gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Crosslinking Chemistry on CO<sub>2</sub> Plasticization of Polyimide Gas Separation Membranes (2002)

To suppress undesirable plasticization effects in CO2/CH4 separations, crosslinkable 6FDA-based copolyimides were synthesized by using 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid (DABA) as one of two diamine monomers. DABA contains a carboxylic acid group that can be used to crosslink the polymer chains with ethylene glycol and aluminum acetylacetonate. These chemistries were compared for effectiveness in suppressing CO2 plasticization on the basis of pure CO2 permeation and sorption data up to 800 psia. The time and pressure dependencies of permeation and sorption were analyzed to characterize the plasticization phenomenon and how it can be controlled by covalent crosslinking. Mixed-gas permeation data are reported up to a total feed pressure of 850 psia for the separation of 50:50 CO2/CH4 mixtures at 35 °C. Selectivity losses with increasing feed pressure are modeled to further understand the effects of plasticization, dual-mode sorption, gas-phase nonidealities, and bulk flow on membrane performance. Additionally, a short review of other crosslinking approaches is presented for comparison with the covalently and ionically crosslinked copolyimides. Covalent crosslinking appears most promising for plasticization suppression in practical polyimide membranes.
Chronic Electroconvulsive Treatment Augments Coupling of the GTP‐Binding Protein G<sub>s</sub> to the Catalytic Moiety of Adenylyl Cyclase in a Manner Similar to That Seen with Chronic Antidepressant Drugs (1991)

A significant increase of guanylylimidodiphosphate (GppNHp)-, fluoride-, and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase was observed in synaptic membrane preparations from rat cerebral cortex subsequent to chronic electroconvulsive shock (ECS) treatment. This effect required at least five treatments over a course of 10 days. The inhibition of adenylyl cyclase induced by GppNHp was not affected by these treatments. The dissociation constant (KD) and maximal binding for the photoaffinity GTP analog, [32P]P3-(4-azidoanilido)-P1-5'-GTP [( 32P]AAGTP), to each of the synaptic membrane G proteins also were unchanged after ECS treatment. Nonetheless, the transfer of [32P]AAGTP from Gi to Gs, which we suggest is indicative of the coupling between Gs and the adenylyl cyclase catalytic moiety, was accelerated by chronic ECS treatment but not by acute or sham treatment. Furthermore, chemical uncoupling of Gs from adenylyl cyclase rendered membranes from treated animals indistinguishable from controls. Finally, in all cases tested, membranes prepared from animals subjected to chronic treatment with amitriptyline or iprindole showed similar changes in the Gs-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase. Acute treatments produced effects similar to controls, and liver and kidney membranes from animals receiving chronic treatment showed no changes in adenylyl cyclase despite the marked changes seen in brain. These results suggest that chronic administration of ECS enhances coupling between Gs and adenylyl cyclase enzyme and modifies interactions between Gs and Gi.
The Magic-Size Nanocluster (CdSe)<sub>34</sub> as a Low-Temperature Nucleant for Cadmium Selenide Nanocrystals; Room-Temperature Growth of Crystalline Quantum Platelets (2014)

Reaction of Cd(OAc)<sub>2</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O and selenourea in primary-amine/secondary-amine cosolvent mixtures affords crystalline CdSe quantum platelets at room temperature. Their crystallinity is established by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their sharp extinction and photoluminescence spectra. Reaction monitoring establishes the magic-size nanocluster (CdSe)<sub>34</sub> to be a key intermediate in the growth process, which converts to CdSe quantum platelets by first-order kinetics with no induction period. The results are interpreted to indicate that the critical crystal-nucleus size for CdSe under these conditions is in the range of (CdSe)<sub>34</sub> to (CdSe)<sub>68</sub>. The nanocluster is obtained in isolated form as [(CdSe)<sub>34</sub>(<i>n</i>-octylamine)<sub>16</sub>(di-<i>n</i>-pentylamine)<sub>2</sub>], which is proposed to function as crystal nuclei that may be stored in a bottle.
Reduced Complexity Sphere Decoder for Spatial Modulation Detection Receivers (2010)

In this paper a novel detection algorithm for spatial modulation (SM) based on sphere decoder (SD) tree search idea is proposed. The aim is to reduce the receiver complexity of the existing optimal decoder while maintaining an optimum performance. The algorithm performs a maximum likelihood (ML) search, only over those points that lie inside a sphere, centered at the received signal, of given radius. It is shown with the aid of analytical derivations, that for a SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) between 2~dB and 18~dB at least 45% and up to 85% reduction in the number of complex operations can be achieved with a close to optimal bit-error-ratio (BER) performance.
Convergence rates for iterative vector space projection methods for control of two deformable mirrors for compensation of both amplitude and phase fluctuations (2002)

The control of two deformable mirrors for compensation of time-varying fluctuations in the complex field that results from wave propagation through a turbulent medium is considered. Iterative vector space projection methods are utilized to determine the control commands to be applied to the two deformable mirrors. Convergence of the iterative algorithm is accelerated when the algorithm is initialized, at each measurement period, with the values for the phase commands obtained from the previous measurement period. Furthermore, it is found that, if the sample frequency is sufficiently greater than the Greenwood frequency, then only a single iterative step at each measurement period is required to obtain good compensation of both amplitude and phase fluctuations.
Amino acid sequence of heat‐stable enterotoxin produced by <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> non‐01 (1985)

The amino acid sequence of heat-stable enterotoxin, produced by Vibrio cholerae non-01 and isolated from its culture supernatant, was determined by both Edman degradation of native and reductively carboxymethylated enterotoxin and also a combination of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and carboxypeptidase Y digestion of native enterotoxin to be as follows: Ile-Asp-Cys-Cys-Glu-Ile-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Phe-Gly-Cys-Leu-Asn. This sequence is very similar, but not identical, to those of heat-stable enterotoxins produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Yersinia enterocolitica.
The subcellular localization of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (2000)

Animals, including humans, express two isoforms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC ), ACC1 (M(r) = 265 kDa) and ACC2 (M(r) = 280 kDa). The predicted amino acid sequence of ACC2 contains an additional 136 aa relative to ACC1, 114 of which constitute the unique N-terminal sequence of ACC2. The hydropathic profiles of the two ACC isoforms generally are comparable, except for the unique N-terminal sequence in ACC2. The sequence of amino acid residues 1-20 of ACC2 is highly hydrophobic, suggesting that it is a leader sequence that targets ACC2 for insertion into membranes. The subcellular localization of ACC2 in mammalian cells was determined by performing immunofluorescence microscopic analysis using affinity-purified anti-ACC2-specific antibodies and transient expression of the green fluorescent protein fused to the C terminus of the N-terminal sequences of ACC1 and ACC2. These analyses demonstrated that ACC1 is a cytosolic protein and that ACC2 was associated with the mitochondria, a finding that was confirmed further by the immunocolocalization of a known human mitochondria-specific protein and the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1. Based on analyses of the fusion proteins of ACC-green fluorescent protein, we concluded that the N-terminal sequences of ACC2 are responsible for mitochondrial targeting of ACC2. The association of ACC2 with the mitochondria is consistent with the hypothesis that ACC2 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation through the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 by its product malonyl-CoA.
A Mechanical Amplifier for Haptic Feedback (2013)

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2013
Reaction of aluminium with alkaline sodium stannate solution as a controlled source of hydrogen (2011)

The addition of an alkali has been identified as a simple but effective approach for promoting aluminium (Al)/water (H2O) reactions. However, the use of alkaline solution causes problems with corrosion of system apparatus. We herein report a novel method that can simultaneously address the Al/H2O reaction kinetics and alkali corrosion problems. Our study found that a combined usage of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium stannate (Na2SnO3) can dramatically improve the hydrogen generation kinetics of the Al–H2O system. Furthermore, the addition of a small amount of Na2SnO3 causes a remarkable decrease of NaOH concentration, which is required for achieving favorable system performance. The factors influencing the hydrogen generation performance of the system were investigated. In the preliminary mechanistic study, the solid samples that were collected at different reaction stages were examined by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Our study showed that the most likely mechanism for the promoting effect of Na2SnO3 is the in situ deposition of metallic Sn particles on the Al surface, which act as local inhibitors of the repassivation of Al.
Individual Activity Coefficients of Ions in Aqueous Solutions (1937)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIndividual Activity Coefficients of Ions in Aqueous SolutionsJacob KiellandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1937, 59, 9, 1675–1678Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1937https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01288a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01288a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5176Altmetric-Citations1236LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of Chlorine and Chlorine/Bromine Biocide Treatments on the Number and Activity of Biofilm Bacteria and on Carbon Steel Corrosion (1991)

