gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of neurokinin‐2 and ‐3 receptors in the human and pig bladder (2003)

These data confirm that the NK-2 receptor subtype mediates NKA-induced contraction of the human and pig detrusor muscle. The NK-3 receptor appears to have no role in detrusor contraction of either species. The results also provide evidence that the NK-2 receptor in human and pig are the same, and the latter may be an appropriate species to study tachykinin-induced contractions in human bladder.
UV accelerated aging and aging resistance of dihydroxy poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers (2009)

Abstract By introducing binary hydroxyl groups into poly(p‐phenylene benzoxazole) (PBO) macromolecular chains, we synthesized dihydroxy poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) polymers and then prepared DHPBO fibers by dry‐jet wet‐spinning. Comparative studies were performed between intrinsic PBO fibers and DHPBO fibers. The effects of hydroxyl polar groups on improving the UV aging resistance of PBO fibers were investigated. With the introduction of hydroxyl groups, substantial changes in the chemical structures and surface morphologies of DHPBO fibers were observed. As proved by tensile testing and intrinsic viscosity measurement, the UV resistance of DHPBO fibers is obviously improved compared to that of intrinsic PBO fibers. XRD results indicate that the UV aging of these fibers occurs mainly on the surfaces of fibers. Based on these results, the mechanism of UV aging of PBO fibers was discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Edutainment with a mixed reality book (2008)

Recently several researchers have developed augmented reality books which involve overlaying virtual content onto the pages of a real book. In this paper, we extend this general concept by adding virtual visual and auditory enhancements to an already published book. Together with the author and professionals in education we have explored various alternatives of combining virtual and real content, new dedicated interactions techniques, and visual effects to enhance immersion. In this paper we report on the design and development of a new type of 'mixed reality book'. We also summarize user feedback collected during different user trials and demonstrations of the prototype.
<i>PrimeX</i>and the Schrödinger computational chemistry suite of programs (2012)

PrimeX is a new X-ray crystal structure refinement program for biological macromolecules from Schrodinger, Inc. It produces an all-atom model at moderate resolution that is in excellent agreement with the diffraction data and that is also suitable for immediate use in computational chemistry applications. The program features maximum-likelihood reciprocal-space minimization, simulated-annealing refinement, ligand placement, loop building and side-chain placement. PrimeX is integrated with the powerful molecular-graphics program Maestro, which provides an easy-to-use graphical interface. Command-line access to PrimeX tools provides for their scripting into complex workflows. Additional information about these features and the methods used therein are presented.
Development of touch panel system by single layer without pattern: Capable large touch panel due to large S/N and simple structure (2013)

We propose a novel touch panel structure, sensing method, and system which composes a low-cost transparent electrically-conductive thin film with higher Rs than the ITO film by two orders of magnitude. Relatively small number of extraction electrodes is directly attached upon the thin film without any circuit pattern. The proposed panel can realize even the wall tapestry-type touch panel of larger area as well as the smaller size one, and also can play single and multi-touch operations even through gloved fingers. In this paper, we will mainly mention about this packaging technology.
SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin limits podocyte damage in proteinuric nondiabetic nephropathy (2018)

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have pleiotropic properties beyond blood glucose-lowering effects and modify important nonglycemic pathways, leading to end-organ protection. SGLT2 inhibitors display renoprotective effects in diabetic kidney disease, which creates a rationale for testing the therapeutic potential of this drug class in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease. Here, we have shown that dapagliflozin provided glomerular protection in mice with protein-overload proteinuria induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA), to a similar extent as an ACE inhibitor used as standard therapy for comparison. Dapagliflozin limited proteinuria, glomerular lesions, and podocyte dysfunction and loss. We provide the observation that SGLT2 was expressed in podocytes and upregulated after BSA injections. Through in vitro studies with cultured podocytes loaded with albumin we have identified what we believe to be a novel mechanism of action for SGLT2 inhibitor that directly targets podocytes and relies on the maintenance of actin cytoskeleton architecture. Whether SGLT2 inhibitors represent a possible future therapeutic option for some patients with proteinuric glomerular disease who do not have as yet an effective treatment will require ad hoc clinical studies.
Silencing of lactotransferrin expression by methylation in prostate cancer progression (2007)

This study highlights the potential for LTF in chemoprevention and to become a biologically relevant prognostic marker of CaP, suggesting that silencing of the LTF gene may be causally linked to CaP progression.
Load Dependence of Gunn-Oscillator Performance (1970)

