gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Processing and Characterization of Stable, pH-Sensitive Layer-by-Layer Modified Colloidal Quantum Dots (2013)

Quantum Dots (QDs) stabilized with dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) were used as a template for layer-by-layer (LbL) modification to study the effect on the QD optical properties. We studied several different polyelectrolytes to determine that large quantities of monodisperse DHLA-QDs could only be obtained with the weak polyelectrolyte pair of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The key to this success was the development of a two-step method to split the LbL process into adsorption and centrifugation phases, which require different pH solutions for optimum success. Solution pH is highlighted as an important factor to achieve sufficient QD surface coverage and QD recovery during wash cycles. We optimized the process to scale up synthesis by introducing a solvent precipitation step before ultracentrifugation that, when coupled with the correct pH conditions, results in a mean QD recovery of 86-90% after three wash cycles. We found that adsorption of PAH had a negligible effect on the quantum yield and lifetime but an additional layer of PAA resulted in a substantial decrease in both quantum yield and lifetime that could not be recovered by the addition of more layers. The PAH coating provides a protective coating that extends DHLA-QDs stability, prevents photo-oxidation mediated aggregation, alleviates concerns over batch variability, and results in pH-dependent emission.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the U.S. (2013)

NASH is the second leading etiology of HCC leading to LT in the U.S. More important, NASH is currently the most rapidly growing indication for LT in patients with HCC in the U.S.
LowModeMD—Implicit Low-Mode Velocity Filtering Applied to Conformational Search of Macrocycles and Protein Loops (2010)

We present a method for conformational search of complex molecular systems such as macrocycles and protein loops. The method is based on perturbing an existing conformation along a molecular dynamics trajectory using initial atomic velocities with kinetic energy concentrated on the low-frequency vibrational modes, followed by energy minimization. A novel Chebyshev polynomial filter is used to heavily dampen the high-frequency components of a randomly generated Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity vector. The method is very efficient, even for large systems; it is straightforward to implement and requires only standard force-field energy and gradient evaluations. The results of several computational experiments suggest that the method is capable of efficiently sampling low-strain energy conformations of complex systems with nontrivial nonbonded interaction networks.
Steadily improving health conditions. JICA Reproductive Health Project. Nghe An province. (1999)

The maternal and child health and family planning (MCH/FP) level in Nghe An Province, Vietnam, has been substantially improved by campaigns for better health. For example, the contraceptive prevalence rate has sharply increased from 44% in 1993 to 76% in 1999. Such an achievement is attributed to the leaders' strong commitment to MCH/FP. They consistently directed the Health Department to develop challenging programs and campaigns. In addition, their commitment is translated into the allocation of the big amount for the health program, including MCH/FP. However, Tran Thi Thien, vice-director of the Health Department of Nghe An Province, states that such a level of MCH/FP is not satisfactory. One of the major reasons is the existence of a big gap in health services among the 19 districts. The mountainous districts are poorer compared to the plains districts. To fill this gap, strategies for MCH/FP development have been adopted. These include 1) training of health staff; 2) providing support to related agencies; 3) renovating health facilities; 4) providing medical equipment and instruments; and 5) development of special information, education and communication services for mountainous districts. Development of this alternative program has been greatly assisted by international donors such as the UN Population Fund, the Japan International Cooperation Agency and the World Bank.
A Review of Impaired Neuroplasticity in Schizophrenia Investigated with Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (2016)

Our review of the literature reveals evidence for disrupted neuroplasticity in SCZ and its close association to alterations in cortical inhibition and dysfunctional intracortical connectivity. Further investigations are required to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie dysfunctional plasticity in SCZ in order to develop more targeted therapeutic interventions for SCZ patients.
Preparation of narrow pores carbon suitable for hydrogen sulfide adsorption (1985)

Abstract Microporous N‐containing activated carbon (N‐CAC) suitable for hydrogen sulfide adsorption was prepared by impregnating raw activated carbon with a 25% methylol melamine urea solution and then heating it at different temperatures from 100 to 1000°C. The structures of raw activated carbon and N‐CAC Ho. 8 carbonized at the most suitable temperature 850°C have been discussed based on applying the Dubinin‐Radushkevich equation to adsorption isotherm of hydrogen sulfide. The 12.2% increase in micropore volume of N‐CAC No. 8 result from the numerical increase of micropores rather than radial expansion of micropores. The relation of q and AS could be consistently explained by the interaction of hydrogen sulfide with micropores of adsorbents.
The Approximate Networks of Acoustic Filters (1930)

