gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Gulf [Gulf Research and Development County] airborne magnetometer (1948)

Abstract Airborne-magnetometer operations involve two basic problems: (1) measurement of the magnetic-field intensity; (2) navigation of the aircraft to provide the desired profile configuration and accurate mapping of the profiles flown. Currently the navigation and mapping presents the most serious problem if the operation is to be made completely airborne. A brief outline of the magnetometer instrumentation is presented, together with a discussion of the mapping problem. Examples of results are presented.
Solubility in CO<sub>2</sub>and swelling studies by in situIR spectroscopy of vegetable-based epoxidized oils as polyurethane precursors (2011)

The phase behaviour of carbon dioxide/vegetable based epoxidized oil (VBEO) mixtures has been investigated at three different temperatures (40, 70 and 100 °C) and pressures ranging between 0.1 and 20 MPa. The measurements have been performed using an efficient in situFTIR method that allowed us to determine the variation of the concentration of each component in the two phases (CO2 rich phase and VBEO rich phase) as a function of temperature and pressure. Several epoxidized mono-, di- and tri-glyceride derivatives have been tested. The solubility of these epoxidized oils in the CO2 rich phase and the swelling of the VBEO rich phase resulting from the CO2 sorption have been investigated. From these concentration measurements, we could establish the pressure–composition phase diagrams of these VBEO/CO2 binary mixtures. The three studied monoglyceride derivatives were found to be more soluble in CO2 and more easily swelled by CO2 in comparison to the di- and tri-glyceride derivatives. Nevertheless, it was found that a significant amount of CO2 was incorporated in all these VBEO at relatively moderate pressures. Thus, we expect these VBEO to be good candidates for performing carbonation reaction to generate in good yields vegetable-based cyclic carbonates as polyurethane precursors.
Immunological Microenvironments in the Human Vagina and Cervix: Mediators of Cellular Immunity Are Concentrated in the Cervical Transformation Zone1 (2005)

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is key to defense against intracellular pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis and viruses that infect the lower female genital tract, but little is known about CMI at this site. Recent studies indicate that there are immunological microenvironments within the female genital tract, and that immune functions are affected by hormones as well as infections and inflammatory processes. To determine the distribution of mediators of CMI within the lower female genital tract, we have enumerated and characterized T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer and antigen presenting cells (APCs; macrophages and dendritic cells) in the introitus, vagina, ectocervix, endocervix and cervical transformation zone (TZ) from healthy women, and have examined the effects of the menstrual cycle, menopause and inflammation on these parameters. In women without inflammation, T cells and APCs were most prevalent in the cervical TZ and surrounding tissue. Intraepithelial lymphocytes were predominantly CD8+ T cell+; most CD8+ cells in the TZ and endocervix, and a proportion of cells in the ectocervix, expressed T-cell internal antigen-1, a marker of cytotoxic potential. In contrast, the normal vaginal mucosa contained few T cells and APCs. Cervicitis and vaginitis cases had increased numbers of intraepithelial CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytes and APCs. The menstrual cycle and menopause had no apparent effect on cellular localization or abundance in any of the lower genital tract tissues. These data indicate that the cervix, especially the TZ, is the major inductive and effector site for CMI in the lower female genital tract. Because CD4+ T cells and APCs are primary host cells for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), these data also provide further evidence that the cervix is a primary infection site of HIV-1, and that inflammation increases the risk of HIV transmission.
CALLUS PRODUCTION AND REGENERATION OF MEDICINAL PLANT PAPAVER PSEUDO-ORIENTALE UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS (2012)

Papaver pseudo-orientale in section Oxytona of Papaver genus is an important source of alkaloids such as isothebaine. In this research, callus production and regeneration of this species from hipocotyl-cotyledon explants under in vitro conditions were investigated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Gamborg (B5) basic media supplemented with different levels of Kinetin (Kin), Benzyladenine (BA) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 16-h photoperiod and 20 Â°C. Analysis of variance showed significant (P
Secretion of heterologous gene products to the culture medium of<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1986)

Different constructs containing fragments of the Staphylococcal protein A gene have been introduced in Escherichia coli and the effect on expression and translocation of the various heterologous gene products have been studied. By reversing the orientation of the different protein A gene constructions in the plasmid vector, a dramatic 20-fold difference in expression was obtained, accompanied with secretion of the gene product to the culture medium. Similar results were obtained by "heat-shock" treatment of the E.coli host cells. These results suggest the presence in the protein A gene of a stress induced promoter, functional in E.coli. The system was used to efficiently secrete a fusion protein consisting of a protein A fragment and human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to the culture medium of E.coli HB101. The fusion protein was purified from the culture medium by IgG affinity chromatography in a one-step procedure giving more than 95% yield.
Nanodomain manipulation for ultrahigh density ferroelectric data storage (2006)

Nanosized inverted domain dots in ferroelectric materials have potential application in ultrahigh density rewritable data storage systems. Herein, a data storage system is presented based on scanning non-linear dielectric microscopy and a thin film of ferroelectric single-crystal lithium tantalite. Through domain engineering, we succeeded in forming our smallest artificial nanodomain single dot at 5.1 nm diameter and an artificial nanodomain dot array with a memory density of 10.1 Tbit inch(-2) and a bit spacing of 8.0 nm, representing the highest memory density for rewritable data storage reported to date. Subnanosecond (500 ps) domain switching speed has also been achieved. Next, actual information storage with a low bit error and high memory density was performed. A bit error ratio of less than 1 × 10(-4) was achieved at an areal density of 258 Gbit inch(-2). Moreover, actual information storage is demonstrated at a density of 1 Tbit inch(-2).
Sarcoidosis (2007)

Sarcoidosis affects people of all racial and ethnic groups and occurs at any age, although usually before the age of 50 years. The incidence of sarcoidosis varies widely throughout the world, probably because of differences in environmental exposures, case-surveillance methods, and predisposing HLA alleles, along with other genetic factors. This article summarizes advances in our understanding of sarcoidosis and addresses pitfalls in its diagnosis and treatment.
Differential excretion of modified nucleosides in adult acute leukemia (1983)

Excretion of modified nucleosides in urine was measured in 23 adults with acute leukemia to determine correlation of nucleoside excretion with disease activity. In addition, differences in excretion between patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were established. Six modified nucleosides were resolved and quantitated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Patients with ALL at initial diagnosis or in relapse had significantly higher concentrations of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine in their urine compared to patients in remission (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). One patient with ALL was followed with serial nucleoside determinations over a period of 18 mo; nucleoside excretion correlated closely with disease activity. Nucleoside excretion in patients with AML did not change significantly with disease activity. Considering only those patients at initial diagnosis or in relapse, excretion of 1- methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine was significantly higher in ALL than in AML (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05, respectively). Thus, urinary excretion of 1-methylinosine and N2,N2-dimethylguanosine by adults with acute leukemia may prove to be valuable clinically in following disease activity in patients with ALL and in distinguishing patients with ALL from those with AML.
Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Taiwan: Epidemiological Study. (1991)

We conducted a seroepidemiological survey for antibodies to bovine leukemia virus (BLV), by using agar gel immunodiffusion technique, in dairy cows, water buffaloes, and yellow cattle throughout Taiwan. The positive reactors were 8.4% (376/4,459) in 1985 and 5.8% (1,277/22,190) in 1986, in 15 prefectures and 7 cities. Relatively high infection rate appeared in the northern and southern areas of Taiwan. Positive reactors increased gradually with age. The incidence of positive antibodies was 2 to 3 times higher in pasture-style farms than in housed-style farms. Among the 6,313 imported cattle, 302 (4.8%) showed positive reaction. Between 1985 and 1987, 5 cattle showed enzootic bovine leukosis among 351 sero-positive reactors in four highly positive prefectures. Survey of 134 water buffaloes and yellow cattle showed no positive reactors. This survey demonstrated that BLV-infection has increased over the years and spread throughout Taiwan.
Discovering the plant world (2001)

Summary Prance, G. T.: Discovering the plant world. – Taxon 50: 345–359. 2001. – ISSN 0040‐0262. The last fifty years have been a time of accelerated plant collection, especially in the tropics. However, this is a race against time since the destruction of natural habitats has also increased dramatically. The rate at which collecting is still adding new species of flowering plants indicates that the inventory is not nearly complete, and that the past estimates of total species numbers are low and should be increased to 320,000. The production of florulas and quantitative inventories of small areas of the tropics, accompanied by intensive fieldwork, has greatly helped to improve the level of inventory. Future collecting should be carefully targeted towards areas that are particularly threatened, such as those defined as hotspots, and also collection of rare species rather than repeated over‐collection of widely distributed common taxa. Future collecting should also gather material for ancillary studies such as molecular work and evolutionary development.
Histochemical localization of IGF-I and -II mRNA in the developing rat embryo (1987)

We describe the histological localization of embryonic and fetal tissues whose cells express the genes coding for insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) in the developing rat. Our studies span the period between early somite stages and full term. We have used oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes and obtained results which are both topographically precise and highly reproducible. The gene coding for IGF-II is predominant throughout development. It is strongly expressed in the liver and yolk sac. A variety of other tissues also expresses the IGF-II gene, especially many mesodermally derived structures in the process of differentiation. Many tissues do not express IGF genes. Thus no IGF mRNA was demonstrable in ectodermally derived structures, including the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as the skin and its derivatives.
Identification of New Hub Genes Associated with Bladder Carcinoma via Bioinformatics Analysis (2015)

Genes such as POLR2F/2H, RPS14/15, ITGA7, GRB14, CDC20 and PSMB1 were forecast to play important roles in the occurrence and progression of BC.
Induction of emphysema and bronchial mucus cell hyperplasia by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide in the hamster (1992)

The aim of this study was to determine whether lipopolysaccharide-induced elastase release from recruited neutrophils in the hamster lung would induce emphysema, measured by mean linear intercept (Lm) and bronchial mucus cell hyperplasia (BMCH), scored in tissue sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was instilled transorally twice a week for up to 5 weeks in hamsters. At 4 weeks after seven LPS instillations, Lm amounted to 87.6 +/- 1.2 microns, while it was 68.3 +/- 1.5 microns after seven saline instillations (P less than 0.01). At 6 months after the sixth LPS instillation, the Lm of these lungs was 83.3 +/- 1.6 microns, indicating irreversible tissue destruction. LPS-treated hamsters showed marked to severe BMCH, which was most evident in large intrapulmonary airways. Instillations of highly selective inhibitor of hamster PMN elastase resulted in 50 per cent inhibition of LPS-induced emphysema. The development of BMCH was inhibited by approximately 35 per cent by this agent. To study the response in time of cellular infiltration after a single LPS instillation, the lungs of groups of four hamsters were lavaged at different time points. PMN recruitment showed peak values at 4 and 48 h after LPS instillation and returned to baseline values at 96 h. Simultaneous intratracheal instillation of LPS and anti-TNF alpha antiserum resulted in a considerable reduction of neutrophil influx into bronchoalveolar spaces in the first 6 h after instillation.
An Improved Synthesis of 1,3- and 1,4-Bis[5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-,y1]benzenes via Oxidation of Bis-aroylhydrazones of Iso- and Terephthalaldehyde with Lead(IV) Acetate (1986)

The oxidation of bis-aroylhydrazones of iso- and terephthalaldehyde with lead(IV) acetate leading to 1,3- and 1,4-bis[5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]benzenes is described.
Temperature-independent 80 Gbit/s OTDM transmissionexperiment using zero-dispersion-flattened transmission line (2000)

Temperature-independent 80 Gbit/s optical time-division-multiplexed signal transmission using a 168 km zero-dispersion-flattened transmission line has been successfully demonstrated over a 50°C temperature range. The temperature-coefficient of the average dispersion of the transmission line was 1.2 × 10-5 ps/nm/km/°C while that of a conventional dispersion-shifted fibre was 2.1 × 10-3 ps/nm/km/°C.
Multi-Agent Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning by Integrating Options into MAXQ (2006)

MAXQ is a new framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning. But the MAXQ framework cannot decompose all subtasks into more refined hierarchies and the hierarchies are difficult to be discovered automatically. In this paper, a multi-agent hierarchical reinforcement learning approach, named OptMAXQ, by integrating Options into MAXQ is presented. In the OptMAXQ framework, the MAXQ framework is used to introduce knowledge into reinforcement learning and the option framework is used to construct hierarchies automatically. The performance of OptMAXQ is demonstrated in two-robot trash collection task and compared with MAXQ. The simulation results show that the OptMAXQ is more practical than MAXQ in partial known environment
Fabrication of Microbial Biofilm Arrays by Geometric Control of Cell Adhesion (2009)

This paper presents a technique for patterning arrays of microbial biofilms on a wide range of different substrates using thin polymer stencils. The stencils function as "scaffolds" that provide geometric control over cell adhesion on surfaces and confine biofilm growth to specific regions of a substrate. We demonstrate the fabrication of biofilm arrays with features (e.g., individual biofilms) as small as 50 microm in diameter with physiological characteristics that are reproducible. Biofilm arrays of a range of microorganisms can be produced using this technique, including: P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, V. fischeri, E. coli, and C. albicans. This approach provides a simple, user-configurable, and relatively inexpensive method for growing biofilms in both static and flow conditions. The method described in this paper makes it possible to study the chemical, physical, and environmental factors that affect biofilm development in a statistically relevant and reproducible format.
Laser communications: From terrestrial broadband to deep-space (2014)

In response to an ever increasing demand for higher bandwidth, the free space optical (laser) communications technology has now matured to the point that is has commenced commercial use in Earth orbit at multi-Gb/s data-rates, and is on the verge of being demonstrated for the first time from other planets. This technology has long been used in terrestrial multi Gb/s data-rate links. The talk will provide an overview of state-of-the-art in technology implemented in terrestrial broadband links, and spacecraft telecommunications from near-Earth to deep space at unprecedented data-rates.
A Microperfusion Chamber for Study of Mammalian Spermatozoa (1988)

The design of a microperfusion chamber is presented for use with spermatozoa or other cell suspensions. This chamber allows perfusion of a small number of spermatozoa during simultaneous observation of cell behavior at the microscope. The chamber is made from a flat glass capillary tube that is fitted at both ends with a filter unit containing Millipore filter discs. The entire assembly is designed to fit the stage of an inverted microscope. A population containing as few as several hundred sperm cells may be observed in the chamber during successive changes of the suspending medium as controlled by a perfusion pump. Several experiments are presented demonstrating sperm survival in the sealed chamber and the response of rabbit and human sperm motility after the washing process. For these manipulations, the percentage of motile cells, linear swimming speed and incidence of hyperactivated motility are reported. Simple incubation in the chamber for 1 hour was not deleterious to the motility of rabbit spermatozoa. Human seminal spermatozoa showed no decline in vigorous motility after the washing procedure. Compared with in vitro capacitated spermatozoa, however, washing of rabbit seminal spermatozoa showed a variable response. Finally, partially capacitated human spermatozoa were examined for any alteration of motility during chamber incubation with a subsequent wash. When small numbers of spermatozoa or other cell types must be manipulated, the methodology can be effectively substituted for the standard washing procedure that uses repeated centrifugation and resuspension.
33 nm ultra-shallow junction technology by oxygen-free and point-defect reduction process (2002)

This paper investigates the effect of I/I point-defect and the impact of surface-oxide during RTA, and proposes a novel junction formation process for realizing ultra-shallow junctions. In this technology, SD-extensions are fabricated using 0.5 keV ultra-low energy single-B I/I without gate-sidewall spacers nor screen-oxide, followed by high temperature (1000/spl deg/C) RTA in pure-N/sub 2/ ambient without cover-oxide. These conditions realize shallow extensions (33 nm) with low sheet-resistance (660 /spl Omega//sq) and low off-current for PMOS-FETs. Ge pre-amorphization (5 keV) technology is applied to the deep-SD fabrication by 2 keV B implantation. This Ge pre-amorphization technique decreases the point-defects caused by the deep-SD implantation; resulting in the reduction of transient enhanced diffusion of SD-extension regions. These conditions for both the SD-extensions and deep-SDs are essential to achieve deep sub-quarter micron MOS-FETs by implantation technology.
Normal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function in Mice with Enforced Expression of the Hippo Signaling Effector YAP1 (2012)

The Hippo pathway has recently been implicated in the regulation of organ size and stem cells in multiple tissues. The transcriptional cofactor yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1) is the most downstream effector of Hippo signaling and is functionally repressed by the upstream components of the pathway. Overexpression of YAP1 stimulates proliferation of stem and progenitor cells in many tissues, consistent with inhibition of Hippo signaling. To study the role of Hippo signaling in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), we created a transgenic model with inducible YAP1 expression exclusively within the hematopoietic system. Following 3 months induction, examination of blood and bone marrow in the induced mice revealed no changes in the distribution of the hematopoietic lineages compared to control mice. Moreover, the progenitor cell compartment was unaltered as determined by colony forming assays and immunophenotyping. To address whether YAP1 affects the quantity and function of HSCs we performed competitive transplantation experiments. We show that ectopic YAP1 expression does not influence HSC function neither during steady state nor in situations of hematopoietic stress. This is in sharp contrast to effects seen on stem- and progenitor cells in other organs and suggests highly tissue specific functions of the Hippo pathway in regulation of stem cells.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in high vascular risk (2017)

ARB use appears to be associated with 10% lower rates of CV events compared with ACEIs, especially in patients with established CV disease. Our results suggest that ARBs may provide superior protection against CV events than ACEIs in high-risk patients in real-world practice.
A Novel Rate and Channel Control Scheme Based on Data Extraction Rate for LoRa Networks (2019)

Long Range (LoRa) has become one of the most popular Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technologies, which provides a desirable trade-off among communication range, battery life, and deployment cost. In LoRa networks, several transmission parameters can be allocated to ensure efficient and reliable communication. For example, the configuration of the spreading factor allows tuning the data rate and the transmission distance. However, how to dynamically adjust the setting that minimizes the collision probability while meeting the required communication performance is an open challenge. This paper proposes a novel Data Rate and Channel Control (DRCC) scheme for LoRa networks so as to improve wireless resource utilization and support a massive number of LoRa nodes. The scheme estimates channel conditions based on the short-term Data Extraction Rate (DER), and opportunistically adjusts the spreading factor to adapt the variation of channel conditions. Furthermore, the channel control is carried out to balance the link load of all available channels with the global information of the channel usage, which is able to lower the access collisions under dense deployments. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed DRCC performs well on improving the reliability and capacity compared with other spreading factor allocation schemes in dense deployment scenarios.
Network bandwidth sharing for transporting rate-adaptive packet video using feedback (2002)

This paper presents a framework for network bandwidth sharing to transport rate-adaptive packet video using feedback. We show how a weight-based bandwidth sharing policy can be used to allocate network bandwidth among competing video connections and design a feedback control algorithm using the available bit rate (ABR) flow control mechanism. A novel video source rate adaptation algorithm is introduced to decouple a video source's actual transmission rate from the rate used for the protocol convergence. We also demonstrate how an on-line minimum rate renegotiation and weight adjustment mechanisms can be employed to further enhance the flexibility of our feedback control protocol.