gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reform or Refusal? Living in Democratic Capitalism (2012)

Abstract This chapter argues that forms of displaced revolutionary thinking have been more important to literary theory than reformist and liberal thinking. On the one side, it presents Maurice Blanchot's career as an example of how political and social revolutionary fervour has helped shape an influential account of literary writing. On the other side, it argues that the refusal/reform dichotomy is obsolete. Today, we cannot choose between them but need to embrace them both simultaneously. It presents a brief genealogy of this, perhaps rather counterintuitive, bicameral approach, which takes us deep into the history of Western thought and spiritual practice.
Evidence for transcriptional activation of ERalpha by IL-1beta in breast cancer cells. (1999)

Estrogen is mitogenic in breast cancer where IL-1beta also fulfils a role. The aim of this study was to determine any relationship between IL-1beta and ERalpha in breast cancer. By RT-PCR, 26/77 tumours expressed IL-1beta, and 57/77 expressed ERalpha. Samples which were IL-1beta positive were categorised against those which expressed ERalpha. Of the 26 tumours which expressed IL-1beta, all were ERalpha positive. We next examined whether IL-1beta could directly activate ERalpha. MCF-7 cells stably transfected with a plasmid reporter (ERE-TK-LUC) were incubated with either 17beta-estradiol (E2, 10-9-10-13 M), IL-1beta (10 ng/ml), the pure antiestrogen ZM 182780 (10 nM) or combinations of these substances. Transcriptional activity was measured in cell lysates 48 h later. E2 caused a dose-dependent increase in luciferase activity. With IL-1beta, transcriptional activity was typically half of the E2 response. To determine the role of the IL-1 receptor, parallel cultures were incubated with IL-1 receptor antagonist. This reduced, but did not completely block the effect of IL-1beta, suggesting that IL-1beta was affecting transcriptional activity via another pathway. Confirmation that the effect was via ERalpha was verified using the pure antiestrogen, ZM 182370, which completely abrogated the effects of E2, when added alone or in combination with IL-1beta. These results provide compelling evidence for direct transcriptional activation of ERalpha by IL-1beta. Interactions of these factors may thus modulate hormonal activity in human breast tumours.
Purification of simian virus 40 large T antigen by immunoaffinity chromatography (1985)

Simian virus 40 large T antigen from lytically infected cells has been purified to near homogeneity by immunochromatography of the cell extract on a protein A-Sepharose-monoclonal antibody column. The resulting T antigen retains biochemical activity; i.e., it hydrolyzes ATP and binds to simian virus 40 DNA at the origin of replication.
Direct and latent modeling techniques for computing spoken document similarity (2010)

Document similarity measures are required for a variety of data organization and retrieval tasks including document clustering, document link detection, and query-by-example document retrieval. In this paper we examine existing and novel document similarity measures for use with spoken document collections processed with automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology. We compare direct vector space approaches using the cosine similarity measure applied to feature vectors constructed with various forms of term frequency inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) normalization against latent topic modeling approaches based on latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). In document link detection experiments on the Fisher Corpus, we find that an approach that applies bagging to models derived from LDA substantially outperforms the direct vector space approach.
Automatic semantic role labeling in a Dutch corpus (2006)

In this thesis, an approach to automatic semantic role labeling (SRL) in Dutch corpora is presented. Although there has been an increasing interest in automatic SRL in recent years,\nprevious research has focused mainly on English corpora. Adapting earlier research to the\nDutch situation poses an interesting challenge. First and foremost, because the machine\nlearning techniques used in previous research can not be applied to Dutch texts. This is due\nto the fact that there is no semantically annotated Dutch corpus available that can be used\nas training data.\nIn order to solve this problem, a novel approach to rule-based tagging based on Alpino dependency\ntrees is proposed in the first part of this thesis. This approach has been implemented\nin a rule-based semantic argument tagger, called XARA. After a corpus has been tagged automatically\nby XARA, manual annotation can be performed relatively fast, since annotators\nonly need to correct XARA’s output instead of starting annotation from scratch. In the last\npart of this thesis, the training and evaluation of a learning system for SRL trained on such\na manually corrected corpus is discussed.\nThe evaluation shows that both XARA and the learning system achieve satisfactory results:\nthe rule-based system achieves an F-score of 50,79, the learning system an F-score of 65,29.
Isolation of a Carborane‐Fused Triazole Radical Anion (2013)

Outside the cage: A change in the redox properties of a triazole fused to a carborane anion through methylation to form a zwitterion enabled facile chemical reduction of the compound to an isolable triazole radical anion (see structure: C gray, H white, N blue, B brown, Cl green). The radical anion is stabilized by kinetic protection by the chlorinated carborane and the delocalization of spin density throughout the exo-cluster π system.
SOLVING SPARSE TRIANGULAR LINEAR SYSTEMS ON PARALLEL COMPUTERS (1989)

This paper describes and compares three parallel algorithms for solving sparse triangular systems of equations. These methods involve some preprocessing overhead and are primarily of interest in solving many systems with the same coefficient matrix. The first approach is to use a fixed blocksize and form the inverse of the diagonal blocks. The second approach is to use a variable blocksize and reorder the unknowns so that the diagonal blocks are diagonal matrices. We call the latter technique level scheduling because of how it is represented in the adjacency graph, and we consider both row-wise and jagged diagonal storage for the offdiagonal blocks. These techniques are analyzed for general parallel computers and experiments are presented for the eight-processor Alliant FX/8.
Intracellular Oxidation-Reduction State Measured in Situ by a Multichannel Fiber-Optic Surface Fluorometer (1982)

The principles of the measurement in vivo of the oxidation-reduction state of intramitochrondrial pyridine nucleotides were used in establishing a multichannel fluorometer-reflectometer. This approach made possible the study of changes of mitochrondrial redox states in four different organs (brain, liver, kidney, and testis) of the same animal, as well as the monitoring of four different cortical areas of the same brain hemisphere. In the measurement of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence, oximetric and movement artifacts are negligible, but blood volume changes and tissue absorption properties are a source of error. The corrected fluorescence is obtained by subtracting the reflectance from the fluorescence signed in 1:1 ratio., During graded hypoxia, the corrected fluorescence showed a gradual increase and was maximal during anoxia in all four organs tested.
Preliminary Studies on the Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin var. anisopliae to Cutworm Agrotis segetum (Schiff.) (1988)

The entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin var, anisopliae was found pathogenic to the larvae of Agrotis segetum (Schiff.), Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) and Agrotis spinifera (Hubn.). It was also found pathogenic to eggs of A. segetum . Soil application of the fungus gave 45% mortality of last instar larvae of A. segetum at a concentration of 1.2 A— 10 7 spores/g of soil. The fungal spores at 10 7 /ml sprayed on A. segetum eggs gave 100% mortality. Field application of spores on the eggs proved effective in controlling the pest. The study indicates the scope of using the fungus against the pest in the field.
Gamma and Neutron Radiolysis of the System Trichloroethylene-oxygen-water (1967)

The gamma and neutron radiolysis of aqueous trichloroethylene (TCE) was investigated. The yield of H+ was determined by dynamic measurement of electrical conductivity. Yields of other products (Cl-, H2O2, H2, CO2, CO, and HCOCOOH) were quantitatively determined by various analytical techniques. G(Cl-) is generally equal to G(H+). G(H+) increases with increasing oxygen concentration, increasing TCE concentration, and decreasing Linear Energy Transfer (LET). The maximum value observed was 126. G(CO2), G(CO), and G(HCOCOOH) were smaller by factors of 5 to 10. G(H2) and G(H2O2) were indistinguishable from those observed in pure water. The oxygen rich TCE system yields were found to be very dose-rate dependent whereas the air-free system was not. A mechanism is proposed for the air-free TCE system based on limiting G values obtained by adding scavengers.
Physical design of the "2.5D" stacked system (2004)

Excessive on-chip wire length and fast increasing fabrication cost have been the main factors impairing the effectiveness of monolithic system-on-chip. We investigate a die stacking based system integration strategy (2.5D system integration) to address these problems. The new scheme is design-tools-enabled rather than technology-driven. We developed a layout design framework, which is able to floorplan, place and route a VLSI design into stacked chips. Our results show that this new scheme has a potential to outperform its monolithic equivalent.
Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by Two Polymerase Chain Reactions and Role of M. pneumoniae in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Pediatric Patients (1996)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and viruses in acute respiratory tract infections in children were studied during the winter of 1992-1993 in Antwerp, Belgium. M. pneumoniae was diagnosed in nasopharyngeal aspirates by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For this, amplification of a fragment of the PI adhesin gene in samples prepared by two methods was compared in two laboratories, and in one laboratory, a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. The sensitivity of culture versus PCR was 61.5%. Provided a specific internal control is used, sample preparation by freeze-boiling combined with PCR for the PI gene and amplicon detection by visual inspection of the electrophoresis gel can be recommended, although maximal results are obtained after hybridization. M. pneumoniae was present in 0.5% of patients <2 years old and 6.9% of patients >2. M. pneumoniae was second to respiratory syncytial virus or detected equally in lower respiratory infections.
Tissue factor expression is differentially modulated by cyclic mechanical strain in various human endothelial cells (1996)

Many of the hemostatic properties of endothelium are modulated by chemical and mechanical stimuli. The nature of such endothelial cell (EC) responses often depends upon the anatomical origin of the cells within the vascular tree. In the present study, we used a chromogenic assay to investigate the effect of cyclic strain or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), or both, on tissue factor (TF) activity in human EC derived from umbilical veins (HUVEC), aortae (HAEC), and dermal microvessels (HMVEC). Basal TF activities were low in all three cell types. Incubation for 5 h with (10 ng/ml) TNF alpha resulted in quantitatively diverse elevation of TF activity in all three EC types. Exposure to cyclic strain for 5 h induced significant elevation of TF activity only in HMVEC and HAEC. Concomitant application of cyclic strain and TNF alpha resulted in synergistic elevation of TF expression only in HMVEC. Pharmacologic elevation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) levels inhibited TNF alpha-induced TF expression in all EC types. However, none of these treatments affected the stimulatory action of cyclic strain in HMVEC. Thus, we have shown that TNF alpha differentially increases TF activity in human EC of various origins, that cyclic strain variably modulates TF activity in human EC, and that both PKC and cAMP mediate TNF alpha-induced TF activity, whereas cyclic strain acts independently of these pathways. These results show differential modulation of the procoagulant potential of diverse human endothelial cells in vitro by hemodynamic stimuli.
A 60GHz transmitter with integrated antenna in 0.18/spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS technology (2006)

A 60GHz SiGe HBT transmitter IC with integrated antenna in a standard-bulk 0.18mum SiGe BiCMOS process is reported. This chip is composed of a VCO, a sub-harmonic mixer, a PA, and a tapered-slot antenna, all with differential designs. The measured results show 15.8dBm output power and 20.2dB conversion gain with 281mWdc power consumption
Interactions of Antibiotics and Methanolic Crude Extracts of Afzelia Africana (Smith.) Against Drug Resistance Bacterial Isolates (2011)

Infection due to multidrug resistance pathogens is difficult to manage due to bacterial virulence factors and because of a relatively limited choice of antimicrobial agents. Thus, it is imperative to discover fresh antimicrobials or new practices that are effective for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by drug-resistant microorganisms. The objective of this experiment is to investigate for synergistic outcomes when crude methanolic extract of the stem bark of Afzelia africana and antibiotics were combined against a panel of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains that have been implicated in infections. Standard microbiological protocols were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extract and antibiotics, as well as to investigate the effect of combinations of the methanolic extract of A. africana stem bark and selected antibiotics using the time-kill assay method. The extract of Afzelia africana exhibited antibacterial activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria made up of environmental and standard strains at a screening concentration of 5 mg/mL. The MICs of the crude extracts and the antibiotics varied between 1 μg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL. Overall, synergistic response constituted about 63.79% of all manner of combinations of extract and antibiotics against all test organisms; antagonism was not detected among the 176 tests carried out. The extract from A. africana stem bark showed potentials of synergy in combination with antibiotics against strains of pathogenic bacteria. The detection of synergy between the extract and antibiotics demonstrates the potential of this plant as a source of antibiotic resistance modulating compounds.
Transferrin as a Luminal Target for Negatively Charged Liposomes in the Inflamed Colonic Mucosa (2009)

The need for improved specificity in the local treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) led us to use negatively charged liposomes to target the inflamed colonic epithelium. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the cause for our previous observations that such liposomes accumulate, preferentially, in the inflamed mucosa of rats that were induced with experimental colitis, following luminal administration. Protein analysis (tandem mass spectrometry, verified by Western blot) of inflamed mucosal specimens, extracted at pH 3, 5 and 7, revealed an increased expression of transferrin (TF) at pH 3. Histological examination indicated that the TF was located at the luminal side of the inflamed epithelium. Negatively charged (but not neutral) liposomes adhered to both commercial and mucosal TF at low pH, but not at neutral pH. Moreover, preincubation of negatively charged liposomes with TF profoundly attenuated their adherence to the inflamed mucosa of the rat colon. It is concluded that, at a low pH, typical of the colon lumen in ulcerative colitis, TF mediates specific mucoadhesion of negatively charged liposomes to the inflamed mucosa. This observation could be useful in the rational design of specific drug vehicles aimed at IBD therapy after luminal administration.
Repurposing of approved drugs from the human pharmacopoeia to target Wolbachia endosymbionts of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (2014)

Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis are debilitating diseases caused by parasitic filarial nematodes infecting around 150 million people throughout the tropics with more than 1.5 billion at risk. As with other neglected tropical diseases, classical drug-discovery and development is lacking and a 50 year programme of macrofilaricidal discovery failed to deliver a drug which can be used as a public health tool. Recently, antibiotic targeting of filarial Wolbachia, an essential bacterial symbiont, has provided a novel drug treatment for filariasis with macrofilaricidal activity, although the current gold-standard, doxycycline, is unsuitable for use in mass drug administration (MDA). The anti-Wolbachia (A·WOL) Consortium aims to identify novel anti-Wolbachia drugs, compounds or combinations that are suitable for use in MDA. Development of a Wolbachia cell-based assay has enabled the screening of the approved human drug-pharmacopoeia (∼2600 drugs) for a potential repurposing. This screening strategy has revealed that approved drugs from various classes show significant bacterial load reduction equal to or superior to the gold-standard doxycycline, with 69 orally available hits from different drug categories being identified. Based on our defined hit criteria, 15 compounds were then selectively screened in a Litomosoides sigmodontis mouse model, 4 of which were active. These came from the tetracycline, fluoroquinolone and rifamycin classes. This strategy of repurposing approved drugs is a promising development in the goal of finding a novel treatment against filariasis and could also be a strategy applicable for other neglected tropical diseases.
Biomarkers of peripheral muscle fatigue during exercise (2012)

Though the role of BPMFs during fatigue is poorly understood, measuring BPMFs under specific, standardised conditions appears to be helpful for assessing biological states or processes during exercise and fatigue.
Reversible Binding of Nitric Oxide by a Salivary Heme Protein from a Bloodsucking Insect (1993)

The bloodsucking bug Rhodnius prolixus has a salivary vasodilator, previously characterized as a nitrovasodilator, with salivary smooth muscle-relaxing and antiplatelet activity. Rhodnius salivary glands are bright red owing to the abundance of heme proteins. Electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopic experiments indicated that the salivary vasodilator is a nitrosylheme protein with an Fe(III) heme that binds nitric oxide (NO) reversibly. Dilution of the protein in neutral pH promoted NO release. This protein thus appears to be the NO carrier that helps R. prolixus to feed on blood.
<title>Explosives detection portal for high-volume personnel screening</title> (1998)

We discuss a trace explosive detection portal for high-volume personnel screening, which has been developed recently at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), using funding provided by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Safeguards and Security (OSS). This portal screens individuals for explosives using noninvasive means to collect explosive residue in the forms of vapor and particulate contamination. The portal combines a commercially available ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) with a preconcentrator developed at SNL to perform detection of explosives. The prototype portal has undergone one series of tests at the Albuquerque International Airport, and we are now proceeding to develop an improved, second-generation portal, and to find a company to market the portal.
Liquid crystals: physical properties and nonlinear optical phenomena (1995)

Order Parameter, Phase Transition, and Free Energies. Nematic Liquid Crystals. Cholesteric, Smectic, and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Light Scatterings. Laser--Induced Nonelectronic Optical Nonlinearities in Liquid Crystals. Thermal, Density, and Other Nonelectronic Nonlinear Mechanisms. Electronic Optical Nonlinearities. Introduction to Nonlinear Optics. Nonlinear Optical Phenomena Observed in Liquid Crystals. Index.
Development and Evaluation of a UAV-Photogrammetry System for Precise 3D Environmental Modeling (2015)

The specific requirements of UAV-photogrammetry necessitate particular solutions for system development, which have mostly been ignored or not assessed adequately in recent studies. Accordingly, this paper presents the methodological and experimental aspects of correctly implementing a UAV-photogrammetry system. The hardware of the system consists of an electric-powered helicopter, a high-resolution digital camera and an inertial navigation system. The software of the system includes the in-house programs specifically designed for camera calibration, platform calibration, system integration, on-board data acquisition, flight planning and on-the-job self-calibration. The detailed features of the system are discussed, and solutions are proposed in order to enhance the system and its photogrammetric outputs. The developed system is extensively tested for precise modeling of the challenging environment of an open-pit gravel mine. The accuracy of the results is evaluated under various mapping conditions, including direct georeferencing and indirect georeferencing with different numbers, distributions and types of ground control points. Additionally, the effects of imaging configuration and network stability on modeling accuracy are assessed. The experiments demonstrated that 1.55 m horizontal and 3.16 m vertical absolute modeling accuracy could be achieved via direct geo-referencing, which was improved to 0.4 cm and 1.7 cm after indirect geo-referencing.
Regional blood flow, capillary permeability, and glucose utilization in two brain tumor models: preliminary observations and pharmacokinetic implications. (1981)

Regional quantitative autoradiographic measurements of blood flow, capillary permeability, and glucose utilization were made in rats harboring an intracerebral Walker 256 metastatic tumor or a well-differentiated oligodendroglioma. Distinct differences were observed between the two brain tumor models; regional differences within the metastatic tumor appeared to be partly related to tumor size. The pharmacokinetic implications of these physiological measurements with respect to drug delivery to tumor tissue are discussed. The interrelationship of commonly used parameters to quantitate transport across the blood-brain barrier--permeability coefficient, permeability-surface area product, transfer constant, extraction fraction, equilibrium half-time, and blood flow--and their relevance to effective brain tumor chemotherapy are demonstrated.