gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QoE-Aware Admission Control for Multimedia Applications in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks (2008)

Widespread use of wireless networks nowadays raises many problems for service providers in managing their resources. These problems are caused mainly by restricted bandwidth and variable radio condition in this type of network. Moreover, with the emergence of multimedia traffic and its requirements in terms of quality, admission control is hence an inevitable choice to optimize network resources while maintaining high service quality at users. In this paper, we propose an admission control mechanism based on quality of experience (QoE) perceived by users. The human QoE is obtained by a tool called pseudo subjective quality assessment (PSQA), which is based on statistic learning using random neural network (RNN). Instead of relying on technical parameters such as bandwidth, loss, or latency, which do not correlate well with human perception, our scheme is based on mean opinion score (MOS) but without interaction from real humans. The simulation results demonstrate the better performance of our proposition compared to the loss-based approach regarding user satisfaction evaluated by achieved QoE at user and bandwidth utilization of the network evaluated by good put.
Visual gesture recognition (1994)

Presents a method for recognising human-hand gestures using a model based approach. A finite state machine is used to model four qualitatively distinct phases of a generic gesture. Fingertips are tracked in multiple frames to compute motion trajectories. The trajectories are then used for finding the start and stop position of the gesture. Gestures are represented as a list of vectors and are then matched to stored gesture vector models using table lookup based on vector displacements. Results are presented showing recognition of seven gestures using images sampled at 4 Hz on a SPARC-1 without any special hardware. The seven gestures are representatives for actions of left, right, up, down, grab, rotate, and stop.
Long-Term Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Use: Impact on Medication Utilization and Physical Therapy Costs (1998)

Long-term use of TENS is associated with a significant reduction in the utilization of pain medication and PT/OT. In this study population, cost simulations of medication and PT/OT indicate that with long-term TENS use, costs can be reduced up to 55% for medications and up to 69% for PT/OT. The potential for TENS associated improvement, combined with reduced medication-related complications and costs, are important points that clinicians should consider when constructing a treatment plan for chronic pain patients. Finally, cost simulation techniques provide a useful tool for assessing outcomes in pain treatment and research.
Sequences That Regulate the Divergent <i>GAL1-GAL10</i> Promoter in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1984)

The GAL1 and GAL10 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are divergently transcribed, with 606 base pairs of DNA separating their transcription initiation sites. These two genes are stringently coregulated: their expression is induced ca. 1,000-fold in cells growing on galactose and is repressed by growth on glucose. The nucleotide sequence of the region of DNA between these genes and the precise sites of transcription initiation are presented here. The most notable feature of the nucleotide sequence of this region is a 108-base-pair guanine-plus-cytosine-rich stretch of DNA located approximately in the middle of the region between GAL1 and GAL10. Analysis of the effects of mutations that alter the region between these two genes, constructed in vitro or selected in vivo, suggest that these guanine-plus-cytosine-rich sequences are required for the expression of both genes. The region of DNA between GAL1 and GAL10 is sufficient for regulation of expression of these genes: fusion of the region to the yeast HIS3 gene places HIS3 under GAL control.
Mouse mammary tumors display Stat3 activation dependent on leukemia inhibitory factor signaling (2007)

LIF is overexpressed in mouse mammary tumors, where it acts as the main Stat3 activator. Interestingly, the positive LIF effect on tumor cell viability is not dependent on Stat3 activation, which inhibits tumor cell survival as it does in normal mammary epithelium.
Screening drug effects in patient‐derived cancer cells links organoid responses to genome alterations (2017)

Cancer drug screening in patient-derived cells holds great promise for personalized oncology and drug discovery but lacks standardization. Whether cells are cultured as conventional monolayer or advanced, matrix-dependent organoid cultures influences drug effects and thereby drug selection and clinical success. To precisely compare drug profiles in differently cultured primary cells, we developed DeathPro, an automated microscopy-based assay to resolve drug-induced cell death and proliferation inhibition. Using DeathPro, we screened cells from ovarian cancer patients in monolayer or organoid culture with clinically relevant drugs. Druginduced growth arrest and efficacy of cytostatic drugs differed between the two culture systems. Interestingly, drug effects in organoids were more diverse and had lower therapeutic potential. Genomic analysis revealed novel links between drug sensitivity and DNA repair deficiency in organoids that were undetectable in monolayers. Thus, our results highlight the dependency of cytostatic drugs and pharmacogenomic associations on culture systems, and guide culture selection for drug tests.
Cutaneous Ulcers: Treatment Protocols in the Home (1979)

When a systematic, coordinated treatment plan is used, many seemingly refractory ulcers can be treated in the home. Communication between the treatment team, which includes the patient, must be maintained. This article describes the various preventive measures, debriding, cleansing, granulating and epithelializing agents, their modes of action and their methods of application.
Localization-Based Super-Resolution Imaging of Cellular Structures (2013)

Fluorescence microscopy allows direct visualization of fluorescently tagged proteins within cells. However, the spatial resolution of conventional fluorescence microscopes is limited by diffraction to ~250 nm, prompting the development of super-resolution microscopy which offers resolution approaching the scale of single proteins, i.e., ~20 nm. Here, we describe protocols for single molecule localization-based super-resolution imaging, using focal adhesion proteins as an example and employing either photoswitchable fluorophores or photoactivatable fluorescent proteins. These protocols should also be easily adaptable to imaging a broad array of macromolecular assemblies in cells whose components can be fluorescently tagged and assemble into high density structures.
Cancer in the european population of harare, Zimbabwe, 1990–1992 (1995)

The data presented from the population-based cancer registry in Harare, Zimbabwe, represent the first information on the incidence of cancer in Southern Africa for almost 20 years. In the African population in Zimbabwe there are several features in common with other countries in sub-Saharan Africa: high rates of liver, prostate and cervix cancer, low rates of large-bowel cancer and breast cancer. Also, as reported from southern and south-eastern Africa, there are relatively high incidence rates of cancers of the oesophagus, bladder and (in men) lung. The AIDS epidemic has given rise to a striking increase in incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (now the commonest cancer of African men), but there is not much evidence for an increase in incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphomas nor, although rates are very high, of cervical cancer.
Analysis of the reflective-matched fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation scheme (1997)

A technique for the demodulation of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors based on the use of a second wavelength-matched FBG receiver to track wavelength shifts from the FBG sensor is analyzed, particularly regarding its sensitivity as determined by primary noise sources. Numerical and experimental results show that there is an optimum Bragg wavelength difference between the two FBG's that maximizes the sensitivity for this demodulation technique.
Boron‐Double‐Ring Sheet, Fullerene, and Nanotubes: Potential Hydrogen Storage Materials (2014)

Similar to carbon-based graphene, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, boron atoms can form sheets, fullerenes, and nanotubes. Here we investigate several of these novel boron structures all based on the boron double ring within the framework of density functional theory. The boron sheet is found to be metallic and flat in its ground state. The spherical boron cage containing 180 atoms is also stable and has I symmetry. Stable nanotubes are obtained by rolling up the boron sheet, and all are metallic. The hydrogen storage capacity of boron nanostructures is also explored, and it is found that Li-decorated boron sheets and nanotubes are potential candidates for hydrogen storage. For Li-decorated boron sheets, each Li atom can adsorb a maximum of 4 H2 molecules with g(d) =7.892 wt %. The hydrogen gravimetric density increases to g(d) =12.309 wt % for the Li-decorated (0,6) boron nanotube.
Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Immature Dendritic Cells Can Occur Independently of DC-SIGN and Mannose Binding C-Type Lectin Receptors via a Cholesterol-Dependent Pathway (2003)

Interactions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with immature dendritic cells (DC) are believed to be multifactorial and involve binding to the CD4 antigen, DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), mannose binding C-type lectin receptors (MCLR), and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). In this study we assessed the relative contributions of these previously defined virus attachment factors to HIV binding and accumulation in DC and the subsequent transfer of the bound virus particle to CD4(+) T cells. Using competitive inhibitors of HIV-1 attachment to DC, we have identified the existence of DC-SIGN-, MCLR-, and HSPG-independent mechanism(s) of HIV attachment and internalization. Furthermore, virus particles bound by DC independently of CD4, DC-SIGN, MCLR, and HSPG are efficiently transmitted to T cells. Treatment of virus particles with the protease subtilisin or treatment of immature DC with trypsin significantly reduced virus binding, thus demonstrating the role of HIV envelope glycoprotein interactions with unidentified DC-surface factor(s). Finally, this DC-mediated virus binding and internalization are dependent on lipid rafts. We propose that pathways to HIV-1 attachment and uptake in DC exhibit functional redundancy; that is, they are made up of multiple independent activities that can, at least in part, compensate for one another.
Merged CMOS/bipolar current switch logic (2003)

Merged CMOS/bipolar logic (MCSL) is introduced and applied to a BiCMOS ripple adder. the adder shows bipolar performance without additional circuits for level conversion at the input. In contrast to a pure bipolar solution, the area and power are reduced by 50% for each bit. The advantage in area results from the smaller number of transistors and the smaller spacing of the MOS part. Only 28 transistors in comparison to 48 transistors, considering the emitter-follower and level shifter, are necessary for each bit. The advantage in power results from the smaller number of current paths. Only two gate and four emitter-follower currents rather than four gate and eight emitter-follower currents are necessary. Comparison to a pure CMOS adder cell shows a speed improvement by a factor of 5 with only a threefold increase in area.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Performance of Wireless Body Area Network over on-human-body propagation channels (2010)

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been recently proposed due to increasing technical demands on wearable computing and healthcare systems. Advanced studies for any communication system begin with a channel model. This paper examines channel models for signal propagation around the surface of the body at 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz (ISM bands). The applications of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) for WBANs has not yet been considered. The common MIMO communication systems are to be considered over Rayleigh independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) fading channel. However, the spatial correlation could affect the channel of short range communication systems. Therefore, the bit error probability of the space time block coding scheme is evaluated over uncorrelated / correlated Rician channel according to the distance between transmit and receive antenna on the surface of the body.
Novel Low-Temperature Poss-Containing Siloxane Elastomers (2008)

One route to increased aircraft performance is through the use of flexible, shape-changeable aerodynamics effectors. However, state of the art materials are not flexible or durable enough over the required broad temperature range. Mixed siloxanes were crosslinked by polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) producing novel materials that remained flexible and elastic from -55 to 94 C. POSS molecules were chemically modified to generate homogeneous distributions within the siloxane matrix. High resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) images indicated homogenous POSS distribution up to 0.8 wt %. Above the solubility limit, POSS aggregates could be seen both macroscopically and via SEM (approx.60-120 nm). Tensile tests were performed to determine Young s modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break over the range of temperatures associated with transonic aircraft use (-55 to 94 C; -65 to 200 F). The siloxane materials developed here maintained flexibility at -55 C, where previous candidate materials failed. At room temperature, films could be elongated up to 250 % before rupturing. At -55 and 94 C, however, films could be elongated up to 400 % and 125 %, respectively.
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase:  Caught in the Act of Glutamine Hydrolysis<sup>,</sup> (1998)

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase from Escherichia coli catalyzes the production of carbamoyl phosphate from two molecules of Mg2+ATP, one molecule of bicarbonate, and one molecule of glutamine. The enzyme consists of two polypeptide chains referred to as the large and small subunits. While the large subunit provides the active sites responsible for the binding of nucleotides and other effector ligands, the small subunit contains those amino acid residues that catalyze the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. From both amino acid sequence analyses and structural studies it is now known that the small subunit belongs to the class I amidotransferase family of enzymes. Numerous biochemical studies have suggested that the reaction mechanism of the small subunit proceeds through the formation of the glutamyl thioester intermediate and that both Cys 269 and His 353 are critical for catalysis. Here we describe the X-ray crystallographic structure of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase from E. coli in which His 353 has been replaced with an asparagine residue. Crystals employed in the investigation were grown in the presence of glutamine, and the model has been refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 19.1% for all measured X-ray data from 30 to 1.8 A resolution. The active site of the small subunit clearly contains a covalently bound thioester intermediate at Cys 269, and indeed, this investigation provides the first direct structural observation of an enzyme intermediate in the amidotransferase family.
Optical design of a compact imaging spectrometer for planetary mineralogy (2007)

We present the design of a compact, wide-angle pushbroom imaging spectrometer suitable for exploration of solar system bodies from low orbit. The spectrometer is based on a single detector array with a broadband response that covers the range 400 to 3000 nm and provides a spectral sampling of 10 nm. The telescope has a 24-deg field of view with 600 spatially resolved elements (detector pixels). A specially designed convex diffraction grating permits optimization of the signal-to-noise ratio through the entire spectral band. Tolerances and design parameters permit the achievement of high uniformity of response through field and wavelength. The spectrometer performance is evaluated in terms of predicted spectral and spatial response functions and from the point of view of minimizing their variation through field and wavelength. The design serves as an example for illustrating the design principles specific to this type of system.
The<scp>F</scp>ramingham risk score and heart disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2012)

The accuracy of the Framingham risk score (FRS) in identifying patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at higher 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk remains unknown. We aimed at evaluating both the baseline probability of CHD as predicted by the FRS and the actual long-term occurrence of CHD in NAFLD patients. This was a longitudinal study of a community-based cohort. A total of 309 NAFLD patients were followed up for 11.5 ± 4.1 years (total 3554 person-years). The overall calculated 10-year CHD risk was significantly higher in the NAFLD cohort than the absolute CHD risk predicted by the FRS for persons of the same age and gender (10.9 ± 9.3% vs. 9.9 ± 5.9%, respectively, P < 0.0001), and higher in men than women (12.6 ± 10.3% vs. 9.6 ± 8.1%, respectively, P = 0.006). New onset CHD occurred in 34 patients (11% vs. 10.9% predicted at baseline, P = NS), whereas 279 (89%) patients did not develop CHD. Using multivariable analysis, the FRS was the only variable significantly associated with new onset CHD (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05-1.21; P = 0.001). A FRS cut-point of 11 in women, and 6 in men had a sensitivity of 80% and 74%, respectively, and a negative predictive value of 97% and 93% respectively. NAFLD patients have a higher 10-year CHD risk than the general population of the same age and gender. The FRS accurately predicts the higher 10-year CHD risk in NAFLD patients, and helps identify those patients expected to derive the most benefit from early intervention to prevent CHD events.
Highly Efficient Catalytic Synthesis ofα-Amino Acids under Phase-Transfer Conditions with a Novel Catalyst/Substrate Pair (2001)

A facile and fast enantioselective synthesis of α-amino acids with high ee values was achieved by the asymmetric alkylation of the glycine derivative 1 under phase-transfer conditions with (R)- or (S)- 2-amino-2′-hydroxy-1,1′-binaphthyl (NOBIN; see scheme). The ee value of the catalyst can be as little as 40 % without decreasing the ee value of the amino acid products. This occurs as a result of a significant positive nonlinear effect in the alkylation reaction.
A Fractional-N PLL for SONET-Quality Clock-Syntlhesis Applicationis (2007)

A frequency-synthesis IC, targeted toward replacing high frequency XOs and VCXOs, is proposed. It is based on a fixed-frequency XO and a fractional-N PLL. A linearized phase detector, phase-error cancellation, and an integrated shielded LC-VCO are used. The measured jitter is 0.3ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> in the OC-192 band. The chip draws 70mA excluding the output driver.
HEAR: an hybrid episodic-abstract speech recognizer (2009)

This paper presents a new architecture for automatic continuous speech recognition called HEAR - Hybrid Episodic-Abstract speech Recognizer. HEAR relies on both parametric speech models (HMMs) and episodic memory. We propose an evaluation on the Wall Street Journal corpus, a standard continuous speech recognition task, and compare the results with a state-of-the-art HMM baseline. HEAR is shown to be a viable and a competitive architecture. While the HMMs have been studied and optimized during decades, their performance seems to converge to a limit which is lower than human performance. On the contrary, episodic memory modeling for speech recognition as applied in HEAR offers flexibility to enrich the recognizer with information the HMMs lack. This opportunity as well as future work are exposed in a discussion.
Guest-Induced Asymmetry in a Metal−Organic Porous Solid with Reversible Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Structural Transformation (2005)

A metal-organic honeycomb-like 2D pillared-bilayer open framework has been constructed which shows dynamic sponge-like single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation upon dehydration and rehydration. The dehydrated acentric nonporous phase transformed to the porous centric phase with the selective adsorbate concomitant with the structural transformation correlated with the single-crystal structure determination.
Full-Length cDNA Synthesis for Long-Distance RT-PCR of Large mRNA Transcripts (2003)

Reverse transcription of mRNA often leads to the synthesis of partial, non-full-length cDNAs. Methods to facilitate reverse transcription across RNA regions of secondary structure, as well as enzyme modifications to eliminate RNase H activities inherent to reverse transcriptase enzymes, have been previously reported. However, because all reverse transcriptases have high error rates of polymerization, the misincorporation of nucleotides can also cause the reverse transcriptase to stumble. Hence, even in the absence of RNA secondary structure and RNase H activity, the synthesis of full-length cDNA from long mRNA transcripts still remains a challenge. We describe here the coupling of a 3'-->5' exonuclease function during reverse transcription. The incorporation of a proofreading activity, when used in conjunction with denaturant buffers and RNase H-deficient reverse transcriptases, can successfully generate full-length cDNAs of up to 15 kb.
Frontiers in Ultrashort Pulse Generation: Pushing the Limits in Linear and Nonlinear Optics (1999)

Optical pulses in the 5-femtosecond range are produced by a variety of methods. Although different in technical detail, each method relies on the same three key components: spectral broadening due to the nonlinear optical Kerr effect, dispersion control, and ultrabroadband amplification. The state of the art of ultrashort pulse generation is reviewed with a focus on direct laser oscillator schemes.
Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activities of Petroleum Ether Fruit Extract of Fruits of <i>Brucea javanica</i> (Simarubaceae) (2013)

Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition and antitumor activity of the petroleum ether extract of the dried ripe fruits of Brucea javanica.Methods: The composition of petroleum ether extract was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) and their antitumor activities were determined by MTT assay.Results: GC/MS spectrometry results indicate that the petroleum ether extract was a mixture of esters, fatty acids, sterides, pregnanones, terpenes, alkaloids, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and other compounds. The results also revealed the significant antitumor activity of the extract with IC50 of 9.14, 12.45, 15.15, 16.13, 22.26, and 27.97 μg/mL against A549, CNE, MCF-7, NCI-H460, HepG2, and KB-3-1 cell lines, respectively.Conclusion: The study establishes the chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the petroleum ether extract of the plant fruits. There is need for further investigations to isolate more potent compounds and structurally modify the known compounds to retain activity and lower toxicity and thus lead to the possible development of Brucea javanica oil.Keywords: Brucae javanica, Mass spectra, Cytotoxic activity, Anti-tumour.