gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract TP4: Pre-treatment Systolic Blood Pressure Levels Predict Final Infarct Volume, and Early Outcomes Following Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (2016)

Background & Purpose: High pre-treatment systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels have been associated with lower recanalization rates after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). We sought to evaluate the association of of pre-treatment SBP with other outcome measures after EVT including final infarct volume (FIV) and favorable outcome (FO) at three-months. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating AIS patients presenting with anterior circulation ELVO in a tertiary care stroke center during a 4-year period. Admission stroke severity was documented using NIHSS-score. Pre-treatment SBP and DBP were measured using automated cuff. Two investigators calculated the FIV using ABC/2 methodology. FO was defined as mRS score of 0-2 at 3 months. Results: Our study population consisted of 116 patients with anterior circulation ELVO (mean age 63±13 years, 51% male, median admission NIHSS-score: 17 points, IQR 14-21, median FIV: 30cm3, IQR: 8-94) who were treated with EVT. Systemic thrombolysis was administered in 75 patients (65%). A total of 38 patients (33%) achieved FO, while in-hospital and three-month mortalities were 27% and 31% respectively. Higher pre-treatment SBP was positively correlated to increased FIV (r: +0.225; p=0.020). Patients with FFO had lower pretreatment SBP (151±24mmHg vs 165±28mmHg; p= 0.010), while pretreatment SBP levels were higher in patients who died during hospitalization (169±34mmHg vs 156±24mmHg; p=0.043). A 10mmHg increment in pretreatment SBP was independently (p=0.010) associated with an increase of 12cm3 in FIV (95%CI: 3-21) in multiple linear regression models adjusting for demographics, vascular risk factors, pretreatment DBP, admission NIHSS, intravenous thrombolysis, onset to revascularization and successful revascularization. A 10mmHg increment in pretreatment SBP was independently (p=0.012) associated with a lower likelihood of FFO at three months (OR: 0.64; 95%CI: 0.45-0.91) in multiple logistic regression models adjusting for multiple confounders. Conclusion: Higher pretreatment SBP is an independent predictor of increased FIV and lower likelihood of three-month FFO in patients with ELVO who undergo EVT.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN RANAH AFEKTIF PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI DI SMA (2016)

This study aimed to produce the valid and reliable assessment instrument for affective domain in measuring the affective skill of high school students in the subjects of biology. Type of this research is the research development by using an Instrument Development method with twice trial and errors, 68 people on the first trial and 120 people in the second trial. In the first test successfully extracted two factors, the reliability coefficient that is indicated by an alpha internal consistency which equals to 0.865. The second trial also successfully extracted two factors, the alpha internal reliability coefficient obtained for 0.892. It can be concluded that the assessment instrument for affective domain developed has good construct validity and very high internal reliability coefficient.
MDL-based design of vector quantizers (2002)

We develop a framework for vector quantization networks based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle. This MDL framework is used to derive conditions for the removal of superfluous units from the network. We design a computationally efficient algorithm for finding the optimal number of reference vectors as well as their positions. We illustrate our approach on 2D clustering problems and present applications on image coding.
Characterization of Natural Resin Films and Identification of Ancient Coating (2003)

Typical Japanese natural resin films, i.e., oriental lacquer films, cashew resin films, and drying oil polymers were characterized, and also an ancient coating was identified using two-stage pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Urushiol, laccol, and thitsiol components, which are the main constituents of the respective oriental lacquers, were detected by the pyrolysis at 400°C. Additionally, the pyrolysis products, which reflect the structure of the urushiol, laccol, and thitsiol polymers, were detected by pyrolysis at 500°C after pyrolysis at 400°C. All the results have shown a significant progress occurring in the side chain-side chain C-C coupling and aromatic nucleus-side chain C-O coupling of urushiol, laccol, and thitsiol concurrently with the formation of the respective lacquer films. The cashew resin film was found to be terminated with saturated cardols and cardanols by the pyrolysis at 400°C. Furthermore, pyrolysis at 500°C revealed that the autoxidative side chain-side chain C-C coupling accelerated the cross-linking of trienyl- and dienylcardanols during the polymerization. The C4-C18 free fatty acids were detected by the pyrolysis of the drying oil polymers. These pyrolysis products are significant markers for a drying oil polymer. The drying oil polymer is terminated with saturated fatty acids, especially with hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid. Based on these results, the ancient coating sample obtained from the surface of a wooden dish excavated at Tobarikyu, Kyoto prefecture, Japan was identified as Rhus vernicifera lacquer combined with an drying oil, presumably added as the solvent. Py-GC/MS was proved to be effective for the characterization of natural resin films and identification of organic coatings of historic artifacts.
The Overview and Prospects for Production and Marketing of Cashew Nut in the World (2013)

In this article, we analyze the cultivation and production of cashew in the world during the period 2005 - 2010, and make a concrete analysis of the import and export trade of cashew nut in the world in recent years. In particular, we give an overview of the production and trade in major producing countries of cashew such as Vietnam and India. Finally, we analyze the nutritional value, pharmaceutical and industry role of cashew nut, and look into the future of development of the cashew nut industry in the world.
Application-specific architectural methodologies for high-throughput digital signal and image processing (1990)

An attempt has been made to classify the architectural styles suited for application-specific high-throughput DSP (digital signal processing) applications. In principle, they can be classified between the two extremes of cooperating multiplexed data paths and regular arrays which adopt hard-wired control flow with low hardware sharing. Three DSP subclasses have been identified according to the required sample rate in combination with the regularity and modularity of the flowgraph and the types of operation which are involved, such as straightforward arithmetic or complex decision making with loops and branches. Correspondingly, three architectural strategies have been identified as efficient candidates for realization, namely, microcoded multiprocessors, cooperating multiplexed data paths, and regular arrays. Architectures exploiting large hardware-sharing ratio's which are more suited for the back-end modules in the target DSP system are investigated. Realistic test vehicles are discussed in order to evaluate the alternatives. Moreover, guidelines have been extracted to select such an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) architecture. These are dependent on the required throughput, the structure of the algorithm, and the corresponding signal flowgraph.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of adenosine receptor agonists on renal function in anaesthetized rats (1997)

Activation both of A1 and of A2 receptor causes a reduction in urinary water and sodium excretion. The renal response to activation of A2 receptors is enhanced by the presence of renal nerves, whereas the response to activation of A1 receptors is not influenced by renal nerves.
Towards Privacy-Preserving Query Log Publishing (2007)

It’s an open secret that search engines collect detailed query logs, and sometimes release these data to third parties. While making this wealth of information available provides enormous opportunities for information retrieval and web mining research, it also raises serious concerns about the privacy of individuals. We strongly believe that this data should be published to allow researchers to develop new information access algorithms, however, it is desirable to anonymize these logs, so that they are still usable for research but do not contain sensitive information. The most important need is to define in a principled way the notion of privacy for query logs. This paper attempts to lay out some dimensions for defining privacy guidelines for query log publishing. We focus on the central issue of how to strike a balance between protecting the sensitive information and maintaining useful data for analysis. This work is within the overall vision of developing anonymization techniques to allow construction of IR algorithms (e.g., spelling correction) that maintain state-of-the-art performance over the anonymized data. We first describe some important applications of query log analysis and discuss their requirements on the degree of granularity of query logs. We then analyze the sensitive information in query logs and classify them from the privacy perspective. We lay out two orthogonal dimensions for anonymizing query logs and present a spectrum of approaches along those dimensions. We discuss whether existing privacy guidelines such as HIPAA can apply to query logs directly, or whether these guidelines require significant adaptation. For each of the approaches, we discuss the implications on query log utility regarding the important applications as well as the privacy of the anonymized query logs. More generally, our goal is to bring up questions and suggest challenges for privacy-preserving query log publishing.
Superiority of thalidomide and dexamethasone over vincristine-doxorubicindexamethasone (VAD) as primary therapy in preparation for autologous transplantation for multiple myeloma (2005)

The aim of the present study was to compare thalidomide-dexamethasone (Thal-Dex) and vincristine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone (VAD) as primary therapy in preparation for autologous peripheral blood stem-cell (PBSC) transplantation for multiple myeloma (MM). For this purpose, we performed a retrospective matched case-control analysis of 200 patients who entered 2 consecutive studies from 1996 to 2004 and received Thal-Dex (n = 100) or VAD (n = 100) administered for 4 months before collection of PBSCs and autologous transplantation. Matching criteria included age, clinical stage, and serum beta2-microglobulin levels. In comparison with VAD, Thal-Dex resulted in a significantly higher response rate (52% versus 76%, respectively; P < .001) and effected more profound reduction in myeloma cell mass of both immunoglobulin G (IgG; P = .02) and IgA (P = .03) type. More frequent toxicities included nonfatal deep vein thrombosis with Thal-Dex (15%) and granulocytopenia with VAD (12%). In each of the 2 treatment groups, 91% of patients proceeded to PBSC mobilization. The median number of collected CD34+ cells was 7.85 x 10(6)/kg in the Thal-Dex group and 10.5 x 10(6)/kg in the control group. Thal-Dex may be considered an effective and relatively well-tolerated oral alternative to the more complex VAD regimen as front-line therapy for MM patients who are candidates for subsequent autologous transplantation.
Unsupervised morphological segmentation with log-linear models (2009)

Morphological segmentation breaks words into morphemes (the basic semantic units). It is a key component for natural language processing systems. Unsupervised morphological segmentation is attractive, because in every language there are virtually unlimited supplies of text, but very few labeled resources. However, most existing model-based systems for unsupervised morphological segmentation use directed generative models, making it difficult to leverage arbitrary overlapping features that are potentially helpful to learning. In this paper, we present the first log-linear model for unsupervised morphological segmentation. Our model uses overlapping features such as morphemes and their contexts, and incorporates exponential priors inspired by the minimum description length (MDL) principle. We present efficient algorithms for learning and inference by combining contrastive estimation with sampling. Our system, based on monolingual features only, outperforms a state-of-the-art system by a large margin, even when the latter uses bilingual information such as phrasal alignment and phonetic correspondence. On the Arabic Penn Treebank, our system reduces F1 error by 11% compared to Morfessor.
Circuit modeling to predict the performance of force-cooled cold plate structures (2003)

The electronic circuit simulator PSpice can provide the means of obtaining numerical nonanalytic solutions to thermal heat flow problems which would otherwise be difficult or impossible to derive. Rules for relating physical heat flow parameters to equivalent distributed lossy transmission line parameters are derived. This method for numerical evaluation of the heat dissipating performance of complicated fin structures forming cold-stacks is validated by comparison with recently published analytic solutions for double stack cold plates.
PackNet: Adding Multiple Tasks to a Single Network by Iterative Pruning (2018)

This paper presents a method for adding multiple tasks to a single deep neural network while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. Inspired by network pruning techniques, we exploit redundancies in large deep networks to free up parameters that can then be employed to learn new tasks. By performing iterative pruning and network re-training, we are able to sequentially "pack" multiple tasks into a single network while ensuring minimal drop in performance and minimal storage overhead. Unlike prior work that uses proxy losses to maintain accuracy on older tasks, we always optimize for the task at hand. We perform extensive experiments on a variety of network architectures and large-scale datasets, and observe much better robustness against catastrophic forgetting than prior work. In particular, we are able to add three fine-grained classification tasks to a single ImageNet-trained VGG-16 network and achieve accuracies close to those of separately trained networks for each task.
Full-Band CQI Feedback by Haar Compression in OFDMA Systems (2009)

Implementation of an efficient CQI feedback mechanism is the focus of the study presented in this paper. OFDMA-based systems such as 3 GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) downlink and WiMax require an accurate CQI feedback to allow effective operation of the adaptive modulation and coding. Besides accuracy, such mechanism should impose only a low overhead when using uplink resources for conveying the CQI information. Unlike the Best-M CQI feedback algorithms where only the M highest CQI's and their locations are reported, a full-band feedback method compresses the whole CQI vector and transmits the compressed vector in the uplink channel. In this paper, application of the Haar transform for a full-band CQI report is investigated and its performance is compared against Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-based compression schemes. Full-band Haar CQI feedback offers a flexible process for CQI feedback that can be easily adapted to different operating scenarios. Key features of Haar compression are incremental update and very low complexity for compression and decompression. Simulation results indicate that the full-band Haar scheme achieves significantly higher throughput than the DCT-based schemes at low speeds and about the same performance at higher speeds.
Expression and RNA Interference-Induced Silencing of the Dammarenediol Synthase Gene in Panax ginseng (2006)

Panax ginseng is one of the most highly valued herbal medicines in the Orient, where it has gained an almost magical reputation for being able to maintain the quality of life. The root of ginseng contains noble tetracyclic triterpenenoid saponins, which are thought to be the major effective ingredients in P. ginseng . The first committed step in ginsenoside synthesis is the cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqualene to dammarenediol II by oxidosqualene cyclase, dammarenediol synthase (DDS). The gene encoding DDS has been characterized. Here, we investigated the expression of the DDS gene together with the genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis ( SS, SE, PNX, PNY, PNY2 and PNZ ). Expression of DDS mRNA was higher in flower buds compared with root, leaf and petiole of ginseng plants. Elicitor (methyl jasmonate) treatment up-regulated the expression of DDS mRNA. Ectopic expression of DDS in a yeast mutant ( erg7 ) lacking lanosterol synthase resulted in the production of dammarenediol and hydroxydammarenone which were confirmed by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC/APCIMS). RNA interference (RNAi) of DDS in transgenic P. ginseng resulted in silencing of DDS expression which leads to a reduction of ginsenoside production to 84.5% in roots. These results indicate that expression of DDS played a vital role in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides in P. ginseng .
Guias para la administracion eficiente de caja publica en america latina (1997)

This report describes the process of building the capacity of treasury systems along with aspects of public financial administration. It identifies the practices most effective in managing public funds in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Peru and those used in financially managing private enterprises. The countries are separated into three categories: those with reforms incorporating a treasury system, those applying partial changes to their financial administration systems, and those having a development model distinct from an integrated system of financial administration. Chapter 1 discusses basic guidelines and practices that promote efficiency in fiscal management. Presented in order of importance, each element is examined for the role it should play in public fund administration. Chapter 2 examines elements that make each type of system--represented by the four countries--effective. Chapter 3 discusses effective practices in fund administration in the private sector. Finally, Chapter 4 discusses the characteristics that should govern the treasury's operation: programming so that taxing and spending are evaluated in terms of yield; unification so that decisionmaking and spending authority are centralized; rationality so that fund management is equitable and just, avoids unnecessary distribution, optimizes collection, and determines appropriate use; and operative decentralization, which delegates functions so that the state's resources are brought nearer to users.
Modeling of HTTP traffic (2001)

In this letter, the authors show that the behavior of Web users strongly affects the dynamics of TCP connections in the Internet. Analyzing actual and systematically generated HTTP traces, it is proved that the time between the downloads of two pages is critical to determine the re-utilization of connections. On the other hand, the use of the 1.1 version of the HTTP standard does not significantly affect the traffic generated by HTTP 1.0 browsers. In this sense, the heavy-tailed nature of the size of HTTP connections can be considered an invariant property.
Kinetics of the histological, serological and symptomatic responses to gluten challenge in adults with coeliac disease (2012)

14 day GC at ≥ 3 g of gluten/day induces histological and serological changes in the majority of adults with coeliac disease. These data permit accurate design of clinical trials and indicate that many individuals will meet coeliac diagnostic criteria after a 2-week GC.
Evolution of the ferric enterobactin receptor in gram-negative bacteria (1991)

Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of iron-deficient and replete cell envelopes, 59Fe-siderophore uptake studies, and Western immunoblots and cytofluorimetric analyses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), we surveyed a panel of gram-negative bacteria to identify outer membrane proteins that are structurally related to the Escherichia coli K-12 ferric enterobactin receptor, FepA. Antibodies within the panel identified FepA epitopes that are conserved among the majority of the bacteria tested, as well as epitopes present in only a few of the strains. In general, epitopes of FepA that are buried in the outer membrane bilayer were more conserved among gram-negative bacteria than epitopes that are exposed on the bacterial cell surface. The surface topology and tertiary structure of FepA are quite similar in E. coli and Shigella flexneri but differ in Salmonella typhimurium. Of the 18 different genera tested, 94% of the bacteria transported ferric enterobactin, including members of the previously unrecognized genera Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Enterobacter, Haemophilus, Hafnia, Morganella, Neisseria, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia, and Yersinia. The ferric enterobactin receptor contains at least one buried epitope, recognized by MAb 2 (C. K. Murphy, V. I. Kalve, and P. E. Klebba, J. Bacteriol. 172:2736-2746, 1990), that is conserved within the structure of an iron-regulated cell envelope protein in all the bacteria that we have surveyed. With MAb 2, we identified and determined the Mr of cell envelope antigens that are immunologically related to E. coli FepA in all the gram-negative bacteria tested. Collectively, the library of anti-FepA MAbs showed unique patterns of reactivity with the different bacteria, allowing identification and discrimination of species within the following gram-negative genera: Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Haemophilus, Hafnia, Klebsiella, Morganella, Neisseria, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel One‐Step Transformation of Carbamates into Amides. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.