gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of converter topologies for improved power quality in DC traction substations (2002)

A high power converter is developed for improved power quality in DC traction substation applications. The proposed converter can be used as both an inverter and an active power filter (APF). As an inverter, it can recycle regenerative energy caused by decelerating trains and as an APF, it can compensate for harmonic distortion produced by the rectifier substations. This paper evaluates the different topologies which can be used to implement this converter. A multilevel topology for the converter is considered because of the high power and high dynamic bandwidth requirements. A comparison is made between using a multilevel inverter and using a combination of a multilevel chopper and a lower voltage inverter.
Overview and status of DoradoLisp (1980)

DoradoLisp is an implementation of the Interlisp programming system on a large personal computer. It has evolved from AltoLisp, an implementation on a less powerful machine. The major goal of the Dorado implementation was to eliminate the performance deficiencies of the previous system. This paper describes the current status of the system and discusses some of the issues that arose during its implementation. Among the techniques that helped us meet our performance goal were transferring much of the kernel software into Lisp, intensive use of performance measurement tools to determine the areas of worst performance, and use of the Interlisp programming environment to allow rapid and widespread improvements to the system code. The paper lists some areas in which performance was critical and offers some observations on how our experience might be useful to other implementations of Interlisp.
Improving SDH radio quality performance: the WEST combiner concept and benefits for space diversity receivers (1993)

Discusses a new and effective approach to describe QAM system performance in high capacity SDH radio as a function of properly weighted power level and spectrum distortion. An efficient combiner for space diversity receivers, based on these concepts-the WESt (Weighted Evaluation Strategy) combiner-is also described, and simulation and laboratory measurements on prototypes are shown.
Reflections on the Study of German Phonology (1968)

Journal Article REFLECTIONS ON THE STUDY OF GERMAN PHONOLOGY Get access R. E. KELLER R. E. KELLER Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Forum for Modern Language Studies, Volume IV, Issue 2, April 1968, Pages 103–114, https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/IV.2.103 Published: 01 April 1968
CIS-based thin film PV technology. Phase 2 technical report, October 1996--October 1997 (1998)

This report describes work performed during Phase 2 of Siemens Solar Industries` (SSI) subcontract. Studies of the differences between reactors continued, resulting in adjustment of most of the process conditions to more closely mimic process conditions in the baseline reactor, thereby mitigating most of the process differences. SSI designed and built a new large-area reactor that is a more-direct scale-up of the baseline reactor. This reactor became operational during Phase 2 and was successfully demonstrated by initial circuit performance for 28-cm x 30-cm circuits averaging 10.6%, which compares favorably to the 10-cm x 10-cm baseline. SSI also defined a package for introductory products in support of the DOE long-term goal of systems that last at least 30 years. SSI also introduced two new CIS-based products: the product designations are ST5 and ST10, which are 21-cm x 33-cm/5-watt and 39-cm x 33-cm/10-watt modules designed for 12-V systems. NREL reports 9.6% aperture-area efficiency on the samples (11.2% circuit-plate aperture area), which is the highest efficiency of any commercial noncrystalline module. SSI also delivered a set of modules to NREL for a 1-kW array replacing an existing 1-kW array based on an older absorber formation technology. NREL reports stable performance and an unprecedented average efficiency of over 9%. A champion module was confirmed by NREL to produce 40.6 watts for a new world-record efficiency of 11.1% on 3,665 cm{sup 2}. This demonstrated efficiency exceeds the 1995 DOE efficiency goal for CIS prototype modules and exceeds the year 2000 efficiency goals for amorphous silicon and cadmium telluride technologies.
Fabrication of GaN-Based Resonant Cavity LEDs (2002)

This article describes a fabrication process for GaN based resonant cavity (RC) LEDs. The devices emit through the transparent sapphire substrate. An AlGaN/GaN DBR forms the bottom mirror, while a PdAg-based p-contact metallisation serves as top mirror. The PdAg mirrors have been characterized optically by reflectometry, and electrically by circular TLM measurements. A specific contact resistivity of 1.0 × 10—2 Ωcm2 has been measured, without any annealing of the contacts. For the GaN to PdAg interface a reflectivity of 60% has been measured for a wavelength of 510 nm. At 20 mA bias the RC-LEDs show a forward voltage of 3.5 V and an optical output of 330 μW through the back of the wafer.
Private random number generation through remote atom entanglement (2011)

Random number generation is vital for a wide range of applications, including numerical simulation, gambling, and cryptography. However, verifying the randomness of a bit stream generated by a device is exceedingly difficult. Even if a sequence of numbers passes all of the standard statistical tests, it is often impossible to certify the authenticity of the device and rule out the possibility that an adversary has loaded a predetermined sequence into an internal memory. Recently, it has been shown that the non-local correlations between entangled quantum systems can be used to verify the generation of true random numbers [1, 2]. This insight enables the construction of a private random number generator whose output can be verified as random through the violation of a Bell inequality, without requiring any assumptions about the internal mechanisms of the device.
Relationship between displacement characteristics of a 126kV vacuum circuit breaker and spring type operating mechanism (2008)

Spring type operating mechanism is widely used in high voltage circuit breakers. We investigated displacement characteristics of moving contact in opening and closing operation and how it is influenced by design of the spring type operating mechanism. Dynamics models were set up to demonstrate the relationship between displacement characteristics including initial opening speed, average opening speed, average closing speed and design parameters of operating mechanism including contact spring, over-travel, opening spring, cam and damper etc. Our simulation results show that the initial velocity increased significantly as over-travel and preload of contact spring increased. The damper and the cam can be designed to get a suitable displacement characteristic of movable contact.
Distributing a database for parallelism (1983)

In this paper we treat the problem of subdividing a database and allocating the fragments to the sites in a distributed database system in order to maximize non-duplicative parallelism. Our goal is to establish a conceptual framework for distributing data without being committed to specific cost models.We introduce the concept of "local sufficiency" as a measure of parallelism, and show how certain classes of queries lead naturally to irredundant partitions of a database that are locally sufficient. For classes of queries for which no irredundant distribution is locally sufficient, we offer ways to introduce redundancy in achieving local sufficiency
Evidence for the stem cell origin of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. (1989)

A review of the morphologic, autoradiographic, and phenotypic analysis of the cellular changes seen during induction of cancer of the liver in rats by chemical carcinogens is used to develop an alternative to the established hypothesis that chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma arises from premalignant nodules. The authors propose that hepatocellular and ductular carcinomas arise from a pluripotent liver stem cell and that enzyme-altered foci and nodular changes are adaptive non-oncogenic responses to the toxic effects of carcinogens. It is further postulated that persistent nodules may provide an environment that nurtures development of neoplastic cells other than the altered hepatocytes that originally form the nodule. It is possible, however, that there may be more than one cellular lineage to hepatocellular cancer and that persistent nodules contain these different lineages.
Effect of phenolic compounds and tannin on growth and laccase activity of Fomes annosus (1981)

Abstract The growth of Fomes annosus in liquid medium was inhibited by phenols which were oxidized by the fungus and/or induced high laccase acitivity. The effect of some of the tested phenols was different when they were applied to wood. The applicability of hydroquinone in spruce‐stems as protecting agent against invasion of F o mes annosus is discussed.
Substrate Stiffness Modulates Gene Expression and Phenotype in Neonatal Cardiomyocytes <i>In Vitro</i> (2012)

Biomaterials to be used as cell delivery systems for cardiac tissue engineering should be able to comply with cardiac muscle contractile activity, while favoring cell survival and neo-angiogenesis in a hostile environment. Biocompatible synthetic materials can be tailored to mimic cardiac tissue three-dimensional organization in the micro- and nanoscales. Nonetheless, they usually display mechanical properties that are far from those of the native myocardium and thus could affect host cell survival and activity. In the present investigation, inert poly-ε-caprolactone planar layers were manufactured to change the surface stiffness (with Young's modulus ranging from 1 to 133 MPa) without changing matrix chemistry. These substrates were challenged with neonatal murine cardiomyocytes to study the possible effect of substrate stiffness on such cell behavior without changing biological cues. Interestingly, softer substrates (0.91±0.08 and 1.53±0.16 MPa) were found to harbor mostly mature cardiomyocytes having assembled sarcomeres, as shown by the expression of alpha actinin and myosin heavy chain in typical striations and the upregulation of sarcomeric actin mRNA. On the other hand, a preferential expression of immature cardiac cell genes (Nkx-2.5) and proteins (GATA-4) in cardiac cells grown onto stiffer materials (49.67±2.56 and 133.23±8.67 MPa) was detected. This result could not be ascribed to significant differences in cell adhesion or proliferation induced by the substrates, but to the stabilization of cardiomyocyte differentiated phenotype induced by softer layers. In fact, cardiac cell electromechanical coupling was shown to be more organized on softer surfaces, as highlighted by connexin 43 distribution. Moreover, a differential regulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling was detected on soft films (0.91±0.08 MPa) as compared with the stiffest (133.23±8.67 MPa). Finally, the upregulation of a number of genes involved in inflammatory processes was detected when the stiffest polymer is used. These events highlight the differences in cell mechanosensitivity in a heterogeneous cell preparation and are likely to contribute to the differences encountered in cardiac cell phenotype induced by substrate stiffness.
Pulse Combustion: An Advanced Technology for Efficient Drying (2002)

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of pulse combustion, as applied to industrial drying. A concise description is given, of the pulse combustion process and its basic features. Pulse combustion experimental data on drying kinetics for solid materials are compared to those of continuous combustion, and interpreted in terms of water bonding and internal/external drying conditions. Two drying mechanisms are postulated, based on data from the literature and from the authors' experiments in the drying of solids and dispersed liquids. Experimental (LDA analysis) and theoretical (CFD modeling) approaches are presented, to describe the flow field generated by the pulse combustor in the drying chamber. Environmental aspects (acoustic noise and pollutant emissions) are discussed. Finally, the issues of user-acceptance and reliability of pulse combustion drying are raised, in regards to noise level and combustor-dryer interaction.
Barrett Esophagus and Risk of Esophageal Cancer (2013)

Endoscopic screening is recommended for patients with multiple risk factors for cancer in Barrett esophagus. For patients with Barrett esophagus without dysplasia, endoscopic surveillance at intervals of 3 to 5 years is recommended, and GERD is treated much as it is for patients without Barrett esophagus. Endoscopic eradication therapy is the treatment of choice for high-grade dysplasia and is an option for low-grade dysplasia. Endoscopic eradication therapy is not recommended for the general population of patients with nondysplastic Barrett esophagus.
Value of Recertification (II) (2000)

JBJS was founded by the American Orthopaedic Association in 1903 and is the Official Journal of the American Orthopaedic Association. EXCELLENCE THROUGH PEER REVIEW The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) has been the most valued source of information for orthopaedic surgeons and researchers for over 125 years and is the gold standard in peer-reviewed scientific information in the field. A core journal and essential reading for general as well as specialist orthopaedic surgeons worldwide, JBJS publishes evidence-based research to enhance the quality of care for orthopaedic patients. Standards of excellence and high quality are maintained in everything we do, from the science of the content published to the customer service we provide. JBJS is an independent, non-profit journal. JBJS.org is the version of record of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. JBJS is published twice a month on the first and third Wednesday of each month, each time adding to a comprehensive PDF archive dating back to 1889. Additional features online include: article commenting, social sharing links, instructional videos, podcasts, and continuing medical education activities. Contributions from anywhere in the world are welcome and considered on their merits. The manuscript must be written in English and should be submitted as outlined in the Instructions for Authors. Manuscripts are subject to blinded peer review by experts and a final decision by the editor. Papers are judged by the quality and relevance of the work. Our aim is to publish the best material available from anywhere in the world.
Storms in Malta, 1848, 1852 (1931)

Journal Article Storms in Malta, 1848, 1852 Get access H. W. U. H. W. U. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CLXI, Issue jul11, 11 July 1931, Pages 28–29, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CLXI.jul11.28f Published: 11 July 1931
Evaluation of Metal-Cleaning Compounds. A Quantative Method (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvaluation of Metal-Cleaning Compounds. A Quantative MethodO. Morgan and J. LanklerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1942, 14, 9, 725–726Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i560109a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i560109a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Structured Denoising Autoencoder for Fault Detection and Analysis (2014)

This paper proposes a new fault detection and analysis approach which can leverage incomplete prior information. Conventional data-driven approaches suer from the problem of overtting and result in high rates of false positives, and model-driven approaches suer from a lack of specic information about complex systems. We overcome these problems by modifying the denoising autoencoder (DA), a data-driven method, to form a new approach, called the structured denoising autoencoder (StrDA), which can utilize incomplete prior information. The StrDA does not require specic information and can perform well without overtting. In particular, an empirical analysis with synthetic data revealed that the StrDA performs better than the DA even when there is partially incorrect or abstract information. An evaluation using real data from moving cars also showed that the StrDA with incomplete knowledge outperformed conventional methods. Surprisingly, the StrDA results were better even though the parameters of the conventional methods were tuned using faulty data, which are normally unknown. In addition, the StrDA fault analysis was able to extract the true causes of the faulty data; the other methods were unable to do this. Thus, only our proposed method can explain why the faults occurred.
Redox-Mediated Enrichment of Self-Renewing Adult Human Pancreatic Cells That Possess Endocrine Differentiation Potential (2004)

These data support the use of intracellular redox modulation for the enrichment of pancreatic stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and endocrine differentiation.
Bias correction of maximum likelihood estimation in quantitative MRI (2013)

For quantitative MRI techniques, such as T1, T2 mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), a model has to be fit to several MR images that are acquired with suitably chosen different acquisition settings. The most efficient estimator to retrieve the parameters is the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator. However, the standard ML estimator is biased for finite sample sizes. In this paper we derive a bias correction formula for magnitude MR images. This correction is applied in two different simulation experiments, a T2 mapping experiment and a DTI experiment. We show that the correction formula successfully removes the bias. As the correction is performed as post-processing, it is possible to retrospectively correct the results of previous quantitative experiments. With this procedure more accurate quantitative values can be obtained from quantitative MR acquisitions.
Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions of ruthenium bis-terpyridyl complexes: strategies for the incorporation and exploitation of boronic acid functionality (2001)

The palladium catalysed Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 4′-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (tpy-ϕ-Br) and 4′-bromo-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (tpy-Br) with bis(neopentyl glycolato)diboron (B2neo2) lead to the first reported examples of boronate ester-substituted terpyridine ligands, L1 and L2. Ligand L1, which incorporates a benzene ring between the terpyridine group and the boron, reacts with transition metals such as iron and ruthenium to generate complexes containing the analogous boronic acid-substituted terpyridine L3. The heteroleptic complex [Ru(ttpy)L3]2+ has also been prepared by an analogous cross-coupling reaction of the bromo complex [Ru(ttpy)(tpy-ϕ-Br)]2+ with B2neo2 (ttpy = 4′-tolyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine). The structurally related complex [Ru(ttpy)L4]2+ (L4 = terpyridine-4′-boronic acid) could not be prepared, either directly from L2 or from [Ru(ttpy)(tpy-Br)]2+, apparently due to competitive hydrodeboration and solvolysis. The complex [Ru(ttpy)L3]2+ reacts with aryl halides under standard palladium-catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling conditions to generate more elaborate 4′-aryl-substituted terpyridyl complexes. Cross-coupling has also been achieved by reaction of [Ru(ttpy)(tpy-Br)]2+ with an arylboronic acid. The photophysical properties of [Ru(ttpy)L3]2+ are shown to be largely typical of ruthenium bis-terpyridyl complexes.
One-Step Inversion Process to a Janus Emulsion with Two Mutually Insoluble Oils (2011)

High internal phase ratio (HIPR) aqueous Janus emulsions of two immiscible oils, silicone oil (SO) and a vegetable oil (VO), were prepared using a vibration mixer. The simple HIPR Janus emulsions, (VO + SO)/W, were found at weight fractions of the aqueous phase in excess of 0.3, while at a corresponding fraction of 0.1, a triple emulsion was obtained with the Janus emulsion forming a drop inside the vegetable oil to give a double Janus emulsion, (VO + SO)/W/VO, which in turn formed drops in the silicone oil resulting in a triple Janus emulsion (VO + SO)/W/VO/SO. Increasing the aqueous-phase fraction from 0.1 to 0.3 consequently meant an inversion, of which one intermediate stage was observed: a more complex configuration, e.g., one in which large SO drops with highly distorted VO drops attached were dispersed in a regular aqueous emulsion with spherical Janus (VO + SO) drops. A preliminary investigation was made into the destabilization process of the triple emulsions.
CCL2/MCP-1 controls parasite burden, cell infiltration, and mononuclear activation during acute <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> infection (2009)

CCL2/MCP-1 has emerged recently as a critical factor in infectious and autoimmune myocarditis. In fact, this chemokine is produced in great amounts in hearts from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice and is known to enhance parasite uptake and destruction by macrophages. Herein, we studied the involvement of CCL2 in tissue inflammation and resistance to T. cruzi. Infected CCL2(-/-) mice developed higher parasitemias and died earlier than WT mice. Close to their death, T. cruzi-infected CCL2(-/-) presented greater amounts of TNF, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 in plasma than WTs and clinical signs of systemic inflammatory response. Amastigote nests were more frequent in hearts and livers from infected CCL2(-/-) tissues than in WTs, and reduced numbers of leukocytes infiltrated their tissues. Leukocytes formed diffuse but not focal infiltrates in hearts from infected CCL2(-/-) mice, and perivascular cuffs could still be found in their livers. Infected CCL2(-/-) mice had smaller percentages of activated CD11b (Mac-1)+CD107b (Mac-3)+ macrophages and CD8+CD69(hi) cells among heart and liver infiltrates than WTs (flow cytometry), indicating that CCL2 controls subset migration/activation. CCL2 accumulated among focal heart infiltrates, suggesting that this chemokine is involved in retention of mononuclear cells in particular spots. Peritoneal macrophages from CCL2(-/-) mice displayed decreased trypanocidal activity. Our results demonstrate that CCL2 contributes to reduce parasite growth and indicate that it does so by controlling the distribution, cellular composition, and state of activation of inflammatory infiltrates in acute T. cruzi infection.
Synthesis of aromatic polyethers containing 2,6(7)‐dihydroxy [1,3,5(6),7(8)‐tetramethylanthracene] units (1987)

Abstract Friedel–Crafts copolymerization of 4,4′ bis(2,6‐dimethylphenoxy‐4‐Phenyl)sulfone with methylene chloride used both as comonomer and solvent leads to linear and soluble aromatic polyethers containing 2,6(7)‐dihydroxy[1,3,5(6),7(8)‐tetramethylanthracene] units. The polymerization proceeds by multiple electrophilic substitutions that lead first to diphenylmethane and then to dihydroanthrylene units, followed by dihydrogenation.