gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fiber sensor devices and applications (1989)

This Tutorial discusses the basic principles of optical fiber sensor technology, outlining the various sensing mechanisms which can be utilized to influence the propagation of light in an optical fiber. Sensor types and classifications, intensity, interferometric, intrinsic, and extrinsic, are defined, and a wide range of examples is discussed. Particular emphasis is given to describing the principles of operation of acoustic, magnetic field, and rotation (gyroscope) sensors. Distributed sensor configurations and sensor network- ing/telemetry are also outlined, and the Tutorial concludes with a brief review of the current status of fiber sensor technology.
The Art and Science of Source Management (1977)

Business decisions are usually considered to be taken under conditions of uncertainty rather than risk, and as was stated in the previous chapter one of the main methods for reducing uncertainty is the gathering of additional information.
Iterative design of seamless collaboration media (1994)

article Free Access Share on Iterative design of seamless collaboration media Authors: Hiroshi Ishii NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, Japan NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, JapanView Profile , Minoru Kobayashi NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, Japan NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, JapanView Profile , Kazuho Arita NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, Japan NTT Human Interface Labs., Kanagawa, JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 37Issue 8Aug. 1994 pp 83–97https://doi.org/10.1145/179606.179687Online:01 August 1994Publication History 175citation2,044DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations175Total Downloads2,044Last 12 Months160Last 6 weeks26 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Inflammatory responses in allergic rhinitis: traditional approaches and novel treatment strategies. (2004)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is associated with decreased learning, performance and productivity at work and school, as well as a reduced quality of life. With a staggering annual economic impact between 6 billion dollars and 8 billion dollars, AR affects 20% of the adult population and up to 40% of children. Effective therapy for allergic rhinitis requires understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, as well as the role of various inflammatory mechanisms. As such, various classes of medication are at the physicians' disposal to treat patients with allergic rhinitis. Among these are second-generation antihistamines and anticholinergic agents, intranasal corticosteroids, and mast cell stabilizers. Recently, montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, has been added to the modes of therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for allergic rhinitis. For patients refractive to standard pharmacologic intervention, immunotherapy has shown some promising results. As newer strategies emerge, treatment regimens for allergic rhinitis should continue to improve not only daytime symptoms, but also nighttime symptoms and sleep with the fewest possible adverse effects.
Finite-State Approximation of Phrase-Structure Grammars (1997)

This chapter contains sections titled: Motivation, The Approximation Method, Formal Properties, Implementation and Example, Informal Analysis, Related Work and Conclusions, Appendix—APSG formalism and example, Acknowledgments, References
Measurement and Calibration of Droplet Size Distributions in Water-in-Oil Emulsions by Particle Video Microscope and a Focused Beam Reflectance Method (2009)

Water droplet sizes in crude oil emulsions were measured using an in situ particle video microscope (PVM) probe and a focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) probe for a variety of oils spanning over two orders of magnitude in viscosity and for varying shear rates. The arithmetic or Sauter mean diameter was found to maintain the same constants of proportionality with the maximum (99th percentile) droplet size for different distributions, previously only shown for water-continuous emulsions. The FBRM values for the mean droplet size, while lower than the PVM values, could be related to the latter by an empirical quadratic relationship with an average error of less than 20%. The droplet size distribution was found to be represented well by a log-normal distribution with good agreement between correlated and measured mean droplet size. Following the agreement between the mean and maximum droplet sizes, the log-normal standard deviation was linearly related to the mean droplet size. The PVM probe was found to be a useful tool for determining droplet sizes in water-in-oil emulsions and as a calibration method for the FBRM probe. The droplet sizes measured provide a useful set of data for comparison with predictive models to determine the mean size or full droplet size distributions.
Knowledge management yearbook (1999)

Part One - The Nature of Knowledge and its Management Part Two - Knowledge-Based Strategies Part Three - Knowledge Management and Organization Learning Part Four - Knowledge Tools, Techniques and Processes Part Five - Knowledge Reference Materials.
Three-Dimensional Cell Culture and Drug Testing in a Microfluidic Sidewall-Attached Droplet Array (2017)

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture provides an effective way over conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture to more closely imitate the complex cellular organization, heterogeneity, and interactions as well as tissue microenvironments in vivo. Here we present a novel droplet-based 3D cell culture method by using droplet array attached on the sidewall of a PDMS piece. Such an arrangement not only avoids cells from adhering on the chip surface for achieving 3D cell culture in nanoliter-scale droplets, but also facilitates performing multiple operations to cells in droplets, including cell suspension droplet generation, drug treatment, and cell staining with a capillary-based liquid handling system, as well as in situ observation and direct scanning with a confocal laser scanning microscope. We optimized the system by studying the effects of various conditions to cell culture including droplet volume, cell density and fabrication methods of the PDMS pieces. We have applied this system in the 3D culture of HepG2 cells and the stimulation testing of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin, to 3D cell spheroids.
Escherichia coli DNA helicase II (uvrD gene product) catalyzes the unwinding of DNA.RNA hybrids in vitro. (1989)

DNA helicase II is a well-characterized Escherichia coli enzyme capable of unwinding duplex DNA and known to be involved in both methyl-directed mismatch repair and excision repair of pyrimidine dimers. Here it is shown that this enzyme also catalyzes the ATP-dependent unwinding of a DNA.RNA hybrid consisting of a radioactively labeled RNA molecule annealed on M13 single-stranded DNA. The DNA.RNA unwinding reaction required less protein to unwind more base pairs than the corresponding unwinding of duplex DNA. In addition, the rate of unwinding of the DNA.RNA hybrid was more than an order of magnitude faster than unwinding of a DNA partial duplex of similar length. The unwinding of the DNA.RNA hybrid is a property unique to helicase II since helicase I, Rep protein, and helicase IV failed to catalyze the reaction. In light of these results it seems likely that helicase II is involved in some previously unrecognized aspect of nucleic acid metabolism, in addition to its known roles in DNA repair reactions.
A novel spatio-temporal multiplexing multi-view 3D display (2017)

A new type of spatio-temporal multiplexing multiview three-dimensional (3D) display with the horizontal motion parallel has been developed. The proposed 3D display system comprises of a fast liquid-crystal-display (LCD) screen, a lenticular lens and a beam steering screen. It implements the temporal multiplexing technique on the basic spatial multiplexing multi-view displays and multiple viewing zones can be provided horizontally in space. A complete prototype adopting this technique has been developed for the proof of concept and it has been verified by experimental results.
Bright blue electroluminescence from hole transporting polycarbonate (1992)

Bright blue electroluminescence (EL) was observed for the EL cell with a nonconjugated polymer as an emitting layer. The emitting layer was composed of a hole transporting polycarbonate containing styrylamine as a functional repeating unit (SA-PC). SA-PC was soluble in many solvents. It was very easy to form a smooth and dense thin film at a thickness less than 100 nm without any recrystallization. For the EL cell with ITO/SA-PC/an oxadiazole derivative/Mg:Ag structure, we achieved bright luminance of 130 cd/m2 at a current of 80 mA/cm2 with an applied voltage of 11 V.
Construction of Potentials from the Phase Shifts at Fixed Energy (1962)

The nonrelativistic potential energy between two spinless particles is deduced from a knowledge of all phase shifts at a given energy. A spherically symmetric potential is found always to exist, but it is not unique. In particular, for every energy, there exists at least one nonzero potential which causes the scattering cross section to be zero. The paper contains both the formal construction procedure and the necessary existence and uniqueness (or lack of it) proofs. Some general examples are included.
The evolution of the SS7 signalling transfer point in a broadband (ATM) and intelligent network environment (1995)

This paper discusses the need for a signalling transfer point (STP) in an ATM based broadband signalling network. The role of the STP in routing the level 3 message transfer part (MTP3) messages within the existing signalling network is explored, including an overview of the use of the originating point code and destination point code. The types of signalling traffic that a signalling system number 7 (SS7) network is anticipated to transfer in a broadband environment is considered by reference to the ITU Q.73 functional model and an intelligent network environment. The functionality of the routing role of MTP3 is compared with the ATM switch's capabilities and the use of ATM permanent virtual channels (PVCs) to carry SS7 signalling messages beyond adjacent nodes is proposed as an alternative to STPs. An outline is given of the benefits and overheads that such a strategy would bring. (10 pages)
A Prototyping Case Study (1985)

Abstract Prototyping is an emerging methodology with great potential for systems analysis and design. This case study describes the application of prototyping to the development of a budget system and points out the approach's observed advantages and disadvantages.
Marcação individual de triatomíneos para estudos comportamentais e ecologicos (1983)

Idealizou-se uma técnica de marcação de insetos adultos, visando principalmente à identificação individual de triatomineos, que consiste na elaboração de códigos correspondentes a números, através de cinco cores basicas (vermelho, branco, azul, verde e amarelo) representadas por pintas coloridas feitas com tinta esmalte e depositadas do pronoto ao escutelo do inseto manualmente, com um fino pincel de seda. As pintas não devem se estender às asas sobrepostas, porque estas mudam constantemente de posição, encobrindo assim a marcação. A tinta é indelével e, por não apresentar toxicidade, não afeta a longevidade e o comportamento dos insetos. A técnica pode ser utilizada tanto para insetos no laboratório quanto no campo principalmente em trabalhos relacionados à Ecologia e ao Comportamento.
Role of the Transcription Factor <i>Sox4</i> in Insulin Secretion and Impaired Glucose Tolerance (2008)

IGT4 represents a novel digenic model of insulin resistance coupled with an insulin secretory defect. The Sox4 gene has a role in insulin secretion in the adult beta-cell downstream of the K(ATP) channel.
What Role Does CFTR Play in Development, Differentiation, Regeneration and Cancer? (2020)

One of the key features associated with the substantial increase in life expectancy for individuals with CF is an elevated predisposition to cancer, firmly established by recent studies involving large cohorts. With the recent advances in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies and the increased long-term survival rate of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), this is a novel challenge emerging at the forefront of this disease. However, the mechanisms linking dysfunctional CFTR to carcinogenesis have yet to be unravelled. Clues to this challenging open question emerge from key findings in an increasing number of studies showing that CFTR plays a role in fundamental cellular processes such as foetal development, epithelial differentiation/polarization, and regeneration, as well as in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we provide state-of-the-art descriptions on the moonlight roles of CFTR in these processes, highlighting how they can contribute to novel therapeutic strategies. However, such roles are still largely unknown, so we need rapid progress in the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms to find the answers and thus tailor the most appropriate therapeutic approaches.
LONG CHAIN 1-AMINOTHIAALKANE-PHOSPHONATES, THEIR SULPHINYL AND SULPHONYL DERIVATIVES. A NEW TYPE OF COMPLEXANE TYPE SURFACTANTS (1989)

Abstract Several long chain 1-aminothiaalkanephosphonic acids 1 were prepared and selectively oxidized to the corresponding sulphinyl 2 and sulphonyl 3 derivatives. For all compounds synthesized surface tension properties were determined. These measurements indicate that the surface activities of compounds 1–3 are comparable with that of typical phosphonate detergents.
Seroefficacy of Vi Polysaccharide–Tetanus Toxoid Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine (Typbar TCV) (2018)

This is the first field estimate of the seroefficacy of a Vi-TT vaccine and shows that Typbar TCV substantially reduces the number of serologically defined clinical or subclinical infections in infants, children, and adults. These results support the recent World Health Organization recommendations for deployment of typhoid conjugate vaccines in high-burden areas.
Gas Chromatograph Injection Liner for Continuous Analyte Admission into a Mass Spectrometer (1998)

An inexpensive modification to a gas chromatography injector liner is reported that facilitates continuous admission of analyte into a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) for methods development. The MS methods development liner can be made by making simple modifications to commercially available liners and fits into standard injectors in place of the normal liners without any need to break vacuum in the MS. The injector temperature and gas flow rates are adjusted to provide appropriate analyte levels in the MS, which can be admitted under conditions identical with those of real analyses, including co-admission of column bleed. The device is particularly useful for development of tandem MS methods in GC/MS/MS instruments, which are configured with the GC as the sole sample inlet.
A study of touching behavior for authentication in touch screen smart devices (2016)

With the increased popularity of touch screen mobile phones, touch gesture behavior is becoming more and more important. Due to increasing demand for safer access in touch screen mobile phones, old strategies like pins, tokens, or passwords have failed to stay abreast of the challenges. However, we study user authentication scheme based on these touch dynamics features for accurate user authentication. We developed the software needed to collect readings from touch screen of mobile phone running the android operation system. Based on these preliminary experiments we concentrated on the Random Forest classifier to differentiate multiple users. Our results show that combining all features such as touch direction, finger pressure, finger size and acceleration correctly classified touch behavior on an android phone with 98.14% accuracy.
Section 5. Insects (Lepidoptera) and invertebrates. I. Echinodermata and Mollusca (1935)

The material brought from Southampton Island by Dr. George M. Sutton, in so far as it represents the Echinodermata and Mollusca, is more or less fragmentary. In view of all which he accomplished along other lines, it is remarkable that he found time to make even the small collection, which has been submitted to me for study and determination.
Directional solidification of filamentary shapes of Pb--Cd and Pb--Sn eutectic alloys (1978)

Eutectic alloys of Pb--Cd and Pb--Sn were directionally solidified as thin filamentary strips contained in stainless steel and quartz capillaries. As the solidification rate increased the filament width, w, had to be reduced to maintain complete alignment of the lamellae clear across the filament. It was determined that in order to achieve complete alignment the ratio of filament width to lamellar spacing, w/lambda had to be less than about 30. Experiments were carried out at rates of 2-400 ..mu..m/s and at temperature gradients of 130 and 320/sup 0/C/cm.
An Online Rolling Optimal Control Strategy for Commuter Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Driving Condition Learning and Prediction (2015)

This paper presents an online supervisory control strategy for commuter hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) based on driving condition learning and prediction. The aim is to provide an online self-learning-based framework to keep Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP)-based control adapting to the time-varying driving condition on commuting routes and minimize fuel consumption. There are three steps to realizing this strategy. First, two novel statistical features are proposed to describe the frequency distribution of achievable working points of the hybrid powertrain under a driving condition. Second, based on the characteristic that commuting trips with similar trip start time, direction, and weather condition have similar driving conditions, we develop an instance-based machine learning algorithm to learn the driving condition. A k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) prediction algorithm is used to predict future driving conditions. Third, we establish an online supervisory control strategy, together with rolling driving condition prediction and optimal costate approximation. The approximation algorithm can approximate the optimal constant costate for the entire prediction horizon just based on the proposed two features. Simulation study and bench tests are conducted on a parallel hybrid powertrain of a city bus using standard driving cycles and real-world sampled commuting trips with different trip start times and weather conditions. The results show that the proposed driving condition learning and prediction method is effective for predicting the upcoming driving conditions. Meanwhile, the proposed strategy shows substantial improvement of fuel economy compared with the rule-based (RB) strategy and the adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS).
Assessing attitudes and behaviors of high-risk adolescents: an evaluation of the self-report method. (1999)

This study evaluated the self-report method in the assessment of attitudes and behaviors. Forty-two problem youth from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds were surveyed. In addition, their parents were surveyed and school and police data were collected. Five self-report factors were compared against parental report factors and police and school records. Significant relationships were found only for self-report factors that contained more positively oriented items. Self-report factors that contained items inquiring directly into high-risk behaviors were not significantly associated with parental report factors or school and police data. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Acyclovir and Transmission of HIV-1 from Persons Infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2 (2010)

Daily acyclovir therapy did not reduce the risk of transmission of HIV-1, despite a reduction in plasma HIV-1 RNA of 0.25 log(10) copies per milliliter and a 73% reduction in the occurrence of genital ulcers due to HSV-2. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00194519.)
Proposal of seeking control of hard disk drives based on perfect tracking control using multirate feedforward control (2000)

In this paper, novel multirate two-degree-of-freedom controllers are proposed for digital control systems, where it is restricted that the speed of the A/D converters are slower than that of the D/A converters. The proposed feedforward controller assures the perfect tracking at M inter-sampling points. Moreover, it is shown that the structure of the proposed perfect tracking controller is very simple and clear. Next, the proposed method is extended to systems with time delay. The proposed scheme is applied to the seeking control for hard disk drive, and advantages of this approach are demonstrated by simulations and experiments.
Smart, Stretchable Supercapacitors (2014)

Smart supercapacitors are developed by depositing conducting polymers onto aligned carbon-nanotube sheets. These supercapacitors rapidly and reversibly demonstrate color changes in response to a variation in the level of stored energy and the chromatic transitions can be directly observed by the naked eye.
A resilient replication method in distributed database systems (1989)

A scheme is presented for maintaining consistency and improving resiliency of replicated data in distributed systems. A multiversion technique is used to increase the degree of concurrency. To reduce storage requirement and communication overhead, multiple versions are maintained only at read-only sites. Recovery methods for replicated data in distributed systems are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Early Experience and Evaluation of File Systems on SSD with Database Applications (2010)

Flash SSDs are being incorporated in many enterprise storage platforms recently. However, the characteristics of the flash SSD are quite different from that of hard disk. The IO strategies in the existing systems should be carefully evaluated. This paper provides an evaluation on the flash-based transaction processing system. Two file systems, traditional in-place update-based file system and log-structured file system, are selected as the representative of two write strategies. Usually, the log-structured file system is believed to play better on flash SSDs. Our experiment shows that the performance results of two database applications are diverse with two file systems on different flash SSDs. We analyze the performance in different configurations. Based on the analysis, we provide our experience on building the flash-based database system to better utilize the performance benefits of flash SSDs.
Changes in renal hemodynamics in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with L-ascorbic acid supplementation. (2006)

The present study was designed to investigate whether L-ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation could prevent changes in renal hemodynamics in diabetic rats or not. The experiments were carried out in 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by intravenous injection with streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg.bw), while the control rats were received citrate buffer alone. The renal hemodynamics was examined after the supplementation of AA (1 mg/l) for 8 and 16 weeks. The results demonstrated that AA could retard the increase (p<0.05) in renal vascular resistance (RVR) significantly compared with diabetic rats (STZ). Besides, at week 16, the effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of STZ-AA were significantly higher than those of STZ (p<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of AA was able to ameliorate the renal dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats by decrease in RVR concomitant with an increase in both ERPF and GFR.