gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near‐cognate suppression of amber, opal and quadruplet codons competes with aminoacyl‐tRNA<sup>Pyl</sup> for genetic code expansion (2012)

Over 300 amino acids are found in proteins in nature, yet typically only 20 are genetically encoded. Reassigning stop codons and use of quadruplet codons emerged as the main avenues for genetically encoding non-canonical amino acids (NCAAs). Canonical aminoacyl-tRNAs with near-cognate anticodons also read these codons to some extent. This background suppression leads to 'statistical protein' that contains some natural amino acid(s) at a site intended for NCAA. We characterize near-cognate suppression of amber, opal and a quadruplet codon in common Escherichia coli laboratory strains and find that the PylRS/tRNA(Pyl) orthogonal pair cannot completely outcompete contamination by natural amino acids.
CoREST: A functional corepressor required for regulation of neural-specific gene expression (1999)

Several genes encoding proteins critical to the neuronal phenotype, such as the brain type II sodium channel gene, are expressed to high levels only in neurons. This cell specificity is due, in part, to long-term repression in nonneural cells mediated by the repressor protein REST/NRSF (RE1 silencing transcription factor/neural-restrictive silencing factor). We show here that CoREST, a newly identified human protein, functions as a corepressor for REST. A single zinc finger motif in REST is required for CoREST interaction. Mutations of the motif that disrupt binding also abrogate repression. When fused to a Gal4 DNA-binding domain, CoREST functions as a repressor. CoREST is present in cell lines that express REST, and the proteins are found in the same immunocomplex. CoREST contains two SANT (SW13/ADA2/NCoR/TFIIIB B) domains, a structural feature of the nuclear receptor and silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid human receptors (SMRT)-extended corepressors that mediate inducible repression by steroid hormone receptors. Together, REST and CoREST mediate repression of the type II sodium channel promoter in nonneural cells, and the REST/CoREST complex may mediate long-term repression essential to maintenance of cell identity.
The Influence of Pc6 on Cardiovascular Disorders: A Review of Central Neural Mechanisms (2012)

PC6 is a classic acupuncture point in traditional Chinese medicine. It is considered to be effective when treating cardiovascular disorders. In the present review the authors have focused on the neurophysiological bases of the effects of PC6 stimulation on cardiovascular mechanisms. Experimental studies have shown that the hypothalamic rostral ventrolateral medulla, arcuate nucleus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray are involved in acupuncture attenuation of sympathoexcitatory cardiovascular reflex responses. This long-loop pathway also appears to contribute to the long-lasting, acupuncture-mediated attenuation of sympathetic premotor outflow and excitatory cardiovascular reflex responses. Acupuncture of PC6 modulates the activity in the cardiovascular system, an effect that may be attributed to attenuation of sympathoexcitatory cardiovascular reflex responses.
Characteristics and Technologies for Long- vs. Short-Term Energy Storage: A Study by the DOE Energy Storage Systems Program (2001)

This report describes the results of a study on stationary energy storage technologies for a range of applications that were categorized according to storage duration (discharge time): long or short. The study was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy through the Energy Storage Systems Program. A wide variety of storage technologies were analyzed according to performance capabilities, cost projects, and readiness to serve these many applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are presented.
Streaming video-based 3D reconstruction method compatible with existing monoscopic and stereoscopic endoscopy systems (2012)

Compared to open surgery, minimal invasive surgery offers reduced trauma and faster recovery. However, lack of direct view limits space perception. Stereo-endoscopy improves depth perception, but is still restricted to the direct endoscopic field-of-view. We describe a novel technology that reconstructs 3D-panoramas from endoscopic video streams providing a much wider cumulative overview. The method is compatible with any endoscope. We demonstrate that it is possible to generate photorealistic 3D-environments from mono- and stereoscopic endoscopy. The resulting 3D-reconstructions can be directly applied in simulators and e-learning. Extended to real-time processing, the method looks promising for telesurgery or other remote vision-guided tasks.
Spin-dependent tunnel junctions with ZrOx barriers (2001)

Spin-dependent tunnel junctions with crystalline ZrOx barriers were fabricated, with tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) reaching 20% and a resistance×area product of 24 k Ω μm2, after annealing at 260 °C. Effective barrier height and thickness are 1.6 eV and 10.6 Å, respectively. The ZrOx barriers were fabricated by rf plasma oxidation of a 5 Å thick Zr layer. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry were used to characterize the as-deposited barrier. Both ZrO and ZrO2 phases are present, together with (CoFe)Ox. Upon annealing, the interfacial oxygen moves into the barrier, resulting in an increase of TMR from 2% to 19.2%, an increase of barrier height from 0.3 to 1.6 eV, and a reduction of barrier thickness from 18.5 to 10.5 Å.
Analysis of donor criteria for the prediction of outcome in clinical liver transplantation. (1987)

The results of 219 orthotopic human liver transplants performed during 1985 at the University of Pittsburgh were reviewed to determine whether donor parameters could be used to predict the quality of early graft function. Multivariate discriminant analysis demonstrated that traditional parameters of donor assessment are unreliable predictors of poor graft function. Furthermore, 56% of the donors considered poor by conservative selection criteria produced livers with good early posttransplant function. Survival of recipients of primary allografts from donors rated poor was no different than survival of recipients of allografts from donors rated good.
Determination of trace impurities in toluene by gas chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1977)

ガスクロマトグラフィー-化学イオン化質量分析法(GC-CIMS法)により高純度試薬トルエン中の微量不純物17種類(2-メチルブタン,n-ペンタン,二硫化炭素,シクロペンタン,2-メチルペンタン,3-メチルペンタン,n-ヘキサン,メチルシクロペンタン,ベンゼン,シクロヘキサン,n-ヘプタン,メチルシクロヘキサン,3-メチルチオフェン,エチルベンゼン,p-,m-,o-キシレン)の定量を試みた.CIスペクトルにおいて出現する擬分子イオン(M±1)+は各成分に特異的で,その質量数を用いたマスフラグメントグラフィーにより,GC法,ガスクロマトグラフィー-電子衝撃質量分析法(GC-EIMS法)よりも高感度で高選択的測定ができた.定量下限は(10～50)pgで予備濃縮することなく,ppbレベルの定量が可能であった.
Prediction of Thermodynamic Parameters in Gas Chromatography from Molecular Structure:  Hydrocarbons (2004)

Theoretical prediction of gas-chromatographic retention times could be used as an additional method for a more accurate identification of organic compounds during GC/MS analysis. Two separate quantitative structure-property relationship models were introduced for the calculation of thermodynamic values (DeltaH degrees, DeltaS degrees) for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. These values are required for the calculation of retention times in temperature programmed gas chromatography. Seven-descriptor and five-descriptor MLR models were selected for the calculation of DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees values, respectively, based on the best cross-validation abilities. The final prediction capabilities of the models were evaluated by a test set procedure. RMS errors calculated from the test set were 207 cal mol(-1) and 0.58 cal mol(-1) K(-1) for DeltaH degrees and DeltaS degrees prediction models, respectively. To evaluate the error of the models represented in the time scale, several chromatograms were simulated using experimental Pro ezGC and theoretically calculated thermodynamic data. Afterward a standard deviation of retention time residuals was calculated. It was found out that, although the standard deviation varies from one chromatographic condition to another, the ratio between the standard deviation and the maximum available separation space for the particular set of organic compounds remains constant and was around 5% of the maximum separation space available at selected chromatographic conditions. Our prediction model was able to accurately differentiate between the retention times of the consecutive compounds in the n-alkanes, 1-alkenes, and 2-alkenes homological series.
Managing grievances in the age of post-politics (2019)

In the last five years, Myanmar’s transition away from military governance has garnered much attention from analysts and scholars. Yet this attention has often focussed on the question of how far the country has moved from constrained authoritarianism to a new era of open democracy based on international norms. Far less consideration has been given to the ways that a new era of ‘international standards’, and of participation and democracy, might have its own new mechanisms for constraint, co-option, or defusing of citizen voices. Rapid political and economic liberalisation has meant that there has been a stark shift in the culture of governance—particularly around the implementation of new development projects and the displacement of local populations. The example of the Thilawa Special Economic Zone (SEZ), near Yangon, and the development of a complaints mechanism for displaced communities, demonstrates the rapid infusion of ‘post-political’, consensual forms of governance into Myanmar’s urban development. Yet the context is also characterised not by the elimination of political and ideological struggle, but rather its emergence in new and unexpected sites. In this case the seemingly technocratic mechanism of the complaints procedure has been a central focus of contest as various actors struggle over who has claim to ‘international standards’. However, in resisting using ‘international standards’ to resist the process of implementation of the SEZ, citizens and activists also serve to bolster the new mechanics of technocratic governance.
Collateral formation and clinical variables in obstructive coronary artery disease: the influence of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus (2003)

By univariate analysis, including variables such as age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and ejection fraction, the only variable that was found more frequently in patients with greater AAC grade was hypercholesterolemia (59%, 63%, 71% and 78% in patients with AAC grade 0, 1, 2 and 3, P = 0.003). Ejection fraction tended to be more preserved in patients with greater AAC score (46%, 48%, 51% and 54% in patients with AAC grade 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively, P = 0.052). Diabetes mellitus was the only factor that was negatively associated with MBS (23%, 22%, 18% and 16% in patients with MBS grade 0, 1, 2 and 3, P = 0.01). Using a multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict maximal AAC grade, the only independent predictor found was hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio = 1.3, confidence limits = 1.05-1.9, P = 0.048). Diabetes mellitus was the only predictor found to be negatively associated with MBS (odds ratio = 0.72, confidence limits = 0.46-0.98, P = 0.04). It is concluded that collateral grade is associated with hypercholesterolemia and myocardial blush is negatively associated with diabetes mellitus. These findings may reflect a conflicting impact of hypercolesterolemia and diabetes mellitus upon collateral formation, leading to enhanced or depressed angiogenesis in response to obstructive coronary artery disease.
Characteristics of adults dying with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2002)

Study objective: To describe factors associated with COPD deaths in the United States.\nDesign: Cross-sectional survey.\nParticipants:A total of 12,803 decedents in the National Mortality Followback Survey, a nationally representative sample of US deaths in 1993.\nMethods: We compared the characteristics of adults ≥ 35 years of age who died with COPD (bronchitis, emphysema, chronic airway obstruction) with those dying without COPD listed on their death certificates.\nResults: Of the estimated 225,400 adults who died with COPD in 1993, 16.7% had never smoked. People dying with COPD were more likely than those dying without COPD to be current smokers (odds ratio [OR], 6.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3 to 9.9) or former smokers (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 2.5 to 5.3), have a history of asthma (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 3.2 to 7.8), be underweight (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.8 to 7.2), and be of the white race (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 2.4 to 4.0), after controlling for age group and sex.\nConclusions: A significant proportion of COPD-related deaths occurs in never-smokers. Factors such as a history of asthma and being underweight are associated with COPD mortality and may provide additional opportunities for intervention.
Synthesis and Self-Assembly of fcc Phase FePt Nanorods (2007)

We report a synthesis of FePt nanorods by confining decomposition of Fe(CO)5 and reduction of Pt(caca)2 in surfactant reverse cylindrical micelles. The controlled nucleation and growth kinetics in confined environment allows easy control over Fe/Pt composition, nanorod uniformity, and nanorod aspect ratio. The FePt nanorods tend to self-assemble into ordered arrays along three-dimensions. Directed assembly under external magnetic field leads to two-dimensional ordered arrays, parallel to the substrate magnetic field. We expect that with optimized external magnetic fields, we should be able to assemble these nanorods into orientated one or two-dimensional arrays, providing a uniform anisotropic magnetic platform for varied applications in enhanced data storage, magneto-electron transport, etc.
The Toll-like Receptor 3 Ligand, Poly(I:C), Improves Immunosuppressive Function and Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Sepsis via Inhibiting MiR-143 (2013)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for clinical therapeutic applications. Recent studies indicate MSCs express active Toll-like receptors (TLRs), but their effect on MSCs and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that, after treating human umbilical cord MSCs with various TLR ligands, only TLR3 ligand, poly(I:C), could significantly increase the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, poly(I:C) could enhance MSCs' anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages. Next, we focused on the regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the process of poly(I:C) activating MSCs. Our experiments indicated that miR-143 expression was significantly decreased in MSCs with poly(I:C) treatment, and the expression level of miR-143 could regulate the effect of poly(I:C) on MSCs' immunosuppressive function. Subsequent results showed that the reporter genes with putative miR-143 binding sites from the transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1) and COX-2 3' untranslated regions were downregulated in the presence of miR-143. In addition, mRNA and protein expression of TAK1 and COX-2 in MSCs was also downregulated with miR-143 overexpression, suggesting that TAK1 and COX-2 are target genes of miR-143 in MSCs. Consistent with miR-143 overexpression, TAK1 interference also attenuated MSCs' immunosuppressive function enhanced by poly(I:C). Additionally, it was shown that TLR3-activated MSCs could improve survival in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, while miR-143 overexpression reduced the effectiveness of this therapy. These results proved that poly(I:C) improved the immunosuppressive abilities of MSCs, revealed the regulatory role of miRNAs in the process, and may provide an opportunity for potential novel therapies for sepsis.
Illuminating Photoswitchable Catalysis (2013)

Through the realization of conceptually new approaches aimed at controlling chemical reactions using light, the field of photoswitchable catalysis has seen rapid development over the past three decades. Although many photoswitchable catalysts are heterogeneous and utilize photosensitive surfaces, such as TiO2 and CdSe, significant attention has also been directed toward homogeneous analogues, primarily by capitalizing on the steric changes that accompany the E -&gt; Z photoisomerizations of azobenzene or stilbene derivatives. More recently, photochromic diarylethene moieties have been used to switch the intrinsic catalytic activities and selectivities through alteration of the steric and electronic properties displayed by a supporting ligand. In addition to detailing the aforementioned advances, this perspective summarizes other important developments in photoswitchable catalysis and offers a viewpoint on the future outlook of the field.
Are Odors the Best Cues to Memory? A Cross‐Modal Comparison of Associative Memory Stimuli<sup>a</sup> (1998)

To test the claim that odors are the 'best' cues to memory, several cross-modal experiments were conducted in which odors were compared with verbal, visual, tactile and musical stimuli as associated memory cues. Each experiment comprised two sessions (encoding and retrieval) separated by 48 hr. At the encoding session, a series of stimuli were incidentally associated to a set of emotionally arousing pictures. At the retrieval session, memory accuracy and emotionality were assessed. Across experiments, results revealed that odors were equivalent to other stimuli in their ability to elicit accurate recall, but that odor-evoked memories were always more emotional. Notably, emotional responses did not vary as a function of stimulus type at encoding. These data indicate that emotional saliency, rather than accuracy, is responsible for the impression that odors are superior reminders, and that retrieval processes (cf. encoding processes) are responsible for the distinctive emotionality of odor-evoked memories.
Cytokine polymorphisms in women with recurrent pregnancy loss: Meta‐analysis (2008)

The available data are not consistent with more than modest associations between these candidate cytokine polymorphisms and RPL. Data from future association studies may be added to the meta-analyses to obtain more precise estimates of effect sizes.
OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION OF FAST DISSOLVING FILMS MADE OF PULLULAN POLYMER (2011)

This aim of the present study was to optimize the formulation of fast dissolving films made of pullulan polymer. The films formed from solvent casting method and subsequent evaporation of solvent resulted in pullulan forming a circular film. Pullulan was used as film forming agent due to excellent film forming property. PEG, propylene glycol, glycerine were used as plasticizers. Increasing pullulan concentration in formulation resulted in thick films as compared to lower concentration of same. Thickness of the film was controlled by adjusting the concentration of polymer. Higher concentration of polymer and plasticizer results in increase in-vitro disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution time of films. PEG forms white colored films i.e. translucent films. Films containing glycerin takes longer time to dry than films containing propylene glycol. Lower concentration of pullulan and propylene glycol showed optimum performances.
Impaired path integration in mice with disrupted grid cell firing (2017)

Path integration (PI) is a highly conserved, self-motion-based navigation strategy. Since the discovery of grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex, neurophysiological data and computational models have suggested that these neurons serve PI. However, more direct empirical evidence supporting this hypothesis has been missing due to a lack of selective manipulations of grid cell activity and suitable behavioral assessments. Here we report that selective disruption of grid cell activity in mice can be achieved by removing NMDA glutamate receptors from the retro-hippocampal region and that disrupted grid cell firing accounts for impaired PI performance. Notably, the genetic manipulation did not affect the activity of other spatially selective cells in the medial entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus. By directly linking grid cell activity to PI, these results contribute to a better understanding of how grid cells support navigation and spatial memory.
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Building on advanced results on permutations, we show that it is possible to construct, for each irreducible representation of SU(N), an orthonormal basis labeled by the set of standard Young tableaux in which the matrix of the Heisenberg SU(N) model (the quantum permutation of N-color objects) takes an explicit and extremely simple form. Since the relative dimension of the full Hilbert space to that of the singlet space on n sites increases very fast with N, this formulation allows us to extend exact diagonalizations of finite clusters to much larger values of N than accessible so far. Using this method, we show that, on the square lattice, there is long-range color order for SU(5), spontaneous dimerization for SU(8), and evidence in favor of a quantum liquid for SU(10).
Adaptive navigation support with public displays (2005)

In this paper, we describe a public navigation system which uses adaptive displays as directional signs. The displays are mounted to walls where they provide passersbys with directional information. Each sign is an autonomous, wirelessly networked digital displays connected to a central server. The signs are position-aware and able to adapt their display content in accordance with their current position. Advantages of such a navigation system include improved flexibility, dynamic adaptation and ease of setup and maintenance.
Multi-Channel Opportunistic Access Based on Primary ARQ Messages Overhearing (2011)

We consider an opportunistic channel access problem over multiple primary bands. We exploit primary ACK/NAK packets overhearing to overlay secondary communications on top of permanently busy primary channels. Through the theory of multi-armed restless bandit processes (MARB), we prove optimality of the myopic policy with a simple structure that does not require channel state-transition probabilities knowledge at the secondary users under certain conditions.
DART: the Designer's Augmented Reality Toolkit (2004)

This demonstration highlights the Designer's Augmented Reality Toolkit (DART), a system that allows users to easily create augmented reality (AR) experiences. Over the past year our research has focused on the creation of this toolkit that can be used by technologists, designers, and students alike to rapidly prototype AR applications. Current approaches to AR development involve extensive programming and content creation as well as knowledge of technical topics involving cameras, trackers, and 3D geometry. The result is that it is very difficult even for technologists to create AR experiences. Our goal was to eliminate these obstacles that prevent such users from being able to experiment with AR. The DART system is based on the Macromedia Director multimedia-programming environment, the de facto standard for multimedia content creation. DART uses the familiar Director paradigms of a score, sprites and behaviors to allow a user to visually create complex AR applications. DART also provides low-level support for the management of trackers, sensors, and camera via a Director plug-in Xtra. This demonstration will show the wide range of AR and other types of multimedia applications that can be created with DART, and visitors will have the opportunity to use DART to create their own experiences.