gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conserved Residues and Motifs in the NixA Protein ofHelicobacter pylori Are Critical for the High Affinity Transport of Nickel Ions (1998)

NixA, the high affinity nickel transport protein of Helicobacter pylori, imports Ni2+ ions across the cytoplasmic membrane for insertion into the active site of the urease metalloenzyme, which is essential for colonization of the gastric mucosa. Twelve conserved aspartate (aspartates 47, 49, 55, 194, 231, and 234), glutamate (glutamates 106, 198, and 274), and histidine (histidines 44, 50, and 79) residues were identified by alignment of NixA with homologous transporters. Polymerase chain reaction-generated site-directed mutants of these residues were expressed in E. coli along with the H. pylori urease gene cluster. Mutations in residues within the predicted periplasmic domains of NixA maintained near wild type levels of Ni2+ uptake and urease activity, as did control mutations of conserved positively charged residues (lysines 140 and 268; arginines 162 and 167). Mutations in highly conserved motifs in predicted helices II and III of NixA abolished Ni2+ uptake and urease activity. Mutations in helices V and VI and the cytoplasmic domains decreased Ni2+ transport rates by >/=90%. Reduction in rates of Ni2+ transport correlated with reduction in urease activities (r = 0.77). Ni2+ transport was inhibited in the presence of Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+, indicating that these ions may also be bound or transported by NixA. We conclude that conserved Asp, Glu, and His residues in the transmembrane domains of NixA are critical for the transport of the divalent cations Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ into the cytoplasm of H. pylori.
Synthesis and Biochemical Characterization of an Analogue of CheY-Phosphate, a Signal Transduction Protein in Bacterial Chemotaxis (1998)

CheY is a signal transduction protein of the bacterial chemotaxis system that acts as a molecular switch to alter the swimming behavior of the bacterium. When CheY becomes phosphorylated at Asp57, CheY-Pi interacts with flagellar motor proteins, including FliM, to increase the likelihood that the flagellar motor will change its sense of rotation, increasing the frequency of tumbling. The structure of CheY in its dephosphorylated (inactive) state has been intensively investigated. The short lifetime ( approximately 20 s) of the aspartyl phosphate has precluded the complete structural determination of CheY-Pi. We have synthesized an analogue of CheY-Pi by alkylating an aspartate-to-cysteine mutant at position 57 of CheY to add a phosphonomethyl group at Cys57. This analogue, phosphono-CheY, is stable for months. Phosphono-CheY binds to two of the targets of CheY-Pi, FliM and CheZ, in a manner similar to that of CheY-Pi and much better than either unphosphorylated CheY or the unmodified form of D57C CheY. Phosphono-CheY also binds Mg(II) with a dissociation constant of approximately 6 mM at neutral pH and moderate salt level. These observations indicate that phosphono-CheY is a good biochemical analogue of CheY-Pi.
A New Thermal Rating Approach: The Real Time Thermal Rating System for Strategic Overhead Conductor Transmission Lines Part IV Daily Comparisons of Real-Time and Conventional Thermal Rating and Establishment of Typical Annual Weather Models (1980)

For the first time, comparisons are given between the real- time thermal capacity and conventional ratings derived from fixed value weather parameters. If conventional normal ampacity ratings, established from these conservative weather parameters, are applied to system peak day weather conditions, it is shown that the conductor temperature, depending on transmission line azimuth, can be much greater than the allowable limit and line to ground clearances could be reduced. This is primarily due to the absence of wind direction being considered as a relevant parameter in the determination of the conventional rating.
Photosynthetic performance of a helical tubular photobioreactor incorporating the cyanobacterium <i>spirulina platensis</i> (1995)

The photosynthetic performance of a helical tubular photobioreactor ("Biocoil"), incorporating the filamentous cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis, was investigated. The photobioreactor was constructed in a cylindrical shape (0.9 m high) with a 0.25-m(2)basal area and a photostage comprising 60 m of transparent PVC tubing of 1.6-cm inner diameter (volume = 12.1 L). The inner surface of the cylinder (area = 1.32 m(2)) was illuminated with cool white fluorescent lamps; the energy input of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR, 400 to 700 nm) into the photobioreactor was 2920 kJ per day. An air-lift system ncorporating 4%CO(2) was used to circulate the growth medium in the tubing. The maximum productivity achieved in batch culture was 7.18 g dry biomass per day [0.51 g . d biomass/L . day, or 5.44 g . d biomass/m(2)(inner surface of cylindrical shape)/day] which corresponded to a photosynthetic (PAR) efficiency of 5.45%. The CO(2) was efficiently removed from the gaseous stream; monitoring the CO(2) the outlet and inlet gas streams showed a 70% removal of CO(2) from the inlet gas over an 8-h period with almost maximum growth rate. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[Intestinal absorption and renal excretion mediated by transporters and the relationship with drug-drug interaction]. (2010)

Drug-drug interaction (DDI) is referred as the changes of physical and chemical properties, as well as the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of drugs administered simultaneously or consecutively. The clinical results for drug-drug interaction could be divided into good clinical efficacy and adverse interaction. With the kinds of drugs increasing every year, new drug resistances spring up frequently. This phenomenon makes drug combination increased so that the drug interaction, especially the adverse interaction emerged. The mechanisms of in vivo drug-drug interaction are relevant to a number of factors, including drug-metabolizing enzyme systems and membrane transporters. Recent studies have revealed the important role played by transporters in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. In order to avoid severe side effects mediated by transporters and to promote rational combination in clinics, the mechanisms of intestinal absorption and renal excretion mediated by transporters are reviewed.
Survey of Neural Transfer Functions (1999)

The choice of transfer functions may strongly influence complexity and performance of neural networks. Although sigmoidal transfer functions are the most common there is no a priori reason why models based on such functions should always provide optimal decision borders. A large number of alternative transfer functions has been described in the literature. A taxonomy of activation and output functions is proposed, and advantages of various non-local and local neural transfer functions are discussed. Several less-known types of transfer functions and new combinations of activation/output functions are described. Universal transfer functions, parametrized to change from localized to delocalized type, are of greatest interest. Other types of neural transfer functions discussed here include functions with activations based on nonEuclidean distance measures, bicentral functions, formed from products or linear combinations of pairs of sigmoids, and extensions of such functions making rotations of localized decision borders in highly dimensional spaces practical. Nonlinear input preprocessing techniques are briefly described, offering an alternative way to change the shapes of decision borders.
A real time, wearable ECG and blood pressure monitoring system (2011)

In this paper, a wearable medical device for Electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure monitoring is presented. Its basis is a validated and certified existent medical device. This device was evolved in order to allow new physiological signal monitoring and real time assessment of blood pressure levels by adding a photoplethismography (PPG) probe and the incorporation of new algorithms in an online interface. The device presents accuracies of 94.6% for systolic blood pressure and 92.3% for systolic blood pressure when compared with reference values obtained from a commercial electronic Sphygmomanometer.
Impact of Line Tension on the Equilibrium Shape of Liquid Droplets on Patterned Substrates (2002)

We studied the morphology of liquid droplets on substrates with a lateral wettability pattern using numerical calculations. We analyzed the influence of the wettability contrast, the sharpness of the transitions between adjacent hydrophilic and hydrophobic stripes, and the line tension of the three-phase contact line on the modulation amplitude of the latter and on the shape of the liquid−vapor interface. In the presence of lateral variations of the line tension, we found that the modulation of the contact angle along the contact line is controlled by the local wettability of the substrate, by the local curvature of the contact line, and by gradients of the line tension. This result confirms a recently published theoretical extension of the modified Young equation.1 Furthermore, the numerical calculations demonstrate that and show how the line tension can be extracted from atomic force microscopy measurements of liquid droplets on patterned substrates.
Smart Grid Brings New Opportunities for Development of Low Voltage Apparatus (2010)

Based on the analysis of the smart grid's development trends and characteristics in USA,Europe and China,the relation between low voltage apparatus and smart grid was described.That the intelligent low voltage apparatus was the core appliance device of control and protection of the client intelligent distribution network,and that the intelligentization of low voltage apparatus was the significant basis of the construction of strong smart grid were pointed out.The smart grid client's concept,framework and core technology and main characteristics of the new generation low voltage apparatus which suits the smart grid among the client systems.In addition,the opportunities and prospects which the construction of smart grid brought to the industry of low voltage apparatus were suggested.
Pimelic Acid as a Degradation Product of Azelaic Acid by Yeasts (1984)

Journal Article Pimelic Acid as a Degradation Product of Azelaic Acid by Yeasts Get access Masahiro Ohsugi, Masahiro Ohsugi Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Mukogawa Women’s University,, Nishinomiya 663, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kayoko Miyauchi, Kayoko Miyauchi Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Mukogawa Women’s University,, Nishinomiya 663, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yasuko Inoue Yasuko Inoue Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Mukogawa Women’s University,, Nishinomiya 663, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 48, Issue 7, 1 July 1984, Pages 1881–1882, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1984.10866413 Published: 01 July 1984 Article history Received: 06 October 1983 Published: 01 July 1984
Orchestrate: Infrastructure for Enabling Parallelism during Hyperparameter Optimization (2018)

Two key factors dominate the development of effective production grade machine learning models. First, it requires a local software implementation and iteration process. Second, it requires distributed infrastructure to efficiently conduct training and hyperparameter optimization. While modern machine learning frameworks are very effective at the former, practitioners are often left building ad hoc frameworks for the latter. We present SigOpt Orchestrate, a library for such simultaneous training in a cloud environment. We describe the motivating factors and resulting design of this library, feedback from initial testing, and future goals.
Improving the quality of protein crystals through purification by isoelectric focusing. (1982)

Preparative flat-bed gel isoelectric focusing has reduced or eliminated observed heterogeneity in three different proteins, thereby greatly improving the quality of crystals grown from each of them. This improvement is manifested both in crystal size and in increased measurability of diffraction data. Isoelectric focusing is a general and nondestructive technique that may facilitate the crystallographic study of proteins which are biologically interesting, but which, for reasons of microheterogeneity, do not yield diffraction quality crystals.
236. Addition of βγ-unsaturated alcohols to the active methylene group. Part II. The action of ethyl acetoacetate on cinnamyl alcohol and phenylvinylcarbinol (1940)

M. F. Carroll, J. Chem. Soc., 1940, 1266 DOI: 10.1039/JR9400001266
The effects of inositol, crystalline vitamin B1 and “pantothenic acid” on the growth of different strains of yeast (1934)

Research Article| January 01 1934 The effects of inositol, crystalline vitamin B1 and “pantothenic acid” on the growth of different strains of yeast Roger John Williams; Roger John Williams 1The Chemical Laboratory of Oregon State College Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Donald Herbert Saunders Donald Herbert Saunders 1The Chemical Laboratory of Oregon State College Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1934) 28 (5): 1887–1893. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0281887 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Roger John Williams, Donald Herbert Saunders; The effects of inositol, crystalline vitamin B1 and “pantothenic acid” on the growth of different strains of yeast. Biochem J 1 January 1934; 28 (5): 1887–1893. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0281887 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1934 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1934 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Human-Centered Metal Hydride Actuator Systems for Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology (2011)

Metal hydride materials can store a huge amount of hydrogen and can convert energy due to enthalpy change through a hydride reaction. Artificial actuation systems that employ this special physicochemical property are named metal hydride actuators. The actuators utilize the mechanical energy formed from hydrogen equilibrium pressure through thermal energy given to the metal hydride alloys as output. Metal hydride actuators have a simple structure and a number of features that make them attractive for use in rehabilitation engineering and assistive technology. They provide a high power-to-weight ratio, high strain actuation, human-compatible softness and noiselessness, and they are environmentally benign. The behavior of metal hydride actuators is also useful for overall human-machine interface applications. This article reviews the motivation for the development of some of the leading artificial muscle-like actuators, outlines the metal hydride actuators and describes its applications in quality-of-life technology.
Decreased Number of Self-Paced Saccades in Post-Concussion Syndrome Associated with Higher Symptom Burden and Reduced White Matter Integrity (2017)

The aim of this study was to examine the potential utility of a self-paced saccadic eye movement as a marker of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and monitoring the recovery from PCS. Fifty-nine persistently symptomatic participants with at least two concussions performed the self-paced saccade (SPS) task. We evaluated the relationships between the number of SPSs and 1) number of self-reported concussion symptoms, and 2) integrity of major white matter (WM) tracts (as measured by fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity) that are directly or indirectly involved in saccadic eye movements and often affected by concussion. These tracts included the uncinate fasciculus (UF), cingulum (Cg) and its three subcomponents (subgenual, retrosplenial, and parahippocampal), superior longitudinal fasciculus, and corpus callosum. Mediation analyses were carried out to examine whether specific WM tracts (left UF and left subgenual Cg) mediated the relationship between the number of SPSs and 1) interval from last concussion or 2) total number of self-reported symptoms. The number of SPSs was negatively correlated with the total number of self-reported symptoms (r = -0.419, p = 0.026). The number of SPSs were positively correlated with FA of left UF and left Cg (r = 0.421, p = 0.013 and r = 0.452, p = 0.008; respectively). FA of the subgenual subcomponent of the left Cg partially mediated the relationship between the total number of symptoms and the number of SPSs, while FA of the left UF mediated the relationship between interval from last concussion and the number of SPSs. In conclusion, SPS testing as a fast and objective assessment may reflect symptom burden in patients with PCS. In addition, since the number of SPSs is associated with the integrity of some WM tracts, it may be useful as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with PCS.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Micrometer-Sized Radiopaque Polymeric Particles of Narrow Size Distribution by a Single-Step Swelling of Uniform Polystyrene Template Microspheres for X-ray Imaging Applications (2006)

Radiopaque micron-sized non-cross-linked polystyrene/poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate)) particles of narrow size distribution were prepared by a single-step swelling of uniform polystyrene template microspheres with emulsion droplets of methylene chloride containing the initiator benzoyl peroxide and the iodinated monomer 2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate), followed by the polymerization of the monomer within the swollen template particles at 73 degrees C. Radiopaque micron-sized uniform cross-linked polystyrene/poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate)-divinylbenzene) composite particles were prepared similarly with emulsion droplets of methylene chloride containing divinylbenzene, in addition to the initiator and the iodinated monomer. Radiopaque micron-sized uniform cross-linked poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate)-divinylbenzene) particles were formed by dissolving the template polystyrene polymer belonging to the former cross-linked composite particles. Characterization of these novel radiopaque polymeric particles was performed by methods such as FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEM, XPS, elemental analysis, and light microscopy. The influence of the weight ratio [2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate)]/[polystyrene] and [2-methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate)]/[divinylbenzene] on the bulk and surface properties of the non-cross-linked and cross-linked particles, respectively was elucidated. The radiopacity of these iodinated particles was demonstrated by an imaging technique based on X-ray absorption usually used in hospitals. These novel radiopaque particles may be used for different X-ray imaging needs, e.g., blood pool, body organs, embolization, dental composition, implants, protheses, and nanocomposites.
“Reproductive” Corticotropin‐Releasing Hormone (2006)

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a 41 amino acid peptide, is an important regulatory molecule synthesized by neurons of the parvocellular and magnocellular hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei. It acts as the major physiologic corticotropin (ACTH) secretagogue. The CRH gene is located in humans on chromosome 8. The CRH hormone family has at least four ligands, two receptors (CRH-R1 and CRH-R2), and a binding protein (CRHbp). CRH is the principal regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Furthermore, CRH has been identified in most female reproductive tissues including the uterus, the placenta, and the ovary. CRH produced in the endometrium may participate in decidualization, implantation, and early maternal tolerance to semiallograft embryo. Placental CRH may participate in the physiology of pregnancy, in late pregnancy complications such as preterm labor and preeclampsia, and also in the onset of parturition. Ovarian CRH is involved in follicular maturation, ovulation, and luteolysis. Increased levels of unbound placental CRH may be responsible for the hypercortisolism of the second half of pregnancy. This hypercortisolism is followed by a transient suppression of hypothalamic CRH secretion in the postpartum period. This may explain the depressive states frequently observed in the postpartum period.
Ozone within and below the west coast temperature inversion (1970)

The oxidant concentration in the air over the San Francisco Bay Area and the Pacific Ocean was measured up to an altitude of 2500 m and the observed distribution in the vertical and horizontal has been related to the characteristics and behavior of the west coast temperature inversion. Vertical time sections at fixed points and vertical cross sections were constructed of oxidant concentration, temperature, humidity and winds measured from aircraft and radar. The oxidant concentration in polluted air is strongly dependent on the destruction rate. The mean destruction rate within the surface layer depends directly on the intensity of eddy mixing and inversely on the square of the depth of the vertical mixing. Thus, the existence of a temperature inversion does not necessarily lead to a high concentration of oxidants, since the destruction rate may be high in a shallow mixing layer. The highest oxidant concentration was observed almost invariably at the edges of the west coast marine inversion, where pollutants are available for ozone production and the mixing layer is deep. Explanations are offered for the maxima of ozone that often occur above the inversion base. Distribution patterns of oxidants clearly depict the waving of the inversion layer.