gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia--diagnosis and treatment]. (2013)

Behavioral and psychological signs and symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can be interpreted as cognitively impaired patients' responses to external stimuli. The causes of BPSD include physical, psychological, and environmental factors, although combinations of these factors usually contribute to the development of BPSD. Representative conditions that should be distinguished from dementia include delirium, aphasia, and depression. It is important to differentiate depression from apathy associated with dementia. A well-balanced combination of drug therapy and non-pharmacological methods is required for the treatment of BPSD. Non-pharmacological methods should be considered first to address moderate BPSD in particular. It is advisable to carefully provide drug treatment following environmental control and non-drug treatment, and minimize adverse effects taking into consideration the physical characteristics of the elderly. Regarding methods for formulation according to the symptom, hyper- and hypoactivity symptoms should be addressed separately.
Thermal denaturation of human haemoglobins (1970)

Research Article| October 01 1970 Thermal denaturation of human haemoglobins J Kinderlerer; J Kinderlerer Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H Lehmann; H Lehmann Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K F Tipton K F Tipton Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1970) 119 (5): 66P–67P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1190066Pc Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J Kinderlerer, H Lehmann, K F Tipton; Thermal denaturation of human haemoglobins. Biochem J 1 October 1970; 119 (5): 66P–67P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1190066Pc Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1970 The Biochemical Society1970 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Ion-Driven ATP Pump by Self-Organized Hybrid Membrane Materials (2004)

We report new hybrid organic-inorganic materials, based on macrocyclic receptors 1-3 self-organized in tubular superstructures prepared by sol-gel process. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and NMR spectroscopic analyses demonstrate that the self-organization by hydrogen bonding of organogel superstructures of 2 and 3 were preserved in the hybrid materials throughout the sol-gel process. The molecular arrangement of heteroditopic receptors defines a particularly attractive functional transport device for both cation (tubular macrocycles) and anion (sandwich-urea) directional-diffusion transport mechanism in the hybrid membrane material. This system has been employed successfully to design a solid dense membrane, functioning as an ion-powered adenosine triphosphate (ATP(2)(-)) pump, and illustrates how a self-organized hybrid material performs interesting and potentially useful functions.
Fuzzy border distance transforms and their use in 2D skeletonization (2003)

Segmentation is always a difficult task in image analysis. In this paper, we propose a solution to computing distance transforms in images with fuzzy object borders. The difference from a standard distance transform is in the initialisation, which takes the fuzziness of the border into account. As an example of its usefulness, the new fuzzy border distance transform is used in skeletonization.
Renal-associated TLR2 mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the kidney (2005)

TLRs are conserved pattern recognition receptors that detect motifs of pathogens and host material released during injury. For unknown reasons, renal TLR2 mRNA is mainly expressed by tubular cells and is enhanced upon renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We evaluated the role of TLR2 in I/R injury using TLR2-/- and TLR2+/+ mice, TLR2 antisense oligonucleotides, and chimeric mice deficient in leukocyte or renal TLR2. Tubular cells needed TLR2 to produce significant cytokine and chemokine amounts upon ischemia in vitro. TLR2 played a proinflammatory and detrimental role in vivo after I/R injury, as reflected by a reduction in the amount of local cytokines and chemokines, leukocytes, and the level of renal injury and dysfunction in TLR2-/- mice compared with controls. Analysis of chimeric mice suggested that TLR2 expressed on renal parenchyma plays a crucial role in the induction of inflammation and injury. TLR2-antisense treatment protected mice from renal dysfunction, neutrophil influx, and tubular apoptosis after I/R injury compared with nonsense treatment. In summary, we identified renal-associated TLR2 as an important initiator of inflammatory responses leading to renal injury and dysfunction in I/R injury. These data imply that TLR2 blockade could provide a basis for therapeutic strategies to treat or prevent renal ischemic injury.
Prins Reaction of Homoallenyl Alcohols: Access to Substituted Pyrans in the Halichondrin Series (2017)

Prins reaction of homoallenyl alcohols with aldehyde dimethylacetals in the presence of methoxyacetic acid directly affords tetrasubstituted pyrans relevant to halichondrins with complete control of the C27 stereogenic center. Regioselective Tsuji reduction of the resultant allylic acetates stereoselectively establishes the C25 stereogenic center and C26 exocyclic olefin. Building upon these findings, we achieved concise access to the halichondrin C14-C38 and eribulin C14-C35 fragments.
Maneuvering target detection in over-the-horizon radar by using adaptive chirplet transform and subspace clutter rejection (2003)

In over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) target detection, the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) is very low, typically from -50 dB to -60 dB. Furthermore, for maneuvering targets, such as aircraft and missiles, Doppler frequencies of their radar return signals may be time-varying. In this case, the Fourier transform based techniques and super resolution spectrum estimation techniques may not work well since they use sinusoidal signal models. We propose a signal subspace clutter rejection algorithm combined with an adaptive chirplet transform technique for maneuvering target detection with OTHR. Simulation results of adding simulated maneuvering targets into raw OTHR clutter data are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show that moving targets with -53.5 dB SCR can be detected.
Research and Design of Dedicated Instruction for Reconfigurable Matrix Multiplication of VLIW Processor (2016)

Matrix multiplication plays a pivotal role in the symmetric cipher algorithms and trusted cloud computing platform, but it is one of the most complex and time consuming units, its performance directly affects the efficiency of cipher algorithms. Combined with the characteristics of VLIW processor and matrix multiplication of symmetric cipher algorithms, this paper extracted the reconfigurable elements and analyzed the principle of matrix multiplication, then designed the reconfigurable architecture of matrix multiplication of VLIW processor further, at last we put forward single instructions for matrix multiplication between 4×1 and 4×4 matrix or two 4×4 matrix over GF(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> ), through the instructions extension, the instructions can support larger dimension operations. The experiment shows that the instructions we designed supports different dimensions matrix multiplication and improves the processing speed of multiplication greatly.
A Multifunctional Arithmetical Processor Model Integrated Inside a Single Molecule (2006)

Improving the processing power of molecules remains the challenge for molecular logic and computation. Here we report a 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (PIPH)-based three-state molecular switch by controlling its unique emission and absorption spectra in the acid and base condition. On one hand, PIPH can perform simultaneously the functions of an "AND" gate and an "XOR" gate, capable of operating as a half-adder, and the "off-on-off" function as well as comparison function by monitoring its fluorescent spectral changes. On the other hand, the molecule can also implement in parallel the functions of an "XOR" gate and two "INH" gates by monitoring its absorption spectral changes, which constructs two half-subtractors. The cooperative operation of comparator and half-subtractor makes general subtraction operation become possible, which is discussed conceptually in the report.
Chitin Analog AVR-25 Prevents Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (2020)

Infants born extremely preterm are at a high risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is characterized by large, simplified alveoli, increased inflammation, disrupted and dysregulated vasculogenesis, decreased cell proliferation, and increased cell death in the lungs. Due to lack of specific drug treatments to combat this condition, BPD and its long-term complications have taken a significant toll of healthcare resources. AVR-25, a novel immune modulator experimental compound, was able to partially recover the pulmonary phenotype in the hyperoxia-induced experimental mouse model of BPD. We anticipate that AVR-25 will have therapeutic potential for managing human BPD.
Improvement of Structural and Mechanical Properties of Denitrifying Alginate Beads by Freeze-Drying (1997)

Alginate beads containing a denitrifying isolate (Pseudomonas sp.) and starch were pretreated by freeze-drying before incubation under denitrifying conditions. The physical and denitrifying properties of this immobilization complex were compared to those of untreated “wet” alginate beads. Freeze-dried alginate beads revealed physical properties similar to those of porous, spongelike matrices. As compared to conventionally prepared alginate beads, physical damage, due to gas accumulation under denitrifying conditions, was considerably reduced in freeze-dried beads. Stress−strain tests were performed, and the latter beads were found to be considerably stronger than the conventionally prepared ones. The stronger, freeze-dried beads sustained denitrifying activity over a prolonged period as compared to the regular beads.
Assembly and Function of the Precursor B-Cell Receptor (2015)

During early stages of development, precursor B lymphocytes express a characteristic type of antigen receptor known as the pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR). This receptor differs from conventional BCRs in that it possesses a germ line-encoded surrogate light chain (SLC), which is associated with the signal transduction machinery via heavy chain (HC) proteins that have been generated by productive rearrangement of the immunoglobulin HC genes. The pre-BCR marks a key step of B-cell commitment, as it activates the B-cell-specific signaling cascade and mediates the selection, expansion, and differentiation of cells expressing a productively rearranged HC protein. Another difference between the pre-BCR and conventional BCR might be the initial event that triggers receptor activation, as the pre-BCR is activated in the absence of external ligands, while conventional BCRs require antigen for activation. Nonetheless, the pre-BCR downstream signaling cascade is largely similar to that of the BCR suggesting that the characteristic LC of the pre-BCR mediates important receptor interactions thereby providing distinctive, germ line-encoded features to the pre-BCR. In fact, the SLC enables the pre-BCR to act as a surrogate autoreactive receptor. Here, we outline the structure and function of the pre-BCR and how the autonomous signaling capacity might be a direct consequence of pre-BCR assembly. In addition to its role in early B-cell development, we discuss how the ordered activation of downstream signaling cascades enables the pre-BCR to activate seemingly opposing cellular programs such as proliferation and differentiation.
A Test Problem Generator for Discrete Linear <i>L</i> <sub>1</sub> Approximation Problems (1980)

