gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocatalyzed destruction of water contaminants (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocatalyzed destruction of water contaminantsDavid F. Ollis, Ezio Pelizzetti, and Nick SerponeCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1991, 25, 9, 1522–1529Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00021a001https://doi.org/10.1021/es00021a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3713Altmetric-Citations1039LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temperature-Stabilized 1.7-GHz Broad-Band Lumped-Element Circulator (1975)

A new construction technique for broad-banding and temperature stabilization of a lumped-element circulator is presented to obtain a compact circulator for practical usage. By using a new integrated wide-banding network consisting of three series resonant circuits on the back of the junction substrate, 1.7-GHz double-tuned and triple-tuned broad-band circulators have been successfully developed. Fundamental junction parameters, such as an in-phase eigeninductance, parasitic capacitance, and nonreciprocal filling factor, have been investigated experimentally. A design theory for temperature compensation of a lumped-element circulator is also presented, and temperature compensation with bias magnetic field of postitive temperature coefficient has been applied to the 1.7-GHz broad-band circulators. As a result, 20-dB isolation bandwidths of more than 600 MHz (double-tuned type) and 950 MHz (triple-tuned type) have been obtained throughout the temperature range of -10 ~ +60/spl deg/C.
Passive signal amplification via series-piezoelectric read-out (2017)

This paper describes an innovative method to passively amplify the output voltage in MEMS-based piezoelectric accelerometers through a series read-out scheme. In a conventional piezoelectric or capacitive MEMS sensor, output charge is collected by a single capacitor. Here, we present a monolithic accelerometer employing 15-element array of smaller piezoelectric capacitors formed between patterned top and bottom electrodes. By connecting the top electrode of the capacitor to the bottom electrode of the subsequent capacitor, the read-out capacitors are connected in series, and thus the output voltages are added in series, increasing the output voltage. Devices were fabricated on 200 mm wafers in a commercial foundry process based on wafer bonding of CMOS to MEMS. The close integration of MEMS with CMOS results in low electrical parasitics, an essential feature to enable impedance matching of the front-end amplifier to the much higher impedance series read-out capacitors. Using the method, the sensor's sensitivity is amplified 6-fold. The sensor with seriesconnected capacitors has a sensitivity of 4.8 mV/g, noise floor of 2.6 mg/√Hz, and resonant frequency of 2570 Hz.
Expression and Immunological Analysis of the Plasmid-Borne<i>mlp</i>Genes of<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>Strain B31 (2000)

A lipoprotein gene family first identified in Borrelia burgdorferi strain 297, designated 2.9 LP and recently renamed mlp, was found on circular and linear plasmids in the genome sequence of B. burgdorferi strain B31-M1. Sequence analyses of the B31 mlp genes and physically linked variant gene families indicated that mlp gene heterogeneity is unique and unrelated to location or linkage to divergent sequences. Evidence of recombination between B31 mlp alleles was also detected. Northern blot analysis of cultured strain B31 indicated that the mlp genes were not expressed at a temperature (23 degrees C) characteristic of that of ticks in the environment. In striking contrast, expression of many mlp genes increased substantially when strain B31 was shifted to 35 degrees C, a temperature change mimicking that occurring in the natural transmission cycle of the spirochete from tick to mammal. Primer extension analysis of the mlp mRNA transcripts suggested that sigma 70-like promoters are involved in mlp expression during temperature shift conditions. Antibodies were made against strain B31 Mlp proteins within the first 4 weeks after experimental mouse infection. Importantly, Lyme disease patients also had serum antibodies reactive with purified recombinant Mlp proteins from strain B31, a result indicating that humans are exposed to Mlp proteins during infection. Taken together, the data indicate that strain B31 mlp genes encode a diverse array of lipoproteins which may participate in early infection processes in the mammalian host.
Development of instrumentation and protocol to measure the dynamic environment of a modified van. (1996)

The dynamic environment of a van modified to accommodate a person driving from a wheelchair was measured to determine the effects of position within the van and the type of seat used. The project measured accelerations as a subject sat in three positions within the van and upon two different seats. Three separate van maneuvers at different speeds were used to change the dynamic environment. Van accelerations at the different positions varied significantly. A wheelchair transmitted more accelerations to the subject than the original equipment manufacturers (OEM) seat, making it harder to maintain a stable posture. These results should prove useful to others studying the functional abilities of wheelchair users within a vehicle environment.
Review on possible algal-biofuel production processes (2012)

One of the future-generation biofuel options that has recently recieved increased attention is the production of biofuels from microalgae. Besides the use of algae oil for physicochemical biodiesel production, biochemical and thermochemical pathways are possible. Although there is still a need to research algae production systems, downstream processing (e.g., biofuel production) needs to be researched in parallel. As there are several methods to produce biofuel from algae, different possible production processes are reviewed. By investigating the different steps of each of the processes and highlighting the challenges and risks that can occur, it is possible to make a decision regarding which pathway might be feasible for algal resources in the future.
Covalent labeling of cell‐surface proteins for in‐vivo FRET studies (2006)

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a powerful technique to reveal interactions between membrane proteins in live cells. Fluorescence labeling for FRET is typically performed by fusion with fluorescent proteins (FP) with the drawbacks of a limited choice of fluorophores, an arduous control of donor-acceptor ratio and high background fluorescence arising from intracellular FPs. Here we show that these shortcomings can be overcome by using the acyl carrier protein labeling technique. FRET revealed interactions between cell-surface neurokinin-1 receptors simultaneously labeled with a controlled ratio of donors and acceptors. Moreover, using FRET the specific binding of fluorescent agonists could be monitored.
Porcine and Canine von Willebrand Factor and von Willebrand Disease: Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Atherosclerosis Studies (2010)

Use of animal models of inherited and induced von Willebrand factor (VWF) deficiency continues to advance the knowledge of VWF-related diseases: von Willebrand disease (VWD), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and coronary artery thrombosis. First, in humans, pigs, and dogs, VWF is essential for normal hemostasis; without VWF bleeding events are severe and can be fatal. Second, the ADAMTS13 cleavage site is preserved in all three species suggesting all use this mechanism for normal VWF multimer processing and that all are susceptible to TTP when ADAMTS13 function is reduced. Third, while the role of VWF in atherogenesis is debated, arterial thrombosis complicating atherosclerosis appears to be VWF-dependent. The differences in the VWF gene and protein between humans, pigs, and dogs are relatively few but important to consider in the design of VWF-focused experiments. These homologies and differences are reviewed in detail and their implications for research projects are discussed. The current status of porcine and canine VWD are also reviewed as well as their potential role in future studies of VWF-related disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis.
Multi-ampere metal ion source (2003)

A new embodiment of the MEVVA (metal vapor vacuum arc) ion source has been constructed with which pulsed metal ion beams of current in the range 1-10 A can be produced. The source efficiency (ratio of beam current to arc current) has been increased and the ion beam current raised by an order of magnitude, by allowing the plasma to expand to a large diameter and forming the beam with a set of large-area extractor grids. Preliminary test results are presented. In a simplified configuration, the source can provide a beam at over 90 kV and with a pulsed beam current of 2 A.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Folic Acid-Conjugated Protein Cages of a Plant Virus:  A Novel Delivery Platform for Doxorubicin (2007)

The protein cage of a plant virus may provide a template for monodispersed nanosized systems for drug delivery. Using the Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV) as a model plant virus, we have prepared nanosized protein cages (30 nm) capable of encapsulating the anticancer drug, doxorubicin. The technique utilized the simultaneous encapsulation of a polyprotic acid of mw 200 kDa to produce an encapsulation efficiency for doxorubicin of about 7.5%. Folic acid was conjugated onto the capsids to impart cancer-targeting capability. The resultant nanosized systems improved the uptake and cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in the ovarian cancer cells, OVCAR-3, with statistical significance. Plant virus capsids may therefore provide viable templates for targeted drug delivery in cancer chemotherapy.
Fibrinogen β-Chain Tyrosine Nitration Is a Prothrombotic Risk Factor (2008)

Elevated levels of circulating fibrinogen are associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic diseases although a causative correlation between high levels of fibrinogen and cardiovascular complications has not been established. We hypothesized that a potential mechanism for an increased prothrombotic state is the post-translational modification of fibrinogen by tyrosine nitration. Mass spectrometry identified tyrosine residues 292 and 422 at the carboxyl terminus of the beta-chain as the principal sites of fibrinogen nitration in vivo. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the incorporation of nitrated fibrinogen molecules in fibrin fibers. The nitration of fibrinogen in vivo resulted in four distinct functional consequences: increased initial velocity of fibrin clot formation, altered fibrin clot architecture, increased fibrin clot stiffness, and reduced rate of clot lysis. The rate of fibrin clot formation and clot architecture was restored upon depletion of the tyrosine-nitrated fibrinogen molecules. An enhanced response to the knob "B" mimetic peptides Gly-His-Arg-Pro(am) and Ala-His-Arg-Pro(am) suggests that incorporation of nitrated fibrinogen molecules accelerates fibrin lateral aggregation. The data provide a novel biochemical risk factor that could explain epidemiological associations of oxidative stress and inflammation with thrombotic complications.
Exploiting component/event-level parallelism in concurrent fault and design error simulation (2002)

The paper describes the algorithm CON/sup 2/FERS, which exploits the event level and component level parallelisms in the concurrent technique for fault and design error simulation. This algorithm assumes asynchronous, message based operation with NORMA, and MIMD models of programming. A design verification tool based on this algorithm is developed with object oriented methodology using C++ and PVM. This implementation is executable on any Network of Workstations (NOW) and/or any general purpose parallel machine. The statistics on fault and error simulation performance and load balancing for some benchmark circuits are presented. Various experimental results of the effect of network and load on the performance of the CON/sup 2/FERS, and the applicability of the algorithm for the hardware acceleration of CFES are also presented.
Characterizing and Modeling Wind Power Forecast Errors from Operational Systems for Use in Wind Integration Planning Studies (2012)

An important consideration in wind power integration studies is the role that wind power forecasting will play in simulated high-penetration system operations. As no wind power forecast is perfect, an understanding of the forecast error distributions that are observed in current system operations is important for modeling the forecast errors that can be expected in future scenarios. In this work, we statistically characterize and model the wind power forecast errors from three different operational forecasting systems at multiple timescales. Comparisons are made with two methods that are commonly used in wind integration studies to represent wind power forecasting: the persistence model, and an assumed normal distribution of forecasting errors. A number of model distributions are fit to the operational system forecast errors and the accuracy of the model fits to extreme events is examined in detail.
Efficacy, safety, and dose response of intravenous anti-D immune globulin (WinRho SDF) for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. (1998)

We analyzed data from 20 children treated for acute or chronic idiopathic (immune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) at a single institution to determine the relationship between dose of intravenous anti-D immune globulin (WinRho SDF; Nabi, Boca Raton, FL), increase in platelet count, and decrease in hemoglobin in the therapy of ITP. Higher doses of anti-D were clearly associated with a greater therapeutic response in the platelet count, with no increase in hemolysis for both acute and chronic ITP. A significant correlation was found between dose and peak increase in platelet count measured in the 14 days following administration. This effect was present for both acute ITP (17 infusions, P = .0001) and chronic ITP (30 infusions, P = .038). Although hemolysis was seen in nearly all infusions, with a median hemoglobin fall of 1.9 g/dL (range, 0 to 4.2), the decrease in hemoglobin was greater than 2.5 for only three infusions, and the largest fall in hemoglobin (4.2) was in a child with an underlying hemolytic anemia. Furthermore, for both acute and chronic ITP there was no relationship between the decrease in hemoglobin and the dose given (P = .22), nor between the increase in platelet count and fall in hemoglobin (P = .27). This analysis supports the use of higher doses of anti-D for the treatment of ITP, and demonstrates the need for a trial of high-dose anti-D (>100 microg/kg) in acute and chronic ITP.
PROJET ET CONSTRUCTION DE PONTS EN ACIER SUR LE TRAJET DE L'AUTOROUTE LEIPZIG-DRESDE. (1972)

Aggressive, high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) exhibits an immature differentiation state, profound epigenetic dysregulation and high telomerase activity. It has been suggested that aggressive NB may be treatable by inducing differentiation whereas therapeutic targeting of telomerase is under investigation for multiple cancer types. While epigenetic regulation of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter has been described in high-risk NB, the exact molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. Here we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), chromatin immunoprecipitation qPCR, quantitative telomeric repeat amplification protocol, and immunoblot techniques to investigate epigenetic regulation of TERT in wild-type and genetically modified NB cell lines. We demonstrated that TERT expression is reduced during 13-cis retinoic acid-induced NB differentiation and that this inversely correlated with increased expression of AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), a subunit of the SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin remodeling complex. We showed that ARID1A directly caused suppression of TERT and was reliant on DNA binding and co-occupancy of the TERT promoter by the SIN3 transcription regulator family member A (SIN3A) repressor complex allowing NB differentiation to proceed. Finally, using data from NB patient cohorts, we reported a significant correlation between low ARID1A expression, elevated expression of TERT, and poorly differentiated, high-risk NB. These results provide insights into a key epigenetic pathway responsible for modulating TERT-driven NB progression, which could represent a target for therapeutic intervention.
A Simple Chromogenic Substrate Assay of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Activity in Plasma and Serum (1995)

A simple chromogenic substrate assay for the quantitation of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in plasma or serum samples was developed. After immobilization on microtiter plates for 20 hours at 4 degrees C, a commercial thromboplastin was incubated for 1 hour at room temperature with 1 U/mL of a prothrombin complex concentrate (Protromplex). After washing, solid-phase Factor Xa activity was measured by a chromogenic substrate (S-2222). Factor Xa generation was progressively inhibited when increasing amounts (1-12 microL) of heated serum or plasma, and recombinant TFPI (1-5 ng/mL), were coincubated with Protromplex. Inhibition by serum or plasma was abolished by anti-TFPI polyclonal antibodies. Plasma levels of TFPI in 25 healthy volunteers were found to be 0.98 +/- 0.19 U/mL (range 0.71-1.52), with an intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation of 10.7 and 11.1%, respectively. The use of a recombinant human thromboplastin improved the sensitivity and reproducibility of the assay. Plasma levels of TFPI were found to be normal in 10 women at the end of their pregnancies, in 10 patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy, and in 10 diabetic patients. Significantly higher levels were detected in 10 patients with chronic liver disease and in 10 patients with unexplained juvenile thrombosis. In patients with cardiovascular disease, a 7-day treatment with subcutaneous standard heparin increased TFPI activity. The availability of a simple and rapid assay to measure TFPI that does not require purified coagulation proteins may facilitate studies of the pathophysiologic relevance of this inhibitor.
Chronic telogen effluvium and female pattern hair loss are separate and distinct forms of alopecia: a histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis (2014)

Histomorphometric results establish CTE as a distinct disorder, separate from FPHL from its outset. Its pathogenic mechanisms are also distinct. These findings support the proposed mechanism of 'immediate telogen release' for CTE, leading to cycle synchronization. For FPHL, accelerated anagen follicular mitotic rates and, thus, higher Ki-67 and VEGF values, would leave less time for differentiation, resulting in hair miniaturization.
An Analysis of High-Velocity Gas Flow Through Porous Media (1979)

Darcy's law is inadequate for representing high-velocity gas flow in porous media, such as near the wellbore. An analysis of pressure lost during flow through conduits of alternating cross sections suggests more appropriate words for describing the mechanism for energy loss and terms in the flow equation. Updated correlations are presented for the coefficient of the velocity-squared term. Introduction Much research has been conducted to understand flow through porous media. Regarding high velocity, suitable correlations and nomenclature are the subject of controversy because of different views on the mechanism causing pressure drop. This study tries to improve the understanding of high-velocity flow through porous media. Using available data and this research, the best correlation is sought to permit the calculation of high-velocity flow based on permeability, porosity, and character of the rock. permeability, porosity, and character of the rock. We hope that a nomenclature can be suggested that is acceptable to both reservoir engineers and fluid mechanics research scientists. The results should be useful for improving correlations of gas-well flow data and for predicting well flow from core data, fluid properties, and specified conditions. properties, and specified conditions. Early Work on High-Velocity Flow Fancher et al. measured pressure drop during flow through a large number of unconsolidated and consolidated porous media. They correlated the data by using the porous media. They correlated the data by using the friction factor and Reynolds number, with grain diameter as a characteristic length. They showed that for flow through porous media, an increased pressure drop at high velocity is beyond that proportional to velocity. Data taken at the USBM were correlated using a quadratic equation of pressure drop with the second term of velocity to the nth power. Green and Duwez increased the understanding of high-velocity gas flow data when studying sintered metals. They adapted the equation with a velocity term squared that Forchheimer had developed: dp v- ---- = ----- + pv 2......................(1)dL k Comell and Katz measured the porosity, permeability, and B factors for cores, resulting in a correlation of B with permeability. The term B was called a "turbulence factor," but the expression was unacceptable to several researchers. Language Used in Literature Space limitations prohibit quoting completely the language used when describing the mechanism that consumes energy at more than a linear rate with velocity. The term used in flow equations (generally the in a quadratic flow equation) also has been given various names according to the author's view of the flow mechanism. Table 1 assembles selected typical titles and statements quoted from published works. After the flow mechanism has been reviewed, a more appropriate language will be submitted to agree with the concepts developed here. JPT P. 211