gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Creation of 3D Human Avatar using Kinect (2012)

 Abstract— While the number of web and desktop 3D applications continue to increase, users would like to create their own 3D avatars which will look exactly like them. The Kinect(1) can help to users to reach this goal; after scanning human by Kinect's depth and RGB cameras it is possible to create almost the same 3D model including human faces and hairstyles that can be used for several algorithm in education, medicine, conferences, game industry, 3D social networks, etc.
Spatial distributions of trapping centers in HfO2∕SiO2 gate stacks (2006)

A methodology to analyze charge pumping (CP) data, which allows positions of probing traps in the dielectric to be identified, was applied to extract the spatial profile of traps in SiO2∕HfO2 gate stacks. The results suggest that traps accessible by CP measurements in a wide frequency range, down to few kilohertz, are located within or near the interfacial SiO2 layer rather than in the bulk of the high-k film.
Field test of the cryogenic drilling method for environmental well installation (1995)

A new method for drilling boreholes in difficult ground has been investigated. It consists of using low temperature gas as the drilling fluid with the objective of freezing the borehole wall as drilling proceeds. The method helps to stabilize the hole wall while drilling in loose sandy soils, and to prevent cuttings sticking to the drilling assembly when drilling in clay. The technique is particularly applicable to the drilling of shallow holes for environmental monitoring and restoration because no additional potential pollutants are introduced into the hole while drilling, and the movement of existing pollutants in the region of the borehole is much reduced. In this paper, the authors report the results of early field tests of the technique, in which shallow boreholes were drilled by conventional water well drilling equipment using nitrogen supplied by a truck-mounted liquid/gaseous nitrogen pumping unit. Sand, clay, and hard rock formations were drilled without difficulty. Some modifications were required to allow the water well drilling rig to operate successfully with the low temperature gas stream, but the conversion and de-conversion operations took only a few hours.
Infusion of sodium sulfide improves myocardial and endothelial function in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass (2007)

Hydrogen sulfide is produced endogenously by a variety of enzymes involved in cysteine metabolism. Clinical data indicate that endogenous levels of hydrogen sulfide are diminished in various forms of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of hydrogen sulfide supplementation on cardiac function during reperfusion in a clinically relevant experimental model of cardiopulmonary bypass. Twelve anesthetized dogs underwent hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. After 60 minutes of hypothermic cardiac arrest, reperfusion was started after application of either saline vehicle (control, n = 6), or the sodium sulfide infusion (1 mg/kg/hour, n = 6). Biventricular hemodynamic variables were measured by combined pressure–volume–conductance catheters. Coronary and pulmonary blood flow, vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and sodiumnitroprusside and pulmonary function were also determined. Administration of sodium sulfide led to a significantly better recovery of left and right ventricular systolic function (P < 0.05) after 60 minutes of reperfusion. Coronary blood flow was also significantly higher in the sodium sulfide-treated group (P < 0.05). Sodium sulfide treatment improved coronary blood flow, and preserved the acetylcholine-induced increases in coronary and pulmonary blood (P < 0.05). Myocardial ATP levels were markedly improved in the sulfide-treated group. Thus, supplementation of sulfide improves the recovery of myocardial and endothelial function and energetic status after hypothermic cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass. These beneficial effects occurred without any detectable adverse hemodynamic or cardiovascular effects of sulfide at the dose used in the current study.
A Time Domain differential CMOS Temperature Sensor with Reduced Supply Sensitivity (2008)

In this paper, a Time Domain CMOS Temperature Sensor with Differential Temperature Sensing Circuit and Reduced Supply Sensitivity is presented. Differential temperature sensing is achieved by using two delay generators, each for generating positively and negatively proportional to temperature delays respectively. The effective temperature signal can then be increased for quantization. The variation in supply voltage is sensed and converted to bias currents proportional to supply voltage. Temperature error due to 10% supply voltage variation can be reduced to less than ±1°C. A temperature dependent pulse will be generated and then digitized by a ripple counter using an external clock signal. Simulation results show that a ±0.6°C with two-point calibration can be achieved with a temperature variation from 0°C to 100°C. The circuit consumes 12μA and 70μA in static and temperature acquiring mode, respectively, and has a sampling rate of more than 80k samples/s.
Recent Advances in Clinical Pathology (1947)

This volume is a collaborative effort of forty-one pathologists, mostly British, some from various European countries who found refuge in England from persecution in their native lands. Dyke, the editor, pays tribute to these refugees for their contributions to building up the British service in clinical pathology during the war. The gathering of pathologists from the entire continent led to the formation of the European Association of Clinical Pathologists. When the time seemed near that those who came from abroad might be able to return to their homes, the publication of this book was decided to put on record "the present state in Great Britain of the knowledge and practice of Clinical Pathology." The text is divided into four main sections: bacteriology, biochemistry, hematology and cytology, and histology. Each of the chapters deals with subjects in which important recent advances have been made. They include enteric infections, typhus fever, sore
Effectiveness of an experimental consensus phytase in improving dietary phytate-phosphorus utilization by weanling pigs1 (2003)

Consensus phytase is a new biosynthetic, heat-stable enzyme derived from the sequences of multiple homologous phytases. Two experiments were conducted to determine its effectiveness, relative to inorganic P and a mutant enzyme of Escherichia coli phytase (Mutant-EP), in improving dietary phytate-P availability to pigs. In Exp. 1, 36 pigs (3 wk old, 7.00 +/- 0.24 kg of BW) were fed a low-P corn-soybean meal basal diet plus consensus phytase at 0, 250, 500, 750, 1,000, or 1,250 U/kg of feed for 5 wk. Plasma inorganic P concentration, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, bone strength, and overall ADG and gain:feed ratio of pigs were improved (P < 0.05) by consensus phytase in both linear (R2 = 0.20 to 0.70) and quadratic (R2 = 0.30 to 0.70) dose-dependent fashions. In Exp. 2, 36 pigs (4 wk old, 9.61 +/- 0.52 kg BW) were fed the basal diet + inorganic P at 0.1 or 0.2%, consensus phytase at 750 or 450 U/kg of feed, Mutant-EP at 450 U/kg of feed, or 225 U consensus + 225 U Mutant-EP/kg of feed. Pigs fed 750 U of consensus phytase or 450 U of Mutant-EP/kg feed had plasma inorganic concentrations and bone strength that fell between those of pigs fed 0.1 or 0.2% inorganic P. These two measures were 16 to 29% lower (P < 0.05) in pigs fed 450 U of consensus phytase/kg of feed than those of pigs fed 0.2% inorganic P. Plasma inorganic P concentrations were 14 to 29% higher (P < 0.05) in pigs fed Mutant-EP vs. consensus phytase at 450 U/kg at wk 2 and 3. In conclusion, the experimental consensus phytase effectively releases phytate P from the corn-soy diet for weanling pigs. The inorganic P equivalent of 750 U of consensus phytase/kg of feed may fall between 0.1 and 0.2%, but this requires further determination.
Epidemic information dissemination in distributed systems (2004)

Easy to deploy, robust, and highly resilient to failures, epidemic algorithms are a potentially effective mechanism for propagating information in large peer-to-peer systems deployed on Internet or ad hoc networks. It is possible to adjust the parameters of epidemic algorithm to achieve high reliability despite process crashes and disconnections, packet losses, and a dynamic network topology. Although researchers have used epidemic algorithms in applications such as failure detection, data aggregation, resource discovery and monitoring, and database replication, their general applicability to practical, Internet-wide systems remains open to question. We describe four key problems: membership maintenance, network awareness, buffer management, and message filtering, and suggest some preliminary approaches to address them.
Using components for rapid distributed software development (2001)

Software development has not reached the maturity of other engineering disciplines; it is still challenging to produce software that works reliably, is easy to use and maintain, and arrives within budget and on time. In addition, relatively small software systems for highly specific applications are in increasing demand. This need requires a significantly different approach to software development from that used by their large, monolithic, general-purpose software counterparts such as Microsoft Word. The paper discusses the use of components for rapid distributed software development. It reports on the the experience of a large testbed called Educational Software Components of Tomorrow (www.escot.org), supported by the US National Science Foundation.
Stitch-free widely tunable dual-channel fibre laser for use in a passive component analyser (2006)

A widely-tunable laser source (WTLS) is discussed that is particularly well-suited for use in a passive component analyser, which is based on a novel design incorporating two distinct resonant cavities sharing a common tuning element and a common optical output. This design comprises a polarisation-maintaining fibre, two semiconductor optical amplifiers, a low-loss tunable filter and wavelength-independent fused couplers. The WTLS can be continuously tuned over the O-, E-, S-, C- and L-bands with an output power greater than −12 dBm from 1250 to 1637 nm and a peak power of 4.5 dBm. The laser exhibits a signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 80 dB over almost all the spectral range when measured with an optical spectrum analyser having a resolution bandwidth of 1 nm. Its effective 3-dB linewidth is less than 7 GHz.
A strategy for the analysis of gene expression during neural development. (1994)

The delineation of cis-acting elements regulating stage-specific gene expression has played a critical role in the definition of the transcriptional circuitry regulating differentiation. In complex tissues such as the central nervous system, differentiation often requires temporally and spatially dynamic epigenetic cues that cannot be reproduced in cell culture. In these cases, identification of critical regulatory sequences and subsequent characterization of cognate transcription factors have been limited by lack of a rapid and efficient assay system for gene expression. We report a methodology that combines particle-bombardment transfection procedures and organotypic slice culture techniques to provide an acute assay system for transcriptional control in the developing central nervous system. Using this system, we demonstrate that cell-specific regulation of the brain lipid-binding protein (BLBP) gene in Bergmann glia, astrocytes, and migrating granule cells is conferred by 1.7 kb of 5' flanking sequences and that Purkinje cell-specific expression of the calbindin D28k gene in cerebellar cortex can be achieved with 1.1 kb of flanking DNA. Nearly 100% cotransfection of multiple DNAs can be achieved, allowing the design of precisely internally controlled experiments and providing the potential for rapid and efficient genetic analysis of gene function in single cells in a wild-type environment.
Photopatterning poly(p-phenylenevinylene) from xanthate precursor polymers (2011)

A simple, direct method for photopatterning poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) from a xanthate precursor polymer is presented. The effect of UV exposure on the resultant PPV is examined by UV-Vis, XPS, FTIR, and DC conductivity measurements. By optimizing the photolithographic conditions, a spatial resolution of one micron is obtained, with minimal impact to the properties of the photopatterned PPV.
Single embryo transfer and IVF/ICSI outcome: a balanced appraisal (2004)

This review considers the value of single embryo transfer (SET) to prevent multiple pregnancies (MP) after IVF/ICSI. The incidence of MP (twins and higher order pregnancies) after IVF/ICSI is much higher (approximately 30%) than after natural conception (approximately 1%). Approximately half of all the neonates are multiples. The obstetric, neonatal and long-term consequences for the health of these children are enormous and costs incurred extremely high. Judicious SET is the only method to decrease this epidemic of iatrogenic multiple gestations. Clinical trials have shown that programmes with >50% of SET maintain high overall ongoing pregnancy rates ( approximately 30% per started cycle) while reducing the MP rate to <10%. Experience with SET remains largely European although the need to reduce MP is accepted worldwide. An important issue is how to select patients suitable for SET and embryos with a high putative implantation potential. The typical patient suitable for SET is young (aged <36 years) and in her first or second IVF/ICSI trial. Embryo selection is performed using one or a combination of embryo characteristics. Available evidence suggests that, for the overall population, day 3 and day 5 selection yield similar results but better than zygote selection results. Prospective studies correlating embryo characteristics with documented implantation potential, utilizing databases of individual embryos, are needed. The application of SET should be supported by other measures: reimbursement of IVF/ICSI (earned back by reducing costs), optimized cryopreservation to augment cumulative pregnancy rates per oocyte harvest and a standardized format for reporting results. To make SET the standard of care in the appropriate target group, there is a need for more clinical studies, for intensive counselling of patients, and for an increased sense of responsibility in patients, health care providers and health insurers.
Zero-shot Learning via Shared-Reconstruction-Graph Pursuit (2017)

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize objects from novel unseen classes without any training data. Recently, structure-transfer based methods are proposed to implement ZSL by transferring structural knowledge from the semantic embedding space to image feature space to classify testing images. However, we observe that such a knowledge transfer framework may suffer from the problem of the geometric inconsistency between the data in the training and testing spaces. We call this problem as the space shift problem. In this paper, we propose a novel graph based method to alleviate this space shift problem. Specifically, a Shared Reconstruction Graph (SRG) is pursued to capture the common structure of data in the two spaces. With the learned SRG, each unseen class prototype (cluster center) in the image feature space can be synthesized by the linear combination of other class prototypes, so that testing instances can be classified based on the distance to these synthesized prototypes. The SRG bridges the image feature space and semantic embedding space. By applying spectral clustering on the learned SRG, many meaningful clusters can be discovered, which interprets ZSL performance on the datasets. Our method can be easily extended to the generalized zero-shot learning setting. Experiments on three popular datasets show that our method outperforms other methods on all datasets. Even with a small number of training samples, our method can achieve the state-of-the-art performance.
Experimental evaluation of a soft-switching DC/DC converter for fuel cell vehicle applications (2005)

A soft-switched, isolated bi-directional DC/DC converter has been developed for fuel cell powered electric vehicles (FCPEV), in which the 12 V battery for the vehicle accessory loads is also used to start up the fuel cells and to store the energy captured during regenerative braking. The DC/DC converter interfaces the low voltage battery to the fuel cell powered higher voltage DC bus system (255 V - 425 V). Dual half-bridges interconnected through a transformer are employed to minimize the number of switching devices and their associated gate drive components. The transformer provides voltage level matching and galvanic isolation for safety requirements. Snubber capacitors and the transformer leakage inductance are utilized to achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS). Therefore, no extra resonant components are required for ZVS, further reducing component count. The inherent soft-switching capability and the low component count of the converter allows efficient power conversion and compact packaging. A prototype was built and successfully tested. This paper presents design considerations and testing data to evaluate the prototype's performance against the requirements for FCPEV applications.
Effect of Capping Silicon Nitride Layer and Nitrided Gate Oxide on Hump of Transistors (2004)

In this letter, we investigate the effect of capping silicon nitride and nitrided gate oxide on the hump in the sub-threshold slope of various transistors. Silicon wafers having both high- and low-voltage transistors are fabricated. The thin gate oxide is grown by nitric oxidation, while two step process of dry oxidation and low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) is used for the thick gate oxide. Note that the thickness of thin gate oxide is 4.5 nm, and 29 nm for thick gate oxide. It appears that both low-voltage nMOS and pMOS do not show any hump, nor does high-voltage pMOS. The subthreshold hump of high-voltage nMOS depends on process conditions. It shows severe hump without capping silicon nitride layer due to moisture diffusion during thermal anneal after interlayer oxide deposition by LPCVD. It also appears that nitrided oxide is effective to prevent hump by stopping moisture diffusion.
Bandwidth estimation schemes for TCP over wireless networks (2004)

The use of enhanced bandwidth estimation procedures within the congestion control scheme of TCP was proposed recently as a way of improving TCP performance over links affected by random loss. This paper first analyzes the problems faced by every bandwidth estimation algorithm implemented at the sender side of a TCP connection. Some proposed estimation algorithms are then reviewed, analyzing and comparing their estimation accuracy and performance. As existing algorithms are poor in bandwidth estimation, and in sharing network resources fairly, we propose TIBET (time intervals based bandwidth estimation technique). This is a new bandwidth estimation scheme that can be implemented within the TCP congestion control procedure, modifying only the sender-side of a connection. The use of TIBET enhances TCP source performance over wireless links. The performance of TIBET is analyzed and compared with other schemes. Moreover, by studying TCP behavior with an ideal bandwidth estimation, we provide an upper bound to the performance of all possible schemes based on different bandwidth estimates.
Face Membership Authentication Using SVM Classification Tree Generated by Membership-Based LLE Data Partition (2005)

This paper presents a new membership authentication method by face classification using a support vector machine (SVM) classification tree, in which the size of membership group and the members in the membership group can be changed dynamically. Unlike our previous SVM ensemble-based method, which performed only one face classification in the whole feature space, the proposed method employed a divide and conquer strategy that first performs a recursive data partition by membership-based locally linear embedding (LLE) data clustering, then does the SVM classification in each partitioned feature subset. Our experimental results show that the proposed SVM tree not only keeps the good properties that the SVM ensemble method has, such as a good authentication accuracy and the robustness to the change of members, but also has a considerable improvement on the stability under the change of membership group size.
Entzündungshemmende Wirkstoffe, 7. Mitt. Aroylierung von 5‐Chlorbenzotriazol (1980)

Abstract Aus der Aroylierung von 5‐Chlorbenzotriazol ( 1 ) mit p‐Toluoylchlorid ( 2 ) geht das 6‐Chlor‐1‐(p‐toluoyl)benzotriazol ( 10 ) hervor. Der Strukturbeweis liegt in der Identität der auf diesem Wege erhaltenen Verbindung 10 mit demjenigen Produkt, das durch primäre Festlegung der Haftstelle des (p‐Toluoyl)restes mittels Umsetzung von 5‐Chlor‐2‐nitroanilin ( 7 ) mit 2 und darauf erfolgenden Ringschluß erhalten wird.
Question‐driven segmentation of lecture speech text: Towards intelligent e‐learning systems (2007)

Abstract Recently, lecture videos have been widely used in e‐learning systems. Envisioning intelligent e‐learning systems, this article addresses the challenge of information seeking in lecture videos by retrieving relevant video segments based on user queries, through dynamic segmentation of lecture speech text . In the proposed approach, shallow parsing such as part of‐speech tagging and noun phrase chunking are used to parse both questions and Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) transcripts. A sliding‐window algorithm is proposed to identify the start and ending boundaries of returned segments. Phonetic and partial matching is utilized to correct the errors from automated speech recognition and noun phrase chunking. Furthermore, extra knowledge such as lecture slides is used to facilitate the ASR transcript error correction. The approach also makes use of proximity to approximate the deep parsing and structure match between question and sentences in ASR transcripts. The experimental results showed that both phonetic and partial matching improved the segmentation performance, slides‐based ASR transcript correction improves information coverage, and proximity is also effective in improving the overall performance.
A semi-physical bipolar transistor model for the design of very-high-frequency analog ICs (2003)

A compact transistor model that is well suited for the design of very-high-frequency analog ICs and advanced narrow-emitter transistors is presented. It takes into account non-quasi-static transistor behavior and HF emitter current crowding as well as emitter-periphery and high-current effects. Modeling of the transit time, the base resistance, and the emitter junction capacitance was improved. Besides the simulation of HF analog ICs, the model proved to be well suited for simulating the switching behavior of high-speed digital ICs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Can we use neuroimaging data to differentiate between subgroups of children with ADHD symptoms: A proof of concept study using latent class analysis of brain activity (2018)

In this proof of concept study, we showed that we could identify distinct subgroups of children with ADHD-symptoms based on their brain activity profiles. Generalizability was limited due to the small sample size, but ultimately such neurobiological profiles could improve insight in individual prognosis and treatment options.