gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyglutamylation of the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor gamma-methylene-10-deazaaminopterin is not essential for antitumor activity. (1996)

As part of a continuing program aimed at developing nonpolyglutamylatable inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase that are less toxic and more specific in their action, we herein report the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of gamma-methylene-10-deazaaminopterin (MDAM) in athymic nude mice bearing advanced human HCT-8 ileocecal xenografts and its antitumor activity in C57BL/6 x DBA/2 F1 (hereafter called B6D2F1) mice bearing P388 murine leukemia. For the xenograft study, MDAM was administered at the maximum tolerated dose by the following dose schedules: (a) 5-day continuous i.v. infusion at 1.0 mg/kg/day (schedule I); and (b) i.v. push, daily for 5 days at 50 mg/kg/day (schedule II). The maximum tolerated dose values for methotrexate (MTX) under these conditions were 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg/day for schedule I and schedule II, respectively. MTX did not exhibit any significant antitumor activity in this model system by both schedules; however, MDAM induced complete responses of 13 and 25% and partial responses of 25 and 50% by schedules I and II, respectively. MDAM also exhibited antitumor activity significantly superior to that of MTX in the P388 tumor model. One of the enantiomers of MDAM, which possesses the natural configuration at the gamma-methyleneglutamate moiety (l-MDAM), has been shown to be a better inhibitor of human recombinant dihydrofolate reductase and H35 hepatoma cell growth than D,L-MDAM. L-MDAM inhibited the uptake of radiolabeled folinic acid to H35 hepatoma cells eight times more efficiently than MTX. The results indicate that the superior activity of MDAM relative to MTX may be partially due to a combination of enhanced transport to tumor cells and slower deactivation by aldehyde oxidase.
18F-Labeled Peptides: The Future Is Bright (2014)

Radiolabeled peptides have been the subject of intense research efforts for targeted diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy over the last 20 years. Peptides offer several advantages for receptor imaging and targeted radiotherapy. The low molecular weight of peptides allows for rapid clearance from the blood and non-target tissue, which results in favorable target-to-non-target ratios. Moreover, peptides usually display good tissue penetration and they are generally non-immunogenic. A major drawback is their potential low metabolic stability. The majority of currently used radiolabeled peptides for targeted molecular imaging and therapy of cancer is labeled with various radiometals like 99mTc, 68Ga, and 177Lu. However, over the last decade an increasing number of 18F-labeled peptides have been reported. Despite of obvious advantages of 18F like its ease of production in large quantities at high specific activity, the low β+ energy (0.64 MeV) and the favorable half-life (109.8 min), 18F-labeling of peptides remains a special challenge. The first part of this review will provide a brief overview on chemical strategies for peptide labeling with 18F. A second part will discuss recent technological advances for 18F-labeling of peptides with special focus on microfluidic technology, automation, and kit-like preparation of 18F-labeled peptides.
Window-Shaping (2017)

We present, Window-Shaping, a tangible mixed-reality (MR) interaction metaphor for design ideation that allows for the direct creation of 3D shapes on and around physical objects. Using the sketch-and-inflate scheme, our metaphor enables quick design of dimensionally consistent and visually coherent 3D models by borrowing visual and dimensional attributes from existing physical objects without the need for 3D reconstruction or fiducial markers. Through a preliminary evaluation of our prototype application we demonstrate the expressiveness provided by our design workflow, the effectiveness of our interaction scheme, and the potential of our metaphor.
Terahertz Frequency Sensing and Imaging: A Time of Reckoning Future Applications? (2005)

In recent years, the field of terahertz (THz) science and technology has entered a completely new phase of unprecedented expansion that is generating ever growing levels of broad-based international attention. In particular,there have been important advances in state-of-the-art THz technology and very enthusiastic growth in research activities associated with related scientific and industrial applications. One can legitimately argue that the potential payoffs of THz sensing and imaging (THz S&I) to application areas such as defense, security, biology and medicine are the major drivers of this new phenomenon. However, there remain major science and technology "gaps" in the THz regime that must be reconciled before many of the perceived payoffs ever become realizable. Therefore, it is natural to ask the question "Is now the time for THz?" or rather, are these recent events just a repeat of previous cycles in THz overenthusiasm that have been witnessed during the last century? The main goal of this paper is to consider some of the most promising THz S&I applications within the specific context of their particular science and technology challenges in an attempt to credibly judge (or speculate on) their future potential.
A Home Automation system based on Smart phone (2011)

Smart Home or Home Network technology is one that continuously creates added value, making a better life. This paper designed and developed a smart home control system using smart phone. This proposed smart home system consists of home server control system, remote smart application system and home node structure. Home node structure, in detail, is composed of intrusion detection, gas leakage or gas valve control, door lock, automatic curtain, ventilation control and On/Off control modules and these modules are controlled at home server. Home server makes it easy to control home automatic control system anytime, anywhere as it provides remote interface that enables control via smartphone and user interface in itself.
Neuronal Receptors That Regulate Axon Growth (1990)

The development of neurons depends in large part on interactions with molecules in their environment. These include chemotropic and trophic factors, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and molecules anchored in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The number of identified proteins in each of these classes has expanded dramatically in recent years (Reichardt and Tomaselli 1991; Grenningloh et al.; Takeichi et al.; Yancopoulos et al.; all this volume). Proteins in each class have now been shown to influence major steps in neural development, including neuronal survival and differentiation, axon growth and guidance, and synapse formation. Subclasses of neurons have been shown to differ dramatically in their responses to some of these proteins, providing a potential molecular basis for determining their individual phenotypes. The same classes of molecules also regulate proliferation and differentiation of glia. Clearly, identifying these morphogenic molecules and their receptors is important for understanding neural development.
Nuclear Translocated <i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis</i> Ankyrin Protein Interacts with a Specific Adenine-Rich Motif of Host Promoter and Intronic <i>Alu</i> Elements (2009)

Ehrlichiae are obligately intracellular bacteria that reside and replicate in phagocytes by circumventing host cell defenses and modulating cellular processes, including host cell gene transcription. However, the mechanisms by which ehrlichiae influence host gene transcription have largely remained undetermined. Numerous ankyrin and tandem repeat-containing proteins associated with host-pathogen interactions have been identified in Ehrlichia species, but their roles in pathobiology are unknown. In this study, we determined by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and by immunodetection in purified nuclear extracts that the ankyrin repeat-containing protein p200 is translocated to the nuclei of Ehrlichia-infected monocytes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with DNA sequencing revealed an Ehrlichia chaffeensis p200 interaction located within host promoter and intronic Alu-Sx elements, the most abundant repetitive elements in the human genome. A specific adenine-rich (mid-A-stretch) motif within Alu-Sx elements was identified using electrophoretic mobility shift and NoShift assays. Whole-genome analysis with ChIP and DNA microarray analysis (ChIP-chip) determined that genes (n = 456) with promoter Alu elements primarily related to transcription, apoptosis, ATPase activity, and structural proteins associated with the nucleus and membrane-bound organelles were the primary targets of p200. Several p200 target genes (encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha, Stat1, and CD48) associated with ehrlichial pathobiology were strongly upregulated during infection, as determined by quantitative PCR. This is the first study to identify a nuclear translocation of bacterially encoded protein by E. chaffeensis and to identify a specific binding motif and genes that are primary targets of a novel molecular strategy to reprogram host cell gene expression to promote survival of the pathogen.
AlPO<sub>4</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Promoted Cyclodehydration of Diols (1987)

Abstract A convenient method for the preparation of cyclic ethers by distillation of diols over solid AlPO4[sbnd]Al2O3 is presented.
Simultaneous monitoring of both phases in the solvent extraction/flow injection analysis of Dramamine tablets (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimultaneous monitoring of both phases in the solvent extraction/flow injection analysis of Dramamine tabletsLynette. Fossey and Frederick F. CantwellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 12, 1882–1885Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00262a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00262a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Strand-Specific Transcription of Polyoma Virus DNA Early in Productive Infection and in Transformed Cells (1976)

The DNA strand origin of nuclear and cytoplasmic polyoma-specific RNA in productively infected mouse cells and in a line of polyoma-transformed hamster cells was determined by hybridization of unlabeled RNA with radioactively labeled separated strands of polyoma DNA. Early in the productive cycle (10 h postinfection) nuclear viral RNA is complementary to only about 40% of the E strand of viral CNA. No RNA complementary to the L strand was detected even when the RNA was first self-annealed to enrich for possible minor species. Early cytoplasmic RNA is complementary to the same 40% of the E strand. Thus, only that part of the poloma genome which codes for early virual messenger RNA appears to be transcribed. Late in infection, nuclear viral RNA is complementary to most or all of the L strand and to at least 60% of the E strand. Late cytoplasmic viral RNA hybridizes to 40 to 45% of the E strand and 50 to 55% of the L strand. The transformed cell nuclear viral RNA is complementary to 60% of the E strand, whereas cytoplasmic RNA is complementary to 40% of the E strand and comprises the same polyoma-specific sequences as are found in RNA early in productive infection. No L strand transcripts could be detected. Thus, in the transformed cells and late in productive infection, viral RNA sequences in the cytoplasm are a specific subset of those in the nucleus.
Cementless surface replacement arthroplasty of the shoulder (2001)

