gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ligand-induced apoptosis of mature T lymphocytes (propriocidal regulation) occurs at distinct stages of the cell cycle. (1993)

We previously demonstrated that mature T lymphocytes responding to either IL-2 or IL-4 undergo apoptosis upon T cell antigen receptor stimulation, and have termed this potential negative feedback pathway propriocidal regulation. Using cell cycle inhibitors, we now show that T cell growth lymphokines cause the entry of T cells into vulnerable stages of the cell cycle in which T cell receptor occupancy causes apoptosis.
Computation of aortic flow from pressure in humans using a nonlinear, three-element model (1993)

We computed aortic flow pulsations from arterial pressure by simulating a nonlinear, time-varying three-element model of aortic input impedance. The model elements represent aortic characteristic impedance, arterial compliance, and systemic vascular resistance. Parameter values for the first two elements were computed from a published, age-dependent, aortic pressure-area relationship (G. J. Langewouters et al. J. Biomech. 17:425-435, 1984). Peripheral resistance was predicted from mean pressure and model mean flow. Model flow pulsations from aortic pressure showed the visual aspects of an aortic flow curve. For evaluation we compared model mean flow from radial arterial pressure with thermodilution cardiac output estimations, 76 times, in eight open heart surgical patients. The pooled mean difference was +7%, the SD 22%. After using one comparison per patient to calibrate the model, however, we followed quantitative changes in cardiac output that occurred either during changes in the state of the patient or subsequent to vasoactive drugs. The mean deviation from thermodilution cardiac output was +2%, the SD 8%. Given these small errors the method could monitor cardiac output continuously.
Temperature dependence of the Raman line width in diamond: Revisited (2015)

Despite more than 60‐year history of Raman scattering studies of diamond, considerable discrepancies between values of the Raman linewidth and its temperature dependence reported by different authors still exist. In this paper we report on the Raman scattering measurements performed for synthetic diamond crystals with nitrogen impurity content below 1 ppm (type IIa) and dislocation density 10 2 –10 3 cm −2 over the temperature range of 50–1000 K. The spectra were recorded with a high spectral resolution (~0.3 cm −1 ) and thoroughly analyzed to account for the instrumental response. The results demonstrate unequivocally that the temperature dependence of the Raman line width is well described by a model which assumes both three‐phonon and four‐phonon anharmonic processes. Elimination of the discrepancies in the line width description advances the Raman scattering technique in the characterization of diamonds with different crystalline quality, defect and/or impurity concentration. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Performance Study of Delta Modulation Systems for Voiceband Data Signals (1981)

In this paper the performance of delta modulation (DM) systems have been studied by computer simulation when the input signal to the DM coder is a voiceband data signal. First, the parameter values of three DM systems, linear DM (LDM), constant factor DM (CFDM), and continuously variable slope DM (CVSD) has been optimized for 4800 bits/s differential phase shift keying (DPSK) signal. Then, the performance of the three DM systems have been studied for ideal and noisy channels. It has been found that the peak signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) is nearly the same regardless of coding scheme used, but CFDM yields the widest dynamic range. In a noisy channel, however, CFDM is very sensitive to channel bit errors. Considering the overall performance, CVSD appears to be the best among the three DM systems studied. Also, the performances of DM's have been compared with those of PCM and DPCM systems. In addition, we have studied the effect of DM quantization noise on modem bit error rate by the Monte Carlo simulation method. It is possible to transmit a 4800 bits/s DPSK signal at a bit error rate below 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> by CVSD with the rate of 32 kbits/s.
Transferring Real-Time Systems Research into Industrial Practice: Four Impact Case Studies (2018)

This paper describes four impact case studies where real-time systems research has been successfully transferred into industrial practice. In three cases, the technology created was translated into a viable commercial product via a start-up company. This technology transfer led to the creation and sustaining of a large number of high technology jobs over a 20 year period. The final case study involved the direct transfer of research results into an engineering company. Taken together, all four case studies have led to significant advances in automotive electronics and avionics, providing substantial returns on investment for the companies using the technology.
SNoW User Guide (1999)

