gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of fibroblast growth by polyanions; effects of dextran sulfate and lignin derivatives (1992)

When macrophages prepared from rat bone marrow were cultured for more than one week, contaminating fibroblasts grew and formed large colonies which were observable with the naked eye after Giemsa staining. The addition of dextran sulfate or water-soluble lignin derivatives (acetyl or sulfonyl) to the culture medium almost completely inhibited the growth of fibroblasts at 10 micrograms/ml. These polyanions also inhibited the growth of chick embryo fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner: at 5 micrograms/ml the inhibitory effect was 20-30% of the control and at 100 micrograms/ml it was 50-70%. In addition, these polyanions inhibited the mitosis of hepatocytes, although their inhibitory effects on the growth of hepatocytes were smaller than those observed on the growth of fibroblasts. On the other hand, these polyanions did not affect the growth of human urinary bladder carcinoma cells (HUB-4 and HUB-15). In conclusion, dextran sulfate and lignin derivatives may be useful in eliminating fibroblasts from certain cells.
Synthesis and Functionalization of Indoles Through Palladium-catalyzed Reactions (2005)

The substituted indole nucleus [indole is the acronym from indigo (the natural dye) and oleum (used for the isolation)] is a structural component of a vast number of biologically active natural and unnatural compounds. The synthesis and functionalization of indoles has been the object of research for over 100 years, and a variety of well-established classical methods are now available. In the last 40 years or so, however, palladium catalyzed reactions, generally tolerant of a wide range of functionalities and therefore applicable to complex molecules, have achieved an important place in the arsenal of the practicing organic chemist. The impact of palladium chemistry of indoles in academic and medicinal chemistry communities has been extraordinary, as outlined by the number of studies developed in this area. Our aim is to try to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of recent developments in the palladium-catalyzed approaches to the preparation of indole derivatives with the emphasis on the rationale behind each synthetic procedure and the dependence of the results on a proper selection of reaction conditions.
p55, the <i>Drosophila</i> Ortholog of RbAp46/RbAp48, Is Required for the Repression of dE2F2/RBF-Regulated Genes (2004)

Many proteins have been proposed to be involved in retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-mediated repression, but it is largely uncertain which cofactors are essential for pRB to repress endogenous E2F-regulated promoters. Here we have taken advantage of the stream-lined Drosophila dE2F/RBF pathway, which has only two E2Fs (dE2F1 and dE2F2), and two pRB family members (RBF1 and RBF2). With RNA interference (RNAi), we depleted potential corepressors and looked for the elevated expression of groups of E2F target genes that are known to be directly regulated by RBF1 and RBF2. Previous studies have implicated histone deacetylase (HDAC) and SWI/SNF chromatin-modifying complexes in pRB-mediated repression. However, our results fail to support the idea that the SWI/SNF proteins are required for RBF-mediated repression and suggest that a requirement for HDAC activities is likely to be limited to a subset of targets. We found that the chromatin assembly factor p55/dCAF-1 is essential for the repression of dE2F2-regulated targets. The removal of p55 deregulated the expression of E2F targets that are normally repressed by dE2F2/RBF1 and dE2F2/RBF2 complexes in a cell cycle-independent manner but had no effect on the expression of E2F targets that are normally coupled with cell proliferation. The results indicate that the mechanisms of RBF regulation at these two types of E2F targets are different and suggest that p55, and perhaps p55's mammalian orthologs RbAp46 and RbAp48, have a conserved function in repression by pRB-related proteins.
Thermopower in quasi-two-dimensional (BEDT-TTF) m X n organic conductors (1998)

Thermopower of (BEDT-TTF) m X n organic conductors has been studied using a dedicated measurement technique in the temperature range of 4.2 to 300 K. It turned out that some features of the thermopower in quasi-two-dimensional metals, namely the presence of a peak in the thermopower of α-(BEDT-TTF)2MHg(SCN)4 and a plateau in κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu(NCS)2 in the temperature interval between 10 and 50 K, are probably due to the phonon drag effect. Similar temperature dependences of the Seebeck coefficient can be satisfactorily interpreted in terms of a simple model taking into account the real experimental curve of the phonon heat capacity versus temperature, C ∝ T 2, which is not described by the Debye formula. One feature distinguishing organic superconductors from magnetically ordered metals is a stronger temperature dependence of the characteristic electron-phonon scattering time τ e-ph(T). Phonon drag effects also determine the behavior of the thermopower in the (BEDT-TTF)3Cl2·2H2O organic conductor, which is characterized by a metal-insulator transition at T∼150 K. An analysis of measurements of the conductivity and thermopower vs. temperature taken together indicates that the transition in this compound has a complex nature: first (at T∼150 K) a metal-insulator transition occurs, which produces an energy gap in the band spectrum, then at a lower temperature (T∼20 K) a transition to a charge-density wave state takes place.
A controlled trial of oral hyposensitization in pollen asthma and rhinitis in children (1984)

