gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Ralstonia metallidurans</i>, a bacterium specifically adapted to toxic metals: towards a catalogue of metal-responsive genes (2003)

Ralstonia metallidurans, formerly known as Alcaligenes eutrophus and thereafter as Ralstonia eutropha, is a beta-Proteobacterium colonizing industrial sediments, soils or wastes with a high content of heavy metals. The type strain CH34 carries two large plasmids (pMOL28 and pMOL30) bearing a variety of genes for metal resistance. A chronological overview describes the progress made in the knowledge of the plasmid-borne metal resistance mechanisms, the genetics of R. metallidurans CH34 and its taxonomy, and the applications of this strain in the fields of environmental remediation and microbial ecology. Recently, the sequence draft of the genome of R. metallidurans has become available. This allowed a comparison of these preliminary data with the published genome data of the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, which harbors a megaplasmid (of 2.1 Mb) carrying some metal resistance genes that are similar to those found in R. metallidurans CH34. In addition, a first inventory of metal resistance genes and operons across these two organisms could be made. This inventory, which partly relied on the use of proteomic approaches, revealed the presence of numerous loci not only on the large plasmids pMOL28 and pMOL30 but also on the chromosome. It suggests that metal-resistant Ralstonia, through evolution, are particularly well adapted to the harsh environments typically created by extreme anthropogenic situations or biotopes.
The Cratering Wear of Cemented Carbides in Relation to Carbon Contents in Tools and Machined Steels (1969)

The diffusion phenomena between cemented carbides and machined steels, and the cratering wear formed on the carbide tools during cutting of steels were investigated in relation to the carbon contents in both materials.The results obtained were as follows: (1) Three sorts of diffusion layers were generally observed, but low carbon WC–Co alloy/low carbon steel combinations resulted in appearance of a fourth layer consisting of M6C-type compound due to decarburization of the alloys. The formation of this compoud was markedly checked in WC–TaC–Co and WC–TiC–Co alloys, owing to the effect of tantalum carbide or the β (WC–TiC solid solution) phase acting as a source of carbon. (2) An abnormal increase of wear was observed only in the combination of low carbon WC–Co alloy tools/low carbon steels (or 18–8 stainless steel), due to the formation of that compound just below the cratered surface. In WC–TaC–Co and WC–TiC–Co alloy tools, this abnormal wear was naturally diminished. (3) Resistance to cratering of low carbon WC–TiC–Co alloy tools was superior to that of high carbon tools at a high cutting speed, because of the better mechanical properties at elevated temperatures (as expected from the binder phase composition). (4) It was concluded that the carbon content should be increased in cemented carbides at a low cutting speed, but it should be reduced in WC–TaC–Co or WC–TiC–Co alloys at a high cutting speed. Low carbon WC–TiC–Co alloy tools with particular structure were proved to be very useful for cutting stainless steels.
Review: <i>Perú: Problema y Posibilidad. Ensayo de una Síntesis de la Evolución Histórica del Perú</i>, by Jorge Basadre (1932)

Book Review| June 01 1932 Review Perú: Problema y Posibilidad. Ensayo de una Síntesis de la Evolución Histórica del PerúJorge Basadre Percy Alvin Martin Percy Alvin Martin Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (1932) 1 (2): 252–253. https://doi.org/10.2307/3633695 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Percy Alvin Martin; Review. Pacific Historical Review 1 June 1932; 1 (2): 252–253. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3633695 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1932 The Arthur H. Clark Company Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Extraction, chemical composition, and characterization of potential lignocellulosic biomasses and polymers from corn plant parts (2019)

Corn is a plant that can be used as a potential source of biomass for various biomaterial applications. Thermoplastic corn starch and corn hull, husk, and stalk fibers were extracted from different corn plant parts. The chemical composition, physical properties, thermal stability, crystallinity index, and surface morphology of the extracted samples were characterized on a powder basis. The corn husk and corn starch revealed an excellent combination of properties. Corn husk provided the highest cellulose content as well as the most favorable surface morphology. Corn starch revealed acceptable amylose content and tolerable thermal stability. The cellulose and starch demonstrated an excellent correlation between the function and structure of biomolecules. Hence, both corn starch and husk have potential for use in many applications of the biomaterial.
The technique of magnetic resonance fingerprinting and its latest development (2018)

<p indent="0mm">Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is a brand new MRI technology that features fast, quantitative, and simultaneous mapping of multiple MR and tissue properties, such as proton density, relaxation times and diffusion coefficients. In data acquisition, MRF employs a series of pseudo-randomized RF flip angles and repetition times to excite the spin system for a series of undersampled spatial images, forming a temporal MR signal evolution curves (named measured fingerprints) for each image voxel; on the other hand, a set of signal evolution curves are acquired theoretically by computer simulation and Bloch equation, with all foreseeable combination of tissue parameters (such as <italic>T</italic><sub>1</sub>, <italic>T</italic><sub>2</sub>, Proton density, etc) and using the same RF and TR series as in the real MR scan. All the calculated signals and their corresponding parameters constitute a database of fingerprints termed a dictionary. In image reconstruction, the measured fingerprints (i.e., the temporal evolutions of individual voxels of the undersampled images) are compared with the entries in the dictionary (i.e., the simulated theoretical signal evolutions with all possible tissue parameters), using pattern recognition and/or data mining, for the best matches; the tissue parameters corresponding to the best matched dictionary entry are determined for the corresponding voxels. Finally, the collection of these parameters are presented as parametric images, such as <italic>T</italic><sub>1</sub>-map, <italic>T</italic><sub>2</sub>-map, and PD-map, instead of <italic>T</italic><sub>1</sub>-weighted, <italic>T</italic><sub>2</sub>-weighted, or PD-weighted images. MRF technology breaks the limitation of the conventional, qualitative, motion-sensitive, and time-consuming MRI techniques. It also makes possible the sub-voxel parametric mapping. The multiparametric and quantitative features of MRF are in conformity with and will have great impact on modern model of precision and personalized medicine. This paper introduces the basic principles of MRF, provides detailed description and analysis for RF/TR series optimization, dictionary design, and signal reconstruction, and presents latest development in both the MRF technique and its application in biomedical research. We also discuss the challenges and future directions for MRF research and applications.
Predictive Efficacy of Low Burden EGFR Mutation Detected by Next-Generation Sequencing on Response to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma (2013)

Direct sequencing remains the most widely used method for the detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung cancer; however, its relatively low sensitivity limits its clinical use. The objective of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of detecting an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation from peptide nucleic acid-locked nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction (PNA-LNA PCR) clamp and Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) techniques compared to that by direct sequencing. Furthermore, the predictive efficacy of EGFR mutations detected by PNA-LNA PCR clamp was evaluated. EGFR mutational status was assessed by direct sequencing, PNA-LNA PCR clamp, and Ion Torrent PGM in 57 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated the predictive efficacy of PNA-LNA PCR clamp on the EGFR-TKI treatment in 36 patients with advanced NSCLC retrospectively. Compared to direct sequencing (16/57, 28.1%), PNA-LNA PCR clamp (27/57, 47.4%) and Ion Torrent PGM (26/57, 45.6%) detected more EGFR mutations. EGFR mutant patients had significantly longer progressive free survival (14.31 vs. 21.61 months, P = 0.003) than that of EGFR wild patients when tested with PNA-LNA PCR clamp. However, no difference in response rate to EGFR TKIs (75.0% vs. 82.4%, P = 0.195) or overall survival (34.39 vs. 44.10 months, P = 0.422) was observed between the EGFR mutations by direct sequencing or PNA-LNA PCR clamp. Our results demonstrate firstly that patients with EGFR mutations were detected more frequently by PNA-LNA PCR clamp and Ion Torrent PGM than those by direct sequencing. EGFR mutations detected by PNA-LNA PCR clamp may be as a predicative factor for EGFR TKI response in patients with NSCLC.
Differences in Health Complaints among Taiwanese Workers in Different Occupational Categories (2012)

The study merits attention in terms of prevention of health problems in the workplace by focusing on a set of physical symptoms and psychological distress (not merely morbidity). Occupational category should be taken into consideration when planning workplace health promotion. Our findings highlight the need for health promotion programs that specifically target office workers and managers.
The Saṁdeśa Rāsaka of Abdul Rahaman. Edited, with English translation, notes, etc., by Śri Jina Vijaya Muni and Harivallabh Bhayani (Singhi Jain Series, No. 22.) pp. 4, 14, 18, 106, 124; 4 plates Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1945, Rs. 7.8.0. (1948)

The Saṁdeśa Rāsaka of Abdul Rahaman. Edited, with English translation, notes, etc., by Śri Jina Vijaya Muni and Harivallabh Bhayani (Singhi Jain Series, No. 22.) pp. 4, 14, 18, 106, 124; 4 plates Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1945, Rs. 7.8.0. - Volume 12 Issue 2
An fNIR based BMI for letter construction using continuous control (2009)

A long term goal of assistive technology research is to build creative expression applications where subjects can extemporaneously express themselves. Sketch drawing is one form of creative expression. In this work, we demonstrate the usability of a brain-machine interface (BMI) for expression using a letter drawing task. We describe empirical results that represent a first step toward assistive applications for creative expression.
Optofluidic device for the quantification of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer (2017)

Metastatic cancer patients require a continuous monitoring during the sequential treatment cycles to carefully evaluate their disease evolution. Repetition of biopsies is very invasive and not always feasible. Herein, we design and demonstrate a 3D-flow focusing microfluidic device, where all optics are integrated into the chip, for the fluorescence quantification of CTCs in real samples. To test the chip performance, two cell membrane targets, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EpCAM, and the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase, HER2, are selected. The efficiency of the platform is demonstrated on cell lines and in a variety of healthy donors and metastatic-breast cancer patients.
Using workflows to coordinate Web services in pervasive computing environments (2004)

Pervasive computing environments augment physical spaces with a large number of devices and services that help users perform different kinds of tasks. Users in these environments interact with one or more Web services using various devices to achieve their goals. One of the problems in these environments is discovering and coordinating different Web services for achieving the user's goals. Users may not be aware of which services and devices are available in an unfamiliar environment and how to interact with them in order to achieve their goals. In order to simplify a user's interaction with the environment, we present a novel approach of modeling and managing a user's interaction with the environment based on workflows. We have built a prototype, using the popular business workflow language (BPEL) that models various processes in pervasive environments as workflows. We found that this approach improves the usability of these environments. It also increases flexibility in changing the model of interaction without having to touch individual services and applications. This approach is particularly useful in helping visitors in public spaces like malls, museums, supermarkets and hospitals.
Purification and Characterization of Chick Embryo Interferon (1963)

SummaryChick embryo interferon was purified from allantoic fluid of embryonated eggs infected with influenza A virus. Purification consisted essentially of acid precipitation to remove virus and extraneous protein, concentration and purification by precipitation with Zn++, column chromatography on CM-cellulose, and zone ionophoresis on pevikon. The interferon was purified 4500 times with respect to initial protein and one unit of interferon activity was 0.0042 μg protein in the chick embryo cell-EEE virus assay system used. Interferon was found to be a slightly basic protein of low molecular weight and free of nucleic acid as well as constituents giving absorption in the visible spectrum. A trace amount of carbohydrate was found. Detailed findings in the analyses are presented. The striking difference in properties of interferon from those described heretofore by other workers appears to lie in previous failure of purification. Both crude and purified chick interferon were active in suppressing Rous sarcoma development and NDV virus infection in susceptible chicks but were without therapeutic effect.
N-Linked Glycosylation Supports Cross-Talk between Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and Androgen Receptor (2013)

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-associated deaths in men and signalling via a transcription factor called androgen receptor (AR) is an important driver of the disease. Androgen treatment is known to affect the expression and activity of other oncogenes including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). In this study we report that AR-positive prostate cancer cell-lines express 50% higher levels of enzymes in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) than AR-negative prostate cell-lines. HBP produces hexosamines that are used by endoplasmic reticulum and golgi enzymes to glycosylate proteins targeted to plasma-membrane and secretion. Inhibition of O-linked glycosylation by ST045849 or N-linked glycosylation with tunicamycin decreased cell viability by 20%. In addition, tunicamycin inhibited the androgen-induced expression of AR target genes KLK3 and CaMKK2 by 50%. RTKs have been shown to enhance AR activity and we used an antibody array to identify changes in the phosphorylation status of RTKs in response to androgen stimulation. Hormone treatment increased the activity of Insulin like Growth Factor 1-Receptor (IGF-1R) ten-fold and this was associated with a concomitant increase in the N-linked glycosylation of the receptor, analyzed by lectin enrichment experiments. Glycosylation is known to be important for the processing and stability of RTKs. Inhibition of N-linked glycosylation resulted in accumulation of IGF-1R pro-receptor with altered mobility as shown by immunoprecipitation. Confocal imaging revealed that androgen induced plasma-membrane localization of IGF-1R was blocked by tunicamycin. In conclusion we have established that the glycosylation of IGF-1R is necessary for the full activation of the receptor in response to androgen treatment and that perturbing this process can break the feedback loop between AR and IGF-1R activation in prostate cells. Achieving similar results selectively in a clinical setting will be an important challenge in the future.
The Influence of Vehicle Installation in the Design of Chassis Mounted Coolers (1985)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The influence of the vehicle installation in the design of chassis-mounted charge air coolers is examined in terms of its effect on both the performance and unit integrity of the cooler. Among the areas explored are mounting arrangements, bracket design, ducting and manifold design, and cooling air flow optimization.</div>
The liver stage of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> inhibits host cell apoptosis (2005)

Plasmodium berghei is the causative agent of rodent malaria and is widely used as a model system to study the liver stage of Plasmodium parasites. The entry of P. berghei sporozoites into hepatocytes has extensively been studied, but little is known about parasite-host interaction during later developmental stages of the intracellular parasite. Growth of the parasite far beyond the normal size of the host cell is an important stress factor for the infected cell. Cell stress is known to trigger programmed cell death (apoptosis) and we examined several apoptotic markers in P. berghei-infected cells and compared their level of expression and their distribution to that of non-infected cells. As none of the apoptotic markers investigated were found altered in infected cells, we hypothesized that parasite infection might confer resistance to apoptosis of the host cell. Treatment with peroxide or serum deprivation induced apoptosis in non-infected HepG2 cells, whereas P. berghei-infected cells appeared protected, indicating that the parasite interferes indeed with the apoptotic machinery of the host cell. To prove the physiological relevance of these results, mice were infected with high numbers of P. berghei sporozoites and treated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha/D-galactosamine to induce massive liver apoptosis. Liver sections of these mice, stained for degraded DNA, confirmed that infected cells containing viable parasites were protected from programmed cell death. However, in non-treated control mice as well as in TNF-alpha-treated mice a small proportion of dead intracellular parasites with degraded DNA were detected. Most hepatocytes containing dead parasites provoked an infiltration of immunocompetent cells, indicating that these cells are no longer protected from cell death.
PEST BIRD DAMAGE CONTROL IN CATTLE FEEDLOTS: THE INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH (1976)

The past 15 years has seen considerable changes in the research environment. These changes include the development of new sophisticated genetic and genomic technologies, a proliferation of databases containing large amount of genotypic and phenotypic data, and wide-spread data sharing among many institutions, nationally and internationally. These changes have raised new questions regarding how best to protect the participants of biobanking research. In response to these questions, best practices for addressing the legal, ethical, and social issues of biobanking have been developed. In addition, new ethical guidelines related to biobanking have been established, as well as new regulations regarding privacy and human subject protections. Finally, changes in the science and the research environment have raised complex ethical issues related to biobanking, such as questions about the most appropriate consent models to use for biobanking research, commercial use and ownership issues, and whether and how to return individual research results to biobank participants. This article reviews some of the developments over the past 15 years related to the ELSI of biobanking with a look toward the future.
Immune dysfunction in mice with plasmacytomas. I. Evidence that transforming growth factor-beta contributes to the altered expression of activation receptors on host B lymphocytes (1991)

Plasmacytoma-bearing mice (PC-mice) develop a polyclonal B cell immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by marked impairment of: a) primary antibody responses and b) proliferative responses to B cell mitogens. The present investigations used two-color flow cytometry to examine B lymphocytes from the spleens and lymph nodes of PC-mice and found decreased surface membrane expression of surface IgM (sIgM), transferrin receptors (TfR) and IgE FcR (CD23), increased expression of class II MHC, but normal expression of B220, Mel-14, Fc gamma RII, and Fc mu R. These changes were not related to the H chain class or the amount of Ig produced by the plasmacytoma. When cultured with IL-4, B lymphocytes from PC-mice increased their expression of sIgM and class II MHC, but not of CD23. Several findings implicate transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in the mechanism that modulates receptor expression on B lymphocytes in PC-mice: a) ascites fluid from PC-mice contains large quantities of TGF-beta 1; b) supernatants of cultured spleen cells from PC mice contain up to eightfold more TGF-beta than is found with normal spleen cells; c) cloned plasmacytoma cells produce TGF-beta in vitro; and d) the abnormal phenotype of B cells from PC-mice, i.e., decreased CD23, sIgM, and TfR, and increased class II MHC, is induced on normal B cells cultured in the presence of TGF-beta 1. Because sIgM, TfR, class II MHC, and CD23 are molecules that play fundamental roles in the activation of normal B cells, their modulation by TGF-beta 1: a) identifies molecular mechanisms that could account for some of the known immunosuppressive properties of TGF-beta 1 and b) implicates TGF-beta in the pathogenesis of the polyclonal B cell immunodeficiency that is characteristic of plasma cell tumors.
Photoselection spectrometer by a simple modification of a luminescence spectrometer (1981)

A microprocessor-controlled L-format photoselection spectrometer has been developed. A simple modification of a standard luminescence spectrometer by addition of a rotating chopper allows polarization values to be determined with a precision limited only by counting statistics.