gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A two-frame theory of motion, lighting and shape (2008)

This paper explores how shape, motion, and lighting interact in the case of a two-frame motion sequence. We consider a rigid object with Lambertian reflectance properties undergoing small motion with respect to both a camera and a stationary point light source. Assuming orthographic projection, we derive a single, first order quasilinear partial differential equation that relates shape, motion, and lighting, while eliminating out the albedo. We show how this equation can be solved, when the motion and lighting parameters are known, to produce a 3D reconstruction of the object. A solution is obtained using the method of characteristics and can be refined by adding regularization. We further show that both smooth bounding contours as well as surface markings can be used to derive Dirichlet boundary conditions. Experimental results demonstrate the quality of this reconstruction.
InAlAs/InGaAs metamorphic HEMT with high current density and high breakdown voltage (1998)

An In/sub 0.3/Al/sub 0.7/As/In/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As metamorphic power high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) grown on GaAs has been developed. This structure with 30% indium content presents several advantages over P-HEMT on GaAs and LM-HEMT on InP. A 0.15-μm gate length device with a single /spl delta/ doping exhibits a state-of-the-art current gain cut-off frequency F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> value of 125 GHz at V/sub ds/=1.5 V, an extrinsic transconductance of 650 mS/mm and a current density of 750 mA/mm associated to a high breakdown voltage of -13 V, power measurements performed at 60 GHz demonstrate a maximum output power of 240 mW/mm with 6.4-dB power gain and a power added efficiency (PAE) of 25%. These are the first power results ever reported for any metamorphic HEMT.
Stability Analysis of AC Microgrids With Constant Power Loads Based on Popov's Absolute Stability Criterion (2015)

This brief considers nonlinear stability analysis of ac microgrids with constant power loads (CPLs). A microgrid is a subsystem consisting of small electrical resources, local loads, and power electronic devices. It should be noted that the presence of a CPL as a sink in a microgrid results in nonlinear behavior of the microgrid. CPLs are generally connected to an ac microgrid through a controlled rectifier and/or dc-dc converters. We model an ac microgrid with local RLC load and a CPL with power converter subsystem, which results in a set of nonlinear state-space equations. Then, Popov's absolute stability theorem is utilized to analyze stability conditions for an ac microgrid in the presence of CPL. Simulation results are presented, which are in agreement with the analytical approach.
Calculation of Magnetic Force on Disconnecting Switches (1920)

The practical problem of finding the magnetic force tending to open a disconnecting switch has seldom been the subject of discussion in the past, but it is a very useful problem to solve. The result is expressed in concise form in formulas (20) and (21), and their derivation and the assumptions on which they are based are given. Curves are also presented in Figs. No. 3 and No. 4 from which the force may be found without using the formulas.
Oxidation of Pollutants Catalyzed by Metallophthalocyanines (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleOxidation of Pollutants Catalyzed by MetallophthalocyaninesBernard Meunier and Alexander SorokinView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 11, 470–476Publication Date (Web):November 13, 1997Publication History Received25 March 1997Published online13 November 1997Published inissue 1 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar960275chttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar960275cresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1288Altmetric-Citations230LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Degradation,Environmental pollution,Oxidation,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Adapting the Tesseract open source OCR engine for multilingual OCR (2009)

We describe efforts to adapt the Tesseract open source OCR engine for multiple scripts and languages. Effort has been concentrated on enabling generic multi-lingual operation such that negligible customization is required for a new language beyond providing a corpus of text. Although change was required to various modules, including physical layout analysis, and linguistic post-processing, no change was required to the character classifier beyond changing a few limits. The Tesseract classifier has adapted easily to Simplified Chinese. Test results on English, a mixture of European languages, and Russian, taken from a random sample of books, show a reasonably consistent word error rate between 3.72% and 5.78%, and Simplified Chinese has a character error rate of only 3.77%.
Supermarket Challenge (1992)

Every so often teacher present a lesson that far exceeds their original expectations for students' learning. This delight occurred with a lesson I developed for my s ixth-grade mathematics class in an effort to implement the NCTM's curriculum standards. My objectives were to integrate mathematics with other curriculum areas and draw on a real-life situation to motivate and interest my students.
Hemostasis in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. (1988)

