gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of Intradermal Trivalent Influenza Vaccine With Topical Imiquimod: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (2014)

Pretreatment with topical imiquimod significantly expedited, augmented, and prolonged the immunogenicity of influenza vaccination. This strategy for influenza immunization should be considered for the elderly population.
The Electrochemistry of Baths of Fused Aluminum Halides. IV. (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Electrochemistry of Baths of Fused Aluminum Halides. IV.Ralph G. Verdieck and L. F. YntemaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1944, 48, 5, 268–279Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1944https://doi.org/10.1021/j150437a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (520 KB) Get e-Alerts
The Influence of Pressure Ratio on Film Cooling Performance of a Turbine Blade (1999)

The relationship between the plenum to freestream total pressure ratio on film cooling performance is experimentally investigated. Measurements of both the heat transfer coefficient and the adiabatic effectiveness were made on the suction side of the center blade in a linear transonic cascade. Entrance and exit Mach numbers were 0.3 and 1.2 respectively. Reynolds number based on chord and exit conditions is 3 x 10(exp 6). The blade contour is representative of a typical General Electric first Stage, high turning, turbine blade. Tunnel freestream conditions were 10 psig total pressure and approximately 80 deg C. A chilled air coolant film was supplied to a generic General Electric leading edge showerhead coolant scheme. Pressure ratios were varied from run to run over the ranges of 1.02 to 1.20. The density ratio was near a value of 2. A method to determine both the heat transfer coefficient and film cooling effectiveness from experimental data is outlined. Results show that the heat transfer coefficient is independent of the pressure ratio over these ranges of blowing parameters. Also, there is shown to be a weak reduction of film cooling effectiveness with higher pressure ratios. Results are shown for effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient profiles along the blade.
A New Type of Manganese Oxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>·0.5H<sub>2</sub>O) Derived from Li<sub>1.6</sub>Mn<sub>1.6</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Its Lithium Ion-Sieve Properties (2000)

A new type of adsorbent, MnO2·0.5H2O, was synthesized from Li1.6Mn1.6O4 followed by acid treatment. The hydrothermal reaction of monoclinic type γ-MnOOH with LiOH solution at 120 °C resulted in a H+/Li+ ion exchange, giving orthorhombic LiMnO2. The orthorhombic LiMnO2 was transformed to cubic Li1.6Mn1.6O4 (Li2Mn2O5) at a temperature higher than 400 °C. The conversion of Li1.6Mn1.6O4 to MnO2·0.5H2O by acid treatment resulted in contraction of the lattice constant a0 from 8.14 to 8.05 Å with little dissolution of manganese. The new adsorbent showed a markedly high ion-exchange capacity (7.5 mmol/g) for lithium ions due to its ion-sieve property. The pH titration study suggested the formation of large numbers of uniform sorption sites having relatively high acidity. The uptake of Li+ ions from lithium-enriched seawater was found to be 5.3 mmol/g (37 mg/g), which is the maximum among the adsorbents studied to date.
Psychotropic medications and cytochrome P450 2D6: pharmacokinetic considerations in the elderly. (1997)

Clinical measurement of CYP2D6 activity may potentially assist in prediction of doses required to achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations of psychotropics metabolized by CYP2D6 in individual patients. Although CYP2D6 activity does not change with age, the pharmacokinetics of psychotropics metabolized by CYP2D6 may change because of age-associated changes in hepatic blood flow, volume of distribution, and renal elimination of metabolites.
Signalling between microvascular endothelium and cardiomyocytes through neuregulin (2014)

Heterocellular communication in the heart is an important mechanism for matching circulatory demands with cardiac structure and function, and neuregulins (Nrgs) play an important role in transducing this signal between the hearts' vasculature and musculature. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding Nrgs, explaining their roles in transducing signals between the heart's microvasculature and cardiomyocytes. We highlight intriguing areas being investigated for developing new, Nrg-mediated strategies to heal the heart in acquired and congenital heart diseases, and note avenues for future research.
A Novel Role for Viral-Defective Interfering Particles in Enhancing Dendritic Cell Maturation (2006)

Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is a crucial event in the development of adaptive immune responses that confer long-lasting protection against reinfection with the same virus. Sendai virus strain Cantell has a particularly strong ability to mature DCs independently of type I IFNs and TLR signaling, currently the best-described pathways for the induction of DC maturation. In this study, we demonstrate that defective-interfering (DI) particles present in Sendai virus-Cantell stocks are required for its robust DC maturation ability. DI particles contain incomplete genomes that are unable to replicate unless the viral polymerase is supplied by coinfection with complete virus. Accordingly, the improvement in the virus-induced maturation of DCs provided by DI particles requires standard virus coinfection and likely results from increased production of dsRNA replication intermediaries. This unique ability of DI particles to stimulate DC maturation cannot be mimicked by simply increasing the dose of standard virus. Furthermore, viruses with weak DC maturation abilities can be converted into potent DC stimulators with the addition of DI particles, supporting a potential application for DI particles as a novel natural adjuvant for viral immunizations.
Outer-rotor polysilicon wobble micromotors (2002)

This paper reports the development of a new class of polysilicon surface micromachined wobble micromotors in which the rotor outer radius is exposed for mechanical coupling. These motors are fabricated in a three-mask process which results in a flange bearing. The rotor and seater are fabricated from phosphorus-doped polysilicon, while the bearing is made of an insulating material such as polyimide or silicon-rich silicon nitride. Rotor radii of 75 to 125 /spl mu/m and rotor/stator thicknesses of 3 to 5 /spl mu/m are typical. The 5 /spl mu/m-thick micromotors with silicon nitride bearings operate smoothly and reproducibly in room air for at least several months after release. Minimum operating voltages can be as low as 14 V, while maximum rotor speeds have been limited by the power supply to 35 rpm. These micromotors have gear ratios over 300 and motive torques over two orders of magnitude larger than previously reported polysilicon micromotors.
Hexahydroxybenzene and Some of its Derivatives<sup>1</sup> (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHexahydroxybenzene and Some of its Derivatives1Ira E. Neifert and Edward BartowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 9, 1770–1772Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1943https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01249a030Request reuse permissionsArticle Views317Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (336 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disturbance-observer-based active control of engine-induced vibrations in automotive vehicles (2003)

An approach for active noise and vibration control for systems subject to periodic disturbances with time-varying fundamental frequency is presented. The motivation is active compensation of engine-induced noise in automobiles, where the fundamental frequency (engine firing frequency) goes from 7 Hz (idle, 800 rpm) to 50 Hz (6000 rpm) and the frequency (engine speed) is available. In this new approach, an observer for an input disturbance is designed based on a disturbance model containing all frequencies to be cancelled. The disturbance-model part of the observer is time-varying since the current frequency is measured and fed into this part. Based on this frequency measurement, an observer gain is selected from a set of pre-computed gains. The approach is non-adaptive, and the frequency is a scheduling variable. Theoretical issues of the algorithm (observer design) are discussed and real-time results obtained with an active control system in a vehicle are presented. These results show a major reduction of the interior sound pressure level in the vehicle.
Changes in the cofactor binding domain of bovine striatal tyrosine hydroxylase at physiological pH upon cAMP-dependent phosphorylation mapped with tetrahydrobiopterin analogues (1989)

The structure of the cofactor binding domain of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was examined at physiological pH by determining kinetic parameters of (R)-tetrahydrobiopterin [(R)-BH4] and a series of tetrahydropterin (PH4) derivatives (6-R1-6-R2-PH4: R1 = H and R2 = methyl, hydroxymethyl, ethyl, methoxymethyl, phenyl, and cyclohexyl; R1 = methyl and R2 = methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, and benzyl). A minimally purified TH preparation that was not specifically phosphorylated (designated as "unphosphorylated") was compared with enzyme phosphorylated with cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The Km for tyrosine with most tetrahydropterin analogues ranged between 20 and 60 microM with little decrease upon phosphorylation. Two exceptions were an unusually low Km of 7 microM with 6-ethyl-PH4 and a high Km of 120 microM with 6-phenyl-6-methyl-PH4, both with phosphorylated TH. Tyrosine substrate inhibition was elicited only with (R)-BH4 and 6-hydroxymethyl-PH4. With unphosphorylated TH (with the exception of 6-benzyl-6-methyl-PH4, Km = 4 mM) an inverse correlation between cofactor Km and side-chain hydrophobicity was observed ranging from a high with (R)-BH4 (5 mM) to a low with 6-cyclohexyl-PH4 (0.3 mM). An 8-fold span of Vmax was seen overall. Phosphorylation caused a 0.6-4-fold increase in Vmax and a 35-2000-fold decrease in Km for cofactor, ranging from a high of 60 microM with 6-methyl-PH4 to a low of 0.6 microM with 6-cyclohexyl-PH4. A correlation of the size of the hydrocarbon component of the side chain with affinity is strongly evident with phosphorylated TH, but in contrast to unphosphorylated enzyme, the hydroxyl groups in hydroxymethyl-PH4 (20 microM) and (R)-BH4 (3 microM) decrease Km in comparison to that of 6-methyl-PH4. Although 6,6-disubstituted analogues were found with affinities near that of (R)-BH4 (e.g., 6-propyl-6-methyl-PH4, 4 microM), they were frequently more loosely associated with phosphorylated TH than their monosubstituted counterparts (6-phenyl-PH4, 0.8 microM; cf. 6-phenyl-6-methyl-PH4, 8 microM). A model of the cofactor side-chain binding domain is proposed in which a limited region of nonpolar protein residue(s) capable of van der Waals contact with the hydrocarbon backbone of the (R)-BH4 dihydroxypropyl group is opposite to a recognition site for hydroxyl(s). Although interaction with either the hydrophilic or hydrophobic regions of unphosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase is possible, phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase appears to optimize the simultaneous operation of both forces.
Normally-off operation of Al 2 O 3 /GaN MOSFET based on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure with p-GaN buffer layer (2010)

An AlGaN/GaN-based normally-off GaN MOSFET with p-GaN buffer layer has been demonstrated, for the first time, using over-recessed gate. It is believed that p-GaN buffer layer has advantage of not only increasing the threshold voltage due to depletion effect, but also reducing the buffer leakage current. The fabricated GaN MOSFET with 30 nm-thick ALD Al 2 O 3 as the gate insulator exhibited good device performances, such as a maximum drain current of 109 mA/mm, a maximum extrinsic transconductance of 30 mS/mm, a low specific on-resistance of 1.86 mn-cm2, and a subthreshold slope of 365 mV/dec with threshold voltage of 2.9 V.
Improved radiographic image amplifier panel (1968)

Layered image amplifier for radiographic /X ray and gamma ray/ applications, combines very high radiation sensitivity with fast image buildup and erasure capabilities by adding a layer of material that is both photoconductive and light-emitting to basic image amplifier and cascading this assembly with a modified Thorne panel.
Cytodifferentiation activity of synthetic human enamel sheath protein peptides (2010)

A specific peptide sequence derived from the C-terminal side of the human ESP promotes the cytodifferentiation and mineralization activity of HPDL cells in a cell culture system.
Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age (2004)

Behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism are the three broad learning theories most often utilized in the creation of instructional environments. These theories, however, were developed in a time when learning was not impacted
Epitope Mapping of Horseradish Peroxidase with Use of Monoclonal Antibodies (1990)

Nine mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used to develop an epitope map of the enzyme. The results of a competitive binding assay indicated three distinct patterns of reactivity. Two groups of MAbs (I and III) recognized epitopes located in separate antigenic regions on the molecule; another (II) bound to sites that overlapped with epitopes in either region I or III. Further definition of these regions was obtained by analyzing the MAbs for their binding to isolated heme, other peroxidases and heme-containing proteins, and to denatured and apo-HRP. None of the group I MAbs bound heme, suggesting that this region was removed from the active site of the enzyme. All of the group II and III MAbs bound heme as well as the other peroxidases and heme-containing proteins, indicating that they recognized heme-associated epitopes at or near the active site. Only one MAb (2A2) in groups II and III bound to apo-HRP but not to denatured HRP; it was also the only MAb in the entire panel that inhibited the catalytic activity of HRP. This suggests that the epitope recognized by 2A2 involves both the heme moiety and a conformationally dependent protein determinant near the active site.
Structural Characteristics of Small Intestinal Submucosa Constructs Dictate <b><i>In Vivo</i></b> Incorporation and Angiogenic Response (2011)

The rate of angiogenesis and cellular infiltration into degradable biomaterials determines scaffold persistence in vivo. The ability to tune the degradation properties of naturally derived biomaterials has been a popular goal in tissue engineering, yet has often depended on chemical crosslinking. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a naturally derived, collagen-based, bioactive scaffold that has broad clinical success in many therapeutic applications. Two methods for producing multilayer, non-crosslinked SIS constructs were compared in vitro and in vivo. Traditional and cryo SEM, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and a novel enzymatic degradation assay determined that lyophilization produced an open, porous scaffold, in contrast to the collapsed, denser structure of SIS constructs produced using a vacuum press process. The angiogenic responses to lyophilized and vacuum-pressed SIS constructs were evaluated in vivo using a subcutaneous implant assay in mice. Explanted samples were compared after 7 and 21 days using fluorescence microangiography and light microscopy. Capacity of the implant neovasculature was also determined. These experiments revealed that the lyophilized SIS was infiltrated and vascularized more rapidly than the vacuum pressed. These data demonstrate the tunable incorporation of a non-crosslinked ECM-based biomaterial, which may have implications for the persistence of this degradable scaffold in tissue engineering.
SILVICULTURE (JOSEF KöSTLER) (1957)

SILVICULTURE (JOSEF KöSTLER) Get access Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, Volume 30, Issue 2, 1957, Pages 195–198, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.forestry.a063116 Published: 01 October 1957
Rapid release of intracellular galectin-3 from breast carcinoma cells by fetuin. (2001)

Galectin-3, a beta-galactoside binding protein, plays a significant role in cell to extracellular matrix interactions. Despite its extracellular expression, the precise physiological mechanisms that trigger its release from the intracellular milieu have not been characterized. The present analyses were, therefore, done to identify the extracellular matrix proteins with propensity to induce the release of intracellular galectin-3 from breast carcinoma cells. Our studies demonstrate that fetuin, a serum glycoprotein that is abundant in the fetal serum, is capable of inducing the rapid release (approximately 1 min) of intracellular galectin-3 from the cells. The mechanism by which galectin-3 is rapidly released appears to be novel and does not depend on changes in intracellular calcium levels. We also report that galectin-3-expressing breast carcinoma cells in serumless medium adhere and spread well on microtiter wells in the presence of fetuin and divalent ions in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. The data suggest that fetuin is a natural modulator of galectin-3 secretion/release and that the secreted galectin-3 modulates the activity of cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix proteins.
Possible Impairment of Transcardiac Utilization of Adiponectin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2004)

Diabetic patients not only have a decreased adiponectin level in the basal state compared with nondiabetic patients but also have impaired utilization of adiponectin in the coronary artery and/or the heart, which may promote the development of atherosclerosis.
Topological Analysis of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> L2 Outer Membrane Protein 2 (1998)

Using monospecific polyclonal antisera to different parts of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 outer membrane protein 2 (Omp2), we show that the protein is localized at the inner surface of the outer membrane. Omp2 becomes immunoaccessible when Chlamydia elementary bodies are treated with dithiothreitol, and protease digestions indicate that Omp2 has a possible two-domain structure.
Solution Equilibria and Structures of Some 2-Quinolone Iron(III), Cobalt (II), Nickel (II) And Copper (II) Complexes (1987)

Abstract The acid dissociation constants of some 2-quinolone ligands were evaluated by potentiometric methods. The stability constants of the complexes were determined. A relation between log KC and pKL is explained. The iron complex has octahedral geometry. The cobalt complexes are octahedral and square planar. The nickel complexes are in associated structures with equilibria between high and low spin states. The copper complexes have square planar geometry with axial symmetry and an anisotropic nature. The IR spectra of these complexes showed that complexation occurred through C[dbnd]O and -OH groups.
The Isolation and Primary Structure of a 22-kDa Extracellular Matrix Protein from Bovine Skin (1989)

The primary structure of a 22-kDa protein which was isolated during the purification of bovine skin dermatan sulfate proteoglycan is described. The uronate-rich fraction from DEAE-Sepharose chromatography of a 7.8 M urea extract of bovine fetal skin was subjected to gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B in 4 M guanidine HCl. A prominent component of mass 22 kDa was separated from the proteoglycan and further purified on octyl-Sepharose. The primary structure of this component was determined and found to contain three repeat regions. Each of the three sections contains a similar pattern of looped disulfide bonds. A six-amino acid consensus sequence, Asp-Arg-Glx-Trp-Asn/Gln/Lys-Phe/Tyr, is found in each loop. This domain may be involved in associations of the molecule with other extracellular matrix components.
Compact optical one-way waveguide isolators for photonic-band-gap microchips (2008)

In two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PC's), we demonstrate compact optical waveguide isolators in which light can propagate only one way. Waveguides are composed of magneto-optical materials with magnetic domain walls. Magneto-optical effects and magnetic domain walls break time-reversal and space-inversion symmetries, respectively, leading to nonreciprocal waveguides with different group velocities for forward and backward propagating light of a given frequency. When backward light has a zero group velocity, only forward light can be transmitted while backward light stops. Slow leakage of backward light (when the group velocity is not precisely zero) is eliminated by introducing absorption loss in nonreciprocal PC waveguides. Then, absorption of forward light is less than that of backward light. Introducing gain material and signal amplification by current injection, forward light can propagate with no net loss and only backward light is attenuated. We demonstrate that backward light, with nearly zero group velocity, can be eliminated because of absorption over a long effective optical path length. This enables compact on-chip photonic band-gap isolators. The waveguide isolator is assumed to be composed of europium oxide with the Faraday rotation angle of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{F}=3.49\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{3}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{rad}∕\mathrm{cm}$ at wavelength $\ensuremath{\lambda}=1.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ under a magnetic field $0.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{Tesla}$. In a waveguide isolator with the length of $8.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$, transmittance of backward light is mostly zero at a specific frequency when transmittance of forward light is amplified to 1 by current injection. The usable bandwidth is up to $12\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ centered at $1.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{micron}$ wavelength as the device length is increased $(L=42.6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m})$. We demonstrate similar results for an asymmetric nonreciprocal waveguide without a magnetic domain wall. The possibility of compact on-chip photonic band-gap isolators is demonstrated for 2D membrane photonic crystals with finite thickness in the third dimension. Computations are performed using plane wave expansion, finite difference time domain, and optical Wannier function methods.