gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of saliva in tick feeding (2009)

When attempting to feed on their hosts, ticks face the problem of host hemostasis (the vertebrate mechanisms that prevent blood loss), inflammation (that can produce itching or pain and thus initiate defensive behavior on their hosts) and adaptive immunity (by way of both cellular and humoral responses). Against these barriers, ticks evolved a complex and sophisticated pharmacological armamentarium, consisting of bioactive lipids and proteins, to assist blood feeding. Recent progress in transcriptome research has uncovered that hard ticks have hundreds of different proteins expressed in their salivary glands, the majority of which have no known function, and include many novel protein families (e.g., their primary structure is unique to ticks). This review will address the vertebrate mechanisms of these barriers as a guide to identify the possible targets of these large numbers of known salivary proteins with unknown function. We additionally provide a supplemental Table that catalogues over 3,500 putative salivary proteins from various tick species, which might assist the scientific community in the process of functional identification of these unique proteins. This supplemental file is accessble fromhttp://exon.niaid.nih.gov/transcriptome/tick_review/Sup-Table-1.xls.gz.
V·GRASS:Specialist in “Figure-Style” (2010)

The brutal competition in clothing industry leads to a phenomenon:rarely can a brand remain always flourishing.The competition of lady’s wear is fiercer than others among
Reverse Freedom of Information Act Litigation in a Non-Commercial Setting: The Case of Professor Doe (1982)

So complex are the questions of what the right of privacy is, and when and how it can be invoked, that special precautions must be taken to prevent an article dealing with it from drifting off into the fascinating but misty realms of metaphysical speculation. This Article will deal with an important issue raised but not answered by the Federal Freedom of Information and Privacy Acts: the rights of a private party who seeks to prevent the federal government from releasing information concerning him.
Transglycosylation and transfer reaction activities of endo-α-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminidase from Diplococcus (Streptococcus) pneumoniae (1989)

Endo-alpha-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminidase from Diplococcus pneumoniae was shown to have transglycosylation and transfer reaction (reversed hydrolysis) activities. Treatment of asialoglycoproteins having Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----Ser/Thr linkages with enzyme preparations containing glycerol resulted in formation of nonreducing trisaccharides. The structure of the main trisaccharide (approximately 80%) was deduced to be Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 1----1(3)-glycerol by analysis of sugar composition and the results of exoglycosidase treatment and periodate oxidation. The ability of the endoglycosidase to catalyze transfer of Gal beta 1----3GalNAc to various acceptors was also demonstrated by incubation of the enzyme with the disaccharide and the test compound. The following were found to show acceptor activity: glycerol, Tris, p-nitrophenol, threonine, serine, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fucose, and 6-O-methylgalactose. Transfer to the primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol and hexoses appears to be favored since the major glycerol product was 1(3)-substituted and transfer to D-fucose and 6-O-methyl-D-galactose was less than that to D-galactose. In order to avoid spurious results, it is necessary to carry out incubations with this enzyme in the absence of glycerol and other hydroxy compounds. The potential use of this endoglycosidase in the synthesis of glycosides is indicated by our studies.
The VLS Tech-Assist Expert System (1995)

The vertical launch system (vls) tech-assist expert system is being used by the in-service engineering agent as a force multiplier to maintain the readiness, with fewer resources, of a growing population of vlss in the U.S. Navy fleet. This article describes the collaborative development of this knowledge-based system for diagnosis; its main features, including case-based and model-based reasoning; and the lessons we learned from the process.
Data broadcasting with feedback for wireless LANs (2002)

A broadcast medium, transmitting the same message to a number of stations is relatively simple. An example is the teletext procedure which broadcasts messages cyclically. In this procedure stations have to wait a full cycle for the next transmission if a part of the message is either lost or is faulty. Sometimes however it is important that all the receiving stations receive the message within a certain time. The time necessary to transmit a message to all stations may decrease considerably if some kind of feedback from the receiving stations to the transmitting station is used. To determine the upper speed limit of data broadcasting with feedback, a selective reject procedure with infinite fast feedback, being the most efficient feedback error correction method, has been analysed. For a comparison, the transmission of messages with the existing cyclic teletext procedure has been analysed too. Finally a data broadcasting protocol with feedback has been designed and simulated. A special feature of this protocol is that it makes use of the properties of the broadcast channel for the feedback signals too. Besides that the number of receivers may vary dynamically.
A sparse matrix approach to neural network training (2002)

A new training technique, based on sparse matrix concept is developed for the training of multilayer perceptron. The proposed approach exploits the patterns of neuron activations in neural networks and substantially reduces the amount of computations in backpropagation. The proposed training algorithm is applied to word recognition with TI20 real speech data. Compared to techniques without using the sparse concept, same or better recognition accuracy is achieved and training speed is substantially improved.
The availability of the acetyl derivatives of lysine for growth (1943)

The biological behaviour of the amino-acid lysine is abnormal in several respects. In a number of experiments with isotopic nitrogen and hydrogen Schoenheimer and his collaborators [Foster, Schoen- heimer & Rittenberg, 1939; Schoenheimer, Ratner & Rittenberg, 1939 a, b; Weissman & Schoenheimer, 1941] have shown that, unlike most amino-acids, lysine does not accept N from other-.nitrogenous compounds, nor could deuterium bt introduced metabolically into this molecule. Itcappears that even the first stages of lysine metab;lism are irreversible. Until now no substances other than l-lysine have been found that w. 1 support the growth of young rats on a lysin -deficient diet.
Microcontrollers: Architecture, Implementation, and Programming (1992)

From the Publisher:
This book serves two important functions for the electronics professional: describing the underlying differences among different types of microcontrollers,and familiarizing readers with the power and complexity of the latest generation of controller designs. Microcontrollers are now found in a bewildering variety of productsfrom antilock brakes to cash registers to robotic systems. Addressing the various ways in which a controller architecture can be implemented in hardware,the emphasis here is on real-world control problems. The book also features detailed coverage of specific microcontrollerssuch as the Motorola 8-bit MC68HC11,32-bit Intel 8051 and 80960CA.
Abnormal Sex Chromosome Constitution and Longitudinal Growth: Serum Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I, IGF Binding Protein-3, Luteinizing Hormone, and Testosterone in 109 Males with 47,XXY, 47,XYY, or Sex-Determining Region of the Y Chromosome (SRY)-Positive 46,XX Karyotypes (2007)

We found accelerated growth in early childhood in boys with 47,XXY and 47,XYY karyotypes, whereas 46,XX-males were shorter than controls. These abnormal growth patterns were not reflected in circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3. The boys with 46,XX and 47,XXY karyotypes developed hypogonadism in puberty, but androgen secretion in 47,XYY boys remained normal. The abnormal stature of these patients may be a result of abnormal gene expression due to the underlying chromosome aberration resulting in excessive expression of growth-related genes.
Conjugated polyene fatty acids as fluorescent probes: binding to bovine serum albumin (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConjugated polyene fatty acids as fluorescent probes: binding to bovine serum albuminLarry A. Sklar, Bruce S. Hudson, and Robert D. SimoniCite this: Biochemistry 1977, 16, 23, 5100–5108Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00642a024https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00642a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1190Altmetric-Citations358LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contrast-Enhanced Subtraction Harmonic Sonography for Evaluating Treatment Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2001)

Digital subtraction contrast-enhanced harmonic imaging can depict tumor vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma after therapy sensitively and accurately. Because it is easy to perform and provides real-time needle insertion guidance, it may be preferable to perform after localized therapy to monitor treatment response, which will reduce unnecessary CT scanning.
P‐85: A New Reset Method for High Contrast Ratio and Reduction of the Reset Period of ACPDPs (2005)

Abstract A new reset method for high contrast ratio and reduction of the reset time is presented. In this new reset method, except the first subfield, a new reset pulse with only ramp‐up period is adopted. In this reset method, from the third subfield, the background luminance generated during the reset period is theoretically zero until the first subfield of the following frame. Employing the new reset method, the dark room contrast ratio improved to 3084.7:1 from 189.1:1 of the conventional reset method. The new reset method reduced the required time for reset per subfield to 160us except the first subfield.
How Surface Topography Relates to Materials' Properties (2002)

The topography of a surface is known to substantially affect the bulk properties of a material. Despite the often nanoscale nature of the surface undulations, the influence they have may be observed by macroscopic measurements. This review explores many of the areas in which the effect of topography is macroscopically relevant, as well as introducing some recent developments in topographic analysis and control.
GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BLUE-GREEN ALGAL VIRUS LPP-1 (1964)

Safferman, Robert S. (Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, Cincinnati, Ohio), and Mary-Ellen Morris. Growth characteristics of the blue-green algal virus LPP- 1. J. Bacteriol. 88:771-775. 1964.-The blue-green algal (BGA) virus, strain LPP-1, formed two distinct plaque variants. During subsequent propagation, each of the isolated variants eventually reverted to a mixture of both plaque types. The large-plaque-former, multiplying at a somewhat faster rate, showed maximal virus production within 60 hr after infection; maximal titer of the small-plaque mutant was reached after a 76-hr incubation period. No differences were observed in either their host spectra or their pH and thermal stability. Evidence was presented which demonstrated that BGA virus samples could be assayed with reasonable accuracy from plaque counts. Variations resulting from this plating technique were within the range of experimental error that has been generally reported for such a system.
Bacteriocin production by Clostridium acetobutylicum in an industrial fermentation process (1979)

High titers of a noninducible bacteriocin were produced by Clostridium acetobutylicum in a molasses fermentation medium used for the industrial production of solvents. Release of the bacteriocin towards the end of the exponential growth phase was accompanied by lysis of the culture and inhibition of the production of solvents. The producer cells were sensitive to the bacteriocin, which only affected other C. acetobutylicum strains and a Clostridium felsineum strain. The thermolabile bacteriocin was not inactivated by protease enzymes and had no optimum stability between pH 4 and 5. The sedimentation coefficient of the bacteriocin was 6S.
Benchmarking Technical Quality of Software Products (2008)

To enable systematic comparison of technical quality of (groups of) software products, we have collected measurement data of a wide range of systems into a benchmark repository. The measurements were taken over the course of several years of delivering software assessment services to corporations and public institutes. The granularity of the collected data follows the layered structure of a model for software product quality, based on the ISO/IEC 9126 international standard, which we developed previously. In this paper, we describe the design of our benchmark repository, and we explain how it can be used to perform comparisons of systems. To provide a concrete illustration of the concept without revealing confidential data, we use a selection of open source systems as example.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of 2‐Arylsulfanyl‐ arylcyanamides (2010)

Abstract We have developed a ligand‐assisted copper(I)‐catalyzed two sequential heteroarylation sequence. An intramolecular S ‐arylation is followed by an intermolecular N ‐arylation leading to the direct synthesis of N ‐aryl‐2‐aminobenzothiazoles. In most cases however, the 2‐arylsulfanyl‐arylcyanamide was the major product obtained via an intramolecular CS bond formation, associated with CS bond breakage, followed by an intermolecular S ‐arylation. The selectivity of this ligand‐assisted reaction is quite different as compared to that of ligand‐free reactions and the rates are much faster giving good yields of products. Various cyanamides can be prepared in excellent yields from their corresponding 1‐substituted thioureas with or without the assistance of a ligand with a catalytic quantity of copper(I).
cAMP-activated maxi-Cl<sup>−</sup> channels in native bovine pigmented ciliary epithelial cells (2004)

The eye's aqueous humor is secreted by a bilayered ciliary epithelium comprising pigmented (PE) and nonpigmented (NPE) epithelial cell layers. Stromal Cl(-) enters the PE cells and crosses gap junctions to the NPE cells for release into the aqueous humor. Maxi-Cl(-) channels are expressed in PE cells, but their physiological significance is unclear. To address this question, excised patches and whole native bovine PE cells were patch clamped, and volume was monitored by calcein fluorescence. In symmetrical 130 mM NaCl, cAMP at the cytoplasmic surface of inside-out patches produced concentration-dependent activation of maxi-Cl(-) channels with a unitary conductance of 272 +/- 2 pS (n = 80). Voltage steps from 0 to +/-80 mV, but not to +/-40 mV, produced rapid channel inactivation consistent with the typical characteristics of maxi-Cl(-) channels. cAMP also activated the maxi-Cl(-) channels in outside-out patches. In both cases, maxi-Cl(-) channels were reversibly inhibited by SITS and 5-nitro-2-(phenylpropylamino)benzoate (NPPB). Decreasing cytoplasmic Cl(-) concentration reduced both open-channel probability and unitary conductance. Similarly, the membrane-permeant 8-bromo-cAMP stimulated outward and inward whole cell currents; the stimulation was larger at higher intracellular Cl(-) concentration. As with unitary currents, cAMP-triggered whole cell currents displayed inactivation at +/-80 but not at +/-40 mV. Moreover, cAMP triggered NPPB-sensitive shrinkage of PE cells. The results suggest that cAMP directly activates maxi-Cl(-) channels of native PE cells that contribute to Cl(-) release particularly from Cl(-)-loaded cells. These cAMP-activated channels provide a potential mechanism for reducing and modulating net aqueous humor secretion by facilitating Cl(-) reabsorption into the ciliary stroma.
On electrification of mass excavation (2013)

Substituting traditional vehicles with fully electric ones can dramatically improve transport energy efficiency (kWh/tonne) for transport operations. This paper presents a system designed to simulate electric power requirement of fully electrified mass excavation in quarries. A Discrete Event System (DES)-module tailored for electrification is used to represent mass excavation work flow in the quarry. Electric vehicle models are developed and used to generate activity durations as well as work cycle energy and power requirement. These performance characteristic values are used in simulation in the DES. The outcome of the simulation is the electric power requirement as well as energy efficiency- and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) calculations.
Immunochemical Relationships of Certain Capsular Polysaccharides of Klebsiella, Pneumococci and Rhizobia (1970)

Abstract Pyruvic acid is an immunologic determinant in the capsular polysaccharides of Klebsiella K32, pneumococcal types IV and XXVII, and eight strains of Rhizobia. All of these react heavily in anti-Pn XXVII. A cross-reaction between Pn IV and Pn XXVII is described and shown not to be due to pyruvic acid. Klebsiella K9 is characterized by non-reducing end-groups of D-glucuronic acid (or of 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid) but differs in other respects from K2. Cross-reactions of K47 show it to be the only one of those tested with non-reducing end-groups of l-rhamnose. K52 reacts heavily in anti-Pn XXVIII. When depyruvylated, the rhizobial polysaccharides show much greater reactivity, and, occasionally, different reactivities in anti-Pn sera other than XXVII, in which depyruvylation virtually abolishes precipitation. The rhizobial polysaccharides may contain their pyruvic acid linked as a ketal to d-galactose; the linkage in S IV is more labile.
Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney in The National Wilms' Tumor Study: Age at Diagnosis As a Prognostic Factor (2005)

Age at diagnosis is a highly significant prognostic factor for survival of children with RTK. Infants have a dismal prognosis, whereas, older children have a more favorable outcome. Higher tumor stage and presence of a CNS lesion were both factors predictive of a poor survival rate.
Alkaline liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization skimmer collision‐induced dissociation mass spectrometry for phosphopeptide screening (2001)

