gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Synthetic Versus Natural Human Volatiles as Attractants for<i>Anopheles gambiae</i>(Diptera: Culicidae) Sensu Stricto : Table 1 (2010)

Females of the African malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto, use human volatiles to find their blood-host. Previous work has shown that ammonia, lactic acid, and aliphatic carboxylic acids significantly affect host orientation and attraction of this species. In the current study, these compounds were tested for their attractiveness relative to human emanations in vivo and in vitro. Emanations from a human hand, incubated sweat, and foot skin residues on a nylon sock were significantly attractive when tested against clean air. In a dual-choice test, foot skin residues were significantly more attractive than emanations from a human hand in vivo. Ammonia alone attracted more mosquitoes than fresh or incubated sweat. However, the odor of a human hand or of foot skin residues were more attractive than ammonia. A known attractive blend of ammonia with lactic acid and carboxylic acids was less effective than natural foot odorants. The results demonstrate that the synthetic blend based on skin odor is attractive for An. gambiae, but that in a choice situation in vitro natural skin odors are still preferred by the mosquito. Differences in volatile organic compound abundances between a worn sock and the synthetic blend may have resulted in stronger attraction to the sock. This suggests that candidate attractants should be evaluated with consideration of the strength of natural odorant sources. The data furthermore suggest that additional unidentified compounds from the human foot are involved in the host-seeking behavior of this mosquito species.
Long non-coding RNA GAS5 controls human embryonic stem cell self-renewal by maintaining NODAL signalling (2016)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known players in the regulatory circuitry of the self-renewal in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). However, most hESC-specific lncRNAs remain uncharacterized. Here we demonstrate that growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), a known tumour suppressor and growth arrest-related lncRNA, is highly expressed and directly regulated by pluripotency factors OCT4 and SOX2 in hESCs. Phenotypic analysis shows that GAS5 knockdown significantly impairs hESC self-renewal, but its overexpression significantly promotes hESC self-renewal. Using RNA sequencing and functional analysis, we demonstrate that GAS5 maintains NODAL signalling by protecting NODAL expression from miRNA-mediated degradation. Therefore, we propose that the above pluripotency factors, GAS5 and NODAL form a feed-forward signalling loop that maintains hESC self-renewal. As this regulatory function of GAS5 is stem cell specific, our findings also indicate that the functions of lncRNAs may vary in different cell types due to competing endogenous mechanisms.
A Characterization of Wikipedia Content Based on Motifs in the Edit Graph (2011)

Wikipedia works because of the many eyes idea. Good Wikipedia pages are authoritative sources because a number of knowledgeable contributors have collaborated to produce an authoritative article on a topic. In this paper we explore the hypothesis that the extent to which the many eyes idea is true for a specific article can be assessed by looking at the edit graph associated with that article, i.e. the network of contributors and articles. As a first step in this direction we show that different parts of Wikipedia have very different edit graph motif profiles. We show that articles on sociologists (a well-curated part of Wikipedia) are very different to articles on footballers in the English Premiership.
A Workload-Adaptive and Reconfigurable Bus Architecture for Multicore Processors (2010)

Interconnection networks for multicore processors are traditionally designed to serve a diversity of workloads. However, different workloads or even different execution phases of the same workload may benefit from different interconnect configurations. In this paper, we first motivate the need for workload-adaptive interconnection networks. Subsequently, we describe an interconnection network framework based on reconfigurable switches for use in medium-scale (up to 32 cores) shared memory multicore processors. Our cost-effective reconfigurable interconnection network is implemented on a traditional shared bus interconnect with snoopy-based coherence, and it enables improved multicore performance. The proposed interconnect architecture distributes the cores of the processor into clusters with reconfigurable logic between clusters to support workload-adaptive policies for inter-cluster communication. Our interconnection scheme is complemented by interconnect-aware scheduling and additional interconnect optimizations which help boost the performance of multiprogramming and multithreaded workloads. We provide experimental results that show that the overall throughput of multiprogramming workloads (consisting of two and four programs) can be improved by up to 60% with our configurable bus architecture. Similar gains can be achieved also for multithreaded applications as shown by further experiments. Finally, we present the performance sensitivity of the proposed interconnect architecture on shared memory bandwidth availability.
Production of Photocurrent due to Intermediate-to-Conduction-Band Transitions: A Demonstration of a Key Operating Principle of the Intermediate-Band Solar Cell (2006)