The efficacy of NaOCl and a mixture of NaOCl and NaBr as biocides at reducing the numbers and metabolic activity of sessile bacteria on carbon steel in a moderately alkaline test medium were evaluated. The polarization resistances, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the carbon steel coupons, were evaluated prior to and during biocide treatments. Corrosion tubercles were observed on the carbon steel samples four days after inoculation with a consortia of five different physiological types of bacteria. NaOCl or NaOCl/NaBr was then added to the vessels containing the steel samples. Exposure to 2 ppm of residual chlorine or residual chlorine/bromine for two hours had little effect on the numbers of sessile bacteria or the bacterial metabolic activity, as measured by14C-acetate incorporation into total lipids. Treatment for two hours with 16 ppm of residual chlorine or residual chlorine/bromine, followed by a 24-h treatment with 2 ppm of residual biocide, decreased sessile aerobic bacteria by two orders of magnitude and decreased sessile sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) by three orders of magnitude. Bacterial metabolic activity was decreased to the levels of the sterile controls following the 16 ppm treatment. Bacteria in the bulk solution were reduced from approximately 5 × 107 cells/mL to less than 1 cell/mL following the 16 ppm treatments. The carbon steel admittance increased when samples were treated with the high concentrations of biocides, compared to untreated controls. These results indicated that low levels of halogen biocide treatments may be ineffective at reducing sessile bacterial populations in moderately alkaline systems. Treatments with high concentrations of halogen biocide, though effective at reducing bacterial numbers and activities, increased the corrosion rate of the carbon steel.
A dynamic malware analyzer against virtual machine aware malicious software (2013)

ABSTRACT Nowadays, cyber‐world is being enriched by a large variety of digital information technology‐based services. An increasing rate of remote and mobile usage leads to a remarkable dependency on information security. Analysis and detection of malicious software or so‐called malware is a challenging task due to the introduction of advanced obfuscation techniques by malware authors. In this study, we mainly concentrate on anti‐virtual machine evasion techniques to provide secure and reproducible environments for malware analysis and its implementation issues. Malwares are identified on the basis of their behaviors by taking precautions related to the anti‐virtual machine detection techniques. The dynamic malware analyzer tool is deployed to execute anti‐virtual machine‐aware malware samples in VMware environment. Dynamic malware analyzer monitors system resources such as connections, processes, windows registry, and file operations. Success ratio of detection is tested by using public malware sets with an accuracy of 92%. The effectiveness and success of the behavior‐based malware analyzer tool is exploited and current state of the art of malware detection schemes is presented. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biomechanics of the Chick Embryonic Heart Outflow Tract at HH18 Using 4D Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging and Computational Modeling (2012)

During developmental stages, biomechanical stimuli on cardiac cells modulate genetic programs, and deviations from normal stimuli can lead to cardiac defects. Therefore, it is important to characterize normal cardiac biomechanical stimuli during early developmental stages. Using the chicken embryo model of cardiac development, we focused on characterizing biomechanical stimuli on the Hamburger-Hamilton (HH) 18 chick cardiac outflow tract (OFT), the distal portion of the heart from which a large portion of defects observed in humans originate. To characterize biomechanical stimuli in the OFT, we used a combination of in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, physiological measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. We found that, at HH18, the proximal portion of the OFT wall undergoes larger circumferential strains than its distal portion, while the distal portion of the OFT wall undergoes larger wall stresses. Maximal wall shear stresses were generally found on the surface of endocardial cushions, which are protrusions of extracellular matrix onto the OFT lumen that later during development give rise to cardiac septa and valves. The non-uniform spatial and temporal distributions of stresses and strains in the OFT walls provide biomechanical cues to cardiac cells that likely aid in the extensive differential growth and remodeling patterns observed during normal development.
Infection of growing swine with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae--effects on growth, serum metabolites, and insulin-like growth factor-I. (2003)

This study evaluated the influence of concomitant infections with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on growth performance, serum metabolite concentrations, and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in growing pigs. Twenty-two barrows (10 weeks of age) were treated with either an intranasal administration of PRRSV and an intratracheal infusion of M. hyopneumoniae (treatment; n = 8) or a sham inoculation with medium (sham; n = 8), or were not treated (control; n = 6). The sham pigs were matched by body weight and pair-wise fed with treatment pigs. Pigs were weighed on the day of inoculation (day 0) and at 4 weeks postinoculation (day 28). Blood samples were collected prior to inoculation and at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Pigs in the treatment group exhibited clinical signs consistent with PRRSV infection and M. hyopneumoniae pneumonia. Diagnostic procedures confirmed that treatment pigs were inoculated with PRRSV and M. hyopneumoniae and that sham and control pigs remained free of both pathogens. Average daily gain and feed conversion did not differ among the 3 groups. The IGF-I levels differed (P < 0.05) between control and treatment pigs, even after feed intake returned to similar levels among groups. At day 7, IGF-I concentrations were greater in sham pigs compared with treatment pigs, despite similar feed intake. Sham inoculation and decreased feed intake in sham pigs did not alter serum IGF-I concentrations. Evidently, IGF-I status of pigs affected with disease is influenced by nutritional and nonnutritional factors during the disease process.
Murine cell lines stably expressing the influenza virus hemagglutinin gene introduced by a recombinant retrovirus vector are constitutive targets for MHC class I- and class II-restricted T lymphocytes. (1989)

