gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Object-oriented coding using successive motion field segmentation and estimation (2002)

Block-based motion compensation assumes that all pixels within a block have the same translational motion. That hypothesis, however, results in inaccurate compensation of moving objects' boundaries. Object-oriented video compression algorithms typically segment each image in regions of uniform motion and estimates the motion of these regions to generate more accurate motion compensated images. We present a two-stage algorithm for motion field segmentation and estimation in an object-oriented coder. In the algorithm's first stage, a standard block-matching algorithm and a maximum a posteriori probability estimate are used to compute a translational motion field and its segmentation. This segmentation is then utilized in the second stage to estimate the parameters of complex motion models. The parameters of the complex motion models are only estimated in the algorithm's second stage which reduces the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the bit rate needed to encode video sequences when compared to standard block-based algorithms.
Gene Expression Analysis of PTEN Positive Glioblastoma Stem Cells Identifies DUB3 and Wee1 Modulation in a Cell Differentiation Model (2013)

The term astrocytoma defines a quite heterogeneous group of neoplastic diseases that collectively represent the most frequent brain tumors in humans. Among them, glioblastoma multiforme represents the most malignant form and its associated prognosis is one of the poorest among tumors of the central nervous system. It has been demonstrated that a small population of tumor cells, isolated from the brain neoplastic tissue, can reproduce the parental tumor when transplanted in immunodeficient mouse. These tumor initiating cells are supposed to be involved in cancer development and progression and possess stem cell-like features; like their normal counterpart, these cells remain quiescent until they are committed to differentiation. Many studies have shown that the role of the tumor suppressor protein PTEN in cell cycle progression is fundamental for tumor dynamics: in low grade gliomas, PTEN contributes to maintain cells in G1 while the loss of its activity is frequently observed in high grade gliomas. The mechanisms underlying the above described PTEN activity have been studied in many tumors, but those involved in the maintenance of tumor initiating cells quiescence remain to be investigated in more detail. The aim of the present study is to shed light on the role of PTEN pathway on cell cycle regulation in Glioblastoma stem cells, through a cell differentiation model. Our results suggest the existence of a molecular mechanism, that involves DUB3 and WEE1 gene products in the regulation of Cdc25a, as functional effector of the PTEN/Akt pathway.
Paramagnetic Ionic Liquids for Measurements of Density Using Magnetic Levitation (2013)

Paramagnetic ionic liquids (PILs) provide new capabilities to measurements of density using magnetic levitation (MagLev). In a typical measurement, a diamagnetic object of unknown density is placed in a container containing a PIL. The container is placed between two magnets (typically NdFeB, oriented with like poles facing). The density of the diamagnetic object can be determined by measuring its position in the magnetic field along the vertical axis (levitation height, h), either as an absolute value or relative to internal standards of known density. For density measurements by MagLev, PILs have three advantages over solutions of paramagnetic salts in aqueous or organic solutions: (i) negligible vapor pressures; (ii) low melting points; (iii) high thermal stabilities. In addition, the densities, magnetic susceptibilities, glass transition temperatures, thermal decomposition temperatures, viscosities, and hydrophobicities of PILs can be tuned over broad ranges by choosing the cation-anion pair. The low melting points and high thermal stabilities of PILs provide large liquidus windows for density measurements. This paper demonstrates applications and advantages of PILs in density-based analyses using MagLev.
Bridging theory and practice in sport and exercise psychology – A dynamic reserach-practitioner perspective (2000)

Bridging theory and practice in sport and exercise psychology – A dynamic reserach-practitioner perspective
Probing complementary memristive characteristics in oxide based memory device via non-conventional chronoamperometry approach (2016)

In this letter, the resistive switching characteristics of CeO2 based memristor are investigated by utilizing an unusual, non-conventional, and a unique approach of “chronoamperometry.” This methodology provides useful insights into memristive characterization for achieving configurable device functionalities such as categorization of minimum threshold potential to prompt switching behaviour, tuneable on/off ratios with accessible multi-level data storage states, etc. Moreover, the analytical studies on carrier drift/diffusion controlled-memristor response and the estimation of time constants at various applied fixed potentials provide tangible evidence to support valence change mechanism in CeO2 based memristors.
The ratPDE3/IVd phosphodiesterase gene codes for multiple proteins differentially activated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (1994)

Several mRNAs coding for a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (ratPDE3/IVd) with divergent 5' regions have been detected in mammalian cells. To determine the physiological significance of these differences, the expression of these mRNAs and the properties of the corresponding proteins were investigated. At least three mRNA species derived from the ratPDE3/IVd gene (ratPDE3.1, ratPDE3.2, and ratPDE3.3 mRNAs) are present in Sertoli and thyroid cells and in brain. Expression of ratPDE3.1 and ratPDE3.2 but not ratPDE3.3 mRNAs was dependent on hormone stimulation. The ratPDE3.2 and ratPDE3.3 mRNA variants were translated into polypeptides with immunochemical and biochemical properties identical to the native cAMP phosphodiesterases (PDEs) found in the Sertoli cell and thyroid FRTL-5 cells. Incubation of the recombinant PDEs with the catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase in a cell-free system caused the phosphorylation and activation of the ratPDE3.3 protein variant. Under the same experimental conditions, ratPDE3.1 and ratPDE3.2 protein variants were neither phosphorylated nor activated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Similar results were obtained by stimulating cells expressing the three recombinant PDE variants with dibutyryl cAMP. These findings demonstrate that the ratPDE3/IVd gene codes for PDE forms subject to different regulations.
AnimalLectinDb: An integrated animal lectin database (2011)

The database is available for free at http://www.research-bioinformatics.in.
Toxicity of Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Alkaloids and Grass Metabolites on <i>Pratylenchus scribneri</i> (2009)

ABSTRACT Neotyphodium coenophialum, an endophytic fungus associated with tall fescue grass, enhances host fitness and imparts pest resistance. This symbiotum is implicated in the reduction of stresses, including plant-parasitic nematodes. To substantiate this implication, toxicological effects of root extracts, polyphenolic fraction, ergot, and loline alkaloids from endophyte-infected tall fescue were investigated using Pratylenchus scribneri, a nematode pest of tall fescue. In vitro bioassays and greenhouse studies were used as tests for effects of root fractions and compounds on motility and mortality of this lesion nematode. Greenhouse studies revealed that endophyte-infected tall fescue grasses are essentially nonhosts to P. scribneri, with root populations averaging 3 to 17 nematodes/pot, compared with 4,866 and 8,450 nematodes/pot for noninfected grasses. The in vitro assay indicated that root extracts from infected tall fescues were nematistatic. Polyphenols identified in extracts included chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids, caffeic acid, and two unidentified compounds, but these were not correlated with endophyte status, qualitatively or quantitatively. Tests of several ergot alkaloids revealed that ergovaline and alpha-ergocryptine were nematicidal at 5 and 50 microg/ml, respectively, while ergocornine and ergonovine were nematistatic at most concentrations. Loline (N-formylloline), the pyrrolizidine alkaloid tested, was nematicidal (50 to 200 microg/ml). The ecological benefits of the metabolites tested here should assist in defining their role in deterring this nematode species while offering some probable mechanisms of action against plant-parasitic nematodes in general.
A novel gait recognition analysis system based on body sensor networks for patients with Parkinson's disease (2011)

Gait analysis of human plays a significant role in maintaining the well-being of our mobility and healthcare, and it can be used for various e-healthcare systems for fast medical prognosis and diagnosis. In this paper, we have developed a novel body sensor network-based recognition system to identify the specific gait pattern of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Firstly, a BSN with 16-nodes is used to acquire the gait information from the PD patients. Then, an algorithm is developed based on local linear embedding (LLE) to extract and recognise the gait features. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme has a recognition rate of about 95.57% for gait patterns of PD, which is higher than the conventional PCA feature extraction method. The proposed system can identify PD patients from normal people and by their gait map with high reliability and appears a promising aid in the diagnosis of the Parkinson’s disease.
A survey of the phenomenology and pharmacotherapy of compulsive and impulsive-aggressive symptoms in Prader-Willi syndrome (1994)

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a congenital disorder characterized by hyperphagia as well as by other behavioral disturbances such as self-mutilation and temper outbursts. Some of these symptoms have been reported to respond to psychotropic medications. A systematic survey was conducted to gather information on the phenomenology and pharmacotherapy of compulsive and impulsive-aggressive symptoms in PWS. Both compulsive and impulsive-aggressive symptoms are frequent in this population. Pharmacotherapeutic intervention may have a role in the management of these symptoms. Rigorous diagnostic and treatment studies should be undertaken in this population.
Cellular V2X Communications in Unlicensed Spectrum: Harmonious Coexistence With VANET in 5G Systems (2018)

With the increasing demand for vehicular data transmission, limited dedicated cellular spectrum becomes a bottleneck to satisfying the requirements of all cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) users. To address this issue, unlicensed spectrum is considered to serve as the complement to support cellular V2X users. In this paper, we study the coexistence problem of cellular V2X users and vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) users over the unlicensed spectrum. To facilitate the coexistence, we design an energy sensing-based spectrum sharing scheme, where cellular V2X users are able to access the unlicensed channels fairly while reducing the data transmission collisions between cellular V2X and VANET users. In order to maximize the number of active cellular V2X users, we formulate the scheduling and resource allocation problem as a two-sided many-to-many matching with peer effects. We then propose a dynamic vehicle-resource matching algorithm and present the analytical results on the convergence time and computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing approaches in terms of the performance of the cellular V2X system when the unlicensed spectrum is utilized.
Switch-reference and Omotic-Cushitic Language Contact in Southwest Ethiopia (2012)

Africa has up until now been considered a continent where switch-reference systems are extremely rare. This study shows that there is a confined area in the South of Ethiopia where many Omotic languages and a few Cushitic languages have fully grammaticalised switch-reference systems on dependent (co-)subordinate non-final verbs, so-called converbs. The paper describes in detail the switch-reference system of Kambaata (Cushitic) and gives an overview of the distribution of switch-reference systems in Ethiopia in general. It is argued that switch-reference marking in Cushitic languages is the result of contact with neighbouring Omotic languages.
A MICROFLUIDIC PLATFORM FOR PERSONALIZED CANCER DIAGNOSTICS BY PADLOCK PROBES LIGATION AND CIRCLE-TO-CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION (2011)

We present a microfluidic system built from modular platform elements intended for detection of the seven most common mutations in the v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) gene by highly selective padlock probes ligation combined with circle-to-circle amplification (C2CA) and fluorescence detection. Padlock probes assays have been successfully established and the feasibility of the ligation-based procedure on a microfluidic format has been evaluated in PMMA chambers. The assays are currently being integrated in the microfluidic system described in this paper.
Regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in acute kidney injury in cell culture and rodent models (2009)

The mechanism of mitochondrial damage, a key contributor to renal tubular cell death during acute kidney injury, remains largely unknown. Here, we have demonstrated a striking morphological change of mitochondria in experimental models of renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. This change contributed to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, release of apoptogenic factors, and consequent apoptosis. Following either ATP depletion or cisplatin treatment of rat renal tubular cells, mitochondrial fragmentation was observed prior to cytochrome c release and apoptosis. This mitochondrial fragmentation was inhibited by Bcl2 but not by caspase inhibitors. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a critical mitochondrial fission protein, translocated to mitochondria early during tubular cell injury, and both siRNA knockdown of Drp1 and expression of a dominant-negative Drp1 attenuated mitochondrial fragmentation, cytochrome c release, caspase activation, and apoptosis. Further in vivo analysis revealed that mitochondrial fragmentation also occurred in proximal tubular cells in mice during renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Notably, both tubular cell apoptosis and acute kidney injury were attenuated by mdivi-1, a newly identified pharmacological inhibitor of Drp1. This study demonstrates a rapid regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during acute kidney injury and identifies mitochondrial fragmentation as what we believe to be a novel mechanism contributing to mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in vivo in mouse models of disease.
Impact of Yeast Strain on the Production of Acetic Acid, Glycerol, and the Sensory Attributes of Icewine (2004)

High concentrations of volatile acids, consisting mainly of acetic acid, are often found in icewine. Wine yeasts produce acetic acid as a by-product of the hyperosmotic stress response caused by high sugar concentrations (>35 Brix) in grape must. Volatile acid levels in icewine often exceed legal limits. We compared seven commercially available wine yeast strains (ST, N96, Vin13, Vin7, EC1118, 71B, V1116) for icewine production. Yeast strains were evaluated for acetic acid and glycerol formation, fermentation rates, and sensory characteristics. Fermentations were conducted using both synthetic grape must and Riesling icewine grape must obtained from a commercial winery. Fermentations were conducted until approximately 11% (v/v) ethanol was produced. The yeast strains fermented Riesling icewine must at different rates and fermentations were completed in 17 to 49 days. Acetic acid and glycerol formation were significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and linked to the yeast strain. Sensory analysis of the icewines produced with the different yeast strains showed significant differences for overall quality, perceived sulfur-like aroma, and color (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ST, N96, and EC1118 were identified as the most suitable yeast strains for the production of icewine.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activities of <i>N</i>-Benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide Derivatives (1996)

Studies have demonstrated that 2-substituted N-benzyl-2-acetamidoacetamides (2) are potent anticonvulsants. A recent investigation has led to the hypothesis that an important structural feature in 2 for maximal anticonvulsant activity is the placement of a small, substituted heteroatom moiety one atom from the C(2) site. This paper validates this hypothesis. Twelve derivatives of N-benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide have been prepared in which six different heteroatom substituents (chloro, bromo, iodo, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur) were incorporated at the C(3) site. Highly potent activities were observed for the two oxygen-substituted derivatives, N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide (18) and N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-ethoxypropionamide (19). The ED50 values in mice following intraperitoneal (i.p.) dosing for the maximal electroshock-induced seizure test for 18 and 19 were 8.3 and 17.3 mg/kg, respectively. These values compared favorably to the ED50 value found for phenytoin (ED50 = 6.5 mg/kg). Comparable activities were observed for 18 and 19 upon oral (p.o.) administration to rats (18, ED50 = 3.9 mg/kg; 19, ED50 = 19 mg/kg; phenytoin, ED50 = 23 mg/kg). Evaluation of the individual stereoisomers for 18 demonstrated that the principal anticonvulsant activity resided in the (R)-stereoisomer. The ED50 value for (R)-18 was 4.5 mg/kg, and the ED50 for (S)-18 exceeded 100 mg/kg. This difference in activity for the two stereochemical isomers surpassed comparable values for other members within this class of compounds. The protective indices (PI = TD50/ED50) (where TD50 represents a neurotoxic dose impairing rotorod performance) for (R)-18 in mice (i.p.) and in rats (p.o.) were 6.0 and > 130, respectively.
Biologic properties of rat antibodies. 3. Histamine release mediated by two classes of antibodies. (1969)

Summary Two different classes of rat antibodies have been shown to mediate the i.p. antigen-induced release of histamine. The heat-stable antibodies, associated with IgG a , involved in histamine release could be clearly differentiated from heat-labile homocytotropic antibodies. Antibodies associated with IgG a have been previously shown to mediate the antigen-induced release of SRS-A. It was not possible to dissociate the two biologic activities associated with IgG a antibodies by physical means.
Thermal analysis of magnetic shields for induction heating (2009)

For the design of magnetic shields for induction heating, it is useful to analyse not only the magnetic field reduction but also the temperature behaviour of the shield. The latter is heated by its electromagnetic losses and by thermal radiation from the workpiece. A coupled thermal–electromagnetic axisymmetric finite element model is used to study the temperature of a shield for an axisymmetric induction heater, highlighting the effect of the radius, length, thickness and material of the shield on its temperature and magnetic shielding factor. Also the effect of frequency and workpiece dimensions is investigated. The model is validated by measuring magnetic induction, induced currents in the shield and temperature of the shield on the experimental setup. The temperature is unacceptably high for shields close to the excitation coil, especially if the shield length is lower than the workpiece length. Although the study is carried out for one specific induction heater geometry, the paper indicates the effect of parameters such as geometry, material and frequency on shield temperature so that the results are also useful for other induction heating configurations.
Pathogenesis and diagnosis of myocarditis (2012)

Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle that may progress to dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic heart failure. A number of factors including the sex hormone testosterone, components of innate immunity, and profibrotic cytokines have been identified in animal models as important pathogenic mechanisms that increase inflammation and susceptibility to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy. The clinical presentation of acute myocarditis is non-specific and mimics more common causes of heart failure and arrhythmias. Suspected myocarditis is currently confirmed using advanced non-invasive imaging and histopathologic examination of heart tissue. However, the diverse presentations of myocarditis and the lack of widely available, safe, and accurate non-invasive diagnostic tests remain major obstacles to early diagnosis and population based research. Recent advances in the understanding of disease pathogenesis described in this review should lead to more accurate diagnostic algorithms and non-invasive tests.
Ensemble Machine Learning: The Latest Development in Computational Intelligence for Petroleum Reservoir Characterization (2013)

Abstract With the persistent quest for better prediction accuracies of petroleum reservoir properties, research in Computational Intelligence (CI) continues to evolve new techniques to meet this noble objective of petroleum reservoir characterization. In previous presentations, it was established that individual CI techniques are limited in their performance as they have their respective areas of strengths and weaknesses. The concept of Hybrid CI (HCI) was presented to overcome this problem as it utilizes the strengths of two or more techniques to compliment their respective weaknesses. However, the HCI techniques are not able to integrate the various expert opinions on the optimization of CI techniques and those that exist in their respective fields of application. The ensemble learning paradigm is presented here as a possible solution. The ensemble learning paradigm, also called the committee of learning machines, is the latest development in Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning technologies. It is the method of combining the output of several individual learners with different hypotheses employed to solve the same problem in order to produce an overall best result. The success of this paradigm is based on the belief that the decision of a committee of experts is better than that of a single expert. The ensemble method has been successfully applied in other fields such as bio-informatics, hydrology, time series forecasting, soil science, and control systems. Its benefits have not been well utilized in petroleum engineering. As a continuation of what has become like a "SPE Computational Intelligence Lecture Series" over the past 2 years, this paper presents an overview of the ensemble learning paradigm, a review of its successful application in other fields, a justification of its necessity in petroleum engineering and a general framework for its successful application in reservoir characterization. This paper will be of benefit to interested persons to explore the exciting world of computational intelligence and for the appreciation of the benefits of the latest development in computational intelligence.