gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Molecules Tenascin‐C and Tenascin‐R after 3–Acetylpyridine‐induced Lesion of the 01ivocerebe1lar System of the Adult Rat (1997)

In the central nervous system of rodents, the extracellular matrix glycoproteins tenascin-C and tenascin-R are expressed predominantly by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes respectively. Both molecules support neurite outgrowth from several neuronal cell types when presented as uniform substrates. When offered as a sharp boundary with a permissive substrate, however, both molecules prevent neurite elongation. On the basis of these observations it has been suggested that tenascin-C and tenascin-R may be relevant in determining the cellular response after injury in the adult rodent central nervous system. To investigate whether tenascin-C and tenascin-R may play important functional roles in the lesioned central nervous system, we have analysed their expression in the olivocerebellar system of the adult rat after 3-acetylpyridine-induced degeneration of nerve cells in the inferior olivary nucleus. Tenascin-C mRNA was not detectable at any time in the unlesioned or lesioned inferior olivary nucleus by in situ hybridization. In the cerebellar cortex, tenascin-C mRNA in Golgi epithelial cells was down-regulated 3 days after the lesion and returned to control values 80 days after the lesion. Tenascin-R mRNA was expressed by distinct neural cell types in the unlesioned olivocerebellar system. After a lesion, the density of cells containing tenascin-R transcripts increased significantly in the inferior olivary nucleus and in the white matter of the cerebellar cortex. Immunohistochemical and immunochemical investigations confirmed these observations at the protein level. Our data thus suggest differential functions of tenascin-C and tenascin-R in the injured central nervous system.
Propagation of the High Frequency Component Caused by the Impact on the Tooth. (1999)

The influence of mechanical stimulation on the human body is extremely important. It was hypothesized that if natural vibration of the tooth is propagated to other sites of the body, this stimulation willhave an effect on those sites as well. The purpose of this study was to investigate the propagation of naturalvibration of the tooth. The impact exerted on the tooth by repeated hard jaw tapping movement was recordedon the upper canine, and propagated vibrations were recorded at the chin, zygomatic bone, forehead, vertebraprominens and clavicula. An accelerometer was used to record the vibrations. Except for clavicula, naturalvibration of the tooth in all subjects was recorded. The amplitude and duration time of the propagatedvibration were found to be greatest at the chin, followed, in descending order, by the zygomatic bone, forehead, and vertebra prominens. The pattern of power spectrum varied between recording sites. These findingssuggested that natural vibration of the tooth may influence the functions of the cells in the head and neck, andthe influence will vary with distance from the teeth and differences in the structure between the tooth andpropagated sites.
Polish migration to the UK compared with migration elsewhere in Europe: a review of the literature (2015)

The migration of millions of Poles to other European countries since Poland's EU accession in 2004 has been researched intensively, but unevenly. The UK, which overtook Germany as the main receivin...
A test generation strategy for pairwise testing (2002)

Pairwise testing is a specification-based testing criterion which requires that for each pair of input parameters of a system, every combination of valid values of these two parameters be covered by at least one test case. The authors propose a novel test generation strategy for pairwise testing.
The UnMousePad (2009)

Multi-touch input has been an active area of research for over two decades but has always suffered from the absence of an easily available high quality touch input device. For this reason, exciting user interfaces developed in the lab have appeared on CNN, but not on everyone's desk, computer screens, table-tops, walls and floors. What has been needed - and lacking - is a better mousetrap; an inexpensive, flexible and sensitive touch imaging technology.
Wideband Acousto-Optic Bragg Cells (1981)

Wideband acousto-opt ic Bragg cell s play a key role in the real-time optical signal processors; e.g., the acousto-optic spectrm analyzers. The critical issue has been the relatively low diffraction efficiency of present state-of-the-art GHz bandwidth Bragg cells. This paper presents the recent progress of efficient wideband Bragg cell developments. Experimental results were obtained with a shear wave LiNb03 device and a longitudinal GaP device. Experimental results demonstrated at 0.633 micrometer include 3 dB bandwidth of 1 to 1.3 GHz and diffraction efficiencies of 3 to 20 percent per RF watt.
Architecture of an agent server capable of hosting tens of thousands of agents (2000)

No abstract available.
p-HFETs with GaAsSb channel (2003)

The initial results on the FET characteristics of pseudomorphic GaAsSb/AlGaAs p-HFETs (heterostructure FETs) on GaAs substrates are described. Curves showing the drain current versus drain voltage, gate current versus gate voltage, transconductance, and square root of drain current versus gate voltage are shown and discussed. The data confirm the improvement in gate characteristics due to an increased valence band discontinuity. The devices showed a large source resistance due to the recessed gate process utilized and the relatively low pinch-off voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
EPOS: Estimating 6D Pose of Objects With Symmetries (2020)

