gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation and properties of green-light-emitting CdS–CuGaS2 heterodiodes (1974)

Heterodiodes have been prepared by the growth of epitaxial n-type CdS films from the component vapors on p-type CuGaS2 substrates. In dc operation at 77°K, green light is emitted with an external quantum efficiency of 0.1%. For pulsed operation at room temperature, the efficiency is [inverted lazy s]0.001%. The near-band-gap radiation results from electron injection into a semi-insulating CuGaS2 region near the CdS/CuGaS2 interface. This region also controls the forward current of the diodes.
Enteroaggregative, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak: new microbiological findings boost coordinated investigations by European public health laboratories (2011)

Preview this article: Enteroaggregative, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak: new microbiological findings boost coordinated investigations by European public health laboratories, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/16/24/art19890-en-1.gif
Increased invasive capacity of connexin43-overexpressing malignant glioma cells (2003)

The overexpression of gap junction proteins in glioma cells and the intercellular communication between tumor and nontumor glia cells may play important roles in the facilitation of glioma cell invasion.
Revision debug with non-linear version history in regression verification (2016)

Modern digital designs are relentlessly growing in complexity, making their verification a daunting task. Verification and debugging are the bottleneck, accounting for up to 70% of the design cycle. Most automated debugging tools target failures in isolation and rely solely on the current version of a design's RTL. A recently developed methodology targets multiple failures simultaneously while leveraging the revision history present in a version control system. It finds revisions likely to be responsible for the failures and ranks them such that higher ranked revisions are more likely to contain bugs. However, this technique treats the version history as a simple linear list of revisions rather than a graph structure. To address this limitation, this paper presents a technique that properly leverages the branching information in version control systems. It offers two-stage ranking with improved performance, allowing both branches and branch-local revisions to be ranked.
Genome-wide association study of endometrial cancer in E2C2 (2013)

Endometrial cancer (EC), a neoplasm of the uterine epithelial lining, is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries and the fourth most common cancer among US women. Women with a family history of EC have an increased risk for the disease, suggesting that inherited genetic factors play a role. We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of Type I EC. Stage 1 included 5,472 women (2,695 cases and 2,777 controls) of European ancestry from seven studies. We selected independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that displayed the most significant associations with EC in Stage 1 for replication among 17,948 women (4,382 cases and 13,566 controls) in a multiethnic population (African America, Asian, Latina, Hawaiian and European ancestry), from nine studies. Although no novel variants reached genome-wide significance, we replicated previously identified associations with genetic markers near the HNF1B locus. Our findings suggest that larger studies with specific tumor classification are necessary to identify novel genetic polymorphisms associated with EC susceptibility.
Fault tolerant inertial navigation system (1988)

This paper describes the sensor redundancy management concept employed in a fault tolerant inertial reference system built by Honeywell's Commercial Flight Systems Minneapolis Operation to be flight tested in 1988. vided. No attempt was made to use state of the art packaging. Existing circuits were used wherever feasible, and low voltage power is provided using external commercial power supplies. The hexad IRU is shown in figurel. The concept uses a sensor hexad and employs separate fault detection and isolation (FDI) algorithms for navigation computations and outputs to the flight control system. The flight control FDI employs large thresholds and short time constants consistent with flight control requirements. In order to achieve the low detection levels required to maintain navigation accuracy, the navigation FDI employs heavy filtering, low thresholds, Kalman filtering to correct the parity residuals for sensor misalignment and scale factor errors, and dynamic parity gains to minimize the effects of maneuvers. Two redundant nav solutions using sub-optimal sensor sets are also included to reset the primary solution after failures. The FDI algorithm implementation is based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) that has been the subject of several papers in recent years. Enhancements to the failure isolation logic virtually eliminate the probabilities of false detection and wrong isolation inherent with the basic GLRT concept, thus making the GLRT scheme practical in the real world of high reliability requirements.
Factors Affecting the Biosynthesis of L-Tryptophan by Genetically Modified Strains of Escherichia coli (1984)

Derivatives of Escherichia coli strain W3110 with increased tryptophan synthase (TS) activity were constructed. The biosynthesis of serine was shown to limit tryptophan production in minimal medium with indole as precursor. In the presence of serine and indole we obtained a correlation between the specific activity of TS and the specific productivity (qp) of tryptophan. Supplementation of the growth medium with glycine enhanced qp two-fold. In a strain with high serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) activity no such increase of tryptophan productivity was observed, although crude extracts from these cells were shown to produce tryptophan with indole, one-carbon units and glycine as precursors. Growth of the strain with high SHMT activity was inhibited in a medium with high glycine concentration. This inhibition could not be released by addition of isoleucine and valine. In a buffer system with permeabilized cells high in specific TS and SHMT activities we did not obtain any tryptophan production in presence of indole, glycine, one-carbon units and cofactors. On the other hand, in a buffer system with indole and serine as precursors we obtained high qp of tryptophan [13.3 g tryptophan (g dry wt cells)-1 h-1], which was correlated to the TS specific activity.
A 4-Channel Piezo Transducer Based Flexible Hybrid Sensor for Respiratory Monitoring (2019)