The approximate equivalent electrical networks of acoustic filters are developed in this paper, from the lumped-constant approximation networks for electric lines. In terms of this network, design formulæ have been developed for all single band pass filters. It is possible, from these formulae, to determine the physical dimensions of an acoustic filter necessary to have a given attenuation and impedance characteristic.
Theory of electron cyclotron maser interaction in a cavity at the harmonic frequencies (1978)

A theory of the cyclotron maser interaction between an annular electron beam and the standing electromagnetic wave in a cavity structure is formulated on the basis of the relativistic Vlasov equation and the Maxwell equations. Detailed analytical expressions for the beam-wave coupling coefficient, beam energy gain, and threshold beam power have been derived for the fundamental and higher cyclotron harmonics. Physical interpretations of these results and comparison with cyclotron maser interactions in a waveguide structure are presented. Methods of parameter optimization and their applications to experiments are illustrated through numerical examples.
A Sub-mW Fractional-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> ADPLL With FOM of −246 dB for IoT Applications (2018)

This paper presents a sub-mW fractional-N all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) with scalable power consumption, which achieves an figure of merit (FOM) of -246 dB. The proposed 10-b ultralow-power isolated constant-slope digital-to-time converter (DTC) achieves a 580-fs resolution and a measured integral nonlinearity (INL) of 870 fs with 0.14-mW power consumption at 52 MS/s. A narrow-range time amplifier (TA)-time-to-digital converter (TDC) with gain calibration minimizes both the in-band phase noise degradation and the loop-bandwidth variation. In addition, a coarse-DPLL is introduced with dead-zone function, which reduces the phase lock time to 4.2 μs at a 13-MHz frequency error. The coarse-DPLL monitors large frequency and phase jump in the background while consuming almost zero power. In an ultralow power mode, the proposed fractional-N ADPLL consumes a 0.65-mW power with a 26-MHz reference. A rms jitter of 1.00 ps and -50-dBc in-band fractional spur are achieved with a -242-dB FOM. In high-performance mode, a reference doubler is utilized, the jitter and spurs can be improved to 535 fs and -56 dBc, respectively, while consuming 0.98 mW. The proposed ADPLL with scalable power and jitter performance can be utilized for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, such as Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and Wi-Fi networks.
Defective B-Lymphocyte Function in Homosexual Men in Relation to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (1984)

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifest a wide spectrum of immunologic abnormalities. Polyclonal and antigen-specific differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulin- and antibody-secreting cells was studied in vitro in three groups of homosexual volunteers: asymptomatic men; men who were symptomatic but lacked clinical criteria for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; and those having the syndrome. Although mean responses of all three groups were significantly lower than those of healthy heterosexual male controls, those of the asymptomatic group were least affected. Abnormalities in the symptomatic group were equal to or greater than those of patients with the syndrome, but responses of the latter group were the least augmentable by in vitro manipulations. Severe impairment of B-cell function appeared to favor clinical deterioration. Antibody replenishment might be of value as adjunctive therapy in persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or as prophylaxis in certain at-risk persons.
Development of tolerance to the effects of vigabatrin (γ‐vinyl‐GABA) on GABA release from rat cerebral cortex, spinal cord and retina (1990)

1. The effects of acute and chronic vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl-GABA) (GVG) administration on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and release in rat cortical slices, spinal cord slices and retinas were studied. 2. GVG (250 mgkg-1 i.p.) administered to rats 18 h before death (acute administration) produced an almost 3 fold increase in GABA levels of the cortex and spinal cord and a 6 fold increase in retinal GABA. The levels of glutamate, aspartate, glycine and taurine were unaffected. 3. When GVG (250 mgkg-1 i.p.) was administered daily for 17 days (chronic administration) a similar (almost 3 fold) increase in cortical GABA occurred but the increases in spinal and retinal GABA were reduced by approximately 40%. 4. Acute administration of GVG strikingly increased the potassium-evoked release (KCl 50 mM) of GABA from all three tissues. This enhanced evoked release was reduced by about 50% in tissues taken from rats that had been chronically treated with GVG. 5. Acute administration of GVG reduced GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) activity by approximately 80% in cortex and cord and by 98% in the retina. Following the chronic administration of GVG, there was a trend for GABA-T activities to recover (significant only in cortex). Acute administration of GVG had no effect on glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity in cortex or spinal cord. However, chronic treatment resulted in significant decreases in GAD activity in both the cortex and cord (35% and 50% reduction respectively). 6. The K-evoked release of glutamate, aspartate, glycine and taurine from cortical slices and the Kevoked release of glycine from spinal slices and retinas were not affected by either acute or chronic GVG treatment. 7. These experiments indicate that GVG treatment increases specifically the K-evoked release of GABA and that tolerance can develop to this enhancing effect of GVG on central GABA release. This tolerance may result from increased feedback inhibition of GAD with a consequent reduction of presynaptic GABA stores.
Cat and Fiddle (2013)

Lesley Jorgensen. Cat and Fiddle (Scribe, 2013)It's a slightly risky venture, playing with the classics. Writing sequels is probably the most perilous of all, but even what Lesley Jorgensen does in Cat and Fiddle can founder. However, she steers confidently among the jagged rocks of pastiche and the hidden currents of slavish imitation, and brings her novel safely into the lively port of romantic comedy with a firm hand on the tiller of satire and affectionate parody.The novel brings together two families, in keeping with the tradition of the great classics of ficiton. The Bournes are English landed gentry, slowly clawing their way back to prosperity with the help of the National Trust and a strategic marriage to a Greek heiress. The Choudhurys are Bangladeshi immigrants who represent an intriguing combination of Western education and Muslim traditions, the parents as well as the children straddling, sometimes in unexpected ways, the often uncomfortable divide between the beliefs and values that make them who they are, and the pressures to become more like their British compatriots.The classic to which this novel most clearly alludes is Pride and Prejudice, and in its bicentenary year this link will be given prominence in the marketing. It is not the only Austen novel which surfaces, often in the tiniest hints, but it is the most fundamental to the novel's structure. Thus we have a rich, upper class man (Richard Bourne) attracted to an intelligent woman outside his usual circle (Rohimun Choudhury), who initially despises him, and who has a mother keen on getting all her children safely married. There is a slightly disreputable younger sister (Shunduri) - but only one, and also an older brother (Tariq) with his own very modern set of problems. The parents' marriage provides another parallel, but none of these similarities are straightforward. Mrs Begum, despite her obsession with matrimony, is no Mrs Bennet: when Austen writes that Elizabeth's mother is 'occasionally nervous, and invariably silly', it is the omniscient narrator speaking. When Jorgensen writes that Mrs Begum is 'incessantly active and occasionally silly' (377), however, this is not only a less harsh judgement, but it is her husband, Dr Choudhury, who makes it, and it is compromised by the reader's understanding that Dr Choudhury is, despite his belief to the contrary, not actually in a position to take the high moral or intellectual ground in his marriage. He is vain and obtuse about many things, and, despite his academic achievements, is unaware how skilfully his wife manages him.I would suggest that pursuing the parallels between the plots of the two novels is a diversion best avoided. Cat and Fiddle can stand very well on its own without needing to borrow the lustre of its forbear, and I found that speculating on which character in Pride and Prejudice equates to Tariq, or where Richard's brother Henry and his wife might slot into Austen's story, only distracted me from my absorption in this very engrossing novel. Jorgensen's narrator is often witty, but the multiplicity of narrative points of view is another point of difference from Austen. …
Smart detection of atrial fibrillation (2016)

The algorithm tested reliably discriminated between SR and AF based on pulse wave signals from a smartphone camera only. Implementation of this algorithm into a smartwatch is the next logical step.
Flow-Diverter Stent for the Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms (2010)

Despite the potential interest of the Silk flow-diverter stent to treat complex intracranial aneurysms without coils, the delayed complication rate is quite high and leads to use this technique only in selective cases.
Effect of Viscosity Ratio on Relative Permeability (includes associated paper 1496-G) (1959)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 216, 1959, pages 346–353.Additional discussion published in Journal of Petroleum Technology, Volume 12, Number 11, November, 1960, pages 65–66. Abstract The mechanism of two-phase flow in porous media has been a subject of wide controversy. One of the properties essential for understanding the dynamic behavior of two phase flow is relative permeability. Relative permeability to a certain phase is defined as the ratio of the effective permeability of that phase to its permeability when it is the only fluid present and flowing. In this research, a theoretical analysis was made to determine the effect of viscosity ratio between the non-wetting and the wetting phase on relative permeability. Experimental work was conducted to test the validity of the derived equations. The experiment was conducted on four natural cores. Four oils were used as the non-wetting phases with a viscosity range of 0.42 to 71.30 cp and two wetting phases with a viscosity range of 0.86 to 0.96 cp. Oil and brine were made to flow simultaneously at various ratios, and relative permeability curves were constructed. A total of eight relative permeability cycles representing eight viscosity ratios were run on each sample. It was found that relative permeability to the nonwetting phase varies with viscosity ratio. The relative effect of this variation on relative permeability values was a function of the sample's single-phase permeability, decreasing with its increase. It was concluded that, for samples of single-phase permeability over 1 darcy, the effect of viscosity ratio could be disregarded, and relative permeability would be, in effect, a function of saturation only. Introduction Two-phase as well as multiphase flow occurs in many fields of science. This type of flow is of particular interest in petroleum production. The knowledge of relative permeability, which describes the dynamic behavior of two-phase as well as multiphase flow, is essential for solution of problems arising in that field. The relative permeability of a porous medium to a given phase in multiphase flow, is generally considered to be only a function of the saturation of that phase, independent of the properties of fluids involved and ranging in value from zero to unity. Work by Leverett and Leverett and Lewis apparently supports this concept. In his experiments Leverett used a clean, packed unconsolidated sand of high permeability (3.2 to 6.2 darcies) with two phases (water and oil) flowing and a viscosity ratio range of 0.057 to 90.0. His results showed that the wide range of viscosity had practically no effect on relative permeability-saturation relationship.
Mechanism-based inhibition of thymine hydroxylase (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism-based inhibition of thymine hydroxylaseLora D. Thornburg and Joanne StubbeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 19, 7632–7633Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00201a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00201a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fatty acid pattern of esterified and free fatty acids in sera of women with normal and pre‐eclamptic pregnancy (1995)

