gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of Percentage of RoundUp Ready® Soya in Soya Flour Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: Interlaboratory Study (2003)

An interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate a method for determination of the percentage of RoundUp Ready (RR) soya in soya flour using Taqman technology. The method included DNA extraction from the test portion with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide buffer followed by chloroform extraction and Wizard resin cleanup steps. The DNA was then assayed with primer and probe sets specific for lectin as the endogenous control and the RR insert as the target. The percentage of RR soya in the soya fraction of the sample was calculated by using a matrix-matched standard curve. Ten samples of split-level blind duplicates were sent to 22 laboratories in 12 countries worldwide. Test portions contained 0, 0.5, 0.7,1.6, 2, and 3.9% (w/w) RR soya prepared gravimetrically from commercially available RR standard reference materials. Based on the results for test materials, the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) for the method ranged from 9.3 to 19.3% and, for reproducibility (RSDR), ranged from 20.3 to 33.7%.
Cross‐linking of α and γ‐thrombin to distinct binding sites on human platelets (1988)

The interaction of thrombin with proteins at the platelet surface was assessed by chemical cross-linking with the membrane-impermeable reagents bis(sulphosuccinimidyl)suberate and dithiobis(sulphosuccinimidyl propionate) under conditions which induced no modification of intracellular proteins and minimal cross-linking of membrane glycoproteins. The proteins covalently linked to 125I-labelled alpha and gamma-thrombin were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. 125I-alpha-thrombin was detected in high-molecular-mass complexes (a) at the top of a 3% acrylamide stacking gel and (b) with a Mr approximately equal to 400,000. In addition, two complexes of 240 kDa and 78 kDa were characterized. Hirudin prevented the formation of each of these complexes. The 78-kDa complex occurred spontaneously in the absence of bifunctional reagents, was only observed with active alpha-thrombin and was not dissociated by hirudin. Such characteristics are similar to those of a serpin serine-protease complex. The 240-kDa complex was formed with 0.8-100 nM alpha-thrombin, was observed after a short incubation time (30 s) and occurred with TosLysCH2Cl-inactivated alpha-thrombin. After analysis of Triton-X-100-soluble extracts of cross-linked platelets by crossed immunoelectrophoresis against a rabbit antiserum to platelets, two principal precipitates contained 125I-alpha-thrombin. These were a precipitate containing GPIIb-IIIa complexes and a precipitate in the position of GPIb. Indirect immunoprecipitation of GPIb, using a murine monoclonal antibody, confirmed it to be the major platelet component in the 240-kDa complex. Significantly, 125I-gamma-thrombin, which activates platelets with a prolonged lag phase, failed to bind to GPIb and complexes in the 240-kDa and 78-kDa molecular mass range were not observed. We conclude that several binding sites for alpha-thrombin are present at the platelet surface, and that GPIb is one of them. The studies with gamma-thrombin suggest that binding to GPIb is not obligatory for platelet activation although it could be involved in an initial step of the platelet response.
웹기반 학습 프로그램의 투입 시기가 초등학생의 과학탐구능력, 과학적 태도 및 학업성취도에 미치는 효과 (2004)

This study is aimed at exploring the effects on Science Inquiry Ability, Scientific Attitude and Science Achievement of the Elementary School Students according to the Input time of Web-Based Instruction Programs. As the object of the study, seventy-two students were selected from three classes in the fifth grade of Y Elementary School located in the city of T, Gyungsangnam-do. They were classified into the three groups such as Group A (Class 1), Group B (Class 2) and Group C (Class 3). The author threw web-based instruction programs into the begining of a unit, during a unit, the end of a unit to each group, and explored the effects. The results of this study were as follows: First, for the learning effect of science inquiry ability, it was indicated that there was the highest effect in the case of throwing web-based instruction programs into during a unit, but the effect reduced a little in the case of throwing them into the end of a unit. Secondly, the scientific attitudes tended to be reduced in the case of throwing them into during a unit, but there did not occur statistically significant improvement. Thirdly, the degree of improvement of the science achievement tended to be highest in the case of throwing them into the end of a unit. Such findings indicated that the time of throwing in web-based instruction programs affected science inquiry ability, scientific attitude and science achievement of elementary school students. Thus, it will be said that teachers need to teach their students with the class strategies of considering various scientific elements revealed at the time of throwing in web-based instruction programs.
Mathematical calibration procedure of a capacitive sensor-based indexed metrology platform (2017)

