gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased myocardial adenosine production and reduction of beta-adrenergic contractile response in aged hearts. (1990)

The contractile response of the aged adult heart to beta-adrenergic stimulation is known to be reduced compared with the young adult heart. Since endogenous adenosine exerts an antiadrenergic action in the heart, this study was undertaken to determine if the basal endogenous level of myocardial adenosine increases with age and whether this increase mediates the reduced responsiveness of aged heart to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Young (3-5 months) and aged (12-22 months) Sprague-Dawley adult rat hearts of CD and SD stock were perfused at constant pressure and paced at 270 contractions/min. The two age groups had a similar level of +dP/dtmax (index of contractility) under control conditions. Adenosine release into the coronary effluent was 30 +/- 3 nmol/min/g dry wt from young and 54 +/- 9 nmol/min/g dry wt from aged hearts. Inosine release was also greater from the aged hearts. Isoproterenol (10(-8) M) stimulation increased contractile state by 113% in young hearts and only 69% in aged hearts. Isoproterenol further increased the adenosine and inosine release from both age groups. Theophylline (5 x 10(-5) M), an adenosine antagonist, prevented the difference in the contractile response to isoproterenol stimulation between the young and aged hearts. Elevation of external calcium from 2 to 4 mM increased contractility equally in both age groups without influencing adenosine release. Myocardial oxygen consumption, coronary effluent PO2, oxygen supply-demand ratio, and lactate release were similar for both age groups, indicating that under the conditions studied the elevated release of adenosine by the aged hearts was not due to hypoxia. Aged (10-14 months) adult guinea pig hearts also displayed a reduced responsiveness to the isoproterenol stimulation and released more adenosine compared with young (3-4 months) adult guinea pig hearts. These findings suggest that enhanced adenosine levels that are present in the aged myocardium are responsible, in part, for the reduced contractile responsiveness of the older adult heart to beta-adrenergic stimulation.
Electron flow in the conventional X-ray tube (1985)

The electron-flow pattern in a conventional X-ray tube is analyzed with a ray-tracing computer program. It is shown that the emission is temperature-limited (TL) in a forward-facing sector, and space-charge-limited (SCL) in sectors on each side. The angle of the TL sector varies directly with the anode voltage and inversely with the filament temperature, generally in the range 90°-160°. The <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</tex> lines of the focal spot are shown to be direct images of points near the 2 and 4 o'clock positions on the cathode, while the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> lines are inverted images of points near 1 and 5 o'clock.
Integrating scan into hierarchical synthesis methodologies (2002)

This paper presents new strategies for integrating scan DFT (design for test) techniques into hierarchical synthesis methodologies to meet the challenges of system-on-a-chip ICs (integrated circuits). It describes what can be done before, during and after synthesis to reduce design time, and presents results that show the effects of select approaches.
Automatic tool path generation for finish machining (2002)

A system for automatic tool path generation was developed at Sandia National Laboratories for finish machining operations. The system consists of a commercially available 5-axis milling machine controlled by Sandia developed software. This system was used to remove overspray on cast turbine blades. A laser-based, structured-light sensor, mounted on a tool holder, is used to collect 3D data points around the surface of the turbine blade. Using the digitized model of the blade, a tool path is generated which will drive a 0.375" CBN grinding pin around the tip of the blade. A fuzzified digital filter was developed to properly eliminate false sensor readings caused by burrs, holes and overspray. The digital filter was found to successfully generate the correct tool path for a blade with intentionally scanned holes and defects. The fuzzified filter improved the computation efficiency by a factor of 25. For application to general parts, an adaptive scanning algorithm was developed and presented with simulation results. A right pyramid and an ellipsoid were scanned successfully with the adaptive algorithm.
Development of Traffic Accident frequency Prediction Model by Administrative zone - A Case of Seoul (2015)

