gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Latency, chromatin remodeling, and reactivation of human cytomegalovirus in the dendritic cells of healthy carriers (2005)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists as a subclinical, lifelong infection in the normal human host, but reactivation from latency in immunocompromised subjects results in serious disease. Latency and reactivation are defining characteristics of the herpesviruses and are key to understanding their biology; however, the precise cellular sites in which HCMV is carried and the mechanisms regulating its latency and reactivation during natural infection remain poorly understood. Here we present evidence, based entirely on direct analysis of material isolated from healthy virus carriers, to show that myeloid dendritic cell (DC) progenitors are sites of HCMV latency and that their ex vivo differentiation to a mature DC phenotype is linked with reactivation of infectious virus resulting from differentiation-dependent chromatin remodeling of the viral major immediate-early promoter. Thus, myeloid DC progenitors are a site of HCMV latency during natural persistence, and there is a critical linkage between their differentiation to DC and transcriptional reactivation of latent virus, which is likely to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCMV infection.
Acute Pain in Herpes Zoster and Its Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life (2004)

Although the effects of postherpetic neuralgia on physical and emotional functioning have been examined in a number of studies, the impact of acute pain in herpes zoster ("shingles") on health-related quality of life has been neglected. We describe the characteristics of herpes zoster pain and examine its relationship to physical, role, social, and emotional functioning in 110 patients with herpes zoster. When we controlled for relevant covariates, we found that greater pain burden, as assessed by the product of pain intensity and duration, was associated with poorer physical functioning, increased emotional distress, and decreased role and social functioning. The results demonstrate that herpes zoster pain has broad effects on the daily lives of patients and on their emotional health. The increasing incidence of herpes zoster that can be anticipated as the population ages requires that clinical trials that examine interventions to prevent or treat herpes zoster pain be given a high priority.
Additional Security Modes for CoAP (2013)

The CoAP draft defines how to use DTLS as security mechanism. In order
to establish which nodes are trusted to initiate a DTLS session with a
device, the following security modes are defined: NoSec, PreSharedKey,
RawPublicKey, and Certificate. These modes require either to provision
a list of keys of trusted clients, or to handle heavyweight
certificates. This memo proposes two intermediate security modes
involving a trusted third party that are very similar to PreSharedKey
and RawPublicKey respectively, but which do not require out-of-band
provisioning of client keys to the device.
Arthritis augments breast cancer metastasis: role of mast cells and SCF/c-Kit signaling (2013)

This is the first report to show that mast cells may play a critical role in remodeling not only the tumor microenvironment but also the metastatic niche to facilitate efficient metastasis through SCF/cKit interaction in breast cancer with arthritis.
Highly Specific PET Imaging of Prostate Tumors in Mice with an Iodine-124-Labeled Antibody Fragment That Targets Phosphatidylserine (2013)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an attractive target for imaging agents that identify tumors and assess their response to therapy. PS is absent from the surface of most cell types, but becomes exposed on tumor cells and tumor vasculature in response to oxidative stresses in the tumor microenvironment and increases in response to therapy. To image exposed PS, we used a fully human PS-targeting antibody fragment, PGN635 F(ab')2, that binds to complexes of PS and β2-glycoprotein I. PGN635 F(ab')2 was labeled with the positron-emitting isotope iodine-124 ((124)I) and the resulting probe was injected into nude mice bearing subcutaneous or orthotopic human PC3 prostate tumors. Biodistribution studies showed that (124)I-PGN635 F(ab')2 localized with remarkable specificity to the tumors with little uptake in other organs, including the liver and kidneys. Clear delineation of the tumors was achieved by PET 48 hours after injection. Radiation of the tumors with 15 Gy or systemic treatment of the mice with 10 mg/kg docetaxel increased localization in the tumors. Tumor-to-normal (T/N) ratios were inversely correlated with tumor growth measured over 28 days. These data indicate that (124)I-PGN635 F(ab')2 is a promising new imaging agent for predicting tumor response to therapy.
A note on using this book (2010)

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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor activates antigen-presenting dendritic cells and induces inflammatory cytokines in ulcerative colitis (2002)

The level of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and the functions of dendritic cells (DC) are up-regulated in the peripheral blood, and the numbers of MIF-expressing cells and mature DC are increased at the colonic mucosa from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a functional relationship between MIF and DC, and the role of MIF in the pathogenesis of UC, are not clear. In this study, we showed that a pure population of peripheral blood DC is a new and still unknown source of MIF. DC from UC patients produced significantly higher levels of MIF (17 x 5 +/- 9 x 8 ng/ml, n = 10) compared with patients with Crohns disease (CD) (4 x 6 +/- 2 x 5 ng/ml, n = 5, P< 0 x 01) and control subjects (5 x 0 +/- 2 x 6 ng/ml, n = 10, P< 0 x 01). A double immunofluorescence study revealed the expression of MIF by CD83-positive mature DC at the colonic mucosa from UC patients. Blood DC treated with high amounts of MIF (500 ng/ml) showed a significantly higher stimulatory capacity (43287 +/- 5998 CPM, n = 5) in an allogenic mixed leucocyte reaction compared with untreated DC (27528 +/- 8823 CPM, n = 5, P< 0 x 05). Study of intracellular cytokine expression showed that MIF induced significant levels of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-8 in monocytes and DC from UC and CD patients. These results showing the capacity of MIF to induce increased functional capacity of DC, and to produce IL-1 and IL-8 from monocytes and DC, indicate a role of MIF in the induction and/or perpetuation of the inflammatory environment in UC.
Energy Efficiency Aspects of Base Station Deployment Strategies for Cellular Networks (2009)

In the strive for lessening of the environmental impact of the information and communication industry, energy consumption of communication networks has recently received increased attention. Although cellular networks account for a rather small share of energy use, lowering their energy consumption appears beneficial from an economical perspective. In this regard, the deployment of small, low power base stations, alongside conventional sites is often believed to greatly lower the energy consumption of cellular radio networks. This paper investigates on the impact of deployment strategies on the power consumption of mobile radio networks. We consider layouts featuring varying numbers of micro base stations per cell in addition to conventional macro sites. We introduce the concept of area power consumption as a system performance metric and employ simulations to evaluate potential improvements of this metric through the use of micro base stations. The results suggest, that for scenarios with full traffic load, the use of micro base stations has a rather moderate effect on the area power consumption of a cellular network.
Very wide spectrum multiquantum well superluminescent diode at 1.5 μm (1992)

An InGaAs/InGaAsP multiquantum well superluminescent diode (SLD) emitting at 1-5 μm has been studied. Broad spectral widths exceeding 100 nm are achieved under a wide injection current range. The maximum spectral width is 170nm, which gives a calculated coherence length of 13 μm, approximately one third that of 1.5 μm conventionally available bulk SLDs.
Investigation on the Fischer−Tropsch Synthesis with Nitrogen-Containing Syngas over CoPtZrO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst (2006)

The Fischer−Tropsch synthesis with nitrogen-containing syngas derived from combined air partial oxidation and CO2 reforming of methane has been performed in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of key factors including reaction temperature, pressure, and nitrogen content of the syngas on the performance of CoPtZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst were mainly investigated. The results indicate that the syngas containing a high content of nitrogen is suitable for Fischer−Tropsch synthesis and that a high initial catalytic activity can be achieved under typical operating conditions. The decreasing of catalytic activity with time on stream before reaching steady state was observed, which is mainly due to the blockage of catalyst pores by heavy hydrocarbons.
Study of the General Kalman Filter for Echo Cancellation (2013)

The Kalman filter is a very interesting signal processing tool, which is widely used in many practical applications. In this paper, we study the Kalman filter in the context of echo cancellation. The contribution of this work is threefold. First, we derive a different form of the Kalman filter by considering, at each iteration, a block of time samples instead of one time sample as it is the case in the conventional approach. Second, we show how this general Kalman filter (GKF) is connected with some of the most popular adaptive filters for echo cancellation, i.e., the normalized least-mean-square (NLMS) algorithm, the affine projection algorithm (APA) and its proportionate version (PAPA). Third, a simplified Kalman filter is developed in order to reduce the computational load of the GKF; this algorithm behaves like a variable step-size adaptive filter. Simulation results indicate the good performance of the proposed algorithms, which can be attractive choices for echo cancellation.
The New Interference Alignment Scheme for the MIMO Interference Channel (2010)

In this paper, we propose a new interference alignment (IA) scheme designing jointly the linear transmitter and receiver for the MIMO interference channel system, using minimum total mean square error criterion, subject to individual transmit power constraints. We show that transmitter and receiver under such criterion could be realized through a joint iterative algorithm. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is discussed. We also proposed a robust MMSE-based iterative design with imperfect channel state information (CSI). The proposed robust MMSE-based iterative interference alignment scheme is shown to be less sensitive to channel estimation errors. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes outperform the existing IA schemes with fast convergence.
Potential control of fertility in women by immunization with HCG. (1975)

Since HCG plays a role in maintaining pregnancy, methods of interfering with its secretion offer promise in fertility control. HCG antibodies raised in laboratory animals have been shown to neutralize the effects of exogenously administered HCG. Immunization of humans with HCG will not result in antibody production since it is chemically similar to pituitary LH, but immunization with altered HCG has produced antibodies reacting to HCG and LH. Because of this dual neutralization, no human application is possible without the risk of disrupting ovarian function in women of productive age. Studies have been carried out in which women were immunized with conjugates of the beta subunit of HCG and protein, producing antibodies reacting with native HCG; long-term evaluation of these subjects is awaited. It may be possible to use peptides from the 30C-terminal amino acids of the beta subunit of HCG which have no counterpart in the beta subunit of human LH, but enzymatic digestion to obtain these peptides is costly and time consuming. Preliminary data suggest that immunizations with synthetic HCG peptides conjugated to protein carriers will produce antibodies reacting with natural hormones in vitro, but additional testing is necessary. It is noted that the parameters of antibody specificity, tissue damage, immune complex disease, reversibility, and individual variations in responses must be assessed before the expectations of human use can be suggested.
Transport of Thyroid Hormones (1984)

Correspondence| July 01 1984 Transport of Thyroid Hormones Roger P. Ekins Roger P. Ekins 1Department of Molecular Endocrinology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, Mortimer Street, London W1N 8AA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1984) 67 (1): 143–144. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0670143 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Roger P. Ekins; Transport of Thyroid Hormones. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 July 1984; 67 (1): 143–144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0670143 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1984 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Convolutional neural network for classification of two-dimensional array images generated from clinical information may support diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (2020)

This research aimed to study the application of deep learning to the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Definite criteria or direct markers for diagnosing RA are lacking. Rheumatologists diagnose RA according to an integrated assessment based on scientific evidence and clinical experience. Our novel idea was to convert various clinical information from patients into simple two-dimensional images and then use them to fine-tune a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify RA or nonRA. We semi-quantitatively converted each type of clinical information to four coloured square images and arranged them as one image for each patient. One rheumatologist modified each patient's clinical information to increase learning data. In total, 1037 images (252 RA, 785 nonRA) were used to fine-tune a pretrained CNN with transfer learning. For clinical data (10 RA, 40 nonRA), which were independent of the learning data and were used as testing data, we compared the classification ability of the fine-tuned CNN with that of three expert rheumatologists. Our simple system could potentially support RA diagnosis and therefore might be useful for screening RA in both specialised hospitals and general clinics. This study paves the way to enabling deep learning in the diagnosis of RA.
Laboratory testing of digital cellular radio systems (1989)

The Pan-European digital mobile radio system is to be installed in at least 16 countries by 1991. The digital technology used in this standard, compared with current analogue systems, generates a number of new engineering challenges. Specifically system performance must be optimised, and this can be best achieved with laboratory trials under realistic and repeatable conditions. A dedicated laboratory facility for testing digital cellular radio systems has been designed and constructed at British Telecom Research Laboratories. >
Mechanically induced ventricular extrasystoles in the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart. A model to study cardiac arrhythmia and to differentiate antiarrhythmic drugs. (1987)

Pressure pulses applied to an isolated perfused guinea-pig heart via underwater hydrodynamic pressure waves during early diastole induce ventricular extrasystoles (VES). Intensity of pulse pressure and number of VES in relation to number of stimuli show a narrow and reproducible relation following a sigmoid function. Thus we were able to establish a pressure dose-response function between hydrodynamic peak pressure and percentage of VES-responses to mechanical stimulation. In overriding the natural heart rate a ventricular rhythm can be maintained for several hours. In the hypoxic or anoxic heart repetitive automatism can be induced by pulse pressure stimulus. In severe ischemia ventricular fibrillation may occur. In this model differentiation between various classes of antiarrhythmic drugs seems possible in setting up pressure dose-response curves for different concentrations of these drugs. The inhibition of VES is limited to class I antiarrhythmic drugs (quinidine, lidocaine) while specific Ca-antagonists (class IV) are ineffective, thus showing that induction of VES is mediated by a Na channel-dependent process. Preliminary data show that these results can be extended to in situ experiments using an external mechanical stimulator.
Hemorrhagic endovasculitis and hemorrhagic villitis of the placenta. (1980)

A unique vascular lesion has been identified in 32 placentas sent to the Michigan Placental Tissue Registry, East Lansing, Mich. Half of the associated infants are stillborn; 11 of 16 liveborn were in distress or small for gestational age. Placental vessels show thrombosis, endothelial, and medial hyperplasia and narrowing or obliteration of the lumen. A microangiopathic process is suggested by intraluminal fragmentation of erythrocytes with diapedesis of intact and fragmented RBCs through vessel walls. Red blood cell fragments and hemosiderin are present within villous stroma. Nucleated erythrocytes in placental vessels suggest fetal hypoxia. On gross examination, the placentas are meconium stained. The umbilical cords are frequently edematous, redundant, and around a fetal part; gradual narrowing of placental vessels may be related. Chronic villitis is present in 75% of the cases, intranuclear inclusions have been identified in 10%. An infectious agent, possibly viral, is suggested; toxic and chemical substances must be considered.
Multifunctional microvalves control by optical illumination on nanoheaters and its application in centrifugal microfluidic devices (2007)

