gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Global Optimization With Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (2007)

This paper presents a novel procedure for approximating the global optimum in structural design by combining multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) with a response surface methodology (RSM). MARS is a flexible regression technique that uses a modified recursive partitioning strategy to simplify high-dimensional problems into smaller yet highly accurate models. Combining MARS and RSM improves the conventional RSM by addressing highly nonlinear high-dimensional problems that can be simplified into lower dimensions, yet maintains a low computational cost and better interpretability when compared to neural networks and generalized additive models. MARS/RSM is also compared to simulated annealing and genetic algorithms in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. The MARS/RSM procedure is applied to a set of low-dimensional test functions to demonstrate its convergence and limiting properties.
Modulation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Toll-Like Receptor-2–Knockout Mice (2004)

These findings suggest that TLR-2 may play a role in the regulation of inflammatory and apoptotic mediators in the heart after Dox administration.
Multilayer reflectors by molecular-beam epitaxy for resonance enhanced absorption in thin high-speed detectors (1990)

The spectral responses of resonantly enhanced photodiodes are analyzed theoretically and verified experimentally. The quantum efficiency of a Schottky photodiode with a 50-nm AlInAs Schottky contact layer and a 475-nm GaInAs absorbing layer can be enhanced 1.5-fold by using a 16-layer quarter wave stack (QWS) of alternating Al0.17Ga0.30In0.53As and Al0.48In0.52As. The enhancement can be further improved if more periods of QWS are incorporated, or the substrate is selectively removed. The resonance width is approximately 60 nm. This type of structure should be very valuable for very small size ultrafast photodiodes and for optoelectronic integration.
Evidence for a neuropathic aetiology in the small pupil of diabetes mellitus. (1983)

Infrared television pupillometry was performed on 34 insulin-treated diabetic patients and 55 healthy subjects. Sixteen of the diabetic patients had pupils that failed to dilate normally in darkness. The occurrence of a small pupil was associated with cardiac vagal dysfunction and somatic sensory loss. The small pupil was found to be supersensitive to the mydriatic effect of topical 2% phenylephrine but normally sensitive to 0.5% hydroxyamphetamine eyedrops. It is concluded that the failure of the pupil to dilate in darkness in some diabetic patients is due to neuropathy of the sympathetic innervation.
A New Process for Fabricating Random Silicon Nanotips (2004)

An improved process for the fabrication of random arrays of silicon nanotips has been demonstrated to be feasible. Relative to other such processes, this process offers advantages of low cost and simplicity. Moreover, this process can readily be combined with other processes used to fabricate integrated circuits and other monolithic silicon structures. Arrays of silicon nanotips are subjects of research and development efforts directed toward utilizing them as field emitters in flat-panel displays, vacuum microelectronics, and microwave devices. Other silicon-nanotip-fabrication processes developed thus far predominantly include lithography, etching, and/or elaborate deposition steps followed by oxide sharpening steps and are both process intensive as well as expensive. In addition to being cheaper and simpler, the present process can efficiently produce silicon nanotips that range in height from a few microns to several tens of microns and are distributed over large areas. The process mentioned here can be summarized as consisting of (1) the growth of micro-etch masks on a silicon substrate, followed by (2) etching away of the masks, along with some of the substrate, to make an array of sharp tips. In the first step of the process, a cleaned silicon substrate is subjected to reactive ion etching (RIE) in a certain mixture of oxygen and carbon tetrafluoride under radio-frequency excitation. This process step results in the growth of fluorine based compounds in the form of stumps randomly distributed on the substrate. These stumps are known in the art as polymer RIE grass. The dimensions of these stumps are of the order of hundreds of nanometers, the exact values depending on process time and gas composition. The areal density of the stumps decreases with increasing process time as they grow and merge with neighboring stumps. These stumps constitute the micro-etch masks for the next step of the process. In the second step of the process, the substrate covered with the microetch masks is subjected to deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process, which consists of cycles of reactive ion etching alternating with passivation (the Bosch process). The gas used in the etching substeps is sulfur hexafluoride (SF6); the gas used in the passivation substeps is octafluorocyclobutane (C4F8). The portions of the substrate directly under the RIE grass stubs are etched more slowly than are the portions between the stubs. Hence, what remains at the end of the process, after the stubs and parts of the substrate have been etched away, are silicon spikes where the stubs were (see figure). In a variation of the process, one starts with a silicon or silicon-on-insulator substrate with the intent to etch through the full thickness of the substrate. That is to say, one chooses the thickness so that the DRIE step releases individual nanotips. Such individual silicon nanotips may have utility as microscopic probes in biomedical applications.
Depression of the Glass Transition Temperature of Sucrose Confined in a Phospholipid Mesophase (2001)

