gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin E supplementation and stress affect tissue alpha-tocopherol content of beef heifers. (1996)

The effect of stress on tissue alpha-tocopherol was investigated in 16 crossbred heifers fed a corn/corn silage-based diet. For 28 d, eight heifers (379 +/- 10 kg BW) received a dietary supplement of 1,000 IU of dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, whereas the controls (375 +/- 10 kg BW) received no supplemental vitamin E. Tissue samples of plasma, red blood cells, liver, trapezius, and longissimus muscles and subcutaneous fat immediately dorsal to each muscle were taken on d 1 for determination of alpha-tocopherol concentration. On d 2 through 4 each heifer was restricted to 2.61 kg of grass hay and allowed water. On d 5, 6, and 7 no feed or water was given, 100 IU of ACTH and .0024 mg of epinephrine/kg BW were given every 8 h, and biopsies for alpha-tocopherol content were again taken on d 7. The stress reduced (P < .01) mean BW, increased (P < .01) serum cortisol, creatine kinase, and urea. After stress, supplemental vitamin E reduced (P < .13) the increase in creatine kinase relative to that in heifers not supplemented with vitamin E. Stress also increased (P < .04) serum Se in heifers fortified with the vitamin E. Alpha-tocopherol content of plasma, red blood cells, liver, and subcutaneous fat dorsal to the trapezius muscle was increased (P < .01) by supplemental vitamin E. The stress treatment reduced (P < .01) alpha-tocopherol content of plasma in those fed the vitamin E and increased it (P < .05) in the nonsupplemented vitamin E-deficient heifers. Stress also decreased red blood cell (P < .01) and liver (P < .05) alpha-tocopherol content in cattle supplemented with vitamin E. Tissue alpha-tocopherol concentrations were reduced by stress only when a diet adequate in vitamin E was fed. In addition, in most sampled tissues, stress did not affect alpha-tocopherol concentrations.
High yield manufacture of very low threshold, high reliability, 1.30-µm buried heterostructure laser diodes grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (1986)

We report the fabrication of very low threshold buried heterostructure lasers by a two-step MOCVD technique. We show very high yield of fabrication, very high uniformity of the initial characteristics, good reproducibility, and low degradation rate during the aging test.
Low-frequency Ultrasound Penetrates the Cranium and Enhances Thrombolysis In Vitro (1998)

We conclude that low-frequency ultrasound transmits well through human temporal bone and enhances thrombolysis in vitro. Clinically, this method may be promising for reducing dosages of thrombolytic agents and shortening the period of clot removal.
Probe into Application of Traveling Wave Technology to Relay Protection of Power System (2009)

This paper introduces the concept theory of fault traveling wave,analyzes basic principle of traveling wave location line selection,compares the advantages disadvantages of fault location line selection using traditional power frequency electrical variables and the traveling wave technology.In the light of the deficiency of traditional fault location method based on impedance and single terminal traveling wave fault location,this paper analyzes the principle of combination method which combines the impedance method with the single terminal location to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the fault location.Finally.the paper expounds the principle of the traveling wave line selection and its application in single phase grounding line selection for distribution network by the example.
Epigenome and chromatin structure in human embryonic stem cells undergoing differentiation (2008)

Epigenetic histone (H3) modification patterns and the nuclear radial arrangement of select genetic elements were compared in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) before and after differentiation. H3K9 acetylation, H3K9 trimethylation, and H3K79 monomethylation were reduced at the nuclear periphery of differentiated hESCs. Differentiation coincided with centromere redistribution, as evidenced by perinucleolar accumulation of the centromeric markers CENP-A and H3K9me3, central repositioning of centromeres 1, 5, 19, and rearrangement of other centromeres at the nuclear periphery. The radial positions of PML, RARalpha genes, and human chromosomes 10, 12, 15, 17, and 19 remained relatively stable as hESCs differentiated. However, the female inactive H3K27-trimethylated X chromosome occupied a more peripheral nuclear position in differentiated cells. Thus, pluripotent and differentiated hESCs have distinct nuclear patterns of heterochromatic structures (centromeres and inactive X chromosome) and epigenetic marks (H3K9me3, and H3K27me3), while relatively conserved gene density-related radial chromatin distributions are already largely established in undifferentiated hES cells.
Comparison K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in Real Time Entrants Recognition (2018)

