gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A solar sail design for a mission to the near-interstellar medium (2000)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles E. Garner, William Layman, Sarah A. Gavit, Timothy Knowles; A solar sail design for a mission to the near-interstellar medium. AIP Conf. Proc. 19 January 2000; 504 (1): 947–961. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1290891 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A planar InGaAs PIN/JFET fiber-optic detector (1985)

A planar structure monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC), comprising an InGaAs PIN photodiode and an InGaAs junction field effect transistor (JFET), has been developed. A cutoff frequency of 1.3 GHz has been successfully obtained. A low dark-current characteristic has also been obtained by polyimide passivation. Design principle, fabrication procedures, and operation characteristics of the PIN/JFET are described.
(Trimethylsilyl)alanine: a Metabolically Stable 'Bio-Isostere' for Phenylalanine (1992)

The preparation of protected derivatives of enantiomerically pure β-(trimethylsilyl)alanine (1) and their chemical properties are decribed. Examples of renin inhibitory peptides, containing 1 are given, which demonstrates its use as a 'bio-isosteric' replacement for phenylalanine (2).
The Noisy-Logical Distribution and its Application to Causal Inference (2011)

We describe a novel noisy-logical distribution for representing the distribution of a binary output variable conditioned on multiple binary input variables. The distribution is represented in terms of noisy-or’s and noisy-and-not’s of causal features which are conjunctions of the binary inputs. The standard noisy-or and noisy-andnot models, used in causal reasoning and artificial intelligence, are special cases of the noisy-logical distribution. We prove that the noisy-logical distribution is complete in the sense that it can represent all conditional distributions provided a sufficient number of causal factors are used. We illustrate the noisy-logical distribution by showing that it can account for new experimental findings on how humans perform causal reasoning in complex contexts. We speculate on the use of the noisy-logical distribution for causal reasoning and artificial intelligence. 1
Functionalization via glycerol transesterification of polymerized soybean oil (2008)

Abstract An acylglycerol‐based molecule was synthesized by the thermal polymerization (bodying) of soybean oil followed by transesterification with glycerol. Transesterification with glycerol at temperatures greater than 200°C provided the desired polyol prepolymers. The extent of bodying and quantity of glycerol added during the transesterification provided tunability of the polyol molecular weight and functionality. The hydroxyl numbers, acidity, and viscosity of the polyols were characterized. The polyols were evaluated in elastomers and rigid foams. Extractability analyses were performed on the polyurethane elastomer wafers to evaluate crosslinking. Rigid foaming results for the processed soy‐based polyol showed excellent physicochemical properties suggesting comparability with a petroleum‐based polyether polyol. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
A Novel Visibility Restoration Algorithm for Single Hazy Images (2013)

The visibility of outdoor images captured in inclement weather will become degraded due to the presence of haze, fog, mist, and so on. Poor visibility caused by atmospheric phenomenon in turn causes failure in computer vision applications, such as outdoor object recognition systems, obstacle detection systems, video surveillance systems, and intelligent transportation systems. In order to solve this problem, visibility restoration techniques have been developed and play an important role in many computer vision applications. However, complete haze removal from a single image with a complex structure is difficult for visibility restoration techniques to achieve. This paper proposes a novel visibility restoration method which utilizes a combination of the median filter operation and the dark channel prior in order to achieve effective haze removal in a single image with a complex structure. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method provides superior haze removal in comparison to the previous state-of-the-art method through visual evaluation of different scenes.
The application of capnography to differentiate peri-chest tube air leak from parenchymal leak following pulmonary surgery. (2014)

Prolonged air leak is a common complication of pulmonary resection. However, while a bubbling chest drain is commonly related to parenchymal air leakage, it may also be caused by air entering the pleural cavity via an incomplete seal of the tissues at the chest tube insertion site. Examination alone is not sufficient to guide the surgeon as to which of the above complications is responsible for drain bubbling. We describe a simple method, whereby a CO2 monitoring device is attached to the chest drain to determine whether the air loss observed is in fact due to a pulmonary air leak.
Exploratory Activity and Fear Conditioning Abnormalities Develop Early in R6/2 Huntington's Disease Transgenic Mice. (2003)

The Huntington's disease R6/2 transgenic mouse model, containing exon 1 of the human huntingtin gene with a greatly increased CAG repeat length, shows multiple effects of the altered polyglutamine in the resultant protein. The authors report that exploratory and fear conditioning behavioral changes appear well before the onset of obvious pathology. The first differences in exploratory and fear conditioning behavior emerge by 4 and 5 weeks of age, respectively. These behaviors correlate with the earliest neurochemical and molecular changes previously reported and provide insight into functional mechanisms by which cellular and subcellular disease changes may mediate neurological symptoms. These studies provide behavioral protocols suitable for high-throughput screening of therapeutic agents.
Increase in the Lipopolysaccharide Activity and Accumulation of Gram-Negative Bacteria in the Stomach With Low Acidity (2020)

GNB that have recently moved from the oral cavity might account for the prominent LPS activity in a stomach with weak acidity.
Acquisition of HIV Type 1 Resistance by beta-Chemokine-Producing CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells (1999)

The CD4+ T cell is a major target cell type for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. In this study, we provide evidence that the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection is variable in individual CD4+ T cells. Five CD4+ T cell clones were isolated from an HIV-1-seronegative donor and were investigated for their susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Four CD4+ T cell clones were resistant to infection by a macrophage-tropic (R5) HIV-1 isolate whereas one clone was fully permissive. The level of susceptibility to HIV-1 correlated inversely with beta-chemokine production, including RANTES (regulated on activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta. Resistance to HIV-1 infection was abrogated by the combined use of neutralizing antibodies against these three beta-chemokines. Interestingly, a complete inhibition of HIV-1 infection was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells on infection induced by adding the culture supernatant or a small number of HIV-1-resistant cell clones. Our results suggest the presence of a clonal self-defense mechanism within the CD4+ T cell population in vivo that involves the secretion of beta-chemokines.
Inhibition of growth, transformation, and expression of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 in human keratinocytes by alpha interferons (1993)

We used a model system of normal human keratinocytes (HKc) and HKc immortalized with human papillomavirus type 16 DNA (HKc/HPV16) to investigate the effects of alpha interferons (IFN-alpha) on the growth of HPV16-immortalized human epithelial cells, on HPV16-mediated immortalization of normal HKc, and on HPV16 gene expression. Normal HKc and HKc/HPV16 were treated with several recombinant human IFN-alpha subtypes (IFN-alpha B, IFN-alpha D, and IFN-alpha B/D). These IFN-alpha subtypes inhibited proliferation of both normal HKc and HKc/HPV16 in a dose-dependent fashion; however, although 1,000 to 10,000 U of IFN-alpha per ml were required to inhibit growth of normal HKc, HKc/HPV16 were substantially growth inhibited by 100 U/ml. In addition, 100 U of IFN-alpha B/D per ml inhibited transformation of normal HKc by HPV16 DNA. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed no effect of IFN-alpha on the mRNA levels of the HPV16 E6 and E7 open reading frames. However, immunofluorescence studies of the HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins with anti-E6 and anti-E7 monoclonal antibodies showed significant inhibition of E7 protein expression in cells treated with IFN-alpha, whereas E6 protein expression was not altered. The inhibition of E7 protein expression in cells treated with IFN-alpha was further confirmed by Western immunoblot analysis. These results suggest that IFN-alpha may inhibit HPV16-mediated transformation of HKc and proliferation of HKc/HPV16 through an inhibition of HPV16 E7 protein expression.
Rigid Core Vinamidinium Salts and Their N,N‘-Rotamers (2003)

The power of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to unravel stereochemical details is amply demonstrated. O-Methylation of 3-methylamino-5,5-dimethyl-2-cylohexen-1-one (1a) produces stable diastereomers, (Z)- and (E)-N-(3-methoxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ylidine)-N-methylaminium iodide (2a). As predicted by computation and confirmed by spectroscopy, the (Z)-vinylogous imidate salt predominates. Reaction of 2a with primary and secondary amines furnished a number of vinamidinium salts, including N-(3-methylamino-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ylidene)-N-methylaminium iodide (3a). Two rotamers of 3a were identified and characterized. A substantial number of additional compounds 2 and 3 are included in the study.
An integrated information system on the Web for catchment management (1998)

Article Free Access Share on An integrated information system on the Web for catchment management Authors: Kenny Taylor CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, AustraliaView Profile , Mark Cameron CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, AustraliaView Profile , Jason Haines CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, GPO Box 664, Canberra ACT 2601, AustraliaView Profile Authors Info & Claims GIS '98: Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systemsNovember 1998 Pages 8–13https://doi.org/10.1145/288692.288696Published:01 November 1998Publication History 3citation379DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads379Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Crisp: a debugging tool for Java programs (2005)

Crisp is a tool (i.e., an Eclipse plug-in) for constructing intermediate versions of a Java program that is being edited in an IDE such as Eclipse. After a long editing session, a programmer usually would run regression tests to make sure she has not invalidated previously checked functionality. If a test fails unexpectedly, Crisp uses input from Chianti, a tool for semantic change impact analysis, to allow the programmer to select parts of the edit that affected the failing test and to add them to the original program, creating an intermediate version guaranteed to compile. Then the programmer can re-execute the test in order to locate the exact reasons for the failure by concentrating on those affecting changes that were applied. Using Crisp, a programmer can iteratively select, apply, and undo individual (or sets of) affecting changes and, thus effectively find a small set of failure-inducing changes.
Carbon coatings produced by high temperature chlorination of silicon carbide ceramics (2001)

