gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy to the Analysis of Fish and Other Aquatic Food Products (2001)

Abstract Nowadays, people have come to realize the importance of fish and seafood in their diet. Various studies and researches have proved that the best sources of good fats, vitamins, and minerals to promote good health can actually be found in different seafoods. However, the quality of fish and fishery products has always been difficult to define, and is typically based on the general perception of the consumer evaluating the product. With increasing globalization of fishery product sales, processors, consumers, and regulatory officials have been seeking rapid and reliable methods for determining the authenticity, freshness as well as quality of these products. During the last decade spectroscopic techniques have become established as one of the more important and powerful tools of modern industrial analysis; This includes the use of these techniques in the food sector, especially for on‐line, in‐line or at‐line analysis. In the seafood industry, vibrational spectroscopy is the most widely used technique for quantitative and qualitative analysis of fish and related products. Here, we have summarized the latest practical vibrational spectroscopic techniques for assessing, measuring, and predicting the quality of fish and other seafood.
Biology of the HIV Nef protein. (2005)

The accessory Nef protein is expressed by all primate lentiviruses--HIV-1,HIV-2 and simian immune deficiency virus (SIV). Its expression in the early stages of the viral life cycle ensures two basic attributes of HIV infection. These are T-cell activation and the establishment of a persistent state of infection. Nef has a positive effect on viral infection and replication by promoting the survival of infected cells. Its role in HIV persistence is based largely on the ability of Nef to downmodulate the surface levels of important molecules at the immune synapse. These include major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC I) and (MHC II) present on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and target cells, and CD4 and CD28 present on helper T cells. In this review we present these biological properties of Nef from a mechanistic point of view, and relate them to the structural attributes and interactions of the Nef protein. A brief outline of the limited studies on Nef from Indian subtype C HIV-1 isolates is also presented.
Claas CVT Development for Different Applications in Commercial Vehicles (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Claas Industrietechnik (CIT), the component company in the Claas group active in the market segment of agricultural machines, looks back on 12 years' experience in the development, production and use of continuously variable transmissions. This paper summarizes the company's experience and presents TRAXION, a new model range in transmissions that has resulted from it. Beginning with the target markets and vehicle applications, it will demonstrate the demands made on the transmissions, the concept chosen and the manner of operation. Moreover, the presentation provides insights into the electronic controls and their development. The contents of the test program, the test stands and vehicles required as well as preliminary results will round off the picture.</div>
Surface modification of YBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7- delta</sub>thin films using the scanning tunneling microscope: five methods (1994)

We have investigated using the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) as a tool for surface modification of YBa2Cu3O7- delta (YBCO) thin films and have identified five distinct methods whereby the STM tip can modify the superconductor surface. (i) By lowering the tunneling resistance we make the tip scratch or 'mill' the sample surface mechanically. (ii) By increasing the bias voltage above about 4 V we can modify the surface by an apparent electron beam damaging process. (iii) By increasing the bias voltage above 10 V and raising the tunneling current, we can cause a more dramatic effect which is probably due to a thermal process. (iv) By operating the STM in a damp carbon dioxide atmosphere we can cause the STM tip to etch the surface electrochemically. (v) Finally, we have some preliminary data suggesting that the high field under an extremely sharp tip displaces the oxygen atoms in the YBCO lattice. Examples of each of these techniques are shown and discussed.
Identification of Agonistic and Antagonistic Antibodies against gp190, the Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor, Reveals Distinct Roles for Its Two Cytokine-binding Domains (2001)

The receptor for the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) associates the low affinity binding component gp190 and the high affinity converter gp130, both of which are members of the family of hematopoietic receptors characterized by the cytokine receptor homology (CRH) domain. The gp190 is among the very few members of this large family to contain two CRH domains. The membrane-distal one (herein called D1) is followed by an Ig-like domain, a membrane-proximal CRH domain called D2, and three type III fibronectin repeats. We raised a series of monoclonal antibodies specific for the human gp190. Among them was the blocking antibody 1C7, which was directed against the D1Ig region and which impaired the binding of LIF to gp190. Another blocking antibody, called 12D3, was directed against domain D2 and interfered with the reconstitution of the high affinity receptor complex, independently of the interaction between LIF and gp190. The blocking effect of these two antibodies concerned four cytokines known to use gp190, i.e. LIF, oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1. Among 23 antibodies tested alone or in combination (two anti-D2 and 21 anti-D1Ig), only the mixture of the two anti-D2 antibodies displayed agonistic activity in the absence of the cytokine. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the two CRH domains of gp190 play different functions in ligand binding and receptor activation.
Image Super-resolution Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Wavelet and PDE Interpolation (2011)

In view of the traditional wavelet and partial differential equation(PDE) algorithm can not accurately estimate the image smooth,edge area or low-frequency,which caused false edge and image blurring,a wavelet and improved PDE interpolation of image super-resolution reconstruction algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the traditional PDE was improved by a weighted PDE algorithm to achieve better positioning for image edge.Then,High-frequency parts were extracted by wavelet transformation and their coefficient were adjusted.The enhanced amplitude of original image was taken as the low-frequency parts.Finally,a high resolution image was achieved by wavelet transformation.The experimental results showed that this method had the advantages of the two algorithms,not only improved picture resolution and effectively kept the detail information of the original image,but also improved the definition and brightness of zoomed image.
Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The nebramycin aminoglycosides (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The nebramycin aminoglycosidesDouglas E. Dorman, Jonathan W. Paschal, and Kurt E. MerkelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 22, 6885–6888Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00438a020Request reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (424 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Le téléchargement sur les réseaux de pair à pair (2005)

Les internautes de 15 ans et plus disposant d'une connexion internet a leur domicile declarent telecharger sur les reseaux de pair a pair avant tout des titres musicaux, secondairement des films ou des jeux video. Un equipement audiovisuel et numerique important caracterise ces utilisateurs pour une meilleure souplesse d'utilisation. Le telechargement sur les reseaux de pair a pair est une pratique moyennement repandue, les internautes qui telechargent representant moins d'un tiers de l'ensemble des internautes. Il est plus ordinaire voire banal pour les plus gros utilisateurs de ces reseaux que sont les hommes et, surtout, les 15-24 ans. Les internautes disent utiliser les reseaux de pair a pair principalement pour explorer, echantillonner (tester le contenu des fichiers) et pour profiter d'une offre de fichiers dont on peut penser qu'elle est plus satisfaisante pour eux que d'autres offres disponibles. L'utilisation de ces reseaux pour telecharger des fichiers se substituant a l'achat de supports physiques en magasin ou en ligne apparait moins essentielle. Il en est de meme pour une utilisation a des fins d'echange de fichiers. La plupart des internautes estiment que le telechargement n'a pas pour autant modifie leurs consommations et pratiques pour le cinema, les jeux video ou la musique. Lorsqu'il y a effet, consommations et pratiques sont differemment touchees selon le contenu. Globalement, le telechargement joue negativement sur l'achat, la location ou l'emprunt de supports physiques tels que les CD ou les DVD, et positivement lorsque le contenu n'est pas diffuse par le biais d'un support physique (salle de cinema, salle de concert...).
A multilingual, multimodal digital video library system (2002)

This paper presents the iVIEW system, a multi-lingual, multi-modal digital video content management system for intelligent searching and access of English and Chinese video contents. iVIEW allows full content indexing, searching and retrieval of multi-lingual text, audio and video material. It consists image processing techniques for scenes and scene changes analyses, speech processing techniques for audio signal transcriptions, and multi-lingual natural language processing techniques for word relevance determination. iVIEW can host multi-lingual contents and allow multi-modal search. It facilitate content developers to perform multi-modal information processing of rich video media and to construct XML-based multimedia representation in enhancing multi-modal indexing and searching capabilities, so that the end users can enjoy viewing flexible and seamless delivery of multimedia contents in various browsing tools and devices.
Hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation of clinically healthy and inflamed gingiva in human subjects (1990)

The hemoglobin concentration (Hb index) and oxygen saturation (apparent SO2) in human gingiva were estimated by tissue reflectance spectrophotometry (TRS). The gingiva had significantly lower Hb index and higher apparent SO2 than those in alveolar mucosa, but there was no difference in either parameter among different gingival areas. The reproducibility in repeated measurements was high for both Hb index and apparent SO2 in gingiva. In inflamed gingiva, Hb index was significantly higher than that in clinically healthy gingiva. A lower apparent SO2 was observed in inflamed gingiva. This suggests that the increase in blood supply is insufficient to meet the oxygen demand in inflamed gingiva. There were significant correlations between either the Hb index or the apparent SO2 and the clinical parameters of gingival inflammation such as gingival index, plaque index, Periotron score and probing depth. Thus, TRS may be clinically available to estimate the blood volume and oxygen saturation in inflamed gingiva.
Dietary Tea Catechins Reduce Development of Obesity Accompanied with Gene Expression of Lipid-metabolizing Enzymes in Mice. (2001)