We observed that the level and composition of circulating free fatty acids were already altered 10-20 weeks before the clinical onset of pre-eclampsia. When the disease became overt there were changes in both esterified and free fatty acids.
3D Printing and Personalized Airway Stents (2017)

In recent years, the 3D printing industry has undergone rapid development. Clinicians and researchers have begun to apply this technology in procedural planning, tissue engineering, and device manufacturing. Rapid prototyping and additive manufacturing techniques in the healthcare field have already yielded very exciting results and point to a bright future involving these technologies. This is especially true in pulmonology. 3D printing industry growth is accompanied by increased availability of 3D printers and printable materials, which offers exciting arrays of possible applications. In this review, we present a brief history of 3D printing and its applications in the medical field with a focus on pulmonology. Additionally, we describe a methodology on how to 3D model and print personalized airway prosthesis via 3D Slicer and a commercial 3D printer. We hope this will help to stimulate additional innovation and application of 3D printing in medicine.
RAGE on the Toll Road? (2006)

Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are cellular pattern-recognizing receptors (PRRs) that recognize the molecular patterns of pathogens. After engaging the pathogenic patterned ligands, the cytosolic portion of the TLRs in monocytes and macrophages, recruits adaptor proteins, via a receptor-driven signaling cascade, activates the transcription factor NF-kappaB, leading to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which trigger inflammation. Such rapid, innate cellular responses serve as the first line of host defense against infection by pathogens, and also stimulate the adaptive immune system to clear the invading microbes. Increasing evidence suggests that TLRs also recognize host-derived ligands, linking this group of PRRs to diseases that may not have an etiology that is associated directly with infections. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are nonenzymatically glycated or oxidated proteins, lipids and nucleic acids that are formed in the environment of oxidant stress and hyperglycemia. Binding of AGEs to their receptor RAGE initiates cellular signals that activate NF-kappaB, which results in transcription of proinflammatory factors. RAGE can also interact with other endogenous ligands generated by cell death and tissue injuries. RAGE has been implicated in chronic diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodisorders, cancers, as well as aging. This review discusses the possible role of RAGE as a PRR that may use signaling mechanisms parallel to TLRs', to solicit inflammatory reactions. Thus, in this scenario, RAGE may play a prominent role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis in the context of complex disease progression.
Challenges for the integration of metal gate electrodes (2005)

Integration challenges for metal gate electrodes including the presence of Fermi level pinning and the impact of interface chemistry on the effective metal work function are discussed. Gate stack thermal instabilities are explored, and for the first time results using tantalum-carbon based electrodes are presented.
EEG Indices Distinguish Spatial and Verbal Working Memory Processing: Implications for Real-Time Monitoring in a Closed-Loop Tactical Tomahawk Weapons Simulation (2005)

This effort focused on developing EEG-derived indicators of verbal versus spatial working memory load. A wireless EEG headset acquired data during execution of both simple and complex tasks associated with a Tactical Tomahawk Weapons Control System (TTWCS). The results established the feasibility of characterizing EEG correlates specific to verbal and spatial working memory. The next goal is to leverage these real-time working memory indices as a feedback loop to direct closed-loop human-system interaction. Specifically, if the preliminary EEG indices derived in this study, in combination with other physiological or behavioral inputs, are shown to relate to the degree of working memory overload in the TTWCS or similar tasks, they could provide a valuable contribution to real-time adaptive aiding of human-system interaction. 1