gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of plasma factor XIII binding to fibrin in vitro (1985)

The binding of plasma factor XIII to fibrinogen or fibrin that has been chemically or enzymatically induced to polymerize was studied. Factor XIII binding was assayed using a 3H-putrescine incorporation assay and an 125I-plasma factor XIII binding assay. More than 80% of the native and radiolabeled plasma factor XIII was bound to fibrin I formed by reptilase in EDTA, citrate, or heparin anticoagulated plasma. Plasma factor XIII and 125I-factor XIII was bound (89.6% to 92.5%) to fibrin II formed by thrombin in either citrate or EDTA anticoagulated plasma. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of 125I-plasma factor XIII bound to fibrin I or fibrin II formed by reptilase or thrombin in the presence of EDTA demonstrated the b2- subunit remained bound to the a-chains or thrombin-cleaved a-chains. In the presence of calcium chloride and thrombin, the b2-subunit dissociated and factor XIIIa was bound. Protamine sulfate caused fibrinogen polymerization in the absence of divalent cations and reduced both plasma factor XIII and immunologic fibrinogen levels. Fibrinogen polymerized by protamine sulfate bound plasma factor XIII and the a2-subunit of 125I-platelet factor XIII. Plasma factor XIII was also bound to sonicated non-cross-linked fibrin II in either normal plasma or afibrinogenemic plasma. Plasma levels of several coagulation proteins were unchanged after the addition of reptilase, protamine sulfate, or sonicated fibrin to plasma. These results demonstrate that a specific binding site for the a2-subunit of plasma factor XIII is present on polymerized fibrinogen, fibrin I, and fibrin II. Furthermore, the presence of divalent cations, thrombin-cleavage of plasma factor XIII, and release of fibrinopeptides A or B are not required for plasma factor XIII binding to polymerized fibrinogen and fibrin.
Practical, catalytic synthesis of anthranilic acids (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPractical, catalytic synthesis of anthranilic acidsDonald Valentine Jr., Jefferson W. Tilley, and Ronald A. LeMahieuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 22, 4614–4617Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00335a075https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00335a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views646Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
UWB single arm spiral antenna on an EBG substrate (2007)

Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures exhibit unique electromagnetic properties that have led to a wide range of applications in electromagnetic devices. In this study, electromagnetic bandgap structures are utilized to enhance the bandwidth of a low-profile one-arm Archimedean spiral antenna built on a thin substrate and backed by a ground plane. It is well known that placing a ground plane (a perfect electric conductor) closely behind a spiral antenna to make the radiation unidirectional severely limits the antenna bandwidth. In order to mitigate the ground plane effect, thus, significantly increasing the bandwidth, electromagnetic bandgap structures are employed. Specifically, the one-arm spiral is placed over an EBG surface which in turn is backed by a ground plane. The EBG surface investigated for this antenna utilizes a periodic structure of rectangular patches. The EBG surface behaves as artificial magnetic conductor in the frequency band of operation. The novel antenna configuration is investigated theoretically using Ansoft Designer which uses a full-wave method of moments solver. Parametric study to understand the effect of geometrical and substrate parameters on antenna performance is carried out. It is shown that the novel antenna design with the EBG surface significantly improves the antenna bandwidth. The design details along with simulation and experimental results will be presented.
A scene change detection algorithm for MPEG compressed video sequences (2002)

Video is an important and challenging medium and requires sophisticated indexing schemes for efficient retrieval from visual databases. An important step in video indexing is scene change detection. Recently, several scene change detection algorithms in the pixel and compressed (MPEG-2) domains have been reported in the literature. These algorithms are computationally complex and are not very robust in detecting gradual scene changes. The authors propose an efficient technique for detecting scene changes in the MPEG-2 compressed domain. The proposed algorithm has the advantage of fast scene change detection. In addition, this algorithm has the potential to detect gradual scene changes.
Reference databases for taxonomic assignment in metagenomics (2012)

Metagenomics is providing an unprecedented access to the environmental microbial diversity. The amplicon-based metagenomics approach involves the PCR-targeted sequencing of a genetic locus fitting different features. Namely, it must be ubiquitous in the taxonomic range of interest, variable enough to discriminate between different species but flanked by highly conserved sequences, and of suitable size to be sequenced through next-generation platforms. The internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA operon and one or more hyper-variable regions of 16S ribosomal RNA gene are typically used to identify fungal and bacterial species, respectively. In this context, reliable reference databases and taxonomies are crucial to assign amplicon sequence reads to the correct phylogenetic ranks. Several resources provide consistent phylogenetic classification of publicly available 16S ribosomal DNA sequences, whereas the state of ribosomal internal transcribed spacers reference databases is notably less advanced. In this review, we aim to give an overview of existing reference resources for both types of markers, highlighting strengths and possible shortcomings of their use for metagenomics purposes. Moreover, we present a new database, ITSoneDB, of well annotated and phylogenetically classified ITS1 sequences to be used as a reference collection in metagenomic studies of environmental fungal communities. ITSoneDB is available for download and browsing at http://itsonedb.ba.itb.cnr.it/.
Direct Sun‐Driven Artificial Heliotropism for Solar Energy Harvesting Based on a Photo‐Thermomechanical Liquid‐Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposite (2012)

Abstract Inspired by heliotropism in nature, artificial heliotropic devices that can follow the sun for increased light interception are realized. The mechanism of the artificial heliotropism is realized via direct actuation by the sunlight, eliminating the need for additional mechatronic components and resultant energy consumption. For this purpose, a novel reversible photo‐thermomechanical liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) nanocomposite is developed that can be directly driven by natural sunlight and possesses strong actuation capability. Using the LCE nanocomposite actuators, the artificial heliotropic devices show full‐range heliotropism in both laboratory and in‐field tests. As a result, significant increase in the photocurrent output from the solar cells in the artificial heliotropic devices is observed.
Highly Specific Contractions of a Single CAG/CTG Trinucleotide Repeat by TALEN in Yeast (2014)

Trinucleotide repeat expansions are responsible for more than two dozens severe neurological disorders in humans. A double-strand break between two short CAG/CTG trinucleotide repeats was formerly shown to induce a high frequency of repeat contractions in yeast. Here, using a dedicated TALEN, we show that induction of a double-strand break into a CAG/CTG trinucleotide repeat in heterozygous yeast diploid cells results in gene conversion of the repeat tract with near 100% efficacy, deleting the repeat tract. Induction of the same TALEN in homozygous yeast diploids leads to contractions of both repeats to a final length of 3-13 triplets, with 100% efficacy in cells that survived the double-strand breaks. Whole-genome sequencing of surviving yeast cells shows that the TALEN does not increase mutation rate. No other CAG/CTG repeat of the yeast genome showed any length alteration or mutation. No large genomic rearrangement such as aneuploidy, segmental duplication or translocation was detected. It is the first demonstration that induction of a TALEN in an eukaryotic cell leads to shortening of trinucleotide repeat tracts to lengths below pathological thresholds in humans, with 100% efficacy and very high specificity.
High Mobility Nano-Scaled CMOS: Some Opportunities and Challenges (2006)

The scaling of some today's high mobility MOSFETs solutions was discussed. The enhancement (between 10-25% for sub-40nm devices) is often lower than the natural mobility decrease due to high short-channel doping (for bulk) or border S/D effects (on SOI). Further understanding of the short channel scattering effects is necessary to engineer next generation high mobility channels
The Importance of Correct Protein Concentration for Kinetics and Affinity Determination in Structure-function Analysis (2010)

In this study, we explore the interaction between the bovine cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin B and a catalytically inactive form of papain (Fig. 1), a plant cysteine protease, by real-time label-free analysis using Biacore X100. Several cystatin B variants with point mutations in areas of interaction with papain, are produced. For each cystatin B variant we determine its specific binding concentration using calibration-free concentration analysis (CFCA) and compare the values obtained with total protein concentration as determined by A(280). After that, the kinetics of each cystatin B variant binding to papain is measured using single-cycle kinetics (SCK). We show that one of the four cystatin B variants we examine is only partially active for binding. This partial activity, revealed by CFCA, translates to a significant difference in the association rate constant (k(a)) and affinity (K(D)), compared to the values calculated using total protein concentration. Using CFCA in combination with kinetic analysis in a structure-function study contributes to obtaining reliable results, and helps to make the right interpretation of the interaction mechanism.
Low-complexity video compression and compressive sensing (2013)

Compressive sensing (CS) provides a general signal acquisition framework that enables the reconstruction of sparse signals from a small number of linear measurements. To reduce video-encoder complexity, we present a CS-based video compression scheme. Modern video-encoder complexity arises mainly from the transform-coding and motion-estimation blocks. In our proposed scheme, we eliminate these blocks from the encoder, which achieves compression by merely taking a few linear measurements of each image in a video sequence. To guarantee stable reconstruction of the video sequence from only a few measurements, the decoder must effectively exploit the inherent spatial and temporal redundancies in a video sequence. To leverage these redundancies, we consider a motion-adaptive linear dynamical model for videos. Recovery process involves solving an l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -regularized optimization problem, which iteratively updates estimates for the video frames and motion within adjacent frames. To evaluate the performance of our proposed scheme we performed experiments on various standard test sequences.
Preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2009)

