gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volatile flavour components of cooked potato (1974)

Abstract Extracts of the steam volatiles of cooked potatoes and of a dehydrated, granular potato product have been prepared. High‐boiling fatty acids preponderated and were removed prior to concentration and examination of the resulting essences by combined gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry‐odour assessment. Thirty‐five components were identified in potato essences and 20 in a potato granule essence. Chemical and retention data indicated that 2‐methoxy‐3‐ethylpyrazine For clarity in this paper, the methoxy substituent is assigned the 2‐position in pyrazines, and is written first, irrespective of the rules of nomenclature. was present in potato volatiles and mass spectral evidence was obtained of its presence in potato sprout essence. Synthetic work confirmed the known characteristic raw potato odour of 2‐methoxy‐3‐ethylpyrazine and demonstrated that isomers do not possess it. Lack of volatiles rather than off‐flavour is believed to account for the differences between the flavour of cooked potatoes and of the potato product examined.
Conversion of Continuous-Valued Deep Networks to Efficient Event-Driven Networks for Image Classification (2017)

<i>Spiking</i> neural networks (SNNs) can potentially offer an efficient way of doing inference because the neurons in the networks are sparsely activated and computations are event-driven. Previous work showed that simple continuous-valued deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be converted into accurate spiking equivalents. These networks did not include certain common operations such as max-pooling, softmax, batch-normalization and Inception-modules. This paper presents spiking equivalents of these operations therefore allowing conversion of nearly arbitrary CNN architectures. We show conversion of popular CNN architectures, including VGG-16 and Inception-v3, into SNNs that produce the best results reported to date on MNIST, CIFAR-10 and the challenging ImageNet dataset. SNNs can trade off classification error rate against the number of available operations whereas deep continuous-valued neural networks require a fixed number of operations to achieve their classification error rate. From the examples of LeNet for MNIST and BinaryNet for CIFAR-10, we show that with an increase in error rate of a few percentage points, the SNNs can achieve more than 2x reductions in operations compared to the original CNNs. This highlights the potential of SNNs in particular when deployed on power-efficient neuromorphic spiking neuron chips, for use in embedded applications.
Biocompatible packaging for implantable miniaturized pressure sensor device used for stent grafts: Concept and choice of materials (2014)

This paper presents the biocompatible packaging technology of a flexible, miniaturized and wireless pressure sensor device which is connected to a stent graft to monitor the pressure distribution within an aneurysm. The packaging of implantable electronic devices has to comply with several requirements regarding their reliability and biocompatibility especially for long term implants. Building up a miniaturized flexible pressure sensor device consisting of four capacitive pressure sensors, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and passive components for the wireless data transmission and power consumption requires polymers as substrate and encapsulation materials. Under the stated conditions, polymeric materials as polyimide, silicones, epoxy resins and parylene C are investigated with respect to their barrier properties (ion and water vapor permeability) and their adhesive strength towards each other.
Bone Mass Is Low in Relatives of Osteoporotic Patients (1988)

Mean bone mass is lower in apparently healthy young and middle-aged adult relatives of osteoporotic patients than in normal persons with no family history of osteoporosis. Our findings suggest that the failure to attain an adequate peak bone mass may play an important role in the later development of osteoporotic fractures. Relatives of osteoporotic patients should be advised to have measurements of bone mass taken. This measurement should be taken at the spine, because peripheral sites do not appear to provide adequate information about early osteoporosis.
Contact reaction between Si and Pd-W alloy films (1979)

