gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of imprinting of three human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes. (1997)

Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic modification in the germline leading to parental allele-specific gene expression in somatic cells. We have previously found that imprinted genes can be abnormally expressed or silenced in tumors and that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) CDKN1C (p57KIP2) is normally imprinted, with preferential expression of the maternal allele. Here we analyze the imprinting status of three additional CKIs, the abnormal expression and/or chromosomal localization of which has been implicated in human malignancy: CDKN1A, CDKN1B, and CDKN2C. Allele-specific expression was examined by reverse transcription-PCR, using primers that span transcribed polymorphisms as well as exon/intron boundaries, to distinguish cDNA products from genomic DNA. Biallelic expression was observed for all three genes in both fetal and adult tissues. Thus, genomic imprinting is not a generalized feature of CKIs.
Mycosporine Glycine Protects Biological Systems Against Photodynamic Damage by Quenching Singlet Oxygen with a High Efficiency¶ (2003)

This report concerns physiological function of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA) as an active defense against the photooxidative effects of sunlight in marine organisms. Mycosporine glycine (MG) is a representative member of MAA family and was found to effectively suppress various detrimental effects of the Type-II photosensitization in biological systems, such as inactivation of mitochondrial electron transport, lipid peroxidation of microsomes, hemolysis of erythrocytes and growth inhibition of Escherichia coli. The presence of MG in solutions of eosin Y or methylene blue resulted in a marked decrease in the level of singlet oxygen (1O2) produced by the sensitizers under illumination. The rate constant of 1O2 quenching by MG was determined to be 5.6 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) by the time-resolved 1O2 luminescence decay method, which is higher than, or at least comparable to, the values for 1O2 reaction of well-known quenchers such as 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane and furfuryl alcohol. The results suggest that MG probably together with some other active MAA may play an important role in protecting marine organisms against sunlight damage by eliminating 1O2 generated from certain endogenous photosensitizers.
E-beam lithography for micro-/nanofabrication (2010)

Electron beam lithography (EBL) is one of the tools of choice for writing micro- and nanostructures on a wide variety of materials. This is largely due to the fact that modern EBL machines are capable of writing nanometer-sized structures on areas up to mm(2). The aim of this contribution is to give technical and practical backgrounds in this extremely flexible nanofabrication technique.
An Approach for Implementing Efficient Superscalar CISC Processors (2006)

An integrated, hardware/software co-designed CISC processor is proposed and analyzed. The objectives are high performance and reduced complexity. Although the x86 ISA is targeted, the overall approach is applicable to other CISC ISAs. To provide high performance on frequently executed code sequences, fully transparent dynamic translation software decomposes CISC superblocks into RISC-style micro-ops. Then, pairs of dependent micro-ops are reordered and fused into macro-ops held in a large, concealed code cache. The macro-ops are fetched from the code cache and processed throughout the pipeline as single units. Consequently, instruction level communication and management are reduced, and processor resources such as the issue buffer and register file ports are better utilized. Moreover, fused instructions lead naturally to pipelined instruction scheduling (issue) logic, and collapsed 3-1 ALUs can be used, resulting in much simplified result forwarding logic. Steady state performance is evaluated for the SPEC2000 benchmarks, and a proposed x86 implementation with complexity similar to a two-wide superscalar processor is shown to provide performance (instructions per cycle) that is equivalent to a conventional four-wide superscalar processor.
Electromagnetic scattering by a dielectric slab loaded with a periodic array of strips over a ground plane (1988)

Scattering of electromagnetic waves from a dielectric slab loaded with a periodic array of perfectly conducting strips is analyzed by a mode-matching technique. The variation of energy of significant scattered modes with various structure parameters is presented for both principal polarizations of the incident wave. The convergence and accuracy of the numerical method is evaluated. Further numerical results are obtained to show the effects of various parameters on the distribution of power in various propagating modes. The results show the usefulness of these structures as reflection-type gratings, polarizers, and filters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new concept of porous thermoelectric module using a reciprocating flow for cooling/heating system (numerical analysis for heating system) (2002)

The paper presents the conceptual design of a novel thermoelectric cooler and/or heater utilizing the heat transfer effect due to forced convection. A porous thermoelectric converter combined with a reciprocating flow system in which the flow direction of air passing through the element is reversed after regular intervals is proposed. This flow system in effect makes the thermal conductivity insignificant and contributes toward the achievement of a highly efficient cooler and/or heater. A one-dimensional numerical analysis is performed to examine the detailed characteristics of the porous thermoelectric heater by systematically varying the relevant thermo-fluid parameters. In the calculation, for a fixed ambient temperature of 27/spl deg/C, dependences of the flow velocity, material porosity, and input power on the system performance are clarified. Moreover, a series of computation is carried out in order to obtain the system's COP.
Effect of Surfactant on Volume and Pressure of Generated CO2 Gas (2007)

Abstract The experimental studies were conducted to estimate the effect of surfactant additives on the volume and the pressure of the CO2 gas generated according to the new proposed technology. An experimental device was designed and built specifically for these purposes. The designed setup allowed initiating and controlling the reaction between the "gas-yielding" (GY) and "gas-forming" (GF) agents proposed by this technology. The temperature was controlled, and the generated gas pressure and volume were recorded during the reaction process. Three types of surfactants were tested to estimate the effect on volume and pressure of generated CO2 gas. The preliminary experimental results on CO2 gas pressure measurements demonstrated that the gas pressure increases with (i) surfactant addition, (ii) decreasing the temperature, and (iii) increasing salinity of the system.
1323. Studies in the indole series. Part III. The Japp–Klingemann reaction (1965)

B. Heath-Brown and P. G. Philpott, J. Chem. Soc., 1965, 7185 DOI: 10.1039/JR9650007185
Specification matching of state-based modular components (2004)

Retrieval of software components from a library relies on techniques for matching user requirements against library component interfaces. Here we introduce a number of techniques for matching formally specified, state-based modules. These techniques will form the basis for retrieval tool support. The techniques described are built on existing specification matching methods, based on individual functions, specified using pre- and post-conditions. We begin by defining a basic module matching technique, based on matching the individual units within a module. We consider variations of this technique that take into account two important features of modules: the visibility of module entities; and the use of state invariants. An advanced technique, based on data refinement and the use of coupling invariants, is also described.
Aerodrome Taxiway Line Detection and Cross-Track Error Estimation using Computer Vision Techniques (2020)

This paper describes a computer vision-based method to detect aerodrome taxiway lines and to estimate the deviation of a large passenger aircraft from the taxiway centerline using an onboard camera located on the vertical stabilizer of the aircraft. This method could be applied as part of a larger system to increase the situation awareness of pilots during taxiing and to alert them if the aircraft deviates from the centerline. The proposed method takes advantage of color and edge information in the camera images and proposes a Sliding Window (SW) method and clustering techniques to detect and process taxiways markings. First, the input image is transformed to a top-down view by applying the Homographic Transform. Then, color and edge detection techniques are applied to the top-down view to generate a binary map of pixels belonging to taxiway lines. Then, the region of the image directly in front of the aircraft is processed to determine whether the aircraft is turning or moving in a straight line. If it is determined that the aircraft is turning, the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) clustering technique is applied to the binary map; otherwise, a SW method is used to detect the taxiway centerline ahead of the aircraft and to detect any taxiway branches or junctions. Finally, the aircraft's lateral deviation from the taxiway centerline is estimated using a template matching approach. Tests on simulated video sequences show that the SW technique achieves a detection rate of 80% and a false positive rate of 3%. On the other hand, the clustering technique achieves a detection rate of 76% and a false positive rate of 4%. The aircraft's deviation from the taxiway centerline is estimated with a mean error of 0.8 pixels and a worst case error of ±3 pixels.
Antenna Subset Modulation for secure millimeter-wave wireless communication (2013)

This paper exploits the potential of large antenna arrays at millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) frequencies to develop a low-complexity directional modulation technique, Antenna Subset Modulation (ASM), for point-to-point secure wireless communication. The main idea in ASM is to modulate the radiation pattern at the symbol rate by driving only a subset of antennas in the array. This results in a directional radiation pattern that projects a sharply defined constellation in the desired direction and randomizes the constellation in other directions. To implement ASM, a simple antenna selection technique that selects an antenna subset randomly for every symbol is proposed. While randomly switching antenna subsets does not affect the symbol modulation for a desired receiver along the main direction, it effectively randomizes the amplitude and phase of the received symbol for an eavesdropper along a sidelobe. Statistical analysis and numerical examples are presented to highlight the superior performance and secrecy capacity achieved by ASM.
Physical and chemical stability of paclitaxel infusions in different container types (2006)

Paclitaxel stability was influenced by storage temperature, with longer shelf-life at 2-8 degrees C, and also by drug concentration, where 0.3 mg/mL infusions were more stable than 1.2 mg/mL for all diluent/container combinations. Physical stability (precipitation) was the limiting parameter in each case.
The effects of a Ca2+ chelator and heavy-metal-ion chelators upon Ca2+ oscillations and activation at fertilization in mouse eggs suggest a role for repetitive Ca2+ increases (1998)

During fertilization in mouse eggs, the sperm triggers a series of intracellular Ca2+ oscillations that lead to egg activation, as indicated by pronuclear formation. We show that Ca2+ oscillations in fertilized mouse eggs can be inhibited by addition of either the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis-(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetra-acetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM) or the heavy-metal-ion chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) plus dithiothreitol (DTT). Both treatments inhibited Ca2+ oscillations, but they had different effects upon egg activation. Blocking Ca2+ oscillations with BAPTA-AM after the occurrence of just two Ca2+ spikes resulted in most eggs forming pronuclei. However, we found that BAPTA-AM-treated fertilizing eggs showed a decreased rate of protein synthesis, which by itself can promote egg activation. In contrast, blocking Ca2+ oscillations with TPEN plus DTT was accompanied by the inhibition of egg activation with no significant effect on protein synthesis. In eggs that were fertilized and then treated with TPEN plus DTT, there was a correlation between the number of Ca2+ spikes and the proportion of eggs that formed pronuclei, as well as between the number of Ca2+ spikes and the time taken for pronuclear formation and the first mitosis to occur. The addition of TPEN plus DTT did not block the generation of Ca2+ spikes or pronuclear formation when eggs were artificially stimulated by electroporation pulses. These data suggest that TPEN plus DTT inhibits pronuclear formation in fertilizing eggs via the inhibition of Ca2+ oscillations and that the number of Ca2+ spikes may regulate egg activation.
[The effect on the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells by lupane acetate of cortex periplocae]. (2006)

CPLA may induce the differentiation and maturation of DC, up-regulate cytokines production and increase the immune activity of DC.
The Collection of Radar-Meteorological Data (1948)

The principles of radar-meteorology have been described by Lieutenant Satow in his paper. This note contributed by the Technical Secretary suggests a system for the collection of data from which a statistical evaluation of one aspect of the subject may be made. Bound copies of this paper with 25 log sheets may be obtained on application to the Institute, price 1 s . 6 d .—Editor.
Soberanía y poder popular en Latinoamérica. Un escenario multidimensional de poder: agentes y constituyentes (2020)

Con el impulso secularizador de la modernidad, el Estado-Príncipe condensa una sacralización de los principios políticos y constituye el sentido del orden como instancia metafísica materializada. En América Latina, estos elementos culturales cristalizaron la conformación de los Estados-Nación apelando a la idea de comunidad antecedente y depositando en las clases directoras la misión civilizadora. La consolidación de la sociedad red, las transformaciones del capitalismo y el cuestionamiento a las estructuras de ejercicio jerárquico de la autoridad, son 3 ejes que a partir de los años sesenta reconfiguran las condiciones de lo político en el sistema-mundo. Un segundo impulso secularizador de la política socava las estructuras del pacto de la modernidad. El Estado se diluye en la dinámica de las redes de poder y contrapoder, abriendo una potencialización de lo civil, donde los límites privado/público se desdibujan. Este trabajo se propone atender las mutaciones políticas actuales, enfocando América Latina como zona de explotación y de débil consolidación democrática. El Estado, si bien es protagonista en distintos procesos, representa un nodo más en el escenario político. Dentro del nuevo ciclo de luchas, aparecen diversos actores, agentes y movimientos que disputan el control de la hegemonía o abren espacios de resignificación de la política, construyendo ensayos de sincronización de distintos tiempos sociales, y abriendo posibles escenarios de constituyentes populares. Estos elementos se recogen a través de registros en actividades de colectivos, asambleas ciudadanas y articulaciones multisectoriales en el norte Argentino en torno a la problemática socio-ambiental.
Distance education in library and information science: a long road traveled (2002)

A special section on distance education in library and information science is provided. Articles discuss student perceptions of academic motivation, interactive participation, and pedagogical and structural factors in Web-based distance learning; the experiences and opinions of recent graduates of the University of South Carolina's Master of Library and Information Science program; a student-centered investigation of the distance learning experience; effective teacher behaviors and Michael Moore's theory of Transactional Distance; the resident and distance learning experience of students enrolled in a library and information science graduate program; and the range of distance education modes used in American Library Association accredited programs in the U.S. and Canada.
An Eccentric Approach for Paraphrase Detection Using Semantic Matching and Support Vector Machine (2014)

Paraphrase is the process of writing a sentence in another form. It relates to computing the similarity between sentences which are not lexicographically similar. This paper proposed an efficient method to estimate paraphrase. Specifically this paper defines various word co-occurrence in the sentence measured and its synonyms are also identified using web. By using the algorithm, similarity has been measured. This research focuses on evaluating the paraphrase between the sentences. In this paper, an approach for detecting paraphrase is tested by counting tokens. It processes token matching with the help of synonym of tokens, and produces the result with SVM classifier using Plagiarism detection corpus (PAN). Thus the SVM produces the output as +1 if the given text is paraphrased, -- 1 if the given text is not paraphrased. This approach may also be used to identify Plagiarism of documents and to eliminate duplicates in a text repository.
High performance Cu interconnects capped with full-coverage ALD TaNx layer for Cu/low-k (k∼2.5) metallization (2004)

Performance of Cu dual damascene interconnects with a full coverage ALD TaNx cap layer coating on the top surface of Cu line has been investigated. With deposition process that generates different ALD TaNx film properties on Cu and low-k dielectrics, 100% yield of line-to-line leakage can be achieved. ALD TaNx cap layer can improve electromigration lifetime by more than 3 times due to improvement of the interface between Cu and cap layer which actually suppress the Cu surface migration without degradation of stress migration performance. This work demonstrates that ALD TaNx cap layer can be successfully integrated with Cu/low-k (k/spl sim/2.5) metallization with potential5% reduction in RC delay as compared to conventional cap layer.
Operation of an electroporation device for mash (2009)

In the course of the production of red wine the electroporation of mash enables a fast extraction of the red pigments from the skin without remarkable heating of the mash. For white wine the formation of pores in the cells fosters among others the extraction of flavouring substances. To demonstrate and further investigate these advantages the mobile electroporation device KEA-WEIN has been built. During the harvest in 2008 the electroporation device KEA-WEIN has been operated successfully in two wineries. All together more than 5 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> of mash has been treated. The electroporation device KEA-WEIN is equipped with a 6-stage Marx-generator operating at a repetition rate of up to 20 Hz. For the pulse application the mash is pumped through an electroporation reactor with a homogeneous field distribution. It was the aim of this year's experiments to gain some experience in the operation of the electroporation device on-site in a winery. To facilitate the evaluation of the experimental results, the electroporation device has been equipped with different sensors and measurement systems, e.g. for the power drawn from the grid, the temperature of the mash before and after the electroporation, and the throughput. A computer interface enables a continuous data logging. The paper presents and discusses the measurement results and experience gained during operation.
Mechanism for the abnormal liver scan in acute alcoholic liver injury. (1984)

The mechanism of liver scan abnormality was investigated in patients with acute alcoholic liver injury evaluated shortly after admission (18 patients) with repeat examination 1 month later (14 patients). Indocyanine green (ICG) and Tc99 sulfur colloid extraction ratios (ERICG and ERSC), elimination rate constants (KICG and KSC), total body clearance (TBCICG and TBCSC), and hepatic clearance of sulfur colloid (HCSC) were determined from sequential blood samples obtained at the time of hepatic vein catheterization after the intravenous injection of ICG and Tc99 sulfur colloid. Liver size and sulfur colloid redistribution expressed as a scan score (SS) and redistribution ratio (RR) were assessed from an external scan immediately after the procedure. Improvement in hepatic tests and function was noted between the first and second study. At both the first and second study, the SS (or RR) correlated with the hepatic removal of sulfur colloid (ERSC; r = -0.59; p less than 0.001; HCSC: r = -0.56; p = 0.003) and ICG (ERICG: r = -0.85; p less than 0.001; KICG: r = -0.83; p less than 0.001). ERSC correlated with ERICG (r = 0.76; p less than 0.007) and both correlated with SS and RR consistent with intrahepatic shunting as the mechanism of decreased hepatic clearance and of sulfur colloid redistribution. However, the systemic clearance of sulfur colloid (KSC) did not correlate with redistribution (SS: r = -0.25; NS) at either study period or to ICG clearance (r = 0.23; p = NS) in the first period. The KSC/KICG ratio in both study periods correlated with serum bilirubin (r = 0.83; p less than 0.001 and r = 0.73; p less than 0.001), but was significantly higher in the first period (3.37 +/- 2.37 versus 2.00 +/- 0.75; p less than 0.01). This lack of correlation between intrahepatic shunting and systemic clearance of sulfur colloid is consistent with an increase in the nonhepatic clearance of sulfur colloid in patients with alcoholic liver injury and deep jaundice. A decrease in liver size between the first and second study correlated inversely with change in portal pressure (r = -0.67; p = 0.004) and SS (r = -0.49; p = 0.038) and directly with change in KICG (r = 0.48; p = 0.04). By virtue of these relationships, redistribution of Tc99 sulfur colloid by liver scan may have prognostic significance in patients with alcoholic liver disease.