gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling light scattering from Diesel soot particles (2004)

The Mie model is widely used to analyze light scattering from particulate aerosols. The Diesel particle scatterometer, for example, determines the size and optical properties of Diesel exhaust particles that are characterized by the measurement of three angle-dependent elements of the Mueller scattering matrix. These elements are then fitted by Mie calculations with a Levenburg-Marquardt optimization program. This approach has achieved good fits for most experimental data. However, in many cases, the predicted complex index of refraction was smaller than that for solid carbon. To understand this result and explain the experimental data, we present an assessment of the Mie model by use of a light-scattering model based on the coupled-dipole approximation. The results indicate that the Mie calculation can be used to determine the largest dimension of irregularly shaped particles at sizes characteristic of Diesel soot and, for particles of known refractive index, tables can be constructed to determine the average porosity of the particles from the predicted index of refraction.
The Transmembrane Domain of Receptor-Activity-Modifying Protein 1 Is Essential for the Functional Expression of a Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor (2002)

Three receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMP) define specific interactions between calcitonin (CT) gene-related peptide (CGRP), adrenomedullin (AM) and amylin, and a CT receptor or a CT receptor-like receptor (CRLR). Both form heterodimeric RAMP/receptor complexes at the cell surface. This association represents a novel principle of G protein-coupled receptor function. RAMP1 is transported to the cell surface together with the CRLR or the CT receptor. Here, we have investigated the functional relevance of the short C-terminal intracellular tail QSKRTEGIV and of the single transmembrane domain of human (h) RAMP1 for their interactions with the hCRLR to constitute a CGRP receptor. To this end, hRAMP1 has been sequentially truncated from the C-terminus, and [(125)I]h alpha CGRP/hRAMP1/hCRLR association at the cell surface and cAMP accumulation in response to h alpha CGRP have been examined. With the C-terminal truncation of hRAMP1 by four amino acids wild-type hRAMP1 function was maintained, and the hCRLR was required for the transport of hRAMP1 to the cell surface. Further truncation of hRAMP1 through removal of the remaining five intracellular amino acids revealed CRLR-independent cell surface delivery but otherwise normal hRAMP1 activity. Sequential shortening of the hRAMP1 transmembrane domain resulted in progressively impaired association with the hCRLR and, as a consequence, abolished CGRP receptor function. In conclusion, the intracellular QSKRT sequence adjacent to the transmembrane domain of hRAMP1 provides a signal for intracellular retention. The sequence is unrelated to consensus endoplasmic reticulum retention/retrieval motives and overridden by the presence of the hCRLR. The entire single transmembrane domain of hRAMP1 together with one hydrophilic amino acid residue at its C-terminus is required for the formation of a fully functional CGRP/hRAMP1/hCRLR receptor complex.
Constrained Shortest Path First (2010)

Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF) is an advanced version of
shortest path algorithms used in OSPF and IS-IS route computations. It
is used in computing shortest path for label-switched paths (LSPs)
based upon multiple constraints. While computing path for LSPs it
considers topology of network, attributes of LSP and links. The path
is computed using traffic engineering database which takes the
extensions of OSPF(open shortest path first) and IS-IS (Intermediate
system to Intermediate system) as input.
Oral Health Knowledge and Behaviors among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (2010)

Early onset and more advanced periodontal disease has been reported for children with diabetes. We surveyed oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among adolescents with diabetes in order to inform potential intervention strategies. Study subjects were youth (ages 12-19 years) with type 1 diabetes (N = 90) participating in a cohort study investigating determinants of periodontal disease at a regional pediatric diabetes specialty clinic. Over 90% of the youth had been instructed on how to brush and floss and had preventive dental care in the past year. However, 44% knew that periodontal disease is associated with diabetes and 32% knew that it can start in childhood with bleeding gums. Despite being at high risk for developing periodontal disease, the mean toothbrushing frequency was once per day and 42% did not floss. Significant opportunity exists for improving periodontal disease knowledge and adoption of preventive oral hygiene behaviors in adolescents with diabetes.
Face alignment using statistical models and wavelet features (2003)

Active shape model (ASM) is a powerful statistical tool for face alignment by shape. However, it can suffer from changes in illumination and facial expression changes, and local minima in optimization. In this paper, we present a method, W-ASM, in which Gabor wavelet features are used for modeling local image structure. The magnitude and phase of Gabor features contain rich information about the local structural features of face images to be aligned, and provide accurate guidance for search. To a large extent, this repairs defects in gray scale based search. An E-M algorithm is used to model the Gabor feature distribution, and a coarse-to-fine grained search is used to position local features in the image. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of W-ASM to accurately align and locate facial features.
1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km (2012)

We demonstrate a record QAM multiplicity of 1024 levels in a single-carrier coherent transmission. A frequency-domain equalization technique and a back-propagation method are adopted to compensate for distortions caused by hardware imperfections and fiber impairments, respectively. As a result, 60 Gbit/s polarization-multiplexed transmission over 150-km has been achieved at 3 Gsymbol/s within an optical bandwidth of only 4.05 GHz.
Construction of Large-Volume Monolithic Columns (2000)

Monolithic supports have become the subject of extensive study in the past years. Despite their advantageous features and many successful chromatographic applications in the analytical scale, only a very few examples of larger volume monoliths were described. In the case of GMA−EDMA monoliths, this can be attributed to the fact that due to the exothermic polymerization a pronounced temperature increase inside the monolith significantly affects the structure. The temperature increase depends on the thickness of the monolith, and consequently, there is an upper limit that allows the preparation of a unit with a uniform structure. In the present work, we have analyzed a heat release during the polymerization and have derived a mathematical model for the prediction of the maximal thickness of the monolithic annulus having a uniform structure. On the basis of the calculations, two annuluses of different diameters were polymerized and merged into a single monolithic unit with a volume of 80 mL. In addition, a special housing was designed to provide a uniform flow distribution in the radial direction over the entire monolith bed. It was shown that such a monolithic column exhibits flow-independent separation efficiency and dynamic binding capacity up to flow rates higher than 100 mL/min. The separation and loading times are in the range of a few minutes. The pressure drop on the column is linearly dependent on the flow rate and does not exceed 2.5 MPa at a flow rate of 250 mL/min.
Distributed Array Radar (1983)

Distributed array radar (DAR) is a concept for efficiently accomplishing surveillance and tracking using coherently internetted mini-radars. They form a long baseline, very thinned array and are capable of very accurate location of targets. This paper describes the DAR concept. Factors involving two-way effective gain patterns for deterministic and random DAR arrays are analyzed and discussed. An analysis of factors affecting signal-to-noise ratio is presented and key technical and performance issues are briefly summarized.
Learning a High Fidelity Pose Invariant Model for High-resolution Face\n Frontalization (2018)

Face frontalization refers to the process of synthesizing the frontal view of\na face from a given profile. Due to self-occlusion and appearance distortion in\nthe wild, it is extremely challenging to recover faithful results and preserve\ntexture details in a high-resolution. This paper proposes a High Fidelity Pose\nInvariant Model (HF-PIM) to produce photographic and identity-preserving\nresults. HF-PIM frontalizes the profiles through a novel texture warping\nprocedure and leverages a dense correspondence field to bind the 2D and 3D\nsurface spaces. We decompose the prerequisite of warping into dense\ncorrespondence field estimation and facial texture map recovering, which are\nboth well addressed by deep networks. Different from those reconstruction\nmethods relying on 3D data, we also propose Adversarial Residual Dictionary\nLearning (ARDL) to supervise facial texture map recovering with only monocular\nimages. Exhaustive experiments on both controlled and uncontrolled environments\ndemonstrate that the proposed method not only boosts the performance of\npose-invariant face recognition but also dramatically improves high-resolution\nfrontalization appearances.\n
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Solid-State Topochemical Polymerization of S<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub> (2013)

Molecular dynamics simulations of the solid-state topochemical polymerization of four-membered S2N2 rings to (SN)x have been presented by involving DFT methods and periodic functions. Isotropic pressure compression and a slightly elevated temperature have been applied to lower the activation barriers and to increase the rate of the reaction to be within the framework of MD simulations. The polymer formation is initiated by the cleavage of one bond in one S2N2 ring with a virtually instantaneous attack of the fragment thus formed on the neighboring ring. The energetically most-favored reaction then quickly propagates along a axis throughout the lattice. The structures of the polymer chains are in good agreement with that observed experimentally in the crystal structure determination, but there is less long-range order between the neighboring chains. Upon polymerization the packing of the molecules changes from the herringbone structure of the S2N2 lattice to a layered structure in the (SN)x lattice. While not the same, the simulated and experimental packing changes bear a qualitative similarity. The simulated polymerization was also observed to propagate along c axis in addition to a axis, but these side effects generally disappear toward the end of the simulations. In some cases, the polymers propagating simultaneously in both a and c axis directions persist at the end of the simulation resulting in a complicated network of sulfur-nitrogen chains. This finds experimental support in the observation of several polymorphs (SN)x with severe disorder in the lattice.
Thrombospondin-1 in Von Willebrand Factor Function (2008)

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), expressed in many cells and tissues is abundantly present in platelet alpha-granules, from where it is released upon platelet activation. Murine Tsp1(-/-) platelet studies have revealed that TSP1 is redundant for platelet aggregation, but that it reinforces platelet aggregate stabilization, especially in a shear field. von Willebrand factor (VWF), synthesized by megakaryocytes and endothelial cells is stored both in platelet alpha-granules and in endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies as ultralarge multimers. When released from endothelial cells, these multimers are temporarily retained on the endothelium, to be cleaved by the plasma protease ADAMTS13 into smaller and hemostatically less reactive multimers, released in plasma. This protease shows partial sequence identity with the type 1 (TSR1) and type 2 (TSR2) repeats of TSP1 and contains 1 TSR1 and 6 TSR2 repeats. TSP1, locally released by platelets, competes with ADAMTS13 during VWF proteolysis and controls the degree of VWF multimer processing. In addition, TSP1 and VWF both interact with the platelet GPIb/V/IX membrane complex, primarily in flow. These interactions control the recruitment of platelets to (sub) endothelial VWF and TSP1, exposed to the circulation, as a consequence of vascular inflammation and endothelial injury. TSP1-VWF interactions do not strictly enhance platelet recruitment and secreted TSP1 even weakly competes with the dynamic platelet rolling and adhesion onto VWF. Hence, TSP1 and VWF show partially related hemostatic functions, the most important one being the TSP1 role in the ADAMTS13 operated VWF multimer processing, in pro-inflammatory and thrombogenic conditions.
QoS-, Queue-and Channel-Aware Packet Scheduling for Multimedia Services in Multiuser SDMA/TDMA Wireless Systems (2008)

With the growing demand for wireless multimedia services and continuing emergence of new multimedia applications, it is necessary for the network to provide various levels of quality of service (QoS) while maximizing the utilization of channel resources. This paper presents an adaptive queuing model and a novel cross-layer packet scheduling algorithm for providing differentiated QoS and effective channel utilization in a space-division-multiple-access/time-division-multiple-access (SDMA/TDMA) system. At the medium access control (MAC) layer, we take into consideration the heterogeneous and bursty nature of multimedia traffic and provide for QoS requirements. At the physical (PHY) layer, we exploit the randomness of the physical channel by incorporating opportunistic scheduling and adopting adaptive modulation and coding (AMC). Performance results obtained by simulations show that by employing the proposed queuing model and packet scheduling algorithm, the system is able to provide for diverse QoS and achieve high throughput.
DETERMINATION OF INTERFACIAL TENSIONS, CONTACT ANGLES, AND DISPERSION FORCES IN SURFACES BY ASSUMING ADDITIVITY OF INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS IN SURFACES (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDETERMINATION OF INTERFACIAL TENSIONS, CONTACT ANGLES, AND DISPERSION FORCES IN SURFACES BY ASSUMING ADDITIVITY OF INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS IN SURFACESF. M. FowkesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1962, 66, 2, 382Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100808a524https://doi.org/10.1021/j100808a524research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3397Altmetric-Citations676LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A method to detect landmark pairs accurately between intra‐patient volumetric medical images (2017)

A procedure was developed in this study to detect large number of landmark pairs accurately between two volumetric medical images. It allows a semi-automatic way to generate the ground truth landmark datasets that allow quantitatively evaluation of DIR algorithms for radiation therapy applications.
Peroxy-initiated chain degradation, crosslinking, and grafting in PP-PE blends (1998)

Polyolefines are frequently functionalized with polar monomers via peroxide-initiated grafting that starts at macroradicals. However, polyolefine macroradicals also undergo undesired secondary reactions. Polypropylene (PP) is degraded, while polyethylene (PE) is crosslinked. Mechanistically, PP radicals are split by β scission while PE radicals recombine to clusters. If these opposed tendencies can be balanced in PP–PE blends was investigated in this study. In principle, coupling of PP and PE radicals can lead to graft copolymers PE-g-PP. But the chances for graft reactions are good only in homogenous PP–PE blend melts. It is difficult to decide whether these blends are, in fact, in the melt one-phase or two-phase systems because molten PP and PE are too similar in all respects. PP–PE blends were processed with peroxide in the melt and, for comparison, also in solution. According to viscosity and gel permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry results, graft reactions occurred only in the (presumably homogeneous) blend solutions in which degradation was subdued and crosslinking prevented. In PP–PE blend melts, on the contrary, the two polymers reacted fairly independently of each other. PP was degraded, and PE crosslinked. Apparently, these blend melts, although transparent, are two-phase systems. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polm Sci 68: 2019–2028, 1998
哲学与心理学——纪念《唯物主义和经验批判主义》问世75周年 (1984)

列宁在《唯物主义和经验批判主义》一书中总结了现代自然科学材料并发展了辩证唯物主义的基本原理。书中提出了一些最基本的哲学问题:关于物质、意识、运动、空间、时间、因果关系、必然性、发展、反映、认识过程的辩证法、社会存在和社会意识的相互关系等等。列宁著作的这些方面对心理科学的历史、现状和历史命运都有直接关系。哲学史表明,原先自然哲学中的全部哲学问题都和后来(以至现在)构成心理学核心的那些问题紧密相联。直到实验心理学诞生
Accelerometer Data Analysis and Presentation Techniques (1997)

principal investigators of microgravity experiments. Principal investigators need a thorough understanding of data analysis techniques so that they can request appropriate analyses to best interpret accelerometer data. Accelerometer data sampling and filtering is introduced along with the related topics of resolution and aliasing. Specific information about the Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment and Space Acceleration Measurement System data sampling and filtering is given. Time domain data analysis techniques are discussed and example environment interpretations are made using plots of acceleration versus time, interval average acceleration versus time, interval root-mean-square acceleration versus time, trimmean acceleration versus time, quasi-steady three dimensional histograms, and prediction of quasi-steady levels at different locations. An introduction to Fourier transform theory and windowing is provided along with specific analysis techniques and data interpretations. The frequency domain analyses discussed are power spectral density versus frequency, cumulative rootmean-square acceleration versus frequency, root-mean-square acceleration versus frequency, one-third octave band root-mean-square acceleration versus frequency, and power spectral density versus
Prediction of Prostate Cancer Recurrence Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Profiles (2009)

MRI/MRSI findings and molecular markers correlated well with each other and contributed incremental value to clinical variables in predicting prostate cancer recurrence.
<i>Syzygium cumini</i> (L.) Skeels in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

Tea, extracts, solutions, and other preparations from plants with a putative antihyperglycemic effect have a worldwide utilization in the treatment of diabetes (1). Among them, the tea prepared from leaves of jambolan [ Syzygium jambos (L.) Alst or Syzyguium cumini (L.) Skeels] is largely used in our city (2) and elsewhere (3). We demonstrated that the tea and extracts from different parts of the plant had no effect in normal …
The sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine‐1‐phosphate pathway mediates COX‐2 induction and PGE <sub>2</sub> production in response to TNF‐α (2003)

In this study we addressed the role of sphingolipid metabolism in the inflammatory response. In a L929 fibroblast model, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by 4 h and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction as early as 2 h. This TNF-induced PGE2 production was inhibited by NS398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. GC-MS analysis revealed that only COX-2-generated prostanoids were produced in response to TNF, thus providing further evidence of COX-2 selectivity. As sphingolipids have been implicated in mediating several actions of TNF, their role in COX-2 induction and PGE2 production was evaluated. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) induced both COX-2 and PGE2 in a dose-responsive manner with an apparent ED50 of 100-300 nM. The related sphingolipid sphingosine also induced PGE2, though with much less efficacy. TNF induced a 3.5-fold increase in sphingosine-1-phosphate levels at 10 min that rapidly returned to baseline by 40 min. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against mouse SK1 decreased (typically by 80%) SK1 protein and inhibited TNF-induced SK activity. Treatment of cells with RNAi to SK1 but not SK2 almost completely abolished the ability of TNF to induce COX-2 or generate PGE2. By contrast, cells treated with RNAi to S1P lyase or S1P phosphatase enhanced COX-2 induction leading to enhanced generation of PGE2. Treatment with SK1 RNAi also abolished the effects of exogenous sphingosine and ceramide on PGE2, revealing that the action of sphingosine and ceramide are due to intracellular metabolism into S1P. Collectively, these results provide novel evidence that SK1 and S1P are necessary for TNF to induce COX-2 and PGE2 production. Based on these findings, this study indicates that SK1 and S1P could be implicated in pathological inflammatory disorders and cancer.