gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of selective inhibition of HPV‐16 DNA amplification in cervicovaginal lavages (2003)

HPV-16 viral load has been assessed with real-time PCR assays by measuring HPV-16 DNA and a human gene in genital samples. HPV-16 viral load measurements are thus based on the inference that inhibitors contained in samples will equally impede amplification of DNA sequences from HPV-16 and human DNA. We have previously shown that sample lysates can inhibit amplification of HPV-16 but not beta-globin DNA. In the current study, cervicovaginal lavages lysates considered adequate for PCR analysis by a qualitative beta-globin PCR test, were screened for the presence of inhibitors using internal controls (IC) for HPV-16 DNA and beta-globin in real-time PCR assays. Of 150 lysates screened with both ICs, 12 (8%) contained inhibitors. Inhibition of amplification of both ICs was demonstrated in four of these specimens. In eight lysates, amplification of HPV-16 IC only was impeded. Six (50%) of these 12 lysates tested positive for HPV-16 DNA despite the presence of PCR inhibitors. The HPV-16 viral load increased significantly after dilution of 11 of 12 lysates, demonstrating the presence of inhibitors in the undiluted lysate. Nine (90%) of 10 samples with inhibitors that were tested after dilution did not demonstrate inhibitory activity. The use of internal controls in real-time PCR is clearly essential to determine HPV viral loads since the effect of inhibitors on primer-driven genomic amplification is variable.
Recent transposition of <i>yabusame</i>, a novel <i>piggyBac</i>-like transposable element in the genome of the silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> (2010)

On the W chromosome of the silkworm, Bombyx mori , we found a novel piggyBac-like DNA transposon that potentially encodes an intact transposase (610 amino acid residues), which is flanked by 16-bp perfect inverted terminal repeats and a duplicated TTAA target site. Interestingly, we also identified another intact copy of this transposon on an autosome (chromosome 21), which showed 99.6% identity in the DNA sequence of the transposase (99.3% amino acid identity). These features raised the possibility that this novel piggyBac-like DNA transposon, designated as yabusame, may retain transposition activity. Here we report the identification and characterization of yabusame transposons from the silkworm. We cloned the full length of the yabusame transposon on the W chromosome (yabusame-W) and its autosomal copy (yabusame-1). Southern blot analysis showed that there are interstrain polymorphisms in yabusame elements for their insertion sites and copy number. We also found strong evidence for the recent transposition of yabusame elements in the silkworm genome. Although our in vitro excision assays suggested that the transposition activity of yabusame-1 and yabusame-W has been lost almost entirely, our data will lead to a greater understanding of the characteristics of piggyBac superfamily elements.
Manipulating light in two-dimensional layered materials (2016)

Graphene and layered two-dimensional (2D) materials have set a new paradigm in modern solid-state physics and technology. In particular their exceptional optical and electronic properties have shown great promise for novel applications in light detection. However, several challenges remain to fully exploit such properties in commercial devices. Such challenges include the limited linear dynamic range (LDR) of graphene-based photodetectors (PDs), the efficient extraction of photoexcited charges and ultimately the environmental stability of such atomically-thin materials. In order to overcome the aforementioned limits, novel approaches to tune the properties of graphene and semiconducting \ce{HfS2} are explored in this work, using chemical functionalisation and laser-irradiation. Intercalation of graphene with \ce{FeCl3} is shown to lead to a highly tunable material, with unprecedented stability in ambient conditions. This material is used to define photo-active junctions with an unprecedented LDR via laser-irradiation. Intercalation with \ce{FeCl3} is also used to demonstrate the first all-graphene position-sensitive photodetector (PSD) promising for novel sensing applications. Finally, laser-irradiation is employed, to perform controlled oxidation of ultra-thin \ce{HfS2}, which leads to induced strain in the material and a consequent spatially-varying bandgap. Such structure is used to demonstrate, for the first time, efficient extraction of photogenerated carriers trough the so-called ``charge-funnel'' effect, paving the way to the development of ultra-thin straintronic devices.
Building a medical Spanish lexicon. (2007)

We are developing a freely available Spanish medical syntactic lexicon, initially populated with medical terms from a bilingual list, and then from corpus based term discovery. The lexical records are a simplification of the SPECIALST English lexicon. Lexical variant generation and normalization tools will be provided along with the lexicon.
All-Inclusive ECC: Thorough End-to-End Protection for Reliable Computer Memory (2016)

Increasing transfer rates and decreasing I/O voltage levels make signals more vulnerable to transmission errors. While the data in computer memory are well-protected by modern error checking and correcting (ECC) codes, the clock, control, command, and address (CCCA) signals are weakly protected or even unprotected such that transmission errors leave serious gaps in data-only protection. This paper presents All-Inclusive ECC (AIECC), a memory protection scheme that leverages and augments data ECC to also thoroughly protect CCCA signals. AIECC provides strong end-to-end protection of memory, detecting nearly 100% of CCCA errors and also preventing transmission errors from causing latent memory data corruption. AIECC provides these system-level benefits without requiring extra storage and transfer overheads and without degrading the effective level of data protection.
X-ray tomography measurements of power-law cluster size distributions for the nonwetting phase in sandstones (2010)

Three-dimensional images of sandstones containing residual nonwetting phase were obtained using synchrotron x-ray tomography with a resolution of approximately 9 μm. We determined the size distribution of disconnected nonwetting phase clusters (ganglia); the number of ganglia of size s is N(s)~s(-τ) with τ=2.05 . The vast majority of the residual phase was contained in large clusters, spanning many pores. This result implies that we have clusters of all sizes providing a huge surface area for geochemical reactions and dissolution while allowing mobilization of the residual phase during improved oil recovery in hydrocarbon reservoirs and carbon dioxide storage in aquifers.
Strategies towards robust and stable application layer multicast (2007)

The purpose of this study is to construct a robust and stable overlay tree of ALM (Application Layer Multicast) for real-time video transmission. Firstly, we propose a proactive route maintenance which enables fast recovery of the overlay tree against node departures and failures. By forcing free node degrees for route backup, signaling overheads for route maintenance can be reduced in a scalable manner. Secondly, we improve performance of the proposed method by introducing layered video coding. Smooth layer management instead of coarse degree management contributes to reduction of the depth of overlay tree (i.e. delay) as well as to efficient bandwidth utilization. Thirdly, we introduce session records of each node into the overlay tree construction. Long-term history of user access records is expected to bring more robust overlay trees. Finally, we carried out extensive evaluation experiments. Simulations and implementations demonstrate that our methods lead to fast recovery of the overlay tree against node departures and reduction of the signaling overheads. Furthermore, introduction of layered video coding is proved to be efficient to reduce delays, to improve bandwidth utilization and to avoid severe degradation of picture quality. Final experiments show that incorporation of node stability reduces the number of nodes affected by parent node departures by promoting adequate nodes to upper layer of the ALM tree.
Editorial (1996)

This issue presents selected papers from the workshop 'Computer Graphics Technology for the Exploration of the Sea' (CES '95).The workshop was organized by the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics as an event of IFIP WG 5.10 and in co-operation with the German Computer Society (GI), Interest Groups on Imaging and Visualization (GI 4.1.2) and on Informatics for Environmental Protection (GI 4.6).It took place in Rostock in May 1995.The intention of the workshop was to promote the exchange of research results and practical experiences in the use of computer graphics technology for the exploration of the sea.The main focus of the workshop was the interdisciplinary work between computer science and marine ecology for support of such things as the analysis and interpretation of different kinds of marine data.The two-day workshop with 57 participants from USA, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, France and Germany was a successful interdisciplinary platform stimulating the exchange of experiences and the cooperation between Computer Science and Marine Research.14 papers and 6 posters have been presented
Virtual Teams and Technology: The Relationship between Training and Team Effectiveness (2001)

The impact of training on virtual team effectiveness was assessed in five areas: communication, planning tasks and setting goals, solving problems and making decisions, resolving conflict, and responding to customer requirements. A 12-page survey was developed exploring all aspects of virtual teams. 180 surveys were distributed, 52 were returned representing 43 companies. Training led to higher effectiveness in planning tasks and setting goals, solving problems and making decisions, and conflict resolution, but not in communication and responding to customer requirements. Training may not solve all the problems that virtual teams will encounter; however, training will make the challenges easier to handle.
Viskoelastische Tensidlösungen (1981)

Abstract Classical and dynamic light scattering, electric birefringence, kinetic, surface tension, conductivity and rheological measurements were carried out on so called viscoelastic detergent solutions of Cetylpyridiniumsalicylate (CPySal). The results indicate that spherical micelles are formed in these solutions above the critical micelle concentration (cmc) = 1.5 · 10 −4 M. From the cmc on the concentration of the micelles increases linearly with the total detergent concentration up to a second critical concentration (cmc 11 = 4.5 · 10 −4 M). Upon further increase of the total concentration, the concentration of the micelles remains constant and the globular micelles grow to rodlike micelles. The length of the rods increases linearly with the total concentration. The residence time of a detergent molecule in the rod is longer than in the globular micelle. The surface charge density of the rods is smaller than for the spherical micelles. In unstirred solutions the rods are randomly oriented but their center of masses are ordered. As a consequence the rods can rotate freely as long as their main axis is shorter than the mean distance between the aggregates but their translational diffusion is hindered by the existence of lattice like ordering. Shearing of the solution leads to large areas of a new metastable nematic type phase in which the rods are oriented with respect to each other. These oriented domains are the source for the apparent elasticity of the solutions. When the shearing of the solution is stopped, the elasticity decays with rather long time constants that can amount to several minutes. — The complete equilibration of the solution after the system was perturbed by dilution or a change in temperature takes up to several hours.
Action Recognition in Video Using Sparse Coding and Relative Features (2016)

