gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Structure−Activity Relationship of a Novel Series of 2-Aryl 5-(4-Oxo-3-phenethyl-2-thioxothiazolidinylidenemethyl)furans as HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors (2009)

We previously identified two small molecules targeting the HIV-1 gp41, N-(4-carboxy-3-hydroxy)phenyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole 12 (NB-2) and N-(3-carboxy-4-chloro)phenylpyrrole 13 (NB-64), that inhibit HIV-1 infection at low micromolar levels. On the basis of molecular docking analysis, we designed a series of 2-aryl 5-(4-oxo-3-phenethyl-2-thioxothiazolidinylidenemethyl)furans. Compared with 12 and 13, these compounds have bigger molecular size (437-515 Da) and could occupy more space in the deep hydrophobic pocket on the gp41 NHR trimer. Fifteen 2-aryl 5-(4-oxo-3-phenethyl-2-thioxothiazolidinylidenemethyl)furans (11a-o) were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling followed by a Knoevenagel condensation and tested for their anti-HIV-1 activity and cytotoxicity on MT-2 cells. We found that all 15 compounds had improved anti-HIV-1 activity and 3 of them (11a, 11b, and 11d) exhibited inhibitory activity against replication of HIV-1(IIIB) and 94UG103 at <100 nM range, more than 20-fold more potent than 12 and 13, suggesting that these compounds can serve as leads for development of novel small molecule HIV fusion inhibitors.
Attempts at Changing Dietary and Exercise Habits to Reduce Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Who's Doing What in the Community? (2002)

The objective of this study was to characterize adults in Olmsted County, MN who were attempting to change both their dietary and physical activity habits. A random digit-dial telephone survey was taken of 1232 adults, with questions about lifestyle, medical conditions, demographics, and receipt of previous lifestyle advice from a health care professional. Respondents were grouped in four categories: 1) changing neither diet nor exercise habits (22%); 2) changing diet habits only (20%); 3) changing exercise habits only (9%); and 4) changing both diet and exercise habits (49%). Along with several demographic and behavioral factors, receipt of physician advice to change exercise and dietary habits was a strong predictor of attempts to change both lifestyle habits. Only a minority of the population (23%), however, reported having received such advice. These results support the positive impact of health professional advice on dietary and exercise change in the population. Public health campaigns should be aimed at increasing the provision of such advice.
Chemical Degradation of Poly(styrene disulfide) and Poly(styrene tetrasulfide) by Triphenylphosphine (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Degradation of Poly(styrene disulfide) and Poly(styrene tetrasulfide) by TriphenylphosphineKannan Ganesh and Kaushal KishoreCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 7, 2483–2490Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00111a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00111a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Automatic Phrase Recognition and Extraction from Text (1997)

One of the problems facing researchers in the field of Information Retrieval (IR) is that the search criteria used during retrieval (the query) contains terms which are very ambiguous and common. By this we mean that terms can have multiple meanings and occur in a large percentage of the documents in a text collection. Many approaches to addressing this problem have been tried with varying degrees of success. One approach to this problem is to attempt to make the vocabulary used by the IR system less ambiguous by using terms which occur only infrequently. In our case this is achieved through an automatic process of phrase recognition and the incorporation of these phrases into the lexicon of the indexing mechanism used. Unlike previous phrase recognition approaches based on NLP, our work requires no linguistic processing of the text in order to extract phrases but is comparable to what is called ‘statistical phrases’. In this paper we describe experiments where we evaluate our phrase recognition on the TREC-4 and TREC-5 collections.
Comparison of Gene Expression Patterns Induced by Treatment of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells with IFN- <i>α</i> 2b vs. IFN- <i>β</i> 1a: Understanding the Functional Relationship Between Distinct Type I Interferons That Act Through a Common Receptor (2002)

We analyzed whether interferon-alpha 2b (IFN-alpha 2b) and IFN-beta 1a engage their common receptor to generate activated receptor complexes possessing distinct signaling properties. Human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) are 100-1000-fold more sensitive to IFN-beta 1a than to IFN-alpha 2b in in vitro assays. An nonarray-based expression profiling (GeneCalling) technology was employed to compare the patterns and levels of gene expression induced by these IFN as the broadest means by which signaling events could be measured. To distinguish subtype-related differences from dose-related effects, RNA was prepared from HUVEC treated with 50-5000 pg/ml of each IFN. The results showed that at 50 pg/ml IFN, only a subset of the genes induced by IFN-beta 1a were also induced by IFN-alpha 2b and that individual genes were induced to higher levels by IFN-beta 1a. In contrast, at 5000 pg/ml, both subtypes induced essentially identical sets of genes to similar levels of expression. No genes were seen to be induced uniquely by IFN-alpha 2b but not by IFN-beta 1a. The results show that the two IFN are intrinsically capable of inducing similar gene induction responses and do not provide evidence that they generate activated receptor complexes possessing distinct signaling properties. In contrast, the two IFN generate gene induction patterns that are both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct at subsaturating and potentially physiologically more relevant concentrations.
Enhancement of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a contact allergen, by the systemic administration of interleukin-2. (1991)

