gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chemistry of Fluorene and its Derivatives. (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThe Chemistry of Fluorene and its Derivatives.George. Rieveschl and Francis Earl. RayCite this: Chem. Rev. 1938, 23, 2, 287–389Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60075a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60075a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2135Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication and characterization of contact lenses bearing surface‐immobilized layers of intact liposomes (2007)

Intact liposomes were immobilized onto soft contact lenses. In the first step, polyethylenimine was covalently bounded onto the hydroxyl groups available on the surface of a commercial contact lens (Hioxifilcon B). Then, NHS-PEG-biotin molecules were bounded onto the surface amine groups by carbodiimide chemistry. NeutrAvidin were bounded onto the PEG-biotin layer. Liposomes containing PEG-biotinylated lipids were docked onto the surface-immobilized NeutrAvidin. Consecutive addition of further NeutrAvidin and liposome layers enabled fabrication of multilayers. Multilayers of liposomes were also produced by exposing contact lenses coated with NeutrAvidin to liposome aggregates produced by the addition of free biotin in solution. XPS revealed the immobilization of the different layers. By blocking with excess biotin surface-immobilized NeutrAvidin on contact lenses bearing PEG-biotin layers produced under cloud point conditions, ELISA showed that the docking of NeutrAvidin was dependent on biotin-NeutrAvidin affinity binding, with little evidence for nonspecific physisorption; however, it was not possible to differentiate specific versus nonspecific binding of NeutrAvidin attached onto PEG-biotin layers grafted without cloud point conditions. AFM imaging revealed liposome sizes of 106 and 155 nm for layers of liposomes produced (i) by the consecutive addition of further NeutrAvidin and liposomes and (ii) by the exposure of NeutrAvidin-coated contact lenses to liposome aggregates, respectively. The release kinetics of a fluorescent dye demonstrated that intact liposomes had been immobilized onto contact lens surfaces. The stability of surface-immobilized liposomes onto contact lens surfaces showed temperature dependence. Surface-bound liposomes can be stored up to 1 month at 4 degrees C with little release of their content.
Comparative adherence of granulocytes to endothelial monolayers and nylon fiber. (1978)

Adherence of granulocytes to tissue culture monolayers of endothelium averaged 26.2 +/- 1.3% SEM, which was similar to their adherence on 50-mg nylon fiber columns (27.7 +/- 3.6%). In contrast, adherence to epithelial cells, fibroblasts, kidney cells, and plastic Petri dishes without monolayers was only 12.4, 9.9, 11.1, and 4.3%, respectively. Cyclic nucleotides and adherence-modifying plasma factors induced changes of adherence to endothelium similar to those in nylon fiber columns. Adherence of granulocytes in whole blood was the same as for purified granulocytes in Hank's balanced salt solution. Exposure of endothelial monolayers to 0.18% trypsin for 10 min reduced subsequent granulocyte adherence to 25.2% of control values. Incubation of trypsin-treated monolayers with nutrient medium for 4 h did not improve adherence, but values returned to normal or above by 24 h, with or without serum proteins present in the nutrient medium. The similarity of granulocyte adherence to nylon fiber and to endothelial monolayers in vitro suggests that results with the nylon fiber assay reflect in vivo granulocyte-endothelium interaction. Furthermore, the endothelial monolayer offers a new model for studying this cell-cell relationship in vitro.
<scp>D</scp>(+)-Biotin (2014)

[58-85-5] C10H16N2O3S (MW 244.31 g mol−1) InChI = 1S/C10H16N2O3S/c13-8(14)4-2-1-3-7-9-6(5-16-7)11-10(15)12-9/h6-7,9H,1-5H2,(H,13,14)(H2,11,12,15)/t6-,7-,9-/m0/s1 InChIKey = YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (this reagent exhibits exceptionally high binding affinity to avidin and streptavidin. It is therefore applied in biotechnology for the labeling and purification of proteins) Alternate Names: 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid; vitamin B7; coenzyme R. Physical Data: mp 232–233 °C Solubility: barely soluble in water and ethanol. Soluble in DMF and DMSO. Form Supplied in: colorless powder; commercially available.
Thermoremanent Duplication of Magnetic Tape Recordings (1971)

Magnetic recordings may be copied from one Crolyn® chromium dioxide tape to another by a simple thermal method. Surface of the copy tape is heated transiently above the Curie point (125 °C) and immediately placed in intimate contact with the master tape. At the shortest wavelength, signal level of the copy is equal to that of the master, which suffers no loss in the copy process. Thermoremanent duplicators for helical-scan videotapes are described. No plans to manufacture the thermoremanent duplicators have been made but development of the machine is continuing to establish the complete validity of copying video recordings on Crolyn tape by the thermal method.
Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori Motility by (+)-Syringaresinol from Unripe Japanese Apricot (2006)

A methanol extract from unripe Japanese apricot showed inhibitory activity of Helicobacter pylori motility. Inhibitory compound 1 was isolated and identified as (+)-syringaresinol (1) by spectoroscopic means. (+)-Syringaresinol (1) inhibited >90% of the H. pylori motility at a concentration of 500 microg/ml and the IC50 value was 50 microg/ml.
Multimodal Translation System Using Texture-Mapped Lip-Sync Images for Video Mail and Automatic Dubbing Applications (2004)

We introduce a multimodal English-to-Japanese and Japanese-to-English translation system that also translates the speaker's speech motion by synchronizing it to the translated speech. This system also introduces both a face synthesis technique that can generate any viseme lip shape and a face tracking technique that can estimate the original position and rotation of a speaker's face in an image sequence. To retain the speaker's facial expression, we substitute only the speech organ's image with the synthesized one, which is made by a 3D wire-frame model that is adaptable to any speaker. Our approach provides translated image synthesis with an extremely small database. The tracking motion of the face from a video image is performed by template matching. In this system, the translation and rotation of the face are detected by using a 3D personal face model whose texture is captured from a video frame. We also propose a method to customize the personal face model by using our GUI tool. By combining these techniques and the translated voice synthesis technique, an automatic multimodal translation can be achieved that is suitable for video mail or automatic dubbing systems into other languages.
The Relationships Between Inter-recti Distance Measured by Ultrasound Imaging and Abdominal Muscle Function in Postpartum Women: A 6-Month Follow-up Study (2011)

The IRD and abdominal muscle function of postpartum women improved but had not returned to normal values at 6 months after childbirth. Future research is essential to explore the need for intervention and, if needed, the effectiveness of specific intervention to reduce the size of IRD in postpartum women.
A more efficient current source inverter with series connected AC capacitors for photovoltaic and fuel cell applications (2008)

Renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PVs) or fuel cells (FCs) are not fitted for direct power grid connection because they deliver DC voltage and current. In addition, they also have a high internal resistance/nonlinear V/I dependence, which is why a power electronic interface is always needed. This paper presents the implementation of a three-phase power electronic interface for PV/FCs that uses a single conversion stage approach based on a current source inverter (CSI) topology with series connected capacitors, that would need only six reverse blocking IGBTs and due to the possibility to reduce the AC voltage at high load, would reduce the size of magnetics and the losses compared to a standard CSI.
<i>In Vivo</i> Profiling of Hypoxic Gene Expression in Gliomas Using the Hypoxia Marker EF5 and Laser-capture Microdissection (2011)

Hypoxia is a key determinant of tumor aggressiveness, yet little is known regarding hypoxic global gene regulation in vivo. We used the hypoxia marker EF5 coupled with laser-capture microdissection to isolate RNA from viable hypoxic and normoxic regions of 9L experimental gliomas. Through microarray analysis, we identified several mRNAs (including the HIF targets Vegf, Glut-1, and Hsp27) with increased levels under hypoxia compared with normoxia both in vitro and in vivo. However, we also found striking differences between the global in vitro and in vivo hypoxic mRNA profiles. Intriguingly, the mRNA levels of a substantial number of immunomodulatory and DNA repair proteins including CXCL9, CD3D, and RAD51 were found to be downregulated in hypoxic areas in vivo, consistent with a protumorigenic role of hypoxia in solid tumors. Immunohistochemical staining verified increased HSP27 and decreased RAD51 protein levels in hypoxic versus normoxic tumor regions. Moreover, CD8(+) T cells, which are recruited to tumors upon stimulation by CXCL9 and CXCL10, were largely excluded from viable hypoxic areas in vivo. This is the first study to analyze the influence of hypoxia on mRNA levels in vivo and can be readily adapted to obtain a comprehensive picture of hypoxic regulation of gene expression and its influence on biological functions in solid tumors.
A comparative study for XML change detection. (2002)

Change detection is an important part of version management for databases and document archives. The success of XML has recently renewed interest in change detection ontrees and semi-structured data, and various algorithms have been proposed. We study here different algorithms and representations of changes based on their formal definition and on experiments conducted over XML data from the Web. Our goal is to provide an evaluation of the quality of the results, the performance of the tools and, based on this, guide the users in choosing the appropriate solution for their applications.
Acute Toxicity Of Marking Pen Emissions (2003)

