gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological Control of Northern Jointvetch in Rice by An Endemic Fungal Disease (1973)

An endemic anthrocnose disease of northern jointvetch [ Aeschynomene virginica (L.) B.S.P.] incited by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. f. sp. aeschynomene was discovered in 1969 at Stuttgart, Arkansas. When grown on solid or in liquid media, the organism grew rapidly and sporulated abundantly. From 1970 through 1972 water sprays of the fungus spores at 2 to 15 million spores per milliliter in 94 to 374 L/ha controlled northern jointvetch grown in the growth chamber, greenhouse, and field. The fungus controlled plants ranging from 5 to 66 cm tall. The disease developed on northern jointvetch most rapidly at temperatures of 23 to 32 C and at relative humidities above 80%. An incubation period of 4 to 7 days and up to 5 weeks was usually required to kill the weeds. The fungus was specific for Aeschynomene species since it was very virulent on A. virginica and only slightly virulent on Indian jointvetch ( A. indica L.). It did not affect rice ( Oryza sativa L.), soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.), or 12 other common field, forage, and vegetable crops or 15 common weeds.
Recent progress in pulse reversal plating of copper for electronics applications (2007)

AbstractAbstractBased on demands for modern printed circuit board (pcb) manufacturing, the copper electroplating process is discussed. Electroplating from an additive free solution using low frequency pulse reversal plating with superimposed cathodic pulsation is suggested, which meets the demands for precise dimensions, high ductility and conductivity, low costs and environmental friendliness.Keywords: COPPERPACKAGINGELECTROPLATINGPRINTED CIRCURT BOARDMICROELECTRONICS
Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans (2020)

Many unknowns exist about human immune responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells have been reported in unexposed individuals, suggesting preexisting cross-reactive T cell memory in 20 to 50% of people. However, the source of those T cells has been speculative. Using human blood samples derived before the SARS-CoV-2 virus was discovered in 2019, we mapped 142 T cell epitopes across the SARS-CoV-2 genome to facilitate precise interrogation of the SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell repertoire. We demonstrate a range of preexisting memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells that are cross-reactive with comparable affinity to SARS-CoV-2 and the common cold coronaviruses human coronavirus (HCoV)-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1. Thus, variegated T cell memory to coronaviruses that cause the common cold may underlie at least some of the extensive heterogeneity observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease.
Controlling Gene Expression In The Urothelium Using Transgenic Mice With Inducible Bladder Specific Cre-lox Recombination (2002)

The R26cre-ERT mouse can be used to induce multifocal somatic mutagenesis in the bladder urothelium in a promoter independent and time controlled manner. This model would enable us to study temporally controlled mutations of bladder cancer related tumor suppressor genes by crossbreeding with mice carrying floxed alleles for Rb, p53 and p16INK4a alone or in combination.
Flying through hypertext (1991)

Hypertext systems provide links between different pieces of information (text, figures, pictures, etc.) so that the reader can follow many different paths corresponding to lines of thoughts, levels of description, levels of details, and so on. One of the main problems in using hypertext systems is the navigation problem ~i90a].
A multi-configuration stereoscopic vision system for domestic mobile robot localization (1999)

A multi-configuration stereoscopic vision-system is described. We present the mechanical and electronic features of the stereoscopic head together with the hardware. We describe the methods of image processing implemented for overcoming the optical quality drawback of the low-cost CCD mini-cameras. Algorithms and results for the high-level image representation and 3D reconstruction are presented. The structural characteristics, the low-cost and the precision of the stereo system built, allow its utilisation in domestic mobile robotic applications.
A recommender system for the optimal combination of energy resources with cost-benefit analysis (2015)

Owing to the over-exploitation of fossil fuels, many governments have been promoting renewable energy to resolve the limitation of fossil energy and environmental problems. Nevertheless, most of the electricity data lack of systematic analysis to provide useful information. Furthermore, due to the development of cloud technology, these big data vary in type and time. Without appropriate big data analysis and user interface, data would provide error messages. Besides, few of the websites are built for enterprise to provide suggestion as a recommender. In summary, this study intends to develop a recommender system including cloud data base, analytical module and user interface. Based on continuous Markov chain, we analyze data according to the historical electricity data; through time series analysis and multi-objective programming models, a long-term investment of renewable energy decision supports and the best combination of renewable energy can be revealed. The research integrates these modules to construct an enterprise-oriented cloud system. To ensure the effectiveness of the platform, validation test will be performed. The result demonstrates that the recommender system can be used to assist the company in making the best investment of renewable energy and the best combination of energy consumption.
Estimating network edge probabilities by neighborhood smoothing (2015)

The estimation of probabilities of network edges from the observed adjacency matrix has important applications to predicting missing links and network denoising. It has usually been addressed by estimating the graphon, a function that determines the matrix of edge probabilities, but this is ill-defined without strong assumptions on the network structure. Here we propose a novel computationally efficient method, based on neighborhood smoothing to estimate the expectation of the adjacency matrix directly, without making the structural assumptions that graphon estimation requires. The neighborhood smoothing method requires little tuning, has a competitive mean-squared error rate, and outperforms many benchmark methods on link prediction in simulated and real networks.
Polymeric Networks Assembled by Adamantyl and β-Cyclodextrin Substituted Poly(acrylate)s: Host−Guest Interactions, and the Effects of Ionic Strength and Extent of Substitution (2009)

The construction of polymer networks through host−guest complexation between the β-cyclodextrin (βCD) substituents of 6A-(1-(2-aminoethyl)amino)-6A-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin 2, 3, and 6% randomly substituted poly(acrylate) (PAAβCDen) and the adamantyl (AD) substituents of 1-(2-aminoethyl)amidoadamantyl 2, 3, and 6% randomly substituted poly(acrylate) (PAAADen) is reported. A 2D 1H NOESY NMR spectroscopic study shows the formation of host−guest complexes by the βCD and AD substituents. This is characterized by a complexation constant, K1 = 3020 ± 60 mol−1 dm3, for 3% substituted PAAβCDen and PAAADen as shown by isothermal titration calorimetry. The viscosity of a 2 wt % equimolar mixture of 3% randomly substituted PAAβCDen and PAAADen reaches a maximum at [NaCl] = 0.1 mol dm−3, and the viscosity and the storage and loss moduli (G′ and G′′) increase with the increase in degree of substitution from 2 to 6%.
Wind measurements with 355-nm molecular Doppler lidar (2000)

A Doppler lidar system based on the molecular double-edge technique is described. The system is mounted in a modified van to permit deployment in field operations. The lidar operates with a tripled Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm, a 45-cm-aperture telescope, and a matching azimuth-over-elevation scanner to permit full sky access. Validated atmospheric wind profiles were measured from 1.8 to 35 km with a 178-m vertical resolution. The range-dependent rms deviation of the horizontal wind speed is 0.4-6 m/s. The measured wind speed and direction are in good agreement with the rawinsonde wind measurements made simultaneously from the same location.
Circuits for on-chip sub-nanosecond signal capture and characterization (2002)

Two circuits for performing on-chip subnanosecond signal measurements are presented. The first is an on-chip digitizer capable of capturing high-bandwidth arbitrary periodic signals, The second is a specialized jitter measurement structure based on a Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC). Both circuits were successfully implemented in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The digitizer is capable of capturing signals at an effective sampling rate of 1.6 GWz, while the jitter measurement device can measure jitter with an 18 ps resolution.
Monolithic flip-chip compatible twin-IQ Mach-Zehnder modulators for hybrid assembly onto high capacity optical transmitter boards (2011)

This paper reports on the first development, fabrication, and characterization of monolithic InP-based twin-IQ Mach-Zehnder modulator chips as basic building blocks for future high capacity and large scale planar optical Silica-on-Si transmitter boards. The monolithic devices are designed for hybrid assembly by utilizing passive chip alignment techniques in combination with flip-chip bonding technology. Electrical GSG and GS transmission lines have been integrated and connected on InP-based modulator chips for the first time. Very compact and low loss twin-IQ modulators have been demonstrated. Small signal response measurements taken on chip level reveal an overall data chip capacity of 100 Gb/s.
Assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis using a novel folate targeted radiopharmaceutical Folatescan. (2009)

FolateScan is a potentially useful tool for detection of disease activity in patients with RA and may be more sensitive than the physical examination.
로널드 코즈의 “사회적 비용의 문제” 다시 읽기 (2013)

1960년 간행된 로널드 코즈의 “사회적 비용의 문제”(The Problem of Social Cost)는 재산권과 효율성 간의 관계에 대해 흔히 ‘코즈 정리’(Coase Theorm)로 불리는 통찰을 제시함으로써 현대 법경제학의 기초를 마련하였다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고, 많은 위대한 사상들에서 흔히 그러하듯이 코즈의 1960년 논문은 충분히 이해되지...
Synthesis of Angiotensins by the Solid-Phase Method<sup>*</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Angiotensins by the Solid-Phase Method*Garland R. Marshall and R. B. MerrifieldCite this: Biochemistry 1965, 4, 11, 2394–2401Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00887a020https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00887a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views312Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating biometric sensors into automotive Internet of Things (2014)

A rapidly ageing population, the prominence of obesity and associated medical conditions, widespread incidents of drunken driving, advent of telematics, advances in medical devices and emergence of 4G mobile networks necessitates and enables the convergence of biometrics into automobiles that can facilitate rapid and relevant responses to save precious lives. In this paper, the authors describe how such a convergence can be achieved by proposing an automotive healthcare and safety framework controlled by a dedicated healthcare systems control unit and its integration into an automotive Internet of Things containing telematics and other systems. The paper further explores the fulfillment of emergency response using cloud computing and vehicle to anything technologies as well as the potential impact such a framework can have on safety of our cities.
Analgesic Effect of Masturbation (1961)

Two previous articles by the author have demonstrated that a large proportion of psychotic patients offer no complaint when beset by physical ailments. While this may be only too obviously so in regard to numerous minor disorders, it nevertheless also holds true for major illnesses, including those in which the onset is usually both dramatically sudden and painful.<sup>1,2</sup>In psychotic patients<i>chronic</i>physical disorders and those with insidious onset are most frequently detected by routine yearly physical and laboratory examinations or by the discovery of weight loss.<i>Acute</i>medical and surgical disorders on the other hand are most frequently discovered by signs of altered physiological function which present clinically as weak-spell, staggering gait, syncope, dyspnea, vomiting, cyanosis, and jaundice; or by changes in behavior and in physical activity. Such changes may be the refusal to speak, eat, or walk, a request to stop taking part
Neural Plasticity After Acquired Brain Injury: Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging (2010)

The reorganization of the adult central nervous system after damage is a relatively new area of investigation. Neuroimaging methods, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and positron emission tomography, have the ability to identify, in vivo, some of the processes involved in these neuroplastic changes and can help with diagnosis, prognosis, and potentially treatment approaches. In this article, traumatic brain injury and stroke are used as examples in which neural plasticity plays an important role in recovery. Basic concepts related to brain remodeling, including spontaneous reorganization and training-induced recovery, as well as characteristics of reorganization in successful recovery, are reviewed. The microscopic and molecular mechanisms that underlie neural plasticity and neurogenesis are briefly described. Finally, exciting future directions for the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of severe brain injury are explored, with an emphasis on how neuroimaging can help to inform these new approaches.
Hierarchical Orchestration of Disaggregated Memory (2020)

This article presents XMemPod, a hierarchical disaggregated memory orchestration system. XMemPod virtualizes cluster wide memory to scale large memory workloads in virtualized clouds. It makes three novel contributions: (1) XMemPod offers efficient, transparent, and dynamic sharing of available memory that is disaggregated across VMs on the same host or in the cluster. (2) XMemPod provides a hierarchical memory expansion framework, which enables memory-intensive workloads on a VM to expand its memory demand over virtualized host memory first, and remote memory next, before resorting to external disk. (3) XMemPod provides a suite of optimization techniques to further improve the utilization and access latency of disaggregated memory. XMemPod is deployed on a virtualized RDMA cluster without any modifications to user applications and the OSes. Evaluated with multiple workloads on unmodified Spark, Apache Hadoop, Memcached, Redis and VoltDB, using XMemPod, throughputs of these applications improve by 11× to 612× over conventional Linux, and by 1.7× to 14× over the existing representative remote memory paging systems, and yet the total amount of network traffic consumed by XMemPod is only 24 percent of the existing approaches.
Minimizing Euclidian State Estimation Error for Linear Uncertain Dynamic Systems Based on Multisensor and Multi-Algorithm Fusion (2011)

In this paper, a multisensor linear dynamic system with model uncertainty and bounded noises is considered. Based on previously developed set-valued estimation methods in terms of convex optimization, we propose several efficient algorithms of centralized sensor fusion, distributed sensor fusion, and multi-algorithm fusion to minimize the Euclidian estimation error of the state vector. Obviously, an ellipsoid/box with a larger “size” cannot be in general guaranteed to contain another ellipsoid/box with a smaller “size” since centers and shapes of the two ellipsoids/boxes may be different from each other. This fact and the complementary advantages of multiple sensors and multiple algorithms motivate us to construct multiple estimation ellipsoids/boxes squashed along each entry of the state vector as much as possible respectively by using the technique of multiple differently weighted objectives. Then intersection fusion of these estimation ellipsoids/boxes yields a final Euclidian-error-minimized state estimate. Numerical examples show that the new method with multi-algorithm at both the sensors and the fusion center can significantly reduce the Euclidian estimation error of the state.
Subdural Monitoring in the Evaluation of Children for Epilepsy Surgery (1994)

Noninvasive assessment of children with chronic epilepsy is often imprecise and localization of seizure foci requires intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring. Subdural electrodes provide coverage of large areas of neocortex and are ideally suited for evaluating children with intractable epilepsy and to functionally map critical cortex. This report discusses the role of subdural electroencephalography in the evaluation of childhood epilepsy.
Combustion Noise in Modern Aero-Engines (2014)

