gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of multiple atmospheric-pressure micro-plasma jets in small arrays: He/O<sub>2</sub>into humid air (2014)

Arrays of atmospheric-pressure plasma jets are being considered as a means to increase the area being treated in surface modification and in plasma medicine in particular. A unique challenge of scaling plasma jet arrays is that individual plasma jets in an array tend to interact with each other, which can lead to quenching of some individual jets. To investigate these potential interactions, a computational study of one-, two- and three-tube arrays of micro-plasma jet arrays was performed. An atmospheric-pressure He/O2 = 99.8/0.2 mixture was flowed through the tubes into humid room air. We found that the jets interact through electrostatic, hydrodynamic and photolytic means. The hydrodynamic interactions result from the merging of individual He channels emerging from individual tubes as air diffuses into the extended gas jets. Ionization waves (IWs) or plasma bullets, which form the jets on the boundaries of an array, encounter higher mole fractions of air earlier compared with the center jet and so are slower or are quenched earlier. The close proximity of the jets produces electrostatic repulsion, which affects the trajectories of the IWs. If the jets are close enough, photoionizing radiation from their neighbors is an additional form of interaction. These interactions are sensitive to the spacing of the jets.
A Conceptual Architecture for Adaptation in Remote Desktop Systems Driven by the User Perception of Multimedia (2005)

Current thin-client remote desktop systems were designed for data-oriented applications over low-quality LAN links and they do not provide satisfactory end-user performance in enterprise environment for more and more popular graphical and multimedia applications. To improve perception of those applications in thin-client environment we propose architecture of a server-side quality of service (QoS) management component responsible for mapping application QoS requirements into network QoS. We analyze how service differentiation and traffic management techniques combined with user perception monitoring can be used in order to adjust network level resource allocation when performance of multimedia applications in remote desktop environment is not meeting user requirements. Our objective is to provide QoS-aware remote desktop systems which will be able to manage available resources in intelligent manner and meet end-user performance expectations
Crystal-Induced Neutrophil Activation: XI. Implication and Novel Roles of Classical Protein Kinase C (2009)

Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals are among the most potent proinflammatory stimuli, and an innate immune inflammatory response to the crystal surface is involved in the pathology of gouty arthritis. Furthermore, MSU crystals have recently been identified as danger signals able to induce the maturation of dendritic cells. Release of the crystals into the joint cavity promotes an acute inflammation characterized by a massive infiltration of neutrophils that leads to tissue damage. Protein kinase C (PKC) represents a family of serine/threonine kinases that play central signaling roles in multiple cellular responses. This family of kinases is divided into three subfamilies based on second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical. Despite their role in signal transduction, very little is known about the involvement of the PKC family in the inflammatory reaction induced by MSU crystals. In the present study, we show that MSU crystals activate conventional PKC isoforms, and that this activation is necessary for the MSU crystal-induced degranulation and generation of a chemotactic activity in the supernatants of MSU crystal-stimulated human neutrophils. Evidence is also obtained that the tyrosine kinase Syk is a substrate of PKC and that the PKC-mediated serine phosphorylation of Syk is necessary to its interaction with the regulatory subunit of PI3K kinases (p85) and thus to the subsequent activation of these lipid kinases. These results suggest novel means of modulating neutrophil responses (through the specific regulation of PKC) during the acute phase of MSU crystal-induced inflammation.
A 10 Gbps eye opening monitor in 65nm CMOS (2015)

Monitoring the eye diagram at the output of an embedded analog adaptive equalizer used in a high speed serial link is challenging. Eye measurement using an external oscilloscope is problematic due to the bandwidth of the test setup. In this work, we describe the working principle and design details of a low cost, on-chip monitor circuit that enables the determination of the eye diagram. The eye opening monitor (EOM), implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process, occupies 0.06 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 5.7 mW from a 1.2 V supply. Measurements demonstrate the efficacy of our techniques.
Zinc ion release from novel hard tissue biomaterials (2004)

Zinc polyalkenoate cements (ZPCs) and glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) are used routinely in dentistry, but have potential for orthopaedic applications as they set at body temperature without shrinkage or significant heat evolution. However, the materials have drawbacks; ZPCs are biocompatible in implant studies, but a fibrous collagen capsular layer forms adjacent to the cement. GPCs are bioactive in the bone environment as a result of the release of calcium, phosphate and fluoride ions, as well as the formation of a silicious gel phase, but research has shown that aluminum ions released result in defective bone mineralisation and as a consequence the ability of these cements to chemically bond to bone is lost. Two approaches have been developed to overcome these problems. The ZPC route considers a ZnO : hydroxyapatite (HA) : poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) mixture, the HA incorporated to improve bioactivity. The GPC route employs a calcium zinc silicate glass; the zinc taking the role that aluminum plays in conventional GPCs. This study has shown that cements can be formulated by an acid base reaction between PAA and both calcium zinc silicate glasses (GPCs) and a mixture of hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide (ZPCs). The moduli of these cements are comparable to both bone and conventional acrylic cements, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications. Unfortunately, both materials have previously been shown to be toxic by cell culture methods, as a result of high zinc ion release, and so it is necessary to study ion release profiles of the cements in order to determine the magnitude of this release. Considering the ZPCs, the modulus of the cement has an inversely proportional relationship to the zinc ion release. From the data presented it is clear that increases in polymer concentration results in lower amounts of zinc ions being released, whilst molar mass of the PAA has no influence. Therefore it would appear that polymer concentration has a significant influence over ion release. Generally, the amount of Zn(2+) released decreases with increasing HA content and/or decreasing ZnO content. Considering the GPCs, the materials are all seen to release large amounts of the active ion, when compared to the commercial versions. The extent of this release increases with temperature and agitation. The release could be minimised by an increased P : L mixing ratio, and an increased PAA concentration, which would produce a more cross-linked cement matrix. Minimising the release of the active ion should improve the in vitro bioactivity of both materials. However, for a full understanding of the clinical benefits of such materials, an in vivo study would be required.
Database query writing paradigm shift through Language Integrated Query System in a trust based framework for Web Services authorization control (2012)

In today's world, the role of the conventional languages is not limited to writing of functions and procedures, but they are extending themselves by integrating a variety of features. Modern languages like C#.NET, JAVA and others are inculcating in themselves features like multicore programming, offline database accessing etc. A similar kind of feature known as Language Integrated Query System (LINQ) is also supported by the modern languages. This can help the programmer(s) to query from multiple data sources like XML, SQL and Objects and it can also help the trust based frameworks where the data is to be searched from the backend. LINQ takes a step further and allows querying of the data from the objects collection. In fact LINQ maps the SQL database tables to Classes and objects and then allows searching for the information just like SQL. LINQ supports compile-time syntax checking, ability to access other data sources like XML and it's very strongly typed. The LINQ approach reduces complexity and allows you to design and debug your queries seamlessly. This paper examines how LINQ can help in querying of the data in the trust based framework through object model approach.
Mitochondria targeted peptide SS-31 prevent on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via regulating mitochondrial ROS-NLRP3 pathway (2020)

SS31 could protect CP-AKI in mices, which might be due to an anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic action via regulating mitochondrial ROS-NLRP3 pathway. NLRP3 inflammasome might be considered as a novel therapeutic target of CP-AKI.
A Robust Power Gating Structure and Power Mode Transition Strategy for MTCMOS Design (2007)

The large magnitude of supply/ground bounces, which arise from power mode transitions in power gating structures, may cause spurious transitions in a circuit. This can result in wrong values being latched in the circuit registers. We propose a design methodology for limiting the maximum value of the supply/ground currents to a user-specified threshold level while minimizing the wake up (sleep to active mode transition) time. In addition to controlling the sudden discharge of the accumulated charge in the intermediate nodes of the circuit through the sleep transistors during the wake up transition, we can eliminate short circuit current and spurious switching activity during this time. This is, in turn, achieved by reducing the amount of charge that must be removed from the intermediate nodes of the circuit and by turning on different parts of the circuit in a way that causes a uniform distribution of current over the wake up time. Simulation results show that, compared to existing wakeup scheduling methods, the proposed techniques result in a 1-2 orders of magnitude improvement in the product of the maximum ground current and the wake up time
The Ocusert Pilocarpine System (1976)

Thirty-four patients with glaucoma were treated with the Ocusert pilocarpine system, a unique method of providing round-the-clock delivery of pilocarpine in the eye for seven-day periods. Advantages of the device include therapeutic effectiveness and continuous release rate, less effect on accommodation, less miosis, convenience for the patient, and reliability in patients who must rely on others for treatment (eg, children and the elderly). Some disadvantages encountered were need for instruction and encouragement of patients; retention difficulties, with some patients unaware when the device was lost; occasional side effects of a cutting sensation (as when the Ocusert sometimes doubles over), movement in the eye, and transient blurring of vision and miosis; and high cost. Overall, when compared to pilocarpine eyedrops, the Ocusert pilocarpine system presents many definite advantages and is a highly desirable method of therapy in selected cases of glaucoma.
Tapping the treasure of intracellular oncotargets with immunotherapy (2013)

