gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Le développement durable et l'histoire urbaine (2002)

Alors que la ville classique devait être belle en respectant les conventions de bienséance et que la ville moderne devait être radieuse en ordonnant ses besoins, la ville contemporaine doit être durable en assurant son lien avec la nature. Depuis l'époque industrielle, l'entassement des habitants et l'engorgement des voies appellent des réformes rationnelles qui rendent la ville plus fluide, plus saine et plus naturelle. Les motifs et les projets du développement durable s'inscrivent aujourd'hui dans la continuité de ces discours.
[Anticholinergics: synthesis of 2',2'-diphenylethyl azacycloalkane derivatives]. (1984)

3-Quinuclidinyl, N-methylpiperidin-4-yl, N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl, N-methyl-3-azabicyclo (3,3,1)nonan-9-yl, which were found in molecular structures of some stronger anticholinergics, were selected to displace tropanyl in 3-(2′, 2′-diphenylethyl) tropane (L) and its derivatives Twelve compounds (Ⅳ_(1～4),Ⅴ_(1～4), Ⅵ_(1～4)) were synthesized. With Raney Ni in ethanol, compounds Ⅴ_1 and Ⅴ_4 could be catalytically hydrogenated smoothly to compounds Ⅵ_1 and Ⅵ_4, but compounds Ⅴ_2 and Ⅴ_3 could not in the same condition. And with 10% Pd/C in glacial acetic acid, Ⅴ_2 and Ⅴ_3 could be hydrogenated to Ⅵ_2 and Ⅵ_3. Animal tests (mydriasis, antisalivary secretion and antiarecoline tremor) showed that the anticholinergic activities of these compounds were weaker than those of the lead compound (L) and atropine.
Low-Dose Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor-Containing Combination Therapies Reverse Early Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy (2005)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition has recently been identified as a novel approach to treatment of experimental peripheral diabetic neuropathy (PDN). However, long-term inhibition of PARP, an enzyme involved in DNA repair, can potentially result in premature aging, loss of genome stability, and other side effects. This study evaluated potential synergistic interactions between low doses of the potent and specific PARP inhibitor 1,5-isoquinolinediol (ISO) and one of two vasodilators, the ACE inhibitor lisinopril (LIS) and the beta2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol (SAL) in the model of early PDN. Control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with either ISO plus LIS or ISO plus SAL for 2 weeks after an initial 2 weeks without treatment. ISO (intraperitoneally) and LIS and SAL (both in the drinking water) were used in subtherapeutic doses, resulting in a minor correction of diabetes-associated sciatic motor and hind-limb digital sensory nerve conduction deficits when administered as monotherapies. Both combination treatments corrected endoneurial blood flow and vascular conductance deficits in STZ-induced diabetic rats. ISO plus SAL corrected all other changes of PDN, i.e., motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) deficits as well as thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia. With ISO plus LIS, no significant correction of MNCV was observed, and the effect on thermal hyperalgesia was quite modest. SNCV and mechanical hyperalgesia were corrected. In vitro studies in human endothelial and Schwann cells showed early accumulation of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated proteins (Western blot analysis) in response to high glucose, thus suggesting the importance of PARP activation in human PDN. In conclusion, low-dose PARP inhibitor-containing combination therapies may constitute a new approach for treatment of PDN.
Molecular Defects of the RHCE Gene in Rh-Deficient Individuals of the Amorph Type (1998)

The deficiency of Rh proteins on the red blood cells from individuals of the Rhnull amorph type may be the result of homozygosity for a silent allele at the RH locus. This phenotype is also associated with the lack or reduced expression of glycoproteins (Rh50, CD47, LW, and glycophorin B), which interact with Rh polypeptides to form the multisubunit Rh membrane complex. In this study, we describe two molecular alterations affecting the RHCEgene in two unrelated Rhnull amorph individuals bearing Rh50 and CD47 normal transcripts. The first type of mutation, located at the donor splice-site in intron 4, induced the activation of two cryptic splice-sites within this intron and one such site in exon 4 that all generated aberrant transcripts. The second type of mutation affected the coding region and introduced a frameshift and a premature stop codon resulting in a shorter predicted protein (398 v 417 residues), including a completely different C-terminus of 76 amino acids. This suggests that protein folding and/or protein-protein interaction mediated by the C-terminal domain of the Rh proteins may play a role in the routing and/or stability of the Rh membrane complex.
GenBank (2007)

GenBank (R) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for more than 240 000 named organisms, obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank staff upon receipt. Daily data exchange with the EMBL Data Library in Europe and the DNA Data Bank of Japan ensures worldwide coverage. GenBank is accessible through NCBI's retrieval system, Entrez, which integrates data from the major DNA and protein sequence databases along with taxonomy, genome, mapping, protein structure and domain information, and the biomedical journal literature via PubMed. BLAST provides sequence similarity searches of GenBank and other sequence databases. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. To access GenBank and its related retrieval and analysis services, begin at the NCBI Homepage (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).
Three-dimensional shape measurements using endoscopes (2015)

We present a fringe projection system embedded into an endoscope to describe the absolute shape of an inspected object. A fringe pattern generated by launching incoherent light waves into a volume hologram is projected on the inspected surface. The endoscope observes the projected fringes at another point of view. Fringes on the obtained image are deformed both by the topography of the object, and are analyzable to retrieve the 3D shape.
Kidney Stone Removal: Percutaneous Versus Surgical Lithotomy (1985)

Percutaneous removal of most urinary tract calculi may be performed as a 1-stage effort with techniques and skills developed recently in the specialties of urology and radiology. Ultrasonic fragmentation of most calculi was done to permit their extraction. Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy was performed on 250 consecutive (a single exception) patients bearing stones that required removal. Targeted calculi were removed successfully from 97 per cent of these patients. One patient required surgical lithotomy. The previous 100 patients with stones underwent surgical lithotomy with 96 per cent success. Complications of percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy appeared equitable with those of surgical lithotomy. Of the patients who underwent percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy 6 (6 per cent) required extended hospital days or additional procedures for management of complications. None of these patients required a surgical incision. Anesthesia times were similar for both groups--average 159 plus or minus 4 (standard error) minutes for percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy and 193 plus or minus 8 minutes for surgical lithotomy. Hospital recovery days averaged 5.5 plus or minus 0.3 for percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy and 8.4 plus or minus 0.5 for surgical lithotomy (p less than 0.01). Associated costs averaged $7,203 plus or minus 55 for lithotripsy and $8,849 plus or minus 660 for lithotomy (p less than 0.01). The number of narcotic administrations per patient (days 1 to 5 postoperatively) averaged 9.88 plus or minus 0.70 for lithotripsy and 16.82 plus or minus 0.78 for lithotomy (p less than 0.01). The average patient who underwent percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy felt capable of full activity 2.0 plus or minus 0.2 weeks following stone removal, whereas no patient who underwent previous surgical lithotomy recalls a recovery period of less than 3 weeks (p less than 0.01). We believe that most upper urinary tract calculi may be removed cost-effectively with a percutaneous approach. Compared to surgical lithotomy, percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy may result in rapid convalescence with diminished pain.
Using Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayers Presenting RGD and (EG)<sub>3</sub>OH Groups To Characterize Long-Term Attachment of Bovine Capillary Endothelial Cells to Surfaces (1998)

This paper describes surfaces that promote the ligand-directed binding of cells and resist the cellular deposition of adhesive proteins. These surfaces are based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates on gold that present mixtures of arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD), a tripeptide that promotes cell adhesion by binding to cell surface integrin receptors, and oligo(ethyleneglycol) moieties, groups that resist nonbiospecific adsorption of proteins and cells. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy was used to measure the adsorption of carbonic anhydrase and fibrinogen to mixed SAMs comprising RGD groups ((EG)6OGRGD) and tri(ethylene glycol) groups ((EG)3OH); SAMs having values of the mole fraction of RGD (χRGD) ≤ 0.05 adsorbed nearly undetectable levels of carbonic anhydrase or fibrinogen. Bovine capillary endothelial cells attached and spread on SAMs at χRGD ≥ 0.00001, with spreading of cells reaching a maximum at χRGD ≥ 0.001. These mixed SAMs reduced the deposition of proteins by attached cells relative to both fibronectin adsorbed on SAMs of hexadecanethiolate on gold and RGD peptide coated on glass. After allowing cells to attach for 2 or 4 h to any of these surfaces presenting RGD groups, addition of soluble GRGDSP to the medium contacting the adherent cells rapidly released them from the surfaces. However, if cells were allowed to attach to surfaces for 24 h, only those cells attached to the mixed SAM presenting (EG)6OGRGD and (EG)3OH groups could be released using the soluble GRGDSP at a rate comparable to cells attached to fibronectin for 2 h. These results demonstrate that RGD alone is sufficient for adhesion and survival of cells over 24 h.
The Pepper Transcription Factor<i>CaPF1</i>Confers Pathogen and Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis (2004)

