gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical Performance of a Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Method for Detection of Certain <i>bla</i> <sub>KPC</sub> -Containing Plasmids (2015)

Rapid detection of blaKPC-containing organisms can significantly impact infection control and clinical practices, as well as therapeutic choices. Current molecular and phenotypic methods to detect these organisms, however, require additional testing beyond routine organism identification. In this study, we evaluated the clinical performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to detect pKpQIL_p019 (p019)-an ∼11,109-Da protein associated with certain blaKPC-containing plasmids that was previously shown to successfully track a clonal outbreak of blaKPC-pKpQIL-Klebsiella pneumoniae in a proof-of-principle study (A. F. Lau, H. Wang, R. A. Weingarten, S. K. Drake, A. F. Suffredini, M. K. Garfield, Y. Chen, M. Gucek, J. H. Youn, F. Stock, H. Tso, J. DeLeo, J. J. Cimino, K. M. Frank, and J. P. Dekker, J Clin Microbiol 52:2804-2812, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00694-14). PCR for the p019 gene was used as the reference method. Here, blind analysis of 140 characterized Enterobacteriaceae isolates using two protein extraction methods (plate extraction and tube extraction) and two peak detection methods (manual and automated) showed sensitivities and specificities ranging from 96% to 100% and from 95% to 100%, respectively (2,520 spectra analyzed). Feasible laboratory implementation methods (plate extraction and automated analysis) demonstrated 96% sensitivity and 99% specificity. All p019-positive isolates (n = 26) contained blaKPC and were carbapenem resistant. Retrospective analysis of an additional 720 clinical Enterobacteriaceae spectra found an ∼11,109-Da signal in nine spectra (1.3%), including seven from p019-containing, carbapenem-resistant isolates (positive predictive value [PPV], 78%). Instrument tuning had a significant effect on assay sensitivity, highlighting important factors that must be considered as MALDI-TOF MS moves into applications beyond microbial identification. Using a large blind clinical data set, we have shown that spectra acquired for routine organism identification can also be analyzed automatically in real time at high throughput, at no additional expense to the laboratory, to enable rapid detection of potentially blaKPC-containing carbapenem-resistant isolates, providing early and clinically actionable results.
Study of thermoelectric conversion using some ferroelectric materials (1981)

Abstract The object of this study has been the determination of the feasibility of using some ferroelectric materials for the development of a so-called solid-state engine for direct heat-electrical energy conversion. We present here the results of a limited study made on the pyroelectric and piezoelectric phenomena that occur in one type of the Lead Zirconate-Lead Titanate systems known as the PZT-4. The slabs of this materials with thicknesses 0.2, 1, and 2 mm, and surface area 100 mm2 are immersed (wholy or partially) in oil and water solutins with various pH values. Speciments are held under constant temperature T ≲ 100°C, well below the Curie transition temperature of the material TC ≲ 320°C. Then the output voltage V and current I that result due to the electric polarization change, δ, on the specimen faces which are connected to a load resistance R, is measured. Since the PZT dielectric materials are made by a powder-metallurgy process, the slabs can absorb liquid. Thus in plunging the specimen in the liquid and taking it out we observe several complex surface phenomena which affect δ, V, and I, under various T and applied stress σ. As a result of the electrocapillarity “doublelayer” films appear on the slab surfaces; consequently the capacitance of the system and the circuit resistance are reduced. The result of the interactions between the double-layer films and solutes in the water lead to reduction of the “depolarization” and in turn the enhancement of the voltage long after the specimen is out of the water. We have formulated the expressions for V and I in terms of T, λ, R, and K; where λ = δ/δT is the pyroelectiric constant and K is a coefficient which depends on the nature of liquid and the structural conditions of the specimen. The figure of merit for the heat-electrical conversion of the ferroelectric materials z, is found to be z = λ2(ρsϵ)−1; where ρ, s, and ϵ are the materials density, thickness, and dielectric constant, respectively. The thermodynamic efficiency of V and I on applied stress, geometry of the specimen, etc., have been also discussed. Finally the theoretical link between the ferroelectric transition and martensitic phase change that occurs in thermoelastic alloys, is proposed.
Carrier Phase Recovery Algorithms for Coherent Optical Circular mQAM Systems (2016)

The phase noise tolerance of circular multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (C-mQAM) constellations employing different carrier phase recovery (CPR) algorithms is studied. A differential decoding scheme and a bit mapping for this type of constellations are proposed. A novel CPR scheme for C-mQAM constellations is also presented. The particular distribution of the constellation points in a C-mQAM signal is exploited to reduce the required Nth power for the removal of the modulation component by a factor of two. Hence, the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is drastically reduced. The combined linewidth symbol duration product (ΔνTs) tolerance of different CPR algorithms for C-mQAM constellations is studied and compared with the proposed CPR scheme. The results are analyzed at 3.8e-3 and 1e-2 bit error rate forward error correction limits. The proposed CPR scheme achieves similar ΔνTs tolerance compared to single stage BPS algorithm while its computational complexity is reduced by group factors of 27.2 | 32.3, and 30.5 | 32.6 (in the form of multipliers | adders) for C-16QAM and C-64QAM, respectively.
Valproic acid hepatic fatalities (1987)

We reviewed all US cases of fatal hepatotoxicity coincident with valproate anticonvulsant therapy that were reported between 1978 and 1984. Thirty-seven hepatic fatalities were determined to have occurred coincident with the use of valproate. All but one patient had such other medical conditions as mental retardation, developmental delay, congenital abnormalities, and other neurologic diseases. The primary risk of fatal hepatic dysfunction (1/500) was found to be in children 0 to 2 years old receiving valproate as polytherapy. The risk declined with age and was low in patients receiving valproate as monotherapy (1/37,000). No hepatic fatalities occurred in patients above the age of 10 years receiving valproate as monotherapy.
A random phase II study of mitoxantrone and cisplatin in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: An ECOG study (1987)

Of 86 patients entered in an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) random Phase II study of mitoxantrone (DHAD) and cisplatin (DDP) in primary liver cancer, 69 were eligible. Nine of the 13 ineligible patients were excluded after a pathology review. Sixty-one percent of the patients were North American, and 39% were South African. The most common severe or the worst toxicity on DHAD was hematologic; and to DDP, hematologic and vomiting. Of the 69 eligible patients, 21 experienced severe, life-threatening or fatal toxic reactions. Two patients treated with DDP had partial responses. With a 95% confidence interval, the true response rate to DHAD was less than 8%, and to DDP, less than 17%. The median survival time was 14 weeks on both drugs. Assuming a proportional hazards model, factors that are significantly associated with survival are patient performance status, the presence of the symptoms, raised bilirubin and hepatomegaly, and clinical evidence of cirrhosis. Any differences between survival rates for South African and North American patients were largely explainable by these factors.
Studies in chain transfer V. Acrylonitrile (1955)

Abstract Chain-transfer coefficients (Cs) with twenty-six different solvents at 60° C for acrylonitrile (M) have been measured by catalyzed polymerization studies using azobisisobutyronitrile (I) as catalyst ([l]/[M] = 6.1 x 10-4 mol/l.). For non-halogenated solvents the Cs values are found to be generally higher by an order than those of styrene, but the relative trend is more or less similar in both cases. The transfer characteristics of acrylonitrile with halogenated solvents are, however, in striking contrast with those of all other monomers so far studied. The halogenated solvents such as CCl4 which are usually extremely high chain-transferring agents are found to be devoid of any special susceptibility to an attack by the free radical of acrylonitrile. It is suggested that the inherent instability of compounds containing the group of &gt;C(Cl)CN is responsible for the above unusual behaviour. The CM and 8 (= k1/2t/kv) for acrylonitrile (60° C) have also been determined and are 2.6 x 10-5 and 2.8 respectively.
Oculomotor capture by transient events: A comparison of abrupt onsets, offsets, motion, and flicker (2008)

Attentional and oculomotor capture by some salient visual event gives insight into what types of dynamic signals the human orienting system is sensitive to. We examined the sensitivity of the saccadic eye movement system to 4 types of dynamic, but task-irrelevant, visual events: abrupt onset, abrupt offset, motion onset and flicker onset. We varied (1) the primary task (contrast vs. motion discrimination) and (2) the amount of prior knowledge of the location of the dynamic event. Interference from the irrelevant events was quantified using a discrimination threshold metric. When the primary task involved contrast discrimination, all four events disrupted performance approximately equally, including the sudden disappearance of an old object. However, when motion was the task-relevant dimension, abrupt onsets and offsets did not disrupt performance at all, but motion onset had a strong effect. Providing more spatial certainty to observers decreased the amount of direct oculomotor capture but nevertheless impaired performance. We conclude that oculomotor capture is predominantly contingent upon the channel the observer monitors in order to perform the primary visual task.
A Novel Changing Athlete Body Real-Time Visual Tracking Algorithm Based on Distractor-Aware SiamRPN and HOG-SVM (2020)

Athlete detection in sports videos is a challenging task due to the dynamic and cluttered background. Distractor-aware SiamRPN (DaSiamRPN) has a simple network structure and can be utilized to perform long-term tracking of large data sets. However, similarly to the Siamese network, the tracking results heavily rely on the given position in the initial frame. Hence, there is a lack of solutions for some complex tracking scenarios, such as running and changing of bodies of athletes, especially in the stage from squatting to standing to running. The Haar feature-based cascade classifier is involved to catch the key frame, representing the video frame of the most dramatic changes of the athletes. DaSiamRPN is implemented as the tracking method. In each frame after the key frame, a detection window is given based on the bounding box generated by the DaSiamRPN tracker. In the new detection window, a fusion method (HOG-SVM) combining features of Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and a linear Support-Vector Machine (SVM) is proposed for detecting the athlete, and the tracking results are updated in real-time by fusing the tracking results of DaSiamRPN and HOG-SVM. Our proposed method has reached a stable and accurate tracking effect in testing on men’s 100 m video sequences and has realized real-time operation.
Self-assembly of fatty acids: from foams to protocell vesicles (2014)

Stable aqueous dispersions of fatty acids can now be obtained and yield multiple applications.
Low Pressure Carbonylation of Epoxides to β‐Lactones (2009)

Abstract 1,2‐Epoxy‐3‐phenoxypropane [N,N'‐ Bis(3,5‐di‐ tert‐ butylsalicylidene)‐1,2‐phenylenediamino‐chromium‐di‐tetrahydrofuran]tetracarbonylcobaltate(1) Carbon monoxide
Thymic epithelial cells use macroautophagy to turn their inside out for CD4 T cell tolerance (2013)

During development in the thymus, each T lymphocyte is equipped with one, essentially unique, T cell receptor (TCR)-specificity. Due to its random nature, this process inevitably also leads to the emergence of potentially dangerous T lymphocytes that may recognize 'self.' Nevertheless, autoimmune tissue destruction, the cause of diseases such as multiple sclerosis and diabetes, is the exception rather than the rule. This state of immunological self-tolerance is to a large degree based upon a process called 'negative selection': prior to joining the circulating lymphocyte pool, immature T cells test their receptor on self-antigens within the thymic microenvironment, and TCR engagement at this immature stage elicits an apoptotic suicide program. We now find evidence that macroautophagy supports the tolerogenic presentation of self-antigens in the thymus.
R. Vaidyanathaswamy. On the group-operations of a Boolean algebra. The journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, n.s. vol. 2 (1936–1937), pp. 250–254. (1937)

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Place, Placelessness, Insideness, and Outsideness in John Sayles' Sunshine State (2008)

John Sayles is one of America's most successful independent filmmakers, whose works include "Return of the Secaucus Seven" (1980), "City of Hope" (1991), and "Lone Star" (1996). This article examines Sayles' portrait of place in "Sunshine State" (2002), a film set in Plantation Island, Florida, where large-scale corporate development is transforming two communities- one black, the other white - into upscale winter resorts. Sayles' film probes the place experience of some sixteen vividly drawn characters and illuminiates how the same physical place, for different individuals and groups, can evoke a broad spectrum of situations, meanings, and potential futures. One of Sayles" conclusions is that people cannot escape the place in which they find themselves. They can, however, learn from that place and thereby decide wheter and in what ways they will offer that place commitment or not.
Soluble Fibrin and D-Dimer as Detectors of Hypercoagulability in Patients with Isolated Brain Trauma (1994)

To test the hypothesis that hypercoagulability after brain trauma was related to the severity of injury and also to outcome, new coagulation markers were used in 20 patients with isolated brain trauma. In addition to routine coagulation tests, soluble fibrin (SF), D-dimer, and antithrombin (AT) levels were assessed. Thirteen of 20 patients had a Glasgow coma score (GCS) of < or = 7 on admission and severe disability (SD) or worse on the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). Eight patients had a very bad outcome [GOS = dead (D) or vegetative (V)]. All patients had increased SF levels (ref. < 15 nmol/L) at admission. Six patients with SF < 50 nmol/L had a good outcome with moderate disability (MD) or better. Patients with increasingly higher SF levels had a worse outcome: Three of five patients with SF 50 to 150 nmol/L were severely disabled (SD) or worse; four of six patients with SF > 150 nmol/L remained vegetative (V) or died (D). Four of the six patients with the highest D-dimer levels at admission remained vegetative (V) or died (D). Six of 13 patients with a significant drop in AT levels had a bad outcome (D or V) whereas only two of seven patients without AT consumption did poorly. Routine coagulation studies were often pathologic, i.e., reduced platelet count, but there was no relation to outcome. Increased SF and D-dimer levels at admission followed by a secondary decrease in AT concentration and platelets seem to be good markers of the posttraumatic hypercoagulation often seen after brain injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanisms and Consequences of Affinity Modulation of Integrin αVβ3 Detected with a Novel Patch-engineered Monovalent Ligand (1999)

Integrin alpha(V)beta(3) mediates diverse responses in vascular cells, ranging from cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation to uptake of adenoviruses. However, the extent to which alpha(V)beta(3) is regulated by changes in receptor conformation (affinity), receptor diffusion/clustering (avidity), or post-receptor events is unknown. Affinity regulation of the related integrin, alpha(IIb)beta(3), has been established using a monovalent ligand-mimetic antibody, PAC1 Fab. To determine the role of affinity modulation of alpha(V)beta(3), a novel monovalent ligand-mimetic antibody (WOW-1) was created by replacing the heavy chain hypervariable region 3 of PAC1 Fab with a single alpha(V) integrin-binding domain from multivalent adenovirus penton base. Both WOW-1 Fab and penton base bound selectively to activated alpha(V)beta(3), but not to alpha(IIb)beta(3), in receptor and cell binding assays. alpha(V)beta(3) affinity varied with the cell type. Unstimulated B-lymphoblastoid cells bound WOW-1 Fab poorly (apparent K(d) = 2.4 microM), but acute stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased receptor affinity >30-fold (K(d) = 80 nM), with no change in receptor number. In contrast, alpha(V)beta(3) in melanoma cells was constitutively active, but ligand binding could be suppressed by overexpression of beta(3) cytoplasmic tails. Up-regulation of alpha(V)beta(3) affinity had functional consequences in that it increased cell adhesion and spreading and promoted adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. These studies establish that alpha(V)beta(3) is subject to rapid regulated changes in affinity that influence the biological functions of this integrin.
Abnormally Differentiated Subsets of Intestinal Macrophage Play a Key Role in Th1-Dominant Chronic Colitis through Excess Production of IL-12 and IL-23 in Response to Bacteria (2005)

Disorders in enteric bacteria recognition by intestinal macrophages (Mphi) are strongly correlated with the pathogenesis of chronic colitis; however the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the roles of Mphi in intestinal inflammation by using an IL-10-deficient (IL-10-/-) mouse colitis model. GM-CSF-induced bone marrow-derived Mphi (GM-Mphi) and M-CSF-induced bone marrow-derived Mphi (M-Mphi) were generated from bone marrow CD11b+ cells. M-Mphi from IL-10-/- mice produced abnormally large amounts of IL-12 and IL-23 upon stimulation with heat-killed whole bacteria Ags, whereas M-Mphi from wild-type (WT) mice produced large amounts of IL-10 but not IL-12 or IL-23. In contrast, IL-12 production by GM-Mphi was not significantly different between WT and IL-10-/- mice. In ex vivo experiments, cytokine production ability of colonic lamina propria Mphi (CLPMphi) but not splenic Mphi from WT mice was similar to that of M-Mphi, and CLPMphi but not splenic Mphi from IL-10-/- mice also showed abnormal IL-12p70 hyperproduction upon stimulation with bacteria. Surprisingly, the abnormal IL-12p70 hyperproduction from M-Mphi from IL-10-/- mice was improved by IL-10 supplementation during the differentiation process. These results suggest that CLPMphi and M-Mphi act as anti-inflammatory Mphi and suppress excess inflammation induced by bacteria in WT mice. In IL-10-/- mice, however, such Mphi subsets differentiated into an abnormal phenotype under an IL-10-deficient environment, and bacteria recognition by abnormally differentiated subsets of intestinal Mphi may lead to Th1-dominant colitis via IL-12 and IL-23 hyperproduction. Our data provide new insights into the intestinal Mphi to gut flora relationship in the development of colitis in IL-10-/- mice.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Oleylamine-Oleic Acid Reduction and Its Use in Making Nanocable by Coaxial Electrospinning (2011)

In the present study, silver nanoparticles were produced by hydrazine hydrate and oleylamine/oleic acid systems in order to investigate the effects of reducing agents with different strengths on the reduction mechanism. Particle size and size distribution of silver particles produced by slow reducing system were studied in detail by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR). Finally, reduction mechanism by oleylamine and oleic acid system was clarified and particles with average diameter of 2.7 nm were produced. Nano-sized particles were then placed at the center of the polymer fibers by coaxial electrospinning and nanocable like structures were produced. SEM and TEM were used for the characterization of these cables.
Identification of the transferrin- and lactoferrin-binding proteins in Haemophilus influenzae (1989)

Surmmary An affinity procedure with purified, biotinylated human transferrin and streptavidin-agarose was used to identify the transferrin-binding proteins in strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Proteins of 58 and 98 Kda were isolated from total membranes prepared from iron-deficient but not iron-sufficient H. influenzae KC548 cells. The 58-Kda protein was capable of binding human transferrin after sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and electroblotting. Isolation of transferrin-binding proteins from type-b and non-typable H. influenzae strains demonstrated some variability in the size of the higher mol. wt protein (94–106 Kda) and in ease of elution of the smaller protein from the affinity resin. Use of purified, biotinylated human lactoferrin in the affinity isolation procedure with membranes from a strain expressing lactoferrin-binding activity resulted in isolation of proteins of 105 and 106 Kda distinct from the transferrin-binding proteins.
Targeting of a conditionally replicative adenovirus agent to human squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (2007)

Conventional cancer treatments are not adequate for the majority of most patients stricken with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN). Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) represent a promising new modality for treating of neoplastic diseases, including SCCHN. Specifically, CRAd agents infect tumor cells and selectively replicate within them, thus causing their death while sparing surrounding normal cells in the host. Oncolysis results from the replicative life cycle of the virus, which lyses infected tumor cells and releases viral progeny for propagation of infection and resultant lysis of neighboring cancer cells, sparing normal host cells. However, to date there have been two main limitations to successful clinical application of these CRAd agents: poor infectivity and poor tumor specificity. Here we report the construction of a CRAd agent, CRAd-CXCR4.F5/3, in which the adenovirus E1 gene is driven by a tumor-specific CXCR4 promoter, and the viral infectivity is enhanced by a fiber modification, F5/3, containing an Ad3 knob chimeric fiber protein. As expected, this agent improved both of the viral infectivity and tumor specificity as evaluated in established SCCHN tumor cell lines and in primary tumor tissues from multiple patients. As an added benefit, the activity of the CXCR4 promoter was low in human liver as described previously. Based on these data, the CRAd-CXCR4.F5/3 is a promising novel CRAd agent for SCCHN targeting with low host toxicity.