gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hall effect imaging (1998)

This paper presents a new imaging method based on the classical Hall effect (HE), which describes the origin of a detectable voltage from a conductive object moving in a magnetic field. HE images are formed using ultrasound imaging techniques in a magnetic field. These images reflect the electrical properties of the sample. To demonstrate the feasibility of this method, images of plastic and biological samples are collected. The contrast mechanism and signal-to-noise issues are discussed. Since electrical parameters vary widely among tissue types and pathological states, HE imaging may be a useful tool for biological research and medical diagnosis.
A general graph-based framework for top-N recommendation using content, temporal and trust information (2019)

Recommending appropriate items to users is crucial in many e-commerce platforms that contain implicit data as users' browsing, purchasing and streaming history. One common approach consists in selecting the N most relevant items to each user, for a given N, which is called top-N recommendation. To do so, recommender systems rely on various kinds of information, like item and user features, past interest of users for items, browsing history and trust between users. However, they often use only one or two such pieces of information, which limits their performance. In this paper, we design and implement GraFC2T2, a general graph-based framework to easily combine and compare various kinds of side information for top-N recommendation. It encodes content-based features, temporal and trust information into a complex graph, and uses personalized PageRank on this graph to perform recommendation. We conduct experiments on Epinions and Ciao datasets, and compare obtained performances using F1-score, Hit ratio and MAP evaluation metrics, to systems based on matrix factorization and deep learning. This shows that our framework is convenient for such explorations, and that combining different kinds of information indeed improves recommendation in general.
Measurement of H2, D2 solubilities in Zr–Al (1982)

We have measured solubility constants for hydrogen and deuterium in the Zr–Al alloy to be: KH = exp [11.1(5)−16900(600)/T] [Torr/(Torr⋅1/g)2] and KD = exp [12.2(8)−16800(600)/T] [Torr/(Torr⋅1/g)2], respectively, where K is defined implicitly by P = Kq2 with P the equilibrium pressure (in Torr) and q the bulk concentration (in Torr⋅l/g). These values, in conjunction with a model for the solubility, predict that the constant for tritium, KT ∠4KH. Consequently, the regeneration of tritium will be faster by a factor of 4 over that for hydrogen at the same temperature, or the tritium regeneration temperature can be reduced∠50 K compared to hydrogen for the same regeneration time.
Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy and Application to the Study of Brownian Motion of Biopolymers (1979)

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is based on the fluctuation of the number of fluorescing particles in a small volume element. These fluctuations can be caused by translational and rotational motion as well as by chemical reactions. From the autocorrelation function of these fluctuations information about these processes can be obtained.
Identification and Characterization of RRM-containing Coactivator Activator (CoAA) as TRBP-interacting Protein, and Its Splice Variant as a Coactivator Modulator (CoAM) (2001)

We previously cloned and characterized thyroid hormone receptor-binding protein (TRBP) as an LXXLL-containing general coactivator that associates with coactivator complexes through its C terminus. To identify protein cofactors for TRBP action, a Sos-Ras yeast two-hybrid cDNA library was screened using TRBP C terminus as bait. A novel coactivator was isolated, coactivator activator (CoAA), that specifically associates with TRBP. Human CoAA is composed of 669 amino acids with a TRBP-interacting domain and two highly conserved RNA recognition motifs (RRM) commonly found in ribonucleoproteins. A splice variant lacking the entire TRBP-interacting domain was also isolated as a coactivator modulator (CoAM), a 156-amino acid protein containing only the RRM region. Human CoAA and CoAM mRNAs are encoded by a single gene located on chromosome 11q13; alternative splicing in exon 2 of CoAA yields CoAM. CoAA interacts with both TRBP and p300 in vitro. In addition, CoAA potently coactivates transcription mediated by multiple hormone-response elements and acts synergistically with TRBP and CREB-binding protein (CBP). Furthermore, CoAA is associated with the DNA-dependent protein kinase-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase complex. Strikingly, CoAM, which lacks a TRBP-interacting domain, strongly represses both TRBP and CBP action suggesting that CoAM may modulate endogenous CoAA function. These data suggest that CoAA may serve as a mediator of coactivators such as TRBP in gene activation.
The Idea of Health (1981)

Head, Family and Community Section Program Director Community Health and School Health School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Solubilization and purification of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) from Dunn osteosarcoma. (1981)

