gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quaternion based rate/attitude tracking system with application to gimbal attitude control (2005)

The paper deals with rate and attitude control of a rigid body. The discussed control system contains an inner velocity loop which tracks the desired rate command and an outer attitude loop which tracks the desired attitude command. The control algorithm uses quaternions as a measure of attitude errors to achieve instantaneous eigenaxis rotation. The paper discusses the stability of the new algorithm and presents its application to multi-axis gimbal attitude control.
Flow cytometry PRA, a new test that is highly correlated with graft survival (1992)

IgM antibodies present in the recipient sera are not necessarily harmful to the outcome of the graft. However, one primarily measures IgM with panel-reactive antibody (PRA) determined by microcytotoxicity. In order to develop a potentially more correlative PRA measurement, we have utilized the flow cytometer to measure IgG antibody to a panel of lymphocytes representing HLA antigens. This was accomplished by measuring the median channel shift associated with the patient's serum antibody binding to pooled target cells. The correlation between flow PRA and graft outcome was analyzed in 59 regraft recipients using current serum prior to transplantation. The PRA was determined by both cytotoxicity and flow cytometry. One-year follow up was available on all transplant recipients with 62% 1-yr actuarial graft survival. Cytotoxic PRAs were divided into greater than 10% and less than or equal to 10%, with a 72% vs 70% graft survival at 6 months and 62% vs 62% 1 yr graft survival, respectively. Flow cytometry PRA was divided into greater than 10 and less than or equal to 10 channel shift with 63% vs 86% graft survival at 6 months, and 53 vs 79% 1 yr graft survival respectively (p less than 0.05 for both time intervals). Serum creatinine levels were concomitantly lower at 1 and 3 months in the flow PRA-negative recipients. Flow PRA was a simple, rapid test which eliminates "false" positives due to IgM and detects non-complement fixing IgG, which occurred in 25% of the samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Immune Responses to AAV in Clinical Trials (2011)

Findings in the first clinical trial in which an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector was introduced into the liver of human subjects highlighted an issue not previously identified in animal studies. Upon AAV gene transfer to liver, two subjects developed transient elevation of liver enzymes, likely as a consequence of immune rejection of transduced hepatocytes mediated by AAV capsid-specific CD8+ T cells. Studies in healthy donors showed that humans carry a population of antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells probably arising from wild-type AAV infections. The hypothesis formulated at that time was that these cells expanded upon re-exposure to capsid, i.e. upon AAV-2 hepatic gene transfer, and cleared AAV epitope-bearing transduced hepatocytes. Other hypotheses have been formulated which include specific receptorbinding properties of AAV-2 capsid, presence of capsid-expressing DNA in AAV vector preparations, and expression of alternate open reading frames from the transgene; emerging data from clinical trials however fail to support these competing hypotheses. Possible solutions to the problem are discussed, including the administration of a short-term immunosuppression regimen concomitant with gene transfer, or the development of more efficient vectors that can be administered at lower doses. While more studies will be necessary to define mechanisms and risks associated with capsid-specific immune responses in humans, monitoring of these responses in clinical trials will be essential to achieving the goal of longterm therapeutic gene transfer in humans.
Simultaneous electrical recording of cardiac electrophysiology and contraction on chip (2017)

Prevailing commercialized cardiac platforms for in vitro drug development utilize planar microelectrode arrays to map action potentials, or impedance sensing to record contraction in real time, but cannot record both functions on the same chip with high spatial resolution. Here we report a novel cardiac platform that can record cardiac tissue adhesion, electrophysiology, and contractility on the same chip. The platform integrates two independent yet interpenetrating sensor arrays: a microelectrode array for field potential readouts and an interdigitated electrode array for impedance readouts. Together, these arrays provide real-time, non-invasive data acquisition of both cardiac electrophysiology and contractility under physiological conditions and under drug stimuli. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were cultured as a model system, and used to validate the platform with an excitation-contraction decoupling chemical. Preliminary data using the platform to investigate the effect of the drug norepinephrine are combined with computational efforts. This platform provides a quantitative and predictive assay system that can potentially be used for comprehensive assessment of cardiac toxicity earlier in the drug discovery process.
Human Heart-Type Cytoplasmic Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Clinical Evaluation of H-FABP in Comparison with Myoglobin and Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme MB (2000)

Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a low molecular weight cytoplasmic protein and present abundantly in the myocardium. When the myocardium is injured, as in the case of myocardial infarction, low molecular weight cytoplasmic proteins including H-FABP are released into the circulation and H-FABP is detectable in a blood sample. We have already developed a direct sandwich-ELISA for quantification of human H-FABP using two distinct types of monoclonal antibodies specific for human H-FABP. In this study we investigated the clinical validity of H-FABP as a biochemical diagnostic marker in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of H-FABP in the early phase of AMI, blood samples were obtained from the following patients within 12 hours after the appearance of symptoms, and serum levels of H-FABP were compared with those of conventional diagnostic markers, such as myoglobin and creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB). Blood samples were collected from patients with confirmed AMI (n=140), patients with chest pain who were afterwards not classified as AMI by normal CK-MB levels (non-AMI) (n=49) and normal healthy volunteers (n=75). The serum concentration of H-FABP was quantified with our direct sandwich-ELISA. The concentration of myoglobin mass was measured with a commercial RIA kit. The serum CK-MB activity was determined with an immuno-inhibition assay kit. The overall sensitivity of H-FABP, within 12 hours after the appearance of symptoms, was 92.9%, while it was 88.6% with myoglobin and 18.6% with CK-MB. The overall specificity of H-FABP was 67.3%, while it was 57.1% with myoglobin and 98.0% with CK-MB. The diagnostic efficacy rates with these markers were 86.2% (H-FABP), 80.4% (myoglobin) and 39.2% (CK-MB), respectively. The diagnostic validity of H-FABP was further assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of H-FABP was 0.921, which was significantly greater than with myoglobin (AUC: 0.843) and CK-MB (AUC: 0.654). These parameters, such as sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic efficacy and diagnostic accuracy, obtained for patients with chest pain within 3 hours and/or 6 hours after the onset of symptoms were almost the same as those for patients within 12 hours after symptoms. H-FABP is more sensitive than both myoglobin and CK-MB, more specific than myoglobin for detecting AMI within 12 hours after the onset of symptoms, and shows the highest values for both diagnostic efficacy and ROC curve analysis. Thus, H-FABP has great potential as an excellent biochemical cardiac marker for the diagnosis of AMI in the early phase.
Beta expansions: a new approach to digitally corrected A/D conversion (2003)

We introduce a new architecture for pipelined (and also algorithmic) A/D converters that give exponentially accurate conversion using inaccurate comparators. An error analysis of a sigma-delta converter with an imperfect comparator and a constant input reveals a self-correction property that is not inherited by the successive refinement quantization algorithm that underlies both pipelined multistage A/D converters and algorithmic A/D converters. Motivated by this example, we introduce a new A/D converter, the beta converter, which has the same self-correction property as a sigma-delta converter but which exhibits higher order (exponential) accuracy with respect to the bit rate as compared to a sigma-delta converter, which exhibits only polynomial accuracy.
Comparison of IPSCs Evoked by Spiny and Fast-Spiking Neurons in the Neostriatum (2004)

Most neurons in the neostriatum are GABAergic spiny projection neurons with extensive local axon collaterals innervating principally other spiny projection neurons. The other source of GABAergic inputs to spiny neurons derives from a small number of interneurons, of which the best characterized are the parvalbumin-containing, fast-spiking interneurons. Spiny neuron collateral inhibition was not demonstrated until recently, because the IPSPs recorded at the soma are surprisingly small. In contrast, interneuronal inhibition was readily detected, comprising much larger IPSPs. Here, we report the application of quantal analysis and compartmental modeling to compare and contrast IPSCs in spiny neurons originating from axon collaterals and interneurons. The results indicate that individual release sites at spiny and interneuron synapses have similar quantal sizes and baseline release probabilities. Interneuronal unitary IPSCs are several times larger because of their proximal location on the neuron and because they have a larger number of transmitter release sites. Despite the small amount of current they can deliver to the soma, spiny cell collateral synapses had moderately high baseline release probabilities (0.5-0.9), suggesting that they are not weak because of some form of depression or modulation. The size of unitary collateral synaptic currents increased monotonically during development. These results argue against models of competitive inhibition in neostriatum, including those in which competitive inhibition is transiently effective during development and learning, and suggest a different role for the spiny cell axon collaterals.
Molecular and biochemical analysis of phthalate and terephthalate degradation by<i>Rhodococcus</i>sp. strain DK17 (2005)

Alkylbenzene-degrading Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17 is able to utilize phthalate and terephthalate as growth substrates. The genes encoding the transformation of phthalate and terephthalate to protocatechuate are organized as two separate operons, located 6.7kb away from each other. Interestingly, both the phthalate and terephthalate operons are induced in response to terephthalate while expression of the terephthalate genes is undetectable in phthalate-grown cells. In addition to two known plasmids (380-kb pDK1 and 330-kb pDK2), a third megaplasmid (750-kb pDK3) was newly identified in DK17. The phthalate and terephthalate operons are duplicated and are present on both pDK2 and pDK3. RT-PCR experiments, coupled with sequence analysis, suggest that phthalate and terephthalate degradation in DK17 proceeds through oxygenation at carbons 3 and 4 and at carbons 1 and 2 to form 3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxyphthalate and 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxyterephthalate, respectively. The 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate pathway was further corroborated through colorometric tests. Apparently, the two dihydrodiol metabolites are subsequently dehydrogenated and decarboxylated to form protocatechuate, which is further degraded by a protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase as confirmed by a ring-cleavage enzyme assay.
Numerical Investigation of the Flow and Heat Transfer Due to a Miniature Piezoelectric Fan (2004)

Piezoelectric fans have emerged as a viable alternative for electronics cooling applications requiring low input power and noiseless operation. A piezoelectric fan is a cantilever actuated by a piezoelectric ceramic material bonded to it. The fan oscillates back and forth creating airflow when an alternating electric field is applied to this bonded piezoelectric ceramic. Forced convection induced by such an oscillating fan in an enclosure is numerically investigated. The computational model is capable of sustaining deforming fluid cells that allow large boundary movement. The moving wall boundary, modeled as large-amplitude beam deflection, initiates flow in the fluid domain which enhances convection to varying extents depending on the heat source-to-fan distance and beam deflection amplitude. The effects of these parameters on heat transfer are studied. Transition between distinct convection patterns is observed with changes in the parameters. Results are validated against experimental measurements, with good agreement.
XMAX: X-tolerant architecture for MAXimal test compression (2004)

XMAX is a novel test data compression architecture capable of achieving almost exponential reduction in scan test data volume and test time while allowing use of commercial automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) tools. It tolerates presence of sources of unknown logic values (also referred to as X's) without compromising test quality and diagnosis capability for most practical purposes. The XMAX architecture has been implemented in several industrial designs.
UV-Induced Signaling Pathways Associated with Corneal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis (2003)

UV-irradiation-induced corneal epithelial cell apoptosis is mediated through activation of the SEK/JNK signaling pathway. Such activation is dependent on increases in K+ channel activity, which play an important role in the early events that result in activation of this pathway.
Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (2002)

Atherosclerosis, in its myriad incarnations the foremost killer disease in the industrialized world, is characterized by aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells in part as a result of the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the blood vessel wall. The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids are synthesized from arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 system and are vasoactive substances. Metabolism of these compounds by epoxide hydrolases results in the formation of compounds that affect the vasculature in a pleiotropic manner. As an outgrowth of our observations that urea inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats as well as the findings of other investigators that these compounds possess antiinflammatory actions, we have examined the effect of sEH inhibitors on VSM cell proliferation. We now show that the sEH inhibitor 1-cyclohexyl-3-dodecyl urea (CDU) inhibits human VSM cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and is associated with a decrease in the level of cyclin D1. In addition, cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid mimics the growth-suppressive activity of CDU; there is no evidence of cellular toxicity or apoptosis in CDU-treated cells when incubated with 20 microM CDU for up to 48 h. These results, in light of the antiinflammatory and antihypertensive properties of these compounds that have been demonstrated already, suggest that the urea class of sEH inhibitors may be useful for therapy for diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis characterized by exuberant VSM cell proliferation and vascular inflammation.
Production of Liquid Feedstock from Biomass <i>via</i> Steam Pyrolysis in a Fluidized Bed Reactor (2013)

The nature of liquids derived from biomass fast pyrolysis is far from typical oil, and thus, different approaches for bio-oil production and upgrading are needed. In this paper the steam pyrolysis of a pine and spruce wood mixture in a bubbling fluidized bed is investigated. Particularly, the effect of steam to biomass ratio and temperature in relation to products yields and composition has been studied. Products analyses indicate that steam presence affects the yields and composition of all the products (gas, char, liquid) and promotes oxygen removal from the liquid. Increased liquid yields with significantly lower amount of carboxylic acids and higher effective hydrogen index (EHI) were obtained, which makes them more suitable for further upgrading. The levoglucosan (LGA) concentration in the produced liquid is higher compared with conventional N2 pyrolysis, which suggests that steam pyrolylsis can be regarded as an alternative for production of fermentable sugars. Polycondensation reactions are hindered by steam presence while steam seems to act as a hydrogen donor; however, increased water content is a problem that has to be considered as well.
Problems related to immunosuppression. Infection and malignancy occurring after solid organ transplantation. (1990)

Renal transplantation is associated with many long-term complications caused by a combination of the patient's comorbid medical illnesses and the effects of the various maintenance immunosuppressive agents currently in use. Careful patient selection with an emphasis on adequate cardiovascular function and low maintenance doses of immunosuppression at a level compatible with graft acceptance should help to prevent significant long-term morbidity. Recurrence of the original renal disease is a common histologic finding but, except in a few diseases, rarely results in graft loss. Parenthood can be a reality for most patients who have excellent graft function.
Herbal Treatment for Renal Diseases (2005)

Renal fibrosis is a common consequence of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Standard therapy to prevent progression of CKD in western medicine includes dietary protein restriction, blood pressure control, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin receptor blockade. However, little is known about the renoprotective effects of Chinese herbal medicine. Cumulative evidence suggests that some Chinese herbal medicines, including Astragalus and a mixture of Astragalus plus Angelica, Ligusticum, Triptolide and Rhubarb, have a beneficial role in slowing the progression of CKD. This effect is multi-functional and multi-targeted, and is often associated with a reduction in proteinuria and the amelioration of dyslipidaemia, but not with changes in systemic blood pressure. These mechanisms include anti-inflammation and inhibition of TGF-b overproduction. On the other hand, some Chinese herbal medicines may be hazardous to patients with renal diseases. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the research of some Chinese herbs for pharmacological intervention of progressive renal diseases and kidney-related injuries.
Infection control in total parenteral nutrition (1973)

Infection is a significant hazard, and disseminated fungal infection has been a particularly frequent and dread complication of total parenteral nutrition. Rates of septicemia as high as 27% have been reported. A survey by the Center for Disease Control and a review of the literature indicate that the risk of infection can be substantially reduced if stringent infection control measures are practiced. Accordingly, the Center's Hospital Infections Section has developed infection control guidelines for total parenteral nutrition programs.
Wi-Fi-LAA coexistence: Design and evaluation of Listen Before Talk for LAA (2016)

With licensed spectrum at a premium, recent interest has shifted to investigating the possibility of utilizing unlicensed bands as a means of providing additional bandwidth. License assisted access (LAA) and Long Term Evolution-Unlicensed (LTE-U) are radio access technologies (RATs) aimed at providing carrier-grade wireless service in the 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum. Since Wi-Fi devices are widespread in the unlicensed space, it is important to ensure that any new technology deployed coexists fairly with Wi-Fi and other preexisting technologies that already occupy this space. At the heart of the Wi-Fi-LAA coexistence problem is the difference in channel access mechanisms for these two technologies; Wi-Fi is a contention based channel access scheme, while Long Term Evolution (LTE) is schedule-based. As a result, introducing an LTE system as is into the Wi-Fi space would likely result in LAA gradually taking over the channel and starving Wi-Fi of access. In this paper we focus on schemes to address this very issue. In particular, we will focus on various design aspects of Listen Before Talk (LBT) schemes for LAA that aim to emulate the contention based scheme in Wi-Fi as a means of providing equal opportunity channel access for both of these technologies. We consider and evaluate the impact of various design aspects on fairness through several key performance metrics. Our simulation results demonstrate that LBT when applied to LTE can ensure good Wi-Fi-LAA coexistence.
Phase-sensitive imaging of cold atoms at the shot-noise limit (2013)

We demonstrate simultaneous phase and amplitude imaging of cold atoms using an intrinsically stable interferometer based on polarization beam-displacers. This method allows for the straight-forward retrieval of absorption and phase-shift experienced by an optical probe transmitted through an atomic sample. Furthermore, we show that our technique has a signal-to-noise ratio limited only by photon shot-noise.
Stereospecific reduction and cross-coupling of .gamma.-monosubstituted allylic chlorides using coordinatively unsaturated palladium catalysts (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific reduction and cross-coupling of .gamma.-monosubstituted allylic chlorides using coordinatively unsaturated palladium catalystsMichael W. Hutzinger and Allan C. OehlschlagerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 8, 2918–2920Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00008a061RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (459 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Comparison of the inflammatory reaction to laser photolysis and conventional phacoemulsification. (2004)

Postoperative inflammatory response to laser photolysis was equal to conventional phacoemulsification, and recovery occurred in 3 months postoperatively.
Adjuvant therapy in rectal cancer. (1992)

Local failure in the pelvis following radical surgery for rectal cancer produces severe morbidity and responds poorly to subsequent therapy. Overall, 25% of rectal cancer patients will recur in the pelvis. The use of adjuvant pelvic radiation therapy combined with systemic chemotherapy is effective in reducing the incidence of local recurrence as well as subsequent distant metastases. Current clinical trials are evaluating various radiation-chemotherapy-surgical interactions as well as the most efficacious chemotherapy program.