gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The agnoprotein of polyomaviruses: A multifunctional auxiliary protein (2004)

The late region of the three primate polyomaviruses (JCV, BKV, and SV40) encodes a small, highly basic protein known as agnoprotein. While much attention during the last two decades has focused on the transforming proteins encoded by the early region (small and large T-antigens), it has become increasingly evident that agnoprotein has a critical role in the regulation of viral gene expression and replication, and in the modulation of certain important host cell functions including cell cycle progression and DNA repair. The importance of agnoprotein is underscored by its expression during lytic infection of glial cells by JCV that occurs in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), and also in some JCV-associated human neural tumors particularly medulloblastoma. In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of agnoprotein in the viral life cycle during the course of lytic infection and the consequences of agnoprotein expression for the host cell.
Preparations of Z-α,β-Unsaturated Amides by Using Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reagents, (Diphenylphosphono)acetamides (2001)

New Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reagents, (diphenylphosphono)acetamides 2 react with a variety of aldehydes to give the corresponding Z-α,β-unsaturated amides stereoselectively (up to Z : E = 98 : 2).
Activity of vincristine, L-asparaginase, and dexamethasone against acute lymphoblastic leukemia was enhanced by the Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-737 in vitro and in vivo (2007)

510 Relapse remains a major problem in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Adding a drug that can modulate drug resistance to combination chemotherapy used for therapy of ALL could enhance the durability and frequency of complete remissions. We evaluated ABT-737, a small-molecule Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor, in combination with vincristine, dexamethasone, and L-asparaginase (VXL) in ALL cell lines (1 established at multiple-relapse) using the DIMSCAN cytotoxicity assay. Multi-log synergistic cytotoxicity (combination index 25% or toxicity-related events. Leukemia Growth Delay (LGD) was calculated as the median event-free survival of treated minus control groups. ABT-737 alone achieved LGDs of 26.6 days (ALL-7) and 2.6 days (ALL-19). VXL achieved LGDs of 71.6 days (ALL-7) and 36.5 days (ALL-19). VXL + ABT-737 achieved LGDs of 115.6 days (ALL-7) and 67.7 days (ALL-19). The LGDs for ABT-737 + VXL were 17.4 days (ALL-7) or 28.6 days (ALL-19) greater than the sum of individual LGDs for VXL and ABT-737. In conclusion, ABT-737 synergistically enhanced cytotoxicity of VXL in ALL cell lines and enhanced activity of VXL against ALL xenografts. Combining VXL with an inhibitor of the Bcl-2 family of proteins warrants clinical investigation in relapsed ALL.
Deuterium isotope effects in the in vivo metabolism of cotinine (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeuterium isotope effects in the in vivo metabolism of cotinineErmias Dagne, Larry Gruenke, and Neal Castagnoli Jr.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1974, 17, 12, 1330–1333Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00258a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00258a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application for the wearable heart activity monitoring system : Analysis of the autonomic function of HRV (2008)

The wearable patch-style heart activity monitoring system (HAMS) which was used for recording ECG signal in this study is self-developed. This electrode design helps the non-restricted, non-aware and non-invasive ECG measurement. The modified bipolar electrode is convenient in use because it is designed for easy attachment and detachment with ECG measuring module by snap button. Besides, it minimizes EMI by removing the cables. In the same subjects who were exposed under stress and non-stress, the questionnaire was given out, the amount of the stress hormone was measured by blood test and the ECG signal was recorded. Through the analysis of ECG signal which is measured with wearable patch-style HAMS, the parameter highly related with mental stress were extracted from frequency and time domain. These parameters were certified as the meaningful factor after correlation analysis on the results from questionnaire and stress hormone test. Also, it is proved that the availability of wearable patch-style heart monitoring system is efficient as health monitoring system in any places and occasion.
Design and Prototype of a Tunable Stiffness Arm for Safe Human-Robot Interaction (2016)

In this paper, we present a tunable stiffness robot link for safe human-robot interaction. Stiffness of a manipulator determines the injury levels of a human from an impact between robots and operators, given a specific impact velocity. Compliance of a robot manipulator includes joint compliance and link compliance. Variable stiffness design from the viewpoint of actuators have been widely studied, while adjustable stiffness robotic link in the application of human robot interaction is rare in literatures. This paper details the design of a tunable stiffness robotic manipulator via four bar linkages which are actuated by servo motors. A 3D model of the morphing beam is constructed, and a robot which is made up of 3 morphing arms is designed. Prototypes using 3D printer are fabricated. Numerous tests have been done, and the results show that the stiffness is able to change 3.6 times given a morphing angle of π/4. Given an impact velocity of 2.2 m/s, the impact tests show that the acceleration has a 19.4% decrease comparing the curved beam and straight beam, and the head injury criteria (HIC) significantly decreases from 210.3 m5/2s−4 to 150.3 m5/2s−4, which is much safer to the operators. This paper explores the research of tunable stiffness on robotic links in the application of human robot interaction, expanding the research arena with regarding to human safe robot design.
Vision based real-time fish detection using convolutional neural network (2017)

Underwater vision has specific characteristics such as high attenuation of lights, severe noise and haze in the images. For real-time fish detection using underwater vision, this paper proposes convolutional neural network based techniques based on You Only Look Once algorithm. Actual fish video images were used to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the proposed method. As a result, the network recorded 93% classification accuracy, 0.634 intersection over union between predicted bounding box and ground truth, and 16.7 frames per second of fish detection. It also outperforms another fish detector using sliding window algorithm and classifier trained with histogram of oriented gradient features and support vector machine.
Bandwidth allocation and connection admission control in ATM networks (1996)

Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is the transmission format for almost all future communication networks, including broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDN). The key feature of ATM is its high flexibility in bandwidth allocation. Instead of reserving capacity for each connection, the bandwidth is allocated on demand. As a consequence, packets (called cells in ATM terminology) might be lost. To guarantee a given quality of service (QoS), some kind of control is needed to decide whether to accept or to reject an incoming connection. A connection is accepted only if the network has sufficient resources to achieve the QoS required by the user without affecting the QoS of the existing connections. In ATM networks, connection admission control (CAC) is responsible for this decision. It is a very complex function because the traffic may vary greatly and have poorly known characteristics. This paper describes CAC procedures proposed in the literature and discusses issues related to bandwidth allocation in ATM networks. It shows that CAC and statistical multiplexing are only needed for certain connections.
Chemistry of the ruthenium [Ru(RQ)(tap)2]z family: authentic catecholates, reduction potentials, and spectra (RQ = quinone/semiquinone/catecholate; tap = 2-(m-tolylazo)pyridine; z = 0, .+-., .+-.2) (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of the ruthenium [Ru(RQ)(tap)2]z family: authentic catecholates, reduction potentials, and spectra (RQ = quinone/semiquinone/catecholate; tap = 2-(m-tolylazo)pyridine; z = 0, .+-., .+-.2)Nilkamal Bag, Amitava Pramanik, Goutam Kumar Lahiri, and Animesh ChakravortyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1, 40–45Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00027a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00027a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Lattice priority scheduling: Low-overhead timing-channel protection for a shared memory controller (2016)

Computer hardware is increasingly shared by distrusting parties in platforms such as commercial clouds and web servers. Though hardware sharing is critical for performance and efficiency, this sharing creates timing-channel vulnerabilities in hardware components such as memory controllers and shared memory. Past work on timing-channel protection for memory controllers assumes all parties are mutually distrusting and require timing-channel protection. This assumption limits the capability of the memory controller to allocate resources effectively, and causes severe performance penalties. Further, the assumption that all entities are mutually distrusting is often a poor fit for the security needs of real systems. Often, some entities do not require timing-channel protection or trust others with information. We propose lattice priority scheduling (LPS), a secure memory scheduling algorithm that improves performance by more precisely meeting the target system's security requirements, expressed as a lattice policy. We evaluate LPS in a simulated 8-core microprocessor. Compared to prior solutions [34], lattice priority scheduling improves system throughput by over 30% on average and by up to 84% for some workloads.
Alkalinization process for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Nibs and quality evaluation of the powder by response surface Methodology (2002)

In order to develop a Brazilian technology, process parameters for the production of alkalinized cocoa powder from nibs were determined using a 2 3 experimental design with four repetitions at the central point giving a total of 18 treatments, thus obtaining products, which differed from one another with respect to colour, pH and flavour. The independent variables were temperature (60, 72, 90, 108 and 120°C), time (30, 54, 90, 120 and 150 min) and potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) concentration (0.0, 1.22, 3.0, 4,78 and 6.0%), with a moisture content of 45% based on the mass of nibs. Within the limits studied, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was shown to be adequate to represent the process with respect to the responses for limiting ash content, pH, L*a*b* colour, ratio of b*/a* and the acceptance of colour and flavour for the alkalinized cocoa powders. Pour developper une technologie bresilienne, les parametres du procede pour la production de poudre de cacao alcalinisee a partir de brisures de feves de cacao sont determines en utilisant un plan d'experience 2 3 avec 4 repetitions au point central donnant un total de 18 experiences, en obtenant ainsi des produits differant en pH, couleur et flaveur. Les variables independantes sont la temperature, le temps, la concentration en carbonate de potassium avec une teneur en eau de 45% de la masse des feves brisees.
Secure Federated Submodel Learning (2019)

Federated learning was proposed with an intriguing vision of achieving collaborative machine learning among numerous clients without uploading their private data to a cloud server. However, the conventional framework requires each client to leverage the full model for learning, which can be prohibitively inefficient for resource-constrained clients and large-scale deep learning tasks. We thus propose a new framework, called federated submodel learning, where clients download only the needed parts of the full model, namely submodels, and then upload the submodel updates. Nevertheless, the "position" of a client's truly required submodel corresponds to her private data, and its disclosure to the cloud server during interactions inevitably breaks the tenet of federated learning. To integrate efficiency and privacy, we have designed a secure federated submodel learning scheme coupled with a private set union protocol as a cornerstone. Our secure scheme features the properties of randomized response, secure aggregation, and Bloom filter, and endows each client with a customized plausible deniability, in terms of local differential privacy, against the position of her desired submodel, thus protecting her private data. We further instantiated our scheme with the e-commerce recommendation scenario in Alibaba, implemented a prototype system, and extensively evaluated its performance over 30-day Taobao user data. The analysis and evaluation results demonstrate the feasibility and scalability of our scheme from model accuracy and convergency, practical communication, computation, and storage overheads, as well as manifest its remarkable advantages over the conventional federated learning framework.
Highly (110)- and (111)-oriented BiFeO3 films on BaPbO3 electrode with Ru or Pt∕Ru barrier layers (2007)

Highly (110)- and (111)-oriented BiFeO3 (BFO) films were fabricated with BaPbO3 (BPO)∕Ru and BPO∕Pt∕Ru as electrode/barrier on Si substrates by rf-magnetron sputtering. The BPO∕Ru and BPO∕Pt∕Ru stacks both induce oriented BFO films and act as diffusion barriers. The (110)- and (111)-oriented BFO films possess excellent ferroelectric properties with only minor leakage. The values of remnant polarization are almost the same, about 42μC∕cm2, for (110)- and (111)-oriented BFO films. However, polarization measured under varying pulse widths demonstrates that the switching polarization in (111)-oriented BFO films is higher than in (110)-oriented films. Additionally, (111)-oriented BFO films exhibit better retention properties than (110)-oriented films.
Moderate Hypothermia Inhibits Brain Inflammation and Attenuates Stroke‐Induced Immunodepression in Rats (2013)

Brief intra-ischemic hypothermia attenuated SIID and protected against acute brain inflammation.
Some Extensions of von Braun (BrCN) Reaction on Organic Bases, Part IV (1985)

Extensions of von Braun cyanogen bromide reaction have been undertaken on some aliphatic and heterocyclic amines. Monocyanamides of all these bases yielded their respective urea and carboxamide derivatives on hydrolysis with dilute hydrochloric acid. They also gave the amido derivatives on reaction with Zn/HCl, as in the case of diisobutyl and di-2-butyl cyanamides.
Carcass disposal: lessons from Great Britain following the foot and mouth disease outbreaks of 2001 (2002)

The foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak that occurred in the United Kingdom in 2001 was of an unprecedented scale and severity and presented a massive logistical challenge to Government. Over 6.5 million animals were slaughtered and disposed of, over 4 million as a direct result of disease and a further 2.5 million on welfare grounds. On-farm burial and on-farm burning were the principal routes for disposal at the commencement of the outbreak. On-farm burial was limited by legislation to protect groundwater supplies and pyre burning came increasingly under attack from local communities concerned about health risks from smoke and emissions. Burning also painted a vivid but distressing picture of the war against disease. Increasingly, rendering capacity made an important contribution to disposal. The peak of the outbreak could only be managed by the development of a new disposal route--mass burial in engineered sites and by using licensed landfill where available. During the course of the outbreak, a disposal hierarchy was developed to reflect environmental and public health concerns, namely: rendering and incineration ranked first, licensed landfill next, followed by burning with mass burial or on-farm burial as the least preferred options. However, the campaign against the disease could not have been won without the tactical use of mass burial in addition to all the other available disposal routes. The authors describe the development and deployment of the disposal routes used in the 2001 outbreak.
SINGLE‐ and DOUBLE‐STRAND BREAK FORMATION IN DOUBLE‐STRANDED DNA UPON NANOSECOND LASER‐INDUCED PHOTOIONIZATION (1990)

Double-stranded (ds) calf thymus DNA (0.4 mM), excited by 20 ns laser pulses at 248 nm, was studied in deoxygenated aqueous solution at room temperature and pH 6.7 in the presence of a sodium salt (10 mM). The quantum yields for the formation of hydrated electrons (phi c-), single-strand breaks (phi ssb) and double-strand breaks (phi dsb) were determined for various laser pulse intensities (IL). phi c- and phi ssb increase linearly with increasing IL; however, phi ssb has a tendency to reach saturation at high IL (greater than 5 X 10(6) Wcm-2). The ratio phi ssb/phi c-, representing the number of ssb per radical cation, is about 0.08 at IL less than or equal to 5 X 10(6) Wcm-2. For comparison, the number of ssb per OH radical reacting with dsDNA is 0.22. On going from argon to N2O saturation, phi ssb and phi dsb become larger by factors of approximately 5 and 10-15, respectively. This enhancement is produced by attack on DNA bases by OH radicals generated by N2O-scavenging of the photoelectrons. While phi ssb is essentially independent of the dose (Etot), phi dsb depends linearly on Etot in both argon- and N2O-saturated solutions. The linear dependence of phi dsb implies a square dependence of the number of dsb on Etot. This portion of dsb formation is explained by the occurrence of two random ssb, generated within a critical distance (h) in opposite strands. For both argon- and N2O-saturated solutions h was found to be of the order of 40-70 phosphoric acid diester bonds. On addition of electron scavengers such as 2-chloroethanol (or N2O plus t-butanol), phi dsb is similar to that in neat, argon-saturated solutions. Thus, hydrated electrons are not involved in the chemical pathway leading to laser-pulse-induced dsb of DNA.
Design Considerations for Monolithic Microwave Circuits (1981)

Monolithic microwave integrated circuits based on silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) and gallium arsenide technologies are being considered seriously as viable candidates for satellite communication systems, airborne radar, and other applications. The low-loss properties of sapphire and semi-insulating GaAs substrates, combined with the excellent microwave performance of metal-semiconductor FET's (MESFET's), allows, for the first time, a truly monolithic approach to microwave integrated circuits. By monolithic we mean an approach wherein all passive and active circuit elements and interconnections are formed into the bulk, or onto the surface of the substrate by some deposition scheme, such as epitaxy, ion implantation, sputtering, evaporation, and other methods. The importance of this development is that microwave applications such as airborne phased-array systems based on a large number of identical circuits and requiring small physical volume and/or light weight, may, finally, become cost effective. The paper covers in some detail the design considerations that must be applied to monolithic microwave circuits in general, and to gallium arsenide circuits in particular. The important role being played by computer-aided design techniques is stressed. Numerous examples of monolithic circuits and components which illustrate the design principles are described. These provide a cross section of the world-wide effort in this field. A glimpse into the future prospects of monolithic microwave circuits is made.
Mass spectrometry of the phosphatidylcholines: fragmentation processes for dioleoyl and stearoyl-oleoyl glycerylphosphorylcholine (1971)

Mass spectra for the various phosphatidylcholines, together with accurate mass measurements on the more abundant fragment ions, have been described in a previous paper (Ref. 5). No detailed fragmentation sequence was proposed on the evidence available. In the case of dioleoyl glycerylphosphorylcholine, some question arose as to whether certain ions were produced by electron impact or by pyrolysis. In this paper, results are reported which enable a more detailed fragmentation sequence to be proposed. By observing metastable transitions in the first field free region of a double-focusing mass spectrometer, it can be shown that the major ions in the spectrum are produced by electron impact processes, and not by pyrolysis; moreover, many of these ions are directly related to one another by metastable processes. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the ions at m/e 603 for dioleoyl glycerylphosphorylcholine and at m/e 604 for stearoyl-oleoyl glycerylphosphorylcholine are derived from the appropriate molecular ions by an electron impact-induced process. From measurements of the metastable ion intensities, as well as from the appearance potentials and ionization efficiency curves, conclusions may be drawn about many of the fragmentation mechanisms, allowing a distinction to be made between rearrangement and cleavage reactions.