gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal transduction through the GTP-binding proteins Rac and Rho (1994)

Actin reorganization is an early response to many extracellular factors. In Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts, the Ras-related GTP-binding proteins Rho and Rac act as key signal transducers in these responses: Rho is required for growth factor-induced formation of stress fibres and focal adhesions, whereas membrane ruffling is regulated by Rac proteins. Several proteins that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for Rho-related proteins have been identified, and these could act either as targets or down-regulators of Rho or Rac in cells. In vitro, the GAP domain of p190 has a striking preference for Rho as a substrate, and when microinjected into Swiss 3T3 cells it inhibits stress fibre formation but not membrane ruffling induced by growth factors. BcrGAP acts on Rac but not Rho in vitro, and specifically inhibits membrane ruffling in vivo. Finally, RhoGAP acts preferentially on the Rho-related protein G25K/Cdc42Hs in vitro, but can inhibit Rho-mediated responses in vivo. These results suggest that p190, Bcr and RhoGAP play specific roles in signalling pathways through different Rho family members. The mechanisms underlying Rho-regulated stress fibre formation have been investigated further by analysing the role of other signals known to be activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Neither activation of PK-C, increased intracellular Ca2+, decreased cAMP levels or Ras activation appear to mediate stress fibre formation. However, LPA stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of proteins, including the focal adhesion kinase, pp125FAK, and genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, prevents this increase in tyrosine phosphorylation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Photophysical properties of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (m-THPP), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (m-THPC) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(m-hydroxyphenyl)bacteriochlorin (m-THPBC): a comparative study (1999)

For the tumour photosensitisers m-THPP, m-THPC, and m-THPBC in methanol the following photophysical properties have been measured: absorption and fluorescence spectra, ES, Stokes shift, Φf, ΦT, τT, dioxygen quenching rates, and ΦΔ for air-saturated and oxygen-saturated solutions. The properties of the first excited triplet state are quite uniform across this series. The quantum yields of singlet oxygen formation are high, being 0.43–0.46 in air-saturated methanol, and 0.59–0.62 in oxygen-saturated methanol. For a constant substitution pattern and a standard given light dose, tumour photonecrosis in vivo appears to parallel the product of drug dose and the molar extinction at the irradiation wavelength in the red region of the visible spectrum.
Fetal growth and perinatal viability in California. (1982)

To produce more appropriate information for evaluating fetal growth and viability, vital records data were used to compute percentile curves and perinatal, neonatal, and fetal mortality rates at specific birth weights and gestational ages. Percentile values were in good agreement with previous studies, and the large number of births (2,288,806) allowed for a more precise determination of fetal viability at various weight-age combinations than has been previously available. Mortality rates were found to be much more sensitive to birth weight than to gestational age, especially for small-for-gestational age fetuses. Optimal weight-age combinations were found to be up to 500 g and 2 weeks greater than the average combination. The results consistently emphasize the importance of rapid and sustained fetal growth at all gestational ages.
A Study of a Metal Pushing V-Belt Type CVT-Part 2: Compression Force Between Metal Blocks and Ring Tension (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In this study, distributions of block compression force on the driving and driven pulleys were measured using a tiny load-cell inserted between two blocks and a telemeter system, under several constant speed ratios. Ring tension distributions were also measured using a specially devised block. From the experimental results, the following conclusions were drawn: <ol class="list nostyle"> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">(1)</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Block compression force distribution on the driving pulley is significantly different from that on the driven pulley.</div></li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">(2)</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Ring tension takes different value at each side of strings. It is considered that this phenomenon is caused by difference of saddle surface speed between two pulleys.</div></li></ol></div>
Suppression of long-term potentiation in hippocampal slices by copper (1997)

Cu(2+)-ions are known to interfere with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)- and glutamate-operated ion channels from experiments with isolated neurons. Such actions are likely involved in the pathophysiology of Wilson's disease. We have now studied the effects of Cu2+ in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices. Field excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) slopes in the CA1 region were unaffected by 1 microM Cu2+ but were depressed by 10 microM (to 85%) and 100 microM (to 50%). A paired-pulse test revealed no difference in facilitation in the presence or absence of Cu2+, indicating a postsynaptic action. A late component of intracellularly registered EPSPs in Mg(2+)-free solution was also reduced by Cu2+. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) component of the field EPSP, isolated by adding CNQX and bicuculline in Mg(2+)-free solution, was reduced to 69% of control by 1 microM and to 50% of control by 10 microM Cu2+. Long-term potentiation, evoked by 3 x 50 pulses at 100 Hz, 20 s interval amounted to 132 +/- 11% 90 min after tetanization under control conditions but was absent in the presence of 1 microM Cu2+ in the bath. Thus low concentrations of copper can selectively reduce NMDA-mediated potentials and synaptic plasticity.
Defining Macropinocytosis (2009)

Macropinocytosis represents a distinct pathway of endocytosis in mammalian cells. This actin-driven endocytic process is not directly co-ordinated by the presence of cargo but can be induced upon activation of growth factor signalling pathways. The capacity to dissect the contribution of macropinocytosis to cellular processes has been hampered by a lack of unique molecular markers and defining features. While aspects of macropinosome formation and maturation are common to those shared by the other endocytic pathways, a number of key differences have recently begun to emerge and will be discussed in this study. It is now well established that macropinocytosis significantly contributes to antigen presentation by the immune system and is exploited by a range of pathogens for cellular invasion and avoidance of immune surveillance.
Designing circuits with partial scan (1988)

In this scan design methodology, only selected faults are targeted for detection. These faults are those not detected by the designer's functional vectors. The test generator decides exactly which flip-flops should be scanned using one of two methods. In the first method, all possible tests are generated for each target fault, and the set of tests requiring the fewest flip-flops is selected. In the second method, only one test is generated for each fault, and the use of flip-flops is avoided as much as possible during test generation. Examples of actual VLSI circuits show a savings of at least a 40% in full-scan overhead.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fabrication and performance of color filter arrays for solid-state imagers (1978)

A technique has been developed for the fabrication of a color filter array (CFA) to be used in conjunction with a solid-state area sensor to provide three-color image information from a single sensor. The fabrication technique employs sublimable dyes which are heat-transferred through photoresist windows onto a polymer receiving layer. Good edge sharpness and a low dye penetration depth into the polymer have been achieved. The predicted and measured spectral response of the color channels of the composite device are in good agreement. The pattern noise associated with CFA transmittance fluctuations from element to element is on the order of 10 percent.
A practical, compact, high performance two-mode fiber acousto-optic frequency shifter (1993)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
MR fingerprinting for water T1 and fat fraction quantification in fat infiltrated skeletal muscles (2019)

The MRF T1-FF sequence derived T1<sub>H2O</sub> and FF values in voxels containing a mixture of water and fat protons. This method can be used to comprehend and characterize the effects of tissue water compartmentation and distribution on muscle T1 values in patients affected by chronic fat infiltration.
GH Secretion in Open-Angle Glaucoma (1979)

Open-angle glaucoma is frequently observed in patients with acromegaly suggesting that the somatotropic hormone might facilitate a condition of glaucoma. The open-angle glaucoma patients studied, displayed higher plasma human growth hormone (HGH) levels than control subjects 60 min (30.3 +/- 1.7 against 16.8 +/- 2.7 ng/ml; p less than 0.001) and 90 min (19.0 +/- 1.9 against 9.3 +/- 1.2 ng/ml; p less than 0.001) after intravenous administration of arginine (25 g in 30 min). The authors support the hypothesis that the increased plasma HGH level may interfere with the regulation of ocular pressure by modifying the flow of aqueous humor from the eyeball via changes in the sclero-corneal trabecular meshwork; these changes are also found in diabetic subjects. The interplay between HGH and changes of carbohydrate metabolism (frequently occurring in glaucomatous patients) may be at the root of the variations of intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma.
Structural analysis of the human hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase gene. Presence of two distinct promoters. (1994)

Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) catalyzes the last step in the metabolic pathway that synthesizes the hormone melatonin. We have found HIOMT mRNA present in small amounts in human retina and in relatively high abundance in the pineal gland. Two distinct 5' ends were found in human retina using a solid-phase 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. The two 5' regions appear to originate from two distinct putative promoters. Although many similarities exist between the two promoters, they contain distinctive elements. Putative promoter A, for example, contains a recently discovered photoreceptor-conserved element (PCE-1, CAATTAAG) at -27 not found in promoter B, while promoter B contains an Ap1 site (ATGAGTCAA) at -166 and an octamer site (ATGCAAT) at -59 not found in promoter A. The HIOMT messages are also alternatively spliced in between exons 6 and 8, generating three distinct messages. One of the alternatively spliced messages contains a line-1 repetitive element that is spliced into the mRNA precisely as exon 6. Importantly, the downstream open reading frame is not altered by any of these splicing combinations. The gene is approximately 35 kilobases long containing either 9 or 10 exons (including the line-1 element) depending on which promoter is active. All of the splice sites follow the GT/AG rule. The dual promoters and opportunities for alternative splicing suggest a variety of mechanisms for control of HIOMT expression and biological activity in different tissues not previously recognized.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation via Domain Adversarial Training for Speaker Recognition (2018)

The i-vector approach to speaker recognition has achieved good performance when the domain of the evaluation dataset is similar to that of the training dataset. However, in realworld applications, there is always a mismatch between the training and evaluation datasets, that leads to performance degradation. To address this problem, this paper proposes to learn the domain-invariant and speaker-discriminative speech representations via domain adversarial training. Specifically, with domain adversarial training method, we use a gradient reversal layer to remove the domain variation and project the different domain data into the same subspace. Moreover, we compare the proposed method with other state-of-the-art unsupervised domain adaptation techniques for i-vector approach to speaker recognition (e.g. autoencoder based domain adaptation, inter dataset variability compensation, dataset-invariant covariance normalization, and so on). Experiments on 2013 domain adaptation challenge (DAC) dataset demonstrate that the proposed method is not only effective in solving the dataset mismatch problem, but also outperforms the compared unsupervised domain adaptation methods.
Quality of service scheduling for UMTS (2003)

The goal of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is the delivery of multimedia services to the mobile user. Each different service requires its specific quality of service (QoS) to satisfy the mobile user. In this paper, a scheduling algorithm for the medium access control (MAC) is presented that satisfies these QoS requirements. The main task of a scheduler is the of logical channels to appropriate transport in accordance to service requirements. Considering packet based services, the traffic characteristic is very dynamic due to its interactive and bursty nature. In consequence, a highly dynamic and flexible scheduling is required since the scarce radio resource should be used most efficient. The paper introduces a scheduler with dynamic channel type switching and transport format (TF) selection in accordance to the service QoS requirements. To validate the scheduling concept a typical mobile user application mix is examined for performance analysis by simulations.
A robust, porous, cationic silver(i) 3,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazolate framework with a uninodal 49.66 netElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details, XPRD patterns, TGA curves and IR spectra. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b4/b404269g/ (2004)

The reactions of silver(i) salts with 3,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazole result in three-dimensional, porous, cationic metal-organic frameworks based on novel 6-connected, trigonal-prismatic, pentanuclear silver-triazolate clusters, interconnected by linear N-Ag-N linkers; this robust water- and organic-insoluble structure exhibits both nonpolar-solvent adsorption and anion-exchange properties.
Compact Braille display using SMA wire array (2009)

A novel micro-vibration actuator using a shape-memory alloy (SMA) wire is being developed for the presentation of tactile sensations to a human skin. In this study, the SMA wire is arranged two dimensionally to construct a compact Braille display for the blind. The display is driven by electric current pulse for mobile use to present Braille information. The display was evaluated in a school for the blind, and the results are presented in the paper.
Gate-self-aligned p-channel germanium MISFETs (1991)

The authors have fabricated the first gate-self-aligned germanium MISFETs and have obtained record transconductance for germanium FETs. The devices fabricated are p-channel, inversion-mode germanium MISFETs. A germanium-oxynitride gate dielectric is used and aluminum gates, serve as the mask for self-aligned source and drain implants. A maximum room-temperature transconductance of 104 mS/mm was measured for a 0.6- mu m gate length. A hole inversion channel mobility of 640 cm/sup 2//V-s was calculated using transconductance and capacitance data from long-channel devices. This large hole channel mobility suggests that germanium may be an attractive candidate for CMOS technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Metrizamide as a Non-Ionic Urographic Agent (1974)

Metrizamide is a new, noniomc, water soluble radiologic contrast agent. Equal iodine doses of metrizamide and the sodium salts of sodium iothalamate and its “dimer” (iocarmate) were given intravenously to dogs. Comparisons of urinary iodine concentrations and outputs indicated that metrizamide does not offer an advantage over iocarmate as a urographic agent
Simple approximate formulas for input resistance, bandwidth, and efficiency of a resonant rectangular patch (1991)

Simple approximate formulas for the input resistance, bandwidth, and radiation efficiency of a resonant rectangular microstrip patch are derived. These formulas become increasingly accurate as the substrate thickness decreases. Because the formulas are derived from approximations of a rigorous Sommerfeld solution, they provide insight into the effect of the substrate parameters on the patch properties, in addition to providing approximate design equations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
De novo design of antibody complementarity determining regions binding a FLAG tetra-peptide (2017)

