gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Classification and Clustering: A Perspective toward Risk Mining (2006)

In this paper three topics concerning data clustering are discussed. One is an association found in supervised classification and clustering, whereby new techniques of clustering can be developed some of which are described here. Next two are concerned with risk mining. The consideration of associations between the above two classes of methods is related to the second topic in which clustering in the presence of rough sets is considered. The third is related to mining actual data on a risk issue, where the method of fuzzy clustering is applied. Throughout these considerations, we focus more on a research perspective, i.e., possibilities in near future rather than an established method or algorithm
Rhinoplasty—An Overview (1995)

Educational objectives : To assess the nasal deformity to be corrected and to be able to select the best surgical approach/approaches to correct the deformity.
Results of a phase 1-2 study of clofarabine in combination with cytarabine (ara-C) in relapsed and refractory acute leukemias (2004)

Clofarabine (2-chloro-2'-fluoro-deoxy-9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine) is a second-generation nucleoside analog with activity in acute leukemias. As clofarabine is a potent inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase (RnR), we hypothesized that clofarabine will modulate ara-c triphosphate accumulation and increase the antileukemic activity of cytarabine (ara-C). We conducted a phase 1-2 study of clofarabine plus ara-C in 32 patients with relapsed acute leukemia (25 acute myeloid leukemia [AML], 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]), 4 high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and 1 blast-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).(1) Clofarabine was given as a 1-hour intravenous infusion for 5 days (days 2 through 6) followed 4 hours later by ara-C at 1 g/m(2) per day as a 2-hour intravenous infusion for 5 days (days 1 through 5). The phase 2 dose of clofarabine was 40 mg/m(2) per day for 5 days. Among all patients, 7 (22%) achieved complete remission (CR), and 5 (16%) achieved CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), for an overall response rate of 38%. No responses occurred in 3 patients with ALL and CML. One patient (3%) died during induction. Adverse events were mainly less than or equal to grade 2, including transient liver test abnormalities, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, mucositis, and palmoplantar erythrodysesthesias. Plasma clofarabine levels generated clofarabine triphosphate accumulation, which resulted in an increase in ara-CTP in the leukemic blasts. The combination of clofarabine with ara-C is safe and active. Cellular pharmacology data support the biochemical modulation strategy.
Vacuum actuated gas delivery (2003)

The new Vacuum Actuated Cylinder (VAC/sup TM/) gas source provides sub-atmospheric pressure delivery of the metal fluorides commonly used as dopants for ion implant. The VAC gas source is a mechanical system based on an embedded pressure control device located inside the cylinder. A pre-set sub-atmospheric pressure must be achieved in the delivery manifold before flow is permitted from the cylinder. Even with the primary cylinder valve open, if the threshold activation pressure is not achieved, flow does not occur. This paper describes the VAC gas source technology, its operation and features that include improved safety and storage capacity. A detailed discussion of the testing procedures, results and future plans is also included.
Road feature extraction using a 2D LMS (2004)

In most urban roads, and similar environments such as in the theme parks, campus sites, industrial estates, science parks and the like, the painted lane markings that exist may not be easily discernible by CCD cameras due to poor lighting, bad weather conditions and inadequate maintenance. An important feature of roads in such environments is the existence of pavements or curbs on either side defining the road boundaries. These curbs, which are mostly parallel to the road, can be harnessed to extract useful features of the road for implementing autonomous navigation or driver assistance systems. However, extraction of the curb or road edge feature using vision image data is a difficult task as curbs are not conspicuous in the vision image. To extract the curb from a camera image requires extensive image processing, heuristics and very favorable lighting. In our approach, road curbs are extracted speedily using range data provided by a 2D laser measurement system (LMS). Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the viability, and effectiveness, of the proposed methodology and its robustness to different obstacle, weather and lighting conditions.
The Asymmetric Diels–Alder Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with Dienes Using a Chiral Boron Reagent as a Catalyst (1991)

Abstract The asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with cyclopentadiene is catalyzed by a novel chiral boron reagent generated in situ from boron tribromide and a chiral prolinol derivative, to afford the corresponding adducts in good yields with fairly good to excellent ees.
A three-phase dual-inverter system with high-frequency links and sinusoidal current outputs (2002)

A novel three-phase inverter system to synthesize three-phase sine wave currents with a combination of two units, using two phase-shifted single-phase resonant inverters is proposed. The system has the advantages of both zero current switching and a high-frequency AC link. The relationship between the total harmonic distortion of the output currents and the maximum harmonic order contained in the input current of the output stage low-frequency inverter is analyzed. The simulated and experimental results showed that the proposed system gives high quality output current waveforms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diffusion-bonded stacked GaAs for quasiphase- matched second-harmonic generation of a carbon dioxide laser (1993)

The authors have fabricated a diffusion-bonded monolithic stack of GaAs plates for quaa-phase-matched second-harmonic generation of a 10.6 μm CO2 laser. This synthetic nonlinear crystal retains the thermomechanical properties of the bulk material, and has provided phase coherent nonlinear interaction over ∼0.4cm.
Comparative label‐free <scp>LC</scp>‐<scp>MS</scp>/<scp>MS</scp> analysis of colorectal adenocarcinoma and metastatic cells treated with 5‐fluorouracil (2012)

A label-free mass spectrometric strategy was used to examine the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the primary and metastatic colon carcinoma cell lines, SW480 and SW620, with and without treatment. 5-FU is the most common chemotherapeutic treatment for colon cancer. Pooled biological replicates were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS and protein quantification was determined via spectral counting. Phenotypic and proteomic changes were evident and often similar in both cell lines. The SW620 cells were more resistant to 5-FU treatment, with an IC(50) 2.7-fold higher than that for SW480. In addition, both cell lines showed pronounced abundance changes in pathways relating to antioxidative stress response and cell adhesion remodeling due to 5-FU treatment. For example, the detoxification enzyme NQO1 was increased with treatment in both cell lines, while disparate members of the peroxiredoxin family, PRDX2 or PRDX5 and PRDX6, were elevated with 5-FU exposure in either SW480 or SW620, respectively. Cell adhesion-associated proteins CTNNB1 and RhoA showed decreased expression with 5-FU treatment in both cell lines. The differential quantitative response in the proteomes of these patient-matched cell lines to drug treatment underscores the subtle molecular differences separating primary and metastatic cancer cells.
Three-dimensional models of interferon-alpha subtypes IFN-con1, IFN-alpha8, andIFN-alpha1 derived from the crystal structure of IFN-alpha2b. (1997)

The crystal structure of human interferon (Hu-IFN)-alpha2b has been determined at 2.9 A resolution. This experimentally derived model provides an accurate structural scaffold on which amino acid changes between the different human IFN-alpha subtypes may be compared. Accurate structural data are essential to identify structurally important residues buried in the hydrophobic core of the molecule from solvent accessible residues that may participate in receptor binding. Furthermore, the location and chemical composition of each amino acid substitution may be used to predict potential conformation changes that may occur in the different subtypes. The possible structural and surface effects of these amino acid changes on receptor binding and biologic activity are analyzed in the context of a proposed IFN-alpha receptor complex model. This model can be improved and corrected as additional biochemical and experimental structural data are obtained. These modeling techniques have been used to assess the structural and functional consequences of amino acid changes between Hu-IFN-alpha2b and consensus IFN (IFN-con1), Hu-IFN-alpha8, and Hu-IFN-alpha1, which each have distinct receptor-binding and biologic properties. Amino acids in IFN-alpha1 and IFN-alpha8 were identified that may explain the lower specific activities of these subtypes versus the activity of IFN-alpha2b. In contrast, a molecular explanation for the reported differences between IFN-alpha2b in receptor binding affinity of either IFN-alpha8 or IFN-con1 was not readily apparent. Notably, 15 of the 19 amino acid differences in IFN-con1 compared with IFN-alpha2b are located on the exterior surface, where they may enhance the antigenicity of this synthetic, nonnaturally occurring IFN. These modeling studies should assist in the design of further experiments to clarify these observations.
Locality Sensitive Deep Learning for Detection and Classification of Nuclei in Routine Colon Cancer Histology Images (2016)

Detection and classification of cell nuclei in histopathology images of cancerous tissue stained with the standard hematoxylin and eosin stain is a challenging task due to cellular heterogeneity. Deep learning approaches have been shown to produce encouraging results on histopathology images in various studies. In this paper, we propose a Spatially Constrained Convolutional Neural Network (SC-CNN) to perform nucleus detection. SC-CNN regresses the likelihood of a pixel being the center of a nucleus, where high probability values are spatially constrained to locate in the vicinity of the centers of nuclei. For classification of nuclei, we propose a novel Neighboring Ensemble Predictor (NEP) coupled with CNN to more accurately predict the class label of detected cell nuclei. The proposed approaches for detection and classification do not require segmentation of nuclei. We have evaluated them on a large dataset of colorectal adenocarcinoma images, consisting of more than 20,000 annotated nuclei belonging to four different classes. Our results show that the joint detection and classification of the proposed SC-CNN and NEP produces the highest average F1 score as compared to other recently published approaches. Prospectively, the proposed methods could offer benefit to pathology practice in terms of quantitative analysis of tissue constituents in whole-slide images, and potentially lead to a better understanding of cancer.
Low voltage activated calcium channels: from genes to function. (2000)

Cloning of three members of low-voltage-activated (LVA) calcium channel family, predominantly neuronal alpha1G and alpha1I, and ubiquitous alpha1H, enabled to investigate directly their electrophysiological and pharmacological profile as well as their putative subunit composition. All the three channels are half-activated at membrane potential about -40 mV and half-inactivated at about -70 mV. Kinetics of alpha1G and alpha1H channels activation and inactivation are similar and faster than that of alpha1I channel. All the three channels are blocked with high affinity by the organic blocker mibefradil. Another high affinity blocker is kurtoxin. Cloned LVA channels are relatively insensitive to antiepileptics, dihydropyridines and omega-conotoxins. Ni2+ is high affinity blocker of alpha1H channel only. Amiloride inhibits the alpha1H channel. The subunit composition of LVA channel remains unclear. Out of known high-voltage-activated calcium channel subunits, alpha2delta-2 and gamma-5 subunits significantly and systematically modified activation and/or inactivation of the current. In contrast, alpha2delta-1, alpha2delta-3, gamma-2 and gamma-4 subunits failed to modulate the current or had only minor effects.
Positive selection of allelic exchange mutants in Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1996)

sacB expression is lethal to mycobacteria in the presence of sucrose. It can therefore serve as a counter-selectable marker for positive selection of gene replacement events as demonstrated in the fast-growing Mycobacterium smegmatis. With this methodology, a sucrose counter-selectable vector was used to deliver, into the Mycobacterium bovis BCG genome, an inactivated copy (ureC::Km) of the ureC gene encoding the mycobacterial urease. A two-step selection procedure on 2% sucrose allowed the positive selection of gene exchange mutants. This technique should thus be extremely useful for the genetic analysis of pathogenic mycobacteria.
Species-Dependent Functionality of the Human Cytolytic Fusion Proteins Granzyme B-H22(scFv) and H22(scFv)-Angiogenin in Macrophages (2013)

Human cytolytic fusion proteins (hCFPs) are comprised of a specific cell-surface-binding moiety and an effector molecule of human origin. In contrast to common immunotoxins, including bacterial or plant toxins, they are considered not to be immunogenic. Two examples for human pro-apoptotic effector proteins are the serine protease Granzyme B and the RNase Angiogenin. Pre-clinical testing of functionality in in vitro and in vivo studies is essential for therapeutics. Establishing relevant animal models that have predictive value for therapeutic success is a great challenge in biomedical research. In this study, we investigated the species-dependent cytotoxic activity of two hCFPs prior to their application in a murine inflammation model. We found that in vitro and ex vivo either hCFP was able to kill human cells only, leaving murine cells unaffected. In contrast, no species-dependency was found for the bacterial Pseudomonas exotoxin A based immunotoxin H22(scFv)-ETA’. This species-dependent functioning has to be carefully considered when performing pre-clinical studies in animal models.
Towards Managed Role Explosion (2015)

Role-based access control (RBAC) is a popular framework for securing information systems in medium to large organizations with hundreds or thousands of employees. However, very few descriptions of existing RBAC systems can be found in the literature. In this paper, we challenge the belief, notion or sense that the number of subjects far exceeds the roles found in enterprise systems. First, we analyze the RBAC system found at ACME University, comparing it to a recently introduced fragment of RBAC called bi-sorted role-based access control (RBÄC). Then we investigate how ACME performs access management, using our new hierarchical graphing model to better visualize the subject-permission mappings. Next, we present our results and introduce a new role-centric methodology for dynamically constraining access to information. Finally, we describe how organizational scalability is enhanced at ACME University by decoupling subject and permission management at the expense of managed role explosion.
Caucasian facial L* shifts may communicate anti-ageing efficacy (2011)

An ageing study was conducted to capture skin colour parameters in the CIELab system from Caucasians of both genders and all available adult ages. This study produced a linear correlation between L* and age for a Caucasian population between 20 and 59 years of age as follows: (L* value) = -0.13 × (Age in years) + 63.01. Previous studies have addressed age-related changes in skin colour. This work presents a novel consumer correlated quantitative linear model of skin brightness by which to communicate age-related changes. Two product assessment studies are also presented here, demonstrating the ability of anti-ageing products to deliver on objective and subjective improvements in skin brightness. It was determined to be possible to use the fundamental Caucasian L*-age correlation to describe product benefits in a novel quantitative and consumer-relevant fashion, through the depiction of a 'years back' calculation.
Nonstoichiometric Oxides as Low-Cost and Highly-Efficient Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Catalysts for Low-Temperature Electrochemical Devices (2015)

The recent advances in the development of nonstoichiometric oxides, ranging from simple oxide, perovskite, layered perovskite, and pyrochlore, for oxygen reduction Reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in metal-air batteries (MABs) and low-temperature fuel cells (LTFCs) are reviewed. These catalysts are characterized to be low cost and earth-abundant, as well as possess relatively high activity and stability under operation conditions. It is expected that these catalysts will be essential to the future development of multiple technologies. It is expected that the development of nonstoichiometric oxides, with the mutual development of system components, will lead to highly stable and efficient MABs and LTFCs in practical applications in the near future. The electrochemical strain microscopy technique may provide a direct visualization of the ORR/OER activation process on the scale of several nanometers and provide nanoscale understanding into local kinetics. An efficient approach to discover new materials with high intrinsic activities is to tune the electronic structure of existing materials.
T-Cell Recognition of the HspX Protein of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>Correlates with Latent<i>M. tuberculosis</i>Infection but Not with<i>M. bovis</i>BCG Vaccination (2007)

During stationary growth or in vitro conditions mimicking relevant aspects of latency, the HspX protein (Rv2031c) is specifically upregulated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study we compared T-cell responses against HspX and the secreted M. tuberculosis protein Ag85B (Rv1886c) in tuberculosis (TB) patients, tuberculin skin test-positive individuals, M. bovis BCG-vaccinated individuals, and healthy negative controls. Gamma interferon responses to HspX were significantly higher in M. tuberculosis-exposed individuals than in M. tuberculosis-unexposed BCG vaccinees. In contrast, no such differences were found with respect to T-cell responses against Ag85B. Therefore, BCG-based vaccines containing relevant fragments of HspX may induce improved responses against this TB latency antigen. To identify relevant major histocompatibility complex class I- and class II-restricted HspX-specific T-cell epitopes, we immunized HLA-A2/K(b) and HLA-DR3.Ab(0) transgenic (tg) mice with HspX. Two new T-cell epitopes were identified, p91-105 and p31-50, restricted via HLA-A*0201 and HLA-DRB1*0301, respectively. These epitopes were recognized by human T cells as well, underlining the relevance of HspX T-cell recognition both in vivo and in vitro. In line with the data in humans, BCG immunization of both tg strains did not lead to T-cell responses against HspX-derived epitopes, whereas nonlatency antigens were efficiently recognized. These data support the notion that BCG vaccination per se does not induce T-cell responses against the latency antigen, HspX. Thus, we suggest that subunit vaccines incorporating HspX and/or other latency antigens, as well as recombinant BCG strains expressing latency antigens need to be considered as new vaccines against TB.
Yield Stress Measurement for Concentrated Suspensions (1983)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Nguyen Quoc Dzuy, D. V. Boger; Yield Stress Measurement for Concentrated Suspensions. Journal of Rheology 1 August 1983; 27 (4): 321–349. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549709 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Electronic Health Record Adoption In US Hospitals: Progress Continues, But Challenges Persist (2015)

Achieving nationwide adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) remains an important policy priority. While EHR adoption has increased steadily since 2010, it is unclear how providers that have not yet adopted will fare now that federal incentives have converted to penalties. We used 2008-14 national data, which includes the most recently available, to examine hospital EHR trends. We found large gains in adoption, with 75 percent of US hospitals now having adopted at least a basic EHR system--up from 59 percent in 2013. However, small and rural hospitals continue to lag behind. Among hospitals without a basic EHR system, the function most often not yet adopted (in 61 percent of hospitals) was physician notes. We also saw large increases in the ability to meet core stage 2 meaningful-use criteria (40.5 percent of hospitals, up from 5.8 percent in 2013); much of this progress resulted from increased ability to meet criteria related to exchange of health information with patients and with other physicians during care transitions. Finally, hospitals most often reported up-front and ongoing costs, physician cooperation, and complexity of meeting meaningful-use criteria as challenges. Our findings suggest that nationwide hospital EHR adoption is in reach but will require attention to small and rural hospitals and strategies to address financial challenges, particularly now that penalties for lack of adoption have begun.
Effective treatment of head louse with pediculicides. (2006)

Of the pediculicides on the market, most are not 100% ovicidal and don't have a residual activity of more than 2 days. Therefore, at least 2 treatments are necessary to control the entire louse population. In order for a pediculicide to be effective it should kill all active stages of the louse after a single treatment. Otherwise remaining lice will continue laying eggs and the following treatments will not be fully effective, at least against the eggs. However, there is no general consensus as to when the second treatment should be conducted. Taking into consideration that head louse eggs hatch between 5 to 11 days, it is suggested that a second treatment should be administered 10 days after the beginning of the treatment. This might also explain why most of the clinical trials that were conducted by treating the patients twice with an interval of 6, 7, or 8 days showed a poor efficacy, and clinical trials where the pediculicide was applied with an interval of 10 days showed an efficacy level of more than 90%.
Development of the Base Station Transceiver Subsystem in the CDMA Mobile System (1997)

The base station transceiver subsystem (BTS) of the CDMA Mobile System is interfaced to mobile stations over the air and to the wired network through a packet switched interconnection network. The potential benefits of CDMA technology are achieved when the transmitter and the receiver are properly designed and implemented. The physical layer of the air interface at the base station is implemented with the CDMA ASICs and control circuits in the channel card of the BTS. We present the design perspectives and structural illustration of the BTS. Base station modem ASICs and their control to implement the CDMA receiver, baseband and RF signal processing blocks, and BTS controller are described. Elaborate power control is essential to ensure the high capacity which is one of advantages of the CDMA technology. The closed loop reverse link power control and the forward link power control operated in the BTS are described.