gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-quality formation of multiply stacked SiGe-on-insulator structures by temperature-modulated successive rapid-melting-growth (2013)

Laterally and vertically modulated SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) structures are essential to integrate functional device-arrays with various energy-band-gaps and/or lattice-constants. We develop the temperature-modulated successive rapid-melting-growth (RMG) method, where Si-concentration dependent RMG processing is combined with non-destructive crystallinity-analysis. First, SGOI is formed by segregation-controlled RMG of SiGe by using Si-substrate as crystalline-seed. Polarized-Raman-scattering measurements non-destructively reveal the lateral-epitaxial-growth of SGOI with graded SiGe-concentration profiles. Second, Ge-on-insulator (GOI) is stacked on SGOI by using SGOI as crystalline-seed, where RMG temperature is selected between the melting-points of Ge and underlying SGOI. This achieves defect-free, multiply-stacked GOI on graded-SGOI structure, which demonstrates 3-dimensionally modulated SiGe-concentration profiles on Si-platform.
Webcams for Bird Detection and Monitoring: A Demonstration Study (2010)

Better insights into bird migration can be a tool for assessing the spread of avian borne infections or ecological/climatologic issues reflected in deviating migration patterns. This paper evaluates whether low budget permanent cameras such as webcams can offer a valuable contribution to the reporting of migratory birds. An experimental design was set up to study the detection capability using objects of different size, color and velocity. The results of the experiment revealed the minimum size, maximum velocity and contrast of the objects required for detection by a standard webcam. Furthermore, a modular processing scheme was proposed to track and follow migratory birds in webcam recordings. Techniques such as motion detection by background subtraction, stereo vision and lens distortion were combined to form the foundation of the bird tracking algorithm. Additional research to integrate webcam networks, however, is needed and future research should enforce the potential of the processing scheme by exploring and testing alternatives of each individual module or processing step.
Electron Tunneling Through an Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Thin Film on NiAl(110) in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (2002)

We calculate electron tunneling for an Al2O3/NiAl(110) structure in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) by employing a simple and exactly solvable one-dimensional model. The calculation reproduces the essential features of the apparent height of an Al2O3 thin film vs. sample bias curve for an Al2O3(0.5 nm)/NiAl(110) structure studied by Hansen et al. [Surf. Sci. 475 (2001) 96] for the appropriate electron affinity of the Al2O3 film, about 1.35 eV. Origins of fine structures found in the calculated transmission probability vs. sample bias curves are discussed.
Tolerance of CD8+ T cells developing in parent--&gt;F1 chimeras prepared with supralethal irradiation: step-wise induction of tolerance in the intrathymic and extrathymic environments. (1993)

Tolerance of CD8+ cells was examined in parent-->F1 bone marrow chimeras (BMC) prepared with supralethal irradiation; host class I expression in the chimeras was limited to non-BM-derived cells. In terms of helper-independent proliferative responses in vitro and induction of graft-vs.-host disease on adoptive transfer, CD8+ cells from long-term chimeras showed profound tolerance to host antigens irrespective of whether the cells were prepared from the thymus or from spleen or lymph nodes. By limiting dilution analysis, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) precursors specific for host antigens were rare in the extrathymic lymphoid tissues. In the thymus, by contrast, host-specific CTL precursors were only slightly less frequent than in normal parental strain mice. These host-specific CD8+ cells survived when BMC thymocytes were transferred intravenously to a neutral environment, i.e., to donor strain mice. When transferred to further BMC hosts, however, most of the host-reactive cells disappeared. Collectively, the data suggest that tolerance of CD8+ cells in BMC hosts occurs in both the intrathymic and extrathymic environments. In the thymus, contact with host antigens on thymic epithelial cells deletes CD8+ cells controlling helper-independent proliferative responses and in vivo effector functions but spares typical helper-dependent CTL precursors. After export from the thymus, most of the CTL precursors are eliminated after contacting host antigens on stromal cells in the extrathymic environment.
Fundamental Physics for Probing and Imaging (2006)

Abstract Physics has reduced fear and increased safety for society, largely by extending the power to see. The methods used are magnetic resonance, ionising radiation and sound, with their extensions. This textbook expounds the fundamental physics of these. It follows how they are applied by modern technology to #x201C;seeing#x201D; in clinical medicine including therapy and in other spheres of human activity such as archaeology, geophysics, security and navigation. By taking a broad view over the whole field, the book encourages comparisons, underlines the importance of public education and reaches fresh conclusions of some political importance concerning safety. This textbook has developed from a course given to third year students at Oxford and is written so that it can be used coherently as a basis for shorter courses by omitting certain chapters.
Synthesis of Spherical β‐Silicon Carbide Particles by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (1996)

