gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyomavirus EGFP‐pseudocapsids: Analysis of model particles for introduction of proteins and peptides into mammalian cells (2005)

A vector for preparation of mouse polyomavirus capsid-like particles for transfer of foreign peptides or proteins into cells was constructed. Model pseudocapsids carrying EGFP fused with the C-terminal part of the VP3 minor protein (EGFP-VLPs) have been prepared and analysed for their ability to be internalised and processed by mouse cells and to activate mouse and human dendritic cells (DC) in vitro. EGFP-VLPs entered mouse epithelial cells, fibroblasts and human and mouse DC efficiently and were processed by both, lysosomes and proteasomes. Surprisingly, they did not induce upregulation of DC co-stimulation molecules or maturation markers in vitro; however, they did induce interleukin 12 secretion.
국민임대주택 입주자의 소득파악 실태와 향후 개선 방향 (2012)

본 연구는 국민임대주택의 정책 성과 및 집행 과정상의 운영 성과 제고 측면에서 국민임대주택 입주자의 소득 파악의 실태를 분석하고 현재 미비점을 개선하는 정책 방향을 제안하는 것이다. 분석에 활용된 자료는 2008년까지 국민임대주택 입주가 완료된 단지를 대상으로 한 입주자 2,000가구(유효표본수 1,763가구)와 국민임대주택 단지 실무자(전국 317개 단지...
Reliability of press-fit pins in printed wiring boards (1975)

Stable electrical and mechanical interconnections can be made within the extreme tolerance limits of ±0.003″ of a specified hole diameter. Specifically, resistance value changes of less than 1 mΩ were obtained after all environmental tests and retention forces were maintained above 12 Ibs. Properly repaired pins had similar maximum resistance changes and minimum retention forces. For all but one resilient cross-section pin, maximum removal forces of over 50 Ibs. were obtained, so repair procedures must be carefully planned. These tests indicate that these limits are viable provided that (a) the drilled hole dimension is specified and controlled to within ± 0.001, (b) the diagonal of the contact is controlled to ±0.001, (c) copper plating shall be minimum 0.001″, (d) the hole size after copper plating shall insure a minimum 0.002″ interference fit, (e) solder plating should not be used to close the gap of tolerance limits unless all previous requirements have been met. Any proposed deviation from these recommendations would have to be justified on the basis of other tests.
Planar Homojunction Gallium Nitride (GaN) P-i-N Device Evaluated for Betavoltaic Energy Conversion: Measurement and Analysis (2016)

Abstract : Isotope power sources provide a continuous flow of energy from decaying isotopes. The operational lifetimes of these power sources are measured in decades, not years. The energy density of isotopes (J/kg) is 106 greater than that of chemical batteries. The energy emitted in the decay of low-energy betas from tritium (3H) and nickel-63 (63Ni) is converted to a trickle charge of electric current. The report describes initial measurements of energy collected in a planar homojunction gallium nitride (GaN) device. The parametric variation of electron beam energy (2.5-16 keV) enables correlation to the beta spectra of both 3H and 63Ni natural decay products. The analysis of the specific isotope-weighted electron beam distribution described predicts the power efficiency of the device structure as a 2-D isotope power source system. This first look at GaN device geometries suggests that optimization of device geometry in subsequent designs will employ a 3-D structure using novel growth techniques along the material crystal axis.
A multifunctional magnetic core–shell fibrous silica sensing probe for highly sensitive detection and removal of Zn<sup>2+</sup> from aqueous solution (2015)

A multifunctional core-shell magnetic fibrous silica sensing probe <bold>AQ-Fe3O4@SiO2@KCC-1</bold> was prepared for the detection, adsorption and removal of Zn<sup>2+</sup> in aqueous solution.
The chemistry of <i>Eremophila</i> spp. XVI. New serrulatanes from <i>Eremophila</i> spp. (1981)

Three new serrulatane diterpenes have been isolated from Eremophila species. Evidence is presented for the structure of (15S)-7,8,16-trihydroxyserrulatan-19-oic acid, isolated as its methyl ester from E. drummondii , serrulat-14-ene-7,8,20-trio1 from E. linearis Chinnock and for (2S)-serrulat-14-ene- 2,7,8,20-tetraol from E. granitica .
SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF MEASUREMENTS OF FOAM TIME (1943)

The foam stability, when measured under standard conditions, of solutions of alcohol in water was found to increase with increasing concentrations of alcohol, but only up to a certain concentration, when any further addition of alcohol decreased the foam stability. This particular concentration where foam stability was maximal (critical foam‐time concentration) was found to be a characteristic for many liquids. The concentrations of alcohols in water which are known to have the highest biological activity (germicidal, toxic) are very similar to these critical foam‐time concentrations. Other experiments also suggest that the germicidal or toxic action of alcohols on suspended cells is connected with the same principles which cause the mixtures to produce a more stable foam at the concentrations which are also biologically most potent. An experiment with Sudan IV in alcoholic solutions shows that at the critical foam‐time concentration, the staining property of Sudan IV is undergoing a change, and suggests that staining may not only depend on the presence of the substance in which the dyestuff is soluble, but also on the presence of a substance in which it is less soluble, or insoluble, and on the ratio between these two substances. I am greatly indebted to Professor J. H. Gaddum and Professor P. C. Cloake for valuable advice and interest in this work.
IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation (2011)

This document describes a stateless, transport-agnostic IPv6-to-IPv6
Network Prefix Translation (NPTv6) function that provides the address
independence benefit associated with IPv4-to-IPv4 NAT (NAPT44), and in
addition provides a 1:1 relationship between addresses in the inside
and outside prefixes, preserving end to end reachability at the
network layer. Requirements Terminology
Selective etching of Si relative to SiO2 without undercutting by CBrF3 plasma (1980)

Etching characteristics with selectivity similar to conventional CF4 plasma etching but without undercutting are realized by plasma-reactive sputter etching, based on the reactivity of the incident ions combining fluorocarbons with low reactive halogens. In particular, the method with CBrF3 is practically useful for selective etching of Si, poly-Si, and Mo relative to SiO2 in high-accuracy pattern transfer.
Concurrent control with “readers” and “writers” (1971)

The problem of the mutual exclusion of several independent processes from simultaneous access to a “critical section” is discussed for the case where there are two distinct classes of processes known as “readers” and “writers.” The “readers” may share the section with each other, but the “writers” must have exclusive access. Two solutions are presented: one for the case where we wish minimum delay for the readers; the other for the case where we wish writing to take place as early as possible.
Affinity of single- or double-stranded oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a thymine photodimer for T4 endonuclease V (1989)

A gene for T4 endonuclease V was constructed by joining chemically synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides and expressed efficiently in Escherichia coli under the control of the E. coli tryptophan promoter. Overproduced T4 endonuclease V, which can cleave thymine photodimers as well as the corresponding phosphodiester linkage of DNA, was used to investigate the precise mode of the reaction with single- or double-stranded synthetic DNA fragments containing a thymine photodimer. The substrates, three oligodeoxyribonucleotides, d(GCGGTTGGCG) (10-mer), d(CGAAGGTTGGAAGC) (14-mer), and d(CACGAAGGTTGGAAGCAC) (18-mer), were prepared by UV irradiation of the nascent oligonucleotides. These single-stranded oligonucleotides were cleaved by the enzyme with a concentration 100 times higher than that required for the corresponding duplexes. The Km values for the TT duplex (14- and 18-mer) were found to be on the order of 10(-8) M. Dissociation constants for the 14- and 18-mer duplexes were measured by a binding assay on a nitrocellulose filter and found to be 10(-9).
Near-infrared monitoring of cerebral oxygen sufficiency: I. Spectra of cytochrome<i>c</i>oxidase (1988)

Near-infrared (NIR) difference spectra were obtained for oxidized cytochrome c oxidase of isolated mitochondria in vitro and of cerebral tissue in situ observed through scalp and skull. The broad peaks of maximal absorption observed in both were not inconsistent with the customary assignment of an 830 nm peak. However, the ratios of the intensity of the NIR band to that of the visible peak (605 nm), which we found to be identical for in-vitro and in-situ spectra, were consistently and significantly higher than those of the various purified enzyme preparations reported in the literature. In addition the half-band widths of our in-vitro and in-situ preparations were narrower. Haemoglobin spectra in the NIR obtained in clear and in highly light-scattering media showed almost total absence of band distortion in this spectral region, suggesting that the differences observed are not due to scattering effects. Anoxia and the specific oxidase inhibitors, cyanide and carbon monoxide, caused the expected disappearance of the band in both the mitochondria in vitro and the cerebrum in situ. The 830 nm band observed in intact, well-oxygenated animal preparations was therefore identified with the NIR absorption band of oxidized cytochrome c oxidase, notwithstanding the differences with the observations on purified preparations. This points to the possibility of developing instrumentation and techniques for the non-invasive monitoring of the redox state of cytochrome c oxidase as an index to cerebral oxygen sufficiency, i.e. adequate delivery and utilization of oxygen to and by brain tissue.
Noninvasive diagnosis of delayed gastric emptying from cutaneous electrogastrograms using neural networks (2002)

The currently established gastric emptying test requires the patient to take a radioactive test meal and to stay under a gamma camera for acquiring abdominal images for 2 hours. It is invasive and expensive. Since the electrogastrogram (EGG) is a cutaneous recording of gastric myoelectrical activity which modulates gastric motor activity, we hypothesized that delayed gastric emptying might be predicted from the EGG using a neural network approach. In this study, simultaneous recordings of the EGG and the emptying rate of the stomach by means of the established method were made in 152 patients with suspected gastric motility disorders. A multilayer feedforward neural network approach for the diagnosis of delayed gastric emptying from the noninvasive EGG was developed. Using 5 spectral parameters of the EGG as inputs, a correct classification of 85% was achieved with an optimized three-layer network. This study indicates that the neural network approach is a potentially useful tool for the noninvasive diagnosis of delayed gastric emptying.
Effect of the immune modulating agents cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cyclosporin A on an animal model of granulomatous bowel disease. (1990)

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cyclosporin A on a model of granulomatous infiltration in the terminal ileum and draining lymph nodes of the guinea pig. Treatment groups of six animals were used and compared to untreated groups of 12. Epithelioid cell granulomas and primary macrophage granulomas were induced by the inoculation of BCG (Pasteur) and irradiated Mycobacterium leprae respectively into the terminal ileum of the guinea pig. The response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin was reduced in both groups of animals receiving any of these agents. Cyclophosphamide and methotrexate treated animals inoculated with BCG or M leprae showed a significant reduction of granulomatous infiltration at the inoculation site (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.001 respectively). BCG inoculated animals treated with either hydrocortisone or cyclosporin A showed no reduction in granulomatous infiltration at either the inoculation site or the draining lymph nodes. By contrast M leprae inoculated animals receiving either of these agents showed a significant reduction of granulomatous infiltration at both the inoculation site (p less than 0.001) and in the primary draining lymph node (p less than 0.001). Ziehl Neelsen staining showed an increased proportion of animals with detectable acid fast bacilli (AFB) at the inoculation site in the groups receiving hydrocortisone (50%) and methotrexate (67%) compared to untreated controls (8%). No AFB were observed in any of the animals inoculated with M leprae. In conclusion, this model may be helpful in elucidating the mechanism of T lymphocyte response in Crohn's disease and the variable clinical response seen with the use of immunosuppressive agents in this condition.
New Analytic Expressions of Photographic Characteristic Curves (1975)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. E. S. Green and R. D. McPeters, "New Analytic Expressions of Photographic Characteristic Curves," Appl. Opt. 14, 271-272 (1975) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Conformational analysis. 36. Preferred conformations of 5-substituted 1,3-dioxanes with sulfur-containing and ether functions in the side chain (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational analysis. 36. Preferred conformations of 5-substituted 1,3-dioxanes with sulfur-containing and ether functions in the side chainErnest L. Eliel, Duraisamy Kandasamy, and Randale C. SechrestCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 9, 1533–1538Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00429a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00429a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A scalable 2 V, 20 GHz FPGA using SiGe HBT BiCMOS technology (2003)

This paper presents a new power saving, high speed FPGA design enhancing a previous SiGe CML FPGA based on the Xilinx 6200 FPGA. The design aims at having a higher performance but minimizing power consumption. The new SiGe process has traded off the circuit's performance for reduced power consumption. The power supply voltage has been reduced from 3.4 V to 2.0 V. The structure of the Basic Cell, including the Configurable Logic Block (CLB) and routing multiplexers (MUXs), has been modified so that the supply voltage reduction can be attained. Simulations have shown that the gate delay of the new Basic Cell is reduced from 130 ps in the prior design to 51 ps. The total power consumption for each Basic Cell has been reduced 94% from 71 mW to 4.2 mW, making a large scale FPGA feasible. This design is currently under fabrication for testing.
Vessel layer separation in x-ray angiograms with fully convolutional network (2018)

Percutaneous coronary intervention is a minimally-invasive procedure to treat coronary artery disease. In such procedures, X-ray angiography, a real-time imaging technique, is commonly used for image guidance to identify lesion sites and navigate catheters and guide-wires within coronary arteries. Due to the physical nature of X-ray imaging, photon energy undergoes absorption when penetrating tissues, rendering a 2D projection image of a 3D scene, in which semi-transparent structures overlap with each other. The overlapping structures make robust information processing of X-ray images challenging. To tackle this issue, layer separation techniques for X-ray images were proposed to separate those structures into different image layers based on structure appearance or motion pattern. These techniques have been proven effective for vessel enhancement in X-ray angiograms. However, layer separation approaches still suffer either from spurious structures or non-real-time processing, which prevent their application in clinics. Purpose of this work is to investigate whether vessel layer separation from X-ray angiography images is possible via a data-driven strategy. To this end, we develop and evaluate a deep learning based method to extract the vessel layer. More specifically, U-Net, a fully convolutional network architecture, was trained to separate the vessel layer from the background. The results of our experiments show good vessel layer separation on 42 clinical sequences. Compared to the previous state-of-the-art, our proposed method has similar performance but runs much faster, which makes it a potential real-time clinical application.
A study of crisis (1997)

As the twentieth century draws to a close, it is time to look back on an epoch of widespread turmoil, including two world wars, the end of the colonial era in world history, and a large number of international crises and conflicts. This book is designed to shed light on the causes and consequences of military-security crises since the end of World War I, in every region, across diverse economic and political regimes, and cultures. The primary aim of this volume is to uncover patterns of crises, conflicts and wars and thereby to contribute to the advancement of international peace and world order.The culmination of more than twenty years of research by Michael Brecher and Jonathan Wilkenfeld, the book analyzes crucial themes about crisis, conflict, and war and presents systematic knowledge about more than 400 crises, thirty-one protracted conflicts and almost 900 state participants. The authors explore many aspects of conflict, including the ethnic dimension, the effect of different kinds of political regimes--notably the question whether democracies are more peaceful than authoritarian regimes, and the role of violence in crisis management. They employ both case studies and aggregate data analysis in a Unified Model of Crisis to focus on two levels of analysis--hostile interactions among states, and the behavior of decision-makers who must cope with the challenge posed by a threat to values, time pressure, and the increased likelihood that military hostilities will engulf them.This book will appeal to scholars in history, political science, sociology, and economics as well as policy makers interested in the causes and effects of crises in international relations. The rich data sets will serve researchers for years to come as they probe additional aspects of crisis, conflict and war in international relations.Michael Brecher is R. B. Angus Professor of Political Science, McGill University. Jonathan Wilkenfeld is Professor and Chair of the Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland. They are the coauthors of Crises in the Twentieth Century: A Handbook of International Crisis, among other books and articles.
Forecasting power market clearing price using neural networks (2002)

Deregulation of the electric power industry worldwide raises many challenging issues. Forecasting the hourly market clearing prices (MCPs) in the daily power markets is the most essential task and a basis for any decision making. One approach to predict the market behaviors is to use the historical prices, quantities and other information to forecast the future prices. The basic idea is to use history and other estimated factors in the future to "fit" and "extrapolate" the prices. Aiming at this challenging task, we developed a neural network method to forecast the MCPs for the California day-ahead energy markets. The structure of the neural network we used is a three-layer backpropagation network. The historical MCPs and quantities of California day-ahead energy market, the ISO load forecasts and other public information that may influence the markets are used for training, validating and forecasting test. Preliminary results show that our method is promising.
New Workover and Completion Technology Utilised in Bass Strait (2000)

Abstract As production from the Gippsland Basin in Bass Strait Australia passes the 30 year mark, the need to find innovative techniques to maximise production from this world class maturing basin is a principle priority for the operator. To address this issue, Esso Australia, on behalf of the 50:50 joint venture with BHP, recently embarked on a concentrated program to trial and evaluate several new technologies being developed by industry. This paper discusses several technologies that were employed to increase production, enhance reservoir recovery and improve well integrity. Varying degrees of success were achieved during these trials and the successes, failures and lessons learned will be outlined. The technologies discussed include: Scab liners with inflatable packers set through tubing in horizontal wells to isolate water/gas production;Gas and water shut off techniques utilising polymer technology;Wellhead leak sealing technology using differential pressure-set coagulating polymers;Wirelineless completions using expendable plugs and perforating gun hanger systems on space limited platforms (during infill drilling operations);Through-tubing deep penetration perforating charges used to stimulate production from wells with extensive near wellbore damage; andMini-fracturing gas stimulation technology used on poor performing reservoirs. The high level of mechanical success combined with encouraging reservoir success in some instances is promoting a continued search for further production enhancing techniques.
Reduced cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA is a biomarker for early‐stage Parkinson's disease (2015)

The identification of cell-free circulating mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) raised the possibility that the same neurodegenerative effect could be observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, and for the first time, we investigated the role of ccf-mtDNA in PD, identifying a significant reduction of ccf-mtDNA in PD patient cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when compared to controls. Our data demonstrates that CSF ccf-mtDNA is not only a powerful biomarker for PD, but, given that the effect is also observed in AD, is likely a biomarker for neurodegeneration.
Living in Space (1993)

In this educational video from the 'Liftoff to Learning' series, astronauts from the STS-56 Mission (Ken Cockrell, Mike Foale, Ellen Ochoa, Steve Oswald, and Ken Cameron) explain and show through demonstrations how microgravity affects the way astronauts live onboard the Space Shuttle, and how these same daily habits or processes differ on Earth. A tour of the Space Shuttle is given, including the sleeping compartments, the kitchen area, the storage compartments, and the Waste Collection System (or WCS, as they call it). Daily habits (brushing teeth, shampooing hair and bathing, eating,...) are explained and actively illustrated, along with reasons of how these applications differ from their employment on Earth.