In Korea, the local traffic safety master plan has been established and implemented according to the Traffic Safety Act. Each local government is required to establish a customized traffic safety policy and share roles for improvement of traffic safety and this means that local governments lead and promote effective local traffic safety policies fit for local circumstances in substance. For implementing efficient traffic safety policies, which accord with many-sided characteristics of local governments, the prediction of community-based traffic accidents, which considers local characteristics and the analysis of accident influence factors must be preceded, but there is a shortage of research on this. Most of existing studies on the community-based traffic accident prediction used social and economic variables related to accident exposure environments in countries or cities due to the limit of collected data. For this reason, there was a limit in applying the developed models to the actual reduction of traffic accidents. Thus, this study developed a local traffic accident prediction model, based on smaller regional units, administrative districts, which were not omitted in existing studies and suggested a method to reflect traffic safety facility and policy variables that traffic safety policy makers can control, in addition to social and economic variables related to accident exposure environments, in the model and apply them to the development of local traffic safety policies. The model development result showed that in terms of accident exposure environments, road extension, gross floor area of buildings, the ratio of bus lane installation and the number of crossroads and crosswalks had a positive relation with accidents and the ratio of crosswalk sign installation, the number of speed bumps and the results of clampdown by police force had a negative relation with accidents.
Avanafil, a new rapid-onset phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (2010)

We propose that avanafil, which displays enhanced selectivity, faster onset of action, and a favorable side-effect profile relative to currently available PDE5 inhibitors, may offer an alternative first line treatment option for men with ED.
Methodological aspects of spectrum occupancy evaluation in the context of cognitive radio (2010)

Abstract Cognitive radio has recently emerged as a promising solution to conciliate the existing conflicts between spectrum demand growth and spectrum underutilisation. The basic underlying idea is to allow unlicensed users to access in an opportunistic and non‐interfering manner some licensed bands temporarily unoccupied by the licensed users. Within the framework of cognitive radio, several spectrum measurement campaigns have been performed in diverse locations and scenarios in order to assess the degree to which allocated spectrum bands are currently being used in real wireless communication systems. Although such measurement campaigns follow similar approaches, there is a lack of common and appropriate evaluation methodology, which would be desirable not only to prevent inaccurate results but also to enable the direct comparison of results from different sources. In this context, this work presents a comprehensive and in‐depth discussion of several important methodological aspects that need to be accounted for when evaluating spectrum occupancy in the context of cognitive radio. Moreover, a quantitative evaluation of the impact of different factors on the obtained results along with various useful guidelines is also provided. The results presented in this work highlight the importance of carefully designing an appropriate methodology when evaluating spectrum occupancy in the context of cognitive radio. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (2015)

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive technique involving the passing of weak sustained electrical current through the brain, has recently re-emerged both as a therapeutic and rehabilitation tool for the treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions. In this chapter we describe modern tDCS methods, including technical and safety considerations. A review of findings from controlled clinical trials of tDCS for the treatment of depression and schizophrenia is provided, as well as a discussion on methods for maintaining treatment effects. The chapter concludes with a review of the cognitive enhancing effects of tDCS in psychiatric conditions and future directions for optimizing therapeutic efficacy.
Enhance Dynamic-Warping for FWI to Mitigate Cycle-Skipping (2019)

Summary While full waveform inversion (FWI) can provide high resolution velocity models, the method is often let down by the cycle skipping problem. Several solutions based on the estimation of the time shifts have been proposed. Among them, dynamic warping FWI (D-FWI) combines the dynamic warping for the computation of the time shifts between the observed and the predicted data, and a technique which partially warps the observed data to connect the predicted data in a cycle skipping-free way. However, the D-FWI still risks falling into local minima, in particular when the initial model is inaccurate and low-frequency data are missing. Here, we propose a more robust process for estimating the time shifts in which dynamic warping is repeated with offset dependent constraints. The more reliably detected time shifts, can be used in D-FWI with a waveform-based or a traveltime-based objective function to better manage the cycle-skipping problem. We demonstrate the method with a synthetic data from the Marmousi model as well as one challenging OBC dataset from Indonesia.
The development of PC-based fetal monitoring and analysis system (2002)

Digital fetal monitoring system based on the personal computer combined with the low cost, minimum system digital signal processing (DSP) board is implemented. The DSP board acquires the ultrasound fetal Doppler signal and processes digital rectification, FIR filtering, autocorrelation function calculation, its peak detection and median filtering for fetal heart rate estimation. It also processes the toco signal and fetal movement. The authors used a recursive technique for autocorrelation calculation and median filtering which greatly reduces the amount of calculation and increases the accuracy. The authors also implemented various kinds of analysis algorithm of fetal heart rate change based on the more than 5000 normal sample data for computer assisted diagnosis.
The Origin and Development of the Immune System with a View to Stem Cell Therapy (2003)

