gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SU-840, a novel synthetic flavonoid derivative of sophoradin, with potent gastroprotective and ulcer healing activity. (1998)

Flavonois derived from sophoradine are known to exhibit gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties but the mechanism of these actions are not fully explained. In this study we determined the effect of novel flavonoid derivative of sophoradin, SU-840, on gastric secretion, acute gastric lesions induced by acid-independent (100% ethanol) or acid-dependent ulcerogens (acidified aspirin (ASA) and stress) and on the healing of chronic gastric ulcers in rats. The number and area of gastric lesions was determined by planimetry, gastric blood flow (GBF) was measured using H2-gas clearance technique and the mucosal samples were excised for the measurement of PGE2 generation by radioimmunoassay. Exposure of rats to 100% ethanol or acidified ASA (100 mg/kg dissolved in 0.2 N HCl) or to water immersion and restraint stress (WRS) resulted in hemorrhagic gastric lesions accompanied by drastic fall in the GBF as compared to the values recorded in vehicle treated gastric mucosa. SU-840 (6.25-100 mg/kg i.g.) reduced dose-dependently gastric acid and pepsin secretion and gastric lesions induced by ethanol, acidified ASA and WRS, the dose inhibiting by 50% of these lesions (ID50) being 28, 17 and 95 mg/kg, respectively. This protection required much lower doses as compared to original sofalcone or sucralfate and was obtained when this sofalcone-like drug was administered via parenteral route. The protective effect of SU-840 given i.g. or i.p. was accompanied by a marked rise in the GBF and mucosal generation of PGE2. The protective activity of SU-840 showed longer duration of the action than that of sofalcone and occurred in the doses that failed to affect gastric secretion. Pretreatment with indomethacin to suppress endogenous PG reversed completely the protective and hyperemic effects of SU-840 against ethanol and stress induced damage whereas L-NNA, a potent inhibitor of NO-synthase, failed to affect protection but completely abolished the hyperemia evoked by this agent. NEM, an sulfhydryl alkylator, significantly attenuated the protective and hyperemic effects of SU-840 suggesting that endogenous sulfhydryls are involved in these effects. Seven day treatment with SU-840 accelerated significantly healing rate of chronic gastric ulcers and increased the GBF at the ulcer crater and ulcer margin. These effects were reversed by L-NNA and further restored by the addition to L-NNA of L-arginine, a substrate for NO-synthase. We conclude that SU-840 exhibits gastroprotective and hyperemic activity against acid-independent and acid-dependent irritants involving endogenous PG, sulfhydryls and hyperemia mediated by NO and 2) enhancement in gastric blood flow in the ulcer area mediated by NO appears to be essential for the acceleration of the ulcer healing by SU-840.
Design of a PZT-based MEMS Rotman lens (2008)

The design of a MEMS Rotman lens that uses a high dielectric constant PZT (Lead Zirconium Titanate) thick film to fill the lens cavity has been presented. The 56 mum thick Rotman lens has a footprint area of 5.5x7.1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , incorporates 3 beam ports, 5 array ports, and operates at 77 GHz. The small size of the Rotman lens beamformer enables to fabricate both the transmit and receive beamformers on the opposite sides of the same wafer to realize a compact MEMS based radar when integrated with necessary microelectronic circuits and microstrip antennas. Analytical simulation results show that the developed beamformer can resolve an angular resolution of up to four degrees. A fabrication procedure for the MEMS Rotman lens has been developed and verified by simulating in IntelliSuitetrade. This microscale implementation enables the Rotman lens to be used as an integral part of a radar unit for automotive collision avoidance applications.
Causes of cracks in SMD and type specific remedies (1991)

Packages used with surface-mount devices (SMDs) have the unique reliability problems of package cracks arising due to soldering stress. Package cracks can be divided into three types, depending on the origin and directions of spread of the cracks. Possible causes for each type of package crack were investigated, and techniques for optimized crackproof package design for individual crack types were developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of Target Materials on the Structural Properties of Sputtered SiC Films (1980)

films were prepared either by direct sputtering of a target in Ar or by reactive sputtering of a Si target in a mixture of Ar and hydrocarbon. Their chemical composition and structural properties were examined by Auger electron spectroscopy, infrared transmission, and reflection electron diffraction. It is seen that the chemical composition of the films sputtered from the Si target is strongly dependent on the deposition rate and the partial pressure of hydrocarbon. The sputtered films from the target crystallize at lower deposition temperature than those from the Si target.
Holistic optimization architecture enabling sub-14-nm projection lithography (2014)

Parallel with the introduction of EUV lithography, immersion lithography is being extended to the 14- and 10-nm node, and the lithography performance requirements need to be tightened further to enable this shrink. Next to generic scanner system improvements, application-specific solutions are needed to follow the requirements for critical dimension (CD) control and overlay. The application-specific solutions need a holistic optimization approach for the scanner, the mask, and the patterning process. We will describe the holistic lithography systems architecture that enables dynamic use of high-order scanner optimization based on advanced actuators of projection lens and scanning stages. Next to the scanner system, key components of this architecture are an angle-resolved scatterometer to measure CD, overlay, and focus, and an off-tool computation server to calculate application-specific recipes for the scanner. Based on real production wafer data, we will show the benefit for CD control, focus control, and overlay control, and demonstrate lithography performance levels required for 14- and 10-nm node production.
Extended State Observer-Based Sliding Mode Control with New Reaching Law for PMSM Speed Control (2016)

In order to improve the performance of external disturbance rejection of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in speed control, sliding mode control with extended state observer is adopted in this paper. First, an exponential function-based sliding mode reaching law (ESMRL) is developed. The ESMRL can dynamically adapt to the variations of the controlled system, which decrease the reaching time in reaching stage and void chattering in sliding motion stage while maintaining high tracking accuracy of the servo system. Then, an extended state observer (ESO) is introduced to the controller to simultaneously estimate external disturbance and compensate the uncertainties. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has better suppression of chattering effect and disturbance rejection ability while ensuring dynamic performance.
Enhancement of radioactivity of carbon-14-carbon-12 mixtures via partial reduction (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhancement of radioactivity of carbon-14-carbon-12 mixtures via partial reductionCheryl D. StevensonCheryl D. StevensonMore by Cheryl D. Stevenson and Toni L. LauricellaToni L. LauricellaMore by Toni L. LauricellaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 17, 5366–5367Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00277a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00277a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Triterpenoids (1995)

J. D. Connolly and R. A. Hill, Nat. Prod. Rep., 1995, 12, 609 DOI: 10.1039/NP9951200609
Optimal Occulter Design for Finding Extrasolar Planets (2007)

One proposed method for finding terrestrial planets around nearby stars is to use two spacecraft--a telescope and a specially shaped occulter that is specifically designed to prevent all but a tiny fraction of the starlight from diffracting into the telescope. As the cost and observing cadence for such a mission will be driven largely by the separation between the two spacecraft, it is critically important to design an occulter that can meet the observing goals while flying as close to the telescope as possible. In this paper, we explore this tradeoff between separation and occulter diameter. More specifically, we present a method for designing the shape of the outer edge of an occulter that is as small as possible and gives a shadow that is deep enough and large enough for a 4m telescope to survey the habitable zones of many stars for Earth-like planets. In particular, we show that in order for a 4m telescope to detect in broadband visible light a planet 0.06 arcseconds from a star shining $10^{10}$ times brighter than the planet requires a specially-shaped occulter 50m in diameter positioned about $72,000$ km in front of the telescope.
An Extended Linkage Map for Watermelon Based on SRAP, AFLP, SSR, ISSR, and RAPD Markers (2006)

Seventy-one amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), 93 sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), and 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to extend an initial genetic linkage map for watermelon [ Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. The initial map was based on 151 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 30 and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A testcross population previously used for mapping of RAPD and ISSR markers was used in this study: {plant accession Griffin 14113 [ C. lanatus var . citroide (L.H. Bailey) Mansf.] × the watermelon cultivar New Hampshire Midget ( C. lanatus var. lanatus )} × PI 386015 [ C. colocynthis (L.) Schrad.]. The linkage map contains 360 DNA markers distributed on 19 linkage groups, and covers a genetic distance of 1976 cM with an average distance of 5.8 cM between two markers. A genomic DNA clone representing 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC-) synthase gene, involved in ethylene biosynthesis, was also mapped. As in previous mapping studies for watermelon, a large number of AFLP and SRAP markers were skewed away from the 1:1 segregation ratio, and had to be excluded from the final mapping analysis. The stringent mapping criteria (JoinMap 3.0 mapping program) produced linkage groups with marker order consistent with those reported in previous mapping study for watermelon.
A CMOS Dissolved Wafer Process For Integrated P++ Microelectromechanical Systems (2005)

This paper presents a fabrication technolo for the integration of p++ microstructures with on-chip circuitry without restrictions upon device shape and size. It is a dissolved wafer technique that combines an electrochemical etch-stop for the circuitry with an impurity-based etch-stop for the microstructures, both of which are defined in an n-epi layer on a p-type Si wafer. A CMOS op. amp. has been integrated with p++ accelerometers using this process. It has a gain of 68 dB and an output swing within 0.2 V of its power supplies, unaffected by the wafer dissolution. The accelerometers have 3 /spl mu/m thick suspension beams and 15 /spl mu/m thick proof masses. The structural and electrical integrity of the fabricated devices demonstrates the success of the fabrication process.
Secure multicast in various scenarios of WirelessMAN (2007)

Multicast enables efficient large-scale content distribution and has become more and more popular in network service. Security is a critical issue for multicast because many applications require access control and privacy. This issue is more sensitive to wireless network, which is lack of physical boundaries. IEEE 802.16 is the standard for next generation wireless network, which aims to provide the last mile access for wireless metropolitan area network (WirelessMAN). Multicast is also supported in IEEE 802.16, and a multicast and broadcast rekeying algorithm (MBRA) is proposed as an optional function for secure multicast. However, this algorithm does not provide backward and forward secrecy, and is not scalable to large group. This paper reviews the above two deficiencies of MBRA and proposes a new algorithm to address them. We also propose algorithms for secure multicast in different scenarios of WirelessMAN besides its basic scheme.
An office technique for identifying crystal in synovial fluid. (1975)

Crystal identification is made with a polarizing, color-compensated light microscope. Most microscopes can be easily and inexpensively adapted for crystal identification. The color compensator allows differentiation between the monosodium urate crystals of gout and the crystals of pseudogout, or calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. All synovial fluid specimens should be examined. The observation of phagocytosis of crystals establishes that they are the etiologic agent responsible for an ongoing acute attack of arthritis.
An electrochemical investigation of photosubstitution processes at glassy-carbon electrodes coated with polymer-bound ruthenium complexes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn electrochemical investigation of photosubstitution processes at glassy-carbon electrodes coated with polymer-bound ruthenium complexesOtto Haas, Monika Kriens, and Johannes G. VosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 6, 1318–1319Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00396a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00396a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal Photovoltaic Array Reconfiguration to Reduce Partial Shading Losses (2012)

Partial shading of a photovoltaic array is the condition under which different modules in the array experience different irradiance levels due to shading. This difference causes mismatch between the modules, leading to undesirable effects such as reduction in generated power and hot spots. The severity of these effects can be considerably reduced by photovoltaic array reconfiguration. This paper proposes a novel mathematical formulation for the optimal reconfiguration of photovoltaic arrays to minimize partial shading losses. The paper formulates the reconfiguration problem as a mixed integer quadratic programming problem and finds the optimal solution using a branch and bound algorithm. The proposed formulation can be used for an equal or nonequal number of modules per row. Moreover, it can be used for fully reconfigurable or partially reconfigurable arrays. The improvement resulting from the reconfiguration with respect to the existing photovoltaic interconnections is demonstrated by extensive simulation results.
Proteins from rat liver cytosol which stimulate mRNA transport (1986)

Two polysome-associated proteins with particular affinities for poly(A) have been purified from rat liver. These proteins stimulate the efflux of mRNA from isolated nuclei in conditions under which such efflux closely stimulates mRNA transport in vivo, and they are therefore considered as mRNA-transport-stimulatory proteins. Their interaction with the mRNA-translocation system in isolated nuclear envelopes has been studied. The results are generally consistent with the most recently proposed kinetic model of mRNA translocation. One protein, P58, has not been described previously. It inhibits the protein kinase that down-regulates the NTPase, it enhances the NTPase activity in both the presence and the absence of poly(A) and it seems to increase poly(A) binding in unphosphorylated, but not in phosphorylated, envelopes. The other protein, P31, which probably corresponds to the 35,000-Mr factor described by Webb and his colleagues, enhances the binding of poly(A) to the mRNA-binding site in the envelope, thus stimulating the phosphoprotein phosphatase and, in consequence, the NTPase. The possible physiological significance of these two proteins is discussed.
A framework for the ex-ante evaluation of ERP software (2001)

It has been widely reported that a large number of ERP implementations fail to meet expectations. This is indicative, firstly, of the magnitude of the problems involved in ERP systems implementation and, secondly, of the importance of the ex-ante evaluation and selection process of ERP software. This paper argues that ERP evaluation should extend its scope beyond operational improvements arising from the ERP software/product per se to the strategic impact of ERP on the competitive position of the organisation. Due to the complexity of ERP software, the intangible nature of both costs and benefits, which evolve over time, and the organisational, technological and behavioural impact of ERP, a broad perspective of the ERP systems evaluation process is needed. The evaluation has to be both quantitative and qualitative and requires an estimation of the perceived costs and benefits throughout the life-cycle of ERP systems. The paper concludes by providing a framework of the key issues involved in the selection process of ERP software and the associated costs and benefits.
Crystal orientation dependence of silicon autocompensation in molecular beam epitaxial gallium arsenide (1982)

Silicon-doped GaAs has been grown simultaneously on (100), (110), and (111)B oriented GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. For constant Si, Ga, and As4 fluxes the surface morphology of the (110) and (111)B faces degraded with increasing substrate temperature above ∼500 °C. (100) films had an n-type free-electron concentration of 5×1016 cm−3 independent of substrate temperature. Films on (110) substrates were p type when grown above ∼550 °C and n type below ∼550 °C whereas (111)B films were highly resisitive under most growth conditions. Low-temperature (4 K) photoluminescence showed good correlation between the Si acceptor peak heights and the compensation ratios derived from electrical measurements.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway activation in breast cancer brain metastases (2011)

The PI3K pathway is active in most BCBMs regardless of subtype. Inhibition of this pathway represents a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with BCBMs, a group of patients with poor prognosis and limited systemic therapeutic options. Although expression of the PI3K pathway did not correlate with OS and survival after BCBM, PTEN- association with time to recurrence and OS (among patients with TNBC) is worthy of further study.
Simultaneous detection of breath and alcohol using breath-alcohol sensor for prevention of drunk driving (2010)

Safety measures concerning drunk driving are the major technical challenges in the car industry. We have developed systems to prevent drunk driving by applying our new, non-contact breath-alcohol sensor in which our original breath sensor is coupled with an alcohol sensor. The breath sensor detects breath by measuring electric currents of positively or negatively charged water clusters in breath that are separated by using an electric field. Our breath-alcohol sensor simultaneously detects the electrical signal of breath and alcohol in breath. This insures that the sample is of a person's breath, not an artificial source.
Low-Profile UWB 2-Port Antenna With High Isolation (2014)

We present a collocated pair of antennas, operating from 700 to 2700 MHz. The antenna structure consists of two wideband dipole elements placed at height 0.093 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">low</sub> above a 0.47 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">low</sub> ×0.54 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">low</sub> ground plane. The dipoles achieve an isolation of about 40 dB using orthogonal polarization arrangement with resistive sheets (R-card) placed between the antenna pair. The configuration is suitable for sidewall mounting and is easy to fabricate with integrated baluns on a single two-sided printed circuit board (PCB). This antenna pair should be useful for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems and simultaneous transmit/receive applications in several common wireless communication bands.
Chemical flowsheet conditions for preparing urania spheres by internal gelation (1979)

Small, ceramic urania spheres can be prepared for use as nuclear fuel by internal chemical gelation of uranyl nitrate solution droplets. Decomposition of hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) dissolved in the uranyl nitrate solution releases ammonia to precipitate hydrated UO/sub 3/. Previously established flowsheet conditions have been improved and modified at ORNL and have been applied to prepare dense UO/sub 2/ spheres with average diameters of 1200, 300, and 30 ..mu..m.