We present intermediate-band solar cells manufactured using quantum dot technology that show for the first time the production of photocurrent when two sub-band-gap energy photons are absorbed simultaneously. One photon produces an optical transition from the intermediate-band to the conduction band while the second pumps an electron from the valence band to the intermediate-band. The detection of this two-photon absorption process is essential to verify the principles of operation of the intermediate-band solar cell. The phenomenon is the cornerstone physical principle that ultimately allows the production of photocurrent in a solar cell by below band gap photon absorption, without degradation of its output voltage.
Laboratory Practice of First Year College Chemistry (Quam, G. N.) (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTLaboratory Practice of First Year College Chemistry (Quam, G. N.)Lothrop Smith Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1938, 15, 2, 100Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1938Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 February 1938Published inissue 1 February 1938https://doi.org/10.1021/ed015p100.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (877 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Signaling from Integrins to Fyn to Rho Family GTPases Regulates Morphologic Differentiation of Oligodendrocytes (2004)

Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells requires activation of the Src family kinase Fyn. The signals that are upstream and downstream of Fyn in oligodendrocytes remain essentially unknown. Here we show that extracellular matrix engagement regulates the morphology of oligodendrocytes and activates Fyn. Infection of primary oligodendrocyte cultures with recombinant adenovirus revealed that expression of Fyn or its downstream target p190RhoGAP induced process extension. This phenotypic change was not observed when kinase-inactive Fyn or GAP-defective p190 mutants were expressed. Because Rho family proteins are regulated by p190, we monitored the effects of introducing dominant-negative (DN) or constitutively activated (CA) versions of Rho, Rac1, or Cdc42 into primary oligodendrocyte cultures. Expression of DN Rho, CA Rac1, or CA Cdc42 induced outgrowth of oligodendrocyte processes, whereas introduction of CA Rho, DN Rac1, or DN cdc42 inhibited oligodendrocyte differentiation, indicating that Rho and Cdc42-Rac1 exert opposing effects on oligodendrocyte differentiation. Direct measurement of Rho family activity revealed that RhoA was downregulated, and Cdc42 and Rac1 were upregulated during differentiation of primary oligodendrocytes. Moreover, inhibition of integrin engagement or of Fyn activation blocked activation of Rac1 and cdc42 as well as myelin basic protein expression. Taken together, these results suggest a linear signal transduction pathway of integrin-Fyn-Rho family GTPases that controls morphologic differentiation of oligodendrocytes.
Simultaneous Determination of Water and Oil in Oil Sludge by Low-Field <sup>1</sup>H NMR Relaxometry and Chemometrics (2013)

In the process of oil sludge treatment, water and oil contents are of particular interest. In this study, the performance of a rapid, accurate analysis of water and oil in oil sludge through low-field 1H NMR relaxometry, followed by using partial least-squares (PLS) regression models, is reported. In total, 13 oil sludge samples collected from the Hangzhou petroleum refinery are analyzed. Calibration models are developed by PLS regression with full cross-validation on the data obtained using azeotropic distillation by the Dean–Stark method as a reference. The results indicate that calibration is satisfactory (Rcal2 > 0.99) for both water and oil, when using the raw magnetization decay data for PLS regression; the root mean squared errors of cross-validation (RMSECV) are 0.78% and 0.82% for water and oil, respectively. This shows that low-field 1H NMR relaxometry is a rapid, reliable, nondestructive, and solvent free alternative for determining the water and oil contents of oil sludge.
Expression of Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Porcine Muscles Determined by Multiplex PCR (1999)

ABSTRACT A cDNA sequence of 5′‐terminal region of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform 2x was determined. Based on this and published sequences, the procedure of reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) employing a multiplex PCR technique was developed to analyze the expression patterns of MHC isoforms in porcine muscles. All four MHC isoforms in postnatal porcine muscles could be analyzed by this method and showed different expression patterns according to the porcine muscle types. The procedure developed in this study would be very useful to elucidate the relationships between meat quality and MHC isoform composition.
Helen and Shulamith. (1960)

Journal Article Alter Abelson: Helen and Shulamith Get access Helen and Shulamith. By Alter Abelson. New York: Whittier Books, Inc., 1959. Pp. [viii] + 247. $5.00. Albert Howard Carter Albert Howard Carter Florida Presbyterian College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 11, Issue 3, Summer 1960, Pages 376–377, https://doi.org/10.2307/2867310 Published: 01 July 1960
Antioxidant Properties of Several Medicinal Mushrooms (2002)

Three species of medicinal mushrooms are commercially available in Taiwan, namely, Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-chih), Ganoderma tsugae (Sung-shan-ling-chih), and Coriolus versicolor (Yun-chih). Methanolic extracts were prepared from these medicinal mushrooms and their antioxidant properties studied. At 0.6 mg/mL, G. lucidum, G. lucidum antler, and G. tsugae showed an excellent antioxidant activity (2.30-6.41% of lipid peroxidation), whereas C. versicolor showed only 58.56%. At 4 mg/mL, reducing powers were in the order G. tsugae (2.38) approximately G. lucidum antler (2.28) > G. lucidum (1.62) > C. versicolor (0.79). At 0.64 mg/mL, scavenging effects on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical were 67.6-74.4% for Ganoderma and 24.6% for C. versicolor. The scavenging effect of methanolic extracts from G. lucidum and G. lucidum antler on hydroxyl radical was the highest (51.2 and 52.6%) at 16 mg/mL, respectively. At 2.4 mg/mL, chelating effects on ferrous ion were in the order G. lucidum antler (67.7%) > G. lucidum (55.5%) > G. tsugae (44.8%) > C. versicolor (13.2%). Total phenols were the major naturally occurring antioxidant components found in methanolic extracts from medicinal mushrooms. Overall, G. lucidum and G. tsugae were higher in antioxidant activity, reducing power, scavenging and chelating abilities, and total phenol content.
Radio Telephony (1919)

This paper is divided into two parts. The first part describes the development of the art of radio telephony by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company and the Western Electric Company to the accomplishment of Trans-Atlantic telephony, followed by demonstrations of the use of radio telephony between ships and of methods of connecting radio and wire telephone systems. This first part covers work principally of an engineering research nature, the most important problems being the development of systems of generation, modulation, transmission and reception of radio telephone signals. The second part is concerned almost entirely with the work of producing radio telephone and allied apparatus for the Army and Navy in the late war. The major problem of the second part was the design of light and compact sets which could be produced rapidly and in large numbers, for the main features of the generating, modulating and receiving systems were already well understood.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study of a potassium channel blocker in patients with septic shock* (2006)

The K(ATP) channel blocker glibenclamide failed to achieve a greater reduction in norepinephrine dose than placebo in septic shock patients, although it caused a reduced glucose concentration. Our observations suggest that, in such patients, blockade of K(ATP) channels does not have a potent effect on vasomotor tone.
A smart 6-DOF load cell development (2002)

A smart 6-DOF load cell is developed which uses an array of ICP® strain gages with piezo-electric sensing elements. Since the strain gage transducers have multiple-pin connectors, Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS) can be used to identify each sensing element, thereby simplifying the cabling and eliminating channel identification errors. The TEDS of each strain gage also stores a single weighting value and a 6-element calibration factor. The weighting value is either 0 or 1, indicating the operational status of the sensor. The 6-element calibration factor converts the output of the sensor to its contribution to the 6-DOF force estimate. The result is a fault-tolerant smart 6-DOF load cell. The load cell has been developed primarily for measuring 6-DOF impedance functions. Two case histories are presented to verify the load cell. The first is estimating rigid body inertia properties of a laboratory test structure. The second is the development of an impedance model of a standard laboratory test structure.
Imaging correlates of decreased axonal Na <sup>+</sup> /K <sup>+</sup> ATPase in chronic multiple sclerosis lesions (2008)

Chronically demyelinated axons that lack Na+/K+ ATPase cannot exchange axoplasmic Na+ for K+ and are incapable of nerve transmission. Loss of axonal Na+/K+ ATPase is likely to be a major contributor to continuous neurological decline in chronic stages of MS, and quantitative magnetization transfer ratios and T1 contrast ratios may provide a noninvasive surrogate marker for monitoring this loss in MS patients.
Complete optical stack modeling for CMOS-based medical x-ray detectors (2015)

We have developed a simulation tool for modeling the performance of CMOS-based medical x-ray detectors, based on the Monte Carlo toolkit GEANT4. Following the Fujita-Lubberts-Swank approach recently reported by Star-Lack et al., we calculate modulation transfer function MTF(<i>f</i>), noise power spectrum NPS(<i>f</i>) and detective quantum efficiency DQE(<i>f</i>) curves. The complete optical stack is modeled, including scintillator, fiber optic plate (FOP), optical adhesive and CMOS image sensor. For critical parts of the stack, detailed models have been developed, taking into account their respective microstructure. This includes two different scintillator types: Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Tb (GOS) and CsI:Tl. The granular structure of the former is modeled using anisotropic Mie scattering. The columnar structure of the latter is introduced into calculations directly, using the parameterization capabilities of GEANT4. The underlying homogeneous CsI layer is also incorporated into the model as well as the optional reflective layer on top of the scintillator screen or the protective polymer top coat. The FOP is modeled as an array of hexagonal bundles of fibers. The simulated CMOS stack consists of layers of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> on top of a silicon pixel array. The model is validated against measurements of various test detector structures, using different x-ray spectra (RQA5 and RQA-M2), showing good match between calculated and measured MTF(<i>f</i>) and DQE(<i>f</i>) curves.
<i>S</i>-Methylmethionine Plays a Major Role in Phloem Sulfur Transport and Is Synthesized by a Novel Type of Methyltransferase (1999)

All flowering plants produce S-methylmethionine (SMM) from Met and have a separate mechanism to convert SMM back to Met. The functions of SMM and the reasons for its interconversion with Met are not known. In this study, by using the aphid stylet collection method together with mass spectral and radiolabeling analyses, we established that l-SMM is a major constituent of the phloem sap moving to wheat ears. The SMM level in the phloem ( approximately 2% of free amino acids) was 1.5-fold that of glutathione, indicating that SMM could contribute approximately half the sulfur needed for grain protein synthesis. Similarly, l-SMM was a prominently labeled product in phloem exudates obtained by EDTA treatment of detached leaves from plants of the Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Cucurbitaceae that were given l-(35)S-Met. cDNA clones for the enzyme that catalyzes SMM synthesis (S-adenosylMet:Met S-methyltransferase; EC 2.1.1.12) were isolated from Wollastonia biflora, maize, and Arabidopsis. The deduced amino acid sequences revealed the expected methyltransferase domain ( approximately 300 residues at the N terminus), plus an 800-residue C-terminal region sharing significant similarity with aminotransferases and other pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. These results indicate that SMM has a previously unrecognized but often major role in sulfur transport in flowering plants and that evolution of SMM synthesis in this group involved a gene fusion event. The resulting bipartite enzyme is unlike any other known methyltransferase.
The scream of life itself? (2010)

Responding to Men in Crisis is based on new research looking at gendered assumptions about rationality and men's mental health. It looks at postmodern theory in relation to masculinities and madness, and discusses key contemporary debates in political uses of risk, dangerousness and so on. The author relates this to a discussion of current policy and practice responses to men within the mental health system. It offers the reader a theoretical exploration of a topically and politically sensitive issues and is relevant to service user involvement and survivor movements, making it essential reading for academics and students of sociology and allied disciplines.
Syntheses and reactions of the first dithia[3.1.3.1]metacyclophanes, [2.1.2.1]metacyclophanes, and [2.1.2.1]metacyclophanedienes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses and reactions of the first dithia[3.1.3.1]metacyclophanes, [2.1.2.1]metacyclophanes, and [2.1.2.1]metacyclophanedienesReginald H. Mitchell and Yee Hing LaiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 14, 2534–2540Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00188a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00188a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views436Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ultra violet imager system (1986)

Princeton Scientific Instruments, Inc., has developed for the Air Force Geophysical Laboratory, AFGL, an Ultraviolet Imager to measure the spatial distribution of the UV radiation of missiles. An f/2.8, 200 mm focal length Cassigrain telescope optic is followed by a filter wheel containing 5 narrow band UV filters. The optical image is focused onto a 25 mm diameter micro channel plate (MCP) image intensifier having a solar blind Cs2Te photocathode. Photoelectrons from the photocathode are proximity focused onto the MCP and the MCP output electrons are proximity focused onto a P-20 phosphor. A 17 mm f/0.95 lens relays the d25 mm diameter phosphor image onto a CCD interline transfer type solid state image television camera. The television camera output is recorded by a video 3/4 inch magnetic tape cassette recorder and displayed on a 9 inch television monitor. The UV Imager exposure time can be varied by electronically shuttering the image intensifier from 1 ms to 33 ms, the television camera frame rate. Exposure times, filter wheel position and date are superimposed on the bottom of the video image.
A CMOS optical preamplifier for wireless infrared communications (1999)

This paper describes a CMOS optical preamplifier suitable for infrared wireless data communications. The preamplifier consists of a differential CMOS variable-gain transimpedance amplifier embedded in a larger feedback loop used to reject photocurrents generated by ambient light. Fabricated in a commercial 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process, the preamplifier consumes 8 mW at 3 V, and provides 70 MHz bandwidth over a 77-dB dynamic range with a maximum transimpedance gain of 19 k/spl Omega/. The bandwidth is controlled within a factor of two over a 31-dB variation in gain.
Structural and Rheological Study of a Bis-urea Based Reversible Polymer in an Apolar Solvent (2002)

The structure of a bis-urea based reversible polymer is investigated using capillary viscosimetry, infrared spectroscopy, small-angle neutron scattering, and rheology. The highly viscoelastic solutions obtained in toluene are due to the formation of long and rigid fibrillar species. The cross section of these wires is measured and is shown to likely contain two or three molecules per axial repetition unit.