gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SQALE Analysis Model: An Analysis Model Compliant with the Representation Condition for Assessing the Quality of Software Source Code (2010)

This paper presents the analysis model of the assessment method of software source code SQALE (Software Quality Assessment Based on Lifecycle Expectations). We explain what brought us to develop consolidation rules based in remediation indices. We describe how the analysis model can be implemented in practice.
Strictly Polyphosphate-Dependent Glucokinase in a Polyphosphate-Accumulating Bacterium, <i>Microlunatus phosphovorus</i> (2003)

ATP-dependent glucokinase is suggested to have evolved from a hypothetical polyphosphate (polyP)-dependent glucokinase (polyP-GK) via a bifunctional polyP/ATP glucokinase (polyP/ATP-GK). Here we showed that polyP-GK is present in a polyP-accumulating bacterium, Microlunatus phosphovorus. The polyP-GK produced glucose-6-P(i) from glucose and polyP, but it could not phosphorylate glucose with ATP. The polyP-GK was most closely related to the polyP/ATP-GK of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
A randomised crossover trial of facemask efficacy. (2004)

The efficacy of different facemasks that can be used in the delivery of aerosol medication to children with recurrent wheeze or asthma was investigated. The results showed a statistically significant difference between some of the masks used, which has important implications for current clinical practice
A Charge Coupled Device Array Detector for Single-Wavelength and Multiwavelength Ultraviolet Absorbance in Capillary Electrophoresis (1999)

A fundamental limitation to the use of single-point absorbance detection for capillary electrophoresis is irradiance, since it is not possible to create an image at the detection point on capillary that is brighter than the light source. This limitation may be overcome by illuminating a length of the capillary using a fiber-optic bundle and using a charge coupled device (CCD) camera that can image the full length of the illuminated zone. The present paper describes design and development of a CCD detector for UV absorbance that can be used in both multiwavelength and single-wavelength modes. The CCD camera images analyte peaks in the capillary dimension, together with wavelength-resolved absorbance in the dimension perpendicular to the capillary. Successive snapshots of the peaks are added together, after appropriate correction for time-dependent peak displacement, without sacrificing spatial resolution. Measured baseline rms noise values at 200 nm are 34 μAU using a holographic grating in multiwavelength mode and 8 μAU with the addition of a band-pass filter. Both values are in excellent agreement with calculations of limiting shot noise. Performance in multiwavelength mode is constrained by the 470-ms readout time of the CCD used, which sets a maximum duty cycle of 2.3%. Noise contributions from source intensity fluctuations are reduced by using a portion of the CCD image to provide a baseline reference signal. With 4-hydroxybenzoate as test analyte, the linear dynamic range in multiwavelength mode is shown to be between 3 and 4 orders of magnitude. High-quality spectra of 2-, 3-, and 4-methylbenzoates are obtained on capillary and used in deconvolution of closely migrating peaks of the 2- and 3-isomers.
Comparison of cross-platform mobile development tools (2012)

Mobiles are an integral part of daily life. With time, customers are expecting good and very versatile applications in less time. It is a big challenge to develop high performance mobile applications in this competitive market that would meet the expectation of customers. Mobile operating systems vendors are giving their best available resources for making applications in more convenient ways, although the development of new applications for each mobile operating system in short time is fairly a problem. Cross-platform mobile application development tools contribute in solving this problem largely. This paper presents a pragmatic comparison among four very popular cross platform tools, which are Rhodes, PhoneGap, DragonRad and MoSync. One of the main focuses of the comparison is to provide an overview on the availability of application programming interfaces, programming languages, supported mobile operating systems, licences, and integrated development environments. Furthermore, it also presents some critical points such as the factor of extensibility in tools and the effects that they may bring on market share. The comparison is aimed at supporting developers to make the right choice with respect to their needs/constraints.
RGB-D object discovery via multi-scene analysis (2011)

We introduce an algorithm for object discovery from RGB-D (color plus depth) data, building on recent progress in using RGB-D cameras for 3-D reconstruction. A set of 3-D maps are built from multiple visits to the same scene. We introduce a multi-scene MRF model to detect objects that moved between visits, combining shape, visibility, and color cues. We measure similarities between candidate objects using both 2-D and 3-D matching, and apply spectral clustering to infer object clusters from noisy links. Our approach can robustly detect objects and their motion between scenes even when objects are textureless or have the same shape as other objects.
Research on Low Power Marine Current Power Generation System (2013)

