gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bare Nanocapillary for DNA Separation and Genotyping Analysis in Gel-Free Solutions without Application of External Electric Field (2008)

In this work, we demonstrate DNA separation and genotyping analysis in gel-free solutions using a nanocapillary under pressure-driven conditions without application of an external electric field. The nanocapillary is a approximately 50-cm-long and 500-nm-radius bare fused-silica capillary. After a DNA sample is injected, the analytes are eluted out in a chromatographic separation format. The elution order of DNA molecules follows strictly with their sizes, with the longer DNA being eluted out faster than the shorter ones. High resolutions are obtained for both short (a few bases) and long (tens of thousands of base pairs) DNA fragments. Effects of key experimental parameters, such as eluent composition and elution pressure, on separation efficiency and resolution are investigated. We also apply this technique for DNA separations of real-world genotyping samples to demonstrate its feasibility in biological applications. PCR products (without any purification) amplified from Arabidopsis plant genomic DNA crude preparations are directly injected into the nanocapillary, and PCR-amplified DNA fragments are well resolved, allowing for unambiguous identification of samples from heterozygous and homozygous individuals. Since the capillaries used to conduct the separations are uncoated, column lifetime is virtually unlimited. The only material that is consumed in these assays is the eluent, and hence, the operation cost is low.
A component-based software architecture for robotic workcell applications (1999)

This paper describes a component-based software architecture for the development of robotic workcell applications. First, robotic workcells are defined and the underlying technology is discussed. Next, the software architecture is described in detail, including the components, their interactions and the underlying policies. The paper concludes with a brief summary of results and a discussion of future architectural directions.
Mechanism study on inhibited Ru(bpy)32+ electrochemiluminescence between coreactants (2010)

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) derived from Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) and its derivatives has been proven to be useful in diverse areas of analytical chemistry. Up to date most of the applications are based on coreactant ECL technology. However, little attention has been paid to the ECL inhibition between coreactants. In this paper, the ECL inhibition behavior between coreactants was systematically investigated. The results showed that ECL inhibition happened not only within the same type of coreactants, but also between two different types of coreactants. Interestingly, for some weak coreactants, the detection methods based on ECL inhibition were much more sensitive than those based on ECL enhancement. Therefore, it is envisioned to establish sensitive inhibited ECL detection methods for these weak coreactants. A possible ECL inhibition mechanism related to the consumption of coreactant intermediates without light emission is proposed.
Position Validation in Crowdsourced Accessibility Mapping (2016)

We live in a society in which instant gratification is expected: we demand constantly up-to-date information, which is reflected in our reliance on maps for navigation. Volunteered geographical information (VGI) and geocrowdsourcing make this demand attainable, with popular examples being Waze and OpenStreetMap, where maps are updated quickly by citizen contributors with current base data and features. At George Mason University (in Fairfax, Virginia), the Office of Disability Services releases a traditional paper accessibility map once annually. Owing to its production methods and format, this accessibility map does not capture the transient obstacles that occur frequently throughout campus, rendering it less useful to disabled pedestrians. To fix this dilemma and establish a more useful accessibility system, we have created an application in which contributors report transient obstacles that may impede pedestrian navigation, including sidewalk obstructions, construction detours, and other obstacles that may affect pathway walkability. One of the concerns associated with VGI and geocrowdsourced information is quality assurance, which is imperative when the usage scenarios (including blind, visually impaired, and mobility-impaired navigation) depend on positional accuracy. This study attempts to address the concerns related to the quality assurance of VGI, specifically quality assessment of the positional accuracy of the geocrowdsourced spatial data. We present our quality assessment techniques and novel methods for assessing the consistency of positional characteristics of geocrowdsourced spatial data related to accessibility. These methods rely on moderated positional assessments, geotags extracted from contributed images, and gazetteer-based geoparsing of location descriptions. Finally, we base our methods and approaches on research contributions and best practices from past and current efforts in accessibility mapping.
Tolerance to Daytime Sedative Effects of H1 Antihistamines (2002)

Sedation is the principal side effect of first generation H1 antihistamines, and recent studies have suggested that this side effect should limit the clinical application of these drugs. The sedative effect also underlies the use of these first-generation drugs as nonprescriptive remedies for insomnia. In both cases, the potential for tolerance to the sedative effect of these drugs is an important issue for which there are few objective data. In the study reported here, 15 healthy men age 18 to 50 years received either diphenhydramine 50 mg or placebo twice a day for 4 days in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial design. Dependent measures included objective and subjective assessments of sleepiness and computer-based tests of psychomotor performance. Both objective and subjective measures of sleepiness showed significantly higher levels on day 1 for diphenhydramine compared to placebo. By day 4, however, levels of sleepiness on diphenhydramine were indistinguishable from placebo. Similarly, diphenhydramine produced significant impairment of performance that was completely reversed by day 4. These data provide the first objective confirmation that tolerance develops to the sedative effect of a prototypical first-generation H1 antihistamine, diphenhydramine. On this dosing regimen, tolerance was complete by the end of 3 days of administration. While other antihistamines and dosing regimens may differ, these results suggest that tolerance to the sedation produced by these drugs develops with remarkable rapidity.
Verification of acoustical correlates of emotional speech using formant-synthesis (2000)

This paper explores the perceptual relevance of acoustical correlates of emotional speech by means of speech synthesis. Besides, the research aims at the development of emotion-rules which enable an optimized speech synthesis system to generate emotional speech. Two invesigations using this synthetizer are described : 1) the systematic variation of selected acoustical features to gain a preliminary impression regarding the importance of certain acoustical features for emotional expression, and 2) the specific manipulation of a stimulus spoken under emotionally neutral condition to investigate further the effect of certain features and the overall ability of the synthetizer to generate recognizable emotional expression. It is shown that this approach is indeed capable of generating emotional speech that is recognized almost as well as utterances realized by actors
The Strong Case for the Generalized Logarithmic Utility Model as the Premier Model of Financial Markets (1976)

Mark Rubinstein, The Strong Case for the Generalized Logarithmic Utility Model as the Premier Model of Financial Markets, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 31, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Finance Association Dallas, Texas December 28-30, 1975 (May, 1976), pp. 551-571
Effects of the Full Breath Solution Appliance for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Preliminary Study (2009)

The Full Breath Solution (FBS) appliance is a novel, effective approach in the management of OSA.
BlogHarvest: Blog Mining and Search Framework. (2006)

Beyond serving as online diaries, weblogs have evolved into complex social structures. Blogging software allows users to publish opinions on any topic without any constraints on the predefined schema. Analysis of linkage between blogs has indicated that community forming in blogosphere is not a random process but is a result of shared interests binding bloggers together. Learning, analysis and usage of the user&apos;s interest and social linkage from the blog is therefore necessary to provide useful search faculty on the blogosphere to bloggers and revenue generation opportunities like advertising to the blog service providers. In this paper, we demonstrate BlogHarvest which is a blog mining and search framework that extracts the interests of the blogger, finds and recommends blogs with similar topics and provides blog oriented search functionality. BlogHarvest uses classification, linkage &amp; topic similarity based clustering and POS tagging based opinion mining for providing these features. Novel search interface is built to provide related blogs for queries along with the usual result ranking. Association rules found from POS tags are used to get the context of search for providing query expansion to get targeted results. By crawling the blogosphere and extract &amp; index blog posts and linkage metadata; we have analyzed around 50000 blogs to tune our algorithms.
ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY EFFECTS ON PESTICIDE DRIFT FROM AN IRRIGATED ORCHARD (2000)

Spray transects through an 11-m-tall pecan orchard with an air-blast orchard sprayer were replicated 10times over a wide range of atmospheric stability conditions. Drift was measured by collecting tracer (malathion) usingground plates (f), high volume air samplers (hv), and string (s) collectors distributed downwind in the adjacent field outto a maximum distance of 18 canopy heights (198 m). Atmospheric conditions were measured above the orchard canopywith fast-response, three-dimensional wind, temperature, and humidity sensors. Atmospheric stability, characterized bythe surface layer stability parameter ( ), was the primary factor affecting drift amounts measured on and above theadjacent field. On average, the total amount of drift caught by the samplers in very stable conditions was 5.9, 3.6, and 2.1times the amount of drift in unstable conditions for the plates, the hvs, and the strings, respectively. The transition fromone condition to the other took place over a very small stability range where the air was dynamically stable (0.0 < <0.3). In this range, very small changes in atmospheric conditions resulted in very large changes in the atmospheresaerosol transport characteristics. The effect of stability on the amount of drift collected in the adjacent field is describedby a symmetric hyperbolic tangent function over the entire range of stability encountered.
Damage to epitaxial GaN layers by silicon implantation (1996)

Ion channeling and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy were used to study the extent and nature of Si ion implantation damage in epitaxial GaN layers at liquid nitrogen temperature. Results indicate that displacement damage produced by the implantation undergoes substantial dynamic annealing during implantation. As a result, at moderate implantation doses residual implantation damage consists of a dense network of secondary defects, such as clusters and loops, which are a consequence of incomplete annihilation of implantation-produced defects. Amorphous layers can be produced, but the doses required are extremely high (≳1016 cm−2) and amorphization appears to ‘‘nucleate’’ at the surface.
Medical therapy reduces microbiota diversity and evenness in surgically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (2013)

Our findings strongly correlate with earlier studies that examined the impact of antibiotics on human microbiota. We observed that posttreatment, patients frequently became colonized by taxa that are less susceptible to the prescribed antibiotics. Our findings highlight the challenge in seeking generalizable diagnostic and therapeutic options in CRS, particularly regarding microbiological response and outcomes.
Amides from Nitriles and Alcohols by the Ritter Reaction (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmides from Nitriles and Alcohols by the Ritter ReactionJohn A. Sanguigni and Robert LevineCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1964, 7, 4, 573–574Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00334a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00334a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Converter placement in wavelength routing mesh topologies (2002)

The blocking performance of wavelength routing WDM optical networks can be improved by employing wavelength conversion. In this paper, we address the problem of optimally placing a limited number of wavelength converters in mesh topologies. Two objective functions, namely, minimizing the average blocking probability and minimizing the maximum blocking probability over all routes, are considered. We first extend an earlier analytical model to compute the blocking probability on an arbitrary route in a mesh topology, given the traffic and locations of converters. We then propose heuristic algorithms to place wavelength converters, and evaluate the performance of the proposed heuristics using the analytical model.
PLANMINE: Predicting Plan Failures using Sequence Mining (1998)

This paper presents the PLANMINE sequence mining algorithm to extract patterns of events that predict failures in databases of plan executions. New techniques were needed because previous data mining algorithms were overwhelmed by the staggering number of very frequent, but entirely unpredictive patterns that exist in the plan database. This paper combines several techniques for pruning out unpredictive and redundant patterns which reduce the size of the returned rule set by more than three orders of magnitude. PLANMINE has also been fully integrated into two real-world planning systems. We experimentally evaluate the rules discovered by PLANMINE, and show that they are extremely useful for understanding and improving plans, as well as for building monitors that raise alarms before failures happen.
Most Closely HLA-Matched Allogeneic Virus Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) to Treat Persistent Reactivation or Infection With Adenovirus, CMV and EBV After Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) (2011)

Adoptive transfer of CTLs can reconstitute antiviral immunity to EBV, CMV and Adv in allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. However, the time taken to prepare patient-specific products and the lack of virus-specific T-cells in cord blood and seronegative donors restricts application. As part of the NHLBI Specialized Centers for Cell-Based Therapy, we are evaluating in a multicenter setting whether infusion of “off the shelf” closely HLA-matched allogeneic CTLs (CHM-CTLs) will overcome this limitation and prove feasible, safe and effective in HSCT recipients with infection refractory to standard therapy. Using the NHLBI Production Assistance for Cellular Therapies program, we manufactured and tested > 30 multivirus lines, which were polyclonal, comprising CD4+ (median 10%) and CD8+ (median 83%) T-cells with specificity for CMV, EBV and Adv (mean 1463, 101, and 227 SFC/1x105 cells, respectively). A dose of 2x107CHM-CTL/m2 was available to subjects with persistent infection matching at least one HLA antigen. We selected the most suitable line based on target virus specificity through a shared allele and on overall HLA match. To date 53 patients have been screened. A potential line was identified for 49, of whom 29 received 1-3 infusions with lines matched at 1-3 HLA antigens. Six subjects received CHM-CTLs for refractory EBV-PTLD, 13 for persistent CMV, 9 for persistent Adv and one for both CMV and Adv. There were no immediate adverse effects, and the GVHD incidence was low, with two patients reactivating previous acute skin or chronic GVHD, and two developing transient skin rashes. Two patients developed thrombotic microangiopathy but had other risk factors including sirolimus treatment. Response, defined as the overall cumulative incidence of first CR/PR in the first 26 patients by day 42 is 84.6% overall; (92.3% for CMV, 80% for EBV and 75% for Adv). Of note, we obtained complete antiviral responses in 16 patients, and even in recipients of lines matching at a single HLA antigen. Despite this objective antiviral activity, immune monitoring studies using IFNg ELIspot assays showed little or no rise in peripheral blood virus-reactive T cells after infusion. Nevertheless these preliminary results show the feasibility and safety of immunotherapy using banked CHM-CTLs. The antiviral responses we observe are encouraging and suggest that an “off-the-shelf” CTL cell line may be a practical strategy for allogeneic HSCT recipients.
Psychiatric and behavioral disorders in persons with Down syndrome (2007)

Similar to the state of the broader intellectual disabilities field, many gaps exist in the research and treatment of mental health concerns in people with Down syndrome. This review summarizes key findings on the type and prevalence of behavior and emotional problems in children, adolescents, and adults with Down syndrome. Such findings include relatively low rates of severe problems in children, and well-documented risks of depression and Alzheimer's disease in older adults. The review also considers emerging data on autism, and the paucity of studies on adolescents. Three next steps for research are highlighted, including a need to: (1) connect research on psychiatric status and diagnoses across developmental periods, including adolescence, and to examine such associated processes as sociability, anxiety and attention; (2) unravel complicated biopsycho-social risk and protective factors that serve to increase or diminish psychopathology; and (3) identify evidence-based treatments that both reduce distressful symptoms and enhance well-being in individuals with Down syndrome.
Small RNA database (1998)

An update containing small RNA sequences published since our last compilation. Sequences from various sources covered in earlier compilations ( 1–8 ) are not included in this update
From chains to ladders in co-crystals with 2,3-thiophene-15-crown-5, 2,3-naphtho-15-crown-5, and bis-(18-crown-6)-stilbene constructed by weak hydrogen bonding (2010)

For the first time a series of co-crystals of 2,3-thiophene-15-crown-5 1, 2,3-naphtho-15-crown-5 2, bis-(18-crown-6)-stilbene 3 with dithiooxamide a, 1,2,5-oxadiazole-3,4-diamine b, and 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole c with compositions 1a, 2a, 2b·H22O, 2c, and 3a22 were prepared and their structures were studied by X-ray crystallography. The components in the co-crystals demonstrate the different modes of mutual arrangement and contribution of diverse weak interactions to the final architecture. Infinite chains of the alternating component molecules linked by N–H⋯O hydrogen bonds characterise the structures of 1a and 2a, whereas in the case of 3a22 formation of the loosely packed ladder-type structure was observed. In 2b·H22O the planar naphtho- and oxadiazole moieties demonstrate their edge-to-face arrangement, while in 2c the partially overlapping naphtho- and triazole moieties provide effective face-to-face π–π stacking interactions. The improved synthetic strategy for 1 and 2 is given.
A New High Frequency Cycloconverter (1986)

A new ac to ac frequency converter which uses three pairs of back-to-back thyristors, anid converts three-phase power frequency to a single-phase higher frequency, is introduced. In the same type of converters made public recently, which use two six-pulse fully controlled bridge rectifiers, high frequency current pulses must be fed to the load tank circuit through two thyristor switches in series. But in the system presented here, each pulse flows through either one switch or two parallel switches, so that it is expected to provide good efficiency with the advantage of a small parts count. Features inherent in this type of converter such as stable operation, high power factor and low harmonics are also maintained.
ATP stimulates GRK-3 phosphorylation and β-arrestin-2-dependent internalization of P2X<sub>7</sub> receptor (2005)

The objective of this study was to understand the mechanisms involved in P2X(7) receptor activation. Treatments with ATP or with the P2X(7) receptor-specific ligand 2',3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate (BzATP) induced pore formation, but the effect was slower in CaSki cells expressing endogenous P2X(7) receptor than in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells expressing exogenous P2X(7) receptor (HEK-293-hP2X(7)-R). In both types of cells Western blots revealed expression of three forms of the receptor: the functional 85-kDa form present mainly in the membrane and 65- and 18-kDa forms expressed in both the plasma membrane and the cytosol. Treatments with ATP transiently decreased the 85-kDa form and increased the 18-kDa form in the membrane, suggesting internalization, degradation, and recycling of the receptor. In CaSki cells ATP stimulated phosphorylation of the 85-kDa form on tyrosine and serine residues. Phosphorylation on threonine residues increased with added ATP, and it increased ATP requirements for phosphorylation on tyrosine and serine residues, suggesting a dominant-negative effect. In both CaSki and in HEK-293-hP2X(7)-R cells ATP also increased binding of the 85-kDa form to G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK)-3, beta-arrestin-2, and dynamin, and it stimulated beta-arrestin-2 redistribution into submembranous regions of the cell. These results suggest a novel mechanism for P2X(7) receptor action, whereby activation involves a GRK-3-, beta-arrestin-2-, and dynamin-dependent internalization of the receptor into clathrin domains, followed in part by receptor degradation as well as receptor recycling into the plasma membrane.