gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) controls anterior pituitary hormone secretion. (1986)

Intraventricular injection (3V) of GABA can lead to a dose-related increase in plasma LH in ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX, estrogen-primed animals. Since the effects were blocked by the GABA receptor antagonist, bicucculine (B), they appear to be specific. These alterations in plasma LH were accompanied by alterations in hypothalamic LHRH, dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) content which suggests roles for all three compounds in the genesis of the increase in plasma LH. Since the DA receptor blocker pimozide (P) failed to block the elevation in LH induced by GABA it appears that the effect of GABA on LH release is mediated by NE. Others have found that the GABA agonist, muscimol, can lower plasma LH under certain conditions. Consequently, it appears likely that there may be opposite actions of GABA on LHRH release depending on the site of action within the hypothalamus. Intravenous (iv) injection of B in OVX rats produced an initial fall in plasma LH followed by a prolonged rise which again suggests several sites of action of GABA on LH release. GABA had no effect on FSH release consistent with separate control of this hormone. 3V injection of various doses of GABA produced a dose-related lowering of plasma TSH in OVX rats which appeared to be mediated by the dopaminergic system since P abolished the TSH-lowering of GABA. Following iv injection of B in normal male rats, there was a dramatic decline in TSH suggesting that under these conditions GABA would have a stimulatory action. Similar results were seen in OVX rats. The results indicate an important stimulatory action of GABA on TSH release in both males and OVX females. Perhaps the discrepancy between the results with B and GABA can be explained again by multiple sites of action of GABA of opposite sign. 3V injection of GABA induced a dose-related stimulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion; however, more recent evidence from other laboratories suggests that under certain conditions GABA has an inhibitory role in GH secretion. Again, we speculate that GABA had dual sites of action of opposite sign to affect GH. In contrast to the effects of GABA on these pituitary hormones, it appears to have a direct inhibitory effect on prolactin (Prl) secretion via the lactotrophs. Both stimulatory and inhibitory actions of GABA have been found following its injection into the brain. Studies with iv B also support dual actions on Prl release.
Pooled analysis of 3 european case‐control studies of epithelial ovarian cancer: III. Oral contraceptive use (1991)

The relationship between use of oral contraceptives (OCs) and other contraceptive methods and the risk of ovarian cancer was examined in a combined analysis of 3 hospital-based case-control studies conducted in Italy, the United Kingdom, and Greece, for a total of 971 ovarian cancer cases and 2,258 controls under age 65. Compared with never-users, the combined multivariate relative risk (RR) for ever-users was 0.6 (95% confidence interval, CI = 0.4-0.8) and the estimates were consistent in the 3 datasets. The protection was also similar across strata of age and parity. Considering various measures of OC use, available in the Italian and British datasets only, the protection conveyed on ovarian cancer risk increased with the duration of use and persisted in the medium-long period: the RR in women reporting their last OC use greater than or equal to 15 years prior to diagnosis was 0.5 (95% CI = 0.2-1.0). The risks in ever-users were appreciably lower in those women who reported their first OC use before 25 years of age (RR = 0.3 for first use before age 25, 0.8 for first use at age 25-34 and 0.7 at 35 years or after). Such findings emerged similarly from Italian and British data. This combined analysis, besides offering further quantitative estimates of the protective effects of OCs on ovarian cancer risk in European populations, provides useful insights into the time pattern of the relationship between OC use and ovarian carcinogenesis, suggesting that the protection persists for 15 years or more after cessation of use and may be larger for use at younger age.
世界王牌特种部队独家系列报道②——火线上的特工：美国外交安全局 (2001)

1999年12月7日，特拉维夫，以色列本·古里安国际机场。100多名全副武装的安全特工和警察正焦急地等待着美国国务卿奥尔布赖特的降落。离新千年只有不到4个星期的时间了，这位美国国务卿收到了无数的恐吓信，而她却频繁穿梭于中东各国之间，为和平进程而奔忙。与此同时，情报人员正在跟踪一群为本·拉登卖命的国际恐怖分子，后者正密谋着在新千年到来前来一次致命打击。
Fast and Robust Background Updating for Real-time Traffic Surveillance and Monitoring (2006)

Background updating is an important aspect of dynamic scene analysis. Three critical problems: sudden camera perturbation, sudden or gradual illumination change and the sleeping person problem, which arise frequently in realworld surveillance and monitoring systems, are addressed in the proposed scheme. The paper presents a multi-color model where multiple color clusters are used to represent the background at each pixel location. In the proposed background updating scheme, the updates to the mean and variance of each color cluster at each pixel location incorporate the most recently observed color values. Each cluster is assigned a weight which measures the time duration and temporal recurrence frequency of the cluster. The sleeping person problem is tackled by virtue of the observation that at a given pixel location, the time durations and recurrence frequencies of the color clusters representing temporarily static objects are smaller compared to those of color clusters representing the true background colors when measured over a sufficiently long temporal history. The camera perturbation problem is solved using a fast camera motion detection algorithm that allows the current background image to be registered with the background model maintained in memory. Sudden illumination changes are handled by using an adaptive histogram template whereas gradual illumination changes are automatically resolved with the adaptive background model. The background updating scheme is shown to be robust even when the scene is very busy and also computationally efficient, making it suitable for realtime traffic surveillance and monitoring systems. Experimental results on real traffic monitoring and surveillance videos are presented.
Use of Calcium Channel Blocking Agents in the Management of Childhood Asthma (1984)

The function of the cells involved in the genesis of bronchial asthma is calcium dependent. The "Ca2+ hypothesis of asthma" suggests that calcium channel blocking agents may have a beneficial effect in asthma. The clinical trials with the available classic calcium antagonists in childhood asthma are very few and their clinical application remains to be determined. Sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen, which have been in clinical use for many years, can be considered as calcium channel blockers and seem to have a significant role in the prophylaxis of bronchial asthma.
Octave-spanning supercontinuum generation via microwave frequency multiplication (2016)

We demonstrate a system based on telecom components for the generation of a coherent octave-spanning supercontinuum from a continuous-wave laser. The system utilizes direct multiplication of a 10 GHz signal derived from a commercial synthesizer to carve pulses from the laser, which are then iteratively chirped and compressed in two stages. After reducing the repetition rate of the resulting pulse train to 2.5 GHz using selective transmission through an electro-optic gate, propagation through highly-nonlinear fiber generates an octave-spanning supercontinuum spectrum. We discuss the impact of the noise of the modulation frequency on the coherence of the supercontinuum and discuss its mitigation. Close agreement between experiment and theory is shown throughout, and we use our ability to precisely model the experiment to propose an extension of the system to 20 GHz repetition rate.
Foreign bodies in the eye (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Single Living Cell Encapsulation in Nano-organized Polyelectrolyte Shells (2002)

Single living yeast cells have been encapsulated by the alternate adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. Exploiting fluorescence techniques, we provide evidence of the shell and cell integrity after the coating procedure. The most relevant result, however, is that, after encapsulation, cells preserve their metabolic activities and they are still able to divide. These hybrid polyelectrolyte cells can provide a cheap model system in a wide range of biophysical and biotechnological applications, thanks to the tunable properties of the polyelectrolyte shell.
Acute effects of a single open sea air dive and post-dive posture on cardiac output and pulmonary gas exchange in recreational divers (2005)

Field dives are associated with moderate impairments in cardiac output and gas exchange. Some of these impairments appear to depend on the posture of the diver after the dive.
The program summary graph and flow-sensitive interprocedual data flow analysis (1988)

article Free Access Share on The program summary graph and flow-sensitive interprocedual data flow analysis Author: D. Callahan Rice Univ., Houston, TX Rice Univ., Houston, TXView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 23Issue 7July 1988pp 47–56https://doi.org/10.1145/960116.53995Published:01 June 1988Publication History 123citation1,160DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations123Total Downloads1,160Last 12 Months84Last 6 weeks9 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Measurement-based characterization of a collection of on-line games (2005)

On-line games are a rapidly growing Internet application. Because of the cost in supporting on-line games and the unpredictable load on servers, companies are moving toward sharing infrastructure for game hosting. To efficiently provision on-line games, it is important to understand game workloads and the behavior of game players. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of a collection of on-line game players and game workloads using data from several sources including: a 13-month trace of an extremely busy game server containing over 2.8 million connections, a two-year trace of the aggregate game populations of over 550 on-line games, and a 4-month trace of a content-distribution network used to deliver games. The key findings from our measurement study are: (1) these gamers are an extremely difficult set of users to satisfy and unless game servers are properly set up and provisioned, gamers quickly choose to go elsewhere, (2) the popularity of these games follows a power law making games difficult to provision at launch time, (3) game workloads are predictable only over short-term intervals, (4) there are significant challenges in hosting games on shared infrastructure due to temporal and geographic synchronization across different games and other interactive applications, and (5) game software updates are a significent burden on game hosting that must be planned for. Our results have implications for both game publishers as well as infrastructure providers.
RADIATIONLESS RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER FROM UO22+ TO Nd3+ IN COACTIVATED BARIUM CROWN GLASS (1964)

First Page
Selection of CD8+ T Cells with Highly Focused Specificity During Viral Persistence in the Central Nervous System (1999)

The relationships between T cell populations during primary viral infection and persistence are poorly understood. Mice infected with the neurotropic JHMV strain of mouse hepatitis virus mount potent regional CTL responses that effectively reduce infectious virus; nevertheless, viral RNA persists in the central nervous system (CNS). To evaluate whether persistence influences Ag-specific CD8+ T cells, functional TCR diversity was studied in spleen and CNS-derived CTL populations based on differential recognition of variant peptides for the dominant nucleocapsid epitope. Increased specificity of peripheral CTL from persistently infected mice for the index epitope compared with immunized mice suggested T cell selection during persistence. This was confirmed with CD8+ T cell clones derived from the CNS of either acutely (CTLac) or persistently (CTLper) infected mice. Whereas CTLac clones recognized a broad diversity of amino acid substitutions, CTLper clones exhibited exquisite specificity for the wild-type sequence. Highly focused specificity was CD8 independent but correlated with longer complementarity-determining regions 3 characteristic of CTLper clonotypes despite limited TCR alpha/beta-chain heterogeneity. Direct ex vivo analysis of CNS-derived mononuclear cells by IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay confirmed the selection of T cells with narrow Ag specificity during persistence at the population level. These data suggest that broadly reactive CTL during primary infection are capable of controlling potentially emerging mutations. By contrast, the predominance of CD8+ T cells with dramatically focused specificity during persistence at the site of infection and in the periphery supports selective pressure driven by persisting Ag.
Large Magnetostriction in Fe-Ga Rapid-Solidified Alloy (2002)

Rapid-solidification method was applied to make the Fe-15 at%Ga ribbon whose thickness was about 100 μm with improvement of ductility. The Fe-15 at%Ga ribbon sample showed a very large magnetostriction of εmax=−400×10−6 in comparison with εmax=−40×10−6 for the conventionally melt-worked bulk material at applied magnetic field, 955 kA/m. In the bulk material with random crystal orientation, the dependence of magnetostriction on magnetization direction (θ) to the surface of ribbon was scarcely recognized. On the contrary, in rapid-solidified ribbon, that dependence was extraordinarily enhanced and large magnetostriction was obtained in the thickness direction of ribbon (θ\fallingdotseq90°) where coercive force showed the maximum value. Based on these experimental results, it is considered that the large magnetostriction is strongly correlated with special metallic microstructures in the rapid-solidified Fe-15 at%Ga ribbon with very strong magnetic anisotropy. Fe-Ga rapid-solidified ribbon has the promising possibility as a new magnetostrictive material as it has large magnetostriction, ductility and very small magnetostriction hysteresis.
The spatial filtering effect of capacitance transducer electrodes (flow measurement) (1983)

Capacitance sensors are finding increased application in the measurement of two-component flow. An important parameter in these measurements is the frequency bandwidth of the ring and parallel plate types of sensing electrodes. In this paper the theoretical response of these electrodes to permittivity impulse signals is derived and compared with experimental data. A machine is used to drive a plastic bead through both types of electrode to obtain the impulse response for comparison with theoretical predictions. Experimental results are presented for beads travelling along the central axis of the sensor and near to its wall. For electrodes with an active length greater than 40 mm theory and experiment agree, for shorter lengths an electrode length coefficient is introduced. This gives the minimum effective length of this type of electrode as 30 mm, which is attributed to field fringing effects.
Internal Surface Modification of MFI-Type Zeolite Membranes for High Selectivity and High Flux for Hydrogen (2009)

MFI-type zeolite membranes were modified by depositing molecular silica at a small number of active sites in the internal surface by in situ catalytic cracking of silane precursor. The limited silica deposition reduced the effective size of the zeolitic channels that dramatically enhanced the H(2) selectivity without causing a large increase in H(2) transport resistance. The modified zeolite membrane achieved an extraordinary H(2)/CO(2) permselectivity of 141 with a high H(2) permeance of 3.96 x 10(-7) mol/m(2) x s x Pa at 723 K. The effect of pore modification on the gas transport behavior was studied on the basis of single gas permeation data.
<i>Mse</i>I, a unique restriction endonuclease from<i>Micrococcus</i>species which recognizes 5′ T↓TAA 3′ (1988)

Journal Article Mse I, a unique restriction endonuclease from Micrococcus species which recognizes 5′ T↓TAA 3′ Get access Richard D. Morgan Richard D. Morgan New England Biolabs Inc.32 Tozer Road, Beverly, MA 01915, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 7, 11 April 1988, Page 3104, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.7.3104 Published: 11 April 1988 Article history Received: 23 February 1988 Published: 11 April 1988
The natural history of periodontal bone loss in germfree and gnotobiotic rats infected with Periodontopathic microorganisms (1978)

A new technique for evaluating the vertical component of bone loss in rats is described in which silicone base impression material is utilized. The extent and pattern of bone loss in germfree rats is compared to the bone loss in gnotobiotic animals infected with either Streptococcus mautans strain 6715 or with Actinomyces naeslundii strain I or with Actinomyces viscosus strain T 14. In general, after approximately 60 days of infection the gnotobiotic animals demonstrated patterns of bone loss similar to germfree animals although the extent of loss was more marked. The major increases in bone loss (both horizontal and vertical) were observed in the period between 60 and 90 days of infection. The major destruction offurs on the lingual aspects of maxillary molars. Vertical bone loss was greater in A. naeslundii infected animals than in S. mutans infected animals.
Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of Vertical Growth of van der Waals Stacked 2D Materials: A Multiscale Model and Experiments (2017)

Vertical stacking of monolayers via van der Waals (vdW) interaction opens promising routes toward engineering physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials and designing atomically thin devices. However, due to the lack of mechanistic understanding, challenges remain in the controlled fabrication of these structures via scalable methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) onto substrates. In this paper, we develop a general multiscale model to describe the size evolution of 2D layers and predict the necessary growth conditions for vertical (initial + subsequent layers) versus in-plane lateral (monolayer) growth. An analytic thermodynamic criterion is established for subsequent layer growth that depends on the sizes of both layers, the vdW interaction energies, and the edge energy of 2D layers. Considering the time-dependent growth process, we find that temperature and adatom flux from vapor are the primary criteria affecting the self-assembled growth. The proposed model clearly demonstrates the distinct roles of thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms governing the final structure. Our model agrees with experimental observations of various monolayer and bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides grown by CVD and provides a predictive framework to guide the fabrication of vertically stacked 2D materials.
Insight into biases and sequencing errors for amplicon sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform (2015)

With read lengths of currently up to 2 × 300 bp, high throughput and low sequencing costs Illumina's MiSeq is becoming one of the most utilized sequencing platforms worldwide. The platform is manageable and affordable even for smaller labs. This enables quick turnaround on a broad range of applications such as targeted gene sequencing, metagenomics, small genome sequencing and clinical molecular diagnostics. However, Illumina error profiles are still poorly understood and programs are therefore not designed for the idiosyncrasies of Illumina data. A better knowledge of the error patterns is essential for sequence analysis and vital if we are to draw valid conclusions. Studying true genetic variation in a population sample is fundamental for understanding diseases, evolution and origin. We conducted a large study on the error patterns for the MiSeq based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data. We tested state-of-the-art library preparation methods for amplicon sequencing and showed that the library preparation method and the choice of primers are the most significant sources of bias and cause distinct error patterns. Furthermore we tested the efficiency of various error correction strategies and identified quality trimming (Sickle) combined with error correction (BayesHammer) followed by read overlapping (PANDAseq) as the most successful approach, reducing substitution error rates on average by 93%.
Essential Role of Nuclear Factor κB in the Induction of Eosinophilia in Allergic Airway Inflammation (1998)

The molecular mechanisms that contribute to an eosinophil-rich airway inflammation in asthma are unclear. A predominantly T helper 2 (Th2)-type cell response has been documented in allergic asthma. Here we show that mice deficient in the p50 subunit of nuclear factor (NF)- kappaB are incapable of mounting eosinophilic airway inflammation compared with wild-type mice. This deficiency was not due to a block in T cell priming or proliferation in the p50(-/-) mice, nor was it due to a defect in the expression of the cell adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 that are required for the extravasation of eosinophils into the airways. The major defects in the p50(-/-) mice were the lack of production of the Th2 cytokine interleukin 5 and the chemokine eotaxin, which are crucial for proliferation and for differentiation and recruitment, respectively, of eosinophils into the asthmatic airway. Additionally, the p50(-/-) mice were deficient in the production of the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta that have been implicated in T cell recruitment to sites of inflammation. These results demonstrate a crucial role for NF-kappaB in vivo in the expression of important molecules that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Takeover Bidding with Toeholds: The Case of the Owner's Curse (1998)

This article demonstrates that a potential acquirer with a toehold bids aggressively and possibly overpays in equilibrium. The aggressiveness of a bidder with a toehold increases further if he is able to renege on his winning bid. A bidder without a toehold, however, responds by shading his bids. The target firm can increase competition and the expected sale price if it only entertains nonretractable bids. This article provides testable implications on the probability of bidder success, stock price reactions on bid revisions and on resolution of the contest, and expected gains to bidders and the target firm.