gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles Using a Trithiol (Thiocyanuric Acid) as the Capping Agent (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTFabrication of Gold Nanoparticles Using a Trithiol (Thiocyanuric Acid) as the Capping AgentYiwei Tan, Yongfang Li, and Daoben ZhuView Author Information Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China Cite this: Langmuir 2002, 18, 8, 3392–3395Publication Date (Web):March 19, 2002Publication History Received29 October 2001Revised25 January 2002Published online19 March 2002Published inissue 1 April 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la011612fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la011612fbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1862Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Gold,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles,Potassium,Transmission electron microscopy Get e-Alerts
Exploration of Charge Recycling DC-DC Conversion Using a Switched Capacitor Regulator (2013)

The increasing popularity of DVFS (dynamic voltage frequency scaling) schemes for portable low power applications demands highly efficient on-chip DC-DC converters. The primary aim of this work is to enable increased efficiency of on-chip DC-DC conversion for near-threshold operation of multicore chips. The idea is to supply nominal (high) off-chip voltage to the cores which are then “voltage-stacked” to generate the near-threshold (low) voltages based on Kirchhoff’s voltage law through charge recycling. However, the effectiveness of this implicit down-conversion is affected by the current imbalance among the cores. The paper presents a design methodology and optimization strategy for highly efficient charge recycling on-chip regulation using a push-pull switched capacitor (SC) circuit. A dual-boundary hysteretic feedback control circuit has been designed for stacked loads. A stacked-voltage domain with its self-regulation capability combined with a SC converter has shown average efficiency of 78%–93% for 2:1 down-conversion with ILoad (max) of 200 mA and workload imbalance varying from 0–100%.
A Study on the Volumetric Expansion of Benzoxazine-Based Phenolic Resin (1997)

Benzoxazine-based phenolic resin has recently attracted a great deal of attention due to its versatile properties. This paper explores yet another interesting property shown by this class of phenolic resin: volumetric expansion upon polymerization. It is proposed that the volumetric expansion of the benzoxazine resin is mostly due to the consequence of molecular packing influenced by inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The role of hydrogen bonding on the volumetric expansion has been studied by systematically changing the primary amine used in the benzoxazine monomer synthesis. In comparison to the other known expanding monomer, spiroortho compounds, this resin has been shown to have a high potential for structural/engineering applications. The homopolymers of this resin have a high glass transition temperature (Tg).
Novel Gel Phase:  A Cubic Phase of Densely Packed Monodisperse, Unilamellar Vesicles (1997)

A novel type of gel phase has been investigated in the ternary surfactant system sodium oleate/octanol/water. It occurs at relatively high octanol content (molar ratio of ∼2:1 for octanol/oleate) and for a total concentration of amphiphile in the range of 5−15 wt %. This phase is transparent, isotropic, and highly viscous and possesses elastic properties (“ringing gel”). Microstructural investigations by means of freeze-fracture electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering show that it is mainly composed of small unilamellar vesicles. The observed size is also in good agreement with the measured rheological properties. These vesicles are remarkably monodisperse and form a highly ordered phase (presumably of cubic type); i.e., this is the first time that such a liquid crystalline array of vesicles has been observed.
Usability and biometric verification at the ATM interface (2003)

This paper describes some of the consumer-driven usability research conducted by NCR Self Service Strategic Solutions in the development of an understanding of usability and user acceptance of leading-edge biometrics verification techniques. We discuss biometric techniques in general and focus upon the usability phases and issues, associated with iris verification technology at the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) user interface. The paper concludes with a review of some of the major research issues encountered, and an outline of future work in the area.
SIaaS - Sensing Instrument as a Service Using Cloud Computing to Turn Physical Instrument into Ubiquitous Service (2012)

Sensing Instrument as a Service (SIaaS) is a new cloud service that allows users to use data acquisition instruments shared through cloud infrastructure. It offers a common interface to managing physical sensing instrument and it permits to take all advantages of using cloud computing technology in storing and processing acquired data. With SIaaS different research groups could share physical instrument, in a controlled way, event if they are geographically distributed and user can access to them using an internet connected device without the need to install any sort of program. With the interaction of different own framework we have created a new cloud service for transforming physical resources in a ubiquitous service.
Lateral vibration: the key to BHA failure analysis (1985)

This case showed a possible association between orbital MALT lymphoma and HBV.
PORPHYRIN PHOTOSENSITIZATION AND CAROTENOID PROTECTION IN MICE; <i>IN VITRO</i> AND <i>IN VIVO</i> STUDIES (1984)

Abstract Mice made porphyric with collidine received either of the pigments beta‐carotene or canthaxanthin. When the mice were exposed to ambient light and to weekly doses of black light, the treated animals developed less skinfold thickness than did porphyric mice receiving placebo, indicating some protection from photosensitization in the mice receiving pigments. Photosensitized inhibition of succinate oxidation in liver extracts prepared from porphyric mice was also reduced in those animals that had received the pigments. A singlet oxygen‐free radical trap, DPBF, was added to the isolated epidermis of collidine‐porphyric mice which had received either beta‐carotene, canthaxanthin or placebo. The absorbance of DPBF at 415 nm in epidermis prepared from mice receiving either of the pigments decreased less after light exposure of the prepared epidermis than did the absorbance of DPBF in epidermis prepared from porphyric mice receiving placebo and similarly light exposed. These experiments suggest that the administered carotenoids quenched to some degree photochemical reactions occurring in the porphyric epidermis.
Digital signal processing in telecommunications (1993)

List of contributors. Preface. Digital signal processing in telecommunications. Fixed filtering - a review and some new ideas. Adaptive filters - a review of techniques. Adaptive filtering - applications in telephony. A signal processing application development environment. A low-complexity high-speed digital subscriber loop transceiver. An application of DSP to voiceband modems. Block coding for voiceband modems. Correlative-level Mod(N) encoding and near-maximum likelihood decoding. A review of digital signal processing techniques in speech analysis. Speech coding for telecommunications. The DSP development platform for the Skyphone speech codec. The DSP network emulator for subjective assessment. A hybrid bandsplitting acoustic noise canceller. Video codec design using DSP devices. Digital implementation of neural networks. DSP in network modelling and measurement. Index.
COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS AND THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS (2005)

The diffusion of innovations model (DIM) and complex adaptive systems theory (CAS) can be employed together in the construction of predictive or applied hybrid models of induced change in population behavior. In such interventions, differentiated heterogeneous zones may act as catalysts for the adoption of innovation. The present study explores the actual and potential hybridization of these two systems theories, relying on illustrations from historical practical applications of DIM, particularly the STOP AIDS communication campaign in San Francisco. The resulting co-theoretical model provides an analytical tool for students of innovation, particularly in the public sector, and especially in applications of network analysis predicated on a crucially defining feature of social networks, namely “the strength of weak ties ” among their members. In cultivating network ties among heterogeneous groups connected by common aims, it is here argued, the innovator may prompt and, to an extent, guide the complex emergence of innovation adoption in social systems. Commonalities in the concept of heterogeneity in CAS and in DIM is explored in depth, along its many dimensions, including membership and role
Enrichment of lesquerolic and auricolic acids from hydrolyzed <i>Lesquerella fendleri</i> and <i>L. gordonii</i> oil by crystallization (1997)

Abstract Lesquerolic and auricolic acids were obtained from hydrolyzed lesquerella oil by a low‐temperature crystallization procedure. The lesquerolic and auricolic fatty acid fraction was enriched from 55–59% to 85–99% with high yields (94%). Washing the free fatty acids with pH 6.0 buffer provided reproducible crystallizations of those hydroxy fatty acids. In contrast, when hydrolyzed oil from Lesquerella fendleri was not buffer‐washed, there was, in most cases, no separation of hydroxy fatty acids by crystallization. This crystallization procedure is suitable for a large‐scale separation process of the hydroxy fatty acids from nonhydroxy fatty acids obtained from hydrolyzed lesquerella oil.
Medium-chain-length poly(R-3-hydroxyalkanoates): from biosynthesis towards medical applications (2008)

Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) is a class of biodegradable polyesters that is accumulated by a large number of bacteria as carbon storage compound under nutrient limited growth conditions. PHA with side-chains of medium-chain-length (mcl-PHA) represents a promising class of polymers because of its broad spectrum of physical properties which are determined by the monomeric composition. Mcl-PHA has a wide variety of potential applications in medicine and pharmacy due to its versatility and biodegradability. However, a major breakthrough of mcl-PHA in the biomedical field has not taken place yet. An important reason for this is that biosynthetic products must fulfil strict requirements to be approved for medical applications. In particular biosynthesis with Gram-negative bacteria is delicate, because endotoxins from the cell membrane can contaminate the product. [...]<br /><br />Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoat) (PHA) ist eine Klasse von biologisch abbaubaren Polyestern, die von einer Vielzahl von Bakterien unter Nährstoff-limitierten Wachstumsbedingungen als Kohlenstoffspeicher akkumuliert wird. PHA mit Seitenketten von mittlerer Kettenlänge (mcl-PHA) repräsentiert eine vielversprechende Klasse von Polymeren wegen ihres breiten Spektrums an physikalischen Eigenschaften, welche durch die monomerische Zusammensetzung bestimmt werden. Mcl-PHA besitzt eine grosse Vielfalt von möglichen Anwendungen im medizinischen und pharmazeutischen Bereich aufgrund ihrer Vielseitigkeit und biologischen Abbaubarkeit. Allerdings fehlt ein entscheidender Durchbruch von mcl-PHA im biomedizinischen Bereich immer noch. Ein wichtiger Grund dafür ist, dass biosynthetische Produkte strenge Anforderungen erfüllen müssen, um für medizinische Anwendungen zugelassen zu werden. Speziell die Biosynthese mit Gram-negativen Bakterien ist kritisch, weil Endotoxine der Zellmembrane das Produkt verunreinigen können. [...]
A Micromachined Quartz Resonator Array for Biosensing Applications (2009)

An 8-pixel micromachined quartz crystal resonator array with a fundamental resonance frequency of 66 MHz has been designed, fabricated, and tested. A compact impedance-spectrum-analyzer electronic interface has been developed and combined with the quartz resonator array to form the biosensing system. The sensor array was calibrated using water-glycerol solutions, and the performance was found to be exactly as expected. Measurement of the crosstalk between the sensor pixels showed an isolation of ~ 30 dB. Selective functionalization of the pixels was achieved through the use of aqueous 3, 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">'</sup> -Dithiobis (sulfosuccinimidylpropionate) (DTSSP) molecules. The adsorption of avidin on DTSSP gave a frequency signal of 60 kHz in comparison to unfunctionalized pixels. The specific adsorption of avidin on functionalized pixels was confirmed through fluorescence microscopy. Comparing the performance of the micromachined quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) with a commercial 5-MHz device, we found that the micromachined QCM has a 4.25 times higher signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the measurement of the noise and using three times the frequency noise as the limit for the detection of avidin molecules, we expect to resolve a minimum of ~ 1/960 of a monolayer of avidin corresponding to an aerial mass density resolution of 0.7 ng/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Elevated CSF Glutamate in Rett Syndrome (1992)

The concentration of free amino acids was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid of four patients with Rett syndrome. The reference material were patients with autistic disorder who had CSF aminoacid levels similar to those reported for healthy children. The concentration of glutamate-but of no other amino acid-was markedly elevated in the CSF of the RS patients. The results are discussed in the context of excitotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease.
Conversion of Cysteine into Dehydroalanine Enables Access to Synthetic Histones Bearing Diverse Post‐Translational Modifications (2012)

Six for the price of one: From a single precursor, dehydroalanine, six distinct post-translational modifications can be site-selectively installed on histone proteins (see figure), including the first site-selective phosphorylation and glycosylation of histones. Direct observation of histone deacetylase activity on a full-length modified histone as well as its interactions with both chromatin reader and writer/eraser proteins are reported.
Breast cancer stem cell markers – the rocky road to clinical applications (2008)

Lately, understanding the role of cancer stem cells in tumor initiation and progression became a major focus in stem cell biology and in cancer research. Considerable efforts, such as the recent studies by Honeth and colleagues, published in the June issue of Breast Cancer Research, are directed towards developing clinical applications of the cancer stem cell concepts. This work shows that the previously described CD44+CD24- stem cell phenotype is associated with basal-type breast cancers in human patients, in particular BRCA1 inherited cancers, but does not correlate with clinical outcome. These very interesting findings caution that the success of our efforts in translating cancer stem cell research into clinical practice depends on how thorough and rigorous we are at characterizing these cells.
Conformational Accessibility of Some Simple Polyglucosides (1984)

Conformational studies were made of the homopolymers of 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, and 1,6- linked alpha- and beta-D-glucose. Flexiblity within the monomeric units and in the value of the glycosidic bond-angle was permitted, and the modeling method was able to depict the conformations of each of the 1,6-glucans on a single map. On the basis of the accessible conformations, it is predicted that the properties of alpha-1,3-glucan would be similar to those of cellulose, the beta-1,4-glucan, and therefore suited for use as a fiber. It is proposed that, when possible, polymers tend to crystallize in extended shapes with the fewest possible number of monomeric units per repeat. Other likely shapes include collapsed helices; shapes with large numbers of monomeric units per repeat and/or intermediate degree of extension are not likely to be found in crystalline regions.
182  Experimental Harvests of Five Species of Macroalgae Along the Oregon Coast (2003)

Macroalgae are the basis of a major global industry. Their nutritional and chemical values have brought strong economic pressure for commercial harvest permits to the State of Oregon, USA. Historically, Oregon has denied these requests because of a lack of understanding of harvest effects on the resource. Three species of phaeophytes ( Laminaria setchellii, Alaria marginata, Fucus gardneri ) and two rhodophytes ( Mastocarpus papillatus, Mazzaella splendens ) were subjected to various treatments to determine their ability to recover from harvest. Three year experiments were designed to compare the effects of harvesting during different seasons, different amounts, and different methods. Permanent transects and plots were placed in three study sites along the Oregon coast. Here we present the results from the first growing season. Only A. marginata was found to regain pre‐harvest biomass within one growing season; all species will be monitored for regrowth and resettlement for the next two growing seasons to provide a basis for the management of the potential economic resource.
Asymptotically optimal nonlinear MMSE multiuser detection based on multivariate Gaussian approximation (2006)

In this paper, a class of nonlinear minimum mean-squared error multiuser detectors is derived based on a multivariate Gaussian approximation of the multiple-access interference for large systems. This approach leads to expressions identical to those describing the probabilistic data association (PDA) detector, thus providing an alternative analytical justification for this structure. A simplification to the PDA detector based on approximating the covariance matrix of the multivariate Gaussian distribution is suggested, resulting in a soft interference-cancellation scheme. Corresponding multiuser soft-input, soft-output detectors delivering extrinsic log-likelihood ratios are derived for application in iterative multiuser decoders. Finally, a large-system performance analysis is conducted for the simplified PDA, showing that the bit-error rate (BER) performance of this detector can be accurately predicted and related to the replica method analysis for the optimal detector. Methods from statistical neurodynamics are shown to provide a closely related alternative large-system prediction. Numerical results demonstrate that for large systems, the BER is accurately predicted by the analysis and found to be close to optimal performance.
Relationship Between Grade and Stage of adenocarcinoma of the Prostate and Regional Pelvic Lymph Node Metastases (1982)

The relationship of grade and local tumor extent to pelvic nodal involvement was assessed surgically in 469 patients who underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical retropubic prostatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Grade and local stage alone and combined score were associated in a linear fashion with nodal involvement. Gleason sum and Mayo grade alone were not predictive of nodal metastases. Some patients with a Gleason score of 4 had positive nodes and some with a score of 8 to 10 had negative nodes. Mayo sum (grade plus stage) consistently was related to negative nodal involvement.
The effects of metals and food availability on the behavior of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2003)

Caenorhabditis elegans, a nonparasitic soil nematode, was used to assess the combined effects of metal exposures and food availability on behavior. Movement was monitored using a computer tracking system after exposures to Cu, Pb, or Cd while feeding was measured as a change in optical density (deltaOD) of bacteria suspensions over the exposure period. After 24-h exposures at high and low bacteria concentrations, movement was decreased in a concentration-dependent fashion by Pb and Cd but feeding reductions were not directly proportional to exposure concentrations. Copper exposure induced concentration-dependent declines in feeding and movement regardless of bacteria concentration. The impact of 24-h metal exposures was apparently reduced by increasing food availability. Therefore, exposures were shortened to 4 h in an attempt to minimize starvation effects on movement. Although nematodes were immobilized following 24 h of food depravation, worms deprived of food during the 4-h exposure continued to feed and move after exposure. A bead-ingestion assay after 4-h exposures was also used as an additional means of assessing the effects of metals on feeding behavior. Ingestion was significantly reduced by all concentrations of metals tested, indicating its sensitivity as a sublethal assay. Feeding (deltaOD) during exposures exhibited similar trends as ingestion but was slightly less sensitive, while movement was the least sensitive assay of 4-h metal exposures to C. elegans. Assessment of multiple sublethal endpoints allowed for the determination of the separate and interactive effects of metals and food availability on C. elegans behavior.
Current Status of Imaging in Pancreatic Diseases (2002)

Recent technological developments in multidetector CT allow pancreatic imaging in a single breath-hold, which is especially valuable in obtaining isotropic three-dimensional reformations that improve our ability to provide accurate preoperative vascular mapping. Advanced MR technology allows faster imaging of pancreas, thus facilitating MR cholangiopancreatography. Use of tissue-specific MR contrast agents, endoscopic ultrasound, and positron emission tomography (PET) in pancreatic imaging has evolved considerably. This review article discusses the roles of CT, MR, endoscopic ultrasound, and PET imaging in the pancreas.
Multi-relational Weighted Tensor Decomposition (2012)

There has recently been a growing interest in tensor methods within the machine learning community [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9], partially due to their natural representation of multi-relational data. Multi-relational data appears in applications such as social network analysis, where links between individuals may be personal, familial, or professional. In this paper, we examine a multi-relational