gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic tool for the identification of <i>MLL</i> rearrangements including unknown partner genes (2004)

Approximately 50 different chromosomal translocations of the human MLL gene are currently known and associated with high-risk acute leukemia. The large number of different MLL translocation partner genes makes a precise diagnosis a demanding task. After their cytogenetic identification, only the most common MLL translocations are investigated by RT-PCR analyses, whereas infrequent or unknown MLL translocations are excluded from further analyses. Therefore, we aimed at establishing a method that enables the detection of any MLL rearrangement by using genomic DNA isolated from patient biopsy material. This goal was achieved by establishing a universal long-distance inverse-PCR approach that allows the identification of any kind of MLL rearrangement if located within the breakpoint cluster region. This method was applied to biopsy material derived from 40 leukemia patients known to carry MLL abnormalities. Thirty-six patients carried known MLL fusions (34 with der(11) and 2 with reciprocal alleles), whereas 3 patients were found to carry novel MLL fusions to ACACA, SELB, and SMAP1, respectively. One patient carried a genomic fusion between MLL and TIRAP, resulting from an interstitial deletion. Because of this interstitial deletion, portions of the MLL and TIRAP genes were deleted, together with 123 genes located within the 13-Mbp interval between both chromosomal loci. Therefore, this previously undescribed diagnostic tool has been proven successful for analyzing any MLL rearrangement including previously unrecognized partner genes. Furthermore, the determined patient-specific fusion sequences are useful for minimal residual disease monitoring of MLL associated acute leukemias.
Psychopathology in Verified Huntington’s Disease Gene Carriers (2007)

Huntington's disease is characterized by motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. This study reviews original research on psychopathology in Huntington's disease that uses standardized instruments in verified gene carriers. Frequently reported neuropsychiatric symptoms are depressed mood, anxiety, irritability, and apathy, with prevalences of 33% to 76%. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and psychosis occur less often with prevalences of 10% to 52% and 3% to 11%, respectively. Available research provides little insight into the true prevalences of psychopathology in Huntington's disease due to small sample sizes, use of different methodologies, and lack of comparison groups. Future research requires larger cohorts stratified to disease stage, consistent methodologies, and adequate comparison groups.
Feline Insular Amyloid: Incidence in Adult Cats with No Clinicopathologic Evidence of Overt Diabetes Mellitus (1981)

Pancreatic tissues from 93 adult domestic cats with no clinicopathologic evidence of overt diabetes mellitus were examined for islet amyloid. Amyloid deposits were found in the pancreatic islets of 44 cats. Approximately one-third of these deposits were not seen with HE, but subsequently were identified with Congo red stain. The proportion of islets with amyloid, the intra-islet location of amyloid, and the amount of amyloid in individual islets also were characterized. In this select population of adult cats, the presence or absence of islet amyloid was not linked significantly (p = > 0.05) to age, breed, sex or primary anatomic diagnosis. Results of this study indicate that: the incidence of islet amyloid in cats is higher than previously recognized; as in man, islet amyloid can occur in cats without concurrent overt diabetes mellitus; and islet amyloid should not be considered pathognomonic for diabetes mellitus.
<title>High-density interconnects for two-dimensional VCSEL arrays suitable for mass scale production</title> (2001)

Polymer waveguides provide cost effective interconnect solutions for high-volume applications required by the rapid growth in VCSEL array sizes and product demand. Multimode polymer waveguides 34-channels wide have been stacked in arrays 12-layers high with center-to-center waveguide spacing of 125 +/- 2 microns between layers and 90 +/- 2 microns within a layer. No measurable crosstalk between channels has been observed even when separation between multimode waveguides was reduced to a 4-micron gap. Flexible polymers provide an out-of-plane bend radius of less than 5 mm that simplifies VCSEL packaging requirements and volume. Transitioning the waveguide pitch within and between the polymer layers from 125 to 250 microns enables interface of high-density VCSEL arrays to standard fiber ribbons. Passive fiber pigtailing to 62.5/125 fibers was achieved with < 0.5 dB loss. Pigtailing can be avoided entirely by direct connectorization of the polymer waveguide arrays with industry standard MT connectors. Optical CrossLink's Guidelink polymer waveguide devices are made form sheets several hundred feet long. Waveguide's are formed using contact photolithography that requires no costly spin- coating, wet chemistry, embossing, modeling or etching techniques required by other planar waveguide fabrication processes. All required processes are suitable for automation with high-yield while at the same time drastically reducing the infrastructure required to produce devices. Currently, the equivalent of 100 six-inch wafers of planar waveguides can be produced in less than 2 days without automated machinery.
A recursive prediction error algorithm for identification of certain time-varying nonlinear systems (1999)

The tracking problem in identification of certain classes of time-varying nonlinear systems is addressed. In particular, a Hammerstein type system which consists of a nonlinear part, given on a state space description, followed by a time-varying linear part is considered. A recursive prediction error method, RPEM combined with a method for on-line adjustment of the forgetting factor is proposed. This algorithm does not require estimation of the statistics of the noise and the dynamics of the true system. It is shown how the proposed scheme can be used for identification of certain nonlinear time-varying acoustic echo paths. Thus, the suggested algorithm is applicable to for instance, conference telephony and mobile telephone handsfree.
ADAM-Integrin Interactions: Potential Integrin Regulated Ectodomain Shedding Activity (2005)

ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) are a family of cell surface proteins related to the Class III snake venom metalloproteases (SVMP). ADAMs are members of the Metazincin family which includes the matrix matalloproteases and the ADAMTS proteins. Unlike their snake venom relatives, ADAMs are expressed as transmembrane cell surface proteins. The domain structure of ADAMs suggests that these proteins posses both proteolytic and adhesive functions. Several members of the ADAM protein family have been shown to be involved in ectodomain shedding of many important cell surface proteins resulting in the release of biologically active soluble factors. The carboxyl-terminal domains, especially the disintegrin-like domain of ADAMs, have been demonstrated to support cell adhesion. The disintegrin-like domains of many ADAMs are capable of acting as integrin ligands. Integrins known to interact with ADAM disintegrin-like domains include alpha4beta1, alpha4beta7, alpha5beta1, alpha6beta1, alpha9beta1, alphavbeta3, and alphavbeta5. This integrin mediated interaction of the disintegrin-like domains with the cell surface suggests that ADAMs may function as cellular counter receptors. In this review we discuss the individual functions ascribed to members of the ADAM family especially those related to integrin interactions and the potential for integrin mediated regulation of ectodomain shedding.
Secretion of glucose in human parotid saliva after carbohydrate intake (1988)

The aims of the present investigation were, first, to follow the secretion of free glucose in parotid saliva in various subjects after a single oral intake of different carbohydrates, and second, to compare the salivary glucose concentration with the concentration in blood. Twenty healthy subjects, three women and 17 men, 20-35 yr of age, participated. They were asked not to eat or drink anything from 10 p.m. the night before the examination. 75 g of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, or sucrose) dissolved in 300 ml water was ingested the next morning at 8 a.m. One experimental series with glucose was performed in triplicate in 10 of the subjects. Approximately 1.5 ml of citric acid-stimulated parotid saliva was collected before (0 min) and 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min after the intake. Salivary concentration of glucose was analyzed enzymatically. Most of the 0-min samples showed a variation in glucose concentration from 5 to 25 mumol/l. After the glucose, fructose, and sucrose intakes, the salivary glucose level increased about 2-4 times, especially in the 30-min samples. A large inter- as well as intra-individual variation was found both in the 0-min samples and in the samples collected after the different intakes. The correlation between the glucose concentration in saliva and blood was higher after than before the carbohydrate intakes.
Identification of cardiac myofilament protein isoforms using multiple mass spectrometry based approaches (2014)

We have identified multiple isoforms of myofilament proteins that are present in cardiac tissue using unique tryptic peptides. Changes in distribution of these protein isoforms under pathological conditions could ultimately allow for clinical diagnostics or as therapeutic targets.
Design criteria for detent force reduction of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with Halbach array (2003)

Summary form only given. This paper presents the design criteria for the detent force reduction of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) with Halbach array. There are three approaches to improve the power efficiency of short PM pole-type LSMs: (1) the comparison of the magnetic field and forces of two types of PMLSM-a PMLSM with a Halbach array (HA-PMLSM) and a PMLSM with a conventional array (CA-PMLSM); (2) the determination of PM length/slot pitch of the two types with minimum detent force; and (3) the comparison of the force performance of two types with the minimum detent force.
Copper‐64‐Alloyed Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Imaging: Improved Radiolabel Stability and Diagnostic Accuracy (2013)

Abstract Gold nanoparticles, especially positron‐emitter‐ labeled gold nanostructures, have gained steadily increasing attention in biomedical applications. Of the radionuclides used for nanoparticle positron emission tomography imaging, radiometals such as 64 Cu have been widely employed. Currently, radiolabeling through macrocyclic chelators is the most commonly used strategy. However, the radiolabel stability may be a limiting factor for further translational research. We report the integration of 64 Cu into the structures of gold nanoparticles. With this approach, the specific radioactivity of the alloyed gold nanoparticles could be freely and precisely controlled by the addition of the precursor 64 CuCl 2 to afford sensitive detection. The direct incorporation of 64 Cu into the lattice of the gold nanoparticle structure ensured the radiolabel stability for accurate localization in vivo. The superior pharmacokinetic and positron emission tomography imaging capabilities demonstrate high passive tumor targeting and contrast ratios in a mouse breast cancer model, as well as the great potential of this unique alloyed nanostructure for preclinical and translational imaging.
Regulation of human EGF receptor by lipids (2011)

The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a key representative of tyrosine kinase receptors, ubiquitous actors in cell signaling, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Although the receptor is well-studied, a central issue remains: How does the compositional diversity and functional diversity of the surrounding membrane modulate receptor function? Reconstituting human EGFR into proteoliposomes of well-defined and controlled lipid compositions represents a minimal synthetic approach to systematically address this question. We show that lipid composition has little effect on ligand-binding properties of the EGFR but rather exerts a profound regulatory effect on kinase domain activation. Here, the ganglioside GM3 but not other related lipids strongly inhibited the autophosphorylation of the EGFR kinase domain. This inhibitory action of GM3 was only seen in liposomes compositionally poised to phase separate into coexisting liquid domains. The inhibition by GM3 was released by either removing the neuraminic acid of the GM3 headgroup or by mutating a membrane proximal lysine of EGFR (K642G). Our results demonstrate that GM3 exhibits the potential to regulate the allosteric structural transition from inactive to a signaling EGFR dimer, by preventing the autophosphorylation of the intracellular kinase domain in response to ligand binding.
3DMV: Joint 3D-Multi-View Prediction for 3D Semantic Scene Segmentation (2018)

We present 3DMV, a novel method for 3D semantic scene segmentation of RGB-D scans in indoor environments using a joint 3D-multi-view prediction network. In contrast to existing methods that either use geometry or RGB data as input for this task, we combine both data modalities in a joint, end-to-end network architecture. Rather than simply projecting color data into a volumetric grid and operating solely in 3D -- which would result in insufficient detail -- we first extract feature maps from associated RGB images. These features are then mapped into the volumetric feature grid of a 3D network using a differentiable backprojection layer. Since our target is 3D scanning scenarios with possibly many frames, we use a multi-view pooling approach in order to handle a varying number of RGB input views. This learned combination of RGB and geometric features with our joint 2D-3D architecture achieves significantly better results than existing baselines. For instance, our final result on the ScanNet 3D segmentation benchmark increases from 52.8\% to 75\% accuracy compared to existing volumetric architectures.
리브 보강된 SC구조 벽-바닥 접합부의 거동 및 내력 평가 (2014)

강판콘크리트(SC)구조 벽-바닥접합부는 표면 강판에 의해 콘크리트가 나뉘게 되며 이 때문에 바닥 단부의 응력 전달기구가 RC구조의 것과 다를 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 리브가 부착된 SC구조 벽-바닥 실험체의 거동 및 내력평가를 수행하였다. 리브가 부착된 SC벽바닥 접합부의 접합성능을 확인하기위하여 7가지의 접합부 모형을 제작하고 단조 가력실험을 수행하여 구조내력 및 거동특성을 실험결과분석을 통해 고찰하였다. 제안식의 신뢰성을 확보하기위해 유한요소 해석을 수행하였다. 실험체 변수로는 가력지점, 마찰계수이며 이들의 영향에 대해 검토되었다. 실험체 파괴모드 분석을 통해 접합부 내력을 확인하였다. 제안식은 대부분 보수적인 값으로 확인되었다.
Serum levels of pregnancy-associated endometrial α-globulin ( α-PEG) during normal menstrual and combined oral contraceptive cycles and relationship to immunohistologiacl localization (1989)

Serum levels of pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha 2-globulin (alpha 2-PEG), the major secretory protein of the endometrium during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy, were measured serially during normal menstrual cycles and in women taking various combined oral contraceptives. Pill users were also sampled on an individual basis. Endometrium from women taking the combined oral contraceptive was examined immunohistochemically using a monoclonal antibody to alpha 2-PEG. Levels of alpha 2-PEG in the menstrual cycle sera showed consistent changes following the luteinizing hormone peak, with a greater than three-fold increase between basal levels at mid-cycle and those in the late luteal phase. Serum levels of alpha 2-PEG in the pill users remained at basal levels throughout the cycle, regardless of the progestagen in the formulation. This finding was noted in serial and individual samples from both monophasic and triphasic preparations. However, there was evidence of induction of alpha 2-PEG production at the local endometrial level when immunohistochemical staining was employed at various stages of the pill cycle. This suggests that serum levels of alpha 2-PEG may not necessarily reflect local endometrial production of the protein. These observations are discussed with reference to the proposed value of serum measurement of this protein in assessing relative progestagenic activity upon the endometrium.
Dissolution of cholesterol gallstones in mice by the oral administration of a fatty acid bile acid conjugate (2002)

Gallstones, mostly cholesterol stones, affect some 15% of the population. Oral bile salts dissolve human cholesterol gallstones, but with low efficacy, and surgery remains the main therapeutic option. Fatty acid bile acid conjugates (FABACs) were shown to prevent formation of cholesterol gallstones in experimental animals. The aim of this study was to test whether these compounds could dissolve preexisting cholesterol gallstones via oral administration. Inbred, gallstone-susceptible C57J/L mice were given a lithogenic diet for 2 months, and the presence of gallstones was ascertained. The mice were then switched to a regular diet while part of them were given in addition C20-FABAC, by gavage, at a dose of 0.5 or 3 mg per animal per day. All mice tested had cholesterol gallstones after 2 months on the lithogenic diet. In study I, after 2 months on the regular diet, 3 of 4 (75%) of the controls had gallstones, whereas none of the 6 FABAC-fed animals (3 mg/d) had stones (P =.033). In study II, evaluating 2 FABAC doses, after 2 months on the regular diet, 8 of 8 (100%) of the controls had gallstones, which were found in 2 of 7 (28%) and 1 of 8 (12%) of the mice supplemented with 0.5 mg/d (P =.007) or 3 mg/d (P =.001) FABAC, respectively. On a molar basis, the dose of 0.5 mg FABAC is equivalent to 14 mg/kg/d of a bile acid. In conclusion, FABACs given orally can dissolve preexisting cholesterol gallstones in mice. This was accomplished with a dose of FABAC equivalent to the dose of bile acids used in human gallstone dissolution.
Video Surveillance Framework for Crime Prevention and Event Indexing. (2008)

Abstract. The paper will present a video surveillance and event detection and annotation framework for semi-supervised surveillance use. The system is intended to be used in automatic mode on camera feeds that are not actively watched by surveillance personnel, raising alarms and enrolling annotation data when unusual events occur. We present the current detector filters, and the easily extendable modular interface. Current filters include local and global unusual motion detectors, left object detector, motion detector, tampering/failure detector, etc. The system stores the events and associated data, which can be organized, searched, annotated and (re)viewed. It has been tested in real life situation for police street surveillance, and we are working towards developing a deployable version. 1
Modeling of Fano Resonance in High-Contrast Resonant Grating Structures (2014)

A new model is presented for Fano resonance in resonant grating structure based on the temporal coupled mode theory. By using this model, the reflection spectrum can be reproduced with the information of eigenmode of the structure, which can be numerically calculated by the finite element method. Therefore, the eigenmode plays a key role in determining the profile of the line shape of the Fano resonance in the resonant grating structure. When the space of two grating modulations is decreased, the line shape experiences a significant change. Such a drastic change can be attributed to the increase of quality factor of the eigenmodes. Thus, our model not only provides a simple and intuitive understanding on the mechanism of Fano resonance, but it also offers a convenient way to engineer the line shape of the Fano resonance. The proposed model can be used in many applications, such as biosensors, optical filters, and optical switchers.
Techniques for precision-based visual analysis of projected data (2009)

The analysis of high-dimensional data is an important, yet inherently difficult problem. Projection techniques such as PCA, MDS, and SOM can be used to map high-dimensional data to 2D display space. However, projections typically incur a loss in information. Often uncertainty exists regarding the precision of the projection as compared with its original data characteristics. While the output quality of these projection techniques can be discussed in terms of algorithmic assessment, visualization is often helpful for better understanding the results. We address the visual assessment of projection precision by an approach integrating an appropriately designed projection precision measure directly into the projection visualization. To this end, a flexible projection precision measure is defined that allows the user to balance the degree of locality at which the measure is evaluated. Several visual mappings are designed for integrating the precision measure into the projection visualization at various levels of abstraction. The techniques are implemented in a fully interactive system which is practically applied on several data sets. We demonstrate the usefulness of the approach for visual analysis of classified and clustered high-dimensional data sets. We thereby show how our novel interactive precision quality visualization system helps to examine preservation of closeness of the data in original space into the low-dimensional space.
Segmenting simply connected moving objects in a static scene (1994)

A new segmentation algorithm is derived, based on an object-background probability estimate exploiting the experimental fact that the statistics of local image derivatives show a Laplacian distribution. The objects' simple connectedness is included directly into the probability estimate and leads to an iterative optimization approach that can be implemented efficiently. This new approach avoids early thresholding, explicit edge detection, motion analysis, and grouping.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>