gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Response time measurement of electrostatic S-shaped film actuator related to environmental gas pressure conditions (2002)

We have experimentally measured the response time of an electrostatic S-shaped film actuator relative to environmental gas pressure and applied voltage as an aid to the designing of gas valve systems. This actuator has an S-shaped film element whose S-shape propagates in the lateral direction. We experimentally measured the propagation speed of the S-bend continuously from start to stop by detecting the capacitance change between the film and one of the actuator electrode plates. It reached 7 m/s when the pressure was 1 Pa and the applied voltage was 120 V. The response times of the actuator, in which the film travels 5 mm laterally and 2 mm vertically, are 7.7 ms at atmospheric pressure and 2.2 ms at a low pressure of 100 Pa.
An Optimized Method for Minimum MPRs Selection Based on Node Density (2010)

Multipoint Relay (MPR) have been introduced in the proactive protocol OLSR to optimize the flooding overhead of control traffic. In this paper, we propose an optimized method for the selection of the minimum MPR set computed by greedy algorithm. On the basis of node density, an incomplete traversal process is executed in the common MPR set calculated by greedy algorithm in order to reselect the minimum MPR set. It is shown by the simulation that the optimized method can reduce the number of nodes in minimum MPR set and TC packets flooding in the network.
A real-time ball trajectory follower using Robot Operating System (2015)

Modern sports events involve multiple cameras recording the event with very high quality of video. The multiple camera system is complex and generally requires a team of trained men to get the best shot of the ball especially in challenging cases such as line calls in tennis events, corner detection in football events etc. This paper suggests a simple, economical and less time consuming solution using an object tracking algorithm implemented via an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The UAV used in the paper is the Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL) Parrot A.R. Drone 2.0 which acts as a moving aerial platform and aims at tracking fast moving ground objects by processing real-time camera feed. Presently, the images from the front camera of the drone are obtained and the moving ground object detected by colour segmentation techniques. The detected object is continuously tracked by centering the image frame. Open Source Computer Vision libraries (OpenCV) are used to process the images obtained from the drone which is controlled by an environment created using Robot Operating System (ROS).
Miniaturized Explosive Preconcentrator for Use in a Man-Portable Field Detection System (1999)

We discuss the design and testing of a miniaturized explosives preconcentrator that can be used to enhance the capabilities of man-portable field detection systems, such as those based on ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The preconcentrator is a smaller version of a similar device that was developed recently at Sandia National Laboratories for use in a trace detection portal that screens personnel for explosives. Like its predecessor, this preconcentrator is basically a filtering device that allows a small amount of explosive residue in a large incoming airflow to be concentrated into a much smaller air volume via adsorption and resorption, prior to delivery into a chemical detector. We discuss laboratory testing of this preconcentrator interfaced to a commercially available IMS-based detection system, with emphasis on the explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX). The issues investigated include optimization of the preconcentrator volume and inlet airflow, the use of different types of adsorbing surfaces within the preconcentrator, Wd preconcentrator efficiency and concentration factor. We discuss potential field applications of the preconcentrator, as well as avenues for further investigations and improvements.
A CMOS bandgap reference without resistors (2002)

Bandgap references add the forward bias voltage across a pn diode with a voltage that is proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) to produce an output that is insensitive to changes in temperature. The relative weighting of the voltages added is usually adjusted by trimming the ratio of two resistors. Although inexpensive resistors of suitable values are available in analog CMOS processes, the area of such resistors is increased in standard digital processes because silicide is often used to reduce the sheet resistance of the polysilicon and diffusion layers. As a result, the length and area of the required resistors is increased, increasing not only the cost, but also the susceptibility of the reference operation to substrate noise coupling. One way to overcome this problem is to use an extra mask to selectively block the silicide, but this mask also increases the cost. This paper presents a circuit solution to the above problem: a bandgap reference without resistors. It uses only MOS transistors biased in saturation or cutoff. The devices biased in saturation operate in strong inversion, for which accurate device models are usually available, simplifying the design process, especially in digital CMOS technologies.
Naturally resident and exogenously applied T4-like and T5-like bacteriophages can reduce<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157 (2011)

In preparing sheep for an in vivo Escherichia coli O157:H7 eradication trial, we found that 20/39 members of a single flock were naturally colonized by O157:H7-infecting phages. Characterization showed these were all one phage type (subsequently named CEV2) infecting 15/16 O157:H7, 7/72 ECOR and common lab strains. Further characterization by PFGE (genome∼120 kb), restriction enzyme digest (DNA appears unmodified), receptor studies (FhuA but not TonB is required for infection) and sequencing (>95% nucleotide identity) showed it is a close relative of the classically studied coliphage T5. Unlike T5, CEV2 infects O157:H7 in vitro, both aerobically and anaerobically, rapidly adsorbing and killing, but resistant mutants regrew within 24 h. When used together with T4-like CEV1 (MOI ∼2 per phage), bacterial killing was longer lasting. CEV2 did not reproduce when co-infecting the same cell as CEV1, presumably succumbing to CEV1's ability to shut off transcription of cytosine-containing DNA. In vivo sheep trials to remove resident O157:H7 showed that a cocktail of CEV2 and CEV1 (∼10(11) total PFU) applied once orally was more effective (>99.9% reduction) than CEV1 alone (∼99%) compared to the untreated phage-free control. Those sheep naturally carrying CEV2, receiving no additional phage treatment, had the lowest O157:H7 levels (∼99.99% reduction). These data suggest that phage cocktails are more effective than individual phage in removing O157:H7 that have taken residence if the phage work in concert with one another and that naturally resident O157:H7-infecting phages may prevent O157:H7 gut colonization and be one explanation for the transient O157:H7 colonization in ruminants.
Pyicos: a versatile toolkit for the analysis of high-throughput sequencing data (2011)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Metastable ferroelectricity in optically strained SrTiO <sub>3</sub> (2019)

Fluctuating orders in solids are generally considered high-temperature precursors of broken symmetry phases. However, in some cases, these fluctuations persist to zero temperature and prevent the emergence of long-range order. Strontium titanate (SrTiO<sub>3</sub>) is a quantum paraelectric in which dipolar fluctuations grow upon cooling, although a long-range ferroelectric order never sets in. Here, we show that optical excitation of lattice vibrations can induce polar order. This metastable polar phase, observed up to temperatures exceeding 290 kelvin, persists for hours after the optical pump is interrupted. Furthermore, hardening of a low-frequency vibration points to a photoinduced ferroelectric phase transition, with a spatial domain distribution suggestive of a photoflexoelectric coupling.
Synthesis of Alpha‐Halo Ethers from Symmetric Acetals and <i>in Situ</i> Methoxymethylation of an Alcohol (2006)

Abstract Dimethoxymethane Zinc bromide Acetyl chloride Chloromethyl methyl ether Alpha‐Phenethyl alcohol Diisopropylethylamine 1‐Methoxy‐1‐phenylethane
Analysis of The Dual-Emitter LIGBT with Low Forward Voltage Loss and High Lacth-up Characteristics (2011)

In this paper, we present a novel Lateral Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor(LIGBT) structure. The proposed structure has extra emitter between emitter and collector of the conventional structure. The added emitter can significantly improve latch-up current densities, forward voltage drop (Vce,sat) and turn-off characteristics. From the simulation results, the proposed LIGBT has the lower forward voltage drop(1.05V), the higher latch-up current densities(), and the shorter turn-off time(7.4us) than those of the conventional LIGBT.
An application of spatial Iterative Learning Control to micro-additive manufacturing (2016)

This manuscript details the first experimental application of a spatial Iterative Learning Control (SILC) update law recently described by the authors. Previous work introduced SILC, the SILC mathematical framework that was based on a 2D impulse response description of spatial dynamics, stability analyses, and a simulation study. Herein, we describe the physical system comprised of a micro-scale additive manufacturing system termed electrohydrodynamic jet printing and a spatial metrology system, atomic force microscopy. For this process, process variability is pronounced (± 15% from nominal) and thus complicates the use of heuristics-based process maps. This manuscript demonstrates that SILC applied to this combined manufacturing and in situ metrology system is capable, through successive iterations, of automatically creating a material droplet array that approximates an ideal material topography by compensating for process variability. These results give promise to more rigorous experimental trials involving multi-material and multi-layer micro additive manufacturing.
Polyclonal RB1 mutations and acquired resistance to CDK 4/6 inhibitors in patients with metastatic breast cancer (2017)

This is the first clinical report to describe the emergence of somatic RB1 mutations after exposure to palbociclib or ribociclib, in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Further research is needed to validate these findings, identify how these mutations temporally emerge under selective pressure of CDK 4/6 inhibitor, and develop rational therapeutic strategies.
Effects of rosiglitazone on gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in highly active antiretroviral therapy-associated lipodystrophy (2004)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients but is associated with severe adverse events, such as lipodystrophy and insulin resistance. Rosiglitazone did not increase subcutaneous fat in patients with HAART-associated lipodystrophy (HAL) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, although it attenuated insulin resistance and decreased liver fat content. The aim of this study was to examine effects of rosiglitazone on gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue in 30 patients with HAL. The mRNA concentrations in subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured using real-time PCR. Twenty-four-week treatment with rosiglitazone (8 mg/day) compared with placebo significantly increased the expression of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), and PPARgamma coactivator 1 and decreased IL-6 expression. Expression of other genes involved in lipogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, or glucose transport, such as acyl-CoA synthase, adipocyte lipid-binding protein, CD45, fatty acid transport protein-1 and -4, GLUT1, GLUT4, keratinocyte lipid-binding protein, lipoprotein lipase, PPARdelta, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, remained unchanged. Rosiglitazone also significantly increased serum adiponectin concentration. The change in serum adiponectin concentration was inversely correlated with the change in fasting serum insulin concentration and liver fat content. In conclusion, rosiglitazone induced significant changes in gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue and ameliorated insulin resistance in patients with HAL. Increased expression of adiponectin might have mediated most of the favorable insulin-sensitizing effects of rosiglitazone in these patients.
Complement Component 3 Is Required for Optimal Expansion of CD8 T Cells During a Systemic Viral Infection (2003)

In addition to its established role in innate immune mechanisms, complement component C3 is also of critical importance in B cell activation and T cell-dependent Ab responses. In this study, we have examined the requirement for C3 in the generation of primary CD8 T cell responses to an acute systemic viral infection. We compared Ag-specific CD8 T cell responses to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) between wild-type (+/+) and C3-deficient (C3(-/-)) mice on both 129/B6 and B6 backgrounds. These studies revealed that C3 activity is required for optimal expansion of LCMV-specific effector CD8 T cells in an epitope-dependent fashion, which is influenced by the genetic background of the mice. Studies in complement receptor 1/2 (CR1/CR2)-deficient mice showed that regulation of LCMV-specific CD8 T cell responses by C3 is not dependent upon CR1/CR2. These findings may have implications in vaccine development, therapy of autoimmune diseases, and prevention of graft rejection.
Using OxRRAM memories for improving communications of reconfigurable FPGA architectures (2011)

New memories, such as non-volatile resistive memories present bright prospect in catering to the ever-growing memory needs. In this paper, we investigate the usage of Oxide Resistive Random Access Memory (OxRRAM) to improve the communication switchboxes of Field-Programmable-Gate-Arrays (FPGAs). We prove the interest of using unipolar OxRRAM in such devices thanks to a complete methodology, starting from compact model based on self-consistent physical model up to architectural evaluation using typical FPGA benchmarks. Besides, the architectural gains in terms of area by 1.4× and write time by 17.4× in comparison with phase-change memories (PCM). An improvement in area by 4.82× and write time by 285.7× for conventional Flash technology as well as a reduction in overall delay by 49.3% due to the reduced on-resistance and smaller size are reported.
Management of vaginitis. (2004)

Common infectious forms of vaginitis include bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. Vaginitis also can occur because of atrophic changes. Bacterial vaginosis is caused by proliferation of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, and anaerobes. The diagnosis is based primarily on the Amsel criteria (milky discharge, pH greater than 4.5, positive whiff test, clue cells in a wet-mount preparation). The standard treatment is oral metronidazole in a dosage of 500 mg twice daily for seven days. Vulvovaginal candidiasis can be difficult to diagnose because characteristic signs and symptoms (thick, white discharge, dysuria, vulvovaginal pruritus and swelling) are not specific for the infection. Diagnosis should rely on microscopic examination of a sample from the lateral vaginal wall (10 to 20 percent potassium hydroxide preparation). Cultures are helpful in women with recurrent or complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis, because species other than Candida albicans (e.g., Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis) may be present. Topical azole and oral fluconazole are equally efficacious in the management of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis, but a more extensive regimen may be required for complicated infections. Trichomoniasis may cause a foul-smelling, frothy discharge and, in most affected women, vaginal inflammatory changes. Culture and DNA probe testing are useful in diagnosing the infection; examinations of wet-mount preparations have a high false-negative rate. The standard treatment for trichomoniasis is a single 2-g oral dose of metronidazole. Atrophic vaginitis results from estrogen deficiency. Treatment with topical estrogen is effective.
An ongoing prospective randomized comparison of interleukin-2 regimens for the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer. (1997)

The optimal IL-2 regimen for treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma is not known. Alternative regimens with much less acute toxicity than high-dose IL-2 can cause regression of renal cell carcinoma, but duration of therapy, chronicity of symptoms, and quality-of-life issues may be important in properly evaluating the tolerability of different regimens. Because the main benefit of IL-2 therapy is not its initial response rate but its induction of durable, complete responses, further accrual and follow-up will be necessary to compare properly the impact of these regimens on patient survival.
Titanate Fibroin Nanocomposites: A Novel Approach for the Removal of Heavy-Metal Ions from water (2017)

In this study, we report the fabrication of nanocomposites made of titanate nanosheets immobilized in a solid matrix of regenerated silk fibroin as novel heavy-metal-ion removal systems. The capacity of these nanocomposite films to remove lead, mercury, and copper cations from water was investigated, and as shown by the elemental quantitative analysis performed, their removal capacity is 73 mmol/g for all of the ions tested. We demonstrate that the nanocomposites can efficiently retain the adsorbed ions, with no release of titanate nanosheets occurring even after several exposure cycles to ionic solutions, eliminating the risk of release of potentially hazardous nanosubstances to the environment. We also prove that the introduction of sodium ions in the nanocomposite formulation makes the materials highly selective toward the lead ions. The developed biopolymer nanocomposites can be potentially used for the efficient removal of heavy-metal-ion pollutants from water and, thanks to their physical and optical characteristics, offer the possibility to be used in sensor applications.
Theoretical studies of tricyclo[1.1.1.01,3]pentane and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical studies of tricyclo[1.1.1.01,3]pentane and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentaneMarshall D. Newton and Jerome M. SchulmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 3, 773–778Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00758a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00758a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views463Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Zinc Borate-Pretreated Poplar Wood Flour/Plastic Composite (2013)

The effect of zinc borate (ZB) treatment on the mechanical and morphological properties of wood flour/polypropylene composites was investigated. Wood flour was first treated with ZB solution (1% w/w in ethanol-distilled water), followed by 24 hours of soaking on an unheated magnetic stirrer hot plate until relatively complete saturation was reached. Then, composites based on ZB-pretreated, ZB-treated-duringmanufacturing, and untreated wood flour, polypropylene and coupling agent were made by melt compounding and then injection molding. The ZB treatment had no significant influence on mechanical properties of the composite with the exception of tensile strength. The composite made with ZB-pretreated wood flour exhibited the same mechanical properties as the composites made with ZB-in-process-treated wood flour; however there were statistically significant differences between flexural modulus and tensile strength of ZB-pretreated composites and ZB-in-process treated ones. Specimens containing the ZB showed lower flexural, tensile, and impact strength compared with the untreated specimens. However, the zinc borate treatments produced modest improvements in hardness performance. The SEM micrographs revealed that the outer surface of the wood fibers was coated by some crystalline deposits of zinc borate.
Assessing the Quality of Instruction In University Economics Courses: Attrition as a Source of Self-Selection Bias in Mean Test Scores (2000)

This paper examines the hypothesis that the quality of instruction influences observed mean test scores through its effects on both individual student performance and on class attrition rates. Since these effects are expected to display opposite signs, the level and dispersion of these scores are biased downward. It is shown that hypothesis tests based on simple mean test scores may yield unreliable and possibly misleading results. Data from classes in the principles of economics are employed to test the hypothesis.
Deeply Etched <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\hbox{SiO}_{2}$</tex></formula> Ridge Waveguide for Sharp Bends (2006)

A deeply etched SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ridge waveguide including the buffer, core, and cladding is presented for realizing sharp bends. The present SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ridge waveguide has a strong confinement at the lateral direction, while it has a weak confinement at the vertical direction. Due to the strong confinement, a sharp bend (with a very small bending radius of about 10 mum) is obtained for an acceptable bending loss. A detailed analysis of the loss in a bent waveguide is given by using a finite-difference method. In order to reduce the transition loss, a narrow bending section with an optimal lateral offset is used. A low leakage loss is obtained by using wide straight waveguides, and linear tapers are used to connect the wide straight section and narrow bent sections