gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Secure Distributed Location Service Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), location-based routing protocols can offer significant performance improvement over topology-based routing protocols by using location information to make forwarding decisions. Location service provides the location information of mobile destinations to source nodes so that location-based routing can be applied. Secure location service in MANETs is challenging because of the absence of any central intelligence in the network. In this paper, we propose a Secure Distributed Location Service (SDLS) scheme for MANETs, in which each node registers its location along a row and the location query is along a column in the grid network, a node with self-signed certificate is verified by using public key system during location service activity to achieve a high level of security. The simulation results shows that the proposed location service scheme SDLS has good performance and security.
Yeast as a cell factory: current state and perspectives (2015)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the oldest and most frequently used microorganisms in biotechnology with successful applications in the production of both bulk and fine chemicals. Yet, yeast researchers are faced with the challenge to further its transition from the old workhorse to a modern cell factory, fulfilling the requirements for next generation bioprocesses. Many of the principles and tools that are applied for this development originate from the field of synthetic biology and the engineered strains will indeed be synthetic organisms. We provide an overview of the most important aspects of this transition and highlight achievements in recent years as well as trends in which yeast currently lags behind. These aspects include: the enhancement of the substrate spectrum of yeast, with the focus on the efficient utilization of renewable feedstocks, the enhancement of the product spectrum through generation of independent circuits for the maintenance of redox balances and biosynthesis of common carbon building blocks, the requirement for accurate pathway control with improved genome editing and through orthogonal promoters, and improvement of the tolerance of yeast for specific stress conditions. The causative genetic elements for the required traits of the future yeast cell factories will be assembled into genetic modules for fast transfer between strains. These developments will benefit from progress in bio-computational methods, which allow for the integration of different kinds of data sets and algorithms, and from rapid advancement in genome editing, which will enable multiplexed targeted integration of whole heterologous pathways. The overall goal will be to provide a collection of modules and circuits that work independently and can be combined at will, depending on the individual conditions, and will result in an optimal synthetic host for a given production process.
One‐year trials with halofenate, clofibrate, and placebo (1976)

The hypolipidemic as well as other laboratory and clinical effects of halofenate, clofibrate, and placebo were compared in 29 patients with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia in a double‐blind, controlled, therapeutic trial of 1 yr duration. Plasma drug levels were obtained to monitor compliance. Clofibrate and halofenate lowered serum triglycerides to a similar extent. The hypotriglyceridemic effect of halofenate was significant only when data from noncompliant patients were discarded. Only clofibrate lowered baseline levels of plasma cholesterol. Very low density lipoproteins were decreased and low density lipoproteins were increased by clofibrate but not by halofenate. Halofenate had a marked hypouricemic effect that was greater than that of clofibrate. The hypouricemic effect of halofenate and clofibrate was paralleled by a concomitant decrease in serum bilirubin. Abnormal increases in serum creatine phosphokinase were observed with both drugs primarily in patients who had abnormal initial levels.
Avoiding Plagiarism in Markov Sequence Generation (2014)

Markov processes are widely used to generate sequences that imitate a given style, using random walk. Random walk generates sequences by iteratively concatenating states to prefixes of length equal or less than the given Markov order}. However, at higher orders, Markov chains tend to replicate chunks of the corpus with a size possibly higher than the order, a primary form of plagiarism. The Markov order defines a maximum length for training but not for generation. In the framework of constraint satisfaction (CSP), we introduce MaxOrder. This global constraint ensures that generated sequences do not include chunks larger than a given maximum order. We exhibit an automaton that recognises the solution set, with a size linear in the size of the corpus. We propose a linear-time procedure to generate this automaton from a corpus and a given max order. We then use this automaton to achieve generalised arc consistency for the MaxOrder constraint, holding on a sequence of size n, in O(n.T) time, where T is the size of the automaton. We illustrate our approach by generating text sequences from text corpora with a maximum order guarantee, effectively controlling plagiarism.
Telomere attrition in lens epithelial cells - a target for N-acetylcarnosine therapy (2010)

The lens epithelium is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress. The erosion and shortening of telomeres in human lens epithelial cells in the lack of telomerase activity has been recognized as a primary cause of premature lens senescence phenotype that trigger human cataractogenesis. Carnosine, released ophthalmically from N-acetylcarnosine prodrug lubricant eye drops , at physiological concentration might remarkably reduce the rate of telomere shortening in the lens cells subjected to oxidative stress in the lack of efficient antioxidant lens protection. The data of visual functions (visual acuity, glare sensitivity) in older adult subjects and older subjects with cataract treated with 1% N-acetylcarnosine lubricant eye drops showed significant improvement as compared, by contrast with the control group which showed generally no improvement in visual functions, with no difference from baseline in visual acuity and glare sensitivity readings. Prevention of cellular senescence with ophthalmic prodrug N-acetylcarnosine may be a novel therapeutic target in a management of cataract, basic preventive health care and in arresting of after-cataract following extracapsular cataract extraction.
The Design of Parallel Kinematic Machine Tools Using Kinetostatic Performance Criteria (2007)

Most industrial machine tools have a serial kinematic architecture, which means that each axis has to carry the following one, including its actuators and joints. High Speed Machining highlights some drawbacks of such architectures: heavy moving parts require from the machine structure high stiffness to limit bending problems that lower the machine accuracy, and limit the dynamic performances of the feed axes. That is why PKMs attract more and more researchers and companies, because they are claimed to offer several advantages over their serial counterparts, like high structural rigidity and high dynamic capacities. Indeed, the parallel kinematic arrangement of the links provides higher stiffness and lower moving masses that reduce inertia effects. Thus, PKMs have better dynamic performances. However, the design of a parallel kinematic machine tool (PKMT) is a hard task that requires further research studies before wide industrial use can be expected. Many criteria need to be taken into account in the design of a PKMT. We pay special attention to the description of kinetostatic criteria that rely on the conditioning of the Jacobian matrix of the mechanism. The organisation of this paper is as follows: next section introduces general remarks about PKMs, then is explained why PKMs can be interesting alternative machine tool designs. Then are presented existing PKMTs. An application to the design of a small-scale machine tool prototype developed at IRCCyN is presented at the end of this paper.
Isolation of drug-resistant variants of HIV-1 from patients on long-term zidovudine therapy (1989)

We determined whether drug-resistant variants of HIV-1 could be isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 individuals with HIV infection (Centers for Disease Control groups II and III) on long-term zidovudine (AZT) therapy. Toward this end, zidovudine (10 microM) has been included in the tissue culture medium used to isolate HIV-1. Under these circumstances, virus with a zidovudine-resistant phenotype was successfully obtained in five out of 20 cases. This property of drug resistance appeared to be stable, and did not disappear upon extended replication of such virus in the absence of drug pressure. Drug-resistant virus could also be isolated from these subjects on subsequent occasions, but was not present in samples obtained prior to therapy. Replication of these zidovudine-resistant isolates in tissue culture was inhibited by each of four other nucleoside analogues. Thus, other drugs may be useful in controlling selective zidovudine-resistant variants of HIV-1.
Signal of Quark Deconfinement in Millisecond Pulsars and Reconfinement in Accreting X-ray Neutron Stars (2001)

Theoretically, the phase transition between the confined and deconfined phases of quarks can have a remarkable effect on the spin properties of millisecond pulsars and on the spin distribution of the population of x-ray neutron stars in low-mass binaries. In the latter class of stars, the effect has already been observed---a strong clustering in the population in a narrow band of spins. The observed clustering cannot presently be uniquely assigned to the phase transition as cause. However, there is another possible signal---not so far observed---in millisecond pulsars that we also discuss. It would have the same origin, and its discovery would tend to confirm the interpretation in terms of a phase transition in the stellar core and that the high density phase exists in the higer mass canonical neutron stars.
Renin Inhibition (2005)

Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers has become a crucial element in cardiovascular and renal medicine. This review evaluates the potential of renin inhibition as an adjunct to therapies that depend on renin system interruption.
A Remotely Programmable Insulin Delivery System (1982)

A remotely controlled, programmable insulin delivery system was implanted in a diabetic man and the feasibility of the technique was examined. Specific problems included (1) development of an appropriate surgical approach, (2) identification of methods to assess the integrity of the insulin delivery system following implantation, and (3) assessment of plasma glucose and free-insulin profiles obtained with the implanted system. The insulin pump was implanted submuscularly through a midline abdominal incision. The insulin reservoir was placed subcutaneously to allow percutaneous refilling. The insulin delivery catheter terminated in the peritoneal space. No postoperative wound infection occurred and rapid healing of the surgical site ensued. In vivo assessment of the system included (1) dye contrast roentgenography, (2) vasopressin stimulation, and (3) reservoir volume monitoring. Short-acting insulin was then placed in the implanted reservoir and delivered by the system for one month. Mean plasma glucose concentration declined to normal levels, as did glycosylated hemoglobin. Plasma insulin profiles were normalized with appropriate insulin peaks with each meal. We conclude that implantation of a remotely programmable insulin pump is feasible in type I diabetic man. Additional studies are necessary to define which patients will benefit from this type of insulin delivery system.
Transport of Neutral Amino Acids at the Blood-Brain Barrier (1981)

