gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel relationship for schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorder Part 3: Evidence from chromosome 3 high density association screen (2017)

Familial clustering of schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) was investigated systematically (Aukes et al., Genetics in Medicine, 2012, 14, 338-341) and any two or even three of these disorders could coexist in some families. Furthermore, evidence from symptomatology and psychopharmacology also imply the existence of intrinsic connections between these three major psychiatric disorders. A total of 71,445 SNPs on chromosome 1 were genotyped on 119 SCZ, 253 BPD (type-I), 177 MDD cases and 1000 controls and further validated in 986 SCZ patients in the population of Shandong province of China. Outstanding psychosis genes are systematically revealed( ATP1A4, ELTD1, FAM5C, HHAT, KIF26B, LMX1A, NEGR1, NFIA, NR5A2, NTNG1, PAPPA2, PDE4B, PEX14, RYR2, SYT6, TGFBR3, TTLL7, and USH2A). Unexpectedly, flanking genes for up to 97.09% of the associated SNPs were also replicated in an enlarged cohort of 986 SCZ patients. From the perspective of etiological rather than clinical psychiatry, bipolar, and major depressive disorder could be subtypes of schizophrenia. Meanwhile, the varied clinical feature and prognosis might be the result of interaction of genetics and epigenetics, for example, irreversible or reversible shut down, and over or insufficient expression of certain genes, which may gives other aspects of these severe mental disorders.
Macrophages Driven to a Novel State of Activation Have Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Mice (2008)

Recurrent episodes of inflammation underlie numerous pathologies, notably those of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this study, we describe a population of macrophages in a novel state of activation that mitigates colitis in mice. The cells responsible for this effect, called IFN-gamma-stimulated monocyte-derived cells (IFNgamma-MdC), derive from mouse spleen, blood, and bone marrow monocytes and are distinguished from known macrophage populations by mode of generation, cell surface phenotype, and function. IFNgamma-MdC only arise when macrophages are cultivated in the presence of CD40L-expressing CD4+ T cells, M-CSF, and IFN-gamma. IFNgamma-MdC express markers including F4/80, CD11b/c, CD86, and CD274; they are negative for CD4, CD8, Gr1, CD19, CD80, and CD207. Functionally, IFNgamma-MdC are defined by their capacity to enrich cocultured T cell populations for CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory cells; this enrichment, constituting up to 60% or more of residual lymphocytes, is attributed to an expansion, but also to a cell contact and caspase-dependent depletion of activated T cells. In mice, IFNgamma-MdC delivered i.v. traffic to gut-associated peripheral lymphoid tissues, including the mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and colonic mucosa, and promote the clinical and histological resolution of chronic colitis. We conclude that IFNgamma-MdC represent macrophages in a novel state of activation, possessing multiple T cell-suppressive effects with therapeutic potential for the treatment of autoimmune inflammation.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of a New Plane Toothed Wheel and Its Enveloping Hourglass Worm (1978)

This paper relates to the properties of the surface of contact or the line of contact on a new plane toothed wheel which is inclined properly to the axis of the wheel and on its enveloping hourglass worm by using the theory of envelope, numerical computations, manufacturing process of this hourglass worm gears, and their experimental results. From this investigation, it can be ascertained that the surface of contact is nearly tangential to the circumference of the worm surface. The line of contact is almost upright to the direction of sliding surface. When the inclination angle of the plane tooth of the wheel axis is 22 deg, the tooth bearing on a wheel tooth is in its center portion, and good condition. We carried out various tests with a speed-reducing gear solely manufactured by several trials, using such materials as ABB2 (special aluminum bronze) for a worm and S45C (high-frequency-quenched) for a wheel. Results were obtained from the tests. They are as follows: because of no wearing in a wheel, little irregularity is caused on a worm tooth form; wearing in a worm is very little because the interlocking is made with the entire surface; power consumption may be reduced by more than 10 percent as compared with a conventional unit. Furthermore, we are confident that a power transmission capacity may be more than doubled also by this new product.
An Adaptive Power Oscillation Damping Controller by STATCOM With Energy Storage (2014)

This paper deals with the design of an adaptive power oscillation damping (POD) controller for a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) equipped with energy storage. This is achieved using a signal estimation technique based on a modified recursive least square (RLS) algorithm, which allows a fast, selective, and adaptive estimation of the low-frequency electromechanical oscillations from locally measured signals during power system disturbances. The proposed method is effective in increasing the damping of the system at the frequencies of interest, also in the case of system parameter uncertainties and at various connection points of the compensator. First, the analysis of the impact of active and reactive power injection into the power system will be carried out using a simple two-machine system model. A control strategy that optimizes active and reactive power injection at various connection points of the STATCOM will be derived using the simplified model. Small-signal analysis of the dynamic performance of the proposed control strategy will be carried out. The effectiveness of the proposed control method to provide power oscillation damping irrespective of the connection point of the device and in the presence of system parameter uncertainties will be verified through simulation and experimental results.
Etiology of Bladder Carcinoma (1934)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 1934Etiology of Bladder Carcinoma R.S. Ferguson R.S. FergusonR.S. Ferguson More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)72398-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1934 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByMcDonald D and Lund R (2018) The Role of the Urine in Vesical Neoplasm. 1. Experimental Confirmation of the Urogenous Theory of PathogenesisJournal of Urology, VOL. 71, NO. 5, (560-570), Online publication date: 1-May-1954.St. Martin E, O’Brien H and Mitchell J (2018) Multiple Tumors of the Urinary TractJournal of Urology, VOL. 64, NO. 2, (426-437), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1950. Volume 31Issue 2February 1934Page: 122-126 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1934 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information R.S. Ferguson More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Experimental and theoretical study of acceptor activation and transport properties in <i>p</i>-type AlxGa1−xN/GaN superlattices (2000)

Experimental and theoretical results of Mg-doped superlattices consisting of uniformly doped AlxGa1−xN, and GaN layers are presented. Acceptor activation energies of 70 and 58 meV are obtained for superlattice structures with an Al mole fraction of x=0.10 and 0.20 in the barrier layers, respectively. These energies are significantly lower than the activation energy measured for Mg-doped bulk GaN. At room temperature, the doped superlattices have free-hole concentrations of 2×1018 cm−3 and 4×1018 cm−3 for x=0.10 and 0.20, respectively. The increase in hole concentration with Al content of the superlattice is consistent with theory. The room temperature conductivity measured for the superlattice structures is 0.27 S/cm and 0.64 S/cm for an Al mole fraction of x=0.10 and 0.20, respectively. X-ray rocking curve data indicate excellent structural properties of the superlattices. We discuss the origin of the enhanced doping, including the role of the superlattice and piezoelectric effects. The transport properties of the superlattice normal and parallel to the superlattice planes are analyzed. In particular, the transition from a nonuniform to a uniform current distribution (current crowding) occurring in the vicinity of contacts is presented. This analysis provides a transition length of a few microns required to obtain a uniform current distribution within the superlattice structure.
Corticosteroid-Induced Differential Regulation of β-Adrenergic Receptors in Circulating Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Mononuclear Leukocytes* (1980)

A method of reproducibility measuring human leukocyte beta-adrenergic receptor density and affinity has been developed and applied to the study of receptor regulation in man. The method has the advantages of using a membrane preparation which binds highly specifically and employing techniques such as using low concentrations of [3H]dihydroalprenol, analyzing the data by computer modelling techniques, and providing data from both granulocytes and lymphocytes in the same individual to minimize measurement errors. Using this methodology, human beta-adrenergic receptor regulation is examined. Cortisone acetate was found to induce an acute rise in granulocyte beta-adrenergic receptor density and adenylate cyclase activity and an acute fall in lymphocyte beta-adrenergic receptor density. This potentially differential regulation of a single receptor subtype in two lines of leukocytes has important implications for the study of receptor regulation in man using leukocyte models.
Production of<i>S. Meliloti</i>Using Wastewater Sludge as a Raw Material: Effect of Nutrient Addition and pH Control (2002)

