gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ISOLOBAL BORON CARBONYL CARBOCATION ANALOGS (2005)

The isolobal [Formula: see text] relationship has been applied computationally to create a new family of positively charged boron carbonyls. These are generated by replacing one or more of the CH's in carbocations by BCO groups. The boron carbonyl cations can be hypercoordinated (e.g. H 4 BCO + , isolobal with [Formula: see text]), hydrogen bridged (e.g. ( BCO ) 2 H + , isolobal with the bridged vinyl cation [Formula: see text]), carbon bridged (e.g. [Formula: see text], isolobal with the 2-norbornyl cation), and polyhedral (e.g. [Formula: see text], isolobal with C 4 v [Formula: see text]). Furthermore, the BCO analogs have geometries and electronic structures similar to those of their carbocation counterparts, for example, characterized by 3c-2e multicenter and aromatic six interstitial electron bonding. The nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS) at the centers of three-membered rings or the pyramidal clusters are highly diatropic, ranging from -28 to -45 ppm. The replacement of CH by BCO favors the hypercoordinate bonding characteristic of boron compounds due to the more diffuse orbitals and lower electronegativity of boron.
New Members of a Class of Dinitrosyliron Complexes (DNICs): Interconversion and Spectroscopic Discrimination of the Anionic {Fe(NO)<sub>2</sub>}<sup>9</sup> [(NO)<sub>2</sub>Fe(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>−</sup> and [(NO)<sub>2</sub>Fe(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>)(SR)]<sup>−</sup> (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> = Deprotonated Imidazole; R = <i><sup>t</sup></i>Bu, Et, Ph) (2008)

The anionic {Fe(NO)2}(9) DNIC[(NO)2Fe(C3H3N2)2](-) (2) (C3H3N2 = deprotonated imidazole) containing the deprotonated imidazole-coordinated ligands and DNICs [(NO)2Fe(C3H3N2)(SR)](-) (R = (t)Bu(3), Et(4), Ph(5)) containing the mixed deprotonated imidazole-thiolate coordinated ligands, respectively, were synthesized by thiol protonation or thiolate(s) ligand-exchange reaction. The anionic {Fe(NO)2}(9) DNICs 2- 5 were characterized by IR, UV-vis, EPR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The facile transformation among the anionic {Fe(NO)2}(9) DNICs 2- 5 and [(NO)2Fe(S(t)Bu)2](-)/[(NO)2Fe(SEt)2](-)/[(NO)2Fe(SPh)2](-) was demonstrated in this systematic study. Of importance, the distinct electron-donating ability of thiolates serve to regulate the stability of the anionic {Fe(NO)2}(9) DNICs and the ligand-substitution reactions of DNICs. At 298 K, DNIC 2 exhibits the nine-line EPR signal with g = 2.027 (aN(NO) = 2.20 and aN(Im-H) = 3.15 G; Im-H = deprotonated imidazole) and DNIC 3 displays the nine-line signals with g = 2.027 (aN(NO) = 2.35 and aN(Im-H) = 4.10 G). Interestingly, the EPR spectrum of complex 4 exhibits a well-resolved 11-line pattern with g = 2.027 (aN(NO) = 2.50, aN(Im-H) = 4.10 G, and aH = 1.55 G) at 298 K. The EPR spectra (the pattern of hyperfine splitting) in combination with IR nu NO spectra (DeltanuNO = the separation of NO stretching frequencies, DeltanuNO = approximately 62 cm (-1) for 2 vs approximately 50 cm(-1) for 3- 5 vs approximately 43 cm(-1) for [(NO)2Fe(S(t)Bu)2](-)/[(NO)2Fe(SEt)2](-)/[(NO)2Fe(SPh)2](-)) may serve as an efficient tool for the discrimination of the existence of the anionic {Fe(NO)2}(9) DNICs containing the different ligations [N,N]/[N,S]/[S,S].
Chemical Cross-Linking Modification of Polyimide/Poly(ether sulfone) Dual-Layer Hollow-Fiber Membranes for Gas Separation (2003)

A novel engineering approach on cross-linking modification of polyimide hollow-fiber membranes is reported. The concept is demonstrated using a dual-layer hollow-fiber membrane structure, where a polyimide {copoly[1,4-durene/1,3-phenylene-2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropanediimide] (6FDA-durene/mPDA) (50:50)} is chosen as the outer layer and poly(ether sulfone) (PES) is selected as the inner layer. Chemical cross-linking modification occurs at the outer polyimide layer by immersing the dual-layer hollow fibers in a 5% (w/v) p-xylenediamine/methanol solution at ambient temperature for a short period of time. Fourier transform infrared studies show that chemical cross-linking modification takes place by the formation of amide groups through the reactions between p-xylenediamine and imide groups. The PES inner layer is found to be immune from the proposed chemical cross-linking modification and remains porous and flexible as a supporting layer. Pure gas tests show that chemical cross-linking modification of dual-layer hollow fibers results in a reduction in permeance but significantly enhances the CO2/N2 and especially CO2/CH4 selectivities. The proposed chemical cross-linking modification also makes the polymer more resistant to plasticization and thus reduces the CO2-induced increase in gas permeance.
Digital Outcrop Models: Applications of Terrestrial Scanning Lidar Technology in Stratigraphic Modeling (2005)

Abstract Laser ranging is extremely accurate and efficient. Terrestrial scanning lidar (light detection and ranging) applied to outcrop stratigraphic mapping enables researchers to capture laser range data at a rate of thousands of individual X, Y, Z and laser-intensity points per second. These data, in conjunction with complementary remotely and directly sampled data, are used to conduct high-precision facies characterization and to construct 3D geological computer models. Outcrop data are presented here to explain our workflow and to discuss the construction of rock-based 3D Digital Outcrop Models (DOMs). Reproducibility and quantification are the drivers of this methodology. High-resolution terrestrial lidar acquisition, processing, interpretation, and visualization are discussed and applied to mapping of geological surfaces in three dimensions. Laser-generated models offer scientists an unprecedented visualization medium in a quantitative 3D arena. Applications of this technology include constructing and visualizing complex 3D Earth models from outcrops for improved reservoir modeling, flow simulation in hydrocarbon and aquifer systems, and property modeling to constrain forward seismic modeling.
ABSORBABLE METAL CLIPS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR LIGATURES AND DEEP SUTURES IN WOUND CLOSURE (1917)

Metallic clips can be inserted much more quickly than any suture. They are also more rapid than stitches for closing deep layers and bleeding vessels but would, of course, leave the wounds full of small foreign bodies unless some absorbable metal could be used. I have been trying various metals and alloys with a view to finding those most absorbable, hoping to combine the good qualities of the animal ligature with the strength and speed of the metal clip, clamps and staples. A large part of the time required for any operation is that used in tying ligatures and in deep suturing. In some operations this amounts to 80 or 90 per cent, of the whole time spent. If we make a "study of efficency" in wound closure we see at once that there is a great deal of lost motion in first seizing and subsequently tying large numbers of
Chemoradiotherapy with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a prospective phase III randomized study of the Southwest Oncology Group. (1995)

GM-CSF, as delivered in this study, should not be included with concurrent chemoradiotherapy treatment programs for limited-stage SCLC. The simultaneous use of hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) and chemoradiotherapy should be performed only in experimental settings. Chemoradiotherapy programs with cisplatin and etoposide ([VP-16] PE) and simultaneous chest RT produce grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in a small-enough proportion of patients that prophylactic hematopoietic growth factors are clinically unnecessary.
End-to-End Dynamic Query Memory Network for Entity-Value Independent Task-Oriented Dialog (2018)

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Dynamic Query Memory Network (DQMemNN) with a delexicalization mechanism for task-oriented dialog systems. The added dynamic component enables memory networks to capture the dialog's sequential dependencies by using a context-based query. Besides, the delexicalization mechanism reduces learning complexity and it alleviates the out-of-vocabulary entity problems. Experiments show that DQMemNN outperforms original end-to-end memory network models on bAbI full-dialog task by 3.1 % per-response and 39.3% per-dialog accuracy. In addition, the proposed framework achieves a promising average per-response accuracy of 99.7% and per-dialog accuracy of 97.8% without hand-crafted rules and features.
Calibration of the Atom Probe FIM (1969)

Accurate identification of atomic species in the atom probe FIM requires a highly shielded tip assembly, as well as a revision of the equation formerly used to compute the m/n ratios. Voltage reflections on the unterminated pulse transmission line cause the actual evaporation pulse at the tip to be greater than the applied pulse by a ``pulse factor'' α. In addition, the recorded flight time of the ion under investigation differs from the actual flight time by a constant electronic time delay δ. Using either of two single isotope calibration techniques, both α and δ can be determined. For a shielded tip assembly either technique gives a value of α=2.00±0.05 and a value of δ=0.06±0.02 μsec. Typical absolute mass determination using these values of α and δ is within ±0.6 amu at m/n=20, and ±1.6 amu at m/n=100. When masses near a known species, like hydrogen- or helium-metal molecular ions, are to be detected, the practical resolution reaches ±0.2 amu at the middle of the mass range.
Standard-C and Positioning (1987)

Since the days of Sputnik, 1, Transit and Early Bird, satellite communications and navigation have followed separate development paths. Now with the development of the INMARSAT Standard-C and Enhanced Group Call systems the two will be drawn more closely together. Standard-C will provide a simple low cost satellite solution for ships to send and receive data and messages throughout the world in any weather 24 hours a day. For the mariner this will mark a significant advancement over existing conventional services. The Enhanced Group Call (EGC) system uses the basic Standard-C system architecture to broadcast Marine Safety Information (SafetyNET) and commercial calls (FleetNET) to defined geographic areas or groups of ships. The EGC system therefore brings the mariner an optimal way to automatically receive shore-to-ship distress alerts, routine weather forecasts and NAVAREA and storm warnings applicable to the area in which he is sailing. For the commercial user it offers a means to provide news, stock, commodity market and other business information to a selected group of recipients. In the future it may also provide the means for automatically updating data bases containing electronic charts, light lists, tide tables, hazardous cargo and other information currently carried in printed form. The ability to advise ships in near real-time of pertinent Marine Safety Information will be demonstrated during sea trials of the EGC system in the North Atlantic during 1987. A successful trial is expected to lead to IMO making an EGC receiver capability a part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) carriage requirements which, together with 518 KHz NAVTEX, will enable the mariner to receive crucial Marine Safety Information automatically anywhere he sails. The Standard-C ship earth station (SES) will have the ability to transmit the vessel's position automatically when connected to an electronic positioning system, either at pre-assigned intervals or on demand when polled. The same capability may also be used to transmit meteorological observations as well as cargo and engine monitoring/performance data. Starting in 1987, INMARSAT will test and demonstrate position determination through its satellites by using ranging techniques. It is planned that some of these tests will be conducted using modified Standard-C SESs. Sea Trials of Standard-C will begin in the latter part of 1987 with commercial service from 1988. The multifunctional capabilities of this small, lightweight, low-cost SES with omnidirectional antenna are remarkable. Standard-C will therefore have a significant impact on navigation and communications practice and thinking by the marine community into the 21st Century.
How to Avoid Taking a Bath on Energy Costs (2000)

In day‐to‐day function, water supply and wastewater treatment plants require an enormous amount of energy to move water from point A to point B, resulting in annual municipal utility bills that are typically in the tens of thousands of dollars. Additionally, strict budgets often make energy efficiency improvements difficult to achieve. This article offers strategies for maximizing energy efficiency in the municipal water industry. Subjects discussed include pumping system improvements, four ways for cutting energy costs as applied to a hypothetical example, and variable‐speed drives. Resources to consult for energy saving ideas are also listed.
Chromous chloride promoted cyclization of olefinic N-chloro amides. Synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromous chloride promoted cyclization of olefinic N-chloro amides. Synthesis of nitrogen heterocyclesJean Lessard, Roland Cote, Philippe Mackiewicz, Roland Furstoss, and Bernard WaegellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 19, 3750–3756Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00413a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00413a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views710Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nucleophilic Chiral Amines as Catalysts in Asymmetric Synthesis (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic Chiral Amines as Catalysts in Asymmetric SynthesisStefan France, David J. Guerin, Scott J. Miller, and Thomas LectkaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 8, 2985–3012Publication Date (Web):August 13, 2003Publication History Received4 April 2003Published online13 August 2003Published inissue 1 August 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr020061ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr020061aresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9015Altmetric-Citations465LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amines,Catalysts,Kinetic resolution,Organic compounds,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
New Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE (Liliaceae). (1994)

From the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae), four new steroidal saponins named anemarrhenasaponins I-IV (1-4) were isolated, together with known saponins, timosaponin A-III (5), marcogenin diglycoside (6) and timosaponin B-II (7) and a xanthone C-glycoside, mangiferin. These saponins are coprostane type steroidal glycosides. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence.
Assessment of Homomorphic Analysis for Human Activity Recognition From Acceleration Signals (2017)

Unobtrusive activity monitoring can provide valuable information for medical and sports applications. In recent years, human activity recognition has moved to wearable sensors to deal with unconstrained scenarios. Accelerometers are the preferred sensors due to their simplicity and availability. Previous studies have examined several classic techniques for extracting features from acceleration signals, including time-domain, time-frequency, frequency-domain, and other heuristic features. Spectral and temporal features are the preferred ones and they are generally computed from acceleration components, leaving the acceleration magnitude potential unexplored. In this study, a new type of feature extraction stage, based on homomorphic analysis, is proposed in order to exploit discriminative activity information present in acceleration signals. Homomorphic analysis can isolate the information about whole body dynamics and translate it into a compact representation, called cepstral coefficients. Experiments have explored several configurations of the proposed features, including size of representation, signals to be used, and fusion with other features. Cepstral features computed from acceleration magnitude obtained one of the highest recognition rates. In addition, a beneficial contribution was found when time-domain and moving pace information was included in the feature vector. Overall, the proposed system achieved a recognition rate of 91.21% on the publicly available SCUT-NAA dataset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest recognition rate on this dataset.
Tensioactive Compounds from the Aquatic Plant Ranunculus fluitans L. (Ranunculaceae) (2000)

In the search for the cause for the formation of persistent foam in the Rhine River below the Rhine Fall at Schaffhausen, an investigation of the tensioactive principles from the aquatic plant Ranunculus fluitans L. (Ranunculaceae) was carried out. Two new (see 1 and 2) and four known bisdesmosidic triterpene saponins (see 4 – 6) were isolated along with the two known diacylglycerol galactosides 7 and 8. The saponin structures were established by the identification of the aglycon and sugar moieties by HPLC and chiral capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), ion-spray LC/MS and extensive 1- and 2D homo- and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. The structures of the new oleanane-type saponins were identified as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]hederagenin (1) and 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oleanolic acid [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (2). LC/MS Studies of tensioactive fractions revealed the presence of additional glycoglycerolipids.
Structure and Characterization of the 5′-Flanking Region of the Mouse Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain (SM1/2) Gene (1996)

We have previously shown that smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms (SMs), including SM1, SM2, and SMemb, are differentially expressed during vascular development, and in vascular lesions, such as atherosclerosis. The SM1/2 gene is expressed exclusively in smooth muscle cells and generates SM1 and SM2 mRNAs by alternative splicing. Whereas SM1 is constitutively expressed from early development, SM2 appears only after birth. In this study, we have isolated and characterized the 5'-flanking region of the mouse SM1/2 gene. Transient transfection assays using a series of promoter-luciferase chimeric constructs demonstrated that tandem elements of the CCTCCC sequence, located at -89 and -61 bp relative to the transcription start site, were essential for transcriptional activity of the SM1/2 gene in primary cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells and smooth muscle cell lines derived from the rabbit aorta but not in non-smooth muscle cells. Gel mobility shift assays indicated that CCTCCC was a binding site for nuclear proteins prepared from smooth muscle cells. Double-stranded oligonucleotides containing either the CACC box or the Sp1 consensus sequence efficiently competed with the CCTCCC elements for binding the nuclear extracts. Site-specific mutations of CCTCCC elements resulted in a significant reduction of the promoter activity. Moreover, CCTCCC elements are evolutionary conserved between mouse and rabbit. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate an important role for the interaction of the CCTCCC sequence with Sp1 or related factors in activating transcription from the SM1/2 gene promoter.
A 256kb Sub-threshold SRAM in 65nm CMOS (2006)

A 256kb sub-threshold SRAM operates below 400mV from 0 to 85°C and is implemented in 65nm CMOS technology. For the same 6sigma static-noise margin, the sub-threshold SRAM at 0.4V achieves 2.25-times lower leakage power and 2.25X lower active energy than its 6T counterpart at 0.6V. The SRAM uses a 10T bitcell to enable sub-threshold functionality
Degradation of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) in anaerobic soils (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegradation of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) in anaerobic soilsNarra B. K. Murthy and Donald D. KaufmanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978, 26, 5, 1151–1156Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60219a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60219a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts