gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Merck Pulls The Plug On Painkiller Vioxx (2004)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTMerck Pulls The Plug On Painkiller VioxxVIVIEN MARXCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2004, 82, 40, 8Publication Date (Print):October 4, 2004Publication History Published online14 November 2010Published inissue 4 October 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v082n040.p008ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v082n040.p008anewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Antiinflammatories,Inhibitors,Neurophysiology,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Food Quality Characteristics of Instant Gruel Prepared with Peeled Krill Euphausia superba Meat (2013)

Instant krill gruel was produced using peeled Antarctic krill Euphausia superba as a high nutritional ingredient and the food quality was investigated. The food quality of krill gruel was examined by measuring proximate composition, cholesterol, calorie, Hunter color value, total amino acids, fatty acids, fluoride, viscoelastic properties, and by sensory evaluation. The krill gruel had a moisture content of 87% and a pH of 6.65. The krill gruel contained 51 kcal/100 g, and 0.1% fat and 3.5 mg/100 g cholesterol. Its fatty acid composition exhibited high levels of unsaturated fatty acids. The levels of oleic acid and linolenic acid were high, and n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acid contents ranged from 1% to 6%. The total amino acid content was 2132 mg/100 g, and the levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, alanine, and arginine were particularly high. Essential amino acids accounted for over 30% of the total amino acids. Fluoride level in the krill gruel was 3.07 mg/kg. The viscoelastic properties of the krill gruel were determined as 6.28 Pa at shear stress of 2.51 Pa. In the recovery test, the elastic restoring force after deformation was low.
Liver and diabetes. A vicious circle (2012)

The complex and bi-directional relationship linking the liver and diabetes has recently gained intense new interest. This critical review of the published work aims to highlight the most recent basic and clinical data underlying the development of type 2 diabetes, in those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, the potentially detrimental effects of type 2 diabetes in liver injury are also discussed in each of the two sections of the present paper. Fatty liver and diabetes share insulin resistance as their chief pathogenic determinant. The roles of the hypothalamus, the intestinal microbiome, white adipose tissue and inflammation are discussed in detail. Molecular insights into hepatocyte insulin resistance as the initiator of systemic insulin resistance are also presented with full coverage of the danger of fatty acids. Lipotoxicity, apoptosis, lipoautophagy, endoplasmic reticular stress response and recent developments in genetics are discussed. Closing the circle, special emphasis is given to biochemical pathways and clinical evidence supporting the role of type 2 diabetes as a risk factor for the development of progressive liver disease, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. In conclusion, data support non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes which is, in turn, a major contributor to progressive liver disease. This pathway leading from fatty liver to type 2 diabetes and back from the latter to the progressive liver disease is a vicious circle.
Hot Pages: Software Caching for Raw Microprocessors (1999)

This paper describes Hot Pages, a software solution for managing on-chip data on the Raw Machine, a scalable, parallel, microprocessor architecture. This software system transparently manages the mapping between the program address space and on-chip memory. Hot Pages combines compile time information to selectively virtualize memory references and to eliminate many cachetag lookups. For many of the memory accesses that cannot be fully predicted, Hot Pages replaces the cache-tag lookups with simple register comparisons by reusing translated virtual page descriptions from earlier nearby memory references. Hot Pages implements a multi-bank memory structure, allowing multiple references in parallel, to provide memory bandwidth matched to the computational resources on the Raw microprocessor. Because virtualization is handled in software rather than hardware, the system is easier to test, it is more predictable, and provides the flexibility of application specific customized caching solutio...
Constructing a Global Ontology by Concept Mapping Using Wikipedia Thesaurus (2008)

Recently, the importance of semantics on the WWW is widely recognized and a lot of semantic information (RDF OWL etc.) is being built/published on the WWW. However, the lack of ontology mappings becomes a serious problem for the semantic Web since it needs well defined relations to retrieve information correctly by inferring the meaning of information. One to one mapping is not an efficient method due to the nature of distributed environment. Therefore, it would be a considerable method to map the concepts by using a large-scale intermediate ontology. On the other hand, Wikipedia is a large-scale of concept network covering almost all concepts in the real world. In this paper, we propose an intermediate ontology construction method using Wikipedia Thesaurus, an association thesaurus extracted from Wikipedia. Since Wikipedia Thesaurus provides associated concepts without explicit relation type, we propose an approach of concept mapping using two sub methods; "name mapping" and "logic-based mapping".
LASIK Risk Score: An Easy Method to Predict Postoperative Outcome (2005)

This scale gives a gross estimate of the surgical risk of the LASIK procedure and adds valuable information to the preoperative assessment.
Minocycline pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in dogs: dosage recommendations for treatment of meticillin‐resistant<i><scp>S</scp>taphylococcus pseudintermedius</i>infections (2014)

Besides dosage recommendations for therapy of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections in dogs, the study also provides PK/PD data necessary to consider species-specific clinical breakpoints for minocycline susceptibility testing.
Comparison of a Shiga Toxin Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Two Types of PCR for Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Human Stool Specimens (2003)

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a major cause of sporadic cases of disease as well as serious outbreaks worldwide. The spectrum of illnesses includes mild nonbloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. STEC produces one or more Stxs, which are subdivided into two major classes, Stx1 and Stx2. The ingestion of contaminated food or water, person-to-person spread, and contact with animals are the major transmission modes. The infective dose of STEC may be less than 100 organisms. Effective prevention of infection is dependent on rapid detection of the causative bacterial pathogen. In the present study, we examined 295 stool specimens for the presence of Stx-producing E. coli by three different methods: an Stx enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a conventional PCR assay, and a LightCycler PCR (LC-PCR) assay protocol recently developed by our laboratory at the Institute of Medical Microbiology at Hannover Medical School. Our intent was to compare these three methods and to examine the utility of the STEC LC-PCR protocol in a clinical laboratory. The addition of a control DNA to each sample to clearly discriminate inhibited specimens from negative ones enhanced the accuracy of the LC-PCR protocol. From our results, it can be concluded that LC-PCR is a very useful tool for the rapid and safe detection of STEC in clinical samples.
Isothiocyanates are detected in human synovial fluid following broccoli consumption and can affect the tissues of the knee joint (2017)

Osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability and there is no current pharmaceutical treatment which can prevent the disease or slow its progression. Dietary advice or supplementation is clearly an attractive option since it has low toxicity and ease of implementation on a population level. We have previously demonstrated that sulforaphane, a dietary isothiocyanate derived from its glucosinolate precursor which is found in broccoli, can prevent cartilage destruction in cells, in in vitro and in vivo models of osteoarthritis. As the next phase of this research, we enrolled 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee replacement into a proof-of-principle trial. Patients were randomised to either a low or high glucosinolate diet for 14 days prior to surgery. We detected ITCs in the synovial fluid of the high glucosinolate group, but not the low glucosinolate group. This was mirrored by an increase in ITCs and specifically sulforaphane in the plasma. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid showed significantly distinct profiles between groups with 125 differentially expressed proteins. The functional consequence of this diet will now be tested in a clinical trial.
Can an intelligent society of robots survive in a hostile environment? (2004)

In this paper, we introduce a distributed intelligent system capable of adapting to a possibly hostile environment, by learning and applying task solution strategies as a society. The system is composed of intelligent architectures, that interact with each other, to resolve a common objective. The intelligent entities, themselves, are robotic platforms, equipped with static (microcontrollers/microprocessors) and dynamic (FPGAs) computational resources, proprio-(internal) and extero-ceptor (external) capabilities, as well as various on-board actuators. The result is a society of mobile and stationary intelligent architectures, that are able to utilize a hardware-based genetic algorithm (GA) as an evolutionary computational paradigm, and reconfigurable computing approaches to handle the real-time issues in the entire system. The presented work is part of the ongoing research in the concept of intelligent systems and agents, first presented by Rami Abielmona and Voicu Groza in (2001) and (2002). The distributed intelligent system provides four main services, namely the communications, tracking, monitoring and exploring services. Along with these services, three levels of intelligence will be discussed: local, network and coupled intelligence. Local intelligence describes the know-how of each architecture, network intelligence describes the know-how of cliques of architectures, while coupled intelligence describes the know-how of architectures currently working together. It is envisioned that the architectures will be able to develop human-like instincts, while competing for limited resources in the environment that they reside in.
Optimising the execution of management functions in distributed systems (2000)

With the increased availability and complexity of distributed systems comes a greater need for solutions to assist in the management of distributed system components. Despite the significant contributions made towards the development of management tools that monitor and control distributed systems, little has been done to address issues such as optimising the execution of management functions with respect to system and management requirements. This thesis presents a management optimisation model in which management agents and managed objects are efficiently configured based on a set of system and management requirements. Agents can be dynamically reconfigured to adapt to changes in these requirements. 
We begin by defining distributed systems and distributed system management, and present an example management framework. The optimisation model is presented and an algorithm is formalised. We then describe performance characteristics of our algorithm, followed by prototype and experiments. Finally, we describe enhancements made to the algorithm, possible applications and future research directions.
Monocyte and macrophage differentiation: circulation inflammatory monocyte as biomarker for inflammatory diseases (2014)

Monocytes express various receptors, which monitor and sense environmental changes. Monocytes are highly plastic and heterogeneous, and change their functional phenotype in response to environmental stimulation. Evidence from murine and human studies has suggested that monocytosis can be an indicator of various inflammatory diseases. Monocytes can differentiate into inflammatory or anti-inflammatory subsets. Upon tissue damage or infection, monocytes are rapidly recruited to the tissue, where they can differentiate into tissue macrophages or dendritic cells. Given the rapid progress in monocyte research from broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases, there is a need to summarize our knowledge in monocyte heterogeneity and its impact in human disease. In this review, we describe the current understanding of heterogeneity of human and murine monocytes, the function of distinct subsets of monocytes, and a potential mechanism for monocyte differentiation. We emphasize that inflammatory monocyte subsets are valuable biomarkers for inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.
Transparent conducting Zr-doped In2O3 thin films for organic light-emitting diodes (2001)

Zirconium-doped indium oxide (ZIO) thin films (∼2000 Å thick) have been deposited by pulsed-laser deposition on glass substrates without a postdeposition anneal. The structural, electrical and optical properties of these films have been investigated as a function of substrate temperature and oxygen partial pressure during deposition. Films were deposited at substrate temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 400 °C in O2 partial pressures ranging from 0.1 to 50 mTorr. The films (∼2000 Å thick) deposited at 200 °C in 25 mTorr of oxygen show electrical resistivities as low as 2.5×10−4 Ω cm, an average visible transmittance of 89%, and an optical band gap of 4.1 eV. The ZIO films were used as a transparent anode contact in organic light emitting diodes and the device performance was studied. The external quantum efficiency measured from these devices was about 0.9% at a current density of 100 A/m2.
Use of a transposon with luciferase as a reporter to identify environmentally responsive genes in a cyanobacterium. (1991)

Anabaena, a filamentous cyanobacterium, is of developmental interest because, when deprived of fixed nitrogen, it shows patterned differentiation of N2-fixing cells called heterocysts. To help elucidate its early responses to a decrease in nitrogen, we used a derivative of transposon Tn5 to generate transcriptional fusions of promoterless bacterial luciferase genes, luxAB, to the Anabaena genome. Genes that responded to removal of fixed nitrogen or to other environmental shifts by increased or decreased transcription were identified by monitoring the luminescence of colonies from transposon-generated libraries. The Tn5 derivative transposed in Anabaena at ca. 1-4 x 10(-5) per cell and permitted high-resolution mapping of its position and orientation in the genome and facile cloning of contiguous genomic DNA.
Roadcast (2010)

Content sharing through vehicle-to-vehicle communication can help people find their interested content on the road. In VANETs, due to limited contact duration time and the unreliable wireless connection, a vehicle can only get the useful data when it meets the vehicle which has the exactly matching data. However, the probability of such cases is very low. To improve the performance of content sharing in intermittently connected VANETs, we propose a novel P2P content sharing scheme called Roadcast. Roadcast relaxes user's query requirement a little bit so that each user can have more chances to get the requested content quickly. Furthermore, Roadcast ensures popular data is more likely to be shared with other vehicles so that the performance of overall query delay can be improved. Roadcast consists of two components called popularity aware content retrieval and popularity aware data replacement. The popularity aware content retrieval scheme makes use of Information Retrieval (IR) techniques to find the most relevant data towards user's query, but significantly different from IR techniques by taking the data popularity factor into consideration. The popularity aware data replacement algorithm ensures that the density of different data is proportional to the square-root of their popularity in the system steady state, which firmly obeys the optimal "square-root" replication rule [6]. Results based on real city map and real traffic model show that Roadcast outperforms other content sharing schemes in VANETs.
A Belief-Propagation Based Fast Intra Coding Algorithm For The H.264/Avc Frext Coder (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
Magnetic flocculation and treatment of fine weakly magnetic minerals (1982)

A theoretical model of magnetic flocculation of weakly magnetic minerals is presented. A threshold magnetic field at which magnetic flocculation begins is derived, and the dependence on particle size, magnetic susceptibility, and other factors characterizing the mineral suspension are examined. Stability ratios and flocculation rates computed from the model indicate that magnetic flocculation commences provided the total energy of interaction of particles is zero, and simultaneously the flocculation time is reasonably short. The latter condition increases the threshold magnetic field, particularly for large particles. However, for all studied mineral systems (hematite, siderite, goethite) the flocculation magnetic induction is in the range of industrially feasible magnetic fields (0.1-3 T), being higher for larger and less magnetic particles, and lower for fine and more magnetic minerals. The industrial application of magnetic flocculation in beneficiation of iron ores is outlined.
Specific Blue Light Emission from Nanocrystalline Porous Si Treated by High-Pressure Water Vapor Annealing (2009)

The effects of a combination of thermal oxidation at various temperatures and high-pressure water vapor annealing (HWA) on the luminescence and structural characteristics of nanocrystalline porous Si (PSi) have been investigated. The influences of initial PSi porosity and excitation power have also been studied. Strong, stable, and single-band blue emission was obtained when PSi was first treated by thermal oxidation above 800 °C and then by HWA. This blue emission can coexist with the conventional red emission band of Si nanocrystals when PSi is not sufficiently oxidized. The blue emission may originate from localized states in the Si oxide or at the silicon/oxide interface. HWA very efficiently boosts the emission from these localized states by increasing the quality of the oxide network. This result is useful for the realization of short-wavelength Si-based optoelectronic devices.
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Low Temperature Fuel Cell Catalysts (2004)

1.Introduction\n2.X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy\n2.1. XANES\n2.2. EXAFS\n3.Data Collection and In Situ Cells\n4.XAS as a Characterization Method: Pt/C\n4.1. Particle Size\n4.2. Potential Dependence\n4.3. Adsorbates\n5.Pt Containing Alloy Catalysts\n5.1. PtRu Alloys\n5.1.1. Compositional Analysis\n5.1.2. Potential Dependence\n5.1.3. Adsorbates\n5.2. Other Pt Containing Alloy Anode Catalysts\n5.3. Pt Containing Alloy Cathode Catalysts\n6.Non-Pt Catalysts\n7.Conclusion\n8.References
Power output and columbic efficiencies from biofilms of <i>Geobacter sulfurreducens</i> comparable to mixed community microbial fuel cells (2008)

It has been previously noted that mixed communities typically produce more power in microbial fuel cells than pure cultures. If true, this has important implications for the design of microbial fuel cells and for studying the process of electron transfer on anode biofilms. To further evaluate this, Geobacter sulfurreducens was grown with acetate as fuel in a continuous flow 'ministack' system in which the carbon cloth anode and cathode were positioned in close proximity, and the cation-selective membrane surface area was maximized in order to overcome some of the electrochemical limitations that were inherent in fuel cells previously employed for the study of pure cultures. Reducing the size of the anode in order to eliminate cathode limitation resulted in maximum current and power densities per m(2) of anode surface of 4.56 A m(-2) and 1.88 W m(-2) respectively. Electron recovery as current from acetate oxidation was c. 100% when oxygen diffusion into the system was minimized. This performance is comparable to the highest levels previously reported for mixed communities in similar microbial fuel cells and slightly higher than the power output of an anaerobic sludge inoculum in the same ministack system. Minimizing the volume of the anode chamber yielded a volumetric power density of 2.15 kW m(-3), which is the highest power density per volume yet reported for a microbial fuel cell. Geobacter sulfurreducens formed relatively uniform biofilms 3-18 mum thick on the carbon cloth anodes. When graphite sticks served as the anode, the current density (3.10 A m(-2)) was somewhat less than with the carbon cloth anodes, but the biofilms were thicker (c. 50 mum) with a more complex pillar and channel structure. These results suggest that the previously observed disparity in power production in pure and mixed culture microbial fuel cell systems can be attributed more to differences in the fuel cell designs than to any inherent superior capability of mixed cultures to produce more power than pure cultures.
Redistribution of myocardial fiber strain and blood flow by asynchronous activation (1990)

Hearts of 11 anesthetized open-chest dogs were paced from the right atrium (RA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), and left ventricular apex (LVA). Maps of the sequence of electrical activation (192 electrodes), fiber strain (video technique), and blood flow (microsphere technique) in the epicardial layers were obtained from a 15- to 20-cm2 area of the anterior left ventricular wall. Electrical asynchrony in this area was 10 +/- 5 (RA), 52 +/- 12 (RVOT), and 30 +/- 16 ms (LVA, mean +/- SD, P less than 0.05 for RVOT and LVA compared with RA). Epicardial fiber strain during the ejection phase was uniformly distributed during RA pacing. However, during ventricular pacing it ranged from 13 +/- 33% (RVOT) and 23 +/- 29% (LVA) of the value during RA pacing in early-activated regions to 268 +/- 127% (RVOT) and 250 +/- 130% (LVA) of this value in late-activated regions. Epicardial blood flow ranged from 81 +/- 22% (RVOT) and 79 +/- 23% (LVA) in early-activated regions to 142 +/- 42% (RVOT) and 126 +/- 22% (LVA) in late activated regions. In all above values P less than 0.05 compared with RA. During RVOT pacing, gradients of epicardial electrical activation time, fiber strain, and blood flow pointed in the same direction. Compared with RVOT pacing, during LVA pacing all gradients were opposite in direction, and the gradients of electrical activation time and blood flow appeared to be smaller. These results indicate that timing of electrical activation is an important determinant for the distribution of fiber strain and blood flow in the left ventricular wall.