We studied parameters of hemostasis reported to be altered with "pure" preeclampsia in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Plasma fibronectin, antithrombin, and alpha-2 antiplasmin were measured in normal pregnancies (N = 26) and in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (N = 19), hypertension (N = 11), and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia (N = 11). Preeclampsia, both pure and superimposed, was associated with high fibronectin (P less than .001), low antithrombin III (P less than .001), and low alpha-2 antiplasmin (P less than .05) levels, suggesting endothelial injury, clotting, and fibrinolysis, respectively. Alpha-2 antiplasmin was increased with chronic hypertension (P less than .001), regardless of whether there was superimposed preeclampsia. Fibronectin appeared to be more closely linked with preeclampsia than antithrombin III or alpha-2 antiplasmin and may prove valuable in detecting preeclampsia when evaluating hypertension in pregnancy.
Deterministic Entanglement of Two Trapped Ions (1998)

We have prepared the internal states of two trapped ions in both the Bell-like singlet and triplet entangled states. In contrast to all other experiments with entangled states of either massive particles or photons, we do this in a deterministic fashion, producing entangled states on demand without selection. The deterministic production of entangled states is a crucial prerequisite for large-scale quantum computation.
Computerized Face Recognition in Renaissance Portrait Art (2015)

Abstract—In this work, we explore the feasibility of face recognition technologies for analyzing works of portraiture, and in the process provide a quantitative source of evidence to art historians in answering many of their ambiguities concerning identity of the subject in some portraits and in understanding artists ’ styles. Works of portrait art bear the mark of visual interpretation of the artist. Moreover, the number of samples available to model these effects is often limited. Based on an understanding of artistic conventions, we show how to learn and validate features that are robust in distinguishing subjects in portraits (sitters) and that are also capable of characterizing an individual artist’s style. This can be used to learn a feature space called Portrait Feature Space (PFS) that is representative of quantitative measures of similarities between portrait pairs known to represent same/different sitters. Through statistical hypothesis tests we analyze uncertain portraits against known identities and explain the significance of the results from an art historian’s perspective. Results are shown on our data consisting of over 270 portraits belonging largely to the Renaissance era.
<title>Low-gravity factor in fabrication of thin film nonlinear optical waveguides based on photocrosslinkable polyimide</title> (1996)

We present the results of study of thin film optical waveguides based on photocrosslinkable polyimide with glass transition temperature approaching 400 degrees C. The birefringence of the waveguides can possibly be reduced by eliminating the effect of gravity on the conditions of the film fabrication. We propose fabrication technique that allows us to change the orientation of the substrate and to analyze the gravity effect on the polyimide waveguide. This technique uses UV assisted film deposition from polyimide solution on a transparent substrate mounted as a removable wall of the container with the solution. The technique is also suitable for film fabrication at low gravity conditions. In order to investigate possible effects that can occur during UV assisted liquid deposition at low gravity, we studied UV exposed polyimide films made by spin coating at normal conditions. We describe the appearance of a gradient index waveguide on the top of polyimide coat exposed to UV light. The proposed mechanism of the waveguide formation includes photocrosslinking followed by UV assisted modification of the material which leads to the increase of the optical absorbance in UV region accompanied by the refractive index increase in visible region. Theoretical model based on this approach allowed us to reconstruct the refractive index profile n the waveguide. The profile is in good agreement with that obtained from the waveguide mode spectrum measured with prism coupling technique.
The pathogenesis of experimentally induced amebic liver abscess in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). (1984)

Sequential development and pathology of experimentally induced amebic liver abscess in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) were studied from 1 to 60 days after inoculation. Early lesions were characterized by an acute inflammatory response, which became granulomatous at 5 days. Early granulomas were discrete, with well-defined fibrohistiocytic walls. Trophozoite dissemination as a result of fibrolysis of granuloma wall was confined to the liver parenchyma. The granulomatous cellular infiltrate (less than 20 days) was characterized by granulocytes and histiocytes; older granulomas (greater than 30 days) were composed of lymphocytic infiltrate, plasma cells, and a few granulocytes, and were characterized by the absence of epithelioid histiocytes. The degree of pathologic change adjacent to liver granulomas followed the sequential development of the amebic liver abscess. Severe changes observed were portal canal lymphocytic infiltration, the presence of foreign body giant cells, periportal fibrosis, proliferation of bile duct epithelium, and hepatocyte anisonucleosis and ballooning degeneration. The pathogenesis of the infection and the usefulness of the gerbil model for the study of human amebiasis are discussed.
Breaking Legal Inequality Traps: New Approaches to Building Justice Systems for the Poor in Developing Countries (2005)

