gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A gross sensor-based navigation algorithm for a mobile robot with self-positioning, sensing, control errors (2002)

In sensor-based navigation, a mobile robot arrives at its goal if, and only if, it never joins any deadlock, i.e., any periodic cycle, otherwise, the robot recognizes no deadlock-free path in an uncertain world. The authors call a set of alternative terminations the deadlock-free characteristic. In general, every previous sensor-based navigation algorithm keep the deadlock-free characteristic under the following assumptions: (1) a mobile robot traces an uncertain obstacle faithfully; and (2) a mobile robot identifies its position and orientation exactly. However, a mobile robot unfortunately cannot maintain these assumptions because of three kinds of error, i.e., self-positioning, sensing, and control errors. Therefore in this article, after eliminating these two assumptions, the authors design a new sensor-based navigation algorithm NC-Robust* in order for a mobile robot with these errors not to join any dead-lock in an uncertain world. Then they give a proof of the deadlock-free characteristic and ascertain the feasibility of the algorithm NC-Robust* by using a real mobile robot (Nomad) running in a practical world environment.
Pre‐treatment symptom cluster in breast cancer patients is associated with worse sleep, fatigue and depression during chemotherapy (2008)

A higher clinically relevant-based pre-treatment symptom cluster was associated with more sleep disturbances, greater fatigue and more depressive symptoms during chemotherapy. Specific interventions for these pre-treatment symptoms may improve the frequency and severity of these same symptoms during chemotherapy, when they are most severe and most disruptive to quality of life.
Prinzipien und neuere Verfahren der Windsichtung (1967)

Abstract In der Windsichtung kommen zu der durch Strömung und Anfangsbedingungen determinierten Bewegung isolierter Einzelteilchen eine Reihe von Wechselwirkungen zwischen Wand, Strömungsmittel und Teilchen hinzu, die sowohl das determinierte Bewegungsverhalten verändern als auch eine stochastische Bewegungskomponente überlagern. Dabei ergeben sich für die verschiedenen möglichen Sichtanordnungen und für die absatzweise und stetige Sichtung unterschiedliche Prinzipien des Zusammenwirkens dieser Phänomene. Für einige charakteristische Erscheinungen werden Berechnungsansätze und Ergebnisse angegeben. Andere Phänomene, wie Desagglomeration und Vermeidung von Gutansatz, werden nicht näher behandelt. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse an zwei neuentwickelten Analysensichtern und einem Querstromsichter werden mitgeteilt, wovon der letzere für technische Sichtungen geeignet sein könnte.
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Studies of Potential Antitumor Agents Derived From Esters of Phorbol (1987)

A synthetic study was carried out aimed at elucidating structure-activity relationships amongst naturally occurring esters of phorbol (la) and related daphnane ortho esters which have antitumour activity. The following phorbol esters and epoxy derivatives were prepared with ester groups which were present in the structurally related antitumour natural products: the 12,13,20-tribenzoate (lb), 12,13-dibenzoate ( lc ), 12,13-dibenzoate 20-palmitate (Id), 13-acetate 12,20-dibenzoate (le) and the 12,13,20-tricinnamate (1f of phorbol , and the 6,7-epoxides of the 12,13-dibenzoate (2a) and the 12,13,20-tricinnamate (2b) of phorbol . These compounds were tested against in vivo P388 murine lymphocytic leukaemia (3PS) and were found to have low activity. Various combinations of ester and epoxy groups alone were found to be insufficient to confer 3PS activity on the compounds studied. It was concluded that the presence of other groups, such as a 5-hydroxy group, an ortho ester function, and opening of the cyclopropane ring may be important in enhancing this activity.
Ultrasound generation in single-crystal silicon using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1996)

The performance of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser as an ultrasonic source in a single-crystal silicon sample has been studied using a wide-bandwidth modified Michelson interferometer as an absolute displacement sensor. At low power densities the source is an extended buried thermoelastic source; however, the thermal expansion is less than the contraction due to the negative pressure coefficient of the energy gap and the illuminated region contracts rather than expands. Above a certain power density, ablation occurs, giving rise to a localized normal force at the surface of the sample.
The estimation of the leucine isomers in protein hydrolysates by infrared analysis (1948)

Research Article| January 01 1948 The estimation of the leucine isomers in protein hydrolysates by infrared analysis S. E. Darmon; S. E. Darmon 1Department of Colloid Science and Biochemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. B. B. M. Sutherland; G. B. B. M. Sutherland 1Department of Colloid Science and Biochemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. R. Tristram G. R. Tristram 1Department of Colloid Science and Biochemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1948 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1948 Biochem J (1948) 42 (4): 508–516. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0420508 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation S. E. Darmon, G. B. B. M. Sutherland, G. R. Tristram; The estimation of the leucine isomers in protein hydrolysates by infrared analysis. Biochem J 1 January 1948; 42 (4): 508–516. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0420508 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1948 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1948 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Contraselectable Streptomycin Susceptibility Determinant for Genetic Manipulation and Analysis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (2006)

Many Helicobacter pylori genetic studies would benefit from an ability to move DNA sequences easily between strains by transformation and homologous recombination, without needing to leave a conventional drug resistance determinant at the targeted locus. Presented here is a two-gene cassette that can be selected both (i) against, due to a Campylobacter jejuni rpsL gene (dominant streptomycin susceptibility in cells also carrying an rpsL-str(r) allele), and (ii) for, due to an erm gene (erythromycin resistance). This rpsL,erm cassette's utility was assessed by using it to replace four gene loci (mdaB, frxA, fur, and nikR) in four streptomycin-resistant [Str(r)] strain backgrounds (derivatives of 26695, SS1, X47, and G27MA). The resultant 16 strains (phenotypically erythromycin resistant [Erm(r)] and Str(s)) were each transformed with wild-type genomic DNAs, and Str(r) derivatives were selected. The desired Erm(s) Str(r) isolates were obtained at frequencies that ranged from 17 to 96% among Str(r) transformants, with the Erm(s) yield apparently depending on the strain background and genome location of the targeted locus. The ease of isolating unmarked transformants described here should be valuable for many H. pylori molecular genetic and evolutionary analyses.
Shapes and Geometries: Metrics, Analysis, Differential Calculus, and Optimization (2010)

This considerably enriched new edition provides a self-contained presentation of the mathematical foundations, constructions, and tools necessary for studying problems where the modeling, optimization, or control variable is the shape or the structure of a geometric object. Shapes and Geometries: Metrics, Analysis, Differential Calculus, and Optimization, Second Edition presents the latest ground-breaking theoretical foundation to shape optimization in a form that can be used by the engineering and scientific communities. It also clearly explains the state-of-the-art developments in a mathematical language that will attract mathematicians to open questions in this important field. A series of generic examples has been added to the introduction and special emphasis has been put on the construction of important metrics. Advanced engineers in various application areas use basic ideas of shape optimization, but often encounter difficulties due to the sophisticated mathematical foundations for the field. This new version of the book challenges these difficulties by showing how the mathematics community has made extraordinary progress in establishing a rational foundation for shape optimization. This area of research is very broad, rich, and fascinating from both theoretical and numerical standpoints. It is applicable in many different areas such as fluid mechanics, elasticity theory, modern theories of optimal design, free and moving boundary problems, shape and geometric identification, image processing, and design of endoprotheses in interventional cardiology. Audience: This book is intended for applied mathematicians and advanced engineers and scientists, but the book is also structured as an initiation to shape analysis and calculus techniques for a broader audience of mathematicians. Some chapters are self-contained and can be used as lecture notes for a minicourse. The material at the beginning of each chapter is accessible to a broad audience, while the subsequent sections may sometimes require more mathematical maturity. Contents: List of Figures; Preface; Chapter 1: Introduction: Examples, Background, and Perspectives; Chapter 2: Classical Descriptions of Geometries and Their Properties; Chapter 3: Courant Metrics on Images of a Set; Chapter 4: Transformations Generated by Velocities; Chapter 5: Metrics via Characteristic Functions; Chapter 6: Metrics via Distance Functions; Chapter 7: Metrics via Oriented Distance Functions; Chapter 8: Shape Continuity and Optimization; Chapter 9: Shape and Tangential Differential Calculuses; Chapter 10: Shape Gradients under a State Equation Constraint; Elements of Bibliography; Index of Notation; Index.
Inhibition by pentoxifylline of TNF‐α‐stimulated fractalkine production in vascular smooth muscle cells: evidence for mediation by NF‐<i>κ</i>B down‐regulation (2003)

(1) Fractalkine is a CX(3)C chemokine for mononuclear leukocytes that is expressed mainly by vascular cells, and regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study investigated signal transduction mechanisms by which tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha stimulated fractalkine expression in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the modulatory effect of a haemorrheologic agent, pentoxifylline, on its production. (2) TNF-alpha (1-50 ng ml(-1)) stimulated fractalkine mRNA and protein expression in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Pretreatment with calphostin C (0.4 micro M, a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), and PD98059 (40 micro M), a specific inhibitor of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase, attenuated TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine mRNA and protein expression. In contrast, H-89 (2 micro M), a selective inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, wortmannin (0.5 micro M), a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and SB203580 (40 micro M), a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, had no discernible effect. (3) The ubiquitin/proteosome inhibitors, MG132 (10 micro M) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (200 micro M), suppressed activation of NF-kappaB as well as stimulation of fractalkine mRNA and protein expression by TNF-alpha. (4) TNF-alpha-activated phosphorylation of PKC was blocked by calphostin C, whereas TNF-alpha-augmented phospho-p42/44 MAPK and phospho-c-Jun levels were reduced by PD98059. Neither calphostin C nor PD98059 affected TNF-alpha-induced degradation of I-kappaBalpha or p65 nuclear translocation. (5) Pretreatment with pentoxifylline (0.1-1 mg ml(-1)) decreased TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine mRNA and protein expression, which was preceded by a reduction in TNF-alpha-activated phosphorylation of PKC, p42/44 MAPK and c-Jun as well as degradation of I-kappaBalpha and p65/NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. (6) These data indicate that activation of PKC, p42/44 MAPK kinase, and NF-kappaB are involved in TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine production in VSMCs. Down-regulation of the PKC, p42/44 MAPK, and p65/NF-kappaB signals by PTX may be therapeutically relevant and provide an explanation for the anti-fractalkine effect of this drug.
Osteoblasts Have a Neural Origin in Heterotopic Ossification (2015)

The biogenesis of osteoblasts in HO is very different than expected and shows that HO is, at least in part, a neurological disorder. This could result in a major shift in orthopaedic methodologies to prevent or treat this disease. The fact that nerves are intimately involved in the process may also provide clues that will lead to an explanation of the clinical fact that HO often occurs as a result of traumatic brain injury.
Disk drive vintage and its effect on reliability (2004)

Field failure data for 3 disk drive families from 3 drive manufacturers is analyzed. The analyses illustrate the effects of design and manufacturing process improvements implemented throughout the drive's production life on the reliability of disk drives. Also, the resultant effect of convolution of different shipment volumes and different vintage drives reliability is studied. Two drive families show distinct reliability differences between drive vintages. The newer vintage drives are more reliable than the older vintage drives. One interesting observation is the ratio of average failure rate during the first three or four months of production to the average failure rate later in time when failure rate has stabilized. This ratio is observed to be between 2 and 3. One drive family, on the other hand, showed almost no difference in the reliability between vintages because of a dominant failure mechanism that was unaffected by most of the design and manufacturing process changes implemented. Also, if the shipment volumes are high in the beginning period of the drive shipments the overall reliability of the field population may be lower due to a high contribution of the early vintage drives with higher failure rates.
Rapamycin nanoparticles target defective autophagy in muscular dystrophy to enhance both strength and cardiac function (2014)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy in boys progresses rapidly to severe impairment of muscle function and death in the second or third decade of life. Current supportive therapy with corticosteroids results in a modest increase in strength as a consequence of a general reduction in inflammation, albeit with potential untoward long-term side effects and ultimate failure of the agent to maintain strength. Here, we demonstrate that alternative approaches that rescue defective autophagy in mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, with the use of rapamycin-loaded nanoparticles induce a reproducible increase in both skeletal muscle strength and cardiac contractile performance that is not achievable with conventional oral rapamycin, even in pharmacological doses. This increase in physical performance occurs in both young and adult mice, and, surprisingly, even in aged wild-type mice, which sets the stage for consideration of systemic therapies to facilitate improved cell function by autophagic disposal of toxic byproducts of cell death and regeneration.
The electrical constants of a material loaded with spherical particles (1947)

The paper investigates the values of permittivity and permeability of a mixture consisting of a homogeneous material in which particles are embedded. Formulae are found which are valid at high frequencies, so long as the size of the particle is small compared with the wavelength and the packing is not too great.Special cases treated are iron-dust cores and expanded dielectrics in which the “particles” are air bubbles. For ferromagnetic materials, weak fields only are assumed, so that the results refer to initial permeability.On account of the heterogeneity of the mixture, the permeability may become “lossy” (i.e. μ may be complex). Even when the substances are all non-ferromagnetic, the permeability of the mixture may depart from unity, or be complex.
Sector error rate estimation of concatenated codes in magnetic recording (2002)

A statistical simulation method is introduced to estimate the sector error rate (SER) of proposed triply concatenated coding systems for magnetic hard disk drives. The outer code is a standard interleaved Reed-Solomon code. The 'middle' codes are run length limiting codes used to demonstrate the effect of error propagation. The inner code(s) are block codes with 1 or 3 parity check bits. First, a baud rate simulation is used to estimate sufficient statistics to extrapolate ECC performance. Second, a Monte Carlo error event simulator generates error instances which are simply checked for correctability. In all code combinations the apparent SNR gains when considering error (or bit) event rates are considerably lessened or completely lost when considering SER.
Implementing the Asynchronous Reversible Computing Paradigm in Josephson Junction Circuits. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
Model-based heart rate control during robot-assisted gait training (2011)

In recent years, gait robots have become increasingly common for gait rehabilitation in non-ambulatory stroke patients. Cardiovascular treadmill training, which has been shown to provide great benefit to stroke survivors, cannot be performed with non-ambulatory patients. We therefore integrated cardiovascular training in robot-assisted gait therapy to combine the benefits of both training modi. We developed a model of human heart rate as a function of exercise parameters during robot-assisted gait training and applied it for automatic control purposes. This structural model of the physiological processes describes the change in heart rate caused by treadmill speed and the power exchanged between robot and subject. We performed physiological parameter estimation for each tested individual and designed a model-based feedback controller to guide heart rate to a desired time profile. Five healthy subjects and eight stroke patients were recorded for model parameter identification, which was successfully used for heart rate control of three healthy subjects. We showed that a model-based control approach can take into account patient-specific limitations of treadmill speed as well as individual power expenditure.
The relation between Ashworth scale scores and the excitability of the alpha motor neurones in patients with post-stroke muscle spasticity (2003)

There is a relation between the MAS scores and alpha motor neurone excitability, although it is not linear. This suggests that the MAS measures muscle hypertonia rather than spasticity.
Detection and tracking of RC model aircraft in LWIR microgrid polarimeter data (2011)

The LWIR microgrid Polarized InfraRed Advanced Tactical Experiment (PIRATE) sensor was used to image several types of RC model aircraft at varying ranges and speeds under different background conditions. The data were calibrated and preprocessed using recently developed microgrid processing algorithms prior to estimation of the thermal (s<sub>0</sub>) and polarimetric (s<sub>1</sub> and s<sub>2</sub>) Stokes vector images. The data were then analyzed to assess the utility of polarimetric information when the thermal s0 data is augmented with s<sub>1</sub> and s<sub>2</sub> information for several model aircraft detection and tracking scenarios. Multi-variate analysis tools were applied in conjunction with multi-hypothesis detection schemes to assess detection performance of the aircraft under different background clutter conditions. We find that polarization is able to improve detection performance when compared with the corresponding thermal data in nearly all cases. A tracking algorithm was applied to a sequence of s<sub>0</sub> and corresponding degree of linear polarization (DoLP) images. An initial assessment was performed to determine whether polarization information can provide additional utility in these tracking scenarios.
A Set of Semianalytical Solutions for Parameter Estimation in Diffusion Cell Experiments (1998)

Abstract. In this paper, semianalytical solutions to the diffusion problem are developed under the conditions of diffusion cell experiments, which involve finite liquid volumes and temporally variable concentrations in the upstream and downstream reservoirs. These solutions account for diffusion in the pores, surface diffusion, mass transfer between the mobile and immobile water fractions, linear sorption (equilibrium, kinetic or irreversible), and radioactive decay. Fully analytical solutions for both through-diffusion and reservoir-depletion studies are obtained in the Laplace space, which are subsequently numerically inverted to provide the solution in time. The effects of the various diffusion, sorption and geometric parameters on the solutions are investigated, and scoping calculations for a realistic problem of radionuclide fate and transport are presented. Two numerical inversion schemes are evaluated, and are shown to produce comparable results. The semianalytical solutions are coupled with a history-matching algorithm, and diffusion and sorption parameters are estimated using experimental data. The semianalytical solutions are shown to have significant advantages over the conventional graphical approach because (a) they are not based on the often invalid assumption of constant upstream and negligible downstream concentrations, (b) they double theamountofdata fromwhich toextract thepertinent diffusionandsorption parameters, and (c) allow differentiation between equilibrium and kinetic sorption. 2 MORIDIS: A SET OF SEMIANALYTICAL DIFFUSION SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFUSION CELLS 1.
Early Intravenous Infusion of Sodium Nitrite Protects Brain Against In Vivo Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (2006)

Nitrite exerted profound neuroprotective effects with antioxidant properties in the ischemic brains. These results suggest that nitrite, as a biological storage reserve of NO, may be a novel therapeutic agent in the setting of acute stroke.