gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frequency synthesizer system implementation for digital radar (2018)

This paper presents the implementation of a frequency synthesizer based on a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) system for an architecture that aims to miniaturize a digital radar test bed previously implemented using discrete microwave components. The designed synthesizer was capable of providing three distinct frequencies of 800 MHz, 2.0 GHz, and 2.4 GHz to respective chips of a digital radar system while minimizing the number of components needed. The paper focuses on obtaining the three distinct frequencies from a single PLL and frequency divider circuits. The issues caused by the loading of chips are addressed, allowing the three frequencies to be fed to 18 different chips. The final result consists of a PLL connected to an integrated circuits of dividers to output the three frequencies.
Opportunistic splitting algorithms for wireless networks (2004)

We develop medium access control protocols to enable users in a wireless network to opportunistically transmit when they have favorable channel conditions, without requiring a centralized scheduler. We consider approaches that use splitting algorithms to resolve collisions over a sequence of minislots, and determine the user with the best channel. First, we present a basic algorithm for a system with i.i.d. block fading and a fixed number of backlogged users. We give an analysis of the throughput of this system and show that the average number of minislots required to find the user with the best channel is less than 2.5 independent of the number of users or the fading distribution. We then extend this algorithm to a channel with memory and also develop a reservation based scheme that offers improved performance as the channel memory increases. Finally we consider a model with random arrivals and propose a modified algorithm for this case. Simulation results are given to illustrate the performance in each of these settings.
A GaAs 32-bit adder (2002)

Presents a new parallel GaAs 32-bit adder based on a combination of the Han-Carlson (1987) and Kowalczuk (1991) parallel adders. GaAs is particularly sensitive to loading, so our aim was to reduce the wire lengths and the fanout of each gate. Our architecture achieves this by significantly reducing the number of cells in the carry tree while not significantly reducing its speed. The delay of the adder fabricated in 0.6 /spl mu/m MESFET GaAs technology was measured at 1.27 ns, with a power dissipation of 114 mW at 0.9 V. The area is 0.3 mm/sup 2/ with a maximum density of 8000 transistors/mm/sup 2/. The figure of merit is 0.21 /spl mu/W/MHz/spl middot/gate.
Simulator for Priority based Scheduling of Resources in Cloud Computing (2016)

The resource management system is the central component of cloud computing. A resource management system matches requests to resources, schedules the matched resources, and executes the requests using scheduled resources. Resource allocation and resource scheduling is considered as very important part of resource management system. This paper discusses priority based scheduling technique on heterogeneous resources in cloud computing based upon PERT technology. This scheduling model minimizes the completion time, makespan.
Diminished immune response in sun-damaged skin (1980)

• In previously sensitized volunteers, higher concentrations of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene were necessary to elicit positive patch test reactions on the sundamaged skin of the neck than on the protected skin of the upper part of the back. This difference was not found in subjects without evidence of sun damage, and there was no difference between sundamaged and nondamaged skin in response to a primary irritant. Responses to intradermally injected common antigens were also less intense in sun-damaged skin than in nonexposed skin. These findings suggest the existence of a local defect in cell-mediated immunity in skin altered by long-term sun exposure. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>116:559-561, 1980)
Structure and Properties of Novel Asymmetric Biphenyl Type Polyimides. Homo- and Copolymers and Blends (1998)

Asymmetric biphenyl type polyimides (PI) were prepared by thermal imidization of polyamic acids (PAA) derived from 2,3,3‘,4‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) or 4,4‘-oxydianiline (ODA). The dynamic mechanical properties of these PIs were compared with those of the isomeric PIs derived from symmetric 3,4,3‘,4‘-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA). a-BPDA/PDA polyimide has a considerably bent chain structure compared to semirigid s-BPDA/PDA. Nevertheless, the a-BPDA/PDA film annealed at 350 °C showed a higher Tg than the s-BPDA/PDA film prepared under the same conditions. When these PIs were annealed at 400 °C, a-BPDA/PDA exhibited an abrupt E‘ decrease at the Tg (=410 °C) as well as the counterpart annealed at 350 °C, whereas s-BPDA/PDA showed no distinct Tg in the E‘ curve. Similar annealing effects were also observed for the ODA systems. The unexpectedly higher Tg's of a-BPDA-based PIs could be explained in terms of the more restricted conformational change through the crank shaft-like motion. The difference between the extents of the E‘ decrease at the Tg for a- and s-BPDA-based PIs is attributed to the difference of the intensity of intermolecular interactions. The blends of s-BPDA/PDA with a-BPDA-based PI (80/20) and the corresponding copolyimide improved the insufficient thermal processability of homo s-BPDA/PDA without causing a decrease in Tg. The results revealed that, for semirigid s-BPDA/PDA, a-BPDA-based PIs are better matrix polymers than s-BPDA/ODA.
Estimation of the radiation and SAR characteristics of the NHA at 150 MHz by use of the cylindroid whole body phantom (2002)

