gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Techniques for passive detection and localization of marine mammals using wide aperture arrays (1999)

SACLANTCEN is sponsoring a program entitled Sound Oceanography and Living Marine Resources Program, whose objective is to demonstrate dual use technology for passive detection and localization of marine mammals, which will assist in the implementation of acoustic risk mitigation policies when using high-power acoustic sources. A sea trial was conducted in August 1999 to evaluate marine mammal detection and localization techniques using a number of advanced passive arrays. Passive, bearing-only data from marine mammal vocalizations received on a towed horizontal line array and target motion analysis are used to localize whale position. The multipath arrival structure of received signals and a ray trace model are used to determine whale range and depth over time. Data from several stations, executed using three deployed vertical line arrays in the vicinity of diving whales, and triangulation of arrivals are used to track whale location in the horizontal plane, while beamforming of the vertical array data is used to track whale depth. Evaluation of these data and techniques will be used to formulate passive procedures for determining the presence of marine mammals prior to activation of high-power acoustic sources.
The Synthesis of Poly(arylene ether)s in Solution at Pilot-Plant Scale with Control over Molecular Weight and End-Group Composition (2002)

The lab-scale optimization and pilot-plant-scale synthesis of a poly(aryl ether ketone) is reported. The polymer produced had the desired properties of low molecular weight (Mw = 14−15 kD, Mn = 6.3−6.5 kD), reasonable polydispersity (PD = 2.37−2.39), and well-defined controlled end groups. This has been accomplished using a one-step solution polymerization of 4,4‘-difluorobenzophenone (DFBP), bisphenol A (BPA), and 4-tert-butylphenol (tBP). The presence or absence of a stoichiometric amount of tBP in the polymerization reaction dictated whether the obtained polymer possessed exclusively a halide or a tert-butylphenol terminus. Simple variation of the ratio of difluorobenzophenone to BPA controls the molecular weight of the obtained polymer without affecting the polydispersity. Several other factors were examined to completely optimize the polymerization process: the replacement of 4,4‘-difluorobenzophenone with 4,4‘-dichlorobenzophenone as a cost-saving measure, the effect of temperature, and the effect of the concentration of the reactants.
Simple Synthesis of Modafinil Derivatives and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity (2012)

Simple synthesis of modafinil derivatives and their biological activity are described. The key synthetic strategies involve substitution and coupling reactions. We determined the anti-inflammatory effects of modafinil derivatives in cultured BV2 cells by measuring the inhibition of nitrite production and expression of iNOS and COX-2 after LPS stimulation. It was found that for sulfide analogues introduction of aliphatic groups on the amide part (compounds 11a–d) resulted in lower anti-inflammatory activity compared with cyclic or aromatic moieties (compounds 11e–k). However, for the sulfoxide analogues, introduction of aliphatic moieties (compounds 12a–d) showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than cyclic or aromatic fragments (compounds 12e–k) in BV-2 microglia cells.
Synthesis of Spheres with Complex Structures Using Hollow Latex Cages as Templates (2005)

Abstract Hollow latex cages (HLCs) are used as templates to fabricate composite hollow spheres with complex structures. The template HLCs have a polystyrene shell with transverse hydrophilic channels connecting to an interior hydrophilic surface. They are stable and permeable, and a reagent can be preloaded into the cavity reservoir. The interior hydrophilic surface is conducive to a favorable inward synthesis. By simply altering the loading sequence of reagents and their concentration, the morphology of the composite spheres can be tuned. For example, during the formation of titania composite spheres by a sol–gel process using tetrabutyl titanate (TBT), composite hollow spheres with titania pillars protruding from the surface are predominantly created, owing to the formation of titania within the hydrophilic channels when the HLCs, preloaded with water, are immersed into TBT at an appropriate concentration. When the TBT concentration is decreased, the size of the pillars decreases accordingly until they disappear, leading to a smooth outer surface. Conversely, when HLCs loaded with TBT are immersed into water, titania forms only on the interior hydrophilic surface and not within the channels, resulting in composite hollow spheres with smooth outer surfaces. The composite spheres can be further used as templates to grow material on the outer surface, and double‐shelled hollow spheres of various compositions are achieved. Macroporous materials with unique morphologies—for example, hollow spheres embedded within the pores—have been derived by using an array template of the composite spheres. The method can be applied to a diversity of inorganic materials, metals, oxides, semiconductors, and functional polymers.
ATM communications network control by neural networks (1990)

