gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solubilities of salts and kinetics of reaction between hydroxide ions and iron(II)–di-imine complexes in water–methanol mixtures. Derivation of single-ion transfer chemical potentials and their application to analysis of solvent effects on kinetic parameters (1986)

Kinetic data are reported for the reaction at 298 K and ambient pressure between two iron(II)–di-imine complex cations and hydroxide ions in water–methanol mixtures. Solubility data are reported for a range of inorganic salts containing simple and complex ions. Methods for calculating transfer chemical potentials of single ions are examined and, depending on the extrathermodynamic assumption, shown to predict different trends in the properties of ions in these aqueous mixtures. Further, calculated initial- and transition-state solvation effects on the kinetics are different: in some cases dramatically so. The solvation characteristics are compared for various ions in methanol–water mixtures as calculated using the tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate (TPTB) assumption, which sets the transfer chemical potential of tetraphenylphosphonium ions equal to that of tetraphenyl-boronate ions. Arguments are advanced for adopting single-ion transfer chemical potentials based on this assumption. Relationships are examined between the transfer parameters for H+, H3O+, ROH+2 and H9O+4 ions in binary aqueous mixtures, ROH + H2O.
Human Serology in Chlamydia trachomatis Infection with Microimmunofluorescence (1974)

The applicability of a microimmunofluorescence technique with TRIC-LGV antigens (i.e., antigens from microorganisms causing trachoma-inclusion conjunctivitis and lymphogranuloma venereum) for antibody determination in human serum was investigated. One or more samples of serum from 124 patients who were from various areas of the world and from whom a TRIC-LGV organism had been isolated were tested. (All isolates had been typed and included all presently recognized immunotypes except type A.) Of the patients tested, 94% had a titer of antibody of ⩾1:8 against at least one of the 13 antigens used, always including the type isolated. Seventy-nine percent of sera showed a type-specific antibody response, while 15% had a pattern of multiple antibody response that precluded a specific type diagnosis. Among the 6% of patients without evident antibody, all but one were males with mild urethritis. Patients who had classical LGV infection with buboes had antibody to more than one type, often in very high titer. The possibility of rapid disappearance of microimmunofluorescent antibody after cessation of TRIC infection was demonstrated.
Long-term Results of a New Antithrombogenic Cardiac Wall Substitute (1989)

We evaluated the long-term results of a new antithrombogenic cardiac wall substitute which is composed of collagen-coated ultrafine polyester mesh cross-linked by a hydrophilic polyepoxy compound (CUFP), and compared it with glutaraldehyde-treated equine pericardium (GA graft). In an animal study, 20 CUFPs and 18 GA control grafts were implanted as patches in the right ventricular outflow tract in 38 dogs. In the CUFP at 28 days after implantation, a thin neointima, which was almost endothelialized, had been formed. Fibroblasts and vasa vasorum were seen inside both the neointima and the graft wall. At 168 days, transmission electron microscopy revealed smooth muscle-like cells in the neointima, with endothelialization. The CUFP at 486 days had maintained a white, shiny, smooth, thin, and uniform neointima with endothelialization. Neither ulcer nor thrombus formation was seen on the surface, while in the GA graft at 353 days, no endothelialization was noticed in the center and almost no fibroblasts had infiltrated into the graft wall. From these results, the CUFP should be an ideal candidate for cardiac wall substitution.
Speech communication for working group based on LAN (1999)

We present a system which is used for working group speech communication based on a LAN (local area network). In our system we need a multimedia PC and a network adapter. People may use speech to communicate with each other in the working group. The system is based on client/server architecture. Packet exchange is used to pass speech signals through the LAN. In order to shorten the speech communication delay we used the LD-CELP algorithm in the software coder/decoder for signal compression. The original speech signal is 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps. For speech communication in the working group the system is simpler than the IP phone.
A Mechanistic Study of Vanadium-Sorbent Surface Interaction at High Temperature (2007)

A mechanistic study of vanadium-sorbent interaction at high temperature was conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of sorbent injection for controlling vanadium emissions from combustion systems. Both calcium- and silica-based sorbents successfully reduced the formation of vanadium submicron particles. The capture of vanadium was found to correlate well with sorbent surface area, demonstrating that the dominant mechanism was condensation. Bimodal lognormal modeling based on the experimental conditions verified that condensation on injected sorbents was a very effective means of scavenging vanadium vapor. However, if vanadium vapor quickly nucleated (e.g., through gas phase hydrolysis in the studied system) to form a large number of ultrafine particles, their much larger specific surface area overshadowed that of the sorbent particles and scavenged the rest of the vanadium vapor. Using the residence times employed in this study, intra-coagulation of and condensation onto these ultrafine vanadium particles was not an effective means of growing the particles to the supermicrometer range. Such a scenario decreased the effectiveness of the sorbent technique. Consequently, enhancing direct vanadium condensation onto sorbent particles and suppressing vanadium nucleation is critical to successful reduction of vanadium emissions from combustion sources.
Teneurin-1, a vertebrate homologue of the <i>Drosophila</i> pair-rule gene Ten-m, is a neuronal protein with a novel type of heparin-binding domain (1999)

The Drosophila gene ten-m is the first pair-rule gene not encoding a transcription factor, but an extracellular protein. We have characterized a highly conserved chicken homologue that we call teneurin-1. The C-terminal part harbors 26 repetitive sequence motifs termed YD-repeats. The YD-repeats are most similar to the core of the rhs elements of Escherichia coli. Related repeats in toxin A of Clostridium difficile are known to bind specific carbohydrates. We show that recombinantly expressed proteins containing the YD-repeats of teneurin-1 bind to heparin. Furthermore, heparin lyase treatment of extracts of cells expressing recombinant YD-repeat protein releases this protein from high molecular mass aggregates. In situ hybridization and immunostaining reveals teneurin-1 expression in neurons of the developing visual system of chicken and Drosophila. This phylogenetic conservation of neuronal expression from flies to birds implies fundamental roles for teneurin-1 in neurogenesis. This is supported by the neurite outgrowth occurring on substrates made of recombinant YD-repeat proteins, which can be inhibited by heparin. Database searches resulted in the identification of ESTs encoding at least three further members of the teneurin family of proteins. Furthermore, the human teneurin-1 gene could be identified on chromosome Xq24/25, a region implied in an X-linked mental retardation syndrome.
Performance analysis of an adaptive OFDM packet data system (2002)

This paper studies the performance of a broadband OFDM system concept intended for fixed and nomadic applications. The system is designed for efficient packet data transmission, and in particular for TCP/IP. A combination of OFDM, adjustable time division duplexing (TDD), adaptive modulation/coding, and selective ARQ is used to provide a flexible and robust air interface. Estimates of the achievable data rates and spectral efficiencies under different deployment scenarios are obtained from a combination of link-level and system-level simulations.
Dinitratocerium (IV) Chromate Dihydrate, [Ce(No<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] CrO<sub>4</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O, a Mild Reagent for the Oxidation of Organic Compounds in Organic Media (1984)

Abstract The title compound has been prepared and used for the oxidation of different organic substrates in benzene.
ChemInform Abstract: Models of Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls Binding Affinity to the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Developed Using <sup>13</sup>C NMR Data. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
BIOINFTool: Bioinformatics and sequence data analysis in molecular biology using Matlab (2006)

Bioinformatics is conceptualizing biology in terms of macromolecules (in the sense of physical-chemistry) and then applying informatics techniques (derived from disciplines such as applied mathematics, computer science, and statistics) to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules, on a large-scale. Analyses in bioinformatics predominantly focus on three types of large datasets available in molecular biology: macromolecular structures, genome sequences, and gene expression data. Techniques developed by computer scientists have enabled researchers at Celera Genomics, the Human Genome Project consortium, and other laboratories around the world to sequence the nearly 3 billion base pairs of the roughly 40,000 genes of the human genome. This feat would have been virtually impossible without computational methods. The aim of this work is to organize data in a way that allows researchers to access existing information and to submit new entries as they are produced. The information stored in these databases is essentially useless until analyzed, thus our purpose is extended much further to develop tools and resources that aid in the analysis of data. We can use these tools to analyze the data and interpret the results in a biologically meaningful manner.
Fascin is involved in the chemotherapeutic resistance of breast cancer cells predominantly via the PI3K/Akt pathway (2014)

This is the first report to demonstrate fascin involvement in breast cancer chemotherapeutic resistance, supporting the development of fascin-targeting drugs for better treatment of chemoresistance breast cancer.
Crystallization kinetics of isotactic polystyrene. I. Spherulitic growth rate (1968)

Abstract The spherulitic growth rate of isotactic polystyrene has been measured in a wide range of temperature by means of a polarizing microscope provided with a hot stage. It was possible to fit the experimental data to theory by choosing a value of 75 for the constant C 2 of the WLF equation. The growth rate parameters were compared with those of polyethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene. The slowness of crystallization of isotactic polystyrene is mainly a consequence of the lower mobility of the molecules caused by the bulky phenyl groups.
Inhibition of the Mitogenic Response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Mouse Spleen Cells by Polymyxin B (1977)

Abstract The addition of low doses of the cationic polypeptide antibiotic, polymyxin B (PB), to cultures of mouse spleen cells inhibits lipopolysaccharide-(LPS) induced DNA synthesis but not that stimulated by PPD, PHA, or Con A. Inhibition is stoichiometric; the mitogenic response is suppressed by 50% at a weight ratio of PB:LPS of 0.055 to 1. Furthermore, PB-LPS complexes have a much reduced mitogenic capacity. These complexes inhibit the mitogenic response of spleen cells to unmodified LPS but not to PPD, Con A, or PHA. The inhibitory activity of PB is less effective when added after LPS is mixed with responding cells, achieving 50% inhibition when addition is made at 4 to 6 hr. Time course experiments indicate that partial inhibition is a reflection of a lower rate of DNA synthesis. Thus, PB inhibition of LPS mitogenesis apparently occurs as a result of formation of PB-LPS complexes with reduced mitogenic capacity. Specific inhibition by the complexes of mitogenesis induced by native LPS suggests that the inactive complex may bind to B cells but is unable to trigger them.
Evaluation of PolyMPC–Dox Prodrugs in a Human Ovarian Tumor Model (2016)

A polymer prodrug, composed of doxorubicin (Dox) conjugated covalently to poly(methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (polyMPC), was evaluated for the treatment of human ovarian tumors in animals. PolyMPC-Dox prodrugs were prepared using facile conjugation chemistry to yield conjugates soluble in water and injectable saline, with a Dox loading of ∼19 weight percent. Toxicity evaluation showed that polyMPC was well-tolerated in mice at doses up to 800 mg/kg, confirming the biocompatibility of the polymer carrier at a high concentration. Additionally, the polyMPC-Dox prodrug was well-tolerated in animals at a Dox equivalent dose of 10 mg/kg, greater than twice the maximum tolerated dose of free Dox (∼4 mg/kg) in the same mouse strain. In a human ovarian tumor model (SKOV-3), polyMPC-Dox accumulated in tumors at twice the level of free Dox, with no additional off-target organ uptake, a result of improved pharmacokinetics afforded by the prodrug and passive targeting attributed to an enhanced permeability and retention effect. When administered to human ovarian tumor-bearing mice using a recurring dosing regimen comparable to that used clinically, polyMPC-Dox significantly retarded tumor growth relative to treatment with free Dox. Moreover, animals treated with multiple doses of polyMPC-Dox (eight total doses) exhibited enhanced survival, with a notably reduced incidence of toxicity or adverse events relative to mice treated with free Dox. These in vivo results demonstrate advantages of treating human ovarian tumors with polyMPC-Dox, including reduced systemic toxicity, improved drug accumulation in tumors, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
Unified description of temperature-dependent hydrogen-bond rearrangements in liquid water (2005)

The unique chemical and physical properties of liquid water are a direct result of its highly directional hydrogen-bond (HB) network structure and associated dynamics. However, despite intense experimental and theoretical scrutiny spanning more than four decades, a coherent description of this HB network remains elusive. The essential question of whether continuum or multicomponent ("intact," "broken bond," etc.) models best describe the HB interactions in liquid water has engendered particularly intense discussion. Most notably, the temperature dependence of water's Raman spectrum has long been considered to be among the strongest evidence for a multicomponent distribution. Using a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we show here that many of the features of the Raman spectrum that are considered to be hallmarks of a multistate system, including the asymmetric band profile, the isosbestic (temperature invariant) point, and van't Hoff behavior, actually result from a continuous distribution. Furthermore, the excellent agreement between our newly remeasured Raman spectra and our model system further supports the locally tetrahedral description of liquid water, which has recently been called into question.
Flow and thermal fields in channels between corotating disks (1988)

Flow and thermal fields in disk packs are analyzed numerically. These flows are a subset of enclosed rotating cavity flows in which the disks are rotating with the same angular velocity and contained within a fixed cylindrical shroud. The axisymmetric model under consideration consists of a pair of corotating disks with mid-line symmetry. The corotating disks are assumed to be fully shrouded. Computed velocity and temperature fields in the gap between corotating disks are given for a 5.25-in. disk geometry drive. Estimates of disk windage for corotating disks were found to be 30 to 40% of those obtained for a rotor/stator geometry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the mouse synexin gene (1994)

We have isolated and characterized the gene encoding mouse synexin, which consists of 14 exons and spans approximately 30 kbp of genomic DNA. The protein's unique N-terminal domain is encoded by six exons, and the C-terminal tetrad repeat, the site of the membrane-fusion and ion-channel domain, is encoded by seven exons. The first exon encodes the 5'-untranslated region. Analysis of synexin-gene expression in different mouse tissues shows that mRNA with exon 6 is only present in brain, heart and skeletal muscle. mRNA lacking exon 6 is expressed in all tissues we have examined. The initiation site for transcription was determined by primer-extension analysis and S1 nuclease mapping. Sequence analysis of the 1.3 kb 5'-flanking region revealed that the promoter has a TATA box located at position -25 and a number of potential promoter and regulatory elements. A CCAAT motif was not observed but CCATT is located in an appropriate position for the CCAAT motif upstream from the transcription-initiation start site. In addition, the 5'-flanking region contains two sets of palindromic sequences. Finally, we have determined that the functional synexin gene (Anx7) is located on mouse chromosome 14 and that a pseudogene (Anx7-ps1) is located on chromosome 10.
Structural basis for cellobiose dehydrogenase action during oxidative cellulose degradation (2015)

A new paradigm for cellulose depolymerization by fungi focuses on an oxidative mechanism involving cellobiose dehydrogenases (CDH) and copper-dependent lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO); however, mechanistic studies have been hampered by the lack of structural information regarding CDH. CDH contains a haem-binding cytochrome (CYT) connected via a flexible linker to a flavin-dependent dehydrogenase (DH). Electrons are generated from cellobiose oxidation catalysed by DH and shuttled via CYT to LPMO. Here we present structural analyses that provide a comprehensive picture of CDH conformers, which govern the electron transfer between redox centres. Using structure-based site-directed mutagenesis, rapid kinetics analysis and molecular docking, we demonstrate that flavin-to-haem interdomain electron transfer (IET) is enabled by a haem propionate group and that rapid IET requires a closed CDH state in which the propionate is tightly enfolded by DH. Following haem reduction, CYT reduces LPMO to initiate oxygen activation at the copper centre and subsequent cellulose depolymerization.
Switching time of a 100 watt bulb (1999)

The switching time of a bulb, i.e. the time taken to achieve a state of full brilliance after being turned on, is of considerable pedagogical interest. To estimate this time we take the resistance and heat capacity of the filament as suitably parametrized functions of the temperature and solve a simplified heat equation. A numerical comparison is made with the experimental data on a 100 watt bulb.
Ordered arrays of nanoporous silicon nanopillars and silicon nanopillars with nanoporous shells (2013)

The fabrication of ordered arrays of nanoporous Si nanopillars with and without nanoporous base and ordered arrays of Si nanopillars with nanoporous shells are presented. The fabrication route is using a combination of substrate conformal imprint lithography and metal-assisted chemical etching. The metal-assisted chemical etching is performed in solutions with different [HF]/[H2O2 + HF] ratios. Both pore formation and polishing (marked by the vertical etching of the nanopillars) are observed in highly doped and lightly doped Si during metal-assisted chemical etching. Pore formation is more active in the highly doped Si, while the transition from polishing to pore formation is more obvious in the lightly doped Si. The etching rate is clearly higher in the highly doped Si. Oxidation occurs on the sidewalls of the pillars by etching in solutions with small [HF]/[H2O2 + HF] ratios, leading to thinning, bending, and bonding of pillars.
KILN DUST-FLY ASH SYSTEMS FOR HIGHWAY BASES AND SUBBASES (1983)

Production of lime and portland cement results in the annual generation of more than 20 million tons of kiln dust, mostly cement kiln dust. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of substituting kiln dusts for hydrated lime in lime-fly ash-aggregate road base systems. A total of 45 kilm dust samples, including 33 cement dusts and 12 lime dusts, were obtained in accordance with a standard sampling procedure. In addition, 18 fly ashes (including 5 Class C ash samples) and 6 aggregates were included in the sampling program. Kiln dust and fly ash samples were characterized by Trow, Ltd. to determine physical properties and chemical, as well as mineralogical, composition. Optimum kiln dust-fly ash ratios were developed for 66 mix combinations. Kiln dust-fly ash-aggregate compressive strength tests were performed. Engineering properties (durability, volume stability, etc.) of optimum mix combinations were tested and compared with conventional lime-fly ash-aggregate mixtures. Most kiln dust-fly ash-aggregate mixes were comparable to, and in many cases demonstrated higher early strength development than, lime-fly ash-aggregate mixes. Optimum mix strengths for kiln dust-fly ash-aggregate compositions were generally attained at kiln dust-fly ash ratios of 2:1 using cement liln dust and 1:1 using lime liln dust. By contrast, most lime-fly ash-aggregate mixes have lime-fly ash ratios of 1:3 or 1:4. Therefore, higher concentrations of kiln dust are required compared to commercial lime. Mixes containing Class C fly ash developed higher strengths than comparable mixes with Class F fly ash. (FHWA)
GECO: Global Event-Driven Co-Simulation Framework for Interconnected Power System and Communication Network (2012)

The vision of a smart grid is predicated upon pervasive use of modern digital communication techniques to today's power system. As wide area measurements and control techniques are being developed and deployed for a more resilient power system, the role of communication network is becoming prominent. Power system dynamics gets influenced by the communication delays in the network. Therefore, extensive integration of power system and communication infrastructure mandates that the two systems be studied as a single distributed cyber-physical system. This paper proposes a power system and communication network co-simulation framework (GECO) using a global event-driven mechanism. The accuracy is tunable based on the time-scale requirements of the phenomena being studied. This co-simulation can improve the practical investigation of smart grid and evaluate wide area measurement and control schemes. As a case study, a communication-based backup distance relay protection scheme is co-simulated and validated on this co-simulation framework.