gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Fundamentally New Colour Imaging Technology for Instant Photography (1977)

The Kodak instant print film is based on a fundamentally new colour-imaging technology. The imaging chemistry involves new types of compounds that release dyes for diffusion to a viewing region of the picture unit as a conse-quence of development of a new type of relatively high speed direct reversal emulsion. The chemical structures of the dyes were selected as a result of theoretical studies. The colour pictures produced by them feature a high level of colour fidelity.
Magnetostriction Constants of Pd<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub><i>x</i></sub>Crystals (\(0.1{\lesssim}x{\lesssim}0.6\)) (1986)

Magnetostriction constants, λ 100 and λ 111 , of Pd 1- x Fe x were measured in the composition range of \(0.1{\lesssim}x{\lesssim}0.6\) by using a three-terminal capacitance method. Almost all specimens were quenched. Temperature was varied from 77 K to room temperature and magnetic field was applied up to 15 kOe. Composition dependence of both constants showed a minimum at \(x{\cong}0.17\), where an abrupt change was observed on a cubic anisotropy constant K 1 . In the composition range of x <0.15 λ 100 and λ 111 have different sign (λ 100 >0) with each other, while both of them are positive for x >0.2. The composition dependence of calculated mean value \(\overline{\lambda}{=}(2/5)\lambda_{100}+(3/5)\lambda_{111}\) was similar to the previous report on polycrystalline samples presented by Schmidt and Berger.
Tumor Antigens and Proteomics from the Point of View of the Major Histocompatibility Complex Peptides (2003)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) peptide repertoire of cancer cells serves both as a source for new tumor antigens for development of cancer immunotherapy and as a rich information resource about the protein content of the cancer cells (their proteome). Thousands of different MHC peptides are normally displayed by each cell, where most of them are derived from different proteins and thus represent most of the cellular proteome. However, in contrast to standard proteomics, which surveys the cellular protein contents, analyses of the MHC peptide repertoire correspond more to the rapidly degrading proteins in the cells (i.e. the transient proteome). MHC peptides can be efficiently purified by affinity chromatography from membranal MHC molecules, or preferably following transfection of vectors for expression of recombinant soluble MHC molecules. The purified peptides are resolved and analyzed by capillary high-pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, and the data are deciphered with new software tools enabling the creation of large databanks of MHC peptides displayed by different cell types and by different MHC haplotypes. These lists of identified MHC peptides can now be used for searching new tumor antigens, and for identification of proteins whose rapid degradation is significant to cancer progression and metastasis. These lists can also be used for identification of new proteins of yet unknown function that are not detected by standard proteomics approaches. This review focuses on the presentation, identification and analysis of MHC peptides significant for cancer immunotherapy. It is also concerned with the aspects of human proteomics observed through large-scale analyses of MHC peptides.
Improved performance voltage and current regulators using discrete pulse modulation (2003)

The authors reexamine the issue of modulation strategies and their impact on performance characteristics such as dynamic control, current ripple, and acoustic noise. It is seen that significant performance improvement can be obtained by factors such as choice of reference frame, the use of space vector strategies, and the use of voltage or current regulator inner loops. The use of synchronous frame regulators is seen to yield significant improvement in overall modulator performance. It results in elimination of fundamental component errors and significantly improved DC bus utilization. The results presented have been extensively verified using simulation and laboratory experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
LiMOB, an Unsymmetrical Nonaromatic Orthoborate Salt for Nonaqueous Solution Electrochemical Applications (2004)

Synthesis, characterization, ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and lithium-ion transport number of an asymmetric version of the successful orthoborate lithium salt lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), are described. The salt, lithium (malonato oxalato) borate (LiMOB), is thermally stable up to 273°C. It is poorly soluble in common organic solvents such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dimethyl carbonate, and propylene carbonate, but has moderate solubility in γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and high solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The 0.5 M solutions of LiMOB in GBL, DMSO, and DMF show high conductivities and at 25°C, respectively) relative to most 0.5 M nonaqueous solutions. Even the room temperature conductivity of the 0.08 M LiMOB-PC solution is close to The conductivities of LiMOB solutions are close to those of LiBOB solutions, which has been demonstrated in recent studies to be a successful substitute for in lithium-ion batteries. The cyclic voltammograms show that LiMOB solutions in PC and GBL have electrochemical stability as high as 4.3 V vs. The lithium-ion transport number at room temperature for 0.5 M LiMOB in was 0.36, obtained from self-diffusivity measurement by the pulsed field gradient spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The highest occupied molecular orbital energy, which is usually correlated with electrochemical stability has been calculated, and electrostatic potential maps for the new anion and its fluorinated derivatives are presented. They suggest that the fluorinated analogue of LiMOB should be more stable and more soluble, and may have unique properties. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Preoperative Sestamibi Localization Combined with Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Assay Predicts Successful Focused Unilateral Neck Exploration during Surgery for Primary Hyperparathyroidism (2003)

A retrospective review of 54 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism operated upon by five general surgeons at Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital between March 1998 and March 2001 was performed to determine whether positive preoperative sestamibi localization (PSL) of a solitary adenoma combined with intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay (IOPHA) could predict successful focused unilateral neck exploration. A solitary adenoma was found in each of 50 patients (93%). PSL for solitary adenomas had an accuracy of 87 per cent, positive predictive value (PPV) of 96 per cent, sensitivity of 90 per cent, and specificity of 50 per cent. Forty-five patients (83%) achieved a 50 per cent reduction in IOPHA at 10 minutes after excision of a solitary adenoma for an accuracy of 85 per cent, PPV of 97 per cent, sensitivity of 88 per cent, and specificity of 50 per cent. All patients remain eucalcemic. The combination of PSL and IOPHA resulted in a PPV of 97.5 per cent and a sensitivity of 100 per cent. From these data we conclude that a focused unilateral neck exploration could have been performed successfully in 78 per cent of the cases.
Monoclonal antibodies against neoantigens of the terminal C5b-9 complex of human complement (1985)

Assembly of the terminal C5b-C9 complement components into the cytolytic C5b-9 complex is accompanied by exposure of characteristic neoantigens on the macromolecule. We report the production and characterization of mouse monoclonal antibodies to C9-dependent neoantigens of human C5b-9. Binding-inhibition assays with EDTA-human plasma and micro-ELISA assays with purified C9 showed that the antibodies did not react with native complement components and thus confirmed the specificity of the antibodies for the neoantigens. The monoclonal antibodies did, however, cross-react with cytolytically inactive, fluid-phase C5b-9 complexes. Thus, expression of the neoantigenic determinants was not dependent on the formation of high molecular weight C9 polymers with the complex, since these are absent in fluid-phase C5b-9. Radioiodinated antibodies could be utilized in immunoradiometric assays for the detection and quantitation of C5b-9 on cell membranes. Cross-reactivities of the antibodies with C9-dependent neoantigens of several other animal species were examined and antibody clones cross-reacting with rabbit (clones 3B1, 3D8, and 2F3), sheep (clones 3D8 and 2F3) and guinea-pig (clone 3D8) neoantigens were identified. Three of four tested clones (3D8, 2F3, 1A12) precipitated C5b-9 complexes in double-diffusion assays, probably due to their interaction with multiple and repeating C9-epitopes on the terminal complexes. The monoclonal antibodies will be of value for definitive identification and quantitation of C5b-9 on cell membranes and in tissues, and for establishing immunoassays for detection and quantitation of terminal fluid-phase C5b-9 complexes in plasma.
A simple double immunodiffusion test for typing influenza viruses. (1974)

The identification of influenza virus type has traditionally been based on the characterization of internal nucleoprotein (NP) antigens by the complement fixation (CF) test. Because this test is complex and time-consuming, it is used only infrequently. In this report we describe a double immunodiffusion (DID) test, which is proposed as a replacement for the CF test for the typing of influenza viruses. The DID test is simple and requires only the allantoic fluid content of a single infected embryonated egg. Virus from the infected fluid is precipitated with mild acid and disrupted by detergent. Anti-NP or anti-matrix protein (MP) antibody is equally effective in most instances for typing influenza isolates by this test. The latter is preferred, however, since it seemed to be slightly more sensitive than anti-NP antibody.
Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Maturation During Bacterial Spore Germination (1969)

All the ribosomal ribonucleic acid made during the early stages of germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis is of the "precursor" type, i.e., that type appearing in the incomplete forms of the ribosome. Shortly before the onset of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in germination, this precursor ribonucleic acid changed to the mature ribosomal ribonucleic acid characteristic of the 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits.
Adaptive Markov and semi-Markov decision processes: a weak contrast function approach (2003)

The authors consider the control of dynamic systems modeled as a family of either Markov or semi-Markov processes, parameterized by an unknown parameter alpha which takes values in a given finite set A. The true parameter alpha /sup 0/, which represents the real system, belongs to A. The problem is to devise a control strategy that despite the initial ignorance of alpha /sup 0/ can still achieve the minimum long-run average cost. The authors first introduce a class of adaptive controllers for Markov chains that meet the challenge, under fairly relaxed conditions. These algorithms are based on the concept of weak contrast functions, an extension of P.L. Mandi's (1974) contrast functions. A class of adaptive controllers for semi-Markov processes is formulated based on the weak contrast function concept. The authors show that these controllers achieve the minimum long-run average cost and illustrate their application to the adaptive multilayer control of Markov chains.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Computational Study on Nonenzymatic Peptide Bond Cleavage at Asparagine and Aspartic Acid (2008)

Nonenzymatic peptide bond cleavage at asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) residues has been observed during peptide deamidation experiments; cleavage has also been reported at aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) residues. Although peptide backbone cleavage at Asn is known to be slower than deamidation, fragmentation products are often observed during peptide deamidation experiments. In this study, mechanisms leading to the cleavage of the carboxyl-side peptide bond of Asn and Asp residues were investigated using computational methods (B3LYP/6-31+G**). Single-point solvent calculations at the B3LYP/6-31++G** level were carried out in water, utilizing the integral equation formalism-polarizable continuum (IEF-PCM) model. Mechanism and energetics of peptide fragmentation at Asn were comparatively analyzed with previous calculations on deamidation of Asn. When deamidation proceeds through direct hydrolysis of the Asn side chain or through cyclic imide formationvia a tautomerization routeit exhibits lower activation barriers than peptide bond cleavage at Asn. The fundamental distinction between the mechanisms leading to deamidationvia a succinimideand backbone cleavage was found to be the difference in nucleophilic entities involved in the cyclization process (backbone versus side-chain amide nitrogen). If deamidation is prevented by protein three-dimensional structure, cleavage may become a competing pathway. Fragmentation of the peptide backbone at Asp was also computationally studied to understand the likelihood of Asn deamidation preceding backbone cleavage. The activation barrier for backbone cleavage at Asp residues is much lower (approximately 10 kcal/mol) than that at Asn. This suggests that peptide bond cleavage at Asn residues is more likely to take place after it has deamidated into Asp.
TWO NEW SPECIES AND THREE NEW RECORDS OF THE GENUS <i>CULZCOIDES</i> (DIPTERA:CERATOPOGONIDAE) IN CHINA (1998)

Abstract Two new species of Culicoides, C. desytoculus sp. nov. and C. pulchellus sp. nov., are described from China. Three species of Culicoides, C. gynznopterus, C. parabarnetti and C. pikongkoi , are recorded for the first time in China.
Asymptotic downlink capacity of coordinated cellular networks (2005)

This paper explores the fundamental downlink performance limits of multicell networks when cooperation is allowed between all the base station in the network. Toward this end, we infer the asymptotic sum rate of a capacity-achieving technique (known as dirty paper coding) for the broadcast channel in the limit of a large number of transmit antennas and single-antenna users. The users have unequal SNRs characterized by a doubly-regular gain matrix and we show that this condition can be satisfied in a finite cellular network of hexagonal cells where users are placed on corners of hexagons centered on the bases. Under this placement, we can compute the asymptotic rate per user when dirty paper coding is used across base stations in a coordinated network. We extend the analysis to an infinite coordinated network and show that its performance is lower-bounded by that of a single isolated cell. Performance comparisons are also made with conventional cellular networks where coordination among bases is not allowed.
Interferometric Nanometer Alignment for a Wafer Stepper by Two Wave-Front Reconstruction onto Deformed Wafer Gratings (1987)

A discussion is presented on a reduction projection wafer stepper with an interferometric nanometer alignment detector by two wave-front reconstruction. The optics of the detector to form an interferometer comprises two coherent beams and a grating on a wafer. The alignment detector detects the relative position of the reticle grating to the wafer grating. It has been verified that the response sensitivity to the step movements of the wafer was 5 nanometers. The response signals received from various deformed alignment gratings indicated an ideal cosine wave form. The resultant overlay to the irregular surface gratings on an Al deposited wafer was improved to 0.1 µm/3 sigma.
The use of 35S and Tnos expression elements in the measurement of genetically engineered plant materials (2009)

An online survey was conducted by the International Life Sciences Institute, Food Biotechnology Committee, on the use of qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and Agrobacterium tumefaciens Tnos DNA sequence elements for the detection of genetically engineered (GE) crop plant material. Forty-four testing laboratories around the world completed the survey. The results showed the widespread use of such methods, the multiplicity of published and in-house methods, and the variety of reference materials and calibrants in use. There was an interest on the part of respondents in validated quantitative assays relevant to all GE events that contain these two genetic elements. Data are presented by testing two variations each of five published real-time quantitative PCR methods for 35S detection on eight maize reference materials. The results showed that two of the five methods were not suitable for all the eight reference materials, with poor linear regression parameters and multiple PCR amplification products for some of the reference materials. This study demonstrates that not all 35S methods produce satisfactory results, emphasizing the need for method validation.
The isolation and estimation of the steroid oestrogens in placental tissue (1954)

Research Article| April 01 1954 The isolation and estimation of the steroid oestrogens in placental tissue F. L. Mitchell; F. L. Mitchell 1Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield, and Medical Research Council Unit for Research in Cell Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, The University, Sheffield, 10 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. E. Davies R. E. Davies 1Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield, and Medical Research Council Unit for Research in Cell Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, The University, Sheffield, 10 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 56 (4): 690–698. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560690 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. L. Mitchell, R. E. Davies; The isolation and estimation of the steroid oestrogens in placental tissue. Biochem J 1 April 1954; 56 (4): 690–698. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560690 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
On compensator design for linear time-invariant dual-input single-output systems (2001)

This paper presents a new method for the design of compensators for linear time-invariant dual-input/single-output (DISO) systems in continuous time or discrete time. The new method reduces the problem to two single-input/single-output (SISO) design problems, which are well suited to frequency-response design techniques. The first part of the method is the design of a stabilizing compensator for an auxiliary feedback system. The auxiliary compensator parameterizes the two output blocks of the single-input/dual-output compensator such that the zeros of the parallel system formed by cascade of the compensator with the plant are stable. The auxiliary compensator also determines the relative contribution to the output of the two parallel subsystems of the DISO system. The second SISO compensator design is used to ensure that the feedback system is stable and that performance and robustness specifications are achieved. This paper includes a discrete-time-design example for a dual-stage actuator system for a disk drive including implementation results. Straightforward extensions for multi-input/single-output systems are discussed.
The Implementation of Supporting Uniform Data Distribution with Software-Dened Storage Service on Heterogeneous Cloud Storage (2016)

In order to improve accessibility and efficiency of a cloud system, this work proposed a mechanism to integrate Ceph, HDFS and Swift based on the OpenStack. We first build a heterogeneous storage environment including Ceph, HDFS and Swift based on the open source OpenStack and then measure their performances. To integrate storage services of Ceph, HDFS and Swift, we propose a proportion-based file distribution mechanism. The proportion for file partition is dependent on the remaining storage capacity so that we can distribute those sub files to different storage. This mechanism also enhances the file security. In addition, a high usability user interface is provided so as to make the proposed system more friendly. Experimental results show the efficiency of our system.
The common occurrence of furan fatty acids in plants (1989)

The observation that F-acids (1) occur in rat chow initiated a search for F-acids in human diet. We observed that the amount of F-acids with a pentyl side chain in alpha-position taken up with a one-day diet correlates well with the amount of excreted degradation products, the pentyl urofuran acids (2), (3) and (4). Therefore it can be concluded that F-acids with a pentyl side chain are not produced in the human body but are introduced through the diet. The origin of F-acids carrying an alpha-propyl side chain is less clear. The amount of propyl-urofuran acids (2) and (3) excreted in urine was found in one case out of three to be five times higher than the amount of F-acids carrying a propyl group in alpha-position taken up by the diet. Therefore, it can presently not be excluded that a portion of the propyl F-acids is produced by the body. F-acids found in human food are mainly introduced into the body by vegetables and fruits. F-acids were found also in birch leaves in considerable amounts, as well as in grasses, dandelion and clover leaves. Thus, we can conclude that F-acids are common constituents of plants.
Molecular Weight Dependence of Column Efficiency in Gel Permeation Chromatography and Reverse Flow Technique (1970)

一般にGPCカラムの性能表示には, アセトンなどを用いて測定した理論段数が用いられているが, この表示は高分子量試料のクロマトグラムのundesirable broadeningを推定するのには不十分である。筆者らはreversal法を用いて実験した結果HETP (Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate) と分子量Mとの関係がほぼlogH≅ A+BlogMであることを見出した。この関係はわれわれに高分子量領域におけるundesirable broadeningに関する知見を与えてくれる。ここで用いたreversal法はGPCにおいては有用な手法である。筆者らはこの手法の応用例についても, あわせて報告する。
Crystal structure of the reduced Schiff‐base intermediate complex of transaldolase B from <i>escherichia coli</i>: Mechanistic implications for class I aldolases (1997)

Transaldolase catalyzes transfer of a dihydroxyacetone moiety from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor. During catalysis, a Schiff-base intermediate between dihydroxyacetone and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue at the active site of the enzyme is formed. This Schiff-base intermediate has been trapped by reduction with potassium borohydride, and the crystal structure of this complex has been determined at 2.2 A resolution. The overall structures of the complex and the native enzyme are very similar; formation of the intermediate induces no large conformational changes. The dihydroxyacetone moiety is covalently linked to the side chain of Lys 132 at the active site of the enzyme. The Cl hydroxyl group of the dihydroxyacetone moiety forms hydrogen bonds to the side chains of residues Asn 154 and Ser 176. The C3 hydroxyl group interacts with the side chain of Asp 17 and Asn 35. Based on the crystal structure of this complex a reaction mechanism for transaldolase is proposed.