gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and Some Properties of Glutamine Synthetases from Bifidobacteria (1987)

Journal Article Purification and Some Properties of Glutamine Synthetases from Bifidobacteria Get access Masayuki Hatanaka, Masayuki Hatanaka Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Takashi Tachiki, Takashi Tachiki Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ryoko Furukawa, Ryoko Furukawa Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tatsurokuro Tochikura Tatsurokuro Tochikura Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 51, Issue 2, 1 February 1987, Pages 425–433, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1987.10868070 Published: 01 February 1987 Article history Received: 08 August 1986 Published: 01 February 1987
Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Autoimmunity: Natural History, Genetic Associations, and Screening (2006)

Genetic risk for T1D overlaps with AIT, CD, and AD. Disease risk is associated with organ-specific autoantibodies, which can be used to screen subjects with T1D.
Microwave Dielectric Measurements (1947)

The method of measurement of the dielectric properties of solid dielectrics described by S. Roberts and A. von Hippel has been applied with 3-cm wave-length waves in a rectangular wave guide. In this method the dielectric sample is placed at a short circuited end of the transmission line, and the dielectric properties of the sample, calculated from the position of a minimum of the standing wave and the ratio of the minimum field strength to the maximum field strength of the standing wave. A simplified procedure for calculating the dielectric properties from the measurements is presented. Values are given of the dielectric properties of some common plastic and ceramic materials at 10-cm wave-length and 3-cm wave-length, which were measured with this method.
Purification and characterization of the thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH)‐degrading serum enzyme and its identification as a product of liver origin (2002)

Previous biochemical studies have indicated that the membrane-bound thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-degrading enzyme (TRH-DE) from brain and liver and the serum TRH-DE are derived from the same gene. These studies also suggested that the serum enzyme is of liver origin. The present study was undertaken to verify these hypotheses. In different species, a close relationship between the activities of the serum enzyme and the particulate liver enzyme was noticed. The activity of the serum enzyme decreased when rats were treated with thioacetamide, a known hepatotoxin. With hepatocytes cultured in a sandwich configuration, release of the TRH-DE into the culture medium could also be demonstrated. The trypsin-solubilized particulate liver TRH-DE and the serum TRH-DE were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Both enzymes and the brain TRH-DE were recognized by a monoclonal antibody generated with the purified brain enzyme as antigen. Lectin blot analysis indicated that the serum enzyme and the liver enzyme are glycoproteins containing a sugar structure of the complex type, whereas the brain enzyme exhibits an oligomannose/hybrid glycostructure. A molecular mass of 97 000 Da could be estimated for all three enzymes after deglycosylation and SDS/PAGE followed by Western blotting. Fragment analysis of the serum TRH-DE revealed that the peptide sequences correspond to the cDNA deduced amino-acid sequences of the membrane-bound brain TRH-DE, whereby two peptides were identified that are encoded by exon 1. These data strongly support the hypothesis that the TRH-DEs are all derived from the same gene, whereby the serum enzyme is generated by proteolytic cleavage of the particulate liver enzyme.
Comparison of Voice-Automated Transcription and Human Transcription in Generating Pathology Reports (2003)

Computer-based continuous speech-recognition systems in pathology can be successfully used in pathology practice even during the handling of gross pathology specimens. The relatively low accuracy rate of this voice-recognition software with resultant increased editing burden on pathologists may not encourage its application on a wide scale in pathology departments with sufficient human transcription services, despite significant potential financial savings. However, computer-based transcription represents an attractive and relatively inexpensive alternative to human transcription in departments where there is a shortage of transcription services, and will no doubt become more commonly used in pathology departments in the future.
Judgment of information quality and cognitive authority in the Web (2001)

Abstract In the Web, making judgments of information quality and authority is a difficult task for most users because overall, there is no quality control mechanism. This study examines the problem of the judgment of information quality and cognitive authority by observing people's searching behavior in the Web. Its purpose is to understand the various factors that influence people's judgment of quality and authority in the Web, and the effects of those judgments on selection behaviors. Fifteen scholars from diverse disciplines participated, and data were collected combining verbal protocols during the searches, search logs, and postsearch interviews. It was found that the subjects made two distinct kinds of judgment: predictive judgment, and evaluative judgment. The factors influencing each judgment of quality and authority were identified in terms of characteristics of information objects, characteristics of sources, knowledge, situation, ranking in search output, and general assumption. Implications for Web design that will effectively support people's judgments of quality and authority are also discussed.
Real-time camera position and posture estimation using a feature landmark database with priorities (2008)

