gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous control of chirality and growth position of single-walled carbon nanotube (2013)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are grown on electrode deposited SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si substrate with 800 nm free electron laser (FEL) irradiation. The surface of the electrodes and the region between electrodes are treated to be hydrophilic. The SWNTs with 1.69 nm in diameter is enhanced to grow without the FEL and the diameter is distributed to be 25 kinds of chirality with the mixture of semiconducting and metallic properties. However only semiconducting SWNTs with 1.12 nm in diameter grow at the hydrophilic region between electrodes with only five kinds of chirality; (14,0), (13,2), (10,6), and (5,7) by the effect of the surface treatment and the FEL irradiation.
On the computation of electric field and temperature distribution in HVDC cable insulation (2006)

The paper presents certain aspects of electrical/thermal failure of DC power cables. Closed form theoretical formulations for computing the critical stress and temperature due to an external heat source in the form of a steady current through the conductor is presented. The criticality here implies an unstable state of the dielectric and is shown, more often than not, to be different, from that corresponding to thermal decomposition limits. Formulation and solution of continuity equations under first and second kind boundary conditions taking account of electric stress and temperature-dependent DC conductivity is covered. Using the suggested model, stress and temperature distribution in the body of the insulation can be obtained to a reasonable degree of accuracy
Characterization and Reliability of Gate-All-Around Poly-Si TFTs with Multinanowire Channels (2010)

The electrical characteristics and reliability of n-type gate-all-around (GAA) polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with multi-nanowire channels are investigated. The multi-nanowire channels are fabricated by the spacer formation technique without any advanced lithography technology. And the GAA structure is constructed after the suspended nanowire is conformally deposited by the gate insulator and in-situ doped poly-Si gate in sequence. Due to the completely surrounding gate, the original electrical characteristics of GAA poly-Si TFTs are superior to that of traditional planar poly-Si TFTs, resulting from the improvement of gate controllability in the short dimensional TFTs. Lower threshold voltage, higher driving current and the suppression of drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and kink effects are exhibited for the GAA poly-Si TFTs with multi-nanowire channels. However, owing to the enlargement of electric field of a spacer with three sharp corners, the GAA poly-Si TFTs suffer from severer hot carrier effect than planar TFTs. No matter what dc or ac hot carrier stress, the degradation of device's electrical parameters of GAA poly-Si TFTs is larger than that of conventional planar poly-Si TFTs.
Pore surface engineering of microporous coordination polymers (2005)

Pore surface control of microporous coordination polymers is of great interest due to the potentially exciting functionalities it presents, such as highly selective separation, chemisorption, and novel catalysts and sensors. A discussion of our unique strategy aimed at surface engineering using metalloligands, i.e., introduction of coordinatively unsaturated metal centers, is presented.
Cathode Neutralizers for Ion Sources (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Ion Beam and its Practical Neutralization Hot Filament Electron Source and Thermoelectron Emission Hollow Cathodes Conclusions about Cathode Neutralizers Web Addresses References
In Situ Seasonal Study of the Volatile Production of Almonds (Prunus dulcis) Var. ‘Nonpareil’ and Relationship to Navel Orangeworm (2009)

Nonpareil almonds, Prunus dulcis , account for the largest percentage of almond varieties grown in the Central Valley of California. Several studies have investigated the various nonvolatile and volatile components of various plant parts; however, the volatile organic compound (VOC) emission of almonds from a single cultivar has not been studied over the course of a growing season. This aspect is particularly relevant to research concerning the navel orangeworm (NOW), a major insect pest of almonds and other tree nuts. Despite the continued presence of NOW, the identification of particular VOCs and their relationship to NOW have not been addressed. The VOC emission of Nonpareil almonds was collected in situ over the course of a growing season by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The VOCs (Z)-hex-3-enyl acetate, (Z)-hex-3-enyl butyrate, undecan-2-ol, beta-bourbonene, and tetradecane were present for the majority of the days investigated. Several VOCs exhibited positive electroantennographic signals from male and/or female NOW moths.
Bard: A unified framework for managing soft timing and power constraints (2016)

Embedded systems are subject to timing and power constraints. To support both, software currently must integrate multiple tools, resulting in additional complexity. We address this problem with a unified, portable framework called Bard which uses control theory to meet the primary constraint and linear programming to optimize the other. We evaluate Bard on two embedded platforms that exhibit different performance and power/energy characteristics and show that it achieves less than 2% error in meeting power constraints while maintaining nearly 95% of optimal performance. Additionally, Bard supports changing the primary constraint type at runtime while still achieving similar results.
Dose-dependent Pharmacokinetics of Laevodopa and its Metabolites in the Rat (1976)

1. Plasma levels of total radioactivity, unchanged laevodopa, dopamine, 3-O-methyldopa and non-amino phenolic acids were measured in rats treated orally with [3H]laevodopa at total laevodopa doses of 1, 10, 20 and 100mg/kg while the radioactive dose was maintained at 100muCi/kg for all animal groups. 2. Within the dosage range studied, non-linear pharmacokinetics were observed for unchanged laevodopa, non-amino phenolic acids and dopamine but not for 3-O-methyldopa. 3. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve for laevodopa increased exponentially with linear increments in the oral dose. This non-linear increase in laevodopa bioavailability is consistent with the hypothesis that high oral doses of laevodopa are required to saturate gastro-intestinal metabolism of the drug. 4. At the lower doses (1 and 20 mg/kg), only 2-3% of total radioactivity could be attributed to dopamine. At 100mg/kg, the dopamine metabolite fraction amounted to about 1/3 of total radioactivity in the plasma.
A Dystroglycan Mutation Associated with Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (2011)

Dystroglycan, which serves as a major extracellular matrix receptor in muscle and the central nervous system, requires extensive O-glycosylation to function. We identified a dystroglycan missense mutation (Thr192→Met) in a woman with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and cognitive impairment. A mouse model harboring this mutation recapitulates the immunohistochemical and neuromuscular abnormalities observed in the patient. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that the mutation impairs the receptor function of dystroglycan in skeletal muscle and brain by inhibiting the post-translational modification, mediated by the glycosyltransferase LARGE, of the phosphorylated O-mannosyl glycans on α-dystroglycan that is required for high-affinity binding to laminin.
On line estimation of speed and parameters in induction motor drives (2002)

An algorithm which performs the simultaneous online estimation of motor speed and two motor parameters in induction motor drives is presented in the paper. Therefore, speed sensorless control is made feasible. The proposed algorithm is based on a full order flux observer and on the analytical relation which links the error on the stator current to the differences between the actual and the estimated values of speed and motor parameters.
Hyperammonemia in Neonates Receiving Intravenous Nutrition (1982)

Inadequate arginine intake has been suggested as an etiology for hyperammonemia in neonates on parenteral nutrition. We randomized 26 nonasphyxiated neonates to receive amino acid solutions containing either 3.6 or 10.4% of total nitrogen as arginine when intravenous nutrition (IVN) therapy was initiated. Neonates in both amino acid solution study groups were observed to have significantly elevated blood ammonia (BA) concentrations during IVN (p less than 0.01) as compared to pre-IVN levels. Blood ammonia concentrations tended to be higher in infants receiving the 3.6% arginine amino acid solution. Septic infants were at particular risk for hyperammonemia as compared to nonseptic patients (p less than 0.025). Other clinical parameters including birth weight, gestational age, oxygen requirements, enteral nutritional intake, congenital anomalies, and heart disease did not appear to be related to BA concentration.
Dynamic multiple parity (DMP) disk array for serial transaction processing (2001)

The performance of today's database systems is usually limited by the speed of their I/O devices. Fast I/O systems can be built from an array of low cost disks working in parallel. This kind of disk architecture is called RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks). RAID promises improvement over SLED (Single Large Expensive Disks) in performance, reliability, power consumption, and scalability. However, a general fact about RAID is that the "write" operation is difficult to speedup. In this paper, we propose a new RAID architecture, called Dynamic Multiple Parity (DMP) Disk Array, for serial transaction processing database systems. Serial transaction processing database systems include engineering database systems, fully replicated database systems using a completely centralized algorithm and distributed systems using the conservative timestamp ordering algorithm. DMP Disk Array can significantly increase the I/O throughput by incorporating multiple parity disks. Due to the inherent distributed sparing property, DMP Disk Array can provide normal service to the users under single disk failure condition. Delay and maximum throughput analysis on DMP Disk Array is performed. Results show that, for a typical "write" job proportion of 20 percent, DMP Disk Array can provide nearly 20 percent improvement on I/O throughput over that of RAID level 5 when one extra parity disk is used.
Embedding Graphs in Books: A Layout Problem with Applications to VLSI Design (1987)

We study the graph-theoretic problem of embedding a graph in a book with its vertices in a line along the spine of the book and its edges on the pages in such a way that edges residing on the same page do not cross. This problem abstracts layout problems arising in the routing of multilayer printed circuit boards and in the design of fault-tolerant processor arrays. In devising an embedding, one strives to minimize both the number of pages used and the “cutwidth” of the edges on each page. Our main results (1) present optimal embeddings of a variety of families of graphs; (2) exhibit situations where one can achieve small pagenumber only at the expense of large cutwidth; and (3) establish bounds on the minimum pagenumber of a graph based on various structural properties of the graph. Notable in the last category are proofs that (a) every n-vertex d-valent graph can be embedded using $O( dn^{1/ 2} )$ pages, and (b) for every $d > 2$ and all large n, there are n-vertex d-valent graphs whose pagenumber is at least \[ \Omega \left( \frac{n^{1/ 2 - 1/d}}{\log^2 n} \right). \]
Resource Selection for Autonomic Database Tuning (2005)

Database administrators should be aware of resource usages to maintain database system performance. As database applications become more complex and diverse, managing database systems becomes too costly and prone to error. Autonomic database tuning becomes more important than ever. This paper starts with an analysis on how resource usages respond by changing resource sizes in database systems. Then, we present a simple method that automatically selects resources that affect the system performance. An experiment using the TPC-C and TPC-W workloads has been carried out with a commercial database system. A preliminary analysis shows that our method works.
New concepts in sepsis (2002)

An estimated 750,000 cases of severe sepsis occur annually in the United States, and the mortality rate is about 30%. As a condition that disproportionately affects the elderly and is related to invasive and immunosuppressive healthcare, increases in the frequency of sepsis are anticipated. The complex pathophysiology of sepsis encompasses the interplay of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, activated circulating and resident inflammatory cells, disrupted coagulation, endothelial activation and injury, vasodilatation and vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoactive mediators, cardiac dysfunction, and cellular dysoxia. Current management of severe sepsis includes eradication of infection through source control and antimicrobial therapy, aggressive and targeted shock resuscitation that includes fluid administration, correction of anemia, vasopressor support, modest inotropic therapy, infusion of human recombinant activated protein C to selected patients, and compulsive supportive care to manage organ dysfunction and to avoid complications.
Generation of genome-scale gene-associated SNPs in catfish for the construction of a high-density SNP array (2011)

For aquaculture species, transcriptome analysis of pooled RNA samples from multiple individuals using Illumina sequencing technology is both technically efficient and cost-effective for generating expressed sequences. Such an approach is most effective when coupled to existing EST resources generated using traditional sequencing approaches because the reference ESTs facilitate effective assembly of the expressed short reads. When multiple individuals with different genetic backgrounds are used, RNA-Seq is very effective for the identification of SNPs. The SNPs identified in this report will provide a much needed resource for genetic studies in catfish and will contribute to the development of a high-density SNP array. Validation and testing of these SNPs using SNP arrays will form the material basis for genome association studies and whole genome-based selection in catfish.
Novel Accurate Bacterial Discrimination by MALDI-Time-of-Flight MS Based on Ribosomal Proteins Coding in <b><i>S10-spc-alpha</i></b> Operon at Strain Level <b><i>S10</i></b>-GERMS (2013)

Matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is one of the most widely used mass-based approaches for bacterial identification and classification because of the simple sample preparation and extremely rapid analysis within a few minutes. To establish the accurate MALDI-TOF MS bacterial discrimination method at strain level, the ribosomal subunit proteins coded in the S10-spc-alpha operon, which encodes half of the ribosomal subunit protein and is highly conserved in eubacterial genomes, were selected as reliable biomarkers. This method, named the S10-GERMS method, revealed that the strains of genus Pseudomonas were successfully identified and discriminated at species and strain levels, respectively; therefore, the S10-GERMS method was further applied to discriminate the pathovar of P. syringae. The eight selected biomarkers (L24, L30, S10, S12, S14, S16, S17, and S19) suggested the rapid discrimination of P. syringae at the strain (pathovar) level. The S10-GERMS method appears to be a powerful tool for rapid and reliable bacterial discrimination and successful phylogenetic characterization. In this article, an overview of the utilization of results from the S10-GERMS method is presented, highlighting the characterization of the Lactobacillus casei group and discrimination of the bacteria of genera Bacillus and Sphingopyxis despite only two and one base difference in the 16S rRNA gene sequence, respectively.
The Genetics of Human Longevity (2006)

Aging is due to a complex interaction of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, but a strong genetic component appears to have an impact on survival to extreme ages. In order to identify "longevity genes" in humans, different strategies are now available. In our laboratory, we performed association studies on a variety of "candidate" polymorphisms in Italian centenarians. Many genes/polymorphisms gave negative results, while others showed a positive association with human longevity and a sometimes-positive association with unsuccessful aging (myocardial infarction, Alzheimer's disease, and type 2 diabetes). Results regarding genes involved in inflammation (IL-1 cluster, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, TLR-4, PPARgamma), insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and lipid metabolism (apolipoproteins, CETP, PON1), and oxidative stress (p53, p66(shc)) will be described. In addition, a strong role of the interaction between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA haplogroups and the C150T mutation) emerged from our findings. Thus, the genetics of human longevity appears to be quite peculiar in a context where antagonistic pleiotropy can play a major role and genes can have a different biological role at different ages.
Polarization Property of Leaky Coaxial Cable With Overlapped Triangle Slots (2010)

The polarization properties of the leaky coaxial cable (LCX) slotted by a pair of overlapped triangles are analyzed by a hybrid method involving software HFSS and far-field integration approach. The effect of the slot structural parameters and the operating frequency on the polarization property is studied by analyzing the magnitude and the phase differences of the two orthogonal components of the radiation field. The results show that it is possible to design a LCX that can radiate a circularly polarized wave by properly choosing the structural parameters of the slot. The experimental results also show that the LCX with circular polarization property can be realized. Using this kind of LCX, the detrimental fading caused by orientation effects in mobile communications can be effectively mitigated.
Noonan Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Review of Clinical Features and Mutations in Genes of the RAS/MAPK Pathway (2009)

Noonan syndrome (NS) is one of the most common syndromes transmitted by a mendelian mode. In recent years, germline mutations that affect components of the RAS-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of NS and four rare syndromes with clinical features overlapping with NS: Leopard syndrome, cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, Costello syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1. Several hormones act through receptors that stimulate the RAS-MAPK pathway, and therefore, NS and related disorders represent a remarkable opportunity to study the implication of the RAS-MAPK pathway in different endocrine systems. Additionally, children with NS frequently are referred to the endocrinologist because of short stature, delayed puberty and/or undescended testes in males. In this paper, we review the diagnostic, clinical and molecular aspects of NS and NS-related disorders.
Control of translation efficiency in yeast by codon–anticodon interactions (2010)

The choice of synonymous codons used to encode a polypeptide contributes to substantial differences in translation efficiency between genes. However, both the magnitude and the mechanisms of codon-mediated effects are unknown, as neither the effects of individual codons nor the parameters that modulate codon-mediated regulation are understood, particularly in eukaryotes. To explore this problem in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we performed the first systematic analysis of codon effects on expression. We find that the arginine codon CGA is strongly inhibitory, resulting in progressively and sharply reduced expression with increased CGA codon dosage. CGA-mediated inhibition of expression is primarily due to wobble decoding of CGA, since it is nearly completely suppressed by coexpression of an exact match anticodon-mutated tRNA(Arg(UCG)), and is associated with generation of a smaller RNA fragment, likely due to endonucleolytic cleavage at a stalled ribosome. Moreover, CGA codon pairs are more effective inhibitors of expression than individual CGA codons. These results directly implicate decoding by the ribosome and interactions at neighboring sites within the ribosome as mediators of codon-specific translation efficiency.
Stability of thioester intermediates in ubiquitin‐like modifications (2009)

Ubiquitin-like modifications are important mechanisms in cellular regulation, and are carried out through several steps with reaction intermediates being thioester conjugates of ubiquitin-like proteins with E1, E2, and sometimes E3. Despite their importance, a thorough characterization of the intrinsic stability of these thioester intermediates has been lacking. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic stability by using a model compound and the Ubc9 approximately SUMO-1 thioester conjugate. The Ubc9 approximately SUMO-1 thioester intermediate has a half life of approximately 3.6 h (hydrolysis rate k = 5.33 +/- 2.8 x10(-5) s(-1)), and the stability decreased slightly under denaturing conditions (k = 12.5 +/- 1.8 x 10(-5) s(-1)), indicating a moderate effect of the three-dimensional structural context on the stability of these intermediates. Binding to active and inactive E3, (RanBP2) also has only a moderate effect on the hydrolysis rate (13.8 +/- 0.8 x 10(-5) s(-1) for active E3 versus 7.38 +/- 0.7 x 10(-5) s(-1) for inactive E3). The intrinsically high stability of these intermediates suggests that unwanted thioester intermediates may be eliminated enzymatically, such as by thioesterases, to regulate their intracellular abundance and trafficking in the control of ubiquitin-like modifications.
The design and control of a robot finger for tactile sensing (1988)

Abstract This article describes the design and control of a lightweight robot finger intended for tactile sensing research. The finger is a three‐link planar chain with the joints actuated through cables by two motors. Kinematic coupling of the three joints provides two degrees of freedom for finger tip manipulation, and a curling action of the finger for enclosing an object. Hall effect sensors in each joint provide position feedback, and strain gage sensors on each cable provide tension information. To minimize weight and power consumption, a high speed low torque motor together with a 172:1 speed reducer is used as the actuator. A force control loop around the motor speed reducer system reduces the effect of the friction inherent in the speed reducer. Flat mounting plates are provided on each link for special purpose grasping surfaces and sensors.
Challenge to Conglomerates: Private Treble Damages Suits (1970)

This was not an actual judicial recovery.In the case, a plaintiff, seeking damages in the amount of $30 million, only won a procedural battle.Following this victory the parties settled for $2 million.