A cylindroid whole body human phantom is proposed for the evaluation of the radiation and SAR characteristics of 150 MHz normal mode helical antennas (NHAs) with short axial length. The characteristics of the impedance, the maximum radiation gain. and the local peak SAR have been estimated using the unique phantom. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results for not only the calculation but also the human body. Therefore we may say that this phantom can simulate the whole human body. Another purpose of this study is to estimate the SAR of the commercial radio terminal of 5 W output power. The result obtained by the thermographic method shows that the peak SAR values are less than 1.0 W/kg in the actual practical situation.
Proteolytic enzyme activities in rat peritoneal exudate. (1991)

Proteinase activities in rat thioglycollate elicited peritoneal cells and the cell-free supernatant (lavage fluid) were measured by using the following substrates: Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-Methyl-Coumarin-Amide (for cathepsin G or chymase), Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-AMC (for elastase or elastase-like), Z-Arg-Arg-AMC (for cathepsin B), haemoglobin (for cathepsin D) and Ala-AMC (for alanine-aminopeptidase: AAP). The enzyme activities were correlated to the quantitative distribution of various cell types in the exudate from 0 to 192 nd h. In the supernatant all the examined activities showed a higher value at 72nd h. In the cells activity of chymase and AAP proved to be very high at 0 h but after four h the activities were dropped. From this time all enzyme activities started to elevate till the 24th h. At the 96th h only the activity of cathepsin B and AAP had a high value. We conclude that the intracellular activation and secretion of proteolytic enzymes characteristic for the various peritoneal cell types involved in the acute and chronic inflammatory reaction can be followed by activity measurements using enzyme-specific substrates and inhibitors.
Downhole Deployment Valve Addresses Problems Associated with Tripping Drill Pipe During Underbalanced Drilling Operations (2002)

Abstract Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) is becoming more widely used and accepted because of the many benefits it provides such as: Limitations to the formation damage common in regular overbalanced drilling.Increased rates of penetration.Increased production rates and in some cases production while drilling which can provide early cash flow and enhance economics. However with these advantages come some drawbacks, the chief among which is the safety of the operation while tripping the drill pipe into and out of the well. Since the well is allowed to flow in traditional UBD operations a flowing or shut in pressure results in the well. Any significant pressure at surface requires that special precautions be taken during tripping operations to control formation pressure. Several techniques can be used among which are: Killing the well, this provides for safe tripping but can obviate the very reason for using UBD - formation damage can result.Flowing the well, this can lead to a dangerous situation if a sloughing formation forms a temporary bridge in the annulus.A Snubbing unit can be employed, this enhances safety but can add considerably to the operational cost. It is clear that a better and safer method is needed, since all the above carry disadvantages, and to this end a new method involving a downhole valve was conceived. In this approach a full opening valve which can be closed below the drill string while tripping, is deployed downhole below the "pipe light" depth and operated from surface by way of a hydraulic control bundle. This paper will review the concept of the Downhole Deployment Valve (DDV), its design and operation. The authors will go on to provide details of the first field trial of the a 7" 26lbs/ft full opening valve in a multilateral well which was drilled underbalanced in the James Lime play in East Texas/Northwest Louisiana. They will conclude that this device can provide major enhancement to a UBD operation without in any way compromising its advantages.
Mechanism of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: Effects of major structural features of cellulose on enzymatic hydrolysis (1980)

Abstract The susceptibility of cellulose to enzymatic hydrolysis is affected by the structural features of cellulosic materials. It has been suggested that the crystallinity and surface area of cellulose fibers are the most important structural features in this regard. This study investigated in depth the relative effects of these two structural features upon the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and the change of the structural parameters of cellulose during the course of hydrolysis. It was found that the hydrolysis rate is mainly dependent upon the fine structural order of cellulose which can best be represented by the crystallinity rather than the simple surface area. Monitoring the changes in the structural parameters during the course of reaction showed that surface area is not a major limiting factor that slows hydrolysis in its late stages as has been suggested. This information concerning structural features is used to elucidate the mode of action of cellulase.
Stability of Diblock Copolymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Thin Films (2000)

