gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and properties of quartz-based Love wave acoustic sensors incorporating silicon dioxide and PMMA guiding layers (1997)

Love wave surface acoustic wave devices are very promising as sensors in gaseous and liquid environments because of their high sensitivity. In this work, two methods of producing the Love wave guiding layer were utilized to fabricate devices based on ST-cut quartz. The methods involved sputter deposition of silicon dioxide films and spin coating of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films. -cut quartz devices with thicknesses up to and PMMA/ST-cut quartz devices with PMMA thicknesses up to have been manufactured and compared. Mass sensitivity, insertion loss, temperature coefficient of oscillation frequency and frequency noise have been studied as a function of layer thickness. A number of hybrid devices consisting of PMMA film/ film/ST-cut quartz have also been assembled and evaluated. These devices exhibit higher sensitivity than the devices and the PMMA devices produced here.
Analogue fault simulation based on layout dependent fault models (2002)

A testability analysis procedure for complex analogue circuits is presented based on layout dependent fault models extracted from process defect statistics. The technique has been applied to a mixed-signal phase locked loop circuit and a number of test methodologies have been evaluated including the existing production test. It is concluded that the fault coverage achieved by this test can be improved by the use of a supplementary test based on power supply variations.
High growth rate deposition techniques for coated conductors: liquid phase epitaxy and vapor-liquid-solid growth (1999)

High growth rate deposition techniques for coated conductors are developed via liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth. By adding fluorine and silver under low oxygen partial pressure, the processing temperature of LPE decreased down to 850/spl deg/C and it enabled us to grow YBCO on metallic substrates such as cube-textured silver tapes. On the other hand, VLS growth is a combinatorial deposition technique between vapor growth and LPE. It is essentially a LPE growth supplied from the vapor phase. Here, we discuss the utilization of VLS growth as a rapid vapor growth for production of YBCO coated conductor.
Guest Editor's Introduction: A Glimpse at the Future of Enterprise Search (2007)

Search by a customized and dynamic SOA can provide the greater precision, relevancy, semantic awareness, and adaptivity the enterprise requires.
A new cinnoline synthesis. Part IV. Nitration and sulphonation of chloro-(5,6,7,8)-4-hydroxy-cinnolines (1968)

Nitration of chloro-(5,6,7,8)-4-hydroxycinnolines and the corresponding 3-carboxylic acids with nitric acid alone, and with mixed acid, has been studied. The structures of the nitro-compounds formed have been determined chemically and/or by n.m.r. measurements. With nitric acid alone the chloro-4-hydroxycinnolines gave increased amounts of the 3-nitro-derivatives. In general the direction of substitution appears to be dictated by the 1,2-diaza-grouping present in the cinnoline system, and only slightly by the chloro-substituent. Sulphonation of 5- and 8-chloro-4-hydroxycinnolines gave the corresponding 8- and 5-sulphonic acids, respectively, the structures of which were confirmed by n.m.r. studies.
Promoter Analysis of the Elicitor-Induced WRKY Gene<i>OsWRKY53</i>, Which Is Involved in Defense Responses in Rice (2009)

OsWRKY53, a chitin oligosaccharide elicitor-responsive rice WRKY gene, has been found to be involved in defense responses in rice. We identified three tandem W-box elements, putative recognition sites for WRKY transcription factors, as cis elements that are essential to the elicitor-responsiveness of OsWRKY53 by deletion and mutation analysis of the promoter by dual luciferase assay.
Multi-objective learning via genetic algorithms (1985)

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are powerful, general purpose adaptive search techniques which have been used successfully in a variety of learning systems. In the standard formulation, GAs maintain a set of alternative knowledge structures for the task to be learned, and improved knowledge structures are formed through a combination of competition and knowledge sharing among the alternative knowledge structures. In this paper, we extend the GA paradigm by allowing multidimensional feedback concerning the performance of the alternative structures. The modified GA is shown to solve a multiclass pattern discrimination task which could not be solved by the unmodified GA.
The origin of cough sounds. (1987)

We have analyzed the origin of the first and second cough sounds recorded by tussiphonography. About 10,000 tussiphonograms were performed in about 1,000 healthy and diseased subjects. Changes in the first cough sound are due to pathological processes in the airways, for example, the presence of mucus or acute inflammatory disease. The first cough sound may then become divided. In bronchial asthma the first sound is also abnormal because of the narrowed airways. The origin of the second sound becomes clear by its absence in patients after laryngectomy or in those with paralysis of the vocal folds. The reappearance of the second cough sound may indicate rehabilitation of the vocal folds. With laryngotracheitis there is a pattern of multiple sounds. In patients with cough of psychogenic origin, the second sound is absent and cough sounds "bovine". Treatment of patients with bronchodilating drugs did not improve their pathological cough sounds in spite of improvement in airway obstruction.
Energy-efficient transceiver circuits for short-range on-chip interconnects (2011)

