gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Model-Based Method for Multi-View Human Body Tracking and Its Application to View Transfer in Image-Based Rendering (2017)

This paper proposes a new multi-view human body tracking and model-based rendering system with a textured deformable human body model and explores its practical application to view transfer in image-based rendering (IBR). The proposed approach first reconstructs an initial 3-D model of the human subject offline using Kinect depth cameras or from a general 3-D model if such information is unavailable in the original data. The human pose of the subject is then tracked with multi-view videos using an annealed particle filter (APF)-based tracker with a new color-based likelihood function and a Bayesian-Kalman filter smoother. The previous captured model can then be deformed to the new position for model-based rendering. An immediate application of the proposed approach is to support fly-over effects for view transfer in IBR systems with limited cameras. It avoids the reconstruction of the complete dynamic 3-D model where a large number of cameras may be required. Moreover, for static background, the background can be rendered using IBR with precaptured depth maps to further enhance the user's experience. To reduce the artifacts during fly-over caused by tracking errors and model deformation, a novel morphing technique utilizing a new free-form deformation-based artifacts suppression (FFD-AS) method and other user interface design techniques are also proposed. It allows smooth transition between the original view and the model-rendered views. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using the publicly available HumanEva dataset and our captured RGB-D multi-view dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed APF-based tracker offered improved tracking performance compared with the conventional bidirectional silhouette likelihood criterion. The proposed morphing approach is also shown to be effective in mitigating the rendering artifacts during view transfer.
Activation of phospholipase D induced by platelet-derived growth factor is dependent upon the level of phospholipase C-gamma 1. (1994)

The mechanism of phospholipase D (PLD) activation by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was examined using a NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell line (3T3-gamma 1) that stably overexpresses PLC-gamma 1 isozyme. Immunoblot analysis revealed that 3T3-gamma 1 cells contained about 10-fold more PLC-gamma 1 than a control cell line (3T3-C) transfected with expression vector lacking PLC-gamma 1 cDNA. PDGF-stimulated PLD activation was 10-fold greater in 3T3-gamma 1 cells than in 3T3-C cells, indicating that PLD activation is dependent upon the level of PLC-gamma 1. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment increased PLD activity to a similar extent in both 3T3-gamma 1 cells and control cells. Pretreatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors including staurosporine and genistein decreased PLD activity by 82.6% and 87.2%, respectively, and completely blocked tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF receptor and PLC-gamma 1 in 3T3-gamma 1 cells stimulated with PDGF. Moreover, down-regulation of protein kinase C by pretreatment of PMA caused complete inhibition of PDGF- and PMA-stimulated PLD activation. Therefore, these results suggest that PDGF-induced PLD activation may be a consequence of primary stimulation of PLC-gamma 1 and that PLD may play a role downstream from PLC-gamma 1 in PDGF-triggered mitogenesis.
The Italian Reformers (1990)

Any brief discussion of efforts at enlightened reform in eighteenth-century Italy is difficult because of the deep and long-standing divisions within the peninsula, divisions which make satisfactory generalisation almost impossible. The most obvious aspect of these divisions was the splitting of Italy into a considerable number of separate states, many of them with long and proud histories of their own. All these states were now weak, most of them very weak, by the standards of the major European powers: many of them during the eighteenth century fell under the rule or dominant influence of foreigners. Thus the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, territorially much the largest, was a Habsburg possession from the Spanish Succession war until 1734, when Spanish control was reasserted to last for another generation. The duchy of Milan (Lombardy) was in Austrian hands from early in the century until the French conquest in 1796-97; and from 1737, with the extinction of the native Medici dynasty, the grand duchy of Tuscany was also a Habsburg possession, though never formally annexed to the main block of central European terrritories.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium Oxide from Hafnium Chloride and Water (2008)

Hafnium oxide (HfO2) is a leading candidate to replace silicon oxide as the gate dielectric for future generation metal-oxide-semiconductor based nanoelectronic devices. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has recently gained interest because of its suitability for fabrication of conformal films with thicknesses in the nanometer range. This study uses periodic density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the mechanisms of both half-reactions occurring on the growing surface during the ALD of HfO2 using HfCl4 and water as precursors. We find that the adsorption energy and the preferred site of adsorption of the metal precursor are strong functions of the water coverage. As water coverage increases, the metal precursor preferentially interacts with multiple surface adsorption sites. During the water pulse the removal of Cl can be facilitated by either a ligand exchange reaction or the dissociation of Cl upon increase in coordination of the Hf atom of the precursor. Our predicted potential energy surface indicates that a more likely mechanism is hydration of the adsorbed Hf complex up to a coordination number of 7, followed by the dissociation of a chloride ion that is stabilized by solvation. Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations of an adsorbed metal precursor in the presence of a multilayer of water shows that Cl dissociation is facile if sufficient water molecules are present to solvate the Cl(-) anions. Hence, solvation plays a crucial role during the water pulse and provides an alternative explanation for why ALD growth rates for this system decrease at high temperatures.
Introduction (1995)

