gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-performance liquid-chromatographic measurement of plasma creatinine in newborns. (1992)

This HPLC method for measuring plasma creatinine is based on cation-exchange chromatography and is particularly suitable for use with specimens from babies. A short chromatographic run is performed after simple protein precipitation with zinc sulfate and addition of an internal standard, N-methylnicotinamide. The standard curve for the method is linear up to 200 mumol/L, and analytical recovery of added creatinine is between 101% and 103%. Between-batch precision (CV) is less than 3% for mean creatinine values of 103 and 164 mumol/L. The method is free of interference from other metabolic components and drugs commonly used in neonates in routine clinical practice. Using specimens from neonates, I compared this method with a routinely used automated alkaline picrate method (from Randox Labs., performed on a Cobas MIRA analyzer). Linear-regression analysis yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.90, a slope of 1.00, and an intercept of +0.8 mumol/L. This HPLC method for creatinine should be of use in those circumstances where the alkaline picrate method is known to produce dubious results; however, the latter method is probably more suitable for routine use.
Resource Selection Using Execution and Queue Wait Time Predictions (2002)

Computational grids provide users with many possible places to execute their applications. We wish to help users select where to run their applications by providing predictions of the execution times of applications on space shared parallel computers and predictions of when scheduling systems for such parallel computers will start applications. Our predictions are based on instance based learning techniques and simulations of scheduling algorithms. We find that our execution time prediction techniques have an average error of 37 percent of the execution times for trace data recorded from SGI Origins at NASA Ames Research Center and that this error is 67 percent lower than the error of user estimates. We also find that the error when predicting how long applications will wait in scheduling queues is 95 percent of mean queue wait times when using our execution time predictions and this is 57 percent lower than if we use user execution time estimates. 1.
Accelerating sparse matrix-matrix multiplication with 3D-stacked logic-in-memory hardware (2013)

This paper introduces a 3D-stacked logic-in-memory (LiM) system to accelerate the processing of sparse matrix data that is held in a 3D DRAM system. We build a customized content addressable memory (CAM) hardware structure to exploit the inherent sparse data patterns and model the LiM based hardware accelerator layers that are stacked in between DRAM dies for the efficient sparse matrix operations. Through silicon vias (TSVs) are used to provide the required high inter-layer bandwidth. Furthermore, we adapt the algorithm and data structure to fully leverage the underlying hardware capabilities, and develop the necessary design framework to facilitate the design space evaluation and LiM hardware synthesis. Our simulation demonstrates more than two orders of magnitude of performance and energy efficiency improvements compared with the traditional multithreaded software implementation on modern processors.
Polymorphic Membrane Protein (PMP) 20 and PMP 21 of<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i>Induce Proinflammatory Mediators in Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro by Activation of the Nuclear Factor‐κB Pathway (2003)

We tested whether polymorphic membrane proteins (PMPs) of Chlamydia pneumoniae might play a role in triggering an inflammatory response in human endothelial cells. Of 15 purified, recombinant chlamydial PMPs tested, 2 (PMP 20 and PMP 21) dose-dependently increased the production of the inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in cultured human endothelial cells; production of IL-8 was also increased. When endothelial cells were infected by live C. pneumoniae, an increase in the production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 was seen. We used adenovirus-induced overexpression of IkappaBalpha-an inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB-to demonstrate that PMP 20 and PMP 21 increase the production of IL-6 and MCP-1 in human endothelial cells by activation of the NF-kappaB pathway, because, in cells overexpressing IkappaBalpha, treatment with the respective PMP did not result in increased production of IL-6 and MCP-1. Thus, C. pneumoniae could, by interactions of its PMPs with the endothelium, contribute to the process of vascular injury during the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions.
Multi-Antenna FSR Receivers: Low Complexity, Non-Coherent, Massive Antenna Receivers (2018)

