gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct synthesis of thio ethers from thiols and alcohols (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect synthesis of thio ethers from thiols and alcoholsYvan Guindon, Richard Frenette, Rejean Fortin, and Joshua RokachCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 8, 1357–1359Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00156a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00156a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1397Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists (2001)

Preface 1 Introduction 2 Basic Statistics 3 Prediction and Interpolation 4 Characterizing Spatial Processes: The Covariance and Variogram 5 Modelling the Variogram 6 Reliability of the Experimental Variogram and Nested Sampling 7 Spectral Analysis 8 Local Estimation or Prediction: Kriging 9 Kriging in the Presence of Trend and Factorial Kriging 10 Cross-Correlation, Coregionalization and Cokriging 11 Disjunctive Kriging 12 Stochastic Simulation (new file) Appendix A Appendix B References Index
Evolution of Human Longevity and the Genetic Complexity Governing Aging Rate (1975)

Genetic complexity of processes governing the aging rate of man was estimated by determining the maximum rate lifespan has evolved along the hominid ancestral-descendant sequence. Maximum lifespan potential was found to have increased approximately 2-fold over the past 3 million years, reaching a maximum rate of increase of 14 years per 100,000 years about 100,000 years ago. It is estimated that about 0.6% of the total functional genes have received substitutions leading to one or more adaptive amino acid changes during this 100,000-year time-period. This suggests that aging is not the result of an expression of a large number of independently acting processes. Instead, primary aging processes appear to exist where only a few genetic changes are necessary to decrease uniformly the aging rate of many different physiological functions.
Development of a heat balance procedure for calculating cooling loads (1997)

This paper presents a complete formulation of the heat balance method in a form that is suited to calculating cooling loads. The method was developed under ASHRAE research project RP-875, sponsored by TC 4.1. The modeling assumptions inherent in the heat balance method are presented, and a general model capable of representing the features of diverse building spaces is developed as the basis for the method. The mathematical foundation of the method is presented along with a pseudo-code description of the solution technique. Examples showing the use of the method are included.
Faster and improved microchip electrophoresis using a capillary bundle (2007)

Joule heating generated in CE microchips is known to affect temperature gradient, electrophoretic mobility, diffusion of analytes, and ultimately the efficiency and reproducibility of the separation. One way of reducing the effect of Joule heating is to decrease the cross-section area of microchannels. Currently, due to the limit of fabrication technique and detection apparatus, the typical dimensions of CE microchannels are in the range of 50-200 microm. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of performing microchip CE in a bundle of extremely narrow channels by using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as separation column. The PCF was simply encapsulated in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microchannel right after a T-shaped injector. CE was simultaneously but independently carried out in 54 narrow capillaries, each capillary with diameter of 3.7 microm. The capillary bundle could sustain high electric field strength up to 1000 V/cm due to efficient heat dissipation, thus faster and enhanced separation was attained.
Protection against pulmonary O2 toxicity by N-acetylcysteine (1989)

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a known antioxidant. We therefore investigated NAC as an agent protective against O2 toxicity in the lung. Twelve dogs were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and ventilated with 100% O2 for 54 h. Five were given diluent and 7 intravenous NAC (loading dose prior to 100% O2 ventilation of 150 mg.kg-1 and maintenance dose of 20 mg.kg-1.h-1). Every 6 h, physiological evaluation of the pulmonary circulation, mechanical properties, and gas exchange was performed. Post-mortem evaluation consisted of gross examination and weighing followed by light and electron microscopy. By both functional and structural criteria, NAC protected against the effects of 100% O2. The NAC group developed significantly less increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) and lung wet weight, while dynamic compliance was greater. NAC also delayed the development of abnormal ventilation-perfusion relationships and was associated with reduced pulmonary white cell accumulation, with less evidence of alveolar and interstitial oedema. NAC may well be worthy of evaluation as a therapeutic agent in human diseases characterized by oxidant damage.
Rotating Camera Based on Speaker voice (2013)

In this paper, we have introduced a whole new ideaof video conferencing which has become increasingly widespread in the workplace. Currently , recording an important meeting under usual circumstances a person is hired to record the entire process of meeting, where issues of cost, convenience and security arises. A camera can also be installed at the edge of the conference room in order to capture all the employees and their conversation on the screen. Both the process force people to face in the direction of recording, which makes communication awkward. We have designed a system, to be placed of the centre of the table and uses microphones to locate the speaker and turns the camera to face them so that the emphasis is on the person currently speaking.
Health Consequences of Aircraft Noise (2008)

