gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A business cordless PABX telephone system on 800 MHz based on the DECT technology (1991)

In January 1988, The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunication administrations (CEPT) decided to base the standard for medium and long-term applications of advanced digital European cordless telecommunications (DECT) on a multicarrier/time-division-multiple-access/time-division-duplex (MC/TDMA/TDD) approach. The Ericsson DCT 900 MC/TDMA/TDD pico cellular cordless telephone system concept is presented. It is a DECT-like system with limited data services operating up to 8 MHz in the 860 to 870 MHz frequency band, but it can be implemented anywhere in the 800 to 900 MHz bands. A description of the DCT 900 system and the cordless radio subsystem is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The second natural gas hydrate production test in the South China Sea (2020)

Clayey silt reservoirs bearing natural gas hydrates (NGH) are considered to be the hydrate-bearing reservoirs that boast the highest reserves but tend to be the most difficult to exploit. They are proved to be exploitable by the first NGH production test conducted in the South China Sea in 2017. Based on the understanding of the first production test, the China Geological Survey determined the optimal target NGH reservoirs for production test and conducted a detailed assessment, numerical and experimental simulation, and onshore testing of the reservoirs. After that, it conducted the second offshore NGH production test in 1225 m deep Shenhu Area, South China Sea (also referred to as the second production test) from October 2019 to April 2020. During the second production test, a series of technical challenges of drilling horizontal wells in shallow soft strata in deep sea were met, including wellhead stability, directional drilling of a horizontal well, reservoir stimulation and sand control, and accurate depressurization. As a result, 30 days of continuous gas production was achieved, with a cumulative gas production of 86.14 ×10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>3</sup>. Thus, the average daily gas production is 2.87 ×10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>3</sup>, which is 5.57 times as much as that obtained in the first production test. Therefore, both the cumulative gas production and the daily gas production were highly improved compared to the first production test. As indicated by the monitoring results of the second production test, there was no anomaly in methane content in the seafloor, seawater, and atmosphere throughout the whole production test. This successful production test further indicates that safe and effective NGH exploitation is feasible in clayey silt NGH reservoirs. The industrialization of hydrates consists of five stages in general, namely theoretical research and simulation experiments, exploratory production test, experimental production test, productive production test, and commercial production. The second production test serves as an important step from the exploratory production test to experimental production test.
A modified voltage balancing sorting algorithm for the modular multilevel converter: Evaluation for staircase and phase-disposition PWM (2014)

This paper introduces a low complexity implementation of the voltage balancing sorting algorithm to reduce the switching frequency of the power devices in modular multilevel converters (MMCs). Two modulation techniques are evaluated; staircase modulation and phase-disposition pulse-width modulation (PD-PWM) under the conventional and the proposed algorithm. Using a circulating current controller in an MMC with 12 sub-modules per arm, PD-PWM yields better results compared to the staircase modulation technique. The test condition for this comparison is such that the power devices operate at a similar switching frequency and produce similar amplitudes to the capacitor voltage ripples in both modulation techniques. The results are verified through extensive simulations and experimentally using a phase-leg MMC laboratory prototype.
Identification of Persons at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Do We Need the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test? (2002)

Persons at high risk for diabetes mellitus are better identified by using a simple prediction model than by relying exclusively on the results of a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Although adding the 2-hour glucose variable to the model enhanced prediction, the resulting slight improvement entails greater cost and inconvenience.
A Faster Approximation of Forward Scattering by Gradient-index Particles (2007)

By means of geometrical optics we present an approximation algorithm with which to accelerate the computation of scattering intensity distribution within a forward angular range (0 - {60 - ) for gradient-index particles illuminated by acollimated ted incident beam. The incident angle of the re∞ected light is derived from the scattering angle to improve the approximation precision. This method proves efiective for transparent particles with size parameters larger than 75 but fails to give good approximation results at scattering angles at which refractive rays are absent. With the given index model, the geometrical optics approximation is efiective only for forward small angles, typically less than 10 - or so when the refractive index difierence of a particle is greater than a certain value. DOI: 10.2529/PIERS061023013549
Public Health Relevance of Graves' Orbitopathy (2012)

Productivity loss and a prolonged therapy for GO incur great indirect and direct costs.
Multi-resolution geometric fusion (2002)

Geometric fusion of multiple sets of overlapping surface measurements is an important problem for complete 3D object or environment modelling. Fusion based on a discrete implicit surface representation enables fast reconstruction for complex object modelling. However, surfaces are represented at a single resolution resulting in impractical storage costs for accurate reconstruction of large objects. This paper addresses accurate reconstruction of surface models independent of object size. An incremental algorithm is presented for implicit surface representation of an arbitrary triangulated mesh in a volumetric envelope around the surface. A hierarchical volumetric structure is introduced for efficient representation by local approximation of the surface within a fixed error bound using the maximum voxel size. Multi-resolution geometric fusion is achieved by incrementally constructing a hierarchical surface representation with bounded error. Results are presented for validation of the multi-resolution representation accuracy and reconstruction of real objects. Multi-resolution geometric fusion achieves a significant reduction in representation cost for the same level of geometric accuracy.
A 1&#x2013;1.5 GHz broadband tunable bandpass filter (2012)

