gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fast and efficient strategy for submesh allocation in mesh-connected parallel computers (2002)

A new approach for dynamic submesh allocation in mesh-connected multiprocessor system, which supports a multi-user environment, is proposed. The proposed strategy effectively prunes the search space by searching for free submeshes on the corners of allocated submeshes along with the corners of the mesh system. A submesh is selected with the potential of causing the least amount of fragmentation in the system. The proposed strategy possesses complete submesh recognition capability; it is a best-fit strategy, as well. Existing strategies do not provide this combination of capabilities. The deallocation time and memory overhead is shown to be constant in that it does not grow with the size of the mesh. Simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy outperforms the existing ones in terms of parameters such as average delay in honoring a request, standard deviation of the delays, average allocation time, average deallocation time, and the amount of memory required.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Designing Libraries of First Generation AB<sub>3</sub> and AB<sub>2</sub> Self-Assembling Dendrons via the Primary Structure Generated from Combinations of (AB)<i><sub>y</sub></i>−AB<sub>3</sub> and (AB)<i><sub>y</sub></i>−AB<sub>2</sub> Building Blocks (2004)

Structural analysis of three libraries of up to five generations of self-assembling dendrons based on AB(3), AB(2), and combinations of AB(3) with AB(2) building blocks (Percec et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 1302) facilitated the discovery of several nanoscale lattices previously unknown for organic compounds (3-D Pm3n cubic, 3-D P4(2)/mnm tetragonal, and a crystallographically forbidden 12-fold symmetry liquid quasicrystal) and provided fundamental correlations between the molecular structure of the dendron and the shape and the diameter of the supramolecular dendrimers which, in these experiments, were limited to less than 75 A. That study concluded that alternative design principles should be elaborated for the assembly of supramolecular dendrimers of larger dimensions. Here we report design principles, synthesis and analysis of first and higher generations AB(3) and AB(2) self-assembling dendrons, based on various primary structures, and combinations of (AB)(y)-AB(3) and (AB)(y)-AB(2) (i.e., from nondendritic AB where y = 1 to 11 and dendritic AB(3) and AB(2)) building blocks that produced the largest structural (including six new lattices) and dimensional (100 to 217 A diameter) diversity of supramolecular dendrimers.
The influence of the scene parameters and of noise on the behaviour of automatic focusing algorithms (1988)

ABSTRACT A systematic study is presented of the properties of autofocus criteria. Special importance is attributed to their behaviour with respect to noise, working range and image sharpness, whose reproducibility has been investigated. It can be demonstrated that autofocus algorithms have either a large working range and do not focus in an unambiguous way or vice versa. From considerations of the properties of autofocus algorithms two novel algorithms have been developed which are insensitive to noise. One of these algorithms is characterized by a particularly large working range, whereas the other is capable of achieving maximum sharpness in a reproducible manner.
Coherence Resonance in a Noise-Driven Excitable System (1997)

We study the dynamics of the excitable Fitz Hugh--Nagumo system under external noisy driving. Noise activates the system producing a sequence of pulses. The coherence of these noise-induced oscillations is shown to be maximal for a certain noise amplitude. This new effect of coherence resonance is explained by different noise dependencies of the activation and the excursion times. A simple one-dimensional model based on the Langevin dynamics is proposed for the quantitative description of this phenomenon.
Improved Image Recovery From Compressed Data Contaminated With Impulsive Noise (2011)

Compressed sensing (CS) is a new information sampling theory for acquiring sparse or compressible data with much fewer measurements than those otherwise required by the Nyquist/Shannon counterpart. This is particularly important for some imaging applications such as magnetic resonance imaging or in astronomy. However, in the existing CS formulation, the use of the l(2) norm on the residuals is not particularly efficient when the noise is impulsive. This could lead to an increase in the upper bound of the recovery error. To address this problem, we consider a robust formulation for CS to suppress outliers in the residuals. We propose an iterative algorithm for solving the robust CS problem that exploits the power of existing CS solvers. We also show that the upper bound on the recovery error in the case of non-Gaussian noise is reduced and then demonstrate the efficacy of the method through numerical studies.
Hepatic mitochondrial membranolysis repairing by spermidine. (1989)

Hepatic mitochondrial membrane lysis is caused due to excess vitamin A, has been repaired by spermidine. This fact has been proved by estimating membrane proteins, lipids, phospholipase A2 activity and membrane phospholipids of rat liver mitochondria by studying the effect of spermidine on membranolytic effect of excess vitamin A. Spermidine has been found to inhibit the activity of phospholipase A2 and thus stabilize the hepatic mitochondrial membranes in the hypervitaminoic A model, that is to say, the spermidine tries to bring down the enormously elevated levels of phospholipase A2 by administration of excess vitamin A in rats.
Virtual hashing: a dynamically changing hashing (1978)

We propose a new type of hashing which we call virtual hashing. In contrast to any known hashing, a virtual hashing may modify its hashing function. Such changes may be performed when collisions arise. A virtual hashing may then find in one disk access, a record such that several accesses would be needed if the function initially chosen for the file was used. We define virtual hashings which practically independently of the number of such records find in one disk access almost each record of the file.
Ultradeep fused silica glass etching with an HF-resistant photosensitive resist for optical imaging applications (2012)

Microfluidic and optical sensing platforms are commonly fabricated in glass and fused silica (quartz) because of their optical transparency and chemical inertness. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions are the etching media of choice for deep etching into silicon dioxide substrates, but processing schemes become complicated and expensive for etching times greater than 1 h due to the aggressiveness of HF migration through most masking materials. We present here etching into fused silica more than 600 µm deep while keeping the substrate free of pits and maintaining a polished etched surface suitable for biological imaging. We utilize an HF-resistant photosensitive resist (HFPR) which is not attacked in 49% HF solution. Etching characteristics are compared for substrates masked with the HFPR alone and the HFPR patterned on top of Cr/Au and polysilicon masks. We used this etching process to fabricate suspended fused silica membranes, 8–16 µm thick, and show that imaging through the membranes does not negatively affect image quality of fluorescence microscopy of biological tissue. Finally, we realize small through-pore arrays in the suspended membranes. Such devices will have applications in planar electrophysiology platforms, especially where optical imaging is required.
Three color infrared detector using InAs/GaSb superlattices with unipolar barriers (2011)

We report on a three color heterojunction band gap engineered type-II InAs/GaSb strained-layer superlattice photodiode for short-wave infrared (SWIR), mid-wave infrared (MWIR), and long-wave infrared (LWIR) detection. The reported structure is a three contact device with nBn architecture for SWIR and MWIR and heterojunction PIbN architecture for LWIR detection. At 77 K, the cutoff wavelength for SWIR, MWIR, and LWIR regions are 3.0 μm, 4.7 μm, and 10.1 μm, respectively. The reported architecture can be used for simultaneous detection in the LWIR/MWIR and LWIR/SWIR bands as well as sequential detection in the MWIR/SWIR bands by switching the polarity of the applied bias.
Using T Cells to Treat B-Cell Cancers (1994)

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous herpesvirus estimated to infect 90 percent of the world's population,1 has been linked to a growing number of diseases, especially in immunocompromised hosts. The first ties between neoplastic disease and EBV were discovered in Burkitt's lymphoma2 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The virus has also been found in immunoblastic lymphomas in allograft recipients and persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),3 and in the oral hairy leukoplakia of AIDS. Recently, the EBV genome has been detected in Reed-Sternberg cells in some cases of Hodgkin's disease4 and in KI-1+ lymphoma, various T-cell lymphomas, thymic carcinoma, and . . .
Adaptive co-channel interference suppression in mobile communications satellite systems (2002)

A new adaptive approach is proposed for co-channel interference cancellation in the uplink of the future mobile communications satellite systems employing multiple co-channel beams. The approach requires no reference signals and is applicable to both phased array and multiple beam antennas. A modular cascade structure is also developed for its implementations. Its performance is demonstrated by computer simulations.
FLASH in Cells (1998)

Abstract The ability to attach fluorescent molecules onto proteins has allowed specific localization of these proteins within living cells. The traditional approach has been to purify the protein of interest then attach a fluorescent (or another useful tag) molecule in vitro, then somehow introduce the labeled protein into the cell. Whereas this and related techniques have been very useful, there are limitations because each of these three steps is often difficult. Wouldn't it be great if we had a “lock and key” system whereby a protein of interest could be modified to be a specific “lock” and a small tsggable molecule (the “key“) could diffuse into the cell and plug specifically into the lock? Albert Griffin, Stephen Adams, and Roger Tsien have developed such a system
Synthesis and reduction of some 1<i>H</i>‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazin‐4(3<i>H</i>) one 2,2‐dioxides (1978)

Abstract Several 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazin‐4(3 H ) one 2,2‐dioxides were synthesized as possible sweetening agents by reacting sulfamoyl chloride with various anthranilic acid derivatives. The isolation of 1‐methyl‐4‐methoxy‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazine 2,2‐dioxide and preparation of 3,4‐dihydro‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazine 2,2‐dioxide is also reported.
Effects of modified silica on morphology, mechanical property, and thermostability of injection-molded polycarbonate/silica nanocomposites (2014)

Nanocomposites of polycarbonate filled with untreated and modified silica nanoparticles were melt mixed and injection molded with a low melt temperature. The effects of modified silica and low-temperature melting on the morphology, mechanical property, and thermostability of composites were investigated. Scanning electron microscope images showed that uniform dispersion of agglomerates was formed by low-temperature melt blending. A slight reinforcing and toughening effect on tensile behavior of composites was obtained, and the modification of nanoparticles made the effect more remarkable. The storage modulus of composites measured by dynamic mechanical analysis increased observably as a function of silica content, especially for the composites with modified silica, but the T g value changed little. Thermogravimetric analysis presented that thermostability improved dramatically after adding silica nanoparticles. In addition, the incorporation of modified silica into matrix showed a more significant improvement in thermostability at low loading.
Enhanced In Vivo Absorption of Itraconazole via Stabilization of Supersaturation Following Acidic-to-Neutral pH Transition (2008)

Previous attempts to improve the dissolution and absorption properties of itraconazole (ITZ) through advanced formulation design have focused only on release in acidic media; however, recent reports indicate that absorption occurs primarily in the proximal small intestine. This suggests that enhancing supersaturation of ITZ in neutral aqueous environments is essential for improving absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate different polymeric stabilizers with either immediate release (IR) (Methocel E5, Methocel E50, Kollidon 12, and Kollidon 90) or enteric release (EUDRAGIT L 100-55, HP-55, and HP-55S) properties to determine the chemical and physical attributes of the polymeric stabilizers that promote supersaturation of ITZ in neutral media. Each amorphous composition was produced by hot-melt extrusion and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. Dissolution testing by a supersaturated acidic-to-neutral pH change method was conducted on each composition. Testing of IR compositions revealed that Methocel was a superior stabilizer compared with Kollidon owing to stronger intermolecular interaction with ITZ molecules in solution. Increasing the molecular weight of polymers was found to promote ITZ supersaturation and was most likely attributable to increased solution viscosity resulting in retention of ITZ molecules in an enthalpically favored association with the polymer for extended durations. Of the enteric polymeric stabilizers, EUDRAGIT L 100-55 was found to be superior to both HP-55 grades because of its greater permeability to acid that allowed for improved hydration of ITZ in the acid phase as well as a greater number of free hydroxyl groups on the polymer backbone that presumably helped to stabilize ITZ in solution. The Methoceltrade mark E50 and EUDRAGIT L 100-55 formulations were evaluated for in vivo drug absorption in male Sprague-Dawley rats and were found to produce a threefold greater ITZ absorption over our previously reported IR formulations. The results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that supersaturation of ITZ following an acidic-to-neutral pH transition in vitro correlates directly to in vivo absorption.
Evans Blue Permeation of Intestinal Mucosa in the Rat (1994)

The azo dye Evans blue (EB; molecular weight, 960.83) is widely used as an indicator of increased capillary permeability. In the present study, however, rat gut absorption of EB was investigated after dye instillation in either the small or large intestine. During a brief period of ether anaesthesia, EB was injected either into jejunal loops with a challenge period of 30 or 60 min or into a proximal and a distal colon loop with a challenge period of 30, 60, or 120 min. After the rats had been killed the intestinal specimens were washed with 6 mM acetylcysteine dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline, which efficiently cleared the tissues of mucus, and thus of EB trapped in mucus. Only EB absorbed by the gut wall remained to be estimated, and this absorption was found to be both dose- and time-dependent in the jejunum and the colon. After instillation in the colon, but not in jejunum, EB could be detected in the blood. EB absorption from the jejunum remained unaffected by the addition of either ouabain (1 mM) or lidocaine (0.38 mM). Either of these compounds inhibited EB uptake in the proximal part of the colon, while enhancing it in the distal part. Fluorescence microscopy showed penetration into the intestinal wall to be a prerequisite for EB to become fluorescent, and EB fluorescence increased with time. It is proposed that EB is transported over the mucosa by the paracellular route and that the amount of absorbed EB reflects epithelial permeability differently in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optimising the synthesis, polymer membrane encapsulation and photoreduction performance of Ru(ii)- and Ir(iii)-bis(terpyridine) cytochrome c bioconjugates (2013)

Ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) bis(terpyridine) complexes were prepared with maleimide functionalities in order to site-specifically modify yeast iso-1 cytochrome c possessing a single cysteine residue available for modification (CYS102). Single X-ray crystal structures were solved for aniline and maleimide Ru(II) 3 and Ru(II) 4, respectively, providing detailed structural detail of the complexes. Light-activated bioconjugates prepared from Ru(II) 4 in the presence of tris(2-carboxyethyl)-phosphine (TCEP) significantly improved yields from 6% to 27%. Photoinduced electron transfer studies of Ru(II)-cyt c in bulk solution and polymer membrane encapsulated specimens were performed using EDTA as a sacrificial electron donor. It was found that membrane encapsulation of Ru(II)-cyt c in PS140-b-PAA48 resulted in a quantum efficiency of 1.1 ± 0.3 × 10(-3), which was a two-fold increase relative to the bulk. Moreover, Ir(III)-cyt c bioconjugates showed a quantum efficiency of 3.8 ± 1.9 × 10(-1), equivalent to a ∼640-fold increase relative to bulk Ru(II)-cyt c.
Antithrombogenic heparinized polyacrylonitrile copolymer (1986)

A new antithrombogenic polymer was synthesized by the photograft-copolymerization of methoxypolyethyleneglycol methacrylate and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate to polyacrylonitrile containing bromine atoms, and by quaternizing and heparinizing the graft-copolymer. Hydrophilicity and heparin content of the polymer could be controlled by changing the feed ratio of the acrylates to be grafted. The heparinized polymer showed excellent mechanical and antithrombogenic properties.
L'accusé a toujours le dernier mot (2012)

Deux arrets rendus l'un par la Cour europeenne des droits de l'homme et l'autre par la Cour de justice de l'Union europeenne, ont precise les rapports entre les procedures administratives de repression…
Using vision, acoustics, and natural language for disambiguation (2007)

Creating a human-robot interface is a daunting experience. Capabilities and functionalities of the interface are dependent on the robustness of many different sensor and input modalities. For example, object recognition poses problems for state-of-the-art vision systems. Speech recognition in noisy environments remains problematic for acoustic systems. Natural language understanding and dialog are often limited to specific domains and baffled by ambiguous or novel utterances. Plans based on domain-specific tasks limit the applicability of dialog managers. The types of sensors used limit spatial knowledge and understanding, and constrain cognitive issues, such as perspective-taking.In this research, we are integrating several modalities, such as vision, audition, and natural language understanding to leverage the existing strengths of each modality and overcome individual weaknesses. We are using visual, acoustic, and linguistic inputs in various combinations to solve such problems as the disambiguation of referents (objects in the environment), localization of human speakers, and determination of the source of utterances and appropriateness of responses when humans and robots interact. For this research, we limit our consideration to the interaction of two humans and one robot in a retrieval scenario. This paper will describe the system and integration of the various modules prior to future testing.
Membranes of the world unite! (2006)

Despite diverse origins, cellular fusion mechanisms converge at a pathway of phospholipid bilayer fusion. In this mini-review, we discuss how proteins can mediate each of the three major stages in the fusion pathway: contact, hemifusion, and the opening of an expanding fusion pore.
Real-time omni-directional distance measurement with active panoramic vision (2007)

Abstract: Autonomous navigation of mobile robot requires a ranging system for measurement of distance to environmental objects. It is obvious that the wider and the faster distance measurement gives a mobile robot more freedom in trajectory planning and control. The active omni-directional ranging system proposed in this paper is capable of obtaining the distance for all 3600 directions in real-time because of the omni-directional mirror and the structured light. Distance computation including the sensitivity analysis and the experiments on the omnidirectional ranging are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Die-cast copper rotors as strategy for improving induction motor efficiency (2007)

This paper reviews the advantages of substituting copper for aluminum in the rotor squirrel cage as a central strategy toward reaching substantially higher efficiency. Short die life has discouraged production of copper rotors, but recent development of a heated nickel-base alloy die technology has solved the manufacturing problem; this is briefly reviewed. Copper rotor high efficiency motors are now commercially available. Performance characteristics of example motors are presented and design modifications employed to optimally utilize the high conductivity copper are outlined. Weight and cost savings realized by European manufacturers with high efficiency copper rotor motors compared to aluminum rotor designs with the same efficiency and performance characteristics are discussed. Applications for these motors in defense systems are now being examined for both 60 and 400 Hz equipment. Induction motors with copper rotors for traction also appear to have real advantages. Use of this motor type in the series hybrid drive system of a heavy duty Marine Corp truck is reviewed.
Activity and subcellular compartmentalization of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α are altered by the centrosome-associated protein CAP350 (2004)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear hormone receptors (PPAR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that play pivotal roles in governing metabolic homeostasis and cell growth. PPARs are primarily in the nucleus but, under certain circumstances, can be found in the cytoplasm. We show here that PPAR(alpha) interacts with the centrosome-associated protein CAP350. CAP350 also interacts with PPAR(delta), PPAR(gamma) and liver-X-receptor alpha, but not with the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor, RXR(alpha). Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that PPAR(alpha) is diffusely distributed in the nucleus and excluded from the cytoplasm. However, in the presence of coexpressed CAP350, PPAR(alpha) colocalizes with CAP350 to discrete nuclear foci and to the centrosome, perinuclear region and intermediate filaments. In contrast, the subcellular distribution of RXR(alpha) or of thyroid hormone receptor alpha was not altered by coexpression of CAP350. An amino-terminal fragment of CAP350 was localized exclusively to nuclear foci and was sufficient to recruit PPAR(alpha) to these sites. Mutation of the single putative nuclear hormone receptor interacting signature motif LXXLL present in this fragment had no effect on its subnuclear localization but abrogated recruitment of PPAR(alpha) to nuclear foci. Surprisingly, mutation of the LXXLL motif in this CAP350 subfragment did not prevent its binding to PPAR(alpha) in vitro, suggesting that this motif serves some function other than PPAR(alpha) binding in recruiting PPAR(alpha) to nuclear spots. CAP350 inhibited PPAR(alpha)-mediated transactivation in an LXXLL-dependent manner, suggesting that CAP350 represses PPAR(alpha) function. Our findings implicate CAP350 in a dynamic process that recruits PPAR(alpha) to discrete nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments and suggest that altered intracellular compartmentalization represents a regulatory process that modulates PPAR function.