gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transgenic mice to study T-cell receptor gene regulation and repertoire formation (1989)

Transgenic mice have been obtained with genes coding for an alpha beta T-cell receptor that recognizes the male-specific antigen H-Y in association with the Db class I major histocompatibility complex molecule. Most if not all of the T-cells express the beta chain encoded by the transgene and show allelic exclusion of endogenous beta genes. In contrast, the expression of the alpha transgene does not completely block rearrangement and formation of functional endogenous alpha genes. In H-2b transgenic female mice the transgenic T-cell receptor is functionally expressed on at least 30% of CD8+ peripheral T-lymphocytes as indicated by their ability to lyse male target cells. Also in transgenic H-2b male mice a large proportion of peripheral T-cells appear to express the transgenic receptor. However, these cells do not react with male target cells because they show only low level or no expression of CD8 cell interaction molecules. Tolerance is established in the male transgenic thymus through deletion of CD4+CD8+ immature thymocytes.
General Methods for Synthesis of <i>N</i>‐Methyliminodiacetic Acid Boronates from Unstable <i>ortho</i>‐Phenolboronic Acids (2014)

Abstract A range of N ‐methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronates of commercially available but unstable ortho ‐phenolboronic acid derivatives can be readily prepared through simple condensation between the corresponding phenolboronic acids and MIDA in the presence of molecular sieves. The resulting MIDA boronates are bench‐top stable and display a remarkable stability even in DMSO solution at high temperature (>120 °C) compared with their parent boronic acids. Moreover, the utility of the resulting MIDA boronate was successfully demonstrated in a cross‐coupling reaction using the slow‐release protocol to afford the cross‐coupled product in much better yield compared with its parent boronic acid counterpart. In addition, an alternative, but more efficient, synthetic route for difficult‐to‐access ortho ‐phenol MIDA boronates has been developed through the MIDA boronate formation of methoxymethyl (MOM) protected ortho ‐phenolboronic acid, followed by deprotection of the MOM group with TMSCl under ambient conditions. magnified image
Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of InP using phosphine modulation (1993)

In this study, a new epitaxial growth process was developed using phosphine modulation using conventional metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. With this method, phosphine was switched off a short time in each cycle and provided a metal-rich growth surface. With higher surface mobility of indium atoms than that of InP molecules, crystal quality was improved significantly. Photoluminescence full width at half-maximum 5.6 meV at 77 K was achieved under optimum growth conditions.
C‐terminal modifizierte Peptide und Peptidbibliotheken — ein neuer Zugang zu Peptiden vom „anderen Ende” her (1997)

Konventionelle Festphasen‐Peptidsynthese und ein neuartiger Inversionsschritt machen C‐terminal modifizierte Peptide leicht zugänglich (Prinzip siehe unten). Diese Verbindungen haben wichtige biologische Aufgaben und finden in der Forschung eine breite Anwendung. magnified image
Building Task-Based User Interfaces with ANSI/CEA-2018 (2009)

The recently approved ANSI/CEA-2018 standard is motivated by the current usability crisis in computer controlled electronic products. The standard facilitates a new user interface design methodology that uses a task model at runtime to guide users.
Interstitial Radiation for Treatment of Primary Brain Tumors Using the Brown-Roberts-Wells Stereotaxic System (1985)

While techniques and practice of stereotaxic surgery have been available for decades, recent technical and theoretical advances have allowed for a rebirth of this neurosurgical subspecialty. One of the newer applications of this technique is the stereotaxic treatment of malignant brain tumors. This method depends on the CT-guided placement of a tiny coaxial catheter system precisely on target within the tumor area. Radioactive sources in the catheter deliver a precise amount of radiation over a specific time course. The system is then removed. Follow-up of the patients who undergo this procedure continues throughout their lives.
Assessing Data Reliability in an Information System (1987)

:Information is valuable if it derives from reliable data. However, measurements for data reliability have not been widely established in the area of information systems (is).This paper attempts to draw some concepts of reliability from the field of quality control and to apply them to is. The paper develops three measurements for data reliability: internal reliability—reflects the “commonly accepted” characteristics of various data items; relative reliability—indicates compliance of data to user requirements; and absolute reliability—determines the level of resemblance of data items to reality.The relationships between the three measurements are discussed, and the results of a field study are displayed and analyzed. The results provide some insightful information on the “shape” of the database that was inspected, as well as on the degree of rationality of some user requirements. General conclusions and avenues for future research are suggested.
Universal Identity Management Model Based on Anonymous Credentials (2010)

The relationship-focused and credential-focused identity management are both user-centric notions in Service-oriented architecture (SOA). For composite services, pure user-centric identity management is inefficient because each sub-service may authenticate and authorize users and users need participate in every identity provisioning transaction. If the above two paradigms are unified into the universal identity management model where identity information and privileges are delegatable, user-centricity will be more feasible in SOA. This paper aims to extend WS-Federation to build a universal identity management model based on anonymous credentials, which provides the delegation of anonymous credentials and combines identity metasystem to support easy-to-use, consistent experience and transparent security. In addition, the concept of self-generated pseudonym is introduced to construct efficient anonymous delegation model.
Duodenal delivery of levodopa for on‐off fluctuations in parkinsonism: Preliminary observations (1986)

The pathogenesis of on-off motor fluctuations in parkinsonism remains incompletely understood, but slowed or erratic gastric emptying of orally administered levodopa may be involved. In 3 patients with resistant on-off fluctuations, direct duodenal continuous infusion of levodopa via a nasoduodenal tube resulted in a heightened therapeutic effect, including a reduction in motor fluctuations. In 1 of these patients, continuous duodenal levodopa infusion produced greater benefit than did intermittent duodenal levodopa administration. Direct duodenal delivery of levodopa lessens the problems with gastric emptying and may be suitable for long-term therapy in selected patients with resistant on-off motor fluctuations.
Surface-induced resistivity of gold films on mica: comparison between the classical and the quantum theory (1999)

We report an extension of the theory of Sheng, Xing and Wang (SXW) (Sheng L, Xing D Y and Wang Z D 1995 Phys. Rev. B 51 7325), which permits the calculation of size effects from the statistical properties that characterize the surface on a microscopic scale, for samples in which the average height-height autocorrelation function (ACF) is described either by a Gaussian or by an exponential. We also report measurements of the topography of a gold film deposited on a mica substrate using a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) on a gold sample 70 nm thick deposited under ultrahigh vacuum on a mica substrate preheated to 300°C. From the STM images we compute the average ACF which characterizes the surface of the film on the scale of 10 nm × 10 nm, and determine by least-squares fitting the r.m.s. amplitude δ and the lateral correlation length ξ corresponding to a Gaussian and to an exponential that best represent the ACF data. Using the modified SXW (mSXW) theory and a Gaussian and an expon
Microwave and optical waveguides (1995)

Transmission lines. Rectangular waveguides. The planar dielectric waveguide. Circular metal pipe waveguide. Circular dielectric waveguides, the optical fibre. Appendices. Index.
Oral cancer incidence based on annual cancer statistics in Korea (2012)

The objective of this research was to determine the incidence of oral cancer in Korea. Materials and Methods: The classifications of oral and maxillofacial cancer (OMFC) that we used are based on possible locations of OMFC: lip, tongue, mouth, salivary glands, tonsil, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, pharynx unspecified, and nose, sinuses. Results: 1) There were 2,848 OMFC cases, accounting for 1.6% of all cancers. The male to female ratio was 2.72:1. 2) The estimated crude rates (CRs) were 5.7 overall, 8.4 for males, and 3.1 for females. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) were 4.6 overall, 7.3 for males and 2.3 for females.
Evaluación de la asignatura Medicina General Integral VII en el policlínico universitario (2012)

<strong>Background:</strong> the subject General Medicine VII is part of the guiding discipline in Medicine studies. It ensures that when Medicine Doctors obtain their degrees they have acquired all the knowledge that allows them to perform multiple tasks in health care services. <strong>Objective:</strong> to assess the subject General Medicine VII, in the university polyclinic as part of the educational process. <strong>Methods:</strong> we conducted a mixed research using quantitative and qualitative methods through a methodology that included the level of satisfaction of students, teachers, managers, and knowledge levels obtained by students. This methodology was applied in the fourth year of Medicine studies and in the four university polyclinics in the municipality of Cienfuegos, inserted into the new training model. <strong>Results: </strong>managers referred insufficient chances for exchanging with subordinates as well as for the profits of methodological activities, teachers were dissatisfied because of insufficient educational preparation and high work load and students reported difficulties with the availability and on-time delivery of textbooks, in addition to not having the necessary instrumentation for skills appropriation. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> we found that managers were dissatisfied with organizational and functional aspects, teachers with planning and implementation of the teaching process and students with the literature and the necessary tools while in teaching practice.
Tumor markers. An update approach for their prognostic significance. Part I. (2004)

Identification of prognostic tumor markers is a main strategy for planning treatment and predicting outcome of patients with various malignancies. This article reviews a panel of proliferation markers, hormone receptors, oncogene products and apoptosis regulators that have shown potential as prognostic indicators in common human cancers. At present, steroid receptors and the c-erbB-2 gene are the only tissue-based markers accepted in clinical practice, having an established role in breast cancer prognosis. Other markers e.g., the p53 gene, look promising as prognostic factors in different kinds of cancer.
Progress on the X-Ray Astronomy Experiment Proposed for Mirrabooka: The Balloon Flight of the Detector Concept Prototype (1987)

The technical aspects of a recently flown high attitude balloon payload are reviewed. Comparison is made between a project of this type and a real spacecraft situation.
Gabapentin for Hot Flashes in Prostate Cancer (2002)

Hot flashes resulting from antiandrogen or GnRH analog therapy are often difficult to treat and leave many patients disabled. Gabapentin has been shown to markedly reduce the severity, frequency, and duration of these hot flashes. Controlled trials are necessary to evaluate gabapentin against other therapeutic modalities.
Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) for preventing miscarriage (2013)

The evidence supporting hCG supplementation to prevent RM remains equivocal. A well-designed randomised controlled trial of adequate power and methodological quality is required to determine whether hCG is beneficial in RM.
Wireless sensor networks for soil science (2010)

Wireless sensor networks can revolutionise soil ecology by providing measurements at temporal and spatial granularities previously impossible. This paper presents our first steps towards fulfilling that goal by developing and deploying two experimental soil monitoring networks at urban forests in Baltimore, MD. The nodes of these networks periodically measure soil moisture and temperature and store the measurements in local memory. Raw measurements are incrementally retrieved by a sensor gateway and persistently stored in a database. The database also stores calibrated versions of the collected data. The measurement database is available to third-party applications through various Web Services interfaces. At a high level, the deployments were successful in exposing high-level variations of soil factors. However, we have encountered a number of challenging technical problems: need for low-level programming at multiple levels, calibration across space and time, and sensor faults. These problems must be addressed before sensor networks can fulfil their potential as high-quality instruments that can be deployed by scientists without major effort or cost.
Selective Targeting of TGF-β Activation to Treat Fibroinflammatory Airway Disease (2014)

Airway remodeling, caused by inflammation and fibrosis, is a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and currently has no effective treatment. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling in COPD. TGF-β is expressed in a latent form that requires activation. The integrin αvβ8 (encoded by the itgb8 gene) is a receptor for latent TGF-β and is essential for its activation. Expression of integrin αvβ8 is increased in airway fibroblasts in COPD and thus is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of airway remodeling in COPD. We demonstrate that an engineered optimized antibody to human αvβ8 (B5) inhibited TGF-β activation in transgenic mice expressing only human and not mouse ITGB8. The B5 engineered antibody blocked fibroinflammatory responses induced by tobacco smoke, cytokines, and allergens by inhibiting TGF-β activation. To clarify the mechanism of action of B5, we used hydrodynamic, mutational, and electron microscopic methods to demonstrate that αvβ8 predominantly adopts a constitutively active, extended-closed headpiece conformation. Epitope mapping and functional characterization of B5 revealed an allosteric mechanism of action due to locking-in of a low-affinity αvβ8 conformation. Collectively, these data demonstrate a new model for integrin function and present a strategy to selectively target the TGF-β pathway to treat fibroinflammatory airway diseases.
LeFlow: Automatic Compilation of TensorFlow Machine Learning Applications to FPGAs (2018)

Acceleration of Machine Learning applications on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) has shown to have advantages over other computing platforms in recent work. However, since machine learning code is often specified in a high-level software language such as Python, the manual translation of the algorithm to either C code for high-level synthesis or to Register Transfer Level (RTL) code for synthesis is time consuming and requires the designer to have expertise in designing hardware. In order to show how we can make FPGAs more accessible to software developers, we present a demonstration of LeFlow: an open-source tool which maps numerical computation models written in TensorFlow to synthesizable RTL. This demonstration includes two examples which begin with a model written in TensorFlow and show how a designer would use the LeFlow tool to generate Verilog, simulate the result, and synthesize the design to target FPGAs.
A light switch based on protein S-nitrosylation fine-tunes photosynthetic light-harvesting in the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2016)