This paper presents a broadband tunable bandpass filter based on varactor-loaded meandered combline topology. A new coupling path is introduced between the input and output multi-section stepped-impedance coupled lines such that the transmission zeros near the passband can be simultaneously controlled to achieve the desired stopband rejection. The measured performances show that a broad 40% tuning range from 1 GHz to 1.5 GHz was achieved. Across the whole tuning range, the insertion loss is 2.1-2.8 dB and the return loss is better than 15 dB and stopband rejection greater than 32 dB.
IFN-α inhibits HBV transcription and replication in cell culture and in humanized mice by targeting the epigenetic regulation of the nuclear cccDNA minichromosome (2012)

HBV infection remains a leading cause of death worldwide. IFN-α inhibits viral replication in vitro and in vivo, and pegylated IFN-α is a commonly administered treatment for individuals infected with HBV. The HBV genome contains a typical IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE), but the molecular mechanisms by which IFN-α suppresses HBV replication have not been established in relevant experimental systems. Here, we show that IFN-α inhibits HBV replication by decreasing the transcription of pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) and subgenomic RNA from the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome, both in cultured cells in which HBV is replicating and in mice whose livers have been repopulated with human hepatocytes and infected with HBV. Administration of IFN-α resulted in cccDNA-bound histone hypoacetylation as well as active recruitment to the cccDNA of transcriptional corepressors. IFN-α treatment also reduced binding of the STAT1 and STAT2 transcription factors to active cccDNA. The inhibitory activity of IFN-α was linked to the IRSE, as IRSE-mutant HBV transcribed less pgRNA and could not be repressed by IFN-α treatment. Our results identify a molecular mechanism whereby IFN-α mediates epigenetic repression of HBV cccDNA transcriptional activity, which may assist in the development of novel effective therapeutics.
Fringe scanning Ronchi test for aspherical surfaces (1984)

A method is proposed for measuring the wavefront aberration of a fast aspherical surface. The combination of the Ronchi test and the synchronous phase detection method provides a simple but powerful tool for aspherical surface evaluation. In a common setup for the Ronchi test, translating the Ronchi ruling sideways causes the irradiance of the Ronchigram to vary periodically with time. This enables us to make synchronous phase detection in the Ronchi test. The procedure for Ronchigram analysis is presented, and experimental results are shown.
Postprandial Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Complications (2005)

Increasing evidence suggests that the postprandial state is a contributing factor to the development of atherosclerosis. In diabetes, the postprandial phase is characterized by a rapid and large increase in blood glucose levels, and the possibility that the postprandial "hyperglycemic spikes" may be relevant to the onset of cardiovascular complications has recently received much attention. Epidemiological studies and preliminary intervention studies have shown that postprandial hyperglycemia is a direct and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most of the cardiovascular risk factors are modified in the postprandial phase in diabetic subjects and directly affected by an acute increase of glycemia. The mechanisms through which acute hyperglycemia exerts its effects may be identified in the production of free radicals. This alarmingly suggestive body of evidence for a harmful effect of postprandial hyperglycemia on diabetes complications has been sufficient to influence guidelines from key professional scientific societies. Correcting the postprandial hyperglycemia may form part of the strategy for the prevention and management of CVDs in diabetes.
Ferroelectricity and Tetragonality in Ultrathin<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">b</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">i</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Films (2005)

The evolution of tetragonality with thickness has been probed in epitaxial c-axis oriented PbTiO3 films with thicknesses ranging from 500 down to 24 A. High resolution x ray pointed out a systematic decrease of the c-axis lattice parameter with decreasing film thickness below 200 A. Using a first-principles model Hamiltonian approach, the decrease in tetragonality is related to a reduction of the polarization attributed to the presence of a residual unscreened depolarizing field. It is shown that films below 50 A display a significantly reduced polarization but still remain ferroelectric.
Characterization of the Deoxyguanosine–Lysine Cross-Link of Methylglyoxal (2014)

Methylglyoxal is a mutagenic bis-electrophile that is produced endogenously from carbohydrate precursors. Methylglyoxal has been reported to induce DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) in vitro and in cultured cells. Previous work suggests that these cross-links are formed between guanine and either lysine or cysteine side chains. However, the chemical nature of the methylglyoxal induced DPC have not been determined. We have examined the reaction of methylglyoxal, deoxyguanosine (dGuo), and Nα-acetyllysine (AcLys) and determined the structure of the cross-link to be the N2-ethyl-1-carboxamide with the lysine side chain amino group (1). The cross-link was identified by mass spectrometry and the structure confirmed by comparison to a synthetic sample. Further, the cross-link between methylglyoxal, dGuo, and a peptide (AcAVAGKAGAR) was also characterized. The mechanism of cross-link formation is likely to involve an Amadori rearrangement.
Die Konstitution der Ampholyte, besonders der Aminosäuren, und ihre Dissoziationskonstanten (1923)

Article Die Konstitution der Ampholyte, besonders der Aminosäuren, und ihre Dissoziationskonstanten was published on March 1, 1923 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 104U, issue 1).
On the specification of symmetric key management parameters for secure space missions (2012)

Although the vast majority of space communications are in-the-clear, security is an emerging trend in spacecraft missions. However, key management in space has received limited attention. This work provides an approach to symmetric key management with justification of parameters. Unlike previous approaches, quantitative analysis and models are proposed. Specifically, key hierarchy, key roles, key lengths and corresponding crypto periods are specified, based upon models of known attacks, and computing power. These results are crucial in order to support future secure space missions and cryptographic modules onboard spacecrafts.
150 years of the New York Academy of Medicine: a series of exhibitions. (1996)

As the New York Academy of Medicine celebrates its 150th year as a leader in the field of urban health, it is instructive to review the events and decisions that influenced and shaped it. Since its inception, the Academy has taken an active role in lobbying state and local governments to enact more-effective public health laws and in educating the public about improving health conditions. During 1996 and 1997, the Academy Library's Historical Collections is mounting a series of six exhibitions that are intended to tell the story of public health in New York as influenced by the New York Academy of Medicine. The story will be told using printed books, pamphlets, posters, photographs, and manuscripts drawn from the Library's collections, as well as the Academy's archives. Each exhibition will highlight the Academy's accomplishments in the subject areas presented. In this article, we summarize all six of the exhibitions and offer an in-depth look at the first two exhibitions.
Analysis of GDx-VCC Polarimetry Data by Wavelet-Fourier Analysis across Glaucoma Stages (2005)

Shape-based analysis, and WFA in particular, makes an important improvement in detecting earliest glaucoma with polarimetry.
New CML latch structure for high speed prescaler design (2004)

This paper emphasizes on the design and analysis of current mode logic latches and their application in a frequency prescaler. Operation of a conventional CML latch is analyzed and a clock feedback structure is proposed for increased stability with reduced delay parameters. A low power design technique is presented for current mode logic frequency prescalers, which allows the master and slave latches to be merged together so that they use a single current source. This significantly reduces the power consumption and area and also offers lower terminal capacitances resulting in faster circuit operation.
殖民社會的融合:對位法閱讀康拉德的《黑暗之心》 (2005)

Abstract
My thesis is a rereading of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness based on the dialectic model of contrapuntal reading proposed by Edward Said. In the process of contrapuntal reading, the reader is expected to deal with the canonical texts involved with colonial issues from the different perspectives of the colonizers and colonized. Accordingly, in my rereading of the novella, I shall proceed from the dominant perspective of the colonizer to its antithesis in the marginalized perspective of the resistant colonized figure, and finally to a synthesis that attempts to integrate their perspectives. My central argument is to demonstrate how Marlow’s dominant narrative of his colonial experience discloses the duplicity and inequity of European colonization in Central Africa (thesis) and how Marlow’s native helmsman displays his resistance to colonial rule and thus transforms the unequal power relations of colonialism (antithesis). Finally I shall concentrate on the racial integration and mutual recognition between the colonizers and colonized through their contesting yet intertwined experiences of colonialism (synthesis). 
On the whole, I want to convey two agendas in my thesis – human agency and interracial brotherhood. The affirmation of human agency to confront the adversity of external situations is displayed by the three figures in the novella – Marlow, the native helmsman, and Kurtz – with their development into mature humanity through the harrowing experiences of colonial enterprise. The prospects of brotherhood are realized by the integration between Marlow and his native crews and between Kurtz and his native disciples. The racial integration between the colonizers and colonized must be based on their mutual acceptance of racial and cultural differences and their recognition of the common humanity between Africans and Europeans. With their mutual recognition and reciprocal services, then it is possible to attain the status of racial harmony in the colonial society.
MicroRNA Detection: Current Technology and Research Strategies (2015)

The relatively new field of microRNA (miR) has experienced rapid growth in methodology associated with its detection and bioanalysis as well as with its role in -omics research, clinical diagnostics, and new therapeutic strategies. The breadth of this area of research and the seemingly exponential increase in number of publications on the subject can present scientists new to the field with a daunting amount of information to evaluate. This review aims to provide a collective overview of miR detection methods by relating conventional, established techniques [such as quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), microarray, and Northern blotting (NB)] and relatively recent advancements [such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), highly sensitive biosensors, and computational prediction of microRNA/targets] to common miR research strategies. This should guide interested readers toward a more focused study of miR research and the surrounding technology.
A liquid scintillation counter specifically designed for samples deposited on a flat matrix (1986)

A prototype liquid scintillation counter has been designed to count samples deposited as a 6*16 array on a flat matrix. Applications include the counting of labelled cells processed by a cell harvester from 96-well microtitration plates onto glass fibre filters and of DNA samples directly deposited onto nitrocellulose or nylon transfer membranes (e.g. 'Genescreen' NEN) for genetic studies by dot-blot hybridisation. The whole filter is placed in a bag with 4-12 ml of scintillant which is sufficient to count all 96 samples. Nearest-neighbor intersample cross talk ranged from 0.004% for 3H to 0.015% for 32P. The background was low: 1.4 counts/min for glass fibre and 0.7 counts/min for 'Genescreen' in the 3H channel, whilst for 14C the respective figures were 5.2 and 4.3 counts/min. The counting efficiency for 3H-labelled cells on glass fibre was 54% (E2/B-2053) and 26% for tritiated thymidine spotted on 'Genescreen' (E2/B=980). Similar 14C samples gave figures of 97% (E2/B=1775) and 81% (E2/B=1526) respectively. It was also found possible to count the electron emission from samples containing 125I and 51Cr. The saving in scintillant and vials is considerable and the small sample size reduces the volume of radioactive waste by more than 95%.
Traffic management of high-speed CDMA systems based on load prediction (2009)

The cdma2000 1xEV-DO system has a probabilistic rate control on the reverse link, but a simple up/down command from the base station may make the reverse link unstable. In this paper, we propose and analyze an enhanced rate control that minimizes the traffic overload on the reverse link by predicting the noise rise and defining a new command for stable operation. It is shown that the proposed rate control has a much higher revere-link throughput than the conventional schemes.
Synthesis of peptide chloromethyl ketones and examination of their inhibitory effects on human spleen fibrinolytic proteinase(SFP) and human leukocyte elastase(LE). (1987)

Various substrate-derived chloromethyl ketones were synthesized by a conventional method for the purpose of obtaining specific and potent irreversible inhibitors for human spleen fibrinolytic proteinase (SFP) and human leukocyte elastase (LE) in order to compare the properties of SFP with those of LE. It was found that Boc-Ala-Tyr-Leu-Val-CH2Cl among the peptide chloromethyl ketones exhibited the most effective and specific inhibition of SFP and LE. The two enzymes were inhibited by peptide chloromethyl ketones having a Val residue at the C-terminus in a similar manner, demonstrating a similarity between SFP and LE.
Stress-Related Methylation of the Catechol- <i>O</i> -Methyltransferase Val <sup>158</sup> Allele Predicts Human Prefrontal Cognition and Activity (2011)

DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is associated with gene silencing, stress, and memory. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(158) allele in rs4680 is associated with differential enzyme activity, stress responsivity, and prefrontal activity during working memory (WM), and it creates a CpG dinucleotide. We report that methylation of the Val(158) allele measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of Val/Val humans is associated negatively with lifetime stress and positively with WM performance; it interacts with stress to modulate prefrontal activity during WM, such that greater stress and lower methylation are related to reduced cortical efficiency; and it is inversely related to mRNA expression and protein levels, potentially explaining the in vivo effects. Finally, methylation of COMT in prefrontal cortex and that in PBMCs of rats are correlated. The relationship of methylation of the COMT Val(158) allele with stress, gene expression, WM performance, and related brain activity suggests that stress-related methylation is associated with silencing of the gene, which partially compensates the physiological role of the high-activity Val allele in prefrontal cognition and activity. Moreover, these results demonstrate how stress-related DNA methylation of specific functional alleles impacts directly on human brain physiology beyond sequence variation.
Method for mapping interconnections between load balanced applications and clustered databases in a complex server environment (2008)

A coherent software environment simplifies maintenance - and using the same terminology facilitates communication and learning within the IT department. Having a mixed and complex software environment could put strain on the IT department. Applications and databases needs to be somehow cataloged in case of system failure. While mapping applications to databases using a unified terminology might seem to be a good idea from the start, but when it comes to generating a data model of interconnections based on terminology - confusion will arise. This confusion could lead to misinterpretations, which in turn could lead to incidents.
Application of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) to Counter Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2002)

Abstract Dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated using chemically polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on a conductive glass as a counter electrode showed comparable conversion efficiency with a cell using platinum sputtered counter electrode.