gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Components of signaling pathways for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I in muscle myoblasts and myotubes (1992)

To survey and compare the signaling pathways from the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors in undifferentiated and differentiated muscle cells, we examined the phosphotyrosine (Ptyr)-containing polypeptides elicited in L6 and Sol8 myoblasts and myotubes by the combination of insulin and IGF-I. These polypeptides were detected by immunoblotting with antibodies against Ptyr. In the L6 myoblasts and myotubes and the Sol8 myoblasts, Ptyr polypeptides of approximately 240, 175, 115, 100, 41, and 37 kilodaltons (kDa) appeared in response to insulin-IGF-I. With the Sol8 myotubes, the 240-, 175-, and 37-kDa Ptyr polypeptides were detected in basal cells, and only the Ptyr content of the 175-kDa one increased in response to insulin-IGF-I. The polypeptides of 175, 41, and 37 kDa were tentatively identified as the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and -2), respectively, by immunoblotting with antibodies specific for these proteins, and the 115- and 100-kDa polypeptides are probably the beta-subunits of the insulin and IGF-I receptors. The amounts of IRS1, ERK1, and ERK2 were roughly the same in the L6 and Sol8 myoblasts and myotubes. Thus, differentiation of the myoblasts to myotubes was not accompanied by the detectable appearance of new insulin-IGF-I-elicited Ptyr polypeptides or marked changes in the amounts of known participants in their signaling pathways.
MU-FuPlex: A Multiuser Full-Duplex MAC Protocol for the Next Generation Wireless Networks (2017)

The ever-increasing data demands and the density of wireless nodes require higher data rate in wireless networks. To satisfy the requirement, it is necessary to propose novel medium access control (MAC) protocols to enhance multiuser channel access and multiuser data transmission in wireless network. The existing studies prove that full-duplex (FD) is able to improve the network capability without any extra bandwidth. However, there are few studies focusing on multiuser FD MAC protocol design for the next generation wireless networks. In this paper, a multiuser FD MAC protocol named as MU-FuPlex is introduced based on our proposed system model, and the interference information collection, FD transmit opportunity (FD-TXOP) mechanism, and frame format design for MU-FuPlex are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work focusing on the combination of multiuser MAC and FD technology. The simulation results confirm that MU-FuPlex significantly improves the saturation throughput up to 200% compared with IEEE 802.11 DCF.
Mapping B cell epitopes in Goodpasture's disease. (1997)

The target antigen of the pathogenic autoantibodies in Goodpasture's disease is the noncollagenous domain of the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen. A panel of membrane-bound peptides was used to identify antibody-binding regions within the protein, and the significance of the binding by inhibition studies using soluble peptides, and by a structural analysis of the antigen, was confirmed. A total of 117 overlapping 12-mer peptides spanning the entire antigen was simultaneously synthesized as individual spots on a cellulose membrane. All nine patients' sera bound to the membrane, with a conserved pattern of peptides recognized by all sera. Inhibition studies were performed using a panel of overlapping 20-mer peptides, also spanning the entire antigen. Peptides from the regions that bound IgG were able to inhibit the binding of autoantibodies to native antigen. Predictions of the secondary structure of the noncollagenous domain of the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen were performed by a conventional hydropathy plot and by multiple alignment of homologous alpha chains of type IV collagen and comparison with a structural data base. The core peptides binding and inhibiting Goodpasture's antibodies were predicted to be surface exposed and antigenic. Thus, the conformational epitope(s) of the Goodpasture antigen can be mapped using linear peptides.
Learning from Interventions: Human-robot interaction as both explicit and implicit feedback (2020)

Scalable robot learning from seamless human-robot interaction is critical if robots are to solve a multitude of tasks in the real world. Current approaches to imitation learning suffer from one of two drawbacks. On the one hand, they rely solely on off-policy human demonstration, which in some cases leads to a mismatch in train-test distribution. On the other, they burden the human to label every state the learner visits, rendering it impractical in many applications. We argue that learning interactively from expert interventions enjoys the best of both worlds. Our key insight is that any amount of expert feedback, whether by intervention or non-intervention, provides information about the quality of the current state, the optimality of the action, or both. We formalize this as a constraint on the learner's value function, which we can efficiently learn using no regret, online learning techniques. We call our approach Expert Intervention Learning (EIL), and evaluate it on a real and simulated driving task with a human expert, where it learns collision avoidance from scratch with just a few hundred samples (about one minute) of expert control.
BioPartsBuilder: a synthetic biology tool for combinatorial assembly of biological parts (2015)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Proinsulin-Specific, HLA-DQ8, and HLA-DQ8-Transdimer–Restricted CD4+ T Cells Infiltrate Islets in Type 1 Diabetes (2014)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) develops when insulin-secreting β-cells, found in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, are destroyed by infiltrating T cells. How human T cells recognize β-cell-derived antigens remains unclear. Genetic studies have shown that HLA and insulin alleles are the most strongly associated with risk of T1D. These long-standing observations implicate CD4(+) T-cell responses against (pro)insulin in the pathogenesis of T1D. To dissect the autoimmune T-cell response against human β-cells, we isolated and characterized 53 CD4(+) T-cell clones from within the residual pancreatic islets of a deceased organ donor who had T1D. These 53 clones expressed 47 unique clonotypes, 8 of which encoded proinsulin-specific T-cell receptors. On an individual clone basis, 14 of 53 CD4(+) T-cell clones (26%) recognized 6 distinct but overlapping epitopes in the C-peptide of proinsulin. These clones recognized C-peptide epitopes presented by HLA-DQ8 and, notably, HLA-DQ8 transdimers that form in HLA-DQ2/-DQ8 heterozygous individuals. Responses to these epitopes were detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of some people with recent-onset T1D but not in HLA-matched control subjects. Hence, proinsulin-specific, HLA-DQ8, and HLA-DQ8-transdimer-restricted CD4(+) T cells are strongly implicated in the autoimmune pathogenesis of human T1D.
Concrete FPSO (1999)

Summary The paper identifies the advantages, features and applicability of a concrete hull for an FPSO and the issues related to project execution. For those considering the options for other field developments, the paper identifies the conclusions and the work on which these were based. The content of the paper is based on extended studies on the advantages, design features and feasibility of fabrication of this new design of the floating production storage and offloading facility (FPSO) hull. This work formed part of British Petroleum's (BP's) review of options for the development of their Schiehallion field in 375 m water depth West of Shetland, the Atlantic Frontier. The conceptual design of the vessel hull was carried out with the objective of providing the best solution for a concrete FPSO for BP's application. This included consideration of capital cost, system availability, operating costs, HSE aspects, decommissioning and disposal. The flexibility ofthe concept, e.g., for addition and modification during service, were also examined. The design process was taken to the stage where these matters had been examined and the design has approval in principal for certi- fication. During the design process the mathematical modeling of vessel motions and mooring forces were confirmed in tank tests. BP participated in the proof of concept, retaining the concept on their final short list of two options for the field development. It was concluded by all parties that this new concept had been fully examined and proved technically.
Carbohydrate Make Up of Huskey Barley (2000)

The chemical composition of two and six-row huskey barley grown under Haryana agroclimatic conditions is reported. Two-row varieties had slightly higher percentage of reducing sugars, sucrose and lignin, whereas protein, proanthocyanidins, starch, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and hemicellulose were higher in six-row barleys. Malting significantly decreased the starch, sucrose and protein contents, while total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and maltose increased. The concommitant decrease in proanthocyanidins level is also desirable when barley is used for malting and brewing purposes. The variety RD2560 emerged to be superior for malting and brewing. The conduction of feeding trials and investigation of physico-chemical properties of barley starch are suggested.
Population-based surveillance for hospitalized and ambulatory pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Santiago, Chile (2002)

ER surveillance detected approximately one case of pneumococcal bacteremia among febrile ambulatory patients for each hospitalized invasive case. Because 71% of cases were caused by vaccine serotypes (and 87% by vaccine serogroups), 9- and 11-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines could prevent most invasive pediatric pneumococcal disease in Chile.
THE PLANT SULFOLIPID. IDENTIFICATION OF 6-SULFO-QUINOVOSE<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PLANT SULFOLIPID. IDENTIFICATION OF 6-SULFO-QUINOVOSE1H. Daniel, M. Miyano, R. O. Mumma, T. Yagi, M. Lepage, I. Shibuya, and A. A. BensonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 7, 1765–1766Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01468a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01468a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the design of a neural network autolander (1999)

A research program directed at the development of an autolander for NASA's X-33 prototype reusable launch vehicle is described. The autolander is based on a new linear quadratic adaptive critic algorithm. It is implemented by an array of Functional Link neural networks and is trained by a modified Levenberg–Marquardt method. A full stability theory is developed for the new adaptive critic algorithm. Simulation results are presented for the linear–quadratic case. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“String‐of‐beads” flow of liquids on vertical wires for gas absorption (2000)

Abstract A liquid steadily fed onto a thin wire vertically held in a gas stream may flow down the wire, taking the form of a “string of beads,” which is a composite of teardrop‐shaped beads regularly aligned on the wire and thin cylindrical films each coating the portion of the wire between two neighboring beads. The beads slide down at a constant speed, interacting with the films flowing down much more slowly, thereby inducing some mixing motion in the liquid phase. The string‐of‐beads flow exhibited by water or an aqueous monoethanolamine solution was observed, and the mass transfer of CO 2 from the surrounding CO 2 /N 2 mixture into water flowing down single wires was studied both experimentally and analytically. The results indicate the potential of on‐wire string‐of‐beads flow devices for innovating gas–liquid contact operations to be used in, for example, removing CO 2 from flue gases exhausted at fossil‐fuel‐fired power plants.
Relationship of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Genes to Inhibitor Antibody Formation in Hemophilia A (1990)

Approximately 14% of transfused hemophiliacs develop an anti-factor VIII inhibitory antibody which specifically neutralizes factor VIII procoagulant activity. In this study an association of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with inhibitor antibody formation was evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, PstI, PvuII and TaqI digested genomic DNA probed with DP beta, DQ alpha, DQ beta and DR beta class II MHC gene probes. The RFLP patterns for 16 non-inhibitor and 11 inhibitor hemophiliac patients were analyzed. These 24 enzyme:probe combinations generated 231 fragments. Fifteen (15) fragments associated with the inhibitor phenotype; odds ratios ranged from 5.1 to 45 and lower bounds of 95% confidence intervals were greater than 1.000 for all 15 fragments. Five (5) fragments associated with non-inhibitors, with odds ratios ranging from 6.4 to 51.7. This report establishes a MHC related genetic basis for the inhibitor phenotype. No statistically significant differences in the distribution of serologically defined HLA-DR phenotypes were observed between the inhibitor and non-inhibitor groups.
Exon circularization in mammalian nuclear extracts. (1996)

Correct ligation of exons in pre-mRNA splicing requires splice site juxtaposition (splice site pairing), usually involving a 5' splice site and a downstream 3' splice site. Splicing of a 5' splice site to an upstream 3' splice site, however, is predicted to result in a circular RNA. This mode of splice site pairing across the axon has been hypothesized to account for rare RNAs containing scrambled exons (Nigro JM et al., 1991, Celt 64:607-613; Cocquerelle C et al., 1992, EMBO J 11:1 095-1098). Additionally, this mode of splice site pairing has been postulated to explain the formation of SRY circular transcripts in mouse testis (Capel B et al., 1993, Celt 73:1019- 1030). Here we show that splice site pairing across the exon can result in exon circularization in vitro. These results indicate that spliceosome-mediated axon circularization indeed can account for the formation of scrambled exons and circular RNAs. Exon circularization efficiency decreased dramatically as the length of the exon was increased from 95 nt to 274 nt. Circularization of this longer exon was restored, however, when intronic complementary sequences were included in the RNA substrate. These complementary sequences could form a stem that served to bring the splice sites into proximity and thereby promote splice site pairing. Therefore, the splicing of this structured RNA recapitulated SRY-like exon circularization in vitro.
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome: Genetics, immunopathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment modalities (2017)

The hyperimmunoglobulin E syndromes (HIESs) are very rare immunodeficiency syndromes with multisystem involvement, including immune system, skeleton, connective tissue, and dentition. HIES are characterized by the classic triad of high serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), recurrent staphylococcal cold skin abscess, and recurrent pneumonia with pneumatocele formation. Most cases of HIES are sporadic although can be inherited as autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive traits. A fundamental immunologic defect in HIES is not clearly elucidated but abnormal neutrophil chemotaxis due to decreased production or secretion of interferon γ has main role in the immunopathogenesis of syndrome, also distorted Th1/Th2 cytokine profile toward a Th2 bias contributes to the impaired cellular immunity and a specific pattern of infection susceptibility as well as atopic-allergic constitution of syndrome. The ophthalmic manifestations of this disorder include conjunctivitis, keratitis, spontaneous corneal perforation, recurrent giant chalazia, extensive xanthelasma, tumors of the eyelid, strabismus, and bilateral keratoconus. The diagnosis of HIES is inconclusive, dependent on the evolution of a constellation of complex multisystemic symptoms and signs which develop over the years. Until time, no treatment modality is curative for basic defect in HIES, in terms of cytokines/chemokines derangement. Of note, bone marrow transplant and a monoclonal anti-IgE (omalizumab) are hoped to be successful treatment in future.
Nondestructive Mechanical Contact Impedance and Compliance Testing of Rubberlike Materials (1996)

This paper is dedicated to the problems of nondestructive testing of rubberlike materials. A new method which we call an audiosonic contact impedance evaluation is developed. It is based on mechanical contact impedance evaluation (MCIE) at the local contact area between a piezo active sensor and specimen. A theoretical model consisting of quasistatically loaded and consequently connected dissipative Voigt's elements is discussed and solved analytically. A resonance equation used for MCIE at the local contact area consists of two impedances: mechanical impedance of PZT sensor and mechanical impedance of the specimen. Analytical results are compared with the results obtained from the simulation using the finite element method (FEM). Simultaneous measurements of the contact impedance and compliance associated with rubberlike materials having different hardnesses are accomplished by the multilayered piezo active sensor. A dynamic response obtained from the experimental sensor highly correlates with mechanical and rheological parameters.
MR Imaging-guided Radio-frequency Thermal Ablation in the Pancreas in a Porcine Model with a Modified Clinical C-Arm System (1999)

MR imaging-guided RF thermal ablation in the pancreas is feasible and safe. Induced thermal lesion size can best be monitored with STIR and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. In the future, RF ablation may offer an alternative treatment option for pancreatic cancer.
Relationship of Ki-ras mutations in colon cancers to tumor location, stage, and survival: a population-based study. (2000)

Some previous studies have demonstrated significant results between Ki-ras mutations and tumor stage, survival, and/or other clinical variables, whereas others have not. We therefore evaluated the significance of codons 12 and 13 Ki-ras mutations in a large population-based study of 1413 individuals with colon cancer. Ki-ras mutations were identified in approximately 32% of tumors. Codon 12 mutations were significantly more common in proximal than distal tumors (29.1% versus 20.5%; P < 0.01) and in tumors of advanced stage. Tumors from men were more likely to have transition mutations and codon 12 G-->A mutations. After adjusting for age and stage, the codon 13 G-->A mutation was associated with a 40% (95% confidence interval, 0.95-2.0) increase in short-term mortality from colon cancer. In conclusion, this population-based study demonstrates important relationships between Ki-ras mutations and stage, survival, tumor location, and gender.
Standardization of Allergen Extracts with Appropriate Methods (1978)

The paper presents recommendations for standardization of allergen extract by the combined use of skin prick tests and radioallergosorbent tests. These tests provide appropriate means for quantitation of the total allergenic activity of an extract. Advantages and limitations are discussed with reference to the literature.
The Overactive Bladder (2007)

Overactive bladder (OAB) affects millions of men and women daily. Given the symptoms of sleep loss, depression, and a lower quality of life than even those with diabetes mellitus, effective and beneficial treatment is a must for these people. Drs Kreder and Dmochowski, both recognized experts on voiding dysfunction and urodynamics, have a
A comparison of midazolam and clonidine as an oral premedication in pediatric patients (2012)

We conclude that under the conditions of the study, oral midazolam is superior to clonidine as an anxiolytic in pediatric population. Clonidine with its sedative action especially at the time of separation from parents along with its other perioperative benefits cannot be discounted.
Effects of human T lymphocyte activation on inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase expression. (1994)

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) catalyzes the first step in the formation of guanine ribonucleotides from inosine monophosphate and the activity of this enzyme appears to be essential for cell proliferation. Inhibitors of IMPDH have been demonstrated to be effective immunosuppressive agents and to inhibit T cell activation in vitro. IMPDH activity results from the expression of two different genes (types I and II) that encode protein subunits of identical size with 84% amino acid identity. To determine the relative contribution of the expression of these two genes to T cell activation, we have examined the effects of T cell stimulation on IMPDH activity, mRNA levels, and protein. The stimulation of isolated peripheral blood CD28+ T cells with PMA and ionomycin causes a 15-fold increase in IMPDH activity over a 72-h period. This is associated with a 10-fold increase in type II mRNA levels at 48 h. Type I mRNA is expressed at very low levels in resting T cells, but increases 10-fold by 24 h after stimulation. The type I cDNA probe also detects a second larger mRNA species of 4.0 kb that is not detectable in a variety of normal tissues or in a panel of leukemic cell lines. RNase protection assays using RNA probes corresponding to the entire coding region of the type I enzyme reveal a single protected fragment, demonstrating that the 4.0-kb message is the result of alternate splicing in the 5' or 3' untranslated regions or the use of an alternative polyadenylation site. Western blot analysis demonstrates a concomitant increase in total IMPDH protein on T cell activation, although posttranslational modifications do not allow the distinction between type I and type II on isoelectric focusing gels. We conclude that the induction of both type I and type II IMPDH contribute significantly to the T cell proliferative response. Both enzymes therefore should be considered important targets for immunosuppressive therapy.
INTERACTIVE VIDEODISC CASE STUDIES FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION. (1986)

The TIME Project of the Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications is using interactive videodisc, microprocessor and voice recognition technology to create patient simulations for use in the training of medical students. These interactive case studies embody dramatic, lifelike portrayals of the social and medical conditions of a patient and allow uncued, verbal intervention by the student for independent clinical decisions.
New algorithms for finding irreducible polynomials over finite fields (1990)

We present a new algorithm for finding an irreducible polynomial of specified degree over a finite field. Our algorithm is deterministic, and it runs in polynomial time for fields of small characteristic. We in fact prove the stronger result that the problem of finding irreducible polynomials of specified degree over a finite field is deterministic polynomial-time reducible to the problem of factoring polynomials over the prime field.