gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric pressure ion-sampling system for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses on a benchtop mass spectrometer (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtmospheric pressure ion-sampling system for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses on a benchtop mass spectrometerKevin L. Duffin, Timothy. Wachs, and Jack D. HenionCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 1, 61–68Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00025a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00025a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication and Characterization of a GaN-Based 320 × 256 Micro-LED Array <sup>*</sup> (2017)

Design, fabrication and characterizations of GaN-based blue micro light emitting diode (LED) arrays are reported. The GaN micro-LED array consists of 320 × 256 pixels with a pitch size of 30μm. Each pixel is 25 × 25 μm2 in size, which is designed for backside emission and high density flip-chip packaging. The selected LED pixels being tested exhibit good uniformity in terms of turn-on voltage and reverse leakage current. The efficiency droop behavior and reliability behavior under high forward current stress are also studied. The micro-LED pixel shows improved reliability, which is likely caused by enhanced heat dissipation.
An Efficient Preparation of 2-Imidazolines and Imidazoles from Aldehydes with Molecular Iodine and (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene (2006)

Corrected by: An Efficient Preparation of 2-Imidazolines and Imidazoles from Aldehydes with Molecular Iodine and (Diacetoxyiodo)benzeneSynlett 2006; 2006(06): 964-964DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-939067
In Vivo Effects of CETP Inhibitory Peptides in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein-Transgenic Mice (2002)

We previously reported that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitory peptides (designated P28 and P10) have anti-atherogenic effects in hypercholesterolemic rabbits (Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1998) 1391, 133-144). To further investigate those effects, we studied rabbit plasma that was collected after 30 h of a P28 or P10 injection. We found that there is a strong correlation between the in vivo CETP inhibition effects and alterations of lipoprotein particle size distribution in rabbit plasma, as determined on an agarose gel electrophoresis and gel filtration column chromatography. In vivo effects of the peptide were observed again in C57BL/6 mice that expressed simian CETP. The P28 or P10 peptide (7 microg/g of body weight) that was dissolved in saline was injected subcutaneously into the mice. The P28 injection caused the partial inhibition of plasma CETP activity up to 50%, decreasing the total plasma cholesterol concentration by 30%, and increasing the ratio of HDL/ total-cholesterol concentration by 150% in the CETPtransgenic (tg) mice. The CETP inhibition by the P28 or P10 made alterations that modulated the size re-distribution of the lipoproteins in the blood stream. Particle size of the very low (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) from the peptide-injected group was highly decreased compared to the saline-injected group (determined on the gel filtration column chromatography). In contrast, The HDL particle size of the P28-injected group increased compared to the control group (saline-injected). The expression level of the CETP mRNA of the P28-injected CETP-tg mouse appeared lower than the saline-injected CETP-tg mouse. These results suggest that the injection of the CETP inhibitory peptide could affect the CETP expression level in the liver by influencing lipoprotein metabolism.
A New Class of Capping Ligands for CdSe Nanocrystal Synthesis (2005)

A new method is described for the synthesis of high-quality CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) that eliminates the need for tri-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO). This new method is an adaptation of previously reported methods that use Cd salts as precursors for the CdSe NCs. High-boiling esters and ketones such as hexadecyl hexadecanoate (HH) and benzophenone (BP) appear to be excellent replacements for TOPO in this reaction. Compared with TOPO, HH offers a significant synthetic advantage as it slows the initial growth of the NC nuclei formed after injection of the Se precursor. This allows for superior control over particle size in the initial stages of the reaction, and thus permits facile production of high-quality CdSe NCs with very small diameters (<4 nm). Based upon the results presented here, a possible role is identified for TOPO in the CdSe NC synthesis. Understanding of the role of TOPO and other reaction components is crucial for continued progress in the synthesis of high-quality NCs.
AutoComment: Mining question and answer sites for automatic comment generation (2013)

Code comments improve software maintainability. To address the comment scarcity issue, we propose a new automatic comment generation approach, which mines comments from a large programming Question and Answer (Q&A) site. Q&A sites allow programmers to post questions and receive solutions, which contain code segments together with their descriptions, referred to as code-description mappings.We develop AutoComment to extract such mappings, and leverage them to generate description comments automatically for similar code segments matched in open-source projects. We apply AutoComment to analyze Java and Android tagged Q&A posts to extract 132,767 code-description mappings, which help AutoComment to generate 102 comments automatically for 23 Java and Android projects. The user study results show that the majority of the participants consider the generated comments accurate, adequate, concise, and useful in helping them understand the code.
Achromatic dual-zone phase mask stellar coronagraph (2003)

This paper presents a generalization of the Roddier & Roddier Phase Mask coronagraph for polychromatic observations. It is shown that using a dual-zone phase mask, combined with complex apodization, both phase and size chromatism can be compensated simultaneously to produce high extinction of a point source over large bandwidths, for example the entire K band with a residual integrated starlight of and a star intensity level of 10-6 at an angular separation of . Other advantages of the proposed technique include the compatibility with centrally obscured telescopes, absence of blind axes and no symmetrization of the images.
Phase Equilibria in Synthetic Coal–Petcoke Slags (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–CaO–FeO–SiO<sub>2</sub>–V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) under Simulated Gasification Conditions (2011)

Phase equilibria of the Al2O3–CaO–FeO–SiO2–V2O3 system in synthetic slag mixtures simulating coal–petcoke slag chemistry at 1500 °C in an oxygen partial pressure of 10–8 atm were investigated by a series of quench experiments. Quenched samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX). Two precipitated crystal phases were identified in molten slags: mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) in Al2O3-rich slags and karelianite (V2O3) in V2O3-rich slags. Scanning electron microscopy and TEM diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of the mullite and karelianite phases. On the basis of experimental results, an isothermal phase diagram of the Al2O3–CaO–FeO–SiO2–V2O3 system at 1500 °C and PO2 = 10–8 atm is proposed while keeping CaO = 7.0 wt % and FeO = 13.5 wt %.
Detection and evaluation of fragrances by human reactions using a chemical sensor based on adsorbate detection (1993)

Human reactions and sensor responses to 37 typical fragrances are investigated in order to develop a chemical sensor which can detect fragrances and evaluate them in subjective terms of human reactions. Eight female test subjects recorded their reactions to these fragrances by grading them on a seven-point scale in terms of 55 descriptive characteristics. Their reactions fell into two general categories, "pleasantness" and "freshness (elegance)", dependent on the characteristic chemical structure of the fragrances. The women evaluate the fragrances mainly by the degree of pleasantness and freshness (elegance). A set of eight plezoelectric sensors incorporating different hydrophobic polymer materials is fabricated to predict such human reactions because their adsorbate detection and pattern recognition are similar to those in humans. The sensors were effective in detecting hydrophobic fragrances in the gas phase, and their fragrance classifications were similar to human ones. The sensor responses to the adsorbate correlate significantly with two of the human responses with multiple correlation coefficients of more than 0.6 (p < 0.02). Namely, the sensor can predict two different human reactions to fragrances simultaneously, suggesting the possibility of developing an artificial olfactory sensor based on adsorbate detection.
Discussion of Peculiarity in Yato (paddy field at bottomland with sideslope) and Conservation of Frogs (1998)

都市域に点在する谷戸は里地の生物の生息拠点となっている。谷戸環境を特徴づけるカエル類を指標として, 谷戸の特性および生態的ネットワーク形成によるカエル類保全について考察した。調査対象地域とした柏尾川流域 (横浜市南部他) は, 都市化による谷戸の減少・孤立化が進んでおり, かろうじて潜在的なカエル相が維持されていることが明らかになった。カエル相の保全には, 個々の谷戸における生息環境の保全と合わせて広域的な生態的ネットワーク計画が必要となる。その際力エル類の生息拠点の抽出には流域単位での把握が有効である。また, 地域住民による保全活動の場としての谷戸特性が認められた。
Wnt Activation by Wild Type and Mutant Myocilin in Cultured Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells (2012)

The present study demonstrated that following forced expression of wild type myocilin, Wnt was activated, triggering in turn other myocilin-related alterations. P370L and Q368X mutations induced similar phenotypes, suggesting one possible mechanism how the mutants may lead to TM cell damage and pathology.
Construction of Inverse Photoemission Spectrometer and Its Application (1996)

An inverse photoemission spectrometer has been built and tested to study the unoccupied electron energy states of solid surfaces. It consists of a low energy electron gun and a band pass photon detector in an ultra-high vacuum chamber. The electron ray tracing simulation and current measurement of the electron gun show a good focus and a high flux of electron current. The overall resolution of the spectrometer is 0.74 eV and the sensitivity of the photon detector is about 10 counts/ As a test experiment, the inverse photoemission spectra of a Ge(111) sample is in good agreement with the theoretical result.강원대학교 소방방재학부;
Esomeprazole provides improved acid control vs. omeprazole in patients with symptoms of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (2000)

Esomeprazole provides more effective acid control than omeprazole, with reduced interpatient variability, thereby offering the potential for improved efficacy in acid-related diseases.
Spatially resolved extended phase graphs: Modeling and design of multipulse sequences with parallel transmission (2012)

A spatially resolved extended phase graph (SR-EPG) framework is proposed for prediction of echo amplitudes in the presence of spatially variable radio frequency (RF) fields. The method may be used to examine any regularly repeating pulse sequence and provides a design framework for parallel transmission (PTx) systems; in this work signal homogeneity in static pseudo-steady state (SPSS) turbo spin echo (TSE) imaging was investigated. Building on SR-EPG calculations with PTx, a dynamic RF-shimming approach is proposed in which, RF pulse amplitudes and phases are optimized on a per channel and per pulse basis to yield the desired signal response for all echoes. Results show significant improvements over "static" RF shimming (in which the relative amplitude/phase of the PTx channels are fixed for all pulses). SPSS-TSE imaging using dynamic RF shimming resulted in excellent image quality, both in phantoms and in vivo, and confirmed SR-EPG predictions.
The application of parylene conformal coating technology to archival and artifact conservation (1984)

AbstractThis study concerns the application of parylene conformal coating technology to the preservation and/or protection of archival materials and museum artifacts. Topics discussed are the properties of the polymer, the process of deposition, stress tests conducted on parylenetreated paper, encapsulation of entire books, artifact analog studies, as well as the restoration and subsequent treatment of an antique microscope with parylene.
An Application of Walsh Functions in Radio Astronomy Instrumentation (1978)

Walsh functions can be used to advantage to perform phase switching in antenna arrays used for radio mapping of the sky by Fourier synthesis. This paper describes the reason for phase switching, the advantage of using Walsh functions, and the implementation of these ideas in the Very Large Array (VLA) program of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.1
The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2005)

The development of the flat morphology of leaf blades is dependent on the control of cell proliferation as well as cell expansion. Each process has a polarity with respect to the longitudinal and transverse axes of the leaf blade. However, only a few regulatory components of these processes have been identified to date. We have characterized two genes from Arabidopsis thaliana: ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3), which encodes a homolog of the human transcription coactivator SYT, and GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR5 (AtGRF5), which encodes a putative transcription factor. AN3 is identical to GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR1 (AtGIF1). The an3 and atgrf5 mutants exhibit narrow-leaf phenotypes due to decreases in cell number. Conversely, cell proliferation in leaf primordia is enhanced and leaves grow larger than normal when AN3 or AtGRF5 is overexpressed. Both genes are expressed in leaf primordia, and in the yeast two-hybrid assay, the gene products were found to interact with each other through their N-terminal domains. These results suggest that AN3 and AtGRF5 act together and are required for the development of appropriate leaf size and shape through the promotion and/or maintenance of cell proliferation activity in leaf primordia.
Tumor Cell Invasion of Basement Membrane in Vitro is Regulated by Amino Acids (1996)

Because most cancer deaths result from disseminated disease, understanding the regulation of tumor invasion and metastasis is a central theme in tumor cell biology. Interactions between extracellular matrices (ECM) and cellular microenvironment play a crucial role in this process. We have tested selected amino acids and polyamines for their ability to regulate RL95-2 cell invasion through both intact human amniotic basement membrane and a novel human ECM (Amgel). Three major systems for neutral amino acid transport, systems L, A, and ASC, are operational in these neoplastic cells. Amino acids entering the cell via transport system A or N, i.e., (methyl amino)-isobutyrate (MeAIB) or Asn, markedly enhanced invasiveness of these human adenocarcinoma cells as measured by a standard 72-hr amnion or Amgel invasion assay. Addition of 2-amino-2-norborane carboxylic acid (BCH; 1 mM), a model substrate of the L transport system, caused a significant decrease in invasive activity when tested in the Amgel assay. Interestingly, Val lowers steady-state levels of MeAIB uptake and blocks the increase in cell invasion elicited by MeAIB. At the same time, these amino acids do not influence cell proliferation activity. Neither the charged amino acid Lys or Asp (not transported by A/N/L systems) nor the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, or spermine modulate invasiveness under similar experimental conditions. Moreover, the observed time-dependent stimulation of system A activity (cellular influx of MeAIB) by substrate depletion is prevented by the addition of actinomycin D (5 microM) or cycloheximide (100 microM), suggesting the involvement of de novo RNA and protein synthesis events in these processes. MeAIB treatment of tumor cells selectively increased the activities of key invasion-associated type IV collagenases/gelatinases. These results indicate that in the absence of defined regulators (growth factors or hormones), certain amino acids may contribute to the epigenetic control of human tumor cell invasion and, by extension, metastasis. We propose that amino acids, acting via specific signaling pathways, modulate phenotypic cell behavior by modulating the levels of key regulatory enzymatic proteins.
Construction of an International Space Transit Vehicle Using the Space Station (2010)

*Graduate Student, Department of Astronautical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA Conductor, ASTE 527 Space Concepts Studio, Department of Astronautical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, Graduate Thesis Advisor, School of Architecture, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, AIAA Member 1 Construction of an International Space Transit Vehicle Using the Space Station
Adiponectin Deficiency Promotes Tumor Growth in Mice by Reducing Macrophage Infiltration (2010)

Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein that has been implicated in regulating angiogenesis, but the role of adiponectin in regulating this process is still controversial. In this study, in order to determine whether adiponectin affects tumor growth and tumor induced vascularization, we implanted B16F10 melanoma and Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells subcutaneously into adiponectin knockout and wild-type control mice, and found that adiponectin deficiency markedly promoted the growth of both tumors. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that adiponectin deficiency reduced macrophage recruitment to the tumor, but did not affect cancer cell mitosis, apoptosis, or tumor-associated angiogenesis. In addition, treatment with recombinant adiponectin did not affect the proliferation of cultured B16F10 tumor cells. Importantly, the restoration of microphage infiltration at an early stage of tumorigenesis by means of co-injection of B16F10 cells and macrophages reversed the increased tumor growth in adiponectin knockout mice. Thus, we conclude that the enhanced tumor growth observed in adiponectin deficient mice is likely due to the reduction of macrophage infiltration rather than enhanced angiogenesis.
Layout optimization for multilayer overlay targets (2006)

A novel overlay target developed by IBM and Accent Optical Technologies, Blossom, allows simultaneous overlay measurements of multiple layers (currently, up to 28) with a single target. This is achieved by a rotationally symmetric arrangement of small (4 micron) targets in a 50 micron square area, described more fully in a separate paper. In this paper, we examine the lessons learned in developing and testing the Blossom design. We start by examining proximity effects; the spacing of adjacent targets means that both the precision-like Total Measurement Uncertainty (TMU) and accuracy of a measurement can be affected by proximity of features. We use a mixture of real and modelled data to illustrate this problem, and find that the layout of Blossom reduces the proximity-induced bias. However, we do find that in certain cases proximity effects can increase the TMU of a particular measurement. The solution is to ensure that parts of the target that interact detrimentally are maximally separated. We present a solution to this, viewing the problem as a constrained Travelling Salesman Problem. We have imposed some global constraints, for example printing front-end and back-end layers on separate targets, and consistency with the overlay measurement strategy. Initially, we assume that pairwise measurements are either critical or non-critical, and optimize the layout so that the critical layers are both not placed adjacent to any prior or intermediate-layer features. We then build upon this structure, to consider the effect of low-energy implants (that cannot be seen once processed) and site re-use possibilities. Beyond this, we also investigate the impact of more strategic optimizations, for example, tuning the number of features on each layer. In each case, we present on-product performance data achieved, and modelled data on some additional target variants / extreme cases.
Lightning (1983)

The previous review of U.S. lightning research for the IUGG covered the period 1971–1975 and was published by Uman et al. (1975). Although the present review is intended to cover the research of the last four years, 1979–1982, we will survey the total seven year period, 1976–1982, since the previous review. References to 82 articles were included in the 1971–1975 review, an average of 16 to 17 papers per year. Interestingly enough, the yearly average for 1976–1982 is 18, a value almost identical to the previous period. Many of these recent articles describe research performed as part of the Thunderstorm Research International Program (TRIP) hosted by the NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida in 1976–1978 and by the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in Socorro, New Mexico in 1979–1982.
Alveolar progenitor differentiation and lactation depends on paracrine inhibition of Notch via ROBO1/CTNNB1/JAG1 (2021)

In the mammary gland, how alveolar progenitor cells are recruited to fuel tissue growth with each estrus cycle and pregnancy remains poorly understood. Here, we identify a regulatory pathway that controls alveolar progenitor differentiation and lactation by governing Notch activation in mouse. Loss of Robo1 in the mammary gland epithelium activates Notch signaling, which expands the alveolar progenitor cell population at the expense of alveolar differentiation, resulting in compromised lactation. ROBO1 is expressed in both luminal and basal cells, but loss of Robo1 in basal cells results in the luminal differentiation defect. In the basal compartment, ROBO1 inhibits the expression of Notch ligand Jag1 by regulating β-catenin (CTNNB1), which binds the Jag1 promoter. Together, our studies reveal how ROBO1/CTTNB1/JAG1 signaling in the basal compartment exerts paracrine control of Notch signaling in the luminal compartment to regulate alveolar differentiation during pregnancy.
LCA Modelling and Analysis of PHA Manufacturing by Alternative Processes (2008)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) made from organic sources is viewed as promising biodegradable polymer for medical applications. Various manufacturing processes are being developed for more competitive cost and environmental friendliness. This paper reports a study on the use of LCA as a decision-making support tool in the development of PHA manufacturing processes. LCA models for three alternative microbial PHA manufacturing processes, namely, using glucose as the carbon substrate, using cheese whey as carbon substrate, and using genetically engineered plants, are developed in GaBi 4. Eco-indicator 99 methodology is used and 10 indicators under Human Health, Ecosystem Quality, and Resources are obtained and compared.