gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical properties and gel electrophoresis behavior of R12-derived plasmid DNAs (1977)

A series of closed circular (I) plasmid DNAs has been derived from drug resistance factor R12, and the nicked circular (II) and linear (III) derivatives of these molecules prepared by irradiation in the presence of ethidium bromide and by treatment with restriction enzyme EcoRI, respectively. These DNAs encompass the molecular weight range 3.6 to 61 megadaltons. The base compositions range from 45% to 51% (GC) as estimated by buoyant density determinations. The smaller plasmids are significantly less supercoiled (9-10%) than are the larger (12-13%). The gel electrophoretic behavior of the three DNA structural forms was determined as a function of molecular weight in agarose gels of concentrations ranging from 0.7% to 1.6% and at electrophoresis salt concentrations from 0.02 M to 0.08 M sodium acetate. The mobilities of DNAs I and III undergo a reversal relative to each other at a molecular weight which decreases with increasing agarose gel concentration. The molecular weight at which DNA II fails to enter a gel depends upon the ionic strength during electrophoresis but not upon the gel concentration.
Cable Robot Performance Evaluation by Wrench Exertion Capability (2018)

Although cable driven robots are a type of parallel manipulators, the evaluation of their performances cannot be carried out using the performance indices already developed for parallel robots with rigid links. This is an obvious consequence of the peculiar features of flexible cables—a cable can only exert a tensile and limited force in the direction of the cable itself. A comprehensive performance evaluation can certainly be attained by computing the maximum force (or torque) that can be exerted by the cables on the moving platform along a specific (or any) direction within the whole workspace. This is the idea behind the index—called the Wrench Exertion Capability (WEC)—which can be employed to evaluate the performance of any cable robot topology and is characterized by an efficient and simple formulation based on linear programming. By significantly improving a preliminary computation method for the WEC, this paper proposes an ultimate formulation suitable for any cable robot topology. Several numerical investigations on planar and spatial cable robots are presented to give evidence of the WEC usefulness, comparisons with popular performance indices are also provided.
Integrated power management for video streaming to mobile handheld devices (2003)

Optimizing user experience for streaming video applications on handheld devices is a significant research challenge. In this paper, we propose an integrated power management approach that unifies low level architectural optimizations (CPU, memory, register), OS power-saving mechanisms (Dynamic Voltage Scaling) and adaptive middleware techniques (admission control, optimal transcoding, network traffic regulation). Specifically, we identify interaction parameters between the different levels and optimize them to significantly reduce power consumption. With knowledge of device configurations, dynamic device parameters and changing system conditions, the middleware layer selects an appropriate video quality and fine tunes the architecture for optimized delivery of video. Our performance results indicate that architectural optimizations that are cognizant of user level parameters(e.g. transcoded video quality) can provide energy gains as high as 57.5% for the CPU and memory. Middleware adaptations to changing network noise levels can save as much as 70% of energy consumed by the wireless network interface. Furthermore, we demonstrate how such an integrated framework, that supports tight coupling of inter-level parameters can enhance user experience on a handheld substantially.
Development of Microsatellite Markers for Leptobotia elongata (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) Using 454 Sequencing and Cross-species Amplification (2014)

Thirty microsatellite markers were developed from Leptobotia elongata through 454 sequencing and 27 were polymorphic among 24 individuals, with an average of 9.67 alleles per locus, and the mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.81 and 0.79, respectively. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.416 to 0.933. In addition, cross-species amplification was tested for all 30 loci in four other loaches of Cobitidae (Leptobotia microphthalma, Botia superciliaris), and Nemacheilidae (Oreias dabryi, Triplophysa stenura). The results showed a significant high level of transferability (63%-97%), which means the possibility of these markers applying to other related species. The microsatellite loci described here would be useful in conservation of L. elongata and possibly some other species.
Cholesterol uptake by human glioma cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis of low-density lipoprotein (1990)

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a carrier of the cholesterol found in human plasma. Cells utilize cholesterol for membrane synthesis by taking up LDL via receptor-mediated endocytosis. In the present study, interactions of LDL with human malignant glioma cell lines (U-251 MG and KMG-5) were investigated biochemically and morphologically. The LDL, labeled with the fluorescent dyes 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine (DiI) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), was internalized by both cell processes and cell bodies. Reductive methylation of DiI-labeled LDL, which abolishes the ability of the cell to bind to the LDL receptor, prevented the internalization of the cholesterol moiety of LDL. Cellular binding of 125I-LDL to U-251 MG cells at 4 degrees C revealed the presence of a specific saturable-associated receptor (dissociation constant (Kd) approximately 38 micrograms/ml). Endocytic uptake of 125I-LDL or 3H-cholesterol oleate-labeled LDL (3H-LDL) at 37 degrees C demonstrated the cell-associated 125I-LDL and 3H-LDL increase. The intracellular degradation of protein moiety increased linearly with time. Reductive methylation of 3H-LDL led to a remarkable decrease in the cell-associated cholesterol moiety of LDL. The difference in uptake of the cholesterol moiety of LDL between U-251MG cells and KMG-5 cells showed that the U-251MG cells, which proliferate more actively than KMG-5 cells, take up more of the cholesterol moiety of LDL than do the KMG-5 cells. Thus, LDL cholesterol seems to be endocytosed predominantly via the LDL receptor present on the plasma membrane of malignant glioma cells. In addition, for growth, these cells may require large amounts of the cholesterol moiety of LDL.
Cloning and Characterization of the Genes Encoding Enzymes for the Protocatechuate<i>Meta</i>-degradation Pathway of<i>Pseudomonas ochraceae</i>NGJ1 (2004)

The 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate lactonase gene (proL), the protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase alpha and beta subunits genes (proOa and proOb), and the 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene (proD) were cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Pseudomonas ochraceae NGJ1. These genes were in the order proLOaObD on the DNA, and a possible transcription terminator sequence followed. The proL and proD genes were over-expressed in Escherichia coli, and their gene products were purified for identification, while the expression of proOaOb was at a lower level. The protocatechuate meta-degradation operon was reconstituted with the recombinant plasmids and expressed successfully in E. coli.
Polymorphic effect systems (1988)

We present a new approach to programming languages for parallel computers that uses an effect system to discover expression scheduling constraints. This effect system is part of a 'kinded' type system with three base kinds: types, which describe the value that an expression may return; effects, which describe the side-effects that an expression may have; and regions, which describe the area of the store in which side-effects may occur. Types, effects and regions are collectively called descriptions.
Vector modulation off split-contact DFB lasers (1991)

Multisection DFB lasers are currently of interest both for coherent FSK systems, which require a wide electrical tuning range and a large flat FM response, and for high bit rate direct detection systems which require wide bandwidth, low chirp AM response. In this paper we report a method of assessing and displaying the FM and AM response of two and three section lasers when the modulating signal is applied in different proportions to all the sections. With such ‘vector’ modulation, an improvement in the magnitude of the FM response could be obtained, together with a decrease in the residual AM. As expected, the FM response of these devices under vector modulation did not reflect their static tuning contours.
A Comparison of Deep-Heating Electrode Concepts for Hyperthermia (1985)

There is mounting evidence that localized hyperthermia produced by electromagnetic waves may be useful in the treatment of cancer, and many innovative devices have been designed for this purpose. Most applicators employed for deep heating operate in the frequency region of 10-100MHz to provide greatest depth of penetration. Two basic categories of launching devices exist: E-field and H-field. The E-field applicators include conductive plates and fringing field devices; either may be used individually or in a multiple feed system. The H-field applicators include cylindrical and planar devices configured to produce specific heating patterns. We have analyzed and compared the performance of each of these devices, particularly in terms of engineering principles, design characteristics and their ability to transfer potentially therapeutic energy safely and at depth.
The Phenotypic Consequences of <i>CFTR</i> Mutations (2003)

Cystic fibrosis is a common autosomal recessive disorder that primarily affects the epithelial cells in the intestine, respiratory system, pancreas, gall bladder and sweat glands. Over one thousand mutations have currently been identified in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene that are associated with CF disease. There have been many studies on the correlation of the CFTR genotype and CF disease phenotype; however, this relationship is still not well understood. A connection between CFTR genotype and disease manifested in the pancreas has been well described, but pulmonary disease appears to be highly variable even between individuals with the same genotype. This review describes the current classification of CFTR mutation classes and resulting CF disease phenotypes. Complex disease alleles and modifier genes are discussed along with alternative disorders, such as disseminated bronchiectasis and pancreatitis, which are also thought to result from CFTR mutations.
Research Priorities in ET: Evolving Methods (1988)

ABSTRACT EVAPOTRANSPIRATION methods develop and change with understanding of current ET approach limitations. The evolving methods include: the combination method with a canopy resistance term, the surface energy balance allowing incorporation of remotely sensed data, eddy correlation providing independent latent and sensible heat flux measurement, and refinement of the soil water balance models incorporating physical principles. Evolving methods seek to estimate actual evapotranspiration rather than potential or reference evapotranspiration. The advances in computer technology and instrumentation allow for more detailed measurement of the energy fluxes at the earth's surface and more accurate measurement of ET
Mast Cell Activation in Sterile Bladder and Prostate Inflammation (1990)

Sterile inflammation of the bladder has often been associated with interstitial cystitis (IC), a urologic condition of unknown etiology, predominantly affecting young and middle-aged females, for which no effective therapy is known. Recent reports have indicated that IC is associated with an increased number of bladder mast cells. Here we report the case of a middle-aged man with chronic sterile hematuria, dysuria and lower abdominal pain associated with a high number of bladder and prostate mast cells. Following therapeutic transurethral resection of the trigone area, bladder neck and prostate, samples of bladder and prostate were examined with light and electron microscopy and contained many mast cells (about 150 cells/mm2) which were not degranulated. Nevertheless, mast cells contained many altered granules and urinary levels of histamine were elevated, implying secretion without exocytosis. These findings are discussed in the context of the pathophysiology of IC and possible therapeutic interventions.
Dynamically scheduling VLIW instructions with dependency information (2003)

The paper proposes balancing scheduling effort more evenly between the compiler and the processor, by introducing dynamically scheduled Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) instructions. Dynamically Instruction Scheduled VLIW (DISVLIW) processor is aimed specifically at dynamic scheduling VLIW instructions with dependency information. The DISVLIW processor dynamically schedules each instruction within long instructions using functional unit and dynamic scheduler pairs. Every dynamic scheduler dynamically checks for data dependencies and resource collisions while scheduling each instruction. This scheduling is especially effective in applications containing loops. We simulate the architecture and show that the DISVLIW processor performs significantly better than the VLIW processor for a wide range of cache sizes and across various numerical benchmark applications.
Consequences and Relevance of Drillstring Vibration on Wellbore Stability (1999)

Consequences and Relevance of Drillstring Vibration on Wellbore Stability Helio Santos; Helio Santos Petrobras Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar J.C.R. Placido; J.C.R. Placido Petrobras Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Claudio Wolter Claudio Wolter Petrobras Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE/IADC Drilling Conference, Amsterdam, Netherlands, March 1999. Paper Number: SPE-52820-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/52820-MS Published: March 09 1999 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Santos, Helio, Placido, J.C.R., and Claudio Wolter. "Consequences and Relevance of Drillstring Vibration on Wellbore Stability." Paper presented at the SPE/IADC Drilling Conference, Amsterdam, Netherlands, March 1999. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/52820-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference held in Amsterdam, Holland, 9-11 March 1999. Keywords: interaction, diameter, correlation, upstream oil & gas, wellbore instability, vibration measurement, wellbore design, enlargement, wellbore stability, spe iadc 52820 Subjects: Wellbore Design, Drillstring Design, Drilling Operations, Wellbore integrity This content is only available via PDF. 1999. SPE/IADC Drilling Conference You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
Recent Developments in Cable Technology (1986)

Attention is drawn to a number of recent developments in cable technology which are considered to constitute significant advances during recent years. These include: the Conform continuous casting process for copper rod and wire production; the crosslinking of polymeric cable insulation by radiation processing and by the silane grafting technique; the improvement of the reaction-to-fire properties of polymeric insulated cables and the design and construction of optical fibre cables. A novel installation technique used during the laying of the cross-channel submarine power cables is also described.
Radio-frequency-excited carbon dioxide metal waveguide laser (1983)

A new type of waveguide laser is described in which a single-surface concave metal waveguide also doubles as the grounded electrode in a radio-frequency-excited gaseous discharge. The laser’s output modes and spectrum have been studied theoretically and experimentally for cw CO2 operation of the laser. Overall operating efficiency and mode stability are comparable with those of conventional dielectric waveguide CO2 lasers, and advantages of the metal waveguide laser include convection cooling, intracavity mode control, and partial self-alignment.
Simplified and efficient labeling of human platelets in plasma using indium-111-2-mercaptopyridine-N-oxide: preparation and evaluation. (1985)

The need for a gamma-emitting radioactive agent that will label platelets in plasma efficiently by a procedure that can be used uniformly in each laboratory is well recognized. A water soluble sodium salt of 2-Mercaptopyridine-N-oxide (Merc) was evaluated that quantitatively chelated 111ln at a pH range of 0.7 to 7.4, and allowed greater than 80% incorporation of 111ln in platelets in plasma. This was dependent on pH, Merc concentration, and platelet concentration. Platelets were labeled using either preformed [111ln]Merc or incubating platelets with 2.5 micrograms dry Merc first and then with 111ln. The latter method provided a simple kit procedure that labeled platelets with negligible alteration of in vitro aggregability. In dogs, labeled platelets had normal survival (7.5 days), 66 +/- 6.6% recovery, detected vascular thrombi (thrombi/blood = 59.4), and pulmonary emboli (PE/blood = 46.2) by scintigraphy. In the kit procedure, the use of Merc compared favorably to that of oxine and tropolone.
Provable Robustness of ReLU networks via Maximization of Linear Regions (2018)

It has been shown that neural network classifiers are not robust. This raises concerns about their usage in safety-critical systems. We propose in this paper a regularization scheme for ReLU networks which provably improves the robustness of the classifier by maximizing the linear regions of the classifier as well as the distance to the decision boundary. Our techniques allow even to find the minimal adversarial perturbation for a fraction of test points for large networks. In the experiments we show that our approach improves upon adversarial training both in terms of lower and upper bounds on the robustness and is comparable or better than the state-of-the-art in terms of test error and robustness.
The persufflator: an insufflation device for laparoscopy and especially for CO2-laser-endoscopic surgery* (1991)

A new insufflation device for laparoscopic surgery has been developed which permits the persufflation of the abdominal cavity with humidified CO2 at 37 degrees C, with flow rates of 4 l/min/mm of mercury (3 l/min/cm of water) insufflation pressure, i.e. 60 l/min for an insufflation pressure of 15 mm of mercury (20 cm of water). The device consists essentially of an operative laparoscope with a large side opening of 7 mm internal diameter, and a pressure valve limiting the insufflation pressure. The device is safe, since the intraabdominal pressure can never exceed the insufflation pressure. The device has been extensively tested in greater than 500 CO2-laser-endoscopic procedures and has proven to be safe and useful. Smoke can be constantly removed and the pneumoperitoneum is unaffected even by the removal or leakage of large volumes of CO2 from the pneumoperitoneum.
Cellular Responses to Ionizing Radiation: Effects of Interrupting DNA Repair with Chemical Agents (1987)

This review is concerned with the influence of different classes of chemical agents on cellular repair of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation. Single-strand break rejoining is little affected by inhibitors of DNA synthesis; however, such inhibitors do lead to a persistence of double-strand breaks in the DNA, and this correlates with an enhancement of chromosome aberrations and cell killing. Experiments with antagonists of topoisomerase II suggest an intriguing role for this DNA unwinding enzyme in double-strand break repair. Interference with poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis, by means of the inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide, does not have a clear-cut effect on recovery from ionizing radiation damage. Various substances (for example, caffeine and trypsin) affect DNA repair via a modulation of the cell cycle, altering the time available to the cell for repairing potentially lethal DNA damage before such damage is 'fixed' by the process of DNA replication. Finally, disturbing cellular energy metabolism, and depressing the level of ATP, can inhibit the repair of radiation damage.
A survey of medical image classification techniques (2016)

Medical informatics is the study that combines two medical data sources: biomedical record and imaging data. Medical image data is formed by pixels that correspond to a part of a physical object and produced by imaging modalities. Exploration of medical image data methods is a challenge in the sense of getting their insight value, analyzing and diagnosing of a specific disease. Image classification plays an important role in computer-aided-diagnosis and is a big challenge on image analysis tasks. This challenge related to the usage of methods and techniques in exploiting image processing result, pattern recognition result and classification methods and subsequently validating the image classification result into medical expert knowledge. The main objective of medical images classification is not only to reach high accuracy but also to identify which parts of human body are infected by the disease. This paper reviewed the state-of-the-art of image classification techniques to diagnose human body disease. The review covered identification of medical image classification techniques, image modalities used, the dataset and trade off for each technique. At the end, the reviews showed the improvement of image classification techniques such as to increase accuracy and sensitivity value and to be feasible employed for computer-aided-diagnosis are a big challenge and an open research.
On the relationship between developing political civilization and social progress (2003)

As a necessary requirement of social development, political civilization is an key indicator of social civilization. In general, social advancement manifests itself in the harmonious development of material, ethic and spiritual civilization. An essential part of promoting socialist civilization is to unceasingly strengthen socialist democracy. What forms the most important and difficult in promoting socialist democracy are firstly the control over power and secondly people's participation in politics. Development of democratic participation should be based on system construction while the critical element of system construction lies in innovation.
Selection from alphabetic and numeric menu trees using a touch screen (1985)

Goal items were selected by a series of touch-menu choices among sequentially subdivided ranges of integers or alphabetically ordered words. The number of alternatives at each step, b , was varied, and, inversely, the size of the target area for the touch. Mean response time for each screen was well described by T = k + c log b , in agreement with the Hick-Hyman and Fitts' laws for decision and movement components in series. It is shown that this function favors breadth over depth in menus, whereas others might not. Speculations are offered as to when various functions could be expected.