gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mobile Trusted Computing (2014)

Trusted computing technologies for mobile devices have been researched, developed, and deployed over the past decade. Although their use has been limited so far, ongoing standardization may change this by opening up these technologies for easy access by developers and users. In this survey, we describe the current state of trusted computing solutions for mobile devices from research, standardization, and deployment perspectives.
Binding of porphyrin to human serum albumin. Structure–activity relationships (1990)

The equilibrium binding of hydroxyethyl vinyl deuteroporphyrin (HVD) and of irreversible porphyrin aggregates to human serum albumin was studied at the molecular level. This protein may function as an endogenous drug carrier for porphyrins in photodynamic therapy of tumours. HVD-protein binding studies revealed two types of binding sites, which are attributed to the two HVD isomers. The binding constant for the high-affinity isomer, 2.1 (+/- 0.3) x 10(8) M-1, is similar to that previously determined for protoporphyrin. At the same time the binding constant for the lower-affinity HVD isomer, 1.8(+/- 0.3) x 10(6) M-1, is similar to that previously determined for haematoporphyrin. Irreversible porphyrin aggregates were purified from the haematoporphyrin derivative and from Photofrin and are defined by spectral and chromatographic data. Gel-exclusion studies indicate that the dominant size of these aggregates is ten porphyrin monomeric units. The protein-binding constant of these aggregates is 1.7(+/- 0.2) x 10(5) M-1, with four binding sites per protein molecule. The distinction between the HVD isomers along the porphyrin-protein affinity sequence gives insight into the relationship of porphyrin structure to porphyrin-albumin binding. On the basis of this study an evaluation of human serum albumin as an endogenous carrier for porphyrins (at various aggregation states) in photodynamic therapy of tumours is presented.
G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis are induced in Burkitt's lymphoma cells by the anticancer agent oracin (1997)

The cytotoxic effect of the new potential intercalating anticancer drug oracin was studied on Burkitt's lymphoma cell line that overexpressed bcl-2 (BL bcl-2) and a control transfectant without the bcl-2 gene (BL SV2). Oracin showed a marked cytostatic effect on both BL SV2 and BL bcl-2 cells. IC50, as measured by the MTT assay, was approx. 5-times greater for BL bcl-2 cells (5.0 micromol/l) than for BL SV2 cells (1.0 micromol/l). There was no significant increase in apoptosis after 24 h of treatment with oracin (1.0 micromol/l) in both cell lines. However, after 48 h from the removal of oracin in BL SV2 culture the levels of apoptotic and secondary necrotic cells increased to 20 and 37%, respectively. In contrast, BL bcl-2 cells treated in a similar manner showed only basal levels of apoptotic and secondary necrotic cells. Analysis of the cell cycle profiles showed a significant increase of S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle in both cell lines after 6 h of drug treatment (1.0 micromol/l). The cells were arrested in G2/M phase of the cell cycle after 24 h, with no significant changes in cell viability. After 72 h, the viable BL SV2 cells were still in G2/M, however, the viability of this culture had fallen to approx. 5%. Flow cytometry analysis of the DNA content revealed the presence of a 'sub-G2' region, which represented the apoptotic cells. The BL SV2 cells died after 72 h while they were in the G2/M phase. Although the treated BL bcl-2 cells were similarly arrested in the G2/M phase, they nevertheless remained with a relatively high viability (68%).
Butter making from caprine creams: Effect of washing treatment on phospholipids and milk fat globule membrane proteins distribution (2008)

A washing treatment was applied to caprine cream before churning in order to improve phospholipids and MFGM protein purification from buttermilk and butter serum. Cream obtained from a first separation was diluted with water and separated a second time using pilot plant equipment. Regular and washed creams were churned to produce buttermilk and butter, from which butter serum was extracted. The washing treatment allowed a significant decrease of the casein content. As a result, the phospholipids-to-protein ratios in washed buttermilk and butter serum were markedly increased by 2.1 and 1.7-folds respectively, which represents an advantage for the production of phospholipids concentrates. However, when compared with bovine cream, lower phospholipids-to-protein ratios were observed when the washing treatment was applied to caprine cream. A higher concentration of MFGM protein and a lower retention of phospholipids during washing treatment are responsible for the lower phospholipids-to-protein ratios in buttermilk and butter serum obtained from caprine cream. The phospholipids distribution in the butter making process was similar to the one obtained from bovine regular and washed cream. Phospholipids were preferentially concentrated in the butter serum rather than the buttermilk fraction. This simple approach permitted the production of caprine and bovine butter sera extracts containing up to 180 and 240 g phospholipids/kg sera, respectively, on a dry basis.
Motion planning of a dual-arm mobile robot in the configuration-time space (2009)

The main objective of this paper is to develop an autonomous navigation system for robot arms so that they can operate in complex environments, such as kitchen, factory, etc. In order to solve the problem of planning in the dynamic environments, we proposed a CT-RRTs (bi-direction RRTs in configuration time space) planner, which can make the robot arm reach goal successfully in the partially known dynamic environment while remains the greedy heuristics of the RRT-Connect. It is planned in the augmented state-time space of the robot arm configuration and the positions of the moving objects. Various techniques are used to accelerate planning and enhance its safety. We used the new planner to develop the dual-arm planner, and it can be used as the basis to solve higher level problems in motion planning. The experiments show that the proposed method can effectively resolve the dual-arm motion planning problem.
Ultrastructure of Proteoglycans in Tissue-Engineered Cardiovascular Structures (2002)

Proteoglycans such as versican, decorin, and perlecan are important components of the extracellular matrix in various tissues. They play an important role in water homeostasis, tissue elasticity, prevention of calcification, and thrombogenicity. The aim of our study was to detect such proteoglycans in engineered tissue and compare them with the proteoglycans of native porcine heart valves. Myofibroblasts were seeded on a type I collagen scaffold. Thereafter, endothelial cells were seeded onto the presettled myofibroblasts. The newly formed tissue was histologically and immunohistochemically examined. Cupromeronic blue was used for ultracytochemical staining of proteoglycans. Radiolabeled proteoglycans were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and characterized by enzymatic degradation. Three differently sized proteoglycan precipitates were found. The large-sized proteoglycan (154 nm) was located outside the collagen bundles in a rarely structured extracellular matrix compound. The small-sized proteoglycan (46 nm) was aligned along the collagen bundles at intervals of 60 nm. The intermediate-sized proteoglycan (56 nm) was detected on the cell surface of myofibroblasts. The glycosaminoglycans included 80% chondroitin and dermatan sulfate and 20% heparan sulfate. We conclude that proteoglycans play an important role in the functional integrity of cardiovascular tissues. This study shows the successful production of a heart valve-like tissue with proteoglycans resembling, in terms of type, production, and distribution, proteoglycans of native heart valves.
ChemInform Abstract: ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS‐ PART IV. SYNTHESIS AND HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF CERTAIN 2‐SUBSTITUTED 4,5‐DIHYDROIMIDAZOLES (1977)

Abstract Aus den Anilinen (I) werden in 2 Schritten die Dihydroimidazole (II) dargestellt; ihr Bildungsmechanismus wird diskutiert.
F!uorometric Determination of Subrnicrogram Quantities of Beryllium (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTF!uorometric Determination of Subrnicrogram Quantities of BerylliumC. W. Sill and C. P. WillisCite this: Anal. Chem. 1959, 31, 4, 598–608Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50164a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50164a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sound scattering by cylinders of finite length. I. Fluid cylinders (1988)

There are many different finite length scatterers in the ocean such as marine biota in the water column and protuberances (or ‘‘bosses’’) on the seafloor, sea surface, and underside of sea ice. Since it is impossible to describe scattering from the exact shape of most objects, one must use simple geometrical objects such as spheres, spheroids, or finite cylinders as the approximate shape. In this article, the scattering of an incident plane wave by a fluid finite circular cylinder is described for all frequencies. By neglecting end effects, the volume flow per unit length of the scattered field of the finite cylinder is approximated by that of the infinite cylinder. The solution is obtained by integrating this volume flow along the length of the cylinder. This approximation restricts the solution to geometries where the incident waves are normal or near normal to the axis of the cylinder. The solution is adapted to describe the scattering of sound by shrimp, which are elongated fluid-saturated marine organisms. There was excellent agreement between the adapted solution and shrimp backscatter data.
A family of mammalian <i>Fringe</i> genes implicated in boundary determination and the <i>Notch</i> pathway (1997)

The formation of boundaries between groups of cells is a universal feature of metazoan development. Drosophila fringe modulates the activation of the Notch signal transduction pathway at the dorsal-ventral boundary of the wing imaginal disc. Three mammalian fringe-related family members have been cloned and characterized: Manic, Radical and Lunatic Fringe. Expression studies in mouse embryos support a conserved role for mammalian Fringe family members in participation in the Notch signaling pathway leading to boundary determination during segmentation. In mammalian cells, Drosophila fringe and the mouse Fringe proteins are subject to posttranslational regulation at the levels of differential secretion and proteolytic processing. When misexpressed in the developing Drosophila wing imaginal disc the mouse Fringe genes exhibit conserved and differential effects on boundary determination.
Current and future treatment of pulmonary hypertension (2012)

