gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ibrutinib for Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease After Failure of Prior Therapy: 1-Year Update of a Phase 1b/2 Study (2019)

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a life-threatening complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In a Phase 1b/2, open-label study (PCYC-1129; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02195869) involving 42 patients with active cGVHD who were steroid-dependent or -refractory, the activity and safety of ibrutinib, a once-daily inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, was demonstrated. Here we report extended follow-up for patients in this study. After a median follow-up of 26 months (range, .53 to 36.7 months), best overall response rate in the all treated population was 69% (29 of 42), with 13 patients (31%) achieving a complete response and 16 patients (38%) achieving a partial response. Sustained responses of ≥20, ≥32, and ≥44 weeks were seen in 20 (69%), 18 (62%), and 16 (55%) of the 29 responders, respectively. Of 26 patients with ≥2 involved organs, 19 (73%) showed responses in ≥2 organs. Six of 10 patients (60%) with ≥3 involved organs showed responses in ≥3 organs. Eleven of 18 patients (61%) who had sclerosis at baseline showed a sclerotic response (39% with complete response, 22% with partial response). Twenty-seven of 42 patients (64%) reached a corticosteroid dose of <.15 mg/kg/day during the study; 8 discontinued corticosteroid treatment and remained off corticosteroid at study closure. Safety findings for this updated analysis were consistent with the safety profile seen at the time of the original analysis. Common grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) were pneumonia (n = 6), fatigue (n = 5), and diarrhea (n = 4). The onset of new grade ≥3 AEs decreased from 71% in the first year of treatment to 25% in the second year (n = 12). AEs leading to discontinuation occurred in 18 patients (43%). At a median follow-up of >2 years, ibrutinib continued to produce durable responses in patients with cGVHD who had failed previous systemic therapy. In this pretreated, high-risk population, clinically meaningful benefit and an acceptable safety profile were observed with additional follow-up for ibrutinib. These results demonstrate a substantial advance in the therapeutic management of patients with cGVHD.
Analysis of Genetic Alterations Associated with DNA Diploidy, Aneuploidy and Multiploidy in Gastric Cancers (2005)

The present results indicate that in gastric carcinomas, diploid tumors are generally non-LOH and MSI, whereas aneuploid and multiploid tumors are associated with LOH and MSI, suggesting that the genetic profile of these carcinomas is dependent on the tumor's ploidy status.
A new coordinated control strategy for boiler-turbine system of coal-fired power plant (2005)

This paper presents the new development of the boiler-turbine coordinated control strategy using fuzzy reasoning and autotuning techniques. The boiler-turbine system is a very complex process that is a multivariable, nonlinear, slowly time-varying plant with large settling time and a lot of uncertainties. As there exist strong couplings between the main steam pressure control loop and the power output control loop in the boiler-turbine unit with large time-delay and uncertainties, automatic coordinated control of the two loops is a very challenging problem. This paper presents a new coordinated control strategy (CCS) which is organized into two levels: a basic control level and a high supervision level. Proportional-integral derivative (PID) type controllers are used in the basic level to perform basic control functions while the decoupling between two control loops can be realized in the high level. A special subclass of fuzzy inference systems, called the Gaussian partition with evenly (GPE) spaced midpoints systems, is used to self-tune the main steam pressure PID controller's parameters online based on the error signal and its first difference, aimed at overcoming the uncertainties due to changing fuel calorific value, machine wear, contamination of the boiler heating surfaces and plant modeling errors. For the large variation of operating condition, a supervisory control level has been developed by autotuning technique. The developed CCS has been implemented in a power plant in China, and satisfactory industrial operation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy has enhanced the adaptability and robustness of the process. Indeed, better control performance and economic benefit have been achieved.
Direct hydrogenation of hybrid poplar wood to liquid and gaseous fuels (1979)

Abstract Fast growing hybrid poplar suspended in water has been treated with hydrogen at temperatures of around 350°C and pressures of about 10 MPa (100 atm) in the presence of Raney‐nickel. Complete conversion of the wood to oil and gas has been achieved. The oils, which appear to derive predominantly from the lignin, contain about 10 percent oxygen and have heating values of up to 40.8 MJ/kg (17,550 BTU/Ib). The gas, which is mostly methane, appears to derive from the celluloses and contains no carbon monoxide. Treatment of purified cellulose yields only gases and water soluble organics.
Multicomponent Approach to the Synthesis of Oxidized Amides through Nitrile Hydrozirconation (2007)

"Oxidized" amides, as represented by acyl aminals and acyl hemiaminals, are integral subunits of several natural products that exhibit useful biological activity. In this paper a multicomponent approach to these groups from acylimine intermediates is demonstrated. The acylimines are accessed through a sequence of nitrile hydrozirconation and acylation, making this highly versatile amide synthesis useful for a range of applications in target- and diversity-oriented synthesis.
Flexible Communication: A Secure and Trust-Based Free Wi-Fi Password Sharing Service (2011)

During the last few years the amount of users with mobile devices (laptops, smartphones, tablets, etc.) with wireless connectivity capabilities has grown at an impressive rate. In the meantime, the number of Wi-Fi networks has also increased a lot, and in addition to this, the emergence and fast growth of applications such as social networking, user generated content, location services, collaborative tools and applications, etc. has fueled the user's need for permanent connectivity. This paper introduces Flexible Communication, a secure and trust-based Wi-Fi password sharing service. Our service architecture provides the user with a solution that enables free Wi-Fi network password sharing, which relies on a social-networking oriented trust model approach and which at the same time allows the user to locate and to connect to those Wi-Fi networks at any time. We validate our solution with a qualitative assessment which compares its features against those of the other similar existent solutions and also with a quantitative assessment which measures the performance both of the server and the client.
Elements of the Competitive Situation that Affect Intrinsic Motivation (1996)

Effects on intrinsic motivation of three elements of the competitive situation (viz., competitive set, competitive outcome, and inter-personal context) were explored. Participants solved puzzles with a same-sex confederate under one of five experimental inductions, and intrinsic motivation was assessed by subsequent free-choice behavior and self-reports of interest/enjoyment. As predicted by cognitive evaluation theory, competitive outcome(viz., winning vs. losing) and interpersonal context (viz., pressured vs. nonpressured) affected intrinsic motivation. Path analyses showed that (a) winning (relative to losing) increased intrinsic motivation by enhancing perceived competence and (b) a pressured (relative to nonpressured) interpersonal context decreased intrinsic motivation by diminishing perceived self-determination. Further, competence valuation-the importance one places on doing well-related positively to perceived competence, perceived self-determination, and intrinsic motivation.
Effects of sterilization methods on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of silk fibroin membranes (2013)

Silk fibroin has been widely explored for many biomedical applications, due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. Sterilization is a fundamental step in biomaterials processing and it must not jeopardize the functionality of medical devices. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different sterilization methods in the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of dense and porous silk fibroin membranes. Silk fibroin membranes were treated by several procedures: immersion in 70% ethanol solution, ultraviolet radiation, autoclave, ethylene oxide, and gamma radiation, and were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, tensile strength and in vitro cytotoxicity to Chinese hamster ovary cells. The results indicated that the sterilization methods did not cause perceivable morphological changes in the membranes and the membranes were not toxic to cells. The sterilization methods that used organic solvent or an increased humidity and/or temperature (70% ethanol, autoclave, and ethylene oxide) increased the silk II content in the membranes: the dense membranes became more brittle, while the porous membranes showed increased strength at break. Membranes that underwent sterilization by UV and gamma radiation presented properties similar to the nonsterilized membranes, mainly for tensile strength and FTIR results.
Design Factors for the Equivilent Frame Method (1971)

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The Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25 gene product binds specifically to catalytically inactive ras proteins in vivo. (1992)

Genetic data suggest that the yeast cell cycle control gene CDC25 is an upstream regulator of RAS2. We have been able to show for the first time that the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins Cdc25 and Sdc25 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae bind directly to their targets Ras1 and Ras2 in vivo. Using the characteristics of the yeast Ace1 transcriptional activator to probe for protein-protein interaction, we found that the CDC25 gene product binds specifically to wild-type Ras2 but not to the mutated Ras2Val-19 and Ras2 delta Val-19 proteins. The binding properties of Cdc25 to Ras2 were strongly diminished in yeast cells expressing an inactive Ira1 protein, which normally acts as a negative regulator of Ras activity. On the basis of these data, we propose that the ability of Cdc25 to interact with Ras2 proteins is strongly dependent on the activation state of Ras2. Cdc25 binds predominantly to the catalytically inactive GDP-bound form of Ras2, whereas a conformational change of Ras2 to its activated GTP-bound state results in its loss of binding affinity to Cdc25.
So what if blood is thicker than water? (2011)

In this issue of Blood, Hulbert and colleagues prospectively look at a population of 40 patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) who were being regularly transfused for the prevention of recurrent stroke. They found an alarming incidence of stroke progression as well as development of new silent strokes. Progressive infarction occurred in almost one-half of the patients, 20% developed new overt strokes, and 27% developed new silent strokes despite aggressive transfusion therapy.
Blood Pressure Measurement for Accurate Assessment of Patient Status in Emergency Medical Settings (2012)

Obtaining blood pressure measurements with traditional sphygomanometry that are insensitive and nonspecific can fail to provide an accurate assessment of patient status, particularly in specific clinical scenarios of acute reduction in central blood volume such as hemorrhage or orthostatic testing. This paper provides a review of newly emerging monitoring technologies that are being developed and integrated to improve patient diagnosis by using collection and feature extraction in real time of arterial waveforms by machine-learning algorithms. With assessment of continuous, noninvasively measured arterial waveforms, machine-learning algorithms have been developed with the capability to predict cardiovascular collapse with > 96% accuracy and a correlation of 0.89 between the time of predicted and actual cardiovascular collapse (e.g., shock, syncope) using a human model of progressive central hypovolemia. The resulting capability to obtain earlier predictions of imminent hemodynamic instability has significant implications for effective countermeasure applications by the aeromedical community. The ability to obtain real-time, continuous information about changes in features and patterns of arterial waveforms in addition to standard blood pressure provides for the first time the capability to assess the status of circulatory blood volume of the patient and can be used to diagnose progression toward development of syncope or overt shock, or guide fluid resuscitation.
Swelling and dissolution of cellulose in amine oxide/water systems (1983)

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Optogenetic feedback control of neural activity (2015)

Optogenetic techniques enable precise excitation and inhibition of firing in specified neuronal populations and artifact-free recording of firing activity. Several studies have suggested that optical stimulation provides the precision and dynamic range requisite for closed-loop neuronal control, but no approach yet permits feedback control of neuronal firing. Here we present the 'optoclamp', a feedback control technology that provides continuous, real-time adjustments of bidirectional optical stimulation in order to lock spiking activity at specified targets over timescales ranging from seconds to days. We demonstrate how this system can be used to decouple neuronal firing levels from ongoing changes in network excitability due to multi-hour periods of glutamatergic or GABAergic neurotransmission blockade in vitro as well as impinging vibrissal sensory drive in vivo. This technology enables continuous, precise optical control of firing in neuronal populations in order to disentangle causally related variables of circuit activation in a physiologically and ethologically relevant manner.
High-throughput dynamic impact characterization of polymer films (2003)

An instrumented falling weight impact apparatus has been designed and constructed for high-throughput characterization of polymer films in the 5–100 μm thickness range. The primary intended use of the instrument is rapid and accurate characterization of the dynamic impact response of multiple (~100) positions on a combinatorial library film. This will allow future exploration of the dependence of mechanical response on polymer composition, thickness, and annealing temperature using combinatorial synthesis and characterization methods. This paper describes the instrument and presents validation measurements using polyethylene films of uniform thickness (25 μm) and poly(urethaneurea) elastomers of thicknesses from 10–30 μm. Measurements on the polyethylene film demonstrate the reproducibility and lack of interaction effects for multiple measurements on the same film. Poly(urethaneurea) elastomer impact measurements are used to indicate the instrument sensitivity to controlled variations in polymer chemistry and structure. In particular, the results from force-deformation profiles indicate an optimum curing temperature and the expected trend in mechanical response with respect to polyurethaneurea diamine chain extender composition.
Thermal Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Reaction between Aromatic Ring Deuterium and Active Hydrogen of Substituent Group (1972)

those of the latter pair.The spectra also exhibit the ion peaks due to dehydration at m/e 486(in IIa)and m/e 500(in IIb)being coincided with the molecular ions of Ia and Ib.Especially of significance is that a fragment peak at m/e 302(c)8)due to the reverse Diels-Alder type fragmentation in ring B of Ib is also observed in the mass spectrum of IIb,which suggests that a hydroxyl function in IIb locates at C-5 or C-6 and is readily dehydrated furnishing a double bond at C-5.
Characterization of statistical prior image constrained compressed sensing. I. Applications to time‐resolved contrast‐enhanced CT (2012)

For mildly eccentric objects in the low noise regime, PICCS without the noise model yielded equal or better noise level and image quality than the statistical formulation. However, in a vast majority of cases, images reconstructed using statistical PICCS have a noise power spectrum that facilitated the detection of model lesions. The inclusion of a statistical model in the PICCS framework does not always result in improved noise characteristics.
Adverse Effects of Modest Sleep Restriction on Sleepiness, Performance, and Inflammatory Cytokines (2004)

Total sleep restriction in humans is associated with increased daytime sleepiness, decreased performance, and hormonal/metabolic disturbances. The effects of mild chronic sleep restriction that mimic real life are not known. To assess the effects of modest sleep restriction from 8 to 6 h/night for 1 wk, 25 young, healthy, normal sleepers (12 men and 13 women) were studied for 12 consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. After 1 wk of sleep restriction, although subjects' nighttime sleep was deeper, subjects were significantly sleepier (multiple sleep latency test) and performed worse in four primary variables of psychomotor vigilance test (both P < 0.01). Furthermore, 24-h secretion of IL-6 was increased by 0.8 +/- 0.3 pg/ml (P < 0.05) in both sexes, whereas TNFalpha was increased only in men. Also, the peak cortisol secretion was lower after sleep restriction than at baseline, and this difference was stronger in men (55.18 +/- 24.83 nmol/liter; P < 0.05) than in women (35.87 +/- 24.83 nmol/liter; P < 0.16). We conclude that in young men and women, modest sleep loss is associated with significant sleepiness, impairment of psychomotor performance, and increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Given the potential association of these behavioral and physical alterations with health, well-being, and public safety, the idea that sleep or parts of it are optional should be regarded with caution.
Carba‐nucleosides as Potent Antagonists of the Adenosine 5′‐Diphosphate (ADP) Purinergic Receptor (P2Y<sub>12</sub>) on Human Platelets (2008)

Antagonizing a key platelet purinergic receptor. The wide clinical use of clopidogrel has highlighted the importance of platelet ADP receptor (P2Y12) antagonists for preventing adverse cardiovascular events. We synthesized a series of novel carba-nucleosides and examined their usefulness as P2Y12 antagonists. Some tetrazole derivatives were high-affinity receptor antagonists and potent inhibitors of human platelet aggregation.
Blind Equalization and Carrier-Phase Recovery in QPSK Coherent Optical Receivers Based on Modified Constant-Modulus Algorithm (2013)

We propose and experimentally verify a fully-blind scheme for equalization and carrier-phase recovery in QPSK coherent optical receivers, which is based on the modified CMA. Its computational complexity is much less than the conventional approach.
Regulation of ITAM Signaling by Specific Sequences in Ig-β B Cell Antigen Receptor Subunit (1996)

B cell antigen receptors (BCR) are composed of an antigen binding subunit, the membrane Ig, and Ig-alpha/Ig-beta heterodimers, that contain a transducing motif named ITAM for "immuno-receptor tyrosine-based activation motif." Ig-alpha and Ig-beta ITAMs only differ by four amino acids located before the second conserved tyrosine (DCSM in Ig-alpha and QTAT in Ig-beta), which determine the in vitro association of Ig-alpha with the src kinase fyn. We have previously shown that Ig-alpha and Ig-beta BCR subunits activate different signaling pathways by expressing, in B cells, FcgammaRII chimeras containing the cytoplasmic tails of Ig-alpha or Ig-beta. We report here that the signaling capacity of Ig-beta ITAM is regulated by peptide sequences located inside (QTAT region) or outside the ITAM (flanking sequences). Furthermore, when isolated, Ig-alpha and Ig-beta ITAM have similar abilities as the entire Ig-alpha tail and the whole BCR in triggering tyrosine kinase activation, an increase of intracellular calcium concentration as well as late events of cell activation as assessed by cytokine secretion. These data show that alterations that modify the ability of Ig-alpha and Ig-beta to interact in vitro with the src kinase fyn (switch between QTAT and DCSM) also determine signal transduction capabilities of these molecules expressed in B cells.
The effects of intra-fraction organ motion on the delivery of dynamic intensity modulation (1998)

Computer-optimized treatment plans, aimed to enhance tumour control and reduce normal tissue complication, generally require non-uniform beam intensities. One of the techniques for delivering intensity-modulated beams is the use of dynamic multileaf collimation, where the beam aperture moves and the field shape changes during irradiation. When intensity-modulated beams are delivered with dynamic collimation, the problem of intra-fraction organ motion can cause distortions to the desired beam intensities. Unlike static field treatments, where intra-fraction organ motion only affects the boundaries creating broad dose penumbra, the interplay of the movement of the beam aperture and the movement of the patient anatomy can create 'hot' and 'cold' spots throughout the field. The mechanism for creating these effects is not well understood. This paper provides a simple analytical model which illustrates the fundamental mechanism for creating the dosimetric variations in the target when both the beam aperture and the target move during irradiation. Numerical analysis was carried out which calculates the cumulative primary photon fluence, or beam intensity, received by each point in the target, for a given pattern of motion. The results show that, for clinically realistic parameters, the magnitude of intensity variations in the target can be greater than 100% of the desired beam intensity. The magnitude of the photon intensity variations is strongly dependent on the speed of the beam aperture relative to the speed of the target motion, and the width of the scanning beam relative to the amplitude of target motion. The effects of fractionation as well as methods of minimizing and eliminating the dosimetric effects of intra-fraction organ motion are discussed.
Osler's Maneuver and Pseudohypertension (1985)

We describe a simple bedside procedure (which we call "Osler's maneuver") that differentiates patients with true hypertension from those whose blood pressure is spuriously elevated because of excessive sclerosis of the large arteries ("pseudohypertension"). The maneuver is performed by assessing the palpability of the pulseless radial or brachial artery distal to a point of occlusion of the artery manually or by cuff pressure. We classified 24 elderly hypertensive patients as either Osler-positive (n = 13) or Osler-negative (n = 11), and measured their intraarterial pressure, arterial compliance, and systemic hemodynamics. Patients with pseudohypertension (Osler-positive) had falsely elevated blood-pressure readings, with a difference of 10 to 54 mm Hg between cuff and intraarterial pressure. Arterial compliance was lower in Osler-positive subjects and correlated with the difference between cuff and intraarterial pressures, indicating that the stiffer the artery, the more pronounced the degree of pseudohypertension. Pseudohypertension is common in the elderly and becomes more severe as arterial compliance decreases and sclerosis of large arteries progresses.