gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RF and Microwave Wireless Systems (2000)

From the Publisher:
A comprehensive introduction to the hardware, parameters, and architectures of RF/microwave wireless systems.
As the basis for some of the hottest technologies of the new millennium, radio frequency (RF) and microwave wireless systems rapidly propel us toward a future in which the transmission of voice, video, and data communications will be possible anywhere in the world through the use of simple, handheld devices.
This book provides scientists and engineers with clear, thorough, up-to-date explanations of all aspects of RF and microwave wireless systems, including general hardware components, system parameters, and architectures. Renowned authority Kai Chang covers both communication and radar/sensor systems and extends the discussion to other intriguing topics, from global positioning systems (GPS) to smart highways and smart automobiles. With an emphasis on basic operating principles, Dr. Chang reviews waves and transmission lines, examines modulation and demodulation and multiple-access techniques, and helps bridge the gap between RF/microwave engineering and communication system design. Ample practical examples of components and system configurations and nearly 300 illustrations and photographs complete this timely and indispensable resource.
About the Author:
Kai Chang, PhD, is the E-Systems Endowed Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Texas A&M University. He has published over 350 papers and eight books and is the Editor of the Wiley Series in Microwave and Optical Engineering and the Editor of the journal Microwave and Optical Technology Letters. Dr. Chang is also a fellow of IEEE.
Post-transcriptional regulation of the steady-state levels of mitochondrial tRNAs in HeLa cells (1993)

In human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the tRNA genes are located in three different transcription units that are transcribed at three different rates. To analyze the regulation of tRNA formation by the three transcription units, we have examined the steady-state levels and metabolic properties of the tRNAs of HeLa cell mitochondria. DNA excess hybridization experiments utilizing separated strands of mtDNA and purified tRNA samples from exponential cells long term labeled with [32P]orthophosphate have revealed a steady-state level of 6 x 10(5) tRNA molecules/cell, with three-fourths being encoded in the H-strand and one-fourth in the L-strand. Hybridization of the tRNAs with a panel of M13 clones of human mtDNA containing, in most cases, single tRNA genes and a quantitation of two-dimensional electrophoretic fractionations of the tRNAs have shown that the steady-state levels of tRNA(Phe) and tRNA(Val) are two to three times higher than the average level of the other H-strand-encoded tRNAs and three to four times higher than the average level of the L-strand-encoded tRNAs. Similar experiments carried out with tRNAs isolated from cells labeled with very short pulses of [5-3H]uridine have indicated that the rates of formation of the individual tRNA species are proportional to their steady-state amounts. Therefore, the approximately 25-fold higher rate of transcription of the tRNA(Phe) and tRNA(Val) genes relative to the other H-strand tRNA genes and the 10-16-fold higher rate of transcription of the L-strand tRNA genes relative to the H-strand tRNA genes are not reflected in the steady-state levels or the rates of formation of the corresponding tRNAs. A comparison of the steady-state levels of the individual tRNAs with the corresponding codon usage for protein synthesis, as determined from the DNA sequence and the rates of synthesis of the various polypeptides, has not revealed any significant correlation between the two parameters.
SYNERGY: Rethinking Secure-Memory Design for Error-Correcting Memories (2018)

Building trusted data-centers requires resilient memories which are protected from both adversarial attacks and errors. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art memory security solutions incur considerable performance overheads due to accesses for security metadata like Message Authentication Codes (MACs). At the same time, commercial secure memory solutions tend to be designed oblivious to the presence of memory reliability mechanisms (such as ECC-DIMMs), that provide tolerance to memory errors. Fortunately, ECC-DIMMs possess an additional chip for providing error correction codes (ECC), that is accessed in parallel with data, which can be harnessed for security optimizations. If we can re-purpose the ECC-chip to store some metadata useful for security and reliability, it can prove beneficial to both. To this end, this paper proposes Synergy, a reliability-security co-design that improves performance of secure execution while providing strong reliability for systems with 9-chip ECC-DIMMs. Synergy uses the insight that MACs being capable of detecting data tampering are also useful for detecting memory errors. Therefore, MACs are best suited for being placed inside the ECC chip, to be accessed in parallel with each data access. By co-locating MAC and Data, Synergy is able to avoid a separate memory access for MAC and thereby reduce the overall memory traffic for secure memory systems. Furthermore, Synergy is able to tolerate 1 chip failure out of 9 chips by using a parity that is constructed over 9 chips (8 Data and 1 MAC), which is used for reconstructing the data of the failed chip. For memory intensive workloads, Synergy provides a speedup of 20% and reduces system Energy Delay Product by 31% compared to a secure memory baseline with ECC-DIMMs. At the same time, Synergy increases reliability by 185x compared to ECC-DIMMs that provide Single-Error Correction, Double-Error Detection (SECDED) capability. Synergy uses commercial ECC-DIMMs and does not incur any additional hardware overheads or reduction of security.
Learning optimal subsets with implicit user preferences (2009)

In this paper we study the problem of learning an optimal subset from a larger ground set of items, where the optimality criterion is defined by an unknown preference function. We model the problem as a discriminative structural learning problem and solve it using a Structural Support Vector Machine (SSVM) that optimizes a “set accuracy ” performance measure representing set similarities. Our approach departs from previous approaches since we do not explicitly learn a pre-defined preference function. Experimental results on both a synthetic block selection problem and a real-world face image subset selection problem show that our method significantly outperforms previous approaches. 1.
Long noncoding RNAs: pivotal regulators in acute myeloid leukemia (2015)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a class of pivotal regulators of gene expression. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs contribute to the initiation, maintenance, and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the lncRNAs that play critical roles in AML. We first briefly describe the characteristics of lncRNAs, and then focus on their regulatory roles in AML, including the modulation of differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We further emphasize the action of lncRNAs during leukemogenesis by describing how they interact with RNA, protein and chromatin DNA to exert their functions. We also highlight an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms by which lncRNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of AML. Finally, we discuss the prognostic value of lncRNAs in AML patients.
Deep Sequencing of Protease Inhibitor Resistant HIV Patient Isolates Reveals Patterns of Correlated Mutations in Gag and Protease (2015)

While the role of drug resistance mutations in HIV protease has been studied comprehensively, mutations in its substrate, Gag, have not been extensively cataloged. Using deep sequencing, we analyzed a unique collection of longitudinal viral samples from 93 patients who have been treated with therapies containing protease inhibitors (PIs). Due to the high sequence coverage within each sample, the frequencies of mutations at individual positions were calculated with high precision. We used this information to characterize the variability in the Gag polyprotein and its effects on PI-therapy outcomes. To examine covariation of mutations between two different sites using deep sequencing data, we developed an approach to estimate the tight bounds on the two-site bivariate probabilities in each viral sample, and the mutual information between pairs of positions based on all the bounds. Utilizing the new methodology we found that mutations in the matrix and p6 proteins contribute to continued therapy failure and have a major role in the network of strongly correlated mutations in the Gag polyprotein, as well as between Gag and protease. Although covariation is not direct evidence of structural propensities, we found the strongest correlations between residues on capsid and matrix of the same Gag protein were often due to structural proximity. This suggests that some of the strongest inter-protein Gag correlations are the result of structural proximity. Moreover, the strong covariation between residues in matrix and capsid at the N-terminus with p1 and p6 at the C-terminus is consistent with residue-residue contacts between these proteins at some point in the viral life cycle.
Lysine excretion by <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (1991)

Lysine excretion in Corynebacterium glutamicum was characterized as secondary transport process. It is modulated by three forces: the membrane potential, the chemical potential of lysine, and the proton gradient. The ATP content of the cells did not correlate with the export activity. Lysine is excreted in symport with presumably two OH- ions which is not distinguishable experimentally from an antiport mechanism against two protons. The substrate-loaded carrier is uncharged. When the external substrate concentration is low and no proton gradient present, reorientation of the positively charged, unloaded carrier is rate-limiting. Export then depends on the membrane potential. When the external substrate is high, translocation of the loaded, uncharged carrier is rate-limiting, and export is not modulated by the membrane potential. The lysine secretion system in C. glutamicum is shown to be well adapted to the requirements of metabolite export.
All-solid-state MoS<sub>2</sub>/Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Br/In–Li batteries as a novel type of Li/S battery (2015)

High-performance all-solid-state lithium/sulfur batteries stably running over 700 high-rate cycles are demonstrated by combining a MoS<sub>2</sub> precursor cathode with argyrodite-type solid electrolyte.
BlockPKI: An Automated, Resilient, and Transparent Public-Key Infrastructure (2018)

This paper describes BlockPKI, a blockchain-based public-key infrastructure that enables an automated, resilient, and transparent issuance of digital certificates. Our goal is to address several shortcomings of the current TLS infrastructure and its proposed extensions. In particular, we aim at reducing the power of individual certification authorities and make their actions publicly visible and accountable, without introducing yet another trusted third party. To demonstrate the benefits and practicality of our system, we present evaluation results and describe our prototype implementation.
Phosphor Thermometry at ORNL (2003)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S. W. Allison, M. R. Gates, D. L. Beshears, G. T. Gillies; Phosphor Thermometry at ORNL. AIP Conf. Proc. 29 September 2003; 684 (1): 1033–1038. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1627265 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Pyrimidine Nucleosides. IV. The Synthesis of 1-β-D-Lyxofuranosylthymine<sup>1</sup> (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrimidine Nucleosides. IV. The Synthesis of 1-β-D-Lyxofuranosylthymine1Jack J. Fox, John F. Codington, Naishun C. Yung, Louis Kaplan, and J. O. LampenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 19, 5155–5160Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01552a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01552a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Use of Runtime Reconfiguration on FPGA Circuits to Increase the Performance of the AES Algorithm Implementation (2007)

This article presents an architecture that encrypts data with the AES algorithm. This architecture can be implemented on the Xilinx Virtex II FPGA family, by applying pipelining and dynamic total reconfiguration (DTR). The originality of our implementation is that it computes sequentially in the FPGA the Key and Cipher part of the AES algorithm. This dynamic reconfiguration implementation allows a good optimization of logic resources with a high throughput. This architecture employs only 11619 slices allowing a considerable economy of the resources and reaching a maximum throughput of 44 Gbps.
Distribution and response evoked by microstimulation of thalamus nuclei in patients with dystonia and tremor. (1994)

The effect of 806 microstimulations were observed in 16 patients with movement disorders, dystonia (DA, n = 6) and tremor (TR, n = 10). Among the 347 sites in DA patients motor response was seen at 29 sites, the response with increased dystonia was seen at 28 sites. The effect could be seen at 14 sites (50%) in ventrointermedialis (Vim), five sites (18%) in ventrocaudalis (Vc) and five sites (18%) in white matter (Wm). As for the other four sites, one site was in ventraloralis anterior (Voa), two sites in ventraloralis posterior (Vop), and one site in dorsal thalamus (dth), but reduction of dystonia drive was only seen at one site in dth. On the other hand, among the 459 sites in TR patients, motor response leading to reduction of tremor drive was seen at 38 sites, of which 30 sites (79%) were noted in Vim nuclei, and five sites (13.2%) in vc nuclei; of the remaining sites, two were seen in Vop nuclei, one in dth, and no increasing tremor drive was observed in all area. In general, paresthesia was the most common response, which was found at 159 sites (45.8%) with DA and 216 sites (47.1%) with TR. Pain was only seen at one site in Wm of DA; warm/cold and vertigo could be seen in Vop, Vim, and vc nucleus respectively. No responses were shown at 156 sites (45%) in DA, and 201 sites (43.8%) in TR.
Influence of carbon on oxygen behavior in silicon (1981)

The influence of carbon on thermal donor generation and on oxygen precipitation is investigated for Czochralski silicon. The results confirm the fact that carbon inhibits thermal donor generation at 450°C and accelerates the rate of oxygen precipitation at higher temperature. New and very interesting results are found on the influence of carbon in the generation of thermal donors at 750°C. From the results it is deduced that the stable donor complexes generated at 750°C involve carbon and oxygen atoms. Nous avons étudié l'influence du carbone sur la génération de donneurs thermiques et sur la précipitation de l'oxygène dans le silicium Czochralski. Nos résultats confirment le fait que le carbone inhibe la génération de donneurs thermiques à 450°C et accélère la précipitation de l'oxygène à plus haute température. Des résultats nouveaux et intéressants ont été obtenus sur l'influence du carbone sur la génération des donneurs thermiques à 750°C. D'après ceux-ci, on peut penser que les complexes donneurs stables générés à 750°C contiennent à la fois des atomes de carbone et d'oxygène.
Production of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Inoculum in Aeroponic Culture (1988)

Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) and industrial sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) colonized by Glomus deserticola, G. etunicatum, and G. intraradices were grown in aeroponic cultures. After 12 to 14 weeks, all roots were colonized by the inoculated vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Abundant vesicles and arbuscules formed in the roots, and profuse sporulation was detected intra-and extraradically. Within each fungal species, industrial sweet potato contained significantly more roots and spores per plant than bahia grass did, although the percent root colonization was similar for both hosts. Mean percent root colonization and sporulation per centimeter of colonized root generally increased with time, although with some treatments colonization declined by week 14. Spore production ranged from 4 spores per cm of colonized root for G. etunicatum to 51 spores per cm for G. intraradices. Infectivity trials with root inocula resulted in a mean of 38, 45, and 28% of bahia grass roots colonized by G. deserticola, G. etunicatum, and G. intraradices, respectively. The germination rate of G. etunicatum spores produced in soil was significantly higher than that produced in aeroponic cultures (64% versus 46%) after a 2-week incubation at 28 degrees C. However, infectivity studies comparing G. etunicatum spores from soil and aeroponic culture indicated no biological differences between the spore sources. Aeroponically produced G. deserticola and G. etunicatum inocula retained their infectivity after cold storage (4 degrees C) in either sterile water or moist vermiculite for at least 4 and 9 months, respectively.
The Action of Elementary Fluorine upon Organic Compounds. XVII. The Direct Fluorination of Acetonitrile<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Action of Elementary Fluorine upon Organic Compounds. XVII. The Direct Fluorination of Acetonitrile1John A. Cuculo and Lucius A. BigelowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 3, 710–713Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01123a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01123a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Undergraduate Experiment in Laue X-Ray Diffraction (1937)

First Page
DNA precursor metabolism and genomic stability (2006)

Intracellular concentrations of the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are closely regulated, and imbalances in the four dNTP pools have genotoxic consequences. Replication errors leading to mutations can occur, for example, if one dNTP in excess drives formation of a non-Watson-Crick base pair or if it forces replicative DNA chain elongation past a mismatch before DNA polymerase can correct the error by 3' exonuclease proofreading. This review focuses on developments since 1994, when the field was last reviewed comprehensively. Emphasis is placed on the following topics: 1) novel aspects of dNTP pool regulation, 2) dNTP pool asymmetries as mutagenic determinants, 3) dNTP metabolism and hypermutagenesis of retroviral genomes, 4) dNTP metabolism and mutagenesis in the mitochondrial genome, 5) chemical modification of nucleotides as a premutagenic event, 6) relationships between dNTP metabolism, genome stability, aging, and cancer.
VFA Production in Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludges (2000)

Volatile fatty acids (VFA) are a principal carbon substrate used in biological nutrient removal processes, and an increase in their concentration can enhance process performance. In the autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) of primary sludge, a reduction in both aeration and retention time had been reported to enhance VFA production. However, smaller wastewater treatment plants, which are suitable for ATAD, often combine sludge in a single digestion process for convenience. Consequently, research was undertaken to determine if a mixture of primary and secondary sludge would increase VFA production, compared to primary sludge alone, in the first stage of ATAD. Secondary sludge was predicted to further enhance VFA production by providing the required substrate “prepackaged” in the correct ratios. The results illustrated that the incorporation of secondary sludge into the primary sludge feed resulted in increased production and accumulation of VFA. The greatest production and accumulation were produced with the digestion of 100% secondary sludge. In addition, analysis of nutrient species confirmed that the mixing of primary and secondary sludge, as well as the ATAD of mixed and secondary sludge, results in the release of stored phosphorus and an increase in ammonia nitrogen.