gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Translational Energy Criteria: A Validation Study for Non-Fracture Head Impacts (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The development of the Translations Energy Criteria (TEC) has been underway for the last fifteen years. This criteria addresses brain contusion and skull fracture in the Anterior-Posterior (A-P), Left-Right (L-R), and Superior-Inferior (S-I) directions. The object of this strudy was to evaluate the ability of the TEC to predict non-fracture type injuries to the brain in the L-R and A-P directions up to the level of “serious.”</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Six unembalmed human cadavers were subjected to one head impact each. Tests one through three were frontal impacts, performed at 1.6, 3.9 and 6.7 m/s respectively. Tests four through six were lateral impacts, performed at 1.9, 3.8 and 6.1 m/s respectively. The impactor weighed 9.05 kg and was fitted with either a rigid or padded surface. The brain was repressurized and the head instrumented with two tri-axial linear accelerometer arrays and one angular velocity transducer. Two high speed motion picture views (1000 frames per second) were taken for each test.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The TEC, expressed in EAIS numbers related to the AIS, has been partially validated, at least up to EAIS equal to 3 and in the A-P and L-R directions. The TEC can be used to evaluate falls and helmets of all types, as well as the interior and exterior of automobiles. The cadavers used in this study were embalmed and submitted for anatomical study by medical students upon completion of this study.</div>
Stable longitudinal-mode InGaAsP/InP internal-reflection-interference laser (1985)

An InGaAsP/InP 1.3 μm, buried-crescent internal-reflection-interference (BC-IRI) laser has been developed. Interference is caused by internal reflections from the two faces of the InP notch built in the n-InGaAsP waveguide channel. In the best diode, threshold current was 25 mA, and the temperature variation of the lasing wavelength was 0.75 Å/°C. Mode hopping was not observed in the temperature range from 15 to 45°C, and stable single-mode operation at an injection level more than four times the threshold current was also confirmed. Furthermore, dynamic single-mode operation was obtained at modulation frequencies up to 1 GHz.
Exploration of the deposition limits of microcrystalline silicon (2005)

Abstract The effect of various process parameters on the deposition rate of microcrystalline hydrogenated silicon is presented. The various pathways leading to high deposition rates involve the optimization of a combination of parameters, while maintaining the crystalline character of the film and avoiding the presence of particles. The deposition rate increases in conditions that enhance and at the same time “cool down” the electron population. Such conditions are: moderately higher frequencies, higher pressures, and the presence of larger molecules (like disilane) even in small quantities. There is an optimum pressure, determined by primary dissociation, for a certain silane fraction. In addition, silane fraction and power density must also increase up to the limit of transition to amorphous growth and before attachment becomes too important. In all of these cases, there is a need for optimizing the distance of the deposition substrate to the source of radical generation, especially at higher pressures, to further increase the already important contribution of higher silicon radicals. It is shown that similar deposition rates can be obtained via radical fluxes with very different compositions. In every case, there is a need for sufficient H atom fluxes to ensure crystalline growth.
Adaptive equalization and diversity combining for mobile radio using interpolated channel estimates (1991)

The authors demonstrate the feasibility of a digital cellular radio (DCR) system which employs a jointly adaptive decision-feedback equalizer and diversity combiner. In particular, the authors utilize the current estimates of the channel impulse response (CIR) at each diversity branch to compute the receiver parameters periodically. The authors propose a novel block-adaptive strategy which computes the time-varying CIR by interpolating a set of CIR estimates obtained through periodic training. Although incurring some inherent processing delay and throughput reduction, this interpolation strategy has the advantage of immunity to decision errors which would quite likely occur during a deep fade. It is shown that the system performance is limited, in the form of an irreducible bit error rate at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), by the CIR estimation of the rapidly fading channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hard-Nosed Psychologists (2000)

This article discusses some of the issues involved in writing a historiography of histories of psychological thought, using as an example the development of my own thinking while writing a history of behaviorism. Taking the approaches of narrative historians as a starting point, I ask if such approaches can be applied to the writing of psychology's history, concluding that narrative approaches are congruent only with the analysis of particular episodes in psychology's history, while the narrative mode itself entails grave conceptual difficulties. Histories of schools of psychological thought require the methods of historians of ideas. Following Hayden White, I maintain that the writing of large-scale intellectual history demands a prior act of imaginative structuring, so that any attempts to deal with the crucial notions of causation or agency must be mediated via an understanding of the structure of that act.
Superconducting memory device using Josephson junctions (1967)

A superconducting storage device is proposed in which a Josephson tunnelling junction, switched by a control film strip, replaces the cryotron in a one-cryotron-per-bit storage cell. The device should be fast, work at 4.2° K and require a simple technology, which must, however, yield reproducible thin Josephson tunnelling layers.
Neurogenic Dural Protein Extravasation Induced by Meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine (Mcpp) Involves Nitric Oxide and 5-HT<sub>2B</sub> Receptor Activation (2003)

The compound m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), which is known to trigger migraine-like head pain in some subjects, was evaluated for its ability to induce dural plasma protein extravasation (PPE) in guinea pigs. Intravenous mCPP dose-dependently increased PPE. This effect was inhibited by non-selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists (methysergide, LY53857, LY215840), by a peripherally restricted 5-HT2 receptor antagonist (xylamidine) and by a 5-HT2B selective receptor antagonist (LY202146). These data suggests that peripheral 5-HT2B receptors mediate mCPP-induced PPE. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME and 5-HT1 agonist sumatriptan also blocked mCPP-induced PPE, suggesting a role for nitric oxide (NO) and the trigeminal system, respectively. NO release has been linked to activation of the 5-HT2B receptor on the vascular endothelium. However, LY202146 did not block PPE induced by electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion. These data are consistent with activation of peripheral 5-HT2B receptors initiating PPE and the theory that selective 5-HT2B antagonists might be effective prophylactic therapies for migraine.
Atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed at stereotactic breast biopsy: improved reliability with 14-gauge, directional, vacuum-assisted biopsy. (1997)

ADH was diagnosed 2.7 times more reliably at vacuum-assisted biopsy than at large-core biopsy (with no increase in complications) with most of the improvement as a result of acquisition of more than 10 specimens per lesion, but carcinoma was sufficiently underestimated with both methods to necessitate surgical biopsy.
Substituted thiazolidones and their selective inhibition of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidations (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituted thiazolidones and their selective inhibition of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidationsSurendra S. Parmar, C. Dwivedi, A. Chaudhari, and T. K. GuptaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 1, 99–101Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00271a030RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (374 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Dependence on cation distribution of particle size, lattice parameter, and magnetic properties in nanosize Mn–Zn ferrite (2002)

In Mn1−xZnxFe2O4 (x=0 to 1) nanosize particles prepared through hydrothermal precipitation we observe a decrease in particle size from 13 to 4 nm with increasing Zn concentration from 0 to 1. The lattice constant, a, for all Mn/Zn concentrations is found to be less than that for the corresponding bulk values. At specific compositions within x=0.35 and 0.5, the temperature dependence of the magnetization exhibits a cusp-like behavior below the temperature at which the nanoparticles undergo a ferri- to para-magnetic transition (Tc). The Curie temperatures, Tc, of the nanoparticles are in the range of 175–500 °C, which are much higher than their corresponding bulk values. To explain these unusual features, the strong preferential occupancy of cations in chemically inequivalent A and B sites and the metastable cation distribution in nanoparticles are invoked.
Presenting route instructions on mobile devices (2003)

In this paper, we evaluate several means of presenting route instructions to a mobile user. Starting from an abstract language-independent description of a route segment, we show how to generate various presentations for a mobile device ranging from spoken instructions to 3D visualizations. We then examine the relationship between the quality of positional information, available resources and the different types of presentations. The paper concludes with guidelines that help to determine which presentation to choose for a given situation
Effects of Spark Location and Combustion Duration on Nitric Oxide and Hydrocarbon Emissions (1973)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This study describes the effect of spark plug location on NO and HC emissions from a single-cylinder engine with a specially modified combustion chamber. The effects of changes in combustion duration caused either by spark location, dual spark plugs, or charge dilution on NO and HC emissions were also examined. Experiments were run at constant speed, constant load, and mbt spark timing.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Nitric oxide emissions were the same with the spark plug located either near the intake or exhaust valve, but were higher with the spark plug midway between the valves or with dual ignition. Hydrocarbon emissions were lowest with the spark plug nearest the exhaust valve and increased with the distance of the spark plug from the exhaust valve. With charge dilution the decrease in NO emission was isolated into a pure dilution effect and a combustion duration effect. The combustion duration effect was minimal at rich mixtures and increased with air-fuel ratio. The implications of these results are presented and discussed.</div>
Excitonic Properties and Near‐Infrared Coherent Random Lasing in Vertically Aligned CdSe Nanowires (2011)

High-quality, vertically aligned CdSe nanowires (figure, top left) are prepared by the vapor transport growth technique. Strong free-exciton absorption and emission are observed (top right) and, under optical excitation, near-infrared coherent random lasing is demonstrated for the first time from CdSe nanowires at room temperature (bottom). The results show that this material system holds promise for optoelectronic applications.
Phase I trial of volasertib, a Polo-like kinase inhibitor, plus platinum agents in solid tumors: safety, pharmacokinetics and activity (2015)

Volasertib plus cisplatin or carboplatin at full single-agent doses was generally manageable and demonstrated activity in heavily pretreated patients with advanced solid tumors.
<sup>19</sup>F and <sup>1</sup>H NMR Investigation of Cyclodextrin/Fluorocarbon Alkyl Carboxylate Surfactant Inclusion Complexes (1998)

A 19F NMR chemical shift study of a homologous series of perfluorocarbon (fc) [CxF2x+1CO2Na, x = 3, 4, 6−9] surfactants (S) has been carried out in D2O and in binary solvent (D2O + cyclodextrin (CD)) systems at 22 °C. Both β-CD and modified cyclodextrins were used. Complementary 1H NMR chemical shift data for the cyclodextrins in binary solvent (D2O + S) systems were also obtained. Values of the complex-induced chemical shifts (CIS) for selected host or guest nuclei are observed to increase with increasing alkyl chain (Cx) length of the surfactant when the CD/S complex has a 1:1 stoichiometry. However, for complexes having stoichiometries other than 1:1 CD/S, somewhat different trends in the CIS values were observed. Binding constants (Ki) have been obtained from the analysis of 19F and 1H CIS values of the CD/S systems using equilibrium models in which 1:1, 1:1 plus 2:1, 1:1 plus 1:2 complexes, and uncomplexed species are present. In general, Ki increases as Cx increases; however, differences in the binding affinity, stoichiometry, and inclusion geometry of the CD/S complexes were observed to depend on the type of cyclodextrin. The latter can be understood in terms of the steric effects created by the introduction of alkyl groups in the annulus region of the cyclodextrin.
Fracture Toughness Assessment of the Susceptibility for Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking in High-Strength Carbon Steels: A Review (2020)

High-strength carbon steels typically used as oil country tubular goods (OCTG) made from high-strength carbon steels can be susceptible to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) when in service in environments that contain H2S. In the last 25 y, linear-elastic fracture mechanics has been used to understand both the mechanistic aspects of this form of cracking and to quantify the susceptibility to SSC of different OCTG steel grades. This paper presents a review on the evolution of the double cantilever beam method as a standard practice to assess the threshold stress intensity factor KISSC. The paper evaluates the capabilities and limitations of this testing method to describe the conditions associated with crack propagation. The review study indicates that new fracture parameters based on the energy required for crack propagation such as J-integral might be required to overcome the limitations of the static conditions implied in the stress intensity factor evaluation approach.
Construction and Operation of the Electrolytic Conductivity Detector (1964)

Journal Article Construction and Operation of the Electrolytic Conductivity Detector Get access Otto Piringer, Otto Piringer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eugen Tataru, Eugen Tataru Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mircea Pascalau Mircea Pascalau Institute of Atomic Physics, Cluj, Rumania. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 2, Issue 3, March 1964, Pages 104–106, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/2.3.104 Published: 01 March 1964 Article history Received: 13 November 1963 Published: 01 March 1964
The Effect of Additives on Vacuum Dried Honey Powder Properties (2008)

Vacuum drying of liquid honey was carried out using three additives, i.e., maltodextrin (drying agent), glycerol monostreate (flowability agent) and tricalcium phosphate (anti-caking agent). The drying experiments were conducted through a central composite rotatable (CCR) type experimental design with three levels and five variables to study the effect of the additives on the vacuum dried honey powder properties. The maximum and minimum level of malto dextrin, glycerol monostreate and tricalcium phosphate used in the experiments were 0.6-0.35 kg.kg dry honey solid-1, 0.02-0.01 kg.kg dry honey solid-1 and 0.02-0.01 kg.kg dry honey solid-1, respectively. The amount of maltodextrin, glycerol monostereate, and tricalcium phosphate required to reduce powder stickiness and caking and increase powder flowability were optimized based on the commercially available honey powder properties. At the optimum ranges of maltodextrin (0.429-0.55 kg.kg dry honey solid-1), glycerol monostereate (0.0121-0.0157 kg.kg dry honey solid-1), and tricalcium phosphate (0.0147-0.0156 kg.kg dry honey solid-1), the range of powder properties were: hygroscopicity= 8.33-10.27%; degree of caking=10.24-11.50%; flowability=22-24.56s; overall colour difference=5.8-7.9 and sticky point temperature = 45.5-50.65°C.
Turbulent energy production and entrainment at a highly stratified estuarine front (2004)

Rates of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) production and buoyancy flux in the region immediately seaward (∼1 km) of a highly stratified estuarine front at the mouth of the Fraser River (British Columbia, Canada) are calculated using a control volume approach. The calculations are based on field data obtained from shipboard instrumentation, specifically velocity data from a ship mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), and salinity data from a towed conductivity‐temperature‐depth (CTD) unit. The results allow for the calculation of vertical velocities in the water column, and the total vertical transport of salt and momentum. The vertical turbulent transport quantities ( , ) can then be estimated as the difference between the total transport and the advective transport. Estimated production is on the order of 10 −3 m 2 s −3 , yielding a value of ɛ(ν N 2 ) −1 on the order of 10 4 . This rate of TKE production is at the upper limit of reported values for ocean and coastal environments. Flux Richardson numbers in this highly energetic system generally range from 0.15 to 0.2, with most mixing occurring at gradient Richardson numbers slightly less than . These values compare favorably with other values in the literature that are associated with turbulence observations from regimes characterized by scales several orders of magnitude smaller than are present in the Fraser River.
Effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice (2015)

The results indicate that N-benzyloleamide has pharmaceutical property against exercise-induced fatigue, and this effect can be explained by the modulated energy metabolism and improved antioxidant status.
Form, function and intracortical projections of spiny neurones in the striate visual cortex of the cat. (1984)

We have studied the neuronal circuitry and structure-function relationships of single neurones in the striate visual cortex of the cat using a combination of electrophysiological and anatomical techniques. Glass micropipettes filled with horseradish peroxidase were used to record extracellularly from single neurones. After studying the receptive field properties, the afferent inputs of the neurones were studied by determining their latency of response to electrical stimulation at different positions along the optic pathway. Some cells were thus classified as receiving a mono- or polysynaptic input from afferents of the lateral geniculate nucleus (l.g.n.), via X- or Y-like retinal ganglion cells. Two striking correlations were found between dendritic morphology and receptive field type. All spiny stellate cells, and all star pyramidal cells in layer 4A, had receptive fields with spatially separate on and off subfields (S-type receptive fields). All the identified afferent input to these, the major cell types in layer 4, was monosynaptic from X- or Y-like afferents. Neurones receiving monosynaptic X- or Y-like input were not strictly segregated in layer 4 and the lower portion of layer 3. Nevertheless the X- and Y-like l.g.n. fibres did not converge on any of the single neurones so far studied. Monosynaptic input from the l.g.n. afferents was not restricted to cells lying within layers 4 and 6, the main termination zones of the l.g.n. afferents, but was also received by cells lying in layers 3 and 5. The projection pattern of cells receiving monosynaptic input differed widely, depending on the laminar location of the cell soma. This suggests the presence of a number of divergent paths within the striate cortex. Cells receiving indirect input from the l.g.n. afferents were located mainly within layers 2, 3 and 5. Most pyramidal cells in layer 3 had axons projecting out of the striate cortex, while many axons of the layer 5 pyramids did not. The layer 5 cells showed the most morphological variation of any layer, were the most difficult to activate by electrical stimulation, and contained some cells which responded with the longest latencies of any cells in the striate cortex. This suggests that they were several synapses distant from the l.g.n. input. The majority of cells in layers 2, 3, 4 and 6 had the same basic S-type receptive field structure. Only layer 5 contained a majority of cells with spatially overlapping on and off subfields (C- and B-type receptive fields).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Synthesis and Characterization of Celecoxib Derivatives as Possible Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, Antioxidant, Anticancer and Anti-HCV Agents (2013)

A series of novel N-(3-substituted aryl/alkyl-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene)-4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamides 2a-e were synthesized by the addition of ethyl a-bromoacetate and anhydrous sodium acetate in dry ethanol to N-(substituted aryl/alkylcarbamothioyl)-4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoro-methyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzene sulfonamides 1a-e, which were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl/aryl isothiocyanates with celecoxib. The structures of the isolated products were determined by spectral methods and their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activities evaluated. The compounds were also tested for gastric toxicity and selected compound 1a was screened for its anticancer activity against 60 human tumor cell lines. These investigations revealed that compound 1a exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and further did not cause tissue damage in liver, kidney, colon and brain compared to untreated controls or celecoxib. Compounds 1c and 1d displayed modest inhibition of HCV NS5B RdRp activity. In conclusion, N-(ethylcarbamothioyl)-4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide (1a) may have the potential to be developed into a therapeutic agent.