gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Telomere Shortening in Kidneys with Age (2000)

The histology and function of the kidney deteriorates with age and age-related diseases, but the mechanisms involved in renal aging are not known. In vitro studies suggest that telomere shortening is important in replicative senescence, and is accelerated by stresses that increase replication. This study explored the relationship between age and telomere length in surgical samples from 24 human kidneys, which were either histologically normal (17) or displayed histologic abnormalities (7). Telomere loss was assessed by two independent methods: Southern blotting of terminal restriction fragments (TRF) and slot blotting using telomere-specific probes. The results of these methods correlated with each other. The mean TRF length determined by Southern blotting in cortex was about 12 kb pairs (kbp) in infancy and was shorter in older kidneys. The slope of the regression line was about 0.029 kbp (0.24%, P = 0.023) per year. Telomere DNA loss in cortex by the slot blot method was 0.25% per year (P = 0.011). By both methods, the telomere loss in medulla was not significant and was less than in cortex. Comparisons of TRF length from 20 paired samples from cortex and medulla showed that TRF was greater in cortex than medulla, with the differences being greater in young kidneys and lessening with age due to telomere loss in cortex. These findings indicate that telomeres shorten in an age-dependent manner in the kidney, either due to developmental factors or aging, particularly in renal cortex.
Recent developments in microbial oils production: a possible alternative to vegetable oils for biodiesel without competition with human food? (2012)

Since centuries vegetable oils are consumed as human food but it also finds applications in biodiesel production which is attracting more attention. But due to being in competition with food it could not be sustainable and leads the need to search for alternative. Nowdays microbes-derived oils (single cell oils) seem to be alternatives for biodiesel production due to their similar composition to that of vegetable oils. However, the cold flow properties of the biodiesel produced from microbial oils are unacceptable and have to be modified by an efficient transesterification. Glycerol which is by product of transesterification can be valorised into some more useful products so that it can also be utilised along with biodiesel to simplify the downstream processing. The review paper discusses about various potent microorganisms for biodiesel production, enzymes involved in the lipid accumulation, lipid quantification methods, catalysts used in transesterification (including enzymatic catalyst) and valorisation of glycerol.
Ketenes. XV. Synthesis and reactions of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxaspiro[3.5]nona-5,8-diene-2,7-dione (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKetenes. XV. Synthesis and reactions of 3,3-dimethyl-1-oxaspiro[3.5]nona-5,8-diene-2,7-dioneJames Cuthbert Martin, James L. Chitwood, P. Glenn Gott, and James J. KrutakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 16, 2216–2222Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00815a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00815a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Induction of platelet‐derived growth factor A and B chains and over‐expression of their receptors in human pancreatic cancer (1995)

Expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and PDGF receptors was examined in cultured human pancreatic cancer cells, in the normal human pancreas and in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. mRNA transcripts encoding PDGF A and B chains, and PDGF receptor beta (PDGFR beta) were present in PANC-I and HPAF human pancreatic cancer cells. Transforming growth factor beta I (TGF-beta I), but not PDGF-AA or -BB, enhanced PDGF A and B chain mRNA levels in both cell lines. In the normal human pancreas PDGF A chain mRNA levels were relatively abundant, whereas PDGF B chain mRNA levels were not detected and PDGF receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha) and beta mRNA transcripts were present at low levels. PDGF immunoreactivity was present in islet cells, and PDGFR alpha was present in acinar cells, whereas PDGFR beta was present in acinar cells and in the connective tissue. In the pancreatic cancers, PDGF A chain mRNA transcripts were also abundant, and 6 of 13 samples exhibited the PDGF B chain mRNA transcript. In addition, there was a 7-fold increase in the levels of PDGFR alpha and PDGFR beta in the cancer samples by comparison with the normal pancreas. By immunohistochemistry, PDGF and both PDGF receptors were present in the cancer cells, and PDGFR beta was abundant in fibroblasts and endothelial cells within the connective tissue.
Anthocyanins Protect Against A2E Photooxidation and Membrane Permeabilization in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (2005)

The pyridinium bisretinoid A2E, an autofluorescent pigment that accumulates in retinal pigment epithelial cells with age and in some retinal disorders, can mediate a detergent-like perturbation of cell membranes and light-induced damage to the cell. The photodynamic events initiated by the sensitization of A2E include the generation of singlet oxygen and the oxidation of A2E at carbon-carbon double bonds. To assess the ability of plant-derived anthocyanins to modulate adverse effects of A2E accumulation on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, these flavylium salts were isolated from extracts of bilberry. Nine anthocyanin fractions reflecting monoglycosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin and malvidin were obtained and all were shown to suppress the photooxidation of A2E at least in part by quenching singlet oxygen. The anthocyanins tested exhibited antioxidant activity of variable efficiency. The structural characteristics relevant to this variability likely included the ability to form a stable quinonoidal anhydro base at neutral pH, a conjugated diene structure in the C (pyrane) ring, the presence of hydroxyl groups on the B (benzene) ring and the relative hydrophobicity conferred by the arrangement of substituents on the B ring. Cells that had taken up anthocyanins also exhibited a resistance to the membrane permeabilization that occurs as a result of the detergent-like action of A2E.
The catalase activity of ferrihaems (1973)

1. The variation of the specific stoicheiometric catalatic activity of proto- and deuteroferrihaem with total ferrihaem concentration has been studied at 25 degrees C over a wide range of pH. For deuteroferrihaem the results imply that only monomeric ferrihaem species contribute significantly to the catalatic activity. Protoferrihaem is more highly dimerized in solution and, in this system, contributions to the catalatic activity from both monomeric and dimeric ferrihaem species were observed. The ratio of the specific activity of protoferrihaem monomer to that of dimer varied from approximately 20 at pH7 to 5x10(4) at pH12.2. 2. The specific activity of protoferrihaem monomer closely resembles that of deuteroferrihaem monomer, both in magnitude and pH-dependence. In both cases the activity is inversely proportional to [H(+)]. In contrast, the activity of catalase is independent of pH in the range 5-10. At pH13 the activity of ferrihaem monomer becomes equal to the maximal activity of catalase. The results are in good agreement with those reported by Brown et al. (1970b) and provide support for the assumptions upon which this previous analysis relied. 3. Information from the literature concerning the catalatic activity and dimerization of the iron(III) complex of 4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulphophthalocyanine (Waldmeier & Sigel, 1971; Sigel et al., 1971) have been re-analysed. The results imply that both the monomeric and dimeric complexes contribute to catalatic activity and these activities closely resemble those of the corresponding protoferrihaem species.
Transcriptional profiling in mouse skeletal muscle following a single bout of voluntary running: evidence of increased cell proliferation (2005)

Skeletal muscle undergoes adaptation following repetitive bouts of exercise. We hypothesize that transcriptional reprogramming and cellular remodeling start in the early phase of long-term training and play an important role in skeletal muscle adaptation. The aim of this study was to define the global mRNA expression in mouse plantaris muscle during (run for 3 and 12 h) and after (3, 6, 12, and 24 h postexercise) a single bout of voluntary running and compare it with that after long-term training (4 wk of running). Among 15,832 gene elements surveyed in a high-density cDNA microarray analysis, 900 showed more than twofold changes at one or more time points. K-means clustering and cumulative hypergeometric probability distribution analyses revealed a significant enrichment of genes involved in defense, cell cycle, cell adhesion and motility, signal transduction, and apoptosis, with induced expression patterns sharing similar patterns with that of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor A. We focused on the finding of a delayed (at 24 h postexercise) induction of mRNA expression of cell cycle genes origin recognition complex 1, cyclin A2, and cell division 2 homolog A (Schizoccharomyces pombe) and confirmed increased cell proliferation by in vivo 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling following voluntary running. X-ray irradiation of the hindlimb significantly diminished exercise-induced 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. These findings suggest that a single bout of voluntary running activates the transcriptional network and promotes adaptive processes in skeletal muscle, including cell proliferation.
MAC Protocol Design for Spectrum-agile Wireless Networks: Stochastic Control Approach (2007)

Widespread deployment of wireless networks under different services including wireless LANs and sensor networks in a shared spectrum has caused many interference and performance issues in dense networks. Specifically, such coexistence poses significant challenges on media access protocol design. This paper addresses this problem by proposing a distributed spectrum-agile MAC (media access control) protocol. It is a multichannel CSMA-based protocol equipped with a dynamic channel selection algorithm. The dynamic channel selection problem is formulated as a multi-armed bandit problem, and the optimal channel selection rules are derived. Finally the advantage of the new protocol is demonstrated through simulation.
The Internet as a new locus for value creation (1998)

The aim of this paper is to explore the Internet as a new locus for value creation. Three value‐adding strategies ‐ content, context and infrastructure ‐ are used to analyse three examples of Internet ventures involving a virtual university, the restaurant business and the music industry. The establishment of a home page on the Internet creates a new context in which providers and consumers of products and services interact and transact more conveniently and cost‐efficiently. It is argued that a new context may enhance the quality of content itself. It is therefore crucial for managers to consider the effect of Internet on all the components of the value proposition, separately and in aggregation.
Ribonuclease Activity of Petunia inflata S Proteins Is Essential for Rejection of Self-Pollen (1994)

Shihshieh Huang, Hyun-Sook Lee, Balasulojini Karunanandaa, Teh-hui Kao, Ribonuclease Activity of Petunia inflata S Proteins Is Essential for Rejection of Self-Pollen, The Plant Cell, Vol. 6, No. 7 (Jul., 1994), pp. 1021-1028
Selective and Potent Proteomimetic Inhibitors of Intracellular Protein–Protein Interactions (2015)

Inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represents a major challenge in chemical biology and drug discovery. α-Helix mediated PPIs may be amenable to modulation using generic chemotypes, termed "proteomimetics", which can be assembled in a modular manner to reproduce the vectoral presentation of key side chains found on a helical motif from one partner within the PPI. In this work, it is demonstrated that by using a library of N-alkylated aromatic oligoamide helix mimetics, potent helix mimetics which reproduce their biophysical binding selectivity in a cellular context can be identified.
Use of a Kalman Filter to Improve the Estimation of ATD Response During Impact (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new approach for improving estimates of the kinematic response of ATDs (anthropomorphic test devices) to vehicle crash events has been developed. This approach employs the Kalman Filter; a state model based estimation approach that has been widely applied to system dynamics problems ranging from navigation to missile guidance. The Kalman Filter approach combines measurements of crash event phenomena (acceleration and displacement), kinematic models of ATD behavior and statistics of sensor noise to create precise estimates of ATD motion during a crash. This paper presents an implementation of a state model and Kalman Filter for a sensor data collected from the chest of an ATD during an out-of-position airbag deployment test. Favorable comparisons are made between the Kalman Filter model approach and traditional methods involving numerical integration and differentiation.</div>
Electric vehicle on-road dynamic charging system with wireless power transfer technology (2013)

The recent development in simulation speed and capacity of magnetic field, and the power electronics, the field of wireless power transfer has been developed significantly. In the future transport area, electric vehicles are considered as replacement of oil-powered internal combustion engine driven vehicles, especially for the CO2 reduction and alternative energy perspective. However, electric vehicle requires several key issues resolved in view of the heavy weight, bulky volume, and limited driving distance. In this paper, the innovative on-road dynamic wireless charging technology for electric vehicle, called OLEV, is introduced. The electric vehicle charging technology can be classified as conductive or wireless, stationary or dynamic, and slow or fast. The fast charging in the range of 100 kW of power capacity and wireless dynamic charging concept are described. Also the design concept, system architecture and development process of optimizing the magnetic flux field for the higher power transfer efficiency are described in this paper. The dynamic charging technology is also compared with the stationary conductive charging for electric vehicles, in view of its development concept and status, and practical feasibility of the innovative technology.
Use of clay based Nanocomposites of ethylene-vinyl acetate co- polymer (EVA) for packaging application (2004)

The use of polymeric nanocomposite is expected to be widely used by the industrial community due to their outstanding mechanical, barrier and heat resistant properties. These new materials are also environmentally friendly since natural clay is used in the development of these nanocomposites. Use of less quantity of the polymer to achieve superior product quality means less use of primary resources. Thus the use of clay in the production of these nanostructured polymers means the recyclability of these materials will increase and decrease wastage e.g. in the form of landfill etc. Layered silicates dispersed as a reinforcing phase in an engineering polymer matrix are one of the most important forms of nanocomposites. Although the high aspect ratio of silicate nanolayers is ideal for reinforcement, the nanolayers are not easily dispersed in most polymers due to their preferred face-to- face stacking in agglomerated tactoids. This work comes from the desire that a series of ethylene vinyl acetates copolymers find application in packaging industry due to high clarity of the film. Also, by insertion of small amount of clay can increase gas and water permeability, chemical and UV resistance and can still keep the optical clarity characteristics of the film.
Smoking cessation with a 16 h nicotine patch: results in a group of hospital workers (1997)

As part of a programme for the implementation of a Smoking Control Policy in our hospital, an open study, without randomization, of 65 hospital workers, who wanted to give up smoking, was carried out. The characteristics of smoking in each subject were recorded. The Fagerstrom Questionnaire was used to measure the degree of dependence on nicotine. The treatment consisted of the daily use of 16 h nicotine patches for 12 weeks. During the first 4 weeks, the patches contained 15 mg of nicotine, for the second 4 weeks, 10 mg, and for the last 4 weeks 5 mg (per patch and day). Five visits were scheduled during the 26 week study period: at the start of the study and after 4, 8, 12 and 26 weeks. The abstinence was checked by measuring carbon monoxide in end-expiratory air. The success rate was 31% after 12 weeks, and decreased to 29% after 26 weeks. In conclusion, the nicotine patches appeared safe and effective in this study.
Traffic engineering with estimated traffic matrices (2003)

Traffic engineering and traffic matrix estimation are often treated as separate fields, even though one of the major applications for a traffic matrix is traffic engineering. In cases where a traffic matrix cannot be measured directly, it may still be estimated from indirect data (such as link measurements), but these estimates contain errors. Yet little thought has been given to the effects of inexact traffic estimates on traffic engineering. In this paper we consider how well traffic engineering works with estimated traffic matrices in the context of a specific task; namely that of optimizing network routing to minimize congestion, measured by maximum link-utilization. Our basic question is: how well is the real traffic routed if the routing is only optimized for an estimated traffic matrix? We compare against optimal routing of the real traffic using data derived from an operational tier-1 ISP. We find that the magnitude of errors in the traffic matrix estimate is not, in itself, a good indicator of the performance of that estimate in route optimization. Likewise, the optimal algorithm for traffic engineering given knowledge of the real traffic matrix is no longer the best with only the estimated traffic matrix as input. Our main practical finding is that the combination of a known traffic matrix estimation technique and a known traffic engineering technique can get close to the optimum in avoiding congestion for the real traffic. We even demonstrate stability in the sense that routing optimized on data from one day continued to perform well on subsequent days. This stability is crucial for the practical relevance to off-line traffic engineering, as it can be performed by ISPs today.
Estudio comparado de la observancia del derecho de marcas: Alemania, Corea del Sur, Estados Unidos y México (2010)

El derecho de marcas, si bien se sigue basando en el principio de territorialidad, a traves del cual la legislacion domestica determina el resultado de una controversia legal en la materia, ha sido atenuado, ya que la regulacion sustantiva de los signos distintivos ha sufrido la influencia del poder armonizador de los tratados internacionales, principalmente el Convenio de Paris y los Aspectos de los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual (Adpic). No obstante, importantes asimetrias subsisten en los sistemas domesticos, que dan como resultado niveles muy distintos de proteccion a dichos bienes intangibles
Magnetic properties and crystal texture of Co alloy thin films prepared on double bias Cr (1993)

A double layer Cr film structure has been prepared by sputter depositing Cr on single crystal Si substrates first without substrate bias and then with various substrate bias voltages. Without substrate bias, Cr{200} texture grows on Si at room temperature; thus the first Cr layer acts like a seed Cr layer with the {200} texture, and the second Cr layer, prepared with substrate bias, tends to replicate the {200} texture epitaxially. CoCrTa and CoNiCr films prepared on these double Cr underlayers, therefore, tend to have a {112̄0} texture with their c-axes oriented in the plane of the film. At the same time, the bias sputtering of the second Cr layer increases the coercivity of the subsequently deposited magnetic films significantly. Comparison studies of δM curves show that the use of the double Cr underlayers reduces the intergranular exchange interactions. The films prepared on the Si substrates have been compared with the films prepared on canasite and glass substrates. It has also been found that the magnetic properties are similar for films on canasite and on glass.
Identification of pathologic features associated with “ulcerative colitis-like” Crohn’s disease (2014)

More severe disease in the proximal involved region, terminal ileum involvement, active appendicitis, and prominent lamina propria neutrophils may be morphological factors associated with "UC-like" CD.
Chameleon or Phoenix: The Metamorphosis of TAFE. (1998)

This paper examines the metamorphosis of technical and further education (TAFE) by tracing the genealogy of TAFE institutes in Victoria and analysing the changing size, structure and organisation of the technical system in Victoria. On the basis of this analysis, the nature of tradition and identity in TAFE is examined in an attempt to understand the forces which have shaped and redefined TAFE as a tertiary education sector up to the present day. Against the background of the dissolution of the binary system of higher education in Australia, and in the light of TAFE’s history and current policy trends and developments, future prospects for TAFE are then considered. It is argued that a new set of institutional discourses and practices are reshaping TAFE and higher education in the transition to a post-technocratic settlement. The paper speculates on the potential re-emergence of a binary system of higher education and training comprising TAFE institutes and universities. In conclusion, it argues that the traditions which to date have threatened TAFE’s survival as a distinct sector of education and training may, in fact, be the source of its salvation in a radically restructured tertiary education environment.
Relief of premenstrual symptoms, dysmenorrhea, and contraceptive tablet intolerance. A preliminary report. (1974)

A therapy using minodoses of progesterone to alleviate the side effects of progesterone type contraception premenstrual symptoms dysmenorrhea abnormal menstrual flow and premenstrual and menstrual aggravation of allergic syndromes is presented. 9 or more vials of diluted progesterone are prepared by the 1:5 serial dilution method to obtain the dosage test series. The therapeutic dosage is determined by progressive intradermal injections of .05 ml of the dilutions until the symptoms clear. The treatment can be administered at home by someone with adequate instruction. The therapy provided complete or good relief from symptoms in about 80% of the patients studied. After several months of treatment some patients were freed of the symptoms and did not require further therapy.