An ERF/AP2-type transcription factor (CaPF1) was isolated by differential-display reverse transcription-PCR, following inoculation of the soybean pustule pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv glycines 8ra, which induces hypersensitive response in pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves. CaPF1 mRNA was induced under conditions of biotic and abiotic stress. Higher levels of CaPF1 transcripts were observed in disease-resistant tissue compared with susceptible tissue. CaPF1 expression was additionally induced using various treatment regimes, including ethephon, methyl jasmonate, and cold stress. To determine the role of CaPF1 in plants, transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing higher levels of CaPF1 were generated. Gene expression analyses of transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco revealed that the CaPF1 level in transgenic plants affects expression of genes that contain either a GCC or a CRT/DRE box in their promoter regions. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing CaPF1 displayed tolerance against freezing temperatures and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. Disease tolerance was additionally observed in CaPF1 transgenic tobacco plants. The results collectively indicate that CaPF1 is an ERF/AP2 transcription factor in hot pepper plants that may play dual roles in response to biotic and abiotic stress in plants.
An object-oriented scripting interface to a legacy electronic structure code (2002)

The authors have created an object-oriented scripting interface to a mature density functional theory code. The interface gives users a high-level, flexible handle on the code without rewriting the underlying number-crunching code. The authors also discuss the design issues and advantages of homogeneous interfaces.
Microalgal biofactories: a promising approach towards sustainable omega-3 fatty acid production (2012)

Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) provide significant health benefits and this has led to an increased consumption as dietary supplements. Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA are found in animals, transgenic plants, fungi and many microorganisms but are typically extracted from fatty fish, putting additional pressures on global fish stocks. As primary producers, many marine microalgae are rich in EPA (C20:5) and DHA (C22:6) and present a promising source of omega-3 fatty acids. Several heterotrophic microalgae have been used as biofactories for omega-3 fatty acids commercially, but a strong interest in autotrophic microalgae has emerged in recent years as microalgae are being developed as biofuel crops. This paper provides an overview of microalgal biotechnology and production platforms for the development of omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. It refers to implications in current biotechnological uses of microalgae as aquaculture feed and future biofuel crops and explores potential applications of metabolic engineering and selective breeding to accumulate large amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in autotrophic microalgae.
Arterial Regeneration Over Absorbable Prostheses (1982)

Small-vessel arterial replacement by a prosthetic material elicits inflammatory and regenerative reactions that alter the patency rate of the resultant prosthesis-tissue complex. Woven absorbable polyglycolic acid prostheses, 24 mm in length, were implanted into adult rabbit aortas and followed for 7 1/2 months. At the time the animals were killed, 45 specimens were studied grossly and by arteriography, light and electron microscopy, immunohistology, and bursting-strength determinations. No rabbit died of aortic-related complications. Mild dilation occurred in 11% (five specimens), and intimal hyperplasia occurred in 13% (six specimens), with 76% (34 specimens) displaying parallel walls at the original 3- to 4-mm diameter. Microscopy showed that the prostheses were replaced by regenerating endothelialized vessels containing smooth musclelike myofibroblasts and dense fibroplasia, without thrombosis or infection. All withstood saline solution infusion at three to five times the systolic pressure. Results of these studies demonstrate conditions that permit arterial regeneration over absorbable scaffolds.
MURF2B, a Novel LC3-Binding Protein, Participates with MURF2A in the Switch between Autophagy and Ubiquitin Proteasome System during Differentiation of C2C12 Muscle Cells (2013)

The ubiquitin proteasome system and macroautophagy are proteolytic pathways essential in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis during differentiation and remodelling of skeletal muscle. In both pathways, proteins to be degraded are tagged with polyubiquitin. In skeletal muscles, the MURF2 proteins display E3 ubiquitin ligase structure suggesting that they may covalently attach ubiquitin polypeptides to still unknown target proteins. So far only MURF2A isoforms were studied and shown to interact with p62/SQSTM1, a protein implicated in macroautophagic and ubiquitin proteasome system degradations. Here, we analyzed the MURF2B and MURF2A proteins and show that the ratio of the isoforms changes during differentiation of muscle C2C12 cells and that the shift of the isoforms expression follows the sequential activation of autophagic or proteasomal degradation. We also show that MURF2B has a functional domain needed for its interaction with LC3, a protein needed for autophagic vesicles formation. Using specific MURF2 RNAi cells we observed that MURF2A and MURF2B are both needed for the formation of autophagosomes and that in the absence of MURF2B, the cells expressing MURF2A display an activated ubiquitin proteasome system implicated in the degradation of p62/SQSTM1 by UPS. Altogether, our results indicate that MURF2A and MURF2B proteins could participate in the molecular switch between the two ubiquitin degradative pathways.
Magnetite–Maghemite Nanoparticles in the 5–15 nm Range: Correlating the Core–Shell Composition and the Surface Structure to the Magnetic Properties. A Total Scattering Study. (2013)

Very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by innovative synchrotron X-ray total scattering methods and Debye function analysis. Using the information from both Bragg and diffuse scattering, size-dependent core–shell magnetite–maghemite compositions and full size (number- and mass-based) distributions were derived within a coherent approach. The magnetite core radii in 10 nm sized NPs well match the magnetic domain sizes and show a clear correlation to the saturation magnetization values, while the oxidized shells seem to be magnetically silent. Very broad superstructure peaks likely produced by the polycrystalline nature of the surface layers were experimentally detected in room temperature oxidized samples. Effective magnetic anisotropy constants, derived by taking the knowledge of the full size-distributions into account, show an inverse dependence on the NPs size, witnessing a major surface contribution. Finally, an additional amorphous component was uncovered within the diffuse scattering of the “ordered” magnetite–maghemite NPs. Under the hypothesis that this material may form an external dead layer, an additional thickness varying between 0.3 and 1.0 nm should be added to the overall core–shell NPs size.
"MORITZ" a pipe crawler for tube junctions (2004)

This paper deals with the further development of the tube crawling robot "MORITZ", which was built at the Technical University of Munich. This robot can climb through pipes of different inclinations. It is improved in the recent research project, so that it also can manage tube junctions. After a brief introduction about problems concerning such a robot the used gait pattern is explained. Additionally some simulation results-showing the load at the robot during a motion through a tube crossing-are presented. Moreover the new developed joints in the central body as well as the sensors are described. The paper ends with a brief description of the crawler's control and its modifications for the new climbing maneuver in tube crossings.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Substituted Pyridylamides of Aroylpyruvic Acids. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Unconventional Route to High-Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells via Embedding Graphitic Thin Films into TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticle Photoanode (2011)

Graphitic thin films embedded with highly dispersed titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles were incorporated for the first time into the conventional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), resulting in a remarkably improved cell efficiency due to its superior electron conductivity. Massively ordered arrays of TiO(2) dots embedded in carbon matrix were fabricated via UV-stabilization of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) films containing TiO(2) precursors followed by direct carbonization. For dye-sensitized TiO(2) based solar cells containing carbon/TiO(2) thin layers at both sides of pristine TiO(2) layer, an increase of 62.3% [corrected] in overall power conversion efficiency was achieved compared with neat TiO(2)-based DSSCs. Such a remarkably improved cell efficiency was ascribed to the superior electron conductivity and extended electron lifetime elucidated by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy.
An efficient database storage structure for large dynamic objects (2003)

The author presents storage structures and algorithms for the efficient manipulation of general-purpose large unstructured objects in a database system. The large object is stored in a sequence of variable-size segments, each of which consists of a large number of physically contiguous disk blocks. A tree structure indexes byte positions within the object. Disk space management is based on the binary buddy system. The scheme supports operations that replace, insert, delete bytes at arbitrary positions within the object, and append bytes at the end of the object.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An efficient iterative DFT-based channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM systems on multipath channels (2008)

In this paper, an efficient iterative discrete Fourier transform (DFT) -based channel estimator with good performance for multiple-input and multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems such as IEEE 802.11n which retain some sub-carriers as null sub-carriers (or virtual carriers) is proposed. In order to eliminate the mean-square error (MSE) floor effect existed in conventional DFT-based channel estimators, we proposed a low-complexity method to detect the significant channel impulse response (CIR) taps, which neither need any statistical channel information nor a predetermined threshold value. Analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method has much better performance than conventional DFT-based channel estimators and without MSE floor effect.
Five-fold diamond structure of adamantane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFive-fold diamond structure of adamantane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acidOtto. ErmerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 12, 3747–3754Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00220a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1906Altmetric-Citations351LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts