gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Screening and Identification of the Phospholipase D-producing<i>Streptomyces</i> (1973)

About 2,000 strains of streptomycetes and 200 strains of molds were tested for egg yolk-degrading activity. A strain isolated from soil was found to produce the strong activity in the culture medium. The egg yolk-degrading substance was found to be phospholipase D and the producing strain was identified as Streptomyces hachijoensis. It was found out that the strains producing egg yolk-degrading substance appeared with high frequency in whirl-forming species in genus Streptomyces.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of Streptavidin Film Structure Effects on Biotinylated DNA Assembly and Target DNA Hybridization (2004)

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy is employed for the study of biotinylated DNA assembly on streptavidin modified gold surfaces for target DNA hybridization. Two immobilization strategies are involved for constructing streptavidin films, namely, (1) physical adsorption on biotin-containing thiol treated surfaces through biotin-streptavidin links and (2) covalent attachment to 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) treated surfaces through amine coupling. To understand the structural properties of the streptavidin films, a quartz crystal microbalance with energy dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) is used to monitor the streptavidin immobilization procedures. The simultaneously measured frequency (Deltaf) and dissipation factor (DeltaD) changes, together with the SPR angle shifts (Deltatheta), suggest that the streptavidin film assembled on the biotin-containing surface is highly rigid with a well-ordered structure while the streptavidin film formed through amine coupling is highly dissipative and less structured. The subsequent biotinylated DNA (biotin-DNA) assembly and target hybridization results show that the streptavidin film structure has distinct effects on the biotin-DNA binding amount. On the streptavidin matrix, not only the probe DNA density but also the strand orientation mediated by the streptavidin films has distinct effects on hybridization efficiency. Particularly, the molecularly ordered streptavidin films formed on the biotin-containing surfaces ensure a well-ordered DNA assembly, which in turn allows for a higher efficiency in target DNA capture and for a higher sensitivity in the hybridization analysis when compared to the biotin-DNA assembled on the less structured streptavidin films formed through amine coupling.
Distinct antigenic features of linear epitopes at the N-terminus and C-terminus of 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65): implications for autoantigen modification during pathogenesis (2002)

Autoantibodies to 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) are produced in many patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II (APS-II) or stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and are heterogeneous in their epitope specificities, recognizing both conformational and linear determinants. Major linear epitopes of GAD, which are recognized by autoantibodies in a minority of these patients, occur in the N-terminal and C-terminal regions. We have investigated antibody recognition of the N- and C-termini of GAD65 in relation to their structural features as an approach to understanding what modifications to the native GAD structure may occur that facilitate the generation of antibodies specific to linear epitopes in these regions during the autoimmune pathogenesis. A monoclonal antibody specific to the N-terminus of GAD65 bound both native and denatured GAD in ELISA, whereas monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies specific to the C-terminus of GAD bound only denatured GAD. These antibodies were epitope mapped using random peptide phage-display libraries and the epitopes related to a previously proposed structural model of GAD65. This has led us to propose that the alpha-helical secondary structure of the C-terminus of GAD65 must be denatured to generate linear epitopes. In contrast, the N-terminus is both surface exposed and linear in the native structure, but may be masked by membrane interactions, which must be broken to facilitate recognition by B cells.
Visual tracking of planes with an uncalibrated central catadioptric camera (2009)

This paper addresses the problem of tracking a planar region of the scene using an uncalibrated omnidirectional camera. Omnidirectional cameras are a popular choice of visual sensors in robotics because the large field of view is well adapted to motion estimation and obstacle avoidance. The novelty of this work resides in simplifying the calibration phase by providing a direct approach to tracking without any prior knowledge of the camera, lens or mirror parameters. We deal with a nonlinear optimization problem that can be solved for small displacements between two images like those acquired at video rate by a camera mounted on a robot. In order to assess the performance of the proposed method, we perform experiments with synthetic and real data.
DESIGNING OPTIMAL TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS: AN EXPERT SYSTEMS APPROACH (1987)

A knowledge-based expert system (KBES) approach can be used to solve the single-mode (automobile), fixed-demand, discrete, multicriteria, equilibrium transportation network design problem. Previous work on this problem revealed that mathematical programming methods perform well on small networks with only one objective. A solution technique is needed that can be used on large networks that have multiple, conflicting criteria with different weights of relative importance. The KBES approach discussed in this paper represents a new way to solve network design problems. The development of an expert system involves three major tasks: knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, and testing. For knowledge acquisition, a computer-aided network design and evaluation model (UFOS) was developed to explore the design space. This study investigated the problem of designing an optimal transportation network by adding and deleting capacity increments to or from any link in the network. Three weighted criteria were adopted for use in evaluating each design alternative: cost, average volume-to-capacity ratio, and average travel time. The best nondominated design is determined by a multicriteria evaluation technique called concordance analysis. The research started with a design exercise conducted by a group of students who were asked to find a series of link capacity changes that would produce a series of successively better designs. The results were carefully examined and used to generate the facts and rules that make up the knowledge base of the network design expert system (EXPERT-UFOS). It has two phases of analysis. The macrolevel analysis recommends a total budget using trade-off functions for each pair of criteria. The microlevel analysis provides advice about how to add or delete capacity on each link to avoid paradoxes. Test results show that EXPERT-UFOS found, with fewer design cycles, designs that were better than any of the 76 student designs included in the test. EXPERT-UFOS may have enough simplicity to deal with large networks. The results of this study, in which a laboratory-based knowledge acquisition method was employed successfully to generate a functional knowledge base, suggest that the KBES approach is an appropriate method for dealing with the computational complexities of network design problems.
Synthesis of Aromatic Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Internal Alkynes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Aromatic Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Internal AlkynesRichard C. Larock, Eul K. Yum, Mark J. Doty, and Kelvin K. C. ShamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 11, 3270–3271Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00116a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00116a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2595Altmetric-Citations268LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Some in vivo Effects of Localized Nuclear Disintegration Products on a Transplantable Mouse Sarcoma (1940)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Inhibition of PTEN Tumor Suppressor Promotes the Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2013)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated from patients with specific diseases by the transduction of reprogramming factors and can be useful as a cell source for cell transplantation therapy for various diseases with impaired organs. However, the low efficiency of iPSC derived from somatic cells (0.01-0.1%) is one of the major problems in the field. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is thought to be important for self-renewal, proliferation, and maintenance of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but the contribution of this pathway or its well-known negative regulator, phosphatase, and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (Pten), to somatic cell reprogramming remains largely unknown. Here, we show that activation of the PI3K pathway by the Pten inhibitor, dipotassium bisperoxo(5-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxyl)oxovanadate, improves the efficiency of germline-competent iPSC derivation from mouse somatic cells. This simple method provides a new approach for efficient generation of iPSCs.
La situación energética en Bolivia (2007)

Con la nacionalizacion de los hidrocarburos en Bolivia culmino una larga lucha reivindicativa y de consignas del partido de Gobierno en relacion a los recursos naturales. La firma de nuevos Contratos de Operacion con las empresas petroleras demostro el pragmatismo y la flexibilidad con los que puede negociar las medidas de la nacionalizacion asi como el grado de influencia que ha alcanzado Hugo Chavez sobre el Gobierno boliviano.
Artificial intelligence to predict needs for urgent revascularization from 12-leads electrocardiography in emergency patients (2019)

Our artificial intelligence model provides information to select patients who need urgent revascularization from only 12-leads electrocardiogram in those visiting the emergency room with chest discomfort.
β-Acarbose. VIII.The Synthesis of Some <i>N</i> -Linked Carba-Oligosaccharides (1999)

Two carbohydrate triflates have been used to alkylate a 1-epivalienamine derivative to give small amounts of the desired secondary amines, in addition to amounts of the products of elimination. Deprotection of the secondary amines afforded a carba-disaccharide and a carba-tetrasaccharide which have been shown to be good inhibitors of ß-glucosidases.
Localization of a Tumor Suppressor Gene in 11p15.5 Using the G401 Wilms' Tumor Assay (1996)

Multiple studies have underscored the importance of loss of tumor suppressor genes in the development of human cancer. To identify these genes, we used somatic cell hybrids in a functional assay for tumor suppression in vivo. A tumor suppressor gene in 11p15.5 was detected by transferring single human chromosomes into the G401 Wilms' tumor cell line. In order to better map this gene, we created a series of radiation-reduced t(X;11) chromosomes and characterized them at 24 loci between H-RAS and beta-globin. Interestingly, three of the chromosomes were indistinguishable as determined by genomic and cytogenetic analyses. Each contains an interstitial deletion with one breakpoint in 11p14.1 and the other breakpoint between the D11S601 and D11S648 loci in 11p15.5. PFGE analysis localized the 11p15.5 breakpoints to a 175 kb MluI fragment that hybridized to D11S601 and D11S648 probes. Genomic fragments from this 175 kb region were hybridized to DNA from mouse hybrid lines containing the delta t(X;11) chromosomes. This analysis detected the identical 11p15.5 breakpoint which disrupts a 7.8 kb EcoRI fragment in all three of the delta t(X;11) chromosomes, suggesting they are subclones of the same parent colony. Upon transfer into G401 cells, one of the chromosomes suppressed tumor formation in nude mice, while the other two chromosomes lacked this ability. Thus, our mapping data indicate that the gene in 11p15.5 which suppresses tumor formation in G401 cells must lie telomeric to the D11S601 locus. Koi et al. (Science 260: 361-364, 1993) have used a similar functional assay to localize a growth suppressor gene for the RD cell line centromeric to the D11S724 locus. The combination of functional studies by our lab and theirs significantly narrows the location of the tumor suppressor gene in 11p15.5 to the approximately 500 kb region between D11S601 and D11S724.
Design of Optically Coupled Three-Dimensional Content Addressable Memory (1991)

An optically coupled three-dimensional content addressable memory is newly proposed and an example of parallel data processing systems with this memory is described. The new memory employs the optically coupling flip-flop with LEDs and photoconductors for optical data transfer. The optically coupling flip-flop is optimized in design for achieving a high data transfer rate. Simultaneous data inspection through several memory layers can be implemented by using the optically coupled three-dimensional content addressable memory.
Chatter vibration of a cleaner blade in electrophotography (1995)

Chatter vibration of cleaner blade charged by a contact charger roller was mathematically investigated. From the results of the investigation, the following points were deduced: (1) The chatter vibration is basically induced by nonlinear negative damping due to negative speed dependence of the friction coefficient between the cleaner blade and a photoreceptor drum. Parametric excitation and forced vibration are also generated by the photoreceptor vibration induced by the alternating electrostatic force of the charger roller. (2) Calculated results based on the present model qualitatively agreed with experimental observations, and several methods to suppress the chatter vibration were proposed.
Binding and second messengers of prostaglandins F<sub>2α</sub> and E<sub>1</sub> in primary cultures of rabbit endometrial cells (1986)

Several factors and hormones are thought to play a role in the growth control of endometrial cells. We have shown that prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) is a growth factor for primary cultures of rabbit endometrial cells grown in serum-free, chemically defined medium and that prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) antagonizes the PGF2 alpha induction of growth (Orlicky et al., 1986). [3H]PGF2 alpha binds to whole cells in a time (optimal approximately 30 min)- and temperature-dependent (optimal 37 degrees C), disassociable (90% disassociable within 30 min), saturable (Kd1 = 4.9 X 10(-8) M, n1 = 1.2 X 10(5) molecules/cell; Kd2 = 2.6 X 10(-7) M, n2 = 3.0 X 10(5) molecules/cell), and specific manner. [3H]PGE1 binds in a time-dependent (optimal 25 min), disassociable (90% disassociable within 10 min), saturable (Kd = 6.4 X 10(-8) M, n = 1.2 X 10(5) molecules/cell), and specific manner. This specific binding of [3H]PGF2 alpha and [3H]PGE1 is down-regulatable by prior treatment of the cultures with unlabeled ligand, and up-regulatable by prior treatment of the cultures with indomethacin to inhibit endogenous PG synthesis. Proteolytic enzyme treatment for 2 min reduces the specific binding of PGF2 alpha by 75%. PGE1 stimulates intracellular cAMP synthesis and accumulation in a time (optimal 10 min)- and concentration (half-maximal stimulation at 10(-6) M)-dependent manner but has no effect on intracellular cGMP. PGF2 alpha has no effect on either intracellular cAMP or cGMP in this system. We describe here for the first time the analysis at a biochemical level of the interaction between two prostaglandins, antagonistic to each other in terms of growth regulation.
Cellular energy metabolism, trans-plasma and trans-mitochondrial membrane potentials, and pH gradients in mouse neuroblastoma (1979)

