gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of BamHI polymorphism at the THRB gene (1991)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of BamHI polymorphism at the THRB gene Get access P.S. Ganly, P.S. Ganly Medical Research Council Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapeutics Unit, Medical Research Council CentreHills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P.H. Rabbitts P.H. Rabbitts Medical Research Council Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapeutics Unit, Medical Research Council CentreHills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Issue 13, 11 July 1991, Page 3757, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/19.13.3757-a Published: 11 July 1991
A Note on the Bernoulli Two-Armed Bandit Problem (1974)

Suppose the arms of a two-armed bandit generate i.i.d. Bernoulli random variables with success probabilities $\rho$ and $\lambda$ respectively. It is desired to maximize the expected sum of $N$ trials where $N$ is fixed. If the prior distribution of $(\rho, \lambda)$ is concentrated at two points $(a, b)$ and $(c, d)$ in the unit square, a characterization of the optimal policy is given. In terms of $a, b, c$, and $d$, necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the optimality of the myopic policy.
Identification of a multimer resolution system involved in stabilization of the Salmonella dublin virulence plasmid pSDL2 (1991)

The Salmonella dublin virulence plasmid pSDL2 is a low-copy-number plasmid that is highly conserved in its host. Deletion of the 8-kb EcoRI C fragment downstream of the virulence region leads to plasmid instability and formation of multimers. We identified a multimer resolution system in the EcoRI C fragment composed of a trans-acting resolvase gene and a cis-acting resolution site. The resolvase gene, rsd, maps within a 2-kb EcoRV fragment and appears to be part of a multicistronic unit together with at least two other genes of unknown function. The derived protein, 28.7-kDa in size, is almost identical to the D protein of miniF. The C-terminal region was shown to have substantial similarity to the conserved C-terminal domains of the site-specific recombinases of the integrase family. The cis-acting resolution site, crs, is located upstream of rsd within a 628-bp SmaI-HpaI fragment. It contains eight direct incomplete 17-bp repeats followed by a segment rich in indirect repeats, the latter being homologous to the oriV1 sequence of miniF. crs contains the crossover site for specific recombination and mediates bidirectional promoter activity. A replicative function in analogy to that of oriV1 of F could not be demonstrated. The multimer resolution system was shown to stabilize pACYC184 and is dependent on the recA-mediated formation of multimeric plasmids. Screening different Salmonella serovars with a pSDL2-specific recombination assay revealed that only strains harboring a virulence plasmid encode for resolvase activity. Our results suggest that site-specific recombination contributes to the stable inheritance of pSDL2 and other Salmonella virulence plasmids.
An improved preparation of the avermectin disaccharide unit (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn improved preparation of the avermectin disaccharide unitTimothy A. Blizzard, Gaye Marino, Helmut Mrozik, and Michael H. FisherCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 7, 1756–1757Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00268a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00268a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Promoción turística a través del sector audiovisual. El caso de Canarias (1998)

El cine ha posibilitado desde su nacimiento, en 1895, la divulgación por todo el mundo de imágenes de los lugares más célebres y remotos del planeta. En España, principalmente durante la dictadura de Primo de Rivera, la producción de filmes por provincias iría en incremento. Concretamente en Canarias, por aquel entonces, comenzaba a tomarse conciencia del poder que tenía la gran pantalla como medio de promoción turística. Pero no existió el suficiente apoyo institucional, por lo que serían los documentales realizados por empresas privadas -en su mayoría foráneas- los que contribuirían a difundir las primeras imágenes de estas islas en el exterior. Las películas de ficción y los documentales antiguos no siempre ofrecieron un retrato positivo del archipiélago, al igual que ocurriría mucho más tarde con algunos reportajes y programas difundidos por televisión, aunque estos son sólo casos aislados. La mayoría de las veces su aportación a la promoción de Canarias ha sido significativa. Destacan, sobre todo, las películas de argumento (cinematográficas y televisuales de directores de diferentes nacionalidades) que situaban la acción real en las islas y en las que se narraban historias protagonizadas por grupos de veraneantes. No obstante, la mayor parte de los largometrajes más famosos internacionalmente utilizaron las variadas localizaciones de este territorio para representar otros lugares. Aún así, la publicación de artículos en la prensa extranjera sobre el desarrollo de los rodajes favorecería la divulgación de sus singularidades. Además de este tipo de promoción indirecta, las instituciones canarias han venido realizando desde principios de la década de los noventa originales campañas de promoción a través del sector audiovisual de demostrada eficacia. Asimismo, la calidad de las producciones cinematográficas realizadas por canarios en los últimos años ha posibilitado que hayan sido seleccionadas en numerosos festivales donde se les ha otorgado premios, favoreciendo la comercialización e exhibición de estos productos fuera sus fronteras.
Optical generation of rapidly tunable millimeter wave subcarrier (2003)

Several applications, such as frequency chirped lidar-radar systems, optical/wireless communications and biomedical imaging, require optical transmitters that can generate rapidly tunable, low phase noise and low intensity noise millimeter wave sub-carriers. Using an electro-optic Nd:LiNbO/sub 3/ microchip laser in an optical heterodyning scheme, we designed a simple, robust, monolithic and low-cost optical transmitter, that can generate tunable sub-carriers from DC to 50 GHz. Furthermore, we demonstrate that due to the unique approach, whereby the tuning and lasing occur within the same crystal, the dynamics of the tuning process are fast.
A Quencher-Tether-Ligand Probe and Its Application in Biosensor Based on Conjugated Polymer (2008)

Water-soluble conjugated polymers (CPs) are a versatile class of advanced organic materials with excellent photochemistry properties. Using a biotin-modified fluorescence quencher (quencher-tether-ligand, QTL) to specifically sense the presence of avidin based on CP is of great importance. However, the nonspecific interactions between various proteins and CPs greatly baffle the studies of the mechanism and applications of CP-based biosensors. We selected luminescent ruthenium(II) polypyridine biotin complex (Ru-biotin) as a proper probe, which can not only work as a fluorescent quencher but also produces fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with anionic water-soluble CP (poly[5-methoxy-2-(3-sulfopropoxy)-1,4-phenylenecinylene] (MPS-PPV)). As the emission peak of Ru-biotin produced by FRET cannot be infected by nonspecific proteins, we discussed the MPS-PPV/Ru-biotin/avidin biosensing mechanism based on the fluorescence spectra changes of polymer and Ru-biotin and consequently realized the rapid and specific detection of avidin.
Biosynthesis, primary structure and molecular cloning of snowdrop (<i>Galanthus nivalis</i> L.) lectin (1991)

Poly(A)-rich RNA isolated from ripening ovaries of snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis L.) yielded a single 17-kDa lectin polypeptide upon translation in a wheat-germ cell-free system. This lectin was purified by affinity chromatography. Translation of the same RNA in Xenopus leavis oocytes revealed a lectin polypeptide which was about 2 kDa smaller than the in vitro synthesized precursor, suggesting that the oocyte system had removed a 2-kDa signal peptide. A second post-translational processing step was likely to be involved since both the in vivo precursor and the Xenopus translation products were about 2 kDa larger than the mature lectin polypeptide. This hypothesis was confirmed by the structural analysis of the amino acid sequence of the mature protein and the cloned mRNA. Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase Y digestion of the mature protein, and structural analysis of the peptides obtained after chemical cleavage and modification, allowed determination of the complete 105 amino acid sequence of the snowdrop lectin polypeptide. Comparison of this sequence with the deduced amino acid sequence of a lectin cDNA clone revealed that besides the mature lectin polypeptide, the lectin mRNA also encoded a 23 amino acid signal-sequence and a C-terminal extension of 29 amino acids, which confirms the results from in vitro translation experiments.
A multi-region fuzzy logic controller for controlling processes with nonlinear gains (2002)

A multi-region fuzzy logic controller is proposed for nonlinear process control. Based on prior knowledge, the process to be controlled is divided in fuzzy regions using an auxiliary process variable. Then a fuzzy controller is designed based on the regional information. Rule combination and controller tuning are discussed. The application of the controller to pH control is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
NetVis: A network security management visualization tool based on treemap (2010)

With the rapid development of Internet and the expanding application fields of network applications, it is not enough to maintain the network security only depend on those professional network technical administrators. In this paper a novel visualization tool based on treemap, which is called NetVis, is introduced to bind the network security technique and general network management together in an integrated visualization. NetVis is designed in 2D view. The experiments show that NetVis can not only detect the abnormal activities in the network, but also make the network management more intuitive and efficient.
Automatic alignment of myocardial perfusion images with contrast cardiac Tomography (2010)

Explicit fusion of perfusion data from Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) with coronary artery anatomy from Computed Tomographic Coronary Angiography (CTCA) has been shown to improve the diagnostic yield for coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to either modality alone. However, most clinically available methods were developed for multimodal scanners or require interactive alignment prior to display and analysis. A new approach was developed to register and display the two distributions obtained either from a single multimodal imager or from separate scanners, and a preliminary validation was undertaken using interactive alignment by experts.
Haptoglobin is present in human endometrium and shows elevated levels in the decidua during pregnancy (2001)

Assuming that haptoglobin, by virtue of its immunomodulatory properties, could be a regulatory factor during reproduction, its presence in the human uterus was determined. Protein extracts from endometrial tissue samples of pregnant and non-pregnant women were analysed by the immunoblot technique and the intensities of specific bands were quantified. Bands corresponding to haptoglobin were identified in tissue samples obtained from both sources. Protein, purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and monitored by Western blot analysis for its haptoglobin identity, was used for amino-terminal sequencing. Sequencing of the 42 kDa protein identified it as the beta chain of haptoglobin. Immunohistochemistry was used to corroborate the findings and to visualize the distribution of haptoglobin in the tissue. The intensity of the 42 kDa band derived from decidua graviditatis was significantly higher than the intensity of bands derived from non-pregnant endometrium in the proliferative phase (P < 0.01) and in the secretory phase (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining with anti-human haptoglobin antibody elicited strong signals in the decidua graviditatis and weaker signals in the normal endometrium, with the latter showing menstrual cycle-dependent variation. Moderate staining of stroma and a lack of staining of epithelium in the proliferative phase contrasted with the strong staining of stroma and moderate level of staining of epithelium observed in the secretory phase. Haptoglobin in the uterus may exert several functions such as the known binding of haemoglobin, but could also be involved in the multi-factorial mechanism protecting the fetus from a maternal allograft-like immune response.
Engagement of the CD19 Receptor on Human B-Lineage Leukemia Cells Activates LCK Tyrosine Kinase and Facilitates Radiation-Induced Apoptosis (1993)

As presently reported, both ionizing radiation and engagement of the CD19 receptor are capable of inducing apoptosis in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. In both instances, activation of tyrosine kinases appears to be a proximal and mandatory step, since it can be prevented by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein. This common biochemical signaling pathway involves the rapid activation of the Src family tyrosine kinase LCK (p56lck), which is physically associated with the CD19 receptor, and enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple substrates leading to stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover, and activation of protein kinase C. Importantly, engagement of the CD19 receptor promoted radiation-induced apoptosis in radiation-resistant B-lineage ALL cells in a cell type-specific fashion. Our results prompt the hypothesis that clonogenic B-lineage ALL blasts with an inherent or acquired resistance to radiation could be radiosensitized in clinical settings using anti-CD19 MoAb B43 or its homoconjugate as adjuncts.
Long-term immunity in cats vaccinated with an inactivated trivalent vaccine (1999)

Persistence of antibody titers against all 3 viruses for > 3 years supports recommendations that cats may be revaccinated against FPV-FHV-FCV at 3-year intervals.
Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP dataset (2012)

The delivery of audio-visual content over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) got lot of attention in recent years and with dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) a standard is now available. Many papers cover this topic and present their research results, but unfortunately all of them use their own private dataset which -- in most cases -- is not publicly available. Hence, it is difficult to compare, e.g., adaptation algorithms in an objective way due to the lack of a common dataset which shall be used as basis for such experiments. In this paper, we present our DASH dataset including our DASHEncoder, an open source DASH content generation tool. We also provide basic evaluations of the different segment lengths, the influence of HTTP server settings, and, in this context, we show some of the advantages as well as problems of shorter segment lengths.
t-Plausibility: Generalizing Words to Desensitize Text (2012)

De-identified data has the potential to be shared widely to support decision making and research. While significant advances have been made in anonymization of structured data, anonymization of textual information is in it infancy. Document sanitization requires finding and removing personally identifiable information. While current tools are effective at removing specific types of information (names, addresses, dates), they fail on two counts. The first is that complete text redaction may not be necessary to prevent re-identification, since this can affect the readability and usability of the text. More serious is that identifying information, as well as sensitive information, can be quite subtle and still be present in the text even after the removal of obvious identifiers. 

Observe that a diagnosis ``tuberculosis'' is sensitive, but in some situations it can also be identifying. Replacing it with the less sensitive term ``infectious disease'' also reduces identifiability. That is, instead of simply removing sensitive terms, these terms can be hidden by more general but semantically related terms to protect sensitive and identifying information, without unnecessarily degrading the amount of information contained in the document. Based on this observation, the main contribution of this paper is to provide a novel information theoretic approach to text sanitization and develop efficient heuristics to sanitize text documents.
Nitroxidergic (nitrergic) nerve and erectile dysfunction. (2002)

多くの臓器機能がノルアドレナリン作動性神経とコリン作動性神経による拮抗的二重支配によって生理的調節を受けている．しかし，陰茎海綿体を含む血管系においては，収縮神経であるノルアドレナリン作動性神経に拮抗的支配を行っているのはコリン作動性神経ではなく，非アドレナリン性，非コリン性（NANC）神経と考えられてきた．陰茎海綿体を支配するNANC神経が一酸化窒素（NO）作動性神経であり，同神経の興奮により活性化した神経型NO合成酵素が，NOを合成する．同神経から遊離されたNOが海綿体平滑筋細胞内の可溶性グアニル酸シクラーゼを活性化し，上昇したサイクリック（c）GMPにより海綿体平滑筋は拡張し，流入した血液の充満により勃起が生じる．海綿体内の血液量を調節する海綿体動静脈にもNO作動性神経が分布し，その機能の強さが海綿体>動脈>>静脈であることも勃起の発生に役立つかもしれない．したがって，海綿体洞への血液流入を妨げる動脈閉塞や海綿体や支配動脈を拡張するNO作動性神経機能の低下は，勃起障害（Erectile Dysfunction: ED）の原因となりうる．ただし，海綿体および血管内皮に存在する内皮型NO合成酵素によって合成されるNOも，勃起機能に一部関与する可能性がある．選択的ホスホジエステラーゼ5型（PDE-V）阻害薬であるバイアグラ（Sildenafil）は，主として神経由来のNOにより産生されたcGMPの分解を抑制し，EDを改善する効果があると考えられる．勃起機能の体系的な研究を通して，より選択的で安全なED治療薬の開発が望まれる．
Choice of operating parameters in heart sound removal from bowel sounds using adaptive filtering (2002)

