gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Principal Component Regression Analysis in power load forecasting for medium and long term (2010)

This paper deals with the power load forecasting for medium and long term using based on Principal Component Regression Analysis. The paper first reviews the research achievement of the load forecasting and its relationship with economic development, then introduces the basic theory of the principal component analysis and principal component regression analysis model. Finally, taking Beijing as an example, the paper extracts the principal components from the relevant economic factors related power consumption in Beijing, then establishes a multi-parameter regression prediction model (Principal component regression model) on the principal components. The results show that the error is small between prediction load and actual load, proving that the model is a feasible and effective method of load forecasting.
Radioprotectant and Radiosensitizer Effects on Sterility of γ-irradiated Bone (2008)

Gamma radiation is widely used to sterilize bone allografts but may impair their strength. While radioprotectant use may reduce radiation damage they may compromise sterility by protecting pathogens. We assessed the radioprotective potential of various agents (L-cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, L-cysteine-ethyl-ester and L-cysteine-methyl-ester) to identify those which do not protect spores of Bacillus subtilis. We hypothesized charge of these agents will affect their ability to radioprotect spores. We also determined ability of these radioprotectants and a radiosensitizer (nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridinium) to selectively sensitize spores to radiation damage by intercalating into the nucleic acid of spores. Spores were treated either directly in solutions of these agents or treated after being embedded and sealed in bone to assess the ability of these agents to diffuse into bone. L-cysteine and L-cysteine-ethyl-ester did not provide radioprotection. Positively charged L-cysteine-methyl-ester protected the spores, whereas positively charged L-cysteine-ethyl-ester did not, indicating charge does not determine the extent of radioprotection. The spores were sensitized to radiation damage when irradiated in nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridinium solution and sensitization disappeared after rinsing, suggesting nitroimidazole-linked phenanthridinium was unable to intercalate into the nucleic acid of the spores. Some cysteine-derived radioprotectants do not shield bacterial spores against gamma radiation and may be suitable for curbing the radiation damage to bone grafts while achieving sterility.
Facial expression recognition with PCA and LBP features extracting from active facial patches (2016)

Facial expression recognition is an important part of Natural User Interface (NUI). Feature extraction is one important step which could contribute to fast and accurate expression recognition. In order to extract more effective features from the static images, this paper proposes an algorithm based on the combination of gray pixel value and Local Binary Patterns (LBP) features. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce dimensions of the features which are combined by the gray pixel value and Local Binary Patterns (LBP) features. All the features are extracted from the active facial patches. The active facial patches are these face regions which undergo a major change during different expressions. Softmax regression classifier is used to classify the six basic facial expressions, the experimental results on extended Cohn-Kanade (CK+) database gain an average recognition rate of 96.3% under leave-one-out cross validation method which validates every subject in the database.
Spectral bistability in coupled cavity semiconductor lasers (1984)

Bistability in the spectral output of a two-section cleaved-coupled-cavity (C3) semiconductor laser is observed. A wide (10 mA) and temperature insensitive hysteresis loop is obtained at laser currents up to at least 3×Ith and the laser can be switched with subnanosecond electrical pulses between its two spectraly pure states. The switching is characterized by a power-delay product of 4×10−12 J and a switching time of less than 1 ns.
An adaptive quantization-mapping model for MPEG encoders (2002)

Concerns video compression. We present our work on the adaptive modeling of quantization process at macro block layer of MPEG encoders. A binary tree (B-tree) fuzzy interpolation algorithm for data approximation and online adaptation which adjusts the parameters of MSFs according to domain data have been used to build the model. Our experimental results have shown that the adaptive model has better performance than its nonadaptive counterpart as well as the look-up table method widely used and reported in literature, which suggests that improvements can be well expected if the model is applied to the design of quantization control schemes for MPEG encoders.
Correlated data gathering in wireless sensor networks based on distributed source coding (2008)

We propose in this paper a novel scheme for correlated data gathering in energy- and bandwidth-limited wireless sensor networks based on Distributed Source Coding (DSC). We develop a special Viterbi Algorithm, denoted as VA-DSC, for decoding of the sensor data encoded by DSC. DSC principles have recently been applied to sensor data gathering by constructing practical DSC schemes using channel coding approach. However, existing schemes have not yet taken into account the inherent difference between source coding and channel coding. In this proposed algorithm, we take advantage of the known parity bits at the decoder when the data is encoded by DSC. When the proposed algorithm is applied to Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) and Turbo codes, we demonstrate that VA-DSC is able to reduce both decoding error probability and computational complexity. When the proposed algorithm is applied to correlated data gathering in wireless sensor networks, we demonstrate that VA-DSC is also capable of receiving all data correctly, while, at the same time, reducing the energy consumption in the networks. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme results in superior performance in terms of data reception accuracy and energy consumption efficiency.
Increasing the accuracy of structure function based evaluation of thermal transient measurements (2004)

The Structure functions based evaluation of the thermal transient measurements is now a broadly accepted way for the characterization of the time dependent behavior of the heat flow path. The usual way of generating structure functions considers one main heat flow path. By using a large mathematical tool set it generates for this path the Rth-Cth map of the structure. This enables an easy detection of partial thermal resistances in the heat flow path, with which we can determine the values of e.g. interface thermal resistances, etc. The accuracy that we can obtain with this methodology, working on simulated results is in the order of 2-5%. In this paper we present a methodology that enhances the accuracy of the structure function based evaluation method in case of measured thermal transient curves. In this procedure on one hand we measure the thermal transients for the system to be characterized and on other hand we measure the "parasitic" heat flow path, that influences our measurement. From the processing of the two measurements theoretically the errorless structure function of the measured structure can be generated. In this paper we present this methodology with mathematical details, and prove it with measured results.
Efficient representation of multi-bit data bus structures by symmetric two-line models (2003)

This paper presents several methods that model a multi-bit data bus structure by a two-line equivalent. A rigorous approach using formal matrix reduction results in an accurate but asymmetric model which is inconvenient to use in simulating complex systems because the rest of the system needs be adjusted accordingly. Forcing the equivalent two-line model to be symmetric gives the advantage of applying the even- and odd-mode concept, but can lose accuracy in highly coupled lines. A novel approach is shown in this paper to include secondary coupling and achieve an equivalent, symmetric, and accurate two-line model.
Petroleum Mineral Oil Refining and Evaluation of Cancer Hazard (2003)

Petroleum base oils (petroleum mineral oils) are manufactured from crude oils by vacuum distillation to produce several distillates and a residual oil that are then further refined. Aromatics including alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are undesirable constituents of base oils because they are deleterious to product performance and are potentially carcinogenic. In modern base oil refining, aromatics are reduced by solvent extraction, catalytic hydrotreating, or hydrocracking. Chronic exposure to poorly refined base oils has the potential to cause skin cancer. A chronic mouse dermal bioassay has been the standard test for estimating carcinogenic potential of mineral oils. The level of alkylated 3-7-ring PAC in raw streams from the vacuum tower must be greatly reduced to render the base oil noncarcinogenic. The processes that can reduce PAC levels are known, but the operating conditions for the processing units (e.g., temperature, pressure, catalyst type, residence time in the unit, unit engineering design, etc.) needed to achieve adequate PAC reduction are refinery specific. Chronic dermal bioassays provide information about whether conditions applied can make a noncarcinogenic oil, but cannot be used to monitor current production for quality control or for conducting research or developing new processes since this test takes at least 78 weeks to conduct. Three short-term, non-animal assays all involving extraction of oil with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) have been validated for predicting potential carcinogenic activity of petroleum base oils: a modified Ames assay of a DMSO extract, a gravimetric assay (IP 346) for wt. percent of oil extracted into DMSO, and a GC-FID assay measuring 3-7-ring PAC content in a DMSO extract of oil, expressed as percent of the oil. Extraction with DMSO concentrates PAC in a manner that mimics the extraction method used in the solvent refining of noncarcinogenic oils. The three assays are described, data demonstrating the validation of the assays are shown, and test results of currently manufactured base oils are summarized to illustrate the general lack of cancer hazard for the base oils now being manufactured.
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry of 5-hydroxytryptamine (1995)

Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, a demonstrated analytical method for the in vivo detection of dopamine, is extended to the detection of in vitro and in vivo 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) with the use of a specific potential wave form applied at 1000 V/s. The wave form, 0.2 to 1.0 to -0.1 to 0.2 V, is employed to accelerate electrode response times which are significantly slower with other wave forms due to the adsorption of 5-HT. The scan rate of 1000 V/s enables follow-up reactions which lead to the formation of strongly adsorptive products to be outrun. The peak current at a carbon fiber disk microelectrode exposed to 1 microM 5-HT in flow injection experiments is 1 nA, with a half-rise time of less than 200 ms. The peak current of Nafion-coated electrodes exposed to the same concentration of 5-HT is 5 nA, with a half-rise time on the order of 400 ms. The rate of adsorption of 5-HT was determined to be 4.22 +/- 0.33 s-1. Several compounds present in brain tissue as well as the pharmacological agents used to elicit 5-HT release in the caudate of the rat were evaluated. Those which gave a response could be differentiated from 5-HT on the basis of respective oxidative and reductive peak potentials. Nafion-coated electrodes were used to monitor transient increases in both dopamine and exogenous 5-HT in the caudate of the anesthetized rat in response to electrical stimulation. The rate of cellular uptake of 5-HT was shown to be 3-fold slower than dopamine uptake. NS-15841
Research and Design of Redundant Cluster-Head Model in WIA-PA Based on Adaptive Heartbeat Protocol (2009)

