gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the complete 200K polyprotein encoded by cowpea mosaic virus B-RNA in insect cells (1992)

The coding sequence for the entire 200K polyprotein of cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) B-RNA was expressed in insect cells by using baculovirus expression vectors. The 200K polyprotein, which harbours all virus functions required for RNA replication, is completely cleaved into 170K and 32K products by the 24K protease activity contained within the polyprotein. Further processing of the 170K protein into CPMV-specific products of 60K, 84K, 87K, 110K and 112K occurred to a limited extent, similar to that observed in cowpea cells. Electron microscopy of insect cells in which the 200K protein was produced revealed the presence of membranous vesicles and electron-dense structures which were not seen in cells infected with wild-type baculovirus. Similar cytopathic structures develop in the cytoplasm of CPMV-infected cowpea cells and are thought to be the site of membrane-bound viral RNA replication. The electron-dense structures in insect cells could be preferentially labelled with several CPMV-specific antisera and Protein A-gold. Since electron-dense structures were not observed in cells in which the 170K protein only was produced, it seems that the 32K protein has a role in keeping the B-RNA-encoded proteins in these structures together. Membranous vesicles were also observed in insect cells in which the 60K protein only was produced. Use of specific antibodies and Protein A-gold showed that the 60K protein is associated with these vesicles, indicating that the 60K protein may induce the formation of vesicles. Although proteolytic processing of the 200K polyprotein and the induction of cytopathic structures indicate that the CPMV proteins produced in insect cells are functional, it has not been possible to demonstrate RNA polymerase activity in extracts of these cells using an oligo(U)-primed assay. The results indicate that in the assay an additional component is lacking and/or that the CPMV polymerase is not able to start RNA synthesis on an exogenous template.
Protease production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (1983)

The temporal appearance of extracellular proteases produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was analyzed by pH 9 and pH 4 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE. Ammonium sulfate precipitates of culture supernatants from various stages of growth revealed a time-dependent increase in number and amount of proteolytically active proteins. One mucoid P. aeruginosa clinical isolate and its derived nonmucoid variant, as well as two other nonmucoid variant P. aeruginosa strains (all from cystic fibrosis patients), showed similar production of five differently migrating proteases (P1 to P5, numbered according to increasing net negative charge) in pH 9 PAGE and one protease in pH 4 PAGE. P2, P3, and P5 increased to maximum concentrations at 24 to 48 h, decreasing thereafter, whereas P4 continued increasing even at 83 h, and P1 fluctuated. P3 was identified as an elastase. P2 was possibly composed of polypeptide chains bridged by disulfide bonds, since without reduction it migrated in sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE as a single protein, and with reduction it migrated as three protein bands. Two-dimensional PAGE revealed multiple molecular weight species within protease-positive bands in pH 9 gel strips. Isoelectric focusing gave a pattern of protein separation that correlated with two-dimensional PAGE analysis. Thus, greater heterogeneity of active proteases than previously reported has been demonstrated in all P. aeruginosa clinical isolates studied by sensitive two-dimensional PAGE analysis.
Predictive control of robot velocity to avoid obstacles in dynamic environments (2004)

This paper introduces a methodology for avoiding obstacles by controlling the robot's velocity. Contemporary approaches to obstacle avoidance usually dictate a detour from the originally planned trajectory to its goal position. In our previous work, we presented a method for predicting the motion of obstacles, and how to make use of this prediction when planning the robot trajectory to its goal position. This is extended in the current paper by also using this prediction to decide if the robot should change its speed to avoid an obstacle more effectively. The robot can choose to move at three different speeds: slow, normal and fast. A hierarchical partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) controls the robot movement. The POMDP formulation is not altered to accommodate for the three different speeds, to avoid the increase of the size of the state space. Instead, a modified solution of POMDPs is used.
New Amorphous Alloys with Good Ductility in Al-Y-M and Al-La-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni or Cu) Systems (1988)

New aluminum-based amorphous alloys were found to be formed in Al-Y-M and Al-La-M (M=Fe, Co, Ni or Cu) ternary systems by melt spinning. Their compositional ranges are 3 to 33 at%M and 3 to 22 at%Y or 2 to 18 at%La. The alloys containing more than about 80 at%Al have good bend ductility. The crystallization temperature T x increases from 414 to 831 K with an increase of M and yttrium or lanthanum contents. The effect of the solute elements on T x is interpreted to be dominated by the attractive interaction between aluminum and M, yttrium or lanthanum atoms.
Sodium Metaphosphate in Laundering (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium Metaphosphate in LaunderingB. H. Gilmore, C. J. Munter, and E. R. BurnettCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 9, 1233–1237Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50369a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50369a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Removal of Palladium(II) from Aqueous and Organic Solutions by Polystyrene-bound Trimercaptotriazine (2000)

Abstract Polystyrene-bound 2,4,6-trimercapto-s-triazine was prepared from 2,4,6-trimercapto-s-triazine (TMT) and Merrifield resin in a single step. Treatment with polymer-bound TMT was highly effective for reducing the concentration of residual Pd(II) in aqueous and organic solutions.
A prospective randomized pilot study to evaluate predictors of response in serial core biopsies to single agent neoadjuvant doxorubicin or paclitaxel for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. (2003)

The selected regimen is efficacious. It is feasible to obtain serial core biopsies that are informative for studies of apoptosis and IHC. This clinical design can serve as a model for combining standard chemotherapy and novel agents.
Task and motion planning for selective weed conrol using a team of autonomous vehicles (2014)

Conventional agricultural fields are sprayed uniformly to control weeds, insects, and diseases. To reduce cultivation expenses, to produce healthier food and to create more environmentally friendly farms, chemicals should only be applied to the right place at the right time and exactly with the right amount. In this article, a task and motion planning for a team of autonomous vehicles to reduce chemicals in farming is presented. Field data are collected by small unmanned helicopters equipped with a range of sensors, including multispectral and thermal cameras. Data collected are transmitted to a ground station to be analyzed and triggers aerial and ground-based vehicles to start close inspection and/or plant/weed treatment in specified areas. A complete trajectory is generated to enable ground-based vehicle to visit infested areas and start chemical/mechanical weed treatment.
Los valores constitutivos de los Derechos Humanos en Colombia: Una propuesta de formación para la vida (2014)

Resumen En el desarrollo de este marco teorico se analizaran los valores constitutivos de los derechos humanos, es decir la libertad, dignidad, igualdad. Estos se convierten en un referente a la hora de exigir los derechos porque los ciudadanos pueden incoarlos como valor, principio o derecho y tendran la misma proteccion y eficacia constitucional; asi lo ha manifestado la jurisprudencia de la Corte desde sus inicios, ya que ha destacado la estrecha relacion entre los tres valores mencionados. Tambien se analizara la incorporacion de la reciente e inagotada discusion acerca del valor de la identidad. Se realizara entonces una definicion de cada uno, para posteriormente plantear de donde provendria su importancia para representar el pilar de los derechos humanos, y por tanto ser considerados fundamentales a la hora de realizar un proceso de formacion en derechos humanos en Colombia. Palabras clave: Valores, Derechos Humanos, Visibilidad, Interdependencia, Desarrollo. Abstract In developing this framework the founding values of human rights will be discussed, ie freedom, dignity, equality. These become a reference point in demanding the rights that citizens can incoarlos as value, principle or law and have the same constitutional protection and efficiency; as stated by the jurisprudence of the Court since its inception, and has highlighted the close relationship between these three values. The incorporation of the recent e inagotada discussion about the value of identity will also be analyzed. A definition of each, then ask where to come from its importance to represent the pillar of human rights, and therefore be considered essential when performing a training process on human rights in Colombia was then performed. Keywords: Values, Human Rights, Visibility, Interdependence, Development. Como
The BOOM project: a new generation of photonic routing subsystems using hybrid integration on silicon-on-insulator waveguide boards (2010)

The European BOOM project aims at the realization of high-capacity photonic routers using the silicon material as the base for functional and cost-effective integration. Here we present the design, fabrication and testing of the first BOOMgeneration of hybrid integrated silicon photonic devices that implement key photonic routing functionalities. Ultra-fast all-optical wavelength converters and micro-ring resonator UDWDM label photodetectors are realized using either 4um SOI rib or SOI nanowire boards. For the realization of these devices, flip-chip compatible non-linear SOAs and evanescent PIN detectors have been designed and fabricated. These active components are integrated on the SOI boards using high precision flip-chip mounting and heterogeneous InP-to-silicon integration techniques. This type of scalable and cost-effective silicon-based component fabrication opens up the possibility for the realization of chip-scale, power efficient, Tb/s capacity photonic routers.
Current research trends in systems biology (2008)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsDo Han Kim*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +82–62–970–2485; Fax: +82–62–970–3411 E‐mail: dhkim@gist.ac.kr
On the Quantum Correction For Thermodynamic Equilibrium (1932)

The probability of a configuration is given in classical theory by the Boltzmann formula $\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}\frac{V}{\mathrm{hT}}]$ where $V$ is the potential energy of this configuration. For high temperatures this of course also holds in quantum theory. For lower temperatures, however, a correction term has to be introduced, which can be developed into a power series of $h$. The formula is developed for this correction by means of a probability function and the result discussed.
Staging Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: A Scientific Statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association (2015)

Insights from prospective, longitudinal studies of individuals at risk for developing type 1 diabetes have demonstrated that the disease is a continuum that progresses sequentially at variable but predictable rates through distinct identifiable stages prior to the onset of symptoms. Stage 1 is defined as the presence of β-cell autoimmunity as evidenced by the presence of two or more islet autoantibodies with normoglycemia and is presymptomatic, stage 2 as the presence of β-cell autoimmunity with dysglycemia and is presymptomatic, and stage 3 as onset of symptomatic disease. Adoption of this staging classification provides a standardized taxonomy for type 1 diabetes and will aid the development of therapies and the design of clinical trials to prevent symptomatic disease, promote precision medicine, and provide a framework for an optimized benefit/risk ratio that will impact regulatory approval, reimbursement, and adoption of interventions in the early stages of type 1 diabetes to prevent symptomatic disease.
A differential built-in current sensor design for high-speed IDDQ testing (1997)

A new built-in current sensor design for IDDQ testing is presented in this paper. Our design overcomes performance limitations encountered by previous sensors by using a novel differential architecture which allows early and accurate detection of abnormal quiescent current following the switching transient. This differential design also naturally compensates for inaccuracies due to any build up of leakage currents and subthreshold conduction effects when relatively large circuit partitions are tested. A test circuit utilizing the sensor in a built-in self-test environment has been fabricated. At clock speeds of up to 31.25 MHz the sensor accurately detects all six of the defects that were implanted in the test chip. SPICE3 simulations of the circuit indicate that with careful design, this sensor can accurately detect faults at operational speeds in a variety of situations.
The role of microbial signals in plant growth and development (2009)

Plant growth and development involves a tight coordination of the spatial and temporal organization of cell division, cell expansion and cell differentiation. Orchestration of these events requires the exchange of signaling molecules between the root and shoot, which can be affected by both biotic and abiotic factors. The interactions that occur between plants and their associated microorganisms have long been of interest, as knowledge of these processes could lead to the development of novel agricultural applications. Plants produce a wide range of organic compounds including sugars, organic acids and vitamins, which can be used as nutrients or signals by microbial populations. On the other hand, microorganisms release phytohormones, small molecules or volatile compounds, which may act directly or indirectly to activate plant immunity or regulate plant growth and morphogenesis. In this review, we focus on recent developments in the identification of signals from free-living bacteria and fungi that interact with plants in a beneficial way. Evidence has accumulated indicating that classic plant signals such as auxins and cytokinins can be produced by microorganisms to efficiently colonize the root and modulate root system architecture. Other classes of signals, including N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones, which are used by bacteria for cell-to-cell communication, can be perceived by plants to modulate gene expression, metabolism and growth. Finally, we discuss the role played by volatile organic compounds released by certain plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in plant immunity and developmental processes. The picture that emerges is one in which plants and microbes communicate themselves through transkingdom signaling systems involving classic and novel signals.
The Mouse Homologue of the Human Transcription Factor C1 (Host Cell Factor) (1997)

The assembly of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) alpha/IE gene enhancer complex is determined by the interactions of the Oct-1 POU domain protein, the viral alphaTIF (alpha-trans-induction factor, VP16, ICP25, VMW65), and the C1 factor (host cell factor, HCF). A unique transcription factor, C1 consists of a family of polypeptides derived from a common precursor by site-specific proteolytic processing. To analyze the role of this factor in the determination of HSV lytic-latent infection, cDNAs and genomic DNAs encoding the mouse homologue have been isolated. This factor is nearly identical to the human protein, contains multiple consensus proteolytic processing sites, and functions efficiently in the assembly of a specific HSV enhancer complex. Interestingly, the differential expression of the C1 factors in both human and mouse tissues may be important for the determination of HSV tissue tropism in these two organisms.
Analytical Methods in Toxicology (1991)

Inorganic and Other Analysis Mycotoxin Analysis Pesticide Analysis Rodenticide Analysis Analysis of Antibiotics, Drugs, Vitamins, and Feed Additives Miscellaneous Analyses Appendices Index.
Surface modification of hollow glass microsphere with different coupling agents for potential applications in phenolic syntactic foams (2016)

ABSTRACT Modified hollow glass microsphere (HGM) particles have been prepared by surface treatment. Coupling agents such as γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), di(dioctylpyrophosphato) ethylene titanate (NDZ‐311), and glutaraldehyde (GA) were used as modifiers to improve the hydrophobicity of HGM. Compared with pristine HGM, the modified HGM, especially the particles coupled with APTES‐GA, show better properties on flexural strength, fracture toughness, and dynamic mechanical properties of phenolic syntactic foams. It is revealed that the coupling agent coating layer grafted onto the surface of HGM reduces the polarity of particles, avoiding agglomeration of HGM in phenolic matrix and exhibiting good interfacial interaction between HGM and phenolic matrix. The remarkable improvement of interfacial adhesion between APTES‐GA modified HGM and phenolic matrix is mainly due to the covalent linkage with phenolic resin while the physical entanglement of molecular chains dominates the linkage between other modified HGM and phenolic matrix. APTES‐GA treatment is a more appropriate surface modification method for inorganic particle reinforced phenolic matrix composites. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 44415.
Femtosecond diode-pumped Nd:glass laser with more than 1??W of average output power (1998)

We have demonstrated 175-fs pulses with 1 W and 300-fs pulses with 1.2 W of average output power at a pulse repetition rate of 117 MHz from a Nd:phosphate (Schott LG 760) glass laser pumped by a 1-cm-wide, 20-W diode laser bar. Stable soliton mode locking was achieved by use of an intracavity semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. We obtained more than 2 W of average power without mode locking. Using cylindrical cavity mirrors, we adapted the laser mode inside the Nd:glass to the highly elliptical pump beam in both dimensions (tangential and sagittal axes) while maintaining a nearly ideal circular TEM(00) output beam with M(2) approximately 1.2 . Overpumping the laser mode in the tangential plane and efficient unidirectional heat removal in the sagittal plane using a 0.8-mm thin Nd:glass also contributed to the good output-beam quality.
Calendar Year 2013 Annual Site Environmental Report for Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico (2014)

Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico is a government-owned/contractor-operated facility. Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, manages and operates the laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). The DOE/NNSA, Sandia Field Office administers the contract and oversees contractor operations at the site. This annual report summarizes data and the compliance status of Sandia Corporation’s sustainability, environmental protection, and monitoring programs through December 31, 2013. Major environmental programs include air quality, water quality, groundwater protection, terrestrial surveillance, waste management, pollution prevention, environmental restoration, oil and chemical spill prevention, and implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act. Environmental monitoring and surveillance programs are required by DOE Order 231.1B, Environment, Safety, and Health Reporting (DOE 2012).
Single-protein spin resonance spectroscopy under ambient conditions (2015)

Magnetic resonance is essential in revealing the structure and dynamics of biomolecules. However, measuring the magnetic resonance spectrum of single biomolecules has remained an elusive goal. We demonstrate the detection of the electron spin resonance signal from a single spin-labeled protein under ambient conditions. As a sensor, we use a single nitrogen vacancy center in bulk diamond in close proximity to the protein. We measure the orientation of the spin label at the protein and detect the impact of protein motion on the spin label dynamics. In addition, we coherently drive the spin at the protein, which is a prerequisite for studies involving polarization of nuclear spins of the protein or detailed structure analysis of the protein itself.
A Study of Excitation Mechanisms and Resonances Inducing Bottomhole-Assembly Vibrations (1988)

Summary This paper presents a study of important excitation mechanisms and resonances that cause bottomhole assembly (BHA) vibrations during drilling operations. The study is based on dynamic vibration data gathered in a test well with our Advanced Drillstring Analysis and Measurement System (ADAMS) surface measurement system. The data were gathered while three different BHA's were used to drill portions of this well to 800 ft [244 m]. A case study for a large-diameter hole in an actual field well is also presented. The data showed many velocity-dependent excitation mechanisms, including 1×ω, 2×ω, 3×ω, a drillstring walk mechanism, and drillstring whipping mechanisms that were dependent on the drillstring and hole geometries. The data also show important resonances that may be excited, including resonances with strong local contributions, and axial and torsional resonances. When the excitation mechanisms match these resonances, damaging vibrations can be induced. This study identifies the presence of more fundamental excitation mechanisms than the l×ω and 3×ω mechanisms. These should be used in models that predict drillstring and BHA vibrations. The study also shows important resonances that should be considered when BHA vibrations are predicted.
Adhesion Prevention in Gynecologic Surgery (2004)

After completion of this article, the reader should be able to list the causes of small bowel obstruction, to describe the commercially available adhesion-reducing substances, and to compare the efficacy of the various adhesion-reducing substances.