gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of IGF-I and IGF-binding proteins within diaphragm muscle in modulating the effects of nandrolone (2002)

Recent studies suggest that the anabolic effects of testosterone in muscle may be mediated, in part, by the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of nandrolone (NAN) on both IGF-I and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the diaphragm muscle of 1-yr-old female rats. NAN (6.6 mg. kg(-1) x day(-1)) was infused continuously for 17 days using a subcutaneous Silastic implant, whereas controls (CTL) received blank capsules. Muscle fibers were classified immunohistochemically, and fiber cross-sectional areas (CSA) were determined quantitatively. IGF-I levels in both serum and muscle were determined by RIA. Immunoreactivity to an IGF-I antibody was used to localize IGF-I expression within individual muscle fibers. Muscle IGFBPs were determined by SDS-PAGE and Western ligand blotting and measured by scanning densitometry. Body weight was higher in the NAN group compared with CTL (9.4 +/- 4.5% vs. -0.6 +/- 3.1%). There were no changes in the fiber composition of the diaphragm. NAN increased the CSA of type IIa (20%) and type IIx/b (30%) diaphragm fibers. Levels of IGF-I in the diaphragm muscle were significantly higher (50%) in NAN-treated animals. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased localization of IGF-I within type IIx/b diaphragm fibers. In addition, NAN increased IGFBP-3 within the diaphragm (69%), whereas IGFBP-4 decreased (40%). We conclude that NAN-induced diaphragm muscle fiber hypertrophy is mediated, in part, by influences of the IGF system within the muscle, such that coordinated changes in IGFBPs reflect a direction of change that has been associated with an anabolic response in other test systems.
Studies on pyrrolidinones. Derivatives of 1,2,3,5,10,10a‐hexahydrobenz[<i>f</i>]indolizine‐3,10‐dione (1983)

Abstract The Friedel‐Crafts reaction of N ‐(arylmethyi)‐5‐pyrrolidinone‐2‐carboxylic acids gives either a cyclization or a reaction with benzene (used as a solvent). Reactions such as reduction, keto substitution and lactam ring opening of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 10a‐hexahydrobenz[ f ]indolizine‐3, 10‐diones obtained by the method above have been studied.
The Stanford instructional television network (1970)

This article describes a novel, large-scale instructional television system now in operation at Stanford University, under the auspices of the School of Engineering. The network brings the campus classroom and instructor to graduate students employed by participating organizations at inconvenient distances from the school, and talk-back capability is included to provide a live classroom situation. No detailed analysis of the system's benefits has yet been made but, after approximately a year of operation, all informal reaction has been favorable.
Breakup length of forced liquid jets (2003)

The experimental breakup of liquid jets subjected to a sinusoidal perturbation is investigated in the Rayleigh and first wind-induced regimes. Stroboscopic illumination of the jet and laser photometry method are used. The ability of linear spatial and temporal theories to describe certain aspects of the phenomenon is stressed. A review of data in the literature shows that the limited experimental windows investigated so far do not allow definite conclusions to be drawn. Our results, obtained over a wide range of fluid viscosity and jet velocity values, show that the linear theory of Sterling and Sleicher accurately predicts the variation in breakup length with jet velocity. The exponential character of the initial growth of a monochromatic perturbation along the jet is also described quantitatively. These results were obtained by carefully controlling the initial jet surface perturbation. It is also shown that transient surface tension and jet contraction have to be taken into account to analyze the experimental results.
The management of refractory Crohn's disease (2002)

Refractoriness to conventional therapy is a common and intriguing problem in Crohn's disease patients. At the present time there is no agreement on its definition and several mechanisms are involved in its determination. Immunosuppressors, such as azathioprine (AZA), 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate (MTX) are effective drugs for controlling the inflammatory process and avoid chronic glucocorticosteroid treatment and its related side-effects. Recently, the introduction of tumour necrosis factor antibodies (infliximab) has dramatically changed the natural history of Crohn's disease and its therapeutic approach. Several studies have determined the efficacy, mechanisms and safety of infliximab. However, this molecular approach has also left several questions unanswered about the mechanisms of refractoriness, possible concomitant treatments and long-term safety and efficacy.
FURTHER STUDY OF AN IN-SITU IDENTIFICATION METHOD FOR ALKALI-SILICA REACTION PRODUCTS (1989)

The authors have recently published a new method for the in-situ identification of alkali-silica reaction (asr) products in concrete (see IRRD 813139). In essence, the asr products were identified by 'staining' them with uranyl ions, which have a characteristic fluorescence under ultraviolet (uv) light. This paper presents the results of petrographic and electron microprobe study of stained and unstained thin sections made from mortar bars containing reactive opal. It is shown that the uranyl ions are strongly adsorbed only on the gel-like products of alkali-silica reaction and not on cement hydration products. Only limited adsorption occurred on the altered opal grains themselves. The staining technique appears to uniquely identify the products of alkali-silica reaction. (a)
Phosphorisocyanate (1969)

Abstract Verbindungen mit der PNCO‐Gruppierung sind z. B. aus Phosphorhalogeniden und Silbercyanat oder N‐Chloriminokohlensäureestern sowie durch thermische Zersetzung von Alkoxycarbonyliminophosphoranen zu erhalten. In ihren chemischen Eigenschaften ähneln die Phosphor(V)‐isocyanate den „Kohlenstoff”︁‐isocyanaten, die Phosphor(III)‐isocyanate dagegen den Phosphor(III)‐chloriden. Einige der besprochenen Verbindungen haben insektizide oder cytostatische Wirkung.
Mammalian Trit1 is a tRNA[Ser]Sec-isopentenyl transferase required for full selenoprotein expression (2013)

Selenoproteins are proteins carrying the rare amino acid Sec (selenocysteine). Full expression of selenoproteins requires modification of tRNA([Ser]Sec), including N(6)-isopentenylation of base A(37). We show that Trit1 is a dimethylallyl:tRNA([Ser]Sec) transferase. Knockdown of Trit1 reduces expression of selenoproteins. Incubation of in vitro transcribed tRNA[Ser]Sec with recombinant Trit1 transfers [(14)C]dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to tRNA([Ser]Sec). 37A>G tRNA([Ser]Sec) is resistant to isopentenylation by Trit1.
Exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensation (2010)

In the past decade, a two-dimensional matter-light system called the microcavity exciton-polariton has emerged as a new promising candidate of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in solids. Many pieces of important evidence of polariton BEC have been established recently in GaAs and CdTe microcavities at the liquid helium temperature, opening a door to rich many-body physics inaccessible in experiments before. Technological progress also made polariton BEC at room temperatures promising. In parallel with experimental progresses, theoretical frameworks and numerical simulations are developed, and our understanding of the system has greatly advanced. In this article, recent experiments and corresponding theoretical pictures based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equations and the Boltzmann kinetic simulations for a finite-size BEC of polaritons are reviewed.
Functional Quorum Sensing Systems are Maintained during Chronic Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infections in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (2010)

Quorum sensing (QS) contributes to the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex lung infections. P. aeruginosa QS mutants are frequently isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. The objective of this study was to determine whether similar adaptations occur over time in B. cepacia complex isolates. Forty-five Burkholderia multivorans and Burkholderia cenocepacia sequential isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis were analyzed for N-acyl-homoserine lactone activity. All but one isolate produced N-acyl-homoserine lactones. The B. cenocepacia N-acyl-homoserine lactone-negative isolate contained mutations in cepR and cciR. Growth competition assays were performed that compared B. cenocepacia clinical and laboratory defined wild-type and QS mutants. Survival of the laboratory wild-type and QS mutants varied, dependent on the mutation. The clinical wild-type isolate demonstrated a growth advantage over its QS mutant. These data suggest that there is a selective advantage for strains with QS systems and that QS mutations do not occur at a high frequency in B. cepacia complex isolates.
British Hypertension Society guidelines for hypertension management 2004 (BHS-IV): summary (2004)

Much new evidence has emerged on the importance of blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; the importance of lifestyle measures for the prevention and treatment of hypertension; the efficacy and safety of different drug classes; management of hypertension in groups at higher risk, including people with diabetes; the importance of assessing the total risk of cardiovascular disease; and additional benefits associated with the use of statins.

Concern remains that national surveys continue to show substantial underdiagnosis, undertreatment, and poor rates of blood pressure control in the United Kingdom.1 A key reason for this is the predominant use of monotherapy by most doctors.1 To improve this suboptimal treatment, the British Hypertension Society recommends a treatment algorithm based on the AB/CD rule.2

Treatment of blood pressure alone will leave many hypertensive patients at unacceptably high risk of cardiovascular complications and death. This guideline reinforces the view that doctors should not focus solely on blood pressure but must also formally assess total risk of cardiovascular disease and use multifactorial interventions, including statins and aspirin, to reduce it. Most management of blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease will take place in primary care, and these guidelines are intended for general practitioners, practice nurses, and generalists in hospital practice. Detailed advice on implementation and the implications of the national service frameworks and the general medical services contract are contained in the full document (http://www.bhsoc.org/).3

These guidelines have been prepared by the guidelines working party of the British Hypertension Society on behalf of the society. The working party reviewed new data that have become available since the previous guidelines were published4 and amended the recommendations accordingly. Drafts of the full document were improved by consultation with …
Structure and mechanical properties of tungsten carbide films deposited by off-plane double bend filtered cathodic vacuum arc (2003)

High quality nanocrystalline tungsten carbide films were deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique at room temperatures. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the crystalline structure and surface morphology of the films. Substrate bending methods and nanoindenter were used to measure internal stress, hardness, and Young’s modulus of the films. The film structure evolves from a single hexagonal α-W2C phase to a mixture phase, which is composed of a hexagonal α-W2C, a cubic WC1−x, and a cubic W phase, as the substrate bias, which is always negative, is increased to 200 V. As the substrate bias is further increased, the film structure changes gradually to a single α-W2C phase again. The variation trends of internal stress, hardness, and Young’s modulus with the substrate bias are similar. They increase with substrate bias, reaching a maximum of 7.2, 26, and 270 GPa, respectively, at a substrate bias of 200 V, then decrease with further increase of substrate bias.
Enhanced xylose fermentation and ethanol production by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (2015)

We have recently demonstrated that heterologous expression of a bacterial xylose isomerase gene (xylA) of Burkholderia cenocepacia enabled a laboratorial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain to ferment xylose anaerobically, without xylitol accumulation. However, the recombinant yeast fermented xylose slowly. In this study, an evolutionary engineering strategy was applied to improve xylose fermentation by the xylA-expressing yeast strain, which involved sequential batch cultivation on xylose. The resulting yeast strain co-fermented glucose and xylose rapidly and almost simultaneously, exhibiting improved ethanol production and productivity. It was also observed that when cells were grown in a medium containing higher glucose concentrations before being transferred to fermentation medium, higher rates of xylose consumption and ethanol production were obtained, demonstrating that xylose utilization was not regulated by catabolic repression. Results obtained by qPCR demonstrate that the efficiency in xylose fermentation showed by the evolved strain is associated, to the increase in the expression of genes HXT2 and TAL1, which code for a low-affinity hexose transporter and transaldolase, respectively. The ethanol productivity obtained after the introduction of only one genetic modification and the submission to a one-stage process of evolutionary engineering was equivalent to those of strains submitted to extensive metabolic and evolutionary engineering, providing solid basis for future applications of this strategy in industrial strains.
Efficient parallelizable algorithm for the motion simulation of general multi-rigid-body mechanical systems (1999)

A novel parallel procedure for the formulation and numerical solution of the equations of motion associated with multibody mechanical systems is presented. Specifically, the formation of the equations of motion, with their solution for system state derivatives and subsequent temporal integration is performed on parallel computing systems. Based on the explicit determination of constraint forces at certain key joint locations and the subsequent highly efficient determination of system state time derivatives, this novel procedure may be viewed as hybridizations between more traditional methods in a number of ways. First, the procedure takes advantage of elements of improved computing efficiency from both parallel computations and the sequential order-N ( O(N)) algorithm to achieve the higher overall computing efficiency. Second, the algorithm uses a hybrid direct and iterative solution scheme which allows a substantially higher degree of parallelization than is generally obtainable using the more conventional recursive O( N) procedures. Third, the dynamical formulation is a hybrid form of state space and descriptor representations. Finally, a theoretical time optimal O(log2N) performance on computational turnaround with a processor optimal O( N) processors can be achieved on a Multi-Instruction, MultiData (MIMD) architecture processing system. 
The algorithm should more easily accommodate the available (often sub-optimal) number of processors while still maintaining higher efficiency than other parallel procedures. At one extreme, the new procedure will produce true non-iterative O(N) performance when used sequentially on a single processor. At the other extreme, the algorithm will provide coarse grain parallelization of an N body system to O(N) processors potentially and theoretically providing O( log2N) computational performance. The approach maintains many of the desirable characteristics of the sequential O( N) procedures which allow it to perform well when the number of bodies in the simulation is significantly greater than the number of available processors. 
Theoretical formulations are derived by means of methods developed in dynamics, numerics and computer science. Numerical programs based on the theoretical formulations are presented for validation, and along with typical case studies and performance comparison.
A glucuronoxylan-specific xylanase from a new Paenibacillus favisporus strain isolated from tropical soil of Brazil. (2014)

