gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Binding of viral glycoprotein with trypsin and its relation to virulency. II. Comparison between bovine and Streptomyces griseus trypsins. (1991)

The two step nature of the binding reaction between trypsin and viral glycoproteins was further investigated using two types of trypsin, bovine trypsin and Streptomyces griseus trypsin. The experimental results were explained by the van der Waals energy operating in the second step, suggesting that the conformational aspects, in addition to the electrostatic nature, of the interacting peptides are decisive in this specific process.
Integration of poly buffered LOCOS and gate processing for submicrometer isolation technique (1991)

A modified poly buffered LOCOS (PBL) process is described which simplifies processing and provides advantages over conventional PBL and LOCOS processes. The use of a poly buffer between the pad oxide and the nitride layer offers the opportunity of integrating the poly gate deposition and the field isolating process and overcomes the processing difficulties of the conventional PBL while maintaining the advantage of a narrow spacing between active areas (THINOX). The process sequence of the conventional PBL and the integrated PBL (IPBL) process are summarized.
Unique Composite Active Site of the Hepatitis C Virus NS2‐3 Protease: a New Opportunity for Antiviral Drug Design (2007)

The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of hepatitis C virus NS2-3 protease reveals a unique composite active site. Information from the structure may lead to the design of new antiviral drugs to control liver disease.
Mutagenic Analysis of the 3′<i>cis</i>-Acting Elements of the Rubella Virus Genome (1999)

Thermodynamically predicted secondary structure analysis of the 3'-terminal 305 nucleotides (nt) of the rubella virus (RUB) genome, a region conserved in all RUB defective interfering RNAs, revealed four stem-loop (SL) structures; SL1 and SL2 are both located in the E1 coding region, while SL3 and SL4 are within the 59-nt 3' untranslated region (UTR) preceding the poly(A) tract. SL2 is a structure shown to interact with human calreticulin (CAL), an autoantigen potentially involved in RUB RNA replication and pathogenesis. RNase mapping indicated that SL2 and SL3 are in equilibrium between two conformations, in the second of which the previously proposed CAL binding site in SL2, a U-U bulge, is not formed. Site-directed mutagenesis of the 3' UTR with a RUB infectious clone, Robo302, revealed that most of the 3' UTR is required for viral viability except for the 3'-terminal 5 nt and the poly(A) tract, although poly(A) was rapidly regenerated during subsequent replication. Maintenance of the overall SL3 structure, the 11-nt single-stranded sequence between SL3 and SL4, and the sequences forming SL4 were all important for viral viability. Studies on the interaction between host factors and the 3' UTR showed the formation of three RNA-protein complexes by gel mobility shift assay, and UV-induced cross-linking detected six host protein species, with molecular masses of 120, 80, 66, 55, 48, and 36 kDa, interacting with the 3' UTR. Site-directed mutagenesis of SL2 by nucleotide substitutions showed that maintenance of SL2 stem rather than the U-U bulge was critical in CAL binding since mutants having the U-U bulge base paired had a similar binding activity for CAL as the native structure whereas mutants having the SL2 stem destabilized had much lower binding activity. However, all of these mutations gave rise to viable viruses when introduced into Robo302, indicating that binding of CAL to SL2 is independent of viral viability.
T-lymphocytic leukemia expresses complex, branched O-linked oligosaccharides on a major sialoglycoprotein, leukosialin (1991)

