gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-chip decoupling capacitor optimization for noise and leakage reduction (2004)

On-chip decoupling capacitors are widely used in today's high-performance microprocessor design to mitigate the power supply noise problem. The continued reduction of oxide thickness in advanced nanotechnology, however, also significantly increases the tunneling current and leakage power of thin-oxide capacitors. This paper describes the modeling and simulation of a complete chip and package power supply distribution network, and the optimization of the placement of thin-oxide and thick-oxide capacitors to reduce the tunneling current, leakage power, and burn-in cost, while limiting the power supply noise within a noise margin.
Containerless protein crystal growth technology: Electrostatic multidrop positioner (1990)

A brief discussion of containerless protein crystal growth in space and a diagram of the electrostatic multidrop positioner are presented. A picture of lysome crystals growing in a drop and a graph of levitation voltage versus time (minutes) are also presented.
Computing and Evaluating Syntactic Complexity Features for Automated Scoring of Spontaneous Non-Native Speech (2011)

This paper focuses on identifying, extracting and evaluating features related to syntactic complexity of spontaneous spoken responses as part of an effort to expand the current feature set of an automated speech scoring system in order to cover additional aspects considered important in the construct of communicative competence. Our goal is to find effective features, selected from a large set of features proposed previously and some new features designed in analogous ways from a syntactic complexity perspective that correlate well with human ratings of the same spoken responses, and to build automatic scoring models based on the most promising features by using machine learning methods. On human transcriptions with manually annotated clause and sentence boundaries, our best scoring model achieves an overall Pearson correlation with human rater scores of r=0.49 on an unseen test set, whereas correlations of models using sentence or clause boundaries from automated classifiers are around r=0.2. 1
Design Calculations and Measurements of a Dipole Magnet with Permendur Pole Pieces (1989)

A redesign of the SLC South Linac-to-Ring beam line required that the width of a good field of three of the bending magnets be increased while utilizing the same yoke and coils. Further requirements were that the resulting magnets should have the same strength at two different operating currents as the original magnets. The idea of replacing the steel poles with pole pieces of the high permeability material Permendur was investigated. Design calculations were done using TOSCA and POISSON. An existing prototype magnet was modified with Permendur poles, and magnetic measurements were done. The new magnets were completed, and measurements agreed well with the calculations. 4 refs., 14 figs.
Mass Spectrometry “Sensor” for<i>in Vivo</i>Acetylcholine Monitoring (2012)

Developing sensors for in vivo chemical monitoring is a daunting challenge. An alternative approach is to couple sampling methods with online analytical techniques; however, such approaches are generally hampered by lower temporal resolution and slow analysis. In this work, microdialysis sampling was coupled with segmented flow electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to perform in vivo chemical monitoring. The use of segmented flow to prevent Taylor dispersion of collected zones and rapid analysis with direct ESI-MS allowed 5 s temporal resolution to be achieved. The MS "sensor" was applied to monitor acetylcholine in the brain of live rats. The detection limit of 5 nM was sufficient to monitor basal acetylcholine as well as dynamic changes elicited by microinjection of neostigmine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, that evoked rapid increases in acetycholine and tetrodotoxin, a blocker of Na(+) channels, that lowered the acetylcholine concentration. The versatility of the sensor was demonstrated by simultaneously monitoring metabolites and infused drugs.
A bandwidth-power efficient modulation scheme based on quaternary quasi-orthogonal sequences (2003)

A novel modulation scheme suitable for noncoherent demodulation based on quaternary quasi-orthogonal sequences is proposed. Compared to orthogonal modulation, the controlled quasi-orthogonality between the sequences allows significantly increased bandwidth efficiency with little or no degradation in power efficiency. A hardware efficient demodulator structure using fast Walsh transforms is also presented.
Persistent Contextual Neural Networks for learning symbolic data sequences. (2013)

We introduce persistent contextual neural networks (PCNNs) as a probabilistic model for learning symbolic data sequences, aimed at discovering complex algorithmic dependencies in the sequence. PCNNs are similar to recurrent neural networks but feature an architecture inspired by finite automata and a modified time evolution to better model memory effects. An effective training procedure using a gradient ascent in a metric inspired by Riemannian geometry is developed: this produces an algorithm independent from design choices such as the encoding of parameters and unit activities. This metric gradient ascent is designed to have an algorithmic cost close to backpropagation through time for sparsely connected networks. PCNNs are demonstrated to effectively capture a variety of complex algorithmic constraints on hard synthetic problems: basic block nesting as in context-free grammars (an important feature of natural languages, but difficult to learn), intersections of multiple independent Markovtype relations, or long-distance relationships such as the distant-XOR problem. On this problem, PCNNs perform better than more complex state-of-the-art algorithms. Thanks to the metric update, fewer gradient steps and training samples are needed: for instance, a generating model for sequences of the form
SHAPE-BASED ADULT IMAGE DETECTION (2006)

This paper investigates adult images detection based on the shape features of skin regions. In order to accurately detect skin regions, we propose a skin detection method using multi-Bayes classifiers in the paper. Based on skin color detection results, shape features are extracted and fed into a boosted classifier to decide whether or not the skin regions represent a nude. We evaluate adult image detection performance using different boosted classifiers and different shape descriptors. Experimental results show that classification using boosted C4.5 classifier and combination of different shape descriptors outperforms other classification schemes.
A Doublesided Cycloconverter (1981)

A power converter with reversible power flow, which transforms polyphase ac or dc power of one form and voltage level to ac or dc power of another form and voltage level, is presented. Use of a modulated high-frequency link between two sets of matrices of switches at the output terminals allows the application of active filtering processes and the elimination of all low-frequency filters and transformers; it allows, furthermore, arbitrary and independent programming of the power factors at the two ports. Low weight and cost of apparatus is enhanced by the time proven reliability of its significant functional elements. The potential for the construction of megawatt capacity systems is derived from experience with the basic class of these converters and is reinforced by the report of reduction to practice of some of the described techniques in the form of a 3-kW model in a companion paper [15].
Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of Molecular Excitons (2009)

Understanding of the nuclear and electronic structure and dynamics of molecular systems has advanced considerably through probing the nonlinear response of molecules to sequences of pulsed electromagnetic fields. The ability to control various degrees of freedom of the excitation pulses-such as duration, sequence, frequency, polarization, and shape-has led to a variety of time-resolved spectroscopic methods. The various techniques that researchers use are commonly classified by their dimensionality, which refers to the number of independently variable time delays between the pulsed fields that induce the signal. Though pico- and femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopies of electronic transitions have come of age, only recently have researchers been able to perform two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2D-ES) in the visible frequency regime and correlate transition frequencies that evolve in different time intervals. The two-dimensional correlation plots and their temporal evolution allow one to access spectral information that is not exposed directly in other one-dimensional nonlinear methods. In this Account, we summarize our studies of a series of increasingly complex molecular chromophores. We examine noninteracting dye molecules, a monomer-dimer equilibrium of a prototypical dye molecule, and finally a supramolecular assembly of electronically coupled absorbers. By tracing vibronic signal modulations, differentiating line-broadening mechanisms, analyzing distinctly different relaxation dynamics, determining electronic coupling strengths, and directly following excitation energy transfer pathways, we illustrate how two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy can image physical phenomena that underlie the optical response of a particular system. Although 2D-ES is far from being a "turn-key" method, we expect that experimental progress and potential commercialization of instrumentation will make 2D-ES accessible to a much broader scientific audience, analogous to the development of multidimensional NMR and 2D-IR.
The Pharmacology of Experimental Myopathies (1977)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Virtual Reality Technology: A Tutorial (1992)

Journal Article Virtual Reality Technology: A Tutorial Get access Frank Biocca Frank Biocca 1Frank Biocca is an associate professor and director of the Center for Research in Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 42, Issue 4, December 1992, Pages 23–72, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1992.tb00811.x Published: 07 February 2006
Gassification of a Plastic Waste in a Pilot Fluidized Bed Reactor (2007)

A recycled polyethylene was fed in a pilot plant bubbling fluidized bed gasifier, having a maximum feeding capacity of 60kg/h. The experimental runs were carried out under various operating conditions: the bed temperature was kept at about 850°C, the equivalence ratio varied between 0.2 and 0.35, the fluidizing velocity between 0.5 and 0.7m/s, quartz sand and olivine were used as bed material while air and steam were used as fluidizing reactants. The results confirm the flexibility of fluidized bed gasification process that can produce syngas of remarkable different composition by varying the operating conditions. Extremely interesting is the possibility to obtain a strong reduction of tar content by using a catalyst as active bed additive inside the gasifier itself during the process.
N-METHYL-N-PHENYLALKYL-AMINO-ALKYL BENZOATES AND PARA-AMINOBENZOATES (1931)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-METHYL-N-PHENYLALKYL-AMINO-ALKYL BENZOATES AND PARA-AMINOBENZOATESArthur C. Cope and S. M. McElvainCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1931, 53, 4, 1587–1594Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1931Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1931https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01355a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01355a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase/PARP1 and PARP2 identified using a cell-based screen in yeast. (2001)

Multicellular organisms must have means of preserving their genomic integrity or face catastrophic consequences such as uncontrolled cell proliferation or massive cell death. One response is a modification of nuclear proteins by the addition and removal of polymers of ADP-ribose that modulate the properties of DNA-binding proteins involved in DNA repair and metabolism. These ADP-ribose units are added by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and removed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. Although budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not possess proteins with significant sequence similarity to the human PARP family of proteins, we identified novel small molecule inhibitors against two family members, PARP1 and PARP2, using a cell-based assay in yeast. The assay was based on the reversal of growth inhibition caused by the heterologous expression of either PARP1 or PARP2. Validation of the assay was achieved by showing that the growth inhibition was relieved by a mutation in a single residue in the catalytic site of PARP1 or PARP2 or exposure of yeast to a known PARP1 inhibitor, 6(5H)-phenanthridinone. In separate experiments, when a putative protein regulator of PARP activity, human poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, was coexpressed with PARP1 or PARP2, yeast growth was restored. Finally, the inhibitors identified by screening the yeast assay are active in a mammalian PARP biochemical assay and inhibit PARP1 and PARP2 activity in yeast cell extracts. Thus, our data reflect the strength of using yeast to identify small molecule inhibitors of therapeutically relevant gene families, including those that are not found in yeast, such as PARP. The resultant inhibitors have two critical uses (a) as leads for drug development and (b) as tools to dissect cellular function.
Role of extracellular signaling on endothelial cell proliferation and protein N‐glycosylation (1990)

In vitro studies of angiogenic phenomenon have been limited due to nonavailability of a simple and biologically relevant model of the capillary wall. Recent development of a capillary endothelial cell line from the vascular bed of bovine adrenal medulla made us to study the effect of heparin, thrombin, thyroxine, glucagon, insulin, and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on the proliferative and metabolic activities such as glycosylation of asparagine-linked glycoproteins of these cells in culture. Out of six different agents studied here, only heparin, thrombin, and thyroxine reduced the doubling time of these cells by 24 hr with no observed morphological abnormality. Glucagon, showed marginal reduction in the cell doubling time. By contrast, insulin and PMA enhanced the doubling time. Insulin treatment though induced the S phase of cell cycle but it blocked the cells entry into the G2 + M phase. PMA arrested the cells in G0/G1 phase. The cellular response to protein N-glycosylation is increased in the presence of thyroxine, insulin, and thrombin and the effect is dose dependent. Further analysis on SDS-PAGE indicated that glycosylation of 80-120 kDa and 43 kDa glycoprotein species are enhanced when these cells are treated with insulin and thrombin. Glycopeptide generated from these glycoproteins suggested that they all carry "high mannose" and "complex" type oligosaccharide chains attached to their protein core.
West Nile Outbreak in Horses in Southern France, 2000: The Return after 35 Years (2001)

On September 6, 2000, two cases of equine encephalitis caused by West Nile (WN) virus were reported in southern France (Hérault Province), near Camargue National Park, where a WN outbreak occurred in 1962. Through November 30, 76 cases were laboratory confirmed among 131 equines with neurologic disorders. The last confirmed case was on November 3, 2000. All but three cases were located in a region nicknamed "la petite Camargue," which has several large marshes, numerous colonies of migratory and resident birds, and large mosquito populations. No human case has been confirmed among clinically suspected patients, nor have abnormal deaths of birds been reported. A serosurvey has been undertaken in horses in the infected area, and other studies are in progress.
CHICAGO DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY (1938)

<h3>Lichen Planus Atrophicus et Sclerosus. Presented by Dr. Oliver S. Ormsby.</h3> L. C. C., a married woman aged 47, states that small white lesions developed on the chest near the left clavicle in the summer of 1936. New lesions developed in the vicinity and elsewhere during the next several months. There were no subjective sensations. There are patches of variable size below the clavicles, on the back of the neck and in the left cubital area. Patches are made up of flat white papules which vary in size from that of a pinhead to that of a match head. They are slightly umbilicated, and each has from one to five black points. These are either hyperkeratotic plugs or openings from which plugs have fallen. Individual discrete papules are present in addition to the patches. <h3>DISCUSSION</h3> Dr. Ruben Nomland, Iowa City: In spite of the fact that greater authorities
Prevalencia de tuberculosis pulmonar en el Hospital Sanatorio de Luanda. Enero-Junio 2012 (2013)

La Tuberculosis pulmonar es una de las enfermedades infecciosas mas prevalente en el mundo entero. Esta investigacion se realizo con el objetivo de caracterizar el comportamiento de la tuberculosis pulmonar en el hospital sanatorio de Luanda, Angola, de enero a junio del 2012, con un diseno metodologico descriptivo-retrospectivo de corte transversal. La muestra seleccionada fueron los 1 265 pacientes con estudios de esputo de secreciones respiratorias positivos a Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Las variables estudiadas fueron sexo, edad, meses del ano, lugar de residencia, resultados de los estudios microbiologicos y terapeutica utilizada. Se creo un modelo de recogida de informacion para la investigacion, los datos se almacenaron en una base de datos de excel y los resultados de muestran en tablas y graficos expresados en por cientos. Los principales resultados muestran que el mes del ano con mayor incidencia de tuberculosis pulmonar fue el mes de marzo con 19.1%, por lugar de residencias, resulto el barrio de Cazenga el mas afectado con 32.0%, por ser uno de los barrios mas insalubres de Luanda, siendo el mas poblado y con mas hacinamientos . Predomino la enfermedad en el grupo de edades de 21 a 34 con el 40.3% y en el sexo masculino en el 55.0%, lo cual se corresponde esto ultimo con lo citado por otros autores.
Behavior of confluent endothelial cells after irradiation. Modulation of wound repair by heparin and acidic fibroblast growth factor (1990)

Image analysis was used to study the repair process of a circular mechanical lesion of confluent human endothelial cells in culture after irradiation (10 Gy) prior to wounding. Coverage of denuded areas 48 and 96 h after injury of endothelial cells was identical in control and irradiated cultures, although the labeling index was lowered by 80 to 95% in irradiated cultures. The cell density of non damaged irradiated areas was decreased by 50%. When cultures were submitted to increasing doses of radiation (5.0-30 Gy), the labeling index of the cells diminished rapidly between 0 and 5.0 Gy and reached a plateau at 10 Gy. The decrease in cell density (50% of control at 96 h) was identical at each dose of radiation. Thus cell migration alone could be sufficient for the repair of the lesion, while cell proliferation would mainly maintain the original cell density. The addition of heparin to the culture medium slowed down cell migration and proliferation, but the speed of repair was identical in irradiated and non-irradiated cultures. Acidic fibroblast growth factor plus heparin accelerated equally the repair process whether the cultures were irradiated or not. In irradiated cultures the presence of acidic fibroblast growth factor and heparin maintained cell density in confluent areas at a level similar to that in non-irradiated damaged control cultures without addition of mitogens. Thus heparin and acidic fibroblast growth factor play a role in cell proliferation, in the maintenance of the cell monolayer integrity and in restoring a continuous layer by rapid cell migration and elongation after irradiation.
[Study on adscription of plasma effective constituents of rat after administrated with Paeonia lacliflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis compound]. (2007)

This method is simple, accurate and stable, it could be used to analyze plasma effective constituents of P. lacliflora and G. uralensis compound. Affirmation of plasma effective compounds is the basis of to explore active compounds of P. lacliflora and G. uralensis compound.
Introduction: Music, Memory, and History (2013)

In the spring of 1936, John Handcox could have easily become another black man lynched in the Mississippi River Delta region of eastern Arkansas. Instead, he fled to Memphis and went on to do more organizing for the Southern Tenant Farmers Union (STFU). Sometimes publishing under the pen name of John Henry, the mythical steel-driving man portrayed in one of America’s best-known “folk” ballads, he wrote a score of powerful songs and poems on the union’s behalf. In the spring of 1937, John sang his songs and recited his poetry for Charles Seeger and Sydney Robertson at the Library of Congress. It is largely due to these recordings, and Pete Seeger’s discovery of them, that we even know that John existed. In 1940, Pete, Woody Guthrie, and Alan Lomax gathered some of John’s work into an indispensable book of depression-era songs. The manuscript got lost for nearly 30 years, but finally appeared in print in 1967 as Hard-Hitting Songs for Hard-Hit People. John, presumed dead, missed the “folk music” boom of that era, but nearly 50 years after the Library of Congress recordings, almost like the proverbial John Henry, he reappeared, as Pete tells us in his preface. This book is one of the results.1
Invited Review Article: Imaging techniques for harmonic and multiphoton absorption fluorescence microscopy (2009)

We review the current state of multiphoton microscopy. In particular, the requirements and limitations associated with high-speed multiphoton imaging are considered. A description of the different scanning technologies such as line scan, multifoci approaches, multidepth microscopy, and novel detection techniques is given. The main nonlinear optical contrast mechanisms employed in microscopy are reviewed, namely, multiphoton excitation fluorescence, second harmonic generation, and third harmonic generation. Techniques for optimizing these nonlinear mechanisms through a careful measurement of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the focal volume are discussed, and a brief summary of photobleaching effects is provided. Finally, we consider three new applications of multiphoton microscopy: nonlinear imaging in microfluidics as applied to chemical analysis and the use of two-photon absorption and self-phase modulation as contrast mechanisms applied to imaging problems in the medical sciences.