gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Membranverfahren in der Umwelttechnik (1987)

Abstract Membrane processes in environmental protection . Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration are well established processes in areas like the production of fresh water from sea‐ or brackish water and the treatment of spent cutting emulsions from the metal working industry. New and interesting applications of these processes can be expected in environmental protection and in the treatment of process effluents. For reverse osmosis, the capacities of presently available membranes will be discussed with respect to chemical resistance and to the rejection of organic components in aqueous solutions. Results of experiments with various real‐life systems will be reported: landfill drainage water; protein‐rich process water of the fish industry; recovery of ε‐caprolactam; solvent‐contaminated waste water. These examples demonstrate the economical and engineering potential of membrane processes in treating process effluents. These examples also demonstrate that, in most cases only a combination of membrane processes and a conventional process, like evaporation, will give optimal results.
Energy Efficient Trajectory Recording of Mobile Devices Using WiFi Scanning (2016)

Efficient user location tracking is a key prerequisite of many mobile applications that aim at A/B, usability or Quality of Experience tests. The purpose of these tests may require that location tracking is energy efficient, transparent to the user. Even though most mobile devices are equipped with a GPS receiver, its frequent use can cause a high battery drain. Our design of continuous location tracking aims at providing a reasonable trade-off between energy consumption, location acquisition accuracy. We use WiFi scanning for decisions about when to start using GPS receiver, as the user moves we adjust sensing approach for best fit to current situation scenario. Our experiments were performed with Android powered smart phones. The experiments show that our design provides significant energy savings when compared to other continuous location tracking alternatives. We also provide a detailed discussion of challenges, existing techniques for user location tracking.
BACTIBASE: a new web-accessible database for bacteriocin characterization (2007)

The BACTIBASE database is freely available at http://bactibase.pfba-lab.org, web-based platform enabling easy retrieval, via various filters, of sets of bacteriocins that will enable detailed analysis of a number of microbiological and physicochemical data.
Photoinduced redox reactions of hydrophobic ruthenium(II) complexes (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoinduced redox reactions of hydrophobic ruthenium(II) complexesPatricia J. DeLaive, J. T. Lee, Hertha W. Sprintschnik, H. Abruna, T. J. Meyer, and David G. WhittenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 21, 7094–7097Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00463a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00463a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views868Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[N2C6H14](2)[(UO2)(6)(H2O)(2)F-2(PO4)(2)(HPO4)(4)]center dot 4H2O: A new microporous uranium phosphate fluoride (2004)

A new three-dimensional uranium compound is reported, [N2C 6H14]2[(UO2)6(H 2O)2F2(PO4)2-(HPO 4)4]·4H2O. This is the first in a new family of microporous materials, organically templated uranium phosphate fluorides, and contains multiple channels that are connected in three dimensions.
Nanobiotechnology-Based Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System (2007)

<i>Background: </i>Drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major limitation in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Several approaches are being investigated to improve drug delivery across the BBB. <i>Objective/Methods: </i>This review deals with the role of nanobiotechnology in CNS drug delivery. The small size of the nanoparticles enables them to penetrate the BBB and facilitate the delivery of drugs across the barrier. Several mechanisms are involved in this process and various strategies are used based on different types of nanomaterial and combinations with therapeutic agents. Examples are given of the use of liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles. <i>Results: </i>Nanoparticles can be used as nonviral vectors for CNS gene therapy. Although the use of nanotechnology is expected to reduce the need for invasive procedures for delivery of therapeutics to the CNS, some devices such as implanted catheters and reservoirs will still be needed. Nanomaterials can improve the safety and efficacy of such devices. Nano-engineered probes can deliver drugs at the cellular level using nanofluidic channels. There is some concern about the safety of nanoparticle entry in the brain and this needs to be resolved before human use. <i>Conclusion: </i>Although there is no approved nanotechnology-based CNS drug as yet that incorporates nanobiotechnology, the future for such developments is promising.
Impact of the gate-drain overlapped device (GOLD) for deep submicrometer VLSI (1988)

The gate-drain overlapped device (GOLD) structure is proposed to achieve high reliability and high performance in deep submicrometer MOSFETs. The GOLD device concept is different from that of drain-engineering methods such as the double-diffused drain (DDD) and lightly doped drain (LDD). GOLD eliminates the tradeoff between transconductance and breakdown voltage (hot-carrier, drain sustaining). The overlap effect of the GOLD devices is discussed using simulation and experiment. GOLD has a gate structure using a native oxide film (5-10 A) to obtain an overlapped fine structure. The process is also compatible with conventional LDD processes and is suitable for 0.3-0.5- mu m-design-rule devices at 5-V operation, and 3-V operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ADVERTISEMENT TO THE SECOND EDITION (2009)

It was my intention to have prefixed to this edition of the Essay on the Theory of the Earth, a general discourse on Geognosy, with the view of explaining its various relations to the other branches of Natural History, and of examining some of the criticisms that have appeared on the work itself, and the notes and preface accompanying it, but want of leisure has prevented me at present from carrying into effect this plan. I have however enlarged the Notes, and added a series of observations on a very interesting topic; the distribution of fossil organic remains throughout the crust of the Earth, and also as intimately connected with the discussions contained in the Essay of Cuvier; an account of the Mineralogy of the country round Paris; and of some remarkable mineral formations that occur in the South of England.
Characterization of Intestinal Microbiota and Response to Dietary Virginiamycin Supplementation in the Broiler Chicken (2006)

The inclusion of antibiotic growth promoters, such as virginiamycin, at subtherapeutic levels in poultry feeds has a positive effect on health and growth characteristics, possibly due to beneficial effects on the host gastrointestinal microbiota. To improve our understanding of the chicken gastrointestinal microbiota and the effect of virginiamycin on its composition, we characterized the bacteria found in five different gastrointestinal tract locations (duodenal loop, mid-jejunum, proximal ileum, ileocecal junction, and cecum) in 47-day-old chickens that were fed diets excluding or including virginiamycin throughout the production cycle. Ten libraries (five gastrointestinal tract locations from two groups of birds) of approximately 555-bp chaperonin 60 PCR products were prepared, and 10,932 cloned sequences were analyzed. A total of 370 distinct cpn60 sequences were identified, which ranged in frequency of recovery from 1 to 2,872. The small intestinal libraries were dominated by sequences from the Lactobacillales (90% of sequences), while the cecum libraries were more diverse and included members of the Clostridiales (68%), Lactobacillales (25%), and Bacteroidetes (6%). To assess the effects of virginiamycin on the gastrointestinal microbiota, 15 bacterial targets were enumerated using quantitative, real-time PCR. Virginiamycin was associated with increased abundance of many of the targets in the proximal gastrointestinal tract (duodenal loop to proximal ileum), with fewer targets affected in the distal regions (ileocecal junction and cecum). These findings provide improved profiling of the composition of the chicken intestinal microbiota and indicate that microbial responses to virginiamycin are most significant in the proximal small intestine.
Arbeitsumgebung — Beleuchtung (1994)

80 – 90% aller menschlichen Wahrnehmungen erfolgen über den visuellen Sinneskanal. Voraussetzung für die Informationsaufnahme durch die Augen ist eine entsprechende Beleuchtung. Je nach Arbeitsaufgabe sind unterschiedliche Randbedingungen zu beachten. So muß z. B. die Beleuchtung an industriellen Prüfarbeitsplätzen anders ausgelegt sein als an Bildschirmarbeitsplätzen. Durch richtige Beleuchtung kann die Arbeitsleistung und die Arbeitssicherheit erhöht und die Beanspruchung der Augen reduziert werden.
Sensitivity and transient response of microwave reflection measurements (1995)

Microwave reflection measurements are widely used for the characterization of minority-carrier lifetimes in semiconductors. A theoretical description of the technique is presented. The approach is based on a dielectric multilayer model that accounts for experimental parameters such as microwave frequency, sample thickness and doping, and the distance to an optional reflector behind the sample. With a new definition of the sensitivity in transient microwave reflection measurements, the most sensitive configuration is investigated for a given semiconductor thickness and conductivity. Good agreement between the theoretical simulation and measurements is demonstrated. The model is also used for calculating microwave reflection transients from the excess carrier decay after pulsed laser excitation. It is found that the reflected microwave power mirrors the carrier decay if three criteria are fulfilled: The carrier generation must be homogeneous; low-injection conditions are required; and the reflector must be positioned appropriately for linear dependence of the microwave reflection on the carrier density.
Perceptual Signal Coding for More Efficient Usage of Bit Codes (2013)

As the performance of electronic display systems continues to increase, the limitations of current signal coding methods become increasingly apparent. With bit-depth limitations set by industry standard interfaces, a more efficient coding system is desired to allow image quality to increase without requiring expansion of legacy infrastructure bandwidth. A good approach to this problem is to let the human visual system determine the quantization curve used to encode video signals. In this way, optimal efficiency is maintained across the luminance range of interest, and the visibility of quantization artifacts is kept to a uniformly small level.
A Model for Estimating CO<sub>2</sub> Solubility in Aqueous Alkanolamines (2005)

Partial pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) over aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) have been correlated using a simple approach where only one chemical equilibrium reaction is taken into account and assuming ideal gas and ideal liquid properties. The approach combines the Henry's law constant and the chemical reaction equilibrium constant for the formation of carbamate for primary and secondary alkanolamines (MEA, DEA) or bicarbonate for tertiary alkanolamines(MDEA), resulting in an explicit expression for calculating the partial pressure of CO2 over an aqueous alkanolamine solution. Accurate values for the partial pressure of CO2 are obtained for a limited loading, temperature, and pressure range that is useful in modeling CO2 capture from coal-fired power plants. Heat of absorption values derived from the model agree with experimental data from the literature.
Effect of intravaginal implants of melatonin on the onset of ovarian activity in adult and prepubertal ewes (1985)

Summary. Melatonin was administered intravaginally in Silastic tubing to adult and prepubertal ewes. In Exp. 1, ewe lambs (born early March) were given intravaginal melatonin implants at a mean age (±s.e.m.) of 7·5 ± 0·1 weeks (Group E, N = 10) or 19·4 ± 0·2 weeks (Group L, N = 10). The third group (Group C, N = 10) received empty implants. In Exp. 2 mature ewes were given implants on 13 May (Group E, N = 10)or 18 July (Group L, N = 10)or received empty implants (Group C, N = 10) on one of these two dates. Blood samples were taken twice weekly for progesterone assay. In Exp. 1 the mean age ( ± s.e.m.) at puberty (progesterone &gt; 2 nmol/l for two consecutive samples) was 35·4 ± 0·8 weeks. Puberty was advanced by 5·2 weeks in Group L lambs, occurring at a mean age of 30·2 ± 0·7 weeks (P &lt; 0·001). In Group E lambs the timing of puberty was unaltered, occurring at a mean age of 34·8 ± 0·6 weeks. Mature ewes in Group L (Exp. 2) showed increased incidence of ovarian activity (9/10 ewes cycling by 26 September) compared with the control ewes (1/10) (P &lt; 0·001), but there was no effect in Group E ewes (3/10). The results demonstrate that continuous melatonin administration to adult and prepubertal ewes can mimic the effect of short days in terms of the reproductive response, and that the present and previous exposure to melatonin is critical in determining the response.
Research on Multi-variables Dynamic Equilibrium Design and Measurement Method Based on Effective Working-age (2012)

To improve the life of mechanical product,a mathematical model of multi-variables dynamic equilibrium design is constructed based on effective working-age estimation,which uses to solve the problems of the different components life estimation leading to products failure.A multi-variables dynamic equilibrium design optimization method is put forward based on the analysis and measurement of effective working-age of component.Based on the mathematical model the Pareto set for the multi-objective optimization problem is obtained using multi-objective algorithm.The optimal preventive maintenance schedules optimize the failure rate of components to be the same as the design required by replacing or maintaining the components before it fails.It minimizes the total cost of preventive maintenance schedule and the system failure rate of the mechanical product.The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method are illustrated by multi-variables dynamic equilibrium design of turbine inflation host machine of large air separation plants.
Successive objective long-case assessment as a driver of clerkship learning – Evaluation through perception questionnaire (2011)

Background: Clinical clerkship in a busy hospital environment forms an important part of undergraduate medical training. Regular objective assessment of this activity with feedback would be expected to improve outcome.
Integration of visual and depth information for vehicle detection (2011)

In this work an object class recognition method is presented. The method uses local image features and follows the part based detection approach. It fuses intensity and depth information in a probabilistic framework. The depth of each local feature is used to weigh the probability of finding the object at a given scale. To train the system for an object class only a database of annotated with bounding boxes images is required, thus automatizing the extension of the system to different object classes. We apply our method to the problem of detecting vehicles from a moving platform. The experiments with a dataset of stereo images in an urban environment show a significant improvement in performance when using both information modalities.
A 2.2-mW CMOS bandpass continuous-time multibit Δ-Σ with 68 dB of dynamic range and 1-MHz bandwidth for wireless applications (2003)

A delta-sigma (ΔΣ) analog-to-digital converter featuring 68-dB dynamic range and 64-dB signal-to-noise ratio in a 1-MHz bandwidth centered at an intermediate frequency of 2 MHz with a 48-MHz sample rate is reported. A second-order continuous-time modulator employing 4-bit quantization is used to achieve this performance with 2.2 mW of power consumption from a 1.8-V supply. The modulator including references occupies 0.36 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of die area and is implemented in a 0.18-μm five-metal single-poly digital CMOS process.
Security issues in mobile ecommerce (2002)

Mobile e-commerce enables the mobile user to buy and pay for things, to pay his bill or to make a bet via his mobile phone when on the move, anywhere and at any time. It will bring conveniency and contribute to improve life quality of the users. However, in order to be successful, security measures must be strong enough to protect the user from illegal abuses and to get confidence from him. Unfortunately, current security measures for mobile phones are not yet sufficient. This paper describes the R&D activities in mobile e-commerce at Ericsson, which aim at making mobile e-commerce applications secure and enabling a full scale development and deployment of them. The paper starts with a definition of mobile e-commerce. Next is a summary of the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and its achievements. The Web e-commerce is briefly explained. The problems related to security in mobile e-commerce are then described. Thereafter, the solution to the problems is presented. The paper concludes with a look at the future and discussions on what can be done.
Culture of isolated bovine megakaryocytes on reconstituted basement membrane matrix leads to proplatelet process formation (1990)

We have enriched for bovine megakaryocytes and identified a culture system that may provide an in vitro model for platelet formation. Mature megakaryocytes with an unusually high ploidy distribution were obtained after differential centrifugation and velocity sedimentation of bone marrow cells through gradients of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The cell membranes of isolated megakaryocytes and megakaryocytes in vivo stained with antisera to human platelets and human platelet membrane GPIIIa. The microenvironment of bovine megakaryocytes in vivo was investigated using antibodies to types I and IV collagen and laminin. In an attempt to duplicate the microenvironment in vitro, bovine megakaryocytes were cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane matrix (Matrigel). The cells adhered to the gel, extended radial lamellipodia, and occasionally formed lengthy pseudopodia. Ultrastructural examination of these cells showed widening and coalescence of the megakaryocyte demarcation membranes (DMS), and inclusion of platelet granules, thin filaments, and microtubules in the processes. Very few DMS vesicles were present distally in the processes. The culture of megakaryocytes on a reconstituted basement membrane may closely model the in vivo megakaryocyte microenvironment and allow the study of thrombocytopoiesis in vitro.
Modelling of Theophylline Compound Release from Hard Gelatin Capsules Containing Gelucire Matrix Granules (1991)

AbstractHard shell capsules containing four theophylline compounds of different solubilities (theophylline, etofylline, diprophylline and proxyphylline) were prepared with saturated polyglycolysed glycerides (Gelucires) of melting point above 45°C and HLB value below 10. A polyvalent formulation was obtained after granulation by melting and congealing and use of glyceryl behenate (Compritol) as a lubricant of the solidified suspensions. The best yields of granulation were obtained with Gelucires 64/02, 54/02 and 50/02. The influence of three parameters was studied: melting point and HLB of the Gelucires, as well as drug solubility. Drug release was found to increase as the melting point decreased and as HLB dnd drug solubility rose. Theophylline showed abnormal behaviour because
A System for Simple Real-Time Anastomotic Failure Detection and Wireless Blood Flow Monitoring in the Lower Limbs (2016)

Current totally implantable wireless blood flow monitors are large and cannot operate alongside nearby monitors. To alleviate the problems with the current monitors, we developed a system to monitor blood flow wirelessly, with a simple and easily interpretable real-time output. To the best of our knowledge, the implanted electronics are the smallest in reported literature, which reduces bio-burden. Calibration was performed across realistic physiological flow ranges using a syringe pump. The device's sensors connected directly to the bilateral femoral veins of swine. For each 1 min, blood flow was monitored, then, an occlusion was introduced, and then, the occlusion was removed to resume flow. Each vein of four pigs was monitored four times, totaling 32 data collections. The implant measured 1.70 cm<sup>3</sup> without battery/encapsulation. Across its calibrated range, including equipment tolerances, the relative error is less than ±5% above 8 mL/min and between -0.8% and +1.2% at its largest calibrated flow rate, which to the best of our knowledge is the lowest reported in the literature across the measured calibration range. The average standard deviation of the flow waveform amplitude was three times greater than that of no-flow. Establishing the relative amplitude for the flow and no-flow waveforms was found necessary, particularly for noise modulated Doppler signals. Its size and accuracy, compared with other microcontroller-equipped totally implantable monitors, make it a good candidate for future tether-free free flap monitoring studies.