gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monomer−Dimer Equilibrium in Glutathione Transferases: A Critical Re-Examination (2009)

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are dimeric enzymes involved in cell detoxification versus many endogenous toxic compounds and xenobiotics. In addition, single monomers of GSTs appear to be involved in particular protein-protein interactions as in the case of the pi class GST that regulates the apoptotic process by means of a GST-c-Jun N-terminal kinase complex. Thus, the dimer-monomer transition of GSTs may have important physiological relevance, but many studies reached contrasting conclusions both about the modality and extension of this event and about the catalytic competence of a single subunit. This paper re-examines the monomer-dimer question in light of novel experiments and old observations. Recent papers claimed the existence of a predominant monomeric and active species among pi, alpha, and mu class GSTs at 20-40 nM dilution levels, reporting dissociation constants (K(d)) for dimeric GST of 5.1, 0.34, and 0.16 microM, respectively. However, we demonstrate here that only traces of monomers could be found at these concentrations since all these enzymes display K(d) values of <<1 nM, values thousands of times lower than those reported previously. Time-resolved and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy experiments, two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, kinetic studies, and docking simulations have been used to reach such conclusions. Our results also indicate that there is no clear evidence of the existence of a fully active monomer. Conversely, many data strongly support the idea that the monomeric form is scarcely active or fully inactive.
Effects of Self-Check Training on a Memory Task in Youth with Mental Retardation (1994)

学習-テスト試行が繰り返される自由再生課題において、自己チェックに焦点を当てた方略の訓練効果を検討した。転移課題は対連合課題である。両課題とも被験者が全項目再生できると判断するまで学習を続けさせた。記銘刺激は命名できる日常物の絵カードである。被験者はCA5-6歳の健常児群、MA5-6歳の遅滞児群、およびMA7-8歳の遅滞児群である。第1試行で再生できた項目を維持すると同時に、再生できなかった項目を改めて学習するという方略を訓練した結果、(1)健常児群では、この方略を完全に習得し、訓練の直接効果および転移効果が認められた。(2)低MA遅滞児群でも、訓練の直接効果および転移効果が認められたが、方略の習得は部分的であった。(3)高MA遅滞児群では、天井効果のため直接効果は認められなかったが、転移効果は認められた。
Development of B cell lineages during a primary anti-hapten immune response. (1990)

Cell lineage relationships were examined in large numbers of hybridomas derived from a single mouse at 7 days and from a single mouse at 12 days after a primary immunization. The properties of these developing lineages provide unique insight into their biologic selection and differentiation. The unique VDJ junctions, the characteristics of the somatic mutations, and the nonproductive H chain gene rearrangements observed at day 12 all indicate that the hybridomas were derived from a limited number of progenitor B cells. Clonally related hybridomas were also observed at day 7. The activation of these lineages occurred very early, because somatic variants were strongly selected for within a few days after the primary immunization.
Interaction of the Paf antagonist WEB 2086 and its hetrazepine analogues with human platelets and endothelial cells (1989)

1. Intact platelets and confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cells bound [3H]-Paf-acether (platelet activating factor, [3H]-Paf) at 20 degrees C in the presence of 0.25% (w/v) bovine serum albumin (BSA). 2. [3H]-Paf binding to platelets was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by WEB 2086. An excess of WEB 2086 indicated the presence of specific, saturable Paf binding which reached a maximum of 28.3 +/- 3.7 fmol [3H]-Paf per 5 x 10(7) platelets. In platelets, different hetrazepines (WEB 2098, 2105, but not 2118) also inhibited [3H]-Paf binding in a concentration-dependent manner. 3. WEB 2086 partially displaced platelet-bound [3H]-Paf in a concentration-dependent manner reaching a plateau at 400 nM WEB 2086. No further displacement was observed when WEB 2086 and an excess of unlabelled Paf were added together. 4. The hetrazepines inhibited platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation IC50 values correlated well with the IC50 values of the hetrazepines against [3H]-Paf binding (r2 = 0.99). WEB 2086 shifted the Paf dose-response curve rightwards in a parallel manner. Tested against platelet aggregation the pA2 obtained for WEB 2086 was 7.9. 5. WEB 2086 inhibited [3H]-Paf binding to endothelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. WEB 2086 also inhibited the Paf-mediated cytosolic calcium increase in endothelial cells with an IC50 value of 23.1 +/- 10.4 nM as compared with an IC50 of 21.6 +/- 10.4 nM WEB 2086 for platelet aggregation. 6. These results demonstrate an inhibition of [3H]-Paf binding to platelets and endothelial cells by different hetrazepines, most probably at the Paf receptor level.
AR-based interaction for human-robot collaborative manufacturing (2019)

Industrial standards define safety requirements for Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) in industrial manufacturing. The standards particularly require real-time monitoring and securing of the minimum protective distance between a robot and an operator. This paper proposes a depth-sensor based model for workspace monitoring and an interactive Augmented Reality (AR) User Interface (UI) for safe HRC. The AR UI is implemented on two different hardware: a projector-mirror setup and a wearable AR gear (HoloLens). The workspace model and UIs are evaluated in a realistic diesel engine assembly task. The AR-based interactive UIs provide 21–24% and 57–64% reduction in the task completion and robot idle time, respectively, as compared to a baseline without interaction and workspace sharing. However, user experience assessment reveal that HoloLens based AR is not yet suitable for industrial manufacturing while the projector-mirror setup shows clear improvements in safety and work ergonomics.
Financing of the energy sector in developing countries (1989)

If developing countries are to grow they will have to expand their use of energy in the whole range of economic and social activities. But the substitution of energy for labor requires capital -- a commodity in very scarce supply in all of these countries. For electric power supply alone the annual investment bill for developing countries lies between US $ 60 and US $100 billion per year. The report points out that there is a growing awareness to improve efficiency in the energy sector. A number of innovative financial options have been suggested which might involve the private sector in efforts to assist in improving sector performance and in maintaining energy investment programs while minimizing the accrual of new government debt. The World Bank is actively encouraging countries to seek alternatives to the traditional public monopolies in the energy sector and there are several success stories worth watching. One constraint however, is the lack of regulatory systems in developing countries.
New perylenes for dye sensitization of TiO2 (2002)

We describe a new generation of perylene photosensitizers based upon N-(2,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)perylene-3,4-dicarboximide. The new sensitizers have more favorable energetics for electron injection into TiO2 and better light absorption properties for solar conversion than previous sensitizers based upon perylene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. Syntheses, absorption properties, and electrochemical potentials for the new perylenes are reported. We compare the solar conversion efficiencies of the dyes in the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and discuss trends in terms of energetics and structural differences that may affect the injection and recombination processes. These are the highest efficiencies yet reported for perylene sensitizers in the DSSC.
Timing synchronization for ultra-wideband (UWB) multi-band OFDM systems (2006)

An algorithm based on distinguishing the first significant multipath (FTA) is proposed to address the critical issue of symbol timing synchronization in Ultra wideband (UWB) Multi-band OFDM (MB-OFDM) systems. The algorithm attempts to locate the frame synchronization sequence and pinpoint the exact start of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) window by first accumulating multipath energies and then discerning for first significant multipath components through threshold comparison between consecutive accumulated energy samples. The mean squared error (MSE) of the timing estimation and the synchronization probability are used as performance evaluation criteria. A total of 100 UWB channel realizations, as proposed by IEEE 802.15 Channel Modeling sub-committee, for each channel model (CM) 1: line-of-sight for 0-4m and CM2: non-line-of-sight for 0-4m are each simulated with 100,000 noisy realizations per threshold. The MSE is orders of magnitude lower compared to conventional OFDM-extended correlation methods. Synchronization probabilities reach 81% for UWB CM1 and 50% for CM2 under a typical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 17 dB for high data rate applications. Keywords-MB-OFDM; OFDM; symbol timing synchronization; UWB
Molecular Imaging, FRET Microscopy and Spectroscopy (2006)

The <i>Journal of Biomedical Optics</i> (JBO) is a Gold Open Access journal that publishes peer-reviewed papers on the use of novel optical systems and techniques for improved health care and biomedical research.
DESIGN OF A MULTI-FUNCTIONAL SEMITRAILER USING STRUCTURAL SANDWICH PANELS (1999)

Due to economic development within the European community the amount of transported load will grow substantially within the next 15 years. Since road transport comprises 75% of the total transport, the growth will result in an increase of transport by road of 25%. This increase, however, is in conflict with our growing environmental awareness. Therefore, in order to decrease the emission of CO2 and NOx, there is a need to increase the maximum pay-load and, at the same time, increase the utilisation of a tractor-semitrailer combination. The pay-load increases by lowering the net tare weight (for weight based transport) or increasing the inner volume (for volume based transport). With a multi-functional semitrailer the chances of an empty return are minimised, and subsequently the utilisation increases. A sandwich based chassisless design concept shows that it is possible to increase the pay-load and utilisation simultaneously without a drastic increase of the costs.
硏究論文(연구론문) : 리더의 스타일에 표현된 권력이미지: 헨리 8세의 초상화에 나타난 권력이미지의 표현특성 (2013)

The purpose of this study is to examine the power images in the style of a leader:through the focus on the portrait of Henry VIII. Study methods on the literature concerning viewpoints of power and image in the early modern age and the subjects of power are being used for theoretical backgrounds; and the visual data from National Portrait Gallery,British Library and the internet are used for exploratory studies. The results of this study are as follows. First, from the style of Henry VIII who represented the image of political power, the modern political phenomenon can be defined. Such phenomenon which displays images of political leaders from the study indicate an effective strategy. Second,the religious, a diplomatic representation for the style of Henry VIII powers, such as costume style and somatic visual images, represents the dignity and power by delivering visible internal attributes. Thus, the role model recognized by the society and the public`s perception of leadership style affects the acknowledgement and belief by the people.
Amino Acid Sequence of Chitinase from Streptomyces erythraeus1 (1989)

The amino acid sequence of chitinase from Streptomyces erythraeus was determined by the conventional method. The amino acid sequences of tryptic peptides of the reduced and S-carboxymethylated protein were determined. The tryptic peptides were aligned by overlapping the amino acid sequences of chymotryptic peptides, lysyl endopeptidase peptides and cyanogen bromide fragments. S. erythraeus chitinase consists of 290 amino acid residues with the molecular weight of 30,400 and has two disulfide bridges at Cys(45)-Cys(89) and Cys(265)-Cys(272). The enzyme has no significant homology with other chitinases, lysozymes, and other proteins.
General Routes to Alkyl Phosphatrioxaadamantane Ligands (2008)

The secondary phosphine CgPH (CgP = 6-phospha-2,4,8-trioxa-1,3,5,7-tetramethyladamantyl group) is made in 50% yield by a modification of the literature method (avoiding high pressures of PH3) by bubbling PH3 through an acidified solution of 2,4-pentanedione at 0 °C. Under similar conditions the ethyl analogue EtCgPH is formed from 3,5-heptanedione in 75% yield. The halophosphines CgPCl and CgPBr are made by treatment of CgPH with N-halosuccinimide. CgPBr is also made by treatment of CgPH with Br2. Three methods are described for the synthesis of CgPR, where R = alkyl: (a) the previously reported acid-catalyzed condensation reaction of RPH2 with 2,4-pentanedione, which has been extended to R = iPr; (b) treatment of CgP(BH3)Li with RX followed by borane deprotection with Et2NH, which has been used for R = iPr, benzyl, n-C20H41; (c) treatment of CgPBr with RMgX, which has been used for R = iPr, Me. The complexes [PtCl2(CgPH)2] (1), [PdCl2(CgPH)2] (2), [PdCl2(CgPR)2] (where R = iPr (3a), Cy (3b)), and [PtCl2(CgPR)2] (where R = iPr (4a), Cy (4b), n-C20H41 (4c)) are described. The crystal structures of CgPH, CgPCl, [CgP(CH2Ph)2]Br, CgP(n-C20H41), and complexes 1, 3b, and 4c are reported. From the ν(CO) values for trans-[RhCl(CO)(CgPX)2], the σ-donor/π-acceptor properties of CgPX are in the order X = iPr > Me > Ph > H > Cl.
Novel device structure for low-temperature polysilicon TFTs with controlled grain growth in channel regions (2000)

In this paper, we demonstrate a novel device structure of low-temperature polysilicon thin-film transistors (LTPS TFTs) for AMLCD applications with using excimer-laser crystallization (ELC). The device structure consists of a thin channel and a thick source/drain. This structure has its merit in the process of ELC and is capable of improving TFTs' electrical characteristics. During excimer laser irradiation, this kind of recessed structure is able to built up localized lateral thermal gradients in the regions near the steps and entice crystallization from the chiller thick source/drain regions toward the hotter thin channels. Because of the development of crystallization process, the average field-effect mobility of the devices can be increased to about 350 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V.s, and the on/off current ratios exceed eight orders. In addition to improvement of device performance, the process window of ELC is broadened with the recessed structure.
Resonant frequencies of a split-ring resonator: Analytical solutions and numerical simulations (2004)

A set of differential equations describing the current and voltage distribution in a split-ring resonator is derived and solved analytically. The resonant frequencies may be obtained from the solution of a characteristic equation. An approximate solution for the lowest resonant frequency agrees with that obtained by heuristic arguments. The analytical results are supported by numerical simulations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 133–136, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20567
Increased Urinary Excretion of Free <i>N</i>‐Acetylneuraminic Acid in Thirteen Patients with Salla Disease (1979)

Thirteen severely retarded patients with Salla disease, a new type of lysosomal storage disorder, have been studied biochemically. All patients excreted approximately ten times more free sialic acid than normal individuals. The isolated sialic acid was characterized by paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, optical rotation, 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry of its permethylated derivative. The results clearly indicated that the excreted sialic acid was identical to N-acetylneuraminic acid. The main sialylated trisaccharide present in the urine of the patients was identified as 3'-sialyllactose by sugar and methylation analysis. The excreted amounts were found to be within normal range.
Time-division SQUID multiplexers (2002)

SQUID multiplexers make it possible to build arrays of thousands of low-temperature bolometers and microcalorimeters based on superconducting transition-edge sensors with a manageable number of readout channels. We discuss the technical tradeoffs between proposed time-division multiplexer and frequency-division multiplexer schemes and motivate our choice of time division. Our first-generation SQUID multiplexer is now in use in an astronomical instrument. We describe our second-generation SQUID multiplexer, which is based on a new architecture that significantly reduces the dissipation of power at the first stage, allowing thousands of SQUIDs to be operated at the base temperature of a cryostat.
Facial Feature Point Fitting with Combined Color and Depth Information for Interactive Displays (2012)

Interactive displays are driven by natural interaction with the user, necessitating a computer system that recognizes body gestures and facial expressions. User inputs are not easily or reliably recognized for a satisfying user experience, as the complexities of human communication are difficult to interpret in real-time. Recognizing facial expressions in particular is a problem that requires high-accuracy and efficiency for stable interaction environments. The recent availability of the Kinect, a low cost, low resolution sensor that supplies simultaneous color and depth images, provides a breakthrough opportunity to enhance the interactive capabilities of displays and overall user experience. This new RGBD (RGB + depth) sensor generates an additional channel of depth information that can be used to improve the performance of existing state of the art technology and develop new techniques. The Active Shape Model (ASM) is a well-known deformable model that has been extensively studied for facial feature point placement. Previous shape model techniques have applied 3D reconstruction techniques using multiple cameras or other statistical methods for producing 3D information from 2D color images. These methods showed improved results compared to using only color data, but required an additional deformable model or expensive imaging equipment. In this thesis, an ASM model is trained using the RGBD image produced by the Kinect. The real-time information from the depth sensor is registered to the color image to create a pixel-for-pixel match. To improve the quality of the depth image, a temporal median filter is applied to reduce random noise produced by the sensor. The resulting combined model is designed to produce more robust fitting of facial feature points compared to a purely color based active shape model.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor released by corneal endothelium surviving oxidative stress ex vivo. (2002)

CE cells release autocrine CNTF under sublethal oxidative stress by a mechanism that involves CNTFRalpha and the formation of a 61-kDa CNTF/CNTFRalpha-IM.
CYCLIZATION OF 2-AMINOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES. II. THE REACTION OF SUBSTITUTED 2-AMINOPYRIDINES WITH ETHYL MALONATE<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCYCLIZATION OF 2-AMINOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES. II. THE REACTION OF SUBSTITUTED 2-AMINOPYRIDINES WITH ETHYL MALONATE1GERALD R. LAPPIN, QUENTIN R. PETERSEN, and CARLTON E. WHEELERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1950, 15, 2, 377–380Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01148a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01148a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views528Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrochemical Lithium Ion Doping and Undoping Behavior of Carbyne-like Carbon Film Electrode (2005)

Abstract Carbyne is one of the allotropes of sp-carbon with a one-dimensional chain, but its physicochemical properties have not yet been clarified. We produced a carbyne-like carbon (carbon containing sp bond) electrode by electrochemical reduction in an organic electrolyte (1.0 mol dm−3 LiClO4/propylene carbonate) using a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) film electrode coated with a thin gold layer. The Li+ ion can be doped/undoped in the carbyne-like carbon film by electrochemical reduction/oxidation. The stoichiometry of the electrochemically reduced PTFE is estimated to be CLi0.48·2LiF which corresponds to a lithium ion battery negative electrode with ≈1100 mAh g−1 (of carbon) capacity.
Methylsilyl Derivatives of Some Terpene Alcohols (1961)

Abstract Six new methylsilyl derivatives were prepared from geraniol, citronellol, and menthol.
Non-invasive diagnostics of motor-operated valves (2005)

This paper is concerned with the development of data analysis methods to be used in a model-based approach to the online monitoring and diagnosis of motor-operated valves (MOVs). The technique to be utilized will include the extensive integration of mechanical and electrical measurements and signal processing. A torque estimator is developed and tested to obtain electric torque of the induction motors which are attached to the MOV system. Transfer functions between the actuator housing vibration and gear meshing force are measured and inverse filters are designed to recover the source waveforms. To monitor the operating condition, amplitudes and frequencies of the recovered signal are examined. Various frequency demodulation techniques are studied to find the most robust method. An adaptive linear phase bandpass filter is developed to improve signal-to-noise ratio and to track the important frequency components for diagnostic purposes during the operation. Finally, stand-alone valve experiments are carried out to validate the developed estimation scheme. Faults are introduced into the experiment set-up by placing obstructions in the path of the closing valve. The results of this study will be directly applied in the monitoring of MOVs and the methods developed can be applied to other diagnostic system as well. An additional benefit of this study will be a reduction in reliability problems associated with torque switch failures in existing MOVs.
Electric Ejection of Viscous Inks From MEMS Capillary Array Head for Direct Drawing of Fine Patterns (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Free-space microink streams are realized by an array of microcapillaries. Ink is ejected from capillaries accelerated by an electric field with low or no back pressure applied. The capillaries are 20 <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$\mu\hbox{m}$</tex></formula> in diameter, whereas the microstreams are only a few micrometers thick due to the Taylor cone effect. This method enables one to draw very fine lines down to 1 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\mu\hbox{m}$</tex> </formula> without lithographical techniques. With a pulsed-field application, dotted lines can also be drawn. Direct drawing of both solid and dotted lines has successfully been demonstrated by applying dc and 500-Hz ac fields, respectively. <formula formulatype="inline"><tex> $\hfill$</tex></formula>[2006-0254] </para>