gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paradigm shift in IPTV service generation: Comparison between locally- and Cloud-rendered IPTV UI (2014)

This paper introduces a novel and fundamental change in the creation and delivery of media services like IP Television (IPTV) through the idea of the so-called virtual SetTop Box (vSTB). By shifting most of the service execution environment - e.g. the Web browser - to a Cloud infrastructure, the vSTB concept addresses certain limitations of current IPTV deployments. Nevertheless, routing UI delivery out of the Cloud causes a significant impact on the network infrastructure, which might have some implications for IPTV system response and can therefore result in a lower Quality of Experience overall. This paper describes this approach and its current implementation, as well as identifying and addressing network challenges that emerged in a corresponding project in the Telekom Innovation Laboratories. Furthermore, this paper provides a comparison between IPTV service executed locally on an end-user device (locally-rendered IPTV UI), and that delivered to an end-user after it was executed within the cloud (Cloud-rendered IPTV UI) and empirically shows the feasibility of the presented vSTB Approach.
Online Slicing Analysis in Adverse Drug Reaction Data Warehouse (2012)

To analyze large quantity of information in medication with scientific technique and to provide decision supports for doctors, we set up the research on Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) by constructing a multidimensional data warehouse. Adopted SQL Server 2005 business intelligence tools, we extracted, transformed and loaded the data from spontaneous reporting system (SRSs) of ADRs to the data warehouse, and realized online slice analysis. The result showed that in this way we could ADRs from different views, which provided a new way for analyzing and evaluating adverse drug reaction.
Knowledge Management in Banking Industries: uses and opportunities (2008)

This paper reviews the prevailing literature on Knowledge Management in banking industries. The purpose of KM is to value to information resides in organizations resulting value addition to their tasks and ultimately to approach competitive advantage. Most common KM applications identified in the banking industries are risk management. Customer Relationship Management/Marketing (CRM), performance evaluation etc, Decision Support Systems (DSS), data where houses and data mining are rapidly growing techniques in this particular sector. However, most banks around the world do not use comprehensive knowledge management systems while other financial organizations in the same disciplines do. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Ban king Industries, Information Management doi: 10.4038/jula.v12i0.329 Journal of the University Librarians Association of Sri Lanka (Vol. 12) 2008 p.68-84
The N-terminal Cytoplasmic Tail of the Aspartate Receptor Is Not Essential in Signal Transduction of Bacterial Chemotaxis (1995)

To determine the role in transmembrane signaling of the N-terminal peptide of the first transmembrane region of the aspartate receptor, it was subjected to extensive mutagenesis. Drastic changes did not alter the chemotactic ability of the receptor to aspartate significantly. Thus the cytoplasmic N terminus of the first transmembrane region does not play an essential role in transmembrane signaling, and the entire signal that is transmitted to the cytoplasmic domain must be sent through the second transmembrane region. This eliminates the models requiring an interaction of this N-terminal peptide with the remaining cytoplasmic portion of the receptor.
Defect-dipole alignment and tetragonal strain in ferroelectrics (1996)

We show the alignment of defect dipoles along the direction of the spontaneous polarization in polycrystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The alignment is demonstrated via orientation dependent paramagnetic centers in the polycrystalline materials and computer modeling of the EPR line shapes. It is shown that defect dipoles can become aligned by oxygen vacancy motion in the octahedron about a negatively charged center for the oxygen vacancy-related dipole complexes or by defect displacement and domain realignment in the lattice for isolated defect centers. We find that the alignment is not observed in nonferroelectric materials such as SrTiO3, and is destroyed in ferroelectric materials by heating above the Curie temperature. These observations suggest an interplay between distortion in the unit cell and the ability to align defect dipoles, as is the case more generally for ferroelectric dipole alignment. We also directly observe aligned intrinsic Ti and Pb ion displacements in the ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 perovskite unit cell.
The declining labour share in Australia: Definition, measurement, and international comparisons (2018)

The explosion of research and policy interest in the problem of inequality in recent years has focused primarily on the distribution of income across individuals or households. This research has documented the dramatic growth of personal income inequality, and explored its causes, consequences, and solutions. However, a parallel and related dimension of inequality has received rather less attention: namely, the shifting distribution of income between the major factors of production (primarily labour and capital, but also land, mixed incomes, and other smaller categories). In fact, the changing factor distribution of income is one of the major causes of shifts in personal income distribution. And the factor distribution of income raises many additional and important issues for macroeconomics and political economy. Indeed, David Ricardo (1911) stated famously, 'To determine the laws which regulate this distribution, is the principal problem in Political Economy.' For these reasons, exploring the changing distribution of income between factors is an essential complement to other studies of inequality.
Enhanced octadecane dispersion and biodegradation by a Pseudomonas rhamnolipid surfactant (biosurfactant) (1992)

A microbial surfactant (biosurfactant) was investigated for its potential to enhance bioavailability and, hence, the biodegradation of octadecane. The rhamnolipid biosurfactant used in this study was extracted from culture supernatants after growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 in phosphate-limited proteose peptone-glucose-ammonium salts medium. Dispersion of octadecane in aqueous solutions was dramatically enhanced by 300 mg of the rhamnolipid biosurfactant per liter, increasing by a factor of more than 4 orders of magnitude, from 0.009 to > 250 mg/liter. The relative enhancement of octadecane dispersion was much greater at low rhamnolipid concentrations than at high concentrations. Rhamnolipid-enhanced octadecane dispersion was found to be dependent on pH and shaking speed. Biodegradation experiments done with an initial octadecane concentration of 1,500 mg/liter showed that 20% of the octadecane was mineralized in 84 h in the presence of 300 mg of rhamnolipid per liter, compared with only 5% octadecane mineralization when no surfactant was present. These results indicate that rhamnolipids may have potential for facilitating the bioremediation of sites contaminated with hydrocarbons having limited water solubility.
Consent-based access control for secure and privacy-preserving health information exchange (2016)

Electronic health record exchanges are crucial functions of modern healthcare systems. These components are fundamental in providing quality care and enable for a larger spectrum of services. A framework which protects patient information during data exchanges is essential for healthcare systems. To achieve security and privacy-preservation for information exchange, we propose a consent-based access control CBAC mechanism for healthcare systems. A consent is an authorization initiated by a patient for an intended data requester via an agreement between them. After obtaining the consent from the patient, a healthcare organization can gain access to the data, which is encrypted by a healthcare provider. This is achieved by a cryptographic primitive: conditional proxy re-encryption. By doing so, patient medical data is protected against access of unauthorized parties, including public data center. Additionally, the proposed scheme achieves collusion resistance. Furthermore, mutual authentication and contextual privacy are attained. Performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed CBAC scheme can achieve security and privacy preservation with high computational efficiency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oxidative metal release from metallothionein via zinc-thiol/disulfide interchange. (1994)

Mammalian metallothionein has been postulated to play a pivotal role in cellular zinc distribution. All seven of its metal atoms are bound with high thermodynamic stability in two clusters buried deeply in the molecule. If the protein is to function in metal delivery, there must be a biological mechanism to facilitate metal release. One means to achieve this would be a labilization of the clusters by interaction of metallothionein with an appropriate cellular ligand. To search for such a mediator, we have designed a rapid radiochromatographic method that can detect changes in the zinc content of 65Zn-labeled metallothionein in response to other biomolecules. Using this methodology, we have established that rabbit liver metallothionein 2 interacts with glutathione disulfide with concomitant release of zinc. Under conditions of pseudo-first-order kinetics, the monophasic reaction depends linearly on the concentration of glutathione disulfide in the range from 5 to 30 mM with a second-order rate constant k = 4.9 x 10(-3)s-1.M-1 (pH 8.6; 25 degrees C). Apparently, zinc release does not involve direct access of glutathione disulfide to the inner coordination sphere of the metals. Rather it appears that the solvent-accessible zinc-bound thiolates in two clefts of each domain of metallothionein [Robbins, A. H., McRee, D. E., Williamson, M., Collett, S. A., Xuong, N. H., Furey, W. F., Wang, B. C. & Stout, C. D. (1991) J. Mol. Biol. 221, 1269-1293] participate in a thiol/disulfide interchange with glutathione disulfide. This rate-limiting initial S-thiolation, which occurs with indistinguishable rates in both clusters, then causes the clusters to collapse and release their zinc. Such a mechanism of metal release would link the control of the metal content of metallothionein to the cellular glutathione redox status and raises important questions about the physiological implications of this observation with regard to a role of glutathione in zinc metabolism and in making zinc available for other biomolecules.
Synthesis and Antitumor Efficacy of a β-Glucuronidase-Responsive Albumin-Binding Prodrug of Doxorubicin (2012)

In this paper we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of the first β-glucuronidase-responsive albumin-binding prodrug designed for the selective delivery of doxorubicin at the tumor site. This prodrug leads to superior antitumor efficacy in mice compared to HMR 1826, a well-known glucuronide prodrug of doxorubicin that cannot bind covalently to circulating albumin. Furthermore, this compound inhibits tumor growth in a manner similar to that of doxorubicin while avoiding side effects induced by the free drug.
High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Assess Trabecular Bone Structure in Patients after Transplantation: A Review (2002)

After organ transplantation patients have a higher incidence of osteoporotic fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements to assess fracture risk are of limited value in these patients. On the other hand, structure-based techniques have shown promise. In this review, the use of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the analysis of the trabecular bone structure in patients before and after renal and cardiac transplantation cross-sectionally is presented. The analyses of calcaneal trabecular structure were compared with BMD with regard to the prediction of therapy-induced bone loss and osteoporotic fracture status. Sagittal and axial T1-weighted spin-echo sequences with a voxel size of 0.2 x 0.2 x 1 mm were performed at 1.5 T and structure measures analogous to bone histomorphometry were calculated. In addition, fracture status of the spine and of the peripheral skeleton was assessed. Structure measures showed significant differences between healthy controls and patients before and after renal and cardiac transplantation (p < 0.01). Osteoporotic fractures were found in approximately 35% of the transplant patients; the percentage was higher in the cardiac transplants. Structure measures and BMD were lower in patients with fractures; differences were more significant in the cardiac transplant patients. Using receiver operating characteristic analyses the diagnostic performance in differentiating patients with and without fractures was highest when BMD and structure measures were combined. Structure measures performed better than BMD in the cardiac transplant patients, whereas results were comparable in the renal transplant patients. In conclusion, structure measures determined in high-resolution magnetic resonance images may be useful in assessing changes of trabecular bone after organ transplantation and may improve the prediction of fracture risk.
Automatic Microseismic Events Detection Using Multiscale Morphological Characteristic Function (2019)

Surface-acquired microseismic events are commonly unpredictable and appear as weak signals with low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), which present a significant challenge in microseismic data analysis and events detection. We have developed the multiscale morphology method for automatically detecting microseismic events. The technique is based on the fact that the effective signal and noise have different features in the multiscale morphological section. According to these characteristics, the effective signal can be identified by waveform consistency analysis. The microseismic data are first decomposed into different scales by multiscale morphology decomposition. Then the multiscale morphology characteristic function is calculated by waveform cross correlation approach and the potential microseismic events are evaluated using the peak value of the multiscale morphology characteristic function. Applications of the proposed method on the synthesized data and field data have been explored in this article. Various examples demonstrate that the proposed method has the advantage of suppressing the effect of Gaussian noises adaptively. Furthermore, it is excellent in automatically detecting the low SNR signal so that more microseismic events can be identified. In addition, the method could be applied to other fields, such as in the identification of earthquake signals.
Ocean acoustic thermometers and climatic change: Global monitoring systems. (1991)

Critical to understanding the climate system is a technique by which the large-scale thermal field can be observed in the ocean. Acoustic measurements at basin scales do provide a sensitive means to recognize and map changes in temperature at large scales [J. L. Spiesberger and K. Metzger, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 4869–4889 (1991)]. These types of acoustic measurements provide a perspective of large-scale processes orthogonal to that provided by other data sets and are essential components of future ocean monitoring systems. Practical acoustic monitoring systems could be deployed within the next 5 yr. Economically feasible systems will be discussed which provide real-time monitoring at basic-scale resolution in the global oceans.
Extended Texture Prediction for H.264/AVC Intra Coding (2007)

Efficient intra prediction is an important aspect of video coding with high compression efficiency. H.264/AVC applies directional prediction from neighboring pixels on an adjustable block size for local decorrelation. In this paper, we present an extended prediction scheme in the context of H.264/AVC that comprises two additional prediction methods exploiting self-similar properties of the encoded texture. A new macroblock type is implemented, allowing for flexible selection of the available prediction methods for sub-partitions of the macroblock. Depending on the content of the encoded video sequence, substantial gains in rate-distortion performance are achieved. The results may indicate directions towards an enhanced intra coding scheme with improved rate-distortion performance.
High performance 0.2 μm CMOS with 25 Å gate oxide grown on nitrogen implanted Si substrates (2002)

The difficulties in device engineering increase rapidly as advanced circuits take up more portions in the design of low-power IC products. These new circuit designs enforce strict requirements on the deep-submicron FETs, particularly in the areas of: (1) properties of thin gate oxides, (2) control of short channel effects, (3) doping profiles to reduce subthreshold slope and back-gate bias coefficient, and (4) device aging. Previously, we have shown that thin gate oxides grown on nitrogen implanted (N/sup +/ I/I) Si substrates can prevent boron (B) penetration for p-MOSFETs. Here, we have (1) built high performance 0.2 /spl mu/m CMOS with 25 /spl Aring/ gate oxide, (2) used multi-angle ellipsometry, high-resolution TEM, SIMS, XPS, and tunneling current to study the oxide properties, (3) identified N distribution in the oxide, (4) observed quantum effects in the oxide tunneling current, (5) compared hole and electron mobilities with and without N/sup +/ I/I, (6) demonstrated a range of V/sub th/, I/sub on/, and I/sub off/, (7) achieved 72 mV/dec subthreshold slope (SS), 60 mV Vth-shift under 2.5 V back-gate bias, and below 10 mV DIBL V/sub G/-shift, (8) studied junction leakage with and without N/sup +/ I/I, (9) oxide breakdown voltage, and (10) device lifetimes for both n- and p-MOSFETs.
The interactive-alignment model: Developments and refinements (2004)

The interactive-alignment model of dialogue provides an account of dialogue at the level of explanation normally associated with cognitive psychology. We develop our claim that interlocutors align their mental models via priming at many levels of linguistic representation, explicate our notion of automaticity, defend the minimal role of "other modeling," and discuss the relationship between monologue and dialogue. The account can be applied to social and developmental psychology, and would benefit from computational modeling.
Photoaffinity Labeling with UMP of Lysine 992 of Carbamyl Phosphate Synthetase from <i>Escherichia </i><i>coli</i> Allows Identification of the Binding Site for the Pyrimidine Inhibitor (1996)

UMP is a highly specific reagent for photoaffinity labeling of the allosteric inhibitor site of carbamyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) from Escherichia coli and has been found to be photoincorporated in the COOH-terminal domain of the large subunit [Rubio et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 1068-1075]. In the present work we identify lysine 992 as the residue that is covalently attached to UMP. This identification is based on two lines of evidence. First, [14C]UMP is found to be incorporated between residues 939 and 1006, as shown by peptide mapping and by mass estimates of [14C]UMP-peptides generated by chemical and enzymatic cleavage of CPS. Secondly, we have purified two radioactive peptides derived exclusively from those enzyme molecules (approximately 5% of the total enzyme) that had incorporated [14C]-UMP. Edman analyses show the sequences of the labeled peptides (989)LVNXVHEGRPHIQD and (989)LVNXVHE to be overlapping. Since neither a phenylthiohydantoin (Pth) derivative (in cycle 4) nor any radioactivity is released from the membrane during sequencing, we can conclude that Lys992 and [14C]-UMP form a covalent adduct that remains bound to the membrane. Formation of this adduct agrees with all of the evidence and with the finding that UMP labeling prevents trypsin cleavage at Lys992. Lysine 992 is invariant in those CPSs that are inhibited by UMP, and is located 30 residues upstream of the site whose phosphorylation in hamster CAD reduces inhibition of CAD by UTP. Multiple sequence alignment of the residues surrounding Lys992 of the E. coli enzyme and the corresponding residues of the yeast and animal enzymes supports the existence of a uridine nucleotide binding fold in this region of the protein. We conclude that sequence changes in the binding fold provide a structural basis for the different regulatory properties found among CPSs I, II, and III.
Precise Patterning of Silk Microstructures Using Photolithography (2013)

Photolithography is used in conjunction with a "silk fibroin photoresist" to form precise protein microstructures directly and rapidly on a variety of substrates. High-resolution features in two and three dimensions with line widths down to one micrometer are formed. Photo-crosslinked protein structures guide cell adhesion, providing precise spatial control of cells without requiring adhesive ligands.
Degradation mechanisms in InGaN laser diodes grown on bulk GaN crystals (2006)

We have investigated the aging processes in InGaN laser diodes fabricated by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy on low-dislocation-density, high-pressure-grown bulk gallium nitride crystals. The measured threshold current turned out to be a square root function of aging time, indicating the importance of diffusion for device degradation. The differential efficiency, in contrast, was roughly constant during these experiments. From these two observations we can conclude that the main reason for degradation is the diffusion-enhanced increase of nonradiative recombination within the active layer of the laser diode. Additionally, microscopic studies of the degraded structures did not reveal any new dislocations within the active area of the aged diodes, thus identifying point defects as a source of nonradiative processes.
Probabilistic fire analysis, Limfjordstunnel, Denmark (1998)

Since its opening in 1969 the Limfjordstunnel has been continuously monitored, and during the latest years it has been inspected, reassessed and repaired. In relation to these activities a probabilistic fire analysis has been performed. Data on traffic and on transported goods in the tunnel has been collected, and a prognosis set up. A spectrum of possible fire scenarios has been determined. The thermal impact on adjacent structural elements is calculated and their probabilities of occurrence are assessed. A simple structural reliability assessment has been performed leading to a design fire scenario that the Limfjordstunnel shall be able to resist. It is assessed whether the tunnel is able to resist the found design fire without fire insulation. As this is not the case, requirements to a fire insulation are set up. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E101472.
Adapt acoustic pyrometer to measure flue-gas flow (1995)

The simplest method for determining the rate of flow of a fluid is to catch it in a suitable container and weigh it over a given interval of time. Such a procedure avoids consideration of how specific weight varies with temperature; it obviates the need for point-velocity measurements and an averaging technique; and it makes superfluous a measurement of area involved in the flow. Quite simply, it`s not possible to determine the flow of a gas using this procedure, because many gases cannot be condensed into a liquid under ordinary conditions. The gas, if not condensed, easily escapes from any open container of the type of needed to catch the flow. Also, in the case of a large flow, such as that found in powerplant stacks, the entire flow would have to ``trapped,`` which, of coarse, is not possible. Getting around this fundamental problem has led to a multitude of instruments to measure gas flow rate. However, recent experience has shown that three basic techniques can be applied with varying degrees of success to measure gas flow rate in large ducts and stacks. This article briefly examines them: ultrasonic, thermal dispersion, or differential pressure.