gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<![CDATA[<B>Off-pump coronary artery bypass with multiple arterial conduits</B>]]> (2005)

OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados, em 30 dias, em pacientes submetidos de forma eletiva à revascularização arterial total do miocárdio sem circulação extracorpórea (CEC), e identificar preditores de morbimortalidade com esta estratégia cirúrgica. MÉTODO: Entre maio de 1999 e fevereiro de 2004, efetuaram-se 203 cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica (CRM) com revascularização arterial total sem CEC, em pacientes com doença de múltiplos vasos (três vasos 81,7%, doença de um vaso excluída). Reportaram-se variáveis pré-operatórias e comorbidade: média de idade 63,9 ± 9,13 anos, homens 182 (89,5%), hipertensão 132 (65%), tabagismo 125 (61%), hipercolesterolemia 152 (74,8%), infarto agudo do miocárdio prévio (mais de 30 dias) 73 (35%), disfunção ventricular moderada a grave 31 (15%), reoperação cinco (2,5%). A revascularização arterial total incluiu anastomoses em T e seqüenciais com artéria torácica interna esquerda (100%), torácica interna direita (56,6%) e artéria radial (63%). O número total de anastomoses foi 576 (média de três pontes/paciente), todas efetuadas com estabilizadores mecânicos externos. Não form realizadas anastomoses proximais na aorta. Cirurgia com CEC foi realizada em três (1,5%) pacientes. Noventa por cento dos pacientes foram extubados na sala de operações. Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se teste de regressão logística múltipla. RESULTADOS: A incidência de fibrilação atrial pós-operatória foi de 12,8% (26), insuficiência renal oligoanúrica 3% (seis), diálise 0,49% (um), infarto de miocárdio pós-operatório 1,47% (três), baixo débito cardíaco 4% (oito), reoperação por sangramento 1,47% (três), mediastinite 1,47% (três), acidente vascular cerebral 1,47% (três). A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 2,45% (cinco). O único preditor independente de morbidade em 30 dias foi a idade (p=0,033; OR 1,04; IC 95%: 1-1,08). CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica sem circulação extracorpórea utilizando condutos arteriais para a doença de múltiplos vasos é factível com baixa morbimortalidade em 30 dias.
"Front Drive" Display Structure for Color Electronic Paper Using Fully Transparent Amorphous Oxide TFT Array (2007)

We demonstrate a novel display structure for color electronic paper for the first time. Fully transparent amorphous oxide TFT array is directly deposited onto color filter array and combined with E Ink Imaging Film. Taking advantage of the transparent property of the oxide TFT, the color filter and TFT array are positioned at the viewing side of the display. This novel Front Drive display structure facilitates the alignment of the color filter and TFT dramatically.
Comparison of Machine Learning Models for Hazardous Gas Dispersion Prediction in Field Cases (2018)

Dispersion prediction plays a significant role in the management and emergency response to hazardous gas emissions and accidental leaks. Compared with conventional atmospheric dispersion models, machine leaning (ML) models have both high accuracy and efficiency in terms of prediction, especially in field cases. However, selection of model type and the inputs of the ML model are still essential problems. To address this issue, two ML models (i.e., the back propagation (BP) network and support vector regression (SVR) with different input selections (i.e., original monitoring parameters and integrated Gaussian parameters) are proposed in this paper. To compare the performances of presented ML models in field cases, these models are evaluated using the Prairie Grass and Indianapolis field data sets. The influence of the training set scale on the performances of ML models is analyzed as well. Results demonstrate that the integrated Gaussian parameters indeed improve the prediction accuracy in the Prairie Grass case. However, they do not make much difference in the Indianapolis case due to their inadaptability to the complex terrain conditions. In addition, it can be summarized that the SVR shows better generalization ability with relatively small training sets, but tends to under-fit the training data. In contrast, the BP network has a stronger fitting ability, but sometimes suffers from an over-fitting problem. As a result, the model and input selection presented in this paper will be of great help to environmental and public health protection in real applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Midland Reduction (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Correction: One Plus One Makes Three (for Social Networks) (2012)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyanidophosphates (2016)

Salts containing new cyanido(fluorido)phosphate anions of the general formula [PF6-n(CN)n](-) (n=1-4) were synthesized by a very mild Lewis-acid-catalyzed synthetic protocol and fully characterized. All [PF6-n(CN)n](-) (n=1-4) salts could be isolated on a preparative scale. It was also possible to detect the [PF(CN)5](-) but not the [P(CN)6](-) anion. The best results with respect to purity, yield, and low cost were obtained when the F(-)/CN(-) substitution reactions were carried out in ionic liquids.
Glycosaminoglycans as a Possible Tool for Micro- and Macroalbuminuria in Diabetic Patients. A Pilot Study (1997)

The aim was to investigate sulodexide as a possible therapeutic tool for treating micro- and macroalbuminuria in diabetic patients. Fifteen patients (13 micro- and 2 macroalbuminuric) with Type II diabetes, were treated with 600 lipoprotein-lipase releasing units of sulodexide by the intramuscular route, daily for 28 days, and followed up for 2 months. The main evaluation parameter was the albumin excretion rate. At the end of treatment, six of the 13 microalbuminuric patients showed a decrease in the albumin excretion rate, which increased again in three of the six during follow-up. In the two macroalbuminuric patients the albumin excretion rate decreased at the end of treatment and remained unchanged after a further 2 months. Overall analysis (15 patients) showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the albumin excretion rate compared with baseline. Metabolic control and blood pressure remained unchanged during the entire period of study. No adverse events were registered. It is concluded that sulodexide administration has a favourable effect in reducing the albumin excretion rate in Type II diabetic patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria.
How genome complexity can explain the hardness of aligning reads to genomes (2014)

Although it is known that aligning short reads to reference genomes becomes harder if such genomes are embedded with complex repeat structures, there has been little effort to quantify this intuition. We investigated several measures of complexity, employed 10 popular short-read aligners to align a large number of diverse genomes, and found that unlike existing notions of complexity, a proposed notion of length sensitive measures correlated highly with the hardness of short-read alignment. This result enables speedy estimation of the hardness of alignment without aligning millions of reads to unknown genomes.
Mesoporous Germanium Formation by Electrochemical Etching (2009)

Uniform thick mesoporous germanium layers are reproducibly formed on 4 in.p-type Ge wafers by electrochemical etching in highly concentrated HF electrolytes.Pore formation by anodic etching in germanium leads to a constant dissolution of the porous layer.The growth rate of the porous Ge layer is therefore given by the difference between the etch rate at the porous layer/substrate wafer interface and the dissolution rate at the electrolyte/porous layer interface.The growth rate lies in the range of 0.071-2.7 nm/min for etching current densities of 0.1-80 mA/cm 2 , while both the etch rate and the dissolution rate lie in the range of several micrometers per minute.We define the substrate usage as the ratio of the growth rate and the etch rate.This substrate usage determines the growth efficiency of the porous layer and lies in the range of 0.2-2%.Thus, the substrate wafer is thinned substantially during anodic porous layer formation.Constantly alternating from an anodic to a cathodic bias prevents the thinning of the substrate.The dissolution rate decreases, and the usage increases up to 98%.
Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of DNA with Single-Base Sensitivity (2015)

Direct, label-free detection of unmodified DNA is a great challenge for DNA analyses. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising tool for DNA analyses by providing intrinsic chemical information with a high sensitivity. To address the irreproducibility in SERS analysis that hampers reliable DNA detection, we used iodide-modified Ag nanoparticles to obtain highly reproducible SERS signals of single- and double-strand DNA in aqueous solutions close to physiological conditions. The phosphate backbone signal was used as an internal standard to calibrate the absolute signal of each base for a more reliable determination of the DNA structure, which has not been achieved before. Clear identification of DNA with single-base sensitivity and the observation of a hybridization event have been demonstrated.
Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) on neuromorphic computing system (2017)

The problems of Artificial intelligence (AI) naturally maps to NP-hard optimization problems. This trend has significance to achieve human-level computation capability from machines. This computational ability can be achieved by developing evolutionary algorithms or mapping those evolutionary algorithms onto new generation computing systems: Quantum or Neuromorphic hardware. In this paper, we implemented the NP-hard optimization problem called Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem for the solution of graph problems on the IBM's Neurosynaptic TrueNorth System. We have experimented on different types of graph problems with different levels of complexities and achieved encouraging results on IBM's Neuromorphic TrueNorth chip. Moreover, there are a set of potential applications have been discussed based on this proposed QUBO solution. Along with the QUBO on quantum annealing, it is the important first step towards the solutions of QUBO on Neuromorphic computing systems.
Photoinduced Addition of Glycosyl Thiols to Alkynyl Peptides: Use of Free-Radical Thiol−Yne Coupling for Post-Translational Double-Glycosylation of Peptides (2010)

Double glycosylation of cysteine-containing peptides has been carried out by a one-pot two-step sequence comprising selective S-propargylation followed by photoinduced (lambda (max) 365 nm) free-radical hydrothiolation with glycosyl thiols. Conditions were established for the sequential introduction of two different thiol residues such as a glycosyl and a biotinyl derivative.
Investigation of Non-Ohmic Properties for Thin Film InGaP/GaAs Solar Cells (2006)

An efficient, flexible and lightweight thin-film InGaP/GaAs solar cell has been developed. We discovered a reduction in open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the thin-film InGaP/GaAs cell due to the non-ohmic characteristics in the interface between the metal film and p-type contact layer on the rear of the cell. Additionally, the non-ohmic characteristics influenced the temperature coefficient of Voc. Cells with 2.34 V and 2.08 V Voc were evaluated in this investigation. The difference in Voc was caused by a difference in carrier concentration of the layer which contacts thin metal film on the rear of the cell. These results indicate that the reduction in Voc of the thin-film cell is due to an opposite voltage generated in the interface between the contact layer and the metal film. The characteristics were improved by introducing a tunnel junction into the interface. Good ohmic characteristics in the interface between the rear of the thin-film cell and the metal film is required for improving efficiency
Direct Vapor-Phase Bromination of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (2012)

We present the simple procedure of the vapor-phase bromination of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) at moderate temperatures. MWNTs with average diameter<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>9</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> nm were treated with Br 2 vapors at 250 ° C to produce Br-functionalized product. Transmission electron microscopy analysis was used to prove low damage of MWNT walls during bromination. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to investigate chemical composition of the surface of initial and brominated nanotubes. The experimental results show that the structure of MWNTs is not affected by the bromination process and the total amount of Br-containing surface functions reaches 2.5 wt. %. Electrophysical properties of initial and brominated MWNTs were investigated showing decrease of conductivity for functionalized sample. Possible mechanism of the vapor-phase bromination via surface defects and oxygen-containing functional groups was proposed according to data obtained. Additional experiments with bromination of annealed low-defected MWNTs were performed giving Br content a low as 0.75 wt. % proving this hypothesis.
The Present Status and Recent Advancements in Corona-Kelvin Non-Contact Electrical Metrology of Dielectrics for IC-Manufacturing (2006)

Non-contact electrical metrology offers a fast and cost saving monitoring of dielectrics in IC manufacturing process. This corona-Kelvin measuring technique has entered the maturity stage with about 400 tools installed in silicon IC-fabs. We discuss recent advancements that broaden the spectrum of monitoring parameters and enhance the precision of these measurements. We also discuss the current ongoing extension of corona-Kelvin metrology to the micro scale measurement on sites as small as 30µm x 30µm. This opens new possibilities for non-contact electrical testing of product wafers, rather than expensive process monitor wafers. Micro-measurement is illustrated using flash memory ONO structures and corona induced programming and erasing.
Ion selective electrodes, potentiometry, and potentiometric titrations (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon selective electrodes, potentiometry, and potentiometric titrationsRichard P. BuckCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 5, 270–295Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60313a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60313a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views693Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Laser-ablation-powered mini-thruster (2002)

We have developed a new type of miniature jet for pointing microsatellites. It is based on laser ablation produced by a multi-mode diode laser. The target is a specially prepared tape with a transparent layer through which the laser light passes and an absorbing layer which produces the thrust. We have achieved specific impulse up to 1000 seconds (greater than possible with chemistry), together with laser momentum coupling coefficients of order 6 dyne/W. The preprototype should achieve 100 dynes of thrust. We will discuss the target interaction physics, the materials science involved in creating the targets, and some of our measurements with the preprototype thruster.
Patterning of ITO on glass with picosecond lasers for oleds (2006)

Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is the main material for making transparent electrodes in electronic devices and flat panel displays. Laser direct write technology has been widely used for patterning ITO. Organics-based electronics devices, as OLEDs, impose special requirements on the geometrical and electrical quality of the conductors. High repetition rate lasers with a short, picosecond pulse width offer new possibilities for high efficiency structuring of transparent conductors on glass and other substrates. The results of ablation of the indium-tin oxide (ITO) layer on glass with picosecond lasers at various wavelengths are presented. Laser radiation initiated ablation of the material, forming trenches in ITO. Profile of the trenches was analyzed with a phase contrast optical microscope, a stylus type profiler, SEM and AFM. Clean removal of the ITO layer was achieved with the 266 nm radiation when laser fluence was above the threshold at 0.20 J/cm2, while for the 355 nm radiation the threshold was higher, above 0.46 J/cm2. The glass substrate was damaged in the area where the fluence was higher than 1.55 J/cm2. The 532 nm radiation allowed getting well defined trenches, but a lot of residues in the form of dust were generated on the surface. UV radiation at the 266 nm provided the widest working window for ITO ablation without damage of the substrate. Use of UV laser radiation with fluences close to the ablation threshold made it possible to minimize surface contamination and the recast ridge formation during the process. The latter is specifically important to prevent shortcut formation in OLED devices.
Facile Surface Modification and Application of Temperature Responsive Poly(<i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide‐<i>co</i>‐dopamine methacrylamide) (2012)

Abstract The temperature‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [PNIPAAm] has been exploited for various biomedical applications. In this work, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐ co ‐dopamine methacrylamide) [P(NIPAAm‐ co ‐DMAAm)] was synthesized for facile surface modification and application to cell sheets. 1 H NMR, FT‐IR, and GPC confirmed the successful synthesis of P(NIPAAm‐ co ‐DMAAm). The lower critical solution temperature was measured to be ca. 29.2 °C by UV–Vis spectroscopy. AFM imaging clearly visualized the transient phase transition of the temperature‐responsive polymer bound on silicon substrate by coordination bond formation. Furthermore, the adhesive and temperature responsive P(NIPAAm‐ co ‐DMAAm) could be successfully applied to the facile preparation of NIH‐3T3 fibroblast cell sheets.
Holistic Context Models for Visual Recognition (2011)

A novel framework to context modeling based on the probability of co-occurrence of objects and scenes is proposed. The modeling is quite simple, and builds upon the availability of robust appearance classifiers. Images are represented by their posterior probabilities with respect to a set of contextual models, built upon the bag-of-features image representation, through two layers of probabilistic modeling. The first layer represents the image in a semantic space, where each dimension encodes an appearance-based posterior probability with respect to a concept. Due to the inherent ambiguity of classifying image patches, this representation suffers from a certain amount of contextual noise. The second layer enables robust inference in the presence of this noise by modeling the distribution of each concept in the semantic space. A thorough and systematic experimental evaluation of the proposed context modeling is presented. It is shown that it captures the contextual “gist” of natural images. Scene classification experiments show that contextual classifiers outperform their appearance-based counterparts, irrespective of the precise choice and accuracy of the latter. The effectiveness of the proposed approach to context modeling is further demonstrated through a comparison to existing approaches on scene classification and image retrieval, on benchmark data sets. In all cases, the proposed approach achieves superior results.
Profile Control Possibilities for a Trench Etch Process Based on Chlorine Chemistry (1990)

For etching trenches in single‐crystal silicon, dry etch systems with different chamber geometries and chemistries are used. In this work the influence of the etch parameters and the oxide mask on the trench profile is investigated using a triode reactor system with chlorine as the reactive gas and additions of argon and nitrogen. It is shown that there are several possibilities for adjustment of the trench profile even if a heavily doped buried layer has to be etched. It is also demonstrated that unsymmetrical trenches or even sidewall trenching are caused by an unsuitable oxide mask.
Cleaning and heat-treatment effects on unalloyed titanium implant surfaces. (2000)

This study tested the following hypotheses: (1) acid-cleaned and passivated unalloyed titanium implants have higher surface energies (which are considered desirable for bone implants) than ethanol-cleaned titanium; (2) higher temperatures of heat treatment of unalloyed titanium result in higher surface energies; and (3) these changes can be related to changes in surface composition and roughness. Thus, unalloyed titanium specimens were either acid-cleaned and passivated (CP) or ethanol-cleaned (Et). Each set was then divided into 3 groups and heat-treated for 1 hour at 316 degrees C (600 degrees F), 427 degrees C (800 degrees F), and 538 degrees C (1,000 degrees F), respectively. Surface roughness values for each of these groups were determined using atomic force microscopy, while surface compositions were determined using Auger electron, x-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopic techniques. Surface energies were estimated using a 2-liquid geometric mean technique and correlated with surface roughness, elemental composition, and elemental thickness. The CP surfaces were slightly rougher than the Et specimens, which had greater oxide thickness and hydrocarbon presence. The surface oxides were composed of TiO2, Ti2O3, and possibly titanium peroxide; those heat-treated at 427 degrees C or above were crystalline. The CP specimens had carbonaceous coverage that was of a different composition from that on Et specimens. The CP specimens had significantly higher surface energies, which showed statistically significant correlations with oxide thickness and carbonaceous presence. In conclusion, ethanol cleaning of unalloyed titanium dental implants may not provide optimal surface properties when compared to cleaning with phosphoric acid followed by nitric acid passivation.