gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Decrease in Synaptophysin Message Expression and Increase in Cathepsin D Message Expression in Alzheimer Disease Neurons Containing Neurofibrillary Tangles (1999)

Combining immunocytochemistry with in situ hybridization of Alzheimer disease (AD) hippocampus demonstrated a 50% reduction in grain density for synaptophysin message over CA1 pyramidal neurons containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) relative to near neighbor NFT-free neurons. This decrease was not global, but was selective since message grain density for the lysosomal protein, cathepsin D, increased 33% in these neurons (relative to NFT-free neurons). Poly A+ message grain density decreased by 25% in NFT neurons. Percent of the cell body containing NFT correlated -0.35 (p < 0.0001) with grain density for synaptophysin message. These data verify the concept of altered profiles of gene expression as a function of disease state within single cells and suggest that events associated with NFT formation may lead to altered expression of synaptic messages.
Novel Regenerable Sorbent for Mercury Capture from Flue Gases of Coal-Fired Power Plant (2008)

A natural chabazite-based silver nanocomposite (AgMC) was synthesized to capture mercury from flue gases of coal-fired power plants. Silver nanoparticles were engineered on zeolite through ion-exchange of sodium ions with silver ions, followed by thermal annealing. Mercury sorption test using AgMC was performed at various temperatures by exposing it to either pulse injection of mercury or continuous mercury flow. A complete capture of mercury by AgMC was achieved up to a capture temperature of 250 degrees C. Nano silver particles were shown to be the main active component for mercury capture by amalgamation mechanism. Compared with activated carbon-based sorbents, the sorbent prepared in this study showed a much higher mercury capture capacity and upper temperature limit for mercury capture. More importantly, the mercury captured by the spent AgMC could be easily released for safe disposal and the sorbent regenerated by simple heating at 400 degrees C. Mercury capture tests performed in real flue gas environment showed a much higher level of mercury capture by AgMC than by other potential mercury sorbents tested. In our mercury capture tests, the AgMC exposed to real flue gases showed an increased mercury capture efficiency than the fresh AgMC.
The IBM POWER visualization system: A system for HDTV postproduction, and more (1994)

Abstract The unique combination of processing power, memory capacity, and I/O bandwidth found in the IBM POWER Visualization System (PVS) makes it an ideal tool for high‐end, format and resolution‐independent, digital postproduction applications. From computer graphics rendering to video editing, rotoscoping, and special effects, the versatile nature of this general‐purpose computer allows it to adapt constantly to the specific tasks required during almost any phase of the postproduction process. In this articles, we first examine the hardware architecture of the PVS with specific attention paid to the different subsystems and peripherals which provide the large computational power and bandwidth necessary to do HDTV editing and effects work. Next, we describe the PVS system software layer which enables application level software to fully use all of the capabilities of the hardware. We then explore a novel on‐line, nonlinear editing and effects environment available for the PVS, which allows HDTV resolution material to be digitally edited and processed at full resolution. Finally, we conclude by describing some of the applications of the PVS which allow it to be used in a variety of other ways.©1994 John Wiley & Sons Inc
A New Dynamic in Mass Spectral Imaging of Single Biological Cells (2008)

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) has unique capabilities in the area of high-resolution mass spectrometric imaging of biological samples. The technique offers parallel detection of native and non-native molecules at physiological concentrations with potentially submicrometer spatial resolution. Recent advances in SIMS technology have been focused on generating new ion sources that can in turn be used to eject more intact molecular and biological characteristic species from a sample. The introduction of polyatomic ion beams, particularly C60, for TOF-SIMS analysis has created a whole new application of molecular depth profiling and 3D molecular imaging. However, such analyses, particularly at high lateral resolution, are severely hampered by the accompanying mass spectrometry associated with current TOF-SIMS instruments. Hence, we have developed an instrument that overcomes many of the drawbacks of current TOF-SIMS spectrometers by removing the need to pulse the primary ion beam. The instrument samples the secondary ions using a buncher that feeds into a specially designed time-of-flight analyzer. We have validated this new instrumental concept by analyzing a number of biological samples generating 2D and 3D images showing molecular localization on a subcellular scale, over a practical time frame, while maintaining high mass resolution. We also demonstrate large area mapping and the MS/MS capability of the instrument.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Sulphur Doping on the Electrical Properties of γ‐Mo<sub>4</sub>O<sub>11</sub> Crystals. (1986)

Abstract Samples of γ‐Mo 4 O 11 crystals are prepared by a chemical vapour transport technique starting from two different mixtures (MoO 2 :MoO 3 = 1:3 and MoS 2 :MoO 3 = 1:9) and electrical resistivities, Hall coefficients and magnetoresistances are measured.
Averroism (2006)

The term Averroism refers to the reception of the thought of Ibn Rushd (known in the Latin world as Averroes) among medieval ibn Rushd, Abu al-Walid Muhammad Christian and, to a lesser extent, Jewish philosophers and theologians. It was not strictly speaking an Islamic philosophy, but was strongly i
Effect of Design Variables on Friction and Economy (1964)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Empirical equations which describe, individually, the magnitude of the most important factors determining the cycle efficiency and motoring friction of an engine are derived from experimental data. These equations are organized into a computational procedure which recognizes the interdependence of these factors and provides a method for estimating the overall efficiency of any given engine.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A mathematical experiment using this analytical method is described. The results of this experiment are presented to show the overall effect of these factors when varied individually or in combinations on a hypothetical engine.</div>
The Preparation of Aldehydes, Ketones, and Acids by Ozone Oxidation (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Preparation of Aldehydes, Ketones, and Acids by Ozone OxidationAlbert L. Henne and Philip HillCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 5, 752–754Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01245a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01245a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views694Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blood Cultures of 19 Crohn's Disease Patients (2008)

1Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl Paso, Texas; and 2University of Central FloridaOrlando, Florida
Treatment of Alcohols with Tosyl Chloride Does Not always Lead to the Formation of Tosylates (2011)

Treatment of substituted benzyl alcohols with tosyl chloride resulted in the formation of the corresponding chlorides, not the usual tosylates. A series of experiments demonstrated that it was possible to predict whether chlorination or tosylation would occur for substituted benzyl alcohols and pyridine methanols. Treatment of electron withdrawing group-substituted benzyl alcohols with tosyl chloride gave the corresponding chlorides in moderate yields under mild conditions, which provided a simple way to directly prepare chlorides from alcohols.
Effective anti-angiogenic therapy of established tumors in mice by naked anti-human endoglin (CD105) antibody: Differences in growth rate and therapeutic response between tumors growing at different sites (2006)

We investigated anti-angiogenic/vascular targeting therapy of established tumors in immunocompetent mice using an anti-human endoglin (EDG; CD105) monoclonal antibody (mAb) SN6j. SN6j weakly cross-reacted with murine endothelial cells but reacted neither with colon-26 murine colon carcinoma cells nor with 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells. Systemic administration of naked (unconjugated) SN6j showed significant growth suppression of established tumors of colon-26 and 4T1 cells in immunocompetent BALB/c mice (P<0.05). Moreover, the overall survival rate of SN6j-treated mice was significantly higher than that of control IgG-treated mice (P<0.01). During these studies, we found that two different types of tumor formed in BALB/c and immunodeficient SCID mice when three different types of tumor cells (colon-26, 4T1 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells) were inoculated subcutaneously. One type of tumor grew in the skin-side tissue (i.e., epidermis, corium, or subcutis), and mainly invaded into the corium and epidermis. The other type grew in the muscle-side tissue (i.e., fascia, muscle, or peritoneum/pleura). We termed the former SS tumors and the latter MS tumors. MS tumors grew faster than SS tumors. This differential growth of MS and SS tumors was observed in three different animal models, i.e., colon-26 tumors and 4T1 tumors in BALB/c mice, and MCF-7 tumors in SCID mice. In the therapeutic study of colon-26 and 4T1 tumors with SN6j, MS tumors were less responsive to therapy than SS tumors although SN6j showed significant antitumor efficacy against both tumors (P<0.05). The results show that antitumor therapy can yield different therapeutic outcomes depending on the tumor growth sites even for the same tumor. A differential survival between mice with the two types of tumor was also observed when mice were untreated (P<0.01).
Direct 6-methoxylation of penicillin derivatives. Convenient pathway to substituted .beta.-lactam antibiotics (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect 6-methoxylation of penicillin derivatives. Convenient pathway to substituted .beta.-lactam antibioticsJ. E. Baldwin, F. J. Urban, R. D. G. Cooper, and F. L. JoseCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 7, 2401–2403Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00788a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00788a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views391Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Microscope Automated Fluidic System to Study Bacterial Processes in Real Time (2009)

Most time lapse microscopy experiments studying bacterial processes ie growth, progression through the cell cycle and motility have been performed on thin nutrient agar pads. An important limitation of this approach is that dynamic perturbations of the experimental conditions cannot be easily performed. In eukaryotic cell biology, fluidic approaches have been largely used to study the impact of rapid environmental perturbations on live cells and in real time. However, all these approaches are not easily applicable to bacterial cells because the substrata are in all cases specific and also because microfluidics nanotechnology requires a complex lithography for the study of micrometer sized bacterial cells. In fact, in many cases agar is the experimental solid substratum on which bacteria can move or even grow. For these reasons, we designed a novel hybrid micro fluidic device that combines a thin agar pad and a custom flow chamber. By studying several examples, we show that this system allows real time analysis of a broad array of biological processes such as growth, development and motility. Thus, the flow chamber system will be an essential tool to study any process that take place on an agar surface at the single cell level.
Improvement of alt-PSM production process using backside phase-measurement method (2002)

An alternating phase shift mask (Alt-PSM) enhances resolution and focus margin in wafer print. Therefore it comes into increasing use for device fabrication by KrF and ArF lithography. We have started production of alt-PSMs using quartz etched shifter and single trench structure, which are made by a two-step quartz etching process. This two-step quartz etching process has three writing steps; they are for chrome etching, quartz dry etching and quartz wet etching. We improved alt-PSM production process by using new backside phase measurement method. Consequently phase mean deviation from 180 degree was improved from +/- 2.0degree to +/- 1.5degree. And process steps reduced from 16 to 12 steps because twice alignment writing became once.
Use of images in commercial and office systems (1984)

This paper examines some of the simpler processing techniques that may usefully be performed on bi-level (two-tone) images by a competent commercial applications programmer if a few basic (albeit complex internally) tools are provided. Such processes include storage, indexing, changing resolution, rotating, trimming, and then display and printing. These processes can provide the facilities for an enterprise to incorporate images and image data into its office systems and into its main line-of-business data processing applications.
Isolation and sequencing of cDNA clones encoding Drosophila chromosomal protein D1 (1989)

Drosophila melanogaster D1 is a satellite DNA-associated protein which preferentially binds DNA sequences containing runs of AT base pairs. Clones encoding this polypeptide have been isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library by immunological screening with a D1 antiserum. The deduced sequence of the D1 polypeptide is 355 amino acids long and contains 10 copies of a repeating motif consisting of a glycine-arginine-proline (GRP) tripeptide located within a cluster of basic amino acids. Three copies of a similar motif have previously been observed in a mammalian satellite DNA-binding protein, high mobility group protein I (Lund, T., Dahl, K. H., Mork, E., Holtlund, J., and Laland, S. G. (1987) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 146, 725-730), suggesting that this motif may be a general feature of proteins which bind AT-rich satellite DNA and perhaps other AT-containing DNA as well.
A Method for Generating Precise Temporal Patterns of Retinal Spiking Using Prosthetic Stimulation (2005)

The goal of retinal prosthetic devices is to generate meaningful visual information in patients that have lost outer retinal function. To accomplish this, these devices should generate patterns of ganglion cell activity that closely resemble the spatial and temporal components of those patterns that are normally elicited by light. Here, we developed a stimulus paradigm that generates precise temporal patterns of activity in retinal ganglion cells, including those patterns normally generated by light. Electrical stimulus pulses (> or =1-ms duration) elicited activity in neurons distal to the ganglion cells; this resulted in ganglion cell spiking that could last as long as 100 ms. However, short pulses, <0.15 ms, elicited only a single spike within 0.7 ms of the leading edge of the pulse. Trains of these short pulses elicited one spike per pulse at frequencies < or =250 Hz. Patterns of short electrical pulses (derived from normal light elicited spike patterns) were delivered to ganglion cells and generated spike patterns that replicated the normal light patterns. Finally, we found that one spike per pulse was elicited over almost a 2.5:1 range of stimulus amplitudes. Thus a common stimulus amplitude could accommodate a 2.5:1 range of activation thresholds, e.g., caused by differences arising from cell biophysical properties or from variations in electrode-to-cell distance arising when a multielectrode array is placed on the retina. This stimulus paradigm can generate the temporal resolution required for a prosthetic device.
Effects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibition on sulfur mustard-induced cutaneous injuries <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2016)

Early studies with first-generation poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have already indicated some therapeutic potential for sulfur mustard (SM) injuries. The available novel and more potential PARP inhibitors, which are undergoing clinical trials as drugs for cancer treatment, bring it back to the centre of interest. However, the role of PARP-1 in SM-induced injury is not fully understood. In this study, we selected a high potent specific PARP inhibitor ABT-888 as an example to investigate the effect of PARP inhibitor in SM injury. The results showed that in both the mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM) and HaCaT cell model, PARP inhibitor ABT-888 can reduce cell damage induced by severe SM injury. ABT-888 significantly reduced SM induced edema and epidermal necrosis in MEVM. In the HaCaT cell model, ABT-888 can reduce SM-induced NAD(+)/ATP depletion and apoptosis/necrosis. Then, we studied the mechanism of PARP-1 in SM injury by knockdown of PARP-1 in HaCaT cells. Knockdown of PARP-1 protected cell viability and downregulated the apoptosis checkpoints, including p-JNK, p-p53, Caspase 9, Caspase 8, c-PARP and Caspase 3 following SM-induced injury. Furthermore, the activation of AKT can inhibit autophagy via the regulation of mTOR. Our results showed that SM exposure could significantly inhibit the activation of Akt/mTOR pathway. Knockdown of PARP-1 reversed the SM-induced suppression of the Akt/mTOR pathway. In summary, the results of our study indicated that the protective effects of downregulation of PARP-1 in SM injury may be due to the regulation of apoptosis, necrosis, energy crisis and autophagy. However, it should be noticed that PARP inhibitor ABT-888 further enhanced the phosphorylation of H2AX (S139) after SM exposure, which indicated that we should be very careful in the application of PARP inhibitors in SM injury treatment because of the enhancement of DNA damage.
Insect juvenile hormone mimics: synthesis of some 5-oxa-3,8,12-trimethyltridecenoates (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInsect juvenile hormone mimics: synthesis of some 5-oxa-3,8,12-trimethyltridecenoatesRamakrishnan R. Iyer and Vasant R. MamdapurCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1989, 37, 4, 1101–1103Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00088a063https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00088a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views107Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts