gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SONET equipment cost modeling based on AI technology (2003)

The SONET network was designed to reduce the complexity, cost and number of transmission systems in the public network. To gain the full economic and service benefits which SONET may offer, new network planning tools must be developed. Domain knowledge representation and the cost calculating algorithm are keystones for successful SONET planning. This paper presents a flexible SONET equipment cost modeling. The key concepts are generic equipment tree and a parameter controlled top-down search. All available SONET equipment can be represented in a tree structure. A feasible equipment configuration can be generated by the top-down search and control parameters to calculate the installed first cost of the required network elements in various applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Glycoprotein Hormone Assembly in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2004)

Glycoprotein hormone heterodimers are stabilized by their unusual structures in which a glycosylated loop of the alpha-subunit straddles a hole in the beta-subunit. This hole is formed when a cysteine at the end of a beta-subunit strand known as the "seatbelt" becomes "latched" by a disulfide to a cysteine in the beta-subunit core. The heterodimer is stabilized in part by the difficulty of threading the glycosylated end of the alpha-subunit loop 2 through this hole, a phenomenon required for subunit dissociation. Subunit combination in vitro, which occurs by the reverse process, can be accelerated by removing the alpha-subunit oligosaccharide. In cells, heterodimer assembly was thought to occur primarily by a mechanism in which the seatbelt is wrapped around the alpha-subunit after the subunits dock. Here we show that this "wraparound" process can be used to assemble disulfide cross-linked human choriogonadotropin analogs that contain an additional alpha-subunit cysteine, but only if the normal beta-subunit latch site has been removed. Normally, the seatbelt is latched before the subunits dock and assembly is completed when the glycosylated end of alpha-subunit loop 2 is threaded beneath the seatbelt. The unexpected finding that most assembly of human choriogonadotropin, human follitropin, and human thyrotropin heterodimers occurs in this fashion, indicates that threading may be an important phenomenon during protein folding and macromolecule assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum. We suggest that the unusual structures of the glycoprotein hormones makes them useful for identifying factors that influence this process in living cells.
Midazolam premedication for Ketamine-induced emergence phenomenon: A prospective observational study (2015)

Midazolam premedication in ketamine anesthesia effectively attenuated the hemodynamic pressor response and postoperative emergence phenomenon. Hence, the combination of midazolam with ketamine can be safely used for short surgical painful procedures in adults.
Analysis and Experimental Implementation of Grid Frequency Regulation Using Behind-the-Meter Batteries Compensating for Fast Load Demand Variations (2016)

This paper proposes a new grid frequency regulation (GFR) scheme using behind-the-meter battery energy storage systems (BESSs). The fast dynamic responses of the electrical BESSs enable buildings to compensate for the high-frequency components of load demand variations, through direct load control (DLC). An electrical system in a building, along with its building-level and device-level controllers, is considered to address the difficulties in the application of DLC, especially in communicating with several small-scale BESSs. A small-signal analysis is carried out using the aggregated responses of the generators and the DLC-enabled buildings to investigate the proposed GFR scheme, particularly with respect to the feedback controllers for the buildings. Simulation studies are performed using a test grid for various penetrations of the DLC-enabled buildings, and the test grid is implemented using a laboratory-scale microgrid. The proposed GFR is effective in reducing the frequency deviations and required reserve capacity of the generators, which is achieved by making small variations in the state-of-charge of the behind-the-meter battery.
Chip-package codesign flow for mixed-signal SiP designs (2006)

Design engineers are challenged with two separate entities: the chip and package designs. Because system-in-package integrates multiple dies into a package, design engineers should have a tool to easily combine the two entities. This article demonstrates a seven-die SiP design that implements a chip-and-package codesign platform using available EDA tools
Double blind comparison of the effects of cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and placebo on intragastric acidity in 30 normal volunteers. (1988)

Continuous measurement of 24 hour intragastric acidity was carried out in 30 normal volunteers during treatment with placebo, cimetidine 800 mg, ranitidine 300 mg, and famotidine 40 mg in a double blind study. Medication was taken after the evening meal (post cenam nocte, PCN). Median 24 hour acidity decreased with all H2-receptor antagonists from 25.1 mmol/l on placebo to 10 mmol/l (-60.1%) during cimetidine, to 3.2 mmol/l (-87.25%) during ranitidine and to 2.5 mmol/l (-90.0%) during famotidine treatment (p less than 0.0005). All drugs significantly inhibited night time acidity but only famotidine decreased acidity during the late morning compared with placebo. Significantly greater acid reduction was seen with famotidine and ranitidine compared with cimetidine but no difference was found between famotidine and ranitidine.
Differences in Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in a Macrophage-Like Cell Line, RAW264.7 Cells, Treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the Presence or Absence of Interferon-  (IFN- ): Possible Heterogeneity of iNOS Activity (1997)

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities were compared in a macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7 cells, treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone or with LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). An about 5-6-fold higher amount of NO2-originating from the nitric oxide radical (.NO) was produced in the culture supernatant of macrophages treated with LPS + IFN-gamma than with LPS alone, depending on both the time of incubation and the dose of LPS. However, the difference in the amounts of iNOS protein in these macrophage extracts was much greater than that in the amount of released NO2-. To estimate the NOS activity after induction of NOS at 37 degrees C for 8 h, we examined both intact cells and cell extracts. The cells were washed and re-incubated in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) containing 1 mM L-arginine and 100 microM carboxy-PTIO, which enabled us to detect trace amounts of .NO by means of rapid reaction of carboxy PTIO with .NO to form .NO2, which was finally converted to NO2-. The results showed an about 7-fold difference between the macrophages pretreated with LPS alone and those with LPS + IFN-gamma. Using the extracts, the NOS activity was assayed with L-[U-14C]arginine as a substrate for NOS in vitro, and the results again revealed an about 7-fold difference between the two types of cell extracts. A kinetic study of the NOS activity by means of in vitro assay suggested that there was little difference in Km value for L-arginine between these two iNOSs. However, it revealed two apparent Kms for beta-NADPH, a co-factor of NOS; one was about 0.4 microM, which was common to these two iNOSs, and the other was about 1.5 and 25 microM for LPS-induced NOS and LPS + IFN-gamma-induced NOS, respectively. The cellular concentration of beta-NADPH was around 14 microM in both LPS- and LPS + IFN-gamma-treated macrophages. These results suggest that there is some heterogeneity of iNOSs induced in macrophages with LPS alone and with LPS + IFN-gamma, and the heterogeneity seems to be due at least in part to the requirement for beta-NADPH.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (1999)

Erectile dysfunction is a common condition associated with aging, chronic illnesses and various modifiable risk factors. Normal penile erection is a hemodynamic process that is dependent on corporal smooth muscle relaxation mediated by parasympathetic neurotransmission, nitric oxide, and possibly other regulatory factors and electrophysiological events. As more knowledge is gained of the physiology and regulatory factors that mediate normal erectile function, the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction should be further elucidated.
A Linear Phase Modulator for a Short-Hop Microwave Radio System (1972)

A linear phase modulator is a useful component in a short-hop radio system using digital modulation. Such a modulator has been designed, built, and tested for 4-level operation at a carrier frequency of 300 MHz and for a line rate of 20 megabits. In this paper, the design and the performance of the modulator are presented. Measurements on the phase modulator show that the performance is in agreement with the theory.
Depth Of Polymerization Of Visible Light Activated Composite Resins (1986)

This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au
The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (2003)

The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/), maintained at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), incorporates, organizes and distributes nucleotide sequences from public sources. The database is a part of an international collaboration with DDBJ (Japan) and GenBank (USA). Data are exchanged between the collaborating databases on a daily basis to achieve optimal synchrony. The web-based tool, Webin, is the preferred system for individual submission of nucleotide sequences, including Third Party Annotation (TPA) and alignment data. Automatic submission procedures are used for submission of data from large-scale genome sequencing centres and from the European Patent Office. Database releases are produced quarterly. The latest data collection can be accessed via FTP, email and WWW interfaces. The EBI's Sequence Retrieval System (SRS) integrates and links the main nucleotide and protein databases as well as many other specialist molecular biology databases. For sequence similarity searching, a variety of tools (e.g. FASTA and BLAST) are available that allow external users to compare their own sequences against the data in the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database, the complete genomic component subsection of the database, the WGS data sets and other databases. All available resources can be accessed via the EBI home page at http://www.ebi.ac.uk.
[Periodate oxidation in chemistry of nucleic acid. Dialdehyde derivatives of nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides]. (2000)

The employment of periodate oxidation in the chemistry of nucleic acids and their components is reviewed. The reaction mechanism, structural requirements to substrates, and synthesis of dialdehyde derivatives of nucleosides, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides are discussed in the first part. The second part involves chemical, physicochemical, and biological properties of the dialdehyde derivatives, as well as their use for the affinity modifications of proteins.
Studies of the aging of nafion<sup>®</sup>/silicate nanocomposites using <sup>29</sup>Si solid state NMR spectroscopy (2001)

Abstract Sol‐gel reactions of tetraethylorthosilicate were conducted within the nanophase‐separated morphology of Nafion® films to yield Nafion®/silicate nanocomposites. The chemical aging of silicate phase molecular structure when the nanocomposites were exposed to (1) ambient air, (2) applied heat, (3) liquid water, (4) methanol reflux, and (5) heated sulfuric acid was explored by means of 29 Si solid state NMR spectroscopy. In particular, the characteristic chemical shifts and relative Intensities of peaks that identify Q n = (HO) 4‐n Si(OSi) n molecular subunits in silicate structures were determined for samples exposed to these aging conditions. Shifts in the Q peak distribution reflected the evolution of degree of Si atom coordination about SiO 4 units. The coordination states are always Q 4 and Q 3 although a small Q 2 population is occasionally present. Thus, a significant degree of silicate phase coordination can develop despite constraints posed by the Nafion® medium. Percent Q 4 increases in all cases but then reaches a maximum after which it decreases, the greatest de‐polymerization being for samples aged in water. The greatest increase in Q 4 relative to the un‐aged control occurred for samples heated at 100°C. Exposure to ambient air produced changes in Q 4 that were small, but not insignificant. While the initial increase in Si atom substitution around SiO 4 units can be rationalized in terms of gradual condensation reactions between residual SiOH groups, accompanied by the liberation of water molecules and their removal from the site of the reaction, the eventual decrease in coordination is not currently understood.
The Incidence of Herpes Zoster (1995)

The recorded incidence of herpes zoster was 64% higher than that reported 30 years ago; the age-standardized rate was more than twofold higher. Immunosuppressive conditions had little impact on overall incidence, although they were strongly associated with early recurrences.
High-Concentration Preparation of Silver Nanowires: Restraining <i>in Situ</i> Nitric Acidic Etching by Steel-Assisted Polyol Method (2008)

A steel-assisted polyol method has been proposed for the preparation of Ag nanowires (AgNWs) at high AgNO3 concentrations of up to 0.5 M. The average diameter of products could be adjusted from approximately 100 to 300 nm by increasing the synthetic concentration. It was found that in situ nitric acidic etching was a fatal factor for the stability of the multiply twinned particles (MTPs), which were the seeds of AgNWs in the polyol synthesis system. The introduction of stainless steel could effectively consume the in situ generated nitric acid through a corrosion reaction between them, hence enabling the survival of MTPs for the consequent growth of AgNWs.
Blend of polyimide having internal acetylene units and oligoimide end‐capped with biphenylenes (1990)

Abstract A N ‐Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solution of polymic acid having internal acetylene units in the backbone was mixed with a NMP solution of oligomeric amic acid end‐capped with biphenylenes to afford a miscible solution. The viscosity of polymic acid solution lowered considerably by the addition of oligomers, which could lead to improved processability. The amic acid mixture was thermally or chemically cyclized to give a blend of internal‐reactive polymide and end‐reactive oligoimide. Films of imide blends were easily prepared by casting solutions of the amic acid blends followed by imidization. The imide blends were thermally cured at 400°C for 10 min to give cross‐linked polyimides that showed excellent thermal stability as confirmed by DSC, TGA, TMA, and viscoelastic analyses of the cured films. A selective co‐crosslinking reaction between biphenylene in the oligomide and acetylene in the polyimide to give phenanthrene linkage is supposed to be the cause of the high thermal stability.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon Coated With Fe2O3 (2017)

In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe 3 O 4 (GSAC-Fe 3 O 4 ) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
A TSK-Type Neurofuzzy Network Approach to System Modeling Problems (2005)

We develop a neurofuzzy network technique to extract TSK-type fuzzy rules from a given set of input-output data for system modeling problems. Fuzzy clusters are generated incrementally from the training dataset, and similar clusters are merged dynamically together through input-similarity, output-similarity, and output-variance tests. The associated membership functions are defined with statistical means and deviations. Each cluster corresponds to a fuzzy IF-THEN rule, and the obtained rules can be further refined by a fuzzy neural network with a hybrid learning algorithm which combines a recursive singular value decomposition-based least squares estimator and the gradient descent method. The proposed technique has several advantages. The information about input and output data subspaces is considered simultaneously for cluster generation and merging. Membership functions match closely with and describe properly the real distribution of the training data points. Redundant clusters are combined, and the sensitivity to the input order of training data is reduced. Besides, generation of the whole set of clusters from the scratch can be avoided when new training data are considered.
Clinical pharmacology of tamoxifen in patients with breast cancer: Correlation with clinical data (1981)

Blood tamoxifen levels were determined for patients with metastatic breast cancer following initial and chronic dosing at twice daily 10 mg/m2 or a 20 mg/m2 single dose. Median time to response was six weeks. Blood tamoxifen levels at that time were ten-fold greater than those obtained after an initial single dose; however, steady-state values were not achieved until 16 weeks of chronic dosing. On a loading dose schedule of 40 mg/m2 twice daily for seven days and 20 mg/m2 daily thereafter, blood levels greater than or equal to 10 mg/m2 twice daily steady-state values were reached in one week. Levels drawn at peak and trough times suggest that tamoxifen may be given on a once-daily basis. Tamoxifen half-life was 9-12 hours after the initial dose and seven days after chronic dosing.
Pharmacophore and QSAR Studies to Design Novel Histone Deacetylase 2 Inhibitors (2012)

One pharmacophore model and three quantitative structure-activity relationship models were developed on a series of benzimidazole and imidazole inhibitors of histone deacetylase 2. The goodness of hit score value of the best pharmacophore model was 0.756, which indicated that it is reliable to be used for virtual screening. The built pharmacophore model was used to search the NCI database. The hit compounds were subjected to molecular docking. The results showed that 25 compounds had high scores and strong interactions with histone deacetylase 2. In three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship studies, good predictive models were obtained using comparative molecular field analysis, comparative molecular similarity indices analysis, and Topomer comparative molecular field analysis. Some putative active compounds were proposed based on compound no. 41. Twenty-six compounds had high scores and good interactions when they were docking into histone deacetylase 2.
Biochemical and Biophysical Characterization of the Cell Wall Porin of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i>:  The Channel Is Formed by a Low Molecular Mass Polypeptide (1998)

The cell wall of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum contains a channel (porin) for the passage of hydrophilic solutes. The channel-forming protein was identified, by lipid bilayer experiments, in the cell envelope fractions isolated by sucrose-density centrifugations and in organic solvent of whole cells. It was purified to homogeneity by fast-protein liquid chromatography across a Mono-Q column. The pure protein had a rather low molecular mass of about 5 kDa as judged by SDS-PAGE, which suggested that the cell wall channel is formed by a protein oligomer. The monomer has according to partial sequencing no significant homology to known protein sequences. The purified protein formed large ion-permeable channels in lipid bilayer membranes from phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine mixtures with a single-channel conductance of 5.5 nS in 1 M KCl. Experiments with different salts suggested that the cell wall channel of C. glutamicum was highly cation-selective caused by negative charges localized at the channel mouth. The analysis of the single-channel conductance data using the Renkin correction factor suggested that the diameter of the cell wall channel is about 2.2 nm. Channel-forming properties of the cell wall channel of C. glutamicum were compared with those of mycobacteria. These channels share common features because they form large and water-filled channels that contain point net charges.
Correspondence Education (1969)

Since Part III of the Education Act 1944 came into force, under which independent schools are required to seek registration by the Department of Education and Science, correspondence education has been the one significant sector of the educational system for the quality of which no public agency takes at least some measure of responsibility. Only now, with the appointment of the Correspondence College Accreditation Council, is a public stake being established in this field.
Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Control: We Didn't Start the Fire, but It's Time to Put It Out (2006)

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Single-Channel 480-Gb/s Direct Detection of POL-MUX IQ Signal Using Single-Sideband Stokes Vector Receiver (2018)

We propose the single-sideband Stokes vector receiver to demultiplex a 4-D signal that fundamentally solves the carrier fading of POL-MUX direct detection, verified by a POL-MUX 60-Gbaud 16-QAM transmission over 80-km SSMF with digital dispersion post-compensation.
Embryogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration from Callus of Hibiscus acetosella1 (1983)

Abstract Plantlets have been produced by germination of somatic embryos derived from callus of Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex. Hiern. Five of the media used were based on Nitsch and Nitsch's Medium H (purchased formulated without IAA or sucrose). To this base were added, per liter: 40 g glucose for NH; 10 g sucrose for NH-1; 40 g sucrose, 1 mg 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 1 mg 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin) for RM-1; 40 g glucose, 250 mg NaH 2 PO 4 ·H 2 O, 28 mg FeC 6 H 5 O 7 ·nH 2 O, 100 mg i-inositol, 30 mg adenine, 0.1 mg (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride (chlormequat), and 4 mg 2,4-D for SEM-1; and 40 g glucose, 0.1 mg chlormequat, 0.05 mg B-napthoxyacetic acid (NOA), and 10 mg 2-isopentyladenine (2iP) for HC. The B 5 medium was Gamborg's B 5 without 2,4-D. All media contained 8 g agar and had the pH adjusted to 5.7 prior to autoclaving. Primary explants placed on HC produced adventitious shoots and callus. When callus explants from HC or primary explants of roots were placed on RM-1, a callus containing embryoid-like structures was produced. Torpedo stage embryos were induced by subculturing this callus from RM-1 on SEM-1 and could be proliferated by sequential transfer from SEM-1 to RM-1, then back to SEM-1. When callus containing torpedo-stage embryos was transferred to B 5 , the embryos germinated and produced rudimentary plantlets with elongated hypocotyls, short roots, and small cotyledons. These developed into plants when transferred to NH-1.