gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembling Nanofibers from Thiophene–Peptide Diblock Oligomers: A Combined Experimental and Computer Simulations Study (2011)

We report herein the synthesis of a novel type of hybrid compound that consists of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) functionalized β-sheet peptide sequence covalently linked to an alkylated quaterthiophene moiety. Compounds of this class are highly promising for technological applications because their self-assembly and stimuli-responsive behavior, which is mainly caused by the peptide moieties, combined with the potential semiconducting properties of oligothiophenes provides unprecedented opportunities for the design of advanced materials at the nanoscale in such areas as, for example, organic electronics and sensor design for chemical and biomedical applications. The compound presented herein is experimentally shown to form stable fibrillar aggregates that are visualized by both transmission electron and atomic force microscopy. We developed a theoretical methodology to study the possible intermolecular arrangements and their characteristic features with the help of all-atom MD simulations, while simultaneously incorporating available experimental data into the model. Large-scale atomistic simulations of several fibrillar aggregates with different molecular arrangements were performed. The results of the simulations are compared with experimental data, which leads to the proposition of a likely model for the arrangement of the individual molecules within the observed aggregates.
Multiple Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Binding Sites in the Extracellular Domain of the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Sensing Receptor Corresponding to Cooperative Ca<sup>2+</sup> Response (2008)

A small change in the extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) integrates cell signaling responses in multiple cellular and tissue networks and functions via activation of Ca(2+)-sensing receptors (CaSR). Mainly through binding of Ca(2+) to the large extracellular domain (ECD) of the dimeric CaSR, intracellular Ca(2+) responses are highly cooperative with an apparent Hill coefficient ranging from 2 to 4. We have previously reported the identification of two continuous putative Ca(2+)-binding sites by grafting CaSR-derived, Ca(2+)-binding peptides to a scaffold protein, CD2, that does not bind Ca(2+). In this paper, we predict more potential noncontinuous Ca(2+)-binding sites in the ECD. We dissect the intact CaSR into three globular subdomains, each of which contains two to three predicted Ca(2+)-binding sites. This approach enables us to further understand the mechanisms underlying the binding of multiple metal ions to extended polypeptides derived from a location within the ECD of the CaSR, which would be anticipated to more closely mimic the structure of the native CaSR ECD. Tb(3+) luminescence energy transfer, ANS fluorescence, and NMR studies show biphasic metal-binding components and Ca(2+)-dependent conformational changes in these subdomains. Removing the predicted Ca(2+)-binding ligands in site 1 and site 3 abolishes the first binding step and second binding step, respectively. Studies on these subdomains suggest the existence of multiple metal-binding sites and metal-induced conformational changes that might be responsible for the switching on and off the CaSR by the transition between its open inactive form and closed active form.
Morphable guidelines for the human head (2013)

We present a system to help users achieve better face warping on 2D portrait images. Faces can be difficult to warp accurately because the rotation of the head affects the shape of the facial features. We bypass this problem by utilizing the Loomis 'ball and plane' head drawing method as a proxy structure. The resulting 'morphable guidelines' consist of a simple 3D head model. This proxy model can be reshaped by the user to mimic the positioning and proportions of a face in their input image. The vertices of the model act as deformation points for a 2D image deformation algorithm. Thus, the user can seamlessly transform the face proportions in the 2D image by transforming the proportions of the morphable guidelines. This technique can be used for both retouching and caricature warping purposes, as it is well-suited for both subtle and extreme modifications. Our system is advantageous over previous work in face warping because our morphable guidelines can be used on a wide range of head orientations and do not require the generation and reintegration of a full 3D model.
Enabling Network Convergence Through Contextual Session Mobility With IMS (2011)

To fully benefit from the all IP convergence, it should be possible for a user not only to access services ubiquitously and at any time, but also to automatically and seamlessly transfer ongoing communication between different devices. This article investigates the problem space of supporting Session Mobility (SM) with IMS and the associated issues such as when and how to support dynamic changes in the set of devices through which the user accesses a session. It also investigates how the SM arrival calls should be handled at the network level where they are not considered as ongoing sessions. Hence, we discuss the design options and identify functional blocks needed to support SM. We propose applying priority-based resource allocation approach to guarantee lower blocking probability for ongoing SM arrival calls compared to new arrival calls. Numerical results show that this approach allows achieving such performance for different call arrival rates.
<i>In vivo</i>Model of Follicular Lymphoma Resistant to Rituximab (2009)

This model provides insight on potential in vivo resistance mechanisms to rituximab and could help contribute to the development of novel therapies in rituximab-refractory diseases.
Compact metamaterial quad-band antenna for mobile application (2008)