A detailed analysis of an experimental resonator as a basis for determining the output power and the tuning range of Gunn oscillators as functions of the fundamental resonant-load resistance. Differing n/sub 0/L products (1.2 and 4.8x10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/) lead to strikingly different results which are related to the delayed-and quenched-domain resonant modes, respectively. Variations of the second-harmonic frequency termination cause the fundamental output power of Gunn oscillators to change by a factor of up to 5, this change being accompanied by a frequency pulling of a few percent. From detailed impedance measurements it is concluded that the maximum fundamental power occurs if the second-harmonic circuit is tuned near an open-circuit resonance, the total circuit susceptance being somewhat capacitive.
Superplastic Formation of Metal Nanostructure Arrays with Ultrafine Gaps (2016)

Laser shock compression of plasmonic nanoarrays results in ultrafine tunable line-gaps at sub-10 nm scale by collaborative superplastic flow. From molecular dynamics analysis, the metal nanostructures change from crystalline to liquid-like metals, expanding quickly but never fusing together, even when they are very close. This technique enables good tunability of surface plasmon resonances and significantly enhanced local fields.
A Genome-Wide Scan for Childhood Obesity–Associated Traits in French Families Shows Significant Linkage on Chromosome 6q22.31-q23.2 (2004)

We conducted a genome-wide search for childhood obesity-associated traits, including BMI >/==" BORDER="0">95th percentile (PCT95), 97th percentile (PCT97), and 99th percentile (PCT99) as well as age of adiposity rebound (AAR), which corresponds to the beginning of the second rise in childhood adiposity. A set of 431 microsatellite markers was genotyped in 506 subjects from 115 multiplex French Caucasian families, with at least one child with a BMI >/==" BORDER="0">95th percentile. Among these 115 pedigrees, 97 had at least two sibs with a BMI >/==" BORDER="0">95th percentile. Fine-mapping was performed in the seven most positive loci. Nonparametric multipoint analyses revealed six regions of significant or suggestive linkage on chromosomes 2q33.2-q36.3, 6q22.31-q23.2, and 17p13 for PCT95, PCT97, or PCT99 and 15q12-q15.1, 16q22.1-q24.1, and 19p13.3-p13.11 for AAR. The strongest evidence of linkage was detected on chromosome 6q22.31 for PCT97 (maximum likelihood score: 4.06) at the marker D6S287. This logarithm of odds score meets genome-wide significance tested through simulation (empirical genome-wide P = 0.01 [0.0027-0.0254]). Six independent ge-nome scans in adults have reported quantitative trait loci on 6q linked to energy or glucose homeostasis-associated phenotypes. Possible candidate genes in this region include SIM1, MCHR2, and PC-1.
An Efficient Probabilistic Assisted History Matching Tool Using Gaussian Processes Proxy Models: Application to Coalbed Methane Reservoir (2018)

Abstract Currently used assisted history matching algorithms such as differential evolution, particle swarm optimization etc. usually requires a large number of numerical simulation runs in order to converge to acceptable solutions. If each numerical simulation takes a long time to complete, these algorithms become inefficient. In this research, a new assisted history matching tool is presented that can provide multiple solutions of history matching in much less number of numerical simulations. The proposed tool uses Gaussian process based proxy models to provide fast approximate forward solutions which are used in Bayesian optimization to find history match solutions in an iterative manner. The uncertainty in history match solutions is quantified via MCMC sampling on trained forward GP model. In order to check for independence and convergence of the collected MCMC samples, auto-correlation plots and Geweke z-score diagnostic tests are also performed. The converged MCMC samples are then used to quantify uncertainty in EUR of gas reserves via a forecasting GP model. The proposed methodology is successfully applied to a synthetic heterogeneous coalbed methane reservoir. The code and data for this case study is also available online for future studies. The results show that history matching can be performed in approximately four times less number of numerical simulation runs as compared to state of the art differential evolution algorithm. Besides, the P50 estimate of EUR is shown to be in close agreement with truth values for the presented case study.
Controlled evaluation of three drug combination regimens versus fluorouracil alone for the therapy of advanced gastric cancer. North Central Cancer Treatment Group. (1994)

FAMe, FAP, or FAMe alternating with TZT cannot be recommended for the therapy of advanced gastric carcinoma. Therapy of this disease should remain an experimental endeavor. It would seem reasonable to prove the value of any new treatment approach by a randomized comparison to simple therapy with 5-FU alone.
Warp-aware trace scheduling for GPUs (2014)

GPU performance depends not only on thread/warp level parallelism (TLP) but also on instruction-level parallelism (ILP). It is not enough to schedule instructions within basic blocks, it is also necessary to exploit opportunities for ILP optimization beyond branch boundaries. Unfortunately, modern GPUs cannot dynamically carry out such optimizations because they lack hardware branch prediction and cannot speculatively execute instructions beyond a branch.
Label-free quantitative detection of biomarkers (2010)

A highly sensitive technique for detection and quantification of protein-analyte binding interaction using spectral domain low coherence interferometric technique is implemented. Using this technique, it is possible to study real time interactions by quantifying the changes in optical path length caused by protein-analyte binding. The technique does not require elaborate sensor preparation and calibration. Any coverslip with certain thickness and capability to bind protein can work using this technique. For proof of principle, the interaction between IgG antigen and anti-IgG was studied and quantification of the accumulation of anti-IgG on sensor surface was demonstrated. Additionally, for biological relevance interactions between cancer biomarker EGFr and EGF was also studied and the preliminary results are presented. The potential applications of the label free technique include point-of-care screening of cancer biomarkers and tumor cell adhesion analysis.
Surface Nanopatterning by Polymer Self-Assembly: from Applied Research to Industrial Applications (2009)

Complementary methods have been developed for surface nanostructuring using molecular self-assembly, reactive ion etching and replication techniques. First, controlled surface nanostructures with tunable lateral dimensions from tens of nanometer to tens of micrometers have been produced by polymer self-assembly, over large area and at low cost. The resulting nanostructures could find applications as antireflective layer or as security features for traceability and anti-counterfeiting applications.Second, the as-deposited polymeric surface structures could be used as micro- and nano-patterned etch masks for the transfer of the structure into the underlying material through reactive ion etching. This process leads to more durable structures with tunable aspect ratios from 1:1 to 10:1 in hard materials such as silicon, silicon nitride or quartz. Potential applications of these techniques include the development of superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surfaces for MEMS, as well as the fabrication of nanoporous membranes for ultrafiltration. Polymeric nanopatterns can also be used as mastering tools for replication. Casting, embossing and moulding of self-assembled structures in plastics have all been shown to be possible.
Automatic fault detection, isolation, and recovery in transparent all-optical networks (1997)

Network fault identification is an important network management function, which is closely related to fault management and has an impact on other network management functions such as configuration management, and performance management. This paper investigates fault surveillance and fault identification mechanisms for a transparent optical network in which data travels optically from the source node to the destination node without going through any optical-to-electrical (O/E) or electrical-to-optical (E/O) conversion. Mechanisms and algorithms are proposed to detect and isolate faults such as fiber cuts, laser, receiver, or router failures. These mechanisms allow nonintrusive device monitoring without requiring any prior knowledge of the actual protocols being used in the data transmission.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: The Systemic Clumping “Plague” (2002)

In thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a multimeric form of von Willebrand factor (vWf) that is larger than ordinarily found in the plasma causes systemic platelet aggregation under the high-shear conditions of the microcirculation. A divalent cation-activated, vWf-cleaving metalloprotease that metabolizes large vWf multimers to smaller forms in normal plasma is severely reduced or absent in most patients with TTP. The vWf-cleaving metalloprotease either is not produced or is defective in children with chronic relapsing TTP. When the enzyme is provided by the infusion of normal plasma, these patients remain free of TTP symptoms for about three weeks. An IgG autoantibody to the vWf-cleaving metalloprotease is found transiently in many adult patients with acute idiopathic, recurrent, and ticlopidine/clopidogrel-associated TTP. These patients require plasma exchange, i.e., concurrent replacement of the inhibited vWf-cleaving metalloprotease by plasma infusion and plasmapheresis. The vWf-cleaving metalloprotease is present in fresh-frozen plasma, in cryoprecipitate-depleted plasma (cryosupernatant), and in plasma that has been treated with solvent and detergent. The pathophysiology of platelet aggregation in bone marrow transplantation/chemotherapy-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, and in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, is not established. In neither condition is there a severe decrease in plasma vWf-cleaving metalloprotease activity.
Expression of an Anaplerotic Enzyme, Pyruvate Carboxylase, Improves Recombinant Protein Production in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2002)

Anaplerotic enzyme reactions are those which replenish tricarboxylic acid intermediates that are withdrawn for the synthesis of biomass. In this study, we examined recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli containing activity in an additional anaplerotic enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. In batch fermentations, the presence of pyruvate carboxylase resulted in 68% greater production of the model protein, beta-galactosidase, 41% greater cell yield, and 57% lower acetate concentration. We discuss why these results indicate that acetate concentration does not limit cell growth and protein synthesis, as predicted by other researchers, and suggest instead that the rate of acetate formation represents an inefficient consumption of glucose carbon, which is reduced by the presence of pyruvate carboxylase.
Infusion Reactions (2010)

