gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A current overview of commercially available nucleic acid diagnostics approaches to detect and identify human gastroenteritis pathogens (2014)

Gastroenteritis is caused by a wide range of viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens and causes millions of deaths worldwide each year, particularly in infant populations in developing countries. Traditional microbiological culture and immunological based tests are time consuming, laborious and often lack diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. As a result patients can receive suboptimal and/or inappropriate antimicrobial treatment. In recent years, rapid nucleic acid diagnostics (NAD) technologies have become available to complement or even bypass and replace these traditional microbiological culture and immunological based tests. The main purpose of this review is to describe a number of recently available multiparametric commercial tests, to support the rapid and accurate clinical diagnosis of human gastroenteritis. These state of the art technologies have the ability to identify a wide range of microorganisms associated with enteric gastroenteritis. Following further technological innovation and more comprehensive clinical validation studies, these NAD tests have the potential to impact on the economic burden of health care systems. These rapid NAD tests can also be used to guide improved patient therapy in a timely manner which will reduce the extent of morbidity and mortality associated with these infections globally.
Soft tissue volume augmentation by the use of collagen‐based matrices: a volumetric analysis (2010)

Within the limits of this animal study, the CM may serve as a replacement for autogenous connective tissue.
Total Synthesis of (<i>S</i>)-(−)-(<i>E</i>)-15,16-Dihydrominquartynoic Acid: A Highly Potent Anticancer Agent (2004)

The conjugated entriyne natural product, (S)-(E)-15,16-dihydrominquartynoic acid (1), is synthesized in five linear steps and 30% overall yield from the known aldehyde 11. The key step is a one-pot in situ desilylation/Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling reaction affording the entriyne unit. The bromoalkyne 6 with an omega-carboxylic acid group was found to undergo a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction producing the desired diyne intermediate 10, while the corresponding omega-ester bromoalkyne 14 failed to couple with triethylsilylacetylene under a variety of conditions.
Toward a Medipix2 coded aperture gamma microscope (2005)

We report on tests of a radionuclide imaging system for in vivo investigations in small animals with low energy gamma-rays as from /sup 125/I (27-35 keV). The system imaging optics features a high resolution coded aperture mask and a fine pitch silicon hybrid pixel detector of the Medipix2 series (55 /spl mu/m pitch). The coded aperture (no-two-holes-touching MURA 62/spl times/62) had 70 /spl mu/m holes in 75 /spl mu/m tungsten, and was used in a 2:1 magnification for a field of view of about 7 mm. Laboratory tests with a /sup 109/Cd 22-keV source and in vivo mouse thyroid imaging tests with /sup 125/I show a system resolution of about 110 /spl mu/m. This low energy, semiconductor-based, compact gamma camera is the basic imaging unit of a small animal single photon emission computed tomography system with deep sub-millimeter resolution.
Medical Image Classification Based on Deep Features Extracted by Deep Model and Statistic Feature Fusion with Multilayer Perceptron<sup></sup> (2018)

Medical image classification is a key technique of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems. Traditional methods rely mainly on the shape, color, and/or texture features as well as their combinations, most of which are problem-specific and have shown to be complementary in medical images, which leads to a system that lacks the ability to make representations of high-level problem domain concepts and that has poor model generalization ability. Recent deep learning methods provide an effective way to construct an end-to-end model that can compute final classification labels with the raw pixels of medical images. However, due to the high resolution of the medical images and the small dataset size, deep learning models suffer from high computational costs and limitations in the model layers and channels. To solve these problems, in this paper, we propose a deep learning model that integrates Coding Network with Multilayer Perceptron (CNMP), which combines high-level features that are extracted from a deep convolutional neural network and some selected traditional features. The construction of the proposed model includes the following steps. First, we train a deep convolutional neural network as a coding network in a supervised manner, and the result is that it can code the raw pixels of medical images into feature vectors that represent high-level concepts for classification. Second, we extract a set of selected traditional features based on background knowledge of medical images. Finally, we design an efficient model that is based on neural networks to fuse the different feature groups obtained in the first and second step. We evaluate the proposed approach on two benchmark medical image datasets: HIS2828 and ISIC2017. We achieve an overall classification accuracy of 90.1% and 90.2%, respectively, which are higher than the current successful methods.
Packet prediction for speculative cut-through switching (2008)

The amount of intelligent packet processing in an Ethernet switch continues to grow, in order to support of embedded applications such as network security, load balancing and quality of service assurance. This increased packet processing is contributing to greater per-packet latency through the switch.
Spiral breakup as a model of ventricular fibrillation (1998)