The occupation of social work is currently in a period of change — both in Britain and many other Western countries — as the role of the state as a direct provider of services declines, resources for welfare reduce and new styles of management and accountability are introduced. This makes it both difficult to look at the ethics and values of social work (because old values may be becoming irrelevant and new ones beginning to emerge) but also particularly important. Social work has always been a difficult occupation to define because it has embraced work in a number of different sectors (public, private, independent, voluntary), a multiplicity of different settings (residential homes, area offices, community development projects) with workers taking on a range of different tasks (caring, controlling, empowering, campaigning, assessing, managing) for a variety of different purposes (redistribution of resources to those in need, social control and rehabilitation of the deviant, prevention or reduction of social problems). This diversity, or 'fragmentation' as some have called it, is currently increasing, which raises the question of whether the occupation can retain the rather tenuous identity it was seeking to develop in the 1970s and 1980s (Langan 1993).
A neurofuzzy color image segmentation method for wood surface defect detection (2005)

A crucial step in developing automated visual inspection systems for wood boards is image segmentation, which aims to achieve a high defect detection rate with a low false positive rate (clear wood areas identified as defect areas). In this study, a neurofuzzy color image segmentation method for wood surface defect detection is proposed. The method is called fuzzy min-max neural network for image segmentation (FMMIS). The FMMIS method grows boxes from a set of pixels called seeds, to find the minimum bounded rectangle (MBR) for each defect present in the wood board image. An automatic method to select seeds from defective regions as starting points to FMMIS is also presented. The FMMIS method was applied to a set of 900 images of radiata pine boards, which included samples from the following 10 categories of defects: birdseye and freckle, bark and pitch pockets, wane, splits, blue stain, stain, pith, dead knots, live knots, and holes. The FMMIS achieved a defect detection rate of 95 percent on the test set, with only 6 percent of false positives. To measure the quality of segmentation, the area recognition rate (ARR) criterion was computed using as a reference the manually placed MBR for each defect. The ARR achieved 94.4 percent on the test set. Also a relative index was used to compare the quality of segmentation between FMMIS and the segmentation module of a previously developed system, based on histogram thresholding. The results show that FMMIS allows us to obtain significant improvements compared with previous work.
Working under uncertainty and managing risk (2012)

Water managers and users are accustomed to working with – and making decisions under conditions of – risk and uncertainty. The predictability of water supplies derived from watersheds depends in part on nature, but precipitation, which typically becomes stream or river flow or infiltrates into a groundwater aquifer, is variable in character. The demands of water users can also vary and depend on uncertain population size and distribution, as well as on unpredictable weather and changing social and economic conditions. Costs and benefits of water treatment, distribution and use are always subject to uncertain market (and other) conditions. Technologies evolve and can offer new solutions, some as yet unknown or unimagined. Communities, corporations and irrigators, to mention a few users whose economic and social welfare depend on reliable supplies and qualities of water, have hedged their exposure to possible shortages and pollution, even prior to awareness that such uncertainties and risks are increasing due to changes in climate, population increases, lifestyle shifts and watershed conditions.
Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling for Real-Time Scheduling on a Prioritized SMT Processor (2011)

Cyber Physical Systems are composed of many embedded systems which monitor and control the physical processes for tight integrations of computation and physical processes. Such embedded systems require not only real-time capabilities but also high throughput and low power consumption. High throughput is mainly achieved by parallel architectures such as Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) and Chip Multiprocessor (CMP), and low power consumption is mainly achieved by Real-Time Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (RT-DVFS) under the real-time constraint. In this paper, we present a RT-DVFS algorithm called Hetero Efficiency to Logical Processor (HeLP) which can reduce power consumption easily and effectively in prioritized SMT processors. We also present Hetero Efficiency to Logical Processor with Temporal Migration (HeLP-TM) which applies the temporal migration technique to HeLP. Simulation results show that HeLP can reduce power consumption effectively and HeLPTM is more effective than HeLP.
A Ribonuclease Specific for 2'-O-Methylated Ribonucleic Acid (1967)

Abstract A ribonuclease has been isolated from Anacystis nidulans which cleaves phosphodiester linkage in ribonucleic acid which is methylated in the 2'-hydroxy position of ribose. It is active against a naturally occurring 2'-O-methyl RNA isolated from rhapidosomes and against chemically 2'-O-methylated yeast RNA. This enzyme (referred to as RNase α or 2'-O-methyl RNase) does not hydrolyze deoxyribonucleic acid, nor does it appreciably hydrolyze normal yeast RNA. 2'-O-Methyl RNase has been separated from another ribonuclease (RNase β) and has been purified 880-fold. The heat stability, the effect of metal ions, the pH optimum, and other properties are reported.
Notes - Vinyl Derivatives of Metals. III. Vinylmercuric Halides (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNotes - Vinyl Derivatives of Metals. III. Vinylmercuric HalidesDietmar SeyferthCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 4, 478Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1957Publication History Published online14 April 2003Published inissue 1 April 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01355a630https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01355a630research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pyrethroid Resistance in Heliothis armiger (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Australia (1984)

Data are presented for permethrin, fenvalerate, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin tested against laboratory-reared third-instar Heliothis armiger (Hübner) collected m Australia from 1977 to 1983. There was no evidence of resistance until January 1983 when a strain was submitted from cotton at Emerald, central Queensland, where pyrethroids had failed to give adequate control of H. armiger. Initial tests indicated that ca. 50%of the strain was resistant. Survivors of discriminating concentrations of cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and fenvalerate were retained to give a selected strain which was 15-fold, 20- to 30- fold, and 20-fold resistant, respectively, to these chemicals at the LC50. Selection at twice these concentrations gave a strain which was 50-fold resistant to fenvalerate. Resistance to permethrin another unselected field strain was ca. 10-fold. Forty-three strains of H. armiger were tested with a discriminating concentration of fenvalerate in 1983; resistant individuals were. Identified 17 of these. All five strains from Emerald contained a high proportion of resistant individuals. The results indicated a low overall frequency of resistant idividuals in the remaining cotton-growing areas in Queensland and New South Wales.
Secure precision time protocol in packet switched networks (2019)

IEEE 1588-2008 protocol is used to provide time and frequency synchronization in network. As time and frequency distribution protocols are becoming increasingly common and widely deployed across the networks, concern about their exposure to security threats and vulnerabilities are increasing. One can use external security mechanisms like IPSEC or MACSEC to safe-guard network from various attacks and not specific to timing protocols. To address security related threats IEEE 1588-2019 draft standard D1.5 defines a “PTP integrated security(PTPIS)” mechanism which is complex and not completely integrated because key management mechanism is left open. A simple and “ Fully PTP Integrated Security(FPTPIS)” mechanism which includes key management is proposed by introducing a new general message and TLV. This paper describes how new general message and TLV enables “fully PTPIS” and thus solving the security requirements of the RFC7384.
Weak ferroelectrics (1988)

Abstract A number of diverse and unusual properties of uniaxial ferroelectrics with the weak polar soft mode are explained and a few new properties are predicted on the foundation of a unified approach. It is proposed to separate out ferroelectrics with the weak polar soft mode into a “class of weak ferroelectrics”.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-deficient mice are protected from angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy (2006)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP), a chromatin-bound enzyme, is activated by cell oxidative stress. Because oxidative stress is also considered a main component of angiotensin II-mediated cell signaling, it was postulated that PARP could be a downstream target of angiotensin II-induced signaling leading to cardiac hypertrophy. To determine a role of PARP in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy, we infused angiotensin II into wild-type (PARP(+/+)) and PARP-deficient mice. Angiotensin II infusion significantly increased heart weight-to-tibia length ratio, myocyte cross-sectional area, and interstitial fibrosis in PARP(+/+) but not in PARP(-/-) mice. To confirm these results, we analyzed the effect of angiotensin II in primary cultures of cardiomyocytes. When compared with PARP(-/-) cardiomyocytes, angiotensin II (1 microM) treatment significantly increased protein synthesis in PARP(+/+) myocytes, as measured by (3)H-leucine incorporation into total cell protein. Angiotensin II-mediated hypertrophy of myocytes was accompanied with increased poly-ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and depletion of cellular NAD content. When cells were treated with cell death-inducing doses of angiotensin II (10-20 microM), robust myocyte cell death was observed in PARP(+/+) but not in PARP(-/-) myocytes. This type of cell death was blocked by repletion of cellular NAD levels as well as by activation of the longevity factor Sir2alpha deacetylase, indicating that PARP induction and subsequent depletion of NAD levels are the sequence of events causing angiotensin II-mediated cardiomyocyte cell death. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that PARP is a nuclear integrator of angiotensin II-mediated cell signaling contributing to cardiac hypertrophy and suggest that this could be a novel therapeutic target for the management of heart failure.
MAGNITUDE OF DRUG RESISTANT SHIGELLOSIS: A REPORT FROM BANGALORE (2009)

Shigella is an important cause of acute invasive diarrhea in children and others. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella spp. isolated from diarrhoeal/ dysenteric patients in Bangalore was studied in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2007. One hundred and thirty-four isolates were identified as Shigella species. S. flexneri, S. sonnei , S. boydii and S. dysenteriae were accounted respectively for 64.9%, 21.6%, 8.2% and 3.7% of the total number of Shigella isolated. Of these 56 (41.8%) were from children (0 to 14 years) and 78 (58.2%) were from adults and elderly patients. Over 70% of Shigella isolates were resistant to two or more drugs including Ampicillin and Co-trimoxazole. During 2002 to 2007, resistance to Ampicillin had increased from 46.7% to 68%. For Co-trimoxazole, though the resistance had gradually decreased from 100% to 72%, but still the resistance is high. Chloramphenicol resistance showed sudden decline from 73.3% to 25% from 2002 to 2003, but gradually has reached 48%. Nalidixic acid resistance was more than 70%. All isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin during the period 2002 to 2004, but over the years the resistance pattern gradually increased up to 48%. Ceftriaxone had shown no resistance. The results of the study revealed the endemicity of Shigellosis with S. flexneri as the predominant serogroup. Children were at a higher risk of severe shigellosis. The results also suggest that Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin should not be used empirically as the first line drugs in the treatment of Shigellosis. Periodic analysis and reporting of antibiotic susceptibility is an important measure to guide antibiotic treatment.
Optimal load shedding with aggregates and mining queries (2010)

To cope with bursty arrivals of high-volume data, a DSMS has to shed load while minimizing the degradation of Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper, we show that this problem can be formalized as a classical optimization task from operations research, in ways that accommodate different requirements for multiple users, different query sensitivities to load shedding, and different penalty functions. Standard nonlinear programming algorithms are adequate for non-critical situations, but for severe overloads, we propose a more efficient algorithm that runs in linear time, without compromising optimality. Our approach is applicable to a large class of queries including traditional SQL aggregates, statistical aggregates (e.g., quantiles), and data mining functions, such as k-means, naive Bayesian classifiers, decision trees, and frequent pattern discovery (where we can even specify a different error bound for each pattern). In fact, we show that these aggregate queries are special instances of a broader class of functions, that we call reciprocal-error aggregates, for which the proposed methods apply with full generality. Finally, we propose a novel architecture for supporting load shedding in an extensible system, where users can write arbitrary User Defined Aggregates (UDA), and thus confirm our analytical findings with several experiments executed on an actual DSMS.
Amplification of oxidative stress by a dual stimuli-responsive hybrid drug enhances cancer cell death (2015)

Cancer cells, compared with normal cells, are under oxidative stress associated with the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including H2O2 and are also susceptible to further ROS insults. Cancer cells adapt to oxidative stress by upregulating antioxidant systems such as glutathione to counteract the damaging effects of ROS. Therefore, the elevation of oxidative stress preferentially in cancer cells by depleting glutathione or generating ROS is a logical therapeutic strategy for the development of anticancer drugs. Here we report a dual stimuli-responsive hybrid anticancer drug QCA, which can be activated by H2O2 and acidic pH to release glutathione-scavenging quinone methide and ROS-generating cinnamaldehyde, respectively, in cancer cells. Quinone methide and cinnamaldehyde act in a synergistic manner to amplify oxidative stress, leading to preferential killing of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We therefore anticipate that QCA has promising potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent.
Non-commutative Cryptography and Complexity of Group-theoretic Problems (2011)

This book is about relations between three different areas of mathematics and theoretical computer science: combinatorial group theory, cryptography, and complexity theory. It explores how non-commutative (infinite) groups, which are typically studied in combinatorial group theory, can be used in public-key cryptography. It also shows that there is remarkable feedback from cryptography to combinatorial group theory because some of the problems motivated by cryptography appear to be new to group theory, and they open many interesting research avenues within group theory. In particular, a lot of emphasis in the book is put on studying search problems, as compared to decision problems traditionally studied in combinatorial group theory. Then, complexity theory, notably generic-case complexity of algorithms, is employed for cryptanalysis of various cryptographic protocols based on infinite groups, and the ideas and machinery from the theory of generic-case complexity are used to study asymptotically dominant properties of some infinite groups that have been applied in public-key cryptography so far. This book also describes new interesting developments in the algorithmic theory of solvable groups and another spectacular new development related to complexity of group-theoretic problems, which is based on the ideas of compressed words and straight-line programs coming from computer science.