gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concept of Operations for Interval Management Arrivals and Approach (2016)

This paper presents the concept of operations for interval management operations to be deployed in the US National Airspace System (NAS) by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Interval Management Program. The arrivals and approach operations are explored in detail including the primary operation and variations. The use of interval management operations is described that begin in en route airspace and continue to a termination point inside the arrival terminal area in the highly automated terminal environment that includes other arrival management tools such as arrival metering, Ground-based Interval Management - Spacing (GIM-S), and Terminal Sequencing and Spacing (TSAS). The roles of Air Traffic and Pilots and the ground automation tools that are used by Air Traffic Controllers to enable the operations are explored.
Highest performance of Nd-Fe-B magnet over 55 MGOe (2000)

In order to develop high energy Nd-Fe-B magnets, extensive studies of processing technologies have been done. With a new casting technology for Nd-Fe-B alloys, improvement of the preparation of fine powders having a sharp distribution of particle size, and adoption of a special CIP process, we have succeeded in obtaining the high performance 444 kJ/m/sup 3/ (55.8 MGOe) magnet. Based on these advanced technologies, we have started mass-production of the high performance 400 kT/m/sup 3/ Nd-Fe-B magnets.
Chronic hypernatremia, hypovolemia and partial hypopituitarism in sarcoidosis: a case report. (1980)

A syndrome of chronic hypernatremia (range 148 to 161 mmoles/l) and partial hypopituitarism (growth hormone and gonadotropin deficiencies) is reported in a 27 year-old man with sarcoid hypothalamic involvement. The patient did not complain of thirst and spontaneous fluid intake was not sufficient to restore the serum sodium to normal. However, when larger amounts of water were given (50 ml/kg for 180 min), the plasma osmolality returned to normal values in 3 hours. Blood volume values were found subnormal on two occasions on free diet (63 and 74% of the theorical normal values) and plasma renin activity was elevated (22 ng/ml/hour). Plasma vasopressin (AVP) concentrations (range < 1 to 1.9 pg/ml) were inappropriately low for the degree of plasma osmolality and remained markedly subnormal when hypertonic saline was infused (NaCl 5%, 10 ml/min for 60 min). However, the secretory stores and hemodynamic control of AVP release were intact since a rise in plasma AVP to 10.8 pg/ml was observed after induction of arterial hypotension with sodium nitroprusside infusion. These results provide further direct evidence fo the dysfunction of the thirst mechanism and the osmotic contol of AVP release. They support the concept that osmoreceptor areas are anatomically distinct from the neurohypophyseal AVP secretory system and that neural inputs from baroreceptor and osmoreceptor cells are completely separated.
Nucleophilic fluorination of β-ketoester derivatives with HBF4 (2012)

Treating readily available α-diazo-β-ketoesters with HBF(4) results in nucleophilic fluorination by the usually inert and stable tetrafluoroborate anion. The resulting α-fluoro-β-ketoesters are highly versatile synthetic intermediates, for example in the preparation of fluoro-heterocycles, as illustrated by the direct formation of fluoro-pyrimidines, -pyrazoles and -coumarins in a single step.
Direct evidence of phospholipids in gecko footprints and spatula–substrate contact interface detected using surface-sensitive spectroscopy (2011)

Observers ranging from Aristotle to young children have long marvelled at the ability of geckos to cling to walls and ceilings. Detailed studies have revealed that geckos are 'sticky' without the use of glue or suction devices. Instead, a gecko's stickiness derives from van der Waals interactions between proteinaceous hairs called setae and substrate. Here, we present surprising evidence that although geckos do not use glue, a residue is transferred on surfaces as they walk-geckos leave footprints. Using matrix-free nano-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry, we identified the residue as phospholipids with phosphocholine head groups. Moreover, interface-sensitive sum-frequency generation spectroscopy revealed predominantly hydrophobic methyl and methylene groups and the complete absence of water at the contact interface between a gecko toe pad and the substrate. The presence of lipids has never been considered in current models of gecko adhesion. Our analysis of gecko footprints and the toe pad-substrate interface has significant consequences for models of gecko adhesion and by extension, the design of synthetic mimics.
Universal Arduino-based experimenting system to support teaching of natural sciences (2018)

Extended abstract, GIREP-MPTL 2018 - Research and Innovation in Physics education:two sides of the same coin. 9th-13th July 2018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain<br>https://www.girep2018.com/
Kinect-Based Analysis of Posture, Gait and Coordination in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (P04.097) (2013)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate feasibility of computerized versions of classic neurological tests by a novel non-invasive, real-time movement analysis using Microsoft Kinect® and to compare findings in MS patients with those in age and gender matched healthy controls (HC). To identify and analyse disease-specific movement patterns in MS patients.
Dendritic cells generated in the presence of GM‐CSF plus IL‐15 prime potent CD8<sup>+</sup> Tc1 responses <i>in vivo</i> (2003)

Dendritic cells (DC) comprise a system of professional antigen-presenting cells, which induce the stimulation of very rare antigen-specific naive T cells. DC progenitors can be stimulated to differentiate into immature DC by various growth factors, including GM-CSF and IL-4. Here we show that IL-15, in combination with GM-CSF, is a growth factor for murine DC. Murine bone marrow cells, depleted of T cells, B cells, I-A+ cells and Gr-1+ granulocytes, and cultured in the presence of GM-CSF plus IL-15 (IL-15 DC), yielded DC expressing high levels of CD11c and MHC class II molecules, as well as CD11b. These cells expressed significant levels of CD40, CD80 and CD86, and could stimulate allogeneic CD4+ T cells efficiently. Interestingly, IL-15 DC were far superior to DC generated with GM-CSF plus IL-4 in stimulating allogeneic CD8+ T cells in vitro. Consistent with this, IL-15 DC induced much more potent antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses with high levels of Th1 cytokines in vivo, compared to DC generated with GM-CSF plus IL-4, or with GM-CSF plus TGF-beta, or with GM-CSF alone. Together, these data suggest that IL-15 promotes the development of DC, which induce potent Th1 and Tc1 responses in vivo. This suggests potential roles for these IL-15 DC cells in the immunotherapy of tumors and infectious diseases.
Hafnium Chloride Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Pyrrole, Pyrazole and Imidazole to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones (2007)

Pyrrole, pyrazole and imidazole undergo conjugate addition with α,β-unsaturated ketones in the presence of a catalytic amount of hafnium chloride at room temperature.Although the reaction of pyrrole gave 2,5-substituted C-adduct mainly, those of pyrazole and imidazole gave the corresponding N-adducts in excellent yields.MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 11. 8, 27.8, 36.5, 50.2, 66.1, 105.4,128.4,139.8, 215.6; IR (neat) 1746m -1 ; MS (EI) m/z 164 (M + ); HRMS (EI) m/z Calcd for C 9 H 12 N 2 O: 164.0950 (M + ), Found: 164.0946.Rf = 0.29 (EtOAc);1 H NMR (300 MHz,CDCl 3 ) δ 1.67-1.79(1H, m), 1.98-2.13(2H, m), 2.27-2.47(3H, m), 2.68 (1H, dd, J =13.9, 11.0 Hz), 2.80 (1H, ddt, J =13.9, 4.8, 1.5 Hz), 4.30-4.39(1H, m), 7.04 (1H, s), 7.24 (1H, s), 7.51 (1H, s); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 21.9, 32.4,40.4, 4.7, 55.5, 116.7, 129.7, 135.2, 206.7. 3-(Imidazol 3-(Imidazol-1-yl)cyclopentanone (9f).Colorless oil; Rf = 0.27 (50% EtOAc in hexane); 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.22-2.62(5H, m), 2.83 (1H, dd, J =18.4, 8.1 Hz), 4.78 (1H, quint, J =8.1 Hz), 7.08 (1H, s), 7.24 (1H, s), 7.55 (1H, s); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.6, 37.0, 45.2, 54.2, 116.8, 130.1, 135.6, 212.9;IR (neat) 1746 cm -1 ; MS (EI) m/z 150 (M + ); HRMS (EI) m/z Calcd for C 8 H 10 N 2 O: 150.0793 (M + ), Found: 150.0798. 3-(Imidazol-1-yl)cycloheptanone (9h).Colorless oil; Rf = 0.25 (EtOAc); 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 1. 49-1.57(1H, m), 1.67-1.79(1H, m), 1.93-2.05(3H, m), 2.23-2.27(1H, m), 2.49 (1H, ddd, J =15.8, 11.4, 4.4 Hz), 2.57-2.64(1H, m), 2.81 (1H, dt, J =13.9, 2.6 Hz), 3.12 (1H, dd, J =13.9, 11.4 Hz), 4.28 (1H, tt, J =11.4, 2.9 Hz), 6.91 (1H, s), 7.04 (1H, s), 7.51 (1H, s); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 23. 6, 26.6, 38.8, 43.9, 51.1, 54.8, 116.6, 129.8, 135.2, 209.2;IR (neat) 1702 cm -1 ; MS (EI) m/z 178 (M + ); HRMS (EI) m/z
Combination of Phosphorylated and Truncated EGFR Correlates With Higher Tumor and Nodal Stage in Head and Neck Cancer (2010)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a target in head and neck cancer. High EGFR expression and phosphorylated EGFR predicts poor survival in head and neck cancer patients, but does not correlate with advanced stage disease. The aim of this study is to determine if clinical biological correlates are more accurate when different aspects of EGFR are evaluated in combination. We analyzed the EGFR phosphorylation, expression, and mutations in 60 primary head and neck tumors. We not only found that head and neck tumors with either truncated or activated EGFR tend to have higher tumor and nodal stage but also discovered two novel EGFR truncations.
Coil Design for High Misalignment Tolerant Inductive Power Transfer System for EV Charging (2016)

