gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of temperature density forecasts from GARCH and atmospheric models (2004)

Abstract Density forecasts for weather variables are useful for the many industries exposed to weather risk. Weather ensemble predictions are generated from atmospheric models and consist of multiple future scenarios for a weather variable. The distribution of the scenarios can be used as a density forecast, which is needed for pricing weather derivatives. We consider one to 10‐day‐ahead density forecasts provided by temperature ensemble predictions. More specifically, we evaluate forecasts of the mean and quantiles of the density. The mean of the ensemble scenarios is the most accurate forecast for the mean of the density. We use quantile regression to debias the quantiles of the distribution of the ensemble scenarios. The resultant quantile forecasts compare favourably with those from a GARCH model. These results indicate the strong potential for the use of ensemble prediction in temperature density forecasting. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrable, Chaotic, and Turbulent Vortex Motion in Two-Dimensional Flows (1983)

The field of fluid mechanics is rapidly advancing, driven by unprecedented volumes of data from experiments, field measurements, and large-scale simulations at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning (ML) offers a wealth of techniques to extract ...Read More
Die Tumbakultur am unteren Kongo und der westafrikanische Kulturkreis, von Oswald Menghin (<i>Anthropos</i>, vol. xx, 1925, pp. 516–57). (1925)

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Characterization of reactive impurities in methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol by monitoring the activities of added ionic probes with ion selective electrodes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of reactive impurities in methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol by monitoring the activities of added ionic probes with ion selective electrodesB. K. Deshmukh and J. F. CoetzeeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 13, 2373–2378Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00277a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00277a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views661Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Operation and Performance of the First High Current LTD at Sandia National Laboratories (2005)

A High Current Liner Transformer Driver (LTD) laboratory is operating at Sandia National Laboratories with an LTD/100 cavity running in rep-rate mode. With over one thousand shots completed the output of the LTD/100 is in excellent agreement with circuit model, SCREAMER [1] simulations, and exceeding the original operating predictions. Operating at a rep-rate of 1/30 Hz and a charge voltage of 85 kV, the LTD/100 is achieving a mean peak current of 514.6 kA plusmn 4.8 kA with a rise time of 60.6 ns plusmn 1.7 ns. With improvements to the support systems of the LTD/100 cavity it will be feasible to achieve a rep-rate of 1/15 Hz or less. The high current, short pulse capabilities combined with good reliability shows that LTD technology is a great candidate for use in future pulsed power applications.
Clinical impact of endometrial cancer stratified by genetic mutational profiles, POLE mutation, and microsatellite instability (2018)

This study provides significant evidence that analyses of proofreading POLE mutations and MSI status based on mononucleotide repeat markers are potentially useful biomarkers to identify EC patients with better prognosis.
Recent Advances in High Density Phase Change Memory (PRAM) (2007)

Phase-change Random Access Memory (PRAM) has drawn much attention as a promising candidate for the next generation nonvolatile memory. This is because PRAM has a great potential not only to provide adequate solutions for solving the scaling issues that other conventional nonvolatile memories might face in near future, but also to create new functions and applications of its own with its fast write programming speed and direct overwrite capability. As a result, PRAM has been the fastest evolutionary memory and it is close to commercialization. In this paper, recent progresses in PRAM technologies will be discussed and future direction will be proposed.
Antiulcer Agents. 6. Analysis of the in Vitro Biochemical and in Vivo Gastric Antisecretory Activity of Substituted Imidazo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyridines and Related Analogues Using Comparative Molecular Field Analysis and Hypothetical Active Site Lattice Methodologies (1997)

A number of substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and related analogues were selected for analysis of their in vitro biochemical and in vivo gastric antisecretory activity using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and hypothetical active site lattice (HASL) methodologies. The training set of compounds selected included those that were also chosen for an extensive molecular modeling study initiated, using the active analog approach, to define the pharmacophore by means of which 1 and its analogues interact with the gastric proton pump enzyme, H+/K(+)-ATPase. Using either CoMFA or HASL, it was possible to identify an optimal alignment paradigm of the proposed bioactive conformation for this series to reasonably predict the in vitro H+/K(+)-ATPase inhibitory potency in the purified enzyme model and the in vivo intravenous gastric antisecretory activity for compounds outside of the training set. Furthermore, the steric and electrostatic effects suggested by these two independent methods and their influence on determining biological activity were consistent and complementary to each other.
The Patterning of Sub‐500 nm Inorganic Oxide Structures (2008)

Elastomeric perfluoropolyether molds are applied to pattern arrays of sub-500 nm inorganic oxide features. This versatile soft-lithography technique can be used to pattern a wide range of materials; in this work inorganic oxides including TiO2 , SnO2 , ZnO, ITO, and BaTiO3 are patterned on a variety of substrates with different aspect ratios. An example of TiO2 posts is shown in the figure.
Atomic Force Microscopy of the Electrochemical Nucleation and Growth of Molecular Crystals (1994)

In situ atomic force microscopy reveals the morphology, surface topography, and growth and dissolution characteristics of microscopic single crystals of the low-dimensional organic conductor (tetrathiafulvalene)Br(0.76)' which are grown by electrocrystallization on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode in an atomic force microscope liquid cell. The growth modes and the distribution and orientation of topographic features on specific crystal faces, whose identity was determined by "atomic force microscope goniometry," can be correlated with the strength and direction of anisotropic solid-state intermolecular bonding. Growth on the (011) face of (tetrathiafulvalene)Br(0.76) crystals involves the formation of oriented self-similar triangular islands ranging in size from 200 to 5000 angstroms along a side. These nuclei eventually transform into rectangular rafts at larger length scales, where bulk intermolecular bonding interactions and surface energies dominate over nuclei-substrate interactions.
Thermal performance of FC<sup>M</sup>BGA: Exposed molded die compared to lidded package (2011)

Thermal resistance data were collected using two different style flip chip ball grid array (FCBGA) packages; one with an exposed molded die and a second with a lid. Eleven different heat sink designs and two different thermal interface materials (TIM) were tested to quantify the thermal interaction between heat sink size, base material and TIM resistance as a function of package style. Package style and TIM material did not appreciably change the total thermal resistance (less than 10%) for small heat sinks 50 mm × 50 mm smaller. The exposed molded die package thermal resistance was 14% smaller than the lidded package when tested with a heat pipe heat sink. An understanding of the long term performance impact of TIM II degradation was investigated using conduction based models. Lidded style packages may increase safety margin when TIM II materials experience pump-out, dry-out or voiding.
Noncolocated structural vibration suppression using zero annihilation periodic control (2002)

The zero annihilation periodic (ZAP) controller is applied to the problem of vibration control of a noncolocated flexible structure. It is shown that even though the transfer function is nonminimum-phase, a plant inverse controller can be designed which elicits a deadbeat closed-loop response. The transfer function under investigation arises from a noncolocated actuator/sensor configuration used on the ASTREX flexible structure at USAF/Phillips Laboratory. Several simulation examples are given to demonstrate the ZAP control method. As expected from the theory, the closed-loop response is deadbeat, and the vibrations are damped instantaneously.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
과다운동 후 멜라토닌 투여가 수면 중 뇌파 및 호르몬 변화에 미치는 영향 (2003)

김진항, 임인수. 과다운동 후 멜라토닌 투여가 수면 중 뇌파 및 호르몬 변화에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제12권 제2호, 297-306, 2003. 본 연구는 단기간 과다운동이 수면구조에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 선행연구의 연속선상에서 멜라토닌 투여에 대한 수면 중 뇌파 및 호르몬 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 멜라토닌 투여는 수면잠복 시간과 Stage-1 수면시간에서 유의한 증가를 보여 수면 초반부에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 멜라토닌 투여는 과다운동에 의한 부정적 수면구조에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 멜라토닌 투여는 수면 초기(24시~02시)에 혈중 멜라토닌과 성장호르몬 농도를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이런 결과는 멜라토닌이 각성상태에서 수면상태로 빠르게 전환하는 작용을 한 것으로 제안된다. 이상과 같이 과다운동에 의한 생리·심리적 피로의 누적은 결국 수면 초기에 수면 장애를 유발하는데, 이 과정에서 멜라토닌 투여는 수면 초기에 효과가 있는 것으로 제안된다. 특히 과다훈련, 스트레스, 시차부적응으로 인해 불면증, 수면장애를 경험하는 선수들에게 멜라토닌 투여는 수면 구조의 개선을 위해 권장되어질 수 있을 것이다.
α-Lipoic acid attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway (2007)

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway was recently shown to negatively regulate LPS-induced acute inflammatory responses. We previously observed that the metabolic thiol antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (LA) inhibits LPS-induced expression of cellular adhesion molecules and adherence of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells. Here we investigated the mechanism by which LA attenuates LPS-induced monocyte activation in vitro and acute inflammatory responses in vivo. Incubation of human monocytic THP-1 cells with LA induced phosphorylation of Akt in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In cells pretreated with LA followed by LPS, Akt phosphorylation was elevated initially and further increased during incubation with LPS. This LA-dependent increase in Akt phosphorylation was accompanied by inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity and up-regulation of TNFalpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1. Lipoic acid-dependent Akt phosphorylation and inhibition of NF-kappaB activity were abolished by the PI3K inhibitors LY294002 and wortmannin. Furthermore, LA treatment of LPS-exposed C57BL/6N mice strongly enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta in blood cells; inhibited the LPS-induced increase in serum concentrations and/or tissue expression of adhesion molecules, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and TNFalpha; and attenuated NF-kappaB activation in lung, heart, and aorta. Lipoic acid also improved survival of endotoxemic mice. All of these antiinflammatory effects of LA were abolished by treatment of the animals with wortmannin. We conclude that LA inhibits LPS-induced monocyte activation and acute inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Lipoic acid may be useful in the prevention of sepsis and inflammatory vascular diseases.
Molecular Recognition in Chemical and Biological Systems (2015)

Structure-based ligand design in medicinal chemistry and crop protection relies on the identification and quantification of weak noncovalent interactions and understanding the role of water. Small-molecule and protein structural database searches are important tools to retrieve existing knowledge. Thermodynamic profiling, combined with X-ray structural and computational studies, is the key to elucidate the energetics of the replacement of water by ligands. Biological receptor sites vary greatly in shape, conformational dynamics, and polarity, and require different ligand-design strategies, as shown for various case studies. Interactions between dipoles have become a central theme of molecular recognition. Orthogonal interactions, halogen bonding, and amide⋅⋅⋅π stacking provide new tools for innovative lead optimization. The combination of synthetic models and biological complexation studies is required to gather reliable information on weak noncovalent interactions and the role of water.
Spread-Identity mechanisms for DOS resilience and Security. (2006)

The explosive growth in wireless (and wired) networking technologies and services indicates that multiple means of network connectivity will become available in the near future. For example, stationary and mobile hosts currently support Internet access via wired LANs, Wireless LANs/PANs (e.g., 802.11x, 802.15) or wide area wireless cellular phone and data networks (like GSM). In essence, heterogeneous multi-homing is now a necessity for all hosts (mobile or non-mobile). In order to tap the full potential of such heterogeneous multi-homing, we introduce the novel “Spread Identity (SI)” communications paradigm. Therein, the concept of multi-homing is extended to allow each interface to simultaneously assume multiple addresses and dynamically acquire and release them as needed which is tantamount to “Spreading Identity” at the network( IP) level and has fundamental implications for security. In this paper we show how the spread Identity mechanisms can effectively (1) Mitigate DDOS attacks by rate-limiting the number of name-resolution responses. (2) Quickly detect and neutralize resource-overload type DDOS attacks that cannot be prevented by rate-limiting (3) Enable surviving the remaining types of DDOS attacks by quenching destination addresses they target (in essence by changing the Identity) (4) and preventing future attack flows by returning NULL addresses, and re-directing the attackers against one-another. We demonstrate that Spread Identity mechanisms can also be leveraged to bolster the security of single sourceto- destination flows. SI mechanisms can attain the same level of security as that of a single link with Strong Security Infrastructure (SSI) at a lower cost (in terms of the infrastructure required and the encryption effort needed). The fundamental concept of Spreading-Identity revealed herein is more general and potentially applicable to other scenarios beyond Internet/Electronic communications.
DC-free coset codes (1988)

A class of block coset codes with disparity and run-length constraints are studied. They are particularly well suited for high-speed optical fiber links and similar channels, where DC-free pulse formats, channel error control, and low-complexity encoder-decoder implementations are required. The codes are derived by partitioning linear block codes. The encoder and decoder structures are the same as those of linear block codes with only slight modifications. A special class of DC-free coset block codes are derived from BCH codes with specified bounds on minimum distance, disparity, and run length. The codes have low disparity levels (a small running digital sum) and good error-correcting capabilities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Built-in-Self-Calibration for I/Q Imbalance in Wideband Millimeter-Wave Gigabit Transmitters (2017)

This paper addresses the estimation and compensation of I/Q imbalance, one of the most prominent impairments found in wideband zero-intermediate frequency transceivers (TRxs). The I/Q imbalance encountered in this kind of TRx comprises not only frequency-selective gain and phase imbalance but also delay imbalance. Unless appropriate compensation is applied, the I/Q imbalance significantly degrades the performance of a communication system. This paper presents a novel compensation technique for transmitter I/Q imbalance based on built-in-self-calibration, a low cost and robust compensation technique that enables manufacturing as well as in-field calibration with low computational complexity. The method's performance is evaluated in a TRx with 64-quadratic-amplitude modulation and 2 GHz of bandwidth implemented with real hardware. The measurements show that the proposed technique achieves an image rejection ratio greater than 35 dB in the entire 2 GHz bandwidth and an error vector magnitude lower than 3%.
Properties of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) from thiol‐functionalized oligothiophenes (1997)

The introduction of electroactivity into a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) has been attempted as a step towards a tunable interface between metals and conjugated conducting polymers. The synthesis of terthiophenes bearing an alkylthiol function at their terminal position and their chemisorption onto platinum single crystals are described. The properties of this SAM were investigated by electrochemical surface analysis and contact angle measurements. The calculation of the orientation of the terthiophene units is outlined.
Using dynamic low-coherence interferometry to image Brownian motion within highly scattering media (1998)

Dynamic low-coherence interferometry was used to measure Brownian motion of submicrometer particles within highly scattering media. Strong rejection of multiply scattered light was obtained by combination of a coherence gate with a confocal microscope, thus allowing particle characterization methods generally reserved for optically dilute materials to be applied to optically concentrated suspensions. The Brownian diffusion coefficient of highly scattering media was determined with an accuracy better than 5%. Furthermore, we show that spatial variations in the Brownian diffusion coefficient can be imaged with an axial resolution determined by the coherence length of the light source (~30 mum) . The experiments also show broadening of the power spectrum as a function of depth into the sample, most likely as a result of detecting multiply scattered light.
The robust design of PWM power amplifier by the approximate 2-degree-of-freedom integral type servo system (2002)

A PWM power amplifier which constitutes the feedback-control system so that the output voltage supplied to load might be proportional to a reference input is used as amplifier itself or as power supply. Then, a robust PWM power amplifier-whose transient, response characteristics do not, deteriorate to an extensive load change or direct-current power-supply voltage change is needed. Moreover. the. amplifier output. rarest be made to follow its reference input correctly in the application of an amplifier as a power supply which generates various functions. Therefore, the band width of amplifier must be specified, and, at the same time, an over-shoot in a step response is not allowed. In this paper. a. method for designing a robust controller of PWM power amplifier is proposed which can satisfy such demands. The controller constitutes an approximate 2-degree-of-freedom integral type servo system. This servo system becomes fully robust against a. large load change. Moreover. the controller obtained by this designing method is actually manufactured, and it is shown. from an experiment that a sufficiently robust control system is realizable.
Verification metrology system by using inline reference metrology (2014)

For robustness improvement of inline metrology tools, we propose inline reference metrology system “Verification Metrology System (VMS)”. This system combines inline metrology tools and non-destructive reference metrology tools. VMS can detect the false alarm error and the not-detectable error caused by measurement robustness decay of inline metrology tools. GI-SAXS was selected as the inline reference metrology tool. GI-SAXS has high robustness capability for under-layer structure changes. VMS with scatterometry and GI-SAXS was evaluated for measurement robustness. The potential to detect metrology system errors was confirmed using VMS. Cost reduction effect of VMS was estimated for the false alarm case. Total cost is obtained as a sum of the false alarm loss and the metrology cost. VMS is effective for total cost reduction with low sampling. And it is important that sampling frequency of reference metrology is optimized based on process qualities.
A wide-band fiber-optic true-time-steered array receiver capable of multiple independent simultaneous beams (1998)

A wide-band fiber-optic true-time-delay array receiver capable of receiving multiple independent beams simultaneously is demonstrated for the first time. The receiver is based on a dispersive prism technique and exhibits squint-free /spl plusmn/60/spl deg/ azimuthal steering of two simultaneous beams with no observable beam squint over a microwave component-limited bandwidth of 6-18 GHz.
Small angle relaxation of highly deformed nematic liquid crystals (1988)

Transient phase response associated with a small angle relaxation from highly deformed nematic liquid crystal (LC) directors is analyzed experimentally and numerically. Qualitative agreement between computer simulations and experimental results is obtained. Based on these results, decay time of a fast LC modulator employing the transient nematic effect is derived. This decay time is found to be fast (with potential to achieve ∼50 μs), insensitive to LC thickness, but proportional to (λ/Δn0)2, λ being the wavelength and Δn0 the corresponding birefringence.