gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-source and multi-directional shear wave generation with intersecting steered ultrasound push beams (2015)

Elasticity imaging is becoming established as a means of assisting in diagnosis of certain diseases. Shear wave-based methods have been developed to perform elasticity measurements in soft tissue. Comb-push ultrasound shear elastography (CUSE) is one of these methods that apply acoustic radiation force to induce the shear wave in soft tissues. CUSE uses multiple ultrasound beams that are transmitted simultaneously to induce multiple shear wave sources into the tissue, with improved shear wave SNR and increased shear wave imaging frame rate. We propose a novel method that uses steered push beams (SPB) that can be applied for beam formation for shear wave generation. In CUSE beamforming, either unfocused or focused beams are used to create the propagating shear waves. In SPB methods we use unfocused beams that are steered at specific angles. The interaction of these steered beams causes shear waves to be generated in more of a random nature than in CUSE. The beams are typically steered over a range of 3 to 7° and can either be steered to the left (-θ) or right (+θ).We performed simulations of 100 configurations using Field II and found the best configurations based on spatial distribution of peaks in the resulting intensity field. The best candidates were ones with a higher number of the intensity peaks distributed over all depths in the simulated beamformed results. Then these optimal configurations were applied on a homogeneous phantom and two different phantoms with inclusions. In one of the inhomogeneous phantoms we studied two spherical inclusions with 10 and 20 mm diameters, and in the other phantom we studied cylindrical inclusions with diameters ranging from 2.53 to 16.67 mm. We compared these results with those obtained using conventional CUSE with unfocused and focused beams. The mean and standard deviation of the resulting shear wave speeds were used to evaluate the accuracy of the reconstructions by examining bias with nominal values for the phantoms as well as the contrast-to-noise ratio in the inclusion phantom results. In general the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was higher and the bias was lower using the SPB method compared with the CUSE realizations except in the largest inclusions. In the cylindrical inclusion with 10.4 mm diameter, the CNR in CUSE methods ranged between 18.52 and 22.02 and the bias ranged between 5.50 and 11.12%, whereas for SPB methods provided CNR values between 23.07 and 48.90 and bias values between 3.78 and 9.22%. In a smaller cylindrical inclusion with diameter of 4.05 mm, CUSE methods gave CNR between 14.69 and 22.28 and bias ranging between 28.95 and 29.28%, whereas the SPB methods provided CNR values between 16.7 and 25.2 and bias values varying from 25.54 to 30.44%. The SPB method provides a flexible framework to produce shear wave sources that are widely distributed within the field-of-view for robust shear wave speed imaging.
Effect of Seniorobic Program on Physical Function and Fall in Elderly (2009)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the seniorobic program on physical function and fall in elderly. Methods: The experimental group and control group was composed of 22 subjects each. The subjects in the experimental group had participated in the seniorobic program for 12 weeks which consisted of exercise and education. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance and the frequency of fall for each subject were measured before, and at the 6th and 12th weeks of the seniorobic program. Data were analyzed using SPSS /WIN 12.0 program. Results: The experimental group had significantly increased their flexibility at the 6th and 12th weeks of the seniorobic program, their the lower limb muscle strength and balance at the 12th week of the seniorobic program. There was no significant difference in the frequency of fall between the experimental group and the control group during the period of seniorobic program. Conclusion: These results suggest that the seniorobic program can increase lower limb muscle strength, flexibility and improve the balance of the elderly.
X-band circular ring-slot antenna embedded in single-layered SIW for circular polarisation (2009)

A circularly-polarised antenna which has a novel feeding structure like a substrate integrated waveguide, a cavity-backed resonator and a conventional ring-slot antenna is proposed for right-handed circular polarisation (RHCP) in a single-layered fabrication. The CP generation and broadband impedance matching characteristics are accomplished by using a simple shorting via between the top patch and bottom ground plane and inserting inductive via arrays at the input port, respectively. A broadband impedance bandwidth of 18.74% and a RHCP axial ratio of 2.3% have been obtained under the condition of less than VSWR 2:1 and axial ratio −3 dB, respectively.
The TAMU security package: an ongoing response to internet intruders in an academic environment (1993)

Texas A&amp;M University (TAMU) UNIX computers came under coordinated attack in August 1992 from an organized group of internet crackers. This package of security tools represents the results of over seven months of development and testing of the software currently being used to protect the estimated 12,000 networked devices at TAMU (of which roughly 5,000 are IP devices). This package includes three related sets of tools: &quot;drawbridge,&quot; a powerful bridging filter package; &quot;tiger,&quot; a set of easy to use yet thorough machine checking programs; and &quot;netlog,&quot; a set of intrusion detection network monitoring programs. 2. Introduction A Brief History of the Incidents On Tuesday, 25 August 1992, the Texas A&amp;M University Supercomputer Center (TAMUSC) was notified by the Ohio Supercomputer Center that a specific Texas A&amp;M University (TAMU) machine was being used to attack one of their computers over the internet. The local machine turned out to be a Sun workstation in a faculty member&apos;s office. Un...
A Dynamic Bayesian Network Model for Autonomous 3D Reconstruction from a Single Indoor Image (2006)

When we look at a picture, our prior knowledge about the world allows us to resolve some of the ambiguities that are inherent to monocular vision, and thereby infer 3d information about the scene. We also recognize different objects, decide on their orientations, and identify how they are connected to their environment. Focusing on the problem of autonomous 3d reconstruction of indoor scenes, in this paper we present a dynamic Bayesian network model capable of resolving some of these ambiguities and recovering 3d information for many images. Our model assumes a "floorwall" geometry on the scene and is trained to recognize the floor-wall boundary in each column of the image. When the image is produced under perspective geometry, we show that this model can be used for 3d reconstruction from a single image. To our knowledge, this was the first monocular approach to automatically recover 3d reconstructions from single indoor images.
Assessing clinical response in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): Validation of a daratumumab IFE reflex assay (DIRA) to distinguish malignant M-protein from therapeutic antibody. (2015)

8590 Background: Residual therapeutic mAbs can be detected by assays intended to monitor clonal myeloma protein (M-protein). Daratumumab, a human anti-CD38 IgG1k mAb in MM clinical trials, has been detected on serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunofixation (IFE) gels, interfering with IMWG response criteria requiring negative SPE/IFE for CR/sCR. As new therapeutics emerge that induce very deep responses a method is needed to confirm CR/sCR. Validation and use in clinical studies of an assay that distinguishes daratumumab from M-protein is presented. Methods: Mouse anti-daratumumab antibody is used to shift daratumumab’s IFE migration away from M-protein. Commercial and daratumumab-treated MM patient samples were evaluated to assess specificity, reproducibility and concordance. Detection of M-protein depletion by DIRA triggered additional clinical testing to confirm CR/sCR. Results: Daratumumab was identified on IFE in 10/10 samples when added to commercial MM serum in a 1:1 ratio with anti-daratumumab. Reproducibility was tested in 3 independent DIRA runs on 10 samples from daratumumab treated patients (16 mg/kg). 2 independent reviewers assessed daratumumab and M-protein levels and observed 100% concordance. Specificity was evaluated in commercial (n = 16) and daratumumab-treated patient samples (n = 36) by scoring whether the malignant M-protein was shifted with the anti-idiotype antibody. 94.4% (34/36) of samples had no shift in M-protein with anti-daratumumab. 33 daratumumab patient samples (from single-agent or combination studies) were DIRA tested and clinical responses assessed; 13 (39%) had no M-protein (DIRA -ve) and 10 were confirmed as CR. 20 patients had malignant M-protein remaining (DIRA +ve) and monitoring continued. Conclusions: DIRA, a robust and reproducible tool, determines if residual IgGk on IFE is caused by the mAb daratumumab or actual M-protein. DIRA results can trigger further assessments to confirm clinical CR. This first approach to distinguish therapeutic mAb from M-protein in MM will be needed for clinical research and eventually MM treatment.
STUDY OF SERUM SODIUM AND POTASSIUM DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (2015)

Background: The incidence of myocardial infarction is increasing specially in developing countries. Different electrolytes such as potassium and sodium play an important role in the cell metabolism, electrical conduction and membrane excitability. Abnormalities of these electrolytes due to different causes can lead to a significant cardiac life threatening events. Objective :To ascertain the electrolytes status in patients of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at the time of hospitalization and to study the relationship between hyponatremia and hypokalemia with ventricular arrhythmia and survival status of the patient on day seven of the admission. Methods: Fifty patients of acute myocardial infarction were interrogated for history of presenting illness, examined for vitals, systemic examination and investigated by collection of blood sample and ECG. Conclusion: There was increased mortality in patients with hyponatremia, but p value was not statistically significant (p value 0.15). There was definite correlation between hypokalemia and ventricular arrhythmias and there was increased tendency towards developing ventricular arrhythmias in patients with hypokalemia.( p value 0.009).
The Solubility of Dextrin (1914)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Solubility of DextrinW. K. LewisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1914, 6, 4, 308–309Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1914Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1914https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50064a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50064a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cooperative scheduling environment based on editing and simulation for manufacturing systems (2002)

A computer-supported scheduling system that is a human-computer cooperative environment for planning an operations schedule in a manufacturing system is proposed. The cooperation entails of computer simulation with complex constraint manipulation and human editing to evaluate and modify the simulated schedule. The proposed scheduling environment is not aimed at constructing the optimal schedule automatically but at offering a system in which a human planner interacts with a computer to modify freely a desirable schedule using a schedule editor. The essential methodology used in this system consists of carrying out simulation in both the forward and backward time directions, applying human scheduling knowledge, and meeting the physical, temporal, and causal constraints.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interface roughness evolution in sputtered WSi2∕Si multilayers (2007)

We report on the growth of WSi2 and Si amorphous thin films by dc magnetron sputtering. In situ synchrotron x-ray scattering with high temporal resolution has been employed to probe the surface and interface roughness during film deposition. It is found that the WSi2∕Si multilayer surface alternately roughens and smoothes during deposition; while the Si layer roughness monotonically, the WSi2 layer is observed to smooth out when deposited on an initially rough surface. Subsequent deposition of the next layer effectively freezes in the surface morphology of the previous layer in each case. Energetic neutrals and ions assisting the growth may play a role in inducing this pronounced alternating pattern in the roughness.
Treatment of PC‐3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells by prenylflavonoids from hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) induces a caspase‐independent form of cell death (2007)

Xanthohumol (X), isoxanthohumol (IX), 8-prenylnaringenin (8PN) and 6-prenylnaringenin (6PN), prenylflavonoids from hop (Humulus lupulus L.), were investigated for their cytotoxicity and the mechanism by which they exert cell death when incubated with prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU145. All compounds induced cell death in the absence of caspase-3 activation and typical apoptotic morphological features. The general pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk could not protect this form of cell death. In addition, the formation of vacuoles was observed in PC-3 cells treated with IX and 6PN, and in DU145 treated with IX, 8PN and 6PN, which could suggest the induction of autophagy and consequent cell death. The results indicate that hop-derived prenylflavanones (IX, 8PN, 6PN), but not prenylchalcones (X) induce a caspase-independent form of cell death, suggested to be autophagy. Therefore, IX, 8PN and 6PN appear to be promising candidates for further investigation in prostate anticancer therapy.
Evolution of Granulomas in Lungs of Mice Infected Aerogenically with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2000)

Aerogenous infection of C57Bl/6 mice with a virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CL 511) leads to the formation of primary granulomas in the lung where neutrophils, macrophages and subsequently, lymphocytes accumulate progressively around an initial cluster of infected macrophages. The spread of infection through the lung parenchyma gives rise to secondary granulomas featuring numerous lymphocytes that surround a small number of infected macrophages. Afterwards, foamy macrophages add an outer layer to the granulomas, which characteristically respect the pulmonary interstitium and remain confined within the alveolar spaces. This feature, in conjunction with the constant presence of M. tuberculosis in the products of broncho-alveolar lavage, suggests that the upward bronchial migration of infected macrophages may contribute significantly to pulmonary dissemination of mycobacterial infection. The latter would be in agreement with the persistence of chronic pulmonary infection in spite of a concomitant strong T helper 1 cell response.
Polarization selection for reconstructed wavefronts and application to polarizing microholography (1966)

This article reports a phenomenon allowing the phase reference beam of the "two-beam, carrier-frequency" holography method of Leith and Upatnieks to be used as a polarization reference as well. A technique for utilizing this for selecting and recording a particular linearly polarized component of the image carrying beam is described and applied to a unique arrangement for microholography. The waves reconstructed by the technique are described mathematically and compared to waves passed by a polarizing microscope. Experimental confirmation of these observations is presented.
Application of sparse linear discriminant analysis for metabolomics data (2014)

A new method performs classification and variable selection simultaneously to analyze complicated metabolomics datasets.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anti‐HIV Evaluation of Schiff and Mannich Bases of Isatin and Its Derivatives with Triazole. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CMC-544 (inotuzumab ozogamicin): A CD22-targeted immunoconjugate of calicheamicin (2009)

CMC-544 (Inotuzumab ozogamicin) is a CD22-targeted immunoconjugate of calicheamicin currently being evaluated in phase III clinical trials in patients with non- Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma. CMC-544 is the product of a collaboration between Wyeth and UCB-Celltech. CMC-544 has demonstrated significant clinical activity in both follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients who had failed multiple therapies.1,2 CMC-544 (Figure 1) is a humanized IgG4 anti-CD22 antibody (G5/44) covalently linked to N-acetyl gamma calicheamicin dimethyl hydrazide (CalichDMH) via an acid-labile 4-(4-acetylphenoxy)butanoic acid (AcBut) linker.3,4 CD22 is a Blymphoid lineage-specific differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant B cells. CD22 is not expressed on hematopoietic progenitors of the B-lymphoid lineage. CD22 efficiently internalizes upon binding to an antibody making it an ideal candidate for targeted drug delivery. Targeting malignant B-cells through CD22 by the CD22 specific antibody G5/44 could, therefore, be an efficient way to deliver calicheamicin to destroy malignant B-cells.
White-light-emitting phosphor: CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+, Mn2+ and its related properties with blending (2006)

The CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+, Mn2+ phosphors show three emission bands peaking at around 450nm (blue), 580nm (yellow), and 680nm (red). The blue band originates from the allowed f-d transition of Eu2+ ions on Ca sites. The yellow and red bands originate from the forbidden T14-A16 transition of Mn2+ ions on Mg2+ and Ca2+ sites, respectively. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurement demonstrates that Mn2+ ions occupy two different Ca2+ and Mg2+ sites. The mixtures of the green-poor CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+, Mn2+ and the green-to-yellow emissive (Ba,Sr)2SiO4:Eu2+, excited by the near ultraviolet of 365nm, show the various chromaticity of white light depending on the mixture ratio; the correlated color temperatures from 4845to9180K, and the color rendering indices from 71% to 88%.
CORAL II: linking behavior and structure in an IC design system (1988)

This paper describes a technique for maintaining very fine grained links between a behavioral specification and an automatically generated VLSI structural implementation. CORAL II execedes previous systems in the scope of design representations involved and the complexity of the relationships handled. The design representations used are described, as are the behavioral transformations that may be applied and the types of design choices that may be made. The complications introduced by these transformations and design decisions are discussed. Some possible applications of this work are outlined and an existing graphical interface for examining the synthesized design and its relationship to the behavioral specification is described.
Fault tolerance in multiprocessor systems without dedicated redundancy (1988)

An algorithm called RAFT (recursive algorithm for fault tolerance) for achieving fault tolerance in multiprocessor systems is described. Through the use of a combination of dynamic space- and time- redundancy techniques, RAFT achieves fault tolerance in the presence of permanent as well as intermittent faults. Performance and reliability of multiprocessor systems using RAFT are determined as a function of individual processor reliability and the total number of fault modes in a processor. RAFT-based systems are superior to triple modular redundancy (TMR) systems in hardware economy and provide comparable reliability. A multiprocessor architecture adopting RAFT is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Experiments on Remelting and Solidification of Molten Metal Droplets Deposited in Vertical Columns (2006)

Experiments were done to determine conditions under which vertical columns could be built by metal droplets landing sequentially on top of each other. Molten tin droplets (0.6mm diameter) were deposited using a pneumatic droplet generator on an aluminum substrate. The primary parameters varied in experiments were those found to most affect bonding between droplets: droplet temperature (250-345°C), substrate temperature (60-200°C), and deposition rate (1-15Hz). At lower deposition rates the substrate cooled down too much to induce remelting whereas at higher rates the tip of the column remained liquid and surface tension forces pulled it into a spherical mass. Assuming one-dimensional conductive heat transfer in a column a simple analytical model was developed to calculate the temperature at the tips of the column. It predicts that deposition frequency should be decreased as column height increases to hold the tip temperature constant. Droplet coalescence was best achieved when the tip temperature of a column was maintained at the melting point of the metal. Columns fabricated following the deposition frequency predicted by the model show good bonding between droplets and uniform diameter.
Low threshold channelled-substrate buried crescent InGaAsP lasers emitting at 1.54 μm (1981)

Double-heterostructure lasers with crescent-shaped InGaAsP active layers have been fabricated with CW emission of 1.54 μm. Lowest CW thresholds are 45–47 mA for a 200 μm long cavity at 25°C. The lasing near-field widths are 2.5–3.0 μm and the spectral widths to 10% of peak are 4–5 nm under both CW conditions and modulation up to 320 Mbit/s.
History of posttransfusion hepatitis (1997)

The risk of hepatitis virus transmission from tranfusions has declined dramatically from that of the 1940s when posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH) was first appreciated. Introduction of hepatitis B surface antigen screening and conversion to volunteer donors for whole-blood donations in the late 1960s and early 1970s led to substantial reduction in PTH cases. However, up to 10% of the recipients continued to develop PTH, most cases of which were attributed to an unknown non-A, non-B viral agent. Implementation of surrogate marker testing (i.e., alanine aminotransferase and anti-hepatitis B virus core antigen) for residual non-A, non-B hepatitis in the late 1980s reduced the per unit risk of PTH from 1 in 200 to about 1 in 400. Hepatitis C virus was discovered in 1989 and quickly was established as the causative agent of > 90% of non-A, non-B PTH. Introduction of progressively improved antibody assays in the early 1990s reduced the risk of PTH due to hepatitis C virus to about 1 in 100000. Although additional hepatitis viruses exist (e.g., hepatitis G virus), these appear to be minor contributors to clinical PTH, which has been virtually eradicated.