A learning method that uses neural networks for service quality control in the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) communications network is described. Because the precise characteristics of the source traffic are not known and the service quality requirements change over time, building an efficient network controller which can control the network traffic is a difficult task. The proposed ATM network controller uses backpropagation neural networks for learning the relations between the offered traffic and service quality. The neural network is adaptive and easy to implement. A training data selection method called the leaky pattern table method is proposed to learn precise relations. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated by simulation of basic call admission models.
Correction: Cost-Effectiveness of Peer-Delivered Interventions for Cocaine and Alcohol Abuse among Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2012)

Aims: To determine whether the additional interventions to standard care are cost-effective in addressing cocaine and alcohol abuse at 4 months (4 M) and 12 months (12 M) from baseline.
P-type interface charge control layers for enabling GaN/SiC separate absorption and multiplication avalanche photodiodes (2012)

A p-type interface charge control layer (PICCL) is introduced that enables optimization of the net positive polarization induced interface charge at the GaN/SiC interface in GaN/SiC separate absorption and multiplication avalanche photodiodes (SAM-APDs) by varying its thickness. The response from SAM-APDs with PICCL thickness less than 10 nm has an anomalous shape at all bias attributed to the collection of carriers generated directly in the SiC layer. Devices with a 15 nm thick PICCL exhibit GaN related response at high bias that is indicative of punch-through of the electric field into the GaN absorption region due to optimization of the net interface charge.
One-to-one motif for DNA recognition by beta-alanine-linked polyamides (2002)

Polyamides composed of N-methylpyrrole (Py), N-methylimidazole (Im), and 3-hydroxypyrrole (Hp) amino acids linked by beta-alanine (beta) bind in the minor groove of DNA in 1:1 and 2:1 ligand:DNA complexes. Although the energetics and structure of the 2:1 motif have been explored extensively, there is remarkably less understood about 1:1 recognition beyond the initial studies on netropsin and distamycin. Laemmli and coworkers used beta-linked polyamides, which bind in a 1:1 motif, to effect phenotypic changes in Drosophila melanogaster. The thesis work described here investigates Laemmli's 1:1 motif in order to further understand and exploit this novel mode of DNA recognition.

By selectively replacing Py residues with beta it was found that the Im-beta-Im subunit is important for high-affinity binding in 1:1 and 2:1 modes. This study also demonstrates that a single ligand can target very different DNA sequences based on 1:1 or 2:1 binding. This ambiguity of sequence targeting based on stoichiometry was addressed. It was discovered that hairpin and 1:1 binding modes, which are dependent on ligand conformation, are controlled by changing the linker between polyamide subunits.

The possibility of developing a 1:1 recognition code was explored by selectively mutating polyamide residues and DNA base pairs and comparing the association constants for the resulting complexes. It was found that Im residues tolerate all four Watson-Crick base pairs; Py and beta residues are specific for A?T and T?A base pairs; and Hp specifies a single base pair, A?T, in the sequence context 5'-AAAGAGAAGAG-3'. Attempts to improve upon this recognition code using novel heterocyclic amino acids, such as furan, thiophene, thiazole, and hydroxythiophene, are presented. The sequence-dependence of ligand orientation and the effect of ligand size on binding affinity were also explored.

The NMR structure of a 1:1 polyamide:DNA complex was determined. It reveals B-form DNA with a narrow minor groove and large negative propeller twist, which are shown to be stabilized by bifurcated hydrogen bonds between polyamide NH groups and purine N3 and pyrimidine O2 atoms. The first direct evidence is provided for hydrogen bond formation between Im-N3 and guanine NH2 in the 1:1 motif, thus confirming the original lexitropsin model.
Duration of Upper and Lower Extremity Peripheral Nerve Blockade Is Prolonged with Dexamethasone When Added to Ropivacaine: A Retrospective Database Analysis (2013)

The addition of dexamethasone to 0.5% ropivacaine prolongs the duration of peripheral nerve blocks of both the upper and lower extremity.
Online Robust Principal Component Analysis with Change Point Detection (2017)

Robust PCA methods are typically batch algorithms which requires loading all observations into memory before processing. This makes them inefficient to process big data. In this paper, we develop an efficient online robust principal component methods, namely online moving window robust principal component analysis (OMWRPCA). Unlike existing algorithms, OMWRPCA can successfully track not only slowly changing subspace but also abruptly changed subspace. By embedding hypothesis testing into the algorithm, OMWRPCA can detect change points of the underlying subspaces. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate the superior performance of OMWRPCA compared with other state-of-art approaches. We also apply the algorithm for real-time background subtraction of surveillance video.
Picosecond, narrow-band, widely tunable optical parametric oscillator using a temperature-tuned lithium borate crystal (1993)

A highly efficient, picosecond, narrow-band, widely tunable optical parametric oscillator using a temperature-tuned LBO crystal synchronously pumped by cw, Q-switched, mode-locked pulses is described. A signal conversion efficiency of 30% with an output linewidth of 0.14 nm is obtained. The latter can be further reduced to 0.01 nm.
Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantiospecific sp<sup>3</sup>–sp<sup>3</sup> Cross‐Coupling of α‐Hydroxy Ester Triflates with Grignard Reagents (2008)

Zinc chloride does the trick and efficiently catalyzes the enantiospecific cross-coupling of α-hydroxy ester triflates with Grignard reagents under mild conditions. Enantiopure α-hydroxy esters are directly available from the chiral pool or by diazotization of α-amino acids. Substantial variations in both reacting partners are tolerated making this methodology an attractive alternative to enolate alkylation featuring a reversal of polarity. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z800733_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Clinical capillary electrophoresis (1995)

Capillary electrophoresis is a relatively new analytical technique that has begun to have an impact in the clinical laboratory, both for routine analyses and for those that are more esoteric. Its potential for automated, rapid, high-efficiency separations makes it appealing as a replacement for some of the more labor-intensive assays carried out in electrophoretic gels and as a complement to companion techniques such as HPLC. Among the many attractive characteristics of this technology is its versatility for analyses of a diverse spectrum of analytes, ranging from small organic ions to macromolecular protein complexes or DNA. The focus of this commentary is to familiarize the clinical scientist with the instrumentation and principles of capillary electrophoretic separation and to review the recent research demonstrating the applicability of this technology to the clinical laboratory.
Cryptographically Secure Bloom-Filters (2009)

In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving variant of Bloom-filters. The Bloom-filter has many applications such as hash-based IP-traceback systems and Web cache sharing. In some of those applications, equipping the Bloom-filter with the privacy-preserving mechanism is crucial for the deployment. 

In this paper, we propose a cryptographically secure privacy-preserving Bloom-filter protocol. We propose such two protocols based on blind signatures and oblivious pseudorandom functions, respectively. To show that the proposed protocols are secure, we provide a reasonable security definition and prove the security.
Methodologies for specific intron and exon RNA localization in cultured cells by haptenized and fluorochromized probes (1993)

We have determined optimal conditions for the detection of mRNA sequences in cultured cells by nonradioactive in situ hybridization. For this purpose a number of different cell lines have been used: rat 9G cells for the detection of human cytomegalovirus immediate early mRNA, and HeLa as well as 5637 carcinoma cells for the detection of housekeeping gene mRNAs. Extensive optimization of fixation and pretreatment conditions revealed that most intense hybridization signals are obtained when cells are grown on glass microscope slides, fixed with a mixture of formaldehyde and acetic acid, pretreated with pepsin and denatured prior to hybridization. In addition, we also studied the potential of fluorochromized probes for the direct detection of multiple RNA sequences. The optimized in situ hybridization procedure revealed that immediate early mRNA transcripts are, in addition to a cytoplasmic localization, localized within nuclei of rat 9G cells. Double hybridization experiments showed that intron and exon sequences colocalize within the main nuclear signal. In addition, the presence of small, intron-specific, fluorescent spots scattered around the main nuclear signals indicates that intron sequences which are spliced out can be visualized. Additional information about the functioning of cells could be obtained by the detection of mRNA simultaneously with bromodeoxyuridine, incorporated during S-phase, or its cognate protein. The sensitivity of these methods is such that mRNAs of abundantly expressed housekeeping genes can be detected in a variety of cell lines with high signal to noise ratios.
Parametrically driven microparticle in the presence of a stationary zero-mean stochastic source: Model for thermal equilibrium in the Paul trap (1994)

An analytical approach is developed to consider confined motion of a charged microparticle within the Paul trap (an electrodynamic levitator trap) in an atmosphere near the standard temperature and pressure. The suggested approach is based on a second-order linear stochastic differential equation which describes dampled microparticle motion subjected to the combined periodic parametric and random external excitations. To solve this equation a new ansatz is developed. This ansatz is a generalization of the Bogoliubov-Krylov decomposition technique, which is usually used to reduce the order of a differential equation. The solution is obtained in the long time imaging limit by applying the Bogoliubov general averaging principle. In spite of the second-order form of the initial stochastic differential equation, the microparticle motion can be understood as a one-dimensional Markov process. Comparison in the long time imaging limit of the calculated data obtained from the analytically derived expression for the standard deviation of confined microparticle stochastic motion with the experimentally obtained data demonstrates asymptotic agreement for regions where the dimensionless parameter \ensuremath{\kappa} is much less than 1 (\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{\le}0.005). Simple extremum analysis of the expression obtained for the standard deviation reveals that for the particular case of a large drag parameter \ensuremath{\alpha} (\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\gg}8 \ensuremath{\surd}12 ) there is a minimum in the standard deviation which is only \ensuremath{\alpha} dependent.
Phosphorus Loss and Runoff Characteristics in Three Adjacent Agricultural Watersheds with Claypan Soils (2004)

Effects of precipitation, runoff, and management on total phosphorus (TP) loss from three adjacent, row-cropped watersheds in the claypan region of northeastern Missouri were examined from 1991 to 1997 to understand factors affecting P loss in watersheds dominated by claypan soils. Runoff samples from each individual runoff event were analyzed for TP and sediment concentration. The annual TP loss ranged from 0.29 to 3.59 kg ha(-1) with a mean of 1.36 kg ha(-1) across all the watersheds during the study period. Significantly higher loss of TP from the watersheds was observed during the fallow period. Multiple small runoff events or several large runoff events contributed to loss of TP from the watersheds. Total P loss in 1993, a year with above-normal precipitation, accounted for 30% of the total TP loss observed over seven years. The five largest runoff events out of a total of 66 events observed over seven years accounted for 27% of the TP loss. The five largest sediment losses were responsible for 24% of the TP loss over seven years. Runoff volume and sediment loss explained 64 to 73% and 47 to 58% of the variation in TP loss on watersheds during the study. Flow duration and maximum flow accounted for 49 and 66% of TP loss, respectively. The results of this study suggest that management practices that reduce runoff volume, flow duration, maximum flow, and sediment loss, and that maintain a suitable vegetative cover throughout the year could lower P loss in claypan soils.
Effect of Upper Airway Stimulation on Snoring in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2012)

Objective Previous studies showed that electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve can improve obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aims to: 1) Learn whether upper airway stimulation has an effect on snoring in patients with moderate‐to‐severe OSA. 2) Learn whether there is a correlation between the reduction of snoring and obstructive respiratory events. Method Upper airway stimulation systems were implanted in moderate‐to‐severe OSA patients (inclusion criteria: CPAP failure or intolerance, BMI <32, without complete concentric collapse during drug‐induced‐sleep‐endoscopy). Apnea‐hypopnea‐index (polysomnography) and snoring (5‐level categories by bed‐partner: no, soft, loud, very intense, intolerable by bed partner) were collected at pre‐implant and 2, 4, and 6 months post‐implant. Results Nine subjects were implanted, and all have completed month 6 visit. All 9 subjects reported loud or very intense snoring at pre‐implant. At the last visit, 4 subjects reduced from loud to no snoring, 4 subjects reduced from loud to soft snoring, and 1 subject reported no change. Reports from bed‐partners were similar. The average AHI among the 9 subjects reduced from 39.4 ± 9.3 (mean ± SD) to 16.7 ± 21.7 ( P <. 05). Conclusion Preliminary findings suggest that upper airway stimulation improves snoring along with the improvement of sleep disordered breathing in patients with moderate‐to‐severe OSA.
Insights into Protein Compressibility from Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2000)

Isothermal compressibility based on molecular dynamics simulations in a normal temperature and pressure (NTP)−Gibbs ensemble is estimated for five solvated globular proteins (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, trypsin, ribonuclease A, HEW lysozyme, and α-lactalbumin), as well as bulk water, using the TIP3P model. Protein intrinsic isothermal compressibilities were calculated from molecular total volume fluctuations and averages using the statistical definition of compressibility. A new and efficient method was developed for calculating protein total molecular volume based on an atomic van der Waals radius extension algorithm. The calculated isothermal compressibilities are in good agreement with experimental data (the correlation coefficient is 0.94). The main source of volume fluctuation is the free volume inside the protein, whereas variations in overlap of atomic van der Waals volume are less of a factor. Proteins with low packing density tend to have high compressibility, but packing density alone cannot explain the differences in the compressibility among globular proteins. A simple approach to assess the contribution to solution compressibility from hydration waters suggests small differences between hydration and bulk water compressibility. Estimated bulk water compressibility is in excellent agreement with experimental data. Two criteria for overcoming finite-size effects in bulk water molecular dynamics simulation are a simulation time longer than 300 ps and a system size larger than 260 water molecules.
Neural Network Based Psychometric Analysis for Employability (2018)

In this paper it is demonstrated how Artificial Neural Network can be applied to Human Resources for psychometric user emplaybility analysis, to find the desired job, and also recruiters that use this resource to find the best candidate for a given job. Specially, an ANN is created, using NN Toolbox in Matlab, with the purpose of predicting those users that given an specific job offer. The sample used contains 560 users, 900 items with 19 inputs that give information about the users and the preferred job posts and 1 output that determines whether the user has positively interact with the job offer or not. The ANN created is a two layer feed-forward network that uses Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm and with the correct number of neurons on the hidden layer does a good prediction. Further research can be done to improve Human Resource Management using data mining in psychometric analysis.
Advances in X-ray conversion technology for CCD detectors (2002)

IP is one of the most powerful detectors for collecting diffraction data in the sense that it has a wide detection area, high sensitivity, large dynamic range, high accuracy, and reasonable pixel size. In spite of such excellent features, a high-speed automatic data collection device that has enough speed to maximize use of SR X-rays is very difficult to make, due to the slow digitization speed of the IP. We have solved this difficulty by using a fully cylindrical IP cassette (radius = 400 mm, width = 450 mm) where several diffraction images can be recorded and be read by five IP reading heads. This devise called Galaxy has been developed and installed at BL6C in the PF. Net digitization time is 5 min and 2.5 min for pixel size being 100m and 200m, respectively. This is enough speed for a PF bending magnet beamline. This means, that when 2.88 resolution data using 1.0 x-rays are collected, a digitized speed for a diffraction image is 16.6sec for 100m pixel size, because in this condition, 18 images can be recorded in an IP cassette. Additionally, the maximum resolution is 0.58 for 1.0 x-rays.