gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drop Retention Force as a Function of Drop Size (2008)

The force, f, required to slide a drop past a surface is often considered in the literature as linear with the drop width, w, so that f/w = const. Furthermore, according to the Dussan equation for the case that the advancing and receding contact angles are constant with drop size, one can further simplify the above proportionality to f/V(1/3) = const where V is the drop volume. We show, however, that experimentally f/V(1/3) is usually a decaying function of V (rather than constant). The retention force increases with the time the drop rested on the surface prior to sliding. We show that this rested-time effect is similar for different drop sizes, and thus the change of f/V(1/3) with V occurs irrespective of the rested-time effect which suggests that the two effects are induced by different physical phenomena. The time effect is induced by the unsatisfied normal component of the Young equation which slowly deforms the surface with time, while the size effect is induced by time independent properties. According to the Dussan equation, the change of f/V(1/3) with V is also expressed in contact angle variation. Our results, however, show that contact angle variation that is within the scatter suffices to explain the significant force variation. Thus, it is easier to predict contact angle variation based on force variation rather than predicting force variation based on contact angle variation. A decrease of f/V(1/3) with V appears more common in the system studied compared to an increase.
HrpG, a Key<i>hrp</i>Regulatory Protein of<i>Xanthomonas campestris</i>pv.<i>vesicatoria</i>Is Homologous to Two-Component Response Regulators (1996)

Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria is the causal agent of bacterial spot disease of pepper and tomato plants. Expression of its basic pathogenicity genes, the hrp genes, is induced in planta and in XVM2 medium and is dependent on the hrp regulatory gene hrpXv for five out of six loci in the 23-kb hrp cluster. Here we describe the isolation of a novel hrp gene, hrpG, that was identified after chemical mutagenesis and that is located next to the hrpXv gene. In a hrpG mutant induction of expression of the seven loci hrpA to hrpF, and hrpXv is abolished, suggesting that hrpG functions at the top of the hrp gene regulatory cascade. hrpG is the only gene in the locus and encodes a putative protein of 263 amino acids with a molecular mass of 28.9 kDa. The HrpG amino acid sequence shows similarity to response regulator proteins of the OmpR subclass of two-component systems, being mostly related to the ChvI proteins of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhizobium spp., and TctD of Salmonella typhimurium. Expression of hrpG is low in complex medium, is increased in XVM2 by a factor of four, and is independent of other hrp loci. A model on hrp gene regulation in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria is discussed.
Composites get in deep with new-generation engine (2006)

George Marsh investigates the growing use of composites in aircraft jet engines.
Calculated and experimental absolute stereochemistry of the styrene and .beta.-methylstyrene epoxides formed by cytochrome P 450cam (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCalculated and experimental absolute stereochemistry of the styrene and .beta.-methylstyrene epoxides formed by cytochrome P 450camJulia A. Fruetel, Jack R. Collins, Debra L. Camper, Gilda H. Loew, and Paul R. Ortiz de MontellanoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 18, 6987–6993Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00044a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00044a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views404Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Proprotein Convertases Furin and PACE4 Play a Significant Role in Tumor Progression (2000)

Processing of latent precursor proteins by proprotein convertases (PCs) into their biologically active products is a common mechanism required for many important biologic functions. This process is tightly regulated, leading to the generation of active peptides and proteins including neuropeptides and polypeptide hormones, protein tyrosine phosphatases, growth factors and their receptors, and enzymes including matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). These processing reactions occurs at pairs of basic amino acids. Within the past several years, a novel family of Ca(2+)-dependent serine proteases has been identified, all of which possess homology to the endoproteases subtilisin (bacteria) and kexin (yeast). This family of PCs is currently comprised of fewer than a dozen members, known as furin/paired basic amino-acid-cleaving enzyme (PACE), PC1/PC3, PC2, PC4, PACE4, PC5/PC6, and PC7/PC8/lymphoma proprotein convertase. They share a high degree of amino-acid identity of 50-75% within their catalytic domains. Despite the relatively high degree of homology in the PC family, only PACE4 and furin localize to the same chromosome: mouse chromosome 7 and human chromosome 15. Recent reports have supported a possible functional role for PCs in tumorigenesis. For instance, convertases have been shown to be expressed in various tumor lines and human primary tumors. Furin and PACE4 process stromelysin 3 (MMP-11 or Str-3), an MMP involved in tumor invasion, into its mature, active form. Similarly, a growing family of MMPs, known as membrane-type metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs), and growth factors and adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin show similar amino-acid motifs and thus could be activated by furin and PACE4. These data, taken together with the high expression levels of PACE4 in 50% of murine chemically induced spindle cell tumors, confer to PACE4 and possibly other PCs a possible functional role in the activation of MMPs and consequently in tumor cell invasion and tumor progression. This was further supported by the remarkable enhancement in the invasive ability of the PACE4-transfected murine tumor cell lines. Mol. Carcinog. 28:63-69, 2000.
Components of the angiotensin system cause release of a neutrophil chemoattractant from cultured bovine and human endothelial cells (1990)

