gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
tRNA genes and retroelements in the yeast genome (1998)

A survey of tRNA genes and retroelements (Ty) in the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. Aspects of genomic organization and evolution of these genetic entities and their interplay are discussed. Attention is also given to the relationship between tRNA gene multiplicity and codon selection in yeast and the role of Ty elements.
Feature fusion as a practical solution toward noncooperative iris recognition (2008)

In noncooperative Iris recognition one should deal with uncontrolled behavior of the subject as well as uncontrolled lighting conditions. That means imperfect focus, contrast, brightness, and orientation among the others. To cope with this situation we propose to take iris images at both near infrared (NIR) and visible light (VL) and use them simultaneously for recognition. In this paper, a novel approach for iris recognition is proposed so that extracted features of NIR and VL images are fused to improve the recognition rate. When the images do not have enough quality due to focus, contrast, etc., effects of feature fusion is more pronounced. This is the situation in UTIRIS database, which is used in our experiments. Experimental results show that the proposed approach, especially in small training samples, leads to a remarkable improvement on recognition rate compared with either NIR or VL recognition.
StackMix: A complementary Mix algorithm (2020)

Techniques combining multiple images as input/output have proven to be effective data augmentations for training convolutional neural networks. In this paper, we present StackMix: Each input is presented as a concatenation of two images, and the label is the mean of the two one-hot labels. On its own, StackMix rivals other widely used methods in the "Mix" line of work. More importantly, unlike previous work, significant gains across a variety of benchmarks are achieved by combining StackMix with existing Mix augmentation, effectively mixing more than two images. E.g., by combining StackMix with CutMix, test error in the supervised setting is improved across a variety of settings over CutMix, including 0.8\% on ImageNet, 3\% on Tiny ImageNet, 2\% on CIFAR-100, 0.5\% on CIFAR-10, and 1.5\% on STL-10. Similar results are achieved with Mixup.We further show that gains hold for robustness to common input corruptions and perturbations at varying severities with a 0.7\% improvement on CIFAR-100-C, by combining StackMix with AugMix over AugMix. On its own, improvements with StackMix hold across different number of labeled samples on CIFAR-100, maintaining approximately a 2\% gap in test accuracy -- down to using only 5\% of the whole dataset -- and is effective in the semi-supervised setting with a 2\% improvement with the standard benchmark $Π$-model. Finally, we perform an extensive ablation study to better understand the proposed algorithm.
Using disparity for quality assessment of stereoscopic images (2008)

3DTV has been widely studied these last years from a technical point of view but the related perceived quality evaluations do not follow this hype. This paper firstly reviews quality assessment issues for 3DTV. Compared to 2D quality measure, depth information adds several new problems considering quality assessment. Nevertheless, efforts made for 2D content quality estimation can be used for an extension to 3D. In a second part, this paper proposes an adaptation of 2D metrics to 3D in the context of coding artifacts and stereoscopic images. Distortion on disparity is introduced to improve conventional 2D metrics. Performances have been evaluated using subjective tests.
Accounting Period Concept And Its Effect On Management Decisions (1966)

Accounting and Decision Making, Advertising expenses, Discretionary expenses, Financial reporting
Polymer Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices with Multilayer Structures Prepared by Thermal Lamination (2009)

Multilayer structures consisting of two blend layers of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):(6,6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly{N-[1-(2′-ethylhexyl)-3-ethylheptanyl]-dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole-2,6-diyl-alt-4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-5′, 5′ ′ -diyl} (PDTPDTBT):PCBM were prepared by a simple thermal lamination technique. Both of the layers contributed to the photocurrent generation simultaneously, as shown by external quantum efficiency spectra. The recombination rate at the interfaces was largely affected by the stacking order of the layers, resulting in the difference of the fill factors. The broadened light absorption range of the multilayer devices compared to that of single-layer P3HT:PCBM devices improved the short-circuit current from 8.83 to 9.41 mA cm−2 because of the absorption of the PDTPDTBT:PCBM layer, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 3.0% with an open circuit voltage of 0.58 V and a fill factor of 54%.
Embedding Learning with Triple Trustiness on Noisy Knowledge Graph (2019)

Embedding learning on knowledge graphs (KGs) aims to encode all entities and relationships into a continuous vector space, which provides an effective and flexible method to implement downstream knowledge-driven artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Since KG construction usually involves automatic mechanisms with less human supervision, it inevitably brings in plenty of noises to KGs. However, most conventional KG embedding approaches inappropriately assume that all facts in existing KGs are completely correct and ignore noise issues, which brings about potentially serious errors. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a novel approach to learn embeddings with triple trustiness on KGs, which takes possible noises into consideration. Specifically, we calculate the trustiness value of triples according to the rich and relatively reliable information from large amounts of entity type instances and entity descriptions in KGs. In addition, we present a cross-entropy based loss function for model optimization. In experiments, we evaluate our models on KG noise detection, KG completion and classification. Through extensive experiments on three datasets, we demonstrate that our proposed model can learn better embeddings than all baselines on noisy KGs.
Zn Diffusion in In<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ga<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>As with ZnAs<sub>2</sub>Source (1980)

By using ZnAs2 as a diffusion source, Zn has been diffused into InxGa1-xAs over the whole range of composition x at temperatures between 500°C and 600°C. The measured activation energy and crystal composition dependence of the diffusion coefficients and Zn surface concentration are compared with the two diffusion models so far proposed and are found to agree with the interstitial (Zni2+)-substitutional (Zns-) model. Empirical formulas describing the dependence of junction depth, hole concentration, hole mobility and diffused layer resistivity on crystal composition x, diffusion time t and temperature T are derived. Planar photodiodes, fabricated by preferential Zn diffusion in InxGa1-xAs VPE layers, exhibit microplasma-free uniform breakdown with higher breakdown voltage than 100 V, low junction capacitance of 0.24 pF for 100 µm diameter and low dark current density of 10-6 to 10-5 A/cm2.
THE SALIENCE OF FACIAL EXPRESSION FOR AUTISTIC CHILDREN (1987)

Autistic and non-autistic retarded children who were matched for verbal ability were shown 'standard' pairs of photographs of people who differed in three, two or one of the following respects: sex, age, facial expression of emotion, and the type of hat they were wearing. When given similar photographs to sort, the majority of non-autistic children sorted according to people's facial expressions before they sorted according to type of hat, but most autistic children gave priority to sorting by type of hat, and many neglected the facial expressions altogether. It is suggested that these results reflect autistic children's insensitivity to other people's facial expressions of emotion.
Interleukin-3 promotes hemangioblast development in mouse aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (2009)

The hemangioblast with lymphomyeloid potential is one of the precursors of definitive hematopoiesis in the mouse aorta-gonad-mesonephros region. Interleukin-3 has a regulatory role with regards to both the number and capacity of the dual-potential hemangioblast.
Applying machine learning-based diagnostic functions to rotorcraft safety (2017)

The United States Army has recently funded future vertical lift aircraft manufacturers to investigate and integrate machine learning based technologies into Health and Usage Monitoring Systems and Flight Data Recorders. Furthermore, the Army has started a project to employ these methods to improve diagnostic classifiers fielded to Soldiers as part of the Condition Based Maintenance Program. Since the 1990s, the Army has accumulated a large and diverse dataset of rotorcraft flight characteristics, operational behaviour, and component and system failure data that could be used in machine learning based applications. As the airworthiness authority of the Army rotorcraft fleet, the Aviation Engineering Directorate has embarked on a project to define the necessary qualification and substantiation documentation required to use machine learning based diagnostics to monitor aircraft safety. This paper presents a qualification sub-process that uses machine learning classifiers to develop safety based diagnostics for rotorcraft resulting in actionable information for pilots, maintainers, engineers, logisticians and project managers.
Compact Random Feature Maps (2013)

Kernel approximation using randomized feature maps has recently gained a lot of interest. In this work, we identify that previous approaches for polynomial kernel approximation create maps that are rank deficient, and therefore do not utilize the capacity of the projected feature space effectively. To address this challenge, we propose compact random feature maps (CRAFTMaps) to approximate polynomial kernels more concisely and accurately. We prove the error bounds of CRAFTMaps demonstrating their superior kernel reconstruction performance compared to the previous approximation schemes. We show how structured random matrices can be used to efficiently generate CRAFTMaps, and present a single-pass algorithm using CRAFTMaps to learn non-linear multi-class classifiers. We present experiments on multiple standard data-sets with performance competitive with state-of-the-art results.
Using small, rare-earth magnets to study the susceptibility of feebly magnetic metals (1992)

Small rare-earth magnets have remarkable properties that can be exploited in the construction of simple measuring devices. Examples are a torsion pendulum that measures the earth’s horizontal magnetic field and a gravimetric pendulum that responds to the small susceptibilities of various ‘‘nonmagnetic’’ materials. These preliminary demonstrations lead to the design of a practical device for measuring the susceptibilities of feebly magnetic metals in low magnetic fields. Our laboratory has used this last method to determine relatively small magnetic susceptibilities, down to 0.0003, to an uncertainty of less than 20%. A convenient feature of our apparatus is that calibration by a susceptibility standard is not required.
Emerging roles of system antiporter and its inhibition in CNS disorders (2015)

System [Formula: see text] is an antiporter belonging to the hetero(di)meric amino acid transporter family. It is located on astrocytes as well as on blood-brain barrier within the CNS. It plays a pivotal role in free radical neutralization as well as neuronal signalling by regulating the glutathione production which occurs via the exchange of intracellular glutamate with extracellular cystine at 1:1 molar ratio. Understandably, it is a vital component responsible for the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis (e.g. redox state). Hence, it could be postulated that any perturbation in system [Formula: see text] function may contribute, directly or indirectly, to the pathophysiology of a variety of CNS disorders like Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, drug addiction, depression, multiple sclerosis, hypoglycemic neuronal cell death, glioma, and excitotoxicity, making system [Formula: see text] a promising target for treating CNS disorders. In recent times, recognizing the potential of this target, variety of inhibitors has been synthesized by modifying commercially available potent inhibitors including sulfasalazine, erastin, and sorafenib. Although, they have demonstrated efficacy, the in-depth data is still lacking to warrant their use for the treatment of aforementioned CNS disorders. In this review, we discuss the in-depth role of system [Formula: see text] transporter in maintaining normal physiology as well as in the pathophysiology of CNS diseases. Additionally, we have also listed some of the potent inhibitors of system [Formula: see text]. In conclusion, the critical role of system [Formula: see text] in multiple CNS disorders and advanced research on its inhibitors have promising future prospects for better management of the CNS ailments.
Comparing reinforcement strategies for epoxy networks using reactive and non‐reactive fortifiers (2006)

Abstract Improvements in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of an epoxy network are made with the use of a unique class of molecules that reinforce the network at the molecular scale. These molecules are commonly referred to as antiplasticizers or fortifiers. In this contribution, two types of fortifiers are incorporated into the model epoxy network. One, dimethyl methylphosphonate, is a simple additive while the other, diethyl phosphoramidate, contains a reactive amine and is cured as part of the network. The two approaches provide some unique differences in the physical and mechanical properties of the networks. Several mechanisms of fortification are discussed and correlated to the observed properties. In addition, it is shown that the fortifiers improve the rheological characteristics of the epoxy resin and act as fire‐retardants in the cured network. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4606–4615, 2006
Making Fixed Fees Work for Firms (2004)

The benefits and advantages that charging a fixed fee by legal firms for providing legal services provides are discussed. The kind of legal matters that are suitable for fixed fees work are highlighted.
EGF Gene Polymorphism and the Risk of Incident Primary Melanoma (2004)

Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathway has been implicated in melanoma pathogenesis, and a recent case-control study identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (G to A) in the EGF gene where the G allele was associated with increased EGF expression and an increased risk of melanoma. To further evaluate this association, we conducted a case-control analysis from the Genes, Environment, and Melanoma study at the University of Michigan site using two different study designs. Incident cases of histopathologically confirmed first primary melanoma that were diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2000 from the University of Michigan Melanoma Clinic (n = 330) were compared with the following two different sources of nonmelanoma controls: spouse/friend controls (n = 84) and healthy volunteer controls from a case-control study of psoriasis (n = 148). Using a second analytic design, comparisons between multiple primary melanoma cases (n = 62) and single primary melanoma cases (n = 330) were also evaluated to estimate odds ratios (ORs). Genotyping for the single nucleotide substitution (G to A) at position 61 in the 5' untranslated region of the EGF gene was performed from genomic DNA, and epidemiological risk factors were assessed through a telephone interview. When EGF genotypes were compared between incident primary melanoma cases and the nonmelanoma controls, the risk associated with the homozygous G/G genotype was not statistically significantly associated with an increased risk for incident primary melanoma compared with the homozygous A/A genotype [OR, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.65-1.85]. No strong associations with EGF G/G genotype were observed in comparisons of multiple primary and single primary melanoma cases (OR, 0.66; 95% CI; 0.25-1.73). Case subjects with tumors >/=3.5 mm compared with those <3.5 mm were not significantly associated with the G/G genotype (OR, 0.54; 95% CI; 0.12-2.35). Our data do not support a significant association between melanoma and the EGF 61*G allele or the homozygous G/G genotype. The EGF polymorphism is not a reproducible risk factor for melanoma or thick melanoma in our data. The two analytic approaches used in the study provide evidence against a strong association between EGF 61*G and melanoma and demonstrate the potential utility of case-case designs for evaluating the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms and cancer. Additional independent studies will be required to elucidate relationships between genetic variation in the EGF gene and risk of melanoma.
Mutation analysis of the inhibin alpha gene in a cohort of Italian women affected by ovarian failure (2002)

These data strengthen the concept of the INHalpha gene as a candidate for ovarian failure.
An Antibody-Catalyzed Selenoxide Elimination (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAn Antibody-Catalyzed Selenoxide EliminationZhaohui S. Zhou, Ning Jiang, and Donald HilvertView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology The Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla, California 92037 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 15, 3623–3624Publication Date (Web):April 16, 1997Publication History Received28 October 1996Published online16 April 1997Published inissue 1 April 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja963748jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja963748jrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views629Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Immunology,Peptides and proteins,Surface interactions,Transition states Get e-Alerts
A Social Compute Cloud: Allocating and Sharing Infrastructure Resources via Social Networks (2014)

Social network platforms have rapidly changed the way that people communicate and interact. They have enabled the establishment of, and participation in, digital communities as well as the representation, documentation and exploration of social relationships. We believe that as `apps' become more sophisticated, it will become easier for users to share their own services, resources and data via social networks. To substantiate this, we present a social compute cloud where the provisioning of cloud infrastructure occurs through “friend” relationships. In a social compute cloud, resource owners offer virtualized containers on their personal computer(s) or smart device(s) to their social network. However, as users may have complex preference structures concerning with whom they do or do not wish to share their resources, we investigate, via simulation, how resources can be effectively allocated within a social community offering resources on a best effort basis. In the assessment of social resource allocation, we consider welfare, allocation fairness, and algorithmic runtime. The key findings of this work illustrate how social networks can be leveraged in the construction of cloud computing infrastructures and how resources can be allocated in the presence of user sharing preferences.
The antiulcer action of sophora and the active constituent in sophora. II. The antiulcer action of vexibinol. (1990)

The inhibitory effect of vexibinol, one of the flavanols found in Sophora, on gastric ulcers induced by HCl-ethanol has been reported previously. In the present study, the effect of vexibinol was examined in various experimental ulcer models in order to determine the mechanism of its antiulcer action. The results indicated that the oral administration of vexibinol at 25-50 mg/kg significantly inhibited the development of ulcers induced by HCl-ethanol, 0.6 N HCl 0.2 N NaOH, absolute ethanol and 1% NH3. In addition, an intraduodenal administration of vexibinol at 300 mg/kg significantly inhibited Shay's ulcer. Further, intraduodenal administration at 300 mg/kg significantly inhibited acid secretion caused by 2-deoxy-D-glucose. These results suggest that vexibinol has not only gastric mucosal protective action but also an inhibitory effect on the secretion of gastric acids.
Rapid-response ceramic thermistor fibers (2004)

Barium titanate PTCR thermistors in the form of 250 and 125 /spl mu/m-diameter fibers have been fabricated via thermoplastic powder extrusion. These thermistors are significantly smaller than conventional thermistors and their resistance ratings can be adjusted easily prior to electroding simply by cutting a given sintered fiber to the correct length. Due to their negligible size and thermal mass, these ultra-small thermistors exhibit much faster responses to changes in their operating conditions than commercially-available millimeter-scale PTCR elements and should be less prone to thermal shock damage.
Novel Index for Invasively Assessing the Coronary Microcirculation (2003)

Measuring IMR may provide a simple, quantitative, invasive assessment of the coronary microcirculation.
AUDIT OF A ROAD BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE USING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (2001)

This paper describes a new application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) in non-destructively assessing the delivered quality of bridge superstructure beams. A case history is described where GPR was used to assess the quality of 180 prestressed concrete beams in relation to the requirements specified in the engineering design. The beams analysed in this project represent a standard design used in Queensland where several large polystyrene blocks (called voids) are cast internally within the deck beams to reduce the weight of the beams. GPR was used effectively to determine the finished location of these voids within the beams and identify any defects associated with the movement of the voids during manufacture of the beams. It was concluded that at least 90 percent of the beams were out of tolerance due to significant void movement in a vertical direction and there were significant associated defects of air cavities within the concrete, thin top and bottom flanges and longitudinal soffit cracking. Predominantly the voids had moved downwards during the concrete placement process. The accuracy of the GPR survey was determined to be within 5 mm where good calibration was obtained and within 10 mm for the global set of results of 4860 measurement points. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E206071.