Abstract A rapid on‐line method for the identification of phosphorylated peptides in enzymatic protein digests by specific marker ion signals is described. In our study we investigated the use of alkaline conditions together with a previously described method for selective and sensitive detection of phosphopeptide ions combining high‐performance capillary liquid chromatography (LC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS)., Phosphorylation‐specific marker ions ( m/z 79, PO 3 − , and m/z 97, H 2 PO 4 − ) were generated by skimmer collision‐induced dissociation (sCID) in the negative‐ion mode. The method was evaluated and validated for mono‐phosphorylated synthetic peptides using different alkaline pH values and CID offsets. Alkaline conditions (pH 10.5) enhance the generation of phosphopeptide‐specific fragment ions from serine‐ and tyrosine‐phosphorylated peptides, and enable the use of m/z 79 (PO 3 − ) and m/z 97 (H 2 PO 4 − ) as phosphorylation‐specific marker traces. Note that HPLC separation in trifluoroacetic acid containing solvents impairs the use of m/z 97 (C 2 F 3 O − fragment ion at m/z 97) as a phosphorylation‐specific marker. The optimized method was applied for the detection of phosphorylated peptides in a tryptic β‐casein digest. The expected mono‐ and tetra‐phosphorylated peptides were detected and rapidly identified by µLC/ESI‐sCID‐MS and µLC/ESI‐MS analysis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network management and traffic analysis for CICNet (1991)

Some network management mechanisms for TCP/IP router-based networks are outlined, and the traffic management activities offered in support of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation Network (CICNet) are examined. An overview is given of CICNet, and its topology and network operations activities are described. The traffic engineering and management system developed at AT&T Bell Laboratories for the support of TCP/IP-based LAN interconnection networks is then described in detail. Future directions and capabilities are briefly considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Overexpressed lipoprotein lipase protects against atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice (1999)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is known to play a crucial role in lipoprotein metabolism by hydrolyzing triglycerides; however its role in atherogenesis has yet to be determined. We have previously shown that low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice overexpressing LPL are resistant to diet-induced atherosclerosis due to the suppression of remnant lipoproteins. Plasma lipoproteins and atherosclerosis of apolipoprotein (apo) E knockout mice which overexpress the human LPL transgene (LPL/APOEKO) were compared with those of control apoE knockout mice (APOEKO). On a normal chow diet, LPL/APOEKO mice showed marked suppression of the plasma triglyceride levels compared with APOEKO mice (54 vs. 182 mg/dl), but no significant changes in plasma cholesterol and apoB levels. Non-high density lipoproteins (HDL) from LPL/APOEKO mice had lower triglyceride content, a smaller size, and a more positive charge compared with those from APOEKO mice. Cholesterol, apoA-I, and apoA-IV were increased in HDL. Although both groups developed hypercholesterolemia to a comparable degree in response to an atherogenic diet, the LPL/APOEKO mice developed 2-fold smaller fatty streak lesions in the aortic sinus compared to the APOEKO mice. In conclusion, overproduction of LPL is protective against atherosclerosis even in the absence of apoE.
Isolation and identification of the sex pheromone of the mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata(Wied) (1985)

The volatile compounds emitted by sexually mature male mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata) have been identified and the key component involved in the sexual attraction of virgin female flies to males demonstrated to be the novel sex pheromone 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole (1).
A STUDY OF THE INTERACTION AND COALESCENCE OF TWO COPLANAR FATIGUE CRACKS IN BENDING (1989)

Abstract— This paper reports the results of an experimental and numerical investigation of the interaction and coalescence of two coplanar semi‐elliptical cracks. Fatigue crack growth data were obtained from a four‐point bend specimen using the direct current potential difference method and a beachmarking technique. A finite element simulation of the experimental conditions was also performed. Crack advance was computed from the Paris equation on a step by step basis. Good agreement between experimental fatigue crack growth data and the finite element predictions is demonstrated.