gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deficient TH-1 Responses From TNF-α–matured and α-CD40–matured Dendritic Cells (2008)

The ultimate success of dendritic cell (DC) vaccination for the active immunotherapy of neoplasia is thought to be dependent on a very large number of variables, including DC generation protocol, loading methodology, dose, route of administration, and maturation method. Although the use of a maturation cocktail comprising interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2 (ITIP) has recently appeared in the literature, much of the data in the basic and clinical literature have been generated using DCs matured with the single inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha. Here, we demonstrate that DCs matured with TNF-alpha alone or in combination with CD40 agonism are highly deficient, both physiologically and functionally, in comparison with DCs matured with IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2. Empirically, the data suggest that DCs matured with these agents are deficient in the induction of type 1 T-helper responses. We further speculate that DCs matured by these methods might be suboptimal for the priming of naive responses.
Sea ice transports in the Weddell Sea (2001)

Time series of sea ice draft in the Weddell Sea are evaluated together with hydrographic observations, satellite passive microwave data, and ice drift for estimation of the freshwater fluxes into and out of the Weddell Sea. Ice draft is measured with moored upward looking sonars since 1990 along two transects across the Weddell Gyre. One transect, extending from the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula to Kapp Norvegia, was sampled between 1990 and 1994 and covers the flow into and out of the southern Weddell Sea. The other transect, sampled since 1996 and extending from the Antarctic continent northward along the Greenwich meridian, covers the exchange of water masses between the eastern and the western Weddell Sea. In order to relate results obtained during the different time periods, empirical relationships are established between the length of the sea ice season, derived from the satellite passive microwave data and defined as the number of days per year with the sea ice concentration exceeding 15%, and (1) the annual mean ice draft and (2) the annual mean ice volume transport. By using these empirical relationships, estimates of annual mean ice drafts and ice volume transports are derived at all mooring sites for the period February 1979 through February 1999. Wind and current force a westward ice transport in the coastal areas of the eastern Weddell Sea and a northward ice transport in the west. During the 2‐year period 1991/1992 the mean ice volume export from the Weddell Sea is (50 ± 19) × 10 3 m 3 s −1 . This freshwater export is representative for a longer‐term (20‐year) mean and exceeds the average amount of freshwater gained by precipitation and ice shelf melt by about 19×10 3 m 3 s −1 , yielding an upper bound for the formation rate of newly ventilated bottom water in the Weddell Sea of 2.6 Sv.
New approaches for the prevention of rejection and graft-vs.-host disease in clinical bone marrow transplantation. (1986)

The two major barriers to successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in animals and man are graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) and the risk of graft rejection. GVHD is the result of alloreactivity of mature donor T-lymphocytes present in the graft-vs.-host tissues and can be completely prevented by pregraft depletion of T-lymphocytes. Graft rejection results from residual host immunocompetent lymphocytes that survive heavy chemoradiotherapy prior to allogeneic BMT. Host resistance to allograft cannot be eradicated even by conventional conditioning with high-dose cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and lethal whole body irradiation (1,200 rad). In the present report we have utilized two new techniques to overcome GVHD and graft rejection following allogeneic BMT. GVHD can be prevented by a new monoclonal rat antihuman lymphocyte antibody, CAMPATH-1, which binds human complement, enabling donor serum to serve as the source of complement. Prevention of rejection of T-lymphocyte-depleted marrow allografts can be achieved by the application of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) in addition to conventional chemoradiotherapy, prior to allogeneic BMT. TLI causes potent immunosuppression with minimal side effects. A combination of TLI for overcoming host resistance to allograft, and CAMPATH-1 for overcoming GVHD, leads to a relatively smooth posttransplant outcome with no evidence of GVHD and with no need for posttransplant immunosuppression.
Delta-Sigma Modulation for Next Generation Fronthaul Interface (2018)

A new function split option for the next generation fronthaul interface (NGFI) is demonstrated based on all-digital RF transmitter using bandpass delta-sigma modulation. Different from other low layer split (LLS) options, such as option 6 (MAC-PHY), 7 (high-low PHY), and 8 (CPRI), the proposed option 9 implements RF functions in the digital domain, and splits within the RF layer, with high-RF layer centralized in the distributed unit (DU) and low-RF layer distributed in remote radio units (RRUs). A proof-of-concept all-digital RF transmitter based on real-time delta-sigma modulation is implemented using a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA. A 5-GSa/s delta-sigma modulator is demonstrated to encode LTE/5G signals with bandwidth up to 252 MHz and modulation format up to 1024-QAM to a 5-Gb/s OOK signal, which is transmitted over 30-km single-mode fiber from DU to RRU. To relax the FPGA speed requirement, a 32-pipeline architecture is designed. Two-carrier aggregation of 5G and 14-carrier aggregation of LTE signals are demonstrated with error vector magnitude (EVM) performance satisfying the 3GPP specifications. Compared with option 8 (CPRI), although the proposed option 9 split occurs at a lower level, it offers improved spectral efficiency and reduced NGFI data rate than CPRI. Moreover, other LLS options, such as 6, 7, and 8, all require a complete RF layer implemented in the analog domain at remote cell sites; whereas option 9 realizes high-RF layer in the digital domain at DU, and eliminates the need of analog RF devices, such as DAC, local oscillator and mixer at RRU, which not only makes low-cost, energy-efficient, and small-footprint cell sites possible for the wide deployment of small cells, but also paves the road toward software defined radio (SDR) and virtualization of DU and RRU for improved compatibility and reconfigurability among multiple radio access technologies (multi-RATs). Given its centralized architecture and deterministic latency, option 9 is suitable for radio coordination applications, and has potential in low-frequency narrowband scenarios with cost, power, and/or size sensitive cell sites, such as massive machine type communication (mMTC) and narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT).
Action of fentrazamide on protein metabolism and cell division in plants (2007)

Fentrazamide [4-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-cyclohexyl-N-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1H-tetrazole-1-carboxamide] is a new tetrazolinone class herbicide. Fentrazamide at and above 1 μM showed marked phytotoxic activity on the growth of early watergrass 15 days after treatment (95% reduction in the total dry weight at 100 μM), but showed less toxicity to rice. Dry weight of early watergrass and rice was reduced by 50% with 1.8 μM and 95.1 μM of fentrazamide, respectively. The pattern of soluble amino acid composition in early watergrass treated with fentrazamide was more similar to that treated with cafenstrole (an inhibitor of fatty acid elongation) than that with mefenacet (an inhibitor of cell division). The inhibition of fatty acid elongation in microsomal fractions of early watergrass by fentrazamide was comparable to that by cafenstrole, but inhibition by fentrazamide was 28–38% even at the highest concentration (2 μM). The cell division of leek roots was not affected by 100 μM of fentrazamide. Cycloheximide (an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis) at 10 μM showed a marked inhibitory effect on the incorporation of 14C-leucine into protein, but fentrazamide showed less inhibitory effect even at 100 μM; however, fentrazamide at and above 10 μM markedly reduced the soluble protein content in early watergrass by 84%, which was much greater than that in rice. These results suggest that fentrazamide has a mode of action which leads to the degradation of protein.
Impact on Agriculture of the Mount St. Helens Eruptions (1981)

Ash from Mount St. Helens has fallen over a diverse agricultural area, with deposits of up to 30 kilograms per square meter. Crop losses in eastern Washington are estimated at about $100 million in 1980-about 7 percent of the normal crop value in the affected area and less than was expected initially. Production of wheat, potatoes, and apples will be normal or above normal because the favorable conditions for growth of these crops since the ashfall helped offset the losses. Alfalfa hay was severely lodged under the weight of the ash, but ash-contaminated hay is apparently nontoxic when eaten by livestock. The ash as an abrasive is lethal to certain insects, such as bees and grasshoppers, but populations are recovering. The ash has increased crop production costs by necessitating machinery repairs and increased tillage. On soil, the ash reduces water infiltration, increases surface albedo, and may continue to affect water runoff, erosion, evaporation, and soil temperature even when tilled into the soil. Ash on plant leaves reduced photosynthesis by up to 90 percent. Most plants have tended to shed the ash. With the possible exception of sulfur, the elements in the ash are either unavailable or present in very low concentrations; and no significant contribution to the nutrient status of soils is expected.
Advances in treatment: immunoglobulin A nephropathy. (1996)

In this article, we consider a number of treatment options for patients with IgA nephropathy. Major emphasis will be placed on the use of corticosteroids and fish oil capsules because these have shown the most promise in recent publications. We also consider the specific management of two patients with severe manifestations of this disease and describe their responses. Finally, we consider future avenues of research into the treatment of IgA nephropathy. This includes a brief description of a three-arm multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating alternate-day prednisone and highly purified fish oil concentrate (Omacor) in children and young adults with moderately severe forms of IgA nephropathy.
Laminin-5 as a Marker of Invasiveness in Cervical Lesions (1999)

These data suggest that antibodies directed against the gamma2 chain of laminin-5 can identify cervical lesions with invasive capacity and thus may be useful as a sensitive marker of early invasion.
The use of frozen plasma samples in thromboelastometry (2017)

Thromboelastometry is increasingly used in the clinical and scientific setting. The use of frozen plasma samples may be useful in overcoming certain limitations such as local and timely availability. Whole blood (WB) samples of 20 healthy volunteers were obtained, and plasma was generated. NATEM (n = 20), EXTEM (n = 20) and INTEM (n = 8) analyses were performed in WB, fresh plasma and frozen and thawed plasma. Dabigatran (500, 1000 ng/ml), rivaroxaban (100, 200 ng/ml) or alteplase (333 ng/ml) were added ex vivo to WB, and thromboelastometry was performed in WB and in frozen and thawed plasma samples. Clot formation time, mean clot firmness and the area under the curve were significantly altered in plasma compared to WB. In INTEM and EXTEM analysis, clotting time (CT) was comparable between WB (100%) and fresh (INTEM 114% and EXTEM 93%, ratio of the means) and frozen plasma samples (85 and 99%), whereas in NATEM analysis, the CT increased in fresh (193%) and frozen plasma samples (130%). Dabigatran dose-dependently increased the CT approximately 5- and 9-fold in WB and even more pronounced 10- and 26-fold in plasma. Accordingly, rivaroxaban dose-dependently increased the CT 2- and 2.7-fold in WB, and 3.5- and 4-fold in plasma samples. Hyperfibrinolysis was achieved by addition of alteplase in all WB samples and was reproducible in plasma samples. In conclusion, thromboelastometry, especially INTEM and EXTEM analyses, is possible using frozen and stored plasma samples with comparable results to the corresponding whole blood samples.
Driving source-line (DSL) cell architecture for sub-1-V high-speed low-power applications (2002)

A novel SRAM cell architecture for sub-1-V high-speed operation is proposed without using either low-V/sub th/ MOSFETs or modifying the cell layout pattern. A source-line connected to the source terminals of driver MOSFETs is controlled to be negative and floating in the read- and write-cycles, respectively. The cell-access time is reduced to 1/4-1/2 at a supply voltage of 0.5-1.0 V. Limiting the bit-line swing reduced the writing power needed to charge the bit-lines to 1/10, and it realizes a faster write-recovery. The feasibility of low-power 100 MHz operation over a wide range of supply voltages is demonstrated.
Open the Door Effective Teaching Is No Secret (2011)

If we really want to improve student achievement we need to focus on the person who gently closes the classroom door and performs the teaching act – the teacher – but to do that, says Russell Boyle, we need to open those classroom doors.
Automatic mark detection in electron beam nanolithography using digital image processing and correlation (1990)

A method of mark detection for a vector scan eCF1-beam nanolithography system has been developed, in particular, taking into account that fairly low beam currents are used in high resolution writing. The digitally stored image of the scanned mark region is compared to a computer generated template using an advanced correlation technique. This method does not require a threshold determination. It exhibits high immunity to noise and poor contrast in the mark signal. The achieved accuracy is better than one beam step size (LSB) even for partially damaged marks. Due to specially chosen mark shapes, the probability of detecting wrong features is low. This paper describes the method and its hardware implementation along with experimental results for accuracy and repeatability of the mark position evaluation.
Environmental Contamination Sources and Control in High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (2005)

Extract HTML view is not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 31--August 4, 2005
18.2: A 2.15 inch QCIF Reflective Color TFT‐LCD with Digital memory on Glass (DMOG) (2001)

Abstract We have developed a 2.15 inch diagonal, QCIF(144×RGB×176) reflective color TFT‐LCD with a new integration technology called DMOG (digital memory on glass), using low‐temperature polysilicon (poly‐Si) technology. This panel is able to display 4bit × RGB (4096‐colors) images and 1bit × RGB (8‐colors) still image in power save mode (still mode). We have achieved low power consumption up to 1.3mW in still mode using DMOG.
Differential light detector (1979)

A sensitive differential light detector is described which consists of two antiparallel silicon photovoltaic diodes and a current-to-voltage converter. The device is optimized to the detection of small differences in intensity. The noise and signal transfer features are considered, and an application example is given.
RAD50 protein of<i>S.cerevisiae</i>exhibits ATP-dependent DNA binding (1993)

RAD50 function of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required during vegetative growth for recombinational repair of DNA double strand breaks, and during meiosis for initiation of meiotic recombination and formation of synaptonemal complex. RAD50 encodes a 153 kDa polypeptide which includes an amino-terminal ATP binding domain essential for function and two long heptad repeat regions. We show below that RAD50 protein purified from yeast exhibits ATP-dependent binding to double stranded DNA. Physical properties of the purified protein are also described. Models for RAD50 function in vivo are discussed.
Transmission of 115×100G PDM-8QAM-OFDM Channels with 4bits/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency over 10,181km (2011)

Transmission of 11.5-Tb/s (115×120.5-Gb/s) is performed over 10,181km using PDM-8QAM-OFDM modulation, 60.6km hybrid fiber spans and EDFAs. Achieved spectral efficiency of 4b/s/Hz is the highest reported to date for WDM transmission over more than 10,000km.
Smoking and Lung Function of Lung Health Study Participants after 11 Years (2002)

Eleven years after Lung Health Study (LHS) entry, we performed spirometry in 77.4% of surviving participants who enrolled in a long-term follow-up study. Those not enrolling tended to be younger male heavy smokers who continued to smoke during the LHS. Their initial LHS lung function, after adjustment for these factors, did not differ from that of enrollees. Smoking habits by original LHS treatment groups (smoking intervention vs. usual care) tended to converge, but 93% of participants who were abstinent throughout the LHS were still abstinent at 11 years. Differences in lung function between treatment groups persisted; smoking intervention participants had less decline in FEV(1) than usual care participants. Men who quit at the beginning of the LHS had an FEV(1) rate of decline of 30.2 ml/year, whereas women who quit declined at 21.5 ml/year. Men continuing to smoke throughout the 11 years declined by 66.1 ml/year, and women continuing to smoke declined by 54.2 ml/year. When decline in FEV(1) was expressed as a percentage of predicted normal value, no significant sex-based difference was apparent among continuing smokers. At 11 years, 38% of continuing smokers had an FEV(1) less than 60% of the predicted normal value compared with 10% of sustained quitters.
Heat-tolerant rice cultivars retain grain appearance quality under free-air CO2 enrichment (2014)

Abstract Background Heat-tolerant rice cultivars have been developed as a countermeasure to poor grain appearance quality under high temperatures. Recent studies showed that elevated CO 2 concentrations (E-[CO 2 ]) also reduce grain quality. To determine whether heat-tolerant cultivars also tolerate E-[CO 2 ], we conducted a free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) experiment with 12 rice cultivars differing in heat tolerance. Results The percentage of undamaged grains of five standard cultivars (Akitakomachi, Kinuhikari, Koshihikari, Matsuribare, Nipponbare) averaged 61.7% in the ambient [CO 2 ] (AMB) plot and 51.7% in the FACE plot, whereas that of heat-tolerant cultivars (Eminokizuna, Wa2398, Kanto 257, Toyama 80, Mineharuka, Kanto 259, Saikai 290) averaged 73.5% in AMB and 71.3% in FACE. This resulted in a significant [CO 2 ] by cultivar interaction. The percentage of white-base or white-back grains increased from 8.4% in AMB to 17.1% in FACE in the sensitive cultivars, but from only 2.1% in AMB to only 4.4% in FACE in the heat-tolerant cultivars. Conclusion Heat-tolerant cultivars retained their grain appearance quality at E-[CO 2 ] under present air temperatures. Further improvements in appearance quality under present conditions will be needed to achieve improvements under E-[CO 2 ], because E-[CO 2 ] will likely lower the threshold temperature for heat stress.
The terpolymerization of ethylene and propylene with isoprene via THF-containing half-sandwich scandium catalysts: a new kind of ethylene–propylene–diene rubber and its functionalization (2017)

A novel family of ethylene–propylene–isoprene terpolymers was prepared by the terpolymerization of ethylene and propylene with isoprene catalyzed by the half-sandwich scandium complexs.
Steady-state Kinetics and Inhibitory Action of Antitubercular Phenothiazines on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type-II NADH-Menaquinone Oxidoreductase (NDH-2) (2006)

Type-II NADH-menaquinone oxidoreductase (NDH-2) is an essential respiratory enzyme of the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that plays a pivotal role in its growth. In the present study, we expressed and purified highly active Mtb NDH-2 using a Mycobacterium smegmatis expression system, and the steady-state kinetics and inhibitory actions of phenothiazines were characterized. Purified NDH-2 contains a non-covalently bound flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor and oxidizes NADH with quinones but does not react with either NADPH or oxygen. Ubiquinone-2 (Q2) and decylubiquinone showed high electron-accepting activity, and the steady-state kinetics and the NADH-Q2 oxidoreductase reaction were found to operate by a ping-pong reaction mechanism. Phenothiazine analogues, trifluoperazine, Compound 1, and Compound 2 inhibit the NADH-Q2 reductase activity with IC50 = 12, 11, and 13 microm, respectively. Trifluoperazine inhibition is non-competitive for NADH, whereas the inhibition kinetics is found to be uncompetitive in terms of Q2.
Aerosol deposition in turbulent pipe flow (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAerosol deposition in turbulent pipe flowBenjamin Y. H. Liu and Timothy A. IloriCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1974, 8, 4, 351–356Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60089a001https://doi.org/10.1021/es60089a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views442Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Covalent Carbene Functionalization of Graphene: Toward Chemical Band-Gap Manipulation (2016)

In this work, we employ dibromocarbene (DBC) radicals to covalently functionalize solution exfoliated graphene via the formation of dibromocyclopropyl adducts. This is achieved using a basic aqueous/organic biphasic reaction mixture to decompose the DBC precursor, bromoform, in conjunction with a phase-transfer catalyst to facilitate ylide formation and carbene migration to graphene substrates. DBC-functionalized graphene (DBC-graphene) was characterized using a range of spectroscopic and analytical techniques to confirm the covalent nature of functionalization. Modified optical and electronic properties of DBC-graphene were investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, analysis of electrical I-V transport properties, and noncontact terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The implications of carbene functionalization of graphene are considered in the context of scalable radical functionalization methodologies for bulk-scale graphene processing and controlled band-gap manipulation of graphene.
InGaN-based laser diodes with an estimated lifetime of longer than 10,000 hours (1998)

InGaN multi-quantum-well structure laser diodes with Al<SUB>0.14</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.86</SUB>N/GaN modulation doped strained-layer superlattice cladding layers grown on an epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN substrate were demonstrated to have an estimated lifetime of longer than 10,000 hours under continuous-wave operation at 20 degree(s)C. The activation energy of the lifetime was estimated to be 0.5 eV. With the operating current increasing above the threshold, a self- pulsation with a high frequency of 3.5 GHz was observed.