This work presents an approach to category-based action recognition in video using sparse coding techniques. The proposed approach includes two main contributions: i) A new method to handle intra-class variations by decomposing each video into a reduced set of representative atomic action acts or key-sequences, and ii) A new video descriptor, ITRA: Inter-Temporal Relational Act Descriptor, that exploits the power of comparative reasoning to capture relative similarity relations among key-sequences. In terms of the method to obtain key-sequences, we introduce a loss function that, for each video, leads to the identification of a sparse set of representative key-frames capturing both, relevant particularities arising in the input video, as well as relevant generalities arising in the complete class collection. In terms of the method to obtain the ITRA descriptor, we introduce a novel scheme to quantify relative intra and inter-class similarities among local temporal patterns arising in the videos. The resulting ITRA descriptor demonstrates to be highly effective to discriminate among action categories. As a result, the proposed approach reaches remarkable action recognition performance on several popular benchmark datasets, outperforming alternative state-of the-art techniques by a large margin.
Modelling and integrated inspection of cast turbine blades (1988)

Airline operators a re continually d e m a n d i n g greater efficiency f r o m aero engines without loss of quality.This h a s lead to t he development of three dimensional (3-D) computer analysis w h i c h needs a full geometric surface definition of the aerofoil geometry.S u c h a definition is required in the c o m p o n e n t inspection for quality assesment.This thesis investigates the use of Uniform B-Splines a n d straight line ruled B-Spline surfaces for the modelling of aerofoils.However, this f o r m a t of c urve is not optimally suited t o the accurate interpolation of aerofoils due to the rapid c h ange in curvature a r ound the leading a n d trailing edges.It is suggested that a m o r e suitable curve for investigation m a y b e t he Van -U n i f a r m Rational B-Spline.G a s turbine b lades a re usually manufactured b y the lost w a x casting m e t h o d w h i c h requires a "first article" inspection to a s s e s s the quality of t he c o m p o n e n t a n d manufacturing process.C a s t aerofoils are freeform surfaces that h a v e n o h a r d d a t u m s for inspection reference.Either a s s u m p t i o n s about d a t u m points need to b e made, o r t he aerofoil h a s to be bestfitted to the design definition.W h a t is "best" is dependent o n the t he aerofoil function.T w o 3 -D general purpose m e t h o d s w h i c h m i n i m i s e n o r m a l surface errors h ave been investigated together w ith 2 -D m e t h o d specific to aerofoils.
Transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasonography of the uterine cervix during pregnancy (1991)

Transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasound evaluation of the uterine cervix were compared in a study of 186 pregnant women. An empty bladder made transabdominal ultrasound measurement of the cervix more difficult, while bladder filling resulted in significant lengthening of the transabdominal cervical measurement. In contrast, transvaginal ultrasound cervical measurement was possible in all but 1 patient. Normal transvaginal ultrasound cervical measurements were significantly shorter on average than transabdominal cervical measurements, but compared closely with prior transabdominal ultrasound studies in which bladder filling was carefully controlled. Significant cervical shortening was not noted in most patients with a clinical diagnosis of incompetent cervix.
<title>Detection of insect damage in almonds</title> (1999)

Pinhole insect damage in natural almonds is very difficult to detect on-line. Further, evidence exists relating insect damage to aflatoxin contamination. Hence, for quality and health reasons, methods to detect and remove such damaged nuts are of great importance in this study, we explored the possibility of using x-ray imaging to detect pinhole damage in almonds by insects. X-ray film images of about 2000 almonds and x-ray linescan images of only 522 pinhole damaged almonds were obtained. The pinhole damaged region appeared slightly darker than non-damaged region in x-ray negative images. A machine recognition algorithm was developed to detect these darker regions. The algorithm used the first order and the second order information to identify the damaged region. To reduce the possibility of false positive results due to germ region in high resolution images, germ detection and removal routines were also included. With film images, the algorithm showed approximately an 81 percent correct recognition ratio with only 1 percent false positives whereas line scan images correctly recognized 65 percent of pinholes with about 9 percent false positives. The algorithms was very fast and efficient requiring only minimal computation time. If implemented on line, theoretical throughput of this recognition system would be 66 nuts/second.
Cloning the Tomato <i>Curl3</i> Gene Highlights the Putative Dual Role of the Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinase tBRI1/SR160 in Plant Steroid Hormone and Peptide Hormone Signaling (2002)

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroid hormones that are essential for normal plant development. To gain better understanding of the conservation of BR signaling, the partially BR-insensitive tomato mutant altered brassinolide sensitivity1 (abs1) was identified and found to be a weak allele at the curl3 (cu3) locus. BR content is increased in both of these mutants and is associated with increased expression of DWARF: The tomato homolog of the Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid Insensitive1 Leu-rich repeat (LRR) receptor-like kinase, named tBri1, was isolated using degenerate primers. Sequence analysis of tBRI1 in the mutants cu3 and abs1 revealed that cu3 is a nonsense mutant and that abs1 is a missense mutant. A comparison of BRI1 homolog sequences highlights conserved features of BRI1 sequences, with the LRRs in close proximity to the island domain showing more conservation than N-terminal LRRs. The most homologous sequences were found in the kinase and transmembrane regions. tBRI1 (SR160) also has been isolated as the putative receptor for systemin, a plant peptide hormone. This finding suggests a possible dual role for tBRI1 in steroid hormone and peptide hormone signaling.
Measurements of Complex Dielectric Constant of Human Sera and Erythrocytes (1979)

A method for measuring the complex permittivity of biological liquids at microwave frequencies is presented. The calibration needs three reference materials; this method allows measurements to be made very quickly, using only very small amounts of material. Measurements were made on human erythrocytes, obtaining their inner conductivity using Fricke's equation, and on human sera of normal and sick individuals. Using an optimization technique, some parameters related to the water bound to the serum proteins were identified, showing differences possibly related to the presence of certain diseases.
Biocompatibility of an Enzyme-Based, Electrochemical Glucose Sensor for Short-Term Implantation in the Subcutis (2006)

The electrochemical enzyme-based glucose sensor for continuous glucose measurements in subcutis is acceptable from a biocompatibility point of view. Reducing the inserter needle in size reduces the trauma induced at sensor implantation to neglible levels. Furthermore, the tissue reaction to the sensor returns to near-normal 2 weeks after the sensor has been removed following a 3-day implantation period.
Human Serum Sickness (1988)

We have prospectively evaluated the clinical and immunological features of serum sickness in 35 patients treated for bone marrow failure with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG 15 mg/kg/day) and methylprednisolone (1 to 1.5 mg/kg/day). Twenty-one patients were treated for 10 days and 14 were treated for 28 days. Clinical evidence of serum sickness developed in 30 patients (86%) and included fever and malaise (100%), cutaneous eruptions (93%), arthralgias (67%), gastrointestinal complaints (67%), cephalgia (57%), blurring of vision (37%), arthritis, (30%) and lymphadenopathy (13%). Clinical serum sickness began on day 7 +/- 1 (X +/- S.E.M.) and lasted for 10 +/- 2 days in the 18 affected patients receiving the shorter course of ATG. In the 12 affected patients receiving the longer course of ATG, serum sickness began on day 9 +/- 1. The earliest manifestations of serum sickness were fever, malaise, and cutaneous eruptions. Cutaneous findings consisted of morbilliform eruptions (n = 19) and urticaria (n = 1) or a combination (n = 8) that lasted 10 to 14 days. Twenty-one patients (75%) developed a highly characteristic serpiginous band of erythema and purpura along the sides of the fingers, toes, palms and soles 12 to 48 hours before other symptoms of serum sickness. Biopsies of lesional skin during the course of serum sickness revealed immune deposits (IgM, IgE, IgA and C3) in dermal vasculature in 7 of 9 patients. Immunological changes that occurred during the course of serum sickness included increased serum levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE. Circulating immune complexes, as measured by the C1q-binding assay, increased from a mean value of 12% to 45% on day 13 +/- 1. Complement levels (C3, C4, and CH50) decreased 50 to 80% from their baseline levels on day 10 +/- 2. Acute phase reactants increased: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and beta-2 microglobulin. Abnormal urinalysis developed in 17 patients (57%) over the course of serum sickness and included proteinuria, hematuria and hemoglobinuria on day 10 +/- 3. Hematopoietic response occurred in 43%. All 5 patients who did not develop serum sickness recovered from bone marrow failure. Our data document the clinical and immunopathological findings in human serum sickness and suggest that the principles of antigen-antibody interaction, complement activation, and resultant inflammatory response as seen in the previous animal studies are directly applicable to studies of patients with serum sickness.