gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of New Technology Forecasting Algorithm: Hybrid Approach for Morphology Analysis and Conjoint Analysis of Patent Information (2007)

Despite being a strong stimulus for the invention of new alternatives, morphology analysis (MA) suffers the limitations of being a nonquantitative, vague, and static methodology. As a consequence, the MA outcomes typically do not provide practical technology opportunities. This paper, therefore, proposes a new hybrid approach that enhances the performance of MA by combining it with conjoint analysis (CA) and citation analysis of patent information. First, keywords are extracted from patent documents using text mining, and the morphology of existing patents is identified by these keywords. Alternatives for new technology development from among the emerging technologies are presented by combining the valuable levels of each attribute in a morphology matrix predefined by domain experts. Then, configurations of new technology are suggested in order of priority using CA, and the technological feasibility of each new configuration is subsequently investigated. The technological competitiveness of a company can be analyzed by a newly suggested index, ldquotechnology share,rdquo which is analogous to the concept of market share in traditional CA. The proposed MA-CA hybrid process is illustrated with a case example of patent information from the thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) patent database.
Humeral head torsion in recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder (1995)

We measured torsion of the humeral head in 38 patients (40 shoulders) with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder (RADS) and in 40 normal subjects. We found a reduced mean retroversion in the patients with RADS at 4.3 +/- 10.56 degrees (17 degrees anteversion to 32 degrees retroversion) as compared with 16.1 +/- 11.07 degrees in the control group (0 degrees to 49 degrees) (p = 0.0001). There was anteversion in 11 of the 40 shoulders in the RADS group (27.5%) and in none of the control group. The first dislocation had occurred after minimal force in 18 of 25 patients with less than 10 degrees retroversion, but in only three of 15 with over 10 degrees retroversion. We conclude that decreased retroversion of the humeral head is often associated with RADS and with first dislocation of the shoulder caused by minimal force.
Megavoltage imaging with low <i>Z</i> targets: Implementation and characterization of an investigational system (1998)

The poor quality of stereotactic radiotherapy portal images is a limiting factor in precise image registration. To alleviate this problem, a low atomic number (Z) target was implemented on our Siemens MXE linear accelerator. This investigational system was used to assess the performance of various target materials by filming an aluminum contrast object. Beryllium, carbon and conventional target materials were studied. The bremsstrahlung spectra of these materials were simulated using Monte Carlo techniques. These spectra were used to calculate the dependence of narrow beam contrast on phantom thickness for verification of the data measured from film. A Monte Carlo simulation of the beryllium spectrum in a wide beam geometry was used to evaluate the effect of phantom-to-film distance on contrast. Although the same degree of contrast improvement with distance was not realized in practice, the improvement in image quality rivaled that achieved using a scatter reduction grid. A comparison of conventional localization images of the head and neck of an anthropomorphic phantom with images produced with a beryllium or carbon target and a mammography film and screen system supports earlier suggestions that the technique is clinically useful.
Characterization of coating processes and coatings for steam turbine blades (1986)

The exfoliated scale from boiler tubing results in hard particles that erode steam turbine components, particularly stationary and rotating blading. To select an erosion resistant protective coating for steam turbine blades, six promising coating processes comprising ten different coatings were selected for evaluation by erosion testing, metallography, and mechanical tests of coated blade materials. This paper describes the results of the erosion tests and metallographical studies and discusses how erosion resistance is related to coating morphology.
A data compression algorithm for color images based on run-length coding and fractal geometry (2003)

An approach to data compression for NTSC composite video is introduced that uses run-length coding and concepts of fractal geometry adapted for color image compression. Compression is achieved by sending only the run lengths with a sign bit. A feedback mechanism is constituted by defining the encoder and decoder as finite-state machines. The edges are preserved by sending the edge information using a separate edge quantizer. The proposed system takes the characteristics of the human visual model into account. The low computational complexity of the algorithm makes it conducive to an easy real-time implementation. Good-quality reconstructed color images are obtained at 1.25 b/pixel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Neural Network Model Of Speech Acquisition And Motor Equivalent Speech Production Running title: Speech acquisition and motor equivalence (1994)

