gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deactivation of cultured human liver myofibroblasts by Trans -resveratrol, a grapevine-derived polyphenol (2000)

Liver myofibroblasts are major actors in the development of liver fibrosis and cancer progression. There is a large interest in drugs that might deactivate these cells. Many studies have shown that the grapevine-derived polyphenol, trans-resveratrol, and other stilbenes have therapeutic potential in some diseases. In this work, we have studied the effect of grapevine polyphenols on cultured human liver myofibroblasts. We have shown that trans-resveratrol profoundly affects myofibroblast phenotype. Trans-resveratrol induced morphological modifications. It markedly reduced proliferation of myofibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Trans-resveratrol also decreased the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) without affecting vimentin or beta-cytoplasmic actin expression. It decreased myofibroblast migration in a monolayer wounding assay. We also showed that trans-resveratrol inhibited the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of type I collagen. Finally, it decreased the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2). We conclude that trans-resveratrol can deactivate human liver myofibroblasts. In the second part of this study, we have shown that neither trans-piceid (a glycosylated analog) nor trans-piceatannol (a hydroxylated analog) reproduces trans-resveratrol effects on liver myofibroblasts. We finally show that, although trans-resveratrol decreases the proliferation of skin fibroblast and vascular smooth muscle cells, it does not affect their expression of alpha-SMA, which indicates some cell specificity.
Evaluation of Dynamic Polar Molecular Surface Area as Predictor of Drug Absorption:  Comparison with Other Computational and Experimental Predictors (1998)

The relationship between various molecular descriptors and transport of drugs across the intestinal epithelium was evaluated. The monolayer permeability (Pc) of human intestinal Caco-2 cells to a series of nine beta-receptor-blocking agents was investigated in vitro. The dynamic polar molecular surface area (PSAd) of the compounds was calculated from all low-energy conformations identified in molecular mechanics calculations in vacuum and in simulated chloroform and water environments. For most of the investigated drugs, the effects of the different environments on PSAd were small. The exception was H 216/44, which is a large flexible compound containing several functional groups capable of hydrogen bonding (PSAd,chloroform = 70.8 A2 and PSAd,water = 116.6 A2). The relationship between Pc and PSAd was stronger than those between Pc and the calculated octanol/water distribution coefficients (log Dcalc) or the experimentally determined immobilized liposome chromatography (ILC) retention. Pc values for two new practolol analogues and H 216/44 were predicted from the structure-permeability relationships of a subset of the nine compounds and compared with experimental values. The Pc values of the two practolol analogues were predicted well from both PSAd calculations and ILC retention studies. The Pc value of H 216/44 was reasonably well-predicted only from the PSAd of conformations preferred in vacuum and in water. The other descriptors overestimated the Pc of H 216/44 100-500-fold.
Animation prototyping of real-time systems specifications (2002)

Describes how animation prototyping can be applied to the formal specifications of real-time safety-critical systems as an aid to client/specifier communication. In particular, a method is defined for stating specifications in a structured hierarchical manner, while enabling the resulting decomposition to be mathematically verified. The method enables sequential ordering to be associated with VDM specifications. The methods by which VDM specifications generate animated displays of the behaviour of the system being specified are defined, and how it has been applied to a real-time embedded system is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Influence of Amount and Degree of Saturation of Dietary Fat on Yield and Quality of Milk (1972)

Four rumen-fistulated ~olstein cows were used in a Latin square design experiment over 20 weeks to compare effects of a standard diet, basal low-fat, basal + hydrogenated tallow, and basal + soybean oil diets on voluntary feed intake. rumen fermentation, and on yield and composition of milk. In a second trial, six Holstein cows fed similar basal and fat supplemented diets were used in a 3 6 Latin rectangle to compare milk production and composition under a system of restricted feed intake.
The transcription-splicing protein NonO/p54nrb and three NonO-interacting proteins bind to distal enhancer region and augment rhodopsin expression (2013)

Phototransduction machinery in vertebrate photoreceptors is contained within the membrane discs of outer segments. Daily renewal of 10% of photoreceptor outer segments requires stringent control of gene expression. Rhodopsin constitutes over 90% of the protein in rod discs, and its altered expression or transport is associated with photoreceptor dysfunction and/or death. Two cis-regulatory sequences have been identified upstream of the rhodopsin transcription start site. While the proximal promoter binds to specific transcription factors, including NRL and CRX, the rhodopsin enhancer region (RER) reportedly contributes to precise and high-level expression of rhodopsin in vivo. Here, we report the identification of RER-bound proteins by mass spectrometry. We validate the binding of NonO (p54(nrb)), a protein implicated in coupling transcription to splicing, and three NonO-interacting proteins-hnRNP M, Ywhaz and Ppp1ca. NonO and its interactors can activate rhodopsin promoter in HEK293 cells and function synergistically with NRL and CRX. DNA-binding domain of NonO is critical for rhodopsin promoter activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis demonstrates high occupancy of NonO at rhodopsin and a subset of phototransduction genes. Furthermore, shRNA knockdown of NonO in mouse retina leads to loss of rhodopsin expression and rod cell death, which can be partially rescued by a C-terminal NonO construct. RNA-seq analysis of the NonO shRNA-treated retina revealed splicing defects and altered expression of genes, specifically those associated with phototransduction. Our studies identify an important contribution of NonO and its interacting modulator proteins in enhancing rod-specific gene expression and controlling rod homeostasis.
Ultrasound-Mediated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transfection as a Targeted Cancer Therapy Platform (2017)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold tremendous potential as a targeted cell-based delivery platform for inflammatory and cancer therapy. Genetic manipulation of MSCs, however, is challenging, and therefore, most studies using MSCs as therapeutic cell carriers have utilized viral vectors to transduce the cells. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, an alternative approach for the efficient transfection of MSCs; therapeutic ultrasound (TUS). Using TUS with low intensities and moderate frequencies, MSCs were transfected with a pDNA encoding for PEX, a protein that inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and studied as a cell vehicle for in vivo tumor therapy. TUS application did not alter the MSCs' stemness or their homing capabilities, and the transfected MSCs transcribed biologically active PEX. Additionally, in a mouse model, 70% inhibition of prostate tumor growth was achieved following a single I.V. administration of MSCs that were TUS-transfected with pPEX. Further, the repeated I.V. administration of TUS-pPEX transfected-MSCs enhanced tumor inhibition up to 84%. Altogether, these results provide a proof of concept that TUS-transfected MSCs can be effectively used as a cell-based delivery approach for the prospective treatment of cancer.
“Hello,central? Give me everything on...”Or, telecommunications information in the age of divestiture (1986)

L'organisation des services de telecommunication americains et la demande croissante d'acces aux banques de donnees
Active Control of Cascade Flutter by Means of Sound Waves from Duct Wall Sources. (1996)

A theoretical analysis of the cascade flutter suppression using active acoustic excitations is presented. A model considered herein is a three-dimensional linear cascade of flat plates oscillating in a subsonic flow between parallel walls. One of the walls is partially made of actuator surface like a loudspeaker which generates sound waves with the same frequency as that of the blade oscillation. The unsteady aerodynamic work on blades due to oscillation and interaction with the acoustic disturbances generated from the actuator surface is calculated. Dependence of the aerodynamic work on the location, width, vibration modes of the actuator surface and the phase difference between the cascade and actuator surface oscillations are investigated. Numerical results show the optimum conditions of the actuator surface oscillation for effective flutter suppression.
Synthesis of high-order bandpass filters based on coupled-resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) (2011)

We present a filter design formalism for the synthesis of coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) filters. This formalism leads to expressions and a methodology for deriving the coupling coefficients of CROWs for the desired filter responses and is based on coupled-mode theory as well as the recursive properties of the coupling matrix. The coupling coefficients are universal and can be applied to various types of resonators. We describe a method for the conversion of the coupling coefficients to the parameters based on ring resonators and grating defect resonators. The designs of Butterworth and Bessel CROW filters are demonstrated as examples.
Strategies for overcoming ABC-transporters-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells. (2005)

The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors is a major cause of failure in antitumor chemotherapy. This type of cross-resistance is due to the expression of ABC transporter glycoproteins actively effluxing the drug from the cells against the concentration gradient at the expense of metabolic energy, thus preventing the accumulation in cells of therapeutic concentration of active agents. In this review strategies for overcoming this adverse phenomenon are discussed. They comprise the control of expression of MDR glycoprotein transporters and control of the functioning of the expressed transporter proteins. The latter approach is discussed in more detail, comprising the following general strategies: (i) development of compounds that are not substrates of efflux pump(s), (ii) use of agents that inactivate (inhibit) MDR proteins, (iii) design of cytostatics characterized by fast cellular uptake, surpassing their mediated efflux, (iv) use of compounds competing with the drug for the MDR protein-mediated efflux. Positive and negative aspects of these strategies are analysed, with special attention put on strategy based on the use of MDR modulators in combination therapy, allowing the restoration of cytotoxic activity of clinical cytostatics towards resistant tumor cells.
High Regression Rate Hybrid Rocket Fuel Grains with Helical Port Structures (2014)

Hybrid Rockets are popular in the aerospace industry due to their storage safety, simplicity, and controllability during rocket motor burn. However, they produce fuel regression rates typically 25% lower than solid fuel motors of the same thrust level. These lowered regression rates produce unacceptably high oxidizer-to-fuel (O/F) ratios that produce a potential for motor instability, nozzle erosion, and reduced motor duty cycles. To achieve O/F ratios that produce acceptable combustion charactersitics, traditional cylindrical fuel ports are fabricated with very long length-to-diameter ratios to increase the total burning area. these high aspect ratios produce further reduced fuel regression rate and trust levels, poor volumetric efficiency, and a potential for lateral structural loading issues during high thrust burns. In place of traditional cylindrical fuel ports, it is proposed that by researching the effects of centrifugal flow patterns introduced by embedded helical fuel port structures, a significant increase in fuel regression rates can be observed. The benefits of increasing volumetric efficiencies by lengthening the internal flow path will also be observed. The mechanisms of this increased fuel regression rate are driven by enhancing surface skin friction and reducing the effect of boundary layer "blowing" to enhance convective heat transfer to the fuel surface. Preliminary results using additive manufacturing to fabricate hybrid rocket fuel grains from acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) with embedded helical fuel port structures have been obtained, with burn-rate amplifications up to 3.0x than that of cylindrical fuel ports.
Glass Transition Temperature and Isothermal Volume Change of Selenium (1968)

Abstract The viscoelastic behavior of selenium and of partially-chlorinated selenium was studied by the dilatometric method. The glass transition temperature, Tg, of selenium was determined to be 32.0°C at a cooling rate of 0.2°C/min. The glass transition temperature decreased linearly with the reciprocal of the average chain length of selenium. The chain length was calculated using the degree of chlorination. An abrupt increase in Tg was observed at a chlorine content of about 0.013%. The volume-time curves obtained by the determination of the volume of selenium in the neighborhood of Tg were superposed on each other by sliding them along the abscissa. The values of the shift factor and of Tg fit well in Williams, Landel and Ferry’s equation. The parameters in the WLF equation, C1g and C2g, of selenium were calculated to be 6.86 and 28.6 respectively. Both the parameters increased with an increase in the chlorine content up to 0.0125%, and reached the values of usual polymers above 0.0125%. The WLF fg value of selenium was calculated to be 6.33×10−2. This value decreased with an increase in the chlorine content, and reached the universal value of usual polymers (2.5×10−2) when the chlorine content was more than 0.0125%. The chlorine content corresponds to 0.0125% when all the radicals at both ends of the linear chain molecules of selenium have been used in forming bonds with chlorine atoms. Therefore, it may be concluded that the existence of radicals at the molecular ends of selenium chains brings about an augmentation of the fraction of the free volume at Tg.
Liquid crystal lens auto-focus extended to optical image stabilization for wafer level camera (2011)

Miniaturization and reduction of production cost of optical components in consumer electronics leads to wafer level optics. This miniaturization, associated with the increase of CMOS sensors resolution, generates new needs such as auto-focus (AF) and optical image stabilization (OIS) in order to reduce the blurring caused by hand jitter. In this paper, we propose a wafer scale technology to perform AF and introduce OIS functionality. We managed to create a tunable focal lens by filling with nematic liquid crystal (LC) an assembly of two glass substrates coated with circular hole patterned chromium electrodes and resistive transparent layers of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS). When a voltage with tunable magnitude and frequency is applied to the electrodes, the resistive layer creates a non-uniform voltage distribution from the edge to the center of the aperture which depends on electrical parameters of PEDOT-PSS and LC. The resultant electric field generates a gradient orientation of the nematic director which allows to focus light polarized along the director. It is also possible to shift the optical axis of the lens by dividing the hole patterned electrodes in several sectors and to apply different voltages on each sectors. The principle of the shifting effect has been demonstrated but its magnitude has to be increased by using more adapted electrode structure to ensure the OIS function. Finally, we characterised the dynamical behaviour of the lens in both focus and shifting modes.
Development of a Burn Rehabilitation Unit: Impact on Burn Center Length of Stay and Functional Outcome (1998)

In 1995 we initiated the development of a specialized burn rehabilitation unit within an acute rehabilitation hospital, geographically separated from our burn center. The purpose was to allow an earlier initiation of an intensive rehabilitation program while still maintaining optimal burn wound care and nutritional support. The unit was directed by a burn center nurse coordinator who spent 50% of the time in the burn center and 50% in the rehabilitation unit training and supervising care. By 1996 the unit was able to manage open wounds, including skin substitutes of as much as 18% total body surface area, with 2- to 3-day returns to the center for wound coverage (2.5 +/- 0.5 procedures/patient). Our length of stay in 1996 for burns requiring inpatient rehabilitation (mean size 54% +/- 7% total body surface area) decreased by 21 +/- 5 days with respect to those in 1994 and 1995, with no increased morbidity. This length of stay was also significantly shorter (24%) than that predicted by the American Burn Association Registry formula. In addition, the rehabilitation unit length of stay required to restore the same degree of function according to a standardized measurement was significantly shorter (by 9 +/- 3 days) than for patients referred to other rehabilitation facilities in 1996. We conclude that the benefits of a burn rehabilitation unit include not only a decreased burn center length of stay but also a more rapid restoration of function.
Internal Repair of Pipeline Leaks Using Pressure-Activated Sealant (2004)

Abstract A cost-effective method of internally repairing pipeline leaks has been developed that – in many instances – eliminates the need for expensive and risky external mechanical repairs. By delivering a pressure-activated sealant between two pigs to a leak site and pressure activating the sealant to polymerize as a flexible solid within the leak path, it is possible to internally repair pipeline leaks without the need for excavating or replacing defective sections with minor leaks.
Loss analysis during dead time and thermal study of gallium nitride devices (2015)

By virtue of the advantages in breakdown field strength and saturated electron speed, gallium nitride field-effect transistors (GaN FETs) have been attracting attentions as next generation power devices in recent years. Compared with silicon-based metal-oxidesemiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), GaN FETs have no intrinsic anti-parallel body diodes and exhibit poor reverse conduction characteristics. Thus it is necessary to optimize the dead time to not only avoid shoot-through current during the transient period in the single phase leg structure, but also to minimize reverse conduction power losses. Another characteristic of GaN FETs is their relatively low thermal conductivity. To satisfy the demands of higher power density, the thermal performance and cooling requirements of GaN FETs should be evaluated. In this paper, loss analysis during dead time and the thermal study of GaN FETs are presented. As a case study, a 200W GaN FETs based resonant converter is considered. The simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.
Osteopontin promotes CCL5-mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated breast cancer metastasis (2011)

The interaction between cancer and its local microenvironment can determine properties of growth and metastasis. A critical component of the tumor microenvironment in this context is the cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF), which can promote tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. It has been hypothesized that CAF may be derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), derived from local or distant sources. However, the signaling mechanisms by which tumors and MSCs interact to promote CAF-dependent cancer growth are largely unknown. In this study with in vitro and in vivo models using MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells, we demonstrate that tumor-derived osteopontin (OPN) induces MSC production of CCL5; the mechanism involves OPN binding to integrin cell surface receptors and activator protein-1 c-jun homodimer transactivation. In a murine xenograft model, concomitant inoculation of MSC with MDA-MB231 cells induces: (i) significantly increased growth and metastasis of MB231 cells and (ii) increased MSC migration to metastatic sites in lung and liver; this mechanism is both OPN and CCL5 dependent. MSCs retrieved from sites of metastases exhibit OPN-dependent expression of the CAF markers, α-smooth muscle actin, tenascin-c, CXCL12 (or stromal cell-derived factor 1) and fibroblast-specific protein-1 and the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Based upon these results, we propose that tumor-derived OPN promotes tumor progression via the transformation of MSC into CAF.
A Hybrid Numerical Integration Method for Machine Dynamic Simulation (1986)

An efficient and stable method for solving mixed-differential algebraic equations of constrained mechanical system dynamics is presented. The algorithm combines constraint stabilization and generalized coordinate partitioning methods, taking advantage of their attractive speed and error control characteristics, respectively. Three examples are studied to demonstrate efficiency and stability of the method.
The RNA interference pathway affects midgut infection- and escape barriers for Sindbis virus in Aedes aegypti (2010)

We showed that RNAi impaired transgenic mosquitoes are a useful tool for studying arbovirus-mosquito interactions at the molecular level. Following ingestion by Ae. aegypti, the recombinant SINV-TR339EGFP was confronted with both MEB and a midgut infection barrier (MIB). Impairment of the RNAi pathway in the midgut strongly reduced both midgut barriers for the virus. This confirms that the endogenous RNAi pathway of Ae. aegypti modulates vector competence for SINV in the midgut. The RNAi pathway acts as a gatekeeper to the incoming virus by affecting infection rate of the midgut, intensity of infection, and dissemination from the midgut to secondary tissues.
Localized Enhanced Diffusion in NPN Silicon Structures (1965)

Extensive studies of the Emitter Dip Effect (EDE) in npn silicon structures are reported. Typically, 1 ohm‐cm n‐type silicon starting material was used. Boron diffusion into this material resulted in a 0.7μ base depth and surface concentrations of . The emitter regions had surface concentrations of and 0.4μ junction depths. The dip was typically 0.3μ, i.e., the base penetrated 0.3μ deeper under the emitter than elsewhere. Important experimental findings are: (A) Crucible grown, zone refined, and epitaxial silicon give the same results. (B) The EDE occurs only if phosphorus doping is sufficient to overcompensate the base doping. (C) Multiple emitter diffusion causes multiple dips. (D) Slow cooling from diffusion temperature enhances the dip. (E) An enhanced boron diffusion constant in the base layer apparently causes the dip rather than the rejection of boron by the region of high phosphorus concentration. (F) The dip is not present for lightly doped (1017 cm−3) base layers.
PRESERVATION OF THE CANINE LIVER FOR 24–48 HOURS USING SIMPLE COLD STORAGE WITH UW SOLUTION (1988)

The results of a series of 29 orthotopic liver transplants in the dog are described. The livers were preserved in a new cold storage fluid, UW solution, and were successfully transplanted after periods of storage of 24, 30, 36, and 48 hr. All six animals transplanted after 24 hr survived beyond 5 days after transplantation and had excellent graft function. Four of six survived for at least 5 days after 30 hr of cold storage, and five of five after 36 hr. Five of six consecutive dogs that received transplants that had been cold-stored for 48 hr survived for 5 or more days. This solution represents a substantial advance over all existing cold storage solutions for liver preservation.