gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Role of Surface Materials and Three Dimensional Architecture on In Vitro Differentiation of Porcine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells (2016)

In vitro generation of dendritic-like cells through differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes is typically done using two-dimensional polystyrene culture plates. In the process of optimising cell culture techniques, engineers have developed fluidic micro-devises usually manufactured in materials other than polystyrene and applying three-dimensional structures more similar to the in vivo environment. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is an often used polymer for lab-on-a-chip devices but not much is known about the effect of changing the culture surface material from polystyrene to PDMS. In the present study the differentiation of porcine monocytes to monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) was investigated using CD172apos pig blood monocytes stimulated with GM-CSF and IL-4. Monocytes were cultured on surfaces made of two- and three-dimensional polystyrene as well as two- and three-dimensional PDMS and carbonised three-dimensional PDMS. Cells cultured conventionally (on two-dimensional polystyrene) differentiated into moDCs as expected. Interestingly, gene expression of a wide range of cytokines, chemokines, and pattern recognition receptors was influenced by culture surface material and architecture. Distinct clustering of cells, based on similar expression patterns of 46 genes of interest, was seen for cells isolated from two- and three-dimensional polystyrene as well as two- and three-dimensional PDMS. Changing the material from polystyrene to PDMS resulted in cells with expression patterns usually associated with macrophage expression (upregulation of CD163 and downregulation of CD1a, FLT3, LAMP3 and BATF3). However, this was purely based on gene expression level, and no functional assays were included in this study which would be necessary in order to classify the cells as being macrophages. When changing to three-dimensional culture the cells became increasingly activated in terms of IL6, IL8, IL10 and CCR5 gene expression. Further stimulation with LPS resulted in a slight increase in the expression of maturation markers (SLA-DRB1, CD86 and CD40) as well as cytokines (IL6, IL8, IL10 and IL23A) but the influence of the surfaces was unchanged. These findings highlights future challenges of combining and comparing data generated from microfluidic cell culture-devices made using alternative materials to data generated using conventional polystyrene plates used by most laboratories today.
Attenuation and phase velocity of surface acoustic waves interacting with charge carriers in thin metal films (1978)

A simple method for the simultaneous measurement of attenuation and phase-velocity changes of surface acoustic waves, based on the use of a surface-acoustic-wave oscillator, is described. The application of the method is illustrated in the case of surface acoustic waves interacting with charge carriers in thin gold fims vapor deposited on the lithium niobate substrate supporting the surface waves. Good agreement is obtained between experimental results and theory. It is shown that the product of carrier mobility and Fermi energy can be determined with good accuracy independently from three different relations involving attenuation, phase velocity, and resistivity data.
Stages and Conformations of the Tau Repeat Domain during Aggregation and Its Effect on Neuronal Toxicity (2014)

Several neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the aggregation and posttranslational modifications of Tau protein. Its "repeat domain" (TauRD) is mainly responsible for the aggregation properties, and oligomeric forms are thought to dominate the toxic effects of Tau. Here we investigated the conformational transitions of this domain during oligomerization and aggregation in different states of β-propensity and pseudo-phosphorylation, using several complementary imaging and spectroscopic methods. Although the repeat domain generally aggregates more readily than full-length Tau, its aggregation was greatly slowed down by phosphorylation or pseudo-phosphorylation at the KXGS motifs, concomitant with an extended phase of oligomerization. Analogous effects were observed with pro-aggregant variants of TauRD. Oligomers became most evident in the case of the pro-aggregant mutant TauRDΔK280, as monitored by atomic force microscopy, and the fluorescence lifetime of Alexa-labeled Tau (time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC)), consistent with its pronounced toxicity in mouse models. In cell models or primary neurons, neither oligomers nor fibrils of TauRD or TauRDΔK280 had a toxic effect, as seen by assays with lactate dehydrogenase and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, respectively. However, oligomers of pro-aggregant TauRDΔK280 specifically caused a loss of spine density in differentiated neurons, indicating a locally restricted impairment of function.
Strongest postcondition semantics as the formal basis for reverse engineering (2002)

Reverse engineering of program code is the process of constructing a higher level abstraction of an implementation in order to facilitate the understanding of a system that may be in a "legacy" or "geriatric" state. Changing architectures and improvements in programming methods, including formal methods in software development and object-oriented programming, have prompted a need to reverse engineer and re-engineer program code. This paper describes the application of the strongest postcondition predicate transformer (strongest postcondition) as the formal basis for the reverse engineering of imperative program code.
Ultra small PCS duplexer in plastic package using bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter technology (2004)

In this paper we present a high performance PCS duplexer for handset applications featuring very small footprint and height. The sue of the leadless plastic package is 3.8 mm x 3.8 mm x 0.8 mm The Rx and Tx fdter chips are fabricated using Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAY technology on Silicon. The package is based on an organic laminate and standard injection overmolding. The materials used are Considerably cheaper than ceramic LTCC. The small size reduces package costs and saves board space. Measurements show excellent performance. Isolation Tx to Rx and the stophand rejection of Rx filter in Tx band are 55 dB and 50 dB, respectively. Return loss of Rx is 9 dB, of Tx and antenna port better than 10 dB. Insertion loss is less than 3 dB. The Tx filter shows excellent out of band attenuation all over the stopband range, but specially at 2.4 GHz and at the 2 and 3d hamonics of the Tx signal.
On the Planning and Design Problem of Fog Networks (2018)

Fog computing is a paradigm of geographically distributed computing residing at the edge of the network. Fog computing is made up of fog nodes providing compute, storage and networking services to end users. In this thesis, we propose an exact model for the planning and design problem of fog networks. The model simultaneously determines the optimal location, the capacity and the number of fog node(s) as well as the interconnection between the installed fog nodes and the cloud, while minimizing the delay in the network and the amount of traffic going to the cloud. To address this multiobjective problem, three multiobjective optimization methods (weighted sum, hierarchical and trade-off) are evaluated. The CPLEX solver was used to optimize the model for the three methods with different problem sizes and the results are analyzed. The results show that, as the input size increases, the delay and the traffic also increase in a linear form; whereas the solution time increases in non-polynomial time. The weighted sum method was able to achieve the best trade-off results for the delay and the traffic, whereas the hierarchical method was able to return minimum delay but with worse traffic going to the cloud. As the model considers realistic edge device traffic parameters and constraints, it can be helpful in deploying fog networks in the current cloud computing architecture. v
Platelet accumulation in experimental angioplasty: time course and relation to vascular injury. (1987)

Since platelet accumulation may be an important determinant of restenosis after angioplasty, the time course of 51Cr-labeled platelet accumulation after experimental angioplasty was evaluated in a deendothelialized, hypercholesterolemic rabbit preparation of atherosclerosis. Marked platelet accumulation (39.5 +/- 8.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm vessel length) was observed at 30 min and remained active until 4 hr after angioplasty. Total accumulation over 24 hr was 56.4 +/- 4.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm length. Histologic dissection was directly related to the degree of platelet accumulation, with 64 +/- 15 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm in the group with marked dissection and 8.7 +/- 3.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm in the group with minimal dissection (p less than .05). Increasing angiographic dissection also resulted in a trend toward increased platelet accumulation, and angiographic change in luminal diameter showed a significant correlation with platelet accumulation. It is concluded that marked platelet accumulation occurs early after transluminal angioplasty and is related to the extent of dissection. Restenosis may result from a complex interaction of platelet accumulation, vascular damage, and blood flow.
Prediction of <i>BRCA1</i> Status in Patients with Breast Cancer Using Estrogen Receptor and Basal Phenotype (2005)

The use of cytokeratin staining in combination with ER and morphology provides a more accurate predictor of BRCA1 mutation status than previously available, that may be useful in selecting patients for BRCA1 mutation testing. The high percentage of BRCA1 cases positive for EGFR suggests that specific anti-tyrosine kinase therapy may be of potential benefit in these patients.
Elastic Moduli of Diamond (1957)

The adiabatic elastic moduli of single crystal diamond have been determined by means of ultrasonic waves in the frequency range 20-200 Mc/sec. ${c}_{12}$ is much lower and ${c}_{44}$ much higher than respective values reported in the literature. In units of ${10}^{12}$ dynes per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$, the newly determined values are: ${c}_{11}=10.76$; ${c}_{12}=1.250$; ${c}_{44}=5.758$. A critical analysis of uncertainties and a comparison with results obtained by others are made.
Automatic Cartridge Case Inspection and Process Control Monitor (1977)

This report is about the Automatic Cartridge Case Inspection and Process Control Monitor developed by Pacific northwest laboratories.
Behaviors of liposomes in a thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel (2012)

Liposome-embedded hydrogels have been widely used for controlled drug release. In this work, by embedding egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) liposome into a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogel via chemical cross-linking, we systemically studied the physical interactions between the liposome and hydrogel matrix, as well as the release mechanism of the encapsulated content in the liposome at varying temperatures. It was found that the confinement of the network and the hydrophobic interactions between the liposome and PNIPAm determined the integrity of the liposome and, more importantly, the release profile of the encapsulated content, such as calcein. This liposome-embedded stimuli-responsive system is suitable for the delivery of mixed drugs with different release profiles, and easily achieves on-demand release.
Fatty Acid Synthase Impacts the Pathobiology of Candida parapsilosis In Vitro and during Mammalian Infection (2009)

Cytosolic fungal fatty acid synthase is composed of two subunits alpha and beta, which are encoded by Fas1 and Fas2 genes. In this study, the Fas2 genes of the human pathogen Candida parapsilosis were deleted using a modified SAT1 flipper technique. CpFas2 was essential in media lacking exogenous fatty acids and the growth of Fas2 disruptants (Fas2 KO) was regulated by the supplementation of different long chain fatty acids, such as myristic acid (14ratio0), palmitic acid (16ratio0), and Tween 80, in a dose-specific manner. Lipidomic analysis revealed that Fas2 KO cells were severely restricted in production of unsaturated fatty acids. The Fas2 KO strains were unable to form normal biofilms and were more efficiently killed by murine-like macrophages, J774.16, than the wild type, heterozygous and reconstituted strains. Furthermore, Fas2 KO yeast were significantly less virulent in a systemic murine infection model. The Fas2 KO cells were also hypersensitive to human serum, and inhibition of CpFas2 in WT C. parapsilosis by cerulenin significantly decreased fungal growth in human serum. This study demonstrates that CpFas2 is essential for C. parapsilosis growth in the absence of exogenous fatty acids, is involved in unsaturated fatty acid production, influences fungal virulence, and represents a promising antifungal drug target.
Multi-buffer manager (2010)

Embedded devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), pocket PCs, palmtops, and handheld PCs are increasingly using flash memory for the permanent storage of databases. Databases achieve their fast data access speeds by using a memory manager that manages data pages in a memory buffer. The buffer manager uses a page replacement policy to evict pages when the memory buffer is full. An eviction of a dirty page will result in a write to flash memory. Unfortunately, writing to flash memory consumes a lot more energy than reading. Much of the previous work in page replacement policies has focused on reducing the number of page reads rather than writes. One of the few existing works to consider the effects of flash memory's hardware constraints for database design is Lee et. al.'s in-page Logging (IPL) approach [Lee and Moon 2007]. They demonstrated IPL significantly outperforms traditional disk-based databases when running on flash memory. However, they do not consider the energy efficiency of their approach in terms of the behavior of the page replacement policy. This article addresses this issue by presenting the Multi-Buffer Manager, which is customized for flash databases that use a logging-based approach for managing updates such as IPL. Extensive experiments show the page replacement policy used plays a pivotal role in the performance of the flash database system. In particular, our Multi-Buffer Manager can reduce energy consumption by up to 40% compared to the state-of-the-art clean first flash-based buffer replacement policy (CFLRU).
The Reactions of Diborane with Hydrocarbons<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reactions of Diborane with Hydrocarbons1Dallas T. HurdCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 6, 2053–2055Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01186a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views804Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (432 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Effects of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate, a Naturally Occurring Biologically Active Lysophospholipid, on the Rat Cardiovascular System (2000)

Recent studies have indicated that sphingosine 1-phosphate (Sph-1-P) is released into the blood flow from activated platelets upon stimulation to exhibit a wide spectrum of biological functions. The purpose of the present study was to assess the acute cardiovascular effects of circulating Sph-1-P in the in vivo rat model. Intravenous administration of Sph-1-P decreased the heart rate, ventricular contraction and blood pressure, while it hardly affected the atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction. Sph-1-P did not affect the adenylate cyclase activities of the membrane preparations made from the right atrium and left ventricle. These results suggest that functional receptors like lysophospholipid receptor Edg-1, which can inhibit adenylate cyclase via Gi protein, are lacking in the rat heart. Moreover, these observations will provide a clue to better understand the various types of Sph-1-P-related pathophysiological processes.
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Fishmeal in Feedstuffs (2010)

A SYBR Green PCR system was developed for detection of fishmeal in feedstuffs. The real-time PCR method combines the use of fish-specific primers that amplify an 87 base pair (bp) fragment of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene from fish species, and a positive control primer pair that amplifies a 99 bp fragment of the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene in all eukaryotic organisms. The specificity of the primers was tested against 52 animal species and six plant species. Reference feedstuff samples were successfully tested for the presence of fishmeal, demonstrating the applicability of the assay to feedstuffs.
A phase II study of YM155, a novel survivin suppressant, administered by 168 hour continuous infusion in patients with unresectable stage III or stage IV melanoma (2007)

8538 Background: In cell line studies, YM155 showed markedly potent antiproliferative activity against melanoma with 50% growth inhibition (GI 50 ) values ranging from 0.35 nM to 910 nM. In melanoma tumor-bearing mouse xenograft models, YM155 showed significant antitumor activity including regression of tumors, at doses ranging from 1 to 10 mg/kg/day. Methods: Chemotherapy naive patients with unresectable Stage III or IV melanoma were eligible. The primary endpoint was tumor response defined by RECIST criteria. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival and toxicity. A Simon's two stage minimax design was utilized with the first stage requiring 1 response (N=27) and a total of 2 responses required at the conclusion of stage II (N=29). Patients were considered evaluable if they completed 2 cycles. YM155 was given as a 168-hour (7-day) continuous infusion every three weeks (1 cycle) at a dose of 4.8 mg/m 2 /day. Results: Enrollment is complete at 34 pts in order to reach 29 evaluable with treatment ongoing. Results are available for the first 26 pts. Median age was 59 y/o, (range 29 - 88) with ECOG PS of 0–1. There is one objective response of intrabdominal lymph nodes based on Investigator assessment at Cycle 2 confirmed at Cycle 4; another patient had a minor response (24% reduction) at Cycle 6 (currently at Cycle 8). Two subjects have shown stable disease after 6 cycles and remain on study. The median number of cycles is 3 (range 1 - 9). Two of 26 pts reported a grade 3 AE considered possibly related to YM155 (chest pain - nos and catheter related thrombosis). Nineteen of 26 pts have discontinued the study (18 PD, 1 withdrew consent). Conclusions: YM155 induced responses in 2 pts and was generally well tolerated. Given this encouraging response as a single agent, studies of YM155 combined with other agents are under consideration. [Table: see text]
Achromatic and apochromatic halfwave and quarterwave retarders (1996)

Achromatic half-wave and quarter-wave retarders are com- monly produced by combining two plates of different birefringent materi- als with properly chosen thicknesses. A theoretical analysis is presented leading to a systematic procedure for choosing a combination of materi- als that minimizes the residual variation of the retardation with wave- length. This analysis also shows how the residual variation of the retar- dation with wavelength can be almost completely eliminated with a combination of three birefringent materials. © 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
What can Palaeoclimate Modelling do for you? (2019)

In modern environmental and climate science it is necessary to assimilate observational datasets collected over decades with outputs from numerical models, to enable a full understanding of natural systems and their sensitivities. During the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, numerical modelling became central to many areas of science from the Bohr model of the atom to the Lorenz model of the atmosphere. In modern science, a great deal of time and effort is devoted to developing, evaluating, comparing and modifying numerical models that help us synthesise our understanding of complex natural systems. Here we provide an assessment of the contribution of past (palaeo) climate modelling to multidisciplinary science and to society by answering the following question: What can palaeoclimate modelling do for you? We provide an assessment of how palaeoclimate modelling can develop in the future to further enhance multidisciplinary research that aims to understand Earth’s evolution, and what this may tell us about the resilience of natural and social systems as we enter the Anthropocene.
The Corona-Plasma Cathode: A New Long-Life E-Beam Cathode for X-Ray Preionization (1983)

Abstract : A new type of cold-cathode electron gun has been developed for use as an x-ray preionizer in excimer laser systems. The cathode is simple, rugged, and very reliable. Lifetime testing at an average of 175 pps shows little wear after 108 shots, and no decrease in ebeam current density. Current densities in the range 0.1 - 10 A/cm2 have been demonstrated, and higher current densities appear achievable. Gas evolution at high repetition rates is minimal, reducing vacuum pump requirements. The power requirements for the corona-plasma e-gun were found to be about 4% of the input power demand of a moderate power x-ray preionized laser system.
Fundamentals Of Statistical Signal Processing (2001)

A unified presentation of parameter estimation for those involved in the design and implementation of statistical signal processing algorithms. Covers important approaches to obtaining an optimal estimator and analyzing its performance; and includes numerous examples as well as applications to real- world problems. MARKETS: For practicing engineers and scientists who design and analyze signal processing systems, i.e., to extract information from noisy signals — radar engineer, sonar engineer, geophysicist, oceanographer, biomedical engineer, communications engineer, economist, statistician, physicist, etc.
Synthesis of Novel Tricyclic Aryltriazole‐3‐Thione Compounds (2005)

Abstract A new synthetic protocol has been developed to provide entry into a series of novel tricyclic aryltriazole‐3‐thiones analogs. The classical reaction conditions of subjecting an arylhydrazide with thiophosgene to form the thioisocyanate intermediate and ultimately the corresponding aryltriazole‐3‐thione framework were not successful. However, using a combination of carbon disulfide and 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) to form the thioisocyanate intermediate was found to produce the novel tricyclic aryltriazole‐3‐thiones (5, 8a–c) in good yield.
Boost transfer student yield with collaboration between admissions, registrar, financial aid (2016)

The Registrar's Office has almost as big a role in yielding admitted transfer students as does the Admissions Office. That's something Katie A. Schwienteck, associate registrar for transfer articulation at York College of Pennsylvania, realized after taking a job in a Registrar's Office after working in admissions for a number of years.