A new xylanolytic strain, Paenibacillus favisporus CC02-N2, was isolated from sugarcane plantation fields in Brazil. The strain had a xylan-degrading system with multiple enzymes, one of which, xylanase Xyn30A, was identified and characterized. The enzyme is a single-domain xylanase belonging to family 30 of the glycosyl hydrolases (GH30). Xyn30A shows high activity on glucuronoxylans, with a Vmax of 267.2 U mg⁻¹, a Km of 4.0 mg/ml, and a kcat of 13,333 min⁻¹ on beechwood xylan, but it does not hydrolyze arabinoxylans. The three-dimensional structure of Xyn30A consists of a common (β/α)8 barrel linked to a side-chain-associated β-structure, similar to previously characterized GH30 xylanases. The hydrolysis products from glucuronoxylan were methylglucuronic-acid-substituted xylooligomers (acidic xylooligosaccharides). The enzyme bound to insoluble xylan but not to crystalline cellulose. Our results suggest a specific role for Xyn30A in xylan biodegradation in natural habitats. The enzyme is a good candidate for the production of tailored xylooligosaccharides for use in the food industry and in the biotechnological transformation of biomass.
Combined Residual Echo And Noise Reduction: A Novel Psychoacoustically Motivated Algorithm (1998)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
Master's Level Supervision Training (2016)

Counselor preparation is lacking appropriate supervision training for master’s level counselors. Post-graduation, many master’s level counselors assume supervisory positions. Authors propose master’s level supervision training. Five supervisors-in-training participated in this study. Results indicate significant increases in supervision self-efficacy for supervisors-in-training. Benefits of supervision training in master’s level counselor education training programs is illustrated.
Successful Treatment of Aplastic Variant of Hairy-cell Leukaemia with Deoxycoformycin (2002)

The case of a patient with the aplastic variant of hairy cell leukaemia, successfully treated with the drug Deoxycoformycin(Pentostatin), is presented. It is very important to be aware of this rare variant of a rare disease so that the right treatment can be offered.
Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyl Detection Based on a Genetically Engineered Bioluminescent Whole-Cell Sensing System (2007)

The metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), such as hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs), have been identified as environmental contaminants. Various studies have shown that some OH-PCBs can potentially contribute to health problems. Detection of these compounds in environmental and biological samples could provide useful information about their levels and lead to a better understanding of their apparent toxicity. To that end, we have developed a whole-cell sensing system for the detection of OH-PCBs by taking advantage of the recognition of a group of related compounds, i.e., hydroxylated biphenyls, by the product of the hbpR gene in the hbp operon from Pseudomonas azelaica strain HBP1. By fusing the luxAB genes, encoding the reporter protein bacterial luciferase, to the hbp regulator-promoter sequence, a whole-cell sensing system was developed. Here, we describe the optimization and application of this whole-cell sensing system for the detection of a model compound, 2-hydroxy-3',4'-dichlorobiphenyl. A detection limit of 1 x 10(-8) M was achieved using this system. The detection of a broad range of individual OH-PCBs as well as an OH-PCB mixture was investigated. The system can detect OH-PCBs in whole serum samples in a trace amount, which is comparable to the detection of these analytes in medium alone. We envision that the method developed can potentially be employed as a rapid and sensitive way to monitor OH-PCBs for toxicological study in the laboratory, as well as a useful tool to evaluate the presence of bioavailable OH-PCBs in natural environments.
A resonant circular polarization selective structure of closely spaced wire helices (2015)

Abstract A circular polarization selective structure (CPSS) reflects one handedness of circular polarization and transmits the other. We present a resonant CPSS consisting of closely spaced wire helices. Simulation results demonstrate that the design can operate over ±20° angle of incidence variation and has a bandwidth of about 10% at normal incidence. A suggested design case is presented, where the CPSS is implemented in a shared aperture circular polarization offset reflector antenna for satellite communication in the K u band uplink of Australia at 17.3 GHz < f < 18.1 GHz.
Image Quality Assessment of Tone Mapped Images (2015)

This paper proposes an objective assessment method for perceptual image quality of tone mapped images. Tone mapping algorithms are used to display high dynamic range (HDR) images onto standard display devices that have low dynamic range (LDR). The proposed method implements visual attention to define perceived structural distortion regions in LDR images, so that a reasonable measurement of distortion between HDR and LDR images can be performed. Since the human visual system is sensitive to structural information, quality metrics that can measure structural similarity between HDR and LDR images are used. Experimental results with a number of HDR and tone mapped image pairs show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Interaction of picosecond optical pulses with high <i>T</i> <i>c</i> superconducting films (1989)

Infrared pulses (1.06 μm wavelength, ≊150 ps long) from a Nd:YAG laser illuminated a superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 granular film, 0.7 μm thick. This caused the film to switch from the superconducting to the normal (resistive) state in less than 2 ns, followed by a much slower recovery ∼1 μs. The initial fast switching may be explained by nonequilibrium hot-electron energy transfer from the top absorbing layer (≊100 nm thick) through the film, followed by an essentially bolometric response and cooldown via equilibrium thermal conduction out of the film.