gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of soil applied L‐tryptophan on growth and chemical composition of cotton (1995)

Abstract Addition of L‐tryptophan (L‐TRP) to soil can have an ecological impact on the growth and development of some plants through its catabolism into auxins by rhizosphere microflora. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the influence of L‐TRP on growth and chemical composition of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Seven L‐TRP levels (10‐7 to 10‐1 g/kg soil) were applied as a soil drench in addition to a control. Data obtained revealed that specific growth parameters were significantly promoted, such as plant height (27.3%), dry weights of shoot (45.7%) and root (35.8%), biomass (43.3%), and number of branches (37.5%), flowers (63.3%) and bolls per plant (22.4%) in response to L‐TRP treatments. Similarly, the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations in plant tissues and their uptake were also significantly affected by the exogenous application of L‐TRP. Significant linear or quadratic dose‐response relationships were found when root mass, branches, flowers, bolls, and NPK concentrations in plant tissues and their uptake, were regressed against log[L‐TRP] excluding the control. The effects of L‐TRP could be most likely attributed to its conversion into auxins by the rhizosphere microflora upon direct uptake by plant; however, other mechanisms such as direct uptake of L‐TRP by plant roots with subsequent auxin production within plant tissues or a change in the balance of rhizosphere microflora affecting plant growth cannot be excluded.
Golden Mandarin (I)-A real-time Mandarin speech dictation machine for Chinese language with very large vocabulary (1993)

The first successfully implemented real-time Mandarin dictation machine, which recognizes Mandarin speech with very large vocabulary and almost unlimited texts for the input of Chinese characters into computers, is described. The machine is speaker-dependent, and the input speech is in the form of sequences of isolated syllables. The machine can be decomposed into two subsystems. The first subsystem recognizes the syllables using hidden Markov models. Because every syllable can represent many different homonym characters and form different multisyllabic words with syllables on its right or left, the second subsystem is needed to identify the exact characters from the syllables and correct the errors in syllable recognition. The real-time implementation is on an IBM PC/AT, connected to three sets of specially designed hardware boards on which seven TMS 320C25 chips operate in parallel. The preliminary test results indicate that it takes only about 0.45 s to dictate a syllable (or character) with an accuracy on the order of 90%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Speciality interests and career calling to medicine among first-year medical students (2013)

The construct of calling has recently been applied to the vocation of medicine. We explored whether medical students endorse the presence of a calling or a search for a calling and how calling related to initial speciality interest. 574 first-year medical students (84 % response rate) were administered the Brief Calling Survey and indicated their speciality interest. For presence of a calling, the median response was mostly true for: 'I have a calling to a particular kind of work' and moderately true for: 'I have a good understanding of my calling as it applies to my career'. For search for a calling, median response was mildly true: 'I am trying to figure out my calling in my career' and 'I am searching for my calling as it applies to my career'. Mann-Whitney U (p < 0.05) results indicate that students interested in primary care (n = 185) versus non-primary care (n = 389) are more likely to endorse the presence of a calling. Students were more likely to endorse the presence of a calling rather than a search for a calling, with those interested in primary care expressing stronger presence of a calling to medicine.
Reversal of Fluconazole Resistance by Sulfated Sterols from the Marine Sponge <i>Topsentia</i> sp. (2009)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract of Topsentia sp. led to the identification of two new sulfated sterols, geodisterol-3-O-sulfite (1) and 29-demethylgeodisterol-3-O-sulfite (2), the active constituents reversing efflux pump-mediated fluconazole resistance. Both compounds enhanced the activity of fluconazole in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain overexpressing the Candida albicans efflux pump MDR1, as well as in a fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate known to overexpress MDR1. These results provide insight into the clinical utility of combining efflux pump inhibitors with current antifungals to combat the resistance associated with opportunistic fungal infections caused by C. albicans.
Tagged probabilistic simulation provides accurate and efficient power estimates at gate level (2002)

In this paper we summarize the techniques employed in tagged probabilistic simulation (TPS) to perform gate level power estimation. A prominent feature of TPS is the use of tagged probability waveforms to provide a more compact, yet detailed, waveform representation. This helps resolve several important shortcomings of conventional probabilistic simulation techniques in which the logical waveforms of each node are represented by a single probability waveform. Experimental results show that TPS can provide accuracy levels of 10-15% compared to circuit simulation in dynamic power estimation with run times orders of magnitude faster.
Sparsity-Driven Micro-Doppler Feature Extraction for Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition (2017)

