gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ewing Sarcoma: Current Management and Future Approaches Through Collaboration (2015)

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive sarcoma of bone and soft tissue occurring at any age with a peak incidence in adolescents and young adults. The treatment of ES relies on a multidisciplinary approach, coupling risk-adapted intensive neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies with surgery and/or radiotherapy for control of the primary site and possible metastatic disease. The optimization of ES multimodality therapeutic strategies has resulted from the efforts of several national and international groups in Europe and North America and from cooperation between pediatric and medical oncologists. Successive first-line trials addressed the efficacy of various cyclic combinations of drugs incorporating doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etoposide, and dactinomycin and identified prognostic factors now used to tailor therapies. The role of high-dose chemotherapy is still debated. Current 5-year overall survival for patients with localized disease is 65% to 75%. Patients with metastases have a 5-year overall survival < 30%, except for those with isolated pulmonary metastasis (approximately 50%). Patients with recurrence have a dismal prognosis. The many insights into the biology of the EWS-FLI1 protein in the initiation and progression of ES remain to be translated into novel therapeutic strategies. Current options and future approaches will be discussed.
Electrochemical Capacitance of Nanocomposite Films Formed by Coating Aligned Arrays of Carbon Nanotubes with Polypyrrole (2002)

Aligned MWNT–PPy composite films show exceptional charge storage capacities and improved response times. The superior performance of these composites, compared to pure PPy films, is demonstrated and discussed. The Figure shows an SEM image of the fractured film cross section, illustrating the thickness of the PPy coating as well as the channels available to the electrolyte.
Degraded word recognition based on segmental signal-to-noise ratio weighting (2002)

Distance measures robust against noise disturbances are required for reliable recognition of noisy speech. The local signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of degraded speech varies in a wide range and the characteristics of speech with low SNR tend to be lost. Pattern matching, however, is performed uniformly without taking the local SNR of each analysis frame into account. The behavior of representative LPC distance measures versus segmental SNR is investigated, which shows the necessity of accounting for the effect of the segmental SNR on the distance measure. A double autocorrelation analysis is proposed as a spectrum estimation method. A pattern matching method is also introduced in which the segmental SNR is taken into account as a weight. Experiments of isolated word recognition were performed. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of Crystallization in PLA during Solid-State Foaming Process using Sub-Critical CO<sub>2</sub> (2012)

Crystallinity of PLA is an important factor that affects its processability, mechanical strength, biodegradability, and service temperature. In this paper crystallization of PLA in solid state foaming process was studied in two main aspects: gas sorption in saturation stage, and heating as well as stretching in foaming stage. During CO 2 saturation the equilibrium crystallinity jumped from 9.7% at 2 MPa to 26.4% at 3 MPa CO 2 pressure. Further increases in saturation pressure did not increase the crystallinity. In the gas sorption stage of the process, it was found that the crystallization reached equilibrium at approximately the same time as the gas sorption reached equilibrium. Within the range of 2 to 5 MPa saturation pressures and 60 to 100°C foaming temperatures, a maximum crystallinity of 26.8% was observed in the foamed PLA. Crystallinity increased with the extent of cell-wall stretching during the foaming process.
An hybrid AES-256-GCM implementation for NEON CPU & CUDA GPU (2014)

This paper is a work-in-progress. This paper describes & evaluates a fast, hybrid implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard with 256 bit keys (AES-256) block encryption in Galois/Counter Mode (GCM). The implementation is bit-compatible with the implemented standard in both the OpenSSL and Crypto++ libraries, while significantly (up to three times) faster for large amount of data. In this implementation, a fast AES encryption function written in CUDA is combined with a fast GCM hash function written in ARM NEON intrinsics. The two are combined to execute as asynchronously as possible to maximize throughput. The full code and latest version of this paper are available from http://www.dolbeau.name/dolbeau/crypto/. Revision 1.52, 2014/11/05 07:37:59
The fault character of the motors identified based wavelet transform (2004)

Based on the contrasting of the basic characteristics wavelet transform, this paper studies the method about getting the fault information by the singularity of the signals identified by wavelet, and the simulation from the computer for the fault signal model of the motors proves that the wavelet transform cannot only separate noise from the useful signal effectively, but also reflect the character and the time when the fault appears.
A stromal protein factor maintains the solubility and insertion competence of an imported thylakoid membrane protein. (1991)

The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) is an approximately 25,000-D thylakoid membrane protein. LHCP is synthesized in the cytosol as a precursor and must translocate across the chloroplast envelope before becoming integrally associated with the thylakoid bilayer. Previous studies demonstrated that imported LHCP traverses the chloroplast stroma as a soluble intermediate before thylakoid insertion. Here, examination of this intermediate revealed that it is a stable, discrete approximately 120,000-D species and thus either an LHCP oligomer or a complex with another component. In vitro-synthesized LHCP can be converted to a similar form by incubation with a stromal extract. The stromal component responsible for this conversion is proteinaceous as evidenced by its inactivation by heat, protease, and NEM. Furthermore, the conversion activity coelutes from a gel filtration column with a stromal protein factor(s) previously shown to be necessary for LHCP integration into isolated thylakoids. Conversion of LHCP to the 120-kD form prevents aggregation and maintains its competence for thylakoid insertion. However, conversion to this form is apparently not sufficient for membrane insertion because the isolated 120-kD LHCP still requires stroma to complete the integration process. This suggests a need for at least one more stroma-mediated reaction. Our results explain how a hydrophobic thylakoid protein remains soluble as it traverses the aqueous stroma. Moreover, they describe in part the function of the stromal requirement for insertion into the thylakoid membrane.
Alcohol and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (2013)

Background The frequent co-abuse of alcohol and tobacco may suggest that they share some common neurological mechanisms. For example, nicotine acts on Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain to release dopamine to sustain addiction. Might nAChRs be entwined with alcohol? Objectives This review summarizes recent studies on the relationship between alcohol and nAChRs, including the role of nAChRs in molecular biological studies, genetic studies and pharmacological studies on alcohol, which indicate that nAChRs have been potently modulated by alcohol. Methods We performed a cross-referenced literature search on biological, genetic and pharmacological studies of alcohol and nAChRs. Results Molecular biological and genetic studies indicated that nAChR (genes) may be important in mediating alcohol intake, but we still lack substantial evidence about how it works. Pharmacological studies proved the correlation between nAChRs and alcohol intake, and the association between nicotine and alcohol at the nAChRs. The positive findings of varenicline (a partial agonist at the _4_2 nAChR, smoking-cessation pharmaceutical) treatment for alcoholism, provides a new insight for treating co-abuse of these two substances. >Conclusions Molecular biological, genetic and pharmacological studies of alcohol at the nAChR level, provide a new sight for preventing and treating the co-abuse of alcohol and nicotine. Given the important role of nAChRs in nicotine dependence, the interaction between alcohol and nAChRs would provide a new insight in finding effective pharmacological treatments, in decreasing or stopping alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking concurrently.
Hypothesis: Could Excessive Fructose Intake and Uric Acid Cause Type 2 Diabetes? (2009)

We propose that excessive fructose intake (>50 g/d) may be one of the underlying etiologies of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The primary sources of fructose are sugar (sucrose) and high fructose corn syrup. First, fructose intake correlates closely with the rate of diabetes worldwide. Second, unlike other sugars, the ingestion of excessive fructose induces features of metabolic syndrome in both laboratory animals and humans. Third, fructose appears to mediate the metabolic syndrome in part by raising uric acid, and there are now extensive experimental and clinical data supporting uric acid in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Fourth, environmental and genetic considerations provide a potential explanation of why certain groups might be more susceptible to developing diabetes. Finally, we discuss the counterarguments associated with the hypothesis and a potential explanation for these findings. If diabetes might result from excessive intake of fructose, then simple public health measures could have a major impact on improving the overall health of our populace.
Effectiveness and safety of vaginal suppositories for the treatment of the vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: an open, non-controlled clinical trial. (2009)

Menopause, due to the physiological decrease in the estrogens levels, is often associated with many symptoms related to vaginal atrophy such vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, burning, itching, decreasing in libido and therefore a worsening of the quality of life and in particular of the sexual activity. There are many pharmacological remedies to solve these events, first of all hormone replacement therapy (HRT) that up to the 90s was the therapy of choice for the care of the menopause symptoms. This hormonal therapy, however, has been re-considered due to its side effects. As alternative, a clinical trial has been performed to investigate the efficacy and safety, in postmenopausal women with urogenital atrophy, of the use of suppositories for vaginal use, containing hyaluronic acid, vitamin E and vitamin A. The trial, according to a open, non-controlled design, was performed on 150 postmenopausal women, 1 vaginal suppository per day, for the first 14 days and then a vaginal suppository, day in and day out, for other 14 days. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of vaginal dryness assessed by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) both by the investigator and the patient. The secondary endpoints were the evaluation of all the other symptoms and signs associated with the vaginal atrophy (itching, burning, dyspareunia, vaginal inflammation or swelling, irritation, assessed by a 4-point scale, presence of vaginal abrasions and irritation), and the recording of the adverse events occurring during the trial. The patients have not reported adverse effects during the treatment, and the results in terms of effectiveness on the vaginal atrophy symptoms were markedly positive. A high level of compliance was registered. The product tested can therefore be considered a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of vaginal atrophy symptoms in postmenopausal women, especially when HRT is not recommended.
Artificial lift – electrical submerged pump, best practice and future demands within subsea applications (2010)

One form for artificial lift that has been used for decades is Electric Submersible Pumps\n(ESP). Since the birth of ESP in 1926 has the technology evolved slowly and ESP used today\nhas a lot of similarities with the original system. Operators are utilizing ESP in more and\nmore challenging reservoirs with respect to temperature, viscosity, GOR, etc. This is a major\nchallenge for ESP run life, so it is necessary to improve the existing technology to gain profit\nfrom producing oil with ESP.\nThis report includes recommendations for ESP design and surveillance for the Peregrino field.\nThese proposals are based on a survey of ESP failures conducted in the database ESP-RIFTS.\nThe proposed ESP design includes; use of compression pumps with tandem seals, upgraded\ntechnical specifications with concern to materials, and utilization of proximity probes for\nvibration measurement. In addition is a LCC analysis performed, that identified work-over\ncosts as the most critical cost drivers for Peregrino.
Membrane-active Antimicrobial Peptides as Template Structures for Novel Antibiotic Agents (2016)

The increase of pathogens being resistant to antibiotics represents a global health problem and thus, there is an urgent need for the development of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action. Host defense peptides, which have direct antimicrobial activity (also termed antimicrobial peptides) or immune modulating activity, are valuable template structures for the development of such compounds. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit remarkably different structures as well as biological activity profiles with multiple targets. A large fraction of these peptides interfere physically with the cell membrane of bacteria (focus of this review), but can also translocate into the cytosol, where they interact with nucleic acids, ribosomes and proteins. Several potential interaction sites have to be considered on the route of the peptides from the environment to the cytoplasmic membrane. Translocation of peptides through the cell wall may not be impaired by the thick but relatively porous peptidoglycan layer. However, interaction with lipopolysaccharides of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and (lipo)teichoic acids of Gram-positive bacteria may reduce the effective concentration at the cytoplasmic membrane, where supposedly the killing event takes place. On a molecular level several mechanisms are discussed, which are important for the rational design of improved antimicrobial compounds: toroidal pore formation, carpet model (coverage of membrane surface by peptides), interfacial activity, void formation, clustering of lipids and effects of membrane curvature. In summary, many of these models just represent special cases that can be interrelated to each other and depend on the nature of lipids and peptides.
Improving efficiency of organic photovoltaic cells with pentacene-doped CuPc layer (2007)

We have fabricated efficient heterojunction organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells based on pentacene-doped copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) layer as donor and fullerene (C60) layer as acceptor. The power conversion efficiency of 4% pentacene-doped CuPc∕C60 OPV cell (3.06%) is increased by 77% compared with that of the standard CuPc∕C60 OPV cell (1.73%). The efficiency improvement can be attributed to the higher carrier mobility instead of the stronger photon absorption of the pentacene-doped CuPc layer.
His or para-His pacing preserves left ventricular function in atrioventricular block: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study (2014)

His or para-His pacing preserves LVEF and mechanical synchrony as compared with RVSP after 12 months pacing in patients with AVB, narrow QRS, and LVEF > 0.40.
Stable Isotope Relations in the Characterization of Giant Complex Reservoirs (2003)

Abstract Molecular and isotopic compositions of natural gas have been recognized asuseful tools in the evaluation of reservoir continuity and reservoir productionmonitoring. It has been established that similar isotopic compositions reflectreservoir continuity, while differences in these parameters can indicatediscontinuities in the reservoir. Furthermore, stable isotopic composition isless affected by sampling and producing processes than chemical composition.This technique was applied in the Santa Barbara field, one of the largest gascondensate fields in Venezuela. The isotopic ratio 13C/ 12C, geochemical analyses,pressure tests, conventional fluid analysis and numerical simulation, wereintegrated in a reservoir study to determine areal communication betweendifferent fault blocks. The isotopes relationship 13C/12C was established forfour components (ethane, propane, n-butane and iso-butane) to define andcompare isotopic profiles of each sample from the selected wells. The gas formation isotopic analysis provided very useful information on thesealing character of the faults, thus contributing to a better compartmentdefinition, necessary to locate injector wells, and establish exploitationschemes based on gas injection with partial pressure maintenance.
Chassis organism from <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> – a top‐down approach to identify and delete irrelevant gene clusters (2014)

For synthetic biology applications, a robust structural basis is required, which can be constructed either from scratch or in a top-down approach starting from any existing organism. In this study, we initiated the top-down construction of a chassis organism from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, aiming for the relevant gene set to maintain its fast growth on defined medium. We evaluated each native gene for its essentiality considering expression levels, phylogenetic conservation, and knockout data. Based on this classification, we determined 41 gene clusters ranging from 3.7 to 49.7 kbp as target sites for deletion. 36 deletions were successful and 10 genome-reduced strains showed impaired growth rates, indicating that genes were hit, which are relevant to maintain biological fitness at wild-type level. In contrast, 26 deleted clusters were found to include exclusively irrelevant genes for growth on defined medium. A combinatory deletion of all irrelevant gene clusters would, in a prophage-free strain, decrease the size of the native genome by about 722 kbp (22%) to 2561 kbp. Finally, five combinatory deletions of irrelevant gene clusters were investigated. The study introduces the novel concept of relevant genes and demonstrates general strategies to construct a chassis suitable for biotechnological application.
Epidemiology of Invasive Group A<i>Streptococcus</i>Disease in the United States, 1995–1999 (2002)

Severe invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) disease is believed to have reemerged during the past 10-20 years. We conducted active, laboratory, population-based surveillance in 5 US states (total population, 13,214,992). From 1 July 1995 through 31 December 1999, we identified 2002 episodes of invasive GAS (3.5 cases per 100,000 persons). Rates varied by age (higher among those <2 or >/=65 years old), surveillance area, and race (higher among black individuals) but did not increase during the study period. The 5 most common emm types (1, 28, 12, 3, and 11) accounted for 49.2% of isolates; newly characterized emm types accounted for 8.9% of isolates. Older age; presence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, meningitis, or pneumonia; and infection with emm1 or emm3 were all independent predictors of death. We estimate that 9600-9700 cases of invasive GAS disease occur in the United States each year, resulting in 1100-1300 deaths.
Motion effects in (intensity modulated) radiation therapy: a review (2006)

During a course of fractionated radiation therapy and between the fractions the tissues of the human body may move relative to some reference location in which the radiation therapy was planned. This has been known for over a century and simple 'coping mechanisms' (margins) have been used to approximately compensate. Since the introduction of highly accurate conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) attention has focused strongly in the last few years on understanding and compensating more appropriately for these motions. Thus, unlike most of the reviews in this special 50th anniversary issue which look back over decades of development, this one looks back at most within just the past decade and reviews the current situation. There is still much more work to be done and many of the techniques reviewed are themselves not yet implemented widely in the clinic.
Latent Relation Language Models (2019)

In this paper, we propose Latent Relation Language Models (LRLMs), a class of language models that parameterizes the joint distribution over the words in a document and the entities that occur therein via knowledge graph relations. This model has a number of attractive properties: it not only improves language modeling performance, but is also able to annotate the posterior probability of entity spans for a given text through relations. Experiments demonstrate empirical improvements over both a word-based baseline language model and a previous approach that incorporates knowledge graph information. Qualitative analysis further demonstrates the proposed model's ability to learn to predict appropriate relations in context.
Features of the control of array-type liquid-crystal memory displays (2001)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text V. L. Aristov, M. V. Mitrokhin, V. P. Sevostyanov, and M. G. Tomilin, "Features of the control of array-type liquid-crystal memory displays," J. Opt. Technol. 68, 660- (2001) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Report on the 1998 ACLAM Forum (1999)

(1999). Report on the 1998 ACLAM Forum. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science: Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 161-163.
Vehicle Noise Legislation: A Paradox of Perplexities (1956)

First Page
A Constrained<i>ℓ</i><sub>1</sub>Minimization Approach to Sparse Precision Matrix Estimation (2011)

This article proposes a constrained ℓ1 minimization method for estimating a sparse inverse covariance matrix based on a sample of n iid p-variate random variables. The resulting estimator is shown to have a number of desirable properties. In particular, the rate of convergence between the estimator and the true s-sparse precision matrix under the spectral norm is when the population distribution has either exponential-type tails or polynomial-type tails. We present convergence rates under the elementwise ℓ∞ norm and Frobenius norm. In addition, we consider graphical model selection. The procedure is easily implemented by linear programming. Numerical performance of the estimator is investigated using both simulated and real data. In particular, the procedure is applied to analyze a breast cancer dataset and is found to perform favorably compared with existing methods.
Authentication of the Origin of Vanillin Using Quantitative Natural Abundance <sup>13</sup>C NMR (2004)

The use of 13C isotopic distribution as an efficient means to determine the origin of vanillin has been substantiated. Using quantitative 13C NMR, the 13C/12C ratios at all eight carbon positions can be exploited. On a set of 21 samples of vanillin from five different origins, complete discrimination can be achieved. It is shown that, for many purposes, a rapid analysis in which only five sites are used is sufficient. However, improved discrimination using all eight sites is preferable to differentiate between different methods of production from natural ferulic acid or between natural and lignin-derived vanillin on the basis of the 13C/12C ratios characteristic of different origins. The C1 and C8 positions are demonstrated to be the most significant sites for discrimination using principle component analysis. However, aromatic carbon positions make an essential contribution, notably in differentiating between natural and lignin-derived vanillin.