Valving is critical in microfluidic systems. Among many innovative microvalves used in lab-on-a-chip applications, phase change based microvalves using paraffin wax are particularly attractive for disposable biochip applications because they are simple to implement, cost-effective and biocompatible. However, previously reported paraffin-based valves require embedded microheaters and therefore multi-step operation of many microvalves was a difficult problem. Besides, the operation time was relatively long, 2-10 s. In this paper, we report a unique phase change based microvalve for rapid and versatile operation of multiple microvalves using a single laser diode. The valve is made of nanocomposite materials in which 10 nm-sized iron oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in paraffin wax and used as nanoheaters when excited by laser irradiation. Laser light of relatively weak intensity was able to melt the paraffin wax with the embedded iron oxide nanoparticles, whereas even a very intense laser beam does not melt wax alone. The microvalves are leak-free up to 403.0 +/- 7.6 kPa and the response times to operate both normally closed and normally opened microvalves are less than 0.5 s. Furthermore, a sequential operation of multiple microvalves on a centrifugal microfluidic device using a single laser diode was demonstrated. It showed that the optical control of multiple microvalves is fast, robust, simple to operate, and requires minimal chip space and thus is well suited for fully integrated lab-on-a-chip applications.
Autonomous Developmental Control of Human Embryonic Globin Gene Switching in Transgenic Mice (1990)

The mechanisms by which expression of the beta-like globin genes are developmentally regulated are under intense investigation. The temporal control of human embryonic (epsilon) globin expression was analyzed. A 3.7-kilobase (kb) fragment that contained the entire human epsilon-globin gene was linked to a 2.5-kb cassette of the locus control region (LCR), and the developmental time of expression of this construct was studied in transgenic mice. The human epsilon-globin transgene was expressed in yolk sac-derived primitive erythroid cells, but not in fetal liver or bone marrow-derived definitive erythroid cells. The absence of epsilon gene expression in definitive erythroid cells suggests that the developmental regulation of the epsilon-globin gene depends only on the presence of the LCR and the epsilon-globin gene itself (that is, an autonomous negative control mechanism). The autonomy of epsilon-globin gene developmental control distinguishes it from the competitive mechanism of regulation of gamma and beta-globin genes, and therefore, suggests that at least two distinct mechanisms function in human hemoglobin switching.
A new min-sum based decoding algorithm for non-binary LDPC codes (2012)

Non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes are robust to various channel impairments. In this paper, we present a new decoding algorithm for the NB-LDPC decoder that is based on the q-ary min-sum algorithm (QMSA). The new one modifies the check node (CN) computations of the QMSA into two steps. By reorganizing the message entries and providing the most likely symbol, a compressed intermediate message can be easily obtained and stored, from which the check-to-variable messages can be computed with a look-up table. Thus the decoder architecture can have a straightforward design for the CN with reduced complexity and memory requirements. Besides, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has negligible performance loss compared to the QMSA over AWGN channel.
MemcachedGPU (2015)

This paper tackles the challenges of obtaining more efficient data center computing while maintaining low latency, low cost, programmability, and the potential for workload consolidation. We introduce GNoM, a software framework enabling energy-efficient, latency bandwidth optimized UDP network and application processing on GPUs. GNoM handles the data movement and task management to facilitate the development of high-throughput UDP network services on GPUs. We use GNoM to develop MemcachedGPU, an accelerated key-value store, and evaluate the full system on contemporary hardware.
Effect of YM087, a potent nonpeptide vasopressin antagonist, on vasopressin-induced protein synthesis in neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (1998)

These results suggest that AVP directly causes protein synthesis and YM087 is a potent inhibitor of AVP-induced protein synthesis of cardiomyocytes and thus may have beneficial effects in the development and regression of cardiomyocytic hypertrophy.
The Odds are Odd: A Statistical Test for Detecting Adversarial Examples (2019)

We investigate conditions under which test statistics exist that can reliably detect examples, which have been adversarially manipulated in a white-box attack. These statistics can be easily computed and calibrated by randomly corrupting inputs. They exploit certain anomalies that adversarial attacks introduce, in particular if they follow the paradigm of choosing perturbations optimally under p-norm constraints. Access to the log-odds is the only requirement to defend models. We justify our approach empirically, but also provide conditions under which detectability via the suggested test statistics is guaranteed to be effective. In our experiments, we show that it is even possible to correct test time predictions for adversarial attacks with high accuracy.