gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inferring semantic query relations from collective user behavior (2008)

In this paper we describe how high quality transaction data comprising of online searching, product viewing, and product buying activity of a large online community can be used to infer semantic relationships between queries. We work with a large scale query log consisting of around 115 million queries from eBay. We discuss various techniques to infer semantic relationships among queries and show how the results from these methods can be combined to measure the strength and depict the kinds of relationships. Further, we show how this extraction of relations can be used to improve search relevance, related query recommendations, and recovery from null results in an eCommerce context.
Massive Blood Replacement (1967)

MASSIVE BLOOD replacement is an increasing reality and necessity. The surgeon's increasing boldness in the surgical treatment of cancer and cardiovascular abnormalities, the development of a light general anesthetic technique, and the rising incidence of massive trauma have resulted in the administration of bank blood at rates and in amounts not considered practical only a few years ago. Massive blood replacement, although it may be lifesaving, is associated with a rising mortality rate as the amount of blood given increases.<sup>1</sup>In one series a mortality rate of 85% has been reported in patients receiving more than 11 units of bank blood in 24 hours.<sup>2</sup>In another series the mortality rate was 25% after 12 units of bank blood had been given, and 50% after 20 units.<sup>3</sup>Both of these series were reported in 1955. In 1965, Howland et al<sup>4</sup>reported a series of patients in which
Disruption of Telomere Integrity and DNA Repair Machineries by KML001 Induces T Cell Senescence, Apoptosis, and Cellular Dysfunctions (2019)

T cells in chronic viral infections are featured by premature aging with accelerated telomere erosion, but the mechanisms underlying telomere attrition remain unclear. Here, we employed human CD4 T cells treated with KML001 (a telomere-targeting drug) as a model to investigate the role of telomere integrity in remodeling T cell senescence. We demonstrated that KML001 could inhibit cell proliferation, cytokine production, and promote apoptosis via disrupting telomere integrity and DNA repair machineries. Specifically, KML001-treated T cells increased dysfunctional telomere-induced foci (TIF), DNA damage marker γH2AX, and topoisomerase cleavage complex (TOPcc) accumulation, leading to telomere attrition. Mechanistically, KML001 compromised telomere integrity by inhibiting telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2), telomerase, topoisomerase I and II alpha (Top1/2a), and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase activities. Importantly, these KML001-induced telomeric DNA damage and T cell senescent phenotype and machineries recapitulated our findings in patients with clinical HCV or HIV infection in that their T cells were also senescent with short telomeres and thus more vulnerable to KML001-induced apoptosis. These results shed new insights on the T cell aging network that is critical and essential in protecting chromosomal telomeres from unwanted DNA damage and securing T cell survival during cell crisis upon genomic insult.
Supporting efficient query processing on compressed XML files (2005)

XML has been widely accepted as the de facto format for data representation and exchange. However, it is also known for the excessive information redundancy in its representation. While various compression schemes have been proposed and some of them can support query processing over compressed files, it is usually inevitable to perform partial (or full) data decompression which is expensive and in some cases may dominate the query processing time.In this paper, we propose a new XML compression scheme based on the Sequitur compression algorithm. By organizing the compression result as a set of context free grammar rules, the scheme supports efficient processing of XPath queries without decompression. The experimental results show that this scheme achieves comparable compression ratio as gzip while its query processing time is among the best of existing algorithms.
Comments on "New criteria for blind deconvolution of nonminimum phase systems (channels)" [with reply] (1992)

It is pointed out that certain criteria proposed in the paper by Shalvi and Weinstein (see ibid., vol.36, no.2, p.312-21, 1990) have been proposed before in the context of real-valued signals. Furthermore, it is noted that the assertion made in the paper that all local maxima of the proposed criteria correspond to the desired equalizer solution, holds true, strictly speaking, only for infinite length equalizers. There exist counterexamples which show existence of false local maxima when finite-length equalizers are used. Finally, it is also noted that in the presence of additive Gaussian noise of unknown power spectral density at the input to the equalizer (equivalently, at the channel output), it is not clear if the methods proposed in the paper will yield the desired response up to a constant gain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Occurrence of an activated, profibrotic pattern of gene expression in lung CD8+ T cells from scleroderma patients (2003)

A subset of scleroderma patients at higher risk of progressive lung disease have activated, long-lived CD8+ T cells in their lungs that could promote fibrosis directly, through production of profibrotic factors such as interleukin-4 and oncostatin M, as well as indirectly, through activation of TGFbeta.
Isoxazolo-[3,4-<i>d</i>]-pyridazin-7-(6<i>H</i>)-one as a Potential Substrate for New Aldose Reductase Inhibitors (1999)

The isoxazolo-[3,4-d]-pyridazin-7-(6H)-one (2) and its corresponding open derivatives 5-acetyl-4-amino-(4-nitro)-6-substituted-3(2H)pyridazinones (3, 4) were used as simplified substrates for the synthesis of new aldose reductase inhibitors with respect to the previously reported 5, 6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnolin-3(2H)one-2 acetic acids (1). Moreover, a few derivatives lacking the 5-acetyl group were prepared. Several compounds derived from 2 displayed inhibitory properties comparable to those of Sorbinil. In this class the presence at position 6 of a phenyl carrying an electron-withdrawing substituent proved to be beneficial, independently from its position on the ring (5g,j-l). Acetic acid derivatives were more effective than propionic and butyric analogues. On the contrary, all the monocyclic compounds (6-8) were either inactive or only weakly active. The 3-methyl-4-(p-chlorophenyl)isoxazolo-[3,4-d]-pyridazin-7-(6H )-one acetic acid (5g), which proved to be the most potent derivative, was also investigated in molecular modeling studies, to assess possible similarities in its interaction with the enzyme, with respect to the model 1.
Light-Induced Anion Phase Segregation in Mixed Halide Perovskites (2017)

Hybrid lead halide perovskites such as MAPbI<sub>3</sub> (MA = CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>) and their mixed halide analogues represent an emerging class of materials for solar energy conversion. Intriguing aspects include sizable carrier diffusion lengths, large optical absorption coefficients, and certified power conversion efficiencies that now exceed 22%. Halide-composition-tunable band gaps also make MAPb(I<sub>1–x</sub>Br<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> systems ideal candidates for tandem solar cells. Unfortunately, preventing the effective integration of MAPb(I<sub>1–x</sub>Br<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> into working devices are intrinsic instabilities due to light-induced halide phase segregation. Namely, under illumination, mixed halide perovskites reversibly segregate into low-band-gap I-rich and high-band-gap Br-rich domains. Under electrical bias, halide migration has also been proposed as the source of undesirable charge injection barriers that degrade photovoltaic performance. In this Perspective, we review the origin of light-induced halide phase segregation, its effects on photovoltaic response, and ongoing research to suppress its influence on the optical and electronic response of mixed halide perovskites.
Dynamic image pre-compensation for computer access by individuals with ocular aberrations (2012)

Several image enhancement methods have been successfully used to improve the visual perception of patients with eye diseases, such as Age-related Macular Degeneration and Cataracts, on images displayed on TV and computers. However, few developments aim to enhance the visual performance of computer users with general ocular aberrations. This paper proposes an image enhancement approach based on dynamic pre-compensation for improving the visual performance of subjects with ocular aberrations, while interacting with computers. The degradation caused by ocular aberrations is counteracted through the pre-compensation performed on images displayed on the computer screen. As the ocular aberration initially measured as a priori information is related with a specific pupil size, real-time pupil size data are collected to recalculate and update the pre-compensation to match the corresponding aberrations. An icon recognition experiment, involving human subjects, was designed and implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly increased the number of icons correctly recognized, which confirmed that the dynamic pre-compensation is effective in improving the visual performance of computer users with ocular aberrations.
Capture of Transjunctional Metabolites (2003)

By providing for the direct, intercellular exchange of small (<1000 daltons) molecules, gap junctions mediate intercellular communication and a variety of physiological functions. The intercellular exchange of molecules through these channels is crucial for processes ranging from fertilization and development to cell homeostasis and differentiation (1–3). However, identification of the specific transjunctional molecules that control such processes has remained somewhat elusive.
[Duodenal ulcer in children. Apropos of 28 cases]. (1990)

We present 28 children, 4 to 14 year-old, with duodenal ulcer; there were 21 males and 7 females. In 16 cases, after stimulation with pentagastrin, basal pepsinogen I (PG1), basal gastrinemia and basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) were measured. Compared to controls, the mean levels of PG1 and gastrin were significantly higher in the patients; 12 children (80%) had high levels of PG1 and the remaining 3 (20%) had normal levels. The blood group O was the most prevalent: 64% of the cases.
Recommendations on Prophylaxis and Therapy for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1993)

Special Report from The New England Journal of Medicine — Recommendations on Prophylaxis and Therapy for Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
A Method for Solving Inverse Kinematics of Variable Structure Truss Arm with High Redundancy (1992)