Fine agglomerate‐free spherical β‐SiC powder was synthesized from a dispersion of colloidal silica, saccharose, and boric acid, by means of an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. Droplets of 2.2 μm were formed with an aerosol generator, operated at 2.5 MHz, and carried into a reaction furnace at 900°C with argon. Spherical X‐ray amorphous gel particles of 1.1 μm were obtained. β‐SiC particles with a mean diameter of 0.79 μm and spherical shape resulted when the SiC gel precursor particles were heated at 1500°C in argon.
Monocyte responses to sulfatide from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: inhibition of priming for enhanced release of superoxide, associated with increased secretion of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and altered protein phosphorylation (1991)

In monocytes, sulfatide, a lipid from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, blocked priming for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) by the macrophage activating factors lipopolysaccharide, gamma interferon, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and muramyl dipeptide. Sulfatide, in the presence of lipopolysaccharide, also caused increased secretion of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha into monocyte culture medium. Sulfatide altered the pattern of phosphorylation of monocyte proteins. Cell lysates prepared from monocytes treated with sulfatide showed decreased activity of protein kinase C, but sulfatide did not directly inhibit protein kinase C activity when added to lysates. A known inhibitor of protein kinase C, staurosporine, also inhibited O2- release and caused increased secretion of IL-1 beta. Thus, sulfatide appeared to indirectly affect protein kinase C, implicating protein kinase C as part of the mechanism of priming. Because sulfatide blocked priming for enhanced release of O2-, which could interfere with monocyte bactericidal activity, while causing enhanced secretion of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, which could promote formation of granulomata, sulfatide might be an important factor in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis.
Primary Dissolution Therapy of Struvite Calculi (1984)

Percutaneous nephrostomy and hemiacidrin were used as primary treatment of magnesium ammonium phosphate calculi in 32 surgical candidates. Of 28 patients who actually received hemiacidrin 24 (85 per cent) had successful treatment (no surgery necessary), including 19 (68 per cent) who had total stone dissolution. There were no significant complications. Patients have been followed for 3 months to 7 years. Percutaneous nephrostomy with hemiacidrin infusion is another possible treatment in the growing alternatives available for patients with urinary struvite calculi.
Utilización de una plataforma de enseñanza virtual como apoyo al seguimiento del practicum en la titulación de maestro de Educación Infantil (2007)

Resumen. Una asignatura practica donde los estudiantes tienen un contacto escaso con el tutor requiere el apoyo de una herramienta que facilite la interaccion y mejore el proceso E/A. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido evaluar la utilidad de una herramienta de aprendizaje virtual en el contexto de una asignatura practica de caracter semipresencial. Los resultados indican que permite atender de manera individualizada a las necesidades de cada estudiante; permite recoger informacion en relacion con problemas comunes facilitando una respuesta especializada; genera vias de comunicacion entre estudiantes superando el ostracismo del formato de practicas en el que cada uno esta en un colegio y es dificil interactuar con companeros; y contribuye a optimizar las reuniones presenciales..
Machine Learning and Visualization in Clinical Decision Support: Current State and Future Directions (2019)

Deep learning, an area of machine learning, is set to revolutionize patient care. But it is not yet part of standard of care, especially when it comes to individual patient care. In fact, it is unclear to what extent data-driven techniques are being used to support clinical decision making (CDS). Heretofore, there has not been a review of ways in which research in machine learning and other types of data-driven techniques can contribute effectively to clinical care and the types of support they can bring to clinicians. In this paper, we consider ways in which two data driven domains - machine learning and data visualizations - can contribute to the next generation of clinical decision support systems. We review the literature regarding the ways heuristic knowledge, machine learning, and visualization are - and can be - applied to three types of CDS. There has been substantial research into the use of predictive modeling for alerts, however current CDS systems are not utilizing these methods. Approaches that leverage interactive visualizations and machine-learning inferences to organize and review patient data are gaining popularity but are still at the prototype stage and are not yet in use. CDS systems that could benefit from prescriptive machine learning (e.g., treatment recommendations for specific patients) have not yet been developed. We discuss potential reasons for the lack of deployment of data-driven methods in CDS and directions for future research.
Regulation of colony-stimulating factor 1-dependent macrophage precursor proliferation by type <i>beta</i> transforming growth factor. (1988)

Transforming growth factor (TGF) type beta, a potent growth modulator, has recently been shown to inhibit the proliferation and function of several types of immune cells. This report investigates the effect of human platelet purified TGF-beta on CSF-1-induced proliferation in liquid cultures. We used two cell types to study TGF-beta effects, bone marrow precursors and a c-myc partially transformed CSF-1-dependent macrophage cell line designated BMM-8. We found that CSF-1-dependent proliferation of both cell types was strongly inhibited by TGF-beta in a dose-dependent manner. Approximately 1.6 and 8 pM TGF-beta inhibited 50% of CSF-1 proliferation of the bone marrow precursors and BMM-8, respectively. Inhibition appeared to be reversible, as bone marrow and BMM-8 cells proliferated in response to CSF-1 after preincubation of the cells in TGF-beta. Interestingly, inhibition of hematopoietic cells was observed only after a lag period of 24 to 48 h after onset of cultures. TGF-beta inhibition was partially diminished when increasing amounts of CSF-1 were added to the cultures. TGF-beta inhibition did not involve secondary inhibitory factors such as IFN or PG, both of which have been previously shown to suppress CSF responsiveness. Finally, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle indicated that within 48 h, TGF-beta-treated BMM-8 cells were prevented from entering S phase. These results suggest that TGF-beta may play an important role in the negative regulation of macrophage production.
Simultaneous Separation of Soya Bean and Animal Whey Proteins by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Quantitative Analysis in Edible Samples (1997)

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed successfully for the simultaneous and rapid separation of the main soya bean proteins (globulins) and animal whey proteins (alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin). This method consisted of a linear gradient of two mobile phases (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile). For the first time, soya bean globulins were separated from animal whey proteins. The analysis time for this separation was 20 min, eluting soya bean globulins in the first 10 min. The method was applied to quantify soya bean proteins in soya bean commercial milks with the possibility of detecting the presence of animal whey proteins. Adulteration of a powdered soya bean milk by animal whey proteins was detected. The possibility of detecting the presence of soya bean proteins in animal milks was also studied.
Kinetics of the Reactive Sputter Deposition of Titanium Oxides (1976)

The reactive sputtering of titanium was studied in an rf plasma containing argon and oxygen. The kinetics of the reactive sputtering process and the properties of deposited titanium oxide films were studied as a function of the oxygen partial pressure in the plasma, bias voltage, and rf power. Models for the transient oxidation of titanium were explored in relation to oxidation mechanisms. Model parameters were determined from experimental studies. The sputter etch rate of the titanium target reached a maximum at an oxygen mole fraction of 0.002. The sputter deposition rate was found to decrease sharply at a critical oxygen mole fraction equal to 0.007, corresponding to the onset of target oxidation. The time dependence of the target oxidation process was found to be in qualitative agreement with a reactive sputter‐oxidation model.
Teaching trauma without traumatizing: A pilot study of a graduate counseling psychology cohort. (2008)

The author presents the findings of a pilot study examining students' experiences of Black's (2006) model for teaching a graduate trauma counseling course. Ten counseling psychology graduate studen...
In Vivo Regulation of Bcl6 and T Follicular Helper Cell Development (2010)

Follicular helper T (T(FH)) cells, defined by expression of the surface markers CXCR5 and programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and synthesis of IL-21, require upregulation of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 for their development and function in B cell maturation in germinal centers. We have explored the role of B cells and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-21 in the in vivo regulation of Bcl6 expression and T(FH) cell development. We found that T(FH) cells are characterized by a Bcl6-dependent downregulation of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL1, a CCL19- and CCL21-binding protein), indicating that, like CXCR5 and PD-1 upregulation, modulation of PSGL1 expression is part of the T(FH) cell program of differentiation. B cells were neither required for initial upregulation of Bcl6 nor PSGL1 downregulation, suggesting these events preceded T-B cell interactions, although they were required for full development of the T(FH) cell phenotype, including CXCR5 and PD-1 upregulation, and IL-21 synthesis. Bcl6 upregulation and T(FH) cell differentiation were independent of IL-6 and IL-21, revealing that either cytokine is not absolutely required for development of Bcl6(+) T(FH) cells in vivo. These data increase our understanding of Bcl6 regulation in T(FH) cells and their differentiation in vivo and identifies a new surface marker that may be functionally relevant in this subset.
Quinazolinone Sulfonamides. A New Class of Diuretic Agents<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuinazolinone Sulfonamides. A New Class of Diuretic Agents1Elliott Cohen, Betty Klarberg, and James R. Vaughan Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 11, 2731–2735Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01496a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01496a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The integrated airport &#x2014; A NextGen test bed (2008)

The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) will significantly increase the safety, security, and capacity of air transportation operations in order to handle the dramatic increases in air traffic that are forecast by 2025 New technology, procedures, and airport infrastructure will be required in order to evolve Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and aviation industry systems to meet these challenges. NextGen goals are to accommodate flight operator preferences, to the maximum extent possible, and to impose restrictions only when a real operational need exists to meet capacity, safety, security or environmental constraints. So the Air Traffic Management system should adjust airspace and other assets to satisfy forecast demand, rather than constraining demand to match available assets. The new capabilities that will be required to meet these goals will need to be developed and tested in a realistic environment to validate the expected benefits and to develop low-risk approaches to evolving today's systems to provide these new NextGen capabilities. Test beds provide a "microcosm" of NAS systems to incubate initial concept evaluation prior to larger-scale field trials at a desired airport area test bed or at higher density airports. The Integrated Airport project is a test bed that supports the evolution to NextGen through operational research, evaluation and demonstration of synergy among available and emerging technologies. The project will show the feasibility of accelerating the implementation of concepts and capabilities that can substantially improve the operational effectiveness of the National Airspace System (NAS) for its stakeholders.
NEW CHANGE DETECTION MODELS FOR OBJECT-BASED ENCODING OF PATIENT MONITORING VIDEO (2005)

We found decreased QOL after short-term hypothyroidism, especially in physical health and psychological dimensions. We also found that patients became significantly depressed and anxious after levothyroxine withdrawal. Our findings suggest that alternative therapies, such as those employing rhTSH, should be considered for these patients. Psycho-oncological support might also be useful in helping them overcome their symptoms during short-term hypothyroidism; however, considering the reversibility of their symptoms, supportive care might be more effective.Key words: quality of life - anxiety - depression - thyroid cancer - hypothyroidism - levothyroxine - whole body scanning.
Preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast lesions using a wire marker and perforated mammographic grid. (1983)

Preoperative wire localization of mammographically identified nonpalpable breast lesions is facilitated by using a perforated mammographic compression plate. This device is used in conjunction with a self-retaining wire, and its use results in accurate placement of the wire-marker tip in close proximity to the mammographically suspicious lesion. In 39 of 47 lesions, the wire tip was within 1.0 cm of the lesion, and in 45 of 47 lesions, the wire tip was within 1.5 cm of the lesion.
Effects of multivitamin/mineral supplementation on plasma levels of nutrients. Report No. 4 of the Italian-American clinical trial of nutritional supplements and age-related cataract. (2009)

The use of multivitamin-mineral supplements has become increasingly common, but whether the use of such supplements improves micronutrient status remains still unclear. The objective of this report is to investigate how a long-term vitamin-mineral supplementation following the US Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) affected the plasma levels of selected nutrients in a subset (No. = 407) of participants in the Italian-American Clinical Trial of Nutritional Supplements and Age-related Cataract (CTNS). The CTNS was a double-blind, single centre, controlled clinical trial of 1020 participants aged 55-75 years randomized to a daily tablet of Centrum(R) or placebo. A representative sample of 40% of the 1020 subjects, whom plasma level of selected vitamins was determined at the baseline, was retested throughout the treatment period that averaged 9.0 +/- 2.4 years. Participants assigned to Centrum(R) showed a significant increase (p < 0.005) in mean/median plasma levels of vitamin E, beta-carotene, folate, and vitamin B12, and an improved riboflavin status when compared with participants assigned to placebo. Differences concerning vitamin C were statistically less relevant and those concerning vitamin A were at a borderline level. In the treated group the effect of supplementation on plasma levels of vitamins A, E, and C, and on the glutathione reductase activation coefficient was significantly higher in participants with lower nutritional status at baseline.
Enhancing Anonymity of Bitcoin Based on Ring Signature Algorithm (2017)

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency, widely used for its perceived anonymity property, and has surged in popularity in recent years. Bitcoin publishes the complete transaction history in a public ledger, under pseudonyms of users. This is an alternative way to prevent double-spending attack instead of central authority. Therefore, if pseudonyms of users are attached to their identities in real world, the anonymity of Bitcoin will be a serious vulnerability. It is necessary to enhance anonymity of Bitcoin by a coin mixing service or other modifications in Bitcoin protocol. But in a coin mixing service, the relationship among input and output addresses is not hidden from the mixing service provider. So the mixing server still has the ability to track the transaction records of Bitcoin users. To solve this problem, We present a new coin mixing scheme to ensure that the relationship between input and output addresses of any users is invisible for the mixing server. We make use of a ring signature algorithm to ensure that the mixing server can't distinguish specific transaction from all these addresses. The ring signature ensures that a signature is signed by one of its users in the ring and doesn't leak any information about who signed it. Furthermore, the scheme is fully compatible with existing Bitcoin protocol and easily to scale for large amount of users.