Many cancer therapies administered by IV infusion, including monoclonal antibodies, have the potential for infusion reactions. All infusion reactions involve the immune system; however, some (anaphylactic) are allergic in nature and usually are mediated by immunoglobulin E (lgE), whereas others (anaphylactoid) are not true allergic reactions and are not mediated by lgE. Although reactions can be allergic or nonallergic, the clinical manifestations are the same and require prompt, accurate assessment and astute management to avoid severe adverse events, including fatality. Monoclonal antibodies have a unique side-effect profile that includes the potential for nonallergic infusion reactions caused by cytokine release. Understanding the pathophysiology underlying any infusion reaction will enhance decision making regarding rechallenge and thereby improve treatment outcomes. Rituximab is an example of a drug with the potential for varying types of infusion reactions. This article discusses oncology nurses' role in patient risk assessment, institution of prophylactic measures, administration monitoring, severity grading, management, and follow-up. This understanding will clarify new data regarding the safety of a rapid infusion schedule of rituximab.
Inhibitors of Ribosome Rescue Arrest Growth of Francisella tularensis at All Stages of Intracellular Replication (2016)

Bacteria require at least one pathway to rescue ribosomes stalled at the ends of mRNAs. The primary pathway for ribosome rescue is trans-translation, which is conserved in >99% of sequenced bacterial genomes. Some species also have backup systems, such as ArfA or ArfB, which can rescue ribosomes in the absence of sufficient trans-translation activity. Small-molecule inhibitors of ribosome rescue have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria grown in liquid culture. These compounds were tested against the tier 1 select agent Francisella tularensis to determine if they can limit bacterial proliferation during infection of eukaryotic cells. The inhibitors KKL-10 and KKL-40 exhibited exceptional antimicrobial activity against both attenuated and fully virulent strains of F. tularensis in vitro and during ex vivo infection. Addition of KKL-10 or KKL-40 to macrophages or liver cells at any time after infection by F. tularensis prevented further bacterial proliferation. When macrophages were stimulated with the proinflammatory cytokine gamma interferon before being infected by F. tularensis, addition of KKL-10 or KKL-40 reduced intracellular bacteria by >99%, indicating that the combination of cytokine-induced stress and a nonfunctional ribosome rescue pathway is fatal to F. tularensis Neither KKL-10 nor KKL-40 was cytotoxic to eukaryotic cells in culture. These results demonstrate that ribosome rescue is required for F. tularensis growth at all stages of its infection cycle and suggest that KKL-10 and KKL-40 are good lead compounds for antibiotic development.
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Method fo r Measuring Transfection Efficiency (1996)

We describe here the use of fluorescenc e in situ hybridization (FISH) to measure th e transfection efficiency of the transient e x pression vector pCMV ca tin lymphoblast s and fibroblasts. By using a pCMV ca tprobe , we can visualize the location of the plasmid after transfection and thus determine tran s fection efficiency. In this report, we show that, for transfection of pCMV ca tby the d i ethylaminoethyl-dextran method, the tran s fection efficiency was about 15 and 70 time s greater in fibroblasts and lymphoblasts, r e spectively, when measured by the FISH method as compared to the efficiency mea sured by cotransfectio n with pCMV β gal . Based on these results, we conclude that th e FISH method is a highly sensitive, specifi c and direct measure of transfection efficien cy of a transient expression vector and tha t it may be useful for evaluating laborator y assays in which the quantitative aspects o f transfection and the effect of plasmid DNA damage on transfection efficiency are im portant .
Development of switched-capacitor-based DC/DC converter with bi-directional power flow (2003)

This paper presents the development of a switched-capacitor (SC)-based DC/DC converter, which can perform bidirectional power flow. Features of voltage step down, step-up, and bi-directional power flow are integrated into a single circuit. The concept of energy transfer is achieved by using two bi-directional SC converter cells that are operating in anti-phase. Good regulation capability and continuous input current waveform are the substantial advantages of the proposed converter for facilitating practical realization and reducing electromagnetic interference with the supply network and other circuits. The steady-state characteristic of the converter is studied by a state-space averaging technique. A prototype converter operating with 5 V/9 V and rated power 20 W has been built. The overall efficiency, which includes the power consumption of the driving circuit, is over 80% in both step-down and step-up operations.
Asymmetric magnetic bubble expansion under in-plane field in Pt/Co/Pt: Effect of interface engineering (2015)

We analyze the impact of growth conditions on the asymmetric magnetic bubble expansion under an in-plane field in ultrathin Pt/Co/Pt films. Specifically, using sputter deposition, we vary the Ar pressure during the growth of the top Pt layer. This induces a large change in the interfacial structure as evidenced by a factor three change in the effective perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Strikingly, a discrepancy between the current theory for domain-wall propagation based on a simple domain-wall energy density and our experimental results is found. This calls for further theoretical development of domain-wall creep under in-plane fields and varying structural asymmetry.
Pharmacotherapy of traumatic brain injury (2016)

This review describes the pharmacological options in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury based on the current evidence and guidelines. The ultimate goal of pharmacological treatment is the prevention of brain ischaemia and subsequent secondary brain damage. The focus is on resuscitation fluids and treatment of raised intracranial pressure by means of sedatives and osmotherapy, but also included options for neuroprotection and treatment of epilepsy.