This study is aimed at enhancing bowel sound (or gastrointestinal acoustic phenomena-[GAP]) analysis in an anesthetized rat model. The measured signal at the rat's abdominal wall primarily contains infrequent GAP activities against a strong background of ongoing heart sounds (HS). The bandwidth of GAP events overlaps with that of HS rendering use of fixed band-pass filters inadequate. Therefore, an adaptive filter (AF) is necessary. Because no reference signal is readily available, the reference signal is generated by exploiting the low variability in HS properties. Effects of the adaptation parameter and filter order on SNR and GAP distortion due to filtering are discussed. The GAP waveform distortions were minimum for a filter dimension of 1 to 5 points and an adaptation parameter of 5 to 20% of the value at the onset of filter instability. Typical overall SNR enhancement by HS removal with the current system was 25 to 30 dB for a wide range of adaptation parameters and filter dimensions. It is concluded that an AF system can be implemented to study GAP activity in anesthetized rats.
Effects of uncompensated relative time companding on a broad-band cross correlator (1985)

Cross correlating two received waveforms is an accepted method of estimating the differential time delay (DTD) of a common signal in two waveforms, as well as detecting the signal. Rarely is the DTD actually constant over the correlation integration time, although this assumption can be made if the variation is small enough compared to the integration time and the signal bandwidth. This paper considers the effects of processing the data while assuming constant DTD, when the DTD usually has a slow linear time variation [i.e., the signal exhibits linear relative time companding (RTC)], for the case of low-pass broad-band signal and noise. The effects are quantified in terms of two performance measures: output signal-noise ratio (SNR), and accuracy of DTD estimation. Previous results on output SNR are briefly reviewed and extended, and the effect of uncompensated RTC on DTD estimation accuracy is derived and confirmed with computer simulation results. The two effects are compared numerically for the special case of low-pass white signal and noise, and it is shown that, for this case, DTD estimation accuracy degrades more rapidly than does output SNR as the amount of uncompensated RTC increases. The results presented are also applicable to the effects of residual RTC mismatch when an RTC-compensating correlator is used, but imperfect compensation is achieved.
Controlled Construction of Cyclic <scp>d </scp>/<scp> l</scp> Peptide Nanorods (2018)

Abstract Cyclic d / l peptides (CPs) assemble spontaneously via backbone H‐bonding to form extended nanostructures. These modular materials have great potential as versatile bionanomaterials. However, the useful development of CP nanomaterials requires practical methods to direct and control their assembly. In this work, we present novel, heterogeneous, covalently linked CP tetramers that achieve local control over the CP subunit order and composition through coupling of amino acid side‐chains using copper‐activated azide–alkyne cycloaddition and disulfide bond formation. Cryo‐transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of highly ordered, fibrous nanostructures, while NMR studies showed that these systems have strong intramolecular H‐bonding in solution. The introduction of inter‐CP tethers is expected to enable the development of complex nanomaterials with controllable chemical properties, facilitating the development of precisely functionalized or “decorated” peptide nanostructures.
A Novel Rice PR10 Protein, RSOsPR10, Specifically Induced in Roots by Biotic and Abiotic Stresses, Possibly via the Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway (2004)

Plant roots have important roles not only in absorption of water and nutrients, but also in stress tolerance such as desiccation, salt, and low temperature. We have investigated stress-response proteins from rice roots using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and found a rice protein, RO-292, which was induced specifically in roots when 2-week-old rice seedlings were subjected to salt and drought stress. The full-length RO-292 cDNA was cloned, and was determined to encode a protein of 160 amino acid residues (16.9 kDa, pI 4.74). The deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity to known rice PR10 proteins, OsPR10a/PBZ1 and OsPR10b. RO-292 mRNA accumulated rapidly upon drought, NaCl, jasmonic acid and probenazole, but not by exposure to low temperature or by abscisic acid and salicylic acid. The RO-292 gene was also up-regulated by infection with rice blast fungus. Interestingly, induction was observed almost exclusively in roots, thus we named the gene RSOsPR10 (root specific rice PR10). The present results indicate that RSOsPR10 is a novel rice PR10 protein, which is rapidly induced in roots by salt, drought stresses and blast fungus infection possibly through activation of the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, but not the abscisic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathway.