gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CMOS-compatible electronic synapse device based on Cu/SiO<sub>2</sub>/W programmable metallization cells (2016)

In this work, the resistance plasticity of Cu/SiO2/W programmable metallization cell devices is experimentally explored for the emulation of biological synapses. PMC devices were fabricated with foundry friendly materials using standard processes. The resistance can be continuously increased or decreased with both dc and voltage pulse programming. Impedance spectroscopy results indicate that the gradual change of resistance is attributable to the expansion or contraction of a Cu-rich layer within the device. Pulse programming experiments further show that the pulse amplitude plays a more important role in resistance change than pulse width, which is consistent with the proposed 'dual-layer' device model. The dense resistance-state distribution, 1 V operating voltage and inherent CMOS-compatibility suggests its potential application as electronic synapse in neuromorphic computing.
Sparsity Invariant CNNs (2017)

In this paper, we consider convolutional neural networks operating on sparse inputs with an application to depth completion from sparse laser scan data. First, we show that traditional convolutional networks perform poorly when applied to sparse data even when the location of missing data is provided to the network. To overcome this problem, we propose a simple yet effective sparse convolution layer which explicitly considers the location of missing data during the convolution operation. We demonstrate the benefits of the proposed network architecture in synthetic and real experiments with respect to various baseline approaches. Compared to dense baselines, the proposed sparse convolution network generalizes well to novel datasets and is invariant to the level of sparsity in the data. For our evaluation, we derive a novel dataset from the KITTI benchmark, comprising over 94k depth annotated RGB images. Our dataset allows for training and evaluating depth completion and depth prediction techniques in challenging real-world settings and is available online at: www.cvlibs.net/datasets/kitti.
Acid-labile δ-ketal-β-hydroxy esters by asymmetric hydrogenation of corresponding δ-ketal-β-keto esters in the presence of CaCO3 (2012)

A series of acid-labile, optically pure ε-substituted δ-ketal-β-hydroxy esters were obtained by a Ru-SunPhos catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of the corresponding ε-substituted δ-ketal-β-keto esters. CaCO(3) played a dual role in the hydrogenation reaction--removing the acid generated during the formation of the catalyst and maintaining the activity of the catalyst.
Dynamic Interplay between Spin-Crossover and Host−Guest Function in a Nanoporous Metal−Organic Framework Material (2009)

The nanoporous metal-organic framework [Fe(pz)Ni(CN)(4)], 1 (where pz is pyrazine), exhibits hysteretic spin-crossover at ambient conditions and is robust to the adsorption and desorption of a wide range of small molecular guests, both gases (N(2), O(2), CO(2)) and vapors (methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and toluene). Through the comprehensive analysis of structure, host-guest properties, and spin-crossover behaviors, it is found that this pillared Hofmann system uniquely displays both guest-exchange-induced changes to spin-crossover and spin-crossover-induced changes to host-guest properties, with direct dynamic interplay between these two phenomena. Guest desorption and adsorption cause pronounced changes to the spin-crossover behavior according to a systematic trend in which larger guests stabilize the high-spin state and therefore depress the spin-crossover temperature of the host lattice. When stabilizing the alternate spin state of the host at any given temperature, these processes directly stimulate the spin-crossover process, providing a chemisensing function. Exploitation of the bistability of the host allows the modification of adsorption properties at a fixed temperature through control of the host spin state, with each state shown to display differing chemical affinities to guest sorption. Guest desorption then adsorption, and vice versa, can be used to switch between spin states in the bistable temperature region, adding a guest-dependent memory effect to this system.
Sparse dynamic programming I (1992)

Dynamic programming solutions to a number of different recurrence equations for sequence comparison and for RNA secondary structure prediction are considered. These recurrences are defined over a number of points that is quadratic in the input size; however only a sparse set matters for the result. Efficient algorithms for these problems are given, when the weight functions used in the recurrences are taken to be linear. The time complexity of the algorithms depends almost linearly on the number of points that need to be considered; when the problems are sparse this results in a substantial speed-up over known algorithms.
LYSOZYME-ACCESSIBLE FIBERS FROM CHITIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES (1983)

