gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutant p53 can substitute for human papillomavirus type 16 E6 in immortalization of human keratinocytes but does not have E6-associated trans-activation or transforming activity (1992)

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 are selectively retained and expressed in HPV16-associated human genital tumors. E6 is active in several cell culture assays, including transformation of NIH 3T3 cells, trans activation of the adenovirus E2 promoter, and cooperation with E7 to immortalize normal human keratinocytes. Biochemically, the HPV16 E6 protein has been shown to bind to tumor suppressor protein p53 in vitro and induce its degradation in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. To examine the relationship between the various biological activities of E6 and inactivation of p53, we tested the abilities of dominant negative mutants of p53 to substitute functionally for E6 in the three cell culture assays. While wild-type p53 inhibited keratinocyte proliferation, both mouse and human mutant p53s, in conjunction with E7, increased proliferation of the keratinocytes, resulting in generation of immortalized lines. However, in contrast to E6, mutant p53 was unable to induce transformation or trans activate the adenovirus E2 promoter in NIH 3T3 cells. These results suggest that inactivation of wild-type p53 is necessary for HPV-induced immortalization of human keratinocytes and that different or additional activities are required for E6-dependent transformation and trans activation of NIH 3T3 cells.
Exploiting Different Levels of Parallelism in the Quantum Control Microarchitecture for Superconducting Qubits (2021)

As current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices suffer from decoherence errors, any delay in the instruction execution of quantum control microarchitecture can lead to the loss of quantum information and incorrect computation results. Hence, it is crucial for the control microarchitecture to issue quantum operations to the Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) in time. As in classical microarchitecture, parallelism in quantum programs needs to be exploited for speedup. However, three challenges emerge in the quantum scenario: 1) the quantum feedback control can introduce significant pipeline stall latency; 2) timing control is required for all quantum operations; 3) QPU requires a deterministic operation supply to prevent the accumulation of quantum errors. In this paper, we propose a novel control microarchitecture design to exploit Circuit Level Parallelism (CLP) and Quantum Operation Level Parallelism (QOLP). Firstly, we develop a Multiprocessor architecture to exploit CLP, which supports dynamic scheduling of different sub-circuits. This architecture can handle parallel feedback control and minimize the potential overhead that disrupts the timing control. Secondly, we propose a Quantum Superscalar approach that exploits QOLP by efficiently executing massive quantum instructions in parallel. Both methods issue quantum operations to QPU deterministically. In the benchmark test of a Shor syndrome measurement, a six-core implementation of our proposal achieves up to 2.59$\times$ speedup compared with a single core. For various canonical quantum computing algorithms, our superscalar approach achieves an average of 4.04$\times$ improvement over a baseline design. Finally, We perform a simultaneous randomized benchmarking (simRB) experiment on a real QPU using the proposed microarchitecture for validation.
On the Selection of a Prior Distribution in Bayesian Acceptance Sampling (1982)

Bayesian acceptance sampling plans, including the increasingly popular economically-based versions, require the specification of a prior distribution of defectives from lot to lot. This paper examines the relationship between defectives in the sample and defectives in the rest of the lot for each of five prior distributions. It is seen that the use of a binomial prior renders sampling useless and inappropriate.
Oxygen Uptake by <i>Treponema pallidum</i> (1974)

Virulent Treponema pallidum has been shown to consume O(2) at a rate similar to that of the known aerobic spirochaete, Leptospira. Such O(2) uptake is cyanide sensitive, indicating a functioning cytochrome oxidase. Inhibition of O(2) uptake by azide, chlorpromazine, and amytal further suggests a functioning electron transport system for the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced) to O(2). Evidence is consistent with the probability that this terminal electron-transport system is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation. The potential significance of these findings is discussed.
High throughput screening for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 inhibitor. (2003)

The ELISA method was inexpensive, reproducible and suitable for high throughput primary cell assay. This assay was feasible to identify inhibitors of ICAM-1 and simultaneously discriminate the activity from the cytotoxic effects.
The Differential Gene Expression Pattern of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>in Response to Capreomycin and PA-824 versus First-Line TB Drugs Reveals Stress- and PE/PPE-Related Drug Targets (2009)