In this paper, a sparsity-driven method of micro-Doppler analysis is proposed for dynamic hand gesture recognition with radar sensors. First, sparse representations of the echoes reflected from dynamic hand gestures are achieved through the Gaussian-windowed Fourier dictionary. Second, the micro-Doppler features of dynamic hand gestures are extracted using the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm. Finally, the nearest neighbor classifier is combined with the modified Hausdorff distance to recognize dynamic hand gestures based on the sparse micro-Doppler features. Experiments with real radar data show that the recognition accuracy produced by the proposed method exceeds 96% under moderate noise, and the proposed method outperforms the approaches based on principal component analysis and deep convolutional neural network with small training dataset.
Pancreatic Expression and Secretion of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in a Transgenic Mouse (1994)

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is a secretory product of the pancreatic beta-cell, which is the primary constituent of the islet amyloid that develops in type II diabetes. To study the role the inherent amyloidogenicity of human IAPP (hIAPP) plays in the formation of islet amyloid deposits and to investigate a possible hormonal role for IAPP, transgenic mice expressing hIAPP were developed. The transgene was composed of a fragment of an hIAPP cDNA linked to the rat insulin II promoter. One line of transgenic mice expressed the transgene and synthesized hIAPP in their pancreatic islets. IAPP-like immunoreactivity in pancreatic extracts and plasma were two- to threefold greater in the transgenic mice compared with nontransgenic control mice. Although plasma concentrations of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and glucose were equal in transgenic and control mice, the pancreatic content of IRI was nearly twofold greater in the transgenic animals, and proinsulin mRNA was significantly elevated, suggesting increased rates of insulin biosynthesis. Pancreatic samples obtained from transgenic mice up to 19 months of age had no evidence of islet amyloid. These results indicate that an increased level of synthesis of the amyloidogenic hIAPP is not sufficient to cause islet amyloid deposition. However, the increased synthesis and storage of insulin in the islets of the transgenic mice are consistent with either a direct regulatory effect of IAPP on the beta-cell or indirect stimulation of insulin production through IAPP-induced insulin resistance.
Diaminoquinoline antimalarials (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiaminoquinoline antimalarialsNed D. Heindel, Ibrahim S. Bechara, Cyrus J. Ohnmacht, James Molnar, Thomas F. Lemke, and Peter D. KennewellCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 5, 797–801Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00305a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00305a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the magnetomotive force of a three-phase winding with concentrated coils and different symmetry features (2008)

Permanent magnet machines with windings concentrated around each tooth gain more and more importance. In this paper, the magnetomotive force of a three-phase winding with concentrated coils will be analysed. As an example, a machine with a two-coil zone width with opposing flux is regarded. It will be shown that there are two different winding alternatives with four different rotor pole numbers that can generate a constant torque. All these alternative realizations are characterized as fractional-slot windings. This analysis may serve as a basis for the machine design concerning fundamental torque, as well as for acoustic noise calculation because a major part of the harmonic content of the air-gap field is identified.
Single-Molecule Unbinding Forces between the Polysaccharide Hyaluronan and Its Binding Proteins (2018)

The extracellular polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) is ubiquitous in all vertebrate tissues, where its various functions are encoded in the supramolecular complexes and matrices that it forms with HA-binding proteins (hyaladherins). In tissues, these supramolecular architectures are frequently subjected to mechanical stress, yet how this affects the intermolecular bonding is largely unknown. Here, we used a recently developed single-molecule force spectroscopy platform to analyze and compare the mechanical strength of bonds between HA and a panel of hyaladherins from the Link module superfamily, namely the complex of the proteoglycan aggrecan and cartilage link protein, the proteoglycan versican, the inflammation-associated protein TSG-6, the HA receptor for endocytosis (stabilin-2/HARE), and the HA receptor CD44. We find that the resistance to tensile stress for these hyaladherins correlates with the size of the HA-binding domain. The lowest mean rupture forces are observed for members of the type A subgroup (i.e., with the shortest HA-binding domains; TSG-6 and HARE). In contrast, the mechanical stability of the bond formed by aggrecan in complex with cartilage link protein (two members of the type C subgroup, i.e., with the longest HA-binding domains) and HA is equal or even superior to the high affinity streptavidin⋅biotin bond. Implications for the molecular mechanism of unbinding of HA⋅hyaladherin bonds under force are discussed, which underpin the mechanical properties of HA⋅hyaladherin complexes and HA-rich extracellular matrices.
Bacteria‐removing and Bactericidal Efficiencies of PDADMAC Composite Coagulants in Enhanced Coagulation Treatment (2012)