Contact reactions in the temperature range 250–650 °C between (100) Si and Pd-W binary alloy films of composition Pd80W20 and Pd30W70 have been studied by a combination of ion backscattering, x-ray diffraction, and current-voltage measurement of Schottky barrier height. For the Pd-rich alloy, the reaction around 400 °C produced the silicide Pd2Si by depleting Pd from the alloy and resulted in the formation of a two-layer structure, W/Pd2Si/Si. We have found that the W layer has served effectively as a diffusion barrier for the subsequently deposited Al, indicating that a rectifying contact and its diffusion barrier can be fabricated simultaneously. At higher reaction temperatures, the W layer transforms to WSi2 with some mixture of Pd2Si. The alloying of Pd with W has been found to increase the formation temperature of Pd2Si but decrease that of WSi2. In the Pd80W20 reaction, Pd2Si forms around 400 °C and WSi2 around 500 °C. In the Pd30W70 reaction, Pd2Si forms around 500 °C and WSi2 around 650 °C.
The value of prostate-specific antigen in the management of localized prostatic cancer. (1989)

Prostate-specific antigen has proven to be a new useful marker for the evaluation of men with prostatic cancer. In addition to its proven value for immunohistochemical staining and for the followup evaluation of men treated with hormonal therapy, the monoclonal immunoradiometric assay for PSA has proven to be a unique, sensitive, and specific marker for the followup evaluation of men who have undergone radical prostatectomy.
Epitaxial Growth of AlN Thin Films on Sapphire by Pulsed Laser Deposition and Effect of N<sub>2</sub> Ambient on Crystallinity (1999)

High-quality epitaxial AlN films were grown on (0001) sapphire substrates using pulsed laser deposition from sintered AlN targets in a nitrogen ambient. The X-ray rocking curves of the AlN(0002) peak became narrower with decreasing ambient pressure and yielded a full-width at half maximum of 0.078°. The N/Al composition ratio increases with N 2 pressure. The Al/N composition ratio can be varied by changing the ambient N 2 pressure.
Structure-guided function discovery of an NRPS-like glycine betaine reductase for choline biosynthesis in fungi (2019)

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and NRPS-like enzymes have diverse functions in primary and secondary metabolisms. By using a structure-guided approach, we uncovered the function of a NRPS-like enzyme with unusual domain architecture, catalyzing two sequential two-electron reductions of glycine betaine to choline. Structural analysis based on the homology model suggests cation-π interactions as the major substrate specificity determinant, which was verified using substrate analogs and inhibitors. Bioinformatic analysis indicates this NRPS-like glycine betaine reductase is highly conserved and widespread in kingdom fungi. Genetic knockout experiments confirmed its role in choline biosynthesis and maintaining glycine betaine homeostasis in fungi. Our findings demonstrate that the oxidative choline-glycine betaine degradation pathway can operate in a fully reversible fashion and provide insight in understanding fungal choline metabolism. The use of an NRPS-like enzyme for reductive choline formation is energetically efficient compared with known pathways. Our discovery also underscores the capabilities of the structure-guided approach in assigning functions of uncharacterized multidomain proteins, which can potentially aid functional discovery of new enzymes by genome mining.
Oral tetrahydrouridine and decitabine for non-cytotoxic epigenetic gene regulation in sickle cell disease: A randomized phase 1 study (2017)

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01685515.
Purification and characterization of ascamycin-hydrolysing aminopeptidase from <i>Xanthomonas citri</i> (1986)

A nucleoside antibiotic, ascamycin (9-beta-[5'-0-(N-L-alanyl) sulphamoyl-D-ribofuranosyl]-2-chloroadenine), has a selective antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas species. When ascamycin was dealanylated, dealanylascamycin showed a broad antibacterial activity against various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Xanthomonas citri is susceptible to ascamycin by virtue of the ascamycin-dealanylating enzyme on the cell surface [Osada & Isono (1985) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 27, 230-233]. The enzyme (Xc aminopeptidase) was purified from X. citri cells by successive DEAE-cellulose, chromatofocusing and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography to a homogeneous state. The purified enzyme exhibited a single band with an Mr of 38 000 in SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Gel filtration on a calibrated column indicated a similar Mr value. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 5.7. The enzyme catalysed the hydrolysis of the alanyl group of ascamycin and liberated alanine from the sulphamoyl nucleoside. The enzyme also catalysed the hydrolysis of L-proline beta-naphthylamide and L-alanine beta-naphthylamide. The optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were pH 7.5-8.0 and 35-40 degrees C respectively. The enzyme was inhibited by thiol-enzyme inhibitors (i.e. rho-chloromercuribenzoate and N-ethylmaleimide), but was not affected by various naturally occurring aminopeptidase inhibitors (i.e. amastatin, bestatin, pepstatin and leupeptin). Mn2+ and Mg2+ activated the enzyme, whereas Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ were inhibitory.
Material dispersion in lightguide glasses (1978)