Careful study of the phylogeny and ontogeny of the three components of the immune system reveals that the macrophage, lymphatic, and hematopoietic systems originate independently of each other. Chronologically, the most ancient is the macrophage system, which arises in the coelomic cavity as mesenchymal ameboid cells having the properties to recognize self from non-self and to ingest foreign particles. The lymphatic system later develops from the endoderm of pharyngeal pouches, where the thymic anlage differentiates. The lymphocytes that originate here seed all lymphatic organs and retain the ability to divide and thereby form multiple colonies (lymphatic nodules) in the respiratory and digestive tract; further diversification of lymphocytes follows after confrontation with antigens. The last component of the immune system to appear is the hematopoietic system, which originates from the splanchnic mesoderm of the yolk sac as hematogenic tissue, containing hemangioblasts. The hematogenic tissue remains attached to the outer wall of the vitelline vessels, which provides an efficient mechanism for introducing the hematogenic tissue into the embryo. In an appropriate microenvironment, the hemangioblasts give rise to sinusoidal endothelium and to hemocytoblasts - the bone marrow stem cells for erythrocytes, myeloid cells, and megakaryocytes. The facts and opinions presented in this article are not in agreement with the currently accepted dogma that a common "hematolymphatic stem cell" localized in the marrow generates all of the cellular components of blood and the immune system.
Sodium Benzoate, a Food Additive and a Metabolite of Cinnamon, Modifies T Cells at Multiple Steps and Inhibits Adoptive Transfer of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (2007)

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the animal model for multiple sclerosis. This study explores a novel use of sodium benzoate (NaB), a commonly used food additive and a Food and Drug Administration-approved nontoxic drug for urea cycle disorders, in treating the disease process of relapsing-remitting EAE in female SJL/J mice. NaB, administered through drinking water at physiologically tolerable doses, ameliorated clinical symptoms and disease progression of EAE in recipient mice and suppressed the generation of encephalitogenic T cells in donor mice. Histological studies reveal that NaB effectively inhibited infiltration of mononuclear cells and demyelination in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Consequently, NaB also suppressed the expression of proinflammatory molecules and normalized myelin gene expression in the CNS of EAE mice. Furthermore, we observed that NaB switched the differentiation of myelin basic protein-primed T cells from Th1 to Th2 mode, enriched regulatory T cell population, and down-regulated the expression of various contact molecules in T cells. Taken together, our results suggest that NaB modifies encephalitogenic T cells at multiple steps and that NaB may have therapeutic importance in multiple sclerosis.
Signal‐to‐noise ratio and absorbed power as functions of main magnetic field strength, and definition of “90°” RF pulse for the head in the birdcage coil (2001)

Calculations of the RF magnetic (B(1)) field as a function of frequency between 64 and 345 MHz were performed for a head model in an idealized birdcage coil. Absorbed power (P(abs)) and SNR were calculated at each frequency with three different methods of defining excitation pulse amplitude: maintaining 90 degrees flip angle at the coil center (center alpha = pi/2), maximizing FID amplitude (Max. A(FID)), and maximizing total signal amplitude in a reconstructed image (Max. A(image)). For center alpha = pi/2 and Max. A(image), SNR increases linearly with increasing field strength until 260 MHz, where it begins to increase at a greater rate. For these two methods, P(abs) increases continually, but at a lower rate at higher field strengths. Above 215 MHz in MRI of the human head, the use of FID amplitude to set B(1) excitation pulses may result in apparent decreases in SNR and power requirements with increasing static field strength. Magn Reson Med 45:684-691, 2001.
Scanning market update (1992)

Etat d'avancement de l'industrie des systemes de scanneurisation: evolution technique dans chacune des composantes d'un systeme total (de la capture a l'output); priorites pour la penetration du marche de cette industrie
Reduction of cerebral edema with GM1 ganglioside (1984)

