gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proof of Concept: Pharmacological Preconditioning with a Toll-like Receptor Agonist Protects against Cerebrovascular Injury in a Primate Model of Stroke (2011)

Cerebral ischemic injury is a significant portion of the burden of disease in developed countries; rates of mortality are high and the costs associated with morbidity are enormous. Recent therapeutic approaches have aimed at mitigating the extent of damage and/or promoting repair once injury has occurred. Often, patients at high risk of ischemic injury can be identified in advance and targeted for antecedent neuroprotective therapy. Agents that stimulate the innate pattern recognition receptor, Toll-like receptor 9, have been shown to induce tolerance (precondition) to ischemic brain injury in a mouse model of stroke. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that pharmacological preconditioning against cerebrovascular ischemic injury is also possible in a nonhuman primate model of stroke in the rhesus macaque. The model of stroke used is a minimally invasive transient vascular occlusion, resulting in brain damage that is primarily localized to the cortex and as such, represents a model with substantial clinical relevance. Finally, K-type (also referred to as B-type) cytosine-guanine-rich DNA oligonucleotides, the class of agents employed in this study, are currently in use in human clinical trials, underscoring the feasibility of this treatment in patients at risk of cerebral ischemia.
Xenobiotic Biotransfor Mation/Bioactivation in Organogenesis-Stage Conceptal Tissues: Implications for Embryotoxicity and Teratogenesis (1992)

(1992). Xenobiotic Biotransfor Mation/Bioactivation in Organogenesis-Stage Conceptal Tissues: Implications for Embryotoxicity and Teratogenesis. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 195-238.
A model for SNMP based performance management services (2002)

This paper presents an SNMP-based management framework that can be used to monitor and control the performance of resources in a TCP/IP network. For the monitoring of diachronic network performance a set of indicators related to the host interfaces and to the TCP/IP implementation are defined. The layered architecture of the network management application and the performance services provided by each layer are also described. Moreover, an approach for collecting and efficiently storing the management information in a database, is proposed. The database schema reflects the MIB structure and includes time information as well. Finally, a brief description of the prototype that implements the proposed management concept is included in this paper.
Laminoplasty Techniques for the Treatment of Multilevel Cervical Stenosis (2012)

Laminoplasty is one surgical option for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. It was developed to avoid the significant risk of complications associated with alternative surgical options such as anterior decompression and fusion and laminectomy with or without posterior fusion. Various laminoplasty techniques have been described. All of these variations are designed to reposition the laminae and expand the spinal canal while retaining the dorsal elements to protect the dura from scar formation and to preserve postoperative cervical stability and alignment. With the right surgical indications, reliable results can be expected with laminoplasty in treating patients with multilevel cervical myelopathy.
Oxygen consumption is depressed in patients with lactic acidosis due to biguanide intoxication (2010)

VO2 is abnormally low in patients with lactic acidosis due to biguanide intoxication. This finding is in line with the hypothesis of inhibited mitochondrial respiration and consequent hyperlactatemia.
The Effect of the Deposition Conditions on the Electrodeposition of Si Nanopillars in TMHATFSI (2013)

Si nanopillars were prepared by electrodeposition from SiCl 4 in an ionic liquid, specifically tri-methyl-n-hexyl ammonium bis-(trifluorosulfonyl) imide (TMHATFSI), and the effects of the various deposition conditions, such as bath temperature and deposition potential, were investigated. For the preparation of the patterned substrates, UV-nanoimprint lithography was employed. The thickness of resist was 90-100 nm, mold feature diameter was 150 nm, with a pitch of 450 nm. As a result, compact Si nanopillars were uniformly electrodeposited, and it was indicated that their morphology were affected mostly by the bath temperature.
Fast All-Transparent Integrated Circuits Based on Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Transistors (2010)

We describe the fabrication and characterization of visible transparent small-scale indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) integrated circuits. The IGZO channel and indium tin oxide (ITO) contacts and interconnects were pulsed laser deposited at room temperature. Low-temperature (200 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> C ) atomic-layer-deposited Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> was used as the gate dielectric in bottom-gated thin-film transistors with field-effect mobility near 15 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V·s. Logic inverters and ring oscillators were fabricated and characterized, with operations at frequencies as high as 2.1 MHz, corresponding to a propagation delay of less than 48 ns/stage with a supply voltage of 25 V. To the best of our knowledge, these are the fastest all-transparent oxide semiconductor circuits reported to date.
Social group membership increases STEM engagement among preschoolers. (2016)

The American educational system currently yields disappointing levels of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) engagement and achievement among students. One way to remedy this may be to increase children's motivation in STEM from an early age. This study examined whether a social cue-being part of an experimental "minimal group"-increases STEM engagement in preschoolers (N = 141; 4.5-year-olds). Using a within-subjects design, participants were assigned to a group and an individual condition (counterbalanced for order) before they worked on a math task and a spatial task. Children persisted longer on, placed more pieces correctly, reported higher self-efficacy, and were more interested in the group STEM task than the individual STEM task. In addition, we conducted a continuously cumulating meta-analysis (CCMA) to combine the results of the current experiment with two previous experiments. These findings suggest that incorporating nonacademic social factors, such as group membership, into current STEM curricula could be an effective way to boost young children's STEM motivation. (PsycINFO Database Record
Interacting with computers by voice: automatic speech recognition and synthesis (2003)

This paper examines how people communicate with computers using speech. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) transforms speech into text, while automatic speech synthesis [or text-to-speech (TTS)] performs the reverse task. ASR has been largely developed based on speech coding theory, while simulating certain spectral analyses performed by the ear. Typically, a Fourier transform is employed, but following the auditory Bark scale and simplifying the spectral representation with a decorrelation into cepstral coefficients. Current ASR provides good accuracy and performance on limited practical tasks, but exploits only the most rudimentary knowledge about human production and perception phenomena. The popular mathematical model called the hidden Markov model (HMM) is examined; first-order HMMs are efficient but ignore long-range correlations in actual speech. Common language models use a time window of three successive words in their syntactic-semantic analysis. Speech synthesis is the automatic generation of a speech waveform, typically from an input text. As with ASR, TTS starts from a database of information previously established by analysis of much training data, both speech and text. Previously analyzed speech is stored in small units in the database, for concatenation in the proper sequence at runtime. TTS systems first perform text processing, including "letter-to-sound" conversion, to generate the phonetic transcription. Intonation must be properly specified to approximate the naturalness of human speech. Modern synthesizers using large databases of stored spectral patterns or waveforms output highly intelligible synthetic speech, but naturalness remains to be improved.
The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography in Musculoskeletal Disease (2013)

Many musculoskeletal disorders (MDs) are associated with irreversible bone and cartilage damage; this is particularly true for osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, a clinical need exists for modalities which can detect OA and other MDs at early stages. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an infrared-based imaging, currently FDA approved in cardiology and ophthalmology, which has a resolution greater than 10 microns and acquisition rate of 120 frames/second. It has shown feasibility for imaging early OA, identifying changes prior to cartilage thinning both in vitro and in vivo in patients and in OA animal models. In addition, OCT has shown an ability to identify early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and guide tendon repair, but has the potential for an even greater impact. Clinical trials in OA are currently underway, as well as in several other MDs.
Characterization of "Campylobacter pyloridis" by culture, enzymatic profile, and protein content (1985)

"Campylobacter pyloridis" has been recently described as a gastritis-associated bacterium. We studied 20 strains. The bacteria had most of the characteristics of Campylobacter spp. strains. They were hippurate negative and tolerant to triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (at 0.4 and 1 mg/ml). They grew on all the media commonly used in laboratories, although chocolate agar was the most effective for isolation. They grew in a microaerophilic atmosphere as well as in an atmosphere enriched in CO2 and when incubated at 37 degrees C but not at 30 or 42 degrees C. A total of 31 enzymes were present among the 78 studied. gamma-Glutamyl-transpeptidase activity was, in addition to urea hydrolysis, an interesting feature for the identification of these bacteria. The protein profiles of the 20 strains were similar.
Update on Gibberellin Signaling. A Tale of the Tall and the Short (2004)

Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that control growth and development throughout the life cycle of the plant. Isolation and characterization of mutants that are impaired in GA biosynthesis have been crucial in both understanding the role of GAs in regulating plant development and elucidating the GA biosynthetic pathway (Davies, 1995; Hedden and Phillips, 2000). The broad spectrum of developmental processes controlled by GAs is clearly illustrated by the phenotypes of GA biosynthesis mutants. In general, these GA-deficient mutants exhibit a common phenotype: a dark-green dwarf plant that is defective in leaf expansion and stem elongation (Fig. 1). In many species, GA-deficient mutants also display defects during seed germination, altered floral initiation time, and are impaired in development of flower, fruit, and seed. In recent years our understanding of GA metabolism has advanced rapidly with the cloning of
Modulation of gene expression by moxonidine in rats with chronic renal failure (2004)

Several genes showing altered expression levels after subtotal nephrectomy were identified in remnant kidneys. These genes might act as candidates to promote disease progression. The sympatholytic drug moxonidine, at a concentration devoid of blood pressure effects, regulates the renal expression of some of these genes back towards control levels. To what extent sympathetic neurotransmitters directly alter expression of these genes in cultured renal cells currently is under investigation.
Pseudo-Linear Analysis of Bang-Bang Controlled Timing Circuits (2012)

This paper describes an accurate, yet analytical method to predict the key characteristics of a bang-bang controlled timing loop: namely, the jitter transfer (JTRAN), jitter generation (JG), and jitter tolerance (JTOL). The analysis basically derives a linearized model of the system, where the bang-bang phase detector is modeled as a set of two linearized gain elements and an additive white noise source. This phase detector (PD) model is by far the most extensive one in literature, which can correctly estimate the effects of random jitter, transition density, and finite loop latency on the loop characteristics. The described pseudo-linear analysis assumes the presence of random jitter at the PD input and the minimum jitter necessary to keep the linear model valid is derived, based on a describing function analysis and Nyquist stability analysis. The presented analysis re-confirms the findings of prior theories and provides theoretical basis to the prior empirically-drawn equations, such as those for the quantization noise power and the gain reduction in presence of a finite loop delay. The predictions based on the presented analysis match well with the results from time-accurate behavioral simulations.
Call admission control in wireless networks: A comprehensive survey (2005)

Radio resource management (RRM) plays a major role in Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning for wireless communication systems. The performance of RRM techniques has a direct impact on each user's individual performance and on the overall network performance. Arriving (new and handoff) calls are granted/denied access to the network by the call admission scheme (CAC) based on predefined criteria, taking the network loading conditions into consideration. CAC in wireless networks has been receiving a great deal of attention during the last two decades due to the growing popularity of wireless communications and the central role that CAC plays in QoS provisioning in terms of the signal quality, call blocking and dropping probabilities, packet delay and loss rate, and transmission rate. In the first and second generation of wireless systems, CAC has been developed for a single service environment. In the third generation and beyond wireless systems, multimedia services such as voice, video, data, and audio are to be offered with various QoS profiles. Hence, more sophisticated CAC schemes are developed to cope with these changes. This article provides a comprehensive survey of CAC schemes in modern wireless networks.
Damping Studies of Ceramic Reinforced Aluminum (2009)

Ceramic-reinforced aluminum alloys exhibit a unique combination of properties not found in monolithic aluminum alloys. The addition of high modulus ceramic particles to conventional aluminum alloys results in increased strength, elastic modulus, and wear resistance. Because of these desirable engineering properties, the damping capacity and storage modulus were measured as a function of ceramic volume fraction, temperature, and frequency. Two aluminum-silicon-magnesium matrix composites were studied including the wrought alloy, 6061-T6, with 0 to 0.2 volume fraction of Al 2 O 3 particles and the casting alloy, A356-T6, with 0 to 0.2 volume fraction of silicon-carbide (SiC) particles. They were manufactured by a process that is simpler and less costly than previously developed techniques for manufacturing metal matrix composites. The damping capacity and storage modulus were measured at 0.1, 1, and 10 Hz, while the temperature was varied from -10 to 250°C. It was found that the cast matrix has a higher damping capacity than the wrought matrix above 100°C, possibly due to the presence of silicon in the matrix that lowers the grain boundary transition peak. The storage modulus and damping capacity increased with increasing reinforcement content. These results are consistent with other work done on ceramic-reinforced aluminum alloys.
Severe secondary postpartum hemorrhage 3 weeks after cesarean section: Alternative etiologies of uterine scar non‐union (2007)

A case of secondary postpartum hemorrhage that occurred 3 weeks after cesarean section requiring total abdominal hysterectomy is reported. The patient's history and pathologic features of the removed uterus did not allow the authors to clearly recognize a previous reported cause of this potentially life-threatening complication. Alternative causes of the non-union of the uterine incision are suggested.
The TOL (pWW0) catabolic plasmid (1989)

Because it is the best-characterized example of a TOL plasmid, a detailed review of the physical nature of pWW0, its catabolic enzymes, and genetic structure is provided to develop a fundamental understanding of the molecular biology of catabolic plasmids. In addition, a current model for regulation of gene expression is presented, demonstrating the versatility and complexity that is associated with this plasmid as well as the potential complexity of other plasmid-encoded catabolic systems
Removal and Reduction of Sulfur Dioxides from Polluted Gas Streams (1975)

This new, second generation process was primarily designed to remove sulfur dioxide from polluted gas streams. The front end of the process was developed by Bergbau Forschung and operates as a sulfur dioxide concentrator, placing the sulfur dioxide-containing gases in contact with a special carbon. Following the preferential adsorption of sulfur dioxide, the special carbon adsorbent is regenerated by thermal treatment to yield a concentrated sulfur dioxide off-gas which is converted to sulfur in a coal bed by Foster Wheeler Corporation's Resox process. This process represents a new way to achieve the desired reaction rate between sulfur dioxide and crushed coal at approximately 650-760°F.
Cryoprotective agent and temperature effects on human sperm membrane permeabilities: convergence of theoretical and empirical approaches for optimal cryopreservation methods (2000)

Previous reports have left unresolved discrepancies between human sperm cryopreservation methods developed using theoretical optimization approaches and those developed empirically. This study was designed to investigate possible reasons for the discrepancies. Human spermatozoa were exposed to 1 mol/l glycerol, 1 mol/l dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), 1 mol/l propylene glycol (PG) or 2 mol/l ethylene glycol (EG) at 22, 11 and 0 degrees C, then returned to isosmotic media while changes in cell volume were monitored. Activation energies (E(a)) of the hydraulic conductivity (L(p)) in the presence of cryoprotective agents (CPA) (L(p)(CPA)) were 22.2 (DMSO), 11.9 (glycerol), 15.8 (PG), and 7.8 (EG) kcal/mol. The E(a) values of the membrane permeability to CPA (P(CPA)) were 12.1 (DMSO), 10.4 (glycerol), 8.6 (PG) and 8.0 (EG) kcal/mol. These data indicated that even at low temperatures, EG permeates fastest. The high L(p)(CPA) in the presence of EG and low associated E(a) would allow spermatozoa to remain closer to equilibrium with the extracellular solution during slow cooling in the presence of ice. Collectively, these data suggest that the increase of the E(a) of L(p) in the presence of CPA at low temperature is the likely reason for the observed discrepancy between theoretical predictions of spermatozoa freezing response and empirical data.
Ion exchange in synthetic zeolites. Part 1.—Ammonium and some of its alkyl derivatives in Linde Sieves X and Y (1968)

A study has been made of the exchange adsorption of NH+4, CH3NH+3, C2H5NH+3, iso-C3H7NH+3, n-C4H9NH+3, (CH3)2NH+2, (C2H5)2NH+2, (CH3)3NH+ and (C2H5)3NH+ by Linde Sieves X and Y. For steric reasons, none of these ions could effect a complete replacement of the Na+ ions initially present in the zeolite so that the exchange reaction was confined to the large cavities in the crystal. The maximum extent of exchange decreased with an increase in molecular weight and polarizability of the cations but was always below the limit imposed by the space requirement of the respective ions. This decrease was also greater for the di- and trialkyl derivatives than for the monoalkylammonium ions of comparable molecular weight and was more pronounced in X than in Y. A similar relationship was obtained between the standard free energy of exchange and molecular weight. These observations have been interpreted in terms of the increased difficulty of packing the larger and more branched species in the spherical large cavities of the crystal and of the affinity of the organic ion for the zeolite. The importance of affinity of the cations in determining the upper limit to exchange was further shown by the observation that for a given alkylammonium ion this limit decreased with an increase in the affinity of the inorganic ion which it replaced from the zeolite, the order being Li > Na > K > Ag > Tl(I). It is suggested that there was an equilibrium distribution of the exchangeable ions over the different crystallographic sites, this distribution being governed by the nature of the entering alkyl-ammonium ion and of the cation initially present. If the affinity of the organic ion for the zeolite is relatively great, varying proportions of the inorganic ions may vacate their places inside the network of small cavities and enter the large cavities. For the larger alkylammonium ions having a low affinity for the zeolite or when the ions to be replaced were strongly bond to the zeolite framework (Ag+ and Tl+), the limit to exchange may fall below that corresponding to the minimum population of exchangeable ions inside the large cavities. A correlation was also found between the upper limit to exchange and the ionic potential (for inorganic ions) and the dipole moment of the corresponding alkylamine indicating that electrostatic attraction was of greater importance than van der Waals forces in determining exchange.
Assessing Systemic Trade Interconnectedness: An Empirical Approach (2011)

The paper focuses on systemically important jurisdictions in the global trade network, complementing recent IMF work on systemically important financial sectors. Using the IMF's Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) database and network analysis, the paper develops a framework for ranking jurisdictions based on trade size and trade interconnectedness indicators using data for 2000 and 2010. The results show a near perfect overlap between the top 25 systemically important trade and financial jurisdictions, suggesting that these ought to be the focus of risk-based surveillance on cross-border spillovers and contagion. In addition, a number of extensions to the approach are developed that can provide a better understanding of trade dynamics at the bilateral, regional, and global levels.
Twenty First Century Popular Music Studies (2013)

This paper introduces the IASPM Journal special edition entitled Twenty-First Century Popular Music Studies (PMS), in which a number of papers respond to Philip Tagg’s paper “Caught on the Back Foot: Epistemic Inertia and Visible Music” (2011). Respondents discuss a lack of ethnographic methodology in three prominent journals, Popular Music, Popular Music and Society and Journal of Popular Music Studies; the success of PMS in Australasia and the role of ethnomusicology there; the potential of ecomusicology for PMS; the proliferation of PMS courses in new universities in the UK; gender and sexuality within PMS; differences between the concepts of invisible and of ubiquitous music; and the need for addressing corporeality within PMS. The common threads of these discussions are brought out, and a number of key issues emerge. Interdisciplinarity is emphasized and the interactions of classical and popular music, ethnomusicology as well as recording and production are examined. It is suggested that PMS might consider tactical alignments with other relevant bodies in order to overcome epistemic inertia, including ethnomusicology organisations, the Association for the Study of the Art of Record Production, and academics and practitioners involved in teaching and making popular music.
Report from the Scientific Poster Session at the 12th Annual Cardiometabolic Health Congress in Boston, USA, 4–7 October 2017 (2017)

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