Monitoring of breathing under different physical conditions is important in personal health tracking. Many researchers showed the importance of respiratory rate (RR) monitoring as an early anticipation of a serious problem in hospitals [1] [2] . There are some solutions for respiratory monitoring that are not ideal as a wearable monitoring system due to their sensitivity to body motions [3] [4] . A novel method of ultrasound based respiratory monitoring was reported before [5] [7] . The system monitors the diaphragm motions using ultrasound waves. However, the device error was higher in tests where body was under big motions resulting in sensor displacements due to skin stretch. Arm abduction and adduction had the highest amount of skin artifacts. In this work, we show an advancement in a respiratory monitoring system based on diaphragm wall motion tracking which is less sensitive to motion artifacts. Diaphragm motions are measured by a designed flexible hybrid ultrasound sensory system with four ultrasound PZT5 piezo transducers. Use of flexible hybrid electronics allows integrating both rigid electronics and printed materials on a flexible substrate resulting in thin, lightweight and conformal device. Conformal interface to human skin significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio for the measurement of our respiratory signal. We evaluate the accuracy and robustness of the sensory system. Measurements are referenced to an SPR-BTA spirometer. All tests are done in non-stationary human body situations to evaluate the sensor in a real life.
Four classes of mutations in the <i>nodD</i> gene of <i>Rhizobium leguminosarum</i> biovar. <i>viciae</i> that affect its ability to autoregulate and/or activate other <i>nod</i> genes in the presence of flavonoidinducers (1987)

F0ur c1a55e5 0f mutat10n5 1n the n0dD ene 0f Rh12061um 1e9um1n05arum 10var. v1c1ae that affect 1t5 a6111ty t0 aut0re9u1ate and/0r act1vate 0ther n0d 9ene5 1n the pre5ence 0f f1av0n01d 1nducer5
Early Arteriovenous Fistula Failure (2005)

A significant number of arteriovenous fistulae (28 to 53%) never mature to support dialysis. Often, renal physicians and surgeons wait for up to 6 months and even longer hoping that the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) will eventually grow to support dialysis before declaring that the AVF has failed. In the interim, if dialysis is needed, then a tunneled catheter is inserted, exposing the patient to the morbidity and mortality associated with the use of this device. In general, a blood flow of 500 ml/min and a diameter of at least 4 mm are needed for an AVF to be adequate to support dialysis therapy. In most successful fistulae, these parameters are met within 4 to 6 wk. Most important, commonly encountered problems (stenosis and accessory veins) that result in early AVF failure can be diagnosed easily with skillful physical examination. Recent studies have indicated that a great majority of fistulae that have failed to mature adequately can be salvaged by percutaneous interventions and become available for dialysis. Early intervention regarding identification and salvage of a nonmaturing AVF is critical for several reasons. First, an AVF is the best available type of access regarding complications, costs, morbidity, and mortality. Second, this approach minimizes catheter use and its associated complications. Finally, access stenosis is a progressive process and eventually culminates in complete occlusion, leading to access thrombosis. In this context, the opportunity to salvage the AVF that fails early may be lost. This report reviews the process of AVF maturation and suggests a strategy for when and how to intervene to identify and salvage AVF with early failure.
Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors Maintain Unique Antigen-Presenting Properties of Circulating Myeloid Dendritic Cells in HIV-1-Infected Elite Controllers (2010)

Elite controllers maintain undetectable levels of HIV-1 replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy, but the correlates of immune protection in this patient population are ill defined. Here, we demonstrate that in comparison to patients with progressive HIV-1 infection or healthy persons not infected with HIV-1, elite controllers have circulating myeloid dendritic cells with significantly increased antigen-presenting properties, while their ability to secrete proinflammatory cytokines is substantially diminished. This unique functional profile is associated with a distinct surface expression pattern of immunomodulatory leukocyte-immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) and a strong and selective upregulation of LILRB1 and LILRB3. Blockade of these two receptors by monoclonal antibodies or short interfering RNA (siRNA) abrogated the specific antigen-presenting properties of dendritic cells, implying an important regulatory role of these molecules. These data reveal previously unrecognized innate components of immune protection against HIV-1 in elite controllers and offer novel perspectives for the manipulation of host immunity for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection.
Speech-based services (2002)

