gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellpot: A Concept for Next Generation Cellular Network Honeypots (2014)

Smartphones have been shown to be vulnerable. Similarly, cellular networks have been shown to be vulnerable to denial of service attacks through signaling. Attackers can use compromised smartphones to remotely attack the cellular network. Therefore the mobile network operator requires measures to detect and mitigate attacks as they emerge. In the past honeypots proved to be a valuable tool to detect ongoing attacks. Several designs for honeypots on smartphones have been proposed. However, their utility is hampered as they are unlikely to achieve a sufficient coverage. In this paper we introduce Cellpot as a novel honeypot concept for threat detection and defence directly inside the cellular network. Cellpot comprises an army of honeypots that are deployed on small cell base stations and is under full control of the operator. We show that Cellpot provides a cost-effective and scalable way for operators to detect and mitigate threats to their core network by reducing signaling overhead. We also present selected applications such as prevention of SMS spam, mobile theft and mobile malware.
Biexcitons in GaAs quantum wells (1982)

Careful examination of the exciton edge of the photoluminescence from a number of high-quality multiple-GaAs-quantum-well samples grown by molecular-beam epitaxy reveals at low temperatures a double peak whose splitting of approximately 1 meV decreases somewhat with increasing GaAs well width $L$. The higher-energy peak is due to the $n=1$ free-heavy-hole-exciton transition while the excitation intensity, temperature, and polarization dependences of the lower-energy peak suggest that it is due to biexcitons with a binding energy $B$ of about 1 meV. In support of the biexciton interpretation a theoretical calculation of $B(L)$ is presented. This calculation gives two-dimensional biexciton binding energies more than an order of magnitude larger than the three-dimensional calculated values.
Interactive multi-media services (1994)

The paper discuss an interactive network video system that is developed as part of a comprehensive program for multimedia technology at Philips Electronics. The system contains elements for an interactive chain that encompasses equipment, software and services. In its present form as a whole it supports trials by operators and deployment in restricted environments. As such it is a snapshot of an ongoing development on the learning curve for interactive services. The set top boxes as components are immediate precursors to equipment that can be produced in large quantities for deployment. Two dominant aspects, based on consumer electronics experience, are ease of use for the consumer and economy.
Bisphosphonates inhibit angiogenesis in vitro and testosterone-stimulated vascular regrowth in the ventral prostate in castrated rats. (2002)

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are used currently in the treatment of patients with bone metastases because these compounds inhibit bone resorption. We examined here the effects of BPs on inhibition of endothelial cell functions in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of endothelial cells with BPs (clodronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronic acid) reduced proliferation, induced apoptosis, and decreased capillary-like tube formation in vitro. Quantification of blood vessels in bone biopsy specimens from patients with Paget's disease before and after clodronate treatment showed a 40% reduction of the vascularization after BP treatment. However, such a decreased vascularity could be secondary to a reduction of bone resorption. Therefore, the tissue distribution of [14C]BPs in male rats was examined to develop an angiogenesis model in a noncalcified tissue where BPs could accumulate. [14C]BPs (zoledronic acid, ibandronate, and clodronate) not only accumulated in bone but also transiently accumulated in the prostate. The effects of BPs on testosterone-induced revascularization of the prostate gland in castrated rats were then studied. Testosterone in combination with ibandronate or zoledronic acid induced a 17-35% reduction of the prostate weight compared with castrated rats treated with testosterone alone. Blood vessel immunostaining on prostate tissue sections revealed that both ibandronate and zoledronic acid induced a 50% reduction of the revascularization of the prostate gland. Moreover, zoledronic acid did not alter testosterone-induced activity of a luciferase gene reporter construct transfected in androgen-dependent prostatic cells, indicating that this BP did not directly interfere with testosterone. In conclusion, BPs have in vivo antiangiogenic properties, which could be of relevance to improve therapy and prevention of bone metastasis. In addition, our results extend the potential clinical use of BPs to patients with early prostate cancer.
Genetic Variation in the Endothelin System (2006)

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) exerts multiple biological effects, including vasoconstriction and the stimulation of cell proliferation in tissues both within and outside of the cardiovascular system. ET-1 is synthesized by ET-converting enzymes (ECE), chymases (CMAs), and non-ECE metalloproteases through a process regulated in an autocrine fashion in vascular and nonvascular cells. ET-1 acts through the activation of G(i)protein-coupled receptors. ET(A) receptors mediate vasoconstriction and cell proliferation, whereas ET(B) receptors are important for aldosterone secretion, endothelial cell (EC) migration, the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin, the clearance of ET-1, and the inhibition of ECE-1. ET is activated in scleroderma, hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis, heart failure, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and renal failure. Tissue concentrations more reliably reflect the activation of the ET system because of the predominantly abluminal secretion of the peptide. Experimental studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that ET-1 plays a major role in normal cardiovascular homeostasis and in the functional and structural changes observed in arterial and pulmonary hypertension, glomerulosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Accordingly, ET antagonists are promising new agents in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes of preproET-1, ECE-1, CMA, ET(A) and ET(B) receptors have been identified and can be important for their functional regulation. However, for most of them the association with disease conditions and the evidence for a functional role remain controversial. Thus, even though ET antagonists are being used for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, there is no convincing evidence for a role of SNPs in affecting the therapeutic strategies.
Super-resolution imaging algorithm based on attributed scattering center model (2014)

Based on attributed scattering center, a novel algorithm of super-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging is proposed in this paper to characterize physical properties of the scattering object. An improved Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm is utilized to estimate the parameter of the simplified attributed scattering center model. To realize super-resolution, spectrum extrapolation is preformed in signal reconstruction based on the estimated model parameter. The method can accurately describe the physical structure compared with the traditional super-resolution algorithm based on the point scattering model. In addition, the method has fast computation efficiency and can achieve a better focusing performance with the utilization of the orientation angle. The simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Inhibition of prolyl 4‐hydroxylase reduces scar hypertrophy in a rabbit model of cutaneous scarring (2003)

Hypertrophic scars result from excessive collagen deposition at sights of healing dermal wounds and can be functionally and cosmetically problematic. Pharmacological regulation of collagen synthesis and deposition is a direct approach to the control of scar tissue formation. We tested the ability of the phenanthrolinone derivative FG-1648 (in 0.5% Carbopol 971 PNF gel, pH 6.5), a prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor, to reduce hypertrophic scar formation in a rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model. New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two treatment groups (n = 12 wounds per group with an equal number of controls): low-dose group: 0.5% FG-1648; high-dose group: 1% FG-1648. Left ears were used for treatment and right ear for control. Four 7-mm dermal ulcer wounds were made on each ear. The inhibitor was topically applied to the wound at the time of wounding and once daily up to postoperative day 7. Wounds were harvested at postoperative day 28 and scar hypertrophy quantified by measurement of the scar elevation index. All wounds showed complete healing. Treatment of wounds with 1% prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor decreased the scar elevation index by 26% compared to control wounds (p < 0.01). Wounds treated with 0.5% FG-1648 inhibitor showed no difference in scar elevation compared to control wounds. These results suggest that inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylase may be a suitable agent for topical treatment for the prevention of hypertrophic scar tissue.
<title>Jamming protection of spread spectrum RFID system</title> (2006)

This paper presents a new transform-domain processing algorithm for rejection of narrowband interferences in RFID/DS-CDMA systems. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been verified via computer simulations. Implementation issues have been discussed. The algorithm can be implemented in the FPGA or DSP technology.
25 kW power module evolution study (1979)

This paper presents a study of evolutionary growth concepts for the 25 kW power module to augment STS mission support future capabilities. The study aimed to establish user payload requirements, define evolution methods for system initial operational capability, and formulate a development program and conceptual designs. The payload requirements analysis focused on material processing in space, public services, and solar terrestrial observations; evolutionary system concepts were evaluated to derive the power module and system support requirements, and four reference orbits were used to construct the nominal program scenario. The mission accomodations analysis evaluated the capability of the nominal program scenario and associated power module concepts to meet user needs. Finally, the recommended modular design consisting of electric power, attitude control, thermal control, and command and data handling is described, and it is concluded that the 25 kW power module is a logical first step to support the near term NASA sortie and free-flyer mission requirements.
Characteristics of optically controlled dielectric resonators with light injection hole (2002)

An enhanced model for characterizing optically controlled dielectric resonators is presented. The practical details of the structure are taken into account including the light injection hole etched on the upper shielding metallic plate, the inhomogeneous distribution of the induced excess carrier concentrations due to surface recombination and diffusion, substrate surface waves, and radial radiation if the side wall is absent. In addition, the model allows the semiconductor sample and the dielectric rod to have different radii. The model is based on the dyadic Green's function in a cylindrical coordinate system in conjunction with the equivalence principle. The infinite integrals involved in the matrix elements of the resultant characteristic equation are completed by deforming the integral contour off the real k/sub /spl rho// axis to include the contribution due to the surface wave poles.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New Rhodium(III) and Ruthenium(II) Water-Soluble Complexes with 3,5-Diaza-1-methyl-1-azonia-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1<sup>3,7</sup>]decane (2003)

The new water-soluble phosphine complexes of rhodium(III), [RhI(4)(mtpa)(2)]I (1), and ruthenium(II), [RuI(4)(mtpa)(2)].2H(2)O (2) and [RuI(2)(mtpa)(3)(H(2)O)]I(3).2H(2)O (3) (mtpa = 3,5-diaza-1-methyl-1-azonia-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decane cation), have been prepared in the reactions of RhCl(3).3H(2)O and RuCl(3).3H(2)O in water in the presence of phosphine and potassium iodide. Properties and reactivity of the complexes have been investigated using (1)H and (31)P NMR and IR spectroscopies. The complexes have also been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The compounds [RhI(4)(mtpa)(2)]I and [RuI(4)(mtpa)(2)].2H(2)O are zwitterionic octahedral complexes. The compounds were tested as catalysts for two-phase hydroformylation of 1-hexene and hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde. Complex 1 is a selective catalyst for reduction of the C=C bond while complexes 2 and 3 selectively hydrogenate the C=O bond.
Inhibition of Mutant GNAQ Signaling in Uveal Melanoma Induces AMPK-Dependent Autophagic Cell Death (2013)

Oncogenic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 genes are found in 80% of uveal melanoma. These mutations result in the activation of the RAF/MEK signaling pathway culminating in the stimulation of ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinases. In this study, using a siRNA strategy, we show that mutant GNAQ signals to both MEK and AKT, and that combined inhibition of these pathways with the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) and the AKT inhibitor MK2206 induced a synergistic decrease in cell viability. This effect was genotype dependent as autophagic markers like beclin1 and LC3 were induced in GNAQ-mutant cells, whereas apoptosis was the mechanism of cell death of BRAF-mutant cells, and cells without either mutation underwent cell-cycle arrest. The inhibition of MEK/ATK pathways induced activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the GNAQ-mutant cells. The downregulation of AMPK by siRNA or its inhibition with compound C did not rescue the cells from autophagy, rather they died by apoptosis, defining AMPK as a key regulator of mutant GNAQ signaling and a switch between autophagy and apoptosis. Furthermore, this combination treatment was effective in inhibiting tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. These findings suggest that inhibition of MEK and AKT may represent a promising approach for targeted therapy of patients with uveal melanoma.
A Framework for Human-like Behavior in an immersive virtual world (2013)

Just as readers feel immersed when the story line adheres to their experiences, users will more easily feel immersed in a virtual environment if the behavior of the characters in that environment adheres to their expectations, based on their lifelong observations in the real world. This paper introduces a framework that allows authors to establish natural, human-like behavior, physical interaction and emotional engagement of characters living in a virtual environment. Represented by realistic virtual characters, this framework allows people to feel immersed in an Internet based virtual world in which they can meet and share experiences in a natural way as they can meet and share experiences in real life. Rather than just being visualized in a 3D space, the virtual characters (autonomous agents as well as avatars representing users) in the immersive environment facilitate social interaction and multi-party collaboration, mixing virtual with real.
Application of Novel Cavity-Backed Proximity-Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna to Design Broadband Conformal Phased Array (2010)

A broadband conformal phased array consisting of 48 linear arrays with four microstrip antennas is presented in this letter. The element is designed by a novel proximity-coupling feeding mechanism with a cavity-backed configuration. A dielectric layer, which is integrated on the surface of the antenna, is designed and fabricated to shield the patches. It plays a role similar to the conformal radome. In addition, the vertical connection between the element and the coax probe is designed, which is a benefit for increasing the space usage. The measured results indicate the bandwidth of the center embedded element is 27.6% with |S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> | below -10 dB. Due to its simple single-patch structure, the fabrication errors can be easily controlled.
Frequency domain model of an HVDC link with a line-commutated current-source converter. Part I: fixed overlap (2009)

This study presents a frequency-domain model of an high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission link with a line-commutated current-source converter. Using space-vector transfer functions between superimposed oscillations in the control signal and the AC and DC sides, expressions for voltages and currents have been derived. The dynamic properties of the HVDC link, taking the characteristics of the networks on both the AC and the DC sides into consideration, can be studied by applying classical Bode/Nyquist/Nichols control methods. The resulting model was validated by time-domain studies in PSCAD/EMTDC. The model is described in two papers. In this paper (Part I), it has been assumed that the overlap angle during commutation remains constant. It is shown in the validation that this assumption introduces resonances that cause severe errors at certain network conditions. In the second paper (Part II), the model is extended so as to cope with the varying overlap angle in order to bring the frequency-domain model into agreement with the results obtained from time-domain simulations.
THE APPLICATION OF GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR IN HIGHWAY ENGINEERING (1992)

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) affords great potential as an expedient and cost-effective evluation tool. Highway departments have found that radar can provide useful information that was not available. This article describes the theory, equipment, and applications involved in highway agencies' current use of GPR technology. GPR has been successfully used to identify many problems associated with highway structures. The theory underlying GPR operation is described, as well as the primary components of GPR systems. GPR applications including its use in delamination detection, voids beneath pavements, determining pavement thickness, as well as other applications are discussed.
Advertising in popular instant messengers (2018)

The article discusses the relevance of the use of instant messengers Viber, WhatsApp, Telegram in the advertising field, as well as the phenomenon of hybrid forms of advertising.
Tissue Adaptations of Memory and Tissue-Resident Gamma Delta T Cells (2018)

Epithelial and mucosal barriers are critical interfaces physically separating the body from the outside environment and are the tissues most exposed to microorganisms and potential inflammatory agents. The integrity of these tissues requires fine tuning of the local immune system to enable the efficient elimination of invasive pathogens while simultaneously preserving a beneficial relationship with commensal organisms and preventing autoimmunity. Although they only represent a small fraction of circulating and lymphoid T cells, γδ T cells form a substantial population at barrier sites and even outnumber conventional αβ T cells in some tissues. After their egress from the thymus, several γδ T cell subsets naturally establish residency in predetermined mucosal and epithelial locations, as exemplified by the restricted location of murine Vγ5<sup>+</sup> and Vγ3Vδ1<sup>+</sup> T cell subsets to the intestinal epithelium and epidermis, respectively. Because of their preferential location in barrier sites, γδ T cells are often directly or indirectly influenced by the microbiota or the pathogens that invade these sites. More recently, a growing body of studies have shown that γδ T cells form long-lived memory populations upon local inflammation or bacterial infection, some of which permanently populate the affected tissues after pathogen clearance or resolution of inflammation. Natural and induced resident γδ T cells have been implicated in many beneficial processes such as tissue homeostasis and pathogen control, but their presence may also exacerbate local inflammation under certain circumstances. Further understanding of the biology and role of these unconventional resident T cells in homeostasis and disease may shed light on potentially novel vaccines and therapies.
LucY: A Versatile New Fluorescent Reporter Protein (2015)

We report on the discovery, isolation, and use of a novel yellow fluorescent protein. Lucigen Yellow (LucY) binds one FAD molecule within its core, thus shielding it from water and maintaining its structure so that fluorescence is 10-fold higher than freely soluble FAD. LucY displays excitation and emission spectra characteristic of FAD, with 3 excitation peaks at 276 nm, 377 nm, and 460 nm and a single emission peak at 530 nm. These excitation and emission maxima provide the large Stokes shift beneficial to fluorescence experimentation. LucY belongs to the MurB family of UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductases. The high resolution crystal structure shows that in contrast to other structurally resolved MurB enzymes, LucY does not contain a potentially quenching aromatic residue near the FAD isoalloxazine ring, which may explain its increased fluorescence over related proteins. Using E. coli as a system in which to develop LucY as a reporter, we show that it is amenable to circular permutation and use as a reporter of protein-protein interaction. Fragmentation between its distinct domains renders LucY non-fluorescent, but fluorescence can be partially restored by fusion of the fragments to interacting protein domains. Thus, LucY may find application in Protein-fragment Complementation Assays for evaluating protein-protein interactions.
A DETAILED INVESTIGATION OF LOW-FREQUENCY-NOISE COMPLAINTS (2008)

From a group of 203 cases of low-frequency-noise complaints a random selection of twenty-one cases were investigated. The main aim of the investigation was to answer the question whether the annoyance is caused by an external physical sound or by a low-frequency tinnitus. Noise recordings were made in the homes of the complainants, and the complainants were exposed to these recordings from their own home in blind test listening experiments. Furthermore, the low-frequency hearing function of the complainants was investigated, and characteristics of the annoying sound was matched. The results showed that some of the complainants are annoyed by a physical sound (20-180 Hz), while others suffer from low-frequency tinnitus (perceived frequency 40-100 Hz). Physical sound at frequencies below 20 Hz (infrasound) is not responsible for the annoyance – or at all audible – in any of the investigated cases, and none of the complainants has extraordinary hearing sensitivity at low frequencies. For comparable cases of low-frequency noise complaints in general, it is anticipated that physical sound is responsible in a substantial part of the cases, while low-frequency tinnitus is responsible in another substantial part of the cases. 1.