It is commonly believed that antibodies are too large (∼150 kDa) to access the intracellular compartment. Therefore, therapeutic antibodies have been traditionally used to target cell surface receptors or soluble proteins in the circulation, leaving a large intracellular treasure of potential cancer-specific targets untapped. This review offers new perspectives on our recently proposed concept that antibodies can be used to target intracellular tumor antigens for anti-cancer therapy. We propose to vastly expand the repertoire of potential targets for cancer immunotherapy since many excellent cancer targets are inside cells.
Wavelength multiplexing of microelectromechanical system pressure and temperature sensors using fiber Bragg gratings and arrayed waveguide gratings (2003)

Wavelength multiplexing of optically interrogated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) pressure and temperature sensors using both fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) is demonstrated. The multiplexed sensor system using FBGs has the potential to multiplex about 70 sensors, depending on the FBG bandwidth and the one using AWGs has the potential to multiplex about eight sensors, depending on the number of AWG channels and the bandwidth of each channel. A dual-wavelength method incorporating a tunable laser is used to interrogate either the applied pressure or temperature experienced by the sensor, while a three-wavelength method can be used to simultaneously interrogate pressure and temperature. The Fabry-Perot cavity-based pressure sensors and temperature sensors are designed and fabricated using MEMS techniques. Experimental results, including response as a function of pressure or temperature, are characterized by good agreement between experimental and theoretical results. There is no observable crosstalk between the multiplexed sensors.
Child care: watch this space. (2012)

Child care is something that at times all parents struggle to obtain. Shift workers in particular find it difficult to access 24 hour child care and it is a subject the union has been in discussion with the federal government.
AMP-activated protein kinase signaling in metabolic regulation (2006)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor that regulates cellular metabolism. When activated by a deficit in nutrient status, AMPK stimulates glucose uptake and lipid oxidation to produce energy, while turning off energy-consuming processes including glucose and lipid production to restore energy balance. AMPK controls whole-body glucose homeostasis by regulating metabolism in multiple peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissues, and pancreatic beta cells--key tissues in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. By responding to diverse hormonal signals including leptin and adiponectin, AMPK serves as an intertissue signal integrator among peripheral tissues, as well as the hypothalamus, in the control of whole-body energy balance.
Intellectual property law (2015)

1. Introduction to intellectual property and common themes 2. Copyright and neighbouring rights 3. Computer programmes and databases 4. Moral rights 5. Performers' rights 6. Trade secrets and confidential information 7. Patents 8. Designs 9. Passing-off and trade marks
A Potent Anti-HIV Immunotoxin Blocks Spreading Infection by Primary HIV Type 1 Isolates in Multiple Cell Types (2004)

Although several immunotoxins that selectively kill HIV-1-infected cells have been described, their clinical utility is limited by low potency against spreading viral infection. We show here that changing the carboxyterminal sequence of an anti-HIV-1 envelope immunotoxin to the consensus endoplasmic reticulum retention sequence KDEL substantially improves its ability to block infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by primary HIV-1 isolates without increasing nonspecific toxicity. Polychromatic flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) infected with an HIV-1-GFP reporter virus demonstrated that the improved immunotoxin is active against a variety of primary cell types including memory T cells, NK-T cells, and monocyte/macrophages. The subnanomolar potency of this agent suggests that it could be clinically useful either as an adjuvant to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in drug-resistant patients or to reduce the reservoir of latently infected cells that is implicated in HIV-1 persistence.
Metal Complexes of Biologically Important Ligands, CLXXIV [1]. Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes with Schiff Bases from 2-(Diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde and α-Amino Acid Esters (2010)

A series of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes Cl 2 M(P-N-O) (M = Pd, Pt) with bidentate Schiff bases (P-N-O) from 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde and α-amino acid esters has been synthesized, using PdCl 2 or K[PtCl 3 (C 2 H 4 )], respectively. Abstraction of chloride from Cl 2 M(P-N-O) (using AgBF 4 ) has afforded the cationic complexes [(P-N-O)M(Cl)] + BF 4 − in which the Schiff bases function as tridentate ligands with coordination of the ester group. The structures of Cl 2 Pd(Ph 2 PC 6 H 4 C(H)=N-CH 2 CO 2 Et) and of [(Cl)Pd(Ph 2 PC 6 H 4 C(H)=NC(H)(CH 2 CH=CH 2 )CO 2 Me)] + BF 4 − have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Complexes (L)MCl 2 and [(L)MCl] + BF 4 (M = Pd, Pt) have also been prepared with the reduced Schiff base Ph 2 PC 6 H 4 CH 2 NHC(H)(CH 2 Ph)CO 2 Me.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Syntheses of 9‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)‐9<i>H</i>‐carbazoles through a Tandem CH Activation/CX (X=C or N) Formation Process (2011)

