gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The DPP‐4 inhibitor linagliptin does not prolong the QT interval at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses (2011)

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • Linagliptin (BI 1356) is an oral, highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor which is under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and for which the pivotal phase III programme has recently been completed. • There have been no observed electrocardiogram changes in a linagliptin single rising dose study with up to 600 mg, and no preclinical signals for QT liability. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • This manuscript describes the findings of a thorough QT study for linagliptin conducted according to the ICH E14 guideline, with a therapeutic dose (5 mg) and a 20‐fold therapeutic dose (100 mg). • Linagliptin does not cause clinically relevant changes of the corrected QT interval with a therapeutic dose and a 20‐fold therapeutic dose. • The 20‐fold therapeutic dose of linagliptin was safe and well tolerated. AIM To evaluate the potential effects of therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses of linagliptin (BI 1356) on the QT/QT c interval in healthy subjects. METHODS The study was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, four‐period crossover study using single oral doses of linagliptin (5 mg and 100 mg), moxifloxacin (400 mg) and placebo. Electrocardiogram (ECG) profiles using triplicates of 12‐lead 10‐s ECGs were digitally recorded pre‐dose and after drug administration. The mean change from baseline (MCfB) of the individually heart rate corrected QT interval (QT c I) between 1 and 4 h postdrug administration was the primary end point. Blood samples to measure plasma concentrations of linagliptin and its main metabolite were also obtained. RESULTS Forty‐four Caucasian subjects (26 male) entered the study and 43 subjects completed the study as planned in the protocol. Linagliptin was not associated with an increase in the baseline‐adjusted mean QT c I, at any time point. The placebo‐corrected MCfB of QT c I was −1.1 (90% CI −2.7, 0.5) ms and −2.5 (–4.1, –0.9) ms for linagliptin 5 mg and 100 mg, respectively, thus within the non‐inferiority margin of 10 ms according to ICH E14. Linagliptin was well tolerated; the assessment of ECGs and other safety parameters gave no clinically relevant findings at either dose tested. Maximum plasma concentrations after administration of 100‐mg linagliptin were ∼24‐fold higher than those observed previously for chronic treatment with the therapeutic 5‐mg dose. Assay sensitivity was confirmed by a placebo‐corrected MCfB of QT c I with moxifloxacin of 6.9 (90% CI 5.4, 8.5) ms. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic and significantly supratherapeutic exposure to linagliptin is not associated with QT interval prolongation.
Sensation-based photo cropping (2009)

This paper proposes a novel method for automatically cropping a photo using a quality classifier that assesses whether the cropped region is agreeable to users. We statistically build this quality classifier using large photo collections available on websites where people manually insert quality scores to photos. We first trim the original image and then decide on the candidates for cropping. We find the cropped region with the highest quality score by applying the quality classifier to the candidates. Current automatic photo cropping techniques search for attention grabbing regions that consist of salient pixels from the original photo. They are not always pleasant to users because they do not take into account the quality of the cropped region. Our method with the quality classifier outperforms a state-of-the-art method that takes into consideration only the user's attention for automatic photo cropping.
Real-time indoor localization with TDOA and distributed software defined radio: demonstration abstract (2016)

We present a system utilizing off-the-shelf hardware components and a software framework, which is able to perform radio frequency localization with high accuracy in the order of a few meters. The architecture consists of highly synchronized receivers that are utilized by a distributed software defined radio stack in order to obtain synchronized multi channel reception of the target signal. This includes transportation of the sampled baseband signals from the receivers over a backbone network and local signal processing at a fusion center. To overcome the large drifts in the synchronization signals provided by GPS, we permanently calibrate the system based on a stationary reference source. The implemented system framework enables us to perform research on localization algorithms and performance evaluation under the influence of various inherent noise and error sources.
Structure of human hemoglobin messenger RNA and its relation to hemoglobinopathies. (1977)

1. One-fifth to 1/4 of globin mRNA is untranslated sequence other than polyadenylic acid. 2. The untranslated sequences of mRNA vary markedly in their sequence and in their length. 3. Globin mRNAs demonstrate a marked bias in codon selection. 4. Viral mRNA shows a quite different pattern of codon selection; therefore, the selection of codons is not uniform for all mRNAs functioning in animal cells. 5. Elongated hemoglobin chains can be accounted for by frame-shift mutations, or point mutations within the normal termination codon. The additional amino acids are then coded for by sequences that are normally untranslated. 6. Certain hemoglobin deletion mutants occur at sites where there are partially reiterated sequences within the heomoglobin messenger RNA.
Ammoniation of Baled Paddy Straw on Ammonia (Urea) Treatment Plant (2010)

The performance evaluation of straw treatment plant was carried out on two stacks of paddy straws and the treated bales were covered with polythene sheet either by keeping the stack upside down separately (method no. 1) or on the plant itself (method no. 2) to study the effect of manners of stacking on moisture migration pattern. Economics of ammonia (urea) treatment of baled paddy straw on this plant for herd size of 25 to 100 numbers of cattle was worked out. The actual time required for completion of wetting of baled straw up to the recommended average moisture content of 40% (w.b.) with urea solution at the discharge rate of 35.76 g/min/emitter was approximately 42.23 min. The variation of moisture (50–30%) from top layer to bottom layers was in the safe range of treatment. Moisture retaining efficiency was 90.96%. In method 1 of curing, the moisture content of bottom most layer decreased by 3.35% whereas in top most layer it increased by 9.55%. However, in method no. 2 the moisture content of both, bottom and top most layers increased by 5.53 and 5.88%, respectively. The total cost for construction of the treatment plant was approximately Rs. 54000.00. The cost of treatment of baled paddy straw was Rs. 419, 342, 318 and 303/t for a herd size of 25, 50, 75 and 100 animals, respectively, which indicated that the cost of ammonia (urea) treatment decreased with an increase in the quantity of treated straw in a day.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Busulfan with<i>GSTA1</i>Polymorphisms in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2015)

To our knowledge, this is the first PPK study to suggest that GSTA1 polymorphisms in adults are associated with busulfan PK.
Prevalence of cerebral white matter lesions in elderly people: a population based magnetic resonance imaging study. The Rotterdam Scan Study (2001)

The prevalence and the degree of cerebral white matter lesions increased with age. Women tended to have a higher degree of white matter lesions than men. This may underlie the finding of a higher incidence of dementia in women than in men, particularly at later age.
Development of artificial surface layers for thin film cathode materials (2016)

The present work was based on the investigation of different thin film components of Li ion batteries. A first part was dedicated to the deposition of cathodes in thin film form of a known material, LiCoO2, and an alternative one, Li(NiMnCo)O2 employing physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), respectively. A second part was focused on the cathode-electrolyte interface for three case studies: 1) as deposited LiCoO2 cathode thin film, 2) ZrO2 coated LiCoO2 thin film and 3) LiPON coated LiCoO2 thin film. The interface cathode-electrolyte of these three cases were studied before and after galvanostatic cycling to determine surface layer characteristics and changes arising on the interface after battery operation. The interface of a bare LiCoO2 layer was further studied after soaking in liquid electrolyte to elucidate the effect of short storage procedures in batteries. Additionally, LiPON thin films were studied on the basis of structural changes occurring with nitrogenation and its correlation to a possible mechanism during ion conduction. Composition of phosphate glasses with rf sputtering was proven to be greatly influenced by the gas ratio employed.
A Dimmable Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamp (2006)

A dimmable electrodeless fluorescent lamp (induction lamp) is introduced in this paper. The principles of the induction lamp are introduced in details. A dimming approach for the lamp is discussed in both theory and experiment. A continuous dimming range from 30%-100% can be realized with the application of the IC chip.
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults (2015)

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy comprises an air/oxygen blender, an active humidifier, a single heated circuit, and a nasal cannula. It delivers adequately heated and humidified medical gas at up to 60 L/min of flow and is considered to have a number of physiological effects: reduction of anatomical dead space, PEEP effect, constant fraction of inspired oxygen, and good humidification. While there have been no big randomized clinical trials, it has been gaining attention as an innovative respiratory support for critically ill patients. Most of the available data has been published in the neonatal field. Evidence with critically ill adults are poor; however, physicians apply it to a variety of patients with diverse underlying diseases: hypoxemic respiratory failure, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, post-extubation, pre-intubation oxygenation, sleep apnea, acute heart failure, patients with do-not-intubate order, and so on. Many published reports suggest that HFNC decreases breathing frequency and work of breathing and reduces needs of escalation of respiratory support in patients with diverse underlying diseases. Some important issues remain to be resolved, such as its indication, timing of starting and stopping HFNC, and escalating treatment. Despite these issues, HFNC oxygen therapy is an innovative and effective modality for the early treatment of adults with respiratory failure with diverse underlying diseases.
Acute Renal Failure in Epidemic Dropsy (1999)

Acute renal failure (ARF) complicating epidemic dropsy is reported in three patients. In this study, ARF resolved in two patients over a period of 4-6 weeks with conservative and dialytic support. One patient died of refractory heart failure. To the best of our knowledge ARF in association with epidemic dropsy has not been reported before in the literature from India.
High linearity 1-ohm RF switches with phase-change materials (2014)

We report GeTe-based phase change material RF switches with on-state resistance of 1 ohm and ultra-low loss and highest linearity amongst PCM RF switches. The lowest on-state resistance is 0.06 Ω·mm, which is about 20 times lower than state-of-the-art FET switches. The PCM RF switches are fabricated for the first time in a lateral FET configuration to reduce parasitics, different from the vertical via switches. With on-state resistance of 1 ohm, RF insertion loss is measured less than 0.2 dB. With P1dB > 2 W, the harmonic powers are suppressed greatly up to 1 W RF power at 700 MHz.
Free and Wilson correlation between the molecular structure of some imidazolines and their corrosion inhibiting properties (1982)

Abstract In deaerated media containing hydrogen sulfide, the inhibition of the corrosion of N 80 steel by a homologous series of imidazolines was measured potentiokinetically. The data obtained were correlated to the structure of these molecules by means of Free and Wilson relationships. These correlations, allowed the behaviour of some derivatives to be predicted successfully.
Modeling and design of admission control mechanisms for web servers using nonlinear control theory (2003)

Web sites are exposed to high rates of incoming requests. Since web sites are sensitive to overload, admission control mechanisms are often implemented. The purpose of such a mechanism is to prevent requests from entering the web server during high loads. This paper presents how admission control mechanisms can be designed and implemented with a combination of queueing theory and control theory. Since web servers behave non-linear and stochastic, queueing theory can be used for web server modelling. However, there are no mathematical tools in queueing theory to use when designing admission control mechanisms. Instead, control theory contains the needed mathematical tools. By analysing queueing systems with control theoretic methods, good admission control mechanisms can be designed for web server systems. In this paper we model an Apache web server as a GI/G/1-system. Then, we use control theory to design a PI-controller, commonly used in automatic control, for the web server. In the paper we describe the design of the controller and also how it can be implemented in a real system. The controller has been implemented and tested together with the Apache web server. The server was placed in a laboratory network together with a traffic generator which was used to represent client requests. Measurements in the laboratory setup show how robust the implemented controller is, and how it correspond to the results from the theoretical analysis.
Anticoagulant Kinetics Following Bolus Injection of Heparin (1979)

