gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compression Behavior of Fluted-Core Composite Panels (2011)

In recent years, fiber-reinforced composites have become more accepted for aerospace applications. Specifically, during NASA s recent efforts to develop new launch vehicles, composite materials were considered and baselined for a number of structures. Because of mass and stiffness requirements, sandwich composites are often selected for many applications. However, there are a number of manufacturing and in-service concerns associated with traditional honeycomb-core sandwich composites that in certain instances may be alleviated through the use of other core materials or construction methods. Fluted-core, which consists of integral angled web members with structural radius fillers spaced between laminate face sheets, is one such construction alternative and is considered herein. Two different fluted-core designs were considered: a subscale design and a full-scale design sized for a heavy-lift-launch-vehicle interstage. In particular, axial compression of fluted-core composites was evaluated with experiments and finite-element analyses (FEA); axial compression is the primary loading condition in dry launch-vehicle barrel sections. Detailed finite-element models were developed to represent all components of the fluted-core construction, and geometrically nonlinear analyses were conducted to predict both buckling and material failures. Good agreement was obtained between test data and analyses, for both local buckling and ultimate material failure. Though the local buckling events are not catastrophic, the resulting deformations contribute to material failures. Consequently, an important observation is that the material failure loads and modes would not be captured by either linear analyses or nonlinear smeared-shell analyses. Compression-after-impact (CAI) performance of fluted core composites was also investigated by experimentally testing samples impacted with 6 ft.-lb. impact energies. It was found that such impacts reduced the ultimate load carrying capability by approximately 40% on the subscale test articles and by less than 20% on the full-scale test articles. Nondestructive inspection of the damage zones indicated that the detectable damage was limited to no more than one flute on either side of any given impact. More study is needed, but this may indicate that an inherent damage-arrest capability of fluted core could provide benefits over traditional sandwich designs in certain weight-critical applications.
Development of general inflow performance relationships (IPR`s) for slanted and horizontal wells producing heterogeneous solution-gas drive reservoirs (1992)

Since 1968, the Vogel equation has been used extensively and successfully for analyzing the inflow performance relationship (IPR) of flowing vertical wells producing by solution-gas drive. Oil well productivity can be rapidly estimated by using the Vogel IPR curve and well outflow performance. With recent interests on horizontal well technology, several empirical IPRs for solution-gas drive horizontal and slanted wells have been developed under homogeneous reservoir conditions. This report presents the development of IPRs for horizontal and slanted wells by using a special vertical/horizontal/slanted well reservoir simulator under six different reservoir and well parameters: ratio of vertical to horizontal permeability, wellbore eccentricity, stratification, perforated length, formation thickness, and heterogeneous permeability. The pressure and gas saturation distributions around the wellbore are examined. The fundamental physical behavior of inflow performance for horizontal wells is described.
Displacement angle control of matrix converter (2002)

The authors previously proposed and discussed a control method for matrix power converters in which instantaneous input voltages are used. The method can generate output voltages of 0.866 times the supply voltage. Control input current and output voltage of sinusoidal waveform can be obtained and can compensate the effect of fluctuation, asymmetry or harmonics in both the output voltage and the input current. In the method described in this paper, a combination of offline and online computation is used to enable input power factor control in order to realize real unity input power factor. The authors discuss a switching sequence during one carrier period by which the input current waveforms can be greatly improved without increasing switching losses.
A fuzzy-based multi-stage quality control under the ISO 9001:2015 requirements (2017)

This work focuses on the problem of non conformity (NC) characterisation in quality management systems (QMS) and introduces a fuzzy inference engine (FE) for NC analysis based on multi-stage quality control. The research has a twofold objective: 1) to characterise NCs based on risk analysis principles, 2) to define NC priorities. The FE is implemented according to the main requirements of the new ISO 9001:2015 Standard regarding risk analysis and NC assessment. The methodology was tested within an assembly line of mechanical components, where a number of NCs were detected and classified with respect to multiple features. Within this classification, risk analysis is explored through the use of failure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA). A risk criticality index (RCI) is defined and evaluated, which addresses NC criticality and the relative action priorities. [Received 28 January 2016; Revised 25 March 2016; Accepted 24 June 2016]
l-NGFR receptor is a new flow cytometric tool for rapid cell cycle-correlated gene therapy complementation studies in viable cells (1997)

Control of successful genetic complementation of cellular defects in heterogenous cell populations requires biochemical selection markers or cell analytical specifiers. With available gene therapy technologies, only a fraction of a cell population is transfected or transduced. We applied and optimized a novel dual-laser flow cytometric technique to analyze immediately the genetic complementation of cells dysregulated in cell proliferation and DNA repair. A novel bicistronic retrovirus carrying the normal Fanconi anemia gene (group C) and the cell surface marker gene l-NGFR was constructed to analyze the normalization of the G2-phase cell cycle defect in DNA-repair-deficient FA(C) lymphoblastoid cells after transduction. Using a dual-laser multiparameter technology, we 1) analyzed the cell-cycle distribution of viable/dead cells using Hoechst 33342 (with ultraviolet light), 2) identified the genetically complemented cells by FITC antibody labeling of the novel l-NGFR surface marker (488 nm), and 3) recorded mitomycin C-induced cell death in nontransduced and transduced cells by propidium iodide. Artificial l-NGFR expression is high and similar in ontogenetically and phylogenetically different cell populations. With this novel l-NGFR marker technology, the success of gene therapy of cell-cycle dysregulation in even small subpopulations of cells can be recorded within 48 h. In addition to improved cell analysis, l-NGFR surface marker expression can also be used for rapid generation of pure cell populations by column cell separation technologies.
Incidence of oral complications and application of a preventive protocol in children with acute leukemia (1998)

This prospective, controlled study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a preventive oral protocol in children receiving antineoplastic treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). During a 13-month period, 96 children from one to 16 years of age with a diagnosis of ALL were evaluated. When the study was initiated, 60 patients already undergoing chemotherapy received palliative treatment for complications (Group I). Thirty-six children (Group II) with newly diagnosed ALL received a daily preventive protocol consisting of: (1) elimination of bacterial plaque; (2) application of a mouthwash with a non-alcoholic solution of chlorhexidine 0.12% and (3) topical application of iodopovidone, followed by "swish and swallow" with nystatin 500,000 units. Children in both groups were examined every 7 to 14 days by our pediatric dentistry team. We found a significant improvement in oral hygiene (p = 0.001) and a significant decrease in the incidence of mucositis grade 2 (p = 0.0013) and oral candidiasis (p = 0.009) in the Group II children. These findings show that the systematic application of a preventive protocol significantly reduces the incidence of oral complications. The results of this study identify a need to include a pediatric dentist in a multidisciplinary team which provides oral care for cancer patients.
Regulation of Phosphatidylserine Transbilayer Redistribution by Store-operated Ca2+ Entry (2001)

i , cytoplasmic free Ca 2 concentration; SOCE, store-operated Ca 2 entry; PS, phosphatidylserine;
Methylation-Specific PCR (2003)

Methylation of the DNA is an important epigenetic (i.e., not associated with alteration in the primary structure of the DNA) phenomenon, which plays important roles in regulation of gene expression, maintenance of genome integrity, and genomic imprinting. Although not only other nucleotides, but also proteins and lipids can be methylated, in the context of the present discussion, “methylation” designates only that of cytosine residues that are located 5′ to guanines (CpG cytosines). A methyl residue is added to the 5 position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine (5-methylcytosine) in the course of DNA replication, a process mediated by DNA(cytosine-5)-methyltransferases.
Practical study of drift correction in p.r.b.n. crosscorrelation (1968)

A recently described drift-correction scheme is applied to pseudorandom binary noise testing of a boiler with promising results. The sequence used is of ‘inverse repeat’ form, and the experimental results substantiate the theoretical result that the effect of drift is decreased as the number of half periods contained in a given measurement interval is increased.
Coplanar flip-chip mounting technique for picosecond devices (1984)

We present a coplanar flip-chip mounting technique for broadband microwave and high-speed opto-electronic devices. The technique is based on coplanar waveguides with tapered structures that can be fabricated with high precision by photolithographic means on planar dielectric substrates and device chips. It allows the inclusion of micrometer size devices into broadband circuits and serves for the transmission of high-speed signals with low reflection over waveguides with varying geometry and to external coaxial lines with millimeter dimensions. As demonstrated by flip-chip mounted high-speed photoconductors, by a coplanar pulse-forming circuit, and by a coplanar line termination, this technique allows broadband transmission with reflections not exceeding a few percent in the frequency range from dc to 25 GHz and signal durations at least as short as 20 ps.
The Production of  -Aminobutyric Acid by Bacterium coli Wilson, Type 1 (1950)

SUMMARY: Examination by paper partition chromatography of casein-hydrolysate/glucose culture filtrates of forty-seven strains of coliform organisms indicates that the decarboxylation of glutamic acid is characteristic of Wilson's Bacterium coli Type I.
Validation of the SHOX2 / PTGER4 DNA Methylation Marker Panel for Plasma-Based Discrimination between Patients with Malignant and Nonmalignant Lung Disease (2016)

Measurement of SHOX2 and PTGER4 methylation in plasma DNA allowed detection of LC and differentiation of nonmalignant diseases. Development of a diagnostic test based on this panel may provide clinical utility in combination with current imaging techniques to improve LC risk stratification.
Two‐Photon Fluorescent Probes for Intracellular Free Zinc Ions in Living Tissue (2008)

The living image: The efficient two-photon probes AZn1 and AZn2 (see picture for rat brain tissue) show 24- to 52-fold two-photon excited fluorescence enhancement in response to Zn2+. They can selectively detect intracellular free Zn2+ ions in live cells and in living tissues at a depth of 80–150 μm without interference from other metal ions and the membrane-bound probes. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z800929_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Design and fabrication of an angular microactuator for magnetic disk drives (1998)

Angular electrostatic microactuators suitable for use in a two-stage servo system for magnetic disk drives have been fabricated from molded chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) polysilicon using the HexSil process. A 2.6-mm-diameter device has been shown to be capable of positioning the read/write elements of a 30% picoslider over a /spl plusmn/1-/spl mu/m range, with a predicted bandwidth of 2 kHz. The structures are formed by depositing polysilicon via CVD into deep trenches etched into a silicon mold wafer. Upon release, the actuators are assembled onto a target wafer using a solder bond. The solder-bonding process will provide easy integration of mechanical structures with integrated circuits, allowing separate optimization of the circuit and structure fabrication processes. An advantage of HexSil is that once the mold wafer has undergone the initial plasma etching, it may be reused for subsequent polysilicon depositions, amortizing the cost of the deep-trench etching over many structural runs and thereby significantly reducing the cost of finished actuators. Furthermore, 100-/spl mu/m-high structures may be made from a 3-/spl mu/m deposition of polysilicon, increasing overall fabrication speed.
Cancer Genomics: Diversity and Disparity Across Ethnicity and Geography (2015)

Ethnic and geographic differences in cancer incidence, prognosis, and treatment outcomes can be attributed to diversity in the inherited (germline) and somatic genome. Although international large-scale sequencing efforts are beginning to unravel the genomic underpinnings of cancer traits, much remains to be known about the underlying mechanisms and determinants of genomic diversity. Carcinogenesis is a dynamic, complex phenomenon representing the interplay between genetic and environmental factors that results in divergent phenotypes across ethnicities and geography. For example, compared with whites, there is a higher incidence of prostate cancer among Africans and African Americans, and the disease is generally more aggressive and fatal. Genome-wide association studies have identified germline susceptibility loci that may account for differences between the African and non-African patients, but the lack of availability of appropriate cohorts for replication studies and the incomplete understanding of genomic architecture across populations pose major limitations. We further discuss the transformative potential of routine diagnostic evaluation for actionable somatic alterations, using lung cancer as an example, highlighting implications of population disparities, current hurdles in implementation, and the far-reaching potential of clinical genomics in enhancing cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. As we enter the era of precision cancer medicine, a concerted multinational effort is key to addressing population and genomic diversity as well as overcoming barriers and geographical disparities in research and health care delivery.
Regulation of hexose carriers in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Effect of glucose starvation and role of protein synthesis. (1983)

Regulation of hexose transport was investigated in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) which develop 4- to 8-fold enhanced hexose transport activity during glucose starvation. The presence of cycloheximide in low (0.5 micrograms/ml) concentrations during starvation largely blocked the enhancement of transport activity. Glucose refeeding of CEF in the starvation state led to a decline in transport to the basal level. This decline was either potentiated or blocked by the presence of cycloheximide in low or high (50 micrograms/ml) concentrations, respectively. Exposure of CEF in the fed state to low concentrations of cycloheximide resulted in a 70% decrease of transport within 6 h, whereas exposure to high concentrations of cycloheximide led to only a modest loss (35% decrease). In the glucose-starved state, CEF had no significant decline of transport when exposed to cycloheximide at either high or low concentrations. The uptake of 3-O-methylglucose by fed, starved, or cycloheximide-treated CEF correlated closely with D-glucose transport activity and [3H]cytochalasin B binding by plasma membranes prepared from CEF exposed to the same conditions. Hexose transport activity of CEF seems to largely depend on the number of functioning carriers in the plasma membrane, which apparently reflect the balance between carrier synthesis and inactivation. These two processes require protein synthesis, but are differentially sensitive to the effects of cycloheximide, such that low concentrations of cycloheximide appear to block primarily synthesis while high concentrations block both processes. Furthermore, during starvation the enhancement of transport appears largely due to decreased carrier inactivation in the face of continued carrier synthesis.
Cycling Performance of a Metal Hydride-Air Rechargeable Battery (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Studies of polymer-based field effect transistors (2002)

As part of search for alternative semiconducting technologies, polymers which can be processed to change electrical characteristics from highly insulating (resistivity /spl sim/10/sup 8/ /spl Omega/ cm) to highly conducting (conductivity /spl sim/10/sup 5/ S cm/sup -1/) are now under increasing investigation. In this paper, we describe the fabrication technology and electrical performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, thin film metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistors, MISFETs. These FETs were fabricated on heavily doped Si substrates using laser direct-write technology. I-V characteristics of these types of MISFETs showed typical FET-like pinch-off behavior at high negative V/sub DS/ biases. Polymer-based thin film MISFETs are sensitive to light and oxygen. However, passivation layers provide a practical solution. In our present research, conventional photoresist materials have been chosen as encapsulation materials. The electrical characteristics of polymer MISFET have been monitored over 3 months. Our passivation results show encapsulation can greatly enhance the stability of polymer MISFETs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Central effects of nicotinamide and inosine which are not mediated through benzodiazepine receptors (1985)

The actions of nicotinamide and inosine were investigated on rat cerebellar Purkinje cells using ionophoretic and extracellular recording techniques. Ionophoretic application of nicotinamide or inosine showed that they were potent inhibitors of Purkinje cell firing. This inhibition differed from that induced by benzodiazepines in that it was not reversed by the GABA antagonists bicuculline methiodide and picrotoxin. RO 15-1788, the specific benzodiazepine antagonist, did not reverse the effects of nicotinamide. Chlordiazepoxide has been shown to increase significantly social interaction between pairs of male rats and this increase can be reversed by RO 15-1788, 20 mg kg-1 i.p. Nicotinamide also caused a small increase in social interaction but this effect was not reversed by the benzodiazepine antagonist. Inosine did not increase social interaction. [3H]-flunitrazepam binding studies showed that nicotinamide and inosine have only low affinities for the benzodiazepine binding site. These results suggest that while nicotinamide may exert some neuronal depressant and anxiolytic activity, its site of action appears not to be associated with the benzodiazepine receptor site. Similarly, inosine exerts a neuronal depressant effect dissimilar from that of benzodiazepines.
Cardiovascular Effects of Droloxifene, a New Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, in Healthy Postmenopausal Women (2000)

Selective estrogen receptor modulators, like tamoxifen and related compounds, have mixed estrogen agonistic/antagonistic effects. Tamoxifen may confer significant cardiovascular benefits without the estrogen-associated risks of endometrial and breast cancer. Droloxifene, a structural analogue of tamoxifen, has estrogen agonistic effects on bone and antagonistic effects on endometrial and breast tissue. Its cardiovascular effects in women are unknown. We enrolled 24 healthy postmenopausal women in a randomized, double-blind, 2-period crossover trial comparing the effects of droloxifene (60 mg/d) with conjugated estrogen (0.625 mg/d). Plasma lipids, coagulation and fibrinolytic factors, and brachial flow-mediated vasodilator responses were measured at the beginning and end of each treatment period. Droloxifene and estrogen resulted in 16.6% and 12.0% reductions, respectively, in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.001) and 13.2% and 9.5% reductions, respectively, in lipoprotein(a) (P<0.05). In contrast, estrogen, but not droloxifene, increased high density lipoprotein (18.5%, P<0.001). Droloxifene also reduced fibrinogen by 17.8% versus a 7.3% reduction with estrogen (P=0.004) but produced no estrogen-like changes in plasminogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, or tissue plasminogen activator. Droloxifene and estrogen produced 36.4% and 27.3% increases, respectively, in flow-mediated vasodilation (percent change from baseline, P<0.05 for both). Droloxifene has estrogen agonistic properties regarding low density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) metabolism, certain coagulation factors, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation but, unlike estrogen, has no effect on high density lipoprotein/triglyceride metabolism and the fibrinolytic cascade. It remains unknown whether droloxifene can confer a true cardiovascular benefit.
The eye wink control interface: using the computer to provide the severely disabled with increased flexibility and comfort (2002)

The eye wink control interface was designed to enable severely handicapped individuals to control mechanical devices by using eye winks of varying duration without having their head motion or speech restricted. The advantages of this computer-based system are (1) an unobtrusive and inexpensive control device, (2) increased comfort for the user, and (3) an increase in the number and complexity of possible commands available to the user. The design of the infrared eye wink detector and the computerized signal interpreter, as well as the initial results obtained in testing the interface with simulation software are discussed. Plans for extensions to this research are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>