This study proposes a simple topological structure and power control method for a small scale stand alone marine current system, in which a diode rectifier, DC/DC boost converter for the maximum power control, battery as a storage element and a single phase inverter to link with load. The study establishes the steady-state mathematical model of marine current power generation system and derives the formula between the maximum power point and dc battery voltage. Then use the measurements of DC voltage and DC current to obtain Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) by controlling the duty cycle of the boost converter switch in order to simplify the system structure and the control strategies. In this case, the hill climbing searching algorithm is employed to get maximum power point and the double closed loops control strategy is used to improve the dynamic and static performance of single phase inverter. The simulation model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink. And the control method is executed in dSPACE1104 real-time platform. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed control strategies.
Selective radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma (2011)

The authors report a site-specific series of patients with HN MCC who received RT. In this group of patients with adverse features, RT was well tolerated, and LRF was low. The propensity for MCC to recur at the edge of the treatment field suggests that generous margins are appropriate when RT is administered.
A pareto-based GA for scheduling HPC applications on distributed cloud infrastructures (2011)

Reducing energy consumption is an increasingly important issue in cloud computing, more specifically when dealing with High Performance Computing (HPC). Minimizing energy consumption can significantly reduce the amount of energy bills and then increases the provider's profit. In addition, the reduction of energy decreases greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, many researches are carried out to develop new methods in order to consume less energy. In this paper, we present a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MO-GA) that optimizes the energy consumption, CO^ emissions and the generated profit of a geographically distributed cloud computing infrastructure. We also pro pose a greedy heuristic that aims to maximize the number of scheduled applications in order to compare it with the MO-GA. The two approaches have been experimented using realistic workload traces from Feitelson's PWA Parallel Workload Archive. The results show that MO-GA outperforms the greedy heuristic by a significant margin in terms of energy consumption and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions. In addition, MO-GA is also proved to be slightly better in terms of profit while scheduling more applications.
Muscle fiber atrophy in leg muscles after botulinum toxin type A treatment of cervical dystonia (1997)

Previous electrophysiologic studies on the effects of local injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) have indicated impaired neuromuscular transmission in distant muscles. To further study possible distant effects of repeated BTX-A injections, we obtained percutaneous muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle from 11 patients with cervical dystonia. We examined the biopsies with histopathology and morphometry, and compared them with age-matched healthy controls. There was an increased frequency of angular atrophic type IIB fibers in the patient group, and the mean size of IIB fibers was significantly smaller (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a negative correlation between accumulated dose of botulinum toxin and relative size of type IIA fibers (p < 0.05). We postulate that the observed atrophy is due to distant effects of botulinum toxin causing progressive denervation-like changes in non-treated muscle. This observation calls for further, prospective studies of the long-term effects of the treatment.
A Search for Best Error Metrics to Predict Discrimination of Original and Spectrally Altered Musical Instrument Sounds (2004)

The correspondence of various spectral difference error metrics to human discrimination data was investigated. Time-varying harmonic amplitude data were obtained from the spectral analysis of eight musical instrument sounds (bassoon, clarinet, flute, horn, oboe, saxophone, trumpet, and violin). Sounds were resynthesized with various levels of random spectral alteration ranging from 1 to 50\\%. Listeners were asked to discriminate the randomly altered sounds from reference sounds resynthesized from the original data. Then several formulas designed to predict discrimination performance were evaluated by calculating the correspondence between the discrimination data and the associated spectral difference measurements. Averaged over the eight instruments, the best correspondence was achieved using a spectral error metric based on linear harmonic amplitude differences normalized by rms amplitude and raised to a power a. While an optimum correspondence of 91\\% was achieved for a = 0.64, good correspondence occurred over a wide range of a. For linear harmonic amplitudes without rms normalization, good correspondence occurred within a narrower range, with a maximum correspondence of 88\\%. Correspondence was approximately 80\\% for decibel-amplitude differences over an even narrower range. Other error metrics such as those based on critical-band grouping of components worked well but did not give any improvement over the method based on harmonic amplitudes, and in some cases yielded worse results. Spectral differences using a small number of representative frames emphasizing attack and decay transients yielded results slightly better than using all frames.
A Role for the Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin in Biofilm Formation by <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> El Tor (1999)

While much has been learned regarding the genetic basis of host-pathogen interactions, less is known about the molecular basis of a pathogen's survival in the environment. Biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces represents a survival strategy utilized by many microbes. Here it is shown that Vibrio cholerae El Tor does not use the virulence-associated toxin-coregulated pilus to form biofilms on borosilicate but rather uses the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) pilus, which plays no role in pathogenicity. In contrast, attachment of V. cholerae to chitin is shown to be independent of the MSHA pilus, suggesting divergent pathways for biofilm formation on nutritive and nonnutritive abiotic surfaces.
Disturbance analysis tool based on synchrophasor data (2014)

Indian grid is among the largest synchronous grid in the world. With rapid growth in demand and generation and increased complexity in transmission network, the grid operation is becoming challenging day by day. With increased complexity, power system dynamic state visualization has a major role in grid operation. This has been achieved with the introduction of Synchrophasor Measurement Units also known as Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). With the help of PMU, the grid dynamics now can be monitored at sub-second level at control centre. With the help of the sub-second data and phasor information, the power system fault can be easily diagnosed in real time which will help the operator in reducing the after effects and restoration time. This paper is focused on the development of Disturbance Analysis (DA) tool for analyzing faults in the grid using synchrophasor data and its localization at control centre. This will help operator in immediately accessing the fault and taking corrective measures. Various case studies analyzed using the developed DA Tool are discussed in the paper. This tool has eased the process of analysis and reduced the time for detailed analysis of grid event which has increased the operator confidence level during restoration. This tool has laid the path forward for the development of analysis tools as per the user conveyance to monitor the grid.
Isolation and Characterization of A. hydrophila from the Al-Jadryia River in Baghdad (Iraq) (2014)

In this paper, we described detection of Aeromonas.hydrophila in water of AL-Jadryia river (Baghdad city, Iraq), during the period from July,2012 to April, 2013. The samples collected from water of Jaderia river and transfer to Bacteriology laboratory for diagnosis. A.hydrophila isolates which were diagnosed by three methods (Culture method, biochemical tests, Api20E system), in Culture method was isolated (71) isolate on blood agar and TCBS media and (44) isolates by biochemical tests while Api20E kit was the important method for diagnosis, which has led to isolate and diagnosis of (36) isolate of A.hydrophila. Also which used the PCR method of gene Tetracycline gene (tetA-E) was the best methods for diagnosis, which has led to isolate and diagnosis as (27) isolates of A.hydrophila have tetA-E sequence gene of all samples. The virulence factors of bacteria were detected and showed that all isolates produced of heamolysin, protease, lipase enzymes and also detection of tetracycline resistant gene of these samples.
A Calcium-Collagen Chelate Dietary Supplement Attenuates Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2014)

Menopause leads to an increased risk for osteoporosis in women. Although drug therapies exist, increasing numbers of people prefer alternative therapies such as dietary supplements, for example, calcium, vitamin D, and collagen hydrolysates for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. We have previously shown that a 3-month intervention using a calcium-collagen chelate (CC) dietary supplement was efficacious in improving bone mineral density (BMD) and blood biomarkers of bone turnover in osteopenic postmenopausal women. This study reports the long-term efficacy of CC in reducing bone loss in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Thirty-nine women were randomly assigned to one of two groups: 5 g of CC containing 500 mg of elemental calcium and 200 IU vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) or control (500 mg of calcium and 200 IU vitamin D) daily for 12 months. Total body, lumbar, and hip BMD were evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood was collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months to assess levels of blood biomarkers of bone turnover. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance pairwise comparisons and multivariate analysis to assess time and group interactions. The loss of whole body BMD in women taking CC was substantially lower than that of the control group at 12 months in those who completed the study and the ITT analysis, respectively (CC: -1.33% and -0.33% vs. control: -3.75% and -2.17%; P=.026, P=.035). The CC group had significantly reduced levels of sclerostin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAP5b) (P<.05), and higher bone-specific alkaline phosphatase/TRAP5b ratio (P<.05) than control at 6 months. These results support the use of CC in reducing bone loss in osteopenic postmenopausal women.
Observation of a Cyclotron Harmonic Spike in Microwave-Induced Resistances in Ultraclean<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>GaAs</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>AlGaAs</mml:mi></mml:math>Quantum Wells (2010)

We report the observation of a colossal, narrow resistance peak that arises in ultraclean (mobility ∼3×10⁷ cm²/V s) GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells (QWs) under millimeter wave irradiation and a weak magnetic field. Such a spike is superposed on the 2nd harmonic microwave-induced resistance oscillations (MIRO) but having an amplitude >300% of the MIRO, and a typical FWHM ∼50 mK, comparable with the Landau level width. Systematic studies show a correlation between the spike and a pronounced negative magnetoresistance in these QWs, suggesting a mechanism based on the interplay of strong scatterers and smooth disorder. Alternatively, the spike may be interpreted as a manifestation of quantum interference between the quadrupole resonance and the higher-order cyclotron transition in well-separated Landau levels.
Recovery of Lactose from Aqueous Solutions: Precipitation with Magnesium Chloride and Sodium Hydroxide (1981)

Precipitation of lactose from aqueous solution was investigated with magnesium chloride and sodium hydroxide as precipitating agents. Variables examined were effects of molar ratios of sodium hydroxide to magnesium chloride and of the latter to lactose, reaction temperature, reaction time, and solubility of the lactose-magnesium hydroxide adduct. Lactose precipitation was increased to a molar ratio of hydroxide to chloride of 2.0. With that molar ratio at 2.0, precipitation of lactose increased with increasing molar ratio of chloride to lactose to 7.0. The precipitation mechanism is hypothesized to consist of two simultaneous reactions: 1) Precipitation of a soluble lactose.magnesium hydroxide adduct when its concentration in solution becomes greater than its solubility. 2) Adsorption of the soluble lactose-magnesium hydroxide adduct upon the colloidal particles of relatively insoluble magnesium hydroxide and subsequent coprecipitation. Compositional molar ratio, magnesium hydroxide to lactose, in the precipitate was significantly high, 10:1, and 30% higher than that of a lactose'calcium hydroxide precipitate. Higher reaction temperatures decrease lactose precipitation.
Chinese Women Unbound: An Analysis of Women's Emancipation in China (2003)

"Chinese Women Unbound" gives a brief historical background of the status of women in China and presents a well documented history of the evolutionary process of Chinese women's emancipation-from the first missionary school for girls in the 1840s, to the first females admitted to Beijing University in the late 1920s, the marriage law of 1950, and the divorce rate in the 1990s, among other events. The paper also discusses Chinese women's involvement in the 1911-1912 revolution, the Communist revolution, and the modernization of Chinese economy. In narrating this evolutionary process, Moeller analyses the various forces behind the changes, as well as the social, cultural, and political issues that were intertwined with the women's movement in China. The original version is 24- pages long; the article presented here is a condensation made for this publication by the author.
A framework for classifier adaptation and its applications in concept detection (2008)

There is often a need to adapt supervised classifiers such as semantic concept detectors across different domains of data. This paper describes a generic framework for function-level classifier adaptation based on regularized loss minimization. It directly modifies the decision function of an existing classifier of any type into a classifier for a new domain, based on limited labeled data in the new domain and no "old data", which makes it an efficient and flexible framework. We then extend this framework to adapt multiple classifiers into one classifier, with the weights of existing classifiers learned automatically to reflect their utility. We elaborate on two concrete adaptation algorithms derived from the framework, namely adaptive SVM and multi-adaptive SVM, for one-to-one and many-to-one adaptation respectively. In the experiments of adapting semantic concept detectors across video channels/types, our adaptation approach is proven to be superior to using original (unadapted) classifiers or building new ones in terms of accuracy and labeling effort.
Clinical courses and complications of young adults with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) (2019)

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe pediatric hepatorenal disorder with pronounced phenotypic variability. A substantial number of patients with early diagnosis reaches adulthood and some patients are not diagnosed until adulthood. Yet, clinical knowledge about adult ARPKD patients is scarce. Here, we describe forty-nine patients with longitudinal follow-up into young adulthood that were identified in the international ARPKD cohort study ARegPKD. Forty-five patients were evaluated in a cross-sectional analysis at a mean age of 21.4 (±3.3) years describing hepatorenal findings. Renal function of native kidneys was within CKD stages 1 to 3 in more than 50% of the patients. Symptoms of hepatic involvement were frequently detected. Fourteen (31%) patients had undergone kidney transplantation and six patients (13%) had undergone liver transplantation or combined liver and kidney transplantation prior to the visit revealing a wide variability of clinical courses. Hepatorenal involvement and preceding complications in other organs were also evaluated in a time-to-event analysis. In summary, we characterize the broad clinical spectrum of young adult ARPKD patients. Importantly, many patients have a stable renal and hepatic situation in young adulthood. ARPKD should also be considered as a differential diagnosis in young adults with fibrocystic hepatorenal disease.
Radioactive Tracers in Medicine (1971)

From an esoteric subject with perhaps one or two clinical applications to a full-fledged medical discipline relevant to everyday practice, nuclear medicine has grown exponentially in the past two decades. What are its present uses? Wherein lie its future potentials? How can one define the principles and techniques of value to the physician seeking to broaden his diagnostic and therapeutic spectrum?
Factors affecting the design of optical FDM information distribution systems (1990)

Major factors affecting optical frequency division multiplexing (FDM) distribution system design are described. In particular, multiplexing/distribution configuration and channel-selection methods are compared from the viewpoint of the number of channels, the number of subscribers, and the transmission distance. The applicability of optical fiber amplifiers to the optical FDM information-distribution network is also discussed. The experimental results of a 5 GHz spaced 16-channel FDM distribution/transmission at 622 Mb/s, using a waveguide frequency-selection switch (tunable filter) and a multicarrier frequency-stabilization technique, are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>