gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forecasting next-day electricity prices by time series models (2002)

In the framework of competitive electricity markets, power producers and consumers need accurate price forecasting tools. Price forecasts embody crucial information for producers and consumers when planning bidding strategies in order to maximize their benefits and utilities, respectively. This paper provides two highly accurate yet efficient price forecasting tools based on time series analysis: dynamic regression and transfer function models. These techniques are explained and checked against each other. Results and discussions from real-world case studies based on the electricity markets of mainland Spain and California are presented.
RTP Payload Format for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) (2016)

This memo describes an RTP payload format for the video coding standard ITU-T Recommendation H.265 and ISO/IEC International Standard 23008-2, both also known as High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and developed by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC).The RTP payload format allows for packetization of one or more Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units in each RTP packet payload as well as fragmentation of a NAL unit into multiple RTP packets.Furthermore, it supports transmission of an HEVC bitstream over a single stream as well as multiple RTP streams.When multiple RTP streams are used, a single transport or multiple transports may be utilized.The payload format has wide applicability in videoconferencing, Internet video streaming, and high-bitrate entertainment-quality video, among others.
Selection of fat-equivalent materials in postprocessing dual-energy quantitative CT (1992)

Postprocessing dual-energy QCT is supposed to be able to predict the bone mineral more accurately than single-energy QCT. In addition, the fat content in the vertebral body can be determined. To this aim, some methods include fat-equivalent materials in the calibration device. However, the choice of an appropriate fat-equivalent material is difficult. To solve this selection problem, a method has been developed in which the x-ray interactions of tissue are characterized by three energy-independent parameters. For five different known constituents of anatomical fat, fat-equivalent materials are evaluated. It is shown that it is not possible to find one fat-equivalent material for all anatomical fat compositions. For this reason, the influence of a mismatch between the characterization parameters of anatomical fat compositions and fat-equivalent materials has been evaluated. It is shown that a mismatch in tissue characterization parameters can result in deviations of 10% in the bone mineral content and more than 300% in the estimated fat contents.
A Monolithic Surface Acoustic Wave Charge Transfer Device And Its Applications (1980)

Surface acoustic waves excited in a Si-SiO2-ZnO layered structure can produce a traveling electric field in the silicon substrate. Charges stored in the traveling potential wells can be transferred at high speed and density and with less complexity than conventional charge coupled devices. The monolithic structure under investigation for the surface acoustic wave charge transfer device consists of a silicon substrate, a thin silicon dioxide insulating layer on top of which a ZnO piezoelectric film is deposited by sputtering. The surface acoustic waves are excited by interdigital transducers. The signal charge is injected into traveling potential wells that travel with the velocity of sound. The presence of a thin shorting plate placed on the ZnO film, over the charge transfer region, can enhance the acousto-electric potential at the Si-SiO2 interface, thus resulting in a more efficient device. An 80 MHz, 2p-second surface acoustic wave charge coupled device has successfully been fabricated. An optical application utilizing such a structure is proposed. It can be used in place of a conventional interline transfer design. Surface acoustic waves are launched before the charges are transferred from the sensor region to the transport region.
Hyperthyroidism due to secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin in a patient with metastatic choriocarcinoma (2005)

A 26-year-old pregnant woman presenting with repeated episodes of vaginal bleeding, weight loss, and shortness of breath was diagnosed with choriocarcinoma with metastases to both lungs. Chorionic gonadotropin levels (hCG) were >2.5 x 10(6)mU/mL. Consistent with hCG-induced subclinical hyperthyroidism, she had a suppressed TSH of 0.037 mU/L (0.49 - 4.67), a T4 of 18.1 microg/dL (4.9 - 10.7), and T3 of 136 ng/dL (45 - 137). Chemotherapy with a combined regimen with etoposide, methotrexate, and dactinomycine was started. The initial course was complicated by urosepsis with respiratory distress requiring endotracheal intubation for 3 days. She then improved rapidly, and her thyroid function tests were within normal limits by day 12. Six months later, after ten cycles of chemotherapy, the patient was in remission without signs of residual tumor or hCG-induced paraneoplastic activity.
Cell growth‐dependent subcellular localization of p8 (2005)

p8 is a stress-induced protein, biochemically related to the architectural factor HMG-I/Y, overexpressed in many cancers and required for tumor expansion. The molecular mechanisms by which p8 may exert its effect in aspects of growth is unknown. Using immunocytochemistry, we found that p8 presents nuclear localization in sub-confluent cells, but it localizes throughout the whole cell in high density grown cells. Cells arrested in Go/G1, either by serum deprivation or by hydroxyurea treatment, show a nucleo-cytoplasmic localization of p8, whether in the rest of the cell cycle stages of actively dividing cells the localization is nuclear. A comparison of p8 sequences from human to fly predicts a conserved bipartite nuclear localization sequence (NLS). The putative NLS has been demonstrated to be functional, since nuclear import is energy dependent (inhibited by sodium azide plus 2-deoxyglucose), and fusion proteins GFP-p8 and GFP-NLSp8 localize to the nucleus, whereas GFP-p8NLSmut in which with Lys 65, 69, 76, and 77 mutated to Ala localized to the whole cell. p8 localization does not involve the CRM1 transporter, since it is insensitive to leptomycin B. Inhibitors of MAPK pathways did not affect p8 subcellular localization. The inhibition of deacetylation with Trichostatin A promotes cytoplasmic accumulation of p8. The results suggest that p8 growth stage-dependent localization is regulated by acetylation, that p8 is not free within the cell but forming part of a complex and that it may exert a role in both subcellular localizations.
LMX1B mutation with residual transcriptional activity as a cause of isolated glomerulopathy (2013)

This is the first report on LMX1B mutation identified in a patient with NPLRD. Residual transcriptional activity would account for normality of the nails and patella in this case. Genetic and pathological analyses of additional cases would clarify the role of LMX1B in glomerulopathy without systemic symptoms, which, together with nephropathy in NPS, can be designated as 'LMX1B nephropathy'.
[Comparative study of the modification of blood, blood coagulation, cardiovascular circulation by 3% modified, fluid gelatins and 6% low-molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch]. (1987)

A randomized, comparative study with 3% modified fluid gelatine and 6% low molecular hydroxyethylstarch has been made on 87 patients of an intensive care unit. Both plasma substitutes were well compatible to the patients. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was accelerated significantly by both plasma substitutes. This effect was at a maximum after 24 h and in the gelatine group it was percental about three times stronger, referred to the base line level in this group. In the hydroxyethylstarch group after 12 h the thrombocyte cell number decreased about 10.3%, referred to the base line, in the gelatine group the decrease was only 1.5% at the same time. At the chemical parameters there were no more differences between the two substitutes. Both plasma substitutes showed a mean effect of 4 h on plasma volume, referred to the changes of central venous pressure. The gelatine substitute showed a significant rise in blood pressure after end of infusion, the hydroxyethylstarch substitute did not. Both substitutes showed a rise in diuresis with a delay of 1 h. There were no differences between both solutions in the diuretic effect after infusion.
Masking of Transient Signals Having Identical Energy Spectra (1971)

Pairs of waveforms having identical energy spectra were generated using a technique developed by Huffman. A pair of such waveforms differ only in their phase spectra. The discriminability of such waveforms was measured under various conditions. The total duration of the waveforms was varied as well as the nature of the differences in their phase spectra. The results of these experiments suggest that the ear can discriminate differences in temporal order as small as 2.5 msec. In latter experiments this discriminability among pairs was studied when both waveforms were partially masked by noise. Some pairs can be discriminated when only 6 dB above their masked threshold. These same waveforms were used in a series of masking experiments. When these waveforms are used as maskers of sinusoidal signals they do not produce equal masking, although the energy in any region near the signal frequency is the same for all maskers. The masked threshold for the sinusoids changes as much as 15 dB as a function of the particular waveform used as the masker.RésuméDes paires d'ondes ayant des spectres d'énergie identiques furent générées d'après une technique développée par Huffman. Une paire de telles ondes diffère seulement par leurs spectres de phase. La discriminabilité de telles ondes fut mesurée dans diffèrentes conditions. La durée totale des ondes fut changée ainsi que la nature des différences de leurs spectres de phase. Les résultats de ces expériences suggèrent que l'oreille peut discriminer des différences d'ordre temporel aussi minimes que 2,5 msec. Dans des expériences ultérieures, cette discriminabilité à l'intérieur des paires fut étudiée lorsque les deux ondes étaient partiellement masquées par du bruit. Certaines paires se laissent discriminer lorsque elles atteignent un niveau de 6 dB seulement au-dessus de leur seuil masqué. Ces měmes ondes furent employées dans une série d'expériences de masquage. Quand ces ondes sont utilisées pour masquer des signaux sinusoïdaux, elles ne produisent pas un effet de masque égal, bien que lénergie dans toute région voisine de la fréquence du signal soit identique pour toutes les ondes ainsi utilisées. Le seuil de masquage pour les sinusoïdes varie jusqu'à 15 dB en fonction de l'onde particulière utilisée pour masquer.
Thermal Properties of Polymer Mortar Using Recycled PET and Fly Ash (1995)

Recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET), mainly recovered from used plastic beverage bottles, can be chemically modified to produce unsaturated polyester resin. In turn, the polyester resin can be mixed with fly ash to produce polymer mortar (PM). PM made with recycled PET and fly ash can be utilized very effectively in construction applications. The use of the PM could help save energy and cost, and alleviate an environmental problem. The effect of the amount of fly ash on the glass transition temperature, degradation temperature, tensile peak strength, and tensile modulus of the PM has been extensively investigated. Models were also developed using multiple regression analysis to predict the strength and modulus of PM using various percentages of fly ash at various temperatures. This evaluation is not only important from the standpoint that resins based on recycled PET and fly ash fillers are being used, but also because very little research has been done in this area with virgin materials.
Slowly activating vacuolar channels can not mediate Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> release (1997)

In order to test the hypothesis that slowly activating vacuolar (SV) channels mediate Ca 2+ ‐induced Ca 2+ release the voltage‐ and Ca 2+ ‐dependence of these K + and Ca 2+ ‐ permeable channels were studied in a quantitative manner. The patch‐clamp technique was applied to barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) mesophyll vacuoles in the whole vacuole and vacuolar‐free patch configuration. Under symmetrical ionic conditions the current‐voltage relationship of the open SV channel was characterized by a pronounced inward rectification. The single channel current amplitude was not affected by changes in cytosolic Ca 2+ whereas an increase in vacuolar Ca 2+ decreased the unitary current in a voltage‐dependent manner. The SV channel open‐probability increased with positive potentials and elevated cytosolic Ca 2+ , but not with elevated cytosolic Mg 2+ . An increase of cytosolic Ca 2+ shifted the half‐activation potential to more negative voltages, whereas an increase of vacuolar Ca 2+ shifted the half‐activation potential to more positive voltages. At physiological vacuolar Ca 2+ activities (50 μM to 2 mM) changes in cytosolic Ca 2+ (5 μM to 2 mM) revealed an exponential dependence of the SV channel open‐probability on the electrochemical potential gradient for Ca 2+ (Δμ Ca ). At the Ca 2+ equilibrium potential (Δμ Ca = 0) the open‐probability was as low as 0.4%. Higher open‐probabilities required net Ca 2+ motive forces which would drive Ca 2+ influx into the vacuole. Under conditions favouring Ca 2+ release from the vacuole, however, the open‐probability further decreased. Based on quantitative analysis, it was concluded that the SV channel is not suited for Ca 2+ ‐induced Ca 2+ release from the vacuole.
Designing a Receptor for Molecular Recognition in a Catalytic Synthetic Reaction:  Allylic Alkylation (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTDesigning a Receptor for Molecular Recognition in a Catalytic Synthetic Reaction: Allylic AlkylationBarry M. Trost*Barry M. TrostDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080 In papers with more than one author, the asterisk indicates the name of the author to whom inquiries about the paper should be addressed.More by Barry M. TrostCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 8, 355–364Publication Date (Web):August 13, 1996Publication History Received6 February 1996Published online13 August 1996Published inissue 13 August 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar9501129https://doi.org/10.1021/ar9501129research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3255Altmetric-Citations374LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Ligands,Post-translational modification,Stereoselectivity,Substitution reactions Get e-Alerts
The Photochemical Synthesis of Fine Chemicals with Sunlight (1994)

Abstract The light of the sun can be used directly for changing chemical structures photochemically. Any industrial application must conform to the limitations imposed by the spectral distribution of the photons from the sun, the interruptions to the radiation due to the day/night rhythm, and the weather. In this review, we describe the photochemical potential of the sun, give a fundamental treatment of the concept of photoreactors driven by sunlight (abbreviated to solar photoreactors), and give an account of the realization of this concept in the first pilot plant on the “Plataforma Solar de Almeria” in southern Spain and in other activities in this field. Based on experimental data from photochemical investigations on the pilot plant scale, possibilities, limitations, and the potential growth of solar photochemistry are described. Solar photochemistry, in our opinion, is a technique which could make a contribution to the chemistry of the future because of its photochemical synthesis potential, the avoidance of waste products, and the direct utilization of the sun, not only as a primary energy source, but also as a reaction partner.
AN9, a Petunia Glutathione <i>S</i>-Transferase Required for Anthocyanin Sequestration, Is a Flavonoid-Binding Protein (2000)

Abstract AN9 is a glutathione S-transferase from petunia (Petunia hybrida) required for efficient anthocyanin export from the site of synthesis in the cytoplasm into permanent storage in the vacuole. For many xenobiotics it is well established that a covalent glutathione (GSH) tag mediates recognition of molecules destined for vacuolar sequestration by a tonoplast-localized ATP-binding cassette pump. Here we inquired whether AN9 catalyzes the formation of GSH conjugates with flavonoid substrates. Using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of reaction mixtures containing enzyme, GSH, and flavonoids, including anthocyanins, we could detect neither conjugates nor a decrease in the free thiol concentration. These results suggest that no conjugate is formed in vitro. However, AN9 was shown to bind flavonoids using three assays: inhibition of the glutathione S-transferase activity of AN9 toward the common substrate 1-chloro 2,4-dinitrobenzene, equilibrium dialysis, and tryptophan quenching. We conclude that AN9 is a flavonoid-binding protein, and propose that in vivo it serves as a cytoplasmic flavonoid carrier protein.
Adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. (1999)

We have studied adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity after infection of malignant cells obtained from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Our studies indicate that adenoviruses can infect primary CLL cells and that infection of CLL cells with a replication-competent strain of human adenovirus 5 (Ad5dl309) results in cytotoxicity. Adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity was also seen after infection of CLL cells with a variety of viruses attenuated by mutations in the adenovirus early region 1 (E1) or early region 2 (E2). Even viruses attenuated by deletion of the entire E1 region resulted in cytotoxicity after infection of the CLL cells obtained from some patients. Although there was variability in the degree of cytotoxicity induced by different viruses in different patients cells, a virus with a mutation in the E1B 19K gene resulted in the greatest degree of cytotoxicity in most of the CLL samples tested. These studies demonstrate that infection of CLL cells by attenuated adenoviruses with specific mutations in the E1 or E2 region results in cell death. Attenuated adenoviruses should be developed further as therapeutic agents for patients with CLL.
Introductory lecture (1974)

Four types of gels are distinguished according to their structure: 1, ordered, lamellar gels (e.g., clays, soaps, and similar mesophases); 2, covalent polymer networks; 3, polymer networks formed by physical aggregation of polymer chains through the agency of multistranded helices or of crystalline domains; 4, particulate disordered gels (e.g., fibrillar or reticular precipitates, aggregated globular proteins, etc.). Continuity of structure over macroscopic dimensions and permanency of that structure are cited as the underlying features common to gels in general. The preponderance of the gels and gelling processes brought before this Discussion are of types 2 or 3. The statistical theory of molecular distributions in randomly interlinked systems is reviewed and the theory of gelation is discussed in relation to experimental measurements and observations.
Nascent peptide-mediated translation elongation arrest coupled with mRNA degradation in the <i>CGS1</i> gene of <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2005)

Expression of the Arabidopsis CGS1 gene that codes for cystathionine gamma-synthase is feedback regulated at the step of mRNA stability in response to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet). A short stretch of amino acid sequence, called the MTO1 region, encoded by the first exon of CGS1 itself is involved in this regulation. Here, we demonstrate, using a cell-free system, that AdoMet induces temporal translation elongation arrest at the Ser-94 codon located immediately downstream of the MTO1 region, by analyzing a translation intermediate and performing primer extension inhibition (toeprint) analysis. This translation arrest precedes the formation of a degradation intermediate of CGS1 mRNA, which has its 5' end points near the 5' edge of the stalled ribosome. The position of ribosome stalling also suggests that the MTO1 region in nascent peptide resides in the ribosomal exit tunnel when translation elongation is temporarily arrested. In addition to the MTO1 region amino acid sequence, downstream Trp-93 is also important for the AdoMet-induced translation arrest. This is the first example of nascent peptide-mediated translation elongation arrest coupled with mRNA degradation in eukaryotes. Furthermore, our data suggest that the ribosome stalls at the step of translocation rather than at the step of peptidyl transfer.
Conductive Polymer Brushes of Regioregular Head-to-Tail Poly(3-alkylthiophenes) via Catalyst-Transfer Surface-Initiated Polycondensation (2007)

We describe a new method to grow conductive polymer (CP) brushes of regioregular head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (P3AT) via surface-initiated polycondensation of 2-bromo-5-chloromagnesio-3-alkylthiophene. A simple procedure for the preparation of the Ni(II) macroinitiator by the reaction of Ni(PPh3)4 with photocross-linked poly-4-bromostyrene films was developed. Exposure of the initiator layers to the monomer solution leads to selective chain growth polycondensation of the monomer from the surface, resulting in P3AT brushes in a very economical way. In contrast to the P3AT films prepared by traditional solvent casting methods, our approach leads to mechanically robust CP films, stable against delamination. We believe that our approach will be helpful in the fabrication of all-plastic devices.
Electrolytic ablation as an adjunct to liver resection: experimental studies of predictability and safety (2002)

Predictable and reproducible necrosis is produced by electrolysis in the pig liver. The treatment appears to cause little or no damage to immediately adjacent liver or major vascular structures and, when combined with resection, may offer the chance of a cure to many patients who are currently unresectable.