gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optoelectronic analogs of self-programming neural nets: architecture and methodologies for implementing fast stochastic learning by simulated annealing (1987)

Self-organization and learning is a distinctive feature of neural nets and processors that sets them apart from conventional approaches to signal processing. It leads to self-programmability which alleviates the problem of programming complexity in artificial neural nets. In this paper architectures for partitioning an optoelectronic analog of a neural net into distinct layers with prescribed interconnectivity pattern to enable stochastic learning by simulated annealing in the context of a Boltzmann machine are presented. Stochastic learning is of interest because of its relevance to the role of noise in biological neural nets. Practical considerations and methodologies for appreciably accelerating stochastic learning in such a multilayered net are described. These include the use of parallel optical computing of the global energy of the net, the use of fast nonvolatile programmable spatial light modulators to realize fast plasticity, optical generation of random number arrays, and an adaptive noisy thresholding scheme that also makes stochastic learning more biologically plausible. The findings reported predict optoelectronic chips that can be used in the realization of optical learning machines.
High-speed architectures for parallel long BCH encoders (2005)

Long Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghen (BCH) codes are used as the outer error correcting codes in the second-generation Digital Video Broadcasting Standard from the European Telecommunications Standard Institute. These codes can achieve around 0.6-dB additional coding gain over Reed-Solomon codes with similar code rate and codeword length in long-haul optical communication systems. BCH encoders are conventionally implemented by a linear feedback shift register architecture. High-speed applications of BCH codes require parallel implementation of the encoders. In addition, long BCH encoders suffer from the effect of large fanout. In this paper, three novel architectures are proposed to reduce the achievable minimum clock period for long BCH encoders after the fanout bottleneck has been eliminated. For an (8191, 7684) BCH code, compared to the original 32-parallel BCH encoder architecture without fanout bottleneck, the proposed architectures can achieve a speedup of over 100%.
Formulations and nebulizer performance. (2002)

To deliver a drug by nebulization, the drug must first be dispersed in a liquid (usually aqueous) medium. After application of a dispersing force (either a jet of gas or ultrasonic waves), the drug particles are contained within the aerosol droplets, which are then inhaled. Some drugs readily dissolve in water, whereas others need a cosolvent such as ethanol or propylene glycol. Some drugs are delivered as suspensions, and the efficiency of nebulizers can be different for solutions and suspensions. Solutions are delivered more efficiently with most devices. In general, conventional ultrasonic nebulizers should not be used to aerosolize suspensions, because of low efficiency. Newer strategies to improve the delivery of non-water-soluble drugs include the use of liposomes and the milling of the drug into very small "nanoparticles." In addition to the active therapeutic ingredient and solvents, drug formulations may include buffers (the solubility of some medications is influenced by pH), stabilizers, and, in the case of multi-dose preparations, antibacterial agents. Though formulations are designed to optimize drug solubility and stability, changes in formulation can also affect inhaled mass, particle size, and treatment time, though the differences between nebulizer brands probably have a greater impact than differences in formulation. Ultrasonic and jet nebulizers may damage protein and other complex agents through heat or shear stress. Additives to multi-dose formulations, especially antimicrobial and chelating agents, may cause adverse events, so there is a trend towards single-use, preservative-free vials.
Quantum Teleportation Channels Opened in Rome and Innsbruck (1998)

If you've heard the reports that teleportation has been achieved, and you're anxious about the implications for investments in the transportation sector, you can relax and instead look to physics futures for the payoff. Quantum teleportation as it currently exists involves the delicate dismantlement of an individual photon's quantum state and its reconstruction about a meter away. Although that may sound less exciting than the transport of starship captains from orbit to planet surface it should lead to new tests of the non-existence of what Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen called local “elements of reality.”
Enantiomeric analysis in a polypeptide lyotropic liquid crystal by deuterium NMR (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnantiomeric analysis in a polypeptide lyotropic liquid crystal by deuterium NMRI. Canet, J. Courtieu, A. Loewenstein, A. Meddour, and J. M. PechineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 24, 6520–6526Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00129a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00129a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views624Altmetric-Citations134LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Dynamic uplink/downlink resource management in flexible duplex-enabled wireless networks (2017)

