gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies For the Determination of Moxifloxacin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Using UV Spectroscopy (2021)

The objective of this work was to develop and validate spectrophotometric method for moxifloxacin for analysis. A very simple, unique, novel, reliable and easy method of spectrophotometric estimation in UV-region has been developed for the assay of moxifloxacin tablet formulation and also to perform forced degradation studies. Method: water was used as diluents to perform all the validation parameters and stress studies. Results: ICH guidelines were adopted during the method development and the method was validated statistically by calculating RSD and %RSD. The drug obeys Beer’s lamberts law at 1-10 mcg/ml concentration. Accuracy, Linearity, precision and robustness LOD at 3.3 ppb levels, LOQ at 11.2 ppb levels was performed. % of drug Degradations at different parameters were determined. Conclusion: - This method can be used for the routine laboratory analysis and can extend the studies to chromatographic techniques.
Toward the optical “magic carpet”: reducing the divergence of a light sheet below the diffraction limit (2015)

In 3D, diffraction-free or Bessel beams are well known and have found applications in diverse fields. An analog in 2D, or pseudonondiffracting (PND) beams, is a nontrivial problem, and existing methods suffer from deficiencies. For example, Airy beams are not highly localized, some PND beams have significant side lobes, and a cosine beam has to be truncated by a very narrow aperture thus discarding most of the energy. We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that it is possible to generate a quasi-nondiffracting 2D light beam in a simple and efficient fashion. This is achieved by placing a mask consisting of a pair of double slits on a cylindrical lens. The applications include light sheet microscopy/optical sectioning and particle manipulation.
Improved high-frequency response of InGaAsP double-channel buried-heterostructure lasers (1986)

Several modifications of the InGaAsP double-channel buried-heterostructure laser diode are described with reduced parasitic capacitances in order to improve the modulation speed of the laser chip. The parasitic capacitances of the various devices are measured and the data are described in terms of an improved microwave circuit model for BH lasers. A modulation bandwidth of more than 3 GHz is experimentally obtained by means of proton isolation of the laser chip outside the active region.
CvxNet: Learnable Convex Decomposition (2019)

Any solid object can be decomposed into a collection of convex polytopes (in short, convexes). When a small number of convexes are used, such a decomposition can be thought of as a piece-wise approximation of the geometry. This decomposition is fundamental in computer graphics, where it provides one of the most common ways to approximate geometry, for example, in real-time physics simulation. A convex object also has the property of being simultaneously an explicit and implicit representation: one can interpret it explicitly as a mesh derived by computing the vertices of a convex hull, or implicitly as the collection of half-space constraints or support functions. Their implicit representation makes them particularly well suited for neural network training, as they abstract away from the topology of the geometry they need to represent. However, at testing time, convexes can also generate explicit representations -- polygonal meshes -- which can then be used in any downstream application. We introduce a network architecture to represent a low dimensional family of convexes. This family is automatically derived via an auto-encoding process. We investigate the applications of this architecture including automatic convex decomposition, image to 3D reconstruction, and part-based shape retrieval.
Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Carbon Fiber−Epoxy Composites (2007)

Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are explored as nanoreinforcement for carbon fiber/epoxy composites. SWNTs functionalized with carboxylic acid groups (SWNT−COOH) are dispersed in epoxy and are used for infiltration of carbon fabric (CF) by the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique to fabricate SWNT−COOH/epoxy/CF composites. Mechanical tests demonstrate that the incorporation of SWNT−COOH improves the mechanical performance of the composites and produces a 40% enhancement of the shear strength at a SWNT−COOH loading of 0.5 wt %.
Latern: Dynamic Continuous Hand Gesture Recognition Using FMCW Radar Sensor (2018)

Recently, hand gesture recognition systems have become increasingly interesting to researchers in the field of human-computer interfaces. Real-world systems for human dynamic hand gesture recognition is challenging as: 1) the system must be robust to various conditions; 2) there is a rich diversity in how people perform hand gestures, making hand gesture recognition difficult; and 3) the system must detect and recognize hand gestures continuously using unsegmented input streams in order to avoid noticeable lag between performing a gesture and its classification. In this paper, to address these challenges, we present Latern, a novel system for dynamic continuous hand gesture recognition based on a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar sensor. The radar system does not depend on lighting, noise, or atmospheric conditions. We employ a recurrent 3-D convolutional neural network to perform the classification of dynamic hand gestures. To enhance the processing performance, a connectionist temporal classification algorithm is used to train the network to predict class labels from inprogress gestures in unsegmented input streams. The experimental results show that Latern is able to achieve high recognition rates of 96%, which is higher than state-of-the-art hand gesture recognition systems. In addition, the conclusion in this paper can be used for a real-time hand gesture recognition system design.
Band structures of HgCdTe and HgZnTe alloys and superlattices (1990)

The band structures of HgTe, CdTe, ZnTe, the alloys Hg1-xCdxTe (HCT) and Hg1-xZnxTe (HZT) and several small-gap superlattices (SL) are calculated using a tight-binding model. The authors calculations show a nearly linear dependence of the energy gap on the concentration in HCT, but a strong non-linear variation in HZT. The electron mass as a function of the band gap is found to be the same in HCT and HZT in the small-gap region. Their calculated SL bands, in fair agreement with the most recent experiments and theories, support the assumption of a large valence band offset (350 meV) between HgTe and CdTe.
THE USE OF SOME THIOLACTIC ANILIDES IN INORGANIC ANALYSIS (1956)

Six new thiolactic anilides were prepared and their usefulness in analysis was investigated. In most cases Ag, Pb, Hg<sup>I </sup>, Hg<sup>II</sup> , Cu<sup>II</sup>, Cd, Bi, Sb, Fe<sup>III</sup>, Ni, Co, Zn and molybdate Were found to form complexes. Sensitivities for Ni and Co were found ont. A nickel complex was analysed and found to contain two molecules of the reagent per atom of nickel.
C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Protein 11 (CTRP11), a Novel Adipose Stroma-derived Regulator of Adipogenesis (2013)

C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs) are a family of secreted regulators of glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, we describe CTRP11, a novel and phylogenetically conserved member of the C1q family. Our studies revealed that white and brown adipose are major tissues that express CTRP11, and its expression is acutely regulated by changes in metabolic state. Within white adipose tissue, CTRP11 is primarily expressed by stromal vascular cells. As a secreted multimeric protein, CTRP11 forms disulfide-linked oligomers. Although the conserved N-terminal Cys-28 and Cys-32 are dispensable for the assembly of higher-order oligomeric structures, they are unexpectedly involved in modulating protein secretion. When co-expressed, CTRP11 forms heteromeric complexes with closely related CTRP10, CTRP13, and CRF (CTRP14) via the C-terminal globular domains, combinatorial associations that potentially generate functionally distinct complexes. Functional studies revealed a role for CTRP11 in regulating adipogenesis. Ectopic expression of CTRP11 or exposure to recombinant protein inhibited differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, which drive the adipogenic gene program, was markedly suppressed by CTRP11. Impaired adipogenesis was caused by a CTRP11-mediated decrease in p42/44-MAPK signaling and inhibition of mitotic clonal expansion, a process essential for adipocyte differentiation in culture. These results implicate CTRP11 as a novel secreted regulator of adipogenesis and highlight the potential paracrine cross-talk between adipocytes and cells of the stromal vascular compartment in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis.
Resonant modes in shielded uniaxial-anisotropic dielectric rod resonators (1993)

Rigorous field analysis by the mode-matching method is presented for dielectric rod resonators, including such uniaxial dielectrics as sapphire, which are placed between two parallel conducting plates or in a conducting cavity. The wave equations for E/sub Z/ and H/sub Z/ in a uniaxial anisotropic dielectric medium are derived in a cylindrical coordinate system. Based on these wave equations, the characteristic equations for the two resonator structures are derived and can be used to calculate the resonant frequencies of any resonant mode. Cutoff conditions of the resonant modes are discussed for parallel-plate-type resonators. Resonant frequencies of some lower order modes are calculated for both types of resonator. Mode charts useful for designing the resonators are presented. It is verified that the mode-matching method used commonly for the analysis of isotropic-dielectric resonators can be applied successfully to uniaxial-dielectric resonators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lightning protection of distribution lines (1994)

This paper reports a study of distribution line lightning performance, using computer simulations of lightning overvoltages. The results of previous investigations are extended with a detailed model of induced voltages from nearby strokes, coupled into a realistic power system model. The paper also considers the energy duty of distribution-class surge arresters exposed to direct strokes. The principal result is that widely separated pole-top arresters can effectively protect a distribution line from induced-voltage flashovers. This means that nearby lightning strokes need not be a significant lightning performance problem for most distribution lines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon Nitride: Encapsulant Layers for Annealing Gallium Arsenide (1978)

Noncrystalline layers are grown at low temperatures by the chemical reaction of silane and ammonia, and at extremely high deposition rates (120Å/sec) which is 50 times higher than the usual deposition rates. Correlations between growth conditions and layer properties are studied. The growth conditions for obtaining the most suitable encapsulant layers for the annealing of ion‐implanted are: gas feed rates of silane, ammonia, and nitrogen carrier gas of 5, 200, and 1500 ml/min, respectively, and a growth temperature of 700°C. Layers formed under these conditions have a refractive index of 1.95 and an etch rate of 500 Å/min in 50% solution. These values are nearly equal to that of conventional layers deposited at lower deposition rates. Auger electron spectroscopic analysis shows an oxygen concentration below the detection limit (<0.1 atom percent) and a uniform Si/N ratio along the thickness direction. Out‐diffusion of Ga and As into the layer does not occur on 900°C annealing. No cracks are formed when thin layers, less than 1200Å thick, are deposited on substrates. These layers are useful as encapsulant films for the annealing of .
Directed epitope delivery across the <i>Escherichia coli</i> outer membrane through the porin OmpF (2010)

The porins OmpF and OmpC are trimeric β-barrel proteins with narrow channels running through each monomer that exclude molecules > 600 Da while mediating the passive diffusion of small nutrients and metabolites across the Gram-negative outer membrane (OM). Here, we elucidate the mechanism by which an entire soluble protein domain (> 6 kDa) is delivered through the lumen of such porins. Following high-affinity binding to the vitamin B(12) receptor in Escherichia coli, the bacteriocin ColE9 recruits OmpF or OmpC using an 83-residue intrinsically unstructured translocation domain (IUTD) to deliver a 16-residue TolB-binding epitope (TBE) in the center of the IUTD to the periplasm where it triggers toxin entry. We demonstrate that the IUTD houses two OmpF-binding sites, OBS1 (residues 2-18) and OBS2 (residues 54-63), which flank the TBE and bind with K(d)s of 2 and 24 μM, respectively, at pH 6.5 and 25 ºC. We show the two OBSs share the same binding site on OmpF and that the colicin must house at least one of them for antibiotic activity. Finally, we report the structure of the OmpF-OBS1 complex that shows the colicin bound within the porin lumen spanning the membrane bilayer. Our study explains how colicins exploit porins to deliver epitope signals to the bacterial periplasm and, more broadly, how the inherent flexibility and narrow cross-sectional area of an IUP domain can endow it with the ability to traverse a biological membrane via the constricted lumen of a β-barrel membrane protein.
A compact enhanced-bandwidth hybrid ring using a left-handed transmission line section (2003)

A novel compact enhanced-bandwidth hybrid ring using a left-banded (LH) transmission line (TL) is proposed. The LH-TL is used in replacement of the 270/spl deg/ TL of the conventional hybrid ring. The proposed hybrid shows a 54% bandwidth enhancement and 67% size reduction compared to the conventional hybrid at 2 GHz. The working principle is explained and the performances of the components are demonstrated by measurement results.
Etching studies on lutetium yttrium orthosilicate Lu<sub>x</sub>Y<sub>2-x</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>:Ce (LYSO) scintillator crystals (2010)

Surface dissolution has been investigated on {100}, {010}, {001}, {110} and {101} oriented Lu1.6Y0.4SiO5:Ce crystal samples by using orthophosphoric acid up to 180°C. Depending on the etching temperature and surface orientation smooth or bunched surfaces were produced. In order to study the effect of the etching process on the scintillation properties temperature dependent optical absorption measurements were carried out up to 236°C. It was found that depending on the post-growth history of the sample, etching may influence the scintillation mechanism by modifying the concentration of shallow traps.
Further characterization of platelet-type von Willebrand's disease in Japan (1984)

Abstract We studied four patients who showed aggregation of platelets in platelet-rich plasma at lower concentrations of ristocetin than those required for normal platelet-rich plasma and who demonstrated an increased capacity of the platelets to bind normal von Willebrand factor. The four patients were from two Japanese families. Platelets from one family aggregated spontaneously in vitro, and platelets from both families aggregated upon the addition of normal plasma and cryoprecipitate, in the absence of ristocetin or other agonists. Analysis of the multimeric composition of von Willebrand factor by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a decrease in large multimers or a decrease in both large and intermediate multimers in plasma, but normal multimers in platelets. 1-Deamino-[8-D- arginine]-vasopressin caused by an immediate appearance of larger multimers in plasma, followed by the rapid disappearance of these multimers from circulating plasma. Analysis of platelet membrane glycoproteins from the patients showed that there were two distinct bands in the glycoprotein I region; one migrated in a slower region and the other in a faster region than normal glycoprotein Ib. We suggest that the platelet receptor abnormality in these patients is related to this abnormality of glycoprotein Ib.
Variation in rates of caesarean section among English NHS trusts after accounting for maternal and clinical risk: cross sectional study (2010)

Characteristics of women delivering at NHS trusts differ, and comparing unadjusted rates of caesarean section should be avoided. Adjusted rates of caesarean section still vary considerably and attempts to reduce this variation should examine issues linked to emergency caesarean section.
Interfacial coupling between noble metal nanoparticles and metal–organic frameworks for enhanced catalytic activity (2018)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential to become innovative heterogeneous supports for immobilizing catalytically active noble metal nanoparticles (NPs). However, unlike metal oxide supports, the interfacial interactions between noble metal NPs and MOFs are currently neglected, thus dramatically diminishing the advantage of MOFs as supports. Herein, ZIFs(Co/Zn)@M (M = Pd, Pt or Au) nanocomposites with well-defined interfaces are synthesized and used as catalysts in gas-phase CO oxidation and liquid-phase C6H5CHO oxidation. Notably, in both reactions, ZIF-67(Co)@M samples exhibit better catalytic activity than ZIF-8(Zn)@M samples, and moreover, the catalytic activity of ZIFs@Pd is higher than that of ZIFs@Pt and ZIFs@Au samples. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the enhanced catalytic activity originates from the interfacial electron transfer from ZIFs to noble metal NPs as well as the coupling between d band of noble metal in NPs and metal node in ZIFs.
Parallel merge sort (1986)

We give a parallel implementation of merge sort on a CREW PRAM that uses n processors and O(logn) time; the constant in the running time is small. We also give a more complex version of the algorithm for the EREW PRAM; it also uses n processors and O(logn) time. The constant in the running time is still moderate, though not as small.
1.3 μm Raman fiber amplifiers (2002)

The majority of installed terrestrial fiber optic communications systems currently operated in the second communications window at wavelengths near 1.3 /spl mu/m. A low-noise fiber optical amplifier is a strongly desired component for many of these systems. We have investigated two configurations for Raman amplification in silica fibers at 1.3 /spl mu/m. The first is to generate the third Stokes order at 1240 nm in a cascaded Raman laser pumping with a Nd/sup 3+/ fiber laser at 1060 nm, and then pumping a separate length of silica fiber to achieve amplification at 1.3 /spl mu/m. This has the advantages of separated optimization of the Raman laser and amplifier sections, choosing between co- and counter-propagating amplification, and the ability to achieve distributed Raman amplification in a standard silica transmission fiber. The second configuration is to write highly reflective Bragg fiber gratings in a section of silica fiber through the first three orders, thereby increasing the circulating power at the third Stokes frequency, and then inject a 1.3 /spl mu/m signal (4th Stokes) through this resonant structure.
Altered vascular function after adenovirus-mediated overexpression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (1997)

Gene transfer with replication-deficient adenovirus is a potentially useful tool to study vascular biology. We have constructed a replication-deficient adenovirus (AdRSVeNOS) that carries cDNA for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Transfection of COS-1 cells with AdRSVeNOS increased nitric oxide synthase activity (measured as production of L-citrulline from L-arginine) that was calcium dependent and inhibited by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. To investigate effects of overexpression of eNOS on vascular function, we incubated common carotid arteries from rabbits in organ culture with AdRSVeNOS or AdRSV beta gal encoding beta-galactosidase. Transgene expression and responses to vasoactive agents were examined 1 day after transduction. Histochemical staining of beta-galactosidase and immunohistochemistry for eNOS indicated transgene expression in endothelium and adventitial cells. After precontraction with phenylephrine, vessels treated with AdRSVeNOS demonstrated greater relaxation to acetylcholine than vessels treated with vehicle or AdRSV beta gal. Relaxation to calcium ionophore A-23187 was much greater in vessels treated with AdRSVeNOS than in vessels treated with vehicle or AdRSV beta gal. Augmented relaxation in response to A-23187 was also observed after denudation of endothelium in vessels treated with AdRSVeNOS and was inhibited by N omega-nitro-L-arginine. Thus vasorelaxation in response to stimuli that release nitric oxide is augmented after adenovirus-mediated overexpression of eNOS. Transgene expression in adventitial cells appears to be sufficient to alter vasomotor function.
RF operation of MOSFETs under integrated inductors (2006)

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the operation of a CMOS single-chip three-dimensional inductor over a MOSFET structure at RF frequencies. Active circuitry is placed underneath the integrated inductors in order to take advantage of the vacant space. Measurements indicate that the operation of the MOSFET and of the inductor is affected in a predictable manner. The paper theoretically investigates the interaction between the two elements,analyzes the origin of all appearing effects and compares the theory with the experimental data from a typical CMOS process. Moreover, this study proposes possible applications and design guides and confirms the attractiveness of the inductor over MOSFET placement.
Evidence for the Absolute Conformational Specificity of the Intestinal H+/Peptide Symporter, PEPT1 (1998)

This study was initiated to determine whether the intestinal H+/peptide symporter PEPT1 differentiates between the peptide bond conformers of substrates. We synthesized a modified dipeptide where the peptide bond is replaced by the isosteric thioxo peptide bond. The Ala-Pro derivative Ala-psi[CS-N]-Pro exists as a mixture of cis and trans conformation in aqueous solution and is characterized by a low cis/trans isomerization rate. The compound was recognized by PEPT1 with high affinity. The Ki value of Ala-psi[CS-N]-Pro for the inhibition of the uptake of radiolabeled glycylsarcosine in Caco-2 cells was 0.30 +/- 0.02 mM, determined in solution with 96% trans conformation. In contrast, the Ki value was 0.51 +/- 0.02 mM when uptake media with 62% trans conformer were used. We conclude that only the trans conformer interacts with the transport system. From our data, a significant affinity of the cis conformer at PEPT1 cannot be derived. In a second approach, conformer-specific uptake of Ala-psi[CS-N]-Pro was studied by analyzing the intracellular content of Caco-2 cells following transport as well as the composition of the extracellular medium using capillary electrophoresis. The percentage of trans conformer that was 62% in the uptake medium increased to 92% inside the cells. This is the first direct evidence that an H+/peptide cotransport system selectively binds and transports the trans conformer of a peptide derivative.