gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of the human erythrocyte blood group P<sub>1</sub> glycosphingolipid (1975)

A glycosphingolipid with blood group P1 activity was extracted from an acetone powder of human erythrocyte stroma with chloroform-methanol. It was purified by chromatography on columns of silicic acid and by preparative thin-layer chromatography of the fully acetylated and deacetylated glycolipid. The purified glycolipid contained galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose in a molar ratio of 3:1:1. Treatment of the P1 glycolipid with fig alpha-galactosidase released a single galactosyl residue and destroyed the blood group activity, and the alpha-galactosidase product had the same chromatographic mobility as paragloboside. Substitution sites on the neutral sugars of the P1 glycolipid and the alpha-galactosidase product were established by identification of methylated alditol acetates, and substitution on N-acetylglucosamine was determined by identification of methyl glycoside derivatives. The terminal nonreducing disaccharide of the P1 glycolipid is Gal(alpha, 1 leads to 4)Gal. N-Acetylglucosamine was identified as the next sugar in sequence by mass spectrometric analysis of the permethylated P1 glycolipid. On the assumption that the glucose residue is linked to ceramide, we propose the following structure for the P1 glycolipid: Gal(alpha, 1 leads to 4)Gal(beta, 1 leads to 4)Glc-NAc(beta, 1 leads to 4)Glc-Cer.
Ferroelectric memories for security and identification purposes (1969)

Magnetically encoded cards are currently being utilized for train tickets and for door (access) keys to restricted areas. This implementation suffers from numerous serious deficiencies, of which the worst is the ease with which the magnetically coded information may be altered or copied. Alteration may be accidental or with intent to defraud. Security may be questionable depending upon the sophistication required to determine the encoded information. Ferroelectric encoded cards also provide information coding for security and identification, but this is not readily subject to compromise. These cards are immune to accidental modification of their encoded information and such information is not readily ascertained. As with all innovations, there are excellent attributes and those not so desirable. These are discussed in the paper.
Evolution of data management (1996)

Computers can now store all forms of information: records, documents, images, sound recordings, videos, scientific data, and many new data formats. Society has made great strides in capturing, storing, managing, analyzing, and visualizing this data. These tasks are generically called data management. This article sketches the evolution of data management systems. There have been six distinct phases in data management. Initially, data was manually processed. The next step used punched-card equipment and electromechanical machines to sort and tabulate millions of records. The third phase stored data on magnetic tape and used stored-program computers to perform batch processing on sequential files. The fourth phase introduced the concept of a database schema and on-line navigational access to the data. The fifth step automated access to relational databases and added distributed and client server processing. We are now in the early stages of sixth-generation systems that store richer data types, notably documents, images, voice, and video data. These sixth-generation systems are the storage engines for the emerging Internet and intranets. Early data management systems automated traditional information processing. Today they allow fast, reliable, and secure access to globally distributed data. Tomorrow's systems will access and summarize richer forms of data. It is argued that multimedia databases will be a cornerstone of cyberspace.
MCF-7 cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest: non-genomic effects of progesterone and mifepristone (RU-486). (2010)

The antiproliferative/cytotoxic effect of PG and MF in concentrations between 1 and 100 μM is of a non-genomic nature.
Dynamic bandwidth allocation with optimal number of renegotiations in ATM networks (2002)

This paper introduces a scheme for online dynamic bandwidth allocation for variable bit rate (VBR) traffic over ATM networks. The presented method determines the optimum bandwidth renegotiation time and bandwidth amount to allocate to a VBR traffic source by minimizing predefined cost functions. A traffic rate predictor designed by wavelets is provided as feedback to the system. The results show that the introduced scheme minimizes both under-utilization of the available capacity and queuing delays. The proposed method can also be deployed in weighted fair queuing disciplines to update dynamically a weight coefficient assigned to an application.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of an Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-FeO-Fe/C Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Photoelectron spectroscopy study of systematically varied doping concentrations in an organic semiconductor layer using a molecular p-dopant (2009)