Administration of exogenous gangliosides has been reported to accelerate neurite outgrowth in vitro, and to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration and central nervous system recovery subsequent to damage. After injury, facilitation of CNS recovery with GM1 ganglioside treatment has been postulated to be due to enhanced neuronal regeneration. Since maximal recovery is achieved when experimental animals are treated before injury with GM1 ganglioside, an alternative or parallel mechanism is that gangliosides are "protecting" the CNS by limiting the extent of damage (ie, cell loss, process degeneration, membrane disruption). This may be due to a reduction in the edema subsequent to injury. In this study, rats were treated for 2 days with 20 mg/kg/day of GM1 ganglioside. On the third day they were subjected to a unilateral lesion (mechanical) of one cerebral hemisphere and given another 20 mg/kg of GM1. On the fourth day brains were removed for analysis of edema resulting from the injury. In treated animals there was a significant reduction in edema as measured either in the entire injured hemisphere (23%) or in the area of injury (33%). No effect was seen outside the damaged area. Since exogenous gangliosides can spontaneously "insert" into membranes, it is postulated that the effect of the GM1 may be due to alterations of membrane processes (eg, lipid hydrolysis, phospholipase activation, levels and membrane action of arachidonic acid, ionic permeation) that are characteristic of edema.
Measurement of ultrashort optical pulses by third-harmonic generation (1997)

Interferometric and intensity autocorrelations by third-harmonic generation for the measurement of ultrashort optical pulses are demonstrated. The third-harmonic signal is generated by tight focusing of the ultrashort pulses upon the surface of an ordinary glass slide, replacing the high-optical-quality nonlinear crystals used in conventional second-harmonic generation measurements. The method is shown to be applicable to real-time measurements.
Transportin-SR, a Nuclear Import Receptor for SR Proteins (1999)

The SR proteins, a group of abundant arginine/serine (RS)-rich proteins, are essential pre-mRNA splicing factors that are localized in the nucleus. The RS domain of these proteins serves as a nuclear localization signal. We found that RS domain-bearing proteins do not utilize any of the known nuclear import receptors and identified a novel nuclear import receptor specific for SR proteins. The SR protein import receptor, termed transportin-SR (TRN-SR), binds specifically and directly to the RS domains of ASF/SF2 and SC35 as well as several other SR proteins. The nuclear transport regulator RanGTP abolishes this interaction. Recombinant TRN-SR mediates nuclear import of RS domain- bearing proteins in vitro. TRN-SR has amino acid sequence similarity to several members of the importin beta/transportin family. These findings strongly suggest that TRN-SR is a nuclear import receptor for the SR protein family.
Direct determination of self-exchange electron-transfer rate constants of nickel(III,II) complexes by nickel-61 ESR line broadening (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect determination of self-exchange electron-transfer rate constants of nickel(III,II) complexes by nickel-61 ESR line broadeningJean Fu Wang, Krishan Kumar, and Dale W. MargerumCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 18, 3481–3484Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00317a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00317a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fab fragments from a monoclonal antibody against a germ tube mannoprotein block the yeast-to-mycelium transition in Candida albicans (1990)

Fab fragments prepared from the immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody (MAb) 4C12, which reacts with a determinant expressed on the hyphal extension of germ tubes of Candida albicans, inhibited germ tube formation, but intact MAb 4C12 did not. Indirect immunofluorescence showed a punctate binding pattern on cells incubated with Fab fragments but a confluent binding on cells incubated with intact MAb 4C12.
Analyzing Stock Market Fraud Cases Using a Linguistics-Based Text Mining Approach (2014)

ABSTRACT. The paper proposes a linguistics-based text mining approach to demonstrate the process of extracting financial concepts from the Security Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation releases (LR). The proposed approach presents the ex-tracted information as a knowledge base to be used in market monitoring surveillance systems. Also, it facilitates users ’ acquisition, maintenance and access to financial fraud knowledge and improves search results in the SEC enforcement portal. Answer-ing questions such as: who are the agents involved in the manipulation? Which pat-terns are associated with this manipulation? When was this manipulative action per-formed? This paper used the financial ontology for fraud purposes introduced by [19] to provide underlying framework for the extraction process and capture financial fraud concepts from the SEC-LR. In particular, text mining analysers have been de-veloped to extract metadata concepts (e.g. ‘LR No.’, ‘dates’) and stock market fraud concepts (e.g. agents and manipulation types) from the actual SEC fraud case.
DBMiner: a system for data mining in relational databases and data warehouses (1997)

A data mining system, DBMiner, has been developed for interactive mining of multiple-level knowledge in large relational databases and data warehouses. The system implements a wide spectrum of data mining functions, including characterization, comparison, association, classification, prediction, and clustering. By incorporating several interesting data mining techniques, including OLAP and attribute-oriented induction, statistical analysis, progressive deepening for mining multiple-level knowledge, and meta-rule guided mining, the system provides a user-friendly, interactive data mining environment with good performance.