Tuberculosis is a leading infectious disease causing millions of deaths each year. How to eradicate mycobacterial persistence has become a central research focus for developing next-generation TB drugs. Yet, the knowledge in this area is fundamentally limited and only a few drugs, notably capreomycin and PA-824, have been shown to be active against non-replicating persistent TB bacilli. In this study, we performed a new bioinformatics analysis on microarray-based gene expression data obtained from the public domain to explore genes that were differentially induced by drugs between the group of capreomycin and PA-824 and the group of mainly the first-line TB drugs. Our study has identified 42 genes specifically induced by capreomycin and PA-824. Many of these genes are related to stress responses. In terms of the distribution of identified genes in a specific category relative to the whole genome, only the categories of PE/PPE and conserved hypotheticals have statistical significance. Six among the 42 genes identified in this study are on the list of the top 100 persistence targets selected by the TB Structural Genomics Consortium. Further biological elucidation of their roles in mycobacterial persistence is warranted.
Management musings 17: changing attitudes (2004)

Discusses the problem of managing organisational change. Considers the difference between long‐ and short‐term organisational change and how the attitudes of both staff and managers can affect the processes and outcomes of organisational change.
Effects of Cyclosporine Therapy on Plasma Lipoprotein Levels (1989)

Accelerated atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death in long-term survivors of heart and renal transplantation and may be exacerbated by the frequent occurrence of posttransplant hyperlipidemia. Attempts to define the mechanism for hyperlipidemia in transplant recipients are confounded by dramatic changes in metabolism and nutritional status after transplantation, as well as by treatment with multiple immunosuppressive and antihypertensive drugs. To avoid these pitfalls and to determine if cyclosporine alone adversely affects lipid levels, we measured lipoprotein levels in a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of cyclosporine in 36 men with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels were measured at baseline, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months. Significant increases of 21% in total cholesterol, 31% in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 12% in apolipoprotein B levels occurred only in the cyclosporine group. Cyclosporine therapy alone adversely affects plasma lipoprotein levels by increasing total cholesterol levels, primarily due to an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.
Observation of magnetic domains using a reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscope (1997)

It is demonstrated that it is possible to image magnetic domains with a resolution of better than 60 nm with the Kerr effect in a reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscope. Images taken of tracks of thermomagnetically prewritten bits in a Co/Pt multilayer structure magnetized out-of plane showed optical features in a track pattern whose appearance was determined by the position of an analyzer in front of the photomultiplier tube. These features were not apparent in the topography, showing this to be a purely magneto-optic effect.
Introduction. (2010)

<title>Abstract</title> This chapter presents some definitions, introduces the idea of government involvement in leisure, sport and tourism, outlines the broad philosophical/political perspective adopted in the book and provides an overview of the book's structure.
Biomarkers for malignant melanoma (2018)

Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers. The pathogenesis of melanoma has not been well documented, which may restrict the research and development of biomarkers and therapies. Recently, with the further study of the pathogenesis of melanoma and the development of molecular biology techniques, some new biomarkers have been found to play an important role in melanoma. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been identified as contributing to the development and progression of melanoma. Considerable efforts have been made to classify melanoma into distinct subtypes based on genetic mutations and gene expression profile offer important information on patients′ prognosis and individual treatment options. Epigenetic alterations can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for melanoma and can be used as a new biomarker for predicting prognosis and predicting disease. And the discovery of biomarkers for melanoma provides a theoretical basis for early diagnosis, individualized treatment and prognosis.


Key words: 
Melanoma; Genetics; Epigenesis, genetic; Biomarkers
Nouvelles voies du traitement de la crise suicidaire borderline (2012)

An increasingly controversial diagnostic construct, borderline personality disorder yet encompasses a major clinical problem with significant relevance to mental health in the area of suicidal behavior. Over the last years psychotherapy made impressive progress showing significant effect on the self-damaging conducts. Few studies were performed among borderline patients referred to emergency room with suicide attempt and this issue deserves treatment innovation and research. To begin to respond this need, we investigated an original psychotherapy model focusing on traumatic reaction to abandonment from a romantic partner and the stormy mourning process of borderline patients confronting loss after falling in love. Based upon such an assumption, psychoanalytic psychotherapy was expected to optimize psychiatric treatment among these patients: a) neutralizing traumatic reaction to loss of a romantic partner and the corresponding realm of unbearable infantile experiences, b) facilitating mourning process working-out those primitive idealization/identification processes elicited from traumatic loss. This psychotherapy model was operated in various formats adapted to provide comprehensive acute treatment, including emergency care, short crisis hospitalization and 3 month ambulatory combined treatment. The results of several controlled studies aimed to assess each step of the program confirmed that, compared to valuable treatment as usual, these is cost-effective treatment choice with significant impact on service management of the borderline suicidal crisis.
Activation of the Mammalian Cells by Using Light-Sensitive Ion Channels (2012)

With advances in molecular biology and gene cloning techniques, it is now possible to selectively stimulate living cells of interest by using an external light source. This is done by transfecting the cells of interest with a plasmid carrying the channelrhodopsin (ChR2) gene. By stimulating these transfected cells with laser, the light-sensitive ion channels ChR2 are opened, followed by an influx of cation resulting in cell activation. This combination of optical and genetic technique is known in the literature as optogenetics. It is particularly useful in the functional studies of excitable cells, such as neurons, muscle and endocrine cells, to mimic the stimulation from action potentials to trigger the release neurotransmitters and hormones. Here, we describe the methods needed to make selected mammalian cells (PC12) respond to light excitation.
The Role of Fatty Acids in Gene Expression: Health Implications (1996)

The effect of nutrients on gene expression is an area of considerable interest as the number of genes coding for key regulatory proteins in metabolic pathways is investigated. This paper presents an overview of the role of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on the expression of genes involved in lipogenesis, glycolysis, glucose transporters, inflammation, early gene expression, and vascular cell adhesion molecules. Whereas some of the transcriptional effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids appear to be mediated by eicosanoids, the suppression of lipogenic and glycolytic genes is independent of eicosanoid synthesis, and appears to involved a nuclear mechanism directly modified by these fatty acids.
Induction of neurogenin‐1 expression by sonic hedgehog: Its role in development of trigeminal sensory neurons (2003)

We have examined the roles of signaling molecules in the mechanisms underlying the induction of neurogenin (ngn)-1 expression. ngn-1 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, which is essential for the specification of trigeminal sensory neurons. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using cranial explants in organ cultures showed that sonic hedgehog (Shh) promotes ngn-1 expression. This promoting activity was not observed in other signaling molecules examined. The promotion of ngn-1 expression by Shh, furthermore, was inhibited by cyclopamine, a specific inhibitor of Shh signaling. Shh did not affect the expression of ngn-2, a bHLH transcription factor that plays an important role in the specification of epibranchial placode-derived sensory neurons. The expression levels of ngn-1 and ngn-2 decreased after fibroblast growth factor-2 treatment. These results suggest that Shh induces ngn-1 expression specifically and that expression of ngn-1 and ngn-2 is regulated by different mechanisms. The induction of ngn-1 expression by Shh suggests that this signaling molecule participates in the specification of trigeminal sensory neurons. We therefore examined the effect of Shh on the development of these neurons. Immunostaining using anti-ngn-1 demonstrated that Shh promotes ngn-1 expression in trigeminal neural crest cells. Trigeminal neural crest cells are derived from the posterior mesencephalon and the most-anterior rhombencephalon, and they contain a subset of precursors of trigeminal sensory neurons. Moreover, a subpopulation of trigeminal neural crest cells expressed the Shh receptor Patched. The number of cells that express Brn3a, a POU-domain transcription factor that plays an important role in differentiation of sensory neurons, also increased with Shh treatment. Our data suggest that Shh signaling is involved in the specification of trigeminal sensory neurons through the induction of ngn-1 expression. Furthermore, Shh promotes the differentiation of neural crest cells into trigeminal sensory neurons.
Long-distance activation of the Myc protooncogene by provirus insertion in Mlvi-1 or Mlvi-4 in rat T-cell lymphomas. (1990)

T-cell lymphomas induced by Moloney murine leukemia virus frequently have proviruses integrated at the Mlvi-4 and Mlvi-1 loci, which map approximately 30 and 270 kilobases 3' of the promoter region of the Myc protooncogene, respectively. Provirus insertion in these loci is responsible for the activation of adjacent genes. To determine whether Myc expression was also affected by these provirus insertions, we constructed T-cell hybrids between two rat thymic lymphomas containing a provirus in Mlvi-4 or Mlvi-1 and the murine T-cell lymphoma line BW5147. These hybrids segregated the provirus-containing rearranged alleles from the normal nonrearranged alleles of Mlvi-4 and Mlvi-1, and they carried an intact copy of rat Myc. Using an S1 nuclease protection assay, we observed that the expression of the rat Myc cosegregated with the rearranged Mlvi-4 or Mlvi-1 locus. However, provirus insertion in these loci had no effect on promoter utilization or on the expression of the murine Myc locus. We conclude that provirus insertion exerts a long-range cis effect on the expression of Myc. Therefore, provirus integration in a single locus may affect the expression of multiple genes, some of which may be located a long distance from the site of integration.
Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland (1948)

Total 12 3 8 3 1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 2017 (2017)

This guideline is intended to provide new and updated evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of SSI and should be incorporated into comprehensive surgical quality improvement programs to improve patient safety.
Interaction of Hydrophobically Modified Poly(acrylic acid) Hydrogels with Ionic Surfactants (1996)

The role of the hydrophobic effect in polyelectrolyte gel/ionic surfactant interactions was investigated. A series of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) gels with well-controlled hydrophobicity was synthesized by free-radical copolymerization of acrylic acid with n-alkyl acrylates (n = 8, 12, and 18) in the presence of a cross-linking agent. The interaction of the gels with ionic surfactantsN-cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonatewas studied. Four gel/surfactant combinations were considered: uncharged gel/cationic surfactant, uncharged gel/anionic surfactant, anionic gel/cationic surfactant, and anionic gel/anionic surfactant. It was shown that the gels absorb cationic surfactant ions via an ion-exchange reaction with network counterions. On the other hand, the absorption of anionic surfactant is governed primarily by hydrophobic interactions, and hence, due to conditions of electroneutrality, anionic surfactant penetrates the gel together with corresponding co-ions. Therefore, the uptake of cationic surfactant ions results in gel shrinkage, while the uptake of anionic surfactant induces gel swelling. In the anionic gel/anionic surfactant system, a significant interaction is observed only for the most hydrophobic gels when hydrophobic interactions overcome the electrostatic repulsion between similarly charged groups.
Study of an Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonist on Trigeminally Evoked Dural Blood Vessel Dilation in the Anaesthetized Rat (2002)

The purpose of this study was to use intravital microscopy to determine the effect of a selective adenosine A1 receptor agonist, GR79236 (1, 3 and 10 microg/kg i.v.), on neurogenic dural blood vessel dilation in anaesthetized rats. Vasodilation was evoked either by electrical stimulation of perivascular trigeminal nerves or by intravenous CGRP. GR79236 (1-10 microg/kg i.v.) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of neurogenic vasodilation, but had no significant effect on dural vasodilation caused by CGRP. GR79236 (1-3 microg/kg i.v.) had no effect on basal dural vessel diameter, but caused transient dose-dependant bradycardia and hypotension. Bradycardia was more prolonged following 10 microg/kg i.v. GR79236. Pre-treatment with the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (1 mg/kg i.v.) prevented the inhibitory effect of GR79236 (10 microg/kg i.v.) on neurogenic vasodilation as well as GR79236-induced bradycardia and hypotension. These data suggest that the inhibition of neurogenic vasodilation by GR79236 is mediated via the activation of prejunctional adenosine A1 receptors. Provided the systemic cardiovascular effects could be limited, such a mechanism may offer a novel approach to migraine therapy.
<title>Sensitive wave-mixing detectors for capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography</title> (1996)

A sensitive absorbance measurement method based on multi- wave mixing optical method is demonstrated as an effective detector for capillary electrophoresis or liquid chromatography. The use of a single focusing lens to focus and mix the two input beams both simplifies the optical setup and utilizes the laser power very efficiently inside a small probe volume. Hence, inexpensive low-power (mW level) lasers can be used in this nonlinear multi-photon detection method, including low-power argon ion lasers, He-Ne lasers and laser diodes. The resulting small (pL range) probe volume (laser beam overlap zone) allows convenient interfacing of this detector to capillary-based electrophoresis or chromatography separation systems. Excellent signal collection efficiency (virtually 100%) for the collimated coherent signal beam, allows detection sensitivity levels similar to those of fluorescence-based methods, and yet wave-mixing detectors are applicable for both fluorescing and non-fluorescing flowing analytes. The coherent signal beam is generated by thermally-induced refractive-index spatial gratings formed by the two input beams, and hence, the signal strength also depends on some solvent properties. The wave-mixing detector is demonstrated to be effective for trace analysis, offering advantages such as detection in very small sample volumes, remote and in situ analysis, and convenient as well as efficient alignment enhancements obtained by the introduction of optical fibers into the detector optical setup.
The Aggregation of Bovine Plasma Albumin at Low pH<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Aggregation of Bovine Plasma Albumin at Low pH1Edward J. Williams and Joseph F. FosterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 14, 3741–3745Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01499a068RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (643 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Low energy theorems in pion production (1992)

Considerable activity-both theoretical and experimental-has recently taken place involving the threshold and near threshold of pion photo- and electroproduction. This activity is herein summarized and a program for future work is outlined.