gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zeolites : a refined tool for designing catalytic sites : proceedings of the International Zeolite Symposium, Québec, Canada, October, 15-20, 1995 (1995)

Two-dimensional solid state NMR investigations of zeolite framework structures, C.A. Fyfe et al strategies for zeolite synthesis by design, M.E. Davis modelling of structure and reactivity in zeolites, C.R.A. Catlow et al geometry of the active sites in zeolites under working conditions, F. Fajula host-guest interactions in zeolite cavities, A. Zecchina et al diffusion in zeolites and other microporous solids, D.M. Ruthven zeolites as the key matrix for superior deNOx catalysts, T. Inui zeolites as selective oxidation catalysts in the manufacture of fine chemicals, P. Ratnasamy. (Part contents)
Histidine acts as a co-germinant with glycine and taurocholate for<i>Clostridium difficile</i>spores (2011)

Histidine was found to be a co-germinant for Cl. difficile spores when combined with glycine and taurocholate.
Flexible picosecond probing of integrated circuits with chopped electron beams (1990)

The effective design and evaluation of high-speed integrated circuits is supported by internal noninvasive voltage-measurement techniques with picosecond time resolution. An electron-beam tester has therefore been developed which approaches the theoretical time-resolution limit of this method. It is based on the well-established e-beam technique for VLSI circuits, allowing for high flexibility in driving different kinds of high-frequency circuits under both conventional and critical conditions. The electron pulses of the stroboscopic test system are generated by a two-stage chopping system which was optimized to obtain very short pulses. It allows for a 7-ps effective pulse width which simultaneously yields a probe diameter of 0.5 µm and a probe current of 1 nA. This current results in a noise voltage of 20 mV when one period of a 1-GHz signal is recorded, with a total acquisition time of 0.1 s. Long-range phase shifting with high resolution is achieved by operating the upper stage of the blanking system at a high frequency and using the lower one as a selective gate. This allows propagation-delay measurements to be performed with a resolution of better than 2 ps over a range of several µs. The test system has thus far been used for that analysis of tunnel diodes, step-recovery diodes, bipolar frequency dividers, ring oscillators, and GaAs memories. Waveform measurement and evaluation at more than 60 different test points of a GaAs 1-kb SRAM in a six-hour session has demonstrated routine handling of complex high-speed circuit analysis.
Nucleophilic modification of human complement protein C3: correlation of conformational changes with acquisition of C3b-like functional properties (1981)

Inactivation of C3 by enzymatic cleavage, nucleophilic addition, or slow freezing and thawing resulted in the acquisition of similar end-state conformations as judged by near-UV circular dichroism. Although inactivation by the two nonenzymatic processes involves no peptide bond scission, the inactivated C3 resembled C3b in that it possessed a free sulfhydryl group not present in the native protein and an increased surface hydrophobicity as evidenced by enhanced binding of the fluorophore 8-anilino-1-naphthalensulfonate (ANS). The C3b-like functional properties of modified C3 [Pangburn, M. K., & Müller-Eberhard, H. J. (1980) J. Exp. Med. 152, 1102-1114] may thus be understood in terms of the similarity of its conformation to that of C3b. The rate of the conformational change following proteolytic cleavage was fast and appeared to be limited by the rate of the enzymatic reaction. In contrast, the rate of conformational change following addition of methylamine was slow and rate limited by the conformational rearrangement itself, not by the chemical modification. A kinetic analysis of the changes in circular dichroism and ANS fluorescence enhancement suggested that the nucleophilic addition was spectroscopically undetectable and was followed by a minimally biphasic, spectroscopically demonstrable conformational rearrangement. The appearance of C3b-like functional activity in nucleophile-modified C3 largely parallels the time course of the spectroscopically detectable conformational change but is distinctly slower than the rate at which hemolytic activity is lost. While fully transconformed methylamine-inactivated C3 can bind factor B and is susceptible to cleavage by C3b inactivator and its cofactor beta 1H, this cleavage occurs at a substantially slower rate than the equivalent process in C3b. The implications of these findings in terms of the mechanism through which the alterative pathway of complement is initiated are discussed.
Caractérisation de la transformation néoplasique de la peau par spectroscopies optiques sur fantôme de mélanome et carcinome épidermoïde murin photo-induit (2008)

Autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies were studied as non-invasive tools to discriminate different stages of skin neoplastic transformation and thus to help diagnose the two most lethal skin lesions: cutaneous melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Concerning melanoma, skin phantoms were made to simulate several melanoma thicknesses (Breslow index). Spatially-resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (using five collection optical fibers set at five different distances from the excitation optical fiber) allowed discrimination (p<0.05) of melanoma layers, the thickness of which was 1 mm different. Since diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has already shown good results in assessing malignancy of pigmented skin lesions, such a spectroscopy could be used as a complementary tool of cutaneous melanoma diagnosis. Using ultra-violet induced squamous cell carcinoma of mouse skin, bimodal spectra (multi-excitation fluorescence and diffuse reflectance) were acquired throughout the 7 month-carcinogenesis. Histological sampling followed spectral acquisition and three histological classes were determined by histo-pathological examination: compensatory hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and dysplasia. A fourth "healthy" class consisted in the skin sampled on mice that were never irradiated (control group). Multivariate statistical analysis of the spectral data set showed that combining autofluorescence (best results obtained with a 410 nm excitation) and diffuse reflectance resulted in a 9% increase of specificity when discriminating the three types of hyperplasia from one another compared to each modality used alone. Such results need to be confirmed through clinical trials on human patients.
Conical diamond tips realized by a double-molding process for high-resolution profilometry and atomic force microscopy applications (2000)

High aspect ratio diamond tips with a small radius of curvature were fabricated by means of a double-molding process and hot-filament chemical vapor deposition of diamond. The tips proved to perfectly reproduce the geometry of anisotropically etched silicon tips, which were used as first mold. The diamond tips were mounted on stubs for contact profilometry imaging as well as transferred to cantilevers for atomic force microscopy measurements. Both profilometry and atomic force microscopy investigations have demonstrated the high application potential of these tips.
Health Plan Denials and Appeals (2008)

Abstract Challenging health plan denials for voice treatment through appeals or advocacy efforts can pay off. This article describes the process of obtaining authorization for voice therapy, filing claims, establishing goals, preparing needed documentation, appealing claims through various levels including independent review, and developing an advocacy campaign if coverage is not offered or is very limited.
The effect of trench corner shapes on local stress fields: a three-dimensional finite-element modeling study (1993)

Local stress fields associated with deep trench structures are modeled in three dimensions utilizing a finite-element method. A model consisting of a SiO/sub 2/-filled deep trench residing in a silicon substrate is utilized, and stress is generated by differential thermal contraction. It is shown that corner regions, especially convex, 'outside' corners, dramatically enhance the elastic energy density and shear stresses locally compared to noncorner regions. The effects of the specific corner geometry on these local stress fields is then investigated and it is shown that subtle geometric changes can yield substantial decreases in the magnitude and lateral extent of the fields.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Single-shot hyperspectral multiplexed imaging using a computational imaging array (Conference Presentation) (2017)

We show experimental results from a prototype multiplexed imaging spectrometer. Spectral information is encoded via a dual-dispersive architecture using a digital micromirror spatial light modulator (SLM) and decoded on-chip at the focal plane with a computational imaging array. Light from the scene is dispersed through a first prism and imaged onto the SLM, which applies a unique time-varying binary (1,0) encoding to each spectral bin. The encoded light is then recombined through a second prism and imaged onto a computational imaging array, where the multiplexed image is decoded on-chip. The computational imaging array is comprised of a 32x32 array of pixels with the capability of acquiring eight concurrent measurements that can be modulated with a time-varying duo-binary signal (+1,-1,0) at MHz rates. This results in eight decoded images per frame at a maximum frame rate of 1600 frames per second. The frame rate of the system depends on the number of encoded spectral bins. At the high end it is limited by the switching speed of the DMD SLM, and at the low end it is limited by the readout rate of the imaging array. We explore these trades as well as discuss areas for future improvement.
Concurrency in Mobile Browser Engines (2015)

Web browsers are one of the most pervasive applications for an entire range of personal computing platforms--from mobile devices to desktops. Using Web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) to build "Web apps" has the promise of creating portable applications for all platforms. Thus browsers become application containers, requiring increased performance from browser engines. Here, the authors discuss advances in browser technologies that exploit multicore processing. They use the Zoomm browser and the MuscalietJS JavaScript engine as running examples of highly concurrent Web browser and JavaScript engines. They show how concurrency is effectively exploited at different levels: to speed up computation performance, preload network resources, and preprocess resources outside the critical path to speed up page loading and Web workloads.
Evolutionary Optimization in Uncertain Environments—A Survey (2005)