Material dispersion measurements are reported on six characteristic lightguide glass compositions. The measurements were made on bulk specimens and cover the wavelength range from 0.8 to 1.5 μm. It is observed that in these silicate glasses the wavelength at which material dispersion is zero is in all cases greater than 1.2μm.
A Review on Bilevel Optimization: From Classical to Evolutionary Approaches and Applications (2017)

Bilevel optimization is defined as a mathematical program, where an optimization problem contains another optimization problem as a constraint. These problems have received significant attention from the mathematical programming community. Only limited work exists on bilevel problems using evolutionary computation techniques; however, recently there has been an increasing interest due to the proliferation of practical applications and the potential of evolutionary algorithms in tackling these problems. This paper provides a comprehensive review on bilevel optimization from the basic principles to solution strategies; both classical and evolutionary. A number of potential application problems are also discussed. To offer the readers insights on the prominent developments in the field of bilevel optimization, we have performed an automated text-analysis of an extended list of papers published on bilevel optimization to date. This paper should motivate evolutionary computation researchers to pay more attention to this practical yet challenging area.
Dynamic Balancing: DEPTOR Tips the Scales (2009)

The mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, is a key node in cellular regulation: its dysregulation is important in a number of disease states, including various cancers. A recent study identifies a new partner and regulator of mTOR, which can alter the balance of signaling downstream of mTOR and appears to be important in certain cancers, such as multiple myelomas.
A microbiological assessment of novel nitrofuranylamides as anti-tuberculosis agents (2008)

Based on these studies, NFAs have many useful antimycobacterial properties applicable to TB chemotherapy and probably possess a unique mode of action that results in good activity against active and dormant M. tuberculosis. Therefore, the further development of lead compounds in this series is warranted.
Technological study on distributed fiber sensor monitoring of high voltage power cable in seafloor (2009)

The purpose of the paper is to find feasible technologies and approaches for seafloor cable fault detection. Examples of such faults include submarine power cable short circuit and cut faults that have happened several times in the Bohai sea of China. In this paper, we use distributed Brillouin scattering optical fiber sensing technology to detect inner temperature and outside strain damage of submarine power cables. Temperature field and strain field from outside compression of three-cored seafloor power cable cross section are mathematically simulated by finite element method. Different temperature testing fields and strain testing fields in submarine power cable specimen are shown by distributed simultaneous temperature and strain sensor devices. The field monitoring data from optical fiber sensor systems, together with traditional leveling observation, are comparatively presented. Our experimental results show that distributed Brillouin scattering optical fiber sensing technology is effective and reliable for submarine monitoring.
TaiJiNet: Towards Partial Binarized Convolutional Neural Network for Embedded Systems (2018)

We have witnessed the tremendous success of deep neural networks. However, this success comes with the considerable computation and storage costs which make it difficult to deploy these networks directly on resource-constrained embedded systems. To address this problem, we propose TaiJiNet, a binary-network-based framework that combines binary convolutions and pointwise convolutions, to reduce the computation and storage overhead while maintaining a comparable accuracy. Furthermore, in order to provide TaiJiNet with more flexibility, we introduce a strategy called partial binarized convolution to efficiently balance network performance and accuracy. We evaluate TaiJiNet with the CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets. The experimental results show that with the proposed TaiJiNet framework, the binary version of AlexNet can achieve 26x compression rate with a negligible 0.8% accuracy drop when compared with the full-precision AlexNet.
Microscopic theory for a ferromagnetic nanowire/superconductor heterostructure: Transport, fluctuations, and topological superconductivity (2012)

Motivated by the recent experiment of Wang et al. [Nat. Phys. 6, 389 (2010)], who observed a highly unusual transport behavior of ferromagnetic cobalt nanowires proximity-coupled to superconducting electrodes, we study the proximity effect and temperature-dependent transport in such a mesoscopic hybrid structure. It is assumed that the asymmetry in the tunneling barrier gives rise to the Rashba spin-orbit coupling in the barrier that enables induced $p$-wave superconductivity in the ferromagnet to exist. We first develop a microscopic theory of Andreev scattering at the spin-orbit-coupled interface, derive a set of self-consistent boundary conditions, and find an expression for the $p$-wave minigap in terms of the microscopic parameters of the contact. Second, we study the temperature dependence of the resistance near the superconducting transition, and we find that it should generally feature a fluctuation-induced peak. The upturn in resistance is related to the suppression of the single-particle density of states due to the formation of fluctuating pairs, whose tunneling is suppressed. In conclusion, we discuss this and related setups involving ferromagnetic nanowires in the context of one-dimensional topological superconductors. It is argued that to realize unpaired end Majorana modes, one does not necessarily need a half-metallic state; a partial spin polarization may suffice. Finally, we propose yet another related class of material systems---ferromagnetic semiconductor wires coupled to ferromagnetic superconductors---where direct realization of the Kitaev-Majorana model should be especially straightforward.
Glucose control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the role of MIG1 in metabolic functions (1998)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
A Learning Architecture for Scheduling Workflow Applications in the Cloud (2011)

The scheduling of workflow applications involves the mapping of individual workflow tasks to computational resources, based on a range of functional and non-functional quality of service requirements. Workflow applications such as scientific workflows often require extensive computational processing and generate significant amounts of experimental data. The emergence of cloud computing has introduced a utility-type market model, where computational resources of varying capacities can be procured on demand, in a pay-per-use fashion. In workflow based applications dependencies exist amongst tasks which requires the generation of schedules in accordance with defined precedence constraints. These constraints pose a difficult planning problem, where tasks must be scheduled for execution only once all their parent tasks have completed. In general the two most important objectives of workflow schedulers are the minimisation of both cost and make span. The cost of workflow execution consists of both computational costs incurred from processing individual tasks, and data transmission costs. With scientific workflows potentially large amounts of data must be transferred between compute and storage sites. This paper proposes a novel cloud workflow scheduling approach which employs a Markov Decision Process to optimally guide the workflow execution process depending on environmental state. In addition the system employs a genetic algorithm to evolve workflow schedules. The overall architecture is presented, and initial results indicate the potential of this approach for developing viable workflow schedules on the Cloud.
CERÁMICA DE CUERDA SECA EN UN DOCUMENTO DE LA GENIZA DE EL CAIRO (1988)

Revista especializada en la publicación de trabajos originales de investigación en Prehistoria y Arqueología. Es la publicación periódica más antigua de la UAM. Su enfoque abierto a cualquier temática y época pasada, hasta la más cercana, que sea objeto de la Ciencia arqueológica se abre a una decidida proyección internacional en la que quiere basar su futuro inmediato.
Rectilinear block packing using O-tree representation (2001)

In this paper we extend the O-tree approach to handle rectilinear blocks. First we explore the properties of L-shaped blocks, then decompose rectilinear blocks into a set of sub-L-shaped-blocks. The properties of L-shaped blocks can be applied to general recti?linear blocks. In order to explore the optimal search thoroughly, we generate four direction O-trees. A heuristic optimization algorithm based on the four direction O-trees produces very good experiment results.
Impaired in vitro growth of purified (CD34+) hematopoietic progenitors in human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive thrombocytopenic individuals (1992)

In this report the role played by human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-related thrombocytopenia was investigated. CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were purified from the bone marrow (BM) of HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic patients, HIV- 1(+) nonthrombocytopenic individuals, HIV-1(-) patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and HIV-1(-) normal donors. CD34+ cells from HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic individuals alone showed a reduced capacity to give rise to megakaryocytic colonies (CFU-Meg) and also a progressive and significant decline in cell number when placed in liquid culture containing recombinant human interleukin-3 (rIL-3). This decline involved not only megakaryocyte but also erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage progenitors. The defects in megakaryocyte colony formation and CD34+ cell growth did not result from a productive HIV-1 infection of CD34+ cells. Moreover, HIV-1 DNA was absent from CD34+ cells in 10 of 12 thrombocytopenic patients examined. On the other hand, the decreased survival/proliferation of CD34+ cells in liquid culture, within the HIV-1(+) thrombocytopenic patients, was correlated with the presence of HIV-1 p24 antigen in BM plasma. These results demonstrate an impairment of CD34+ cells in HIV-1(+) individuals presenting thrombocytopenia as the only hematologic manifestation. Furthermore, these findings suggest that increased viral replication in the BM microenvironment may cause this impairment and possibly contributes to HIV-induced thrombocytopenia.
A backside illuminated 400 &#215; 400 charge-coupled device imager (1976)

Large-area backside illuminated charge-coupled device imagers have been fabricated using double level aluminum transfer electrode technology. Devices with 100 × 160 and 400 × 400 resolution elements have been fabricated using buried channel technology for high charge transfer efficiency. Detailed optical characterization has been performed on these imagers over the temperature range -40 to +24°C and at several operating frequencies between 10 kHz and 1 MHz.
Design of CMOS Integrated Q-enhanced RF Filters for Multi-Band/Mode Wireless Applications (2011)

Wideband reconfigurable CMOS Gm-C filter for wireless applications
Estimation of the size of the chromosome 17p11.2 duplication in Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 1a (CMT1a). HMSN Collaborative Research Group. (1992)

We have previously shown a duplication in 17p11.2 with probe pVAW409R3 (D17S122) in 12 families with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN I) or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1). In this study we aimed to estimate the size of the duplication using additional polymorphic DNA markers located in 17p11.2-p12. Two other 17p11.2 markers, pVAW412R3 (D17S125) and pEW401 (D17S61), were found to be duplicated in all HMSN I patients tested. Furthermore, all HMSN I patients showed the same duplication junction fragment with probe pVAW409R3. On the genetic map the duplicated markers span a minimal distance of 10 cM while on the physical map they are present in the same NotI restriction fragment of 1150 kb. The discrepancy between the genetic and physical map distances suggests that the 17p11.2 region is extremely prone to recombinational events. The high recombination rate may be a contributing factor to the genetic instability of this chromosomal region.
Horazens Persönlichkeit — das Bildungsziel der Horazlektüre (1927)

Das Ziel ist also, sich ein Horazbild zu verschaffen. Dies ist freilich, wenn man die Höhe Sprangerscher Persönlichkeitspsychologie erreichen will, ziemlich schwer, vielleicht zu schwer für die Schule. So verzichten wir vorderhand auf das Bemühen, die einzelnen seelischen Kräfte in ihrem organischen Zusammenhang als Ausstrahlungen eben der Struktur des betreffenden Menschen mit vollem methodischem Bewußtsein uns klarzumachen; wir ziehen vielmehr vor, erst einmal in einem möglichst breit gespannten Rahmen — Kürzen im Unterricht ist späterhin allemal noch möglich — Material zu sammeln und durch dessen geschickte Verknüpfung die für alles höhere Verständnis nötige Grundlage zu schaffen, wobei ja allerdings unbewußt in uns von selbst eine Art Horazbild entsteht.
A trellis decoder for HDTV (1999)

The United States Advanced Television Systems Committee has created a standard for terrestrial broadcast of digital HDTV signals that specifies the transmittal of 12 separate, interleaved trellis encoded data streams. This paper describes an area-efficient, low-latency delay, single trellis decoder that decodes all 12 separate data streams and provides seamless transitions between the two different expected operating conditions-with and without NTSC co-channel interference.