gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differences in folate production by bifidobacteria of different origins (2015)

Bifidobacteria are known to produce folate, a vital nutrient for humans. Previous studies have suggested that the ability to produce folate is strain dependent, but further adequate evaluation is needed. In this study, a total of 44 strains, including 12 species and 7 subspecies, of bifidobacteria were investigated for the production of folate during cultivation in medium containing essential levels of folate for growth of the tested strains. An in vitro assay showed that all strains of human-residential bifidobacteria (HRB) were able to produce folate, whereas most strains of non-HRB were not, with the exception of the B. thermophilum and B. longum ssp. suis strains. The differences in the in vivo production of folate by HRB and non-HRB were confirmed using mono-associated mice. The fecal folate concentrations, blood levels of hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volumes were significantly higher in the mice colonized with a folate producer, B. longum subsp. longum, compared with mice colonized with a nonproducer, B. animalis subsp. lactis. Our results confirmed the differences in folate production between HRB and non-HRB strains and suggested the benefit of HRB to hosts from the perspective of potential folate delivery.
Omega‐3 supplementation in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms (2007)

Supplementation with omega3 in patients with mild to moderate AD did not result in marked effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms except for possible positive effects on depressive symptoms (assessed by MADRS) in non-APOEomega4 carriers and agitation symptoms (assessed by NPI) in APOEomega4 carriers. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00211159
Peptide T exhibits a well‐defined structure in fluorinated solvent at low temperature (2009)

The structure of Peptide T was determined by solution NMR spectroscopy, under strong structure-inducing conditions: 40% hexafluoro-2-propanol aqueous solution at 5 degrees C. Under these conditions it was possible to detect medium-range NOEs for the first time for this peptide. This allowed a much better-defined structure to be determined for Peptide T in comparison with earlier NMR and computational studies. Peptide structures consistent with the experimental restraints were generated using a restrained MD simulation with a full empirical force field. Residues 4-8 of Peptide T take on a well-defined structure with a heavy atom RMSD of 0.78 A. The structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonding to side-chain oxygen atoms of Thr 4 and Thr 8, as well as backbone hydrogen bonding between residues 5 and 7 that forms this region into a classic gamma-turn.
Establishment of a Mesenchymal Stem Cell Bank (2011)

Adult stem cells have generated great amount of interest amongst the scientific community for their potential therapeutic applications for unmet medical needs. We have demonstrated the plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the umbilical cord matrix. Their immunological profile makes it even more interesting. We have demonstrated that the umbilical cord is an inexhaustible source of mesenchymal stem cells. Being a very rich source, instead of discarding this tissue, we worked on banking these cells for regenerative medicine application for future use. The present paper gives a detailed account of our experience in the establishment of a mesenchymal stem cell bank at our facility.
Self-assembly of orthogonal three-axis sensors (2008)

Conventional planar microfabrication is widely utilized to construct sensors for the measurement of physical or chemical properties. However, in these devices, the information component measured is typically restricted to only one vectorial axis. Here, we describe a self-assembling strategy that can be utilized to construct three dimensional (3D) cubic devices that facilitate measurement along three axes. This 3D measurement is achieved by arranging sensing elements orthogonally; any sensing element that can be lithographically patterned can be utilized. The 3D arrangement of sensors allows for the measurement of angular and orientation parameters. As an example, we describe a three-axis cantilever based sensor and demonstrate measurement of an evaporated analyte using resonant frequency shifts of cantilevers in each of the x, y, and z axes.
Emotion Recognition Based on Brain-Computer Interface Systems (2013)

Emotions are intrinsically related to the way that individuals interact with each other as well as machines [1]. A human being can understand the emotional state of another human being and behave in the best manner to improve the communication in a certain situation. This is because emotions can be recognized through words, voice intonation, facial expressions and body language. In contrast, machines cannot understand the feelings of an individual.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview on Solubility Enhancement Techniques for Poorly Soluble Drugs and Solid Dispersion as an Eminent Strategic Approach (2013)

Abstract Review: 87 refs.
A Post-Processing Method for the Removal of Refraction Artifacts in Multibeam Bathymetry Data (2007)

Sound refraction artifacts are often present in multibeam swath bathymetry data. For a flat array, the artifacts are usually more serious in outer beams than in inner beams. In a 3D topographical mapping they appear as ridges that parallel the tracks of the vessel. To shorten the survey time, the outer beams should be utilized as often as possible. Therefore, the refraction errors should be removed. In this paper, we present a model of reduced sound speed profile that consists of three water layers. The sound speed of the two upper layers has a constant gradient, and the third layer has the same sound speed as the most bottom measured layer. The model parameters can be searched based on the principle of the minimum difference of depth between the overlap of two neighboring swaths. The horizontal position and depth of each beam can be accordingly recalculated using the model parameters. To avoid being trapped in local optimum, the initial search scope is limited according to assumed lunch angle and travel time in each subregion. The method is verified by comparing the simulated and real data.
Rail Steels—Developments, Processing, and Use (1978)

Description The symposium on Rail Steels—Developments, Processing, and Use was presented at a meeting held in Denver, Colo., 17-18 Nov. 1976. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys. D. H. Stone, Association of American Railroads, and G. G. Knupp, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, presided as symposium chairmen and editors of this publication.
Startle Gating Deficits in a Large Cohort of Patients With Schizophrenia (2006)

These findings highlight several important factors (sex, medications, and smoking status) that strongly impact the study and interpretation of PPI deficits in patient populations. These results also support the concept that deficient PPI is associated with impaired functional status in schizophrenia.
Stitching 2D Polymeric Layers into Flexible Interpenetrated Metal–Organic Frameworks within Single Crystals (2014)

A 2D coordination polymer prepared with bulky diethylformamide solvates exhibits channels which allow dipyridyl bridging ligands to diffuse into the crystal lattice. The absorbed dipyridyls thread through the pores of one layer and substitute the surface diethylformamide molecules on the neighboring layers to stitch alternate layers to form flexible interpenetrated metal-orgaic frameworks. The threading process also results in exchange of the bulky diethylformamide solvates for aqua to minimize congestion and, more strikingly, forces the slippage of two-dimensional layers, while still maintaining crystallinity.
Constrained framespace interpolation (2002)

This paper aims to consistently blend different types of motions after establishing automatic correspondence between their salient features. Framespace interpolation is a consistent forward kinematics motion transition technique that uses weights from input spline curves to warp and blend motions. Its application has been limited to interactive interpolation of two or four cyclic motions. Though based on principles that minimize violations like sliding of supporting end-effectors, it does not guarantee slide-free motion. This paper extends the application of framespace interpolation to an unlimited chain of cyclic and acyclic motions, via an improved coordination warp and constraints on transition curves. Inverse kinematics has been seamlessly used to correct slide-violations on the fly. These extensions have opened up exciting possibilities in real-time cyclification, blending and concatenation of a wide variety of human motions.
The Place and Play of Theory in Practice (1997)

Abstract The Independent Tradition has emerged as an important force in contemporary psychoanalysis and social thought and psychotherapists are increasingly familiar with the developmental perspectives that have distinguished the contributions of the Middle Group in Great Britain. Thus far, however, there has been remarkably little consideration of the ways in which the perspectives of the Independent Tradition enlarge our understanding of the functions and uses of theory in therapeutic practice. This article focuses on the developmental contributions of D.W. Winnicott and shows how his formulations of transitional phenomena, potential space, object use, and true self experience offer ways of imagining the “place” or location of theory in the clinical situation and means of conceptualizing the “play” or functions of theory in the therapeutic practice. In doing so, it describes recent elaborations of Winnicott'S theory by Christopher Bollas and Kenneth Wright. The author argues that the example of the Independent Tradition provides useful lines of understanding in continuing efforts to develop a basis for theoretical pluralism and comparative approaches in contemporary psychoanalysis and clinical social work practice.
CHIRPED-PULSE FOURIER TRANSFORM MM-WAVE SPECTROSCOPY FROM 260-290 GHz (2012)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
Practice Abstracts: Submission Guidelines (1995)

The intent of the “Practice abstracts” feature of Interfaces is to provide practitioners with a convenient way to document the gist of their projects, achievements, and experiences in the open literature without writing full-fledged papers. We hope that many practitioners will be able to base submissions on existing internal documents such as company or government agency reports and newsletters. We want to encourage the silent majority of OR/MS practitioners to exchange information and experiences with each other and with the rest of the OR/MS community, for the benefit of all of us.
Novel Bi- and Trifunctional Inhibitors of Tumor-Associated Proteolytic Systems (2003)

Serine proteases, cysteine proteases, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Recently, a recombinant bifunctional inhibitor (chCys-uPA19-31) directed against cysteine proteases and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)/plasmin serine protease system was generated by introducing the uPA receptor (uPAR)-binding site of uPA into chicken cystatin (chCysWT). In the present study, we designed and recombinantly produced multifunctional inhibitors also targeting MMPs. The inhibitors comprise the N-terminal inhibitory domain of human TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1) or TIMP-3, fused to chCys-uPA19-31 or chCysWT. As demonstrated by various techniques, these fusion proteins effectively interfere with all three targeted protease systems. In in vitro Matrigel invasion assays, the addition of recombinant inhibitors strongly reduced invasion of ovarian cancer cells (OV-MZ-6#8). Additionally, OV-MZ-6#8 cells were stably transfected with expression plasmids encoding the various inhibitors. Synthesis and secretion of the inhibitors was verified by a newly developed ELISA, which selectively detects the recombinant proteins. Invasive capacity of inhibitor-producing cells was significantly reduced compared to vector-transfected control cells. Thus, these novel, compact, and small-size inhibitors directed against up to three different tumor-associated proteolytic systems may represent promising agents for prevention of tumor cell migration and metastasis.
Performance of Decorrelator for Multirate Multicarrier DS/CDMA System (2010)

In this paper, a performance of a decorrelating detector for a multirate MC(multi-carrier) DS/CDMA system is analyzed and simulated in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. The performance is compared with that of single rate MC-DS/CDMA system in term of bit error probability. Variable Spreading Length (VSL) is employed for MC-DS/CDMA system as multirate transmission scheme. From simulation result, it is shown that Decorrelator for multirate MC-DS/CDMA achieves high BER performance as well as that of single rate case.
Impact of Low Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor After Myocardial Infarction on 6-Month Clinical Outcome (2012)

Low plasma VEGF levels at 7 days after the onset of AMI were associated with a significantly increased risk for MACCE during 6 months of follow-up.
High frequency of TTK mutations in microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer and evaluation of their effect on spindle assembly checkpoint (2010)

Frameshift mutations frequently accumulate in microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancers (MSI CRCs) typically leading to downregulation of the target genes due to nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay. However, frameshift mutations that occur in the 3' end of the coding regions can escape decay, which has largely been ignored in previous works. In this study, we characterized nonsense-mediated decay-escaping frameshift mutations in MSI CRC in an unbiased, genome wide manner. Combining bioinformatic search with expression profiling, we identified genes that were predicted to escape decay after a deletion in a microsatellite repeat. These repeats, located in 258 genes, were initially sequenced in 30 MSI CRC samples. The mitotic checkpoint kinase TTK was found to harbor decay-escaping heterozygous mutations in exon 22 in 59% (105/179) of MSI CRCs, which is notably more than previously reported. Additional novel deletions were found in exon 5, raising the mutation frequency to 66%. The exon 22 of TTK contains an A(9)-G(4)-A(7) locus, in which the most common mutation was a mononucleotide deletion in the A(9) (c.2560delA). When compared with identical non-coding repeats, TTK was found to be mutated significantly more often than expected without selective advantage. Since TTK inhibition is known to induce override of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), we challenged mutated cancer cells with the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel. No evidence of checkpoint weakening was observed. As a conclusion, heterozygous TTK mutations occur at a high frequency in MSI CRCs. Unexpectedly, the plausible selective advantage in tumourigenesis does not appear to be related to SAC.
Understanding some simple phenomena in thermoacoustics with applications to acoustical heat engines (1985)

Thermoacoustical phenomena have a long history and are frequently characterized by great complexity. In the present paper, we describe how, by the use of suitable acoustical structures, the phenomena can both be simplified and readily demonstrated. A heuristic discussion is emphasized, which we hope will be useful in teaching the principles. The qualities of certain model apparatus that demonstrate acoustically stimulated entropy flow, a thermally driven acoustic oscillator, and an acoustically driven refrigerator are also presented in semiquantitative detail.
Microwave-induced low-temperature crystallization of amorphous silicon thin films (1997)

Microwave heating was utilized for solid phase crystallization of amorphous silicon films. The amorphous silicon thin films were deposited in the temperature range of 100–400 °C by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and annealed by microwave heating at 550 °C in nitrogen. Microwave heating lowered the annealing temperature and reduced the annealing time for complete crystallization. For example, the a-Si film deposited at 400 °C was fully crystallized in 3 h at 550 °C. On microwave heating, the hydrogen in the amorphous films diffused out very quickly, but there was no change in structural disorder following hydrogen evolution. The lower temperature crystallization of a-Si films compared to conventional furnace annealing is due to the interaction between microwave and silicon atoms. The grain size of the crystallized silicon films was in the range of 0.55–0.78 μm, depending on the deposition temperature. These grain sizes are not so small compared to those of Si films crystallized by conventional furnace heating, while the crystallization time is much shorter.
Omnidirectional imaging with hyperboloidal projection (2002)

Described here is an image sensor with a hyperboloidal mirror for vision based navigation of a mobile robot. Its name is HyperOmni Vision. This sensing system can acquire an omnidirectional view around the robot, in real-time, with use of a hyperboloidal mirror.
Evidence for monomeric and oligomeric hormone-binding domains in affinity-purified gonadotropin receptor from rat ovary. (1989)

Rat ovarian lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor was purified from a Triton X-100-solubilized membrane preparation by affinity chromatography with Affi-Gel 10 coupled to purified human choriogonadotropin. The affinity-purified receptor preparations contained a single class of high-affinity binding sites for 125I-labeled human choriogonadotropin, with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.5 x 10(-9) M, which is comparable to the Kd values for membrane-bound and solubilized receptors. The purified receptor appeared as two dominant bands with molecular weights of 135,000 and 92,000 after sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) under nonreducing conditions. These two bands were also detected in subsequent direct ligand blotting analysis when the purified receptor was electrophoretically transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane after SDS/PAGE under nonreducing conditions. When the individual affinity-purified receptor bands were electroeluted from the gel and analyzed again by SDS/PAGE under nonreducing conditions, both the Mr 92,000 and the 135,000 proteins retained their original molecular form even when 8 M urea was included in the gel. However, when the electrophoretically purified Mr 92,000 and 135,000 bands were subjected to SDS/PAGE under reducing conditions, the Mr 135,000 species was almost completely converted to a Mr 92,000 band, but the Mr 92,000 species did not undergo any alteration in molecular weight. The results suggest that the lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor from rat ovary exists in two molecular forms, and the higher molecular weight form appears to be composed of disulfide-linked Mr 92,000 subunit, which comprises the hormone-binding domain.
CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND ANTIBODY RESPONSES IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT AFTER LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC IMMUNIZATION (1971)

The cell-mediated immune response on the secretory surface of the lower respiratory tract was investigated and compared to the systemic cell-mediated immune response and to the secretory and systemic antibody responses. Guinea pigs were immunized either parenterally or locally with dinitrophenylated human IgG. The effect of rendering animals tolerant on the local cell-mediated response and on the local antibody response was also studied. The antibody response in the bronchial washing fluids was predominantly of the IgA class. In the animals rendered tolerant by administering large doses of the antigen intravenously, the secretory antibody response was significantly reduced to about 40% of the levels in the animals which were not tolerant. Cellular immunity was assayed using the inhibition of macrophage migration. In animals which were immunized subcutaneously, splenic lymphocytes strongly inhibited the migration of normal guinea pig macrophages; however cells obtained from bronchial washings from the same animals exhibited little or no inhibition of macrophage migration in the presence of antigen. In the animals which were immunized by nose drops, splenic lymphocytes showed virtually no inhibition of macrophage migration; however, bronchial washing lymphocytes strongly inhibited the migration of normal macrophages. Thus, nose drop immunization gave rise to a significantly greater local cellular immune response than did parenteral immunization. In those animals which were immunized by nose drops after a tolerizing dose of antigen, there was virtually no inhibition of macrophage migration by either the cells from the spleens or bronchial washings. Studies were done which demonstrated that a substance similar to macrophage-inhibition factor was liberated by the bronchial washing cells on incubation with the antigen. Studies were also done which indicated that secretory antibody played no role in the inhibition of macrophage migration when bronchial washing lymphocytes were used. Lymphocytes were purified from bronchial washings and were found to inhibit normal macrophage migration in the presence of antigen to the same extent that the mixed population of lymphocytes and pulmonary macrophages did. Thus this study supports the concept that local cellular immunity can be initiated independently of systemic cellular immunity.
Gold-specific T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with gold. (1992)

Gold-specific T lymphocyte clones were isolated from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who developed delayed type hypersensitivity reactions to gold. All of the isolated T cell clones required histocompatible antigen presenting cells as well as gold for induction of proliferation. Using a panel of HLA-homozygous Epstein Barr virus-transformed B (EBV-B) cells and anti-HLA antibodies, the clones were shown to recognize gold in the context of DR1 molecules. Gold recognition did not require active antigen processing since specific proliferation was not affected by glutaraldehyde fixation of the DR1 homozygous antigen presenting cells. Furthermore, we could show that gold salts inhibited peptide-induced responses of a peptide-specific T cell clone. In addition to providing evidence for gold-specific T cells in gold-treated RA patients exhibiting delayed type hypersensitivity responses, these data suggest that gold can alter MHC-peptide complexes. The latter observation may in part explain the mechanism/s responsible for both the therapeutic and the toxic effects of gold.