gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>New application system for simultaneous laser and ultrasonic transmission in endoscopic surgery (LUST)</title> (1998)

A new combined Laser and Ultrasound Surgical Therapy (LUST) device for an endoscopically suitable coagulation and tissue fragmentation based on the transmission of laser radiation and ultrasound via flexible silica glass fibers was developed at the LMTB. The ultrasound tissue interaction is based on the well-known CUSA-technology, which enables the surgeon to cut various types of tissue with different degrees of effectiveness. This selective cutting performance is a very useful feature, e.g. for a brain tumor extirpation, where it must be guaranteed that vessels and nerves are not affected while ensuring a fast reduction of the tumor mass. Application fields are in oncology, neurosurgery and angioplasty. The laser radiation can be used for tissue coagulation purposes and homeostasis. With a fiber based LUST-system working at a resonance frequency of 30 kHz, using a laser-vibrometer, velocity amplitudes of up to 20 m/s could be detected at the distal end which corresponds to an elongation of more than 100 micrometers . The investigations have shown that the velocity amplitude, next to suction, frequency and cross section of the active fiber tip, has the greatest impact on the fragmentation rate. With a suction setting of 5 W, the following tissue fragmentation rates could be achieved with a 1.3 mm<SUP>2</SUP> fiber cross section and a tip amplitude velocity of 12 m/s: brain tissue 50 mg/s, liver 4,5 mg/s and kidney 4 mg/s. Laser radiation up to 25 watt was sufficient to coagulate soft tissue. This new approach in developing an application system for the therapeutical use of laser radiation and ultrasound via optical waveguides offers new possibilities in minimally invasive surgery, providing a complete new working sphere for the surgeon. The flexible opto-acoustic waveguide (400 - 1700 micrometers ) can be bent making areas accessible which were inaccessible before. The surgeon can use the laser radiation for tissue coagulation or cutting and the ultrasound for tissue fragmentation and tissue reduction without changing the instrumentation.
Food Allergy in Dogs and Cats: A Review (2006)

Food allergy (FA) is defined as "all immune-mediated reactions following food intake," in contrast with food intolerance (FI), which is non-immune-mediated. Impairment of the mucosal barrier and loss of oral tolerance are risk factors for the development of FA. Type I, III, and IV hypersensitivity reactions are the most likely immunologic mechanisms. Food allergens are (glyco-)proteins with a molecular weight from 10-70 kDa and are resistant to treatment with heat, acid, and proteases. The exact prevalence of FA in dogs and cats remains unknown. There is no breed, sex or age predilection, although some breeds are commonly affected. Before the onset of clinical signs, the animals have been fed the offending food components for at least two years, although some animals are less than a year old. FA is a non-seasonal disease with skin and/or gastrointestinal disorders. Pruritus is the main complaint and is mostly corticoid-resistant. In 20-30% of the cases, dogs and cats have concurrent allergic diseases (atopy/flea-allergic dermatitis). A reliable diagnosis can only be made with dietary elimination-challenge trials. Provocation testing is necessary for the identification of the causative food component(s). Therapy of FA consists of avoiding the offending food component(s).
Detection of S‐100 protein as an aid to the identification of melanocytic tumors (1982)

We sought S-100 protein in sections prepared from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and normal tissues by an immunoperoxidase technique with a rabbit anti-bovine S-100 protein antiserum as first antibody and aminoethyl carbazole as developer. S-100 protein was demonstrated in 56 of 56 cutaneous melanomas, regardless of their primary or metastatic status, and in 35 of 35 nevocytic nevi. The amount of S-100 protein was independent of the degree of melanization of the tumors. Only 1 of 51 non-neural non-melanocytic tumors tested contained S-100 protein. The technique is valuable in confirming the melanocytic nature of primary or metastatic tumors and in detecting small foci of metastatic melanoma in lymph nodes and other tissues. It also seems applicable to research on melanocytic anomalies.
Object recognition using a feature search strategy generated from a 3D model (2002)

A vision system is presented which automatically generates an object recognition strategy from a 3D model, and recognizes the object using this strategy. In this system, the appearances of an object from various viewpoints are described with visible 2D features, such as parallel lines and ellipses. Then, the features in the appearances are ranked according to the number of viewpoints from which they are visible. The rank and the feature extraction cost for each feature are considered to generate a tree-like strategy graph. It shows an efficient feature search order when the viewpoint is unknown, starting with commonly occurring features and ending with features specific to a certain viewpoint. The system searches for features in the order indicated by the graph. After detection, the system compares the line representation generated from the 3D model and the image features to localize the object.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Controller Synthesis and Application to Hover-to-Cruise Transition Flight of a Tail Sitter UAV (2010)