Cementless surface replacement arthroplasty of the shoulder is designed to replace the damaged joint surfaces and restore normal anatomy with minimal resection of bone. We have used the Copeland shoulder arthroplasty for 14 years. Between 1986 and 2000, 285 surface replacement arthroplasties were implanted in our unit. The prosthesis has evolved during this time, but the principle of minimal bone resection has remained the same. Between 1990 and 1994, 103 Mark-2 prostheses were inserted into 94 patients (9 bilateral). The operations were carried out for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, instability arthropathy, post-traumatic arthropathy and cuff arthropathy. The mean follow-up was for 6.8 years (5 to 10). The best results were achieved in primary osteoarthritis, with Constant scores of 93.7% for total shoulder replacement and 73.5% for hemiarthroplasty. The poorest results were seen in patients with cuff arthropathy and post-traumatic arthropathy with adjusted Constant scores of 61.3% and 62.7%, respectively. Most patients (93.9%) considered their shoulder to be much better or better than before the operation. Of the 88 humeral implants available for radiological review, 61 (69.3%) showed no evidence of radiolucency, nor did 21 (35.6%) of the 59 glenoid prostheses. Three were definitely loose, and eight shoulders required revision (7.7%), two (1.9%) for primary loosening. The results of this series are comparable with those for stemmed prostheses with a similar follow-up and case mix. The cementless surface replacement arthroplasty diminishes the risk of complications involving the humeral shaft and periprosthetic fractures. Revision or arthrodesis can be undertaken easily since the bone stock has been maintained with no loss of length.
Equilibrium swelling properties of a novel ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD)-modified soy protein hydrogel (1996)

A novel pH and ionic strength-sensitive protein-based hydrogel was synthesized via cross-linking ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride-modified soy protein isolate (EDTAD–SPI) with glutaraldehyde. Incorporation of ionizable carboxyl groups into soy proteins increased the net negative charge of the protein and caused extensive unfolding of the protein structure. The EDTAD–SPI hydrogel was capable of imbibing 80-300 g water per g dry gel after centrifuging at 214g, depending on the extent of modification, protein structure, crosslinking density, protein concentration during the crosslinking step, gel particle size, and environ-mental conditions, such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. The protein concentration used during the crosslinking step was found to be the most important factor affecting the water uptake of the gel. The lower the protein concentration, the higher was the water uptake at 214g. The hydrogel was highly sensitive to pH and exhibited reversible swelling when sequentially exposed to water and 0.15M NaCl. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thanks to Geolocalized Remote Control: The Sound Will Follow (2008)

Dematerialized music and MP3 players offer to the user the possibility of carrying his musical content everywhere. However, at home, the music collection is generally not centralized, split between different rooms and audio supports (CDs, MP3s, etc). In this paper, we propose a multi-room sound system based on several sound satellites distributed among the rooms of the house, and on a remote control which is able to localize itself with the help of available Wi-Fi networks. The user only has to choose his favorite music on the remote control, and then the music will automatically start on the nearest satellites. Our goal is to offer an ambient intelligence audio system, inspired by the latest multi-room sound systems, which takes advantage of an indoor localization system based on Wi-Fi in order to propose a new experience to the user.
Concise synthesis of (±)-horsfiline and (±)-coerulescine by tandem cyclisation of iodoaryl alkenyl azides (2002)

A brief, efficient and economical synthesis of the spiropyrrolidinyloxindoles, horsfiline and coerulescine, has been achieved, starting from itaconic acid and, respectively, p-anisidine or o-iodoaniline. Tandem radical cyclisation of iodoaryl alkenyl azides is the key step in both syntheses.
Thermal Rearrangement of Allyl-type Sulfoxides, Sulfones and Sulfinates<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Rearrangement of Allyl-type Sulfoxides, Sulfones and Sulfinates1Arthur C. Cope, Dwight E. Morrison, and Lamar FieldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 1, 59–67Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01157a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views501Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Multifunctional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Structure Based on Mn<sup>III</sup>–Porphyrin and Polyoxometalate as a Highly Effective Dye Scavenger and Heterogenous Catalyst (2011)

A two-step synthesis strategy has led to a unique layered polyoxometalate-Mn(III)-metalloporphyrin-based hybrid material. The hybrid solid demonstrates remarkable capability for scavenging of dyes and for heterogeneous selective oxidation of alkylbenzenes with excellent product yields and 100% selectivity.
Sulfhydration of AKT triggers Tau-phosphorylation by activating glycogen synthase kinase 3β in Alzheimer’s disease (2020)