Abstract Enhanced coagulation treatment of bacteria‐containing raw water was studied by using three series of composite coagulants, that were prepared by combining polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) with different intrinsic viscosity values (0.55–2.47 dL/g) and mass percentages (5–20%) with polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate (AS), and the composite of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride (A‐F), respectively. The coagulants were tested by jar tests for the efficiencies to remove bacteria in raw water and to kill bacteria in settled sludge. It was found that when the residual turbidity of supernatant after sedimentation reached the control standard of 2 NTU in drinking water plant, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC, AS, and A‐F were 92.22, 92.60, and 94.99%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates were 2.52, 1.22, and 2.94%, respectively. Contrastively, the bacteria‐removing rates of PAC/PDADMAC, AS/PDADMAC, and A‐F/PDADMAC could reach 95.45, 96.90, and 98.89%, respectively, and the bactericidal rates could reach 86.60, 91.81, and 96.98%, respectively. It could be deduced from the results that the bactericidal efficiencies of composite coagulants stemmed from the bactericidal action of PDADMAC, and the inorganic coagulants had little bactericidal function.
Proinflammatory activity of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors derived from<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>: structural and functional analyses (2001)

A strong activation of macrophages is observed during acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Little is known, however, about the parasite molecules that are responsible for this early activation of innate immunity. Recent studies have shown the stimulatory activity of protozoan-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors on cultured macrophages. In this review, we provide a detailed analysis of the correlation between structure and proinflammatory activity by T. cruzi-derived GPI anchors. We also cover the studies that have identified the Toll-like receptor 2 as a functional GPI receptor and have partially characterized signaling pathways triggered by T. cruzi-derived GPI anchors, which lead to the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings in resistance and pathogenesis during the infection with T. cruzi.
Einleitung (1995)

Mit den Ergänzungen und Änderungen des Vertrags zur Gründung der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG-Vertrag) durch die Einheitliche Europäische Akte (EEA), die im Juli 1987 von allen Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Gemeinschaften (EG) ratifiziert wurde, traten Forschung und Technologieentwicklung zum ersten Mal gleichberechtigt neben die anderen Politikkompetenzen der EG. In den neu eingefügten Artikeln 130f-q des EWG-Vertrags sind die Ziele und Politikmaßnahmen deutlich formuliert worden und geben der EG damit eine echte Handlungskompetenz. Hauptziel der europäischen Forschungs- und Technologieentwicklungspolitik (FuT-Politik) ist (Artikel 130f, EEA),
Advances and challenges to the commercialization of organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cell technology (2017)

When transferring photovoltaic technologies from laboratory-scale fabrication to industrial applications, low cost, large area, high throughput, high solar-to-energy power conversion efficiency, long lifetime, and low toxicity are crucial attributes. In recent years, organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells have emerged as a promising high-performance, cost-effective solar cell technology. However, most of the best reported efficiencies have been obtained on small active-area devices (∼0.1 cm2). Therefore, development of protocols to industrialize such a technology is of paramount importance. In this article, we review the progress of perovskite solar cells with a particular emphasis on fabrication processes and instrumentation that have scale-up potential. For successful commercialization, the capacity to fabricate large-area modules is essential. Long-term stability is discussed, focusing on lifetime measurement and quantification protocols for commercialization. Cost-performance and life-cycle assessment analysis based on recently reported state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells are discussed. These analyses offer insights regarding required efficiency, module area size, and lifetime, in order for perovskite solar cells to be competitive with existing photovoltaic technologies. Finally, lead toxicity and possible solutions to this issue will be discussed. In the outlook, we outline future research directions based on reported results and trends in the field.
Luminescent Bolometer and Neutrino Physics (1997)

The luminescent bolometer, proposed in 1988, is now seriously considered for several applications in nuclear and particle physics: dark matter searches, double beta decays, low energy neutrino physics, heavy ion physics... It is also a very promising device for basic condensed-matter physics and chemistry experiments, and may lead to astrophysical applications. The luminescent bolometer is based on the simultaneous detection of light and phonons, allowing for particle identification and for a detailed study of the detector response. Digitized analysis of the signals produced in several sensors installed on the same crystal is then a very powerful tool. Superconducting sensors allow to detect the scintillation light pulse followed by the delayed front of phonons, and can be extremely sensitive leading to single photon counting in the visible range. They also provide information on the position of the event inside the absorber, and can be fast enough for all proposed applications. The luminescent bolometer, with superconducting sensors, appears extremely promising for real time $solar$ neutrino experiments based on new indium single crystal scintillators. We focus on this particular application, discussing the status of the art as well as open problems and presenting an updated description of a full scale real time solar neutrino experiment sensitive to the low energy sector. Other applications of the luminescent bolometer (e.g. spectroscopy or neutrino detection at reactors), involving indium compounds and other single crystal scintillators, are equally considered and discussed in detail.
Enhanced Cyclic Performance and Lithium Storage Capacity of SnO<sub>2</sub>/Graphene Nanoporous Electrodes with Three-Dimensionally Delaminated Flexible Structure (2008)