The immunopharmacological effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the sensitization and effector phases of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction were studied using contact sensitivity to the haptenizing agent dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). When administered at the time of priming to DNCB, IL-2 had no effect on the subsequent magnitude of the response. Interleukin-2 was, however, able to increase the magnitude of the response when given at the time of secondary challenge; the degree of change was directly related to the dose of IL-2. The proportions of T cells in the draining lymph node and spleen of IL-2-treated animals decreased by approximately one-third, but there was no alteration to the balance between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The results suggest that the increase in DTH observed was due to a pharmacological effect rather than to an increase in T-cell number.
Automation in krypton laser photocoagulation. (1984)

Histologic study of lesions produced by krypton red (647.1 nm) and krypton yellow (568.2 nm) laser lights reported here suggests advantages in alternating these two wavelengths in photocoagulation. Selection of the best wavelength to be used in a given location on the retina should result from pre-determined absorbance conditions in that location. The feasibility of the relative measurement of absorbance in different fundus locations by measurement of the relative reflectance is discussed. Instrumentation for these measurements and for switching from one wavelength to the other is described. Instrumentation for the possible expansion of krypton laser applications to clinical problems in the anterior segment also is suggested.
On PHY and MAC Performance in Body Sensor Networks (2009)

This paper presents an empirical investigation on the performance of body implant communication using radio frequency (RF) technology. In body implant communication, the electrical properties of the body influence the signal propagation in several ways. We use a Perspex body model (30 cm diameter, 80 cm height and 0.5 cm thickness) filled with a liquid that mimics the electrical properties of the basic body tissues. This model is used to observe the effects of body tissue on the RF communication. We observe best performance at 3cm depth inside the liquid. We further present a simulation study of several low-power MAC protocols for an on-body sensor network and discuss the derived results. Also, the traditional preamble-based TMDA protocol is extended towards a beacon-based TDMA protocol in order to avoid preamble collision and to ensure low-power communication.
Noninvasive Evaluation of Wall Shear Stress on Retinal Microcirculation in Humans (2006)

The authors demonstrated that the WSS in the retinal vessels could be evaluated noninvasively in humans using LDV and cone-plate viscometry. This system may be useful for further clinical investigation of the role of shear stress in the pathogenesis of various retinal disorders.
Serotherapy of B-cell neoplasms with anti-B4-blocked ricin: a phase I trial of daily bolus infusion (1992)

Anti-B4-blocked Ricin (Anti-B4-bR) is an immunotoxin comprised of the anti-B4 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) and the protein toxin "blocked ricin." The anti-B4 MoAb is directed against the B-lineage-restricted CD19 antigen expressed on more than 95% of normal and neoplastic B cells. Blocked ricin is an altered ricin derivative that has its nonspecific binding eliminated by chemically blocking the galactose binding domains of the B chain. In vitro cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that the IC37 of Anti-B4-bR is 2 x 10(-11) mol/L compared with 4 x 10(-12) mol/L for native ricin. A phase I dose escalation clinical trial was conducted in 25 patients with refractory B-cell malignancies. Anti-B4-bR was administered by daily 1-hour bolus infusion for 5 consecutive days at doses ranging from 1 microgram/kg/d to 60 micrograms/kg/d. Serum levels above 1 nmol/L were achieved transiently in the majority of patients treated at the maximum tolerated dose of 50 micrograms/kg/d for 5 days for a total dose of 250 micrograms/kg. The dose-limiting toxicity was defined by transient, reversible grade 3 elevations in hepatic transaminases, without impaired hepatic synthetic function. Minor toxicities included transient hypoalbuminemia, thrombocytopenia, and fevers. Human antimouse antibody and human anti-ricin antibody were detected in nine patients. One complete response, two partial responses, and eight mixed or transient responses were observed. These results show the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of Anti-B4-bR and indicate that this immunotoxin can be administered as a daily bolus infusion for 5 days with tolerable, reversible toxicity.
A Post-transcriptional Compensatory Pathway in Heterozygous Ventricular Myosin Light Chain 2-Deficient Mice Results in Lack of Gene Dosage Effect during Normal Cardiac Growth or Hypertrophy (1999)

Our previous study of homozygous mutants of the ventricular specific isoform of myosin light chain 2 (mlc-2v) demonstrated that mlc-2v plays an essential role in murine heart development (Chen, J., Kubalak, S. W., Minamisawa, S., Price, R. L., Becker, K. D., Hickey, R., Ross, J., Jr., and Chien, K. R. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1252-1256). As gene dosage of some myofibrillar proteins can affect muscle function, we have analyzed heterozygous mutants in depth. Ventricles of heterozygous mutants displayed a 50% reduction in mlc-2v mRNA, yet expressed normal levels of protein both under basal conditions and following induction of cardiac hypertrophy by aortic constriction. Heterozygous mutants exhibited cardiac function comparable to that of wild-type littermate controls both prior to and following aortic constriction. There were no significant differences in contractility and responses to calcium between wild-type and heterozygous unloaded cardiomyocytes. We conclude that heterozygous mutants show neither a molecular nor a physiological cardiac phenotype either at base line or following hypertrophic stimuli. These results suggest that post-transcriptional compensatory mechanisms play a major role in maintaining the level of MLC-2v protein in murine hearts. In addition, as our mlc-2v knockout mutants were created by a knock-in of Cre recombinase into the endogenous mlc-2v locus, this study demonstrates that heterozygous mlc-2v cre knock-in mice are appropriate for ventricular specific gene targeting.
Endocannabinoids and the Heart (2009)

Endocannabinoids, such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, are synthesized from membrane phospholipids in the heart and other cardiovascular tissues. They activate cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and perhaps a novel vascular G-protein-coupled receptor. Inactivation is by cellular uptake and fatty acid amide hydrolase. Endocannabinoids relax coronary and other arteries and decrease cardiac work but seem not to be involved in tonic regulation of cardiovascular function. They act as a stress response system, which is activated, for example, in myocardial infarction and circulatory shock. Endocannabinoids are largely protective; they decrease tissue damage and arrhythmia in myocardial infarction and may reduce progression of atherosclerosis (CB2 receptor stimulation inhibits lesion progression), and fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout mice (which have enhanced endocannabinoid levels) show decreased cardiac dysfunction with age compared with wild types. However, endocannabinoids may mediate doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction. Their signaling pathways are not fully elucidated but they can lead to changed expression of a variety of genes, including those involved in inflammatory responses. There is potential for therapeutic targeting of endocannabinoids and their receptors, but their apparent involvement in both protective and deleterious actions on the heart means that careful risk assessment is needed before any treatment can be introduced.
Anticorresponding mutations of the KRAS and PTEN genes in human endometrial cancer. (2000)

PTEN is a newly isolated candidate tumor suppressor gene and its mutation is the most frequently found in endometrial cancer (EC), a very common female pelvic malignant disease. Mutations of the KRAS gene are also reported in this disease. Recent analysis of the PTEN protein suggested the possibility that this protein acts in the same pathway as does the RAS protein. To elucidate this possibility further, we performed a mutation analysis of these two genes in 44 endometrial cancer specimens (38 primary tumors and 6 cell lines). Altogether 23 (52%) of 44 tumors had mutations in either PTEN or KRAS, but none of them had mutations in both of these genes. These results support the idea that the protein products of these two genes act in the same growth regulatory pathway in the endometrium.
莫斯科还是相信眼泪的——转型期俄国电影的问题（与希望？） (2002)

Ibrutinib did not induce any meaningful clinical benefit. ITK expression may not be clinically relevant. Treatment-refractory metastatic melanomas have other fundamental defects (i.e. absent PTEN and p16 expression, absent TILs) that may contribute to an adverse prognosis.
What is the Role of Hysteroscopy in the Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding? (1995)

