gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Napthyridines. IV. Synthesis of benzo[<i>f</i>]‐1,7‐naphthyridines (1981)

Abstract Benzo[ f ]‐1,7‐naphthyridines have been synthesized from 3‐nitrolepidine ( 3 ) by a sequence involving monobromination of the methyl group of 3 , oxidation of the bromomethyl group to the carboxyladehyde group by Franzen's trimethylamine N ‐oxide procedure, and conversion of the resultant 3‐nitro‐1‐quinoline‐carboxaldehyde ( 6 ) to the benzo[ f ]‐1,7‐naphthyridine by the Borsche modification of the Friedlander cyclization.
The role of distinct p185 <sup>neu</sup> extracellular subdomains for dimerization with the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and EGF-mediated signaling (2001)

The extracellular domain of p185(c-neu) can be viewed as a complex structure of four subdomains, two of which are cysteine-rich subdomains. We have investigated the contribution of these distinct p185(c-neu) extracellular subdomains to p185/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) heteromer formation and EGF-induced heteromeric signaling. Our studies indicate that at least two separate p185 subdomains, a region spanning subdomains I and II and subdomain IV are involved in association of p185 with the EGFR. We also demonstrated that subdomain IV reduced the heteromeric signaling and transforming activities induced by EGF after associating with EGFR. When 126 aa were deleted from subdomain IV, this small subdomain IV-derived fragment could still lead to heterodimers with EGFR and suppress EGF-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and subsequent transformation abilities. These data provide information about trans-inhibitory mechanisms of mutant p185 species and also indicate that both the entire and a part of subdomain IV may represent a therapeutic target for erbB-overexpressing tumors. Finally, these studies define a basic feature of receptor-receptor associations that are determined by cystine-knot containing subdomains.
Comparative Evaluation of Centralized/Decentralized Traffic Routing Policies in Telephone Networks (1985)

International audience
Movement Tracking in Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition (2010)

To translate the gesture performed by the user in a video sequence into meaningful symbols/commands, feature extraction is the first and most crucial step in such systems which measures the detected hand positions and its movement track. We propose an efficient approach based on inter-frame difference (IDF) to handle the hand movement tracking, which is shown to be more robust in the accuracy aspect compared to skin-color based approaches. Computational efficiency is another attractive property that our approach greatly improves the processing frame rate to fulfil the demand of a real-time hand gesture recognition system.
Generalized path expressions (1983)

This paper introduces a modified version of path expressions called Path Rules which can be used as a debugging mechanism to monitor the dynamic behaviour of a computation. Path rules have been implemented in a remote symbolic debugger running on the Three Rivers Computer Corporation PERQ computer under the Accent operating system.
Overcoming the Social and Psychological Barriers to Green Building (2008)

The green building movement has overcome formidable, technical, and economic hurdles in recent years, yet adoption of green building practices within the design and construction field remains low. Major corporations now offer products and services at a scale that is bringing costs down to competitive levels, but environmental sustainability in building design and delivery remains at the early stages of the adoption s-curve. This article argues that environmental progress in the building design and construction industry will continue to stall if the significant social and psychological barriers that remain are not addressed. After surveying the three levels of barriers—individual, organizational, and institutional—the article concludes with strategies for overcoming them. Seven specific strategies are elaborated, namely, issue framing, targeting the right demographic, education, structural and incentive change, indemnifying risk, green building standard improvements, and tax reform.
A Study on Synchronization Control Technique of Dual-Servo Press System (2013)

In this paper, a synchronization control technique of dual-servo motor driven press system is proposed. An independent cascade PID control technique has been applied to the conventional press system for advancement of control stability. However, it is not easy to reduce synchronous error using the independent cascade PID control technique when some different load disturbances are involved in each motor. The eccentric error of the slide caused by the problem degrade the control performance of the BDC(Bottom Dead Center). In order to achieve reduction of the synchronous error between two servo motors and accurate position control simultaneously, a new control scheme comprised with cascade PID control loop and cross-coupling loop is proposed. In simulation using Matlab SIMULINK, the AC servo system is designed. The control performance of proposed technique is compared with conventional control technique to the model of AC servo system. Also, the sub-scale model of dual-servo motor driven press system which can replicate the slide motion is constructed for experimental verification for the performance of the proposed control technique. The cross-coupling control technique reveals more precise and stable performances in the position and synchronization controls.
Fast Handover Pre-Authentication Protocol in 3GPP-WLAN Heterogeneous Mobile Networks (2014)

The demand of ubiquitous communications drives the development of advanced mobile technologies. Meanwhile, recent increases in mobile data usage and the emergence of new IP service applications constitute the motivation to integrate 3GPP cellular mobile systems with broadband WLANs. Since 3GPP and WLAN systems complement each other in terms of infrastructure and network coverage and bandwidth, 3GPP-WLAN Heterogeneous Mobile Networks based on the 3GPP-based Home Network (3GHN) are proposed for meeting the growing demands in high-speed data access on any mobile devices. However, heterogeneous radio access technologies and architectures lead to many interworking issues, such as network transparency, security mechanism, seamless handover, and quality of service. Among of them, security and handover are the major motives to ensure the confidentiality, reliability and continuity of services in 3GPP-WLAN Heterogeneous Mobile Networks. This paper proposes fast handover pre-authentication protocol to reduce the handover authentication latency and authentication signaling overhead during the whole handover session. The proposed protocol supports Intra-Domain Handover Pre-Authentication (Intra-HO Pre-Auth) and Inter-Domain Handover Pre-Authentication (Inter-HO Pre-Auth) for preauthenticating the Mobile User (MS) prior to performing an Inter-domain Handover (Inter-domain HO)/Intra-domain Handover (Intra-domain HO) process. Meanwhile, the reduction in retrieving new Authentication Vector sand key sets from the Home Location Register/Home Subscriber Service/Authentication Center in 3GHN achieves for minimized redundant authentication signaling transactions between 3GPP domains and WLAN domains. In addition, this paper provides simulation results which show that the proposed Intra-HO Pre-Auth achieves 49% handover authentication performance improvement compared to EAP-AKA, and the proposed Inter-HO Pre-Auth achieves 26% handover authentication performance improvement as well.
Characterization of Hypovirus-Derived Small RNAs Generated in the Chestnut Blight Fungus by an Inducible DCL-2-Dependent Pathway (2008)

The disruption of one of two dicer genes, dcl-2, of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica was recently shown to increase susceptibility to mycovirus infection (G. C. Segers, X. Zhang, F. Deng, Q. Sun, and D. L. Nuss, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:12902-12906, 2007). We now report the accumulation of virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs) in hypovirus CHV1-EP713-infected wild-type and dicer gene dcl-1 mutant C. parasitica strains but not in hypovirus-infected dcl-2 mutant and dcl-1 dcl-2 double-mutant strains. The CHV1-EP713 vsRNAs were produced from both the positive and negative viral RNA strands at a ratio of 3:2 in a nonrandom distribution along the viral genome. We also show that C. parasitica responds to hypovirus and mycoreovirus infections with a significant increase (12- to 20-fold) in dcl-2 expression while the expression of dcl-1 is increased only modestly (2-fold). The expression of dcl-2 is further increased ( approximately 35-fold) following infection with a hypovirus CHV1-EP713 mutant that lacks the p29 suppressor of RNA silencing. The combined results demonstrate the biogenesis of mycovirus-derived small RNAs in a fungal host through the action of a specific dicer gene, dcl-2. They also reveal that dcl-2 expression is significantly induced in response to mycovirus infection by a mechanism that appears to be repressed by the hypovirus-encoded p29 suppressor of RNA silencing.
Multi-User Medium Access Control in Wireless Local Area Network (2010)

We propose a multi-user medium access control (MAC) protocol to simultaneously support multi-packet transmission (MPT) and multi-packet reception (MPR) in wireless local area networks. By assuming perfect physical layer functions, we evaluate the maximum number of active stations that can be supported under different traffic arrival rates. Our analysis show that when the number of transmitting antennas is K=2, simultaneous MPT and MPR supports 40~50% more stations than previous multi-user MAC that uses only MPT. The gain increases to 60% when short packets (40 bytes) are used. When K=4, the advantage of MPT+MPR over MPT-only enlarges to 130%. We also investigated the impacts of imperfect physical layer functions and the effects of enabling or disabling RTS/CTS in uplink.
High-reliability flip-chip GaInAs/InP <i>pin</i> photodiode (1990)

Lensed, small-junction, flip-chip GaInAs/InP pin photodiodes were fabricated by introducing planar junction and reliable metallisation structures. Low dark current (<100pA), high quantum efficiency (80%) with large fibre alignment tolerance (42 μm) and also large bandwidth (21 GHz) characteristics were achieved. Aging test carried out at 180 °C for 3000 h confirmed their high reliability.
A 1000-word vocabulary, speaker-independent, continuous live-mode speech recognizer implemented in a single FPGA (2007)

The Carnegie Mellon In Silico Vox project seeks to move best-quality speech recognition technology from its current software-only form into a range of efficient all-hardware implementations. The central thesis is that, like graphics chips, the application is simply too performance hungry, and too power sensitive, to stay as a large software application. As a first step in this direction, we describe the design and implementation of a fully functional speech-to-text recognizer on a single Xilinx XUP platform. The design recognizes a 1000 word vocabulary, is speaker-independent, recognizes continuous (connected) speech, and is a "live mode" engine, wherein recognition can start as soon as speech input appears. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most complex recognizer architecture ever fully committed to a hardware-only form. The implementation is extraordinarily small, and achieves the same accuracy as state-of-the-art software recognizers, while running at a fraction of the clock speed.
Classification of multichannel uterine EMG signals by using unsupervised competitive learning (2011)

Multichannel analysis is an innovative technique used for the analysis of bioelectrical signals. In this paper, we analyzed uterine Electromyogram (EMG) signals recorded by means of a 4×4 electrode matrix positioned on the woman's abdomen by using a multichannel approach. Relevant features were extracted from each channel and fed to a competitive neural network (CNN). First, we evaluated the classification performance of each channel. Then, we compared these performances to see which channel ranks better than the others. Finally, a decision fusion method based on the weighted sum of the individual decision of each channel was tested. The results showed that data can be grouped into 2 different groups. Furthermore, they showed that the classification performance varies according to the position of the electrode. Therefore, when a decision fusion rule was applied, the network yielded better classification accuracy than any individual channel could provide. These encouraging results prove that multichannel analysis can improve the classification of uterine EMG signals.
Extracellular Bacterial Synthesis of Protein-Functionalized Ferromagnetic Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanocrystals and Imaging of Self-Organization of Bacterial Cells under Stress after Exposure to Metal Ions (2008)

Co3O4, which crystallizes in the spinel phase at temperatures much higher than ambient temperatures, orders antiferromagnetically below its Neel temperature (∼40 K). However, in nanosize, it shows ferromagnetic ordering due to surface canting, disorder, imperfect oxygen atom coordination, etc. Here, for the first time, we report the synthesis of single-crystalline, ferromagnetic Co3O4 nanoparticles functionalized with proteins (size 5–7 nm) using cobalt acetate as precursor at room temperature in aqueous medium by a metal-tolerant marine bacterium isolated from the coast of the Arabian Sea. Energetically unfavorable change in the oxidation state of Co atoms from (+2 to +3) during synthesis by the bacterial strain was evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect on the morphology of bacterial cells after exposure to the cobalt acetate was imaged by scanning electron microscopy showing cooperative, self-organized, structured colony formation, possibly due to the interbacterial communication under external stress.
Targeted mutations of breast cancer susceptibility gene homologs in mice: lethal phenotypes of Brca1, Brca2, Brca1/Brca2, Brca1/p53, and Brca2/p53 nullizygous embryos. (1997)

Mutations of the human BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes encoding tumor suppressors have been implicated in inherited predisposition to breast and other cancers. Disruption of the homologous mouse genes Brca1 and Brca2 by targeting showed that they both have indispensable roles during embryogenesis, because nullizygous embryos become developmentally retarded and disorganized, and die early in development. In Brca1 mutants, the onset of abnormalities is earlier by one day and their phenotypic features and time of death are highly variable, whereas the phenotype of Brca2 null embryos is more uniform, and they all survive for at least 8.5 embryonic days. Observations with Brca1/Brca2 double nullizygotes raise the possibility that the two developmental pathways could be linked. Interestingly, the impact of the Brca1 or Brca2 null mutation is less severe in a p53 null background.
Detection of defects in groove composite structure using a split ring resonator probe (2021)

Abstract For workpieces with groove composite structure, void defects and uneven filling defects may be introduced during the process of filling the groove with filler materials, which affects the performance and reliability of the product. In this paper, a microwave near-field probe composed of the microstrip line coupled with a split ring resonator is presented for non-destructive testing of filler materials in the groove. The splits of the split-ring resonator are extended, which improves the electric field concentration ability. The resonant frequency shift of the probe is used to analyze the characterization of the defects. Different types of defects with different dimensions and depths are tested in the experiment. The experimental results prove that the proposed probe has the capability to accurately detect defects in the groove composite structure.
Functional Expression of the<i>DUR3</i>Gene in a Wine Yeast Strain to Minimize Ethyl Carbamate in Chardonnay Wine (2009)

During alcoholic fermentation <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> metabolizes arginine to ornithine and urea. Urea can be metabolized by wine yeasts; however, the presence of good nitrogen sources in grape must leads to transcriptional suppression of genes involved in urea import and metabolism. Urea is subsequently exported out of the cell where it spontaneously reacts with ethanol in wine to form the carcinogen ethyl carbamate (EC). Constitutive expression of <i>DUR1,2</i> in the wine yeast UC Davis 522 (Montrachet) leads to an 89% reduction in the EC content of Chardonnay wine. To reabsorb urea secreted into fermenting grape must by non-urea-degrading yeast, we constitutively expressed the <i>DUR3</i> gene under the control of the <i>S. cerevisiae PGK1</i> promoter and terminator signals and integrated this linear cassette into the <i>TRP1</i> locus of <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strain 522. The urea-importing strain 522<sup>DUR3</sup> reduced EC by 81% in Chardonnay wine and was shown to be approximately four times as effective as the urea-degrading strain 522<sup>DUR1,2</sup> at reducing EC in Chardonnay wine made from must with high endogenous urea levels.
Texture features and learning similarity (1996)

