gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epidermal stem cells arise from the hair follicle after wounding (2007)

During normal development, the epidermis and hair follicle are distinct lineage compartments maintained by independent stem cell populations. Both epidermal and follicular keratinocytes are recruited to participate in epidermal repair in response to injury. However, it is generally thought that follicular cells contribute to the wound epidermis only transiently and are ultimately replaced by the progeny of stem cells derived from the original epidermal compartment prior to wounding. Here we use inducible and constitutive cre recombinase expressed from the Sonic hedgehog locus (Shh) for in vivo lineage tracing. This analysis confirms that follicular cells participate in the initial resurfacing of the wound but also reveals that their progeny persist in wound epidermis for months after the wound is healed. It further demonstrates that Shh is not induced in keratinocytes during the wound healing process. We conclude that follicular cells can undergo reprogramming to become long-term repopulating epidermal progenitors following wounding.
Polypeptide hormone interaction. 3. Conformational changes of glucagon bound to lysolecithin. (1972)

Abstract The effect of lysolecithin micelles on the optical activity of the peptide group and the absorption of the aromatic groups of glucagon has been evaluated. The changes in these parameters suggest that conformational changes take place when glucagon is bound. Deshistidyl glucagon, but not smaller fragments, is bound to lysolecithin.
Computer support for transcribing recorded activity (1989)

For many researchers studying human activity, the diverse media and technologies used for recording, viewing and analysis place heavy demands on analysts who want to stay "close" to their primary data. At the same time, the analyses themselves can require very different representational media, posing difficulties for researchers wanting to juxtapose and compare multiple perspectives on their work. The tool described here is intended to address some of these issues by providing an extensible computer environment in which multiple chronologically organized representations of a single sequence of activity can be edited, juxtaposed, and aligned.
Improved Retention for a Al2O3 IPD Embedded Flash Cell without Top-Oxide (2008)

Using a 2Mb embedded Flash cell array as a demonstrator, we reported previously that a 3 V reduction in programming voltage was possible by replacing the ONO inter- poly dielectric (IPD) with an IPD comprising the high-k material, AI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> by Kakoschke, R., et al, (2007). Adding a thin protective top-oxide to the high-k IPD was later shown to significantly improve reliability in Power, J. R., et al, (2007). In this paper, we show that for integration schemes more suited to the material properties of AI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , reliably functioning 2 Mb demonstrators with a high-k IPD but without top-oxide protection are also feasible.
Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) in systemic necrotizing vasculitis. (1994)

The continuing morbidity of patients with vasculitis, despite the improved prognosis with aggressive therapy, underlines the need for accurate disease assessment. We have devised a clinical index of disease activity, and evaluated its use in several forms of necrotizing vasculitis. The weighted score is based on symptoms and signs in nine separate organ systems. Disease features are only scored if they are attributable to active vasculitis. The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) was compared with two other published vasculitis activity scores, with the physician's global assessment (PGA), with outcome, and with serological markers of disease activity. In a cross-sectional study of 213 consecutive patients with different forms of vasculitis, all 107 vasculitis patients who were judged completely well on clinical assessment had a BVAS score of 0. Twenty-two patients with active vasculitis prior to treatment had a median score of 7.5 (range 4-30) and 69 with active disease on treatment had a median score of 10 (1-29). Of the 12 who died, median score immediately prior to death was 20.5 (9-30). In a serial prospective study, 30 cases had documented episodes of active disease. During periods of disease activity, the median BVAS values were significantly higher than in remission (15 [range 3-32] vs. 0 [0-2], p < 0.001); the same was true for CRP values (80 [9-361] vs. 13.5 [5-68], p < 0.001). This was not true for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), haemoglobin (Hb) or von Willebrand factor (VWF).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Maternal Fish Consumption, Hair Mercury, and Infant Cognition in a U.S. Cohort (2005)

Fish and other seafood may contain organic mercury but also beneficial nutrients such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. We endeavored to study whether maternal fish consumption during pregnancy harms or benefits fetal brain development. We examined associations of maternal fish intake during pregnancy and maternal hair mercury at delivery with infant cognition among 135 mother-infant pairs in Project Viva, a prospective U.S. pregnancy and child cohort study. We assessed infant cognition by the percent novelty preference on visual recognition memory (VRM) testing at 6 months of age. Mothers consumed an average of 1.2 fish servings per week during the second trimester. Mean maternal hair mercury was 0.55 ppm, with 10% of samples > 1.2 ppm. Mean VRM score was 59.8 (range, 10.9-92.5). After adjusting for participant characteristics using linear regression, higher fish intake was associated with higher infant cognition. This association strengthened after adjustment for hair mercury level: For each additional weekly fish serving, offspring VRM score was 4.0 points higher [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3 to 6.7]. However, an increase of 1 ppm in mercury was associated with a decrement in VRM score of 7.5 (95% CI, -13.7 to -1.2) points. VRM scores were highest among infants of women who consumed > 2 weekly fish servings but had mercury levels </= 1.2 ppm. Higher fish consumption in pregnancy was associated with better infant cognition, but higher mercury levels were associated with lower cognition. Women should continue to eat fish during pregnancy but choose varieties with lower mercury contamination.
First OpenFlow-based Software-Defined λ-Flow Architecture for Flex-Grid OFDMA Mobile Backhaul over Passive Optical Networks with Filterless Direct Detection ONUs (2013)

