gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric Plasma Deposition of Coatings Using a Capacitive Discharge Source (2005)

Abstract In this paper, a review is provided of the plasma‐enhanced (PE)CVD of thin films using an atmospheric‐pressure (AP) capacitive discharge source. This source is unique in that the organometallic precursors are fed downstream of the plasma, where reactions occur exclusively between neutral molecules, radicals, and the substrate surface. As a result, the properties of the films differ from those obtained in low‐pressure (<1 torr) gas discharges. For example, glass may be deposited on plastic with no carbon contamination and less than 15 mol‐% hydroxyl groups, yielding material with good scratch protection. Silicon nitride and amorphous hydrogenated silicon films have also been prepared by AP‐PECVD. These material processes further illustrate the unique attributes of this new deposition technology.
<title>Performance of multiple quantum well edge-emitting LED</title> (1994)

This paper describes a 1.3-micrometers edge-emitting LED (light-emitting diode) with multiple quantum well structure. We introduce quantum well structure to the emission region in order to improve the thermal stability of the optical output power. The least temperature dependence and the highest optical output power are obtained at ten quantum wells. In the range from -30 degree(s)C to 85 degree(s)C, the temperature coefficient of the optical output power and the peak wavelength are - 0.87%/ degree(s)C, 0.52 nm/ degree(s)C, respectively. The LED yields a coupled power of 20 (mu) W into a single-mode fiber at a driving current of 100 mA and 25 degree(s)C.
Data wireless Optic transmission technique and Power efficient modify method with luminance control in Signboard (2010)

본 논문에서는 LED를 이용한 전광판의 구조를 살펴보고 에너지 효율 및 제작기법의 방법에 대해 연구하고자 한다. 이와 같은 전광판은 바쁜 일상에 젖어있는 대중들에게 짧은 시간을 통해 새로운 뉴스 정보를 전달하는가 하면 광고매체를 전달하는 용도로 사용되어지고 있다. 최근 많은 문화 콘텐츠 또는 예술작품을 디지털화하여 디스플레이 함으로써 도시 공간에서 잠시나마 마음의 여유를 갖게 한다. 최근 대형화 되어 가고 있는 전광판 및 미디어파사드에 IR을 이용한 광 컨버터 데이터 전송기법을 제안하고 외부 환경 즉 날씨라든지 밤낮을 인식하여 적절한 휘도를 유지할 수 있는 제어기기를 설치함으로써 전력 효율을 높이는 방안을 연구했다.
Resistance Training With Creatine Monohydrate Improves Upper-Body Strength in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Trial (2007)

These findings demonstrate that creatine supplementation can enhance the benefits of resistance training in patients with PD.
Microsatellite instability and deletion analysis of chromosome 10 in human prostate cancer (1996)

Despite the clinical relevance of prostate cancer, few aspects regarding the molecular alterations involved in the process of prostate carcinogenesis are clearly understood. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies have identified specific abnormalities in prostate tumors, mainly on chromosomes 8, 10 and 16. On the basis of these findings, we designed a study to further characterize the altered regions on chromosome 10, using 15 microsatellite markers on a population composed of 20 paired normal and primary non-metastatic prostatic-tumor samples. Overall, 65% (13/20) of the cases analyzed showed molecular alterations, mainly rearrangements and deletions. The locus presenting the highest rate of abnormalities was D1OS221, which maps to 10q23-q24. Another region with frequent alterations was 10q21, at the DIOS109 locus. There was no statistical association between microsatellite abnormalities and Gleason grade or tumor stage in the prostate cancer cases studied. These results suggest that microsatellite alterations on the long arm of chromosome 10 are non-random events occurring in prostate cancer and that they may play a role in the process of tumorigenesis in these neoplasms.
Prospects for the development of malaria vaccines. (1981)

The collection of epidemiological data on malaria in man dates from the time of the discovery of the human-pathogenic plasmodia, and, in retrospect, many of these observations can be seen to have an immunological connotation. This circumstantial evidence of the immunological phenomena in malaria was obtained during the first quarter of this century through the analysis of parasitological, clinical, and epidemiological data. The second quarter brought confirmation of the existence of a variety of immune phenomena in the naturally infected host, and the development of a number of animal models which proved to be useful in immunological studies. Also during that period the first successful attempts at inducing immune protection in experimental hosts were recorded. This work was considerably expanded during the 1970s and culminated in the evidence of sterilizing protective immunity against homologous challenge in human subjects immunized with irradiated sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. The development of immunodiagnostic methods, including serological techniques, made rapid progress during the same period. Recently, the application of the cell-fusion (hybridoma) technique to malaria has made it possible to produce pure, monoclonal antibodies, some of which have proved to be protective. These monoclonal antibodies should be useful in the isolation of pure, specific antigens and the use of gene cloning, and recombinant DNA techniques seems to offer realistic prospects of success in mass production. Development in this area has gathered momentum rapidly and the fact that specialized industries are now interested in the production of malaria vaccines is evidence enough that such vaccines have moved into the sphere of possibility.
Design of Ultra-Low Power Pulse-Driven MEMS Oscillator (2020)