Photosynthetic eukaryotes are challenged by a fluctuating light supply, demanding for a modulated expression of nucleus-encoded light-harvesting proteins associated with photosystem II (LHCII) to adjust light-harvesting capacity to the prevailing light conditions. Here, we provide clear evidence for a regulatory circuit that controls cytosolic LHCII translation in response to light quantity changes. In the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the cytosolic RNA-binding protein NAB1 represses translation of certain LHCII isoform mRNAs. Specific nitrosylation of Cys-226 decreases NAB1 activity and could be demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. The less active, nitrosylated form of NAB1 is found in cells acclimated to limiting light supply, which permits accumulation of light-harvesting proteins and efficient light capture. In contrast, elevated light supply causes its denitrosylation, thereby activating the repression of light-harvesting protein synthesis, which is needed to control excitation pressure at photosystem II. Denitrosylation of recombinant NAB1 is efficiently performed by the cytosolic thioredoxin system in vitro. To our knowledge, NAB1 is the first example of stimulus-induced denitrosylation in the context of photosynthetic acclimation. By identifying this novel redox cross-talk pathway between chloroplast and cytosol, we add a new key element required for drawing a precise blue print of the regulatory network of light harvesting.
Computer-assisted instruction in chemistry (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComputer-assisted instruction in chemistryStephen Lower , George Gerhold , Stanley G. Smith , K. Jeffrey Johnson , and John W. Moore Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 4, 219Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1979Published inissue 1 April 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ed056p219RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (7 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of group-common linear epitopes in structural and nonstructural proteins of enteroviruses by using synthetic peptides (1993)

Synthetic peptides were employed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to identify group-common linear epitopes in the structural and nonstructural proteins of enteroviruses. Nine linear epitopes were recognized by using sera from patients with heterotypic immunoglobulin G antibody responses to enterovirus infections. The most-reactive peptides were derived from conserved regions of the amino-terminal part of VP1, whereas peptides representing sequences from other conserved regions of VP1, as well as VP2, VP3, and VP4, and from a nonstructural region showed no or poor reactivity. These findings may be useful in the development of serological tests for the diagnosis of infections caused by a broad range of enteroviruses.
Reexamination of the efficacy of vaccination against mousepox. (1985)

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of three strains of vaccinia virus, IHD-T, Lister and Wyeth, to immunize the BALB/cByJ mouse against infection with ectromelia virus. Mice vaccinated with any of the strains were protected for at least 12 weeks against clinically apparent disease when challenged with cage-mates infected with a virulent stain (NIH-79) of ectromelia virus. However, 4 to 8 weeks after vaccination mice were capable of transmitting virus to non-vaccinated cage-mates. The results are discussed within the context of the current practices for preventing and controlling ectromelia epizootics.
Media protected surface micromachined leverage beam pressure sensor (2001)

In this paper we present the first surface micromachined ultraminiaturized, highly sensitive, pressure sensor that utilizes a force-transducing beam and a 2 µm thick polysilicon pressure sensing diaphragm as an encapsulation layer for high media isolation of the sensing piezoresistor. A beam is attached to the diaphragm at one end and to the cavity at the other end. The pressure-induced diaphragm deflection is transduced to strain in the beam and sensed by a piezoresistive strain-gauge on the beam. The piezoresistor is thus well isolated from the sensing environment. The pressure sensing performance was measured to 0.9 µV V-1 mmHg-1.
The Effect of Inhaled Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Bronchial Reactivity to Histamine in Humans (1984)

Nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerves are the predominant inhibitory nervous pathway in human airway smooth muscle, and there is evidence in animals that the major neurotransmitter of this system is vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). We have investigated the effect of VIP on bronchomotor tone and bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine in 6 atopic asthmatic subjects. The VIP was given by inhalation to avoid any indirect effects on the airways that might arise from the potent cardiovascular actions of this peptide when given systemically. The VIP (100 micrograms) was compared with control solution (diluent: 1% human serum albumin in 2 ml 0.9% saline) and with beta 2-agonist (salbutamol, 200 micrograms) given double blind in random order on separate days. Specific airway conductance (SGaw) did not change after control or VIP inhalations, but it significantly increased after salbutamol inhalation. The provocation concentration of histamine causing a 35% fall in SGaw (PC35) did not change after control inhalation, but significantly increased after VIP (from 2.18 +/- 1.04 to 5.00 +/- 2.31 mg/ml histamine, mean +/- SE; p less than 0.05), and after salbutamol (from 1.71 +/- 0.83 to 15.6 +/- 4.2 mg/ml, p less than 0.01), the increase after salbutamol being significantly greater than after VIP. No changes in heart rate or blood pressure were found after any inhalation. We conclude that VIP protects against histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in human airways in vivo, and therefore has the capacity to be the neurotransmitter of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory nerves in human airway smooth muscle.
Fast tunable wavelength conversion for all-optical packet switching (2000)

We demonstrate a simple scheme to achieve fast tunable wavelength conversion over a wide spectral range. The wavelength conversion is obtained by four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier using a double-pump scheme, 2048-bit sequences at 2.5 Gb/s, incoming at a given wavelength, are alternatively converted toward two different wavelengths for a total conversion interval of 20 nm. With this method, the time needed to change the destination wavelength is much shorter than the bit duration. This feature makes any guard-time spacing between packets unnecessary. Bit-error-rate measurements show that the process occurs with negligible penalties (less than 0.3 dB).