gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal and spatial control of transgene expression using a heat‐inducible promoter in transgenic wheat (2011)

Constitutive promoters are widely used to functionally characterise plant genes in transgenic plants, but their lack of specificity and poor control over protein expression can be a major disadvantage. On the other hand, promoters that provide precise regulation of temporal or spatial transgene expression facilitate such studies by targeting over-expression or knockdown of target genes to specific tissues and/or at particular developmental stages. Here, we used the uidA (beta-glucuronidase, GUS) reporter gene to demonstrate that the barley Hvhsp17 gene promoter can be induced by heat treatment of 38-40 °C for 1-2 h in transgenic wheat. The GUS enzyme was expressed only in those tissues directly exposed to heat and not in neighbouring leaf tissues. The induction of HSP::GUS was demonstrated in all organs and tissues tested, but expression in older tissues was lower. Generally, proximal root sections showed less GUS activity than in root tips. This heat-inducible promoter provides the ability to investigate the function of candidate genes by overexpression or by down-regulation of target gene expression (for example by RNAi) in selected tissues or developmental stages of a transgenic plant, limited only by the ability to apply a heat shock to the selected tissues. It also allows the investigation of genes that would be lethal or reduce fertility if expressed constitutively.
Calibration and Validation of a Mean Value Model for Turbocharged Diesel Engine (2013)

In order to meet the high requirements of the control strategies for an effective and accuracy control-oriented model, a mean value model for a turbocharged diesel engine has been developed on the Matlab/Simulink. And then the error sources leading to the simulation inaccuracy have been analyzed comprehensively and two sets of experiments for model calibration and validation have been designed. Then a model calibration process and a model validation process have been proposed, with which the developed model is well calibrated and validated against the two sets of experimental data. Especially, for the compressor model calibration, an improved Jensen and Kristense method has been introduced to interpolate and extend the compressor maps. And turbine efficiency observer is designed for the rectification of turbine maps. At last, the calibration and validation process and improved methods and observer for turbocharger are verified and evaluated.
New Fluxless Hermetic Sealing Technique Using Electroplated Sn-Rich Soft Solder (2007)

New fluxless hermetic sealing technique is reported using electroplated Sn-rich soft solder. Specific type of glass (SCG72) is chosen as a lid material to be sealed onto the alumina ceramic package to deal with thermal expansion mismatch. This glass has nominal coefficient of thermal expansion of 7ppm/degC, which is almost perfectly matching to that of alumina ceramic package. Thick Sn layer is plated over the Cr/Au patterned glass wafer, followed immediately by thin Au layer. This outer Au layer prevents the inner Sn from oxidation. In bonding, the glass lid is placed over the ceramic package having outer layers of Ni/Au. To achieve high quality hermetic sealing joint, a fluxless process is developed in vacuum environment (50 militorrs) to suppress tin oxidation. Comparing to bonding in air, the oxygen content is reduced by a factor of 15,200. Fluxless bonding is desired in many hermetic sealing applications such as MEMS, sensors, photonic devices, and imaging devices. Nearly void-free lid sealed joints are made with Sn-rich composition. Helium leakage tests are performed to evaluate the quality of the hermetic sealing. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis is done to evaluate the joint and microstructure. This new sealing process can be applied to nearly all devices that require hermetic sealing.
MyD88 protects from lethal encephalitis during infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (2007)

MyD88 is a key adaptor molecule in innate resistance, engaged in most Toll-like receptor, as well as IL-1 and IL-18, signalling. Here, we analyzed the role of MyD88 in innate resistance during infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) using myd88(-/-) mice. We found an increased susceptibility to VSV in myd88(-/-) mice, which was not explained by reduced type I IFN or neutralizing antibody responses. Susceptibility of myd88(-/-) mice correlated with impaired recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection. In the absence of MyD88 signalling, VSV rapidly spread to the spinal cord and brain causing lethal encephalitis.
Tryptophanase: Structure, Catalytic Activities, and Mechanism of Action (1975)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Properties of Purified Tryptophanase Catalytic Properties of Tryptophanase Mechanism of Action Concluding Remarks
Studies on the constituents of <i>bocconia cordata</i>. IV. Transformation of sanguinarine into bocconine (1991)

Abstract Nitration of ethoxysanguinarine with equimolar potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid, followed by treatment with sodium hydroxide and methanol, gives 10‐nitromethoxysanguinarine. Successive hydrogenation, diazotization and methanolysis convert 10‐nitromethoxysanguinarine into bocconine.
Numerical 3D-simulation of pulsatile wall shear stress in an arterial T-bifurcation model (1990)

Abstract The structure of pulsatile blood flow and wall shear stress in a 90° T-bifurcation model is analysed numerically. The nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations for time-dependent incompressible Newtonian fluid flow are approximated using a newly developed pressure correction, finite element method. The wall shear stress is calculated from the finite element velocity field. The investigation shows viscous flow phenomena such as flow separation and stagnation and the distribution of high and low wall shear stress during the pulse cycle. Furthermore, the effect of a sharp corner the bifurcation edge on the wall shear stress is analysed. Detailed local flow investigation is required to examine fluid dynamic contribution to the development of arterial diseases such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis.
Real-time simulator for power system dynamics studies (1995)

The addition of dynamic models of loads, machines and subtransmission networks to the existing three-phase real-time simulator of Hydro-Quebec (IREQ), has made available a tool appropriate for the study of power system dynamics in real time. The valid frequency range of the simulator, which already covered harmonics up to 2000 Hz, has been extended to include machine dynamics in the region of less than 1 Hz. The paper describes the models added and also presents some results of the integration of these dynamic models, showing how they compare favorably with equivalent results obtained using a transient stability simulation program.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4‐<i>d</i>]pyrimidine derivatives using ketene dithioacetals (1990)

Abstract The cyclization of 5‐amino‐3‐methylthiopyrazole‐4‐carbonitriles or 4‐carboxamides 3a‐j , which were prepared by the reaction of ketene dithioacetals 1a,b [1a : bis(methylthiomethylenemalononitrile; 1b : bis(methylthio)methylenecyanoacetamide] with hydrazines (hydrazine hydrate, phenylhydrazine, p ‐chlorophenylhydrazine, p ‐nitrophenylhydrazine), with formamide or carbon disulfide proceeded to give the corresponding 4‐amino‐ or 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylthiopyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyrimidines 6a‐h in good yields. 3‐Aminopyrazolo[3,4‐ d ]pyrimidine derivatives 6i‐1 were also obtained by the application of the cyclization reaction of 3,5‐diaminopyrazoles with formamide.
Synthesis of a Net-Worked Strontium-O-Phenylene-S-Tellurium Hybrid Co-polymer Having a Two-Step Electron Transfer Nature (2008)

A strontium-O-phenylene-S-tellurium hybrid co-polymer was prepared by initially reacting 4-hydroxythiophenol with tellurium ethoxide, followed by a subsequent reaction with strontium isopropoxide, and the electronic behavior of the co-polymer was examined. From the results of ESR spectral examinations and ab initio calculations regarding the co-polymer models, the co-polymer was deduced to have a function of two-step electron transfer from the phenylene group to the strontium atom via the tellurium atom.
The effects of increasing swelling and anionic charges on the enzymatic hydrolysis of organosolv‐pretreated softwoods at low enzyme loadings (2011)

Organosolv-pretreated Lodgepole pine substrates were physically and chemically treated to increase their hydrophilicity and swelling as these are two substrate attributes which have been shown to improve cellulolytic hydrolysis. Surprisingly, mechanical treatment of the organosolv-treated substrates by PFI-mill refining did not significantly increase hydrolysis yields despite decreases in particle size and crystallinity and increases in swelling. However, sulfonation of the substrate did, significantly, increase enzymatic hydrolysis at loadings of both 5 and 2.5 FPU g(-1) cellulose (from 80% to 95% and from 35% to 80%, respectively). In addition, sulfonation resulted in an increase in the amount of free enzymes detected during the course of hydrolysis to a maximum of 80% after 72 h. This suggested that the beneficial effects of sulfonation were primarily due to a decrease in the non-specific binding of the cellulases to the lignin.
Phenylphthalimides with Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Production-Enhancing Activity. (1996)

Phenylphthalimides (2-phenyl-1H-isoindole-1,3-diones) were prepared and their effects on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by human leukemia cell line HL-60 stimulated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were examined. An analysis of the structure-activity relationships of the phenylphthalimides indicated that potent enhancing activity on TPA-induced TNF-alpha production by HL-60 cells requires medium-sized substituent(s) at the ortho position(s) of the phenyl group; 2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione (PP-33) increased the TNF-alpha production to more than 600% at the concentration of 1 x 10(-5) M. Introduction of a nitro group at the phthalimide moiety of PP-33 enhanced the activity; 2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4-nitro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dione (4NPP-33) and its 5-nitro isomer (5NPP-33) enhanced the TNF-alpha production to more than 800% and 700%, respectively, at the concentration of 1 x 10(-5) M. Introduction of fluorines into the phthalimide moiety of PP-33 greatly lowered the concentration of the compound necessary to elicit the TNF-alpha production-enhancing activity; 2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrafluoro-1H-isoindole-1,3-dio ne (FPP-33) showed the activity at nanomolar concentration, with the optimum concentration of 1 x 10(-7) M.
Unsupervised hierarchical multi-scale image segmentation level set, wavelet and additive splitting operator (2004)

This paper presents an unsupervised hierarchical multi-scale segmentation method for multi-phase images based on a single level set, a multi-scale analysis using wavelets, and the semi-implicit additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme which is stable, fast, and easy to implement The method successively segments image subregions found at each step of the hierarchy using a decision criterion based on the variance of intensity across the current subregion. Each step starts with segmenting a down-sized image, and the solution is mapped back to the original size and used as an initial contour for further processing. While there is some overhead related to processing a down-sized image, there is a substantial speedup in processing the full-sized image and selecting the subimage to be segmented.
Field book, 1986 (1986)

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Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals of the Acari (1985)

With a growing world population and increasingly demanding consumers, the production of sufficient protein from livestock, poultry, and fish represents a serious challenge for the future. Approximately 1,900 insect species are eaten worldwide, mainly in ...Read More
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Packaging Technique for Microchip Fluorescence Detection System Applications (2006)

A simplified integration process including packaging is presented, which enables the realization of the portable fluorescence detection system. A fluorescence detection microchip system consisting of an integrated p-i-n photodiode, an organic light-emitting diode as the light source, an interference filter, and a microchannel was developed. The on-chip fluorescence detector fabricated by poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based packaging had a thin-film structure. A silicon-based integrated p-i-n photodiode combined with an optical filter removed the background noise, which was produced by an excitation source, on the same substrate. The active area of the finger-type p-i-n photodiode was extended to obtain a higher detection sensitivity of fluorescence. The sensitivity and the limit of detection (LOD; S/N=3) of the system were 0.198 nA/muM and 10 muM, respectively
Coordination of Transit and School Busing in Iowa (2005)

The 2003 Iowa General Assembly asked the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) to conduct a study of Iowa public policy on coordination of public transit services and school transportation. The legislature's request, contained in the transportation appropriation bill, required “a report pertaining to the efficiencies that may be gained by the coordination of transit management and maintenance systems in the areas of school transportation, public transit, and other forms of public transportation.” Such efficiencies are described. As requested by the Iowa DOT, the Center for Transportation Research and Education at Iowa State University studied these issues and prepared a report for the Office of Public Transit. A summary of the coordination activities that are taking place in Iowa between the school districts and transit agencies is presented. Furthermore, the levels of coordination and what benefits are derived from coordinating services are discussed. The objectives of the study include the following: to examine the legal basis for such coordination in Iowa; to inventory the types of coordination taking place around the state; and to highlight some of the coordination models, with a discussion of what each party believes are the benefits of the coordination as well as obstacles that have been encountered.
Six new alkaloids from the purple Red Sea tunicate Eudistoma sp (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSix new alkaloids from the purple Red Sea tunicate Eudistoma spAmira Rudi and Yoel KashmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 22, 5331–5337Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00283a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00283a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improvement of the Kruk−Jaroniec−Sayari Method for Pore Size Analysis of Ordered Silicas with Cylindrical Mesopores (2006)

In this work, the X-ray diffraction structure modeling was employed for analysis of hexagonally ordered large-pore silicas, SBA-15, to determine their pore width independently of adsorption measurements. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms were used to evaluate the relative pressure of capillary condensation in cylindrical mesopores of these materials. This approach allowed us to extend the original Kruk-Jaroniec-Sayari (KJS) relation (Langmuir 1997, 13, 6267) between the pore width and capillary condensation pressure up to 10 nm instead of previously established range from 2 to 6.5 nm for a series of MCM-41 and to improve the KJS pore size analysis of large pore silicas.
Chemistry and photophysics of thiol-stabilized II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals (2000)

Abstract The chemical and physical properties of thiol-stabilized semiconductor nanocrystals are reviewed. The materials prepared include cadmium and mercury chalcogenides with sizes ranging between 1.4 and about 8 nm. In this size regime, the optical properties of the particles are governed by the size-quantization effect. All nanocrystals synthesized belong to the cubic crystal structure. Some applications of this class of materials are outlined.
Generation of Entangled Photons in Graphene in a Strong Magnetic Field (2013)

Entangled photon states attract tremendous interest as the most vivid manifestation of nonlocality of quantum mechanics and also for emerging applications in quantum information. Here we propose a mechanism of generation of polarization-entangled photons, which is based on the nonlinear optical interaction (four-wave mixing) in graphene placed in a magnetic field. Unique properties of quantized electron states in a magnetized graphene and optical selection rules near the Dirac point give rise to a giant optical nonlinearity and a high rate of photon production in the mid- or far-infrared range. A similar mechanism of photon entanglement may exist in topological insulators where the surface states have a Dirac-cone dispersion and demonstrate similar properties of magneto-optical absorption.
128‐channel body MRI with a flexible high‐density receiver‐coil array (2008)

MRI with a large number of receiver channels enables significantly higher acceleration factors for parallel imaging and improved SNR, provided losses from the coils and electronics are kept negligible.
A SIP-based medical event monitoring system (2004)

The medical industry is transitioning to Internet-based communication as the field of telemedicine broadens to include medical event monitoring systems. A medical event monitor generates different types of messages and alerts for healthcare providers, institutions and patients. We describe how the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), a signaling protocol for Internet conferencing, telephony, presence, event notification and instant messaging, can be used to create a medical event monitoring system. SIP can work on a variety of devices; its adoption as the protocol of choice for third generation wireless networks allows for a robust and scalable environment that can easily extend across institutions. First, we describe the basics of SIP and how it can be used for event notifications. Secondly, we describe the use of medical logic modules (MLMs) in a clinical event monitoring system and we propose a SIP medical event monitoring system that can combine the use of MLMs, such as the Arden Syntax, with SIP event notification. We also propose an alternate method of event notification with the use of XML filters to deliver only relevant notifications. Finally, we discuss the different types of devices and wireless protocols that can be incorporated within the system, creating an integrated architecture.
High levels of desmosines in urine and plasma of patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (2004)

Both the urinary and plasma desmosine concentrations indicate that elastin degradation is higher in PXE patients and, to a lesser extent, in healthy carriers than in normal subjects. Data seem to indicate that the amount of elastin breakdown products correlates with the age of patients as well as with the severity of the disease.
STRINGENT CONTROL IN <i>E. COLI</i> (1979)

We have made rapid progress in recent years in identifying the genetic causes of many human diseases. However, despite this recent progress, our mechanistic understanding of these diseases is often incomplete. This is a problem because it limits our ...Read More
Cardiac CT for the Differentiation of Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valves: Comparison With Echocardiography and Surgery (2010)

CT is highly accurate for differentiation between bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves. For bicuspid aortic valves without raphe, diastolic reconstructions are sufficient, whereas in those with a raphe, additional reconstructions in systole are required.
The Preservation of Lactobacilli by Freeze-drying (1955)

SUMMARY :In developing a technique for the freeze-drying of lactobacilli particular attention was paid to the percentage survival rate; this was estimated by viable counts immediately after drying and after storage of the dried cultures. The main factor influencing survival rate was the suspending medium, the best results being obtained in horse serum with 8 % added glucose. Forty-four cultures, fourteen freshly isolated, representative of a comprehensive collection of 452 lactobacilli (see Briggs, 1953 a ) were freeze-dried in this vehicle using the apparatus and technique described. The majority of the survival rates were over 50 % immediately after drying, and over 25 % after 6 months storage; all but two of the freshly isolated strains dried well. Some of the dried cultures were tested again after a storage period of about 2 years and then showed satisfactory percentage survivals.
Infrared matrix isolation studies of molecular interactions: complexes of trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, with selected bases (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared matrix isolation studies of molecular interactions: complexes of trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, with selected basesMei Lee H. Jeng and Bruce S. AultCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 4, 837–842Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00329a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00329a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts