gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A review of current hemostatic agents and tissue sealants used in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. (2011)

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is currently considered to be one of the most challenging procedures in minimally invasive urological surgery. With an increasing number of renal tumors being managed using LPN, there is now a further interest in the development of techniques and agents to reduce complications associated with the procedure. Hemostasis is of paramount importance during LPN, and hemostatic agents and tissue sealants are now being used commonly during LPN. Despite this, there is a dearth of prospective, randomized, human trials in current literature that compare the various agents. This review evaluates hemostatic agents and tissue sealants being used during LPN as an adjuvant to suturing in human studies.
SteadyFlow: Spatially Smooth Optical Flow for Video Stabilization (2014)

We propose a novel motion model, SteadyFlow, to represent the motion between neighboring video frames for stabilization. A SteadyFlow is a specific optical flow by enforcing strong spatial coherence, such that smoothing feature trajectories can be replaced by smoothing pixel profiles, which are motion vectors collected at the same pixel location in the SteadyFlow over time. In this way, we can avoid brittle feature tracking in a video stabilization system. Besides, SteadyFlow is a more general 2D motion model which can deal with spatially-variant motion. We initialize the SteadyFlow by optical flow and then discard discontinuous motions by a spatial-temporal analysis and fill in missing regions by motion completion. Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our stabilization on real-world challenging videos.
The <i>mutA</i> mistranslator tRNA‐induced mutator phenotype requires <i>recA</i> and <i>recB</i> genes, but not the derepression of <i>lexA</i>‐regulated functions (1999)

The mapping of mutA and mutC mutator alleles to the glyV and glyW glycine tRNA genes, respectively, and the subsequent discovery that the mutA phenotype is abolished in a DeltarecA strain raise the possibility that asp --> gly misinsertion may induce a novel mutagenic pathway. The recA requirement suggests three possibilities: (i) the SOS mutagenesis pathway is activated in mutA cells; (ii) loss of recA function interferes with mutA-promoted asp --> gly misinsertion; or (iii) a hitherto unrecognized recA-dependent mutagenic pathway is activated by translational stress. By assaying the expression levels of a reporter plasmid bearing a umuC :lacZ fusion, we show that the SOS regulon is not in a derepressed state in mutA cells. Neither overexpression of the lexA gene through a multicopy plasmid nor replacement of the wild-type lexA allele with the lexA1[Ind-] allele interferes with the expression of the mutA phenotype. The mutA phenotype is unaffected in cells defective for dinB, as shown here, and is unaffected in cells defective for umuD and umuC genes, as shown previously. We show that mutA-promoted asp --> gly misinsertion occurs in recA- cells and, therefore, the requirement for recA is 'downstream' of mistranslation. Finally, we show that the mutA phenotype is abolished in cells deficient for recB, suggesting that cellular recombination functions may be required for the expression of the mutator phenotype. We propose that translational stress induces a previously unrecognized mutagenic pathway in Escherichia coli.
Extended MRF-based Adaptive Detection Approach for Restoring Images Degraded by Gaussian Noise (2013)

This paper proposes a spatially adaptive noise-detection and removal algorithm. The noise component is estimated with local statistics from an observed degraded image. In addition, the first order MRF is used to improve the noise detection performance prior to apply an adaptive low-pass filter having a variable filter window. Experimental results demonstrate the capability of the proposed algorithm.
Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments Using OAuth and UMA (2015)

Authentication and authorization are fundamental security features
used in Internet and applications. Providing the same level of
security functionality to the Internet of Things (IoT) environment as
well is a logical enhancement and reduces the risk of unauthorized
access to personal data. devices, however, have limitations in
terms of processing power, memory, user interface, Internet
connectivity, etc. Since many use cases span and environments
and the question of Web vs. IoT can in some cases be considered a
continuum, it is required to find security solutions that can
accommodate the capabilities and constraints of both environments
without significant compromises. Thus, an approach of adapting
already standardized and deployed authentication and authorization
technologies is worth examining. This document describes how the Web
Authorization Protocol (OAuth) in combination with User-Managed Access
(UMA) can be used for an environment to bring Web-scale
authorization services to the world.
A Multilayer Dielectric- and Magnetic-Film Memory Cell Designed for Optical Read Out (1964)

