gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of<i>Pasteurella multocida</i>infection on the pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administrations in rabbits (2009)

The pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin was studied in healthy (n = 12) and Pasteurella multocida infected rabbits (n = 12) after single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations. Six rabbits in each group (control and diseased) were given a single dose of 2 mg/kg body weight (bw) of marbofloxacin intravenously. The other six rabbits in each group were given the same dose of the drug intramuscularly. The concentration of marbofloxacin in plasma was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentrations were higher in diseased rabbits than in healthy rabbits following both routes of injections. Following i.v. administration, the values of the elimination half-life (t(1/2beta)), and area under the curve were significantly higher, whereas total body clearance was significantly lower in diseased rabbits. After i.m. administration, the elimination half-life (t(1/2el)), mean residence time, and maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) were higher in diseased rabbits (5.33 h, 7.35 h and 2.24 microg/mL) than in healthy rabbits (4.33 h, 6.81 h and 1.81 microg/mL, respectively). Marbofloxacin was bound to the extent of 26 +/- 1.3% and 23 +/- 1.6% to plasma protein of healthy and diseased rabbits, respectively. The C(max)/MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and AUC/MIC ratios were significantly higher in diseased rabbits (28 and 189 h) than in healthy rabbits (23 and 157 h), indicating the favorable pharmacodynamic characteristics of the drug in diseased rabbits.
CTGF/Hcs24 induces chondrocyte differentiation through a p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), and proliferation through a p44/42 MAPK/extracellular‐signal regulated kinase (ERK) (2001)

Connective tissue growth factor/hypertrophic chondrocyte specific gene product 24 (CTGF/Hcs24) promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in culture. We investigated the roles of two major types of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the promotion of proliferation and differentiation by CTGF/Hcs24. Here we report the effects of the MAPKK/MEK 1/2 inhibitor, PD098059, and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, in a human chondrosarcoma-derived chondrocytic cell line (HCS-2/8) and rabbit growth cartilage (RGC) cells treated with CTGF/Hcs24. In the proliferation phase, CTGF/Hcs24 induced a approximately fivefold increase in the phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK/ERK and a approximately twofold increase in that of p38 MAPK in an in vivo kinase assay. These inhibitors of MAPKK and MAPK suppressed phosphorylation of ets-like gene-1 (Elk-1) and nuclear activating transcription factor-2 (Atf-2) induced by CTGF/Hcs24 in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Western blot analysis showed that phosphorylation of ERK was induced from 30 to 60 min and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK from 10 to 15 min after the addition of CTGF/Hcs24 in confluence HCS-2/8 cells. PD098059 suppressed the DNA synthesis of HCS-2/8 cells and RGC cells, while SB203580 did not. On the other hand, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, completely inhibited the CTGF/Hcs24-induced synthesis of proteoglycans in HCS-2/8 cells and RGC cells but the MEK1/2 inhibitor, PD098059, did not. These results suggest that ERK mediates the CTGF/Hcs24-induced proliferation of chondrocytes, and that p38 MAPK mediates the CTGF/Hcs24-induced differentiation of chondrocytes.
Findings with the design of a command-based speech interface for a voice mail system (2002)

This paper tells the story of the design of a command-based speech interface for a voice mail system. Speech recognition was integrated in the voice mail system in order to allow the remote interrogation of messages in a speech-only dialogue. Our design goal was that consumers would perceive voice control as a clear benefit versus touch-tone control. It is shown how the speech interface was designed in a top-down approach. We started with a concept development and tested it by means of a Wizard-of-Oz simulation. After refining the concept in parallel design, the design was implemented in a high-fidelity prototype. By means of qualitative user testing it was improved in three iteration steps. We verified the achievement of our design goal with tests in two countries.
Response of Dairy Cows to High Doses of a Sustained-Release Bovine Somatotropin Administered During Two Lactations. 2. Health and Reproduction (1992)

Eighty-two lactating Holstein cows in their first, second, or third lactation received either one, three, or five concurrent i.m. injections of a unit dose (.6 g) of zinc methionyl bST (sometribove) or five doses of the vehicle. Injections were given at 14-d intervals from 60 +/- 3 d postpartum until the end of lactation or necropsy. Thirty-eight animals were continued on treatment for a 2nd yr. Sometribove did not affect the incidence of ketosis, milk fever, tetany, or pneumonia. Digestive disorders, primarily cows going off feed, were increased by bST during yr 1 only. The incidence of lameness was increased by bST in some time frames because of an increase in the 3.0-g bST group. Lameness was not associated with treatment-specific histopathologic changes or with abnormalities in cartilage or bone. Reproductive health generally was unaffected by treatment, but delayed conception and increased incidence of abortion were noted. Incidence of cystic ovaries was unaffected by bST. Pregnancy rates were decreased during the 100-d breeding interval of yr 1 but not during the 215-d interval of yr 2. The incidence of clinical mastitis was increased by bST, primarily at the 3.0-g dose. During the 2-yr study, 0, 3, 3, and 2 cows died or became moribund on 0, .6, 1.8, and 3.0 g of bST, respectively. Health issues identified for further evaluation included lameness and clinical mastitis for the 3.0-g group and early removal from the herd and decreased reproductive performance for all bST groups. Bovine somatotropin caused no treatment-specific toxic effects in dairy cows even at 3.0 g every 14 d.
The molecular cloning of a type II regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase from rat skeletal muscle and mouse brain. (1987)

A cDNA clone for a type II regulatory (R) subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (ATP:protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) was isolated from a rat skeletal muscle library using a specific 47-base oligonucleotide probe. The rat cDNA was 1.2 kilobases (kb) in length and contained an open reading frame of 1.113 kb representing 92% of the coding region of the molecule. Nick-translated rat cDNA was then used to isolate a mouse RII cDNA clone from a brain library that contained an open reading frame of 1.143 kb. Because both cDNAs lacked complete coding sequences, the remainder of the RII coding region was obtained from a 15-kb mouse genomic clone. The mouse RII coding region contains 1.2 kb corresponding to a 400-amino acid protein of 51.141 kDa. The mouse cDNA hybridizes to two mRNA species, a 2.4-kb form that was only observed in testis and a 6.0-kb form found in a wide range of tissues, including testis.
Optimizing H1 cavities for the generation of entangled photon pairs (2009)

International audience
Domains of Macrophage NO Synthase Have Divergent Roles in Forming and Stabilizing the Active Dimeric Enzyme (1996)

The cytokine-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is a flavin-containing hemeprotein that must dimerize to generate NO. Trypsin cleaves the dimeric enzyme into an oxygenase domain fragment that remains dimeric, contains heme and H4biopterin, and binds L-arginine and a reductase domain fragment that is monomeric, binds NADPH, FAD, FMN, and catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c [Ghosh, D. K. & Stuehr, D. J. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 801-807]. The current study investigates the isolated oxygenase and reductase domains of iNOS to understand how they form and stabilize the active dimeric enzyme. The dimeric oxygenase domain dissociated into folded, heme-containing monomers when incubated with 2-5 M urea, whereas the reductase domain unfolded under these conditions and lost its ability to catalyze NADPH-dependent cytochrome c reduction. Spectral analysis of the dissociation reaction showed that it caused structural changes within the oxygenase domain and exposed the distal side of the heme to solvent, enabling it to bind dithiothreitol as a sixth ligand. Importantly, the oxygenase domain monomers could reassociate into a dimeric form even in the absence of the reductase domain. The reaction required L-arginine and H4biopterin and completely reversed the structural changes in heme pocket and protein structure that occurred upon dissociating the original dimer. Together, this confirms that the oxygenase domain contains all of the determinants needed for subunit dimerization and indicates that the dimeric structure greatly affects the heme and protein environment in the oxygenase domain.
Cloning of the Alcaligenes eutrophus alcohol dehydrogenase gene (1988)

Mutants of Alcaligenes eutrophus which are altered with respect to the utilization of 2,3-butanediol and acetoin were isolated after transposon mutagenesis. The suicide vehicle pSUP5011 was used to introduce the drug resistance transposable element Tn5 into A. eutrophus. Kanamycin-resistant transconjugants of the 2,3-butanediol-utilizing parent strains CF10141 and AS141 were screened for mutants impaired in the utilization of 2,3-butanediol or acetoin. Eleven mutants were negative for 2,3-butanediol but positive for acetoin; they were unable to synthesize active fermentative alcohol dehydrogenase protein (class 1). Forty mutants were negative for 2,3-butanediol and for acetoin (class 2). Tn5-mob was also introduced into a Smr derivative of the 2,3-butanediol-nonutilizing parent strain H16. Of about 35,000 transconjugants, 2 were able to grow on 2,3-butanediol. Both mutants synthesized the fermentative alcohol dehydrogenase constitutively (class 3). The Tn5-labeled EcoRI fragments of genomic DNA of four class 1 and two class 3 mutants were cloned from a cosmid library. They were biotinylated and used as probes for the detection of the corresponding wild-type fragments in a lambda L47 and a cosmid gene bank. The gene which encodes the fermentative alcohol dehydrogenase in A. eutrophus was cloned and localized to a 2.5-kilobase (kb) SalI fragment which is located within a 11.5-kb EcoRI-fragment. The gene was heterologously expressed in A. eutrophus JMP222 and in Pseudomonas oxalaticus. The insertion of Tn5-mob in class 3 mutants mapped near the structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase on the same 2.5-kb SalI fragment.
Colorimetric methods for bromine (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric methods for bromineFrank W. Sollo, Jr., Thurston E. Larson, and Florence F. McGurkCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1971, 5, 3, 240–246Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60050a009https://doi.org/10.1021/es60050a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views770Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Pyruvic Acid Analog Primarily Targets GAPDH To Promote Cancer Cell Death (2009)

The objective of the current study is to elucidate the principal mechanism underlying the anti‐glycolytic effect of the pyruvic acid analog, 3‐bromopyruvic acid (3‐BrPA). Up regulation of glycolysis is a common event witnessed in majority of tumors. 3‐BrPA induces tumor cell death by depleting intracellular energy (ATP) through inhibition of glycolysis. Previous reports claimed 3‐BrPA as an energy blocker targeting the enzyme, type II hexokinase. However, substantial experimental evidences on the primary targets, essentially involved in the 3BrPA cytotoxicity, are lacking. Here, we used a combination of dose‐response studies coupled with proteomics in multiple cancer cell lines to identify the molecular targets of 3‐BrPA in an unbiased fashion. Radiolabeled 3BrPA studies showed glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as the primary chemical and biological target at a dose that induced cell death. Loss of function studies through RNA interference (RNAi) confirmed the necessity of GAPDH for cell survival. Hence, we provide evidence for the first time that GAPDH is the primary molecular target of 3‐BrPA. This study was supported by NIH/NCI grant RO1 CA 100883‐01 (J.F.G), Charles Wallace Pratt Research Fund and the Abdulrahman Abdulmalik Liver Cancer Research Fund.
Molecular weight-sensitive separation of a bimodal polymer mixture using nanoscale porous materials (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular weight-sensitive separation of a bimodal polymer mixture using nanoscale porous materialsIwao Teraoka, Ziming Zhou, Kenneth H. Langley, and Frank E. KaraszCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 22, 6081–6084Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00074a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pharmacological and genetic reappraisals of protease and oxidative stress pathways in a mouse model of obstructive lung diseases (2016)

Protease-antiprotease imbalance and oxidative stress are considered to be major pathophysiological hallmarks of severe obstructive lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF), but limited information is available on their direct roles in the regulation of pulmonary phenotypes. Here, we utilized βENaC-transgenic (Tg) mice, the previously established mouse model of severe obstructive lung diseases, to produce lower-mortality but pathophysiologically highly useful mouse model by backcrossing the original line with C57/BL6J mice. C57/BL6J-βENaC-Tg mice showed higher survival rates and key pulmonary abnormalities of COPD/CF, including mucous hypersecretion, inflammatory and emphysematous phenotypes and pulmonary dysfunction. DNA microarray analysis confirmed that protease- and oxidative stress-dependent pathways are activated in the lung tissue of C57/BL6J-βENaC-Tg mice. Treatments of C57/BL6J-βENaC-Tg mice with a serine protease inhibitor ONO-3403, a derivative of camostat methylate (CM), but not CM, and with an anti-oxidant N-acetylcystein significantly improved pulmonary emphysema and dysfunction. Moreover, depletion of a murine endogenous antioxidant vitamin C (VC), by genetic disruption of VC-synthesizing enzyme SMP30 in C57/BL6J-βENaC-Tg mice, exaggerated pulmonary phenotypes. Thus, these assessments clarified that protease-antiprotease imbalance and oxidative stress are critical pathways that exacerbate the pulmonary phenotypes of C57/BL6J-βENaC-Tg mice, consistent with the characteristics of human COPD/CF.
A proposal of policy based OpenFlow network management (2013)

The OpenFlow architecture is a proposal from the Clean Slate initiative to define a new Internet architecture where the network devices are simple, and the control and management plane is performed by a centralized controller. The simplicity and centralization architecture makes it reliable and inexpensive. However enterprise network administrators are not familiar with this new concept of network management and there is a shortage of tools that simplify the task of manage a OpenFlow network using a simple interface. The concept of policies is easier to grasp than the concept of OpenFlow flows, because companies use policy to express employee rights and duties in a particular context. This paper proposes a Policy Based OpenFlow Network Management (PBONM) framework to manage the OpenFlow networks using the policies definition language like Ponder to define OpenFlow flows of easy way for the network administrators.
Optimal operation of electric vehicles in competitive electricity markets and its impact on distribution power systems (2011)

Since the hourly spot market price is available one day ahead in Denmark, the electricity price could be transferred to the consumers and they may make some optimal charge and discharge schedules for their electric vehicles in order to minimize their energy costs. This paper presents an optimal operation strategy for a Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) in relation to the hourly electricity price in order to achieve minimum energy costs of the PEV. The western Danish power system, which is currently the grid area in the world that has the largest share of wind power in its generation profiles and may represent the future of electricity markets in some ways, is chosen as the studied power system in this paper. The impact of the optimal operation strategy for electric vehicles together with the optimal load response to spot market price on the distribution power system with high wind power penetrations are also discussed in the paper. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal operation strategy is an effective measure to achieve minimum energy costs of the PEV. The optimal operation strategy of the PEV and the optimal load response may have significant effects on the distribution power system normal operation.
A High Performance Low Temperature Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (2017)

A high performance direct carbon fuel cell is developed, where Ni-Gd<sub>0.1</sub>Ce<sub>0.9</sub>O<sub>2-x</sub> cermet, a molten carbonate composite, and Sm<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>0.5</sub>CoO<sub>3 </sub>are used as anode, electrolyte, and cathode, respectively. The cell can be operated at relatively low temperatures with power densities of 188, 108 and 48 mWcm<sup>-2</sup> being achieved at 600, 550, and 500°C, respectively, when graphite-carbonate and CO<sub>2</sub>-O<sub>2</sub> mixture are used as fuel and oxidant.
Graphischer Arbeitsplatz (1989)

In diesem Kapitel wollen wir einige Geräte besprechen, die die wesentlichen Bestandteile eines graphischen Arbeitsplatzes bilden. Im Gegensatz zu den Anfangsjahren der Computergraphik, als die Behandlung graphischer Aufgabenstellungen mit dem Computer den Benutzern von Großrechnern vorbehalten war, ist heutzutage bereits auf den meisten Personal-Computern eine durchaus leistungsfähige Graphik realisierbar. Da sich dieses Buch vorwiegend an die Benutzer solcher Systeme wendet und die Behandlung von Großrechnern nebst zugehöriger Software bewußt ausschließt, sollen an dieser Stelle kurz die Grundkomponenten eines Mikrocomputer-Systems und die Grundfragestellungen der folgenden Kapitel erwähnt werden. Der Benutzer wird darüber hinaus ermutigt, in einer Vielzahl von Aufgaben sein eigenes System kennenzulernen und seine Kenntnisse zu prüfen. Die Antworten auf viele der aufgeworfenen Fragen sind den folgenden Kapiteln vorbehalten.
Multiexponential<i>T</i><sub>2</sub>, magnetization transfer, and quantitative histology in white matter tracts of rat spinal cord (2010)

Quantitative MRI measures of multiexponential T(2) relaxation and magnetization transfer were acquired from six samples of excised and fixed rat spinal cord and compared with quantitative histology. MRI and histology data were analyzed from six white matter tracts, each of which possessed unique microanatomic characteristics (axon diameter and myelin thickness, in particular) but a relatively constant volume fraction of myelin. The results indicated that multiexponential T(2) relaxation characteristics varied substantially with variation of microanatomy, while the magnetization transfer characteristics remained close to constant. The most-often-cited multiexponential T(2) relaxation metric, myelin water fraction, varied by almost a factor of 2 between two regions with myelin volume fractions that differed by only approximately 12%. Based on the quantitative histology, the proposed explanation for this variation was intercompartmental water exchange, which caused the underestimation of myelin water fraction and T(2) values and is, presumably, a greater factor in white matter regions where axons are small and myelin is thin. In contrast to the multiexponential T(2) relaxation observations, magnetization transfer metrics were relatively constant across white matter tracts and concluded to be relatively insensitive to intercompartmental water exchange.
Hyperconcentrated platelets stored in additive solution: aspects on productivity and <i>in vitro</i> quality (2005)

TRIMA V4 is a suitable device for the collection of DPs. Nevertheless, improvements are desirable to further increase the ability to concentrate PLTs at very high levels. The storage of apheresis-derived PLTs in PAS III-M is a very promising approach, even at a plasma carryover of < 30%.
Meltdown (2020)

Lessons learned from Meltdown's exploitation of the weaknesses in today's processors.
Upstream Impedance Diagnostic for Three-Phase Induction Motors (2007)

This paper presents a simple method of diagnosing the upstream impedance of a three-phase induction motor by analyzing the across-the-line startup current and voltage time-waveforms. Thermography is currently the only industrial method capable of detecting upstream contact resistance problems, but it requires line of sight to the location of the problem. The proposed method does not have this drawback. The accuracy of the resistive unbalance threshold settings used with muOmega-meters to diagnose downhill contact resistance issues in industrial settings was exceeded with the proposed methods in a laboratory implementation.