gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calibrated scanning force microscope with capabilities in the subnanometre range (2002)

Abstract This paper refers to quantitative scanning force microscopy (SFM) and dimensional measurement being traceable to metrological standards. The traceability to the unit of length is achieved by calibration of several thousands of selected and sufficiently defined reference positions within the three‐dimensional measuring range by three miniature laser interferometers and their output signals at distances of λ/2 (λ corresponds to the wavelength of the He/Ne laser radiation). The expanded uncertainty U of the laser interferometer output signals is estimated to be ⩽1 nm. The results reported here refer to the reduction of uncertainty in the subnanometre range by comparisons of measured periods of one‐dimensional sinusoidal gratings using optical diffractometry with expanded uncertainties ⩽0.1 nm, as well as SFM with an uncertainty originally estimated to be 1 nm. The goal is to reduce as far as possible the uncertainty of the SFM measurement results, e.g. the thickness of films or the pitch of gratings. The present state of work allows to estimate an expanded uncertainty of <0.4 nm and it is hoped to reach a value near the picometre range. The practical goal is to apply this microscopy to evaluations (calibrations) of dimensional parameters of objects in the semiconductor technology and other dimensional micro‐ and nanostructures. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Recurrent Disc Herniation: Surgical Technique, Outcome, and Prognostic Factors of 43 Consecutive Cases (2004)

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy is effective for recurrent disc herniation in selected cases. The posterolateral approach through unscarred virgin tissue can prevent nerve injury and could preserve the spinal stability. Both foraminal and intracanalicular portions can be decompressed simultaneously.
Current Approaches to Cervical-Cancer Screening (2001)

This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations.A 72-year-old woman has had an annual Papanicolaou (Pap) smear with normal findings (Figure 1) for the past 30 years. She finds it difficult to undergo pelvic examinations because she has severe arthritis in her hips and vaginal atrophy. She has not been sexually active since the death of her husband 10 years earlier, and she wants to know whether she can stop being screened for cervical neoplasia.The Clinical ProblemAlthough screening for cervical cancer with the Pap smear is one of the most effective preventive interventions that clinicians can provide in their offices, concern about the accuracy . . .
Alkylation Studies (1977)

The alkylation of C3, C4 and C5 olefins with isobutane in sulfuric acid is a large scale commercial process. The reaction has been extensively studied and its general features are well understood and documented in several lucid reviews (1-3). In addition to being of commercial interest, the reaction has stimulated much fundamental research that is of enormous value in carbonium ion theory. The overall reaction is usually viewed as proceeding through an ionic chain mechanism in which a t-butyl ion adds to an olefin forming a larger cation that subsequently abstracts a hydride ion from isobutane forming product and a new t-butyl ion. Through the use of isotopic labeling, much has been learned about the behavior of the ions while in the acid (4-11). Nevertheless, there are a number of important questions about the alkylation reaction which have not been dealt with as extensively as might be desired and some
Combining textual and structural analysis of software artifacts for traceability link recovery (2009)

Existing methods for recovering traceability links among software documentation artifacts analyze textual similarities among these artifacts. It may be the case, however, that related documentation elements share little terminology or phrasing. This paper presents a technique for indirectly recovering these traceability links in requirements documentation by combining textual with structural information as we conjecture that related requirements share related source code elements. A preliminary case study indicates that our combined approach improves the precision and recall of recovering relevant links among documents as compared to stand-alone methods based solely on analyzing textual similarities.
Differential apoptotic effects of novel quinuclidinone analogs 8a and 8b in normal and lung cancer cell lines. (2011)

All these results confirm that our quinuclidinone derivatives provoke cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells more than normal cells, which is a feature not present in most chemotherapeutic drugs.
Automatic Left Ventricle Segmentation Using Iterative Thresholding and an Active Contour Model With Adaptation on Short-Axis Cardiac MRI (2009)

An automatic left ventricle (LV) segmentation algorithm is presented for quantification of cardiac output and myocardial mass in clinical practice. The LV endocardium is first segmented using region growth with iterative thresholding by detecting the effusion into the surrounding myocardium and tissues. Then the epicardium is extracted using the active contour model guided by the endocardial border and the myocardial signal information estimated by iterative thresholding. This iterative thresholding and active contour model with adaptation (ITHACA) algorithm was compared to manual tracing used in clinical practice and the commercial MASS Analysis software (General Electric) in 38 patients, with Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. The ITHACA algorithm provided substantial improvement over the MASS software in defining myocardial borders. The ITHACA algorithm agreed well with manual tracing with a mean difference of blood volume and myocardial mass being 2.9 +/- 6.2 mL (mean +/- standard deviation) and -0.9 +/- 16.5 g, respectively. The difference was smaller than the difference between manual tracing and the MASS software (approximately -20.0 +/- 6.9 mL and -1.0 +/- 20.2 g, respectively). These experimental results support that the proposed ITHACA segmentation is accurate and useful for clinical practice.
Physiological Assessment of Sexual Arousal in Women (1976)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to validate the use of vaginal photoplethysmography along with six other physiological measures for the assessment of sexual arousal in women. Six women in counterbalanced order were presented control, dysphoric, and sexually arousing videotapes. Subjective ratings revealed that subjects experienced moderate levels of sexual and anxiety arousal during the videotapes, and comprehension quizzing at the end of the experiment showed that subjects attended to the content. Heart rate, heart rate variability, and skin conductance response failed to discriminate between any of the videotapes. In order from highest to lowest sensitivity, vaginal blood volume, skin conductance, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and forehead temperature showed significant increases during the erotic videotape. Though sensitive, skin conductance appeared to he unreliable. Areas for further research were identified.
Application of the 1889 Regulation on Land Acquisition and Disposal for the 1888 Tokyo Improvement Ordinance (1985)

Under the 1889 Regulation of Land Acquisition and disposal the Tokyo Mayor could also purchase the entire lot of remainder and occasionally the contigious of it. Through the study of application for these procedures, the author conclude the area of acquisition of remainder was not so large as the get development value and there was no probability of expanded application of taking under the shortcoming of Regulation.
Arabidopsis <i>glt1</i>‐T mutant defines a role for NADH‐GOGAT in the non‐photorespiratory ammonium assimilatory pathway (2002)

The physiological role of the NADH-dependent glutamine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (NADH-GOGAT) enzyme was addressed in Arabidopsis using gene expression analysis and by the characterization of a knock-out T-DNA insertion mutant (glt1-T) in the single NADH-GOGAT GLT1 gene. The NADH-GOGAT GLT1 mRNA is expressed at higher levels in roots than in leaves. This expression pattern contrasts with GLU1, the major gene encoding Fd-GOGAT, which is most highly expressed in leaves and is involved in photorespiration. These distinct organ-specific expression patterns suggested a non-redundant physiological role for the NADH-GOGAT and Fd-GOGAT gene products. To test the in vivo function of NADH-GOGAT, we conducted molecular and physiological analysis of the glt1-T mutant, which is null for NADH-GOGAT, as judged by mRNA level and enzyme activity. Metabolic analysis showed that the glt1-T mutant has a specific defect in growth and glutamate biosynthesis when photorespiration was repressed by 1% CO2. Under these conditions, the glt1-T mutant displayed a 20% decrease in growth and a dramatic 70% reduction in glutamate levels. Herein, we discuss the significance of NADH-GOGAT in non-photorespiratory ammonium assimilation and in glutamate synthesis required for plant development.
Catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO<sub>x</sub> with NH<sub>3</sub> at low temperature (2015)

This review presents recent studies on low-temperature NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR catalysts, particularly Mn-based oxides, V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/AC, and Cu-based small pore zeolites.
Improved language modelling by unsupervised acquisition of structure (2002)

The perplexity of corpora is typically reduced by more than 30% compared to advanced n-gram models by a new method for the unsupervised acquisition of structural text models. This method is based on new algorithms for the classification of words and phrases from context and on new sequence finding procedures. These procedures are designed to work fast and accurately on small and large corpora. They are iterated to build a structural model of a corpus. The structural model can be applied to recalculate the scores of a speech recogniser and improves the word accuracy. Further applications such as preprocessing for neural networks and (hidden) Markov models in language processing, which exploit the structure finding capabilities of this model, are proposed.
Stopping Metastases at Their Source (1997)

In this issue of the Journal, two papers address the role of radiation therapy in patients with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. These prospective, randomized trials from Denmark1 and Canada2 present 15-year results. Although this long follow-up is necessary for a proper evaluation, the question the studies ask and the results they present must be interpreted in terms of the current practice of breast-cancer management. Stating the purpose of the studies explicitly is useful, but to appreciate the implications of the results fully we need to consider the hypotheses of tumor pathogenesis that underlie the therapeutic maneuvers being tested. . . .
HLA matching for simultaneous pancreas- kidney transplantation in the United States: a multivariable analysis of the UNOS data (2002)

As the incidence of diabetic nephropathy increases, especially in minority populations, more simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplants are being performed both in the United States and worldwide. The role of matching on SPK outcomes and organ allocation remains controversial. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the influence of HLA matching using currently employed criteria on 5-year SPK graft survival.We performed an analysis of all 3,316 SPK transplants performed in the United States reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) between December 31, 1988 and December 31, 1994. Kaplan-Meier unadjusted 1- and 5-year graft survival with log rank comparisons and Cox multivariable regression models that adjusted for 12 confounding variables were used to analyze the influence of HLA matching on outcomes.Despite low-grade HLA or DR matching or high levels of common reactive groups (CREG) mismatching, 1- and 5-year allograft survival rates were 90% and 78% for kidney, and 85% and 75% for pancreas transplantation.SPK transplantation is associated with excellent outcomes independent of the level of HLA matching. These data support the hypothesis that SPK transplants need not be allocated based on matching criteria, thus minimizing organ ischemia time and promoting a more racially equitable allocation for SPKs in the US today.
Towards SOA-Based Code Defect Analysis (2008)

Static code analysis is the analysis of software that is performed to acquire information concerning the dynamic behavior of programs built from that software, without actually executing the programs. Currently, most analysis techniques are implemented as independent tools, or plugins for integrate development environment (IDE, e.g., Eclipse). However, in this paper, we introduce a new way to release the analyzing ability: a Web Service based approach, which can integrate multiple analysis tools, and provides analyzing ability by way of standard Web Service interface. The user can benefit code analyzing ability by just submit the code to be analyzed to the service, without download any analyzing tools, and then get the merged result. The experiment shows that the proposed approach is feasible and efficient.
Superstructures of PbS nanocrystals in a conjugated polymer and the aligning role of oxidation (2009)

We present a method to directly align PbS nanocrystals in micron-sized superstructures within a conjugated polymer. First, lead sulfide nanocrystals are directly synthesized in a MEH-PPV suspension via a single pot, surfactant-free method. Post-synthesis precipitation of the composite solution involving mild oxidation of the nanocrystals results in the formation of nanocrystal-polymer and nanocrystal-oxide superstructures. Detailed TEM is used to study the crystallographic nature of these structures and the roles of polymer and lead sulfate. An epitaxial relationship between lead sulfide and lead sulfate at the nanoscale is shown, giving insight into the oxidation rates of the PbS nanocrystals' facets.
Computer simulation study of the effective viscosity in Brinkman’s equation (1994)

Brinkman’s equation is often used to match solutions of Stokes’ equation to solutions of Darcy’s law at free-fluid:porous medium interfaces by the introduction of an effective viscosity parameter, μe. Theoretical predictions of the dependence of μe on the porosity of the porous medium have given conflicting results. A finite difference solution of Stokes’ equation in three dimensions was used to study fluid flow near the interface between a free fluid and a porous medium. It was found that in order to match solutions of Brinkman’s equation to the numerical solutions, the value of μe had to be greater than the free-fluid viscosity. Within numerical precision, the effective viscosity μe was monotonically increasing with decreasing porosity. Good fits to the numerical fluid velocity profiles were obtained for porosities ranging from 50% to 80%.
Study on maximum air-gap and efficiency of Magnetic Resonant Coupling for Wireless Power Transfer using Equivalent Circuit (2010)

The progress of technology in the field of Wireless Power Transfer in the last few years is remarkable. The difference between traditional technology and today's technology is that a transforming power across large air pas can be achieved through recent research. Much electric equipment is proposed- both small one and large. For example, Wireless Power Transfer for small equipment (mobile phone and laptop) and for large equipment (electric vehicle). Furthermore, replacing every cord Wireless Power Transfer is proposed. The Coupled Mode Theory was theorized in 2006 and proven in 2007. Thus, magnetic and Electric Resonant Coupling allows power to traverse large air gaps with high efficiency. This technology is closely related to Electromagnetic Induction, antenna technology and resonator for the filters of communication technology. We have studied these phenomena and technologies using Equivalent Circuits- which is a more familiar and comprehensible format for electrical engineers than the Coupled Mode Theory. In this paper, we study maximum efficiency vs. air gap by Equivalent Circuit and propose simple equations about maximum efficiency of air gaps. The results of these equations are well matched with results from Electromagnetic Field Analysis.
Responsive Materials for Self‐<scp>R</scp>egulated Insulin Delivery (2013)

