gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CLXXXII.—The relation between residual affinity and chemical constitution. Part IV. Some open-chain compounds (1913)

H. T. Clarke, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1913, 103, 1689 DOI: 10.1039/CT9130301689
Cerebrovascular changes in the basal ganglia with HIV dementia (2000)

Increased early enhancement in basal ganglia of the HIV dementia group is consistent with increased regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV). Increased late enhancement is strongly suggestive of BBB disruption. Similar abnormalities were absent in the white matter adjacent to the caudate nucleus.
ChemInform Abstract: CALCIFEROL AND ITS RELATIVES. PART 24. A SYNTHESIS OF VITAMIN D4 (1979)

Abstract Pyrolyse und anschließende Oxidation von A,B‐Des‐ergostan (I) liefert das N‐Olefin, das mit ethanolischem Na‐thiophenolat zu dem Sulfid (II) reagiert, aus dem durch Benzoylierung gefolgt von Oxidation das Derivat (III) synthetisiert wird.
Changes in Culture Expanded Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells: Implications for Potential Therapeutic Applications (2011)

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC) isolated from term placenta have stem cell-like properties, differentiate into tissue specific cells and reduce lung and liver inflammation and fibrosis following transplantation into disease models established in mice. These features together with their low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive properties make hAEC an attractive source of cells for potential therapeutic applications. However, generation of large cell numbers required for therapies through serial expansion in xenobiotic-free media may be a limiting factor. We investigated if hAEC could be expanded in xenobiotic-free media and if expansion altered their differentiation capacity, immunophenotype, immunosuppressive properties and production of immunomodulatory factors. Serial expansion in xenobiotic-free media was limited with cumulative cell numbers and population doubling times significantly lower than controls maintained in fetal calf serum. The epithelial morphology of primary hAEC changed into mesenchymal-stromal like cells by passage 4-5 (P4-P5) with down regulation of epithelial markers CK7, CD49f, EpCAM and E-cadherin and elevation of mesenchymal-stromal markers CD44, CD105, CD146 and vimentin. The P5 hAEC expanded in xenobiotic-free medium differentiated into osteocyte and alveolar epithelium-like cells, but not chondrocyte, hepatocyte, α- and β-pancreatic-like cells. Expression of HLA Class IA, Class II and co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD40 remained unaltered. The P5 hAEC suppressed mitogen stimulated T cell proliferation, but were less suppressive compared with primary hAEC at higher splenocyte ratios. Primary and P5 hAEC did not secrete the immunosuppressive factors IL-10 and HGF, whereas TGF-β1 and HLA-G were reduced and IL-6 elevated in P5 hAEC. These findings suggest that primary and expanded hAEC may be suitable for different cellular therapeutic applications.
SCF-mediated mast cell infiltration and activation exacerbate the inflammation and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment (2008)

Despite the evidence for the role of inflammation in cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, the precise mechanism by which the inflammation within tumor is orchestrated by inflammatory cells remains to be determined. Here, we report that tumor-infiltrating mast cells remodel tumor microenvironment and promote tumor growth. Mast cell infiltration and activation in tumors were mainly mediated by tumor-derived stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c-Kit on mast cells. Low concentrations of SCF efficiently induced the chemotactic migration of mast cells. Tumor-infiltrating mast cells, activated by higher concentrations of SCF, expressed multiple proinflammatory factors and increased IL-17 expression in tumors. The activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 in tumor cells was intensified in the mast cell-remodeled inflammatory microenvironment. SCF-activated mast cells also exacerbated tumor immunosuppression by releasing adenosine and increasing T regulatory cells, which augmented the suppression of T cells and natural killer cells in tumors. These findings emphasize that the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment can actually be initiated by tumor cell-released SCF and suggest that mast cells are not only a participator but also a critical regulator of inflammation and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.
Activity of esterase in the hydrolysis of 3',5'-diesters of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine in relation to the structure of the diester prodrugs. (1985)

The activity of porcine liver esterase towards diesters of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine with saturated aliphatic acids including acetic, propionic, butyric, hexanoic, octanoic, decanoic and dodecanoic acids was investigated. The susceptibility of the 3', 5'-diesters increased as the acyl chain was lengthened up to octanoyl, but further increase in the acyl chain length resulted in a sharp decrease in the susceptibility. The susceptibility of 3'-and 5'-monoesters increased as the chain was lengthened to decanoyl and slightly decreased on going to dodecanoyl. These results suggest that the higher antitumor activity of longer alkyl chain diesters of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine is partly due to their slow rates of hydrolysis by non-specific esterase.
Identification of a Novel AU-Rich Element in the 3′ Untranslated Region of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor mRNA That Is the Target for Regulated RNA-Binding Proteins (2001)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) plays an important role in the growth and progression of estrogen receptor-negative human breast cancers. EGF binds with high affinity to the EGF-R and activates a variety of second messenger pathways that affect cellular proliferation. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of EGF-R expression in breast cancer cells are yet to be described. Here we show that the EGF-induced upregulation of EGF-R mRNA in two human breast cancer cell lines that overexpress EGF-R (MDA-MB-468 and BT-20) is accompanied by stabilization (>2-fold) of EGF-R mRNA. Transient transfections using a luciferase reporter identified a novel EGF-regulated approximately 260-nucleotide (nt) cis-acting element in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of EGF-R mRNA. This cis element contains two distinct AU-rich sequences (~75 nt), EGF-R1A with two AUUUA pentamers and EGF-R2A with two AUUUUUA extended pentamers. Each independently regulated the mRNA stability of the heterologous reporter. Analysis of mutants of the EGF-R2A AU-rich sequence demonstrated a role for the 3' extended pentamer in regulating basal turnover. RNA gel shift analysis identified cytoplasmic proteins (~55 to 80 kDa) from breast cancer cells that bound specifically to the EGF-R1A and EGF-R2A cis-acting elements and whose binding activity was rapidly downregulated by EGF and phorbol esters. RNA gel shift analysis of EGF-R2A mutants identified a role for the 3' extended AU pentamer, but not the 5' extended pentamer, in binding proteins. These EGF-R mRNA-binding proteins were present in multiple human breast and prostate cancer cell lines. In summary, these data demonstrate a central role for mRNA stabilization in the control of EGF-R gene expression in breast cancer cells. EGF-R mRNA contains a novel complex AU-rich 260-nt cis-acting destabilizing element in the 3'-UTR that is bound by specific and EGF-regulated trans-acting factors. Furthermore, the 3' extended AU pentamer of EGF-R2A plays a central role in regulating EGF-R mRNA stability and the binding of specific RNA-binding proteins. These findings suggest that regulated RNA-protein interactions involving this novel cis-acting element will be a major determinant of EGF-R mRNA stability.
A 1.0 &amp;mu;m compilable FIFO buffer for standard cell (1989)

A compilable first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffer cell has been developed using a module generator with routing capability. The cell has a capability of compiling up to 2048 words×9 bits (a minimum of 16 words×4bits). In a 1.0-μm CMOS technology, a read/write cycle time of 20 ns (50 MHz) can be achieved at the maximum words and bits
Location Fingerprint Database Filter Algorithm Based on Multi-Mapping Data Structure (2018)

The key to improve the precision of location fingerprinting algorithm is to reduce the errors between the position vectors in online locating process and the tag vector of the database in offline process. In view of the large errors caused by the construction of locating tags built from a single vector in traditional offline database, this paper proposed a kind of locating mapping tags for establishing the multi-mapping data structure and the offline database, which adapt better the distribution characteristics of RSSI signals in WIFI. Experiments showed that the offline database constructed by the methods effectively match the current actual position, reduce errors, and significantly improve the matching accuracy.
Nucleotide sequence of The yeast<i>SUC2</i>gene for invertase (1983)

The yeast SUC2 gene is a structural gene for both the secreted and intracellular forms of invertase. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the coding region and the 5' and 3' flanking regions. The coding regions for the signal peptide-containing precursor to secreted invertase and for the intracellular invertase begin at different initiation codons within the SUC2 gene but share the same reading frame. The amino acid sequences predicted for the two forms of invertase from the nucleotide sequence are consistent with the properties of the purified enzymes. Potential sites for glycosylation of the secreted invertase are identified.
Chapter 23. Magnetism (1992)

A. Harrison and S. J. Clarke, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. A: Inorg. Chem., 1992, 89, 425 DOI: 10.1039/IC9928900425
Adaptive tuning of the sampling domain for dynamic-domain RRTs (2005)

Sampling based planners have become increasingly efficient in solving the problems of classical motion planning and its applications. In particular, techniques based on the rapidly-exploring random trees (RRTs) have generated highly successful single-query planners. Recently, a variant of this planner called dynamic-domain RRT was introduced by Yershova et al. (2005). It relies on a new sampling scheme that improves the performance of the RRT approach on many motion planning problems. One of the drawbacks of this method is that it introduces a new parameter that requires careful tuning. In this paper we analyze the influence of this parameter and propose a new variant of the dynamic-domain RRT, which iteratively adapts the sampling domain for the Voronoi region of each node during the search process. This allows automatic tuning of the parameter and significantly increases the robustness of the algorithm. The resulting variant of the algorithm has been tested on several path planning problems.
A High-Speed Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration Controller Using Direct Memory Access Through a Multiport Memory Controller and Overclocking with Active Feedback (2011)

Dynamically reconfigurable computing platforms provide promising methods for dynamic management of hardware resources, power, and performance. Yet, progress in dynamically reconfigurable computing is fundamentally limited by the reconfiguration time overhead. Prior research in the development of dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR) controllers has been limited by its use of the Processor Local Bus (PLB). As a result, the bus was unavailable during DPR. This resulted in significant time overhead. To minimize the overhead, we introduce the use of a multiport memory controller (MPMC) that frees the PLB during the reconfiguration process. The processor is thus allowed to switch to other tasks during the reconfiguration operation. This effectively limits the reconfiguration overhead. An interrupt is used to inform the processor when the operation is complete. Therefore, the system can multitask during the reconfiguration operation. Furthermore, to maximize performance, we introduce the use of overclocking with active feedback. During overclocking, the use of active feedback is used to ensure that the device voltage and temperature are within nominal operating conditions. All of these contributions lead to significant performance improvements over current partial reconfiguration subsystems. The portability of the system, demonstrated on the Virtex-4 and the Virtex-5, consists of four different hardware platforms.
Case report: Pregnancy resulting from intracytoplasmic injection of spermatozoa from a frozen-thawed testicular biopsy specimen (1996)

A testicular biopsy specimen was taken in connection with scrotal exploration of a healthy 35 year old man who had azoospermia. Bilateral severe scarring of unknown aetiology was found in the exploration, and no epididymal spermatozoa could be obtained. Spermatozoa from the fresh biopsy specimen were used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on the same day. Two-embryo transfer resulted in biochemical pregnancy. The rest of the biopsy specimen was frozen as small pieces of tissue using glycerol as a cryoprotectant. ICSI was then performed with spermatozoa prepared from the frozen-thawed tissue. One embryo was obtained and transferred. The transfer resulted in pregnancy, and a living fetus was seen in ultrasound scans at the seventh and 16th weeks of pregnancy. It is possible to avoid repeated testicular biopsies by using cryopreservation of testicular tissue.
Study on the gas pressure characteristics of photoacoustic spectroscopy detection for dissolved gases in transformer oil (2012)

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) is a highly sensitive gas analyzing method without the shortcoming of gas consumption, which can be well applied in online monitoring of dissolved gas-in-oil. The effect of gas pressure on the photoacoustic spectroscopy detection is significant. Functional relations between gas pressure and gas absorption coefficient as well as PAV signal were derived theoretically. The experimental results of the acetylene , methane and carbon dioxide dissolved in transformer oil show the correctness of the functional relations above and that Photoacoustic spectroscopy voltage signal has a good linear dependence on the 1.5th root of P (0KPa<;P<;75KPa ) and the square root of P(75KPa<;P<;100KPa)when without gas absorption saturation effect. The theoretical and experimental results supply reference and technical support for further improvements in oil gas photoacoustic spectroscopy of on-line monitoring system.
SeDas: A Self-Destructing Data System Based on Active Storage Framework (2013)

Personal data stored in the Cloud may contain account numbers, passwords, notes, and other important information that could be used and misused by a miscreant, a competitor, or a court of law. These data are cached, copied, and archived by Cloud Service Providers (CSPs), often without users' authorization and control. Self-destructing data mainly aims at protecting the user data's privacy. All the data and their copies become destructed or unreadable after a user-specified time, without any user intervention. In addition, the decryption key is destructed after the user-specified time. In this paper, we present SeDas, a system that meets this challenge through a novel integration of cryptographic techniques with active storage techniques based on T10 OSD standard. We implemented a proof-of-concept SeDas prototype. Through functionality and security properties evaluations of the SeDas prototype, the results demonstrate that SeDas is practical to use and meets all the privacy-preserving goals described. Compared to the system without self-destructing data mechanism, throughput for uploading and downloading with the proposed SeDas acceptably decreases by less than 72%, while latency for upload/download operations with self-destructing data mechanism increases by less than 60%.
Deep-level optical spectroscopy in GaAs (1981)

An experimental method which we call deep-level optical spectroscopy (DLOS) is described. It is based on photostimulated capacitance transients measurements after electrical, thermal, or optical excitation of the sample, i.e., a diode. This technique provides the spectral distribution of both ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{p}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$, the optical cross sections for the transitions between a deep-level and the conduction and valence bands. Besides its sensitivity, DLOS is selective in the double sense that ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{p}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ are unambiguously separated, and that the signals due to different traps can be resolved from one another. As a result, the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ spectra are measured from their threshold up to the energy gap of the semiconductor, over a generally large temperature range. In addition, the straightforward coupling of DLOS with deep-level transient spectroscopy allows a clear identification of the optical spectra with known levels and the simultaneous determination of both thermal and optical properties for each defect. This experimental method has been used to analyze the most commonly observed deep levels in GaAs. For the well known "O" level, a comprehensive analysis of the results obtained through other techniques (as reported in the literature) is given, to compare with our DLOS data. The spectral shape of all ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ curves appears to be strongly related to the density-of-states distribution in the conduction band, i.e., transitions towards $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$, $L$, and $X$ minima of this band are generally well resolved; this is a unique feature of DLOS. A simple theoretical model is proposed to take advantage of these newly available experimental data and to explain the sharpness of the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{p}^{0}(\mathrm{hv})$ curves, as compared with, e.g., Lucovsky's model. Phonon coupling is taken into account. A good fit of the DLOS results is obtained with a small number of adjustable parameters: the deep-level envelope wave function extent (in the $\ensuremath{\delta}$-potential approximation), the relative transition probabilities to the various conduction-band minima, and the Franck-Condon parameter. The values thus obtained for these physical parameters are discussed, and finally, all results concerning each trap are summarized on a configuration coordinate diagram.
Role of halogens in the mechanism of sensitization of uncooled PbSe infrared photodetectors (2003)

Lead selenide layers were obtained by thermal evaporation in vacuum on thermally oxidized silicon. As-deposited layers present no response to infrared radiation and an activation procedure is mandatory. The sensitization process described in this work consists of a thermal treatment developed in two different stages: The first step in an iodine and oxygen rich atmosphere at 220 °C, and the second one at a higher temperature (450 °C) on air. After this treatment, the developed photodetectors show high sensitivity to medium wavelength infrared radiation at room temperature. We have analyzed the structural, compositional, electrical, and morphological changes of the films occurred during the activation process. After processing many films, we conclude that iodine plays a key role in the PbSe sensitization. This halogen behaves as a transport agent during the PbSe recrystallization process, and promotes a fast growth of PbSe microcrystals. Oxygen is trapped into the PbSe lattice during the recrystallization process, as it happens in chemically deposited PbSe films. The introduction of halogens in the PbSe sensitization procedure is a highly efficient technique for the incorporation of oxygen to the semiconductor lattice in electrically active positions.
Efficacy, Feasibility, and Pitfalls of Transseptal Approach in Beating-Heart Mitral Valve Surgery (2009)

Our experience suggests that beating-heart mitral valve surgery is facilitated by using the trans-septal approach.
Rapid Image Analysis Screening Procedure for Identifying Chloroplast Number Mutants in Mesophyll Cells of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (L.) Heynh. (1991)

To analyze the genetic control of the process of chloroplast division, a direct image analysis screening procedure has been developed in which mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. var Landsberg erecta are selected on the basis of abnormal chloroplast number. The selection procedure is based on image analysis thresholding after iodine staining, which facilitates the automatic counting of chloroplasts in isolated mesophyll cells. M2 seedlings are screened for significant deviation from the wild type relationship between mesophyll cell size and chloroplast number. Mutants with both abnormally high and abnormally low chloroplast numbers were identified. Of 3500 individual M2 seedlings screened, 18 mutant lines have been isolated and shown to be stably inherited in three subsequent generations. The most extreme phenotypes show an 80% reduction or a 50% increase in chloroplast number per mesophyll cell.
Compact Size Multi-Channel True Time Delay Moudle with High Accuracy (2018)

A 9-bit digital true time delay (TDD) and amplification module with high integration is proposed in this paper. The true time delay units, bi-directional amplifiers, serial-to-parallel converter and power pulse modulated circuits are integrated in a multi-chip module (MCM) with monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) and surface mount technology (SMT). Multi-layer microwave board is used to implement the routing of DC, control and RF signals. Moreover, in order to achieve better flatness of time delay, distributed amplifiers and high isolation cavity structures have been adopted. To calculate the spatial isolation of the cavity structures, electromagnetic simulation with microwave high frequency software has been utilized. For verification, a multichannel TDD module has been designed, fabricated and measured. According to the measured results, the TDD module achieves the receive gain within 4.5 dB ± 0.8 dB, transmit power within 17dBm ± 1.0 dB, and high time-delay accuracy within ± 0.5 ps for 6.25 ps and ± 20 ps for 1600 ps, simultaneously.
Sliding-window motion artifact rejection for Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (2010)

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIR) is an optical brain monitoring technology that tracks changes in hemodynamic responses within the cortex. fNIR uses specific wavelengths of light, introduced at the scalp, to enable the noninvasive measurement of changes in the relative ratios of deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) and oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) during brain activity. This technology allows the design of portable, safe, affordable, noninvasive, and minimally intrusive monitoring systems that can be used to measure brain activity in natural environments, ambulatory and field conditions. However, for such applications fNIR signals can get prone to noise due to motion of the head. Improving signal quality and reducing noise, can be especially challenging for real time applications. Here, we study motion artifact related noise especially due to poor and changing sensor coupling. We have developed a simple and iterative method that can be used to automate the preprocessing of data to identify segments with such noise for exclusion and this method is also suitable for real time applications.