gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A globally convergent lagrangian barrier algorithm for optimization with general inequality constraints and simple bounds (1992)

We consider the global and local convergence properties of a class of Lagrangian barrier methods for solving nonlinear programming problems. In such methods, simple bound constraints may be treated separately from more general constraints. The objective and general constraint functions are combined in a Lagrangian barrier function. A sequence of such functions are approximately minimized within the domain defined by the simple bounds. Global convergence of the sequence of generated iterates to a first-order stationary point for the original problem is established. Furthermore, possible numerical difficulties associated with barrier function methods are avoided as it is shown that a potentially troublesome penalty parameter is bounded away from zero. This paper is a companion to previous work of ours on augmented Lagrangian methods.
Roles of lncRNA in breast cancer (2015)

Recent systematic genomic studies have revealed a broad spectrum of lncRNAs that are involved in a variety of disease (diseases), including tumor progression, by regulating gene expression at epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. However, their exact roles of physiological function and the mechanism (mechanisms) of action are yet to be clarified. In breast cancer research, several lncRNAs are identified as tumor driving oncogenic lncRNAs and few are identified as tumor suppressive lncRNAs. They are involved in cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration and invasiveness as well as cancer cell stemness. Therefore, this new class of RNAs may serve as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purpose and also as potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the current information about lncRNAs that are particularly involved in breast cancer progression and also discusses the potential translational application of these newly discovered nucleic acids.
연구논문 / 추적자 실험에 의한 정수장 침전지내 구조물의 수리학적 영향평가에 관한 연구 (1999)

Sedimentation basin is one of the most common and important units in the conventional water treatment plant. It plays an important role in removing the floc formed in mixing and coagulation basin, and then has a great impact on the backwash cycle of filtration process. Plug flow pattern in sedimentation basin which is the most desirable, never exists on its own in a real basin. It is always accompanied by a certain degree of mixing and dead space. Structures such as the inlet and outlet of basin, the location of baffle wall, the installation of sludge collector may be the obstacles to the horizontal flow when it is poorly designed. Therefore, to know how these structures in the settling basin have an influence on the characteristics of hydraulic flow is beneficial to improve the settling efficiency of the floc. The hydraulic characteristics of the sedimentation basin in the three real WTPs(B, K, I) which have the different structural characteristics inside the settling basin were qualitatively investigated by the tracer test. Quantitative evaluation was not attempted due to the poor recovery of tracer chemical. First plant(B plant) has a plate settler. Second plant(K plant) has baffle wall cut about 60 cm in the bottom for the purpose of installation of the sludge collector. Third plant (I plant) does not have any structure in the basin. It was found that structures such as plate settler(B plant) and baffle wall cut in the bottom had an profound undesirable impact on the horizontal flow in the settling basin. Tracer distributions clearly indicated that any space occupied by plate settler in B plant was the complete dead zone, on the contrary to its intended role. Also, the baffle wall cut in the bottom in K plant was not as good as the plate settler in B plant in having the horizontal flow in the sedimentation basin. Even for I plant which has no structure in the basin, the limited horizontal flow was observed, though showing the best hydraulic performance among the three plants.
Aspects on Roll and Bounce Damping for Heavy Vehicles (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents analytical expressions as well as simulations with a 3D – truck model to study roll and bounce damping for heavy vehicles. The objective is to illustrate the limits in performance resulting from the choice of dampers and mounting positions.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Analytical expressions for a 2D - suspension model show that geometric key parameters controlling roll and bounce damping are damper vertical aligning and perpendicular distance between damper and suspension roll center respectively. In comparison to conventional damper positioning, roll damping for an alternative design may be increased with 75% for the unsprung mass without deteriorating desired bounce motion damping.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Simulations using a 3D - truck model and selected load cases are furthermore used to investigate desired regions of roll and bounce damping. Results show that higher damping generally reduces corresponding motion. The amount of bounce damping is however limited by transient obstacles. For a truck with conventional positioned dampers this results in a roll damping value lower than desired.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The effect from compliance at damper attachment points, from e.g. brackets and bushings, is evaluated with a modified suspension model. Compliance is as could be expected shown to significantly reduce the damping performance. The minimum attachment stiffness necessary for full damper function is derived.</div>
The complexity of designing a network with minimum diameter (1981)

