gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molten salt thermal energy storage systems. Project 8981, final report (1978)

The feasibility of storing thermal energy at temperatures of 450/sup 0/ to 535/sup 0/C (850/sup 0/ to 1000/sup 0/F) in the form of latent heat of fusion has been examined for over 30 inorganic salts and salt mixtures. Alkali carbonate mixtures are attractive as phase-change storage materials in this temperature range because of their relatively high storage capacity and thermal conductivity, moderate cost, low volumetric expansion upon melting, low corrosivity, and good chemical stability. An equimolar mixture of Li/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ and K/sub 2/CO/sub 3/, which melts at 505/sup 0/C with a latent heat of 148 Btu/lb, was chosen for experimental study. The cyclic charge/discharge behavior of laboratory- and engineering-scale systems was determined and compared with predictions based on a mathematical heat-transfer model that was developed during this program. The thermal performance of one engineering-scale unit remained very stable during 1400 hours of cyclic operation. Several means of improving heat conduction through the solid salt were explored. Areas requiring further investigation have been identified.
CHEMOIMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS (1933)

The soluble specific substance of Pneumococcus Type I has been chemically isolated from the bacterial cells and from autolyzed cultures as an acetyl polysaccharide. So far as could be determined by the methods employed, the acetyl polysaccharide in highly purified form absorbs from Type I antipneumococcus serum all demonstrable type-specific precipitins, agglutinins and protective antibodies. Mice injected intraperitoneally with minute quantities of the acetyl polysaccharide develop active immunity to subsequent infection with Pneumococcus Type I. The immunity thus induced is type-specific. In several instances purpura has been observed in mice following the injection of larger amounts of the acetyl polysaccharide. Under the experimental conditions of this study, no type-specific precipitins, agglutinins or protective antibodies were demonstrable in the serum of rabbits following repeated intravenous injections of the Type I acetyl polysaccharide. The treated rabbits were not immune to subsequent infection with Pnemnococcus Type I. The acetyl polysaccharide is readily converted into its deacetylated derivative by treatment with dilute alkali. The chemical and immunological properties of the deacetylated polysaccharide are identical with those of the soluble specific substance in the chemical form in which it was originally isolated; the deacetylated form of the specific carbohydrate is non-antigenic, does not produce purpura in mice, and only incompletely absorbs the type-specific antibodies from Type I antipneumococcus serum. The immunological significance of the acetyl polysaccharide and its possible relationship to the specific substances isolated from Pneumococcus Type I by other workers are discussed.
The Indigenous Paleolithic of the Western Hemisphere. PAULETTE F. C. STEEVES. 2021. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. xxvii + 294 pp. $65.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-4962-0217-8. (2022)

The Indigenous Paleolithic of the Western Hemisphere. PAULETTE F. C. STEEVES. 2021. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. xxvii + 294 pp. $65.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-4962-0217-8. - Volume 87 Issue 3
Rho-dependent Rho Kinase Activation Increases CD44 Surface Expression and Bone Resorption in Osteoclasts (2003)

Osteoclasts from osteopontin-deficient mice exhibit decreased CD44 surface expression [corrected]. Osteopontin (OPN)/alphavbeta3 generated Rho signaling pathway is required for the surface expression of CD44. In this work we show the Rho effector, Rho kinase (ROK-alpha), to be a potent activator of CD44 surface expression. ROK-alpha activation was associated with autophosphorylation, leading to its translocation to the plasma membrane, as well as its association with CD44. ROK-alpha promoted CD44 surface expression through phosphorylation of CD44 and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins and CD44.ERM.actin complex formation. Osteoclasts from OPN-/- mice exhibited an approximately 55-60% decrease in basal level ROK-alpha phosphorylation as compared with wild type osteoclasts. Furthermore, RhoVal-14 transduction was only partially effective in stimulating ROK-alpha/CD44 phosphorylation, as well as CD44 surface expression, in these osteoclasts. Studies on the inhibition of Rho by C3 transferase or ROK-alpha by the specific inhibitor, Y-27632, showed a decrease in the phosphorylation mediated by ROK-alpha and CD44 surface expression. Neutralizing antibodies to alphav, beta3, or CD44 inhibited the migration and bone resorption of wild type osteoclasts. However, only anti-alphav or -beta3 antibodies blocked OPN-induced phosphorylation of ROK-alpha, CD44, and the ERM proteins. Our results strongly suggest a role for ROK-alpha in alphavbeta3-mediated Rho signaling, which is required for the phosphorylation events and CD44 surface expression. The functional deficiencies in the Rho effector(s) because of the lack of OPN were associated with decreased CD44 surface expression and hypomotility in the OPN-/- osteoclasts. Finally, we find that cooperativity exists between alphavbeta3 and CD44 for osteoclast motility and bone resorption.
Diverse injurious stimuli reduce protein tyrosine phosphatase-μ expression and enhance epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in human airway epithelia (2011)

In response to injury, airway epithelia utilize an epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) signaling program to institute repair and restitution. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) counterregulate EGFR autophosphorylation and downstream signaling. PTPμ is highly expressed in lung epithelia and can be localized to intercellular junctions where its ectodomain homophilically interacts with PTPμ ectodomain expressed on neighboring cells. We asked whether PTPμ expression might be altered in response to epithelial injury and whether altered PTPμ expression might influence EGFR signaling. In A549 cells, diverse injurious stimuli dramatically reduced PTPμ protein expression. Under basal conditions, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-induced silencing of PTPμ increased EGFR Y992 and Y1068 phosphorylation. In the presence of EGF, PTPμ knockdown increased EGFR Y845, Y992, Y1045, Y1068, Y1086, and Y1173 but not Y1148 phosphorylation. Reduced PTPμ expression increased EGF-stimulated phosphorylation of Y992, a docking site for phospholipase C (PLC)γ(1), activation of PLCγ(1) itself, and increased cell migration in both wounding and chemotaxis assays. In contrast, overexpression of PTPμ decreased EGF-stimulated EGFR Y992 and Y1068 phosphorylation. Therefore, airway epithelial injury profoundly reduces PTPμ expression, and PTPμ depletion selectively increases phosphorylation of specific EGFR tyrosine residues, PLCγ(1) activation, and cell migration, providing a novel mechanism through which epithelial integrity may be restored.
Lysine-Chloride Interactions in the Growing Chick , (1981)

Nutritional interactions between dietary chloride and lysine in the young chick were investigated. Chloride, varying over four levels from .44 to 1.84% of the diet, was included in diets containing limiting (.7%) or adequate (1.1%) levels of lysine. Increasing chloride in diets containing either level of lysine resulted in a depression of growth rate and feed consumption (P less than .01). The efficiency of feed utilization for growth was significantly lowered only when chicks were fed diets containing the highest level of chloride (P less than .05). Plasma lysine concentrations were greater in chicks fed the lysine adequate diet; plasma arginine was unchanged. Plasma lysine and arginine concentrations were unaffected by chloride. In a second experiment chicks were fed a lysine deficient (.7%), lysine adequate (1.2%), high lysine (2.5%), or high lysine (2.5%) high arginine (2.3%) diet with varying levels of chloride. Increasing dietary chloride depressed weight gains. This effect was most dramatic in those chicks fed the high lysine diet. Increasing dietary arginine alleviated the effect of chloride in the high lysine diet. Plasma sodium and potassium were unaffected by dietary lysine and chloride levels. Plasma chloride tended to be greater in chicks receiving high chloride diets and were highest in chicks fed the high lysine diet. We conclude that dietary chloride does not influence the lysine requirement of chicks but exacerbates the lysine-arginine antagonism.
Allergic Fungal Sinusitis<i>Report of Three Cases Associated with Dematiaceous Fungi</i> (1991)

Most reported cases of allergic sinusitis have been attributed to Aspergillus, based on the morphologic features of the organisms in tissue sections. However, in most cases, cultures have not been done. This is a report of three cases of non-Aspergillus allergic fungal sinusitis. The patients' ages were 11, 16, and 43; two were male and one was female. Histopathologic study disclosed fungal organisms resembling Aspergillus. However, cultures of these patients' nasal secretions grew Drechslera, Exserohilum, and Bipolaris fungal organisms. The non-Aspergillus nature of these infections was further supported by positive Fontana-Masson melanin staining. The authors conclude that allergic fungal sinusitis most likely results from non- Aspergillus organisms. For definitive fungal identification, tissue culture is mandatory. When tissue is not cultured or no organisms grow, a Fontana-Masson stain can be a useful adjunct in fungal identification.
A 60 GHz Radio-Over-Fiber Network Architecture for Seamless Communication With High Mobility (2009)

We demonstrate a 60 GHz broadband picocellular Radio-over-Fiber network architecture that enables seamless connectivity for highly mobile end-users. Its seamless communication capabilities arise by the supported handover scheme that relies on a novel Moving Extended Cell (MEC) concept. MEC exploits user-centric virtual groups of adjacent cells that transmit the same data content to the user and utilizes a switch mechanism for restructuring the virtual multi-cell area according to the user's mobility pattern, so that a virtual antenna group moves together with the mobile user. We present the theoretical formulation for MEC and show that it can provide zero packet loss and call dropping probability values in high-rate wireless services for a broad range of mobile speeds up to 40 m/sec, independently of the fiber link distances. We also demonstrate the physical layer network architecture and switch mechanism both for a RoF network with a single 60 GHz radio frequency (RF) over each wavelength, as well as for a RoF configuration supporting simultaneous multi-RF channel transmission over each optical wavelength. The performance of the multi-RF-over-lambda network implementation is evaluated via simulations showing successful 100 Mb/s radio signal transmission over fiber links longer than 30 km. To this end, MEC can enable seamless connectivity and bandwidth guarantees in 60 GHz picocellular RoF networks being also capable of serving multiple users over the same wavelength in a RF frequency-division-multiplexed (FDM) approach.
An approach to integrate workflow modeling and organization modeling in an enterprise (2002)

In this paper we introduce a framework for enterprise modeling. We specifically introduce the tasks process modeling (workflow modeling) and organization modeling. Processes describe the activities which have to be performed in an enterprise; an organization describes the people and organizational structure of an enterprise. Although these two tasks are independent in principle, they have to be integrated eventually in order to assign organizational elements (e.g. people) to processes. This paper presents a general model for process and organization modeling and shows a script language of a prototype system. The architecture of that prototype is briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dissecting interactions between EB1, microtubules and APC in cortical clusters at the plasma membrane (2002)

End-binding protein (EB) 1 binds to the C-terminus of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein and to the plus ends of microtubules (MT) and has been implicated in the regulation of APC accumulation in cortical clusters at the tip of extending membranes. We investigated which APC domains are involved in cluster localization and whether binding to EB1 or MTs is essential for APC cluster localization. Armadillo repeats of APC that lack EB1- and MT-binding domains are necessary and sufficient for APC localization in cortical clusters; an APC fragment lacking the armadillo repeats, but containing MT- and EB1-binding domains, does not localize to the cortical clusters but instead co-aligns with MTs throughout the cell. Significantly, analysis of endogenous proteins reveals that EB1 does not accumulate in the APC clusters. However, overexpressed EB1 does accumulate in APC clusters; the APC-binding domain in EB1 is located in the C-terminal region of EB1 between amino acids 134 and 268. Overexpressed APC- or MT-binding domains of EB1 localize to APC cortical clusters and MT, respectively, without affecting APC cluster formation itself. These results show that localization of APC in cortical clusters is different from that of EB1 at MT plus ends and appears to be independent of EB1.
Surgical result of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: report of 57 cases (2000)

目的 报告57例细支气管-肺泡细胞癌(BAC)的外科治疗效果.方法 本组UICC分期:Ⅰ期31例,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲa期11例,Ⅲb期3例;行肺叶切除40例,全肺切除11例,楔形切除3例.结果 无手术死亡.术后1、3、5年生存率分别为80.7%、54.6%、36.5%.Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期病人术后5年生存率明显高于Ⅲ期者(P＜0.05).结论 早期诊断、早期手术治疗和综合治疗是提高BAC生存率的关键.
Isolation of repeated DNA sequences from <i>Lophopyrum elongatum</i> for detection of <i>Lophopyrum</i> chromatin in wheat genomes (1990)

Species of the genus Lophopyrum are closely related to the genus Triticum and have been extensively used in wheat breeding. To facilitate the detection of the Lophopyrum chromatin in wheat, two repeated nucleotide sequences were isolated from L. elongatum (Host) Löve (= Agropyron elongatum Host, Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski), which hybridized strongly with the DNAs of Lophopyrum species but weakly (pLeUCD1) or essentially not at all (pLeUCD2) with those of Triticum species. Both sequences were shown to be on all chromosomes of L. elongatum. Each chromosome arm of L. elongatum showed a unique pattern of restriction fragments hybridizing with pLeUCD2. The analysis of chromosomes recombinant between chromosome arm 3AgL of L. ponticum (Podp.) Löve and chromosome arm 3DL of wheat (T. aestivum L.) showed that regional heterogeneity of the pLeUCD2 family occurs also within the arm. It was demonstrated that this heterogeneity can be exploited for identification of Lophopyrum chromatin in wheat and mapping of crossover points in Lophopyrum–wheat recombinant chromosomes by Southern blot analysis.Key words: concerted evolution, Triticum, gene transfer.
A simplified workflow for monoclonal antibody sequencing (2019)

The diversity of antibody variable regions makes cDNA sequencing challenging, and conventional monoclonal antibody cDNA amplification requires the use of degenerate primers. Here, we describe a simplified workflow for amplification of IgG antibody variable regions from hybridoma RNA by a specialized RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. We perform three separate reactions for each hybridoma: one each for kappa, lambda, and heavy chain transcripts. We prime reverse transcription with a primer specific to the respective constant region and use a template-switch oligonucleotide, which creates a custom sequence at the 5' end of the antibody cDNA. This template-switching circumvents the issue of low sequence homology and the need for degenerate primers. Instead, subsequent PCR amplification of the antibody cDNA molecules requires only two primers: one primer specific for the template-switch oligonucleotide sequence and a nested primer to the respective constant region. We successfully sequenced the variable regions of five mouse monoclonal IgG antibodies using this method, which enabled us to design chimeric mouse/human antibody expression plasmids for recombinant antibody production in mammalian cell culture expression systems. All five recombinant antibodies bind their respective antigens with high affinity, confirming that the amino acid sequences determined by our method are correct and demonstrating the high success rate of our method. Furthermore, we also designed RT-PCR primers and amplified the variable regions from RNA of cells transfected with chimeric mouse/human antibody expression plasmids, showing that our approach is also applicable to IgG antibodies of human origin. Our monoclonal antibody sequencing method is highly accurate, user-friendly, and very cost-effective.
On the Robustness of Interpretability Methods (2018)

We argue that robustness of explanations---i.e., that similar inputs should give rise to similar explanations---is a key desideratum for interpretability. We introduce metrics to quantify robustness and demonstrate that current methods do not perform well according to these metrics. Finally, we propose ways that robustness can be enforced on existing interpretability approaches.
AMMONIUM REMOVAL BY ION EXCHANGE: USING BIOLOGICALLY RESTORED REGENERANT (1979)

Nitrogen in the ammonia form can have deleterious effects including accelerated eu trophication of lakes, dissolved oxygen (do) depletion in receiving waters, and fish toxicity. Ammonia also reacts with chlorine used for disinfection in wastewater treatment to pro duce chlor amines. Chloramines are less effec tive disinfectants and are toxic to aquatic life in the receiving waters. Ion exchange has been demonstrated to be competitive with other methods of ammonia removal.1 However, the cost of chemical re generation of clinoptilolite remains high and represents more than 50 to 60% of the total process costs even with r?g?n?rant reuse.1 In an effort to find a more economical means
Spatio-temporal data reduction with deterministic error bounds (2003)

A common way of storing spatio-temporalinformation about mobile devices is in the form of a 3D (2D geography + time) trajectory. We argue that when cellular phones and Personal Digital Assistants become location-aware, the size of the spatio-temporal information generated may prohibit efficient processing. We propose to adopt a technique studied in computer graphics, namely line-simplification, as an approximation technique to solve this problem. Line simplification uses a distance function in producing the trajectory approximation. We postulate the desiderata for such a distance: it should be sound, namely the error of the answers to spatio-temporal queries must be bounded. We analyze several distances, and prove that some are sound in this sense for some types of queries, while others are not. Interestingly, not a single distance analyzed proves to be sound for all the common spatio-temporal queries, and therefore multi-distance line-simplification is introduced and analyzed. Then we propose an aging mechanism which gradually shrinks the size of the trajectories as time progresses. Finally, we analyze experimentally the effectiveness of line-simplification in reducing the size of a trajectories database.
Proportional unequal error protection for MPEG-4 video transmission (2002)

Considering the limitations due to channel impairments on the transmission of MPEG-4 video over error prone channels, a technique to apply unequal error protection (UEP) for the MPEG-4 video bitstream is proposed, where UEP is performed through rate compatible punctured convolutional codes (RCPC), with rates chosen according to the perceived importance of bits. The data partitioning tool available in the MPEG-4 standard is exploited, in order to provide a stronger protection for the most significant partitions. The main problem in the application of such a scheme is the fact that packets, like partitions, are not the same length, thus the UEP scheme should be dynamically changed for each packet and the knowledge of each partition length is required. In order to cope with this problem, proportional unequal error protection (P-UEP) is proposed: as the length of each field is not known at the receiver, a proportional scheme may be used, given the length of the packet. The possibility of considering different code rates for the protection of different frames is also proposed: I frames and P frames may be coded with different rates according to their different structure and sensitivity to channel errors.
Superferric Magnet Option for the SSC (1985)

The basic design for the SSC started at Snowmass in the summer of 1982. The premise is that a superferric SSC has the potential to be simple, reliable, inexpensive and provide future flexibility. A concentrated effort began in March of 1984 when the Texas Accelerator Center was formed. The Texas Accelerator Center is a group of about 50 people divided into three areas of research, a calculations group working on beam dynamics, an R and D group working on superconducting magnets, and an R and D group working on new accelerator ideas including a proton linac and a plasma-laser accelerator. This paper will emphasize the work on the superferric magnet R and D.
Development of Multisample Biological Immunoassay System Using HTS SQUID and Magnetic Nanoparticles (2005)

We developed a prototype magnetic immunoassay system using a high temperature superconductor (HTS) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) to investigate the performance and usability of the magnetic immunoassay. The system is designed to measure multiple samples and liquid samples, and it can work in an unshielded environment at a medical facility. To reduce the disturbance from environmental noise, the SQUID and samples are covered with three-layers of permalloy magnetic shield. The SQUID and magnetic shield are set in an aluminum box which acts as an RF shield. A gradiometer with a 5 /spl times/ 10 mm pickup coil, which is cooled by liquid nitrogen through a sapphire/Cu rod, is used as a sensor. We also developed a nonmagnetic sample disk with 12 reaction cells and examined 12 samples in one measurement sequence. The measurement process is controlled by a computer, which perform data averaging. Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ nanoparticles with a 25-nm diameter were used as test samples. After applying a magnetic field of about 0.1 T, we measured the remanent magnetic field from the Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ nanoparticles. The present system could detect 30 pg of Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ nanoparticles. This result was obtained by averaging 100 trials under an unshielded laboratory environment. The measurement time for 100 trials was only 100 s.
Domangart and Arthur (1948)

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