The utilization of wastewater sludge as a raw material for the production of legume inoculant is considered as a new viable alternative for recycling. The effect of addition of nutrient sources (yeast extract and glycerol) and the pH control on S. meliloti was investigated in a shake flask and at controlled pH in a 15 l fermentor. Different concentrations of yeast extract (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 g l(-1)) and glycerol (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 g l(-1)) were added to the secondary sludge. The cell yield as well as the generation time were affected by the addition of these nutrient sources. The maximum cell yield (8.85x10(9) cfu ml(-1)) was achieved in 32 hours of incubation with the addition of 4 g l(-1) of yeast extract. This value was 3.2 times higher than from the non-supplemented sludge. Moreover, at this yeast extract concentration, the cell concentration in the stationary phase did not decrease. The addition of glycerol to sludge samples containing 4 g l(-1) of yeast extract further improved the rhizobial growth but not significantly compared with the control. The highest yield (16.5x10(9) cfu ml(-1)) was obtained with 7.5 g l(-1) of glycerol and 4 g l(-1) of yeast extract. In fermentor experiments, pH did not seem to be a limiting factor and the increase of pH up to 8.85 in uncontrolled fermentor seems to have no effect on rhizobial growth and cell yield.
Shot Change and Stuck Pixel Detection of Digital Video Assets (2018)

In this paper, we address two significant components of typical post-production workflows in current entertainment industry: (a) shot change detection and (b) dead- or stuck-pixel detection. The former involves identifying precise temporal boundaries of cinematographic content in order to analyze quality of cuts, while the latter is useful for localizing and correcting spatial anomalies that emerge during the image acquisition step due to faulty sensors. To address the aforementioned, we devise two novel data-driven approaches and demonstrate their portability, scalability, and efficacy through two respective cloud computing-based implementations. Our approaches show promising results on our in-house data set of a large number of movie titles indicating their effectiveness.
Single‐isomer sulfated α‐cyclodextrins for capillary electrophoresis. Part 2. Hexakis(6‐<b><i>O</i></b>‐sulfo)‐α‐cyclodextrin: Synthesis, analytical characterization, and initial screening tests (2004)

The second member of the family of single-isomer sulfated alpha-cyclodextrins, the sodium salt of hexakis(6-O-sulfo)-alpha-cyclodextrin (HxS), has been synthesized, analytically characterized, and used as the resolving agent for the capillary electrophoretic separation of the enantiomers of nonionic, weak-acid and weak-base analytes present in our initial screening kit. HxS interacted less strongly with many of the analytes tested than the larger-ring analogs, heptakis(6-O-sulfo)-beta-cyclodextrin (HS) and octakis(6-O-sulfo)-gamma-cyclodextrin (OS). For some of the analytes, the separation selectivities obtained with HxS were complementary to those observed with hexakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-sulfo)-alpha-cyclodextrin (HxDAS), HS, and OS. For all analytes, the effective mobilities and separation selectivities as a function of the background electrolyte concentration of HxS followed the trends that were found for HxDAS, HS, and OS.
A garbage can model for Schumpeterian process: the network effects (2008)

Through interactive learning activities of technology based entrepreneurs and their potential customers, novel combinations of technology components are developed into vehicles of customer values. This study treats technological possibilities and customers' latent needs as the dimensions of an inter organisational Garbage-Can space, inside of which learning agents from the demand and supply sides interact. It simulates an ongoing Schumpeterian process ('creative destruction') to investigate the influences of social network, boundary-spanning organisations and demand-side innovativeness.
Discrimination of Viable and Dead Fecal <i>Bacteroidales</i> Bacteria by Quantitative PCR with Propidium Monoazide (2009)

Propidium monoazide (PMA) was optimized to discriminate between viable and dead Bacteroides fragilis cells and extracellular DNA at different concentrations of solids using quantitative PCR. Conditions of 100 microM PMA and a 10-min light exposure also excluded DNA from heat-treated cells of nonculturable Bacteroidales in human feces and wastewater influent and effluent.
The E6 and E7 genes of HPV-18 are sufficient for inducing two-stage in vitro transformation of human keratinocytes. (1989)

Using a recently described keratinocyte assay, we demonstrate that HPV-18 DNA induces two progressive steps in cellular transformation (a large cell and a small cell stage). Both steps of this keratinocyte transformation can be achieved with a subgenomic fragment containing only the HPV-18 regulatory region and E6/E7 genes. Similar to cell lines transformed by the complete HPV-18 genome, keratinocytes transformed by the HPV-18 E6/E7 genes express the major early viral protein (E7) but are non-tumorigenic in nude mice. Interestingly, HPV-18 DNA was noted to be 5 times more efficient than HPV-16 DNA for in vitro keratinocyte transformation, regardless of the method of DNA transfection.
Baicalein Inhibits Formation of α‐Synuclein Oligomers within Living Cells and Prevents Aβ Peptide Fibrillation and Oligomerisation (2011)

Abnormal protein aggregation in the brain is linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies revealed that the oligomeric form of aggregates is most likely the toxic species, and thus could be a good therapeutic target. To screen for potent inhibitors that can inhibit both oligomerisation and fibrillation of α-synuclein (α-syn), we systematically compared the antioligomeric and antifibrillar activities of eight compounds that were extracted from Chinese herbal medicines through three platforms that can monitor the formation of α-syn fibrils and oligomers in cell-free or cellular systems. Our results revealed that baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ("huang qin" in Chinese), is a potent inhibitor of α-syn oligomerisation both in cell-free and cellular systems, and is also an effective inhibitor of α-syn fibrillation in cell-free systems. We further tested the protective effect of baicalein against α-syn-oligomer-induced toxicity in neuronal cells. Our data showed that baicalein inhibited the formation of α-syn oligomers in SH-SY5Y and Hela cells, and protected SH-SY5Y cells from α-syn-oligomer-induced toxicity. We also explored the effect of baicalein on amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregation and toxicity. We found that baicalein can also inhibit Aβ fibrillation and oligomerisation, disaggregate pre-formed Aβ amyloid fibrils and prevent Aβ fibril-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. Our study indicates that baicalein is a good inhibitor of amyloid protein aggregation and toxicity. Given the role of these processes in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD, our results suggest that baicalein has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of these devastating disorders.
Joint Parsimonious Modeling and Model Order Selection for Multivariate Gaussian Mixtures (2010)

Multivariate Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are widely for density estimation, model-based data clustering, and statistical classification. A difficult problem is estimating the model order, i.e., the number of mixture components, and model structure. Use of full covariance matrices, with number of parameters quadratic in the feature dimension, entails high model complexity, and thus may underestimate order, while naive Bayes mixtures may introduce model bias and lead to order overestimates. We develop a parsimonious modeling and model order and structure selection method for GMMs which allows for and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">optimizes over</i> parameter tying configurations across mixture components applied to each individual parameter, including the covariates. We derive a generalized Expectation-Maximization algorithm for [(Bayesian information criterion (BIC)-based] penalized likelihood minimization. This, coupled with sequential model order reduction, forms our joint learning and model selection. Our method searches over a rich space of models and, consistent with minimizing BIC, achieves fine-grained matching of model complexity to the available data. We have found our method to be effective and largely robust in learning accurate model orders and parameter-tying structures for simulated ground-truth mixtures. We compared against naive Bayes and standard full-covariance GMMs for several criteria: 1) model order and structure accuracy (for synthetic data sets); 2) test set log-likelihood; 3) unsupervised classification accuracy; and 4) accuracy when class-conditional mixtures are used in a plug-in Bayes classifier. Our method, which chooses model orders intermediate between standard and naive Bayes GMMs, gives improved accuracy with respect to each of these performance measures.
Substituent effects in dinuclear paddlewheel compounds: electrochemical and spectroscopic investigations (1998)

This review summarizes substituent effects in dinuclear compounds supported by diarylformamidinate (form) ligands, where aryl is phenyl substituted with various polar groups (X). These dinuclear compounds, M2(form)4(Lax)m with M as Mo, Ru, Rh, or Ni, Lax as either neutral or anionic axial ligand, and m=0–2, may undergo up to three (quasi)reversible one-electron, metal-centered redox processes. Linear correlations have been established between the electrode potentials (E1/2, Epc or Epa) and the substituent constants (σ) according to the following Hammett equation: ΔE=E(X)−E(H)=ρ(Σ σ), with the reaction constant ρ ranging from +60 to +100 mV. The existence of such relationships indicates that the energy levels of the frontier orbitals of dinuclear species are controlled precisely by the substituent within each series, and generally decrease with an increase in the electron withdrawing ability of the substituent. However, nearly identical UV–vis absorption spectra were observed within each homologous series, and one can infer a minimal substituent perturbation on the distribution of upper valence molecular orbitals. Axial ligation of organic π acids such as CO and phenylacetylide in both the diruthenium and dirhodium series also provides insight to the activation of these substrates by the dinuclear core, and the linear free energy relationship therein. A brief overview of other investigations of substituent effects in dinuclear compounds is provided also.
A Covalent‐Chemistry Approach to Giant Macromolecules and Their Wetting Behavior on Solid Substrates (2004)

Hair raising! Poly(methyl methacrylate) chains grown on a dendronized polymer (denpol) having repeat units with terminal 2-bromoisobutyramide groups produce a hairy surface. When adsorbed on mica, MoS2, and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, the hairy denpol molecules have a quasi two dimensional backbone conformation. The 50-nm-long hairs bend back on the MoS2 (see image) and graphite substrates. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z460390_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
p300/CBP-associated Factor Histone Acetyltransferase Processing of a Peptide Substrate (2000)

p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) is a histone acetyltransferase that plays an important role in the remodeling of chromatin and the regulation of gene expression. It has been shown to catalyze preferentially acetylation of the epsilon-amino group of lysine 14 in histone H3. In this study, the kinetic mechanism of PCAF was evaluated with a 20-amino acid peptide substrate derived from the amino terminus of histone H3 (H3-20) and recombinant bacterially expressed PCAF catalytic domain (PCAF(cat)). The enzymologic behavior of full-length PCAF and PCAF(cat) were shown to be similar. PCAF-catalyzed acetylation of the substrate H3-20 was shown to be specific for Lys-14, analogous to its behavior with the full-length histone H3 protein. Two-substrate kinetic analysis displayed an intersecting line pattern, consistent with a ternary complex mechanism for PCAF. The dead-end inhibitor analog desulfo-CoA was competitive versus acetyl-CoA and noncompetitive versus H3-20. The dead-end analog inhibitor H3-20 K14A was competitive versus H3-20 and uncompetitive versus acetyl-CoA. The potent bisubstrate analog inhibitor H3-CoA-20 was competitive versus acetyl-CoA and noncompetitive versus H3-20. Taken together, these inhibition patterns support an ordered BiBi kinetic mechanism for PCAF in which acetyl-CoA binding precedes H3-20 binding. Viscosity experiments suggest that diffusional release of product is not rate-determining for PCAF catalysis. These results provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the detailed catalytic behavior of an important subset of the histone acetyltransferases and have significant implications for molecular regulation of and inhibitor design for these enzymes.
RF Self-Interference Cancellation Using Phase Modulation and Optical Sideband Filtering (2017)

A novel optical approach to implement RF self-interference cancellation for full-duplex communication using phase modulation and optical sideband filtering is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. Based on the inherent out-of-phase property between the left and right sidebands of phase-modulated signal and optical sideband filtering, the RF self-interference cancellation is achieved by tuning the delay time and amplitude in the optical domain. RF self-interference cancellation for single frequency and microwave with various bandwidths of 1, 5, and 10 MHz is experimentally demonstrated to verify the proposed technique.