gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pentoxifylline on the Phagocytic Activity, cAMP Levels, and Superoxide Anion Production by Monocytes and Polymorphonuclear Cells (1986)

The effect of pentoxifylline (Trental) on the phagocytic capacity, cAMP levels, and superoxide anion production of human peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclears (PMNs) was studied. The drug inhibited the phagocytosis of latex particles by both monocytes and PMNs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, superoxide anion production during the phagocytic process was also reduced following incubation of the cells with pentoxifylline. It is suggested that this inhibitory effect is due to the increased intracellular levels of cAMP induced by the drug.
Direct Electrical Heating of Subsea Pipelines - Technology Development and Operating Experience (2006)

Formation of hydrates is a well known problem in subsea production systems for oil and gas. As the unprocessed well-stream cools down, hydrates are formed at temperatures up to 25 /spl deg/C depending on the water cut and pressure inside the pipeline. Several options are available to solve this problem. Traditionally, chemicals (methanol) have been used. Methanol reduces the critical temperature where hydrates are formed. Alternatively, hydrates can be prevented using thermal insulation in combination with additional heating. In this approach the well-stream is kept above the critical temperature for hydrate formation. This paper presents a method, direct electric heating (DEH), for heating of the pipeline by forcing a high electric current through the pipeline itself. The basic electromagnetic theory for design and dimensioning of the system is presented. The DEH system is a 1-phase system where the heated pipeline is not electrically insulated from the surrounding sea water. Hence, the system current is divided between seawater and the steel pipeline causing a need for additional sacrificial anodes along the pipeline. The design of the anode system for a pipeline with DEH system is given. In case of a fault (earth fault) in the cable, a protection system is needed. If the fault is not cleared in due time, the heat generated at the fault location may damage the pipeline itself causing severe violation on the integrity of the production system. Several options for fault detection and localisation are given. The paper presents comparisons between theoretical analysis and experiments on both full size models and scaled models where several aspects of the system have been tested. There are currently over 100 km pipelines in the North Sea where the DEH system is installed. Operating experience from these installations is presented in the paper.
Osteoinductive Proteins (1993)

Cartilage and bone tissues are rich in different polypeptide factors (growth factors) which participate in the regulation of skeletal development and growth. Parallels between the embryonal endochondral ossification, callus formation during fracture repair, and ectopic bone induction in postnatal life have encouraged scientists to search for common mechanisms underlying these processes. A set of polypeptide factors belonging to the TGF-beta superfamily called the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), have been found to be of fundamental importance both in bone formation and mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in early embryogenesis. Thus, this group of proteins is a common denominator in all the above-mentioned processes involving osteoinduction and there is great potential for their clinical application as bone-inducing factors.
Human Myoblast Engraftment Is Improved in Laminin-Enriched Microenvironment (2008)

We show that local irradiation enhances the laminin content in the host muscle microenvironment and provides a better engraftment of human myoblasts. In addition, laminin increases myoblast proliferation, survival, and migration in vitro. These data provide combined in vivo and in vitro evidence that laminin status should be taken into account when designing experimental and clinical cell therapy strategies for muscle disease.
A specific defect in CD3 gamma-chain gene transcription results in loss of T-cell receptor/CD3 expression late after human immunodeficiency virus infection of a CD4+ T-cell line. (1990)

Sequential effects on cellular protein expression following human immunodeficiency virus (type 1) infection of a CD4+ T-cell line in vitro were investigated. Events in the human interleukin 2-dependent helper T-cell line WE17/10 are similar in several respects to the clinical progression in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. WE17/10 cell infection is characterized by an extended period during which viral replication occurs without accompanying cytotoxicity and with a maximum 30% decrease in surface CD4. Cellular protein expression generally remains unaffected during this first phase of infection. However, after 2-3 months, a severe defect in the expression of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex both on the cell surface and inside the cell becomes apparent. Other cell membrane markers, such as CD2 and CD25, remain constant throughout the course of infection; after its initial decrease, CD4 remains at 70% of control values. Lack of surface expression of the TCR/CD3 complex is correlated with a specific defect in transcription of the CD3 gamma-chain gene.
Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and safety of revefenacin (TD-4208), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Results of two randomized, double-blind, phase 2 studies (2017)

Following single or multiple nebulized-dose administration in patients with COPD, revefenacin demonstrates a rapid onset and sustained duration of bronchodilator effect over 24 h following once-daily administration, with a PK profile that is commensurate with low systemic exposure.
A Design Study on the FBR Metal Fuel and Core for Commercial Applications. (2000)

A design methodology for the FBR metal fuel and core is developed.It consists of the fuel integrity prediction by a mechanistic analysis code, and the core neutronic/thermal-hydraulic design in which the effect of the characteristic fuel behavior and fuel cycle technologies are properly considered.Based upon this methodology, a fuel and core design study for reactors of various output scale (150-1500 MWe) is conducted, and the feasibility of metal fuel FBRs for the future commercial applications is reviewed.The results show that the averaged burnup of as high as 90-150MWd/t is achievable at the refueling interval of 1-2 years with 3-4 batches, regardless of the output scale.The maximum allowable cladding temperature is assumed to be 650C to avoid the liquid phase formation, which leads to the achievable core outlet temperature of ""510C based on the current hotspot factors estimation.It is found that high breeding ratio of 2:1.2 can be enabled with relatively small blanket amount, owing to the very high internal conversion capability.Another advantage is that it is possible to significantly reduce the burnup reactivity loss at the slight expense of the burnup, in which case the core excess reactivity becomes as small as a few dollars.
Solid-phase synthesis of apicidin A and a cyclic tetrapeptoid analogue (2002)

The solid-phase synthesis of the antiprotozoal cyclic tetrapeptide apicidin A is reported and its synthetic accessibility is contrasted with that of a structurally similar reduced cyclic tetrapeptoid analogue.
Deep Learning with Synthetic Hyperspectral Images for Improved Soil Detection in Multispectral Imagery (2018)

Remote sensing images play a critical role in natural disaster prevention and damage estimation. With the fast advances in hyperspectral sensors, the hyperspectral imaging also known as imaging spectrometry is becoming a relatively recent trend. Hyperspectral images are expected to be more effective in object detection, environmental monitoring, urban growth monitoring, and damage assessment. In this paper, we present a 4 layers deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model for soil detection by using the combination of 80 synthetic hyperspectral bands and its original 8 multispectral bands which are collected by the WorldView-2 satellite. Our experiment result shows that by using the combined 80 synthetic hyperspectral bands and the original 8 multispectral bands, the area under the curve (AUC) scores of our CNN model for soil detection on the three testing images has been improved by 7.42% in average from 76.26% to 83.48%, as compared to the result by using the 8 multispectral bands alone. We also applied the CNN model onto a set of high-resolution data which is created by pan-sharpening the original multispectral bands and its synthetic hyperspectral bands, which quadrupled the spatial resolution of the combined synthetic hyperspectral bands. With the increased spatial resolution of the combined synthetic hyperspectral bands, the average AUC scores of our CNN model was furtherly improved by 10.02% from 81.44% to 91.47%. This significant improvement indicates that by using the pan-sharpened synthetic hyperspectral bands, the performance of CNN model for soil detection has been greatly improved, the synthetic hyperspectral bands with increased spatial resolution is a great alternative in improving the performance of object detection and classification in remote sensing applications.
Neural network-based Chinese ink-painting art style learning (2010)

For purposes of intelligent art creation and existed painting style reusing, we presents a neural network-based Chinese ink-painting art style learning method, which is quite different from the traditional “pixel-wise” or “sample-wise” style transferring work. We first give a generalized definition for style features of Chinese ink painting, and then establish the style learning mechanisms with combination of back propagation neural network and image analysis techniques. The paralyzed global style features from input painting are analyzed by the well trained style learning system, the learning outputs are extracted from style information library for Chinese painting. The experiment results show that the method works well, and it is obviously a new exploration for painting style learning.
Continuous-curvature paths for autonomous vehicles (2003)

The paths followed by autonomously guided vehicles (AGVs) are generally made up of line and circular-arc segments. For most AGVs, the steering functions required to keep the position and heading of the cart continuously aligned with such paths have discontinuities at the line-arc-line transitions points, because the curvature of the path is discontinuous at these points. For applications where continuous-curvature paths are desired, two types of curves are proposed; polar polynomials in place of circular-arc segments, and Cartesian polynomials in place of arc-arc or arc-line-arc segments for lane change maneuvers. Both curves have computationally simple, closed-form expressions that provide continuous curvature and precise matching of the boundary conditions at the line-curve junctions on the paths. The use of these curves in place of circular arcs for the reference-path generator on an experimental AGV has improved its tracking accuracy during the following turns, particularly at higher speeds.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review: <i>Wingate's Raiders</i>, by Charles J. Rolo (1944)

Book Review| March 08 1944 Review: Wingate's Raiders, by Charles J. Rolo Wingate's RaidersCharles J. Rolo C. P. C. P. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1944) 13 (5): 45. https://doi.org/10.2307/3022232 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. P.; Review: Wingate's Raiders, by Charles J. Rolo. Far Eastern Survey 8 March 1944; 13 (5): 45. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3022232 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Cells deficient in oxidative DNA damage repair genes Myh and Ogg1 are sensitive to oxidants with increased G 2 /M arrest and multinucleation (2008)

Oxidative stress generated from endogenous and exogenous sources causes oxidative DNA damage. The most frequent mutagenic base lesion 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine and the resulting mismatched adenine are removed by OGG1 and MYH in mammals. Deficiencies in human MYH or mouse MYH and OGG1 result in tumor predisposition but the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. To facilitate the study of the roles of MYH and OGG1 in the protection against oxidative stress, we generated mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines deficient in these genes. Myh and Ogg1 double knockout cells were more sensitive than wild type to oxidants (hydrogen peroxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide), but not to cis-platinum or gamma-irradiations. The low dosage oxidative stress resulted in more reduction of S phase and increase of G(2)/M phase in Myh(-/-)Ogg1(-/-) cells than in wild-type cells, but a similar level of cell death in both cells. The oxidants also induced more multinucleated cells in Myh(-/-)Ogg1(-/-) cells than in wild-type, accompanied by centrosome amplification and multipolar spindle formation. Thus, under oxidative stress, Myh and Ogg1 are likely required for normal cell-cycle progression and nuclear division, suggesting multiple roles of Myh and Ogg1 in the maintenance of genome stability and tumor prevention.
A VERSATILE SYNTHESIS OF ARYLACETONES FROM ARYL HALIDES AND ACETYLACETONATE (1982)

Abstract Reaction of aryl halides with sodium or potassium acetylacetonate in the presence of a copper catalyst affords directly arylacetones resulted from deacetylation of initially formed 3-arylacetylacetones in good yields.
Optimization of the ferric chloride etching of shadow masks (1996)

Abstract— The effects of etchant specific gravity (Baumé), temperature, and etch time upon etch factors for shadow masks made from aluminum killed (AK) steel were examined utilizing ferric chloride spray etching. Etch factors are initially high at small depths of etch or etch deltas and gradually decrease, becoming constant as etching progresses. Etch factors are Baumé‐ and temperature‐dependent when the AK steel is etched roughly, whereas they are independent of Baumé and temperature for smoothly etched steel. A multiple‐step etching process was developed based on these etch factor studies. In multiple‐step etching, two substantially different etching conditions are used to produce quality shadow masks with higher productivity than can be realized by using either one alone.
Efficient top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with a V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>modified silver anode (2007)

We fabricated efficient top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with silver (Ag) as an anode and samarium (Sm) as a semi-transparent cathode. The hole-injection barrier at the Ag anode/hole transporter interface is reduced by inserting a buffer layer of vanadium oxide (V2O5) between them. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows that the hole-injection barrier is reduced by 0.5 eV. Both the V2O5 thickness and the organic layer thickness are optimized. The optimized device achieves a maximum current efficiency of 5.46 cd A−1 and a power efficiency of 3.90 lm W−1, respectively.
Altered expression of two Epstein-Barr virus early genes localized in BamHI-A in nonproducer Raji cells (1988)

The Epstein-Barr virus-carrying lymphoblastoid cell line Raji has two major genomic deletions and is incapable of virus production. Two cDNA clones, c70 and c55, were constructed from early mRNA of P3HR-1 cells and localized, respectively, in BALF-2 and BARF-1 open reading frames where one of the major genomic deletion in Raji cells is situated. These were used to search the different early viral transcripts in producer P3HR-1 and nonproducer Raji lines. c70 and c55 hybridized with their corresponding mRNAs only in producer lines. Analysis with in vitro-synthesized RNA probes showed quite a different transcriptional profile in Raji cells than in P3HR-1 cells. In the P3HR-1 line, BALF-2 encodes a 3.4-kilobase (kb) mRNA during the early phase and a 3.3-kb mRNA during the late phase, and in the Raji line, the probe corresponding to BALF-2 hybridized with three mRNAs of 5.0, 3.1, and 2.4 kb; in P3HR-1 cells, BARF-1 encodes a group of 3'-conterminal transcripts (0.8, 1.2, 1.7, 2.7, 3.2, and 5.0 kb) during both the early and late stages; in Raji cells, however, 0.8-, 1.2-, and 1.7-kb mRNAs are absent, the only mRNAs transcribed being upstream of the deletion and of 5.0, 2.6, and 2.0 kb in size. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that the BALF-2 open reading frame encodes an early 135-kilodalton (kDa) protein which possesses DNA-binding ability and can be recognized by a herpes simplex virus ICP-8 antiserum. The BARF-1 open reading frame encodes in vitro a 26- to 33-kDa early protein recognized by anti-EA serum. The proteins of both two genes expressed in psi AM 22b cells were localized in nuclei. According to their properties, both proteins, particularly the BALF-2-encoded 135-kDa DNA-binding protein, could play a role in virus replication.
High exogenous homocysteine modifies eye development in early chick embryos (2003)

Antibody staining against fibrillin-1 showed no evident morphological differences in distribution between experimental and control embryos in the lens, suggesting that fibrillin-1 was not the cause, and malformations may be attributed to other mechanisms.
High resolution DF with a single channel receiver (2002)

This paper presents a method for high resolution multiple source direction finding with an antenna array. Unlike previously developed algorithms, the proposed approach can achieve high resolution direction finding with only one receiver, thereby, offering significant hardware savings. The proposed approach requires the signal received by the antenna array to be pre-processed by a beamformer network where each of the beamformer output ports are sequentially sampled by a RF switch. As the power of each beamformer output port is a function of the array covariance matrix, we derive a Kronecker form that leads to an unique least squares estimates of the array covariance matrix using the power measured from all the beamformer output ports. With the array covariance matrix estimated, conventional high resolution DF algorithms can be applied to determine the direction of arrival estimation of the multiple sources impinging the antenna array.
Columnar Self-Assemblies of Triarylamines as Scaffolds for Artificial Biomimetic Channels for Ion and for Water Transport (2017)

Triarylamine molecules appended with crown-ethers or carboxylic moieties form self-assembled supramolecular channels within lipid bilayers. Fluorescence assays and voltage clamp studies reveal that the self-assemblies incorporating the crown ethers work as single channels for the selective transport of K<sup>+</sup> or Rb<sup>+</sup>. The X-ray crystallographic structures confirm the mutual columnar self-assembly of triarylamines and crown-ethers. The dimensional fit of K<sup>+</sup> cations within the 18-crown-6 leads to a partial dehydration and to the formation of alternating K<sup>+</sup> cation-water wires within the channel. This original type of organization may be regarded as a biomimetic alternative of columnar K<sup>+</sup>-water wires observed for the natural KcsA channel. Supramolecular columnar arrangement was also shown for the triarylamine-carboxylic acid conjugate. In this latter case, stopped-flow light scattering analysis reveals the transport of water across lipid bilayer membranes with a relative water permeability as high as 17 μm s<sup>-1</sup>.
Cholecystokinin is a Satiety Hormone in Humans at Physiological Post-Prandial Plasma Concentrations (1995)

1. Intravenous infusions of the brain/gut hormone, cholecystokinin, have been shown to reduce food intake in a subsequent test meal. However, in previous studies the doses administered were large and likely to have produced plasma concentrations far in excess of the normal post-prandial range. 2. In this study cholecystokinin-8 was infused intravenously to six healthy subjects in doses that reproduced physiological post-prandial concentrations. Plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin were measured using a novel sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. The effect of cholecystokinin-8 infusion on subsequent food intake in a standard test meal was compared with the effect of saline infusion in the same subjects. 3. Food intake (mean +/- SEM) was significantly less during cholecystokinin (5092 +/- 665 kJ) than during saline infusion (6418 +/- 723 kJ, P = 0.03). During cholecystokinin infusion, plasma concentrations increased from 0.45 +/- 0.06 pmol/l to 7.28 +/- 2.43 pmol/l immediately before the meal. With saline infusion there was no premeal increase in plasma cholecystokinin concentration. 4. This paper describes a novel radioimmunoassay for measurement of plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin. Using this assay we have demonstrated that cholecystokinin is important in control of satiety in humans.
Effects of continuous venovenous hemofiltration on cardiopulmonary function in a porcine model of endotoxin-induced shock (1997)

Continuous venovenous hemofiltration needs further investigation before it can be recommended as a clinically effective treatment.
Cytokine targets in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. (2005)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by refractory cytopenias due to ineffective hematopoiesis in the marrow. Cytokines play an important role in the regulation of hematopoiesis; dysregulation of their levels can lead to hematopoietic failure. Considerable evidence implicates tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, interferons, interleukin 1beta, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and other inhibitory cytokines in the pathogenesis of MDS. These cytokines are produced by the interactions between the MDS clone and the bone marrow microenvironment. Therapeutic strategies therefore may augment the action of stimulatory growth factors or disrupt the effects of myelosuppressive cytokines. Erythropoietin alone and in combination with low-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor can lead to erythroid responses in selected patients. Agents targeting inhibitory cytokines include thalidomide, lenalidomide, etanercept, infliximab, VEGF receptor inhibitor PTK-787, antithymocyte globulin, and SCIO-469, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor. Given the biologic heterogeneity of MDS, no single treatment is effective for all patients with the disease. With more detailed knowledge of cytokine signaling cascades, coupled with technological improvements in genomics and proteomics, the future treatment of this challenging disease may lie in combination therapies customized for relevant biologic effectors.
Languages and Their Status in Aboriginal Australia (1993)

It is thought that around 250 distinct languages were spoken at first (significant) European contact in the late eighteenth century. Most of these languages would have had several dialects, so that the total number of named varieties would have run to many hundreds. This contradicts the still popular view that there is just one Aboriginal language, perhaps with a number of dialects.