gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
T-cell receptor ζ mRNA with an alternatively spliced 3′ untranslated region is generated predominantly in the peripheral blood T cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients (2002)

Abstract To investigate the mechanism of the downregulation of T-cell receptor ζ chain (TCRζ) expression in the peripheral blood T cells (PBTs) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, we analyzed the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of TCRζ mRNA, because the 3'UTR in mRNA is responsible for posttranscriptional regulation. Use of the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to amplify the 917 bp TCRζ 3'UTR cDNA demonstrated that the short variant cDNA (355 bp), expressed as an alternatively spliced 3'UTR with 562-bp deletion, was predominated in the PBTs of 11 of 14 SLE patients, whereas mainly the wild-form cDNA (917 bp) was detected in the PBTs of seven negative controls (two systemic sclerosis patients, five normal controls) and in two T-cell line hybridomas. Semiquantitative PCR also revealed the predominant expression of the TCRζ mRNA with alternatively spliced 3'UTR (TCRζ mRNA/as-3'UTR), and a decreased expression of TCRζ mRNA with the wild form 3'UTR (TCRζ mRNA/w-3'UTR) in SLE T cells. However, there was no difference in the expression of the open reading frame (ORF) TCRζ mRNA between the negative controls and SLE patients. The TCRζ protein expression level according to Western blot analysis correlated well with that of TCRζ mRNA/w-3'UTR (r= 0.931) and reversibly with TCRζ mRNA/as-3'UTR (r=-0.614), but not with ORF TCRζ mRNA (r=-0.296). It can be concluded that the reduced expression of TCRζ mRNA/w-3'UTR and the predominant expression of TCRζ mRNA/as-3'UTR lead to downregulation of the TCRζ protein in SLE T cells.
Diverse roles of E‐cadherin in the morphogenesis of the submandibular gland: Insights into the formation of acinar and ductal structures (2008)

The formation of acinar and ductal structures during epithelial tissue branching morphogenesis is not well understood. We report that in the mouse submandibular gland (SMG), acinar and ductal cell fates are determined early in embryonic morphogenesis with E-cadherin playing pivotal roles in development. We identified two morphologically distinct cell populations at the single bud stage, destined for different functions. The outer layer of columnar cells with organized E-cadherin junctions expressed the neonatal acinar marker B1 by E13.5, demonstrating their acinar fate. The interior cells initially lacked distinct E-cadherin junctions, but with morphogenesis formed cytokeratin 7 (K7) -positive ductal structures with organized E-cadherin junctions and F-actin filaments. Inhibition of E-cadherin function with either siRNA or function blocking antibody caused extensive apoptosis of ductal cells and aberrantly dilated lumens, providing the first evidence that E-cadherin regulates ductal lumen formation during branching morphogenesis of the salivary gland.
Design, modeling and performance of a split path JP-10/Air Pulse Detonation engine (2006)

The initiation of a detonation in Pulse Detonation Engines (PDE) has been identified as one of the critical and enabling technologies for PDEs. In particular, the initiation of practical fuel-air mixtures containing liquid droplets without supplementary oxygen or other high loss mechanisms is a capability that could enable the PDE to exceed the performance of ramjets and expendable turbo-machinery based systems. Although past engine designs have relied upon a sensitive fuel/oxygen initiator unit or unrealistic gaseous fuels such as ethylene and propane, a PDE was designed and partially tested that has eliminated the requirement for supplementary oxygen as well as enabling the use of a JP-10, high-density liquid fuel. Air flow through segments of this PDE was simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics and experimentally evaluated in the laboratory at simulated flight conditions, including supersonic cruising conditions. The spiral lined initiator demonstrated a lower total pressure loss when compared to the geometry with rings, and thus was the preferred initiator configuration. Experimental values for the turbulence were found to be significantly lower than the computed values at similar conditions. Finally, successful ignitions of the JP-10/Air initiator at frequencies of up to 20 Hz were experimentally demonstrated.
Neutron‐Induced Gamma Dose From a Reactor Beam Filter for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (1989)

For the boron neutron capture therapy (NCT) of deep-seated metastatic melanoma, an epithermal (up to a few keV energy) neutron beam from a reactor horizontal facility could be useful if the inherent contamination from fast neutrons and gamma rays could be minimised. Calculations for ANSTO's 10 MW research reactor HIFAR have shown that, even though a filter material such as AlF3 attenuates the fast neutron dose, the beam quality improvement is counteracted by a relative increase in the gamma dose because of the gammas arising from neutron captures in the filter material, particularly the aluminium. The aluminium gammas, most of which arise from thermal neutron capture, are hard and cannot be attenuated by lead or bismuth without comparable attenuation of the epithermal neutron flux. Addition of an absorber such as 6Li to the AlF3 filter was investigated as a means of reducing the hard gamma dose, but the improvement in beam quality was small and at considerable cost to dose intensity. Dose characteristics calculations confirmed the superiority of a tangential beam over a radial beam with better results from an unfiltered tangential beam than from an AlF3 filter in a radial beam. This study showed conclusively that assessments of filter assemblies based on the effect of individual components on either the neutron or gamma dose in isolation are inadequate. In assessing any epithermal neutron filter, thermal neutron shield, and gamma shield combination, the total effect of each on the neutron, gamma, and boron-10 dose must be considered.
Ultrasensitive detection of nitric oxide at 5.33 μm by using external cavity quantum cascade laser-based Faraday rotation spectroscopy (2009)

