gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Face Recognition Using Radial Basis Function Network Based On Lda (2007)

This paper describes a method to improve the robustness of a face recognition system based on the combination of two compensating classifiers. The face images are preprocessed by the appearance-based statistical approaches such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). LDA features of the face image are taken as the input of the Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN). The proposed approach has been tested on the ORL database. The experimental results show that the LDA+RBFN algorithm has achieved a recognition rate of 93.5%
Transparent optical networks with time-division multiplexing (1996)

Most research efforts to date on optical networks have concentrated on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) techniques where the information from different channels is routed via separate optical wavelengths. The data corresponding to a particular channel is selected at the destination node by a frequency filter. Optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) has been considered as an alternative to WDM for future networks operating in excess of 10 Gb/s. Systems based on TDM techniques rely upon a synchronized clock frequency and timing to separate the multiplexed channels. Advances in device technologies have opened new opportunities for implementing OTDM in very high-speed long-haul transmission as well as networking. The multiterahertz bandwidth made available with the advent of optical fibers has spurred investigation and development of transparent all-optical networks that may overcome the bandwidth bottlenecks caused by electro-optic conversion. This paper presents an overview of current OTDM networks and their supporting technologies. A novel network architecture is introduced, aimed at offering both ultra-high speed (up to 100 Gb/s) and maximum parallelism for future terabit data communications. Our network architecture is based on several key state-of-the-art optical technologies that we have demonstrated.
Text Classification by Bootstrapping with Keywords, EM and Shrinkage (1999)

When applying text classification to complex tasks, it is tedious and expensive to hand-label the large amounts of training data necessary for good performance. This paper presents an alternative approach to text classification that requires no labeled documents instead, it uses a small set of keywords per class, a class hierarchy and a large quantity of easily- obtained unlabeled documents. The key- words are used to assign approximate labels to the unlabeled documents by term- matching. These preliminary labels be- come the starting point for a bootstrap- ping process that learns a naive Bayes classifier using Expectation-Maximization and hierarchical shrinkage. When classifying a complex data set of computer science re- search papers into a 70-leaf topic hierarchy, the keywords alone provide 45% accuracy. The classifier learned by bootstrap- ping reaches 66% accuracy, a level close to human agreement.
[The dynamic changes in the cytochemical and morphological indices of erythrocyte function in cerebral circulatory disorders in hypertension patients]. (1998)

20 healthy individuals and 129 hypertensive patients with acute and chronic disorders of cerebral circulation of ischemic type were examined. It was established that the disease was accompanied by changes of the levels of insulin and cathecholamines and of cytochemical structure of erythrocytes as well as by alterations of carbohydrate metabolism. These changes depended on the stage of disorder of cerebral circulation. As far as the disease developed the changes became undulating reversible at first and irreversible at the late stages.
Neural Ranking Models with Weak Supervision (2017)

Despite the impressive improvements achieved by unsupervised deep neural networks in computer vision and NLP tasks, such improvements have not yet been observed in ranking for information retrieval. The reason may be the complexity of the ranking problem, as it is not obvious how to learn from queries and documents when no supervised signal is available. Hence, in this paper, we propose to train a neural ranking model using weak supervision, where labels are obtained automatically without human annotators or any external resources (e.g., click data). To this aim, we use the output of an unsupervised ranking model, such as BM25, as a weak supervision signal. We further train a set of simple yet effective ranking models based on feed-forward neural networks. We study their effectiveness under various learning scenarios (point-wise and pair-wise models) and using different input representations (i.e., from encoding query-document pairs into dense/sparse vectors to using word embedding representation). We train our networks using tens of millions of training instances and evaluate it on two standard collections: a homogeneous news collection (Robust) and a heterogeneous large-scale web collection (ClueWeb). Our experiments indicate that employing proper objective functions and letting the networks to learn the input representation based on weakly supervised data leads to impressive performance, with over 13% and 35% MAP improvements over the BM25 model on the Robust and the ClueWeb collections. Our findings also suggest that supervised neural ranking models can greatly benefit from pre-training on large amounts of weakly labeled data that can be easily obtained from unsupervised IR models.
Fabrication of a disposable biosensor for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection (2003)