The movement of neutral amino acids across the blood-brain barrier is bidirectional, however, blood to brain transport is much better characterized than brain to blood transport. Available evidence points to the existence of a single transport system (system L) at the luminal capillary surface. The properties of this system place constraints on possible mechanisms of regulating blood-brain neutral amino acid transport activity. One property, mediation of exchange transport, suggests that amino acid influx is coupled to efflux, particularly efflux of glutamine, synthesized in glial astrocytes from ammonia and glutamic acid. Such a coupling could account for increased blood-brain neutral amino acid transport in liver disease and decreased transport activity after treatment with methionine sulfoximine, a glutamine synthetase inhibitor.
Processing of Signals Produced by Strain Gauges in Testing Measurements of the Bridges (2015)

Practical example of signal processing from strain gauge, inductive transducer and total station measurements are used to illustrate the features of the bridge load testing measurements. FFT provides accurate representation of physical behavior for static and dynamic signals obtained when loading the bridge. As a reference measurement the signal from inductive transducer was taken. A static part of the load test was also geodetically measured and theoretically calculated. The results are comparable.
Adenolipoma of the Bronchus (2005)

We report a rare case of adenolipoma of the bronchus. A 75-year-old woman underwent a left upper lobectomy for a nodular tumor located at the bifurcation of the left upper division and the lingular bronchus. Microscopically, a well-delineated tumor was observed. It was composed of a proliferation of mature adipose tissue with scattered bronchial glands, which were surrounded by peribronchial tissue, and it was later proved to be adenolipoma. An extensive review of the literature suggests that ours is the first case of adenolipoma of the bronchus.
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in adhesive microcavities (2009)

The homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSC) in the bone marrow is regulated by a complex interplay of exogenous signals, including extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, cell-cell contacts, and cytokines. To investigate the influence of spatial restriction and adhesive interactions on HSC fate decisions, we prepared a set of fibronectin-coated micrometer-sized cavities. Analysis of human CD133+ HSCs isolated after culture on these surfaces revealed that proliferation and differentiation is decreased when HSCs are supported by substrates with small microcavities. Single cell analysis of adherent cells also revealed decreased DNA synthesis and higher levels of HSC marker expression inside the smaller cavities. Increasing the cytokine concentration highlighted the tight balance of adhesion related signals and soluble cues acting on HSC fate decisions. Our results suggest that confining human HSCs in ECM-coated microcavities is a possible method to maintain these cells in a quiescent and immature state, an important advantage for several HSC applications.
Estimation of Liquid-Vapor Critical Loci for CO2-Solvent Mixtures Using a Peak-Shape Method (1995)

Critical-mixture curves for 13 CO2-solvent binary mixtures were estimated using the peak-shape method. Mixture critical points were determined within 1 degrees C and 1 atm. The results for CO2-toluene and CO2-methanol were compared to previously reported data from high-pressure view cell studies. No more than a 3% difference was observed in the data generated by the two different techniques. A few abnormalities encountered while using the peak-shape method are also discussed.
Graphene bubbles with controllable curvature (2011)

Raised above the substrate and elastically deformed areas of graphene in the form of bubbles are found on different substrates. They come in a variety of shapes, including those which allow strong modification of the electronic properties of graphene. We show that the shape of the bubble can be controlled by an external electric field. This effect can be used to make graphene-based adaptive focus lenses.
Representing and Recommending Shopping Baskets with Complementarity, Compatibility and Loyalty (2018)

We study the problem of representing and recommending products for grocery shopping. We carefully investigate grocery transaction data and observe three important patterns: products within the same basket complement each other in terms of functionality (complementarity); users tend to purchase products that match their preferences (compatibility); and a significant fraction of users repeatedly purchase the same products over time (loyalty). Unlike conventional e-commerce settings, complementarity and loyalty are particularly predominant in the grocery shopping domain. This motivates a new representation learning approach to leverage complementarity and compatibility holistically, as well as a new recommendation approach to explicitly account for users' 'must-buy' purchases in addition to their overall preferences and needs. Doing so not only improves product classification and recommendation performance on both public and proprietary transaction data covering various grocery store types, but also reveals interesting findings about the relationships between preferences, necessity, and loyalty in consumer purchases.
P‐51: Dual Directional Backlight for Stereoscopic LCD (2003)

Abstract We propose a new light direction controlling backlight for nonglasses field sequential stereoscopic LCD. This backlight using a double‐sided prism sheet can change the direction of light by switching the light sources. We made a prototype, and demonstrated that the light from the backlight could be separated into the required directions
The Effect of Various Phospholipids on Plasma Lipoproteins and Liver Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Rats. (1993)

Rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (5% lard, 0.5% cholesterol, and 0.25% sodium cholate) containing 5% of dietary phospholipid as safflower phospholipid (SAP), soybean phospholipid (SOP), or egg yolk phospholipid (EGP), or 5% of soybean oil (SO) as a control for 4 weeks. The concentrations of plasma cholesterol were significantly higher in rats fed the EGP diet than those of the other diets. Similarly, the concentrations of chylomicron plus very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol were higher in rats fed the EGP diet. The phospholipid diets induced a significant increase of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in comparison with the SO diet. The concentrations of liver cholesterol were significantly lower in rats fed the phospholipid diets than those of the SO diet. Among phospholipid-fed rats, the SAP and SOP diets decreased the concentrations of liver cholesterol compared with the EGP diet. The activity of plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was significantly increased in rats fed the phospholipid diets. The phospholipid diets caused an enhanced excretion of neutral steroids into feces. Among phospholipid-fed rats, the SAP and SOP diets increased the excretion of fecal neutral steroids compared with the EGP diet. The fatty acid composition of HDL phospholipid was slightly reflected by the major dietary fat source. These results suggest that SAP and SOP inhibit markedly the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the small intestine of hypercholesterolemic rats and that the effect of SAP and SOP on plasma cholesterol metabolism may be different from that of EGP.
1995年度談話会・特別講習アブストラクト集 Colloquium Lectures 北海道大学理学部数学教室 (1996)

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Chemical components in leachates from hazardous wastes landfills in Japan (1995)

Chemical components in leachates from five landfills in Japan were investigated for human effects by hazardous wastes. Among inorganic elements, concentrations of lead, arsenic, selenium, boron, and nickel exceeded the regulation levels defined by the Japanese law. Particularly, concentration of boron was very high. Many volatile organic compounds were detected in the leachates. The concentration of these compounds varied from sample to sample. Detection of 1,4‐dioxane and tris (2‐chloroethyl) phosphate in all samples is remarkable for human health.
Rational Design of Anode Materials Based on Group IVA Elements (Si, Ge, and Sn) for Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2013)

Abstract Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) represent the state‐of‐the‐art technology in rechargeable energy‐storage devices and they currently occupy the prime position in the marketplace for powering an increasingly diverse range of applications. However, the fast development of these applications has led to increasing demands being placed on advanced LIBs in terms of higher energy/power densities and longer life cycles. For LIBs to meet these requirements, researchers have focused on active electrode materials, owing to their crucial roles in the electrochemical performance of batteries. For anode materials, compounds based on Group IVA (Si, Ge, and Sn) elements represent one of the directions in the development of high‐capacity anodes. Although these compounds have many significant advantages when used as anode materials for LIBs, there are still some critical problems to be solved before they can meet the high requirements for practical applications. In this Focus Review, we summarize a series of rational designs for Group IVA‐based anode materials, in terms of their chemical compositions and structures, that could address these problems, that is, huge volume variations during cycling, unstable surfaces/interfaces, and invalidation of transport pathways for electrons upon cycling. These designs should at least include one of the following structural benefits: 1) Contain a sufficient number of voids to accommodate the volume variations during cycling; 2) adopt a “plum‐pudding”‐like structure to limit the volume variations during cycling; 3) facilitate an efficient and permanent transport pathway for electrons and lithium ions; or 4) show stable surfaces/interfaces to stabilize the in situ formed SEI layers.
The Human Growth Hormone Gene Is Regulated by a Multicomponent Locus Control Region (1995)

The five-member human growth hormone (hGH)/chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) gene cluster encodes the pituitary-specific hGH-N gene and four highly related genes (hGH-V, hCS-A, hCS-B, and hCS-L) that are expressed only in the placenta. When the hGH-N or hCS-A gene, together with all previously identified cis-acting regulatory sequences, was integrated into the mouse genome, it was expressed only sporadically and at low levels in the transgenic target organs. DNase I mapping of chromatin from expressing and nonexpressing cell types was used to identify a pituitary-specific set of DNase I-hypersensitive sites (HS) and a set of HS common to both the pituitary and placenta, centered approximately 15 and 30 kb 5' of hGH-N, respectively. When contained on a cosmid insert in their native genomic configuration, these HS consistently directed high-level, pituitary-specific expression of hGH-N in transgenic mice and appeared to define a locus control region required for hGH-N expression. Individually, each set of HS was able to mediate position-independent hGH-N expression in the pituitary but demonstrated loss of physiologic control and loss of tissue specificity. The gene-proximal set of HS contained a potent enhancer activity in the pituitary, while the more distal set appeared to function primarily to establish site-of-integration independence. These data indicate that synergistic interactions among multiple elements are required to restrict hGH-N transcription to the pituitary and generate appropriate levels of expression. In addition, these results suggest a role for both shared and unique regulatory sequences in locus control region-mediated expression of the hGH/hCS gene cluster in the pituitary and possibly the placenta.