gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparing grounded theory and topic modeling: Extreme divergence or unlikely convergence? (2017)

Researchers in information science and related areas have developed various methods for analyzing textual data, such as survey responses. This article describes the application of analysis methods from two distinct fields, one method from interpretive social science and one method from statistical machine learning, to the same survey data. The results show that the two analyses produce some similar and some complementary insights about the phenomenon of interest, in this case, nonuse of social media. We compare both the processes of conducting these analyses and the results they produce to derive insights about each method's unique advantages and drawbacks, as well as the broader roles that these methods play in the respective fields where they are often used. These insights allow us to make more informed decisions about the tradeoffs in choosing different methods for analyzing textual data. Furthermore, this comparison suggests ways that such methods might be combined in novel and compelling ways.
Thrust chamber life prediction. Volume 1: Mechanical and physical properties of high performance rocket nozzle materials (1975)

Pertinent mechanical and physical properties of six high conductivity metals were determined. The metals included Amzirc, NARloy Z, oxygen free pure copper, electroformed copper, fine silver, and electroformed nickel. Selection of these materials was based on their possible use in high performance reusable rocket nozzles. The typical room temperature properties determined for each material included tensile ultimate strength, tensile yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion. Typical static tensile stress-strain curves, cyclic stress-strain curves, and low-cycle fatigue life curves are shown. Properties versus temperature are presented in graphical form for temperatures from 27.6K (-410 F) to 810.9K (1000 F).
Identification of a putative alphavirus receptor on mouse neural cells (1991)

Alphaviruses replicate in a wide variety of cells in vitro. The prototype alphavirus, Sindbis virus, causes an age-dependent encephalitis in mice and serves as an important model system for the study of alphavirus neurovirulence. To begin to understand the role of cellular virus receptors in the pathogenesis of Sindbis virus infection, we developed an anti-idiotypic antibody made in rabbits against a neutralizing monoclonal antibody specific for the E2 surface glycoprotein. The anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id 209) bound to N18 mouse neuroblastoma cells and inhibited adsorption of 35S-labeled virus by 50%. Binding of anti-Id 209 was inhibited by pretreatment of N18 cells with various proteases but not with neuraminidase or phospholipase, while virus binding was inhibited by pretreatment with phospholipase as well as protease. Anti-Id 209 precipitated proteins of 110 and 74 kDa from N18 cells intrinsically labeled with [35S]methionine. N18 cells grow with two phenotypes in culture, and immunoprecipitation of 125I-surface-labeled cells showed that the 74-kDa protein was present on loosely adherent cells growing in aggregates, while the 110-kDa protein was present in smaller amounts on firmly adherent cells growing as a monolayer. Analysis of brain cells from newborn mice by flow cytometry showed that all cells expressed the receptor protein at birth, but by 4 days after birth half of the cells had ceased receptor expression. A survey of other cell lines showed the protein to be present on murine fibroblastic and other rodent neuroblastoma cell lines but rarely on human neural or nonneural cell lines. These studies suggest that one of the receptors for Sindbis virus on mouse neural cells is a protein that is regulated during development of the nervous system. Developmental down-regulation of receptor protein expression may contribute to the age-dependent nature of susceptibility of mice to fatal alphavirus encephalitis.
Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor is Associated With Inflammation in the Vulnerable Human Atherosclerotic Plaque (2012)

This study shows that suPAR in human carotid plaques and plasma is associated with the presence of symptoms and that plaque suPAR is associated with the vulnerable inflammatory plaque. These findings strengthen the hypothesis of suPAR as a future marker of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Comparison of laboratory costs of rapid molecular tests and conventional diagnostics for detection of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa (2013)

At current public sector pricing, Xpert MTB/RIF and MTBDRplus are comparable in cost to mycobacterial culture and conventional drug sensitivity testing. Overall, reference laboratories must balance costs with performance characteristics and the need for rapid results.
The nebulous hotspot and algorithm variability (2009)

Design for Manufacturability through Design-Process Integration, volume \n7275 of Proceedings of the SPIE
Natural language processing in a Japanese text-to-speech system (1987)

A Japanese text-to-speech system is developed that provides continuous generation of natural speech from newspaper articles and other Japanese texts written in an unrestricted mixture of Kanji (ideograms. — 7000 Chinese characters), Kana (two types of phonograms, — 200 characters), alphanumerics and marks (including ¥, &, $, etc.).
[Cyclohexylphenoxymorpholines with antidepressive activity]. (1980)

A report is given of the synthesis and pharmacological investigation of some cyclohexylphenoxymethylmorpholines of general formula: Formula: (see text). The compound in which R = H and bearing the cyclohexyl group at the ortho position showed a pharmacological profile typical of drugs with antidepressant activity and was studied in detail in comparison with viloxazine and imipramine.
SECTION‐CUTTING OF UN‐DECALCIFIED BONE (1957)

Summary A method of obtaining histological sections of bone which has not been decalcified is presented. The method is applicable mainly to cancellous bone but can also be used on cortical bone which is not too dense. The importance of this method in the understanding of normal structure and interpretation of pathological conditions is well recognized and a brief account of results already obtained is given, with representative photographs to illustrate these.
An embedded feature selection method for imbalanced data classification (2019)

Imbalanced data is one type of datasets that are frequently found in real-world applications, e.g., fraud detection and cancer diagnosis. For this type of datasets, improving the accuracy to identify their minority class is a critically important issue. Feature selection is one method to address this issue. An effective feature selection method can choose a subset of features that favor in the accurate determination of the minority class. A decision tree is a classifier that can be built up by using different splitting criteria. Its advantage is the ease of detecting which feature is used as a splitting node. Thus, it is possible to use a decision tree splitting criterion as a feature selection method. In this paper, an embedded feature selection method using our proposed weighted Gini index (WGI) is proposed. Its comparison results with Chi2, F-statistic and Gini index feature selection methods show that F-statistic and Chi2 reach the best performance when only a few features are selected. As the number of selected features increases, our proposed method has the highest probability of achieving the best performance. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) and F-measure are used as evaluation criteria. Experimental results with two datasets show that ROC AUC performance can be high, even if only a few features are selected and used, and only changes slightly as more and more features are selected. However, the performance of Fmeasure achieves excellent performance only if 20% or more of features are chosen. The results are helpful for practitioners to select a proper feature selection method when facing a practical problem.
Multiple use of a signal transduction pathway in tumor cell invasion. (1997)

Recent reports have indicated that a poorly characterized signaling pathway involving 12-lipoxygenase and PKC is involved in several steps of the metastatic cascade such as tumor cell adhesion to matrix, lysosomal enzyme release and migration. We investigated here the upstream elements of this signalling pathway looking for receptors which it might be coupled to. We described tumor cell alpha IIb beta 3-like integrin and the AMF receptor, gp78, as two transmembrane receptors which utilize the 12-lipoxygenase/PKC signaling. Furthermore, we compared the in vivo expression of the signal components of the "autocrine motility cycle" (gp78, 12-LOX and PKCa-Tímár et al 1993) in human prostate carcinoma cell lines (PC3 and DU145) with different invasive potential. We report here that all three components of this cycle are overexpressed three fold in vivo in the more aggressive tumor, suggesting that this signalling pathway might regulate the invasive phenotype-at least in the studied tumor cells.
Über den Einfluss der Wellenlänge auf den Energieumsatz bei der Kohlensäureassimilation (1923)

Article Über den Einfluss der Wellenlänge auf den Energieumsatz bei der Kohlensäureassimilation was published on September 1, 1923 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 106U, issue 1).
The Deleted In Colorectal Cancer Netrin Guidance System: A Molecular Strategy For Neuronal Navigation (1999)

1. Neuronal migration is one of the principal events in laying out the architectural plan of the embryonic central nervous system (CNS). In addition, the correct navigation of axonal growth cones to their specific targets is essential for the establishment of the intricate network of axon projections found within the mature CNS. 2. The Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) guidance receptor, together with its ligands, the netrins, is now emerging as a major navigational system driving both neuronal and axonal migrations. Members of the netrin family of secreted guidance cues are also likely to be ligands for a second DCC-like receptor, neogenin. 3. The present paper reviews the current understanding of DCC-netrin-dependent axon pathfinding within the embryonic spinal cord and suggests novel modes of action for both DCC and neogenin.
The application of modular protein domains in proteomics (2012)

The ability of modular protein domains to independently fold and bind short peptide ligands both in vivo and in vitro has allowed a significant number of protein-protein interaction studies to take advantage of them as affinity and detection reagents. Here, we refer to modular domain based proteomics as "domainomics" to draw attention to the potential of using domains and their motifs as tools in proteomics. In this review we describe core concepts of domainomics, established and emerging technologies, and recent studies by functional category. Accumulation of domain-motif binding data should ultimately provide the foundation for domain-specific interactomes, which will likely reveal the underlying substructure of protein networks as well as the selectivity and plasticity of signal transduction.
LPCVD Titanium Nitride for ULSIs (1991)

Characteristics of films formed by low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) are investigated for application to the barrier layers in ultra‐large‐scale integration (ULSI) which have fine, high‐aspect‐ratio contact holes. The evaluation focuses on the characteristics crucial for barrier layer usage, such as step coverage, N/Ti atomic concentration ratio,, in , and Cl content. Film resistivities are also measured. Excellent step coverage is confirmed. A high‐aspect‐ratio hole, such as one with a diameter of 0.5 μm and a depth of 0.8 μm, is completely filled by film. The atomic concentration ratio for films formed at 500°–650°C is nearly equal to 1. Reduction in the Cl content coming from the source material,, is a matter of concern. High‐temperature deposition is very effective in reducing Cl content. A film deposited at 700°C contains <1 atom percent (a/o) of Cl, much less than films formed at lower temperatures contain. High‐temperature annealing after deposition can also reduce Cl content. The Cl content in a film formed at 500°C is reduced from 5.7 a/o to 2.7 a/o by annealing at 1000°C for 30 min. The resistivity of a film formed at 700°C is 80 μΩ · cm, which is lower than that of a film formed at lower temperatures. This reduction may be due to the decrease in Cl content.
Stimuli-responsive siRNA carriers for efficient gene silencing in tumors via systemic delivery (2013)

Development of efficient carriers for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery and validation tools for assessing in vivo RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency is crucial to advance RNAi-based therapeutics to the clinic. Here, acid-degradable ketalized linear polyethylenimine (KL-PEI) designed for efficient, stimuli-responsive, and biocompatible siRNA delivery was used to complex with GFP-silencing siRNA (GFP siRNA) for in vivo RNAi. The in vivo gene silencing efficiency of GFP siRNA/KL-PEI polyplexes was evaluated at mRNA, protein, and histological levels using a mouse bearing a GFP-expressing tumor. Intravenously injected GFP siRNA/KL-PEI polyplexes significantly reduced GFP expression in tumors and whole blood of mice, depending on the dosage of GFP siRNA and the time course. Average GFP mRNA levels in the tumors of siRNA/KL-PEI polyplex-injected mice were also reduced. The described siRNA carriers and RNAi validation methodologies in this study may provide insightful clues for the development of RNAi-based therapeutics and preclinical trials.
Ascending central canal dilation and progressive ependymal disruption in a contusion model of rodent chronic spinal cord injury (2007)

Cells of the ependymal region play an important role in CSF homeostasis, cellular signaling and wound repair in the spinal cord. The possible effects of this ascending pathology on ependymal function are discussed. Our studies suggest central canal dilation and ependymal region disruption as steps in the pathogenesis of chronic SCI, identify central canal dilation as a marker of chronic SCI and provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
Dimethyl p-Ethylbenzenephosphate (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDimethyl p-EthylbenzenephosphateRichard H. Wiley and Charles Harry JarboeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4996–4997Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01154a538https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a538research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views23Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Micro-magnetic resonance imaging study of live quail embryos during embryonic development (2010)

Eggs containing live Japanese quail embryos were imaged using micro-magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI) at 24-h intervals from Day 0 to 8, the period during which the main body axis is being laid down and organogenesis is taking place. Considerable detail of non-embryonic structures such as the latebra was revealed at early stages but the embryo could only be visualized around Day 3. Three-dimensional (3D) changes in embryo length and volume were quantified and also changes in volume in the extra- and non-embryonic components. The embryo increased in length by 43% and nearly trebled in volume between Day 4 and Day 5. Although the amount of yolk remained fairly constant over the first 5 days, the amount of albumen decreases significantly and was replaced by extra-embryonic fluid (EEF). ¹H longitudinal (T₁) and transverse (T₂) relaxation times of different regions within the eggs were determined over the first 6 days of development. The T₂ measurements mirrored the changes in image intensity observed, which can be related to the aqueous protein concentrations. In addition, a comparison of the development of Day 0 to 3 quail embryos exposed to radiofrequency (rf) pulses, 7 T static magnetic fields and magnetic field gradients for an average of 7 h with the development of control embryos did not reveal any gross changes, thus confirming that μMRI is a suitable tool for following the development of live avian embryos over time from the earliest stages.
Methotrexate Treatment Of Ectopic Pregnancy: Experience at Nizwa Hospital with Literature Review (2011)

Methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancies is safe and effective with no major side effects. Intramuscular methotrexate has the advantage of tubal conservation and saves patients from requiring surgery. It is easier to administer than intraoperative route, which is by laparoscopy and needs expertise. Our study showed single dose methotrexate to be an effective treatment option for selected patients with unruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy.
Remote monitoring and closed loop control system for social modernization in agricultural system using GSM and Zigbee technology (2014)

In agriculture field, the current agricultural practices need to intensify the rate of food crop production for the rate of population growth with available resources. This paper describes the automated system to make effective utilization of water resources for agriculture and crop growth monitoring using GSM and Zigbee technology. Firstly, this system utilized rainwater from the harvest rainwater tank for irrigation and then bore well water has been used. The water use efficiency is increased in drip irrigation system by using soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor and temperature sensor. The signals from the sensors are coordinated by the microcontroller and transmitted to irrigation control centre (ICC) through Zigbee wireless radio communication. The optimized water use for an agriculture crops has been achieved in the ICC successfully. The growth status of the crop also monitored using IR transceiver. The device that can report data to the cultivator remotely and the system allow them to effectively control through GSM.
Resource management for third generation cellular communication systems (2002)

In third generation wireless cellular communication systems, cell sizes are expected to become smaller in order to accommodate high user density and multimedia traffic. Resource allocation schemes will have to be flexible to handle heterogeneous traffic and be dynamically adapted to the time-varying channel and user mobility. We propose such a resource management strategy. We introduce the notion of a connection group, where a mobile user simultaneously connects to multiple base stations using multiple links. The number of base stations and which base station to connect to are functions of the time-varying channel, mobility, current bandwidth need, and quality of service requirement. Once a call is admitted into the network, the resource management strategy will allow the mobile to dynamically configure its connections in such a way to minimize call dropping probability, maximize signal quality, and increase channel resource utilization efficiency. The performance of the protocol is analyzed in terms of call blocking and dropping probabilities and channel resource utilization. Results show that the proposed resource management scheme can support multimedia traffic with low call blocking and dropping probabilities and high channel utilization efficiency.
Reaching Out (1994)

A genetic method was developed to determine, in proteins, areas which are tolerant of insertions and deletions. Attractive candidates for these areas are linker regions. Such a region was found to include positions 171 to 178 in the Escherichia coli regulatory protein AraC. Independent biochemical methods identified amino acid residues 11 to 170 as the minimal dimerization domain of AraC, and amino acid residues 178 to 286 out of the 291 residue protein as the minimal DNA-binding domain. Hence, by both the genetic and biochemical approaches, the interdomain linking region was determined to include amino acid residues 171 to 177. The properties of altered proteins were examined using templates with AraC half-sites more widely separated than in the wild-type case. Both AraC protein containing an insertion in the interdomain linker region and a protein consisting of the minimal functional dimerization and DNA-binding domains separated by a 39 amino acid residue linker were able to bind to and function on such a DNA site. In vitro, the proteins with longer linkers bound substantially more stably than wild-type AraC to the DNA containing half-sites for AraC separated by an extra two helical turns of DNA. In vivo on an ara promoter with the more widely separated AraC half-sites, the proteins could activate transcription much better than wild-type AraC.
Fiber-optic fan-beam absorption tomography (1992)

An absorption tomography instrument that is capable of acquiring 100 projections of 100 elements each in less than 200 ns is described. The instrument uses time-multiplexed, fiber-optic fan-beam sources that are sequentially activated in groups to reduce greatly the total number of detectors required for achieving a given resolution. The quantitative details required to tailor this instrument to a particular application are presented. A single-fiber prototype was used to verify the design and establish its sensitivity. The sensitivity is limited by laser-speckle noise. The fiber-optic fan-beam generator can produce an interdetector correlation of the projection noise, reducing the effect of this noise on the reconstruction. The noise is measured as a function of optic-fiber stability and size, laser bandwidth and mode stability, and detector size.
Litigated Learning, Law's Limits, and Urban School Reform Challenges (2007)

This Article assesses the likely efficacy of litigation efforts seeking to enhance equal educational opportunity by improving student academic achievement in the nation's urban public schools.Past education reform litigation efforts focusing on school desegregation and finance met with mixed success.Current litigation efforts seeking to improve student academic achievement promise to be even less successful because student academic achievement involves variables and activities located further from the reach of litigation than such variables as a school's racial composition and per pupil spending levels.Moreover, efforts to improve student achievement in the nation's urban public schools-especially high-poverty schools-face additional degrees of difficulty owing to the unique challenges that distinguish many urban public schools.That urban public school reform litigation efforts will confront significant difficulty in achieving their goals suggests only that litigation, as an instrument of social change, is not without its structural and institutional limits.