Chitin and chemically modified chitins were spun to the fibers and their tensile properties were investigated together with the accessibility toward lysozyme. The fiber of partially deacetylated chitin showed the best properties in the tensile strength especially in a wet state. On the other hand, the accessibility of the fibers toward lysozyme was shown to be enhanced by the introduction of hydrophilic alkyl group such as carboxymethyl (CM) or dihydroxypropyl (DHP) group to the chitin molecule although the tensile strength in a wet state decreased. It was also found that the accessibility of the chitin derivatives toward lysozyme was rather enhanced even by the alkylation with bulky alkyl group, as far as the modification of hydroxyl group was made at C6 of N-acetyl-glucosamine residue. The microscopic observations suggested that the enhancement of the accessibility was mainly due to the increase of the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface.
Wideband high gain 1-D EBG resonator antenna (2013)

This paper describes a technique to enhance the radiation bandwidth of the 1-D EBG resonator antenna. By adding one slab with a properly chosen dielectric constant underneath the other one, the 3dB gain bandwidth of the antenna is considerably increased. The proposed method is analyzed based on a transmission-line model and verified by simulations. It is shown that the antenna designed for verification achieves a 30% half gain bandwidth through 13.7GHz to 18.6GHz with a maximum gain of 14.8dBi, and also possesses a 34% impedance bandwidth for the voltage standing wave ratio less than 2 through 13.4GHz to 18.8GHz that covers the whole radiation bandwidth, as well as very low side lobes and cross-polarizations.
Ethnography and health care (2000)

<h3>Aims</h3> Our work demonstrates that after both rape and consensual sexual intercourse, women with light skin have higher ano-genital injury prevalence than women with dark skin. These findings suggest that the mechanical properties of dark skin may be more protective than those of light skin. If these findings are generalisable, they may have an impact on criminal justice proceedings, where injury from rapes is linked with successful legal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in skin elasticity between females with dark skin, as compared to those with light skin. <h3>Methods</h3> We enrolled 52 healthy female participants ≤18 years (M=30.8; SD=12.3), with a variety of ethnic backgrounds in a cross-sectional descriptive study, we measured skin colour (L*=light/dark; a*=red/green; b*=yellow/blue) by means of spectrophotometry. We measured skin elasticity variables (eg, skin deformation, elasticity and recovery) with a Cutometer MPA580. <h3>Results</h3> Skin colour L* values ranged from 796.96–7 229.33 (M=6238.96; SD=1116). While the correlation between skin colour and skin elasticity was insignificant (r=0.14), a statistically significant inverse relationship was found between age and skin elasticity (r<sup>2</sup>=−0.62, p<.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The strong inverse relationship of age and skin elasticity indicates an increased risk of skin injury as women age. This data did not support the theory that skin elasticity is associated with colour. Study limitations include a disproportionate number of participants ≤25 years, with light skin, and self-identifying as White/Caucasian. Future work will include a larger sample, with greater parity across ages, race/ethnicities, and skin colours.
Inhibition of hepatic glucose production by insulin in vivo in rats: contribution of glycolysis (1986)

The action of insulin on hepatic glucose production (HGP) has been studied in fed anesthetized rats during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. At the end of the clamp, the liver was rapidly removed, frozen, and enzyme activities and metabolites were measured. When insulin totally suppressed HGP, it did not modify glycogen phosphorylase or synthase activity, nor did it "spare" or increase glycogen content. Insulin decreased glucose 6-phosphate while increasing glycolytic intermediates (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, alpha-glycerophosphate, lactate, and pyruvate) as well as fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, the potent effector of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase. Insulin also increased pyruvate kinase activity of low substrate concentration. Lipogenesis measured with 3H2O incorporation into fatty acids was increased four-to fivefold by insulin. The data suggest that in normal rat liver, when glycemia is maintained at constant basal level, insulin promotes no change in glycogen metabolism, whereas the hormone stimulates the glycolytic pathway. This action contributes to the suppression of hepatic glucose production observed after the addition of the hormone.
The organic composition of diesel particulate matter, diesel fuel and engine oil of a non-road diesel generator (2005)

Diesel-powered equipment is known to emit significant quantities of fine particulate matter to the atmosphere. Numerous organic compounds can be adsorbed onto the surfaces of these inhalable particles, among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered potential occupational carcinogens. Guidelines have been established by various agencies regarding diesel emissions and various control technologies are under development. The purpose of this study is to identify, quantify and compare the organic compounds in diesel particulate matter (DPM) with the diesel fuel and engine oil used in a non-road diesel generator. Approximately 90 organic compounds were quantified (with molecular weight ranging from 120 to 350), which include alkanes, PAHs, alkylated PAHs, alkylbenzenes and alkanoic acids. The low sulfur diesel fuel contains 61% alkanes and 7.1% of PAHs. The identifiable portion of the engine oil contains mainly the alkanoic and benzoic acids. The composition of DPM suggests that they may be originated from unburned diesel fuel, engine oil evaporation and combustion generated products. Compared with diesel fuel, DPM contains fewer fractions of alkanes and more PAH compounds, with the shift toward higher molecular weight ones. The enrichment of compounds with higher molecular weight in DPM may be combustion related (pyrogenic).
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits (1999)

Fundamentals of Electric Circuits continues in the spirit of its successful previous editions, with the objective of presenting circuit analysis in a manner that is clearer, more interesting, and easier to understand than other, more traditional texts. Students are introduced to the sound, six-step problem solving methodology in chapter one, and are consistently made to apply and practice these steps in practice problems and homework problems throughout the text. A balance of theory, worked & extended examples, practice problems, and real-world applications, combined with over 468 new or changed homework problems complete this edition. Robust media offerings, renders this text to be the most comprehensive and student-friendly approach to linear circuit analysis out there. This book retains the "Design a Problem" feature which helps students develop their design skills by having the student develop the question, as well as the solution. There are over 100 "Design a Problem" exercises integrated into problem sets in the book.
A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of Tong Luo Hua Shi capsule, a modernized Tibetan medicine, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2016)

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-12003871 . Registered on 1 January 2012.
Copper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on Fabrics (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on FabricsPaul B. Marsh, Glenn A. Greathousle, Katharina Bollenbacher, and Mary L. ButlerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1944, 36, 2, 176–181Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50410a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50410a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views48Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Enhanced Inhibition of Human Anti-Gal Antibody Binding to Mammalian Cells by Synthetic α-Gal Epitope Polymers (1999)

Neoglycopolymers of polyacrylamide backbone conjugated with varying densities of Galα1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ trisaccharide epitopes (α-Gal epitopes) were designed and synthesized to study the inhibition of the binding of human natural anti-Gal antibodies to either α-Gal-containing glycoproteins or α-Gal antigens on the surface of mammalian cells. An inhibition ELISA using mouse laminin and a flow cytometry assay using pig kidney cells (PK15) were established to determine the binding affinity of the synthesized polymers. In comparison to the α-Gal monomer (Galα1−3Galβ1−4GlcNHAcβ), the α-Gal polymers dramatically enhanced the inhibition of human anti-Gal antibodies (IgG, IgM, and IgA) binding to mouse laminin or mammalian cells. Increases of 7.8 × 103- and 5.0 × 104 -fold in inhibitory potential of polymer 7C to IgA and IgM (with IC50s of 7.0 and 5.6 nM respectively) were observed over the monomer in inhibition ELISA. The results also indicated that binding enhancement of α-Gal polymers is greater for anti-Gal IgA and IgM than for IgG. Such amplified binding differences among the three anti-Gal isotypes can be utilized to selectively inhibit or remove a particular isotype of anti-Gal antibodies. Moreover, it was demonstrated through the flow cytometry assay that certain α-Gal polymers are effective in inhibition of anti-Gal antibody (in human serum) binding to pig kidney (PK15) cells. Thus, such synthetic carbohydrate polymers may find practical applications in cell xenotransplantations.
Embryonic Senescence and Laminopathies in a Progeroid Zebrafish Model (2011)

We generated new zebrafish models for a human premature aging disorder, and further demonstrated the utility for studying laminopathies. Premature aging could also be modeled in zebrafish embryos. This genetic model may thus provide a new platform for future drug screening as well as genetic analyses aimed at identifying modifier genes that influence not only progeria and laminopathies but also other age-associated human diseases common in vertebrates.
Supervised Hashing for Image Retrieval via Image Representation Learning (2014)

Hashing is a popular approximate nearest neighbor search approach for large-scale image retrieval. Supervised hashing, which incorporates similarity/dissimilarity information on entity pairs to improve the quality of hashing function learning, has recently received increasing attention. However, in the existing supervised hashing methods for images, an input image is usually encoded by a vector of hand-crafted visual features. Such hand-crafted feature vectors do not necessarily preserve the accurate semantic similarities of images pairs, which may often degrade the performance of hashing function learning. In this paper, we propose a supervised hashing method for image retrieval, in which we automatically learn a good image representation tailored to hashing as well as a set of hash functions. The proposed method has two stages. In the first stage, given the pairwise similarity matrix $S$ over training images, we propose a scalable coordinate descent method to decompose $S$ into a product of $HH^T$ where $H$ is a matrix with each of its rows being the approximate hash code associated to a training image. In the second stage, we propose to simultaneously learn a good feature representation for the input images as well as a set of hash functions, via a deep convolutional network tailored to the learned hash codes in $H$ and optionally the discrete class labels of the images. Extensive empirical evaluations on three benchmark datasets with different kinds of images show that the proposed method has superior performance gains over several state-of-the-art supervised and unsupervised hashing methods.
The role of torsional isomers of planarly chiral nonbridged bis(indenyl)metal type complexes in stereoselective propene polymerization (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe role of torsional isomers of planarly chiral nonbridged bis(indenyl)metal type complexes in stereoselective propene polymerizationGerhard Erker, Michael Aulbach, Markus Knickmeier, Doris Wingbermuehle, Carl Krueger, Matthias Nolte, and Stefan WernerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 11, 4590–4601Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00064a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00064a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1236Altmetric-Citations195LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (4)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
John K Crum (2019)

John K Crum, 83, died on April 29 in Cobbs Creek, Virginia. “John devoted his entire career to the service of American Chemical Society members. Straight out of graduate school, he joined the society’s Publications Division. He was proud of having won a high school writing competition that earned him a transatlantic sea voyage, so it’s no surprise that his talents as a writer and editor were quickly recognized at ACS. He advanced through the ranks over the years with ACS as he developed skills in planning, organizing, and leading the activities he managed. Over time, he mastered the profession of scientific publishing and was named chief financial officer in 1975. The board of directors chose him as executive director in 1983, and he served in this role for a remarkable 20 years of ACS growth. He was a dedicated leader whose commitment to the employees ensured that every decision
V P / V S characterization of a heavy-oil reservoir (2005)

This article demonstrates a VP/VS application for a heavy oil field near Plover Lake, Saskatchewan, where Nexen has applied both hot and cold production methods. Plover Lake Field is about 8 km east of the Alberta-Saskatchewan border and about 320 km north of the Canada-U.S. border. Oil sands of the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation are found in NE-SW trending shelf-sand tidal ridges that can be up to 30 m thick, 5 km wide, and 50 km long. Overlying Upper Bakken shales are preferentially preserved between sand ridges. The Bakken Formation is disconformably overlain by Lodgepole Formation carbonates (Mississippian) and/or clastics of the Lower Cretaceous Mannville group. Since sandstones have larger S-wave velocities (and hence lower VP/VS ratios) than shales, VP/VS maps should help to identify thickening sand layers within the target zone. We also intend to examine changes within the reservoir due to cold production. Unlike the steam injection processes used in enhanced heavy oil recovery, cold production processes have low energy requirements and use progressive cavity pumps—essentially powerful augers that suck oil and sand from producing formations.
The Human ∆1261 Mutation of the HERG Potassium Channel Results in a Truncated Protein That Contains a Subunit Interaction Domain and Decreases the Channel Expression (1997)

HERG (human eag-related gene) encodes an inward-rectifier potassium channel formed by the assembly of four subunits. Since the truncated HERG protein in patients with long QT syndrome induces a dominant phenotype, that is, cardiac sudden death, the assembly of nonfunctional complexes between wild-type and mutated subunits was implicated in causing the disease. To understand HERG-mediated cardiac sudden death at the molecular level, it is important to determine which regions in the HERG protein participate in subunit interaction. We therefore report the identification of a subunit interaction domain, NAB(HERG), that is localized at the hydrophilic cytoplasmic N terminus and can form a tetramer in the absence of the rest of the HERG protein. Truncated HERG proteins containing NAB(HERG), including one that resulted from the delta1261 human mutation, inhibit the functional expression of the HERG channel in transfected cells. Together, these results support the notion that the expression of HERG in the human heart may be decreased in the presence of the truncated subunit. Such a decrease of potassium channel expression can contribute to the longer QT intervals observed in the patients with the HERG mutation.
Numerical Turbulence Simulation on a Parallel Computer Using the Combination Method (1996)

The parallel numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations with the sparse grid combination method was studied. This algorithmic concept is based on the independent solution of many problems with reduced size and their linear combination. The algorithm for three-dimensional problems is described and its application to turbulence simulation is reported. Statistical results on a pipe flow for Reynolds number Re cl = 6950 are presented and compared with results obtained from other numerical simulations and physical experiments. Its parallel implementation on an IBM SP2 computer is also discussed.