We present a new method for estimating the 6D pose of rigid objects with available 3D models from a single RGB input image. The method is applicable to a broad range of objects, including challenging ones with global or partial symmetries. An object is represented by compact surface fragments which allow handling symmetries in a systematic manner. Correspondences between densely sampled pixels and the fragments are predicted using an encoder-decoder network. At each pixel, the network predicts: (i) the probability of each object's presence, (ii) the probability of the fragments given the object's presence, and (iii) the precise 3D location on each fragment. A data-dependent number of corresponding 3D locations is selected per pixel, and poses of possibly multiple object instances are estimated using a robust and efficient variant of the PnP-RANSAC algorithm. In the BOP Challenge 2019, the method outperforms all RGB and most RGB-D and D methods on the T-LESS and LM-O datasets. On the YCB-V dataset, it is superior to all competitors, with a large margin over the second-best RGB method. Source code is at: cmp.felk.cvut.cz/epos.
Known and novel diversity approaches as a powerful means to enhance the performance of cellular mobile radio systems (1996)

The main requirements to be met by third generation mobile radio systems are high cellular spectrum efficiency and high flexibility. The authors focus on high cellular spectrum efficiency, which is difficult to achieve due to the time variance and frequency selectivity of the mobile radio channel and due to interference. It is known that the degrading effects of these adverse characteristics of the mobile radio channel and of interference can be mitigated by diversity. The way how diversity influences cellular spectrum efficiency is derived in general. As a reference point, the types of diversity used in GSM are analyzed. In GSM, the potential for diversity enhancement inherent in code-division multiple-access (CDMA) is not exploited. A joint detection code-division multiple-access (JD-CDMA) system concept aimed at third generation mobile radio systems has been proposed which introduces a CDMA feature into systems based on time-division multiple-access (TDMA) and frequency-division multiple-access (FDMA) like GSM and also advanced TDMA (ATDMA). The gains achievable by different types of diversity in GSM as well as in the JD-CDMA system concept are investigated. It is shown that considerable gains can be achieved by different types of antenna diversity and by exploiting the additional diversity potential of CDMA. Therefore, third generation standards should be flexible in order to allow the use of as many types of diversity as possible to enhance the cellular spectrum efficiency.
Experimental infections of mice and guinea pigs with Haemophilus parasuis. (1982)

The pathogenicity of Haemophilus parasuis for mice and guinea pigs was examined. Mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 2 X 10(7) to 2 X 10(9) organisms suspended in saline or in broth containing fresh yeast extract. Most of them survived after inoculation. Death occurred only in mice inoculated with 2 X 10(9) organisms suspended in broth. The recovery rate of H. parasuis from all the dead mice varied from 28.9% of the brains to 71.4% of the lungs. There were no lesions observed in any mouse, except one. Guinea pigs were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 X 10(8) to 1.6 X 10(10) organisms suspended in saline. Many of them died after showing septicemia and serofibrinous serositis, which were associated with purulent leptomeningitis or meningoencephalitis in some of them. H. parasuis was recovered abundantly from many organs, including the brain, in the guinea pigs. It was also recovered from guinea pigs inoculated with 1.8 X 10(9) organisms by various routes. Serositis was observed in guinea pigs inoculated intramuscularly or intrapulmonarily. These results suggested that guinea pigs might be available for investigation of the pathogenicity of H. parasuis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic FePt/Au Core/Shell Nanoparticles (2009)

We report a two-step chemical solution process for synthesis of FePt/Au core/shell nanoparticles. First, FePt nanoparticles were synthesized using a typical polyol process. The as-synthesized FePt nanoparticles were then used as seed materials and were coated with gold shells by reduction of the gold precursors. The coated nanoparticles have been characterized using various structural and morphological measurements to confirm the FePt/Au core/shell morphology. The as-synthesized FePt/Au nanoparticles were found to be superparamagnetic and became ferromagnetic after annealing at 400 °C. The surface modification of FePt/Au core/shell nanoparticles from hydrophobic to hydrophilic was achieved through ligand exchange to make them water dispersible for potential biomedical applications.
<title>Characteristics and applications of advanced technology microchannel plates</title> (1990)

A method for fabrication of novel thin-filrn continuous dynode electron multipliers is described. We have shown the feasibility of crucial manufacturing steps, including anisotropic dry etching of substrates into photolithographically-defined arrays of high-aspect-ratio channels, and the formation of thin-film continuous dynodes by chemical vapor deposition. We discuss potential performance and design advantages of this advanced technology microchannel plate (AT-MCP) over the conven tional reduced lead silicate glass inicrochannel plate (RLSG-'MCP) and implications for new applications.
Photo Retrieval Based on Spatial Layout with Hardware Acceleration for Mobile Devices (2011)

A new photo retrieval system for mobile devices is proposed. The system can be used to search for photos with similar spatial layouts efficiently, and it adopts an image segmentation algorithm that extracts features of image regions based on K-Means clustering. Since K-Means is computationally intensive for real-time applications and prone to generate clustering results with local optima, parallel hardware architectures are designed to meet the real-time requirement of the retrieval process. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm in the photo retrieval system obtains better mean average precision than other methods, and it is tested with image recognition problems. The robustness of the algorithm is also evaluated with noise and image blurring. Besides, the proposed K-Means hardware can provide a trade-off between the execution time and the retrieval performance on the software and hardware cosimulation platform. The contribution of this work is twofold. The first is the development of a photo retrieval framework for mobile devices, where a new texture feature is employed in the algorithm to enhance the retrieval performance. The other is the integration of the K-Means hardware accelerator and the photo retrieval system. The hardware architecture is analyzed, and the specifications are compared with previous works.
Serum metabolic signatures of primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis (2014)

In this study, we identified novel metabolic changes associated with cholestatic disease that were both consistent and different between PBC and PSC. Validation studies in larger patient cohorts are required to determine the utility of these biochemical markers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of patients with PBC and PSC.
Electronic states of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">BaPb</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Bi</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>in the semiconducting phase investigated by optical measurements (1987)

The semiconducting ${\mathrm{BaPb}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (0.35<x\ensuremath{\le}1) is investigated in detail by optical measurements. The optical spectrum shows that ${\mathrm{BaPb}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has a clear optical gap over the whole semiconducting compositional range. It is clearly shown by resonant Raman scattering measurements that the origin of this gap is a charge-density wave (CDW) accompanied by the breathing-mode distortion. No apparent effect of Pb substitution can be observed in the reflectivity spectra for the sample with x>0.7. For x\ensuremath{\le}0.7, the CDW gap decreases with x and simultaneously the absorption tail extends into the gap. This spectral behavior can be well interpreted in terms of the recently proposed theoretical model with emphasis on a local CDW and/or a substantial energy difference between Pb and Bi sites arising from the strong electron-phonon interaction. Thus it can be concluded that the strong electron-phonon interaction plays an essential role in the semiconducting phase of this material as well as in the metallic phase.
Reduction of Mass Bias and Matrix Effects in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with a Supplemental Electron Source in a Negative Extraction Lens (2000)

Electrons from a heated tungsten filament are created inside the extraction lens and driven out toward the skimmer. These electrons move through the ion path and reduce space charge effects between positive ions in the beam. The ion transmission efficiency is improved by factors of two (for Pb+) to 27 (for Li+). The greater sensitivity improvement for low-mass ions leads to a substantial reduction in mass bias. With the additional electrons, MO+/M+ and M2+/M+ abundance ratios increase but can be minimized with a small reduction in aerosol gas flow rate. No new background ions are observed with this technique. Matrix effects can be significantly diminished when the electron source is operated under the high electron current mode. The mass dependence of matrix-induced suppression of analyte signals is essentially eliminated. Using flow injection analysis to minimize solid deposition, the technique can tolerate Na matrix up to 10000 ppm (1%) with only approximately 15% loss of analyte sensitivity.
Speech-Based Information Retrieval for Digital Libraries (1997)

Libraries and archives collect recorded speech and multimedia objects that contain recorded speech, and such material may comprise a substantial portion of the collection in future digital libraries.Presently, access to most of this material is provided using a combination of manually annotated metadata and linear search.Recent advances in speech processing technology have produced a number of techniques for extracting features from recorded speech that could provide a useful basis for the retrieval of speech or multimedia objects in large digital library collections.Among these features are the semantic content of the speech, the identity of the speaker, and the language in which the speech was spoken.We propose to develop a graphical and auditory user interface for speech-based information retrieval that exploits these features to facilitate selection of recorded speech and multimedia information objects that include recorded speech.We plan to use that interface to evaluate the effectiveness and usability of alternative ways of exploiting those features and as a testbed for the evaluation of advanced retrieval techniques such as cross-language speech retrieval.
Active Vibration Control in a Rotor System by an Active Suspension with Linear Actuators (2014)

In this paper the problem of modeling, analysis and unbalance response control of a rotor system with two disks in anasymmetrical configuration is treated. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to get the system model including thegyroscopic effects and then, the obtained model is experimentally validated. Rotordynamic analysis is carried outusing the finite element model obtaining the Campbell diagram, the natural frequencies and the critical speeds of therotor system. An asymptotic observer is designed to estimate the full state vector which is used to synthesize a LinearQuadratic Regulator (LQR) to reduce the vibration amplitudes when the system passes through the first critical speed.Some numerical simulations are carried out to verify the closed-loop system behavior. The active vibration controlscheme is experimentally validated using an active suspension with electromechanical linear actuators, obtainingsignificant reductions in the resonant peak.
Effects of gold addition on recrystallization and grain growth of zone-refined aluminum (1969)

The effects of addition of a small amount of gold on the recrystallization and grain growth of zone-refined. aluminum were kinetically studied.At first, dependence of recrystallization behavior of pure aluminum on the purity (number of passes for zone refining) was examined and it was shown that the recrystallization temperature of pure aluminum was lowered with the rise of purity. It was further shown that the rate-controlling mechanism of grain boundary migration in high purity aluminum depended upon the driving force for the migration.In the primary recrystallization where the driving force was great, the activation energy for grain boundary migration (Q) was determined to be 13.6 kcal/mol; while, in the grain growth where the driving force was small, the energy (Q) was determined to be 29.1 kcal/mol.The low value of Q in the primary recrystallization strongly suggested that the grain boundary migration was closely connected with the fundamental process of atomic transfer across the boundaries. However, the higher value of Q in the grain growth indicated that it was controlled by the diffusion of foreign atoms even if their residual amount was as low as the order of a few ppm.Secondly, the effects of addition of gold on the recrystallization and grain boundary migretion of high purity aluminum were investigated. It was found that the addition of a small amount of gold remarkably raised the recrystallization temperature and that the activation energy for the grain growth attained to 44.052.0 kcal/mol when it contained a small amount of gold (0.0015 0.0065 at.%).According to the theory of Lücke et al., the results of the present experiments suggest that the binding energy between the gold atom and the grain boundary of pure aluminum is at least 12 kcal/mol. Such a high value of the energy cannot be explained by the elastic model taking into account of the difference in atomic radius between solvent and solute atoms. A chemical interaction between the gold atoms and the grain boundary was proposed on the assumption that the grain boundary was in a liquid state and the binding energy with the gold atoms was estimated to be about 5 kcal/mol from the temperature dependence of the distribution coefficient.
Flow cytofluorometric analysis of choriogonadotropin-like material on the surface of human and mouse malignant cells. (1987)

Quantitation by flow cytofluorometry of the distribution of human choriogonadotropin (hCG)-like material on the surface of various human and mouse tumor cells grown in tissue culture and as solid tumors has been done using fluorescein-tagged rabbit antisera (IgG fraction) to intact hCG and, in one experiment, by use of two monoclonal antibodies specific for hCG. Fibroblasts were used as a negative (nontumorigenic) cell control, and a rabbit antiserum to human hemoglobin was used as reagent control. All malignant cells tested stained more intensely with the anti-hCG serum than with the antihuman hemoglobin serum. Positive reaction with the monoclonal antibodies specific for hCG provided strong evidence that the material stained was identical to hCG. Heterogeneity of the expression of the hCG-like material was notable both within each cell line and between different cell lines. This heterogeneity was not associated with cell-cycle phase. 3T3 fibroblast-like cells in vitro were originally negative for hCG but acquired reactivity with anti-hCG serum after ten passages.
Cardinality estimation (2017)

Data preparation and data profiling comprise many both basic and complex tasks to analyze a dataset at hand and extract metadata, such as data distributions, key candidates, and functional dependencies. Among the most important types of metadata is the number of distinct values in a column, also known as the zeroth-frequency moment. Cardinality estimation itself has been an active research topic in the past decades due to its many applications. The aim of this paper is to review the literature of cardinality estimation and to present a detailed experimental study of twelve algorithms, scaling far beyond the original experiments. First, we outline and classify approaches to solve the problem of cardinality estimation - we describe their main idea, error-guarantees, advantages, and disadvantages. Our experimental survey then compares the performance all twelve cardinality estimation algorithms. We evaluate the algorithms' accuracy, runtime, and memory consumption using synthetic and real-world datasets. Our results show that different algorithms excel in different in categories, and we highlight their trade-offs.
Comparison of Electrophilic Amination Reagents for N-Amination of 2-Oxazolidinones and Application to Synthesis of Chiral Hydrazones (2002)

Comparison of several hydroxylamine-based electrophilic ammonia equivalents in the N-amination of 2-oxazolidinones revealed that O-(p-nitrobenzoyl)hydroxylamine (NbzONH(2)) and sodium hydride in dioxane is a superior reagent combination for this purpose. Practical preparations of a variety of chiral N-acylhydrazones by this method gave yields ranging from 45 to 95%. Methods for exchange or removal of the aldehyde component have been developed, making this a general route to chiral N-acylhydrazones of interest for asymmetric synthesis applications.