To fabricate nanoporous electrode materials with delaminated structure, the graphene nanosheets (GNS) in the ethylene glycol solution were reassembled in the presence of rutile SnO(2) nanoparticles. According to the TEM analysis, the graphene nanosheets are homogeneously distributed between the loosely packed SnO(2) nanoparticles in such a way that the nanoporous structure with a large amount of void spaces could be prepared. The obtained SnO(2)/GNS exhibits a reversible capacity of 810 mAh/g; furthermore, its cycling performance is drastically enhanced in comparison with that of the bare SnO(2) nanoparticle. After 30 cycles, the charge capacity of SnO(2)/GNS still remained 570 mAh/g, that is, about 70% retention of the reversible capacity, while the specific capacity of the bare SnO(2) nanoparticle on the first charge was 550 mAh/g, dropping rapidly to 60 mAh/g only after 15 cycles. The dimensional confinement of tin oxide nanoparticles by the surrounding GNS limits the volume expansion upon lithium insertion, and the developed pores between SnO(2) and GNS could be used as buffered spaces during charge/discharge, resulting in the superior cyclic performances.
Elevated levels of free putrescine and N1-acetylspermidine in cyst fluids of malignant brain tumours. (1986)

The contents of free and conjugated polyamines in cyst fluids of brain tumours were analysed. The putrescine and N1-acetylspermidine levels in cyst fluids of malignant brain tumours were significantly higher than those of benign tumours. The free spermidine levels in malignant and benign tumours were about the same, while the total spermidine levels were higher in malignant than those in benign tumours. These results suggest that polyamine levels in cyst fluids reflect the altered polyamine metabolism in brain tumours.
A New Halftone Reproduction and Transmission Method Using Standard Black and White Facsimile Code (1987)

This paper proposes an adaptive dithering method, which can reproduce grey levels with good character quality. It also proposes dither threshold patterns with long run-length, which are able to obtain a compression ratio of about 3 or 4 when using modified Huffman coding schemes. The method presented here is applicable to facsimile equipment for transmitting pictures, including both continuoustone pictures and characters, using CCITT standard black and white picture coding.
Cryptographic Credentials with Privacy-preserving Biometric Bindings (2013)

Cryptographic credentials allow user authorizations to be granted and verified. and have such applications as e-Passports, e-Commerce, and electronic cash. This thesis proposes a privacy protecting approach of binding biometrically derived keys to cryptographic credentials to prevent unauthorized lending. Our approach builds on the 2011 work of Adams, offering additional benefits of privacy protection of biometric information, generality on biometric modalities, and performance. Our protocol integrates into Brands’ Digital Credential scheme, and the Anonymous Credentials scheme of Camenisch and Lysyanskaya. We describe a detailed integration with the Digital Credential Scheme and sketch the integration into the Anonymous Credentials scheme. Security proofs for non-transferability, correctness of ownership, and unlinkability are provided for the protocol’s instantiation into Digital Credentials. Our approach uses specialized biometric devices in both the issue and show protocols. These devices are configured with our proposed primitive, the fuzzy ex-tractor indistinguishability adaptor which uses a traditional fuzzy extractor to create and regenerate cryptographic keys from biometric data and IND-CCA2 secure en-cryption protect the generated public data against multiplicity attacks. Pedersen commitments are used to hold the key at issue and show time, and A zero-knowledge proof of knowledge is used to ensure correspondence of key created at issue-time and regenerated at show-time. The above is done in a manner which preserves biometric privacy, as and delivers non-transferability of digital credentials. The biometric itself is not stored or divulged to any of the parties involved in the protocol. Privacy protection in multiple enrollments scenarios is achieved by the fuzzy extractor indistinguishability adapter. The zero knowledge proof of knowledge is used in the showing protocol to prove knowledge of values without divulging them.
Effect of co-transfection of miR-520c-3p and miR-132 on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 (2016)

The co-transfection of miR-520c-3p and miR-132 can target-regulate the expression of GPC3 and YAP, enhance the exhibition effect on proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 and induce cell apoptosis synergistically.