In the field of computer vision, many kinds of camera parameter estimation methods have been proposed. As one of these methods, an extrinsic camera parameter estimation method that uses pre-constructed feature landmark database has been studied. In this method, extrinsic camera parameters of video images are estimated from correspondences between landmarks and image features. Although this method can work in a large outdoor environment, its computational cost in matching process is expensive and it cannot work in real-time. In this paper, to achieve real-time camera parameter estimation, the number of matching candidates are reduced by using priorities of landmarks that are determined from previously captured video sequences.
Digital terrain elevation mapping system (2002)

The Lockheed Martin Digital Terrain Elevation Mapping System (DTEMS) will be a commercial system for collection processing and archive of sub-meter precision digital terrain matrix (DTM) and three-meter resolution ortho-rectified digital polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. DTEMS will also produce commercial cartographic, terrain display, and topographic engineering products. DTEMS will use a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mounted in an ER-2 aircraft to obtain stereo polarimetric X-band SAR images. The SAR images will be processed to obtain estimates of the horizontal position and elevation at postings separated horizontally by three meters. These estimates will be used to form the DTM. In turn, the DTM will be used to geometrically correct and ortho-rectify the polarimetric SAR images. To minimize the operational costs, the system will collect data simultaneously on both sides of the aircraft. The effective area coverage rate will exceed 700 km/sup 2//minute. For terrain with slopes of 45 degree or less, DTEMS will deliver DTMs with average one /spl sigma/ elevation precision of 0.3 meter, average absolute one /spl sigma/ elevation precision less than 0.6 meter, and three meter post spacing (posting). DTEMS data will satisfy National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS) contour intervals of two to three meters.
Detection of Rogue RF Transmitters using Generative Adversarial Nets (2019)

Understanding and analyzing the radio frequency (RF) environment have become indispensable for various autonomous wireless deployments. To this end, machine learning techniques have become popular as they can learn, analyze and even predict the RF signals and associated parameters that characterize a RF environment. However, classical machine learning methods have their limitations and there are situations where such methods become ineffective. One such setting is where active adversaries are present and try to disrupt the RF environment through malicious activities like jamming or spoofing. In this paper we propose an adversarial learning technique for identifying rogue RF transmitters and classifying trusted ones by designing and implementing generative adversarial nets (GAN). The GAN exploits the in-phase (I) and quadrature imbalance (i.e., the IQ imbalance) present in all transmitters to learn the unique high dimensional features that can be used as “fingerprints” for identifying and classifying the transmitters. We implement a generative model that learns the sample space of the IQ values of the known transmitters and use the learned representation to generate fake signals that imitate the transmissions of the known transmitters. We program 8 universal software radio peripheral (USRP) software defined radios as trusted transmitters and collect over-the-air raw IQ data from them using a RTL-SDR in a laboratory setting. We also implement a discriminator model and show that the discriminator is able to discriminate between the trusted transmitters from fake ones with 99.9% accuracy. Finally, the trusted transmitters are classified using convolutional neural network (CNN) and fully connected deep neural networks (DNN). Results reveal that the CNN and DNN are able to correctly discriminate between the 8 trusted transmitters with 81.6% and 96.6% accuracies respectively.
Practical uses of synchronized clocks in distributed systems (1991)

Article Practical uses of synchronized clocks in distributed systems Share on Author: Barbara Liskov MIT Laboratory for Computer Science, Cambridge, MA MIT Laboratory for Computer Science, Cambridge, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims PODC '91: Proceedings of the tenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computingJuly 1991 Pages 1–9https://doi.org/10.1145/112600.112601Online:01 July 1991Publication History 41citation1,440DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations41Total Downloads1,440Last 12 Months100Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Purified rutin and rutin‐rich asparagus attenuates disease severity and tissue damage following dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis (2016)

These findings demonstrate that dietary cooked ASP and its flavonoid glycoside, RUT, may be useful in attenuating colitis severity by modulating the colonic microenvironment resulting in reduced colonic inflammation, promotion of colonic mucosal injury repair, and attenuation of colitis-associated microbial dysbiosis.
Telephone Companies Analyze Price Quotations with Bellcore's PDSS Software (1994)

Increasingly, organizations that buy many products from several suppliers solicit discounts based on the total dollar volume of business awarded. Bellcore developed PDSS, a user-friendly, PC-based decision support program that assists telephone companies in analyzing price quotations under business volume discounts. PDSS uses a mixed-integer-programming model to minimize the total cost of purchases subject to several types of constraints and may save an organization five to 15 percent on purchase costs. Since its initial release, PDSS has been applied successfully to categories of products with a total purchase cost of more than $600 million.
Research upon Joint Reaction and Transjointing. (II) (1954)