Combustion noise has recently been the subject of attention of both the aeroacoustic and the combustion research communities. Over the last decades, engine manufacturers have made important efforts to significantly reduce fan and jet noise, which increased the relative importance of combustion noise. Two main mechanisms of combustion-noise generation have been identified: direct combustion noise, generated by acoustic waves propagating to the outlet, and indirect combustion noise, caused by the acceleration of entropy waves (or hot spots) and vorticity waves through turbine blades. The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the predicting tools used in combustion noise, as well as to present an overview on some recent experimental studies.
Japanese Parser on the basis of the Lexical-Functional Grammar Formalism and its Evaluation (2003)

text
Effects of gestation and birth weight on the growth and development of very low birthweight small for gestational age infants: a matched group comparison (2000)

Being underweight and with a short gestation (SGA and VLBW) leads to poor weight gain and head growth in infancy but does not result in poorer growth than in infants of the same birth weight but shorter gestation (AGA-BW) in the long term. SGA is related to early developmental delay and later language problems; however, neonatal complications may have a larger detrimental effect on long term cognitive development of VLBW infants than whether they are born SGA or AGA.
Dynamic modeling of modular multilevel DC/DC converters for HVDC systems (2014)

This paper presents the first dynamic model of the DC-MMC, a new class of modular multilevel single-stage dc/dc converters aptly suited for HVDC systems. A state-space model for a single string of the DC-MMC is developed and validated by comparing with time-domain simulation results from a comprehensive switched converter model. The developed averaged model is utilized to investigate submodule capacitor voltage balancing characteristics of the DC-MMC. In particular it is demonstrated that, unlike the dc/ac modular multilevel converter, direct ac modulation of the DC-MMC is not sufficient to keep capacitor voltages balanced. The developed model is also used to propose and validate a supplemental controller that suppresses unwanted second and third harmonic circulating ac currents within the DC-MMC.
Anti-T cell monoclonal antibodies in vivo. I. Inhibition of delayed hypersensitivity but not cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity reactions. (1987)

As part of a study of the therapeutic potential of anti-T cell monoclonal antibodies, we studied the biologic effects of 8BE6, a mouse anti-guinea pig (GP) pan-T cell monoclonal antibody, on blood and tissue T cells and on the prototypic T cell-mediated reactions, classic delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH). 8BE6 reacts to a 68,000 m.w. protein probably homologous with human CD5 (T1) and murine Lyt-1. A single dose of 1.8 to 3.4 mg 8BE6 caused lymphopenia and greater than 90% depletion of 8BE6+ peripheral T cells 1 to 72 hr later, and a significant but lesser decrease of lymphocytes reacting with another pan-T cell monoclonal antibody (p less than 0.02 at 24 hr). Free serum 8BE6 was detected for up to 48 hr after administration. Immunoperoxidase stains of tissue revealed that lymphocytes in lymph nodes and spleen were coated with mouse immunoglobulin 1 hr after antibody treatment and displayed in situ capping. Subsequently, there was a loss of T cells in all tissues (spleen, lymph node, liver, and kidney) except the thymus, with normal 8BE6 antigen staining returning by 72 hr. Areas of induration of DH reactions to PPD were reduced in 8BE6-treated GP, compared with pretreatment reactions in the same GP or in control-treated GP (p less than 0.001 for both). The numbers of infiltrating T cells and fibronectin-receptor-positive macrophages were also reduced. In contrast, 8BE6 had no effect on CBH reactions, as judged by erythema and basophil counts in 1-micron sections, although fewer T cells were found in reaction sites. There were no differences in IgM, fibronectin, or Ia staining between 8BE6-treated GP and controls. In vivo administration of a single dose of anti-T cell monoclonal antibody results in a transient, highly specific depletion of T cell populations in peripheral blood and tissues except the thymus. This treatment inhibits DH but not CBH reactions by systemic and local depletion of T cells.
Quantification of line-edge roughness of photoresists. II. Scaling and fractal analysis and the best roughness descriptors (2003)

A search for the best and most complete description of line-edge roughness (LER) is presented. The root mean square (rms) value of the edge (sigma value) does not provide a complete characterization of LER since it cannot give information about its spatial complexity. In order to get this missing information, we analyze the detected line edges as found from scanning electron microscope (SEM) image analysis [see Paper I: G. P. Patsis et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 21, 1008 (2003)] using scaling and fractal concepts. It is shown that the majority of analyzed experimental edges exhibit a self-affine character and thus the suggested parameters for the description of their roughness should be: (1) the sigma value, (2) the correlation length ξ, and (3) the roughness exponent α. The dependencies of ξ and α on various image recording and analysis parameters (magnification, resolution, threshold value, etc.) are thoroughly examined as well as their implications on the calculation of sigma when it is carried out by averaging over the sigmas of a number of segments of the edge. In particular, ξ is shown to be connected to the minimum segment size for which the average sigma becomes independent of the segment size, whereas α seems to be related to the relative contribution of high frequency fluctuations to LER.