Many 5G applications require low complexity transceivers that can exploit the benefits of massive antenna arrays while still maintaining low hardware, energy and computation costs. As a solution, this paper proposes a novel multi- antenna frequency shift reference (MA-FSR) receiver that uses only one down-conversion chain, supports single spatial-stream wide-band transmission with non-coherent demodulation, and can perform receive beamforming without requiring phase-shifters, explicit channel estimation, or complicated signal processing. In MA-FSR a reference tone is transmitted along with the data. At each receive antenna, the received signal for the data is correlated with the received signal for the reference, via a squaring operation, thereby compensating for the inter-antenna phase shift. The resulting signals are then summed and fed to a single down-conversion chain. In this paper, performance of the MA-FSR receiver is studied analytically and a near-optimal power allocation policy for the reference and data signals is proposed. Simulations suggest that the signal-to-noise ratio for MA-FSR is around 9 dB lower than that of coherent analog beamforming, although the bandwidth efficiency is also reduced to 50%. Several extensions to MA-FSR that can achieve better performance, though with a higher hardware cost, are also discussed.
Serum Sialic Acid Levels in Lung Cancer Patients (1976)

The levels of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (sialic acid) in normal men and pre-and post-menopausal women were determined. Smoking post-menopausal estrogen therapy, oral contraceptives, and refreezing had no effects on sialic acid levels. Pre-treatment values from patients with lung carcinoma showed markedly elevated levels of sialic acid (0.697 +/- 0.149 muM/ml) as compared to those from normal controls (0.432 +/- 0.067 muM/ml). The potential usefulness of sialic acid as a biological marker is discussed.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Infants (1984)

Fourteen infants with clinical and laboratory features of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were identified in a single metropolitan area from November 1980 to July 1983. Patients were predominantly of Haitian parentage, although two cases occurred in offspring of non-Haitian intravenous drug abusers. Only one patient had received a blood transfusion before the development of clinical findings. The predominant clinical findings included failure to thrive, persistent infection of the oral mucosa by Candida albicans, chronic pulmonary infiltrates, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and diarrhea. Immunologic studies showed most of the infants to have inverted ratios of T-cell subsets, greatly increased immunoglobulin levels, and circulating immune complexes. Lymphopenia was not common, as it is in adult patients. Infectious agents responsible for opportunistic infections in this series included Pneumocystis carinii, herpesviruses, particularly cytomegalovirus, and C. albicans. Bacterial infections were common, and gram-negative sepsis was the major cause of death in the seven infants who have died. At autopsy, two infants had disseminated lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma. These observations suggest the likelihood of transplacental, perinatal, or postnatal transmission of an as yet unidentified infectious agent that causes this disease.
Robots cut risks and costs in nuclear power plants (1991)

Teleoperated robots used to reduce employee exposure to radiation and to achieve measurable and often significant cost savings are described. The robots are mobile, people-machine systems, with a human in the loop guiding their movements and operation. They are remotely operated vehicles that consist of three systems: a computer, a sensor, and a mechanical structure. They go into controlled radiation areas and perform routine surveillance and inspection tasks. Present and future applications of teleoperated robots in power plants are identified. Three robots used at the author's company are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Condensation polymerization of triphenylamine with carbonyl compounds (1999)

Triphenylamine (TPA) was reacted with carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, and acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst. 1H and 13C NMR spectra revealed that the carbonyl compounds react only at the p-position of TPA. The reactivity of formaldehyde with TPA is lower than that with phenol. If equal molar amounts of formaldehyde are reacted, however, TPA condensation proceeds to high molecular weight polymers, while phenol provides only low molecular weight compounds (up to 1 000). TPA-aldehyde polymers have glass transition temperatures in the range of 135 – 176°C. These polymers show good solubility and sufficient stability after film formation.
Phred-Phrap package to analyses tools: a pipeline to facilitate population genetics re-sequencing studies (2011)

We tested the pipeline in re-sequencing studies of haploid and diploid data in humans, plants, animals and microorganisms and observed that it allowed a substantial decrease in the time required for sequencing analyses, as well as being a more controlled process that eliminates several classes of error that may occur when handling datasets. The pipeline is also useful for investigators using other tools for sequencing and population genetics analyses.
Synthesis and Characterization of Neurotensin Analogues for Structure/Activity Relationship Studies (1982)

Neurotensin and several sequence analogues have been synthesized using solid‐phase technology. The purity of the following derivatives: neurotensin, neurotensin‐(10–13), neurotensin‐(9–13). neurotensin‐(8–13), neurotensin‐(6–13), neurotensin‐(4–13), [Cit 8 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Lys 8 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Cit 9 ]neurotensin‐(8–13),[Lys 9 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Phe 11 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Ala 12 ]neurotensin‐(8–13) and [Ala 13 ]‐ neurotensin‐(8–13) was verified by amino acid analyses after acid and enzymatic hydrolyses. reverse‐phase high‐ performance liquid chromatography in two systems and Edman degradation. The above analogues, those obtained after N‐acetylation of neurotensin‐(6–13), neurotensin‐(8–13), [Cit 8 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Cit 9 ]‐ neurotensin‐(8–13), [Lys 8 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), [Lys 9 ]neurotensin‐(8–13) and [Phe 11 ]neurotensin‐(8–13), as well as native xenopsin, were all tested for binding competition with [ 3 H]neurotensin on the specific fixation sites of rat brain synaptosomal membranes and on those of HT 29 cells. In addition to these radioreceptor assays on neural and extraneural targets, a pharmacological test (contraction of guinea pig ileum in the presence of neostigmine) was used to compare the behavior of the synthetic analogues. The use of these three biological systems enabled us to obtain consistent results. A good parallel was observed between the degree of fixation and pharmacological effects for entire neurotensin and for C‐terminal region analogues up to the size of neurotensin‐ (8–13). The two peptides neurotensin‐(6‐ 13) and neurotensin‐(4–13) had an abnormally high affinity for rat brain synaptic membrane binding sites compared to a relatively low contracting activity. The C‐terminal peptide ‐Arg‐Arg‐Pro‐Tyr‐Ile‐Leu fulfills all the structural requirements for mimicking the entire sequence, provided its α‐amino end is protected by acetylation. The guanidinium structure of residues 8 and 9 are not of vital importance, since they could be efficiently replaced by amino groups of lysyl side chains. Xenopsin, which can be considered as a natural analogue of neurotensin‐(8–13), acts similarly to acetyl‐neurotensin‐(8–13). Removal of the phenolic function of residue 11 induces a decrease in neurotensin effects. The C‐terminal isoleucyl and leucyl residues could not be replaced by alanine without complete loss of the three activities tested.
Lessons learned prototyping an SGML-based computerized document management system (1997)

In developing new ways to publish vast amounts of information, many technical communication teams face problems that go far beyond the challenges of one book, a series of books, or even a series of CD-ROMs. Technical communicators begin to face a constellation of problems that are more like those that have plagued software development since it became a distinct profession in the 1960s. At first a project seems promising. Then, as the work begins and progresses, we become enmeshed in interlocking problems of management, purchasing, staffing, training, installation, integration, and vision. This article summarizes the lessons learned from a major effort to use the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) to pull together into a single, accessible, electronic "publication" large amounts of very complicated information.
Narrow beam tapered thickness waveguide integrated BH MQW laser operation at high temperatures (2002)

Summary form only given. High temperature operation of a tapered thickness waveguide BH MQW Q-switched laser with a narrow beam divergence of 8" has been demonstrated by optimization of the current injection profile and BH structure.
A 5.8-GHz Wideband TSPC Divide-by-16/17 Dual Modulus Prescaler (2014)

A high-speed CMOS TSPC divide-by-16/17 dual modulus prescaler is proposed. The speed of the prescaler is improved in two aspects. First, by adopting a new pseudo divide-by-2/3 prescaler, the minimum working period is effectively reduced by half a NOR gate's delay. Second, by changing the connection of TSPC D-Flip-Flops, the minimum working period is further reduced by half an inverter's delay. Simulation results show that the maximum operating frequency of the proposed circuit is improved by ~40% compared with conventional circuit. Fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS process, the proposed circuit is capable of operating up to 5.8 GHz. The power consumption is 2.6 mW at the maximum operating frequency under 1.6 V supply voltage.
Bioethanol: fuel or feedstock? (2007)

Abstract Increasing amounts of bioethanol are being produced from fermentation of biomass, mainly to counteract the continuing depletion of fossil resources and the consequential escalation of oil prices. Today, bioethanol is mainly utilized as a fuel or fuel additive in motor vehicles, but it could also be used as a versatile feedstock in the chemical industry. Currently the production of carbon‐containing commodity chemicals is dependent on fossil resources, and more than 95% of these chemicals are produced from non‐renewable carbon resources. The question is: what will be the optimal use of bioethanol in a longer perspective? Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Engineering of the Nonspecific Phospholipase C from <i>Bacillus cereus</i>:  Replacement of Glutamic Acid-4 by Alanine Results in Loss of Interfacial Catalysis and Enhanced Phosphomonoesterase Activity (1998)

The nonspecific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids to yield diacylglycerol and a phosphate monoester. Glu-4 has been proposed as a potential candidate for the general base in the hydrolysis reaction and was shown to interact with the substrate headgroup. Site-specific mutagenesis studies suggest that Glu-4 is important for substrate binding but not for catalysis. This residue is also critical for the enzyme's preference for a phosphodiester substrate. PA, both monomeric and micellar, is shown to be a poor substrate and inhibitor of wild-type PLC. When Glu-4 was mutated to an alanine, a significant increase in PA hydrolysis and a decrease in PC hydrolysis were observed. Unlike the wild type, kinetic studies suggest that the Glu-4-->Ala mutant does not exhibit interfacial activation and processive catalysis. Glu-4 is part of a highly flexible loop flanking the entrance to the active site, suggesting that this loop might constitute an interfacial binding recognition site. This is the first evidence for the presence of an interfacial binding site distinct from the active site in the nonspecific PLC.
MR diffusion is sensitive to mechanical loading in human intervertebral disks ex vivo (2014)

The strong correlations between diffusivity and the rheological assessments of disk mechanics suggest that MR might permit quantitative assessment of disk functional status and structural integrity.
Knowledge management in extended operations networks (2003)

It is argued that existing literature on knowledge management fails to combine inter‐and intra‐organizational knowledge transfers and also neglects the role of spatial proximity in face‐to‐face transfers of tacit knowledge. A model is developed that captures these variables in a dyadic transfer situation, and short cases illustrate aspects of the model. Suggestions are made on how the dyadic model may be developed to apply to interactions in networks of more than two actors.
ERP Customization as Software Engineering: Knowledge Sharing and Cooperation (2009)

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendors provide multiple configuration possibilities ranging from module selection to master data provision to steer access rights for different users. These configuration possibilities cover anticipated variability. If the customer requires adaptation beyond what's anticipated, the source code of the product must be adapted. Customizations in this article's context are source code based adaptations of software products. The size and complexity of customizations range from simple report generation to developing independent add-ons that support specific businesses, for example, solutions for flight carriers. The size and lead time of such projects can compare to a full-size software development project. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems must be configured and customized to fit a specific company. The authors discuss cooperation with regard to ERP systems customization.
Evolution of<scp>d</scp>-Arabinose,<scp>l</scp>-Xylose and<scp>l</scp>-Ribose Utilization in<i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i>: Mutants with a Novel Enzyme “Pentose Reductase” (1980)

Journal Article Evolution of d-Arabinose, l-Xylose and l-Ribose Utilization in Mycobacterium smegmatis: Mutants with a Novel Enzyme “Pentose Reductase” Get access Ken Izumori, Ken Izumori Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-07, Japan To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yumiko Watanabe, Yumiko Watanabe Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-07, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shigeru Sugimoto Shigeru Sugimoto Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-07, Japan Present address: Taiyo Foods Co. Ltd., Tsuchida 136, Okayama-shi, Okayama 703, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 44, Issue 6, 1 June 1980, Pages 1443–1446, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1980.10864151 Published: 01 June 1980 Article history Received: 20 December 1979 Published: 01 June 1980
Mast Cell Deficiency Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice (2008)

Mast cells (MC) are important cells of the immune system and are recognized as participants in the progression of atherosclerosis. To test MC's role in atherosclerosis in vivo, apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE −/− ) mice were crossed with MC‐deficient Kit W‐sh/W–sh mice to obtain an apoE −/− /Kit W‐sh/W–sh double knockout mouse model. To induce atherosclerosis, ApoE −/− , Kit W‐sh/W–sh , and ApoE −/− /Kit W‐sh/W–sh mice were maintained on a Western Diet for 80 to 90 days. The mice were then killed, blood was collected, and the aorta was perfused in situ first with PBS and then with buffered 10% formalin and processed for cross‐sectional analyses of plaque size in the arch or thoracic region, or processed for en face analyses for plaques after Sudan III staining. H and E slides were digitally scanned on ScanScope XT system and images were evaluated for plaques thickness. Plaque thickness in aortic cross sections were significantly different between ApoE −/− (203μm, n=6) and ApoE −/− /Kit W‐sh/W–sh mouse (120μm, n=7) with no lesions in the Kit W‐sh/W–sh mouse. The en face analyses of aortas also showed reduced atherosclerotic area in ApoE −/− /Kit W‐sh/W–sh mice with no aortic plaque formation in Kit W‐sh/W–sh mice. MCs with indications of degranulation were seen only in the aortic walls of ApoE −/− mice. In comparison to ApoE −/− mice, the cholesterol levels were 50% lower in apoE −/− /Kit W‐sh/W–sh mice while no appreciable difference in triglycerides were noted. Results demonstrate the involvement of MC in the progression of atherosclerosis. The mechanisms by which MC enhance atherosclerotic plaque development remain to be elucidated. (Supported by NIH R01‐HL070101 and Carey Arthritis Fund)
MODFETs soar to 400 GHz (1991)

The operation of MODFETs (modulation-doped FETs) is explained. These devices now have switching delays under 5 ps, current-gain cutoff frequencies of about 250 GHz, and maximum oscillation frequencies in excess of 400 GHz. They also perform frequency division up to 26 GHz. Experimental ring oscillators, frequency dividers, static RAMs, and gate arrays are described. The microwave performance of MODFETs is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Metabolism of Guanosine Tetraphosphate in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1972)

In rel + strains of Escherichia coli guanosine 2′(3′)‐diphosphate‐5′‐diphosphate (ppGpp) was found to accumulate (a) during amino acid starvation of an auxotrophic strain, (b) during heating to the non‐permissive temperature of a val S ts strain, (c) during heating of a wild‐type strain to temperatures above 46°C and (d) during treatment with trimethoprim or hydroxylamine. A rapid decay of the accumulated ppGpp was observed after addition of chloramphenicol, tetracycline, fusidic acid, erythromycin, puromycin or colicin E3 to susceptible cultures. All of these antibiotics give a rapid and complete inhibition of protein synthesis. Streptomycin showed a delayed inhibitory action on protein synthesis and had little effect on the level of accumulated ppGpp. The addition of rifampicin also results in a delayed decay of ppGpp. These results indicate that the synthesis of ppGpp is independent of RNA synthesis, but suggest that a coupling exists between ppGpp formation and an idling reaction of one of the initiation steps of protein synthesis.