The authors have confirmed the following joint Reaction and Transjointing Reactions.1. Joint Reaction of orthoformic ester with benzamide or acetamide.2. Transjointing between methylene-bis-benzamide and methylene-bis---acetamide. 3. Transjointing between 1, 3-Diphenyltetrahydro--imidazole and diethyl malonate, dimethyl -aniline or t-naphthol.-I.Transjointing between dibenzylformal and diethylformal.5. Transjointing between s-n-butoxypropionitrile and diethylamine or diethyl malonate.6. Transjointing between methiodide of s-diethylamino-propionitrile and morpholine or diethyl malonate.7. Transjointing between tetraethyl-methylene-diamine or diethylaminomethyl-n-butylether and some Grignard's reagents or urea.
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)–PDGF receptor interaction activates bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells derived from chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for an angiogenic switch (2010)

Malignant cells are capable of influencing the microenvironment in a manner that facilitates tumor cell survival. Bidirectional crosstalk between chronic lymphocytic leukemic (CLL) cells and marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) activates both cell types. In this study, we observed that the conditioned medium (CM) obtained from CLL cells was able to induce Akt activation in MSC. Subsequent studies investigated the mechanism of MSC activation mediated by CLL-CM. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) were selectively activated in MSCs by CLL-CM and found to be critical receptors for CLL-CM-driven MSC proliferation and MSC Akt activation. The known ligands of PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were detected in CLL-CM, but PDGF was the predominant ligand involved in the CM-mediated PDGFR activation. Both PDGF and VEGF were found to be elevated in the plasma of CLL patients with a positive association for high-risk factors and more advanced stage. Finally, we demonstrated that PDGF induced MSC VEGF production through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent mechanism. These results show that PDGF-PDGFR signaling influences at least the MSC in the microenvironment of CLL and may play a role in the induction of an angiogenic switch known to be permissive for disease progression.
Cell-mediated reduction of the interfragment disulfide in nicked diphtheria toxin. A new system to study toxin entry at low pH. (1987)

When 125I-labeled nicked diphtheria toxin bound to Vero cells was exposed to pH less than 5.0, a small fraction was reduced to yield A- and B-fragments. The pH required for reduction correlates well with that required to induce intoxication, and the amount of A-fragment released was of the same order as that required to intoxicate the cells. Conditions that protect cells against intoxication, such as acidification of the cytosol, treatment with anion transport inhibitors, or treatment with anti-diphtheria toxin antibodies, prevented the reduction of the interfragment disulfide in cell-bound toxin. In vitro, thioredoxin reduced nicked diphtheria toxin only at pH 5.0 and lower, and the reduction was inhibited by anti-toxin antibodies. This indicates that a conformational change in the toxin, necessary for reduction by the thioredoxin system, is prevented by the antibodies. Reduction by glutathione and cysteine was most efficient at neutral pH and was not inhibited by anti-toxin. The results are consistent with the possibility that cell-mediated reduction of the interfragment disulfide is a measure of the entry of fragment A into the cytosol.
Chemical bonding in hypervalent molecules. The dominance of ionic bonding and negative hyperconjugation over d-orbital participation (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical bonding in hypervalent molecules. The dominance of ionic bonding and negative hyperconjugation over d-orbital participationAlan E. Reed and Paul v. R. SchleyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4, 1434–1445Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00160a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00160a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3463Altmetric-Citations808LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loops and Bulge/Loops in Iron-responsive Element Isoforms Influence Iron Regulatory Protein Binding (1998)

A family of noncoding mRNA sequences, iron-responsive elements (IREs), coordinately regulate several mRNAs through binding a family of mRNA-specific proteins, iron regulatory proteins (IRPs). IREs are hairpins with a constant terminal loop and base-paired stems interrupted by an internal loop/bulge (in ferritin mRNA) or a C-bulge (in m-aconitase, erythroid aminolevulinate synthase, and transferrin receptor mRNAs). IRP2 binding requires the conserved C-G base pair in the terminal loop, whereas IRP1 binding occurs with the C-G or engineered U-A. Here we show the contribution of the IRE internal loop/bulge to IRP2 binding by comparing natural and engineered IRE variants. Conversion of the internal loop/bulge in the ferritin-IRE to a C-bulge, by deletion of U, decreased IRP2 binding by >95%, whereas IRP1 binding changed only 13%. Moreover, IRP2 binding to natural IREs with the C-bulge was similar to the DeltaU6 ferritin-IRE: >90% lower than the ferritin-IRE. The results predict mRNA-specific variation in IRE-dependent regulation in vivo and may relate to previously observed differences in iron-induced ferritin and m-aconitase synthesis in liver and cultured cells. Variations in IRE structure and cellular IRP1/IRP2 ratios can provide a range of finely tuned, mRNA-specific responses to the same (iron) signal.
ZNS‐wirksame Phenylpyrane: 3‐Dimethylaminomethyl‐4‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)‐tetrahydro‐4‐pyranol und ‐4‐thiopyranol (1987)

Abstract Die aus dem Tetrahydropyranon 2 bzw. ‐thiopyranon 3 durch Reaktion mit dem Iminiumchlorid 4 und m‐Methoxyphenylmagnesiumbromid darstellbaren O‐ und S‐Analogen des Tramadols waren im Tierversuch deutlich analgetisch wirksam, und zwar das Oxanaloge 7 doppelt so stark wie das Thiaanaloge 8 .
Designing low-complexity detectors for generalized SC-FDMA systems (2011)

Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) is proposed to alleviate the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) issue in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmissions. However, the SC-FDMA transmission does not fully exploit the multipath diversity provided by frequency-selective channel, where only diversity one can be collected even with maximum-likelihood detector. In this paper, we propose generalized SC-FDMA (GSC-FDMA) transmissions to enable the multipath diversity with low-complexity lattice-reduction (LR) aided linear detectors. Additionally, we develop a new LR algorithm which improves the asymptotic performance of linear detectors and achieves lower complexity than the well known existing LR-aided ones. The improved bit-error-rate (BER) performance relative to SC-FDMA systems is studied in simulations, where the significant gain of the LR-aided detectors is found for higher order constellations (16QAM and 64QAM).
Channel Gating Neural Networks (2018)

This paper introduces channel gating, a dynamic, fine-grained, and hardware-efficient pruning scheme to reduce the computation cost for convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Channel gating identifies regions in the features that contribute less to the classification result, and skips the computation on a subset of the input channels for these ineffective regions. Unlike static network pruning, channel gating optimizes CNN inference at run-time by exploiting input-specific characteristics, which allows substantially reducing the compute cost with almost no accuracy loss. We experimentally show that applying channel gating in state-of-the-art networks achieves 2.7-8.0$\times$ reduction in floating-point operations (FLOPs) and 2.0-4.4$\times$ reduction in off-chip memory accesses with a minimal accuracy loss on CIFAR-10. Combining our method with knowledge distillation reduces the compute cost of ResNet-18 by 2.6$\times$ without accuracy drop on ImageNet. We further demonstrate that channel gating can be realized in hardware efficiently. Our approach exhibits sparsity patterns that are well-suited to dense systolic arrays with minimal additional hardware. We have designed an accelerator for channel gating networks, which can be implemented using either FPGAs or ASICs. Running a quantized ResNet-18 model for ImageNet, our accelerator achieves an encouraging speedup of 2.4$\times$ on average, with a theoretical FLOP reduction of 2.8$\times$.
Identification of functional microRNAs released through asymmetrical processing of HIV-1 TAR element (2008)

The interaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and RNA silencing pathways is complex and multifaceted. Essential for efficient viral transcription and supporting Tat-mediated transactivation of viral gene expression, the trans-activation responsive (TAR) element is a structured RNA located at the 5' end of all transcripts derived from HIV-1. Here, we report that this element is a source of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cultured HIV-1-infected cell lines and in HIV-1-infected human CD4+ T lymphocytes. Using primer extension and ribonuclease (RNase) protection assays, we delineated both strands of the TAR miRNA duplex deriving from a model HIV-1 transcript, namely miR-TAR-5p and miR-TAR-3p. In vitro RNase assays indicate that the lack of a free 3' extremity at the base of TAR may contribute to its low processing reactivity in vivo. Both miR-TAR-5p and miR-TAR-3p down-regulated TAR miRNA sensor activity in a process that required an integral miRNA-guided RNA silencing machinery. miR-TAR-3p exerted superior gene downregulatory effects, probably due to its preferential release from HIV-1 TAR RNA by the RNase III Dicer. Our study suggests that the TAR element of HIV-1 transcripts releases functionally competent miRNAs upon asymmetrical processing by Dicer, thereby providing novel insights into viral miRNA biogenesis.