gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Macro block based FPGA floorplanning (2002)

This paper describes the floorplanning for FPGA based designs. In order to perform placement for very large designs, the currently followed approach of placing flat netlists is extremely time consuming. Also, managing large data sets, as in flat netlist files, is not trivial for performance driven designs. In this paper we describe an approach for the constraint-based FPGA floorplanning of flexible and fixed macro blocks. Our approach is to construct a floorplan of small area that respects the input constraint set. The input constraint set is derived from topological placement of the macro blocks based on both FPGA architectural constraints and ASIC design. Experimental results on FPGA floorplanning are also presented for large benchmark examples.
An Unexpected Oxidation of Unactivated Methylene C–H Using DIB/TBHP Protocol (2011)

An in situ generated hypervalent iodine species, bis(tert-butylperoxy)iodobenzene, was used as a peroxy radical source for the oxidation of unreactive, remote, and isolated alkyl (cyclic or aliphatic) esters and amides to the corresponding keto compounds under very mild conditions.
Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) Tethers EPAC1 in a Vascular Endothelial Cadherin (VE-Cad)-based Signaling Complex and Controls cAMP-mediated Vascular Permeability (2010)

Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) permeability is largely dependent on the integrity of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin or VE-Cad)-based intercellular adhesions. Activators of protein kinase A (PKA) or of exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) reduce VEC permeability largely by stabilizing VE-Cad-based intercellular adhesions. Currently, little is known concerning the nature and composition of the signaling complexes that allow PKA or EPAC to regulate VE-Cad-based structures and through these actions control permeability. Using pharmacological, biochemical, and cell biological approaches we identified and determined the composition and functionality of a signaling complex that coordinates cAMP-mediated control of VE-Cad-based adhesions and VEC permeability. Thus, we report that PKA, EPAC1, and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) enzymes integrate into VE-Cad-based signaling complexes in human arterial endothelial cells. Importantly, we show that protein-protein interactions between EPAC1 and PDE4D serve to foster their integration into VE-Cad-based complexes and allow robust local regulation of EPAC1-based stabilization of VE-Cad-based adhesions. Of potential translational importance, we mapped the EPAC1 peptide motif involved in binding PDE4D and show that a cell-permeable variant of this peptide antagonizes EPAC1-PDE4D binding and directly alters VEC permeability. Collectively, our data indicate that PDE4D regulates both the activity and subcellular localization of EPAC1 and identify a novel mechanism for regulated EPAC1 signaling in these cells.
Chromosomal stabilization of the proteinase genes in Lactococcus lactis (1991)

The plasmid-encoded proteinase genes prtP and prtM of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2 were integrated by a Campbell-like mechanism into the L. lactis subsp. lactis MG1363 chromosome by using the insertion vector pKLG610. Two transformants were obtained that differed in the number of amplified pKLG610 copies in head-to-tail arrangements on their chromosomes; MG610 contained approximately two copies, and MG611 contained about eight copies. The amplifications were stably maintained during growth in milk in the absence of antibiotics. The proteolytic activity of strain MG611 was approximately 11-fold higher than that of strain MG610 and about 1.5 times higher than that of strain MG1363(pGKV552), which carried the proteinase genes on an autonomously replicating plasmid with a copy number of approximately 5. All three strains showed rapid growth in milk with concomitant rapid production of acid. The results suggest that a limited number of copies of the proteinase genes prtP and prtM per genome is sufficient for good growth in milk.
Integrated polarization beam splitter in high index contrast silicon-on-insulator waveguides (2005)

We design, fabricate, and test a novel transverse-electric/transverse-magnetic (TE/TM) polarization beam splitter which is based on the dependence of birefringence on rib width in silicon-on-insulator waveguides. The polarization beam splitter has high TE to TM extinction ratio, low excess loss and wide operation bandwidth. The simple fabrication method involves only single etch step.
The U.S. Department of Energy {sup 252}Cf program (2000)