Evolutionary algorithms often have to solve optimization problems in the presence of a wide range of uncertainties. Generally, uncertainties in evolutionary computation can be divided into the following four categories. First, the fitness function is noisy. Second, the design variables and/or the environmental parameters may change after optimization, and the quality of the obtained optimal solution should be robust against environmental changes or deviations from the optimal point. Third, the fitness function is approximated, which means that the fitness function suffers from approximation errors. Fourth, the optimum of the problem to be solved changes over time and, thus, the optimizer should be able to track the optimum continuously. In all these cases, additional measures must be taken so that evolutionary algorithms are still able to work satisfactorily. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the related work within a unified framework, which has been scattered in a variety of research areas. Existing approaches to addressing different uncertainties are presented and discussed, and the relationship between the different categories of uncertainties are investigated. Finally, topics for future research are suggested.
Die westpaläarktischen Thamiocolus-Arten (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). (2017)

In dieser Revision werden 17 westpaläarktische Thamiocolus-Arten behandelt, darunter die folgenden vier neuen Arten: T. roubali spec. nov. aus dem Kaukasus-Gebiet, T. longicornis spec. nov. aus Osteuropa und dem Kaukasus, T. candioticus spec. nov. aus Kreta und T. paravilis spec. nov. aus den Alpen. 54 Figuren ermöglichen in Verbindung mit einer ausführlichen Tabelle die Determination der Arten. Bei jeder Art werden folgende Punkte behandelt: Synonymie, taxonomische Probleme, Biologie und geographische Verbreitung. Nomenklatorische Handlungen candioticus Dieckmann, 1973 (Thamiocolus), spec. n. longicornis Dieckmann, 1973 (Thamiocolus), spec. n. paravilis Dieckmann, 1973 (Thamiocolus), spec. n. roubali Dieckmann, 1973 (Thamiocolus), spec. n.
Dynamic Fast Issue (DFI) Mechanism for Dynamic Scheduled Processors (2000)

SUMMARY Superscalar processors can achieve increased performance by issuing instructions Out-of-Order (OoO) from the original instruction stream. Implementing an OoO instruction scheme requires a hardware mechanism to prevent incorrectly executed instructions from updating registers values. In addition, performance decreases if data dependencies, a branch or a trap among instructions appears. To this end we propose a new mechanism named Dynamic Fast Issue (DFI) mechanism to issue instructions in an OoO fashion to multiple parallel functional units without considerable hardware complexity. The above system, which will be implemented in our Superscalar Functional Assignments Register Microprocessor (FARM) [1], solves data dependencies, supports precise interrupt and branch prediction, which are the main problems associated with the dynamic scheduling of instructions in superscalar machines. Results are written only once, , directly into the register file (RF). To ensure that results are written in order in their appropriate output registers, a record of instruction order and state is maintained by a status buffer (STB). A 64 entries integrated register file is implemented to hold both renamed and logical registers. To recover the processor state from an interrupt or a branch missprediction, a status buffer (STB) and a recovery list table (RLT) are implemented. Novel aspects of the above system architecture as well as the principle underlying this process and the constraints that must be met is presented. Performance evaluation results are performed through full-pipelined-level architectural simulator and SPECint95 benchmark programs.
Rheumatoid arthritis: editorial overview (2000)

WHO Center for Molecular Biology and Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland Correspondence to Steffen Gay, MD, WHO Collaborating Center for Molecular Biology And Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Rheumatic Diseases, Gloriastrasse 25, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland; e-mail: [email protected]
Temperature coefficients of rare earth permanent magnets (1999)

A new approach for calculating the temperature coefficients of magnetic parameters is proposed in order to more accurately describe high temperature characteristics of magnetic materials. Using this new approach, the "true" (or instantaneous) temperature coefficient of any magnetic parameter at a specific temperature can be determined and a plot of temperature coefficient vs. temperature can be obtained. This new type of plot is a very useful tool to present temperature characteristics of a magnetic parameter. Data of temperature coefficient as a function of temperature for magnetization, intrinsic coercivity and maximum energy product are given for several types of rare earth permanent magnets. By applying the same approach, the temperature coefficients of heavy rare earth substituted magnets are calculated for (Sm/sub 1-x/Gd/sub x/)Co/sub 5/ and (Sm/sub 1-x/Gd/sub x/)/sub 2/TM/sub 17/ systems with 0/spl les/x/spl les/1.
Physiological and cellular aspects of phytotoxicity tolerance in plants: the role of membrane transporters and implications for crop breeding for waterlogging tolerance (2010)