WIA-PA is a specification of wireless networks used for industrial-process automation. It has a two-tier network topology: Star and Mesh. In star network all the access can communicate with other devices through the Cluster-Head. In this paper, we have researched and designed redundant clusterhead model based on adaptive heartbeat protocol for bottlenecks in Star network. The model divides redundant cluster-head system into three modules, and achieves to monitor the states of the main cluster-head and the redundant dynamically by improving the traditional technology of heartbeat, at the same time the introduction of sleeping mechanism greatly reduces the energy consumption of WIA-PA network. Finally, in the actual WIA-PA environment we use IAR platform to develop a redundant model for test to verify the availability and reliability.
Blood flow detection with diode laser (2002)

The method for blood flow velocity registration is proposed. An optical coherent photodetection based on self-mixing in a diode laser has been used. An experimental device with pigtail laser diode was investigated. This device is tested by registration of flow of the liquid suspension containing polymer microspheres with spheres diameter 7.0 microns and density 1.05 g/cc was used instead of real blood and proved to be able to measure velocity of liquid suspension containing particles with size of erythrocytes. The self-mixing that occurs in diode laser cavity when the radiation scattered-back by the particles into the laser interferes with the field inside it and causes a changes of a laser pump current. National Instruments DAQ board and LabView for Windows are used for output signal digitalization and processing purposes. Described device as application of self-mixing method highlight the significant advantages of simplicity, compactness, and robustness as well as the self-aligning and self-detecting abilities of such method when compared with the use of conventional optical coherent methods.
[Clinical practice of the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia of Chinese classification of mental diseases II (CCMD-2) in 1,394 inpatients]. (1992)

Re-diagnosed according to diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia of CCMD-2 was applied to 1,394 inpatients, who were diagnosed as schizophrenia when stayed the hospital in 1990. As a result, 98.5% of the cases conformed with four items diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia of CCMD-2; 98.7% of the cases conformed with the criteria of symptomatology; 99.4% of the cases conformed with the criteria for the course of illness; 99.8% of the cases conformed with the for the degree of seriousness; 100% of the cases conformed with the criteria of exclusion. Concordant rate in subtype: catatonic type 96.7%, hebephrenic type 92.2%, regressive type 90.9%, paranoid type 90.6%, residual type 50%, atypical type 50%. The must common symptoms were affective disorder (91%), disturbance of association (83.5%), delusion (62.2%). Frequency of other individual symptom were obviously difference, from 76.8% to 2.9%. We consider that diagnostic criteria of the schizophrenia of CCMD-2 is a appropriate for application in both clinical diagnosis and research work.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Orbit in Brothers (1963)

The most common malignant tumor of the orbit in childhood is now believed to be the rhabdomyosarcoma, a rapidly growing neoplasm composed of partially differentiated striated muscle cells.<sup>1-3</sup>The growth arises from primitive tissue rather than from adult muscle and may originate within the orbit as well as in other sites throughout the body. The remarkable simultaneous appearance of this malignancy in the orbits of two brothers has prompted this report. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit was recently reviewed by Porterfield and Zimmerman, who collected 55 cases<sup>3</sup>; other smaller series exist, such as those by Calhoun and Reese,<sup>4</sup>Horn and Enterline,<sup>5</sup>Blaxter and Smith,<sup>6</sup>Frayer and Enterline,<sup>2</sup>and others. No complete review is attempted here. The average age of onset is seven to eight years, and the tumor occurs more frequently in boys than in girls. The lesion is unilateral and usually begins in the
The Stroke Impact Scale Version 2.0 (1999)

This new, stroke-specific outcome measure is reliable, valid, and sensitive to change. We are optimistic about the utility of measure. More studies are required to evaluate the SIS in larger and more heterogeneous populations and to evaluate the feasibility and validity of proxy responses for the most severely impaired patients.
The Structural Basis for Enhanced Silver Reflectance in Koi Fish Scale and Skin (2014)

Fish have evolved biogenic multilayer reflectors composed of stacks of intracellular anhydrous guanine crystals separated by cytoplasm, to produce the silvery luster of their skin and scales. Here we compare two different variants of the Japanese Koi fish; one of them with enhanced reflectivity. Our aim is to determine how biology modulates reflectivity, and from this to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the structure and properties governing the intensity of silver reflectance. We measured the reflectance of individual scales with a custom-made microscope, and then for each individual scale we characterized the structure of the guanine crystal/cytoplasm layers using high-resolution cryo-SEM. The measured reflectance and the structural-geometrical parameters were used to calculate the reflectance of each scale, and the results were compared to the experimental measurements. We show that enhanced reflectivity is obtained with the same basic guanine crystal/cytoplasm stacks, but the structural arrangement between the stack, inside the stacks, and relative to the scale surface is varied when reflectivity is enhanced. Finally, we propose a model that incorporates the basic building block parameters, the crystal orientation inside the tissue, and the resulting reflectance and explains the mechanistic basis for reflectance enhancement.
Relaxed look-ahead pipelined LMS adaptive filters and their application to ADPCM coder (1993)

Relaxed look-ahead is presented as an attractive technique for pipelining adaptive filters. Unlike conventional look-ahead, relaxed look-ahead does not attempt to maintain the input-output (I/O) mapping between the serial and pipelined architectures but preserves the adaptation characteristics, resulting in a small hardware overhead. Relaxed look-ahead is employed to develop fine-grained pipelined architectures for least-mean-square (LMS) adaptive filtering. The proposed architecture achieves the desired speed-up, with little or no degradation in the convergence behavior. Simulation results verifying the convergence analysis results for the pipelined LMS filter are presented. The filter is then employed to develop a high-speed adaptive differential pulse-code-modulation (ADPCM) codec. The new architecture has a negligible hardware overhead which is independent of the number of quantizer levels, the predictor order and the pipelining level. Additionally, the pipelined codec has a much lower output latency than the level of pipelining. Simulations with image data indicate that speed-ups of up to 43 can be achieved with less than 1-dB loss in SNR.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Análise de empreendimentos florestais (pinus) como alternativa de renda para o produtor rural na região dos Campos de Palmas (2004)

The present study, using a group of analysis of investments indicators, analyzes the risk-return relationship for different modalities of contracts so as to undertake reforestation activities in the area of “Campos de Palmas” in the South of Brazil. Due to the existing soil and climate conditions in that area, the pinus culture comes as a natural option of entrepreneurship for the rural landowners. Also, due to the world demand for wood, the companies of that region search for alternative forms of guaranteeing its forest supply by new organizational arrangements (contracts) such as: “pinus entrepreneurship”( in which the rural landowner decides to undertake himself and to assume the whole risk of the project); “leasing” (in which the landowner leases its property to a company in exchange for a monthly fixed income); “leasing plus a percentile” (in which the rural landlord receives a rent plus a percentile of the extracted wood); ”partnership with companies of reforestation” (in this arrangement type the company assumes the investments and the necessary maintenance costs for the formation of the forest. After the 3rd year the company gives back 25% of the planted area to the landlord). The organizational arrangement "pinus entrepreneurship" presented the highest return while the "leasing" presented the lowest one.
In Vitro Testing of Floating Light Activated Micro-Electrical Stimulators (2009)

Chronic tissue response to microelectrode implants stands in the way as a major challenge to development of many neural prosthetic applications. The long term tissue response is mostly due to the movement of interconnects and the resulting mechanical stress between the electrode and the surrounding neural tissue. Remotely activated floating micro-stimulators are one possible method of eliminating the interconnects. As a method of energy transfer to the micro-stimulator, we proposed to use a laser beam at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths. FLAMES of various sizes were fabricated with integrated silicon PIN photodiodes. Sizes varied from 120 (Width) x 300 (Length) x 100 (Height) microm to 200 x 500 x 100microm. Devices were bench tested using 850nm excitation from a Ti:Sapphire laser. To test this method, the voltage field of the FLAMES was experimentally tested in saline solution pulsed with a NIR laser beam. The voltage generated is around 196mV in peak at the cathodic contact as a response to a single pulse. When a train of laser pulses was applied at 100Hz, the peak voltage at the cathodic contact remained around 141mV suggesting the feasibility of this approach for applications with pulse frequencies up to 100Hz.
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: An Underdiagnosed Problem (1992)

(1992). Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: An Underdiagnosed Problem. Hospital Practice: Vol. 27, No. 6, pp. 73-92.