gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Darstellung und Röntgenstrukturanalyse des polymeren Trimethylstannylpertechnetats, {(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>SnOTcO<sub>3</sub>}<sub>n</sub> (1991)

Reaction of TcO 7 with (CH 3 ) 4 Sn yields besides {(CH 3 ) 3 SnOTcO 3 } n (5) also CH 3 TcO 3 (4) and [(CH 3 ) 2 TcO 2 ] 2 (3). 5 is not isomorphous with {(CH 3 ) 3 SnOReO 3 } n (6), the trimethylstannyl perrhenate, though both compounds have a zickzack chaine structure. 5 is monoclinic (C 2h 5 -P2 1 /c) with a = 961.6(9), b = 764.5(6), c = 1190.1(7) pm, β = 91.16(7)°, Z = 4, V = 874.71 × 10 6 pm 3 , d rö = 2.48 g/cm 3 . While 6 possesses a crystallographic mirror plane 5 does not.
DnaK Functions as a Central Hub in the E. coli Chaperone Network (2012)

Cellular chaperone networks prevent potentially toxic protein aggregation and ensure proteome integrity. Here, we used Escherichia coli as a model to understand the organization of these networks, focusing on the cooperation of the DnaK system with the upstream chaperone Trigger factor (TF) and the downstream GroEL. Quantitative proteomics revealed that DnaK interacts with at least ~700 mostly cytosolic proteins, including ~180 relatively aggregation-prone proteins that utilize DnaK extensively during and after initial folding. Upon deletion of TF, DnaK interacts increasingly with ribosomal and other small, basic proteins, while its association with large multidomain proteins is reduced. DnaK also functions prominently in stabilizing proteins for subsequent folding by GroEL. These proteins accumulate on DnaK upon GroEL depletion and are then degraded, thus defining DnaK as a central organizer of the chaperone network. Combined loss of DnaK and TF causes proteostasis collapse with disruption of GroEL function, defective ribosomal biogenesis, and extensive aggregation of large proteins.
Chirality-Resolved Length Analysis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Samples through Shear-Aligned Photoluminescence Anisotropy (2008)

An efficient new method is demonstrated for measuring length distributions of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through analysis of their highly polarized photoluminescence when aligned by shear flows. Instrumentation and procedures are developed to characterize nanotube lengths in bulk suspensions with rapid data acquisition and interpretation. Applying the method with spectrally resolved SWCNT emission provides the first measurements of (n,m)-specific length distributions. A positive correlation is found between average length and nanotube diameter, although this correlation is weaker following extensive sample centrifugation. Intense sonication shortened all nanotube species and had the strongest effect on those with small diameters. The new method should provide a useful alternative to atomic force microscopy for characterizing SWCNT lengths.
A flexible overlay architecture for mobile IPv6 multicast (2005)

The Internet has evolved from a wired infrastructure to a hybrid of wired and wireless domains. As network access is now provided with much of the last mile being a wireless mobile environment, delivering rich multimedia to users is now a necessity. However, despite the advent of new technology and standards such as Mobile Internet protocol version 6 (MIPv6), there is still an important dilemma over the choice of systems that either achieve high levels of performance or offer easier deployment. The very deployment of IPv6 is delayed for this reason; network providers continue to use legacy systems. The goal of this paper then is to offer insight into this issue by examining the case of data streaming to MIPv6 users through the use of multicast. By specifically considering the debate over network and application layer multicast, we examine a spectrum of possible alternatives and evaluate the potential of enhancing the functionality of access routers. The result is an overlay architecture that can bring the desired balance between deployment complexity and performance.
Functional and morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock (2005)

The gut barrier of the rats was seriously damaged at the early phase of ischemic reperfusion injury after hemorrhagic shock, which included the injury and atrophy in intestinal mucosa and the increasing of intestinal permeability. Simultaneously, the intestinal mucosa also showed its great repairing potentiality, such as the improvement of the intestinal permeability and the recovery of the morphology at different phases after ischemic reperfusion injury. The restitution of gut barrier function was obviously slower than that of the morphology and there was no direct correlation between them. Compared with the small intestine, the large intestine had stronger potentiality against injury. The reduction of the amount of intestinal goblet cells by injury did not influence the ability of intestinal mucosal restitution at a certain extent and it appeared to be intimately involved in the restitution of the epithelium.
Host-Specific Toxins and Chemical Structures from <i>Alternaria</i> Species (1983)

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth–promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for ...Read More
Coupled personalization of cardiac electrophysiology models for prediction of ischaemic ventricular tachycardia (2011)

In order to translate the important progress in cardiac electrophysiology modelling of the last decades into clinical applications, there is a requirement to make macroscopic models that can be used for the planning and performance of the clinical procedures. This requires model personalization, i.e. estimation of patient-specific model parameters and computations compatible with clinical constraints. Simplified macroscopic models can allow a rapid estimation of the tissue conductivity, but are often unreliable to predict arrhythmias. Conversely, complex biophysical models are more complete and have mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis and arrhythmia sustainibility, but are computationally expensive and their predictions at the organ scale still have to be validated. We present a coupled personalization framework that combines the power of the two kinds of models while keeping the computational complexity tractable. A simple eikonal model is used to estimate the conductivity parameters, which are then used to set the parameters of a biophysical model, the Mitchell-Schaeffer (MS) model. Additional parameters related to action potential duration restitution curves for the tissue are further estimated for the MS model. This framework is applied to a clinical dataset derived from a hybrid X-ray/magnetic resonance imaging and non-contact mapping procedure on a patient with heart failure. This personalized MS model is then used to perform an in silico simulation of a ventricular tachycardia (VT) stimulation protocol to predict the induction of VT. This proof of concept opens up possibilities of using VT induction modelling in order to both assess the risk of VT for a given patient and also to plan a potential subsequent radio-frequency ablation strategy to treat VT.
Mutations in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Cytochrome <i>b</i> That Are Associated with Atovaquone Resistance Are Located at a Putative Drug-Binding Site (2000)

Atovaquone is the major active component of the new antimalarial drug Malarone. Considerable evidence suggests that malaria parasites become resistant to atovaquone quickly if atovaquone is used as a sole agent. The mechanism by which the parasite develops resistance to atovaquone is not yet fully understood. Atovaquone has been shown to inhibit the cytochrome bc(1) (CYT bc(1)) complex of the electron transport chain of malaria parasites. Here we report point mutations in Plasmodium falciparum CYT b that are associated with atovaquone resistance. Single or double amino acid mutations were detected from parasites that originated from a cloned line and survived various concentrations of atovaquone in vitro. A single amino acid mutation was detected in parasites isolated from a recrudescent patient following atovaquone treatment. These mutations are associated with a 25- to 9,354-fold range reduction in parasite susceptibility to atovaquone. Molecular modeling showed that amino acid mutations associated with atovaquone resistance are clustered around a putative atovaquone-binding site. Mutations in these positions are consistent with a reduced binding affinity of atovaquone for malaria parasite CYT b.
Wyner-Ziv video coding with multi-resolution motion refinement: theoretical analysis and practical significance (2007)

The accuracy of motion estimation (ME) plays an important role in improving the coding efficiency of Wyner-Ziv video coding (WZVC). Most existing WZVC schemes perform ME at the decoder. The unavailability of the current frame on the decoder side usually impairs the accuracy of ME, which also causes the degradation of coding efficiency of WZVC. To improve the accuracy of ME, some works in the literature assume the current frame can be progressively decoded, and the decoder iteratively refines the motion field based on each partially decoded image. In this paper, we present an analytical model to estimate the potential gain by employing multi-resolution motion refinement (MMR), assuming the current frame is progressively decoded in the frequency domain. The theoretical results show that at high rates, WZVC with MMR falls about 1.5 dB behind the conventional inter-frame coding, but outperforms WZVC with motion extrapolation by 0.9 to 5 dB. Significant gain has also been observed in the simulations using real video data.
Serotype B staphylococcal bacteriophage singly converting staphylokinase (1977)

A new staphylococcal phage, Pphi-2, which could convert the capability of producing staphylokinase, was isolated. The phage is different from the phage reported by Winkler and co-workers [Nature(London) 195:407-408, 1962; J. Gen. Microbiol. 39:321-333, 1965]. The former is a single-converting phage belonging to serotype B, but the latter is a serotype F phage capable of converting not only staphylokinase but also beta-hemolysin. Staphylokinase, i.e., the fibrinolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, therefore, can now be classified into three types. One is controlled by the genes on the bacterial chromosome, and the other two are mediated by lysogenic conversion by prophage Pphi-2 and the classical phage reported by Winkler and co-workers.
Identification and characterization of a new surface membrane antigen found predominantly on malignant B lymphocytes (1990)

A monoclonal antibody, 1D10, was derived that identifies a new antigenic epitope on the surface of malignant B lymphocytes. Normal resting and stimulated lymphocytes do not express the antigen. The majority of individuals with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection express the antigen on their lymphocytes, and in these patients, the T lymphocyte may also be antigen positive. The antigen was found on B-lymphoid neoplasia from the early pre-B cell stage through terminally differentiated plasma cells, a characteristic not reported for other B cell-associated antigens. Studies on homozygous typing cells and cells from individuals with known HLA phenotypes indicate that the antigen does not segregate in a pattern characteristic for major histocompatibility antigens. The molecule is a heterodimeric polypeptide with the molecular weight and isoelectric points of the alpha and beta chains being 32,000 d/4 and 28,000 d/6, respectively. Evidence is presented that the 1D10 molecule is not HLA-DR, -DP, or -DQ. By extrapolation, we suggest that this novel molecule may represent HLA D-region gene expression of a gene(s) not normally expressed. Potential candidates are D-region pseudogenes. We conclude that the antigenic epitope identified by the 1D10 monoclonal antibody is unique among previously described B-lymphocyte antigens. Further studies of the factors controlling the expression of this molecule, as well as studies designed to look at the possible cellular function, may provide insights for understanding crucial events in the malignant transformation of lymphocytes.
Penetration and haptenation of<i>p</i>‐phenylenediamine (2013)

Although p-phenylenediamine (PPD) has been recognized as an extreme sensitizer for many years, the exact mechanism of sensitization has not been elucidated yet. Penetration and the ability to bind to proteins are the first two hurdles that an allergen has to overcome to be able to sensitize. This review is an overview of studies regarding PPD penetration through skin (analogues) and studies on the amino acids that are targeted by PPD. To complete this review, the auto-oxidation and N-acetylation steps involved in PPD metabolism are described. In summary, under normal hair dyeing exposure conditions, <1% of the applied PPD dose penetrates the skin. The majority (>80%) of PPD that penetrates will be converted into the detoxification products monoacetyl-PPD and diacetyl-PPD by the N-acetyltransferase enzymes. The small amount of PPD that does not become N-acetylated is susceptible to auto-oxidation reactions, yielding protein-reactive PPD derivatives. These derivatives may bind to specific amino acids, and some of the formed adducts might be the complexes responsible for sensitization. However, true in vivo evidence is lacking, and further research to unravel the definite mechanism of sensitization is needed.
A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH TO PREDICTING PEPTIDE FRAGMENTATION SPECTRA (2005)

Accurate peptide identification from tandem mass spectrometry experiments is the cornerstone of proteomics. Although various approaches for matching database sequences with experimental spectra have been developed to date (e.g. Sequest, Mascot) the sensitivity and specificity of peptide identification have not yet reached their full potential. This is in part due to the tradeoffs between robustness and accuracy of the existing methods with respect to the non-uniform nature of peptide fragmentation and bond cleavages induced by different mass spectrometers. Accordingly, it is expected that new approaches to de novo predicting peptide fragmentation spectra will enable more accurate peptide identification. To address this problem, here we used a data-driven approach to learn peptide fragmentation rules in mass spectrometry, in the form of posterior probabilities, for various fragment-ion types of doubly and triply charged precursor ions. We show that the accuracy of our neural-network based methodology is useful for subsequent peptide database searches and that the most useful rules of fragmentation significantly differ across ion and precursor types.
Dissection of the Golgi complex. I. Monensin inhibits the transport of viral membrane proteins from medial to trans Golgi cisternae in baby hamster kidney cells infected with Semliki Forest virus. (1983)

Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells were infected with Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and, 2 h later, were treated for 4 h with 10 microM monensin. Each of the four to six flattened cisternae in the Golgi stack became swollen and separated from the others. Intracellular transport of the viral membrane proteins was almost completely inhibited, but their synthesis continued and they accumulated in the swollen Golgi cisternae before the monensin block. In consequence, these cisternae bound large numbers of viral nucleocapsids and were easily distinguished from other swollen cisternae such as those after the block. These intracellular capsid-binding membranes (ICBMs) were not stained by cytochemical markers for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (glucose-6-phosphatase) or trans Golgi cisternae (thiamine pyrophosphatase, acid phosphatase) but were labeled by Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA) in thin, frozen sections. Since this lectin labels only Golgi cisternae in the middle and on the trans side of the stack (Griffiths, G., R. Brands, B. Burke, D. Louvard, and G. Warren, 1982, J. Cell Biol., 95:781-792), we conclude that ICBMs are derived from Golgi cisternae in the middle of the stack, which we term medial cisternae. The overall movement of viral membrane proteins appears to be from cis to trans Golgi cisternae (see reference above), so monensin would block movement from medial to the trans cisternae. It also blocked the trimming of the high-mannose oligosaccharides bound to the viral membrane proteins and their conversion to complex oligosaccharides. These functions presumably reside in trans Golgi cisternae. This is supported by data in the accompanying paper, in which we also show that fatty acids are covalently attached to the viral membrane proteins in the cis or medial cisternae. We suggest that the Golgi stack can be divided into three functionally distinct compartments, each comprising one or two cisternae. The viral membrane proteins, after leaving the ER, would all pass in sequence from the cis to the medial to the trans compartment.
Historical Activities in the Trans-Mississippi Northwest, 1916-1917 (1917)

Historical Activities in the trans-Mississippi Northwest, 1916–1917 Get access Dan Elbert Clark Dan Elbert Clark State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 4, Issue 3, December 1917, Pages 342–361, https://doi.org/10.2307/1888596 Published: 01 December 1917
Vertical smear noise model for MOS-type color imager (1985)

The smear noise in an MOS imager was analyzed based on the three types of generation mechanisms: capacitive coupling, carrier diffusion, and light leakage. The measured smear performance was explained by these analyses. The results lead to the conclusion that the main cause of smear in an MOS imager is due to the component of light leakage.
The True Performance of the Simplified Data-Transition Tracking Loop (1997)

The tracking performance of a simplified (no transition detector in the in-phase arm and no delay in the quadrature arm) data transition tracking loop (SDTTL) suggested in the conference literature (Chiu and Lee, 1987) a number of years ago for symbol synchronization of an NRZ data stream is presented. It is shown that, contrary to what was previously stated in Chiu and Lee, 1987, the SDTTL and the traditional DTTL have performances that are quite different, the latter always being the more superior. In fact, asymptotically for large symbol SNR, the mean-squared timing error of the SDTTL is 3 dB worse than that of the DTTL which considerably negates its implementation simplification. Even at low SNR, where neither scheme would be motivated by maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation of symbol sync considerations, the DTTL still outperforms the SDTTL.
Privacy in the Smart City: Implications of Sensor Network Design, Law, and Policy for Locational Privacy (2016)

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06
WalkieLokie: Relative Positioning for Augmented Reality Using a Dummy Acoustic Speaker (2015)

We propose and implement a novel relative positioning system, WalkieLokie, to enable more kinds of Augmented Reality applications, e.g., virtual shopping guide, virtual business card sharing. WalkieLokie calculates the distance and direction between an inquiring user and the corresponding target. It only requires a dummy speaker binding to the target and broadcasting inaudible acoustic signals. Then the user walking around can obtain the position using a smart device. The key insight is that when a user walks, the distance between the smart device and the speaker changes; and the pattern of displacement (variance of distance) corresponds to the relative position. We use a second-order phase locked loop to track the displacement and further estimate the position. To enhance the accuracy and robustness of our strategy, we propose a synchronization mechanism to synthesize all estimation results from different timeslots. We show that the mean error of ranging and direction estimation is 0.63m and 2.46 degrees respectively, which is accurate even in case of virtual business card sharing. Furthermore, in the shopping mall where the environment is quite severe, we still achieve high accuracy of positioning one dummy speaker, and the mean position error is 1.28m.
Electrochemical detection optimized for capillary liquid chromatographic determination of neuroactive compounds (2011)

Analyzing microdialysates sampled from the brain area of interest using HPLC is the most popular method among neuroscientists to measure extracellular neurotransmitters. An optimized capillary UHPLC-ECD system is capable of measuring basal concentration of serotonin in microdialysis samples and can be coupled with microdialysis to for on-line measurements. Due to the low abundance of some neurochemicals and the complex nature of biological matrices, the detection method has to be sensitive and selective and needs to be optimized. Miniaturization of the electrochemical flow cell detector is critical to improving the sensitivity especially in a capillary separation system. Fabricating the spacer in the flow cell using a novel photosensitive polymer coating offers the convenience of controllable thickness and easy assembling, which leads to improvement in detector performance. The advantage of the thin polymer coating as the spacer is demonstrated by comparing the performance with that of a traditional free standing spacer. A dual working electrode electrochemical detector increases detection selectivity based on the difference in the electrochemical reversibility of analytes. Carbon fiber/epoxy composite materials are commercially available in various shapes and sizes at very low cost. Using tube and rod composites, a ring-disk electrode with a 20 µm gap between the ring and the disk is successfully fabricated through a unique two-step insulation-adhesion process. The narrow gap is favorable for mass transfer in the generator-collector experiment. When assembled in an electrochemical radial-flow cell detector, the dual electrode gives high collection efficiency (0.8 for a chemically reversible species), which enhances the detection selectivity. Carbon electrodes can also be replaced with naphthalenethiol modified gold electrodes. The modification monolayer suppresses the background current from Au while giving detectable current for biological analytes with sensitivity comparable to a glassy carbon electrode.
Development of an indirect ELISA for the detection of serum IgG antibodies against region IV of phase 1 flagellin of Salmonella enterica serovar Brandenburg in sheep (2009)

Region IV of phase 1 flagellin (FliC) of Salmonella enterica serovar Brandenburg (S. Brandenburg) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by nickel chelate affinity chromatography. The purified recombinant protein was evaluated for its suitability as an antigen in an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies in sheep sera. A cut-off value of 0.1 was calculated using 80 serum samples collected from sheep with no previous history of S. Brandenburg. In the present study we show the results of ELISA with field sera collected from 81 sheep naturally infected with S. Brandenburg. The assay was able to detect antibodies belonging to the IgG class with a sensitivity of 93.8 %. Thus, indirect ELISA might be a suitable screening tool for serological monitoring of sheep flocks infected with S. Brandenburg.