Pulmonary hypertension is a disorder characterized by an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP > 25 mmHg), which is responsible for the transport of blood from the heart to the lungs. Increased pressure leads to decreased flow of blood through the lungs and decreased oxygen deliverance throughout the body. The disorder causes right ventricular hypertrophy and can quickly lead to death, especially with the severe forms of pulmonary hypertension. Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness and peripheral edema in the lower extremities. Symptoms are usually delayed in appearance and progress slowly, which leads to a late diagnosis and often a poor prognosis. Despite large advances in the last 10 years, there is still about a 15% annual mortality for diagnosed patients. Despite the number of medications available, there are still no cures for this fatal disease. Current therapies include endothelin receptor antagonists, prostacyclin agonists and cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitors or combinations. Recent strategies have shown promise in animal models to prevent the onset of pulmonary hypertension when it is induced. However, few of them show a sustained benefit in clinical trials. Strategies for the cure of this debilitating disease should be the focus of future research.
Noise reduction for path traced imaging of participating media (2011)

The paper proposes a new noise reduction technique counteracting noise in path traced images: a filter kernel, referred to as gradient kernel, is defined exploiting the gradient direction of particle density of participating media. The gradient kernel is combined with the bilateral filter, so to enhance it: the rationale is to perform Monte Carlo noise suppression while preserving details in path traced images, exploiting the information inherent in the 3D scenes. The proposed method is applied to path traced images, the rendering results of multiple and non-isotropic light scattering in non-homogeneous participating media. The experimental results show that the novel approach behaves remarkably well both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Syncatalytic inactivation of prolyl 4-hydroxylase by anthracyclines (1988)

The anthracyclines doxorubicin and daunorubicin were found to act as irreversible inhibitors of prolyl 4-hydroxylase. The reaction rate for enzyme from both chick and human origin was first order, the concentration of inhibitor giving 50% inhibition being 60 microM for both compounds after 1 h. The effect was dependent on the presence of iron ions in the reaction mixture. Inactivation could be prevented by addition of high concentrations of ascorbate, but not 2-oxoglutarate, before the inactivation period. The same results were obtained with competitive analogues of these cosubstrates. Lysyl hydroxylase from chick embryos was also susceptible to inactivation. Its activity was decreased by 50% after incubation for 1 h with a 150 microM concentration of the inhibitors. When chick-embryo prolyl 4-hydroxylase was incubated with [14-14C]doxorubicin, both enzyme subunits were radioactively labelled, about 70% of the total radioactivity being found in the alpha-subunit. Since the anthracyclines are known to undergo a redox reaction generating semiquinone radicals with Fe3+ only, the results suggest that the enzyme-bound iron ion is oxidized to a tervalent intermediate in uncoupled reaction cycles. The data also suggest that both enzyme subunits contribute to the catalytic site of prolyl 4-hydroxylase.
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Prediction of New Structures by Comparative Analysis (2012)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of agents important for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. This study presents several approaches to predict and elucidate new molecular structures of NSAIDs based on 36 known and proven anti-inflammatory compounds. Based on 36 known NSAIDs the mean value of Log P is found to be 3.338 (standard deviation= 1.237), mean value of polar surface area is 63.176 Angstroms2 (standard deviation = 20.951 A2), and the mean value of molecular weight is 292.665 (standard deviation = 55.627). Nine molecular properties are determined for these 36 NSAID agents, including Log P, number of -OH and -NHn, violations of Rule of 5, number of rotatable bonds, and number of oxygens and nitrogens. Statistical analysis of these nine molecular properties provides numerical parameters to conform to in the design of novel NSAID drug candidates. Multiple regression analysis is accomplished using these properties of 36 agents followed with examples of predicted molecular weight based on minimum and maximum property values. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that licofelone, tolfenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, droxicam, and aspirin are substantially distinct from all remaining NSAIDs. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) produced R = 0.4947, which indicates low to moderate level of dissimilarity between these 36 NSAIDs. Non-hierarchical K-means cluster analysis separated the 36 NSAIDs into four groups having members of greatest similarity. Likewise, discriminant analysis divided the 36 agents into two groups indicating the greatest level of distinction (discrimination) based on nine properties. These two multivariate methods together provide investigators a means to compare and elucidate novel drug designs to 36 proven compounds and ascertain to which of those are most analogous in pharmacodynamics. In addition, artificial neural network modeling is demonstrated as an approach to predict numerous molecular properties of new drug designs that is based on neural training from 36 proven NSAIDs. Comprehensive and effective approaches are presented in this study for the design of new NSAID type agents which are so very important for inhibition of COX-2 and COX-1 isoenzymes.
Relevance of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in tumor tissue and sera of cervical cancer patients (2012)

The data of our retrospective study suggest that the prognostic value of ALCAM expression in cervical carcinoma might be therapy-dependent, and that ALCAM might function as a predictive marker for the response to chemoradiation. This should be confirmed in further, prospective studies.
Multiprocessor information concealment architecture to prevent power analysis-based side channel attacks (2010)

Side channel attackers observe external manifestations of internal computations in an embedded system to predict the encryption key employed. The ability to examine such external manifestations (power dissipation or electromagnetic emissions) is a major threat to secure embedded systems. This study proposes a secure multiprocessor architecture to prevent side channel attacks, based on a dual-core algorithmic balancing technique, where two identical cores are used. Both cores use a single clock and encrypt simultaneously, with one core executing the original encryption, whereas the second executes the complementary encryption. This effectively balances the crucial information from the power profile (note that it is the information and not the power profile itself), hiding the actual key from the adversary attempting an attack based on differential power analysis (DPA). The two cores normally execute different tasks, but will encrypt together to foil a side channel attack. The authors show that, when our technique is applied, DPA fails on the most common block ciphers, data encryption standard (DES) and advanced encryption standard (AES), leaving the attacker with little useful information with which to perpetrate an attack.
Does oligosaccharide‐phosphatidylinositol (glycosyl‐phosphatidylinositol) hydrolysis mediate prolactin signal transduction in granulosa cells? (1993)

Initial biosynthetic radiolabelling experiments with cultured granulosa cells revealed the presence of an oligosaccharide-phosphatidylinositol (glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol; (Ose)nPtdIns) structurally related to (Ose)nPtdIns-lipids isolated from other cell types. Prolactin (PRL) stimulated [3H]glucosamine-(Ose)nPtdIns turnover and the rapid generation of [3H]myristoyl-diacylglycerol in cultured follicle-stimulating hormone-(FSH)-primed granulosa cells endowed with PRL receptors. In parallel experiments performed with [3H]myo-inositol-labelled granulosa cells, treatment with PRL stimulated (Ose)nPtdIns hydrolysis in a similar manner, whereas no effect on phosphoinositide (PtdIns, PtdInsP and PtdInsP2) turnover could be observed. These results strongly suggest that the cleavage of (Ose)nPtdIns by phosphodiesterase followed by the subsequent generation of diacylglycerol and a soluble phosphoinositol-oligosaccharide (inositol-phosphoglycan; (Ose)nInsP) moiety could be part of the signal-transduction mechanism linking PRL receptors to their biological effects in granulosa cells. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of PRL and purified (Ose)nInsP moiety (from rat liver membranes) on granulosa cell 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta 5-4 isomerase (3 beta-HSD) enzyme activity. Results presented show that, in FSH-primed granulosa cells, PRL (40 nM) and (Ose)nInsP (5 microM) prevented gonadotropin-stimulated 3 beta-HSD activity. Furthermore, in undifferentiated granulosa cells where PRL receptors are absent, no effect of the hormone on 3 beta-HSD activity could be observed, whereas (Ose)nInsP (1-10 microM) inhibited enzyme activity in a dose-dependent manner.
Adventures in Silicon-Organic Chemistry (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdventures in Silicon-Organic ChemistryHelmut VorbrueggenCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1995, 28, 12, 509–520Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00060a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00060a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1544Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Software Profiling for Deterministic Replay Debugging of User Code (2006)

Significant time is spent by companies in trying to reproduce and fix bugs in their software. The process of testing and debugging can immensely benefit from a tool that supports Deterministic Replay Debugging (DRD). A tool that supports DRD will allow a user to record a program’s execution in a log, and to deterministically replay every single instruction executed as part of the application using the log. In this paper, we present the BugNet software tool which can support DRD. It can handle all forms of non-determinism, including the non-determinism due to thread interactions in a multi-threaded application. Since the BugNet tool is operating system independent, a program execution that fails in a particular user’s environment can be easily captured by the user in a log, and later reproduced by a developer working in a completely different environment. We also empirically quantify certain variables relevant to the DRD process. This includes an empirical analysis, that quantifies how much of a program execution has to be logged and replayed in order to understand the root cause of a bug. Further, we examine the potential benefit of using dynamic slicing along with our deterministic replay debugger.