gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fiducial marker detection and pose estimation from LIDAR range data (2010)

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems are three dimensional (3D) imaging sensors applied for mapping terrain, measuring structural dimensions, and navigating robots. Pulsed laser rangefinders provide precise range measurements that require an estimate of sensor pose for transformation into world coordinates. Pose information is frequently provided with extrinsic sources such as Global Positioning System (GPS) or an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Unreliable signal availability for GPS in military environments and the high cost of IMUs limit the employment of these extrinsic sources. Determining pose intrinsically by detecting landmarks in the environment within the sensor data is more ideal. Fiducial markers with known geometric dimensions and orientation provide a means of estimating LIDAR pose and registering data. Presented is a method for landmark detection and pose estimation within range data. Cylinder, cone, and sphere geometries are assessed for use as fiducial markers. The detection algorithm extracts geometric features from LIDAR point data and tests for fit to a fiducial marker model. Geometric feature extraction compresses the data set and leads to a potential intrinsic registration method using environment and marks. The detection accuracy and pose estimation precision are examined with terrestrial LIDAR range data captured in various outdoor street environments.
Impact of 30 days exposure of whole Paper mill effluent (WRPBILE) on nucleic acid profile in the liver and gonad of freshwater teleost Mystus vittatus during annual reproductive cycle (2012)

The present study has been undertaken to investigate the biochemical alterations in teleost fish Mystus vittatus after chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of paper mill effluent for 30 days. a quantitative estimation of DNA and RNA material was made in liver and gonadal tissues throughout the reproductive cycle of the fish. The biochemical variables studied in the control fish showed the maximum values during the spawning phase as compared to other phases of the reproductive cycle of the fish. The changes produced in the nucleic acid content on account of chronic exposure of the fishes for 30 days to 0.4 (40%) and 0.8(80%) of 96 h LC50 of WRBBILE stress were found to be close dependent, being relatively much higher in case of 0.8 WRPBILE when compared to 0.4 WRPBILE. This phenomenon was observed during the three phases of the annual reproductive cycle of the fish. The DNA as well as RNA contents in liver, testis and ovary tissues showed a reduction in case of both the sublethal concentration of effluent in all the three phases of the reproductive cycle. The changes produced by WRPBILE stress were found to statistically very significant in all the phases except in the case of RNA content of testis during the post spawning phase of the fishes exposed to 0.4 WRPBILE. The present study concludes stress induced depletion might be due to degradation of cells, nuclear material and metabolic dysfunction in response to WRPBILE toxicity in the fish.
Uplink and downlink experimental CDMA overlay ofGSM network in fading environment (1999)

A broadband 64 kbit/s DS-CDMA overlay in the same frequency space as a GSM signal has been implemented experimentally in a fading environment. With a single CDMA user, error-free operation of both systems was demonstrated over a 39 and 58 dB dynamic range for the uplink and the downlink, respectively. The work utilised a novel CDMA receiver architecture that enabled a 30 dB digital notch filter to be applied at RF. This represents the first experimental demonstration of a true GSM network overlay in a realistic radio channel.
Use of ketoxime derivatives to prepare .alpha.-acetoxy ketones (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of ketoxime derivatives to prepare .alpha.-acetoxy ketonesHerbert O. House and Forrest A. Richey Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 5, 1430–1439Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01257a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01257a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydroxylation of <italic>o</italic>-Halogenophenol and <italic>o</italic>-Nitrophenol by Salicylate Hydroxylase<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref> (1991)

Salicylate hydroxylase [EC 1.14.13.1] from Pseudomonas putida catalyzed the formation of catechol from substrate analogues such as o-nitro-, o-amino-, o-iodo-, o-bromo-, and o-chloro-phenol by removing the ortho-substituted groups. They are converted into nitrite, ammonia, and halide ions, respectively. Kinetic parameters of these reactions were determined by spectrophotometric and polarographic methods. Hydroxylation of o-nitro- or o-iodophenol proceeds with the unusual stoichiometry of 2:1:1 for consumed NADH, O2-uptake, and catechol formed. Other ortho-substituted phenols examined also gave the same results. Like salicylate, these substrates perturb the absorption spectrum of salicylate hydroxylase in the visible region, indicating the formation of enzyme.substrate complexes. Titration experiments with ortho-substituted phenols gave the dissociation constants of the complexes. The complexes were quantitatively reduced with NADH or dithionite without detectable formation of the intermediates. The fact that one atom of 18O2 was incorporated into the produced catechol in hydroxylation of o-nitrophenol indicates that the reaction is of monooxygenase nature. It is concluded that salicylate hydroxylase cleaves the C-N and C-X bonds of ortho-substituted phenols.
Machine Learning for 100 Gb/s/<italic>λ</italic> Passive Optical Network (2018)

Responding to the growing bandwidth demand by emerging applications, such as fixed-mobile convergence for fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G, 100 Gb/s/λ access network becomes the next research focus of passive optical network (PON) roadmap. Intensity modulation and direct detection (IMDD) technology is still considered as a promising candidate for 100 Gb/s/λ PON attributed to its low cost, low power consumption, and small footprint. In this paper, we achieve 100 Gb/s/λ IMDD PON by using 20G-class optical and electrical devices due to its commercial availability. To mitigate the system linear and nonlinear distortions, neural network (NN) based equalizer is used and the performance is compared with feedforward equalizer (FFE) and Volterra nonlinear equalizer (VNE). We introduce the rules to train and test the data while using NN-based equalizer to guarantee a fair comparison with FFE and VNE. Random data have to be used for training, but for test, both random data and pseudorandom bit sequence are applicable. We found that the NN-based equalizer has the same performance with FFE and VNE in the case of linear distortion, but outperforms them in a strong nonlinearity case. In the experiment, to improve the loss budget, we increase the launch power to 18 dBm, achieving a 30-dB loss budget for 33 GBd/s PAM8 signal at the system frequency response of 16.2 GHz, attributed to the strong nonlinear equalization capability of NN.
16-Aza-<i>ent</i>-beyerane and 16-Aza-<i>ent</i>-trachylobane:  Potent Mechanism-Based Inhibitors of Recombinant <i>ent</i>-Kaurene Synthase from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2007)

The secondary ent-beyeran-16-yl carbocation (7) is a key branch point intermediate in mechanistic schemes to rationalize the cyclic structures of many tetra- and pentacyclic diterpenes, including ent-beyerene, ent-kaurene, ent-trachylobane, and ent-atiserene, presumed precursors to >1000 known diterpenes. To evaluate these mechanistic hypotheses, we synthesized the heterocyclic analogues 16-aza-ent-beyerane (12) and 16-aza-ent-trachylobane (13) by means of Hg(II)- and Pb(IV)-induced cyclizations onto the Delta12 double bonds of tricyclic intermediates bearing carbamoylmethyl and aminomethyl groups at C-8. The 13,16-seco-16-norcarbamate (20a) was obtained from ent-beyeran-16-one oxime (17) by Beckmann fragmentation, hydrolysis, and Curtius rearrangement. The aza analogues inhibited recombinant ent-kaurene synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana (GST-rAtKS) with inhibition constants (IC50 = 1 x 10-7 and 1 x 10-6 M) similar in magnitude to the pseudo-binding constant of the bicyclic ent-copalyl diphosphate substrate (Km = 3 x 10-7 M). Large enhancements of binding affinities (IC50 = 4 x 10-9 and 2 x 10-8 M) were observed in the presence of 1 mM pyrophosphate, which is consistent with a tightly bound ent-beyeranyl+/pyrophosphate- ion pair intermediate in the cyclization-rearrangement catalyzed by this diterpene synthase. The weak inhibition (IC50 = 1 x 10-5 M) exhibited by ent-beyeran-16-exo-yl diphosphate (11) and its failure to undergo bridge rearrangement to kaurene appear to rule out the covalent diphosphate as a free intermediate. 16-Aza-ent-beyerane is proposed as an effective mimic for the ent-beyeran-16-yl carbocation with potential applications as an active site probe for the various ent-diterpene cyclases and as a novel, selective inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis in plants.
Low voltage bus interface logic: Constraints and challenges for the future (2002)

Microprocessors and memory designs have been the driving factor in pushing power supply voltages from 5 V to 3.3 V. As such, the need for the system logic to migrate to 3.3 V has spurred the creation of a multitude of low voltage TTL logic families such as LVC, LCX, and LVT. Innovations in process and design techniques have enabled these technologies to continually push faster propagation delays and reduced power while maintaining functionality and reliability at this reduced supply level. However, significant challenges are presented when interfacing these low voltage devices to a system bus or backplane. This paper focuses on the limitations or constraints of today's low voltage TTL logic in bus and backplane driving applications and addresses various challenges and solutions for future migrations from 3.3 V to 2.5 V and below.
A step forward towards sustainable aerobic alcohol oxidation: new and revised catalysts based on transition metals on solid supports (2017)

Modern heterogeneous catalysts for aerobic alcohol oxidation: the state of the art.
L-arginine stimulates host defenses in patients with breast cancer. (1994)

Dietary supplementation with L-arginine in patients with breast cancer significantly enhances host defenses and therefore may have a role in adjuvant treatment.
Electron diffraction in schools (1972)

The apparatus available in schools uses thin carbon film and the author points out the way such films crystallize, hence introducing uncertainties in the lattice spacings.
Enhanced expression of MMP-7 and MMP-13 in inflammatory bowel disease: A precancerous potential? (2006)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are responsible for the turnover and degradation of extracellular matrix. They play a crucial role in the growth and migration of colorectal carcinoma cells. Colorectal carcinomas are characterized by enhanced expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-7, and MMP-13. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-7, MMP-13, and MMP-14 and their specific inhibitor TIMP-1 in inflammatory bowel diseases and precancerous lesions of the colon, i.e., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and in adenomatous polyps (APs) for comparison. Biopsy samples of pathological and healthy tissue were obtained from 40 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, n = 17; Crohn's disease, n = 23) and from 19 patients with APs. mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to study MMP and TIMP-1 gene expression in both pathological and normal mucosal specimens. For MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1, protein expression also was quantified with sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In biopsy specimens of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, significantly increased levels of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-13 mRNA were found. MMP-2 and MMP-9 showed enhanced secretion on the protein level. AP revealed an increased transcription of MMP-7 and MMP-13 genes. MMP-14 mRNA was decreased in APs. MMPs, especially MMP-7 and MMP-13, which are expressed primarily on the tumor cell surface, are elevated in inflammatory bowel disease, which may have more chance to evolve into malignancy than normal tissue. In APs, increased expression of MMP-7 and MMP-13 may serve as an early indicator for colorectal carcinogenesis.
Cardiovascular Actions of Incretin-Based Therapies (2014)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors represent 2 distinct classes of incretin-based therapies used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Activation of GLP-1R signaling or inhibition of DPP-4 activity produces a broad range of overlapping and unique cardiovascular actions. Native GLP-1 regulates cardiovascular biology via activation of the classical GLP-1R, or through GLP-1(9-36), a cardioactive metabolite generated by DPP-4-mediated cleavage. In contrast, clinically approved GLP-1R agonists are not cleaved to GLP-1(9-36) and produce the majority of their actions through the classical GLP-1R. The cardiovascular mechanisms engaged by DPP-4 inhibition are more complex, encompassing increased levels of intact GLP-1, reduced levels of GLP-1(9-36), and changes in levels of numerous cardioactive peptides. Herein we review recent experimental and clinical advances that reveal how GLP-1R agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors affect the normal and diabetic heart and coronary vasculature, often independent of changes in blood glucose. Improved understanding of the complex science of incretin-based therapies is required to optimize the selection of these therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease.
Comparison of the Concentrations of Phenolic Constituents in Cane Sugar Manufacturing Products with Their Antioxidant Activities (2006)

Polyphenol content and free radical scavenging capacity of seven kinds of sugar manufacturing products (A sugars, clear juices, syrups, massecuite, and A, B, and C molasses) were studied. Seventy-two samples were collected at different stages of the process during two sugar harvests from a local sugar factory (Bois-Rouge, La Réunion). The total phenolic content of sugar products was determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Polyphenols of sugar products were extracted with ethyl acetate and quantified by LC-UV-ESI-MS during all of the process. ABTS and DPPH assays were applied to aqueous solution of sugar products, which exhibited interesting free radical scavenging activity. Comparatively, ethyl acetate extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Multivariate analyses (principal component analysis and canonical discriminant analysis) demonstrated a significant correlation between polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Moreover, it was observed that the sugar process results in an increase of the phenolic content and the free radical scavenging capacity of the different products. These products and especially molasses proved to be a rich source of natural antioxidants and may represent an interesting alternative to synthetic food antioxidants.
Wireless Battery Management System for Safe High-Capacity Energy Storage (2013)

Abstract not provided
Resveratrol and Propolis as Necrosis or Apoptosis Inducers in Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells (2004)

Vegetables and fruit help the prevention and the therapy of several kinds of cancer because they contain micronutrients, a class of substances that have been shown to exhibit chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities. In the present study the effects of resveratrol (100 and 200 microM), a phytoalexin found in grapes, and of the ethanolic extract of propolis (50 and 100 microg/ml), a natural honeybee hive product, were tested in androgen-resistant prostate cancer cells (DU145), a cell line resembling the last stage of prostate carcinoma. A comparison between the activity of these micronutrients and vinorelbine bitartrate (Navelbine), a semi-synthetic drug normally used in the therapy of prostate cancer, was conducted. Several biochemical parameters were tested, such as cell viability (MTT assay), cell membrane integrity (lactate dehydrogenase release), cell redox status (nitric oxide formation, reactive oxygen species production, reduced glutathione levels), genomic DNA fragmentation (COMET assay) with special attention on the presence of apoptotic DNA damage (TUNEL test), and possible mitochondrial transmembrane potential alteration (deltapsi). Our results point out the anticancer activity of resveratrol and propolis extract in human prostate cancer, exerting their cytotoxicity through two different types of cell death: necrosis and apoptosis, respectively. The data obtained suggest the possible use of these micronutrients both in alternative to classic chemotherapy, and in combination with very low dosage of vinorelbine (5 microM).
Design and preliminary results of high speed analog 1.0 μm CMOS MIN-MAX circuit for fuzzy architectures (2002)

This paper deals with the design, simulations and preliminary results of a high speed circuit, hereafter called MIN-MAX circuit. The device is a mixed analog-digital four input circuit designed using 1.0 /spl mu/M CMOS technology and it has been built by the ES2 silicon foundry. The circuit can be particularly useful for fuzzy architectures. The core of the final layout is very small (190 /spl mu/m/spl times/190 /spl mu/m including shielding rings) and it can be extended to a larger number of inputs.
Overcoming Completion Challenges With Interventionless Devices - Case Study - The "Disappearing Plug" (2000)

Abstract The ongoing need for greater operational cost efficiency has encouraged oil companies to seek new methods that can simplify completion processes and reduce the number of required well interventions. This focus has resulted in new challenges for engineering/manufacturing and service companies to develop multi-functional equipment. To meet the challenges, a new generation of completion equipment with capabilities that would have been considered impossible ten years ago has been introduced to the oilfield. This equipment has been designed to not only reduce the number of interventions normally required in traditional completion scenarios but also to meet challenges of safety and reliability that can surpass the cost of contingency measures should the product fail. The development of one such device, the "disappearing plug," which serves as a plugging device for setting a hydraulic-type packer, will be the focus of this paper. When run in with the completion, the tubing will fill automatically through an auto-fill device, and then, will close during one of the pressure cycles. The fluid-expendable plug material disintegrates on the last pressure cycle, which allows full-tubing-drift production and eliminates the need for a slickline or coiled-tubing run to retrieve a plugging device as would be the case with conventional methods. While the industry average for successful installation of interventionless devices has still not reached the sought-after 100% reliability, when these concepts have been successful, the expected economic job goals have been surpassed. When successful in offshore, horizontal, and/or high angle wells where slickline or coiled tubing intervention after completion is significantly more costly, these interventionless technologies have proven to be even more beneficial. The paper will discuss development of the plug, some of the failures that occurred, how these difficulties were addressed, and finally, will discuss several recently run installations. These clearly show the extent of the economic benefit that can be realized. Disappearing plug technology currently improves economics by eliminating the need for slickline and coiled-tubing interventions in plugging operations. When setting hydraulic packers, this not only reduces operating costs but also the risks associated with interventions and plug failures. One of its most significant contributions, however, becomes apparent when considering the future trends of the industry — interventionless and intelligent well technologies. The disappearing plug will undoubtedly play an important role in the actualization of these future well trends.
Solder Joint Reliability of SnAgCu Solder Refinished Components Under Temperature Cycling Test (2011)

SnAgCu (SAC) solder is being offered as a lead-free termination finish. SAC finish is obtained by dipping the terminals of components into molten SAC solder. However, the reliability of solder joints formed with SAC solder refinished components needs to be determined in order to evaluate the effects of the SAC solder refinishing process. In this paper, the strength of solder joints with SAC solder refinished thin small outline packages (TSOPs) was evaluated by the shear test. The reliability of solder joints formed with SAC solder refinished components, including TSOPs and resistors, was evaluated by a temperature cycling test. Original Sn finished components were used as a baseline for comparison. It was found that SAC solder refinishing increased solder joint strength. SAC solder refinishing decreased the fatigue life of solder joints of TSOPs and increased the fatigue life of resistors under temperature cycling conditions.
Effect of macromolecular crowding upon the structure and function of an enzyme: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (1981)

The specific activity of rabbit muscle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD) has been measured as a function of GAPD concentration in the absence and presence of 18 g/dL ribonuclease A. The specific activity of GAPD at fixed concentration has been measured as a function of the concentration of added ribonuclease A, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, and poly(ethylene glycol) (Mr 20000) at additive concentrations of up to 30 g/dL. All of the data may be semiquantitatively accounted for by a simple model based upon the following qualitative assumptions: (1) Under the conditions of the reported experiments, GAPD exists primarily as an equilibrium mixture of monomers and tetramers of GAPD subunits. (2) The monomers have a much larger specific activity than do the tetramers. (3) The addition of high concentrations of unrelated globular proteins does not affect the activity of either monomer or tetramer but does promote the formation of tetramer due to space-filling properties of the added species, as proposed by Minton [Minton, A. P. (1981) Biopolymers (in press)].