In this paper, we presented two examples of compact quad-band antennas which are designed based on MTM technology™. These multi-band antennas not only occupy smaller volume than conventional antennas such as monopole and PIFA, but also provide equal or better performances. In addition, these Metmataterial antennas are easily printed on the product PCB board, thus significantly reducing the cost in the mass production. The antenna performances clearly demonstrate that the proposed antennas can satisfy the needs of the modern mobile device applications.
A high luminance direct view color AC-plasma display (2002)

To improve luminance, a direct-view structure has been introduced for surface discharge PDPs. A white reflection layer, a white partition, and an optimum thick phosphor are used. To reduce panel surface reflectance, a black partition is used. Consequently, 130 cd/m/sup 2/ peak surface average white luminance, 0.50 lm/W luminous efficiency, and 13.1 contrast ratio under 100-lx room light are achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High detectivity visible-blind SiF4 grown epitaxial graphene/SiC Schottky contact bipolar phototransistor (2017)

We report the performance of a bipolar epitaxial graphene (EG)/p-SiC/n+-SiC UV phototransistor fabricated with a Schottky (EG)/SiC junction grown using a SiF4 precursor. The phototransistor showed responsivity as high as 25 A/W at 250 nm in the Schottky emitter (SE) mode. The Schottky collector (SC) mode showed a responsivity of 17 A/W at 270 nm with a visible rejection (270 nm:400 nm)&gt;103. The fastest response was seen in the SC-mode, with 10 ms turn-on and 47 ms turn-off, with a noise equivalent power of 2.3 fW at 20 Hz and a specific detectivity of 4.4 × 1013 Jones. The high responsivity is due to internal gain from bipolar action. We observe additional avalanche gain from the device periphery in the SC-mode by scanning photocurrent microscopy but not in the SE-mode. This high-performance visible-blind photodetector is attractive for advanced applications such as flame detection.
Thermal degradation analysis of thermoset resins (2009)

Abstract Dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and dielectric analysis (DEA) were conducted for three thermoset resin systems: bismaleimide, epoxy, and vinyl ester. The resin samples were subjected to various degrees of thermal exposure (400, 270, and 330°C for 5–150 min). Dielectric constants were measured along with the thermomechanical properties. The glass‐transition temperature, modulus, and weight loss were important parameters for correlating the material property changes with the heat exposure. A linear relation was determined between the thermomechanical properties and the dielectric properties of the resins under the selected exposure conditions. Therefore, DEA can be introduced as a significant technique for evaluating thermally exposed polymer materials. Interestingly, it is a nondestructive evaluation process. In the future, it could be used for onsite health monitoring of thermally exposed polymer matrix composite structures. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Safe Strategies for Agent Modelling in Games. (2004)

Research in opponent modelling has shown success, but a fundamental question has been overlooked: what happens when a modeller is faced with an opponent that cannot be successfully modelled? Many opponent modellers could do arbitrarily poorly against such an opponent. In this paper, we aim to augment opponent modelling techniques with a method that enables models to be used safely. We introduce -safe strategies, which bound by the possible loss versus a safe value. We also introduce the Safe Policy Selection algorithm (SPS) as a method to vary in a controlled fash-ion. We prove in the limit that an agent using SPS is guar-anteed to attain at least a safety value in the cases when the opponent modelling is ineffective. We also show empirical evidence that SPS does not adversely affect agents that are capable of modelling the opponent. Tests with a domain of complicated modellers show that SPS is effective at elimi-nating losses while retaining wins in a variety of modelling algorithms.
Complementary and alternative cancer therapies: past, present and the future scenario. (2004)

Use of complementary and alternative therapies is widespread among cancer patients. Throughout the world cancer patients try many questionable or unproven treatment methods. The reasons for adopting these therapies are complex and are related to the social and cultural contexts of their geographical locations. In case of severe illness, the desire to leave no stone unturned is a powerful motivator. In developing countries, ignorance, socioeconomics, and inadequate access to mainstream medical facilities are major factors that play an important role for patients opting for alternative therapies that are replacements for mainstream treatment. Whereas in developed countries a significant proportion of cancer patients try complementary therapies as adjuncts to mainstream care for management of symptoms and to improve quality of life. Many alternative therapies, including pharmacological and biological treatments, remain highly controversial but at the same time are very popular. Evidence from randomized trial supports the value of hypnosis for cancer pain and nausea; relaxation therapy and massage for anxiety; and acupuncture for nausea. This article reviews the different popular alternative cancer therapies practiced in India and neighboring south east Asian countries to project the current international scenario on complementary and alternative cancer therapies.
Effect of the column to particle diameter ratio on the dispersion of unsorbed solutes in chromatography (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of the column to particle diameter ratio on the dispersion of unsorbed solutes in chromatographyJohn H. Knox and Jon F. ParcherCite this: Anal. Chem. 1969, 41, 12, 1599–1606Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60281a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60281a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views798Altmetric-Citations228LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modeling putative therapeutic implications of exosome exchange between tumor and immune cells (2014)

Development of effective strategies to mobilize the immune system as a therapeutic modality in cancer necessitates a better understanding of the contribution of the tumor microenvironment to the complex interplay between cancer cells and the immune response. Recently, effort has been directed at unraveling the functional role of exosomes and their cargo of messengers in this interplay. Exosomes are small vesicles (30-200 nm) that mediate local and long-range communication through the horizontal transfer of information, such as combinations of proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Here, we develop a tractable theoretical framework to study the putative role of exosome-mediated cell-cell communication in the cancer-immunity interplay. We reduce the complex interplay into a generic model whose three components are cancer cells, dendritic cells (consisting of precursor, immature, and mature types), and killer cells (consisting of cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, effector B cells, and natural killer cells). The framework also incorporates the effects of exosome exchange on enhancement/reduction of cell maturation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune recognition, and activation/inhibition. We reveal tristability-possible existence of three cancer states: a low cancer load with intermediate immune level state, an intermediate cancer load with high immune level state, and a high cancer load with low immune-level state, and establish the corresponding effective landscape for the cancer-immunity network. We illustrate how the framework can contribute to the design and assessments of combination therapies.
Synthesis of N-Substituted 1,6-Dihydro-3(2H)-pyridinones and 1-Acyl-3-piperidines (1984)

Synthesis of the N-substituted 1,6-dihydro-3(2H)pyridinones (3, 5 , and 9) and 1-acyl-3-piperidones (l and 10) is described.1-Benzylpiperidine-3,5-dione (1) was converted into N-substituted 1,6-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridinones (3, 6 , and 9) via the methyl en01 ethers (2, 5, and 8).Selective reduction of -6 and 9 with Et3SiH in the presence of TiC14 produced the 1acyl-3-piperidones (? and 10).Recently, 1,6-dibydro-3(2H)-pyridinone system has been reported by M. Hanaoka and his co-workers1 to be a potential synthon to many kinds of alkaloid syntheses, and 1-acyl-3-piperidone derivatives have proved to be useful intermediates for syntheses analogues of nipecotic acid and guvacine.'Hence, we have investigated the chemistry of 1,6-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridinones and wish to report herein a convenient route to the N-substituted 1,6-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridinones and l-acyl-3piperidones.The synthesis of the title compounds in the Scheme 1 was achieved from the known 1-benzylpiperidine-3.5-dione (L), which was subsequently converted into l-benzyl-3-methoxy-5-0~0-3,4-dehydropiperidine (2) [ mp 111-112°C (lit.3 109.5-11O0C)] by treatment with dry MeOH and HC1 gas in yield of 67%.Reduction of 2 using NaBH4 in EtOH gave a 71% yield of 1-benzyl-1,6-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridinone ( 3 ) [ syrup, 3 max 1685 cm-l, mle 187 (M+) 1. Dehenzylation of 1 hydrochloride by catalytic hydrogenation on 5% Pd-C in MeOH at room temperature gave a 80% yield of 3-methoxy-5-0x0-3.4-dehydropiperidine(4) [ oil, $ max 1650 and 1610 cm-l, mle 127 ( M ' ) 4
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Calls for Activation in Moderation: Lessons from Genetics and Pharmacology (2004)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a prototypical member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and integrates the control of energy, lipid, and glucose homeostasis. PPARgamma can bind a variety of small lipophilic compounds derived from metabolism and nutrition. These ligands, in turn, determine cofactor recruitment to PPARgamma, regulating the transcription of genes in a variety of metabolic pathways. PPARgamma is the main target of the thiazolidinedione class of insulin-sensitizing drugs, which are currently a mainstay of therapy for type 2 diabetes. However, this therapy has a number of side effects. Here, we review the clinical consequences of PPARgamma polymorphisms in humans, as well as several studies in mice using general or tissue-specific knockout techniques. We also discuss the recent pharmacological literature describing a variety of new PPARgamma partial agonists and antagonists, as well as pan-PPAR agonists. The results of these studies have added to the understanding of PPARgamma function, allowing us to hypothesize a general mechanism of PPARgamma action and speculate on future trends in the use of PPARgamma as a target in the treatment of type II diabetes.
Effects of die coatings, mold compounds, and test conditions on temperature cycling failures (1995)

