gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acid−Base Catalysis in the Synthesis of Arylmethylene and Alkylmethine Pyrroles (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAcid−Base Catalysis in the Synthesis of Arylmethylene and Alkylmethine PyrrolesClaudius D'Silva and Deborah A. WalkerView Author Information Department of Chemistry & Materials, the Manchester Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, U.K. Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 19, 6715–6718Publication Date (Web):August 26, 1998Publication History Received24 July 1997Published online26 August 1998Published inissue 1 September 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo971365dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo971365dbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1064Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Byproducts,Mixtures,Potassium,Pyrroles Get e-Alerts
Environmental-Friendly Process for Recovering Copper and Nickel from Jinchuan Tailings by Silica-Based Selective Adsorbents (2014)

Contamination of heavy metals from mill tailings is a global problem. China's Jinchuan Group Limited has stored approximately one billion tons of mill tailings which contain toxic levels of copper, nickel, and other metal compounds. To solve the problem, this work extended the principle of hydrometallurgical extraction to the recovery of copper/nickel from Jinchuan tailings and designed an environmental-friendly recovering process. Synergetic leaching by sulfuric acid and ferric ion was proposed to achieve the efficient leach of copper, nickel, and other metals in Jinchuan tailings. Novel silica-based 2-aminomethylpyridine and iminodiacetic acid functionalized adsorbent were used to selectively recover copper and nickel from the leachate of Jinchuan tailings, respectively. The stable adsorption capacity on semi-industrial scale operation after 700 continuous adsorption-regeneration runs promises the achievement of copper and nickel recovery from Jinchuan tailings.
Long‐ and Short‐Term Temporal Stability of Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms in Human Left Atrium During Atrial Fibrillation (2008)

CFAEs recorded in the LA during AF display high temporal stability in patients with persistent AF. The clinical significance of our findings warrants further investigation.
Elasticity, Rubber‐like (2001)

Abstract Long, flexible polymer chains with high mobility and weak interchain interactions may be covalently linked together to form network structures. These materials exhibit a unique behavior called rubber‐like elasticity, which is high and reversible deformability (up to 10 times the original dimension). The origin of elasticity at thermodynamic equilibrium is the decrease in entropy of the chains between cross‐linking points resulting from the extension. Elastomers therefore follow thermodynamic laws similar to those for gases. There is a minor intramolecular energetic component in the retractive force which can be extracted from thermoelasticity experiments and is related to conformational energy changes of the chains. Most of the theoretical and experimental works in the field of rubber‐like elasticity have been devoted to the characterization of network structures. Molecular models based on statistical mechanics have been applied to the analysis of equilibrium properties such as stress–strain measurements in uniaxial extension and swelling by a solvent. The real behavior of rubbers is between the predictions of the simple affine and phantom models and is well represented by molecular models which include entanglement constraints. These models associated with topological descriptions of networks are powerful tools to describe network structures.
Scanning Electron Microscopy for Complex Microcircuit Analysis (1978)

Scanning electron microscopy has become an important approach to evaluating both the structural and electrical causes of device failure in complex large scale integrated circuits. This paper will review current activities within the Reliability Branch at RADC which cover assessing device electrical operation using the voltage contrast mode of SEM operation. Important features of the SEM will be described along with a comparison of the voltage contrast information with the data obtained on identical circuits using field effect liquid crystal display techniques. The limitations of SEM analysis of surface sensitive devices will be discussed along with recommendations for a multi-technique approach to complex microcircuit reliability evaluation.
First Synthesis of Glycopeptide Macromonomers and Graft-Type Sugar-Containing Polymers with Glycopeptide Side Chains (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorFirst Synthesis of Glycopeptide Macromonomers and Graft-Type Sugar-Containing Polymers with Glycopeptide Side ChainsKeigo Aoi, Kaname Tsutsumiuchi, Emiko Aoki, and Masahiko OkadaView Author Information Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan Cite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 12, 4456–4458Publication Date (Web):June 3, 1996Publication History Received24 January 1996Revised1 April 1996Published online3 June 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma9601068https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9601068rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views503Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amides,Carbohydrates,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Polymerization Get e-Alerts
A new robust handshake for asymmetric asynchronous micro-pipelines (2003)

