gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Change of Intracellular pH is Involved in the Cisplatin-Resistance of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549/DDP Cells (2005)

We had reported that the intracellular pH (pHi) of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, which is sensitive to cisplatin, was more acidic than that of cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells. The correlation between the change of the pHi and cisplatin-resistance of A549 /DDP cells was further studied by altering pHi in consequence of the change of CO2 concentration of the incubator. The pHi alterations of the cells were monitored by using the fluorescence probe of BCECF-AM. The results indicated that the pHi was more alkaline at lower CO2 concentration (2% CO2 in the incubator) and more acidic at higher CO2 concentration (8% CO2 in the incubator) for both A549 and A549/DDP cells compared with those of both A549 and A549/DDP cells cultured at 5% CO2 as the normal condition. Accumulation of bodipy-cisplatin, a fluorescence probe used for drug resistance assays, in A549 cells incubated at 2%, 5%, and 8% CO2 was increased 8.4%, 17.4%, and 23.5% compared to A549/DDP cells, respectively. Intracellular sequestration and distribution of bodipy-cisplatin imaged by laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that bodipy-cisplatin was more encapsulated in acidic compartments of A549/DDP cells as shown with acridine orange, a dye that specifically labels acidic organelles in the cells. These results can be further confirmed in liposome systems with different pH gradients. It is proposed from the above results that the change of pHi in especially more acidic compartments in A549/DDP cells involves their cisplatin resistance.
Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase in Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury (2021)

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy agent commonly used to treat a wide variety of cancers. Despite the potential for both severe acute and chronic side effects, it remains a preferred therapeutic option for many malignancies due to its potent anti-tumor activity. Common cisplatin-associated side-effects include acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). These renal injuries may cause delays and potentially cessation of cisplatin therapy and have long-term effects on renal function reserve. Thus, developing mechanism-based interventional strategies that minimize cisplatin-associated kidney injury without reducing efficacy would be of great benefit. In addition to its action of cross-linking DNA, cisplatin has been shown to affect mitochondrial metabolism, resulting in mitochondrially derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased ROS formation in renal proximal convoluted tubule cells is associated with cisplatin-induced AKI and CKD. We review the mechanisms by which cisplatin may induce AKI and CKD and discuss the potential of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetics to prevent platinum-associated nephrotoxicity.
Increased Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity in the High Bone Mass ΔFosB Transgenic Mice (2008)

Obesity and osteoporosis are major health issues affecting millions of individuals. Transgenic mice overexpressing DeltaFosB, an activator protein-1 transcription factor, under the control of the enolase 2 (ENO2) promoter exhibit both an increase in bone density and a decrease in adipose mass. Here we demonstrate that DeltaFosB overexpression increases fatty-acid oxidation and energy expenditure, leading to a decrease in adipocyte size and adipose mass. In addition, the ENO2-DeltaFosB mice exhibit increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Targeted overexpression of DeltaFosB in adipocytes using the adipocyte protein 2 promoter failed to induce changes in fat or in bone, showing that the effect on metabolic activity is not due to cell-autonomous effects of DeltaFosB within adipocytes. Detailed analysis of the ENO2-DeltaFosB mice demonstrated that energy expenditure was increased in muscle, independent of locomotor activity. These findings provide evidence that signaling downstream of DeltaFosB is a potential target for not only osteoporosis but also obesity and diabetes.
Perempuan, Budaya Patriarki Dan Representasi (2004)

