gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of low-molecular-weight halogenated hydrocarbons by methanotrophic bacteria (1990)

Low-molecular-weight halogenated hydrocarbons are susceptible to degradation by anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. The methanotrophic bacterium Methylosinus trichosporium 0B3b degrades trichloroethylene more rapidly than other bacteria examined to date. Expression of soluble methane monooxygenase (MMO) is correlated with high rates of biodegradation. An analysis of 16 S rRNA sequences of 11 ribosomal RNAs from type I, type II and type X methanotrophs and methanol-utilizing bacteria have revealed four clusters of phylogenetically related methylotrophs. This information may be useful for the identification and enumeration of methylotrophs in bioreactors and other environments during remediation of contaminated waters.
Modeling and analysis of a wide-speed-range induction motor drive based on electronic pole changing (1997)

It has been previously demonstrated that an induction machine drive with contactorless pole changing can be achieved by reversing the current directions of certain stator coil groups. This paper compares the power and torque capability of this type of induction motor drive with conventional four-pole and two-pole induction machine drives. Based on the technique of vector space decomposition, the machine coupled-circuit model is transformed into a reference frame model. As a result of this transformation, the coupled coil group variables can be replaced by equivalent decoupled four-pole and two-pole dqO variables. This reference frame model facilitates the analysis and control of the machine drive, especially during transients, such as the pole-changing transition.
Mode coupling at connectors in mode-division multiplexed transmission over few-mode fiber (2015)

In mode-division multiplexed (MDM) transmission systems, mode coupling is responsible for inter-modal crosstalk. We consider the transmission of modulated signals over a few-mode fiber (FMF) having low mode coupling and large differential mode group delay in the presence of a non-ideal fiber connection responsible for extra mode coupling. In this context, we first analytically derive the coupling matrix of the multimode connector and we numerically study the dependence of the matrix coefficients as a function of the butt-joint connection characteristics. The numerical results are then validated through an experiment with a five-mode setup. Finally, through numerical simulations, we assess the impact of the connector on the signal quality investigating different receiver digital signal processing (DSP) schemes.
Gore-Tex for Augmentation of the Nasal Dorsum: A Preliminary Report (1991)

Many different materials have been used to provide augmentation of the nasal dorsum. This includes both autogenous and homogenous materials, as well as allografts. Many times autogenous material is not readily available and homogenous materials have recently demonstrated significant absorption. Several artificial materials have been used in the past, including Supramid, silicone, and Proplast, each with its own limitations or problems. Two years ago we began using Gore-Tex Soft Tissue Patch as a material to augment the nasal dorsum. Although our experience is preliminary, certainly, experience with this material in cardiac and abdominal surgery is extensive. Our initial impression is that this material is a very useful alternative to traditional methods of nasal augmentation.
The American Concept of Schizophrenia (1989)

The American concept of schizophrenia is built primarily upon concepts advanced by Kraepelin, Bleuler, and Schneider. Because of the influence of major research studies such as the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia and the U.S./U.K. study, emphasis has been placed on developing reliable descriptions of symptoms and a precise definition of the disorder. This research also led to a recognition that the American concept of schizophrenia was relatively broad in comparison with that used in the rest of the world. This led to a critical reappraisal of American diagnostic practices during the 1970's, culminating in the narrower definition of schizophrenia in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III). This definition requires the presence of psychotic features, established chronicity, evidence of deterioration, and the exclusion of affective and "organic" features. In comparison with this definition, the Soviet concept appears to be much broader and to include non-psychotic forms. Treatment implications of these differences are discussed.
Identification of microRNA-181a-5p and microRNA-4454 as mediators of facet cartilage degeneration (2016)

Osteoarthritis (OA) of spine (facet joints [FJs]) is one of the major causes of severe low back pain and disability worldwide. The degeneration of facet cartilage is a hallmark of FJ OA. However, endogenous mechanisms that initiate degeneration of facet cartilage are unknown, and there are no disease-modifying therapies to stop FJ OA. In this study, we have identified microRNAs (small noncoding RNAs) as mediators of FJ cartilage degeneration. We first established a cohort of patients with varying degrees of facet cartilage degeneration (control group: normal or mild facet cartilage degeneration; FJ OA group: moderate to severe facet cartilage degeneration) and then screened 2,100 miRNAs and identified 2 miRNAs (miR-181a-5p and miR-4454) that were significantly elevated in FJ OA cartilage compared with control facet cartilage. We further explored their role, function, and signaling mechanisms using computational, in vitro functional, and in vivo studies. We specifically indicate that miR-181a-5p and miR-4454 are involved in promoting inflammatory, catabolic, and cell death activity in FJ chondrocytes. This is the first report to our knowledge that identifies miR-181a-5p and miR-4454 as mediators of cartilage degeneration in FJs and potential therapeutic targets for stopping cartilage degeneration.
Neuropathic Gastric Dilatation in Psittaciformes (1987)