This paper presents an energy efficient pulse-driven on-chip MEMS oscillator which consists of MEMS resonator and sustaining CMOS circuit. Conventional oscillators are driven by means of an inverter-based amplifier low-pass filtered through a series resistor. However, this architecture suffers from multiple energy losses. Firstly, the inverter amplifier is driven by a sinusoidal input, thus consuming significant static power. Additional power is also consumed by the series resistance. The proposed pulsed driver provides a 180° degree shift, effectively replacing the amplifier. The driver injects energy in the oscillator by periodically switching one oscillator end to V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> when the other end reaches the bottom voltage, and to V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SS</sub> when the other end reaches the peak voltage. The proposed configuration reduces the static power consumption, as the switch is driven by two rectangular voltages and reduces leakage by activating only one of the two switches at a time. This pulse-driven oscillator, running at 33.14kHz, is simulated to consume 835pW when driven at 0.8V, leading to more than ×15 power saving with respect to the traditional configuration, which consumes 13.2nW.
A Random Model for Micro-Slip Between Nominally Flat Surfaces (1997)

A random surface model has been developed for the deformations of contacting surfaces subjected to both normal and tangential load. The model is restricted to nominally flat (rough) elastic surfaces in contact with perfectly flat (smooth) elastic surfaces. The deformations of the asperities are assumed to be independent of each other and the heights of the asperities are assumed to be randomly distributed. Depending on the height of an asperity, it will either slip or stick. The relation between tangential deformation and load will consequently be non-linear and this effect is often named micro-slip. Results are presented for two types of deformation laws for the individual asperities, with three different asperity height distributions. The results show typical micro-slip behaviour, independent of both the individual asperity deformation and the type of asperity height distribution. The influence of the standard deviation of asperity heights is strong and is an important factor when determining the micro-slip of nominally flat surfaces in contact.
CHAPTER 8. The Group III-Nitride Material Class: from Preparation to Perspectives in Photoelectrocatalysis (2013)

In this chapter, the physical properties of group III-nitride compound semiconductors are reviewed in the context of their potential application as semiconducting material in photoelectrocatalytic solar fuel structures. The band alignments in the InN-GaN-AlN-InN alloy system are summarized and discussed with respect to potential catalysts and the relevant HOMO and LUMO states, showing the potential for providing efficient charge transfer in photoelectrochemical cell structures. The present status in group III-nitride materials – fabrication, ternary alloy formation, stabilization and integration into envisioned materials structures – is presented together with challenges that have to be addressed to enable realization of the full potential of group III-nitrides to contribute to high-efficiency energy conversion and utilization.
A simpler 100-V polysilicon TFT with improved turn-on characteristics (1990)

An improved polysilicon high-voltage thin-film transistor (HVTFT) structure for eliminating the current-pinching phenomenon often observed in the conventional offset-gate polysilicon HVTFTs is discussed. The device employs, in lieu of implantation, a metal field plate overlapping the entire offset region to control the conductivity of the offset region. By properly biasing the field plate to distribute the drain electric field at both ends, high-voltage operation of up to 100 V, suitable for many large-area applications, is achieved. Good turn-on characteristics without current pinching effects are consistently obtained. The structure also eliminates the lightly doped drain implant required in conventional offset-gate HVTFTs, resulting in a simpler and more reproducible process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Approach for Network Outage Detection from Drive-Testing Databases (2012)

A data-mining framework for analyzing a cellular network drive testing database is described in this paper. The presented method is designed to detect sleeping base stations, network outage, and change of the dominance areas in a cognitive and self-organizing manner. The essence of the method is to find similarities between periodical network measurements and previously known outage data. For this purpose, diffusion maps dimensionality reduction and nearest neighbor data classification methods are utilized. The method is cognitive because it requires training data for the outage detection. In addition, the method is autonomous because it uses minimization of drive testing (MDT) functionality to gather the training and testing data. Motivation of classifying MDT measurement reports to periodical, handover, and outage categories is to detect areas where periodical reports start to become similar to the outage samples. Moreover, these areas are associated with estimated dominance areas to detected sleeping base stations. In the studied verification case, measurement classification results in an increase of the amount of samples which can be used for detection of performance degradations, and consequently, makes the outage detection faster and more reliable.
EXPLOITING NONLINEAR DYNAMICS TO STORE AND PROCESS INFORMATION (2008)

By applying nonlinear dynamics to the dense storage of information, we demonstrate how a single nonlinear dynamical element can store M items, where M is variable and can be large. This provides the capability for naturally storing data in different bases or in different alphabets and can be used to implement multilevel logic. Further we show how this method of storing information can serve as a preprocessing tool for (exact or inexact) pattern matching searches. Since our scheme involves just a single procedural step, it is naturally set up for parallel implementation and can be realized with hardware currently employed for chaos-based computing architectures.
Thermal Stress Effects on Certain Blood Characteristics of Adult Male Turkeys (1971)

THERMAL effects upon certain blood characteristics of fowl have not been dealt with to any great extent. Griminger et at. (1965) noted that a hot environment (32°C.) caused a slower clotting of blood in chickens and was possibly due to a decreased vitamin K intake brought about by decreased feed consumption. Huston (1965) and Gee and Huston (1965) found that the hematocrits of chickens at an ambient temperature of 30°C. were significantly lower than those of birds grown in cooler environments, and that birds held in cooler environments had higher erythrocyte concentrations. They also observed that deprivation of water raised the hematocrit of birds. Wels (1966) noticed that in cockerels, the red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values rose 13 to 15% when the birds were deprived of water. Subaschandran and Balloun (1967) reported that hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were significantly lower and hemodilution occurred in heat-stressed chickens as…
Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondrial Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress Determine Induction of Cancer Cell Death by p21 (2012)

p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that mediates cell cycle arrest. Prolonged p21 up-regulation induces a senescent phenotype in normal and cancer cells, accompanied by an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, it has been shown recently that p21 expression can also lead to cell death in certain models. The mechanisms involved in this process are not fully understood. Here, we describe an induction of apoptosis by p21 in sarcoma cell lines that is p53-independent and can be ameliorated with antioxidants. Similar levels of p21 and ROS caused senescence in the absence of significant death in other cancer cell lines, suggesting a cell-specific response. We also found that cells undergoing p21-dependent cell death had higher sensitivity to oxidants and a specific pattern of mitochondrial polarization changes. Consistent with this, apoptosis could be blocked with targeted expression of catalase in the mitochondria of these cells. We propose that the balance between cancer cell death and arrest after p21 up-regulation depends on the specific effects of p21-induced ROS on the mitochondria. This suggests that selective up-regulation of p21 in cancer cells could be a successful therapeutic intervention for sarcomas and tumors with lower resistance to mitochondrial oxidative damage, regardless of p53 status.
Dietary Intake of Fiber and Decreased Risk of Cancers of the Colon and Rectum: Evidence From the Combined Analysis of 13 Case-Control Studies (1992)

If causality is assumed, we estimate that risk of colorectal cancer in the U.S. population could be reduced about 31% (50,000 cases annually) by an average increase in fiber intake from food sources of about 13 g/d, corresponding to an average increase of about 70%.
Enantioselective total synthesis of harmonine, a defence alkaloid of ladybugs (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (1991)

Abstract An efficient and highly enantioselective (ee > 97%) total synthesis of the ladybug defence alkaloid (17 R ,9 Z )‐1,17‐diaminooctadec‐9‐ene [( R,Z )‐1, harmonine] in good overall yield is described. As the key step for the generation of the stereogenic center, asymmetric CC bond formation by nucleophilic addition of methyllithium to an aldehyde SAMP hydrazone is used.
Monte Carlo simulations of dose from microCT imaging procedures in a realistic mouse phantom (2005)

The purpose of this work was to calculate radiation dose and its organ distribution in a realistic mouse phantom from micro-computed tomography (microCT) imaging protocols. CT dose was calculated using GATE and a voxelized, realistic phantom. The x-ray photon energy spectra used in simulations were precalculated with GATE and validated against previously published data. The number of photons required per simulated experiments was determined by direct exposure measurements. Simulated experiments were performed for three types of beams and two types of mouse beds. Dose-volume histograms and dose percentiles were calculated for each organ. For a typical microCT screening examination with a reconstruction voxel size of 200 microm, the average whole body dose varied from 80 mGy (at 80 kVp) to 160 mGy (at 50 kVp), showing a strong dependence on beam hardness. The average dose to the bone marrow is close to the soft tissue average. However, due to dose nonuniformity and higher radiation sensitivity, 5% of the marrow would receive an effective dose about four times higher than the average. If CT is performed longitudinally, a significant radiation dose can be given. The total absorbed radiation dose is a function of milliamperes-second, beam hardness, and desired image quality (resolution, noise and contrast). To reduce dose, it would be advisable to use the hardest beam possible while maintaining an acceptable contrast in the image.
Electrochemical preparation and control of stoichiometry for donor-halide salts: TTFXn and TSeFXn (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical preparation and control of stoichiometry for donor-halide salts: TTFXn and TSeFXnF. B. Kaufman, E. M. Engler, D. C. Green, and J. Q. ChambersCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 6, 1596–1597Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00422a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00422a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cdc2-Cyclin B Phosphorylates p70 S6 Kinase on Ser411at Mitosis (1998)

