curcumin in AD have not been very promising. It is possible that this is due to poor oral bioavailability of curcumin in humans, and thus several approaches are being developed to improve delivery systems or to create analogs that will mimic the neuroprotective effects and easily reach the brain. The lack of efficacy of curcumin in humans with AD may also result from treating for too short a time or starting treatment too late in the course of the disease, where substantial neuronal death has already occurred and cannot be reversed. Curcumin may be beneficial in protecting against development or progression of AD if taken over the long term and started before symptoms of AD become apparent.
Firewalls and internet security (1998)

The original communications technology in worid was the telegraph. The telegraph transfer mode lasted until the telephone was invented. The telephone was an evident improvement over the telegraph, it did not take long before the computer networks came. Computer networking bring a great revolution with data and voice traffic carried by the different standardised communications protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). TCP/IP communication suite for internetworking has led to a global system of interconnected hosts and networks that is commonly referred to as the Internet. Now mostly operating systems using TCP/IP for standardised communication. No doubt that the maturity of TCP/IP over UNIX is more stronger in case of fast and trusted communication environments. A network with TCP/IP under UNIX environment is not enough secure for internetworking/Internet. This is due to the host-to-terminal architecture (of UNIX), and its trusted TCP/IP based services.
Personalized Online Education — A Crowdsourcing Challenge (2012)

Interest in online education is surging, as dramatized by the success of Khan Academy and recent Stanford online courses, but the technology for online education is in its infancy. Crowdsourcing mechanisms will likely be essential in order to reach the full potential of this medium. This paper sketches some of the challenges and directions we hope HCOMP researchers will address.
An all-digital voltage sensor for static voltage drop measurements (2016)

One of the main challenges in semiconductor industry is the variability in devices and circuit parameters which will harm the performance and the energy efficiency of the circuit. In addition, voltage fluctuation also makes the performance of the design unpredictable. Due to the high level integration of the system-on-a-chip (SoC), it becomes more and more important to monitor the IR drop of the power network during chip operation. The proposed all-digital on-chip voltage sensor which uses a relative reference modeling (RRM) is presented. After one-point calibration at 1.1V, the proposed alldigital voltage sensor can monitor the operating voltage of the chip and outputs digital codes for SoC chip debugging and testing. It has a maximum error 16.4mV with process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations.
Photochemistry of diazonium salts. II. Synthesis of 2-fluoro-L-histidine and 2-fluorohistamine, and the halogen lability of 2-fluoroimidazoles (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of diazonium salts. II. Synthesis of 2-fluoro-L-histidine and 2-fluorohistamine, and the halogen lability of 2-fluoroimidazolesKenneth L. Kirk, Wakatu. Nagai, and Louis A. CohenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 25, 8389–8392Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00806a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00806a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views705Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface Modeling for Cad/Cam (1991)

1. Frameworks for Surface Modeling and Machining. 2. Basic Differential Geometry and Coordinate Transformation. 3. Polynomial Curve Models. 4. Composite Curve Fitting and 2D Curve Modeling. 5. Surface Patch Models. 6. Properties of Bezier Curves and Surfaces. 7. Surface Construction from 3D Data Array. 8. Surface Construction from Scattered 3D Data. 9. Surface Construction from 2D Cross Sections. 10. Surface Construction from 3D Curve-Nets. 11. Construction of Blending Surfaces. 12. Surface Intersection and Trimmed Surface. 13. Nonparametric Surface Modeling. 14. Development and Use of CAM Systems. 15. Unified Shape Modeling for CIM. Appendix A: Tridiagonal Matrix Solution. References. Index.
Position estimation of tethered micro unmanned aerial vehicle by observing the slack tether (2017)

At disaster sites, the use of Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (MUAVs) is expected for human safety. One application is to support first-phase emergency restoration work conducted by teleoperated construction machines. To extend the operation time of a MUAV, the authors proposed a powerfeeding tethered MUAV to provide an overhead view of the site to operators. The target application is to be used outdoors, so a robust and simple position estimation method for the MUAV is required. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose a position estimation method for the MUAV by observing the slack tether instead of using the Global Positioning System (GPS), vision sensors, or a laser rangefinder. The tether shape is assumed to be a catenary curve that can be estimated by measuring the tether's length, tension, and outlet direction. To evaluate the proposed method, the authors developed a prototype of a helipad with a tether winding mechanism for the tethered MUAV, which contains a measurement function of the tether status. Some indoor experimental results proved the feasibility of the proposed method.
Spread-spectrum communications (1993)

The characteristics of spread-spectrum systems that account for their growing use are examined. They offer low probability of intercept, signal hiding, and jammer rejection. Spread spectrum also provides a measure of immunity to multipath interference and multiple access capability, making it ideal for radar, telephone, local area networks, and many other applications. The two primary techniques commonly used frequency hopping and direct sequence, are described along with their advantages and disadvantages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mobile communications security-private or public (1994)

With the arrival of call traffic encryption and digital mobile networks military-level security could be available to us all. This paper looks at the subject of secure mobile radio communications and the issues that are raised when the right to privacy is tested against the need to know. The issues are illustrated using two major examples. In the European, private approach the original GSM A5 encryption algorithm gives military-standard security to members of the Royal Family and drug barons alike. The export of this encryption mechanism has run into several problems resulting in a confused patchwork of encrypted and open networks around the world. The mechanisms of GSM security are explained and the possible use of those mechanisms for both security and surveillance purposes is illustrated. In the US, public approach the US 'clipper' chip initiative is examined. The FBI has repeatedly attempted to get this project off the ground whereby call encryption equipment in the US is built around a single common chip. The clipper chip produces encryption of voice and data that can only be cracked by a third party who has access to a secure key. The keeper of this key is, of-course, the US government. This article explores the implications of such a system of government-controlled security. It also presents the results of a survey of representatives of some UK companies when asked for their reactions should a similar initiative be launched in this country.
Top-down AlN/GaN enhancement- &#x00026; depletion-mode nanoribbon HEMTs (2009)

III–V Nitride HEMTs are currently being intensively investigated for both depletion- and enhancement mode operation at high powers and high frequencies. Among the various methods that can render the polarization-doped HEMTs enhancement-mode, the least investigated are those that exploit 3-D nanoscale geometrical electrostatic effects. Recently, bottom-up grown GaN nanowire MISFETs have shown respectable depletion-mode device performance [1]. However, the handling of isolated nanowires is technologically challenging. Here, we demonstrate that by combining conventional epitaxially grown AlN/GaN HEMT structures with top-down nanoribbon fabrication, both E-mode and D-mode HEMTs with high performance can be realized in a facile manner, and allow integration on the same substrates. In addition to the ease of realizing E-mode and D-mode devices, these top-down nanoribbon HEMTs also take advantage of the superior electrostatics of wrap-gates and quasi-1D charge transport for high performance.
Comparison of Cytogenetic Clonal Evolution Patterns following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Transplantation versus Conventional Treatment in Patients at Relapse of AML (2010)

Relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia has been associated with clonal cytogenetic evolution, but no study focused specifically on relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We compared karyotypes in 160 patients at both diagnosis and relapse either after allo-HSCT (n = 26) or standard chemotherapy (n = 134) using chromosome banding analysis combined with fluorescein in situ hybridization. There were 71 females and 89 males (19.7-80.6 years). At diagnosis, aberrant karyotypes were more frequent in the HSCT than in the chemotherapy cohort (16 of 26; 61.5% versus 63 of 134; 47.0%). This was most obvious in patients with unfavorable cytogenetics (8 of 26; 30.8% versus 19 of 134; 14.2%; P = .032). Differences in the karyotypes between diagnosis and relapse were more frequent in the allo-cohort (14 of 26; 53.8% versus 49 of 134; 36.6%) than in the conventional cohort (n.s.), mainly because of newly emerging cytogenetic alterations. Appearance of ≥ 3 new clonal alterations was more frequent in the allo-cohort (6 of 12; 50.0% with clonal evolution versus 5 of 41; 12.2%, P = .005). The mean number of cytogenetic alterations per patient was increasing from 2.0 at diagnosis to 4.0 at relapse in the allo-cohort, in the conventionally treated patients from 0.9 to 1.3 (both P < .001). Thus, higher frequencies of clonal evolution and increasing cytogenetic complexity were observed in the stem cell recipients probably related to the more unfavorable cytogenetic profiles already depicted at diagnosis.
Assessment of SRM, MRM<sup>3</sup>, and DIA for the targeted analysis of phosphorylation dynamics in non‐small cell lung cancer (2016)

