gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The MPP Apprentice™ Performance Tool: Delivering the Performance of the Cray T3D® (1994)

The MPP Apprentice™ performance tool is designed to help users tune the performance of their Cray T3D, applications. By presenting performance information from the perspective of the user’s original source code, the MPP Apprentice tool helps users rapidly identify the location and cause of the most significant performance problems. Unlike many trace-based performance tools, the data collection mechanism permits fine-grained performance statistics to be collected with a low level of intrusion for work sharing, data parallel, and message passing codes. The low level of intrusion also permits the mechanism to scale to permit performance analysis on long running codes on thousands of processors. Information displayed within the tool includes total time through regions of code, instruction counts, time spent in overheads related to shared memory, time spent in message passing routines, calling tree information, and performance measures. We will demonstrate the benefits of the data collection mechanism of the MPP Apprentice tool and how it guides the user’s identification of performance problems using application examples from benchmarks and industry.
Aldose Reductase, Protein Glycation Inhibitory and Antioxidant of Peruvian Medicinal Plants: The Case of Tanacetum parthenium L. and Its Constituents (2019)

Diabetes complications, including peripheral neuropathy, cataracts, impaired wound healing, vascular damage, arterial wall stiffening and retinopathy diseases, are among the most predominant health problems facing the world's population today. The 22 Peruvian plant extracts were screened for their potential inhibitory activity against rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and DPPH radical scavenging. Among them, we have found that <i>Tanacetum parthenium</i> L. (TP) has the RLAR, AGEs and DPPH radical scavenging activities. We used for screening of active components in TP against RLAR and DPPH for the first time by ultrafiltration (UF) and DPPH. Compounds in TP were isolated by Sephadex column chromatography and their structures were established by MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Among the isolated compounds, ferulic acid, apigenin, luteolin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside, luteolin, chrysosplenol, and kaempferol showed potent inhibition with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.11-3.20 and 6.44-16.23 μM for RLAR and DPPH radical scavenging. Furthermore, these compounds suppressed sorbitol accumulation in rat lenses and ferulic acid, luteolin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside, and luteolin have AGEs inhibitory activities with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 3.43-6.73 μM. In summary, our study provides interesting plants for further study with respect to the treatment and prevention of diabetic complication of Peruvian plant and can provide the scientific base of the traditional uses.
Electrical Control of the Exchange Spring in Antiferromagnetic Metals (2015)

Electrical control of the exchange spring in antiferromagnetic metals is obtained in [Co/Pt]/IrMn Hall devices by using an ionic liquid, where the exchange spring could transfer the "force" and enable a deeper modulation depth in the IrMn. This work provides a new approach toward electrical modulation of the spin structures in metallic antiferromagnets, which should be significant in advancing the development of low-power-consumption antiferromagnet (AFM) spintronics.
An interactive MPEG-1 browsing system (1996)

A personal computer (PC) based interactive MPEG-1 browsing system is proposed. The users can get the general information of MPEG video bitstreams, such as the encoding structure and the header parameters of each encoding layer via this browsing system. The users can also get the detailed information of each decoding step. With the aid of the proposed browsing system, users will have the ability to analyze any MPEG-1 bitstream easily. In addition, this system also provides the capability to encode MPEG-1 video bitstreams and to adjust the encoding parameters interactively when the quality of the encoded video is not good enough. The browsing system can also be a useful tool during the development stage of an MPEG encoding or decoding system.
NOTES: Editing of Pre-mRNAs Can Occur before <i>cis-</i> and <i>trans</i>-Splicing in <i>Petunia</i> Mitochondria (1991)

Plant mitochondrial mRNAs have recently been shown to undergo editing, involving cytidine-to-uridine changes relative to the DNA sequence. We have examined the temporal relationship of editing and intron removal in coxII mRNAs in Petunia mitochondria. By using differential hybridization to probes specific for edited and unedited RNA and by sequencing of individual unspliced coxII pre-mRNA cDNAs, we found that RNA editing at any editing site can precede the splicing event. Similar results were obtained from examinations of pre-mRNA cDNAs of nad1, a gene composed of multiple exons that are both cis and trans spliced. Thus, intron removal is not required before editing can occur. The existence of editing intermediates indicates that the editing process is not strictly coincident with transcription.
Real-time scene change detection on compressed multimedia bitstream based on statistical sequential analysis (2002)

In this paper, a novel one-pass, real-time approach to video scene change detection based on statistical sequential analysis and operating on a compressed multimedia bitstream is proposed. Scene change detection is crucial in that it enables subsequent processing operations on video shots, such as video indexing, semantic representation, or tracking of selected video information. Since video sequences contain both abrupt and gradual scene changes, video segmentation algorithms must be able to detect a large variety of changes. Our approach models video sequences as stochastic processes, with scene changes being reflected by changes in the characteristics (parameters) of the process. We use statistical sequential analysis to provide a unified framework for robust and effective detection of both abrupt and gradual scene changes.
Microstructure and Creep Properties of Die‐cast Mg‐Al‐base Alloys AZ91and AS21 (2000)

The creep resistance of the Mg-Al-base alloys AZ91 and AS21 in the die-cast state was investigated at temperatures up to 150 °C in compression, free from influences of concurrent fracture. AS21 has higher resistance to creep than AZ91 for low stresses < ≈100 MPa. Microstructural investigations including TEM suggest that this difference results from a difference in precipitation hardening.
Genetic Polymorphisms in LDLR, APOB, PCSK9 and Other Lipid Related Genes Associated with Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Malaysia (2013)

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by elevations in total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc). Development of FH can result in the increase of risk for premature cardiovascular diseases (CVD). FH is primarily caused by genetic variations in Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), Apolipoprotein B (APOB) or Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genes. Although FH has been extensively studied in the Caucasian population, there are limited reports of FH mutations in the Asian population. We investigated the association of previously reported genetic variants that are involved in lipid regulation in our study cohort. A total of 1536 polymorphisms previously implicated in FH were evaluated in 141 consecutive patients with clinical FH (defined by the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria) and 111 unrelated control subjects without FH using high throughput microarray genotyping platform. Fourteen Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to be significantly associated with FH, eleven with increased FH risk and three with decreased FH risk. Of the eleven SNPs associated with an increased risk of FH, only one SNP was found in the LDLR gene, seven in the APOB gene and three in the PCSK9 gene. SNP rs12720762 in APOB gene is associated with the highest risk of FH (odds ratio 14.78, p<0.001). Amongst the FH cases, 108 out of 141 (76.60%) have had at least one significant risk-associated SNP. Our study adds new information and knowledge on the genetic polymorphisms amongst Asians with FH, which may serve as potential markers in risk prediction and disease management.
The Cooling of Methane with Vortex Tubes (1971)

Measurements have been made of the amounts of cold and heat produced by a vortex tube operated with methane containing some carbon dioxide, and with Algerian natural gas, which has a high methane content. The effects of gas supply temperature and pressure have been investigated. The contribution of the Joule–Thomson effect to the total cooling has been calculated and allowed for. Vortex effect cooling decreases with lowering of the supply temperature and probably disappears at the gas liquefaction point. It is dependent on the pressure expansion ratio across the tube. The findings are compared with those of other workers and those predicted by vortex tube theories.
Prevention of refractoriness and HLA-alloimmunization using filtered blood products (1988)

Depletion of leukocytes from all blood products may decrease the incidence of alloimmunization to HLA antigens present on the white cells and thus delay the onset of refractoriness to random donor platelet support. In order to test this hypothesis, 54 patients with hematologic malignancy or marrow aplasia were entered on a prospective randomized trial using cotton-wool filtration as a method of leukocyte depletion of red cell and platelet concentrates. Forty patients were considered evaluable; 20 patients received filtered products and 20 patients in the control group received standard unfiltered products. The filter was 99% efficient in removal of leukocytes (average number of WBC/platelet product, 6 X 10(6)). Platelet loss by this technique was 8%. Alloimmunization was assessed by detection of de novo formed lymphocytotoxic and platelet specific antibodies by microcytotoxicity test, Staph A protein radioimmunoassay, and solid phase red cell adherence test. In the group receiving filtered products, three of 20 (15%) patients developed lymphocytotoxic antibodies while ten of 20 (50%) patients in the control group developed cytotoxic antibodies (P = .01 by actuarial methods). Platelet antibodies were detected in seven of ten alloimmunized patients in the control group and three of three patients in the study group. Clinical evidence of refractoriness was seen in three of 20 patients in the filtered group and ten of 20 in the control group (P = .01 by actuarial methods). The cost of filtration was a fraction of the cost of a plateletpheresis product. Filtration appears to be an effective and economical method for reducing alloimmunization and clinical refractoriness to random donor platelets in patient receiving long-term transfusion support.
Modeling Fluid Flow in Complex Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (1998)

Abstract We use a new numerical code to calculate single phase fluid flow in naturally fractured reservoirs. Our code is unique in that it can handle both complex fracture patterns and the coupling of the matrix and fracture flow fields. Our results show that details of the fracture statistics can become less important as the matrix becomes more permeable. We also find that the coupling of the matrix and fracture flow fields is very strong. We demonstrate the application of our code to develop grid block permeability values for use in continuum reservoir simulators. Mapping subsurface fracture distributions for use in our code is a key challenge. We briefly present the results of a new methodology that uses physical models and geostatistical techniques to generate such data.
Effects of crosslinking, prestrain, and dielectric filler on the electromechanical response of a new silicone and comparison with acrylic elastomer (2004)

Silicone and acrylic elastomers have received increased attention as dielectric electroactive polymer (EAP) materials for actuator technology. The goal of this work was to develop and characterize a new class of silicones (DC3481) and to compare it with acrylic elastomers. The influence of various types of hardeners, hardener concentration, prestrain and high dielectric organic fillers was studied by mechanical, electrical and electromechanical experiments. Furthermore the temperature dependence and the viscoelastic properties were investigated. The results show that by changing type and concentration of hardener, the Young's modulus can be varied. In order to increase the dielectric constant, the silicone was blended with organic materials. Compared to acrylic elastomers, this new class of silicone elastomers has the advantage of a constant stiffness over a wide range of temperature and a lower viscosity that results in a higher response speed of the actuator.
Image Segmentation Techniques: A Survey (2014)

Image segmentation is a mechanism used to divide an image into multiple segments. It will make image smooth and easy to evaluate. Segmentation process also helps to find region of interest in a particular image. The main goal is to make image more simple and meaningful. Existing segmentation techniques can't satisfy all type of images. This survey addressed various image segmentation techniques, evaluates them and presents the issues related to those techniques. 
Downwash for joined-wing airframe with control surface deflections (1992)

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the downwash effects for a joined-wing aircraft was conducted. The investigation included the development of an analytical technique using control surface deflections of both the fore and aft wings instead of the usual tail deflection classical approach. Modifications to the basic equations are presented followed by a comparison with experimental data to validate the procedure. The results indicate differences between experiment and the resulting semiempirical method of less than 12%.
Van Cittert–Zernike Theorem, Spatial Coherence, and Scattering (2017)

This chapter is concerned with the van Cittert–Zernike theorem, including an examination of the assumptions involved in its derivation, Van Cittert–Zernike theorem derivation the requirement of spatial incoherence of a source, and the interferometer response to a coherent source. Some optical terminology is used, for example, mutual coherence, Mutual coherence function Coherence mutual which includes complex visibility. There is also a brief discussion of some aspects of scattering by irregularities in the propagation medium. Much of the development of the theory of coherence and similar concepts of electromagnetic radiation is to be found in the literature of optics. The terminology is sometimes different from that which has evolved in radio interferometry, but many of the physical situations are similar or identical. However, in spite of the similarity, the literature shows that in the early development of radio astronomy, the optical experience was hardly ever mentioned, an exception being the reference by Bracewell (1958) to Zernike (1938) for the concept of the complex degree of coherence. The van Cittert–Zernike theorem contains a simple formalism that includes the basic principles of correlation in electromagnetic fields.
Throughput performance analysis and experimental evaluation of IEEE 802.11b radio link (2007)

In this paper, parameters such as basic data rate, packet size as well as MAC scheme that restrict saturation throughput were studied in details. An analytical model has been developed based on theoretical analysis and experimental study to predict the throughput performance in IEEE 802.11b WLANs. Impact of mobility on the throughput performance was also evaluated for any deployment of WLAN. Subsequently, the throughput performance analytical model was modified to predict throughput performance in any physical environment taking into account the effect of channel conditions. Measurements were conducted in parallel to verify the analysis and modifications were made to the theoretical model for realistic scenario.
LOCAL PRODUCTION OF ANTI-CD4 ANTIBODY BY TRANSGENIC ALLOGENEIC GRAFTS AFFORDS PARTIAL PROTECTION1 (2000)

Transgenic grafts that secrete anti-CD4 antibody can afford some protection against graft rejection, while only affecting the CD4 population at the graft site.
A Strategy for Self-Organized Coordinated Motion of a Swarm of Minimalist Robots (2017)

Minimalist robots are functionally highly restricted but well suited for swarm robotic applications because of their low costs and small sizes. Connectivity maintenance and collision avoidance are challenging in minimalist swarm robotic systems due to a short communication range and the lack of positional and directional sensing. In this paper, we introduce a self-organizing control strategy for collective flocking of a swarm of minimalist robots with an aim to improve swarm connectivity and to reduce the chance of collision between robots. Based on the relative positional information built up via collaborations, each robot determines a collision-free operational polygon. This scheduling scheme coordinates the motion of the robots by dividing them into one group of immobile and one group of mobile robots, such that each mobile robot is surrounded by immobile robots serving as beacons. In addition, we introduce a cohesive force into motion planning, which has been shown to play an important role in maintaining a swarm during flocking. A new quantitative metric is introduced for measuring the connectivity of a swarm of agents with local communications, thereby, evaluating the performance of the proposed control scheme. We run extensive simulations using simulated Kilobots to examine the influence of different sources of noise and the size of swarms on the connectivity in the swarm and the speed of flocking. Finally, we implement the proposed algorithm on a swarm of real Kilobots to compare the flocking performance with and without the proposed control strategy for coordinated and collective motion.
Benchmarking a virtualization platform (2014)

Traditional benchmarking of new architectures often involves running a workload on a single system with a single OS. In such a setup, the objective is typically to stress a single resource (e.g., CPU) and produce a single number used to characterize the performance of the system. Newer benchmarks have extended this paradigm by testing the performance of distributed systems like Hadoop clusters or cloud-style workloads such as big data analytics. These benchmarks are invaluable for evaluating physical systems, but have numerous drawbacks and gaps when used to evaluate virtualized systems. A virtualized system must be evaluated in an end-to-end way beyond what is done for physical systems, with measurements and workloads for the hypervisor platform, the application, and the management layer that supports virtualization-related services like live migration or rapid VM provisioning. In this paper, we describe an end-to-end approach to evaluating virtualization platforms. We begin with a discussion of traditional virtualization benchmarking, involving comparing performance on real systems vs. performance on virtualized systems. We next describe three benchmarks that we have developed specifically for virtualized environments. We discuss a system-level benchmark, VMmark, which incorporates workloads that simultaneously stress a number of different resources (CPU, memory, and IO). We then outline two additional benchmark suites designed for measuring virtualization management performance and application performance: VCBench and ViewPlanner. For each workload, we describe how it was developed, what it tests, and the key insights it has provided in terms of optimizing virtualized platforms. We conclude with a discussion of next-generation virtualization benchmarks.
Aminoacids in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Systems: The Synthesis of Triazinoquinazolinones, Triazepinoquinazolinones and Triazocinoquinazolinones of Potential Biological Interest (2001)

A number of novel triazinoquinazolinones (5b,c and 8), triazepinoquinazolinones(5a, 6b, 7 and 9) and triazocinoquinazolinones (6a and 10) were obtained via nucleophilic interaction of 3-aminoquinazolinone derivatives 3 with different reagents.
Total Synthesis of Proanthocyanidin A1, A2, and Their Stereoisomers (2015)

The first novel stereoselective synthesis of naturally occurring A1 (1) and A2 proanthocyanidins (2) has been achieved. The key synthetic steps involved (a) the formation of a coupled product (13 or 14) between an open chain C-ring C-4 hydroxyethoxy analogue of either (+)-catechin or (-)-epicatechin with 5,7,3',3'-tetra-O-benzyl-(+)-catechin/-(-)-epicatechin in the presence of bentonite clay K-10, (b) removal of benzyl protecting groups under mild catalytic hydrogenation conditions to form the desired A-type compound in situ as a mixture of diastereomers via ketal/oxonium ion/carbonium ion formation, and (c) separation of the diasteromers via silica gel column chromatography. The structures of A1 and A2 proanthocyanidins were unequivocally established by analytical comparison to the natural products. Following this methodology, an additional six diastereomers of proanthocyanidins A1 and A2 have been synthesized. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the A-type linkage in proanthocyanidins has been proposed.
Fast algorithms for routing around faults in multibutterflies and randomly-wired splitter networks (1992)

Simple deterministic O(log N)-step algorithms for routing permutations of packets in multibutterflies and randomly wired splitter networks are described. The algorithms are robust against faults (even in the worst case), and are efficient from a practical point of view. As a consequence, it is found that the multibutterfly is an excellent candidate for a high-bandwidth low-diameter switching network underlying a shared-memory machine.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Resistance to Inhibition by .alpha.-1-Anti-Trypsin and Species Specificity of a Chimeric Human/Bovine Protein C (1994)

Human activated protein C (APC) has been shown to be physiologically susceptible to inhibition by the abundant serpin inhibitor alpha-1-anti-trypsin (AAT). Studies on the inactivation by AAT [Heeb, M. J., & Griffin, J. H. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 11613-11616] have shown that the calculated rate of this inactivation matches that of the observed half-life of APC in vivo [Wydro, R., Oppenheimer, C., Rodger, R., & Miemi, S. (1988) Clin. Res. 36, 329A] and complex formation therefore probably represents a physiologic regulation process for APC. In this study we observed that bovine APC, in contrast to human APC, is nearly completely resistant to inactivation by human AAT. An additional difference between human and bovine APC is that human APC is a potent anticoagulant in human plasma, whereas bovine APC is only minimally active in human plasma. These functional differences exist despite considerable structural similarity between the human and bovine molecules. In order to identify specific molecular regions responsible for function, a chimeric molecule consisting of the light chain of human protein C (PC) and the heavy chain of bovine PC was constructed, expressed, and characterized. The activated chimeric PC is similar to human APC in having potent anticoagulant activity in human plasma, but displays nearly identical resistance to AAT inhibition with the bovine molecule. The similarity between the chimeric and bovine molecules in resistance to AAT inhibition indicates that the structural determinants for inhibitor interactions reside within the heavy chain (serine protease) domain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)