gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of (+)-<i>N</i>-(3-Aminopropyl)-<i>N</i>-[1-(5-benzyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-[1,2]thiazolo[5,4-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-6-yl)-2-methylpropyl]-4-methylbenzamide (AZD4877), a Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitor and Potential Anticancer Agent (2011)

Structure–activity relationship analysis identified (+)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-[1-(5-benzyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-[1,2]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)-2-methylpropyl]-4-methylbenzamide (AZD4877), from a series of novel kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitors, as exhibiting both excellent biochemical potency and pharmaceutical properties suitable for clinical development. The selected compound arrested cells in mitosis leading to the formation of the monopolar spindle phenotype characteristic of KSP inhibition and induction of cellular death. A favorable pharmacokinetic profile and notable in vivo efficacy supported the selection of this compound as a clinical candidate for the treatment of cancer.
Opto-Thermionic Refrigeration in Semiconductor Heterostructures (2001)

Combining the ideas of laser cooling and thermionic cooling, we have proposed an opto-thermionic cooling process, and investigated its cooling effect caused by the light emission from a quantum well embedded into a semiconductor pn junction. For a GaAs/AlGaAs opto-thermionic refrigerator in which the Auger recombination is the major nonradiative process, cooling can be achieved in a finite range of bias voltage. Using the measured values of the Auger coefficient, our calculated cooling rate is at least several watts/cm(2).
Functional Alcohol Dehydrogenase Mutants of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Conferring Temperature-Conditional Allyl Alcohol Resistance (1987)

Selection for allyl alcohol resistance in respiratory incompetent yeast is a highly specific method for isolating functional mutations at ADH1, the gene coding for the cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase, ADHI. Because of the nature of this selection scheme, the ADHI activity of such mutants is retained, but the kinetic characteristics of the enzymes are altered. The high specificity for targeting functional mutations at this locus suggested that selection for enzyme variants with more subtle phenotypic effects might be possible. Here, we describe functional ADHI mutants that are temperature-conditional in their allyl alcohol resistance. Haploid cells of one of these mutants grow well on plates at 10 mM allyl alcohol at 19 degrees, but not at 37 degrees, the restrictive temperature. A second mutant grows well at 10 mM at 37 degrees, but its growth is restricted at 19 degrees. What distinguishes these mutants from other temperature-sensitive mutants is that the temperature-conditional growth phenotypes described here must be due to interactions between allyl alcohol levels and ADHI functional properties and cannot be due to lability of the enzyme at the restrictive temperature. This system shows promise for the investigation of functional enzyme variants that differ by only one or two amino acid residues but have significant temperature- and substrate-conditional effects on growth phenotypes in both the haploids and the diploids.
Car plate recognition by neural networks and image processing (2002)

In this paper we describe an experimental system for the recognition of Italian-style car license plates. Images are usually taken from a camera at a toll gate and preprocessed by a fast and robust 1-D DFT scheme to find the plate and character positions. Characters are classified by a multilayer neural network trained by the recently developed BRLS learning algorithm. The same neural network replaces both the traditional feature extractor and the classifier. The percentage of correctly recognized characters reaches the best scores obtained in literature, being highly insensitive to the environment variability, while the architecture appears best suited for parallel implementation on programmable DSP processors.
Sequence MAP decoding of trellis codes for Gaussian and Rayleigh channels (1999)

This paper considers the use of sequence maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding of trellis codes. A MAP receiver can exploit any "residual redundancy" that may exist in the channel encoded signal in the form of memory and/or a nonuniform distribution, thereby providing enhanced performance over very noisy channels, relative to maximum likelihood (ML) decoding. The paper begins with a first-order two-state Markov model for the channel encoder input. A variety of different systems with different source parameters, different modulation schemes, and different encoder complexities are simulated. Sequence MAP decoding is shown to substantially improve performance under very noisy channel conditions for systems with low-to-moderate redundancy, with relative gain increasing as the rate increases. As a result, coding schemes with multidimensional constellations are shown to have higher MAP gains than comparable schemes with two-dimensional (2-D) constellations. The second part of the paper considers trellis encoding of the code-excited linear predictive (CELP) speech coder's line spectral parameters (LSPs) with four-dimensional (4-D) QPSK modulation. Two source LSP models are used. One assumes only intraframe correlation of LSPs while the second one models both intraframe and interframe correlation. MAP decoding gains (over ML decoding) as much as 4 dB are achieved. Also, a comparison between the conventionally designed codes and an I-Q QPSK scheme shows that the I-Q scheme achieves better performance even though the first (sampler) LSP model is used.
Balanced spatio-temporal compressive sensing for multi-hop wireless sensor networks (2012)

Compressive Sampling (CS) is a powerful sampling technique that allows accurately reconstructing a compressible signal from a few random linear measurements. CS theory has applications in sensory systems where acquiring individual samples is either expensive or infeasible. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a distributed sensory system comprised of resource-limited sensor nodes. Transferring all the recorded samples in a WSN can easily result in data traffic that can exceed the network capacity. There are ongoing attempts to devise efficient and accurate compression schemes for WSNs and CS has proved to be a key sampling method compared to many other existing techniques. In this paper, specifically targeting the dominant WSN deployments of multi-hop WSNs, we develop a novel CS-based concept of sampling window as an efficient spatio-temporal signal acquisition/compression technique. We show that much higher energy-efficient signal acquisition is possible, if composite temporal and spatial correlations are considered. Our model is also capable of abnormal event detection which is a crucial feature in WSNs. It guarantees balanced energy consumption by the sensor nodes in a multi-hop topology to prevent overloaded nodes and network partitioning.
The B Cell — Old Player, New Position on the Team (2008)

A phase 2 clinical trial of rituximab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis reported by Hauser et al. in this issue of the Journal (pages 676–688) provides important insights into the biology of the disease. The study showed that rituximab reduces disease activity in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis; patients treated with rituximab had a substantial reduction in the number of clinical relapses and the number of contrast-enhancing lesions detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).It is generally accepted that the MRI equivalent of an acute relapse is the disruption of the blood–brain barrier evidenced by increased signal after the . . .
Dewndence of Frost Resistance on the Pore Structure of Mortar Containing Silica Fume (1985)

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Design of a second-level cache chip for shared-bus multimicroprocessor systems (1991)

The design of a second-level cache chip with the most suitable architecture for shared-bus multiprocessing is described. This chip supports high-speed (160-MB/s) burst transfer between multilevel caches and a newly proposed cache-consistency protocol. The chip, which supports a 50-MHz CPU and uses 0.8 mu m CMOS technology, includes a 32 kB data memory, 42 kb tag memory. and 21.7 K-gate logic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The knockdown of c-myc expression by RNAi inhibits cell proliferation in human colon cancer HT-29 cells in vitro and in vivo (2009)

We investigated the effects of RNA interference-mediated silencing of the c-myc gene on celluar proliferation and apoptosis in human colon cancer HT-29 cells in vitro and in vivo. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting c-myc was designed, the DNA template was synthesized, and the siRNA was obtained by in vitro transcription. After siRNA transfection into HT-29 and human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells with Lipofectamine 2000, the proliferation of the HT-29 and IMR-32 cells was assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetry, and Hoechst 33258 staining was used to observe cell apoptosis. Following gene transfer to HT-29 cells, the expression of c-myc mRNA was examined via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the level of the protein via Western blot assay. Growth curves were constructed and in vivo experiments were performed on nude mice to assess the effects of c-myc silencing on tumor growth. The c-myc expression in the tumor tissue was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and subsequently by immunohistochemistry. Our paper demonstrates that the delivery of siRNA directed against c-myc not only efficiently down-regulated the expression of c-myc, inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells and induced apoptosis in vitro, but also suppressed the growth of colon cancer cells in vivo.
THE DISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF ARACHIDONIC ACID IN RABBIT PLATELETS DURING AGGREGATION AND ITS MODIFICATION BY DRUGS (1977)

1 Gas chromatographic and radio-isotope labelling techniques have been used to establish the origin of the arachindonic acid used by the platelet cyclo-oxygenase for the synthesis of pro-aggregatory prostaglandin endoperoxide derivatives. 2 Measurements of total platelet arachidonate content indicated that more than 95% is esterified in the phosphatide fraction of the cells. 3 During aggregation by collagen or thrombin as much as 80% of the total platelet arachidonate may be liberated and transformed by the platelet enzymes into hydroxyacids and other more polar compounds. 4 The phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol fractions are major sources of the arachidonate thus used. 5 Indomethacin, which prevents platelet aggregation by inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase, did not affect this release of arachidonate from the phosphatides but did prevent the transformation of arachidonate to endoperoxide derivatives. 6 Mepacrine, a drug which possesses weak anti-phospholipase activity in platelets, also prevents aggregation by collagen or thrombin, but seems to do so by preventing substrate release from the phosphatide fraction. 7 It is suggested that phospholipase A2 plays a key role in the initial events during platelet aggregation induced by collagen.
The Crystal Structure of MnF<sub>2</sub>, FeF<sub>2</sub>, CoF<sub>2</sub>, NiF<sub>2</sub> and ZnF<sub>2</sub> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Crystal Structure of MnF2, FeF2, CoF2, NiF2 and ZnF2J. W. Stout and Stanley A. ReedCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 21, 5279–5281Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01650a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01650a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2159Altmetric-Citations186LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wound re-epithelialization: modulating kerationcyte migration in wound healing (2007)

An essential feature of a healed wound is the restoration of an intact epidermal barrier through wound epithelialization, also known as re-epithelialization. The directed migration of keratinocytes is critical to wound epithelialization and defects in this function are associated with the clinical phenotype of chronic non-healing wounds. A complex balance of signaling factors and surface proteins are expressed and regulated in a temporospatial manner that promote keratinocyte motility and survival to activate wound re-epithelialization. The majority of this review focuses on the mechanisms that regulate keratinocyte migration in the re-epithelialization process. This includes a review of cell attachments via desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and integrins, the expression of keratins, the role of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, eicosanoids, oxygen tension, antimicrobial peptides, and matrix metalloproteinases. Also reviewed are recently emerging novel mediators of keratinocyte motility including the role of electric fields, and signaling via the acetylcholine and beta-adrenergic receptors. These multiple regulators impact the ability of keratinocytes to migrate from the wound edge or other epidermal reservoirs to efficiently re-epithelialize a breach in the integrity of the epidermis. New discoveries will continue to uncover the elegant network of events that result in restoration of epidermal integrity and complete the wound repair process.
Impact of altering the delinquent debt threshold used for background investigation expansion of the denial rate of security clearances (1991)

The purpose of this thesis was to conduct an analysis of cases of requests for Top Secret security clearances from applicants whose backgrounds showed some derogatory financial information, to determine the impact of the delinquent debt threshold used to expand personnel security investigations on final clearance decisions. To conduct the analysis, a sample of completed cases meeting the Defense Investigative Service's (DIS) delinquent debt criteria for investigation expansion ($500 or more outstanding for 120 days) was selected. The total amount of delinquent debt for each case was recorded and classified in one of three debt categories, under $1000, $1000 to $2000, and over $2000. In order to determine final clearance decisions, the sample data were merged with the Defense Central Investigations (DCII) data base. This provided a breakdown by clearance denials and approvals at the various delinquent debt categories. The analysis suggests that delinquent debt levels play less of a role in determining final clearance outcomes than was originally anticipated; it also provide som empirical support for raising the delinquent debt threshold above the current $500 threshold amount.
Complete Genome Sequences of Six Strains of the Genus Methylobacterium (2012)

The complete and assembled genome sequences were determined for six strains of the alphaproteobacterial genus Methylobacterium, chosen for their key adaptations to different plant-associated niches and environmental constraints.
Molecular analysis of the cytolytic protein ClyA (SheA) from <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1999)

Escherichia coli K-12 carries a gene for a protein denoted ClyA or SheA that can mediate a cytolytic phenotype. The ClyA protein is not expressed at detectable levels in most strains of E. coli, but overproduction suitable for purification was accomplished by cloning the structural gene in an hns mutant strain. Highly purified ClyA protein was cytotoxic to macrophage cells in culture and caused detachment and lysis of the mammalian cells. Results from osmotic protection assays were consistent with the suggestion that the protein formed pores with a diameter of up to 3 nm. Using Acholeplasma laidlawii cells and multilamellar liposomes, we studied the effect of ClyA on membranes with varying compositions and in the presence of different ions. ClyA induced cytolytic release of the fluorescent tracer from carboxyfluorescein-loaded liposomes, and the release was stimulated if cholesterol was present in the membranes whereas addition of calcium had no effect. Pretreatment of the ClyA protein with cholesterol inhibited the pore formation, suggesting that ClyA could bind to cholesterol. Efficient coprecipitation of ClyA with either cholesterol or 1,2,3-trioctadecanoylglycerol in aqueous solutions showed that ClyA directly interacted with the hydrophobic molecular aggregates. We tested the possible functional importance of selected ClyA protein regions by site-directed mutagenesis. Defined mutants of ClyA were obtained with alterations in postulated transmembrane structures in the central part and in a postulated membrane-targeting domain in the C-terminal part. Our results were consistent with the suggestion that particular amphiphilic segments are required for ClyA activity. We propose that these domains are necessary for ClyA to form pores.
Development of alternative 3-way catalysts : Fe-based perovskites with low noble metal content (2015)

Cette etude vise a developper de nouveaux catalyseurs 3-voies (TWC) pour le traitement de gaz d’echappement issus de moteurs a essence. TWC doivent simultanement eliminer le monoxyde de carbone, les hydrocarbures et les oxydes d’azote (NOx). Le remplacement partiel des metaux nobles (PGM) qui sont actuellement utilises comme phase active dans les TWC est l’objectif de cette etude. Afin de parvenir a ce but, des perovskites a base de Fe ont ete etudiees. L’inconvenient majeur des PGM est leur rarete qui cause un cout eleve d’exploitation et d’usage. La stabilite des nanoparticules ayant tendance de fritter lors de l’usage du TWC et la faible selectivite en N2 (SN2) pendant la conversion de NO necessitent une amelioration. Les reactions 3-voies ont ete menees sur les perovskites a base de LaFeO3 dans des flux complexes contenant les 3 types de polluants et d’autres gaz naturellement presents comme O2, H2 ainsi que de hautes quantites d’inhibiteurs (CO2, H2O). Afin d’ameliorer les resultats de la perovskite LaFeO3, 2 approches – l’optimisation des proprietes texturales et de la composition – ont ete poursuivies. Les proprietes texturales ont pu etre ameliorees par l’optimisation de parametres de synthese comme le solvant ou l’atmosphere de calcination. Le changement de l’atmosphere de calcination a donne des resultats prometteurs sur la reduction des NOx. L’optimisation de la composition de la surface et du bulk a apporte un gain significatif en performance catalytique. De plus, une SN2 accrue est observee compare a un catalyseur de reference commercial. Le dopage a faible teneur en metaux nobles amene a une performance elevee qui a ete augmente par un traitement reducteur.
A commercial process for the recovery of deodorizer distillates (1959)

Summary A continuous system for recovering the organic distillates from the deodorization process has been briefly described. The operation of this system essentially eliminates barometric condenser‐water disposal problems since this water is relatively free of organic contaminants. At a nominal cost, which can be economically justified, all deodorizers could be put on a closed‐circuit water system. The cooling towers in this system would remain clean and would require little maintenance. The organic materials, which were formerly lost as stream contaminants, would be recovered in a dry form which holds a premium over acidulated soapstock. This system would prove advantageous to the many processors of fatty products who are currently having waste‐water disposal problems or who are operating on closed‐circuit water systems, where periodic shutdown, cleaning, and maintenance of the cooling tower are required. The system is a major step toward solving the problems which have been so important in the past few years.
Implications of the polymorphism of HLA-G on its function, regulation, evolution and disease association (2010)

The HLA-G gene displays several peculiarities that are distinct from those of classical HLA class I genes. The unique structure of the HLA-G molecule permits a restricted peptide presentation and allows the modulation of the cells of the immune system. Although polymorphic sites may potentially influence all biological functions of HLA-G, those present at the promoter and 3' untranslated regions have been particularly studied in experimental and pathological conditions. The relatively low polymorphism observed in the MHC-G coding region both in humans and apes may represent a strong selective pressure for invariance, whereas, in regulatory regions several lines of evidence support the role of balancing selection. Since HLA-G has immunomodulatory properties, the understanding of gene regulation and the role of polymorphic sites on gene function may permit an individualized approach for the future use of HLA-G for therapeutic purposes.
InfoSound: an audio aid to program comprehension (2002)

The authors have explored ways to enhance users' comprehension of complex applications using music and special sound effects to present application program events that are difficult to visually detect. A prototype system, InfoSound, allows developers to create and store musical sequences and special sound effects, to associate stored musical sequences and sound effects to application events, and to have real-time, continuous auditory control of sounds during application execution. InfoSound has been used to create auditory interfaces for two applications: a telephone network service simulation and a parallel computation simulation. The auditory interfaces in these applications helped users detect rapid, multiple event sequences that were difficult to visually detect using text and graphical interfaces. The paper describes the architecture of InfoSound, use of the system, and lessons the authors have learnt.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>