gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ASCW: an assistant for cooperative work (1993)

The Assistant for Cooperative Work (ASCW) is a powerful system for the management of distributed work. It consists of the Task Manager, the organizational information system TOSCA and the video conferencing tool LIVE. With the Task Manager, common tasks may be shared and manipulated independently by a number of people. Users may organize cooperative tasks, monitor their progress, share documents and services, and exchange messages during task performance. TOSCA provides knowledge about the organizations and their resources which are relevant for the support of communication and cooperation, both for users and applications. Complementary to these two systems, LIVE supports in-house and wide area video conferencing based on the broadband telecommunication net of the German Telecom.
Bubbles: Navigating Multimedia Content in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (2003)

We aim to support spontaneous and opportunistic human behavior by taking advantage of an emerging environment for mobile ubiquitous multimedia applications enabled by the fusion of adhoc networks, peer-to-peer computing, and media-rich mobile devices. Guided by an ethnographic study of spontaneous and opportunistic human behavior, a new concept, called the Bubble concept, is proposed that helps users navigate multimedia content made available in mobile ad-hoc networks. The concept is intended to guide the design of user interfaces that provide users with impulses that may trigger spontaneity and opportunism. We used the Bubble concept to design and implement a portable audio player application that provides music impulses to users. The application runs on WLAN-equipped iPAQs.
Real-time input of 3D pose and gestures of a user's hand and its applications for HCI (2002)

Introduces a method for tracking a user's hand in 3D and recognizing the hand's gesture in real time without the use of any invasive devices attached to the hand. Our method uses multiple cameras for determining the position and orientation of a user's hand moving freely in a 3D space. In addition, the method identifies pre-determined gestures in a fast and robust manner by using a neural network which has been properly trained beforehand. This paper also describes results of user study of our proposed method and several types of applications, including 3D object handling for a desktop system and a 3D walkthrough for a large immersive display system.
Plasma Concentration of Levodopa in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease (1973)

Responses in plasma concentration of levodopa to administration of levodopa alone or combined with the extracerebral decarboxylase inhibitor, Ro 4-4602, were studied in 173 parkinsonian patients both after single and sequential administration. It was also determined whether any correlation existed between plasma levodopa and clinical responses to treatment. Maximum plasma levels of levodopa were reached in 1–2 h after a single oral administration and correlated with the dose. Sustained-release and standard levodopa preparations induced similar half-lives of levodopa in the plasma but there was a significantly lower mean concentration at 30 min after administration of sustained release levodopa. 200 or 150 mg of levodopa combined with 50 or 100 mg of decarboxylase inhibitor, respectively, resulted in plasma levels of levodopa equal to those achieved with 1,000 mg of levodopa alone. A sequential dose of these levodopa preparations every 4 h resulted in repeated peak concentrations of plasma levodopa 2 h after administration followed by low values at 4 h. Correlation analyses showed that clinical improvement during long-term treatment with optimal dosage was not related to the concentration of circulating levodopa in the plasma. However, plasma levodopa correlated significantly with some of the clinical side-effects, especially with vomiting and involuntary movements. To avoid too high peak concentrations of plasma levodopa and consequently too numerous side-effects, it would be better to give the daily dosage of levodopa in many relatively low doses than in a few large ones.
Warfarin Induces Fatal Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage: A Case Report (2010)

Warfarin-induced bleeding, such as intracranial hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding, have been frequently reported. We present an 86-year-old woman who arrived in the ED with shock and respiratory failure. She had received low dose warfarin 2 weeks previously for ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was impressed and a prolonged international normalized ratio of prothrombin time was revealed. Aggressive treatment failed to stop the bleeding and the patient died. This case reminds physicians of the importance of monitoring bleeding tendencies during the first week of administration of anticoagulants in elderly patients to prevent fatal complications.
Investigations on the Activation of Bovine Prochymosin (1979)

Activation of prochymosin at pH below 2.5 results in formation of the active enzyme pseudochymosin by proteolytic cleavage of the bond 27–28. Pseudochymosin is 15 amino acid residues longer than chymosin. It is the final activation product at low pH, whereas chymosin is formed by activation between pH 4 and 5. Pseudochymosin is converted to chymosin when it is brought to pH 5.5. Our present knowledge does not allow quantitative evaluation of the possible reactions involved in formation of pseudochymosin, but the course of activation at pH 2 is in accordance with an intermolecular reaction between two zymogen molecules as the predominat reaction. We find indications of an intramolecular reaction when intermolecular reactions are prevented by immobilization of the zymogen.
A multiple-strength multiple-delay compiled-code logic simulator (1993)