A 4×4 matrix formulation of optical reflection from multilayer dielectric and magnetic films has been developed and applied to a structure consisting of a dielectric film on top of a magnetic film all on a mirror substrate. The dielectric thickness d1 is specified by tan (n1β12πd1/λ0) = (1/n1β1) (λ0/2πd), where λ0 is the free-space wavelength, n1 the index of refraction of the dielectric, β1 the cosine of the angle of propagation in the dielectric (measured to the film normal), and d the thickness of the magnetic film (d≃200 Å). The longitudinal Kerr reflection coefficient k⊥ = H∥r/H⊥t, where r and t refer to reflected and transmitted (incident) waves, and ∥ and ⊥ to the states of polarization, is calculated under the assumption that k1«1 to be k⊥ = i2γ0n12 (2πd/λ0) p, where γ0≃1 is the cosine of the angle of light incidence (measured to the film plane), and p is the gyromagnetic constant. In principle for large n1 the upper limit on |k⊥| is determined only by the breakdown of the assumption k⊥«1. For n1≃3, d=200 Å, λ0=1 μ, and p=5×10−2 (Fe at 1 μ), the energy-conversion efficiency w =|k⊥|≃10−4.
DRAMA: Exploiting DRAM Addressing for Cross-CPU Attacks (2015)

In cloud computing environments, multiple tenants are often co-located on the same multi-processor system. Thus, preventing information leakage between tenants is crucial. While the hypervisor enforces software isolation, shared hardware, such as the CPU cache or memory bus, can leak sensitive information. For security reasons, shared memory between tenants is typically disabled. Furthermore, tenants often do not share a physical CPU. In this setting, cache attacks do not work and only a slow cross-CPU covert channel over the memory bus is known. In contrast, we demonstrate a high-speed covert channel as well as the first side-channel attack working across processors and without any shared memory. To build these attacks, we use the undocumented DRAM address mappings. We present two methods to reverse engineer the mapping of memory addresses to DRAM channels, ranks, and banks. One uses physical probing of the memory bus, the other runs entirely in software and is fully automated. Using this mapping, we introduce DRAMA attacks, a novel class of attacks that exploit the DRAM row buffer that is shared, even in multi-processor systems. Thus, our attacks work in the most restrictive environments. First, we build a covert channel with a capacity of up to 2 Mbps, which is three to four orders of magnitude faster than memory-bus-based channels. Second, we build a side-channel template attack that can automatically locate and monitor memory accesses. Third, we show how using the DRAM mappings improves existing attacks and in particular enables practical Rowhammer attacks on DDR4.
Subcloning, Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Recombinant Human Leptin-binding Domain (2002)

A subdomain of the human leptin receptor encoding part of the extracellular domain (amino acids 428 to 635) was subcloned, expressed in a prokaryotic host, and purified to homogeneity, as evidenced by SDS-PAGE, with over 95% monomeric protein. The purified leptin-binding domain (LBD) exhibited the predicted beta structure, was capable of binding human, ovine, and chicken leptins, and formed a stable 1:1 complex with all mammalian leptins. The binding kinetics, assayed by surface plasmon resonance methodology, showed respective k(on) and k(off) values (mean +/- S.E.) of 1.20 +/- 0.23 x 10(-5) mol(-1) s(-1) and 1.85 +/- 0.30 x 10(-3) s(-1) and a K(d) value of 1.54 x 10(-8) m. Similar results were achieved with conventional binding experiments. LBD blocked leptin-induced, but not interleukin-3-induced, proliferation of BAF/3 cells stably transfected with the long form of human leptin receptor. The modeled LBD structure and the known three-dimensional structure of human leptin were used to construct a model of 1:1 LBD.human leptin complex. Two main residues, Phe-500, located in loop L3, and Tyr-441, located in L1, are suggested to contribute to leptin binding.
A marvel of colors and ingredients. The story of urine test strip. (1994)

The history of the urinary test papers does not being in the post-war period. As early as the 1880's some practitioners and pharmacists tried to replace the complicated wet-chemical procedures and apparatus by "dry chemistry." The first popular test paper for sugar and albumin originated in England in 1883. Dry reagents for proving hematuria have been available since the beginning of this century. Until the 1930s a wide palette of commercial urine tests with "modern" brand names was established. A methodological breakthrough was created by the spot test chemistry inaugurated by the Austrian, Fritz Feigl, about 1920. Using the capillary properties of filter paper in enhancing color reactions he founded a new area of analytical chemistry. Many of the pioneers were recruited from Jewish scientists. In this lecture is proposed that their emigration and banishment as well as the Second World War have stopped the development of urinary diagnostics on the European continent. In the post-war period the American industry succeeded to the leading position in the researching and marketing of test papers. In 1956, the triumphal progress of the "stick tests" began with the "Clinistix" (Ames Company, today Bayer Diagnostic).
Low-complexity ML decoding for convolutional tail-biting codes (2008)

Recently, a maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding algorithm with two phases has been proposed for convolutional tailbiting codes [1]. The first phase applies the Viterbi algorithm to obtain the trellis information, and then the second phase employs the algorithm A* to find the ML solution. In this work, we improve the complexity of the algorithm A* by using a new evaluation function. Simulations showed that the improved A* algorithm has over 5 times less average decoding complexity in the second phase when E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">b</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ≥4 dB.
Oxygenation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids by the Vesicular Gland of Sheep (1967)

Abstract The products formed on oxygenation of certain unsaturated fatty acids in preparations of sheep vesicular gland have been studied. Oxygenation of linoleic acid yielded 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid (82%) and 13-hydroxy-9, 11-octadecadienoic acid (18%). Oxygenation of 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid yielded 11-hydroxy-8,12,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 15-hydroxy-8,11,13-eicosatrienoic acid, 12-hydroxy-8,10-heptadecadienoic acid, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), and prostaglandin F1α. The biosynthesis of 12-hydroxy-8,10-heptadecadienoic acid was studied with the use of [2-14C]-, [9-3H,3-14C]-, [10-3H,3-14C]-, [11-3H,2-14C]-, [13d-3H,3-14C]-, [13l-3H,3-14C]-, and [15-3H,3-14C]8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acids. These experiments showed that C-9, C-10, and C-11 are eliminated from the precursor and that the stereochemistry of the removal of hydrogen from C-13 is identical with that occurring during the biosynthesis of PGE1. The 3-carbon compound formed together with 12-hydroxy-8,10-heptadecadienoic acid from 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid was identified as malonaldehyde. The identification could be accomplished by condensing malonaldehyde with l-arginine, yielding δ-N-2(pyrimidinyl)-l-ornithine. The mode of formation of 12-hydroxy-8,10-heptadecadie-noic acid and malonaldehyde from 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid is discussed. The compounds are proposed to originate in a cyclic peroxide, which has earlier been postulated to be an intermediate in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins.
Reply: Metformin in therapy naive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (2008)

Metformin in therapy na ve patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Sir, We have read with great interest the paper by The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of metformin administration in the total spectrum of treatment possibilities for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in terms of fertility improvement, and having as primary end-point the live-birth rate.
Dental Erosion Patterns from Intrinsic Acid Regurgitation and Vomiting (2002)

These results validate that lingual cervical lesions associated with incisal erosion on the mandibular anterior teeth are strong discriminators between tooth wear in patients with bulimia nervosa or chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux and those whose dental erosion is due to extrinsic acids.
Desire in the Song of Songs, Lacan, and the Responses of Heloise and Abelard (2008)

This paper explores the way Lacan plucks elements from Christian mystical tradition to develop his thinking about love. It suggests parallels between his thought and a debate between Abelard and Heloise about the nature of love. The core text in shaping Christian mystical thinking was the Song of Songs, with its discourse of unrequited desire of a love that is as strong as death. It considers how the Song stimulated medieval thinking about love, especially in a monastic context, also among female mystics, as well as how this approach differed from that of Aristotelian analysis, popular within university circles between the 12th and 15th centuries. It also compares the specific discussion of love by Abelard and Heloise in their letters to ideas of Lacan. Just as he posited that there was no such thing as a sexual relationship, so Heloise refused to accept that her relationship with Abelard could be reified as sexual, in the way he had imagined it in his autobiographical account. While Lacan's thinking was fundamentally shaped by his vision of a return to Freud, it can also be seen as drawing, at least in part, on traditions inspired by the Song of Songs.
A convenient UHPLC-MS/MS method for routine monitoring of plasma and brain levels of nicotine and cotinine as a tool to validate newly developed preclinical smoking model in mouse (2017)

This method was successfully utilized to validate a newly developed preclinical smoking model in mice.
Nutritional factors affecting quantity and quality of carcass fat in chickens. (1979)

Nonpathological fattening of a bird occurs when the amount of energy consumed exceeds its requirements for maintenance and growth. Dietary energy and protein levels, particularly the ratio of these two, are the main dietary factors affecting fatness. Consumption of diets low in protein results in excess energy intake and an increased hepatic lipogenesis. Excess protein has the opposite effect. It also increases the energy expenditure required to dispose of excess amino acids in the body. Severe deficiency of a specific amino acid does not increase fattening. The degree of fattening, particularly of the liver, induced by corticosterone injection is greater in birds fed diets containing a wide energy-to-protein ratio in comparison to a narrow ratio. The content of dietary fat per se does not affect carcass fat concentration although it alters the rate of liver fatty acid synthesis. The dietary fatty acid composition affects the composition of tissue fatty acids. Consumption of diets containing vegetable oils or high in protein increases the degree of unsaturation of tissue fat and thereby its susceptibility to oxidation. Dietary dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate increases the stability of the lipids of adipose and muscle tissue of chicks with relatively saturated body fat, but the dietary effectiveness of this vitamin in improving the stability of tissues of birds having relatively unsaturated fat is limited.
音乐教育面临的新挑战——保存、传授传统遗产和民族文化 (1993)

在美国四百年的历史中,许多国家的移民到美国定居。近几年来,人们愈来愈认识到国家的多民族的特点。与中国相比,美国是个年轻的国家,可是我国文化与日剧增的多异性,为我们在保存和传授传统和富有民族特点的音乐文化上,提出了新的问题。
Biomechanical study of the effect of a controlled bending on tomato stem elongation: local strain sensing and spatial integration of the signal (2000)

In a previous paper it has been demonstrated that tomato stems, submitted to a controlled basal bending, had a reduced terminal primary elongation, indicating mechanosensing and intra plant signalling. The 'intensity' of the growth response, as measured by the time to recover an elongation rate similar to the control, varied hugely between plants. However, no relation was found between the intensity of this response and the mechanical variables characterizing the global mechanical state of the stem. In this paper, a local analysis of mechanical state of each bent stem is performed in the context of beam theory. The spatial distributions of local variables all along the stem (curvature, bending moment, strains and stresses) are established. The validity of hypotheses underlying the mechanical analysis is demonstrated. To investigate the relationships between the mechanical stimulus and the growth response, a novel biomechanical analysis based on spatial integration of the mechanical stimulus is presented. It revealed that the mechanosensing is local and scattered through the stem and that the variability of the growth response is only explained by the integrals of the longitudinal strain field.
Curved CCDs and their application with astronomical telescopes and stereo panoramic cameras (2004)