Leukocytes express a major sialoglycoprotein, leukosialin, of which the apparent molecular weight (mol wt) can be variable according to the differences in O-glycans attached to this molecule. In the present study, we analyzed the structures of O-glycans attached to leukosialin present in various T-lymphocytic leukemia cells. T-lymphoid cells from patients with acute T-lymphocytic leukemia express a large amount of the branched hexasaccharides, NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc, which are also expressed in activated normal T lymphocytes, but that are almost absent in resting normal T lymphocytes. T-lymphoid cells from patients with chronic T-lymphocytic leukemia, on the other hand, mainly express the tetrasaccharides NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2---- 6)GalNAc on leukosialin, but they also express a small significant amount of the hexasaccharides. The same hexasaccharides can be detected in thymocytes. The increased amount of the hexasaccharides in acute leukemia is associated with increased activity of beta 1----6 GlcNAc- transferase, a key enzyme in forming the hexasaccharides. Immunoblot analysis of cell lysates showed that monoclonal antibody (MoAb) T-305 reacts preferentially with leukosialin of high mol wt containing the hexasaccharides. These findings indicate that T-lymphocytic leukemia cells reexpress the oligosaccharides present in immature cells.
A REDUCED PARAMETER SECOND-ORDER VOLTERRA FILTER WITH APPLICATION TO NONLINEAR ADAPTIVE PREDICTION OF CHAOTIC TIME SERIES (2001)

A reduced parameter second-order Volterra filter (RPSOVF) which is constructed by the multiplication-coupled two linear FIR filters, and its nonlinear normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm is proposed; and this RPSOVF with nonlinear NLMS algorithm are used to make adaptive predictions of chaotic time series. The rule of selecting convergent assistant parameters of the nonlinear NLMS algorithm is obtained. Experimental results show that this reduced parameter second-order Volterra filter with the nonlinear NLMS algorithm can be successfully used to make adaptive predictions of chaotic time series, and the modified nonlinear NLMS algorithm enables RPSOVF to converge and stabilize.
Comparative analysis of the immune responses induced by native versus recombinant versions of the ASP-based vaccine against the bovine intestinal parasite Cooperia oncophora (2017)

The protective capacities of a native double-domain activation-associated secreted protein (ndd-ASP)-based vaccine against the cattle intestinal nematode Cooperia oncophora has previously been demonstrated. However, protection analysis upon vaccination with a recombinantly produced antigen has never been performed. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to test the protective potential of a Pichia-produced double-domain ASP (pdd-ASP)-based vaccine against C. oncophora. Additionally, we aimed to compare the cellular and humoral mechanisms underlying the vaccine-induced responses by the native (ndd-ASP) and recombinant vaccines. Immunisation of cattle with the native C. oncophora vaccine conferred significant levels of protection after an experimental challenge infection, whereas the recombinant vaccine did not. Moreover, vaccination with ndd-ASP resulted in a higher proliferation of CD4-T cells both systemically and in the small intestinal mucosa when compared with animals vaccinated with the recombinant antigen. In terms of humoral response, although both native and recombinant vaccines induced similar levels of antibodies, animals vaccinated with the native vaccine were able to raise antibodies with greater specificity towards ndd-ASP in comparison with antibodies raised by vaccination with the recombinant vaccine, suggesting a differential immune recognition towards the ndd-ASP and pdd-ASP. Finally, the observation that animals displaying antibodies with higher percentages of recognition towards ndd-ASP also exhibited the lowest egg counts suggests a potential relationship between antibody specificity and protection.
Analog Iterative LDPC Decoder Based on Margin Propagation (2007)

A margin propagation (MP) algorithm that can be used for implementing analog decoders for low-density parity check (LDPC) codes is presented. Unlike conventional sum-product analog decoders that rely on translinear operation of transistors, MP decoders use addition, subtraction and threshold operations, and therefore can be mapped onto different analog circuit topologies (current-mode, charge-mode, or nonelectronic circuits). This brief describes salient properties of the MP decoding algorithm and compares its performance to the sum-product and the min-sum (MS) decoding algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that MP based LDPC decoders achieve nearly an identical bit error rate performance as their sum-product counterparts and achieve superior performance as compared to the MS decoding algorithm. Results presented in this brief also demonstrate that, when messages in LDPC decoding are corrupted by additive noise, the MP decoding algorithm delivers superior performance compared to its sum-product and MS counterparts.
Visually lossless JPEG2000 using adaptive visibility thresholds and visual masking effects (2009)

This paper proposes a method of encoding images in a visually lossless manner using adaptive visibility thresholds and visual masking effects within the framework of JPEG2000. Our adaptive visibility thresholds (VTs) are determined through psychophysical experiments for measuring quantization distortion models, which are based on the variance of wavelet coefficients and the characteristics of the deadzone quantizer of JPEG2000. These VTs are further adjusted using visual masking effects present in the background image where distortion appears, and are used to determine the quantization level in the embedded bit-plane coder for visually lossless coding. The proposed method modifies the distortion calculation and codestream generation stages in the encoder and the resulting codestreams are fully compatible with Part-I of the JPEG2000. Compared with numerically lossless compression of JPEG2000, the proposed method achieves a 60% reduction in bitrate without visual quality degradation. Also, the proposed method yields superior image quality at equivalent bitrates, compared with conventional JPEG2000 encoders.
Robot-assisted gait training (Lokomat) improves walking function and activity in people with spinal cord injury: a systematic review (2017)

PROSPERO (CRD 42016037366 ). Registered 6 April 2016.
Amplitude and Frequency Dependence of Spike Timing: Implications for Dynamic Regulation (2003)

The spike-time reliability of motoneurons in the Aplysia buccal motor ganglion was studied as a function of the frequency content and the relative amplitude of the fluctuations in the neuronal input, calculated as the coefficient of variation (CV). Measurements of spike-time reliability to sinusoidal and aperiodic inputs, as well as simulations of a noisy leaky integrate-and-fire neuron stimulated by spike trains drawn from a periodically modulated process, demonstrate that there are three qualitatively different CV-dependent mechanisms that determine reliability: noise-dominated (CV < 0.05 for Aplysia motoneurons) where spike timing is unreliable regardless of frequency content; resonance-dominated (CV approximately 0.05-0.25) where reliability is reduced by removal of input frequencies equal to motoneuron firing rate; and amplitude-dominated (CV >0.35) where reliability depends on input frequencies greater than motoneuron firing rate. In the resonance-dominated regime, changes in the activity of the presynaptic inhibitory interneuron B4/5 alter motoneuron spike-time reliability. The increases or decreases in reliability occur coincident with small changes in motoneuron spiking rate due to changes in interneuron activity. Injection of a hyperpolarizing current into the motoneuron reproduces the interneuron-induced changes in reliability. The rate-dependent changes in reliability can be understood from the phase-locking properties of regularly spiking motoneurons to periodic inputs. Our observations demonstrate that the ability of a neuron to support a spike-time code can be actively controlled by varying the properties of the neuron and its input.
Simultaneous estimation of vehicle dynamics and lane features for road safety applications (2009)

The objective of the proposed algorithm is to estimate the horizontal ego motion and the current pitch angle of a road vehicle at each point in time during its movement. The knowledge of these dynamics helps to improve the reliability and stability of a lane recognition algorithm. We realize this with a monochrome camera and conventional odometry data from the vehicle's CAN bus. For a vanishing point estimation a purely image based algorithm is applied. To associate the vanishing point of the image plane and the vehicle pitch angle, knowledge about their geometric relationship is necessary. We show a way to create this relation, to determine the current vehicle pitch angle and, to update the relation itself accordingly. Finally, the results of the data fusion with the supported lane detection are shown.
Optimizing Composition and Morphology for Large-Grain Perovskite Solar Cells via Chemical Control (2015)

We report solid iodine as a precursor additive for achieving purified organometallic perovskite crystals. By adding iodine, we found that the reaction can be pushed toward pure iodine phase rather than the kinetically favored chlorine phase. This approach can be applied in large crystalline perovskite solar cells and improved the average efficiency from 9.83% to 15.58%.
A Privacy-Preserving Location Monitoring System for Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Monitoring personal locations with a potentially untrusted server poses privacy threats to the monitored individuals. To this end, we propose a privacy-preserving location monitoring system for wireless sensor networks. In our system, we design two in-network location anonymization algorithms, namely, resource and quality-aware algorithms, that aim to enable the system to provide high-quality location monitoring services for system users, while preserving personal location privacy. Both algorithms rely on the well-established k-anonymity privacy concept, that is, a person is indistinguishable among k persons, to enable trusted sensor nodes to provide the aggregate location information of monitored persons for our system. Each aggregate location is in a form of a monitored area A along with the number of monitored persons residing in A, where A contains at least k persons. The resource-aware algorithm aims to minimize communication and computational cost, while the quality-aware algorithm aims to maximize the accuracy of the aggregate locations by minimizing their monitored areas. To utilize the aggregate location information to provide location monitoring services, we use a spatial histogram approach that estimates the distribution of the monitored persons based on the gathered aggregate location information. Then, the estimated distribution is used to provide location monitoring services through answering range queries. We evaluate our system through simulated experiments. The results show that our system provides high-quality location monitoring services for system users and guarantees the location privacy of the monitored persons.
Low‐molecular‐weight succinoglycan is predominantly produced by <i>Rhizobium meliloti</i> strains carrying a mutated ExoP protein characterized by a periplasmic N‐terminal domain and a missing C‐terminal domain (1995)

The membrane topology of the Rhizobium meliloti 2011 ExoP protein involved in polymerization and export of succinoglycan was analysed by translational fusions of lacZ and phoA reporter genes to the exoP gene. Based on this analysis, the ExoP protein could be divided into an N-terminal domain mainly located in the periplasmic space and a C-terminal domain located in the cytoplasm. Whereas the C-terminal domain of ExoP is characterized by a potential nucleotide-binding motif, the N-terminal ExoP domain contains the sequence motif 'PX2PX4SPKX11GXMXG', which is also present in proteins involved in the determination of O-antigen chain length. R. meliloti strains carrying mutated exoP* genes, exclusively encoding the N-terminal ExoP domain, produced a reduced amount of succinoglycan. This reduction could be suppressed by a mutation in the regulatory gene exoR. The ratio of low-molecular-weight to high-molecular-weight succinoglycan was significantly increased in the exoP* mutant strain. In the exoP*/exoR mutant strain only low-molecular-weight succinoglycan could be detected. Based on sequence homologies and similar hydropathic profiles, the N-terminal domain of ExoP was proposed to be a member of a protein family thought to be involved in polysaccharide chain-length determination.
Application of the KolibriSensor® to combined atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic-force microscopy imaging (2010)

Combined atomic-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic-force microscopy (NC-AFM) studies are carried out with the piezoelectric KolibriSensor in ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature. The sensor exhibits a very low spectral deflection noise density of only 6.5 fm/Hz which favors in combination with its high spring constant of 540 000 N/m stable NC-AFM operation at subnanometer oscillation amplitudes. The authors present atomic-resolution imaging on the Si(111)(7×7) surface recorded in STM and NC-AFM feedback mode. They find that the tip surface distance during atomic-resolution imaging on silicon is much smaller for NC-AFM compared to STM. It is shown that atomic-resolution NC-AFM and dynamic STM images of the same area on the Si(111)(7×7) surface enable a discrimination of vacancies and adsorbates. Furthermore, the topography of graphite imaged in dynamic STM and NC-AFM feedback mode is compared.
LOGISTICS OF INFORMATION: CASE STUDY ON THE MANAGERIALINFORMATION MOBILITY IN AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPANY (2008)

This article verifies the usefulness of new technologies
					for mobility of corporate information. There is the large volume of
					technology provided by various vendors in market, where demand has
					been influenced by superficial attributes, focusing on price and
					innovation to the detriment of the utility that this technology can
					add to business. There is a gap between theory of movement, which
					advocates the information available at the time the user needs, and
					the vision of the market, which combines mobility of equipment used
					to generate the information. Questions itself as a company in
					assessing the validity of the theory with the market proposal the
					mobility of information? The market sees the need for mobility so
					that users can gain in its activities? To check the mobility of
					information in logistics, was conducted a case study qualitatively,
					from literature and field, a Brazilian company of the
					agroindustrial sector, Perdigao SA, which in the capillary action
					and diversity of functions, represents effective laboratory for
					such verification. He showed up with the analysis of mobility and
					logistics of information in a company, that the utility of
					information technology that determines the level of mobility of the
					user and ends with the gap between theory and practice in the
					market. That is, the real case shows that the utility overlaps the
					mobility, not advance Tuesday equipment if they will not generate
					the necessary information and also not too much information in
					advance Tuesday if it does not generate gains in business
					activities. It must have the equipment that will generate utility,
					it being understood this as a set of equipment which will generate
					the mobility and information which are necessary to generate
					business, decisions and result in earnings.
Liver Regeneration Using a Hybrid Artificial Liver Support System (2004)

We have developed two types of hybrid artificial liver support system (HALSS) that use hepatocyte organoid culture: (1) a PUF-HALSS comprising an artificial liver module using polyurethane foam (PUF), in which hepatocytes form spheroids in its pores, and maintained liver-specific functions for at least ten days in vitro; (2) an LLS-HALSS that uses a liver lobule-like structure (LLS) module containing hollow fibers with a microregular arrangement in which hepatocytes in the extra-fiber space of the module form the organoids by centrifugation that maintain liver-specific functions for at least two months in vitro. In preclinical experiments, a PUF-HALSS was applied to a pig having liver failure. To evaluate the effect of liver regeneration, a PUF- and an LLS-HALSS were applied to a rat having reversible hepatic failure. Each HALSS was effective in supporting liver function, stabilization of general conditions and recovery from liver failure state. These results indicate that these HALSS may be useful to treat liver failure patients until liver transplantation or until regeneration of the native liver.
Quantitative Analysis of Mixer‐Type Rheometers using the Couette Analogy (2002)

Abstract A procedure based on a Couette analogy, to quantitatively analyze torque/rotor speed data in order to extract viscosity/shear‐rate curves using non‐conventional geometries is presented. It is first validated using a relatively simple geometry for which the equivalent internal radius used in the analogy can be analytically obtained. The results showed that the equivalent internal radius depends only slightly on the nature of the fluid and that there is an optimal radial position r * in the analog Couette gap where the calculations can be easily performed for computing the viscosity/shear‐rate data from torque/rotational speed data. The experimental results with complex geometries and complex fluids are found to coincide, within experimental errors, with those obtained using standard geometries over a wide range of shear rates. The approach is also found to be very useful to evaluate shear‐rate and viscosity data in Couette viscometers when large gaps are used with non‐Newtonian fluids.
WIB: a new system concept for digital terrestrial television (DTT) (2016)

A new system concept for DTT, called “WiB”, is presented, where potentially all frequencies within the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band are used on all transmitter (TX) sites (i.e. reuse-1). Interference, especially from neighbouring transmitters operating on the same frequency and transmitting different information, is handled by a combination of a robust transmission mode, directional discrimination of the receiving antenna and interference cancellation methods. With this approach DTT may be transmitted as a single wideband signal, covering potentially the entire UHF band, from a single wideband transmitter per TX site. Thanks to a higher spectrum utilisation the approach allows for a dramatic reduction in fundamental power/cost and about 37-60% capacity increase for the same coverage as with current DTT. High speed mobile reception as well as fine granularity local services would also be supported, without loss of capacity. The paper also outlines further possible developments of WiB, e.g. doubling the capacity via cross-polar Multiple In Multiple Out (MIMO), backward-compatible with existing receiving antennas, and adding a second, WiB-mobile, Layer Division Multiplexing (LDM) layer within the same spectrum, either as mobile broadcast or as mobile broadband.