gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variations in relevance judgments and the measurement of retrieval effectiveness (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Variations in relevance judgments and the measurement of retrieval effectiveness Author: Ellen M. Voorhees National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MDView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGIR '98: Proceedings of the 21st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrievalAugust 1998 Pages 315–323https://doi.org/10.1145/290941.291017Published:01 August 1998Publication History 195citation1,560DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations195Total Downloads1,560Last 12 Months104Last 6 weeks11 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Crystal structure of Cs2(B9C2H11)Co(B8C2H10)Co(B9C2H11).H2O, a salt of a three-icosahedral-fragment metallocarborane (1969)

Tho crystals were found to ba monoclinic with unit cell dimensions, measure.'<! at room temperature (-22), ..!!_ = 7.089 0.004 A., :E.= 19.240 0.014 L, .. = 20.682 0.004 f..., ~ = 98.00 0.06 degrees.There are four forrr.ulaunits, Cs 2 Co 2 B 26 c 6 oH 34 , per unit cell.The density is calculated to be p = 1.87 g/cc. No density measurement was made because the sample was lost.The observed extinction rules, ~, ~ = ~ and .Q!Q., = ~~ correspond to space group P2 1 /c .All atoms lie on the general symmetry related positions, (x;Y2! and x,~'-Y,~'+z).----~~--' .. ,.
Liraglutide for Type 2 diabetes and obesity: a 2015 update (2015)

Subcutaneous liraglutide (Victoza(®), Novo Nordisk) was approved for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Europe in 2009 and in the USA in 2010. In December 2014, liraglutide 3.0 mg was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and in March 2015 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of chronic weight management under the brand name Saxenda(®) Novo Nordisk. Liraglutide causes a glucose-dependent increase in insulin secretion, decreases glucagon secretion and promotes weight loss by inhibiting appetite. Liraglutide probably induces satiety through activation of different areas in the hind brain and possibly by preserving free leptin levels. Recently, liraglutide has been suggested to protect against prediabetes and seems to prevent bone loss by increasing bone formation following diet-induced weight loss in obesity. This article not only covers the major clinical trials evaluating the effects of liraglutide in obesity and T2DM but also provides novel insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of liraglutide.
Workshop on testing, analysis and verification of web software (TAV-WEB 2008) (2008)

TAV-WEB 2008 is the third in a series of workshops that focus on testing, analysis and verification of web software. The goal of these workshops has been to bring together researchers from academic, research, and industrial communities interested in the emerging area of dependable Web software development, to present and discuss their recent research results.
Unconstrained Spherical Parameterization (2007)

We introduce a novel approach for the construction of spherical parameterizations based on energy minimization. The energies are derived in a general manner from classic formulations well known in the planar parameterization setting (e.g., conformal, Tutte, area, stretch energies, etc.), based on the following principles: the energy should (1) be a measure of spherical triangles; (2) treat energies independently of the triangle location on the sphere; and (3) converge to the continuous energy from above under refinement. Based on these considerations, we give a very simple nonlinear modification of standard formulas that fulfills all these requirements. The method avoids the usual collapse of flat energies when they are transferred to the spherical setting without additional constraints (e.g., fixing three or more vertices). Our unconstrained energy minimization problem is amenable to the use of standard solvers. Consequently, the implementation effort is minimal while still achieving excellent robustness and performance through the use of widely available numerical minimization software.
A mathematical model with a combined analytical and numerical approach for predicting the thickness profile of a cold‐rolled strip (1985)

In order to investigate the edge drop effect in cold rolling of strip a mathematical model was developed. It combines well‐known classical and analytical solutions in the rolling direction with a numerical approach in the width direction. For the computation the strip is divided into small stripes across the width. For each stripe the roll force is determined with the equations of elementary theory of plasticity. Deflection of the roll bodies is computed by the theory of elasticity. A solution is obtained by solving the equations of global equilibrium between forces due to plastic deformation of the strip and elastical deflections of the roll system. Up to ten passes on two or four‐high mills can be simulated. A wide range of rolling parameters can be specified. Computed results have been validated by experiments on 2‐ and 4‐high mills under various rolling conditions. Numerical simulations show the influence of different rolling parameters on the thickness profile and the shape of the strip.
Brillouin Scattering Study of Gd<sub>2</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Using a Double Fabry-Perot Interferometer (1975)