This paper addresses two important issues related to texture pattern retrieval: feature extraction and similarity search. A Gabor feature representation for textured images is proposed, and its performance in pattern retrieval is evaluated on a large texture image database. These features compare favorably with other existing texture representations. A simple hybrid neural network algorithm is used to learn the similarity by simple clustering in the texture feature space. With learning similarity the performance of similar pattern retrieval improves significantly. An important aspect of this work is its application to real image data. Texture feature extraction with similarity learning is used to search through large aerial photographs. Feature clustering enables efficient search of the database as our experimental results indicate.
[A preliminary study on telomerase activity in lung cancer patients' bronchoscopically biopsied specimens.]. (2000)

Lung cancer tissues have detectable telomerase activity. Detection of telomerase activity in bronchoscopic biopsied specimens may be helpful in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Endothelial Regulation of Vasomotion in ApoE-Deficient Mice (2001)

Reactive oxygen species may alter endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation not only by the interaction of O(2)(*-) with NO(*) but also through interactions between peroxynitrite and tetrahydrobiopterin. Peroxynitrite oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin may represent a pathogenic cause of "uncoupling" of NO synthase.
Using Automated Tools to Improve Web Site Usage by Users with Diverse Abilities (2018)

The World Wide Web plays an important role in our society—enabling broader access to information and services than was previously available. However, Website usability and accessibility are still a problem. Numerous, automated, evaluation and transformation tools are available to help Web developers build better sites for users with diverse needs. A survey of these automated tools is presented in the context of the user abilities they support. Furthermore, the efficacy of a subset of these tools based on empirical studies is discussed, along with ways to improve existing tools and future research areas.
Managing Hyper‐V Using VMM (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Understanding Hyper-V Requirements Understand Deployment Considerations Managing Hyper-V Hosts and Virtual Machines The Bottom Line
Design of secure communications network system based on data encryption and digital signature (2011)

This paper proposes a kind of Identity-Based Cryptograph (IBC) technique which based on password identification, we give a corresponding brief introduction on the characteristics, composition, and basic function of IBC , also expatiates the implement principle of IBC. We designed a network security communication system which is based on data encryption and digital signature technology. The system is practical not only because it can realize secure communication between users, but also it is much more easier to implement than others, it consists of a private key generator (PKG) and two clients. The Clients can generate users' private key by combine their own identifying information with the private key generator, the key generators send the private key to the corresponding client through secret channels and open the corresponding system parameters. Then through the private key and the corresponding identifying information, clients can encrypt, transport, decrypt information and it also can do digital signature or verify signatures and so on, so that secure communications between users can be achieved.
Cutting Edge: Sanglifehrin A, a Novel Cyclophilin-Binding Immunosuppressant Blocks Bioactive IL-12 Production by Human Dendritic Cells (2003)

Sanglifehrin A (SFA) is a novel cyclophilin-binding immunosuppressant with an unknown mechanism of action. IL-12p70 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmune diseases. We discovered that SFA abrogates bioactive IL-12p70 production by human dendritic cells, the major producers of this cytokine. In direct comparison to the related calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A and the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin, SFA acts uniquely within 1 h to inhibit (80-95%) IL-12p70 production by differentiated dendritic cells. Experiments with Toll-like receptor 3 and 4 ligands show a stimulus-independent suppression. Competitive experiments with a molar excess of cyclosporin A indicate a cyclophilin A-independent blockade of IL-12p70 production. We confirm potent inhibition of IL-12p70 production by SFA using purified human blood DC. Real-time RT-PCR reveals 84-94% suppression of IL-12p40, IL-12p35, and IL-23-specific p19 transcription. These novel insights into the immunosuppressive action of SFA are likely to impact on the clinical use of this agent.
Comparative analysis of SRAM memories used as PUF primitives (2012)

In this publication we present the results of our investigations into the reliability and uniqueness of Static Random Access Memories (SRAMs) in different technology nodes when used as a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF). The comparative analysis that can be found in this publication is the first ever of its kind, using different SRAM memories in technologies ranging from 180nm to 65nm. Each SRAM memory presents a unique and unpredictable start-up pattern when being powered up. In order to use an SRAM as a PUF in an application, the stability of its start-up patterns needs to be assured under a wide variety of conditions such as temperature and applied voltage. Furthermore the start-up patterns of different memories must be unique and contain sufficient entropy. This paper presents the results of tests that investigate these properties of different SRAM memory technology nodes. Furthermore, it proposes the construction of a fuzzy extractor, which can be used in combination with the tested memories for extracting secure cryptographic keys.