Carbon coatings are widely used to modify surfaces of materials and improve their tribological properties. In this work, carbon layers were formed on various types of sintered and CVD silicon carbide (SiC) using a novel technique involving a reaction with chlorine and chlorine-hydrogen gas mixtures at 1000 °C. Following the work done on powders and fibers, this method successfully produced adherent coatings on SiC ceramics, which could be grown to thickness above 200 μm. Highly disordered carbon with contributions from nanocrystalline graphite was identified by Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The kinetics of the chlorination reaction at 1000 °C for different gas mixtures fit to a linear reaction rate equation. Coatings produced in pure Cl2 are graphitic and demonstrate a low hardness (1.8 GPa), Young's modulus (18 GPa), low wear rate, and a friction coefficient of ~0.1, which is almost constant for any testing conditions in dry or humid air. Coatings produced in Cl2/H2 mixtures have microhardness up to 50 GPa and Young's modulus up to 800 GPa. Although the presence of hydrogen had little effect on the Raman spectrum of the carbon layers, its presence changed the structure and permeability of the carbon film.
Dendritic−Graft Polypeptides (2002)

A new synthetic strategy for the preparation of highly branched, or dendritic−graft, polypeptides is presented. The synthetic strategy is based on a repetitive sequence of ring-opening copolymerization and deprotection steps. Comonomers for the ring-opening polymerization are a set of orthogonally protected l-lysine N-carboxyanhydride derivatives. After each polymerization step, selective removal of the ε-NH2 protecting groups of one of the monomers generates a number of new initiator sites that allow grafting of a successive generation of polypeptide branches. Following this strategy, dendritic−graft polypeptides containing up to ∼160 α-amino acids, corresponding to a number-average molecular weight of ∼40 kDa, could be obtained after only four ring-opening polymerization−deprotection cycles. In contrast to perfect dendrimers, the dendritic−graft polypeptides are neither structurally uniform nor monodisperse. Dendritic−graft polypeptides, however, are conveniently prepared in multigram quantities and do not require laborious purification procedures.
Relative invariants of the polynomial rings over the finite and tame type quivers(Combinatorial Aspects in Representation Theory and Geometry) (1991)

In this note we consider the following problem.Let $F$ be one of the $A_{r}$ , $D_{r},$ $E_{r},\tilde{A}_{r}$ , $r'\tilde{E}r$ type quivers with $r$ vertices and arbitrarily directed arrows.Namely $F$ is a directed graph without multiple edges and if we ignore the directions of the arrows in $F$ , then the gragh coincide with one of the Dynkin diagrams of types $A_{r},$ $D_{r},$ $E_{r},\tilde{A}_{r},\tilde{D}_{r},\tilde{E}_{r}$ .We take a representaion of the quiver $F$ , namely we put a vector space $V_{i}$ on each vertex $i$ in $F$ and put a linear homomorphism $f$ on each arrow in $F$ .Here $V_{i}$ is a finite dimensional vector space over some field $k$ and $V_{i}arrow^{f}V_{i}$ .$f$ is a linear homomorphism from $V_{i}$ to $V_{i}$ if For example if $F$ is an $A_{r}$ type quiver, a representation of $F$ is given by $V_{1}arrow f_{1}V_{2}arrow f_{2}V_{3}arrow JsV_{4}arrow f_{4}$ .
Learning a dense multi-view representation for detection, viewpoint classification and synthesis of object categories (2009)

Recognizing object classes and their 3D viewpoints is an important problem in computer vision. Based on a part-based probabilistic representation [31], we propose a new 3D object class model that is capable of recognizing unseen views by pose estimation and synthesis. We achieve this by using a dense, multiview representation of the viewing sphere parameterized by a triangular mesh of viewpoints. Each triangle of viewpoints can be morphed to synthesize new viewpoints. By incorporating 3D geometrical constraints, our model establishes explicit correspondences among object parts across viewpoints. We propose an incremental learning algorithm to train the generative model. A cellphone video clip of an object is first used to initialize model learning. Then the model is updated by a set of unsorted training images without viewpoint labels. We demonstrate the robustness of our model on object detection, viewpoint classification and synthesis tasks. Our model performs superiorly to and on par with state-of-the-art algorithms on the Savarese et al. 2007 and PASCAL datasets in object detection. It outperforms all previous work in viewpoint classification and offers promising results in viewpoint synthesis.
Ubiquitin and endocytic protein sorting (2005)

Ubiquitin plays a fundamental role not only in proteasome-mediated protein degradation but also in the targeting of membrane proteins for degradation inside the lysosome. Ubiquitination provides a key signal for endosomal sorting of membrane proteins into the MVB (multi-vesicular body), which delivers its cargo to the proteolytic interior of the lysosome. Attachment of single ubiquitin molecules, rather than ubiquitin chains, to one or multiple lysines of the cytoplasmic domains of many growth factor receptors, ion channels and other membrane transporters is sufficient to target these proteins to a complex sorting apparatus on the endosome. This machinery selects ubiquitinated proteins for lysosomal sorting through consecutive interactions with a variety of ubiquitin-binding domains. The major ubiquitin ligase (E3) responsible for ubiquitination in this pathway in yeast is the HECT [homologous to E6-AP (E6-associated protein) C-terminus]-ligase, Rsp5, whereas in mammalian cells the RING (really interesting new gene)-ligase Cbl has been implicated in the down-regulation of several RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases). Ubiquitinated receptors can be rescued from degradation by the activity of DUBs (deubiquitinating enzymes), which may provide a proofreading mechanism that enhances the fidelity of this sorting and degradation process. DUBs also allow for recycling of the ubiquitin moieties from proteins prior to their final commitment to the MVB and lysosome interior.
CYTOCHEMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE BY THE USE OF A NEW p-NITROPHENYL SUBSTITUTED DITETRAZOLE (1957)

1. A new p-nitrophenyl substituted ditetrazole, 2,2'-di-p-nitrophenyl-5,5'-diphenyl-3,3'-(3,3'-dimethoxy-4,4'-biphenylene) ditetrazolium chloride (Nitro-BT), is introduced, which possesses most of the properties of an ideal reagent for histochemical purposes. It permits the cytochemical visualization of the sites of enzymic activity in tissue sections from 2-8 µ thick, under aerobic conditions, after a relatively short incubation period. 2. A comparison was made of the various tetrazoles in common use with several new p-nitro substituted analogues of these agents. 3. A survey was presented of the enzyme distribution in the major tissues of the rat and dog. Evidence for the reliability of cytochemical localization is provided by illustrative material in selected tissues. 4. The new tetrazole can be employed for the diphosphopyridine nucleotide and triphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase systems as well as for the succinic dehydrogenase system by substituting Nitro-BT for blue tetrazolium (BT) in the incubation media.
Are the promoter regions of seed storage protein genes suitable for the expression of genes involved in storage lipid synthesis? (1989)

Conference Article| August 01 1989 Are the promoter regions of seed storage protein genes suitable for the expression of genes involved in storage lipid synthesis? DENIS J. MURPHY DENIS J. MURPHY 1Oilseeds Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1989) 17 (4): 685–686. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170685 Article history Received: November 24 1988 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DENIS J. MURPHY; Are the promoter regions of seed storage protein genes suitable for the expression of genes involved in storage lipid synthesis?. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1989; 17 (4): 685–686. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0170685 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1989 Biochemical Society1989 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Novel nucleophilic substitution of alkyl bromo‐2(1<i>H</i>)‐pyridones (1985)

Abstract Nucleophilic substitution of certain alkyl bromo‐2(1 H )‐pyridones gave some unexpected products where the alkyl group is substituted and the ring bromine is replaced by hydrogen. The expected ring substituted product is also formed, but only as the minor product in most cases. Many reactions are cited with various nucleophiles, and a plausible mechanism is also presented.
Effects of pH and Time of Grinding on Lipid Oxidation of Fresh Ground Pork (1984)

ABSTRACT Experiments detected effects of pH on lipid oxidation of fresh ground pork. Pigs received antemortem epinephrine injections or postmortem carcass electrical stimulation to manipulate ultimate postmortem pH. High‐pH (>6.10) samples had lower TBA values than low‐pH samples. Nonsignificant difference in TBA values between high‐pH prerigor‐ and postrigor‐ground samples indicated that, at common high pH, time of grinding had no effect on lipid oxidation. Differences in TBA values between prerigor high‐ and low‐pH samples and postrigor high‐ and low‐pH samples indicated that, with identical grinding treatments, inhibition of oxidation occurred at high pH. Metmyoglobin was relatively high in both low‐ and high‐pH muscle and was not catalytically active at high pH.
Ejection Fraction and Risk of Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Systolic Dysfunction and Sinus Rhythm: Evidence for Gender Differences in the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Trials (1997)

In patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and sinus rhythm, the annual incidence of thromboembolic events is low. Ejection fraction appears to be independently associated with thromboembolic risk in women, but not in men.
Accelerators for charged particle therapy (2015)

History has shown that energetic particles can be useful for medical applications. From the time, in 1895 when Roentgen discovered X-rays, and in 1913 when Coolidge developed the vacuum X-ray tube, energetic particles have been an important tool for medicine. Development of the appropriate tool for effective and safe radiotherapy requires an in-depth understanding of the application and constraints. Various solutions are possible and choices must be analyzed on the basis of the suitability for meeting the requirements. Some of the requirements of charged particle therapy are summarized and various accelerator options are described and discussed.