In this paper, a new handshake methodology to enhance the performance of the asynchronous micro-pipeline systems is proposed. The proposed handshake methodology has more flexibilities to design an asymmetric asynchronous micro-pipeline system. The proposed handshake methodology also has some advantages, like latch free, robust, high throughput, very short pre-charge time, less transistors, and more flexibility in asymmetry data path. A technique that combines a single-rail dynamic circuit with a dual-rail dynamic circuit was proposed and used to design in the data path. In the critical delay data paths, the dual-rail dynamic circuits were used to improve the operating speed. Others, the single-rail dynamic circuits were used. It brings some advantages that reduce power consumption and die area while maintaining the calculation speed. An asynchronous micro-pipeline array multiplier was designed and implemented by the new robust handshake methodology. Based on the TSMC 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS technology, the simulation results show that the proposed new handshake methodology has shortest latency and more robust property as compare with other handshake methodologies.
Wildfowl in Great Britain (1986)

The Wildfowl Trust (founded by Sir Peter Scott in 1946) has worked actively to promote wildfowl conservation over many years and this volume will surely be recognised as one of its finest achievements. Here in one volume the Wildfowl Trust, supported by the Nature Conservancy Council, presents a synthesis of detailed data collected by a wide range of enthusiasts on the distribution of wildfowl and their major habitats. The importance of sensitive conservation planning is stressed as is the vulnerability of wetlands to modern technology. The international dimension of wildfowl conservation is also well covered, especially by the clear maps of ringing recoveries and migration routes. This book emphasises the need for international action in conserving wetlands and stresses the benefits enjoyed by the fortunate countries endowed with these habitats. By their very presence the spectacular flocks of wildfowl provide one of the strongest arguments to convince laymen, planners and politicians that our wetlands are not wastelands but a very precious and vulnerable part of our heritage.
Thermomechanical properties of liquid‐crystalline epoxy networks arranged by a magnetic field (2004)

Abstract During the curing process of a liquid‐crystalline epoxy resin, a relatively strong magnetic field was applied, and the thermomechanical properties of the cured resin were investigated. The network orientation and mechanical properties of the cured system were evaluated with wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis, and fracture toughness testing. The cured system was found to have an anisotropic network structure, which arranged along the applied field, and the anisotropy was reflected in the thermomechanical properties. In particular, the fracture toughness of the system dramatically increased when the network chains were arranged across the direction of the crack propagation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 758–765, 2004
Bilingually-constrained (monolingual) shift-reduce parsing (2009)

Jointly parsing two languages has been shown to improve accuracies on either or both sides. However, its search space is much bigger than the monolingual case, forcing existing approaches to employ complicated modeling and crude approximations. Here we propose a much simpler alternative, bilingually-constrained monolingual parsing, where a source-language parser learns to exploit reorderings as additional observation, but not bothering to build the target-side tree as well. We show specifically how to enhance a shift-reduce dependency parser with alignment features to resolve shift-reduce conflicts. Experiments on the bilingual portion of Chinese Treebank show that, with just 3 bilingual features, we can improve parsing accuracies by 0.6% (absolute) for both English and Chinese over a state-of-the-art baseline, with negligible (~6%) efficiency overhead, thus much faster than biparsing.
A 40-kS/s 16-bit non-binary SAR ADC in 0.18 CMOS with noise-tunable comparator (2017)

A 16-bit non-binary SAR ADC with noise-tunable comparator for low power consumption is presented. A nonbinary-weighted capacitive DAC with redundancy is used in the ADC to suppress the impact of incomplete settling, capacitor mismatch and kickback from the comparator. A tri-level DAC that reduces switching power improves ADC's power efficiency. A dynamic comparator is designed to implement noise tunability so that the comparator noise level is controlled during conversion depending on the DAC redundancy range to save power consumption. The ADC performance is estimated in simulation with standard CMOS 0.18pm technology, which shows THD of -93.1 dB at Nyquist input while it consumes 32.92pW that results in 39.0 fJ/conv.-step FoM. 31.9 % power reduction is achieved by the proposed noise-tunable comparator.
Rapid synthesis of a TiO2 hollow microsphere assembly from hollow nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity (2013)

A novel hierarchical anatase TiO2 hollow microsphere (TiO2-HMS) assembly synthesised from TiO2 hollow nanoparticles (TiO2-HNP), denoted TiO2-HMS-HNP, was rapidly fabricated by a simple hydrothermal route in a Ti(SO4)2–NH4F–H2O2 mixed solution at 180 °C for only 3 h. The influence of NH4F and H2O2 on the formation of TiO2-HMS-HNP was studied. A novel mechanism for the formation of TiO2-HMS-HNP based on a H2O2-assisted fluoride-induced self-transformation (FIST) process is proposed. The prepared TiO2-HMS-HNP showed much higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2-HMS, when the activity was evaluated both by the photocatalytic degradation rate of brilliant red X-3B (an anionic azo dye) and by the rate of formation of photo-induced hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) under UV irradiation.
Systematic Studies on Photoluminescence of Oligo(arylene‐ethynylene)s: Tunability of Excited States and Derivatization as Luminescent Labeling Probes for Proteins (2006)

