gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel fast approach for estimating error propagation in decision feedback detectors (2001)

The study of error-burst statistics is important for all detection systems, and more so for the decision feedback class. In data storage applications, many detection systems use decision feedback in one form or another. Fixed-delay tree search with decision feedback (FDTS/DF) and decision feedback equalization (DFE) are the direct forms, whereas the partial response detectors such as the reduced state sequence estimator (RSSE) and noise predictive maximum likelihood (NPML) detectors are the other forms. Although DF reduces the system complexity, it is inevitably linked with error propagation (EP), which can be quantified using error-burst statistics. Analytical evaluation of these statistics is difficult, if not impossible, because of the complexity of the problem. Hence, the usual practice is to use computer simulations. However, the computational time in traditional bit-by-bit simulations can be prohibitive at meaningful signal-to-noise ratios. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for fast estimation of error-burst statistics in FDTS/DF detectors, which is also applicable to other detection systems. In this approach, error events are initiated more frequently than natural by artificially injecting noise samples. These noise samples are generated using a transformation that results in significant reduction in computational complexity. Simulation studies show that the EP performance obtained by the proposed method matches closely with those obtained by bit-by-bit simulations, while saving as much as 99% of simulation time.
Development of Metal-doped Silica Membranes for Increased Hydrothermal Stability and Their Applications to Membrane Reactors for Steam Reforming of Methane (2011)

Hydrothermal stability is one of the most important technical challenges for hydrogen separation silica membranes. Metal doping into silica matrix was proposed, and it was found that Ni and Co were effective to improve the hydrothermal stability. Co-doped silica membranes showed a high permeance of 1.8 × 10−7 mol/(m2 · s · Pa) and H2/N2 permeance ratio of 730 with hydrothermal stability (500 °C, steam partial pressure 300 kPa). Using hydrothermally stable silica membranes, permeation properties of helium, hydrogen and water vapor were examined based on the activation energy of permeation. The activation energy of H2 permeation correlated well with the permeance ratio of He/H2. The permeance ratios of H2/H2O of silica membranes are always larger than unity, although the kinetic diameter of hydrogen (0.289 nm) is larger than that of water (0.265 nm). Silica membranes were applied to bimodal catalytic membranes, which consisted of microporous silica top layer for selective permeation of hydrogen and a bimodal catalytic support layer where catalysts such as Ni were impregnated inside a bimodal support consisting of mesopores (γ-alumina) and macropores (α-alumina). Increased performance for production of hydrogen was confirmed by catalytic membranes for steam reforming of methane.
Enseigner l'arbitrage (2007)

L?auteur pose les problemes des contenus d?enseignement dans le domaine de l?arbitrage et developpe une progression possible dans les cours d?EPS.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Cerebral Vasodilators via the TREK-1 Potassium Channel (2007)

Vessel occlusion is the most frequent cause for impairment of local blood flow within the brain resulting in neuronal damage and is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and especially alpha-linolenic acid improve brain resistance against cerebral ischemia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and particularly alpha-linolenic acid on the cerebral blood flow and on the tone of vessels that regulate brain perfusion. alpha-Linolenic acid injections increased cerebral blood flow and induced vasodilation of the basilar artery but not of the carotid artery. The saturated fatty acid palmitic acid did not produce vasodilation. This suggested that the target of the polyunsaturated fatty acids effect was the TREK-1 potassium channel. We demonstrate the presence of this channel in basilar but not in carotid arteries. We show that vasodilations induced by the polyunsaturated fatty acid in the basilar artery as well as the laser-Doppler flow increase are abolished in TREK-1(-/-) mice. Altogether these data indicate that TREK-1 activation elicits a robust dilation that probably accounts for the increase of cerebral blood flow induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid or docosahexanoic acid. They suggest that the selective expression and activation of TREK-1 in brain collaterals could play a significant role in the protective mechanisms of polyunsaturated fatty acids against stroke by providing residual circulation during ischemia.
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Is a Key Mediator of Breast Cancer Progression (2011)

Inflammation is a double-edged sword that can promote or suppress cancer progression. In this study, we report that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an IL-7-like type 1 inflammatory cytokine that is often associated with the induction of Th2-type allergic responses in the lungs, is also expressed in human and murine cancers. Our studies with murine cancer cells indicate that TSLP plays an essential role in cancer escape, as its inactivation in cancer cells alone was sufficient to almost completely abrogate cancer progression and lung metastasis. The cancer-promoting activity of TSLP primarily required signaling through the TSLP receptor on CD4(+) T cells, promoting Th2-skewed immune responses and production of immunosuppressive factors such as IL-10 and IL-13. Expression of TSLP therefore may be a useful prognostic marker, and its targeting could have therapeutic potential.
Silk fibroin/chitosan thin film promotes osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2018)

As a biodegradable polymer thin film, silk fibroin/chitosan composite film overcomes the defects of pure silk fibroin and chitosan films, respectively, and shows remarkable biocompatibility, appropriate hydrophilicity and mechanical properties. Silk fibroin/chitosan thin film can be used not only as metal implant coating for bone injury repair, but also as tissue engineering scaffold for skin, cornea, adipose, and other soft tissue injury repair. However, the biocompatibility of silk fibroin/chitosan thin film for mesenchymal stem cells, a kind of important seed cell of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, is rarely reported. In this study, silk fibroin/chitosan film was prepared by solvent casting method, and the rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the silk fibroin/chitosan thin film. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced, respectively. The proliferation ability, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation abilities of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were systematically compared between silk fibroin/chitosan thin film and polystyrene tissue culture plates. The results showed that silk fibroin/chitosan thin film not only provided a comparable environment for the growth and proliferation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells but also promoted their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. This work provided information of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells behavior on silk fibroin/chitosan thin film and extended the application of silk fibroin/chitosan thin film. Based on the results, we suggested that the silk fibroin/chitosan thin film could be a promising material for tissue engineering of bone, cartilage, adipose, and skin.
3-D Histomorphometry of the Normal and Early Glaucomatous Monkey Optic Nerve Head: Lamina Cribrosa and Peripapillary Scleral Position and Thickness (2007)

Profound fixed posterior deformation and thickening of the lamina are accompanied by mild posterior deformation and thinning of the scleral flange and peripapillary sclera at the onset of confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT)-detected ONH surface change in young adult monkey eyes with early experimental glaucoma.
On Holy Wars and a Plea for Peace (1981)

Which bit should travel first? The bit from the big end or the bit from the little end? Can a war between Big Endians and Little Endians be avoided?
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION IN BURNED PATIENTS (1973)

McMANUS, WILLIAM F. M.D.; EURENIUS, KARL M.D.; MC, Major; PRUITT, BASIL A. Jr., M.D.; MC, Colonel Author Information
MEMS energy harvester for wireless biosensors (2010)

This paper reports a motion energy harvester integrated with a battery-less wireless transmitter, and the successful transmission of low power pulses representing sensor data. An electrostatic harvester, primed by voltage representing sensor data, delivers output pulses to a resonant transmitter with an integrated antenna. This is the first ever reported demonstration, to our knowledge, of wireless sensor transmission solely powered by MEMS energy harvesting devices.
Some New Fumaric Acid Derivatives. Preparation of Mixed Fumarates and Thiolfumarates (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome New Fumaric Acid Derivatives. Preparation of Mixed Fumarates and ThiolfumaratesPAUL G. CAMPBELL, GENE SUMRELL, and CHARLES H. SCHRAMMCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 3, 697–700Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01062a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01062a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views368Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fundamentals of expanded tissue (1991)

The relatively recent advent of tissue expansion for medical purposes precludes the availability of extensive knowledge concerning the physiologic and histologic changes that occur during controlled expansion of the skin. This paper reviews the basic science and clinical research that has been conducted to investigate the changes and summarizes the findings. It can be concluded that flaps harvested from skin previously expanded have an improved survival rate compared to similar flaps developed in nonexpanded skin. Increased vascularity to either the skin, the capsule that forms around the expander, or both probably in some way accounts for the improved survival. Controlled expansion of the skin results in the creation of additional new skin at the expense of thinning the dermis and subcutis. This thinning is associated with an overall decrease in tensile strength of the expanded skin. The increase in surface area gained from skin expansion probably varies according to the type of skin expanded and the underlying tissues that serve as a foundation for the expander.
Vapor Phase Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of Ga<sub>1-<i>y</i></sub>In<sub><i>y</i></sub>As<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>P<sub><i>x</i></sub>Quaternary Alloys (1977)

Epitaxial layers of Ga1-yInyAs1-xPx alloys have been grown on GaAs substrates using an AsH3-PH3-Ga-In-HCl-H2 chemical vapor deposition system. The influence of mole ratios Ga/(Ga+In) and P/(As+P) in the input gas stream on the alloy composition of epitaxial layers has been investigated. As for the group V elements, the deposition probabilities of As and P species in gas phase are approximately equal for small y, but As deposition appears to become dominant for large y. As for group III elements, Ga is always incorporated more preferentially than In. The lattice constant of the quaternary alloys is ascertained to obey Vegard's law and the composition dependence of the bandgap, obtained from photoluminescence measurements, is compared with an interpolation formula, derived by use of the bowing parameters of ternary alloys.
Preventing diet-induced obesity in mice by adipose tissue transformation and angiogenesis using targeted nanoparticles (2016)

The incidence of obesity, which is recognized by the American Medical Association as a disease, has nearly doubled since 1980, and obesity-related comorbidities have become a major threat to human health. Given that adipose tissue expansion and transformation require active growth of new blood vasculature, angiogenesis offers a potential target for the treatment of obesity-associated disorders. Here we construct two peptide-functionalized nanoparticle (NP) platforms to deliver either Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activator rosiglitazone (Rosi) or prostaglandin E2 analog (16,16-dimethyl PGE2) to adipose tissue vasculature. These NPs were engineered through self-assembly of a biodegradable triblock polymer composed of end-to-end linkages between poly(lactic-coglycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) and an endothelial-targeted peptide. In this system, released Rosi promotes both transformation of white adipose tissue (WAT) into brown-like adipose tissue and angiogenesis, which facilitates the homing of targeted NPs to adipose angiogenic vessels, thereby amplifying their delivery. We show that i.v. administration of these NPs can target WAT vasculature, stimulate the angiogenesis that is required for the transformation of adipose tissue, and transform WAT into brown-like adipose tissue, by the up-regulation of angiogenesis and brown adipose tissue markers. In a diet-induced obese mouse model, these angiogenesis-targeted NPs have inhibited body weight gain and modulated several serological markers including cholesterol, triglyceride, and insulin, compared with the control group. These findings suggest that angiogenesis-targeting moieties with angiogenic stimulator-loaded NPs could be incorporated into effective therapeutic regimens for clinical treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases.
Determination of Nitroaromatic Compounds in Air Samples at Femtogram Level Using C<sub>18</sub>Membrane Sampling and On-Line Extraction with LC−MS (2003)

This paper explores the use of C18 solid-phase extraction membranes for sampling very low concentrations of nitroaromatic compounds in the atmosphere. After sampling, analytes trapped in the membrane are desorbed on-line directly by a chromatographic mobile phase. The analytes are then separated onto a porous graphitic carbon (PGC) HPLC column. Finally, they are analyzed by an LC-MS/MS detector equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface. The method was validated by controlled exposure of the membranes to standard gaseous mixtures of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). The developed method was fully characterized, and no breakthrough was observed when sampling volumes up to 9.2 m3. Analyses of membranes following medium- and long-term storage demonstrated that samples could be stored on the C18 membranes without degradation or losses. In addition, the results obtained with this technique were compared with those obtained by a gas chromatographic method in which analytes were collected on Tenax TA and thermally desorbed. The developed method allows sampling at flow rates of 15 L/min and has method detection limits in the femtogram/liter range, with a relative standard deviation lower than 10%. An additional advantage of this method is that it separates most of the TNT and DNT isomers, as demonstrated by applying the method to the analysis of headspace over military-grade TNT explosives.
Biomimetic self-assembly of a functional asymmetrical electronic device (2002)

This paper introduces a biomimetic strategy for the fabrication of asymmetrical, three-dimensional electronic devices modeled on the folding of a chain of polypeptide structural motifs into a globular protein. Millimeter-size polyhedra-patterned with logic devices, wires, and solder dots-were connected in a linear string by using flexible wire. On self-assembly, the string folded spontaneously into two domains: one functioned as a ring oscillator, and the other one as a shift register. This example demonstrates that biomimetic principles of design and self-organization can be applied to generate multifunctional electronic systems of complex, three-dimensional architecture.
Recombinant Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen 1 (P30) expressed in Escherichia coli is recognized by human Toxoplasma-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies (1996)

The immunodominant surface antigen of Toxoplasma gondii, surface antigen 1 (SAG1), was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein containing a majority of the SAG1 protein supplied with six histidyl residues in the N-terminal end. The recombinant protein was purified on a Ni-chelate column and then on a fast-performance liquid chromatography column and was in a nonreduced condition. It was recognized by T. gondii-specific human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies as well as by a mouse monoclonal antibody (S13) recognizing only nonreduced native SAG1. Antibodies induced in mice by the recombinant SAG1 recognized native SAG1 from the T. gondii RH isolate in culture. Recombinant SAG1 is suitable for use in diagnostic systems for detecting anti-SAG1-specific IgG and IgM antibodies.
Natural dyes from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates (2018)

Wheat straw has been hydrolyzed in two different conditions, namely subcritical water and 100 °C boiled water, and the hydrolysates obtained are used to dye wool yarns. The wool samples are pretreated with three types of mordants before dyeing with wheat straw hydrolysates. Irrespective of the metal types used in pretreatment process, subcritical water hydrolysate always results in same color in dyeing process. However, three colors are obtained for each mordant when 100 °C boiled water is used as a dyeing reagent. The effect of the total phenolic contents of the hydrolysates on color development has also been evaluated. The total phenolic and sugar contents of subcritical water hydrolysate are found higher and the dyeing performance of this hydrolysate is better than the 100 °C boiled water hydrolysate. Light and wash fastness of dyed wools are also assessed. Light and wash fastness tests result in 3-4 and 4-5 rating respectively.
The Inhibition and Treatment of Breast Cancer with Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP-1) Inhibitors (2006)

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are responsible for most familial breast carcinomas. Recent reports carried out in non-cancerous mouse BRCA1- or BRCA2-deficient embryonic stem (ES) cells, and hamster BRCA2-deficient cells have demonstrated that the targeted inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) kills BRCA mutant cells with high specificity. Although these studies bring hope for BRCA mutation carriers, the effectiveness of PARP-1 inhibitors for breast cancer remains elusive. Here we present the first in vivo demonstration of PARP-1 activity in BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors and describe the effects of PARP-1 inhibitors (AG14361, NU1025, and 3-aminobenzamide) on BRCA1-deficient ES cells, mouse and human breast cancer cells. AG14361 was highly selective for BRCA1-/- ES cells; however, NU1025 and 3-aminobenzamide were relatively non-selective. In allografts of naïve ES BRCA1-/- cells there was either partial or complete remission of tumors. However, in allografts of mouse, BRCA1-/- mammary tumors, there was no tumor regression or remission although a partial inhibition of tumor growth was observed in both the BRCA1-/- and BRCA1+/+ allografts. In human tumor cells, PARP-1 inhibitors showed no difference in vitro in limiting the growth of mammary tumors irrespective of their BRCA1 status. These results suggest that PARP-1 inhibitors may non-specifically inhibit the growth of mammary tumors.
Flexible robot platform for sample preparation automation with a user-friendly interface (2016)

Robots play a vital role in life science automations. This paper is to present an industrial dual-arm robot platform used to transfer sample preparation processes from the manual to automated ones, with a user-friendly interface for designing the processes. Due to its two multi-axis arms, the robot is flexible to handle various tools, such as pipettes, syringes, vials, microplates, thermoshakers or ultrasonic machines, which are identical to manually used tools. This endows the platform with the potential of “copying” (without major changing, most parts keeping the same) multi manual processes to automated ones. However, the complexity of programming for industrial robots is one of the major barriers preventing automation and limiting flexibility, especially for an industrial dual-arm robot. In this paper, a flexible and easy-to-use software system has been developed for the robot platform, which consists of three parts: (1) a user interface software, (2) robot programs and (3) an interface program. Finally, an automated process of sample preparation for determining cholesterol by the dual-arm robot has been described. And prepared samples by the robot had been analyzed by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instrument, with the coefficient of variance being below 10%.
Software secretaries: learning and negotiating personal assistants for the daily office work (2002)

Software Secretaries are office automation systems that provide assistance in managing work-related activities, in much the same way as human secretaries. This concept seems clearly attractive, since such software could make available to everyone within an organization the kind of secretarial assistance that is presently available only to a small fraction of workers. In order to behave similar to human secretaries, such software packages need two major features: 1) the agents must be able to negotiate, because most office tasks contain interaction among several people; and 2) the agents must be able to learn to adapt to their users idiosyncrasies and the specific workflows that can differ substantially from organization to organization. Mechanisms for negotiation and learning have been included in agents for calendar and room management (CAP, CAP II and RAP) that are described in this paper. In addition, the architectural considerations are presented on how to systematically bundle different agents to yield a software secretary package.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A modular and efficient past state system for Berkeley DB (2014)

Applications often need to analyze past states to predict trends and support audits. Adding efficient and nondisruptive support for consistent past-state analysis requires after-the-fact modification of the data store, a significant challenge for today's systems. This paper describes Retro, a new system for supporting consistent past state analysis in Berkeley DB. The key novelty of Retro is an efficient yet simple and robust implementation method, imposing 4% worst-case overhead. Unlike prior approaches, Retro protocols, backed by a formal specification, extend standard transaction protocols in a modular way, requiring minimal data store modification (about 250 lines of BDB code).