Hypothesis-driven MS-based targeted proteomics has gained great popularity in a relatively short timespan. Next to the widely established selected reaction monitoring (SRM) workflow, data-independent acquisition (DIA), also referred to as sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra (SWATH) was introduced as a high-throughput targeted proteomics method. DIA facilitates increased proteome coverage, however, does not yet reach the sensitivity obtained with SRM. Therefore, a well-informed method selection is crucial for designing a successful targeted proteomics experiment. This is especially the case when targeting less conventional peptides such as those that contain PTMs, as these peptides do not always adhere to the optimal fragmentation considerations for targeted assays. Here, we provide insight into the performance of DIA, SRM, and MRM cubed (MRM(3) ) in the analysis of phosphorylation dynamics throughout the phosphoinositide 3-kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K-mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling network. We observe indeed that DIA is less sensitive when compared to SRM, however demonstrates increased flexibility, by postanalysis selection of alternative phosphopeptide precursors. Additionally, we demonstrate the added benefit of MRM(3) , allowing the quantification of two poorly accessible phosphosites. In total, targeted proteomics enabled the quantification of 42 PI3K-mTOR and MAPK phosphosites, gaining a so far unachieved in-depth view mTOR signaling events linked to tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.
Selenoxanthones via Directed Metalations in 2-Arylselenobenzamide Derivatives (2003)

The reaction of N, N-diethyl 4-(N', N'-dimethylamino)-2-phenylselenobenzamide (7a), N, N-diethyl 4-methoxy-2-phenylselenobenzamide (7b), N, N-diethyl 4-(N', N'-dimethylamino)-2-[(3-(N, N-dimethylamino)phenylseleno]benzamide (7c), and N, N-diethyl 4-methoxy-2-(3-methoxyphenylseleno)-benzamide (7d) with excess lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) gave 2-N, N-(dimethylamino)-9H-selenoxanthone (9a), 2-methoxy-9H-selenoxanthone (9b), 2,7-bis-N, N-(dimethylamino)-9H-selenoxanthone (9c), and 2,5-dimethoxy-9H-selenoxanthone (9d) in 70%, 59%, 23%, and 90% isolated yields, respectively. N, N-Diethyl 2-phenylselenobenzamide (2-Se) gave no reaction with LDA, t-BuLi, MeLi, or lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide as base. Electron donation from the 4-substituent of benzamide derivatives 7a-7d may increase the directing ability of the carbonyl oxygen to metalate the 2-position of the arylseleno group.
Lumacaftor–Ivacaftor in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Homozygous for Phe508del<i>CFTR</i> (2015)

The combination of tezacaftor and ivacaftor was efficacious and safe in patients 12 years of age or older who had cystic fibrosis and were homozygous for the CFTR Phe508del mutation. (Funded by Vertex Pharmaceuticals; EVOLVE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02347657 .).
Identification of the Zn2+ Binding Site and Mode of Operation of a Mammalian Zn2+ Transporter (2009)

Vesicular zinc transporters (ZnTs) play a critical role in regulating Zn2+ homeostasis in various cellular compartments and are linked to major diseases ranging from Alzheimer disease to diabetes. Despite their importance, the intracellular localization of ZnTs poses a major challenge for establishing the mechanisms by which they function and the identity of their ion binding sites. Here, we combine fluorescence-based functional analysis and structural modeling aimed at elucidating these functional aspects. Expression of ZnT5 was followed by both accelerated removal of Zn2+ from the cytoplasm and its increased vesicular sequestration. Further, activity of this zinc transport was coupled to alkalinization of the trans-Golgi network. Finally, structural modeling of ZnT5, based on the x-ray structure of the bacterial metal transporter YiiP, identified four residues that can potentially form the zinc binding site on ZnT5. Consistent with this model, replacement of these residues, Asp599 and His451, with alanine was sufficient to block Zn2+ transport. These findings indicate, for the first time, that Zn2+ transport mediated by a mammalian ZnT is catalyzed by H+/Zn2+ exchange and identify the zinc binding site of ZnT proteins essential for zinc transport.
Relations between NDVI, Grassland Production, and Crop Yield in the Central Great Plains (2005)

