gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Modified and Convenient Method for Assessing Tumor Cell Invasion and Migration and Its Application to Screening for Inhibitors. (1997)

In order to screen potent inhibitors of tumor invasion and metastasis, we here devised a simple and reproducible in vitro assay for tumor invasion and migration. A conventional cell-counting assay using a Transwell chamber with a microporous membrane filter is troublesome and time-consuming, involving visually counting the cells under a microscope, and the invaded or migrated cells are sometimes distributed unevenly in predetermined fields on the lower surface of the filter. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate the invasive and migratory abilities of tumor cells easily and quantitatively by the cell counting method. In the present study, crystal violet dye was used for staining the invaded cells and colorimetrically assessing the invasive ability per filter as an absorbance. In this crystal violet assay, tumor cell invasion into a reconstituted basement membrane Matrigel was proportional to both the cell number added into the chamber and the incubation period, and inversely proportional to the amount of Matrigel barrier on the upper surface of filter. The results obtained by this dye-uptake method were highly consistent with those of a conventional cell-counting assay. Using this crystal violet assay, the anti-invasive effect of doxorubicin (DOX) was detected more easily and found to be highly proportional to that by the conventional cell-counting method. We therefore applied this convenient assay method to screen anti-invasive and anti-metastatic compounds. As a result, caffeic acid was found to be more active in the inhibition of both tumor cell invasion and migration without showing direct cytotoxicity in vitro than other related compounds.
Palladium‐ und Platin(II)‐Komplexe mit den Anionen von 6‐Methyl‐1,2,3‐oxathiazin‐4(3<i>H</i>)‐on‐2,2‐dioxid und <i>N</i>‐2‐Pyrimidinylsulfanilamid (1985)

Abstract Mit dem Titelliganden L = 3 werden die Komplexe K 2 [ trans ‐PtCl 2 L 2 ] ( 1 ) und K 2 [ML 4 ] (M = Pt, Pd) ( 2 , 4 ) erhalten. Das Sulfadiazin‐Anion ( 5 ) bildet mit ( n Bu 3 P)(Cl)PdCl 2 Pd(Cl)(P n Bu 3 ) einen zweikernigen ligandverbrückten Komplex 6 . Die Verbindungen werden spektroskopisch (IR, 1 H‐NMR) charakterisiert; die Struktur von 1 wird durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt.
Research on Constructing Slice Technology of NURBS Curve (2012)

In general,the parametric method to reconstruction NURBS curve and surface based on laser point cloud is used,but this method requires point cloud with special rules,such as chain curve and surface grid.If the point cloud is messy,it will be difficult to use this method and the fitting surface may distort it badly.To solve this problem,the slicing technology to reconstruct the curve of point cloud is used in the paper.First of all,the curvature analysis method is used to determine the direction of section,and the point cloud with a certain thickness of a series of parallel planes is intersected.Thirdly,the intersection point set is sorted out.At last,the parametric method is used to reconstruct NURBS curves.From the results of experiment,this method has efficient rate and calculation stability in reconstruction of the NURBS curve.
Control Barrier Functions: Theory and Applications (2019)

This paper provides an introduction and overview of recent work on control barrier functions and their use to verify and enforce safety properties in the context of (optimization based) safety-critical controllers. We survey the main technical results and discuss applications to several domains including robotic systems.
Anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgG as an independent cardiovascular prognostic marker affecting basal heart rate in myocardial infarction (2010)

In MI patients, anti-apoA-1 IgG is independently associated with MACE at 1-year, interfering with a currently unknown aldosterone-dependent RHR determinant. Knowing whether anti-apoA-1 IgG assessment could be of interest to identify an MI patient subset susceptible to benefit from apoA-1/IVIG therapy remains to be demonstrated.
Protective effect of Euphorbia neriifolia saponin fraction on CCl 4 -induced acute hepatotoxicity (2010)

The present investigation aims at assessing the hepatoprotective effect of saponin fraction isolated from the leaf of Euphorbia neriifolia on CCl 4 -induced hepatotoxicity on rat. CCl4 (1.5 mg/kg, i.p) is a potent hepatotoxic agent, which induces peroxidative degeneration of membrane lipids causing hypoperfusion of the membrane. Cytosolic enzymes like SGPT, SGOT and ALP elevates in the blood and hepatic glutathione and SOD decreases. The hepatoprotection of triterpene was compared with silymerin, a well known standard hepatoprotectant. Euphol was isolated from E. neriifolia leaf total sapogenin fraction after separation and instrumentation.  Pretreatment with total saponin fraction (50, 125 and 175 mg/kg, p.o once a day for 4 days before CCl 4 and  continued further for 3 days) attenuated the CCl 4 -induced acute increase in serum SGPT, SGOT and ALP  activities and considerably reduced the histopathological alterations. Further, saponin fraction reduced  thiopentone (4 mg/kg, i.p) induced sleeping time, suggesting the protection of liver metabolizing enzymes.  Saponin administration replenished the depleted hepatic GSH and SOD by improving the antioxidant status of  the liver. Saponin pretreatment improves bromsulphalein clearance and also increases the cellular viability.  These effects substantiate protection of cellular phospholipid from peroxidative damage induced by highly  reactive toxic intermediate radicals formed during biotransformation of CCl4. Key words : Euphorbia neriifolia, triterpenoidal saponin, euphol, β-amyrin, hepatoprotective.
Multidimensional voting: a general method for implementing synchronization in distributed systems (2002)

A concept called multidimensional voting, in which the vote and quorum assignments are k-dimensional vectors of nonnegative integers and each dimension is independent of the others, is introduced. Multidimensional voting is more powerful than traditional weighted voting because it is equivalent to the general method for achieving synchronization in distributed systems which is based on coteries (sets of groups of nodes), but its implementation is easier than that of coteries. An efficient algorithm for finding a multidimensional vote assignment for any given coterie is described and examples of its use are shown. It is shown how multidimensional voting can be used to easily implement novel algorithms for synchronizing access to replicated data or to ensure mutual exclusion. These algorithms cannot be implemented by traditional weighted voting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-Density Lipoprotein Prevents Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Downregulation of Liver LOX-1 Expression (2015)

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a specific cell-surface receptor for oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The impact of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated alteration of the LOX-1 level in hepatocytes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact on LOX-1 expression by tunicamycin (TM)-induced ER stress and to determine the effect of HDL on TM-affected LOX-1 expression in hepatic L02 cells. Overexpression or silencing of related cellular genes was conducted in TM-treated cells. mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Protein expression was analyzed by western blot and immunocytochemistry. Lipid uptake was examined by DiI-ox-LDL, followed by flow cytometric analysis. The results showed that TM induced the upregulation of ER chaperone GRP78, downregulation of LOX-1 expression, and lipid uptake. Knock down of IRE1 or XBP-1 effectively restored LOX-1 expression and improved lipid uptake in TM-treated cells. HDL treatment prevented the negative impact on LOX-1 expression and lipid uptake induced by TM. Additionally, 1-10 μg/mL HDL significantly reduced the GRP78, IRE1, and XBP-1 expression levels in TM-treated cells. Our findings reveal that HDL could prevent the TM-induced reduction of LOX-1 expression via inhibiting the IRE1/XBP-1 pathway, suggesting a new mechanism for beneficial roles of HDL in improving lipid metabolism.
Dual-Mode Operation of Stationary Plasma Thrusters (2006)

The dual-mode operation of a stationary plasma thruster (SPT) has been investigated using the SPT-140 laboratory-model thruster. The SPT-140 is designed for operation at power levels between 4 and 6 kW. The first mode investigated is the standard one that the SPT-140 was optimized for and consists of mass-flow rates of 12-14 mg/s, discharge voltages between 300 and 400 V, thrust levels of 220-320 mN, and specific impulses ranging from 1900 to 2300 s. The second mode corresponds to high specific impulse (over 3000 s) at reduced thrust (less than 140 mN) operation over the same power range as the first mode. In spite of limitations in magnetic field optimization, anode thrust efficiencies over 55% have been obtained in the second mode. The physical features of high-specific-impulse SPT operation are discussed, including the limitations on the mass flow rates for efficient thruster operation and the possible impact of doubly charged xenon ions on Hall thrusters' characteristics. In addition, a thruster scaling analysis is presented that underlines the tendency for high-power thrusters to operate efficiently over a broader range of mass flow rates and discharge voltages than low-power SPTs.
A high-mobility electronic system at an electrolyte-gated oxide surface (2015)

Electrolyte gating is a powerful technique for accumulating large carrier densities at a surface. Yet this approach suffers from significant sources of disorder: electrochemical reactions can damage or alter the sample, and the ions of the electrolyte and various dissolved contaminants sit Angstroms from the electron system. Accordingly, electrolyte gating is well suited to studies of superconductivity and other phenomena robust to disorder, but of limited use when reactions or disorder must be avoided. Here we demonstrate that these limitations can be overcome by protecting the sample with a chemically inert, atomically smooth sheet of hexagonal boron nitride. We illustrate our technique with electrolyte-gated strontium titanate, whose mobility when protected with boron nitride improves more than 10-fold while achieving carrier densities nearing 10(14) cm(-2). Our technique is portable to other materials, and should enable future studies where high carrier density modulation is required but electrochemical reactions and surface disorder must be minimized.
Duct resonance and its effect on the performance of high-pressure ratio axisymmetric ejectors (1988)

The effect of duct resonance on the performance of high-pressure ratio axisymmetric ejectors was investigated in a series of experiments involving analysis of the emitted noise and schlieren photography of the ejector duct flow. The thrust characteristics obtained with changing blowing pressure were found to contain irregularities, and these were found to be associated with certain tones of acoustic radiation which tuned to the transverse modes of the mixing duct. When varying the blowing pressure for a given ejector the discrete tone fundamental frequency showed a staging behavior, and the frequencies at the discontinuities separating the stages coincided with the calculated modes of the duct. For a given frequency discontinuity, the Helmholtz number (based on duct diameter), was found to be the same for all ejectors tested. For each family of ejectors having the same duct-length to diameter ratio, the blowing pressure at which certain discontinuities occurred varied linearly with duct to nozzle area ratio, and the thrust irregularities assumed similar linear relationships. Increasing the duct length greatly improved thrust augmentation in the relatively high-pressure range and shifted thrust irregularities and the corresponding frequency discontinuities to lower pressure ranges. The schlieren photographs showed that the primary jet spread, and its mixing with the entrained secondary stream, were evidently enhanced by duct resonance. The jet appeared to be surrounded by interspersed helical eddies and to be oscillating in a spinning mode.
Control of DFIG based wind generation to improve inter-area oscillation damping (2008)

In this paper, control of inter-area oscillation in power systems with high wind power penetration is achieved via doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The DFIG is modeled in Matlab <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reg</sup> /Simulink. A two-area system is investigated with a wind farm connected in the area that exports power. Control schemes for active power and reactive power regulation are designed firstly. The paper finds that without active power and reactive power regulation, it is impossible to design an effective inter-area oscillation damping controller through DFIG machine side inverter. An auxiliary control loop for oscillation damping that adjusts the active power command can help damp the inter-area oscillation. Time domain simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the control.
In Vivo Distribution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Coreceptors: CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR5 (1998)

We have evaluated the in vivo distribution of the major human immunodeficiency virus/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) coreceptors, CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR5, in both rhesus macaques and humans. T lymphocytes and macrophages in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues are the major cell populations expressing HIV/SIV coreceptors, reaffirming that these cells are the major targets of HIV/SIV infection in vivo. In lymphoid tissues such as the lymph node and the thymus, approximately 1 to 10% of the T lymphocytes and macrophages are coreceptor positive. However, coreceptor expression was not detected on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in lymph nodes, suggesting that the ability of FDC to trap extracellular virions is unlikely to be mediated by a coreceptor-specific mechanism. In the thymus, a large number of immature and mature T lymphocytes express CXCR4, which may render these cells susceptible to infection by syncytium-inducing viral variants that use this coreceptor for entry. In addition, various degrees of coreceptor expression are found among different tissues and also among different cells within the same tissues. Coreceptor-positive cells are more frequently identified in the colon than in the rectum and more frequently identified in the cervix than in the vagina, suggesting that the expression levels of coreceptors are differentially regulated at different anatomic sites. Furthermore, extremely high levels of CXCR4 and CCR3 expression are found on the neurons from both the central and peripheral nervous systems. These findings may be helpful in understanding certain aspects of HIV and SIV pathogenesis and transmission.
생물학적 통제의 시대 인간복제(human cloning)에 대한 윤리적 논의 (2015)

The aim of this paper is to examine the ethical discussions regarding human cloning in the perspective of ethics presented in Buddhism and...
The Role of Gold Acetylides as a Selectivity Trigger and the Importance of <i>gem</i>-Diaurated Species in the Gold-Catalyzed Hydroarylating-Aromatization of Arene-Diynes (2012)

Terminal 1,2-dialkynylarenes undergo an unexpected cyclization hydroarylation reaction toward naphthalene derivatives in benzene as the solvent. The regioselectivity of the reaction can be controlled by careful catalyst tuning. Also, the preparation of a bench-stable cationic amine complex or simple heterogenization of the catalyst on neutral aluminum oxide, which enables efficient catalyst recycling, was possible. Intensive mechanistic investigations were undertaken, giving new insights into the so-far underestimated role of acetylides in gold chemistry. The gold plays a fascinating dual role serving to both catalyze the reaction and activate the substrate by Au–C-σ bond formation. Evidence of gem-diaurated compounds playing an important part for gold catalysis is also reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution‐Phase Segment Synthesis of Boron‐Rich Peptides. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid metabolism of renal failure, dialysis-dependent children and adolescents]. (1991)

In six renally insufficient children and adolescents (age: 8-21 years) on hemodialysis the effect of L-carnitine supplementation at two dose levels (10 mg/kg/d vs. 100 mg/kg/d) on parameters of lipid metabolism was investigated. L-Carnitine substitution was carried out over four weeks per dose level. Under this regime a significant increase of the serum carnitine concentration occurred together with a decrease in the AC/FC-ratio (x: 1.59 to x:0.83). During the same period a significant decrease in serum triglyceride levels as well as an increase in serum HDL-cholesterol were observed. An inverse correlation (r = -0.63; p less than 0.0008) was found between HDL-cholesterol and the AC/FC-ratio. L-carnitine supplementation and its increasing effect on HDL-cholesterol in patients with renal insufficiency may be considered as antiatherogenic.
A wearable augmented reality system with personal positioning based on walking locomotion analysis (2003)

In this paper, we present a wearable augmented reality (AR) system with personal positioning based on walking locomotion analysis that allows a user to freely mover around indoors and outdoors. The user is equipped with self-contained sensors, a wearable camera, an inertial head tracker and display. The system is based on the sensor fusion of estimates for relative displacement caused by human walking locomotion and estimates for absolute position and orientation within a Kalman filtering framework. The former is based on intensive analysis of human walking behavior using self-contained sensors. The latter is based on image matching of video frames from a wearable camera with an image database that was prepared beforehand.
Nanoliposome is a Promising Carrier of Protein and Peptide Biomolecule for the Treatment of Cancer (2016)

Nano-liposomes are the newly developed delivery systems for cancer therapy that are finding a position particularly suitable as peptide and protein carriers. These are three-layered self-assembled structures with nanoparticulate carrier systems. The overall pharmacological properties of commonly used protein and peptide in cancer therapy can be improved by the incorporation of protein and peptide into the nano-liposome. The surface modifications can be made liposomes to make compatible with targeting ligands has made these nanocarriers for targeted delivery. This review discusses the method of preparation and characterization of liposome based protein peptide delivery for the treatment of cancer. This review also explores latest work intended for targeted treatment of cancer by nano-liposomal protein and peptide delivery system. This type of delivery is targeting protein and peptide to tumor site by avoiding the reticuloendothelial system. Methods of nano-liposome delivery containing protein and peptide are also highlighted.
Bridging gaps in computerised assessment of texts (2002)

A survey of major systems for the automated assessment of free-text answers is presented. This includes the Project Essay Grade (PEG), the Intelligent Essay Assessor (IEA), which employs latent semantic analysis (LSA), and the Electronic Essay Rater (E-Rater). All these systems have the same weakness in that they are unable to perform any assessment of text content. The word order is also not taken into account. In an effort to bridge the gaps in knowledge about this research problem, an introduction to a novel automated text marker (ATM) prototype is given in this paper.
Pea Seedling Histaminase as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Anaphylactic and Inflammatory Disorders (2007)

Amine oxidases (AOs) are ubiquitous enzymes involved in the metabolism of biogenic amines. Copper AOs (Cu-AOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of primary amine groups of several biogenic amines, such as putrescine, cadaverine, and histamine. In the present review, the effects of a plant amine oxidase (Cu-AO, histaminase, EC1.4.3.6) purified from pea seedlings in the modulation of IgE-mediated allergic reactions, and in the prevention of cardiac and splachnic postischemic reperfusion damage are reported.
Innate secretory antibodies protect against natural <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> infection (2006)

The production of IgA is induced in an antigen-unspecific manner by commensal flora. These secretory antibodies (SAbs) may bind multiple antigens and are thought to eliminate commensal bacteria and self-antigens to avoid systemic recognition. In this study, we addressed the role of "innate" SAbs, i.e., those that are continuously produced in normal individuals, in protection against infection of the gastrointestinal tract. We used polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-/-) knock-out mice, which are unable to bind and actively transport dimeric IgA and pentameric IgM to the mucosae, and examined the role of innate SAbs in protection against the invasive pathogen Salmonella typhimurium. In vitro experiments suggested that innate IgA in pIgR-/- serum bound S. typhimurium in a cross-reactive manner which inhibited epithelial cell invasion. Using a "natural" infection model, we demonstrated that pIgR-/- mice are profoundly sensitive to infection with S. typhimurium via the fecal-oral route and, moreover, shed more bacteria that readily infected other animals. These results imply an important evolutionary role for innate SAbs in protecting both the individual and the herd against infections, and suggest that the major role of SAbs may be to prevent the spread of microbial pathogens throughout the population, rather than protection of local mucosal surfaces.
Population attributable fractions for risk factors for dementia in low-income and middle-income countries: an analysis using cross-sectional survey data (2019)

No funding.
Reduced power magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of the prostate at 4.0 Tesla (2009)

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the prostate has been described at 1.5 T and 3 T as a means of localizing prostate cancers with high sensitivity and specificity. This technique could be improved by increasing the field strength further; however, it has not been described in detail above 3 T. To address the increase in B1 and SAR at high field strengths, a new protocol is described for reduced power STEAM MRSI of the prostate at 4.0 Tesla, using a pelvic surface coil array for RF transmission and reception, and a solid, reusable endorectal coil for reception only. The optimal STEAM sequence timing parameters for observation of the strongly coupled citrate spin system were determined through simulation to be echo time (TE) = 27 ms and mixing time (TM) = 27 ms, and the results were verified in vitro. Power reduction was achieved by applying the VERSE method to each of the three slice selective pulses in the STEAM sequence, and the B(1)max and SAR were reduced by 43% and 36%, respectively. Finally, in vivo spectroscopic imaging data were acquired from a prostate cancer patient, demonstrating the detection of citrate, choline, and creatine with 0.37 cc nominal resolution in a 10 minute scan.