gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Catalog of 5’ Fusion Partners in ROS1-Positive NSCLC Circa 2020 (2020)

ROS1 fusion–positive (ROS1+) NSCLC was discovered in 2007, the same year as the discovery of ALK-positive (ALK+) NSCLC but has trailed ALK+ NSCLC in terms of development. There seems to be a differential response to ROS1 inhibitors, which depend on fusion partners (CD74, SLC34A2, or SDC4); thus, knowledge of the fusion partners in ROS1+ NSCLC is important. To date (end of February 2020), we have identified 24 unique 5’ fusion partners of ROS1 in ROS1+ NSCLC from published literature and congress proceedings. Thus, we published this catalog for easy reference.
State Estimation and Power Flow Analysis of Power Systems (2012)

State estimation and power flow analysis are important tools for analysis, operation and planning of a power system. In this paper, a new state estimation method based on the extended weighted least squares (WLS) method for considering both measurement errors and model inaccuracy is presented. Two bus, three bus, and IEEE 14 bus test cases are employed to evaluate the accuracy of the method. The comparison results show that the extended WLS method may outperform traditional WLS approach when the model is not accurate. In addition, this paper investigates a method based on Z matrix to implement power flow in a transmission system with multiple types of loads (e.g. constant PQ, constant impedance and constant current magnitude loads or mixed loads). The load flow results demonstrate that the method is effective and easy to implement when composite load types exist in the system. Our studies also show that it may be possible that multiple solutions exist for a power flow problem.
Portable In-Cylinder Pressure Measurement and Signal Processing System for Real-Time Combustion Analysis and Engine Control (2020)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents an in-cylinder pressure measurement system for cycle-to-cycle feedback combustion control purposes. Such a system uses off-the-shelf components to measure cylinder pressure and performs user-defined algorithms for heat release analysis. The working principle of the device is discussed as well as the simplifications for heat release analysis required for fast computation. The system is benchmarked against a commercially-available combustion analyzer in order to quantify the accuracy and time response. The results showed that the system is satisfactorily accurate for combustion phasing control. The main advantage, however, comes from the reduction of calculation and communication delays observed in the commercially-available system. This enables the use of cycle-to-cycle cylinder pressure-based feedback control algorithms. The functionality of such a device is demonstrated in a spark-ignition experimental engine fitted with an externally cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) loop. Here, an optimal combustion phasing was the target for a feedback combustion controller that automatically adjusted the spark advance. The favorable results proved the system suitable not only for this particular combustion control problem with EGR but also for many of the modern combustion control strategies in gasoline and diesel engines.</div></div>
The Preparation of Raney Nickel Catalysts and their Use Under Conditions Comparable with Those for Platinum and Palladium Catalysts (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Raney Nickel Catalysts and their Use Under Conditions Comparable with Those for Platinum and Palladium CatalystsHomer Adkins and Harry R. BillicaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 2, 695–698Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01182a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01182a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5515Altmetric-Citations206LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Zero-Shot Visual Imitation (2018)

Imitating expert demonstration is a powerful mechanism for learning to perform tasks from raw sensory observations. The current dominant paradigm in learning from demonstration (LfD) [3,16,19,20] requires the expert to either manually move the robot joints (i.e., kinesthetic teaching) or teleoperate the robot to execute the desired task. The expert typically provides multiple demonstrations of a task at training time, and this generates data in the form of observation-action pairs from the agent's point of view. The agent then distills this data into a policy for performing the task of interest. Such a heavily supervised approach, where it is necessary to provide demonstrations by controlling the robot, is incredibly tedious for the human expert. Moreover, for every new task that the robot needs to execute, the expert is required to provide a new set of demonstrations.
Grounding of word meanings in multimodal concepts using LDA (2009)

In this paper we propose LDA-based framework for multimodal categorization and words grounding for robots. The robot uses its physical embodiment to grasp and observe an object from various view points as well as listen to the sound during the observing period. This multimodal information is used for categorizing and forming multimodal concepts. At the same time, the words acquired during the observing period are connected to the related concepts using multimodal LDA. We also provide a relevance measure that encodes the degree of connection between words and modalities. The proposed algorithm is implemented on a robot platform and some experiments are carried out to evaluate the algorithm. We also demonstrate a simple conversation between a user and the robot based on the learned model.
Phosphate solubilising bacteria (1971)

Abstract Most reports of the studies on solubilisatioh of phosphate in liquid culture and soil suggested that organic acids produced by microorganisms are responsible for promoting the dissolution of phosphate. Sperber (11, 12), Louw and Webley (7) and Duff, Webley and Scott (2) studied the production of acids by cultures of some phosphate dissolving fungi. actinomycetes and bacteria and observed that among the acids produced in liquid medium, hydroxy carboxylic acids such as lactic and 2-ketogluconic acids were responsible for solubilisation of phosphates. In the present studies, apart from the culture of Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum isolated from phosphobacterin which had been obtained from USSR. Indian strains of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus circulans and Escherichia freundii isolated and identified by Sundara Rao and Sinha (13) were used. These studies were undertaken to find out different types of nonvolatile acids produced in Pikovskaya's (9) liquid medium.
Über 4‐Chlor‐7‐dimethylamino‐1‐methyl‐chinolon‐(2)‐aldehyd‐(3), I (1970)

Abstract Aus N,N ‐Dimethyl‐ m ‐phenylendiamin ( 1 ) und Malonester entsteht 4‐Hydroxy‐7‐dimethylamino‐chinolon‐(2) ( 2 ). Durch Methylierung wird daraus 7‐Dimethylamino‐4‐methoxy‐1‐methyl‐chinolon‐(2) ( 4 ) erhalten. Dieses wird unter Vilsmeier‐Bedingungen in 4‐Chlor‐7‐dimethylamino‐1‐methyl‐chinolon‐(2)‐aldehyd‐(3) ( 5 ) übergeführt. Mit p ‐Anisidin reagiert 5 je nach Reaktionsbedingungen zu den Farbsalzen 6a ⟷ 6b , 7 oder 8a ⟷ 8b .
Models of the Demand for Air Transportation (1972)

Due to the elaborate regulatory procedures established by the U.S. Civil Aeronautics Board, the demand for transportation by air has been the subject of many studies. The purpose of this paper is to compare three different empirical approaches for suitability to the analysis of demand. Two aggregate and one disaggregate approaches are explored. In addition, a more general method of measuring mass in gravity models is introduced. The results from the disaggregated model indicate the inadvisability of using aggregate or cross-sectional models for the analysis of the effects of regulatory policy.
Exploiting pattern and sustainable development of marginal lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas. (2001)

This paper studied the distribution and utilization status, reasonable exploitation patterns and potential productivity, and sustainable development of marginal lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas. It has been pointed that problems of the soil fertility degradation, poor productivity in crop lands, natural disasters and environmental deterioration existed in all the exploited marginal lands. In order to maintain the sustainability of the marginal lands, following measure have been proposed: prohibiting cultivation in the crop lands with a slope more than 25 degrees, restoring vegetation in the slope more than 25 degrees, strengthening the basic agricultural construction, establishing the production base of woody feeds and oils, establishing a multi-dimensional management model with reasonable structure and optimum function for forestry, agriculture and fishing.
Potential of Peptides as Inhibitors and Mimotopes: Selection of Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptides from Phage Display Libraries (2012)

Glycoconjugates play various roles in biological processes. In particular, oligosaccharides on the surface of animal cells are involved in virus infection and cell-cell communication. Inhibitors of carbohydrate-protein interactions are potential antiviral drugs. Several anti-influenza drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir are derivatives of sialic acid, which inhibits neuraminidase. However, it is very difficult to prepare a diverse range of sugar derivatives by chemical synthesis or by the isolation of natural products. In addition, the pathogenic capsular polysaccharides of bacteria are carbohydrate antigens, for which a safe and efficacious method of vaccination is required. Phage-display technology has been improved to enable the identification of peptides that bind to carbohydrate-binding proteins, such as lectins and antibodies, from a large repertoire of peptide sequences. These peptides are known as "carbohydrate-mimetic peptides (CMPs)" because they mimic carbohydrate structures. Compared to carbohydrate derivatives, it is easy to prepare mono- and multivalent peptides and then to modify them to create various derivatives. Such mimetic peptides are available as peptide inhibitors of carbohydrate-protein interactions and peptide mimotopes that are conjugated with adjuvant for vaccination.
Widespread Genetic Switches and Toxicity Resistance Proteins for Fluoride (2011)

Most riboswitches are metabolite-binding RNA structures located in bacterial messenger RNAs where they control gene expression. We have discovered a riboswitch class in many bacterial and archaeal species whose members are selectively triggered by fluoride but reject other small anions, including chloride. These fluoride riboswitches activate expression of genes that encode putative fluoride transporters, enzymes that are known to be inhibited by fluoride, and additional proteins of unknown function. Our findings indicate that most organisms are naturally exposed to toxic levels of fluoride and that many species use fluoride-sensing RNAs to control the expression of proteins that alleviate the deleterious effects of this anion.
Undercut Removal of Micrometer-Scale Particles from Surfaces (2006)

Effective removal of particulate contaminants from wafer surfaces during semiconductor manufacturing is essential for high-yield processing. To improve cleaning effectiveness, experimental and theoretical evaluations of undercut cleaning were conducted. A model system of polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres being removed from a tetraethyl ortho-silicate (TEOS)-sourced silicon dioxide surface was examined. 7 and PSL particles were spray deposited on wafer surfaces and allowed to settle for . Undercutting was then carried out using 20:1 buffered hydrofluoric acid to etch the silicon dioxide under nonflow conditions. Pre- and postetch scans of the wafer surface were obtained using a Tencor SP1 Surfscan in the laboratories of SEZ America in Phoenix, AZ. The percentage of particles that remained adhered to the surface after etching for varying lengths of time was monitored. A model for undercut removal of particles from surfaces was proposed. Chemical etching of the silicon dioxide surface was assumed to cause a reduction in the particle-wafer contact area. Undercut removal was hypothesized to occur due to a subsequent reduction in the van der Waals force of adhesion and an increase in the area over which repulsive electrostatic forces were dominant. Interactions between the PSL and the silicon dioxide were calculated based on computer simulation of a van der Waals adhesion model and an electrostatic force model. Particle and surface morphology, mechanical properties, and geometry were included in the van der Waals calculation, and the electrostatic force calculation considered the particle and silicon dioxide zeta potentials and local separation distance. The model and experiments agreed to within 10%.
AC-130H Gunship Armor Upgrade Project (1990)

This report covers the test methods and equipment for testing aircraft armor both hard and soft. The hard armor are the typical ceramic type while the soft armor are various types of layered composite materials. 10 figs. (JEF)
Optical coherence tomography in pulmonary imaging: feasibility study (2004)

We suggest that Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a potential imaging modality capable of assisting diagnosis in pulmonary medicines. OCT can provide extremely high resolution imaging and be performed with flexible fiber-optic bronchoscopy with small diameter endoscopic probes. In this study, animal models of trachea, and lung surface were to investigate utility of OCT in pulmonary. Normal, malignant, and infectious disease animal model samples measured by OCT were compared to standard histologic H&E light microscopic imaging of the same sites.
The nuclear-powered rocket feasible? (1949)

It seems but natural for physicists to ponder on the dramatic possibilities of using nuclear power to operate a rocket propulsion plant. It is possible, without trespassing on classified information in any way, to reach some interesting and perhaps melancholy conclusions, merely by the use of elementary and well-disseminated ideas.
Isolation enhancement of dual polarized L-probe coupled patch antenna arrays (2004)

A dual-polarized L-probe fed patch antenna with various ground plane dimensions and shapes were simulated. By putting the two flanges of the U-shaped ground plane in parallel to the E-plane (/spl phi/ - 90/spl deg/) and with suitable distance (0.21/spl lambda/) to the probe, good isolation can be obtained. Reducing the width of the ground plane to maintain the isolation bandwidth and increase the horizontal beamwidth to 75/spl deg/ is also investigated.
Essential oil terpenless by extraction using organic solvents or ionic liquids (2006)

Abstract Ionic liquids are gaining attention as potential substitutes for classic organic solvents in many different applications, especially as reaction media and separation agents. Search for an effective method for essential oils terpenless is necessary. Organic solvents are volatile substances, which contribute to environmental pollution and lead to important operating costs due to losses by evaporation. Thus, use of a green‐solvent would avoid those difficulties. In this work, the possibility of using two organic solvents and an ionic liquid to carry out the citrus essential oil deterpenation is studied and the obtained results are compared. Citrus essential oil is simulated as a mixture of limonene and linalool; the solvents studied are 2‐butene‐1,4‐diol, ethylene glycol, and the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ionic liquid; and LLE data for the three ternary systems are reported. Data correlation is done by means of the NRTL equation. Solvent selection is studied by means of the solute distribution ratio and the selectivity, and compared to other solvents from the literature. The ionic liquid presents the highest selectivity, but close to other organic solvents, and results for solute distribution ratio depend on concentration range of extraction. Extraction process simulations using these solvents are carried out and the results are shown for comparison. Despite the fact that the ionic liquid does not get the highest linalool recovery, it provides the highest purity. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Large third-order optical nonlinearity of tin microcrystallite-doped silica glass formed by ion implantation (1993)

Sn+ ions were implanted into silica glass at an acceleration energy of 400 keV to a dose of 2×1017 ions/cm2. Metallic Sn microcrystallites of 4–20 nm in diameter were formed to attain the average volume fraction of 28%. The dielectric function, ε, and the absolute value of the third-order optical nonlinear susceptibility, ‖χ(3)‖, showed dispersions around a wavelength of 500 nm, owing to surface plasmon resonance. The difference in the peak width of ‖χ(3)‖ and the imaginary part of ε can be explained by an effective medium theory. The maximum of ‖χ(3)‖ was 3×10−6 esu, which is as large as those reported for semiconductor-doped glasses.
The Src Family Kinase Fgr Is Critical for Activation of Mast Cells and IgE-Mediated Anaphylaxis in Mice (2011)

Mast cells are critical for various allergic disorders. Mast cells express Src family kinases, which relay positive and negative regulatory signals by Ag. Lyn, for example, initiates activating signaling events, but it also induces inhibitory signals. Fyn and Hck are reported to be positive regulators, but little is known about the roles of other Src kinases, including Fgr, in mast cells. In this study, we define the role of Fgr. Endogenous Fgr associates with FcεRI and promotes phosphorylation of Syk, Syk substrates, which include linkers for activation of T cells, SLP76, and Gab2, and downstream targets such as Akt and the MAPKs in Ag-stimulated mast cells. As a consequence, Fgr positively regulates degranulation, production of eicosanoids, and cytokines. Fgr and Fyn appeared to act in concert, as phosphorylation of Syk and degranulation are enhanced by overexpression of Fgr and further augmented by overexpression of Fyn but are suppressed by overexpression of Lyn. Moreover, knockdown of Fgr by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) further suppressed degranulation in Fyn-deficient bone marrow-derived mast cells. Overexpression of Fyn or Fgr restored phosphorylation of Syk and partially restored degranulation in Fyn-deficient cells. Additionally, knockdown of Fgr by siRNAs inhibited association of Syk with FcεRIγ as well as the tyrosine phosphorylation of FcεRIγ. Of note, the injection of Fgr siRNAs diminished the protein level of Fgr in mice and simultaneously inhibited IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. In conclusion, Fgr positively regulates mast cell through activation of Syk. These findings help clarify the interplay among Src family kinases and identify Fgr as a potential therapeutic target for allergic diseases.
Adhesion of metals and semiconductors analyzed by a dielectric formalism (1997)

This paper discusses a model of the adhesive interaction of metals and semiconductors, based on a dielectric formalism and using the concepts of collective excitations — plasmons of the electron-ion system. Expressions are obtained in terms of the jellium model in the longwavelength approximation for the adhesion energy and the adhesive interaction force and are determined via the dispersion dependences of the energies of surface plasma oscillations for various materials whose surfaces are separated by a gap of arbitrary magnitude. The adhesion energies and the adhesive interaction forces are calculated for a number of simple and transition metals and semiconductors, and the adhesion characteristics are also obtained for the contact of the given materials with an insulating medium.
Combination immunotherapy with IDO vaccine and PD-1 inhibitors in advanced NSCLC. (2017)

TPS2610 Background: Multible checkpoints regulate host immune response, and development has focused on three of these: IDO, CTLA-4 and PD-1. Presently, several checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for advanced NSCLC including nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab all targeting PD-1 and PD-L1. Depending on level of PD-L1 tumor expression, response rates vary, and a substantial proportion of patients do not respond to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The combination of checkpoint inhibitors have been shown in malignant melanoma and other tumor types to clearly increase the effect. IO102 is a synthetic peptide under development as an immune-modulatory agent targeting cells expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO potently inhibits T-cell immunity in patients with cancer. Treatment with IO102 in NSCLC patients after first line palliative chemotherapy lead to long PFS in a number of patients in a small single arm study. Methods: IO102-001 is a randomized, double-blinded Phase 2 trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IO102 in combination with anti-PD-1 mAb in locally advanced and/or metastatic NSCLC stage III-IV patients eligible for anti-PD-1 mAb 2nd line treatment after first line of chemotherapy. Patients are randomized (2:1) to either a PD-1 inhibitor + IO201 vaccine or a PD-1 inhibitor (SOC). The PD-1 inhibitor will be administered according to label while IO102 will be given as s.c. injection every 2 weeks for the first 12 weeks, and subsequently every 4 weeks for 12 months or until progression, death or withdrawal from trial, whichever comes first. Treatment is continued to progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. Main inclusion criteria is patients diagnosed with locally advanced and/or metastatic NSCLC Stage III-IV, measurable disease according to RECIST (1.1), patients eligible for anti PD-1 mAb treatment after 1st line of chemotherapy , ECOG performance status 0 or 1 and available tumor tissue for further analysis. A total of 90 patients will be included in the trial, and the trial will be active in countries in Europe and the US from Q2 2017.
A Multiscale Neural Network Method for Image Restoration (2008)

This paper describes a novel neural network based multiscale image restoration approach. The method uses a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) trained with synthetic gray level images of artificially degraded co-centered circles. The main difference of the present approach to existing ones relies on the fact that the space relations are used and they are taken from different scales, which makes it possible for the neural network to establish space relations among the considered pixels in the image. This approach attempts at coming up with a simple method that leads to an optimum solution to the problem without the need to establish a priori knowledge of existing noise in the images. The multiscale data is acquired by considering different window sizes around a pixel. The performance of the proposed approach is close to existing restoration techniques but it was observed that the resulting images showed a slight increase in contrast and brightness. The proposed technique is also used as a preprocessing phase in a real-life classification problem of medical Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) by using a fuzzy classification technique.