gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The <i>serC-aro A</i> operon of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. A mixed function operon encoding enzymes from two different amino acid biosynthetic pathways (1986)

Sub-cloning experiments aimed at precisely locating the E. coli aroA gene, which encodes the shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase, showed that in certain constructions, which remain capable of complementing an auxotrophic aroA mutation, expression of aroA is reduced. DNA sequence analysis revealed that a sequence approx. 1200 base pairs (bp) upstream of aroA is necessary for its expression. An open reading frame was identified in this region which encodes a protein of 362 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 39,834 and which ends 70 bp before the start of the aroA coding sequence. This gene has been identified as serC, the structural gene for 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase, an enzyme of the serine biosynthetic pathway. Both genes are expressed as a polycistronic message which is transcribed from a promotor located 58 bp upstream of serC. Evidence is presented which confirms that the aroA and serC genes constitute an operon which has the novel feature of encoding enzymes from two different amino acid biosynthetic pathways.
Synthese und Reaktionen von Trisdimethylaminomethan (1966)

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A neural net arbitrator for large crossbar packet-switches (1989)

A Hopfield neural net architecture is proposed to control a crossbar switch in real time in order to effect the switching of packets at very high rates with maximum throughput. The performance of the net and the time needed for the analog computation are estimated from a numerical simulation of the real-time evolution of the neural states. An optimized VLSI implementation of an 8*8 neural net controller in 2- mu m CMOS technology is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient catalytic cleavage of DNA mediated by metalloaminoglycosides† (1998)

A. Sreedhara and J. A. Cowan, Chem. Commun., 1998, 1737 DOI: 10.1039/A802903B
New Synthetic Membranes for Dialysis. I. A Copolyether-Ester Membrane System<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Synthetic Membranes for Dialysis. I. A Copolyether-Ester Membrane System*Donald J. Lyman, Bock H. Loo, and Rufus W. CrawfordCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 7, 985–990Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00895a025https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00895a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Solid state laser with superbroadband or control generation spectrum</title> (1995)

We report here on a novel Color Center Laser (CCL) optical construction, providing two unique regimes of generation: (a) a simultaneous generation across the whole emission region of the LiF:F<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> active medium (1.1-1.24 micrometers ) with efficiency of 15% and a simultaneous frequency doubling in the visible green-red spectral region (0.55-0.62 micrometers ); (b) a regime of multi frequency lasing with a special preassigned spectral distribution or spectral coding by means of placing a special mask or image controller into the pump beam.
Antifungal Efficacy of Marine Macroalgae against Fungal Isolates from Bronchial Asthmatic Cases (2018)

Fungal sensitization is very common in bronchial asthmatic cases, and the connection with airway colonization by fungi remains uncertain. Antifungal therapy failure is a significant fraction of the cost and morbidity and mortality in the majority of the asthmatic cases. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of five marine macroalgae-<i>Acanthaophora specifera</i>, <i>Cladophoropsis</i> sp., <i>Laurencia paniculata</i>, <i>Tydemania</i> sp., and <i>Ulva prolifera</i>-which were tested on selected fungal pathogens isolated from 15 sputum of 45 bronchial asthmatic patients. The highest antifungal activity was observed in ethanol fractions of <i>L. paniculata</i> followed by <i>U. prolifera</i>, <i>Cladophoropsis</i> sp., <i>A. specifera</i>, and <i>Tydemania</i> sp. The minimum fungicidal concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration values of the ethanolic fractions of algal species were found to be 125⁻1000 µg/mL and 125⁻500 µg/mL, respectively. The algal extracts contained terpene alcohol, diterpene, steroids, sesquiterpene, and sesquiterpene alcohol, as determined by GC⁻MS/MS analyses. The present study shows that the marine macroalgae containing bioactive compounds had excellent inhibitory activity against a variety of fungal pathogens, which may be useful for combating fungal infections and recovering from chronic asthmatic states.
Hedge funds: truths and myths (2005)

Los hedge funds, o fondos de cobertura, han despertado la atencion de los inversores con una aureola de misticismo y oscurantismo, y se han convertido en un sector de mas de $1012 a nivel mundial. En este articulo se intenta simplemente presentar algunos hechos sobre el sector, y reflexionar sobre algunos de los mitos. En este articulo revisaremos la industria, sus productos, riesgos y plantea una manera de pensar sobre los hedge funds, desde el punto de vista del invesor, que tiene en cuenta sus diferencias respecto a las inversiones tradicionales.
S‐adenosylhomocysteine and the ratio of S‐adenosylmethionine to S‐adenosylhomocysteine are not related to folate, cobalamin and vitamin B6 concentrations (2003)

