gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of metal line width on electromigration of BEOL Cu interconnects (2018)

Electromigration reliability of BEOL Cu interconnects with various metal line widths and via sizes has been studied. EM lifetime significantly improves from minimum width to three times the minimum width, and then saturates. In addition, the EM lifetime of the wide metal lines was not dependent on via size. The proposed mechanism for EM lifetime improvement is larger grains in wider lines leading to a suppression of grain boundary diffusion. Cu grain size and Cu drift velocity were correlated to the EM lifetime behavior, saturating at the same line width, and kinetic studies found activation energies consistent with grain boundary diffusion.
New UPnP service for multimedia remote sharing with IMS framework (2010)

In this paper we describe a new service that allows multimedia sharing between UPnP terminals connected to remote networks. The service grants the confidentiality of users' contents since they are still stored in the home network. Our approach uses IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) framework to establish a secure HTTP session between remote devices. A new Remote Access Application Server is deployed in the IMS network to manage users' rights to access to remote homes. In the home network we define an UPnP Reverse Proxy component to control remote users' rights to access to contents in the home network. In addition, our service ensures the QoS during contents delivery based on the QoS support in the IMS framework.
[Effect of RNA interference on CTGF expression and collagen synthesis induced by hypoxia in rat cardiac fibroblasts]. (2011)

CTGF mRNA and protein expression, CFs proliferation and collagen synthesis induced by hypoxia in CFs effectively inhibited by CTGF-ShRNA.
The Structure and Operation of a Relational Database System in a Cell-Oriented Integrated Circuit Design System (1984)

An important use for a database management system is in the storage and handling of information for engineering design, particularly integrated circuit design. However, most discussions on this topic have concentrated on the layout of shapes necessary to form the various circuit elements, or connections between user-defined cells. Equally important, but often disregarded, is the necessity to support other design tools in addition to graphics for circuit layout. These include simulators and automatic layout programs that take a description of a circuit at one level and convert it to a lower level. In addition, if cells are part of a library defined and maintained by others, operations must be included to handle the maintenance of generations or versions of a cell design. These aspects of a database management system for engineering design are discussed in light of the tools being developed at the University of Utah and an extended version of System R, developed at the IBM San Jose Research Laboratory. The Utah approach emphasizes the use of previously designed and tested cells, with interconnects at fixed locations, placed on a grid. Because it is unlikely that the designers of circuits designed all (or any) of the cells used in their circuits, special database management operations are necessary to assure that a consistent, working circuit results.
Observation of optical resonances of dielectric spheres by light scattering (1981)

Use of the wavelength and size dependence of light scattering from optically levitated liquid drops is demonstrated as a sensitive means of detecting optical resonances of dielectric spheres. High resolution spectra are presented of the radiation pressure, far- and near-field backscatter, and 90 degrees scatter. Excellent agreement is found between experimental spectra and high resolution Mie calculations of Chylek et al. Strong evidence supporting the van de Hulst dielectric surface-wave model for these resonances is presented. Use of resonances for high precision measurement of sphere size and sphere distortion, index of refraction, temperature, and vapor pressure is discussed.
The exploration in the education of professionals in applied Internet of Things Engineering (2010)

China has also entered Internet of Things time with booming development of Internet of Things industry worldwide. Numerous qualified engineering and technical professionals are the important guarantee for the rapid development of the Internet of Things. This article analyzes the present situation and development future of China's Internet of Things industry, proposes enterprises' demand on Internet of Things Engineering-majored professionals as well as the ability and quality composition of this type of professionals, demonstrates arrangements of course systems and practice parts to educate these professionals as well, and finally predicates the future of Internet of Things Engineering major and outline the direction this major moves.
COMMENTARY | Endowments and New Institutions for Long-Term Observation (2007)

Author Posting. © Oceanography Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 20, 4 (2007): 10-14.
Small Satellites: Past, Present, and Future (2009)

Small Satellites is the first book to describe the state of the art in microstats, nanostats, picostats, and CubeSats and the possible missions they can perform. More than two dozen internationally renowned contributors provide commentary on 50 years of history.
Guppy: A GPU-like soft-core processor (2012)

The popularity of GPU programming languages that explicitly express thread-level parallelism leads to the question of whether they can also be used for programming reconfigurable accelerators. This paper describes Guppy, a GPU-like softcore processor based on the in-order LEON3 core. Our long-term vision is to have a unified programming paradigm for accelerators - regardless of whether they are FPGA or GPU based. While others have explored this from a high level hardware synthesis perspective, we chose to adopt the approach of a parametrically reconfigurable softcore. We will discuss the main architecture features of Guppy, compare its performance to the original core. Our design has been synthesized on a Xilinx Virtex 5 FPGA.
Food Composition and Nutrition Tables (2024)

Mehr als 800 Lebensmittel mit über 300 Inhaltsstoffen Dieses seit mehr als sechzig Jahren unverzichtbare und stetig weiterentwickelte Standardwerk über die Zusammensetzung von Lebensmitteln wurde für die vorliegende 9. Auflage erneut komplett überarbeitet, aktualisiert und erweitert. Die Algorithmen zur Berechnung der Energiegehalte wurden den Vorgaben der Verordnung (EU) zur Information der Verbraucher über Lebensmittel angepasst. Neu in der 9. Auflage Neu aufgenommene Lebensmittel: Hartweizen | Emmer | Einkorn | Ingwer | Chia-Samen | Ackerbohne | Lupine | rote Linse Erweiterte und aktualisierte quantitative Daten: Gluten | α-Amylase-/Trypsin-Inhibitoren | Lactose | Natrium | Omega-3-Fettsäuren | Fettsäuren u. a. Das bewährte Konzept ist nicht nur auf die Bedürfnisse in der Diätetik und Ernährungsberatung abgestimmt, sondern bietet auch allen, die mit der Erzeugung, Vermarktung und Überwachung von Lebensmitteln befasst sind, schnelle und umfassende Informationen.
Impact of dietary calcium on vitamin D dietary requirements and bio-fortified food solutions for vitamin D deficiency (2016)

Recent re-evaluations of Dietary Reference Intakes/Values (DRI/DRVs) for vitamin D on either side of the Atlantic have established intake requirements at the 97.5th percentile between 10 and 20 µg/d, and between 7.5 and 10 µg/d at the 50th percentile. However, national nutrition surveys indicate that mean habitual intakes of vitamin D in young and adult populations are typically in the range 3-7 µg/d. DRV/DRIs for vitamin D are established on the premise that the needs of all other nutrients are being met, however, the US Dietary Guidelines Committee has again recently identified both vitamin D and calcium as nutrients of public health concern. Furthermore, the US-based Institute of Medicine in their DRI report on calcium and vitamin D highlighted that the relationship between habitual calcium intakes and vitamin D activation and catabolism was a key knowledge gap. Vitamin K nutritional status may also be of concern at a population level. Thus, the main objectives of this PhD thesis were i) to address key knowledge gaps in terms of calcium-vitamin D interactions in the body and how these may influence dietary vitamin D requirements, ii) to devise evidence-based and sustainable food-based solutions (particularly, bio-fortification approaches) for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency, and iii) to estimate the mean daily intake of phylloquinone and its adequacy in Irish adults. This thesis provides key new data which will be of use to various regulatory bodies in their future revisions of DRI/DRVs. In addition, considering the pressing need for creative food-based solutions to bridge the gap between current intakes and these vitamin D recommendations, the present work contributes to our understanding of bio-fortified foods, as one subset of such food-based solutions, and provides the first RCT proof of efficacy for bio-fortified eggs as an exemplar in protecting against low vitamin D status in winter.
Induction of Metastasis by S100P in a Rat Mammary Model and Its Association with Poor Survival of Breast Cancer Patients (2006)

S100P, an EF-hand calcium-binding protein, has been reported to be associated with the progression of many types of cancers. Transfection of an expression vector for S100P into a benign, nonmetastatic rat mammary cell line causes a 4- to 6-fold increase in its level in all four transformant cell clones. When the resultant transformant cell lines are introduced in turn into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic Furth-Wistar rats, there is a significant 3-fold increase in local muscle invasion and a significant induction of metastasis in 64% to 75% of tumor-bearing animals. In a group of 303 breast cancer patients followed for up to 20 years, antibodies to S100P immunocytochemically stain 161 primary tumors. Survival of patients with S100P-positive carcinomas is significantly worse by about 7-fold than for those with negatively stained carcinomas. There is also a significant association between the class level of immunocytochemical staining of the carcinoma cells and decreased patient survival. Positive staining for S100P is significantly associated with that for two other metastasis-inducing proteins, S100A4 and osteopontin. Patients with tumors that stained positively for both S100P and S100A4 have a significantly reduced survival of 1.1% over patients with either S100 protein alone. Multivariate regression analysis identifies S100P, S100A4, and osteopontin as the most significant independent indicators of death in this group of patients. These results suggest that stratification of patients into groups according to expression of multiple metastasis-inducing proteins may lead to a more accurate prediction of patient survival.
Intergeneric Coaggregation Among Human Oral Bacteria And Ecology Of Dental Plaque (1988)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Phosphoramidate ProTides of 2′-<i>C</i>-Methylguanosine as Highly Potent Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus. Study of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Properties (2010)

Hepatitis C virus infection constitutes a serious health problem in need of more effective therapies. Nucleoside analogues with improved exposure, efficacy, and selectivity are recognized as likely key components of future HCV therapy. 2'-C-Methylguanosine triphosphate has been known as a potent inhibitor of HCV RNA polymerase for some time, but the parent nucleoside is only moderately active due to poor intracellular phosphorylation. We herein report the application of phosphoramidate ProTide technology to bypass the rate-limiting initial phosphorylation of this nucleoside. Over 30 novel ProTides are reported, with variations in the aryl, ester, and amino acid regions. l-Alanine compounds are recognized as potent and selective inhibitors of HCV in replicon assay but lack rodent plasma stability despite considerable ester variation. Amino acid variation retaining the lead benzyl ester moiety gives an increase in rodent stability but at the cost of potency. Finally l-valine esters with ester variation lead to potent, stable compounds. Pharmacokinetic studies on these agents in the mouse reveal liver exposure to the bioactive triphosphate species following single oral dosing. Systemic exposure of the ProTide and parent nucleoside are low, indicating possible low toxicity in vivo, while liver concentrations of the active species may be predictive of efficacy in the clinic. This represents one of the most thorough cross-species studies of ProTides to date.
Effect of the Synbiotic (<i>B. animalis </i>spp. <i>lactis </i>Bb12 + Oligofructose) in Obese Subjects. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial (2014)

Rats fed high fat diets have alterations of their intestinal microbiota, gut barrier function, circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and glucose/insulin metabolism, resulting in a higher risk of type-2 diabetes. These deleterious effects are prevented by antibiotics or prebiotics. The aim of this study was to determine whether the administration of a synbiotic improves metabolic alterations and low grade inflammation in obese subjects. A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial (www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Access Number NCT01235026) was carried out in 40 obese patients. Subjects were distributed in two groups to receive 8g oligofructose + 1 g of lyophilized <i>Bifidobacterium lactis </i>Bb12 (1010 CFU/g) or 9g maltodextrin as placebo, twice a day for six weeks. Body composition, blood lipids, antioxidant capacity of plasma, biomarkers of inflammation (usCRP, IL-6) and LPS exposure (LPS-Binding Protein, LBP, and sCD14), areas under curves of glycemia and insulinemia and fecal microbiota (qPCR) were quantified at baseline and after treatment. 38 subjects (34.8 Â± 9.2y; BMI: 36.7 Â± 5.3 kg.m-2) completed the study. A positive correlation was observed at baseline between usCRP, IL-6, LBP, sCD14 and the percentage of body fat; correlations also existed between usCRP, IL-6 and LBP values while sCD14 only correlated with IL-6. Compared with placebo, the administration of synbiotic increased the fecal levels of <i>Bifidobacterium </i>spp. but did not affect body composition, lipid profile, antioxidant status and areas under curves of glycemia and insulinemia, nor the plasma concentrations of usCRP, IL-6 and LBP. Plasma concentrations of sCD14 were significantly lower after treatment in the symbiotic group compared with the placebo 3 group (5.98 Î¼g/ml [5.01-6.96] vs. 7.26 [6.34-8.09] Î¼g/ml (Means [CI95%), respectively; p=0.043). The synbiotic increased fecal bifidobacteria in obese subjects without improvement the biochemical, inflammatory and metabolic markers; more studies are required to elucidate the role of the symbiotic on plasma sCD14.
Abstract 2966: Preclinical combinations of the antibody-drug conjugate SGN-LIV1A with chemotherapies show increased activity (2016)

Abstract SGN-LIV1A is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) currently being evaluated in a phase 1 clinical trial for metastatic breast cancer. SGN-LIV1A consists of the microtubule disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), conjugated to the anti-LIV-1 humanized monoclonal antibody hLIV22. LIV-1, as a downstream target of STAT3, promotes the epithelial to mesenchymal transition that is important in the malignant progression to metastasis. We have previously shown that as a single agent, SGN-LIV1A displays target specific internalization and cytotoxic activity against a breast cancer cell line in vitro and also demonstrates antitumor activity in in vivo preclinical xenograft models with significant delay of tumor growth. We report here additive and synergistic effects when combining SGN-LIV1A with current chemotherapeutic modalities used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Specifically, we show synergy between SGN-LIV1A in combination with either doxorubicin or Abraxane in MCF-7 breast cancer tumor model. In addition, we show additive effects when carboplatin or protein kinase inhibitors are dosed in combination with SGN-LIV1A in this tumor model. These findings support further evaluation and development of SGN-LIV1A in combination with standard of care chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer. Citation Format: Fu Li, Martha Anderson, Joshua Hunter, Jaime Miyamoto, Michelle Ulrich, Ana Kostic, Che-Leung Law, Django Sussman. Preclinical combinations of the antibody-drug conjugate SGN-LIV1A with chemotherapies show increased activity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2966.
Schur and Levinson algorithms for nonstationary processes (2005)

It is known that a covariance matrix of a stationary discrete-time process can be uniquely characterized by a set of partial correlation coefficients (or matrices, for a vector process) which can be efficiently computed by the Levinson, or better by the Schur algorithm, each requiring O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) operations for an N×N covariance matrix. In this paper we point out that the same is true for any covariance matrix, stationary or not, but the corresponding nonstationary Levinson- and Schur-type algorithms require O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) operations which is the same amount as required by any direct method of matrix inversion. However, by introducing a classification of processes in terms of their closeness to stationarity we can obtain natural extensions of the stationary algorithms that now require only O(αN <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) operations, where α is our measure of closeness to stationarity. As in the stationary case, both algorithms can be implemented by a cascade of time-invariant ladder (or lattice) sections. Some implications for the definition of a power spectral density of α-stationary processes are also noted.
Primary and Secondary Auditory Cortex Stimulation for Intractable Tinnitus (2006)

The preliminary results of the first implantations suggest that patients with unilateral pure tone tinnitus are good surgical candidates for electrode implantation and permanent electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex, provided that the tinnitus is of recent origin and can be suppressed by TMS.
Programming with the HPC++ Parallel Standard Template Library. (1997)

We present an overview of the HPC++ Parallel Standard Template Library (PSTL), a parallel version of the C++ Standard Template Library (STL). The PSTL is part of HPC++, a C++ library and language extension framework being developed by the HPC++ consortium as a standard model for portable parallel programming in C++. The PSTL includes distributed versions of the seven STL containers (vector, list, deque, set, map, multiset, multimap), as well as parallel versions of the STL algorithms. A key component of the PSTL is the parallel iterator, which provides global access to all elements in the distributed containers and faciliates generic parallel programming. 1 Introduction Reusable software components are of primary importance for software developers. Until recently, however, C++ provided neither standard basic data structures (such as linked lists and vectors) nor algorithms. Instead, each new software project included a development phase for these basic structures. Algorithms w...
Non-invasive measurement of cardiac output in patients with chronic heart failure (2004)

This study demonstrates a correlation between the techniques but shows a poor level of agreement. The method of COTB underestimated cardiac output compared with COTD, and this difference appeared greater with higher cardiac outputs. Agreement was worse when results were expressed as change from baseline. The present study does not support the use of thoracic bioimpedance in its current form as an alternative to thermodilution in stable patients with chronic heart failure.
Percentage of free prostate-specific antigen in sera predicts aggressiveness of prostate cancer a decade before diagnosis (1997)

Objectives To evaluate serial measurements of free and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a predictor of prostate cancer aggressiveness. Methods Twenty men diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the prostate in the pre-PSA era had serum PSA measurements made on multiple stored frozen sera samples available for up to 18 years prior to diagnosis. Subjects were categorized as having aggressive cancer (n=12) based on the presence of clinical Stage T3, or nodal or bone metastases (N+, M+), or pathologic positive-margin disease, or a Gleason score of 7 or greater; nonaggressive cancer (n=8) was identified by the absence of these criteria. Results There was no statistically significant difference in free PSA levels among men with aggressive and nonaggressive prostate cancers from 0 to 15 years before diagnosis. Total PSA levels were significantly different between the groups by 5 years before diagnosis (P=0.04). At a time when total PSA levels were not different between groups (10 years before diagnosis), there was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of free PSA between aggressive and nonaggressive cancers (P=0.008). Among 14 men who had sera available for analysis at 10 years before diagnosis, all 8 men with aggressive cancers had a percent free PSA of 0.14 or less; this compares with only 2 of 6 men (33%) with nonaggressive cancer. Conclusions These data suggest that the percentage of free PSA in sera is predictive of tumor behavior at a time when total PSA levels provide no information on tumor aggressiveness. Evaluation of the percentage of free serum PSA may be helpful in making the decision between expectant management and treatment for those men who are diagnosed with early prostate cancers by PSA testing.
Parallel computation of internal and external flows using a portable message-passing harness (1993)

The computation of unsteady external aerodynamics and internal chemically reacting flows are of significant importance to a wide range of industrial disciplines. Many of the current solution techniques can be mapped onto the available range of parallel hardware. However, differences in computer hardware, e.g. distributed memory or shared memory, limited the range of architectures the codes will run on. Results for both internal and external flows using implicit and explicit techniques developed within a portable message passing harness are presented. The codes are typical of those encountered in CFD and they can be run on distributed memory machines and shared memory machines with no modifications to the grid allocation strategy. Parallel efficiencies on an Intel i860 64 node hypercube, a 32 node Kendal Square KSR-1 and a range of networked workstations are discussed.
Retrieval of the cross-spectral density propagating in free space (1999)

A technique for retrieving the cross-spectral density propagating in free space across an arbitrary plane is proposed. Theoretical descriptions are based on the propagation law of the cross-spectral density described in the Fourier domain. Results of an experiment demonstrating retrieval of the cross-spectral density across an arbitrary reference plane are also reported. The cross-spectral density in the observation area is measured by use of a wave-front-folded interferometer, and the retrieved cross-spectral densities and the intensity distribution agree well with the theoretical expectations.