gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regaining chondrocyte phenotype in thermosensitive gel culture (2001)

Chondrocyte tissue engineering continues to be a challenging problem. When chondrocytes are duplicated in vitro, it is imperative to obtain an adequate number of cells of optimal phenotype. A temperature-sensitive polymer gel, a copolymer of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and acrylic acid (PNiPAAm-co-Aac), has the ability of gelling at 37 degrees C (the lower critical solution temperature, LCST) or above and liquefying below that temperature (Vernon and Gutowska, Macromol. Symp. 1996;109:155-167). The hypothesis of this study was that chondrocytes could (1) duplicate in the copolymer gel; (2) regain their chondrocyte phenotype; and (3) be easily recovered from the gel by simply lowering the temperature below 37 degrees C. Chondrocytes from adult rabbit scapular cartilage were harvested and cultured in a monolayer culture until confluency (approximately 2 weeks). Next, the cells were harvested and seeded into the copolymer gel and cultured for 2-4 weeks. The phenotype of the cultured cells was then characterized. Two groups of control cultures, monolayer and agarose gel, were used to compare their ability to maintain chondrocyte phenotype. The results showed that chondrocytes isolated from rabbit scapula can re-express chondrocyte phenotype in agarose culture and polymer gel culture but not in monolayer culture. Also, cultured chondrocytes can be easily recovered from polymer gel culture by simply lowering the temperature. This new in vitro method of chondrocyte culture is recommended for chondrocyte propagation and regaining chondrocyte phenotype before cell seeding or transplantation.
Using the Web as a Corpus for the Syntactic-Based Collocation Identification (2004)

This paper presents an experiment that uses a Web search engine and a robust parser for the Web-based identification of collocations (statistically significant word associations representing "a conventional way of saying things" (Manning and Schtze, 1999)).We identify the possible collocates of a given word by parsing the text snippets returned by the search engine when querying that word.Then, we rank the list of syntactic co-occurrences retrieved according to the collocational strength of each pair by using different statistical measures.
Securing Vehicle ECU Communications and Stored Data (2019)

Nowadays, the automobile industry is integrating many new features into vehicles. To provide these features, various electronic systems are being added. These systems are coordinated by different ECUs (Electronic Control Unit). Vehicle ECUs are internally connected through multiple communication buses. Any ECU connected to the bus can read or send data to other ECUs. As a result, if an adversary can compromise one of the ECUs, then the adversary will be able to access and exploit the data of other important ECUs. Moreover, an adversary can modify the stored data of an important ECU, if it is compromised. To solve these problems, we propose the use of symmetric key cryptography and elliptic curve-based Public Key Encryption (PKE) for ensuring confidentiality and the use of digital signature for ensuring integrity and authenticity. In addition, we propose the adoption of an identity-based access control to control the communication permissions. We also introduce a Blockchain-inspired mechanism to secure data stored in ECUs. Finally, we integrate a watcher to monitor the stored data and report if it is modified. We implement our concept using the ARM architecture-based Raspberry Pi Board and show that our approach can improve security in ECU communications and the watcher reports when an ECU data is modified.
A NF-κB-Dependent Dual Promoter-Enhancer Initiates the Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Transcriptional Activation of the Chicken Lysozyme in Macrophages (2013)

The transcriptional activation of the chicken lysozyme gene (cLys) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages is dependent on transcription of a LPS-Inducible Non-Coding RNA (LINoCR) triggering eviction of the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) from a negative regulatory element upstream of the lysozyme transcription start site. LINoCR is transcribed from a promoter originally characterized as a hormone response enhancer in the oviduct. Herein, we report the characterization of this cis-regulatory element (CRE). In activated macrophages, a 60 bp region bound by NF-κB, AP1 and C/EBPβ controls this CRE, which is strictly dependent on NF-κB binding for its activity in luciferase assays. Moreover, the serine/threonine kinase IKKα, known to be recruited by NF-κB to NF-κB-dependent genes is found at the CRE and within the transcribing regions of both cLys and LINoCR. Such repartition suggests a simultaneous promoter and enhancer activity of this CRE, initiating cLys transcriptional activation and driving CTCF eviction. This recruitment was transient despite persistence of both cLys transcription and NF-κB binding to the CRE. Finally, comparing cLys with other LPS-inducible genes indicates that IKKα detection within transcribing regions can be correlated with the presence of the elongating form of RNA polymerase II or concentrated in the 3' end of the gene.
Topical Diflorasone Ointment for Treatment of Recalcitrant, Excessive Granulation Tissue (1998)

Address correspondence and reprint requests to: E. Mandrea, MD, 4700 West 95th Street, Oak Lawn, IL 60453. In private practice.
Molecular Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the Central Nervous System (1999)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in the central nervous system (CNS) of infants (encephalitis with or without disseminated visceral infection) and adults; the virus likely accounts for at least 10 to 20% of all viral encephalitis in the United States ([60
Maintenance-oriented fault tree analysis of component importance (2004)

In this paper we investigate and compare a set of existing component importance measures and select the most informative and appropriate one for guiding the maintenance of the system. Efficient methods to compute the selected measure are presented. An important concern in the traditional fault tree reliability analysis, common-cause failure, is also addressed in the component importance analysis using the selected measure. A simple example is designed and analyzed to show the selection process.
The relation between the strains in the concrete and the steel in reinforced and prestressed concrete beams (1959)

Summary Information, obtained by X-ray photography, is presented on the strains in the steel and concrete and on the slip occurring in concrete beams reinforced or prestressed with various types of bar and wire. An expression is derived relating strain in the steel, virtual strain in the concrete, and slip at the steel-concrete interface. A comparison is made between strains in the concrete at the interface and at the surface. It is found that, for reinforced concrete beams, the strain at the surface is lower than the strain in the interior. The strain in the steel at the section of failure is compared with the average surface strain in the concrete at the level of the steel. The influence of several factors on this ratio is discussed. It is found that the ratio of the strain in the steel to the average strain in the concrete has a value greater than unity for reinforcement with good bond characteristics and that the ratio increases as loading increases and when the section of failure occurs at a peak in the bending moment diagram.
Real-time stereo visual odometry for autonomous ground vehicles (2008)

This paper describes a visual odometry algorithm for estimating frame-to-frame camera motion from successive stereo image pairs. The algorithm differs from most visual odometry algorithms in two key respects: (1) it makes no prior assumptions about camera motion, and (2) it operates on dense disparity images computed by a separate stereo algorithm. This algorithm has been tested on many platforms, including wheeled and legged vehicles, and has proven to be fast, accurate and robust. For example, after 4000 frames and 400 m of travel, position errors are typically less than 1 m (0.25% of distance traveled). Processing time is approximately 20 ms on a 512times384 image. This paper includes a detailed description of the algorithm and experimental evaluation on a variety of platforms and terrain types.
PID Controller Design for a TITO System (1993)

This paper presents a new auto-tuning method for designing a diagonal PID controller for a TITO system. From the auto-tuning results a design method is developed based on moving the critical point to a desired position on the compensated characteristic loci. An example is given to illustrate the design method.
Image coding using a dynamic multi-layer address-vector quantization technique (1990)

A new vector quantization scheme for encoding monochrome and RGB color images is presented. The proposed technique is called dynamic multilayer address vector quantization (DMLAVQ) and is based on using vector quantization in a multilayer fashion. A three-layer coding system, where the codebook in the first layer is a standard vector quantization (VQ) codebook, and the codebooks in the other two layers are address codebooks with code vectors consisting of the addresses of the previous layer's codebook, is simulated. In the first layer, a standard VQ is performed on each block of the image. In the second layer, the resulting VQ addresses of the neighboring blocks are merged together to form a new vector which is said to be address vector quantized if this address combination vector can be found in an address codebook. This process of merging four nodes (neighboring addresses) is repeated recursively in a bottom-up hierarchical manner in the subsequent higher layers using the corresponding address codebook in each layer. The proposed technique is based on a tree-structured merging of the nodes of a quadtree in a bottom-up manner to form a larger block, provided a merging criterion is satisfied.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Frequency-doubled monolithic master oscillator power amplifier laser diode (1993)

Single-pass frequency doubling of laser diodes extends the wavelength range of infrared laser diodes to blue-green wavelengths. We describe the first experiments of frequency doubling of a coherent, high-power, monolithic master oscillator power amplifier (M-MOPA) laser diode. The output from a l-W M-MOPA is frequency doubled in a single pass through an 8.2-mm-long KNbO/sub 3/ crystal. We obtained 3.7-mW diffraction-limited output power at a wavelength of 491 nm and modulation at 20 MHz was demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Head Tracking with 3D Texture Map Model in Planning Meeting Analysis (2005)

In order to realize automatic detection, recognition, annotation and understanding of video events associated with formal and informal meetings, we need to find first where the participants of interest are and extract their behavior in the meetings. This requires robust and efficient human body, head, face, and hand tracking algorithms in aclustered background. In this paper, we address the tracking of participants ’ heads and faces. This is important to estimate the gaze orientations of meeting participants. The feature-based algorithm does not work well because of the low resolution of meeting video. Wepropose asimple and efficient approach to track human head from the videos of formal and informal meetings. In this approach, we build ahead 3D texture map model dynamically on the fly with
TGF-β: An emerging player in drug resistance (2013)

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway acts as a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis. By constraining epithelial cell growth, TGF-β is a potent tumor suppressor. However, TGF-β also acts as a key player in the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby enhancing invasiveness and metastasis. Furthermore, TGF-β signaling has recently been correlated with resistance against both targeted and conventional anticancer agents. Here, we present data demonstrating a role for TGF-β in chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). We discuss these results in the context of recent findings indicating TGF-β signaling as an emerging player in cancer drug resistance.
First Report of Soybean Rust Caused by <i>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</i> on Dry Beans in South Africa (2005)

During April 2004, a 150-m<sup>2</sup> dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plot growing adjacent to rust-infected soybean (Glycine max) at Cedara Agricultural Research Farm (29°32'S 30°16'E) was observed to be infected with two distinct rust types. Common bean rust (caused by Uromyces appendiculatus) with reddish brown uredinia and black telia was readily identified. A second rust with smaller sporulating uredinia (1.0 to 1.5 mm<sup>2</sup>), which were gray in appearance, was also found. Visual rust severity on the dry bean plants, which were in mid pod-fill, was high (approximately 30 to 40% disease incidence). Twenty plants were examined and observed to be infected with both rusts. With microscopic examination of no fewer than 20 leaves per plant, the urediniospores from the smaller lesions were determined to be morphologically similar to Phakopsora pachyrhizi (3). Real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction assays on six leaves and sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region 2 (1) verified the identity of the urediniospores as P. pachyrhizi. Although P. vulgaris is a known host of P. pachyrhizi, to our knowledge this is the first time since the arrival of soybean rust in 2001 that P. pachyrhizi has been observed on an alternate host plant in South Africa (2). Since dry beans are grown all year in frost-free areas, the implications are that dry beans may serve as an important overwintering host and source of inoculum for seasonal soybean rust outbreaks. References: (1) R. D. Frederick et al. Phytopathology 92:217, 2002. (2) Z. A. Pretorius et al. Plant Dis. 85:1288, 2001. (3) J. B. Sinclair and G. L. Hartman. Soybean Rust. Pages 25-26 in: Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 4th ed. G. L. Hartman et al. eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1999.
Path selection and multipath congestion control (2010)

research-article Share on Path selection and multipath congestion control Authors: Peter Key Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UKView Profile , Laurent Massoulié Thomson Technology Paris Laboratory, Issy-les-Moulineaux-Moulineau, France Thomson Technology Paris Laboratory, Issy-les-Moulineaux-Moulineau, FranceView Profile , Don Towsley University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 54Issue 1January 2011 pp 109–116https://doi.org/10.1145/1866739.1866762Published:01 January 2011Publication History 29citation5,184DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations29Total Downloads5,184Last 12 Months3,836Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
The anti‐idiotypic antibody 1F7 selectively inhibits cytotoxic T cells activated in HIV‐1 infection (2000)

Circulating CD8+ T lymphocyte numbers rise substantially following infection with HIV-1. This expanded CD8+ T cell population includes HIV-specific CTL and CTL that kill activated uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes. Experimental, epidemiological and clinical evidence supports the possibility that expansion of CD8+ CTL contributes to CD4+ T cell depletion and disease progression in human HIV infection. Therefore, modulation of CD8+ T cell numbers or of certain CD8+ CTL activated in HIV-infected individuals may be beneficial. It was found that 1F7, a mAb against an idiotype common to anti-HIV and anti-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antibodies, selectively inhibited both anti-HIV CTL and CTL against uninfected CD4+ T cells. Alloantigen-specific CTL and NK cells from either HIV-infected individuals or controls were unaffected by 1F7. Prolonged incubation of CD8+ T cells from HIV-infected individuals with 1F7 induces apoptosis, which was shown to be reflected functionally in reduced total CTL activity and in especially reduced CTL activity against uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes. The selective reactivity of 1F7 with certain CD8+ CTL could be applied towards the modulation of CD8+ T cell responses involved in AIDS pathogenesis.
Hydrocarbon composition of urban air pollution (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrocarbon composition of urban air pollutionW. A. Lonneman, S. L. Kopczynski, P. E. Darley, and F. D. SutterfieldCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1974, 8, 3, 229–236Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/es60088a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (963 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping Based on 5′ Noncoding Sequence Analysis (Trugene) (2001)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping of samples from 184 patients with chronic HCV infection by the Trugene 5'NC genotyping kit, based on sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region (5' NCR), and the InnoLiPA assay was evaluated. In addition to these methods, the 184 samples were also analyzed by sequencing of part of the NS5B of the HCV genome after in-house PCR amplification, as a means of validating results obtained with the 5' NCR. The distribution of the genotypes typed by NS5B sequence analysis was as follows: 1a, 41 samples; 1b, 58 samples; 1d, 1 sample; 2a, 5 samples; 2b, 2 samples; 2c, 7 samples; 3a, 46 samples; 4a, 7 samples; 4c, 1 samples; 4e, 9 samples; 5a, 6 samples; 6a, 1 sample. The Trugene and InnoLiPA assays gave concordant results within HCV types in 100% of cases. The ability to discriminate at the subtype level was 76 and 74% for the Trugene and the InnoLiPA assays, respectively.
A simple scheme to generate χ-type four-charge entangled states in circuit QED (2012)

We propose a simple scheme to generate χ-type four-charge entangled states by using SQUID-based charge qubits capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator (TLR). The coupling between the superconducting qubit and the TLR can be effectively controlled by properly adjusting the control parameters of the charge qubit. The experimental feasibility of our scheme is also shown.
Invariant subspace parametric sensitivity (ISPS) of structure-preserving power system models (1996)

In this paper, the parametric sensitivities of a structure-preserving power system model are derived. The parametric sensitivities give the sensitivities of an equilibrium point with respect to a particular parameter of interest. A new invariant subspace parametric sensitivity (ISPS) is derived by projecting the total parametric sensitivity onto a particular eigenspace of interest. The ISPS provides the sensitivity of system stability. At a particular eigensubspace, ISPS of all the parameters under consideration are represented by a right eigenvector multiplied by a scalar /spl sigma/. Then the parameter which has the most influence on the subspace can be determined by selecting the largest value of /spl sigma/. The methodology is applied to a New England 39-bus system to identify components and parameters that are responsible fora possible system instability.
Breakdown of the linear acousto-optic interaction regime in phoxonic cavities (2014)

The limits of validity of the linear photoelastic model are investigated in a one-dimensional dual photonic-phononic cavity, formed by alternating layers of a chalcogenide glass and a polymer homogeneous and isotropic material, which supports both optical and acoustic resonant modes localized in the same region. It is shown that the linear-response regime breaks down when either the acoustic excitation increases or the first-order acousto-optic interaction coupling element vanishes by symmetry, giving rise to the manifestation of multiphonon absorption and emission processes by a photon. Our results provide a consistent interpretation of different aspects of the underlying physics relating to nonlinear acousto-optic interactions that can occur in such cavities.
The HM-Nucleus: Distributed Kernel Design for the Homogeneous Multiprocessor (1987)

This modular, hierarchical operating system will capitalize on hardware features deemed important for image and digital signal processing: a fast LAN and shared memory.
Price-Based Unit Commitment: A Case of Lagrangian Relaxation Versus Mixed Integer Programming (2005)

This paper formulates the price-based unit commitment (PBUC) problem based on the mixed integer programming (MIP) method. The proposed PBUC solution is for a generating company (GENCO) with thermal, combined-cycle, cascaded-hydro, and pumped-storage units. The PBUC solution by utilizing MIP is compared with that of Lagrangian relaxation (LR) method. Test results on the modified IEEE 118-bus system show the efficiency of our MIP formulation and advantages of the MIP method for solving PBUC. It is also shown that MIP could be applied to solve hydro-subproblems including cascaded-hydro and pumped-storage units in the LR-based framework of hydro-thermal coordination. Numerical experiments on large systems show that the MIP-based computation time and memory requirement would represent the major obstacles for applying MIP to large UC problems. It is noted that the solution of large UC problems could be accomplished by improving the MIP formulation, the utilization of specific structure of UC problems, and the use of parallel processing.
Novel Hydrazine Molecules as Tools To Understand the Flexibility of Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Ligand-Binding Site: Toward More Selective Inhibitors (2011)

Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) belongs to a family of amine oxidases. It plays a role in leukocyte trafficking and in amine compound metabolism. VAP-1 is linked to various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, depression, diabetes, and obesity. Accordingly, selective inhibitors of VAP-1 could potentially be used to treat those diseases. In this study, eight novel VAP-1 hydrazine derivatives were synthesized and their VAP-1 and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition ability was determined in vitro. MD simulations of VAP-1 with these new molecules reveal that the VAP-1 ligand-binding pocket is flexible and capable of fitting substantially larger ligands than was previously believed. The increase in the size of the VAP-1 ligands, together with the methylation of the secondary nitrogen atom of the hydrazine moiety, improves the VAP-1 selectivity over MAO.