gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CXCR3+ monocytes/macrophages are required for establishment of pulmonary metastases (2017)

We present a new foundational role for CXCR3<sup>+</sup> monocytes/macrophages in the process of tumor engraftment in the lung. CXCR3 is associated with monocytic and lymphocytic infiltration of inflamed or tumor-bearing lung. Although the requirement for tumor-expressed CXCR3 in metastatic engraftment has been demonstrated, the role of monocyte-expressed CXCR3 had not been appreciated. In a murine model of metastatic-like melanoma, engraftment was coordinate with CXCR3<sup>+</sup> monocyte/macrophage accumulation in the lungs and was sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of CXCR3 signaling. Tumor engraftment to lung was impaired in CXCR3<sup>-/-</sup> mice, and transient reconstitution with circulating CXCR3-replete monocytes was sufficient to restore engraftment. These data illustrate the paradoxical pro-tumor role for CXCR3 in lung immunobiology wherein the CXCR3 axis drives both the anti-tumor effector cell chemoattraction and pro-tumor infiltration of the lungs and suggests a potential therapeutic target for lung-tropic metastasizing cancers.
Neuronal Aggregate Formation Underlies Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Nonsynaptic Seizure Initiation (2003)

High-frequency activity often precedes seizure onset. We found that electrographic seizures, induced in vitro using the low-Ca(2+) model, start with high-frequency (>150 Hz) activity that then decreases in frequency while increasing in amplitude. Multichannel and unit recordings showed that the mechanism of this transition was the progressive formation of larger neuronal aggregates. Thus the apparent high-frequency activity, at seizure onset, can reflect the simultaneous recording of several slower firing aggregates. Aggregate formation rate can be accelerated by reducing osmolarity. Because synaptic transmission is blocked when extracellular Ca(2+) is reduced, nonsynaptic mechanisms (gap junctions, field effects) must be sufficient for aggregate formation and recruitment.
Abstract 4784: Effect of epigenetic drugs on chromatin remodeling complexes disrupted in cancer (2015)

Abstract Chromatin remodeling complexes undergo dynamic assembly of chromatin to facilitate the access to DNA packed in nucleosomes during DNA-template cellular processes. They present genetic alterations in multiple of its components in a broad range of hematological and solid malignancies. The SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex subunits BRG1 and ARID1A were reported to act as tumor suppressors and they are mutated in a variety of human cancers including breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. In contrast with the irreversible genomic mutations, epigenetic modifications can be reversed by therapeutic treatment. New generation of epigenetic drugs consists on specific inhibitors against chromatin associated proteins which present abnormal expression in tumors. Bromodomain and BET inhibitors block the assembly of a protein complex at a particular gene locus by impairing the interaction of the bromodomain with the acetylated lysine of a histone tail. To date, some BET inhibitors have been tested for the treatment of the rare NUT midline carcinoma disease, acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma. Our aim was to find new potential biomarkers for a personalized cancer treatment with new generation epigenetic drugs. Thus, we tested whether cell lines with a component of the SWI/SNF complex disrupted (BRG1 or ARID1A) present more sensitivity to bromodomain inhibitors. Citation Format: Montserrat Pérez-Salvia, Laia Simó-Riudalbas, Manel Esteller. Effect of epigenetic drugs on chromatin remodeling complexes disrupted in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4784. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4784
Functional analysis of a transactivation domain in the thyroid hormone beta receptor. (1994)

Hormone-dependent transcriptional activation (AF-2) by the thyroid hormone beta receptor (TR beta) localizes to its carboxyl-terminal domain. A putative transactivation sequence within this domain was analyzed by mutating individual residues to alanine. Mutant receptor carboxyl-terminal domains were tested coupled to the heterologous DNA binding domain of Gal4. A single mutant receptor (E460A) showed normal hormone binding and activation, whereas several others (P453A, F455A, L456A, F459A) exhibited impaired transactivation which correlated with their reduced ligand binding. Two mutations (L454A, E457A) were able to dissociate these properties, generating transcriptionally defective mutant proteins with preserved hormone binding. A further conservative substitution (E457D) was also nonfunctional, and these three mutations were equally deleterious when tested in the context of full-length TR beta with a natural thyroid hormone response element containing promoter. This loss of activity was not due to altered DNA binding or expression of mutant receptors in cultured cells. They also retained the ability to recruit VP16-tagged retinoid X receptor in vivo as well as bind the basal transcription factors TFIIB and TBP in vitro. Our observations indicate that conserved hydrophobic (Leu454) and charged (Glu457) residues mediate AF-2 activity of TR beta, possibly via a co-activator that has yet to be identified.
Organic-inorganic nanocomposites for micro optical applications (1994)

Control of phase separation during the sol-gel process is an essential issue in case of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for optical and microoptical applications. In order to minimize optical losses by scattering effects, phase dimensions are controlled to be in the nm range. The use of nanoparticles allows to adjust the index of refraction only by changing particle contents and buffer and gladding coatings can be built up in combination with waveguiding films. Examples are given for the control of the conversion behavior of C=C double bonds of methacrylate functionalized alkoxides in case of photopolymerization, which is an other essential issue to taylor material properties. Patterning techniques are presented to get micro optical devices like strip-waveguides, diffraction gratings and Fresnel micro lenses.
Homology-based model of the extracellular domain of the taste receptor T1R3 (2002)

Abstract The extracellular ligand binding domain of the sweet receptor T1R3 has been homology-modeled on the basis of the crystal structure of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1). The region of the model that corresponds to the ligand binding site of mGluR1 has numerous polar and charged side-chains, consistent with expectations for a site that would respond to poly hydroxy compounds such as mono- and disaccharides. Docking studies show that proposed active conformations of the high-potency sweeteners neotame, superaspartame, and SC-45647 could interact favorably in this binding site, forming ion pairs or ionic hydrogen bonds with His-163, Glu-318, and His-407, in addition to hydrophobic interactions with numerous nonpolar side-chains.
Preface to the 3rd issue of the International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, 2013 (2013)

IJMBR is a highly brandable 5 letter .com name representing a site about health and research. It served as an online platform for the International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, an open-access journal meant to promote quality research and publication in medical sciences.
A system for rapid exploration of shader optimization choices (2016)

We present Spire, a shading language and compiler framework that facilitates rapid exploration of shader optimization choices (such as frequency reduction and algorithmic approximation) afforded by modern real-time graphics engines. Our design combines ideas from rate-based shader programming with new language features that expand the scope of shader execution beyond traditional GPU hardware pipelines, and enable a diverse set of shader optimizations to be described by a single mechanism: overloading shader terms at various spatio-temporal computation rates provided by the pipeline. In contrast to prior work, neither the shading language's design, nor our compiler framework's implementation, is specific to the capabilities of any one rendering pipeline, thus Spire establishes architectural separation between the shading system and the implementation of modern rendering engines (allowing different rendering pipelines to utilize its services). We demonstrate use of Spire to author complex shaders that are portable across different rendering pipelines and to rapidly explore shader optimization decisions that span multiple compute and graphics passes and even offline asset preprocessing. We further demonstrate the utility of Spire by developing a shader level-of-detail library and shader auto-tuning system on top of its abstractions, and demonstrate rapid, automatic re-optimization of shaders for different target hardware platforms.
An Electrostatic, On/Off Microvalve Designed for Gas Fuel Delivery for the MIT Microengine (2004)

The MIT micro-gas turbine engine requires an integrated fuel-metering device in order to implement on-board engine control. Graded fuel control can be achieved with an array of on/off valves. Each valve in the array must withstand an annealing temperature of 1100/spl deg/C during fabrication and open against 1 MPa of supply pressure at 400/spl deg/C operating temperature. This paper presents the design, fabrication and testing of an electrostatic, on/off silicon prototype valve. Tested with nitrogen at room temperature, the valve opened against a differential pressure of 0.9 MPa with 136 V and delivered a mass flow rate of 45 sccm (3.38 g/h). At 0.1y MPa upstream pressure, the helium leak-rate was measured to be 6/spl times/10/sup -3/ sccm. The valve showed no sign of failure after being continuously actuated for more than 10/sup 5/ cycles. The prototype valve will serve as the base-line design for the engine fuel valve array.
Injection-Time Effects on Falloff Responses From Composite Reservoirs (1990)

Summary An analytical solution for a radial, composite reservoir is used to establish dimensionless injection time based on the front radius as a correlating parameter for falloff responses of all front radii. Effects of short injection time on the accuracy of methods used to estimate swept volume (or front radius) are discussed. If injection-time effects are ignored, the pseudo-steady-state method may overestimate swept volume by an order of magnitude. For short injection times, model selection (a two- vs. three-region model) for type-curve matching can be difficult. Finally, a correlation is presented for the magnitude of injection time to analyze falloff data with an injectivity type curve.
Minor Nucleotide Substitutions in the <i>omp31</i> Gene of <i>Brucella ovis</i> Result in Antigenic Differences in the Major Outer Membrane Protein That It Encodes Compared to Those of the Other <i>Brucella</i> Species (2001)

The gene coding for the major outer membrane protein Omp31 was sequenced in five Brucella species and their biovars. Although the omp31 genes appeared to be highly conserved in the genus Brucella, nine nucleotide substitutions were detected in the gene of Brucella ovis compared to that of Brucella melitensis. As shown by differential binding properties of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the two Brucella species, these nucleotide substitutions result in different antigenic properties of Omp31. The antigenic differences were also evidenced when sera from B. ovis-infected rams were tested by Western blotting with the recombinant B. melitensis or B. ovis Omp31 proteins. Twelve available sera reacted with recombinant B. ovis Omp31, but only four of them reacted with recombinant B. melitensis Omp31. These results validate previous evidence for the potential of Omp31 as a diagnostic antigen for B. ovis infection in rams and demonstrate that B. ovis Omp31, instead of B. melitensis Omp31, should be used to evaluate this point. The antigenic differences between the B. melitensis and B. ovis Omp31 proteins should also be taken into account when Omp31 is evaluated as a candidate for the development of subcellular vaccines against B. ovis infection. No reactivity against recombinant B. melitensis Omp31 was detected, by Western blotting, with sera from B. melitensis-infected sheep. Accordingly, Omp31 does not seem to be a good diagnostic antigen for B. melitensis infections in sheep. Two immunodominant regions were identified on the B. ovis Omp31 protein by using recombinant DNA techniques and specific MAbs. Sera from B. ovis-infected rams that reacted with the recombinant protein were tested by Western blotting against one of these immunodominant regions shown to be exposed at the bacterial surface. Only 4 of the 12 sera reacted, but with strong intensity.
p53 mutations in nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck: molecular evidence for field cancerization. (1995)

Multiple and distinct p53 mutations were detected by DNA sequence analysis in tumor and adjacent nonmalignant skin samples from eight patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer of the head and neck, providing unambiguous evidence for field cancerization. The mutations consisted of C-->T transitions at dipyrimidine sequences (30% of all single base substitutions), T-->C transitions (47%), and G-->T transversions (12%), suggesting that other carcinogens may act along with UV radiation in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Patient interviews revealed that, in addition to substantial exposure to solar UV radiation, most had a history of smoking and were exposed to carcinogens from industrial or agricultural sources. These data show that extensive molecular epidemiological investigations are necessary to elucidate risk factors associated with the disease in localities where patients often report substantial exposure to environmental carcinogens.
TV Commercial Classification by using Multi-Modal Textual Information (2006)

In this paper, we propose an approach for TV commercial video classification by the categories of advertised products or services (e.g. automobiles, healthcare products, etc). Since automatic speech recognition (ASR) and optical character recognition (OCR) can deliver meaningful textual information related to products or services, TV commercial video classification is formulated as the problem of text categorization. However, there exist two challenges. Firstly, the background music of TV commercials makes ASR techniques yield erroneous and deficient output transcripts. Secondly, even if ASR and OCR could work perfectly, the limited textual information from TV commercials do not suffice to train a generic and non-overfitting text categorizer. For the first issue, our approach resorts to the external resources to expand deficient ASR and OCR transcripts. The output transcripts of ASR and OCR are parsed to yield a few keywords, on which a Web searching is executed to retrieve relevant and semantically informative articles from World Wide Web (WWW). The retrieved articles are then utilized to construct textual feature vectors and perform text categorization on behalf of commercials. For the second issue, a topic-wise document corpus is constructed from the public corpora like Reuters-21578 or from the articles manually collected from WWW for the training of text categorizers. Experimental results have shown that the proposed approach alleviates the negative effects from weak ASR/OCR performance and yield a promising classification accuracy of 80.9%
Quantitative assay for carcinogen altered differentiation in mouse epidermal cells (1980)

Basal epidermal cells can be selectively maintained as a monolayer in culture medium containing a low ionic calcium concentration of 0.01-0.10 mM. Cessation of proliferation, maturation and shedding of squamous sheets can be induced in this population by increasing the calcium concentration above 0.1 mM. Since alterations in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation are associated with epidermal carcinogenesis in vivo, it appeared reasonable that changes in the phenotypic response to calcium might follow exposure to carcinogens in vitro. Support for this hypothesis was provided by the observation that malignant epidermal cells continued to proliferate when switched from low to high calcium medium, and could thus be selected from a mixture of such cells and a large excess of normal cells which did not survive after induced differentiation. Normal primary epidermal cells were plated in low calcium medium, treated on day 3 with a chemical carcinogen, maintained for 3-9 weeks in low calcium (0.02 mM) and then switched to high calcium medium (1.4 mM). After an additional 4 weeks, surviving epithelial colonies were fixed, stained with rhodamine and counted. Treatment of cultures with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine yielded 4-10 fold more colonies than solvent controls. Colony number was proportional to carcinogen dose for both agents, and increased with time in low calcium prior to selection by calcium increase. Cells obtained from colonies in treated cultures demonstrated characteristic epidermal morphology and keratinization, and could be subcultured, but did not grow in agar or produce tumors in syngeneic hosts. This model system represents a quantitative assay for carcinogen altered epithelial cell differentiation and may select for an early property of preneoplastic epidermal cells.
A multi-view face detection system based on DSP platform (2008)

To meet the requirement of the multi-view face detection in the field of embedded system,this paper first implements Real Adaboost algorithm on the DSP platform(TMS320DM642).To improve performance,algorithm level and implementation level optimization are introduced and result in a processing speed of 18 frames per second.The experimental results show that compared with the system based on Discrete Adaboost algorithm,the system is more adapt to multi-view face detection.It enlarges the application scope of the face detection technology.
A Combination of Ion Exchange and Electrochemical Reduction for Nitrate Removal from Drinking Water Part II: Electrochemical Treatment of a Spent Regenerant Solution (2004)

The process of electrochemical treatment of a solution after strong basic anion exchanger regeneration was studied. The goal of the study was to reduce the nitrate content in the solution to allow its use in a closed loop. Diaphragmless, flow-through cells in a recirculation mode with and without a fluidizing bed of inert particles in the interelectrode space equipped with copper (Cu) cathodes and activated titanium anodes were used. The temperature was maintained at 20 degrees C. To assess the influence of recirculation of the regenerant solution on the quality of the treated water, the effect of the addition of copper ions to the solution, postelectrolysis cathode treatment, and enhanced mass transfer on the electrolysis results with respect to current efficiency and residual nitrate and nitrite concentration were investigated using an artificial solution. On the basis of the experimental results, a laboratory-scale unit for selective nitrate removal was designed and constructed that integrated ion exchange and electrochemical cell to one assembly. The process of recirculation of regenerant solution was tested using groundwater.
Helping children learn to read (1985)

Promotes the teaching of reading in a child-centred, language rich environment in order to produce children who are truly literate - who can and do read. This text presents current theories and techniques for creating a primary classroom reading programme.
Isolation and molecular characterization of the Aspergillus nidulans wA gene. (1990)

The walls of Aspergillus nidulans conidia contain a green pigment that protects the spores from damage by ultraviolet light. At least two genes, wA and yA, are required for pigment synthesis: yA mutants produce yellow spores, wA mutants produce white spores, and wA mutations are epistatic to yA mutations. We cloned wA by genetic complementation of the wA3 mutation with a cosmid library containing nuclear DNA inserts from the wild-type strain. The wA locus was mapped to an 8.5-10.5-kilobase region by gene disruption analysis. DNA fragments from this region hybridized to a 7500 nucleotide polyadenylated transcript that is absent from hyphae and mature conidia but accumulates during conidiation beginning when pigmented spores first appear. Mutations in the developmental regulatory loci brlA, abaA, wetA and apsA prevent wA mRNA accumulation. By contrast, yA mRNA fails to accumulate only in the brlA- and apsA- mutants. Thus, the level of wA transcript is regulated during conidiophore development and wA activation requires genes within the central pathway regulating conidiation.
GaInP semiconductor compounds doped with the Sb isovalent impurity (2015)

GaInP1 − x Sb x layers containing different Sb fractions are produced by metal-organic vaporphase epitaxy on GaAs and Ge substrates. The charge-carrier mobilities in the GaInP1 − x Sb x layers are measured at room temperature and 77 K. The room-temperature charge-carrier mobilities in the GaInP1 − x Sb x layers additionally doped with donor and acceptor impurities are measured. The photoluminescence peaks of GaInP1 − x Sb x are detected. The influence of the Sb impurity on the band gap and charge-carrier mobility in GaInP is determined.
PECS: a peak current and power simulator for CMOS combinational circuits (1996)

Electromigration of metal wires and excessive heat dissipation are two common reliability problems facing IC designers today. Techniques for fast estimation of peak supply current and power dissipation in ICs to ensure proper design and long-term reliable operation are of great interest. However, finding such peak quantities in VLSI combinational circuits has always been a difficult problem due to the exponential dependence on the input vectors applied to the given circuit. Static CMOS combinational circuits complicate the problem further because such worst-case quantities depend on the application of two successive input-vector patterns. In this paper, we present a simulator that transforms the switching activity in a given CMOS combinational circuit into a set of weighted Boolean clauses in terms of the two-vector sequence. We develop transformational rules that account for differing arrival times of the input signals, gate sizes, load capacitances, and signal glitching phenomena in a given circuit. Satisfying a maximum number of the Boolean clauses, weighted appropriately by the node capacitances and strengths of transistors driving the nodes, yields the desired sequence of two input vectors. PEGS is developed to formulate the switching activity, find the worst-case input vector pattern, and calculate the peak supply current waveform as well as power dissipation from circuit netlists. Experimental results show, on the average, no more than 10% deviation from those of SPICE and a significant speedup of our simulator over SPICE.