To evaluate complaints of adverse reactions to marking pen emissions, groups of mice were exposed for 1 h to the emissions of 8 brands of felt-tip markers or white-board cleaner. Pneumotachographs and a computerized version of ASTM E-981 test method were used to measure changes in respiration. Sensory irritation (SI), pulmonary irritation (PI), and/or air flow limitation (AFL) of differing intensities were documented with each of the eight brands tested. At the peak of the effects, the largest SI was observed with pen F (72% of the breaths); the largest PI occurred with pen D (13% of the breaths), and the largest AFL was seen with pen F (25% of the breaths). Pens G and H produced minimal SI, PI, or AFL. A functional observational battery was used to screen for signs of neurotoxicity. Emissions from all eight of the pens produced behavioral abnormalities such as altered posture and gait, tremors, falling, and hyperactivity. The exposure concentrations were similar to the total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) values near marking pens in actual use. Gas chromatography identified mixtures of alcohols, acetates, and/or ketones. Exposures to white-board cleaner solution resulted in similar toxicity ( SI, PI, AFL, and neurotoxicity). These results document that some marking pens and white-board cleaner emit mixtures of chemicals that can produce acute respiratory toxicity and acute behavioral abnormalities in normal mice. These results provide a toxicological explanation for some of the human complaints concerning respiratory and neurological reactions to marking pen emissions.
The education of a surgeon under thomas vicary (1920)

The education of a surgeon under thomas vicary D'Arcy Power, K.B.E. D'Arcy Power, K.B.E. London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 8, Issue 31, January 1920, Pages 240–258, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800083103 Published: 08 December 2005
PYRAMID-a hierarchical, rule-based approach toward proximity effect correction. I. Exposure estimation (1998)

One of the major limiting factors in electron beam (e-beam) lithography is the undesired development of circuit area caused by electron scattering (the proximity effect). Since the proximity effect imposes a severe limitation on the ultimate resolution attainable with electron beam lithography, it is important to examine ways in which the proximity effect can be reduced. In order to develop a fast and efficient proximity effect correction scheme it is necessary to have a fast and accurate technique for finding the exposure (energy) deposited at any given point in the circuit pattern. In this paper we present the hierarchical digital signal processing (DSP) model utilized by PYRAMID (our proximity effect correction scheme) to estimate these exposures. Our approach employs a two part hierarchical estimation technique which is several orders of magnitude faster than a direct (spatial domain or FFT-based) convolution yet is able to predict the result of an exposure with a high degree of accuracy. A detailed description of our method of exposure estimation is followed by a thorough analysts of its performance through simulation and experimental results.
Alleviation of Thermoregulatory Dysfunction with the New Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Desvenlafaxine Succinate in Ovariectomized Rodent Models (2006)

Hot flushes and night sweats, referred to as vasomotor symptoms (VMS), are presumed to be a result of declining hormone levels and are the principal menopausal symptoms for which women seek medical treatment. To date, estrogens and/or some progestins are the most effective therapeutics for alleviating VMS; however, these therapies may not be appropriate for all women. Therefore, nonhormonal therapies are being evaluated. The present study investigated a new reuptake inhibitor, desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS), in animal models of temperature dysfunction. Both models used are based on measuring changes in tail-skin temperature (TST) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The first relies on naloxone-induced withdrawal in morphine-dependent (MD) OVX rats, resulting in an acute rise in TST. The second depends on an OVX-induced loss of TST decreases during the dark phase as measured by telemetry. An initial evaluation demonstrated abatement of the rise in TST with long-term administration of ethinyl estradiol or with a single oral dose of DVS (130 mg/kg) in the MD model. Further evaluation showed that orally administered DVS acutely and dose dependently (10-100 mg/kg) abated a naloxone-induced rise in TST of MD rats and alleviated OVX-induced temperature dysfunction in the telemetry model. Oral administration of DVS to OVX rats caused significant increases in serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus, a key region of the brain involved in temperature regulation. These preclinical studies provide evidence that DVS directly impacts thermoregulatory dysfunction in OVX rats and may have utility in alleviating VMS associated with menopause.
Area and latency improvements for direct digital synthesis using the residue number system (2002)

Two residue number system-based direct digital synthesizers are presented. The High-Agility Direct Synthesizer exhibits a frequency switching latency which is reduced by as much as 50% below that of traditional, binary number system-based designs. The Reduced Area Direct Synthesizer has a chip area which is reduced by more than 40%. The area reduction is due primarily to the decomposition of the sine ROM into several small look-up tables, while the latency reduction is due to the shortening of the carry paths in the phase accumulator.
Strongly adhesive and flexible transparent silver nanowire conductive films fabricated with a high-intensity pulsed light technique (2012)

Large-scale silver nanowire (AgNW) mesh films have received increasing attention as new transparent conductive films used in various printed devices. However, there are two crucial issues in implementing AgNWs that need to be addressed: (1) strong adhesion between AgNW film and substrate and (2) high conductivity with short treatment time for low-cost printed technology. Here, a high-intensity pulsed light (HIPL) sintering technique, which provides extreme heating locally in the AgNW film and at the interface between the film and polymer substrate, sinters the AgNW film to produce high conductivity with strong adhesion on the substrate. Importantly, light intensity, exposure time, and AgNW amount can be adjusted simply to form films that meet specific device needs. A flexible AgNW film with sheet resistance of 19 Ω sq−1 and transmittance of 83% at 550 nm is obtained with only one-step on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate with a light intensity of 1.14 J cm−2 under an exposure time of only 50 μs. The film can endure multiple peeling tests, which will play an important role in printed electronics.
Defect-Dominated Shape Recovery of Nanocrystals: A New Strategy for Trimetallic Catalysts (2013)

Here we present a shape recovery phenomenon of Pt-Ni bimetallic nanocrystals that is unequivocally attributed to the defect effects. High-resolution electron microscopy revealed the overall process of conversion from concave octahedral Pt3Ni to regular octahedral Pt3Ni@Ni upon Ni deposition. Further experiments and theoretical investigations indicated that the intrinsic defect-dominated growth mechanism allows the site-selective nucleation of a third metal around the defects to achieve the sophisticated design of trimetallic Pt3Ni@M core-shell structures (M = Au, Ag, Cu, Rh). Consideration of geometrical and electronic effects indicated that trimetallic atomic steps in Pt3Ni@M could serve as reactive sites to significantly improve the catalytic performance, and this was corroborated by several model reactions. The synthesis strategy based on our work paves the way for the atomic-level design of trimetallic catalysts.
Critical care management of head trauma in children (2002)

Trauma is the leading cause of both morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population, and traumatic injury causes > 50% of all childhood deaths. Significant mortality rates have been reported for children with traumatic brain injury. Although children have better survival rates as compared with adults with traumatic brain injury, the long-term sequelae and consequences are often more devastating in children due to their age and developmental potential. The costs involved in the care of a child with severe traumatic brain injury, extended over that child's lifetime, are significant. It is unfortunate that despite preventive measures, traumatic brain injury remains the major morbidity and mortality factor for children.
Relativistic laser plasma interactions (2003)

By focusing petawatt peak power laser light to intensities up to 10 21 W cm -2 , highly relativistic plasmas can now be studied. The force exerted by light pulses with this extreme intensity has been used to accelerate beams of electrons and protons to energies of a million volts in distances of only microns. This acceleration gradient is a thousand times greater than in radio-frequency-based accelerators. Such novel compact laser-based radiation sources have been demonstrated to have parameters that are useful for research in medicine, physics and engineering. They might also someday be used to ignite controlled thermonuclear fusion. Ultrashort pulse duration particles and x-rays that are produced can resolve chemical, biological or physical reactions on ultrafast (femtosecond) timescales and on atomic spatial scales. These energetic beams have produced an array of nuclear reactions, resulting in neutrons, positrons and radioactive isotopes. As laser intensities increase further and laser-accelerated protons become relativistic, exotic plasmas, such as dense electron-positron plasmas, which are of astrophysical interest, can be created in the laboratory. This paper reviews many of the recent advances in relativistic laser-plasma interactions.
Platelet hypersensitivity induced by cholesterol incorporation. (1975)

Platelets from individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia show increased sensitivity to the aggregating atents, epinephrine and ADP. Since the mechanism of this abnormal sensitivity is unknown, we examined, in vitro, the influence of the plasma lipid environment on the function of platelets. The composition of plasma lipids was altered by the addition of sonicated cholesterol-dipalmitoyl lecithin liposomes which were "cholesterol normal" (cholesterol-phospholipid mole ratio [C/P] equals 1.0, "cholesterol rich" (C/P eauals 2.2), or "cholesterol poor" (C/P equals 0). Cholesterol-normal liposomes had no influence on platelet lipids or platelet function. In contrast, after incubation for 5 h at 37 degrees C with cholesterol-rich liposomes, normal platelets acquired 39.2% excess cholesterol with no change in phospholipids or protein. The percent increase in platelet membrane cholesterol was three-fold that of the granule fraction. The acquisition of cholesterol by platelets was associated with a 35-fold increase in sensitivity to epinephrine-induced aggregation (P less than 0.001) and 15-fold increase to ADP aggregation (P less than 0.001), as determined both by aggregometry and by [13C]serotonin release. Response to thrombin or collagen was unchanged. Platelets incubated with cholesterol-poor liposomes underwent a selective loss of 21.4% cholesterol and this was associated with an 18-fold reduction in their sensitivity to epinephrine. These studies demonstrate that the cholesterol content of platelets is dependent on the lipid composition of the milier. Cholesterol acquired by platelets may exert its effect on platelet function by a modification of the platelet membrane.