gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation-assisted design of microfluidic sample traps for optimal trapping and culture of non-adherent single cells, tissues, and spheroids (2017)

This work focuses on modelling design and operation of "microfluidic sample traps" (MSTs). MSTs regroup a widely used class of microdevices that incorporate wells, recesses or chambers adjacent to a channel to individually trap, culture and/or release submicroliter 3D tissue samples ranging from simple cell aggregates and spheroids, to ex vivo tissue samples and other submillimetre-scale tissue models. Numerous MST designs employing various trapping mechanisms have been proposed in the literature, spurring the development of 3D tissue models for drug discovery and personalized medicine. Yet, there lacks a general framework to optimize trapping stability, trapping time, shear stress, and sample metabolism. Herein, the effects of hydrodynamics and diffusion-reaction on tissue viability and device operation are investigated using analytical and finite element methods with systematic parametric sweeps over independent design variables chosen to correspond to the four design degrees of freedom. Combining different results, we show that, for a spherical tissue of diameter d < 500 μm, the simplest, closest to optimal trap shape is a cube of dimensions w equal to twice the tissue diameter: w = 2d. Furthermore, to sustain tissues without perfusion, available medium volume per trap needs to be 100× the tissue volume to ensure optimal metabolism for at least 24 hours.
Expression of the mouse metallothionein-I gene conferring cadmium resistance in a transgenic cyanobacterium (1998)

This paper reports the construction of a transgenic strain of cyanobacterium aimed at removing heavy metal pollution in waters. The mouse metallothionein-I (mMT-I) gene was inserted in the vector pRL-439 downstream of the strong psbA promoter. The resulting plasmid pRL-MT was ligated at the EcoRI site of the shuttle vector pKT-210 to generate the shuttle expression vector pKT-MT. This recombinant plasmid was introduced into Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 by triparental conjugative transfer. After selection on streptomycin, a stable transgenic Anabaena strain was obtained. The presence of the mMT-I gene was confirmed by DNA/DNA hybridization and its expression was demonstrated by immunodetection with specific antibodies. A metal tolerance experiment showed that this transgenic Anabaena strain had acquired higher metal resistance.
Brillouin Optical Microscopy for Corneal Biomechanics (2011)

Brillouin imaging can assess the biomechanical properties of cornea in situ with high spatial resolution. This novel technique has the potential for use in clinical diagnostics and treatment monitoring.
Virtual Reality Meets Smartwatch (2017)

Despite the fact of increasing popularity virtual environments still lack useful and natural interaction techniques. We present a multi-modal interaction interface, designed for smartwatches and smartphones for fully immersive environments. Our approach enhances the efficiency of interaction in virtual worlds in a natural and intuitive way. We have designed and implemented methods for handling seven gestures and compare our approach with common VR input technology, namely body tracking using a 3D camera. The findings suggest our approach to be very encouraging for further developments.
Neural networks approach towards determining Flax-Biocomposites composition and processing parameters (2009)

This research introduces neural networks (NN) as a novel approach towards aiding biocomposite materials processing. At its core, the aim of the research was to investigate NN usage as a tool for advancing the field of biocomposites. Empirical data was generated for compression-molded flax fiber and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) matrix based biocomposite materials. In an attempt to create the NN model, tensile strength, impact strength, hardness, bending strength, and density were provided to the NN as inputs. These inputs were processed through multiple layers of the NN, and contributed to the prediction of the composition (fiber loading percentage) and operating parameter (pressure in MPa) as output. In precis, NN’s use was investigated to predict composition and operational parameter for biocomposites production when the desired mechanical properties of the biocomposites were available.

Flax (Linum usitatissimum) fiber biocomposite boards were manufactured using chemically pretreated flax fiber and high density polyethylene (HDPE). After extensive preprocessing (combing and size reduction to 2 mm particles) and pretreatment regimen - flax fiber was mixed with HDPE and extruded using a laboratory scale single screw extruder. Extrudates generated from the extruder were again ground to 2 mm particles. Ground extrudates from different sample sets were exposed to a compression molding unit. The mold was put under two sets of pressures, (variable operating parameters) for all individual fiber loading. These boards were used to determine the mechanical properties tensile force, impact force, hardness, bending, and density. 
For verification and analysis of the mechanical properties, Microsoft Office Excel and a statistical software package SAS were used. After verification five different multilayer neural networks, i.e., cascade forward neural network, feedforward backpropagation neural network, neural unit (single layer, single neuron), feedforward time delay neural network and NARX, were trained and evaluated for performance. Ultimately, the feedforward backpropagation NN (FFBPNN) was selected as the most efficient. After rigorous testing, the FFBPNN trained by the TRAINSCG algorithm (Matlab ®) was selected to generate prediction results that were the most suitable, fast and accurate. 

Once the selection and training of the NN architecture was complete, biocomposite materials prediction was performed. From 9 separate input sets, NNs provided overall prediction error between 2 - and 4%. This was the same amount of error that was observed in the training of the neural network. It was concluded that the neural network approach for the experimental design and operational conditions were satisfied.
Phase Demodulation of Short-Cavity Fabry–Perot Interferometric Acoustic Sensors With Two Wavelengths (2017)

A phase interrogation method for a fiber-optic acoustic sensor based on a short-cavity extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) is proposed with two wavelengths. A multichannel tunable optical filter is employed, which selects out two monochromatic beams from the broadband interference spectrum of EFPI with fixed wavelength interval. The influence of the wavelength interval on the recovery of the phase signal has been theoretically and experimentally analyzed. To get the best sensitivity, the wavelength interval is fixed at one quarter of the period of sensor interference fringes. An optimized differential cross multiplication algorithm is utilized to demodulate the acoustic signal, which can eliminate the impact of optical power imbalance between the two light paths. This system may be a universal phase demodulation unit for short-cavity EFPI acoustic sensors. The EFPI acoustic sensing head is formed by an aluminum-attached polyethylene terephthalate membrane and a cleaved fiber tip. The sensor interrogated by the proposed demodulation system demonstrated large dynamic range in low-frequency domain under high sound pressure. A signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of ~53 dB is obtained at 80 Hz. These features make the sensor especially suitable for noise detection.
Molecular characterization of human enteroviruses in clinical samples: Comparison between VP2, VP1, and RNA polymerase regions using RT nested PCR assays and direct sequencing of products (2001)

Three nested RT-PCR assays were developed to permit sensitive typing of enteroviruses directly from clinical samples. These assays amplified short fragments from different genomic regions codifying for three proteins: VP2, VP1, and RNA polymerase. Given that enteroviruses have a high rate of degeneration within target codons among serotypes, the primers used consisted of mixed base and deoxyinosine residues. These techniques detected at 0.03-0.003 TCID50 of prototype Poliovirus 1 and Echovirus 30. They were used to characterize the enteroviral RNA detected in 18 CSF, stool, and throw swab samples and in 8 enterovirus isolates from patients with several syndromes. Phylogenetic analysis in each independent sequenced region grouped the enterovirus into four clusters, enabling genetic classification. A comparative study was performed among the 26 sequences obtained after direct sequencing of products with those available in the nucleotide databases. The efficiency of each assay for enterovirus identification was evaluated by both distance (Clustal) and similarity (M-NW) indices. Comparative results obtained independently in the three regions showed the highest yield of correlation between nucleotide sequences of all prototype serotypes and the analyzed genotypes in the VP1 region (26/26, 100% Clustal; 22/26, 85% M-NW). Conversely, the VP2 region failed to identify some of the circulating enteroviruses (17/26, 65% Clustal; 16/26, 62% M-NW). Using the RNA polymerase region, sequences from samples and isolates were associated with prototype strains whenever these were available (20/21, 95% Clustal; 12/21, 57% M-NW). These assays were useful for molecular identification of enterovirus directly from samples even when isolation was not possible.
The mental representation of syntax: Interfaces with production, comprehension, and learning (2019)

In three sets of experiments, this dissertation investigates the mental representation of syntactic structure. Chapter 1 aims to shed light on an ongoing debate between two models that aim to account for the regular production of an ungrammatical structure, resumption. Results support a production account rather than an audience-design account. Chapter 2 uses an artificial language learning paradigm to determine whether various long-distance dependencies are represented independently or as the same structure. Results indicate that the representation of these structures is unitary in some sense. Chapter 3 looks at individual differences in the production and comprehension of various structures to determine whether syntax is purely abstract, as generally assumed, or if it exists in a gradient representation space. Results reveal individual differences, suggesting that syntax does in fact have a gradient component. Together, these studies contribute to a growing body of work indicating that syntactic representations are complex and multifaceted, and require a more nuanced model than is often assumed.
A New Algorithm for Finding a Pseudoperipheral Node in a Graph (1990)

A new algorithm for the computation of a pseudoperipheral node of a graph is presented, and the application of this algorithm to reordering algorithms for the solution of sparse linear systems is discussed. Numerical tests on large sparse matrix problems show the efficiency of the new algorithm. When used for some of the reordering algorithms for reducing the profile and bandwidth of a sparse matrix, the results obtained with the pseudoperipheral nodes of the new algorithm are comparable to the results obtained with the pseudoperipheral nodes produced by the SPARSPAK version of the Gibbs—Poole—Stockmeyer algorithm. The advantage of the new algorithm is that it accesses the adjacency structure of the sparse matrix in a regular pattern. Thus this algorithm is much more suitable both for a parallel and for an out-of-core implementation of the ordering phase for sparse matrix problems.
The Application of RFID Technology in the Field of ITS (2006)

The RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) technology consists of a variety of technologies including large-scale integrated circuit technology,identification technology,computer and communication technology.A RFID system is composed of a Reader and RFID tags attached to carriers such as vehicles,equipment or persons.The identification of these tag carriers and exchange of data between reader and tag are executed in non-contact manner.The RFID technology is now exploited in a variety of areas including transportation,public security,road traffic administration,cargo flow management,etc.In this paper,the application of RFID technology in intelligent transportation field is introduced.
Carbachol Induces Ca2+-Dependent Contraction via Muscarinic M2 and M3 Receptors in Rat Intestinal Subepithelial Myofibroblasts (2009)

Intestinal myofibroblasts (IMFs) that exist adjacent to the basement membrane of intestines have contractility and contribute to physical barriers of the intestine. Nerve endings distribute adjacent to IMFs, suggesting neurotransmitters may influence IMFs motility; however, there is no direct evidence showing the interaction. Here, we isolated IMFs from rat colon and investigated the effect of acetylcholine on IMFs contractility. In the collagen gel contraction assay, carbachol (1 – 10 μM) and the muscarinic receptor agonist bethanechol (30 – 300 μM) dose-dependently induced IMFs contraction. Pretreatment with the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine (1 – 10 nM) inhibited carbachol-induced contraction. In RT-PCR, mRNA expression of all muscarinic receptor subtypes (M1 – M5) was detected in IMFs. Subsequently we found pretreatment with the muscarinic M2 receptor antagonist 11-([2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperdinyl]acetyl)-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine-6-one (AF-DX116) (10 and 30 nM) or the muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methyl-piperidine (4-DAMP) (3 and 10 nM) dose-dependently inhibited carbachol-induced contraction. In Ca2+ measurement, 1 – 10 μM carbachol and 30 – 300 μM bethanechol elevated the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in IMFs. Atropine (10 nM) eliminated carbachol-induced [Ca2+]i elevation. The Ca2+-channel blocker LaCl3 (3 μM) abolished carbachol-induced [Ca2+]i elevation and contraction. Furthermore, AF-DX116 and 4-DAMP dose-dependently inhibited the carbachol-induced [Ca2+]i elevation. These observations suggest that acetylcholine elicits Ca2+-dependent IMF contraction through muscarinic M2 and M3 receptors.
Identification of IL-17-producing FOXP3<sup>+</sup>regulatory T cells in humans (2009)

IL-17-producing CD4(+) T helper (Th17) cells have recently been defined as a unique subset of proinflammatory helper cells whose development depends on signaling initiated by IL-6 and TGF-beta, autocrine activity of IL-21, activation of STAT3, and induction of the orphan nuclear receptor RORgammat. The maintenance, expansion, and further differentiation of the committed Th17 cells depend on IL-1beta and IL-23. IL-17 was originally found produced by circulating human CD45RO(+) memory T cells. A recent study found that human Th17 memory cells selectively express high levels of CCR6. In this study, we report that human peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue contain a significant number of CD4(+)FOXP3(+) T cells that express CCR6 and have the capacity to produce IL-17 upon activation. These cells coexpress FOXP3 and RORgammat transcription factors. The CD4(+)FOXP3(+)CCR6(+) IL-17-producing cells strongly inhibit the proliferation of CD4(+) responder T cells. CD4(+)CD25(high)-derived T-cell clones express FOXP3, RORgammat, and IL-17 and maintain their suppressive function via a cell-cell contact mechanism. We further show that human CD4(+)FOXP3(+)CCR6(-) regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiate into IL-17 producer cells upon T-cell receptor stimulation in the presence of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-21, IL-23, and human serum. This, together with the finding that human thymus does not contain IL-17-producing Treg cells, suggests that the IL-17(+)FOXP3(+) Treg cells are generated in the periphery. IL-17-producing Treg cells may play critical roles in antimicrobial defense, while controlling autoimmunity and inflammation.
Chromatographic Techniques for the Determination of Free Phenol in Foundry Resins (2011)

Phenol is a toxic compound present in a wide variety of foundry resins. Its quantification is important for the characterization of the resins as well as for the evaluation of free contaminants present in foundry wastes. Two chromatographic methods, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (LC-UV) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), for the analysis of free phenol in several foundry resins, after a simple extraction procedure (30 min), were developed. Both chromatographic methods were suitable for the determination of phenol in the studied furanic and phenolic resins, showing good selectivity, accuracy (recovery 99–100%; relative deviations <5%), and precision (coefficients of variation <6%). The used ASTM reference method was only found to be useful in the analysis of phenolic resins, while the LC and GC methods were applicable for all the studied resins. The developed methods reduce the time of analysis from 3.5 hours to about 30 min and can readily be used in routine quality control laboratories.
Real-Time 6DOF Pose Relocalization for Event Cameras With Stacked Spatial LSTM Networks (2019)

We present a new method to relocalize the 6DOF pose of an event camera solely based on the event stream. Our method first creates the event image from a list of events that occurs in a very short time interval, then a Stacked Spatial LSTM Network (SP-LSTM) is used to learn the camera pose. Our SP-LSTM is composed of a CNN to learn deep features from the event images and a stack of LSTM to learn spatial dependencies in the image feature space. We show that the spatial dependency plays an important role in the relocalization task with event images and the SP-LSTM can effectively learn this information. The extensively experimental results on a publicly available dataset show that our approach outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods by a substantial margin, as well as generalizes well in challenging training/testing splits. The source code and trained models are available at https://github.com/nqanh/pose_relocalization.
Antigen Targeting to CD11b+ Dendritic Cells in Association with TLR4/TRIF Signaling Promotes Strong CD8+ T Cell Responses (2014)

Deciphering the mechanisms that allow the induction of strong immune responses is crucial to developing efficient vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer. Based on the discovery that the adenylate cyclase from Bordetella pertussis binds to the CD11b/CD18 integrin, we developed a highly efficient detoxified adenylate cyclase-based vector (CyaA) capable of delivering a large variety of Ags to the APC. This vector allows the induction of protective and therapeutic immunity against viral and tumoral challenges as well as against transplanted tumors in the absence of any added adjuvant. Two therapeutic vaccine candidates against human papilloma viruses and melanoma have been developed recently, based on the CyaA vector, and are currently in clinical trials. We took advantage of one of these highly purified vaccines, produced under good manufacturing practice-like conditions, to decipher the mechanisms by which CyaA induces immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that CyaA binds both human and mouse CD11b(+) dendritic cells (DCs) and induces their maturation, as shown by the upregulation of costimulatory and MHC molecules and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Importantly, we show that DCs sense CyaA through the TLR4/Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β pathway, independent of the presence of LPS. These findings show that CyaA possesses the intrinsic ability to not only target DCs but also to activate them, leading to the induction of strong immune responses. Overall, this study demonstrates that Ag delivery to CD11b(+) DCs in association with TLR4/Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β activation is an efficient strategy to promote strong specific CD8(+) T cell responses.
Latency in Cloud-Based Interactive Streaming Content (2012)

Personal cloud computing will offer individuals and small businesses unlimited computing and network resources with no restrictions of hardware, operating systems, and access networks and without the hassle and cost of regular maintenance and security. However, moving these applications into the cloud can add a good bit of latency between an action (e.g., dragging a mouse) and the expected result (highlighted text). Our initial investigation found that user-acceptable latency depends on the application, but the most stringent games demand a roundtrip latency of less than 100 ms. Examining the entire action-response path, we identified the major contributors to latency and what can be done to minimize it for personal computer (PC) applications executed in the cloud. In this paper, we provide target latency values for each stage and suggestions on how to achieve this target. Special focus is given to video encoding since current encoders do not sufficiently support multiple streams and the low latency required for a cost-effective personal cloud computing service. © 2012 Alcatel-Lucent.
Considerations of chiral recognition relevant to the liquid chromatography separation of enantiomers (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConsiderations of chiral recognition relevant to the liquid chromatography separation of enantiomersWilliam H. Pirkle and Thomas C. PochapskyCite this: Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 2, 347–362Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00092a006https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00092a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2825Altmetric-Citations788LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrogen‐Bonded CdS Nanoparticle Assemblies on Electrodes for Photoelectrochemical Applications (2005)

Trapping the light fantastic-ally! Enhanced photocurrents are observed for hydrogen-bonded gold nanoparticle/CdS nanoparticle arrays associated with a gold electrode surface (see scheme) as a result of charge separation and controlled electron transfer at the electrode interface.