The demand for faster and more reliable measuring tasks for the control and quality assurance of modern production systems has created new challenges for the field of coordinate metrology. Thus, the search for new solutions in coordinate metrology systems and the need for the development of existing ones still persists. One example of such a system is the portable coordinate measuring machine (PCMM), the use of which in industry has considerably increased in recent years, mostly due to its flexibility for accomplishing in-line measuring tasks as well as its reduced cost and operational advantages compared to traditional coordinate measuring machines. Nevertheless, PCMMs have a significant drawback derived from the techniques applied in the verification and optimization procedures of their kinematic parameters. These techniques are based on the capture of data with the measuring instrument from a calibrated gauge object, fixed successively in various positions so that most of the instrument measuring volume is covered, which results in time-consuming, tedious and expensive verification and optimization procedures. In this work the mathematical calibration procedure of a capacitive sensor-based indexed metrology platform (IMP) is presented. This calibration procedure is based on the readings and geometric features of six capacitive sensors and their targets with nanometer resolution. The final goal of the IMP calibration procedure is to optimize the geometric features of the capacitive sensors and their targets in order to use the optimized data in the verification procedures of PCMMs.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) increases vaginal blood flow and inhibits uterine smooth muscle activity in women (1983)

The human vagina and uterus are heavily innervated by VIP-containing nerve fibres. In the present study, we have measured vaginal blood flow, transmucosal oxygen tension and uterine smooth muscle activity during stepwise intravenous infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) (0, 100, 300, 900 pmol kg-1 h-1) in non-pregnant women. Vaginal blood flow was measured by the heat clearance technique, transmucosal oxygen tension by an O2-electrode and uterine activity by a micro-tip pressure catheter in the uterine cavity. Arterial blood pressure, pulse frequency and the concentration of VIP in peripheral venous blood were monitored. VIP induced a concentration-dependent increase in vaginal blood flow. The transmucosal oxygen tension was not significantly changed by VIP. The maximum dose of VIP decreased systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure and increased pulse frequency. VIP inhibited uterine activity. These findings suggest that VIP participates as a neurotransmitter in the control of genital physiological responses.
A sigma-delta based PLL for non-sinusoidal waveforms (2003)

The authors describe a phase-locked loop architecture for the locking of nonsinusoidal waveforms. It is based on the generation of the locking signal by means of a proper waveform synthesizer. The free-running frequency of the synthesizer is dynamically adjusted to ensure a suitable lock range. The system has been functionally analyzed and simulated, and its feasibility has been demonstrated. The lock range can extend over more than one decade. The system is suited to implementation using an oversampling approach. The reference waveform is generated with the direct-digital synthesis technique, which obtains the digital representation of the required locking signal by means of a proper ROM. This is converted into a sigma-delta flow by a digital sigma-delta modulator, and is then multiplied by the sigma-delta flow which represents the input signal. The filters and the processing circuits included in the system were realized with digital techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Positive Near-UV Resist For Bilayer Lithography (1987)

A novel alkaline-soluble silicon-containing copolymer for use in bilayer lithography has been developed. This copolymer (CVPVS)consists of p-vinylphenol and vinyltrimethylsilane and was prepared in a two-step process: anionic polymerization of a p-alkoxystyrene with vinyltrimethylsilane followed by ether cleavage of the alkoxy group. The copo-lymer used for lithographic application has a number average molecular weight of 2700 and shows very good solubility in a variety of organic solvents. CVPVS has nearly no absorption above 300 nm and at 248 nm its absorption is six times lower than that of a commercially available poly(p-vinylphenol). The silicon-containing photoresist (SPR) prepared from this copolymer and a diazoquinone photosensitizer is completely compatible with current resist processing.
Query Feedback for Interactive Image Retrieval (2004)