A method of solving the inverse kinematic problem for highly redundant degrees of freedom truss arm is proposed. The method is based on the compliance control technique. One special feature of the method is that it can provide an analytical formula tion of the inverse kinematic solution. The other is that it enables the control of end- effector compliance as well as the position and the orientation control. The pseudo-inverse Jacobian matrix with a weight matrix which is popularly used to solve the inverse kine matics with redundancy also provides the equivalent result to the proposed methods. The difference between them is that the pseudo-inverse approach provides a solution only for the position control and has no extension to the compliance control. In the paper, first, the forward kinematics will be formulated. Secondly, the inverse kinematic solution will be derived based on the compliance control technique. Thirdly, the end-effector compliance control and the arm configuration control will be addressed. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is confirmed through simulation experiments.
Shear Rate in the Couette Viscometer (1968)

The problem of determining the shear rate in a non-Newtonian fluid sheared between rotating coaxial cylinders has eluded exact solution, although many approximations and solutions in infinite series form are available. The present paper shows that certain of the infinite series which appear in Krieger and Elrod’s solution [J. Appl. Phys., 24, 134 (1953)] can be summed in closed form, leading to an expression for the shear rate in which the dominant term is identical to the local power-law approximation, and the correction terms take account of deviation from power-law behavior. As a consequence, point-by-point application of the power law is shown to give an excellent approximation to the true shear rate in Couette flow, with a small and readily calculable error.
Searching for Ephemeral Subsequences in Strings (1996)

Let T = u, ... Un be a text where every symbol Uj has a time slamp t, and a duration d(ai) a.s.sociatcd with it.The time stamps of the ai's are increasing, so that j > i implies tj > li.A text. symbol OJ is alive.
Magnetic Resonance Guided Localization and Biopsy of Suspicious Breast Lesions (1998)

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is being used increasingly as a complementary diagnostic modality in breast imaging of preselected patients. The exclusion of multicentricity before surgery and the differentiation between a scar and a carcinoma are well-accepted indications of this method. Problems result when suspicious lesions found with MRI cannot be visualized with mammography or ultrasonography. In these cases, MRI-based guidance systems are needed to guide needle biopsy or allow localization of the lesion before surgery. At our institution, 167 MR-guided interventions (35 percutaneous biopsies and 132 preoperative localizations) have been performed with the use of different types of add-on devices during the past 3 years. Percutaneous biopsy (31 fine needle aspiration and four core biopsies) revealed 24 benign and 8 malignant lesions, 3 biopsies were insufficient. Histologic examination after MR-guided wire localization showed benign findings in 68 lesions (52%) and malignancy in 64 lesions (48%). Technical aspects, experiences, advantages, and disadvantages of our system as well as those of other devices are reported and discussed. MR-compatible equipment for interventions of the breast is demonstrated. In conclusion, we perform MR-guided interventions of the breast routinely in indicated cases at a rate of approximately 3-5% for all patients undergoing diagnostic contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast.
Residual Stress Behavior in Spin-cast Films of Soluble Polyimides (1999)

Using a bilayer bending technique, intrinsic stress and overall residual stress were measured for three soluble polyimides: poly(2,2&apos;-bis(3-phenyl)hexafluoropropylene diphthallimide), poly(2,2&apos;-bis(4-phenyl) hexafluoropropylene diphthallimide), and poly(4,4&apos;-methylene-3,3&apos;-dimethyldiphenylene benzophenonetetracarboximide). For these polyimides, the intrinsic stress was 29-31 MPa at room temperature at which the films were prepared, indicating that the intrinsic stress is not sensitive to the type. of backbone chemistry among these polymers. The measured intrinsic stress is not small enough to be neglected as one usually does. However, the intrinsic stress relaxed out with temperature in the first: heating run and its relaxation behavior with temperature was strongly dependent upon the film properties, including mechanical properties, polymer chain stiffness, molecular order, and glass transition temperature. In the subsequent cooling run, the intrinsic stress was never recovered. That is, the intrinsic stress varied irreversibly with temperature. In contrast, once the polymer films were thermally treated, their overall stress was predominated by the thermal stress component which varies reversibly with temperature. In addition, the glass transition temperatures of the polymer films were estimated from the overall stress-temperature profiles and compared with those measured by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis.
Effect of pyrolysis pressure on activity of Fe–N–C catalysts for oxygen reduction (2015)

In the synthesis of Fe–N–C catalysts by high-pressure pyrolysis, higher precursor loading increases gas-phase pressure and enhances nitrogen retention, active site density and ORR activity.
Securing open access networks using intelligent policy management system (2008)

With advent of access technologies such as WiFi and WiMax, access mechanisms are on the verge of providing continuous access anytime, anywhere and most importantly anyhow. The IEEE 802.16e amendment to the IEEE 802.16 standard adds mobility to the original standard and thus makes WiMax an attractive solution to provide high bit rate mobile wireless services over a broader range of coverage. However, the last mile in open access networks remains vulnerable to attacks at the physical and MAC layers. This paper provides an overview of the security concerns and proposes a robust new architecture model to help protect against attacks from rogue devices for a true mobile security as wireless devices are becoming increasingly vulnerable mini computers. The drive to provide open access is not limited to cellular technology but extends to other wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi and WiMax.
Plasma selenium and risk of dysglycemia in an elderly French population: results from the prospective Epidemiology of Vascular Ageing Study (2010)

This prospective study suggests a sex-specific protective effect of higher selenium status at baseline on later occurrence of dysglycemia.
Interaction of human platelets with heparinized agarose gel. (1978)

Platelet interaction with surfaces to which heparin had been covalently bonded was investigated with a chromatographic technique employing agarose gel beads heparinized via a cyanogen bromide reaction. Heparinization significantly increased platelet retention by the gel. Platelet retention was unchanged after pretreatment of the heparinized gel with albumin but increased after pretreatment with fibrinogen. Pretreatment with plasma or purified AT III decreased platelet retention. Reduction in platelet retention was correlated with the amount of AT III removed from plasma. Plasma with decreased levels of AT III was less effective in surface passivation. Pretreatment of heparinized gel with PF4 or protamine sulfate did not decrease platelet retention, but subsequent exposure to plasma did. The results suggest that a surface with covalently bonded heparin is reactive toward platelets but can be passivated by formation of a heparin/AT III complex.
Dialysis continuous process for ammonium lactate fermentation: Simulated prefermentor and cell‐recycling systems (1981)

Abstract A generalized mathematical model, previously developed and experimentally validated, was modified and used to computer‐simulate the outcomes of adding two systems for increasing the concentration of cell mass in the fermentor, and thereby the rate and extent of substrate conversion, in a dialysis continuous process for the ammonium lactate fermentation of deproteinized whey. The addition of a nondialysis continuous prefermentor would not improve the process. However, the addition of cell retention time would be reduced ninefold, and the extent of converting substrate to product would be increased 25% and accomplished almost entirely by maintenance metabolism.
On the Mechanisms of Bias Enhanced Nucleation of Diamond (1996)

The mechanisms of bias enhanced nucleation (BEN) of diamond on silicon substrates are investigated by means of electrical measurements. OES investigations, and macroscopic as well as local characterization of BEN films. Based on electrical investigations we propose that the reproducibility and homogeneity problems often found in BEN are caused by diamond coated surfaces in the vicinity of the substrate. We further show that the nucleation enhancement does not rely on changes in gas phase chemistry but rather on direct bombardment of the surface by ions with a mean energy of about 15 to 20 eV. The influence of bias voltage, carbon concentration in the gas phase, and substrate temperature on the nucleation process is investigated. Finally, the films obtained by BEN are investigated by FTIR and stress measurements. A nucleation sequence (SiC formation, deposition of a hydrocarbon film, formation of diamond and simultaneous development of stress) is established and compared with SEM images of the films. The role of each step of the sequence is discussed in detail.
Continuous roll-to-roll growth of graphene films by chemical vapor deposition (2011)

Few-layer graphene is obtained in atmospheric chemical vapor deposition on polycrystalline copper in a roll-to-roll process. Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to confirm the few-layer nature of the graphene film, to map the inhomogeneities, and to study and optimize the growth process. This continuous growth process can be easily scaled up and enables the low-cost fabrication of graphene films for industrial applications.
The genome analysis of <scp> <i>C</i> </scp> <i>andidatus</i>   <scp>B</scp> urkholderia crenata reveals that secondary metabolism may be a key function of the <scp> <i>A</i> </scp> <i>rdisia crenata</i> leaf nodule symbiosis (2015)

A majority of Ardisia species harbour Burkholderia sp. bacteria within specialized leaf nodules. The bacteria are transmitted hereditarily and have not yet been cultured outside of their host. Because the plants cannot develop beyond the seedling stage without their symbionts, the symbiosis is considered obligatory. We sequenced for the first time the genome of Candidatus Burkholderia crenata (Ca. B. crenata), the leaf nodule symbiont of Ardisia crenata. The genome of Ca. B. crenata is the smallest Burkholderia genome to date. It contains a large amount of insertion sequences and pseudogenes and displays features consistent with reductive genome evolution. The genome does not encode functions commonly associated with plant symbioses such as nitrogen fixation and plant hormone metabolism. However, we identified unique genes with a predicted role in secondary metabolism in the genome of Ca. B. crenata. Specifically, we provide evidence that the bacterial symbionts are responsible for the synthesis of compound FR900359, a cyclic depsipeptide with biomedical properties previously isolated from leaves of A. crenata.