In contrast to homocysteine, the plasma concentrations of S-adenosylhomocysteine and the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine were not associated with the folate, cobalamin and vitamin B6 concentrations in the present study. If these precursors in part explain why homocysteine is associated with cardiovascular disease, homocysteine-lowering treatment with B vitamins may be less effective than currently expected, at least in an elderly population.
An Efficient Self Post Package Repair Algorithm and Implementation in Memory System with on-chip-EGG (2006)

An efficient self post package repair algorithm using on-chip-ECC is proposed and the circuit implementation details are presented. The proposed algorithm identifies and stores the addresses of hard fault detected by on-chip-ECC during post package test phase and performs subsequent repairs with changing supply voltage level controlled by tester. A yield improvement by 1~1.5% is expected and the efficiency of test and repair steps is enhanced by about 58~67%. The chip size overhead for its implementation is estimated to be under 0.4% for an 80 nm 1 Gb memory.
Keeping Your API Keys in a Safe (2014)

Cloud API (Application Programming Interface) enables client applications to access services and manage resources hosted in the Cloud. To protect themselves and their customers, Cloud service providers (CSP) often require client authentication for each API call. The authentication usually depends on some kind of secret (or called API key), for example, secret access key, password, or access token. As such, the API key unlocks the door to the treasure inside the Cloud. Hence, protecting these keys is critical. It is a difficult task especially on the client side, such as users' computers or mobile devices. How do CSPs authenticate client applications? What are security risks of managing API keys in common practices? How can we mitigate these risks? This paper focuses on finding answers to these questions. By reviewing popular client authentication methods that CSPs use and using Cloud APIs as software developers, we identified various security risks associated with API keys. To mitigate these risks, we use hardware secure elements for secure key provisioning, storage, and usage. The solution replaces the manual key handling with end-to-end security between CSP and its customers' secure elements. This removes the root causes of the identified risks and enhances API security. It also enhances the usability by eliminating manual key operations and alleviating software developers' worries of working with cryptography.
Cytokine induction in human coccidioidomycosis (1994)

To investigate the immune response to human infection with the fungus Coccidioides immitis, we measured cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plastic-adherent monocytes/macrophages (Mphi) isolated from healthy subjects who were skin test positive to spherulin, healthy subjects who were skin test negative, and patients with active coccidioidomycosis. PBMC and Mphi from all these donor groups secreted increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in response to stimulation with formalin-killed spherules (FKS), as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Viable C. immitis spherules also stimulated PBMC and Mphi from healthy subjects and patients to secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6, although at levels lower than those induced by FKS. The production of these acute inflammatory cytokines may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of active coccidioidomycosis and could account for the toxicity of the FKS vaccine in humans.
Controlled monodisperse Fe nanoparticles synthesized by chemical method (2005)

Monodisperse 5 to 20 nm Fe nanoparticles have been directly synthesized by chemical method. Growth processes of Fe nanoparticles were studied by analyzing samples of different reaction stages. The growth process of particles is not simply proportional to the reaction time. In initial reaction, the precursors abruptly decompose to many nuclei and then the nuclei grow up to small particles. Subsequently, the particles trend to uniform in a reasonable reaction condition. It takes some time from nucleation to formation of the monodisperse nanoparticles. Composite addition of surfactants can more efficiently control particle growth. The Fe particles with diameter of 35 nm can be produced by seed mediate method.
Shift Selectivity Calculation for Finite-Volume Holograms with Half-Cone Reference Beams (2006)

Analytical shift selectivity equations assume an infinite hologram size. When developing a compact holographic storage system, one uses small holograms. From a practical viewpoint, it is better to use reflection type discs, in which the entire optical system, writing and reading objectives, among others, are on the same side of the disc. For reflection-type holographic discs, it is important to use half-cone-shaped reference beams to avoid generating ghost images caused by phase conjugate readout. Our calculations show significant discrepancy between the shift selectivity curves corresponding to the approximated analytic equation and the numerically calculated shift selectivity curves.
Makna Tanah Menurut Suku Dayak Bahau Busaang dan Teologi Lingkungan (2020)

The purpose of the study is: Finding the meaning of land according to the Dayak Bahau Busaang and comparing it to the meaning of land according to the view of the Catholic Church in terms of Environmental Theology. Then making a reflective review of the meaning of land from the perspectives of the two entities as a rationale for environmental catechesis related to land, specifically on the environmental catechesis in the parish of Santa Maria Long Hubung.This research was conducted in the village of Long Hubung Ulu, Long Hubung District, Mahakam Ulu Regency using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews and secondary data collection and informants is this study were twelve informants. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the Dayak Bahau Busaang Long Hubung Ulu and the Catholic Church have similarities in interpreting land because they both contain physical, social and religious aspects in their perspectives that illustrate the relationship between all creatures and the Creator and a symbol of hereditary interaction with the environment.
Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) and comparison with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (2008)

The antioxidant potential of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), also known as AD4, was assessed by employing different in vitro assays. These included reducing power, free radical scavenging capacities, peroxidation inhibiting activity through linoleic acid emulsion system and metal chelating capacity, as compared to NAC and three widely used antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Of the antioxidant properties that were investigated, NACA was shown to possess higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging ability and reducing power than NAC, at all the concentrations, whereas the scavenging ability of H(2)O(2) differed with concentration. While NACA had greater H(2)O(2) scavenging capacity at the highest concentration, NAC was better than NACA at lower concentrations. NAC and NACA had a 60% and 55% higher ability to prevent beta-carotene bleaching, respectively, as compared to control. The chelating activity of NACA was more than 50% that of the metal chelating capacity of EDTA and four and nine times that of BHT and alpha-tocopherol, respectively. When compared to NACA and NAC; alpha-tocopherol had higher DPPH scavenging abilities and BHT and alpha-tocopherol had better beta-carotene bleaching power. These findings provide evidence that the novel antioxidant, NACA, has indeed enhanced the antioxidant properties of NAC.
Condom use and attitudes among heterosexual college students. (1994)

Differences between male and female attitudes and behaviour are important to address in AIDS prevention. Along with an emphasis on the improvement of condom use techniques, it is critical to focus on gender issues of assertiveness, power and trust.
3D Fiber‐Deposited Electrospun Integrated Scaffolds Enhance Cartilage Tissue Formation (2007)

Abstract Despite the periodical and completely interconnected pore network that characterizes rapid prototyped scaffolds, cell seeding efficiency remains still a critical factor for optimal tissue regeneration. This can be mainly attributed to the current resolution limits in pore size. We present here novel three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds fabricated by combining 3D fiber deposition (3DF) and electrospinning (ESP). Scaffolds consisted of integrated 3DF periodical macrofiber and random ESP microfiber networks (3DFESP). The 3DF scaffold provides structural integrity and mechanical properties, while the ESP network works as a “sieving” and cell entrapment system and offers?at the same time?cues at the extracellular matrix (ECM) scale. Primary bovine articular chondrocytes were isolated, seeded, and cultured for four weeks on 3DF and 3DFESP scaffolds to evaluate the influence of the integrated ESP network on cell entrapment and on cartilage tissue formation. 3DFESP scaffolds enhanced cell entrapment as compared to 3DF scaffolds. This was accompanied by a higher amount of ECM (expressed in terms of sulphated glycosaminoglycans or GAG) and a significantly higher GAG/DNA ratio after 28 days. SEM analysis revealed rounded cell morphology on 3DFESP scaffolds. Spread morphology was observed on 3DF scaffolds, suggesting a direct influence of fiber dimensions on cell differentiation. Furthermore, the ESP surface topology also influenced cell morphology. Thus, the integration of 3DF and ESP techniques provide a new set of “smart” scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (PCB) from Waste Tires in Asphalt Pavement (Part 2, Asphalt Binder) (1996)

Scrap tires derived from automobiles have become a large environmental problem in the United States. In this study, research is carried out to investigate the potential use of tire-derived pyrolyzed carbon black from scrap tires as an asphalt cement modifier. The asphalt cements used in this research were AC10 and AC20. Penetration and softening point tests were performed to obtain the consistency of the asphalt cements. The pyrolyzed carbon black, as provided by Wolf Industries, was combined with the asphalt cement in the following percentages; 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Penetration, softening point and ductility tests were performed to determine the temperature susceptibility of the modified binder as altered by the pyrolyzed carbon black. In order that the results are comparable to previous testing, commercial carbon black purchased from CABOT Industry was also used as a modifier in the tests. The same test procedures were applied to the asphalt cements modified by commercial carbon black. The test results contained in this report illustrate the viability of the pyrolyzed carbon black as an asphalt modifier. Recommendations are provided to facilitate further research on this particular project. A preliminary assessment of a test road using the pyrolyzed carbon is appended.
Controlling Secondary-Flow Structure by Leading-Edge Airfoil Fillet and Inlet Swirl to Reduce Aerodynamic Loss and Surface Heat Transfer (2002)

Computations, based on the ensemble-averaged compressible Navier-Stokes equations closed by the shear-stress transport (SST) turbulence model, were performed to investigate the effects of leading-edge airfoil fillet and inlet-swirl angle on the flow and heat transfer in a turbine-nozzle guide vane. Three fillet configurations were simulated: no fillet (baseline), a fillet whose thickness fades on the airfoil, and a fillet whose thickness fades on the endwall. For both fillets, the maximum height above the endwall is positioned along the stagnation zone/line on the airfoil under the condition of no swirl. For each configuration, three inlet swirls were investigated: no swirl (baseline) and two linearly varying swirl angle from one endwall to the other (+30° to −30° and −30° to +30°). Results obtained show that both leading-edge fillet and inlet swirl can reduce aerodynamic loss and surface heat transfer. For the conditions of this study, the difference in stagnation pressure from the nozzle’s inlet to its exit were reduced by more than 40% with swirl or with fillet without swirl. Surface heat transfer was reduced by more than 10% on the airfoil and by more than 30% on the endwalls. When there is swirl, leading-edge fillets became less effective in reducing aerodynamic loss and surface heat transfer, because the fillets were not optimized for swirl angles imposed. Since the intensity and size of the cross flow were found to increase instead of decrease by inlet swirl and by the type of fillet geometries investigated, the results of this study indicate that the mechanisms responsible for aerodynamic loss and surface heat transfer are more complex than just the intensity and the magnitude of the secondary flows. This study shows their location and interaction with the main flow to be more important, and this could be exploited for positive results.
Structural Comparison of Various Silkworm Silks: An Insight into the Structure–Property Relationship (2018)

Silkworm silk has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and promising applications in biomedical sector. However, a clear understanding of the molecular structure and the relationship between the excellent mechanical properties and the silk protein sequences are still lacking. This study carries out a thorough comparative structural analysis of silk fibers of four silkworm species ( Bombyx mori, Antheraea pernyi, Samia cynthia ricini, and Antheraea assamensis). A combination of characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy, mechanical test, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and NMR spectroscopy was applied to investigate the morphologies, mechanical properties, amino acid compositions, nanoscale organizations, and molecular structures of various silkworm silks. Furthermore, the structure-property relationship is discussed by correlating the molecular structural features of silks with their mechanical properties. The results show that a high content of β-sheet structures and a high crystallinity would result in a high Young's modulus for silkworm silk fibers. Additionally, a low content of β-sheet structures would result in a high extensibility.
Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of metallic surface-relief gratings (1986)

A rigorous coupled-wave analysis for metallic surface-relief gratings is presented. This approach allows an arbitrary complex permittivity to be used for the material and thus avoids the infinite conductivity (perfect-conductor) approximation. Both TE and TM polarizations and arbitrary angles of incidence are treated. Diffraction characteristics for rectangular-groove gold gratings with equal groove and ridge widths are presented for free-space wavelengths of 0.5, 1.0 and 10.0 μm for all diffracted orders as a function of period, groove depth, polarization, and angle of incidence. Results include the following: (1) TM-polarization diffraction characteristics vary more rapidly than do those for TE polarization, (2) 95% first-order diffraction efficiency occurs for TM polarization at 10.0 μm, (3) <0.1% zero-order specular reflectivity occurs for both TE and TM polarizations, (4) >50% absorption of incident power occurs at 0.5 μm, and (5) the perfect-conductor approximation is not valid for TM polarization at any of the wavelengths and is not valid for TE polarization at 0.5 μm.
Optical three-dimensional shape analysis of metallic nanoparticles after laser-induced deformation (2007)

The 3D shape of Ag nanoparticles in glass irradiated by fs laser pulses is investigated by optical spectroscopy. It is shown that in general spheroids are produced with their symmetry axis oriented along the direction of the linear laser polarization. Depending on the actual irradiation conditions, oblate or prolate spheroids are obtained. The halo of small Ag clusters and Ag ions around the reshaped particles causes a redshift of the surface plasmon resonances via refractive index increase.