gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surgical Treatment of Posttraumatic Cystic and Tethered Spinal Cords (1999)

Posttraumatic syringomyelia as a cause of progressive neurologic deterioration has been well described. More recently, the noncystic posttraumatic tethered cord has been associated with identical progressive neurologic deterioration. A retrospective analysis of patients treated surgically with spinal cord untethering and/or cyst shunting to arrest a progressive myelopathy from a posttraumatic tethered and/or cystic cord was performed. Emphasis was on outcome using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) sensory and motor scoring systems. During an 18-month period from May 1993 to December 1994, 70 patients with spinal cord injury were operated upon for tethered and/or cystic spinal cords because of a progressive myelopathy and deteriorating ASIA sensory/motor scores. Fifty-nine patients had follow-up data 1 year postoperatively. At the 1 year follow-up, there was small improvement in light touch sensory scores (0.67 points), pinprick scores (1.3 points), and motor scores (0.41 points) demonstrating that the progression of the myelopathic process was arrested. Thirty-four of these 59 patients had no previous surgery to their spinal cords. At 1 year follow-up, light touch scores improved on average 2.38 points, pinprick scores 3.88 points (p < 0.05), and motor scores 1.47 points, suggesting better outcome with first-time surgery. Of this latter group, 64.3% regained a lost function, 62.5% saw improvement in spasticity, 55.6% had substantial improvement in neurogenic pain, and 95.8% felt that surgery prevented further neurologic deterioration.
Structural and Defect Study of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Formation (1996)

Abstract The LiMn 2 O 4 formation from MnO and Li 2 CO 3 mixtures with lithium cationic fraction 0.31 <̲ x <̲ 0.40 was studied by structural profile refinement from X-ray data, thermal (TGA and DSC) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Quantitative phase analysis, structural and microstructural parameters and composition of the coexisting phases were obtained. Different behaviours were observed in the composition ranges 0.33 <̲ x <̲ 0.35 and x >̲ 0.37. In the former range only the stoichiometric spinel phase was obtained, in the latter, in addition to the Li 2 MnO 3 compound, two spinel phases could be considered: I) LiMn 2 O 4 stoichiometric spinel; II) Li 1 + y Mn 2 - y O 4 (0.11 <̲ y <̲ 0.23), a non-stoichiometric phase whose small particle size resulted practically independent of the initial composition and annealing temperature. Such a conclusion was supported also by SEM observations. The relative abundance of phase II increased with increasing lithium content and with decreasing temperature.
A model for the study of cytotoxic insults on human colorectal mucosa <i>in vitro</i> (1987)

Conference Article| April 01 1987 A model for the study of cytotoxic insults on human colorectal mucosa in vitro A. McCANN; A. McCANN *Saint Luke's Hospital, Rathgar, Dublin 6, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N. AFDHAL; N. AFDHAL †Saint Vincent's Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar D. P. O'DONOGHUE D. P. O'DONOGHUE †Saint Vincent's Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (2): 281. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150281 Article history Received: October 02 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A. McCANN, N. AFDHAL, D. P. O'DONOGHUE; A model for the study of cytotoxic insults on human colorectal mucosa in vitro. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1987; 15 (2): 281. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150281 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Polymorphisms in Genes Related to Oxidative Stress ( <i>CAT, MnSOD, MPO</i> , and <i>eNOS</i> ) and Acute Toxicities from Radiation Therapy following Lumpectomy for Breast Cancer (2006)

Associations between BMI and radiotoxicity risk may be most apparent among women with genotypes related to higher levels of oxidative stress. Regression trees may be useful in future studies to examine the contributions of multiple factors to individual susceptibility to adverse effects of cancer treatment.
Current-Mode Triline Transceiver for Coded Differential Signaling Across On-Chip Global Interconnects (2017)

This paper presents a current-mode triline ternarylevel coded differential signaling scheme for high-speed data transmission across on-chip global interconnects. An energy efficient current-mode triline transceiver pair suitable for this signaling scheme has been proposed. Compared with a voltage mode receiver with resistive termination, the proposed active terminated current-mode receiver reduces the signal current by 7.8 times and the signaling power by 2.6 times. Two data transmission schemes are proposed for using this transceiver pair. In the first scheme, two data streams are directly transmitted over the three lines link, thereby having a wire efficiency of 67%. In the second scheme, five data streams at half rate are encoded and serialized to send over the three lines, thereby having a wire efficiency of 83%. A prototype design has been implemented in a UMC 0.18-μm technology for an interconnect of length 5 mm. The measured energy efficiency of the triline transceiver in a direct transmission scheme for the data rate of 7.4 Gb/s is 0.61 pJ/bit. With the encoding scheme, the energy efficiency is 1.24 pJ/bit for a total data transmission of 9.25 Gb/s.
Technical challenges in the globalization of software radio (1999)

The software radio has emerged from the third-generation strategy for affordable, ubiquitous, global communications. This article reviews the concepts, architecture, technology challenges, and economics of the continuing productization and globalization of software radio.
Urinary Albumin Excretion Is Associated with Renal Functional Abnormalities in a Nondiabetic Population (2000)

Microalbuminuria (MA) is an important early sign of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperfiltration and impaired filtration in relation to albuminuria has been well investigated in diabetic subjects. This study tested the hypothesis that an increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is associated with renal functional abnormalities also in nondiabetic subjects. The relation between UAE and creatinine clearances (Ccr) in 7728 nondiabetic subjects was studied. Subjects were divided in four groups according to UAE (mg/24 h): 0 to 15 (control), 15 to 30 (high-normal albuminuria [HNA]), 30 to 300 (MA), >300 (macroalbuminuria). An elevated filtration and a diminished filtration were defined as a Ccr exceeding or below 2x the SD of the control group corrected for age and gender. Ccr followed a parabolic trend, with a higher Ccr in the HNA as compared with control and a lower Ccr in the MA and macroalbuminuria group as compared with HNA. With each increasing UAE level, male sex, age, body mass index, minimal waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP, plasma glucose, and a positive family history for diabetes all followed a significant linear increasing trend (P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, plasma glucose, a positive family history for diabetes, systolic and diastolic BP, antihypertensive medication, and smoking in a multivariate analysis, HNA and MA were independently associated with an elevated filtration (RR 1.8 [95% confidence interval, 1.30 to 2.51] and 1.7 [1.17 to 2. 45]). Macroalbuminuria was independently associated with a diminished filtration (4.3 [range, 1.97 to 9.36]). In conclusion, an elevated UAE might be an important and early sign for progressive renal function loss in a nondiabetic population.
Frequential and color analysis for hair mask segmentation (2008)

In this paper, we present an automatic method for hair segmentation. Our algorithm is divided into two steps. Firstly, we take information from frequential and color analysis in order to create binary masks as descriptor of the hair location. Secondly, we perform a 'matting treatment' which is a process to extract foreground object from an image. This approach is based on markers which positions are initialized from the fusion of frequential and color masks. At the end the matting treatment result is use to segment the hair. Results are evaluated using semi- manual segmentation references.
Runtime pointer disambiguation (2015)

To optimize code effectively, compilers must deal with memory dependencies. However, the state-of-the-art heuristics available in the literature to track memory dependencies are inherently imprecise and computationally expensive. Consequently, the most advanced code transformations that compilers have today are ineffective when applied on real-world programs. The goal of this paper is to solve this conundrum through dynamic disambiguation of pointers. We provide different ways to determine at runtime when two memory locations can overlap. We then produce two versions of a code region: one that is aliasing-free - hence, easy to optimize - and another that is not. Our checks let us safely branch to the optimizable region. We have applied these ideas on Polly-LLVM, a loop optimizer built on top of the LLVM compilation infrastructure. Our experiments indicate that our method is precise, effective and useful: we can disambiguate every pair of pointer in the loop intensive Polybench benchmark suite. The result of this precision is code quality: the binaries we generate are 10% faster than those that Polly-LLVM produces without our optimization, at the -O3 optimization level of LLVM.
Evolutionary Divergences in Root Exudate Composition among Ecologically-Contrasting Helianthus Species (2016)

Plant roots exude numerous metabolites into the soil that influence nutrient availability. Although root exudate composition is hypothesized to be under selection in low fertility soils, few studies have tested this hypothesis in a phylogenetic framework. In this study, we examined root exudates of three pairs of Helianthus species chosen as phylogenetically-independent contrasts with respect to native soil nutrient availability. Under controlled environmental conditions, seedlings were grown to the three-leaf-pair stage, then transferred to either high or low nutrient treatments. After five days of nutrient treatments, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of root exudates, and detected 37 metabolites across species. When compared in the high nutrient treatment, species native to low nutrient soils exhibited overall higher exudation than their sister species native to high nutrient soils in all three species pairs, providing support for repeated evolutionary shifts in response to native soil fertility. Species native to low nutrient soils and those native to high nutrient soils responded similarly to low nutrient treatments with increased exudation of organic acids (fumaric, citric, malic acids) and glucose, potentially as a mechanism to enhance nutrition acquisition. However, species native to low nutrient soils also responded to low nutrient treatments with a larger decrease in exudation of amino acids than species native to high nutrient soils in all three species pairs. This indicates that species native to low nutrient soils have evolved a unique sensitivity to changes in nutrient availability for some, but not all, root exudates. Overall, these repeated evolutionary divergences between species native to low nutrient soils and those native to high nutrient soils provide evidence for the adaptive value of root exudation, and its plasticity, in contrasting soil environments.
Finite-size effect and its temperature dependence of giant magnetoresistance in magnetic granular materials (1996)

In magnetic granular alloys such as Co-Ag, a large finite-size effect in giant magnetoresistance (GMR) has been observed as the sample thickness (t) varies. The value of GMR monotonically decreases and eventually vanishes as t approaches zero. The t range, over which the GMR value drops rapidly to zero, has been found to be weakly dependent on temperature. Our results are consistent with a picture that a strong spin-orbit interaction at surfaces is responsible for randomizing spins in different spin channels, thus reducing GMR.
Inclusion Body Hepatitis as a Primary Disease in Broilers in Saskatchewan, Canada (2006)

In recent years inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) has emerged as an economically important disease in Western Canada. Historically, infections with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and chicken anemia virus (CAV) have been known to suppress the immune system of broilers and make them more susceptible to a secondary disease such as IBH. Recently it has been reported that virulent adenoviruses are able to cause IBH as a primary disease in broilers without apparent involvement of IBDV and CAV. The objectives of this study were to examine the possible association of IBH with IBDV and CAV infections in Western Canada and to identify adenoviruses involved in outbreaks. Serum samples from 17 broiler-breeder flocks and their progeny were collected when broilers were hatched and then again from broilers at the time of slaughter, and these samples were tested for IBDV and CAV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Based on the ELISA titers the antibody response to vaccination against IBDV and CAV was at an expected level in all broiler flocks. Therefore, IBH outbreaks in these flocks were not due to inadequate levels of antibodies against IBDV and CAV. Moreover, there was no correlation found between occurrences of IBH outbreaks in broilers and their IBDV or CAV titers at the time of processing. Viruses that were isolated from livers of birds suffering from IBH could be classified into four different genotypes. Their hexon gene loop 1 sequences showed high percentages of identity to FAdV-7, FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11. The results of this study could not demonstrate an association of IBH with IBDV and CAV infections, but they supported the hypothesis that IBH in broilers in Western Canada is a primary disease with no apparent immunosuppressive involvement.
Terahertz electrical and optical properties of LiNbO<sub>3</sub>single crystal thin films (2015)

A study of Terahertz response of single crystal LiNbO<sub>3 </sub>thin films subjected to different structural and experimental configuration has been conducted in this work. In this work z-cut and x-cut ion-sliced Lithium Niobate thin films with and without embedded electrodes have been studied employing both Transmission and Reflection mode of Terahertz Spectroscopy along with z-cut single crystal in bulk form. The measurements have been performed in room temperature to probe distinctive THz-material interactions in the frequency range of 0.1-3 THz (3.34cm<sup>-1</sup> - 100cm<sup>-1</sup>). The information thus obtained from the experimental investigation has been used to deduce a conclusive study on the influence of different polar domains on electrical and optical properties in THz frequency regime. Single Lorentzian oscillator model has also been used to define the THz signature thus acquired.
Resolution of subwavelength transmission devices formed by a wire medium (2006)

The restrictions on the resolution of transmission devices formed by wire media (arrays of conductive cylinders) recently proposed in Phys. Rev. B 71, 193105 (2005) and experimentally tested in Phys. Rev. B 73, 033108 (2006) are studied in this paper using both analytical and numerical modeling. It is demonstrated that such transmission devices have subwavelength resolution that can in principle be made as fine as required by a specific application by controlling the lattice constant of the wire medium. This confirms that slabs of the wire medium are unique imaging devices at the microwave frequency range, and are capable of transmitting distributions of TM-polarized electric fields with nearly unlimited subwavelength resolution to practically arbitrary distances.
Mask-on hypoxia training for tactical jet aviators: evaluation of an alternate instructional paradigm. (2006)

Student feedback from this instructional evaluation indicates that using an ROBD in combination with actual flight duties is a safe, effective, and preferred means of training experienced tactical jet aviators to recognize and recover from hypoxia.
3D analytical calculation of the forces exerted between two cuboidal magnets (1984)

The interaction forces exerted between permanent magnets are used in many magneto-mechanical devices (magnetic bearings, couplings, etc...). By analytical calculation, 2D problems can be solved easily, when simple shaped magnets are used. Usually, the 3D problems are numerically computed, by using a finite element method for example. This paper presents the 3D calculation of the interaction forces exerted between two cuboidal magnets, by analytical means only. The obtained expressions are rather complicated, but a pocket programmable calculator is sufficient to the force calculation. By derivation, the analytical expressions of the stiffnesses can be easily obtained. In addition, the 3D analytical calculation allows a simple optimization of the magnet dimensions.
Azachalcones. Part 2: Reactions of 3,3-diazachalcones. (1982)

1,3-Di(3-pyridyl)-2-propen-1-one (1) react with malononitrile in presence of ammonium acetate to afford 2-amino-3-cyano-4, 6-di(3-pyridyl)pyridine (2), which was converted to the nicotinamide derivative 3 by hydrolysis with alkali. In a similar way, 1 react with ethyl cyanoacetate to give 3-cyano-4,6-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyridone (4). Treating of 1 with hydroxylamine hydrochloride afforded the oxime 5 which upon reaction with alkyl- or aryl-isocyanates gave the oxime carbamates 6. Reaction of thiourea and hydrazines with 1 gave the thiopyrimidine 7 and the pyrazolines 8, respectively. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed according to their IR and UV spectra. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds against several microorganisms is presented.
Androgen Receptor: An Overview (1995)

The action of androgens in regulating development and growth is mediated by androgen receptor (AR). AR is a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, a class of receptors that function through their ability to regulate the transcription of specific genes. The AR is located in various target tissues, with its levels and activity altered with the onset of various cellular events (e.g., sexual development, malignant transformation). The modulation of AR levels occurs through a number of mechanisms, including transcription, and is regulated by various factors (e.g., androgens). The ability of AR to modulate gene transcription is through its interaction with specific DNA sequences located near or within the target gene promoter. The importance of the AR in reproductive physiology has been emphasized by the finding of AR mutations, leading to a variety of disorders, including testicular feminization syndrome. In this article, we review the structure and function of AR and the role AR plays in the function of the mammalian system.
Building classifiers using Bayesian networks (1996)

Recent work in supervised learning has shown that a surprisingly simple Bayesian classifier with strong assumptions of independence among features, called naive Bayes, is competitive with state of the art classifiers such as C4.5. This fact raises the question of whether a classifier with less restrictive assumptions can perform even better. In this paper we examine and evaluate approaches for inducing classifiers from data, based on recent results in the theory of learning Bayesian networks. Bayesian networks are factored representations of probability distributions that generalize the naive Bayes classifier and explicitly represent statements about independence. Among these approacheswe single out a method we call Tree Augmented Naive Bayes (TAN), which outperforms naive Bayes, yet at the same time maintains the computational simplicity (no search involved) and robustness which are characteristic of naive Bayes. We experimentally tested these approaches using benchmark problems from...
Learning Qualitative Models from Physiological Signals (1994)

. Physiological models represent a useful form of knowledge, but are both difficult and time consuming to construct by hand. Further, most physiological systems are incompletely understood. This article addresses these two issues with a system that learns qualitative models from physiological signals. The qualitative representation of models allows incomplete knowledge to be encapsulated, and is based on Kuipers&apos; approach used in his QSIM algorithm. The learning algorithm allows automatic generation of such models, and is based on Coiera&apos;s GENMODEL algorithm. We first show that QSIM models are efficiently PAC learnable from positive examples only, and that GENMODEL is an algorithm for efficiently constructing a QSIM model consistent with a given set of examples, if one exists. We then describe the learning system in detail, including the front-end processing and segmenting stages that transform a signal into a set of qualitative states, and GENMODEL that uses these qualitative states a...
Modeling and Segmentation of Noisy and Textured Images Using Gibbs Random Fields (1987)

This paper presents a new approach to the use of Gibbs distributions (GD) for modeling and segmentation of noisy and textured images. Specifically, the paper presents random field models for noisy and textured image data based upon a hierarchy of GD. It then presents dynamic programming based segmentation algorithms for noisy and textured images, considering a statistical maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion. Due to computational concerns, however, sub-optimal versions of the algorithms are devised through simplifying approximations in the model. Since model parameters are needed for the segmentation algorithms, a new parameter estimation technique is developed for estimating the parameters in a GD. Finally, a number of examples are presented which show the usefulness of the Gibbsian model and the effectiveness of the segmentation algorithms and the parameter estimation procedures.