Summary Bolus injections of beef-lung heparin at doses of 50, 100 and 200 u/kg body weight were administered to mongrel dogs. Neutralization of the anticoagulant effect was evaluated using sequential samples withdrawn from the animals (in vivo samples) and aliquots from a 100 ml sample withdrawn from the dog at 30 minutes post-injection (in vitro samples). Tests of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) did not indicate the degree of anticoagulation. Tests of the whole blood clotting time (WBCT), celite- activated whole blood clotting time (ACT), and celite-activated thromboelastography (ATEG) indicated pronounced hypocoagulability immediately after the injection, followed by a fairly rapid decay in anticoagulability, and a slight Ziype/coagulability at three to four hours post injection. The results from the in vitro ATEG samples were essentially identical to those on the in vivo samples, whereas the in vitro WBCT and ACT generally indicated higher degrees of anticoagulation. Calculated half-lives of the anticoagulant effect are significantly shorter than previously reported, being 18 to 36 minutes, and slightly dose dependent. The decay of the effects, however, does not appear to follow a single exponential curve, dropping very rapidly immediately post-injection and at a somewhat slower rate 60 or more minutes post-injection.
Creative Writing and Maladjustment (1979)

Creative writing with maladjusted children is often undervalued, writes John Dwyfor Davies, until recently at Warleigh School for maladjusted boys, near Bath, and now lecturer in education at Lady Spencer Churchill College of Education, Oxfordshire
Lung cancer A549 cells migrate directionally in DC electric fields with polarized and activated EGFRs (2008)

Endogenous direct-current electric fields (dcEFs) occur in vivo in the form of epithelial transcellular potentials or neuronal field potentials. A variety of cells respond to dcEFs by migrating directionally, and this is termed galvanotaxis. The mechanism by which dcEFs direct cell movement, however, is not yet understood, and the effects on lung cancer cells are entirely unknown. We demonstrated that cultured human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells migrate toward the cathode in applied dcEFs at 3 V/cm. Fluorescence microscopy showed that both epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) and F-actin are polarized to the cathode. EGFR inhibitors, cetuximab and AG1478, reduced the migration rate and directed motility in dcEFs. Western blots showed that ERK and AKT signaling pathways were prominently promoted by dcEFs. EGFR inhibitors could reduce this promotion but not completely. These data suggest that polarization of EGFRs and the activation of their downstream signals play an important role in the galvanotaxis of A549 cells in dcEFs.
MeshNet: Mesh Neural Network for 3D Shape Representation (2019)

Mesh is an important and powerful type of data for 3D shapes and widely studied in the field of computer vision and computer graphics. Regarding the task of 3D shape representation, there have been extensive research efforts concentrating on how to represent 3D shapes well using volumetric grid, multi-view and point cloud. However, there is little effort on using mesh data in recent years, due to the complexity and irregularity of mesh data. In this paper, we propose a mesh neural network, named MeshNet, to learn 3D shape representation from mesh data. In this method, face-unit and feature splitting are introduced, and a general architecture with available and effective blocks are proposed. In this way, MeshNet is able to solve the complexity and irregularity problem of mesh and conduct 3D shape representation well. We have applied the proposed MeshNet method in the applications of 3D shape classification and retrieval. Experimental results and comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods demonstrate that the proposed MeshNet can achieve satisfying 3D shape classification and retrieval performance, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method on 3D shape representation.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Serum–derived α-Secretase (2018)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disorder that affects cognition. Our previous studies showed that the neuroprotective fragment of amyloid procurer protein (APP) metabolite, soluble APPα (sAPPα), interferes with β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1, β-secretase) cleavage and reduces amyloid-β (Aβ) generation. In an attempt to identify approaches to restore sAPPα levels, we found that human cord blood serum (CBS) significantly promotes sAPPα production compared with adult blood serum (ABS) and aged blood serum (AgBS) in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing wild-type human APP. Interestingly, CBS selectively mediated the α-secretase cleavage of human neuron-specific recombinant APP<sub>695</sub> in a cell-free system independent of tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE; a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 [ADAM17]) and ADAM. Subsequently, using 3-step chromatographic separation techniques (i.e., diethylaminoethanol, size-exclusion, and ion-exchange chromatography), we purified and ultimately identified a CBS-specific fraction with enhanced α-secretase catalytic activity (termed αCBSF) and found that αCBSF has more than 3,000-fold increased α-secretase catalytic activity compared with the original pooled CBS. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular injection of αCBSF markedly increased cerebral sAPPα levels together with significant decreases in cerebral Aβ production and abnormal tau (Thr<sup>231</sup>) phosphorylation compared with the AgBS fraction with enhanced α-secretase activity (AgBSF) treatment in triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease (3xTg-AD) mice. Moreover, AgBSF administered intraperitoneally to transgenic mice with five familial Alzheimer's disease mutations (5XFAD) via an osmotic mini pump for 6 weeks (wk) ameliorated β-amyloid plaques and reversed cognitive impairment measures. Together, our results propose the necessity for further study aimed at identification and characterization of α-secretase in CBS for novel and effective AD therapy.
Ring type permalloy detector for bubble domains (1972)

This paper describes a ring shape Permalloy magnetoresistive detector for magnetic bubble domains. The advantages over a rectangular detector are a large increase in signal, low noise generated by a rotating field, and no critical limitation of detector location. The optimal design of the ring Permalloy detector was obtained from the calculated distributions of bubble domain stray fields. Typical geometry of the detector is as follows: Permalloy film thickness = 300 Å, width of sensor = 15 μm, and inner diameter of the ring = 100 μm. The resistance of the detector is 600 Ω. This detector yielded 12 mV output signals for a 100μm diameter bubble domain when the rotating in-plane field was 22 Oe and the input current was 5.5 mA.
A monoclonal antibody to the embryonic myosin heavy chain of rat skeletal muscle. (1984)

A monoclonal antibody, 2B6, has been prepared against the embryonic myosin heavy chain of rat skeletal muscle. On solid phase radioimmunoassay, 2B6 shows specificity to myosin isozymes known to contain the embryonic myosin heavy chain and on immunoblots of denatured contractile proteins and on competitive radioimmunoassay, it reacts only with the myosin heavy chain of embryonic myosin and not with the myosin heavy chain of neonatal or adult fast and slow myosin isozymes or with other contractile or noncontractile proteins. This specificity is maintained with cat, dog, guinea pig, and human myosins, but not with chicken myosins. 2B6 was used to define which isozymes in the developing animal contained the embryonic myosin heavy chain and to characterize the changes in embryonic myosin heavy chain in fast versus slow muscles during development. Finally, 2B6 was used to demonstrate that thyroid hormone hastens the disappearance of embryonic myosin heavy chain during development, while hypothyroidism retards its decrease. This confirmed our previous conclusion that thyroid hormones orchestrate changes in isozymes during development.
The Effect of Sample Storage on Total Cholesterol and Hdl-cholesterol Assays (2009)

The result of sample analysis is said to be as good as the sample collection and preparation. Without adequate sample handling, accuracy and precision of sample analysis will be greatly affected. The effect of sample storage temperature and length of storage time on serum total cholesterol (TC) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) assays was studied using twenty different samples, pooled into three. Each pool was split into three and stored at different temperatures- room temperature (16 - 25 °C), refrigerator (4 °C) and freezer temperature (-20 °C), for 6, 30 ad 51 days respectively. The observations from the results obtained using day zero as control showed that the TC concen tration in the samples stored at room temperature increased with the length of storage time. However, these increases were not statistically significant (P>0.05), for the duration of the study. HDL-C concentration was found to be significantly increased (p=0.0211 and 0.0117) from day 2 and 10, at room and refrigerator temp eratures respe ctively. Ho wever, there w as no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the samples stored at freezer temperature in both TC and HDL-C concentrations. Except for the TC concentration in the sample stored at freezer temperature, the samples showed a significant correlation at room, refrigerator and freezer te mperatures respec tively with the durat ion of s torage. From this study, it can be concluded that the concentrations of TC and HDL-C in stored samples are both time and temperature dependent. Also, the concentr ation is mostl y affect ed at room temperature and least af fected at freezer temperature. Hence, i f s amples f or TC and HDL- C a ssays are to b e stored , freeze r temp erature is highly preferred.