gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preposterous Histories (2010)

This article explores maternal desire, loss, and control by reading Carolee Schneemann's performance Interior Scroll (1975) through Tracey Emin's photographic print I've Got It All (2000). More specifically, I consider Schneemann's work on the energy of female sexuality and maternal desire through Emin's recurrent visualizations of sexuality and maternal loss. The artists' refusal to disengage with the commodified (dis)pleasures of femininity leads me to consider the differently contextualized handling of these issues in each artwork. I explore the mediation of the body of each artist by positioning Emin's work as a “source” for my reading of Schneemann's performance. Invoking the notion of “preposterous history” (Bal 1999), I argue that the concepts of the “live” and the “mediated” are differently intensified by operating outside of the constraints of chronology. Hence the inter-generational dialogue between these particular female artists, whose work has been produced at different historical moments, is itself generative of thoughts and ideas that are irreducible to the individual works.
Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of COVID-19 blood, lung, and airway (2021)

SARS-CoV2 is a previously uncharacterized coronavirus and causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The host response to SARS-CoV2 has not yet been fully delineated, hampering a precise approach to therapy. To address this, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of gene expression data from the blood, lung, and airway of COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that COVID-19 pathogenesis is driven by populations of myeloid-lineage cells with highly inflammatory but distinct transcriptional signatures in each compartment. The relative absence of cytotoxic cells in the lung suggests a model in which delayed clearance of the virus may permit exaggerated myeloid cell activation that contributes to disease pathogenesis by the production of inflammatory mediators. The gene expression profiles also identify potential therapeutic targets that could be modified with available drugs. The data suggest that transcriptomic profiling can provide an understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in individual patients.
Diffusion‐weighted DESS protocol optimization for simultaneous mapping of the mean diffusivity, proton density and relaxation times at 3 Tesla (2016)

Within the optimization framework presented here, DW-DESS images can be quantitatively interpreted to yield four intrinsic parameters of the tissue. Currently, the method is limited by the sensitivity of the DW-DESS sequence in terms of physiological motion. Magn Reson Med 78:130-141, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Characterization of human and mouse granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factors derived from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1987)

Human and mouse granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factors (hGM-CSF and mGM-CSF, respectively), isolated from Escherichia coli cells expressing the corresponding human and mouse genes, have been characterized. The observed properties of the proteins have been compared with those properties which can be deduced from the DNA sequence alone and the published properties of natural GM-CSFs. The purified E. coli-derived proteins were found to have the expected molecular masses, amino acid compositions and N- and C-terminal amino acid sequences. The finding of 70-90% unprocessed N-terminal methionine for both proteins is discussed. The four Cys residues were found to be involved in two intramolecular disulphide bonds, linking the first and third, and second and fourth Cys residues. This disulphide bond arrangement is probably the one existing in natural material, since, although not glycosylated, both E. coli-derived proteins showed biological activity (colony stimulating assay for hGM-CSF, and cell proliferation assay for mGM-CSF) comparable with that reported for the respective proteins purified from animal cells.
A spontaneous code recommendation tool based on associative search (2011)

We present Selene, a source code recommendation tool based on an associative search engine. It spontaneously searches and displays example programs while the developer is editing a program text. By using an associative search engine, it can search a repository of two million example programs within a few seconds. This paper discusses issues that are revealed by our ongoing implementation of Selene, in particular those of performance, similarity measures and user interface.
Minocycline protects PC12 cells from ischemic-like injury and inhibits 5-lipoxygenase activation (2004)

Minocycline protects animals against cerebral ischemia by inhibiting inflammation. To determine whether minocycline protects PC12 cells from in vitro ischemic-like injury and affects pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase activation, the cell viability and 5-lipoxygenase translocation to nuclear membrane were observed after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). We found that OGD reduced cell viability, which was attenuated by minocycline and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor caffeic acid. 5-Lipoxygenase protein was detected in PC12 cells by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. OGD induced 5-lipoxygenase translocation to nuclear membranes, which was abolished by minocycline and caffeic acid. Thus, minocycline can protect PC12 cells from in vitro ischemic-like injury, and this effect may be partly related to the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase activation.
Characterization of (1,3)- -glucan synthase in Candida albicans: microsomal assay from the yeast or mycelial morphological forms and a permeabilized whole-cell assay (1994)

A systematic evaluation of the in vitro (1,3)-beta-glucan synthase assay parameters was performed using microsomes prepared from Candida albicans from either yeast or mycelial phase cells. Enzyme activities of both yeast and mycelial phase microsomes depended on the presence of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiophosphate) and either bovine serum albumin or a detergent [W-1 (polyoxyethylene ether detergent) or Brij-35 (polyoxyethylene ether, 23 lauryl ether)]. Brij-35 was included in standard assays as it was compatible with the permeabilized whole-cell assay. Microsomes derived from both the yeast and mycelial phases generally yielded similar glucan synthase activities under a range of different assay conditions. Brij-35 significantly stabilized the enzyme, yielding a half-life of 5.6 d at 4 degrees C, compared with 0.9 d without detergent. The addition of detergent during mechanical breakage of yeast cells dramatically improved glucan synthase stability and activity. Enzyme catalysis was linear for at least 75 min with 100 micrograms protein from microsomes of yeast cells grown to mid-exponential phase, with an apparent Km for UDP-glucose of 1.1 mM. The pH and temperature optima were 7.75 and 30 degrees C, respectively. Glucan synthase activity was highest in cells derived from early mid-exponential phase and declined to a basal level by stationary phase. A permeabilization-based in situ assay for glucan synthase was developed. Cells were permeabilized with 2% (v/v) solution of toluene/methanol (1:1) and assayed for glucan synthase activity using standard reaction mixtures. Reactions were linear for 30 min and were inhibited by known inhibitors of glucan synthesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 on the suppression of myostatin gene expression induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (2008)

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2) has an inhibitory effect on the expression of the myostatin gene in murine C2C12 myoblasts, as shown in our recent investigation. To further verify the regulatory effects of bFGF on the myostatin gene and to better understand its mechanism in skeletal muscle, and to promote clinical applications of bFGF to treat skeletal muscle diseases correlated to muscular dystrophy or AIDS and so on, recombinant human bFGF (rh-bFGF) was added into media and stimulated murine C2C12 myoblasts to investigate the dose-dependent effect of bFGF on suppression of myostatin gene expression and the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the regulatory mechanism. Simultaneously, complete coding sequence of ovine?8 kDa-bFGF gene was inserted into eukaryotic vector pCMV-neo (originated from pEGFP-N1 vector, from which the EGFP gene has been removed), the recombinant plasmid pCMV-neo-bFGF was harvested and injected into the mouse skeletal muscle of posterior limb. Expression levels of bFGF, myostatin, and ERK1/2 genes in murine C2C12 myoblasts and the skeletal muscle were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. The results showed that bFGF impaired the expression of myostatin gene in a dose-dependent manner in C2C12 cells, with increasing concentration of rh-bFGF, myostatin mRNA declined gradually. In addition, results in skeletal muscle indicated that bFGF also suppressed the expression of the myostatin gene in vivo. Furthermore, we found ERK1/2 participated in the regulatory mechanism of bFGF on the expression of the myostatin gene.
Technical access control systems. The development of a corporate security strategy (2002)

This paper examines the development by the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) of a Corporate Security Strategy for the gradual procurement of Technical Access Control Systems (TACS) within its Defence Estate. Some of the main tenets of the Strategy included the production of comprehensive Statements of Requirement, the application of risk management techniques, the development of pilot/model installations and the introduction of template designs based upon the size and functionality of its establishments. In addition, the MOD recognized the importance of specialist site-specific surveys and of developing an effective procurement route. There was a need for centralised control and coordination of the overall programme and of the specific technology, installation and audit processes. As a result, the development of the strategy for the installation of TACS has produced an over-arching model for the introduction of other security technologies within MOD.
Global Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS (2001)

This review provides information on the epidemiology, economic impact, and intervention strategies for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS pandemic in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) at the end of 1999, an estimated 34.3 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. Most of the people living with HIV, 95% of the global total, live in developing countries. Examples of the impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Newly Independent States provide insight into the demographics, modes of exposure, treatment and prevention options, and the economic effect of the epidemic on the global community. The epidemic in each region of the world is influenced by the specific risk factors that are associated with the spread of HIV/AIDS and the responses that have evolved to address it. These influences are important in developing HIV/AIDS policies and programs to effectively address the global pandemic.
Chemical Composition of the Fixed and Volatile Oils of Nigella sativa L. from Iran (2003)

The chemical composition of the extracted fixed oil (total fatty acid composition) and volatile oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds grown in Iran were determined by GC and GC/MS. Eight fatty acids (99.5%) and thirty-two compounds (86.7%) have been identified in the fixed and volatile oils, respectively. The main fatty acids of the fixed oil were linoleic acid (55.6%), oleic acid (23.4%), and palmitic acid (12.5%). The major compounds of the volatile oil were trans-anethole (38.3%), p-cymene (14.8%), limonene (4.3%), and carvone (4.0%).
Epoxides and aziridines - a mini review (2005)

Three-membered heterocyclic rings offer an uncommon combination of reactivity, synthetic flexibility, and atom economy.This mini review surveys a selection of the most recent advances amongst epoxides and aziridines.Emphasis is given to novel synthetic methods and new insights into existing methodologies for the selective construction and controlled reaction of the title compounds reported in the past year's literature.While not the exclusive focus of this minireview, well-represented themes in the literature include asymmetric techniques and environmentally compatible reagents.
Interference cancellation schemes for a dual-rate variable processing gain DS/CDMA system (2002)

The existing multi-stage interference cancellation (IC) schemes have been extended to be specialized for the dual-rate DS/CDMA system with variable processing gains subject to the graded power control. The bit error rate performance using these IC schemes for the dual-rate DS/CDMA system is analytically derived under a frequency non-selective fading channel. Numerical examples in this analysis demonstrate that the rate-dependent near-far effect can be effectively eliminated with the proposed approaches under unfavorable situation of the graded power control, which incurs additional interference in the variable processing gain DS/CDMA system.
Alterations in the Structure of the Oligosaccharide of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G Protein by Swainsonine (1983)

Swainsonine, an inhibitor of glycoprotein processing, inhibits the formation of the normal oligosaccharide chain of the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus. Thus, when vesicular stomatitis virus was grown in baby hamster kidney cells in the presence of swainsonine (15 to 500 ng/ml) and labeled with [2-(3)H]mannose, the oligosaccharide portion of the G protein was completely susceptible to the action of endoglucosaminidase H. However, the normal viral glycoprotein is not susceptible to this enzyme. Various enzymatic treatments and methylation studies of the mannose-labeled oligosaccharides suggest that swainsonine causes the formation of a hybrid-type oligosaccharide having an oligomannosyl core (Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-Asn) characteristic of neutral oligosaccharides plus the branch structure (NeuNAc-Gal-GlcNAc) characteristic of the complex oligosaccharides. A structure for this hybrid oligosaccharide is proposed. Swainsonine had no effect on the incorporation of [(14)C]leucine into viral proteins, nor did it change the number of PFU produced in these cultures. It did, however, slightly decrease the incorporation of [(3)H]glucosamine and increase the incorporation of [(3)H]mannose. Vesicular stomatitis virus raised in the presence of swainsonine bound much more tightly to columns of concanavalin A-Sepharose than did control virus. Swainsonine had to be added within the first 4 or 5 h of virus infection to be effective. Thus, when 100 ng of the alkaloid per ml was added at any time within the first 3 h of infection, essentially all of the glycoprotein was susceptible to digestion by endoglucosaminidase H. However, when swainsonine was added 4 h after the start of infection, 30% of the glycopeptides became resistant to endoglucosaminidase H; at 5 h, 70% were resistant. The effect of swainsonine was reversible since removal of the alkaloid allowed the cells to form the normal complex glycoproteins. However, the time of removal was critical in terms of oligosaccharide structure.
Antigen-presenting dendritic cells provide the reducing extracellular microenvironment required for T lymphocyte activation (2002)

T lymphocytes are defective in cystine uptake and thus require exogenous thiols for activation and function. Here we show that monocyte-derived human dendritic cells (DCs) release cysteine in the extracellular space. Cysteine generation is increased by lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and by contact with T cells specifically recognizing soluble or alloantigens. These stimuli also induce thioredoxin (TRX) accumulation in DCs. However, only the contact with antigen-specific T cells triggers TRX secretion by the antigen-presenting cells. Fewer extracellular thiols are recovered after DC-T cell interactions when cystine uptake or TRX activity are inhibited. In addition, glutamate (Glu) and anti-TRX-inactivating antibodies inhibit antigen-dependent T lymphocyte proliferation. These findings indicate that, during antigen presentation, DCs uptake cystine and release cysteine and TRX, thus providing a reducing microenvironment that facilitates immune response.
On management of CATV full service networks: a European perspective (1998)

The CATV network operators hope to offer digital services and evolve their networks to full service networks. There are many hurdles for them at the moment in the transition to a digital network and digital service offering from the current analog-based technology. Key to the success of the transition will be a well-integrated and capable management system to allow CATV operators and service providers to control the network as well as the services they will offer. The CATV operators need to agree on a common data communication infrastructure and plan how their new digital services will be offered to subscribers without disrupting the current customer base of analog service users. The choice of network technology and data communication protocols will have a strong influence on the network management technology chosen. A vital element for the provision of a common open communication architecture as well as for the purposes of network management is that the IP is used. The adoption of existing standards is vital in order to establish a fast route to open network management for CATV networks. It is possible that CATV operators and service providers will have to integrate existing SNMP management systems and TMN/OSI management, with newer integrated service management systems based on TINA and implemented on a CORBA platform. There is a strong need to address security issues before any of these technologies can be deployed for service. There is currently investment (deployed systems and research) which uses each of the technologies mentioned, so these technologies will need to coexist. This article highlights the differences between the North American and European network architectures, and outlines the European network and network management scenario. This is based on the authors involvement in a Pan-European CATV project, Integrated Broadband Communication over Broadcast Networks-IBCoBN.
Suppression of the Eag1 potassium channel sensitizes glioblastoma cells to injury caused by temozolomide (2016)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of human primary brain tumor. The standard treatment protocol includes radiotherapy in combination with temozolomide (TMZ). Despite advances in GBM treatment, the survival time of patients diagnosed with glioma is 14.5 months. Regarding tumor biology, various types of cancer cell overexpress the ether à go-go 1 (Eag1) potassium channel. Therefore, the present study examined the role of Eag1 in the cell damage caused by TMZ on the U87MG glioblastoma cell line. Eag1 was inhibited using a channel blocker (astemizole) or silenced by a short-hairpin RNA expression vector (pKv10.1-3). pKv10.1-3 (0.2 µg) improved the Eag1 silencing caused by 250 µM TMZ, as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. Additionally, inhibiting Eag1 with the vector or astemizole (5 µM) reduced glioblastoma cell viability and sensitized cells to TMZ. Cell viability decreased by 63% for pKv10.1-3 + TMZ compared with 34% for TMZ alone, and by 77% for astemizole + TMZ compared with 46% for TMZ alone, as determined by MTT assay. In addition, both the vector and astemizole increased the apoptosis rate of glioblastoma cells triggered by TMZ, as determined by an Annexin V apoptosis assay. Collectively, the current data reveal that Eag1 has a role in the damage caused to glioblastoma by TMZ. Furthermore, suppression of this channel can improve the action of TMZ on U87MG glioblastoma cells. Thus, silencing Eag1 is a promising strategy to improve GBM treatment and merits additional studies in animal models of glioma.
High serum and synovial fluid granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (2001)

Our results suggest that G-CSF produced by synovial cells stimulated by inflammatory cytokines might contribute to inflammatory arthritis in RA patients.
Pharmacognostical Investigation of Acori Rhizomes. Part III. DNA Profiling of Acorus calamus Chemotypes Differing in Essential Oil Composition. (1999)

The phylogenetic relationship of Acorus gramineus and three types of Acorus calamus was analyzed by comparing the 700 bp sequence of a 5S-rRNA gene spacer region. Although there was no intra-specific variation in the essential oil profile of A. gramineus which contained a phenylpropanoid (Z-asarone) as a predominant constituent, A. calamus was classified into two chemotypes: chemotype A in which Z-asarone is a major essential oil constituent and chemotype B which contained sesquiterpenoids predominantly. An intermediate type (M) of these two chemotypes in various ratios was also observable. The NJ tree constructed based on the sequences revealed that A. gramineus was clearly distinguished from any of the chemotypes of A. calamus and that the phylogenetic relationship predicted by the spacer region data correlated well with the essential oil chemotype pattern of A. calamus.
In vivo determination of the optical properties of infant brain using frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (2005)

We investigate the optical properties of the brain in 23 neonates in vivo using a frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In this study, a calibration procedure is employed to determine the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients with single source-detector separation. The absorption coefficients of the infant foreheads are lower than the values reported in adults. A large intersubject variation in the reduced scattering coefficients is also demonstrated. Furthermore, physiological parameters are derived from the absorption coefficients at two wavelengths (788 and 832 nm). The mean total hemoglobin concentration (THC) is 39.7+/-9.8 microM and the mean cerebral blood oxygen saturation (StO2) is 58.7+/-11.2%. Our preliminary results show that this bedside frequent domain NIRS could provide quantitative optical measurement of the infant brain.
Monoclonal Antibodies against Specific p53 Hotspot Mutants as Potential Tools for Precision Medicine (2018)

The large number of mutations identified across all cancers represents an untapped reservoir of targets that can be useful for therapeutic targeting if highly selective, mutation-specific reagents are available. We report here our attempt to generate such reagents: monoclonal antibodies against the most common R175H, R248Q, and R273H hotspot mutants of the tumor suppressor p53. These antibodies recognize their intended specific alterations without any cross-reactivity against wild-type (WT) p53 or other p53 mutants, including at the same position (as exemplified by anti-R248Q antibody, which does not recognize the R248W mutation), evaluated by direct immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence methods on transfected and endogenous proteins. Moreover, their clinical utility to diagnose the presence of specific p53 mutants in human tumor microarrays by immunohistochemistry is also shown. Together, the data demonstrate that antibodies against specific single-amino-acid alterations can be generated reproducibly and highlight their utility, which could potentially be extended to therapeutic settings.