The creation of curved CCD’s and the mosaicing of contoured CCD’s mounted within the curved focal planes of telescopes and stereo panoramic imaging cameras introduces a revolution in optical design that greatly enhances the scientific potential of such instruments. In the alteration of the primary detection surface within the instrument’s optical system from flat to curved, and precisely matching the applied CCD’s shape to the contour of the curved focal plane, a major increase in the amount of transmittable light at various wavelengths through the system is achieved, thereby enabling multi-spectral ultra-sensitive imaging for a variety of experiments simultaneously, including autostereoscopic image acquisition. For earth-based and space-borne optical telescopes, the advent of curved CCD’s as the principle detectors provides a simplification of the telescope’s adjoining optics, reducing the number of optical elements and the occurrence of optical aberrations associated with large corrective optics used to conform to flat detectors. New astronomical experiments may be devised in the presence of curved CCD applications, including 3 dimensional imaging spectroscopy conducted over multiple wavelengths simultaneously, wide field real-time stereoscopic tracking of remote objects within the solar system at high resolution, and deep field mapping of distant objects such as galaxies with much greater precision and over larger sky regions. Stereo panoramic cameras equipped with arrays of curved CCD’s will require less optical glass and no mechanically moving parts to maintain proper stereo convergence over wider perspective viewing fields than their flat CCD counterparts, making the cameras lighter and faster in their ability to scan and record 3 dimensional objects moving within an industrial or terrain environment. Preliminary experiments conducted at the Sarnoff Corporation indicate the feasibility of curved CCD imagers with acceptable electro-optic integrity. Currently, we are in the process of evaluatingthe electro-optic performance of a curved wafer scale CCD imager. Detailed ray trace modeling and experimental electro-optical data performance obtained from the curved imager will be presented at the conference.
A LINEAR ARRAY FOR LARGE SPARSE MATRIX OPERATIONS – II TRIANGULAR SYSTEM SOLVERS AND MATRIX MULTIPLICATION (1999)

Two triangular system solvers, one for the lower triangular system and the other for the upper triangular system, are developed and implemented on the linear array. Tests conducted with respect to these two solvers reveal that the performance of the backward solver is better than that of the forward solver. The matrix multiplication routine that is implemented on the linear array shows linear speed-up up to 64 processors.
Preservation of Left Ventricular Function and Attenuation of Remodeling After Transplantation of Human Epicardium-Derived Cells Into the Infarcted Mouse Heart (2007)

After transplantation into ischemic myocardium, adult human EPDCs preserve cardiac function and attenuate ventricular remodeling. Autologous human EPDCs are promising candidates for clinical application in infarcted hearts.
Human Fibroblast Collagenase-α-Macroglobulin Interactions (1989)

The interaction between human fibroblast collagenase and five mammalian alpha-macroglobulins (human alpha 2-macroglobulin and pregnancy zone protein, rat alpha 1- and alpha 2-macroglobulin, and rat alpha 1-inhibitor 3) differing in primary and quaternary structure has been investigated. Complex formation with each of these alpha-macroglobulins follows the course identified for many other proteinases, i.e. specific limited proteolysis in their bait regions inducing a set of conformational changes resulting in activation of the internal beta-cysteinyl-gamma-glutamyl thiol esters and covalent complex formation. At collagenase: alpha-macroglobulin molar ratios of less than 1:1 3.2-3.6 mol of SH groups appear for 1 mol of collagenase bound to human and rat alpha 2-macroglobulin and to rat alpha 1-macroglobulin. For these alpha-macroglobulins it can be estimated that the overall rate constant of complex formation is greater than 1.10(6) M-1 s-1 while it is much lower for human pregnancy zone protein and rat alpha 1-inhibitor 3. More than 95% of the complexed collagenase is covalently bound, and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis shows the typical pattern of bands corresponding to reaction products of very high apparent molecular weight. The same pattern is also seen in the covalent (greater than 98%) complex very slowly formed from Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and human alpha 2-macroglobulin. The identification of the sites of specific limited proteolysis in the bait regions of the five alpha-macroglobulins shows that cleavage may take place in sequences that are not related to those identified earlier in the collagens. These results greatly expand the repertoire of sequences known to be cleaved by fibroblast collagenase and suggest that this proteinase has a primary substrate specificity resembling that of the microbial proteinase thermolysin, as it preferentially cleaves at the NH2-terminal side of large hydrophobic residues. In addition, the results highlight the unique structure of the flexible alpha-macroglobulin bait region in that it can accommodate a conformation required by the highly restrictive fibroblasts collagenase. It is suggested that alpha-macroglobulins may play an important role in locally controlling the activity of collagenases and perhaps other proteinases of the extracellular matrix.