There is renewed interest in Tail Sitter airplanes on account of their vertical takeoff and landing as well as efficient horizontal flight capabilities. The transition from vertical near-hover mode to a horizontal cruise mode is a critical component of the Tail Sitter flight profile. In practice, this transition is often achieved by a stall-and-tumble maneuver, which is somewhat risky and therefore not desirable. Alternative maneuver strategies along a controlled trajectory are being sought, and this paper presents the first synthesis and application of a transition controller to a Tail Sitter UAV. Separate hover and cruise mode controllers are first designed, then additional intermediate controllers are synthesized to take the aircraft through the transition. The design points for the intermediate controllers are chosen on the basis of our recent work on a nonlinear transition trajectory analysis using Dynamic Inversion as a rapid prototyping tool. For practical reasons, linear controllers are designed using the PID technique and linked by gain scheduling. The transition control law is tested on a Tail Sitter UAV, which is a 18 kg vehicle with a 2 meter wing span and aspect ratio 4:71 powered by a 100cc gasoline engine driving an aft-mounted ducted fan. The UAV flight dynamic model development, control law synthesis and implementation on-board, and flight testing of the UAV in hover, transition and cruise, are all described in this paper.
Free cationic liposomes inhibit the inflammatory response to cationic lipid–DNA complex injected intravenously and enhance its transfection efficiency (2003)

In this report, we show that intravenous (i.v.) injection into mice of a complex made of the cationic lipid diC14-amidine and the luciferase reporter plasmid (pCMV-luc) results in efficient gene expression in several organs but elicits an inflammatory response characterized by a release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) into the serum of treated animals. A single preinjection of free diC14-amidine liposomes improves the i.v. transfection efficiency of the diC14-amidine/protamine/pCMV-luc complex as much as 40 times. This improvement is correlated with the ability of free liposomes to inhibit TNF-alpha but not IFN-gamma production resulting from complex injection. TNF-alpha-rich serum obtained from mice injected with diC14-amidine/protamine/pCMV-luc complex inhibits luciferase expression in transfected mouse lung endothelial (MLE) cells cultured in vitro, whereas IFN-gamma has no effect. This inhibitory effect can be partly abolished by treating the mouse serum with a specific anti-TNF-alpha antibody. These data point out that cationic lipids are potent inhibitors of the inflammatory response to the CpG motifs in plasmid DNA. This property is shown to enhance the in vivo transfection efficiency.
A prototype real-time intrusion-detection expert system (2003)

The design and implementation of a prototype intrusion-detection expert system (IDES) are described. IDES is based on the concept that an intrusion manifests itself as a departure from expected behavior for a user. The prototype monitors users on a remote system, using audit records that characterize their activities. It adaptively learns the normal behavior of each user and detects and reports anomalous user behavior in real time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Responsibility of Music Education (1947)

THE responsibility is not just to administer a program of music teaching, but to assume a position of dynamic leadership in a world seeking peace and security, for, as this high school principal sees it, “From the realization of the force of music education can come a quickening of American spirit, a deepening of emotion and sentiment and a mounting sense of seriousness and integrity … and respect for human rights.”
<i>In vivo</i> haemoprotective activity of tetrapeptide AcSDKP combined with granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor following sublethal irradiation (1996)

We report that acetyl-N-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (AcSDKP), which removes progenitor cells from cell cycle, in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) can significantly improve myelorestoration following irradiation (7 Gy). Peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow (BM) cell recovery and progenitor cell reconstitution [IL-3-responsive colony-forming cells (CFC) and high proliferative potential colony-forming cells (HPP-CFC)] were studied. Studies on the optimal schedule of AcSDKP administration revealed maximal effects on progenitor cells when AcSDKP was administered as a continuous infusion for 3 d starting 24 h prior to irradiation and used in combination with G-CSF. The numbers of CFC and HPP-CFC in the BM were significantly increased following irradiation in mice receiving AcSDKP and G-CSF as compared to either drug alone. The numbers of CFC in the spleen were significantly increased in mice receiving AcSDKP and G-CSF on days 10 and 14 as compared to AcSDKP alone, but not G-CSF. Similarly, CFC and HPP-CFC in the spleen were significantly increased in mice receiving AcSDKP and G-CSF on day 18 as compared to mice receiving PBS and G-CSF. These studies suggest that AcSDKP in combination with G-CSF may have potential for the protection of progenitor cells in patients undergoing intensive chemo- and/or radiotherapy.
Properties of a transmission grating behind a grazing incidence telescope for cosmic x-ray spectroscopy (1977)

Third-order aberrations are discussed of a transmission grating positioned behind a Wolter type I telescope, using Fermat's principle. We describe the conditions required to obtain a coma-free grating. The performance of a grating spectrometer for cosmic x-ray spectroscopy is discussed in some detail.
Evicting SDDS-2000 Buckets in RAM to the Disk (Extended Abstract) (2002)

An SDDS-2000 server currently manages only buckets in its RAM storage [C01]. Several buckets can coexist. When many files are created however, RAM storage space may not be sufficient for all the buckets simultaneously. When an application requests a bucket, but there is not enough room in RAM for it, one can evict some buckets to the disk. We define a number of promising eviction strategies. Our goal is to maximize the throughput of the server. 1.The Model We call cache the RAM storage available for the buckets at an SDDS Server. The cache of an SDDS server will contain buckets of files created by LH * and RP * insertions and splits. We envision that during a particular time period we will need to keep at a server only a small number of rather large buckets, / / how large are they?/ / say of the order of 20-30 buckets. The pattern of accesses will most likely consist of some steady accesses to a number of favorite files. In addition, we envision that some files will exhibit a burst of accesses during short periods, while for some other files we may have to deal with a temporal pattern, where the files go through peaks and valleys of accesses periodically. We would also like to consider
HYDRONITRIC ACID. VI. (1907)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHYDRONITRIC ACID. VI.L. M. Dennis and Helen IshamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1907, 29, 2, 216–223Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1907Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1907https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01956a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01956a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reconstituted basement membrane (matrigel) and laminin can enhance the tumorigenicity and the drug resistance of small cell lung cancer cell lines. (1990)

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a fatal malignancy due to its propensity to metastasize widely and to reoccur after chemotherapy in a drug-resistant form. While most SCLC cell lines are anchorage independent for growth, laminin induced the attachment of five of six SCLC cell lines tested (NCI-N417, NCI-H345, NCI-H146, NCI-H187, NCI-H510, and NCI-H209). NCI-N417 SCLC cells adopted a flattened morphology on laminin, and a classic SCLC cell line (NCI-H345) demonstrated a neuron-like appearance while the other SCLC cell lines except NCI-H187 cells, attached but did not spread. Adhesion to laminin was associated with increased resistance to several cytotoxic drugs. Matrigel, an extract of basement membrane proteins, greatly accelerated tumor growth when coinjected with SCLC cells in athymic mice. A synthetic peptide from the B1 chain of laminin, cyclic-YIGSR (Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg), inhibited laminin-induced SCLC cell adhesion and migration in vitro and reduced the size of the tumors they formed when coinjected with matrigel and YIGSR. These results suggest that the interaction of SCLC cells with laminin and possibly with other basement membrane proteins can enhance their tumorigenicity and drug resistance.
<title>Laser-activated protein bands for peripheral nerve repair</title> (1996)

A 100 micrometer core optical fiber-coupled 75 mW diode laser operating at a wavelength of 800 nm has been used in conjunction with a protein solder to stripe weld severed rat tibial nerves, reducing the long operating time required for microsurgical nerve repair. Welding is produced by selective laser denaturation of the protein based solder which contains the dye indocyanine green. Operating time for laser soldering was 10 plus or minus 5 min. (n equals 24) compared to 23 plus or minus 9 min (n equals 13) for microsuturing. The laser solder technique resulted in patent welds with a tensile strength of 15 plus or minus 5 g, while microsutured nerves had a tensile strength of 40 plus or minus 10 g. Histopathology of the laser soldered nerves, conducted immediately after surgery, displayed solder adhesion to the outer membrane with minimal damage to the inner axons of the nerves. An in vivo study, with a total of fifty-seven adult male wistar rats, compared laser solder repaired tibial nerves to conventional microsuture repair. Twenty-four laser soldered nerves and thirteen sutured nerves were characterized at three months and showed successful regeneration with average compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) of 2.4 plus or minus 0.7 mV and 2.7 plus or minus 0.8 mV respectively. Histopathology of the in vivo study, confirmed the comparable regeneration of axons in laser and suture operated nerves. A faster, less damaging and long lasting laser based anastomotic technique is presented.
Nonlinear Distortions Induced by Coherent Combinations in Microwave Photonic Links (2019)

In this paper, the impact of nonlinear distortions created by coherent combination on the spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) and response stability of microwave photonic (MWP) systems is studied. High SFDR is one of the key requirements in demanding modern communication networks which is usually limited by the nonlinearity of active devices. However, we demonstrate that even purely passive devices can generate nonlinear distortion when modulated optical signals coherently combine on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) or in fiber- based systems. This type of combination is more frequent in PICs since the total signal path on the chip is usually shorter than the coherence length of the laser source. Two different major types of coherent interference, Fabry-Perot (FP) and Mach-Zehnder (MZ), are considered and the induced nonlinearity is simulated for a directly intensity modulated optical signal. Two-tone method is employed to characterize intermodulation (IMD) products added to the signal. Based on the simulation results in the case of FP interference, the dynamic range of a link with 30% optical modulation index (OMI) and reflections as low as - 20 dB can be limited to 90.32 dB.Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> or 118.89 dB.Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> , respectively, by SFDR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> or SDFR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> rather than the distortions of active devices. Also, the output signal can be dominated by nonlinear distortions even higher than the fundamental signal when MZ interference happens. Finally, the response instability and environmental dependency of the link is discussed based on the simulation results.
Seven years of recording from monkey cortex with a chronically implanted multiple microelectrode (2010)

A brush of 64 microwires was chronically implanted in the ventral premotor cortex of a macaque monkey. Contrary to common approaches, the wires were inserted from the white matter side. This approach, by avoiding mechanical pressure on the dura and pia mater during penetration, disturbed only minimally the cortical recording site. With this approach isolated potentials and multiunit activity were recorded for more than 7 years in about one-third of electrodes. The indirect insertion method also provided an excellent stability within each recording session, and in some cases even allowed recording from the same neurons for several years. Histological examination of the implanted brain region shows only a very marginal damage to the recording area. Advantages and problems related to long-term recording are discussed.
In Vivo Model for the Experimental Manipulation of Calcified Tissues: A Surgical Approach for Accessing the Odontogenic Organ and Associated Tissues of the Rat Incisor (1999)

The tooth organ is extensively used in developmental biology to investigate organogenesis and cell differentiation. It also represents an advantageous system for the study of the various cellular and extracellular matrix events that regulate the formation of both collagenous and noncollagenous calcified tissues. This article describes an in vivo surgical approach to access and experimentally manipulate the tooth organ and supporting tissues of the rat incisor. By use of a dental drill, a "window" was created through the alveolar bone on the buccal aspect of the hemimandible at the apical end of the incisor. It is at this site that epithelial and mesenchymal precursors are situated and undergo cellular differentiation to give rise to cells of the odontogenic organ. Active bone remodeling is also observed in this area to accommodate posterior growth of the tooth. An osmotic minipump connected to the bony window through an outlet catheter was used for controlled and continuous administration of experimental agents over a predetermined period of time. To validate the model, vinblastine sulfate, fetuingold, and dinitrophenylated albumin were thus infused. The animals were then sacrificed and the hemimandibles were processed for histological and immunocytochemical analyses. The effects of the drug and the presence of tracers were restricted to the treated hemimandible and were found in the enamel organ and pulp, as well as in the tooth supporting tissues. Cellular changes typically associated with the administration of vinblastine were obtained, and tracers were localized both in the extracellular milieu and within the endosomal/lysosomal elements of cells. These results suggest that this new surgical approach could serve as an advantageous in vivo model in which various chemical agents, therapeutic drugs, molecular probes are locally administered to study the molecular events that regulate calcified tissue formation.
Multilingual acoustic models for the recognition of non-native speech (2005)

We report on the use of multilingual hidden Markov models for the recognition of non-native speech. Based on the design of a common phoneme set that provides a phone compression rate of almost 80 percent compared to a conglomerate of language dependent phone sets, we create acoustic models that share training data from up to 5 languages. Results obtained on two different data bases of non-native English demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, showing improved recognition accuracy in case of sparse training material, and also for speakers whose native language is not in the training data.
Auto complete using graph mining: A different approach (2011)

Autocomplete feature is widely used in search interfaces to assist users in their search. Autocomplete helps users by giving list of options based on characters entered in the search field. Significant amount of work has been done in this field, but the techniques used are not efficient or relevant when it comes to search within specific content like a text file, a document or a web page. This calls for different approaches such as ours. Our proposed method is based on preprocessing, graph mining, and hashing for generating the suggestion list. The suggestion list provided by our proposed method is more relevant because the list is document specific. Test results from our proposed method show that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing document specific autocomple search techniques.