gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[From gene to disease; SLC3A1, SLC7A9 and cystinuria]. (2003)

In total, 1-2% of adults and 6-8% of children suffering from kidney stones have cystinuria, a defect in the transport of amino acids, which leads to high concentrations of cystine in the urine. Two genes have been implicated, solute carrier family 3 (cystine, basic and) neutral amino acid transporter, member 1 (SLC3A1) coding for the protein related to the system bo,+ amino-acid transporter, and solute carrier family 7, member 9 (SLC7A9), coding for the protein bo,+AT. There are three clinically defined types of cystinuria. Type I (autosomal recessive) is characterised by mutations in the SLC3A1 gene; carriers have normal cystine levels in urine. In total 80% of non-type-I patients have a detectable mutation in the SLC7A9 gene. First-degree relatives of a patient with type 2 (dominant) or type 3 (incomplete recessive) cystinuria may have slightly elevated cystine levels in the urine. The early recognition and treatment of cystinuria is important because recurrent stone formation may lead to urinary tract infection and, eventually, renal failure.
Involvement of Gonadal Steroids and Gamma Interferon in Sex Differences in Response to Blood-Stage Malaria Infection (2006)

To examine the hormonal and immunological mechanisms that mediate sex differences in susceptibility to malaria infection, intact and gonadectomized (gdx) C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with Plasmodium chabaudi AS-infected erythrocytes, and the responses to infection were monitored. In addition to reduced mortality, intact females recovered from infection-induced weigh loss and anemia faster than intact males. Expression microarrays and real-time reverse transcription-PCR revealed that gonadally intact females exhibited higher expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-15Ralpha, IL-12Rbeta, Gadd45gamma, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), CCL3, CXCL10, CCR5, and several IFN-inducible genes in white blood cells and produced more IFN-gamma than did intact males and gdx females, with these differences being most pronounced during peak parasitemia. Intact females also had higher anti-P. chabaudi immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG1 responses than either intact males or gdx females. To further examine the effector mechanisms mediating sex differences in response to P. chabaudi infection, responses to infection were compared among male and female wild-type (WT), T-cell-deficient (TCRbetadelta-/-), B-cell-deficient (microMT), combined T- and B-cell-deficient (RAG1), and IFN-gamma knockout (IFN-gamma-/-) mice. Males were 3.5 times more likely to die from malaria infection than females, with these differences being most pronounced among TCRbetadelta-/-, microMT, and RAG1 mice. Male mice also exhibited more severe weight loss, anemia, and hypothermia, and higher peak parasitemia than females during infection, with WT, RAG1, TCRbetadelta-/-, and microMT mice exhibiting the most pronounced sexual dimorphism. The absence of IFN-gamma reduced the sex difference in mortality and was more detrimental to females than males. These data suggest that differential transcription and translation of IFN-gamma, that is influenced by estrogens, may mediate sex differences in response to malaria.
Design automation and testing of monolithic 3D ICs: opportunities, challenges, and solutions (2017)

Monolithic 3D ICs (M3D) are fabricated using a sequential process that grows new device and interconnect tiers in a bottom-up fashion. This fabrication process is in contrast to through-silicon via (TSV) technology that aligns and bonds pre-built tiers. M3D offers key advantages over TSVs, including (1) orders-of-magnitude smaller inter-tier vias, (2) no need for high alignment accuracy, (3) finer-grained tier partitioning options, etc. Recent studies have shown power, performance, area, and reliability (PPAR) advantages of M3D over TSV. However, M3D also suffers from its own problems, including (1) device and interconnect performance mismatch between tiers, (2) lack of EDA solutions, (3) testing challenges, (4) cost, etc. Research efforts have also been made to model and mitigate the impact of these undesirable characteristics of M3D. We will provide a survey of work that address the above issues and conclude with future directions.
Reactions of 1-nitrocyclohexene with N,N-binucleophiles (2010)

A modification of 1-nitrocyclohexene synthesis is proposed; its reaction with phenylhydrazine and benzoic acid hydrazide is shown to afford monoadducts, and with hydrazine hydrate, bisaduct. With diphenylguanidine occurs heterocyclization to 1-phenyl-2-N-phenylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzimidazole, whose structure is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction data. The analysis performed for this compound of the electron density distribution function in the crystal made it possible to estimate the charge distribution, π-electrons delocalization nature, and the role of N-H…N, C-H…H-C and C-H…C interactions in the formation of the crystal packing.
In Vivo Analysis of the Regulatory Genes in the Nystatin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of <i>Streptomyces noursei</i> ATCC 11455 Reveals Their Differential Control Over Antibiotic Biosynthesis (2004)

Six putative regulatory genes are located at the flank of the nystatin biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces noursei ATCC 11455. Gene inactivation and complementation experiments revealed that nysRI, nysRII, nysRIII, and nysRIV are necessary for efficient nystatin production, whereas no significant roles could be demonstrated for the other two regulatory genes. To determine the in vivo targets for the NysR regulators, chromosomal integration vectors with the xylE reporter gene under the control of seven putative promoter regions upstream of the nystatin structural and regulatory genes were constructed. Expression analyses of the resulting vectors in the S. noursei wild-type strain and regulatory mutants revealed that the four regulators differentially affect certain promoters. According to these analyses, genes responsible for initiation of nystatin biosynthesis and antibiotic transport were the major targets for regulation. Data from cross-complementation experiments showed that nysR genes could in some cases substitute for each other, suggesting a functional hierarchy of the regulators and implying a cascade-like mechanism of regulation of nystatin biosynthesis.
Centenary Lecture. Reactivities of carbon disulphide, carbon dioxide, and carbonyl sulphide towards some transition-metal systems (1982)

J. A. Ibers, Chem. Soc. Rev., 1982, 11, 57 DOI: 10.1039/CS9821100057
Experimental Study of Ceramic Coated Piston Crown for Compressed Natural Gas Direct Injection Engines (2013)

High temperature produced in a compressed natural gas with direct injection system (CNGDI) engine may contribute to high thermal stresses. Without appropriate heat transfer mechanism, the piston crown would operate ineffectively. In this work, bonding layer NiCrAl and ceramic based yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YPSZ) were plasma sprayed onto AC8A aluminum alloy CNGDI piston crowns and normal CamPro piston crowns in order to minimize thermal stresses. Several samples were deposited with NiCrAl bonding layers prior to coating of YPSZ for comparison purpose with the uncoated piston. The performance of the coating against high temperature was tested using a burner rig. The temperatures on the top of piston crown and piston underside were measured. Finally, the heat fluxes of all conditions of piston crown were calculated. In short, the YPSZ/NiCrAl coated CNGDI piston crown experienced the least heat fluxes than the uncoated piston crowns and the coated CamPro piston crown, giving extra protection during combustion operation.
Indexing and hypertext (1989)

Article Free Access Share on Indexing and hypertext Authors: M. Bernstein Eastgate Systems, moderator Eastgate Systems, moderatorView Profile , J. Critz Hewlett-Packard Hewlett-PackardView Profile , N. Mulvaney Bayside Indexing Service Bayside Indexing ServiceView Profile , R. Simpson Indexing Unlimited Indexing UnlimitedView Profile , M.-C. van Leunen Digital Equipment Corporatlon Digital Equipment CorporatlonView Profile Authors Info & Claims HYPERTEXT '89: Proceedings of the second annual ACM conference on HypertextNovember 1989 Pages 387–390https://doi.org/10.1145/74224.74256Published:01 November 1989Publication History 1citation293DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads293Last 12 Months19Last 6 weeks11 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The application of lithium aluminium hydride to the preparation of some amino‐alkanols (1951)

Abstract The preparation of several amino‐alkanols by the reduction with lithium aluminium hydride of certain ‘amic’ acids and their esters, aromatic keto‐acid amides and nitriles is described.
Direct activation of<i><i>EXPANSIN14</i></i>by LBD18 in the gene regulatory network of lateral root formation in Arabidopsis (2013)

Root system architecture is important for plants to adapt to a changing environment. The major determinant of the root system is lateral roots originating from the primary root. The developmental process of lateral root formation can be divided into priming, initiation, primordium development and the emergence of lateral roots, and is well characterized in Arabidopsis. The hormone auxin plays a critical role in lateral root development, and several auxin response modules involving AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS (ARFs), transcriptional regulators of auxin-regulated genes and Aux/IAA, negative regulators of ARFs, regulate lateral root formation. The LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE (LBD/ASL) gene family encodes a unique class of transcription factors harbouring a conserved plant-specific lateral organ boundary domain and plays a role in lateral organ development of plants including lateral root formation. In our previous study, we showed that LBD18 stimulates lateral root formation in combination with LBD16 downstream of ARF7 and ARF19 during the auxin response. We have recently demonstrated that LBD18 activates expression of EXP14, a gene encoding the cell-wall loosening factor, by directly binding to the EXP14 promoter to promote lateral root emergence. Here we present the molecular function of LBD18 and its gene regulatory network during lateral root formation.
Cell‐Specific and Nuclear Targeting with [M(CO)<sub>3</sub>]<sup>+</sup> (M=<sup>99m</sup>Tc, Re)‐Based Complexes Conjugated to Acridine Orange and Bombesin (2007)

Receptor-specific nuclear targeting requires trifunctional metal complexes. We have synthesized [M(L(2)-pept)(L(1)-acr)(CO)(3)] (pept=peptide; acr=acridine-based agent) in which the fac-[M(CO)(3)](+) moiety (1st function, M=(99m)Tc, Re) couples an acridine-based nuclear-targeting agent (2nd function, L(1)-acr) and the specific cell-receptor-binding peptide bombesin (3rd function, L(2)-pept). The metal-mediated coupling is based on the mixed ligand [2+1] principle. The nuclear targeting agents have been derivatised with an isocyanide group for monodentate (L(1)) and bombesin (BBN) with a bidentate ligand (L(2)) for complexation to fac-[M(CO)(3)](+). For nuclear uptake studies, the model complexes [Re(L(2))(L(1)-acr)(CO)(3)] (L(2)=pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid) were synthesized and structurally characterized. We selected acridine derivatives as nuclear-targeting agents, because they are very good nucleus-staining agents and exhibit strong fluorescence. Despite the bulky metal complexes attached to acridine, all [Re(L(2))(L(1)-acr)(CO)(3)] showed high accumulation in the nuclei of PC3 and B16F1 cells, as evidenced by fluorescence microscopy. For radiopharmaceutical purposes, the (99m)Tc analogues have been prepared and radioactivity distribution confirmed the fluorescence results. Coupling of BBN to L(2) gave the receptor-selective complexes [M(L(2)-BBN)(L(1)-acr)(CO)(3)]. Whereas no internalization was found with B16F1 cells, fluorescence microscopy on PC3 cells bearing the BBN receptor showed high and rapid uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis into the cytoplasm, but not into the nucleus.
Validation of structural and functional lesions of diabetic retinopathy in mice. (2010)

Diabetic retinopathy is a serious long-term complication of diabetes mellitus. There is considerable interest in using mouse models, which can be genetically modified, to understand how retinopathy develops and can be inhibited. Not all retinal lesions that develop in diabetic patients have been reproduced in diabetic mice; conversely, not all abnormalities found in diabetic mice have been studied or identified in diabetic patients. Thus, it is important to recognize which structural and functional abnormalities that develop in diabetic mice have been validated against the lesions that characteristically develop in diabetic patients. Those lesions that have been observed to develop in the mouse models to date are predominantly characteristic of the early stages of retinopathy. Identification of new therapeutic ways to inhibit these early lesions is expected to help inhibit progression to more advanced and clinically important stages of retinopathy.
The Function Unit (1982)

The Function Unit is also called the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) because it is typically capable of performing arithmetic operations and logic operations. The Function Unit of SDC can perform the operations necessary to enable SDC to execute the ADD, SUB, MPY, DIV, AND and OR instructions of table 1.4. Thus the Function Unit is able to perform the following operations between the integer or bit pattern in the ACC and another brought from the Memory: , subtraction, multiplication, division , on pairs of corresponding bits of their operands Figure 10.1 shows the inputs and outputs of the Function Unit.
Marketing-Production Decisions in an Industrial Channel of Distribution (1987)

This paper presents a model that considers the interface between marketing and production decisions in a channel of distribution of industrial goods comprised of a manufacturer and a distributor. The key issue investigated is the nature of the coordination within the channel in light of an unstable pattern of seasonal demand. The investigation, which focuses on dynamic issues, considers production activities such as product delivery and inventory policy, and their link to marketing strategies such as pricing policies. The focus here is on the dynamic nature of the coordinational aspects of the various policies. For example, the following questions are addressed: What is the distributor's pricing strategy throughout the season? What is the nature of the contractual price in the channel? Under what conditions should the distributor carry no inventory throughout the seasonal period? Under what conditions should the manufacturer carry no inventory? What is the impact of the seasonal parameters and differing holding and processing costs upon the various policies of the distribution channel? We propose a mechanism to address these issues, and we provide explicit answers to these questions.
Bupropion and Anticonvulsant Drug Interactions (1995)

The use of bupropion (BUP) involves a higher seizure risk than the use of other antidepressants, limiting its dose and widespread use. The two reported cases document anticonvulsant-BUP drug interactions through plasma levels. Carbamazepine appeared to decrease the plasma BUP to nondetectable levels, while hydroxybupropion was found at very high levels. Data presented suggest that BUP may increase sodium valproate levels. Conclusions from these case reports are tentative, pending further study. Monitering of BUP and its metabolites may ultimately prove useful in guiding clinicians dosing decisions, especially when mood stabilizers are combined with other psychotropic drugs in refractory bipolar patients.
Luminescent and electronic properties of end-substituted distyrylbenzene derivatives (2000)

NRC publication: Yes
A CMOS low-jitter phase frequency detector for giga-bit/s clock recovery (2003)

The PFD consists of a bang-bang Frequency Detector (FD) and a Phase Detector (PD) with analog outputs. The frequency acquisition range is over /spl plusmn/30%. The bang-bang FD disconnects itself from the loop once lock acquisition is achieved. The PFD was fabricated in a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process for 1 Gbit/s clock recovery. RMS jitter in the recovered 1 GHz clock is 7.4 ps.
Viewport: A Distributed, Immersive Teleconferencing System with Infrared Dot Pattern (2013)

The Viewport immersive teleconferencing system reconstructs sparse 3D representations for each user and applies virtual seating to maintain the same seating geometry as face-to-face meetings. In this article, we propose a fully distributed immersive teleconferencing system that assumes there is only one user at each station during the conference. Such a system would allow users to conduct meetings in their own offices for greatest convenience. Compared with group conferencing systems, fully distributed systems let us render the light and sound fields from a single user's viewpoint at each site, which demands less of the system hardware.
Tumor necrosis factor induces synthesis of two proteins in human fibroblasts. (1986)

Human fibroblasts were insensitive to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alone but were killed when treated with TNF together with the inhibitor of protein synthesis cycloheximide. However, incubation with TNF before addition of cycloheximide protected these cells from cytotoxicity. This suggested that TNF induced some protective mechanism(s) and that protein synthesis was required for this induction. By labeling fibroblasts with [35S]methionine, we observed that TNF induced in these cells the synthesis of two proteins of Mr 36,000 and 42,000 (p36 and p42). This induction was dependent on the TNF concentration and was observed within a few hours after addition of TNF. Actinomycin D prevented synthesis of these proteins, suggesting that TNF induced transcription of the corresponding mRNAs. p42 appeared to be stable, whereas p36 turned over within a few hours. The physiological role of these proteins in the cellular response to TNF remains to be established.
p53 dependence of topoisomerase I recruitment in vivo. (2000)

DNA damage is attended by rapid recruitment of endogenous type I topoisomerase (topo I) into covalent cleavage complexes with genomic DNA in vivo. In contrast, endogenous topoisomerase II alpha and beta are not stimulated by DNA damage. We show that topo I and p53 are able to associate at arrested topo I-genomic DNA covalent complexes in vivo, suggesting that p53 directly stimulates topo I activity and damage to the genome of the afflicted cell. Moreover, cells that express wild-type p53 are most proficient at recruiting topo I after DNA damage; however, the p53 dependence is conditional because topo I recruitment after DNA damage can be restored if p53 mutant cells (containing a single mutant allele) are artificially held in G1. In contrast, p53 null mutants do not recruit topo I after DNA damage under any conditions (although camptothecin-dependent topo I/DNA complexes readily form in the nulls). These results show that topo I activation after DNA damage depends on the p53 status of the cell. It also depends upon the cell cycle in a way that is very different from that observed with DNA replication-dependent, camptothecin-mediated DNA breaks. The data suggest a model where p53 activates topo I, which inflicts additional genomic damage after the initial UV damage events. Topoisomerases therefore contribute to the p53 commitment to apoptosis, and topo I might assist in elimination of DNA-damaged cells as part of the cellular proofreading function inherent in the p53 pathway.
Multifractals, universality classes and satellite and radar measurements of cloud and rain fields (1990)

The extreme variability of cloud and rain fields poses serious problems in quantitative use of remotely sensed satellite and radar data. We show how to characterize this variability using scale invariant (sensor resolution independent) codimension functions which are exponents characterizing the probability distributions. These codimension functions in turn form a three parameter universality class. We review the properties of these multifractal measures and empirically evaluate the codimension functions as well as the universality classes for infrared and visible satellite cloud images using the new probability distribution/multiple scaling technique, refining previously published results and relating these to the established lognormal rain and cloud phenomenologies. We then show how to solve the radar observers' problem for multifractal radar reflectivity factors and to estimate the codimension function of rain from the radar. Finally, we reexamine some earlier (monofractal) analysis techniques in the light of our findings.
FaceEngine a 3D facial animation engine for real time applications (2001)

Article Share on FaceEngine a 3D facial animation engine for real time applications Authors: Gaspard Breton France Télécom France TélécomView Profile , Christian Bouville France Télécom France TélécomView Profile , Danielle Pelé France Télécom France TélécomView Profile Authors Info & Claims Web3D '01: Proceedings of the sixth international conference on 3D Web technologyFebruary 2001Pages 15–22https://doi.org/10.1145/363361.363367Published:01 February 2001Publication History 21citation1,672DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations21Total Downloads1,672Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
GPS/INS integration with fault detection and exclusion in shadowed environments (2008)

This paper presents a method for GPS/INS operation in shadowed environments such as urban canyons and rural foliage cover. Shadowing causes a combination of multipath and signal attenuation which results in increased uncertainty in the GPS observables and sometimes complete loss of satellite tracking. Environment layout and the line-of-sight vector to the affected satellite determines the degree of shadowing in the range domain. Details are provided for the failure modes and effects in such environments. These results are used in the analysis of a fault detection and exclusion (FDE) algorithm to provide integrity to the GPS observables.