To improve the contrast of a single Fabry–Perot interferometer, a double Fabry–Perot interferometer was designed. The contrast of this system is ∼7×104 which is ∼30 times as large as that of a single Fabry-Perot interferometer. Using this system, the Brillouin spectrum of gadolinium molybdate crystal, which has a very strong central component, could be observed. The temperature dependence of Brillouin shifts and Brillouin linewidths was measured. Brillouin shifts show softening and Brillouin linewidths show anomalous broadening near the structural phase transition point.
In vivo myocardial cell pH in the dog. Response to ischemia and infusion of alkali. (1975)

Myocardial cell pH has been measured with 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione (DMO) in intact anesthetized dogs by a transient indicator dilution technique. Bolus injections of labeled DMO, vascular, extracellular, and water indicators were made into the anterior descending coronary artery, and blood samples were collected from the great cardiac vein. The steady-state distribution of DMO between cells and plasma was calculated from the indicator mean transit times, and the plasma pH. Myocardial cell pH was determined from the distribution value and plasma pH. Normal myocardial cell pH averaged 6.94. Changes in myocardial cell pH after infusions of acid or alkali. Myocardial ischemia induced by inflation of a coronary artery balloon resulted in progressive decreases in cellular pH to average values of 6.83 within the initial 15 min and to 6.59 within the interval between 20 and 70 min. Infusions of Na2CO3 tended to diminish intracellular acidosis although these infusions had little effect on the difference in pH between the myocardial cell and extracellular fluid.
<title>Dynamic image correlation spectroscopy (ICS) and two-color image cross-correlation spectroscopy (ICCS): concepts and application</title> (2000)

The interaction of macromolecules in space and time are known to be important for the regulation of many biochemical reactions. Image correlation spectroscopy (ICS) was recently introduced as an imaging analog of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy optimized for measuring the aggregation state of fluorescently labeled macromolecules on the surface of biological cells. We present two novel developments of dynamic ICS that will greatly enhance our abilities to measure molecular interactions as a function of time and space in living cells. We illustrate the use of a rapid scan two-photon microscope system to collect image series at high time resolution (30 frames/s) for dynamic ICS analysis. Secondly, we demonstrate the implementation of two-color image cross-correlation spectroscopy (ICCS) with a CLSM using multiple wavelength excitation, and with two-photon excitation of samples containing two different fluorescent species. Cross-correlation analysis allows the degree of co- localization of two different fluorophores to be measured directly. By performing two-color ICCS, we can monitor the interactions of non-identical labeled macromolecules as a function of time and space. We describe the experimental setup for both methods and illustrate the application for measurements of the diffusion coefficients of singly and doubly labeled fluorescent microspheres in aqueous solutions.
Bacteriocin-like substance production by Bacillus licheniformis strain P40 (2004)

The identification of a substance active against important pathogens addresses an important aspect of food safety.
Physical modification of polyacrylonitrile precursor fiber: Its effect on mechanical properties (1994)

Abstract Polyacrylonitrile precursor fiber of a special grade for making carbon fibers was modified by stretching in the prestabilization stage to various extents. The effect of such stretching on tensile properties of the original precursor fiber, intermediate (oxidized) fiber, and resultant carbon fiber prepared through a continuous process was monitored. Improvements in tensile modulus of fibers at various stages were observed with increasing stretch ratios. However, no obvious enhancement of tensile strength of final carbon fibers was found. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Art and Scholarship (1958)

The following article is reprinted with the kind permission of the Publications Officer of University College, London, where it was published as a separate pamphlet under the same title and is obtainable from H. K. Lewis and Co., Ltd., 136 Gower Street, London, W.C. 1. (2s. 6d. net.) This was the Inaugural Lecture which Professor Gombrich delivered at University College, London on 14 February, 1957, upon succeeding Professor Rudolf Wittkower as Durning-Lawrence Professor of the History of Art, a chair closely linked with the Slade School of Art. In granting our request to reprint it in CAJ, Professor Gombrich asks our readers to bear in mind that it was written for a particular day and place. Since there was no opportunity for discussion after this lecture, the author feels that if its appearance here were to start a debate on some of the points raised, a real purpose would be served.
The Stepped Digital Elliptic Filter (1969)

