gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new approach for symbol frame synchronization and carrier frequency estimation in OFDM communications (1999)

This work considers the problem of jointly estimating symbol frame boundaries and carrier frequency offsets for orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) communications in frequency selective fading environments. Orthogonality between the modulated and virtual carriers over an interference free window of the received signal is used to develop an algorithm for estimating the carrier frequency offset and detecting the beginning of a symbol frame. By using a cyclic prefix to remove interference from neighboring frames, the the method is applicable in the presence of dispersive channels. The main contribution of this work is the joint estimation of the frequency offset and the frame boundary.
A Platform for Designing Solutions for Automotive Autonomous Driving based on Evolutionary Robotics approach (2007)

We consider the autonomous driving of real vehicles as a challenging framework where Robotics-oriented approach might be effective in solve complex tasks. Here we discuss some of the autonomous navigation features in order to set up an environment to develop neural control systems for automotive autonomous driving. In this work we introduce the Evolutionary Robotics as a framework for automatically evolve and select neuro-controllers to test in a conceptual experiment reproducing the road scenario features. Preliminary experiments of Cruise Control and Adaptive Cruise Control were conducted in simulation, comparing the results of both our simulator and a commercial dedicated simulator providing a complete car library. The experiments help in evaluating the feasibility of novel approaches in the development of controllers for automotive vehicles.
Immobilization of Phosphotungstic Acid (PTA) on Imidazole Functionalized Silica: Evidence for the Nature of PTA Binding by Solid State NMR and Reaction Studies (2009)

Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) immobilized onto imidazole functionalized fumed silica and was used as an efficient catalyst for epoxidation of a variety of olefins using aqueous H2O2 as an oxidant. Negligible leaching of PTA under the reaction conditions employed indicates a strong interaction between PTA and imidazole. The immobilized catalysts could be separated and reused after the catalytic cycle. Evidence for the heterogenization of PTA on the imidazole functionalized fumed silica has been inferred from different spectroscopic techniques like IR, UV−vis, and NMR. Importantly, the nature of binding of PTA on the support has been studied in detail by solid state NMR spectroscopy using 15N labeled imidazole support. It is clear from the NMR studies that the effective heterogenization of PTA is mainly due to imidazolium ion formation on the support by the acidic protons of PTA and the resultant ion pair.
Single photon detector with a mesoscopic cycling excitation design of dual gain sections and a transport barrier (2019)

Conventional semiconductor single photon detectors (SPDs) are Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes made of high-quality crystalline semiconductors and require external quenching circuits. Here we report a design of an SPD having dual gain sections to obtain mesoscopic cycling excitation and an amorphous/crystalline heterointerface to form an electron transport barrier that suppresses gain fluctuations. The dual gain sections comprise a crystalline silicon n/p junction and a thin layer of amorphous silicon. At 100 MHz, the device shows single photon detection efficiency greater than 11%, self-recovery time of less than 1 ns, and an excess noise factor of 1.22 at an average gain around 75,000 under 8.5 V bias.
Development of an Unmanned Traffic Management Simulation with Robot Operating System and Gazebo (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1918.vid his paper emphasizes the need of a simulation environment to test the development of UTM(Unmanned Traffic Management) systems being configured currently in the United States. This paper provides results of 2 methods done for the simulation of a UTM system that provides a Third Party Landing service. One simulation is conducted with Monte Carlo to analyze the probability of success of the Third Party Landing Service in guiding 4 to 10 UAS for landing. The other simulation was done through Robot Operating System (ROS) and Unreal Engine in a higher fidelity visualization of the UTM with the Third Party Landing Service.
Preliminary reports … works in progress: Transjugular approach to transseptal balloon mitral valvuloplasty (1997)

The feasibility of a transjugular approach to septal puncture and Inoue-balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) was studied in 20 patients with severe mitral stenosis and varying degrees of anatomic atrial distortion. Left atrial entry by transjugular septal puncture was achieved without difficulty and BMV completed in all patients. In all of 16 patients who had high septal punctures, crossing the mitral valve with the Inoue-balloon was consistently simple and quick. In one patient, septal dilation after very high septal puncture led to a tear extending to the atrial free wall, resulting in cardiac tamponade requiring surgery. Another patient developed severe mitral regurgitation after BMV and required mitral valve replacement. Excellent results were obtained in 16 patients. The transjugular approach simplifies BMV procedure significantly in patients with distorted atrial anatomy and allows rapid patient mobilization. Its safety and efficacy need to be established in larger studies.
Gastrodia elata Blume (tianma) mobilizes neuro-protective capacities. (2012)