Psittacine neuropathic gastric dilatation was studied in four cockatoos (Cacatua spp.). The birds died with characteristic clinical signs, and post-mortem examination revealed a highly distended proventriculus. Upon light microscopic examination, most of the ganglia of the gastric plexus and some of the duodenal myenteric plexus appeared destroyed and replaced by round cell accumulations; the same was true for the celiac ganglion. The neuronal perikaryon of the celiac ganglion and the myenteric plexus revealed intranuclear and extranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The electron microscope revealed virus-like particles outside and within those inclusions. These particles were similar to particles described and identified as paramyxovirus.
Illumination Detection in Linear Space (2000)

Scene illumination in digital photography is of limited types, including Daylights of various temperatures, Horizon, Incandescent and various Fluorescents. For white balancing purposes in consumer digital photography, it is often sufficient to compute the scene illumination with limited accuracy. Therefore, rather than estimating the tristimulus color value or the illumination spectrum as a continuous (vector) variable, we can detect the illumination via hypothesis testing and selecting from a finite set of candidate illuminations. An illumination detection approach is introduced in this work by incorporating linear decomposition of the spectral surface reflectance.Illumination estimation, illumination detection, hypothesis testing, linear decomposition, white balancing.
Quantitative SERS Detection of Dopamine in Cerebrospinal Fluid by Dual-Recognition-Induced Hot Spot Generation (2018)

Reliable profiling of the extracellular dopamine (DA) concentration in the central nervous system is essential for a deep understanding of its biological and pathological functions. However, quantitative determination of this neurotransmitter remains a challenge because of the extremely low concentration of DA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients. Herein, on the basis of the specific recognition of boronate toward diol and N-hydroxysuccinimide ester toward the amine group, a simple and highly sensitive strategy was presented for DA detection by using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy as a signal readout. This was realized by first immobilizing 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid di( N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) on gold thin film surfaces to capture DA, followed by introducing 3-mercaptophenylboronic acid (3-MPBA)-functionalized silver nanoparticles to generate numerous plasmonic "hot spots" with the nanoparticle-on-mirror geometry. Such a dual-recognition mechanism not only avoids complicated bioelement-based manipulations but also efficiently decreases the background signal. With the direct use of the recognition probe 3-MPBA as a Raman reporter, the "signal-on" SERS method was employed to quantify the concentration of DA from 1 pM to 1 μM with a detection limit of 0.3 pM. Moreover, our dual-recognition-directed SERS assay exhibited a high resistance to cerebral interference and was successfully applied to monitoring of DA in CSF samples of patients.
Efficacy of Minocycline and EDTA Lock Solution in Preventing Catheter-Related Bacteremia, Septic Phlebitis, and Endocarditis in Rabbits (2002)

To determine the efficacy of antibiotic catheter lock solution in preventing catheter-related infections, silicone catheters were tunneled and inserted into the jugular veins of 18 rabbits. The catheters were challenged with an intraluminal injection of 10(5) CFU of slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in 0.1 ml of water. The catheters were maintained on heparin (100 IU/ml) flush for the first 3 days. On day 3, quantitative blood samples for culture were obtained from the catheters and ear veins, which documented catheter-related bacteremia, and the rabbits were randomized to have their catheters flushed as follows: five animals were continued on heparin (100 IU/ml), five animals received vancomycin (3 mg/ml) with heparin (100 IU/ml), and eight animals received 3 mg of minocycline per ml with 30 mg of EDTA per ml (M-EDTA). All animals were killed at day 7. Blood, catheters, jugular veins, and heart valves were cultured quantitatively. Animals maintained on heparin developed catheter-related colonization, bacteremia, septic phlebitis, and endocarditis. Vancomycin-heparin partially prevented catheter colonization, bacteremia, and phlebitis (P = 0.2). M-EDTA completely prevented catheter colonization, catheter-related bacteremia, and phlebitis in all of the animals (P < 0.01). Tricuspid endocarditis was equally prevented by vancomycin-heparin and M-EDTA (P < or = 0.06). In conclusion, the M-EDTA catheter flush solution was highly efficacious in preventing catheter-related colonization, bacteremia, septic phlebitis, and endocarditis in rabbits.
Molecular characterization of newly recognized rodent parvoviruses (1996)

Several autonomous rodent parvoviruses distinct from the prototypic rodent parvoviruses have been isolated. These include variants of a mouse parvovirus (MPV), a hamster isolate designated hamster parvovirus (HaPV), and a variant strain of minute virus of mice (MVM) designated MVM-Cutter or MVM(c). In this study, the DNA sequence of the coding regions of the viral genome and the predicted protein sequences for each of these new isolates were determined and compared to the immunosuppressive and prototypic strains of MVM [MVM(i) and MVM(p)], the rodent parvovirus H-1, and LuIII, an autonomous parvovirus of uncertain host origin. Sequence comparisons showed that the MPV isolates were almost identical, HaPV was very similar to MPV, and MVM(c) was most similar to MVM(i) and MVM(p). Haemagglutination inhibition assays revealed that MPV and HaPV represent two serotypes distinct from previously characterized rodent parvovirus serotypes while MVM(c) belongs to the MVM serotype. Each of the newly isolated rodent parvoviruses was shown to encapsidate a predominantly negative-sense 5 kb DNA genome and to encode two nonstructural proteins (NS1 and NS2) and two structural viral proteins (VP1 and VP2). These studies indicate that MPV and HaPV are autonomous parvoviruses distinct from previously characterized parvoviruses and MVM(c) is a variant strain of MVM distinct from MVM(i) and MVM(p).
Enzyme-analog built polymers. 20. Molecular recognition through the exact placement of functional groups on rigid matrixes via a template approach (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-analog built polymers. 20. Molecular recognition through the exact placement of functional groups on rigid matrixes via a template approachGuenter. Wulff, Barbara. Heide, and Georg. HelfmeierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 5, 1089–1091Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00265a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00265a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views526Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Physiological Capillary Regression is not Dependent on Reducing <scp>VEGF</scp> Expression (2015)

Investigations into physiologically controlled capillary regression report the provocative finding that microvessel regression occurs in the face of persistent elevation of skeletal muscle VEGF expression. TSP-1, a negative angiogenic regulator, is increasingly being observed to temporally correlate with capillary regression, suggesting that increased TSP-1 (and not reduction in VEGF per se) is needed to initiate, and likely regulate, capillary regression. Based on evidence being gleaned from physiologically mediated regression of capillaries, it needs to be recognized that capillary regression (and perhaps capillary rarefaction with disease) is not simply the reversal of factors used to stimulate angiogenesis. Rather, the conceptual understanding that angiogenesis and capillary regression each have specific and unique requirements that are biologically constrained to opposite sides of the balance between positive and negative angioregulatory factors may shed light on why anti-VEGF therapies have not lived up to the promise in reversing angiogenesis and providing the cure that many had hoped toward fighting cancer. Emerging evidence from physiological controlled angiogenesis suggest that cases involving excessive or uncontrolled capillary expansion may be best treated by therapies designed to increase expression of negative angiogenic regulators, whereas those involving capillary rarefaction may benefit from inhibiting negative regulators (like TSP-1).
THE MEASUREMENT OF SOIL WATER CONTENT USING A PORTABLE TDR HAND PROBE (1984)

The time-domain reflectrometry (TDR) technique had previously been shown to measure the volumetric water content of soil accurately when applied to long-term installations of parallel transmission lines. In this study a hand probe was used with a portable TDR instrument to measure water content of soil down the wall of soils pits to a depth greater than 1 m. In a separate experiment the water content of the surface soil at two sites was measured repeatedly in increasing depth increments of 50 mm to 300 mm. The TDR measured values were compared with values obtained by a gravimetric determination on a sample of soil. The TDR gave values that were calculated at the time of measurement in the field. TDR measured values were as accurate and precise as those from gravimetric samples. Key words: Volumetric water content, soil, time domain reflectometry
Sporulation of <i>Bacillus stearothermophilus</i> (1967)

A broth medium containing tryptone and manganese sulfate supported heavy sporulation of Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 (NCA 1518) and four isolates identified as B. stearothermophilus. Maximal spore yields were obtained by use of inocula grown anaerobically in a medium containing glucose with aeration of sporulation medium via bubbling. After an extended stationary period, sporulation occurred concurrently with vegetative growth between 6 and 8 hr of incubation at 60 C. Omission of glucose from the inoculum or use of a "young" (2 hr) inoculum abolished the stationary period, but decreased spore yields. A requirement of oxygen for rapid vegetative growth and sporulation was demonstrated. Manganese (15 to 30 ppm) stimulated sporulation but did not enhance cell growth.
Distribution of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues in partially carboxylated human prothrombins. (1986)

The role of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in prothrombin has been examined using partially carboxylated variant prothrombins isolated from a person with a hereditary defect in vitamin K-dependent carboxylation. These species differ in gamma-carboxyglutamic acid content, distribution, and function, as monitored by metal binding properties, conformational transitions, phospholipid binding, and calcium-dependent coagulant activity (Borowski, M., Furie, B. C., Goldsmith, G. H., and Furie, B. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 9258-9264). The distribution of gamma-carboxyglutamic acids in the variant prothrombin species was determined by specific tritium incorporation into gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues, thermal decarboxylation, and automated Edman degradation. gamma-Carboxyglutamic acid residues in the partially carboxylated prothrombins were identified by the assay of tritium in the resultant glutamic acid residues in the acarboxyprothrombins. The results indicate that variant prothrombins 1-3 are nearly homogeneous populations of partially carboxylated prothrombins. The ability of prothrombin to undergo a metal-induced conformational change and to bind to phospholipid vesicles correlated closely to the presence of a gamma-carboxyglutamic acid at residue 16. This residue is likely involved in the formation of a critical high affinity metal-binding site, possibly formed by Gla 16 and Gla 25 and/or Gla 26. A second high affinity metal-binding site, present in all of the variant prothrombin species, is defined, as an upper limit, by Gla 6, Gla 14, Gla 19, and Gla 20. This region is likely responsible for the interaction of certain of the conformation-specific antibodies to the metal-stabilized conformer of prothrombin.
Temperature recording in infants and children (1992)

Recording children’s temperatures rectally is dangerous and no more accurate than using the axillary site, according to the available research. Children’s nurses should use the literature to argue against this practice, says Margaret Rogers
Studies on the Clostridial Collagenases. (1999)

二種のガス壊疸起因菌Clostridium perfringens, C. histolyticumから計三種類のコラゲナーゼを精製した。それらの構造遺伝子を解析したところ,予想一次配列にセグメント構造(S1, S2, S3)が認められた。N末端側のS1には金属プロテアーゼに共通なモチーフ(HEXXH)が存在していた。C末端側のS2, S3には重複が認められ,酵素により重複パターンが異なっていた。C. histolyticumの酵素の一つColHを用いて構造活性相関の解析を試みた。N末端側のS1のみからなる組換え酵素が水解活性を示したので,S1は触媒ドメインを形成すると考えられた。単離C末端領域が不溶性コラーゲンに結合することから,この領域はコラーゲン結合ドメイン(CBD)を形成すると考えられた。CBDを用いて細胞成長因子をコラーゲンにアンカーリングし,局所で長時間作用させることができた。CBDの構造が新しい薬物送達システム(drug delivery system, DDS)の開発に応用できる可能性が示された。
Flame Structure and Diamond Growth Mechanism of Acetylene Torch (1989)

To understand the diamond growth mechanism in C 2 H 2 /O 2 flame, we carried out gas analyses for various mixture ratios ( R =C 2 H 2 /O 2 ) with laser-induced fluorescence and mass spectrometric techniques. These measurements show that CO and H 2 are the dominant gases in the feather, and that C 2 H 2 and C -containing radicals ( e.g. , C 2 H, CR, Cn, n =1-3) are minor species. Their concentrations are found to be consistent with the equilibrium values estimated by the adiabatic calculation. The feather is formed by the inter-diffusion and reactions between these C -radicals and O -radicals ( e.g. , O and OH), which are produced in the intermediate zone by the oxidation with O 2 supplied through the secondary flame. It is also found that R -dependences of the diamond growth rate is in good agreement with those of CH and C 2 concentrations in the feather.
Stress Liner Effects for 32-nm SOI MOSFETs With HKMG (2010)

Strain effects from stress liners on silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs with high-k dielectric and metal gate (HKMG) are reported. By thoroughly evaluating their impact on drive current, mobility, and threshold voltage, the intrinsic performance gain of stress liners is quantified at the 32-nm node with mobility enhancement identified as the major source. It is also experimentally demonstrated that advantageous stress liners can reduce gate leakage currents for MOSFETs with HKMG.
DC Characteristics in High-Quality AlGaN/AlN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Grown on AlN/Sapphire Templates (2005)

High-crystal-quality Al 0.26 Ga 0.74 N/AlN/GaN structures with a very high mobility, such as over 2100 cm 2 /(V s) with a two-dimensional-electron gas (2DEG) density of approximately 1×10 13 /cm 2 , were grown on epitaxial AlN/sapphire templates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and adopted for the fabrication of high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The fabricated devices showed good DC characteristics compared with those in conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMTs and in devices grown on sapphire substrates. Also, it was confirmed that further improvements in DC characteristics are achieved by applying recessed ohmic contacts to AlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs. A high extrinsic transconductance of approximately 220 mS/mm and a high drain current density of over 1 A/mm with a threshold voltage of -4.08 V were obtained for 1.5-µm-gate-length recessed ohmic AlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs on AlN/sapphire templates. In addition, it was found that the gate leakage current of HEMTs can be suppressed by using epitaxial AlN/sapphire templates as substrates.