The design and synthesis of various types of microwave elliptic function filters has been accomplished by a number of authors. However, one problem in this field which remains is the realization of compact narrow-band bandpass elliptic function filters. In this paper, a procedure is presented which enables this class of filters to be constricted in a compact digital form. Since the physical realization is in the form of an n-wire line, one-quarter of a wavelength Iong at the center frequency of the passband, where the impedance levels are stepped along the center of the coupled lines, the filter has been termed the stepped digital elliptic filter. The absence of awkward interconnections in the filter due to the stepped digital structure inherently implies that reasonable insertion loss characteristics may be achieved in the X-band region and above, and also simplifies the mechanical construction. It is shown that the resonant elements in the filter, due to the design procedure adopted, are relatively insensitive to the absolute bandwidth of the filter, and consequently fractional bandwidths of approximately 30 percent and below may be readily achieved while the normalized impedance values of the elements in the network remain of the order of unity. This latter result is similar to that obtainable from conventional interdigital filters but in the case of narrow bandwidths the stepped digital filter is considerably smaller in physical size. A systematic procedure is also formulated for the inclusion of the parasitic lumped end effect capacitances into the overall design procedure in order to maintain the equiripple passband and stopband responses. Experimental results are presented for a five-element, 11 percent bandwidth filter and are shown to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
NDT of fiber-reinforced composites with a new fiber-optic pump–probe laser-ultrasound system (2014)

Laser-ultrasonics is an attractive and powerful tool for the non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) of composite materials. Current systems for non-contact detection of ultrasound have relatively low sensitivity compared to contact peizotransducers. They are also expensive, difficult to adjust, and strongly influenced by environmental noise. Moreover, laser-ultrasound (LU) systems typically launch only about 50 firings per second, much slower than the kHz level pulse repetition rate of conventional systems. As demonstrated here, most of these drawbacks can be eliminated by combining a new generation of compact, inexpensive, high repetition rate nanosecond fiber lasers with new developments in fiber telecommunication optics and an optimally designed balanced probe beam detector. In particular, a modified fiber-optic balanced Sagnac interferometer is presented as part of a LU pump-probe system for NDT&E of aircraft composites. The performance of the all-optical system is demonstrated for a number of composite samples with different types and locations of inclusions.
Transparent and flexible fingerprint sensor array with multiplexed detection of tactile pressure and skin temperature (2018)

We developed a transparent and flexible, capacitive fingerprint sensor array with multiplexed, simultaneous detection of tactile pressure and finger skin temperature for mobile smart devices. In our approach, networks of hybrid nanostructures using ultra-long metal nanofibers and finer nanowires were formed as transparent, flexible electrodes of a multifunctional sensor array. These sensors exhibited excellent optoelectronic properties and outstanding reliability against mechanical bending. This fingerprint sensor array has a high resolution with good transparency. This sensor offers a capacitance variation ~17 times better than the variation for the same sensor pattern using conventional ITO electrodes. This sensor with the hybrid electrode also operates at high frequencies with negligible degradation in its performance against various noise signals from mobile devices. Furthermore, this fingerprint sensor array can be integrated with all transparent forms of tactile pressure sensors and skin temperature sensors, to enable the detection of a finger pressing on the display.
Electrostatic Clamping Applied to Semiconductor Plasma Processing: I . Theoretical Modeling (1993)

Semiconductor plasma processing has become an indispensable step in the manufacture of very large scale integrated circuits. This technique is however often limited by the damaging heating of a wafer loosely lying on the susceptor, that may occur even if the susceptor is well cooled. To overcome this problem, most industrial systems use mechanical clamping of the wafer against the susceptor with an extra gas back‐side pressure. Another way to cool the wafer is based on the use of electrostatic forces. This method, known as electrostatic clamping, has not yet found a wide application field nor has it been thoroughly studied though it has several inherent interesting features. The aim of this paper is to describe the theoretical bases for electrostatic clamping as applied to a microelectronics plasma reactor and to investigate the ultimate performance that this system can achieve without inducing electrical problems. A particular emphasis is placed on electrical phenomena generated by high voltage in the process chamber which can lead to severe damage if no precautions are taken.
Lymphopenic response of patients presenting with chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with carcinoma of the prostate to diethylstilbestrol: Correlation of response to the in vitro synthesis of rna by patient lymphocytes and its relationship to transcortin (1980)

Three patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and carcinoma of the prostate were treated for the latter condition with diethylstilbestrol (DES). All three patients responded with rapid reductions in their peripheral white counts. The previously observed lymphocytic infiltration of the bone marrow of one patient was not evident after three months of DES treatment. The response of this patient to DES correlates well with the enhanced level of plasma transcortin subsequent to treatment. Treatment of this patient with DES alters the ability of peripheral lymphocytes to incorporate radioactive uridine into RNA as well as the in vitro response to either cortisol or beta-estradiol.
The Isolation and Characterization of Bovine Factor VIII (Antihemophilic Factor) (1972)

Heparin sodium salt (Grade I) and e-amino-n-caproic acid were purchased from Sigma.Benzamidine hydrochloride was obtained from Aldrich.Barium sulfate (x-ray grade) was purchased from Merck (U.S.), and kaolin N. F. was obtained from J. T. Baker Chemical Co.Bentonite was a product from Prolabo, Paris, France.Sodium barbital was purchased from Mallinckrodt Chemical Works.Polyethylene glycol (Carbowax 6000) was obtained from Union Carbide Corp., and imidazole, p-alanine, and calcium citrate (Ca3(C6H50& '4 HzO) were obtained through Matheson Coleman and Bell, Cincinnati, Ohio. Cellulose powder was WhatmanCFll fibrous powder, Reeve Angel, Clifton, N. J.The final step of gel filtration was carried out with Agarose A-15m or A-50m supplied by Bio-Rad, Richmond, Calif.Methyl-a-n-glucopyranoside (B grade) was obtained from Calbiochem.Asolecithin, purchased from Associated Concentrates Lecithin, Woodside, N. Y., was used as a platelet substitute.Dri Film silicone (SC 87) was a product from General Electric, Waterford, N. Y., and all glassware was coated with this material unless otherwise noted.Human fibrinogen was purchased from Warner-Chilcott, Morris Plains, N. J. Bovine thrombin employed for the fibrinogen assays was
The role of dislocation scattering in <i>n</i>-type GaN films (1998)

The lateral transport in GaN films produced by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy doped n type with Si to the levels of 1015–1020 cm−3 was investigated. The room temperature electron mobility versus carrier concentration was found to follow a family of bell-shaped curves consistent with a recently proposed model of scattering by charged dislocations. The mechanism of this scattering was investigated by studying the temperature dependence of the carrier concentration and electron mobility. It was found that in the low carrier concentration region (&lt;1017 cm−3), the electron mobility is thermally activated with an activation energy half of that of carrier concentration. This is in agreement with the prediction of the dislocation model.
An Improved Method for Measuring Heart-Rate Variability: Assessment of Cardiac Autonomic Function (1984)

Heart rate oscillates in synchrony with respiration. Several methods have been employed to assess this 'sinus arrhythmia', as an index of autonomic nervous system function. This paper proposes a new, easily computed measure, R, which is relatively resistant to the major nonrespiratory sources of variation, including premature beats, heart-rate differences among subjects, and slow trends in heart rate over time within subjects. The method can also be used more generally in any context where individuals are associated with event processes (for example, with seizures), when one requires assessment of the extent to which a point process is periodic with a particular known period.
Adaptive beamforming measurements using four-element portable and mobile arrays (2005)

Results of an experimental investigation of adaptive beamforming in the presence of interferers are presented. Measurements at 2.05 GHz were performed using six different four-element array configurations. Data were collected in urban and suburban environments with line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed multipath channels for mobile (vehicular) and pedestrian speeds. Interference rejection performance is determined based on the increase in mean signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) using adaptive beamforming at 10% and 1% outage levels. Experimental results are presented for vehicle-mounted arrays to illustrate the dependence of interference rejection on: the separation of interferer in azimuth, orientation with respect to the array axis, vehicular speed, and the array element spacing. Interference cancellation of 24 to 28 dB was measured in urban and suburban LOS channels. Vehicle mounted arrays driven at a speed of 32-40 km/hr offered 15 to 28 dB interference rejection in the urban obstructed environment. The multitarget least-squares constant modulus beamforming algorithm (MT-LSCMA) used to process the measured data provided a progressive increase in interference rejection of 16, 26, and 35.2 dB, for update intervals of 10, 5, and 2.5 ms, respectively, for the vehicle-mounted arrays in suburban LOS scenario.
Performance Analysis of Two-Tier HetNets With Massive MIMO and Nonuniformly Small Cell Deployment (2017)

The performance of a coordinated multipoint transmission for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) heterogeneous networks with practical deployment is investigated. The active small cell base stations outside the inner region of macrocell base stations are used to improve the performance of macrocell edge users. Based on the stochastic geometry approach, the spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) of the proposed scheme are analyzed. An alternating optimal algorithm is employed to solve the EE maximization problem effectively. The impacts of the small cell density, inner region size, and massive MIMO on the network performance are explicitly examined. Moreover, by approximating the interference distribution by moment matching with the Gamma distribution, the coverage probability of the two-tier HetNet is also studied. Numerical results show that the proposed HetNet generally outperforms the conventional maximum receive power association scheme and it provides a potential solution to achieve high SE and EE performance.
Targeting of interstitial cells using a simple gene-transfer strategy (2006)

We demonstrated that direct parenchymal injection of DNA combined with electroporation enables gene transfer into interstitial fibroblasts.