Described here are the theoretmal development and computer implementation of a procedure that generates test problems for L~ esth-nation of the linear model y= Xfl + u. The generation procedure allows the user flembdlty m specifying the problem dimensions, the LI solution vector fl*, the distribution of the observed residuals ~, as well as the column rank, row repetitions, and degree of degeneracy of the matrix X The user can also specify the distributional form, mean, and variance for each independent variable An lraportant feature of the generator is that any problem it creates is guaranteed to have a umque solutmn ~ whenever X has full rank
Epstein-Barr virus nuclear protein 2 mutations define essential domains for transformation and transactivation (1991)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear protein 2 (EBNA-2) is essential for B-lymphocyte growth transformation. EBNA-2 transactivates expression of the EBV latent membrane protein (LMP-1) and also transactivates expression of the B-lymphocyte proteins CD21 and CD23. In order to analyze the functional domains of EBNA-2, we constructed 11 linker-insertion and 15 deletion mutations. Each of the mutant EBNA-2 proteins localized to the nucleus, and each was expressed at levels similar to wild-type EBNA-2. Deletion of both EBNA-2 basic domains was required to prevent nuclear localization, indicating that either is sufficient for nuclear translocation. The mutant EBNA-2 genes were assayed for lymphocyte transformation after recombination with the EBNA-2-deleted P3HR-1 EBV genome and for LMP-1 transactivation following transfection into P3HR-1-infected B-lymphoma cells. Cell lines transformed by recombinant EBV carrying EBNA-2 mutations were assayed for growth properties and LMP-1, CD21, and CD23 expression. The mutational analysis indicates that at least four separate EBNA-2 domains are essential for lymphocyte transformation. Two other domains are necessary for the full transforming phenotype. Two deletion and eight linker-insertion mutations did not reduce transforming activity. Mutations which diminish or abolish lymphocyte transformation also diminish or abolish LMP-1 transactivation, respectively. Cells transformed by recombinant EBV carrying EBNA-2 genes with diminished or normal transforming activity all expressed high levels of LMP-1, CD23, and CD21. These findings suggest that transactivation of these viral and cellular genes by EBNA-2 plays a critical role in lymphocyte transformation by EBV. Furthermore, these results indicate that the transformation and transactivation functions of EBNA-2 may not be separable.
<title>Design Versatility Of The Prism Panoramic Camera: The KS-116 And KA-95 Cameras</title> (1981)

The increased need for smaller and more versatile aerial reconnaissance equipment has led to the use of the KS-116 camera in the RF-4B aircraft, and the KA-95 in the RIF-5E. Both cameras use a 12-inch fl, f/4.0 lens and a 5-inch film transport. The main difference between these two cameras is their configuration. This paper describes the features of the two cameras, including: selectable scan angle, forward motion compensation (FMC), roll stabilization, exposure control, unique packaging differences and focus correction. The inherent packaging flexibility of the prism pan camera and the availability of key modules have led to multiple configurations of which the KS-116 and KA-95 are two examples.
Cells navigate with a local-excitation, global-inhibition-biased excitable network (2010)

Cells have an internal compass that enables them to move along shallow chemical gradients. As amoeboid cells migrate, signaling events such as Ras and PI3K activation occur spontaneously on pseudopodia. Uniform stimuli trigger a symmetric response, whereupon cells stop and round up; then localized patches of activity appear as cells spread. Finally cells adapt and resume random migration. In contrast, chemotactic gradients continuously direct signaling events to the front of the cell. Local-excitation, global-inhibition (LEGI) and reaction-diffusion models have captured some of these features of chemotaxing cells, but no system has explained the complex response kinetics, sensitivity to shallow gradients, or the role of recently observed propagating waves within the actin cytoskeleton. We report here that Ras and PI3K activation move in phase with the cytoskeleton events and, drawing on all of these observations, propose the LEGI-biased excitable network hypothesis. We formulate a model that simulates most of the behaviors of chemotactic cells: In the absence of stimulation, there are spontaneous spots of activity. Stimulus increments trigger an initial burst of patches followed by localized secondary events. After a few minutes, the system adapts, again displaying random activity. In gradients, the activity patches are directed continuously and selectively toward the chemoattractant, providing an extraordinary degree of amplification. Importantly, by perturbing model parameters, we generate distinct behaviors consistent with known classes of mutants. Our study brings together heretofore diverse observations on spontaneous cytoskeletal activity, signaling responses to temporal stimuli, and spatial gradient sensing into a unified scheme.
Elastomer-Resin Blends: Acrylonitrile Type Synthetic Rubber and Polyvinyl Chloride Resins (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElastomer-Resin Blends: Acrylonitrile Type Synthetic Rubber and Polyvinyl Chloride Resins D. W. Young, D. J. Buckley, R. G. Newberg, and L. B. TurnerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 2, 401–408Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50470a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50470a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Minimal Sequence Requirements for Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Activating Human TLR9 (2015)

Synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) containing CpG (unmethylated deoxycytidylyl-deoxyguanosine dinucleotide) motifs activate endosomal TLR9. The nucleotide sequence, length, and dimerization properties of ODNs modulate their activation of TLR9. We performed a systematic investigation of the sequence motifs of B-class and C-class phosphodiester ODNs to identify the sequence properties that govern TLR9 activation. ODNs shorter than 21 nt and with the adenosine adjacent to the cytidine-guanosine (CG) dinucleotide motif led to a significant loss of the propensity to activate TLR9. The distance between the stimulatory CpG motifs within the ODN fine-tunes the activation of B cells. The minimal ODNs that activate human TLR9 comprise 2 CG dinucleotides separated by 6-10 nt, where the first CpG motif is preceded by the 5'-thymidine and the elongated poly-thymidine tail at the 3' end of the ODN. The minimal sequence provides insight into the molecular mechanism of TLR9 ligand recognition. On the basis of sequence requirements, we conclude that two binding sites with different affinities for CG are formed in the human TLR9 dimer, with a very stringent binding site interacting with the 5' CpG motif.
Electronic band structure and carrier concentration of formamidinium–cesium mixed cation lead mixed halide hybrid perovskites (2018)

The electronic structure of hybrid perovskite compositions of FA0.83 Cs0.17 PbI3−xBrx (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) is determined using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectroscopy. With the help of UPS, ionization potential and Fermi energy are determined, and using absorption measurements, bandgap values are obtained. It is observed that for FA0.83 Cs0.17 PbI3−xBrx, as the Br content increases, the bandgap increases. The UPS measurements confirm the n-type nature of all compositions. Additionally, the Hall measurements were carried out for the selected compositions and the n-type carrier concentrations were determined.
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure (<i>S</i>)(+)‐α‐phellandrene from (<i>R</i>)(−)‐carvone (1990)

Abstract α‐Phellandrene is widely distributed in spices and herbs. In the essential oils, the (−)‐form appears more commonly in Mentha, Pinus, Lavandula and Zanthoxylum species. 1.2 The (+)‐form of α‐phellandrene is most significant in Ridolfa species, 2 and has been recently associated in the dill herb 3 with a strong and typical dill‐like aromatic note. In order to clarify, and to confirm by synthesis, the odour characteristics related to the stereochemical properties of the (+)‐form, it was necessary to provide the pure enantiomer with the known absolute configuration.
A novel ZVS-PWM half-bridge converter (2002)

A novel zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) PWM half-bridge power converter is presented. The proposed power converter consists of a conventional half-bridge power converter and two added switches in series with the secondary rectifier diodes. This power converter is controlled by PWM of the main switches using a novel switching sequence with constant switching frequency. The zero voltage switching of the main switches is maintained by partial resonance during the interval where both the main switches are off, and the secondary switches turn on and off with zero voltage and zero current. The operation of this power converter is described by use of equivalent circuits and is verified by experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Calcium preconditioning inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis (2001)

We tested the hypothesis whether calcium preconditioning (CPC) reduces reoxygenation injury by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Cultured myocytes were preconditioned by a brief exposure to 1.5 mM calcium (CPC) and subjected to 3 h of anoxia followed by 2 h of reoxygenation (A-R). Myocytes were also treated with 0.2 microM/l cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of MPT, before A-R. A significant increase of viable cells and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release was observed both in CPC- and CsA-treated myocytes compared with the A-R group. Cytochrome c release was predominantly observed in the cytoplasm of myocytes in the A-R group in contrast with CPC- or CsA-treated groups, where it was restricted only to mitochondria. Similarly, the cell death by apoptosis was also markedly attenuated in these groups. Electron-dense Ca(2+) deposits in mitochondria were also less frequent. Atractyloside (20 microM/l), an adenine nucleotide translocase inhibitor, caused changes similar to those in the A-R group, suggesting a role of MPT in A-R injury. Protection by inhibition of MPT by CsA and CPC suggests that MPT plays an important role in reoxygenation/reperfusion injury. The data further suggest that preconditioning inhibits MPT by inhibiting Ca(2+) accumulation by mitochondria.