gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epidermal Growth Factor Induction of the c- <i>jun</i> Promoter by a Rac Pathway (1998)

The c-jun proto-oncogene encodes a transcription factor which is activated by mitogens both transcriptionally and by phosphorylation by Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We have investigated the cellular signalling pathways involved in epidermal growth factor (EGF) induction of the c-jun promoter. We find that two sequence elements, which bind ATF1 and MEF2D transcription factors, are required in HeLa cells, although they are not sufficient for maximal induction. Activated forms of Ras, RacI, Cdc42Hs, and MEKK increased expression of the c-jun promoter, while dominant negative forms of Ras, RacI, and MEK kinase (MEKK) inhibited EGF induction. These and previously published results suggest that EGF activates the c-jun promoter by a Ras-to-Rac-to-MEKK pathway. This pathway is similar to that used for posttranslational activation of c-jun by JNK.
Time-decoupled parallel SystemC simulation (2014)

With increasing system size and complexity, designers of embedded systems face the challenge of efficiently simulating these systems in order to enable target specific software development and design space exploration as early as possible. Today's multicore workstations offer enormous computational power, but traditional simulation engines like the OSCI SystemC kernel only operate on a single thread, thereby leaving a lot of computational potential unused. Most modern embedded system designs include multiple processors. This work proposes SCope, a SystemC kernel that aims at exploiting the inherent parallelism of such systems by simulating the processors on different threads. A lookahead mechanism is employed to reduce the required synchronization between the simulation threads, thereby further increasing simulation speed. The virtual prototype of the European FP7 project EURETILE system simulator is used as demonstrator for the proposed work, showing a speedup of 4.01× on a four core host system compared to sequential simulation.
The treatment of depression in chronic low back pain: review and recommendations (1992)

The prevalence of major depression in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) is approximately three to four times greater than that reported in the general population. In spite of these high prevalence rates, there have been few systematic attempts to investigate the efficacy of treatment for major depression in patients with CLBP. While several studies have examined the efficacy of antidepressant medication and psychological treatment in patients with chronic pain, most of these studies have focused on treating chronic pain rather than depression. The few studies that have specifically addressed the treatment of depression in CLBP indicate that tricyclic antidepressants and cognitive-behavioral approaches may be effective means of treating depressed chronic pain patients. Clinical issues related to diagnostic confounds, rehabilitation outcome, and conceptualizations of the relation between pain and depression are discussed. It is argued that, in patients with clinical levels of depression, treatment modalities specifically targeting depressive symptomatology deserve serious consideration as an integral component of pain management programs.
TENS for the treatment of writer’s cramp dystonia: A randomized, placebo-controlled study (2005)

Manipulation of afferent inputs may temporarily modulate dystonic spasms. Ten patients with writer's cramp were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study in which the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) and placebo treatment were compared. Patients were evaluated using four measures of dystonic impairment. The TENS group showed a significant improvement that persisted for 3 weeks in three of the four measures.
Arginine restriction induced by delta-N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-ornithine signals increased expression of HIS3, TRP5, CPA1, and CPA2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1989)

delta-N-(Phosphonacetyl)-L-ornithine (PALO), a transition state analog inhibitor of ornithine transcarbamylase, induced arginine limitation in vivo in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arginine restriction caused increased expression of HIS3 and TRP5, measured by the beta-galactosidase activity in strains carrying chromosomally integrated fusions of the promoter regions of each gene with the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli. The increase in beta-galactosidase activity induced by PALO was reversed by the addition of arginine and was dependent on GCN4 protein. These results indicate that PALO, like 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole DL-5-methyltryptophan, can be used to study the effect of limitation of a single amino acid, arginine, on the expression of genes under the general amino acid control regulatory system. Arginine deprivation imposed by PALO also caused increased expression of CPA1 and CPA2, coding respectively for the small and large subunits of arginine-specific carbamyl-phosphate synthetase. The observed increase was GCN4 dependent and was genetically separable from arginine-specific repression of CPA1 mRNA translation. The 5'-flanking regions of CPA1 (reported previously) and CPA2 determined in this study each contained at least two copies of the sequence TGACTC, shown to bind GCN4 protein. The beta-galactosidase activities expressed from CPA1- and CPA2-lacZ fusions integrated into the nuclear DNA of gcn4 mutant strains were five to six times less than in the wild type, when both strains were grown under depressed conditions. The gcn4 mutation reduced basal expression of both CPA1 and CPA2. The addition of arginine to strains containing the CPA1-lacZ fusion further reduced beta-galactosidase activity of the gcn4 mutant, indicating independent regulation of the CPA1 gene by the general amino acid control and by arginine-specific repression. In strains overproducing GCN4 protein, the translational control completely overrode transcriptional activation of CPA1 by general amino acid control.
Wet Steam Flowrate Calibration Facility (2011)

Newly developed wet steam flowrate calibration facility is introduced. It has a closed loop in which boilers generate a steam flow up to 800 kg/h. Steam flow of known wetness up to 12% is generated by cooling down a dry steam flow by a heat exchanger. The wetness is calculated from the enthalpy the heat exchanger draws from the dry steam flow. Analysis of the facility performance, calibration results of an orifice flowmeter calibration, and uncertainty analysis are described.
The fetal mandible: a 2D and 3D sonographic approach to the diagnosis of retrognathia and micrognathia (2002)

Retrognathia and micrognathia are conditions that can be separately assessed. The use of inferior facial angle and mandible width/maxilla width ratio should help sonographic recognition and characterization of fetal retrognathic and micrognathic mandibles in utero.
Rockwell automation agents for manufacturing (2005)

The paper provides an overview of the agent-based solutions developed by the Rockwell Automation company for the purposes of industrial control. Using agent-based manufacturing control, a higher degree of flexibility and reconfigurability of manufacturing solutions as well as higher robustness of the industrial systems can be achieved. Specific solutions connected with the proposed agent architecture, with implementation of the real-time control agents as well as with the information transfer among the SW agents and the real-time agents in a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) are presented. Attention is also paid to the simulation of both the agent-based manufacturing facilities and their control systems. A simulation environment MAST for material handling systems has been implemented in JADE. The opportunity to re-use directly the simulation software on the agent control level is one of the most important features of MAST.
Anatomical Global Spatial Normalization (2010)

Anatomical global spatial normalization (aGSN) is presented as a method to scale high-resolution brain images to control for variability in brain size without altering the mean size of other brain structures. Two types of mean preserving scaling methods were investigated, "shape preserving" and "shape standardizing". aGSN was tested by examining 56 brain structures from an adult brain atlas of 40 individuals (LPBA40) before and after normalization, with detailed analyses of cerebral hemispheres, all gyri collectively, cerebellum, brainstem, and left and right caudate, putamen, and hippocampus. Mean sizes of brain structures as measured by volume, distance, and area were preserved and variance reduced for both types of scale factors. An interesting finding was that scale factors derived from each of the ten brain structures were also mean preserving. However, variance was best reduced using whole brain hemispheres as the reference structure, and this reduction was related to its high average correlation with other brain structures. The fractional reduction in variance of structure volumes was directly related to ρ (2), the square of the reference-to-structure correlation coefficient. The average reduction in variance in volumes by aGSN with whole brain hemispheres as the reference structure was approximately 32%. An analytical method was provided to directly convert between conventional and aGSN scale factors to support adaptation of aGSN to popular spatial normalization software packages.
REDUNDANCY (1984)

REDUNDANCY Get access Voluntary redundancy, early retirement and the right to redundancy payThe University of Liverpool v. Humber and Birch [ 1984 ] I.R.L.R. 54 (E.A.T.) ANNE MORRIS ANNE MORRIS *University of Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Industrial Law Journal, Volume 13, Issue 1, 1984, Pages 172–174, https://doi.org/10.1093/ilj/13.1.172 Published: 01 June 1984
Studies on 3-substituted 1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives. 6. Syntheses of 3-(sulfamoylmethyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives and their anticonvulsant activities (1979)

Several 3-(sulfamoylmethyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives were synthesized from 3-(bromomethyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole by the reaction with sodium bisulfite followed by chlorination and amination. Some of them displayed marked anticonvulsant activity in mice. The introduction of a halogen atom to the 5 position of the benzisoxazole ring caused increased activity and neurotoxicity; the substitution of a sulfamoyl group caused decreased activity. The activity of monoalkylated compounds might be the result of biotransformation. Among these compounds, 3-(sulfamoylmethyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole (1a) was thought to be the most promising as an anticonvulsant from the ratio of NTD50 and ED50.
Statistical mechanics of learning from examples (1992)

Learning from examples in feedforward neural networks is studied within a statistical-mechanical framework. Training is assumed to be stochastic, leading to a Gibbs distribution of networks characterized by a temperature parameter T. Learning of realizable rules as well as of unrealizable rules is considered. In the latter case, the target rule cannot be perfectly realized by a network of the given architecture. Two useful approximate theories of learning from examples are studied: the high-temperature limit and the annealed approximation. Exact treatment of the quenched disorder generated by the random sampling of the examples leads to the use of the replica theory. Of primary interest is the generalization curve, namely, the average generalization error ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}}_{\mathit{g}}$ versus the number of examples P used for training. The theory implies that, for a reduction in ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}}_{\mathit{g}}$ that remains finite in the large-N limit, P should generally scale as \ensuremath{\alpha}N, where N is the number of independently adjustable weights in the network. We show that for smooth networks, i.e., those with continuously varying weights and smooth transfer functions, the generalization curve asymptotically obeys an inverse power law. In contrast, for nonsmooth networks other behaviors can appear, depending on the nature of the nonlinearities as well as the realizability of the rule. In particular, a discontinuous learning transition from a state of poor to a state of perfect generalization can occur in nonsmooth networks learning realizable rules.We illustrate both gradual and continuous learning with a detailed analytical and numerical study of several single-layer perceptron models. Comparing with the exact replica theory of perceptron learning, we find that for realizable rules the high-temperature and annealed theories provide very good approximations to the generalization performance. Assuming this to hold for multilayer networks as well, we propose a classification of possible asymptotic forms of learning curves in general realizable models. For unrealizable rules we find that the above approximations fail in general to predict correctly the shapes of the generalization curves. Another indication of the important role of quenched disorder for unrealizable rules is that the generalization error is not necessarily a monotonically increasing function of temperature. Also, unrealizable rules can possess genuine spin-glass phases indicative of degenerate minima separated by high barriers.
Evidence of an association between genetic variation of the coactivator PGC-1β and obesity (2005)

Variation of PGC-1beta may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity, with a widespread Ala203 allele being a risk factor for the development of this common disorder.
The Water of Life: A Century of Confusion (2001)

aDepartment of Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA FACS *Correspondence address: Charles E Lucas, MD, Department of Surgery, Detroit Receiving Hospital, 4201 St Antoine, Room 2V, Detroit, MI 48201 Received September 4, 2000; Accepted September 12, 2000. Supported by the Interstitial Fluid Fund, Account 4-44966. The Scudder Oration is delivered each year at the Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons. This lecture was delivered October 2000. No competing interests declared.
Quadruped gait analysis using sparse motion information (2004)

In this paper we propose a system that recognises gait and quadruped structure from a sparse set of tracked points. In this work the motion information is derived from dynamic wildlife film footage and is consequently extremely complex and noisy. The gait analysis is carried out on footage that contains quadrupeds, usually walking in profile to the camera, however, this part of the system is pose independent and useful for gait detection in general. The dominant motion is assumed to generate by the background and its relationship to the camera motion, enabling its removal as an initial step. Along with frequency analysis, an eigengait model is used as a template to synchronise clusters of points and to established an underlying spatio-temporal structure. Given this synchronised structure, further tracking observations are used to deform the structure to better fit the overall motion. We demonstrate that the use of an eigengait model enables the spatio-temporal localisation of walking animals and assists in overcoming difficulties caused by occlusion, tracking failure and noisy measurements.
Multiway Admixture Deconvolution Using Phased or Unphased Ancestral Panels (2012)

We describe a novel method for inferring the local ancestry of admixed individuals from dense genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data. The method, called MULTIMIX, allows multiple source populations, models population linkage disequilibrium between markers and is applicable to datasets in which the sample and source populations are either phased or unphased. The model is based upon a hidden Markov model of switches in ancestry between consecutive windows of loci. We model the observed haplotypes within each window using a multivariate normal distribution with parameters estimated from the ancestral panels. We present three methods to fit the model-Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling, the Expectation Maximization algorithm, and a Classification Expectation Maximization algorithm. The performance of our method on individuals simulated to be admixed with European and West African ancestry shows it to be comparable to HAPMIX, the ancestry calls of the two methods agreeing at 99.26% of loci across the three parameter groups. In addition to it being faster than HAPMIX, it is also found to perform well over a range of extent of admixture in a simulation involving three ancestral populations. In an analysis of real data, we estimate the contribution of European, West African and Native American ancestry to each locus in the Mexican samples of HapMap, giving estimates of ancestral proportions that are consistent with those previously reported.
Gradual perception of structure from motion: a neural approach (1995)

In this paper we propose a parallel network which gradually computes the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of a moving scene from its image sequence, using an incremental scheme based upon a constraint called the maximal rigidity principle. At each instant an internal model (i.e., current estimate) of the 3-D structure is updated, based upon the observations accumulated until then. The updating process favors rigid transformations but tolerates a limited amount of deviation from rigidity. This deviation eventually leads the internal model to converge towards the actual 3-D structure of the scene, An application of this network to the problem of structure from two views is also presented. The main advantage of this architecture is its ability to accurately estimate the 3-D structure of a scene, at a low computational cost. Testing has been successfully performed on synthetic data as well as real image sequences.
Focussed Excimer Laser Beams: A Technique For Selective Micropatterning (1988)

Focussed excimer laser micropatterning techniques are proving indispensable to researchers because of their ability to selectively perform ablation processes in highly localized areas without a mask. A typical system includes an excimer source operating at 193, 248, or 308 nm and an optical delivery system which simultaneously focusses the excimer laser light and permits real time viewing of the ablation process. The addition of a programmable stage allows a sample to be moved across the focussed beam for the generation of a variety of patterns covering areas as small as a few square microns to entire substrates. The importance and usefulness of this technique has been reported in such diverse fields as microelectronics packaging, semiconductor technology, optoelectronics, and high temperature superconductor research. Examples show how this micropatterning technique can be used in packaging to selectively remove either dielectric or metallic materials with no damage and to produce novel structures in a single processing step. The repair of electrical shorts and opens in complex microprocessors is discussed as well as applications to failure analysis. Finally several results are described showing the microfabrication of features as small as 1 μm in Hi-Tc superconductors to custom transmission lines.
Catalytic reduction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen sulfide. 3. Study of adsorption of oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon monoxide coadsorbed with hydrogen sulfide on anatase and rutile using Auger electron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic reduction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen sulfide. 3. Study of adsorption of oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon monoxide coadsorbed with hydrogen sulfide on anatase and rutile using Auger electron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorptionD. D. Beck, J. M. White, and C. T. RatcliffeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 14, 3132–3136Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100405a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j100405a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile A‐Ring Synthesis for Taxol. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On the computation of groups of bounding boxes for fast test of objects intersection (2002)

Several computer graphics algorithms (such as ray-tracing) heavily relate their performances to the efficiency of the tests of intersection between the rays of a light source and the objects of a synthetic scene. Some solid modeling and robotics algorithms need also to test quickly the possible interferences of the different parts of a system such as the arms of different robots. To speed-up the test, the free form objects to be tested are encapsulated into boxes and the test starts by performing a check on overlapping of the bounding boxes, thus producing a section of the space where an intersection can occur. Then, only if the boxes overlap the test continues on the original free form objects only in the portion of the 3D-space resulting from the first step. In this paper we present a simple, fast and efficient algorithm (called the Bounding Boxes Group method) to compute a tight bounding entity of a complex object modeled in the constructive solid geometry (CSG). If no upper limit is set to the number of elements of each Bounding Box Group, we demonstrate that our algorithm achieves the tightest possible solution. We present also algorithms which permit to reduce the number of bounding elements still providing a satisfactory and tight encapsulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Metaphase Harvest and Cytogenetic Analysis of Solid Tumor Cultures (1994)

Cytogenetic preparations of solid tumor specimens often demonstrate clonal chromosome aberrations. These clonal aberrations are useful in confirming the neoplastic nature of a given tumor and might also suggest a specific diagnosis or prognosis. Most solid tumors must be cultured for several days before metaphase cells can be obtained for cytogenetic analysis. The describes harvesting of metaphase cells from cultures prepared from solid tumor specimens. The cells are fixed and then stained using a trypsin-Giemsa (GTG) method to produce characteristic banding patterns for cytogenetic analysis. The first describes disaggregation and short-term tissue culture of solid tumors. The second describes analysis of cells from lymph nodes infiltrated by lymphoma cells and the third describes the direct analysis of cells from malignant effusion (fluid) samples.