gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cationic Amino Acid, L-Lysine and its Polymers on the Growth and Secretion of Hybridoma Cell Line OKT-3 (2000)

Apart from their pivotal roles in anabolic protein synthesis, cationic amino acids, particularly, L-lysine HCl and its oligomers, up to molecular weight 1000, showed a remarkable property of cellular growth stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. L- and D-Lysine HCl, at a maximal stimulatory concentration of 7 microg/mL of added load of the amino acid, supported a characteristic time-scaled cellular expansion in vitro, and L-lysine-mediated cell expansion in batch cultures always showed a stimulation index (S.I.) ranging up to approximately 35, compared with the matched control populations. Variable S.I. was possibly due to factors such as seeding density, type of media additives, number of passages the cells have undergone before being stimulated, etc. Beyond and before maximal stimulatory concentration of the amino acid, there is a sharp decline in the cellular growth-promoting activity of monomeric L-lysine HCl in vitro, thereby showing a clear concentration window for maximum cellular growth promotion. While the essential amino acid does not have any dedicated cell surface receptor, the monomeric and oligomeric amino acid molecule(s) possibly mediates the serum-derived growth factor-receptor binding on the cell membrane by having two cationic charge centres at two ends of the molecule. Beyond a cutoff molecular weight of 1000, oligomeric lysines did not show any positive effects on either cell division and secretion.
Electron Beam Deflection: Part I. Small-Angle Deflection Theory (1947)

Two general mathematical methods are discussed which may be used to study the effects of electric and/or magnetic deflection fields on electron beams. The basic equations for the ``path method'' are the equations of motion of Newton or Euler-Lagrange. The ``iconal method'' makes use of certain properties of the Hamiltonian function. These methods are then applied to describe the action of balanced, two-dimensional electric deflection fields on electron beams. It is shown that both methods yield essentially the same results. Expressions are derived describing the magnitude of deflection and the distortions of an electron beam. Only the path method is used in a similar investigation of magnetic-type deflection fields.
Instant Messaging Acceptance and Use Among College Students (2004)

The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model is used to study acceptance and usage of instant messaging among college students. This study validates the UTAUT model in a new environment which is not work related. The results show that functional capability (the presence of various functions in the application) has a direct effect on behavior intention as well as on performance and effort expectancies. The results also show that performance expectancy does not have the hypothesized effect on behavioral intention. This may be attributed to the non-work environment. As replacement, attitude becomes a significant factor on behavioral intention. Peer influence is also found to be an important factor. The model explains more than 60 % of the variance in behavioral intention. With the identification of new important variables and relationships for instant messaging,
Top-down mass spectrometry for sequencing of larger (up to 61 nt) RNA by CAD and EDD (2010)

We have studied the effect of solution additives on hydrolysis and charge state distribution in ESI MS of RNA. Lower and higher charge state ions can be electrosprayed from solutions containing 25 mM piperidine/25 mM imidazole and 1% vol. triethylamine, respectively, with base-catalyzed hydrolysis rates that are sufficiently slow to perform MS/MS experiments. These lower and higher charge state ions are suitable as precursors for CAD and EDD, respectively. We demonstrate nearly complete sequence coverage for 61 nt RNA dissociated by CAD, and 34 nt RNA dissociated by EDD, and suggest a mechanism for backbone fragmentation in EDD of RNA.
[Organ specific application of drugs by means of cellular capsule systems (author's transl)]. (1977)

It is suggested to use living cells (red blood cells, lymphocytes and leucocytes) as drug delivery systems for temporal and spatial drug administration in human therapeutics and diagnosis. The effectiveness of drug loaded cells is demonstrated for the drug methotrexate which is used in cancer treatment. Red blood cells are loaded with methotrexate using the dielectric breakdown technique. Dielectric breakdown leads to a transient increase of permeability of the cell membrane. Red blood cells loaded with tritium-labelled methotrexate were injected into mice and the activity level was measured in several organs as a function of time. It is shown that with this drug delivery system more than 50% of the drug (after 10 min) can be accumulated in the liver and that a high activity level can be sustained in this or gan for more than 3 hours. On the other hand, administration of this drug by injecting solutions in the usual manner leads only to an 25% accumulation of methotrexate (after 10 min) in the liver. The drug is excreted completely after 1 to 2 hours. It is proposed to load red blood cells simultaneously with para- or ferromagnetic substances to obtain organ-specificity for any selected site of the body.
Forms of Beauty (2004)

This article approaches Claire Denis’s filmBeau Travail by way, first, of a passage in Alan Hollinghurst’s novelThe Folding Star ; then, more extensively, of the theoretical and art-critical writings of Leo Bersani and Ulysse Dutoit - especially their critique of narrative and desire as aggressive and appropriative strategies.Beau Travail is argued to give support to the contention that there are other, nonappropriative modes of existence and intersubjectivity: thoughBeau Travail is concerned with repression (especially the repression of homosexuality) it also may be said to depict a mode of being which is not crippled by jealousy, repression and coercive desire.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Protein Concentration (2002)

This unit describes spectrophotometric and colorimetric methods for measuring the concentration of a sample protein in solution. Absorbance measured at 280 nm (A(280)) is used to calculate protein concentration by comparison with a standard curve or published absorptivity values for that protein (a(280)). Alternatively, absorbance measured at 205 nm (A(205)) is used to calculate the protein concentration. The A(280) and A(205) methods can be used to quantify total protein in crude lysates and purified or partially purified protein. A spectrofluorometer or a filter fluorometer can be used to measure the intrinsic fluorescence emission of a sample solution; this value is compared with the emissions from standard solutions to determine the sample concentration. The fluorescence emission method is used to quantify purified protein. This simple method is useful for dilute protein samples and can be completed in a short amount of time. There are two colorimetric methods: the Bradford colorimetric method, based upon binding of the dye Coomassie brilliant blue to the protein of interest, and the Lowry method, which measures colorimetric reaction of tyrosyl residues in the protein sample.
Odd‐Numbered Medium‐Chain Triglycerides (Trinonanoin) in Total Parenteral Nutrition: Effects on Parameters of Fat Metabolism in Rabbits (1993)

Odd-numbered medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) might combine the advantages of "usual" MCTs applied in clinical nutrition with lower ketogenic action and the release of three carbon units. To test subacute toxicity, trinonanoin/long-chain triglyceride (LCT) (7/3 wt/wt) fat emulsions were given to rabbits (n = 8) for 11 days (7 h/d) within a total parenteral nutrition regimen at a dose of 46.5% of total daily energy. Comparisons were made with rabbits receiving equicaloric amounts of MCT/LCT (7/3, wt/wt) or pure LCT fat emulsions, as well as with orally fed controls. The trinonanoin/LCT emulsion was well tolerated by all animals. Body weight changes showed no statistically significant differences between groups. The enzymatic determination of triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and free glycerol concentrations in plasma samples revealed similar results for both MCT groups. However, ketone body concentrations (3-hydroxybutyrate) were significantly lower after trinonanoin/LCT emulsion administration. In the trinonanoin/LCT group, the plasma concentrations of propionic acid as well as of other short-chain fatty acids continuously increased; on days 10 and 11, elevated amounts of propionic acid were also detected in the urine. The histologic examination of the gut mucosa revealed no distinct differences between groups. On the basis of the presented data, the trinonanoin/LCT emulsion showed no inferiority to "usual" MCT/LCT emulsions. The lower ketogenic effect as well as the marked increase in plasma short-chain fatty acid concentrations may encourage further testing of this substrate for total parenteral nutrition.
The mycinose-biosynthetic genes of Streptomyces fradiae , producer of tylosin (1999)

The tylE-J region of the tylosin-biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces fradiae contains six open reading frames. The products of tylJ and tylD are nucleoside diphospho (NDP)-deoxyhexose 3-epimerase and NDP-deoxyhexose 4-ketoreductase, respectively, involved in the synthesis of NDP-6-deoxyallose from NDP-4-keto, 6-deoxyglucose. After incorporation of deoxyallose at C23-OH of the polyketide lactone, tylosin biosynthesis is completed by the products of tylE and tylF, which convert the deoxyallosyl moiety to mycinose via bis-O-methylation at 2-OH and 3-OH, respectively. Hydroxylation of the polyketide lactone at C23 is catalysed by the cytochrome P450 enzyme, TylHl. The product of tylHll is a ferredoxin of unknown specificity that could conceivably act together with TylHl.
A novel trust based algorithm for carpooling transportation systems (2012)

The increasing of cars in our planet and the consequent congestion of urban and intercity traffic, opens new challenges in ITS (Intelligent Transportation System). They can refer to several aspects. This paper analyses Carpooling, a technique of private cars sharing diffused in United Kingdom, United States and Italy to mention some. It helps to handle several troubles, such as the release of CO2 in the air, noise pollution, and excessive fuel consumption. Carpooling is considered an efficient technique, even if some relevant aspects should be improved. First of all, to have real time notifications about lift possibilities. In addition, a mechanism to increase trust should be introduced: people hardly offer a lift to strangers. This work shows a trust-based algorithm to encourage people interested to carpooling as alternative way to move themselves inside or outside cities. The proposed algorithm, that assigns priority to users with positive feedbacks through a fuzzy logic scheme, has the specific goal to increase the level of trust, decreasing significantly the possibility that, during a trip, unpleasant episodes occur.
Job recommendation with Hawkes process (2016)

The RecSys Challenge 2016 focuses on the prediction of users' interest in clicking a job posting in the career-oriented social networking site Xing. Given users' profile, the content of the job posting, as well as the historical activities of users, we aim in recommending top job postings to users for the coming week. This paper introduces the winning strategy for such a recommendation task. We summarize several key components that result in our leading position in this contest. First, we build a hierarchical pairwise model with ensemble learning as the overall prediction framework. Second, we integrate both content and behavior information in our feature engineering process. In particular, we model the temporal activity pattern using a self-exciting point process, namely Hawkes Process, to generate the most relevant recommendation at the right moment. Finally, we also tackle the challenging cold start issue using a semantic based strategy that is built on the topic modeling with the users profiling information. Our approach achieved the highest leader-board and full scores among all the submissions.
Gesture recognition implemented on a personal limited device (2017)

For a biometrics system, one of the principal challenges is to protect the biometric reference template, as if a malicious individual is able to obtain this template, the genuine user would not be able to reuse the biometric for any application. A solution may be to use a new form of authentication based on gesture recognition. This type of authentication has the added advantage that in the case of compromise, the gesture can be changed yet still retain the advantages of the biometric input. In this paper, we investigate whether it is feasible to implement a Gesture Recognition system on a personal limited device such as a smart card. To do this, we set out an experiment using sample gestures based on practical results of gesture authentication trials and an optimised version of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm to analyse the data captured. We implemented them on both a contact Smart Card (SC) and the more powerful Samsung Galaxy S4 mobile phone, using Host Card Emulation (HCE). The result of this experiment was that it would take around a minute for the SC and a second for HCE.
Estrogen rapidly induces the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein in rat brain. (1996)

Estrogen treatment of ovariectomized rats rapidly increases immunoreactivity for the phosphorylated form of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)in neurons of the preoptic area and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. These effects were detected within 15 minutes after estrogen exposure. Since the antisera used for these studies detect CREB phosphorylation at ser133, which is important for transcriptional activation these data provide a possible explanation for estrogen's effects on neuronal genes lacking estrogen response elements (EREs) but which contain cAMP response elements (CREs). These data also provide evidence for non-genomic effects of steroid hormones involving protein kinase associated signal transduction pathways traditionally associated with effects at the cell membrane.
The Combined Effects of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor as a Differentiation Induction Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. (1993)

A 61-year-old male with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) had been in complete remission for the previous 15 months, but his APL relapsed with neutropenia. Although promyelocytes in bone marrow were reduced after administration of 60 mg all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) daily, myelocytes were predominant on the myelogram and neutropenia did not recover. By adding 75 micrograms of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) daily, neutrophils accounted for 35.0-55.5% of the myelogram, and the peripheral neutrophil count rose dramatically. Such morphological differentiation of myeloid series was also ascertained in terms of their functions of both neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity and active oxygen producing capacity. This case supports the concept that G-CSF accelerates ATRA-induced neutrophilic differentiation of blast cells in APL.
Relevant, Irredundant Feature Selection and Noisy Example Elimination (2004)

In many real-world situations, the method for computing the desired output from a set of inputs is unknown. One strategy for solving these types of problems is to learn the input-output functionality from examples in a training set. However, in many situations it is difficult to know what information is relevant to the task at hand. Subsequently, researchers have investigated ways to deal with the so-called problem of consistency of attributes, i.e., attributes that can distinguish examples from different classes. In this paper, we first prove that the notion of relevance of attributes is directly related to the consistency of attributes, and show how relevant, irredundant attributes can be selected. We then compare different relevant attribute selection algorithms, and show the superiority of algorithms that select irredundant attributes over those that select relevant attributes. We also show that searching for an "optimal" subset of attributes, which is considered to be the main purpose of attribute selection, is not the best way to improve the accuracy of classifiers. Employing sets of relevant, irredundant attributes improves classification accuracy in many more cases. Finally, we propose a new method for selecting relevant examples, which is based on filtering the so-called pattern frequency domain. By identifying examples that are nontypical in the determination of relevant, irredundant attributes, irrelevant examples can be eliminated prior to the learning process. Empirical results using artificial and real databases show the effectiveness of the proposed method in selecting relevant examples leading to improved performance even on greatly reduced training sets.
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells consist of rapidly dividing and quiescent subpopulations (P1179) (2013)

Abstract While Treg exhibit an anergic phenotype in vitro, Treg proliferate in vivo at a rate similar to memory phenotype (MP; defined as CD44hi, CD62Llo) CD4+ T cells. In short-term BrdU labeling experiments, both populations uptake the label at a rate of 6% to 10% of cells in a 24-hour period. However, MP T cells are made up of multiple cell populations that proliferate at different rates and short-term labeling experiments only label the rapidly dividing population. To address whether Treg may also consist of multiple populations of cells dividing at different rates, we conducted long-term labeling experiments by providing BrdU in the drinking water. Adult thymectomized mice were used to control for new T cell development. In mice labeled for 20 days, only ~60% of the Treg were BrdU positive suggesting that a significant population of Treg is non-proliferative. BrdU incorporation was positively correlated with the level of CD44 expression on Treg and nondividing Treg uniquely expressed the cell surface marker Ly-6C. Ly-6C positivity represented a stable phenotype of Treg, as sorted Ly-6C negative and positive Treg retained their respective Ly-6C expression following adoptive transfer into a naïve host. These findings suggest that Treg are made up of rapidly dividing and quiescent subpopulations. The functional significance of these distinct populations is being investigated.
A NEW MEMBER OF THE PSITTACOSIS-LYMPHOGRANULOMA GROUP OF VIRUSES THAT CAUSES INFECTION IN CALVES (1951)

From portions of intestine and feces of apparently normal calves, a virus that produces elementary bodies was procured in guinea pigs and in embryonated eggs. Morphologically and tinctorially this virus closely resembled members of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group of viruses and it shared a common antigen or antigens with them. Comparison of serological, pathogenic, and other properties indicated that this virus from calves is a new member of the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma group and in keeping with classification practices it is provisionally named Miyagawanella bovis. Miyagawanella bovis when fed to experimental calves established an infection in the intestinal tract that resembled the inapparent infection seen in natural cases but failed to produce evident disease. Ability of the virus to infect experimental animals by feeding, and its presence in feces of infected animals indicate its natural mode of spread. This method of dissemination and persistence of virus for long periods of time in infected animals suggested the virus should be widespread and more than 60 per cent of the calves in the vicinity of lthaca were found to be infected.
Carrier confinement by multiple quantum barriers in 1.55 μm strained GaInAs/AlGaInAs quantum well lasers (1995)

Carrier confinement performance by multiple quantum barriers (MQB) is demonstrated in 1.55 μm strained GaInAs/AlGaInAs multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The strained MQW lasers with MQB at p-side optical confinement layer show larger characteristic temperature and slope efficiency at high temperature than those without MQB. It is also shown that the MQW lasers with MQB have less spontaneous emission from the optical confinement layer than the lasers without MQB. As another important result, it is demonstrated for the first time that the MQW lasers with MQB have less dependency of the K factor on the temperature than the lasers without MQB. These results further verify the effective carrier confinement performance of GaInAs/AlInAs MQB structure.
INDIGNIDADE SUCESSORIA E DESERDACAO: ANALISE DAS ALTERACOES PROPOSTAS PELO PROJETO DE LEI No 867, DE 2011, NO AMBITO DA JURISPRUDENCIA DOS 27 TRIBUNAIS DE JUSTICA BRASILEIROS (2016)

The Bill of Law n. 867/2011, pending in the House of Representatives, changes the disciplineof inheritance exclusion institutes ”“ succession indignity and disinheritance. From thejurisprudence of the Brazilian state courts, this article aims to examine whether the changesbrought incorporate current jurisprudential trends or, on the contrary, innovate completely inthe legal treatment of the subject. Therefore, it is made comparative exposure of PL 867/2011based on the current discipline of succession exclusion, as well as an examination of each ofthe proposed amendments in light of the understanding of the courts.
A Higher-Order CRF Model for Road Network Extraction (2013)

The aim of this work is to extract the road network from aerial images. What makes the problem challenging is the complex structure of the prior: roads form a connected network of smooth, thin segments which meet at junctions and crossings. This type of a-priori knowledge is more difficult to turn into a tractable model than standard smoothness or co-occurrence assumptions. We develop a novel CRF formulation for road labeling, in which the prior is represented by higher-order cliques that connect sets of super pixels along straight line segments. These long-range cliques have asymmetric P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</sup> -potentials, which express a preference to assign all rather than just some of their constituent super pixels to the road class. Thus, the road likelihood is amplified for thin chains of super pixels, while the CRF is still amenable to optimization with graph cuts. Since the number of such cliques of arbitrary length is huge, we furthermore propose a sampling scheme which concentrates on those cliques which are most relevant for the optimization. In experiments on two different databases the model significantly improves both the per-pixel accuracy and the topological correctness of the extracted roads, and outperforms both a simple smoothness prior and heuristic rule-based road completion.
Enhanced Machine Learning Techniques for Early HARQ Feedback Prediction in 5G (2019)

We investigate Early Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (E-HARQ) feedback schemes enhanced by machine learning techniques as a path towards ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC). To this end, we propose machine learning methods to predict the outcome of the decoding process ahead of the end of the transmission. We discuss different input features and classification algorithms ranging from traditional methods to newly developed supervised autoencoders. These methods are evaluated based on their prospects of complying with the URLLC requirements of effective block error rates below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> at small latency overheads. We provide realistic performance estimates in a system model incorporating scheduling effects to demonstrate the feasibility of E-HARQ across different signal-to-noise ratios, subcode lengths, channel conditions and system loads, and show the benefit over regular HARQ and existing E-HARQ schemes without machine learning.