gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Acetylcholinesterase Reactivation in Male Guinea Pigs and Rhesus Macaques Following Cyclosarin Exposure and Treatment With 1,1′-Methylenebis{4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl] pyridinium} Dimethanesulfonate (2013)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivation studies were conducted in guinea pigs (GPs) and nonhuman primates (NHPs) to determine the 1,1'-methylenebis{4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl] pyridinium} dimethanesulfonate (MMB4 DMS) dose that reactivated at least 20% of blood AChE within 15 minutes following cyclosarin (GF) dosing (used as the criterion for efficacy). Male GPs and male rhesus macaques (NHPs) were pretreated with atropine 15 minutes prior to GF administration (1 × median lethal dose [LD50]) and MMB4 DMS 15 minutes following GF administration. The GP survival was 5 of 8, 8 of 8, 8 of 8, and 6 of 8 for the 0.75, 3.0, 6.0, or 12.0 mg/kg MMB4 DMS treatment groups, respectively. In NHPs, survival was 6 of 6 at 0.5, 1.2, 3.0, or 9.3 mg/kg MMB4 DMS, respectively, 24 hours post-challenge, with the majority of animals noted as clinically normal by 24 hours. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling revealed that 1.8 mg/kg in GPs or 0.013 mg/kg in NHPs would result in an average 20% reactivation; human equivalent doses were calculated as 0.39 mg/kg (based on GP data) and 0.004 mg/kg (based on NHP data). The model suggested that MMB4 plasma concentrations of 1000 ng/mL and AChE reactivation of 80% would be most effective. Although a 0.5 mg/kg MMB4 DMS dose in NHPs resulted in 100% survival and an average of 78% AChE reactivation, adverse effects associated with GF administration were still observed 24 hours post-challenge (tremors, mydriasis, and weakness were observed in 3 of 6 animals). In comparison, 6 of 6 animals treated with 1.2 mg/kg MMB4 DMS were observed as clinically normal 24 hours post-challenge.
Mechanical Behavior of Co-Continuous Polymer Composites (2011)

Natural and synthetic composite materials consisting of two or more different materials are a major avenue for achieving materials with enhanced properties and combination of properties. The combination of hard and soft materials enables outstanding combination of mechanical performance properties including stiffness, strength, impact resistance, toughness, and energy dissipation. In this work, we demonstrate the potential to achieve materials with enhancements in stiffness, strength and energy dissipation. We consider co-continuous structures with simple cubic (SC), body-centeredcubic (BCC), and face-centered cubic (FCC) lattices, which are generated by 3D printing technology. The linear and nonlinear mechanical behavior of these composites including their elastic stiffness, yield, post-yield, and dissipative behaviors are investigated by compression tests. The experimental results are compared with finite element based micromechanical modeling of large elasticviscoplastic deformation. We show that these 3D periodic cocontinuous composites can provide enhanced improvement in combinations of mechanical performance achieving a unique combination of stiffness, strength and energy absorption. These results provide guidelines for engineering and tailoring the nonlinear mechanical behavior and energy absorption of the composites for a wide range of applications.
Bypassing Joins in Disjunctive Queries (1995)

In this paper we develop a novel optimization strategy for disjunctive queries involving join predicates. This work is an extension of our previously published approach [KMPS94] for optimizing disjunctive selection predicates by generating two output streams from selection operators: a &quot;true&quot;-stream for objects (tuples) satisfying the selection predicate and a &quot;false&quot;-stream for those objects not satisfying the predicate. Then, each stream undergoes an individual, &quot;customized&quot; optimization. Here, we extend the basic idea of [KMPS94] to disjunctive queries with join operators. Analogously to selections, we propose to generate two output streams from a join operator: one &quot;true&quot;-stream for pairs of objects (of the two input streams) that satisfy the join predicate and one &quot;false&quot;- stream for those pairs not satisfying it. In combination with the extended selection predicate processing, this provides a large potential for efficiently evaluating disjunctive queries because it allows to &quot;byp...
Acoustic Systems for Global Observatory Studies (2006)

The potential role of acoustics in a conceptual network of observatories designed to study processes occurring at the global scale is outlined. Power and data transmission aspects of observatories may transform the use of acoustical data in many oceanographic disciplines. Three acoustic measurement techniques suitable for ocean observatories are discussed: long-range positioning, tomography/thermometry, and passive listening. The data returned from these three applications, which can share much infrastructure, can be used for climate, biological, geological, and biogeochemical studies. Acoustics can be used as an engineering tool, such as for platform navigation or for measuring heat content. In addition to that use, sound generation, propagation, and scattering are important components of the natural undersea world, with many biological and geophysical phenomena contributing to the sonic environment in exploitable ways
Blast Cell-surface and Plasma Soluble Urokinase Receptor in Acute Leukemia Patients: Relationship to Classification and Response to Therapy (1999)

Plasminogen activation in leukemia has been less well characterized than in other malignancies. However, the increased tendency to bleeding and tissue infiltration by leukemic cells are processes in which plasminogen activation may be involved. We have examined plasma and the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction from 80 patients including 53 patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia and 27 patients with other hematological disorders as well as 21 healthy controls. In 28 of 29 examined patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and in two of three patients with hybrid leukemia we found urokinase receptor (uPAR) on the cell surface, while most (7/9) samples from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were negative for uPAR. The plasma mean value for soluble uPAR (suPAR) was significantly elevated in patients with AML and ALL. In AML the highest values were found in patients who had residual disease after several cycles of chemotherapy. Compared to controls the uPA antigen levels in patient plasmas were elevated and decreased along with uPAR during treatment. Our results suggest that cell surface uPAR may be a useful marker for leukemia classification and in our material a high level of plasma suPAR correlated with resistance to chemotherapy in AML.
On the effects of pelentan on human erythrocyte membrane proteins and lipids (1987)

The relationship between natural naphthoquinones and oxycoumarin derivatives still attracts the attention of researchers and is intensively studied, although much remains unclear so far in the intimate mechanisms of this antagonistic influence. It is known that oxycoumarins affect not only the processes of hemocoagulation, but also the composition and relationship of membrane phospholipids, changing the adhesive (cohesive) properties of cells. In this regard, the possibility of their effective use for the prevention of early metastasis of malignized (atypical) cells has been shown.
Giant magnetoresistance in nonmultilayer magnetic systems (1992)

We have observed isotropic giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in nonmultilayer magnetic systems using granular magnetic solids. We show that GMR occurs in magnetically inhomogeneous media containing nonaligned ferromagnetic entities on a microscopic scale. The GMR is determined by the orientations of the magnetization axes, the density, and the size of the ferromagnetic entities.
Deepoxidation of 16-membered epoxyenone macrolide antibiotics. I. Microbial deepoxidation and subsequent isomerization of deltamycins A1, A2, A3, A4 (carbomycin A) and X. (1984)

Carbomycin A (deltamycin A4) was deepoxidized to carbomycin A P1 by Streptomyces halstedii subsp. deltae (a deltamycins producer), favorably under anaerobic conditions. Carbomycin A P1 was spontaneously converted to geometric isomers designated carbomycins A P2 and A P3. This type of deepoxidation and subsequent isomerization was not limited to carbomycin A, but generally occurrable in other 16-membered epoxyenone macrolide compounds. Many bacteria and actinomycetes were also found to have an ability to deepoxidize deltamycins reductively. The chemical structures of carbomycins A P1, A P2 and A P3 were elucidated as shown in Fig. 3.
The Real-Time Eye Detection for Single User Based on Template Matching (2014)

A novel eye detection method based on template matching is proposed for glasses-free 3D device. Before matching, get the average eye template through a great quantity of eye images, splice several average templates into a chessboard template. Then locate the position of eyes by calculating the correlation coefficient between template and the candidate image. It has been testified that these algorithm simplify the calculation, ensure the accuracy and improve the efficiency. Moreover, these method provide an idea that implementing the algorithm through hardware circuit.
Identification of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulatory phosphorylation site in non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors. (1995)

Glutamate receptor ion channels are colocalized in postsynaptic densities with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-kinase II), which can phosphorylate and strongly enhance non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor current. In this study, CaM-kinase II enhanced kainate currents of expressed glutamate receptor 6 in 293 cells and of wild-type glutamate receptor 1, but not the Ser-627 to Ala mutant, in Xenopus oocytes. A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 620-638 in GluR1 was phosphorylated in vitro by CaM-kinase II but not by cAMP-dependent protein kinase or protein kinase C. The 32P-labeled peptide map of this synthetic peptide appears to be the same as the two-dimensional peptide map of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) glutamate receptors phosphorylated in cultured hippocampal neurons by CaM-kinase II described elsewhere. This CaM-kinase II regulatory phosphorylation site is conserved in all AMPA/kainate-type glutamate receptors, and its phosphorylation may be important in enhancing postsynaptic responsiveness as occurs during synaptic plasticity.
Triazines and related products. Part XI. Dimroth rearrangements of 3-substituted 3,4-dihydro-4-imino-1,2,3-benzotriazines in acetic acid (1974)