From a perceptual standpoint, the subjectivity inherent in understanding and interpreting visual content in multimedia indexing and retrieval motivates the need for online interactive learning. Since efficiency and speed are important factors in interactive visual content retrieval, most of the current approaches impose restrictive assumptions on similarity calculation and learning algorithms. Specifically, content-based image retrieval techniques generally assume that perceptually similar images are situated close to each other within a connected region of a given space of visual features. This paper proposes a novel method for interactive image retrieval using query feedback. Query feedback learns the user query as well as the correspondence between high-level user concepts and their low-level machine representation by performing retrievals according to multiple queries supplied by the user during the course of a retrieval session. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that this algorithm provides accurate retrieval results with acceptable interaction speed compared to existing methods.
Sensitivity and Generalization in Neural Networks: an Empirical Study (2018)

In practice it is often found that large over-parameterized neural networks generalize better than their smaller counterparts, an observation that appears to conflict with classical notions of function complexity, which typically favor smaller models. In this work, we investigate this tension between complexity and generalization through an extensive empirical exploration of two natural metrics of complexity related to sensitivity to input perturbations. Our experiments survey thousands of models with various fully-connected architectures, optimizers, and other hyper-parameters, as well as four different image classification datasets. We find that trained neural networks are more robust to input perturbations in the vicinity of the training data manifold, as measured by the norm of the input-output Jacobian of the network, and that it correlates well with generalization. We further establish that factors associated with poor generalization $-$ such as full-batch training or using random labels $-$ correspond to lower robustness, while factors associated with good generalization $-$ such as data augmentation and ReLU non-linearities $-$ give rise to more robust functions. Finally, we demonstrate how the input-output Jacobian norm can be predictive of generalization at the level of individual test points.
Sustained microglial depletion with CSF1R inhibitor impairs parenchymal plaque development in an Alzheimer’s disease model (2019)

Many risk genes for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are exclusively or highly expressed in myeloid cells. Microglia are dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling for their survival. We designed and synthesized a highly selective brain-penetrant CSF1R inhibitor (PLX5622) allowing for extended and specific microglial elimination, preceding and during pathology development. We find that in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD, plaques fail to form in the parenchymal space following microglial depletion, except in areas containing surviving microglia. Instead, Aβ deposits in cortical blood vessels reminiscent of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Altered gene expression in the 5xFAD hippocampus is also reversed by the absence of microglia. Transcriptional analyses of the residual plaque-forming microglia show they exhibit a disease-associated microglia profile. Collectively, we describe the structure, formulation, and efficacy of PLX5622, which allows for sustained microglial depletion and identify roles of microglia in initiating plaque pathogenesis.
Experimental investigation of PIC formation in CFC-12 incineration. Final report, July 1992-January 1993 (1993)

The report gives results of experiments to determine the effect of flame zone temperature on gas-phase flame formation and destruction of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) during dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) incineration. The effect of water injection into the flame zone was also studied. Tests involved burning CFC-12 in a propane gas flame. Combustion gas samples were taken and analyzed for volatile organic compounds as well as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/PCDF). PCDD/PCDF were not detected at baseline operating conditions (1204C and 9.3 percent CFC-12 by volume in fuel). Low levels of PCDD/PCDF were detected in the combustion gas at a lower temperature (913C). Poor combustion conditions producing smoke and soot may have contributed to the formation of PCDD/PCDF. Low levels of PCDD/PCDF were also detected at the lower temperature with water injection into the flame zone.
A Cooperative Approach for Job Shop Scheduling under Uncertainties (2008)

This paper focuses on job shop scheduling problems in a cooperative environment. Unlike classical deterministic approaches, we assume that jobs are not known in advance but occur randomly during the production process, as orders appear. Therefore, the production schedule is adapted in a reactive manner all along the production process. These schedule adaptations are made according to a cooperative approach, that is the major originality of this paper. Each resource manages its own local schedule and the global schedule is obtained by point-to-point negotiations between the various machines. We also suppose that local schedules are flexible since several alternative job sequences are allowed on each machine. This flexibility is the key feature that allows each resource, on the one hand, to negotiate with the others and, on the other hand, to react to unexpected events. The cooperative approach aims at ensuring the coherence between the local schedules while keeping a given level of flexibility on each resource.
RESEARCHES ON QUINAZOLINES (FIFTEENTH PAPER<sup>1</sup>). ON A 3-AMINOQUINAZOLINE, AND THE CORRESPONDING 3,3'-DIQUINAZOLYL, FROM 6-NITROACETANTHRANIL AND HYDRAZINE HYDRATE.<sup>2</sup> (1906)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRESEARCHES ON QUINAZOLINES (FIFTEENTH PAPER1). ON A 3-AMINOQUINAZOLINE, AND THE CORRESPONDING 3,3'-DIQUINAZOLYL, FROM 6-NITROACETANTHRANIL AND HYDRAZINE HYDRATE.2Marston Taylor Bogert and Harvey Ambrose SeilCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1906, 28, 7, 884–893Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1906Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1906https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01973a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (421 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photon avalanche upconversion in YAIO<sub>3</sub>: Ho<sup>3+</sup>crystals (1999)

Abstract We report room temperature upconverted emission in Ho3+-doped YAIO3 single crystals. Intense green fluorescene was observed under yellow, orange or red cw excitation. Under 580–590 nm excitation, where the characteristic features of a photon avalanche process are observed, the excitation power threshold is twice lower in the 5 at.% Ho3+-doped sample than in the 1 at.% Ho3+-doped one.
Toward a Precise Definition of Interstitial Cystitis: Further Evidence of Differences in Classic and Nonulcer Disease (2002)

The current findings together with previous findings clearly demonstrate that the 2 subtypes of interstitial cystitis represent separate entities. We suggest refining the National Institutes of Health-National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases criteria, so that subtyping scientific materials is considered mandatory, hence, ensuring that the 2 subtypes are evaluated separately in clinical studies.
Analysis on New Read Disturbance Induced by Hot Carrier Injections in 3-D Channel-Stacked NAND Flash Memory (2019)

Read disturbance is analyzed in vertically channel-stacked NAND flash memory, which has string select transistors (SSTs) to access each channel layer independently. Additional read disturbance is observed at the cells adjacent to the selected cell in the unselected channel layers as well as typical read disturbance caused by repetitive Fowler-Nordheim tunneling (F-N) stress. Technology computer-aided design simulations and measurements are performed to investigate the disturbance mechanisms. It is found that bitline-side [common-source line-side] adjacent cell is disturbed by the hot carrier injection (HCI), which results from positively [negatively] boosted channel potential by the rising [falling] of the voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">unsel</sub> ) applied to unselected cells, respectively. A novel read operation, in which the selected cells are maintained in turned on state during the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">unsel</sub> rising/falling and then are restored to their own states, is proposed to suppress the occurrence of the HCIs. As a result, it is revealed that the HCI-induced read disturbances are successfully suppressed by the proposed method.
Outlier Detection for Temporal Data: A Survey (2014)

In the statistics community, outlier detection for time series data has been studied for decades. Recently, with advances in hardware and software technology, there has been a large body of work on temporal outlier detection from a computational perspective within the computer science community. In particular, advances in hardware technology have enabled the availability of various forms of temporal data collection mechanisms, and advances in software technology have enabled a variety of data management mechanisms. This has fueled the growth of different kinds of data sets such as data streams, spatio-temporal data, distributed streams, temporal networks, and time series data, generated by a multitude of applications. There arises a need for an organized and detailed study of the work done in the area of outlier detection with respect to such temporal datasets. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive and structured overview of a large set of interesting outlier definitions for various forms of temporal data, novel techniques, and application scenarios in which specific definitions and techniques have been widely used.
Interactive fast spin-echo imaging (2000)

It is shown that a spin-echo sequence may be used to acquire T(2)-weighted, high-resolution, high-SNR sections at quasi-real-time frame rates for interactive, diagnostic imaging. A single-shot fast spin-echo sequence was designed which employs driven equilibrium to realign transverse magnetization remaining at the final spin echo. Driven equilibrium is shown to improve T(2) contrast at a given TR, or conversely to reduce TR by approximately 1000 msec and thus increase temporal resolution while maintaining a given level of contrast. Wiener demodulation of k-space data prior to reconstruction is shown to reduce blurring caused by T(2)-decay while constraining noise often associated with other inverse filters. Images are continuously acquired, reconstructed, and displayed at rates of one image every one to two seconds, while section position and contrast may be altered interactively. The clinical utility of this method is demonstrated with applications to dynamic pelvic floor imaging and interactive obstetric imaging.