gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Correlation in Spin Excitations of Few-Electron Quantum Dots (2005)

We report inelastic light scattering measurements of spin and charge excitations in nanofabricated AlGaAs/GaAs quantum dots with few electrons. A narrow spin excitation peak is observed and assigned to the intershell triplet-to-singlet monopole mode of dots with four electrons. Configuration-interaction theory provides precise quantitative interpretations that uncover large correlation effects that are comparable to exchange Coulomb interactions.
Local control of axonal properties by schwann cells: Neurofilaments and axonal transport in homologous and heterologous nerve grafts (1991)

A number of axonal properties, including slow axonal transport and neurofilament phosphorylation, are altered in a mutant mouse strain with a Schwann cell deficiency, the Trembler. The Trembler phenotype is associated with poor myelination and reduced axonal caliber in the peripheral nervous system, but the genetic lesion has not yet been identified. To determine whether changes in axonal properties resulted from a direct action of Schwann cells on the axon, a segment of sciatic nerve from myelin-deficient Trembler mouse was grafted into the sciatic nerve of a normal mouse and normal axons were allowed to regenerate. Normal axons surrounded by Trembler Schwann cells are reduced in diameter, but resume their original diameter distal to the graft. Neurofilament transport was also affected locally in sciatic nerves with Trembler grafts into normal nerve. The velocity of neurofilament transport was not significantly different from controls in portions of the nerve proximal to the Trembler graft, but there was a reduction in neurofilament transport rates upon entering the Trembler graft. This was accompanied by an increase in the ratio of neurofilament over tubulin in the case of the Trembler graft, suggesting both a slowing of the neurofilament and an increase in the rate of tubulin transport. Using heterologous grafts of Trembler nerve segments into wildtype nerves, Schwann cells were shown to locally influence axonal caliber, neurofilament organization, and slow axonal transport. These observations emphasize the importance of glial cells in modulating neuronal structure and functions, as well as focusing attention on the role of glia in the etiology of neuropathologies that alter the neuronal environment.
The nature of kerolite, its relation to talc and stevensite (1977)

Summary Kerolites from Goles Mountain (Yugoslavia), Wiry (Poland), Madison Co. (North Carolina), and Kremze (Czechoslovakia) are compared with talc and stevensite. Chemical analyses give a composition for kerolite near R 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2 . n H 2 O with R mainly Mg and n about 0·8–1·2. Infra-red data and dehydration-rehydration experiments suggest that the additional water is partly surface-held hydrogen-bonded molecular water, lost up to about 300 °C and easily recoverable, and ‘water’ held as surface hydroxyls, lost at temperatures up to about 650 °C and less easily recoverable. The surface area of kerolite from North Carolina by nitrogen absorption measurements is 196 m 2 /g. X-ray data show broad basal reflections, a basal spacing (after Lorentz-polarization correction) of about 9·6 Å and a crystallite size of about five structural layers, which is consistent with the large surface area. Two-dimensional hk bands indicate a randomly stacked layer structure with b ≈ 9·14 Å and a crystallite ‘diameter’ of about 150 Å. The basal spacing shows no expansion in water and no thermal contraction up to 500°C. A partial and irregular swelling with ethylene glycol is obtained only after prolonged cxposure (several weeks). In both respects, kerolites differ from stevensite. Kerolites come close to talc in structure and composition but differ in having a highly random layer arrangement, a slightly enlarged basal spacing, which could be due to misfit of layers caused by random stacking, and weaker interlayer bonding. Kerolite is considered to be a useful varietal name for this talc-like mineral in agreement with the views of D'yakonov and of Maksimovic. It cannot be defined as serpentine + stevensite.
Test Results and Model for the Residual Compressive Strength of Concrete After a Fire (2011)

An investigation into temperature induced degradation of the compressive strength of concrete including that under cooling phase is carried out. The paper gathers and reviews a considerable amount of test data, considering the influence of different test parameters such as initial compressive strength, aggregate type, cooling regime and specimen shape. It is found that the compressive strength of concrete at high temperature is in accordance with the model proposed in the Eurocodes for calcareous concrete. However, during cooling phase, an additional reduction of compressive strength in concrete is observed, which can be as high as 20% of the initial strength for elevated temperatures around 500°C. Finally, a generic concrete model for temperature dependent compressive strength, accounting for both growth and cooling phase of temperature is proposed. The model can be used for simulating fire response of concrete structures subjected to natural fires or for the evaluation of residual load capacity of concrete structures after fire.
Method and System of Performance Monitoring to Detect VDSL Service Degradation (2010)

This paper presents an automated means to predicatively detect service degradation signatures or symptoms of VDSL (Very High Bit-rate Digital Line Subscriber) based on performance monitoring measurements. It describes a management structure and methodology for trouble sectionalization and isolation to verify and confirm problem locations. This paper also provides new computing techniques to determine loop and tap lengths based on loop attenuation at different tones. These computing techniques effectively lower the computing time so that the computing program can be deployed to support real time applications and process large numbers of lines in backend during automated processes. To improve the fault detection, we also include the methodology of SELT (Single Ended Loop Testing) as part of the performance monitoring process. With our methodology and management structure, the detection rate is 95% and false positive is ~0.01%. As a result, the implementation of automated performance monitoring capabilities to support Service Assurance (SA) operations has been generally satisfactory.
Elimination characteristics of disulfiram over time in five alcoholic volunteers: a preliminary study (1982)

The authors studied the elimination of disulfiram and its metabolites for 24 hours after disulfiram administration in five healthy male alcoholic volunteers. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, they found that a single 500-mg dose resulted in a gradual increase in plasma disulfiram and its metabolites, with peak levels generally occurring 8 hours after dosing. There was considerable interpatient variability (e.g., in one volunteer no disulfiram was detected during the entire 24-hour sampling period). The authors also found that breath carbon disulfide was 9.1% of the dose of disulfiram administered, which is less than that expected theoretically.
In vitro estimation of iron availability from a range of plant foods: influence of phytate, ascorbate and citrate (1987)

Plant foods were digested in vitro and the proportion of iron which diffused across a semi-permeable membrane was used as an index of Fe availability. The mean (with SEM) Fe diffusibility from a group of eighteen cereals, legumes and nuts was very low, 2.1 (0.25)%, whereas from a group of sixteen fruits and vegetables it was high, 31.7 (1.09)%. The difference between the two food groups was highly significant (P less than 0.001). The results for Fe diffusibility correlated well with literature values for the in vivo absorption of Fe from similar foods (r0.84, P less than 0.01). When phytate, citrate and ascorbate were added to selected foods in amounts corresponding to endogenous levels, only phytate and citrate gave the expected effects on Fe diffusibility. Ascorbate only enhanced Fe diffusibility to the expected extent when it was added in much larger amounts, not normally found in foods. When added to cereal foods, orange juice was found to enhance greatly Fe diffusibility even when its content of ascorbate was completely destroyed by boiling followed by prolonged storage. When citrate and ascorbate were added to cereal foods in amounts equivalent to those found in fresh orange juice, both enhanced Fe diffusibility but citrate was far more effective. It is concluded that phytate is a major inhibitor of Fe diffusibility in cereals, legumes and nuts. However, citrate rather than ascorbate would appear to be the major enhancer of Fe diffusibility from many fruits and vegetables. The implications of the present results are discussed in relation to the relative influence of phytate, citrate and ascorbate on dietary Fe availability.
Problems with the Slope Adjustment and Rate Adaptation in Rate Responsive Pacemakers: Oscillation Phenomena and Sudden Rate Jumps (1985)

SummaryThe recently developed rate-responsive pacemakers are a clinical alternative to dual chamber devices. Patients who are treated by these pulse generators have different underlying diseases and exercise profiles. The aim of the study was to investigate how the adjustment of the slope and rate adaptation can be improved individually by means of repeated exercise tests. The TX pacemaker and Helifix lead (Vitatron, The Netherlands) were implanted in 5 patients with AV-block IIP or sinus bradycardia. Using different bicycle exercise tests in the sitting position (stepwise increase of the work load; exercise at a high work load; short and long-term exercise) we tried to imitate the daily activity profile.In subsequent stress tests, a normalisation of the respiratory and hemodynamic parameters as well as stim.-T interval has to be achieved in order to avoid a delayed heart rate increase. If the pacemaker slope was programmed to > 80% of the theoretical value measured at rest (= 100%), sudden rate jumps were observed (“oscillation phenomenon”). Sudden rate jumps also occurred in patients with exercise-induced AV-block IF in whom the ‘tracking mode’ was not used. During the inhibition of the pacemaker by the rate increase, this mode decreases the stimulation interval in parallel. A “drift mode” slowly reduces the increased pacing rate in the case of elevated plasma catecholamine levels associated with myocardial failure. Conclusion: Although technical improvements have increased the reliability T-wave sensing, slope and rate adjustment to suit individual needs still remains a problem. The TX algorithm should allow repetitive and long-term exercise with adequate rate adaptation.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of the Pressor Effects of Levonordefrin (1984)

Levonordefrin, a common alternative to levoepinephrine as a vasoconstrictor in dental local anesthetic preparations, is usually used in fivefold higher concentrations, and, as such, is generally considered equivalent to epinephrine. We used anesthetized dogs that had autonomic reflexes blocked by mecamylamine to reevaluate the cardiovascular actions of intravenously administered nordefrin with respect to those of epinephrine and norepinephrine over a 100-fold dose range (0.1-10.0 micrograms/kg). Epinephrine caused a significantly greater pressor effect than nordefrin only at the highest dose studied; at low to moderate doses there was no significant difference between the two drugs. Blockade of alpha-adrenoceptors with phentolamine attenuated the peak pressor effects of all three agents. The epinephrine dose-response curve was suppressed more than the curves for norephinephrine and nordefrin, which were not significantly different from each other. Nordefrin was indistinguishable qualitatively from norepinephrine in that neither agent showed any evidence of beta 2-adrenoceptor vasodilation as seen with epinephrine. These findings suggest that nordefrin resembles norepinephrine rather than epinephrine in the receptor profile through which it produces its cardiovascular effects, and that the true potency difference between nordefrin and epinephrine with respect to pressor activity may be somewhat less than the fivefold difference commonly assumed.
Chronic Unilateral Eruption of Painful, Erythematous Papules and Nodules (2013)

A72-year-oldwhitewoman of German heritage presentedwith a 30-yearhistoryof several painful lesionson the left sideofherbody. Clinical examination revealednumerous tender, erythematouspapules and nodules over her left chest, flank, and lower extremity (Figure 1). The patient’s medical history was significant for hyperlipidemia, multiple uterine leiomyomas status after hysterectomy in 1972, and severe coronary artery disease status after coronary artery bypass grafting in 2004. The patient emigrated from GermanyshortlyafterWorldWar II; familialmedicalhistorywasnotavailable. Her medications were aspirin, warfarin, duloxetine, pregabalin, and atorvastatin. A shave biopsy was performed from a characteristic papule on the left lower extremity. Routine hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. What is your diagnosis?
ON BETWEEN-COEFFICIENT CONTRAST MASKING OF DCT BASIS FUNCTIONS (2007)

In this paper we propose a simple and effective model of visual between-coefficient contrast masking of DCT basis functions based on a human visual system (HVS). The model operates with the values of DCT coefficients of 8x8 pixel block of an image. For each DCT coefficient of the block the model allows to calculate its maximal distortion that is not visible due to the between-coefficient masking. A modification of the PSNR is also described in this paper. The proposed metric, PSNR-HVS-M, takes into account the proposed model and the contrast sensitivity function (CSF). For efficiency analysis of the proposed model, a set of 18 test images with different effects of noise masking has been used. During experiments, 155 observers have sorted this set of test images in the order of their visual appearance comparing them to undistorted original. The new metric, PSNRHVS-M has outperformed other well-known reference based quality metrics and demonstrated high correlation with the results of subjective experiments (Spearman correlation is 0.984, Kendall correlation is 0.948).
Dietary glycine concentration affects intestinal Clostridium perfringens and lactobacilli populations in broiler chickens1 (2005)

Previous studies have reported that intestinal populations of Clostridium perfringens, the causative agent of necrotic enteritis (NE), are correlated with diets high in glycine. To establish a direct causative link, 3 trials were conducted to examine the effect of dietary glycine levels on gut populations of C. perfringens, alpha-toxin production, and NE lesion scores in broiler chickens. In trials 1 and 2, 12 groups of 4 birds were fed 4 different ideal protein-balanced diets formulated to contain 0.75, 1.58, 3.04, or 4.21% glycine from d 14 to 28 of age. In trial 3, 24 groups of 4 birds were given 6 different ideal protein-balanced diets formulated to contain 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, or 4.00% glycine. All birds were orally challenged with a broth culture of C. perfringens type A on d 1 and between d 14 and 21 of age and killed on d 28. The majority of birds showed clinical signs of NE with 4.16 to 8.33% mortality in the 3 trials. The highest mortality and intestinal lesion scores were observed in chickens receiving 3.04% glycine in trials 1 and 2, and 4.00% glycine in trial 3. Clostridium perfringens populations in the cecum varied quadratically with increasing dietary glycine, with the maximal response seen at 3.30,3.89, and 3.51% dietary glycine in trials 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Numbers of lactobacilli in cecum declined significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of glycine. The results suggest that dietary glycine level has a significant effect on C. perfringens and lactobacilli populations and may be a predisposing factor for NE in broiler chickens.
Integrating engineered point spread functions into the phasor-based single-molecule localization microscopy framework (2020)

In single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), the use of engineered point spread functions (PSFs) provides access to three-dimensional localization information. The conventional approach of fitting PSFs with a single 2-dimensional Gaussian profile, however, often falls short in analyzing complex PSFs created by placing phase masks, deformable mirrors or spatial light modulators in the optical detection pathway. Here, we describe the integration of PSF modalities known as double-helix, saddle-point or tetra-pod into the phasor-based SMLM (pSMLM) framework enabling fast CPU based localization of single-molecule emitters with sub-pixel accuracy in three dimensions. For the double-helix PSF, pSMLM identifies the two individual lobes and uses their relative rotation for obtaining z-resolved localizations. For the analysis of saddle-point or tetra-pod PSFs, we present a novel phasor-based deconvolution approach entitled circular-tangent pSMLM. Saddle-point PSFs were experimentally realized by placing a deformable mirror in the Fourier plane and modulating the incoming wavefront with specific Zernike modes. Our pSMLM software package delivers similar precision and recall rates to the best-in-class software package (SMAP) at signal-to-noise ratios typical for organic fluorophores and achieves localization rates of up to 15 kHz (double-helix) and 250 kHz (saddle-point/tetra-pod) on a standard CPU. We further integrated pSMLM into an existing software package (SMALL-LABS) suitable for single-particle imaging and tracking in environments with obscuring backgrounds. Taken together, we provide a powerful hardware and software environment for advanced single-molecule studies.
Internalization and phagosome escape required for<i>Francisella</i>to induce human monocyte IL-1β processing and release (2005)

Macrophage responses to Francisella infection have been characterized previously by subdued proinflammatory responses; however, these studies have generally focused on macrophage cell lines or monocyte-derived macrophages. Therefore, we studied the ability of fresh human blood monocytes to engulf and respond to Francisella by using the live vaccine strain variant and Francisella novicida. Because Francisella organisms have been reported to escape from the phagolysosome into the cytosol, we hypothesized that this escape may trigger the activation of caspase-1. Francisella tularensis variants were readily taken up by fresh human CD14(+) monocytes, inducing the release of IL-1beta, as well as IL-8, in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Importantly, whereas live and dead Escherichia coli, F. novicida, and live vaccine strain, as well as the LPS of E. coli, were able to induce abundant IL-1beta mRNA synthesis and intracellular pro-IL-1beta production, only live Francisella induced enhanced IL-1beta processing and release (51 +/- 10 vs. 7.1 +/- 2.1 ng/ml, for F. novicida vs. E. coli LPS; P = 0.0032). Cytochalasin D blocked the Francisella internalization and the Francisella-induced monocyte IL-1beta processing and release but not that induced by the exogenous stimulus E. coli LPS. Also, killing bacteria did not block uptake but significantly diminished the IL-1beta processing and release that was induced by Francisella. Blocking bacterial escape from the phagosome into the cytosol also decreased IL-1beta but not IL-8 release. These findings demonstrate that Francisella organisms efficiently induce IL-1beta processing and release in fresh monocytes by means of a sensing system that requires the uptake of live bacteria capable of phagosome escape.
Polyphosphate modifies the fibrin network and down-regulates fibrinolysis by attenuating binding of tPA and plasminogen to fibrin (2010)

Activated platelets secrete a negatively charged polymer, polyphosphate (polyP). Here, we explore the interactions of polyP with fibrin(ogen) and its effect on fibrin structure and fibrinolysis. Electrophoretic mobility and binding assays indicate that polyP interacts with fibrinogen and soluble fibrin. Clots formed in the presence of polyP exhibited reduced turbidity and permeability indicative of a tighter fibrin network, but these changes were not related to cross-linking or fibrinopeptide release. Microscopy showed a change in fibrin distribution in clots formed with polyP; with formation of tight aggregates of fibrin fibers interspaced with large pores in contrast to homogenous fiber distribution in control clots. Lysis by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen or plasmin was delayed in clots formed with polyP and depended on both the activator and polyP concentration. Adding polyP to the clot after fibrin formation or to repolymerizing soluble fibrin did not affect lysis, indicating changes induced by polyP occur at the level of conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Surface plasmon resonance showed that the presence of polyP reduced the binding of both plasminogen and tPA to partially lysed fibrin surfaces. These data show that polyP directly influences fibrin architecture and attenuates fibrinolysis through reduced binding of fibrinolytic proteins.
Algorithm 749: fast discrete cosine transform (1995)

An in-place algorithm for the fast, direct computation of the forward and inverse discrete cosine transform is presented and evaluated. The transform length may be an arbitrary power of two.
THE EFFECT OF GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS ON THE KINETICS OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES (1970)

The effect of glucocorticosteroids on the kinetics of mononuclear phagocytes, i.e., peripheral blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages, was studied in normal mice, as well as in mice in which an inflammatory reaction was evoked in the peritoneal cavity. The administration of glucocorticosteroids resulted in a rapid decrease (within 3-6 hr) in the number of circulating monocytes, the duration being dependent on the nature and dose of the compound. The water-soluble dexamethasone sodium phosphate is only briefly active (less than 12 hr), but hydrocortisone acetate, which forms a subcutaneous depot, reduced the number of monocytes for more than 2 wk. In normal mice, hydrocortisone did not affect the number of macrophages already present in the peritoneal cavity, but the transit of mononuclear phagocytes from the circulation into the peritoneal cavity was arrested. During an inflammatory response in the peritoneal cavity, hydrocortisone suppresses both the increase in the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood and the increase in the number of peritoneal macrophages. This reduction of the inflammatory exudate appeared to be due to a diminished influx of mononuclear phagocytes from the peripheral blood. No lytic action of glucocorticosteroids on the mononuclear phagocytes could be demonstrated.
REVIEWS (1992)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access THEATRE OF HORROR: CRIME AND PUNISHMENT IN EARLY MODERN GERMANY. By RICHARD VAN DULMEN. Trans. by ELISABETH NEU. (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990. 145 pp. plus notes and index. £35.00). David Garland David Garland Faculty of Law, University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 32, Issue 1, Winter 1992, Pages 100–101, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a048163 Published: 01 January 1992