gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel small molecular weight GTP-binding protein with the same putative effector domain as the ras proteins in bovine brain membranes. Purification, determination of primary structure, and characterization. (1988)

In the present studies, we have purified a novel small Mr GTP-binding protein, designated as smg p21, to near homogeneity from bovine brain crude membranes, isolated the complementary DNA (cDNA) of this protein from a bovine brain cDNA library, determined the complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences, and characterized the kinetic properties. The cDNA of smg p21 has an open reading frame encoding a protein of 184 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 20,987. The Mr of purified smg p21 is estimated to be about 22,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Homology search indicates that smg p21 is a novel protein with the consensus amino acid sequences for GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase domains but shares about 55% amino acid sequence homology with the human c-Ha-ras protein. Moreover, smg p21 has the same putative effector domain as the Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras proteins at the same position and the same consensus C-terminal sequence as in these ras proteins. Consistent with these structural properties, smg p21 binds specifically [35S] guanosine 5'-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S), GTP, and GDP with a Kd value for GTP gamma S of about 40 nM. smg p21 binds about 0.7 mol of GTP gamma S/mol of protein. [35S]GTP gamma S-binding to smg p21 is inhibited by pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide.smg p21 hydrolyzes GTP to liberate Pi with a turnover number of about 0.007 min-1. These kinetic properties of smg p21 are similar to those of the c-ras proteins. These results suggest that smg p21 is a novel GTP-binding protein exerting action(s) similar or antagonistic to that (those) of the ras proteins.
Markers of inflammation are inversely associated with V<scp>o</scp><sub>2 max</sub> in asymptomatic men (2006)

We investigated whether markers of inflammation, including a cytokine (IL-6), acute-phase reactants [C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen], and white blood cell (WBC) count are associated with maximal O(2) consumption (Vo(2 max)) in men without coronary heart disease (CHD). In asymptomatic men (n = 172, 51 +/- 9.3 yr old), Vo(2 max) was measured during a symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise test. Physical activity level was assessed by a standardized questionnaire. IL-6 and CRP were measured by immunoassays, fibrinogen by the Clauss method, and WBC count with a Coulter counter. IL-6 and CRP were logarithmically transformed to reduce skewness. Multivariable regression was used to assess whether markers of inflammation were associated with Vo(2 max) after adjustment for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables (physical activity level, percent body fat, and alcohol intake). Vo(2 max) was 34.5 ml.kg(-1).min(-1) (SD 6.1). Log IL-6 (r = -0.38, P < 0.001), log CRP (r = -0.40, P < 0.001), fibrinogen (r = -0.42, P < 0.001), and WBC count (r = -0.22, P = 0.004) were each correlated with Vo(2 max). In separate multivariable linear regression models that adjusted for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables, log IL-6 [beta-coeff = -1.66 +/- 0.63 (SE), P = 0.010], log CRP [beta-coeff = -0.99 +/- 0.33 (SE), P = 0.003], fibrinogen [beta-coeff = -1.51 +/- 0.44 (SE), P = 0.001], and WBC count [beta-coeff = -0.52 +/- 0.30 (SE), P = 0.088] were each inversely associated with Vo(2 max). In conclusion, higher circulating levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen are independently associated with lower Vo(2 max) in asymptomatic men.
NTT Communication Science Laboratories at TRECVID 2010 Content-Based Copy Detection (2010)

In this paper, we describe our approaches that were tested in the TRECVID 2010 Content-Based Copy Detection (CBCD) task. We introduce a method consisting of a feature degeneration and sparse feature selection process for video detection tasks, which is highly robust as regards video signal distortion. For audio detection tasks, we adopt a method based on spectral partitioning to cope with additive interfering sounds. Both methods are key techniques for our Robust Media Search (RMS) technology, which has already been deployed for various commercial services. Evaluation results show the effectiveness of our methods. 1
Assembly Mapping of 30 S Ribosomal Proteins from Escherichia coli (1974)

Further studies were performed on the sequence of addition of proteins to 16 S RNA during the in vitro reconstitution of 30 S ribosomal subunits from Escherichia coli. Direct binding of protein S17 to 16 S RNA was studied in detail, and the following results were obtained: (a) under reconstitution conditions, a maximum of approximately 1 mole of S17 is bound per mole of 16 S RNA, either alone, or in the presence of all other 30 S proteins; (b) S17 binds only to 16 S RNA and not to 23 S RNA; and (c) radioactive S17–16 S RNA complexes are directly converted (without dissociation) to 30 S subunits by the addition of excess unlabeled total 30 S proteins. From these results, we conclude that the binding of S17 to 16 S RNA is specific. We have also determined the positions of S15, S16, S17, and S12 in the assembly map and have clarified subsequent interactions depending on these proteins. A revised assembly map is presented which incorporates the additional information obtained from these experimental results.
Application and Feasibility Analysis of Proactive Anti-cheating Algorithm Based on ML (2020)

Nowadays, most Internet application contents based on modern Internet service providers are realized through human-computer interaction. Therefore, the application scenarios of HCI in life are very wide, and the visual operation path provides great system availability and user-friendliness. And its security is an important fulcrum for service providers (SP) to obtain benefits, or fund transactions between terminals. According to the trigger mechanism of cheating, it is mainly divided into exposure cheating, click cheating, and conversion cheating. Cheating will greatly pollute the network environment and it even violates laws and regulations. Therefore, ISPs are deploying and continuously improving anti-cheat algorithms and mechanisms during the service development stage. The location of these operating mechanisms is generally the network server used by the SP to provide services, and some algorithms and monitoring behaviors significantly increase the load of the server, thereby increasing service costs. Based on machine learning (ML) technology, this paper introduces a feasibility analysis of anti-cheat algorithm for human operation based on object terminal, which is suitable for behavior recognition level and data level. The algorithm learns user behavior through their active participation. It finds the path of the request by combining with packet matching of abnormal behavior characteristic of cheating behavior updated regularly by the service provider. This algorithm also detects cheating behavior through local controller. When the two peers have the same or a high probability of prejudgment after calculation, the server is triggered to actively identify user behavior, using the trust profile to analyze and log the cheating path. The compatibility and friendliness of terminal equipment characteristics and hardware level with AI algorithms in the current environment is helpful to reduce the load caused by the server mounting of the ISP and costs.
Opportunities and challenges in liquid cell electron microscopy (2015)

Transmission electron microscopy offers structural and compositional information with atomic resolution, but its use is restricted to thin, solid samples. Liquid samples, particularly those involving water, have been challenging because of the need to form a thin liquid layer that is stable within the microscope vacuum. Liquid cell electron microscopy is a developing technique that allows us to apply the powerful capabilities of the electron microscope to imaging and analysis of liquid specimens. We describe its impact in materials science and biology. We discuss how its applications have expanded via improvements in equipment and experimental techniques, enabling new capabilities and stimuli for samples in liquids, and offering the potential to solve grand challenge problems.
Cleavage of <i>Arabidopsis</i> PBS1 by a Bacterial Type III Effector (2003)

Plant disease-resistance (R) proteins are thought to function as receptors for ligands produced directly or indirectly by pathogen avirulence (Avr) proteins. The biochemical functions of most Avr proteins are unknown, and the mechanisms by which they activate R proteins have not been determined. In Arabidopsis, resistance to Pseudomonas syringae strains expressing AvrPphB requires RPS5, a member of the class of R proteins that have a predicted nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeats, and PBS1, a protein kinase. AvrPphB was found to proteolytically cleave PBS1, and this cleavage was required for RPS5-mediated resistance, which indicates that AvrPphB is detected indirectly via its enzymatic activity.
Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydroxyhex-4-enoates by Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylations of Carbohydrate Derived Vinyl Lactones (2008)

d-Gulonic lactone or its l-isomer is easily converted to the vinyl lactone 1 via three convenient reactions in an overall 69% yield. Reaction of the d isomer of 1 with a variety of carbon, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen nucleophiles and a palladium catalyst produced carboxylic acids that were esterified with methyl iodide to give the esters 2. Alternatively, reaction of l-lactone 1 with Ph3P=CHCO2Et provided the Wittig product that underwent palladium-catalyzed rearrangement to give the cyclopentanone 3.
The Kinematic Potential of Modern Tracking Total Stations - A State of the Art Report on the Leica TPS1200+ (2008)

Kinematic measuring systems allow for new areas of use in geodetic metrology. According to the task requirements, geodetic measuring sensors are used for the most varied applications. Target tracking tachymeters (total stations) are still used for precise real-time 3D trajectories. Nowadays, modern instruments allow movements of a few millimetres to be measured.
Epidural blood patch for refractory low CSF pressure headache: a pilot study (2011)

Once believed an exceedingly rare disorder, recent evidence suggests that low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure headache has to be considered an important cause of new daily persistent headaches, particularly among young and middle-aged individuals. Treatment of low CSF pressure headache consists of non-invasive/conservative measures and invasive measures with epidural blood patch providing the cornerstone of the invasive measures. In the present pilot study we therefore aimed to evaluate the treatment efficacy of epidural blood patch (EBP) in treatment-refractory low-pressure headache. Our primary effect parameter was total headache burden defined as area under the curve (AUC: intensity × duration) and as secondary effect parameters we identified: intensity (VAS 0-10), frequency (days per month), duration in hours (total hours/month) and also medication days (days on medication/month). In our primary effect parameter we found a significant reduction in AUC with more than 25% and this is considered to be clinically relevant. We found also a significant and relevant reduction at -22% in intensity. A trend towards reduction in duration was seen. We found no statistically significant reduction in frequency. An increase in days with use of medication was found. Increased awareness of low CSF pressure headache is emphasized and a controlled larger randomized study is needed to confirm the results. However the present results, allows us to conclude that EBP in treatment-refractory low CSF pressure headache can be considered as a treatment option.
Tumor response and progression‐free survival as potential surrogate endpoints for overall survival in extensive stage small‐cell lung cancer (2010)

PFS was strongly associated with OS at both the patient and trial levels. PFS also shows promise as a potential surrogate for OS, but further validation is needed using data from a larger number of randomized phase 3 trials.
On deep annotation (2003)

The success of the Semantic Web crucially depends on the easy creation, integration and use of semantic data. For this purpose, we consider an integration scenario that defies core assumptions of current metadata construction methods. We describe a framework of metadata creation when web pages are generated from a database and the database owner is cooperatively participating in the Semantic Web. This leads us to the definition of ontology mapping rules by manual semantic annotation and the usage of the mapping rules and of web services for semantic queries. In order to create metadata, the framework combines the presentation layer with the data description layer -- in contrast to "conventional" annotation, which remains at the presentation layer. Therefore, we refer to the framework as deep annotation 1.We consider deep annotation as particularly valid because, (i), web pages generated from databases outnumber static web pages, (ii), annotation of web pages may be a very intuitive way to create semantic data from a database and, (iii), data from databases should not be materialized as RDF files, it should remain where it can be handled most efficiently -- in its databases.
Protective effect of melatonin in a model of traumatic brain injury in mice (1998)

The pineal hormone melatonin has recently been shown to exert neuroprotective activity in a variety of experimental neuropathologies in which free radicals are involved. This neuroprotective effect has been attributed to the antioxidant properties of melatonin. Considering that free radicals also play a deleterious role in traumatic brain injury (TBI), the purpose of the present study was to determine whether melatonin would have a beneficial effect in this pathology. Head injury was induced in mice and the neurological deficit was evaluated at 24 hr by a grip test. In this model, the free radical scavenger, alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl-nitrone (2 x 100 mg/kg, i.p.) given 5 min and repeated at 4 hr after TBI was neuroprotective. Melatonin (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) given 5 min and repeated at 1, 2, and 3 hr after head trauma also significantly reduced the neurological deficit. This beneficial effect was not due to melatonin-induced hypothermia since repeated treatment with melatonin did not modify the colonic temperature of mice. This study shows that melatonin exerts a beneficial effect on the neurological deficit induced by traumatic brain injury in mice. The mechanisms of this neuroprotection remains to be established, and more particularly, the contribution of the antioxidant activity of melatonin.
Fuzzy logic flowers in Japan (1992)

Fuzzy logic is briefly explained, and its use in controllers is described. Further theoretical development and commercial implementation of these ideas in Japan is surveyed. Work progress in domains other than control is indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiple conserved regulatory elements with overlapping functions determine Sox10 expression in mouse embryogenesis (2007)

Expression and function of the transcription factor Sox10 is predominant in neural crest cells, its derivatives and in oligodendrocytes. To understand how Sox10 expression is regulated during development, we analysed the potential of evolutionary conserved non-coding sequences in the Sox10 genomic region to function as enhancers. By linking these sequences to a beta-galactosidase marker gene under the control of a minimal promoter, five regulatory regions were identified that direct marker gene expression in transgenic mice to Sox10 expressing cell types and tissues in a defined temporal pattern. These possible enhancers of the Sox10 gene mediate Sox10 expression in the otic vesicle, in oligodendrocytes and in several neural crest derivatives including the developing peripheral nervous system and the adrenal gland. They furthermore exhibit overlapping activities and share binding sites for Sox, Lef/Tcf, Pax and AP2 transcription factors. This may explain high level and robustness of Sox10 expression during embryonic development.
Understanding and measuring powered wheelchair mobility and manoeuvrability. Part I. Reach in confined spaces (2005)

The survey concluded that manoeuvring in small spaces and reaching without collisions were important. The powered wheelchair with sideways capability afforded the greatest reach in confined spaces except when the rear wheel drive chair was driven in backwards. The survey respondents did not place a high priority on avoiding backwards driving but some people find this difficult to do safely.
Efficient Exact Learning Algorithms for Road Networks and Other Graphs with Bounded Clustering Degrees (2008)

The completeness of road network data is significant in the quality of various routing services and applications. We introduce an efficient randomized algorithm for exact learning of road networks using simple distance queries, which can find missing roads and improve the quality of routing services. The efficiency of our algorithm depends on a cluster degree parameter, d_max, which is an upper bound on the degrees of vertex clusters defined during our algorithm. Unfortunately, we leave open the problem of theoretically bounding d_max, although we conjecture that d_max is small for road networks and other similar types of graphs. We support this conjecture by experimentally evaluating our algorithm on road network data for the U.S. and 5 European countries of various sizes. This analysis provides experimental evidence that our algorithm issues a quasilinear number of queries in expectation for road networks and similar graphs.
Axon pathology in Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia hippocampus contains α-, β-, and γ-synuclein (1999)

Pathogenic alpha-synuclein (alphaS) gene mutations occur in rare familial Parkinson's disease (PD) kindreds, and wild-type alphaS is a major component of Lewy bodies (LBs) in sporadic PD, dementia with LBs (DLB), and the LB variant of Alzheimer's disease, but beta-synuclein (betaS) and gamma-synuclein (gammaS) have not yet been implicated in neurological disorders. Here we show that in PD and DLB, but not normal brains, antibodies to alphaS and betaS reveal novel presynaptic axon terminal pathology in the hippocampal dentate, hilar, and CA2/3 regions, whereas antibodies to gammaS detect previously unrecognized axonal spheroid-like lesions in the hippocampal dentate molecular layer. The aggregation of other synaptic proteins and synaptic vesicle-like structures in the alphaS- and betaS-labeled hilar dystrophic neurites suggests that synaptic dysfunction may result from these lesions. Our findings broaden the concept of neurodegenerative "synucleinopathies" by implicating betaS and gammaS, in addition to alphaS, in the onset/progression of PD and DLB.
Experimental Induction of Altered Nonmicrofibrillar Cellulose (1982)

Cellulose produced by Acetobacter xylinum was experimentally modified during its biosynthesis. In the presence of fluorescent brightening agents, such as Calcofluor White M2R or Tinopal LPW, nonmicrofibrillar sheets of cellulose were synthesized by the bacteria. These sheets could then be converted to fibrils by washing with distilled water. Possible mechanisms for these modifications of cellulose assembly are disscussed.
Formulation and characterization of gastroretentive drug delivery system of losartan potassium (2012)

Floating matrix tablets of losartan potassium were developed with an aim to prolong its gastric residence time and increase the bioavailability of drug. Rapid gastrointestinal transit could result in incomplete drug release from the drug delivery system above the absorption zone leading to diminished efficacy of the administered dose. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique, using polymers Methocel K15 and Methocel K100 in combination with other standard excipients. Sodium bicarbonate was incorporated as gas generating agent. The effects of sodium bicarbonate and polymers on drug release profile and floating properties were investigated. It was found that viscosity of Methocel K15 and Methocel K100 along with sodium bicarbonate had significant impact on the release and floating properties of the delivery system. The decrease in the release rate was observed with an increase in the viscosity of the polymeric system. Polymer with high viscosity Methocel K100 was shown to be beneficial than low viscosity polymer Methocel K15 in improving the floating properties of gastric floating drug delivery system (GFDDS). The observed difference in the drug release and floating properties of GFDDS could be attributed to the difference in the basic properties of two polymers, Methocel K15 and Methocel K100 due to their water uptake potential and functional group substitution. The release mechanism were explored and described with zero-order, first-order and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. The drug release profiles and buoyancy of the floating tablets were stable when stored at 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i1.12872 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 2(1): 11-17
A new purged UV spectroscopic ellipsometer to characterize thin films and multilayers at 157 nm (2001)

Spectroscopic ellipsometry has long been recognized as the technique of choice to characterize thin films and multilayers. Instrumentation for the next generation of UV lithography at 157 nm requires special optical set-up since O2 and H20 are extremely absorbing below 190 nm. The new system works in a purged glove box to reduce the oxygen and water contamination in the part per million range. The optical set-up includes a premonochromator in the polarizer arm to avoid photo bleaching. The system works in rotating analyzer configuration to minimize the parasitic polarizations. Ellipsometric and photometric measurements versus wavelength from 145 up to 650 nm and versus angle of incidence can be performed. The paper presents details of the new system with some first experimental results in the field of microlithography. Results are compared to those obtained with more standard UV ellipsometer.
A 20 mA quiescent current 40% PAE WCDMA HBT power amplifier module with reduced current consumption under backoff power operation (2005)

The paper presents a compact power amplifier (PA) topology for reducing quiescent current and current consumption under power backoff operation. The final stage of the PA consists of two parallel transistor cells designed for two different output power operations. By switching between the two cells, terminated with different load impedances, through a unique bias control network, improved efficiency is achieved over a wide range of low output power compared to the conventional PA. A 1.95 GHz WCDMA InGaP/GaAs HBT PA module (PAM) has been developed to validate the proposed circuit. The PAM demonstrates a very low quiescent current of 20 mA. It exhibits 40.5% PAE (power added efficiency) and -40 dBc ACLR1 at 28 dBm Pout. At a backoff output power of 18 dBm, the PAM achieves 19% PAE with -41 dBc ACLR1. The current consumption under backoff operation has been reduced by over 40% compared to the conventional design.
Molecular Structure of Tight Junctions and Their Role in Epithelial Transport (2001)

Tight junctions create a paracellular barrier with physiological properties that differ among epithelia. Among these differences are electrical resistance and discrimination for solute size and charge. Emerging evidence suggests that a large family of transmembrane proteins called the claudins create these variable properties.