This article describes a neural network model that addresses the acquisition of speaking skills by infants and subsequent motor equivalent production of speech sounds. The model learns two mappings during a babbling phase. A phonetic-to-orosensory mapping specifies a vocal tract target for each speech sound; these targets take the form of convex regions in orosensory coordinates defining the shape of the vocal tract. The babbling process wherein these convex region targets are formed explains how an infant can learn phoneme-specific and language-specific limits on acceptable variability of articulator movements. The model also learns an orosensory-to-articulatory mapping wherein cells coding desired movement directions in orosensory space learn articulator movements that achieve these orosensory movement directions. The resulting mapping provides a natural explanation for the formation of coordinative structures. This mapping also makes efficient use of redundancy in the articulator system, thereby providing the model with motor equivalent capabilities. Simulations verify the model’s ability to compensate for constraints or perturbations applied to the articulators automatically and without new learning and to explain contextual variability seen in human speech production.
Electrochemistry for the generation of renewable chemicals: electrochemical conversion of levulinic acid (2015)

Levulinic acid as a platform for electrochemical synthesis: electrochemical conversion of levulinic acid and its primary products is presented as a promising alternative for the generation of renewable chemicals and biofuels and for energy storage.
CubeSat design for LEO-based Earth science missions (2003)

The 2001 University of Washington Space Design class designed and developed a CubeSat platform to accomplish science objectives related to ionospheric modeling. Small satellites (between 1 and 15 kg) show great promise as a low-cost option to perform limited LEO science missions. This paper describes a CubeSat bus that supports two mission architectures based on two instrument packages. Both architectures involve multiple CubeSats separated from each other to gather spatially and temporally distributed data. The first is a combined plasma impedance probe/DC probe system on two satellites, separated by a tether. The second is two separate CubeSats that perform GPS scintillation measurements. In addition to the common bus structure, unique design traits (such as tethered gravity gradient control) and extensive hardware and software prototyping are discussed in the paper.
Benefits of Long-Term GH Therapy in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A 4-Year Study (2002)

Obesity, poor growth, and hypotonia in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) are accompanied by abnormal body composition resembling a GH-deficient state. Hypothalamic dysfunction in PWS includes decreased GH secretion, suggesting a possible therapeutic role for GH treatment. While short-term benefits of treatment with GH have been shown, whether these beneficial effects are dose dependent and persist or wane with prolonged therapy remains uncertain. Effects of 24 additional months of GH treatment at varying doses (0.3, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/m2·d) on growth, body composition, strength and agility, pulmonary function, resting energy expenditure (REE), and fat utilization were assessed in 46 children with PWS, who had previously been treated with GH therapy (1 mg/m2·d) for 12–24 months. Percent body fat, lean muscle mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine REE and to calculate respiratory quotient. A modified Bruininks-Oseretski test of physical performance evaluated strength and agility. During months 24–48 of GH therapy, continued beneficial effects on body composition (decrease in fat mass and increase in lean body mass), growth velocity, and REE occurred with GH therapy doses of 1.0 and 1.5 mg/m2·d (P < 0.05), but not with 0.3 mg/m2·d. BMD continued to improve at all doses of GH (P < 0.05). Prior improvements in strength and agility that occurred during the initial 24 months were sustained but did not improve further during the additional 24 months regardless of dose. Salutary and sustained GH-induced changes in growth, body composition, BMD, and physical function in children with PWS can be achieved with daily administration of GH doses ≥1 mg/m2. Lower doses of GH, (0.3 mg/m2·d) effective in improving body composition in GHD adults, do not appear to be effective in children with PWS at sustaining improvement in body composition.
Clinical application, the use of dexmedetomidine in intensive care sedation (2010)

Optimal sedation strategy in the critically ill should achieve effective analgesia, targeted sedation and reduced risk of delirium and agitation. Whilst there is no single agent that can achieve these goals for all patients, a multimodal approach may optimise the use of different agents through multiple modes of action and reduce possible adverse events. This practice review provides an evidence based and expert opinion on the practical aspects of dexmedetomidine use as part of multimodal ICU sedation. Dexmedetomidine, when compared to conventional sedatives and opiates, has been demonstrated to be associated with both sedative and analgesic sparing effects, reduced delirium and agitation, minimal respiratory depression and predictable and desirable cardiovascular effects. In the intensive care setting, dexmedetomidine has been effectively used in post operative analgesia and sedation of high risk and complex surgical patients, and during transition from other conventional sedatives. Critically ill patients requiring ventilation for more than 24 hours and patients who experienced emergent agitation and or delirium have also been successfully managed with a dexmedetomidine regimen. Supplementary sedation and analgesia in addition to dexmedetomidine may be required to optimise comfort and safety in critically ill patients. Dexmedetomidine cannot be used to achieve deep sedation or to control acutely agitated or combative patients; therefore additional and rescue conventional sedatives may be required in some patients. A loading dose is unnecessary in most patients and if given, may increase the risk of hypotension and bradycardia. Although the current licensed dose is 1 μg/kg/hr, the maximum dose of dexmedetomidine used in ICU sedation clinical trials is 1.5 μg/kg/hr. Dexmedetomidine must not be given as a bolus at any time to avoid exaggerated cardiac depression. Dexmedetomidine infusion has dose dependent central nervous system and cardiovascular system effects with bradycardia and hypotension as the commonest side effects. It produces a state of sympatholysis, central sedation with significant synergy with other sedatives and analgesics. A starting dose in most patients is 0.4 μg/kg/hr with hourly titration to achieve desired sedation. Withdrawal or addition of conventional sedatives and analgesics can be used to fine tune the desired sedation target and achieve optimal analgesia. There is no need to stop dexmedetomidine infusion prior to extubation. Withdrawal of dexmedetomidine was not associated with any nervous or cardiac manifestations of withdrawal. Dexmedetomidine is relatively contraindicated in patients with recent free microvascular flap surgical procedures, cerebrovascular surgery or with a risk of vasospasm or severe liver dysfunction and its safety has not been established in pregnancy.
Purification and characterization of two isofunctional forms of NAD(P)H: quinone reductase from mouse liver. (1986)