A new one-pot synthesis of 9-(pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazoles through the simultaneous C-H activation and palladium(II)-catalyzed cross-coupling of N-phenylpyridin-2-amines with potassium aryltrifluoroborates is presented. Silver acetate and 1,4-dioxane proved to be the best oxidant and solvent, respectively. The product yields fluctuated from modest to excellent and the reaction showed sufficient functional group tolerance. p-Benzoquinone served as an important ligand for the transmetalation and reductive elimination steps in the catalytic process. The kinetic isotope effects (k(H)/k(D)) for the first and second C-H activation/C-C or C-N formation steps were measured as 2.14 and 1.18, respectively. Finally, a rational catalytic mechanism is presented based on all experimental evidence.
Introduction: Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression (1995)

Herniated disc disease has an incidence of 1.7% in the U.S. Heretofore, open operative procedures were the rule for this condition when conservative measures were ineffective. Choy and Ascher introduced this new technique in February 1986 using a Nd:YAG laser introduced into the disc through an optical fiber in a needle. Percutaneous laser disc decompression is based on the principle that in an enclosed hydraulic space, such as an intact disc, a small reduction in volume is associated with a disproportionate fall in pressure. In the disc, this partial vacuum causes the herniated portion to move away from the nerve root back toward the center of the disc. This technique has been taught worldwide and is being performed in most of Europe, Japan, the United States, and Korea. In this special issue devoted to percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD), we will set forth the basic science of PLDD, patient selection, use of the holmium:YAG, and the Nd:YAG lasers, operative technique, and results.
Identification of Ste4 as a Potential Regulator of Byr2 in the Sexual Response Pathway of <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> (1996)

A conserved MAP kinase cascade is central to signal transduction in both simple and complex eukaryotes. In the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Byr2, a homolog of mammalian MAPK/ERK kinase kinase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE11, is required for pheromone-induced sexual differentiation. A screen for S. pombe proteins that interact with Byr2 in a two-hybrid system led to the isolation of Ste4, a protein that is known to be required for sexual function. Ste4 binds to the regulatory region of Byr2. This binding site is separable from the binding site for Ras1. Both Ste4 and Ras1 act upstream of Byr2 and act at least partially independently. Ste4 contains a leucine zipper and is capable of homotypic interaction. Ste4 has regions of homology with STE50, an S. cerevisiae protein required for sexual differentiation that we show can bind to STE11.
Electronic health records in a Blockchain: A systematic review (2019)

Blockchain could reinvent the way patient's electronic health records are shared and stored by providing safer mechanisms for health information exchange of medical data in the healthcare industry, by securing it over a decentralized peer-to-peer network. Intending to support and ease the understanding of this distributed ledger technology, a solid Systematic Literature Review was conducted, aiming to explore the recent literature on Blockchain and healthcare domain and identify existing challenges and open questions, guided by the raise of research questions regarding EHR in a Blockchain. More than 300 scientific studies published in the last ten years were surveyed, resulting in an up-to-date taxonomy creation, challenges and open questions identified, and the most significant approaches, data types, standards and architectures regarding the use of Blockchain for EHR were assessed and discussed.
An adaptive multichannel OLSR routing protocol based on topology maintenance (2006)

Network topology is essential for link-state routing protocols to discovery routes. It is acquired by periodical exchanging of update messages of topology. In wireless sensor networks, because of the moving of nodes, OLSR routing protocol will encounter topology's missing and route table's lacking. Hereto, we presented OLSR-TM, an adaptive multichannel OLSR routing protocol based on topology maintenance. It introduced topology's perceiving and adaptive controlling into OLSR to adjust the transmission frequency of control messages and the transmission velocity of data, Theoretic analysis and simulation results show that OLSR-TM can address the foresaid problems and improve routing performance apparently.
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (2004)

The current imaging technique and clinical application of MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is reviewed. MRCP has evolved into a feasible method of non-invasively evaluating the pancreaticobiliary system and has considerable clinical utility. If endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is incomplete or has failed, or in patients with biliary and gastrointestinal surgical procedures, MRCP is a useful alternative modality. In the near future, MRCP may supplant diagnostic ERCP such that ERCP is reserved primarily for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, when MRCP is performed in conjunction with abdominal MR and MR angiography, the 'all-in-one' examination can evaluate the solid organs and vessels of the abdomen as well as the ductal systems.
Genomic sharing surrounding alleles identical by descent: Effects of genetic drift and population growth (1997)

The number of identical deleterious mutations present in a population may become very large, depending on the combined effect of genetic drift, population growth and limited negative selection. The distribution of the length of the shared area between two random chromosomes carrying the mutations has been investigated for a number of generations varying from 20-100 since introduction. The consequences for investigations using association and haplotype sharing methods are discussed.