gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinase-mediated RAS signaling via membraneless cytoplasmic protein granules (2019)

Summary Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated activation of downstream effector pathways such as the RAS GTPase/MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade is thought to occur exclusively from lipid membrane compartments in mammalian cells. Here, we uncover a membraneless, protein granule-based subcellular structure that can organize RTK/RAS/MAPK signaling in cancer. Chimeric (fusion) oncoproteins involving certain RTKs including ALK and RET undergo de novo higher-order assembly into membraneless cytoplasmic protein granules. These pathogenic biomolecular condensates locally concentrate the RAS activating complex GRB2/SOS1 and activate RAS in a lipid membrane-independent manner to initiate MAPK signaling. Formation of membraneless protein granules by RTK oncoproteins is both necessary and sufficient for RAS/MAPK signaling output in cells. Our findings reveal membraneless, higher-order cytoplasmic protein assembly as a distinct subcellular platform to activate RTKs and RAS GTPases and a general principle by which cells can organize oncogenic signaling. Highlights RTK oncoproteins can form de novo membraneless cytoplasmic protein granules RTK protein granules activate RAS in lipid membrane-independent manner Higher-order protein assembly is critical for oncogenic RAS/MAPK signaling Protein granules are a distinct subcellular platform for organizing RTK signaling
A Diffusion Model to Explain the Increase of Reaction Rate in Ultrasonic Cavitation (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Diffusion Model to Explain the Increase of Reaction Rate in Ultrasonic CavitationM. Seraj-ud DoulahCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1979, 18, 1, 76–78Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160069a017https://doi.org/10.1021/i160069a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Optimizing ETL processes in data warehouse environments (2005)

Extraction-Transformation-Loading (ETL) tools are pieces of software responsible for the extraction of data from several sources, their cleansing, customization and insertion into a data warehouse. Usually, these processes must be completed in a certain time window; thus, it is necessary to optimize their execution time. In this paper, we delve into the logical optimization of ETL processes, modeling it as a state-space search problem. We consider each ETL workflow as a state and fabricate the state space through a set of correct state transitions. Moreover, we provide algorithms towards the minimization of the execution cost of an ETL workflow.
Radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging at 0.5 Tesla of mechanically inducedosteoarthritis in rabbit knees (2004)

In the present experimental study we assessed induced osteoarthritis data in rabbits, compared three diagnostic methods, i.e., radiography (XR), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and correlated the imaging findings with those obtained by macroscopic evaluation. Ten young female rabbits of the Norfolk breed were used. Seven rabbits had the right knee immobilized in extension for a period of 12 weeks (immobilized group), and three others did not have a limb immobilized and were maintained under the same conditions (control group). Alterations observed by XR, CT and MRI after the period of immobilization were osteophytes, osteochondral lesions, increase and decrease of joint space, all of them present both in the immobilized and non-immobilized contralateral limbs. However, a significantly higher score was obtained for the immobilized limbs (XT: P = 0.016, CT: P = 0.031, MRI: P = 0.0156). All imaging methods were able to detect osteoarthritis changes after the 12 weeks of immobilization. Macroscopic evaluation identified increased thickening of joint capsule, proliferative and connective tissue in the femoropatellar joint, and irregularities of articular cartilage, especially in immobilized knees. The differences among XR, CT and MRI were not statistically significant for the immobilized knees. However, MRI using a 0.5 Tesla scanner was statistically different from CT and XR for the non-immobilized contralateral knees. We conclude that the three methods detected osteoarthritis lesions in rabbit knees, but MRI was less sensitive than XR and CT in detecting lesions compatible with initial osteoarthritis. Since none of the techniques revealed all the lesions, it is important to use all methods to establish an accurate diagnosis.
Effect of chemical additives on flow characteristics of coal slurries (2008)

In the present paper, the effect of chemical additives or reagents on rheological characteristics of coal� water slurry (CWS) was investigated. The powerlaw model was applied to determine the non� Newtonian properties of coal slurries. Three types of dispersants namely, sulphonic acid, sodium tri� polyphosphate and sodium carbonate were studied and tested at different concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.5% by weight from total solids. Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) and xan� than gum were tested as stabilizers at concentrations in the range of 0.05 to 0.25 % by weight from total solids. It was found that apparent viscosity and flow properties of CWS are sensitive to the use of chemical additives (dispersants and stabilizers). Among studied dispersing agents, sulphonic acid recorded the best performance in modification and reducing CWS viscosity. The best dosage of all tested dispersants was found to be as 0.75 % by wt of solids. With regard to studied stabilizers, Na� CMC recorded better performance than xanthan gum. The best dosage of investigated stabilizers was found to be as 0.1 % by wt. from total solids.
Micromechanical photonic integrated circuits (2002)

The ability to integrate micro-optical elements with movable structures and microactuators has opened up many new opportunities for optical and optoelectronic systems. It allows us to manipulate optical beams more effectively than conventional methods, and is scalable to large optical systems. Optical MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) have applications in display, sensing, and optical data storage. Recently, telecommunications have become the market driver for optical MEMS. Many different kinds of devices and systems have been reported, including optical switches, optical crossconnect wavelength division add/drop multiplexers, tunable filters/lasers/detectors, dispersion compensators and polarization dispersion compensators.
Development of an automotive radar model for implementation in a real-time multi-sensor simulator (2009)

An automotive radar simulator is proposed based upon FSK or FMCW radar. The goal is to obtain the time domain signal returned from targets before digitalization for data processing. The model should account for multi-target scenario, attenuation, multi reflections and noise.
Robot kinematic control based on bidirectional mapping neural network (1990)

The authors present a novel method of accomplishing robot kinematic control based on a bidirectional mapping neural network (BMNN). The BMNN constructed is composed of a multilayer feedforward network with hidden units having sinusoidal activation functions and a feedback network forming a recurrent loop around the feedforward network. The feedforward network can be trained to accurately represent the forward kinematic equations of a robot arm. The feedback network iteratively generates joint-angle updates based on a Lyapunov function to modify the current joint angles in such a way that the output of the forward network converges to the desired Cartesian position and orientation. The proposed BMNN offers the following advantages over the conventional approaches: (1) the accurate computation of robot forward and inverse kinematic solutions with simple training; (2) the ability to handle one-too-many inverse mapping required for redundant arm kinematics solutions; and (3) the automatic generation of arm trajectories. Simulation results are shown
Análise experimental de tensões de pás de bombas centrífugas (2007)

Este trabalho consiste na elaboração de um método de aquisição do sinal gerado pela deformação de em extensômetro resistivo, solidário a um ponto da pá do rotor fechado, de alumínio, de uma bomba centrífuga lenta. Para aquisição do sinal, foram utilizados anéis circulares de cobre, solidários ao eixo da bomba, e coletores semicirculares de cobre, estanhados internamente, fixos à carcaça da bomba. O conhecimento da microdeformação específica do extensômetro permite a determinação experimental das tensões mecânicas atuantes na pá do rotor, com e sem circulação de fluido. Para avaliar o resultado da microdeformação específica do extensômetro, obtida através de uma ponte amplificadora ligada a um microcomputador com conversor analógico/digital, foi feita a análise teórica de microdeformações e tensões mecânicas. Palavras-Chave: análise de tensões, extensometria, bombas centrífugas.
Biologicals and biological response modifiers: fourth modality of cancer treatment. (1984)

Considerable progress has been made in the last 5 years toward the development of specific biological approaches to the treatment of cancer. The techniques of genetic engineering, mass cell culture, and improved techniques in protein and nucleic acid sequencing and synthesis have made available biologicals as specific, highly purified molecules that can be used in cancer therapy. While extensive clinical trials are needed to demonstrate that biologicals and biological response modifiers can provide a survival advantage for patients with cancer, the preliminary data indicate that these approaches can be useful in inducing responses in patients with clinically apparent disease. Further studies with these approaches in conjunction with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy should be helpful in definitively establishing biologicals and biological response modifiers as the fourth modality of cancer treatment.
Hyperfine Structure Study of Several Lines of<sup>207</sup>Pb I – Part II (2005)

In our earlier experiment we measured hyperfine splittings of lines from the arrays 6p8s → 6p2 and 6p7s → 6p2 of Pb I. This time we have investigated lines belonging to the transition arrays: 6p7d → 6p2, 6p6d → 6p2, 6p8p → 6p7s. In the analysis of the spectra we used a computer simulation technique. Our experiment yields the following hyperfine splitting constants A: A(6p2 1D2) = (20.69 ± 0.21) mK, A(6p7s 3P1) = (293.93 ± 0.56) mK, A(6p6d 3F2) = (103.22 ± 0.31) mK, A(6p6d 3F3) = (69.12 ± 0.28) mK, A(6p8p 3P1) = (224.26 ± 1.37) mK, A(6p8p 3D2) = (108.02 ± 1.14) mK and A(6p7d 3D1) = (-100.86 ± 0.53) mK. Our results are compared with recent theory and other experiments.
Will DOTS do it? A reappraisal of tuberculosis control in countries with high rates of HIV infection. (1999)

In 1993 the WHO declared tuberculosis a global emergency, and subsequently introduced the DOTS strategy, a technical and management package based on earlier work of the IUATLD and international experience with directly observed therapy. Despite successful implementation of most of the elements of this strategy in several African countries and settings, tuberculosis case rates continue to escalate where the prevalence of HIV infection is high. We explore possible reasons for the failure to control tuberculosis even in the context of tuberculosis programmes that have been considered models for others to emulate. In many African countries half or more of tuberculosis patients are now HIV-infected; in such settings, the overall epidemiology of tuberculosis is disproportionately affected by what happens in the HIV-infected subpopulation of the community. Persons with HIV infection are at increased risk of rapid progression following primary infection or re-infection, and also from reactivation of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. More intensive strategies need to be targeted to the HIV-infected to interrupt on-going transmission (active and passive case detection; prevention of nosocomial transmission) and reactivation (preventive therapy). The high burden of other HIV-related disease in patients with tuberculosis, such as other bacterial infections, toxoplasmosis and other manifestations of AIDS, require that tuberculosis programmes integrate their activities better with those of HIV/AIDS programmes, including those for provision of HIV/AIDS care. Enhanced epidemiological surveillance is required to follow tuberculosis trends in the HIV-positive and negative sub-populations of communities, which may respond differently to control efforts. Strategies for tuberculosis control programmes in countries of high and low HIV prevalence cannot be the same, but must take into account the epidemiology of HIV infection. HIV/AIDS in Africa poses severe challenges of purpose and identity to tuberculosis control programmes, which have not adapted to the altered realities of the HIV/AIDS era. DOTS alone is unlikely to control tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa; one major achievement of DOTS when implemented, however, has been its apparent ability to limit the development and spread of drug resistance.
Eight-millimeter traveling-wave maser and maser-radiometer system (1965)

A low-noise K <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</inf> -band traveling-wave maser (TWM) has been developed that tunes over a very wide frequency range (35.4 to 40 Gc), has net gains of 20 db, an instantaneous bandwidth of 75 Mc, and noise temperature near 20°K. The maser uses chromium-doped rutile (Cr <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> :TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) as the active material. By employing push-pull pumping, a relatively low pump frequency (in the 4-mm band) is used. Dielectric slowing is obtained from a rutile-loaded waveguide structure which simultaneously generates the broad-band circular polarization for the ferrite isolators. The isolators used nickel and nickel of zinc ferrite and had reverse-to-forward loss ratios of 70 to 1 at liquid-helium temperature. The maser and associated components were packaged into an operational unit which is described. Design considerations and measured electrical characteristics are presented. The maser has been used to demonstrate a substantial sensitivity improvement in an 8-mm radiometer system.
Design and analyze the airborne satellite communication using phased array antenna for reliable communications (2013)

Airborne satellite communication is widely used for both civilian and military applications. For enhancing communication of ASC between aeroplane to satellites, phased array antenna should be employed. Satellite broadband capabilities are required with advent of commercial broadband satellite communication system and series for in-flight civil aircraft. ASC may enhance airline operation by providing in flight connectivity for live flight crew information and bringing live TV and high speed connection. In this paper the theoretical analysis of the design and simulation are presented for studying the effects of phased array antenna. A study on the airborne phased array antenna optimization for minimum side lobe level and establishing an efficient link between moving object (i.e. aeroplane) and satellites are presented. For tracking of an aeroplane via satellite on moving aeroplane, phased array antenna has been mounted on aircraft for reliable communication and information exchange between aeroplane to satellites by changing the phase direction according to the direction of moving planes. Phased array antenna provides the best communication regarding change the phase according to tracking of an object moving with reliable communication.
User interface guidelines for the control of interactive television systems via smart phone applications (2013)

There are a growing number of smart phone applications allowing the user to control their television, set-top box or other entertainment devices. The success of these applications is limited. Based on findings from media studies in Austria and France focusing on how people currently use their TV and iTV systems and associated devices, this article describes recommendations for the design of a smart phone application enabling users to control Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) systems including all connected entertainment devices. Recommendations include the need to allow users to control devices that are related to the IPTV experience (not only the set-top box or television set) and the focus on scenarios of usage like supporting listening to music, enjoying a movie or controlling the connected home. Based on similarities and differences found in the two samples, future smart phone applications for controlling TV will only succeed if they provide meaningful functionalities that satisfy the (varying) user needs, support personalisation and personal usage and respect the limitations of mobile phones with respect to possible parallel activities performed.
Single-Phase VSC Based SSSC for Subsynchronous Resonance Damping (2008)

In this paper, a novel control strategy for subsynchronous resonance (SSR) mitigation using a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) will be presented. The SSSC is constituted by three single-phase voltage source converters. SSR mitigation is obtained by increasing the network damping only at those frequencies that are critical for the turbine-generator shaft. This is achieved by controlling the subsynchronous component of the grid current to zero. Using the IEEE First benchmark model, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm when mitigating SSR due to torsional interaction and torque amplification effect will be shown.
Studies of the hemopoietic microenvironment. VIII andrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the murine spleen (1976)

Neurohistochemical techniques were used to confirm morphologically the distribution of adrenergic and cholinergic nerves to the splenic microvasculature. The results form the basis of this report. Using these methods, adrenergic innervation was observed only in the adventitia of arteries and arterioles. No cholinergic innervation was found in this site. No adrenergic or cholinergic innervation could be demonstrated to the channels of the red pulp, venules or veins. These data provided morphological evidence that in the murine spleen only splenic arteries and arterioles are innervated; and these have only an adrenergic innervation.
An Updated Fractional Flow Model of Low Salinity Water Flooding with Respect to the Impact of Salt Diffusion (2018)

Abstract Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF) is an emergent technology developed to increase oil recovery. Many laboratory tests of LSWF have been carried out since the 1990's, but modelling at the reservoir scale is less well reported. Various descriptions of the functional relationship between salt concentration and relative permeability have been presented in the literature, as have the differences in the effective salinity range over which salt content takes effect. This paper focuses on these properties and their impact on the fractional flow of LSWF. We present observations that help characterise the flow behaviour in a more general form, simplifying the interpretation of results. We explain how numerical or physical diffusion of salt affects the velocity of the waterflood front, and how this can be predicted from fractional flow analysis. We have considered various linear and non-linear shapes of the function relating salinity to relative permeability and different effective salinity ranges using a numerical simulator applied at the reservoir scale. The results are compared to fractional flow theory in which both salt and water movement is assumed to be shock-like in nature. We observe that diffusion of the salt front is an important process that affects the fractional flow behaviour depending on the effective salinity range. The simulator solution matches the analytical predictions from fractional flow analysis under the condition that the mid-point of the effective salinity range is at the mid-point between the formation and injected salt concentrations. However, an effective behaviour similar to adsorption/desorption occurs when these mid-point concentrations are not coincidental. The outcome is that the fronts representing high and low salinity water travel with altered velocities and at different saturations. We find that we can predict this behaviour from the input data alone as an augmented form of the fractional flow theory including the concept of retardation or acceleration as occurs for adsorption and desorption for other injectants. We use the analytical solution to the advection-diffusion equation and find that the changes in behaviour depends on the Peclet number. The result of our work is that we have produced an updated form of the fractional flow model of LSWF, to include the impact of salt front diffusion on the movement of fluids. A new factor is introduced, similar to adsorption in polymer flooding. We have developed a new mathematical formula, empirically, to estimate the magnitude of this factor. The new form can be used to modify the effects that numerical or physical diffusion have on the breakthrough times of high and low salinity water fronts during LSFW. This will improve predictive ability and also reduce the requirement for full simulation.
MiAlbum - a system for home photo managemet using the semi-automatic image annotation approach (2000)

MiAlbum© (v1.0) is a system developed at Microsoft Research China for managing family photos with the help of a semi-automatic image annotation approach. It provides functionalities to import (from scanner, digital camera, disks, PC, CD, web, etc), label (keyword, name, place, etc.), categorize (by automatic classification into some predefined classes), manipulate (in some ways), and export (send or print) family photo images. In this demo, we show the efficiency of the semi-automatic image annotation method and its help in improving the image retrieval accuracy.
Section Review Pulmonary-Allergy, Dermatological, Gastrointestinal & Arthritis: Recent developments in inhaled nitric oxide therapy (1995)

Advances in vascular biology have secured the L-arginine nitric oxide pathway a pivotal, yet diverse, role in human physiology, including modulation of vascular tone, neural transmission and inflammation. Consequent upon these discoveries, inhaled nitric oxide therapy has emerged as an important agent in the assessment and treatment of pulmonary vascular and airspace disease. Inhaled nitric oxide is a selective pulmonary vasodilator with the unique attribute of enhancing the ventilation-to-perfusion ratio. It is likely to assume an increasingly important part in pharmacological strategies to treat the diseased pulmonary circulation as well as providing insight into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.