gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Update on aurora kinase targeted therapeutics in oncology (2011)

INTRODUCTION: Mammalian cells contain three distinct serine/threonine protein kinases with highly conserved catalytic domains, including aurora A and B kinases that are essential regulators of mitotic entry and progression. Overexpression of aurora A and/or B kinase is associated with high proliferation rates and poor prognosis, making them ideal targets for anti-cancer therapy. Disruption of mitotic machinery is a proven anti-cancer strategy employed by multiple chemotherapeutic agents. Numerous small molecule inhibitors of the aurora kinases have been discovered and tested in vivo and in vitro, with a few currently in phase II testing. AREAS COVERED: This review provides the reader with updated results from both preclinical and human studies for each of the aurora kinase inhibitors (AKI) that are currently being investigated. The paper also covers in detail the late breaking and phase I data presented for AKIs thereby allowing the reader to compare and contrast individual and classrelated effects of AKIs. EXPERT OPINION: While the successful development and approval of an AKI for anti-cancer therapy remains unresolved, pre-clinical identification of resistant mechanisms would help design better early phase clinical trials where relevant combinations may be evaluated prior to phase II testing. The authors believe that aurora kinases are important anti-cancer targets that operate in collaboration with other oncogenes intimately involved in uncontrolled tumor proliferation and by providing a unique, targeted and complimentary anti-cancer mechanism, expand the available armamentarium against cancer.
Evidence for a Vasopressin System in the Rat Heart (1999)

Traditionally, a hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system is thought to be the exclusive source of arginine vasopressin (AVP), a potent antidiuretic, vasoconstricting, and growth-stimulating neuropeptide. We have identified de novo synthesis of AVP in the heart as well as release of the hormone into the cardiac effluents. Specifically, molecular cloning of sequence tags amplified from isolated, buffer-perfused, and pressure-overloaded rat hearts allowed the detection of cardiac AVP mRNA. Subsequent experiments revealed a prominent induction of AVP mRNA (peak at 120 minutes, 59-fold, P<0. 01 versus baseline) and peptide (peak at 120 minutes, 11-fold, P<0. 01 versus baseline) in these isolated hearts. Newly induced vasopressin peptide was localized most prominently to endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells of arterioles and perivascular tissue using immunohistochemistry. In addition to pressure overload, nitric oxide (NO) participated in these alterations, because inhibition of NO synthase by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester markedly depressed cardiac AVP mRNA and peptide induction. Immediate cardiac effects related to cardiac AVP induction in isolated, perfused, pressure-overloaded hearts appeared to be coronary vasoconstriction and impaired relaxation. These functional changes were observed in parallel with AVP induction and largely prevented by addition of a V1 receptor blocker (10(-8) mol/L [deamino-Pen1, O-Me-Tyr2, Arg8]-vasopressin) to the perfusion buffer. Even more interesting, pressure-overloaded, isolated hearts released the peptide into the coronary effluents, offering the potential for systemic actions of AVP from cardiac origin. We conclude that the heart, stressed by acute pressure overload or NO, expresses vasopressin in concentrations sufficient to cause local and potentially systemic effects.
Ion-Binding Study by<sup>17</sup>O Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy in the Model Peptide Gly-Gly-Gly at 19.6 T (2006)

Li(+) and Ca(2+) binding to the carbonyl oxygen sites of a model peptide system has been studied by (17)O solid-state NMR spectroscopy. (17)O chemical shift (CS) and quadrupole coupling (QC) tensors are determined in four Gly-(Gly-(17)O)-Gly polymorphs by a combination of stationary and fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) methods at high magnetic field, 19.6 T. In the crystal lattice, the carbonyl oxygen of the central glycyl residue in two gly-gly-gly polymorphs form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with amides, whereas the corresponding carbonyl oxygens of the other two polymorphs form interactions with Li(+) and Ca(2+) ions. This permits a comparison of perturbations on (17)O NMR properties by ion binding and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. High quality spectra are augmented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations on large molecular clusters to gain additional theoretical insights and to aid in the spectral simulations. Ion binding significantly decreases the two (17)O chemical shift tensor components in the peptide plane, delta(11) and delta(22), and, thus, a substantial change in the isotropic chemical shift. In addition, quadrupole coupling constants are decreased by up to 1 MHz. The effects of ion binding are found to be almost an order of magnitude greater than those induced by hydrogen bonding.
Pulse-to-pulse wavelength switching of a nanosecond fiber laser by four-wave mixing seeded stimulated Raman amplification (2017)

