gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vacuum heat treatment for special materials (2001)

The vacuum heat treatment has more advantages than the controlled atmosphere heat treatment and the salt bath heat treatment, especially in treating special materials, such as stainless steel, etc. The vacuum heat treatment applied in the field stainless steel, magnetic materials, elastic materials, Ti alloy, supper alloy or Cu alloy, is discussed in the paper and examples are given. The types and functions of the vacuum furnace are introduced as a reference to select.
<i>In vitro</i>antitumour activity of stearic acid-<i>g</i>-chitosan oligosaccharide polymeric micelles loading podophyllotoxin (2012)

Development of successful formulations for poorly water-soluble drugs remains a longstanding critical and challenging issue in cancer therapy. The stearic acid-g-chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO-SA) micelles have been presented as potential candidates for intracellular antitumour agent delivery carrier. Herein, podophyllotoxin (PPT) loaded CSO-SA micelles (CSO-SA/PPT) were prepared by a dialysis method. The drug encapsulation efficiency could reach a higher level, the micellar size and the zeta potential increased with increasing charged amounts of drug. The cumulative release percentage of PPT drug from micelles enhanced with decreasing PPT content in the micelles. The cytotoxicities of CSO-SA/PPT micelles against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells, human lung cancer cells (A549) and human hepatoma cell line (Bel-7402) were higher than that of free PPT formulation. The higher cytotoxicities were due to the faster PPT transport into tumour cells mediated by CSO-SA micelles. Overall, CSO-SA micelles might be a promising carrier for PPT delivery in cancer therapy.
Determining the impact on the professional learning of graduates of a science and pedagogical content knowledge-based graduate degree program (2010)

This study examined the professional learning of participants in a science and pedagogical content knowledge-based graduate degree program, specifically the Master of Science in Science Education (MSSE) at Montana State University. The program's blended learning model includes distance learning coursework and laboratory, field and seminar experiences. Three-quarters of the faculty are scientists. The study sought to identify program components that contribute to a graduate course of study that is coherent, has academic rigor, and contributes to educator's professional growth and learning. The study examined the program from three perspectives: recommendations for teachers' professional learning through professional development, components of a quality graduate program, and a framework for distance learning. No large-scale studies on comprehensive models of teacher professional learning leading to change in practice have been conducted in the United States. The literature on teachers' professional learning is small. Beginning with a comprehensive review of the literature, this study sought to identify components of professional learning through professional development for teachers. The MSSE professional learning survey was designed for students and faculty, and 349 students and 24 faculty responded. The student survey explored how course experiences fostered professional learning. Open-ended responses on the student survey provided insight regarding specific program experiences influencing key categories of professional learning. A parallel faculty survey was designed to elicit faculty perspectives on the extent to which their courses fostered science content knowledge and other aspects of professional learning. Case study data and portfolios from MSSE students were used to provide deeper insights into the influential aspects of the program. The study provided evidence of significant professional learning among science teacher participants. This growth occurred in key categories defined in the literature including inquiry, building social capital, critical and responsive learning, valuing learning and building content knowledge. In general, findings from students and faculty were well aligned. Based on respondents' recommendations, the author recommended a stronger emphasis on pedagogical content knowledge, analysis of student work, and strategies for differentiating instruction for diverse learners. Conclusions include a framework and roadmap elements to inform those working to improve graduate education or professional development for science teachers.
HMOs and the efficiency of healthcare delivery. (1997)

HMOs and other forms of managed care continue to grow rapidly and remain the centerpiece of this nation's policies for health system reform. Despite a growing public and legislative backlash at managed care, there is no comprehensive theory of HMOs to guide policymakers and analysts. It is not yet clear whether managed care improves society's allocation of resources to and within the health sector. After examining HMOs within the context of Coase's theory of the firm, I argue that HMOs share characteristics with collective goods. This framework, and the expanded agency role of physicians under managed care, is used to evaluate the equity and efficiency characteristics of a system of competing HMOs. Other concerns that are increasingly associated with managed care also are addressed.
High-voltage power IC technology with nVDMOS, RESURF pLDMOS, and novel level-shift circuit for PDP scan-driver IC (2006)

A novel high-voltage (HV) CMOS IC technology using 25-/spl mu/m-thick epitaxy layer based on 1.2-/spl mu/m standard CMOS process for color plasma display panel (PDP) scan-driver ICs has been developed. In this technology, HV n-channel vertical double diffused MOS (nVDMOS), reduced surface field p-channel lateral double diffused MOS (pLDMOS), and the low-voltage CMOS (LVCMOS) are integrated together. The p/sup +/n junction isolation is used to isolate nVDMOS from the pLDMOS, LVCMOS, and other nVDMOSs. A novel level-shift circuit has also been suggested in the PDP scan-driver IC. The experimental results show that the breakdown voltages of the presented nVDMOS and pLDMOS both exceed 200V whether in the OFF or ON state. The rise and fall times of the proposed PDP scan-driver IC are about 270 and 50ns, respectively, which are two important performances to the high response speed of PDPs. The power consumption of the proposed PDP scan-driver IC with the novel level shift circuit has been reduced by about 20% compared with that of the PDP scan-driver IC with the conventional level shift circuit. Furthermore, the cost can be greatly saved using the presented bulk-silicon fabrication technology compared with the silicon-on-insulator technology.
THE HIGH-AFFINITY I<scp>g</scp>E RECEPTOR (FcεRI): From Physiology to Pathology (1999)

The high affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E (designated Fc epsilon RI) is the member of the antigen (Ag) receptor superfamily responsible for linking pathogen-or allergen-specific IgEs with cellular immunologic effector functions. This review provides background information on Fc epsilon RI function combined with more detailed summaries of recent progress in understanding specific aspects of Fc epsilon RI biology and biochemistry. Topics covered include the coordination and function of the large multiprotein signaling complexes that are assembled when Fc epsilon RI and other Ag receptors are engaged, new information on human receptor structures and tissue distribution, and the role of the FcR beta chain in signaling and its potential contribution to atopic phenotypes.
Secretase-dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Mdm2 by the ErbB-4 Intracellular Domain Fragment (2005)

Heregulin activation of the endogenous receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-4 in ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells provokes tyrosine phosphorylation of Hdm2 in a manner that is sensitive to inhibition of alpha- or gamma-secretase activity, indicating that liberation of the tyrosine kinase intracellular domain (ICD) fragment is required. Similar results are obtained when Erbb-4 is exogenously expressed in 32D cells, which do not otherwise express any ErbB family members. Expression of the ErbB-4 ICD fragment leads to its constitutive association with Mdm2 and tyrosine phosphorylation of Mdm2, a protein that is predominantly localized in the nucleus and that regulates p53 levels. When the ErbB-4 ICD fragment was expressed in H1299 cells, it promoted Hdm2 ubiquitination and increased the levels of p53 and p21, a transcriptional target of p53. In addition, expression of the ICD fragment increased p53 activity toward the p21 promoter in a luciferase reporter assay.
An application of magnetic amplifier circuits to perform multiplication and other analytical operations (1953)

Circuits are described which yield an output voltage proportional to the product or quotient of any number of input voltages. The components used are magnetic cores of grain-oriented nickel alloys, half-wave rectifiers, and linear resistors. Experimental results and some design considerations are given. Circuits of the same kind are also suggested for performing indefinite integration and other analytical operations upon signal voltages which are functions of time.
Firms dispute cancer drug patent rights (1995)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTFirms dispute cancer drug patent rightsANN THAYERCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1995, 73, 44, 8Publication Date (Print):October 30, 1995Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 30 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v073n044.p008https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v073n044.p008newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1995 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views8Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A List of Dissertations (1999)

Journal Article A List of Dissertations Get access Heather L. Block, Heather L. Block Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kyle T. Bulthuis Kyle T. Bulthuis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Western Historical Quarterly, Volume 30, Issue 3, Autumn 1999, Pages 357–369, https://doi.org/10.1093/whq/30.3.357 Published: 01 August 1999
Periodierte Cyclosilane (1981)

Die ersten ringförmigen Silicium-Iod-Verbindungen (SiI2)n, n = 4, 5, 6, sind aus den entsprechenden Phenyl-Derivaten durch Umsetzung mit HI unter AlI3-Katalyse zugänglich. Der Katalysator muß wasser- und iodfrei sein. Die Produkte sind gelb und außerordentlich feuchtigkeitsempfindlich.
Human Motion Behaviour Aware Planner (HMBAP) for path planning in dynamic human environments (2013)

For a robot navigating in a human inhabited dynamic environment, the knowledge of how the robot's movement can influence the trajectory of people around it can be very valuable. In this work we present a Human Motion Behaviour Aware Planner (HMBAP) which incorporates a Human Motion Behaviour Model (HMBM) in its planning stage to take advantage of this. HMBM is an obstacle avoidance model for people based on social forces which gives the robot an understanding of how people would react to its planned path. This information is useful for the robot to avoid imminent collisions with people in constricted spaces. The resulting robot behaviour is similar to how a human would move (in terms of avoidance behaviour) in a similar situation. We believe that this is a desirable feature for a robot navigating in a human inhabited environment. Our method shows good human-like navigation behaviour in situations where past methods fail to find a solution.
Rat plasma prealbumin. Metabolic studies on effects of vitamin A status and on tissue distribution. (1977)

This study was conducted in order to investigate the metabolism of plasma prealbumin in the rat.A specific, sensitive, and accurate radioimmunoassay was first developed, using a monospecific antiserum raised against purified rat prealbumin.Identical displacement curves were obtained when pure rat prealbumin or serial dilutions of serum, liver, or kidney homogenates from normal and from vitamin Adeficient rats were examined in the radioimmunoassay.The effects of vitamin A depletion and deficiency and of later repletion with retinol on the concentrations of prealbumin in serum and liver were examined.During vitamin A depletion, as reported previously, serum retinol-binding protein (RBP) levels showed a marked decline between Days 10 and 34, followed by a gradual further decline to about one-tenth the level in control rats.In contrast, serum prealbumin levels were not significantly different between the deficient and the control rats.Unlike RBP levels, which in vitamin A deficiency show a 3-to 4-fold increase in the liver, immunoreactive prealbumin levels were only slightly higher in the deficient livers compared with normals.Upon repletion of vitamin A-deficient rats with retinol, serum RBP levels increased d-fold; no significant changes were, however, found in the serum or liver levels of prealbumin.Thus, both the blockage (in vitamin A deficiency) and the stimulation (in retinol repletion) of the secretion of hepatic RBP oecurred without appreciable changes in the rate of secretion of prealbumin by the liver.These findings strongly suggest that the hepatic secretion of prealbumin and RBP are independently regulated processes and that the prealbumin.RBP complex is formed in plasma after the independent secretion of the two proteins from the liver cell.When liver homogenates were fractionated by centrifugation, approximately 60% of the prealbumin was found associated with the microsomal fraction.Incubation with deoxycholate released the liver prealbumin into the soluble frac-
Electron&#8212;Hole recombination antiblooming for virtual-phase CCD imager (1983)

This paper describes a new antiblooming concept employing localized and controlled charge removal from a photosite based on electron-hole recombination via interface traps. The concept can be applied to various types of CCD and CID devices, and is demonstrated on a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">490V \times 581H</tex> frame transfer virtual-phase CCD imager. Results of antiblooming experiments as well as experiments addressing some of the physical parameters of the electron-hole recombination process are given.
Sequence Analysis of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Latent Membrane Protein-1 Gene and Promoter Region: Identification of Four Variants Among Wild-Type EBV Isolates (1997)

Sequence variations in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) gene have been described in a Chinese nasopharyngeal carcinoma-derived isolate (CAO), and in viral isolates from various EBV-associated tumors. It has been suggested that these genetic changes, which include loss of a Xho I restriction site (position 169425) and a C-terminal 30-base pair (bp) deletion (position 168287-168256), define EBV genotypes associated with increased tumorigenicity or with disease among particular geographic populations. To determine the frequency of LMP-1 variations in European wild-type virus isolates, we sequenced the LMP-1 promoter and gene in EBV from lymphoblastoid cell lines from healthy carriers and patients without EBV-associated disease. Sequence changes were often present, and defined at least four main groups of viral isolates, which we designate Groups A through D. The widespread prevalence of LMP-1 sequence variations, particularly the Xho I polymorphism and the 30-bp deletion, indicate that they cannot be used as simple markers for oncogenic viruses related to particular forms of EBV-associated tumor. Several of the structural changes detected occur, however, at sites where they may affect transcription, translation, or function of LMP-1. Future in vitro studies should aim to establish the functional importance of variations at these sites.
Biochip array technology and evaluation of serum levels of multiple cytokines and adhesion molecules in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. (2014)

Our results indicate that serum levels of specific cytokines and adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin, IL-6, IL-8) are significantly altered in patients with newly diagnosed AML, showing activity of the disease. Whether these alterations could serve as a prognostic marker for AML is not known. Further studies will be needed to define the potential role of these and additional markers in the risk stratification of AML.
Benchmarking the performance of ultrathin body InAs-on-insulator transistors as a function of body thickness (2011)

The effect of body thickness (5-13 nm) on the leakage currents of top-gated, InAs-on-insulator field-effect-transistors with a channel length of ∼200 nm is explored. From a combination of experiments and simulation, it is found that the OFF-state currents are primarily dominated by Shockley Read Hall recombination/generation and trap-assisted tunneling. The OFF currents are shown to decrease with thickness reduction, highlighting the importance of the ultrathin body device configuration. The devices exhibit promising performances, with a peak extrinsic and intrinsic transconductances of ∼1.7 and 2.3 mS/μm, respectively, at a low source/drain voltage of 0.5 V and a body thickness of ∼13 nm.
RISA: Distributed Road Information Sharing Architecture (2012)

With the advent of the new IEEE 802.11p DSRC/WAVE radios, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications is poised for a dramatic leap. A canonical application for these future vehicular networks is the detection and notification of anomalous road events (e.g., potholes, bumps, icy road patches, etc.). We present the Road Information Sharing Architecture (RISA), the first distributed approach to road condition detection and dissemination for vehicular networks. RISA provides for the in-network aggregation and dissemination of event information detected by multiple vehicles in a timely manner for improved information reliability and bandwidth efficiency. RISA uses a novel Time-Decay Sequential Hypothesis Testing (TD-SHT) approach in which event information from multiple sources is combined with time-varying beliefs. We describe our implementation of RISA which has been deployed and tested on a fleet of vehicles on-site at the GM Warren Technical Center in Michigan. We further provide a comprehensive evaluation of the aggregation mechanism using emulation of the RISA code on real vehicular mobility traces.
Advanced oxidation protein products sensitized the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 via NADPH oxidase 1 and 4 to cause mechanical hyperalgesia (2016)

Oxidative stress is a possible pathogenesis of hyperalgesia. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), a new family of oxidized protein compounds, have been considered as a novel marker of oxidative stress. However, the role of AOPPs in the mechanism of hyperalgesia remains unknown. Our study aims to investigate whether AOPPs have an effect on hyperalgesia and the possible underlying mechanisms. To identify the AOPPs involved, we induced hyperalgesia in rats by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in hindpaw. The level of plasma AOPPs in CFA-induced rats was 1.6-fold in comparison with what in normal rats (P<0.05). After intravenous injection of AOPPs-modified rat serum albumin (AOPPs-RSA) in Sprague-Dawley rats, the paw mechanical thresholds, measured by the electronic von Frey system, significantly declined. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that AOPPs increased expressions of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) tissues. In-vitro studies were performed on primary DRG neurons which were obtained from both thoracic and lumbar DRG of rats. Results indicated that AOPPs triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in DRG neurons, which were significantly abolished by ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and small-interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of Nox1 or Nox4. The expressions of Nox1, Nox4, TRPV1 and CGRP were significantly increased in AOPPs-induced DRG neurons. And relevant siRNA or inhibitors notably suppressed the expressions of these proteins and the calcium influxes in AOPPs-induced DRG neurons. In conclusion, AOPPs increased significantly in CFA-induced hyperalgesia rats and they activated Nox1/Nox4-ROS to sensitize TRPV1-dependent Ca2+ influx and CGRP release which led to inducing mechanical hyperalgesia.
Sapphyrin–lasalocid conjugate: a novel carrier for aromatic amino acid transport (1996)

J. L. Sessler and A. Andrievsky, Chem. Commun., 1996, 1119 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960001119
Influence of processing variables on the pore structure of silica gels obtained with tetraethylorthosilicate (1999)

Received: August 15, 1998; Revised: March 30, 1999 In this work it was evaluated the influence of the type and concentration of the acid catalyst and the gelation temperature on the structure of pores of silica gels obtained with TEOS. The values of the major structural parameters related to the pores such as volume fraction of pore (VV), surface area per unit volume (SV), the average pore size (rP) and the connectivity of pores (GV), obtained in this work showed the possibility of tailoring the pore structure of silica gels by changing the processing variables. For the HF catalyzed gels the values of average pore radius varied from 6.8 nm to 21.6 nm, and the gelation time varied from 2 min to 140 min. For the gels obtained in this work the activation energy for gelation (E) was found to be 11.8 kcal/mole.
Realizing 3D Visual Programming Environments within a Virtual Environment (1995)

In the visual programming community, many interesting graphical metaphors have been reported upon for representing computer programs graphically. Most of them have a 2D or 2.5D appearance on the screen in order to reflect the inherent multi-dimensionality of the programming constructs being represented. By going into a three-dimensional representation, this reflection can go a step further. With ever increasing 3D graphics rendering capabilities on todays computers, it moreover becomes feasible to extend the dimensionality of the program (and data structure) depiction. We follow this approach by realizing 3D graphical programming techniques within CAEL, our interactive Computer Animation Environment Language. The paper elucidates how several concepts, traditionally found within the Virtual Environments area, can be utilized in the realization of three-dimensional Programming Environments.
DNA extraction from human urinary sediment. (1998)

DNA was extracted from urinary sediments and was sufficient for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzymatic analysis, even if DNA from microorganisms coexisted. From urine samples, the yield of DNA ranged from trace levels to 20 micrograms per 10 mL urine. When urinary sediment was stored in ethanol, DNA remained stable for 2 weeks or more. Individual identification and sex determination could easily be performed using either fresh or ethanol-fixed urine. In conclusion, urine can be used as a source for PCR-based investigations and genetic studies.