A transportable prototype Faraday rotation spectroscopic system based on a tunable external cavity quantum cascade laser has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of nitric oxide (NO). A broadly tunable laser source allows targeting the optimum Q(3/2)(3/2) molecular transition at 1875.81 cm(-1) of the NO fundamental band. For an active optical path of 44 cm and 1-s lock-in time constant minimum NO detection limits (1sigma) of 4.3 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and 0.38 ppbv are obtained by using a thermoelectrically cooled mercury-cadmium-telluride photodetector and liquid nitrogen-cooled indium-antimonide photodetector, respectively. Laboratory performance evaluation and results of continuous, unattended monitoring of atmospheric NO concentration levels are reported.
A highly sensitive and flexible pressure sensor with electrodes and elastomeric interlayer containing silver nanowires (2014)

The next-generation application of pressure sensors is gradually being extended to include electronic artificial skin (e-skin), wearable devices, humanoid robotics and smart prosthetics. In these advanced applications, high sensing capability is an essential feature for high performance. Although surface patterning treatments and some special elastomeric interlayers have been applied to improve sensitivity, the process is complex and this inevitably raises the cost and is an obstacle to large-scale production. In the present study a simple printing process without complex patterning has been used for constructing the sensor, and an interlayer is employed comprising elastomeric composites filled with silver nanowires. By increasing the relative permittivity, εr, of the composite interlayer induced by compression at high nanowire concentration, it has been possible to achieve a maximum sensitivity of 5.54 kPa(-1). The improvement in sensitivity did not sacrifice or undermine the other features of the sensor. Thanks to the silver nanowire electrodes, the sensor is flexible and stable after 200 cycles at a bending radius of 2 mm, and exhibits outstanding reproducibility without hysteresis under similar pressure pulses. The sensor has been readily integrated onto an adhesive bandage and has been successful in detecting human movements. In addition to measuring pressure in direct contact, non-contact pressures such as air flow can also be detected.
Epidermal growth factor enhances preimplantation developmental competence of maturing mouse oocytes (1999)

The objective of this study was to determine whether epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of mouse oocytes grown in vivo or in vitro. In-vivo-grown oocytes were isolated at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage from gonadotrophin-primed (PR) or -unprimed (UPR) 22-day-old mice before in-vitro maturation (IVM). In-vitro-grown (IVG) oocytes were isolated from preantral follicles of 12-day-old mice and grown in vitro without gonadotrophins for 10 days before maturation (IVG/IVM oocytes). IVM and IVG/IVM oocytes were matured in medium supplemented with either EGF (10 ng/ml), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (100 ng/ml), EGF plus FSH, or with neither ligand (control). When oocyte-cumulus cell complexes were isolated from PR and UPR mice, IVM with EGF (10 ng/ml), alone or in combination with FSH (100 ng/ml), increased (P < 0.05) the incidence of nuclear maturation to metaphase II. Cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes from PR females, manifested as increased frequency of cleavage to the 2-cell stage and development to the blastocyst stage, was also enhanced with EGF (P < 0.05). Moreover, EGF increased the number of cells per blastocyst, but only in the absence of FSH (P < 0.01). In contrast, EGF, FSH, or EGF plus FSH did not affect the percentage of oocytes from UPR mice completing preimplantation development, but did increase the number of cells per blastocyst. These ligands also increased the proportion of IVG oocytes reaching metaphase II (53-57%) compared with controls (25%; P < 0.05). EGF alone or in combination with FSH increased (P < 0.05) the frequency of blastocyst formation (23% and 28%, respectively) compared with controls (13%). EGF treatment of maturing IVG oocytes produced blastocysts with more cells than other IVG groups (P < 0.05). It is concluded that gonadotrophins in vivo increase the sensitivity or responsiveness of cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes to EGF, thereby promoting both nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. However, oocyte-granulosa cell complexes grown in vitro become responsive to EGF without gonadotrophin treatment. Thus, nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of IVG oocytes is promoted by EGF treatment during meiotic maturation.
The photonical, pure grid method (1992)

Abstract The paper presents an introduction on the pure grid method for deformation measurements in experimental mechanics. The pure grid method involves that the grid images are processed separately, and subsequently the results of these separate processings are substrated from each other in order to obtain a quantified deformation indication. The recording and processing of the grid images are currently performed photonically by means of digital image measurement systems. The basic data processing relations and set-ups of four different applicabilities of the photonical, pure grid method are presented in this paper. The applicabilities are discussed. Strains can be measured with errors smaller than 200 micro strain and displacements with errors smaller than 1 5000 of the diameter of the object as visible in the grid image. These figures can be improved substantially by future application of high resolving-power CCD cameras. Two examples are shown. The paper also contains an extensive bibliography for further explorations.
BIČOVSKÝ, JAN: Stručná mluvnice praindoevropštiny (A Short Grammar of Proto-Indo-European). (2013)

Bičovský, Jan: Stručná mluvnice praindoevropštiny (A Short Grammar of Proto-Indo-European). Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Filozofická fakulta, Praha, 2012. 186 Seiten. Gebunden, 210 CZK = ca. 8,00 EUR. ISBN: 978-80-7308-418-9.
A genetic analysis of the alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase locus in Drosophila melanogaster. (1988)

The gene for alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase, the nuclear encoded mitochondrial enzyme of the alpha-glycerophosphate cycle (alpha GP); has been mapped in Drosophila melanogaster. Several interstitial deficiencies in region 50c-53AB of chromosome 2R were used to localize the structural gene to 52D2-5. In addition, mutations of alpha GPO were generated; alpha GPO mutants are viable yet flightless. Interactions of alpha GPO with alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha GPDH), the cytoplasmic enzyme of the alpha GP cycle, were investigated through the synthesis of a series of alpha GPDHnull-alpha GPOnull double mutants. Of the six double null mutants constructed, four alpha GPDH-alpha GPO double nulls are viable and flightless. Two double mutants, however, exhibit an allelic-dependent synthetic lethal phenotype.
Overlapping positive and negative regulatory elements determine lens-specific activity of the delta 1-crystallin enhancer. (1993)

Lens-specific expression of the delta 1-crystallin gene is governed by an enhancer in the third intron, and the 30-bp-long DC5 fragment was found to be responsible for eliciting the lens-specific activity. Mutational analysis of the DC5 fragment identified two contiguous, interdependent positive elements and a negative element which overlaps the 3'-located positive element. Previously identified ubiquitous factors delta EF1 bound to the negative element and repressed the enhancer activity in nonlens cells. Mutation and cotransfection analyses indicated the existence of an activator which counteracts the action of delta EF1 in lens cells, probably through binding site competition. We also found a group of nuclear factors, collectively called delta EF2, which bound to the 5'-located positive element. delta EF2a and -b were the major species in lens cells, whereas delta EF2c and -d predominated in nonlens cells. These delta EF2 proteins probably cooperate with factors bound to the 3'-located element in activation in lens cells and repression in nonlens cells. delta EF2 proteins also bound to a promoter sequence of the gamma F-crystallin gene, suggesting that delta EF2 proteins are involved in lens-specific regulation of various crystallin classes.
A single chicken anemia virus protein induces apoptosis. (1994)

Chicken anemia virus (CAV) causes cytopathogenic effects in chicken thymocytes and cultured transformed mononuclear cells via apoptosis. Early after infection of chicken mononuclear cells, the CAV-encoded protein VP3 exhibits a finely granular distribution within the nucleus. At a later stage after infection, VP3 forms aggregates. At this point, the cell becomes apoptotic and the cellular DNA is fragmented and condensed. By immunogold electron microscopy VP3 was shown to be associated with apoptotic structures. In vitro, expression of VP3 induced apoptosis in chicken lymphoblastoid T cells and myeloid cells, which are susceptible to CAV infection, but not in chicken embryo fibroblasts, which are not susceptible to CAV. Expression of a C-terminally truncated VP3 induced much less pronounced apoptosis in the chicken lymphoblastoid T cells.
Rapid Design and Performance Evaluation of Steady-State Journal Bearings—A Technique Amenable to Programmable Hand Calculators (1982)

A simple technique for the rapid design and performance evaluation of steady-state journal bearings is presented. The technique which is amenable to hand calculator use is compared with a numerical solution for all relevant design parameters. Results indicate that the bearing designer may utilize the technique over a wide range of (L/D) and eccentricity ratios without serious error.
A Parameterized Simulation of Doppler Lidar (2021)

Upcoming missions to explore planetary bodies in the solar system will require accurate position and velocity data during descent in order to land safely at a predesignated site. A Doppler lidar instrument could provide measurements of the altitude, attitude, and velocity of the landing vehicle to supplement the data collected by other instruments. A flexible simulation tool would aid the tasks of designing and testing the functionality of such an instrument. LadarSIM is a robust parameterized simulation tool developed for time of flight lidar at Utah State University's Center for Advanced Imaging Ladar. This thesis outlines how LadarSIM was modified to include a simulation of Doppler lidar. A study is performed using LadarSIM to determine the effects of varying certain parameters of a Doppler lidar system. Point clouds of landing scenarios generated by the simulation with different scanning patterns are shown.
Polymerization. VIII. The Action of Metalating Reagents on Rubber<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization. VIII. The Action of Metalating Reagents on Rubber1Avery A. Morton and Hugh E. RamsdenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 9, 3132–3135Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01189a088https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01189a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-throughput Analysis of Large Microscopy Image Datasets on CPU-GPU Cluster Platforms (2013)

Analysis of large pathology image datasets offers significant opportunities for the investigation of disease morphology, but the resource requirements of analysis pipelines limit the scale of such studies. Motivated by a brain cancer study, we propose and evaluate a parallel image analysis application pipeline for high throughput computation of large datasets of high resolution pathology tissue images on distributed CPU-GPU platforms. To achieve efficient execution on these hybrid systems, we have built runtime support that allows us to express the cancer image analysis application as a hierarchical data processing pipeline. The application is implemented as a coarse-grain pipeline of stages, where each stage may be further partitioned into another pipeline of fine-grain operations. The fine-grain operations are efficiently managed and scheduled for computation on CPUs and GPUs using performance aware scheduling techniques along with several optimizations, including architecture aware process placement, data locality conscious task assignment, data prefetching, and asynchronous data copy. These optimizations are employed to maximize the utilization of the aggregate computing power of CPUs and GPUs and minimize data copy overheads. Our experimental evaluation shows that the cooperative use of CPUs and GPUs achieves significant improvements on top of GPU-only versions (up to 1.6×) and that the execution of the application as a set of fine-grain operations provides more opportunities for runtime optimizations and attains better performance than coarser-grain, monolithic implementations used in other works. An implementation of the cancer image analysis pipeline using the runtime support was able to process an image dataset consisting of 36,848 4Kx4K-pixel image tiles (about 1.8TB uncompressed) in less than 4 minutes (150 tiles/second) on 100 nodes of a state-of-the-art hybrid cluster system.
“Survival power” key to successful carrot stands (1973)

Obtaining good commercial carrot stands in the San Joaquin Valley has often proven to be unpredictable and sometimes difficult. Carrots are becoming a major crop in this area and growers are using many mulching, irrigation and planting techniques in an effort to improve stands. During the last three years an increasing number of growers have used only large-sized seed in an attempt to guarantee stands. These studies at the U.C. West Side Field Station, Five Points, indicate that under most conditions small seed may be as good or better than large seed.
Six-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation systems with application to resonant-mass gravitational radiation detectors (1992)

In this paper we discuss passive vibration isolation systems for ultralow temperature gravitational radiation detectors, using a detector at Stanford University as the primary example. We review the basic theory of such isolation systems and describe methods of analysis for one-degree-of-freedom isolators. With these methods we derive fundamental constraints on the performance of gravitationally loaded isolators. Next we discuss general design considerations, optimization, and detailed analysis of six-degree-of-freedom isolators. We conclude with experimental data from isolators designed for the Stanford gravitational radiation detector.
<title>Mechanism for thermal interference and crowding in a high-density magneto-optical recording and a method of compensation</title> (1996)

The mechanism of thermal interference and crowding on amplitude variation of the optical readout in a high density magneto-optical disk is studied. A simple method of eliminating the amplitude variation and achieving uniform amplitude of optical readouts in successive recording pulses is demonstrated. A thermomagnetic switching model is used to explain the mechanism for the thermal interference. A correlation model is also applied to describe how successful the thermal compensation is achieved. Good agreement is reached between the experimental and the simulation results.
Understanding others: Emotion recognition in humans and other animals (2018)

Emotion recognition represents the ability to encode an ensemble of sensory stimuli providing information about the emotional state of another individual. This ability is not unique to humans. An increasing number of studies suggest that many aspects of higher order social functions, including emotion recognition, might be present in species ranging from primates to rodents, indicating a conserved role in social animals. The aim of this review is to examine and compare how emotions are communicated and perceived in humans and other animals, with the intent to highlight possible new behavioral approaches and research perspectives. We summarize the evidence from human emotion recognition, and latest advances in the development of nonhuman animal behavioral tests, using or implying the use of this cognitive function. The differential implication of sensory modalities used by animals to communicate and decipher emotional states is also discussed. The opportunity to measure emotion recognition abilities in rodents may allow us to better identify the neural mechanisms mediating this complex function, thus promoting the development of new intervention strategies for several neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by social cognitive dysfunctions.