Evidence suggests that angiotensin II can affect macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses; however, whether it can affect neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses is not yet clear. We have previously demonstrated that components of the angiotensin system simulate bovine aortic and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to release a neutrophil chemoattractant. In the current study, we examined the effect of components of the angiotensin system on bovine and human pulmonary arterial and human aortic endothelial cells, and partially characterized this neutrophil chemoattractant. All endothelial cell types incubated with angiotensin II released neutrophil chemoattractant activity. This activity appeared within 1 min of exposure to angiotensin II, and was blocked by saralasin, an angiotensin II antagonist. The neutrophil chemoattractant also appeared after exposure to angiotensin I, but this effect required conversion to angiotensin II. Incubation with bradykinin, another substrate for angiotensin-converting enzyme, did not cause release of the neutrophil chemoattractant. Chemoattractant release was not inhibited by indomethacin but was blocked by diethylcarbamazine or 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid. Following extraction, the neutrophil chemoattractant partitioned completely into the organic phase. High-pressure liquid chromatography demonstrated several peaks of chemoactivity, none of which co-eluted with known eicosanoid or phospholipid neutrophil chemoattractants. This study demonstrates that angiotensin II may influence neutrophil accumulation via production of neutrophil chemoattractant activity by vascular endothelial cells.
The Cotton <i>ACTIN1</i> Gene Is Functionally Expressed in Fibers and Participates in Fiber Elongation (2005)

Single-celled cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsutum) provides a unique experimental system to study cell elongation. To investigate the role of the actin cytoskeleton during fiber development, 15 G. hirsutum ACTIN (GhACT) cDNA clones were characterized. RNA gel blot and real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that GhACT genes are differentially expressed in different tissues and can be classified into four groups. One group, represented by GhACT1, is expressed predominantly in fiber cells and was studied in detail. A 0.8-kb GhACT1 promoter sufficient to confirm its fiber-specific expression was identified. RNA interference of GhACT1 caused significant reduction of its mRNA and protein levels and disrupted the actin cytoskeleton network in fibers. No defined actin network was observed in these fibers and, consequently, fiber elongation was inhibited. Our results suggested that GhACT1 plays an important role in fiber elongation but not fiber initiation.
Genetic Polymorphism of N-acetylation of Isoniazid with Non-insulin-dependent diabeters Mellitus Patients in Japanese. (1992)

1. Determination of isoniazid acetylation phenotype was carried out in 213 Japanese patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (control group) and 52 Japanese patients with both non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis (NIDDM group). 2. Distribution of the log (INH/AcINH) ratio of the Japanese population was observed in the two groups. 3. Assuming an antimode of 0.6, the proportion of slow acetylators was found to be 10.0% in Japanese pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and 3.6% in Japanese NIDDM patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. These differences were not significant statistically.
Effects of Electrodes on the Switching Behavior of Strontium Titanate Nickelate Resistive Random Access Memory (2015)

Strontium titanate nickelate (STN) thin films on indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate were synthesized using the sol-gel method for resistive random access memory (RRAM) applications. Aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) were used as top electrodes in the STN-based RRAM to probe the switching behavior. The bipolar resistive switching behavior of the set and reset voltages is in opposite bias in the Al/STN/ITO and Pt/STN/ITO RRAMs, which can be partly ascribed to the different work functions of top electrodes in the ITO. Analyses of the fitting results and temperature-dependent performances showed that the Al/STN/ITO switching was mainly attributed to the absorption/release of oxygen-based functional groups, whereas the Pt/STN/ITO switching can be associated with the diffusion of metal electrode ions. The Al/STN/ITO RRAM demonstrated a high resistance ratio of >106 between the high-resistance state (HRS) and the low-resistance state (LRS), as well as a retention ability of >105 s. Furthermore, the Pt/STN/ITO RRAM displayed a HRS/LRS resistance ratio of >103 and a retention ability of >105 s.
Suppression of B-Raf<sup>V600E</sup> melanoma cell survival by targeting mitochondria using triphenyl-phosphonium-conjugated nitroxide or ubiquinone (2016)

Most BRAF-mutated melanomas initially responsive to the FDA-approved inhibitors preferentially targeting B-Raf mutated in Val600 residue eventually relapse, requiring additional therapeutic modalities. Recent studies report the significance of metabolic reprograming in mitochondria for maintenance of BRAF-mutated melanomas and for development of their drug resistance to B-Raf inhibitors, providing a rationale for targeting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma. We therefore determined whether mitochondria-targeted metabolism-interfering agents can effectively suppress human B-Raf<sup>V600E</sup> melanoma cell lines and their dabrafenib/PLX4032-resistant progenies using mitochondria-targeted carboxy-proxyl (Mito-CP) and ubiquinone (Mito-Q). These agents exhibited comparable efficacy to PLX4032 in suppressing SK-MEL28, A375, and RPMI-7951 cells in vitro. As determined in SK-MEL28 and A375 cells, Mito-CP induced apoptotic cell death mediated by mitochondrial membrane depolarization and subsequent oxidative stress, which PLX4032 could not induce. Of note, Mito-CP also effectively suppressed PLX4032-resistant progenies of SK-MEL28 and A375. Moreover, when orally administered, Mito-CP suppressed SK-MEL28 xenografts in mice as effectively as PLX4032 without serious adverse effects. These data demonstrate that mitochondria-targeted agents have therapeutic potential to effectively suppress BRAF-mutated melanomas via an effect(s) distinct from those of B-Raf inhibitors.
Effects of Screw Fastening Sequence to Top Cover Loosening in Hard Disk Drive Assembly (2011)

In hard disk drive assembly process, a number of small screws around the perimeter of the top cover are used to attach the top cover to the base. When one of the screws is fastened, screw loosening at the other screw heads can frequently be observed. . This research employs a three-dimensional finite element analysis to compare the effects of three different screw tightening sequences to top cover loosening in a 3.5-inch hard disk drive assembly. The top cover deformation and the contact forces at the screw heads of the three sequences are presented and discussed. Among the three sequences, the across pattern has shown to be the most appropriate sequence in which a minimum screw loosening occurs.
Synthesis and Fluorescence of Some Trivalent Lanthanide Complexes (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Fluorescence of Some Trivalent Lanthanide ComplexesL. R. Melby, N. J. Rose, E. Abramson, and J. C. CarisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 23, 5117–5125Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01077a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01077a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6857Altmetric-Citations742LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kilkenny theatres set for top performance. (2008)

Adrian Parkin, operations director at Howorth Air Technology, describes how, in May, Ireland's Aut Even Hospital near Kilkenny became the country's first healthcare facility to be fitted out exclusively with UCV (ultra-clean ventilated) operating theatres, guaranteeing that patients' operations take place in the cleanest air possible.
Therapeutic Antioxidant Medical Gas (2009)

Medical gases are pharmaceutical gaseous molecules which offer solutions to medical needs and include traditional gases, such as oxygen and nitrous oxide, as well as gases with recently discovered roles as biological messenger molecules, such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and hydrogen sulphide. Medical gas therapy is a relatively unexplored field of medicine; however, a recent increasing in the number of publications on medical gas therapies clearly indicate that there are significant opportunities for use of gases as therapeutic tools for a variety of disease conditions. In this article, we review the recent advances in research on medical gases with antioxidant properties and discuss their clinical applications and therapeutic properties.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HETEROCYCLES. PART V. 1,3,4‐THIADIAZOL‐2(3H)‐ONES (1983)

Abstract Durch Reaktion des Thiolesters (I) mit Carbonsäurederivaten, wie z.B. (II) bzw. (III), entstehen die Thiadiazole (IVa) und (IVb).
Joint-MAP Tomographic Reconstruction with Patch Similarity Based Mixture Prior Model (2011)

Tomographic reconstruction from noisy projections do not yield adequate results. Mathematically, this tomographic reconstruction represents an ill-posed problem due to information missing caused by the presence of noise. Maximum a posteriori (MAP) or Bayesian reconstruction methods offer possibilities to improve the image quality as compared with analytical methods in particular by introducing a prior to guide the reconstruction and regularize the noise. With an aim to achieve robust utilization of continuity/connectivity information and overcome the heuristic weight update for other nonlocal prior methods, this paper proposes a novel patch similarity based mixture (PSM) prior model for tomographic reconstruction. This prior is defined by a weighted Gaussian distance between neighborhood intensities. The weight quantifies the similarity between local neighborhoods and is computed using a maximization entropy constraint. This prior is then introduced within a joint image/weight MAP computed tomography reconstruction algorithm. Several acceleration trials including Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) parallelization is applied to alleviate the intensive patch distance computation involved in the joint algorithm. The method was tested with both synthetic phantoms and clinical computed tomography data and compared in accuracy with five other reconstruction algorithms which are filtered back-projection and Bayesian-based. Reconstruction results show that the proposed reconstructions are able to produce high-quality images with ensured iteration convergence.
Access point selection strategy in IEEE802.11e WLAN networks (2006)

IEEE802.11 WLAN (Wireless LAN) has been widely used in enterprise and public space such as air port. In these large WLAN networks, RRM (Radio Resource Management) is necessary for the efficient use of radio resource and also for load balancing among APs (Access Point) Since, in IEEE802.11, STA (Station) has the right to select an AP with which it will associate, AP selection mechanism implemented in STA is important for RRM. This paper proposes an AP selection mechanism, called HRFA (High-Rate First Association) in order to achieve load balancing and the efficient use of radio resource. Furthermore, IEEE802.11e is currently standardizing a MAC protocol to provide QoS (Quality of Service) in MAC layer and support real-time traffic over WLAN. In order for WLAN to be more widely used and to provide QoS in WLAN networks, the functionalities of IEEE802.11e have to be provided in WLAN devices. Our proposed HRFA can be applied to IEEE802.11e WLAN and can be implemented without any modifications in IEEE802.11 and 802.11e standard. Therefore it is useful from implementation-cost and compatibility point of views. Simulation results show that HRFA can efficiently ultilize radio resource and also achieve load balancing in IEEE802.11e WLAN networks.
Reducing Scattered Light in the Photomicrography of Opaque Cross–Sections (1962)

In a museum laboratory, where all kinds of different materials, such as wood, paper, pigments, textiles, leather and glass, have to be examined, it is not always easy to achieve first-class photographic reproductions. It must be emphasized that the first condition for any satisfactory microscope picture is a faultless specimen, prepared with the greatest care. The preparatory work-embedding, grinding and polishing-is of equal importance to the actual taking of the photographs. For routine photomicrography we first attempted to standardize conditions as far as possible. A series of experiments, of which the illustrations form a part, were all treated photographically in the same way.
Fungal enzyme sets for plant polysaccharide degradation (2011)

Enzymatic degradation of plant polysaccharides has many industrial applications, such as within the paper, food, and feed industry and for sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins are the main components of plant cell wall polysaccharides. These polysaccharides are often tightly packed, contain many different sugar residues, and are branched with a diversity of structures. To enable efficient degradation of these polysaccharides, fungi produce an extensive set of carbohydrate-active enzymes. The variety of the enzyme set differs between fungi and often corresponds to the requirements of its habitat. Carbohydrate-active enzymes can be organized in different families based on the amino acid sequence of the structurally related catalytic modules. Fungal enzymes involved in plant polysaccharide degradation are assigned to at least 35 glycoside hydrolase families, three carbohydrate esterase families and six polysaccharide lyase families. This mini-review will discuss the enzymes needed for complete degradation of plant polysaccharides and will give an overview of the latest developments concerning fungal carbohydrate-active enzymes and their corresponding families.
Database Searches for Binding Sites (2000)

In their Report “Identification of a coordinate regulator of interleukins 4, 13, and 5 by cross-species sequence comparisons” (7 Apr., p. [136][1]), G. G. Loots and colleagues identify conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) in orthologous regions of the interleukin (IL)-4/13/5 locus of several
Topic-Relevance Map (2017)

We introduce topic-relevance map, an interactive search result visualization that assists rapid information comprehension across a large ranked set of results. The topic-relevance map visualizes a topical overview of the search result space as keywords with respect to two essential information retrieval measures: relevance and topical similarity. Non-linear dimensionality reduction is used to embed high-dimensional keyword representations of search result data into angles on a radial layout. Relevance of keywords is estimated by a ranking method and visualized as radiuses on the radial layout. As a result, similar keywords are modeled by nearby points, dissimilar keywords are modeled by distant points, more relevant keywords are closer to the center of the radial display, and less relevant keywords are distant from the center of the radial display. We evaluated the effect of the topic-relevance map in a search result comprehension task where 24 participants were summarizing search results and produced a conceptualization of the result space. The results show that topic-relevance map significantly improves participants' comprehension capability compared to a conventional ranked list presentation.