gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of myosin light chain phosphorylation with isometric contraction of fibroblasts. (1993)

In vitro studies have indicated that the enzymatic activity of myosin II from non-muscle cells is controlled by phosphorylation of its regulatory light chain (LC20). We have studied one likely functional consequence of phosphorylating LC20 in living chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) by measuring contractile force developed by these cells. Using a recently developed method, we recorded quantitative changes in isometric force generated by a population of cells following mitogenic stimulation. Fetal bovine serum, thrombin, and lysophosphatidic acid stimulate rapid isometric contraction of CEF. Cells stimulated with thrombin develop maximal force within 5-10 min. Force development correlates temporally with a 3-5-fold increase in the overall fraction of LC20 phosphorylated and with the fractions of LC20 in both the monophosphorylated and diphosphorylated states. Unloaded shortening velocity also increases after thrombin stimulation. Although both force and phosphorylation begin to decline 10 min after stimulation, the level of phosphorylation declined more rapidly than the force. These results suggest that the role of LC20 phosphorylation in regulating fibroblast contractility is analogous to its well established role in regulating smooth muscle contraction and that quantitative measurements of the force developed by populations of fibroblasts (or other cultured cells) can be used to study the regulation of non-sarcomeric myosin at the molecular level in vivo.
[Severe post-partum hemorrhage: descriptive study at the Robert-Debré Hospital maternity ward]. (2002)

The prevalence of severe pot-partum hemorrhage is low in our experience. The methodology used for this retrospective cohort does not enable an explanation. Intensive obstetrical care is necessary in case of abnormal placenta insertion. In 10 out of 44 cases, severe post-partum hemorrhage occurred in a context of insufficient monitoring, late or erroneous diagnosis, or incorrect treatment.
Targeted silencing of <scp>DEFB</scp>4 in a bioengineered skin‐humanized mouse model for psoriasis: development of si<scp>RNA SEC</scp>osome‐based novel therapies (2014)

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease that presents a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Human β defensin-2 (hBD-2) is highly up-regulated in psoriatic lesions and has been defined as a biomarker for disease activity. We explored the potential benefits of targeting hBD-2 by topical application of DEFB4-siRNA-containing SECosomes in a bioengineered skin-humanized mouse model for psoriasis. A significant improvement in the psoriatic phenotype was observed by histological examination, with a normalization of the skin architecture and a reduction in the number and size of blood vessels in the dermal compartment. Treatment leads to the recovery of transglutaminase activity, filaggrin expression and stratum corneum appearance to the levels similar to those found in normal regenerated human skin. The availability of a reliable skin-humanized mouse model for psoriasis in conjunction with the use of the SECosome technology may provide a valuable preclinical tool for identifying potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION AND LEPTIN EXPRESSION (1997)

Adipose tissue has long been known to house the largest energy reserves in the animal body. Recent research indicates that in addition to this role, the adipocyte functions as a global regulator of energy metabolism. Adipose tissue is exquisitely sensitive to a variety of endocrine and paracrine signals, e.g. insulin, glucagon, glucocorticoids, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), that combine to control both the secretion of other regulatory factors and the recruitment and differentiation of new adipocytes. The process of adipocyte differentiation is controlled by a cascade of transcription factors, most notably those of the C/EBP and PPAR families, which combine to regulate each other and to control the expression of adipocyte-specific genes. One such gene, i.e. the obese gene, was recently identified and found to encode a hormone, referred to as leptin, that plays a major role in the regulation of energy intake and expenditure. The hormonal and transcriptional control of adipocyte differentiation is discussed, as is the role of leptin and other factors secreted by the adipocyte that participate in the regulation of adipose homeostasis.
Hybrid integrated four-channel SS-SOA array moduleusing planar lightwave circuit platform (1998)

The authors have succeeded in the hybrid integration of a four-channel 1.55 µm spot-size converted optical amplifier (SS-SOA) array on a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) platform using a passive alignment technique. They have achieved module gains of 8.1 to 9.6 dB, and extinction ratios of 52.5 to 55.8 dB among four channels at an SOA injection current of 40 mA. They have also achieved a switching speed of better than 1 ns.
WIND TUNNEL TECHNIQUES FOR INVESTIGATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF SAILING YACHTS AERODYNAMICS (2006)

This paper presents sailing yacht wind tunnel testing activities carried out in the Politecnico di Milano Twisted Flow Wind Tunnel In particular test arrangements, procedures and methodologies that have been developed
Ligand-dependent EphB1 signaling suppresses glioma invasion and correlates with patient survival (2013)

These data suggest that ligand-dependent EphB1 signaling negatively regulates glioma cell invasion, identifying EphB1 as a favorable prognostic factor in malignant glioma.
Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative sp<sup>3</sup>−sp<sup>3</sup> Coupling of Nitrobenzene Acetic Esters (2007)

Allylic esters of nitrobenzene acetic acids undergo facile palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling. Both mono- and dinitroarene substrates give high yields of the coupled products. Moreover, the rates of the reactions suggest that decarboxylation is rate-limiting and substrates that sterically disfavor attainment of the reactive conformation for decarboxylation are not viable. Finally, reduction of the product nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines provides access to a variety of heterocycles including quinolines and dihydroquinolones.
Deep Neural Networks Analysis of Borescope Images (2018)

This paper presents results on applying deep neural networks to analysis of images from borescope inspections of large turbofan engines, carried out in the field. Such inspections are done as a part of routine monitoring and maintenance as well as an initial, investigative response to alerts from automatic monitoring systems, pilots or engineers. Across GE’s commercial engines fleet, a substantial number of images have been gathered this way. The deep learning techniques that have come out of computer vision and machine learning research in the last decade offer new possibilities for analyzing and mining such data collections. This paper presents initial results on separating borescope images from images created with regular digital cameras, as well as classifying images containing various engine parts, with average accuracy of 95% and 77%, respectively, on unseen validation data.
A self-organizing fuzzy power system stabilizer (2002)

In this paper, a strategy for self-organizing fuzzy power system stabilizer (PSS) is formulated and evaluated. Unlike other methods that have a learning algorithm to update a rule base, the proposed method has a learning algorithm to update a look-up table. The proposed PSS consists of an output look-up table that is made by a fuzzy rule base, and learning algorithm based on the principle of sliding mode. The results of the proposed PSS reduces computation time, steady state error, efficient response achieved for damping electromechanical modes of oscillations, and enhance power system synchronous stability. Computer simulation shows that the proposed method can be easily implemented.
The protection from hepatotoxicity of some compounds by the synthetic immunomodulator muramyl dipeptide (MDP) in rat hepatocytes and in vivo. (1984)

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) protection from acrolein, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride toxicity was tested using isolated rat hepatocytes prepared by collagenase perfusion method. Hepatotoxin lethal effects were assessed using trypan blue exclusion and ascertained by LD leakage test. Incubation of hepatocyte suspensions with acrolein (143 mumol/ml), CHCl3 (124 mumol/ml) and CCl4 (103.5 mumol/ml) for 15 min reduced viability to 62%, 13% and 27%, respectively. Pretreatment of hepatocytes in incubation media with MDP (20.6 nmol/ml) increased viability significantly to 83%, 27% and 46%, respectively (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05). MDP single treatment in vivo (8.26 mumol/kg) produced a three-fold decrease in the high serum aspartate and alanine transaminases induced by CCl4 (5.2 mmol/kg). MDP modulation of CCl4 hepatotoxicity was not accompanied by reduction of lipid peroxides either in liver homogenates, microsomes or hepatocytes in the present conditions. It is suggested that MDP in certain dosages may produce nonspecific stabilization of cytoplasmic membranes towards the studied cytotoxins.
Functional Characterization of <i>copA</i> Gene Encoding Multicopper Oxidase in <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i> pv. <i>campestris</i> (2011)

