gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deposition of tetrahedral hydrogenated amorphous carbon using a novel electron cyclotron wave resonance reactor (1998)

Highly tetrahedral hydrogenated amorphous carbon (ta-C:H) is deposited with a novel, 13.6 MHz excited electron cyclotron wave resonance (ECWR) plasma source. The ion flux of an acetylene and a nitrogen plasma was investigated by mass spectrometry and retarding field measurements. The ECWR gives a dissociation degree between 15% and 80% depending on gas flow rate. Ion current densities up to 2 mA/cm2 can be achieved, corresponding to ta-C:H deposition rates of 2 nm/s. The fraction of sp3 bonded carbon atoms and mass density are strongly related to the amount of hydrogen in the ion flux. For low hydrogen ion fluxes (10%), a sp3 fraction of 70% and a mass density of 2.85 g/cm3 can be achieved. At higher hydrogen ion fluxes (40%), the sp3 fraction and the mass density fall to 55% and 2.55 gm/cm3, respectively.
Functional Micropore Chemistry of Crystalline Metal Complex-Assembled Compounds (1998)

Abstract Syntheses of new porous frameworks with specific pore size and type are of considerable interest for the appearance of zeolite-like functionalities. It is useful to take advantage of metal complex-assembled compounds because of designable frameworks, high microporosity, and flexible frameworks based on a variety of coordination geometries of metal centers and multifunctionality of bridging organic parts. Many recent reports show that the synthesis procedures are developing from serendipitious to rational level. Therefore, the micropore chemistry of metal complex-based assemblages is directed toward not only new frameworks but also functionalities such as gas and small molecule adsorption, ion exchange, heterogeneous catalysis, photo-chemical and -physical properties. For chemical and physical functionalities robustness of a framework is required even in the absence of guest molecules in the cavity. The stability is largely dependent on the structural dimensionality of the assemblages. A wide variety of structures of metal complex-based assemblages are listed and recent findings in this functional chemistry are described.
Closed-loop amplitude modulation control of reacting premixed turbulent jet (1991)

A closed-loop control system was constructed to control the initiation of reaction in a turbulent fuel/air jet at the lean flammability limit. Control authority was obtained by forcing the initial shear layer of the fuel/air mixture, thus generating small-scale vortices which improved the flame stability. The optimal forcing frequency was determined in open-loop control tests, which defined the effective range and related it to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of the shear layer. An amplitude modulation (AM) controller was developed using the open-loop frequency as a carrier signal. Bode and Nyquist analyses showed that the reaction is stable only in a limited range due to time lag related to the convection time of the vortices. In spite of the high noise level of this turbulent combustion system, it was possible to use linear control theory to analyze the time-averaged transfer functions. The application of lead and lag compensations was studied to extend the stability margins. The control system response to changes in operating conditions such as set-point and flow rates were compared to the openloop control operation and found to be superior.
Transesterification of Jatropha Oil to Biodiesel by Using Catalyst Containing Ca(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> as a Solid Base Catalyst (2013)

An direct precipitation method of Calcium glyceroxide Ca(C 3 H 7 O 3 ) 2 was proposed. The prepared Ca(C 3 H 7 O 3 )2 was effective in transesterification of Jatropha oil into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The Ca(C 3 H 7 O 3 ) 2 catalysts were characterized by using XRD, solid state 13 C-NMR, FTIR, and Hammett indicator. The influence of various reaction variables on the conversion was investigated. Under a condition of methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1, a catalyst amount of 4 wt %, reaction time of 1.5 h, and reaction temperature of 65 °C, over 95% of biodiesel yield was obtained.
Integrin-α3 Is a Functional Marker of Ex Vivo Expanded Human Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2019)

Transplantation of expanded hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and gene therapy based on HSC engineering have emerged as promising approaches for the treatment of hematological diseases. Nevertheless, the immunophenotype of cultured HSCs remains poorly defined. Here, we identify Integrin-α3 (ITGA3) as a marker of cultured human HSCs. Exploiting the pyrimidoindole derivative UM171 to expand cord blood (CB) cells, we show that ITGA3 expression is sufficient to separate the primitive EPCR<sup>+</sup>CD90<sup>+</sup>CD133<sup>+</sup>CD34<sup>+</sup>CD45RA<sup>-</sup> HSC population into two functionally distinct fractions presenting mostly short-term (ITGA3<sup>-</sup>) and both short-term and long-term (ITGA3<sup>+</sup>) repopulating potential. ITGA3<sup>+</sup> cells exhibit robust multilineage differentiation potential, serial reconstitution ability in immunocompromised mice, and an HSC-specific transcriptomic signature. Moreover, ITGA3 expression is functionally required for the long-term engraftment of CB cells. Altogether, our results indicate that ITGA3 is a reliable marker of cultured human long-term repopulating HSCs (LT-HSCs) and represents an important tool to improve the accuracy of prospective HSC identification in culture.
Ilisimatusarfik (Inuit Institute) (1986)

154 Ilisimatusarfik (Inuit Institute) By professor Robert Petersen Ilisimatusarfik is a new research and educational institution in Nuuk, Greenland. It was established in accordance with a law passed by the Greenlandic Parliament in 1981, and it was started in 1983. Full activity with instruction first began in February, 1984. Plans for Ilisimatusarfik in fact began already in 1974, when The Greenlandic Provincial Council proposed the establishment of Inuit Institute, which would carry out research and education at the university level in Greenland itself. The real reason for this decision was probably the fact that the Ministry for Green- land, which
Electric vehicle traction motors without rare earth magnets (2015)

Since the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) became main-stream with the launch of the Toyota Prius in 1997, the use of rare earth magnets in vehicle traction motors has become common. In particular the rare earth based, hard magnetic material Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB) has offered significant performance benefits, not possible with other technologies, enabling the development of compact, torque- and power-dense electric traction motors. This trend has continued as mass market Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) such as the Nissan Leaf, have come to market. However in 2011–2012 the price of these materials rose significantly, owing to geopolitical concerns relating to security of supply. Whilst the price has recovered more recently closer to historical levels, concern still remains in the minds of governments and many manufacturers of hybrid and electric vehicles. Reports have also raised questions over the environmental sustainability of these materials and this has further encouraged users to consider alternatives. This paper therefore examines why these magnetic materials have been so successful in traction motor applications. It also explores the alternatives, including those which are ready for market and those which are in the process of being developed.
An adaptive 4-tap analog FIR equalizer for 10-Gb/s over backplane serial link receiver (2008)

An adaptive 4-tap transverse-form differential analog finite impulse response (AFIR) filter in 65-nm CMOS is described in this paper. The filter is used for receiver-side equalization of severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) encountered in 10-Gb/s serial-link over legacy backplanes in 10GBASE-KR mode of the IEEE802.3ap standard [1] and over passive direct-attach SFP+ cables [2]. The AFIR is accompanied by an integrated in-die digital adaptation engine, employing the zero-forcing (ZF) equalization with the sign-sign block least mean square (LMS) adaptation algorithm. The AFIR uses an LC delay line structure which was optimized for low area and enhanced frequency behavior. The design has been fabricated as part of the receiver in a fully functional 10GBASE-KR compliant chip, achieving bit-error rate lower than 10-12 over several different backplane channels. It consumes 7.9 mW from a 1.2-V supply and occupies an area of 0.26 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Practical efficiency limits in organic photovoltaic cells: Functional dependence of fill factor and external quantum efficiency (2009)

We evaluate practical power conversion efficiency limits (ηlim) in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic (BHJ OPV) cells and how the field dependence of exciton dissociation affects cell efficiencies. We treat the fill factor limit as a function of the donor-acceptor lowest unoccupied molecular orbital offset energy (ELLO), calculating how this limit varies with decreasing ELLO. We also evaluate OPV external quantum efficiency as a function of wavelength from the optical transmittance and internal quantum efficiency limitations. For a given ELLO, we numerically optimize donor bandgap and ηlim and show that ηlim&gt;10% should be possible for hypothetical OPV systems generating free charge carriers efficiently at ELLO∼0.3–0.4 eV. Current BHJ OPVs with low ELLO values appear to be limited to cell efficiencies of ∼5% largely as a consequence of incomplete exciton dissociation.
Applied study on water saving amount based on automation technology (2014)

The shortage of water sources and its pollution has become a major threat affecting people’s lives and production, while the gradually increasing industrial water consumption and unreasonable irrigation is worsening the situation of China’s water resources. Under such circumstance, how to design a self-controllable automatic watersaving system and improve water efficiency is an important issue that needed to be addressed urgently. In this article, the basis technology and processes of the water-saving system is presented. Meanwhile, the advanced control technology is adopted to design the PLC control based water-saving control system specific to the problems existed in china’s industrial water consumption and farmland irrigation, so as to realize automatic control of available water resources. The technology can be used in sewage treatment to strengthen system stability, improve water efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
2–2 piezoelectric composites with high density and fine scale fabricated by interdigital pair bonding (1999)

Interdigital pair bonding (IPB) is proposed as a means to fabricate piezoelectric composites used for ultrasonic transducers and arrays for medical imaging and nondestructive evaluation, especially in the high frequency range. This letter presents experimental results of prototype 2–2 piezoelectric composites made by IPB. Two composites with different lateral dimensions were fabricated using 70 and 40 μm thickness dicing saw blades. The widths of ceramic stripe and epoxy kerf for composite A are 53 and 12 μm, respectively, and are 36 and 4 μm for composite B. The thickness mode and lateral modes for both composites were investigated by impedance spectrum analysis. The kt for both samples is 0.64. The current designs permit the fabrication of composites for transducers operated up to approximately 50 MHz using conventional dicing saw blades. The extension of IPB to fabrication of 1–3 composite is discussed.
Blockchain-Based Mobility-as-a-Service (2019)

In this paper, we present a vision for a blockchain-based Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) as an application of edge computing. In current MaaS systems, a central MaaS operator plays a crucial role serving an intermediate layer which manages and controls the connections between transportation providers and passengers with several other features. Since the willingness of public and private transportation providers to connect to this layer is essential in the current realization of MaaS, in our vision, to eliminate this layer, a novel blockchain-based MaaS is proposed. The solution also improves trust and transparency for all stakeholders as well as eliminates the need to make commercial agreements with separate MaaS agents. From a technical perspective, the power of computing and resources are distributed to different transportation providers at the edge of the network providing trust in a decentralised way. The blockchain-based MaaS has the potential to emerge as the main component for a smart city transportation offering efficiency and reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
Induced Microseismicity and Procedure for Closure of Brine Production Caverns (1997)

Elf-Atochem has been solution mining a salt formation in southern France for the last twenty years and the problem arises of the disposition of deep caverns once brine production ceases. The regulatory authorities have required procedures for sealing off the caverns to make them environmentally safe and to monitor the post sealing behaviour of the caverns. This paper describes the deep downhole seismic monitoring carried out during the experimental studies conducted to determine the appropriate means of monitoring and to validate closure safety criteria. The results confirm the accuracy of downhole permanent seismo-acoustic technology to monitor the sealing processing, even in strong conditions (2000 meter depth and 100°c). The microseismicity has been characterised and located using triaxial hodogram analysis, however the microseismicity shows many clusters of seismic “doublet” events allowing the use of relative analysis. The system has been installed before sealing and displays a high sensitivity. Under these conditions, the microseismicity has yielded useful data on the geomechanical behaviour of the site with respect to the final objectives. The seismicity is associated with the brine flow. The seismicity induced by the salt leaching process is a means to emphasize weak zones (fractures) that could again become active after closure. A closure test reveals that a direct relationship exists between the seismicity and the bleeding off brine from the caverns. Microseismic monitoring results combined with field observations advance the development of the closure procedure.
Covalent Modification of the Werner's Syndrome Gene Product with the Ubiquitin-related Protein, SUMO-1 (2000)

Werner's syndrome is a potential model of accelerated human aging. The gene responsible for Werner's syndrome encodes a protein that has a helicase domain homologous to Escherichia coli RecQ. To identify binding partners that regulate the function in concert with Wrn, we screened for proteins using the yeast two-hybrid system with mouse Wrn as bait and found three. One was a novel protein, and the other two were mouse Ubc9 and SUMO-1. Ubc9 also interacted with the mouse homologue of the Bloom's syndrome gene product, another eukaryotic RecQ-type helicase, but not mouse DNA helicase Q1/RecQL (RecQL1). Deletion experiments indicated that both proteins interacted with the N-terminal segment of Wrn (amino acid 272-514). The interaction between Wrn and SUMO-1 was weaker than that between Wrn and Ubc9. Positive interaction was observed in the heterogeneous combination of Wrn and yeast Ubc9 (yUbc9), as well as yUbc9 and SUMO-1, in the two-hybrid system. The interaction between yUbc9 and SUMO-1 was abolished by deleting the C-terminal Gly residue of SUMO-1, which is reportedly required for the formation of Ubc9-SUMO-1 thioester linkage. The interaction of Wrn and SUMO-1 was also abolished by deleting the Gly residue, indicating that the interaction of Wrn and SUMO-1 is mediated by yUbc9 in the two-hybrid system. Finally, we confirmed by immunoblotting with an anti-SUMO-1 antibody that Wrn was covalently attached with SUMO-1.
844. The chemistry of the triterpenes and related compounds. Part XXI. Some aspects of the chemistry of the elemi acids (1953)

T. G. Halsall, G. D. Meakins and R. E. H. Swayne, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 4139 DOI: 10.1039/JR9530004139
Are We There Yet?....Developing In-situ Fabrication & Repair Technologies to Explore and Live on the Moon and Mars (2005)

NASA's human exploration initiative poses great opportunity and great risk for manned missions to the Moon and Mars. Engineers and Scientists at the Marshall Space Flight Center are evaluating current technologies for in situ exploration habitat and fabrication and repair applications. Several technologies to be addressed in this paper have technology readiness levels (TRLs) that are currently mature enough to pursue for exploration purposes. However, many technologies offer promising applications but these must be pulled along by the demands and applications of this great initiative. The In Situ Fabrication and Repair (ISFR) program will supply and push state of the art technologies for applications such as habitat structure development, in situ resource utilization for tool and part fabrication, and repair and replacement of common life support elements. This paper will look at the current and future habitat technology applications such as the implementation of in situ environmental elements such as caves, rilles and lavatubes, the development of lunar regolith concrete and structure design and development, thin film and inflatable technologies. We will address current rapid prototyping technologies, their ISFR applications and near term advancements. We will discuss the anticipated need to utilize in situ resources to produce replacement parts and fabricate repairs to vehicles, habitats, life support and quality of life elements. All ISFR technology developments will incorporate automated deployment and robotic construction and fabrication techniques. The current state of the art for these applications is fascinating, but the future is out of this world.
Attribute-Based Access to Scalable Media in Cloud-Assisted Content Sharing Networks (2013)

This paper presents a novel Multi-message Ciphertext Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (MCP-ABE) technique, and employs the MCP-ABE to design an access control scheme for sharing scalable media based on data consumers' attributes (e.g., age, nationality, or gender) rather than an explicit list of the consumers' names. The scheme is efficient and flexible because MCP-ABE allows a content provider to specify an access policy and encrypt multiple messages within one ciphertext such that only the users whose attributes satisfy the access policy can decrypt the ciphertext. Moreover, the paper shows how to support resource-limited mobile devices by offloading computational intensive operations to cloud servers while without compromising data privacy.
Thermooptically perturbed resonators (1974)

Heating of intracavity solid-state materials causes isotropic and anisotropic variations in the index of refraction which lead to optical phase and amplitude distortions of the oscillating mode. Two important perturbations are discussed: stress birefringence in optically pumped laser rods and spherical aberration due to heating of intracavity elements, such as a nonlinear crystal, by the laser beam. While these perturbations are well determined, their effect on optical resonators cannot be inferred from the single-pass data in any simple way.
Challenges in Microflow Measurements (2012)

The term “microflows” is often associated with microfluidics, which is a multidisciplinary field intersecting engineering, physics, chemistry, microtechnology, and biotechnology that has emerged in the beginning of the 1980s. Improvements in fabrication of microflow devices such as micropumps, microvalves, microheat exchangers, and other microcomponents and sensors have led to the rapid development of microfluidics in the last decade (Morini, 2011). For this reason, many studies have been conducted to verify if the laws governing transport phenomena within channels of macroscopic dimensions are applicable at the microscale. These studies clearly show the necessity of correcting the classical theory when applying it to flow in microchannels, but appropriate corrections of the classical theory require reliable measurement of microflows. On the other hand, microflows also originate from a diffusive transport of fluids, typically gases, through seemingly non-porous media, such as perm-selective membranes, packaging materials, and walls of nuclear and chemical vessels. Characterization of materials for gas separation membranes, packages in food industry, walls of chemical and nuclear reactors, which involve determination of diffusivity, permeability and solubility coefficients of different gases in these materials, relies on accurate measurement of microflows.
Studies in estolides. I. Kinetics of estolide formation and decomposition (1965)

Abstract A study has been made of the rate of formation of estolides from castor oil fatty acids and of their decomposition at different temps. Estolide formation appears to be optimum at the end of 5 hr at about 220C, beyond which estolides start decomposing, giving rise to DCO fatty acids. At about 300C, estolide decomposition is complete within an hour. During estolide formation there is a linear increase in optical rotation which again decreases linearly, although at a different rate, during estolide decomposition. At optimum estolide formation, the optical rotation is as high as 25.5.
Number theoretic techniques for computation of digital convolution (1984)

Each of the methods for computing digital convolution has its own advantages and disadvantages. Techniques are evolved by combining advantages of various methods, leading to reduction in computational effort, and relaxation of limitations in some cases. Although discussion is primarily based on convolution of real data, similar techniques could be employed for convolution of complex sequences.
A 5-Gbps Test System for Wafer-Level Packaged Devices (2009)

This paper describes an economical approach to high-speed testing of wafer-level packaged logic devices. The solution assumes that the devices have built-in self-test features, thereby reducing the complexity of external test instrumentation required. A stand-alone miniature tester is connected to the top of a wafer probe card, transmitting and receiving multiple high-speed (2-5 Gbps) signals. To keep costs low, the tester uses off-the-shelf components. However, its performance in some respects exceeds that of traditional automated test equipment (ATE). Measurements demonstrate the tester producing 5-Gbps signals with a plusmn 18-ps timing accuracy. The generated signals exhibit low jitter ( ~ 35 ps) and have a rise time of about 60 ps. Similar performance is also shown for signal capture.
The Group Context (1998)

1. Thinking in Context. 2. A Group and its Processes. 3. Questions and Concepts. 4. The Quest for Change. 5. Psychotherapy in Groups. 6. Counselling in Groups. 7. Education in Groups. 8. Larger Groups. 9. The Family Context: Understandings. 10. The Family Context: Interventions. 11. Comparisons and Contrasts. 12. The Individual in the Group Context: A Case. 13. Professional Choices. 14. In Conclusion. Index.
Diode-laser-based atomic absorption monitor using frequency-modulation spectroscopy for physical vapor deposition process control (1995)

We have developed an atomic monitoring system for physical vapor deposition process control based on a frequency-modulation (FM) spectroscopy scheme using a 670 nm external cavity diode laser. FM detection made it possible to measure absorption as low as 10−6. For electron-beam evaporated yttrium, deposition rate control with a relative accuracy better than 1% at a rate of 3.5 Å/s has been realized, corresponding to a deposition rate resolution of 0.03 Å/s. Variations in Doppler shifts due to the velocity distribution of the atomic vapor within the deposition chamber have been measured, demonstrating the possibility of velocity mapping of evaporated atoms in the deposition process.