gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3602: Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 Stabilizes Angiogenesis and Generates Vasoresponsive Microvessels (2008)

The mechanism of platelet formation is reviewed with special emphasis on the role of the cytoskeleton. The three major theories for platelet formation are by cytoplasmic budding, cytoplasmic dissolution or pseudopod formation. Most evidence indicates that platelets form as fragments of megakaryocyte pseudopodia. Pseudopodia formation is stimulated in vitro by thrombocytopenic rabbit plasma. It is inhibited by vincristine and altered by taxol. Cytochalasins cause pseudopodia to form in isolated megakaryocytes. Therefore, normal pseudopodia formation may depend on a combination of microfilament disorganization and microtubule elongation.
Intermediates of tocopherol biosynthesis in the unicellular alga <i>Scenedesmus obliquus</i>. The presence of three isomeric methylphytylbenzoquinones (1987)

Three isomers of methylphytylbenzoquinone have been isolated from lipids of the unicellular alga Scenedesmus obliquus, the most abundant being 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinone (65% of the total). The 2-methyl-3-phytyl and 2-methyl-5-phytyl isomers amounted to 8 and 27% respectively. Previously problems have been encountered in the separation of the 3-phytyl and the 6-phytyl isomers, but in the present study it was found that they separated readily as quinols. Phytyl plastoquinone was also found and the relevance of these compounds to the biosynthesis of alpha-tocopherol is discussed. As well as phylloquinone, a hydroxyphylloquinone was detected, and studies indicated that it is the 5' carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached. Such a compound has been found by workers using other unicellular algae.
Cutting Edge: CD7 Delivers a Pro-Apoptotic Signal During Galectin-1-Induced T Cell Death (2000)

Galectin-1, an endogenous lectin expressed in lymphoid organs and immune-privileged sites, induces death of human and murine thymocytes and T cells. Galectin-1 binds to several glycoproteins on the T cell surface, including CD7. However, the T cell surface glycoprotein receptors responsible for delivering the galectin-1 death signal have not been identified. We show that CD7 is required for galectin-1-mediated death. This demonstrates a novel function for CD7 as a death trigger and identifies galectin-1/CD7 as a new biologic death signaling pair.
Engineering Drawing for Manufacture (2002)

Introduction 1. Principles of Engineering Drawing 2. Projection Methods 3. ISO Drawing Rules 4. Dimensions, Symbols and Tolerances 5. Limits, Fits and Geometrical Tolerancing 6. Surface Finish Specification Typical Examination Questions
Problems and Solutions for Admission to Cartoon Studies (2011)

The question acutely raised regarding Korea's entrance test is not just a matter of yesterday or today. It is not an exception to cartoon related fields, which lack of creativity and patterning trend, problems according to the types of autonomous performance tests for each school, problem of evaluation are being pointed out. As such alternative, methods such as expansion of time for performance test, introduction of extra performance test for evaluating creativity, and public sector exclusively taking in charge of creativity evaluation, and etc. will be made as the subject of discussion. Therefore, the most important assumption is to establish what Universities are intending to teach to students first, and to teach such thing, the questions of their entrance tests should contain relevant criteria so that students with relevant abilities would be selected. Even after entering school, constant monitoring would be necessary, and if it shows different results as expected, the criteria should be reviewed again. As such, the reason for Universities requiring much things is because the Universities are, the subject of student selection, the subject which requires certain abilities to students, and the subject of evaluation. Therefore, it is because a University can achieve its original purpose only when good talented students are obtained through such process of selection and are developed through education.
Store‐operated Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry in first trimester and term human placenta (2003)

We have examined whether store-operated Ca2+ entry, a common pathway for Ca2+ entry in non-excitable tissue, is apparent in the syncytiotrophoblast of both first trimester and term human placenta. Expression of transient receptor potential (TRPC) homologues, a family of channels thought to be involved in store-operated Ca2+ entry, was also studied at the mRNA and protein levels. [Ca2+]i in syncytiotrophoblast of first trimester and term placental villous fragments was measured by microfluorimetry using the Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2. Store-operated Ca2+ entry was stimulated using 1 microM thapsigargin in Ca(2+)-free Tyrode buffer (no added Ca2+ + 1 mM EGTA) followed by superfusion with control (Ca2+-containing) buffer. In term fragments, this protocol resulted in a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i, which was inhibited in the presence of 150 microM GdCl3, 200 microM NiCl2, 200 microM CoCl2 or 30 microM SKF96365 but was unaffected by addition of 10 microM nifedipine. It was not possible to stimulate such a rise in [Ca2+]i in first trimester fragments. Messenger RNA encoding TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 and TRPC6 was identified in both first trimester and term placentas. From Western blotting, TRPC3 and TRPC6 proteins were detected in term, but not in first trimester, placentas, while TRPC1 protein was not detected. By immunocytochemistry, TRPC3 and TRPC4 were localised to cytotrophoblast cells in first trimester placentas and to the syncytiotrophoblast in term placentas. TRPC6 staining was present in the syncytiotrophoblast of both first trimester and term placenta, but the intensity was much greater in the latter. We propose that store-operated Ca2+ entry may be an important route for Ca2+ entry into the syncytiotrophoblast of term, but not first trimester placentas, and that in human placenta TRPC channels may underlie this entry mechanism.
The Millicent Protocol for Inexpensive Electronic Commerce (1995)

Millicent is a lightweight and secure protocol for electronic commerce over the Internet. It is designed to support purchases costing less than a cent. It is based on decentralized validation of electronic cash at the vendor's server without any additional communication, expensive encryption, or offline processing. The key innovations of Millicent are its use of brokers and of scrip. Brokers take care of account management, billing, connection maintenance, and establishing accounts with vendors. Scrip is digital cash that is only valid for a specific vendor. The vendor locally validates the scrip to prevent customer fraud, such as double spending.
A Novel Crash Detection Algorithm for Two-Wheeled Vehicles (2020)

This paper presents a crash detection strategy for motorcycles, using GPS/GNSS and inertial measurements collected by telematic e-Boxes. The primary goal is to jointly minimize the access time of the emergency services and to accurately store the event dynamics for further investigation on accident's responsibilities. For motorcycles, unlike for cars, crash events cannot always be detected by monitoring abnormal longitudinal decelerations solely. Thus, this work proposes a novel method that detects and classifies the severity of crash-like situations. The proposed approach follows a new paradigm that improves the detection performance, better generalizing the motorcycle dynamics with respect to the specific vehicle and the driving style. The proposed approach has been tested and validated with experimental data, covering both motorsport and naturalistic scenarions, involving several riders, different road conditions and vehicles.
A Neutron Hardness Assurance Screen Based on High-Frequency Probe Measurements (1976)

The objective of this study was to devise wafer level AC measurement procedures as an aid to the development of production line radiation hardness assurance screens and controls for complex Integrated Circuits (ICs). This objective was met using a commercially available AC probe and associated test equipment in conjunction with removable probe pads connected to critical circuit node points. The procedure was demonstrated for the test case of 100% electrical screens for neutron effects on transistors on dielectrically isolated linear circuits. Prediction accuracies (using a damage factor obtained independently) averaged 4% with a 4% standard deviation. This test case was only a part of the more general development program which is still in progress. A number of other applications for the measurement procedure are described.
Adenosine-Regulated Cell Proliferation in Pituitary Folliculostellate and Endocrine Cells: Differential Roles for the A1 and A2B Adenosine Receptors (2002)

A1 and A2 adenosine receptors have been identified in the pituitary gland, but the cell type(s) on which they are located and their effects on pituitary cell growth are not known. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of A1 and A2 receptors in primary rat anterior pituitary cells, two pituitary folliculostellate (TtT/GF and Tpit/F1) and two pituitary endocrine (GH3 and AtT20) cell lines, and compared their effects on cell proliferation. In anterior pituitary and folliculostellate cells, adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists (5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, a universal agonist, and CGS 21680, an A2A receptor agonist) stimulated cAMP levels with a rank order of potency that indicates the presence of functional A2B receptors. This stimulation, however, was not observed in either GH3 or AtT20 cells, where adenosine and the A1 receptor agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine inhibited VIP/forskolin-stimulated cAMP production. Expression of A2B and A1 receptors in the folliculostellate cells and that of the A1 receptor in the endocrine cells were confirmed by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and ligand binding. Adenosine and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine dose-dependently (10 nM to 10
UWB in Heterogeneous Access Networks: location-aware services (2010)

Mobile position-aware systems combined with modern wireless technologies are getting more and more important and everyone seems to realize that the market is a high potential industry. For mobile network it is a way to differentiate many mobile applications and services from PC (Personal Computer) applications and wired Internet services. Using mobile devices, LBSs (Location-Based Service) leverage a user-s physical location to provide enhanced services and experiences. LBSs enable a range of applications and services, such as navigation and mobile map services, workforce tracking, finding points of interest, and obtaining weather information. Nowadays most of the applications are based on the GPS (Global Positioning System). However, the availability of indoor location, which is not covered by satellite-based systems, and fast time to position fix is more and more needed for LBSs. This fact opens the door to UWB (Ultra Wide band) as a key technology to be taken into account in the development of novel and promising locationaware services, due to its intrinsic features for providing accurate indoor localization. Indoor location provided by UWB combined with cellular networks such as HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) or WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) will open the door to a large set of new location-aware services.
Erlotinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Status and Future Development (2007)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Standard treatment approaches such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery have reached a plateau in this disease. Therefore, alternatives to conventional treatment, such as new molecular-targeted therapies, are needed. Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has played a central role in advancing NSCLC research, treatment, and patient outcome over the last several years. There are two EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced NSCLC: gefitinib and erlotinib. Of these, erlotinib has shown a significant improvement in median survival, quality of life, and related symptoms in an unselected population of advanced and metastatic NSCLC patients in the second- or third-line setting. Furthermore, erlotinib has significant antitumor activity in first-line treatment. Moreover, factors that predict the efficacy of erlotinib, including clinical, pathologic, and molecular features, have been investigated. A series of studies is planned to contribute to our understanding of the role of erlotinib in NSCLC treatment. Major areas of clinical research are the assessment of erlotinib: in adjuvant treatment, combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in locally advanced disease, in the first-line therapy of advanced disease, and in combination and/or sequence with cytotoxic treatments and/or other molecular target agents.
Childhood acute myeloid leukaemia (2012)

Although acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has long been recognized for its morphological and cytogenetic heterogeneity, recent high-resolution genomic profiling has demonstrated a complexity even greater than previously imagined. This complexity can be seen in the number and diversity of genetic alterations, epigenetic modifications, and characteristics of the leukaemic stem cells. The broad range of abnormalities across different AML subtypes suggests that improvements in clinical outcome will require the development of targeted therapies for each subtype of disease and the design of novel clinical trials to test these strategies. It is highly unlikely that further gains in long-term survival rates will be possible by mere intensification of conventional chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize recent studies that provide new insight into the genetics and biology of AML, discuss risk stratification and therapy for this disease, and profile some of the therapeutic agents currently under investigation.
Identification of Catalytic Amino Acids in the Human GTP Fucose Pyrophosphorylase Active Site (2005)

GTP-l-fucose pyrophosphorylase(GFPP) catalyzes the reversible formation of the nucleotide-sugar GDP-beta-l-fucose from guanosine triphosphate and beta-l-fucose-1-phosphate. The enzyme functions primarily in the mammalian liver and kidney to salvage free fucose during the breakdown of glycoproteins and glycolipids. GFPP shares little primary sequence identity with other nucleotide-sugar metabolizing enzymes, and the three-dimensional structure of the protein is unknown. The enzyme does contain several sequences that could be nucleotide binding sites, but none of them are an exact match to consensus sequences. Using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and UV photoaffinity cross-linking, we have identified five amino acid residues that are critical for catalysis. Some of these amino acids are found within the poorly conserved nucleotide binding consensus structures, while others represent new motifs. Two active site lysines can be cross-linked to photoaffinity probes. The site of cross-linking depends on the probe used. The identification of these critical residues highlights how distinct GFPP is from other nucleotide-sugar pyrophosphorylases.
In Situ Hybridization Reveals Extensive Diversity of K <sup>+</sup> Channel mRNA in Isolated Ferret Cardiac Myocytes (1996)

The molecular basis of K+ currents that generate repolarization in the heart is uncertain. In part, this reflects the similar functional properties different K+ channel clones display when heterologously expressed, in addition to the molecular diversity of the voltage-gated K+ channel family. To determine the identity, regional distribution, and cellular distribution of voltage-sensitive K+ channel mRNA subunits expressed in ferret heart, we used fluorescent labeled oligonucleotide probes to perform in situ hybridization studies on enzymatically isolated myocytes from the sinoatrial (SA) node, right and left atria, right and left ventricles, and interatrial and interventricular septa. The most widely distributed K+ channel transcripts in the ferret heart were Kv1.5 (present in 69.3% to 85.6% of myocytes tested, depending on the anatomic region from which myocytes were isolated) and Kv1.4 (46.1% to 93.7%), followed by kv1.2, Kv2.1, and Kv4.2. Surprisingly, many myocytes contain transcripts for Kv1.3, Kv2.2, Kv4.1, Kv5.1, and members of the Kv3 family. Kv1.1, Kv1.6, and Kv6.1, which were rarely expressed in working myocytes, were more commonly expressed in SA nodal cells. IRK was expressed in ventricular (84.3% to 92.8%) and atrial (52.4% to 64.0%) cells but was nearly absent (6.6%) in SA nodal cells; minK was most frequently expressed in SA nodal cells (33.7%) as opposed to working myocytes (10.3% to 29.3%). Two gene products implicated in long-QT syndrome, ERG and KvLQT1, were common in all anatomic regions (41.1% to 58.2% and 52.1% to 71.8%, respectively). These results show that the diversity of K+ channel mRNA in heart is greater than previously suspected and that the molecular basis of K+ channels may vary from cell to cell within distinct regions of the heart and also between major anatomic regions.
A Synchronous Multimedia Annotation System for Secure Collaboratories (2006)

In this paper, we describe the Vannotea system - an application designed to enable collaborating groups to discuss and annotate collections of high quality images, video, audio or 3D objects. The system has been designed specifically to capture and share scholarly discourse and annotations about multimedia research data by teams of trusted colleagues within a research or academic environment. As such, it provides: authenticated access to a web browser search interface for discovering and retrieving media objects; a media replay window that can incorporate a variety of embedded plug-ins to render different scientific media formats; an annotation authoring, editing, searching and browsing tool; and session logging and replay capabilities. Annotations are personal remarks, interpretations, questions or references that can be attached to whole files, segments or regions. Vannotea enables annotations to be attached either synchronously (using jabber message passing and audio/video conferencing) or asynchronously and stand-alone. The annotations are stored on an Annotea server, extended for multimedia content. Their access, retrieval and re-use is controlled via Shibboleth identity management and XACML access policies.
An improved surface plasmon resonance imaging apparatus (1999)

The design, construction, and initial use of an improved surface plasmon resonance imaging instrument are described. The instrument construction allows for introduction of large samples (50×50 mm) and is arranged with a unique horizontal sample geometry. This horizontal geometry provides for the eventual introduction of standard robotics both for substrate handling and liquid delivery, as with other commercialized analytical imaging techniques. The versatile optical train makes the instrument ideal for a wide range of sample sizes and provides for variable lateral resolution. Very small variations in colloidal Au coverage are detected on a patterned substrate, thereby demonstrating the utility of colloidal Au as a surface plasmon resonance imaging contrast reagent.
Synthesis and structure of new 1,2,3-triazolyl substituted 1,3,5-triazines (2012)

The reaction between monoazido derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine and CH-active carbonyl compounds were studied in order to obtain novel coupled heterocyclic systems with potential bioactivity. Reaction conditions were varied and optimized, a series 2,4-disubstituted derivatives of 6-(1 H -1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazines were obtained with good yield.
Quantitative Analysis of Polymer Additives with MALDI-TOF MS Using an Internal Standard Approach (2012)

MALDI-TOF MS is used for the qualitative analysis of seven different polymer additives directly from the polymer without tedious sample pretreatment. Additionally, by using a solid sample preparation technique, which avoids the concentration gradient problems known to occur with dried droplets and by adding tetraphenylporphyrine as an internal standard to the matrix, it is possible to perform quantitative analysis of additives directly from the polymer sample. Calibration curves for Tinuvin 770, Tinuvin 622, Irganox 1024, Irganox 1010, Irgafos 168, and Chimassorb 944 are presented, showing coefficients of determination between 0.911 and 0.990.
Derived method to measure Receiver Sensitivity and Receiver Overload for optical ports of Transponder in DWDM System (2015)

Abstract — This article covers the signal sensing capability of optical ports in an optical network and a derived procedure to measure parameters related to signal sensing capability for optical ports of transponder of a DWDM system. Attenuation, RS and RO are key factor during transmission and optical strength of light signal in an optical network depends on these parameters. Basic concept and theory of attenuation, RS and RO is discussed. Experimental Procedure for measure RS and RO for a traditional SDH system is discussed in this paper. On basis of this, a derived arrangement and procedure is defined to measure RS and RO for client side and line side optical ports of transponder in a DWDM system. A description for signal flow in this new arrangement is also discussed. Experimental results to calculate RS an RO with this derived arrangement for different types of client side and line side ports are also given in this article.
Engineering the Direct Repeat Sequence of crRNA for Optimization of FnCpf1-Mediated Genome Editing in Human Cells (2018)

FnCpf1-mediated genome-editing technologies have enabled a broad range of research and medical applications. Recently, we reported that FnCpf1 possesses activity in human cells and recognizes a more compatible PAM (protospacer adjacent motif, 5'-KYTV-3'), compared with the other two commonly used Cpf1 enzymes (AsCpf1 and LbCpf1), which requires a 5'-TTTN-3' PAM. However, due to the efficiency and fidelity, FnCpf1-based clinical and basic applications remain a challenge. The direct repeat (DR) sequence is one of the key elements for FnCpf1-mediated genome editing. In principle, its engineering should influence the corresponding genome-editing activity and fidelity. Here we showed that the DR mutants [G(-9)A and U(-7)A] could modulate FnCpf1 performance in human cells, enabling enhancement of both genome-editing efficiency and fidelity. These newly identified features will facilitate the design and optimization of CRISPR-Cpf1-based genome-editing strategies.
Structural and immunological characterization of a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis JF-2 (1994)

Bacillus licheniformis JF-2 produces a very active biosurfactant under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. We purified the surface-active compound to homogeneity by reverse-phase C18 high-performance liquid chromatography and showed that it is a lipopeptide with a molecular weight of 1,035. Amino acid analysis, fast atom mass and infrared spectroscopy, and, finally, 1H, 13C, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance demonstrated that the biosurfactant consists of a heterogeneous C15 fatty acid tail linked to a peptide moiety very similar to that of surfactin, a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against surfactin and shown to exhibit identical reactivity towards purified JF-2 lipopeptide in competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, thus providing further evidence for the structural similarity of these two compounds. Under optimal conditions, the B. licheniformis JF-2 biosurfactant exhibits a critical micelle concentration of 10 mg/liter and reduces the interfacial tension against decane to 6 x 10(-3) dyne/cm, which is one of the lowest interfacial tensions ever reported for a microbial surfactant.