We demonstrate the first software-defined OpenFlow1.0-based flex-grid λ-flow architecture enabling 150Mb/s per-cell OFDMA MBH overlays onto bidirectional 10Gb/s PON, without any ONU-side optical filtering, amplification, or coherent detection over 20km SSMF and 1:64 passive split.
Characterization of a novel malignant B cell line with t(14;18) and t(4;11) established from a patient with acute monoblastic leukemia. (1997)

The severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model is an important tool with which to study new strategies for treating hematologic neoplasia. For these experiments, a large number of human cell lines growing in SCID mice are a prerequisite. We describe a new Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive B cell line, designated BEVA, with a complex karyotype including translocations t(14:18)(q32;q21) and t(4;11) (q21;q23) that meets this need. As demonstrated by Southern blot analysis, BCL2 at 18q21, but not MLL/ALL1 at 11q23, was involved in these translocations. BEVA cells coexpressed lymphoid (IgG-kappa, CD19, CD20, CD21, and CD24) and myeloid (CD11b, CD15, and CDw65) markers. Interestingly, the cell line was established from the bone marrow culture of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Examination of bone marrow biopsy specimens suggested the presence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in this patient in addition to AML. In vitro and in vivo growth characteristics of the BEVA cell line were compared with the previously described EBV-positive B cell line DoHH2, also carrying a translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21). These DoHH2 cells additionally expressed CD10, whereas, in contrast to BEVA cells, only a small population of DoHH2 cells showed expression of CD44. Both cell lines showed similar growth characteristics in vitro, but reacted differently to cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-7, and alpha-interferon (IFN). Upon inoculation in SCID mice, marked differences were observed in the dissemination patterns of the BEVA or DoHH2 cells. Although both cell lines circulated in the blood and were predominantly found in murine bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, DoHH2 cells infiltrated the murine spleens, whereas BEVA cells could only rarely be detected in these tissues. In contrast to DoHH2 cells, BEVA cells gave rise to tumor masses in liver, kidney, and para-aortal or mesenteric lymph nodes. The relationship between these in vitro differences and the observed differences in dissemination of both cell lines is discussed.
FaceBagNet: Bag-Of-Local-Features Model for Multi-Modal Face Anti-Spoofing (2019)

Face anti-spoofing detection is a crucial procedure in biometric face recognition systems. State-of-the-art approaches, based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), present good results in this field. However, previous works focus on one single modal data with limited number of subjects. The recently published CASIA-SURF dataset is the largest dataset that consists of 1000 subjects and 21000 video clips with 3 modalities (RGB, Depth and IR). In this paper, we propose a multi-stream CNN architecture called FaceBagNet to make full use of this data. The input of FaceBagNet is patch-level images which contributes to extract spoof-specific discriminative information. In addition, in order to prevent overfitting and for better learning the fusion features, we design a Modal Feature Erasing (MFE) operation on the multi-modal features which erases features from one randomly selected modality during training. As the result, our approach wins the second place in CVPR 2019 ChaLearn Face Anti-spoofing attack detection challenge. Our final submission gets the score of 99.8052% (TPR@FPR = 10e-4) on the test set.
Nodule-Inducing Activity of Synthetic <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> Nodulation Factors and Related Lipo-Chitooligosaccharides on Alfalfa<i>.</i>Importance of the Acyl Chain Structure1 (1999)

Sinorhizobium meliloti nodulation factors (NFs) elicit a number of symbiotic responses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) roots. Using a semiquantitative nodulation assay, we have shown that chemically synthesized NFs trigger nodule formation in the same range of concentrations (down to 10(-10) M) as natural NFs. The absence of O-sulfate or O-acetate substitutions resulted in a decrease in morphogenic activity of more than 100-fold and approximately 10-fold, respectively. To address the question of the influence of the structure of the N-acyl chain, we synthesized a series of sulfated tetrameric lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) having fatty acids of different lengths and with unsaturations either conjugated to the carbonyl group (2E) or located in the middle of the chain (9Z). A nonacylated, sulfated chitin tetramer was unable to elicit nodule formation. Acylation with short (C8) chains rendered the LCO active at 10(-7) M. The optimal chain length was C16, with the C16-LCO being more than 10-fold more active than the C12- and C18-LCOs. Unsaturations were important, and the diunsaturated 2E,9Z LCO was more active than the monounsaturated LCOs. We discuss different hypotheses for the role of the acyl chain in NF perception.
Experimental and Numerical Study of the LENS Rapid Fabrication Process (2009)