Computational antibody engineering efforts to date have focused on improving binding affinities or biophysical characteristics. De novo design of antibodies binding specific epitopes could greatly accelerate discovery of therapeutics as compared to conventional immunization or synthetic library selection strategies. Here, we employed de novo complementarity determining region (CDR) design to engineer targeted antibody-antigen interactions using previously described in silico methods. CDRs predicted to bind the minimal FLAG peptide (Asp-Tyr-Lys-Asp) were grafted onto a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) acceptor framework. Fifty scFvs comprised of designed heavy and light or just heavy chain CDRs were synthesized and screened for peptide binding by phage ELISA. Roughly half of the designs resulted in detectable scFv expression. Four antibodies, designed entirely in silico, bound the minimal FLAG sequence with high specificity and sensitivity. When reformatted as soluble antigen-binding fragments (Fab), these clones expressed well, were predominantly monomeric and retained peptide specificity. In both formats, the antibodies bind the peptide only when present at the amino-terminus of a carrier protein and even conservative peptide amino acid substitutions resulted in a complete loss of binding. These results support in silico CDR design of antibody specificity as an emerging antibody engineering strategy.
Pseudo-DHT: Distributed Search Algorithm for P2P Video Streaming (2008)

In this paper, we propose pseudo-DHT, an efficient resource location algorithm in peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming systems. A lookup overlay formed by participating peers provides a foundation for pseudo-DHT's register (key, value) and retrieve (key) services. Using pseudo-DHT, peers register their video contents information (key) with their network identity (value). To reduce retrieval latency, register (ldr) performs the alteration of a given key on a key collision. For retrieve (ldr), a query for a key returns a value associated with the key or a key closest to the key. We apply pseudo-DHT to P2TSS, a P2P system that provides both live and time-shifted streams. In P2TSS, a live video is divided and spread out in peers' buffers. Peers construct a chord overlay that serves as the base of pseudo-DHT. A theoretical analysis is presented to predict the search performance of P2TSS with pseudo-DHT. Extensive simulations show that our pseudo-DHT provides good scalability and low overhead, matching our analysis.
Large-format MWIR focal plane arrays (2003)

Medium wavelength IR arrays have been develoepd which have 1024×768 pixels on a 26 micron pitch. The arrays are made from epitaxially grown indium antimonide, the use of which confers two advantages over conventional InSb owing to the ability to exercise atomic level control of dopants and material thicknesses. Firstly, the photodiodes can be grown on degenerately doped InSb substrates which have a high degree of transparency, so the requirement for the substrate to be thinned is much reduce dleading to simplified manufacture. Secondly, it offers the potential for an increase in operating temperature of many tens of degrees, through elimination of contact leakage currents, though we focus on 80K performance here for comparison with conventional structures. We present initail results form arrays which indicate high operability, despite the need to stitch reticles in the fabrication of the silicon read-out circuit, and temperature sensitivity close to the theoretical limit. Imaging from the arrays compares very favorably with that taken using generation II cameras and gives confidence that this technology offers a cost effective route to large format MWIR systems.
Data do not support routine use of EKGs in young athletes (2007)

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A recent Italian study suggests that routine use of electrocardiograms will reduce the incidence of sudden cardiovascular death in young athletes. Extrapolating these results to the United States, however, is problematic.



Sudden cardiac death in a young competitive athlete
An Improved Autonomous DNA Nanomotor (2007)

DNA nanomotors are synthetic biochemical devices whose motion can be controlled at the molecular scale. Some DNA devices require several exogenous additions of different types of fuel to operate, which limits their potential uses. However, several devices that operate autonomously have recently been described. One such DNA nanomotor, based on a 10-23 DNA enzyme (DNAzyme), was introduced by Chen, Wang, and Mao (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 3554). Although this DNAzyme nanomotor operates autonomously, its performance degrades over time in experiments. In this paper, we describe a mathematical model that predicts this degradation by accounting for the gradual accumulation of waste in the system. We also introduce and experimentally demonstrate two improved versions of the DNAzyme nanomotor. In particular, the new nanomotor systems use the enzyme ribonuclease H to selectively digest waste, resulting in nanomotors whose performance does not degrade significantly over time.
Upgrade of control system for a remotely operated vehicle (2015)

The upgrade of control system for a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) is introduced. By applying only one computer for vehicle control, both reliability and the maintenance have been achieved. Moreover, future functional expansion has been made possible by adopting modular hardware. The control software, which is developed under the graphical user interface development environment of MATALB, provides both a user-friendly interface and real-time control capability by applying event-driven callbacks. Primary tests verify the effectiveness of the control system developed.