gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Report of the Secretary-Treasurer (1957)

Journal Article Report of the Secretary-Treasurer Get access William Horwitz William Horwitz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 40, Issue 1, 1 February 1957, Pages 91–94, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/40.1.91 Published: 24 January 2020
Evidence that the Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor ς <sup>E</sup> Is Required for Normal Cell Wall Structure in <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> A3(2) (1999)

The sigE gene of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) encodes an RNA polymerase sigma factor belonging to the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) subfamily. Constructed sigE deletion and disruption mutants were more sensitive than the parent to muramidases such as hen egg white lysozyme and to the CwlA amidase from Bacillus subtilis. This correlated with an altered muropeptide profile, as determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of lytic digests of purified peptidoglycan. The sigE mutants required high levels of magnesium for normal growth and sporulation, overproducing the antibiotic actinorhodin and forming crenellated colonies in its absence. Together, these data suggest that sigE is required for normal cell wall structure. The role of sigmaE was further investigated by analyzing the expression of hrdD, which is partially sigE dependent. The hrdD gene, which encodes the sigmaHrdD subunit of RNA polymerase, is transcribed from two promoters, hrdDp1 and hrdDp2, both similar to promoters recognized by other ECF sigma factors. The activities of hrdDp1 and hrdDp2 were reduced 20- and 3-fold, respectively, in sigE mutants, although only hrdDp1 was recognized by EsigmaE in vitro. Growth on media deficient in magnesium caused the induction of both hrdD promoters in a sigE-dependent manner.
Streptococcus mutans, Caries and Simulation Models (2010)

Dental caries and dental plaque are among the most common diseases worldwide, and are caused by a mixture of microorganisms and food debris. Specific types of acid-producing bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans, colonize the dental surface and cause damage to the hard tooth structure in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates e.g., sucrose and fructose. This paper reviews the link between S. mutans and caries, as well as different simulation models that are available for studying caries. These models offer a valuable approach to study cariogenicity of different substrates as well as colonization of S. mutans.
Therapeutic Effect of Nisin Z on Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating Cows (2007)

ABSTRACT Bovine subclinical mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by bacterial intramammary infection, accounting for large economic losses. Treatment of subclinical mastitis is not suggested for lactating cows due to the risk of milk contamination. The objectives of this study were to evaluate an antimicrobial peptide, nisin, in the treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows. A total of 90 lactating Holstein cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into nisin-treated ( n = 46) and control ( n = 44) groups. In the nisin-treated group, cows received an intramammary infusion of nisin at a dose of 2,500,000 IU once daily for 3 days while the control cows received no treatment. Milk samples were collected from the affected mammary quarters before treatment and 1 and 2 weeks after treatment for analyses of bacteria, somatic cells, and N -acetyl-β- d -glucosaminidase (NAGase). Results indicated that nisin therapy had bacteriological cure rates of 90.1% for Streptococcus agalactiae (10 of 11), 50% for Staphylococcus aureus (7 of 14), 58.8% for coagulase-negative staphylococci (7 of 17), and 65.2% for all cases (30 of 46). Meanwhile, only 15.9% (7 of 44) of untreated cows spontaneously recovered. NAGase activity in milk samples and the number of mammary quarters with a milk somatic cell count of ≥500,000/ml were significantly decreased after nisin treatment while no significant changes took place in the control group. Because of its therapeutic effects on bovine subclinical mastitis, as well as its safety in humans, nisin deserves further study to clarify its effects on mastitis caused by different pathogens.
Identification of Marker Loci for Seed Dormancy in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1997)

