gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intonation for synthesis of speaking styles (2000)

In this paper we describe the adaptation of the Fujisaki model for English intonation of speaking styles. This is for a prosodic model of a radio news broadcaster. Intonational phonological style models are unable to capture the fine threaded realisation differences of individual read-aloud styles, and a quantitative approach is required. The model is used to analyse a corpus of read-aloud speech styles, concentrating on real rather than laboratory speech. Progress towards a novel synthesis model, drawing on modern theories of speech production is described.
Microstrip dipole antenna for WLAN application (2005)

This paper describes numerical simulation, fabrication and experimental measurement of microstrip dipole antenna at 2.4 GHz for WLAN application. In this antenna design, Agilent's ADS software using momentum simulation is employed to analyze the entire structure. The properties of antenna such as bandwidth, radiation pattern and half power beamwidth have been investigated and compared between simulation and measurements. The cross-polar isolation of the microstrip dipole antenna is in the range of 3 to 17.32 dB. The typical half power beamwidth (HPBW) of the microstrip dipole is 60° for E plane and 75° for H plane. Performance comparison between dipole and monopole antenna is also made in term of bandwidth and Input return loss.
Optimizing relinearization in circuits for homomorphic encryption (2017)

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) allows an untrusted party to evaluate arithmetic cir- cuits, i.e., perform additions and multiplications on encrypted data, without having the decryp- tion key. One of the most efficient class of FHE schemes include BGV and FV schemes, which are based on the hardness of the RLWE problem. They share some common features: ciphertext sizes grow after each homomorphic multiplication; multiplication is much more costly than addition, and the cost of homomorphic multiplication scales linearly with the input ciphertext sizes. Furthermore, there is a special relinearization operation that reduce the size of a ciphertext, and the cost of relinearization is on the same order of magnitude as homomorpic multiplication. This motivates us to define a discrete optimization problem, which is to decide where (and how much) in a given circuit to relinearize, in order to minimize the total computational cost. In this paper, we formally define the relinearize problem. We prove that the problem is NP-hard. In addition, in the special case where each vertex has at most one outgoing edge, we give a polynomial-time algorithm.
Soliton squeezing and the continuum (2000)

We review soliton perturbation theory with renormalized soliton operators. We analytically evaluate the effects of the continuum on squeezing. Our results show that the contribution that is due to the continuum exhibits an oscillatory behavior and can be beneficial to squeezing.
The dynamics of documentation (1956)

Abstract The speed with which documents must be processed is emphasized and the factors leading up to some of the major changes that have taken place in reporting on scientific and engineering research are reviewed. The relationship between the use of books and documents is discussed. Objectives towards which the American Documentation Institute might be directed are offered.
The interaction between the ER membrane protein UNC93B and TLR3, 7, and 9 is crucial for TLR signaling (2007)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sense the presence of microbial and viral pathogens by signal transduction mechanisms that remain to be fully elucidated. A single point mutation (H412R) in the polytopic endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident membrane protein UNC93B abolishes signaling via TLR3, 7, and 9. We show that UNC93B specifically interacts with TLR3, 7, 9, and 13, whereas introduction of the point mutation H412R in UNC93B abolishes their interactions. We establish the physical interaction of the intracellular TLRs with UNC93B in splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Further, by expressing chimeric TLRs, we show that TLR3 and 9 bind to UNC93B via their transmembrane domains. We propose that a physical association between UNC93B and TLRs in the ER is essential for proper TLR signaling.
26-percent efficient point-junction concentrator solar cells with a front metal grid (1990)

Silicon concentrator cells with point diffusion and metal contacts on both the front and backsides are discussed. The design minimizes reflection losses by forming an inverted pyramid topography on the front surface and by shaping the metal grid lines in the form of a triangular ridge. A short-circuit current density of 39.6 mA/cm/sup 2/ has been achieved, even though the front grid covers 16% of the cell's active area of 1.56 cm/sup 2/. This, together with an open-circuit voltage of 700 mV, has led to an efficiency of 22% at one sun, AM1.5 global spectrum. Under direct-spectrum 8.8-W/cm/sup 2/ concentrated light, the efficiency is 26%. This is the highest ever reported for a silicon cell having a front metal grid.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carotid body denervation prevents fasting hyperglycemia during chronic intermittent hypoxia (2014)

Obstructive sleep apnea causes chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is associated with impaired glucose metabolism, but mechanisms are unknown. Carotid bodies orchestrate physiological responses to hypoxemia by activating the sympathetic nervous system. Therefore, we hypothesized that carotid body denervation would abolish glucose intolerance and insulin resistance induced by chronic IH. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent carotid sinus nerve dissection (CSND) or sham surgery and then were exposed to IH or intermittent air (IA) for 4 or 6 wk. Hypoxia was administered by decreasing a fraction of inspired oxygen from 20.9% to 6.5% once per minute, during the 12-h light phase (9 a.m.-9 p.m.). As expected, denervated mice exhibited blunted hypoxic ventilatory responses. In sham-operated mice, IH increased fasting blood glucose, baseline hepatic glucose output (HGO), and expression of a rate-liming hepatic enzyme of gluconeogenesis phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), whereas the whole body glucose flux during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was not changed. IH did not affect glucose tolerance after adjustment for fasting hyperglycemia in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. CSND prevented IH-induced fasting hyperglycemia and increases in baseline HGO and liver PEPCK expression. CSND trended to augment the insulin-stimulated glucose flux and enhanced liver Akt phosphorylation at both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. IH increased serum epinephrine levels and liver sympathetic innervation, and both increases were abolished by CSND. We conclude that chronic IH induces fasting hyperglycemia increasing baseline HGO via the CSN sympathetic output from carotid body chemoreceptors, but does not significantly impair whole body insulin sensitivity.
A fully-integrated continuous-time programmable CCIR 601 video filter (2002)

Digitizing video signals requires high-order anti-aliasing filters that handle large signal swings with low distortion. CCIR601 standards recommend the equi-ripple gain and group delay characteristics for filtering NTSC and PAL signals. Currently, these characteristics are approximated by expensive hybrids that are not programmable for various applications. This paper introduces a method for integrating such filters using current-mode transimpedance-based structures. A single-chip solution demonstrated here matches the requirements with less than /spl plusmn/0.25 dB gain ripple, /spl plusmn/20 ns group delay variation in the passband, and more than 40 dB attenuation in the stop band. The cut-off frequency, nominally set at 5.5 MHz, is continuously programmable over a decade. The IC can drive 2 Vpp signals into 75 /spl Omega/ load drawing 35 mA quiescent current. Comparable integrated filters using other techniques require substantially larger currents.
New methods of protein purification. Affinity ultrafiltration. (1999)

This review describes a recently developed method for protein purification-affinity ultrafiltration. In affinity ultrafiltration, the protein to be purified is complexed with a macroligand composed of a soluble polymer or an insoluble microparticle with covalently bound, target protein-specific affinity ligands. The complex is trapped by an ultrafiltration membrane, whereas unwanted proteins pass through the membrane. The unwanted proteins are removed from the system by the carrier liquid. The system is then supplemented with an agent eluting the target protein by dissociating it from the microligand complex. The purified protein then passes the membrane, while the macroligand is trapped by it. The macroligand can be re-used after regeneration. Affinity ultrafiltration has a number of advantages over other protein purification techniques: 1) commercial availability of ultrafiltration systems with various high-productivity designs; 2) availability of presynthesized macroligands, which can be supplemented with additional, easily manufactured, commercial latex-based macroligands; 3) rapid separation of large solution volumes; 4) repeated use of equipment, enabling consecutive purification of different proteins; 5) simple scale-up and automation procedures.
Clinical and hemostatic responses to treatment in ventilator-associated pneumonia: Role of bacterial pathogens* (2007)

Alveolar activation of the TF-dependent pathway may be species-specific in VAP and may not be adequately balanced by TFPI. The disparity between clinical response and eradication of P. aeruginosa from the intra-alveolar space suggests the need for biological markers to guide response to therapy.
Neurobiology of Autism (1998)

Autism is a behaviorally defined, life-long static developmental disorder of the brain that is poised for neurobiological investigation. It affects at least 1 or 2 in 1000 persons and has a broad range of severity. It has multiple causes, with genetics playing a major role. According to the DSM-IV, defining features are impaired sociability, language and communication, and range of interests and activities. Mental deficiency is frequent but by no means universal. The cognitive profile is characteristic, occasionally with a superior but narrow talent. Perseveration, concreteness, affective blunting, and lack of insight into other persons' thinking may be conspicuous. The neurological basis of autism's many sensorimotor features, including stereotypies, is unknown. Attention and sleep are affected, and one third of individuals experience epilepsy by adulthood. Whether subclinical epilepsy plays a role in the developmental regression of the one third of the toddlers who lose their language skills and become autistic remains to be determined. Clinical neuroimaging and biochemical investigations are generally unremarkable. Fewer than 35 brains have been examined pathologically, none with modern techniques. The findings thus far suggest subtle prenatal neuronal maldevelopment in the cerebellum and certain limbic structures. Abnormalities in distributed networks involving serotonin and perhaps other neurotransmitters require further documentation.
Service Usage Analysis in Mobile Messaging Apps: A Multi-label Multi-view Perspective (2016)

The service usage analysis, aiming at identifying customers' messaging behaviors based on encrypted App traffic flows, has become a challenging and emergent task for service providers. Prior literature usually starts from segmenting a traffic sequence into single-usage subsequences, and then classify the subsequences into different usage types. However, they could suffer from inaccurate traffic segmentations and mixed-usage subsequences. To address this challenge, we exploit a multi-label multi-view learning strategy and develop an enhanced frame-work for in-App usage analytics. Specifically, we first devise an enhanced traffic segmentation method to reduce mixed-usage sub-sequences. Besides, we develop a multi-label multi-view logistic classification method, which comprises two alignments. The first alignment is to make use of the classification consistency between packet-length view and time-delay view of traffic subsequences and improve classification accuracy. The second alignment is to combine the classification of single-usage subsequence and the post-classification of mixed-usage subsequences into a unified multi-label logistic classification problem. Finally, we present extensive experiments with real-world datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Phosphate Removal by Crystallization in a Fluidized Bed (1985)

A new process for the removal of phosphate from effluent from sewage treatment plants is described. The process is based on the crystallization of calcium phosphate in a fluidized bed. The major advantage of the process is the fact that no sludge is produced, but a small quantity of waterfree pellets that can be reused in the phosphate industry. The results of five years of research and development are presented. In 1984 the first demonstration plant will be built. Cost calculations for a full-scale plant are also given.
Detection and localization of a lectin on <i>Actinomyces viscosus</i> T14V by monoclonal antibodies. (1981)

A cell-associated lectin activity that mediates lactose-inhibitable adherence of Actinomyces viscosus T14V has been localized to a specific population of fimbriae by the use of monoclonal antibodies. Nine monoclonal antibodies were produced that reacted with only 1 of 2 immunoelectrophoretically distinct fimbrial components on T14V. The fibrillar morphology of this component was revealed by the immunoelectronmicroscopic examination of bacteria incubated with the monoclonal antibodies. The lectin activity associated with these structures was detected when isolated fimbriae were cross-linked with monoclonal antibodies to form immune complexes with agglutination activity for neuraminidase-treated human erythrocytes, a reaction that was inhibited by lactose. Although the 9 monoclonal antibodies differed in their fine specificities, they reacted only with strains of A. viscosus and A. naeslundii that exhibited lactose-inhibitable adherence. These findings indicate that the lectin activity common to these bacteria resides on fimbriae that are antigenically related to those of T14V.
TLR3 and TLR7 Are Targeted to the Same Intracellular Compartments by Distinct Regulatory Elements (2005)

Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 and TLR7 are indispensable for host defense against viral infection by recognizing virus-derived RNAs and are localized to intracellular membranes via an unknown mechanism. We recently reported experiments with chimeric Toll-like receptors that suggested that the subcellular distribution of TLRs may be defined by their transmembrane and/or cytoplasmic domains. Here we demonstrate that the intracellular localization of TLR3 is achieved by a 23-amino acid sequence (Glu(727) to Asp(749)) present in the linker region between the transmembrane domain and Toll-interleukin 1 receptor resistance (TIR) domain. In contrast, the intracellular localization of TLR7 is achieved by its transmembrane domain. These elements also targeted a heterologous type I transmembrane protein CD25 to the intracellular compartment that contained TLR3 and TLR7. Despite their using distinct regulatory elements for intracellular localization, TLR3 was found to co-localize with TLR7. In addition, TLR3 and TLR7 were preferentially localized near phagosomes containing apoptotic cell particles. These findings reveal that TLR3 and TLR7 contain unique targeting sequences, which differentially lead them to the same intracellular compartments and adjacent to phagosomes containing apoptotic cell particles, where these receptors may access their ligands for the induction of immune responses against viral infection.
Gamma ray scattering measurements for density and lithology determination (1988)

Well-logging tools based on gamma-ray scattering consist of a source of gamma rays and multiple detectors, mounted in an assembly which is kept in mechanical contact with the borehole wall during the moving measurement. Compton scattering is exploited for formation density information while analysis of the photoelectric absorption of multiply-scattered gamma rays provides the average atomic number of the scattering formation. The parameters that control the device performance, constrained by operation in the borehole, are examined. A technique of combining measurements from several detectors allows estimation of bulk density over a range of environmental conditions. The photoelectric absorption measurement is reviewed to indicate its relationship to formation lithology type. Borehole factors that may compromise both measurements are related to tool design parameters and fundamental physical limitations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Expression of L‐type amino acid transporter 1 (<scp>LAT</scp>1) as a prognostic and therapeutic indicator in multiple myeloma (2014)

L-type amino-acid transporter 1 (LAT1) plays a key role in cell growth and survival. To determine the prognostic significance of LAT1 in multiple myeloma (MM), we investigated the expression of LAT1 and its functional subunit, 4Fc heavy chain (CD98), on myeloma cells by immunohistochemistry in 100 newly diagnosed MM patients. High expression (moderate or strong staining intensity) of LAT1 and CD98 was detected in 56% and 45% of patients, respectively. The LAT1 expression score was positively correlated with Ki-67 index (r = 0.631, P < 0.001), and there was a statistically significant difference in Durie-Salmon stage between patients with high and low LAT1 expression (P = 0.03). In 43 patients treated with melphalan and prednisolone, the overall response rate was significantly higher in the high LAT1 expression group (60.0%) than in the low LAT1 expression group (17.6%) (P = 0.03). Multivariate analysis confirmed that high expression of LAT1 was a significant prognostic factor for predicting poor overall survival independently from the International Staging System (both P = 0.01). Here, we show that the overexpression of LAT1 is significantly associated with high proliferation and poor prognosis in newly diagnosed MM patients. Thus, LAT1 may be a promising pathological marker for identifying high-risk MM.
Holographic Grating for Dense Wavelength Division Optical Filters at 1550 nm using Phenanthrenquinone Doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) (2003)

The characteristics of Phenanthrenquinone (PQ) doped Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) for recording edge-illuminated holographic spectral filters for dense wavelength division multiplexing applications are evaluated. Filter design includes the effects of material absorption and apodization of the index profile. Rigorous coupled wave theory and transfer matrix methods are used to simulate the performance of the filters for dense wavelength division multiplexing functions. The experimentally measured spectral FWHM bandwidths were 0.20 nm and the primary limitation of the grating performance was found to be residual material absorption.
[Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for cancer predisposition syndromes]. (2011)

The assessment of the characteristics of the cancer syndrome and consideration of the variables of each couple enable, the justified application of PGD procedure. The continuous discovery of cancer predisposition mutations will result in an ever-increasing demand for PGD to prevent the transmission of Lethal mutations to the next generations.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRON EXCHANGE BETWEEN AMPHIPHILIC 4‐ALKYLPYRIDINEPENTAAMMINERUTHENIUM IONS SEPARATED BY PHOSPHOLIPID VESICLE BILAYERS (1985)

Abstract Mittels optischer Spektroskopie sowie Gelausschlußchromatographie wird gezeigt, daß die Ionen (Ia) an unilamellare Phosphatidylcholinliposomen gebunden werden.
Normal luminal bacteria, especially Bacteroides species, mediate chronic colitis, gastritis, and arthritis in HLA-B27/human beta2 microglobulin transgenic rats. (1996)

Genetic and environmental factors are important in the pathogenesis of clinical and experimental chronic intestinal inflammation. We investigated the influence of normal luminal bacteria and several groups of selected bacterial strains on spontaneous gastrointestinal and systemic inflammation in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. Rats maintained germfree for 3-9 mo were compared with littermates conventionalized with specific pathogen-free bacteria. Subsequently, germfree transgenic rats were colonized with groups of five to eight bacteria that were either facultative or strictly anaerobic. Transgenic germfree rats had no gastroduodenitis, colitis, or arthritis, but developed epididymitis and dermatitis to the same degree as conventionalized rats. Colonic proinflammatory cytokine expression was increased in transgenic conventionalized rats but was undetectable in germfree and nontransgenic rats. Colitis progressively increased over the first 4 wk of bacterial exposure, then plateaued. Only transgenic rats colonized with defined bacterial cocktails which contained Bacteroides spp. had colitis and gastritis. Normal luminal bacteria predictably and uniformly induce chronic colonic, gastric and systemic inflammation in B27 transgenic F344 rats, but all bacterial species do not have equal activities.
Knowledge-based adaptive computer control in manufacturing systems: a case study (1990)

A knowledge-based system approach for designing an adaptive controller is introduced. The scheme has been used successfully in designing a self-tuning controller for force regulation in a computer numerically controlled (CNC) milling machine. In this scheme, frames are used for knowledge representation and rules of logic for reasoning. This synergistic combination of frames and rules provides the environment for intelligent control. As a consequence of representing knowledge in frames, the large amount of logic that goes along with most conventionally designed adaptive controllers to ensure safe operation is considerably reduced. Procedural attachments to the slots in the frame replace the extra logic elements in the knowledge-based controller. The self-tuning controller for the CNC milling machine is implemented on a 32-b microprocessor-based computer running at 20 MHz. The knowledge representation and the reasoning process are implemented in Prolog, whereas the numerical algorithms are written in C. Simulations and experimental results are provided that demonstrate the usefulness of this approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improvements to the GDB Human Genome Data Base (1996)

Version 6.0 of the Human Genome Data Base introduces a number of significant improvements over previous releases of GDB. The most important of these are revised data representations for genes and genomic maps and a new curatorial model for the database. GDB 6.0 is the first major genomic database to provide read/write access directly to the scientific community, including capabilities for third-party annotation. The revised database can represent all major categories of genetic and physical maps, along with the underlying order and distance information used to construct them. The improved representation permits more sophisticated map queries to be posed and supports the graphical display of maps. In addition, the new GDB has a richer model for gene information, better suited for supporting cross-references to databases describing gene function, structure, products, expression and associated phenotypes.