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), human Tau is phosphorylated at S199 (hTau-S199-P) by the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). HTau-S199-P mislocalizes to dendritic spines, which induces synaptic dysfunction at the early stage of AD. The AKT kinase, once phosphorylated, inhibits GSK3β by phosphorylating it at S9. In AD patients, the abundance of phosphorylated AKT with active GSK3β implies that phosphorylated AKT was unable to inactivate GSK3β. However, the underlying mechanism of the inability of phosphorylated AKT to phosphorylate GSK3β remains unknown. Here, we show that total AKT and phosphorylated AKT was sulfhydrated at C77 due to the induction of intracellular hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S). The increase in intracellular H<sub>2</sub>S levels resulted from the induction of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, which is a pathological hallmark of AD. Sulfhydrated AKT does not interact with GSK3β, and therefore does not phosphorylate GSK3β. Thus, active GSK3β phosphorylates Tau aberrantly. In a transgenic knockin mouse (AKT-KI<sup>+/+</sup>) that lacked sulfhydrated AKT, the interaction between AKT or phospho-AKT with GSK3β was restored, and GSK3β became phosphorylated. In AKT-KI<sup>+/+</sup> mice, expressing the pathogenic human Tau mutant (hTau-P301L), the hTau S199 phosphorylation was ameliorated as GSK3β phosphorylation was regained. This event leads to a decrease in dendritic spine loss by reducing dendritic localization of hTau-S199-P, which improves cognitive dysfunctions. Sulfhydration of AKT was detected in the postmortem brains from AD patients; thus, it represents a posttranslational modification of AKT, which primarily contributes to synaptic dysfunction in AD.
Magnetically confined sputter source with high ion flux (1985)

A magnetically confined deposition source based on the Penning geometry is described. The discharge characteristics for various gas pressures and magnetic fields resemble those of conventional magnetrons, and it is shown using probes that the ion flux approaches the deposition flux at typical target-to-substrate distances. The ion flux can be varied by changing the magnetic field, and the ion energy by biasing the substrates. The system has been used to deposit TiN by sputtering Ti in a reactive Ar–N2 gas mixture. Results are reported for the properties of the films (resistance, hardness, structure) for various substrate temperatures and ion bombardments and demonstrate the usefulness of this source for hard tool coating. The source is readily scaled to production applications.
Two-Dimensional Infrared (2D IR) Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications (1990)

A novel concept in vibrational spectroscopy called two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy is described. In 2D IR, a spectrum defined by two independent wavenumbers is generated by a cross-correlation analysis of dynamic fluctuations of IR signals induced by an external perturbation. 2D IR spectra are especially suited for elucidating various chemical interactions among functional groups. Notable features of the 2D IR approach are: simplification of complex spectra consisting of many overlapped peaks; enhancement of spectral resolution by spreading peaks over the second dimension; and establishment of unambiguous assignments through correlation analysis of bands selectively coupled by various interaction mechanisms. The procedure for generating 2D IR correlation spectra and the properties of the 2D spectra are discussed in detail. Examples of 2D IR spectra are presented for atactic polystyrene and the proteinacious component of human stratum corneum to demonstrate the utility of this technique.
Differences in Amino Acid Metabolism among Cell Lines Derived from Cabbage Armyworm, Mamestra brassicae : Lepidoptera : Noctuidae (1987)

Characteristic differences in amino acid consumption were observed among cell lines derived from different tissues of the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae. Ovarian cell lines differed from both the hemocyte and fat body cell lines in the pattern of up-taking free amino acid in media, while hemocyte and fat body cell lines were similar to each other. Ovarian cell lines produced aspartic acid, while hemocyte and fat body cell lines consumed it markedly. Asparagine was utilized by hemocyte cell lines to some extent, however, it was consumed to a small extent by fat body cell line, and produced by ovarian cell lines. Ovarian cell lines consumed a small amount of glutamic acid, but other cell lines exhausted glutamic acid in media. On the other hand, the ovarian cell lines exhausted glutamine in the media while other cell lines produced it to a greater extent. Free ammonia increased in the culture of ovarian cell lines while it was notably utilized by other cell lines. Cystine was utilized by ovarian cell lines to a greater extent than other cell lines. No significant difference was observed for other amino acid consumption. It was assumed that hemocyte and fat body cell lines can synthesize glutamine from glutamic acid and ammonia, but that ovarian cell lines have no such an ability.