Abstract: There has long been broad agreement on the importance of building—and enhancing access to—“rule of law ” systems in developing countries, but efforts to do either of these things have an unhappy history. These failures, we suggest, are largely a product of a flawed theory of what “law”, “justice ” and “institutions ” are, how they come to take the form they do, and thus how they can be established elsewhere. This theory of institutional reform, however, and the assumptions on which it rests, is not confined to the legal “sector”, but to this day pervades and is reinforced by our prevailing development discourse and practice, most obviously with respect to the status of categories such as “social development ” and imperatives to seek straightforward “policy implications ” of social research. We outline the core tenants and assumptions of this theory, and show how its deployment in “legal judicial reform ” has underpinned successive waves of disappointing outcomes. We also outline an alternative theory, and show how it is informing a new generation of innovative efforts to improve the accessibility, legitimacy and effectiveness of justice systems for the poor.
bis(benzyl)polyamine analogues are substrates for a mammalian cell-transport system which is distinct from the polyamine-transport system (1990)

Bis(benzyl)polyamine analogues (e.g. NN'-bis(3-[(phenylmethyl)amino]propyl)-1,8-diamino-octane [C6H5CH2NH-(CH2)3NH(CH2)8NH(CH2)3NHCH2C6H5]) have previously been shown to regulate polyamine biosynthesis and growth of rat hepatoma (HTC) cells. Saturable uptake of the analogues, the ability of other bis(benzyl)polyamine analogues to compete for this uptake and the trans-acceleration of this uptake in pre-loaded cells indicate that these novel compounds are accumulated through the action of a transport system in HTC cells. A mutant Chinese-hamster-ovary (CHO) cell line, CHOMG, which lacks a functional polyamine-transport system, exhibited saturable bis(benzyl)polyamine uptake identical with that observed in the parental CHO cells, which have normal polyamine transport. The uptake of the analogue by both CHOMG and CHO cells was competitively inhibited by other bis(benzyl)polyamine analogues, but was insensitive to excess spermine. Treatment with alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, resulted in the enhancement of spermine uptake in CHO cells but did not alter the uptake of a bis(benzyl)polyamine analogue by either CHO or CHOMG cells. Thus it appears that bis(benzyl)polyamine analogues are substrates for a mammalian-cell-transport system distinct from the polyamine-transport system.
Incidence and Etiology of Failed Spinal Anesthetics in a University Hospital (1988)

Two recent retrospective reports on the incidence of failed spinal anesthetics that indicated extremely variable results prompted the present prospective study of 200 consecutive spinal anesthetics to determine the incidence and causes of failed spinal anesthetics. Tetracaine was the spinal anesthetic agent utilized in all cases--crystalline tetracaine (Niphanoid) in 71% and a 1% solution in 19% of the cases. The failure rate overall was 4%, with all failures being due to anesthetic factors, both technical and pharmacologic. However, only 25% of the failures were due to errors in technique, and 75% were due to errors in judgment with respect to pharmacologic factors (dosage, use of epinephrine, and/or positioning of the patient). Our data, therefore, differ from those of Levy et al. (Anesth Analg 1985;64:705-10), both in terms of failure rate, which is 25% of theirs, and in terms of causation, with our data indicating errors in judgment to be the causative factor three times as often as errors in technique. Presumably, this difference is due to the greater experience in spinal anesthesia that a resident receives at our institution.
Heat‐inducible expression of <i>FLP</i> gene in maize cells (1995)

The soybean heat-shock gene promoter (Gmhsp 17.5-E) has been used to direct expression of gusA and FLP genes in maize cells. At inducible temperatures, in transient expression assays, gusA gene expression controlled by the heat-shock promoter is about 10-fold higher than the expression directed by the CaMV 35S promoter. The Gmhsp 17.5-E promoter preserves its regulatory functions in heterologous maize cells after random integration into genomic DNA. Heat-shock inducible expression of the FLP gene was investigated by co-transformation of the FLP expression vector (pHsFLP) and a recombination test vector (pUFNeoFmG) into maize protoplasts. Co-transformed protoplasts were incubated at 42 degrees C for 2 h. This treatment induced recombination of 20-25% of the available FRT sites in transient assays. As a result of heat-shock treatment of stably co-transformed maize cells, activation of gusA gene expression and an associated decrease or elimination of NPT-II activity in transgenic maize lines was observed. Molecular evidence was obtained of the expected DNA excision process catalyzed by the FLP protein in maize transgenic cells. Thus, the experiments presented in this paper indicate that the FLP protein can recognize and subsequently recombine the FRT target sites that had integrated into plant genomic DNA, and that regulated expression of the FLP gene is possible in maize cells using the soybean heat-shock promoter.
Low-Power CMOS Design (1998)

From the Publisher:
This collection of important papers provides a comprehensive overview of low-power system design, from component technologies and circuits to architecture, system design, and CAD techniques. LOW POWER CMOS DESIGN summarizes the key low-power contributions through papers written by experts in this evolving field.
Classification in Networked Data: A Toolkit and a Univariate Case Study (2007)

This paper is about classifying entities that are interlinked with entities for which the class is known. After surveying prior work, we present NetKit, a modular toolkit for classification in networked data, and a case-study of its application to networked data used in prior machine learning research. NetKit is based on a node-centric framework in which classifiers comprise a local classifier, a relational classifier, and a collective inference procedure. Various existing node-centric relational learning algorithms can be instantiated with appropriate choices for these components, and new combinations of components realize new algorithms. The case study focuses on univariate network classification, for which the only information used is the structure of class linkage in the network (i.e., only links and some class labels). To our knowledge, no work previously has evaluated systematically the power of class-linkage alone for classification in machine learning benchmark data sets. The results demonstrate that very simple network-classification models perform quite well---well enough that they should be used regularly as baseline classifiers for studies of learning with networked data. The simplest method (which performs remarkably well) highlights the close correspondence between several existing methods introduced for different purposes---that is, Gaussian-field classifiers, Hopfield networks, and relational-neighbor classifiers. The case study also shows that there are two sets of techniques that are preferable in different situations, namely when few versus many labels are known initially. We also demonstrate that link selection plays an important role similar to traditional feature selection.
Synthesis of 3′-Cyano-3′-deoxy-β-D-<i>arabino</i>-nucleosides (1988)

The synthesis of 3′-cyano-3′-deoxy-β-D-arabino-nucleosides by regioselective ring cleavage of lyxo-epoxides with cyanodiethylalane is described.
High-efficiency CuIn<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>Se2 solar cells made from (In<i>x</i>,Ga1−<i>x</i>)2Se3 precursor films (1994)

In, Ga, and Se were coevaporated to form precursor films of (Inx,Ga1−x)2Se3. The precursors were then converted to CuInxGa1−xSe2 by exposure to a flux of Cu and Se. The final films were smooth, with tightly packed grains, and had a graded Ga content as a function of film depth. Photovoltaic devices made from these films showed good tolerance in device efficiency to variations in film composition. A device made from these films resulted in the highest total-area efficiency measured for any non-single-crystal, thin-film solar cell, at 15.9%.
Efficient remote profiling for resource-constrained devices (2006)

The widespread use of ubiquitous, mobile, and continuously connected computing agents has inspired software developers to change the way they test, debug, and optimize software. Users now play an active role in the software evolution cycle by dynamically providing valuable feedback about the execution of a program to developers. Software developers can use this information to isolate bugs in, maintain, and improve the performance of a wide-range of diverse and complex embedded device applications. The collection of such feedback poses a major challenge to systems researchers since it must be performed without degrading a user's experience with, or consuming the severely restricted resources of the mobile device. At the same time, the resource constraints of embedded devices prohibit the use of extant software profiling solutions. To achieve efficient remote profiling of embedded devices, we couple two efficient hardware/software program monitoring techniques: Hybrid Profiling Support(HPS) and Phase-Aware Sampling. HPS efficiently inserts profiling instructions into an executing program using a novel extension to Dynamic-Instruction Stream Editing(DISE). Phase-aware sampling exploits the recurring behavior of programs to identify key opportunities during execution in order to collect profile information (i.e. sample). Our prior work on phase-aware sampling required code duplication to toggle sampling. By guiding low-overhead, hardware-supported sampling according to program phase behavior via HPS, our system is able to collect highly accurate profiles transparently. We evaluate our system assuming a general purpose configuration as well as a popular handheld device configuration. We measure the accuracy and overhead of our techniques and quantify the overhead in terms of computation, communication, and power consumption. We compare our system to random and periodic sampling for a number of widely used performance profile types. Our results indicate that our system significantly reduces the overhead of sampling while maintaining high accuracy.
<title>Thermal expansion and internal quality of a proposed EUVL mask substrate material: Zerodur</title> (2001)

Detailed thermal expansion measurements and internal homogeneity measurements of the glass-ceramic material Zerodur were undertaken to examine its usefulness for EUVL. Repeat measurements on 100-mm long samples from three castings exhibit an expansion of approximately 12 +/- 2 ppb/K 2 (sigma) in the temperature range of interest for EUVL, corresponding to Class C of the draft SEMI 3148 standard. Internal homogeneity measurements reveal extremely small refractive index variations, suggesting comparably small compositional variations. This in turn is viewed as a necessary but not sufficient condition for high CTE uniformity, a factor required by EUVL applications.