gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
8-Amino-adenosine induces loss of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and Akt kinase: Role in induction of apoptosis in multiple myeloma (2005)

Multiple myeloma is a slowly proliferating B-cell malignancy that accumulates apoptosis-resistant and replication-quiescent cell populations, posing a challenge for current chemotherapeutics that target rapidly replicating cells. Multiple myeloma remains an incurable disease in need of new therapeutic approaches. The purine nucleoside analogue, 8-amino-adenosine (8-NH2-Ado), exhibits potent activity in preclinical studies, inducing apoptosis in several multiple myeloma cell lines. This cytotoxic effect requires phosphorylation of 8-NH2-Ado to its triphosphate form, 8-amino-ATP, and results in a concomitant loss of endogenous ATP levels. Here, we show the novel effect of 8-NH2-Ado on the phosphorylation status of key cellular signaling molecules. Multiple myeloma cells treated with 8-NH2-Ado exhibit a dramatic loss of phosphorylation of several important signaling proteins, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Akt kinase. Cells depleted of ATP independent of 8-NH2-Ado do not exhibit the same decrease in phosphorylation of vital cellular proteins. Therefore, the significant shifts in endogenous ATP pools caused by 8-NH2-Ado treatment cannot account for the changes in phosphorylation levels. Instead, 8-NH2-Ado may influence the activity of select regulatory protein kinases and/or phosphatases, with preliminary data suggesting that protein phophatase 2A activity is affected by 8-NH2-Ado. The distinctive effect of 8-NH2-Ado on the phosphorylation status of cellular proteins is a novel phenomenon for a nucleoside analogue drug and is unique to 8-NH2-Ado among this class of drugs. The kinetics of 8-NH2-Ado-mediated changes in phosphorylation levels of critical prosurvival and apoptosis-regulating proteins suggests that the modulation of these proteins by dephosphorylation at early time points may be an important mechanistic step in 8-NH2-Ado-induced apoptosis.
Forecasting at Scale (2017)

Forecasting is a common data science task that helps organizations with capacity planning, goal setting, and anomaly detection. Despite its importance, there are serious challenges associated with producing reliable and high-quality forecasts—especially when there are a variety of time series and analysts with expertise in time series modeling are relatively rare. To address these challenges, we describe a practical approach to forecasting “at scale” that combines configurable models with analyst-in-the-loop performance analysis. We propose a modular regression model with interpretable parameters that can be intuitively adjusted by analysts with domain knowledge about the time series. We describe performance analyses to compare and evaluate forecasting procedures, and automatically flag forecasts for manual review and adjustment. Tools that help analysts to use their expertise most effectively enable reliable, practical forecasting of business time series.
Buoyancy Effect of Ionic Vacancy on the Change of the Partial Molar Volume in Ferricyanide-Ferrocyanide Redox Reaction under a Vertical Gravity Field (2013)

With a gravity electrode (GE) in a vertical gravity field, the buoyancy effect of ionic vacancy on the change of the partial molar volume in the redox reaction between ferricyanide (FERRI) and ferrocyanide (FERRO) ions was examined. The buoyancy force of ionic vacancy takes a positive or negative value, depending on whether the rate-determining step is the production or extinction of the vacancy. Though the upward convection over an upward electrode in the FERRO ion oxidation suggests the contribution of the positive buoyancy force arising from the vacancy production, the partial molar volume of the vacancy was not measured. On the other hand, for the downward convection under a downward electrode in the FERRI ion reduction, it was not completely but partly measured by the contribution of the negative buoyancy force from the vacancy extinction. Since the lifetime of the vacancy is decreased by the collision between ionic vacancies during the convection, the former result was ascribed to the shortened lifetime due to the increasing collision efficiency in the enhanced upward convection over an upward electrode, whereas the latter was thought to arise from the elongated lifetime due to the decreasing collision efficiency by the stagnation under the downward electrode.
Nanosecond photoacoustic studies on ultraviolet laser ablation of organic polymers (1986)

Wide bandwidth polyvinylidenefluoride film piezoelectric transducers have been used to make time-resolved measurements of stress waves generated by ablation and subthreshold thermoelastic mechanisms in excimer laser irradiated polymers. At high fluence, ablation commences within 4–6 ns of the start of the laser pulse and generates short acoustic impulses (∼20 ns) with peak stresses ≥107 Pa (∼100 atm).
CURRENT STATUS AND TRENDS OF POLYPROPYLENE FIBER (1996)

The article gives the exposition that the development of the PP fiber and its raw material fiber-grade PP technologies has promoted the PP fiber position in synthetic fibers frequently. Suggestions for developing PP fiber in our country are also presented.
Engineering the dispersion of tapered fibers for supercontinuum generation with a 1064 nm pump laser (2005)

We experimentally demonstrate dispersion tailoring of tapered fibers by immersing them in fluids. We obtain a 1200 nm wide supercontinuum in a train of two tapered fibers pumped by a low-cost diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser with a pulse width of 0.6 ns and an output power of 40 mW, where one tapered fiber is immersed in heavy water. To our knowledge, this is the widest spectrum ever generated with a system of such simplicity.
Contrast enhancement algorithm considering surrounding information by illumination image (2014)

We propose a contrast enhancement algorithm considering surrounding information by illumination image. Conventional contrast enhancement techniques can be classified as a retinex-based method and a tone mapping function-based method. However, many retinex methods suffer from high-computational costs or halo artifacts. To cope with these problems, efficient edge-preserving smoothing methods have been researched. Tone mapping function-based methods are limited in terms of enhancement since they are applied without considering surrounding information. To solve these problems, we estimate an illumination image with local adaptive smoothness, and then utilize it as surrounding information. The local adaptive smoothness is calculated by using illumination image properties and an edge-adaptive filter based on the just noticeable difference model. Additionally, we employ a resizing method instead of a blur kernel to reduce the computational cost of illumination estimation. The estimated illumination image is incorporated with the tone mapping function to address the limitations of the tone mapping function-based method. With this approach, the amount of local contrast enhancement is increased. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm enhances both global and local contrasts and produces better performance in objective evaluation metrics while preventing a halo artifact.
Cloning of a gamma 2b gene encoding anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa H chains and its introduction into the germ line of mice. (1988)

A complete, functional gamma 2b gene (pVCM) was cloned from a mouse hybridoma (VD93) with antibody activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DNA sequencing of the VDJ region of pVCM determined that the VH gene was a member of the J558 family rearranged to JH2. Upon transfection into myeloma cells the gamma 2b gene gave rise to high levels of gamma 2b mRNA and gamma 2b protein. The gamma 2b protein had the same IEF pattern as the parent hybridoma protein VD93 and the antibodies formed from a combination of the pVCM gamma 2b chains and the myeloma lambda-chains bound weakly to P. aeruginosa. However, the hybrid antibodies did not discriminate between the serotypes 2 and 3, whereas the parent protein was specific for serotype 3. Transgenic mice were produced with the pVCM gamma 2b gene which expressed the gamma 2b mRNA (both membrane and secreted forms) only in lymphoid organs. However, contrary to expectations, the gamma 2b mRNA levels were higher in T cells than in B cells in three different transgenic lines. The serum of the transgenic mice had no activity to P. aeruginosa indicating the importance of L chains for the conformation of the Ag binding site. These gamma 2b transgenic mice provide a convenient tool for the study of feedback inhibition of Ig gene rearrangement.
Structure and function of <i>ASP</i>, the human homolog of the mouse <i>agouti</i> gene (1995)

The mouse agouti coat color gene encodes a novel paracrine signaling molecule whose pulsatile expression produces a characteristic pattern of banded pigment in individual hairs. Several spontaneous agouti alleles produce adult-onset obesity and diabetes, and have provided important single-gene animal models for alterations in energy metabolism. Utilizing linkage groups conserved between mice and humans, we have cloned the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene from a human chromosome 20 yeast artificial chromosome known to contain S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase (AHCY). The human agouti gene, named Agouti Signaling Protein (ASP), encodes a 132 amino acid protein, the mRNA for which is expressed in testis, ovary, and heart, and at lower levels in liver, kidney, and foreskin. As predicted by the interactions of mouse agouti with the extension gene (which encodes the melanocyte receptor for alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone [alpha-MSH]), expression of ASP in transgenic mice produces a yellow coat, and expression of ASP in cell culture blocks the alpha-MSH-stimulated accumulation of cAMP in mouse melanoma cells. The localization of ASP relative to other loci on chromosome 20 excludes it as a candidate for the MODY1 locus, a gene responsible for one form of early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or maturity-onset diabetes of the young. The expression of ASP in human tissues suggests a function for agouti homologs in species that do not exhibit the characteristic phenotype of banded hairs.
Quantification of shallow water quality parameters by means of remote sensing (2003)

Quantification of quality parameters of inland and near shore waters by means of remote sensing has encountered varying degrees of success in spite of the high variability of the parameters under consideration and limitations of remote sensors themselves. This paper comprehensively evaluates the quantification of four types of water quality parameters: inorganic sediment particles, phytoplankton pigments, coloured dissolved organic material and Secchi disk depth. It concentrates on quantification requirements, as well as the options in selecting the most appropriate sensor data for the purpose. Relevant factors, such as quantification implementation and validation of the quantified results are also extensively discussed. This review reveals that the relationship between in situ samples and their corresponding remotely sensed data can be linear or nonlinear, but are nearly always site-specific. The quantification has been attempted from terrestrial satellite data largely for suspended sediments and chlorophyll concentrations. The quantification has been implemented through integration of remotely sensed imagery data, in situ water samples and ancillary data in a geographic information system (GIS). The introduction of GIS makes the quantification feasible for more variables at an increasingly higher accuracy. Affected by the number and quality of in situ samples, accuracy of quantification has been reported in different ways and varies widely.
Regenerative medicine: Current therapies and future directions (2015)

Organ and tissue loss through disease and injury motivate the development of therapies that can regenerate tissues and decrease reliance on transplantations. Regenerative medicine, an interdisciplinary field that applies engineering and life science principles to promote regeneration, can potentially restore diseased and injured tissues and whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, a number of regenerative medicine therapies, including those designed for wound healing and orthopedics applications, have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and are now commercially available. These therapies and other regenerative medicine approaches currently being studied in preclinical and clinical settings will be covered in this review. Specifically, developments in fabricating sophisticated grafts and tissue mimics and technologies for integrating grafts with host vasculature will be discussed. Enhancing the intrinsic regenerative capacity of the host by altering its environment, whether with cell injections or immune modulation, will be addressed, as well as methods for exploiting recently developed cell sources. Finally, we propose directions for current and future regenerative medicine therapies.
Evaluation of a High-Purity and High-Stability Continuous Generation System for Nitrous Acid (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of a High-Purity and High-Stability Continuous Generation System for Nitrous AcidAntonio. Febo, Cinzia. Perrino, Monica. Gherardi, and Roberto. SparapaniCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 9, 2390–2395Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00009a035https://doi.org/10.1021/es00009a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views589Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Syntheses of macrocyclic enzyme models. Part 6. Preparation and guest-binding behaviour of octopus cyclophanes (1988)

The following octopus cyclophanes constructed with a rigid macrocyclic skeleton and eight flexible hydrocarbon chains were prepared: N,N′,N″,N‴-tetrakis(2-{N-[1-(N,N-ditetradecylcarbamoyl)-5-ammoniopentyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)-3,10,21,28-tetraoxo-2,11,20,29-tetra-aza[3.3.3.3]paracyclophane tetrachloride [APC(C2Lys2C14)4] and N,N′,N″,N‴-tetrakis[2-(N-{1-(N,N-ditetradecylcarbamoyl)-1[5-(trimethylammonio)pentanecarboxamido]pentan-5-yl}carbamoyl)ethyl]-3,10,21,28-tetraoxo-2,11,20,29-tetra-aza[3.3.3.3]paracyclophane tetrabromide {APC[C2Lys(C5N+)2C14]4}. These host molecules provide cavities that are deep and hydrophobic enough to incorporate hydrophobic guests of various bulkiness through an induced-fit mechanism originating from the flexible character of the alkyl branches. Both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions come into effect in the host–guest complexation process, so that the molecuuar recognition is exercised by the present hosts towards guest molecules. As regards the inclusion equilibrium between APC[C2Lys(C5N+)2C14]4 and pyrene, formation of both 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 (host: guest) complexes was remarkably favoured. The hydrophobic cage provided by the octopus cyclophane is highly apolar and acts to repress the molecular motion of guests; this was confirmed by fluorescence and fluorescence polarization spectroscopy, respectively. Both 2-azidobiphenyl and pyrene were simultaneously incorporated into the cyclophane cage as evidenced by kinetic analysis, and the pyrene-sensitized photolysis of the former species was enhanced under such conditions. The results imply that the octopus cyclophanes can be utilized as effective apoenzyme models for simulation of enzymatic functions.
A comparison of attenuation correction methods for quantitative single photon emission computed tomography (1983)

Transverse section tomograms of experimental phantoms and patients have been obtained using a GE 400T camera and a filtered back-projection reconstruction technique. These tomograms have been compared with the corresponding sections reconstructed from the same tomographic projection data, but using iterative algorithms with correction for photon attenuation. The comparison assesses the importance of including a correction for attenuation as well as demonstrating how closely a simple geometric attenuation correction, applied to the filtered back-projection reconstruction method, approximates to a more accurate correction incorporated in the computation of line integrals during iterative reconstruction. A comparison is also made between the behaviour of reconstruction algorithms with simulated projection data and real data in terms of convergence properties, and some shortcomings arising from simulation are noted.
Induced Differentiation of Geranium Plants from Undifferentiated Callus In vitro (1969)

Geranium callus produced from explants of stem tip, internode pith with vascular tissue on synthetic media with or without coconut milk and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid grew well for many generations, but only tracheids were induced in them. If callus produced on these media was subcultured immediately on Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.1 mg/liter/α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 10.0 mg/liter kinetin (K) and incubated at 16/8-hr light/dark cycle, shoots were induced in 8-10 weeks and roots in another 8-10 weeks. Callus produced on the MS medium with the same supplements of NAA and K, subcultured on the same medium and incubated in 16/8-hr light/dark cycle, produced shoots in 6-8 weeks. However, on callus subcultured more than three times, shoots differentiated with greater difficulty and none differentiated after six subcultures. Some abnormal shoot-like structures were also produced, the cells of which showed virus-like inclusion bodies. Requirements of the different varieties for differentiating organs differed. Among 12/12-, 15/9-, 16/8-, and 20/4-hr light/dark photoperiods that induced differentiation, 15/9- and 16/8-hr were more effective than the others. Continuous illumination did not induce differentiation. Differentiated shoots formed roots more readily on a medium with reversed proportions of auxin and kinetin. On agar roots were devoid of root hairs. Root hairs were formed when the shoots and plantlets were cultured on filter-paper bridges. Many “mother” stock plants were produced. These are being studied for their growth qualities and for possible viruses and other pathogens.
LASER DOPPLER VELOCITY MEASUREMENT WITHOUT DIRECTIONAL AMBIGUITY BY USING FREQUENCY SHIFTED INCIDENT BEAMS (1970)

A simple laser Doppler heterodyning system has been developed where velocities in any set of orthogonal axes can be measured without the directional ambiguity of 180°. The method employs a two-incident-beam heterodyning system where the two incident beams used are of different frequencies. This is accomplished by using a rotating diffraction grating or by employing a Bragg cell. The Doppler signal from the moving scatterer is no longer an ``even'' function of velocity and the frequency bias can be adjusted depending on the maximum value of the velocity to be measured.
GRIN-SCH AlGaInAs/InP quantum-well lasers emitting at 1300 nm (1989)

Buried-ridge GRIN-SCH quantum-well lasers operating at 1·3 μm with an AlGaInAs continuously graded separate confinement region and with AlGaInAs quantum wells have been demonstrated with CW threshold currents of 65 mA.
Are atypical depression, borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder overlapping manifestations of a common cyclothymic diathesis? (2011)

The constructs of atypical depression, bipolar II disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) overlap. We explored the relationships between these constructs and their temperamental underpinnings. We examined 107 consecutive patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode with atypical features. Those who also met the DSM-IV criteria for BPD (BPD+), compared with those who did not (BPD-), had a significantly higher lifetime comorbidity for body dysmorphic disorder, bulimia nervosa, narcissistic, dependent and avoidant personality disorders, and cyclothymia. BPD+ also scored higher on the Atypical Depression Diagnostic Scale items of mood reactivity, interpersonal sensitivity, functional impairment, avoidance of relationships, other rejection avoidance, and on the Hopkins Symptoms Check List obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, anger-hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism factors. Logistic regression revealed that cyclothymic temperament accounted for much of the relationship between atypical depression and BPD, predicting 6 of 9 of the defining DSM-IV attributes of the latter. Trait mood lability (among BPD patients) and interpersonal sensitivity (among atypical depressive patients) appear to be related as part of an underlying cyclothymic temperamental matrix.
A Nonlinear Program for Angular-Velocity Estimation From Centripetal-Acceleration Measurements (2010)

Measuring the trajectory of a rigid body in space is commonly done using an inertial measurement unit composed of one triaxial accelerometer and one triaxial gyroscope. When the rigid body undergoes high accelerations, it is often preferable to resort to an array of accelerometers rather than the traditional accelerometer-gyroscope combination, an approach that is now common in crashworthiness and other biomechanics applications. In this paper, we present an algorithm for the estimation of the rigid-body angular velocity from the centripetal components of the accelerations measured by the array of accelerometers. The proposed algorithm and the others available in the literature were benchmarked using the accelerometer array octahedral constellation of twelve accelerometers. In the reported testing conditions, the proposed method is slightly more robust than any other based on centripetal-acceleration measurements.
Breeding strategies for forest trees: Concepts and challenges (2001)

Abstract This paper describes some recent developments that affect the way forest geneticists think about breeding strategies for forest trees. The topics are grouped into several categories: (1) General Concepts; (2) Breeding Population Size; (3) Breeding Population Structure; (4) Management of the Breeding Population; and (5) Incorporating New Technologies in Tree Improvement Programs. The last major section on new technologies highlights: (1) The increasing importance of hybrid breeding in tree improvement programs: (2)The potential of somatic embryogenesis as a biotechnology leading to clonal forestry for some commercially-important species; and (3)The need for forest tree breeders and molecular geneticists to work together to incorporate promising new technologies into applied breeding programs.