gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE REACTIONS AND ENOLIZATION OF CYCLIC DIKETONES. VI. 2,4,5-TRIPHENYLCYCLOPENTENE-4-DIONE-1,3 AND 2,4,5-TRIPHENYLCYCLOPENTANEDIONE-1,3<sup>1</sup> (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REACTIONS AND ENOLIZATION OF CYCLIC DIKETONES. VI. 2,4,5-TRIPHENYLCYCLOPENTENE-4-DIONE-1,3 AND 2,4,5-TRIPHENYLCYCLOPENTANEDIONE-1,31C. F. KOELSCH and STANLEY WAWZONEKCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1941, 06, 5, 684–689Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01205a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01205a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spiro(fluorene-9,9′-xanthene)-Based Porous Organic Polymers: Preparation, Porosity, and Exceptional Hydrogen Uptake at Low Pressure (2011)

Preparation and sorption properties of spiro(fluorene-9,9′-xanthene)-based porous organic polymers (SPOPs) are reported for the first time. Using a same linker monomer, the micropore size and specific surface area in SPOPs are tunable by variation of the structure of core building blocks. According to the obtained nitrogen physisorption isotherms, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area for these polymers varies between 750 and 1020 m2 g–1. Copolymer SPOP-3 containing spiro(fluorene-9,9′-xanthene) and spirobifluorene with 1:1 ratio, prepared through Suzuki coupling polymerization, possesses 2.22 wt % hydrogen adsorption capacity at 1.0 bar and 77 K, which not only is the exceptional uptake capacity for hydrogen at low pressure among the best reported results for organic polymers but also can be competitive with other kinds of porous materials such as activated carbons and metal–organic frameworks.
Comparison of Butorphanol Nasal Spray and Fiorinal With Codeine in the Treatment of Migraine (1998)

Butorphanol tartrate is a synthetic mixed agonist-antagonist opioid analgesic. Its transnasal dosage form, which may be self-administered when the use of an opioid analgesic is appropriate, was previously shown to provide rapid relief of migraine pain. In this double-blind, parallel-group, outpatient study, we compared butorphanol nasal spray 1 mg followed in 1 hour by an optional second 1-mg dose with the orally administered analgesic, Fiorinal with Codeine (one capsule containing butalbital 50 mg, caffeine 40 mg, aspirin 325 mg, and codeine phosphate 30 mg). Patients (N=321) were assigned by randomization to one of two treatment groups (butorphanol or Fiorinal with Codeine) and instructed to self-administer medication when migraine pain reached an intensity of moderate or severe and to record study-related events in a diary for 24 hours posttreatment. Efficacy analyses were performed on data from 275 patients who took study medication and returned a patient diary; 136 in the butorphanol group and 139 in the Fiorinal with Codeine group. During the first 2 hours after treatment, butorphanol was more effective than Fiorinal with Codeine in treating migraine pain as measured by pain intensity difference scores, percentage of responders (pain decreased to mild or none), percentage of pain-free patients, and degree of pain relief, with a more rapid time to onset of 15 minutes. A similar percentage of patients in the two groups used rescue medication during the first 4 hours, after which more butorphanol-treated than Fiorinal with Codeine-treated patients used rescue medication. Butorphanol patients had more side effects, less improvement in digestive symptoms, and less improvement in functional ability than Fiorinal with Codeine patients.
Heart Rate Variability and Arterial Blood Pressure Variability Show Different Characteristic Changes During Hemorrhage in Isoflurane-Anesthetized, Mechanically Ventilated Dogs (2002)

We assessed the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) as indices of autonomic nervous system and volume status during hemorrhage in isoflurane-anesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs. Nine dogs were used. They were sequentially subjected to withdrawal of 30% estimated blood volume and graded isoflurane inhalation of 1% and 2% followed by discontinuation of isoflurane and retransfusion. The power spectra of HRV and BPV were computed using the fast Fourier transformation, and were quantified by determining the areas of the spectrum in two component widths: low-frequency component (LF) (0.04–0.15 Hz) and high-frequency component (HF) (0.15–0.4 Hz). During hemorrhage and isoflurane anesthesia, both HRV-LF and HRV-HF were decreased and plateaued at the smaller concentration of isoflurane, whereas BPV-LF decreased concentration-dependently. BPV-HF showed a completely different response and increased significantly during 2% isoflurane. We speculate that HRV and BPV-LF would be affected by the autonomic nervous activity, whereas BPV-HF would depend on relative/absolute change in circulating blood volume.
Hardware speech recognition for user interfaces in low cost, low power devices (2005)

We propose a system architecture for real-time hardware speech recognition on low-cost, power-constrained devices. The system is intended to support real-time speech-based user interfaces as part of an effort to bring Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to underdeveloped regions of the world.Our system architecture exploits a shared infrastructure model. The computationally intensive task of speech model training and retraining is performed offline by shared servers, while the actual recognition of speech is conducted on low-cost hand-held devices using custom hardware.The recognizer is extremely flexible and can support multiple languages or dialects with speaker-independent recognition. Dynamic loading of speech models is used for changing language grammar and retraining, while reprogramming is used to support evolution of recognition algorithms. The focus on small sets of words (at one time) reduces the complexity, cost and power consumption. We design the speech decoder, the central component of the recognizer, and we validate it via a prototype FPGA implementation. We then use ASIC synthesis to estimate power and size for the design.Our evaluations demonstrate an order of magnitude improvement in power compared with optimized recognition software running on a low-power embedded general-purpose processor of the same technology and of similar capabilities. The synthesis also estimates the area of the design to be about 2.5mm2, showing potential for lower cost. In designing and testing our recognizer we use datasets in both English and Tamil languages.
A 1 kbit Josephson random access memory using variable threshold cells (1989)

The variable-thresholds cell has the advantages of simple structure and small size. In order to achieve nondestructive readout, rewriting has been carried out with peripheral circuits consisting of latching logic gates without any superconducting loop. OR-INVERT address decoders powered by a two-phase supply are used instead of the AND decoders of previous Josephson RAM chips. The 1 kbit (256*4 bit) RAM chip was fabricated using an Nb/Al-oxide/Nb tunnel junction technology with a 3 mu m design rule. Experimental results show no failure in the 1028 logic gates of the peripheral circuits, and only a 2% bit failure in the cell plane of 1024 bits. Total power dissipation of the chip, including peripheral logic circuits, is 1.9 mW. A preliminary measurement yields an access time of about 500 ps.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deblur Rapidly Resolves Single-Nucleotide Community Sequence Patterns (2017)

High-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons has facilitated understanding of complex microbial communities, but the inherent noise in PCR and DNA sequencing limits differentiation of closely related bacteria. Although many scientific questions can be addressed with broad taxonomic profiles, clinical, food safety, and some ecological applications require higher specificity. Here we introduce a novel sub-operational-taxonomic-unit (sOTU) approach, Deblur, that uses error profiles to obtain putative error-free sequences from Illumina MiSeq and HiSeq sequencing platforms. Deblur substantially reduces computational demands relative to similar sOTU methods and does so with similar or better sensitivity and specificity. Using simulations, mock mixtures, and real data sets, we detected closely related bacterial sequences with single nucleotide differences while removing false positives and maintaining stability in detection, suggesting that Deblur is limited only by read length and diversity within the amplicon sequences. Because Deblur operates on a per-sample level, it scales to modern data sets and meta-analyses. To highlight Deblur's ability to integrate data sets, we include an interactive exploration of its application to multiple distinct sequencing rounds of the American Gut Project. Deblur is open source under the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) license, easily installable, and downloadable from https://github.com/biocore/deblur. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Deblur provides a rapid and sensitive means to assess ecological patterns driven by differentiation of closely related taxa. This algorithm provides a solution to the problem of identifying real ecological differences between taxa whose amplicons differ by a single base pair, is applicable in an automated fashion to large-scale sequencing data sets, and can integrate sequencing runs collected over time.
Measurement and calculation of characteristic prompt gamma ray spectra emitted during proton irradiation (2009)

In this paper, we present results of initial measurements and calculations of prompt gamma ray spectra (produced by proton-nucleus interactions) emitted from tissue equivalent phantoms during irradiations with proton beams. Measurements of prompt gamma ray spectra were made using a high-purity germanium detector shielded either with lead (passive shielding), or a Compton suppression system (active shielding). Calculations of the spectra were performed using a model of both the passive and active shielding experimental setups developed using the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit. From the measured spectra it was shown that it is possible to distinguish the characteristic emission lines from the major elemental constituent atoms (C, O, Ca) in the irradiated phantoms during delivery of proton doses similar to those delivered during patient treatment. Also, the Monte Carlo spectra were found to be in very good agreement with the measured spectra providing an initial validation of our model for use in further studies of prompt gamma ray emission during proton therapy.
BUILDING ENERGY MODELING (2018)

This article provides an overview of building energy modeling with a focus on building energy modeling techniques, model quality and simulation accuracy, sensitivity analysis of the model inputs, energy efficiency measures, and emerging technologies. This work can be useful for researchers who (i) have knowledge of heat transfer processes but not necessarily building energy modeling or (ii) have a deep knowledge of building energy modeling but need a comprehensive review of building energy modeling topics. Our goal is to provide an understanding of building energy modeling capabilities and limitations.
Ampholytic Chitosan/Alginate Composite Nanofibrous Membranes with Super Anti-Crude Oil-Fouling Behavior and Multifunctional Oil/Water Separation Properties (2019)

Owning to its highly viscous and adhesive properties, viscous crude oil tends to easily adhere onto separation materials, resulting in serious fouling. Herein, we report an ampholytic nanofibrous membrane composed of a pair of oppositely charged biopolymers—positive chitosan (CS) and negative sodium alginate (ALG). CS and ALG were homogeneously complexed with each other to form a well-defined, interconnected, and entangled nanofibrous structure in a cosolvent of the LiOH/KOH/urea aqueous system after sequential treatment with chemical and physical cross-linking reactions. Benefitting from the coexistence of cationic and anionic groups on the surfaces of the CS/ALG composite nanofibers, the resulting CS/ALG composite nanofibrous membrane (CAM) has a strong hydrate layer to repel various oils including viscous crude oil. Moreover, The CAM could retain its wettability in harsh environments (e.g., acid, alkali, and salt). Furthermore, it could effectively separate the most troublesome crude oil-in-water emulsions with a superior separation efficiency (99%) and behaved well in terms of reusability. Meanwhile, CAM could realize multifunctional water treatment, where water-soluble dyes and heavy metal ions could be effectively wiped off by CAM from oily wastewater. The superiorities in low-cost, biodegradability, antioil fouling performance, oil/water separation properties, as well as multifunctional water treatment endow CAM with great potential in dealing with practical oily wastewater treatment.
Genetic engineering of protein–peptide fusions for control of protein partitioning in thermoseparating aqueous two‐phase systems (1999)

Genetic engineering has been used for the fusion of peptides, with different length and composition, on a protein to study the effect on partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems containing thermoseparating polymers. Peptides containing 2–6 tryptophan residues or tryptophan plus 1–3 lysine or aspartate residues, were fused near the C-terminus of the recombinant protein ZZT0, where Z is a synthetic IgG-binding domain derived from domain B in staphylococcal protein A. The partitioning behavior of the peptides and fusion proteins were studied in an aqueous two-phase system composed of dextran and the thermoseparating ethylene oxide–propylene oxide random copolymer, EO30PO70. The zwitterionic compound β-alanine was used to reduce the charge-dependent salt effects on partitioning, and to evaluate the contribution to the partition coefficient from the amino acid residues, Trp, Lys, and Asp, respectively. Trp was found to direct the fusion proteins to the EO–PO copolymer phase, while Asp and Lys directed them to the dextran phase. The effect of sodium perchlorate and triethylammonium phosphate on the partitioning of the fusion proteins was also studied. Salt effects were directly proportional to the net charge of the fusion proteins. Sodium perchlorate was found to be 3.5 times more effective in directing positively charged proteins to the EO–PO copolymer phase compared to the effect of triethyl ammonium phosphate on negatively charged proteins. An empirical correlation has been tested where the fusion protein partitioning is a result of independent contributions from unmodified protein, fused peptide, and salt effects. A good agreement with experimental data was obtained which indicates the possibility, by independent measurements of partitioning of target protein and fusion peptide, to approximately predict the fusion protein partitioning. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 62: 135–144, 1999.
<title>Plan-behavior interaction in autonomous navigation</title> (1991)

This paper describes a scheme for plan-behavior interaction in a reactive robot for navigating in an indoor environment. The robot uses very high level plans called " scripts" which resemble the symbolic sequence of instructions that a person would give when asked for directions. The robot is able to execute scripts because of a close correspondence between the script instructions and the four basic abilities hallway traversing (e. g. wall following) landmark recognition place recognition and junction branch selection. The ability invoked in an instruction can often be achieved by more than one of the behaviors associated with that ability. For example ''move down a hallway'' may be implemented using one of the following behaviors: follow wall follow midline follow targeL Thus there is a competition among the movement behaviors in executing the script instruction. Which movement behavior is actually activated at run-time is determined by its priority which is dynamically adjusted depending on the mission goals and the environmental and sensor conditions. Our robot architecture also allows subsumption of the " deliberate" behaviors invoked through a script by the activation of more reactive ones such as collision avoidance in response to changes in the environment. For execution each instruction in a script must be matched to a triple (initiation event behavior termination event). The sequence required by the script is achieved by making the termination event for one instruction
A ferrocene-based heteroditopic ligand for electrochemical sensing of cations and anions (2005)

A ferrocene-based heteroditopic receptor containing urea and crown ether units shows electrochemical responses to dihydrogenphosphate and fluoride anions. K+ cations can only be detected in the presence of dihydrogenphosphate.
Benefit of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as supplemental therapy after lung transplantation concerning their antiproliferative effects: an experimental study using a heterotopic rodent model (2002)

The PDE4 inhibitors tested in our study are not suitable on their own for immunosuppressive therapy after lung transplantation because of the limited protection against the epithelial disturbance, infiltration of immune cells, and luminal obliteration. The strong anti-proliferative effect of the second-generation PDE4 inhibitors, cilomilast and roflumilast, suggest a benefit for the effective inhibition of immune cell and fibroblast proliferation contributing to the development of obliterative bronchiolitis.
The Bitwise Bloom Filter (2007)

We present the Bitwise Bloom Filter, a data structure for maintaining counts for a large number of items. The bitwise filter is an extension of the Bloom filter, a space-efficient data structure for storing a large set efficiently by discarding the identity of the items being held while still being able to determine whether it is in the set or not, with high probability. We show how this idea can be extended to maintaining counts of items by maintaining a separate Bloom filter for every position in the bit representations of all the counts. We give both theoretical analysis of the accuracy of the Bitwise filter together with validation via experiments on real network data. 1
How People Explain Action (and Autonomous Intelligent Systems Should Too). (2017)

To make Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AIS), such as virtual agents and embodied robots, “explainable” we need to understand how people respond to such systems and what expectations they have of them. Our thesis is that people will regard most AIS as intentional agents and apply the conceptual framework and psychological mechanisms of human behavior explanation to them. We present a well-supported theory of how people explain human behavior and sketch what it would take to implement the underlying framework of explanation in AIS. The benefits will be considerable: When an AIS is able to explain its behavior in ways that people find comprehensible, people are more likely to form correct mental models of such a system and calibrate their trust in the system.
Millimeter-Wave Communication with Out-of-Band Information (2017)

Configuring the antenna arrays is the main source of overhead in mmWave communication systems. In high mobility scenarios, the problem is exacerbated, as achieving the highest rates requires frequent link reconfiguration. One solution is to exploit spatial congruence between signals in different frequency bands and extract mmWave channel parameters with the aid of side information obtained in another band. In this article we propose the concept of out-of-band information aided mmWave communication. We analyze different strategies to leverage information derived from sensors or from other communication systems operating at sub-6 GHz bands to help configure the mmWave communication link. The overhead reductions that can be obtained when exploiting out-of-band information are characterized in a preliminary study. Finally, the challenges associated with using out-of-band signals as a source of side information at mmWave are analyzed in detail.
Systemic Hyperthermia in the Treatment of HIV-Related Disseminated Kaposiʼs Sarcoma (1994)

Treatment of HIV and related malignancies with pharmacologic and biologic agents has not appreciably modified the course of disease. Immunologic impairment remains the critical factor in response. We report the long-term results of a single session of low-flow (0.3 L/min) extracorporeal perfusion hyperthermia on 29 men and 2 women with disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma and profound immunologic impairment. Any antiretroviral drug employed by the patient was stopped 72 hours prior to treatment and withheld during the period of follow-up. Core temperature was raised to 42 degrees C and held for 1 hour with extracorporeal perfusion and ex vivo blood heating to 49 degrees C as the means of temperature control. Of 31 patients, 2 died of complications secondary to treatment (cardiac arrhythmia; CNS bleed). There were two cases of intravascular coagulopathy. Pressure point skin damage may occur despite adequate cushioning. At 30 days posttreatment complete or partial regressions were seen in 20/29 of those treated, with regressions persisting in 14/29 of those treated by 120 days posttreatment. At 360 days, 4/29 maintain tumor regressions with 1 in complete remission (at 26 months). The patient in complete remission remains culture-negative and PCR-negative for HIV. CD4+ counts rose from around 250 to, and remain around, 800 in this man. Selected healed lesions were biopsied to demonstrate tumor absence. Patients were selected for treatment if pretreatment testing of the tumor showed regression in vitro with heat exposure. Analysis of the early and midterm failures showed little sustained rise of the CD4+ cells if presenting total CD4+ counts were below 50 and had been at such low levels for extended periods, although other surrogate markers of HIV activity declined (semiquantitative PCR) during this period and is felt to support the hypothesis of apoptosis proposed in this illness. Analysis of the tumors of the few men not responding demonstrated elevated levels of IL-6 as compared to responders (12 vs < 1 pg/ml). At 120 days 29/31 patients remained alive (expected, 20). At 360 days, 21/31 remained alive (expected, 11). In no patient was HIV activity stimulated with heat exposure. CMV retinitis did clear in some patients treated (both techniques), but treatment alone did not prevent later development of retinopathy. EBV parameters were markedly altered in the short term with heat exposure in some patients. Few patients showed herpes simplex activation. Varicella-zoster virus remitted in some patients. There is utility in the use of systemic hyperthermia to control HIV and related malignancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)