gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide activation of Erk1/2 regulates the stability and translation of mRNA transcripts containing CU-rich elements (2006)

Nitric oxide (NO*) can stabilize mRNA by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Here, transcript stabilization by NO* was investigated in human THP-1 cells using microarrays. After LPS pre-stimulation, cells were treated with actinomycin D and then exposed to NO* without or with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 (SB). The decay of 220 mRNAs was affected; most were stabilized by NO*. Unexpectedly, SB often enhanced rather than antagonized transcript stability. NO* activated p38 MAPK and Erk1/2; SB blocked p38 MAPK, but further activated Erk1/2. RT-PCR confirmed that NO* and SB could additively stabilize certain mRNA transcripts, an effect abolished by Erk1/2 inhibition. In affected genes, these responses were associated with CU-rich elements (CURE) in 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR). NO* stabilized the mRNA of a CURE-containing reporter gene, while repressing translation. Dominant-negative Mek1, an Erk1/2 inhibitor, abolished this effect. NO* similarly stabilized, but blocked translation of MAP3K7IP2, a natural CURE-containing gene. NO* increased hnRNP translocation to the cytoplasm and binding to CURE. Over-expression of hnRNP K, like NO*, repressed translation of CURE-containing mRNA. These findings define a sequence-specific mechanism of NO*-triggered gene regulation that stabilizes mRNA, but represses translation.
Diastereomixture and Racemate of <i>m</i><i>yo</i>-Inositol Derivatives, Stronger Organogelators than the Corresponding Homochiral Isomers (2004)

Contrary to the usually accepted phenomena, an optically heterogeneous 1:1 diastereomixture of DS and LS and a racemate of LS and DR obtained, respectively, from a racemic myo-inositol derivative and (S)- and racemic O-acetylmandelic acid formed stronger organogels, especially with aromatic fluids, than those formed from homochiral isomers, DS and LS. One of the plausible reasons for the formation of the stronger diastereomeric gel is shown to be the complementary interaction of two diastereomers.
Topoisomerase II-mediated site-directed alkylation of DNA by psorospermin and its use in mapping other topoisomerase II poison binding sites (1998)

Psorospermin is a plant natural product that shows significant in vivo activity against P388 mouse leukemia. The molecular basis for this selectivity is unknown, although psorospermin has been demonstrated to intercalate into DNA and alkylate N7 of guanine. Significantly, the alkylation reactivity of psorospermin at specific sites on DNA increased 25-fold in the presence of topoisomerase II. In addition, psorospermin trapped the topoisomerase II-cleaved complex formation at the same site. These results imply that the efficacy of psorospermin is related to its interaction with the topoisomerase II-DNA complex. Because thermal treatment of (N7 guanine)-DNA adducts leads to DNA strand breakage, we were able to determine the site of alkylation of psorospermin within the topoisomerase II gate site and infer that intercalation takes place at the gate site between base pairs at the +1 and +2 positions. These results provide not only additional mechanistic information on the mode of action of the anticancer agent psorospermin but also structural insights into the design of an additional class of topoisomerase II poisons. Because the alkylation site for psorospermin in the presence of topoisomerase II can be assigned unambiguously and the intercalation site inferred, this drug is a useful probe for other topoisomerase poisons where the sites for interaction are less well defined.
Phenotypic analysis of cell surface markers and gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes during monolayer expansion (2008)