Describes a new logic state model for gate level simulation based upon a powerset representation of the possible drive states at the output of a logic gate. Efficient implementation techniques for this model in a compiled-code logic simulator are presented, with the results that most complicated operations can be optimized into simple table lookups. Algorithmic issues in a multiple-strength multiple-delay logic simulator are discussed. Implementation results show that for typical circuits, compiled-code implementations of multiple-strength unit-delay logic simulation and multiple-strength multiple-delay logic simulation are slightly lower than three-state unit-delay simulation, and achieve speedups of 5 to 14 times compared to interpretive versions of the same algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Component-based e-commerce (1998)

Component-based e-commerce technology is a recent trend towards resolving the e-commerce challenge at both system and application levels. Instead of delivering a system as a prepacked monolith system containing any conceivable feature, component-based systems consist of a lightweight kernel to which new features can be added in the form of components. In order to identify the central problems in component-based e-commerce and ways to deal with them, we investigate prototypes, technologies, and frameworks that will transcend the current state of the practice in Internet commerce. In this paper, we first discuss the current practices and trends in component-based electronic commerce based on the International Workshop on Component-based Electronic Commerce. Then, we investigate a number of research issues and future directions in component-based development for electronic commerce.
Expression of glycolytic enzymes is increased in pancreatic cancerous tissues as evidenced by proteomic profiling by two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (2007)

The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is very poor because of late diagnosis and the lack of response to various therapies. We tried to identify proteins that might be available for early diagnosis and effective therapies by proteomic profiling of pancreatic cancer tissues. Pancreatic cancerous and paired non-cancerous tissues obtained from surgical resections or autopsies of 10 patients were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The differential display showed 11 spots whose expression was increased in cancerous tissues compared with the paired non-cancerous tissues. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system identified the spots as alpha-enolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), triosephosphate isomerase, transgelin, calmodulin, superoxide dismutase(Mn) mitochondrial precursor, glutathione S-transferase P, cyclophilin A, protein disulfide isomerase A3 precursor, and apolipoprotein A-I precursor. Two of the 11 spots were detected as GAPDH. We noticed that 4 of 11 spots were enzymes involved in glycolytic pathway. Increased glycolysis in cancer cells has been regarded as the effect of intratumoral hypoxia and is possibly associated with tumor invasion, metastasis or resistance to therapies. These glycolytic proteins and transgelin, were confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
Direct search solution of an inverse problem in elastoplasticity: Identification of cohesion, friction angle and <i>in situ</i> stress by pressure tunnel tests (1980)

Abstract The identification (or ‘calibration’ or ‘inverse’) problem with in this paper, can be outlined as follows. The ‘real system’ is a deep rock formation which can be regarded as isotropic and elastoplastic. A mathematical‐numerical model, intended for the analysis of its response to excavations, rests on the assumption of an elastic‐perfectly plastic Mohr–Coulomb constitutive law and of a homogeneous isotropic initial ( in situ ) stress state. The values of cohesion, friction angle and initial stress to be introduced in this model are identified by minimizing a measure of the discrepancy (error) between theoretical and experimental relationship (pressure vs. average diameter increase), concerning a standard pressure tunnel test carried out well inside the nonlinear range. For the error minimization process, two very general ‘search techniques’ are adopted and discussed from the computational standpoint: the flexible polyhedron (modified simplex) strategy and the alternating variable strategy in the Rosenbrock version. Both are found to be adequate for solving this inverse problem, when the mathematical model has to be use as a ‘black box’ in a purely numerical identification process.
[High-immunogenic mutants of Salmonella with two independently of each other attenuating markers as potential vaccines from bacteria capable of multiplication. 2. Communication: spontaneous chromosomal resistance against antibiotics as a possibility for isolation of clones with decreased virulence (author's transl)]. (1981)

Mutants of Salmonella typhimurium with spontaneous chromosomal resistance against oleandomycin, streptothricin, nalidixic acid and rifampicin were investigated for their virulence behaviour with the i.p. mouse model. The strains resistant against the special antibiotic consists of a spectrum of various clones with a different behaviour of virulence: Additionally to obvious unchanged virulent strains there are such with a weak or strong attenuation. The majority of the attenuated strains protect the immunized mice against a following lethal wild strain infection. High-immunogenic attenuated double-marker mutants for application as potential vaccine strains may be isolated with the aid of a step by step introduction of a second attenuating "resistance"-marker in a one-marker strain, attenuated for another reason. These strains show the following parameters: -stability under the conditions of practical vaccine application, because a simultaneous back-mutation in both attenuating markers by reason of the unrealizable germ numbers will not occur, -immunogenicity by one immunization only, -separation from homologous wild strains of another origin with simple laboratory methods. This obvious generally acting biological principle is explained on the basis of molecular biological considerations and by referring to the literature. A test for orientation using an attenuated RNA-polymerase mutant showed, the resistance against rifampicin and attenuation are transferred together by co-transduction.
An automated approach to mapping DSP algorithms onto transputer arrays (1988)

There is an increasing demand for low cost, high throughput multiprocessors on which to implement real-time DSP applications. A general purpose solution can be offered using an MIMD architecture. MIMD architectures can come in a variety of different forms. Loosely-coupled, homogeneous architectures are examined, because they offer infinite expandability and a low cost:processing ratio. One potential disadvantage of loosely-coupled architectures arises at run-time, when program and data have to be dynamically scheduled onto processors. Run-time scheduling overheads tend to curtail performance. However, many real-time DSP applications have a deterministic structure. This allows scheduling to be performed at compile-time, in a static fashion, and so reduce run-time overheads. Static scheduling involves mapping the application (in the form of a task graph) onto the processor architecture (in the form of a processor graph).
Effects of Corticosteroids on Noninvasive Biomarkers of Inflammation in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2004)

Exhaled breath analysis may be used to quantify inflammation and oxidative stress in the respiratory tract, in the differential diagnosis of airway diseases, and in the monitoring of therapy. The greatest progress has been made with standardized measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (NO). Bronchial NO is increased in asthma, correlated with other markers of inflammation, and reduced by treatment with corticosteroids and antileukotrienes. Alveolar NO is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reflecting disease severity and progression. Exhaled carbon monoxide and ethane are increased in both asthma and COPD. Increased concentrations of 8-isoprostane, hydrogen peroxide, nitrite, and nitrotyrosine are found in exhaled breath condensate from patients with inflammatory lung diseases. Increased levels of lipid mediators are also found, and the pattern depends on the nature of the disease process. Additional biomarkers are exhaled breath temperature, which is elevated in asthma and reduced in COPD, and bronchial blood flow. It is likely that smaller and more sensitive analyzers will extend the discriminatory value of exhaled breath analysis and that new techniques will become available to diagnose and monitor respiratory diseases in the family practice and home settings.
Tat HIV-1 Primary and Tertiary Structures Critical to Immune Response Against Non-homologous Variants (2002)

Clinical studies show that in the absence of anti-retroviral therapy an immune response against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), transacting transcriptional activator (Tat) protein correlates with long term non-progression. The purpose of this study is to try to understand what can trigger an effective immune response against Tat. We used five Tat variants from HIV strains identified in different parts of the world and showed that mutations of as much as 38% exist without any change in activity. Rabbit sera were raised against Tat variants identified in rapid-progressor patients (Tat HXB2, a European variant and Tat Eli, an African variant) and a long term non-progressor patient (Tat Oyi, an inactive African variant). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that anti-Tat Oyi serum had the highest antibody titer and was the only one to have a broad antibody response against heterologous Tat variants. Surprisingly, Tat HXB2 was better recognized by anti-Tat Oyi serum compared with anti-Tat HXB2 serum. Western blots showed that non-homologous Tat variants were recognized by antibodies directed against conformational epitopes. This study suggests that the primary and tertiary structures of the Tat variant from the long term non-progressor patient are critical to the induction of a broad and effective antibody response against Tat.
Automatic registration of spectrophotometric retinal images (2004)

This study is a part of the development of a system that enables analysis of spectrophotometric measurements of oxygen saturation in the retinal vasculature. A digital fundus camera is used to capture four spectral images using an image splitter with 542 nm, 558 nm, 586 nm and 605 nm band-pass filters. Before the spectral images can be used to analyze the optical density ratios they have to go through a preprocessing stage where they are registered together in software. The registration process is different from previous registration algorithms because the images are at very low resolution and therefore we propose a more data oriented method. To validate the registration we propose a method which uses the distance between edges in images. This method could be valuable to quantify the registration accuracy in more general image registration problems.
Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Diffusive Scattering in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>MgO</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi></mml:math>Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (2010)

By first principles analysis, we systematically investigate effects of oxygen vacancies (OV) in the MgO barrier of Fe/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions. The interchannel diffusive scattering by disordered OVs located at or near the Fe/MgO interface drastically reduces the tunnel magnetoresistance ratio (TMR) from the ideal theoretical limit to the presently observed much smaller experimental range. Interior OVs are far less important in influencing TMR, but they significantly increase the junction resistance. Filling OV with nitrogen atoms restores TMR to near the ideal theoretical limit.
Direct Observation of Rectified Motion of Vortices in a Niobium Superconductor (2005)

Using Lorentz microscopy to directly image vortices, we investigate vortex motion control and rectification in a niobium superconductor. We directly observe a net motion of vortices along microfabricated channels with a spatially asymmetric potential, even though the vortices were driven by an oscillatory field. By observing the individual motion of vortices, we clarify elementary processes involved in this rectification. To further demonstrate the ability to control the motion of vortices, we created a tiny vortex "racetrack" to monitor the motion of vortices in a closed circuit channel.
Questions for Light (2008)

Poetry by Jill Jones, photography by Bruno Leti. Edition of 22, designed and printed by Bruno Leti on Pedigree Ice Gold 120gsm paper. Artist book Extent: 1 v. : col. ill. ; 22 cm.
Aroma Tells a Thousand Pictures: Digital Scent Technology a New Chapter in IT Industry (2014)

The relevance of perception of smell and the corresponding olfactory communication changed, and attitudes of cultures towards olfaction differed through the ages. Finally enlightened philosophers declared odour and the sense of smell as immeasurable, unimportant and therefore unusable for scientific purpose. But, ironically, in the last few years more and more artistic multimedia installations used odours, scented products were sold and the increasing application of aroma therapy indicate a changed attitude towards social odours. Emotionalizing scents are largely used for influencing customers’ behaviour in sales rooms and scientists are currently investigating the mystery of smell. The technological progress meanwhile allows for measuring and reproducing odours. Therefore odours are also becoming interesting for technical information transfer or communication, especially in Human-Computer Interaction. Smell seems to be an unrecognised medium and a new channel in multi-media. This paper presents various dimensions about olfaction and focuses on ongoing research and future challenges in digitizing smell and its transmission over internet.
Simple One-Step Process for Immobilization of Biomolecules on Polymer Substrates Based on Surface-Attached Polymer Networks (2011)

For the miniaturization of biological assays, especially for the fabrication of microarrays, immobilization of biomolecules at the surfaces of the chips is the decisive factor. Accordingly, a variety of binding techniques have been developed over the years to immobilize DNA or proteins onto such substrates. Most of them require rather complex fabrication processes and sophisticated surface chemistry. Here, a comparatively simple immobilization technique is presented, which is based on the local generation of small spots of surface attached polymer networks. Immobilization is achieved in a one-step procedure: probe molecules are mixed with a photoactive copolymer in aqueous buffer, spotted onto a solid support, and cross-linked as well as bound to the substrate during brief flood exposure to UV light. The described procedure permits spatially confined surface functionalization and allows reliable binding of biological species to conventional substrates such as glass microscope slides as well as various types of plastic substrates with comparable performance. The latter also permits immobilization on structured, thermoformed substrates resulting in an all-plastic biochip platform, which is simple and cheap and seems to be promising for a variety of microdiagnostic applications.
Yield and Seed Quality of Soybean Cultivars Infected with <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (1998)

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) is one of the most important diseases of soybean in the United States. Five maturity group III cultivars, Asgrow A3304 STS (A3304), Pioneer Brand 9342 (P9342), Pioneer Brand 9381 (P9381), Probst, and Yale, grown in fields in east-central Illinois, were used to determine the relationship of SSR incidence to yield, 100-seed weight, seed protein and oil content, visual seed quality, and seed germination. In addition, the number of sclerotia in seed samples and the seedborne incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were determined. For each cultivar, at least 23 two-row plots, 3 m long, that represented a range of SSR incidence from low to high, were used to count the number of plants with and without SSR stem symptoms and were used to estimate yields and evaluate seed quality. Disease incidence ranged from 2 to 45% for Probst, 0 to 65% for P9381, 0 to 68% for P9342, 1 to 93% for Yale, and 0 to 95% for A3304. Regression of yields on SSR incidences for each cultivar was significant (P < 0.05); for every 10% increase in SSR incidence, yields were reduced by 147, 194, 203, 254, and 263 kg/ha for Probst, A3304, P9342, Yale, and P9381, respectively. Disease incidence was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with seed germination for all cultivars but Probst, and to oil content and seed weight for P9381 and Yale. Disease incidence was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with seed quality for all cultivars and to the number of sclerotia in harvested seeds for P9342, P9381, and Probst. The seedborne incidence of S. sclerotiorum was 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.7% in A3304, P9381, Yale, Probst, and P9342, respectively, and represents a significant potential for further spread of this pathogen and disease.
Digital controls for an omnidirectional wheelchair (1983)

Some issues in wheelchair control are considered. A vehicle with omnidirectional digital control is discussed as an example of the design philosophy followed at the US Veterans Administration Rehabilitation Research and Development Center during their development of some new-generation personal vehicles.