gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large S-section-ring-cavity diode lasers: directional switching, electrical diagnostics, and mode beating spectra (2005)

Semiconductor lasers with monolithically integrated ring cavities exceeding 1 cm in perimeter were fabricated and characterized optically and electrically. Directional switching was observed, influenced by S-section seeding of unidirectional operation. The lasing threshold was identified by differential current-voltage measurements, which are also shown to be useful in monitoring directional switching. Mode beating was observed at three radio-frequency bands: 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 GHz.
A waiting-time based backoff algorithm in the IEEE 802.11 based wireless networks (2012)

In this paper a new backoff algorithm is proposed to enhance both the delay and the throughput performance of IEEE 802.11b MAC protocol. The proposed waiting time based backoff algorithm (WBA), observes the Waiting-time of each station during the backoff procedure in order to estimate the size of contention window in the network. The main objective of our investigation is to examine the performance of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol with our proposed algorithm and compare with the standard backoff algorithm i.e. Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm. The simulation results show that the WBA algorithm outperforms the standard backoff algorithm because it has better adaptability to the network load variations.
Pyridinium ylids in synthesis. III. Synthesis of indolizines (1967)

Treatment of pyridinium, quinolinium, and isoquinolinium ylids with acetylenes yields indolizine derivatives. Pyridinium phenacylid with iodine in dimethylacetamide gives 1,2,3-tribenzoylindolizine. Decomposition of pyridinium phenacylid in the presence of copper or copper oxide affords 1,3-dibenzoylindolizine.
Association of Src Tyrosine Kinase with a Human Potassium Channel Mediated by SH3 Domain (1996)

The human Kv1.5 potassium channel (hKv1.5) contains proline-rich sequences identical to those that bind to Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. Direct association of the Src tyrosine kinase with cloned hKv1.5 and native hKv1.5 in human myocardium was observed. This interaction was mediated by the proline-rich motif of hKv1.5 and the SH3 domain of Src. Furthermore, hKv1.5 was tyrosine phosphorylated, and the channel current was suppressed, in cells coexpressing v-Src. These results provide direct biochemical evidence for a signaling complex composed of a potassium channel and a protein tyrosine kinase.
The F-Box Protein AhSLF-S<sub>2</sub> Physically Interacts with S-RNases That May Be Inhibited by the Ubiquitin/26S Proteasome Pathway of Protein Degradation during Compatible Pollination in Antirrhinum (2004)

Self-incompatibility S-locus-encoded F-box (SLF) proteins have been identified in Antirrhinum and several Prunus species. Although they appear to play an important role in self-incompatible reaction, functional evidence is lacking. Here, we provide several lines of evidence directly implicating a role of AhSLF-S(2) in self-incompatibility in Antirrhinum. First, a nonallelic physical interaction between AhSLF-S(2) and S-RNases was demonstrated by both coimmunoprecipitation and yeast two-hybrid assays. Second, AhSLF-S(2) interacts with ASK1- and CULLIN1-like proteins in Antirrhinum, and together, they likely form an Skp1/Cullin or CDC53/F-box (SCF) complex. Third, compatible pollination was specifically blocked after the treatment of the proteasomal inhibitors MG115 and MG132, but they had little effect on incompatible pollination both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the ubiquitin/26S proteasome activity is involved in compatible pollination. Fourth, the ubiquitination level of style proteins was increased substantially after compatible pollination compared with incompatible pollination, and coimmunoprecipitation revealed that S-RNases were ubiquitinated after incubating pollen proteins with compatible but not with incompatible style proteins, suggesting that non-self S-RNases are possibly degraded by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway. Fifth, the S-RNase level appeared to be reduced after 36 h of compatible pollination. Taken together, these results show that AhSLF-S(2) interacts with S-RNases likely through a proposed SCF(AhSLF-S2) complex that targets S-RNase destruction during compatible rather than incompatible pollination, thus providing a biochemical basis for the inhibition of pollen tube growth as observed in self-incompatible response in Antirrhinum.
Annie Stories. Doris Brett McPhee Gribble Penguin, Australia., 1986. $12.95. 207pp (1988)

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Osteoarthritis in cynomolgus macaques: A primate model of naturally occurring disease (1994)

The objective of the present study was to determine if naturally occurring osteoarthritis of the knee joints that is similar to the condition in humans develops in cynomolgus macaques. Knee joints from 58 young adult (mean age, 7.4 years) female cynomolgus macaques were studied with x-ray densitometry, high-detail radiography, and histology. The animals studied were subjects in a triad designed to examine the effects of the administration of sex steroids on atherosclerosis; except for a control group, the monkeys had been either ovariectomized or treated with sex steroids for 2 years. Therefore, the data were analyzed to determine if these treatments, both of which can influence bone density, affected the severity of osteoarthritis. There was a high prevalence of osteoarthritic lesions, morphologically similar to those seen in humans. Bone changes were more common and severe than cartilage changes and morphologically appeared to precede the cartilage changes. Treatment with testosterone resulted in increased body weight, body mass index, and bone mineral content in the femur and tibia but did not affect the severity of osteoarthritis. These data indicate that naturally occurring osteoarthritis developed in the knee joints of cynomolgus macaques; these animals may be a useful model for the study of osteoarthritis in humans.
The Interphotoreceptor Matrix Mediates Primate Retinal Adhesion (1995)

Cone matrix sheath glycoconjugates are likely to play a major role in mediating retinal adhesion by forming a molecular bridge between the neural retina and the RPE.
Simulation of combined sources of intrinsic parameter fluctuations in a 'real' 35 nm MOSFET (2005)

A systematic simulation study of intrinsic parameter fluctuations within a real 35 nm MOSFET is presented. The simulations are calibrated against experimental data and a systematic analysis of the effects of discrete random dopants, line edge roughness and oxide thickness fluctuation on device behavior is performed. The combined effects of pairs of fluctuation sources are also studied showing the statistical independence of these sources.
Overexpression of TIMP-1 in Embryonic Stem Cells Attenuates Adverse Cardiac Remodeling following Myocardial Infarction (2012)

Transplanted embryonic stem (ES) cells, following myocardial infarction (MI), contribute to limited cardiac repair and regeneration with improved function. Therefore, novel strategies are still needed to understand the effects of genetically modified transplanted stem cells on cardiac remodeling. The present study evaluates whether transplanted mouse ES cells overexpressing TIMP-1, an antiapoptotic and antifibrotic protein, can enhance cardiac myocyte differentiation, inhibit native cardiac myocyte apoptosis, reduce fibrosis, and improve cardiac function in the infarcted myocardium. MI was produced in C57BL/6 mice by coronary artery ligation. TIMP-1-ES cells, ES cells, or culture medium (control) were transplanted into the peri-infarct region of the heart. Immunofluorescence, TUNEL staining, caspase-3 activity, ELISAs, histology, and echocardiography were used to identify newly differentiated cardiac myocytes and assess apoptosis, fibrosis, and heart function. Two weeks post-MI, significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced engraftment and cardiac myocyte differentiation was observed in TIMP-1-ES cell-transplanted hearts compared with hearts transplanted with ES cells and control. Hearts transplanted with TIMP-1-ES cells demonstrated a reduction in apoptosis as well as an increase (p< 0.05) in p-Akt activity compared with ES cells or culture media controls. Infarct size and interstitial and vascular fibrosis were significantly (p< 0.05) decreased in the TIMP-1-ES cell group compared to controls. Furthermore, MMP-9, a key profibrotic protein, was significantly (p < 0.01) reduced following TIMP-1-ES cell transplantation. Echocardiography data showed fractional shortening and ejection fraction were significantly (p< 0.05) improved in the TIMP-1-ES cell group compared with respective controls. Our data suggest that transplanted ES cells overexpressing TIMP-1 attenuate adverse myocardial remodeling and improve cardiac function compared with ES cells that may have therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine.
Alpha‐adrenergic antilipolytic effect of adrenaline in human fat cells of the thigh: comparison with adrenaline responsiveness of different fat deposits (1979)

Abstract. The present results show that isolated fat cells from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the lateral part of the thigh exhibit resistance to adrenaline. However, inability of adrenaline to induce lipolysis is not linked to a β‐receptor defect since a β‐adrenoceptor‐stimulating agent (isoproterenol) exerts a clear lipid mobilizing effect. The blocking of α‐adrenoceptors by phentolamine (an α‐adrenoblocking drug) unmasks the strong lipolytic effect of adrenaline. Moreover, our investigation demonstrates the occurrence of an inhibiting effect of adrenaline on theophylline‐induced lipolysis. This inhibitory effect is suppressed by phentolamine and strengthened by propranolol (β‐adrenoblocking drug). Thus it seems that one of the important facts able to explain adrenaline resistance of the adipocytes from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the thigh could be increased alpha‐adrenergic responsiveness initiated by mixed agonists such as adrenaline or noradrenaline. Moreover, our data demonstrate that the differences in the lipolytic responses to adrenaline between isolated fat cells taken from different sites could be linked to a variable α‐adrenergic‐inhibiting effect rather than a modified β‐adrenergic effect. In conclusion, the balance between the two receptor site activities could be different according to the anatomical localization of the fat deposits, thus explaining the differences in adrenaline responsiveness reported in this paper.
The Amino Terminal Lectin-Like Domain of Thrombomodulin Is Required for Constitutive Endocytosis (1997)

Thrombomodulin (TM) is a multidomain protein that serves as a cofactor in a major natural anticoagulant system. To further characterize the structure-function of TM, we have transfected COS cells with different truncated forms of TM. In the first form, COS cells expressing TM that lacks the putative signal peptide (17 residues); the lectin-like, hydrophobic N-terminal domain (226 residues); and 12 residues of the first epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeat (COSdel.238 cells) were found to function normally with respect to TM transport to the cell surface and thrombin-dependent protein C activation. However, in contrast to wild-type TM, as visually studied by immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy, the COSdel.238 cells did not constitutively internalize anti-TM-TM or thrombin-TM complexes. To identify the region responsible for mediating the endocytic process, deletant forms of TM lacking either the lectin-like region (residues 2-155) or the hydrophobic region of the N-terminal domain (residues 161-202) were expressed in COS cells (COSdel.2-155 and COSdel.161-202, respectively). Protein C cofactor activity was maintained in both cells. Although the COSdel.161-202 cells behaved similarly to wild-type TM-transfected cells, visual studies showed a lack of constitutive internalization of thrombin-TM or anti-TM-TM complexes in the COSdel.2-155 cells. We conclude that the lectin-like domain of human TM serves to regulate cell surface expression of TM via the endocytic route and therefore may also play a major physiologic role in controlling intracellular and extracellular accumulation of thrombin in a variety of biologic systems.
Solution to intelligent management and control of digital home (2010)

The digital home and internet of things, the new concepts of them have come into the community from the research-lab, now the people's lives have been much better, and they want to pursue the life style which is more comfortable, more convenient, simpler, more scientific and more rational. The paper introduces a design of the Digital home Intelligent Management System which is still on the exploitation. The system combines the digital home, internet of things and internet, and the control core of it consist of the ARM9 microprocessor and MCU(Micro Controller Unit), with the design of the corresponding hardware and software, it can manage all of the things that happened or will happen in home. Through the test, the remote control to home has come true, and the system reaches the level of the practice.
Probability distribution, conditional dissipation, and transport of passive temperature fluctuations in grid-generated turbulence (1992)

The evolution of the scalar probability density function (pdf), the conditional scalar dissipation rate, and other statistics including transport properties are studied for passive temperature fluctuations in decaying grid-generated turbulence. The effect of filtering and differentiating the time series is also investigated. For a nonzero mean temperature gradient it is shown that the pdf of the temperature fluctuations has pronounced exponential tails for turbulence Reynolds number (Rel) greater than 70 but below this value the pdf is close to Gaussian. The scalar dissipation rate, conditioned on the fluctuations, shows that there is a high expectation of dissipation in the presence of the large, rare fluctuations that produce the exponential tails. Significant positive correlation between the mean square scalar fluctuations and the instantaneous scalar dissipation rate is found when exponential tails occur. The case of temperature fluctuations in the absence of a mean gradient is also studied. Here, the results are less definite because the generation of the fluctuations (by means of fine heated wires) causes an asymmetry in the pdf. The results show, however, that the pdf is close to Gaussian and that the correlation between the mean square temperature fluctuations and the instantaneous scalar dissipation rate is very weak. For the linear profile case, measurements over the range 60≤Rel≤1100 show that the dimensionless heat flux Nu is proportional to Rel0.88 and that the transition from a Gaussian pdf to one with exponential tails occurs at Nu∼31, a value close to transitions observed in other recent mixing experiments conducted in entirely different turbulent flows.
Cisplatin sensitivity in cAMP-dependent protein kinase mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1998)

The emergence of cisplatin resistance poses a significant problem to the treatment of a variety of human malignancies. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of cisplatin resistance could improve the clinical effectiveness of this anticancer agent. Recently, our laboratory has demonstrated that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) mutants of the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and the mouse adrenocortical carcinoma Y1 cells exhibited increased resistance to cisplatin as well as other DNA-damaging drugs. Further studies showed that either the functional inactivation of PKA or the mutation in the regulatory subunit gene may cause increased recognition of cisplatin-damaged DNA and enhanced DNA repair capacity. In this study, we evaluated the role of PKA in modulating cellular sensitivity to cisplatin in a series of PKA mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutants with decreased kinase activity resulting from a srv2 mutation showed no alterations in cisplatin sensitivity. Complementation of TPK1 in a yeast strain containing mutant tpk1 and also tpk2 and tpk3 deletions did not significantly alter its sensitivity to this DNA-damaging agent. Yeast transformants containing increased kinase activity resulting from overexpression of RAS2Val19 or TPK1 and yeast strains having increased kinase activities due to mutations in the BCY1 gene also did not show alterations in their sensitivity to cisplatin. Therefore, results from these studies unambiguously demonstrate that changes in PKA activity have no effect on cisplatin sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Variable Pitch Reconstruction Using John's Equation (2008)

We present an algorithm to reconstruct helical cone beam computed tomography (CT) data acquired at variable pitch. The algorithm extracts a halfscan segment of projections using an extended version of the advanced single slice rebinning (ASSR) algorithm. ASSR rebins constant pitch cone beam data to fan beam projections that approximately lie on a plane that is tilted to optimally fit the source helix. For variable pitch, the error between the tilted plane chosen by ASSR and the source helix increases, resulting in increased image artifacts. To reduce the artifacts, we choose a reconstruction plane, which is tilted and shifted relative to the source trajectory. We then correct rebinned fan beam data using John's equation to virtually move the source into the tilted and shifted reconstruction plane. Results obtained from simulated phantom images and scanner images demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithm.
Energy-efficient adaptive MIMO systems leveraging dynamic spare capacity (2008)

In this paper, we propose an adaptive technique exploiting transmission mode switching between multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and single input multiple output (SIMO) with antenna selection to conserve mobile terminals' energy. We focus on saving uplink RF transmission energy in cellular systems supporting dynamic best effort (file transfer) traffic loads. The key idea is to judiciously slow down file transfer rates when a base station is underutilized. Due to the DC power components associated with the multiplicity of transmission chains, MIMO may have higher power consumption than SIMO. Thus, considering a desired user perceived target throughput as well as energy-efficiency, we propose an algorithm for mode switching (MIMO/SIMO) and rate selection. Extensive flow-level simulations under dynamic loads and Rayleigh fading channels confirm that the proposed technique can save more than 50 % of the mobile terminals' transmission energy and enable an effective tradeoff between performance and energy conservation.
Approaches to conserving natural enemy populations in greenhouse crops: current methods and future prospects (2014)

Biological pest control in greenhouse crops is usually based on periodical releases of mass-produced natural enemies, and this method has been successfully applied for decades. However, in some cases there are shortcomings in pest control efficacy, which often can be attributed to the poor establishment of natural enemies. Their establishment and population numbers can be enhanced by providing additional resources, such as alternative food, prey, hosts, oviposition sites or shelters. Furthermore, natural enemy efficacy can be enhanced by using volatiles, adapting the greenhouse climate, avoiding pesticide side-effects and minimizing disrupting food web complexities. The special case of high value crops in a protected greenhouse environment offers tremendous opportunities to design and manage the system in ways that increase crop resilience to pest infestations. While we have outlined opportunities and tools to develop such systems, this review also identifies knowledge gaps, where additional research is needed to optimize these tools.
Evidence for Cigarette Smoking as a Major Risk Factor for Periodontitis (1993)

The role of smoking as a risk factor for periodontitis was assessed separately in diabetic and nondiabetic study groups. Subject listings stratified for age (19 to 40 years) and sex were obtained for subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic subjects. For both the IDDM group (n = 132) and the nondiabetic group (n = 95), age and sex stratified samples were constructed by random selection of subjects from each subject listing. Patients were recruited by phone, examined, and their medical and dental histories obtained. Among nondiabetic subjects, the prevalence of periodontitis was markedly higher among current smokers compared with never smokers (P < or = 0.005) in both the 19 to 30 year-old (46% vs. 12%) and 31 to 40 year-old groups (88% vs. 33%). The subject mean percent of sites with gingival pocket depth > or = 4 mm was higher among current smokers than never smokers (P = 0.001) in the 19 to 30 (8.2% vs. 3.4%) and 31 to 40 (14.3% vs. 4.3%) age groups. The effects of smoking among IDDM subjects were similar to that observed in the nondiabetic population. There were no differences between current and never smokers in the proportion of sites positive for plaque. Attributable risk percents from prevalence data suggest that among nondiabetic subjects, a large proportion, perhaps as much as 51% of the periodontitis in the 19 to 30 year old group and 32% of the periodontitis in the 31 to 40 year old group, is associated with smoking.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Design and implementation of IPv6 packet forwarding engine for flow based router (2009)

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of IPv6 packet forwarding engine for flow based Router which has the capability to handle several millions of flows at wire speed in high-speed networks. The IPv6 packet forwarding engine allows the improvement of both its performance and its flexibility with existing Network Processors. The functionality of the design has been tested using the VCS simulation package. The design has been implemented in a virtex4vlx100-ff1148 device. The simulation environment was made to verify the performance of this engine with the external 10G MAC and NSE modeling files. The simulation results show that the IPv6 packet forwarding function including the external look-up can be completed in 10Gbps data rate with an minimum internal clock of 156.25 MHz under 64 bits parallel internal bus.
Electronic structure of conducting polymers: Limitations of oligomer extrapolation approximations and effects of heteroatoms (2003)

Density-functional methods are used to analyze the scaling of discrete oligomeric \ensuremath{\pi}-electron conducting molecules towards idealized isolated polymer chains, treated in periodic boundary conditions. The band gaps of a series of conjugated oligomers of incrementally increasing lengths exactly fit a nearly-free-electron molecular-orbital picture and exhibit a smooth deviation from the classical empirical ``1/N'' trend for long oligomers and infinite polymers. The calculations also show a smooth convergence of bond lengths. The full band structures and densities of states of a polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyfuran, and polythiophene show that band crossing, localized bands, and other effects cannot be accurately determined from simple extrapolation of oligomer electronic structures. Systematic comparisons of the electronic structure variations of the polymers investigated indicate that the electron affinity, rather than the electronegativity of the heteroatom or the bond-length alternation of the conjugated backbone, significantly affects the band gap of the resulting polymer as indicated by the presence of heteroatom states in the partial density of states of the conduction band, requiring revision of previous semiempirical analyses. Consequences for doping processes are also studied, along with a comparison of valence bandwidths, conduction bandwidths, and carrier effective masses as a function of heteroatom.