We investigate the doping behavior of the strongly electron accepting molecule 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane coevaporated with the host molecule N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-benzidine by photoemission spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. Using interface resolved measurements, we compare the alignment on different substrates and investigate the effects of varying doping concentrations on the Fermi level position. We find that at high doping concentrations the Fermi level gets pinned at the exponentially decaying tail of the highest occupied molecular orbital and compare these results with different dopants and host molecules. The measurement of the doping dependent space charge layer thickness yields information on the amount of free charge carriers and thereby the efficiency of the doping.
Accumulation of the common mitochondrial DNA deletion induced by ionizing radiation (2004)

Point mutations and deletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate as a result of oxidative stress, including ionizing radiation. As a result, dysfunctional mitochondria suffer from a decline in oxidative phosphorylation and increased release of superoxides and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). Through this mechanism, mitochondria have been implicated in a host of degenerative diseases. Associated with this type of damage, and serving as a marker of total mtDNA mutations and deletions, the accumulation of a specific 4977-bp deletion, known as the common deletion (Delta-mtDNA(4977)), takes place. The Delta-mtDNA(4977) has been reported to increase with age and during the progression of mitochondrial degeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ionizing radiation induces the formation of the common deletion in a variety of human cell lines and to determine if it is associated with cellular radiosensitivity. Cell lines used included eight normal human skin fibroblast lines, a radiosensitive non-transformed and an SV40 transformed ataxia telangiectasia (AT) homozygous fibroblast line, a Kearns Sayre Syndrome (KSS) line known to contain mitochondrial deletions, and five human tumor lines. The Delta-mtDNA(4977) was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Significant levels of Delta-mtDNA(4977) accumulated 72 h after irradiation doses of 2, 5, 10 or 20 Gy in all of the normal lines with lower response in tumor cell lines, but the absolute amounts of the induced deletion were variable. There was no consistent dose-response relationship. SV40 transformed and non-transformed AT cell lines both showed significant induction of the deletion. However, the five tumor cell lines showed only a modest induction of the deletion, including the one line that was deficient in DNA damage repair. No relationship was found between sensitivity to radiation-induced deletions and sensitivity to cell killing by radiation.
Low-molecular-weight carbohydrate-rich compounds in pregnancy urine. (1976)

The isolation and the chemical composition of two low-molecular-weight carbohydrate-rich fractions individualized in non-pregnant and pregnant women urine is reported. The first one is almost composed of glycopeptides whereas the second one gathers the major part of oligosaccharides. It is shown that at the 8th month of pregnancy, both fractions contain a larger amount of neutral hexoses, N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-acetylhexosamines 6-deoxyhexoses and aminoacids than in normal urine. Further, a discrimination is observed in the enhancement of each fraction. The increased amount of fraction 2 is observed as soon as the 17th week of pregnancy, whilst the amount of fraction 1 increases slowly from the 17th week until the end of pregnancy. Both fractions exhibit a tremendous increase of all carbohydrates, one week after delivery. The increased amount of glycopeptide material could be related to glycoproteins catabolism, and the increased amount of oligosaccharide material could be related to the mammary tissue metabolism.
A simple, nonradioactive method for evaluating single-nephron filtration rate using FITC-inulin (1999)

The determination of inulin concentration in nanoliter fluid samples is fundamental to micropuncture investigations of renal function, and this is generally accomplished through the use of radioisotopes. We report here a simple and reliable alternative to the use of radioisotopes that employs FITC-labeled inulin. Samples containing FITC-inulin are stored between oil columns in constant-bore microcapillary tubes, which are then used as cuvettes to determine fluorescence on a microscope fluorometer. Standard curves were generated and found to be linear, with correlation coefficients (R) exceeding 0.99 in every case. Although the fluorescence of FITC-inulin was found to be pH dependent, the pH and fluorescence of each 20- to 40-nl sample could be normalized by the addition of 1 nl of 0.5 M HEPES at pH 7.5. In mice prepared for standard micropuncture, simultaneous measurements of tubular fluid-to-plasma ratios (TF/P) using FITC-inulin and [125I]iothalamate were highly correlated (slope = 0.95, y-intercept = 0.01, R = 0.942), as were whole kidney measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (slope = 1.25, y-intercept = -53.5 microliter/min, R = 0.99). Micropuncture determinations of late-proximal samples from mice before and after treatment with acetazolamide showed expected changes: TF/P of FITC-inulin decreased from 1.89 +/- 0.07 to 1.48 +/- 0.10; single-nephron GFR (SNGFR) decreased from 9.64 +/- 1.1 to 6.65 +/- 1. 0 nl/min; and fractional fluid reabsorption decreased from 45.3 +/- 1.9 to 26.8 +/- 5.2%. Measurements of TF/P of FITC-inulin, volume, and SNGFR using this technique were stable for at least 2 wk when samples were stored in the dark at 4 degreesC. These data demonstrate that this simple method for determining inulin clearance represents a viable and accurate alternative to radioactive methods. This approach has the added benefits of being relatively inexpensive and leaving the micropuncture sample intact.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of autologous chondrocyte implantation for cartilage defects in knee joints: systematic review and economic evaluation (2005)