The gram-negative plant pathogenic Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is the causative agent of black rot in crucifers, a disease causing tremendous loss in agriculture. Copper-containing bactericides have been widely used to control this disease for many years, possibly leading to the development of copper resistance in Xcc. Homologues of copper resistance genes copLAB are present in the Xcc genome, but none has been characterized. In this study, mutations in copL, copA, and copB decreased Xcc copper tolerance. Among them, the copA mutant displayed the most significant reduction. The copA mutant also resulted in a reduction in virulence on the host cabbage. Sequence and mutational analysis demonstrated that copA encodes a multicopper oxidase and that CopA is able to catalyze the oxidation of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. Alanine substitutions in each of the putative copper binding residues (H538, H583, C584, and H585) of CopA caused a loss of function including copper tolerance and oxidase activity. Furthermore, reporter assays showed that copA transcription is inducible in the presence of copper, subject to catabolite repression, and repressed under conditions of high osmolarity, nitrogen starvation, or oxygen limitation. This is the first time that multicopper oxidase has been characterized in the crucifer pathogen Xcc.
The relationship of K-ras mutations and EGFR gene copy number to outcome in patients treated with Erlotinib on National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group trial study PA.3 (2007)

4521 Background: The National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) PA.3 study compared treatment with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib to placebo in patients with advanced stage pancreatic carcinoma who were receiving gemcitabine. This study demonstrated a significant advantage in survival [HR=0.82; P<0.04] and in progression free survival [HR=0.77; P<0.004] for patients who received erlotinib [Moore MJ et al, J Clin Oncol 2007]. While high-level expression of EGFR is common in pancreatic cancer, EGFR protein expression level as evaluated by immunohistochemistry did not predict which patients might benefit from erlotinib. In non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) where erlotinib has shown a survival benefit; the use of EGFR copy number measured by FISH is a better predictive factor for benefit, and patients whose tumor had a K-ras mutation do not respond nor benefit. Methods: The NCIC-CTG PA.3 trial had a sample size of 569 and NCIC.CTG has collected 280 archival formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tumor biopsy or primary resection specimens from patients randomized on study. Many were fine needle aspirates and a total of 181 had sufficient tissue to allow molecular analysis. We performed a K-ras mutation analysis by PCR of exon 2 followed by sequencing, with negative results being validated by DHPLC. EGFR gene copy number was analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Both methods were performed on all tumor samples adequate for analysis. Results: Overall 146 cases were suitable for K-ras mutation analysis and preliminary results have identified K-ras mutation in 90 patients [76%] and wild type KRAS in 29 patients; the remainder are pending. A total of 118 cases are suitable for EGFR FISH analysis, results have been obtained in 73 patients, and the remaining cases are pending. The correlations between K-ras mutational status and EGFR copy number, and outcomes [survival and disease control] in patients randomized to both erlotinib and placebo will be presented. [Table: see text]
Control of signalling properties of human somatostatin receptor subtype-5 by additional signal sequences on its amino-terminus in yeast (2010)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is known as an available host for human G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand screening. Although several types of yeast signal sequences (SS) attached with the GPCRs could improve their productivities and facilitate transportation of the GPCRs to the yeast plasma membrane, the effects of additional SS on ligand-specific signalling functions of GPCRs are not reported. Here, we demonstrated the controlling signalling properties by addition of SS using engineered yeast as a host. Prepro and pre regions of alpha-factor and amino-terminal sequence of Ste2 (Ste2N) were used as SS, and somatostatin (SST) receptor subtype-5 (SSTR5) was used as a model GPCR. We also constructed a yeast-based fluorescent assay system for monitoring the activation levels of SSTR5 signalling by a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. The production levels and localisation patterns of the SS-attached SSTR5 were more significantly improved than those of wild-type SSTR5. In addition, we successfully controlled the pharmacological efficacy and potency by introducing SS. Among four types of SSTR5 receptors, Ste2N-SSTR5 responded at the lowest ligand concentration. This finding will be informative for constructing optimal yeast-based ligand screening systems to discriminate the cells on the basis of signalling levels.
Supporting Electronic Commerce of Software Products through Pay-Per-Use Rental of Downloadable Tools (2001)

