gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication, sealing and high pressure testing of tubular La2NiO4+δ membranes for air separation (2012)

Recent results achieved on fabrication of La2NiO4+δ membranes, sealing technology and performance in pressurized conditions are presented. Porous tubular membrane supports of up to 1 m length are prepared by ceramic extrusion. Asymmetric La2NiO4+δ membranes are prepared by coating dense selective layers of 10-15 μm thickness onto the porous supports. Glass ceramic seals in the system Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 are currently being evaluated for joining the membranes with high temperature steel alloys coated with a corrosion resistance protective layer. By adjusting the composition of the glass system the thermal expansion coefficient is tailored to match that of the membrane and steel material. Good seal adherences towards these materials are obtained. Long term oxygen flux measurements (>4000 hours continuous operation) performed on symmetric (dense) La2NiO4+δ membranes are conducted under various conditions (atmosphere, temperature, pressure). The oxygen flux dependency on the oxygen partial pressure (pO2) is investigated by increasing the feed pressure and oxygen content. An asymptotic flux behavior is observed with increasing pO2. It is seen a significant increase in the flux (by a factor of 6) when increasing the feed pO2 from 0.8 to 2.4 bars while a less significant pO2 dependency is observed with further increase.
Crohn’s Disease-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Sensitizes for Severe Acute Hepatitis B Infection and Liver Failure (2006)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) commonly is associated with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) and usually is considered to be stable and benign. However, NAFLD -- and in particular its subset, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) -- may lead to progressive liver disease. Moreover, NAFLD sensitizes the liver to injury and increases the risk of developing acute-on-chronic liver failure following a "third hit". We here present one patient with NASH, as probably induced by long-standing Crohn's disease in the absence of ethanol consumption or abuse. The patient acquired an acute HBV infection and died from complications. As based on the clinical and histological findings, Crohn's disease appears to be a risk factor for developing NAFLD and thus to contribute to the progression into NASH. In conclusion, we suggest that Crohn's disease-related NAFLD may increase the vulnerability of the liver, which indicates that patients with a known history of CIBD merit special attention.
Distinct subpopulations of enteric neuronal progenitors defined by time of development, sympathoadrenal lineage markers and <i>Mash-1</i>-dependence (1996)

Enteric and sympathetic neurons have previously been proposed to be lineally related. We present independent lines of evidence that suggest that enteric neurons arise from at least two lineages, only one of which expresses markers in common with sympathoadrenal cells. In the rat, sympathoadrenal markers are expressed, in the same order as in sympathetic neurons, by a subset of enteric neuronal precursors, which also transiently express tyrosine hydroxylase. If this precursor pool is eliminated in vitro by complement-mediated lysis, enteric neurons continue to develop; however, none of these are serotonergic. In the mouse, the Mash-1-/- mutation, which eliminates sympathetic neurons, also prevents the development of enteric serotonergic neurons. Other enteric neuronal populations, however, including those that contain calcitonin gene related peptide are present. Enteric tyrosine hydroxylase-containing cells co-express Mash-1 and are eliminated by the Mash-1-/- mutation, consistent with the idea that in the mouse, as in the rat, these precursors generate serotonergic neurons. Serotonergic neurons are generated early in development, while calcitonin gene related peptide-containing enteric neurons are generated much later. These data suggest that enteric neurons are derived from at least two progenitor lineages. One transiently expresses sympathoadrenal markers, is Mash-1-dependent, and generates early-born enteric neurons, some of which are serotonergic. The other is Mash-1-independent, does not express sympathoadrenal markers, and generates late-born enteric neurons, some of which contain calcitonin gene related peptide.
Immunization against GAD Induces Antibody Binding to GAD-Independent Antigens and Brainstem GABAergic Neuronal Loss (2013)

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a highly-disabling neurological disorder of the CNS characterized by progressive muscular rigidity and spasms. In approximately 60-80% of patients there are autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the enzyme that synthesizes gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS. Although GAD is intracellular, it is thought that autoimmunity to GAD65 may play a role in the development of SPS. To test this hypothesis, we immunized mice, that expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the GAD65 promoter, with either GAD65 (n = 13) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (n = 13). Immunization with GAD65 resulted in autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated GAD, bound to CNS tissue in a highly characteristic pattern, and surprisingly bound not only to GAD intracellularly but also to the surface of cerebellar neurons in culture. Moreover, immunization resulted in immunoglobulin diffusion into the brainstem, and a partial loss of GAD-EGFP expressing cells in the brainstem. Although immunization with GAD65 did not produce any behavioral abnormality in the mice, the induction of neuronal-surface antibodies and the trend towards loss of GABAergic neurons in the brainstem, supports a role for humoral autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of SPS and suggests that the mechanisms may involve spread to antigens expressed on the surface of these neurons.
A Morphometric Study of Light-Induced Damage in Transgenic Rat Models of Retinitis Pigmentosa (2003)

A complex pattern of light-induced damage outcomes was identified in S334ter (sublines 4 and 9) and P23H (sublines 2 and 3) rats. The relative susceptibilities of each subline to damage by light were different, even within the same transgene, but consistent factors included a sensitive region in the superior hemisphere and potentiation by dark-rearing.
Long-term data for BTI degradation in 32nm IBM microprocessor using HKMG technology (2015)

This paper describes the measured long-term BTI field data from IBM zEnterprise EC12 systems in 32nm High-k/Metal Gate (HKMG) technology using a built-in monitor which is capable of separating the PBTI and the NBTI effects. The BTI monitor is accompanied by a digital thermal sensor in close proximity to correlate the BTI degradation with temperature. Comparable PBTI and NBTI degradation in use condition were observed. Compared with previous z196 microprocessor with 45nm SiON CMOS technology, the new 32nm zEC12 showed more than 2X less BTI degradation. This is attributed to HKMG technology optimization and lower chip voltages.
Advances in the genetics and molecular biology of colorectal tumors (1994)

Fascinating progress has been made in the past 2 years in our understanding of the genetic alterations associated with colorectal cancer predisposition and development. First, the genotype-phenotype relationship of the cancer susceptibility syndrome associated with familial adenomatous polyposis has been shown to depend on mutation type. Second, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndromes have been recognized as being frequently associated with a defect in the DNA mismatch-repair pathway. A gene on chromosome 2 called hMSH2, which demonstrates homology with the bacterial repair gene MutS, has been shown to be altered in some families with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. A defect on chromosome 3 may act by impairing the same pathway. Genotyping of particular loci, termed microsatellite, provides an easy identification of tumors deficient in mismatch repair. Third, the mechanisms by which the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes such as p53 and APC may contribute to the tumorigenic process have begun to be elucidated. These different discoveries will have important impacts in the prevention and management of colorectal carcinoma, one of the most frequent human cancers.
Production and Evaluation of Pea Protein Isolate (1981)

ABSTRACT Laboratory and pilot plant processes were developed for producing pea protein isolate from field peas. Sodium proteinate and isoelectric products containing up to 90% protein were obtained by alkaline extraction and precipitation at the isoelectric point. Drying was carried out by freeze, spray and drum processes. Chemical analysis, functional properties, color and flavor of the dried isolates compared favorably with their soy counterparts. Generally, the sodium proteinates exhibited more functionality than isoelectric isolates. Drum drying decreased the nitrogen solubility index and increased water absorption. Freeze‐ and spray‐drying resulted in isolates with the highest emulsification and water absorption values. Spray drying produced the best foaming, color and flavor properties.
Ionophoric Activity of Pluronic Block Copolymers (2004)

Pluronic block copolymers (triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide)) exhibit a chemosensitizing effect on multidrug resistant cell lines. Changes in membrane permeability are hypothesized to be responsible because inhibition of drug transport mediated by both the multidrug-resistance-associated protein and the P-glycoprotein drug efflux system has been observed. To test this hypothesis, we now have studied the ion conductivity mediated by Pluronic L61. Besides a detergent-like action, the copolymer was able to form regular channels and to exhibit carrier activity. Long living ion channels were formed by polymer oligomerization. Aggregate equilibrium was shifted toward L61 monomers and dimers, which operated as mobile carriers. Copolymer-induced membrane permeability for potassium ions (1 M KCl) was less than 10(-8) cm s(-1), whereas the permeability for uncharged doxorubicin molecules (1 mM) was equal to 5 x 10(-4) cm s(-1). The results are consistent with reports about an increased doxorubicin accumulation in cells (Venne, Li, S., Mandeville, R., Kabanov, A., and Alakhov, V. Y. (1996) Cancer Res. 56, 3626-3629). However, the increased permeability contrasts with the polymer-mediated decrease of drug efflux from cells. Preferential polymer binding to membrane proteins may mask the unspecific effect of L61 observed on lipid bilayers.
Graph-based dynamic frequency reuse in Cloud-RAN (2014)

This work aims to apply a new dynamic frequency reuse scheme based on fractional frequency reuse (FFR) in Cloud-RAN structure. FFR is one of the most efficient schemes to mitigate the inter-cell interference in OFDM system, while strict FFR in traditional cellular system is still facing some problems such as the inefficient use of spectrum. Cloud-RAN is a new network structure comprised of baseband units (BBU) and remote radio heads (RRH), which has the ability to reduce the energy costs of network. We use a graph coloring method to allocate spectrum resource among different cell zones depending on different traffic demands as well as avoiding the inter-cell interference. With the application of our proposed scheme based on Cloud-RAN structure, we can not only improve the spectrum utilization, but also reduce the energy consumption through reducing the working number of BBUs. The simulation results show clearly that our new scheme in Cloud-RAN structure can achieve higher throughput and energy efficiency compared with the strict FFR in traditional cellular system.
Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on the uptake of fluoride from NaF and MFP by etched enamel in vitro. (1991)

Melsen and Rolla (1983) have previously shown that sodium lauryl sulfate may reduce the cariostatic effect of fluoride when present together with sodium monofluorophosphate during topical application. The aim of the present study was to examine the in vitro deposition of fluoride on etched enamel during topical application with sodium fluoride in combination with sodium lauryl sulfate. In addition, uptake by etched enamel of fluoride sodium monofluorophosphate in combination with sodium lauryl sulfate was examined. It was found that sodium lauryl sulfate decreased the amount of fluoride taken up by the enamel.
Neuartige Regelung eines Coriolis-Massedurchflussmessers (A Novel Control Algorithm for Coriolis Mass Flowmeters) (2004)

Abstract Coriolis-Massedurchflussmesser (CMD) zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Messgenauigkeit bei gleichzeitig kleiner Querempfindlichkeit gegenüber den Fluideigenschaften aus. Allerdings zeigt sich unter schwierigen Prozessbedingungen, insbesondere bei CMD mit einem einzigen geraden Messrohr, das Problem einer Änderung von Nullpunkt und Empfindlichkeit. In dieser Arbeit wird ein modellbasierter Ansatz zur On-line-Bestimmung dieser Kenngrößen des CMD vorgestellt. Er basiert auf der Kompensation sowohl der Corioliskräfte als auch der internen Kopplungen des CMD. Zur Realisierung des Kompensationsverfahrens wird eine neuartige Regelung, bestehend aus zwei kaskadierten Reglern, vorgestellt. Der äußere Regelkreis basiert auf einem Zeigerverfahren und einem optimalen Zustandsregler (LQ-Regler) für die Ausgangssignale des CMD. Der innere Kreis regelt die Phasendifferenz zwischen Ein- und Ausgangssignal des 1. Modes des Messrohres, indem die Antriebsfrequenz verstellt wird. Er gewährleistet den Betrieb des CMD in der Eigenfrequenz des 1. Modes.
Analysis of treatment in childhood leukemia. IV.The critical association between dose fractionation and immunosuppression induced by cranial irradiation (1978)

The degree of long term lymphopenia induced by cranial irradiation is shown to be dependent upon the number of fractions into which the standard cranial dose of 2400 rads is divided. The mean lymphocyte count of patients three months after receiving this dose in five fractions was 1.84 X 10(9)/1; in twelve fractions it was 1.12 X 10(9)/1 and in twenty fractions it was 0.64 X 10(9)/1. An explanation for this finding is offered which is based upon marked radiosensitivity of certain lymphocytes and the pattern of recirculation and redistribution of these cells.
Doc-mediated cell killing in<i>Shigella flexneri</i>using a C1/LacI controlled expression system (2002)

In this report we describe the development of a highly stringent and dually regulated promoter system for Shigella flexneri. Dual regulation was provided by utilizing a promoter susceptible to control by the bacteriophage P1 temperature-sensitive C1 repressor that in turn was under the transcriptional control of LacI. The level of induction/repression ratios observed was up to 3700-fold in S. flexneri. The general utility of this promoter system was evaluated by demonstrating that the bacteriophage P1 post-segregational killer protein Doc mediates a bactericidal effect in S. flexneri. This represents the first report of Doc (death on curing)-mediated killing in this Gram-negative species.
Lower Cretaceous spiders from the Sierra de Montsech, north-east Spain (1990)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Microstructure and property evolution of the 1538MV non-quenched and tempered steel for a crankshaft during the forging process (2018)

The microstructure, properties and precipitation of rolled bars and a crankshaft were studied with experiments and numerical simulations. Compared with the rolled bars, the microstructure of the crankshaft was coarsened, and the volume fraction of ferrite decreased because of the uneven strain, the metal flow and the fast cooling rate during the forging process. The main precipitation in ferrite involved V (C, N) particles, which became more dispersed after the forging. As a result, the strength of the crankshaft was higher than that of the rolled bars, while the plasticity was lower. The results provided some additional information about the quality improvement of rolled bars and the basis for optimizing the crankshaft-forging process.
Transforming growth factor-beta protection of cancer cells against tumor necrosis factor cytotoxicity is counteracted by hyaluronidase (review). (1998)

Numerous cancer cells, when exposed to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), become resistant to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of L929 fibroblasts, for example, with TGF-beta isoforms (beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3) for at least 0.5-1 h results in resistance to TNF killing. TGF-beta 1 mediates the following sequential events in L929 cells: i) rapid induction of protein tyrosine-phosphorylation (< 30 min), ii) stimulation of protective protein synthesis and acquisition of TNF resistance (approximately 0.5-1 h), and iii) suppression of I kappa B-alpha expression (1-2 h). Two protective proteins induced by TGF-beta 1 are a 46 kDa extracellular matrix TNF-resistance triggering (TRT) protein and a putative transmembrane anti-apoptotic adhesion protein TIF2 (containing and RGD motif in the extracellular region). Both proteins enable L929 cells to resist TNF killing. Notably, testicular hyaluronidase increases TNF sensitivity in several types of cancer cells, counteracts TGF-beta-mediated TNF-resistance, and suppresses TGF-beta 1 gene expression in L929 cells in a serum-dependent manner. Moreover, hyaluronidase antagonizes TGF-beta-mediated inhibition of epithelial cell growth. Both TGF-beta and hyaluronidase are essential for the progression and invasiveness of breast, prostate and other cancers. Conceivably, a stage-dependent expression, as well as a balanced production, of these proteins is essential for cancer development and self protection against TNF cytotoxicity.
Instrumental Gestural Mapping Strategies as Expressivity Determinants in Computer Music Performance (1997)

This paper presents ongoing work on gesture mapping strategies and applications to sound synthesis by signal models controlled via a standard MIDI wind controller. Our approach consists in considering different mapping strategies in order to achieve &quot;fine&quot; (therefore in the authors&apos; opinion, potentially expressive) control of additive synthesis by coupling originally independent outputs from the wind controller. These control signals are applied to nine different clarinet data files, obtained from analysis of clarinet sounds, which are arranged in an expressive timbral subspace and interpolated in real-time, using FTS 1.4, IRCAM&apos;s digital signal processing environment. An analysis of the resulting interpolation is also provided and topics related to sound morphing techniques are discussed.
The significance of cathepsins, thrombin and aminopeptidase in diffuse interstitial lung diseases (2005)

To determine the significance of proteases in interstitial lung diseases, we examined the activity of cathepsins, thrombin, and aminopeptidase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with these disorders. Significantly increased activities of cathepsin H and aminopeptidase were detected in BAL fluid from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Significantly higher activity of cathepsin B was found in BAL fluid from patients with CEP. The activity of thrombin was significantly higher in patients with IPF and CEP. In patients with IPF, there were significant correlations between neutrophil number and the activity of cathepsin B, cathepsin H or aminopeptidase. In patients with COP and HP, the activity of the proteases was significantly higher in patients with higher number of lymphocytes than in those with lower number of lymphocytes. The present study suggests that the activity of the proteases is a useful marker in activity of the interstitial lung diseases, and may have a role in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
The chip design game at the end of Moore's law (2013)

Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: Moore's Law; computer design; neighboring technologies; and chip designers algorithm.
Overexpression of RING Domain E3 Ligase ZmXerico1 Confers Drought Tolerance through Regulation of ABA Homeostasis (2017)

Drought stress is one of the main environmental problems encountered by crop growers. Reduction in arable land area and reduced water availability make it paramount to identify and develop strategies to allow crops to be more resilient in water-limiting environments. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in the plants' response to drought stress through its control of stomatal aperture and water transpiration, and transgenic modulation of ABA levels therefore represents an attractive avenue to improve the drought tolerance of crops. Several steps in the ABA-signaling pathway are controlled by ubiquitination involving really interesting new genes (RING) domain-containing proteins. We characterized the maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) RING protein family and identified two novel RING-H2 genes called <i>ZmXerico1</i> and <i>ZmXerico2</i> Expression of <i>ZmXerico</i> genes is induced by drought stress, and we show that overexpression of <i>ZmXerico1</i> and <i>ZmXerico2</i> in Arabidopsis and maize confers ABA hypersensitivity and improved water use efficiency, which can lead to enhanced maize yield performance in a controlled drought-stress environment. Overexpression of <i>ZmXerico1</i> and <i>ZmXerico2</i> in maize results in increased ABA levels and decreased levels of ABA degradation products diphaseic acid and phaseic acid. We show that ZmXerico1 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, where ABA 8'-hydroxylases have been shown to be localized, and that it functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We demonstrate that ZmXerico1 plays a role in the control of ABA homeostasis through regulation of ABA 8'-hydroxylase protein stability, representing a novel control point in the regulation of the ABA pathway.
The effect of the thermal prong—wire interaction on the response of a cold wire in gaseous flows (air, argon and helium) (1982)

This paper deals with the study of the response of a cold wire used as a thermal sensor in a turbulent flow for different types of probes and for several gases (air, argon and helium). It is now well known that in the case of air flows the transfer function of the probe shows a typical step at low frequencies, as pointed out by Perry, Smits & Chong (1979). In this plateau region the wire temperature may be influenced by the prong temperature through two different paths. The first is conduction between prong and wire, as already discussed by Maye (1970) using the ‘cold length’ l c , introduced by Betchov (1948). As suggested by Hojstrup, Rasmussen & Larsen (1975) the second is the result of the thermal boundary layer on the prong being very large at low velocities in gases of large thermal diffusivity; this region of influence (by the prong) extends over a length of the wire characterized by the thickness l b , of the thermal boundary layer on the prong. In this paper a simple analysis of the behaviour of the transfer function of cold wires taking these two effects into account is presented by introducing the parameter η = l b / l c . An experimental investigation of these phenomena has been undertaken using a procedure which allows temperature fluctuations to be produced over a larger range of frequencies than has been usually made up to now. Good agreement is obtained between experimental results and predictions using this analysis for several types of prong in different gaseous flows (air, argon and helium). An important step in the frequency response is found in the latter case because of the large thermal diffusivity of helium. Furthermore an example of the thermal prong–wire interaction is presented in the ease of intermittent temperature measurements.