gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of B-Raf Kinase Activity by Tuberin and Rheb Is Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)-independent (2004)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a tumor suppressor gene syndrome with manifestations that can include seizures, mental retardation, autism, and tumors in the brain, retina, kidney, heart, and skin. The products of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, hamartin and tuberin, respectively, heterodimerize and inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We found that tuberin expression increases p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation and B-Raf kinase activity. Short interfering RNA down-regulation of tuberin decreased the p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation and B-Raf activity. Expression of Rheb, the target of the GTPase-activating domain of tuberin, inhibited wild-type B-Raf kinase but not activated forms of B-Raf. The interaction of endogenous Rheb with B-Raf was enhanced by serum and by Ras overexpression. A farnesylation-defective mutant of Rheb co-immunoprecipitated with and inhibited B-Raf but did not activate ribosomal protein S6 kinase, indicating that farnesylation is not required for B-Raf inhibition by Rheb and that B-Raf inhibition and S6 kinase activation are separable activities of Rheb. Consistent with this, inhibition of B-Raf and p42/44 MAPK by Rheb was resistant to rapamycin in contrast to Rheb activation of S6 kinase, which is rapamycin-sensitive. Taken together these data demonstrate that inhibition of B-Raf kinase via Rheb is an mTOR-independent function of tuberin.
Regulation of PAR-1 in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: effects of unfractionated heparin and bivalirudin (2009)

Aims We examined the specific effects of unfractionated heparin and bivalirudin on thrombin-inducible platelet PAR-1 in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and results To simulate in vivo conditions that may precipitate a bleeding event, we added thrombin in vitro to blood samples from 89 patients who had been randomly assigned to receive heparin or bivalirudin for elective PCI and examined thrombin-inducible PAR-1 expression. Thrombin-inducible cleavage of PAR-1 was inhibited by heparin, but not affected by bivalirudin (P = 0.0001). Further, PAR-1 internalization was more effectively inhibited by heparin than bivalirudin (P = 0.002). Conclusion Heparin has stronger inhibitory effects on thrombin-dependent PAR-1 cleavage and internalization, thus providing a biological explanation for lower clinical bleeding rates with bivalirudin.
Part Build Orientation Optimization and Neural Network-Based Geometry Compensation for Additive Manufacturing Process (2017)

Significant advancements in the field of additive manufacturing (AM) have increased the popularity of AM in mainstream industries. The dimensional accuracy and surface finish of parts manufactured using AM depend on the AM process and the accompanying process parameters. Part build orientation is one of the most critical process parameters, since it has a direct impact on the part quality measurement metrics such as cusp error, manufacturability concerns for geometric features such as thin regions and small fusible openings, and support structure parameters. In conjunction with the build orientation, the cyclic heating and cooling of the material involved in the AM processes lead to nonuniform deformations throughout the part. These factors cumulatively affect the design conformity, surface finish, and the postprocessing requirements of the manufactured parts. In this paper, a two-step part build orientation optimization and thermal compensation methodology is presented to minimize the geometric inaccuracies resulting in the part during the AM process. In the first step, a weighted optimization model is used to determine the optimal build orientation for a part with respect to the aforementioned part quality and manufacturability metrics. In the second step, a novel artificial neural network (ANN)-based geometric compensation methodology is used on the part in its optimal orientation to make appropriate geometric modifications to counteract the thermal effects resulting from the AM process. The effectiveness of this compensation is assessed on an example part using a new point cloud to part conformity metric and shows significant improvements in the manufactured part's geometric accuracy.
Internal friction in solids (1940)

The various causes of internal friction in solids are discussed. Internal friction depends in general on thermal currents which occur owing both to the inhomogeneous strains set up by the vibrations in the solid, and to the variations in the elastic constants from point to point in polycrystalline materials. The influence of ferromagnetism also is considered.
Large optical photon sieve (2005)

A photon sieve with 10(7) holes has been constructed for operation at optical wavelengths. Details of the design, fabrication, and performance of this device are presented. The 1 m focal-length, 0.1 m diameter element is diffraction limited over a significant bandwidth and has a moderate field of view.
POST: A secure, resilient, cooperative messaging system (2003)

POST is a decentralized messaging infrastructure that supports a wide range of collaborative applications, including electronic mail, instant messaging, chat, news, shared calendars and whiteboards. POST is highly resilient, secure, scalable and does not rely on dedicated servers. Instead, POST is built upon a peer-to-peer (p2p) overlay network, consisting of participants&apos; desktop computers. POST offers three simple and general services, namely (i) secure, single-copy message storage, (ii) metadata based on single-writer logs, and (iii) event notification. We sketch POST&apos;s basic messaging infrastructure and show how POST can be used to construct a cooperative, secure email service called ePOST.
Application of a Propionyl Coenzyme A Synthetase for Poly(3-Hydroxypropionate- <i>co</i> -3-Hydroxybutyrate) Accumulation in Recombinant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