The pervasiveness of Internet connectivity and the wide diffusion of Java-capable browsers foster innovative techniques for software distribution. In this chapter, we propose a new model for the electronic commerce of software tools based on a pay-per-use rental policy. Pay-per-use rental of downloadable tools is the natural exploitation of Java applets that can be transferred on demand to the user’s machine and executed dynamically inside a browser. While software rental is not a new idea (Flamnia and McCandless, 1996), at present no example of a standard pay-per-use rental mechanism for downloadable software tools exists. This approach benefits from the advantages of central management of tools and zero maintenance for users typical of Java applets, together with a new way to pay for their use. Software rental presents several advantages to producers and users. Pay-per-use rental is particularly suited to Web-based applications, because they are offered to a very heterogeneous and dynamic user population (Bakos and Brynjolfson, 1997). This chapter describes advantages and issues related to pay-per-use, and explains how to add it to Web-based systems, by presenting the example of pay-per-use integration in WebMetrics, a Web-based system providing distributed collection, management, and analysis of source code metrics. This chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses tools-on-demand. Section 3 presents the role of pay-per-use. Section 4 introduces WebMetrics, our prototype pay-per-use application. Section 5 describes the architecture of WebMetrics. Section 6 presents a list of open issues. Section 7 draws some conclusions.
Influence of Human Serum on Pharmacodynamic Properties of an Investigational Glycopeptide, LY333328, and Comparator Agents against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1998)

The MICs and MBCs of 15 antibiotics for two strains of Staphylococcus aureus were determined in Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) and 90% serum-10% MHB. Subsequent experiments established that highly protein-bound antibiotics (>/=80%), such as LY333328, demonstrated higher MICs and MBCs, less killing over an 8-h interval, and shorter postantibiotic effects in 90% serum-10% MHB than in MHB alone. Albumin was demonstrated to be almost solely responsible for changes in the aforementioned pharmacodynamic parameters of LY333328.
Performance evaluation of computed radiography systems (2001)

Recommended methods to test the performance of computed radiography (CR) digital radiographic systems have been recently developed by the AAPM Task Group No. 10. Included are tests for dark noise, uniformity, exposure response, laser beam function, spatial resolution, low-contrast resolution, spatial accuracy, erasure thoroughness, and throughput. The recommendations may be used for acceptance testing of new CR devices as well as routine performance evaluation checks of devices in clinical use. The purpose of this short communication is to provide a tabular summary of the tests recommended by the AAPM Task Group, delineate the technical aspects of the tests, suggest quantitative measures of the performance results, and recommend uniform quantitative criteria for the satisfactory performance of CR devices. The applicability of the acceptance criteria is verified by tests performed on CR systems in clinical use at five different institutions. This paper further clarifies the recommendations with respect to the beam filtration to be used for exposure calibration of the system, and the calibration of automatic exposure control systems.
Power Optimized LC VCO & Mixer Co-design (2005)

A capacitively source degenerated buffer provides a negative impedance and can be used as the negative resistance cell in the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). This eliminates the need for a negative resistance cell within the VCO itself. Eliminating the negative resistance cell within the VCO allows us to reduce the overall power consumption for a design that combines a VCO with a follow-on mixer stage. Further, as the VCO directly drives the mixer, the input capacitance of the mixer can be incorporated into the degeneration capacitor of the negative resistance cell. In other words, the mixer and VCO when co-designed can result in a significantly more optimal design. This paper presents the design for a prototype 4 GHz LC VCO and a mixer that has been designed for a 5 GHz RF and 1 GHz IF radio application in the 0.18 /spl mu/m TSMC CMOS technology.
Monitoring of IgE‐mediated food allergy in childhood (2004)

