gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the threshold setting principles in code acquisition of DS-SS signals (2000)

This paper compares the meaning of different threshold setting principles in the code acquisition process of a direct sequence (DS) spread spectrum (SS) receiver. The consideration is made mainly in one-path additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. A consideration to a fixed multipath channel is given to see its effect on the results. Also, a consideration for a certain type of fading is given in a case where the signal power is assumed to be considerably lower, i.e., faded, part of the time. For the possible performance measures of code acquisition, the main interest is in the mean acquisition time T/sub MA/. The probability of the acquisition in a given observation interval P/sub acq/ is also considered to see if different measures have different demands. A matched filter (MF) acquisition is used with and without a verification mode using an active integration. In the comparisons, fixed thresholds, thresholds based on constant false alarm rate (CFAR) criteria, and optimal thresholds in the sense to give either the minimum T/sub MA/ or the maximum P/sub acq/ are used. The results, which are obtained by using a method of selecting the maximum value at the output of the MF, are compared to the threshold cases. The results can be summarized as follows: when the performance measure is T/sub MA/, the best results are obtained by using CFAR-based threshold comparison. By a proper selection of the probability of a false alarm, the same performance is obtained as by using the optimal thresholds. When the performance measure is P/sub acq/, the maximum-selection method is the best choice.
Ultra wide-band trajectory following for an omnidirectional factory automation vehicle (2014)

In this paper, an ultra wide-band (UWB) localization system is presented that is used in conjunction with on-board odometry sensors to precisely guide an autonomous factory vehicle along a specified path. A precise UWB-based system has many advantages over conventional automated path following technologies, but the most significant advantage is its reconfigurability. Paths are specified in software, and changing the path does not require any changes in factory infrastructure. Simulation and real-time experimental results demonstrate that by combining localization estimates with odometry data, it is feasible to achieve a very capable path following system in a practical factory environment.
Dolphins: The Philosophical Questions (2007)

This chapter contains section titled: “Human” Versus “Person” Human, Person and Ethics Philosophical Ethics Ethics and Nonhumans “Alien Intelligence” Two Questions
Proximal Large-Bore Jet Ventilation for Laryngeal Laser Surgery (1987)

The carbon dioxide surgical laser has made many open upper airway operations obsolete. However, new laser-related hazards have been encountered, the most serious of which is fire in the airway. Venturi jet ventilation removes that risk and provides an unobstructed surgical field. Indications and techniques for the use of jet ventilation with carbon dioxide laser surgery remain controversial, particularly whether jet ventilation should be used in papillomatosis or in the severely obstructed airway, and whether proximal and distal catheter techniques are equally safe and effective. We report the successful use of proximal large-bore Venturi jet ventilation in 327 consecutive patients undergoing microlaryngeal laser surgery. The technique is ideal for pediatric patients with subglottic stenosis or recurrent respiratory papillomas and has not caused distal seeding in the latter group. We recommend the use of low-pressure ventilation, even in relatively obstructed airways. The experimental evidence reported here corroborates the clinical viewpoint expressed; the technique is safe, simple, and uncomplicated if used with care.
A 0.8 Watts, 10 Bits/20MHz CMOS Flash Converter based on an Original Technic Called Cyclic * Auto-zero (1990)

A new technic called cyclic Auto-zero is presented. The realization of 10 bits 20 MHz flash CMOS ADC based on this technic is described. Results of this circuit are presented at the end.
Post implantation adjustable intraocular lenses. (2001)

To eliminate persistent refractive errors after cataract and phakic IOL surgery, photosensitive silicone IOLs have been developed. These IOL formulations enable precise laser adjustment of IOL power to correct spherical and toric errors post-operatively, after wound and IOL stabilization. Initial experience with these laser adjustable IOLs indicate excellent biocompatability and adjustability of more than five diopters.
Outside-in signaling by lipopolysaccharide through a tailless integrin (1997)

Ligand binding to integrins activates intracellular signaling pathways that coordinate and regulate a variety of cellular responses. There is evidence to suggest that the cytoplasmic tails play a key role in several of these signaling events. We sought to determine whether the beta2 integrin complement receptor type 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), a receptor for LPS, could initiate an intracellular signal in the absence of its cytoplasmic domains. Expression of full length CR3 in a Chinese hamster ovary-K1 fibroblast line enabled serum-independent translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB in response to binding LPS. Unexpectedly, a cell line expressing a mutated form of CR3 deficient in the cytoplasmic domains was also competent for transmitting a signal in response to LPS. In contrast, phagocytosis of whole Gram-negative bacteria and iC3b-coated erythrocytes took place only with a full length receptor. Thus, while full length CR3 is necessary for productive phagocytic signals, LPS activation does not require the cytoplasmic domains. CR3 may function to activate cells by presenting LPS to a downstream signal transducer.
Evaluation of adaptive PRML/Viterbi bit detection for DVD and beyond (2000)

Two adaptive PRML/Viterbi bit detectors have been evaluated based on DVD. They are able to handle non-linearities. It is shown that adaptive PRML/Viterbi detection can help to improve the tangential tilt margin or to increase the possible density.
DNA structure equilibria in the human c-myc gene (1987)

We have employed analytical S1 nuclease analysis to identify sites with altered DNA secondary structure in the human c-myc gene. We have mapped several sites of that kind in vitro at one-base resolution but have focused our attention on one particularly stable conformational isomer which occurs approximately 270 base pairs upstream from the preferred transcription origin. We have analyzed the kinetics of that conformational equilibrium as a function of supercoil density and enzyme concentration and find that DNA structure in this region is adequately modeled as a two-state equilibrium between an undistorted (S1 nuclease insensitive) and a distorted (S1-sensitive) state. We find that at fixed supercoil density, S1 nuclease cleavage at this DNA segment can be altered in vitro by a DNA sequence change as far away as 1500 bases. We also find that the S1 nuclease cleavage at this site can be dramatically enhanced by the binding of small RNA molecules. On the basis of an analysis of S1 cutting kinetics and an analysis of DNA sequence at the S1 cleavage site, we conclude that RNA may bind directly to DNA, thereby shifting the underlying conformational equilibrium. Together, these data suggest that as a class, short RNA molecules could serve as site-specific regulatory elements in the myc gene and elsewhere.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF NATURALLY OCCURRING POLYAMINES. 6. EFFICIENT SYNTHESES OF N1‐ AND N8‐ACETYLSPERMIDINE (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Aminobutyl‐hexahydropyrimidin (I) erhält man je nach Reaktionsbedingungen die Acetylierungsprodukte (IIa)‐(IIc).
Crystallization and characterization of human chorionic gonadotropin in chemically deglycosylated and enzymically desialylated states (1989)

Crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction studies at moderate resolution have been grown from two forms of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG): HF-treated hCG and neuraminidase-treated hCG. The enzymatically desialylated form of hCG produced crystals that diffract to 2.8 A as compared to the HF-treated hCG crystals that diffract to 3.0 A. Although it was assumed that the high and heterogeneous carbohydrate content of the glycoprotein hormones inhibited their crystallization, this report suggests that it is the negatively charged surface sugars and neither the total carbohydrate content nor its heterogeneity which interferes with crystal formation. Chemical deglycosylation resulted in significantly increased protein degradation during crystal growth. Such peptide bond cleavages were observed to a much lesser extent in the crystals grown from neuraminidase-digested hCG. Sequence analysis of the HF-treated hCG crystals suggested that up to 45% of the molecules within the crystal had an acid-labile peptide bond cleaved. In contrast, the neuraminidase-treated hCG exhibited less than 9% of this type of cleavage. The increase in heterogeneity of the polypeptide chains within both crystals over that existent in the starting proteins was apparently due to changes occurring during crystal growth. The manner in which hCG was treated prior to crystallization was found to be a very important factor in the extent of peptide bond cleavages occurring during crystal growth. HF treatment of glycoproteins may render glycoproteins more susceptible to peptide bond cleavages during crystal growth.
Parametric Bayesian Estimation of Differential Entropy and Relative Entropy (2010)

Given iid samples drawn from a distribution with known parametric form, we propose the minimization of expected Bregman divergence to form Bayesian estimates of differential entropy and relative entropy, and derive such estimators for the uniform, Gaussian, Wishart, and inverse Wishart distributions. Additionally, formulas are given for a log gamma Bregman divergence and the differential entropy and relative entropy for the Wishart and inverse Wishart. The results, as always with Bayesian estimates, depend on the accuracy of the prior parameters, but example simulations show that the performance can be substantially improved compared to maximum likelihood or state-of-the-art nonparametric estimators.
Riluzole induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress. (2009)

Riluzole induces inhibition of DNA synthesis and apoptotic cell death via ER stress in both the LNCaP and C4-2 prostate cancer cell lines.
A Study of the Relationship between Multiple Intelligences & Grammatical Errors (2011)