A method for quantitative evaluation of transmembrane electrical potential and pH gradients across a subcellular compartment in an intact cell is presented. This approach has been applied in studies of mouse neuroblastoma C-1300 clone NB41A3, in which the transmembrane electrical potential and pH gradients and the mitochondrial volume percent have been determined. Membrane potentials and pH gradients were measured by two different methods. Equilibrium distributions of [ 3 H]triphenylmethyl phosphonium and [ 14 C]-thiocyanate ions gave calculated apparent membrane potentials of -77.0 and -29.6 mV, respectively, at 20-25°C; a value of -60.8 mV was obtained from microelectrode measurements. Equilibrium distributions of weak acids ([ 14 C]trimethylacetic acid and 5,5-di[ 14 C]methyl-2,4-oxazolidine-dione) and of weak bases ([ 14 C]dimethylamine and [ 14 C]trimethylamine) gave calculated upper and lower limits of the pH gradient (Δ pH = pH e - pH i ) of -0.14 and -0.21 pH unit, respectively. The microelectrode measurements showed that the intracellular pH is within 0.1 of a pH unit or less of the extracellular pH over the extracellular pH range of 7.35-6.85. The mitochondrial volume percent calculated on the basis of the measured cytochrome c content is 5.6 ± 1.2% and compares well with estimates of 5.4 ± 1.1% obtained from 25 electron micrographs. Measurements of the cellular energetic parameters gave values within the range found in other cells and perfused organs. Comparison of the results of the microelectrode and equilibrium measurements permits estimates of the electrical potential and pH gradients across the mitochondrial membrane (mitochondria-to-cytoplasm gradients) to be made and suggests that the trans-mitochondrial membrane protonmotive force in the intact cell cannot be greater than -143 mV.
Autonomous Deicing System For Airplane Wing (1993)

Prototype autonomous deicing system for airplane includes network of electronic and electromechanical modules at various locations in wings and connected to central data-processing unit. Small, integrated solid-state device, using long coils installed under leading edge, exciting small vibrations to detect ice and larger vibrations to knock ice off. In extension of concept, outputs of vibration sensors and other sensors used to detect rivet-line fractures, fatigue cracks, and other potentially dangerous defects.
High Viral Load in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Brain Correlates with Severity of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis (1999)

AIDS dementia and encephalitis are complications of AIDS occurring most frequently in patients who are immunosuppressed. The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model used in this study was designed to reproducibly induce AIDS in macaques in order to examine the effects of a neurovirulent virus in this context. Pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were coinoculated with an immunosuppressive virus (SIV/DeltaB670) and a neurovirulent molecularly cloned virus (SIV/17E-Fr), and more than 90% of the animals developed moderate to severe encephalitis within 6 months of inoculation. Viral load in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined longitudinally to onset of AIDS, and viral load was measured in brain tissue at necropsy to examine the relationship of systemic and central nervous system (CNS) viral replication to the development of encephalitis. In all animals, plasma viral load peaked at 10 to 14 days postinfection and remained high throughout infection with no correlation found between plasma viremia and SIV encephalitis. In contrast, persistent high levels of CSF viral RNA after the acute phase of infection correlated with the development of encephalitis. Although high levels of viral RNA were found in the CSF of all macaques (six of six) during the acute phase, this high level was maintained only in macaques developing SIV encephalitis (five of six). Furthermore, the level of both viral RNA and antigen in the brain correlated with the severity of the CNS lesions. The single animal in this group that did not have CNS lesions had no detectable viral RNA in any of the regions of the brain. The results substantiate the use of CSF viral load measurements in the postacute phase of SIV infection as a marker for encephalitis and CNS viral replication.
Pointing Errors Reflect Biases in the Perception of the InitialHand Position (1998)

By comparing the visuomotor performance of 10 adult, normal subjects in three tasks, we investigated whether errors in pointing movements reflect biased estimations of the hand starting position. In a manual pointing task with no visual feedback, subjects aimed at 48 targets spaced regularly around two starting positions. Nine subjects exhibited a similar pattern of systematic errors across targets, i.e., a parallel shift of the end points that accounted, on average, for 49% of the total variability. The direction of the shift depended on the starting location. Systematic errors decreased dramatically in the second condition where subjects were allowed to see their hand before movement onset. The third task was to use a joystick held by the left hand to estimate the location of their (unseen) right hand. The systematic perceptual errors in this condition were found to be highly correlated with the motor errors in the first condition. The results support the following conclusions. 1) Kinesthetic estimation of hand position may be consistently biased. Some of the mechanisms responsible for these biases are always active, irrespective of whether position is estimated overtly (e.g., with a matching paradigm), or covertly as part of the motor planning for aimed movements. 2) Pointing errors reflect to a significant extent the erroneous estimation of initial hand position. This suggests that aimed hand movements are planned vectorially, i.e., in terms of distance and direction, rather than in terms of absolute position in space.