Many otherwise healthy women will experience a significant disruption in lifestyle from abnormal uterine bleeding. Most of those seeking medical attention will not be at risk for developing anemia. In each case, a thorough search for underlying systemic, hormonal, and organic causes should be instituted. The use of blind endometrial sampling to evaluate the uterine cavity, by itself, is an inaccurate technique for diagnosing pathologic conditions commonly associated with menorrhagia, such as endometrial polyps, submucous myomata, and focal endometrial abnormalities including adenocarcinoma and its precursors. The supplementary application of diagnostic hysteroscopy with directed biopsy will ensure the recognition of these intracavitary lesions. The majority of women found to have endometrial polyps and submucous myomata can gain a successful reduction in their menstrual flow without hysterectomy by undergoing hysteroscopic removal of these lesions. Those without other uterine or pelvic pathology and who are closer to perimenopause are more likely to sustain long-lasting relief from these procedures. Medical therapy should be the first line of treatment for premenopausal women who are found to have no obvious cause for their abnormal uterine bleeding. Many of those who do not respond to, are unable to tolerate, or are unwilling to attempt this approach will undergo hysterectomy as the final answer. The absence of uterine pathology in most of these cases places an absolute demand on our specialty to innovate, and, whenever suited, to use more conservative surgical solutions. Our efforts to alter this behavior will undoubtedly be closely monitored by agents of managed care aiming to reward measures that reduce cost and improve the quality of care. The use of hysteroscopic ablation and resection to treat women suffering from intractable menorrhagia can safely and effectively reduce menstrual blood flow and should significantly curtail the performance of unnecessary hysterectomy. The comparative benefits and long-term advantages of these techniques beyond hysterectomy await the results of further studies. Furthermore, the risks of these hysteroscopic procedures to produce iatrogenic adenomyosis or to conceal or delay the usual signs of adenocarcinoma have yet to be ascertained. Vigilance for endometrial disease must not dwindle in the face of amenorrhea, as evidenced by a recent case report describing the development of endometrial carcinoma after 5 years of amenorrhea following endometrial electrocoagulation. Future methods of endometrial destruction for the control of abnormal uterine bleeding may include the nonhysteroscopic use of radio frequency, thermal transfer, hyperthermia, and photodynamic therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Study on N‐Glycopeptides. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Employing incongruency as a form of communication-relevant distraction to enhance attitude change in an advertising context (1993)

Rarely are messages devoid of visual information. Yet, theoretical explanations for the effect of visual elements on persuasion is limited. Marketers have shown that incongruent visual elements in advertisements can affect memory outcomes. This study bridged communication and consumer behavior research to develop a theoretical framework to explain the affect of incongruent visual elements on (1) attitude toward the ad, and (2) purchase intention. The results of this study provided limited support for the proposed framework. Findings indicated that relevant pictorials will yield more positive evaluations and purchase intentions than irrelevant pictorials. Expected pictorials were also found to impact evaluations. Several moderating variables are speculated to explain the impact of visual elements in an advertising context.
Src Kinase Regulates the Activation of a Novel FGD-1-related Cdc42 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor in the Signaling Pathway from the Endothelin A Receptor to JNK (2003)

Small GTPases act as binary switches by cycling between an inactive (GDP-bound) and an active (GTP-bound) state. Upon stimulation with extracellular signals, guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) stimulate the exchange of GDP to GTP to shift toward the active forms of small GTPases, recognizing the downstream targets. Here we show that KIAA0793, containing substantial sequence homology with the catalytic Dbl homology domain of the faciogenital dysplasia gene product (FGD1), is a specific GEF for Cdc42. We, therefore, tentatively named it FRG (FGD1-related Cdc42-GEF). Src kinase directly phosphorylates and activates FRG, as Vav family GEFs. Additionally, FRG is involved in the signaling pathway from the endothelin A receptor to c-Jun N-terminal kinase, resulting in the inhibition of cell motility. These results suggest that FRG is a member of Cdc42-GEF and plays an important role in the signaling pathway downstream of G protein-coupled receptors.
Dynamic CT Scanning for Visualization of the Parasellar Carotid Arteries (1982)

Evaluation of patients before transsphenoidal hypophysectomy for large intrasellar mass lesions has required bilateral internal carotid artery angiography. Using intravenous injection of contrast medium, a method has been developed to visualize the parasellar carotid arteries with rapid sequence sequential computed tomographic scanning. In 18 patients, the cavernous segments of the internal carotid arteries were well seen in 27 of 28 instances with technically complete examinations. The vascularity of the mass lesions and vascular encasement was also demonstrated.
Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of α-1-antitrypsin as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer (2014)

Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide. Thus, there is a critical need for diagnostic biomarkers with adequate sensitivity and specificity for lung cancer detection. Glycans in glycoproteins are significantly altered in cancer, and may serve as a tool for identifying potential diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have reported changes in α-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) glycosylation in lung cancer serum, tissue and cell lines. In this study, a lectin microarray was used to detect glycosylation changes in serum A1AT from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and benign pulmonary diseases. Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of A1AT were identified by lectin arrays and were confirmed by lectin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707). The present study indicates that glycosylated patterns of A1AT may serve as potential biomarkers for detection of lung cancer. Further studies in larger sample sizes are necessary to validate the clinical utility of these markers.
A randomized controlled trial of suicide prevention training for primary care providers: a study protocol (2019)

The study was registered on Clinical Trials Registry ( clinicaltrials.gov ) on December 14, 2016. The Trial Registration Number is NCT02996344 .