Based on recent epidemiological studies, outdoor noise limits of 60 dB(A) in the daytime and 50 dB(A) at night can be recommended on grounds of health protection. Hence, maximum values of 55 dB(A) for the day and 45 dB(A) for the night should be aimed for in order to protect the more sensitive segments of the population such as children, the elderly, and the chronically ill. These values are 5 to 10 dB(A) lower than those specified by the German federal law on aircraft noise and in the report "synopsis" commissioned by the company that runs Frankfurt airport (Fraport).
Purified Bovine BMP Extract and Collagen for Spine Arthrodesis (2002)

bBMPx product is safe and effective as an autograft substitute for posterolateral intertransverse process spinal fusion. Clinical studies are underway.
Influence of Source and Amount of Dietary Protein on Milk Yield by Cows in Early Lactation (1996)

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of various amounts of CP and RUP on AA flow to the small intestine and milk yield of lactating dairy cows. The first trial was a 5 x 5 Latin square design using five ruminally and duodenally cannulated multiparous cows. Diets contained chopped alfalfa hay, corn silage, high moisture corn, solvent-extracted soybean meal, and specially processed soybean meal (60.2% RUP). Soybean meal replaced high moisture corn to increase dietary CP from 14.5 to 16.5 or 18.5%, and specially processed soybean meal replaced solvent-extracted soybean meal in diets containing 16.5 or 18.5% CP to provide 6.2, 7.3, 6.7, and 8.3% RUP. Increasing dietary CP increased the flows of all AA to the duodenum. Increasing dietary RUP increased flows of Arg, His, Lys, Phe, Asp, and Glu to the duodenum. In a second trial, 36 cows were fed diets similar to those used in trial 1. Increased amounts of RUP in diets tended to increase milk yield because of improved protein status, improved intake of metabolizable energy, or both.
A 3.3-V 12-b 50-MS/s A/D converter in 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS with over 80-dB SFDR (2000)

A 12-b analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is optimized for spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) performance at low supply voltage and suitable for use in modern wireless base stations. The 6-7-b two-stage pipeline ADC uses a bootstrap circuit to linearize the sampling switch of an on-chip sample-and-hold (S/H) and achieves over 80-dB SFDR for signal frequencies up to 75 MHz at 50 MSample/s (MSPS) without trimming, calibration, or dithering. INL is 1.3 LSB, differential nonlinearity (DNL) is 0.8 LSB. The 6-b and 7-b flash sub-ADCs are implemented efficiently using offset averaging and analog folding. In 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS, the 16-mm/sup 2/ ADC dissipates 850 mW.
Differential semblance velocity analysis via shot profile migration (2005)

Shot profile migration provides a convenient framework for implementation of a differential semblance algorithm for estimation of complex, strongly refracting velocity fields. The objective function minimized in this algorithm may measure either focussing of the image in offset or flatness of the image in (scattering) angle. The gradient of this objective is a by‐product of a depth marching scheme, an requires a few extra computations beyond those necessary to produce the prestack data volume. A strongly refracting 2D synthetic data example illustrates the excellent image quality obtainable from model‐consistent data. Offset and angle variants behave differently, with more rapid convergence for the offset variant, underlining the importance of a mathematically well posed formulation: in 2D, the angle variant is much less well‐conditioned than the offset variant.
Intramolecular catalysis of acylation and deacylation in peptides containing cysteine and histidine (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular catalysis of acylation and deacylation in peptides containing cysteine and histidineMichael J. Heller, Joseph A. Walder, and Irving M. KlotzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 8, 2780–2785Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00450a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00450a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Persistence of Antibodies to Influenza Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Following One or Two Years of Influenza Vaccination (2015)

Antibody titers to influenza HA and NA antigens may persist over multiple seasons; however, antigenic drift of circulating viruses may still necessitate annual vaccination. Vaccine seroresponse may be impaired with repeated vaccination.
SP‐22 is a Thioredoxin‐Dependent Peroxide Reductase in Mitochondria (1997)

SP-22 is a mitochondrial antioxidant protein in bovine adrenal cortex. The protein is homologous to thioredoxin peroxidase and other antioxidant proteins. It protects radical-sensitive enzymes from oxidative damage by a radical-generating system (Fe2+/dithiothreitol) in the presence of a small amount of serum. In this study we purified a second mitochondrial protein with Mr 11,777, which cooperates with SP-22 to protect glutamine synthetase and other proteins from Fe2+/dithiothreitol-mediated damage. Without SP-22, the protein had no protecting activity. We determined amino acid and nucleotide sequences of the protein and its cDNA, respectively, and found that it was a protein of the thioredoxin family. The protein, designated as mt-Trx (mitochondrial thioredoxin), had a presequence composed of 59 amino acids that seemed to be a mitochondrial targeting signal. Mitochondrial extract prepared from adrenal cortex contained NADPH-dependent 5,5'dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Nbs2) reductase activity. The enzyme was thought to have thioredoxin reductase activity, since the Nbs2-reducing activity was stimulated by mt-Trx. We partially purified the Nbs2 reductase from bovine adrenocortical mitochondria. In the presence of the partially purified reductase, mt-Trx, and NADPH, SP-22 showed the activity to protect oxyhemoglobin against ascorbate-induced damage. Furthermore, with the three protein components (Nbs2 reductase, mt-Trx, and SP-22) NADPH was oxidized in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The oxidation of NADPH was concomitant with the disappearance of an equimolar amount of hydrogen peroxide. Without any one of the protein components no hemoglobin-protecting and peroxide-dependent NADPH-oxidizing activities were observed. From these results we concluded that SP-22 is thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase or so-called thioredoxin peroxidase in mitochondria from the adrenal cortex.
Vascular disease-causing mutation R258C in <i>ACTA2</i> disrupts actin dynamics and interaction with myosin (2015)

Point mutations in vascular smooth muscle α-actin (SM α-actin), encoded by the gene ACTA2, are the most prevalent cause of familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD). Here, we provide the first molecular characterization, to our knowledge, of the effect of the R258C mutation in SM α-actin, expressed with the baculovirus system. Smooth muscles are unique in that force generation requires both interaction of stable actin filaments with myosin and polymerization of actin in the subcortical region. Both aspects of R258C function therefore need investigation. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy was used to quantify the growth of single actin filaments as a function of time. R258C filaments are less stable than WT and more susceptible to severing by cofilin. Smooth muscle tropomyosin offers little protection from cofilin cleavage, unlike its effect on WT actin. Unexpectedly, profilin binds tighter to the R258C monomer, which will increase the pool of globular actin (G-actin). In an in vitro motility assay, smooth muscle myosin moves R258C filaments more slowly than WT, and the slowing is exacerbated by smooth muscle tropomyosin. Under loaded conditions, small ensembles of myosin are unable to produce force on R258C actin-tropomyosin filaments, suggesting that tropomyosin occupies an inhibitory position on actin. Many of the observed defects cannot be explained by a direct interaction with the mutated residue, and thus the mutation allosterically affects multiple regions of the monomer. Our results align with the hypothesis that defective contractile function contributes to the pathogenesis of TAAD.
Synthesis and Insecticidal Properties of Some Cholinergic Trisubstituted Acetaldehyde O-(Methylcarbamoyl)oximes (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Insecticidal Properties of Some Cholinergic Trisubstituted Acetaldehyde O-(Methylcarbamoyl)oximesL. K. Payne Jr., H. A. Stansbury Jr., and M. H. J. WeidenCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1966, 14, 4, 356–365Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60146a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60146a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phototropic Glass (1970)

Abstract Phototropic glass darkens on exposure to light and returns to its original state in the absence of light. The most extensively investigated of these glasses contain grains of silver halide having sizes > 50 Å. A discussion of theoretical principles is followed by a review of the very broad scope of the phenomenon.
Cross-talk free and ultra-compact fiber optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index (2009)

We propose and demonstrate a cross-talk free simultaneous measurement system for temperature and external refractive index (ERI) implemented by dual-cavity Fabry-Perot (FP) fiber interferometer. The sensing probe consists of two cascaded FP cavities formed with a short piece of multimode fiber (MMF) and a micro-air-gap made of hollow core fiber (HOF). The fabricated sensor head was ultra-compact; the total length of the sensing part was less than 600 mum. Since the reflection spectrum of the composite FP structures is given by the superposition of each cavity spectrum, the spectrum measured in the wavelength domain was analyzed in the Fourier or spatial frequency domain. The experimental results showed that temperature could be determined independently from the spatial frequency shift without being affected by the ERI, while the ERI could be also measured solely by monitoring the intensity variation in the spatial frequency spectrum. The ERI and the temperature sensitivities were approximately 16 dB/RIU for the 1.33-1.45 index range, and 8.9 nm/ degrees C at low temperature and 14.6 nm/ degrees C at high temperature, respectively. In addition, it is also demonstrated that the proposed dual-cavity FP sensor has potential for compensating any power fluctuation that might happen in the input light source.
One-pot Synthesis of Penta- and Hepta-saccharides from Monomeric Mannose Building Blocks Using the Principles of Orthogonality and Reactivity Tuning (1998)

Employment of the butane-2,3-diacetal protecting group allowed the reactivity tuning of glycosyl fluorides in the one-pot sequential glycosidation of up to five different components affording both linear and branched penta- and heptasaccharides.
Rapid detection of malto-oligosaccharide-forming bacterial amylases by high performance anion-exchange chromatography (2000)

High performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection was applied for the rapid analysis of malto-oligosaccharides formed by extracellular enzyme preparations from 49 starch-degrading bacterial strains isolated from soil and compost samples. Malto-oligosaccharide-forming amylases, indicated by a predominant formation of maltohexaose from starch, were produced by enzyme preparations from four of the isolates growing at pH 7.0 and 10.
Crystal structure of the SOS cell division inhibitor SulA and in complex with FtsZ (2003)

SulA halts cell division in Escherichia coli by binding to the major component of the division machinery FtsZ. We have solved the crystal structure of SulA alone and in complex with FtsZ from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SulA is expressed when the SOS response is induced. This is a mechanism to inhibit cell division and repair DNA in the event of DNA damage. FtsZ is a tubulin-like protein that forms polymers, with the active-site GTPase split across two monomers. One monomer provides the GTP-binding site and the other, through its T7 loop nucleotide hydrolysis. Our structures show that SulA is a dimer, and that SulA inhibits cell division neither by binding the nucleotide-binding site nor by inducing conformational changes in FtsZ. Instead, SulA binds the T7 loop surface of FtsZ, opposite the nucleotide-binding site, blocking polymer formation. These findings explain why GTP hydrolysis and polymer turnover are required for SulA inhibition.
An Anodizing Process for the Production of Inorganic Microfiltration Membranes (1990)

SummaryThe applications of synthetic membranes are summarised and key properties reviewed. The mechanism of producing membranes by anodizing aluminium has been considered and a manufacturing process is described. Future applications of these novel membranes are discussed.
Impact of Human Adenovirus Type 3 Dodecahedron on Host Cells and Its Potential Role in Viral Infection (2012)

During human adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) infection, an excess of penton base and fiber proteins are produced which form dodecahedral particles composed of 12 pentamers of penton base and 12 trimers of fiber protein. No biological functions have yet been ascribed to Ad3 dodecahedra. Here, we show that dodecahedra compete with Ad3 virions for binding to the cell surface and trigger cell remodeling, giving new insights into possible biological functions of dodecahedra in the Ad3 infectious cycle.
Kinetic study on peroxidation of benzaldehyde by polymer‐immobilized cobalt‐EDTA complex (2001)

Polymer-immobilized cobalt-EDTA complex was prepared by grafted copolymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylonitrile (AN initiated by redox initiation of EDTA-2Na (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt) with ceric ion (Ce2+)). High yield and selectivity for peroxidation of benzaldehyde were obtained when using the polymer-immobilized cobalt-EDTA complex as a catalyst. With the concentration of benzaldehyde increasing, the concentration of perbenzoic acid was increased from 0.38M to 0.98M, but yield of perbenzoic acid decreased from 0.76M to 0.65M. With the amount of the polymer support increased, the yield of perbenzoic acid increased from 70% to 82%. The selectivity remained about 82% in the various amounts of the polymer support. The activation energy of peroxidation of benzaldehyde was 43.4 KJ/mole. The expression of the reaction rate was: ri = k[RCHO][polymer support]0.5. A mechanism for peroxidation of benzaldhyde catalysed by polymer-immobilized cobalt-EDTA complex was proposed in this investigation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3248–3257, 2001