Flexible duplex is proposed to adapt to the channel and traffic asymmetry for future wireless networks [1]. In this paper, we propose two novel algorithms within the flexible duplex framework for joint uplink and downlink resource allocation in multi-cell scenario, named successive approximation of fixed point (SAFP) and resource muting for dominant interferer (RMDI), based on the awareness of interference coupling among wireless links. Numerical results show significant performance gain over the baseline system with fixed uplink/downlink resource configuration, and over the dynamic time division duplex (TDD) scheme that independently adapts the configuration to time-varying traffic volume in each cell. The proposed algorithms achieve two-fold increase when compared with the baseline scheme, measured by the worst-case quality of service satisfaction level, under a low level of traffic asymmetry. The gain is more significant when the traffic is highly asymmetric, as it achieves three-fold increase.
Optimizing explicit data transfers for data parallel applications on the cell architecture (2012)

In this paper we investigate a general approach to automate some deployment decisions for a certain class of applications on multi-core computers. We consider data-parallelizable programs that use the well-known double buffering technique to bring the data from the off-chip slow memory to the local memory of the cores via a DMA (direct memory access) mechanism. Based on the computation time and size of elementary data items as well as DMA characteristics, we derive optimal and near optimal values for the number of blocks that should be clustered in a single DMA command. We then extend the results to the case where a computation for one data item needs some data in its neighborhood. In this setting we characterize the performance of several alternative mechanisms for data sharing. Our models are validated experimentally using a cycle-accurate simulator of the Cell Broadband Engine architecture.
Statistical aAnalysis tools for detection of non-linearity in aeroelastic phenomena (2006)

Statistical techniques are developed to analyze aeroelastic transient data. By applying a higher order spectral method and the Hinich test for Gaussianity, the presence of the nonlinearity can be identied with condence. The work presented here is motivated by the recent interests in the study of nonlinear aeroelastic behavior using data analysis approach. Statistical procedures which have been frequently employed in dealing with self-exciting autoregressive models are extended to analyze aeroelastic data. The methods are capable of identifying aeroelastic response associated with a freeplay nonlinearity. Moreover, we show that the freeplay parameters can be estimated by a kernel-based non-parametric method. The applications of the statistical analysis tools using numerically simulated aeroelastic data are presented.
Hydrogen-Bonding 3D Networks by Polyhedral Organosilanols: Selective Inclusion of Hydrocarbons in Open Frameworks (2010)

Tetrahedral organosilanols E[C6H4Si(i-Pr)2OH]4 (E = C, 2a; E = Si, 2b) as well as octahedral organosilanols Si8O12(CH═CHC6H4SiR2OH)8 (R = i-Pr, 5a; R = Ph, 5b) have been derived from tetraphenylmethane and -silane (1a,b) and octavinyloctasilsesquioxane (3) designed for self-assembly of 3D hydrogen-bonding networks possessing large porosity. X-ray analyses following crystallization of 2a,b from THF/benzene and either hexane or heptane revealed adamantane-type networks with hydrogen bonds between the silanols of four separate molecules and selective inclusion of hexane or heptane, respectively. Upon changing the mixed solvent to THF/benzene/cyclohexane, X-ray analysis of 2a showed an inclusion compound of composition 2a·1.5benzene. TOPOS analyses of 2a·1.5benzene demonstrated a non-adamantane-type framework with sra network topology. Crystallization of 5a,b from acetone/benzene followed by X-ray analyses confirmed the production of the inclusion compounds 5a·18benzene and 5b·23benzene. The open frameworks of 5a·18benzene and 5b·23benzene are constructed with zeolitic or fluorite cages, and ast or flu network topology results, based on the TOPOS program. The packing of benzene molecules in 5a·18benzene and 5b·23benzene was found to be similar to that of crystals of pure benzene in edge-to-face arrangements. Thus, hydrogen-bonding networks of polyhedral organosilanols have shown selective inclusion of hydrocarbons into large cavities with adjustable porosity and without interpenetration of one network into another.
Drum Transcription Via Joint Beat And Drum Modeling Using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks. (2017)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Ultraviolet spectral studies on metal biguanide complexes (1969)

An attempt has been made to explain the shift of the u.v. spectra on the basis of a new metal biguanide complex structure taking into account the delocalised π-electron system in the ligand. The energy levels of biguanide have been calculated by a simple LCAO–MO method, and the perturbation of those energy levels by metal d orbitals has been schematically formulated by use of Dewar's perturbation method in order to understand qualitatively the direction of the shift. It is found that in planar complexes the energy of the dxz and dyz orbitals should be higher than that of the highest filled ligand orbital. It is suspected that there is more than one transition in the region under investigation. Because of the considerable uncertainty in the value of the various parameters, no attempt has been made to make a rigorous numerical fitting. The suggested structure of metal biguanide complexes indicates the possibility of additional ligand → metal interaction and thus explains the preferential tendency of biguanide for stabilising higher oxidation states of the metal.
A New Reaction of Nitriles. II. Synthesis of t-Carbinamines (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Reaction of Nitriles. II. Synthesis of t-CarbinaminesJohn J. Ritter and Joseph KalishCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 12, 4048–4050Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01192a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01192a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2592Altmetric-Citations226LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance measures for the next generation of spoken natural language dialog systems (1997)

Since approximately the mid 1980's, technology has been adequate (if not ideal) for researchers to construct spoken natural language dialog systems (SNLDS) in order to test theories of natural language processing and to see what machines were capable of based on current technological limits. Over the course of time, a few systems have been constructed in sufficient detail and robustness to enable some evaluation of the systems. For the most part, these systems were greatly limited by the available speech recognition technology. Continuous speech systems required speaker dependent training and restricted vocabularies, but still had such a large number of misrecognitions that this tended to be the limiting factor in the success of the system. For example, testing in 1991 of the Circuit Fix-It Shop of (Smith, Hipp, and Biermann, 1995) required an experimenter to remain in the room in order to notify the user when misrecognitions occurred.
Effects of CO 2 Enrichment on Four Great Basin Grasses (1987)

Plants of four Great Basin grass species were grown from seed in two greenhouses at low (340µl 1-t) and high (680µl 1-t) CO2 concentration. In all four species, high CO2 promoted mean increases in the number of basal stems, leaf area, specific leaf weight and above-ground dry weight. High CO2 resulted in an increase in CO2 assimilation in two C3 grasses but not in C4 grass, while all three species showed decreases in stomatal conductance. Mean increases of 60% in above-ground dry weight and 80% in water-use-efficiency are consistent with previously reported high CO2 effects on grasses. No consistent differential effects of high CO2 were observed when comparing annual vs perennial species. Global CO2 enrichment may alter the competitive balance of Great Basin plant communities, possibly enhancing the dominance of Bromus tectorum L. on degraded rangelands.
从海洋微藻，如球等鞭金藻、路氏巴夫藻，杜氏盐藻中产生的生物柴油燃料和其粘度和密度的测量 (2013)

生物柴油是一种燃料，来源于脂肪和油的酯交换反应。它是可再生、无毒环保燃料，减少二氧化碳和二氧化氮的排放量，微藻是已知含有比海藻和其他油料作物更多的脂质含量。在这项研究中，我们从三种微藻提取生物柴油，分别是球等鞭金藻，路氏巴夫藻，杜氏盐藻，还测量了这些从微藻获得的生物燃料的密度和粘度。路氏巴夫藻产生油比其他两种藻更多，杜氏盐藻遗留下来的生物更多。从这些微藻得到的生物柴油密度为0.86 g/cm3和0.90 g/cm3之间，粘稠度在范围3.92平方毫米/秒到4.5毫米/秒，比其他油的密度更高。
Weld path optimisation for rapid prototyping and wear replacement by robotic gas metal arc welding (2003)

Rapid prototyping (RP) is a large and rapidly growing industry with many different processes either under development or already available commercially. These processes offer fast and flexible production of objects from a wide range of materials. They vary from being able to produce only prototypes of products, through to being suitable for production of finished products ready for service. Rapid prototyping by robotic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) uses metal deposited by the GMAW process to build metal products with engineering properties suitable for service conditions. Wear replacement (WR) involves the repair of worn metal surfaces through the deposition of weld metal, and can also be performed using robotic GMAW. Since both rapid prototyping and wear replacement by robotic GMAW involve the building up of metal objects from metal deposited by the GMAW process, it is possible to combine research in this area. Rapid prototyping and wear replacement using the robotic GMAW process may however give rise to stability problems. Geometric and thermal instability can be an inherent feature of the process, resulting in relatively poor dimensional accuracy and surface quality. Various research directions have been taken in the past in order to address these problems, however the effects of weld path design on process stability have not yet been well researched. The objective of this thesis was to study what effects weld path design can have on the stability of rapid prototyping and wear replacement by GMAW, in order to test whether weld path design could be used to improve process stability and performance. The hypothesis adopted in this thesis was that improved geometric and thermal stability should be possible if the material and heat input are optimised by control of the weld path through weld path design. It was found that the stability of the rapid prototyping and wear replacement by GMAW process is very sensitive to weld path design and that optimised open-loop weld path design can be used to greatly improve process stability and performance. A number of different mechanisms were identified through which the weld path design impacts on the stability and performance of the process and corresponding recommendations for weld path design were presented. The suitability of various weld path designs for different types of applications was assessed and the most optimal weld path designs for an expected wide range of applications were identified. By using one of the most recommended path strategies, rapid prototyping and wear replacement by GMAW systems can enjoy improved geometric and thermal stability and fewer problems with weld defects, through the choice of weld path. It was predicted that the most successful commercial rapid prototyping and wear replacement by robotic GMAW systems would utilise a flexible and multi-faceted approach, using a combination of technologies, in order to best address the various needs of the process as required for key areas of industrial application.
Analysis of almost-periodic distributed feedback slab waveguides via a fundamental matrix approach (1987)

A unified approach to obtain the characteristics of almost-periodic grating slab waveguides including gain in the waveguide is reported. In this approach the waveguides are divided into short segments, and in each segment the gratings are assumed to be periodic, that is, parameters such as coupling coefficient, grating phase, deviations from the Bragg frequency, and gain in the waveguide are independent of a propagation direction z. Then characteristics of almost-periodic grating slab waveguides can be obtained by multiplying each F matrix of a short segment with the proper grating phase conditions at the interface between two adjacent segments. The appropriateness of this approach is shown for typical aperiodic grating waveguides such as tapered, chirped, and phase-shifted gratings. The results obtained by this method are compared with others and prove to be in good agreement with the results obtained by other methods. In addition to these characteristics, it is shown that the F matrix can be used to obtain the threshold conditions for distributed feedback laser oscillations including reflections from cleaved edges.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education (BAMBED) (2004)

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education (BAMBED is a journal that is a publication of the In-ternational Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) and is published by the AmericanSociety of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB). BAMBED, as its name indicates, publishesarticles of interest to educators in biochemistry and molecular biology. These include invited reviewson subjects not yet in textbooks, discussions of curricular development, new laboratory exercises,and articles on educational research. BAMBED also publishes Features on Problem-Based Learning(PBL), Biotechnology Education, and Multimedia in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Educati-on. An important aspect of these articles is that their educational eectiveness must be assessed. Ishall discuss in greater detail the types of articles that BAMBED publishes and the criteria used foraccepting them for publication. Conference attendees are encouraged to submit articles to BAMBED.
An overview of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. (1996)

As with any new instrument, there are many questions regarding confocal laser scanning technology that remain unanswered. Key questions regarding the specific stereometric parameters that are most important for detecting glaucoma and their progression (before conventional photography or visual field testing) remain to be answered. HRT is still a relatively new area of research, and more studies are required.
Wide-Band Monolithic Phase Shifter (1984)

A wide-band monolithic phase shifter operating in the 2-8 GHz frequency range is described. Six GaAs FET's per bit are used as switch elements in a bridge configuration which alternatively becomes a high-pass or a low-pass section. Their low-impedance state is modeled as a resistor, the high-impedance state as a combination of capacitors and resistors. In the design approach, the high-impedance state equivalent shunt capacitor is not resonated. Instead, these capacitors become part of the resulting high-pass, low-pass sections. In this way, the maximum theoretical bandwidth that a high-pass, low-pass section can provide is achieved despite the nonideal switching elements.
Effect of weak, pulsing electromagnetic fields on neural regeneration in the rat. (1983)

The short- and long-term effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on the rate and quality of peripheral nerve regeneration were studied. High bilateral transections of rat sciatic nerves were surgically approximated (a 1-mm gap was left) and shielded with a Silastic sleeve. Animals were exposed to PEMFs for two to 14 weeks after operation. Three groups of 20 rats each (control rats and rats undergoing 12- and 24-hour/day PEMF exposure) were killed at two weeks. Histologically, regenerating axons had penetrated the distal stump nearly twice as far in the PEMF-exposed animals as in the control animals. Return of motor function was judged two to 14 weeks after operation by the load cell-measured, plantar-flexion force produced by neural stimulation proximal to the transection site. Motor function returned earlier in experimental rats and to significantly higher load levels than in control rats. Nerves from animals functioning 12-14 weeks after operation had less interaxonal collagen, more fiber-containing axis cylinders, and larger fiber diameters in the PEMF-exposed group than in the control rats. Histologic and functional data indicate that PEMFs improve the rate and quality of peripheral nerve regeneration in the severed rat sciatic nerve by a factor of approximately two.