gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase I study of atrasentan in combination with liposomal doxorubicin in platinum resistant ovarian cancer (2005)

3170 Background: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a peptide that upon binding to its cognate ET-A receptor triggers tumor cell growth, survival, angiogenesis and invasion. Ovarian cancer overexpresses ET-1 and in vitro studies have shown that ET-1 confers resistance to anthracycline containing chemotherapy. Atrasentan has been developed as a specific oral receptor antagonist. From phase I and II human trials a dose of 10 mg/day is considered safe and the preferred dose for further clinical studies. The combination of atrasentan with chemotherapy might be an attractive approach in the treatment of ovarian cancer. The objective of the study was to investigate the feasibility and toxicity of adding increasing doses of atrasentan (to a maximum of 10 mg/day) to second -line liposomal doxorubicin in patients with progressive ovarian cancer. Methods: Patients with platinum resistant ovarian cancer (progressing during platinum therapy or recurrence within 6 months after platinum therapy) were treated with liposomal doxorubicin 50 mg/sqm on day 1 (and repeated every 4 weeks) in combination with escalating doses of atrasentan once daily. The starting dose was 2.5 mg and escalated in cohorts of 3 patients from 5 mg up to 10 mg. Results: Ten patients (median age 63, range 49 - 73) have been treated at these 3 dose levels. Nine patients were evaluable for toxicity and eight patients were evaluable for response. One patient had a CA-125 response. No dose limiting toxicities have been observed. Adverse events related to liposomal doxorubicin include grade 2 mucositis (n=1) and grade 2 bone marrow toxicity (n=5). Atrasentan related toxicity consisted of nasal congestion grade 2 (n=1). Cardiac toxicity, intensively monitored, was not observed. Conclusions: The addition of atrasentan to standard dose liposomal doxorubicin is feasible in patients with platinum resistant ovarian cancer. A phase II study with this combination has been initiated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Esters of Nitroalcohols (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEsters of NitroalcoholsJ. B. TindallCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1941, 33, 1, 65–66Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50373a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50373a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fluorescent ligands for studying neuropeptide receptors by confocal microscopy (1998)

This paper reviews the use of confocal microscopy as it pertains to the identification of G-protein coupled receptors and the study of their dynamic properties in cell cultures and in mammalian brain following their tagging with specific fluorescent ligands. Principles that should guide the choice of suitable ligands and fluorophores are discussed. Examples are provided from the work carried out in the authors' laboratory using custom synthetized fluoresceinylated or BODIPY-tagged bioactive peptides. The results show that confocal microscopic detection of specifically bound fluorescent ligands permits high resolution appraisal of neuropeptide receptor distribution both in cell culture and in brain sections. Within the framework of time course experiments, it also allows for a dynamic assessment of the internalization and subsequent intracellular trafficking of bound fluorescent molecules. Thus, it was found that neurotensin, somatostatin and mu- and delta-selective opioid peptides are internalized in a receptor-dependent fashion and according to receptor-specific patterns into their target cells. In the case of neurotensin, this internalization process was found to be clathrin-mediated, to proceed through classical endosomal pathways and, in neurons, to result in a mobilization of newly formed endosomes from neural processes to nerve cell bodies and from the periphery of cell bodies towards the perinuclear zone. These mechanisms are likely to play an important role for ligand inactivation, receptor regulation and perhaps also transmembrane signaling.
The promise and pitfalls of long-acting injectable agents for HIV prevention (2015)

Long-acting injectable formulations, if safe and well tolerated, may improve pharmacokinetic coverage of exposures to HIV infection. Complexities around safety, tolerability, and starting/stopping protocols require careful consideration.
Density functional theory for transition metals and transition metal chemistry (2009)

We introduce density functional theory and review recent progress in its application to transition metal chemistry. Topics covered include local, meta, hybrid, hybrid meta, and range-separated functionals, band theory, software, validation tests, and applications to spin states, magnetic exchange coupling, spectra, structure, reactivity, and catalysis, including molecules, clusters, nanoparticles, surfaces, and solids.
Implementation of Chua's chaotic circuit using currentfeedback op-amps (1998)

The authors present a new, current feedback op-amp-based, implementation of Chua's chaotic circuit. The workability of the proposed implementation has been experimentally verified using AD844 type current feedback op amps. This implementation offers several advantages over an earlier one based upon traditional voltage-mode op-amps.
The bactericidal activity of glutaraldehyde‐impregnated polyurethane (2016)

Although glutaraldehyde is known to be bactericidal in solution, its potential use to create novel antibacterial polymers suitable for use in healthcare environments has not been evaluated. Here, novel materials were prepared in which glutaraldehyde was either incorporated into polyurethane using a simple "swell-encapsulation-shrink" method (hereafter referred to as "glutaraldehyde-impregnated polyurethane"), or simply applied to the polymer surface (hereafter referred to as "glutaraldehyde-coated polyurethane"). The antibacterial activity of glutaraldehyde-impregnated and glutaraldehyde-coated polyurethane samples was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Glutaraldehyde-impregnated polyurethane resulted in a 99.9% reduction in the numbers of E. coli within 2 h and a similar reduction of S. aureus within 1 h, whereas only a minimal reduction in bacterial numbers was observed when the biocide was bound to the polymer surface. After 15 days, however, the bactericidal activity of the impregnated material was substantially reduced presumably due to polymerization of glutaraldehyde. Thus, although glutaraldehyde retains antibacterial activity when impregnated into polyurethane, activity is not maintained for extended periods of time. Future work should examine the potential of chemical modification of glutaraldehyde and/or polyurethane to improve the useful lifespan of this novel antibacterial polymer.
Computational Analysis of Chinese and English Texts with the Functional Semantic Processor and the C-LFG Parser (1995)

The Functional Semantic Processor (FSP) is a software tool designed to facilitate analysis of Chinese and English texts. Analysis is based principally, but not exclusively on Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). Lower level syntactic analysis of simple sentences in Chinese is performed by the Chinese-Lexical Functional Grammar (C-LFG) Parser developed in LPA 386 Prolog for Windows. In this paper, we describe the interaction between the C-LFG Parser and those modules comprising the FSP which correspond to clause level analyses for transitivity, theme-rheme and information structures. Each module assembles a partial solution to the larger question of what is the meaning which the text as a whole conveys. The modules are graphically represented as folders in the central component of the FSP called the Analyst's Interface (FSP-AI), developed in Visual Basic. In each folder of the FSP-AI, the user may view and edit a new analysis, or retrieve a previously saved analysis for editing. The FSP-AI is linked by means of OLE automation with Word for Windows (WinWord) which provides all the necessary text-editing functions. Moreover, using Visual Basic's database engine, data entered in fields on folders in the FSP-AI are saved to a Microsoft Access compatible database. Because both the C-LFG Parser and the FSP-AI are Windows applications, although developed with different programming languages, communication between the two is seamless.
Rapport II.9. Modèles mathématiques de fonctionnement hydraulique d’un système d’adduction d’eau (1971)

Jean R. Rapport II.9. Modèles mathématiques de fonctionnement hydraulique d’un système d’adduction d’eau. In: Utilisation des ressources en eau d'un bassin dans le cadre de l'aménagement du territoire. Compte rendu des onzièmes journées de l'hydraulique; Paris, 22-24 septembre 1970. Tome 1, 1971.
New results on the performance of a well-known class of adaptive filters (1976)

We derive a broad range of theoretical results concerning the performance and limitations of a class of analog adaptive filters. Applications of these filters have been proposed in many different engineering contexts which have in common the following idealized identification problem: A system has a vector input x(t) and a scalar output z(t)=h'x(t), where h is an unknown time-invariant coefficient vector. From a knowledge of x(t) and z(t) it is required to estimate h. The filter considered here adjusts an estimate vector h <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> (t) in a control loop, thus d/dt h <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> = KF[z(t)-z <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> (t)]x(t) where z <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> (t) = h <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> 'x(t), F is a suitable, in general nonlinear, function, and K is the loop gain. The effectiveness of the filter is determined by the convergence properties of the misalignment vector, r = h - h <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">^</sup> . With weak nondegeneracy requirements on x(t) we prove the exponential convergence to zero of the norm ||r(t)||. For all values of K, we give upper and lower bounds on the convergence rate which are tight in that both bounds have similar qualitative dependence on K. The dependence of these bounds on K is unexpected and important since it reveals basic limitations of the filters which are not predicted by the conventional approximate method of analysis, the "method of averaging." By analyzing the effects of an added forcing term u(t) in the control equation we obtain upper bounds to the effects on the convergence process of various important departures from the idealized model as when noise is present as an additional component of z(t), the coefficient vector h is time-varying, and the integrators in a hardware implementation have finite memory.
GPR54 peptide agonists stimulate insulin secretion from murine, porcine and human islets (2012)

This study was designed to determine the effects of 10 and 13 amino acid forms of kisspeptin on dynamic insulin secretion from mammalian islets since it is not clear from published data whether the shorter peptide is stimulatory while the longer peptide inhibits insulin release. Insulin secretion was measured by radioimmunoassay following perifusion of human, pig, rat and mouse isolated islets with kisspeptin-10 or kisspeptin-13 in the presence of 20 mM glucose. Both peptides stimulated rapid, reversible potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from islets of all species tested. These data indicate that both kisspeptin-10 and kisspeptin-13, which is an extension of kisspeptin-10 by three amino acids, act directly at islet β-cells of various species to potentiate insulin secretion, and suggest that inhibitory effects reported in earlier studies may reflect differences in experimental protocols.
V2V Wireless Communication Protocol for Rear-End Collision Avoidance on Highways (2008)

More than 23% of annual vehicle accidents are rear-end collisions, which provides an important test-case for enhanced collision avoidance approaches based on v2v wireless communications. In this work, we propose and study the impact of a 802.11 based multi-hop MAC protocol that propagates an emergency warning message (EWM) down a platoon of cars on a highway. The design objective is to ensure reception of this message with stringent (low) delay constraints so as to provide drivers with requisite available maneuver time (AMT) to avoid rear-end collision. We provide realistic simulation studies of protocol performance within ns-2 environment for various topology (1 lane and 3 lanes) and background traffic scenarios, as well as different protocol parameter settings, to highlight the potential of this approach for effective collision avoidance or mitigation.
Detection of Clipping in Coded Speech Signals (2013)

In order to exploit the full dynamic range of communications and recording equipment, and to minimise the effects of noise and interference, input gain to a recording device is typically set as high as possible. This often leads to the signal exceeding the input limit of the equipment resulting in clipping. Communications devices typically rely on codecs such as GSM 06.10 to compress voice signals into lower bitrates. Detecting clipping in a hard-clipped speech signal is straightforward due to the characteristic flattening of the peaks of the waveform, this is not the case for speech that has subsequently passed through a codec. We describe a novel clipping detection algorithm based on amplitude histogram analysis and least squares residuals which can estimate the clipped samples and the original signal level in speech even after the clipped speech has been perceptually coded
Isolation of Progenitors that Exhibit Myogenic/Osteogenic Bipotency In Vitro by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting from Human Fetal Muscle (2014)

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) strategies to purify distinct cell types from the pool of fetal human myofiber-associated (hMFA) cells were developed. We demonstrate that cells expressing the satellite cell marker PAX7 are highly enriched within the subset of CD45(-)CD11b(-)GlyA(-)CD31(-)CD34(-)CD56(int)ITGA7(hi) hMFA cells. These CD45(-)CD11b(-)GlyA(-)CD31(-)CD34(-)CD56(int)ITGA7(hi) cells lack adipogenic capacity but exhibit robust, bipotent myogenic and osteogenic activity in vitro and engraft myofibers when transplanted into mouse muscle. In contrast, CD45(-)CD11b(-)GlyA(-)CD31(-)CD34(+) fetal hMFA cells represent stromal constituents of muscle that do not express PAX7, lack myogenic function, and exhibit adipogenic and osteogenic capacity in vitro. Adult muscle likewise contains PAX7(+) CD45(-)CD11b(-)GlyA(-)CD31(-)CD34(-)CD56(int)ITGA7(hi) hMFA cells with in vitro myogenic and osteogenic activity, although these cells are present at lower frequency in comparison to their fetal counterparts. The ability to directly isolate functionally distinct progenitor cells from human muscle will enable novel insights into muscle lineage specification and homeostasis.
Perovskite Oxides: Materials Science in Catalysis (1977)

In a time of growing need for catalysts, perovskites have been rediscovered as a family of catalysts of such great diversity that a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines have been brought to bear in their study and application. Because of the wide range of ions and valences which this simple structure can accommodate, the perovskites lend themselves to chemical tailoring. It is relatively simple to synthesize perovskites because of the flexibility of the structure to diverse chemistry. Many of the techniques of ceramic powder preparation are applicable to perovskite catalysts. In their own right, they are therefore of interest as a model system for the correlation of solid-state parameters and catalytic mechanisms. Such correlations [See figure in the PDF file] have recently been found between the rate and selectivity of oxidation-reduction reactions and the thermodynamic and electronic parameters of the solid. For commercial processes such as those mentioned in the introduction, perovskite catalysts have not yet proven to be practical. Much of the initial interest in these catalysts related to their use in automobile exhaust control. Current interest in this field centers on noble metalsubstituted perovskites resistant to S poisoning for single-bed, dual-bed, and three-way catalyst configurations. The formulations commercially tested to date have shown considerable promise, but long-term stability has not yet been achieved. A very large fraction of the elements that make up presently used commercial catalysts can be incorporated in the structure of perovskite oxides. Conversely, it is anticipated that perovskite oxides, appropriately formulated, will show catalytic activity for a large variety of chemical conversions. Even though this expectation is by no means a prediction of commercial success in the face of competition by existing catalyst systems, it makes these oxides attractive models in the study of catalytic chemical conversion. By appropriate formulation many desirable properties can be tailored, including the valence state of transition metal ions, the binding energy and diffusion of O in the lattice, the distance between active sites, and the magnetic and conductive properties of the solid. Only a very small fraction of possible perovskite formulations have been explored as catalysts. It is expected that further investigation will greatly expand the scope of perovskite catalysis, extend the understanding of solid-state parameters in catalysis, and contribute to the development of practical catalytic processes.
EXOCELLULAR BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDE FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS NRRL B-1459: PART III. STRUCTURE (1964)

Periodate oxidation showed that the O-acetyl groups in the polysaccharide sterically affected the rate but not the extent of oxidation of the D-mannose residues, two-thirds of which were glycosidically substituted at C 2 by a D-glucuronic acid residue and one-third of which was linked as a terminal side-chain residue. The D-glucose and D-glucuronic acid residues oxidized by periodate were substituted at C 4 , but both were more resistant to oxidation than were the D-mannose residues. One-third of the D-glucose residues and a significant quantity of the D-glucuronic acid residues were inert to vigorous periodate oxidation and may bear side-chain residues. Quantitative recovery of the periodate-stable D-glucose residues as 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-D-erythritol, after the oxidized polysaccharide was reduced with sodium borohydride and hydrolyzed with mild acid, revealed that two-thirds of the D-glucose residues were in pairs linked (β, 1 → 4). The pyruvic acid linkage in the polysaccharide was established as a 4,6-O-1-carboxyethylidene ketal attached to a terminal D-glucose side-chain residue. The structure of the polysaccharide is discussed in relation to its anomalous viscosity behavior in salt solutions.
Development and Validation of a Multivariable Predictive Model to Distinguish Bacterial From Aseptic Meningitis in Children in the Post-<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Era (2002)

The BMS accurately identifies children at low (BMS = 0) or high (BMS > or =2) risk of bacterial meningitis. Outpatient management may be considered for children in the low-risk group.
Structural and Physicochemical Characterization of a Solid Solution Produced by Antisolvent Crystallization of a New Phosphoantigen (2009)

During the crystallization of the monohydrated disodium salt of hydroxydimethylallyl pyrophosphonate (C-HDMAPP·Na2·H2O) induced by addition of ethanol to an aqueous solution, a synthesis impurity (C-ethylPP2−) can be incorporated into the crystal lattice. Owing to the chemical similarity between the two anionic molecular entities, a solid solution of substitution type is produced and has been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), thermal analysis, and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS). Besides the incidence of the solid solution on diffraction peak positions caused by expansion/contraction of the lattice, XRPD revealed that a distinct crystalline phase is obtained when the proportion of impurity is higher than ca. 20 wt %. The crystal structure of both C-HDMAPP·Na2·H2O and C-ethylPP·Na2 phases were determined, which allowed molecular modeling investigations. A mechanism has been proposed to explain the substitution at a molecular level and is consistent with the correlation observed between the actual water content (nonstoichiometry) and the proportion of impurity in the solid solution of global formula C-HDMAPP1−x·C-ethylPPx·Na2·(H2O)1+2x, (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.26).