gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
유아 비만도별에 따른 운동능력과 신체활동량의 관계 연구 (2016)

In this study, we performed an infant physical examination and athletic examination for 3-5 years old of 121 infants and a daily physical activity in a children education institute , using accelerated passometer for 8 weeks to study about relation of the motor ability and the physical activity for the infantile obesity. The lists of measurement are the physique (height and weight) and the athletic (standing long jump, sitting trunk flexion, sit-up, shuttle run, standing with one leg, 10m hopping, kicking the ball and catching the ball), and to measure physical activity, we used a accelerated passometer(YAMASA). The average steps was 3897.26±992.93, and thin and fat infants has more physical activity than standard infant. So, we found there is a difference as obesity. Male has more physical activity than female, the physical activity was shown 3868.71±788.87 for 3-year-old infants, 3669.82±707.25 for 4-year-old and 4185.59±1339.84 for 5-year-old infants. There happened some statistical differences in sub-elements of the physical strength depending on the degree of obesity in standing long jumping(p<.001), sit-up(p<.001), shuttle run(p<.01), standing with one leg(p<.05), 10m hopping(p<.001), catching the ball(p<.05), but there happened no differences in sitting trunk flexion and catching the ball. We should notice how serious problems we have in this society compared to other countries when it comes to the child obesity and the related problems and how less and shorter the children spend their time on physical activities than other countries, thus we should suggest the solutions for the future of the child through analysis and consideration on it by relating the problems that the children have to the administration, education, and child-care centers.
Prediction of the Composition of Petroleum Fractions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrediction of the Composition of Petroleum FractionsMohammad R. Riazi and Thomas E. DaubertCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1980, 19, 2, 289–294Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260074a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i260074a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views786Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A mammalian mitochondrial drug receptor functions as a bacterial “oxygen” sensor (1997)

The rat mitochondrial outer membrane-localized benzodiazepine receptor (MBR) was expressed in wild-type and TspO- (tryptophan-rich sensory protein) strains of the facultative photoheterotroph, Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, and was shown to retain its structure within the bacterial outer membrane as assayed by its binding properties with a variety of MBR ligands. Functionally, it was able to substitute for TspO by negatively regulating the expression of photosynthesis genes in response to oxygen. This effect was reversed pharmacologically with the MBR ligand PK11195. These results suggest a close evolutionary and functional relationship between the bacterial TspO and the MBR. This relationship provides further support for the origin of the mammalian mitochondrion from a "photosynthetic" precursor. Finally, these findings provide novel insights into the physiological role that has been obscure for the MBR in situ.
Gravity and the orientation of cell division (1997)

A novel culture system for mammalian cells was used to investigate division orientations in populations of Chinese hamster ovary cells and the influence of gravity on the positioning of division axes. The cells were tethered to adhesive sites, smaller in diameter than a newborn cell, distributed over a nonadhesive substrate positioned vertically. The cells grew and divided while attached to the sites, and the angles and directions of elongation during anaphase, projected in the vertical plane, were found to be random with respect to gravity. However, consecutive divisions of individual cells were generally along the same axis or at 90 degrees to the previous division, with equal probability. Thus, successive divisions were restricted to orthogonal planes, but the choice of plane appeared to be random, unlike the ordered sequence of cleavage orientations seen during early embryo development.
Effect of Head Elevation on Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Post-Cerebral Operation Patients (2003)

This pre-experimental research measured patients' mean blood velocity (MV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of the middle cerebral arteries by using transcranial Doppler (TCD) to understand the immediate changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) when head elevation degree changed, and whether CBF will return to stability after 10 minutes of elevation. Ten patients who underwent cerebral surgery were selected from one medical centre by purposeful sampling within five months. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The study results showed that MV, PSV, and EDV had obviously changed when head elevation was 15 degrees, 30 degrees, or 45 degrees from the horizontal at 10 seconds, and then recovered gradually. This study examined four head elevation degrees that affected cerebral blood flow. The results are likely to help nurses in caring for these patients.
Induction of Tolerance to Cardiac Allografts Using Donor Splenocytes Engineered to Display on Their Surface an Exogenous Fas Ligand Protein (2008)

The critical role played by Fas ligand (FasL) in immune homeostasis renders this molecule an attractive target for immunomodulation to achieve tolerance to auto- and transplantation Ags. Immunomodulation with genetically modified cells expressing FasL was shown to induce tolerance to alloantigens. However, genetic modification of primary cells in a rapid, efficient, and clinically applicable manner proved challenging. Therefore, we tested the efficacy of donor splenocytes rapidly and efficiently engineered to display on their surface a chimeric form of FasL protein (SA-FasL) for tolerance induction to cardiac allografts. The i.p. injection of ACI rats with Wistar-Furth rat splenocytes displaying SA-FasL on their surface resulted in tolerance to donor, but not F344 third-party cardiac allografts. Tolerance was associated with apoptosis of donor reactive T effector cells and induction/expansion of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells. Treg cells played a critical role in the observed tolerance as adoptive transfer of sorted Treg cells from long-term graft recipients into naive unmanipulated ACI rats resulted in indefinite survival of secondary Wistar-Furth grafts. Immunomodulation with allogeneic cells rapidly and efficiently engineered to display on their surface SA-FasL protein provides an effective and clinically applicable means of cell-based therapy with potential application to regenerative medicine, transplantation, and autoimmunity.
Advances in Porous Biomaterials for Dental and Orthopaedic Applications (2010)

The connective hard tissues bone and teeth are highly porous on a micrometer scale, but show high values of compression strength at a relatively low weight. The fabrication of porous materials has been actively researched and different processes have been developed that vary in preparation complexity and also in the type of porous material that they produce. Methodologies are available for determination of pore properties. The purpose of the paper is to give an overview of these methods, the role of porosity in natural porous materials and the effect of pore properties on the living tissues. The minimum pore size required to allow the ingrowth of mineralized tissue seems to be in the order of 50 µm: larger pore sizes seem to improve speed and depth of penetration of mineralized tissues into the biomaterial, but on the other hand impair the mechanical properties. The optimal pore size is therefore dependent on the application and the used material.
Trees and Euclidean metrics (1998)

In order to study a finite metric space (X,d), one oflen aeeka first an approximation in the form of a metric that is induced from a norm. The quality of such an approximation is quantified by the distortion of the corrcaponda'ng embedding, i.e., the Lipschitz constant of tlbe mapping.
Mechanochemical synthesis of nonstoichiometric fluorite Ca1−xLaxF2+x nanocrystals from CaF2 and LaF3 single crystals (2005)

The nonstoichiometric Ca1−x LaxF2+x phase (x ≥ 0.1) is obtained by mechanochemical synthesis from CaF2 and LaF3 single crystals. This phase is the first representative of fluorite fluorides obtained by mechanochemical synthesis in the MFm-RFn systems (m < n ≤ 4). The average grain size ranges within 10–30 nm. The temperature dependence of ionic conductivity of the mechanochemically synthesized phase pressurized at 600 MPa (at its high-temperature portion at temperatures exceeding 200–250°C) coincides with the conductivity of the single crystals of the same composition (Ca0.8La0.2F2.2). The activation energy of ionic conductivity (0.95 eV) corresponds to migration of interstitial fluoride ions in the crystal bulk. Mechanochemical synthesis of a multicomponent fluoride material with nanometer grains opens a new chapter in the chemistry of inorganic fluorides. A decrease of the sintering temperature of the powders with nanometer grains is very important for preparing dense fluoride ceramics of complicated compositions and other polycrystalline forms of fluoride materials.
Low-Noise Beams from Tunnel Cathodes (1962)

The tunnel cathode consists of a metal-insulator-metal sandwich in which the electrons tunnel through the insulator material. This paper presents an analysis of the noise associated with the space-charge waves of a beam emitted from such a cathode. The beam noise temperature for a refrigerated tunnel cathode is shown to be 2730 δ, where δ is the value in volts of a built-in energy window for the emitted electrons. The value of δ is adjustable by means of a dc potential. Assuming a beam noise temperature of 30°K, the current density is calculated for a variety of cathode parameters. A discussion is presented of the significance of the parameters and of the difficulties which would be encountered in constructing such cathodes for low noise.
When does a robot perceive a dynamic object? (2002)

Abstract Robots operating in a real‐time environment encounter both stationary and moving objects that need to be negotiated using different schemes in general. Motion planning in a dynamic environment entails tracking moving objects and predicting their future positions. However, this requires as a first step the classification of the objects present in the environment as static or dynamic objects, a step that somehow seems to have been overlooked in the literature dealing with navigation in dynamic environments. Presented here are four schemes for perceiving the presence of dynamic objects in the robot's neighborhood. The first approach incorporates a network architecture that classifies the robot's experience of the environment in terms of spatio‐temporal sensor patterns as an experience of a static or dynamic object. The second method detects motion by observing changes in the map of the environment it builds and updates. The remaining two approaches use a strategy for representing the objects in the environment through clusters; inspecting the characteristics of the clusters reveals the dynamic objects. These methods are denoted as STA (spatio‐temporal approach), MBA (model‐based approach), and CBAI and CBAII (cluster‐based approach I and II), respectively. The methods have been tested in environments that contain multiple dynamic objects amidst static ones and their efficacy established. A brief comparison of these approaches in terms of criteria critical for real‐time collision avoidance has also been presented. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Improved Mineral Balance and Skeletal Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women Treated with Potassium Bicarbonate (1994)

In postmenopausal women, the oral administration of potassium bicarbonate at a dose sufficient to neutralize endogenous acid improves calcium and phosphorus balance, reduces bone resorption, and increases the rate of bone formation.
Reservoir Condition Measurements of Compositional Effects on Gas-Oil Interfacial Tension and Miscibility (2008)

Abstract Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is an important design parameter for enhanced oil recovery processes involving gas injection (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or hydrocarbons). Hence an experimental approach called "vanishing interfacial tension (VIT)" has been developed, to determine gas-oil miscibility, based on the fundamental definition of zero gas-oil interfacial tension (IFT) at miscibility. In this study, gas-oil interfacial tensions were measured between CO2 and a live crude oil from a depleted Louisiana oil field at varying pressures and at reservoir temperature (238°F) using the pendant drop and capillary rise techniques to determine the MMP. The gas-oil ratios have also been varied (both on molar and volumetric basis) widely in the high-pressure and high-temperature optical cell to examine the compositional path effects on IFT and miscibility. Detailed compositional measurements of both vapor and liquid phases were carried out using a gas chromatograph, and densities of both phases were measured using a digital densitometer. The experimental results indicated that the gas-oil interfacial tensions measured at various gas-oil ratios at reservoir temperature, although displaying different relationships with pressure, converged to almost the same end-point pressure at zero-IFT. In spite of the large variations in the initial mixture compositions, only negligible changes in VIT miscibility pressures, from 6142 to 6216 psig (1.2% maximum difference), were observed thereby establishing the compositional path independence of the VIT technique. The compositional analyses of gas and oil phases at different gas-oil ratios showed that the gas phase is predominantly CO2, while the CO2 in the liquid phase continuously increased with pressure, which indicates condensing drive characteristics of CO2 to be responsible for miscibility development in the selected reservoir case. The density-pressure plots showed the evidence of approach to critical mixture formation near VIT miscibility. This experimental study confirms the robustness of the VIT technique for accurate, quick, and cost-effective determination of gas-oil miscibility conditions.
A Novel Point Mutation in P450c17 (CYP17) Causing Combined 17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency (2006)

The description of a second missense mutation at codon 96 (R96W and R96Q) in the substrate-binding region of P450c17 provides strong evidence for the key role of this amino acid in 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase function. An association between a malignant germ cell tumor and 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency has not been reported previously, although the presence of gonadoblastoma in the ovary of a patient with this condition has recently been described.
311. The constituents of guaiacum resin. Part II. Synthesis of dl-guaiaretic acid dimethyl ether (1934)

R. D. Haworth, C. R. Mavin and G. Sheldrick, J. Chem. Soc., 1934, 1423 DOI: 10.1039/JR9340001423
Biochemical aspects of lipid accumulation in silicon deficient cyclotella cryptica (1987)

The experiments described in this report were designed to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms responsible for lipid accumulation in silicon-deficient Cyclotella cryptica T13L cells. Studies using NaH{sup 14}CO{sub 3} as a tracer indicated that the fraction of newly assimilated carbon partitioned into lipids doubled after 4 h of Si deficiency, while the fraction partitioned into chrysolaminarin decreased by 51%. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that a slow redistribution of previously assimilated carbon into lipids also occurred. Several enzymes were assayed in cell-free extracts made from Si-replete and Si-deficient cells. Si deficiency did not affect the specific activity of UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase, the first enzyme of the chrysolaminarin synthesis pathway, but led to a 31% reduction in the activity of chrysolaminarin synthase (UDP glucose: {beta}-1, 3-glucan {beta}-3-glucosyl transferase). The activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (the first committed step in lipid biosynthesis) increased by 87% in response to Si deficiency, suggesting either covalent activation or increased levels of this enzyme. The activities of citrate synthase and acetyl-CoA synthetase were not affected by Si deficiency. These results suggest that lipid accumulation in Si deficient cells may be due in part to changes in the activities of chrysolaminarin synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
Optical neural network using vector-feature extraction (1993)

An optical neural network model and a key device for its optical implementation are proposed. The model, named the vector-feature-extracting optical neural network, can correctly recognize hand-written letters and can easily be implemented in optics. The key device, named a feature-extracting optical neuron device, can selectively extract specific line segments included in an optical input pattern. In this paper the structure and recognition process of the vector-feature-extracting optical neural network are shown in detail. The function of the feature-extracting optical neuron device is experimentally shown. In addition, the optical system based on the vector-feature-extracting optical neural network is described.
Uplink reference signals enabling user-transparent mobility in ultra dense networks (2016)

This paper proposes a novel user-transparent mobility concept based on the transmission of uplink reference signals (beacons) using Zadoff-Chu signature sequences. Unlike legacy mobility schemes, the proposed scheme overcomes the need for the user to perform time and energy consuming downlink measurements and reporting them back to the network. This is particularly relevant for ultra dense network (UDN) deployments and high user densities as forecasted in the near future. The system requirements to support uplink beacons are presented and a detailed design for the signature sequence is provided to support a variety of system configurations and deployment cases. Numerical results illustrate the suitability and sufficiency of beacon resources as well as the reliability of the proposed beacon design in order to support a truly user-transparent and border-less mobility concept.
Mammalian Per-Arnt-Sim Proteins in Environmental Adaptation (2010)

The Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain is conserved across the kingdoms of life and found in an ever-growing list of proteins. This domain can bind to and sense endogenous or xenobiotic small molecules such as molecular oxygen, cellular metabolites, or polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Members of this family are often found in pathways that regulate responses to environmental change; in mammals these include the hypoxia, circadian, and dioxin response pathways. These pathways function in development and throughout life to regulate cellular, organ, and whole-organism adaptive responses. Remarkably, in the case of the clock, this adaptation includes anticipation of environmental change. In this review, we summarize the roles of PAS domain-containing proteins in mammals. We provide structural evidence that functionally classifies both known and unknown biological roles. Finally, we discuss the role of PAS proteins in anticipation of and adaptation to environmental change.
Benzimidazoisoquinolines: A New Class of Rapidly Metabolized Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Ligands that Induce AhR-Dependent Tregs and Prevent Murine Graft-Versus-Host Disease (2014)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays multiple roles in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. The ability of certain AhR ligands to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) has generated interest in developing AhR ligands for therapeutic treatment of immune-mediated diseases. To this end, we designed a screen for novel Treg-inducing compounds based on our understanding of the mechanisms of Treg induction by the well-characterized immunosuppressive AhR ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). We screened a ChemBridge small molecule library and identified 10-chloro-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benzo[de]Iso-quinolin-7-one (10-Cl-BBQ) as a potent AhR ligand that was rapidly metabolized and not cytotoxic to proliferating T cells. Like TCDD,10-Cl-BBQ altered donor CD4(+) T cell differentiation during the early stages of a graft versus host (GVH) response resulting in expression of high levels of CD25, CTLA-4 and ICOS, as well as several genes associated with Treg function. The Treg phenotype required AhR expression in the donor CD4(+) T cells. Foxp3 was not expressed in the AhR-induced Tregs implicating AhR as an independent transcription factor for Treg induction. Structure-activity studies showed that unsubstituted BBQ as well as 4, 11-dichloro-BBQ were capable of inducing AhR-Tregs. Other substitutions reduced activation of AhR. Daily treatment with 10-Cl-BBQ during the GVH response prevented development of GVH disease in an AhR-dependent manner with no overt toxicity. Together, our data provide strong support for development of select BBQs that activate the AhR to induce Tregs for treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
Applicability and safety of autologous fat for reconstruction of the breast (2012)

There is broad clinical applicability of autologous fat grafting for breast reconstruction. Complications were few and there was no evidence of interference with follow-up after treatment for breast cancer. Oncological safety remains unclear.
Densified SiOF Film Formation for Preventing Water Absorption (1996)

We confirmed that the density of a SiOF film was decreased by the addition of C 2 F 6 as a fluorine source. Such a decrease in the density had the most significant effect on the water absorptivity. Densities of the films were controlled by increasing O 2 gas mixture ratios. From the TDS measurements of water desorption and the change in dielectric constants which occurred when the film was exposed to atmosphere, we confirmed that the densified films had lower water absorptivity.