Tianma (Gastrodia elata Blume) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) often used for the treatment of headache, convulsions, hypertension and neurodegenerative diseases. Tianma also modulates the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein App and cognitive functions in mice. The neuronal actions of tianma thus led us to investigate its specific effects on neuronal signalling. Accordingly, this pilot study was designed to examine the effects of tianma on the proteome metabolism in differentiated mouse neuronal N2a cells using an iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation)-based proteomics research approach. We identified 2178 proteins, out of which 74 were found to be altered upon tianma treatment in differentiated mouse neuronal N2a cells. Based on the observed data obtained, we hypothesize that tianma could promote neuro-regenerative processes by inhibiting stress-related proteins and mobilizing neuroprotective genes such as Nxn, Dbnl, Mobkl3, Clic4, Mki67 and Bax with various regenerative modalities and capacities related to neuro-synaptic plasticity.
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Hydroxy-Functional Methacrylates at Ambient Temperature:  Comparison of Glycerol Monomethacrylate with 2-Hydroxypropyl Methacrylate (2002)

The homopolymerization of two hydroxy-functional monomers, glycerol monomethacrylate [GMA] and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate [HPMA], has been investigated using ATRP chemistry in aqueous, methanolic, or water/methanol solution. In methanol, both monomers are polymerized to high conversion with reasonably good control (final polydispersities are 1.30 and 1.09 for GMA and HPMA, respectively) within a few hours at 20 °C. “Self-blocking” chain growth experiments indicate good living character under these conditions. Addition of water leads to much more rapid polymerizations in both cases, but high polydispersities (e.g., Mw/Mn = 1.90 for a 50/50 water/methanol mixture) were always obtained with GMA. With HPMA, relatively low polydispersities (Mw/Mn = 1.17) can be achieved under the same conditions. Several new diblock copolymers were synthesized using poly(alkylene oxide)-based macroinitiators. One of these hydrophilic−hydrophobic diblocks proved to be thermoresponsive and aggregated reversibly in aqueous media.
Difficidin and oxydifficidin: Novel broad spectrum antibacterial antibiotics produced by Bacillus subtilis. III. Mode of action of difficidin. (1987)

The mode of action of difficidin (DIF) was investigated. Upon addition of DIF to log phase cultures of Escherichia coli, growth ceased immediately and small round cells accumulated after 30 minutes incubation. No cell lysis was observed. DIF was rapidly bactericidal to both growing and stationary phase cultures, and inhibited protein synthesis more rapidly than RNA, DNA, or cell-wall synthesis in growing cells. Protein synthesis was also inhibited in a cell-free system. The frequency of natural mutation to resistance in E. coli was less than 1 in 10(10) cells.
The Compact Environmental Anomaly Sensor Risk Reduction: A Pathfinder for Operational Energetic Charged Particle Sensors (2017)

Compact environmental anomaly sensor risk reduction (CEASE-RR) is a new sensor designed for anomaly attribution due to the space radiation environment. It does this using two solid-state particle telescopes that have been designed to measure proton and electron fluxes that are the drivers for three of the four primary space environment effects (event total dose, deep-dielectric charging, and single event effects). These telescopes are integrated into a compact package along with space reserved for a planned electrostatic analyzer being developed for the final CEASE 3 design (covering the fourth primary space environment effect-surface charging). The sensors themselves will measure a wider dynamic range in particle flux, provide higher energy resolution, have better out-of-band contamination rejection, and improved diagnostic capability compared to previous CEASE instruments. The CEASE-RR instrument is planned to be launched in 2018 to geostationary orbit as part of an Air Force Research Laboratory flight experiment. The sensor design, calibration, and planned flight experiment objectives are described in this paper.
Marine turtles and fisheries in the Mediterranean: are we missing something? (2003)

We analyzed data on the by-catch of 59 loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in coastal gill nets in the eastern Adriatic Sea, in the 2000-2002. We divided the year into two periods: the period” (from the beginning of May to the end of October) and the cold period (from the beginning of November to the end of April), and tested the temporal distribution of by-catch by means of a chi-square test. Data on the gill net fishing fleet were obtained from the Directorate of Fisheries, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Croatia and through personal interviews with fishermen in Slovenia. We found a significant association between by-catch in gill nets and the warm (chi-sq = 4.33, p = 0.03, d.f. = 1), which implies that loggerheads in the eastern Adriatic are mostly involved with gill nets during the of increased activity, between the end of April and November. Furthermore, our study showed that gill nets affect both small juveniles ( 50 cm CCL), in the ratio 1.2:1, respectively. The mean mortality was 54.9% (n=51). Out of about 2, 400 fishing vessels that operate with gill nets along about 3, 000 km of the total coastline of Croatia, 89.4% are less than 12 m in length. A total of 12, 142 km of gill nets are registered, which gives about 5 km of gill nets per boat, or 3.3 to 6.2 times more than is allowed by the law, depending of the type of net. About 60 gill netters are registered along 44 km of Slovenian coast, fishing with 2-4 km of gill nets per boat. In total, between 120 and 240 km of gill nets are set along 44 km of Slovenian coastline, causing a direct mortality of loggerheads of 65.4%. Considering the high mortality rates, it is quite possible that the cumulative lethal effect of numerous small coastal gill net fisheries could have a direct mortality level equivalent to that of larger, commercial fisheries. A loggerhead population model showed that a reduction of mortality in the large juvenile and subadult stages would contribute most to population recovery. Therefore, assessment and management of gill net fisheries in the Mediterranean and a reduction of mortality through time and/or area closures should be emphasized as a conservation priority, particularly in foraging and inter-nesting habitats, and along the migration pathways of marine turtles.
Moving target search (1991)

We consider the case of heuristic search where the location of the goal maychange during the course of the search. For example, the goal may be a target that is actively avoiding the problem solver. We presentamoving target search algorithm (MTS) to solve this problem. Weprove that if the average speed of the target is slower than that of the problem solver, then the problem solver is guaranteed to eventually reachthe target. An implementation with randomly positioned obstacles confirms that the MTS algorithm is highly effectiveinvarious situations.
Design Reuse of on/off-Chip Bus Bridge for Efficient Test Access to AMBA-based SoC (2007)

This paper introduces an efficient test access mechanism for advanced microcontroller bus architecture (AMBA) based SoC to reduce the test application time while minimally adding a new test interface logic. Testable design technique is applied to an SoC with the advanced high-performance bus (AHB) and PCI bus bridge by maximally reusing the bridge functions. Testing time can be significantly reduced by increasing the test channels and by shortening the test control protocols. Experimental results show that area overhead and testing times in both functional and structural test modes are considerably reduced.
Effect of composition on freezing points of model hydrocarbon fuels (1981)

A study of the effect of composition on the freezing points of model hydrocarbon jet fuel type mixtures was performed. Solutions of higher n-alkanes (C/sub 12/ to C/sub 17/) in several solvents were emphasized. Freezing points (T/sub m/) of solutions of single alkanes were found to conform with the Van't Hoff ideal solubility equation. From the slopes and intercepts of plots of concentration (Ln X) vs 1/T/sub m/, heats (..delta..H/sub m/) and entropies (..delta..S/sub m/) of fusion, and extrapolated freezing points of pure alkanes (T/sub m,o/) were derived T/sub m,o/ values were in good agreement with the literature values for the pure alkanes. For ..delta..H/sub m/ and ..delta..S/sub m/, only the even carbon numbered alkanes exhibited values similar to literature data for the pure compounds. This alternating behavior for the n-alkanes series has been observed for melting point and other properties of the pure compounds. For alkanes in other solvents, considerable solubility effect was noticed. For C/sub 14/ and C/sub 16/, decalin and Isopar-M were found to be relatively good solvents but aromatic compounds, such as butyl benzenes, were relatively poor. For naphthalene, butyl benzene was a better solvent than isopar-M. For mixtures of C/sub 13/ and C/sub 16/ inmore » Isopar-M, significant changes or reversals of slope were observed for 1/T plotted against Ln X (C/sub 13/ concentration) at various C/sub 16/ concentrations, and this suggested interaction between the two alkane solutes. C/sub 16/ had the predominant effect in C/sub 13/ + C/sub 16/ solutions in Isopar-M. Above about 4% C/sub 16/, changes in C/sub 13/ concentration had no observable effect.« less
Targeting the Ubiquitin E1 as a Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy (2013)

The proteasomal pathway of protein degradation involves two discrete steps: ubiquitination and degradation. Blocking protein degradation by inhibiting the proteasome has well described biologic effects and proteasome inhibitors are approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. In contrast, the biological effects and potential therapeutic utility of inhibiting the ubiquitination cascade and the initiating enzyme UBA1 are less well understood. UBA1 is the initial enzyme in the ubiquitination cascade and initiates the transfer of ubiquitin molecules to target proteins where they are degraded by the proteasome. Here, we review the biological effects of UBA1 inhibition and discuss UBA1 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents. Similar to proteasome inhibition, blocking UBA1 elicits an unfolded protein response and induces cell death in malignant cells over normal cells. Chemical UBA1 inhibitors have been developed that target different regions of the enzyme and inhibit its function through different mechanisms. These molecules are useful tools to understand the biology of UBA1 and highlight the potential of inhibiting this target for the treatment of malignancy.
A polydimethylsiloxane–polycarbonate hybrid microfluidic device capable of generating perpendicular chemical and oxygen gradients for cell culture studies (2014)

This paper reports a polydimethylsiloxane-polycarbonate (PDMS-PC) hybrid microfluidic device capable of performing cell culture under combinations of chemical and oxygen gradients. The microfluidic device is constructed of two PDMS layers with microfluidic channel patterns separated by a thin PDMS membrane. The top layer contains an embedded PC film and a serpentine channel for a spatially confined oxygen scavenging chemical reaction to generate an oxygen gradient in the bottom layer for cell culture. Using the chemical reaction method, the device can be operated with a small amount of chemicals, without bulky gas cylinders and sophisticated flow control schemes. Furthermore, it can be directly used in conventional incubators with syringe pumps to simplify the system setup. The bottom layer contains arrangements of serpentine channels for chemical gradient generation and a cell culture chamber in the downstream. The generated chemical and oxygen gradients are experimentally characterized using a fluorescein solution and an oxygen-sensitive fluorescent dye, respectively. For demonstration, a 48 hour cell-based drug test and a cell migration assay using human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549) are conducted under various combinations of the chemical and oxygen gradients in the experiments. The drug testing results show an increase in A549 cell apoptosis due to the hypoxia-activated cytotoxicity of tirapazamine (TPZ) and also suggest great cell compatibility and gradient controllability of the device. In addition, the A549 cell migration assay results demonstrate an aerotactic behavior of the A549 cells and suggest that the oxygen gradient plays an essential role in guiding cell migration. The migration results, under combinations of chemokine and oxygen gradients, cannot be simply superposed with single gradient results. The device is promising to advance the control of in vitro microenvironments, to better study cellular responses under various physiological conditions for biomedical applications.
Mediacaptain - an interface for browsing streaming media (2000)

The increase of bandwidth and streaming technology has made video on the Web the current “killer-app” of the dot-com world. However, users still face many problems. Users have to find the right video and the right segment within the video. Locally stored files provide easy (but still not very sophisticated) access to individual points in the video by utilizing a seek slider. If the video is streamed over the Internet, this slider loses much of its attraction. Every accessed point in the video requires the video player to buffer, which causes a time lag.
Microfluidic Techniques for Analytes Concentration (2017)

Microfluidics has been undergoing fast development in the past two decades due to its promising applications in biotechnology, medicine, and chemistry. Towards these applications, enhancing concentration sensitivity and detection resolution are indispensable to meet the detection limits because of the dilute sample concentrations, ultra-small sample volumes and short detection lengths in microfluidic devices. A variety of microfluidic techniques for concentrating analytes have been developed. This article presents an overview of analyte concentration techniques in microfluidics. We focus on discussing the physical mechanism of each concentration technique with its representative advancements and applications. Finally, the article is concluded by highlighting and discussing advantages and disadvantages of the reviewed techniques.
Extreme ultraviolet lithography for 0.1 μm devices (2003)

Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) has emerged as one of the leading successors to optics for 0.1 /spl mu/m IC fabrication. Its strongest attribute is the potential to scale to much finer resolution at high throughput. As such, this technique could meet the lithography needs for Si ULSI down to fundamental device limits. In the United States, Lawrence Livermore, Sandia, and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories are participating in an industry funded research effort to evolve EUV technology and build a prototype camera for lithographic exposure. More recently, both Europe and Japan have initiated government/industry sponsored programs in EUVL development. This talk focuses on program successes to date, and highlights some of the challenges that still lie ahead.
Analysis of positioning accuracy corresponding to the number of BLE beacons in indoor positioning system (2015)

In these days, a technology that utilize of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon, has been attracted attention to provide variety of convenience services. Especially, not limited to the service that can assist to people directly such as public safety, healthcare, proximity-based service, mobile payment, etc., a technology that can provide convenience indirectly such as asset tracking has also been proposed. Most of all, the indoor location awareness using BLE beacon is the essential technique that can realize these services, it is expected to be more focused if the more BLE beacon is spread in the future. In this paper, we first analyse practical path loss model of BLE signals with compared to that of Wi-Fi signals in order to take advantage of the BLE beacon for indoor positioning. To estimate the practical path loss model, we employed four BLE beacons (each two beacon is the same manufacturer) and two of Wi-Fi AP. Each signal was measured during one minute at each reference distance from lm to 13m (with 2m interval) in a Line-of-Sight (LOS) environment. The calculated path loss model was used to generate a BLE signal virtually, we applied the model to configure the BLE radiomap and generate positioning measurement data in our simulation. Since BLE signal has relatively lower tx power compared to Wi-Fi APs, it requires much more beacons to achieve comparable positioning accuracy. We focused on the relationship between the number of installed beacon and its positioning accuracy in this paper.
"Sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants"*: the efficacy of sun exposure for reducing fungal contamination in used clothes. (2014)

Sun exposure of contaminated clothes was effective in lowering the contamination rate. This finding enhances the current trends of energy saving and environmental protection, which recommend low temperature laundry.