NAD(P)H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2) is a widely distributed enzyme which promotes two-electron reductions of quinones and thereby protects cells against damage by reactive oxygen species generated during oxidative cycling of quinones and semiquinone radicals. Quinone reductase activity represents a minor component (about 0.006%) of mouse liver cytosolic proteins under basal (uninduced) conditions. Two isofunctional forms of this quinone reductase have been purified to homogeneity (1700-fold) in 30% yield from the liver cytosols of female CD-1 mice in which the enzymes were induced by administration of 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. The purification involved ion exchange, hydrophobic, and affinity chromatographies. The two enzyme forms have been designated "hydrophilic" and "hydrophobic" based on the order of elution from phenyl-Sepharose. The more abundant hydrophilic form has been crystallized in the presence of FAD in the form of macroscopic tetragonal crystals. The two forms have similar isoelectric points (pI 9.2) and subunit molecular weights (Mr = 30,000) and probably exist as dimers in the native state. Purified preparations of the enzymes are equiactive with NADH and NADPH and show almost complete dependence on added FAD for catalytic activity. The Km values for FAD of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic forms are 2.72 and 1.72 nM, respectively. Their catalytic activities are the same and are remarkably high for nicotinamide nucleotide-linked dehydrogenases; maximum velocities (expressed per mg of pure enzyme) approach 4000 units/mg of protein under appropriate assay conditions. When menadione is the electron acceptor, the Km value for this quinone is very low (Km congruent to 2 microM). Both enzyme forms are potently inhibited by dicoumarol. Rabbit antisera against the hydrophilic quinone reductase precipitate quantitatively the entire quinone reductase activity of mouse liver cytosols obtained from animals maintained on a standard diet or those induced with 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. The quinone reductase activity of rat liver cytosols is also quantitatively precipitated by this antiserum.
A Semi-Empirical Model for Aircraft Landing Gear Noise Prediction (2006)

This paper presents an empirical model for landing gear noise prediction. The model is based on scaling laws of the theory of aerodynamic noise generation and correlations of these scaling laws with currently available test data. The method decomposes the landing gear noise into three spectral components respectively for the low, the mid and the high frequencies, which corresponds to cataloguing the parts in the landing gear assembly into three groups, namely, the wheels, the main struts and the small details. For all three spectral components, empirical models are derived for their spectral shapes, far field directivities and noise amplitudes. The spectral shapes are defined by normalized spectra, as functions of the Strouhal numbers based on the respective length scales of the three groups of parts in the landing gear. Individual directivity factors are also derived for the three spectral components, with the low frequency component having the smallest variations with emission angle and the high frequency component having the largest variations. Directivity due to installation effects is also modeled. The amplitudes of the three spectral components are correlated to parameters unique to each group of landing gear parts, with the low and mid frequency noise essentially characterized by the physical dimensions of the wheels and the main struts, respectively, and the high frequency noise, whose generation is associated with a large number of small details in practical landing gears, defined by a complexity factor. Quantities that affect this complexity factor are discussed and an empirical model is given for practical applications. The prediction model is validated by wing tunnel test data for an isolated Boeing 737 landing gear and by flight test data for the Boeing 777 airplane. In both cases, the predictions agree well with data, both in parametric trends and in absolute noise levels.
A Novel Mobile Antenna for Ku-Band Satellite Communications (2005)