Obesity is a metabolic disorder due to less energy expenditure than its uptake and is a strong risk factor for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertension and atherosclerosis. The present study examines the effects of long-term feeding of tea catechins on body weight, fat accumulation, and mRNA of genes involved in β-oxidation in obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice. Four months high fat diet (30% TG+13% sucrose) administration significantly increased body weight, epididymal fat accumulation and circulating leptin compared to the control diet mice (5% TG). High fat feeding-induced body weight gain and epididymal fat weight were reduced by 81% and 63%, respectively, in mice fed the catechin diet (30% TG+13% sucrose+0.5% tea catechins). Circulating leptin was reduced by 68%. Compared with the high fat diet group, catechin-feeding up-regulated medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA expression in the liver, suggesting tea catechins to possibly stimulate lipid metabolism in the liver. Long-term feeding of tea catechins is thus shown beneficial for suppressing high fat diet-induced body fat accumulation. The stimulation of lipid metabolism in the liver may possibly be a factor for the anti-obesity effects of tea catechins in mice.
Preliminary design of a whole-arm manipulation system (WAMS) (2003)

An approach to manipulation that uses all the available manipulation surfaces of the robot to act on and sense the environment is outlined. The kinematic, mechanism, actuation, and control implications of such a design are discussed and initial experimentation with a prototype mechanism are described. A three-degree-of-freedom underwater manipulator using a number of the resulting design concepts is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Das System Eisen-Kobalt-Kupfer (1936)

Aufstellung des Zustandsschaubildes in der Hauptsache auf Grund thermischer Untersuchungen.
Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with proteins and quantum dots in aqueous buffer solutions (2006)

We report here on a method of suspending carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous buffer solutions and functionalizing CNTs with a molecule that is “sticky” to proteins. The specific bifunctional molecule used in this study is 1-pyrene butanoic acid succidymidyl ester (1-pbase). We report successful protein and quantum dot functionalization of the CNTs, using 1-pbase as a linking agent.
Recruitment, kinship and the distribution of skill. Bar iron making in Britain and Sweden 1500-1800 (1996)

Recruitment, kinship and the distribution of skill. Bar iron making in Britain and Sweden 1500-1800
E2F1 and RNA binding protein QKI comprise a negative feedback in the cell cycle regulation (2011)

pRb/E2F1 activity is coordinately regulated during the cell cycle progression, while the molecular strategies safeguarding this pathway are not fully understood. We have previously shown that RNA binding protein QKI inhibits the cell proliferation and promotes the differentiation of gastrointestinal epithelium, suggesting a role of QKI in cell cycle regulation. Here we found that with the cell entry into S phase, QKI expression increased both at the mRNA and protein levels, which was reminiscent of cyclin E expression. Forced expression of E2F1 increased the endogenous level of QKI. Promoter luciferase assay and ChIP analysis identified that the -542~-538 E2F1 binding site was responsible for the upregulation. Increased QKI expression by E2F1, in turn, reduced the E2F1 activity and delayed S-phase entry, forming a negative feedback. As a gene expression regulator, QKI overexpression increased p27, while it decreased cyclin D1 and c-fos expression. Molecularly, p27 and c-fos were direct targets of QKI, while cyclin D1 reduction might be an indirect effect. Taken together, our results reveal that E2F1 directly transcribes QKI, which, in turn, negatively regulates the cell cycle by targeting multiple cell cycle regulators, forming an E2F1-QKI-pRb/E2F1 negative feedback loop.
The Use of Probiotic Therapy to Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Dendritic Cell Responses in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2019)

<b>:</b> Recent investigations have shown that different conditions such as diet, the overuse of antibiotics or the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms can alter the population status of the intestinal microbiota. This modification can produce a change from homeostasis to a condition known as imbalance or dysbiosis; however, the role-played by dysbiosis and the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been poorly understood. It was actually not until a few years ago that studies started to develop regarding the role that dendritic cells (DC) of intestinal mucosa play in the sensing of the gut microbiota population. The latest studies have focused on describing the DC modulation, specifically on tolerance response involving T regulatory cells or on the inflammatory response involving reactive oxygen species and tissue damage. Furthermore, the latest studies have also focused on the protective and restorative effect of the population of the gut microbiota given by probiotic therapy, targeting IBD and other intestinal pathologies. In the present work, the authors propose and summarize a recently studied complex axis of interaction between the population of the gut microbiota, the sensing of the DC and its modulation towards tolerance and inflammation, the development of IBD and the protective and restorative effect of probiotics on other intestinal pathologies.
Clustering-based time-domain inter-cell interference coordination in dense small cell networks (2014)

As traditional wireless cellular networks are facing a rapid growth of traffic demand, future networks may consist of a large number of small cells which are densely deployed. However, networks in dense environment is exposed to strong inter-cell interference problem which is critical to networks capacity. To solve the problem, we use the Graph Coloring Algorithm (GCA) to divide the small cells into different clusters to mitigate the serious inter-cell interference between the dense small cells, and accordingly reducing the transmission power of small cell BSs in some subframes based on the proposed utility function. The existence of the optimal solutions to the problem is discussed, then the Differential Evolution (DE) is applied to search the optimal transmission power which maximizes the proposed utility function. Intensive simulations show that the proposed scheme can significantly mitigate the co-tier interference and maximize networks capacity.
Book Review (2006)

Nostalgia for the Modern: State Secularism and Everyday Politics in Turkey . Esra Özyürek. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 2006. 227 pages. ISBN: 0822338955.
Abstract B089: Macrophage-mediated trogocytosis leads to death of antibody-opsonized tumor cells (2016)

Abstract The interplay between innate immune cells and antibodies to control cancerous growth is of central importance for mediating direct anti-tumor effects and the induction of long-lived anti-tumor immunity. Phagocytosis of antibody-opsonized cells by macrophages through Fc gamma receptor interactions is well characterized and leads to cell death through target cell engulfment into phagosomes. By contrast, the contribution of the related process called trogocytosis, involving the ingestion of limited amounts of the target cell by phagocytic cells, to cell attrition is less certain. In the current study we have developed a high throughput, quantitative assay to distinguish whole cell phagocytosis and trogocytosis for different macrophage:breast cancer cell combinations. These analyses, combined with long term microscopic imaging, demonstrate that trogocytosis leads to death of HER2-overexpressing breast tumor cells. The implementation of multifocal plane microscopy to investigate trogocytic events at high spatiotemporal resolution reveals that these processes involve tubular extensions of opsonized tumor cells that are subsequently pinched off by the recipient macrophage. Of relevance to the design of second generation antibodies with improved efficacy, antibody engineering to enhance Fc gamma receptor interactions results in increased trogocytic activity. Collectively, these studies have significance to the rapidly expanding use of antibodies to treat cancer. This research was supported in part by grants from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT, RP 110069) and the National Institutes of Health (R01 GM85575). Citation Format: Ramraj Velmurugan, Dilip Challa, Sripad Ram, Raimund Ober, E. Sally Ward. Macrophage-mediated trogocytosis leads to death of antibody-opsonized tumor cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B089.
Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in adult and developing mouse retinas (2008)

The Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC) is a Cl(-) uptake transporter that is responsible for maintaining a Cl(-) equilibrium potential positive to the resting potential in neurons. If NKCC is active, GABA and glycine can depolarize neurons. In view of the abundance of GABAergic and glycinergic synapses in retina, we undertook a series of studies using immunocytochemical techniques to determine the distribution of NKCC in retinas of both developing and adult mice. We found NKCC antibody (T4) labeling present in retinas from wild-type mice, but not in NKCC1-deficient mice, suggesting that the NKCC1 subtype is a major Cl(-) uptake transporter in mouse retina. Strong labeling of NKCC1 was present in horizontal cells and rod-bipolar dendrites in adult mice. Interestingly, we also found that a diffuse labeling pattern was present in photoreceptor terminals. However, NKCC1 was barely detectable in the inner retina of adult mice. Using an antibody against K-Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2), we found that KCC2, a transporter that extrudes Cl(-), was primarily expressed in the inner retina. The expression of NKCC1 in developing mouse retinas was studied from postnatal day (P) 1 to P21, NKCC1 labeling first appeared in the dendrites of horizontal and rod-bipolar cells as early as P7, followed by photoreceptor terminals between P10-P14; with expression gradually increasing concomitantly with the growth of synaptic terminals and dendrites throughout retinal development. In the inner retina, NKCC1 labeling was initially observed in the inner plexiform layer at P1, but labeling diminished after P5. The developmental increase in NKCC expression only occurred in the outer retina. Our results suggest that the distal synapses and synaptogenesis in mouse retinas undergo a unique process with a high intracellular Cl(-) presence due to NKCC1 expression.