In rice breeding, genes for seed dormancy as well as the markers for each of them are required for incorporation of an adequate seed dormancy into japonica cultivars. To screen genetic loci for seed dormancy in rice ( Oryza sativa L.), two kinds of populations were tested: (i) an F 2 population of a hybrid Milyang 23 / Todorokiwase, and (ii) F 1 populations from a three‐way cross, in which an indica donor of strong dormancy, IR 36, was crossed with non‐dormant japonica cultivars, Nekken 2 and Miyukimochi, in the form of IR 36 / Nekken 2 // Miyukimochi. The seeds produced on the F 2 plants from the single cross and those on F 1 plants from the three‐way cross were tested at three times: immediately after maturation, after 60 d storage at 4°C, and after breaking dormancy (7 d at 50°C). Of 24 marker loci assayed, at least four loci linked to seed dormancy were detected. The strong seed dormancy of Milyang 23 was linked with three isozyme genes: Pgi‐1 1 on chromosome 3, Amp‐3 2 on chromosome 6, and Est‐9 2 on chromosome 7, while the strong seed dormancy of IR 36 was linked with C + (apiculus color) on chromosome 6, Est‐9 2 on Chromosome 7, and Acp‐2 1 on chromosome 12. The high level of seed dormancy in indicas was found to be due to a cumulative effect of several loci. Differential responses of such loci to a dormancy‐breaking treatment were detected. An allele from IR 36 at a locus on chromosome 6 seemed to be responsible for strong seed dormancy after maturation and to be easily broken during storage. This allele may be incorporated into japonica rices by means of marker C for apiculus color.
Reduced cancer incidence among patients with schizophrenia (2005)

The results of the current study demonstrate a reduced risk of cancer in patients with schizophrenia. The mechanisms responsible for the lower risk need be investigated further.
PROTEIN CONCENTRATE FROM NORMAL AND HIGH‐LYSINE CORNS BY ALKALINE EXTRACTION: PREPARATION (1976)

ABSTRACT An alkaline extraction process was developed to produce protein concentrates and starch from ground normal and high‐lysine corns. Optimum extraction of protein occurred at pH 11.7 in 0.1N sodium hydroxide with 150g corn per 900 ml solvent. The corn was extracted twice with sodium hydroxide solutions After centrifugation, each alkaline extract was adjusted to pH 4.7 to recover the protein as a precipitate. Bran was removed from starch and protein by screening the second alkaline dispersion, and the protein and starch were separated by centifugation. The protein content (nitrogen × 6.25) of the concentrate varied between 63 and 71% and accounted for 52–63% of the total corn protein. Highlysine corn yielded more concentrate than normal corn, as well as more starch.
Optimized Avidin Nucleic Acid Nanoassemblies by a Tailored PEGylation Strategy and Their Application as Molecular Amplifiers in Detection (2010)

Avidin was recently found to display the ability to interact with high affinity with nucleic acids. In this work, we investigated how this property is affected by the protein modification with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). More precisely, we studied the influence of the size and geometry of the polymer and of the mode of anchorage to the protein surface. To this end, we synthesized five PEG derivatives capable of PEGylating avidin either through covalent attachment to its lysine primary amines or by exploiting its biotin binding pockets. Several differently PEGylated avidin derivatives were then obtained, which were later tested for their affinity for plasmid DNA by means of the electrophoretic mobility assay. The results show that covalent PEGylation reduces the affinity for DNA in a dose-dependent manner, whereas PEG anchoring through the biotin binding sites does not, even when bulky and high MW biotin-PEG derivatives are used. We then investigated how the size and molecular weight of the biotin-PEG affects the solubility and stability of avidin-nucleic acid nanoassemblies in physiological buffer. Among the biotin-PEG derivatives synthesized in this work, the branched forms were more efficient in protecting particle surface and preventing their aggregation. Full nanoparticle solubility was achieved by saturating 30% of the biotin binding sites with a 2 x 5 kDa branched derivative. the optimized avidin nucleic acid nanoassemblies (ANANAS) were employed in a model analytical test where they showed at least 40-fold higher efficiency than monomeric avidin in recognizing biotinylated surface immobilized IgGs. The results pave the way toward the application of this novel nanosystem in biomedicine.
Kant for the Eighties: Comments on Hillis Miller's ‘The Search for Grounds in Literary Studies’ (1987)

Kant figures in Miller's paper both to characterise a paradox about values in traditional literary studies and to pivot some contrasting deconstructive turns. Curiously, the relation of Kant to New Criticism is not mentioned; it wil l be by reference to some of the latter work that one wil l be able to trace the similarities between the contrasted positions, deconstruction vs. traditional literary criticism. The relation is indeed appropriately posed through Kant's definition of the beautiful as the symbol of morality, as cited by Miller through those different gestures. However, before considering this definition from the Critique of Judgement, I would like to turn to an image from another of Kant's writings, The Critique of Pure Reason, a far more charming book in any
Establishment of the interferon-mediated antiviral state: role of fatty acid cyclooxygenase. (1980)

Inhibitors of fatty acid cyclooxygenase 8,11,14-icosatrienoate, hydrogen donor:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.14.99.1) were found to suppress the establishment of the interferon-mediated antiviral state. The prevention, by these compounds, of the development of interferon protection correlated with the degree as well as the duration of cyclooxygenase inhibition. Anti-inflammatory substances lacking cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity did not interfere with the establishment of interferon protection. The addition of exogenous prostaglandins was not found to replace the need for a functional cyclooxygenase and, in some instances, could be shown to diminish the establishment of interferon protection. It is proposed that fatty acid cyclooxygenase is an essential component in the optimal induction of the interferon antiviral state.
Effects of Somatostatin on Hepatic Haemodynamics in the Cirrhotic Rat (1986)

Reports on the effects of somatostatin on hepatic haemodynamics in the cirrhotic patient have provided conflicting results. Therefore, we studied the effects of different modes and rates of somatostatin administration on hepatic haemodynamcis in the cirrhotic rat. Portal pressure (PP), wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP), portal venous flow (PVF), liver blood flow (LBF) and systemic blood pressure were measured in rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhosis. Somatostatin was administered as a rapid injection, a continuous infusion or as a bolus dose followed by a constant infusion. One group of rats with a previously constructed portacaval shunt received a bolus dose of somatostatin followed by a constant infusion. A rapid injection of somatostatin was attended by a rapid and significant fall in all the haemodynamic parameters measured (p < 0.01). Continuous infusion of somatostatin [4 or 8 μg/kg body weight (BW) h] resulted in a gradual but significant reduction in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF (p < 0.05), but had no effect on systemic blood pressure. A bolus dose of somatostatin (2, 4 or 8 μg/kg BW over 2 min) resulted in a rapid decrease in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF (p < 0.01), the decreases being maintained by continuous infusion. In rats with a portacaval shunt a bolus dose of somatostatin (8 μg/kg BW) resulted in a rapid fall in WHVP and LBF, the decrease being maintained by a continuous infusion (8 μg/kg BW/h). We conclude that in the cirrhotic rat, (1) a bolus dose of somatostatin followed by a continuous infusion is more effective than a continuous infusion in producing and maintaining a significant reduction in PP, WHVP, PVF and LBF; (2) somatostatin has little effect on systemic blood pressure unless it is administered very rapidly; (3) previous conflicting reports on the effects of somatostatin on hepatic haemodynamics in the cirrhotic patient may be related to the rate or mode of administration of the hormone.
Design and Preclinical Development of TransCon PTH, an Investigational Sustained-Release PTH Replacement Therapy for Hypoparathyroidism (2019)

Hypoparathyroidism (HP) is a condition of parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency leading to abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism. The mainstay of therapy consists of vitamin D and calcium supplements, as well as adjunct Natpara (PTH(1-84)). However, neither therapy optimally controls urinary calcium (uCa) or significantly reduces the incidence of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia. TransCon PTH, a sustained-release prodrug of PTH(1-34) in development for the treatment of HP, was designed to overcome these limitations. To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TransCon PTH, single and repeat s.c. dose studies were performed in rats and monkeys. TransCon PTH demonstrated a half-life of 28 and 34 hours in rats and monkeys, respectively. After repeated dosing, an infusion-like profile of the released PTH, characterized by low peak-to-trough levels, was obtained in both species. In intact rats and monkeys, daily subcutaneous administration of TransCon PTH was associated with increases in serum calcium (sCa) levels and decreases in serum phosphate levels (sP). In monkeys, at a single dose of TransCon PTH that increased sCa levels within the normal range, a concurrent decrease in uCa excretion was observed. In 4-week repeat-dose studies in intact rats and monkeys, uCa excretion was comparable to controls across all dose levels despite increases in sCa levels. Further, in a rat model of HP, TransCon PTH normalized sCa and sP levels 24 hours per day. This was in contrast to only transient trends toward normalization of sCa and sP levels with an up to 6-fold higher molar dose of PTH(1-84). After repeated dosing to HP rats, uCa excretion transiently increased, corresponding to increases in sCa above normal range, but at the end of the treatment period, uCa excretion was generally comparable to sham controls. TransCon PTH was well tolerated and the observed pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were in line with the expected action of physiological replacement of PTH. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Effect of sulphur on the rate of decarburization of molten iron (1973)

Iron melts, containing 1–3% C and up to 3% S, were decarburized by gaseous argon-oxygen, principally at 1450°C. Sulphur itself was not removed from the melt but its presence decreased the rate of decarburization. The retarding effect of sulphur was greatest in the range 0–0.3% S, and became less noticeable at higher contents. The main rate-determining step was mass transport of oxidant (principally CO2 near the gas-metal interface) in the gas phase, with a second step becoming important and observable as sulphur was added. The reaction which is retarded, due to occupation by sulphur of surface sites, may be the activated adsorption of CO2.The rate may level out at contents of S above 1% due to the direct adsorption of oxygen. Résumé Des bains de fer contenant jusqu'à 3% S et de 1 à 3% C ont été décarburés à 1,450°C par des mélanges argon-oxygène. Le soufre, tout en demeurant intouché, abaissait par sa présence le taux de décarburation. L'effet du soufre était le plus marqué pour des teneurs comprises entre 0 et 0.3% S et s'estompait à des teneurs plus élevées en soufre. L'étape cinétique dominante était le transport de l'espéce oxydante dans la phase gazeuse; une deuxième étape prenait de l'importance à mesure que la teneur en soufre augmentait. L'effet du soufre serait de ralentir l'adsorption activée du CO2 en occupant des sites à la surface du bain.La stabilisation du taux de décarburation à des teneurs en soufre supérieures à 1% serait due à l'adsorption directe de l'oxygène.
Postpartum acquired factor VIII inhibitors (2006)

The development of factor VIII autoantibodies is a rare but severe complication of pregnancy. Although the natural history of postpartum acquired hemophilia A is usually benign, with a high percentage of spontaneous remissions and a low mortality, its quick recognition is important to control bleeding episodes. Based on an analysis of the literature, this review presents the current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, natural history, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic management of postpartum acquired hemophilia A.
Neurohypophysial Vasopressin and Oxytocin as Influenced by (6<i>R</i>)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-<i>α</i>-Biopterin in Euhydrated and Dehydrated Rats (1992)

Experiments were performed to test a possible role of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-alpha-biopterin dihydrochloride (BH4) in the neurohypophysial vasopressin and oxytocin content in euhydrated and dehydrated rats. Chronic treatment with BH4, administered to not dehydrated animals, was followed by a significant decrease of neurohypophysial vasopressin, but not of neurohypophysial oxytocin. In dehydrated animals the neurohypophysial vasopressin content decreased progressively; this process was not affected significantly by BH4. In rats dehydrated and treated simultaneously with BH4 the decrease of neurohypophysial oxytocin content was distinctly less marked.
Molecular Cloning of Cellular Genes Encoding Retinoblastoma-Associated Proteins: Identification of a Gene with Properties of the Transcription Factor E2F (1992)

The retinoblastoma protein interacts with a number of cellular proteins to form complexes which are probably crucial for its normal physiological function. To identify these proteins, we isolated nine distinct clones by direct screening of cDNA expression libraries using purified RB protein as a probe. One of these clones, Ap12, is expressed predominantly at the G1-S boundary and in the S phase of the cell cycle. The nucleotide sequence of Ap12 has features characteristic of transcription factors. The C-terminal region binds to unphosphorylated RB in regions similar to those to which T antigen binds and contains a transactivation domain. A region containing a potential leucine zipper flanked by basic residues is able to bind an E2F recognition sequence specifically. Expression of Ap12 in mammalian cells significantly enhances E2F-dependent transcriptional activity. These results suggest that Ap12 encodes a protein with properties known to be characteristic of transcription factor E2F.
Simulation of a polarimetric random noise/spread spectrum radar for subsurface probing applications (2002)

A novel polarimetric ultra-wideband radar system operating in the 1-2 GHz frequency range for subsurface probing applications is currently under development at the University of Nebraska. Spread spectrum and random noise signals are being explored as possible modulation waveforms. Detection and localization of buried objects is accomplished by correlating the reflected waveform with a time-delayed replica of the transmitted waveform. Broadband dual-polarized log-periodic antennas are used for transmission and reception. A unique signal processing scheme is used to obtain the target's polarimetric amplitude and phase response by frequency translation of the ultra-wideband signal by a coherent 160 MHz phase-locked source. In addition, the radar system features high depth resolution, low bandwidth-duration product, as well as simplified signal processing. In this paper, the results of computer simulations of the radar system performance covering a wide range of modulation waveforms, soil moisture conditions, depth/orientation/type of buried objects are described and compared. The simulation studies confirm the ability of the proposed radar system to image and identify various types of buried objects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Insecticidal Properties of Black Pepper to Rice Weevils and Cowpea Weevils124 (1977)

Journal Article Insecticidal Properties of Black Pepper to Rice Weevils and Cowpea Weevils Get access Helen C. F. Su Helen C. F. Su Stored-Product Insects Research and Development Laboratory, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Savannah, GA 31403 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 70, Issue 1, 1 February 1977, Pages 18–21, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/70.1.18 Published: 01 February 1977 Article history Received: 03 June 1976 Published: 01 February 1977
An Image Processing System Based on Heterogeneous Embedded Multicore Processors (2014)

Video and Image processing applications are notably time consuming, especially for large number of small image files and huge video files. Cloud computing gives a new processing method for such requirement, but almost all of the cloud computing platforms are based on super computers. In this paper, we propose a new method for one big image file's and large number of small image files' processing based on MapReduce and give a new idea of constructing the cloud computing platform based on heterogeneous embedded multi-core processors. From the experiment results, it can be seen that the proposed method is feasible and after analysis, we find the problems of embedded cloud computing platform based on Hadoop with MapReduce, and conclude the future research direction.
Glucoraphanin Ameliorates Obesity and Insulin Resistance Through Adipose Tissue Browning and Reduction of Metabolic Endotoxemia in Mice (2017)

Low-grade sustained inflammation links obesity to insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, therapeutic approaches to improve systemic energy balance and chronic inflammation in obesity are limited. Pharmacological activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) alleviates obesity and insulin resistance in mice; however, Nrf2 inducers are not clinically available owing to safety concerns. Thus, we examined whether dietary glucoraphanin, a stable precursor of the Nrf2 inducer sulforaphane, ameliorates systemic energy balance, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and NAFLD in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Glucoraphanin supplementation attenuated weight gain, decreased hepatic steatosis, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed wild-type mice but not in HFD-fed Nrf2 knockout mice. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, glucoraphanin-treated HFD-fed mice had lower plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and decreased relative abundance of the gram-negative bacteria family Desulfovibrionaceae in their gut microbiomes. In HFD-fed mice, glucoraphanin increased energy expenditure and the protein expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) in inguinal and epididymal adipose depots. Additionally, in this group, glucoraphanin attenuated hepatic lipogenic gene expression, lipid peroxidation, classically activated M1-like macrophage accumulation, and inflammatory signaling pathways. By promoting fat browning, limiting metabolic endotoxemia-related chronic inflammation, and modulating redox stress, glucoraphanin may mitigate obesity, insulin resistance, and NAFLD.