The genetic operon for propionic acid degradation in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium contains an open reading frame designated prpE which encodes a propionyl coenzyme A (propionyl-CoA) synthetase (A. R. Horswill and J. C. Escalante-Semerena, Microbiology 145:1381-1388, 1999). In this paper we report the cloning of prpE by PCR, its overexpression in Escherichia coli, and the substrate specificity of the enzyme. When propionate was utilized as the substrate for PrpE, a K(m) of 50 microM and a specific activity of 120 micromol. min(-1). mg(-1) were found at the saturating substrate concentration. PrpE also activated acetate, 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), and butyrate to their corresponding coenzyme A esters but did so much less efficiently than propionate. When prpE was coexpressed with the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthetic genes from Ralstonia eutropha in recombinant E. coli, a PHA copolymer containing 3HP units accumulated when 3HP was supplied with the growth medium. To compare the utility of acyl-CoA synthetases to that of an acyl-CoA transferase for PHA production, PHA-producing recombinant strains were constructed to coexpress the PHA biosynthetic genes with prpE, with acoE (an acetyl-CoA synthetase gene from R. eutropha [H. Priefert and A. Steinbüchel, J. Bacteriol. 174:6590-6599, 1992]), or with orfZ (an acetyl-CoA:4-hydroxybutyrate-CoA transferase gene from Clostridium propionicum [H. E. Valentin, S. Reiser, and K. J. Gruys, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 67:291-299, 2000]). Of the three enzymes, PrpE and OrfZ enabled similar levels of 3HP incorporation into PHA, whereas AcoE was significantly less effective in this capacity.
Combining multiple iris texture features for unconstrained recognition in visible wavelengths (2017)

Recognizing individuals in unconstrained environments without their cooperation, e.g. based on surveillance imagery, represents an active field of research. Non-cooperative iris recognition based on images captured at visible wavelength (VW) represents an extremely challenging task. To enhance the reliability of recognition systems using VW iris images, and to enable their use in forensic applications, state-of-the-art approaches additionally employ periocular information surrounding the eye. Hence, a fusion of information obtained from multiple biometric characteristics is vital in scenarios where the quality of biometric samples is severely affected by numerous factors. In this paper, we investigate the potential of a multi-algorithm fusion employing iris texture information extracted from VW iris images. Features extracted by four types of algorithms, i.e. conventional methods, keypoint-based methods, generic texture descriptors, and colour-based methods, are combined to improve the recognition accuracy. By performing a weighted score-level fusion of comparison scores obtained by four different types of feature extractors, improvements in biometric performance of 15% and 27% are achieved on subsets of the publicly available UBIRISv2 and MobBIO iris database, respectively.
Microvesicles from brain-extract—treated mesenchymal stem cells improve neurological functions in a rat model of ischemic stroke (2016)

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was reported to improve functional outcomes in a rat model of ischemic stroke, and subsequent studies suggest that MSC-derived microvesicles (MVs) can replace the beneficial effects of MSCs. Here, we evaluated three different MSC-derived MVs, including MVs from untreated MSCs (MSC-MVs), MVs from MSCs treated with normal rat brain extract (NBE-MSC-MVs), and MVs from MSCs treated with stroke-injured rat brain extract (SBE-MSC-MVs), and tested their effects on ischemic brain injury induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats. NBE-MSC-MVs and SBE-MSC-MVs had significantly greater efficacy than MSC-MVs for ameliorating ischemic brain injury with improved functional recovery. We found similar profiles of key signalling proteins in NBE-MSC-MVs and SBE-MSC-MVs, which account for their similar therapeutic efficacies. Immunohistochemical analyses suggest that brain-extract-treated MSC-MVs reduce inflammation, enhance angiogenesis, and increase endogenous neurogenesis in the rat brain. We performed mass spectrometry proteomic analyses and found that the total proteomes of brain-extract-treated MSC-MVs are highly enriched for known vesicular proteins. Notably, MSC-MV proteins upregulated by brain extracts tend to be modular for tissue repair pathways. We suggest that MSC-MV proteins stimulated by the brain microenvironment are paracrine effectors that enhance MSC therapy for stroke injury.
Inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway Can Mobilize the Immune System: An Innovative Potential Therapy for Cancer and Chronic Infections (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTInhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway Can Mobilize the Immune System: An Innovative Potential Therapy for Cancer and Chronic InfectionsAhmed F. Abdel-Magid*View Author Information Therachem Research Medilab (India) Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur, India*Address: 1383 Jasper Drive, Ambler, Pennsylvania 19002, United States. Tel: 215-913-7202. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 5, 489–490Publication Date (Web):April 14, 2015Publication History Received9 April 2015Published online14 April 2015Published inissue 14 May 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00148https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00148editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3962Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (243 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Cancer,Cancer therapy,Cells,Immunology,Infectious diseases Get e-Alerts
Campylobacter pyloridis gastritis I: Detection of urease as a marker of bacterial colonization and gastritis. (1987)

A method to detect the presence of Campylobacter pyloridis in dyspeptic patients is described. The test procedure involves placing a gastric pinch biopsy into a small amount of a solution containing urea and a pH indicator in the well of a microtiter tray. The method depends on the ability of C. pyloridis to hydrolyse urea and release an alkaline product (ammonia). The "microtiter biopsy urease test" is 100% specific for C. pyloridis and has a 91% sensitivity after 18 h reaction time. Seventy-five percent of positive biopsies had a reaction time of less than 1 h. The test may be used to predict the presence of antral gastritis; as well as marking the presence of the bacterium; with a positive predictive value of 96% and a negative predictive value of 73%. There was a positive correlation between the biopsy urease test results and the grades of both chronic and active antral gastritis. This test is simple and can be performed in the endoscopy clinic as the formulation of the reagent obviates the need for aseptic techniques.
Linking behaviour and physiology of female bonobos (Pan paniscus) (2005)

The present study investigates sexual behaviour and the importance of dominance in female bonobos. Detailed behavioural studies were carried out on four mixed-sex captive bonobo groups; morphological data and faecal samples were collected to allow non-invasive assessment of physiological parameters. First, I addressed the background for the variability in patterns of menstrual and swelling cycles in bonobos. The duration of menstrual intervals was influenced by reproductive history. Menstrual cycles and phases of maximum tumescence of the sexual swelling lasted longer in lactating females. Parity did not influence cycle patterns. Further, the variability of the duration of intermenstrual intervals was found to be mainly caused by variability in follicular phase length. The luteal phase, contrastingly, was much less variable and did not influence the length of intermenstrual intervals. This raises the question whether sexual swellings serve as a reliable indicator of ovulation in bonobos. Hormone analyses showed that the day of ovulation could not be predicted from the onset of maximum tumescence. Also detumescence of the swelling was no clear sign that ovulation had occurred. Nonetheless, sexual interactions were found to vary according to the degree of tumescence, being most frequent at maximum tumescence. The frequency of sexual interactions did not change in the peri-ovulatory phase and no difference between was seen between follicular and luteal phase. This indicates that sexual swellings are not a reliable signal of ovulation. Rather, they could be a graded signal that advertises the probability of ovulation which allows females to follow a mixed strategy of confusing and biasing paternity. Next, the context and function of same-sex sexual interactions among female bonobos were investigated. Genital rubbing took place more often between non-related than between related females. Females were able to get hold of and defend monopolisable food items without the help of other females in feeding experiments. No relationship between genital rubbing and food sharing was found and no female-female coalitions were formed during these experiments. Interventions in conflicts outside the feeding experiments were observed mainly in heterosexual conflicts but females supported each other irrespective of preferences for genital rubbing. The frequency of genital rubbing did not vary in dependence of the degree of genital swelling and the solicitation of genital rubbing was not asymmetric in dependence of the relative degree of swelling of the two partners. The degree of tumescence did not influence the frequency of received or overall aggression for a female. Although most female dyads were involved in same-sex conflicts, genital rubbing was observed in less than half of the dyads after the conflict. No increase of gg rubbing occurred 15 minutes after a conflict compared to 15 minutes before. High-ranking females took the male position during genital rubbing significantly more often than low ranking ones. The direction of…
Associative hierarchical CRFs for object class image segmentation (2009)

Most methods for object class segmentation are formulated as a labelling problem over a single choice of quantisation of an image space - pixels, segments or group of segments. It is well known that each quantisation has its fair share of pros and cons; and the existence of a common optimal quantisation level suitable for all object categories is highly unlikely. Motivated by this observation, we propose a hierarchical random field model, that allows integration of features computed at different levels of the quantisation hierarchy. MAP inference in this model can be performed efficiently using powerful graph cut based move making algorithms. Our framework generalises much of the previous work based on pixels or segments. We evaluate its efficiency on some of the most challenging data-sets for object class segmentation, and show it obtains state-of-the-art results.
Instance-level access control for business-to-business electronic commerce (2002)

The emergence of e-marketplace Web sites that contain proprietary information from multiple organizations requires the creation of new access control schemes that provide fine-grained access control while reducing both administrative and run-time overhead. It is also desirable to have clear, concise, and easily configurable definitions of access control policies that are aligned with business processes, and to have these policies enforced consistently throughout an e-commerce system. In this paper, we describe a policy-based access control scheme, and its implementation, that allows access to individual instances of resources to be specified in a concise and computationally efficient manner. We model business relationships between users and business objects and use implicit grouping of users and resources. These concepts allow policies to refer efficiently to aggregates of resources and users and to document the intention of an authorization policy. Our access control scheme is implemented as an applicati on-level access control mechanism within IBM's WebSphere® Commerce Suite, Marketplace Edition. We use this implementation to provide examples and give performance data. For future work, we discuss how our policy-based, resource-level access control scheme might be enhanced to augment language-level access control schemes, such as the Java™ 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE™) security model.
Molecular and anatomic considerations in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (1999)

In spite of the recent recognition of specific genes associated with an elevated lifetime incidence risk of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms of breast tumor formation remain largely unknown. Tumorigenesis is thought to be highly complex, likely involving the accumulation of 5-10 genetic and epigenetic events. Recent investigations have begun to identify some of these events, and in vitro model systems for breast tumorigenesis, including radiation-induced breast cancer, are expected to provide further insight. Normal human breast epithelial cells exhibit a finite life span, both in vivo and in vitro. A critical event in oncogenic transformation is the ability of cells to multiply indefinitely, a phenomenon referred to as "immortalization." Using human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenes, multiple normal breast epithelial subtypes have been shown to have distinct susceptibilities to immortalization by the HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes. Because HPV E6 and E7 inactivate two well-known tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and Rb, respectively, this suggests that a cell-type-specific predominance exists with respect to these tumor suppressor pathways. Additional evidence for variability to oncogenic stimuli among normal breast epithelial cells is provided by findings of locally confined loss of heterozygosity. An in vitro model of radiation-induced breast cancer is associated with early abrogation of p53 function. The resultant pair of normal and radiation-transformed breast epithelial cells serves as a useful system to identify other genes critically relevant to breast tumorigenesis. These and other models should help further define the molecular mechanisms underlying the early steps of breast cancer formation.
Tile size selection using cache organization and data layout (1995)

When dense matrix computations are too large to fit in cache, previous research proposes tiling to reduce or eliminate capacity misses. This paper presents a new algorithm for choosing problem-size dependent tile sizes based on the cache size and cache line size for a direct-mapped cache. The algorithm eliminates both capacity and self-interference misses and reduces cross-interference misses. We measured simulated miss rates and execution times for our algorithm and two others on a variety of problem sizes and cache organizations. At higher set associativity, our algorithm does not always achieve the best performance. However on direct-mapped caches, our algorithm improves simulated miss rates and measured execution times when compared with previous work.
Anti‐Proliferative Effect of the Kinase Inhibitor K252a on Human Prostatic Carcinoma Cell Lines (1996)

Members of the K252 family of kinase inhibitors have been demonstrated to inhibit a number of neurotrophin-mediated cellular responses, and to preferentially inhibit the activity of neurotrophin receptors. In this study, we examined the effects of K252a and K252b on the growth of human prostate carcinoma cells, whose growth is, in part, mediated by a prostatic nerve growth factor(NGF)-like protein(s). K252a inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation by three androgen-independent prostate tumor cell lines (TSU-pr1, DU-145, and PC-3), under basal growth conditions, and in response to growth stimulation by human prostatic stromal (hPS) cell proteins and serum. K252b, which does not readily penetrate cell membranes, had no significant effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation by the prostate tumor cell lines. The decrease in [3H]thymidine incorporation by the cell lines in response to K252a did not appear to be the result of K252a cytotoxicity at concentrations as high as 100 nM, as measured by the Trypan blue assay for cell viability. Treatment of cells for 25 hours with 100 nM K252a resulted in accumulation of TSU-pr1, DU-145, and PC-3 cells in G0/G1, concurrent with a substantial decrease in cells synthesizing DNA. Treatment of androgen-responsive LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cells for 25 hours with 100 nM K252a also resulted in a significant decrease in DNA synthesis. Human recombinant NGF-mediated phosphorylation of a 140-kDa Trk NGF receptor in the TSU-pr1 cell line was inhibited by treatment with 100 nM K252a. Hence, K252a inhibition of Trk phosphorylation most probably contributed, in part, to the inhibition of prostate tumor cell growth in vitro. These results suggest that the mechanism of K252a action may be useful in the design of potential therapies for prostate cancer treatment.
Anderson Isabel B. — Migration à l'intérieur du Canada 1921-1961 (1969)

Lé. J. Anderson Isabel B. — Migration à l'intérieur du Canada 1921-1961. In: Population, 24ᵉ année, n°4, 1969. p. 813.