Both chondrocytes and mensenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most used cell sources for cartilage tissue engineering. However, monolayer expansion to obtain sufficient cells leads to a rapid chondrocyte dedifferentiation and a subsequent ancillary reduced ability of MSCs to differentiate into chondrocytes, thus limiting their application in cartilage repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the monolayer expansion on the immunophenotype and the gene expression profile of both cell types, and to find the appropriate compromise between monolayer expansion and the remaining chondrogenic characteristics. To this end, human chondrocytes, isolated enzymatically from femoral head slice, and human MSCs, derived from bone marrow, were maintained in monolayer culture up to passage 5. The respective expressions of cell surface markers (CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166) and several chondrogenic-related genes for each passage (P0-P5) of those cells were then analyzed using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Flow cytometry analyses showed that, during the monolayer expansion, some qualitative and quantitative regulations occur for the expression of cell surface markers. A rapid increase in mRNA expression of type 1 collagen occurs whereas a significant decrease of type 2 collagen and Sox 9 was observed in chondrocytes through the successive passages. On the other hand, the expansion did not induced obvious change in MSCs gene expression. In conclusion, our results suggest that passage 1 might be the up-limit for chondrocytes in order to achieve their subsequent redifferentiation in 3D scaffold. Nevertheless, MSCs could be expanded in monolayer until passage 5 without loosing their undifferentiated phenotypes.
High-resolution, on-chip RF photonic signal processor using Brillouin gain shaping and RF interference (2017)

Integrated microwave photonics has strongly emerged as a next-generation technology to address limitations of conventional RF electronics for wireless communications. High-resolution RF signal processing still remains a challenge due to limitations in technology that offer sub-GHz spectral resolution, in particular at high carrier frequencies. In this paper, we present an on-chip high-resolution RF signal processor, capable of providing high-suppression spectral filtering, large phase shifts and ns-scale time delays. This was achieved through tailoring of the Brillouin gain profiles using Stokes and anti-Stokes resonances combined with RF interferometry on a low-loss photonic chip with strong opto-acoustic interactions. Using an optical power of <40 mW, reconfigurable filters with a bandwidth of ~20 MHz and an extinction ratio in excess of 30 dB are synthesized. Through the concept of vector addition of RF signals we demonstrate, almost an order of magnitude amplification in the phase and delay compared to devices purely based upon the slow-light effect of Brillouin scattering. This concept allows for versatile and power-efficient manipulation of the amplitude and phase of RF signals on a photonic chip for applications in wireless communications including software defined radios and beam forming.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES of A RASPBERRY PRODUCT TEXTURIZED WITH ALGINATE (1990)

Calcium alginate gels (1% algin) with and without agar (1%) as a presetting agent were used to form the matrix for a texturized raspberry product containing 2–8% raspberry pulp. the addition of the pulp resulted in a mechanically weaker product as compared to the pure gels, and the loss of strength increased with the pulp concentration. the agar did not have an appreciable effect on the product's strength but it made them, comparatively, more brittle and stiffer. Although full equilibration of the gels and products took about 48 h or more, all their main mechanical features could be determined in tests performed after 24 h only.
Immunoassay of Thyroxine in Unextracted Human Serum (1973)

A method for the immunoassay of thyroxine (T4) in unextracted human serum is presented. Thyroxine-binding antibody was obtained by immunization of a rabbit with bovine thyroglobulin. Sodium salicylate is used to block the binding of both labeled and unlabeled T4 to serum thyroxine-binding proteins. Bound and free labeled hormone are separated by adsorption to dextran-coated charcoal. The method is sufficiently sensitive to allow duplicate determinations at two dilutions using 20 μ1 of serum. The precision of the method is comparable to the competitive protein binding assay and there is excellent correlation between the estimation of T4 by these two methods (correlation coefficient, 0.97) in all clinical states.
Infra-red spectroscopy transformed - New applications in wood and pulping chemistry. (1988)

On presente les nouvelles possibilites d'utilisation de la spectrometrie IR (en particulier FTIR) pour l'etude chimique du bois et de la fabrication du papier
A miniaturized high-voltage solar cell array as an electrostatic MEMS power supply (1995)

A hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cell array that is designed as an on-board power source for electrostatic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is presented. A single cell consists of a triple layer of p-i-n/p-i-n/p-i-n a-Si:H and produces an open circuit voltage (V/sub OC/) of 1.8/spl sim/2.3 V, a short circuit current density (J/sub SC/) of 2.8 mA/cm/sup 2/, and fill factor (FF) of 0.495. A series interconnected array of 100 single solar cells (total array area of 1 cm/sup 2/) is fabricated in an integrated fashion and produces an array V/sub OC/ of 150 V, and array short circuit current (I/sub SC/) of 2.8 /spl mu/A under Air Mass (AM) 1.5 illumination. To demonstrate the usefulness of this solar cell array as an on-board power source for electrostatically driven micromachined devices, it has been packaged with a movable micromachined silicon (Si) mirror in a hybrid manner. The movable Si mirror is directly driven by the cell array electrical output, and the motion of the mirror plate has been observed reproducibly. Variation of light intensity and/or number of illuminated cells produces different values of array V/sub OC/, thus enabling control of the deflection of the Si mirror by variation of incident light intensity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A motion vector recovery algorithm for digital video using lagrange interpolation (2003)

In this paper, we propose an efficient motion vector recovery algorithm for the new coding standard H.264, which makes use of the Lagrange interpolation formula. In H.264, a 16/spl times/16 inter macroblock can be divided into different block shapes for motion estimation, and each block has its own motion vector. For nature video the movement within a small area is likely to move in the same direction, hence the neighboring motion vectors are correlative. Because the motion vector in H.264 covers smaller area than previous coding standards, the correlation between neighboring motion vectors increases. We can use the Lagrange interpolation formula to constitute a polynomial that describes the motion tendency of motion vectors, which are next to the lost motion vector, and use this polynomial to recover the lost motion vector. The simulation result shows that our algorithm can efficiently improve the visual quality of corrupted video.
<title>Vertical-cavity lasers and their application to laser printing</title> (1997)

We present the primary laser printing system performance issues which are the driving forces for multiple beam laser printing. Although edge emitting semiconductor lasers have allowed progress in this area, vertical cavity lasers have substantial advantage in the longer term. We further present needs and issues with VCSEL performance which must be addressed for the application of VCSELs to high performance laser printing. Finally, we explore advanced print architectures which would be enabled by the VCSEL device.
Removing the costs and retaining the benefits of flash-based SSD virtualization with FSDV (2015)

We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of the File System De-Virtualizer (FSDV), a system that dynamically removes a layer of indirection common in modern storage stacks and decreases indirection space and performance costs. FSDV is a flexible, light-weight tool that de-virtualizes data by changing file system pointers to use device physical addresses. When FSDV is not running, the file system and the device both maintain their virtualization layers and perform normal I/O operations. We implement FSDV with ext3 and an emulated flash-based SSD. Our evaluation results show that FSDV can significantly reduce indirection mapping table space in a dynamic way while preserving the foreground I/O performance. We also demonstrate that FSDV only requires small changes to existing storage systems.
Structure and properties of polyurethanes based on halogenated and nonhalogenated soy-polyols (2000)

Four polyols were prepared by a ring opening of epoxidized soybean oil with HCl, HBr, methanol, and by hydrogenation. Two series of polyurethanes were prepared by reacting the polyols with two commercial isocyanates: PAPI and Isonate 2143L. Generally, the properties of the two series were similar. The crosslinking density of the polyurethane networks was analyzed by swelling in toluene. Brominated polyols and their corresponding polyurethanes had the highest densities, followed by the chlorinated, methoxylated, and hydrogenated samples. The polyurethanes with brominated and chlorinated polyols had comparable glass transition and strength, somewhat higher than the polyurethane from methoxy containing polyol, while the polyurethane from the hydrogenated polyol had lower glass-transition and mechanical properties. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4062–4069, 2000
Potential artefacts from overlying tissues in <sup>31</sup>p NMR spectra of subcutaneously implanted rat tumours (1989)

31P spectra of rat tumours obtained with surface coils are shown to include skin signals of varying intensity. As reported previously by Stubbs, M., Rodrigues L. M., and Griffiths, J. R., (NMR in Biomedicine 1, 50-55, 1988) three hepatomas (rapidly growing Morris hepatoma 7777 and slow growing 9618A, and the UA hepatoma) had negligible phosphocreatine (PCr) or creatine (Cr) in acid extracts but frequently had PCr signals in surface coil spectra. Prolactinomas and mammary adenocarcinomas, which had significant PCr and Cr in extracts, showed higher PCr/NTP ratios in spectra taken in vivo than in extracts. A phantom for studying skin signals in vivo is described. A glass sphere of typical tumour size (3-4 mL) is implanted subcutaneously in the rat. Variations in skin signal with pulse duration are demonstrated with this phantom. The factors that could contribute to skin artefact in 31P tumour spectra include: (i) the relative concentrations of metabolites in skin and tumour; (ii) the skin thickness, which depends on the implantation site and rat size; (iii) skin invasion by the tumour; (iv) coil design (solenoid coils and Faraday shields are unlikely to eliminate this problem); (v) pulse repetition times; (vi) pulse duration and other NMR parameters. Careful attention to these factors could reduce skin artefacts.
JabberWocky: Crowd-Sourcing Metadata for Files (2009)

Finding relevant files in a personal file system continues to be a challenge. It is still easier to find stuff on the Web with its exponential growth than in one's personal file system. Yet, the exponential growth of personal data renders the current services of personal file systems increasingly inadequate. A reason for this failure is the ldquocold-startrdquo problem: algorithms that dramatically improve a user's ability to find documents on the Web become ineffective in personal file systems because there is not enough information about these documents. We propose JabberWocky, a service that allows users to manage the content of their personal file system by leveraging semantic relationships available on the Web. More specifically, JabberWocky is using keyword/resource associations of social bookmarking web sites as a basis for recommending keywords for files. We chose social bookmarking web sites because of their popularity and because the assignment of keywords (a process also referred to as ldquotaggingrdquo) is an established and popular way to manage photos, music, movies, and audio resources on the Web - very much the kind of resources that need to be managed in personal file systems. The goal of JabberWocky is to overcome the ldquocold-startrdquo problem of personal file systems and to provide recommendations in a scalable way while maintaining the user's privacy. In this work-in-progress report we describe the motivation and challenges of designing a system like JabberWocky, present the initial design of an on-going user study, and briefly discuss what we have learned so far.
Stat3 Activation in Urothelial Stem Cells Leads to Direct Progression to Invasive Bladder Cancer (2012)

Two subtypes of human bladder cancer, noninvasive papillary and muscle-invasive cancer, develop through independent pathologic and molecular pathways. Human invasive bladder cancer frequently develops without prior clinical evidence of a noninvasive tumor stage. However, an animal model that recapitulates this unique clinical progression of invasive bladder cancer has not yet been developed. In this study, we created a novel transgenic mouse model of invasive bladder cancer by targeting an active dimerized form of Stat3 to the basal cells of bladder epithelium. When exposed to the carcinogen nitrosamine, Stat3-transgenic mice developed invasive cancer directly from carcinoma in situ (CIS), bypassing the noninvasive papillary tumor stage. Remarkably, invasive bladder cancer driven by active Stat3 was predominantly composed of stem cells, which were characterized by cytokeratin 14 (CK14) staining and enhanced tumor sphere-forming ability. Active Stat3 was also shown to localize to the nucleus of human invasive bladder cancers that were primarily composed of CK14+ stem cells. Together, our findings show that Stat3-induced stem cell expansion plays a critical role in the unique clinical progression of invasive bladder cancer through the CIS pathway.
qian xi cheng shi bian yuan qu tu di li yong de gui hua she ji yao dian (2015)

当前我国的城市化进程逐年加快,有限的土地资源出现了供不应求的状况,面对新的历史环境,城市边缘区如何进行合理有效的利用成为了相关专家和学者需要探讨的问题.本文从现阶段城市边缘区土地利用过程中存在的问题出发,对城市边缘区的土地利用规划进行相关分析,以供参考.
Neutral protein‐degrading enzymes in experimental fracture callus: A preliminary report (1989)

The process of endochondral fracture healing is biochemically similar to growth plate calcification. Recent studies have identified potentially important roles for proteoglycan-degrading enzymes in the growth plate. The purpose of the study described herein was to identify, in healing fractures, neutral enzyme activities capable of degrading proteoglycans and other matrix proteins. Two sets of 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent the production of closed femoral fractures. Calluses were retrieved at timed intervals, and cell and matrix vesicle fractions were prepared for electron microscopy, neutral peptidase, and alkaline phosphatase assays. In another group of 10 animals, fractions were prepared from 14-day calluses and examined for proteoglycanase activity. In the cell fractions, alkaline phosphatase, alanyl-beta-naphthylamidase, aminopeptidase, and endopeptidase activities showed somewhat parallel distributions peaking at approximately 14-17 days. In the matrix vesicle fractions, similar relative distributions were observed for alkaline phosphatase and endopeptidase. However, here the peak activities occurred up to 3 days later than they did in the cell fractions. Significant proteoglycanase activity was confirmed in both cell and matrix vesicle fractions. These findings are consistent with the hypotheses that (a) neutral peptidases, by virtue of their temporal expression in parallel with alkaline phosphatase, may be involved in preparing fracture callus matrix for calcification; and (b) matrix vesicles may convey certain of these enzymes to sites of both matrix degradation and calcification, since the same activities found in cells are found in matrix vesicles a few days later. The possibility that some of these enzymes are involved in growth factor activation remains to be investigated.
A Decision Tree Approach to Data Classification using Signal Temporal Logic (2016)

This paper introduces a framework for inference of timed temporal logic properties from data. The dataset is given as a finite set of pairs of finite-time system traces and labels, where the labels indicate whether the traces exhibit some desired behavior (e.g., a ship traveling along a safe route). We propose a decision-tree based approach for learning signal temporal logic classifiers. The method produces binary decision trees that represent the inferred formulae. Each node of the tree contains a test associated with the satisfaction of a simple formula, optimally tuned from a predefined finite set of primitives. Optimality is assessed using heuristic impurity measures, which capture how well the current primitive splits the data with respect to the traces' labels. We propose extensions of the usual impurity measures from machine learning literature to handle classification of system traces by leveraging upon the robustness degree concept. The proposed incremental construction procedure greatly improves the execution time and the accuracy compared to existing algorithms. We present two case studies that illustrate the usefulness and the computational advantages of the algorithms. The first is an anomaly detection problem in a maritime environment. The second is a fault detection problem in an automotive powertrain system.
[Observation of the biodegradation of domestic poly-DL-lactic acid plates in vivo] (1999)

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the degradation and related factors of domestic poly-DL-lactic acid(PDLLA) plates in vivo. METHODS: The artifical transverse fractures in mandibular bodies of dogs were created and internal fixed with domestic PDLLA plates as experimental group,the implanted PDLLA plates in femurs as control.A certain time after the operation,the plates in fractured and implanted regions were collected and undertaken macroscopy and scanning electromicroscopy(SEM),meanwhile the fracture-healing status was evaluated. RESULTS: With time going on,the surface of domestic PDLLA plates y and density of micro-holes among poly-DL-lactic acid molecules in the PDLLA plates increased gradually.16-20 weeks Domestic PDLLA plates can be gradually biodegradation in vivo,in which it is correspondent with and accelerative the fracture-healing process.
Novel unstable resonator configuration with a self-filtering aperture: experimental characterization of the Nd:YAG loaded cavity (1985)

A novel cavity design based on a confocal negative branch unstable resonator configuration is presented. A proper choice for the size of the field limiting aperture, set at the common focal plane of the mirrors, results in removal of the hot spot inside the cavity and in the smoothing of the spatial profile of the oscillating mode. Application of this scheme to a pulsed Nd:YAG oscillator is thoroughly characterized in a variety of operational modes (fixed-Q, Q-switching, mode-locking). The main results are a high efficiency of energy extraction and excellent phase and amplitude profiles of the output beam, which shows real transform-limited performances.