gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oxide Dispersion on Dendritic Grain Growth Characteristics of Cast Aluminum Alloy (2010)

The dispersion characteristics of the nano-sized Y2O3 powders in molten aluminum were investigated from the viewpoint of changes in microstructure and mechanical property as a function of oxide contents. As the solidification structure, the oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the columnar crystal was mainly segregated on the grain boundary, whereas the oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the equiaxed crystal was uniformly dispersed on both grain boundary and inside the crystal. The most uniform dispersion of oxide nanoparticles was observed at Y2O3 content of 2 mass%. As Y2O3 content of 3 mass%, the size of oxide nanoparticles in metal matrix increased due to the particle aggregation, as confirmed by SEM analysis. Moreover, it was found that the mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength were improved at Y2O3 content of 2 mass%, indicating the well-dispersion of nano-sized Y2O3 powders in cast aluminum. The hardness was increased by 1.2 times up to 57 HV and tensile strength was increased by 1.55 times up to 80 MPa, compared with the case of pure aluminum. However, at Y2O3 content of 3.0 mass%, tensile strength was sharply decreased by 0.6 times due to aggregation of oxide nanoparticles, while the hardness was increased to 57 HV, which is the same as the case of Y2O3 content of 2.0 mass%.
Novel neuromorphic CMOS device array for biochemical charge sensing (2008)

Novel neuromorphic CMOS device is proposed as a biochemical charge sensor. The basic architecture of an extended floating-gate field-effect transistor (FET) is modified to be suited for large-array applications. The FET has a floating-gate that is umbrella-shaped (UGFET), maximizing its charge sensing area in a much reduced transistor area. Compared to previous chemoreceptive FET-based charge sensors, the UGFET shows improved scalability and sensitivity. 3-D device simulations validate the UGFET model. The design is fabricated in a standard CMOS process and characterized. Experimental results on biochemical charge sensing are presented employing the transconductance and subthreshold measurement schemes.
An interactive tolerance system (1989)

The proper distribution of tolerances among the components of an assembly is necessary to ensure that the product would meet the desired design specifications at the lowest possible cost. Typically, designers have to manually determine the desired tolerances of a product to input into a CAD system. This paper describes an Interactive Tolerance System (ITS) designed to allow users to interactively select the appropriate class of fit and perform tolerance analysis for an assembly. The ITS is written in C programming Language for a micro-computer and can be interfaced with CAD software, such as AutoCAD and CADkey. With ITS, the productivity of designers is enhanced and design for manufacturability is easier to achieve.
A Soft-Switching Active Rectifier that Uses a Magnetic Energy Recovery Switch (2011)

Converters using active switches can improve the harmonic components of input current and the power factor. Moreover, the use of these converters can result in a reduction in the size of the footprint. However, the increase in switching losses and EMI due to high-frequency switching is a disadvantage of these converters. In this study, we propose a new active rectifier circuit topology that can reduce the switching losses and EMI by soft-switching operation. Almost unity fundamental power factor and practically good characteristics of input current harmonics can be achieved by employing a simple switching control method. The characteristics of the power and input current harmonics of the proposed converter are analyzed. Small-scale experiments were conducted and the operation principles and characteristics of the rectifier were determined.
Filtering coherent noise during prestack depth migration (1997)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997Filtering coherent noise during prestack depth migrationAuthors: Bertrand DuquetKurt J. MarfurtBertrand DuquetAmoco EPTG and Kurt J. MarfurtAmoco EPTGhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885629 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885629FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited BySeparation of signal and coherent noise by migration filteringTamas Nemeth, Hongchuan Sun, and Gerard T. Schuster7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 65, No. 2Mapping prestack depth‐migrated coherent signal and noise events back to the original time gathers using Fermat's principleKurt J. Marfurt and Bertrand Duquet7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 64, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1997 Pages: 2067 publication data© 1997 Copyright © 1997 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Bertrand Duquet and Kurt J. Marfurt, (1997), "Filtering coherent noise during prestack depth migration," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1262-1265. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1885629 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Dioxygen Activation by Diiminodipyrromethane Complexes of Ni, Pd, and Pt (2007)

