gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pumpless microfluidic platform for drug testing on human skin equivalents (2014)

Advances in bio-mimetic in vitro human skin models increase the efficiency of drug screening studies. In this study, we designed and developed a microfluidic platform that allows for long-term maintenance of full thickness human skin equivalents (HSE) which are comprised of both the epidermal and dermal compartments. The design is based on the physiologically relevant blood residence times in human skin tissue and allows for the establishment of an air-epidermal interface which is crucial for maturation and terminal differentiation of HSEs. The small scale of the design reduces the amount of culture medium and the number of cells required by 36 fold compared to conventional transwell cultures. Our HSE-on-a-chip platform has the capability to recirculate the medium at desired flow rates without the need for pump or external tube connections. We demonstrate that the platform can be used to maintain HSEs for three weeks with proliferating keratinocytes similar to conventional HSE cultures. Immunohistochemistry analyses show that the differentiation and localization of keratinocytes was successfully achieved, establishing all sub-layers of the epidermis after one week. Basal keratinocytes located at the epidermal-dermal interface remain in a proliferative state for three weeks. We use a transdermal transport model to show that the skin barrier function is maintained for three weeks. We also validate the capability of the HSE-on-a-chip platform to be used for drug testing purposes by examining the toxic effects of doxorubucin on skin cells and structure. Overall, the HSE-on-a-chip is a user-friendly and cost-effective in vitro platform for drug testing of candidate molecules for skin disorders.
Long‐acting selenium treatments for sheep (1991)

An intraruminal selenium (Se) pellet and a subcutaneous depot of barium selenate, equivalent to 1.6 mg Se/kg body weight, were each effective in maintaining increased blood Se concentrations for at least 200 weeks in ewes at pasture. These treatments given to the ewes 23 to 26 weeks before lambing increased the Se status of their lambs for 4 to 6 months.
Heart-rate independent myocardial T1-mapping using combined saturation and inversion preparation pulses (2013)

Figure 1 Sequence diagram depicting the SAPPHIRE T1-mapping sequence: a saturation pulse is performed after the R-wave to erase the magnetization history.It is followed by the inversion pulse and a single-shot image readout.To extend the range of applicable inversion times the data readout of some SAPPHIRE experiments is performed in the heart-cycle after the magnetization preparation.Additionally the first heartcycle is performed without magnetization preparation and the last heart-cycle with the saturation pulse only.This increases the effective inversion times and improves the T1 fit.
A Driving Right Leg Circuit (DgRL) for Improved Common Mode Rejection in Bio-Potential Acquisition Systems (2015)

The paper presents a novel Driving Right Leg (DgRL) circuit designed to mitigate the effect of common mode signals deriving, say, from power line interferences. The DgRL drives the isolated ground of the instrumentation towards a voltage which is fixed with respect to the common mode potential on the subject, therefore minimizing common mode voltage at the input of the front-end. The paper provides an analytical derivation of the common mode rejection performances of DgRL as compared to the usual grounding circuit or Driven Right Leg (DRL) loop. DgRL is integrated in a bio-potential acquisition system to show how it can reduce the common mode signal of more than 70 dB with respect to standard patient grounding. This value is at least 30 dB higher than the reduction achievable with DRL, making DgRL suitable for single-ended front-ends, like those based on active electrodes. EEG signal acquisition is performed to show how the system can successfully cancel power line interference without any need for differential acquisition, signal post-processing or filtering.
Stepwise telecommunication software generation from service specifications in state transition model (2002)

A method of stepwise telecommunication software generation through terminal behavior observation is proposed to implement telecommunication services on any architecture. In the proposed method, a two-layered language is used; the STR service specification language and the STR/D supplementary specification language. STR specifies the terminal behavior which can be recognized from outside the telecommunication system. Supplementary specifications are described using STR/D to implement the STR rules. Telecommunication services, such as UPT (Universal Personal Telecommunication), are standardized for provision on a given functional model consisting of functional entities. Software for each functional entity is semiautomatically obtained from the two described specifications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lasers in Electrophotography (1982)

We review the recent advances in the use of laser sources in the field of electrophotography. New experimental investigations of the photogeneration and transport processes utilized in electrophotography are now possible because of the short pulse duration, high peak power, high collimation, monochromaticity, and/or coherence of a laser source. Also, the increasing availability of reliable and inexpensive lasers has resulted in many new technological uses of lasers in electrophotographic applications. In addition to the continued use of HeNe and HeCd lasers, new products have been configured with GaAs lasers.
Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in microscale primary human hepatocyte cultures (2010)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major public health problem, affecting approximately 130 million people worldwide. HCV infection can lead to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and end-stage liver disease, as well as extrahepatic complications such as cryoglobulinemia and lymphoma. Preventative and therapeutic options are severely limited; there is no HCV vaccine available, and nonspecific, IFN-based treatments are frequently ineffective. Development of targeted antivirals has been hampered by the lack of robust HCV cell culture systems that reliably predict human responses. Here, we show the entire HCV life cycle recapitulated in micropatterned cocultures (MPCCs) of primary human hepatocytes and supportive stroma in a multiwell format. MPCCs form polarized cell layers expressing all known HCV entry factors and sustain viral replication for several weeks. When coupled with highly sensitive fluorescence- and luminescence-based reporter systems, MPCCs have potential as a high-throughput platform for simultaneous assessment of in vitro efficacy and toxicity profiles of anti-HCV therapeutics.
Ultrasound-guided measurement of skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness in children with diabetes and recommendations for giving insulin injections (2018)

Children with diabetes on insulin therapy should be advised on the appropriate needle length accordingly to their age and BMI.
Direct Replacement of Antibodies with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles in ELISA—Development of a Novel Assay for Vancomycin (2013)

A simple and straightforward technique for coating microplate wells with molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) to develop assays similar to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is presented here for the first time. NanoMIPs were synthesized by a solid-phase approach with an immobilized vancomycin (template) and characterized using Biacore 3000, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy. Immobilization, blocking, and washing conditions were optimized in microplate format. The detection of vancomycin was achieved in competitive binding experiments with a horseradish peroxidase-vancomycin conjugate. The assay was capable of measuring vancomycin in buffer and in blood plasma within the range of 0.001-70 nM with a detection limit of 0.0025 nM (2.5 pM). The sensitivity of the assay was 3 orders of magnitude better than a previously described ELISA based on antibodies. In these experiments, nanoMIPs have shown high affinity and minimal interference from blood plasma components. Immobilized nanoMIPs were stored for 1 month at room temperature without any detrimental effects to their binding properties. The high affinity of nanoMIPs and the lack of a requirement for cold chain logistics make them an attractive alternative to traditional antibodies used in ELISA.
Weak attributes for large-scale image retrieval (2012)

Attribute-based query offers an intuitive way of image retrieval, in which users can describe the intended search targets with understandable attributes. In this paper, we develop a general and powerful framework to solve this problem by leveraging a large pool of weak attributes comprised of automatic classifier scores or other mid-level representations that can be easily acquired with little or no human labor. We extend the existing retrieval model of modeling dependency within query attributes to modeling dependency of query attributes on a large pool of weak attributes, which is more expressive and scalable. To efficiently learn such a large dependency model without overfitting, we further propose a semi-supervised graphical model to map each multiattribute query to a subset of weak attributes. Through extensive experiments over several attribute benchmarks, we demonstrate consistent and significant performance improvements over the state-of-the-art techniques. In addition, we compile the largest multi-attribute image retrieval dateset to date, including 126 fully labeled query attributes and 6,000 weak attributes of 0.26 million images.
Photolithographic Micropatterning of an Electroluminescent Polymer Using Photobase Generator (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhotolithographic Micropatterning of an Electroluminescent Polymer Using Photobase GeneratorSang Kyun Lee, Byung-Jun Jung, Taek Ahn, Insung Song, and Hong-Ku ShimView Author Information Center for Advanced Functional Polymers, Department of Chemistry and School of Molecular Science (BK21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea, and Electronic Material Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, PO Box 111, Suwon 440-600, Korea Cite this: Macromolecules 2003, 36, 24, 9252–9256Publication Date (Web):November 1, 2003Publication History Received3 July 2003Revised19 September 2003Published online1 November 2003Published inissue 1 December 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma034928yhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma034928ybrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views688Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Conjugated polymers,Diodes,Layers,Organic compounds,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Caliban: Accurate cell tracking and lineage construction in live-cell imaging experiments with deep learning (2019)

Abstract While live-cell imaging is a powerful approach to studying the dynamics of cellular systems, converting these imaging data into quantitative, single-cell records of cellular behavior has been a longstanding challenge. Deep learning methods have proven capable of performing cell segmentation—a critical task for analyzing live-cell imaging data—but their performance in cell tracking has been limited by a lack of dynamic datasets with temporally consistent single-cell labels. We bridge this gap through the integrated development of labeling and deep learning methodology. We present a new framework for scalable, human-in-the-loop labeling of live-cell imaging movies, which we use to label a large collection of movies of fluorescently labeled cell nuclei. We use these data to create a new deep-learning-based cell-tracking method that achieves state-of-the-art performance in cell tracking. We have made all of the data, code, and software publicly available with permissive open-source licensing through the DeepCell project’s web portal https://deepcell.org .
Atomic inner-shell level energies determined by absorption spectrometry with synchrotron radiation (1980)

Absolute energies of the $\mathrm{Ar}K$, $\mathrm{Kr}K$, and $\mathrm{Xe}{L}_{1}$, ${L}_{2}$, and ${L}_{3}$ levels have been determined from absorption edges measured with synchrotron radiation. The double-crystal x-ray monochromator was calibrated by a method that ties the energy scale directly to the crystal lattice constant and $\mathrm{hc}$. Theoretical model spectra were constructed from \ensuremath{\ge} 4 Lorentzians representing the lowest-energy one-electron electric-dipole transitions to bound excited states, and an arc tangent representing transitions to higher bound states and to the continuum. The transition energies were found by minimizing ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}$ for the fit of the theoretical spectrum shape to the data. Energy differences from optical spectral series were used to relate the excited-state energies to the vacuum level. Results are compared with earlier measurements and with theory.
Real-time dosimetry for boron neutron-capture therapy (1995)

Epithermal/thermal boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising treatment method for malignant tumors. Because the doses and dose rates for medical therapeutic radiation are very close to the normal tissue tolerance, small errors in radiation delivery can result in harmful overdoses. A substantial need exists for a device that will monitor, in real time, the radiation dose being delivered to a patient. Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has developed a scintillating glass optical fiber that is sensitive to thermal neutrons. The small size of the fibers offers the possibility of in vivo dose monitoring at several points within the radiation field. The count rate of such detectors may approach 10 MHz because the lifetime of the cerium activator is fast. Fluxes typical of those in BNCT (i.e., 10/sup 9/ n/cm/sup 2//sec) may be measured with a single fiber because of this potentially high count rate and the small diameter of the fiber.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Video Completion for Perspective Camera Under Constrained Motion (2006)

This paper presents a novel technique to fill in missing background and moving foreground of a video captured by a static or moving camera. Different from previous efforts which are typically based on processing in the 3D data volume, we slice the volume along the motion manifold of the moving object, and therefore reduce the search space from 3D to 2D, while still preserve the spatial and temporal coherence. In addition to the computational efficiency, based on geometric video analysis, the proposed approach is also able to handle real videos under perspective distortion, as well as common camera motions, such as panning, tilting, and zooming. The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm performs comparably to 3D search based methods, and however extends the current state-of-the-art repairing techniques to videos with projective effects, as well as illumination changes
Angiogenesis in osteoarthritis (2008)

Molecular mechanisms and consequences of angiogenesis in osteoarthritis are slowly being elucidated. Studies, both in humans and animal models, support the notion that inhibiting angiogenesis will provide effective therapeutic strategies for treating osteoarthritis. Better techniques that can more precisely visualize the vascular changes of the whole joint can further enhance our understanding of osteoarthritis, and can provide proof of concept and early evidence of efficacy in trials of novel therapeutic interventions.
The Rb Pathway and Cancer Therapeutics (2009)

The retinoblastoma gene, Rb, was originally identified as the tumor suppressor gene mutated in a rare childhood cancer called retinoblastoma (reviewed in [1]). Subsequent studies showed that Rb functions in a pathway that is often functionally inactivated in a large majority of human cancers. Interestingly, recent studies showed that in certain types of cancers, Rb function is actually required for cancer development. The intimate link between the Rb pathway and cancer development suggests that the status of Rb activity can potentially be used to develop targeted therapy. However, a prerequisite will be to understand the role of Rb and its interaction with other signaling pathways in cancer development. In this review, we will discuss the roles of Rb in proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation by reviewing the recent findings in both mammalian systems and different model organisms. In addition, we will discuss strategies that can be employed that specifically target cancer cells based on the status of the Rb pathway.
Find me if you can (2008)

Selecting relevant people is crucial for collaborative systems exploiting other users' experiences. With the new developments of the Web and ubiquitous technologies, various user data may support people selection. Given the wide range of user data sources, the question is now how to select appropriate users meeting the information seeker's goal. We propose recommendations for the design of people search interfaces, providing an overview of the user data and tools of relevance and two examples of how such recommendations can be met in one single interface, ensuring the selection of appropriate and reachable people. We also show applications of people search interfaces in different scenarios.
Cellular origin and differentiation of renal carcinomas. A fluorescence microscopic study with kidney-specific antibodies, antiintermediate filament antibodies, and lectins. (1983)

Frozen sections of human renal carcinomas were studied in indirect immunofluorescence using antibodies against intermediate filaments of cytokeratin, desmin and vimentin type, and against proximal tubular brush border and distal tubular Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein antigens, as well as with fluorochrome-labeled lectins in an attempt to study the origin and stage of differentiation of renal carcinomas. Eighty per cent of the renal carcinomas expressed the brush border antigens, whereas the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein could not be found. Antibodies against epidermal cytokeratins reacted only with collecting ducts in normal kidney, whereas antibodies against cytokeratins of Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cell line also reacted with glomerular and tubular epithelium. In 93% of the carcinomas tumor cells showed reactivity with both types of antikeratin antibodies. Vimentin, the cytoskeletal protein of mesenchymal cells, was present in the carcinoma cells of 53% of the tumors, although it was not present in normal tubular epithelium. Moreover, vimentin was expressed together with cytokeratin in the carcinoma cells in 57% of the keratin-positive samples as judged by double immunostaining, whereas the muscle type of intermediate filament protein, desmin, was not seen in the malignant cells. Binding sites for Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin and soybean agglutinin, normally present in the cells of proximal tubules, were lacking or only faintly detectable in the neoplastic cells. Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, normally present in collecting ducts, was not detected in the tumors. The results show that most renal carcinomas express cytokeratin antigens as a sign of their epithelial origin and also show characteristics of proximal tubular cells. On the other hand, the results indicate that lectin-binding sites typical for normal differentiated tubular cells are profoundly modified in renal carcinomas. Ulex europaeus agglutinin did not bind to the malignant cells but decorated the endothelial cells of the tumors.
On the gain and beamwidth of directional antennas (1958)

A formula is given for the maximum gain of a class of antennas having fields expressible as a finite number of spherical wave functions. This maximum gain can be achieved for arbitrarily polarized radiation fields, and it can be related to antenna size by requiring the near fields to be small in magnitude. Also, the radiation field is in the form of a polynomial, so that patterns optimum in the Tchebycheff sense can be defined. Formulas for the relationship of beamwidth to sidelobe level are given.
UPLC-QTOF MS-Based Serum Metabolomic Profiling Analysis Reveals the Molecular Perturbations Underlying Uremic Pruritus (2018)

As one of the most troublesome complications in patients with chronic renal disease, the etiology of uremic pruritus remains unknown, and the current therapeutic approaches are limited and unsatisfactory. To identify potential biomarkers for improving diagnosis and treatment and obtain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus, we compared serum metabolome profiles of severe uremic pruritus (HUP) patients with mild uremic pruritus (LUP) patients using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the metabolic profiles of HUP patients are distinguishable from those of LUP patients. Combining multivariate with univariate analysis, 22 significantly different metabolites between HUP and LUP patients were identified. Nine of the 22 metabolites in combination were characterized by a maximum area-under-receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC = 0.899) with a sensitivity of 85.1% and a specificity of 83.0% distinguishing HUP and LUP. Our results indicate that serum metabolome profiling might serve as a promising approach for the diagnosis of uremic pruritus and that the identified biomarkers may improve the understanding of pathophysiology of this disorder. Because the 9 metabolites were phospholipids, uremic toxins, and steroids, further studies may reveal their possible role in the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus.
The Proteasome Subunit, C2, Contains an Important Site for Binding of the PA28 (11S) Activator (1996)

The PA28, or 11S regulatory complex, stimulates the peptidase activities of the 20S proteasome. Monoclonal antibodies were screened for their ability to inhibit the activation by PA28 of proteasomes from rabbit reticulocytes. We identified one antibody that inhibited proteasome activation by PA28 and dissociated formed proteasome-PA28 complexes. A fourfold molar excess of antibody to proteasome markedly reduced the PA28 activation of three peptidase activities. Examination of proteasome-antibody mixtures by electron microscopy revealed that the antibody formed chains of proteasomes, and digital image analysis of individual proteasomes demonstrated that the antibody binds to the outer alpha rings. This antibody recognizes proteasome subunit C2, which we conclude contains an important contact site for the PA28 activator. However, the antibody did not block proteasome activation by PA700, or 19S regulator, which also associates with the alpha rings. Thus, these two regulators appear to bind to the proteasome at different sites.