Technology advances are enabling machines to speak, hear, and “understand.” These advances promise to revolutionize telecommunications by creating an interface between man and machine based on speech that is natural and intuitive. These matters are illustrated in the context of an intelligent agent, the Lucent Intelligent Assistant, which we have nicknamed Lucy. Lucy is a state-of-the-art speech interface that integrates customer needs across call management, messaging, and information. Technology, human factors, and network issues critical to the commercial success of such a product are discussed.
Selective Area Growth of GaN on Si Substrate Using SiO<sub> 2</sub> Mask by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (1998)

Selective area growth (SAG) of GaN on (111) Si substrate was studied using AlGaN as an intermediate layer. A hexagonal dot with a (0001) plane on the top and of a 5 µm or a submicron size was obtained using a patterned dot structure of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) mask. The facet structure revealed that the <1120> axis of hexagonal GaN is parallel to the <110> axis of the Si substrate. The cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum at 133 K exhibited a strong near-band-edge emission band for the submicron dots, which suggests excellent crystallinity. Epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) of GaN on the Si substrate is demonstrated.
Hydrogen-Transfer Polymerization of Acrylic Acid to Poly(β-propiolactone) (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleHydrogen-Transfer Polymerization of Acrylic Acid to Poly(β-propiolactone)Takeo Saegusa, Shiro Kobayashi, and Yoshiharu KimuraCite this: Macromolecules 1974, 7, 2, 256–258Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60038a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (315 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Robust recognition of 1-D barcodes using camera phones (2008)

In this paper we present an algorithm for the recognition of 1D barcodes using camera phones, which is highly robust regarding the the typical image distortions. We have created a database of barcode images, which covers typical distortions, such as inhomogeneous illumination, reflections, or blurriness due to camera movement. We present results from experiments with over 1,000 images from this database using a Matlab implementation of our algorithm, as well as experiments on the go, where a Symbian C++ implementation running on a camera phone is used to recognize barcodes in daily life situations. The proposed algorithm shows a close to 100% accuracy in real life situations and yields a very good resolution dependent performance on our database, ranging from 90.5% (640 × 480) up to 99.2% (2592 × 1944). The database is freely available for other researchers.
Analogs of the cyclic hydroxamic acid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA): decomposition to benzoxazolinones and reaction with .beta.-mercaptoethanol (1991)

Analogues of the aglucones of naturally occurring cyclic hydroxamic acids (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones) from Gramineae (Poaceae) have been synthesized by the reductive cyclization of the ring-substituted methyl α-(o-nitrophenoxy)-α-methoxyacetates, followed by demethylation of the C-2 methoxy group with BBr3 or BCl3 to reveal the 2-hydroxy group. A structure-activity series was produced by varying the substituent at C-7 on the aromatic ring [R = MeO (1), t-Bu (6), Me (7), H (8), Cl (9), F (10), C02Me (11a)]. The pKa, values for the hydroxamic acid and the phenol moieties were determined for each member of the C-7 series. They correlated well with σ in a linear free energy relationship (LFER) yielding values of p = 0.71 (with σp) for pKa1 (the hydroxamic acid) and ρ = 1.6 (with σm) for pKa2 (the phenol). A LFER also existed between the rate constants for the unimolecular decomposition of these hydroxamic acids to benzoxazolinones and σ+ (ρ=-1.1). The rates of hydroxamic acid red
Phosphorylation of Alzheimer β-Amyloid Precursor-like Proteins (1997)

Amyloid precursor-like proteins (APLPs), APLP1 and APLP2, are members of a gene family which include the Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP). APLP1, APLP2, and APP contain highly homologous amino acid sequences, especially in their cytoplasmic domains, although APLPs lack the beta-amyloid domain derived by proteolytic processing from APP. APP is phosphorylated at three sites in the cytoplasmic domain in cultured cells and adult rat brain [Suzuki et al. (1994) EMBO J. 13, 1114-1122; Oishi, et al. (1997) Mol. Med. 3, 109-121] and at sites in the extracellular domain in cultured cells [Knops et al. (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197, 380-385; Hung & Selkoe (1994) EMBO J. 13, 534-542; Walter et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 1896-1903]. We report here that a cytoplasmic domain peptide from APLP1 is phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase C and that a cytoplasmic domain peptide from APLP2 is phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase C and cdc2 kinase. APLP2 is phosphorylated by cdc2 kinase at a site homologous to the cdc2 kinase site phosphorylated in APP. Furthermore, phosphorylation of this site occurs in a cell cycle-dependent manner in cultured cells. These findings indicate that in intact cells the phosphorylation of APLP2 appears to be regulated in a similar fashion to that of APP.
Continuously controlled and discrete-level charge pumping techniques implemented in SC integrators (2019)

This paper presents two methods to reduce power consumption of switched capacitor (SC) integrators in sigma-delta analog to digital converters. The proposed two methods are based on the passive charge re-distribution technique, injecting charge into the output of the first integrator. The injected charge can be attained by a continuous function of the input voltage and feedback, or by quantizing the injected charge into three levels. In both cases, the main purpose is to minimize the initial transient voltage at the input of the first operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA), in order to bypass the slewing region of the OTA and enter into the linear settling region. Then a minor charge is left, and needs to be moved by the OTA. Using these two charge pumping techniques separately, a 10-bit performance of a conventional second-order delayed cascaded 1-bit sigma-delta modulator which consists of two SC integrators can be obtained by only consuming 60% power dissipation of the traditional structure without proposed techniques.
A manual wafer probe station for an integrated circuit test system (1981)

The National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen
A Digital Approach to Symbol Timing Recovery Systems (1980)

An analysis of a symbol timing recovery (STR) technique using digital processing is presented. The ratio of the discrete spectral power at the symbol rate frequency to the nearby continuous spectral power is used as a criterion of STR performance. It is shown that this power ratio equals the quality factor of the narrow bandpass filter and that it does not depend on the value of the delay element. The performance of the STR subsystem is consequently determined by the quality factor of the bandpass filter rather than by the specific delay. In addition to this, some experimental evidence that the additive channel noise has little effect on the power ratio is given. A modified phase-locked loop with an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</tex> prefiiter is proposed to extract the symbol timing clock. This prefilter improves the acquisition and synchronization performance of the PLL. The STR technique presented here has the advantages of lower cost and simpler hardware implementation over other serial STR techniques.
Hetero- and homodimeric receptors in thyroid hormone and vitamin A action. (1993)

Understanding of the complex responses to thyroid and retinoid hormones has been greatly advanced through the cloning of specific nuclear receptors. The receptors belong to a large family of intracellular proteins that include the steroid hormone receptors and many "orphan" receptors for which no specific ligands are known. Recent studies on the mechanisms of actions of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) has revealed a complex system of receptor interactions. In contrast to the steroid hormone receptors that function predominantly as homodimers, TRs and RARs require heterodimer formation with the retinoid X receptors (RXR) for efficient DNA binding and transcriptional activation. RXRs in addition can form homodimers in the presence of specific ligands such as 9-cis retinoic acid. RXR homodimers recognize a subset of retinoic acid responsive elements (RARE). The COUP-TF orphan receptors also bind certain RAREs as homodimers and can inhibit thereby RAR/RXR heterodimers as well as RXR homodimer activities. Thus, a complex network of receptor interaction has been unraveled that promises a better understanding of thyroid and retinoid hormone action and that may allow the design of more effective hormonal therapeutics.
Structural Characterization and Remarkable Axial Ligand Effect on the Nucleophilic Reactivity of a Nonheme Manganese(III)–Peroxo Complex (2009)

The dark side of the Mn: A manganese(III) complex bearing a 13-membered macrocyclic ligand (1, see picture) binds a peroxo ligand in a side-on eta(2) fashion. The reactivity of 1 is influenced by the introduction of anionic ligands trans to the peroxo group. Electronic and structural changes upon trans-ligand binding explain the increased nucleophilicity of the resulting complexes 1-X.
Does catheter ablation cure atrial fibrillation? Single-procedure outcome of drug-refractory atrial fibrillation ablation: a 6-year multicentre experience (2009)

Aims In the last decade, several approaches to ablating triggers and substrates of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been developed. However, most studies have reported data only on short- or medium-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the 1-year efficacy of catheter ablation for AF is predictive of long-term clinical success. Methods and results Between February 2001 and October 2003, 229 consecutive patients affected by drug-refractory paroxysmal or persistent AF underwent a single radiofrequency catheter ablation procedure (anatomical approach in 146 patients and electrophysiologically guided approach in 83 patients). Of these patients, 177 (mean age 59.1 +/- 10.5 years, 57.6% with paroxysmal AF) were free from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence after 12 months. These 177 patients were subsequently followed up for at least another 24 months, by means of electrocardiogram and 24 h Holter monitoring. After a mean follow-up of 49.7 +/- 13.3 months (range 36-83 months), 58.2% of the patients were free from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence (39.5% without antiarrhythmic drugs). The actuarial atrial arrhythmia recurrence rate was 13.0% at 2 years, 21.8% at 3 years, 35.0% at 4 years, 46.8% at 5 years, and 54.6% at 6 years. Atrial arrhythmia-free survival was similar in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF, with and without antiarrhythmic drugs during the follow-up, who underwent electrophysiologically guided pulmonary vein (PV) isolation or anatomical PV ablation. Conclusion Even patients in whom catheter ablation prevents AF recurrence for 1 year should not be considered 'cured', since >40% of them will suffer AF recurrence over a long-term clinical follow-up.