Abstract Functionalized oligo(phenylene‐ethynylene)s (OPEs) with different conjugation lengths, p ‐X(C 6 H 4 C≡C) n SiMe 3 ( n = 1–4; X = NH 2 , NMe 2 , H) were synthesized by Sonogashira coupling of (phenylene‐ethynylene)s and 1‐iodo‐4‐(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene, followed by desilylation of the p ‐substituted (trimethylsilylethynyl)benzenes with potassium hydroxide. The photoluminescent properties for the OPE series with different chain lengths and their solvatochromic responses were examined. The absorption maxima were red‐shifted with increasing numbers of –(C 6 H 4 C≡C)– units ( n ), and a linear plot of the absorption energy maxima vs. 1/ n was obtained for each series. The emission spectra in dichloromethane showed a broad and structureless band, the energies of which (in wavenumbers) also fit linearly with 1/ n . Both the absorption and emission wavelength maxima of the NH 2 ‐ and NMe 2 ‐substituted OPEs exhibited significant solvent dependence, whereas the parent OPEs (X = H) showed only minor shifts of the λ max values in different solvents. Substituent effects upon the photoluminescent characteristics of the OPEs and the tunability of the excited states were examined with the p ‐X(C 6 H 4 C≡C) n SiMe 3 ( n = 2, 3; X = NH 2 , NMe 2 , H, SMe, OMe, OH, and F) series. The H‐ and F‐substituted counterparts exhibited high‐energy vibronically structured emissions attributed to the 3 (ππ*) excited states of the (arylene‐ethynylene) backbone. For compounds bearing NH 2 and NMe 2 groups, a broad red‐shifted emission with a remarkable Stokes shift from the respective absorption maximum was observed, which can be assigned to an n → π* transition. The n → π* assignment was supported by MO calculations on the model compounds p ‐X(C 6 H 4 C≡C) 2 SiH 3 (X = NH 2 , H). Functionalization of the oligo(arylene‐ethynylene)s with the N ‐hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) moiety enabled covalent attachment of the fluorophore to HSA protein molecules. A series of fluorescent labels, namely p ‐X(C 6 H 4 C≡C) n C 6 H 4 NHS, ( n = 1, X = NH 2 , NMe 2 , SMe, OMe, OH, F; n = 2, X = NH 2 , NMe 2 ) and p ‐Me 2 NC 6 H 4 C≡C(C 4 H 2 S)C≡CC 6 H 4 NHS were synthesized, and their conjugates with HSA (human serum albumin) were characterized by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and gel electrophoresis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Using Geomagnetic Field for Indoor Positioning (2013)

Geomagnetic field variation in support to indoor positioning and navigation has recently attracted considerable interest because of the advantage that technology based on the geomagnetic field has no infrastructure needs. Test using sensitive magnetometers has confirmed that it is possible to use geomagnetic field information for positioning purposes, however there are still issues to be addressed before it can be used in real applications. For example, are the low cost built-in magnetometers in mobile phones good enough for positioning purposes based on "fingerprinting" approaches? Is the geomagnetic field temporally stable for very long period of time? Tests have been carried out using several devices including smart phones. Because geomagnetic field positioning techniques alone may have difficulties, integration with other positioning methods is necessary. Wi-Fi is one of the obvious technology options. One approach is using Wi-Fi to first estimate approximate position, and then applying geomagnetic field information to refine position estimation. An experiment was carried out to test the proposed approach, and the error of fingerprintbased magnetic field positioning was analysed.
Surface Plasmon Standing Waves in Large-Area Subwavelength Hole Arrays (2005)

A flexible and parallel procedure to generate large-area, free-standing films of subwavelength hole arrays has been demonstrated. This method is materials-general, and multilayered films of different materials were constructed. The optical quality of these films was tested using a near-field scanning optical microscope, which revealed the formation of surface plasmon standing wave patterns that were consistent with numerical simulations. Because the properties of the holes and the film materials can be easily tailored, new types of plasmonic and photonic devices can be envisioned and tested.
Electrostatically-driven elastomer components for user-reconfigurable high density microfluidics (2009)

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of an electrostatically actuated user-reconfigurable elastomer microfluidic system intended for very large scale integration (VLSI) microfluidics. By adding thin film metal flexures into the PDMS polymer, individual elastomer channels were made to self-close without the use of pneumatics via the application of 15-20 V, 5 MHz signals synthesized digitally by a microcontroller and a radio-frequency amplifier IC. These valves were arranged into hexagonal or quadricular arrays with 75% fill factor. During use, valves were selected to be permanently closed, permanently open or addressable; this allowed for the on-the-fly determination of channels, valves and pumps. We present characterization of flow and pressure data for valves and pumps and demonstrate various multi-component configurations of the system capable of pumping, mixing, splitting and circulating flow. The presented technology is compatible with standard PDMS microfluidics, has actuation voltages low enough to be driven by commercial CMOS IC's and can be used to displace aqueous, gaseous and lipid phases. The primary contribution of this technology is to provide a scalable non-pneumatic platform for the very large scale integration of microfluidic total analysis systems.
Passive ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder interleaver on silicon-on-insulator (2008)

A passive ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical interleaver comprising a Y-bench, a 3-dB directional coupler, a ring-resonator, and a delay line is proposed. The interleaver is fabricated with 300 nm x 300 nm silicon wires on silicon-on-insulator. The fabricated interleaver demonstrates a flat-top spectral response. The measured free-spectral range is approximately 4 nm, the insertion loss is approximately -8 dB, and the crosstalk is <- 10 dB. Both the experimental and simulation results are in good agreement.
Non-traditional brickwork (1972)

The vertically perforated or “V” brick shown in Fig. 15(A) was designed by the Building Research Station to provide a single leaf wall equivalent to traditional cavity wall construction but at a lower cost.
Modulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore. I. Evidence for two separate Me2+ binding sites with opposing effects on the pore open probability. (1993)

This paper reports an investigation on the regulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore (MTP). Energized, coupled rat liver mitochondria incubated in sucrose medium in the presence of phosphate maintain a high proton electrochemical gradient (delta microH) and a low permeability to solutes. Addition of a small (10-20 microM) Ca2+ pulse leads to a transient membrane depolarization. After Ca2+ accumulation, a high delta microH is recovered, and mitochondria remain coupled indefinitely. Yet, addition of fully uncoupling concentrations of carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone (FCCP) brings about MTP opening within seconds. This finding confirms that MTP opening is the consequence rather than the cause of membrane depolarization, and allowed us to study the operation of the MTP in a synchronized population of mitochondria, since pore opening can be triggered by the addition of uncoupler under a series of experimental conditions. We find that three regulatory sites can be defined: (i) an internal Me2+ binding site: when this site is occupied by Ca2+, the pore "open" probability increases, while other Me2+ ions (Sr2+, Mn2+) have an inhibitory effect; (ii) an external Me2+ binding site: when this site is occupied by Me2+ ions, including Ca2+, the pore open probability decreases; (iii) an independent cyclosporin A binding site: when this site is occupied by cyclosporin A the pore open probability decreases. We show that at variance from the case of cyclosporin A, MTP inhibition by the phospholipase A2 inhibitors nupercaine and trifluoperazine is Ca(2+)-competitive and is presumably related to interference by these drugs with Ca2+ binding to the internal regulatory site.
Partial repair of deamidation-damaged calmodulin by protein carboxyl methyltransferase. (1987)

Modification of calmodulin by protein carboxyl methyltransferase requires deamidation of one or more labile asparagine residues (Johnson, B.A., Freitag, N. E., and Aswad, D. W. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 10913-10916). We now show that deamidation results in the generation of two altered forms of calmodulin, designated A and B, which can be separated by electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions. The A form is characterized by a larger apparent molecular radius, has only 10% the activity of native calmodulin when assayed for its ability to activate a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase from rat brain, and serves as an excellent substrate for the methyltransferase. The B form more closely resembles native calmodulin: it has an apparent molecular radius more like the native, exhibits about 40% the activity of native calmodulin, and is a relatively poor methyl acceptor. Evidence suggests that the A and B forms probably contain isoaspartate (A) and aspartate (B) in place of Asn-60 and/or Asn-97. Incubation of the A form with methyltransferase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine converts about half of the A form to an electrophoretic band indistinguishable from the B form. The activity of this partly converted calmodulin rises to 30-50% that of native calmodulin. These observations imply that the methyltransferase may have a biological role in restoring activity to proteins which contain abnormal isoaspartyl peptide bonds resulting from asparagine deamidation.