We report on a multi-color fiber laser based on four-wave mixing (FWM) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), delivering rapidly wavelength switchable narrowband output at 1064, 1122, and 1186 nm. High-power pulses from a nanosecond pulsed fiber master oscillator power amplifier at 1064 nm are combined with 1122 nm of seed light for Raman amplification at the first Stokes order in a standard single-mode fiber. With increasing power, we observe a narrowband spectral component at 1186 nm, without any additional seed or resonator at this wavelength. We analyze this occurrence of a narrowband second Stokes order both experimentally and theoretically and suggest it is a result of FWM seeding of the SRS amplification in the fiber. We demonstrate that the wavelength shifting can be controlled electronically within microseconds for very rapid and even pulse-to-pulse wavelength changes. This wavelength conversion method can extend the spectral coverage of single-wavelength fiber lasers for biomedical imaging.
Use and Limitations of Single- and Multi-Mode Optical Fibers for Exoplanet Detection (2012)

Optical fibers are of a great importance in diverse areas of modern observational astronomy. Particularly, in the field of exoplanet detection, they have become an essential part of most current and future instruments because of their filtering and stabilizing capability. In this chapter, we will discuss the use of optical fibers and some limitations in two exoplanet detection methods: nulling interferometry (Section 2) and the radial velocity method (Section 3). We will present simulations, experiments and observations that demonstrate improvements of the instrument performances in the field of exoplanet detection due to the use of optical fibers, as well as some of their limitations.
Layering predictions : flexible use of dialog expectation in speech recognition (2018)

Computer Science Department
Massed Practice versus Massed Practice with Stimulation: Effects on Upper Extremity Function and Cortical Plasticity in Individuals with Incomplete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury (2005)

The findings of this preliminary study suggest that MP+SS results in greater increases in pinch strength and timed functional test scores than MP. Optimal stimulation paradigms and training methods are needed to further test this strategy.
Performance analysis of handover and channel management schemes for indoor scenarios based on ray tracing techniques (2002)

The paper analyses the performance of radio resource management functions, like handover and channel allocation strategies, exemplary for the functionality of the DECT system. Based on a ray tracing simulation, the radio propagation is modelled for an arbitrary environment in which simulations for voice and for mixed data/voice services are performed. The results can be used for both, an optimization of a given installation, i.e. placing of a minimum number of base stations inside a building taking the traffic and service requirements into account, and for performance evaluation of the DECT system, i.e. reduction of handover blocking probability through an improved handover algorithm, or traffic capacity under given quality and interference scenario. The experiences gathered from DECT simulations are used to define the radio resource management functions for future systems, i.e. R2067 MBS (mobile broadband system).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A novel encoding method for the I-slice of H.264/AVC (2010)

We propose a fast method for encoding the I-slices of H.264/AVC when only I-slices are used. The proposed intra coding method saves more than 30% of the complexity when compared with the conventional method while producing identical I-slices. The proposed method is applicable to any method which only uses I-slices, such as visual radio, snapshot camcorder and Distributed Video Coding (DVC).
Monopole crescent elliptical antenna with band-notched characteristics for UWB applications (2009)

A compact antenna with extended band-notched characteristics was designed for ultra wideband (UWB) communications. The antenna consists of a crescent-shaped elliptical patch with a T-shaped stub and a square ground board plane. The antenna is easily integrated with radio-frequency/microwave circuits to reduce the manufacturing cost. The central frequency and the notch bandwidth can be adjusted by changing the size of the T-shaped stub. Simulations verify the design characteristics. Measurements show that the antenna produces the UWB working bandwidth.
Aminimides. I. A general synthesis of aminimides from acyl hydrazides and their pyrolysis (1967)

Acyclic, alicyclic, and aromatic bis-trimethylaminimides and a keto-substituted trimethylaminimide have been synthesized by a stepwise route of general applicability. Pyrolysis of the aliphatic aminimides resulted in a rearrangement to trimethylamine and isocyanate. The keto-isocyanate herein reported was synthesized in a convenient four-step sequence from dimethyl ketene dimer in a good yield, and provides an attractive new route to this type of difunctional compound. Pyrolysis of the bis-aminimides in the presence of polyhydroxylic materials gave polyurethanes.
MCT1 confirmed in rat striated muscle mitochondria (2004)

We sought to test the hypothesis that monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 (MCT1) is the inner mitochondrial membrane lactate/pyruvate transporter, and, as such, contributes to functioning of the intracellular lactate shuttle. However, presence of a mammalian mitochondrially localized MCT1 (mMCT1) has been contested. We sought to confirm by Western blotting the mitochondrial localization of MCT1 in rat cardiac, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles utilizing three different cell fractionation methods and three different antibodies. We performed Western blotting using antibodies to cell membrane glucose transporter isoform GLUT1, inner mitochondrial constituent cytochrome oxidase, the monocarboxylate transporter protein chaperone CD147, as well as custom and commercially available MCT1 antibodies. Western blots demonstrated similar results with each MCT1 antibody and two of three methods of fractionation. MCT1 was found in the mitochondria, as well as in the sarcolemmal membrane and whole muscle homogenates. Probing with GLUT1 and CD147 demonstrated that mitochondrial fractions were not contaminated with sarcolemmal remnants. Probing with cytochrome oxidase showed mitochondrial localization of MCT1. Comparison of these results to the findings of others indicates that the most likely source of discrepancy is the cell fractionation procedure utilized.
Device Driver Generation and Checking Approach (2011)

Optimizing time and effort in embedded systems design is essential nowadays. The increased productivity gap together with the reduced time to market make the design of some components of the system the main design bottleneck.Taking into account the natural complexity of HdS design, a software checking technique helps finding bugs. However the increasing complexity of HdS makes the development and use of checking techniques a challenge.Reducing the time spent to build the checking environment can be a solution for this kind of problem. This can be accomplished by automating the generation of the checking environment from a device specification. The use of virtual platforms also represents an advantage since it supports to start the HdS development in an initial design phase.This paper proposes an approach for checking errors during the development of a very error prone Hardware dependent Software, that is device drivers. The proposed checking mechanism can be generated from a device specification using a language called Temporal DevC. Taking a device description in TDevC, the proposed approach generates a driver checking mechanism based on state machines. Experiments show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed mechanism, enabling its use for the detection of unwanted flows in the device driver simulation as well.
Sulfur-containing Polymers. XIII. The Synthesis and Properties of Soluble Polydithiocarbamates (1974)

Abstract Polydithiocarbamates have been synthesized by the polycondensation of di-K or di-Na bisdithiocarbamates based on secondary diamines with bischloromethylated aromatics in N,N-dimethylformamide. The polymers obtained in good yields had inherent viscosities up to 0.66. The polymers derived from 1,3-di-4-piperidylpropane were soluble in organic solvents, such as dichloromethane and chloroform, and gave transparent, tough films from the solution. These polymers decomposed upon UV irradiation, with the liberation of carbon disulfide. The photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of the polymer has also been studied.
Increased T follicular helper cells and germinal center B cells are required for cGVHD and bronchiolitis obliterans (2014)

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Having shown that germinal center (GC) formation and immunoglobulin deposition are required for multiorgan system cGVHD and associated bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in a murine model, we hypothesized that T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are necessary for cGVHD by supporting GC formation and maintenance. We show that increased frequency of Tfh cells correlated with increased GC B cells, cGVHD, and BOS. Although administering a highly depletionary anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to mice with established cGVHD resulted in peripheral B-cell depletion, B cells remained in the lung, and BOS was not reversed. BOS could be treated by eliminating production of interleukin-21 (IL-21) by donor T cells or IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) signaling of donor B cells. Development of BOS was dependent upon T cells expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR5 to facilitate T-cell trafficking to secondary lymphoid organ follicles. Blocking mAbs for IL-21/IL-21R, inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS)/ICOS ligand, and CD40L/CD40 hindered GC formation and cGVHD. These data provide novel insights into cGVHD pathogenesis, indicate a role for Tfh cells in these processes, and suggest a new line of therapy using mAbs targeting Tfh cells to reverse cGVHD.
Succinylcarboxypeptidase<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSuccinylcarboxypeptidase*James F. Riordan and Bert L. ValleeCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 11, 1768–1774Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00899a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (918 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Cascade of cell swelling: thermodynamic potential discharge of brain cells after membrane injury (1992)

This paper illustrates the principles of volume regulation in brain cells. Animal experiments were first performed ex vivo. Brains of gerbils were removed and incubated in 3 ml of physiological saline for 1 h. Control (0.86 g, n = 8) and swollen hemispheres (1.11 g, n = 8) were analyzed for tissue hydration, electrolytes and osmolality. The incubation media were also analyzed for gains or losses of electrolytes and water. Na+ and Cl- moved into and K+ moved out of the tissue. The ratio of Na+ influx to K+ efflux was calculated to be approximately 2:1. Water shifted into the tissue accompanying the net movements of small ions. In a simulated "cell" model constructed on the basis of the above observations with an outside saline and an inside colloid solution separated by a dialysis membrane, fluid shifts were demonstrated in the absence of (or even against) an osmotic gradient across the membrane under isobaric and isothermal conditions. Such paradoxical fluid shifts, presumably occurring in a similar manner to those in living cells, were shown to be due to the discharge of a huge thermodynamic potential accumulated by the cell as a condensation of ions outside and of proteins inside the cell membrane. We conclude that a loss in barrier function of the cell membrane ignites such a thermodynamic potential discharge causing an environmental fluid shift into the cells even under conditions of no (or even a contrary) osmotic gradient. Under such circumstances, countercotransporters and ion exchangers such as Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl- may work as modulators of the fluid shift, limiting its rate. The thermodynamic potential can explain the cascade of cell swelling (cytotoxic edema) as well as the spontaneous increase in osmolality in the ischemic cell when the cell volume increase is somehow restricted.
Applying performance modelling to a telecommunication system (1998)

As telecommunication software systems are growing in size and complexity, the eflort of tuning them for performance becomes more costly and time-consuming. Performance modelling ofleers an eficient means of estimating software design and implementation alternatives, and is much easier to apply than actually changing the real system. Although it is widelv recognized that performance engineering is very important to the telecommunications industry, modelling techniques are not easily accessible to software developers. The most important obstacle is the cognitive gap between the software and the performance domains. This paper presents the experience of the authors in modelling an existing telecommunication product and then in using its results for capacity planning and for feeding back recommendations to the sofmare development team. The paper also describes an approach to make performance engineering more accessible to .sqftware developers.
Human Erythrocytes Selectively Bind and Enrich Infectious HIV-1 Virions (2009)

Although CD4(+) cells represent the major target for HIV infection in blood, claims of complement-independent binding of HIV-1 to erythrocytes and the possible role of Duffy blood group antigen, have generated controversy. To examine the question of binding to erythrocytes, HIV-1 was incubated in vitro with erythrocytes from 30 healthy leukapheresis donors, and binding was determined by p24 analysis and adsorption of HIV-1 with reduction of infectivity for CD4(+) target cells. All of the cells, regardless of blood group type, bound HIV-1 p24. A typical preparation of erythrocytes bound <2.4% of the added p24, but erythrocytes selectively removed essentially all of the viral infectivity as determined by decreased infection of CD4(+) target cells; however, cell-associated HIV-1 was approximately 100-fold more efficient, via trans infection, than unadsorbed virus for infection of CD4(+) cells. All of the bound HIV-1 p24 was released by treatment of the cells with EDTA, and binding was optimized by adding Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) during the washing of erythrocytes containing bound HIV-1. Although the small number of contaminating leukocytes in the erythrocyte preparation also bound HIV-1 p24, there was no significant binding to CD4, and it thus appears that the binding occurred on leukocytes at non-CD4 sites. Furthermore, binding occurred to erythrocyte ghosts from which contaminating leukocytes had been previously removed. The results demonstrate that erythrocytes incubated in vitro with HIV-1 differentially adsorb all of the infectious HIV-1 virions (as opposed to non-infectious or degraded virions) in the absence of complement and independent of blood group, and binding is dependent on divalent cations. By analogy with HIV-1 bound to DC-SIGN on dendritic cells, erythrocyte-bound HIV-1 might comprise an important surface reservoir for trans infection of permissive cells.
Processive Movement of MreB-Associated Cell Wall Biosynthetic Complexes in Bacteria (2011)

The peptidoglycan cell wall and the actin-like MreB cytoskeleton are major determinants of cell shape in rod-shaped bacteria. The prevailing model postulates that helical, membrane-associated MreB filaments organize elongation-specific peptidoglycan-synthesizing complexes along sidewalls. We used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to visualize the dynamic relation between MreB isoforms and cell wall synthesis in live Bacillus subtilis cells. During exponential growth, MreB proteins did not form helical structures. Instead, together with other morphogenetic factors, they assembled into discrete patches that moved processively along peripheral tracks perpendicular to the cell axis. Patch motility was largely powered by cell wall synthesis, and MreB polymers restricted diffusion of patch components in the membrane and oriented patch motion.
SCREW AND BARREL DESIGN FOR GROOVED FEED VS. SMOOTH BORE EXTRUDERS (2002)

Grooved feed extruders (GFE) for quality production at lowest costs require screw and barrel designs capable of achieving gradual increases in pressure along the extruder and low friction in the feed section. Barrier-melting and mixing zones must be adapted to higher rates compared with smooth bore extruders (SBE). Because of reduced energy-losses new GFE-designs are no longer water cooled but use ceramic heating-/air-cooling-devices. Performance data of GFEs and SBEs represent differences in output and quality esp. at high speeds. Pros and Cons are discussed with respect to extruder downsizing, flexibility, regrind processing and vented extrusion, leading to preferred applications for GFEs and SBEs.