The carboxyl terminus of p70 S6 kinase (p70(s6k)) has a set of Ser and Thr residues (Ser411, Ser418, Ser424, and Thr421) phosphorylated in vivo by an unidentified kinase(s). These Ser/Thr sites are immediately followed by proline, a motif that is commonly seen in the substrates of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) and mitogen-activated protein kinases. A previous study has shown that Cdc2 (Cdk1) indeed phosphorylates these p70(s6k) Ser/Thr residues in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that Cdc2-cyclin B complex phosphorylates Ser411 in the KIRSPRR sequence, whereas other Cdk-cyclin complexes including those containing Cdk2, Cdk4, or Cdk6 do not. Additionally, Ser411 phosphorylation in vivo was increased at mitosis in parallel with Cdc2 activation, and it was suppressed by a dominant negative form of Cdc2. These data indicate that p70(s6k) is a physiological substrate of Cdc2-cyclin B in mitosis. Since the activity of p70(s6k) is low during mitosis, Cdc2-cyclin B may play a role in inactivating p70(s6k) during mitosis, where protein synthesis is suppressed.
Characterization of key parameters for biotechnological lignocellulose conversion assessed by FT-NIR spectroscopy. Part 1. Qualitative analysis of pretreated straw (2010)

Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) and oat straw (Avena sativa L.) were subjected to acid and alkaline pre-treatments partly in combination with hydrogen peroxide. The aim was to remove lignin and increase the accessibility of the polysaccharides to enzymatic digestion. Accessibility was evaluated by digestion with a cell wall degrading enzyme complex to yield reducing sugars that may serve as precursor substrates for biofuels or building block chemicals. Changes in lignin, hemicelluloses, as well as amorphous, semi-crystalline, and crystalline regions of cellulose moieties of pretreated straw were efficiently characterized by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy. These alterations of the chemical structure of straw after different pre-treatment methods were powerfully differentiated by principal component analysis (PCA). Characteristics of the different samples owing to the different pre-treatment methods could be clustered from the PCA loadings spectra.
Lysophosphatidic acid inhibits anti‐Fas‐mediated apoptosis enhanced by actin depolymerization in epithelial ovarian cancer (2005)

Conflicting reports exist on the effect of actin depolymerization in anti-Fas-induced apoptosis. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has been found to inhibit apoptosis in variable cell types. In this study, we evaluated LPA's protective effects on anti-Fas-induced apoptosis enhanced by actin depolymerization and possible mechanisms in epithelial ovarian cancer. OVCAR3 cells were pretreated with vehicle or LPA, then treated with Cytochalasin D (Cyto D), followed with anti-Fas mAb to induce apoptosis. Cells were stained with apoptotic markers and analyzed by flow cytometry. We report that LPA inhibited anti-Fas-induced apoptosis enhanced by actin depolymerization. Immunoprecipition of Fas death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and Western blot suggested that the actin depolymerization accelerated caspase-8 activation, while LPA inhibited the association and activation of caspase-8 at the DISC. LPA inhibited caspase-3 and 7 activation induced by anti-Fas and/or Cyto D in cytosols. Phosphorylation of ERK and Bad112 by LPA may play a role in preventing caspase-3 activation through mitochondrial pathway induced by Cyto D. Our investigation found that LPA inhibited anti-Fas-induced apoptosis enhanced by actin depolymerization, and LPA may protect epithelial ovarian cancer from immune cell attack and cytoskeleton disrupting reagents induced apoptosis through multiple pathways.
Involvement of p54(nrb), a PSF partner protein, in DNA double-strand break repair and radioresistance (2009)

Mammalian cells repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via efficient pathways of direct, nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). Prior work has identified a complex of two polypeptides, PSF and p54(nrb), as a stimulatory factor in a reconstituted in vitro NHEJ system. PSF also stimulates early steps of HR in vitro. PSF and p54(nrb) are RNA recognition motif-containing proteins with well-established functions in RNA processing and transport, and their apparent involvement in DSB repair was unexpected. Here we investigate the requirement for p54(nrb) in DSB repair in vivo. Cells treated with siRNA to attenuate p54(nrb) expression exhibited a delay in DSB repair in a gamma-H2AX focus assay. Stable knockdown cell lines derived by p54(nrb) miRNA transfection showed a significant increase in ionizing radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations. They also showed increased radiosensitivity in a clonogenic survival assay. Together, results indicate that p54(nrb) contributes to rapid and accurate repair of DSBs in vivo in human cells and that the PSF.p54(nrb) complex may thus be a potential target for radiosensitizer development.