3-Substituted 3,4-dihydro-4-imino-1,2,3-benzotriazines (1) rearrange to the isomeric substituted 4-amino-1,2,3-benzotriazines (2) in acetic acid regardless of the nature of the 3-substituent. 3-Substituted 4-arylimino-3,4-dihydro-1,2,3-benzotriazines (4) are stable in acetic acid.
Android based smart home system with control via Bluetooth and internet connectivity (2014)

Automation plays an important role in today's human life and people's life is gradually changing with smart living due to modern technology development and Android Smartphone. This paper presents a low-cost Smart Living System, which uses Android based User Interface for control of home appliances. Connection to the smart living system can be made from the designed app via Bluetooth or internet connection. It also integrates home security and alert system.
Proposition of A Technique to Assess the Vasoactive Effects of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrying Solutions in Vivo: Preliminary Results in the Rabbit Aorta (1998)

Most of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) increase the blood pressure after injection in the blood stream by a mechanism involving one or more factors that contribute to the regulation of the vascular tone. Many techniques make it possible to study the vascular effects of HBOCs both in vivo and in vitro. The in vivo methods assess the blood pressure and some estimated regional blood flows (use of radioactive or colored microspheres). Measurements of the real vessel diameter and blood flow would be useful to understand hemoglobin-mediated vasoconstriction mechanism. Our purpose was to elaborate an experimental model in anesthetized rabbits to monitor the diameter and the blood flow velocity in the same vessel in order to calculate the absolute blood flow. The blood flow velocity (in cm/s) was assessed by pulsed Doppler velocimetry and the diameter (in mm) was assessed by a technique of Wall Tracking. The first results indicate that the method is well adapted to study the effects of resuscitative fluids (plasma and blood substitutes) on the aorta vascular tone after hemodilution or resuscitation from severe hemorrhage.
Anatomy of a Solid-state Drive (2012)

Over the past several years, a new type of storage device has entered laptops and data centers, fundamentally changing expectations regarding the power, size, and performance dynamics of storage. The SSD (solid-state drive) is a technology that has been around for more than 30 years but remained too expensive for broad adoption.
View-based Location and Tracking of Body Parts for Visual Interaction (2004)

This paper presents a real time approach to locate and track the upper torso of the human body. Our main interest is not in 3D biometric accuracy, but rather a sufficient discriminatory representation for visual interaction. The algorithm employs background suppression and a general approximation to body shape, applied within a particle filter framework, making use of integral images to maintain real-time performance. Furthermore, we present a novel method to disambiguate the hands of the subject and to predict the likely position of elbows. The final system is demonstrated segmenting multiple subjects from a cluttered scene at above real time operation.
Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women (2001)

In these women, diabetes was related to lower scores on several aspects of cognitive function. Longer duration of diabetes may be associated with poorer scores, but hypoglycemic therapy may ameliorate scores.
Application for Autonomous Decentralized Multi Layer Cache System to Web Application Firewall (2011)

Web service demand is heterogeneous and it is expanding day by day. Malicious web attacks particularly at application layer, are also increasing significantly. It is estimated eighty percent (80%) malicious attacks are web application layer attacks such as Cross Site Scripting and SQL injection. Such attacks have affected financial organizations, government institutes, hospitals and enterprise companies and so on. It is required to detect such attacks instantly to maintain the safe operations. Existing Web Application Firewalls (WAF) aim at protection of web application attacks using Black and White list based approach. Black list based WAFs operate at security operation center (SOC) to protect known attacks and it is easy to maintain same black list by other WAF nodes. However, white list independent signature from each Web service and it is generated by each web site policy. When the event of WAF fails, other WAF doesn't have same level of White list at that time. Black list is common type of signature and it can be keep the assurance by multiple WAF nodes or proxy node but White list is individual type of signature and can't maintain assurance by same policy of node. Therefore, to maintain high detection rate, dynamic adaptability of White list is required. It also requires online property and timeliness response. To solve these issues, an integrated Autonomous Decentralized Multi Layer Cache (ADMLC) system with Web Application Firewall is proposed. Evaluation shows that proposed architecture detection rate is much better than other traditional WAF based systems.
Hydrogel‐Encapsulated Microfabricated Haircells Mimicking Fish Cupula Neuromast (2007)

A hydrogel-capped hair-cell flow microsensor, which closely mimics a superficial neuromast of a fish, is introduced. By encapsulating the hair sensor into the artificial hydrogel cupula a dramatic increase in hair-sensor sensitivity to the oscillating and the steady flow is achieved. It opens the way toward the remote monitoring of the underwater environment by autonomous, unmanned microvehicles with self-navigating capability.
Managing and Visualizing Citation Network Using Graph Database and LDA Model (2017)

In this paper, a solution of storing and inferring on citation network using graph database and topic model is proposed. Citation network is a very large directed graph containing nodes and edges. Each node is a paper and each directed edge is a link between paper and its citing papers. In citation network analysis, each node usually contains basic properties of paper such as paper ID, publication year, paper title, authors. In this research, we propose one more property called "topic vector". This property contains topic distribution of a specific paper which is gained by LDA algorithm. After that, we propose a new approach to store and manage the citation network using graph database. Finally, we use the graph query language to develop some functions of citation network analysis and visualize topic propagation through the network. We also compare our approach with the traditional method in which the relational database is used to store and manage citation network. Experimental results show that the performance of our approach is higher than the traditional one and a different view of citation network analysis is also discussed.
Age-based garbage collection (1999)

Modern generational garbage collectors look for garbage among the young objects, because they have high mortality; however, these objects include the very youngest objects, which clearly are still live. We introduce new garbage collection algorithms, called age-based , some of which postpone consideration of the youngest objects. Collecting less than the whole heap requires write barrier mechanisms to track pointers into the collected region. We describe here a new, efficient write barrier implementation that works for age-based and traditional generational collectors. To compare several collectors, their configurations, and program behavior, we use an accurate simulator that models all heap objects and the pointers among them, but does not model cache or other memory effects. For object-oriented languages, our results demonstrate that an older-first collector, which collects older objects before the youngest ones, copies on average much less data than generational collectors. Our results also show that an older-first collector does track more pointers, but the combined cost of copying and pointer tracking still favors an older-first over a generational collector in many cases. More importantly, we reopen for consideration the question where in the heap and with which policies copying collectors will achieve their best performance.
The species-area relationship of the southern Appalachian high peaks: vascular plant richness and rare plant distributions. (1984)

Ten areas in the southern Appalachians surpass 5,500 ft (1,680 m), with maximum elevation ranging from 5,520 ft (1,682 m) to 6,684 ft (2,037 m). These high elevation areas might be viewed as a series of high elevation islands of northern community types. A total vascular flora of 342 species has been documented for these areas, with species richness on the separate areas positively correlated with size of the area, number of peaks, maximum elevation, and number of community types present. Rare species categories were more strongly correlated with area than was total species richness. A log/log plot of the species-area relations for the eight largest areas had a slope of .28 (similar to values reported for insular areas) when all ten areas were included the slope was .12 (similar to values reported for continental areas). The two smallest areas (Mt. Pisgah and Whitetop) had higher species richness than predicted from their size alone. An hypothesis is-developed that explains this pattern and the patchy distribution of rare plants among the ten areas.
Ammonia plasma passivation of GaAs in downstream microwave and radio-frequency parallel plate plasma reactors (1993)

The poor electronic properties of the GaAs surface and GaAs–insulator interfaces, generally resulting from large density of surface/interface states, have limited GaAs device technology. Room-temperature ammonia plasma (dry) passivation of GaAs surfaces, which reduces the surface state density, is investigated as an alternative to wet passivation techniques. Plasma passivation is more compatible with clustered-dry processing which provides better control of the processing environment, and thus, improves interface integrity. Passivation was monitored in real-time and in situ using photoluminescence (PL). In addition, the passivated surfaces are inspected using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Passivation with two different plasma excitation methods, downstream microwave (2.45 GHz) and rf (13.56 MHz) parallel plate, are compared, and effects of operating parameters such as pressure, flow rate, and power are examined. In both methods plasma-generated H atoms reduce the surface state density by removing excess As and As2O3 during the first few seconds of the plasma exposure. This step is followed by formation of Ga2O3 which takes place on a longer time scale (5–10 min). While the final passivation result appears to be similar for both methods, surface damage by ion bombardment competes with passivation in the parallel plate method, reduces the PL yield and adversely affects the long term stability of the passivated surface. Although it is common to heat the sample during passivation, we show that NH3 plasma passivation is possible at room temperature without heating. Low-temperature processing is important since passivation can be done at the end of device processing when it is undesirable to expose the device to elevated temperatures. The absence of ion bombardment damage combined with efficient generation of H atoms in the downstream microwave treatment, make this scheme a preferred dry passivation process, which could be easily and inexpensively clustered with existing GaAs processes.
Direct-coupling single-mode fiber ring resonator (1988)

A single-mode resonator is constructed by joining together the ends of the coupled fiber of a 2 × 2 directional single-mode optical fiber coupler. Analytical expressions are obtained for the resonance conditions. The effects of different kinds of losses are investigated. The variation of the phase at resonance and the problem of mismatch are discussed. A formula for the finesse of the resonator is also given. Unlike reentry fiber resonators, this kind of resonator needs a directional coupler with only a small coupling coefficient. It is possible to achieve a high finesse and symmetrical outputs. Applications of such a resonator are discussed.