The inductive power transfer (IPT) system for electric vehicle (EV) charging has acquired more research interest in its different facets. However, the misalignment tolerance between the charging coil (installed in the ground) and pick-up coil (mounted on the car chassis), has been a challenge and fundamental interest in the future market of EVs. This paper proposes a new coil design QDQ (Quad D Quadrature) that maintains the high coupling coefficient and efficient power transfer during reasonable misalignment. The QDQ design makes the use of four adjacent circular coils and one square coil, for both charging and pick-up side, to capture the maximum flux at any position. The coil design has been modeled in JMAG software for calculation of inductive parameters using the finite element method (FEM), and its hardware has been tested experimentally at various misaligned positions. The QDQ coils are shown to be capable of achieving good coupling coefficient and high efficiency of the system until the misalignment displacement reaches 50% of the employed coil size.
Human C-reactive protein inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro: possible implications for the adult respiratory distress syndrome. (1990)

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein whose serum concentration can rise dramatically after onset of inflammation. Although the precise physiologic role of elevated CRP is not known, in vitro studies have shown that CRP potentially has both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that an elevation in serum CRP may be a mechanism to control acute inflammation by down-regulating some neutrophil functions. Therefore, elevated serum CRP levels in an inflammatory state in the lung, such as the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), may have a protective effect. We observed that highly purified CRP, at levels greater than 25 micrograms/ml, inhibited both random neutrophil movement and C5a-induced chemotaxis. Neutrophils incubated with CRP showed a dose-dependent diminution of migration toward chemotactic stimuli, with complete inhibition occurring at 100 micrograms/ml. This inhibitory effect of CRP on neutrophil movement was only partially reversed by washing the CRP-treated cells before assaying their chemotactic movement to 1 nmol/L C5a. Next we examined the neutrophil chemotactic activity of serum collected from normal nonsmokers, from patients at high risk for developing ARDS, and patients with ARDS. Both high-risk and ARDS serums has significantly less (p less than 0.001) neutrophil chemotactic activity than serums from normal subjects. In addition, serums from high-risk and ARDS patients had significantly elevated (p less than 0.001) levels of CRP compared with normal subjects. Anti-CRP treatment of ARDS and high-risk serum samples resulted in a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in the neutrophil chemotactic activity. Finally, addition of highly purified CRP to normal serum significantly reduces its neutrophil chemotactic activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Alanine–glyoxylate aminotransferase-deficient mice, a model for primary hyperoxaluria that responds to adenoviral gene transfer (2006)

Mutations in the alanine-glyoxylate amino transferase gene (AGXT) are responsible for primary hyperoxaluria type I, a rare disease characterized by excessive hepatic oxalate production that leads to renal failure. We generated a null mutant mouse by targeted mutagenesis of the homologous gene, Agxt, in embryonic stem cells. Mutant mice developed normally, and they exhibited hyperoxaluria and crystalluria. Approximately half of the male mice in mixed genetic background developed calcium oxalate urinary stones. Severe nephrocalcinosis and renal failure developed after enhancement of oxalate production by ethylene glycol administration. Hepatic expression of human AGT1, the protein encoded by AGXT, by adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer in Agxt(-/-) mice normalized urinary oxalate excretion and prevented oxalate crystalluria. Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence studies revealed that, as in the human liver, the expressed wild-type human AGT1 was predominantly localized in mouse hepatocellular peroxisomes, whereas the most common mutant form of AGT1 (G170R) was localized predominantly in the mitochondria.
Backup to the Future: How Workload and Hardware Changes Continually Redefine Data Domain File Systems (2017)

Disk-based backup systems use data deduplication to replace redundant data chunks with references. These systems initially supported workloads from their tape-based predecessors, but changes to hardware and applications have forced them to adapt in interesting and challenging ways.
Inhibition of the proliferative response of human B lymphocytes to B cell growth factor by transforming growth factor‐beta (1988)

The effects of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on the proliferative response of human B cells to the low molecular weight B cell growth factor (BCGF) have been investigated in this study. It was found that TGF-beta, at picomolar concentrations, strongly inhibited the BCGF-induced proliferation of anti-mu chain or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I-activated human B cells and also of a BCGF-dependent cell line derived from a human lymphocytic nodular lymphoma. This inhibitory effect was detected in normal and serum-free culture conditions. The suppression was greatly reduced when TGF-beta was added to the culture one day after BCGF and could be reverted by removing TGF-beta from the culture medium. Since TGF-beta has been detected in supernatants from activated T cells, this factor may represent an important regulatory molecule in the feedback control of B cell activation.
FANDA: A Novel Approach to Perform Follow-up Query Analysis (2019)

Recent work on Natural Language Interfaces to Databases (NLIDB) has attracted considerable attention. NLIDB allow users to search databases using natural language instead of SQL-like query languages. While saving the users from having to learn query languages, multi-turn interaction with NLIDB usually involves multiple queries where contextual information is vital to understand the users' query intents. In this paper, we address a typical contextual understanding problem, termed as follow-up query analysis. In spite of its ubiquity, follow-up query analysis has not been well studied due to two primary obstacles: the multifarious nature of follow-up query scenarios and the lack of high-quality datasets. Our work summarizes typical follow-up query scenarios and provides a new FollowUp dataset with $1000$ query triples on 120 tables. Moreover, we propose a novel approach FANDA, which takes into account the structures of queries and employs a ranking model with weakly supervised max-margin learning. The experimental results on FollowUp demonstrate the superiority of FANDA over multiple baselines across multiple metrics.
Hypoxic cervical cancers with low apoptotic index are highly aggressive. (1999)

There is evidence from experimental work that hypoxia induces apoptosis in apoptosis-sensitive neoplastic cells and that this apoptotic sensitivity is lost during malignant progression. Oxygenation profiles and apoptotic indices in human squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix have been determined, and a subgroup of tumors has been identified with low apoptotic index despite pronounced hypoxia representing carcinomas that consist of neoplastic cells with diminished apoptotic potential. These hypoxic low-apoptotic tumors show a high probability for lymphatic spread and for recurrence despite adjuvant treatment with radiation or chemotherapy in addition to radical surgery. The clinical results presented strongly support the hypothesis derived from experimental studies that the selection of apoptosis-insensitive neoplastic cell phenotypes in a hypoxic microenvironment is an important mechanism for malignant progression in solid tumors.
Performance increase in CSMA/CA with RTS-CTS (2005)

The wireless medium is inherently a broadcast one: therefore multiple devices can access the same medium at the same time at overlapping frequencies. Multiple simultaneous transmissions in the same frequency area usually result in garbled data making communication impossible or inefficient. The MAC (medium access control) protocol's function is to moderate access to the shared medium by defining rules that allow these devices to communicate with each other in an orderly and efficient manner. There is no clearly defined order for devices in ad hoc networks, and this fact raises the matter of hidden and exposed devices. In this study we analyze how much performance increase is found using MAC protocol CSMA extension named CSMA/CA implemented with RTS-CTS.
Viscose cellulose sponge as an implantable matrix: Changes in the structure increase the production of granulation tissue (1996)

Since the 1950s a number of implantable substances have been used to study granulation tissue formation: steel mesh, polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane, and viscose cellulose sponges (VCS). The side effects of these materials on granulation tissue formation vary considerably. An ideal material does not interfere with the normal wound-healing process and collects as many cells as possible for further analysis. Viscose cellulose sponge has been shown to be one of the most inert materials for this purpose. In this study we examined the correlation between changes in the structure of the sponge and the number of cells harvested and the synthesis of granulation tissue after subcutaneous implantation in rats. It was discovered that it is possible to control the structure of the sponge and by certain changes in this structure increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge. There is, however, a distinct plateau after which changes in structure do not increase the number of invading cells and the production of granulation tissue in the sponge.
Automotive electronics II: The microprocessor is in: This tiny IC will satisfy the government's requirements for energy and pollution control as well as the consumer's preference for luxury (1977)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.14, no.11, p.34-5 (1977). The paper considers how best the pollution demands can be met using microprocessor and at the same time appeal to the consumer.
Creation of genetic information by DNA polymerase of the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus (1998)

Genetic information encoded in a template of a genome is replicated in a complementary way by DNA polymerase or RNA polymerase with high fidelity; no creation of information occurs in this reaction unless an error occurs. We report here that DNA polymerase of the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus can synthesize up to 200 kb linear double-stranded DNA in vitro in the complete absence of added primer and template DNAs, indicating that genetic information is actively created by protein. This ab initio DNA synthesis occurs at 74 degrees C and requires magnesium ion. There is a lag time of approximately 1 h and then the reaction proceeds linearly. The synthesized DNAs have a variety of sequences; they are mostly tandem repetitive sequences, e.g. (CATGTATA) n , (TGTATGTATACATACATA) n and (TATACGTA) n . Some degenerate sequences of these basic repeat units are also found. The similar repetitive sequences are found in many natural genes. These results, together with similar results found using DNA polymerase of archaeon Thermococcus litoralis , suggest that creative, non-replicative synthesis of DNA by protein was a driving force for diversification of genetic information at a certain stage of the evolution of life on the early earth.
Tradeoffs in supporting two page sizes (1992)

As computer system main memories get larger and processor cycles-per-instruction (CPIs) get smaller, the time spent in handling translation lookaside buffer (TLB) misses could become a performance bottleneck. We explore relieving this bottleneck by (a) increasing the page size and (b) supporting two page sizes. We discuss how to build a TLB to support two page sizes and examine both alternatives experimentally with a dozen uniprogrammed, user-mode traces for the SPARC architecture. Our results show that increasing the page size to 32KB causes both a significant increase in average working set size (e.g., 60%) and a significant reduction in the TLB's contribution to CPI, CPI TLB , (namely a factor of eight) compared to using 4KB pages. Results for using two page sizes, 4KB and 32KB pages, on the other hand, show a small increase in working set size (about 10%) and variable decrease in CPI TLB , (from negligible to as good as found with the 32KB page size). CPI TLB when using two page sizes is consistently better for fully associative TLBs than for set-associative ones. Our results are preliminary, however, since (a) our traces do not include multiprogramming or operating system behavior, and (b) our page-size assignment policy may not reflect a real operating system's policy.