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and the American Thoracic and European Respiratory Societies boldly define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a ‘preventable’...
Catch-Disperse-Release Readout for Superconducting Qubits (2013)

We analyze a single-shot readout for superconducting qubits via the controlled catch, dispersion, and release of a microwave field. A tunable coupler is used to decouple the microwave resonator from the transmission line during the dispersive qubit-resonator interaction, thus circumventing damping from the Purcell effect. We show that, if the qubit frequency tuning is sufficiently adiabatic, a fast high-fidelity qubit readout is possible, even in the strongly nonlinear dispersive regime. Interestingly, the Jaynes-Cummings nonlinearity leads to the quadrature squeezing of the resonator field below the standard quantum limit, resulting in a significant decrease of the measurement error.
Geodetic number of random graphs of diameter 2. (2002)

The ability to harness charges and spins for control of organic excitonic states is critical in developing high-performance organic luminophores and optoelectronic devices. Here we report a facile strategy to efficiently manipulate the electronic energy states of various organic phosphors by coupling them with inorganic lanthanide nanocrystals. We show that the metallic atoms exposed on the nanocrystal surface can introduce strong coupling effects to 9-(4-ethoxy-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole (OCzT) and some organic chromophores with carbazole functional groups when the organics are approaching the nanocrystals. This unconventional organic-inorganic hybridization enables a nearly 100 % conversion of the singlet excitation to fast charge transfer luminescence that does not exist in pristine organics, which broadens the utility of organic phosphors in hybrid systems.
Using natural language processing in order to create SQL queries (2008)

Using query language for dealing with databases is always a professional and complex problem. This complexity causes the userpsilas usage of data existing in database limits to use definite reports there are in some pre implemented softwares. However, you can create this opportunity that each none professional user transfers his questions and requirements to computer in natural language and derives his desired data by natural language processing. In this paper we represent a method for building a ldquonatural languages interfaces to data basesrdquo (NLIDB) system. This system prepares an ldquoexpert systemrdquo implemented in prolog which it can identify synonymous words in any language. It first parses the input sentences, and then the natural language expressions are transformed to SQL language.
Removal of sparingly soluble organic chemicals from aqueous solutions with surfactant-coated ferrihydrite (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRemoval of sparingly soluble organic chemicals from aqueous solutions with surfactant-coated ferrihydriteThomas M. Holsen, Elaine Ruth Taylor, Yong Chan Seo, and Paul R. AndersonCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1991, 25, 9, 1585–1589Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00021a009https://doi.org/10.1021/es00021a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct tension tests on notched and un-notched plain concrete specimens (1993)

Direct tension tests were conducted on plain concrete specimens in a stiff loading frame which allowed complete stress-deformation relations to be obtained. The suitability of the specimen shape and the testing apparatus was verified by finite-element analysis. The behaviours of notched and un-notched specimens with different water-cement ratios were examined and compared. Piecewise linear and exponential stress-deformation relations are proposed and interpreted physically. Relationships between fracture parameters fracture energy and brittleness indices) and basic strength properties are also presented.
Comparison Between Sheep and Human Cervical Spines (2001)

Although several differences were found between human and sheep cervical spines, the small intergroup standard deviations and the good comparability with the human spine encourage the use of the sheep cervical spine as a model for cervical spine research. On the basis of the quantitative data obtained in this study, the sheep motion segment C3-C4 seemed to be the most reliable model for the corresponding human motion segment.
Fully Coherent Self- Homodyne Bi-directional Enhanced Performance PON (2014)

We present a coherent-PON employing partial overlap of downstream/upstream Nyquist spectra, allowing bi-directional operation and enhanced spectral efficiency (2×120Gb/s@50GHz). Additionally, frequency shifting of Nyquist bands from the carrier allowed reduced RBS and dynamic SRS.
Effects of electron acceptors and radical scavengers on nonchain radical nucleophilic substitution reactions (1993)

The yields of reaction products from thermal nucleophilic substitution reactions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of six o- and p-nitrohalobenzenes (1) with the sodium salt of ethyl alpha-cyanoacetate carbanion [Na+-CH(CN)CO2Et) (2) were found to be markedly diminished by addition of small amounts of strong electron acceptors (p-dinitrobenzene, m-dinitrobenzene, and o-dinitrobenzene) (Table II), but little or no diminished effects on the yields of reaction products were observed by addition of radical scavengers (such as galvinoxyl, nitroxyl, etc.) (Table III). The results are consistent with the conclusion that these reactions proceed via a nonchain radical nucleophilic substitution mechanism.
Antimicrobial peptides: A natural alternative to chemical antibiotics and a potential for applied biotechnology (2003)

A large group of low molecular weight natural compounds that exhibit antimicrobial activity has been isolated from animals and plants during the past two decades. Among them, cationic peptides are the most widespread. Interestingly, the variety and diversity of these peptides seem to be much wider than suspected. In fact, novel classes of peptides with varying chemical propertiescontinue to be isolated from different vertebrate and invertebrate species, as well as from bacteria. To the early characterized peptides, mostly cationic in nature, anionic peptides, aromatic dipeptides, processed forms of oxygen-binding proteins and processed forms of natural structural and functional proteins can now be added, just to name a few. In spite of the astonishing diversity in structure and chemical nature displayed by these molecules, all of them present antimicrobial activity, a condition that has led researchers to consider them as "natural antibiotics" and as such a new and innovative alternative to chemical antibiotics with a promising future as biotechnological tools. A resulting new generation of anti microbial peptides (AMPs) with higher specific activity and wider microbe-range of action could be constructed, and hopefully endogenously expressed in genetically-modified organisms.
Alkali Reductive Roasting of Ilmenite Ore (1996)

Reductive roasting of ilmenite ore by carbon in the presence of sodium carbonate was carried out at 1000–1200°C for periods of up to 180 min. Additions of sodium carbonate of up to 30 wt% of the ore enhanced the reduction efficiency. The maximum metallization obtained at 1200°C was about 85%, and the rest of the iron exists in the form of sodium-iron-titanates. The type of sodium compound formed in the final product depends on the roasting temperature. The reduction rate data under isothermal conditions were represented by a phase-boundary reaction model for conversions of up to 70 wt%. The apparent activation energy obtained is about 67 kJ /mol. Magnetic separation of roasted products gave different magnetic fractions having different Fe/TiO2 ratios (ranging from 2–3) as well as a non-magnetic fraction that was low in iron and suitable for titanium dioxide production. Résumé Le grillage réductif du minerai d'ilménite par le carbone, en présence du carbonate de sodium, a été conduit à 1000–1200°C pour des périodes allant jusqu'à 180min. Des additions de carbonate de sodium allant jusqu'à 30% en poids du minerai ont amélioré l'efficacité de la réduction. La métallisation maximum obtenue à 1200°C était d'environ 85% alors que le reste du fer avait la forme de sodium-fer-titanates. Le type de composé de sodium formé dans le produit final dépend de la température de grillage. Les données du taux de réduction en conditions isothermales ont été représentées par un modèle de réaction de phaselimite pour des conversions jusqu'à 70% en poids. L'activation d'energie apparente obtenue est d'environ 67 kJ/mol. La séparation magnétique des produits grillés a donné des fractions magnétiques différentes ayant différents rapports de Fe/TiO2 (entre 2–3) ainsi qu'une fraction non-magnétique qui était faible en fer et propice à la production du bioxide de titane.
Synthesis of the C<sub>26</sub>−C<sub>32</sub> Oxazole Fragment of Calyculin C:  A Test Case for Oxazole Syntheses (1998)

The synthesis of the C(26)-C(32) oxazole fragment 4 and its C(32) epimer 20 of serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP1 and PP2A inhibitor calyculin C is presented. The syn methyl arrangement in 4 was established through cyclic stereocontrol. Several methods for oxidizing the intermediate oxazolines 18 and 19 to the finished oxazole fragments were explored. The best results were obtained with oxidations proceeding through the corresponding ester enolate when the carbamate NH side chain was temporarily protected with a TMS group, or with CuBr(2)/DBU/HMTA-based oxidations. The finished oxazole fragment 4 was obtained in 21% overall yield, starting from Boc-D-alaninal.
Coplanar waveguide-fed uniplanar bow-tie antenna (1997)

The design of coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed bow-tie antenna for the 2.4-GHz ISM band is described. A coplanar waveguide-to-coplanar strips (CPW-to-CPS) balun is used to obtain the balanced feed line for the printed bow-tie. An analysis method based on the mixed potential integral equation method is used to characterize the input characteristics of the bow-tie antenna. The numerical results obtained are in good agreement with the experimental data. Through experiments with bow-tie antennas of various extended angles, the bow-tie antenna with a 90/spl deg/ extended angle exhibits the widest bandwidth in the desired frequency band which has a bandwidth of 17% for a VSWR <1.5:1.