gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
837 Short Chain Fatty Acid Profiles Are Altered by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) is a major challenge among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Perturbation of microbiota-mediated metabolism of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) has been reported in IBD patients. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), an established therapy for rCDI, alters gut microbiota composition, but effects on SCFA are unclear. Accordingly, this study assessed SCFA profiles in IBD patients with rCDI pre- and post-FMT. METHODS: This open-label, prospective, single-arm multi-center cohort study enrolled patients from 4 tertiary care centers. Patients with IBD and ≥2 episodes of CDI received a single colonoscopic FMT from a universal stool bank. The primary outcome was CDI recurrence up to week 8 defined as diarrhea and EIA-positive toxin testing for C. difficile . Stool for metabolomic profiling was collected pre-FMT and week 1, 8 and 12 weeks post-FMT. A targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry protocol was used for the identification and quantification of SCFA. SCFA concentrations were analyzed via univariate analysis, comparing groups (e.g. pre- vs post-FMT). RESULTS: 37 participants were enrolled, with mean age of 37.6 years (range 20-76) and primarily female (n = 21, 57%). 14 had Crohn’s disease (CD) (mean HBI = 6.4) and 23 had ulcerative colitis (UC) (mean Partial Mayo Score = 4.5). Mean baseline fecal calprotectin was 1804.8 +/- 2307.7 Overall, 3 participants (8%) experienced FMT failure with confirmed EIA-positive stool, and the there were no related serious adverse events. Among the nine SCFAs assessed, including two branched chain fatty acids (isovalerate and isobutyrate) most were significant altered by FMT, with rapid and sustained changes (with the exception of acetate, in which no change was appreciated) (Figure 1). Additionally, 2-hydroxybutyrate and lactate, two markers of metabolic stress, were significantly reduced after FMT. Furthermore, the baseline stool samples of those who went on to recur were compared to those who did not (Figure 2); though not significant, there was a trend towards reduced baseline levels for butyrate, propionate and caproate among those who recurred. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the largest prospective trial to assess the effect of FMT in patients with IBD-CDI. The data suggests the efficacy and safety profile is better than previous reports. SCFAs were increased significantly post-FMT, and may offer insight into mechanism of clinically efficacy seen in this study.
Automatic Assembly Recording System for Helical Scan Type VTR (1979)

The Automatic Assembly Recording System which eliminates the disturbing noises and flickers shown in playback pictures at each head and/or end of recorded shots has been achieved by the following methods: 1) Short length of recorded tape is automatically rewinded when the pause button is depressed. 2) When the pause button is released, the tape starts running and tape speed is controlled to make the previously recorded vertical sync signal in phase to the vertical sync signal for another shot. 3) After both vertical sync signals are put in-phase to each other, the new recordings are started.
On the substrate specificity of <i>α</i>-crystallin as a molecular chaperone (1995)

alpha-Crystallin, the major protein of the ocular lens, acts as a molecular chaperone by preventing the thermal aggregation of proteins. However, in contrast with many other heat shock proteins, alpha-crystallin fails to protect proteins from aggregation during refolding reactions. Our results indicate that alpha-crystallin has substrate specificity different from other chaperones and recognizes specific non-native intermediates formed on the denaturation pathway only, with no affinity for intermediates formed on the refolding pathway.
Rheology of Sodium Polyacrylate as an Emulsifier Employed in Cosmetic Emulsions (2014)

A set of emulsions containing sodium polyacrylate as emulsifier was prepared. The effect of pH, temperature, and polymer concentration on sample stability was studied. Stability of the sample was evaluated through rheology and the morphology techniques. The sample containing 2% (w/w) sodium polyacrylate exhibited more evident changes in storage G′ and loss G″ moduli with respect to 1% and 1.5% (w/w) samples, evidencing a more structured elastic material, even at high temperatures at which a more stable sample is assumed. For most of the systems studied, the storage modulus (G′) was always higher than the loss modulus (G″) which is attributed to the formation of a strong network arising from the polymer interacting with the oil and aqueous phases; the complexity of this network is related to the action of pH and temperature. These results reveal the conditions at which the polyacrylate offers the best advantages in industrial cosmetic applications, that is, pH levels near 6.5, with a 2% (w/w) polymer concentration and a temperature of 25 °C.
Principal Phenolic Phytochemicals in Selected California Wines and Their Antioxidant Activity in Inhibiting Oxidation of Human Low-Density Lipoproteins (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrincipal Phenolic Phytochemicals in Selected California Wines and Their Antioxidant Activity in Inhibiting Oxidation of Human Low-Density LipoproteinsEdwin N. Frankel, Andrew L. Waterhouse, and Pierre L. TeissedreCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 4, 890–894Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00052a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00052a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2037Altmetric-Citations636LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards Mobile Recognition and Verification of Holograms Using Orthogonal Sampling (2015)

Although holograms provide a reasonable level of security, for lay-people, the inspection is difficult due to the inherent lack of knowledge. Mobile AR setups using off-the-shelf smartphones can provide this information and support the verification process. However, current approaches lack in accuracy or are difficult to instruct to the user. We propose a series of designs for holograms suitable for mobile verification. They support the orthogonal sampling of elements within a constrained space along with an assessment of the capture conditions. We evaluated these designs regarding their verification performance and task completion time. The associated study revealed encouraging results for robust and efficient hologram verification on mobiles using a specially designed security element.
Atlas of phonomicrosurgery and other endolaryngeal procedures for benign and malignant disease (2001)

GENERAL: History. Phonomicrosurgical Management Philosophy Including Performing Artists. Instrumentation. BENIGN VOCAL-FOLD LESIONS: Polyps. Nodules. Varices and Ectasias. Cysts. Granulomas. Polypoid Corditis / Reinkes Edema. Papillomatosis. VOCAL-FOLD INJURY: Sulcus, Scar, Synechia, and Web. Arytenoidectomy and Posterior Cordectomy / Cordotomy. UNUSUAL VOCAL-FOLD PATHOLOGY: Benign Neoplasms. COMPLEX BENIGN CASES: Multiple Lesions. PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT VOCAL-FOLD LESIONS: Vocal Fold Atypia / Dysplasia and Carcinoma. Glottic Reconstruction and Voice Rehabilitation. SUPRAGLOTTAL SURGERY: Supraglottic Cancer. Benign Supraglottic Pathology. SUMMARY AND PROLOGUE.
Conductance and exchange coupling of two ferromagnets separated by a tunneling barrier (1989)

A theory is given for three closely related effects involving a nonmagnetic electron-tunneling barrier separating two ferromagnetic conductors. The first is Julliere's magnetic valve effect, in which the tunnel conductance depends on the angle \ensuremath{\theta} between the moments of the two ferromagnets. One finds that discontinuous change of the potential at the electrode-barrier interface diminishes the spin-polarization factor governing this effect and is capable of changing its sign. The second is an effective interfacial exchange coupling -J cos\ensuremath{\theta} between the ferromagnets. One finds that the magnitude and sign of J depend on the height of the barrier and the Stoner splitting in the ferromagnets. The third is a new, irreversible exchange term in the coupled dynamics of the ferromagnets. For one sign of external voltage V, this term describes relaxation of the Landau-Lifshitz type. For the opposite sign of V, it describes a pumping action which can cause spontaneous growth of magnetic oscillations. All of these effects were investigated consistently by analyzing the transmission of charge and spin currents flowing through a rectangular barrier separating free-electron metals. In application to Fe-C-Fe junctions, the theory predicts that the valve effect is weak and that the coupling is antiferromagnetic (J<0). Relations connecting the three effects suggest experiments involving small spatial dimensions.
p53 and human cancers (1994)

Mutations in the p53 gene are one of the commonest specific genetic changes found in human cancer. The p53 gene is not required for normal development but lack of p53 function confers an enormously elevated risk of developing cancer, thus it seems truly to act as a tumour suppressor gene. The p53 protein is normally present in minute amounts in cells but when cells are exposed to genotoxic stimuli p53 levels rise rapidly and initiate a programme of cell death, probably by means of transcriptional regulation. This response is lost in many tumour cells as they have either inactivated their p53 genes by mutation or blocked the activity of p53 through the production of proteins that bind to it and neutralise it. Mutant p53 proteins accumulate to high levels in many cancer cells and the p53 protein and the p53 response to DNA damage represent key points for therapeutic intervention.
Empirische Untersuchung der Praxis des Devisenmanagements in der Automobil- und der Chemieindustrie (1989)

Im Herbst 1988 führte der Verfasser eine empirischen Untersuchung der Praxis des Devisenmanagements zehn international tätiger deutscher Großunternehmen durch. Da alle betrachteten Unternehmen über die Hälfte des Konzernumsatzes im Ausland erzielen und die Mehrzahl der Unternehmen über ausländische Lieferanten und Produktionsstätten im Ausland verfügt, sind sie in starkem Maße von Wechselkursschwankungen betroffen.
Channel Strain Characterization in Embedded SiGe by Nano-beam Diffraction (2008)

Nano-beam diffraction (NBD) has been successfully used in measuring channel strain in device of embedded SiGe (eSiGe). Strain measurements have been correlated to different processing conditions and microstructures of eSiGe and device performance. For intrinsic eSiGe without growth defect with 15-17%Ge, the average channel strain measured by NBD is ~ -0.55%, consistent with our previous measurement by convergent electron beam diffraction (CBED) and TCAD simulation. For graded eSiGe with average ~22%Ge, the average channel strain measured by NBD is ~ -0.90%, which is lower than the TCAD simulation. Differences between experimental results and simulation are also discussed.
The chemistry of plant cuticles: a study of cutin from <i>Agave americana</i> L (1956)

Research Article| May 01 1956 The chemistry of plant cuticles: a study of cutin from Agave americana L M. Matic M. Matic 1National Chemical Research Laboratory, South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1956) 63 (1): 168–176. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0630168 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation M. Matic; The chemistry of plant cuticles: a study of cutin from Agave americana L. Biochem J 1 May 1956; 63 (1): 168–176. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0630168 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1956 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1956 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
High Performance Work Systems, Person-Organization Fit and Organizational Outcomes (2012)

Previous studies on human resource management have emphasized the relationship between high performance work systems (HPWSs) and organizational performance in strategic human resource management. The extant literature on the intermediate linkage between HPWSs and performance has yield only limited insights into the influence of the use of HPWSs on performance at the organizational level. Also, little attention has been paid to conceptual constructs such as person-organization (P-O) fit as a mediator between the HPWSs and organizational outcomes. Thus, this paper attempts to explore how the linkage of the HPWSs to P-O fit as a mediating variable leads to organizational outcomes. From the literature review, it is proposed that the congruence of workers with their organization positively affects organizational outcomes when it is linked to specific systems. The paper suggests that an organization can improve P-O fit not through control-oriented systems but through high commitment work systems. It concludes with a presentation of three principal propositions associated with HPWSs, P-O fit and organizational outcomes.
Decreased Mortality by Normalizing Blood Glucose after Acute Ischemic Stroke (2006)

Admission hyperglycemia is associated with a worse outcome after stroke than is euglycemia. Normalization of blood glucose during the first 48 hours of hospitalization appears to confer a potent survival benefit in patients with thromboembolic stroke.
Corrosion Engineering: Principles and Practice (2008)

Chapter 1. The Study of Corrosion Chapter 2. Corrosion Basics Chapter 3. Corrosion Electrochemistry Chapter 4. Corrosion Thermodynamics Chapter 5. Corrosion Kinetics and Applications of Electrochemistry to Corrosion Chapter 6. Recognizing the Forms of Corrosion Chapter 7. Corrosion Failures, Factors, and Cells Chapter 8. Corrosion by Water Chapter 9. Atmospheric Corrosion Chapter 10. Corrosion in Soils and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Chapter 11. Materials Selection, Testing, and Design Considerations Chapter 12. Corrosion as a Risk Chapter 13. Cathodic Protection Chapter 14. Protective Coatings Chapter 15. High-Temperature Corrosion Appendix A: Historical Perspective Appendix B: Periodic Table Appendix C: SI Units Conversion Table Index
Single cell analysis reveals gametic and tissue-specific instability of the SCA1 CAG repeat (1994)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a CAG trinucleotide repeat within the SCA1 gene on chromosome 6p22-23. We performed a comparative analysis of the SCA1 CAG repeat from blood and sperm of an affected male. Genomic amplification revealed a broader smear of the SCA1 allele product from sperm compared to that from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). To resolve this observed difference, we analyzed single sperm directly and demonstrate that the SCA1 allele in PBL is also heterogeneous, although the range of variability in allele sizes is much less than that observed in sperm. Limited genome analysis was also performed on PBL DNA from an unaffected individual with an upper normal allele of 36 repeats in parallel with an affected individual with an expanded allele of 40 repeats. The 36 repeat normal allele, which contains a CAT interruption, was completely stable compared to the uninterrupted repeat of the SCA1 allele, demonstrating a direct correlation between absence of a CAT interruption and somatic instability of the repeat. We also analyzed the size of the CAG repeat in tissues derived from various brain regions from a patient with juvenile-onset disease to determine if the sizemore » of the expansion correlated with the site of neuropathology. The results clearly show tissue-specific differences in mosaicism of repeat length. More importantly, the pattern of tissue-specific differences in repeat-length mosaicism in SCA1 within the brain parallels those seen in Huntington disease. In both disorders the expanded alleles are smaller in cerebellar tissue. These results suggest that the observed tissue-specific differences in instability of the SCA1 CAG repeat, either within the brain or between blood and sperm, are a function of the intracellular milieu or the intrinsic replicative potential of the various celltypes.« less
The Dot. Gones and Beyond (2002)

Abstract Now that we've weathered the information revolution, from the “dot coms” to the “dot bombs” and now the “dot gones,” we're left with the aftermath of any revolution: survivors, casualties, fatalities, and a future that is even more uncertain than it once was.
Observed circuit limits to time resolution in correlation measurements with Si-on-sapphire, GaAs, and InP picosecond photoconductors (1984)

We report cross-correlation measurements of the response of photoconductor pulsers and sampling gates excited by a femtosecond laser. The photoconductors were fabricated in microstrip transmission line structures on Si-on-sapphire, semi-insulating GaAs, and semi-insulating InP wafers. The photoconductor sampling gates were ion beam damaged to produce short carrier lifetimes (&lt;3 ps in one case). Damage was introduced with 6 MeV 20Ne on the Si-on-sapphire, 2 MeV 2H on the GaAs, and 2 MeV 4He on the InP. Doses in the range 1012–1015 cm−2 were used. Our results show circuit limits to the time resolution in correlation measurements from two sources: (a) RC time constants due to photoconductor gap capacitance and transmission line characteristic impedance and (b) dispersion in microstrip transmission lines.
Modifications to the Custodis Procedure for Retinal Detachment (1965)

The localized scleral indentation procedure for treatment of retinal detachment is one that we have been using with increasing frequency since first seeing it performed by Dr. Custodis in Dusseldorf in 1958.<sup>1</sup>In recent years we have changed the materials and technique of the procedure in three ways: By replacing the polyviol implant with silicone sponge. By developing an improved scleral needle. By substituting cryopexy for diathermy. The purpose of this paper is to describe the operation with these changes. The operation consists essentially in buckling a soft synthetic implant directly over the retinal hole. The advantages which it provides in suitable cases are that it is a limited operation, usually confined to one quadrant of the eye, no scleral dissection is required, and there is no drainage of subretinal fluid. Dr. Custodis originally used an implant of polyviol, a red rubbery substance made of polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic
Cost-efficient sensor deployment in indoor space with obstacles (2012)

In this paper, we tackle the problem to achieve k-coverage of a target indoor space with obstacles, that is, any point in the target monitoring area has a line-of-sight to and is located in the sensing range r <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> of at least k sensors. We propose heuristic algorithms for computing a deployment pattern achieving the k-coverage in an arbitrary 3D target space with stationary and mobile obstacles, while minimizing the overall deployment cost. For the case with only stationary obstacles, we propose a greedy algorithm that puts sensor nodes one by one on a grid point of the deployable area in the descending order of the cost-performance value (i.e., how many monitoring points are covered by putting a sensor at the deployment point per unit deployment cost). In order to extend the algorithm for the case with a mobile obstacle, we define mobile k-coverage that guarantees k-coverage of a target space for arbitrary position of a mobile obstacle, then provide a sufficient condition for the mobile k-coverage: the half-sphere of radius r <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> centered at a monitoring point bounded by the vertical plane containing the point includes at least k sensor nodes. Based on this condition, we propose a heuristic algorithm that puts at least one sensor node in each π over k+1 spherical wedge for each monitoring point. With the proposed algorithms, we have computed the sensor nodes position in an existing indoor environment and confirmed that the obtained WSN deployment in the real space accurately achieves k-coverage.
Protein Folding as Posttranslational Regulation: Evolution of a Mechanism for Controlled Plasma Membrane Expression of a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (2006)

Recent studies reveal that a number of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and other proteins are expressed inefficiently at the site normally associated with their biological action. In the case of some GPCRs, large amounts of receptor (perhaps more than half) may be destroyed without ever binding ligand or even arriving at the plasma membrane. For the human GnRH receptor (GnRHR), this apparent inefficiency has evolved under strong and convergent evolutionary pressure. The result is a human GnRHR molecule that is delicately balanced between either expression at the plasma membrane (PM) or retention/degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum, an effect mediated by engagement with the cellular quality control system. This balance appears to be the reason that the human receptor, but not the rat or mouse counterpart (which are more robustly routed to the PM), is highly susceptible to single-point mutations that result in disease. A single change in net charge is sufficient to tip the balance in favor of the endoplasmic reticulum and diminish GnRHR available at the PM. The apparent paradox that results from observing convergent pressure for evolution of a receptor that is both inefficiently produced and highly susceptible to mutational disease suggests that this approach must offer a strong advantage. This review focuses on the evolved mechanisms and considers that this is an underappreciated mechanism by which the cell controls functional levels of receptors and other proteins at the posttranslational level.