gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Device for Direct Reproduction from Variable-Density Sound Negatives (1937)

The possibility of reproducing sound directly from the negative record offers an improvement in sound quality because it avoids the deterioration of definition, wave-shape, and volume range caused by the printing process. — In order to eliminate the distortion inherent in variable-density sound negatives, the playback amplifier must produce the same type of compensating distortion that occurs in good straight-line prints. The theoretical circuit requirements for an amplifier of this type are derived, and the RA-222 negative playback amplifier developed by the ERPI engineering department, in accordance with these requirements, is described. In addition to the basic distortion circuit, the RA-222 amplifier satisfies practical requirements, such as self-contained power supply and adjustments for negative gamma, amplitude, and frequency characteristic. — Experiences in various fields of use are reported, such as sensitometric measurements, print control, re-recording, and high-quality reproduction.
ANGINA PECTORIS WITH ASSOCIATED LEFT PAROXYSMAL PTOSIS (1946)

The present case is reported because it presents what appears to be a unique combination of clinical phenomena.
Inhalant Allergy To the Screwworm Fly (1965)

Abstract Radiation-sterilized screwworm flies are being released in the Southwestern United States to combat multimillion dollar losses to the cattle industry. Seventy per cent of persons involved in aerial dissemination of irradiated flies have experienced significant allergic manifestations, with near disastrous results in some cases. Symptoms consist of eye irritation, nasal congestion, coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The results of a survey of symptoms, dust analysis, skin testing, and case histories are presented.
Pseudomycins, a family of novel peptides from possessing broad-spectrum antifungal activity (2015)

A family of peptide antim ycotics, termed pseudomycins, has been isolated from liquid cultures of Pseudomonas syringae, a plant-associated bacterium. These compounds were purified using Amberlite XAD-2 and reverse-phase liquid chromatography. Pseudomycin A, the predominant peptide in a family of four, showed selective phytotoxicity, and had impressive activity against the human pathogen Candida albicans. Amino acid, mass spectroscopic, and comparative electrophoretic and chromatographic analyses revealed that the pseudomycins are different from previously described antimycotics from P. syringae, including syringomycin, syringotoxin and syringostatins. Pseudomycins A-C contain hydroxyaspartic acid, aspartic acid, serine, arginine, lysine and diaminobutyric acid. The molecular masses of pseudomycins A-C, as determined by plasma desorption mass spectrometry, are 1224,1208 and 1252 Da, respectively. Pseudomycin D, on the other hand, has a molecular mass of 2401 Da and is more complex than pseudomycins A-C.
Prototropic Isomerisation of Olefins with Functional Groups and Its Use in Organic Synthesis (1970)

The characteristics and mechanism of the prototropic isomerisation of olefins with functional groups in the presence of bases, acids, metal carbonyls, and other catalysts and also by thermal and photochemical activation have been examined together with its application in organic synthesis. The bibliography includes 180 references.
Limits on Variations in Protein Backbone Dynamics from Precise Measurements of Scalar Couplings (2007)

3JHN,Halpha, 3JHN,Cbeta, and 3JHN,C' couplings, all related to the backbone torsion angle phi, were measured for the third immunoglobulin binding domain of protein G, or GB3. Measurements were carried out using both previously published methods and novel sequences based on the multiple-quantum principle, which limit attenuation of experimental couplings caused by finite lifetimes of the spin states of passive spins. High reproducibility between the multiple-quantum and conventional approaches confirms the accuracy of the measurements. With few exceptions, close agreement between 3JHN,Halpha, 3JHN,Cbeta, and 3JHN,C' and values predicted by their respective Karplus equations is observed. For the three types of couplings, up to 20% better agreement is obtained when fitting the experimental couplings to a dynamic ensemble NMR structure, which has a phi angle root-mean-square spread of 9 +/- 4 degrees and was previously calculated on the basis of a very extensive set of residual dipolar couplings, than for any single static NMR structure. Fits of 3J couplings to a 1.1-A X-ray structure, with hydrogens added in idealized positions, are 40-90% worse. Approximately half of the improvement when fitting to the NMR structures relates to the amide proton deviating from its idealized, in-peptide-plane position, indicating that the positioning of hydrogens relative to the backbone atoms is one of the factors limiting the accuracy at which the backbone torsion angle phi can be extracted from 3J couplings. Introducing an additional, residue-specific variable for the amplitude of phi angle fluctuations does not yield a statistically significant improvement when fitting to a set of dynamic Karplus curves, pointing to a homogeneous behavior of these amplitudes.
Environmentally Induced Transgenerational Epigenetic Reprogramming of Primordial Germ Cells and the Subsequent Germ Line (2013)

A number of environmental factors (e.g. toxicants) have been shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease and phenotypic variation. Transgenerational inheritance requires the germline transmission of altered epigenetic information between generations in the absence of direct environmental exposures. The primary periods for epigenetic programming of the germ line are those associated with primordial germ cell development and subsequent fetal germline development. The current study examined the actions of an agricultural fungicide vinclozolin on gestating female (F0 generation) progeny in regards to the primordial germ cell (PGC) epigenetic reprogramming of the F3 generation (i.e. great-grandchildren). The F3 generation germline transcriptome and epigenome (DNA methylation) were altered transgenerationally. Interestingly, disruptions in DNA methylation patterns and altered transcriptomes were distinct between germ cells at the onset of gonadal sex determination at embryonic day 13 (E13) and after cord formation in the testis at embryonic day 16 (E16). A larger number of DNA methylation abnormalities (epimutations) and transcriptional alterations were observed in the E13 germ cells than in the E16 germ cells. These observations indicate that altered transgenerational epigenetic reprogramming and function of the male germline is a component of vinclozolin induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease. Insights into the molecular control of germline transmitted epigenetic inheritance are provided.
Women’s Place in Industry (1944)

Essay| January 01 1944 Women’s Place in Industry Gladys L. Palmer Gladys L. Palmer Industrial Research Department, University of Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1944) 6 (29): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1944.6.29.19 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gladys L. Palmer; Women’s Place in Industry. Current History 1 January 1944; 6 (29): 19–24. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1944.6.29.19 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1944 by The Regents of the University of California1944 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Mechanical Properties of Thin Ag Films on a Silicon Substrate Studied Using the Nanoindentation Technique (2005)

The mechanical properties of thin Ag films of equal thickness containing grains of various sizes were studied. The film hardness was measured using the Oliver-Pharr techniques based on indentation work calculations or on direct measurements of the area of pyramid imprints in AFM images. In order to avoid the influence of a substrate on the measured hardness, a technique was developed to determine the true values of the film hardness. It was established that the hardness of Ag films decreases with an increase in mean grain size, whereas the elastic modulus remains almost unchanged. It was shown that the dependence of the yield stress of Ag films on grain size does not obey the classical Hall-Petch law.
Scalable complex graph analysis with the knowledge discovery toolbox (2012)

The Knowledge Discovery Toolbox (KDT) enables domain experts to perform complex analyses of huge datasets on supercomputers using a high-level language without grappling with the difficulties of writing parallel code, calling parallel libraries, or becoming a graph expert. KDT delivers competitive performance from a general-purpose, reusable library for graphs on the order of 10 billion edges and greater. We describe our approach for supporting arbirary vertex and edge attributes, in-place graph filtering, and graph traversal using pre-defined access patterns.
Empirical evaluation of weighted and prioritized static scheduling heuristics for real-time multiprocessing (2002)

Suboptimal solutions to the NP-complete problem of task scheduling in a multiprocessing system are achievable with the aid of heuristic methods. Static scheduling heuristics for real-time multiprocessing systems are typically based on existing algorithms developed for non-real-time systems. Unfortunately this approach results in the real-rime heuristics inheriting the deficiencies of the non-real-time algorithms as well. Existing scheduling heuristics compromise the results of the scheduling effort by insufficiently representing the task characteristics of an application graph. In this paper we present results of experimentation in which the parameters of the DAG are enhanced to more accurately correspond to those of real-world real-time applications. A method of specifying weighted combinations and priorities of simple scheduling heuristics as the scheduling algorithm is presented. Results of the compound heuristics are compared to the results of previous work in the field with some interesting conclusions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deep Learning for Dialogue Systems (2017)

In the past decade, goal-oriented spoken dialogue systems have been the most prominent component in today's virtual personal assistants. The classic dialogue systems have rather complex and/or modular pipelines. The advance of deep learning technologies has recently risen the applications of neural models to dialogue modeling. However, how to successfully apply deep learning based approaches to a dialogue system is still challenging. Hence, this tutorial is designed to focus on an overview of the dialogue system development while describing most recent research for building dialogue systems and summarizing the challenges, in order to allow researchers to study the potential improvements of the state-of-the-art dialogue systems.
Direct Sequencing of Neuropeptides in Biological Tissue by MALDI−PSD Mass Spectrometry (1999)

Dissected tissue pieces of the pituitary pars intermedia from the amphibian Xenopus laevis was directly subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass analysis. The obtained MALDI peptide profile revealed both previously known and unexpected processing products of the proopiomelanocortin gene. Mass spectrometric peptide sequencing of a few of these neuropeptides was performed by employing MALDI combined with postsource decay (PSD) fragment ion mass analysis. The potential of MALDI-PSD for sequence analysis of peptides directly from unfractionated tissue samples was examined for the first time for the known desacetyl-alpha-MSH-NH2 and the presumed vasotocin neuropeptide. In addition, the sequence of an unknown peptide which was present in the pars intermedia tissue sample at mass 1392.7 u was determined. The MALDI-PSD mass spectrum of precursor ion 1392.7 u contained sufficient structural information to uniquely identify the sequence by searching protein sequence databases. The determined amino acid sequence corresponds to the vasotocin peptide with a C-terminal extension of Gly-Lys-Arg ("vasotocinyl-GKR"), indicating incomplete processing of the vasotocin precursor protein in the pituitary pars intermediate of X. laevis. Both vasotocin and vasotocinyl-GKR are nonlinear peptides containing a disulfide (S-S) bridge between two cysteine residues. Interpretation of the spectra of these two peptides reveals three different forms of characteristic fragment ions of the cysteine side chain: peptide-CH2-SH (regular mass of Cys-containing fragment ions), peptide-CH2-S-SH (regular mass + 32 u) and peptide = CH2 (regular mass -34 u) due to cleavage on either side of the sulfur atoms.
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone treatment in intrauterine growth‐retarded preterm newborn infants on growth, body composition and energy expenditure (1996)

The effects of recombinant human growth hormone treatment during the early postnatal period on growth, body composition and energy expenditure were studied in seven intrauterine growth-retarded newborns. Seven infants were studied as controls. No differences were seen in bodyweight or height gain (15.9 +/- 1.5 g/kg per day and 1.02 +/- 0.24 cm/week in the treated and 16.3 +/- 1.4 g/kg per day and 1.11 +/- 0.30 cm/week in the control group). Skinfold growth rate was 0.52 +/- 0.20 mm/week in the treated vs. 0.56 +/- 0.28 mm/week in the control group. Total body water (as a percentage of bodyweight, 80 +/- 3.0% vs. 80 +/- 4.0%) and energy expenditure (67.5 +/- 7.4 vs. 66.7 +/- 6.4kcal/kg per day) using 2H2 18O showed identical results in both groups. We conclude that the recombinant human growth hormone treatment directly after birth in intrauterine growth-retarded newborn infants results neither in an increase in growth rate nor a change in body composition or energy expenditure during the early postnatal period.
Acoustical ranging techniques in embedded wireless sensor networked devices (2013)

Location sensing provides endless opportunities for a wide range of applications in GPS-obstructed environments, where, typically, there is a need for a higher degree of accuracy. In this article, we focus on robust range estimation , an important prerequisite for fine-grained localization. Motivated by the promise of acoustic in delivering high ranging accuracy, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of acoustic (both ultrasound and audible) ranging systems. We distill the limitations of acoustic ranging and present efficient signal designs and detection algorithms to overcome the challenges of coverage, range, accuracy/resolution, tolerance to Doppler's effect, and audible intensity. We evaluate our proposed techniques experimentally on TWEET, a low-power platform purpose-built for acoustic ranging applications. Our experiments demonstrate an operational range of 20m (outdoor) and an average accuracy ≈2cm in the ultrasound domain. Finally, we present the design of an audible-range acoustic tracking service that encompasses the benefits of a near-inaudible acoustic broadband chirp and approximately two times increase in Doppler tolerance to achieve better performance.
Nonlinearity correction techniques for high speed, high resolution A/D conversion (1995)

In general, low resolution circuitry can be designed with higher speed performance than high resolution circuitry. Most high resolution A/D converter architectures require a high resolution component, such as a S/H or integrator, in their design and are often limited by the speed of this component. This paper discusses several techniques for achieving high resolution A/D conversion by calibrating nonlinear circuitry with highly accurate reference circuitry without conversion speed being limited by the calibration circuitry. The analysis of a sample converter with various nonidealities is presented, along with supporting simulation results for a similar architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Furfurylated Novolak Resins (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurfurylated Novolak ResinsL. H. Brown, D. D. Watson, and K. J. SiegfriedCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1958, 50, 11, 1675–1676Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50587a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50587a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Language planning and policy in Taiwan (2011)

This overview and analysis of language policy and planning (LPP) in Taiwan since the seventeenth century is written from the perspective of language ecology and uses Cooper’s three-part approach: status planning, acquisition planning and corpus planning. The paper investigates how languages and their speakers have interacted with one another and with their sociocultural and political contexts, and how different policies at different times have altered the local language ecology. Three emerging factors that are changing the local ecology are further identified. As the first step to successful LPP is a detailed understanding of the local language ecology, it is hoped that the analysis presented here will provide insights for future LPP in Taiwan.
Recent advance in segmented thin-foil x-ray optics (2002)

The segmented approach in the design of grazing incidence X-ray optics has been utilized in constructing conical foil mirrors for several missions such as BBXRT, ASCA, as well as the failed mission Astro-E. The advantages include lightweight construction, a large collecting area, and broadband response in the X-ray band. A key weakness, which places these mirrors increasingly at a disadvantage with regard to other high throughput mirrors, e.g., those used for XMM, is a spatial resolution considerably worse than limits imposed by the geometry. Our first major breakthrough in addressing this problem was the introduction of surface replication, a technique which transfers the smooth surface of glass mandrels onto conical aluminum foil segments via a thin epoxy buffer layer. More recently we have made a concerted effort to evaluate the remaining spatial error, still well above that expected from the approximate geometry. We investigated the major error terms that include the curvature error of the reflectors along the axial direction, roundness error along the circumference of reflectors, and positioning error of the reflectors in the supporting structure. This effort leads to an improved overall angular resolution for such quadrant-segmented systems. Positioning error is reduced by reduction in the distortion of the two-stage telescope housings with new reflector alignment and mounting techniques. We report the current status in the improvement of angular resolution in the segmented foil optics and our understanding of remaining errors.
Molecular‐dynamics simulation of the β domain of metallothionein with a semi‐empirical treatment of the metal core (2000)

The three-metal-containing β domain of rat liver metallothionein-2 in aqueous solution was simulated with different metal contents. The Cd3, the CdZn2, and the Zn3 variant were investigated using a conventional molecular dynamics simulation, as well as a simulation with a semi-empirical quantum-chemical description (MNDO and MNDO/d) of the metal core embedded in a classical environment. For the purely classical simulations, the standard GROMOS96 force-field parameters were used, and parameters were estimated for cadmium. The results of both kinds of simulations were compared to each other and to the corresponding experimental X-ray crystallographic and NMR solution data. The purely classical simulations were found to produce a too compact metal cluster with partially incorrect geometries, which affected the enfolding protein backbone structure. The inclusion of MNDO/d for the treatment of the metal cluster improved the results to give correct cluster geometries and an overall protein structure in agreement with the experiment. The metal cluster and the cysteine residues bound to it are structurally stable, while the irregular polypeptide backbone loops between the cysteines exhibit a considerable flexibility. MNDO without extension to d orbitals failed to maintain the structure of the metal core. Proteins 2000;41:299–315. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Demonstration of differential backscatter absorption gas imaging (2000)

Backscatter absorption gas imaging (BAGI) is a technique that uses infrared active imaging to generate real-time video imagery of gas plumes. We describe a method that employs imaging at two wavelengths (absorbed and not absorbed by the gas to be detected) to allow wavelength-differential BAGI. From the frames collected at each wavelength, an absorbance image is created that displays the differential absorbance of the atmosphere between the imager and the backscatter surface. This is analogous to a two-dimensional topographic differential absorption lidar or differential optical absorption spectroscopy measurement. Gas plumes are displayed, but the topographic scene image is removed. This allows a more effective display of the plume image, thus ensuring detection under a wide variety of conditions. The instrument used to generate differential BAGI is described. Data generated by the instrument are presented and analyzed to estimate sensitivity.
Unusual Rate Enhancement of Bimolecular Dehydrocondensation To Form Amides at the Interface of Micelles of Fatty Acid Salts (2005)

Speeding up: A micelle–water interface acts as a suitable reaction field for dehydrocondensation. The coupling reaction of fatty acid salts with a triazine-type amphiphilic dehydrocondensing agent in a micellar system (see picture) underwent up to 2000-fold acceleration. The rate enhancement can be attributed to the higher local concentration and preorientation of the reactants in the micelles. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z502594_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.