As the safety in the food supply becomes critical, the demand for a rapid, low-volume, and sensitive microbial detection device has dramatically increased. A biosensor based on an electrochemical sandwich immunoassay using polyaniline has been developed for detecting foodborne pathogens, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7. The biosensor is comprised of two types of proteins: capture protein and reporter protein. The capture protein is immobilized on a pad between two electrodes, while the reporter protein is attached to conductive polymers. After adding the sample, the target protein binds to the reporter protein and forms a sandwich complex with the capture protein. The conductive polymer that is attached to the reporter protein serves as a messenger, reporting the amount of target protein captured in the form of an electrical signal. The architecture of the biosensor utilizes a lateral flow format, which allows the liquid sample to move from one pad to another by capillary action. Experiments to evaluate the best construction materials, the optimal polyaniline and antibody concentrations, and the distance between electrodes are highlighted in this paper. Results show that the biosensor could detect approximately 7.8×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> colony forming unit per milliliter of E. coli O157:H7 in 10 min.
Evaluation of Green Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles Using Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea Leaf Extracts and Their Antimicrobial Activity (2014)

Background: Nano-biotechnology is considered as one of the mainly vigorous field of research in new material science. Recently, biosynthetic methods employing both biological microorganisms such as bacteria and fungus or plants extract have developed speedily as a trouble-free and feasible choice to obtain nanomaterials alternative to more complex chemical synthetic procedures. The particular distinctiveness like size, allocation and shape give the nanoparticles different properties from the bulk material. Objectives: Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea plants were used to evaluate their extra cellular potential synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their bactericidal impact on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: Aqueous solutions of AgNO3 are mixed with plant extracts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer established the existence of elemental sign of the silver and homogenous allocation of silver nanoparticles. Diffraction by using X ray (XRD) analysis for the formed AgNPs revealed spherical plus cubical shapes structure with different planes ranged between 111 to 311 planes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts. Results: The antibacterial action of AgNPs against human pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recognized. Our work showed a rapid, eco-safety and suitable method for the synthesis of AgNPs from Eruca sativa and Spinacia oleracea leaf extract and can be used in pharmaceutical and other biomedical applications. Conclusions: It could be suggested that AgNPs showed effective antibacterial properties owing to their exceptionally big exterior region, which provides superior contact with microorganisms and its interactions with bacteria are and localized on the membrane of the organism.
데이터 큐브를 이용한 페암 2-DE 젤 이미지에서의 예외 탐사 (2008)

단백질체학에서 특정 조건 하에서 단백질의 기능 이상 및 구조 변형 유무를 규명하고 질병 과정을 추적하는 것은 중요한 연구이다. 일반적으로 단백질의 발현량 변화 분석에는 통계적 방법이 많이 사용되고 있으며 단백질 상용 이미지 분석 소프트웨어에서 제공하는 그래픽을 이용한 방법들도 있으나, 이 방법들은 많은 조직 내에 존재하는 수많은 단백질을 수동으로 비교해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 데이터베이스와 데이터마이닝 기법을 이용하여 OLAP 데이터 큐브와 Discovery-driven 탐색의 응용 방법을 제안한다. 데이터 큐브의 특성을 이용함에 의해서, 질병에 의해 발현량이 변하는 단백질 뿐 아니라 임상적 특성과 단백질의 영향 관계를 분석하는 것이 가능하다. 데이터 큐브에서 단백질의 발현량 변화 분석에 적합한 데이터 큐브의 척도와Discovery-driven 탐색을 위한 예외 지표를 제안하고, 특히 In-exception을 계산하는데 있어서의 계산량 감소 방안을 제시한다. 실험을 통해 폐암 2-DE 데이터에서 데이터 큐브와 Discovery-driven 방법이 유용함을 보인다.
Distributed three-dimensional finite-difference modeling of wave propagation in acoustic media (1997)

Finite-difference modeling of wave propagation in heterogeneous media is a useful technique in a number of disciplines, including earthquake and oil exploration seismology, laboratory ultrasonics, ocean acoustics, radar imaging, nondestructive evaluation, and others. However, the size of the models that can be treated by finite-difference methods in three spatial dimensions has limited their application to supercomputers. We describe a finite-difference domain-decomposition method for the three-dimensional acoustic wave equation which is well suited to distributed parallelization. We have implemented this algorithm using the PVM message-passing library, and show here benchmarks on two different distributed memory architectures, the IBM SP2 and a network of low-cost PCs running the Linux operating system. We present performance measurements of this algorithm on both the low-bandwidth PC network (10-Mbits/s Ethernet) and the high-bandwidth SP2 cluster (40-Mbits/s switch). These results demonstrate the feasibility of doing distributed finite-difference acoustic modeling on networks of workstations, but point to the substantial efficiencies that can be expected as higher bandwidth networks become available. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
Comparing glass and plastic refractive microlenses fabricated with different technologies (2006)

We review the most important fabrication techniques for glass and plastic refractive microlenses and we quantitatively characterize in a systematic way the corresponding state-of-the-art microlenses, which we obtained from selected research groups. For all our measurements we rely on three optical instruments: a non-contact optical profiler, a transmission Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Twyman-Green interferometer. To conclude, we survey and discuss the different fabrication techniques by comparing the geometrical and optical characteristics of the microlenses, the range of materials in which the lenses can be produced, their potential for low-cost fabrication through mass-replication techniques and their suitability for monolithic integration with other micro-optical components. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.
A Large Scale URL Verification Pipeline Using Hadoop (2011)