Face recognition is an identification system that uses face characteristics of each person to identify and differentiate a person from others. In utilizing the development of technology, face recognition has attracted much attention in the world of technology. It is used for many purposes, but most often for security and law enforcement purposes. For example, face recognition is used to prevent people from getting fake identification cards. Face recognition also can be used for entrants who will enter a particular place such as security post to help security in doing their job. However, security has limited ability to make sure that entrants are not a threat to others. In our working, face recognition is used in security post to prevent stranger people with no particular purpose come in. In this paper, we compare face recognition approach using the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm. K-NN and ANN serve to classify each different person in a database. The result presents K-NN has 44.101% of accuracy and ANN has 38.177% of accuracy.
Integrative modelling of <scp>pH</scp> ‐dependent enzyme activity and transcriptomic regulation of the acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation of <i> <scp>C</scp> lostridium acetobutylicum </i> in continuous culture (2013)

In a continuous culture under phosphate limitation the metabolism of Clostridium acetobutylicum depends on the external pH level. By comparing seven steady-state conditions between pH 5.7 and pH 4.5 we show that the switch from acidogenesis to solventogenesis occurs between pH 5.3 and pH 5.0 with an intermediate state at pH 5.1. Here, an integrative study is presented investigating how a changing external pH level affects the clostridial acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation pathway. This is of particular interest as the biotechnological production of n-butanol as biofuel has recently returned into the focus of industrial applications. One prerequisite is the furthering of the knowledge of the factors determining the solvent production and their integrative regulations. We have mathematically analysed the influence of pH-dependent specific enzyme activities of branch points of the metabolism on the product formation. This kinetic regulation was compared with transcriptomic regulation regarding gene transcription and the proteomic profile. Furthermore, both regulatory mechanisms were combined yielding a detailed projection of their individual and joint effects on the product formation. The resulting model represents an important platform for future developments of industrial butanol production based on C. acetobutylicum.
Design and Implementation of LIGA-Fabricated, Sef-Priming In-Line Gear Pumps (1996)

This paper presents the first self-priming, positive displacement micromachined pump. The in-line gear pump is a magnetically-actuated, two-gear plastic pump which is fabricated by the SLIGA process. The components of the pump are assembled and inserted in a tube, with the magnetic driving mechanism outside the tube. This method of magnetic actuation eliminates the seal issues. The preliminary test results show that the pump flow rate can be at least 70 Vmin. The pump pulls a vacuum at the inlet of at least 45 mm of water and is self-priming.
Design and modeling of on-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structures (2004)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a critical reliability concern for microchips. This paper presents a computer-aided design tool for ESD protection design and applications. Specifically, we develop an improved and robust MOS model and implement such a model into the industry standard Cadence SPICE for ESD circuit simulation. Experimental data measured from the transmission line pulsing (TLP) technique and human body model (HBM) tester are included in support of the model.
Second interim analysis (IA2) results from a phase II trial of TAK-385, an oral GnRH antagonist, in prostate cancer patients (pts). (2016)

200 Background: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists achieve rapid decrease in testosterone (T) without transient T surge seen with GnRH agonists and thus may avoid clinical flare symptomatology. TAK-385 is an investigational, oral, non-peptide GnRH antagonist highly selective for the human GnRH receptor (IC 50 0.12 nM). We report IA2 results from a phase 2, randomized, open label, parallel group study of TAK-385 in pts with advanced prostate cancer (NCT02083185). Methods: Pts aged ≥ 18 yrs with histologically confirmed prostate cancer, baseline T > 150 ng/dL and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 2 ng/mL, who were candidates for first-line androgen deprivation therapy, were randomized to receive oral TAK-385, 80 or 120 mg, once daily (QD) or leuprorelin (LEU) 22.5 mg subcutaneously every 12 wks, for 48 wks. The primary endpoint was effective castration rate of TAK-385 (T < 50 ng/dL) from wk 5–24. Secondary endpoints included: safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and PSA. Results: At data cut-off, 75 pts had received TAK-385 (39 at 80 mg, 36 at 120 mg QD); 20 pts received LEU. Median age was 73 yrs with TAK-385 and 68.5 yrs with LEU; median treatment duration was 35.1 wks and 37.8 wks. After 3 days/4 wks/24 wks of treatment, median T was 36.9/10.6/8.9 ng/dL with TAK385 vs 648.1/13.0/11.5 ng/dL with LEU. T < 50 ng/dL was sustained over 5–24 wks in 92% vs 95% of pts (TAK-385 vs LEU). After 24 wks, PSA was reduced by 97.3% to a median of 0.1 ng/mL with TAK-385 vs 92.4% to 0.2 ng/mL with LEU. All-grade adverse events occurred in 91% vs 95% of pts (TAK-385 vs LEU); the most common were hot flush (59/60%), fatigue (21/15%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (9/10%), nasopharyngitis (8/5%), and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (5/10%). Initial analysis of pooled phase 1/2 data showed similar PK in the phase 2 pts and in previously studied healthy men, with dose-proportional plasma trough levels over > 6 mos. Conclusions: At IA2, the efficacy of TAK-385 was consistent with the GnRH antagonist mechanism of action and the safety profile was good. TAK-385 rapidly reduced T and sustained castration ( < 50 ng/dL) over 24 wks. Further investigation of TAK-385, as an option to injectable GnRH therapies, is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT02083185.
Three dimensional D* algorithm for incremental path planning in uncooperative environment (2016)

Path planning algorithms play a significant role in autonomous navigation problems. There are several algorithms to compute the optimal path through a co-operative environment. However, for uncooperative environment, finding the global minima is not certain. There are effective algorithms like dynamic A* (D*), for finding an efficient path in uncooperative two dimensional spaces using the concept of local minima. For three dimensional spaces the problem becomes more complex as the traverse cost is dynamic for Z axis. We propose an algorithm for incremental path finding throughout the flight regime, as a concept modification of D*, to work on 3D environment.
Delay constraint dynamic bandwidth allocation in ethernet passive optical networks (2004)

Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is an emerging access network technology that provides a low-cost method of deploying next generation broadband access network. Dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA) provides statistical multiplexing between the optical network units for upstream channel utilization. To satisfy various QoS requirements, it is important to provide QoS guaranteed network access while utilizing the bandwidth efficiently. We propose a QoS-enabled dynamic bandwidth assignment algorithm for differentiated service in Ethernet passive optical networks. The new DBA algorithm is based on the weights of the different classes and the current queue information to perform better per class bandwidth allocation. The specific QoS requirements of various classes are mapped into deterministic effective bandwidth and then used to assign weights accordingly. We conduct detailed simulation experiments to study the performance and validate the effectiveness of the proposed protocols
A Wireless Sensor Readout System—Circuit Concept, Simulation, and Accuracy (2011)

In this paper, we present an electronic readout system for wireless passive sensors based on inductively coupled <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> resonant circuits. The proposed system consists of a reader coil inductively coupled to the sensor circuit, an analog frontend circuit, and a digital signal processing unit. The analog frontend circuit generates a dc voltage representing the sensor resonance curve. The frequency of the reader coil driving signal is continuously readjusted by the digital signal processing unit. Based on analytical calculation and system simulation, we derive a model for the achievable accuracy of the overall sensor and readout system. The accuracy is limited by noise and systematic errors due to the measurement principle. We show how to design the digital signal processing system for optimal insensitivity to voltage noise. The noise sensitivity of the measurement system is inversely proportional to the square of the quality factor of the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> sensor. This means that minimizing the losses of the sensor is of crucial importance to obtain a wireless measurement system with a high range and a good insensitivity to noise. Subsequently, we outline an approach to calculate the sensor resonance frequency, quality factor, and inductive coupling factor from the available voltage signals in the signal processing unit using linear fitting functions. The accuracy of our approach is exemplified by a system simulation for typical sensor parameters. For the system studied, we show that the relative linearization error of the sensor resonance frequency measurement is below 0.02%. Taking the general models presented for both the noise sensitivity and linearization error into account, it is possible to estimate the maximum distance and accuracy for any wireless sensor system based on an inductively coupled <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> resonator.
Cold preservation of the small intestine with the new Celsior-solution (1998)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of Celsior, a recently developed cardioplegic and heart storage solution, to protect the small bowel during ischemic storage. Small bowel segments were isolated from rats, flushed with either UW or Celsior solution, and cold-stored for 18 h at 4 degrees C in the respective solution. After ischemic storage, some preparations were freeze-clamped for analysis of tissue metabolites while other preparations were tested for structural and functional integrity by isolated perfusion in vitro using a previously validated model. After 18 h of ischemic storage no significant differences were seen between Celsior and UW with regard to the development of edema, energy charge, or creatine phosphate, but lactate accumulation was significantly reduced in the Celsior group, although glucose catabolism was not inhibited. Histological evaluation of the cold-stored organs showed no differences with regard to structural integrity between the two groups. Total vascular resistance upon reperfusion was significantly lower in the Celsior group (666 +/- 126 vs 827 +/- 88 MPa s m-3*), as was the intestinal release of LDH (9.7 +/- 4.4 vs 18.2 +/- 4.6 U/l*). Carbohydrate absorption from the intestinal lumen amounted to venous effluent concentrations of 0.58 +/- 0.24 vs 0.18 +/- 0.15 mg% * of galactose in the Celsior and UW groups, respectively. Within the limits of this in vitro pilot study, Celsior provided better postischemic recovery of the small bowel than UW in terms of vascular perfusion characteristics, enzyme release, and carbohydrate absorption and may, thus, be considered a suitable alternative for intestinal organ preservation.
Community- and Genome-Based Views of Plant-Associated Bacteria: Plant–Bacterial Interactions in Soybean and Rice (2010)

Diverse microorganisms are living as endophytes in plant tissues and as epiphytes on plant surfaces in nature. Questions about driving forces shaping the microbial community associated with plants remain unanswered. Because legumes developed systems to attain endosymbioses with rhizobia as well as mycorrhizae during their evolution, the above questions can be addressed using legume mutants relevant to genes for symbiosis. Analytical methods for the microbial community have recently been advanced by enrichment procedures of plant-associated microbes and culture-independent analyses targeting the small subunit of rRNA in microbial ecology. In this review, we first deal with interdisciplinary works on the global diversity of bacteria associated with field-grown soybeans with different nodulation genotypes and nitrogen application. A subpopulation of Proteobacteria in aerial parts of soybean shoots was likely to be regulated through both the autoregulation system for plant-rhizobium symbiosis and the nitrogen signaling pathway, suggesting that legumes accommodate a taxonomically characteristic microbial community through unknown plant-microbe communications. In addition to the community views, we then show multiphasic analysis of a beneficial rice endophyte for comparative bacterial genomics and plant responses. The significance and perspectives of community- and genome-based approaches are discussed to achieve a better understanding of plant-microbe interactions.
A Random Tail Pulse Generator (1973)

A random pulse generator has been designed that utilizes a charge control concept to provide controlled voltage transitions at average rates from 10 Hz to 1 MHz. These voltage transitions may be coupled to a charge sensitive amplifier system via the standard calibration capacitor to induce impulses of charge, thereby closely approximating the signal from a detector. Between pulses, the voltage decays in an exponential fashion not unlike any tail pulse generator. However, the voltage transition (or step) is independent of the decay, thus recurring steps will ride up the tail of the decay, eliminating the step amplitude dependance upon decay time (𝑡 𝒹) found in other tail pulse generators. This last fact permits repetition rates far in excess of the 1/8 𝑡 𝒹 limitation commonly incurred. To complement this pulse shaping ability, the clock circuit provides both periodic triggers and random triggers. The random time distribution has been measured at several rates and verified to be Poisson. Pulse shaping controls and a polarity switch provide versatility and an output buffer amplifier allows cable termination without affecting the pulse shape. The amplitude has been measured over the frequency range of 10 Hz to 100 kHz and was found to vary less than ±0.05%. The random pulse generator is packaged in a double width NIM and utilizes± 12 volts and ± 24 volts for the power source.
Iron intake, oxidative stress-related genes ( MnSOD and MPO ) and prostate cancer risk in CARET cohort (2008)

Iron overload may increase prostate cancer risk through stimulation of oxidative stress, and endogenous pro- and antioxidant capabilities, i.e. manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), may modify these associations. We investigated this hypothesis in the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial cohort in a nested case-control study. Although there was no association between iron intake and risk overall, there was a suggestion of increased risk of clinically aggressive prostate cancer with higher iron intake [odds ratio (OR) = 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.9-2.0]. Associations were most notable for men with aggressive prostate cancer who were below the median consumption of total fruits and vegetables (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-3.2). Associations between MPO -463 G to A genotype (rs2333227) and prostate cancer risk were only noted among men with aggressive cancer, with more than a 2-fold risk reduction among men with AA genotypes (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2-1.0); MnSOD was not associated with risk overall, but the MnSOD T to C (Val-9Ala, rs4880) polymorphism modified associations between risk of clinically aggressive prostate cancer and dietary iron intake (P for interaction = 0.02). Among aggressive cancer cases with the TT genotype, higher iron intake level was associated with >2-fold increase in risk (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.0-4.9), whereas there was no association among men with CC genotypes (OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.4-2.3). Although interactions were not significant, there were similar patterns for MPO genotype, iron intake and risk. These findings suggest that higher iron intake may be associated with risk of clinically aggressive prostate cancer, and that endogenous antioxidant capabilities may modify these associations.
Low thermal impedance MMIC technology (1997)

A technology has been developed that reduces the thermal resistance of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). Novel processing techniques are used to fabricate thin-film capacitors and microstrip lines on the back side of the chip. The front side of the chip is metallized to serve as the ground-plane; the completed chip is assembled inverted so that the active devices are next to the heat sink, but the chip otherwise is a drop-in replacement for conventional MMICs. With very conservative deembedding of circuit losses, an AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) fabricated in this technology achieved record performance at 20 GHz: over 1.2 W output power with 53% power-added efficiency while operating at 12.7 V.
Minimally invasive application of botulinum toxin A in patients with idiopathic rhinitis (2009)

In some patients with therapy-resistant idiopathic rhinitis BTA applied with a sponge is a long-lasting and minimal invasive therapy to reduce nasal hypersecretion.
The Loss of Alachlor from Soil (1971)

Gas chromatographic analysis of benzene extracts was used to study the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the degradation and volatilization of 2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl- N -(methoxymethyl)acetanilide (alachlor) in the soil. The relative humidity of a closed system had little effect on alachlor retention in air dry Sawyer fine sandy loam at 22 C, but had a pronounced effect when soil temperature was 38 C or higher. At 0% relative humidity (38 C or 46 C) alachlor was degraded to 2-chloro-2′,6′-diethylacetanilide. Decomposition, which also occurred in 5 N aqueous HCl, was attributed to acidic soil water film surfaces. As relative humidity within the system increased, the rate of degradation decreased, apparently because condensation of water vapor increased the thickness of the soil water film and decreased the surface acidity. At 38 C, minimum loss was noted at 31% relative humidity, and at 46 C, minimum loss was found at 79% relative humidity. The increased loss of alachlor at relative humidities above these critical points was attributed to volatility and not to chemical degradation.