Abstract Satellite remote sensing of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) provides a means for characterizing landscape level patterns of net primary productivity (NPP). Within the Great Plains, landscapes are dominated by grassland and agricultural ecosystems. We demonstrated that NDVI integrated over time is an excellent measure of prevailing patterns of NPP, which can be measured as biomass production in local‐scale native grasslands (tallgrass prairie), as well as landscape and regional scale yield of corn and wheat. Within the growing season, the temporal pattern of grassland biomass production covaries with NDVI, with a four‐week lag time. Across years, grassland biomass production covaries with NDVI integrated over appropriate time intervals, which can range from part to all of the current growing season. For calculation of landscape patterns of crop production, regional maps (masks) for corn and wheat field identification can be constructed by analysis of temporal patterns of NDVI. Calculation windows that average NDVI for adjacent pixels can enhance the ability to predict local NPP.
Organocatalysis by an aprotic imidazolium zwitterion: a dramatic anion–cation cooperative effect on azide–nitrile cycloaddition (2013)

An aprotic imidazole based zwitterionic-salt, 4-(3-methylimidazolium)butane sulfonate (MBS) has been found to be an efficient organocatalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles by the cycloaddition of aryl nitriles with NaN3 under solvent-free conditions. Both the cation and the anion cooperatively affect the reaction and the C2–H of the imidazolium moiety plays a crucial role in “electrophilic activation” of the nitrile through hydrogen bond formation.
Molecular and functional analysis of mouse decay accelerating factor (CD55) (1999)

Molecular cloning of mouse decay accelerating factor (DAF; CD55) predicted two forms of the molecule, one transmembrane (TM) and the other glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored; these are encoded by separate genes termed Daf-GPI and Daf-TM. In the present study several additional isoforms of mouse DAF, generated by alternative splicing from these genes, are described. Northern-blot analysis of RNA and reverse transcriptase-PCR from various tissues indicated that spleen and testis expressed high levels of DAF, which comprised several species. These species were cloned and sequence analysis revealed various novel forms in addition to those previously reported. Two novel forms were derived from the Daf-TM gene but the transmembrane sequence defined previously was replaced by a unique GPI-anchor addition sequence; one clone also had part of the serine/threonine/proline (STP) region deleted. A third clone, encoding a transmembrane protein, was also derived from this gene but the entire STP region was deleted. A fourth clone, derived from the Daf-GPI gene, contained a novel C-terminal sequence, suggestive of a secreted form of the protein. Two DAF cDNAs (TM and GPI-anchored) were stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. When these cells were attacked with mouse or rat complement and analysed for C3b deposition, DAF-transfected cells had greatly reduced C3b deposition compared with controls. Transfection with DAF also conferred protection from complement in a cell-lysis assay, and a soluble, recombinant form of mouse DAF inhibited complement in a haemolytic assay.
A new adaptive dead-time compensation for single-phase grid-connected PV inverter (2011)

This paper presents a software-based adaptive dead-time compensation technique for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverter system. To prevent a short circuit in the dc-link, a switching delay time is needed to be inserted in Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals. This causes the dead-time effect which is harmful to the system performance. To improve the mitigation of dead-time effect around the zero-crossing point of output current, an adaptive harmonic mitigation of instantaneous feedback current is used as an integrated part of conventional current controller. This dead-time compensator mitigates undesirable harmonic components from current, where only the knowledge of frequencies is needed. The simulation and experimental results are shown to verify the effectiveness of proposed dead-time compensation method in single-phase grid-connected power distributed generation systems.
Simple Glycosylation Reaction of Allyl Glycosides (2007)

A simple glycosylation strategy employing only allyl glycosides is described. In a one-pot fashion, an allyl glycoside is first isomerized to the reactive 1-prop-en-yl glycoside intermediate, which subsequently undergoes glycosylation with a glycosyl acceptor, promoted by NIS at room temperature.