With diabetes mellitus becoming an important public health concern, insulin-delivery systems are attracting increasing interest from both scientific and technological researchers. This feature article covers the present state-of-the-art glucose-responsive insulin-delivery system (denoted as GRIDS), based on responsive polymer materials, a promising system for self-regulated insulin delivery. Three types of GRIDS are discussed, based on different fundamental mechanisms of glucose-recognition, with: a) glucose enzyme, b) glucose binding protein, and c) synthetic boronic acid as the glucose-sensitive component. At the end, a personal perspective on the major issues yet to be worked out in future research is provided.
Protective Effects of Heparin and Other Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans on Crystal Adhesion to Injured Urothelium (1982)

Heparin was found to prevent calcium oxalate crystal adhesion to chemically injured rat bladder urothelium. Heparin was the only polysaccharide tested which restored injured urothelium to the functional status of normal, uninjured urothelium with respect to anticrystal adhesion properties. Other sulfated glycosaminoglycans, sulfated polysaccharides and monosaccharides were without restorative or protective effects. 3H-heparin was found to bind to injured urothelium but not to normal urothelium.
Protein C, isolation and potential use in prevention of thrombosis. (1987)

Protein C and protein S serve as natural anticoagulants. Deficiencies of these proteins are often associated with recurrent deep vein thrombosis and coumarin induced skin necrosis. These two proteins function by selectively inactivating factors Va and VIIIa, two of the "cofactors" of blood coagulation. Hence, inhibition of coagulation by this pathway complements the better known inhibition mediated by the antithrombin III-heparin system. These observations suggest that protein C and/or activated protein C may prove useful in controlling thrombosis and/or DIC. We have developed a Ca2+ dependent monoclonal antibody which allows the rapid isolation of human protein C. This rapid isolation has allowed us to demonstrate that activated protein C can protect baboons from the lethal effects of E. coli/endotoxin and that protein C supplementation can minimize fibrinogen consumption following tissue factor infusion into dogs.
Hierarchical tree based storage, retrieval, and interpretation of infrared spectra (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHierarchical tree based storage, retrieval, and interpretation of infrared spectraJ. Zupan and M. E. MunkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 8, 1609–1616Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00285a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00285a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noninvasive in-vivo measurement of hepatic and cardiac iron. (1992)

This study describes a new noninvasive in-vivo method of appraising human iron stores by nuclear resonance scattering (NRS). Manganese-56 is used as a source of 847 keV gamma rays which scatter resonantly from the iron in the liver and heart of patients with Cooley's anemia (thalassemia major). These patients have heavy iron overload that may lead to cardiac and other organ failure. The NRS iron quantitation of the liver compared favorably, in a linear fashion, with the iron in the liver biopsies. Above initial value, the hepatic iron correlates with the cardiac NRS signal. There is no correlation, however, between liver enzymes and degree of iron load. NRS appears to be a reliable method for measuring cardiac and hepatic iron. It may be repeated as needed to determine the effectiveness, selectivity and compliance to therapy and prognosis.
Principles of Experience-Dependent Neural Plasticity: Implications for Rehabilitation After Brain Damage (2008)

The growing understanding of the nature of brain plasticity raises optimism that this knowledge can be capitalized upon to improve rehabilitation efforts and to optimize functional outcome.
Protect Cloud Computing's Data Using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (2012)

With the fast development and wide application of cloud computing,more and more security accident has been appeared.Though some traditional security measure has been applied, the security problem has become the main abstacle to apply cloud computing technology This paper based on the newly developed fully homomorphic encryption then proposed a data security scheme which can operate encryped data directly on cloud server without decrypt while all communication between client and server is encrypted,it can asure data security at the mean time asure the operate efficiency.
Peopletones (2008)

Mobile phones have the potential to be useful agents for their owners by detecting and reporting situations that are of interest. Several challenges emerge in the case of detecting and reporting nice to know situations. Being alerted of these events may not be of critical importance but may be useful if the user is not busy. For detection, the precision of sensing must be high enough to minimize annoying false notifications, despite the constraints imposed by the inaccuracy of commodity sensors and the limited battery power available on mobile phones. For reporting, the notifications cannot be too obtrusive to the user or those in the vicinity. Peripheral cues are appropriate for conveying information like proximity, but have been studied primarily in settings like offices where sensors and cueing mechanisms can be controlled.