gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMATION TO PROTOTROPHY AND POLYGLUTAMIC ACID SYNTHESIS IN <i>BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS</i> (1964)

Leonard, C. Gomez (U.S. Army Biological Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), D. K. Mattheis, M. J. Mattheis, and R. D. Housewright. Transformation to prototrophy and polyglutamic acid synthesis in Bacillus licheniformis. J. Bacteriol. 88:220-225. 1964.-Growth conditions necessary for transformation to prototrophy of 14 auxotrophs of Bacillus licheniformis were studied. The unexpected finding of different growth requirements by each auxotroph for the development of transformable cells is discussed. Under optimal growth conditions for a serine-deficient mutant transformation frequencies of 0.1% were obtained. A medium for transformation of competent cells in liquid suspensions is described. In addition, this report presents evidence for the transformation of three nonencapsulated mutants of B. licheniformis for the ability to synthesize polyglutamic acid (capsular material).
Putative ABC Transporter Responsible for Acetic Acid Resistance in <i>Acetobacter aceti</i> (2006)

Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of the membrane fraction of Acetobacter aceti revealed the presence of several proteins that were produced in response to acetic acid. A 60-kDa protein, named AatA, which was mostly induced by acetic acid, was prepared; aatA was cloned on the basis of its NH2-terminal amino acid sequence. AatA, consisting of 591 amino acids and containing ATP-binding cassette (ABC) sequences and ABC signature sequences, belonged to the ABC transporter superfamily. The aatA mutation with an insertion of the neomycin resistance gene within the aatA coding region showed reduced resistance to acetic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, and lactic acid, whereas the aatA mutation exerted no effects on resistance to various drugs, growth at low pH (adjusted with HCl), assimilation of acetic acid, or resistance to citric acid. Introduction of plasmid pABC101 containing aatA under the control of the Escherichia coli lac promoter into the aatA mutant restored the defect in acetic acid resistance. In addition, pABC101 conferred acetic acid resistance on E. coli. These findings showed that AatA was a putative ABC transporter conferring acetic acid resistance on the host cell. Southern blot analysis and subsequent nucleotide sequencing predicted the presence of aatA orthologues in a variety of acetic acid bacteria belonging to the genera Acetobacter and Gluconacetobacter. The fermentation with A. aceti containing aatA on a multicopy plasmid resulted in an increase in the final yield of acetic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Dimensional Carbon Materials for Applications in Mass and Energy Transport (2014)

Abstract Review: 93 refs.
Algorithm for Detecting the Number of Transmit Antennas in MIMO-OFDM Systems: Receiver Integration (2008)

Knowledge of the channel between all transmit-receive antenna pairs is essential for enabling the decoupling of spatial streams and coherent data detection in wireless MIMO-OFDM systems. The design of the preamble structure for MIMO channel estimation in an ad-hoc system depends on the number of transmit antennas in the system. A challenge at the receiver is therefore to accurately detect the number of transmit antennas in order to perform MIMO channel estimation. In this contribution we extend our previous algorithm for detecting the number of transmit antennas as presented in Ohlmer et al. (2008) and show how to integrate this algorithm in a typical receiver flow. Results show that our algorithm can be successfully applied in a realistic system if the unavoidable synchronization inaccuracies are carefully taken into account.
Genome-Scale Analysis of the Uses of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Genome: Model-Driven Analysis of Heterogeneous Data Sets (2003)

The recent availability of heterogeneous high-throughput data types has increased the need for scalable in silico methods with which to integrate data related to the processes of regulation, protein synthesis, and metabolism. A sequence-based framework for modeling transcription and translation in prokaryotes has been established and has been extended to study the expression state of the entire Escherichia coli genome. The resulting in silico analysis of the expression state highlighted three facets of gene expression in E. coli: (i) the metabolic resources required for genome expression and protein synthesis were found to be relatively invariant under the conditions tested; (ii) effective promoter strengths were estimated at the genome scale by using global mRNA abundance and half-life data, revealing genes subject to regulation under the experimental conditions tested; and (iii) large-scale genome location-dependent expression patterns with approximately 600-kb periodicity were detected in the E. coli genome based on the 49 expression data sets analyzed. These results support the notion that a structured model-driven analysis of expression data yields additional information that can be subjected to commonly used statistical analyses. The integration of heterogeneous genome-scale data (i.e., sequence, expression data, and mRNA half-life data) is readily achieved in the context of an in silico model.
High-performance wide-angle macrofocus zoom lens for 35-mm cinematography (1998)

The optical design of a visible waveband, high performance zoom lens objective system, which utilizes aspherical surfaces and a zoom group internal stop, is described.
Continuous Casting of Titanium Alloy by an Induction Cold Crucible. (1992)

Titanium alloy was continuously cast by an induction heating making use of a segmentedconductive cold crucible. In this process, the electromagnetic coupling between the coil and the metailic change is promoted through the gaps between the segments. A Iiquid titanium alloy is confined detached from the crucible wall accompaniedwith the induction heating and the magnetic stirring. The controlled supply of the raw materials and the simultaneous continuous withdrawal of the ingot enabled the stable casting.
Fast skeletal muscle-specific expression of a quail troponin I gene in transgenic mice. (1988)

We have produced seven lines of transgenic mice carrying the quail gene encoding the fast skeletal muscle-specific isoform of troponin I (TnIf). The quail DNA included the entire TnIf gene, 530 base pairs of 5'-flanking DNA, and 1.5 kilobase pairs of 3'-flanking DNA. In all seven transgenic lines, normally initiated and processed quail TnIf mRNA was expressed in skeletal muscle, where it accumulated to levels comparable to that in quail muscle. Moreover, in the three lines tested, quail TnIf mRNA levels were manyfold higher in a fast skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius) than in a slow skeletal muscle (soleus). We conclude that the cellular mechanisms directing muscle fiber type-specific TnIf gene expression are mediated by cis-regulatory elements present on the introduced quail DNA fragment and that they control TnIf expression by affecting the accumulation of TnIf mRNA. These elements have been functionally conserved since the evolutionary divergence of birds and mammals, despite the major physiological and morphological differences existing between avian (tonic) and mammalian (twitch) slow muscles. In lines of transgenic mice carrying multiple tandemly repeated copies of the transgene, an aberrant quail TnIf transcript (differing from normal TnIf mRNA upstream of exon 2) also accumulated in certain tissues, particularly lung, brain, spleen, and heart tissues. However, this aberrant transcript was not detected in a transgenic line which carries only a single copy of the quail gene.
Design and testing of a universal motor using a soft magnetic composite stator (2002)

Design and test results are reported for a vacuum cleaner universal motor with the stator core manufactured from compacted iron powder. The isotropic magnetic properties allow freedom to create better-shaped windings and savings in copper. The core is separated into poles and half-yokes, split on the axial centreline, allowing bobbin winding of the field and easy assembly. The motor uses the existing production rotor, brushes and bearings. Tests show the new motor to be near identical electrically, but slightly better than the existing machine when placed in the vacuum cleaner.
GLOBAL ALIGNMENT OF MULTIPLE PROTEIN INTERACTION NETWORKS (2007)

http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cb/mna.
Optimization of electrical and optical properties in multilayer TCO thin film structures (2009)

Multilayer oxide thin film stacks of aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) and tin doped indium oxide (ITO) have been sequentially deposited on soda lime glass substrates by RF sputtering of AZO and ITO ceramic targets at a substrate temperature of 150°C. The ratio of the AZO thickness to the ITO thickness is varied while keeping the total thickness of the stack constant. The electrical and optical properties of the multilayer stacks have been investigated as a function of this ratio and the number of interfaces. The experimental results are compared and their impact on device performance is demonstrated by simulations with validated AMPS-1D models. XRD and microscopy measurements have been carried out to understand the microstructure of the multilayer system and to establish its correlation with the opto- electric properties. The results have been evaluated for use of these multilayer TCO stacks as potential window layers for the photovoltaic solar cell applications.
The structure-from-motion reconstruction pipeline – a survey with focus on short image sequences (2010)

summary:The problem addressed in this paper is the reconstruction of an object in the form of a realistically textured 3D model from images taken with an uncalibrated camera. We especially focus on reconstructions from short image sequences. By means of a description of an easy to use system, which is able to accomplish this in a fast and reliable way, we give a survey of all steps of the reconstruction pipeline. For the purpose of developing a coherent reconstruction system it is necessary to integrate a number of different techniques such as feature detection, algorithms of the RANSAC-family, and methods for auto-calibration. We describe and review recent developments of distinct strands of these techniques. While developing our system the necessity of improvements of several steps of the state-of-the-art reconstruction pipeline emerged. Two of these innovations are introduced in detail in this paper: an advanced SIFT-based feature detector and a two-stage RANSAC process facilitating a faster selection of relevant object points. In addition, we give a recommendation regarding auto-calibration for short image sequences.
Profile of rifaximin and its potential in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2015)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and abnormal bowel patterns. Alteration in gut flora, visceral hypersensitivity, and abnormal bowel motility are among numerous factors in the complex pathophysiology of IBS. Antibiotics have been used adjunctively to treat IBS for many years but are associated with various systemic side effects. Rifaximin is a nonabsorbable, broad-spectrum antimicrobial that inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding the β-subunit of microbial RNA polymerase. It targets the gastrointestinal tract and works by reducing the quantity of gas-producing bacteria and altering the predominant species of bacteria present. In vivo animal studies suggest additional beneficial mechanisms of rifaximin, including reducing mucosal inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity. Clinical studies have demonstrated that rifaximin improves symptoms associated with IBS, such as bloating, flatulence, stool consistency, and abdominal pain, and has a side-effect profile similar to placebo. Although additional investigation into optimal dosing, treatment duration, and potential resistance is required, rifaximin presents as a safe and beneficial addition to the current management options for IBS.
Analysis of MFCC and BFCC in a speaker identification system (2018)

The most significant factor of interaction among human being is language and speech is utilized as the medium. A parametric form of a signal is used by the speech recognizers to attain the peak imperative distinct features of communication signal for recognition reasons. Different feature extraction techniques used to extract the distinguishable characteristics of the speech signal. In this paper, the performance of Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) based Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and bark frequency Cepstral coefficients (BFCC) speaker identification system has been analyzed on the basis of identification rate, number of Speaker, gender and computational time. It is found that the GMM based MFCC is the optimum feature extraction technique as comparing to BFCC.
AMD3100 is a potent antagonist at CXCR4<sup>R334X</sup>, a hyperfunctional mutant chemokine receptor and cause of WHIM syndrome (2010)

WHIM is an acronym for a rare immunodeficiency syndrome (OMIM #193670) caused by autosomal dominant mutations truncating the C-terminus of the chemokine receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). WHIM mutations may potentiate CXCR4 signalling, suggesting that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CXCR4 antagonist AnorMED3100 (AMD3100) (also known as Plerixafor) may be beneficial in WHIM syndrome. We have tested this at the preclinical level by comparing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and K562 cell lines matched for expression of recombinant wild-type CXCR4 (CXCR4(WT)) and the most common WHIM variant of CXCR4 (CXCR4(R334X)), as well as leucocytes from a WHIM patient with the CXCR4(R334X) mutation versus healthy controls. We found that CXCR4(R334X) mediated modestly increased signalling (~2-fold) in all functional assays tested, but strongly resisted ligand-dependent down-regulation. AMD3100 was equipotent and equieffective as an antagonist at CXCR4(R334X) and CXCR4(WT) . Together, our data provide further evidence that CXCR4(R334X) is a gain-of-function mutation, and support clinical evaluation of AMD3100 as mechanism-based treatment in patients with WHIM syndrome.
H<sub>2</sub>S Gas Sensor Based on WO<sub>3</sub> Nanostructures Synthesized via Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique (2019)

Herein we demonstrate tungsten oxide (WO 3 nanostructures based resistive type sensors for hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas sensing utility. The WO 3 dynamic layers have been deposited upon alumina substrates pre-patterned with gold (Au) interdigitated electrodes. For comparative study, two distinct WO 3 nanostructures (S-425 and S-450) have been synthesized using Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (AACVD) technique at varied deposition temperatures i.e., 425 and 450 °C, respectively. The gas detecting properties of both sensors were investigated against varied concentration (0-60 ppm) of H 2 S gas levels. The electrical resistance of fabricated gas detectors has been observed at DC bias of 5 V and low operating temperature 250 °C. Specifically, when concentration of H 2 S gas increases from 0-10 ppm, average resistance of the S-425 and S-450 gas sensors was observed to decrease by 96.5% and 97.6%, respectively. In general, the sensing mechanism of gas sensors proposed in this work can be associated with ionosorption of oxygen species over WO 3 nanostructured surfaces. However, the significantly enhanced sensing performance of S-450 sensor may be attributed to improved crystallinity in its structure and improved ions adsorption/desorption kinetics at nanorods surface morphology.
A New Design Approach for PSS Conceptual Development (2012)

Product Service System (PSS) is introduced as a new concept which means the products and services can be integrated to a package and delivered to customer. From the definition and classification, a PSS can be seen as a system including a set of servicing modes of product. Therefore, designing appropriate PSS to satisfy customer requirements is an important issue in current research. This article reviews current design methodologies and categorized them into three patterns. Each pattern has its advantages and limitations. Hence a new design approach is proposed in this paper. This approach includes integral develop process and focuses on the conceptual design of PSS, which requires innovative thinking to identify possible servicing modes according to customer requirements. Then the evaluation method is provided to help designers to select the principle conceptual solution.
Multiple interferences suppression method based on adaptive signal data regrouping for GNSS receivers (2018)

The number of wide‐band interfering signals which can be suppressed by an antenna array is limited to the number of antenna elements. To address this problem, a multiple interferences suppression method based on adaptive signal data regrouping for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers is proposed on the basis of analysing the generalised periodic and sparse property of the wide‐band periodic frequency modulated (WBPFM) signals. By exploiting the feature of the singular value ratio (SVR) spectrum of received signals containing periodic components, the authors introduce an improved SVR‐based period estimation method to estimate the minimum common period (MCP) of WBPFM interfering signals. Regroup the signal data to construct space–time (ST) matrixes according to the estimated MCP. Then, an orthogonal minimum power distortionless response‐based ST processor is adopted to nullify the interferences and protect GNSS signals. Simulation results show that the proposed method can suppress more wide‐band interferences without increasing the number of antenna elements.
A Strategy To Increase the Efficiency of the Dye-Sensitized TiO<sub>2</sub> Solar Cells Operated by Photoexcitation of Dye-to-TiO<sub>2</sub> Charge-Transfer Bands (2005)

Dye-sensitized nanoporous TiO2 solar cells (DSSCs) can be classified into two types, namely, Type-I and Type-II. Type-I DSSCs are the DSSCs in which electrons are injected from the adsorbed dyes by photoexcitation of the dyes followed by electron injection from the excited dyes to TiO2 (pathway A). Type-II DSSCs are the DSSCs in which electrons are injected not only by pathway A but also by direct one-step electron injection from the dyes to TiO2 by photoexcitation of the dye-to-TiO2 charge-transfer (DTCT) bands (pathway B). The DSSCs employing catechol (Cat) or its derivatives as the sensitizers have been the typical examples of Type-II DSSCs. However, their solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiencies (eta) have never exceeded 0.7%, and the external quantum efficiencies (EQE) at the absorption maximums of the DTCT bands have never exceeded 10%. We found that the attachment of electron-donating compounds such as (pyridin-4-yl)vinyl and (quinolin-4-yl)vinyl, respectively, to Cat (designated as Cat-v-P and Cat-v-Q, respectively) leads to 2- and 2.7-fold increases, respectively, in eta, driven by large increases in short circuit current (Jsc). The EQE increased from 8.5 to 30% at 400 nm upon changing from Cat to Cat-v-P, at which only the DTCT band absorbs. In the case of the Cat-v-Q-sensitized DSSC, even the eta obtained by exciting only the DTCT band was higher than 1%. Interestingly, the illumination of only the DTCT band resulted in the increase of fill factor from 62.6% to 72.3%. This paper provides for the first time an insight into the strategy to increase the eta values of Type-II DSSCs.
Introducing the National Workforce Centre for Child Mental Health: Improving the lives of infants, children and families (2018)

Infants and children are exposed to many experiences, both nurturing and stressful, that influence their mental health (Dogar, 2007). Early childhood mental health involves being able to experience, manage and express emotions; form close, satisfying relationships; and explore and discover the environment (KidsMatter, 2012). Most children learn to cope with adversity, express and regulate emotions, form close and secure relationships, and explore their environment with behaviours appropriate to their individual personality, ecological environment and developmental stage. As well as physical development, children develop socially and emotionally, that is they develop skills around managing relationships, their feelings and interactions with their broader environment. The majority of children, with support from the adults in their life, learn to express and manage emotions in healthy ways, nurture social relationships and successfully contend with life's challenges.
Titanium and Zirconium Complexes for Polymerization of Propylene and Cyclic Esters (2006)

The new group IV complexes ((CH3)3CCOCHCONEt2)2Ti(OMe)2 (3), ((CH3)3CCOCHCONMe2)2Ti(OMe)2 (4), (CH3COCHCONMe2)2Ti(OC(CH3)3)2 (5), and ((CH3)3CCOCHCONEt2)2ZrCl2 (6) were synthesized and characterized. The titanium dialkoxide complexes 3−5 were produced during the attempts to synthesize the corresponding titanium diamido complexes via an intramolecular metathesis. A mechanism for the intramolecular metathesis is presented. Complexes 3 and 4 exhibit dynamic behavior in solution as a function of temperature. This dynamic behavior is due to a disconnection and recoordination of the β-ketoamidate chelating ligands through the weaker Ti−O bond, resulting in the formation of different octahedral stereoisomers in solution. Complexes 3−6, activated with MAO, were found to be active in the polymerization of propylene, producing elastomeric polypropylene. The elastomeric properties of the polymers obtained using complex 3 as catalyst are due to a dynamic interconversion between two C2-symmetric enantiomeric structures via an open C2v-symmetric intermediate complex. Additionally, complexes 3−6 were found to be active in the polymerization of ε-caprolactone and rac-lactide. The activity of the zirconium dichloride complex 6 is higher than the activities of any of the titanium dialkoxide complexes 3−5 both in ε-caprolactone and in rac-lactide polymerizations.
Low-cost digital implementation of proportional-resonant current controllers for PV inverter applications using delta operator (2005)

The performances of the P+Resonant controller in case of current control for a single phase grid connected inverter have been proved to be superior to the PI controller, since it is able to remove the phase error of the control at the fundamental frequency of the grid. It offers also the possibility of selective harmonic compensation. However, in case of digital implementation on a low-cost fixed-point DSP, the limited computational power and the limited numerical representation precision can restrict the utilization of it. The present paper proposes a different way of digital implementation of the P+Resonant controller with selective harmonic compensation on a low-cost fixed-point DSP. The resonant part of the P+R has been implemented as a second order filter based on delta operator. The current controller, together with harmonic compensation for the 3/sup rd/, 5/sup th/, and 7/sup th/ harmonics has been successfully tested in practice with a 1.5 KW PV inverter, achieving a 1.2% total harmonic distortion (THD) of the grid current.