gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inductive crosstalk between integrated passive components in RF-wireless modules (2002)

We show an example design of a cellular telephone that demonstrates the marked contrast between passive component usage in its base-band and radio sections. We discuss the performance demands that applications like these place on passive components and how these demands relate to the technology used to build the components. Recently, we have demonstrated and reported on the use of silicon-on-silicon thin film modules to integrate the tank resonator circuit of the 1 GHz UHF VCO in a GSM transceiver. We discuss some of the ways that these results can be extended to take further advantage of component integration. A unique characteristic of modules used in RF applications is the integration of thin-film spiral inductors. One of the concerns in the tight integration of these components is crosstalk arising from mutual inductive coupling between components. We have calculated the mutual inductive coupling between spiral inductors, with and without ground planes, and present representative examples from typical module designs.
Fourfold Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reactions on Tetrahedral Methane and Adamantane Derivatives (2011)

Abstract An efficient way to generate a series of rigid tetrahedral organic building units from common methane and adamantane precursors is presented. Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions are used to effectively generate these shape‐persistent molecular tectons. Especially theSonogashira reactions employing the readily available tetrahedral alkynes and commercial iodides and bromides are very effective.
The purification, characterization, serological activity and hepatotoxic properties of two cationic glycoproteins (α<sub>1</sub>and ω<sub>1</sub>) from<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>eggs (1991)

T cell-deprived mice acutely infected with S. mansoni suffer microvesicular hepatocyte damage which is not seen in infected, immunological intact animals. A cationic fraction (CEF6) of the PBS-soluble portion of S. mansoni eggs (SEA) induces antibodies which, on passive transfer, prevent hepatocyte damage. CEF6 contains 2 antigens, omega 1 and alpha 1, and has also been shown to be a useful serodiagnostic reagent. This paper describes the purification and characterization of the 2 antigens present in CEF6. omega 1 is a monomeric glycoprotein with a pI greater than 9.0 and a molecular weight of 31 kDa. Alpha 1 consists of two immunologically cross-reactive dimers, 41 and 36 kDa in non-reducing conditions, each of which consists of one unique and one common glycoprotein subcomponent. In ELISA with mouse and human infection sera omega 1 is shown to be S. mansoni specific and is better able to distinguish S. mansoni infections from other schistosome infections than are unfractionated SEA, CEF6 or alpha 1. Passive transfer of monospecific anti-omega 1 sera into S. mansoni infected, T cell-deprived mice completely prevented the occurrence of microvesicular hepatocyte damage in these animals. Monospecific anti-alpha 1 serum had no hepatoprotective capacity.
Tioconazole nail solution-an open study of its efficacy in onychomycosis (1985)

In view of the problems encountered in the treatment of onychomycosis with orally administered antifungal drugs, alternative forms of therapy arc needed. Tioconazole (28%) nail solution is a new topical preparation for use on infected nails. In this study 27 patients received treatment with tioconazole (28%) for up to 12 months. Six patients (22%) achieved complete clinical remission and were free of infection at follow‐up, 3 months after therapy. They included infections caused by Trichophyton rubruni (4), Hendersonula toruloidea (1) and Acremonium (1). Apart from the latter, all infections responding to treatment were in the finger nails, even though three patients had active infection in the toe nails as well which did not respond to therapy. Significant improvements were recorded in a further 11 patients. They did not, however, achieve complete clinical and mycological recovery. The results indicate that cures of onychomycosis are possible after topical therapy, and further methods of using this form of treatment such as combined surgical and topical therapy are discussed.
Rapid Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis in Microtiter Plates for In Situ Screening: Discovery of Potent and Selective α‐Fucosidase Inhibitors (2003)

An efficient and simple method has been developed to identify potent and selective inhibitors against α-fucosidases based on the amide-forming reaction in a microtiter plate of a fuconojirimycin core with various carboxylic acids, followed by a direct inhibition assay without product isolation. The structures of the two most potent inhibitors are shown.
Transcriptional regulation of the operon encoding stress-responsive ECF sigma factor SigH and its anti-sigma factor RshA, and control of its regulatory network in Corynebacterium glutamicum (2012)

The rshA gene codes for an anti-sigma factor controlling the function of the stress-responsive sigma factor SigH in C. glutamicum. Transcription of rshA from a SigH-dependent promoter may serve to quickly shutdown the SigH-dependent stress response after the cells have overcome the stress condition. Here we propose a model of the regulation of oxidative and heat stress response including redox homeostasis by SigH, RshA and the thioredoxin system.
Occupational asbestos exposure and digestive cancers – a cohort study (2009)

Summary Background Although the role of asbestos in the genesis of mesothelioma and primary bronchopulmonary cancers has been established, results from studies focusing on the relationship between occupational exposure to asbestos and digestive cancer remain contradictory. Aim To determine whether occupational asbestos exposure increases the incidence of digestive cancers. Methods Our study was a retrospective morbidity study based on 2024 subjects occupationally exposed to asbestos. The incidence of digestive cancer was calculated from 1st January 1978 to 31st December 2004 and compared with levels among the local general population using Standardized Incidence Ratios. Asbestos exposure was assessed using the company’s job exposure matrix. Results Eighty‐five cases of digestive cancer were observed within our cohort, for an expected number of 66.90 (SIR = 1.27 [1.01; 1.57]). A significantly elevated incidence, particularly notable among women, was observed for peritoneal mesothelioma, independently of exposure levels. A significantly elevated incidence was also noted among men for cancer of small intestine and oesophagus, for cumulative exposure indexes for asbestos above 80 fibres/mL × years. A significantly elevated incidence of cancer of the small intestine was also observed among men having been exposed to asbestos for periods in excess of 25 years and for mean exposure levels in excess of 4 fibres/mL. Conclusions This study suggests the existence of a relationship between exposure to asbestos and cancer of the small intestine and of the oesophagus in men.
Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic Nucleic Acids (2014)

The innate immune system utilizes pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect the invasion of pathogens and initiate host antimicrobial responses such as the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Nucleic acids, which are essential genetic information carriers for all living organisms including viral, bacterial, and eukaryotic pathogens, are major structures detected by the innate immune system. However, inappropriate detection of self nucleic acids can result in autoimmune diseases. PRRs that recognize nucleic acids in cells include several endosomal members of the Toll-like receptor family and several cytosolic sensors for DNA and RNA. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the mechanism of nucleic acid sensing and signaling in the cytosol of mammalian cells as well as the emerging role of cytosolic nucleic acids in autoimmunity.
Photosensitized chemiluminescence of luminol, 6-aminophthalazine-1,4(2H,3H)-dione (1969)

K. Kuschnir and T. Kuwana, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 193 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000193
Intercontinental Spread of a Multidrug-Resistant MethicillinResistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Clone (1998)

Two hundred ten methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered between 1990 and 1997 from three Portuguese hospitals located in Lisbon and Oporto were analyzed by molecular fingerprinting techniques. The hybridization of ClaI restriction digests with the mecA- and Tn554-specific DNA probes combined with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis documented the abrupt appearance and extensive intrahospital spread of the Brazilian epidemic MRSA clone in the 1995 samples of each one of the three hospitals analyzed-suggesting the intercontinental transfer of this strain from Brazil to Portugal. The appearance of this clone may challenge the dominance of another highly epidemic imported clone-the Iberian MRSA, currently the most widely spread MRSA clone in Portuguese hospitals.
Plasma Treatment Process for Palladium Chemisorption onto Polymers before Electroless Deposition (1996)

Before electroless plating, polymer surfaces must be sensitized and/or activated by using either the conventional two‐step or one‐step process. The latter stage is a compulsory one to make such surfaces catalytic, e.g., for Ni‐P deposition. These processes are performed here using , or plasma pretreatments. Reaction mechanisms are proposed for each of the processes and for each type of surface considered (oxygenated or both oxygenated and nitrogenated by the plasma treatment). Direct palladium chemisorption onto nitrogenated groups is highlighted. This allows one to simplify the process making the surface catalytic via elimination of the use of and to extend the method to any polymer. An additional interest of the plasma treatments, besides their high efficiency in grafting chemical functions, is to perform this grafting at will on selected areas which results in selective metallization.
Monophasic electrical stimulation produces high rates of adverse skin reactions in healthy subjects (2010)

Monophasic pulsed electrical stimulation (PES) has been reported to improve pain and function in osteoarthritis of the knee with few side effects. This use of monophasic current is contrary to conventional thinking where it is often associated with adverse skin reactions. The objectives of this study were to compare the rates of adverse skin reactions, using independently developed subsensory monophasic PES in healthy subjects, with those described in previous studies and compare the rate of adverse skin reactions after using the monophasic PES with that after using the same shaped electrical waveform that is asymmetrically biphasic. Healthy subjects (n=25) with no contraindications to electrical stimulation were administered subsensory, monophasic, and biphasic PES sequentially to the knee region for approximately 10 minutes each. Stimulation intensities; duration of stimulation; description of sensation reported; skin condition after intervention; and duration of skin reaction were all recorded. Fifty-two percent of subjects experienced adverse skin reactions using monophasic PES. This was significantly different from the reported rates in three of the four previous studies (p<0.04). Only one subject (4%) using the biphasic current demonstrated an adverse skin reaction. Results support the caution advised in the electrotherapy literature when using monophasic electrical stimulation.
Earmuff comfort. (2010)

Hearing protectors must be efficient both in terms of noise attenuation and in comfortability of wearing. The purpose of this paper is to review publications related to earmuff comfort, most of which are based on the measurement of the total headband force and subjective evaluation using questionnaires. Most of the published results show a weak correlation between total headband force and subjective evaluation. This paper presents new quantitative indices based on comfort parameters, mainly measurements of the contact pressure distribution between the earmuff cushions or headphones and the circumaural flesh of the human head. The comfort parameters were investigated and equations were developed to calculate comfort indices. The calculated indices are correlated with subjective evaluations. Measurement results show good correlation with subjective evaluation.
Polyphenols Stimulate AMP-Activated Protein Kinase, Lower Lipids, and Inhibit Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Diabetic LDL Receptor–Deficient Mice (2006)

Because polyphenols may have beneficial effects on dyslipidemia, which accelerates atherosclerosis in diabetes, we examined the effect of polyphenols on hepatocellular AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and lipid levels, as well as hyperlipidemia and atherogenesis in type 1 diabetic LDL receptor-deficient mice (DMLDLR(-/-)). In HepG2 hepatocytes, polyphenols, including resveratrol (a major polyphenol in red wine), apigenin, and S17834 (a synthetic polyphenol), increased phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and they increased activity of AMPK with 200 times the potency of metformin. The polyphenols also prevented the lipid accumulation that occurred in HepG2 cells exposed to high glucose, and their ability to do so was mimicked and abrogated, respectively, by overexpression of constitutively active and dominant-negative AMPK mutants. Furthermore, treatment of DMLDLR(-/-) mice with S17834 prevented the decrease in AMPK and ACC phosphorylation and the lipid accumulation in the liver, and it also inhibited hyperlipidemia and the acceleration of aortic lesion development. These studies 1) reveal that inactivation of hepatic AMPK is a key event in the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia in diabetes, 2) point to a novel mechanism of action of polyphenols to lower lipids by activating AMPK, and 3) emphasize a new therapeutic avenue to benefit hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis specifically in diabetes via activating AMPK.
First heterodyne receiver frontend module including a polarization diversity receiver OEIC on InP (1995)

For the first time a packaged polarization diversity coherent receiver OEIC including detector units (photodetectors, JFET, load resistor) has been fabricated with the following data: waveguide loss 2 dB, 3 dB balance within 0.4 dB, polarization extinction >30 dB (TM) and >17 dB (TE), 3 dB cutoff frequency of 0.9 GHz, common mode rejection ratio 30 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fabrication of Quasi-Phase-Matching Structure during Paraelectric Borate Crystal Growth (2013)

We report an unconventional approach to produce a periodically twinned crystal of a non-ferroelectric material that can function as a quasi-phase matching (QPM) device. A twin boundary control method was developed based on the twin boundary formation mechanism during crystallization, and a periodically twinned QPM structure was realized in a non-ferroelectric lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7; LB4) crystal. It was demonstrated that the periodically twinned LB4 crystal can function as a QPM device, and the second-harmonic generation (SHG) light of a Nd:YAG laser was observed.
[Modification of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene excretions]. (2011)

Urinary 1-OHP concentrations can be modified by GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms, indicating that these genes are involved in the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
A Query Formulation Language for the Data Web (2011)

We present a query formulation language (called MashQL) in order to easily query and fuse structured data on the web. The main novelty of MashQL is that it allows people with limited IT skills to explore and query one (or multiple) data sources without prior knowledge about the schema, structure, vocabulary, or any technical details of these sources. More importantly, to be robust and cover most cases in practice, we do not assume that a data source should have - an offline or inline - schema. This poses several language-design and performance complexities that we fundamentally tackle. To illustrate the query formulation power of MashQL, and without loss of generality, we chose the Data web scenario. We also chose querying RDF, as it is the most primitive data model; hence, MashQL can be similarly used for querying relational databases and XML. We present two implementations of MashQL, an online mashup editor, and a Firefox add on. The former illustrates how MashQL can be used to query and mash up the Data web as simple as filtering and piping web feeds; and the Firefox add on illustrates using the browser as a web composer rather than only a navigator. To end, we evaluate MashQL on querying two data sets, DBLP and DBPedia, and show that our indexing techniques allow instant user interaction.
Abstract C191: Efficacy of novel IRAK4 inhibitors in ABC-DLBCL and AML models (2015)

Abstract Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinases (IRAKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases belonging to tyrosine-like kinase (TLK) family. The IRAK family consists of IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3 and IRAK4 out of which only IRAK1 and IRAK4 exhibit kinase activity. IRAKs function as mediators of Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling pathways and play an important role in innate immune signaling. Recent studies have reported the occurrence of oncogenic mutations in MYD88 in 30% of activated B cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC DLBCL) and 90% of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) leading to constitutive activation of the IRAK4 and NFkB pathway. Recent studies have also highlighted the association of dysregulated innate immune signaling with Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and Acute Myeloid leukaemia (AML). TLRs and their associated signal transducers are frequently overexpressed and/or constitutively activated in MDS. Overexpression and activation of IRAK1 is observed in AML. Thus IRAKs are attractive therapeutic targets for treatment of tumors with altered innate immune signaling such as ABC DLBCL and AML. We have designed, synthesized and tested small molecule inhibitors of IRAK4 based on hits originating from Aurigene's compound library. We have identified a series of novel bicyclic heterocycles as potent inhibitors of IRAK-4 with moderate to very high selectivity (S35 score = 0.03) in a 329 kinase panel. Lead compounds were profiled in proliferation and mechanistic assays (p-IRAK1 and p-TAK1 inhibition) in appropriate ABC DLBCL/AML cell lines. Aurigene lead compounds demonstrate potent inhibition of cellular proliferation with a good correlation to inhibition of phosphorylation of signaling intermediates in mechanistic assays. Lead compounds exhibit excellent PK profile and good oral bioavailability in mice. Preliminary in-vitro toxicology studies indicate a clean safety profile. Selected compounds demonstrate excellent in-vivo efficacy in relevant tumor models with &gt;90% tumor growth inhibition and good in-vivo PD modulation. In summary, a series of potent and selective IRAK4 inhibitors have been discovered and are being evaluated for treatment of cancers with dysregulated innate immune signaling. Citation Format: Venkateshwar Rao, Wesley Roy Balasubramanian, Kavitha Nellore, Sivapriya Marappan, Aravind Basavaraju, Bharathi Raja Ainan, Girish Daginakatte, Sreevalsam Gopinath, Sanjeev Giri, Thomas Antony, Shekar Chelur, Susanta Samajdar, Chetan Pandit, Murali Ramachandra. Efficacy of novel IRAK4 inhibitors in ABC-DLBCL and AML models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C191.
MtrA of the sodium ion pumping methyltransferase binds cobalamin in a unique mode (2016)

In the three domains of life, vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is primarily used in methyltransferase and isomerase reactions. The methyltransferase complex MtrA-H of methanogenic archaea has a key function in energy conservation by catalysing the methyl transfer from methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin to coenzyme M and its coupling with sodium-ion translocation. The cobalamin-binding subunit MtrA is not homologous to any known B12-binding proteins and is proposed as the motor of the sodium-ion pump. Here, we present crystal structures of the soluble domain of the membrane-associated MtrA from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii and the cytoplasmic MtrA homologue/cobalamin complex from Methanothermus fervidus. The MtrA fold corresponds to the Rossmann-type α/β fold, which is also found in many cobalamin-containing proteins. Surprisingly, the cobalamin-binding site of MtrA differed greatly from all the other cobalamin-binding sites. Nevertheless, the hydrogen-bond linkage at the lower axial-ligand site of cobalt was equivalently constructed to that found in other methyltransferases and mutases. A distinct polypeptide segment fixed through the hydrogen-bond linkage in the relaxed Co(III) state might be involved in propagating the energy released upon corrinoid demethylation to the sodium-translocation site by a conformational change.
Temporal Trends in the Use and Comparative Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Agents Versus Warfarin for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Canadian Population‐Based Study (2017)

In a real-world population-based study of patients with incident AF, anticoagulation with DOACs was associated with decreased risk of stroke and death compared with warfarin. Despite a rapid uptake of DOACs in clinical practice, the total proportion of AF patients on anticoagulation has remained stable, even in high-risk patients.
Evidence Relating Cessation of Respiration, Cell Envelope Changes, and Death in Ultraviolet-Irradiated <i>Escherichia coli</i> B/r Cells (1974)

Ionic and nonionic detergents have little effect on respiring bacteria, but in cultures poisoned with KCN rapid solubilization of the cell membrane, as indicated by turbidity losses, takes place. Ultraviolet radiations cause Escherichia coli cells grown in minimal medium with glycerol as a carbon source to cease respiring and growing about 1 h after irradiation. We tested the effect of the nonionic detergent Triton X-100 on growth and cell membrane dissolution (both measured by turbidity changes), respiration, and viability of unirradiated and irradiated E. coli B/r cells. When the detergent was added to cells immediately after irradiation, a decrease in turbidity occurred only when respiration was about to cease; when it was added after cessation of respiration, the turbidity loss was immediate. In both cases the turbidity loss was about 60%, and disintegration of the cell walls did not take place. 5-Fluorouracil (FU) and thermal (42 C) treatments cause respiration of irradiated cells to be maintained and also cause viability increases. Irradiated cells treated with FU and detergent show no turbidity loss just prior to the time respiration normally ceases, but a loss does occur in irradiated cells incubated with detergent at 42 C. We conclude that FU maintains respiration for all of the cells, but that thermal treatment maintains respiration for only part of the cells. In all cases the detergent had only a negligible effect on the respiration and viability of unirradiated and irradiated cells. We conclude that Triton X-100 causes solubilization of cell membranes of only nonrespiring cells that are not destined to survive.