gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The absence of an apolipoprotein ϵ4 allele is associated with a more aggressive form of Alzheimer's disease (1997)

We investigated the relationship between APOE genotype and rate of disease progression and survival in 99 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) who were followed biannually for up to 6 years. Patients were stratified into two groups, those with and without at least one APOE epsilon4 allele. The rate of decline in modified Mini-Mental State Examination scores was slower, the presence of extrapyramidal signs was decreased, and the development of myoclonus occurred later among patients with APOE epsilon4 alleles compared with patients with other genotypes. Compared with patients without an APOE epsilon4 allele, the risk of mortality was also decreased in patients with at least one epsilon4 allele (RR = 0.38; CI = 0.17-0.84, p < 0.02). Because the decline in mental ability as well as the development of myoclonus and extrapyramidal signs are consistent manifestations of disease progression, our results imply that APOE epsilon4 is associated with a less aggressive form of AD.
Surface Display of Recombinant Proteins on<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>Spores (2001)

We developed a novel surface display system based on the use of bacterial spores. A protein of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat, CotB, was found to be located on the spore surface and used as fusion partner to express the 459-amino-acid C-terminal fragment of the tetanus toxin (TTFC). Western, dot blot and fluorescent-activated cell sorting analyses were used to monitor TTFC surface expression on purified spores. We estimated that more than 1.5 x 10(3) TTFC molecules were exposed on the surface of each spore and recognized by TTFC-specific antibodies. The efficient surface presentation of the heterologous protein, together with the simple purification procedure and the high stability and safety record of B. subtilis spores, makes this spore-based display system a potentially powerful approach for surface expression of bioactive molecules.
Hand Gesture Recognition Based on MEB-SVM (2009)

In this paper, we propose a novel static hand gesture recognition method, which is based on a new support vector machine (abbreviated as SVM) classifier. SVM is a classification method based on statistics theory. Typical SVMs can be sufficient to deal with small scale data, but these methods cause a lot of computation in quadratic programming while dealing with non-linear problems. SVM combined with MEB (minimum enclosing ball) is a powerful tool. It reduces the massive computation and also can separate all kinds of vectors in a hyperspace efficiently. First and foremost, image segmentation must be done before hand gesture recognition. We adopt mean shift, which is using skin color for the image feature. Finally using MEB-SVM to classify gestures, and achieve the aim of recognition.
A Chinese American Seat at the Table: Examining Race in the San Francisco Unified School District (2008)

This Comment is a case study, examining the collective experience of Chinese American students with the SFUSD and its current diversity index plan. The Comment also considers the future face of the public school system in San Francisco as legal and social interests merge.
Infrared-Pumped Visible Laser (1971)

Infrared-pumped stimulated emission near 6700 Å in BaY2F8 : Yb3+–Er3+ and at 5515 Å in BaY2F8 : Yb3+–Ho3+ is reported. In BaY2F8 : Yb3+–Er3+, oscillation takes place at 77 °K in Er3+ transitions from 4F9/2 to the highest level of the ground state at 410 cm−1. Pumping of Er3+ results predominantly from up-conversion produced by successive energy transfers from Yb3+; direct pumping of the metastable state and higher-lying states of Er3+ is substantially less effective than up-conversion. Oscillation in Ho3+ occurs in a transition from 5S2 to the highest level of the ground manifold at 385 cm−1. Up-conversion and direct pumping contribute about equally to the inversion.
Selective electroinsertion of lithium ions into a platinum/.lambda.-manganese dioxide electrode in the aqueous phase (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective electroinsertion of lithium ions into a platinum/.lambda.-manganese dioxide electrode in the aqueous phaseHirofumi Kanoh, Kenta Ooi, Yoshitaka Miyai, and Shunsaku KatohCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 9, 1841–1842Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00057a002https://doi.org/10.1021/la00057a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views558Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wide Band and Wide Dynamic Range Recording and Reproduction of Digital Audio (1995)

The possibility of widening the bandwidth and the dynamic range of a recording and reproduction system maintaining compatibility with Compact Discs (CDs) or digital audio tape (DAT) is investigated by computer simulation. A wide-band signal which is analog-to-digital converted by a sampling frequency twice that of CDs or DAT with 16 or more bits is split into two subbands. The higher band signal is coded by ADPCM and embedded in the least significant bit of 16-bit data. The lower band signal, which is coded by 15-bit noise-shaping quantization with subtractive dither, has an effective dynamic range wider than that of CDs or DAT. The method to generate good subtractive dither is studied
A "Safer" Cigarette? Prove It, Say Critics (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nanostructured Urethane-Acrylic Hybrid Dispersions (2011)

This book reports on studies of the synthesis, morphology and the thermal and mechanical characterisation of a range of urethane-acrylic hybrid dispersions. N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as a co-solvent in the preparation of some of these polyurethane dispersions (PUDs). NMP is commonly used as a co-solvent in PU coatings as it acts as both a processing and also as a coalescing aid. Environmental legislation will eventually demand its replacement. To this end, NMP was replaced in the synthesis by methyl methacrylate, or styrene. These monomers lead to the formation of urethane-acrylic hybrids. The monomer type and the composition, the glass transition temperature, controlled by copolymerising with n-butyl acrylate, the mode of monomer addition and the synthesis techniques were the main variables studied in this programme. The advantages of these hybrids with respect to latex blend systems were also studied.
Comparison of StratusOCT and Cirrus HD-OCT Imaging in Macular Diseases (2009)

Commercially available spectral-domain optical coherence tomography is a clinically useful tool for visualizing and understanding macular diseases and offers benefits not inherent in previous generation machines.
Play As You Learn: Gamification as a Technique for Motivating Learners (2013)

Motivation can sometimes be a problem for learners, especially when they do not find the purpose of a learning activity to be clear. Gamification is a recent concept, primarily from the web development industry, that can make learning activities more active and participatory. This paper provides an overview of the background of gamification, the relevant key game concepts, gives an overview of examples from outside education and provides some suggestions for implementing gamification in education generally, and e-learning specifically. This paper is intended to give readers an overview of gamification, allowing an informed analysis of the technique in their own context to be made.
Video object segmentation and tracking for content-based video coding (2002)

A novel technique for the segmentation and tracking of moving objects is proposed. The proposed scheme extracts moving objects based on both motion and spatial information. Initially, an intra-frame segmentation is performed using a morphological segmentation algorithm. After this, the video object areas are merged according to their motions based on a new criterion. When different moving objects are extracted, their affine motion parameters are estimated. In the tracking stage, different objects are projected to the next frame according to their affine motion parameters. The projected regions may be overlapped and/or uncovered, creating uncertain areas. By using a two-scan zig-zag algorithm, the pixels in the uncertain areas can be absorbed into one of the neighboring objects. Experimental results demonstrated successful object segmentation and tracking in both moving and stationary background cases.
25 Gbps 850 nm photodiode for emerging 100 Gb ethernet applications (2011)

The IEEE Std 802.3ba-2010 for 40 Gb and 100 Gb Ethernet was released in July, 2010. This standard will continue to evolve over the next several years. Two of the challenging transmit/receive architectures contained in this standard are the 100GBASE-LR4 (<10 km range) and 100GBASE-ER4 (<40 km range). Although presently envisioned for 1310 nm optical wavelengths, both of these 4 lane, 25.78 GBaud formats may be adopted for the impending 850 nm short reach optical backplane market, whose range is below 150 m. Driven by major computer server companies, such as IBM, HP and Oracle, the 850 nm Active Optical Cable (AOC) market is presently undergoing an increase of serial rates up to 25 Gbaud to enhance backplane interconnectivity. With AOCs up to 16 channels, the potential for up to 400 Gbps backhaul composite data rates will soon be possible. We report a 25 Gbps photodiode with quantum efficiency ~ 0.6 at 850 nm. This InGaAs/InP device was optimized for high quantum efficiency at 850 nm. When pigtailed with multimode fiber and integrated with an application-specific RF amplifier, the resultant photoreceiver will provide multiple functionalities for these 100 Gb Ethernet markets.
Sindbis Virus Nonstructural Protein nsP2 Is Cytotoxic and Inhibits Cellular Transcription (2006)

Replication of alphaviruses in vertebrate cells strongly affects cell physiology and ultimately leads to development of a cytopathic effect (CPE) and cell death. Sindbis virus (SIN) replication causes major changes in cellular macromolecular synthesis, in which the strong downregulation of transcription of cellular mRNAs and rRNAs plays a critical role. SIN nonstructural protein nsP2 was previously proposed as one of the main regulators of virus-host cell interactions, because point mutations in the carboxy-terminal part of nsP2 could make SIN and other alphaviruses and replicons less cytopathic and capable of persisting in some vertebrate cell lines. These mutants were incapable of inhibiting transcription and downregulating a viral stress-induced cell response. In the present work, we demonstrate that (i) SIN nsP2 is critically involved in CPE development, not only during the replication of SIN-specific RNAs, but also when this protein is expressed alone from different expression cassettes; (ii) the cytotoxic effect of SIN nsP2 appears to be at least partially determined by its ability to cause transcriptional shutoff; (iii) these functions of SIN nsP2 are determined by the integrity of the carboxy-terminal peptide of this protein located outside its helicase and protease domains, rather than by its protease activity; and (iv) the cytotoxic activity of SIN nsP2 depends on the presence of this protein in a free form, and alterations in P123 processing abolish the ability of nsP2 to cause CPE.
Use of Cidofovir in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (2001)

BACKGROUND:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a subacute demyelinating illness caused by the JC virus, a polyomavirus that occurs in 4–5% of HIV-positive patients. Mortality is high, and no useful therapy has been identified. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been reported to be effective in halting progression of the disease in some, but not all, patients. Cidofovir has been shown to be active against polyomaviruses.OBJECTIVE:To review data on the use of cidofovir to treat PML.DATA SOURCES:English-language case reports and clinical studies were located through a literature search (MEDLINE and AIDSLINE, 1995–July 2000).STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:Relevant case reports and studies describing the use of cidofovir for PML were reviewed.DATA SYNTHESIS:Most case reports describing the use of cidofovir have shown that the drug is effective in the treatment of PML. Some patients were also receiving HAART concurrently; therefore, it is not clear which treatment modality had a greater impact on PML. However, cidofovir may be effective in patients whose disease has progressed despite HAART or who are unable to tolerate these regimens. A pilot study of cidofovir for treating PML has completed enrollment, but preliminary results showed no benefit.CONCLUSIONS:Cidofovir may be the most reasonable treatment option for PML in HIV-infected individuals who fail to improve with HAART or who are unable to tolerate these regimens. Patients who receive cidofovir should be monitored for renal and ocular toxicity.
The grateful dead: damage‐associated molecular pattern molecules and reduction/oxidation regulate immunity (2007)

The response to pathogens and damage in plants and animals involves a series of carefully orchestrated, highly evolved, molecular mechanisms resulting in pathogen resistance and wound healing. In metazoans, damage- or pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs, PAMPs) execute precise intracellular tasks and are also able to exert disparate functions when released into the extracellular space. The emergent consequence for both inflammation and wound healing of the abnormal extracellular persistence of these factors may underlie many clinical disorders. DAMPs/PAMPs are recognized by hereditable receptors including the Toll-like receptors, the NOD1-like receptors and retinoic-acid-inducible gene I-like receptors, as well as the receptor for advanced glycation end products. These host molecules 'sense' not only pathogens but also misfolded/glycated proteins or exposed hydrophobic portions of molecules, activating intracellular cascades that lead to an inflammatory response. Equally important are means to not only respond to these molecules but also to eradicate them. We have speculated that their destruction through oxidative mechanisms normally exerted by myeloid cells, such as neutrophils and eosinophils, or their persistence in the setting of pathologic extracellular reducing environments, maintained by exuberant necrotic cell death and/or oxidoreductases, represent important molecular means enabling chronic inflammatory states.
Fiducial-less 2D-3D spine image registration using spine region segmented in CT image (2007)

The target pose (position and orientation) of a spinal lesion can be determined using image registration of a pair of two-dimensional (2D) x-ray projection images and a pre-treatment three-dimensional (3D) CT image. This is useful for detecting, tracking and correcting for patient movement during image-guided spinal radiotherapy and radiosurgery. We recently developed a fiducial-less 2D-3D spine image registration that localizes spinal targets by directly tracking adjacent skeletal structures and thereby eliminates the need for implanted fiducials. Experience has shown this method to be robust under a wide range of clinical circumstances. However, image artifacts in digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) that can be introduced by breathing during CT scanning or by other surrounding structures such as ribs have the negative effects on image registration performance. Therefore, we present an approach to eliminate the image artifacts in DRRs for a more robust registration. The spinal structures in the CT volume are approximately segmented in a semi-automatic way and saved as a volume of interest (VOI). The DRRs are then generated within the spine VOI for two orthogonal projections. During radiation treatment delivery, two X-ray images are acquired simultaneously in near real time. Then each X-ray image is registered with the DRR image to obtain 2D local displacements of skeletal structures. The 3D tumor position is calculated from the 2D displacements by 2D-to-3D back-projection and geometric transformation. Experiments on clinical data were conducted to evaluate the performance of the improved registration. The results showed that spine segmentation substantially improves image registration performance.
Inverse Opal Spheres Based on Polyionic Liquids as Functional Microspheres with Tunable Optical Properties and Molecular Recognition Capabilities (2014)

Based on the combination of the unique features of both polyionic liquids and spherical colloidal crystals, a new class of inverse opaline spheres with a series of distinct properties was fabricated. It was found that such photonic spheres could not only be used as stimuli-responsive photonic microgels, but also serve as multifunctional microspheres that mimic the main characteristics of conventional molecules, including intrinsic optical properties, specific molecular recognition, reactivity and derivatization, and anisotropy.
Trends in the use of digital technology for control and regulation of power supplies. (1999)

Since the availability of computers, accelerator power supplies have relied on digital technology in some way, from such simple tasks as turning the supplies on and off to the supplying of computer-controlled references.However, advances in digital technology, both in performance and cost, allow considerably more than simple control and monitoring.This, coupled with increasing demand for higher performance and monitoring capabilities, has made it appealing to integrate such technology into power supply designs.This paper will review current trends in the use of such advanced technology as embedded DSP controllers, and the application of real-time algorithms to the regulation and control of power supplies for accelerators and other largescale physics applications.
A new twin-well CMOS process using nitridized-oxide-LOCOS (NOLOCOS) isolation technology (1989)

A twin-well CMOS process using the nitridized pad-oxide film as a buffer for the enhanced local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) in which the nitridized pad oxide is used to obtain a defect-free and near-zero bird's beak field isolation structure is discussed. The principal feature of the process is that high-temperature nitridation of the thin pad oxide is simultaneously used to increase the junction depth of the As-implanted n-well. Both n- and p-channel MOSFETs fabricated by the twin-cell CMOS process using the nitridized-oxide-LOCOS (NOLOCOS) isolation technology are characterized and compared to those fabricated by the conventional LOCOS isolation technique. The major features of the NOLOCOS isolation technology in CMOS/VLSI fabrication are clearly demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deployable aerial communication networks (2012)

Aerial (or airborne) telecommunications have been investigated for three decades through the design and the evaluation of stratospheric platforms able to offer multiple types of wireless services. More recently though, a wide range of lower altitude vehicles have been developed and subsequently sparked interest for their compelling features in terms of new applicative perspectives. This paper surveys the civilian aerial communication networks, with an overview of the performance of either high or low altitude platforms. Furthermore, through significant and promising use cases that are likely to gain momentum in the near future, we highlight a series of prominent challenges to be addressed for successful aerial networking deployments and likewise hint at key domains which should, in this regard, require further research efforts.
A One Pot Procedure for the Deoxygenation of α, β-Unsaturated Ketones and a Synthesis of the Mealybug Pheromone (1990)

Abstract An improved one pot reaction that achieves the deoxygenation of α,β-unsaturated ketone with concomitant migration of the double bond is introduced, and applied to the synthesis of racemic 3-acetoxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadiene, a pheromone component of Pseudococcus comstocki.
Epoxy Lining for Shipboard Piping Systems (1994)

The Naval Research Laboratory has developed an epoxy lining to prevent corrosion and erosion of copper-nickel pipe. Before being approved for use aboard ship, the lining was tested in the laboratory for resistance to chemicals found in sanitary systems and tested in a simulated ship piping system for application viscosity and hardening time. Commercially-available linings were also tested but found to be deficient in one or more critical properties. Entrained air in the applied coating is avoided more easily by control of application parameters than by the use of air-releasing additives in the lining. The process used to install the lining is described in detail. The Navy now uses this lining to restore corroded or eroded ship piping systems rapidly without lengthy disruption of shipboard operations. This technology has been shown to be a proven inexpensive alternative to replacement of pipe. Air-releasing additive, Coatings formulation, Chemical resistant lining, Copper-nickel alloy, Epoxy lining, Pipe lining process.
p-channel quantum-well heterostructure MI/sup 3/SFET (1988)

A p-channel heterostructure MISFET-like device based on a quantum well with an underlying impurity layer is discussed. The device is based on an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure with a recessed-gate geometry and uses Zn-diffused refractory-metal contacts. The 4100 cm/sup 2//V-s hole mobility obtained in this inverted-interface structure at 77 K is comparable to that achieved in normal-interface AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures. Transconductance and K-factor values as high as 52 mS/mm and 140 mS/V-mm, respectively, are obtained at 77 K in p-channel FETs with 2.0- mu m gate lengths and 6.0- mu m source-drain spacings, representing state-of-the-art values for p-HFETs at similar dimensions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>