A mobile antenna for multimedia communications with Ku-band geostationary satellite KOREASAT-3 and JSAT-2A is presented. The forward link of the satellite communication is 11.7 to 12.75 GHz, and the return link is 14.0 to 14.5 GHz. The mobile antenna is designed to be a stair structure using 24 active phased array elements in order to provide a low profile, and to be at a non-periodic array distance using the genetic algorithm. Also, the designed antenna uses the double beam forming method for stable satellite tracking. The fabricated mobile antenna is examined using various experiments to confirm its capability for practical application. From the measured results, the fabricated mobile antenna system is confirmed to have a good performance.
Integrated Colonization Control of Salmonella in Poultry (1988)

Control of the human enteropathogen Salmonella in poultry is a top priority of the USDA and the Agricultural Research Service. Numerous approaches are being taken to try and eliminate or at least reduce the levels of Salmonella on processed broilers. In this paper, factors that affect the degree of Salmonella colonization of poultry are examined, and different approaches to reduce Salmonella colonization are discussed. When used together, these approaches form a concept called integrated colonization control.
Characterization and dissolution studies of a benzophenone-containing organic-soluble polyimide (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization and dissolution studies of a benzophenone-containing organic-soluble polyimideHurng Rern Lee, Tsai An Yu, and Yu Der LeeCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 2, 502–509Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00204a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00204a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Erinacine E as a Kappa Opioid Receptor Agonist and Its New Analogs from a Basidiomycete, Hericium ramosum. (1998)

A kappa opioid receptor binding inhibitor was isolated from the fermentation broth of a basidiomycete, Hericium ramosum CL24240 and identified as erinacine E (1). Three analogs of 1 were produced by fermentation in other media and by microbial biotransformation. Of these compounds, 1 was shown to be the most potent binding inhibitor. Preliminary SAR studies of these compounds indicated that all functional groups and side chains were required for the activity. Compound 1 was a highly-selective binding inhibitor for the kappa opioid receptor: 0.8 microM (IC50) for kappa, >200 microM for mu, and >200 microM for delta opioid receptor. Compound 1 suppressed electrically-stimulated twitch responses of rabbit vas deferens with an ED50 of 14 microM. The suppression was recovered by adding a selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, indicating that 1 is a kappa opioid receptor agonist.
Electrochemical Detection of miRNAs (2014)

Abstract The recent progress made in the development of electrochemical methods for microRNA (miRNA) detection is presented. The progress is conceived to be largely due to the invention of novel assay methodologies and the use of various bioreagents and nanostructures. These enable a rigorous control over the sensing interface, provide enormous signal amplifications and single‐base mismatch specificity. Femtomolar or even subfemtomolar detection limits were shown to be feasible by electrochemical assays. Thus electrochemical detection methodologies are of perspective for diagnostic miRNA detection.
High throughput CORDIC-based systolic array design for the discrete cosine transform (2002)

In this paper, we propose a modified Malvar algorithm that can transfer the Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) results to the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) by using a one additional CORDIC computing stage. A fast CORDIC-based systolic array is designed with four attractive features the single/double data folding feature; the constructive feature; the co-computing feature; and redundant path computation. Due to the existence of the redundant path, the proposed design also has the capability of error detection.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scheduling strategies for low-energy programmable digit-serial Reed-Solomon codecs (2002)

This paper considers two types of digit-serial finite field multiplications, and their applications to the design of low-energy high-performance Reed-Solomon codecs in software, based on a digit-serial finite field data path architecture. The salient feature of this digit-serial approach is that only the digit-cells are implemented in hardware, the finite field multiplications are performed digit-serially in software by dynamically scheduling the internal digit-level operations. It is shown that for larger digit-sizes, more than 60% energy reduction and more than one-third energy-delay reduction can be achieved be using these scheduling approaches for the digit-serial data path as compared with that for the parallel data path, for 2-error-correcting Reed-Solomon(n,k) codecs over GF(2/sup 8/), where n can range from 5 to 255. When area becomes a critical design constraint, smaller digit-sizes must be used. In that case, the energy and energy-delay reduction can be achieved using combined scheduling strategies.
220 GHz power amplifier development at Northrop Grumman (2012)

A 220 GHz vacuum electronic (VE) power amplifier has been designed and is being tested as part of the DARPA HiFIVE program. Minimum power goal is 50 watts at 220 GHz. This amplifier uses advanced, high current density cathodes, a folded waveguide slow-wave circuit, and a depressed collector for improved overall device efficiency. Operation at duty cycles of 50-100% is anticipated.