The purposes of the study were : 1) to make surveys on grammatical errors and multiple intelligences of Chinese EFL learners; 2) to explore the possible relationship between grammatical errors and multiple intelligences; 3) to make a comparison between two groups of the learners about the number of errors after receiving two different kinds of instruction – the control group following undifferentiated instruction ignoring the subjects’ conditions of multiple intelligences, and the experiment group receiving instruction catering to each subject’s composition of multiple intelligences. The subjects were 74 first year students of English major at Guangzhou Automobile College, China, all enrolled in 2009, belonging to two classes, which was randomly designated as one control group and one experimental group. The method used in the study was quantitative. The study was conducted through data collection by administering of questionnaire, writing task, and error correction test to all the subjects. Then it was followed with data analysis by examination of frequency distributions of multiple intelligences and grammatical errors, bivariate correlation between the multiple intelligences and grammatical errors, and independent-samples t test on the two groups of subjects. The study found that among the Chinese EFL learners: 1) the most frequently made grammatical errors was the incorrect usage of lexical verbs; 2) the obvious intelligence displayed in strength was intrapersonal intelligence; 3) the most obvious correlation was a negative one found between visual intelligence and article errors; 4) the experimental group obtaining multiple intelligences based instruction performed better in error correction than the control group which followed undifferentiated instruction.
The Refractive Indices and Dielectric Constants of Air and its Principal Constituents at 24,000 Mc/s (1951)

The refractive indices of air and its principal constituents have been measured at a frequency of 24,000 Mc/s. with a precision comparable with that obtained in the optical range. The method is based on the measurement of the resonant frequency of a cavity resonator first when it is filled with the gas and then when it is evacuated. The source of oscillations used is a Pound-stabilized velocity-modulated oscillator, and its frequency is measured by reference to a high harmonic of a quartz standard, with a precision of 1 part in 108. The cavity is provided with a tuning plunger, which changes the resonant frequency through a range of about 10 Mc/s, and is calibrated to an accuracy of within 1 kc/s.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Oxa-Lacticin A2, a Lantibiotic Analogue with Sulfur Replaced by Oxygen (2009)

An oxidatively stable analogue 3 of lacticin 3147 A2 (2), wherein the sulfur atoms are replaced with oxygens, was synthesized using solution phase peptide synthesis and sequential on-resin cyclizations. Biological evaluation suggests that oxa-lacticin A2 (3) retains independent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria but lacks the synergistic activity with natural lacticin A1 that is characteristic of the native lacticin A2 peptide.
The Quantitative Determination of Renin in the Plasma of Patients with Arterial Hypertension (1963)

A method was described for the quantitative determination of renin in small amounts of dialyzed human plasma, utilizing the first order reaction constant. A wide variation was found in the renin-substrate (angiotensinogen) content of plasma of patients with arterial hypertension. Many of these patients had high concentrations of this factor.
Metal Chelates of a Bis-imidazole<sup>*</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal Chelates of a Bis-imidazole*Charles N. C. Drey and Joseph S. FrutonCite this: Biochemistry 1965, 4, 7, 1258–1263Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00883a007https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00883a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Autostereoscopic adaptive 3D multi-screen system (2002)

The new 3D system is a person-adaptive autostereoscopic multi-screen panoramic monitor (PAMS) which presents to the observer position-true real time scenes distributed over up to 3 TFT displays. All adaptive stereo pixel operations are done by a high performance 3D graphic board.
Photocurable Amphiphilic Perfluoropolyether/Poly(ethylene glycol) Networks for Fouling-Release Coatings (2011)

We demonstrate a facile way of cross-linking hydrophobic perfluoropolyethers, PFPEs, with a series of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)s, PEGs, to prepare a range of amphiphilic networks for use as fouling-release coatings. The PFPE matrix of the networks endows the coating with a low surface energy while the PEG is added to weaken fouling adhesion. It is therefore envisioned that the coating surfaces of these optically transparent and mechanically robust films will display hydrophobicity leading to nonfouling and fouling release characteristics. Two kinds of functionalized PEG oligomers have been cross-linked with reactive, dimethacryloxy-functionalized PFPE oligomers to form a range of amphiphilic networks: (i) a monomethacryloxy-functionalized PEG macromonomer (454 g/mol) (PEG454−MA) which was used to yield blends with flexible PEG chains on the surface as well as in bulk and (ii) a dimethacryloxy-functionalized PEG (550 g/mol) (PEG550−DMA) which results in PEG chains that are relatively more restricted in the network blends and serve as an added difunctional cross-linker for the network along with the dimethacryloxy-functionalized PFPE. The PFPE/PEG cross-linked networks coated on a substrate show very low swelling characteristics in water when PEG454−MA comprises not more than 10 wt % of the overall composition or when PEG550−DMA is used and does not comprise more than 30 wt % of the overall composition. The PFPE/PEG454−MA coatings having PEG chains with one untethered chain end were found to display relatively high spore and barnacle release performance in comparison to PFPE/PEG550−DMA coatings which have the PEG chains in a more restricted network topology.
Improving the usability of online information when translated from English to Chinese (1996)

Business information systems are usually written and presented in English, with graphics designed from a western cultural perspective. Online help and error messages are likewise written and displayed in English. To exploit global marketplace opportunities, business systems must be designed to accommodate a range of cultural conventions, with printed documentation and online help translated into local languages. The paper discusses major considerations in the translation of online documentation from English to Chinese. It describes the particular approach taken by one major software company and evaluates its efforts from the users' perspective.
Write-only disk caches (1990)

With recent declines in the cost of semiconductor memory and the increasing need for high performance I/O disk systems, it makes sense to consider the design of large caches. In this paper, we consider the effect of caching writes. We show that cache sizes in the range of a few percent allow writes to be performed at negligible or no cost and independently of locality considerations.
Culture Fusion and English Language Teaching (2007)

This paper is first to exemplify the problems caused by culture difference. After this, a survey is made on Chinese-western culture difference and its main aspects, followed by the Chinese and western culture difference on the layer of language. In the second part the discussion of the relationship between language and culture reveals the importance of culture education in language teaching. The author is of the opinion that one cannot really master a target language without adequate knowledge of the culture related to that language. The paper concludes with several suggestions about useful ways to get culture fusion in ELT and points out that human beings do not live in the objective world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection.
Optimising train movements through coastcontrolusing genetic algorithms (1997)

A genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimise train movements using appropriate coast control that can be integrated within automatic train operation (ATO) systems. The coast control output for a train changes with the interstation distances and gradient profiles, and the current operating conditions of the mass rapid transit (MRT) system, namely, (i) train schedules, (ii) expected passenger loads and (iii) expected track voltages. The algorithm generates an optimum coast control based on evaluation of the punctuality, riding comfort and energy consumption. Before the train sets off to the designated station, a coast control table is generated that will be referenced by the train at runtime for deciding when to initiate coasting or resume motoring control. Each coast control table is encoded into variable length chromosomes with each gene representing the relative position between stations where coasting should be initiated or terminated. Each generation is evolved from mating of the paired equal-length chromosomes with possibilities of crossover, mutations, gene duplications and gene deletions. The key feature of this method is that it has a solid mathematical foundation. Effectively, the implementation provides good, credible and reasonably fast solutions for this variable dimensional and multiobjective optimisation problem. The algorithm has the potentials for on-line implementation for producing the coast control lookup table for each interstation run before the train sets off. The results, although preliminary, suggest that the method is promising.
Multi-Access Edge Computing Assisted Mobile Ad-hoc Cloud (2019)

Mobile Ad-hoc Cloud offers users the capability to offload intensive tasks on a cloud composed of voluntary mobile devices. Due to the availability of these devices in the proximity, intensive tasks can be processed locally. In addition, the literature referred to in the text, distinguishes a specific class of application to be well addressed when processed at the user level. However, due to lack of commitment, mobility, and unpredictability of the mobile devices, providing a rich ad-hoc cloud service is challenging. Furthermore, the resource availability of these devices impacts the service offered to the requester. As a result, this thesis aims to address the challenges mentioned above. With the support of Multi-Access Edge Computing, a mobile ad-hoc Infrastructure as a Service composition framework is proposed. An ad-hoc application server is designed to operate over the MEC platform to compose and manage the mobile ad-hoc cloud. The server uses the information provided by the MEC services to compose volunteer resources for a given request. As well, a heuristic approach for a multi-dimensional bin packing technique is considered, while extending the Euclidean distance for sub-tasks selection. In addition, to address the lack of resource availability, an architecture for MAC using SDN is proposed. The logically centralized controller works with the application server to migrate requests seamlessly from one region to another. Inspired by the benefits of the MEC, a mobility mechanism is introduced to address the movement of the participants. Finally, based on the evaluation, it was observed that the proposed MAC framework not only provided better use of resources but also provided a consisted and scalable service.