There is insufficient evidence at present to say that ACI is cost-effective compared with microfracture or mosaicplasty. Longer term outcomes are required. Economic modelling using some assumptions about long-term outcomes that seem reasonable suggests that ACI would be cost-effective because it is more likely to produce hyaline cartilage, which is more likely to be durable and to prevent osteoarthritis in the longer term (e.g. 20 years). Further research is needed into earlier methods of predicting long-term results. Basic science research is also needed into factors that influence stem cells to become chondrocytes and to produce high-quality cartilage, as it may be possible to have more patients developing hyaline cartilage after microfracture. Study is also needed into cost-effective methods of rehabilitation and the effect of early mobilisation on cartilage growth.
An Electrodeposition Technique for Producing Multilayers of Nickel‐Phosphorus and Other Alloys (1993)

A dual‐bath electrodeposition method using two separate plating solutions has been developed for the production of thin‐film metal multilayers. The technique has been used to make and multilayers with repeat lengths of 19 Å and above. The microstructure of both homogeneous and multilayered deposits indicates that in these systems surface reaction of the film as it is transferred between the electrolytes does not disrupt multilayer formation. The properties of films formed using dual‐bath electrodeposition are described and application of the method to other alloy systems is discussed.
Restoration of biofuel production levels and increased tolerance under ionic liquid stress is enabled by a mutation in the essential Escherichia coli gene cydC (2018)

The optimized strains in this study produce high titers of two candidate biofuels and bioproducts under IL stress. Both sets of production strains surpass production titers from other IL tolerant mutants in the literature. Our application of laboratory evolution identified a gain of function mutation in an essential gene, which is unusual in comparison to other published IL tolerant mutants.
Mobile Positioning in Space–Time Behaviour Studies: Social Positioning Method Experiments in Estonia (2007)

The paper introduces methods and applications of the mobile positioning-based social positioning method in geography. The social positioning method (SPM) studies space–time behavior by analyzing the location coordinates of mobile phones and the social characteristics of the people carrying them. We describe the experience gained from the SPM pilot studies carried out in Estonia from 2003 to 2006. The results demonstrate that mobile positioning-based tracing is applicable in different geographical studies, as an analysis of temporal movement patterns and activity spaces. The biggest advantage of mobile positioning-based methods is that mobile phones are widespread, positioning works inside buildings, and collection of movement data is done by a third party at regular intervals. The disadvantage of mobile positioning today is relatively low spatial accuracy and surveillance fears. The boom in the generation of phones with A-GPS will improve positioning accuracy in networks.
Advanced Technology Composite Fuselage - Manufacturing (1997)

The goal of Boeing's Advanced Technology Composite Aircraft Structures (ATCAS) program is to develop the technology required for cost-and weight-efficient use of composite materials in transport fuselage structure. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy was chosen for fuselage skins and stiffening elements, and for passenger and cargo floor structures. The automated fiber placement (AFP) process was selected for fabrication of stringer-stiffened and sandwich skin panels. Circumferential and window frames were braided and resin transfer molded (RTM'd). Pultrusion was selected for fabrication of floor beams and constant-section stiffening elements. Drape forming was chosen for stringers and other stiffening elements cocured to skin structures. Significant process development efforts included AFP, braiding, RTM, autoclave cure, and core blanket fabrication for both sandwich and stiffened-skin structure. Outer-mold-line and inner-mold-line tooling was developed for sandwich structures and stiffened-skin structure. The effect of design details, process control and tool design on repeatable, dimensionally stable, structure for low cost barrel assembly was assessed. Subcomponent panels representative of crown, keel, and side quadrant panels were fabricated to assess scale-up effects and manufacturing anomalies for full-scale structures. Manufacturing database including time studies, part quality, and manufacturing plans were generated to support the development of designs and analytical models to access cost, structural performance, and dimensional tolerance.
Interaction between Food Substances and the Intestinal Epithelium (2010)

The small intestine is an organ responsible for nutrient absorption, barrier functions, signal recognition/transduction, and the production of bioactive compounds. These functions are known to be regulated by such factors as hormones and cytokines, but substances contained in the daily diet are also thought to play roles as major modulators of intestinal functions. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which form a monolayer covering the inside surface of the intestinal tract, are particularly important in this modulation, because they directly interact with intestinal contents, including food substances, their digests, and gut microbial components. Using cell-based in vitro assays, we investigated the food-IEC interactions at the cellular and molecular levels, and found that a variety of food substances affected the transporter activity, tight junction permeability, metabolic enzyme expression, immune functions, and so on. Modulation of the intestinal functions by dietary substances is therefore essential to promote health.
Studies show plants, soils emit mercury (1996)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTStudies show plants, soils emit mercuryMAUREEN ROUHICite this: Chem. Eng. News 1996, 74, 6, 36–37Publication Date (Print):February 5, 1996Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 5 February 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v074n006.p036https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v074n006.p036newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Environmental pollution,Mercury,Soils Get e-Alerts
Packed distillation tower hydraulic design method and mechanical considerations (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPacked distillation tower hydraulic design method and mechanical considerationsFrank Rukovena and T. Daniel KoshyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 10, 2400–2407Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00022a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views860Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (804 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Look into the Future: Augmented reality (AR) and Android TV (2015)

This chapter covers augmented reality (AR) and also explores the next big wave coming to your living room: Internet TV (Android TV, to be precise). Here you’ll learn about the some of the SDKs and Toolkits to be used for the future AR and Android TV applications.
Using SATF Scheduling in Real-Time Systems (2003)

Introduction Disk scheduling algorithms based on the rotational position of the disk head (Shortest Access Time First scheduler, SATF) are known to be a good approximation of an optimal disk scheduling algorithm [3]. However, because of the required knowledge of the disk they are also believed to be difficult to implement outside of the disks firmware at driver level [2]. Unfortunately, scheduling cannot always be done in the disk drive. With queueing a large number of requests in the disk drive, the driver resp. the operating system loses the ability to control the point in time a single request is executed. But this control is essential for certain systems, e.g. if a system must meet deadlines of disk requests. Another drawback is the limited number of requests a disk can queue, we experienced 32 to 64 requests with current disks. However, scheduling algorithms work better the larger the number of requests they can choose from. The aim of our work is to (a) show the feasibility
Isolation of a new canine cytochrome P450 CDNA from the cytochrome P450 2C subfamily (CYP2C41) and evidence for polymorphic differences in its expression. (1998)

Two members of the canine cytochrome P4502C subfamily [CYP2C21 and CYP2C41 (sequence has been submitted to Genbank with accession number AF016248)] were cloned from three beagle liver cDNA libraries. The two canine CYP2C cDNAs exhibited 70% nucleotide and amino acid identity as well as 74-83% nucleotide and 67-76% amino acid identity with the human CYP2Cs. Canine CYP2C41 is more homologous to the human CYP2Cs than CYP2C21. The two canine CYP2C cDNAs exhibited a slightly lower nucleotide and amino acid identity (66-77%) with the rat P450CYPs, 2C11 and 2C12. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-based restriction enzyme tests for CYP2C21 and 2C41 mRNAs as well as polymerase chain reaction-based tests for genomic DNA were developed. CYP2C21 cDNA was present in the livers of all dogs tested (N = 9), but CYP2C41 was present in only 1 of the 9 (11%). Genomic tests found that the gene coding for CYP2C21 was also present in all dogs tested (N = 25), of which 15 were beagles and 10 mixed breeds. In contrast, the gene coding for CYP2C41 was present in only 16% (4 out of 25) of the dogs. An even distribution of the CYP2C41 gene was found between the sexes and between beagles and mixed breeds. This unique polymorphism in the canine CYP2C subfamily may be a source of variability in the metabolic clearance in dogs of xenobiotics that are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 2C subfamily of enzymes.