The phenomenon of spiral breakup in a 2D and a 3D excitable medium is described. Differences between breakup in two dimensions and in three dimensions are discussed. Spiral breakup in an anatomical model of the ventricles of the heart is also studied. The patterns of excitation in the heart are presented at different wavelengths together with their electrocardiograms. Finally it is suggested that the phenomenon of spiral breakup is a possible mechanism of the ventricular fibrillation (VF). (c) 1998 American Institute of Physics.
Ligand-Controlled Rates of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Hybrid CdSe Nanocrystal/Poly(viologen) Films (2011)

This paper describes a study of the rates of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from CdSe quantum dots (QDs) to poly(viologen) within thin films, as a function of the length of the ligands passivating the QDs. Ultrafast (<10 ps), quantitative PET occurs from CdSe QDs coated with HS-(CH(2))(n)-COOH for n = 1, 2, 5, and 7 to viologen units. The observed decrease in the magnitude of the PET rate constant with n is weaker than that expected from the decay of the electron tunneling probability across extended all-trans mercaptocarboxylic acids but well-described by electron tunneling across a collapsed ligand shell. The PET rate constants for films with n = 10 and 15 are much slower than those expected based on the trend for n = 1-7; this deviation is ascribed to the formation of bundles of ligands on the surface of the QD that make the tunneling process prohibitively slow by limiting access of the viologen units to the surfaces of the QDs. This study highlights the importance of molecular-level morphology of donor and acceptor materials in determining the rate and yield of interfacial photoinduced electron transfer in thin films.
Synaptic differences in the postmortem striatum of subjects with schizophrenia: A stereological ultrastructural analysis (2005)

The striatum processes motor, cognitive, and limbic function, all of which are perturbed in schizophrenia. The present study examined the synaptic organization of the caudate and putamen in schizophrenia. Postmortem striatum was obtained from 10 normal controls (NC) and 17 subjects with schizophrenia (SZ), prepared for electron microscopy, and analyzed using stereological principles. The densities of total synapses, asymmetric synapses (characteristic of excitatory inputs), and asymmetric axospinous synapses (characteristic of cortical input) were higher in the caudate of the SZs vs. NCs. These changes were most profound in the off-drug SZ cases and were also elevated in subjects on antipsychotic drugs (APDs). In comparison to NCs, there were no significant differences in the putamen of the SZ cohort as a whole group; however, there were more asymmetric axospinous synapses in the off-drug subgroup. The increase in density of synapses in the SZs does not appear to be caused by antipsychotic medication and may represent failure of normal synaptic pruning or abnormal sprouting. Higher density of cortical-type synapses in SZs vs. NCs may reflect adaptation of corticostriatal circuitry or hyperstimulation of striatal projection neurons. The abnormal synaptic organization could have several important and different downstream effects depending on the precise circuitry involved and may be related to limbic or cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Synapse 56:185–197, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Influence of fat on liver <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> measurements using modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) methods at 3T (2016)

At 3T, MOLLI T1 values are affected by HLC, substantially changing MOLLI T1 in a clinically relevant range of fat content. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:105-111.
Probabilistic fasteners with parabolic elements: biological system, artificial model and theoretical considerations (2002)

Probabilistic fasteners are attachment devices composed of two surfaces covered with cuticular micro-outgrowths. Friction-based fasteners demonstrate high frictional forces when the surfaces come into contact. Attachment in this case is based on the use of the surface profile and mechanical properties of materials, and is fast, precise and reversible. The best-studied examples composed of parabolic elements are the wing-locking mechanism in beetles and the head arrester in dragonflies. This study combines experimental data of force measurements, obtained in an artificial model system, and theoretical considerations based on the simple model of behaviour of probabilistic fasteners with parabolic elements. Elements of the geometry in both cases correspond to the biological prototypes. Force measurements on the artificial system show that the attachment force is strongly dependent on the load force. At small loads, the increase of attachment is very slow, whereas rapid increase of attachment was detected at higher loads. At very high loads, a saturation of the attachment force was revealed. A simple explanation of the attachment principle is that with an increasing load elements of both surfaces slide into gaps of the corresponding part. This results in an increase of lateral loading forces acting on elements. High lateral forces lead to an increase of friction between single sliding elements. An analytical model which describes behaviour of the probabilistic fasteners with parabolic elements is proposed.
Synthesis of Na-β-Al_2O_3 Nanopowders by PVP Sol-Gel Process (2013)

As the key material of the β-Al2O3electrolyte of sodium sulfur battery(SSB), the properties of Na-β-Al2O3 powders play an important role in the performance of SSB. In this study, nanosized Na-β-Al2O3powders were prepared by Sol-Gel process with polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) as the chelating agent. The phase formation temperature of the Na-β-Al2O3 by the PVP-based process was reduced to 900 ℃, which was much lower than those of conventional SSR and most chemical synthesis methods. The new method can effectively inhibit the performance decline of the Na-β-Al2O3 ceramics induced by the volatilization of Na2O at high temperature in the conventional method. The powders were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. It was demonstrated that the phase was pure and the particles were well dispersed with diameter of 60-70 nm, which were helpful to the good performance of Na-β-Al2O3 ceramics. In addition, the conductivities of the Na-β-Al2O3 ceramics sintered by the as-prepared powders were measured by AC impedance spectroscope and the evaluation of the spectra was carried out with increasing temperature from room temperature to 350 ℃.The electrical conductivity of the ceramics at 350 ℃ reached 0.22 S/cm.
The Connecticut and Cornell Randombred Populations of Chickens (1959)

(1959). The Connecticut and Cornell Randombred Populations of Chickens. World's Poultry Science Journal: Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 139-159.
CCLXXX.—The hydroferrocyanides and hydroferricyanides of the organic bases. Part II (1923)

W. M. Cumming, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1923, 123, 2457 DOI: 10.1039/CT9232302457
A Phase I Study of the Toxicity of Regional Hyperthermia with Systemic Warming (1993)

This study examines the consequences of allowing moderate systemic hyperthermia during regional heating of the abdomen and pelvis in 29 patients participating in Phase I studies of hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In Group 1 (20 patients, 42 treatments), systemic temperatures were limited by employing surface cooling, while in Group 2 (9 patients, 24 treatments), surface warming and insulation were used so that systemic temperature would rise. Mean time-averaged oral temperatures were 38.4 degrees C and 39.9 degrees C for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. Time-averaged mean regional temperatures were 40.2 +/- 0.7 degrees C and 41.5 +/- 0.2 degrees C for Groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < .001). Regional temperatures > or = 41.0 degrees C were achieved by 64% of Group 1 and all Group 2 patients. The mean time-averaged power required was significantly lower for Group 2 (453 W vs 740 W; p = .032), as was the incidence of pain. Mean maximum pulse rate was significantly higher in Group 2, although this was not associated with symptoms. Allowing systemic temperature to rise decreased power requirements and treatment-related pain, at the cost of an asymptomatic increase in heart rate. The results suggest that regional heating may be more readily achieved in the setting of elevated systemic temperature.
Industrial Hemp in North America: Production, Politics and Potential (2016)

Most of the Western World banned the cultivation of Cannabis sativa in the early 20th century because biotypes high in ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the principal intoxicant cannabinoid) are the source of marijuana. Nevertheless, since 1990, dozens of countries have authorized the licensed growth and processing of “industrial hemp” (cultivars with quite low levels of THC). Canada has concentrated on hemp oilseed production, and very recently, Europe changed its emphasis from fiber to oilseed. The USA, historically a major hemp producer, appears on the verge of reintroducing industrial hemp production. This presentation provides updates on various agricultural, scientific, social, and political considerations that impact the commercial hemp industry in the United States and Canada. The most promising scenario for the hemp industry in North America is a continuing focus on oilseed production, as well as cannabidiol (CBD), the principal non-intoxicant cannabinoid considered by many to have substantial medical potential, and currently in great demand as a pharmaceutical. Future success of the industrial hemp industry in North America is heavily dependent on the breeding of more productive oilseed cultivars, the continued development of consumer goods, reasonable but not overly restrictive regulations, and discouragement of overproduction associated with unrealistic enthusiasm. Changing attitudes have generated an unprecedented demand for the cannabis plant and its products, resulting in urgent needs for new legislative, regulatory, and business frameworks, as well as scientific, technological, and agricultural research.
Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Urodynamic Evaluation After Suspension Operations: Comparison Among the Gittes, Stamey and Burch Suspensions (1991)

Radiological and ultrasonographic imaging enables the objective determination of bladder neck position and movement in stress urinary incontinence. Postoperative results were evaluated in 60 patients after Burch colposuspension (29) or bladder neck suspension according to the Gittes (18) or Stamey (13) method. No differences in continence rates were noted 3 months postoperatively (Gittes 83%, Stamey 85% and Burch 93% of the patients). Late results were assessed by urodynamic evaluation and transvaginal ultrasonography. The largest decrease in continence rate was observed after the Gittes procedure (44% of the patients continent, mean followup 14.7 months), in comparison with the Stamey (69% continent after 34.6 months) and Burch (86% continent after 30.5 months) procedures. Urodynamic parameters showed no significant differences for the 3 groups. Transvaginal ultrasonography did not indicate a correlation between absolute resting or stress position of the bladder neck and continence. The main factor concerning continence was the rotation angle and descent of the bladder neck during stress. Our data indicate that transvaginal ultrasonography is a safe and reliable method to evaluate the postoperative outcome for stress urinary incontinence.
The Normal Healing Process of Microvascular Anastomoses (1981)

The vessel wall regeneration and the inflammatory response in the rabbit femoral artery and vein the first three months after microvascular end-to-end suture anastomosis was assessed histologically. The initial damage consisted of endothelial loss and partial necrosis of media and adventitia. The luminal surface was reendothelialized and the adventitial layer restored by 20 days, but the necrotized part of the media did not regenerate. Instead, the vessel wall diameter was maintained by an intimal hyperplastic response. At the anastomotic site a characteristic slight dilatation was persistent. Consequently, the vessel wall architecture was not restored to the preoperative state after microvascular anastomosis.
Traducir entre culturas: la competencia cultural como componente integrador del perfil experto del traductor (2005)

In intercultural communication our active behavior as well as our perception of others are guided by the value orientation system of our own culture. This culture bound perspective frequently leads us to project our own cultural frame of reference on to the foreign culture. Such projection, in turn, of ten results in mutual misunderstanding and may even cause a communicative breakdown. It will be argued that it is the translator's task as an expert professional to make successful intercultural communication possible. S/he thus needs a professional cultural competence, a more detailed definition of which is given in the present article, which offers a blend of general functionalist translation theory and intercultural communication studies.
Factors Affecting Absorption and Translocation of Foliar Applied Phosphorus. (1957)

Phosphorus is known to be exported from leaves of apple (8, 9, 10), bean (4, 6, 11, 12, 13), chrysanthemum (1, 2), corn (11, 12), tomato (12) and squash (71). The present work with bean plants compares export following application by spray, leaf vein injection (4) and droplet (13) methods. Other factors investigated which affect absorption and subsequent translocation of the spray-applied phosphorus include: 1) wetting agents, 2) phosphorus concentration of the spray, 3) leaf surface (upper vs lower surface), 4) different phosphorus compounds (pH and cation), 5) time, 6) hygroscopic agent, 7) size of area sprayed, 8) age and position of sprayed leaf, and 9) phosphorus level of the plant.
Concept for an all-digital satellite communications earth terminal (2009)

Current DoD requirements call for a single enterprise terminal supporting up to 48/96 (threshold/objective) transmit and 56/112 (threshold/objective) receive communications carriers, not considering future expansion. The number of links supported by an enterprise terminal dictates aggregate servicing capacity. A single teleport/standardized tactical entry point (STEP) site can consist of five or more terminals operating in several frequency bands. Each carrier requires individual converter and modem chains, which are linked to the antennas with a complex switch matrix subsystem. This architecture results in severe size, weight, and power (SWAP) constraints that limit expansion to support objective capacity and connectivity requirements within available facility space and infrastructure. By moving the digital conversion as close to the antenna as possible, a number of efficiencies in SWAP and performance can be achieved. The individual converters can be replaced with wideband, multi-carrier digital up and down converters co-located with the antenna. The complex switch matrix can be eliminated and replaced with a lightweight digital distribution system. The modem functions can be consolidated into a multi-card enclosure, where several carriers can be implemented on a single programmable processor card. In addition to reducing terminal complexity and SWAP, this approach also enables concepts such as hybrid mesh networks, decentralized power monitoring and control, and remote terminal control. This has the potential to dramatically increase satellite network efficiency and improve utilization of expensive satellite assets. This paper expands upon preliminary work performed to date at CERDEC.
Diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis. (1985)

Maxillary and ethmoid sinusitis may occur at any age. Frontal sinus infections first appear in adolescence. The bacteria that cause sinusitis are similar to those associated with otitis media. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae are recovered from 50 to 70 percent of isolates. Anaerobes are also important pathogens in adults. Fungal sinusitis usually occurs only in diabetics or immunosuppressed individuals.
Chemistry of Boranes. XXVII. New Polyhedral Borane Anions, B<sub>9</sub>H<sub>9</sub><sup>2-</sup> and B<sub>11</sub>H<sub>11</sub><sup>2-</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of Boranes. XXVII. New Polyhedral Borane Anions, B9H92- and B11H112-F. Klanberg and E. L. MuettertiesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1966, 5, 11, 1955–1960Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50045a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50045a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views480Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts