gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is there a Relation between <i>Chlamydia</i> Infection and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis? (2003)

Over the past two decades, a number of studies have failed to provide direct evidence of specific microbial chronic infection in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). However, a recent report suggests that there is a specific association of Chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with PBC and that C. pneumoniae or similar antigens might play a role in the pathogenesis of disease. To determine if Chlamydia infection is associated with PBC, we applied a combination of immunological and molecular approaches to investigate (a) the serological reactivity against two common Chlamydia human pathogens, C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis, by immunoblotting, (b) the presence of Chlamydia in liver samples of patients with PBC and controls by PCR amplification of Chlamydia specific 16S rRNA and (c) the presence of Chlamydia proteins in liver samples of patients with PBC and controls by immunohistochemical staining. By immunoblotting, C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae specific serological antibodies were found in 52/57 (91.2%) AMA positive PBC, 7/33 (21/2%) of AMA negative PBC, 1/25 (4%) PSC, 0/15 (0%) Sjorgen's syndrome and 0/20 (0%) systemic lupus erythematosus patients and 0/20 (0%) healthy volunteers at 1:200 sera dilution. PBC sera reacted to Chlamydia and E. coli lysates in western blots up to a maximum of 10(-4) dilution. However, PCR amplification of the Chlamydia specific 16S rRNA gene was negative in 25/25 PBC livers but positive in 1/4 PSC liver, 3/6 in other liver disease controls and 1/4 normal liver samples. While two commercially available specific monoclonal antibodies stained positive controls (Chlamydia infected HEp-2 cells) they failed to detect Chlamydia antigens in PBC livers. The detection of Chlamydia specific antibodies but not Chlamydia rRNA gene and Chlamydia antigens in PBC suggests that Chlamydia infection is not involved in PBC.
ALDH Activity Selectively Defines an Enhanced Tumor-Initiating Cell Population Relative to CD133 Expression in Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (2011)

We conclude that, in contrast to some previous studies, cell populations enriched for high ALDH activity alone are sufficient for efficient tumor-initiation with enhanced tumorigenic potential relative to CD133(+) and ALDH(low) cell populations in some direct xenograft tumors. Although cell populations enriched for CD133 expression may alone possess tumorigenic potential, they are significantly less tumorigenic than ALDH(high) cell populations. ALDH(high)/CD44(+)/CD24(+) or ALDH(low)/CD44(+)/CD24(+) phenotypes do not appear to significantly contribute to tumor formation at low numbers of inoculated tumor cells. ALDH expression broadly varies among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and the apparent expression is recapitulated in serial generations of direct xenograft tumors in NOD/SCID. We have thus identified a distinct population of TICs that should lead to identification of novel targets for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Induced Plant Responses to Herbivory (1989)

Species distribution models (SDMs) are numerical tools that combine observations of species occurrence or abundance with environmental estimates. They are used to gain ecological and evolutionary insights and to predict distributions across landscapes, ...Read More
Characterization of the Surface of a Citrate-Reduced Colloid Optimized for Use as a Substrate for Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of the Surface of a Citrate-Reduced Colloid Optimized for Use as a Substrate for Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman ScatteringC. H. Munro, W. E. Smith, M. Garner, J. Clarkson, and P. C. WhiteCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 10, 3712–3720Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00010a021https://doi.org/10.1021/la00010a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5375Altmetric-Citations504LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New Record Pangrammatic Windows (2002)

Most readers of Word Ways are familiar with the "accidental pangram" problem, which is to find a short 'window' (block of contiguous text) in published text that, but accident rather than deliberation, contains each letter of the alphabet at least once. The record for the shortest known accidental pangram in English has stood for 95 years, as it was reported in print by A. Cyril Pearson in The Twentieth Century Standard Puzzle Book, published in 1907. It is from The Beth Book, a popular 1897 novel by Sarah Grand (republished as recently as 1980 by The Dial Press).
Plasma exudation and solute absorption across the airway mucosa (1993)

The airway mucosa responds to inflammatory provocations with bulk exudation of plasma into the airway tissue (vascular exudation) and lumen (mucosal exudation). The intensity and time course of the exudative response can be relevantly examined by sampling and analysing airway surface liquids, because the luminal entry of plasma proteins/tracers promptly and quantitatively reflects the exudative response of the airways. The process of mucosal exudation of plasma is a prominent feature of airway inflammation and has been demonstrated in rhinitis, asthma, and bronchitis. Inflammatory mediators and allergen produce mucosal exudation of plasma into the airway lumen (outward permeability) whereas the solute absorption across the mucosa (inward permeability) is unaffected. Hence, in contrast to current views, we have demonstrated that in airway inflammation the solute absorption across the airway mucosa is not increased. The findings suggest the plasma exudation response also as a first line respiratory mucosal defence, allowing potent plasma protein systems to appear on an airway mucosa functionally intact as a barrier toward undue luminal material. Our data on plasma exudation and solute absorption across the mucosa of upper and lower airways further suggest the human nasal airways as a model relevant also for the tracheobronchial airways.
Deposition and Microstructure of Vapor‐Deposited Silicon Carbide (1968)

Vapor deposition of Sic from methyltrichlorosilane in a fluidized bed and the microstructure of the deposit were studied over a range of deposition temperatures, carrier gas flow rates, and reactant fluxes. The rate‐determining factor for the deposition of Sic was the rate of supply of reactant. The microstructure of vapor‐deposited Sic was primarily dependent on the deposition temperature; however, carrier gas flow rate and reactant flux had a secondary influence on microstructure. At low temperatures and high carrier gas flow rates, laminar deposits containing excess silicon were produced. At higher temperatures and lower carrier gas flow rates deposits were characterized by faulted columnar grains. The grain diameter increased from about LP at 1400°C to about 15 μ at 1800°C. The grain size also increased, but less markedly, with increasing reactant flux. The deposits characterized by columnar grains were predominantly β‐Sic with traces of a‐SiC and excess carbon.
Rôle du syndicalisme dans la vie politique (2014)

L'action politique des syndicats ouvriers est souvent mal comprise. L'auteur décrit les formes qu'elle peut prendre dans notre système démocratique et en admet deux: l'orientation et l'action directe non-partisane. Il rejette l'action directe partisane.
Application of Natural Killer T Cells in Antitumor Immunotherapy (2007)

NKT cells are a unique subset of T cells that recognize glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules. NKT cells have the potential to produce key cytokines of both Th1 and Th2 T cells and are involved in the control of several types of immune response. Furthermore, NKT cells perform spontaneous tumor immunosurveillance. Upon specific activation with alpha-GalCer, NKT cells show strong antitumor immune responses through direct cytotoxicity and indirect activation of a cascade of antitumor effector cells such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. In addition to alpha-GalCer, many other CD1d ligands, including self and bacterial glycolipids and modified synthetic glycolipid antigens, have also been discovered. Structurally different glycolipid antigens have the distinct ability to activate NKT cells. Thus, it seems that we are now close to a position in which we can control the activation status of NKT cells; this makes NKT cells an ideal target of anticancer immunotherapies. Clinical trials with soluble alpha-GalCer or alpha-GalCer-pulsed dendritic cells aimed at in vivo reconstitution and activation of human NKT cells have provided both promising and challenging results. In this review, we discuss NKT-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses, as well as the early outcomes and implications of recent clinical studies.
Somatic cell hybrids producing antibodies specific to human fibronectin (1980)

We have produced somatic cell hybrids between mouse plasocytoma cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (P3 x 63 Ag8) and spleen cells derived from mice immunized with purified human plasma fibronectin. We report herein the properties of monoclonal anti-fibronectin antibodies released by eight different clones.
Electronic sputtering and desorption effects in TOF-SIMS studies using slow highly charged ions like Au{sup 69+} (1996)

Secondary ion yields from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and SiO{sub 2} (native oxide on float zone silicon) targets at impact of slow (v {approx} 0.3 v{sub bohr}) highly charged ions have been measured by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). A direct comparison of collisional and electronic effects in secondary ion production using a beam of charge state equilibrated 300 keV Xe{sup 1+} shows a secondary ion yield increase with incident ion charge of {>=}100.
Scale invariant feature transform in adaptive radiation therapy: a tool for deformable image registration assessment and re-planning indication (2012)

Adaptive radiation therapy (ART) aims at compensating for anatomic and pathological changes to improve delivery along a treatment fraction sequence. Current ART protocols require time-consuming manual updating of all volumes of interest on the images acquired during treatment. Deformable image registration (DIR) and contour propagation stand as a state of the ART method to automate the process, but the lack of DIR quality control methods hinder an introduction into clinical practice. We investigated the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) method as a quantitative automated tool (1) for DIR evaluation and (2) for re-planning decision-making in the framework of ART treatments. As a preliminary test, SIFT invariance properties at shape-preserving and deformable transformations were studied on a computational phantom, granting residual matching errors below the voxel dimension. Then a clinical dataset composed of 19 head and neck ART patients was used to quantify the performance in ART treatments. For the goal (1) results demonstrated SIFT potential as an operator-independent DIR quality assessment metric. We measured DIR group systematic residual errors up to 0.66 mm against 1.35 mm provided by rigid registration. The group systematic errors of both bony and all other structures were also analyzed, attesting the presence of anatomical deformations. The correct automated identification of 18 patients who might benefit from ART out of the total 22 cases using SIFT demonstrated its capabilities toward goal (2) achievement.
The bare bones (1992)

Pamela Brown explains what nurses can do to help sufferers of osteoporosis and to raise awareness of the condition
Evolution of Nanowire Transmons and Their Quantum Coherence in Magnetic Field (2017)

We present an experimental study of nanowire transmons at zero and applied in-plane magnetic field. With Josephson non-linearities provided by the nanowires, our qubits operate at higher magnetic fields than standard transmons. Nanowire transmons exhibit coherence up to 70 mT, where the induced superconducting gap in the nanowire closes. We demonstrate that on-chip charge noise coupling to the Josephson energy plays a dominant role in the qubit dephasing. This takes the form of strongly-coupled two-level systems switching on 100 ms timescales and a more weakly coupled background producing $1/f$ noise. Several observations, including the field dependence of qubit energy relaxation and dephasing, are not fully understood, inviting further experimental investigation and theory. Using nanowires with a thinner superconducting shell will enable operation of these circuits up to 0.5 T, a regime relevant for topological quantum computation.
A micropower CMOS, direct-conversion, VLF receiver chip for magnetic-field wireless applications (2002)

A micropower CMOS, direct-conversion VLF receiver is described for receiving low-level magnetic fields from resonant sensors. The single-chip, PLL-synthesized receiver covers a frequency range of 10-100 kHz and provides both analog and digital 9-bit I and Q baseband outputs. Lateral bipolar transistors are utilized for low flicker noise and low DC offsets, and special attention is given to isolating the internal local oscillator signals from the low-level RF input (0.3 /spl mu/V noise floor, 300 Hz BW). The 100% duty-cycle receiver, intended for long-battery life wireless applications, operates at 360 /spl mu/W from a 6-V battery.
Dense planar SLAM (2014)

Using higher-level entities during mapping has the potential to improve camera localisation performance and give substantial perception capabilities to real-time 3D SLAM systems. We present an efficient new real-time approach which densely maps an environment using bounded planes and surfels extracted from depth images (like those produced by RGB-D sensors or dense multi-view stereo reconstruction). Our method offers the every-pixel descriptive power of the latest dense SLAM approaches, but takes advantage directly of the planarity of many parts of real-world scenes via a data-driven process to directly regularize planar regions and represent their accurate extent efficiently using an occupancy approach with on-line compression. Large areas can be mapped efficiently and with useful semantic planar structure which enables intuitive and useful AR applications such as using any wall or other planar surface in a scene to display a user's content.
Caching support for push-pull data dissemination using data-snooping routers (2004)

Internet applications such as the HTTP-Web, audio-video streaming and file sharing depend on wide-area data dissemination. Clients of these applications suffer from long delays due to network queuing, bandwidth limitations and adverse effects of bandwidth sharing between different traffic. Caching reduces delays and saves network bandwidth by holding the fetched data and responding to the subsequent requests locally. Existing distributed caching solutions are application-specific and do not support delivery in the push-pull directions at the same time. Our proposed architecture, called storage embedded networks, gives application-and direction-independent caching support by using memory-embedded, data-snooping routers. These router caches can act both as a client proxy and a server accelerator. We compare our architecture to the Web caches operating in forward proxy mode. We report additional reductions in client response times and server loads over proxies using the same cache sizes.
Text Mining for Drugs and Chemical Compounds: Methods, Tools and Applications (2011)

Providing prior knowledge about biological properties of chemicals, such as kinetic values, protein targets, or toxic effects, can facilitate many aspects of drug development. Chemical information is rapidly accumulating in all sorts of free text documents like patents, industry reports, or scientific articles, which has motivated the development of specifically tailored text mining applications. Despite the potential gains, chemical text mining still faces significant challenges. One of the most salient is the recognition of chemical entities mentioned in text. To help practitioners contribute to this area, a good portion of this review is devoted to this issue, and presents the basic concepts and principles underlying the main strategies. The technical details are introduced and accompanied by relevant bibliographic references. Other tasks discussed are retrieving relevant articles, identifying relationships between chemicals and other entities, or determining the chemical structures of chemicals mentioned in text. This review also introduces a number of published applications that can be used to build pipelines in topics like drug side effects, toxicity, and protein-disease-compound network analysis. We conclude the review with an outlook on how we expect the field to evolve, discussing its possibilities and its current limitations.
Activated human T cells directly induce osteoclastogenesis from human monocytes: Possible role of T cells in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis patients (2001)

The present study is the first to demonstrate osteoclastogenesis using human-derived T cells and monocytes. In addition, the present findings suggest that excess production of RANKL by activated T cells increases the level of sRANKL in synovial fluid and may contribute to osteoclastic bone resorption in RA patients.
A Combined In Vivo HSC Transduction/Selection Approach Results in Efficient and Stable Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Cells in Mice (2017)

We recently reported on an <i>in vivo</i> hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy approach. It involves the subcutaneous injections of G-CSF/AMD3100 to mobilize HSCs from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood stream and the intravenous injection of an integrating helper-dependent adenovirus vector system. HSCs transduced in the periphery homed back to the bone marrow, where they persisted long-term. However, high transgene marking rates found in primitive bone marrow HSCs were not reflected in peripheral blood cells. Here, we tested small-molecule drugs to achieve selective mobilization and transduction of HSCs. We found more efficient GFP marking in bone marrow HSCs but no increased marking in the peripheral blood cells. We then used an <i>in vivo</i> HSC chemo-selection based on a mutant of the O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (mgmt<sup>P140K</sup>) gene that confers resistance to O<sup>6</sup>-BG/BCNU and should give stably transduced HSCs a proliferation stimulus and allow for the selective survival and expansion of progeny cells. Short-term exposure of G-CSF/AMD3100-mobilized, <i>in vivo</i>-transduced mice to relatively low selection drug doses resulted in stable GFP expression in up to 80% of peripheral blood cells. Overall, the further improvement of our <i>in vivo</i> HSC transduction approach creates the basis for a simpler HSC gene therapy.
Syntheses and kinetic studies of cyclisation-based self-immolative spacers (2017)

Kinetic analysis of the disassembly of self-immolative spacers based on cyclisation processes was performed. Five compounds were synthesized belonging to two different series, and their kinetic constants were determined. Electron-donating substituents gave a slight acceleration but the main effect was steric, and the Thorpe-Ingold effect was indeed particularly effective. Comparison with the self-immolative spacers based on elimination processes showed that cyclisations gave comparable or lower rate, but the corresponding spacers are more difficult to modulate.
Scintillation properties of GSO (1990)

The timing properties of Gd/sub 2/SiO/sub 5/:Ce (GSO) single-crystal scintillators have previously been evaluated for positron emission tomography applications. The measured time resolution, however, was worse than expected from calculations based on photoelectron yield and a 60-ns exponential decay constant, leading the authors to further investigate GSO's basic properties. With a time-correlated-single-photon technique, they found two decay components, one of 56 ns and one of 600 ns, the latter containing 10-15% of the total scintillation output. This may explain the difference between the experimental and theoretical time resolutions and confirms a previous hypothesis of a long decay component. In addition, it was found that the decay constant of each component strongly depends on the cerium concentration. The primary component varies from approximately 20 ns to approximately 190 ns and the secondary component varies from approximately 70 ns to approximately 1200 ns as the cerium concentration is varied from 5.0 mol.% to 0.1 mol.%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Editorial: SOBRE vol. 3 (2017)

Con este nuevo número de la revista Sobre. Prácticas artísticas y políticas de la edición cumplimos tres años desde que, impulsados por el desarrollo de un proyecto de investigación concedido por el Campus de Excelencia BioTic de la Universidad de Granada, decidimos emprender la aventura de coordinar un espacio editorial periódico que atravesara el eje común de interés que teníamos las personas vinculadas a él: la edición como lenguaje y modo de transmisión vinculado al desarrollo de las prácticas artísticas contemporáneas.
Survival in Patients with Primary Pulmonary Hypertension (1991)

Mortality was most closely associated with right ventricular hemodynamic function and can be characterized by means of an equation using three variables: mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean right atrial pressure, and cardiac index. Such an equation, once validated prospectively, could be used as an adjunct in planning treatment strategies and allocating medical resources.
Extraction of Recommendation Features in Radiology with Natural Language Processing: Exploratory Study (2008)

Accurate determination of recommended imaging techniques and time frames in a large database of radiology reports is possible with a natural language processing program. Most imaging recommendations are for high-cost but more accurate radiologic studies.
MONITORING AREA CONTROL (1975)

Two methods for monitoring area traffic control are described, and the results of trials of these methods are presented. The first method, which assumes a correlation between the mean speed of a traffic stream and the recorded mean speed of buses within the stream, uses timing instruments fitted to buses to record the journey-time and stopped times. Calibration against conventional moving car observations is reported to show good correlations but emphasises the need for local calibration trials. A photogrammetric method using aerial time lapse photographs is also described. The main feature of the method lies in the method of analysis which uses a stereoscope to relate vehicle speeds to their apparent height above ground level. The theory of the method is presented, the effects of gradients discussed and the sources of possible inaccuracies are listed. The results obtained using the method are compared with the results of a licence plate survey. /TRRL/