Perempuan merupakan salah satu komponen dalam masyarakat disamping kaum laki-laki. Dalam masyarakat terdapat nilai-nilai atau pandangan-pandangan yang telah lama ada dan dianut oleh masyarakat. Biasanya niali-nilai itu sudah dianggap sesuatu yang mapan dan tidak perlu dipertanyakan lagi. Pandangan-pandangan itu ada kalanya mempengaruhi peran kaum perempuan dalam masyarakat. Perempuan ada kalanya diidentikkan dengan pekerjaan pada wilayah domestik atau rumah tangga.\nBudaya patriarki yang mendudukkan perempuan tidak sejajar dengan kaum lakilaki sedikit banyak mempengaruhi peran perempuan dalam masyarakat. _Budaya ini lebih jauh akan mempengaruhi peran perempuan Ice ranah yang lebih luas misalnya dalam wilayah publik. Terlihat bahwa kaum perempuan yang terlibat dalam lembagalembaga politik formal, di badan perwakilan dari waktu ke waktu sangat rendah. Oleh karena itu pemberdayaan dan emansipasi terhadap perempuan menjadi penting. Emansipasi sebenarnya lebih mengarah pada kemampuan perempuan terjun ke dalam sektor publik. selain itu juga mendorong kaum laki-laki untuk berbagi tugas dalam ranah domestik. Hal ini yang kemudian bisa dikatakan bahwa perempuan adalah mitra sejajar dengan laki-laki.\nTulisan ini mencoba untuk mengurai antara peran perempuan, budaya patriarki dan representasi kaum perempuan di parlemen
Stromal cell-derived factor-1α and macrophage migration-inhibitory factor induce metastatic behavior in CXCR4-expressing colon cancer cells (2012)

Metastasis of cancer cells is a major cause of death in cancer patients. The process of cancer metastasis includes the proliferation of primary cancer cells, local invasion, intravasation and cancer cell survival in blood flow, extravasation and attachment to secondary organs and metastatic growth in a new environment. In these mechanisms of cancer metastasis, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand play an important role. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α, also known as CXCL12) is well known as a ligand of CXCR4, and macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) has recently become known as a ligand of CXCR4. In many types of cancers including breast, pancreatic and colorectal cancer (CRC), CXCR4/SDF-1α has been investigated in metastasis-related cancer behavior, which include cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion. However, CXCR4/MIF has rarely been investigated in the metastatic behavior of colon cancer cells. In this report, the effect of SDF-1α or MIF was studied on cell cycle, cell proliferation, adhesion and migration of the CXCR4-expressing colon cancer cell line SW480. SDF-1α or MIF caused a decrease in the number of cells in G0/G1 phase and an increase in the numbers of cells in S and G2/M phases. In addition, SDF-1α or MIF caused an increase in cell proliferation, cell adhesion to fibronectin and migration. AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, attenuated these effects, which included increased cell proliferation, adhesion and migration due to treatment of CXCR4-expressing colon cancer cells with SDF-1α or MIF. In conclusion, SDF-1α or MIF affects the metastasis-related behaviors of CXCR4-expressing colon cancer cells.
Naphthoquinones of the Vitamin K<sub>1</sub> Type of Structure (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNaphthoquinones of the Vitamin K1 Type of StructureLouis F. Fieser, William P. Campbell, Edward M. Fry, and Marshall D. GatesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 11, 3216–3223Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01266a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01266a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ammonia Synthesis Using Atomic Hydrogen Supplied From Silver-Palladium Alloy Membrane (2007)

Ammonia formation activity was studied on the Ru/(MgO-CeO2) catalyst loaded on a Ag-Pd hydrogen permeable membrane. The ammonia formation rate for the membrane reactor was more increased than that based on the conventional flow-type one due to the high reactivity of atomic hydrogen supplied from the Ag-Pd membrane. In addition, other on-site hydrogen generation type membrane reactor was also constructed, where the Ag-Pd alloy membrane was not only atomic hydrogen supplier but also an electrode for water electrolysis. Ammonia was effectively formed even at 373 K on this membrane reactor with the electrodeposited Ru metal powder catalyst.
Image‐guided radio‐frequency gain calibration for high‐field MRI (2009)

High-field (≥ 3T) MRI provides a means to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, due to its higher tissue magnetization compared with 1.5T. However, both the static magnetic field (B(0)) and the transmit radio-frequency (RF) field (B 1+) inhomogeneities are comparatively higher at higher field strengths than those at 1.5T. These challenging factors at high-field strengths make it more difficult to accurately calibrate the transmit RF gain using standard RF calibration procedures. An image-based RF calibration procedure was therefore developed, in order to accurately calibrate the transmit RF gain within a specific region-of-interest (ROI). Using a turbo fast low-angle shot (TurboFLASH) pulse sequence with centric k-space reordering, a series of 'saturation-no-recovery' images was acquired by varying the flip angle of the preconditioning pulse. In the resulting images, the signal null occurs in regions where the flip angle of the preconditioning pulse is 90°. For a given ROI, the mean signal can be plotted as a function of the nominal flip angle, and the resulting curve can be used to quantitatively identify the signal null. This image-guided RF calibration procedure was evaluated through phantom and volunteer imaging experiments at 3T and 7T. The image-guided RF calibration results in vitro were consistent with standard B(0) and B 1+ maps. The standard automated RF calibration procedure produced approximately 20% and 15-30% relative error in the transmit RF gain in the left kidney at 3T and brain at 7T, respectively. For initial application, a T(2) mapping pulse sequence was applied at 7T. The T(2) measurements in the thalamus at 7T were 60.6 ms and 48.2 ms using the standard and image-guided RF calibration procedures, respectively. This rapid, image-guided RF calibration procedure can be used to optimally calibrate the flip angle for a given ROI and thus minimize measurement errors for quantitative MRI and MR spectroscopy.
Forward and reverse link capacity enhancement of DS/CDMA cellular system using channel activation and soft power control techniques (2002)

This paper proposes a direct sequence/code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) cellular system using channel activation and soft power control techniques to increase both the forward and reverse link capacities. To equivalently control the received signal to interference and noise power ratio (CINR) to be constant, the proposed system employs a channel activation technique in which higher channel coding gain and small processing gain are employed with a shorter burst length during higher CINR period, and a lower channel coding gain and larger processing gain are employed with longer burst during lower CINR. Moreover, the proposed system employs a soft power control technique to enhance the advantages of the channel activation technique. Computer simulation confirms that the proposed system can achieve a higher system capacity with a smaller soft hand-off margin and a smaller average transmitter power.
Genetic Mapping of the Duffy Binding Protein (DBP) Ligand Domain of Plasmodium vivax from Unstable Malaria Region in the Middle East (2009)

The region II of Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBP-II) contains the critical binding residues, which is a major target for development of naturally acquired immunity. Several studies showed sequence polymorphisms in PvDBP-II, which may inhibit antibodies recognition. Therefore, in this study the level of PvDBP-II polymorphism within and among P. vivax populations from re-emerged areas in north and endemic areas in south of Iran were evaluated by sequencing analysis in 75 isolates for the first time. Fourteen non-synonymous and one synonymous mutations were identified and none of the amino acid substitutions were directly involved in erythrocyte binding. Only 6 out of 14 detected mutations have been found among northern isolates, including D384G, R390H, N417K, L424I, W437R, and I503K. In total, two and nine different variants have been identified among northern and southern isolates, respectively. High association of the amino acid frequencies for codons 417, 437, and 503 were found among northern (85% for trio association and 100% for N417K with W437R), and southern (36% for trio association and 98% for N417K with W437R) samples. Polymorphisms at positions R308S, K371E, D384G, K386N, R390H, N417K, L424I, W437R, and I503K were identified from Iran and diverse geographic areas; however, mutation at position F306L was only reported from Asian malaria endemic areas. It is suggested that to develop polyvalent vaccine against P. vivax infection, it is better to incorporate the common and high prevalent allelic variants of the antigen that were reported from different malaria endemic regions.
Improvement security for RuBee radio-WiMAX mesh networks (2008)

Next generation communication standard integrate various access networks technology to become mesh networks. One of air interface standard is metropolitan area wireless broadband service. IEEE 802.16 is the basis for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) certification which is the next evolution in wireless technology. In this paper we aim for new tag technology RuBee (IEEE 1902.1) to surf networks by WiMAX. The RuBee tag has very slow baud and 131 kHz as an operating frequency that cannot transmission immediately. We propose the GAP (Gateway Access Point) to transfer data between RuBee radio and WiMAX. Furthermore, the AAA problems improve in the two air-interface standards. There are several advantages such as GAP sort RuBee tags by Group Identity Key and raise the efficiency with roaming. On the other hand, RuBee tags have limited power and computing. Therefore, in this paper choice cookie for AAA function of RuBee tags.
GestOnHMD: Enabling Gesture-based Interaction on Low-cost VR Head-Mounted Display (2021)

Low-cost virtual-reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) with the integration of smartphones have brought the immersive VR to the masses, and increased the ubiquity of VR. However, these systems are often limited by their poor interactivity. In this paper, we present GestOnHMD, a gesture-based interaction technique and a gesture-classification pipeline that leverages the stereo microphones in a commodity smartphone to detect the tapping and the scratching gestures on the front, the left, and the right surfaces on a mobile VR headset. Taking the Google Cardboard as our focused headset, we first conducted a gesture-elicitation study to generate 150 user-defined gestures with 50 on each surface. We then selected 15, 9, and 9 gestures for the front, the left, and the right surfaces respectively based on user preferences and signal detectability. We constructed a data set containing the acoustic signals of 18 users performing these on-surface gestures, and trained the deep-learning classification pipeline for gesture detection and recognition. Lastly, with the real-time demonstration of GestOnHMD, we conducted a series of online participatory-design sessions to collect a set of user-defined gesture-referent mappings that could potentially benefit from GestOnHMD.
Structures of the Steroidal Alkaloids 25-Isosolafloridine and Solacallinidine Isolated From <i>Solanum callium</i> (1979)

The two major alkaloids isolated from Solanum callium are 25-isosolafloridine and solacallinidine, which have the structures (25 S )-22,26-epimino-5a-cholest-22(N)-ene-3ß,16a -diol (la) and (25s)- 3~-amino-22,26-epimino-5a -cholest-22(N)-en-l6a -o1 (lla), respectively. The somewhat different properties reported by previous workers for a synthetic compound described as 25-isosolafloridine indicate that it was probably not stereoisomerically pure.
Endosomal Signaling of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Stimulates Signal Transduction Pathways Leading to Cell Survival (2002)

In spite of intensified efforts to understand cell signaling from endosomes, there is no direct evidence demonstrating that endosomal signaling is sufficient to activate signal transduction pathways and no evidence to demonstrate that endosomal signaling is able to produce a biological outcome. The lack of breakthrough is due in part to the lack of means to generate endosomal signals without plasma membrane signaling. In this paper, we report the establishment of a system to specifically activate epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) when it endocytoses into endosomes. We treated cells with EGF in the presence of AG-1478, a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and monensin, which blocks the recycling of EGFR. This treatment led to the internalization of nonactivated EGF-EGFR complexes into endosomes. The endosome-associated EGFR was then activated by removing AG-1478 and monensin. During this procedure we did not observe any surface EGFR phosphorylation. We also achieved specific activation of endosome-associated EGFR without using monensin. By using this system, we provided original evidence demonstrating that (i) the endosome can serve as a nucleation site for the formation of signaling complexes, (ii) endosomal EGFR signaling is sufficient to activate the major signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and survival, and (iii) endosomal EGFR signaling is sufficient to suppress apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal.
Highly Efficient Chemoselective Hydrogenolysis of Epoxides Catalyzed by a (η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>5</sub>)Ru Complex Bearing a 2-(Diphenylphosphino)ethylamine Ligand (2003)

Terminal epoxides are hydrogenolyzed to give secondary alcohols with high regioselectivity using the ternary catalyst system of Cp*RuCl(cod)−2-(diphenylphosphino)ethylamine (1a)−KOH (Cp* = η5-C5(CH3)5, cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in 2-propanol under mild conditions.
Protein deamidases from germinating seeds (1996)

Enzymes catalyzing the deamidation of seed storage proteins were found in germinating seeds of kidney beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Moldavian) and squash ( Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Mozoleevskaya). They were partially purified and characterized. The properties of these enzymes closely resemble those of the protein deamidase in germinating wheat grains. The detection of similar protein deamidases in germinating seeds of plants belonging to phytogenetically unrelated species indicates that protein deamidases are of considerable physiological significance.
Automatic implementation of Prony analysis for electromechanical mode identification from phasor measurements (2010)

Small signal stability problems are one of the major threats to grid stability and reliability. Prony analysis has been successfully applied on ringdown data to monitor electromechanical modes of a power system using phasor measurement unit (PMU) data. To facilitate an on-line application of mode estimation, this paper develops a recursive algorithm for implementing Prony analysis and propose an oscillation detection method to detect ringdown data in real time. By automatically detecting ringdown data, the proposed method helps to guarantee that Prony analysis is properly and timely applied on the ringdown data. Thus, the mode estimation results can be performed reliably and timely. The proposed method is tested using Monte Carlo simulations based on a 17-machine model and is shown to be able to properly identify the oscillation data for on-line application of Prony analysis.
Intratumoral heterogeneity of receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and PDGFRA amplification in glioblastoma defines subpopulations with distinct growth factor response (2012)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is distinguished by a high degree of intratumoral heterogeneity, which extends to the pattern of expression and amplification of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Although most GBMs harbor RTK amplifications, clinical trials of small-molecule inhibitors targeting individual RTKs have been disappointing to date. Activation of multiple RTKs within individual GBMs provides a theoretical mechanism of resistance; however, the spectrum of functional RTK dependence among tumor cell subpopulations in actual tumors is unknown. We investigated the pattern of heterogeneity of RTK amplification and functional RTK dependence in GBM tumor cell subpopulations. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas GBM dataset identified 34 of 463 cases showing independent focal amplification of two or more RTKs, most commonly platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed on eight samples with EGFR and PDGFRA amplification, revealing distinct tumor cell subpopulations amplified for only one RTK; in all cases these predominated over cells amplified for both. Cell lines derived from coamplified tumors exhibited genotype selection under RTK-targeted ligand stimulation or pharmacologic inhibition in vitro. Simultaneous inhibition of both EGFR and PDGFR was necessary for abrogation of PI3 kinase pathway activity in the mixed population. DNA sequencing of isolated subpopulations establishes a common clonal origin consistent with late or ongoing divergence of RTK genotype. This phenomenon is especially common among tumors with PDGFRA amplification: overall, 43% of PDGFRA-amplified GBM were found to have amplification of EGFR or the hepatocyte growth factor receptor gene (MET) as well.
Using the Implicit Association Test to measure self-esteem and self-concept. (2000)

Experiment 1 used the Implicit Association Test (IAT; A. G. Greenwald, D. E. McGhee, & J. L. K. Schwartz, 1998) to measure self-esteem by assessing automatic associations of self with positive or negative valence. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that two IAT measures defined a factor that was distinct from, but weakly correlated with, a factor defined by standard explicit (self-report) measures of self-esteem. Experiment 2 tested known-groups validity of two IAT gender self-concept measures. Compared with well-established explicit measures, the IAT measures revealed triple the difference in measured masculinity-femininity between men and women. Again, CFA revealed construct divergence between implicit and explicit measures. Experiment 3 assessed the self-esteem IAT's validity in predicting cognitive reactions to success and failure. High implicit self-esteem was associated in the predicted fashion with buffering against adverse effects of failure on two of four measures.