When a plastic package is subjected to repeated thermal excursions such as during thermal cycling or thermal shock, progressive damage to the silicon die occurs. Damage can be initiated in the form of interfacial delamination accompanied by passivation cracking, and subsequently, by dielectric fracture that may ultimately lead to device failure. The extent of damage depends on the interaction between the various components in the package. In this study, thermal cycling of PLCC packages indicated that the die design configuration, the nature of the coating and its thickness, the formulation of the molding compound, the preconditioning of the packages, and the thermal excursion conditions all govern the electrical failure rates observed. Thus, careful selection of the proper combination of parameters can offer improved device reliability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thermal and Electromagnetic Behavior of Doped Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Films (1997)

Structure and electrophysical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films electrochemically doped with PF6-, BF4-, and CF3SO3- have been studied. According to SEM and XRD studies, doped PEDOT films have amorphous fibrillar structure. Thermal studies show that continuous degradation occurs above 150 °C and complete decomposition above 390 °C. Temperature dependence of the dc conductivity of best doped PEDOT samples was very weak and characteristic resistivity ratio ρr = ρ(1.4 K)/ρ(291 K) was less than 2. For these most conducting PEDOT samples the temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR = Δρ/ρΔΤ) changes sign below 10 K from negative to positive which is characteristic for normal metals. SQUID data are in good agreement with the conductivity results.
The changes of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ proportion in spleen of tumor-bearing BALB/c mice (2005)

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes (TR) constitute 5-10% of peripheral CD4+ T cells in naive mice and humans, and play an important role in controlling immune responses. Accumulating evidences show that TR cells are involved in some physiological processes and pathologic conditions such as autoimmune diseases, transplantation tolerance and cancer, and might be a promising therapeutic target for these diseases.To evaluate the change of CD4+CD25+ TR cells in mouse tumor models, CD4+CD25+ subset in peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes from normal or C26 colon-carcinoma-bearing BABL/c mice were analyzed by flow cytometry using double staining with CD4 and CD25 antibodies.The proportion of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ in spleen lymphocytes was found to be higher than that in peripheral blood lymphocytes in normal mice. No difference was observed in the proportion in peripheral blood lymphocytes between tumor bearing mice and normal mice, while there was a significant increase in the proportion in spleen lymphocytes in tumor bearing mice as compared with normal mice. Moreover, the proportion increased in accordance with the increase in the tumor sizes. The increase in the proportion was due to the decrease in CD4+ in lymphocytes, which is resulted from decreased CD4+CD25- subset in lymphocytes. Our observation suggests the CD4+CD25+/CD4+ proportion in spleen lymphocytes might be a sensitive index to evaluate the TR in tumor mouse models, and our results provide some information on strategies of antitumor immunotherapy targeting CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes.
Tuberculosis in the 1990s (1993)

Control of tuberculosis in the United States will require improved implementation of established techniques to diagnose, treat, and prevent tuberculosis, with renewed emphasis on ensuring compliance with therapy.
Robust Watermarking Method for Colour Still Image Databases (2014)

This paper addresses the issues of oblivious, transparent and Stirmark robust watermarking of colour still image databases. Note that the well-known Cox and Ó Ruanaidh non-oblivious methods are devoted only to grey levels individual still images and, unfortunately, they do not survive the Stirmark attack. Besides, the Cox method allows only a single bit to be recovered at the detection side (a marked/unmarked answer is obtained). By extending and generalising the principles of the Cox and Ó Ruanaidh approaches, and by overcoming their limitations, the new oblivious method proposed in this paper allows a 64 bit message to be checked out at the detector. The message is coded according to the Spread Spectrum – Code Division Multiple Access (SS–CDMA) technique, and embedded into the most significant DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) coefficients (except for the DC – the direct component). Applied to 1000 sequences of 32 still images, the method exhibits an excellent behaviour in terms of transparency (both fidelity and quality), robustness (JPEG compression, the change of format, scaling, print&amp;scan, Stirmark attack) and probability of false alarm (lower than 10102 − ×). Finally, the extension towards colour video watermarking is taken into consideration; some solutions are proposed and experimental results are presented. 1.
The 5-HT2 Antagonist Ritanserin Decreases Sleep in Cats (1993)

Sleep and wakefulness were recorded in cats after oral administration of the 5-HT2 antagonist ritanserin at doses of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg (n = 6), and after 2.5 mg/kg (n = 3). A subgroup (n = 4) of the animals also received the selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor zimeldine and a combination of ritanserin and zimeldine. The drugs were administered shortly after light onset, and sleep was recorded for 15 hours. Waking was increased and slow wave sleep (SWS), particularly deep slow wave sleep (SWS-2), was decreased throughout the recording time after ritanserin administration. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency was increased, and the amount of REM sleep was reduced. In the combination study, ritanserin reduced the delayed SWS increase following the serotonin uptake inhibitor. The findings of increased waking and decreased SWS-2 after ritanserin in cats contrasts with findings from humans and rats where slow wave sleep is increased following ritanserin administration.