gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nano-self-assembly in Mn-based spinels through solid state process (2008)

Transition-metal oxides characterized with anisotropic d-orbital electrons are subject to intense discussion in strongly correlated electron systems, ranging from colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) to high temperature superconductivity (HTSC). The orbital degree of freedom often underpins complex physical properties and a variety of extraordinary phenomena while coupling with charge, spin and lattice. In this thesis, we demonstrate a fascinating example of orbital-related physical properties in Mn-based spinels. The strong octahedral preference of Jahn-Teller ions Mn3+ results in simultaneous chemical and structural phase separation into Mn-poor (cubic) and Mn-rich (tetragonal) regions, forming two types of rectangular nanorods with cross section checkerboard-like (CB). Because of the pioneering discovery of checkerboards in the nonmagnetic ZnMnxGa1-xO4, we chose to study two magnetic spinel systems: (1) Mg(MnxFe1-x)O4, where unfortunately only poorly-ordered magnetic nano CBs were observed; and (2) Mn-doped CoFe2O4, the nano CBs with distinct magnetic properties and tunable sizes achieved here are highly ordered, exhibiting a nearly ideal architecture for the patterned perpendicular recording medium. The evolution of such compositional separation and topological nanoscale ordering is reasonably understood based on a three dimensional (3D) phase-field microelasticity (PFM) model.
Mutation analysis of a putative sialyltransferase gene, the <i>SFRS2</i> splicing factor gene and the <i>c‐myb</i> ET‐locus in two families with hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA) (1998)

HNA is an autosomal dominant recurrent focal neuropathy involving the brachial plexus. The etiology of HNA is unknown but the genetic defect most likely affects a non-neuronal tissue. We previously described linkage to chromosome 17q24-q25 in two HNA-families. Here we report the mutation analysis of two candidate genes: a cDNA encoding a putative sialyltransferase and the SFRS2 splicing factor including the c-myb ET-locus which is encoded on the opposite strand of the SFRS2 gene. The complete protein coding regions of both genes were studied by direct DNA sequencing. We did not find a disease associated mutation indicating that these genes are most likely not involved in the pathogenesis of HNA. However, we identified and characterized a rare AvaII polymorphism in the SFRS2 gene and detected a sequencing error, leading to an amino acid change (Val11Leu) in the published sequence of the putative sialyltransferase.
Growing trend of CE at the omics level: The frontier of systems biology – An update (2011)

Omics is the study of proteins, peptides, genes, and metabolites in living organisms. Systems biology aims to understand the system through the study of the relationship between elements such as genes and proteins in biological system. Recently, systems biology emerged as the result of the advanced development of high-throughput analysis technologies such as DNA sequencers, DNA arrays, and mass spectrometry for omics studies. Among a number of analytical tools and technologies, CE and CE coupled to MS are promising and relatively rapidly developing tools with the potential to provide qualitative and quantitative analyses of biological molecules. With an emphasis on CE for systems biology, this review summarizes the method developments and applications of CE for the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies focusing on the drug discovery and disease diagnosis and therapies since 2009.
Deep Learning Based Antenna Selection for MIMO SDR System (2020)

In this paper, we propose and implement a novel framework of deep learning based antenna selection (DLBAS)-aided multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) software defined radio (SDR) system. The system is constructed with the following three steps: (1) a MIMO SDR communication platform is first constructed, which is capable of achieving uplink communication from users to the base station via time division duplex (TDD); (2) we use the deep neural network (DNN) from our previous work to construct a deep learning decision server to assist the MIMO SDR platform for making intelligent decision for antenna selection, which transforms the optimization-driven decision making method into a data-driven decision making method; and (3) we set up the deep learning decision server as a multithreading server to improve the resource utilization ratio. To evaluate the performance of the DLBAS-aided MIMO SDR system, a norm-based antenna selection (NBAS) scheme is selected for comparison. The results show that the proposed DLBAS scheme performed equally to the NBAS scheme in real-time and out-performed the MIMO system without AS with up to 53% improvement on average channel capacity gain.
Leukocyte Infiltration in Allergic Airway Inflammation (1995)

The pathologic manifestation of an allergic airway response is a culmination of several coordinated events involving the participation of multiple mechanisms and cell types. The early release of mast cell-derived arachidonic acid metabolites, production of early-response cytokines, and increased expression of adhesion molecules and production of chemokines all lead to the recruitment of multiple cell types with the ability to participate in the allergic airway response. The coordinated use of animal models related to clinical observations will allow further elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the initiation, maintenance, and regulation of allergic airway inflammation leading to airway damage.
Root‐knot nematodes induce pattern‐triggered immunity in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> roots (2016)

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) are plant parasites with a broad host range causing great losses worldwide. To parasitize their hosts, RKNs establish feeding sites in roots known as giant cells. The majority of work studying plant-RKN interactions in susceptible hosts addresses establishment of the giant cells and there is limited information on the early defense responses. Here we characterized early defense or pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) against RKNs in Arabidopsis thaliana. To address PTI, we evaluated known canonical PTI signaling mutants with RKNs and investigated the expression of PTI marker genes after RKN infection using both quantitative PCR and β-glucuronidase reporter transgenic lines. We showed that PTI-compromised plants have enhanced susceptibility to RKNs, including the bak1-5 mutant. BAK1 is a common partner of distinct receptors of microbe- and damage-associated molecular patterns. Furthermore, our data indicated that nematode recognition leading to PTI responses involves camalexin and glucosinolate biosynthesis. While the RKN-induced glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway was BAK1-dependent, the camalexin biosynthetic pathway was only partially dependent on BAK1. Combined, our results indicate the presence of BAK1-dependent and -independent PTI against RKNs in A. thaliana, suggesting the existence of diverse nematode recognition mechanisms.
40 GHz, low half-wave voltage Ti:LiNbO <sub>3</sub> intensity modulator (1992)

A 5 V half-wave voltage (Vπ electro-optic Ti:LiNbO3 intensity modulator with a −7.5 dB (electrical) optical response at 40GHz is demonstrated at 1.3 μm. A thick electrode structure is used in conjunction with a thin substrate to achieve a near optical-microwave phase match and a broadband electrical response.
[New antifungal agents in the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses]. (1993)

New antifungals for topical and systemic treatment of superficial mycotic infections of the skin and nails have been developed in the last decade. Terconazole is a potent drug in treating topically vaginal candidiasis. Amorolfine belongs to the chemical class of morpholine derivatives and is topically active against a wide range of fungal infections. Also naftifine and terbinafine, two new allylamines, can be used in local therapy of superficial mycotic infections of the skin. Itraconazole and fluconazole are both new triazoles for systemic use. Itraconazole has a broader spectrum and a higher safety profile than ketoconazole, caused by a greater specificity for the fungal cytochrome P 450 14-alpha-demethylase. The pharmacokinetic properties result in shorter treatments, even in onychomycosis. The mode of action of fluconazole is the same as for the azoles. This drug was being studied particularly in systemic mycoses and mucosal candidiasis. The activity of orally terbinafine is directed mainly against dermatophytes. This drug offers new therapeutic possibilities in the treatment of onychomycosis, caused by dermatophytes.
Performance Comparison of Pulse Pair and 2-Step Prediction Approach to the Doppler Estimation (2006)

This work concerns the use of terrestrial pulsed Doppler weather radar echo to estimate windshear hazards disastrous for airplane approach and landing. Two different methods are used to estimate the received Doppler spectrum moments. The second central moment which is the variance of the wind velocity is called width or windshear. One method is in the time domain, while the other is in the frequency domain. These simulations which lead to comparison of the results assumes that the signal portions of the spectrum are approached with Gaussian shape
A survey of study of FlexRay systems for automotive net (2011)

FlexRay, as the next generation bus for automotive industry, have the prominent features including high data rates, time/event-triggered behavior, redundancy, fault-tolerance and deterministic. It has application for safety critic domain. According to the design and analysis processes of V model, a survey of the work on scheduling analysis of FlexRay bus was given. Secondly, an error in any of these systems results, not only malfunctions, but also loss of human lives. Verification and validation methods that provide a formal proof on an abstract mathematical mode of the system reported in this paper. Finally, the software tools and hardware microcontrollers that can support the FlexRay protocol and integrate FlexRay controller with MCU were introduced.
Rapid Molecular Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis by PCR-Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay (2015)

Several existing molecular tests for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are limited by complexity and cost, hindering their widespread application. The objective of this proof of concept study was to develop a simple Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow (NALF) immunoassay as a potential diagnostic alternative, to complement conventional PCR, for the rapid molecular detection of MDR-TB. The NALF device was designed using antibodies for the indirect detection of labeled PCR amplification products. Multiplex PCR was optimized to permit the simultaneous detection of the drug resistant determining mutations in the 81-bp hot spot region of the rpoB gene (rifampicin resistance), while semi-nested PCR was optimized for the S315T mutation detection in the katG gene (isoniazid resistance). The amplification process additionally targeted a conserved region of the genes as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) DNA control. The optimized conditions were validated with the H37Rv wild-type (WT) Mtb isolate and Mtb isolates with known mutations (MT) within the rpoB and katG genes. Results indicate the correct identification of WT (drug susceptible) and MT (drug resistant) Mtb isolates, with the least limit of detection (LOD) being 104 genomic copies per PCR reaction. NALF is a simple, rapid and low-cost device suitable for low resource settings where conventional PCR is already employed on a regular basis. Moreover, the use of antibody-based NALF to target primer-labels, without the requirement for DNA hybridization, renders the device generic, which could easily be adapted for the molecular diagnosis of other infectious and non-infectious diseases requiring nucleic acid detection.
Cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding a precursor for rat C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP) (1990)

Recent identification of a C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in porcine brain strongly suggested that a third member of the natriuretic peptide family still remains to be identified in other species of mammals. A cDNA encoding a precursor for rat CNP was cloned from a rat brain cDNA library and sequenced. The precursor was a 126-residue peptide, carrying a 23-residue signal sequence at the N-terminus and the known porcine CNP-53 sequence at the C-terminus. By RNA blot analysis, rat CNP mRNA was found to be expressed exclusively in the brain, implying that CNP may function in the central nervous system as a neuropeptide.
Pd nanoparticles immobilized on sepiolite by ionic liquids: efficient catalysts for hydrogenation of alkenes and Heck reactions (2008)

Palladium-sepiolite catalysts were prepared by immobilizing Pd2+ on sepiolite using an ionic liquid containing a guanidine cation, followed by reduction with hydrogen at 150 °C. The resulting composites were characterized by different techniques. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the loaded Pd existed mainly in the form of Pd0, with a small amount of its oxides, and distributed uniformly on sepiolite with particle size about 5 nm, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy examination. X-Ray diffraction analysis indicated that the sepiolite retained its original structure after deposition of Pd nanoparticles. The activities of the Pd-sepiolite catalysts for hydrogenations of some alkenes (e.g., cyclohexene and 1,3-cyclohexdiene) and Heck reactions were investigated. It was demonstrated that the as-prepared catalysts exhibited very high efficiency for these reactions.
Biochemical and Genetic Analyses of Yeast and Human High Affinity Copper Transporters Suggest a Conserved Mechanism for Copper Uptake (2002)

The redox active metal copper is an essential cofactor in critical biological processes such as respiration, iron transport, oxidative stress protection, hormone production, and pigmentation. A widely conserved family of high affinity copper transport proteins (Ctr proteins) mediates copper uptake at the plasma membrane. However, little is known about Ctr protein topology, structure, and the mechanisms by which this class of transporters mediates high affinity copper uptake. In this report, we elucidate the topological orientation of the yeast Ctr1 copper transport protein. We show that a series of clustered methionine residues in the hydrophilic extracellular domain and an MXXXM motif in the second transmembrane domain are important for copper uptake but not for protein sorting and delivery to the cell surface. The conversion of these methionine residues to cysteine, by site-directed mutagenesis, strongly suggests that they coordinate to copper during the process of metal transport. Genetic evidence supports an essential role for cooperativity between monomers for the formation of an active Ctr transport complex. Together, these results support a fundamentally conserved mechanism for high affinity copper uptake through the Ctr proteins in yeast and humans.
Chemical Warfare Agents Detoxification Properties of Zirconium Metal–Organic Frameworks by Synergistic Incorporation of Nucleophilic and Basic Sites (2017)

The development of protective self-detoxifying materials is an important societal challenge to counteract risk of attacks employing highly toxic chemical warfare agents (CWAs). In this work, we have developed bifunctional zirconium metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporating variable amounts of nucleophilic amino residues by means of formation of the mixed ligand [Zr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>(bdc)<sub>6(1-x)</sub>(bdc-NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6x</sub>] (UiO-66-xNH<sub>2</sub>) and [Zr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>(bpdc)<sub>6(1-x)</sub>(bpdc-(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6x</sub>] (UiO-67-x(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) systems where bdc = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate; bdc-NH<sub>2</sub>= benzene-2-amino-1,4-dicarboxylate; bpdc = 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylate; bpdc-(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> = 2,2'-diamino-4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylate and x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1. In a second step, the UiO-66-xNH<sub>2</sub> and UiO-67-x(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> systems have been postsynthetically modified by introduction of highly basic lithium tert-butoxide (LiO<sup>t</sup>Bu) on the oxohydroxometallic clusters of the mixed ligand MOFs to yield UiO-66-xNH<sub>2</sub>@LiO<sup>t</sup>Bu and UiO-67-x(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>@LiO<sup>t</sup>Bu materials. The results show that the combination of pre and postsynthetic modifications on these MOF series gives rise to fine-tuning of the catalytic activity toward the hydrolytic degradation of both simulants and real CWAs in unbuffered aqueous solutions. Indeed, UiO-66-0.25NH<sub>2</sub>@LiO<sup>t</sup>Bu is able to hydrolyze both CWAs simulants (diisopropylfluorophosphate (DIFP), 2-chloroethylethylsulfide (CEES), and real CWAs (soman (GD), sulfur mustard (HD)) quickly in aqueous solution. These results are related to a suitable combination of robustness, nucleophilicity, basicity, and accessibility to the porous framework.
Studies of DNA‐protein interactions by gel electrophoresis (1989)

The use of gel electrophoresis in studies of nucleic acid-protein (especially DNA-protein) interactions has yielded much qualitative and quantitative information about a variety of such systems. The reduction in mobility of complexes relative to free DNA allows isolation and characterization of the complexes as well as determination of thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the interactions. This article begins with a review of recent applications of the "gel retardation" assay, by way of introduction to experiments in two areas. In the first, a hypothesis is tested regarding whether a DNA molecule with sizable proteins bound very near to each end migrates through a polyacrylamide gel differently than does the corresponding complex having the proteins in the middle of the DNA fragment. The data show little mobility differences for these types of complexes, implying that both may move in a linear, "snakelike", manner through the gel. The experiments also provide results pertaining to questions of DNA bending caused by the binding of the E. coli catabolite activator protein (CAP) and RNA polymerase to the lactose promoter region. It appears that DNA bending by CAP at its wild type lac binding site is retained in complexes where RNA polymerase is bound simultaneously at the lac UV5 promoter.
Workload Classification & Software Energy Measurement for Efficient Scheduling on Private Cloud Platforms (2011)

At present there are a number of barriers to creating an energy efficient workload scheduler for a Private Cloud based data center. Firstly, the relationship between different workloads and power consumption must be investigated. Secondly, current hardware-based solutions to providing energy usage statistics are unsuitable in warehouse scale data centers where low cost and scalability are desirable properties. In this paper we discuss the effect of different workloads on server power consumption in a Private Cloud platform. We display a noticeable difference in energy consumption when servers are given tasks that dominate various resources (CPU, Memory, Hard Disk and Network). We then use this insight to develop CloudMonitor, a software utility that is capable of >95% accurate power predictions from monitoring resource consumption of workloads, after a "training phase" in which a dynamic power model is developed.
Methodological principles for fractal analysis of trabecular bone (2000)

A standardized methodology for the fractal analysis of histological sections of trabecular bone has been established. A modified box counting method has been developed for use on a PC-based image analyser. The effect of image analyser settings, magnification, image orientation and threshold levels was determined. Also, the range of scale over which trabecular bone is effectively fractal was determined and a method formulated to calculate objectively more than one fractal dimension from the modified Richardson plot. The results show that magnification, image orientation and threshold settings have little effect on the estimate of fractal dimension. Trabecular bone has a lower limit below which it is not fractal (lambda < 25 microm) and the upper limit is 4250 microm. There are three distinct fractal dimensions for trabecular bone (sectional fractals), with magnitudes greater than 1.0 and less than 2.0. It has been shown that trabecular bone is effectively fractal over a defined range of scale. Also, within this range, there is more than one fractal dimension, describing spatial structural entities. Fractal analysis is a model-independent method for describing a complex multifaceted structure, which can be adapted for the study of other biological systems. This may be at the cell, tissue or organ level and complements conventional histomorphometric and stereological techniques.
Preliminary evidence for plasma adrenocorticotropin levels as biological correlates of premenstrual symptoms (1993)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a menstrual cycle-related disorder of mood and behavior with unknown etiology and lack of evidence of endocrine imbalances. The absence of menstrual cyclicity eliminates PMS symptoms, and cyclic gonadal changes appear necessary but not sufficient cause for behavioral symptoms in predisposed women. As there are many depressive symptoms in PMS, we focused on the neuroendocrine characteristics of depression, primarily hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hyperactivity, and investigated plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol levels in the menstrual cycle. Blood samples were drawn daily from ten patients with PMS and eight asymptomatic control subjects who also reported symptoms daily throughout one menstrual cycle. The ACTH levels were significantly lower in patients with PMS compared to control subjects in the luteal phase. Two PMS subgroups were identified by cluster analysis applied to symptom scores. Plasma ACTH levels of PMS Cluster 1 subjects were significantly lower compared to controls. The ACTH levels of PMS Cluster 2 subjects were nearly identical to controls. These preliminary results suggest distinct hormonal subgroups in the heterogeneous PMS population and support further study of ACTH as a biological correlate of PMS.
Video composition and retrieval (2002)

A significant increase in the amount of digital video has created a clear demand for specialized software that can manipulate video in an efficient and easy-to-use manner. This paper focuses on video composition-an area that is very important from the user's viewpoint but has not been addressed in any depth. Traditionally, video composition is performed for the purposes of video production and analysis of video data. However, there are no software tools that provide the end user facility to compose, manipulate and query videos on an ad hoc basis. We propose a new method for video composition and retrieval, which presents many opportunities for structuring video segments. This enables users to compose and manipulate video on the basis of the objects that appear in them. Each video object represents a VOP (video object plane) as provisioned in MPEG-4. Various video editing operations, such as scaling, rotation, spatial and temporal segmentation, motion extraction, and camera operation detection, can be performed on video objects. The composed video objects may participate as part of a visual query in the VideoRoadMap system.