gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AUTOMATED VALIDATION OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AMPLICON MELTING CURVES (2006)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a fundamental tool of molecular biology. Quantitative PCR is the gold-standard methodology for determination of DNA copy numbers, quantitating transcription, and numerous other applications. A major barrier to large-scale application of PCR for quantitative genomic analyses is the current requirement for manual validation of individual PCRs to ensure generation of a single product. This typically requires visual inspection either of gel electrophoreses or temperature dissociation ("melting") curves of individual PCRs--a time-consuming and costly process. Here we describe a robust computational solution to this fundamental problem. Using a training set of 10 080 reactions comprising multiple quantitative PCRs from each of 1728 unique human genomic amplicons, we developed a support vector machine classifier capable of discriminating single-product PCRs with better than 99% accuracy. This approach has broad utility, and eliminates a major bottleneck to widespread application of PCR for high-throughput genomic applications.
Automated procedures for the quantitation of protein. (1994)

An entirely automated 96-well microplate-based system to perform procedures for the measurement of protein is described. This single instrument system utilizes a series of computer-controlled mechanical subsystems to move the plate, control incubations and dispense samples or reagents in order to perform the assay. This system allows the investigator to reproducibly perform these protein assays on large numbers of biological samples with minimal effort.
Performance of multiuser zero-forcing and MMSE decision-feedback detectors for CDMA channels (2002)

We consider interference rejection for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) channels using decision-feedback detectors. Performance of zero-forcing and the minimum mean square error (MMSE) multiuser decision-feedback detectors is studied, and the full and partial feedback approaches are investigated. We also derive the maximum-likelihood detector based on the white noise CDMA channel model. Comparison among the decision-feedback detectors, the two-stage receivers, the conventional detector, and the linear decorrelating detector is undertaken for a four-user bandwidth-efficient asynchronous CDMA channel. We find that the decision-feedback detectors compare favorably to other suboptimal methods and maintain good performance under diverse channel conditions. This conclusion is further strengthened by performance analysis of the decision-feedback detector for a two-user synchronous CDMA flat Rayleigh fading channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Numerical analysis of strained SiGe-based carrier-injection optical modulators (2012)

Strain effect on SiGe-based carrier-injection optical modulators is numerically investigated. Owing to enhancement in free-carrier absorption of strained SiGe, SiGe-based pin-junction optical modulator is predicted to exhibit the 4.7× enhancement of free-carrier absorption against Si.
Cobalt–Rhodium Heterobimetallic Nanoparticle-Catalyzed N-Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols to Secondary and Tertiary Amines (2018)

Without the requirement for base or other additives, Co<sub>2</sub>Rh<sub>2</sub>/C can selectively catalyze both mono- and bis-N-alkylation through the coupling of simple alcohols with amines, yielding a range of secondary and tertiary amines in good to excellent isolated yields. The reaction can be applied to benzyl alcohol with optically active 1-phenylethan-1-amines, and secondary amines were isolated in quantitative yields with an excellent enantiomeric excess (ee > 94%). Selectivity is achieved by varying the reaction temperature and amount of catalyst used. This catalytic system has several advantages including eco-friendliness and a simple workup procedure. The catalyst can be successfully recovered and reused ten times without any significant loss of activity.
On the Equivalence of Lagrangian and Newton-Euler Dynamics for Manipulators (1982)

Recently, there has been considerable interest in efficient formulations of manipulator dynamics. The inefficiency of the classic Lagrangian formulation is well known, leading several researchers to a new formulation based on the Newton-Euler equations. This formulation is highly ef ficient, but there may be some confusion as to the source of this efficiency. This paper shows that there is in fact no fundamental difference in computational efficiency between Lagrangian and Newton-Euler formulations. The efficiency of the above-mentioned Newton-Euler formula tion is due to two factors: the recursive structure of the computation and the representation chosen for the rota tional dynamics. Both of these factors can be achieved in a Lagrangian formulation. Recursive Lagrangian dy namics has been discussed previously by Hollerbach. This paper compares the representations that have been used and shows that with a proper choice the Lagrangian formulation is indeed equivalent to the Newton-Euler formulation.
Controlling the Shapes of Silver Nanocrystals with Different Capping Agents (2010)

This paper provides direct evidence to support the role of a capping agent in controlling the evolution of Ag seeds into nanocrystals with different shapes. Starting with single-crystal seeds (spherical or cubic in shape), we could selectively obtain Ag octahedrons enclosed by {111} facets and nanocubes/nanobars enclosed by {100} facets by adding sodium citrate (Na3CA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), respectively, as a capping agent while all other parameters were kept the same. This research not only offers new insights into the role played by a capping agent in shape-controlled synthesis but also provides, for the first time, Ag octahedrons as small as 40 nm in edge length for optical and spectroscopic studies.
Modulation of Citrate Metabolism Alters Aluminum Tolerance in Yeast and Transgenic Canola Overexpressing a Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase (2003)

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major constraint for crop production in acid soils, although crop cultivars vary in their tolerance to Al. We have investigated the potential role of citrate in mediating Al tolerance in Al-sensitive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae; MMYO11) and canola (Brassica napus cv Westar). Yeast disruption mutants defective in genes encoding tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, both upstream (citrate synthase [CS]) and downstream (aconitase [ACO] and isocitrate dehydrogenase [IDH]) of citrate, showed altered levels of Al tolerance. A triple mutant of CS (Deltacit123) showed lower levels of citrate accumulation and reduced Al tolerance, whereas Deltaaco1- and Deltaidh12-deficient mutants showed higher accumulation of citrate and increased levels of Al tolerance. Overexpression of a mitochondrial CS (CIT1) in MMYO11 resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in citrate levels, and the transformants showed enhanced Al tolerance. A gene for Arabidopsis mitochondrial CS was overexpressed in canola using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated system. Increased levels of CS gene expression and enhanced CS activity were observed in transgenic lines compared with the wild type. Root growth experiments revealed that transgenic lines have enhanced levels of Al tolerance. The transgenic lines showed enhanced levels of cellular shoot citrate and a 2-fold increase in citrate exudation when exposed to 150 micro M Al. Our work with yeast and transgenic canola clearly suggest that modulation of different enzymes involved in citrate synthesis and turnover (malate dehydrogenase, CS, ACO, and IDH) could be considered as potential targets of gene manipulation to understand the role of citrate metabolism in mediating Al tolerance.
Interferon Beta-1b for the Treatment of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (2011)

Modest but beneficial effects of interferon beta-1b on clinical variables and brain atrophy development were observed 5 years after trial termination. Moreover, in-trial lesion activity correlated with EDSS progression after trial termination. Therefore, we provide evidence to consider immunomodulation as a sensible approach to treat primary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Luminescent platinum(<scp>II</scp>) complexes. Electronic spectroscopy of platinum(<scp>II</scp>) complexes of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy) and p-substituted phenylterpyridines and crystal structure of [Pt(terpy)CI][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>] (1993)

The complexes [Pt(terpy)L′]n+(terpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine; L′= Cl, Br, I, N3 or SCN–, n= 1; L′= NH3, n= 2) have been prepared and their spectroscopic and emission properties studied. Absorption bands are found at 300–350 and at 370–450 nm, which are assigned to the intraligand and metal-to-ligand change-transfer (m.l.c.t.) transitions, respectively. The complexes [Pt(4′R-terpy)Cl]ClO4(R′= C6H4OMe-p,C6H4Me-p, C6H4Br-p or C6H4CN-p) were prepared by the reaction of K2[PtCl4] with 4′R-terpy in water–MeCN. Unlike [Pt(terpy)L′]n+ which show emission in the solid state only, [Pt(4′R-terpy)Cl]+ display 3m.l.c.t. emission in fluid solution at room temperature. The crystal structure of [Pt(terpy)Cl][CF3SO3] has been determined: monoclinic, space group P21/n, a= 13.808(4), b= 6.873(1), c= 19.477(5)Å, β= 105.54(2)°, and Z= 4. In the unit cell, two [Pt(terpy)Cl]+ cations stack in a head-to-tail fashion with an intermolecular Pt ⋯ Pt distance of 3.329(1)Å. The solid-state emission of [Pt(terpy)Cl][CF3SO3] is similar to that of the 3(dσ*πb) emission of the dinuclear complex [Pt2(terpy)2L][ClO4]3(L = guadinate) having intramolecular Pt ⋯ Pt separations of 3.090(1) and 3.071(1)Å.
Integrated potentiostat for neurotransmitter sensing (2005)

