gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of polyamine oxidase improves the antitumoral effect of ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors. (1987)

Specific inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity prevents the formation of putrescine from ornithine and decreases spermidine levels of slow-growing organs by about 20%. However, spermidine levels of rapidly growing tissues, such as tumors, may under the same conditions be decreased by as much as 60%. Inactivation of polyamine oxidase prevents oxidative splitting of N1-acetylspermidine and N1-acetylspermine and therefore the reutilization of putrescine for de novo polyamine biosynthesis. Prolonged inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine oxidase activities leads in all normal tissues studied so far to a decrease of the spermidine concentration by 50% or more, demonstrating the general physiological significance of polyamine reutilization. In this work the role of polyamine reutilization in tumors was studied. Combined treatment with the inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase, alpha-difluoromethylornithine or (2R, 5R)-6-heptyne-2,5-diamine, and N1, N4-bis-allenylputrescine, an inhibitor of polyamine oxidase, produced a more marked depletion of the polyamine contents of L1210 ascitic cells and of Lewis lung carcinoma, than treatment with either compound alone. Concomitantly, the proliferative activity of these tumors decreased significantly below the value that was observed after treatment with an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor alone. Our results demonstrate that polyamines which are produced by the interconversion pathway are used by the tumors in order to cover their polyamine requirement.
Genotyping of Two Mutations in the HFE Gene Using Single-Base Extension and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2001)

Currently, a major focus of human genetics is the utilization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for clinical diagnostics, whole-genome linkage disequilibrium screens to identify common disease genes such as Alzheimer disease, determination of the recent evolutionary history of a species, and the process of speciation. We have examined single-nucleotide extension coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography as a method to simultaneously genotype two SNPs occurring in the coding region of the HFE gene that produce clinical effects. This assay allows concurrent genotyping of the C282Y and H63D mutations in 11 min and is 100% concordant with current testing methods for both of these mutations.
Description of the primary flight display and flight guidance system logic in the NASA B-737 transport systems research vehicle (1990)

A primary flight display format was integrated with the flight guidance and control system logic in support of various flight tests conducted with the NASA Transport Systems Research Vehicle B-737-100 airplane. The functional operation of the flight guidance mode control panel and the corresponding primary flight display formats are presented.
Exhaustive Extraction of Compounds from Pomegranate Peel and Flesh Using Solvents of Varying Polarity (2017)

Pomegranate fruit is the most studied part of punica granatum shrub. The fruit contains enormous amount of polyphenol compounds in the peel and arils (flesh) which are responsible for its antioxidant activity. The polyphenols present are of varying degree of lipophilicity and thus would require solvents of varying polarity to extract them. In this study, the effects of solvent type and homogenisation on extraction yield were considered. The fruit was first separated into peel and flesh and subsequently, one half of each of the peel and flesh were separately homogenised. Ethanol, ethylacetate and hexane were used to extract the polyphenol content of each of the four samples; non-homogenised peel (NP), non-homogenised flesh (NF), homogenised peel (HP) and homogenised flesh (HF) in decreasing order of polarity using maceration method. The extraction was carried out successively using the residue recovered from previous extraction. Ethanol was used for a second time to complete the extraction process. The total extractive yield from the four samples were 27.19, 26.04, 25.03 and 15.61 for HP, NP, HF and NF respectively. The experiment has demonstrated that maceration process can be used to extract compounds from pomegranate to give a yield similar to more sophisticated method and ethanol is a suitable solvent for extracting hydrophilic compounds from the fruit.
Die Modifizierung ungesättigter Polyester mit Dicyclopentadien (1964)

Abstract In der Fachliteratur sind mehrere Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dicyclopentadien‐modifizierten ungesättigten Polyestern beschrieben. Sie unterscheiden sich vor allem durch die Art der Temperaturführung während der Kondensation und durch den Zeitpunkt des Dicyclopentadien‐Einbaues in die betreffenden Harze. In der folgenden Arbeit wird an Hand von quantitativen Analysen der Polyester gezeigt, daß sowohl die Temperaturführung als auch der Zeitpunkt des Dicyclopentadien‐Einbaues Einfluß auf die späteren Eigenschaften des Harzes haben, da die Umsetzung zwischen Dicyclopentadien und den übrigen Polyester‐Komponenten in starkem Maße temperaturabhängig ist. Die Ergebnisse dieser analytischen Untersuchungen ermöglichen die Herstellung von Dicyclopentadien‐modifizierten ungesättigten Polyestern mit optimalen Eigenschaften.
Stuck in the Middle: The Challenges of User-Centered Design and Evaluation for Infrastructure (2003)

Infrastructure software comprises code libraries or runtime processes that support the development or operation of application software. A particular infrastructure system may support certain styles of application, and may even determine the features of applications built using it. This poses a challenge: although we have good techniques for designing and evaluating interactive applications, our techniques for designing and evaluating infrastructure intended to support these applications are much less well formed. In this paper, we reflect on case studies of two infrastructure systems for interactive applications. We look at how traditional user-centered techniques, while appropriate for application design and evaluation, fail to properly support infrastructure design and evaluation. We present a set of lessons from our experience, and conclude with suggestions for better user-centered design and evaluation of infrastructure software.
A Surface-Active Agent from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Influences Staphylococcal Adhesion and Biofilm Development (2007)

Bacterial biofilms which are responsible for a number of diseases are very difficult to control effectively because of their high resistance to antibiotics and the host defence system. The use of natural products decreasing or preventing initial adhesion of bacteria and biofilm formation is one of the alternative therapeutic strategies taken into consideration. We ask the question, whether a crude extract from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (mannoprotein), which possesses surfactant activity, may be used as inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis biofilm development. By using the "bactericidal spot assay" it was demonstrated that mannoprotein had no direct antibiotic activity against the tested strains. The influence of this extract on initial adhesion, biofilm formation and dispersal of preformed biofilms was studied using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. In this assay, live bacteria with an active electron transport system reduce the tetrazolium salt to a water-soluble purple formazan product, and optical density reading (A550) values are directly dependent on their cell numbers. Yeast-derived surfactant, when adsorbed in the microplate wells or present in the medium, was effective both in decreasing the initial deposition of staphylococci and in reducing the amount of growing biofilm, quantitated after 24 h of co-incubation with the bacteria. It also changed the parameters of biofilm morphology analyzed by PHLIP - the confocal laser scanning microscopy image quantification package. Mannoprotein also accelerated the detachment of mature staphylococcal biofilms, preformed in optimal conditions. It was concluded that mannoprotein anti-biofilm action reflects its influence on cell surface hydrophobicity.
Visualizing Laser Scanner Data for Bridge Inspection (2010)

© 2010 International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction I.A.A.R.C). All rights reserved.Laser scanners are being used for the geometric assessment of bridges due to their ability of capturing dense point clouds about an environment very quickly. As important as the geometric data collection, is the timely and intuitive interpretation of such point cloud data (PCD) enabled through effective visualization techniques. In this study, using PCD of a highway bridge, we evaluated different 3D visualization techniques to support a variety of bridge inspection tasks. The visualized geometric items include a) points, b) lines, and c) surfaces. The visualization techniques evaluated for these items include: a) wireframes for visualizing surfaces, b) cross sections for visualizing 2D profiles, c) colours for visualizing values of interest from virtual inspection point of views (e.g., deviations), d) lighting directions for rendering 3D scenes, and e) contours for visualizing statistical data patterns. The evaluated techniques show differences in supporting the visualization of geometric data through better utilization of the raw data. This paper discusses these differences in visualizing geometric items to support a variety of inspection requirements of bridge inspectors.
Synthesis and reactions of 5,6‐dichloro‐3‐nitropyrazinamine (1983)

Abstract The synthesis of 5, 6‐dichloro‐3‐nitropyrazinamine has been carried out by decarboxylative nitration of 5, 6‐dichloro‐3‐nitropyrazine‐2‐carboxylic acid. The nitro heterocycle was found to undergo a variety of reactions, which include nucleophilic displacement of the 6‐chloro group by amines, acetylation of the free amino group with acetyl chloride, bromo‐deamination with isoamylnitrite in bromoform, as well as the formation of imidazolo and triazolo condensed ring systems.
<b>Early and Late Results of the Self‐Expanding Nitinol Stents</b>: Interim Report from a Multicenter European Study (1997)

The nitinol self‐expanding coil stent is unique in its mechanism of deployment and in the way radial arterial expansion is achieved, characterized by a combination of self‐ and balloon‐assisted expansion, and long‐term outside radial expansion force on the vessel wall. The initial acute and long‐term angiographic results in the first cohort of patients with simple and complex lesion morphology are presented. Eighty‐six self‐expanding nitinol coronary stents were implanted in 62 consecutive patients in our center. There were nine chronic total occlusions and 53 patients with suboptimal results. After stent deployment, within‐stent balloon dilatation to the nominal stent size at pressures ranging between 12 and 14 atm were performed in all cases. Angioplasty increased the minimal lumen diameter (MLD) from 1.04 ± 0.73 mm at baseline to 2.24 ± 0.57 mm; stent deployment further increased MLD to 2.43 ± 0.48 mm, and within‐stent balloon dilatation to 2.87 ± 0.62 mm. During follow‐up, five patients required target lesion revascularization; there was one noncardiac death, but no myocardial infarctions. In 37 patients, angiography was done 6‐9 months post stenting. Restenosis was detected in six patients; the MLD was 2.30 ± 0.98 mm, and the stent diameter 3.05 ± 0.60 mm. These represent favorable long‐term results of this new stent. Summary The experimental and clinical results of the self‐expanding nitinol coil stent have been reviewed. Animal data have shown that the stent is safe and provokes a mild proliferative response, similar to previously studied balloon‐expandable stents. Data from femoral and popliteal arteries are supportive of long‐term patency in these arteries, which are typically associated with unfavorable results from other stents. Data from coronary implantations in patients show that the stent can be safely used to treat coronary lesions of both simple and complex natures. Long‐term results of these patients compare favorably with existing data in similar lesions using other stents. A larger clinical trial using the new flat wire design stent is required to test whether further stent expansion may contribute to low restenosis rates.
Suppression of Nucleotide Metabolism Underlies the Establishment and Maintenance of Oncogene-Induced Senescence (2013)

Oncogene-induced senescence is characterized by a stable cell growth arrest, thus providing a tumor suppression mechanism. However, the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon remain unknown. Here, we show that a decrease in deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) levels underlies oncogene-induced stable senescence-associated cell growth arrest. The decrease in dNTP levels is caused by oncogene-induced repression of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2), a rate-limiting protein in dNTP synthesis. This precedes the senescence-associated cell-cycle exit and coincides with the DNA damage response. Consistently, RRM2 downregulation is both necessary and sufficient for senescence. Strikingly, suppression of nucleotide metabolism by RRM2 repression is also necessary for maintenance of the stable senescence-associated cell growth arrest. Furthermore, RRM2 repression correlates with senescence status in benign nevi and melanoma, and its knockdown drives senescence of melanoma cells. These data reveal the molecular basis whereby the stable growth arrest of oncogene-induced senescence is established and maintained through suppression of nucleotide metabolism.
Investigation of Photographic Image Quality Estimators (1980)

HCUjjITV CLAUiyiCATlQM Of THIS PMt(Whm Dtm ftgggjg (20 continued) >di3placement amplitudes, 0.00000 (I.e., static), 0.00025, 0.00050, 0.00075, 0.00100, 0.00125, and 0.00150 Inches. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for the RP data. Targets, Amplitudes, ard their Interaction were found to be highly significant (p < 0.01). The independent variables and their interactions accounted for over 96 percent of the total experimental variance. The three predictive models (1SL, MTF, and Sun's Equation) all were highly correlated (r > 0.96) linear functions of RP. The VIE technique also proved to be a highly linear correlate of RP (r -0.95915). The ANOVA for VIE yielded highly significant (p < 0.01) results for Subjects, Targets, Amplitudes, the Subjects * Targets, and the Subjects Amplitudes interactions, and significant (p < 0.05) differences for the Targets * Amplitudes interaction.^The Independent variables and their interactions in the VIE ANOVA accounted for over 87 percent of the total experimental variance. The objective techniques yielded results which were not significantly different from each otler but were poor correlates (r between 0.45 and 0.65) of RP.
Evaluation of Brush Seal Performance for Oil Sealing Applications (2003)

Oil sealing at high speeds is one of the major problems engineers should address in turbomachinery design. High temperatures faced in oil sumps in aircraft engines, and large seal sizes typical in land based turbine applications further complicate the problem. Labyrinth seals can overcome problems faced with carbon seals in high temperature and large size applications. On the other hand, use of labyrinth seals may result in high leakage rates leading to increased oil consumption, unintended oil contamination in some flow cavities, early oil degradation or even fires in some cases. Successful engine secondary flow path applications of brush seals lead to questions of their applicability for oil sealing. Because brush seals are contact seals, oil temperature rise and coking become major issues in addition to leakage performance. This paper presents an investigative study of brush seal leakage and coking performance using common lube oil. Both metallic and non-metallic prototypes have been tested under static and dynamic conditions. It has been concluded that properly designed brush seals can achieve lower leakage rates than labyrinth seals without causing coking problems.
Micro suction cup array for wet/dry adhesion (2011)

We propose a micro suction cup array for adhesion to both dry and wet surfaces. We measured the peel-off forces of a PDMS micro suction cup array, a PDMS flat-tip micro structure array and a flat PDMS pad from both wet and dry glass surfaces. When the glass surface was wet, the peel-off forces of a PDMS flat-tip micro pattern and a flat PDMS pad decreased by more than 1.7 times and 7.0 times, respectively. On the other hand, peel-off forces of a PDMS micro suction cup array increased by over 1.1 times when the glass surface was wet. Also, in both wet and dry conditions, an array of PDMS micro suction cup adhered stronger to a glass surface than a PDMS flat-tip micro pattern and a flat PDMS pad. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the adhesion of a suction cup array can be enhanced by miniaturizing the size of the cups.
Managing on-air ad inventory in broadcast television (2008)

An analytical model for managing on-air ad inventory in broadcast television is presented. The ad inventory in this industry is priced based on rating points or the number of viewers that watch a commercial. The rating points during a broadcast year are sold through two distinct processes: the upfront market which occurs before the broadcast season, and the scatter market which occurs during the broadcast season. A firm needs to allocate its total rating points inventory to these two markets before knowing either the performance rating of its shows or the scatter market price, both of which are random. Broadcast networks offer ratings (performance) guarantees on the inventory that is sold on the upfront market while such guarantees are seldom offered in the scatter market. An optimization model is proposed that allows the networks to manage their rating points inventory. The model explicitly incorporates the performance uncertainty of the television shows as well as the revenue uncertainty of the scatter market. We derive conditions for feasibility of the problem and characterize the optimal amount of rating points to sell on the upfront market. Our model explains the current practice of selling around 60–80% of the total rating points for the season during the upfront market and analyzes other common strategies used by broadcast companies. In addition to providing key managerial insights, this work introduces quantitative methodologies to television networks planning their upfront market activities.
Integrin αβ3-Targeted Imaging of Lung Cancer (2005)

A series of radiolabeled cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide ligands for cell adhesion molecule integrin alpha v beta 3-targeted tumor angiogenesis targeting are being developed in our laboratory. In this study, this effort continues by applying a positron emitter 64Cu-labeled PEGylated dimeric RGD peptide radiotracer 64Cu-DOTA-PEG-E[c(RGDyK)]2 for lung cancer imaging. The PEGylated RGD peptide indicated integrin alpha v beta 3 avidity, but the PEGylation reduced the receptor binding affinity of this ligand compared to the unmodified RGD dimer. The radiotracer revealed rapid blood clearance and predominant renal clearance route. The minimum nonspecific activity accumulation in normal lung tissue and heart rendered high-quality orthotopic lung cancer tumor images, enabling clear demarcation of both the primary tumor at the upper lobe of the left lung, as well as metastases in the mediastinum, contralateral lung, and diaphragm. As a comparison, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) scans on the same mice were only able to identify the primary tumor, with the metastatic lesions masked by intense cardiac uptake and high lung background. 64Cu-DOTA-PEG-E[c(RGDyK)]2 is an excellent position emission tomography (PET) tracer for integrin-positive tumor imaging. Further studies to improve the receptor binding affinity of the tracer and subsequently to increase the magnitude of tumor uptake without comprising the favorable in vivo kinetics are currently in progress.
Compartmentalization of Muscles and Their Motor Nuclei: The Partitioning Hypothesis (1993)

This review article is designed to expose physical therapists to an examination of muscle organization and the implications that this organization has for therapeutic applications. The partitioning hypothesis is based on the fact that an individual muscle is arranged in a more complex array than simply fibers attaching at aponeuroses, tendons, or bones with a single muscle nerve innervation. Neuromuscular compartments, which are distinct subvolumes of a muscle, each innervated by an individual muscle nerve branch and each containing motor unit territories with a unique array of physiological attributes, are described. In addition, the organization of individual muscles into these subunits is paralleled by the organization of their parent motoneurons within the spinal cord. These notions are detailed in a review of data derived from studies performed primarily in cat and rat models. Recent data derived from morphological and anatomical study of human muscles support the existence of similar neuromuscular partitions. These data are complemented by physiological studies, the results from which suggest that partitions may have functional or task-oriented roles; that is, different portions of one muscle may be called into play depending on the task demands of the situation. The importance of these observations for reconsidering how we provide clinical applications, such as neuromuscular stimulation or kinesiological monitoring, is discussed.
Nylon 66 polymers. I. Molecular weight and compositional distribution (1969)

Abstract Results from characterization of melt‐polymerized nylon 66 by various solution property measurements are reported and employed in analysis of typical molecular weight and compositional distributions for these systems. Critical attention is paid to application of standard procedures including light scattering, viscosity, membrane osmometry and other colligative property measurements in arriving at satisfactory specification of polymer molecular weight averages. Particular consideration is given to polymers extending appreciably beyond the lower and higher limits in molecular weight normally encountered. The conclusions drawn are: ( 1 ) in the range of number‐average molecular weights less than about 25 000, nylon 66 as ordinarily prepared by melt condensation consists principally of linear species approximating the “most probable” distribution; ( 2 ) small amounts of cyclic oligomers are present in all samples: ( 3 ) increase in the extent of the melt polycondensation to progressively higher stages is accompanied by secondary reactions and the formation of branched components terminating ultimately in crosslinked, insoluble gels. Intrinsic viscosity–molecular weight relationships in seven solvents, applicable to nylon polymers meeting the requirements of ( 1 ) above, are derived.
Cancer in systemic sclerosis (1993)

The frequency of cancer is increased in patients with SSc.