The 4 M GuHCl soluble proteins of Dunn osteosarcoma were fractionated in two steps by means of CsCl density gradient centrifugation. Further purification of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was accomplished by molecular sieve techniques utilizing thin-channel diafiltration (Amicon), Sepharose CL-6B and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. Partially purified BMP fractions were analyzed by electrophoresis on 7.5% SDS polyacrylamide gel. The molecular weight of BMP active fractions ranges from 30,000 to a few thousand daltons. BMP may be one of the two proteins of MW of 12,500 and 16,000 daltons.
Nonlinear Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Gaussian Processes (2011)

We present a probabilistic algorithm for nonlinear inverse reinforcement learning. The goal of inverse reinforcement learning is to learn the reward function in a Markov decision process from expert demonstrations. While most prior inverse reinforcement learning algorithms represent the reward as a linear combination of a set of features, we use Gaussian processes to learn the reward as a nonlinear function, while also determining the relevance of each feature to the expert’s policy. Our probabilistic algorithm allows complex behaviors to be captured from suboptimal stochastic demonstrations, while automatically balancing the simplicity of the learned reward structure against its consistency with the observed actions. 1
Spectral filtering in pulsed photothermal temperature profiling of collagen tissue phantoms (2009)

We present an experimental comparison of pulsed photothermal (PPT) profiling in collagen-based tissue phantoms utilizing different midinfrared spectral bands. Laser-induced temperature profiles are reconstructed using a custom optimization code within the customary monochromatic approximation. Both experimental results and a detailed numerical simulation of the procedure demonstrate that, despite the associated reduction of signal-to-noise ratio, appropriate spectral filtering reduces the broadening of temperature peaks and thus improves the accuracy of temperature profiling. For our experimental system, best performance is obtained when applying a long-pass filter with cut-on wavelength at 3.4-3.8 microm. Because our collagen gel mimics infrared and thermal properties of human skin, we believe that this conclusion is transferrable to PPT radiometric profiling of human skin in vivo.
A parallel-detection frequency-domain near-infrared tomography system for hemoglobin imaging of the breast <i>in vivo</i> (2001)

A novel near-infrared frequency-domain system designed for tomographic breast imaging is described. The setup utilizes five optical wavelengths, from 660 to 826 nm, and parallel detection with 16 photomultiplier tubes. Direct fiberoptic coupling with the tissue is achieved with a high precision positioning device using 16 motorized actuators (0.5 μm precision) arranged radially in a circular geometry. Images of breast tissue optical absorption and reduced scattering coefficients are obtained using a Newton-type reconstruction algorithm to solve for the optimal fit between the measurement data and predicted data from a finite element solution to the frequency-domain diffusion equation. The design, calibration, and performance of the tomographic imaging system are detailed. Data acquisition from the system requires under 30 s for a single tomographic slice at one optical wavelength with a measurement repeatability for a single phantom on average of 0.5% in ac intensity and 0.4° in phase. Absorbing and scattering phantoms typical of in vivo breast optical properties were imaged over a range of object-to-background contrasts (50%–250%). The reconstructed absorption and scattering images are accurate to within 20% of the expected value.
The murein hydrolases of Escherichia coli: properties, functions and impact on the course of infections in vivo (1991)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Measurement-based quantum repeaters (2012)

We introduce measurement-based quantum repeaters, where small-scale measurement-based quantum processors are used to perform entanglement purification and entanglement swapping in a long-range quantum communication protocol. In the scheme, preprepared entangled states stored at intermediate repeater stations are coupled with incoming photons by simple Bell measurements, without the need of performing additional quantum gates. We show how to construct the required resource states, and how to minimize their size. We analyze the performance of the scheme under noise and imperfections, with focus on small-scale implementations involving entangled states of few qubits. We find measurement-based purification protocols with significantly improved noise thresholds. Furthermore we show that resource states of small size suffice to significantly increase the maximal communication distance. We also discuss possible advantages of our scheme for different setups.
MLSE multiple co-channel interference canceling with channel estimation for future mobile radios (2002)

The basic performance of a multiple co-channel interference canceler assisted by channel estimation and diversity is clarified. It is assumed that the receiver knows the unique-word or identification code of each interfering signal. A simplified Viterbi algorithm for multiple co-channel interference cancellation is proposed and the error performance is clarified.
Unique MicroRNA Signature and Clinical Outcome of Cancers (2007)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-protein-coding RNAs (18-25 nucleotides) that conduct the post-transcriptional repression of hundreds of their target proteins. They regulate many kinds of basic cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, stress response, and cell death. Recent evidence has shown that deregulation of miRNAs correlates with certain features of diverse cancers (such as tumorigenesis, differentiation status, and outcome of tumor patients), and indicates that miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Here, we summarize these recent studies and provide a new perspective on understanding the role of miRNAs in initiation and progression of cancers. We also discuss the future applications of miRNAs in diagnostic and prognostic implications of cancers.
Forest Fire Insurance in the Pacific Coast States (1935)

Abstract Private capital must either be insured against risk or compensated for assuming it. Even with excellent forest protection the risk to private capital in forestry in comparison with probable returns generally remains so great that insurance would aid in interesting the investor in the forest business. Mr. Shepard herewith summarizes some of his findings of his painstaking investigation.--P. A. Herbert.
Ionomeric blends. 3. Miscibility enhancement via ionic interactions in polyurethane-styrene blends (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIonomeric blends. 3. Miscibility enhancement via ionic interactions in polyurethane-styrene blendsM. Rutkowska and A. EisenbergCite this: Macromolecules 1984, 17, 4, 821–824Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00134a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00134a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel TEM waveguide using uniplanar compact photonic-bandgap (UC-PBG) structure (1999)

A novel waveguide using a photonic bandgap (PBG) structure is presented. The PBG structure is a two-dimensional square lattice with each cell consisting of metal pads and four connecting lines, which are etched on a conductor-backed Duroid substrate. This uniplanar compact PBG structure realizes a magnetic surface in the stopband and is used in the waveguide walls to provide magnetic boundary conditions. A relatively uniform field distribution along the cross section has been measured at frequencies from 9.4 to 10.4 GHz. Phase velocities close to the speed of light have also been observed in the stopband, indicating that TEM mode has been established. A recently developed quasi-Yagi antenna has been employed as a broad-band and efficient waveguide transition. Meanwhile, full-wave simulations using the finite-difference time-domain method provide accurate predictions for the characteristics of both the perfect magnetic conductor impedance surface and the waveguide structure. This novel waveguide structure should find a wide range of applications in different areas, including quasi-optical power combining and the electromagnetic compatibility testing.
Hybrid Integrate-and-Fire Model of a Bursting Neuron (2003)

We present a reduction of a Hodgkin-Huxley (HH)--style bursting model to a hybridized integrate-and-fire (IF) formalism based on a thorough bifurcation analysis of the neuron's dynamics. The model incorporates HH--style equations to evolve the subthreshold currents and includes IF mechanisms to characterize spike events and mediate interactions between the subthreshold and spiking currents. The hybrid IF model successfully reproduces the dynamic behavior and temporal characteristics of the full model over a wide range of activity, including bursting and tonic firing. Comparisons of timed computer simulations of the reduced model and the original model for both single neurons and moderately sized networks (n < or = 500) show that this model offers improvement in computational speed over the HH--style bursting model.
White Light from Mn<sup>2+</sup>-Doped CdS Nanocrystals:  A New Approach (2007)

We report the generation of white light from a simple transition-metal-doped semiconducting nanocrystal, namely, Mn2+-doped CdS, for the first time by suitably tuning the relative surface-state emissions of the nanocrystal host and the dopant emission. White light emitted by these nanocrystals remains unchanged both in solution form as well as in the solid state and can be excited by a wide range of UV lights without disturbing the chromaticity; this desirable property arises from the intrinsic separation of the absorption energy and the emission energies due to a large stokes shift, thereby avoiding the vexing problem of self-absorption altogether.
Update on Treatment Guideline in Fibromyalgia Syndrome with Focus on Pharmacology (2017)

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic condition with unknown aetiology. The pathophysiology of the disease is incompletely understood; despite advances in our knowledge with regards to abnormal central and peripheral pain processing, and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction, there is no clear specific pathophysiological therapeutic target. The management of this complex condition has thus perplexed the medical community for many years, and several national and international guidelines have aimed to address this complexity. The most recent guidelines from European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) (2016), Canadian Pain Society (2012), and The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) (2012) highlight the change in attitudes regarding the overall approach to FMS, but offer varying advice with regards to the use of pharmacological agents. Amitriptyline, Pregabalin and Duloxetine are used most commonly in FMS and though modestly effective, are useful adjunctive treatment to non-pharmaceutical measures.
Chk1/2 Inhibition Overcomes the Cisplatin Resistance of Head and Neck Cancer Cells Secondary to the Loss of Functional p53 (2013)

Despite the use of multimodality therapy using cisplatin to treat patients with advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), there is an unacceptably high rate of treatment failure. TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in HNSCC, and the impact of p53 mutation on response to cisplatin treatment is poorly understood. Here, we show unambiguously that wild-type TP53 (wtp53) is associated with sensitivity of HNSCC cells to cisplatin treatment, whereas mutation or loss of TP53 is associated with cisplatin resistance. We also show that senescence is the major cellular response to cisplatin in wtp53 HNSCC cells and that cisplatin resistance in p53-null or -mutant TP53 cells is due to their lack of senescence. Given the dependence on checkpoint kinase (Chk)1/2 kinases to mediate the DNA damage response in p53-deficient cells, there is potential to exploit this to therapeutic advantage through targeted inhibition of the Chk1/2 kinases. Treatment of p53-deficient HNSCC cells with the Chk inhibitor AZD7762 sensitizes them to cisplatin through induction of mitotic cell death. This is the first report showing the ability of a Chk kinase inhibitor to sensitize TP53-deficient HNSCC to cisplatin in a synthetic lethal manner, which has significance given the frequency of TP53 mutations in this disease and because cisplatin has become part of standard therapy for aggressive HNSCC tumors. These preclinical data provide evidence that a personalized approach to the treatment of HNSCC based on Chk inhibition in p53-mutant tumors may be feasible.
Molecule-Substrate Vibration of CO on Ni(100) Studied by Infrared-Emission Spectroscopy (1984)

A novel infrared-emission technique has been used to make the first measurement of the linewidth of a molecule-substrate vibrational mode on a well characterized single-crystal surface. At saturation coverage, the observed linewidth of the C-Ni mode of CO on Ni(100) is 15 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. This result is in agreement with predictions for broadening due to deexcitation by two-phonon emission.
Superfast, Porous, and Organic Solvent-Sensitive Actuator Based on EVOH Nanofibrous Membrane and PS Microspheres (2018)

Despite much progress in solvent-sensitive actuators, most of the actuators are sensitive to water, ethanol, or acetone with low responsive speed and small curvature. Herein, a simple approach was introduced to fabricate a new solvent-sensitive bilayer actuator consisting of a poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (EVOH) nanofibrous membrane and polystyrene (PS) microspheres. The actuator showed superfast and multistimulus responsive ability to organic vapors of toluene, chloroform, THF, and acetone. With solvents stimulation, the difference in swelling degree between the EVOH layer and PS microspheres layer contributed to the asymmetric expansions or contractions of two layers, therefore resulting in the mechanical deformation of the actuator. The flexible and porous EVOH nanofibrous membrane, as well as the spherical PS, could improve the response rate and deformation scale. This bilayer actuator could bend quickly into a multicoil with the curvature of 21.02 cm–1 within 0.15 s in response to toluene vapor, and the bending–unbending process could repeat more than 150 times when the deformation degree was controlled by cross-linking PS microspheres with divinylbenzene. This study will provide an important insight for the development of new solvent-sensitive devices and applications in volatile organic compounds detecting.
Long-lasting beneficial effects of central serotonin receptor 7 stimulation in female mice modeling Rett syndrome (2015)

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by severe behavioral and physiological symptoms. Mutations in the methyl CpG binding protein 2 gene (MECP2) cause more than 95% of classic cases, and currently there is no cure for this devastating disorder. Recently we have demonstrated that specific behavioral and brain molecular alterations can be rescued in MeCP2-308 male mice, a RTT mouse model, by pharmacological stimulation of the brain serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R). This member of the serotonin receptor family-crucially involved in the regulation of brain structural plasticity and cognitive processes-can be stimulated by systemic repeated treatment with LP-211, a brain-penetrant selective 5-HT7R agonist. The present study extends previous findings by demonstrating that the LP-211 treatment (0.25 mg/kg, once per day for 7 days) rescues RTT-related phenotypic alterations, motor coordination (Dowel test), spatial reference memory (Barnes maze test) and synaptic plasticity (hippocampal long-term-potentiation) in MeCP2-308 heterozygous female mice, the genetic and hormonal milieu that resembles that of RTT patients. LP-211 also restores the activation of the ribosomal protein (rp) S6, the downstream target of mTOR and S6 kinase, in the hippocampus of RTT female mice. Notably, the beneficial effects on neurobehavioral and molecular parameters of a seven-day long treatment with LP-211 were evident up to 2 months after the last injection, thus suggesting long-lasting effects on RTT-related impairments. Taken together with our previous study, these results provide compelling preclinical evidence of the potential therapeutic value for RTT of a pharmacological approach targeting the brain 5-HT7R.