Several aspects of the thermal behavior of deposited stainless steel 410 (SS410) during the laser engineered net shaping (LENS™) process were investigated experimentally and numerically. Thermal images in the molten pool and surrounding area were recorded using a two-wavelength imaging pyrometer system, and analyzed using THERMAVIZ™ software to obtain the temperature distribution. The molten pool size, temperature gradient, and cooling rate were obtained from the recorded history of temperature profiles. The dynamic shape of the molten pool, including the pool size in both travel direction and depth direction was investigated, and the effect of different process parameters was illustrated. The thermal experiments were performed in a LENS™ 850 machine with a 3 kW IPG Photonics laser for different process parameters. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to calculate the temperature distribution in the LENS™ process as a function of time and process parameters. The modeling results showed good agreement with the experimental data.
Mast Cells are Important Modifiers of Autoimmune Disease: With so Much Evidence, Why is There Still Controversy? (2012)

There is abundant evidence that mast cells are active participants in events that mediate tissue damage in autoimmune disease. Disease-associated increases in mast cell numbers accompanied by mast cell degranulation and elaboration of numerous mast cell mediators at sites of inflammation are commonly observed in many human autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and bullous pemphigoid. In animal models, treatment with mast cell stabilizing drugs or mast cell ablation can result in diminished disease. A variety of receptors including those engaged by antibody, complement, pathogens and intrinsic danger signals are implicated in mast cell activation in disease. Similar to their role as first responders in infection settings, mast cells likely orchestrate early recruitment of immune cells, including neutrophils, to the sites of autoimmune destruction. This co-localization promotes cellular crosstalk and activation and results in the amplification of the local inflammatory response thereby promoting and sustaining tissue damage. Despite the evidence, there is still a debate regarding the relative role of mast cells in these processes. However, by definition, mast cells can only act as accessory cells to the self-reactive T and/or antibody driven autoimmune responses. Thus, when evaluating mast cell involvement using existing and somewhat imperfect animal models of disease, their importance is sometimes obscured. However, these potent immune cells are undoubtedly major contributors to autoimmunity and should be considered as important targets for therapeutic disease intervention.
Magnetic susceptibility measurement of insoluble solids by NMR: Magnetic susceptibility of bone. (1997)

Measurements of the volume magnetic susceptibility of solids using the classical Gouy balance approach are hampered by variations in apparent density of the packed powder. In this paper a quantitative NMR measurement of the volume magnetic susceptibility of powdered solids is described and the volume susceptibility of bone is reported. The technique is based on the measurement of changes in incremental linewidth (1/pi T2') induced in a marker fluid whose susceptibility can be predictably modified by changing the composition, such as by addition of a soluble diamagnetic compound. The spectroscopic linewidth of the marker fluid is determined by the susceptibility difference between the fluid and the suspended solid. Changes in the linewidth are accompanied by bulk magnetic susceptibility induced frequency shifts in the fluid resonance. Correlating the two dependencies allows measurement of the absolute volume susceptibility of the solid. The susceptibility of bovine rib bone was found to be -0.9 +/- 0.02 x -10(-6) (CGS) confirming previous estimates which suggested bone to be more diamagnetic than the marrow constituents. Knowledge of the susceptibility of bone is relevant in view of the growing interest in MRI osteodensitometric techniques.
Etiology of infantile autism: a review of recent advances in genetic and neurobiological research. (1999)

The etiology of autism is complex, and in most cases the underlying pathologic mechanisms are unknown. Autism is a hetereogeneous disorder, diagnosed subjectively on the basis of a large number of criteria. Recent research has investigated genetics, in utero insults and brain function as well as neurochemical and immunological factors. On the basis of family and twin studies, there appears to be a genetic basis for a wide "autistic syndrome." About a quarter of cases of autism are associated with genetic disorders such as fragile X syndrome or with infectious diseases such as congenital rubella. Genetic studies have shown an association between autism markers of brain development such as 3 markers of the c-Harvey-ros oncogene and the homeobox gene EN2. In some cases, autism is associated with insults early in gestation, including thalidomide embryopathy. Autism may arise from abnormal central nervous system functioning, since most autistic patients have indications of brain dysfunction, and about half of them have abnormal electroencephalograms. Similarly, the pattern of evoked response potentials and conduction time is altered in autistic children. There is substantial evidence from neuroimaging studies that dysfunctions in the cerebellum and possibly the temporal lobe and association cortex occur in autistic symptoms. Neurochemical studies have investigated the role of serotonin, epinephrine and norepinephrine, since levels of these neurotransmitters are altered in autism, although other hypotheses implicate overactive brain opioid systems and changes in oxytocin neurotransmission. Autoimmunity may also play a role; antibodies against myelin basic protein are often found in children with autism, who also have increased eosinophil and basophil response to IgE-mediated reactions. In summary, the prevailing view is that autism is caused by a pathophysiologic process arising from the interaction of an early environmental insult and a genetic predisposition.
Cardioselectivity of .beta.-adrenoceptor blocking agents. 2. Role of the amino group substituent (1983)

A series of 1-(aralkylamino)-3-(aryloxy)propan-2-ols were synthesized, and their apparent dissociation constants (Kapp) were determined by using rat ventricular muscle (RVM) and rat lung membrane (RLM) preparations. Analysis of the binding studies suggests the existence of different modes of binding dependent on the presence or absence of the 4-substituent in the aryloxy ring and the nature of that ring. Without 4-substitution only one compound (4), bearing the 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl substituent on the amino group, shows high cardioselectivity. Introduction of the 4-acylamido substituent into the phenoxy ring renders all compounds cardioselective. The cardioselective influence of 4-substitution is diminished or eliminated when the phenoxy ring is replaced by naphth-1-yloxy.
A neutron-diffraction study of the crystal structure of analcime, NaAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> · H<sub>2</sub>O (1972)

Article A neutron-diffraction study of the crystal structure of analcime, NaAlSi2O6 · H2O was published on November 1, 1972 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (volume 135, issue 1-6).
Microsoft Project 98 Bible (1997)

From the Publisher:
Whether you're a seasoned project manager or an armchair planner, Microsoft Project 98 Bible, the most sophisticated project management software available, is the essential resource for project scheduling, budgeting, tracking, and troubleshooting. Microsoft Project 98 Bible covers it all, from project management basics and cost assignments to advanced techniques such as Internet applications and custom graphic features. 
In Microsoft Project 98 Bible, authors Nancy Stevenson and Elaine Marmel will hone your project management skills by helping you: 
Establish timing for your project tasks.
Handle unusual cost situations.
Use the Gantt Chart Wizard's interactive dialog boxes to format certain aspects of your project.
Insert drawings and objects in Ghantt charts, notes, headers and resource forms.
Resolve scheduling conflicts by splitting a task or changing constraints.
Record time and cost actuals during the course of your project.

Microsoft Project 98 Bible also includes a bonus CD-ROM packed with timesaving project templates and high-productivity project management tools like PERT Chart EXPERT, TimeSheet Professional, and Project Kickstart.
Restructuring Porous YSZ by Treatment in Hydrofluoric Acid for Use in SOFC Cathodes (2011)

The structure of porous yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been modified by infiltration with concentrated hydrofluoric acid for application in solid‐oxide fuel cell electrodes. Dissolution and precipitation of the YSZ greatly increased the surface area of the porous YSZ and formed sheets and pillars of YSZ within the structure that were largely stable to calcination at 1373 K. Electrodes made by infiltration of 35 wt% (20 vol%) La 0.8 Sr 0.2 FeO 3 into the pore structure exhibited significantly lower impedances at 973 K, even after calcination to 1373 K.
Mid‐infrared scanning near‐field optical microscope resolves 30 nm (1999)

We explore the performance of a scanning near-field infrared microscope, which works by scattering tightly focused CO2 laser radiation (lambda = 10 microm) from the apex of a metallized atomic force microscope tip. The infrared images of test samples prove a spatial resolution of 30 nm and are free of topographical and inertial artefacts, thus they should be of great interest for practical applications. We also observe that the infrared contrast vanishes when the input beam polarization is orthogonal to the tip axis, in accordance with theoretical expectations for a mechanism of longitudinal field interaction.
Combined effects of argon laser irradiation and fluoride treatments in prevention of caries-like lesion formation in enamel: an in vitro study. (1999)

The sample of this study consisted of 10 human permanent molars, which were sectioned into tooth quarters using slow speed diamond saw (Isomet), then a quarter from each tooth was assigned to one of four treatment groups: A) control (no treatment); B) argon laser only; C) argon laser plus neutral sodium fluoride for 4 minutes; D) argon laser with zinc fluoride for 4 minutes; each tooth quarter was coated with acid resistant varnish, leaving a window of 2 mm x 3 mm of sound enamel exposed. The results were that teeth treated with argon laser and then with zinc fluoride for four minutes have significantly reduced white spotting or etching. Zinc fluoride and argon laser combination are particularly effective in compensating for carbonate inclusion. It has a property of stabilizing hydroxyapetite crystal and restoring the structural defects of this crystal. Caries detection dye is a reliable diagnostic tool for white spot lesions. It reduces the false positive and false negative results by 60%, when compared with visual 16x magnification.