gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A monolithic 8 pJ/2 GHz logic family (1975)

Discusses a monolithic logic family developed for high-speed communication systems usage. The logic family affords 8 pJ speed-power product, 2 GHz toggle frequency and 400 ps/gate propagation delay time in 50/spl Omega/ transmission systems. The primary factor for realizing the high-speed, low-power operation is new circuit configuration: modified nonthreshold logic (NTL). Transistors in this circuit are made to operate almost in the active region which increases switching speed. In addition, a novel master slave flip-flop configuration is designed to operate with propagation delay nearly equal to that of gate. The device was fabricated by using junction isolated transistors with an emitter stripe width of 2 /spl mu/ and cutoff frequency of 4 GHz. This paper describes the circuit design and performance of developed logic family.
SAR image denoising via Bayesian wavelet shrinkage based on heavy-tailed modeling (2003)

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are inherently affected by multiplicative speckle noise, which is due to the coherent nature of the scattering phenomenon. This paper proposes a novel Bayesian-based algorithm within the framework of wavelet analysis, which reduces speckle in SAR images while preserving the structural features and textural information of the scene. First, we show that the subband decompositions of logarithmically transformed SAR images are accurately modeled by alpha-stable distributions, a family of heavy-tailed densities. Consequently, we exploit this a priori information by designing a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator. We use the alpha-stable model to develop a blind speckle-suppression processor that performs a nonlinear operation on the data and we relate this nonlinearity to the degree of non-Gaussianity of the data. Finally, we compare our proposed method to current state-of-the-art soft thresholding techniques applied on real SAR imagery and we quantify the achieved performance improvement.
How to reduce the likelihood of coronavirus-19 (CoV-19 or SARS-CoV-2) infection and lung inflammation mediated by IL-1. (2020)

SARS-CoV-2, also referred to as CoV-19, is an RNA virus which can cause severe acute respiratory diseases (COVID-19), with serious infection of the lower respiratory tract followed by bronchitis, pneumonia and fibrosis. The severity of the disease depends on the efficiency of the immune system which, if it is weak, cannot stem the infection and its symptoms. The new CoV-19 spreads in the population at a rate of 0.8-3% more than normal flu and mostly affects men, since immune genes are more expressed on the X chromosome. If CoV-19 would spread with a higher incidence rate (over 10%), and affect the people who live in closed communities such as islands, it would cause many more deaths. Moreover, people from the poorest classes are most at risk because of lack of health care and should be given more assistance by the competent authorities. To avoid the aggravation of CoV-19 infection, and the collapse of the health system, individuals should remain at home in quarantine for a period of approximately one month in order to limit viral transmission. In the case of a pandemic, the severe shortage of respirators and protective clothing, due to the enormous demand and insufficient production, could lead the CoV-19 to kill a large number of individuals. At present, there is no drug capable of treating CoV-19 flu, the only therapeutic remedies are those aimed at the side effects caused by the virus, such as inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, recognized as the first causes of death. One of the COVID-19 treatments involves inhaling a mixture of gaseous hydrogen and oxygen, obtaining better results than with oxygen alone. It was also noted that individuals vaccinated for viral and/or bacterial infectious diseases were less likely to become infected. In addition, germicidal UV radiation "breaks down" the oxygen O2 which then aggregate into O3 (ozone) molecules creating the ozone layer, capable of inhibiting viral replication and improving lung respiration. All these precautions should be taken into consideration to lower the risk of infection by CoV-19. New anti-viral therapies with new drugs should also be taken into consideration. For example, microbes are known to bind TLR, inducing IL-1, a pleiotropic cytokine, highly inflammatory, mediator of fever and fibrosis. Therefore, drugs that suppress IL-1 or IL-1R, also used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are to be taken into consideration to treat COVID-19. We strongly believe that all these devices described above can lead to greater survival and. therefore, reduction in mortality in patients infected with CoV-19.
LaTiOxNy thin films, Measurements and Applications to Microwave device (2008)

International audience
Interactive scene manipulation in the Virtue3D system (2002)

Web 3D viewers are typically based on hierarchical scene graphs. In applications where users are allowed to make significant changes to the arrangement of objects, thereby changing the scene graph, those parts of the graph which model the independent objects may need to be restructured in order to represent the transient relationships between the objects.We present the Virtue3D System version 2.0, an application for viewing and manipulating 3D scenes. The Virtue3D Player API and the associated VRL scene representation depend on scene hierarchies for defining models, but, unlike a typical scene graph, they rely on a mechanism of an "Assembly" and "Parts" at the level of the entire scene. This supports dynamic "attachments" between objects that more closely simulate real-world interaction and allow useful modeling and manipulation functions. The Virtue3D System is also designed to provide an efficient interface for applying collision constraints and other types of motion constraints. This is supported by defining "collision groups" and constraints at the level of the Parts in the Assembly.
Some considerations of methodology and standardization of apolipoprotein A-I immunoassays. (1983)

Abstract Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) is the major protein of high-density lipoprotein. Compelling evidence suggests that measurement of concentrations of apo A-I in serum may be useful in predicting and assessing ischemic heart disease. The following review of methods of isolation, characterization, and assay of apo A-I has been developed to assess the possibility of standardizing apo A-I immunoassays. We consider the properties of apo A-I that have an effect on its quantification, such as self-association, polymorphism, and stability characteristics. We attempt to review critically the various methods presented, but more information about the physicochemical properties of the protein is required before definitive recommendations can be made.
Quorum sensing by 2-alkyl-4-quinolones in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and other bacterial species (2008)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces the cell-to-cell signal molecule 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone (The Pseudomonas quinolone signal; PQS), which is integrated within a complicated quorum sensing signaling system. PQS belongs to the family of 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs), which have been previously described for their antimicrobial activities. PQS is synthesized via the pqsABCDE operon which is responsible for generating multiple AQs including 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ), the immediate PQS precursor. In addition, PQS signaling plays an important role in P. aeruginosa pathogenesis because it regulates the production of diverse virulence factors including elastase, pyocyanin and LecA lectin in addition to affecting biofilm formation. Here, we summarize the most recent findings on the biosynthesis and regulation of PQS and other AQs including the discovery of AQs in other bacterial species.
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus E (HERV-E) Family in Human Tissues and Human Cancers (2007)

The human genome is estimated to contain up to 50 copies of full-length and truncated members of HERV-E family. They are thought to be involved in human gene transcription. Here we examine the expression pattern and phylogenetic relationships of the HERV-E in diverse human tissues and cancer cells using RT-PCR amplification and bioinformatic tools. The env gene was expressed in many human tissues (brain, prostate, testis, kidney, placenta, spleen, thymus and uterus) but not in heart, liver, lung and skeletal muscle, importantly, HERV-E expression was detected in all cancer cell lines examined (RT4, PFSK-1, BT-474, HCT-116, TE-1, UO-31, Jurkat, HepG2, A549, MCF7, OVCAR-3, MIA-PaCa-2, PC3, LOX-IMVI, AZ521, 2F7, U-937 and C-33A), suggesting that HERV-E family are expressed corresponding to the transcriptional program of human tissues and human cancer cells. Phylogenetic analysis of HERV-E env family from human tissues, cancer cells and our previous data identify two groups (I and II) through evolutionary divergence. Taken together, HERV-E family expression in human tissues and human cancer cells exhibited close relationships of the env gene sequences across human chromosomes. These active HERV-E elements deserve further investigation as potential pathogenic factors in human diseases such as cancers.
Analysis of the Nordel power grid disturbance of January 1, 1997 using trajectory sensitivities (1999)

This paper uses trajectory sensitivity analysis to investigate a major disturbance of the Nordel power system which occurred on January 1, 1997. The Nordel system is described, and the details of the disturbance are presented. Background to trajectory sensitivity analysis is also provided. Results of the investigation indicate the usefulness of trajectory sensitivities for exploring the influence of various system parameters on the large disturbance behaviour of the system. The trajectory sensitivities provide a way of judging the relative importance of various factors which affected behaviour.
A Flash Translation Layer for nand Flash-Based Multimedia Storage Devices (2011)

NAND flash memory-based storage devices are becoming an attractive storage solution for multimedia storage servers because they afford several advantages including fast read access speed and low power consumption. Multimedia storage devices differ significantly from traditional storage devices in that the user files are accessed in a sequential read manner while metadata are updated frequently. In this paper, we propose a new flash translation layer (FTL) scheme called filtering FTL (FFTL) for nand flash-based multimedia storage devices. The main idea of the FFTL scheme is to filter update requests for metadata and manage them separately from requests for user data. Our experimental results show that the proposed FFTL scheme outperforms existing FTL schemes by dramatically reducing the garbage collection overhead.
Restoration of Cardiac Function with Progenitor Cells (2006)

The biological limitations to cardiac regenerative growth create a clinical need to promote more efficient cardiac repair. Experimental studies and early-phase clinical trials indicate that progenitor cells may be useful as a therapeutic tool to improve heart function after myocardial ischaemia. This paper will summarize experimental studies to determine (1) the mechanisms underlying progenitor cell homing to ischaemic tissue and (2) to define transcription factors involved in endothelial maturation of progenitor cells. Homing seems to be assisted by a proteolytic enzyme, cathepsin L, which degrades the extracellular matrix. In an in vitro assay, a cathepsin inhibitor prevented different progenitor cell populations from passing through a matrigel layer. In vivo, progenitor cells lacking cathepsin L had an impaired capacity to promote neovascularization in ischaemic mouse limbs compared with normal, wild-type cells. Differentiation of progenitor cells towards the endothelial phenotype involves a member of the homeobox gene family, HoxA9. HoxA9 regulates endothelial gene expression (eNOS, KDR, VE-cadherin). Moreover, HoxA9-deficient mice have a severe impairment of neovascularization capacity after ischaemia. In the second part of the paper, we describe clinical studies using bone marrow or the peripheral blood-derived cells for functional recovery of patients with acute and chronic heart failure (TOPCARE-AMI, TOPCARE-CHF). Whereas blood-derived and bone marrow-derived progenitor cells were equally effective in patients with acute myocardial infarction, bone marrow-derived cells were significantly better than blood-derived progenitor cells in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Overview and Issues (2008)

This report discusses the overview and issues of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Agency.
Universal electro-optical hybrid logic gates (2008)

An Electro-Optical Hybrid Logic Gate is defined as a circuit which accepts\neither electrical or optical signals and produces both electrical and optical signals. This\npaper explores the feasibility to develop universal hybrid NOR and NAND gates which\ncan be used for implementing any basic gate like AND, OR, or any complex logic\nfunction. These hybrid logic gates are proposed and implemented using phototransistors\nand LEDs. The logic circuits are found to be working satisfactorily for the defined logic\nlevels.
Molecular beam epitaxial growth and optical properties of red-emitting (λ = 650 nm) InGaN/GaN disks-in-nanowires on silicon (2013)

We have investigated the radiative properties of InGaN disks in GaN nanowires grown by plasma enhanced molecular beam epitaxy on (001) silicon substrates. The growth of the nanowire heterostructures has been optimized to maximize the radiative efficiency, or internal quantum efficiency (IQE), for photoluminescence emission at λ = 650 nm. It is found that the IQE increases significantly (by ∼10%) to 52%, when post-growth passivation of nanowire surface with silicon nitride or parylene is applied. The increase in efficiency is supported by radiative- and nonradiative lifetimes derived from data obtained from temperature dependent- and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. Light emitting diodes with p-i-n disk-in-nanowire heterostructures passivated with parylene have been fabricated and characterized.
Shape recovery methods for visual inspection (2003)

The advancement of three-dimensional machine vision is closely related to the development of robust and efficient shape recovery methods. The author addresses the recovery problem associated with three different classes of surfaces: (a) specular surfaces; (b) surfaces with varying reflectance; and (c) rough and textured surfaces. Three realtime machine vision systems have been developed based on these results. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods and systems are applicable to a variety of visual inspection problems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Enterotoxin B on Human Volunteers (1969)

A dosage of 20 to 25 mug of pure enterotoxin B can produce clinical manifestations of enterotoxemia in man, who seems to be more sensitive than monkey.
Evaluating and Monitoring Sedation, Arousal, and Agitation in the ICU (2013)

Optimal management of patient comfort and sedative drug therapy for intensive care unit (ICU) patients includes establishing a goal of therapy-often defined by a desired level of consciousness, with titration of medications to achieve this target. An assessment of the level of consciousness is best performed using a simple tool, such as a sedation scale that relies on observation of the patient to assign a level of conscious that ranges from alert to unarousable. Many sedation scales incorporate observation of the patient's response to stimulation, which typically escalates from simply calling the patient's name to physical stimulation. Many such tools also incorporate an assessment of the presence and intensity of agitated behavior. Implementation of sedation scales has been associated with improved outcomes, and the frequent assessment of level of consciousness using a sedation scale is strongly recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Further, selection of a sedation scale that has been demonstrated to be valid and reliable in your patient population is endorsed. Objective measures of consciousness, such as devices that use processed electroencephalography, are less well established for routine ICU management and are recommended only for selected situations.
Study of the Degradation of an Epoxy/Amine Resin, 2 (2005)

Abstract Summary: The degradation behaviour of a flexible epoxy/amine resin has been studied. The resin, made of DGEBA and polyether diamine (Jeffamine® D2000) has been submitted to photooxidation, photolysis (in absence of oxygen) and thermooxidation experiments. The nature and the mechanism of formation of the products have been previously reported in the first paper of this series. In this paper, the rate of formation of the degradation products and their distribution within the sample are discussed. The change in the rate of degradation observed after 30 h of irradiation in artificial ageing at λ > 300 nm in the presence of oxygen, measured by ATR‐FTIR and UV‐Vis spectrometries, is explained by a large attenuation of light intensity by the chromophoric photoproducts formed. The photooxidation profiles measured by micro‐FTIR showed a heterogeneous distribution of the photoproducts in the first 250 μm of the exposed surface. The formation of these photoproducts is associated to chain scission reactions. This was clearly evidenced by the decrease of stiffness measured by AFM nanoindentations in the same first 250 μm. Stiffness profiles measured by AFM nanoindentation of a photooxidised epoxy/amine sample. magnified image Stiffness profiles measured by AFM nanoindentation of a photooxidised epoxy/amine sample.
Physiologic Dimensions of the Periodontium Significant to the Restorative Dentist (1979)

Illustration shows a squid labeled "Special Privilege" with tentacles labeled "Railroad Greed, Grafting Public Utilities, Venal Press, Graft Tariff, Predatory Trusts, Bribed Legislatures, Stock Juggling, [and] Public Land Thieves". The squid has clouded the water with a large ink cloud labeled "Teddy Did It, Don't Hurt Business, Don't Destroy Confidence, [and] Don't Alarm Capital". In the lower right are two seahorses labeled "You" and "Me". Caption: When attacked, it clouds the issue by discharging an inky fluid.
USA300 and USA500 Clonal Lineages of Staphylococcus aureus Do Not Produce a Capsular Polysaccharide Due to Conserved Mutations in the <i>cap5</i> Locus (2015)

The USA300 MRSA clone emerged as a community-associated pathogen in the United States nearly 20 years ago. Since then, it has rapidly disseminated and now causes health care-associated infections. This study shows that the CP-negative (CP(-)) phenotype has persisted among USA300 isolates and is a universal and characteristic trait of this highly successful MRSA lineage. It is important to note that a vaccine consisting solely of CP antigens would not likely demonstrate high efficacy in the U.S. population, where about half of MRSA isolates comprise USA300. Moreover, conversion of a USA300 strain to a CP-positive (CP(+)) phenotype is unlikely in vivo or in vitro since it would require the reversion of 3 mutations. We have also established that USA300 MSSA isolates and USA500 isolates are CP(-) and provide new insight into the evolution of the USA300 and USA500 lineages.
Epoxidation of alkenes with trichloroacetonitrile/hydrogen peroxide in a neutral biphasic solvent system (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEpoxidation of alkenes with trichloroacetonitrile/hydrogen peroxide in a neutral biphasic solvent systemLuis A. Arias, Stevie Adkins, Christopher J. Nagel, and Robert D. BachCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 6, 888–890Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00154a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views905Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (451 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Stimulation of erythroid colony formation in vitro by erythropoietin immobilized on agarose-bound lectins. (1981)

WGA and the PHA-E covalently linked to beaded agarose were employed to prepare an immobilized form of Ep. Agarose-PHA-E-Ep complexes induced the formation of sheep and human erythroid colonies in plasma clot and methylcellulose cultures without detectable leaching of Ep. Approximately 85% to 95% of the colonies formed were attached or juxtaposed to the agarose beads. The dose-response curve of the agarose-PHA-E-Ep complexes for erythroid colony formation was similar to that of unbound Ep, and after removal of cells adherent to the beads, the immobilized Ep could be reused. Attachment of erythroid colonies to agarose-lectin-Ep complexes was due to lectin-cell surface interactions. These results support the concept that Ep acts at the surface of its target cells.
Early Experience With CliniMACS Prodigy CCS (IFN-gamma) System in Selection of Virus-specific T Cells From Third-party Donors for Pediatric Patients With Severe Viral Infections After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2017)

Viral reactivation is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation especially in children. For refractory cases, rapid virus-specific T-cell therapy would be ideally implemented within a few days. Over the course of a year in our pediatric cohort of 43 allogeneic transplantation, 9 patients fulfilled criteria for virus-specific T-cell therapy. Viral infections were due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in 3, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 2, and adenovirus (AdV) in 1 case, whereas >1 virus was detected in 3 cases. Viral diseases necessitating a T-cell therapy were CMV pneumonitis and colitis, AdV enteritis and cystitis, and EBV-induced posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease. Cells were produced by the CliniMACS Prodigy CCS (IFN-gamma) System within 24 hours after mononuclear leukapheresis. Eight patients became completely asymptomatic, whereas 7 also cleared the virus. Six patients are alive without viral illness or sequelae demonstrating viral DNA clearance in peripheral blood with a median follow-up of 535 (350-786) days. One patient with CMV pneumonitis died of respiratory insufficiency. In 2 cases the viral illness improved or cleared, however, the patients died of invasive aspergillosis. No cases of graft-versus-host disease, rejection, organ toxicity, or recurrent infection were noticed. Virus-specific T-cell therapy implemented by the CliniMACS Prodigy CCS (IFN-gamma) System is an automated, fast, safe, and probably effective way to control resistant viral diseases after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.