Prospective studies of non-selected children, optimally from birth cohorts, are needed to evaluate the effects of such management programmes regarding FA in childhood.
The human MHC-restricted cellular response to herpes simplex virus type 1 is mediated by CD4+, CD8- T cells and is restricted to the DR region of the MHC complex. (1988)

The nature of the in vitro human cytotoxic T-cell responder population to HSV type 1 (HSV-1) was studied. In 5-day HSV-1-stimulated cultures that contained MHC-restricted activity, two phenotypically distinct populations of cells were present that were capable of lysing HSV-1-infected B cell lines in a 5-h 51Cr-release assay. The first was CD4+, CD8-, CD16- cell typical of class II-restricted T cells, whereas the other population bore a CD4-, CD8-, CD16+ NK-cell phenotype. Elimination of the NK cell fraction from bulk cultures by using anti-CD16 plus C frequently resulted in cell populations that killed in an Ag-specific, HLA-DR-restricted fashion. In some cases the anti-CD16-pretreated cultures retained a killing population that was unrestricted to MHC products. In no instance were any cytotoxic T cells that were restricted to class I Ag in evidence. Limiting dilution analysis of precursor frequency indicated that about 1 in 4000 to 1 in 8000 cells from peripheral blood are specific for HSV-1 in seropositive individuals. Comparisons of HLA class I-matched and HLA class II-matched targets with the autologous target by using limiting dilution analysis yielded results entirely consistent with those obtained in the bulk culture assay system.
Aggregation Behavior of Pegylated Bile Acid Derivatives (2012)

Bile acids are amphiphilic endogenous steroids that act as anionic surfactants in the digestive tract and aggregate in aqueous solutions. Nonionic surfactants were synthesized by grafting poly(ethylene glycol) chains of various lengths (pegylation) to three bile acids (lithocholic, deoxycholic, and cholic acid) using anionic polymerization. The aggregation properties of the derivatives were studied with viscosity measurements and light scattering as well as with steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques, and the aggregates were visualized by transmission electron microscopy to elucidate the effect of pegylation on the aggregation process. The fluorescence results showed a good correlation with the capacity of the bile acid derivatives to solubilize a hydrophobic drug molecule. The solubilization of ibuprofen depends on the length and the number of grafted PEG chains, and the solubilization efficiency increases with fewer PEG chains on the bile acid. The results indicate their potential for use in the design of new bile acid-based drug-delivery systems.
Modeling the kinetic of solute diffusion from sugarbeet particles based on electric conductivity measurements (2011)

The aim of the present work is to validate a method based on electric conductivity measurements to monitor and analyze the kinetics of solute transfer at ambient temperature from agro-food solids (sugar beet particles) into a liquid phase (water). The first step consists of studying the correlation between two simultaneous measurements, that is, concentrations and electric conductivity of particles bed. A linear correlation could thus be revealed and it confirmed the correspondence of these two types of measurements. In fact, a close agreement is obtained between the normalized forms of the concentration and conductivity; the normalized parameters were then used to estimate and compare the kinetic parameters (e.g. k (min-1) or D (m2.min-1)) of solute transfer. Close correspondence could be obtained between the kinetic parameters deduced from the normalized forms of the concentration and conductivity. Thus, using simple electric conductivity measurements may replace concentration ones which simplify the study of the kinetics of soluble matters extraction. Since electric conductivity measurements are quick, precise, and non-intrusive, this leads to gain in time and in number of repetitions when studying the kinetics of solvent solid-liquid extraction.

	 

	Key words: Kinetics solute transfer, Fick’s law, mass transfer, concentration, electric conductivity, diffusion coefficient.