gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Testicular Steroidogenesis in the Aging Brown Norway Rat (1993)

In seeking an animal model of age-associated changes in the male reproductive tract, we examined the effects of age on the health and testicular steroidogenic activity of the Brown Norway rat, with comparisons made to the Sprague-Dawley rat. When perfused in vitro under conditions of maximally stimulating luteinizing hormone significant age-associated reductions were seen in testosterone production by testes of Sprague-Dawley rats of 21-24 months of age and by testes of Brown Norway rats of 18-30 months of age. Decreases in the capacity of the testes to produce testosterone were reflected in age-associated decreases in both serum testosterone and in testosterone concentration within the seminiferous tubule fluid. In contrast to the Sprague-Dawley rat, changes in steroidogenic activity in the Brown Norway rat were not accompanied by the occurrence of pituitary adenomas, obesity, or testicular tumors. This along with its longevity, make the Brown Norway strain a highly promising model for testicular aging.
TENEX, a paged time sharing system for the PDP - 10 (1972)

TENEX is a new time sharing system implemented on a DEC PDP-10 augmented by special paging hardware developed at BBN. This report specifies a set of goals which are important for any time sharing system. It describes how the TENEX design and implementation achieve these goals. These include specifications for a powerful multiprocess large memory virtual machine, intimate terminal interaction, comprehensive uniform file and I/O capabilities, and clean flexible system structure. Although the implementation described here required some compromise to achieve a system operational within six months of hardware checkout, TENEX has met its major goals and provided reliable service at several sites and through the ARPA network.
Polymer organogelation with chitin and chitin nanocrystals (2015)

In this paper, we show that biodegradable and biocompatible organogels can be formed with chitin as the filler material and triglycerides as the continuous hydrophobic phase.
Biocompatible Micropatterning of Two Different Cell Types (2005)

The spatial arrangement of individual cell types can now be routinely controlled using soft-lithography-based micropatterning of complementary cell-adhesive and cell-resistant patterns. However, the application of these tools in tissue engineering to recreate tissue complexity in vitro has been hampered by the challenge of finding noncytotoxic procedures for converting complementary cell-resistant regions that define the arrangement of the first cell type into cell-adhesive regions to allow for the attachment of other cell types. A polyelectrolyte assembly approach is presented here for the first time, which allows for this noncytotoxic conversion and, thus, micropatterning of two different cell types, for example, endothelial cells and fibroblasts, on biodegradable substrates. The flexibility of this approach is further demonstrated by inducing organized capillary formation by endothelial cells on micropatterned lines followed by subsequent assembly of fibroblasts.
Gandhian Philosophy and Literature: A Citation Study of Gandhi Marg (2015)

Gandhian Studies is at the brink of becoming as an established discipline. On the basis of a pilot study conducted, the journal "Gandhi Marg" was considered as a primary source in this field. Thus, a citation study of journal "Gandhi Marg" for the period of 1994 to 2013 has been conducted in order to understand the development and distinctiveness of the discipline i.e. Gandhian Study. For this purpose every issue of the journal “Gandhi Marg" has been examined for the period of 1994-2013 and all necessary information, related to references/citations appended were collected and tabulated in the Excel database. The study revealed many important indicators pertaining to Gandhian literature relating to the citation behavior. The results of the study revealed that out of 507 articles, 56 articles were found without citations or references. So, the remaining 451 articles have contributed to 9612 citations with average citations 21.31 per article. Almost all the bibliographic document types were referred by the authors. Like most of the social disciplines, the citations were scattered among books, which have been the contributing factors mainly in the development of the subject. The citing literature ‘half-life’ indicates the dominance of current citations/literature which is good for any discipline. Further, present work helps to compare with the established disciplines and also perceives the practical utility for library professionals and Gandhian Admires/followers/scholars.
A systematic comparison of contact angle methods (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA systematic comparison of contact angle methodsLorraine M. Lander, Lisa M. Siewierski, William J. Brittain, and Erwin A. VoglerCite this: Langmuir 1993, 9, 8, 2237–2239Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00032a055https://doi.org/10.1021/la00032a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2690Altmetric-Citations198LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha(RAR alpha) plays a major role in retinoid-mediated inhibition of growth in human breast carcinoma cells. (1996)

Retinoids mediate their actions via retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). Each of class of these nuclear retinoid receptor is further subdivided into three species namely alpha, beta and gamma. Recently studies demonstrated that estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer (HBC) cell lines are sensitive and ER-negative cell lines are resistant to growth inhibitory effects of retinoic acid (RA). In this study, we found that only RAR alpha mRNA levels was strongly correlated with ER-status. To further investigate the major role of RAR alpha in retinoid-mediated inhibition of growth, we transfected RAR alpha cDNA into two RA-resistant ER-negative HBC cell lines. Analysis of different clonal populations of RAR alpha transfectants from each cell line revealed growth inhibition by retinoids. Our results demonstrated that RAR alpha plays a major role in mediating retinoids inhibition of growth in HBC cells and adequate levels of RAR alpha are required for such an effect.
New syntheses of pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine, pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyridazine, isoindolinedione and pyrazole derivatives (1989)

Abstract Phenacylmalononitriles 2 react with hydrazines, acetic‐hydrochloric acid and with diazotised primary aromatic amines to afford phenacylpyrazole ( 5a,b ), aminofurans ( 6a,b ) and aminopyrazole derivatives ( 3a,d ) respectively. The synthesised derivatives ( 3d, 6a ) were the key materials for the synthesis of isoindolinedione, ( 7a – c ) pyrazolopyrimidine ( 9, 10 ), and pyrazolopyridazine derivatives ( 11 ). The structures of the newly synthesised heterocycles were established on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data besides synthesis via other routes.
LED식 신호등의 열피로 수명의 예측법 (2006)

In this paper we investigated the method of examining the accelerated life test on LED traffic signal module by the temperature. The longevity presumption of the LED type signal light by a general heat cycle test used and executed cycle when it was done to longevity by the heat cycle test number and the acceleration factor of a real system requirements of this heat cycle test. Therefore, it reports on the introduction of the acceleration type from which the LED traffic signal module is done here to clarify the above-mentioned acceleration factor with the object and the acceleration factor is requested the test atmosphere actually in the system requirements.
Camelot: a flexible, distributed transaction processing system (1988)

The Camelot Project has constructed a distributed transaction facility intended to support widespread use of transaction processing techniques. Camelot executes on a variety of uni- and multiprocessors on top of the Unix-compatible, Mach operating system. The authors describe the design decisions that make Camelot a flexible, easy-to-use system and briefly describe Camelot's programming interfaces and algorithms. They discuss two applications of Camelot: an implementation of distributed ET-1 and a graphical room reservation system that uses the X Window Manager.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
"Nature versus nurture" and incompletely penetrant mutations (2002)

Lessons from twin studies of parkinson's disease

The debate over the relative roles of “nature versus nurture” remains unresolved in many fields of study, from childhood education to animal behaviour or neurodegenerative disorders. Points of view frequently are polarised, either nature or nurture, rather then exploring the ways in which both sides play critical and complementary roles. Proponents of “nature” argue that human attributes are uniquely and primarily conditioned by genetics, opposing the view of those who think that environmental influences and experience determine individual differences. Arguments similar to those brought to bear regarding acquisition of skills, language, or cognitive styles also apply to human pathology. Often, in the discussion of disease the terms used are “genetic” versus “environmental”, but the implication is the same as in the “nature” versus “nurture” debate. Disorders considered to be primarily genetic are ones in which the presence or absence of genetic mutations is the primary determinant of disease, independent of environmental circumstances. A disease considered to be primarily environmental is one in which people of virtually any genetic background can develop the disease provided that they are exposed to the necessary environmental factor or factors. However, for many disorders, the risk is strongly influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.1, 2 For example, a susceptibility gene may strongly influence the risk of developing a disease only in response to a specific environmental exposure. If the environmental exposure occurs infrequently, the gene will be of low penetrance, and it may seem that the environmental exposure is the primary determinant of the disease, even though the gene is required for developing the disease. Therefore, even when environmental agents are suspected to be a major cause of a particular disease, this does not exclude the possibility that genetic factors also play a major part, particularly …
State propagation-based monitoring of business transactions (2012)

Business analysts want to monitor the status of their business goals in a business-centric manner, without any knowledge of the actual implementation artifacts that contribute to achieve these goals. Business transactions are one means to represent business goals and requirements. A business transaction is typically implemented by a choreography of different parties contributing to the accomplishment of a common agreement. To meet the constantly changing requirements for all parties in a business transaction choreographies often have to be adapted (e.g. based on the capabilities of different execution environments). The resulting challenge is that the execution state of a choreography executed on several locations has to be propagated to the business analyst to enable monitoring of the (adapted) business transaction. For this purpose we introduce a meta-model and state model of business transactions. Based on these models, we introduce a two-stage monitoring approach involving state propagation of the execution status of the adapted choreography to the original choreography and from there to the business transaction.
Platinum Drug Distribution in Cancer Cells and Tumors (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTPlatinum Drug Distribution in Cancer Cells and TumorsAlice V. Klein and Trevor W. Hambley*View Author Information School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: 61-2-9351-2830. Fax: 61-2-9351-3329.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 10, 4911–4920Publication Date (Web):August 28, 2009Publication History Received19 March 2009Published online28 August 2009Published inissue 14 October 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9001066https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9001066review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7146Altmetric-Citations302LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antineoplastic agents,Cells,Fluorescence,Platinum,Tumors Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Acrylic Acid-Itaconic Acid Copolymer in Aqueous Solution and Its Application in Ceramic Slurry (2014)

Acrylic acid-itaconic acid copolymers were synthesized in water. Ammonium persulfate was used as initiator and sodium hypophosphite as chain transfer agent. The influence of different reaction conditions on the clay slurry viscosity was investigated. The optimal conditions were shown as follows:the temperature was 80 ℃,0. 8% ammonium persulfate by the mass of monomer,9% sodium hypophosphite,and 0. 9% initiator. The structure of copolymer was characterized by means of FTIR.The viscosity and bending strength of the slurry and the microstructure of the fracture surface were also studied. The results show that when 0. 25% copolymer was added,the viscosity of the clay slurry was reduced from 1 998 mPa·s to 690 mPa·s and the bending strength was increased from 1. 96 MPa to2. 88 MPa.
Terahertz multilevel phase Fresnel lenses fabricated by laser patterning of silicon (2017)

Multilevel phase Fresnel lenses (MPFLs) with a high numerical aperture for 0.58 THz frequencies were developed. The components based on a monocrystalline silicon wafer are prepared by patterning by a high-speed industrial-scale laser direct writing (LDW) system. Two consistent series of the terahertz-MPFLs with phase quantization levels varying between 2 and the continuous kinoform shape for the focal lengths of 5 and 10 mm were produced employing inherent flexibility of the LDW fabrication process. The focusing performance was studied at the optimal 0.58 THz frequency using a Gaussian beam profile and scanning 2D intensity distribution with a terahertz detector along the optical axis. The efficiency of the terahertz-MPFL was found to be dependent of the number of subzones. The position and orientation angles of the patterned plane of the silicon wafer were considered to reduce the effect of standing waves formation in the experiment.
Calibration of Gravitational Radiation Antenna by Dynamic Newton Field (1981)

A method of calibrating antennas for gravitational radiation is presented. The method uses the dynamic Newton field of a rotating body and is suitable in experiments for frequencies up to several hundred hertz.
Preparation of a series of substituted fluoromethylnaphthalenes (1981)

A series of 22 3- and 4-substituted 1-fluoromethylnaphthalenes have been synthesized. Details of practical procedures for the preparation of all intermediates are described, and physical properties for all of the substituted naphthalenes synthesized, and spectral parameters for 51 previously unknown compounds, are given.
A U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle with altered specificity induces alternative splicing of an adenovirus E1A mRNA precursor. (1989)

We have altered the specificity of U1 small nuclear RNA by replacing its 5' splice site recognition sequence (nucleotides 3 to 11) with sequences complementary to other regions of either the adenovirus E1A or the rabbit beta-globin mRNA precursor. We then used a HeLa cell transient expression assay to test whether such altered U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) could interfere with splicing of the targeted mRNA precursors. The altered U1 snRNPs were able to cause novel splicing of the E1A mRNA precursor, minor changes in the ratio of E1A 12 to 13S mRNAs, and modest nuclear accumulation of beta-globin mRNA precursors with either one of the two introns removed. Most of the altered U1 snRNPs did not affect the level of mature cytoplasmic mRNA significantly, but in one case an altered U1 snRNP (alpha 1) whose intended target was located downstream from the adenovirus E1A 12S 5' splice site was able to reduce the level of cytoplasmic 12S mRNA by approximately 60% and that of 13S mRNA by 90%. This alpha 1 snRNP induced an additional E1A splice, resulting in the appearance of 10 and 11S E1A mRNAs normally found only late in adenovirus infection. Thus, a trans-acting factor can induce alternative splicing. Surprisingly, the effects of alpha 1 on E1A splicing were not abolished by deleting the intended target sequence on the mRNA precursor.
Infant mortality statistics from the 2002 period: linked birth/infant death data set. (2004)

The U.S. infant mortality rate increased from 6.8 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2001 to 7.0 in 2002. The rate for infants of non-Hispanic white mothers was 5.7 in 2001 compared with 5.8 in 2002. The rate for infants of non-Hispanic black mothers was 13.5 in 2001 compared with 13.9 in 2002. Neither of the changes for non-Hispanic white nor non-Hispanic black was significant. Between 2001 and 2002, overall cause-specific rates increased 5 percent for low birthweight and 14 percent for maternal complications. The rate rose significantly for infants of mothers who smoked, 10.5 to 11.1. It also increased significantly from 10.7 to 11.5 for infants of mothers aged 15-17 years. The rate dropped significantly for triplet births, 71.4 to 60.1. Infant mortality rates ranged from 3.0 per 1000 live births for Chinese mothers to 13.9 for non-Hispanic black mothers. Among Hispanics, rates ranged from 3.7 for Cuban mothers to 8.2 for Puerto Rican mothers. Infant mortality rates were higher for those infants whose mothers were born in the 50 States and the District of Columbia, were unmarried, or smoked during pregnancy. Infant mortality was also higher for male infants, multiple births, and infants born preterm or at low birthweight. The three leading causes of infant death-Congenital malformations, low birthweight, and Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)-taken together accounted for 45 percent of all infant deaths. For infants of non-Hispanic black mothers, the cause-specific infant mortality rate for low birthweight was nearly four times that for infants of non-Hispanic white mothers. For infants of non-Hispanic black and American Indian mothers, the SIDS rates were at least double the rate for non-Hispanic white mothers. A more intensive analysis of the rise in the infant mortality rate utilizing information on maternal and infant health risk factors available in the linked birth/infant death and fetal death data files is forthcoming.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF HYDROGENATED HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS MADE OF α‐METHYLENE‐1,5‐DIKETONES. 5. SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF PRODUCTS S OF THE ADDITION OF HYDRAZINES TO 2,4‐DIBENZOYL‐3‐PHENYL‐1,4‐PENTADIENE (1981)

Abstract Das Dibenzoyl‐pentadien (I) reagiert mit Phenylhydrazin und 1,1 ‐Dimethylhydrazin (II) unter Bildung der N‐Aminopiperidine (III).
Enantio- and diastereoselective addition of cyclohexylMeldrum's acid to β- and α,β-disubstituted nitroalkenesvia N-sulfinyl urea catalysis (2011)

Using N-sulfinyl urea catalysis, a method has been developed for the asymmetric synthesis of biologically important γ-amino acids with a high level of efficiency, practicality and unprecedented control of multiple stereocenters. This method is based upon the highly enantio- and diastereoselective addition of cyclohexyl Meldrum's acid as an easily deprotectable monocarboxylic acid equivalent. The addition to both β-substituted and α,β-disubstituted nitroalkenes using N-sulfinyl urea organocatalyst 8 is described. The utility of this new method toward drug production is demonstrated by the mole scale preparation of a key precursor to the commercial drug Lyrica using catalyst 8 at only 0.2 mol% loading. Moreover, α,β-disubstituted nitroalkene addition products were efficiently converted to γ-amino acid derivatives without epimerization of either stereocenter.
Nanoimprint lithography using hydrogen silsequioxane(HSQ) mold (2004)

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL), in which resist patterns are fabricated by deforming the physical shape of the resist by embossing with a mold, is very useful technique to make nanostructure devices with low cost and high throughout.
XPLN, a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor for RhoA and RhoB, But Not RhoC (2002)

Rho proteins cycle between an inactive, GDP-bound state and an active, GTP-bound state. Activation of these GTPases is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which promote GDP to GTP exchange. In this study we have characterized XPLN, a Rho family GEF. Like other Rho GEFs, XPLN contains a tandem Dbl homology and pleckstrin homology domain topography, but lacks homology with other known functional domains or motifs. XPLN protein is expressed in the brain, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, platelets, and macrophage and neuronal cell lines. In vitro, XPLN stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, RhoG, Rac1, or Cdc42. Consistent with these data, XPLN preferentially associates with RhoA and RhoB. The specificity of XPLN for RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, is surprising given that they share over 85% sequence identity. We determined that the inability of XPLN to exchange RhoC is mediated by isoleucine 43 in RhoC, a position occupied by valine in RhoA and RhoB. When expressed in cells, XPLN activates RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC, and stimulates the assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in a Rho kinase-dependent manner. We also found that XPLN possesses transforming activity, as determined by focus formation assays. In conclusion, here we describe a Rho family GEF that can discriminate between the closely related RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC, possibly giving insight to the divergent functions of these three proteins.