Data quality is a key element for local search and advertising. Inaccurate, out-of-date or missing information causes an unpleasant search experience for users and affects competitiveness of service providers. This paper addresses the problem of evaluating link quality for business listings in local search and online advertising domain. We introduce a novel system where we apply data mining technologies on a Hadoop-based platform to provide an efficient and highly scalable solution for the problem. Due to various reasons, links associated with business listings do not always point to their business websites. Possible noises include parked domain, broken links, third-party advertisers, irrelevant websites etc. To detect above noises and improve link quality, we formulate this problem as a binary classification problem: whether a given URL is the business website of the associated listing. Experiments conducted on real-world data show that our system can verify millions of business listings against about 100 million web pages in a couple of hours with 93% classification accuracy.
A review of failure modes and mechanisms of GaN-based HEMTs (2007)

Failure modes and mechanisms of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, observed during accelerated tests at various bias conditions are reviewed.
Sensorless initial rotor position identification for non‐salient permanent magnet synchronous motors based on dynamic reluctance difference (2014)

Due to the equivalence between the d ‐axis and q ‐axis static reluctance in non‐salient permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), the traditional saliency‐tracking self‐sensing strategies appear powerless for rotor position identification. However, the nonlinear magnet saturation characteristic results in much larger d ‐axis dynamic reluctance than that in q ‐axis, then two novel methods based on the dynamic reluctance difference are proposed for sensorless initial rotor position detection. In the high frequency rotating voltage injection method, the positive‐sequence and negative‐sequence second‐harmonic carrier current components are used to estimate two pre‐angles simultaneity and separately, where the final estimated rotor position is calculated with the offset angle caused by q ‐axis dynamic reluctance eliminated. In the high frequency pulsating voltage injection method, the cosine second‐harmonic carrier current component contains rotor position and magnet polarity information. The position signal is employed to estimate the possible pre‐angles from three symmetrical and equidistant initial estimated angles respectively, where the pre‐angle with the largest and negative polarity signal is the final estimated rotor position. Both methods can accomplish the rotor position estimation without an additional polarity detecting process. The simulation and confirmatory experimental results on a surface‐mounted PMSM demonstrated the proposed methods can estimate initial position reliably and fast at standstill.
Priming of the respiratory burst in human eosinophils is accompanied by changes in signal transduction. (1990)

Addition of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to human eosinophils leads to the modulation of eosinophil responses. The respiratory burst, induced by opsonized particles, consists of an initiation and a propagation phase and is greatly enhanced ("primed") after pretreatment with PAF. This priming event induces the following changes in signal transduction between the opsonin receptors (in particular the CR3 receptor) and activation of the respiratory burst: 1) an enhanced activation of protein kinase C (PK-C): the initiation of the respiratory burst in untreated eosinophils is not sensitive to PK-C inhibition (via staurosporine) and is not accompanied by accumulation of diglycerides and changes in [Ca2+]i. After pretreatment with PAF, the initiation of the response is partly sensitive to inhibition of PK-C (via staurosporine) and is accompanied by accumulation of diglycerides and a fast and sustained increase in [Ca2+]i; and 2) an enhancement of a PK-C-independent initiation of the respiratory burst. The propagation phase in both primed and unprimed cells is sensitive for inhibition by staurosporine. Our results indicate that in eosinophils the phospholipase(s) responsible for the accumulation of the diglycerides and changes in [Ca2+]i during the initiation phase of the serum-treated zymosan response seem(s) to become associated with the signal transduction route only after priming with PAF. This results in the occurrence of two signal transduction routes that can act independently of each other.
A low-cost, 300-MHz, RISC CPU with attached media processor (1998)

This paper describes the 300-MHz StrongARM 1500 microprocessor, which is capable of more than two billion 16-b operations per second. Starting with the original StrongARM 110 design, an attached media processor (AMP) has been integrated along with a synchronous DRAM memory controller and separate I/O bus. In addition, several enhancements have been made to the CPU and cache subsystem, and the chip has been shrunk from a 0.35-to a 0.28-/spl mu/m technology. The chip includes 3.3 million transistors and measures 60 mm/sup 2/. It dissipates less than 3 W at 300 MHz at 2.0-V internal, 3.3-V I/O. The chip supports dynamic clock frequency switching for reduced operating power during low performance demands. There are 333 separately conditioned clocks on the chip, For battery-powered applications, V/sub dd/ can be reduced to achieve <0.5 W operation at 150 MHz. The chip is pseudostatic and can support clock stop and quiescent supply current testing. It implements the ARM V4 instruction set [1].
Thalidomide Stimulates T Cell Responses and Interleukin 12 Production in HIV-Infected Patients (1999)

We performed a placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of immunomodulatory treatment with thalidomide on HIV levels, TNF-alpha levels, and immune status of 31 HIV-infected individuals, after temporary suppression of viral replication with antiretroviral drugs. Treatment with a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine (ZDV/LMV) for 14 days resulted in a median decline in plasma viremia of 1.94 log10 RNA equivalents/ml. After discontinuation of ZDV/LMV, thalidomide therapy (200 mg/day for 4 weeks) did not retard the prompt return of HIV titers to the pretreatment levels, and had no effect on plasma levels of TNF-alpha. In contrast, thalidomide treatment resulted in significant immune stimulation. We observed increased levels of plasma soluble IL-2 receptor, soluble CD8 antigen, and IL-12 (p < 0.01 for all parameters), as well as increased cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions to recall antigens (p < 0.01) in thalidomide-treated patients. These changes were associated with a median increase in HIV titer of 0.2 log10 RNA equivalents/ml in the thalidomide-treated group (p < 0.05), which resolved after stopping the drug. Further studies were performed in vitro to elucidate the mechanism of thalidomide-induced immune stimulation. When purified T cells from HIV-infected individuals were stimulated by immobilized anti-CD3 in the presence of thalidomide, a costimulatory effect of the drug was observed, resulting in increased production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, and increased T cell-proliferative responses. Further experiments showed that thalidomide increased IL-12 production by antigen-presenting cells in a T cell-dependent manner. Our findings suggest a potential application for thalidomide as a novel immune adjuvant in HIV disease.
Defects in the cartilaginous growth plates of brachymorphic mice. (1977)

Homozygous brachymorphic (bm/bm) mice are characterized by disproportionately short stature. Newborn bm/bm epiphyseal cartilages are shorter than normal although the cells in the different zones of growth are relatively well organized. The extracellular matrix reacts poorly with stains specific for sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The ultrastructural appearance of the cartilage matrix indicates normal collagen fibrils; however, proteoglycan aggregate granules are smaller than normal and are present in reduced numbers, particularly in the columnar and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate. In addition, a prominent network of fine filaments, which are extractable in 4 M guanidine hydrochloride, are present in the bm/bm cartilage matrix. These findings suggest that a defect affecting the proteoglycan component of cartilage occurs in bm/bm mice.
AM1 calculations for compounds containing mercury (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAM1 calculations for compounds containing mercuryMichael J. S. Dewar and Caoxian JieCite this: Organometallics 1989, 8, 6, 1547–1549Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00108a029https://doi.org/10.1021/om00108a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Autonomous calibration of single-loop closed kinematic chains formed by manipulators with passive endpoint constraints (1991)

The authors present a kinematic calibration method that does not require endpoint measurements or precision points. By forming manipulators into mobile closed kinematic chains, it is shown that consistency conditions in the kinematic loop closure equations are adequate to calibrate the manipulator from joint angle readings alone. This closed-loop kinematic calibration method is an adaptation of an iterative least-squares algorithm used in calibrating open-chain manipulators. Example tasks include a fixed endpoint (zero-degree-of-freedom (DOF) task), the opening of a door (one-DOF task), and point contact (three-DOF task).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jerusalem (2005)

1. Für den jüdisch-christlichen Kulturkreis gilt Jerusalem als die heilige Stadt schlechthin, Mittelpunkt der Welt und wichtigstes Pilgerziel. Die Stadt wird als Schauplatz der göttlichen Offenbarung und Heilsgeschichte von Juden, Christen und Muslimen verehrt. Als ›himmlisches Jerusalem‹ ist sie ein Hauptsymbol religiöser Sehnsucht und Triebkraft religiöser Utopien, als ›irdische Stadt‹ war sie stets Zankapfel von Besitzansprüchen und Machtinteressen. Sie wird heute von zwei Nationen, Israeli und Palästinensern, als Hauptstadt beansprucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF MONOAMIDES OF METHOTREXATE FROM L‐GLUTAMIC ACID MONOAMIDE TERT‐BUTYL ESTERS (1984)

Abstract Analoge (XI), (XV), (XVII) von Methotrexat (Amethopterin) (XVIII) werden synthetisiert: Amidierung und Veresterung der Glutaminsäure (I) führen zu Gemischen der Isomeren (IV) und (V), die getrennt werden.
Subcutaneous ofatumumab in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (2018)

This study provides Class I evidence that for patients with RMS, ofatumumab decreases the number of new MRI gadolinium-enhancing lesions 12 weeks after treatment initiation.