gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cobalt nanoparticles formed in polysiloxane copolymer micelles: effect of production methods on magnetic properties (2004)

The effect of production method on the chemical and magnetic stability of a range of cobalt nanoparticles formed in polysiloxane copolymer micelles was studied. The nanoparticles were suspended in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) carrier fluids and are prototypes for use in biomedical applications. Three families of particles were investigated: cobalt particles in triblock copolymer micelles and silica-coated cobalt particles where the silica coating is formed either in toluene or PDMS carrier fluid. The silica coating effectively protects the cobalt particles from ongoing oxidation, with little change in the saturation magnetization of the particles observed over time and only a small shift in the centre of the field-cooled hysteresis loop observed. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements show that the silica-coated particles have superparamagnetic blocking temperatures of 100–130 K compared with the non-silica-coated particles, which do not reach their characteristic blocking temperature below the melting point of the frozen fluids. This result is interpreted as a smaller magnetic core size in the silica-coated particles. The zero-field-cooled temperature-dependent magnetization of the silica-coated particles has two apparent superparamagnetic blocking temperatures, with a second, lower blocking temperature of approximately 15 K. This second apparent blocking temperature may be due to unreacted cobalt clusters in the suspensions or, alternatively, due to surface states on the nanoscale cobalt particles. The prototype silica-coated cobalt particles show promise for potential biomedical applications.
Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in previously untreated patients (2004)

alfa-2b 1.5 mg/kg subcutaneously once weekly plus ribavirin 800 –1400 mg/day based on body weight for 24 weeks. Results: The end of treatment (EOT) and sustained virologic response (SVR) was higher in patients infected with HCV-2 (100 and 93%, respectively) than in patients infected with HCV-3 (93 and 79%, respectively). Baseline viremia (P 5 0.020), treatment duration >16 weeks ( P< 0.001) and steatosis (<5%, P 5 0.015) were significant independent predictors of SVR. Adverse events resulted in discontinuation in 5% and dose reduction in 22% of patients. Conclusions: Treatment for 24 weeks with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin is sufficient in HCV 2 or 3 infected patients. The lower SVR in patients infected with HCV-3 compared with HCV-2 infected patients may be related to higher levels of steatosis in this population. q 2004 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Real-time texture boundary detection from ridges in the standard deviation space (2009)

This paper presents a novel texture boundary detector called the standard deviation ridge detector. At 43.29 frames per second, it is one of the few texture boundary detectors that can run in realtime. With its Berkeley segmentation benchmark F-statistic of 0.62, the algorithm outperforms all existing realtime texture boundary detectors. The use of the boundary detector would induce noticable improvements to all realtime machine vision applications. In addition, a ridge detector, which is better suited to realtime than other approaches, is presented as part of the proposed algorithm.
The asymptotic expansion of a generalisation of the Euler-Jacobi series (2015)

We consider the asymptotic expansion of the sum \[S_p(a;w)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-w}\e^{-an^p}\] as $a\rightarrow 0$ in $|\arg\,a|$ and $w>0$. Our attention is concentrated mainly on the case when $p$ and $w$ are both even integers, where the expansion consists of a {\it finite} algebraic expansion together with a sequence of increasingly subdominant exponential expansions. This exponentially small component produces a transformation for $S_p(a;w)$ analogous to the well-known Poisson-Jacobi transformation for the sum with $p=2$ and $w=0$. Numerical results are given to illustrate the accuracy of the expansion obtained.
Diversity and Versatility of Phagocytosis: Roles in Innate Immunity, Tissue Remodeling, and Homeostasis (2017)

Phagocytosis, a critical early event in the microbicidal response of neutrophils, is now appreciated to serve multiple functions in a variety of cell types. Professional phagocytes play a central role in innate immunity by eliminating pathogenic bacteria, fungi and malignant cells, and contribute to adaptive immunity by presenting antigens to lymphocytes. In addition, phagocytes play a part in tissue remodeling and maintain overall homeostasis by disposing of apoptotic cells, a task shared by non-professional phagocytes, often of epithelial origin. This functional versatility is supported by a vast array of receptors capable of recognizing a striking variety of foreign and endogenous ligands. Here we present an abbreviated overview of the different types of phagocytes, their varied modes of signaling and particle engulfment, and the multiple physiological roles of phagocytosis.
Tetraaminoethylenes. The Question of Dissociation (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetraaminoethylenes. The Question of DissociationDavid M. Lemal, Roger A. Lovald, and Kenneth I. KawanoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 12, 2518–2519Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01066a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01066a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views975Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cell Divisions Are Required for L1 Retrotransposition (2006)

LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons comprise a large fraction of genomic DNAs of many organisms. Many L1 elements are active and may generate potentially deleterious mutations by inserting into genes, yet little is known about the control of retrotransposition by the host. Here we examined whether retrotransposition depends on the cell cycle by using a retrotransposition assay with cultured human cells. We show that in both cancer cells and primary human fibroblasts, retrotransposition was strongly inhibited in the cells arrested in the G(1), S, G(2), or M stage of the cell cycle. Retrotransposition was also inhibited during cellular senescence in primary human fibroblasts. The levels of L1 transcripts were strongly reduced in arrested cells, suggesting that the reduction in L1 transcript abundance limits retrotransposition in nondividing cells. We hypothesize that inhibition of retrotransposition in nondividing cells protects somatic tissues from accumulation of deleterious mutations caused by L1 elements.
Analysis of randomized congestion control in DSDV routing (2002)

We consider a randomized version of the Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocol for ad hoc networks, called R-DSDV. We are concerned with the capabilities of R-DSDV with respect to distributed congestion control. We present an analytical study based on a novel approach that uses Markov chains representing the distribution of routing information over the network. Our analysis indicates that: a probabilistic congestion control scheme based on local tuning of protocol parameters is feasible; and such a mechanism can be effective in reducing the amount of traffic routed through a node which is temporarily congested. The traffic reduction is almost linear with respect to the decrease in the R-DSDV routing table advertisement rate of the congested node. On the average, the convergence time is relatively small as compared to the transmission rates of protocol messages.
An expressive and efficient language for XML information retrieval (2002)

Abstract Several languages for querying and transforming XML, including XML‐QL, Quilt, and XQL, have been proposed. However, these languages do not support ranked queries based on textual similarity, in the spirit of traditional IR. Several extensions to these XML query languages to support keyword search have been made, but the resulting languages cannot express IR‐style queries such as “ find books and CDs with similar titles. ” In some of these languages keywords are used merely as boolean filters without support for true ranked retrieval; others permit similarity calculations only between a data value and a constant, and thus cannot express the above query. WHIRL avoids both problems, but assumes relational data. We propose ELIXIR, an e xpressive and e fficient l anguage for X ML i nformation r etrieval that extends XML‐QL with a textual similarity operator that can be used for similarity joins, so ELIXIR is sufficiently expressive to handle the sample query above. ELIXIR thus qualifies as a general‐purpose XML IR query language. Our central contribution is an efficient algorithm for answering ELIXIR queries that rewrites the original ELIXIR query into a series of XML‐QL queries to generate intermediate relational data, and uses WHIRL to efficiently evaluate the similarity operators on this intermediate data, yielding an XML document with nodes ranked by similarity. Our experiments demonstrate that our prototype scales well with the size of the query and the XML data.
Delta-Like 4 Activates Notch 3 to Regulate Self-Renewal in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells (2017)

Notch signaling is essential to maintain skeletal muscle stem cells in quiescence. However, the precise roles of different Notch receptors are incompletely defined. Here, we demonstrate a role for Notch3 (N3) in the self-renewal of muscle stem cells. We found that N3 is active in quiescent C2C12 reserve cells (RCs), and N3 over-expression and knockdown studies in C2C12 and primary satellite cells reveal a role in self-renewal. The Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (Dll4) is expressed by newly formed myotubes and interaction with this ligand is sufficient to maintain N3 activity in quiescent C2C12 RCs to prevent activation and progression into the cell cycle. Thus, our data suggest a model whereby during regeneration, expression of Dll4 by nascent muscle fibers triggers N3 signaling in associated muscle stem cells to recruit them to quiescence, thereby renewing the stem cell pool. Stem Cells 2018;36:458-466.
Tropine derivatives with central activities. Part II: Solvolysis of N-substituted nortropine methanesulfonates. (1976)

The preparation and the reaction kinetical properties in solvolysis of a series of N-substituted nortropine methanesulfonates 1-8 are described. It was found that the rate of solvolysis depends on the nature of the N-substituents considerably. The solvolysis rates can be brought into correlation with the electron donating and withdrawing and steric properties of the N-substituents. Methane-sulfonates of other two bicyclic aminoalcohols 10, 11 were also prepared and kinetically studied.
Identification of a Xylogalacturonan Xylosyltransferase Involved in Pectin Biosynthesis in<i>Arabidopsis</i>    (2008)

Abstract Xylogalacturonan (XGA) is a class of pectic polysaccharide found in plant cell walls. The Arabidopsis thaliana locus At5g33290 encodes a predicted Type II membrane protein, and insertion mutants of the At5g33290 locus had decreased cell wall xylose. Immunological studies, enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides, monosaccharide linkage analysis, and oligosaccharide mass profiling were employed to identify the affected cell wall polymer. Pectic XGA was reduced to much lower levels in mutant than in wild-type leaves, indicating a role of At5g33290 in XGA biosynthesis. The mutated gene was designated xylogalacturonan deficient1 (xgd1). Transformation of the xgd1-1 mutant with the wild-type gene restored XGA to wild-type levels. XGD1 protein heterologously expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana catalyzed the transfer of xylose from UDP-xylose onto oligogalacturonides and endogenous acceptors. The products formed could be hydrolyzed with an XGA-specific hydrolase. These results confirm that the XGD1 protein is a XGA xylosyltransferase. The protein was shown by expression of a fluorescent fusion protein in N. benthamiana to be localized in the Golgi vesicles as expected for a glycosyltransferase involved in pectin biosynthesis.
MARINACTAN, ANTITUMOR POLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCED BY MARINE BACTERIA (1983)

Extracellular polysaccharides of marine bacteria were screened for their antitumor activity against sarcoma-180 solid tumor in mice. An active polysaccharide was purified and named marinactan. The producing microorganism has a typical marine bacterial nature requiring sea water for growth and was identified as Flavobacterium uliginosum. Marinactan is a novel heteroglycan consisting of glucose, mannose and fucose in a ratio of approximately 7:2:1. Marinactan, 10-50 mg mg/kg daily for 10 days i.p., produced 70-90% inhibition of the growth of solid sarcoma 180. Complete regression of the tumor was observed in some treated mice. Its administrations before and after tumor transplantation showed almost the same inhibitory effect. Marinactan prolonged markedly the survival period of mice bearing ascites sarcoma 180.
The Role of the Kidney in the Metabolism of Plasma Proteins (1974)

The role of the kidney in the metabolism of plasma proteins can be defined by metabolic turnover techniques using representative radioiodinated, purified proteins. Low molecular weight (MW) proteins ( < 50,000 MW) readily transverse the glomerular filter and are largely taken up and catabolized by tubular cells; for this class of proteins the kidney is a primary organ of catabolism. Intermediate and high M W proteins ( > 60,000 M W) are generally retained by the glomerular filter and, therefore, do not normally have a significant exposure to tubular catabolic sites; for this class of proteins the kidney is not normally a primary organ of catabolism. Intermediate and even high M W proteins do pass through an abnormal glomerular filter, and are thereby lost to the body as intact proteins or are taken up and catabolized within tubular cells. In tubular diseases low MW proteins enter the tubular lumen in normal fashion, but are not taken up and catabolized within tubular cells. Thus, their loss pathway changes reciprocably from one of endogenous catabolism to excretion; this is the origin of tubular proteinuria. In nephron-loss disease, both excretion and endogenous catabolism of low MW proteins are diminished. Thus, these proteins accumulate in the blood.
Coupling gene regulatory patterns to bioprocess conditions to optimize synthetic metabolic modules for improved sesquiterpene production in yeast (2017)

Direct comparison of different transcriptional regulatory mechanisms clearly demonstrated that coupling the output strength to the fermentation stage is important to optimize the growth fitness and overall productivities of engineered cells in industrially relevant processes. Applying different well-characterized promoters with the same induction behaviour mitigates against the risks of homologous sequence-mediated genetic instability. Using these approaches, we significantly improved sesquiterpene production in yeast.
Q-enhanced LC bandpass filters for integrated wireless applications (1998)

Q-enhanced LC filter technology offers an alternative to the use of direct conversion techniques for implementing fully integrated receivers. Design and performance issues for QE LC filters are discussed and a fully integrated 850 MHz, two-pole, bandpass filter with an 18 MHz 3 dB bandwidth is reported. The prototype design is implemented in a standard 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS process and achieves a rejection of over 50 dB at 100 MHz offset, an in-band dynamic range of 75 (90) dB when used in a system with a 1 MHz (30 kHz) final IF bandwidth, and a third-order intercept point that exceeds +25 dBm at an 80 MHz offset from the passband center,.
Sprayed or soaked concealed drug detection using SWIR hyperspectral imaging (2020)

The smuggling of drug into correctional facilities through the mail is a major concern. ChemImage has developed the VeroVision<sup>TM</sup> mail screener system, which highlights drugs from background based on score imagery computed from selected wavelengths based on the chemical signatures. More recently, sophisticated techniques to hide drugs by dissolution into paper are being used. We introduce a combined heterogeneous anomaly detection with a deep learning classifier. Anomaly detection initially extracts suspect stain patterns. A You Only Look Once (YOLO) based classifier then classifies anomalies as drug or non-drug stain patterns. We report its first successful detection on a limited set of meth samples, with 87.4% probability of detection (PD) and 7.0% probability of false alarm (PFA). The results show that widefield, multispectral short-field infrared (SWIR) imaging can allow for dissolved concealed drug screening of mail which has benefits for mail inspection efficiency and accuracy.
Formalizing Geological Knowledge--With an Example of Modeling Stratigraphy Using Fuzzy Logic (1996)

ABSTRACT This paper examines the potential of using methods derived from fuzzy set theory to utilize qualitative geological data in numerical modeling. An example application involving dynamic stratigraphic modeling is used to describe the basic design and function of a simple fuzzy system. Preliminary results, as well as advantages and limitations of a fuzzy approach to the problem of controlling sediment distribution in space and time, are discussed with reference to the example application. The potential of fuzzy logic in geological classification and prediction are briefly discussed, as are aspects on the robustness and objectiveness of fuzzy methods. The main conclusion is that, due to their ability to handle qualitative data and complex nonlinear relationships, fuzzy-logic-related method are very well suited for using qualitative geological data in numerical models.
A programmable adaptive phase-shifting PLL for clock data compensation under resonant supply noise (2011)

Power supply noise has become one of the main performance-limiting factors in sub-1V technologies. Resonant supply noise caused by the package/bonding inductance and on-die capacitance has been reported as the dominant supply noise component in high performance microprocessors. Resonant noise frequency typically resides in the 40MHz to 300MHz frequency band but can be made as low as 7MHz with a dedicated metal-insulator-metal capacitor technology.
A Study of High-Definition TV System in the Future (1978)

The results of our studies of high-definition television system are described concerning picture quality, signal standard and transmission system.
Lithiated aziridine reagents (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLithiated aziridine reagentsE. Vedejs and W. O. MossCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4, 1607–1608Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00057a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00057a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views417Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A monoclonal gammopathy precedes multiple myeloma in most patients (2009)

Preexisting plasma cell disorders, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or smoldering myeloma are present in at least one-third of multiple myeloma patients. However, the proportion of patients with a preexisting plasma cell disorder has never been determined by laboratory testing on prediagnostic sera. We cross-referenced our autologous stem cell transplantation database with the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation electrophoresis, and serum free light-chain analysis were performed on all sera collected 2 or more years before diagnosis to detect a monoclonal gammopathy (M-Ig). In 30 of 90 patients, 110 prediagnostic samples were available from 2.2 to 15.3 years before diagnosis. An M-Ig was detected initially in 27 of 30 patients (90%, 95% confidence interval, 74%-97%); by serum protein electrophoresis and/or immunofixation electrophoresis in 21 patients (77.8%), and only by serum free light-chain analysis in 6 patients (22.2%). Four patients had only one positive sample within 4 years before diagnosis, with all preceding sera negative. All 4 patients with light-chain/nonsecretory myeloma evolved from a light-chain M-Ig. A preexisting M-Ig is present in most multiple myeloma patients before diagnosis. Some patients progress rapidly through a premalignant phase. Light-chain detected M-Ig is a new entity that requires further study.