gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lonidamine in head and neck cancer: an overview. (1991)

Lonidamine (LNM) has been employed in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancer (H & N) primarily with radiotherapy. It has been proposed that LNM potentiates the effects of radiation by inhibiting repair of potentially lethal damage by interfering with the mitochondrial associated repair processes. In addition, LNM appears to be more effective with fractionated doses of radiotherapy, which in light of the current emphasis on hyper/accelerated fractionation schemes may make it more efficacious. Initial H & N studies comparing LNM treated patients to historical controls report a complete response (CR) rate of 65% versus 45% respectively. All major H & N sites were included. Subsequent nonrandomized Phase II studies, although containing small numbers of patients, showed LNM to be ineffective as a single agent in patients previously treated with chemotherapy and not significantly different when radiotherapy was given with conventional dose rates. In a randomized Phase III study in which patients received an accelerated radiotherapy schedule (150 cGy bid) with either lonidamine or placebo, the CR rate was not significantly different, however, the local regional control rate was 48% versus 25% in favor of the LNM group. In addition, the 3 and 5 year duration of resonse (44% and 42% versus 26% and 17%) was improved in the LNM group. However, the 3-year actuarial survival rate was not different (49% v 43%). In summary the role of LNM as a radiopotentiator in advanced head and neck cancer appears to improve the local control rate, although survival was not significantly changed. However, future studies employing hyperfractionation schemes may show that the improved local control rate will translate into improved survival.
Efficient 3D porous microstructure reconstruction via Gaussian random field and hybrid optimization (2013)

Obtaining an accurate three-dimensional (3D) structure of a porous microstructure is important for assessing the material properties based on finite element analysis. Whereas directly obtaining 3D images of the microstructure is impractical under many circumstances, two sets of methods have been developed in literature to generate (reconstruct) 3D microstructure from its 2D images: one characterizes the microstructure based on certain statistical descriptors, typically two-point correlation function and cluster correlation function, and then performs an optimization process to build a 3D structure that matches those statistical descriptors; the other method models the microstructure using stochastic models like a Gaussian random field and generates a 3D structure directly from the function. The former obtains a relatively accurate 3D microstructure, but computationally the optimization process can be very intensive, especially for problems with large image size; the latter generates a 3D microstructure quickly but sacrifices the accuracy due to issues in numerical implementations. A hybrid optimization approach of modelling the 3D porous microstructure of random isotropic two-phase materials is proposed in this paper, which combines the two sets of methods and hence maintains the accuracy of the correlation-based method with improved efficiency. The proposed technique is verified for 3D reconstructions based on silica polymer composite images with different volume fractions. A comparison of the reconstructed microstructures and the optimization histories for both the original correlation-based method and our hybrid approach demonstrates the improved efficiency of the approach.
Designing a two-level monitoring method to detect network abnormal behaviors (2014)

Monitoring network traffic behavior is very critical for securing computing infrastructures. In this paper, we focus on enhancing the way of detecting anomalous network traffic behaviors by proposing a new two-level detection method that consists of abnormality detection and exact attack type identification. The abnormality detection is performed with the rules generated by Classification and Regression Trees (CART). Then, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is applied to design a predictive model to identify exact attack types (among DoS, U2R, R2L, and Probes). Since feature extraction is an important step for designing an efficient predictive model, we used Higuchi fractal dimension and statistical measures (mean, median, and standard deviation) with an overlapping sliding window operation to extract features. Among the extracted features, only significant features are selected by applying statistical analysis and used to design a predictive model. As results, we found that our approach shows about 80.03% accuracy in detecting network abnormal behaviors. From a comparative study, we concluded that our proposed SVM-based predictive model is superior to a broadly known NN-based predictive model for identifying exact types of attacks.
Studies of changes in volume in right ventricle with electrical bio impedance (2002)

<p>In intracardiac impedance, electrical bio-impedance is measured inside the heart. This signal is known to reflect the volume of blood passing in and out of the ventricles. In transthoracic impedance the measurement current and voltage sensing is connected on the subject’s chest. In this thesis, the intracardiac impedance is studied in general, and in the filling phase (diastole) in particular.</p><p>The diastolic intracardiac impedance displays a consistent slope change (notch). The notch in the present thesis has similar features as the noninvasive transthoracic impedance O-wave reported earlier. The notch occurrence was found to be well comparable with results in work with O-wave. The notch was found closely after early rapid ventricular filling but before ventricular filling caused by atrial contraction and it is concluded that the notch is not caused by atrial contraction. The notch is most likely caused by cardiac wall movements in rapid ventricular filling.</p><p>The observations in this thesis are made in two different data sets; in animals and in humans and with different types of intracardiac leads. The lead implantations were performed by several different physicians. With the consistent results from these two studies at hand, this licentiate thesis concludes that the diastolic intracardiac impedance notch is a characteristic of intracardiac impedance, that the notch is the intracardiac equivalent of the non-invasive transthoracic impedance O-wave and that it is a sensed physiological cardiac parameter of diastole. Since the present data is measured intracardically it can be concluded that the non-invasive O-wave in fact is caused by cardiac movements.</p><h3>List of scientific papers</h3><p>I. Karin Järverud, Stig Ollmar, Lars-Åke Brodin. Analysis of the O-wave in acute right ventricular apex impedance measurements with a standard pacing lead in animals. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2002 Sep;40(5):512-9. <br><a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02345448">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02345448</a><br><br> </p><p>II. Karin Järverud, Börje Darpö, Lars-Åke Brodin, Stig Ollmar. Descriptive analysis and initial finding of O-wave in acute right ventricular apex impedance measured with a standard pacing lead in human. [Submitted]</p>
Hydroboration of terpenes. V. Isomerization of (+)-sabinene to (+)-.alpha.-thujene. Hydroboration of (+)-sabinene and (+).alpha.-thujene with configurational assignments for the thujanols (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydroboration of terpenes. V. Isomerization of (+)-sabinene to (+)-.alpha.-thujene. Hydroboration of (+)-sabinene and (+).alpha.-thujene with configurational assignments for the thujanolsShrinivas P. Acharya, Herbert Charles Brown, Akira Suzuki, Seichi Nozawa, and Mitsuomi ItohCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 10, 3015–3022Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01262a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01262a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views401Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
KinectTouch (2011)

We present a simple solution for a touch detection system on any display at a very low cost. By using a Microsoft Kinect, we can detect fingers and objects on and above a display. We conducted a user study in order to evaluate the accuracy of this system compared to the accuracy of a capacitive touch monitor. The results show, that the system can't compete with an integrated system yet, but works well enough to be used as a touch detection system for large displays.
Molecular Analysis of <i>Dehalococcoides</i> 16S Ribosomal DNA from Chloroethene-Contaminated Sites throughout North America and Europe (2002)

The environmental distribution of Dehalococcoides group organisms and their association with chloroethene-contaminated sites were examined. Samples from 24 chloroethene-dechlorinating sites scattered throughout North America and Europe were tested for the presence of members of the Dehalococcoides group by using a PCR assay developed to detect Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA gene (rDNA) sequences. Sequences identified by sequence analysis as sequences of members of the Dehalococcoides group were detected at 21 sites. Full dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene occurred at these sites. Dehalococcoides sequences were not detected in samples from three sites at which partial dechlorination of chloroethenes occurred, where dechlorination appeared to stop at 1,2-cis-dichloroethene. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA amplicons confirmed that Dehalococcoides sequences formed a unique 16S rDNA group. These 16S rDNA sequences were divided into three subgroups based on specific base substitution patterns in variable regions 2 and 6 of the Dehalococcoides 16S rDNA sequence. Analyses also demonstrated that specific base substitution patterns were signature patterns. The specific base substitutions distinguished the three sequence subgroups phylogenetically. These results demonstrated that members of the Dehalococcoides group are widely distributed in nature and can be found in a variety of geological formations and in different climatic zones. Furthermore, the association of these organisms with full dechlorination of chloroethenes suggests that they are promising candidates for engineered bioremediation and may be important contributors to natural attenuation of chloroethenes.
Calstrs maintains risk equilibrium (2013)

Calstrs, typically for US public pension funds, conducts a triennial asset allocation study. While it seems a somewhat Clunky approach, the difference with Australian funds is that it is a process of really setting the strategic guidelines: things Like dynamic or opportunistic allocations, manager selection and overlays are delegated to staff.
Improved Model for Predicting Axillary Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Clinically Node-Positive Breast Cancer (2017)

Tumor response rate was the most significant independent predictor of axillary pCR in response to NAC. The model that included tumor response rate was a significantly better predictor of axillary pCR than the model that excluded tumor response rate.
Studies on the Cycloaddition Reaction to Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Ester. V. (1971)

Rate constant of Diels-Alder addition reaction of maleic anhydride or dimethyl maleate to methyl trans-9, trans-11-octadecadienoate was determined. From the results of rate measurement, the dienophilic activity of maleic anhydride was observed to be about one thousand times as great as that of methyl acrylate. On the other hand, the dienophilic activity of dimethyl maleate was only about one-third of methyl acrylate. The maleic anhydride adduct (mp 72.473.2°C) recrystallized from n-heptane was confirmed to be the endo configuration by NMR analysis.The addition reaction of dimethyl maleate to the octadecadienoate gave cyclic adducts, and NMR, IR, and MS spectral analyses of the adducts showed that they were a mixture of the endo adduct of dimethyl maleate which had the same configuration as that of methyl ester derived from the maleic anhydride adduct and, presumably, the adduct of dimethyl fumarate, which would be formed by thermal isomerization of dimethyl maleate during the addition reaction.
LOCAL AREA NETWORK TECHNOLOGY AND ITSDEVELOPMENT (2001)

Concept and basic configuration of local network technology L AN are introduced.Basic technology of10 Mbit/s Ethernet,development of 10 0 Mbit/s and1Gbit/s Ethernet and som e new technologies em erged in the recent years are discussed. It is predicted that L AN might still be developed rapidly in the near future especially in the areas of virtual L AN VL AN ,wireless L AN WL AN and1Gbit/s Ethernet.
In vitro method for modeling water resistance of sunscreen formulations (1999)

Two of the most frequently used sunscreens, benzophenone-3 and octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), were formulated into hydroalcoholic, diisopropyl adipate oil prototype formulations and o/w and w/o emulsions. Various polymers at a concentration of 5% w/w were included in these formulations. We developed an in vitro procedure for measuring the water resistance of sunscreens and assessing their ability to resist washoff. Results of our in vitro procedure were found comparable to in vivo findings reported in the literature. With tricontanyl PVP copolymer present in the o/w emulsion, a statistically significant increase in retention of benzophenone-3 by stratum corneum (SC) was observed.
T2ρ and T1ρ Adiabatic Relaxations and Contrasts (2008)

Transverse relaxation in the rotating frame (T2ρ) is the dominant relaxation mechanism during a train of adiabatic full passage (AFP) radiofrequency (RF) pulses with no interpulse time intervals placed after the 90° excitation pulse. The magnetization components remain transverse to the time-dependent effective field and undergo relaxation with the time constant T2ρ. Longitudinal relaxation in the rotating frame (T1ρ) is the dominant relaxation mechanism during a train of AFP RF pulses placed prior to an excitation pulse. Here, magnetization is aligned along the time-dependent effective field during adiabatic rotation undergoes relaxation with the time constant T1ρ. A detailed description of rotating frame relaxations due to dipolar interactions and exchange during adiabatic pulses is presented herein. The exchange-induced and dipolar interaction contributions depend on the modulation functions of the adiabatic pulses used. The intrinsic rotating frame relaxation rate constant is sensitive to fluctuations at the effective frequencey (ωeff) in the rotating frame, and this is modulated differently during the two types of AFP pulses. This may lead to the possibility to assess T1ρ and T2ρ relaxation influenced by dipolar relaxation pathways and exchange in human brain tissue and provide a means to generate T1ρ and T2ρ contrasts in MRI.
Structure of orthorhombic NbPO5 (1992)

Cristallisation dans Pnma avec a = 11,304, b = 5,316 et c = 6,640 A, Z = 4; affinement jusqu'a R = 0,030. Le reseau est construit sur des octaedres NbO 6 et des tetraedres PO 4 . Les octaedres partagent des sommets opposes en formant des chaines zigzag infinies le long de b. Ces chaines sont interconnectees par les tetraedres partageant des sommets.
<i>In vivo</i> quantification of fluorescent molecular markers in real‐time by ratio imaging for diagnostic screening and image‐guided surgery (2007)

Future applications of "molecular diagnostic screening" and "molecular image-guided surgery" will demand images of molecular markers with high resolution and high throughput (~ > or =30 frames/second). MRI, SPECT, PET, optical fluorescence tomography, hyper-spectral fluorescence imaging, and bioluminescence imaging do not offer such high frame rates. 2D optical fluorescence imaging can provide surface images with high resolution and high throughput. The ability to accurately quantify the fluorescence in vivo is critical to extract functional information of the disease state, however few methods are available. Here, a ratiometric 2D quantification method is introduced. Through mathematical modeling the performance was evaluated using optical properties that resembled biological tissues with the fluorescent marker Protoporhyrin IX. Experimentally the performance was evaluated in optical phantoms with different optical properties employing a novel prototype clinical imaging system. The clinical feasibility of real-time, image-guided surgery was demonstrated in patients undergoing prostatectomy. Discussed are the reasons why the introduced method leads to an increased quantification performance followed by modifications so it can be applied to novel fluorescent molecular markers as phthalocyanine 4 and dual-fluorescent markers. These offer additional advantages as these can provide a linear response to marker concentration and further minimize the dependence on autofluorescence and optical properties, as demonstrated through modeling.
Multielectron beam blanking aperture array system SYNAPSE-2000 (1996)

A blanking aperture array (BAA) has 1024, 25-μm-square apertures and blanking electrodes on a 20-μm-thick Si membrane with a total aperture ratio of 1/6. These apertures are irradiated with an electron beam, and the electrons passing through the apertures are projected onto a wafer surface in a reduction ratio of about 1 to 200. A signal applied to each blanking electrode turns each beam on and off individually while raster-scanning the electron flux with a deflector; thereby the desired pattern on the wafer can be drawn. The SYNAPSE-2000 system uses 512 beams in the center of a BAA and exposes 18 8 in. wafers per hour using a single BAA column. Large convergence semiangle, refocusing, and multicolumns are effective measures to reduce Coulomb interaction and to accomplish higher throughput. This system provides a volume-production microelectronic device manufacturing method.
Linear Predictors for Fast Simultaneous Modeling and Tracking (2007)

An approach for fast tracking of arbitrary image features with no prior model and no offline learning stage is presented. Fast tracking is achieved using banks of linear displacement predictors learnt online. A multi-modal appearance model is also learnt on-the-fly that facilitates the selection of subsets of predictors suitable for prediction in the next frame. The approach is demonstrated in real-time on a number of challenging video sequences and experimentally compared to other simultaneous modeling and tracking approaches with favourable results.
Two Lyophilized Polymer Matrix Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Carriers in Rabbit Calvarial Defects (1998)

We have developed a lyophilized bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) delivery device that can be formulated to control release over 2 to 8 weeks. Bioerodible poly (d,l lactide-co-glycolide) particles loaded with 90 micrograms recombinant human BMP-2 were suspended in either carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or methylcellulose (MC) implants. Plain CMC and MC implants served as controls, as did a nonimplanted group. A total of 40 rabbits was evaluated histologically 2, 4, or 8 weeks after receiving circular full-thickness 15-mm calvarial defects. MC appeared to prevent prolapse of periosteum and dura into the defects and did not elicit bone growth. Addition of BMP improved the result. CMC implants appeared to encourage bone growth even in the absence of BMP. When BMP was added, new bone formed earlier. CMC may influence new bone formation because it is hydrophilic. MC is less hydrophilic and may cause undue inflammation. Either can be combined with BMP to produce unitary devices that are easy to make and use.
Defining Complex Project Management of Large U.S. Transportation Projects (2011)

The management of complex transportation projects requires a fundamental change in how they are approached. The traditional methodology for managing cost, schedule, and design, on transportation projects is not adequate for complex projects. A five-dimensional model has been developed adding context and finance, which have previously been regarded merely as external risks. The five-dimensional model has been developed from an extensive literature search pertaining to the management of complex transportation projects and provides a framework for mapping the complexity of projects. The main purpose of this research is to present results found on complex transportation projects that illustrate a new type of management approach for project managers. The information gathered from these case studies can be used to examine similarities to infer common sources of complexity, and mapping of each project facilitates resource allocation decisions based on these commonalities.
A 1-Gb/s bidirectional I/O buffer using the current-mode scheme (1999)

A current-mode bidirectional I/O buffer was designed, and the maximum effective bandwidth of 1.0 Gb/s per wire was obtained from measurements. To enhance the operating speed, the voltage swing on the transmission line was reduced to 0.5 V and the internal nodes of the buffer were designed to be low impedance nodes using the current-mode scheme. An automatic impedance-matching scheme was used to generate bias voltages, which adjust output resistance of the buffer to be equal to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line in spite of process variations. The chip was fabricated by using a 0.8-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The chip size was 500/spl times/330 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, and the power consumption was 50 mW at a supply voltage of 3 V.
The art of the metaobject protocol (1992)

From the Publisher:
This book presents a new approach to programming language design, which resolves fundamental tensions between elegance and efficiency. Metaobject protocols are interfaces to the lanaguage that gives users the ability to incrementally modify the language's behavior and implementation, as well as the ability to write programs within the language. In this way, a metaobject protocol allows users to adjust the lanaguage to better suit their needs.