gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Particle detector prototype based on a discrete cell sensitive to the latchup effect (2006)

The paper describes an innovative idea for an ionizing particle detector. The principle is based on a latchup effect that is common in to-date CMOS technologies working in a radiation environment. In principle the detector can operate at room temperature, does not require a high voltage power supply and is intrinsically more tolerant to radiation effects than the common solid-state detectors. A latchup-based detector can be constructed using state-of-the-art technologies and could be applied for beam monitoring or as a heavy-ion selector. A prototype made up of discrete components is described and its rough sensitivity is exploited. Tests with daylight, electrons, via a current pulse generator and with a laser beam have proved that charge sensitivity of the order of 1 pC can be easily achieved
Spectrum Awareness at the Edge: Modulation Classification using Smartphones (2019)

As spectrum becomes crowded and spread over wide ranges, there is a growing need for emcient spectrum management techniques that need minimal, or even better, no human intervention. Identifying and classifying wireless signals of interest through deep learning is a first step, albeit with many practical pitfalls in porting laboratory-tested methods into the field. Towards this aim, this paper proposes using Android smartphones with TensorFlow Lite as an edge computing device that can run GPU-trained deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for modulation classification. Our approach intelligently identifies the SNR region of the signal with high reliability (over 99%) and chooses grouping of modulation labels that can be predicted with high (over 95%) detection probability. We demonstrate that while there are no significant differences between the GPU and smartphone in terms of classification accuracy, the latter takes much less time (down to 1 870x), memory space (3 1 of the original size), and consumes minimal power, which makes our approach ideal for ubiquitous smartphone-based signal classification.
CCCLXX.—Researches in the menthone series. Part VIII. Further characterisation of the optically active menthylamines (1930)

J. Read and R. A. Storey, J. Chem. Soc., 1930, 2761 DOI: 10.1039/JR9300002761
IL-15 and dermal fibroblasts induce proliferation of natural regulatory T cells isolated from human skin (2006)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for the induction and maintenance of self-tolerance and are present in peripheral tissues such as skin and gut under normal, noninflamed conditions. We report isolation and expansion of the Treg population resident in normal human skin. Cutaneous Tregs expressed high levels of CD25, L-selectin, GITR, FOXP3, and intracellular CTLA-4, low levels of CD69, and high levels of the skin-homing addressins CLA, CCR4, and CCR6. Skin Tregs suppressed the proliferation of CD25(lo) T cells from the same skin sample in response to CD3 and CD28 antibodies. Suppression was dependent on cell contact and not affected by neutralizing antibodies to interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Surprisingly, cutaneous Tregs proliferated in an antigen-independent manner when cultured in contact with dermal fibroblasts and IL-15, conditions similar to those found in chronically inflamed skin. We hypothesize that local proliferation of Tregs may occur within inflamed skin and could serve as a brake for cutaneous inflammation as well as a mechanism for the homeostatic proliferation of natural Tregs that has been observed within intact organisms.
Attaching and effacing activities of rabbit and human enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in pig and rabbit intestines (1983)

Three strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), originally isolated from humans and previously shown to cause diarrhea in human volunteers by unknown mechanisms, and one rabbit EPEC strain were shown to attach intimately to and efface microvilli and cytoplasm from intestinal epithelial cells in both the pig and rabbit intestine. The attaching and effacing activities of these EPEC were demonstrable by light microscopic examination of routine histological sections and by transmission electron microscopy. It was suggested that intact colostrum-deprived newborn pigs and ligated intestinal loops in pigs and rabbits may be useful systems to detect EPEC that have attaching and effacing activities and for studying the pathogenesis of such infections. The lesions (attachment and effacement) produced by EPEC in these systems were multifocal, with considerable animal-to-animal variation in response to the same strain of EPEC. The EPEC strains also varied in the frequency and extent of lesion production. For example, three human EPEC strains usually caused extensive lesions in rabbit intestinal loops, whereas two other human EPEC strains usually did not produce lesions in this system.
Artifacts in computational optical-sectioning microscopy (1994)

We tested the most complete optical model available for computational optical-sectioning microscopy and obtained four main results. First, we observed good agreement between experimental and theoretical point-spread functions (PSF's) under a variety of imaging conditions. Second, using these PSF's, we found that a linear restoration method yielded reconstructed images of a well-defined phantom object (a 10-microns-diameter fluorescent bead) that closely resembled the theoretically determined, best-possible linear reconstruction of the object. Third, this best linear reconstruction suffered from a (to our knowledge) previously undescribed artifactual axial elongation whose principal cause was not increased axial blur but rather the conical shape of the null space intrinsic to nonconfocal three-dimensional (3D) microscopy. Fourth, when 10-microns phantom beads were embedded at different depths in a transparent medium, reconstructed bead images were progressively degraded with depth unless they were reconstructed with use of a PSF determined at the bead's depth. We conclude that (1) the optical model for optical sectioning is reasonably accurate; (2) if PSF shift variance cannot be avoided by adjustment of the optics, then reconstruction methods must be modified to account for this effect; and (3) alternative microscopical or nonlinear algorithmic approaches are required for overcoming artifacts imposed by the missing cone of frequencies that is intrinsic to nonconfocal 3D microscopy.
Active and reactive power control for doubly-fed wound rotor induction generator (1991)

A power control system for a doubly fed wound rotor induction generator has been developed. This power control system applies a control method using a rotating reference frame fixed on the gap flux of the generator, and can control active and reactive power independently and stably. The characteristics of the control system have been proved by experiment. Harmonic currents fed to the rotor windings are transmitted to the stator winding changing its frequency. The transmitting characteristics of the harmonic currents have been analyzed and verified by experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improved Processing Speed For Text Watermarking Algorithm In Color Images (2018)

Copyright protection and ownership proof of digital multimedia are achieved nowadays by digital watermarking techniques. A text watermarking algorithm for protecting the property rights and ownership judgment of color images is proposed in this paper. Embedding is achieved by inserting texts elements randomly into the color image as noise. The YIQ image processing model is found to be faster than other image processing methods, and hence, it is adopted for the embedding process. An optional choice of encrypting the text watermark before embedding is also suggested (in case required by some applications), where, the text can is encrypted using any enciphering technique adding more difficulty to hackers. Experiments resulted in embedding speed improvement of more than double the speed of other considered systems (such as least significant bit method, and separate color code methods), and a fairly acceptable level of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) with low mean square error values for watermarking purposes.
The actions of caerulein on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and the gall bladder (1968)

1. In the intact conscious dog, caerulein causes emesis and evacuation of the bowel. The mean effective dose by the intravenous route is 0.4-0.5 mug/kg, and by the subcutaneous route 3-4 mug/kg.2. The gall bladder in situ or as an isolated preparation is highly sensitive to caerulein. A few ng/kg injected intravenously are sufficient to stimulate the gall bladder in situ and less than 1 ng/kg per min is effective when infused intravenously. The isolated gall bladder is contracted by caerulein in concentrations as low as 0.03-2 ng/ml. Krebs solution. There is no tachyphylaxis but, generally, a good dose-response relationship. Hence the gall bladder, especially that of the guinea-pig, appears to be very suitable for the bioassay of caerulein and related peptides.3. In situ, the musculature of the gastrointestinal tract is also highly sensitive to caerulein. Doses as low as 1-5 ng/kg, administered intravenously, have a spasmogenic action on jejunal loops of the dog, and slightly larger doses contract the small intestine of the cat. The stomach and the large intestine seem to be somewhat less sensitive to the polypeptide. Caerulein has a considerable spasmogenic action on the rat pylorus but relaxes the sphincter of Oddi of the guinea-pig.4. Isolated preparations of the gastrointestinal tract are relatively insensitive to caerulein and tachyphylaxis occurs readily.5. Blockade with atropine produces different effects in different intestinal segments and in different animal species. The spasmogenic action of caerulein on the gall bladder is atropine-resistant.6. The effects of caerulein are similar to those of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin in the organs tested in situ or as isolated preparations. Caerulein, however, is always more potent than cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, even on a molar basis. Compared with caerulein, human gastrin I has negligible activity.7. The possible use of caerulein in cholecystography is discussed.
Single-Molecule Electrocatalysis by Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

We report a single-molecule fluorescence study of electrocatalysis by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at single-reaction resolution. Applying super-resolution optical imaging, we find that the electrocatalysis occurs at discrete, nanometer-dimension sites on SWNTs. Single-molecule kinetic analysis leads to an electrocatalytic mechanism, allowing quantification of the reactivity and heterogeneity of individual reactive sites. Combined with conductivity measurements, this approach will be powerful to interrogate how the electronic structure of SWNTs affects the electrocatalytic interfacial charge transfer, a process fundamental to photoelectrochemical cells.
Intracellular Calcium Signals Regulating Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Translocation to Internal Membranes (2001)

Increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) promote cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) translocation to intracellular membranes. The specific membranes to which cPLA(2) translocates and the [Ca(2+)](i) signals required were investigated. Plasmids of EGFP fused to full-length cPLA(2) (EGFP-FL) or to the cPLA(2) C2 domain (EGFP-C2) were used in Ca(2+)/EGFP imaging experiments of cells treated with [Ca(2+)](i)-mobilizing agonists. EGFP-FL and -C2 translocated to Golgi in response to sustained [Ca(2+)](i) greater than approximately 100-125 nm and to Golgi, ER, and perinuclear membranes (PNM) at [Ca(2+)](i) greater than approximately 210-280 nm. In response to short duration [Ca(2+)](i) transients, EGFP-C2 translocated to Golgi, ER, and PNM, but EGFP-FL translocation was restricted to Golgi. However, EGFP-FL translocated to Golgi, ER, and PNM in response to long duration transients. In response to declining [Ca(2+)](i), EGFP-C2 readily dissociated from Golgi, but EGFP-FL dissociation was delayed. Agonist-induced arachidonic acid release was proportional to the [Ca(2+)](i) and to the extent of cPLA(2) translocation. In summary, we find that the differential translocation of cPLA(2) to Golgi or to ER and PNM is a function of [Ca(2+)](i) amplitude and duration. These results suggest that the cPLA(2) C2 domain regulates differential, Ca(2+)-dependent membrane targeting and that the catalytic domain regulates both the rate of translocation and enzyme residence.
Bone marrow necrosis in 38 adult cancer patients. (1993)

From 1977 to 1990, 40 cases of bone marrow necrosis (BMN) were diagnosed among 10,856 (0.37%) consecutive bone marrow aspirations performed alone or with biopsy. All but two patients had underlying malignancies. Leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown origin were the most common underlying diseases. Severe bone pain and fever were the predominant presenting symptoms. Anemia, schistocytes and leukoerythroblastosis were noted in the peripheral blood smears in 97% (37/38), 72% (22/32), and 66% (23/35) of the patients with cancer and BMN. Malignant cells were found in bone marrow aspirates or biopsy specimens in all but one of the patients. Varied degrees of disseminated intravascular coagulation were demonstrated in all of the 10 patients examined who displayed coagulation status. Four of seven patients with leukemia achieved complete remission after chemotherapy, and the survival time for the complete responders ranged from 10 months to eight years. The outcome of cancer patients with BMN who did not respond to chemotherapy was poor, with a median survival time of six weeks.
Electronic holography and speckle methods for imaging through tissue using femtosecond gated pulses (1991)

Electronic holography and speckle interferometry are combined with femtosecond gating techniques to form images of absorbing structures embedded in organic tissue. The method takes advantage of the inherent instability of living tissue.
<i>HMGA1</i> and <i>HMGA2</i> rearrangements in mass‐forming endometriosis (2010)

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by ectopic endometrium associated with pelvic pain and infertility. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is unclear, and several genetic, endocrine, immune, and environmental agents have been studied as putative causative factors. However, consistent somatic genetic alterations have not been identified. Rarely, endometriosis presents as a mass lesion with an infiltrative pattern reminiscent of malignancy. We describe cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic findings of mass-forming endometriosis. The index case of pulmonary endometriosis underwent conventional and molecular cytogenetics analysis. In addition, 16 cases of mass-forming endometriosis, 11 cases of usual endometriosis, and six endometriomas were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for HMGA1 and HMGA2 loci, performed on paraffin-embedded thin tissue sections with custom-designed probes. The index patient had an endometriotic lung nodule, with a 46,XX, t(5;6)(q13;p21) karyotype and HMGA1 rearrangement by FISH. A second patient had decidualized endometriosis forming a large abdominal mass and HMGA1 rearrangement by FISH. Of the 15 other cases of mass-forming endometriosis, one had HMGA1 rearrangement and two had HMGA2 rearrangement. The rearrangements were found in the stromal component exclusively. None of the usual endometriosis cases or endometriomas had HMGA1 or HMGA2 rearrangements. In conclusion, mass-forming endometriosis is an uncommon subset of endometriosis that harbors HMGA1 or HMGA2 rearrangements in up to 29% of cases. The present findings support the concept that endometriosis is clonal and that rearrangement of HMGA genes likely contributes to its pathogenesis.
ATM adaptation layer choice for IP/ATM integration (1999)

This paper gives a detailed evaluation of different ATM adaptation layers in terms of overhead, functionality, efficiency, and performance, and introduces a new adaptation layer that overcomes the shortcomings of existing layers. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does intensive rehabilitation improve the functional outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI)? A randomized controlled trial (2007)

Early intensive rehabilitation may improve the functional outcome of patients with TBI in the early months post-injury and hence increase the chance of their returning to work early. Intensive rehabilitation in this study speeded up recovery rather than changed the final outcome.
Absorption of Amino Acids from an Amino Acid Mixture Simulating Casein and a Tryptic Hydrolysate of Casein in Man (1973)

1. A double-lumen perfusion technique has been used in man to study jejunal absorption of individual amino acids from an amino acid mixture simulating casein, and a tryptic hydrolysate of casein consisting of oligopeptides and amino acids. 2. Total absorption was greater from the tryptic hydrolysate than from the amino acid mixture. There was wide variation in the extent to which individual amino acids were absorbed from the amino acid mixture. This was decreased when the tryptic hydrolysate was perfused. Amino acids which were particularly poorly absorbed from the amino acid mixture were absorbed to a substantially greater extent from the tryptic hydrolysate. 3. The results suggest that the characteristics of absorption of amino acid mixtures do not represent those of absorption of the physiological products of intraluminal digestion, oligopeptides and amino acids.
Cell-specific Processing of Chromogranin A in Endocrine Cells of the Rat Stomach (2001)

The rat stomach is rich in endocrine cells. The acid-producing (oxyntic) mucosa contains ECL cells, A-like cells, and somatostatin (D) cells, and the antrum harbours gastrin (G) cells, enterochromaffin (EC) cells and D cells. Although chromogranin A (CgA) occurs in all these cells, its processing appears to differ from one cell type to another. Eleven antisera generated to different regions of rat CgA, two antisera generated to a human (h) CgA sequences, and one to a bovine (b) CgA sequence, respectively, were employed together with antisera directed towards cell-specific markers such as gastrin (G cells), serotonin (EC cells), histidine decarboxylase (ECL cells) and somatostatin (D cells) to characterize the expression of CgA and CgA-derived peptides in the various endocrine cell populations of the rat stomach. In the oxyntic mucosa, antisera raised against CgA(291-319) and CGA(316-321) immunostained D cells exclusively, whereas antisera raised against bCgA(82-91) and CgA(121-128) immunostained A-like cells and D cells. Antisera raised against CgA(318-349) and CgA(437-448) immunostained ECL cells and A-like cells, but not D cells. In the antrum, antisera against CgA(291-319) immunostained D cells, and antisera against CgA(351-356) immunostained G cells. Our observations suggest that each individual endocrine cell type in the rat stomach generates a unique mixture of CgA-derived peptides, probably reflecting cell-specific differences in the post-translational processing of CgA and its peptide products. A panel of antisera that recognize specific domains of CgA may help to identify individual endocrine cell populations.
The Effects of Live Music versus Tape-Recorded Music on Hospitalized Cancer Patients (1983)

This study compared the effects on hospitalized cancer patients of live music singing and guitar playing to the effects of tape-recorded music of the same material. Subjects were 50 cancer patients ranging in age from 17 to 69. They were randomly selected and placed into the live or taped music categories. Each subject listened to 25 minutes of music. Pre- and post-music mood states were recorded on the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. Additional post-music responses were recorded on the author's Summary Questionnaire. The live and taped pre- and post-music scores were compared. The live music subjects reported significantly less (p < .05) Tension-Anxiety and more Vigor than did the taped music subjects. In addition live music subjects reported significantly more changes in physical discomfort (p < .05), changes in mood (p < .01), and changes in mood for the better (p < .001); and recommended music sessions for others (p < .01). Results indicate the particular effectiveness of using live music to assist in relieving tension and promoting vigor. The human element inherent in live music is believed to be important.
XPS analysis for the lithium surface immersed in nonaqueous solvents and modification of lithium surface using organic thin film prepared by plasma process (1994)

The lithium surface immersed in various electrolytes for 10 min or 3 days was analyzed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The lithium surface before the immersion in the electrolyte was covered with the native film which consists of Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, Li{sub 2}O, and LiOH. During the immersion of lithium in the electrolytes, the native film reacted with the electrolyte to form LiF and organic compound. The surface of lithium immersed in propylene carbonate or {gamma}-butyrolactone containing 1.0 mol/dm{sup 3} LiPF{sub 6} for 3 days was covered with the dense and thin LiF layer. The morphology of lithium deposited on the lithium surface immersed in these electrolytes for 3 days was not dendritic. But, in other cases, lithium surface was covered with porous lithium compounds layer and the morphology of lithium deposited on such a lithium surface was dendritic. The modification of the lithium surface was conducted using the artificial solid electrolyte polymer formed on the clean lithium surface. The Morphology of lithium deposited in propylene carbonate containing 1.0 mol/dm{sup 3} LiClO{sub 4} was different from the dendrite type. From these experiments, it can be seen that the thin and uniform solid electrolyte on the lithium surface results in themore » suppression for the formation of lithium dendrite.« less
n-Type Field-Effect Transistors Made of an Individual Nitrogen-Doped Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (2005)

We report on the fabrication and characterization of field-effect transistor based on an individual multiwalled nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube. Our measurements show that the N-doped carbon nanotubes have n-type properties. The contact properties of the tube and Pt electrodes are also studied in detail. Temperature dependence of two-terminal transport experiments suggests that transport is dominated by thermionic emission and tunneling through a 0.2 eV Schottky contact barrier.
ChemInform Abstract: An Interactive Strategy for the Assembly of Complex, Branched Oligosaccharide Domains on a Solid Support: A Concise Synthesis of the Lewisb Domain in Bioconjugatable Form. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.