Diiminodipyrromethane complexes of Ni, Pd, and Pt are able to activate O2, resulting in a metal-dependent autoxidation of the ligand.
Fullerene lipids: Synthesis of C<sub>60</sub> fullerence derivatives bearing a long‐chain saturated or unsaturated triester system (1999)

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was successfully esterified with saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids. The resulting amino-triester intermediates were successively reacted with chloroacetyl chloride, sodium azide, and C60 fullerene. Spectral evidence showed that the aziridine ring is joined to the junction of 16,6]-fused rings of the fullerene. The structures of the various C60 fullerene derivatives bearing a long-chain saturated or unsaturated triester system were characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods.
Unraveling Unidirectional Threading of α-Cyclodextrin in a [2]Rotaxane through Spin Labeling Approach (2012)

We present here the results of a CW-ESR investigation of a double spin labeled α-cyclodextrin-based [2]rotaxane that is characterized by the presence of nitroxide labels both at the wheel and at the dumbbell. This was accomplished by synthesizing a spin labeled α-CD (the wheel) that was mechanically blocked on a thread containing a nitroxide unit by a Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Both ESI-MS analysis and NMR spectroscopy were used to provide evidence of the threading processes. Because of the unsymmetrical structure of both the wheel and the axle, two different geometrical isomers could be predicted on the basis of the orientation of the CD along the thread. By combining molecular dynamic calculations and information extracted from the CW-ESR spectra, we were able to determine the geometrical nature of the isomer that was isolated as the only species. The ESR spectra showed J-coupling between the two mechanically connected nitroxide units and were analyzed by a model assuming three main molecular states. The intramolecular noncovalent nature of spin exchange was confirmed by reversibly switching the magnetic interaction on-off by changing the pH of the solution in the presence of a competing macrocyclic host.
Synthesis of polyamide‐sulfonamides by ring‐opening polyaddition of 2,2′‐disubstituted bis(thiazetidinone 1,1‐dioxides) with aliphatic diamines (1979)

Abstract New bifunctional, four‐membered heterocyclic monomers, 2,2′‐ m ‐xylylenebis(4,4‐dimethyl‐1,2‐thiazetidin‐3‐one 1,1‐dioxide) ( 1a ) and 2,2′‐oxydi‐ p ‐phenylenebis(4,4‐dimethyl‐1,2‐thiazetidin‐3‐one 1,1‐dioxide) ( 1b ), were synthesized from 2‐chlorosulfonyl‐2‐methylpropionyl chloride and the corresponding diamines. The ring‐opening polyaddition of these monomers 1a and 1b with aliphatic diamines in polar aprotic solvents afforded polyamide‐sulfonamides having inherent viscosities of 0,1–0,2 dl·g −1 in excellent yields. These polymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents and both acidic and basic media. They began to lose weight at around 300°C in nitrogen under thermogravimetry.
Dehydrative metabolites of 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridine)ethanol as potential hypocholesteremic agents (1978)

The E and Z isomers of 2-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1-propenyl]pyridine (2a,b) and 2-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propenyl]pyridine (4a,b) were synthesized and separated as possible metabolites of 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridine)ethanol (1a). Following administration of 1a to rats, a HPLC system was used to examine urine and serum specimens for the less polar metabolites of 1a. Isomers 2a and 2b were not detected but their hydroxylated derivatives 4a and 4b were observed as minor metabolites. Compounds 2a,b and 4a,b exhibited hypocholesteremic activity in rats; compounds 4a and 4b are of special interest because they possessed relatively low estrogenicity.
Organocatalysis for the Acid‐Free <i>O</i>‐Arylidenation of Carbohydrates (2013)

Abstract Methyl glycopyranosides of glucose, galactose, and mannose, their 2,3‐di‐ O ‐benzyl‐protected derivatives, as well as the unprotected sugars react with p ‐methoxybenzaldehyde dimethyl acetal ( 3 ) and with benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal ( 7 ) as reagents in the presence of thiourea 1 or squaramide 2 as the organocatalyst to afford regioselectively 4,6‐ O ‐arylidenated derivatives 5 and 8 . With an excess amount of 3 or 7 , diarylidenated derivatives are also obtained. In situ formation of acetals of type 3 and 7 from corresponding aldehydes 10 and 13 in the presence of an orthoester and organocatalyst 1 or 2 can be used to generate 5 and 8 directly from the aldehydes. Some substrates also lead to mixed orthoesters with this procedure. The reaction courses are discussed.
Effect of Nitric Acid Pretreatment on the Properties of Activated Carbon and Supported Palladium Catalysts (2005)

The activated carbon was pretreated with different concentrations of HNO3 (from 0.5 to 67%). The amount and type of oxygen-containing groups on the activated carbon were determined with the adsorption neutralization method and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of CO and CO2; furthermore, the density of total acidity (DTA) has been proposed. The Pd particle size of Pd/C catalysts was measured by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), CO chemisorption, and TEM. The experimental results indicated that the amount of oxygen-containing groups and the total acidity on the activated carbons, the Pd particle size and catalytic activity of Pd/C catalysts are highly dependent upon the HNO3 concentration used in the pretreatment. The pretreatment of activated carbon with a low concentration of HNO3 can increase the structure parameters due to removal of the impurities, will be beneficial to create an appropriate DTA environment, and will further improve the Pd dispersion and the catalytic activity of Pd/C catalysts. The highest catalytic activity and the finest Pd particle of Pd/C catalysts can be reached at 2.5% concentration of HNO3. A too-large amount of oxygen-containing groups assembling densely on the activated carbon will influence the Pd dispersion on the activated carbon well.
The Kdo Biosynthetic Pathway Toward OM Biogenesis as Target in Antibacterial Drug Design and Development (2009)

Despite important advances made in the last century, infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microrganisms are still a major threat to human health. This is worsened by the occurrence of new forms of bacterial resistance against antibiotics, that are the main remedy against infectious diseases, and their rapid spreading across bacterial species, pose additional threats to our health. Thus, the necessity to develop new weapons against pathogenic bacteria is widely recognized as a major challenge for modern drug research. Traditional antibiotic discovery procedures have so far focused on inhibiting the main processes of the bacterial cell (replication, transcription, translation, and peptidoglycan synthesis). This review will give an overview of the therapeutic strategies to cure infectious diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria through the development of inhibitors of Kdo biosynthesis. Kdo is a monsaccharide essential for OM biogenesis, OM being an essential cellular structure shared by all Gram-negative bacteria. Hence, inhibitors of its biosynthesis can have a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.
TDM-based coordination function (TCF) in WLAN for high throughput (2005)

IEEE 802.11 has become a dominant standard for wireless local area network (WLAN), and the users' demand for high throughput of IEEE 802.11 is continuously increasing. We propose a new medium access control scheme, TDM-based coordination function (TCF), which can be used when all the stations are within the radio transmission range. TCF uses information on the number of active stations explicitly to eliminate the contention period in the DCF (distributed coordination function) of IEEE 802.11. TCF can improve overall throughput and provide fair sharing of resources among active stations. Also, TCF is simple and can be implemented distributively. Simulation is performed to compare TCF with DCF and FCR (fast collision recovery) in terms of performance.
Role of Autofluorescence in Flow Cytometric Analysis of Escherichia coli Treated with Bactericidal Antibiotics (2013)

Bactericidal antibiotics kill by different mechanisms as a result of a specific interaction with their cellular targets. Over the past few years, alternative explanations for cidality have been proposed based on a postulated common pathway, depending on the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species. Detection of hydroxyl radicals relies on staining with specific fluorescent dyes that can penetrate the cell and are detected using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry has become an important tool in microbiology to study characteristics of individual cells within large heterogeneous cellular populations. We show here that Escherichia coli treated with different bactericidal antibiotics exhibits increased autofluorescence when analyzed by flow cytometry. We present evidence suggesting that this change in autofluorescence is caused by altered cell morphology upon antibiotic treatment. Consistent with this view, mutant cells that fail to elongate upon norfloxacin treatment show no increased auto-fluorescence response. Finally, we present data demonstrating that changes in autofluorescence can impact the results with fluorescent probes when using flow cytometry and confound the findings obtained with specific dyes. In summary, recent findings that correlate the exposure to cidal antibiotics with the production of reactive oxygen species need to be reconsidered in light of such changes in autofluorescence. Conclusive evidence for an increase of hydroxyl radicals after treatment with such drugs is still missing.
Modified LMS Adaptation Algorithm for a Discrete-Time Edge Equalizer of Serial I/O (2006)

Discrete-time edge equalizers can enhance symbol-rate equalizers by compensating for inter-symbol interference at data transitions (timing ISI). The reduced timing ISI improves the timing margin and provides the CDR with clean timing information. This paper shows that adapting tap weights with standard blind LMS algorithm results in a reduced eye and may not converge. A modified algorithm is introduced to maximize the data eye.
Low-cost, high-impact video production techniques for laboratory instructional materials (2002)

Video production techniques have been developed to produce laboratory instructional materials that are low cost, both in terms of cash outlay and in instructor development time, and yet which achieve high impact in terms of student learning effectiveness. This paper reviews the instructional needs of the students that motivate the specific choice of production techniques, and presents assessment results from classroom use of the methods. The techniques have been developed to support lab-oriented courses that require students to become proficient users of a set of CAD tools.
Oral immunotherapy tolerizes mice to enzyme replacement therapy for Morquio A syndrome (2019)

Immune response to therapeutic enzymes poses a detriment to patient safety and treatment outcome. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a standard therapeutic option for some types of mucopolysaccharidoses, including Morquio A syndrome caused by N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) deficiency. Current protocols tolerize patients using cytotoxic immunosuppressives, which can cause adverse effects. Here we show development of tolerance in Morquio A mice via oral delivery of peptide or GALNS for 10 days prior to ERT. Our results show that using an immunodominant peptide (I10) or the complete GALNS enzyme to orally induce tolerance to GALNS prior to ERT resulted in several improvements to ERT in mice: (a) decreased splenocyte proliferation after in vitro GALNS stimulation, (b) modulation of the cytokine secretion profile, (c) decrease in GALNS-specific IgG or IgE in plasma, (d) decreased GAG storage in liver, and (e) fewer circulating immune complexes in plasma. This model could be extrapolated to other lysosomal storage disorders in which immune response hinders ERT.
A MMIC-based 75-110 GHz signal source (2003)

This paper describes the design, construction, and testing of a compact W-Band signal source module. The MMIC-based module is an active /spl times/6 frequency multiplier, requiring a 12.5 to 18.5 GHz, 2 mW input signal, which can be provided by any microwave synthesizer or other readily available oscillators. The design Includes directional couplers with integrated millimeter-wave detectors on the output for power and reflection monitoring. Output power Is voltage-controllable over a 10 dB dynamic range. Test results show 10 dB conversion gain at the maximum output power of about 20 mW across the band.
Overview of Key Zonal Water Injection Technologies in China (2013)

Abstract Separated layer water injection is the important technology to realize the oilfield long-term high and stable yield. Through continuous researches and technological innovations, series separated layer water injection technologies have been developed to meet the technology needs of the different oilfield development stages to solve the interlayer problems, achieve high efficient of water injection, and solve the bottlenecks in different water injection stages. Oilfield water injection gradually comes to separated layer water injection, separate minilayer water injection and fine water injection stages from the early stage commingled water injection. Water injection technologies have experienced five main stages: commingled water injection, concentric water injection, eccentric water injection, integrated water injection and intelligent water injection. Every stage of the technology has played an important role for the oil field development. With the development of the separated layer water injection strings, downhole tools and supporting testing and conditioning technologies for the separated layer water injection, separated layer water injection technology has played an important role in evenly exploiting each reservoir and improving the producing extent of the bad reservoir. This technology has realized zonal production of the multilayer reservoir, and provided the technical support for keeping the oil production from the water flooding taking up more than 80% of the total. Introduction Water injection is the base of oilfield development. Separated layer water injection technique has play an important role in realizing the oilfield long-term high and stable yield and improving oil recovery. And it is also the inevitable choice to maintain oil production rate for water flooding reservoirs with high water cut. In order to satisfy the needs of different oilfield development stage, a series of water injection technologies have established to handle conflicts between layers and realize water injection effectively. The water injection strings have experienced stationary separated layer water injection, eccentric water injection, concentric integrated water injection and eccentric separated layer water injection from the early stage commingled water injection. Supporting testing and conditioning technologies for the separated layer water injection have come to cable testing and conditioning, ground control downhole water choke stepless regulation from steel wire free dropping and fishing technology. After 60 years development of separated water injection and supporting testing and conditioning technology, the separated layer water injection technology has come to "eccentric separated layer water injection + cable testing and conditioning", which has improved the recovery ratio of the water injection wells as a main water injection technology in China.
Delay insensitive RSFQ circuits with zero static power dissipation (1999)

Total power dissipation in RSFQ circuits consists of two parts, dynamic and static. Dynamic power is dissipated in Josephson junctions performing useful logical and data transmission operations. This dissipation is fundamental and proportional to the data rate (at 4 K, of the order of 10/sup -18/ Joule per bit). Static power is dissipated in resistors used by RSFQ circuits to distribute dc bias current between Josephson junctions. This part of dissipation is not intrinsic to RSFQ circuits and in principle can be eliminated. The goal of this work is to show that Delay Insensitive (DI) RSFQ primitives can be modified so that resistors are no longer required in the dc power supply distribution network, so that the on-chip static power dissipation is absent. In this report we present the schematics for such primitives, define the class of circuits that allow resistor-free current distribution network, and formulate the requirements to the design of this network.
Applying Learning Principles to the Treatment of Post‐Trauma Reactions (2003)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be characterized as a failure of recovery caused, in part, by a failure of fear extinction after trauma. By studying the process of extinction, we can be informed regarding the etiology and maintenance of PTSD. The normal response to trauma in humans includes a set of predictable reactions including reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal that typically extinguish in the days and weeks after the trauma. In the majority of people exposed to trauma, these responses extinguish over time. However, in a substantial minority, extinction fails and these persisting responses become the symptoms of PTSD. Therefore, one of our fundamental hypotheses is that PTSD is a disorder caused in part by the failure of extinction of predictable posttraumatic physiological and psychological reactions. The most empirically validated treatments for PTSD involve exposure of the patient to trauma-related cues in the absence of danger that then lead to the extinction of these reexperiencing, avoidance, and arousal symptoms. There is also mounting evidence that individuals with PTSD are more resistant to extinction. Regarding early interventions with traumatized individuals, there is mounting evidence that some early one-time interventions actually may impede extinction, whereas interventions delivered in more than one session, at least several weeks after the trauma, to individuals continuing to experience above average reactions, generally are effective in preventing the development of PTSD. Thus, there appears to be an interaction between timing of the intervention, number of intervention sessions, and either arousal level and/or risk status in determining whether the intervention will be helpful, harmful, or neutral.