Transceiver blocks for low-swing signaling across short on-chip wires are proposed. First, a charge-sharing transmitter enables adjustable swing signaling from a single supply voltage. Compact sense-amplifier offset correction is introduced that enables improved sensitivity without increasing energy/conversion. Finally, digital hysteresis tuning is used to implement compact decision feedback equalization. Optimized for low-energy applications and operating from Vdd = 0.2-1.0V, measurements show energy efficiencies of 4.0-136fJ=bit=mm across 1mm and 4mm wires in 65nm-CMOS.
A new route to vinylcarbene metal complexes in one step from 2-propyn-1-ols and arene ruthenium(II) derivatives (1989)

Complex (C6Me6)RuCl2(PMe3)(1) reacts at room temperature with HCCCR2OH and NaPF6in methanol to produce either [(C6Me6)Ru{C(OMe)CH2CR2OMe} Cl(PMe3)]PF6(R = H), (2)]or [(C6Me6)Ru{C(OMe)CHCR2}]PF6(R ≠ H), (3)–(5)] derivatives via an allenylidene–ruthenium intermediate, electrochemical studies of (3)–(5) show a reversible RuIII/RuII oxidation process and irreversible oxidation of the double bond.
Filtering for stochastic processes with applications to guidance (1968)

A detailed and complete treatment of the Kalman-Bucy filter, as well as the non-linear filter, is given. Applications of the theory of filtering are presented in the areas of aerospace guidance and navigation. (Author)
Differing effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and vasopressin on survival in a canine model of septic shock (2004)

During sepsis, limited data on the survival effects of vasopressors are available to guide therapy. Therefore, we compared the effects of three vasopressors on survival in a canine septic shock model. Seventy-eight awake dogs infected with differing doses of intraperitoneal Escherichia coli to produce increasing mortality were randomized to receive epinephrine (0.2, 0.8, or 2.0 microg.kg(-1).min(-1)), norepinephrine (0.2, 1.0, or 2.0 microg.kg(-1).min(-1)), vasopressin (0.01 or 0.04 U/min), or placebo in addition to antibiotics and fluids. Serial hemodynamic and biochemical variables were measured. Increasing doses of bacteria caused progressively greater decreases in survival (P <0.06), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P <0.05), cardiac index (CI) (P <0.02), and ejection fraction (EF) (P=0.02). The effects of epinephrine on survival were significantly different from those of norepinephrine and vasopressin (P=0.03). Epinephrine had a harmful effect on survival that was significantly related to drug dose (P=0.02) but not bacterial dose. Norepinephrine and vasopressin had beneficial effects on survival that were similar at all drug and bacteria doses. Compared with concurrent infected controls, epinephrine caused greater decreases in CI, EF, and pH, and greater increases in systemic vascular resistance and serum creatinine than norepinephrine and vasopressin. These epinephrine-induced changes were significantly related to the dose of epinephrine administered. In this study, the effects of vasopressors were independent of severity of infection but dependent on the type and dose of vasopressor used. Epinephrine adversely affected organ function, systemic perfusion, and survival compared with norepinephrine and vasopressin. In the ranges studied, norepinephrine and vasopressin have more favorable risk-benefit profiles than epinephrine during sepsis.
Jet-Impact Nebulization for Sample Introduction in Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (1984)

A novel, simple device for the production of liquid aerosol has been constructed and evaluated. In operation of this device, a sample solution is forced under pneumatic or mechanical pressure through an orifice of 25–60 micrometers in diameter. The resulting high-velocity stream of solution is directed onto a solid surface, thereby generating a fine aerosol. Details of nebulizer construction and operation are discussed and factors affecting nebulizer performance are examined. The utility of this nebulizer as a sample-introduction device for inductively coupled plasma spectrometry is explored. When coupled with an ICP, the jet-impact nebulizer compares favorably with a conventional pneumatic nebulizer in terms of precision, linearity, detection limits, and efficiency. Moreover, aerosol production is independent of any gas flow, making the device potentially useful in low-gas-flow plasmas. However, clogging of the nebulizer orifice with particulate matter can be a problem unless solutions are pre-filtered.
Self‐Limited Reaction‐Diffusion in Nanostructured Substrates: Surface Coverage Dynamics and Analytic Approximations to ALD Saturation Times (2012)

Abstract We present a general model based on a time‐dependent, reaction–diffusion equation to determine the dosing times and coverage profiles in structured substrates during atomic layer deposition (ALD). We first derive expressions comprising a non‐linear diffusion–reaction equation coupled to a surface kinetic equation. In their non‐dimensional forms, these equations show that coverage dynamics during ALD in nanostructured substrates depend only on two non‐dimensional parameters, the Damkoler and precursor excess (number of molecules per surface site in the nanostructure) numbers. Using the assumptions of molecular flow in a circular pore, we derive a general, analytic equation to predict saturation exposure times. To demonstrate the utility of our model, we derive additional expressions incorporating a precursor loss term relevant to predicting exposure times during ozone‐based ALD. Because our model makes no assumptions about the diffusion coefficient or sample geometry, it can easily be adapted to describe a broad range of ALD systems such as trenches and vias, anodized alumina, or aerogels under almost any conditions including molecular, viscous, and transition flow regimes
Blood Pressure Reduction and Cardiovascular Prevention: An Update Including the 2003-2004 Secondary Prevention Trials (2005)

In a meta-analysis published in June 2003, we reported that new and old classes of antihypertensive drugs had similar long-term efficacy and safety. Furthermore, we observed that in clinical trials in hypertensive or high-risk patients gradients in systolic blood pressure (SBP) accounted for most differences in outcome. To test whether our previous conclusions would hold, we updated our quantitative overview with new information from clinical trials published before 2005. To compare new and old antihypertensive drugs, we computed pooled odds ratios from stratified 2 x 2 contingency tables. In a meta-regression analysis, we correlated these odds ratios with corresponding between-group differences in SBP. We then contrasted observed odds ratios with those predicted from gradients in SBP. The main finding of our overview was that reduction in SBP largely explained cardiovascular outcomes in the recently published actively controlled trials in hypertensive patients and in placebo-controlled secondary prevention trials. The published results suggested that dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers might offer a selective benefit in the prevention of stroke and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system in the prevention of heart failure. For prevention of myocardial infarction, the published results were more equivocal, because of the benefit of amlodipine over placebo or valsartan in 2 trials, whereas other placebo-controlled trials of calcium-channel blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors did not substantiate the expected benefit with regard to cardiac outcomes. In conclusion, the hypothesis that new antihypertensive drugs might influence cardiovascular prognosis over and beyond their antihypertensive effect remains unproven. Our overview emphasizes the need of tight blood pressure control, but does not allow determining to what extent blood pressure must be lowered for optimal cardiovascular prevention.
Determination of mercury in water by furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after reduction and aeration (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of mercury in water by furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after reduction and aerationDarryl D. Siemer and Lynn. HagemanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 1, 105–108Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50051a025RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (556 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Fourth Ventricle Choroid Plexus Xanthogranuloma Causing Hydrocephalus (2015)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the 'Save PDF' action button.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS BY ELECTRON DONOR-ACCEPTOR COMPLEXES OF ALKALI METALS (1971)

Abstract Since Benesi and Hildebrand [l] observed an absorption band of a benzene solution of iodine uncharacteristic of either molecule, extensive work has been carried out on (“charge transfer complexes” from various points of view.
CREB in the Pathophysiology of Cancer: Implications for Targeting Transcription Factors for Cancer Therapy (2009)

Transcription factors are key regulators of the pattern of gene expression in a cell and directly control central processes such as proliferation, survival, self-renewal, and invasion. Given this critical role, the function of transcription factors is normally regulated closely, often through transient phosphorylation. Although transcription factors are not often directly modified by mutations in cancer cells, they frequently become activated constitutively through mutations affecting "upstream" pathways. By continually driving the expression of key target genes, these oncogenic transcription factors play a central role in tumor pathogenesis. One such transcription factor is the cAMP-regulatory element-binding protein (CREB), which can be activated through phosphorylation by a number of kinases, including Akt, p90Rsk, protein kinase A, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases and regulates genes whose deregulated expression promotes oncogenesis, including cyclins, Bcl-2 family members, and Egr-1. CREB is overexpressed and constitutively phosphorylated in a number of forms of human cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non-small cell lung cancer, and appears to play a direct role in disease pathogenesis and prognosis. Although transcription factors have not been a central focus of drug development, recent advances suggest that CREB and other such proteins may be worthwhile targets for cancer therapy.
Beamforming for moving source speech enhancement (2006)

This paper presents a new constrained subband beamforming algorithm to enhance speech signals generated by a moving source in a noisy environment. The beamformer is based on the principle of a soft constraint defined for a specified region corresponding to a known source location. The soft constraint secures the spatial-temporal passage of the desired source signal in the adaptive update of the beamforming weights and guarantees the full rank property of the matrix inverted in the update. The source of interest is modelled as a cluster of stationary point sources and source motion is accommodated by revising the point source cluster. The source modelling and its direct exploitation in the beamformer through covariance estimates are presented. An algorithm for sound source localization is used for speaker movement tracking and this information is exploited to update the spatial distribution in the source model. Evaluation in a real environment with a moving speaker shows a significant noise and hands-free interference suppression within the conventional telephone bandwidth. This is achieved with a negligible impact on speech distortion.
Physiological and pathophysiological regulation of cytochrome P450. (1998)

This article is a report on a symposium sponsored by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and held at the April 1998 Experimental Biology '98 meeting in San Francisco. The presentations focused on the mechanisms of regulation of cytochrome P450 gene expression by developmental factors and by hormones and cytokines, as well as on the interplay between physiological and chemical regulation. Approaches and systems used to address these questions included conditional gene knockouts in mice, primary hepatocyte cultures, immunofluorescence imaging of cells, and cell lines stably expressing reporter gene constructs.
A transport-level proxy for secure multimedia streams (2000)

To provide a secure traversal service, firewalls need more than static packet filtering and application-level proxies. SOCKS (Secure sOCKets) is an application-independent transport-level proxy that offers user-level authentification and data encryption. An extended SOCKS UDP (user datagram protocol) binding model with appropriate socket calls is proposed to provide complete support for UDP-based multimedia streaming applications.
Biological evaluation of radiolabeled D-methionine as a parent compound in potential nuclear imaging. (1984)

Based on the high radioactivity uptake of some 14C-labeled D-amino acids in tumors and pancreas of mice, this investigation was undertaken to ascertain possible usefulness of radioactive D-methionine as a nuclear imaging agent. Radioactivity derived from D-[3,4-14C]-methionine in Ehrlich solid tumor was approximately three times higher than that from the L-isomer, but was the same as for mouse pancreas. Excretion rate of the radioactivity of D-[14C]-methionine into urine was approximately two times faster than that of the L-isomer. As compared with two potential imaging agents, 1-aminocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, D-methionine showed almost the same radioactivity biodistribution in tumor and pancreas. These results suggest potential for D-methionine as a mother compound for use in tumor and pancreas imaging.
Unmanned solar-powered aerial surveyor configured with an aerodynamic optimization procedure (1997)

This paper presents the results of a theoretical (numerical) study focused on the possibility to define, using an aerodynamic optimization procedure, some of the important configuration details of a joinedwing, unmanned, solar powered airplane able to perform, with a. given payload, a low speed cruise flight at a given altitude. The procedure is based on a conjugate gradient optimization method and uses in its aerodynamic analysis module a fast vortex-lattice method to estimate the aerodynamic characteristics of the complete configuration. The power required for the cruise flight must be provided by the solar cells. The objective of the optimization is to reduce this necessary power. Thirteen parameters, selected of those who define the geometry of the configuration, are used as optimization variables. Several optimization cases prove that a joined-wing airplane, powered with the energy provided by medium efficiency solar cells can perform a cruise flight at low altitudes (100 - 1000 m) with pay loads weighting 25 -80'daN, or at high altitudes (15000m) with payloads of about 10 daN. By applying the aerodynamic optimization to an initial configuration, significant reductions of the airframe's weight, overall dimensions and of the necessary power were obtained in each case.
Structural and immunological comparison of indigenous human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase with that encoded by a cloned cDNA. (1991)

O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, a ubiquitous and unusual DNA repair protein, eliminates mutagenic and cytotoxic O6-alkylguanine from DNA by transferring the alkyl group to one of its cysteine residues in a second-order suicide reaction. This 22-kDa protein was immunoaffinity-purified to homogeneity from cultured human lymphoblasts (CEM-CCRF line) and compared with the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase purified to homogeneity from Escherichia coli expressing a cloned human cDNA. The cellular and recombinant proteins were identical in size, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of intact molecules and their peptides. Immunoprobing of Western blots with three monoclonal antibodies specific for human cellular O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase further indicated identity of the two proteins. The amino acid sequence of the cellular protein was experimentally determined for 87 out of a total of 207 residues and was found to be identical to that deduced from the cDNA sequence. A unique cysteine residue at position 145 was identified as the methyl acceptor site by autoradiographic analysis of peptides and sequence analysis of 3H-methylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. These observations establish that the cloned O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase cDNA encodes the full-length O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase polypeptide that is normally present in human cells. Moreover, the cellular protein does not appear to be significantly modified by posttranslational processes.