The glass transition of sucrose in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE)/sucrose mixtures was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Mole ratios of 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 DOPE/sucrose mixtures were dehydrated at osmotic pressures ranging from 41 to 311 MPa through vapor-phase equilibration. Two glass transitions were observed in 1:2 DOPE/sucrose mixtures that were dehydrated at osmotic pressures >81 MPa. The first glass transition temperature (Tg) was lower than that of pure sucrose solutions that were dehydrated under identical conditions. The second Tg of the 1:2 DOPE/sucrose mixture was similar to the Tg of sucrose solutions that were dehydrated in the absence of DOPE. In the 2:1 and 1:1 DOPE/sucrose mixtures, only one Tg was observed at a temperature lower than that of pure sucrose. We propose that depression of the Tg of sucrose in the DOPE/sucrose mixtures is the result of a confinement effect that occurs in the sucrose solution that is sequestered in the aqueous cores of the hexagonal II phase of DOPE with a radius of ∼2 nm.
Reasoning for a multi-modal service robot considering uncertainty in human-robot interaction (2008)

This paper presents a reasoning system for a multi-modal service robot with human-robot interaction. The reasoning system uses partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) for decision making and an intermediate level for bridging the gap of abstraction between multi-modal real world sensors and actuators on the one hand and POMDP reasoning on the other. A filter system handles the abstraction of multi-modal perception while preserving uncertainty and model-soundness. A command sequencer is utilized to control the execution of symbolic POMDP decisions on multiple actuator components. By using POMDP reasoning, the robot is able to deal with uncertainty in both observation and prediction of human behavior and can balance risk and opportunity. The system has been implemented on a multi-modal service robot and is able to let the robot act autonomously in modeled human-robot interaction scenarios. Experiments evaluate the characteristics of the proposed algorithms and architecture.
Flow Sensitivity of the Micro Adsorption Detector (1969)

Journal Article Flow Sensitivity of the Micro Adsorption Detector Get access M. N. Munk, M. N. Munk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. N. Raval D. N. Raval Varian Aerograph, 2700 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 7, Issue 1, January 1969, Pages 48–55, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/7.1.48 Published: 01 January 1969 Article history Received: 28 October 1968 Published: 01 January 1969
Superconducting thin films of Y-Ba-Cu-O produced by neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser ablation (1988)

Superconducting thin films of Y-Ba-Cu-O produced by laser ablation of nonsuperconducting targets by 1064 nm neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet radiation in an oxygen ambient are described. Deposition rates of 100 Å/s were achieved for 1 J pulses at 30 Hz. Scanning Auger microscopy indicates phase segregated films. Optical probing of ablated flux suggests it consists of atomic and molecular fragments.
Learning style and instructional methods in a graduate level engineering program delivered by video teleconferencing technology (2002)

The availability of new telecommunication technologies to the educational community has generated a growing interest in the use of distance education methods by institutions to reach larger student bodies. This research considers the use of learning style theory to identify effective instructional methods in a video teleconferencing-based graduate-level engineering program at the University of Pittsburgh. Mismatches in student learning style and instructional strategies have been found to affect students' perceptions of program quality and ultimately their completion of distance education programs.
A new technique for primary hepatocyte expansion in vitro (2008)