This study describes the effect of an orally administered grass-pollen vaccine, taken pre-seasonally, on the clinical symptoms of fifty-four children with hay fever, asthma or both, during the 1982 grass-pollen season. Oral mixed grass-pollen vaccine and a matched placebo were randomly allocated to form two matched groups. Although small differences were observed in favour of the active group for both hay fever and asthma, no significant advantage was demonstrated over placebo in terms of symptom scores or additional medication required.
Mechanical Properties of a pH Sensitive Hydrogel (2002)

An experimental protocol was developed to determine the basic mechanical properties of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)) hydrogel at various levels of pH equilibrium. An Instron micromechanical testing machine was modified such that tensile tests could be carried out in temperature controlled pH solution. Values of Young’s modulus were measured for a range of pH values from 2 to 12 and the experimental data was compared with theoretical predictions of rubber elasticity. Although theory overpredicted the decrease in modulus by 0.05 MPa, the global decrease in modulus with increased swelling was experimentally confirmed. 1
Acoustic surface wave filters (1971)

Acoustic surface waves offer several advantages in the construction of delay lines and filters in the UHF range. In these devices the frequency response is determined by the finger spacing and overlap of the interdigital comb structures used as input and output transducers. Models are developed to describe these devices, and the predictions of these theories are compared with several experimental filters, including band-pass filters and dispersive delay lines.
Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide Hexarelin Reduces Neonatal Brain Injury and Alters Akt/Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Phosphorylation (2005)

Hexarelin (HEX) is a peptide GH secretagogue with a potent ability to stimulate GH secretion and recently reported cardioprotective actions. However, its effects in the brain are largely unknown, and the aim of the present study was to examine the potential protective effect of HEX on the central nervous system after injury, as well as on caspase-3, Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling cascades in a rat model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Hypoxic-ischemic insult was induced by unilateral carotid ligation and hypoxic exposure (7.7% oxygen), and HEX treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly, directly after the insult. Brain damage was quantified at four coronal levels and by regional neuropathological scoring. Brain damage was reduced by 39% in the treatment group, compared with vehicle group, and injury was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus but not in the striatum. The cerebroprotective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction of caspase-3 activity and an increased phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, whereas ERK was unaffected. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that HEX is neuroprotective in the neonatal setting in vivo and that increased Akt signaling is associated with downstream attenuation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta activity and caspase-dependent cell death.
Tư tưởng Hồ Chí Minh về giáo dục với việc phát triển nền giáo dục Việt Nam những thập niên đầu thế kỷ XXI (2012)

Bai viết phân tich một cach khai quat tư tưởng cơ bản của Hồ Chi Minh về giao dục tren những khia cạnh, như mục tieu, nội dung va phương phap giao dục để tren cơ sở đo khẳng định tư tưởng Hồ Chi Minh về giao dục khong chỉ la anh sang soi đường, kim chỉ nam cho chiến lược phat triển con người, phat triển giao dục ở Việt Nam trong suốt mấy chục nam qua, ma con la định hướng cơ bản đối với việc đổi mới, chấn hưng va phat triển nền giao dục Việt Nam trong những thập nien đầu thế kỷ XXI
New concepts for continuous mixing of powder rubber (2001)

The development of a continuous mixing process for natural rubber (NR) powder rubber compounds using the twin screw extruder is proposed, using an appropriate screw configuration taking advantage of the various types of screw elements used for conveyance and dispersive and distributive mixing. A further target of the study was a significant increase in the output, while retaining a good quality of process behaviour and material properties. Within the given limits of machine capacity, a gradual increase of the feed rate was successfully achieved with increasing screw speed at clearly moderate mixing temperatures. A markedly high degree of dispersion of filler of > 95% was obtained for all compounds produced by varying the process parameters. Consistently, rheological and mechanical measurements revealed only negligible to weak differences between the sample properties. For comparison of results, compounds based on NR in both bale and powder form were prepared by the discontinuous mixing process.
Two field-emission states of single-walled carbon nanotubes (2001)

Two field-emission states of single-walled carbon nanotubes have been identified according to their respective emission current levels. The state yielding increased emission current has been attributed to the presence of adsorbates on the nanotubes. It was realized that, by application of high electric fields inducing large emission currents, a transition between the two states could be induced. For the high current state, field-emitted electrons originated from states located 1 eV below the Fermi level, as was determined by field-emission energy distribution measurements. This suggested that adsorbates introduced a resonant state on the surface that enhanced the tunneling probability of the electrons. These states are removed when the nanotubes are cleaned by application of a large electric field, thus, decreasing the field-emitted current.
Delayed Fourier transform proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDelayed Fourier transform proton magnetic resonance spectroscopyC. H. A. Seiter, G. W. Feigenson, Sunney I. Chan, and Ming-Chu HsuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 7, 2535–2537Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00762a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00762a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intramolecular Radical Cyclization of Ketene Dithioacetals (1992)

Abstract A novel intramolecular ketene radical cyclization was described. Treatment of α-bromo-β-alkoxycarbonyl- and α-bromo-β-oxoketene dithioacetals with tributyltin hydride and AIBN gave lactones and cyclic ketones bearing bis(methylthio)methylene substituent at α-position in moderate yields. Tandem radical cyclization of ketene radical synthons were also carried out.
Biology of Airway Smooth Muscle: Conference Summary (1998)

The 1998 Transatlantic Conference was dubbed by one of its participants as the symposium on a tissue that has no useful role. Perhaps so, but undaunted by the futility of discovering a function for airway smooth muscle, the participants dissected the challenging subject of the function of airway smooth muscle as a tissue and the potential mechanisms by which it plays a role in airway disease. Four major areas of focus emerged.
mRNA (2013)

Two decades ago, mRNA became the focus of research in molecular medicine and was proposed as an active pharmaceutical ingredient for the therapy of cancer. In this regard, mRNA has been mainly used for ex vivo modification of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs). This vaccination strategy has proven to be safe, well tolerated and capable of inducing tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Recently, the direct application of mRNA for in situ modification of APCs, hence immunization was shown to be feasible and at least as effective as DC-based immunization in pre-clinical models. It is believed that application of mRNA as an off-the-shelf vaccine represents an important step in the development of future cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. Here, we will discuss the use of ex vivo mRNA-modified DCs and "naked mRNA" for cancer immunotherapy focusing on parameters such as the employed DC subtype, DC activation stimulus and route of immunization. In addition, we will provide an overview on the clinical trials published so far, trying to link their outcome to the aforementioned parameters.
The accumulation and utilization of food reserves by the adult female cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) (1973)

Changes in water content and cuticle weight during adult parasitic life of B. microplus, and the manner in which water and dry matter are utilized for egg production, suggest that capacity for cuticle growth, and thus for distension, determines water content in relation to body weight, and this in turn fecundity of the female. Figures for Australian B. microplus are compared with those for this species in Japan, where higher average engorged weight, cuticle weight, percentage water content, and numbers of eggs laid have been reported.
Thermally tunable dual-core photonic bandgap fiber based on the infusion of a temperature-responsive liquid (2008)

A dual-core photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF) is demonstrated by infusing a high-index liquid into a dual-core air-silica photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Extremal couplings have been experimentally observed. The temperature tunable characteristics of the dual-core PBGF's bandgap guiding and dual-core coupling are experimentally and numerically investigated. When we rise temperature, the dual-core PBGFs' bandgaps have been changed: compression of bandwidth, blue-shift and depression of the guiding band. Especially, the dual-core coupling is temperature tunable because of the tunability of the infusion liquid's index. We find that the rise of temperature increases the coupling length which results in the blue-shift of the resonant peak wavelengths with a speed of 1.9nm/degreesC, for a 20mm dual-core PBGF.
Excess cones in the retinal degeneration rd7 mouse, caused by the loss of function of orphan nuclear receptor Nr2e3, originate from early-born photoreceptor precursors (2011)

The orphan nuclear receptor NR2E3 is a direct transcriptional target of NRL, the key basic motif leucine zipper transcription factor that dictates rod versus cone photoreceptor cell fate in the mammalian retina. The lack of NR2E3 function in humans and in retinal degeneration rd7 mutant mouse leads to increased S-cones accompanied by rod degeneration, whereas ectopic expression of Nr2e3 in the cone-only Nrl(-/-) retina generates rod-like cells that do not exhibit any visual function. Using GFP to tag the newborn rods and by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine birthdating, we demonstrate that early-born post-mitotic photoreceptor precursors in the rd7 retina express cone-specific genes. Transgenic mouse studies in the rd7 background show that Nr2e3 when expressed under the control of Crx promoter can restore rod photoreceptor function and suppress cone gene expression. Furthermore, Nr2e3 expression in photoreceptor precursors committed to be rods (driven by the Nrl promoter) could completely rescue the retinal phenotype of the rd7 mice. We conclude that excess of S-cones in the rd7 retina originate from photoreceptor precursors with a 'default' fate and not from proliferation of cones and that Nr2e3 is required to suppress the expression of S-cone genes during normal rod differentiation. These studies further support the 'transcriptional dominance' model of photoreceptor cell fate determination and provide insights into the pathogenesis of retinal disease phenotypes caused by NR2E3 mutations.
Electrical and Morphological Properties of Inkjet Printed Pedot/PSS Films (2005)

Organic solar cells and LEDs are becoming more popular because their low cost materials, potential manufacturability, and recent gains in efficiency make them feasible for widespread commercialization in the near future. One significant manufacturing problem, especially for OLEDs, is the cost associated with creating patterned devices with spatially non-specific deposition methods such as spincoating. Inkjet printing can remove this problem. In recent years, inkjet printed polyethylene(3,4-dioxythiophene)/ polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS) has been incorporated into many organic devices to help charge transfer, but there has not been much research regarding the effect of different printing parameters on the electrical and morphological film properties. In this work, an atomic force microscope, four point probe, and Kelvin probe were used to study the effects of printing parameters on roughness, conductivity and workfunction. Inkjet printed PEDOT films were also compared to spincoated films to determine how the polymer deposition method affects the above properties. Generally, inkjet printing created rougher but more conductive films with a smaller workfunction. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the workfunction of PEDOT films could be tuned over a range of about 0.5 V by changing the solvent mixture or substrate surface pretreatment. All additives to the as received PEDOT/PSS suspension caused the workfunction to decrease. It was discovered that workfunction decreases as printing voltage increases, but the trend reverses after annealing the films. This phenomenon suggests that when DMSO interacts with PEDOT, the workfunction changes. Finally, the results support previous publications suggesting that DMSO increases conductivity through a screening effect and also by changing the distribution of PEDOT and PSS in the film.
Protein-Resistant Silicones:  Incorporation of Poly(ethylene oxide) via Siloxane Tethers (2007)

Silicones with enhanced protein resistance were prepared by introducing poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chains via siloxane tethers (a-c) of varying lengths. Three unique ambifunctional molecules (a-c) having the general formula alpha-(EtO)3Si(CH2)2-oligodimethylsiloxanen-block-poly(ethylene oxide)8-OCH3 (n = 0 (a), 4, (b), and 13 (c)) were prepared via regioselective Rh-catalyzed hydrosilylation. Nine films were subsequently produced by the H3PO4-catalyzed sol-gel cross-linking of a-c each with alpha,omega-bis(Si-OH)polydimethylsiloxane (P, Mn = 3000 g/mol) in varying ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:3 molar ratio a, b, or c to P). Films prepared with a 2:3 molar ratio (a-c to P) contained the least amount of un-cross-linked materials, which may migrate to the film surface. For this set of films, surface hydrophilicity and protein resistance increased with siloxane tether length (a-c). These results indicate that PEO was more effectively mobilized to the surface if incorporated into silicones via longer siloxane tethers.
Location-aware key management scheme for wireless sensor networks (2004)

Sensor networks are composed of a large number of low power sensor devices. For secure communication among sensors, secret keys must be established between them. Recently, several pairwise key schemes have been proposed for large distributed sensor networks. These schemes randomly select a set of keys from a key pool and install the keys in the memory of each sensor. After deployment, the sensors can set up keys by using the preinstalled keys. Due to lack of tamper-resistant hardware, the sensor networks are vulnerable to node capture attacks. The information gained from captured nodes can be used to compromise communication among uncompromised sensors. Du et al. [1], Liu and Ning [2] proposed to use the known deployment information to reduce the memory requirements and mitigate the consequences of node capture attack. Our analysis shows that the assumption of random capture of sensors is too <i>weak</i>. An <i>intelligent</i> attacker can selectively capture sensors to get more information with less efforts. In addition to selective node capture attack, all recent proposals are vulnerable to node fabrication attack, in which an attacker can fabricate new sensors by manipulating the compromised secret keys and then deploy the fabricated sensors into the sensor system. To counter these attacks, we propose a grid-group scheme which uses known deployment information. Unlike the pairwise key scheme using deployment information proposed by Du et al., we uniformly deploy sensors in a large area; instead of randomly distributing keys from a large key pool to each sensor, we systematically distribute secret keys to each sensor from a structured key pool. Our performance analysis shows that our scheme requires less number of keys preinstalled for each sensor and is resilient to selective node capture attack and node fabrication attack.