gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SAR Image Representation Learning With Adversarial Autoencoder Networks (2019)

This paper focuses on the generalization ability of model for SAR automatic target recognition (ATR). An object-based similarity evaluation method for MSTAR datasets is proposed at first to show the relationship between classification accuracy and orientation difference between training and test images. It reveals poor orientation generalization ability of traditional methods for orientation interval larger than 10deg. In order to improve the orientation generalization ability, a novel adversarial autoencoder neural networks (AAN) is proposed in this paper. It learns a code-image-code cyclic network by adversarial training for the purpose of generating new samples at different azimuth angles. The learned orientation predictor and classifier is applied to test samples. Proposed network achieved over 86% classification accuracy on 7-type MSTAR datasets when minimum orientation interval is limited to 25deg, and is about 4% higher than baseline model A-ConvNets under the same condition.
Comparison of bulk- and surface-micromachined pressure sensors (1998)

Two piezoresistive micromachined pressure sensors were compared: a commercially available bulk-micromachined (BM) pressure sensor and an experimental surface-micromachined (SM) pressure sensor. While the SM parts had significantly smaller die sizes, they were outperformed in most areas by the BM parts. This was due primarily to the smaller piezoresistive gauge factor in the polysilicon piezoresistors in the SM parts compared to the single crystal strain gauge used in the BM parts.
Effect of an Antibacterial Factor Derived from Bacillus subtilis FHC 402 on the Growth of Bacteria and Mouse Myeloma MPC-11 Cells (1987)

The antibacterial activities of Bacillus subtilis FHC 402-derived antibacterial factor (BAF) and hexametaphosphate (HP) and the combined effects of BAF and HP were examined on the growth of 15 strains of bacteria causing food poisoning and spoilage. BAF was more effective on gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive ones. BAF inhibited the cell growth of L. heterohiochii, C. jejuni, V. parahaemolyticus, V. anguillarum and S. typhimurium in the concentration range from 100 to 800unit/ml. The cell growth of bacteria resistant to BAF such as B. subtilis, B. cereus, L. lactis, E. coli and P. fragi was completely inhibited by the combined use of BAF and 0.1% HP. BAF prolonged the lag phase of the growth of E. coli treated with HP, though HP did not affect the growth of cells treated with BAF. These results suggest that the damage induced by HP facilitates the antibacterial action of BAF on E. coli. We also investigated the effects of BAF and/or HP on the growth and viability of mouse myeloma MPC-11 cells as preliminary tests on the toxicity of these substances. BAF inhibited the growth of MPC-11 cells and decreased the cell viability, but these effects were weaker than those of HP, which has relatively low toxicity in mammalia.
FT-IR Microscopic Analysis of Changing Cellulose Crystalline Structure during Wood Cell Wall Formation (1998)

A Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer equipped with a microscopic accessory was used to monitor the cellulose crystalline structure at each developmental stage of coniferous tracheid cell wall formation. The spectra showed that the cellulose in the primary cell wall was rich in the metastable Iα crystalline form and interestingly had a higher crystallinity than the secondary wall cellulose composed mainly of the stable Iβ crystalline phase. These results indicate the presence of an in vivo physical force at the cell surface which may stress the primary wall cellulose during the crystallization. Moreover, the primary wall cellulose was oriented parallel to the enlarging direction of growing cells. Thus, we consider that the cellular growing stress generated between the plasma membrane and the primary wall may elongate just-biosynthesized β-glucan chains and cause them to crystallize with a higher crystallinity of the metastable Iα phase, as is the case for crystallization occurring during the drawing of polymer gels.
Health of finishing steers: effects on performance, carcass traits, and meat tenderness. (1999)

The impact of respiratory disease during a 150-d feedlot finishing period on daily gain, carcass traits, and longissimus tenderness was measured using 204 steer calves. Feedlot health status was monitored in two ways. First, clinical signs of respiratory infection were evaluated each day; treatment with antibiotic was based on degree of fever (if rectal temperature exceeded 40 degrees C then calves were treated). Steers that were treated (n = 102) had lower (P<.05) final live weights, ADG, hot carcass weights (HCW), less external and internal fat, and more desirable yield grades. Steers that were treated had a higher prevalence of carcasses that graded U.S. Standard than steers that were never treated. Second, as an alternative index of health status, lungs of all steers were evaluated at the processing plant using a respiratory tract lesion classification system; this health index included presence or absence of preexisting pneumonic lesions in the anterioventral lobes plus activity of the bronchial lymph nodes (inactive vs active). Lung lesions were present in 33% of all lungs and were distributed almost equally between treated (37%) and untreated cattle (29%). Steers with lesions (n = 87) had lower (P<.05) daily gains, lighter HCW, less internal fat, and lower marbling scores than steers without lesions. Compared to steers with lesions but inactive bronchial lymph nodes (n = 78), steers with lung lesions plus active lymph nodes had lower (P<.01) ADG and dressing percentage. Longissimus shear force values for steaks aged 7 d were lower (P = .05) from steers without lung lesions than those for steaks from steers with lung lesions. Overall, morbidity suppressed daily gains and increased the percentage of U.S. Standard carcasses. Compared to health assessment by clinical appraisal (based on elevated body temperature), classification based on respiratory tract lesions at slaughter proved more reliable statistically and, thereby, more predictive of adverse effects of morbidity on production and meat tenderness.
Hyperbranched Polyethylenes Encapsulating Self-Supported Palladium(II) Species as Efficient and Recyclable Catalysts for Heck Reaction (2012)

We demonstrate in this paper a unique self-supporting strategy for the synthesis of hyperbranched polyethylenes (HBPEs) encapsulating Pd(II) species as efficient and recyclable catalysts for Heck reaction. This strategy combines remarkably the synthesis of HBPE polymer support and the immobilization of Pd(II) species in situ in one pot. It is achieved by chain walking copolymerization of ethylene with an acrylate comonomer (2) containing a disulfide functionality with a cationic Pd(II)–diimine catalyst (1). The copolymerization renders successfully HBPEs containing pendant disulfide groups at a controllable content, while with no poisoning effect from the disulfide functionality. Meanwhile, the Pd(II) catalyst in situ immobilizes itself onto the polymers by coordinative binding with the pendant disulfide groups, giving rise to the homogeneous self-supported Pd(II) catalysts. The resulting Pd-containing HBPEs having a low content of 2 (ca. < 1 mol %) have been found to be efficient and recyclable catalysts for the Heck reaction of iodobenzene and n-butyl acrylate while with a low/minimum Pd leaching (to form catalytically active species) during the reaction/recycling. In particular, the convenient recovery and reuse of the catalysts while at maintained high catalytic performance has been demonstrated with the use of a biphasic solvent system comprised of N,N-dimethylformamide and n-heptane in the Heck reaction.
Bifocal contact lenses: History, types, characteristics, and actual state and problems (2008)

Since people who wear contact lenses (CL) often continue using CL even when they develop presbyopia, there are growing expectations for bifocal CL. To understand actual state and problems, history, types, and their characteristics are summarized in this review. Bifocal CL have a long history over 70 years. Recently, bifocal CL have achieved remarkable progress. However, there still is an impression that prescription of bifocal CL is not easy. It should also be remembered that bifocal CL have limits, including limited addition for near vision, as well as the effects of aging and eye diseases in the aged, such as dry eye, astigmatism, cataract, etc. Analysis of the long-term users of bifocal CL among our patients has revealed the disappearance of bifocal CL that achieved unsatisfactory vision and poor contrast compared with those provided by other types of CL. Changing the prescription up to 3 times for lenses of the same brand may be appropriate. Lenses that provide poor contrast sensitivity, suffer from glare, or give unsatisfactory vision have been weeded out. The repeated replacement of products due to the emergence of improved or new products will be guessed.
Ephrin-B3 Ligand Promotes Glioma Invasion through Activation of Rac1 (2006)

Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in nervous system development. Eph ligands, termed ephrins, are transmembrane proteins that bind to Eph receptors, the mutual activation of which causes repulsive effects in reciprocally contacting cells. Previously, we showed that overexpression of EphB2 in glioma cells increases cell invasion. Here, expression profiles of ephrin-B family members were determined in four glioma cell lines and in invading glioblastoma cells collected by laser capture microdissection. Ephrin-B3 mRNA was up-regulated in migrating cells of four of four glioma cell lines (1.3- to 1.7-fold) and in invading tumor cells of eight of eight biopsy specimens (1.2- to 10.0-fold). Forced expression of ephrin-B3 in low expressor cell lines (U87, T98G) stimulated cell migration and invasion in vitro and ex vivo, concomitant with tyrosine phosphorylation of ephrin-B3. In high expressor cell lines (U251, SNB19), ephrin-B3 colocalized with Rac1 to lamellipodia of motile wild-type cells. Cells transfected with ephrin-B3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) showed significant morphologic change and decreased invasion in vitro and ex vivo. Depletion of endogenous ephrin-B3 expression abrogated the increase of migration and invasion induced by EphB2/Fc, indicating increased invasion is dependent on ephrin-B3 activation. Furthermore, using a Rac1-GTP pull-down assay, we showed that ephrin-B3 is associated with Rac1 activation. Reduction of Rac1 by siRNA negated the increased invasion by addition of EphB2/Fc. In human glioma specimens, ephrin-B3 expression and phosphorylation correlated with increasing tumor grade. Immunohistochemistry revealed robust staining for phosphorylated ephrin-B and ephrin-B3 in invading glioblastoma cells. These data show that ephrin-B3 expression and signaling through Rac1 are critically important to glioma invasion.
A Multilayer LTCC Solution for Integrating 5G Access Point Antenna Modules (2016)

An integrated solution for the development of multilayer antenna modules for fifth-generation (5G) communications, based on low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC), is presented. The design exploits the 3-D integration capabilities of the LTCC process, enabling the realization of a full-corporate feed network (CFN) in vertical configuration. A novel implementation of the CFN employing dielectric-embedded parallel plate waveguides (PPWs) is proposed. The PPW lines are delimited by via-rows. As opposed to standard substrate-integrated waveguide feed networks, guided fields are orthogonal to the via-rows and propagate along the vertical axis of the structure. The CFN feeds four long slots, without any coupling structure, and provides broadband operation. The final prototype comprises 18 LTCC tapes, with a total thickness of 3.4 mm. The measured -10-dB impedance bandwidth spans from 51.2 to 66 GHz (>25.2%). The module generates a fixed broadside beam, but multibeam operation in H-plane can be easily achieved. In the 50-66-GHz band, the peak gain is 14.25 dBi and the average first side-lobe level in H-plane is -20.6 dB. The proposed technology and the design concept are suited for highly integrated millimeterwave systems, such as access points in the future V-band high data-rate wireless networks.
CIGS-based solar cells for the next millennium (2000)

Thin-film photovoltaic (PV) solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) have two key distinctive features: highest performance of any true thin-film solar cell (18·8% efficient) and leading performance on the module level. There is no evidence of limits to further improvement of the efficiency. Device stability is not curtailed by intrinsic material properties. The obstacles to large-scale production and commercialization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based modules are the complexity of the material and the manufacturing processes. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New Lanthanide Activator for Iodide Based Scintillators: <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\hbox {Yb}}^{2+}$</tex></formula> (2013)

In this study we report for the first time that Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> is an efficient and fast activator in iodide scintillator crystals. In both SrI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and CsBa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> , Yb <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2+</sup> offers blue luminescence (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> = 414 nm), light yield greater than 50,000 Photons/MeV and sub-microsecond decay time. Results on crystal growth and characterization will be presented.
The Laser-Assisted Neck Lift (2002)

BACKGROUND Conventional submental tumescent liposuction has proved disappointing for some patients with anterior neck laxity, ptotic platysma muscles, and increased subplatysmal fat. Many of these patients are facelift candidates but are unwilling to undergo this extensive procedure. We describe our hybrid approach, which offers consistently improved results and enhanced patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE To establish a sharper cervicomental angle by more completely removing subplatysmal fat. We also wished to achieve more consistent, smoother results, minimizing ripples, folds, and hematomas with a novel postoperative dressing system. METHODS Extensive tumescent liposuction of the lower face, jowls, and anterior neck was performed. Following this, subplatysmal fat was removed by dissection, the platysma muscle was imbricated, and the CO2 laser utilized in a defocused, low-power mode to partially treat the dermal undersurface and underlying muscle. Our postoperative dressing included a 10 cm mineral oil polymer gel disc in the submental location, covered by tape, silicone foam, and a lower face and neck garment to provide both support and even compression over the entire neck for at least the first 24 hours. RESULTS Results proved uniformly satisfying for most patients, even those in their senior years. Benefits included an improved cervicomental angle, a decrease in jowling, and a marked reduction in the laxity and wrinkling of the neck skin and horizontal neck creases. Problems related to postoperative rippling or folding of the redraped skin and hematoma formation were minimized. CONCLUSION Laser neck tightening combined with tumescent liposuction and an advanced postoperative dressing for superior support and uniform compression has resulted in consistently excellent outcomes with improved patient satisfaction.
Holographic laser scanners for multidirectional scanning (1983)

Phase distributions to generate holograms for use in laser scanning are investigated to create a multidirectional scanning pattern such as an X, asterisk, and lattice. The scanning direction for elliptic and hyperbolic phase distribution holograms is oblique to the hologram moving direction. A hyperbolic phase-distribution hologram can be used to scan a laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the hologram moving direction. Experimentally, elliptic, and hyperbolic phase distributions were generated using a spherical and a cylindrical lens pair. To converge the scanning beam, a stacked drum configuration holographic scanner has been proposed. Multidirectional scanning is demonstrated using the drum scanner.
Electrical contact materials based on silver (2011)

Composite electrical contact materials based on silver and oxides of different metals have been used for many years in different types of electrical devices for making and breaking of electrical circuit. Ag-CdO materials have been most commonly used over the years as the materials for electrical contacts and other electrical components due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties, mainly for small and medium-current loads. Recent investigations have led to the development and implementation of new environmentally friendly electrical contact materials in which the toxic CdO is replaced by less harmful metal oxides, while maintaining the good final properties. It was found that the Ag-SnO2 composite material meets most of the required properties. Results of experimental investigations of different technological procedures for obtaining various types of silver based electrical contact materials are presented in this paper through defined technological phases with optimized process parameters. The structural, mechanical and electrical characteristics of the investigated and realized contact materials are presented as well. The examples of materials applications are given and illustrated.
Exposure of Adolescent Rats to Oral Methylphenidate: Preferential Effects on Extracellular Norepinephrine and Absence of Sensitization and Cross-Sensitization to Methamphetamine (2002)

Methylphenidate (MP) (ritalin) is widely used in the treatment of children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but little is known about therapeutic mechanisms or about possible consequences of long-term exposure. To more closely simulate the clinical use of the drug, we orally administered MP to adolescent rats during the dark-active phase of the circadian cycle at doses (0.75-3.0 mg/kg) below threshold for locomotor activation. We found that doses in this range increased extracellular norepinephrine in hippocampus without affecting dopamine in nucleus accumbens. These results suggest that norepinephrine systems may play an important role in the therapeutic action of this drug. To examine one potential consequence of long-term exposure to MP, i.e., the development of locomotor sensitization, an adaptational change that has been implicated in drug abuse liability, animals received three daily oral administrations of these doses of MP for up to 4 weeks through adolescence. The animals were then challenged with methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg). We found that the behavioral response to MP did not change during the course of chronic treatment and that MP-pretreated animals did not exhibit a sensitized locomotor response to the methamphetamine challenge. We propose that, to the extent that this treatment protocol more closely reflects clinical exposure patterns, the relative insensitivity of accumbens dopamine to the acute administration of these MP doses, and the corresponding absence of evidence for the development of locomotor sensitization, supports one clinical view that there is little abuse liability associated with low dose, long-term MP treatment.
High Rate Data Synchronization in GALS SoCs (2006)

Globally asynchronous, locally synchronous (GALS) systems-on-chip (SoCs) may be prone to synchronization failures if the delay of their locally-generated clock tree is not considered. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the problem and proposes a novel solution. The problem is analyzed considering the magnitude of clock tree delays, the cycle times of the GALS module, and the complexity of the asynchronous interface controllers using a timed signal transition graph (STG) approach. In some cases, the problem can be solved by extracting all the delays and verifying whether the system is susceptible to metastability. In other cases, when high data bandwidth is not required, matched-delay asynchronous ports may be employed. A novel architecture for synchronizing inter-modular communications in GALS, based on locally delayed latching (LDL), is described. LDL synchronization does not require pausable clocking, is insensitive to clock tree delays, and supports high data rates. It replaces complex global timing constraints with simpler localized ones. Three different LDL ports are presented. The risk of metastability in the synchronizer is analyzed in a technology-independent manner
Flexible photovoltaic cells based on a graphene–CdSe quantum dot nanocomposite (2011)

We have fabricated the flexible photoelectrode by loading graphene sheets modified with CdSe QDs. A power conversion efficiency of ∼0.6% and an incident photon to current conversion efficiency of 17% have been achieved for this flexible photovoltaic cell based on a graphene-CdSe nanocomposite.
Carbonyl displacement reactions of (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)2(THF). Structures of (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)2(THF), (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)(dmpe), and (C5Me5)TaCl2(methyl acrylate) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbonyl displacement reactions of (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)2(THF). Structures of (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)2(THF), (C5Me5)TaCl2(CO)(dmpe), and (C5Me5)TaCl2(methyl acrylate)Daekeun Kwon and M. David CurtisCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 1, 1–5Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00115a001https://doi.org/10.1021/om00115a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts