gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIV-1-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Responses Are Not Associated With Significant Viral Epitope Variation in Persons With Persistent Plasma Viremia (2006)

In these chronically infected viremic subjects, circulating IFNgamma-secreting CD4 T-cell responses were directed against epitope sequences found in the predominant strain of endogenous circulating plasma HIV-1, suggesting that escape from CD4 T-cell responses is not a common process in vivo.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator as an Adjuvant Therapy for Pleural Empyema in Pediatric Patients (2004)

The authors retrospectively review the clinical course and outcome of 6 pediatric patients, ranging in age from 2 to 13 years, who were treated with TPA for complex empyema. Efficacy was assessed by evaluating pleural fluid drainage for 6 hours prior to and subsequent to each dose of TPA, as well as by resolution of fever and length of hospital stay. The average volume drained for 6 hours before infusion of TPA was 22.5 mL +/- 18.4 mL, and the average volume 6 hours after TPA therapy was 141.7 mL +/- 28.3 mL, P <.0001. After initiation of TPA therapy, 5 out of 6 patients became afebrile within 48 hours. The median length of stay after initiation of TPA therapy was 6 days, with a range from 4 days to 12 days. A discussion of other current therapies for empyema, along with a comparison of these therapies to TPA regarding the costs of therapies and risk-benefit ratios, is also included.
Rights and protection: Explaining IP eligibility (2013)

Recent research from IP Australia shows that Australian residents are filing more patent applications overseas than they do in Australia1. It also shows an 11 per cent increase in the number of Australian residents filing for the standard patent, with the US the largest destination, followed by Asia and then Europe. International differences in market size, commercial opportunities, and investment decisions are key factors influencing these trends. The research also highlights the increasing importance of IP and IP rights in today's knowledge economy.
New experimental approach to understanding igneous texture (1994)

Research Article| April 01, 1994 New experimental approach to understanding igneous texture W. D. Means; W. D. Means 1Department of Geological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Y. Park Y. Park 1Department of Geological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (1994) 22 (4): 323–326. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0323:NEATUI>2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation W. D. Means, Y. Park; New experimental approach to understanding igneous texture. Geology 1994;; 22 (4): 323–326. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0323:NEATUI>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Thin sections containing a magma-like mixture of three crystalline ammonium compounds and intercrystalline melt can be prepared and observed microscopically during crystallization, melting, and deformation. The aim of such observations is to establish links between active processes in the crystal-melt mixture and the textural signatures of the processes. The hope is to improve the basis for process interpretation of textures in rocks, although the value of the experimental system in this regard is still unknown. Three unexpected processes are seen: creation of growth centers for later blocky grains by isothermal decomposition of early dendritic grains; migration of grain boundaries early in the crystallization history; and growth of porphyroblast-like grains by phase-boundary migration, with abundant melt nearby. Textural metamorphism begins in this material well before its melt-present history is complete. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Real-Time Epileptic Seizure Detection Using EEG (2017)

This paper proposes a novel patient-specific real-time automatic epileptic seizure onset detection, using both scalp and intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG). The proposed technique obtains harmonic multiresolution and self-similarity-based fractal features from EEG for robust seizure onset detection. A fast wavelet decomposition method, known as harmonic wavelet packet transform (HWPT), is computed based on Fourier transform to achieve higher frequency resolutions without recursive calculations. Similarly, fractal dimension (FD) estimates are obtained to capture self-similar repetitive patterns in the EEG signal. Both FD and HWPT energy features across all EEG channels at each epoch are organized following the spatial information due to electrode placement on the skull. The final feature vector combines feature configurations of each epoch within the specified moving window to reflect the temporal information of EEG. Finally, relevance vector machine is used to classify the feature vectors due to its efficiency in classifying sparse, yet high-dimensional data sets. The algorithm is evaluated using two publicly available long-term scalp EEG (data set A) and short-term intracranial and scalp EEG (data set B) databases. The proposed algorithm is effective in seizure onset detection with 96% sensitivity, 0.1 per hour median false detection rate, and 1.89 s average detection latency, respectively. Results obtained from analyzing the short-term data offer 99.8% classification accuracy. These results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective with both short- and long-term EEG signal analyzes recorded with either scalp or intracranial modes, respectively. Finally, the use of less computationally intensive feature extraction techniques enables faster seizure onset detection when compared with similar techniques in the literature, indicating potential usage in real-time applications.
Epigenetic Silencing of the Circadian Clock Gene CRY1 is Associated with an Indolent Clinical Course in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2012)

Disruption of circadian rhythm is believed to play a critical role in cancer development. Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) is a core component of the mammalian circadian clock and we have previously shown its deregulated expression in a subgroup of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Using real-time RT-PCR in a cohort of 76 CLL patients and 35 normal blood donors we now demonstrate that differential CRY1 mRNA expression in high-risk (HR) CD38+/immunoglobulin variable heavy chain gene (IgVH) unmutated patients as compared to low-risk (LR) CD38-/IgVH mutated patients can be attributed to down-modulation of CRY1 in LR CLL cases. Analysis of the DNA methylation profile of the CRY1 promoter in a subgroup of 57 patients revealed that CRY1 expression in LR CLL cells is silenced by aberrant promoter CpG island hypermethylation. The methylation pattern of the CRY1 promoter proved to have high prognostic impact in CLL where aberrant promoter methylation predicted a favourable outcome. CRY1 mRNA transcript levels did not change over time in the majority of patients where sequential samples were available for analysis. We also compared the CRY1 expression in CLL with other lymphoid malignancies and observed epigenetic silencing of CRY1 in a patient with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
Absence of “Organization Man” Types a Boon to West Europe (1961)

But educational reflection of social rigidity lessens labor force's efficiency
The manipulation of air-sensitive compounds (1969)

INERT ATMOSPHERE TECHINQUES. Bench--Top Inert--Atmosphere Techniques. Inert--Atmosphere Glove Boxes. Inert Gases and Their Purification. Purification of Solvents and Reagents. Vacuum Line Design and Operation. Pumps for Rough and High Vacuum. Pressure and Flow Measurement and Leak Detection. Joints, Stopcocks, and Valves. Specialized Vacuum--Line Equipment and Operations. Metal Systems. Metal Systems. Appendixes. Index.
Platelets in atherosclerosis (2011)

Beyond obvious functions in haemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are considered to be essential in proinflammatory surroundings such as atherosclerosis, allergy, rheumatoid arthritis and even cancer. In atherosclerosis, platelets facilitate the recruitment of inflammatory cells towards the lesion sites and release a plethora of inflammatory mediators, thereby enriching and boosting the inflammatory milieu. Platelets do so by interacting with endothelial cells, circulating leukocytes (monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells, T-cells) and progenitor cells. This cross-talk enforces leukocyte activation, adhesion and transmigration. Furthermore, platelets are known to function in innate host defense through the release of antimicrobial peptides and the expression of pattern recognition receptors. In severe sepsis, platelets are able to trigger the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which bind and clear pathogens. The present antiplatelet therapies that target key pathways of platelet activation and aggregation therefore hold the potential to modulate platelet-derived immune functions by reducing cellular interactions of platelets with other immune components and by reducing the secretion of inflammatory proteins into the milieu. The objective of this review is to update and discuss the current perceptions of the platelet immune constituents and their prospect as therapeutic targets in an atherosclerotic setting.
A Succinct Asymmetric Synthesis of (2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>)-2-Methyl-3-aminopentanoic Acid Hydrochloride (1994)

The highly stereoselective conjugate addition of lithium (R)-(α-methylbenzyl)benzylamide (R)-2 to tert-butyl (E)-2-methyl-2-pentenoate 3 affords a straightforward synthesis of (2S,3R)-2-methyl-3-aminopentanoic acid 1 as its hydrochloride salt 5.
Dual Use of Bladder Anticholinergics and Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Long‐Term Functional and Cognitive Outcomes (2008)

In higher-functioning NH residents, dual use of ChIs and bladder anticholinergics may result in greater rates of functional decline than use of ChIs alone. The MDS-COGS may not be sensitive enough to detect differences in cognition due to dual use.
A controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in widespread non-exudative atopic eczema (1992)

Severe and widespread atopic eczema often fails to respond adequately to currently available therapies. Following the observation of substantial benefit in patients receiving oral treatment with daily decoctions of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, we undertook a placebo-controlled double-blind trial of a specific prescription formulated for widespread non-exudative atopic eczema. Forty-seven children were given active treatment and placebo in random order, each for 8 weeks, with an intervening 4-week wash-out period. Thirty-seven children tolerated the treatment and completed the study. Response to active treatment was superior to response to placebo, and was clinically valuable. There was no evidence of haematological, renal or hepatic toxicity. These findings anticipate a wider therapeutic potential for traditional Chinese medicinal plants in this disease, and other skin diseases.
[18F]-labeled 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose: synthesis and preliminary biodistribution data. (1978)

A cyclotron target system for the production of anhydrous [18F] fluoride ion has been developed and used for the synthesis of carrier-free [18F]-3-deoxy-3fluoro-D-glucose (3-FDG). The synthesis is sufficiently rapid and efficient to allow production of usable amounts of 3-FDG with a 6-MeV cyclotron. Preliminary animal studies show that 3-FDG is in fact a glucose analog.
Writing scalable SIMD programs with ISPC (2014)

Modern processors contain many resources for parallel execution. In addition to having multiple cores, processors can also contain vector functional units that are capable of performing a single operation on multiple inputs in parallel. Taking advantage of this vector hardware is essential to obtaining peak performance on a machine, but it is often challenging for programmers to do so.
Effects of Isopropyl Palmitate on the Skin Permeation of Drugs (2006)

The model penetrants oxaprozin, nimesulide, gliclazide, and ribavirin, because of their different lipophilicities, were selected to assess the enhancing activity of pre-treatment solutions consisting of isopropyl palmitate (IP) in ethanol (5%, 10%, 15%and 20%, w/w, respectively) across excised rat skin using Franz diffusion cells and HPLC detection. All pre-treatment solutions produced a significant increase in the flux and permeation of all four penetrants (p<0.001) and a relationship between penetrant lipophilicity and enhancement effect was observed. The general order of IP effectiveness at concentration was 20%>15%>10%>5% (w/w). The lag-time of drugs did not significantly change except for ribavirin.
<title>Theory of laser noise</title> (1991)

We summarize the basic problems in laser coherence and the concepts and techniques needed to solve them. Special techniques needed to handle partition noise in semiconductor lasers will be touched on. We address the problem of how a self-sustained oscillator works. Why is the laser line so narrow? Why does a small amount of noise produce a broadening of the line as opposed to additive side bands? What is the role of zero point oscillations and spontaneous emission in determining the line width? In what sense can the transition to a lasing state be described as a phase transition? The concepts used to deal with the response of a laser system involve a quasi-Markoffian description. This in turn validates a quantum regression theorem which relates the spectrum of the noise to the transport response even in a system far from equilibrium. A significant simplification is made by introducing non-commuting (quantum) noise sources. The techniques required in the solution of laser noise problems involve a multi-time correspondence between quantum variables and c-number random variables that reduces a quantum stochastic problem to a classical stochastic problem. Adiabatic elimination is used to eliminate the fast variables to obtain a reduced problem for the fields alone or the fields and some total atomic variables (total inversion and polarization). Reduction to a rotating wave version of the van der Pol oscillator and numerical solution of the Fokker-Planck equation yields (a) the line shape (b) the spectrum of intensity fluctuations and (c) the distribution of photocounts observed over some time interval. Comparison of theoretical results with later experiments will be presented.
Low temperature growth, freezing survival, and production of antifreeze protein by the plant growth promoting rhizobacterium<i>Pseudomonas putida</i>GR12-2 (1995)

The plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 was originally isolated from the rhizosphere of plants growing in the Canadian High Arctic. Here we report that this bacterium was able to grow and promote root elongation of both spring and winter canola at 5 degrees C, a temperature at which only a relatively small number of bacteria are able to proliferate and function. In addition, the bacterium survived exposure to freezing temperatures, i.e., -20 and -50 degrees C. In an effort to determine the mechanistic basis for this behaviour, it was discovered that following growth at 5 degrees C, P. putida GR12-2 synthesized and secreted to the growth medium a protein with antifreeze activity. Analysis of the spent growth medium, following concentration by ultrafiltration, by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of one major protein with a molecular mass of approximately 32-34 kDa and a number of minor proteins. However, at this point it is not known which of these proteins contains the antifreeze activity.
Telomere length is an independent prognostic marker in <scp>MDS</scp> but not in <i>de novo </i><scp>AML</scp> (2017)

Telomere dysfunction is implicated in the generation of large-scale genomic rearrangements that drive progression to malignancy. In this study we used high-resolution single telomere length analysis (STELA) to examine the potential role of telomere dysfunction in 80 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 95 de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. Despite the MDS cohort being older, they had significantly longer telomeres than the AML cohort (P < 0·0001) where telomere length was also significantly shorter in younger AML patients (age <60 years) (P = 0·02) and in FLT3 internal tandem duplication-mutated AML patients (P = 0·03). Using a previously determined telomere length threshold for telomere dysfunction (3·81 kb) did not provide prognostic resolution in AML [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0·68, P = 0·2]. In contrast, the same length threshold was highly prognostic for overall survival in the MDS cohort (HR = 5·0, P < 0·0001). Furthermore, this telomere length threshold was an independent parameter in multivariate analysis when adjusted for age, gender, cytogenetic risk group, number of cytopenias and International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) score (HR = 2·27, P < 0·0001). Therefore, telomere length should be assessed in a larger prospective study to confirm its prognostic role in MDS with a view to integrating this variable into a revised IPSS.
Choosing right database system: Row or column-store (2013)

The new generation of applications like Business Intelligence, data warehouses, Social networking etc. requires processing of terabytes or petabytes of data. This is achieved by distributed processing. This is the major reason for the power of web companies such as Google, Amazon, and Salesforce etc. In this case, relational databases are found to be inadequate in distributed processing involving very large number of servers and handling big data applications. The systems like columnar database have attempted to address the problems in storing information using traditional database system. The database system design should be chosen to handle large pool of data to get analytical performance. The present study focuses on identifying the problems in the relational database system and highlighting the benefits gained by usage of columnar database system in area of business intelligence or data warehouse systems.
Anchor-Based Three-Dimensional Localization Using Range Measurements (2012)

Real-time high-accuracy position information is essential to a variety of applications. This paper discusses anchor-based three-dimensional (3D) localization problem using range measurements. Under zero-mean independent Gaussian ranging error model, Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) is derived and its relationship with geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) is given. Maximum likelihood (ML) and least square (LS) localization algorithms are given and Newton-Raphson (NR), Gauss-Newton (GN), and steepest decent (SD) methods are used to approximate the ML/LS estimation. Ranging error is related to signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) in simulation examples, and we illustrate that the geometric relationship between agent and anchors can influence the localization performance, especially outside the cube bounded by anchors and in the direction from the cubic center to each anchor. We also intuitively show that GDOP is not a proper measurement for localization performance, when the differences on ranging error variances under different SNRs are nonnegligible. We demonstrate the feasibility of using NR, GN, and SD methods to approach the ML/LS estimation and show the relatively slow convergence speed feature of SD method. We illustrate ML estimator is optimal since its mean square error attains the CRB for high SNR conditions, while LS can only provide suboptimal localization accuracy. We also show that decreasing the number of anchors will degrade the localization performance and vice versa.
RD-180 engine: An established record of performance and reliability on Atlas launch vehicles (2011)

Expendable Launch vehicles remain the primary means of delivering payloads to orbit. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1 2</sup> High reliability in these systems is vital to the safe delivery of the valuable payloads they carry. A considerable number of past launch vehicle failures can be attributed to propulsion subsystems. These subsystems contain combustion, control thrust levels, maintain vehicle stability, and withstand the dynamic loads associated with these processes. The high levels of complexity associated with propulsion subsystems often provide opportunities for failure.
Robust and Flexible Free‐Standing All‐Dielectric Omnidirectional Reflectors (2007)

A chalcogenide glass and a polyamideimide polymer are used to fabricate freestanding membranes (see figure). The membranes are less than 3 μm thick but provide a near-unity omnidirectional reflection band in the near infrared. Optomechanical tuning of the filter response and manual construction of microcavities are demonstrated.
Role of class I histone deacetylases in the regulation of maspin expression in prostate cancer (2020)

Maspin repression is frequently observed in prostate cancer; however, the molecular mechanism(s) causing the loss is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) mediates re-expression of maspin which plays an essential role in suppressing proliferation and migration capability in prostate cancer cells. Human prostate cancer LNCaP and DU145 cells treated with HDAC inhibitors, sodium butyrate, and trichostatin A, resulted in maspin re-expression. Interestingly, an exploration into the molecular mechanisms demonstrates that maspin repression in prostate tumor and human prostate cancer cell lines occurs via epigenetic silencing through an increase in HDAC activity/expression, independent of promoter DNA hypermethylation. Furthermore, transcriptional activation of maspin was accompanied with the suppression of HDAC1 and HDAC8 with significant p53 enrichment at the maspin promoter associated with an increase in histone H3/H4 acetylation. Our results provide evidence of maspin induction as a critical epigenetic event altered by class I HDACs in the restoration of balance to delay proliferation and migration ability of prostate cancer cells.