Summary Waterlogging affects large areas of agricultural land, resulting in severe economic penalties because of massive losses in crop production. Traditionally, plant breeding for waterlogging tolerance has been based on the field assessment of a range of agronomic and morphological characteristics. This review argues for a need to move towards more physiologically based approaches by targeting specific cellular mechanisms underling key components of waterlogging tolerance in plants. Also, while the main focus of researchers was predominantly on plant anoxia tolerance, less attention was given to plant tolerance to phytotoxins under waterlogged conditions. This paper reviews the production of major elemental and organic phytotoxins in waterlogged soils and describes their adverse effects on plant performance. The critical role of plasma membrane transporters in plant tolerance to secondary metabolite toxicity is highlighted, and ionic mechanisms mediating the this tolerance are discussed. A causal link between the secondary metabolite‐induced disturbances to cell ionic homeostasis and programmed cell death is discussed, and a new ethylene‐independent pathway for aerenchyma formation is put forward. It is concluded that plant breeding for waterlogging tolerance may significantly benefit from targeting mechanisms of tolerance to phytotoxins.
Synthesis of [13C2]-amitriptyline, nortriptyline and desmethylnortriptyline (1978)

The syntheses of the antidepressant drug, amitriptyline, and its metabolites nortriptyline and desmethylnortriptyline, doubly labelled with carbon-13 have been accomplished in thirteen stages. Ba13CO3 was used for the carbonation of o-tolylmagnesium bromide, which subsequently provided a 13C-label distributed between positions 5, 10 and 11 in the tricyclic ring. A second carbon-13 atom was introduced at the terminal side-chain carbon, adjacent to nitrogen, using Na13CN.
Three-dimensional structures of neurotoxins and cardiotoxins (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-dimensional structures of neurotoxins and cardiotoxinsBernard Rees and Alexandrine BilwesCite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 1993, 6, 4, 385–406Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx00034a001https://doi.org/10.1021/tx00034a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
VirtualStudio2Go (2008)

We synchronize film cameras and LED lighting with off-the-shelf video projectors. Radiometric compensation allows displaying keying patterns and other spatial codes on arbitrary real world surfaces. A fast temporal multiplexing of coded projection and flash illumination enables professional keying, environment matting, displaying moderator information, scene reconstruction, and camera tracking for non-studio film sets without being limited to the constraints of a virtual studio. This makes digital video composition more flexible, since static studio equipment, such as blue screens, teleprompters, or tracking devices, is not required. Authentic film locations can be supported with our portable system without causing a lot of installation effort.
Basal studies on the model of circular excisional wounds made on the dorsal skin of rats treated with hydrocortisone. (1991)

This study was performed to establish a circular excisional wound model treated with hydrocortisone (HC-P) and to estimate the following parameters in this model: wound area, hydroxyproline (Hyp) content, histological characteristics and microscopical measurements of histological sections. HC-P inhibited the reduction of wound area, the increase in Hyp content and proliferation of granulation tissue in a dose-dependent manner. The application of ZnO ointment significantly accelerated the reduction of wound area and the increased Hyp content in rats treated with HC-P. From these results, we concluded that this experimental model is useful for the objective evaluation of the efficacy of drugs that promote wound healing.
Diblock-Copolymer-Coated Water- and Oil-Repellent Cotton Fabrics (2012)

A diblock copolymer consisting of a sol-gel-forming block and a fluorinated block was used to coat cotton fabrics, yielding textiles that were highly oil- and water-repellent. The coating procedure was simple. At grafted polymer amounts of as low as 1.0 wt %, water, diodomethane, hexadecane, cooking oil, and pump oil all had contact angles surpassing 150° on the coated cotton fabrics and were readily rolled. The liquids were not drawn into the interfiber space by the coated fabrics. Rather, droplets of the nonvolatile liquids such as cooking oil retained their beaded shapes for months with minimal contact angle changes. When forced into water, the coated fabrics trapped an air or plastron layer and this plastron layer was stable for months. In addition, the coating had high stability against simulated washing, and the mechanical properties were essentially identical to those of uncoated cotton fabrics.
Direct Measurement of Food Intake in Man: A Method for the Objective Study of Eating Behavior (1966)

A method for the direct measurement of food intake in man is described. This method provides a means for independently studying many of the variables which are thought to operate in the control of food intake. A liquid diet from a hidden reservoir was ingested through a straw during a 20-min. breakfast or lunch meal. Subjects were tested at the same time each day for several weeks. Stable ingestion patterns emerged after four or five trials. The ingestion of a constant amount of liquid diet at various intervals before the test meal depressed intake as a function of the time interval. Subjective hunger ratings correlated well with rate and amount ingested and were reduced appropriately by ingestion prior to the test meal.