Soon after the discovery of the {sup 252}Cf radioisotope in 1952, researchers realized its potential as a spontaneous source of neutrons. Under the guidance of the Atomic Energy Commission, the Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) undertook an ambitious market evaluation and source fabrication program in the 1960s. Routine production of {sup 252}Cf was initiated at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), initially from plutonium oxide target rods and ultimately from more productive recycle curium oxide target rods. The {sup 252}Cf radioisotope was then shipped to SRL for incorporation into a variety of SRL-designed sources for industrial, medical, and research applications. ORNL independently developed another line of sources, primarily for research applications. Industrial source fabrication operations were consolidated at ORNL in 1986. In 1992, SRL fabricated its last {sup 252}Cf sources. Today, most of the world's supply of {sup 252}Cf is processed, purified, and encapsulated for shipment at the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC) of ORNL.
Polylactide latex/nanofibrillated cellulose bionanocomposites of high nanofibrillated cellulose content and nanopaper network structure prepared by a papermaking route (2012)

Abstract Previous attempts to use polylactide (PLA) latex particles and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) in papermaking processing have been limited to low NFC content. In the present study, a bionanocomposite material was successfully produced using a PLA latex and NFC. The components were mixed using a wet mixing method and bionanocomposite films were made by filtration followed by hot pressing. In composite materials, the dispersion of the reinforcing component in the matrix is critical for the material properties. Biopolymers such as PLA are non‐polar and soluble only in organic solvents; NFC is, however, highly hydrophilic. By utilizing latex, i.e., an aqueous dispersion of biopolymer micro‐particles, wet mixing is possible and the problem of aggregation of the hydrophilic nanocellulose in organic solvent is avoided. The properties of the resulting NFC/PLA latex bionanocomposite films were analyzed. Thorough blending resulted in good dispersion of the reinforcing component within the matrix. Adding increasing amounts of NFC improved the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and strain at break of the bionanocomposite material. The increase in the tensile properties was linear with increasing NFC content as a result of the good dispersion. The NFC also improved the thermal stability of the bionanocomposite material. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Generation of Dark and Bright Spin Wave Envelope Soliton Trains through Self-Modulational Instability in Magnetic Films (2004)

The generation of dark spin wave envelope soliton trains from a continuous wave input signal due to spontaneous modulational instability has been observed for the first time. The dark soliton trains were formed from high dispersion dipole-exchange spin waves propagated in a thin yttrium iron garnet film with pinned surface spins at frequencies situated near the dipole gaps in the dipole-exchange spin wave spectrum. Dark and bright soliton trains were generated for one and the same film through placement of the input carrier frequency in regions of negative and positive dispersion, respectively. Two unreported effects in soliton dynamics, hysteresis and period doubling, were also observed.
Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1 after administration of LPS in Adult Cows. (1997)

This study examined the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and plasma cortisol levels in adult cows after intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from Escherichia coli. The adult cows exhibited clinical signs of endotoxic shock. The mean concentrations of serum TNF was 557.9 U/ml and serum IL-1 was 90.6 U/ml at 2 hr after LPS administration following severe endotoxic shock. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased immediately and a peak level was 131.4 ng/ml at 1 hr after LPS challenge. These results suggested that circulating concentrations of TNF, IL-1, and cortisol may be associated with clinical signs of endotoxemia in adult cows.
Optimal binary phase codes and sidelobe-free decoding filters with application to incoherent scatter radar (2004)

Abstract. This paper presents binary phase codes and corresponding decoding filters which are optimal in the sense that they produce no sidelobes and they maximise the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR henceforth). The search is made by investigating all possible binary phase codes with a given length. After selecting the code, the first step is to find a filter which produces no sidelobes. This is possible for all codes with no zeros in the frequency domain, and it turns out that most codes satisfy this requirement. An example of a code which cannot be decoded in this way is a code with a single phase, i.e. a long pulse. The second step is to investigate the SNR performance of the codes. Then the optimal code of a given length is the one with the highest SNR at the filter output. All codes with lengths of 3–25 bits were studied, which means investigating 33554428 binary phase codes. It turns out that all Barker codes except the 11-bit code are optimal in the above sense. It is well known that the performance of matched-filter decoding of Barker codes is better than decoding without sidelobes. In the case of the 7-bit Barker code, it is shown here that the SNR given by sidelobe-free decoding is nearly 30% worse than that of standard decoding, but for the 13-bit code sidelobe-free decoding is only about 5% worse. The deterioration of SNR should be evaluated against the benefits gained in disposing of the sidelobes, which, even for the 13-bit code, contribute by 7.1% to the total signal power from a homogeneous target. Thus, regions of weak scattering can be contaminated by the sidelobes from neighbouring layers of strong scattering, causing broadening of thin spatial structures and giving a lower spatial resolution than implied by the bit length. A practical example is shown where sidelobes mask a weak signal when the standard matched filter is used in the analysis. An improvement is achieved when sidelobe-free filtering is carried out.Key words. Radio science (ionospheric physics; signal processing; instruments and techniques)
CD11/CD18-independent transendothelial migration of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes: involvement of distinct and unique mechanisms (1995)

Monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) migrate across cytokine (interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor) activated endothelium or unstimulated endothelium in response to chemotactic factors in vitro and in vivo utilizing the CD11/CD18 (i.e., beta 2 integrin) adhesion molecule complex. However, in vivo studies have suggested that under some conditions and/or in certain tissues, leukocyte migration can also proceed via CD11/CD18-independent mechanisms. Here we compared adhesion mechanisms involved in the migration of 51Cr-labeled blood monocytes and PMNLs across human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVE) monolayers. We observed that monocyte transendothelial migration was not inhibited by monoclonal antibody (mAb) to CD18, when the HUVE was activated with IL-1 and the chemotactic factor C5a induced the migration. This CD18-independent monocyte migration was blocked by treatment of the monocyte with mAb to beta 1 or alpha 4 integrin, suggesting that very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4) on the monocyte served as the alternative migration mechanism. In contrast to monocytes, mAb to CD18 inhibited PMNL migration to C5a across IL-1-activated HUVE, but only by 66%, significantly less than with C5a alone (84%) or IL-1-activated HUVE alone (95%). The migration of anti-CD18 mAb-treated PMNLs was not inhibited by function-blocking mAbs to sialyl Lewisx, L-selectin, beta 1 or alpha 4 integrin, the beta 3-related leukocyte response integrin, IL-8, or platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonists, alone or in combination. Antibody-blocking studies of the ligands on HUVE indicated that E-selectin may be partially involved in this CD18-independent PMNL migration but that ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, and P-selectin are not involved. Of several chemotactic factors tested, C5a and C5adesArg in activated plasma were the most active in inducing CD18-independent migration of PMNLs across IL-1-activated HUVE. These results demonstrate that (1) monocytes can utilize VLA-4 for optimal transendothelial migration and (2) PMNLs may have a novel CD18-independent migration mechanism that is activated by C5a in conjunction with one or more ligands on cytokine-activated endothelium. This may involve, in part, E-selectin interacting with a yet to be identified counterreceptor on PMNLs.
Directly Infected Resting CD4+T Cells Can Produce HIV Gag without Spreading Infection in a Model of HIV Latency (2012)

Despite the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in treating individuals infected with HIV, HAART is not a cure. A latent reservoir, composed mainly of resting CD4+T cells, drives viral rebound once therapy is stopped. Understanding the formation and maintenance of latently infected cells could provide clues to eradicating this reservoir. However, there have been discrepancies regarding the susceptibility of resting cells to HIV infection in vitro and in vivo. As we have previously shown that resting CD4+T cells are susceptible to HIV integration, we asked whether these cells were capable of producing viral proteins and if so, why resting cells were incapable of supporting productive infection. To answer this question, we spinoculated resting CD4+T cells with or without prior stimulation, and measured integration, transcription, and translation of viral proteins. We found that resting cells were capable of producing HIV Gag without supporting spreading infection. This block corresponded with low HIV envelope levels both at the level of protein and RNA and was not an artifact of spinoculation. The defect was reversed upon stimulation with IL-7 or CD3/28 beads. Thus, a population of latent cells can produce viral proteins without resulting in spreading infection. These results have implications for therapies targeting the latent reservoir and suggest that some latent cells could be cleared by a robust immune response.
An analysis of the MPSK scheme with differential recursive detection (DRD) (2002)

A differential recursive detection (DRD) technique for multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) is proposed, and its performance is analyzed and computer simulated. By combining the multiple-symbol differential detection algorithm with conventional (one-symbol) differential detection, based on maximum-likelihood estimation for a multisymbol observation interval, it is possible to construct a recursive algorithm with a much simpler structure and comparable performance in error rate. Results from computer simulation show 1.25 dB, 2 dB, and 2.55 dB gain over conventional differential detection for the input symbol sequence length of N=3, 5, and 10, respectively, at a bit error rate of 10/sup -5/ in additive white Gaussian noise. For N of more than 10, the performance of DRD is close to that of ideal coherent detection for the differentially encoded signal.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chemistry of sulfoxides and related compounds. XXVIII. Nucleophilic methylene transfer reagents. Anions of N-p-toluenesulfonyl sulfoximines (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of sulfoxides and related compounds. XXVIII. Nucleophilic methylene transfer reagents. Anions of N-p-toluenesulfonyl sulfoximinesCarl Randolph Johnson and Gerard F. KatekarCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 19, 5753–5754Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00722a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00722a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Monitoring of the Sol‐Gel Synthesis of Organic‐inorganic Hybrids by FTIR Transmission, FTIR/ATR, NIR and Raman Spectroscopy (2008)

Abstract Summary: The sol‐gel synthesis of organic‐inorganic hybrids based on triethoxysilane‐ terminated poly(ethylene oxide) and tetraethylorthosilicate was monitored in‐situ using three spectroscopic methods (FTIR/ATR, Raman, NIR). These spectroscopic methods allow in‐situ monitoring of the evolution of hybrid materials starting from the modification of the polymer and the early steps of hydrolysis up to the network formation. By application of 29 Si solid‐state NMR spectroscopy the assignment and quantification of the Raman bands to different end groups and different cross‐linking states was made. The sol‐gel reaction was also followed by in‐line NIR spectroscopy. A multivariate data analysis was accomplished to obtain a conversion‐time curve. Furthermore, we investigated spin‐coated films on wafers using FTIR transmission spectroscopy.
Hot-swapping communication models in P2P networks (2004)

Nowadays, an increasing number of communication protocols is available for peers to exchange information. As fast evolving environments seem to be the norm with peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, this communication layer needs to evolve dynamically. In this article, we propose a model for integrating and swapping several communication protocols at runtime in a transparent way for user defined code. As a first step, we take a look at how the inter-peer communication layer should be built in P2P platforms, in order to allow the hot-swap of communication protocols. In a second step we report our experiences in building such a communication infrastructure.
Guanidines with Antihypertensive Activity (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGuanidines with Antihypertensive ActivityROBERT P. MULL, MARY E. EGBERT, and MARY R. DAPEROCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 11, 1953–1956Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01081a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01081a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Proteomic analysis identifies MMP-9, DJ-1 and A1BG as overexpressed proteins in pancreatic juice from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (2008)

The present proteome analysis revealed MMP-9, DJ-1 and A1BG proteins as elevated in pancreatic juice from PDAC, which suggest their further utility in PDAC diagnosis and screening. This is the first time A1BG was identified as a potential biomarker in pancreatic cancer associated samples. The measurement of serum MMP-9 might be clinically useful for PDAC diagnosis.
Multicore fiber for optical interconnect applications (2012)

We propose multicore fibers with linear array configurations for optical interconnect applications. We discuss fiber design considerations and present actual 1×4 and 2×4 fiber results.
A study on the influence of both drinking and smoking habits to a nutritional state of a whole body. (1990)

柳井市周辺の年令が40才以上, 79才以下の男性246例を対象として, 飲酒習慣の疫学調査を行なった。これを次のような6群に分類して, 比較検討した。第1群: 1日飲酒量1合未満, 喫煙量10本未満群 (56例), 第2群: 1日飲酒量1合, 喫煙量10本未満群 (39例), 第3群: 1日飲酒量2合以上, 喫煙量10本未満群 (36例), 第4群: 1日飲酒量1合未満, 喫煙量10本以上群 (36例), 第5群: 1日飲酒量1合, 喫煙量10本以上群 (23例), 第6群: 1日飲酒量2合以上, 喫煙量10本以上群 (56例)。第1群を対照群として第4, 5, 6群との比較検討を行なった。その結果, 肥満度と血清総蛋白濃度が第5群と第6群で有意に低下していた。しかし, 第4群では有意差のある項目は皆無であった。このように飲酒と喫煙の同時習慣は, 全身的な栄養状態を抑制する方向に作用する。
Determination of the composition and sequence of a glucan containing mixed linkages by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of the composition and sequence of a glucan containing mixed linkages by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonanceH. J. Jennings and Ian C. P. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 2, 606–608Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00783a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00783a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts