gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An efficient information server for advanced plant asset management (2004)

In already installed fieldbus instrumentations, a configuration-free and manufacturer-independent access to field device information sets is still missing. Due to the lack of suitable and simple models, as well as of interaction patterns of field devices in various information worlds of process control engineering, the practical use made of device novelties is rather complex. This affects high investments for engineering this information in various applications of process control engineering. Modern field devices contain embedded information sets that are ever-increasing, and provide great opportunity for innovative asset management functionality. In this paper we present an information server, serving as an additional information channel between field and plant level in process industry. We show that this so-called asset management box provides the configuration-free analysis of fieldbus segments, the open access to installed field devices and the automatically updated, structured and self-descriptive presentation of their embedded information sets. Its basic functionality fulfills one prerequisite of an efficient asset management system: the analysis of the actual state of a fieldbus installation, without prior knowledge about the installed field devices and enhanced investments in engineering. We discuss several asset management applications, implemented on the asset management box. To prevent excessive investments for engineering of asset management applications themselves, widest flexibility and extensibility of the management systems' functionality is required. The box's structure permits easy extensibility of plant and client-specific applications as well as the easy integration of specific fieldbus hardware, the box provides a universal fieldbus interface.
CXCR7 is inducible by HTLV‐1 Tax and promotes growth and survival of HTLV‐1‐infected T cells (2009)

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), encodes the potent transcriptional activator Tax, which is required for HTLV-1-induced immortalization of T cells. CXCR7 is an atypical chemokine receptor frequently expressed by tumor cells and known to promote cell growth and survival. We found that HTLV-1-immortalized T cells expressing Tax consistently expressed CXCR7. Induction of Tax in JPX-9 upregulated CXCR7. Wild-type Tax efficiently activated the CXCR7 promoter via a proximal NF-kappaB site, while a mutant Tax selectively defective in NF-kappaB activation did not. CCX754, a synthetic CXCR7 antagonist, inhibited cell growth and increased apoptosis of HTLV-1-immortalized T cells. Knockdown of CXCR7 by small interfering RNA also reduced cell growth. Stable expression of CXCR7 in a CXCR7-negative ATL cell line promoted cell growth and survival. Taken together, CXCR7 is inducible by Tax and may play an important role in HTLV-1-induced immortalization of T cells by promoting growth and survival of HTLV-1-infected T cells.
Adhesive composite inlays for the restoration of cracked posterior teeth associated with a tongue bar. (1998)

While body piercing has become fashionable in contemporary society, numerous health risks are directly related to this trend. Tongue piercing in particular presents several concomitant complications for the attending clinician, including the possibility of soft tissue infection or damage to the natural dentition or existing restorations. Clinicians must be proficient in the selection of the proper materials and techniques utilized to treat affected patients. This article details a comprehensive clinical protocol for the use of adhesive composite inlay restorations for cracked posterior teeth.
HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPOSITE TUBES FOR DEEPWATER RISERS (1992)

This paper discusses high performance composite tubes for deepwater risers applications. The design principles of the tubes are first presented, with results of preliminary work carried out as part of the initial feasibility study. Applications of such tubes to drilling riser kill and choke lines and to TLP production risers, both of which have been studied in detail, are then described. Technical and operational advantages obtained from such applications are presented.
Differential Clearance and Immune Responses to Tick Cell-Derived versus Macrophage Culture-Derived<i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis</i>in Mice (2006)

Human monocytic ehrlichiosis is caused by a tick-transmitted rickettsia, Ehrlichia chaffeensis. We recently reported that E. chaffeensis grown in tick cells expresses different proteins than bacteria grown in macrophages. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that immune responses against E. chaffeensis would be different if the mice are challenged with bacteria grown in macrophages or tick cells. We assessed the E. chaffeensis clearance from the peritoneum, spleen, and liver by C57BL/6J mice using a TaqMan-based real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay. Macrophage-grown E. chaffeensis was cleared in 2 weeks from the peritoneum, whereas the pathogen from tick cells persisted for nine additional days and included three relapses of increasing bacterial load separated by three-day intervals. Tick cell-grown bacteria also persisted in the livers and spleens with higher bacterial loads compared to macrophage-grown bacteria and fluctuated over a period of 35 days. Three-day periodic cycles were detected in T-cell CD62L/CD44 ratios in the spleen and bone marrow in response to infections with both tick cell- and macrophage-grown bacteria and were accompanied by similar periodic cycles of spleen cell cytokine secretions and nitric oxide and interleukin-6 by peritoneal macrophages. The E. chaffeensis-specific immunoglobulin G response was considerably higher and steadily increased in mice infected with the tick cell-derived E. chaffeensis compared to DH82-grown bacteria. In addition, antigens detected by the immunoglobulins were significantly different between mice infected with the E. chaffeensis originating from tick cells or macrophages. The differences in the immune response to tick cell-grown bacteria compared to macrophage-grown bacteria reflected a delay in the shift of gene expression from the tick cell-specific Omp 14 gene to the macrophage-specific Omp 19 gene. These data suggest that the host response to E. chaffeensis depends on the source of the bacteria and that this experimental model requires the most natural inoculum possible to allow for a realistic understanding of host resistance.
IoTEF: A Federated Edge-Cloud Architecture for Fault-Tolerant IoT Applications (2020)

Abstract The evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has led to an increased emphasis on edge computing for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), in which applications rely on processing data closer to the data sources, and sharing the results across heterogeneous clusters. This has simplified the data exchanges between IoT/CPS systems, the cloud, and the edge for managing low latency, minimal bandwidth, and fault-tolerant applications. Nonetheless, many of these applications administer data collection on the edge and offer data analytic and storage capabilities in the cloud. This raises the problem of separate software stacks between the edge and the cloud with no unified fault-tolerant management, hindering dynamic relocation of data processing. In such systems, the data must also be preserved from being corrupted or duplicated in the case of intermittent long-distance network connectivity issues, malicious harming of edge devices, or other hostile environments. Within this context, the contributions of this paper are threefold: (i) to propose a new Internet of Things Edge-Cloud Federation (IoTEF) architecture for multi-cluster IoT applications by adapting our earlier Cloud and Edge Fault-Tolerant IoT (CEFIoT) layered design. We address the fault tolerance issue by employing the Apache Kafka publish/subscribe platform as the unified data replication solution. We also deploy Kubernetes for fault-tolerant management, combined with the federated scheme, offering a single management interface and allowing automatic reconfiguration of the data processing pipeline, (ii) to formulate functional and non-functional requirements of our proposed solution by comparing several IoT architectures, and (iii) to implement a smart buildings use case of the ongoing Otaniemi3D project as proof-of-concept for assessing IoTEF capabilities. The experimental results conclude that the architecture minimizes latency, saves network bandwidth, and handles both hardware and network connectivity based failures.
Motion Artifact Reduction in Wearable Photoplethysmography Based on Multi-Channel Sensors with Multiple Wavelengths (2020)

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an easy and convenient method by which to measure heart rate (HR). However, PPG signals that optically measure volumetric changes in blood are not robust to motion artifacts. In this paper, we develop a PPG measuring system based on multi-channel sensors with multiple wavelengths and propose a motion artifact reduction algorithm using independent component analysis (ICA). We also propose a truncated singular value decomposition for 12-channel PPG signals, which contain direction and depth information measured using the developed multi-channel PPG measurement system. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated against the R-peaks of an electrocardiogram in terms of sensitivity (Se), positive predictive value (PPV), and failed detection rate (FDR). The experimental results show that Se, PPV, and FDR were 99%, 99.55%, and 0.45% for walking, 96.28%, 99.24%, and 0.77% for fast walking, and 82.49%, 99.83%, and 0.17% for running, respectively. The evaluation shows that the proposed method is effective in reducing errors in HR estimation from PPG signals with motion artifacts in intensive motion situations such as fast walking and running.
Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into the Liquid Biofuel 2,5-Dimethylfuran (2014)

In recent years, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), which is produced by the selective hydrogenation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and is considered as a new-fashioned liquid biofuel for transportation, has received much more attention from many researchers in the world. Compared to the current market-leading bioethanol, DMF possesses a higher energy density, a higher boiling point, and a higher octane number and is immiscible with water. At present, the study on the selective hydrogenation of HMF into DMF is still in its infancy; however, it has been becoming a very important research orientation in the field of bioenergy. In consideration of the excellent physicochemical properties, the momentous application values, and the broad market prospects of DMF, the reported catalytic systems and the latest research achievements for the selective hydrogenation of HMF into DMF in light of the diversity of hydrogen donors such as molecular hydrogen, formic acid, alcohols, and water are systematically summarized and discussed, and the reaction mechanism of DMF synthesis and the combustion performance and safety of DMF are also outlined in this critical review. Moreover, some potential research trends in future studies are prospected to offer the valuable ideas and advice for the selective hydrogenation of HMF and provide the theoretical references and technical support for the practical production and application of DMF.
SPONTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT OF MURINE PANCREATIC INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (MPANIN) IN ELA-CREERT2; LSL-KRASG12D MICE (2007)

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a uniformly lethal neoplasm. PDAC arises in association with microscopic precursor lesions known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). The cellular origins of PDAC remain an enigma, and despite the "ductal" moniker, studies in genetically engineered mice (GEM) have failed to definitively establish an ontogenic relationship with mature ductal epithelium. Recent GEM models of PDAC recapitulating the cognate human disease were created by developmental targeting of mutant KrasG12D to the entire pancreatic anlage, using Pdx1-regulated Cre recombination. However these elegant studies did not specifically address the cellular origins of murine PanINs (mPanINs) in the context of adult pancreata, which is the biologically relevant soil for PDAC. Methods: In order to determine the phenotypic effects of oncogenic KrasG12D in the mature pancreas, we generated Pdx1-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D and Elastase (Ela)-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D mice. Post-natally, Pdx1 expression is restricted to endocrine cells, while Ela expression is restricted to the exocrine acinar / centro-acinar population. Tamoxifen-mediated CreERT2 activation in these GEM permits targeting mutant KrasG12D to the respective Pdx1 and Ela-expressing cell types. Therefore, at 6 weeks of age, tamoxifen was administered as once daily intraperitoneal injection for a period of 5 days. Thirty mice were generated from each cohort (Pdx1-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D and Ela-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D), and groups of five mice were harvested at two-monthly intervals, beginning at 2 months post-tamoxifen injection, and culminating at 1 year. Non-induced littermates were used as control. Results: No pancreatic phenotype was observed in Pdx1-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D mice even at 1 year post-induction. In contrast, Ela-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D mice spontaneously developed mPanIN at 4 months, and by 1 year, had developed the entire histologic spectrum of pre-invasive lesions, including high-grade mPanIN-3. The advanced mPanINs typically arose in association with lobular atrophy, acinar to ductal metaplasia, and presence of intermediate acinar-ductal cell types. Conclusions: While developmental targeting of mutant KrasG12D to Pdx1-expressing cells consistently results in a pre-invasive ductal phenotype, Pdx1-expressing cells in the post-natal pancreas appear to be largely resistant to effects of the oncogenic allele. In contrast, the mature Ela-expressing acinar / centroacinar population retains its susceptibility for spontaneous mPanIN formation. A recent report by Guerra and colleagues had suggested the absolute requirement for concomitant exocrine injury (chronic pancreatitis) in order for mPanINs to develop in the context of Kras misexpression in mature exocrine tissues. However, as the Ela-CreERT2; LSL-KrasG12D mice demonstrate, the Ela-expressing acinar / centroacinar cells can be spontaneously induced along a path towards pancreatic neoplasia by a single initiating genetic event.
Tetra-(acetyl piperazine phenoxy) Phthalocyaninato Zinc Complexes and Their Proteins Conjugates: Synthesis, Characterisation and Photodynamic Activities (2006)

Two zinc phthalocyanines, tetra-α-[4-(4-acetyl piperazine) phenoxy] phthalocyaninato zinc (C80H72N16 O8Zn) (1) and tetra-β-[4-(4-acetyl piperazine) phenoxy] phthalocyaninato zinc (C80H72N16O8Zn) (2), have been synthesised and characterised with 1H NMR, MS, IR and elemental analysis. The electronic absorption spectra of two complexes in common organic solvents (N,N-dimethyl formamide, tetrahydrofuran, n-octanol) were typical for non-aggregated phthalocyanines, showing a Q band at 693~698 nm for 1 and 681~682 nm for 2. This indicates that the Q band of zinc phthalocyanine with the substituted groups located in the α position is largely red shifted than that in the β position. The spectral features of complexes 1 and 2 in aqueous media suggest the α-substituted groups are more effective than β-substituted groups to hinder the aggregation of phthalocyanine molecule. The interactions between two complexes with serum albumin and transferrin (BSA, HSA and apoTf) were investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding constants were found to be (1~20) × 105 mol-1·L. By comparison, β-substituted 2 had stronger combining ability with albumin than that of α-substituted 1. The non-covalent conjugates (1-BSA, 2-BSA, 1-HSA, 1-apoTf and 1-FeTf) with the molar ratio of about 1∶1 have also been prepared. The photodynamic activities of two complexes and their bioconjugates against MCF-7 mammary tumor cells were examined. The result shows that the photocytotoxicities of conjugates are higher than that of complexes 1~2 and follows the order 1-BSA 1-FeTf 1-HSA, 1-apoTf 2-BSA 1 2.
The role of GABA-A receptor subtypes as analgesic targets (2010)

Recent GABA(A) receptor drug discovery efforts have culminated in the development of transgenic mice and subtype-selective pharmacological tools, enhancing our understanding of the major inhibitory neural system in the central nervous system. Notably, subtype-selective tools have demonstrated in both preclinical studies and, to some extent, in man that it is possible to develop drugs that share the clinical benefits of benzodiazepines (e.g., anxiolysis) while obviating some adverse effects of these clinically important drugs. Here, we highlight chronic pain as another therapeutic area in which subtype-selective GABA(A) receptor drugs might have clinical utility. Specifically, based on research in animal models of inflammatory/neuropathic pain, we suggest that subtype-selective positive modulators of GABA(A) alpha(2/3) receptors might reverse a loss of postsynaptic GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory function in spinal cord, leading to analgesia. However, alteration of presynaptic inhibitory neural transmission in chronic pain suggests that drugs that negatively modulate GABA(A) receptors might also be effective analgesics. For example, the non-selective negative allosteric modulator FG-7142 reverses allodynia in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Importantly, these two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive. Further clinical exploration in pain of available positive and negative subtype-selective modulators that have been administered to humans would considerably aid back translation, allowing for improved therapeutic development.
Flocs vs granules: Differentiation by fractal dimension (1997)

High rate anaerobic wastewater treatment systems usually give rise to biomass structured in different types of aggregates, depending on prevalent environmental conditions. Although highly dependent on wastewater characteristics, granules are generally formed and found in UASB reactors, whereas flocs are mainly found in fixed bed reactors. Different structures usually have different shapes and surface roughness. The aim of this work is to provide a contribution to the differentiation of those kinds of aggregates. A numerical parameter, the fractal dimension, was used to quantify the surface roughness. The fractal dimension, of two families of particles, was measured by two methods: (i) a box counting method; (ii) a method based on an area-size relationship. In both cases, the differences were highly statistically significant. Using the box counting method, for each of the 54 particles of each family, the average fractal dimension was 1.90 ± 0.02 for flocs and 1.95 ± 0.01 for granules (±99% confidence interval). The log-log plot of area vs longest size was linear and the calculated fractal dimensions from this plot were 1.84 ± 0.13 and 2.14 ± 0.08 (±99% confidence interval) for flocs and granules, respectively. Fractal dimension was proven to be a suitable parameter to quantify and differentiate surface roughness of different microbial aggregates present in high rate anaerobic digesters.
Adverse Effect of Heparin on Thrombin Inactivation (1975)

In the presence of heparin thrombin, although fast inactivated, impairs the inhibitory capacity of antithrombin III, in result of which the final amount of neutralized enzyme markedly decreases. This adverse effect of heparin was found during the reaction of purified thrombin with both purified human antithrombin III and native plasma hepariniz purified thrombin with both purified human antithrombin III and native plasma heparinized in vitro or in vivo. In the absence of heparin, at concentration equal to that in normal plasma antithrombin III binds 450 Iowa units of thrombin; in the presence of heparin (at 1 unit concentration) this binding is reduced to 145 thrombin units. A fast depletion of inhibitory capacity is also evident after a stepwise addition of thrombin in small installments into a medium containing antithrombin III and heparin. Portions of enzyme initially added disappear with great velocity; subsequent additions, however, accumulate building up a high thrombin level not seen in the absence of heparin. The escalation of thrombin is reversely proportional to the reacting antithrombin III level, thus especially noticeable in antithrombin III deficient plasma. Residual thrombin left in the presence of heparin disappears at a fast rate upon a new addition of antithrombin III. No decrease in anticoagulant properties of heparin is observed during these interactions. Binding of factor Xa to antithrombin III which reacted with thrombin and heparin is also decreased or abolished. These results indicate that in the presence of heparin thrombin not only exposes rapidly a binding site on the inhibitor, but also causes a further change leading to the deletion of antithrombin III binding properties. This may explain adverse, thrombotic effect of heparin sporadically seen in vivo, and suggests that heparin should be applied with caution in patients with antithrombin III deficiency.
An Investigation into Logical Optimization of Relational Query Languages (1984)

The motivation for this paper comes from an extensive study on relational database optimization techniques applied to query languages. Its aim is to give an introduction to query language optimization and to outline some of the techniques that can be used to improve the performance of a relational database. This investigation also discusses the complexity of maximal optimization and gives certain heuristic measures which lead to better performance in answering queries put to a database.
Printflatables (2017)

Printflatables is a design and fabrication system for human-scale, functional and dynamic inflatable objects. We use inextensible thermoplastic fabric as the raw material with the key principle of introducing folds and thermal sealing. Upon inflation, the sealed object takes the expected three dimensional shape. The workflow begins with the user specifying an intended 3D model which is decomposed to two dimensional fabrication geometry. This forms the input for a numerically controlled thermal contact iron that seals layers of thermoplastic fabric. In this paper, we discuss the system design in detail, the pneumatic primitives that this technique enables and merits of being able to make large, functional and dynamic pneumatic artifacts. We demonstrate the design output through multiple objects which could motivate fabrication of inflatable media and pressure-based interfaces.
Pulsed electromagnetic fields alter phenotypic expression in chondroblasts in tissue culture (1988)

We hypothesize that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) alter phenotypic expression of chondroblasts by promoting the production of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and altering the structure of proteoglycans. Chondroblasts from the hypertrophic zone of tibial epiphyses (HC), sternum (SC), and skin fibroblasts (F) were cultured from 16 day chick embryos. Cultures were randomly designated control (C) or experimental (E). E received PEMF for 24 h in a 6 h on, 6 h rest sequence. The controls were in the same incubator shielded by Mu metal. Assays for AP activity were performed and normalized to protein content. Proteoglycan synthesis assay involved labeling with 35S fractionating in a 5% to 20% surcrose gradient determining total protein and chondroitin sulfate content. PEMF showed no change of AP activity on F. A high AP basal activity was found in HC, but was not increased above the control. PEMF increased AP in the SC samples (E/C ratio). The sucrose gradient data showed a shift in peaks for SC only altering the ratio of carbohydrate to protein for the SC. Analysis of carbohydrate and protein indicated that the effect was decreased synthesis or degradation of protein. We conclude that PEMF alters the phenotypic expression of sternal chondroblasts in our in vitro system.