gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anemia of Chronic Disease (Anemia of Inflammation) (2009)

Mild-to-moderate anemia often develops in the setting of acute or chronic immune activation and is termed anemia of chronic disease (ACD) or anemia of inflammation. Anemia of chronic disease is the second most common type of anemia (after anemia of iron deficiency) and results in increased morbidity and mortality of the underlying disease. Anemia of chronic disease is mediated by inflammatory cytokines and is characterized by low serum iron (hypoferremia) and often increased reticuloendothelial stores of iron. Hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis and its synthesis is inhibited by iron deficiency and stimulated by inflammation. The serum hepcidin level is useful in identifying iron deficiency in patients with ACD. Successful treatment of the underlying disease improves ACD. If that is not possible and if anemia is symptomatic, treatment with erythropoietic agents, supplemented with iron if necessary, is helpful in many cases.
Current and future applications of flow cytometry in aquatic microbiology (2000)

Flow cytometry has become a valuable tool in aquatic and environmental microbiology that combines direct and rapid assays to determine numbers, cell size distribution and additional biochemical and physiological characteristics of individual cells, revealing the heterogeneity present in a population or community. Flow cytometry exhibits three unique technical properties of high potential to study the microbiology of aquatic systems: (i) its tremendous velocity to obtain and process data; (ii) the sorting capacity of some cytometers, which allows the transfer of specific populations or even single cells to a determined location, thus allowing further physical, chemical, biological or molecular analysis; and (iii) high-speed multiparametric data acquisition and multivariate data analysis. Flow cytometry is now commonly used in aquatic microbiology, although the application of cell sorting to microbial ecology and quantification of heterotrophic nanoflagellates and viruses is still under development. The recent development of laser scanning cytometry also provides a new way to further analyse sorted cells or cells recovered on filter membranes or slides. The main infrastructure limitations of flow cytometry are: cost, need for skilled and well-trained operators, and adequate refrigeration systems for high-powered lasers and cell sorters. The selection and obtaining of the optimal fluorochromes, control microorganisms and validations for a specific application may sometimes be difficult to accomplish.
Presence of HIV-1 group O infection in West Africa (1996)

Peeters, M.; Gaye, A.; Mboup, S.; Badombena, W.; Bassabi, K.; Prince-David, M.; Develoux, M.; Liegeois, F.; van der Groen, G.; Saman, E.; Delaporte, E. Author Information
A novel APP-based soft-output adaptive equalizer. Exploiting non-linear MMSE fixed-lag smoothed estimates of the transmitted symbols (2002)

Non-linear minimum mean square error (NL-MMSE) estimators have seldom been used in practice because of the intrinsic analytic difficulties that arise in their development. However, it has been shown by Galli (2000) that the a posteriori probabilities (APPs) of the states of the ISI channel can be efficiently used to generate NL-MMSE filtered and fixed-lag smoothed estimates of the transmitted symbols. On the basis of this new result, a novel soft-output adaptive receiver is presented for TDMA-based cellular land-mobile radio communications. The proposed receiver uses NL-MMSE fixed-lag smoothed estimates of the transmitted symbols for channel estimation and tracking and exploits the APPs for the computation of the branch metrics of the Viterbi algorithm (VA). Simulations have shown that, in some situations, gains of at least 14 dB over the conventional hard-decision driven receivers are obtainable.
A Generalized Sky-LOSA Method to Quantify Soot/Black Carbon Emission Rates in Atmospheric Plumes of Gas Flares (2013)

A new generalized theory governing sky-LOSA measurements (line-of-sight attenuation measurements of sky-light) of soot mass flux in atmospheric plumes has been developed which enables accurate measurements in the presence of in-scattered light from the sky and sun. The new approach is quantitatively tested using field measurement data collected for a gas flare at a turbocompressor station in Mexico. Although the soot plume of the tested flare was on the threshold of visible to the naked eye, the sensitivity of the current hardware was more than sufficient to resolve the soot mass emission rate of 0.067 g/s, with a quantified 95% confidence interval of 0.050 to 0.090 g/s. Results of a Monte Carlo simulation showed that soot optical property uncertainty was the major contributor to the overall measurement uncertainty. By contrast, correction of in-scattering via the generalized theory was a comparatively minor contributor, and was specifically insensitive to assumptions about the sky polarization state and intensity distribution. Given the prevalence of flaring and its implication as a potentially critical source of black carbon emissions, sky-LOSA is an essential new technology to directly quantify the impact of these globally distributed sources, for which comparable technologies do not exist.
Mental and physical countermeasures reduce the accuracy of polygraph tests. (1994)

Effects of countermeasures on the control-question polygraph test were examined in an experiment with 120 Ss recruited from the general community. Ss were given polygraph tests by an examiner who used field techniques. Twenty Ss were innocent, and of the 100 guilty Ss, 80 were trained in the use of either a physical countermeasure (biting the tongue or pressing the toes to the floor) or a mental countermeasure (counting backward by 7) to be applied while control questions were being presented during their examinations. The mental and physical countermeasures were equally effective: Each enabled approximately 50% of the Ss to defeat the polygraph test. The strongest countermeasure effects were observed in the cardiovascular measures. Moreover, the countermeasures were difficult to detect either instrumentally or through observation.
Gossypol, a cytoxic agent, may uncouple respiration of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells (1988)

Conference Article| August 01 1988 Gossypol, a cytoxic agent, may uncouple respiration of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells P. M. J. McSHEEHY; P. M. J. McSHEEHY 1Department of Biochemistry, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. L. BASHFORD C. L. BASHFORD 1Department of Biochemistry, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1988) 16 (4): 616–617. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160616 Article history Received: November 24 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P. M. J. McSHEEHY, C. L. BASHFORD; Gossypol, a cytoxic agent, may uncouple respiration of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 August 1988; 16 (4): 616–617. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0160616 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: KRH, Krebs-Ringer buffer, FCCP, p-tri-fluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone This content is only available as a PDF. © 1988 Biochemical Society1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Agents and multi-agent systems and application to condition monitoring (2007)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"Agents and Multi-agents Systems and Application to Condition Monitoring" by Christina B. Vilakazi, Tshilidzi Marwala<br>in the Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics 2007, pp. 644-649<br><br>After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.<br><br>This paper contains significant methodology and text from the paper cited below. The content was used with insufficient attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.<br><br>"The Design of a Multi-Agent Transformer Condition Monitoring System"<br> by Stephen D.J. McArthur, Scott M. Strachan, and Gordon Jahn<br>in the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol 19, No 4, November 2004, pp. 1845-1852<br><br> <br/> In recent years the need for improved monitoring systems has necessitated the application of intelligent systems. In this study, a multi-agent system (MAS) is used for vibration condition monitoring. The system consists of functional agents such as feature extraction agent, interpretation agent, diagnosis agent, engineering assistant agent and registry agent. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and Extension Neural Network (ENN) are used as interpretation agent. The rationale behind using multi-agent system for condition monitoring is explained. Experimental results show that multi-agent system is an effective artificial intelligence techniques for condition monitoring.
[Separation of high-quality sperm by PureSperm centrifugation applied to intrauterine insemination cycles]. (2004)

PureSperm centrifugation is a safe, efficient and easy method for separating high-quality sperm on intrauterine insemination cycles.
The effect of storage on the expression of platelet membrane phosphatidylserine and the subsequent impacton the coagulant function of stored platelets (2000)

These results show that PS expression increases after preparation of PCs from platelet-rich plasma and rises progressively during platelet storage under blood bank conditions. Furthermore, the greater PS expression is associated with increased platelet- dependent thrombin-generating capacity.
Realistic Evaluation of Airplane Brake Vibration by Laboratory Test and Analysis (1995)

Abstract An important part of the design of airplane brakes is the laboratory verification of their capability to absorb the kinetic energy of the airplane under various operating conditions ranging from normal service energy levels to the very high energy of a rejected takeoff (RTO). These “stops”, as dynamometer brake applications are called, must demonstrate acceptable temperature levels for the wheel and tire, the ability of the brake to carry out numerous taxi and service type stops without any servicing, and acceptable wear rates for the friction material so as to make the brake economically feasible for use by the airlines. These laboratory tests are typically carried out on an adjustable inertia roadwheel dynamometer. The wheel and tire are “landed” against the flywheel of the dynamometer until the correct radial load is developed on the tire. The brakes are then applied to decelerate the dynamometer to a low taxi speed or stop it completely. With such a system various spectrums of landing and multiple taxi stops can be programmed to yield a simulation of actual airplane operation. An attempt has been made to extend this type of dynamometer testing to examine the vibrational characteristics of the brake as part of the total landing gear system, in addition to its performance as an energy absorber. Since these total-system vibrations can be destructive to both the brake and the landing gear structure, this type of vibrational evaluation is as important as the energy evaluation of the brake. For many transport aircraft, particularly those with four or more wheels per landing gear, it is impossible to incorporate the entire landing gear into the dynamometer testing. The nature of the testing extension has therefore been to simulate the behavior of the gear with simpler devices called simulators. In order to duplicate as nearly as possible the vibrational characteristics that will be experienced on the airplane, various types of landing gear simulators have been used in conjunction with dynamometer testing. This paper discusses the pros and cons of landing gear simulators and a proposed approach that would utilize the simulator in a program to more accurately predict actual airplane landing gear vibrational characteristics.
Transparent, Versatile Chemical Vapor Sensor Using Supramolecular Assembly of Block Copolymer and Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

Here, a simple and novel approach is reported for developing a new class of transparent chemical vapor sensors with a low power consumption, high sensitivity, good selectivity, and excellent environmental stability by depositing multiwalled carbon nanotubes on prepatterned polymer substrates using supramolecular assembly. The patterned polymer substrates were fabricated from block copolymers, whereas the supramolecular assembly between the carbon nanotubes and block copolymer is utilized for the selective localization of carbon nanotubes at the block copolymer-air interface. The thin film devices made from the block copolymer and carbon nanotubes are highly transparent (transmittance > 90%) and respond to a wide range of solvents of different polarity, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, with good selectivity and fast response time.
Trichloroethylene concentration effects on pilot field-scale in-situ groundwater bioremediation by phenol-oxidizing microorganisms (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrichloroethylene concentration effects on pilot field-scale in-situ groundwater bioremediation by phenol-oxidizing microorganismsGary D. Hopkins, Junko Munakata, Lewis Semprini, and Perry L. McCartyCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27, 12, 2542–2547Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00048a035https://doi.org/10.1021/es00048a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views356Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In vitro inhibition of bacterial growth by iron chelators (2010)

The antimicrobial activity of the iron(III)-selective 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one chelators, CP251(1) and CP252(2), was evaluated in comparison with that of diethylenetriamine-penta acetic acid (3). CP251 was found to exhibit an inhibitory effect on the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CP251 may find application in the treatment of external infections such as those associated with wounds.
Active Specific Immunotherapy of Melanoma with a GM3 Ganglioside-Based Vaccine (2004)

A novel cancer vaccine was obtained by combining GM3 ganglioside with Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein complex to obtain very-small-size proteoliposomes (GM3/VSSP). The authors report the results of a phase 1 study of intramuscular administration of GM3/VSSP/Montanide ISA 51 to patients with metastatic melanoma. Twenty-six patients were included in three dose-level cohorts of 120, 240, and 360 mug. The first five doses (induction phase) were given at 2-week intervals, and the remaining four doses were given monthly. Patients were evaluated for dose-related toxicities and antitumor effects. In addition, serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained at baseline and throughout treatment to evaluate humoral and cellular immune responses. One episode of severe hypotension and fever was observed in a patient included at the highest dose level. Other toxicities consisted of local reactions at the site of injection and mild fever and chills. Five doses of GM3/VSSP induced an anti-GM3 IgM response in 44% of patients. Serum reactivity was also observed against melanoma cell lines and tumor biopsies. GM3/VSSP was shown to induce very strong in vitro IFNgamma secretion in all evaluated melanoma patients. Furthermore, in one patient IFNgamma secretion was shown to be GM3-specific. A 62% reduction of a mediastinal mass was documented in one patient (partial response), while a second patient benefited from initial disease stabilization followed by tumor reduction in nonmeasurable soft tissue lesions accompanied by vitiligo.
Ecological adaptations in Douglas-fir populations. II. Western Montana (1982)

Seedlings from 50 populations of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var.g/auca) from Montana west of the Continental Divide were compared in nursery, laboratory, and shadehouse studies.Analyses of variance indicated significant differences among populations in six traits: bud burst, bud set, 3-year height, growth rate, cold injury, and flushing periods during the first or third growing season.Most traits were highly intercorrelated; thus, populations that expressed a high growth potential also set buds late, flushed twice, grew at a rapid rate, but were most severly injured by freezing.Consequently, adaptation of populations for numerous traits is viewed as a balance between selection of high growth potential in relatively mild environments and selection for cold hardiness in severe environments.Multiple regression analyses related genetic differentation of populations to geographic and ecologic conditions of the seed source.The regression model that best fit the data described adaptive variation according to two physiographic zones, elevation within each zone, and latitude within zones.Patter'ns of adaptive differentiation were used to develop seed transfer guidelines for reforestation and tree improvement.
The Role of Methyltransferase Inhibitors in the Management of the Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2004)

Supportive care alone for MDS appears inferior to newer treatment approaches using methyltransferase inhibitors.
From Industry to Technical Education (1959)

"We are living in an age of transition." So Adam is reported to have said to Eve when they were thrown out of the Garden of Eden and so it is in technical education to-day. In writing about education when it is only just over twelve months since I arrived here from industry, I feel like the man who writes a book Russia To-day after having spent only a few days there on a business trip.
Evidence-Based Compression (2004)

The most important factors in selecting a mechanical prophylactic system, particularly during and after surgery, are patient compliance and the appropriateness of the site of compression. There is no evidence that the peak venous velocity produced by a system is a valid measure of medical performance.
Chondrocytes in the endochondral growth cartilage are not hypoxic (1997)

From an anatomic viewpoint, the blood supply to chondrocytes in the growth cartilage is limited. As a result, it has been suggested that these cells are hypoxic and that this condition regulates chondrocyte maturation and cartilage mineralization. We examined the state of chondrocyte oxygenation in the chick growth plate using a hypoxia-sensing drug, EF5. EF5 is a pentafluorinated derivative of the 2-nitroimidazole, etanidazole, that is metabolically reduced by oxygen-inhibitable nitroreductase(s). Reduced EF5 covalently forms adducts with cellular macromolecules that can be visualized with a highly specific fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibody. When EF5 was injected into chicks and tissues were subsequently examined by immunohistochemical techniques, chondrocytes in articular, proliferating, and hypertrophic cartilage exhibited a low level of fluorescence-detectable binding, suggesting the absence of significant hypoxia. We confirmed that the results were not confounded by tissue-specific factors related to low-chondrocyte nitroreductase activity or problems from drug diffusion into cartilage. Using in vitro systems, we showed that, under conditions of imposed hypoxia, EF5 diffused into the tissue and was bound to chondrocytes. With the use of an in vivo model in which hypoxia was artificially induced by death, chick chondrocytes were found to bind the drug. Although the EF5-binding method is not optimally suited for determining the precise oxygen partial pressure in heterogeneous tissues, such as the growth plate, we concluded that chick chondrocytes are not oxygen deficient in vivo.
Erythropoietin treatment leads to reduced blood glucose levels and body mass: insights from murine models (2010)

Erythropoietin (EPO) regulates proliferation and differentiation of erythroid precursor cells into erythrocytes. The last decade has revealed non-renal sites of EPO production and extrahematopoietic expression of the EPO receptor, thus suggesting that EPO has pleiotropic functions. Here, we addressed the interplay between EPO/glucose metabolism/body weight by employing a panel of relevant experimental murine models. The models focused on situations of increased EPO levels, including EPO-injected C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, as well as transgenic mice (tg6) constitutively overexpressing human EPO, thus exposed to constantly high EPO serum levels. As experimental models for diabetes and obesity, we employed protein Tyr phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) knockout mice associated with resistance to diabetes (PTP1B(-/-)), and ob/ob mice susceptible to diabetes and obesity. The data presented herein demonstrate EPO-mediated decrease in blood glucose levels in all mice models tested. Moreover, in the ob/ob mice, we observed EPO-mediated attenuation of body weight gain and reduction of hemoglobin A1c. Taken together, our data bear significant clinical implications of EPO treatment in the management of a wide range of metabolic diseases, thus adding an important novel therapeutic potential to this pleiotropic hormone.
Molecular Clusters in Imperfect Gases (1955)

An exact, formal method for calculating the number of physical (as contrasted with Mayer's mathematical) clusters in an imperfect monatomic gas is developed. However, although the equations are exact, the definition of a physical cluster is somewhat arbitrary. This arbitrariness does not affect any of the purely thermodynamic properties of the gas. A particular pair-wise definition of physical clusters is discussed in some detail and compared with Mayer's pair-wise definition of mathematical clusters.