gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Architecture for Insider Misuse Threat Prediction in IT Systems (2005)

The ever increasing computerization of business processes and mission critical applications,\ncombined with the rising number of Internet technologies, has created new security threats for\ncomputer systems and networks. Numerous studies indicate that amongst the various types of\nsecurity threats, the ones that originate from legitimate user actions can have serious consequences\nfor the health of IT infrastructures. Although incidents of external origin are also dangerous, the\ninsider IT misuse problem is difficult to address for a number of different reasons.\nThis thesis is concerned with the systematic study of the nature of Insider IT misuse problems, as\nwell as the development of experimental insider IT misuse prediction techniques. The systematic\nstudy of legitimate user misuse actions is necessary due to the composite and variable nature of\nInsider IT misuse.\nThe thesis contains the results of a small scale survey that highlighted many important aspects of\ninsider misuse actions. The results formed the basis for a suitable Insider Misuse Threat Prediction\nFactor Taxonomy, the end product of the systematic examination of the insider IT misuse\nphenomenon. The taxonomy was then used to construct a systems architecture that facilitates\nlegitimate user threat prediction.\nAlthough the proposed experimental architecture is far from the quality of a production-level utility,\nit constitutes a novel Insider Threat Prediction Model, which at the time of writing is unique in terms\nof its comprehensive design. It is considered that the predictive techniques could be taken forward\nin future research, in order to enhance the capability of existing Intrusion Detection Systems and aid\nIT professionals to mitigate Insider threats effectively. Various aspects of the proposed threat\nprediction model, the Insider IT misuse survey, as well as the proposed Threat Prediction Taxonomy\nhave been published in conference proceedings and journals.
The putative monocarboxylate permeases of the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> do not transport monocarboxylic acids across the plasma membrane (2001)

We have characterized the monocarboxylate permease family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae comprising five proteins. We could not find any evidence that the monocarboxylate transporter-homologous (Mch) proteins of S. cerevisiae are involved in the uptake or secretion of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate or acetate across the plasma membrane. A yeast mutant strain deleted for all five MCH genes exhibited no growth defects on monocarboxylic acids as the sole carbon and energy sources. Moreover, the uptake and secretion rates of monocarboxylic acids were indistinguishable from the wild-type strain. Additional deletion of the JEN1 lactate transporter gene completely blocked uptake of lactate and pyruvate. However, uptake of acetate was not even affected after the additional deletion of the gene YHL008c, which had been proposed to code for an acetate transporter. The mch1-5 mutant strain showed strongly reduced biomass yields in aerobic glucose-limited chemostat cultures, pointing to the involvement of Mch transporters in mitochondrial metabolism. Indeed, intracellular localization studies indicated that at least some of the Mch proteins reside in intracellular membranes. However, pyruvate uptake into isolated mitochondria was not affected in the mch1-5 mutant strain. It is concluded that the yeast monocarboxylate transporter-homologous proteins perform other functions than do their mammalian counterparts.
By Interacting with the C-terminal Phe of Apelin, Phe255 and Trp259 in Helix VI of the Apelin Receptor Are Critical for Internalization (2010)

Apelin is the endogenous ligand of the orphan seven-transmembrane domain (TM) G protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin is involved in the regulation of body fluid homeostasis and cardiovascular functions. We previously showed the importance of the C-terminal Phe of apelin 17 (K17F) in the hypotensive activity of this peptide. Here, we show either by deleting the Phe residue (K16P) or by substituting it by an Ala (K17A), that it plays a crucial role in apelin receptor internalization but not in apelin binding or in Gα(i)-protein coupling. Then we built a homology three-dimensional model of the human apelin receptor using the cholecystokinin receptor-1 model as a template, and we subsequently docked K17F into the binding site. We visualized a hydrophobic cavity at the bottom of the binding pocket in which the C-terminal Phe of K17F was embedded by Trp(152) in TMIV and Trp(259) and Phe(255) in TMVI. Using molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies, we further showed that Phe(255) and Trp(259) are key residues in triggering receptor internalization without playing a role in apelin binding or in Gα(i)-protein coupling. These findings bring new insights into apelin receptor activation and show that Phe(255) and Trp(259), by interacting with the C-terminal Phe of the pyroglutamyl form of apelin 13 (pE13F) or K17F, are crucial for apelin receptor internalization.
Functional properties of lymphocyte subpopulations in hepatitis B virus infection. II. Cytotoxic effector cell killing of targets that naturally express hepatitis B surface antigen and liver-specific lipoprotein. (1981)

Cytotoxic effector cell responsiveness to host and/or virus-determined hepatocyte surface membrane antigens has been postulated as an important pathogenetic determinant of hepatocellular injury in hepatitis B virus infection. Assuming that such effector cell populations would be detectable in peripheral blood, the present study was designed to examine 2 questions: first, whether target cells that normally express liver-specific protein (LSP) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are selectively destroyed by peripheral blood effector cells from patients with viral hepatitis; second, whether cytotoxic effector cell function emerges coincident with the development of defective suppressor cell activity in the same patients. No evidence of increased HBsAg or LSP specific cytotoxic effector cell activity was found in the peripheral blood natural killer (NK) or T killer cell populations of patients with acute or chronic viral hepatitis.
Prediction of IBD based on population history for fine gene mapping (2006)

A novel multiple regression method (RM) is developed to predict identity-by-descent probabilities at a locus L (IBD L ), among individuals without pedigree, given information on surrounding markers and population history. These IBD L probabilities are a function of the increase in linkage disequilibrium (LD) generated by drift in a homogeneous population over generations. Three parameters are sufficient to describe population history: effective population size (Ne), number of generations since foundation (T), and marker allele frequencies among founders (p). IBD L are used in a simulation study to map a quantitative trait locus (QTL) via variance component estimation. RM is compared to a coalescent method (CM) in terms of power and robustness of QTL detection. Differences between RM and CM are small but significant. For example, RM is more powerful than CM in dioecious populations, but not in monoecious populations. Moreover, RM is more robust than CM when marker phases are unknown or when there is complete LD among founders or Ne is wrong, and less robust when p is wrong. CM utilises all marker haplotype information, whereas RM utilises information contained in each individual marker and all possible marker pairs but not in higher order interactions. RM consists of a family of models encompassing four different population structures, and two ways of using marker information, which contrasts with the single model that must cater for all possible evolutionary scenarios in CM.
Trends in the Management of Dairy Farms Since 1956 (1981)

Management of a dairy farm involves making decisions related to all phases of the operation consistent with the resources available and the operator's objectives. The changes in United States dairy farming since 1956 are examined. Discussion is grouped by land and buildings, labor, capital, and management techniques. Constraints imposed by legislation are discussed. Trends noted are likely to continue in the coming years.
Fish behavior and its use in the capture and culture of fishes (1980)

Fishery management, Behaviour, Food fish, Fish culture, Conferences
A Phase I Clinical Trial with Ex Vivo Expanded Recipient Regulatory T cells in Living Donor Kidney Transplants (2018)

There is considerable interest in therapeutic transfer of regulatory T cells (Tregs) for controlling aberrant immune responses. Initial clinical trials have shown the safety of Tregs in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and subjects with juvenile diabetes. Our hypothesis is that infusion(s) of Tregs may induce transplant tolerance thus avoiding long-term use of toxic immunosuppressive agents that cause increased morbidity/mortality. Towards testing our hypothesis, we conducted a phase I dose escalation safety trial infusing billions of ex vivo expanded recipient polyclonal Tregs into living donor kidney transplant recipients. Despite variability in recipient's renal disease, our expansion protocol produced Tregs which met all release criteria, expressing >98% CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> with <1% CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD19<sup>+</sup> contamination. Our product displayed >80% FOXP3 expression with stable demethylation in the FOXP3 promoter. Functionally, expanded Tregs potently suppressed allogeneic responses and induced the generation of new Tregs in the recipient's allo-responders in vitro. Within recipients, expanded Tregs amplified circulating Treg levels in a sustained manner. Clinically, all doses of Treg therapy tested were safe with no adverse infusion related side effects, infections or rejection events up to two years post-transplant. This study provides the necessary safety data to advance Treg cell therapy to phase II efficacy trials.
Transforming from flat algebra to nested algebra (2002)

Consider a database which at the conceptual level consists of a set of 1NF (flat) relations but which is physically stored in denormalized (prejoined) form. Denormalization reduces the number of joins required to compute a query. To reduce redundancy, each prejoined relation can be converted into a NF/sup 2/ (nested) relation by a series of nest operations. The authors consider the problem of converting from flat algebra to nested algebra. They provide a series of legal transformations that can be applied to a query Q/sub e/ on flat relations, to obtain an equivalent query Q/sub r/ on the nested relations. Several fundamental theorems are provided, allowing the selection conditions of the 1NF case to be applied directly to the NF/sup 2/ relations. This is done through changing the nesting structure internally, without unnesting, and through pushing the selection conditions down to the appropriate subrelations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sideromimic Modification of Lactivicin Dramatically Increases Potency against Extensively Drug-Resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Clinical Isolates (2016)

Acetamido derivatives of the naturally antibacterial non-β-lactam lactivicin (LTV) have improved activity against their penicillin binding protein targets and reduced hydrolysis by β-lactamases, but penetration into Gram-negative bacteria is still relatively poor. Here we report that modification of the LTV lactone with a catechol-type siderophore increases potency 1,000-fold against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a species renowned for its insusceptibility to antimicrobials. The MIC90 of modified lactone compound 17 (LTV17) against a global collection of extensively drug-resistant clinical S. maltophilia isolates was 0.063 μg · ml(-1) Sideromimic modification does not reduce the ability of LTVs to induce production of the L1 and L2 β-lactamases in S. maltophilia and does not reduce the rate at which LTVs are hydrolyzed by L1 or L2. We conclude, therefore, that lactivicin modification with a siderophore known to be preferentially used by S. maltophilia substantially increases penetration via siderophore uptake. LTV17 has the potential to be developed as a novel antimicrobial for treatment of infections by S. maltophilia More generally, our work shows that sideromimic modification in a species-targeted manner might prove useful for the development of narrow-spectrum antimicrobials that have reduced collateral effects.
Real-time social networking profile information semantization using pipes and FCA (2010)

This paper describes a convenient method of processing and contextualizing information extracted from social networking systems such as Myspace, Facebook or Hi5 users in real-time by using the Yahoo! Pipes feed mash-up service and formal concept analysis. Interests referring to media consumption (favorite movies, favorite music, favorite books or role models) declared by users can be expanded into machine-readable semantic information in conjunction with databases available on the World Wide Web (imdb.com, allmusic.com, amazon.com or wikipedia.org).
Simultaneous Formation of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and their End-Bonded Ohmic Contacts to Ti Electrodes for Future ULSI Interconnects (2004)

We have succeeded in growing multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with low-resistance ohmic contacts to titanium electrodes by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HF-CVD) using a nickel catalyst layer on a titanium electrode. The contact resistance of the sample with nickel/titanium electrodes was two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the sample with nickel catalyst electrodes without titanium. We assumed that the low-resistance ohmic contact was achieved by forming titanium carbide (TiC) during the growth at the MWNT/titanium electrode interface. Moreover, we have demonstrated the growth of vertically aligned bundles of MWNTs, which were end-bonded to the lower titanium electrodes, selectively in via holes. We believe this is the first report of such simultaneous formation of MWNTs and their end-bonded low-resistance ohmic contacts, and its first trial application to carbon nanotube (CNT) vias for future ULSI interconnects.
Protein Synthesis Is a Novel Determinant of Aging in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2007)

Protein synthesis is a tightly regulated cellular process that affects growth, reproduction, and survival in response to both intrinsic and extrinsic cues, such as nutrient availability and energy levels. A pronounced, age-related decline of the total protein synthesis rate has been observed in many organisms, including humans. The molecular mechanisms underlying this decline and their role in the aging process remain unclear. A series of recent studies in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, have revealed a novel link between protein synthesis and aging. Remarkably, these research findings, in their totality, converge to indicate that reduction of mRNA translation prolongs life in worms. Signal transduction cascades implicated in aging, such as the insulin/insulin growth factor-1 pathway, interface with mechanisms regulating protein synthesis via a battery of key mRNA translation factors. Are the effects of these pathways on aging mediated, in part, by alterations in protein synthesis? This is an intriguing possibility in light of the latest discoveries. Whether attenuation of protein synthesis promotes longevity across different phyla is an additional important matter. Here, we survey work associating protein synthesis with aging and discuss the basis of life-span extension under conditions that attenuate protein synthesis.
Complex coordinate system as a generalized absorbing boundary condition (2002)

We have demonstrated that the perfectly matched layer (PML) in Cartesian coordinates is equivalent to solving the wave equation or Maxwell's equations in a complex coordinate system. Therefore, closed form solutions that exist in the real coordinate system map to solutions in the complex coordinate system. In the complex coordinate system, the boundaries exist in a complex space, providing absorbing boundary conditions. Hence, this transformation provides a new view of PML in the Cartesian coordinates, clearly showing that a mapping to a complex coordinate system does not induce reflections, explaining why PML works near the corner of a simulation region, and when a dielectric interface, or a metallic surface, extends to the edge of a simulation region.
Battery Technology Life Verification Testing and Analysis (2007)

This is a preprint of a paper intended for publication in a journal or proceedings. Since changes may be made before publication, this preprint should not be cited or reproduced without permission of the author. This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, or any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party’s use, or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use by such third party would not infringe privately owned rights. The views expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the United States Government or the sponsoring agency.
Tau phosphorylation induced by severe closed head traumatic brain injury is linked to the cellular prion protein (2017)

Studies in vivo and in vitro have suggested that the mechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathogenesis is initiated by an interaction between the cellular prion protein (PrP<sup>C</sup>) and amyloid-β oligomers (Aβo). This PrP<sup>C</sup>-Aβo complex activates Fyn kinase which, in turn, hyperphosphorylates tau (P-Tau) resulting in synaptic dysfunction, neuronal loss and cognitive deficits. AD transgenic mice lacking PrP<sup>C</sup> accumulate Aβ, but show normal survival and no loss of spatial learning and memory suggesting that PrP<sup>C</sup> functions downstream of Aβo production but upstream of intracellular toxicity within neurons. Since AD and traumatic brain injury (TBI)-linked chronic traumatic encephalopathy are tauopathies, we examined whether similar mechanistic pathways are responsible for both AD and TBI pathophysiologies. Using transgenic mice expressing different levels of PrP<sup>C</sup>, our studies investigated the influence and necessity of PrP<sup>C</sup> on biomarker (total-tau [T-Tau], P-Tau, GFAP) levels in brain and blood as measured biochemically following severe TBI in the form of severe closed head injury (sCHI). We found that following sCHI, increasing levels of T-Tau and P-Tau in the brain were associated with the PrP<sup>C</sup> expression levels. A similar relationship between PrP<sup>C</sup> expression and P-Tau levels following sCHI were found in blood in the absence of significant T-Tau changes. This effect was not seen with GFAP which increased within 24 h following sCHI and progressively decreased by the 7 day time point regardless of the PrP<sup>C</sup> expression levels. Changes in the levels of all biomarkers were independent of gender. We further enhanced and expanded the quantitation of brain biomarkers with correlative studies using immunohisochemistry. We also demonstrate that a TBI-induced calpain hyperactivation is not required for the generation of P-Tau. A relationship was demonstrated between the presence/absence of PrP<sup>C</sup>, the levels of P-Tau and cognitive dysfunction. Our studies suggest that PrP<sup>C</sup> is important in mediating TBI related pathology.
The Synthesis of 16α-Chloro Corticoids<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of 16α-Chloro Corticoids1Fred Kagan, Robert D. Birkenmeyer, and Barney J. MagerleinCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1964, 7, 6, 751–754Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00336a016Request reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (500 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Block Coding Used in OFDM System to Reduce the PAPR (2006)

This paper first introduces some efficient technologies to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio in OFDM system, and then gives the basic concepts of block code, which could reduce the PAP ratio by mapping the maximal peak power codes to average power codes. The paper gives the block chart of the system and the simulated result of the block codes
Analysing Malicious Code: : Dynamic Techniques (2007)

This report starts out discussing a framework for building an API monitoring system. In such a system, malicious code can be run, and its actions can be taken notice of. I look into different analysis tools for stuctural analysis, and API monitoring tools. I will also discuss dynamic analysis using a debugger, and anti-debugging techniques used by modern malware. When using a debugger, API hooking can be implemented using brakepoints as well. In any case, we will need an isolated environment. The best candidate for this is virtual machines. I will look at different ways of controlling a virtual guest from a host system. On VMware, we can use both normal networking interfaces, and a backdoor, which is really an i/o port. I will also look into techniques for detecting virtual machines, and some counter-techniques. Packing mechanisms and ways to undo them is central to malware analysis. In this paper I have unpacked and analysed several samples of the Storm Bot, which is packed using UPX. Additionally, the APIs used by Storm has been determined. Dynamic analysis can be based on API usage. Scripting VMware is a central part of the last chapter. I will demonstrate several ways of doing this. It seems this can be a good foundation for building automated analysis solutions. I will also discuss the PaiMei framework which integrates the most useful analysis tools, and can work as a framework for building programs that automate the process of malware analysis. A report on malware analysis would not be complete without viral code. Cermalus is a recently released virus, which assembly source code has been included in the appendix. The source is well commented, and clearly states what the different routines are used for. You will find many of the terms used in these comments explained throughout this report.