The stability of thin film nanocomposites on silicon substrates, formed from mixtures of a symmetric diblock copolymer blended with layered silicate nanocomposites, was investigated using a combination of optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two cases examined are polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) blended with montmorillonite, modified with stoichiometric amounts of alkylammonium surfactant chains, OLS(S), and PS-b-PMMA blended with montmorillonite, modified with excess alkylammonium, OLS(E). While the phase behavior of the OLS(S)/copolymer is similar to that observed in bulk studies, that of the OLS(E)/copolymer system is different. We show that an exchange occurs between surfactant molecules in the OLS(E) system with copolymer chains and that the surfactant molecules form a separate layer on the substrate, resulting in a destabilization of the film.
Genetic variants of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 and transcription factor 7-like 2 are not associated with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women (2010)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women that shares many genetic features with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7756992 in cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1), rs290487 and rs11196218 in transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), were recently identified. The aim of this study was to test whether these loci are also associated with PCOS. We recruited 826 patients with PCOS and 620 healthy controls for case-control analysis. The genotypes of these three SNPs were identified. The relationships between PCOS-related clinical endocrine and metabolic features and genotypes were also analyzed. Genotype distribution of these three loci in case and control groups showed no deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies were found between patients with PCOS and healthy controls. No associations were observed between genotypes of the three SNPs and the clinical endocrine and metabolic features of patients with PCOS in case group after adjustment for body mass index. We concluded that rs7756992 in CDKAL1, rs290487 and rs11196218 in TCF7L2 have no associations with PCOS or PCOS-related clinical features.
Legion-a view from 50,000 feet (1996)

The coming of giga-bit networks makes possible the realization of a single nationwide virtual computer comprised of a variety of geographically distributed high-performance machines and workstations. To realize the potential that the physical infrastructure provides, software must be developed that is easy to use, supports a large degree of parallelism in the application code, and manages the complexity of the underlying physical system for the user. Legion is a metasystem project at the University of Virginia designed to provide users with a transparent interface to the available resources, both at the programming interface level as well as at the user level. Legion addresses issues such as parallelism, fault-tolerance, security, autonomy, heterogeneity, resource management and access transparency in a multi-language environment. In this paper, we present a high-level overview of Legion, its vision, objectives, a brief sketch of how some of those objectives will be met, and the current status of the project.
The provenances of your simulation data (2009)

This paper proposes a set of principles for an international database of building materials that would meet Quality Criteria for use in building performance simulation. The proposal draws inspiration from the International Glazing Data Base, but suggests that this inspiration goes as far as the quality assurance goal, not the practice. Rather than propose new means of storage of existing information, or new means of guaranteeing the quality of that data, it proposes instead that all data used in simulation should have an associated quality score based upon the quality of the tests used to derive the data; the quality of the testing laboratory; and the reliability of the error estimates. It includes
Randomised clinical trial: a placebo‐controlled study of subcutaneous or intradermal NEXVAX2, an investigational immunomodulatory peptide therapy for coeliac disease (2019)

Subcutaneous and intradermal dosing of Nexvax2 yield similar bioavailability of constituent peptides; subcutaneous dose escalation avoids an immune response to dominant gluten epitopes.
iDental: A Haptic-Based Dental Simulator and Its Preliminary User Evaluation (2011)

Performance evaluation is indispensable for a surgical simulator to become acceptable. A haptics-based dental simulator (iDental) has been developed and preliminary user evaluation on its first-generation prototype has been carried out to gain the knowledge. Based on detailed requirement analysis of Periodontics procedures, a combined evaluation method including qualitative and quantitative analysis was designed. Construct validity was used to compare the performance difference between two groups of participants (faculty members and dental graduate students). These participants were required to perform three periodontal examination and treatment procedures including periodontal pocket probing, calculus detection, and removal. From the evaluation results, we found that penetration between tool and teeth or cheek will greatly decrease the fidelity of the simulation, therefore, it is necessary to utilize 6-DOF haptic device with both force and torque feedback in dental simulator, and accordingly it is needed to extend point-based rendering to 6-DOF haptic rendering of multiregion contacts. Furthermore, several other key research topics that will enable haptic technology to be effective in a practical dental simulator were identified, including simulation of deformable body such as tongue and gingival, and simulation of occlusion of tongue and cheek on teeth, etc.
Adjuvant Therapy for Colon Cancer in the New Millenium (2003)

A significant proportion of patients with colon cancer who undergo curative surgical resection develop metastatic disease. Over the last 20 years large prospective randomised studies have demonstrated a clear survival benefit for patients with stage III colon cancer who are treated with adjuvant 5FU based chemotherapy. At the present time 6 months of 5FU and leucovorin is generally considered the standard adjuvant therapy. For stage II disease the routine use of adjuvant treatment remains controversial. Newer drugs such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and the oral fluoropyrimidines have proven active in advanced colorectal cancer and are currently being evaluated in the adjuvant setting. Molecular markers for this disease are being identified and may help define those patients who would benefit from therapy. The integration of adjuvant immunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy offers the potential to improve the long-term outcome for surgically resected colon cancer.
Evaluation of click-evoked oto-acoustic emissions in the newborn (1991)

Click-evoked oto-acoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) have been recorded in 723 babies taken largely from a neonatal intensive care unit to evaluate the use of oto-acoustic emissions as a method of screening for hearing impairment. Twenty-nine infants failed to pass the initial ABR test and repeat ABR tests carried out up to the age of 3 months. The 'sensitivity' and 'specificity' of the oto-acoustic emission test for the ABR test results up to 3 months of age in surviving infants were 93% and 84% respectively. It is proposed that click-evoked oto-acoustic emissions be considered as the initial method to screen for hearing impairment, test failures being followed up by ABR.
Serum insulin-like growth factor-II as a serologic marker of small hepatocellular carcinoma (2005)

Serum IGF-II level can be used as an independent serologic marker or a complementary tumor marker to AFP for diagnosis of small HCC.
Sensitisation of Ehrlich ascitic tumour cells to methotrexate by inhibiting glutaminase. (2005)

0.28AS-2 cells are highly sensitised to methotrexate. These results provide insights into the possible role of glutaminase in cancer therapy by demonstrating that the expression of antisense mRNA for glutaminase decreases chemoresistance to some pro-apoptotic agents.
The support vector decomposition machine (2006)

In machine learning problems with tens of thousands of features and only dozens or hundreds of independent training examples, dimensionality reduction is essential for good learning performance. In previous work, many researchers have treated the learning problem in two separate phases: first use an algorithm such as singular value decomposition to reduce the dimensionality of the data set, and then use a classification algorithm such as naïve Bayes or support vector machines to learn a classifier. We demonstrate that it is possible to combine the two goals of dimensionality reduction and classification into a single learning objective, and present a novel and efficient algorithm which optimizes this objective directly. We present experimental results in fMRI analysis which show that we can achieve better learning performance and lower-dimensional representations than two-phase approaches can.
Axial range of conjugate adaptive optics in two-photon microscopy (2015)

We describe an adaptive optics technique for two-photon microscopy in which the deformable mirror used for aberration compensation is positioned in a plane conjugate to the plane of the aberration. We demonstrate in a proof-of-principle experiment that this technique yields a large field of view advantage in comparison to standard pupil-conjugate adaptive optics. Further, we show that the extended field of view in conjugate AO is maintained over a relatively large axial translation of the deformable mirror with respect to the conjugate plane. We conclude with a discussion of limitations and prospects for the conjugate AO technique in two-photon biological microscopy.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Some Tetradentate Schiff Bases and Their Nickel, Copper and Zinc Complexes (2000)

Abstract Three ligands have been formed by the 1:2 molar condensation of ℴ-phenylenediamine with salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-l-naphthaldehyde or ℴ-hydroxyacetophenone. The potentially tetradentate ligands are N,N-bis-(salicylaldehyde)-ℴ-phenylenediamine (SalophH2), N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalde-hyde)-ℴ-phenyIenediamine (NophH2) and N,N-bis(ℴ-hydroxyacetophenone)-ℴ-phenylenediamine (AophH2), respectively. These ligands form 1:1 complexes with nickel, copper and zinc ions. The complexes have been characterized by IR, 1H NMR, MS, UV/Vis spectra in addition to elemental analyses. The spectral data of the ligands and their complexes are discussed in connection with the structural changes which occur due to complexation.
Interleukin 6 Increases Production of Cytokines by Colonic Innate Lymphoid Cells in Mice and Patients With Chronic Intestinal Inflammation (2015)

IL6 contributes to activation of colonic natural cytotoxicity receptor-negative, CD4-negative, ILC3s in mice with chronic intestinal inflammation (TRUC mice) by increasing IL23- and IL1α-induced production of IL17A and IL22. This pathway might be targeted to treat patients with IBD because IL6, which is highly produced in colonic tissue by some IBD patients, also increased the production of IL17A, IL22, and interferon-γ by cultured human colon CD3-negative, IL7-receptor-positive cells.