gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Performance Evaluation of Joint Sensing and Communication Integrated System for 5G MmWave Enabled CAVs (2021)

The safety of connected automated vehicles (CAVs) relies on the reliable and efficient raw data sharing from multiple types of sensors. The 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) communication technology can enhance the environment sensing ability of different isolated vehicles. In this paper, a joint sensing and communication integrated system (JSCIS) is designed to support the dynamic frame structure configuration for sensing and communication dual functions based on the 5G New Radio protocol in the mmWave frequency band, which can solve the low latency and high data rate problems of raw sensing data sharing among CAVs. To evaluate the timeliness of raw sensing data transmission, the best time duration allocation ratio of sensing and communication dual functions for one vehicle is achieved by modeling the M/M/1 queuing problem using the age of information (AoI) in this paper. Furthermore, the resource allocation optimization problem among multiple CAVs is formulated as a non-cooperative game using the radar mutual information as a key indicator. And the feasibility and existence of pure strategy Nash equilibrium (NE) are proved theoretically, and a centralized time resource allocation (CTRA) algorithm is proposed to achieve the best feasible pure strategy NE. Finally, both simulation and hardware testbed are designed, and the results show that the proposed CTRA algorithm can improve the radar total mutual information by 26%, and the feasibility of the proposed JSCIS is achieved with an acceptable radar ranging accuracy within 0.25 m, as well as a stable data rate of 2.8 Gbps using the 28 GHz mmWave frequency band.
Discussion on the problem about capacitive current switching of EHV and UHV AC circuit breaker (2017)

Capacitive current switching test is an important test for high voltage ac circuit breaker. In recent years, many problems, such as frequent restrikes under special environment condition and non-sustained disruptive discharge (NSDD) and restrike after more than one cycles of recovery voltage, were met when ultra (extra)-high voltage circuit breaker switching capacitive current in system and test. In this paper, these typical problems are researched and analyzed, the imperfections of current relevant standards and test methods are discussed, the new tests and experiences of the circuit breaker used for switching filter bank are introduced. This paper is a meaningful exploration for the improvement of the current standards and test methods.
Inotropes and vasopressors: more than haemodynamics! (2011)

Circulatory shock is characterized by arterial hypotension requiring fluid resuscitation combined with inotropes and/or vasopressors to correct the otherwise life-threatening impairment of oxygen supply to peripheral tissues. Catecholamines represent the current therapeutic choice, but this standard is only based on empirical clinical experience. Although there is evidence that some catecholamines may be better than others, it is a matter of debate which one may be the most effective and/or the safest for the different situations. In their review in this issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology, Bangash et al. provide an overview of the pharmacology as well as the available clinical data on the therapeutic use of endogenous catecholamines, their synthetic derivatives and a range of other agents (vasopressin and its analogues, PDE inhibitors and levosimendan). The authors point out that, despite well-established receptor pharmacology, the clinical effects of these treatments are poorly understood. Hence, further investigations are essential to determine which catecholamine, or, in a broader sense, which alternative vasopressor and/or inotrope is the most appropriate for a particular clinical condition.
Research on Three-Dimensional Parallel Modeling Algorithm with Movable Point Cloud Data (2016)

This paper presents a new modeling method - threedimensional (3D) modeling with movable point cloud data - for the mine tunnel/goaf. Compared with the traditional rigid modeling methods, the method put forward in this paper could be considered as a flexible modeling method. The concept of “movable point” means the point can be moved within a certain range in respect to certain rules by changing its 3D coordinate values. In this case, the construction and analysis of the 3D model is more efficient. Furthermore, we parallelize our method with multi-threading technique to improve the algorithm's performance. Experimental result shows that ourmodeling method is effective for integrated modeling, and asignificant speedup is obtained in the parallel version of thealgorithm.
Dienophilicity of Imidazole in Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reactions; Intramolecular Reactions with 1,2,4-Triazines. (1997)

Imidazole and 2-phenylimidazole undergo intramolecular cycloadditions with 1,2,4-triazines tethered between an imidazole nitrogen and the triazinyl C3 position with a trimethylene chain to produce tetrahydro-1,5-naphthyridines following loss of N2 and a nitrile. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted 4-Hydroxybenzoates by Aryl−Aryl and Alkynyl−Aryl Coupling (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSynthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted 4-Hydroxybenzoates by Aryl−Aryl and Alkynyl−Aryl CouplingAdelheid Godt, Ömer Ünsal, and Mark RoosView Author Information Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 9, 2837–2842Publication Date (Web):April 6, 2000Publication History Received14 December 1999Published online6 April 2000Published inissue 1 May 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo991907mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo991907mbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1082Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Coupling reactions,Mixtures,Piperidines,Substituents Get e-Alerts
Visualization of Small-Diameter Vessels by Reduction of Incoherent Reverberation With Coherent Flow Power Doppler (2016)

Power Doppler (PD) imaging is a widely used technique for flow detection. Despite the wide use of Doppler ultrasound, limitations exist in the ability of Doppler ultrasound to assess slow flow in the small-diameter vasculature, such as the maternal spiral arteries and fetal villous arteries of the placenta and focal liver lesions. The sensitivity of PD in small vessel detection is limited by the low signal produced by slow flow and the noise associated with small vessels. The noise sources include electronic noise, stationary or slowly moving tissue clutter, reverberation clutter, and off-axis scattering from tissue, among others. In order to provide more sensitive detection of slow flow in small diameter vessels, a coherent flow imaging technique, termed coherent flow PD (CFPD), is characterized and evaluated with simulation, flow phantom experiment studies, and an in vivo animal small vessel detection study. CFPD imaging was introduced as a technique to detect slow blood flow. It has been demonstrated to detect slow flow below the detection threshold of conventional PD imaging using identical pulse sequences and filter parameters. In this paper, we compare CFPD with PD in the detection of blood flow in small-diameter vessels. The results from the study suggest that CFPD is able to provide a 7.5-12.5-dB increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over PD images for the same physiological conditions and is less susceptible to reverberation clutter and thermal noise. Due to the increase in SNR, CFPD is able to detect small vessels in high channel noise cases, for which PD was unable to generate enough contrast to observe the vessel.
Trade name products (1996)

This reference work describes the trade name and generic chemical ingredients that are used in the formulation of paint and coating products for industry and commerce. Extensive information is drawn from more than 600 manufacturers, distributors, and trade and research journals.
Kinase selectivity potential for inhibitors targeting the ATP binding site: a network analysis (2009)

Abstract Motivation and method: Small-molecule inhibitors targeting the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding pocket of the catalytic domain of protein kinases have potential to become drugs devoid of (major) side effects, particularly if they bind selectively. Here, the sequences of the 518 human kinases are first mapped onto the structural alignment of 116 kinases of known three-dimensional structure. The multiple structure alignment is then used to encode the known strategies for developing selective inhibitors into a fingerprint. Finally, a network analysis is used to partition the kinases into clusters according to similarity of their fingerprints, i.e. physico-chemical characteristics of the residues responsible for selective binding. Results: For each kinase the network analysis reveals the likelihood to find selective inhibitors targeting the ATP binding site. Systematic guidelines are proposed to develop selective inhibitors. Importantly, the network analysis suggests that the tyrosine kinase EphB4 has high selectivity potential, which is consistent with the selectivity profile of two novel EphB4 inhibitors. Contact: dhuang@bioc.uzh.ch; caflisch@bioc.uzh.ch Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells: Two sides of the same coin? (2018)

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have gained considerable popularity owing to the vast possibilities and lack of ethical constraints and risks normally associated with other stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells. However, they are morphologically indistinguishable from fibroblasts. This review aims to assess the similarities and differences between the two cell types, and the possible relationship between them. We found that the two cells seem almost identical with respect to their surface immunophenotype, proliferation, and differentiation capacities and even, to an extent, their gene expression profiles and immunomodulatory capacities. There are some differences in capability between the two cells, with MSCs being more efficient than fibroblasts. Even so, the similarities are so striking, that, if we were to follow the current criteria provided by the International Society for Cellular Therapy, fibroblasts ought to be named as MSCs. One promising marker is their DNA methylation profiles. Nonetheless, without any other marker to differentiate between the cells in the first place, it would be difficult to find a definitive marker. Interestingly, the differences observed between the two cells have also been observed between young and old MSCs. This also seems to be true of certain cell surface markers. Therefore, it is possible that fibroblasts are in fact aged MSCs and that the two cells are the same.
Analysis of chromosome 21 copy number in uncultured amniocytes by fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization using a cosmid contig (1992)

A comparison of the use of chromosome 21-specific libraries, DOP-PCR 21 paints, yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones, single cosmids, and a 21q cosmid contig as probes for the detection of the copy number of chromosome 21 in interphase cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization shows that the cosmid contig is a satisfactory probe for interphase analysis of chromosome 21. The contig cCMP21.a, which is 55 kb in length, is highly chromosome 21-specific and produces intense, compact signals in a high proportion of interphase cells. A retrospective blind analysis of coded uncultured amniotic fluid samples correctly detected four trisomy 21 cases out of 49 samples.
Isokinetic Evaluation of Muscular Performance (1994)

Interfacing of microprocessors with isokinetic dynamometers has enabled the rapid quantification of many parameters of muscle function including peak torque, angle-specific torque, work, power, torque acceleration energy, and various endurance indexes, and the measurements with these devices can be made isometrically at various angular positions and isokinetically (concentrically or eccentrically) with a large scale of angular speeds. Many of these parameters, however, lack evidence of validity, reproducibility, and/or clinical relevance. Peak torque has been and still is the most properly studied isokinetic strength testing parameter and its use can be recommended for research and clinical purposes. Concerning testing of muscular endurance, the absolute endurance parameters (for example, work performed during the last five repetitions and total work in a 25-repetition test with a speed of 240 degrees/s) are the best for use. Many internal and external factors in the isokinetic testing procedure can have an undesirable effect on the test result. However, through proper education and strict adherence to the test instructions, it is possible to successfully control the confounding variables. In scientific work, isokinetic devices have greatly expanded the possibilities for studying dynamic muscle function. There is also little doubt about their usefulness in documenting the progress of muscular rehabilitation. A disadvantage of isokinetic devices is that isokinetic movement seldom occurs in actual human performance tasks and that the isokinetic training effect is, therefore, quite (although not completely) specific to that type of movement. In addition, being normally an isolated joint exercise, isokinetic training can produce large loads on the involved joints and may, therefore, under certain conditions be dangerous for healing tissues.
Organic Thin-Film Transistors Based on α,ω-Dihexyldithienyl-Dihydrophenanthrene (2008)

α,ω-Dihexyldithienyl-dihydrophenanthrene (HT-PT) is a readily prepared oligomeric species that can be used as the semiconducting layer in organic thin film transistor devices (TFTs). Proper management of the dielectric surface and thermal annealing can give rise to hole mobilities of 0.42 cm2/(V s) and on−off ratios of ∼1 × 106. X-ray diffraction measurements and surface topography analysis by atomic force microscopy give insight into the internal structure and surface organization of the material, respectively.
Mining Chat Conversations: The Next Frontier. (2011)

Analyzing chat traffic has important applications for both the military and the civilian world. This poster will report on an effort to automatically separate chat messages into topic threads.
Graph partitioning using annealed neural networks (1989)

A new algorithm, called mean field annealing (MFA), is applied to the graph partitioning problem. The MFA algorithm combines characteristics of the simulated annealing algorithm and the Hopfield neural network. MFA exhibits the rapid convergence of the neural network while preserving the solution quality afforded by stochastic simulated annealing (SSA). The MFA algorithm is developed in the context of the graph partitioning problem. The rate of convergence of MFA on graph bipartitioning problems is as much as 50 times that of SSA, yet does not degrade the quality of the final solution. The temperature behavior of MFA during bipartitioning is analyzed and shown to have an impact on the tuning of neural networks for improved performance. Also presented is a new modification to MFA that supports partitioning of random or structured graphs into three or more bins-a problem that has previously shown resistance to solution by neural networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>S</i>‐adenosyl‐methionine‐induced apoptosis in PC12 cells (2002)

Our previous studies showed that S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) induced Parkinson's disease-like changes in rat. It caused death to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, which appeared shrunken and fragmented, indicative of apoptosis-like changes (Charlton and Crowell [1995] Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 26:269-284; Charlton [1997] Life Sci. 61:495-502). In this study, we investigated whether SAM causes apoptosis in both undifferentiated PC12 (PC12) cells and nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 (D-PC12) cells. S-adenosyl-homocysteine (SAH), the nonmethyl analog of SAM, was also tested. SAM and SAH (1.0 nM to 10.0 microM) caused lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from the PC12 cells and D-PC12 cells; cells with morphological changes and fluorescent DNA fragmentation staining were detected among both PC12 cell and D-PC12 cell. Compared with the PC12 cell, the D-PC12 cell, a postmitotic cell, was more sensitive to the toxic effects of SAM or SAH and presented much greater LDH release, suggesting a lethal effect; surprisingly, the amounts of apoptotic cells did not differ significantly between the two kinds of cells. In medium deprived of exogenous methionine, a decline in LDH release was observed in PC12 and D-PC12 cells. Also, lower levels of intracellular SAM and SAH were observed in the methionine-deleted media, which were reversed by the addition of either SAM or SAH. An antivitamin B(12) monoclonal antibody was added to methionine-depleted medium, resulting in deficiency of both endogenous and exogenous methionine, which caused further decreases in LDH release and reduction in the levels of intracellular SAM and SAH. The preliminary data showed different sensitivities to SAM or SAH between PC12 cell and D-PC12 cells, which suggests that PC12 cell may be more stable as a metabolic model. Apoptosis of PC12 cells was also assessed by PARP cleavage detection, Western blot analysis of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, and DNA laddering on agarose gel electrophoresis. The proapoptoic protein Bax was dominantly expressed, whereas Bcl-2 was slightly down-regulated by SAM. SAH weakly induced the expression of Bax and slightly decreased Bcl-2 levels. The effects of SAM and its analog, SAH, were demonstrated conclusively to induce apoptosis in PC12 cells.
Rearrangement of Sulfonamide Derivatives. V. Syntheses of Methyl α-Phenyl-2- and 4-piperidineacetate. (1964)

Heating of N-phenylacetyl-2- and 4-pyridinesulfonamide 1-oxides in 10% sodium hydroxide at 90∼95°caused rearrangement reaction to form α-phenyl-2- and 4-pyridineacetic acid 1-oxides respectively. Their respective esterification and catalytic reduction with platinum-catalyst gave the hydrochloride of methyl 2- and 4-piperidineacetate and ethyl 2-piperidineacetate.
A Semantic Topic Identification System for Document Retrieval on the Web (2006)

Effective search and retrieval are fundamental for realizing the full potential of the Web. Although nowadays search engines perform much better than few years ago, big improvements are still needed with respect to the relevance of the retrieved documents to the user's query and the presentation of the results. In this paper we present the prototype of a News retrieval system which exploits Wordnet's semantics in identifying the topic of retrieved documents and ranking them according to their relevance to the query. Also the system provides a short summary of each document, helping the user in browsing the result collection.
Designing a process migration facility: the Charlotte experience (1989)

Experience with process migration in the Charlotte distributed operating system is discussed. Charlotte's migration facility is a fairly elaborate addition to the underlying kernel and utility-process base. It separates policy from mechanism. An overview is given of Charlotte, its process migration facility, and issues encountered that have a general application for any such facility. In the discussion of each issue, alternative design approaches adopted by other process migration facilities are presented. This account is intended to help researchers contemplating the addition of a process migration facility as well as those designing other operating system facilities that might need to interact later with added process migration facilities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Measurement potential of laser speckle velocimetry (1982)

Laser speckle velocimetry, the measurement of fluid velocity by measuring the translation of speckle pattern or individual particles that are moving with the fluid, is described. The measurement is accomplished by illuminating the fluid with consecutive pulses of Laser Light and recording the images of the particles or the speckles on a double exposed photographic plate. The plate contains flow information throughout the image plane so that a single double exposure may provide data at hundreds or thousands of points in the illuminated region of the fluid. Conventional interrogation of the specklegram involves illuminating the plate to form Young's fringes, whose spacing is inversely proportional to the speckle separation. Subsequently the fringes are digitized and analyzed in a computer to determine their frequency and orientation, yielding the velocity magnitude and orientation. The Young's fringe technique is equivalent to performing a 2-D spatial correlation of the double exposed specklegram intensity pattern, and this observation suggests that correlation should be considered as an alternative processing method. The principle of the correlation technique is examined.
Development and Evaluation of a System for Checking for Improper Sending of Personal Information in Encrypted E-Mail (2006)

There have been cases, in recent years, where customer information or other personal information has been leaked, and protective measures for personal information have become important. Corporations and other organizations have increasingly adopted software with e-mail monitoring capability to prevent leakage of personal information to the outside through e-mail. However, if the e-mail is encrypted, it is completely impossible to check whether personal information is being improperly sent. The authors have designed and implemented a system for solving such problems. Experiments to detect personal information were conducted using the implemented system, and we were able to confirm the basic effectiveness of the system. This paper reports on those results.
Multiplexed single-molecule force spectroscopy using a centrifuge (2016)

We present a miniature centrifuge force microscope (CFM) that repurposes a benchtop centrifuge for high-throughput single-molecule experiments with high-resolution particle tracking, a large force range, temperature control and simple push-button operation. Incorporating DNA nanoswitches to enable repeated interrogation by force of single molecular pairs, we demonstrate increased throughput, reliability and the ability to characterize population heterogeneity. We perform spatiotemporally multiplexed experiments to collect 1,863 bond rupture statistics from 538 traceable molecular pairs in a single experiment, and show that 2 populations of DNA zippers can be distinguished using per-molecule statistics to reduce noise.