A retrovirus vector containing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of influenza virus was constructed and used to infect murine cell lines of fibroblast, mastocytoma and B cell lineages which are able to present antigens to MHC-restricted T cells. Stable cell lines were selected in which the retrovirus vector integrated as a single copy in almost all of the individual cell clones examined. The HA mRNA was shown to be of the expected length by Northern blot analysis, but the levels varied among the cell clones. Although the HA transcript was difficult to detect in any of the retrovirus-infected cell clones derived from fibroblasts, HA Ag was easily detected on the cell surface by cytofluorographic analysis. Significantly, retrovirus-infected clones derived from each cell type were recognized by HA-specific class I and class II MHC-restricted T lymphocytes. HA produced in these cells was able to be acquired, processed, and presented to class II-restricted T cells by additional, non-HA-expressing APC. This indicates that HA endogenously synthesized within these cell lines is available for Ag processing by an exogenous route.
Role of leukocyte accumulation and oxygen radicals in ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury in skeletal muscle (2001)

The role of leukocytes and nonleukocyte-derived reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) in reperfusion-induced skeletal muscle injury was determined. Male rats received 2 h no-flow hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R, n = 6) or were rendered neutropenic via antineutrophil serum (ANS) before I/R (I/R + ANS, n = 5). Oxygen radicals in the absence of neutrophils were tested by administration of dimethylthiourea (DMTU) (I/R + ANS + DMTU, n = 5). Perfused capillaries (CD(per)) and rolling (L(r)), adherent (L(a)), and extravasated leukocytes (L(e)) in the extensor digitorum longus muscle were measured every 15 min during 90 min of reperfusion using intravital microscopy. The vital dyes bisbenzimide (BB) and ethidium bromide (EB) provided direct measures of tissue injury (EB/BB). CD(per) decreased immediately on reperfusion in the I/R and I/R + ANS groups. CD(per) in the I/R + ANS + DMTU group remained at baseline throughout reperfusion. L(a) increased in the I/R group; however, EB/BB was the same between I/R and I/R + ANS groups. Injury in the I/R + ANS + DMTU group did not differ from other groups > or =60 min, after which EB/BB became significantly lower. L(e) did not differ between groups and was highly correlated to tissue injury. The results suggest that L(e) lead to parenchymal injury, and ROMs lead to perfusion deficits during the early reperfusion period after ischemia.
High normal values of circulating immune cell subsets before surgery may be protective against development of postoperative acute kidney injury (2015)

Occlusion of renal artery during stenting procedure by endovascular aortic repair leads to ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). Additionally, significant amount of intravenous contrast agent is used during the procedure. Therefore acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common postoperative complications. Current experimental data suggest an important role of systemic immune reaction in development of AKI after IRI and nephrotoxic agents. However, robust analysis of cellular immune response in clinical setting and its relation to AKI after IRI and iv contrast have not been previously reported.
Storage Area Network Fundamentals (2002)

From the Publisher:
Plan, implement, manage, and use SANs to increase the efficiency of your network infrastructure

An in-depth coverage of SAN fundamentals, topologies, implementation and management techniques, and productsScenario-based questions and hands on exercises facilitate real-life problem solvingPost-chapter assessment questions test the reader's understanding

Storage Area Network Fundamentals looks at the various areas and technologies associated with SANs, the available SAN technology, its limitations, expenditures and ways to minimize them, and the forthcoming technology, so that organizations can deploy real operational storage in data centers without further delay. Designed as an introduction to SANs, Storage Area Network Fundamentals develops an understanding of SAN basics and how to plan, implement, and manage a storage area network. The book covers the different topologies, protocols, and products required to implement and manage efficient SANs, as well as chapter-ending questions to test your knowledge.
Genetic analysis of nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cells. (1993)

Nucleotide excision repair is a versatile process and is one of the best known systems that prevents the deleterious consequences of DNA damage induced by environmental agents and cellular metabolites. Without repair, persisting lesions can interfere with proper functioning of DNA-metabolizing processes, notably transcription and replication, and give rise to mutations. The effect of inefficient or deficient repair is illustrated by genetic repair diseases that predispose individuals to cancer due to the fact that mutations accumulate at a high rate. Here we describe the progress that has been made from the initial cloning and characterization of nucleotide excision repair genes to the current understanding of their function in the complex nucleotide excision repair process.