The current application for many potential cell-based treatments for liver failure is limited by the low availability of mature functional hepatocytes. Although adult hepatocytes have a remarkable ability to proliferate in vivo, attempts to proliferate adult hepatocytes in vitro have been less successful. In this study, we investigated the effect of coculture cell type on the proliferative response and the functional activities of hepatocytes. We show, for the first time, a robust proliferative response of primary adult rat hepatocytes when cocultured with mouse 3T3-J2 fibroblasts. Hepatocytes cultured at low density on growth-arrested 3T3-J2 fibroblast feeder layers underwent significantly higher proliferation rates than when cultured on feeder layers made of four other cell types. Increasing colony size correlated with an increase in hepatocellular functions. The proliferating hepatocytes retained their morphologic, phenotypic, and functional characteristics. Using a cell patterning technique, we found that 3T3-J2 fibroblasts stimulate DNA synthesis in hepatocytes by short-range heterotypic cell-cell interactions. When hepatocytes that proliferated in cocultures were harvested and further subcultured either on 3T3-J2 fibroblast feeders or in the collagen sandwich configuration, their behavior was similar to that of freshly isolated hepatocytes. We conclude that adult rat hepatocytes can proliferate in vitro in a coculture cell type-dependent manner, and can be serially propagated by coculturing with 3T3-J2 fibroblasts while maintaining their differentiated characteristics. Our results also suggest that one of the major reasons for the functional differences in hepatocyte cocultures may be due to the different proliferative responses of hepatocytes as a function of coculture cell type. This study provides new insights in the roles of coculture cell types and cell-cell interactions in the modulation of hepatic proliferation and function.
Sulfenylation of hindered phenols with aryl disulfides (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfenylation of hindered phenols with aryl disulfidesTamotsu Fujisawa and Takakazu KojimaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 4, 687–690Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00944a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views150Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (503 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Segmented Polyimides with Poly(ethylene oxide) Blocks Exhibiting Liquid Crystallinity (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSegmented Polyimides with Poly(ethylene oxide) Blocks Exhibiting Liquid CrystallinityG. Costa, G. C. Eastmond, J. P. A. Fairclough, J. Paprotny, A. J. Ryan, and P. StagnaroView Author Information Institute for Macromolecular Studies, ISMAC−CNR, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy, Donnan Laboratories, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K. Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 3, 1034–1040Publication Date (Web):January 15, 2008Publication History Received26 July 2007Revised5 November 2007Published online15 January 2008Published inissue 1 February 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma071665phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma071665pbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views442Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Liquid crystals,Liquids,Phase transitions,Polyimides,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Clinical evidence of thiazolidinedione‐induced improvement of pancreatic β‐cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2002)

Thiazolidinediones seem to induce recovery of pancreatic beta cell function, independently of the correction of glucose toxicity.
Reduction of Bit Errors Due to Intertrack Interference Using LLRs of Neighboring Tracks (2011)

Suppressing intertrack interference (ITI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) is crucial for achieving high-density magnetic recording beyond 10 Tera bits/inch <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . We propose a novel iterative method for reducing errors caused by ITI and ISI involving the adaptive estimation of ITI and the log likelihood ratios obtained from signals of neighboring tracks. This method is useful for decoding signals recorded by bit-patterned media and conventional media. Moreover, the method is extended to decode signals from the Voronoi-based discrete grain model for shingled write recording (SWR), accounting for four neighboring bits. Bit errors due to both neighboring track shifts of approximately 20% can be canceled for BPM and SWR.
Restaurant Revenue Management (2004)

Revenue-management tools can be used by restaurant managers to analyze the effects of process-control changes. A dinner house seeking to shift demand and to achieve greater facility utilization during busy times analyzed the factors that caused delays in the service process—and thus increased the guest queue. Although the restaurant was able to hasten the actual dining time, much of the slack was found in the processes that occurred before and after the actual dining period. Moreover, the restaurant managers were able to analyze customer-arrival and market-mix data in relation to the restaurant’s table mix. Seat occupancy was improved by matching the table arrangement to the customer mix, and table turns were increased by improving the kitchen operations so that front-of-the-house functions could be tightened up. In particular, end-of-meal steps were speeded up. As a result of its process improvements, the restaurant enjoyed revenue growth greater than that of comparable restaurants.
Ge-on-Si Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Detectors: Design, Modeling, Fabrication, and Characterization at Wavelengths 1310 and 1550 nm (2013)

The design, modeling, fabrication, and characterization of single-photon avalanche diode detectors with an epitaxial Ge absorption region grown directly on Si are presented. At 100 K, a single-photon detection efficiency of 4% at 1310 nm wavelength was measured with a dark count rate of ~ 6 megacounts/s, resulting in the lowest reported noise-equivalent power for a Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode detector (1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-14</sup> WHz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/2</sup> ). The first report of 1550 nm wavelength detection efficiency measurements with such a device is presented. A jitter of 300 ps was measured, and preliminary tests on after-pulsing showed only a small increase (a factor of 2) in the normalized dark count rate when the gating frequency was increased from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. These initial results suggest that optimized devices integrated on Si substrates could potentially provide performance comparable to or better than that of many commercially available discrete technologies.
Quantum Mechanical Performance Predictions of p-n-i-n Versus Pocketed Line Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors (2013)

The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is a promising candidate to replace the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor in advanced technology nodes, because of its potential to obtain sub-60 mV/dec subthreshold swings. However, it is challenging to reach sufficiently high on-currents in TFETs. Therefore, on-current boosters are actively being researched. In this paper, a p-n-i-n TFET, containing a vertical pocket at the source-channel junction, is studied with quantum mechanical simulations and compared with a line tunneling TFET, containing horizontal pockets in the source region. The comparison is carried out both for all-Si and all-Ge, while an extrapolation is made for smaller bandgap materials. The p-n-i-n TFET is found to perform better than a p-i-n configuration, thanks to the increased electric field at the source-pocket junction. Compared to the p-n-i-n TFET, the line TFET has an even higher on-current and lower subthreshold swing, attributed to the closer proximity of the tunnel junction to the gate. For the all-Ge case, the difference between the two configurations is found to decrease when direct transitions are taken into account semi-classically.
Differential Uptake of Volatile Agents into Brain Tissue In Vitro  (2003)

Diffusion into tissue is substantially slower for F6 than for halothane, and its impact is great enough that this must be considered when designing or interpreting in vitro experiments. However, impaired access does not account for the lack of effect of F6 on electrophysiologic responses in rat hippocampal slices.
Two-site immunoradiometric assay for serum ferritin altered by a change in solid-phase support medium. (1981)

Journal Article Two-site immunoradiometric assay for serum ferritin altered by a change in solid-phase support medium. Get access G J Casey, G J Casey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R W Blunden R W Blunden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 27, Issue 8, 1 August 1981, Pages 1472–1473, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/27.8.1472 Published: 01 August 1981
A highly efficient chemical sensor material for ethanol: Al2O3/Graphene nanocomposites fabricated from graphene oxide (2011)

Al(2)O(3)/Graphene nanocomposites are firstly produced from GO solution by a one-step, green, facile, low-cost SC CO(2) method. The as-prepared nanocomposite papers display high CL sensitivity and high selectivity to the ethanol gas, which provides a facile, green and low-cost route for the preparation of ethanol nanoscopic sensing devices with wide applications.
Energizing eukaryotic cell‐free protein synthesis with glucose metabolism (2015)

Eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is limited by the dependence on costly high-energy phosphate compounds and exogenous enzymes to power protein synthesis (e.g., creatine phosphate and creatine kinase, CrP/CrK). Here, we report the ability to use glucose as a secondary energy substrate to regenerate ATP in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae crude extract CFPS platform. We observed synthesis of 3.64±0.35 μg mL(-1) active luciferase in batch reactions with 16 mM glucose and 25 mM phosphate, resulting in a 16% increase in relative protein yield (μg protein/$ reagents) compared to the CrP/CrK system. Our demonstration provides the foundation for development of cost-effective eukaryotic CFPS platforms.
Comprehensive Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases- Ramji Gupta (2010)

Bioline International is an archived version of the "Bioline International" website that functioned as a not-for-proft scholarly publishing cooperative. This archived site contains web content, including text, images and URLs for internal links from the "http://www.bioline.org.br" domain The "Bioline International" website was a platform for hosting peer-reviewed and open access journals published in developing countries in fields such as public health, tropical medicine, international development, food and nutritional security, and biodiversity. The platform was conceived as a way of reducing the South to North kowledge gap, improving the visibility of essential research and knowledge from local and regional sources in developing countries across the world, and supporting the progress of science to develop a gobal-scale knowledge base in its fields of concern. Bioline International was launched in 1993 as a joint project between the Tropical Database (now, The Reference Center on Environmental Information) in Barzil and The Electronic Publishing Trust for Development in the United Kingdom. The CRIA provided server hosting, administration and development, which The EPT oversaw content management, project development and research. In 2000, The UTSC Library and UTSC's Department of Social Sciences took over the role previously occupied by The Electronic Publishing Trust for Development.