gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anterior cruciate ligament allograft transplantation (1986)

In recent years much effort has been devoted to finding a satisfactory replacement for the injured ACL. None of the reconstruction techniques used in the past can be considered ideal because of their inability to duplicate the complex geometry, structure, and function of the ligament. Current advances in allograft transplantation and cryopreservation have led us to design and implement an experimental model for testing the feasibility of cryopreserved ACL allotransplantation. Groups of dogs were used to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on ligament strength and to compare the relative performance of both autograft and allograft ACL transplants up to 18 months after implantation. The ligaments were examined mechanically, histologically, and microangiographically. The cryopreservation process and duration of storage had no effect on the biomechanical or structural properties of the ligament. The mechanical integrity of the allografts was similar to that of the autografts, with both achieving nearly 90% of control ligament strength by 36 weeks. Revascularization approached normal by 24 weeks in both autograft and allograft. No evidence of structural degradation or immunological reaction was seen. Based on these results, we believe that a cryopreserved ACL allograft can provide the ideal material for ACL reconstruction. We have outlined a surgical technique for harvesting and implanting this graft clinically.
Responding to Market Failures in Tuberculosis Control (2001)

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A Proportional Piezoelectric Electro-Fluidic Pneumatic Value Design (1981)

The development of a proportional electro-fluidic pneumatic valve is presented. The first stage of the valve consists of a piezoelectric bender element of bimorph construction centered between two nozzles. The bimorph is deformed by an electrical input signal. This, in turn, causes a change in pressure at the output of the nozzles, which will then be amplified to a usable level using cascaded laminar proportional amplifiers. A mathematical model of the valve’s behavior is discussed and verified with experimental measurements.
Multiple access protocols for data communications via VSAT networks (1987)

Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ece_articles Published in Wolejsza, C. J., Taylor, D., Grossman, M., & Osborne, W. P. (1987). Multiple access protocols for data communications via VSAT networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 25(7), 30-39. ©1987 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/ republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.
Haptoglobin Phenotypes in Diabetes mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy (1991)

An analysis of haptoglobin (HP) phenotypes in 81 cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) without retinopathy and 122 cases with diabetic retinopathy (DR) were studied in relation to 180 normal and healthy controls matched for age and sex. A significant decrease in HP 2-1 frequency was found, suggesting protection for heterozygotes in both DM and DR (with a relative risk of about 0.31). As an acute-phase reactant HP may be functionally involved in the etiology of DM and DR, which are associated with immunologic and inflammatory processes, respectively. No significant differences were found with respect to sex, age at onset, duration of DR, types of DM and DR, and family history.
Protein E of<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>Is a Ubiquitous Highly Conserved Adhesin (2009)

Protein E (PE) of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is involved in adhesion and activation of epithelial cells. A total of 186 clinical NTHi isolates, encapsulated H. influenzae, and culture collection strains were analyzed. PE was highly conserved in both NTHi and encapsulated H. influenzae (96.9%-100% identity without the signal peptide). PE also existed in other members of the genus Pasteurellaceae. The epithelial cell binding region (amino acids 84-108) was completely conserved. Phylogenetic analysis of the pe sequence separated Haemophilus species into 2 separate clusters. Importantly, PE was expressed in 98.4% of all NTHi (126 isolates) independently of the growth phase.
Systematic review of topical vasoconstrictors in endoscopic sinus surgery (2011)

In sinus or nasal surgery, topical vasoconstrictors should be used in a manner that minimizes the risk of cardiovascular morbidity.
Surface plasmon interferometry in the visible (1988)

Plasmon surface polaritons that are launched at an index step from a Ag/dielectric coating/air to a Ag/air interface interfere with the evanescent waves of the driving photon field. The resulting intensity distribution on the Ag surface can be imaged by the recently developed surface plasmon microscopy. We show that it is thus possible to derive the real part as well as the imaginary part of the complex surface plasmon wave vector.
<i>Case Studies in Superconducting Magnets: Design and Operational Issues</i> (1995)

SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET TECHNOLOGY.- ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS.- MAGNETS, FIELDS, AND FORCES.- CRYOGENICS.- MAGNETIZATION.- STABILITY.- AC AND OTHER LOSSES.- PROTECTION.- SOLENOID EXAMPLES, HTS MAGNETS & CONCLUDING REMARKS.
Structural health monitoring of inflatable structures for MMOD impacts (2017)

Inflatable structures for space habitat are highly prone to damage caused by micrometeoroid and orbital debris impacts. Although the structures are effectively shielded against these impacts through multiple layers of impact resistant materials, there is a necessity for a health monitoring system to monitor the structural integrity and damage state within the structures. Assessment of damage is critical for the safety of personnel in the space habitat, as well as predicting the repair needs and the remaining useful life of the habitat. In this paper, we propose a unique impact detection and health monitoring system based on hybrid nanocomposite sensors. The sensors are composed of two fillers, carbon nanotubes and coarse graphene platelets with an epoxy matrix material. The electrical conductivity of these flexible nanocomposite sensors is highly sensitive to strains as well as presence of any holes and damage in the structure. The sensitivity of the sensors to the presence of 3mm holes due to an event of impact is evaluated using four point probe electrical resistivity measurements. An array of these sensors when sandwiched between soft good layers in a space habitat can act as a damage detection layer for inflatable structures. An algorithm is developed to determine the event of impact, its severity and location on the sensing layer for active health monitoring.
Mobility-Based Clustering in VANETs Using Affinity Propagation (2009)

The recent research in cluster-based MAC and routing schemes for Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) motivates the necessity for a stable VANET clustering algorithm. Due to the highly mobile nature of VANETs, mobility must play an integral role in cluster formation. We present a novel, mobility-based clustering scheme for Vehicle Ad hoc Networks, which utilizes the Affinity Propagation algorithm in a distributed manner. The proposed algorithm considers typical vehicular mobility during cluster formation, which produces clusters with high stability. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the proposed algorithm, when compared to other accepted mobility-based clustering techniques. Clustering performance is measured in terms of average cluster head duration, average cluster member duration, average rate of cluster head change, and average number of clusters.
Peptides of 2-aminopimelic acid: antibacterial agents that inhibit diaminopimelic acid biosynthesis (1986)

Succinyl-CoA:tetrahydrodipicolinate-N-succinyltransferase is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of diaminopimelic acid (DAP), a component of the cell wall peptidoglycan of nearly all bacteria. This enzyme converts the cyclic precursor tetrahydrodipicolinic acid (THDPA) to a succinylated acyclic product. L-2-Aminopimelic acid (L-1), an acyclic analogue of THDPA, was found to be a good substrate for this enzyme and was shown to cause a buildup of THDPA in a cell-free enzyme system but was devoid of antibacterial activity. Incorporation of 1 into a di- or tripeptide yielded derivatives that exhibited antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-negative organisms. Of the five peptide derivatives tested, (L-2-aminopimelyl)-L-alanine (6) was the most potent. These peptides were shown to inhibit DAP production in intact resting cells. High levels (30 mM) of 2-aminopimelic acid were achieved in the cytoplasm of bacteria as a result of efficient uptake of the peptide derivatives through specific peptide transport systems followed, presumably, by cleavage by intracellular peptidases. Finally, the antibacterial activity of these peptides could be reversed by DAP or a DAP-containing peptide. These results demonstrate that the peptides containing L-2-aminopimelic acid exert their antibacterial action by inhibition of diaminopimelic acid biosynthesis.
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) Stimulated by Fat Ingestion in Man (1975)

Ten normal volunteers ingested emulsified corn oil and the immunoreactive GIP, insulin (IRI) and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) responses were measured. Serum GIP levels increased after the ingestion of corn oil in all subjects, rising from a mean fasting level of 272 pg/ml to 856 +/- 272 pg/ml (P less than 0.05) by 30 minutes. The peak mean serum GIP concentration of 1,345 +/- 291 pg/ml occurred at 60 minutes; and mean serum GIP levels at 180 minutes remained significantly elevated over fasting values. Serum IRI, glucose and NEFA concentrations did not change during the 180 minutes of study. No changes in serum GIP concentrations occurred when, for control purposes, six volunteers ingested water on another day. We conclude: 1) Fat is a potent stimulus for the release of GIP in normal individuals. 2) Endogenously released GIP is not insulinotropic under the conditions of this study.
Exploiting Dynamic Workload Variation in Low Energy Preemptive Task Scheduling (2005)

A novel energy reduction strategy to maximally exploit the dynamic workload variation is proposed for the offline voltage scheduling of preemptive systems. The idea is to construct a fully preemptive schedule that leads to minimum energy consumption when the tasks take on approximately the average execution cycles yet still guarantees no deadline violation during the worst-case scenario. End-time for each sub-instance of the tasks obtained from the schedule is used for the on-line dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) of the tasks. For the tasks that normally require a small number of cycles but occasionally a large number of cycles to complete, such a schedule provides more opportunities for slack utilization and hence results in larger energy saving. The concept is realized by formulating the problem as a nonlinear programming (NLP) optimization problem. Experimental results show that, by using the proposed scheme, the total energy consumption at runtime is reduced by as much as 60% for randomly generated task sets when compared with the static scheduling approach only using worst case workload.
Distributed routing algorithms to manage power flow in agent-based active distribution network (2010)

The current transition from passive to active electric distribution networks comes with problems and challenges on bi-directional power flow in the network and the uncertainty in the forecast of power generation from grid-connected renewable and distributed energy sources. The power flow management would need to be distributed, flexible, and intelligent in order to cope with these challenges. Considering the optimal power flow (OPF) problem as a minimum cost flow represented with the graph, this paper applies a cost-scaling push-relabel algorithm in order to solve the OPF in a distributed agent environment. The algorithm's performance is compared with the successive shortest path algorithm developed in our previous work. The simulation is implemented for both meshed and radial networks. The simulation results show the advantages of the cost-scaling push-relabel algorithm over the shortest path algorithm in the radial networks with respect to significantly reduced number of exchanged messages on the agent platform, and thus the reduced time for calculation. This will be of great importance if the method is to be applied to a large system.
Frequency selective harmonic coding at 2400 bps (2002)

This paper describes a technique that reduces the number of parameters transmitted in Harmonic Coders. The technique is called Frequency Selective Harmonic Coding (FSHC), and exploits an auditory perception model to extract only a portion of the speech spectrum for quantization. The algorithm has been fully implemented in real-time hardware at the transmission rate of 2400 bps with an improved quality over existing 2400 bps vocoders.
Survey of lipids of a new group of extremely halophilic bacteria from salt ponds in Spain (1982)

The lipids of eight strains of a new group of extreme halophiles isolated from Spanish salt ponds have been studied in comparison with those of Halobacterium cutirubrum, H. halobium, H. salinarium, H. marismortui, H. saccharovorum, and H. vallismortis. All strains showed the presence of C 30 isoprenoids (squalene, dihydrosqualene, and tetrahydrosqualene), C 40 carotenes (β-carotene), C 50 pigments (bacterioruberins), and vitamin MK-8. All polar lipids were derivatives of 2,3-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol. Diphytanyl glycerol ether analogues of phosphatidyglycerol and phosphatidylglycerophosphate were also present in all the strains but sulfated glycolipids were found in only six strains: two had a sulfated tetraglycosyl diether, a sulfated triglycosyl diether, and possibly a sulfated diglycosyl diether, whereas the other four had only sulfated diglycosyl diether. All strains contained diglycosyl diphytanyl diether. Significantly large amounts of the diphytanyl glycerol ether analogue of phosphatidylglycerosulfate were present in four strains. Strain R-4 exhibited marked changes in contents of individual pigments, but not in total lipids, when grown in different salt concentrations. Thus, in 15% salt it produced 18- to 19-fold more bacterioruberin than when grown in 25 or 35% salt. Similar reductions in the amounts of other C 50 pigments and β-carotene were also observed. No significant changes in the contents of squalenes and vitamin MK-8 were observed. In contrast, H. cutirubrum produced C 50 pigments and β-carotene only when grown in salt concentrations greater than 15%. Possible ecological consequences of the changes in pigmentation with salt concentration are discussed.
Properties of the beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes revealed by molecular cloning. (1989)

The beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes are biochemically and functionally similar, because both receptors mediate the catecholamine-dependent activation of adenylate cyclase through the GTP-binding protein, Gs. Pharmacologically, the two receptors can be distinguished on the basis of their relative affinities for the agonists epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as their affinities for several selective antagonists. The primary structures of the human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors have recently been deduced from the cloning of their genes and (or) cDNAs, revealing high sequence homology and a membrane topography of seven putative transmembrane regions similar to that of rhodopsin. Chimeric beta 1/beta 2-adrenergic receptor cDNAs have been constructed by site-directed mutagenesis and the chimeric RNA transcripts expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The pharmacological properties of the expressed chimeric receptor proteins were assessed by radioligand binding utilizing subtype-selective agonists and antagonists. Apparently, several of the putative transmembrane regions contribute significantly to the determination of subtype selectivity, presumably by formation of a ligand-binding pocket, with determinants for agonist and antagonist binding being distinguishable.
r-MUSIC, a collaborative music DJ for ad hoc networks (2004)

We present r-MUSIC, client-server architecture for sharing music through a persistent resource in which the music data is not shared among users, but is streamed from personal digital music players to a stationary high fidelity speaker system. The client side of this system is installed on the personal digital music players. Users' music selections are transmitted through a wireless interface to the r-MUSIC server, which mediates a song title queue. Users call referenda on songs in the queue, and then vote on the popularity of songs, to mediate if and when they will be played. Our architecture includes a vote balancing mechanism that prevents users and their songs from becoming either too dominant or isolated. The power of this system is that an ad hoc group can share music without the need for a formal mediator. Mediation occurs entirely through collaboration.
Structure/function studies of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: Dimerization-defective mutant L289K (1993)

Virion-derived HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) has subunits of molecular mass 66 and 51 kDa (p66 and p51, respectively) in an approximately 1:1 ratio. Since enzyme activity appears to depend on dimerization of these subunits, identification of critical regions of primary sequence required for proper dimerization could lead to potential targets for antiviral therapy. A central region of primary sequence contains a leucine hepta-repeat motif from leucine 282 to leucine 310 that has been suggested to be involved in dimerization [Baillon, J. G., Nashed, N. T., Kumar, A., Wilson, S. H., & Jerina, D. M. (1991) New Biol. 3, 1015-1019]. A region including this hepta-repeat was recently shown to be involved in protein-protein interactions required for dimerization [Becerra, S. P., Kumar, A., Lewis, M. S., Widen, S. G., Abbotts, J., Karawya, E. M., Hughes, S. H., Shiloach, J., & Wilson, S. H. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 11708-11719]. To investigate the role of this repeat motif in dimerization, we performed site-directed mutagenesis of these leucine residues from position 282 to position 310. Mutations were introduced into p66 and p51 RT coding sequences, and the individually purified RT subunit polypeptides were compared with wild-type polypeptides for dimerization. Physical characterization of the purified mutant peptides was conducted by circular dichroism analysis. Binding between p66 and p51 was studied by gel filtration, ultracentrifugation, and CD analysis. L289K-p66 was unable to dimerize with itself and wild-type or L289K-p51. The leucine repeat motif in the p66 subunit appears to be critical in formation of the heterodimer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nafamostat Mesylate Blocks Activation of SARS-CoV-2: New Treatment Option for COVID-19 (2020)

Funder: \n Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung\n https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
Simple design of a soft-switching buck converter (2008)

In this paper, a simple method to design a soft-switching buck converter is presented, which contains one resonant MOSFET switch, one resonant inductor, one resonant capacitor, one diode. In such a circuit, the resonant MOSFET switch can be driven by one half-bridge driver, without the problem in float driving. Besides, the resonant inductor is not connected in series with the output input, and hence there is no problem in duty cycle loss. Also, the resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the parasitic capacitance of the MOSFET switch and hence there is a slight effect of such parasitic capacitance on the resonant behavior. Eventually, the detailed illustration of the basic operation of the proposed resonant circuit, together with some simulated and experimental results, is provided to demonstrate its effectiveness.
A Model for Multilevel Phase-Change Memories Incorporating Resistance Drift Effects (2014)

Phase change memories are emerging as a most promising technology for future nonvolatile, solid-state, electrical storage. However, to compete effectively in mainstream storage applications, a multilevel cell capability is most desirable. Unfortunately, phase-change memories exhibit a temporal drift in programmed resistance (and in threshold switching voltage) which appears to be a fundamental and universal property of the amorphous or partially amorphous phase. Phase-change device models should therefore include these drift effects in a realistic way so that circuit and systems designers can assess the likely performance of multilevel phase-change memories in a variety of potential applications. In this paper, therefore, we present a comprehensive SPICE-based model for phase-change devices that includes the capability for programming into multiple resistance levels, the prediction of the drift of cell resistance (and threshold voltage) with time, and the capability for modeling the randomness inherent to the resistance drift phenomenon. Simulations of multilevel programming and drift phenomena using the model are presented and compared to experimental results, with which there is very good agreement.
OmicCircos: A Simple-to-Use R Package for the Circular Visualization of Multidimensional Omics Data (2014)

Summary OmicCircos is an R software package used to generate high-quality circular plots for visualizing genomic variations, including mutation patterns, copy number variations (CNVs), expression patterns, and methylation patterns. Such variations can be displayed as scatterplot, line, or text-label figures. Relationships among genomic features in different chromosome positions can be represented in the forms of polygons or curves. Utilizing the statistical and graphic functions in an R/Bioconductor environment, OmicCircos performs statistical analyses and displays results using cluster, boxplot, histogram, and heatmap formats. In addition, OmicCircos offers a number of unique capabilities, including independent track drawing for easy modification and integration, zoom functions, link-polygons, and position-independent heatmaps supporting detailed visualization. Availability and Implementation OmicCircos is available through Bioconductor at http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/OmicCircos.html . An extensive vignette in the package describes installation, data formatting, and workflow procedures. The software is open source under the Artistic—2.0 license.
Relays in HSPA+: Power Control and Mobility (2011)

There is substantial and growing motivation to deploy wireless relays in 3G+ and 4G networks both in residential and commercial contexts to achieve significant coverage extension and capacity increases at potentially relatively low cost. However, relays operating in shared spectrum may introduce interference thus potentially counterbalancing gains, and conversely, relays requiring a dedicated resource (for access or backhaul) may raise issues of efficiency and load balancing including under or over use of either relay or macro (base station) resources. In this paper, we consider these issues and propose new power control and mobility algorithms to overcome these challenges. Results of our detailed system simulations are presented demonstrating how substantial gains in user experience, capacity, and coverage extension may be obtained in the context of HSPA+.