Abstract Given a graph G with edge lengths and costs, we wish to find a subgraph F of G which connects up all the original vertices and minimizes the maximum distance in F , subject to a budget constraint on the sum of the edge costs. In this note we establish NP‐hardness for the design problem, even for the simple case where G is a planar graph with maximum degree 3 and the budget restricts the choice to spanning trees. Moreover, the problem of finding a near optimal subgraph F is also NP‐hard.
Collagen expression in mechanically stimulated cardiac fibroblasts. (1991)

The cardiac extracellular matrix, composed predominantly of collagenous fibers, forms a stress-tolerant network that facilitates the distribution of forces generated in the heart and provides for proper alignment of cardiac myocytes. Although considerable information exists regarding the morphological organization of the heart extracellular matrix, little is known about the regulation of the synthesis and accumulation of extracellular matrix components. A potentially significant factor in the cardiovascular system is mechanical stimulation including changes in physical tension and pressure. We recently have developed an in vitro model system to elucidate the effects of mechanical stretch on isolated populations of heart cells. In the present study, we have used biochemical and molecular biological techniques to analyze changes in collagen synthesis by cardiac fibroblasts in response to mechanical stretch. These studies show that the ratio of collagen type III to collagen type I increases in mechanically stretched cells. They also show that type III collagen mRNA levels are increased in response to cyclic mechanical stretch for durations as short as 12 hours. Type I collagen mRNA levels were not found to change under the stretch conditions used in this study. Our results emphasize the potential regulatory role of mechanical stimulation in the expression of specific genes in the heart and support previous studies indicating this to be an intriguing in vitro model of cardiac hypertrophy.
The art and science of self-assembling molecular machines (1996)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Optimizing a 6%Mo Stainless Steel for FGD Service (1998)

Abstract Materials used in flue gas desulfurization systems are expected to be resistant to highly aggressive exposures. This does not always happen. Premature material degradation frequently results in unplanned outages, lost production, unsafe conditions and in some severe cases, the necessity to replace large portions of facilities well before their designed obsolescence. Understanding the exposure environments and operating conditions in conjunction with a materials capability is key to proper materials selection. Understanding the "fine tuning" needs of an alloy may be even more imperative to long term successful application. The need for special alloys to resist the aggressive corrosivity of FGD environments invariably dictates higher alloyed and probably more expensive materials. In order to be cost effective, these materials must perform at a high efficiency level and provide a long service life. The typical broad, generic specifications used to define material composition and mechanical property acceptance levels, may not be sufficient. This presentation will examine the optimization potential of one material, UNS NO8367, a 6% molybdenum containing stainless steel. The alloy has been proven in many environment, but use of optimization techniques may augment its performance. Included will be a review of the positive and negative effects of certain major and minor alloying additions, the response to varied thermal treatments, control of surface depletion and stress levels, and fabrication, with optimization in mind. The items reviewed, will have applicability to other material systems, with some modifications to suit the specific alloy and environments.
Total synthesis of 11-deoxydaunomycinone (1982)

J. Gesson and M. Mondon, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1982, 421 DOI: 10.1039/C39820000421
CZT detector technology for medical imaging (2014)

Over the last two decades, the II–VI semiconductors CdTe and CdZnTe (CZT) has emerged as the material of choice for room temperature detection of hard X-rays and soft γ-rays. The techniques of growing the crystals, the design of the detectors, and the electronics used for reading out the detectors have been considerably improved over the last few years. CdTe/CZT materials find now applications in astrophysics, medical imaging and security applications. The paper discusses recent progress in CZT detector technology and outlines possible new application opportunities.
Interaction between xylitol and sorbitol in plaque metabolism. (1984)

Xylitol and sorbitol, when metabolized by microorganisms, are transported through the cell membrane and phosphorylated by membrane-bound phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems. Sorbitol-6-phosphate may be oxidized by a sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to fructose-6-phosphate and further decomposed in the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. Xylitol-5-phosphate - if not metabolized - may be toxic to the cell. There are few specific pathways known for xylitol metabolism in microorganisms. Due to structural resemblance between the xylitol and the sorbitol molecules interaction between xylitol and sorbitol metabolism is likely to occur. Xylitol - although only slowly taken up by plaque and oral microorganisms - may reduce plaque formation and cause an increase in plaque pH. Evidence for a phosphotransferase system for xylitol has recently been demonstrated in Strep. mutans, which may cause accumulation of xylitol-5-phosphate in the cell. Some studies carried out by the author and associates on acid production in the oral cavity from cell. Some studies carried out by the author and associates on acid production in the oral cavity from sorbitol in the presence of xylitol in chewing gum containing sorbitol reduces acid production from sorbitol. This may be explained by the following effects of xylitol: Reduction of plaque and the number of microorganisms on the teeth. This is thought to be a consequence of the toxic effect of xylitol-5-phosphate. Inhibition of acid production from sorbitol. This is believed to be a consequence of competitive blocking of the phosphotransferase system due to structural similarities between xylitol and sorbitol.
Cracks in porous rocks: Tiny defects, strong effects (2009)

Understanding the physics and mechanics of porous sedimentary rocks is a stimulating challenge. Indeed, these rocks are of great economical interest for two main reasons: they are the places for hydrocarbon resources and for underground storage. Yet the complexity of these natural composites would suggest low expectations for research projects aiming at a fundamental understanding of their behavior. However progress has been observed, not limited to the study of pure quartz sandstones such as Fontainebleau sandstones. Many experiments and models have been developed that deal with more typical, complex sandstones. Even shales, that are certainly the most complex sedimentary rocks, have also been well documented. But why is it of interest to understand better the fundamental physics and mechanics of sedimentary rocks? And how has progress been made possible, given those difficulties?
HMC-MAC: Processing-in Memory Architecture for Multiply-Accumulate Operations with Hybrid Memory Cube (2017)

Many studies focus on implementing processing-in memory (PIM) on the logic die of the hybrid memory cube (HMC) architecture. The multiply-accumulate (MAC) operation is heavily used in digital signal processing (DSP) systems. In this paper, a novel PIM architecture called HMC-MAC that implements the MAC operation in the HMC is proposed. The vault controllers of the conventional HMC are working independently to maximize the parallelism, and HMC-MAC is based on the conventional HMC without modifying the architecture much. Therefore, a large number of MAC operations can be processed in parallel. In HMC-MAC, the MAC operation can be carried out simultaneously with as much as 128 KB data. The correctness on HMC-MAC is verified by simulations, and its performance is better than the conventional CPU-based MAC operation when the MAC operation is consecutively executed at least six times.
La promoción de la igualdad: un desafío común para los hombres y las mujeres (1998)

RESUMEN: Se ha escrito mucho sobre el cambio de mentalidades; pero, ¿cómo lograr?, ¿cómo explicar a todo el mundo que la igualdad es una cuestión de justicia, que nuestras sociedades necesitan de la igualdad y que éstas sólo funcionaran sin traumas y se desarrollarán armoniosamente si hay igualdad?, ¿qué métodos estrategias deberíamos adoptar? y sobre todo, ¿qué beneficios podrían obtener los hombres con el cambio?.
Pretreatment and Fractionation of Wheat Straw by an Acetone-Based Organosolv Process (2010)

Acetone-based organosolv fractionation of wheat straw was studied to produce sugars and lignin in a lignocellulose biorefinery. The influence of acetone−water ratio, reaction time, and temperature on fractionation degree, lignin yield, and enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose fraction was examined. The solvent−water ratio was found to influence delignification and hemicellulose hydrolysis by its effect on lignin solubility and pH. Organosolv treatment in 50:50% w/w acetone−water during 1 h at 205 °C resulted in 82% hemicellulose hydrolysis, 79% delignification, and 93% cellulose recovery. A substantial part of the sugars formed upon hemicellulose hydrolysis seems to have reacted further including possible formation of lignin−furfural condensation products. Finally, aqueous acetone pretreatment was found to substantially improve the enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose fraction (glucose yield: up to 87% vs 16% for untreated wheat straw).
The Development of Practical Wisdom: Its Critical Role in Sustainable Performance (2013)

We occasionally make complex decisions. Sometimes we later judge that we acted unwisely. Sometimes we judge that we acted with wisdom. Organizational leaders have similar experiences. When they decide unwisely, their organizations suffer, and so can society. Are there ways to learn how to act with greater wisdom? Neuroscientists tentatively say “yes.” Here we will explore what wisdom is, what relevant brain science offers, and what you—as a human performance technology practitioner—might do to help yourself and others gain wisdom.
Transport and metabolism of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine in a human T-lymphoblastoid cell line: nitrobenzylthioinosine-sensitive and -insensitive influx. (1990)

Nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), dipyridamole, and dilazep, potent inhibitors of nucleoside transport, were found to be ineffective in preventing 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G)-induced inhibition of MOLT 4 and CCRF CEM cell growth, ara-G (2.0 microM) was metabolized to 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine 5'-triphosphate in MOLT 4 cells, and the levels of this metabolite were not affected by the presence of 5.0 microM NBMPR in the incubation medium. Permeation of the MOLT 4 cell membrane by ara-G occurred primarily by means of the NBMPR-sensitive nucleoside transport system. However, a residual transport component accounting for 10-20% of the total transport activity was demonstrated in the presence of NBMPR. This component was inhibited by adenine and hypoxanthine but not by dilazep, dipyridamole, or other nucleosides. In contrast, inhibitors of nucleoside transport readily reversed the cytotoxic effect of 7-deazaadenosine (tubercidin) in both MOLT 4 and CCRF CEM cells. The levels of tubercidin 5'-triphosphate formed from 2.0 microM tubercidin in MOLT 4 cells were reduced by 80% in the presence of 5.0 microM NBMPR. The influx of tubercidin into MOLT 4 cells was found to occur primarily by means of the NBMPR-sensitive nucleoside transport system. This same system mediated the transport of ara-G into human erythrocytes.
A Long Charging Delay for a No-Insulation REBCO Layer-Wound Coil and its Influence on Operation with Outer LTS coils (2016)

This paper presents a long charging delay for a no-insulation (NI) REBCO layer-wound (LW) coil and an electromagnetic-induced thermal runaway, resulting in damages on the coil. A small NI REBCO LW coil with a self-inductance of 1.62 mH showed a charging delay time constant of ~3000 s at 4.2 K. The coil was installed in the cold bore of a low-temperature superconducting (LTS) magnet, and the LTS outer coil was charged. Although the circuit of the NI REBCO LW coil was opened, the induced current inside the coil screened the magnetic field generated by the outer coils. Eventually, the NI REBCO LW coil showed a thermal runaway during charging the outer coils. After the experiment, we found burnouts of the REBCO conductor near the electrodes and buckling of the conductor for all the layers of the winding. The present results point out the technical problem and the worst case for a NI REBCO LW coil, which must be considered.
Cyproterone acetate in the treatment of oestrogen hypersensitivity vulvovaginitis (2017)

Oestrogen hypersensitivity vulvovaginitis is a rare chronic cyclical vulvovaginitis responsive to oestrogen suppression or antagonism. We present a case series of 16 patients with refractory cyclical vulvovaginitis, all of whom responded to oestrogen suppression with cyproterone acetate.
Phase and sensitivity of receiver coils in magnetic resonance imaging (1986)

Receiver coil response is a major cause of nonuniformities in magnetic resonance images. The spatial dependence of the sensitivity and phase of single-saddle receiver coils has been investigated quantitatively by calculating the H1 field and comparing the results with measurements of a uniform phantom. Agreement between the measurements and calculations is excellent. A method is developed which corrects for both the nonuniform sensitivity and the phase shifts introduced by receiver coils.
QP Algorithms with Guaranteed Accuracy and Run Time for Support Vector Machines (2006)

We describe polynomial-time algorithms that produce approximate solutions with guaranteed accuracy for a class of QP problems that are used in the design of support vector machine classifiers. These
A 1/2.5 inch 5.2Mpixel, 96dB Dynamic Range CMOS Image Sensor with Fixed Pattern Noise Free, Double Exposure Time Read-Out Operation (2006)

A 1/2.5 inch, 5.2 Mpeixel CMOS image sensor with wide dynamic range operation mode is developed and its effectiveness for high contrast scene pictures is verified. The adopted algorithm for this operation is inherently free from fixed pattern noise generation which often resists the realization of mass production level wide dynamic range image sensors. The attained dynamic range is 96 dB with 12 bit output scheme.
HB # : increasing the security and efficiency of HB + (2008)

Abstract. The innovative HB + protocol of Juels and Weis [10] extends device authentication to low-cost RFID tags. However, despite the very simple on-tag computation there remain some practical problems with HB + and despite an elegant proof of security against some limited active attacks, there is a simple man-in-the-middle attack due to Gilbert et al. [8]. In this paper we consider improvements to HB + in terms of both security and practicality. We introduce a new protocol that we denote random-HB #. This proposal avoids many practical drawbacks of HB +, remains provably resistant to attacks in the model of Juels and Weis, and at the same time is provably resistant to a broader class of active attacks that includes the attack of [8]. We then describe an enhanced variant called HB # which offers practical advantages over HB +. Key words: HB +, RFID tags, authentication, LPN, Toeplitz matrix. 1
Limitations of Esophageal Temperature-Monitoring to Prevent Esophageal Injury During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation (2008)

2] Left atrial-esophageal fistula usually is associated with a very high morbidity and mortality, including air embolism and sepsis.
Hybrid Quantum-Classical Protocol for Storage and Retrieval of Discrete-Valued Information (2014)

In this paper we present a hybrid (i.e., quantum-classical) adaptive protocol for the storage and retrieval of discrete-valued information. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a procedure that exhibits how to store and retrieve unanticipated information values by using a quantum property, that of using different vector space bases for preparation and measurement of quantum states. This simple idea leads to an interesting old wish in Artificial Intelligence: the development of computer systems that can incorporate new knowledge on a real-time basis just by hardware manipulation.
Passive materials for high frequency piezocomposite ultrasonic transducers (2010)

High frequency ultrasound is receiving increased attention for medical imaging in areas such as ophthalmology and dermatology. Recent advances in the manufacture of fine scale piezocomposite materials mean there is great potential for commercial transducers far superior to conventional devices currently in clinical use. \nThis Thesis reports the fabrication and characterisation of passive materials suitable for use in high frequency piezocomposite transducer devices. Epoxy composites have been fabricated using tungsten and alumina as filler material with volume fractions up to 0.4. Acoustic impedance and attenuation has been determined for different filler volume fractions to provide data for modelling to aid transducer design and also determine the filler volume fraction required to provide optimal results. Acoustic impedance values of 3-15MRayl were measured for the materials made in this work and the influence of filler particle size and shape is also discussed. \nPiezocomposite transducers have been constructed using material developed in this work and compared to devices made with more conventional passive materials. In addition to the fabrication of the composite samples for characterisation a process for incorporating material into transducers is described showing how the fabrication can be a part of the transducer construction resulting in an efficient and neat package.