We have presented a chemical analysis paradigm for neurochemical studies, as opposed to the traditional electrophysiological regime. We described electrochemical analysis and the instrumentation involved in doing such analysis. The article presents the design and characterization of a 16-channel, high-sensitivity, wide-range VLSI potentiostat. We demonstrate the use of this potentiostat in real-time in vitro monitoring of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
A hybrid adaptive droop control technique with embedded DC-bus voltage regulation for single-phase microgrids (2017)

This paper presents a novel hybrid adaptive droop controller to simultaneously regulate both the AC-side and DC-side parameters for power electronic converters in single-phase Microgrids. The main contribution of this paper is to integrate the AC-side and DC-side controllers. Unlike previously presented control schemes, where the DC-bus is considered as an infinite bus or constant voltage bus, the proposed control method incorporates the dynamics of the DC-side while regulating voltage and frequency at the AC-side. Designing the control scheme in single-phase is challenging due to the existence of double-frequency ripples in DC-bus voltage and converter output active/reactive power signals. In order to improve the transient performance of the proposed controller, two adaptive estimators have been used to estimate the real-time values of DC-bus voltage and output active/reactive power signals without the need to add low-pass filters. This controller can provide a tightly regulated voltage required for critical loads in MGs while improving the transient response in both DC and AC side. Simulation and experimental results in a single-phase islanded Microgrid show the superior performance of the proposed control scheme in regulating the desired parameters in AC and DC side in comparison with the conventional droop-based controllers.
The effects of gabapentin and memantine in acquired and congenital nystagmus: a retrospective study (2006)

Gabapentin and memantine may be effective in acquired nystagmus secondary to MS. To the authors' knowledge this is the first series of patients showing that gabapentin is effective in improving nystagmus in congenital nystagmus/nystagmus associated with ocular pathology. Memantine may be useful as an alternative drug in treating patients with nystagmus.
A buffering layer to support derived types and proprietary networks for Java HPC (2007)

MPJ Express is our implementation of MPI-like bindings
 for Java. In this paper we discuss our intermediate buffering layer
 that makes use of the so-called direct byte buffers introduced in the
 Java New I/O package. The purpose of this layer is to support the implementation of
 derived datatypes. MPJ Express is the first Java messaging library that
 implements this feature using pure Java. In addition, this buffering
 layer allows efficient implementation of communication devices based on
 proprietary networks such as Myrinet. In this paper we evaluate the performance of our
 buffering layer and demonstrate the usefulness of direct byte buffers.
 Also, we evaluate the performance of MPJ Express against other messaging
 systems using Myrinet and show that our buffering layer has made it possible
 to avoid the overheads suffered by other Java systems such as mpiJava
 that relies on the Java Native Interface.
Alkaloids and Polyketides from <i>Penicillium citrinum</i>, an Endophyte Isolated from the Moroccan Plant <i>Ceratonia siliqua</i> (2013)

The endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum was isolated from a fresh stem of the Moroccan plant Ceratonia siliqua. Extracts of P. citrinum grown on rice and white bean media yielded five new compounds, namely, citriquinochroman (1), tanzawaic acids G and H (2 and 3), 6-methylcurvulinic acid (4), 8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisoquinolin-6-ol (5), and one new natural product, 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydroquinolactacide (6), which had previously been described as a synthetic compound. In addition, 13 known compounds including seven alkaloids and six polyketides were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously determined on the basis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Citriquinochroman (1) features a new skeleton, consisting of quinolactacide and (3S)-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman linked by a C-C bond. 1,2,3,11b-Tetrahydroquinolactacide (6) may be a biogenetic precursor of quinolactacide. Citriquinochroman (1) showed cytotoxicity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y cell line with an IC50 value of 6.1 μM, while the other compounds were inactive (IC50 >10 μM) in this assay.
Potentiation of hyperthermia in a murine tumour by metabolic inhibitors rhodamine 123 and 2-deoxy-D-glucose or 5-thio-D-glucose (1992)

Rhodamine 123 injected into mice on 3 days consecutively before a single hyperthermia treatment (45 degrees C for 15 min) potentiated hyperthermia as evidenced by an increased mean tumour growth delay of a transplantable murine mammary adenocarcinoma (MTG-B). Addition of three daily injections of either 2-deoxy-D-glucose, or 5-thio-D-glucose, coordinated with the rhodamine 123, and administered before hyperthermia, resulted in an additional tumour growth delay, but not large enough to suggest an additional significant interaction between the two drugs and heat. This effect was obtained using doses of the glucose analogues which did not potentiate therapeutically when combined with heat without rhodamine 123. On the third day of treatments, rhodamine 123 or 5-thio-D-glucose, or the two drugs together, 60 min before heating, produced a longer growth delay compared with each combination treatment with drugs administered 15 min before heating. However, this effect was not significant. Results of these experiments suggest that in this murine tumour thermopotentiation can be attained by combining these two classes of metabolic inhibitors with hyperthermia.
Angiogenesis Potential of Human Limbal Stromal Niche Cells (2012)

Human limbal NCs continuously expanded on the basement membrane differentiate into angiogenesis progenitors that prevent differentiation of LEPC/SCs. They may partake in formation of the vascular niche and contribute to angiogenesis during wound healing.
Analogs of Pteroylglutamic Acid. IX. Derivatives with Substituents on the Benzene Ring<sup>1</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalogs of Pteroylglutamic Acid. IX. Derivatives with Substituents on the Benzene Ring1Donna B. Cosulich, Doris R. Seeger, Marvin J. Fahrenbach, Kenneth H. Collins, Barbara Roth, Martin E. Hultquist, and James M. Smith Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 19, 4675–4680Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01115a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01115a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oral History of American Science: A Forty-Year Review (2003)

L'A. retrace une retrospective des projets interwieves et archives de l'histoire des sciences modernes en se limitant a l'Amerique du Nord et aux developpements scientifiques du XX e siecle
Primary and secondary hydroxyl group content of polypropylene glycols (1962)

Abstract When propylene oxide is polymerized or when it is added onto an alcohol or phenol, the terminal hydroxyl groups can be of primary or secondary types, depending on how the epoxide ring opens. The nature of the terminal hydroxyl group becomes important if the polyglycol ether is reacted further, as in the case of polyurethane foams. The primary hydroxyl group reacts much more rapidly with isocyanates than the secondary hydroxyl group, and hence the performance of the polyglycol varies with the ratio of primary to secondary hydroxyl group content. An analytical method has been developed to differentiate the primary from the secondary hydroxyl groups on polypropylene glycol, and a study was made of the variation in the ratios of the two hydroxyl types versus molecular weight of the polyglycol and versus other chemical treatments to which the polyglycol was exposed.
Application design within the system for business automation (SBA) (1975)

The system for business automation provides a new design methodology with which business applications can be automated by non-professional programmers onto a computer. This methodology retains the users manual perception of his application, it allows a gradual automation of the application, each application within a business system can be designed with only local knowledge of the business, and frames of reference are provided within which the application is designed.
Desensitization to Local Action of Antigen (Arthus Phenomenon) (1924)

Abstract Sensitization to the local action of protein may be transferred to a normal animal by injecting the serum of an animal which has received repeated injections of the antigen. This observation may be explained by the assumption that the serum of the immunized animal contains an antibody upon which the local reaction (Arthus phenomenon) depends. Analogy with other reactions in which antigen and antibody are concerned suggests the possibility that saturation of the antibody with antigen may obliterate the phenomenon. Attempts have been made to desensitize animals which as the result of immunization exhibit acute inflammation and necrosis when injected with the antigen employed for immunization. No desensitization of rabbits repeatedly injected with horse serum was observed by Knox, Moss and Brown (1) when they injected intravenously or into the peritoneum large quantities (5 to 10 cc.) of horse serum. An intradermal injection of the antigen made within twenty-four hours after administration of the massive dose never failed to produce a definite local reaetion. Grineff (2), on the contrary, states that egg white injected into the ear vein of rabbits immunized by 4 injections of egg white prevented the subcutaneous edematous infiltration and necrosis of the skin which otherwise occurs on introduction of the antigen.
The role of PR-Set7 in replication licensing depends on Suv4-20h (2012)

PR-Set7 is the sole monomethyltransferase responsible for H4K20 monomethylation (H4K20me1) that is the substrate for further methylation by Suv4-20h1/h2. PR-Set7 is required for proper cell cycle progression and is subject to degradation by the CRL4(Cdt2) ubiquitin ligase complex as a function of the cell cycle and DNA damage. This report demonstrates that PR-Set7 is an important downstream effector of CRL4(Cdt2) function during origin of DNA replication licensing, dependent on Suv4-20h1/2 activity. Aberrant rereplication correlates with decreased levels of H4K20me1 and increased levels of H4K20 trimethylation (H4K20me3). Expression of a degradation-resistant PR-Set7 mutant in the mouse embryo that is normally devoid of Suv4-20 does not compromise development or cell cycle progression unless Suv4-20h is coexpressed. PR-Set7 targeting to an artificial locus results in recruitment of the origin recognition complex (ORC) in a manner dependent on Suv4-20h and H4K20me3. Consistent with this, H4K20 methylation status plays a direct role in recruiting ORC through the binding properties of ORC1 and ORCA/LRWD1. Thus, coordinating the status of H4K20 methylation is pivotal for the proper selection of DNA replication origins in higher eukaryotes.
High Strain Composites (2015)

This review paper provides an introduction to high strain composites, a field of research that encompasses structures that undergo large deformations through composite materials capable of large strains. Unique qualities of the field are defined and its history is presented from beginnings in deformable metallic structures to current high strain composites using carbon fibers. High strain composites are presented as two classes: those with relatively stiff matrix materials and those with soft or softenable matrix materials. For each class, a survey and references are provided for materials, testing, mechanics, and examples of past structures. While there are broader applications, the paper focuses on high strain composites used in deployable space structures.
Two-dimensional modeling of a surface type alternating current plasma display panel cell: discharge dynamics and address voltage effects (2001)

To improve the luminance and efficiency of an alternating current plasma display panel, the direct measurement of infrared and vacuum ultra violet (VUV) imaging is performed to study discharge dynamics. Images show two emission regions. One is the cathode glow and the other is the anode glow. In the course of discharge cycle, the cathode glow propagates toward the outer edge of the electrode, while the anode glow does not propagate. We developed a two-dimensional model to simulate the time evolution of the discharge dynamics. We learned from the modeling results that the dominant role for the propagation of the cathode glow is the ion transport and the electron transport for the anode glow. In addition, the effects of address voltage on the luminance and efficiency are investigated during the sustain period. When the address electrode is floating, VUV output is larger than that of biased conditions, but the efficiency decreases slightly. The comparison of 100 V with 0 V bias shows that biased voltage does not affect the luminance and efficiency at the steady state.