SNoW is a learning architecture that is specifically tailored for learning in the presence of a very large number of features and can be used as a general purpose multi-class classifier. SNoW has been used successfully in several applications in the natural language and visual processing domains. This document is the user guide for the SNoW learning architecture. It is provided, along with the software, as a research tool for studying learning in these domains.
Polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by ultrasound (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by ultrasoundGareth J. Price, Diane J. Norris, and Peter J. WestCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 24, 6447–6454Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00050a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00050a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1138Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nelson Rockefeller: An Anti-Obituary (1979)

It is altogether appropriate that Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller, after more than seventy years, should have departed the scene. His public career can be interpreted as a series of efforts to turn whatever was free, living, and vibrant into something inorganic, fixed, and non-autonomous. He was the personal embodiment of Kurt Vonnegut's Ice-Nine, from the thin-lipped smile to the wing-tipped shoes.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Catalytic Mechanism of the Glycyl Radical Enzyme 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate Decarboxylase from Continuum Electrostatic and QC/MM Calculations (2013)

Using continuum electrostatics and QC/MM calculations, we investigate the catalytic cycle of the glycyl radical enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in the fermentative production of p-cresol from tyrosine in clostridia. On the basis of our calculations, we propose a five-step mechanism for the reaction. In the first step, the substrate 4-hydroxyphenylacetate is activated by an unusual concerted abstraction of an electron and a proton. Namely, Cys503 radical abstracts an electron from the substrate and Glu637 abstracts a proton. Thus in total, a hydrogen atom is abstracted from the substrate. In the second step, the carboxylic group readily splits off from the phenoxy-acetate radical anion to give carbon dioxide. This decarboxylation step is coupled to a proton transfer from Glu637 back to the phenolic hydroxyl group which leads to a p-hydroxybenzyl radical. The remaining steps of the reaction involve a rotation of the Cys503 side chain followed by a proton transfer from Glu505 to Cys503 and a hydrogen atom transfer from Cys503 to the p-hydroxybenzyl radical to form p-cresol. The calculated mechanism agrees with experimental data suggesting that both Cys503 and Glu637 are essential for the catalytic function of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase and that the substrate requires a hydroxyl group in para-position to the acetate moiety.
Synthesis of branched polypropylene with isotactic backbone and atactic side chains by binary iron and zirconium single‐site catalysts (2003)

Abstract This article reports the use of a binary single‐site catalyst system for synthesizing comb‐branched polypropylene samples having isotactic polypropylene (iPP) backbones and atactic polypropylene (aPP) side chains from propylene feedstock. This catalyst system consisted of the bisiminepyridine iron catalyst {[2‐ArNC(Me)] 2 C 5 H 3 N}FeCl 2 [Ar = 2,6‐C 6 H 3 (Me) 2 ] ( 1 ) and the zirconocene catalyst rac ‐Me 2 Si(2‐MeBenz[ e ]Ind) 2 ZrCl 2 ( 2 ). The former in situ generated 1‐propenyl‐ended aPP macromonomer, whereas the latter incorporated the macromonomer into the copolymer. The effects of reaction conditions, such as the catalyst addition procedure and the ratio of 1 / 2 on the branching frequency, were examined. Copolymer samples having a branching density up to 8.6 aPP side chains per 1000 iPP monomer units were obtained. The branched copolymers were characterized by 13 C NMR and differential scanning calorimetry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 1152–1159, 2003
Molecular polarisability. The conformations of diphenyl ketone, dimesityl ketone, and mesityl phenyl ketone as solutes (1967)

Dipole moments and molar Kerr constants (×1012) are recorded for diphenyl ketone (2·98 D, +126), dimesityl ketone (2·84 D, –202), and mesityl phenyl ketone (2·97 D, –165) as solutes in carbon tetrachloride at 25°. For diphenyl ketone and dimesityl ketone the experimental results are consistent with the presence of antisymmetric (C2) solute species in which the effective conformational angles between the planes of the aromatic rings and the C–CO–C plane are 42 and 61°, respectively. Possible conformations of mesityl phenyl ketone are discussed.
Worldview of Psychiatry (2004)

Article AbstractBecause this piece does not have an abstract, we have provided for your benefit the first 3 sentences of the full text.The Collegium Internationale Neuropsychopharmacologicum(CINP),the oldest international group dedicated to the advancement of psychopharmacology, will hold its 24th Congress from June 20-24, 2004, in Paris, France. In this column, we provide program highlights. The Congress will emphasize materials relevant to the concerns of both clinicians who treat patients and basic research scientists who have an interest in neuropsychopharmacology. All major psychiatric disorders, neurotransmitters, receptors, and relevant areas such as clinical treatment and clinical trials, side effect management, biological markers, genetics, and brain imaging will be covered.
<i>X rays in Atomic and Nuclear Physics</i> (1974)

This book deals with the methods of X-ray production at a level which is accessible to advanced undergraduates and researchers who use X-rays. It also discusses the fundamentals of these physical properties from an experimental viewpoint which is not covered in more specialised texts. The book begins with a survey of work carried out before 1945. Continuous and characteristic spectra are discussed followed by a description of techniques used in their study. Further studies of production, absorption and scattering in atomic and nuclear processes are described, including a completely new chapter on X-ray production by protons, alpha-particles and ions. The concluding chapter surveys some more advanced fields of study. It will be very valuable to all research and industrial physicists working with X-rays who need to know about their fundamental properties in more detail. In this second edition SI units are used throughout and the material reflects the changes in the use of X-rays and the developments in the field.
Impact of Antenna Correlation on the Capacity of Multiantenna Channels (2005)

This paper applies random matrix theory to obtain analytical characterizations of the capacity of correlated multiantenna channels. The analysis is not restricted to the popular separable correlation model, but rather it embraces a more general representation that subsumes most of the channel models that have been treated in the literature. For arbitrary signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), the characterization is conducted in the regime of large numbers of antennas. For the low- and high-SNR regions, in turn, we uncover compact capacity expansions that are valid for arbitrary numbers of antennas and that shed insight on how antenna correlation impacts the tradeoffs among power, bandwidth, and rate.
Sarbanes—Oxley and Enterprise Security: IT Governance — What It Takes to Get the Job Done (2005)

Abstract Several sections of the Sarbanes— Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) directly affect the governance of the information technology (IT) organization, including potential SOX certification by the chief information officer, Section 404 internal control assessments, “rapid and current” disclosures to the public of material changes, and authentic and immutable record retention. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires publicly traded companies to comply with the Treadway Commission's Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) that defines enterprise risk and places security as a critical variable in enterprise risk assessment. Effective IT and security governance are examined in terms of SOX compliance. Motorola IT security governance demonstrates effective structures, processes, and communications; centralized security leaders participate with Motorola's Management Board to create an enabling security organization to sustain long-term change.
Six Common Myths about Fraud; If Not Debunked, They Can Obscure the Existence of White-Collar Crime (1990)

The osseointegrated auditory devices generate hearing improvement in tonal thresholds and speech recognition, even in noise. Most patients closed the air-bone gap with the device. There is a direct relationship between the bone conduction threshold and the power output values from the processor, but only in mid and high frequencies. However, the relationship between power output and gain in speech recognition is weaker. Further investigation of contributing factors is necessary.
An immersive visualization framework for monitoring, simulating and controlling smart street lighting networks (2012)

In recent years there has been an increasing effort in investigating integrated solutions to reduce energy consumption levels in different domains. In this perspective, tools thought as a support for the simulation and experimentation of energy saving strategies could constitute a valid help both in the design and validation phases.Within the above scenario, this paper presents a framework for monitoring, simulating and controlling energy-aware street lighting systems capable of optimizing their energy consumption levels based on environmental conditions and established lighting policies.The devised system allows operators to visually inspect (and control) the power saving impact of specific dimming rules in both monitored and simulated environments through the use of advanced 3D vision and interaction capabilities. In fact, a virtual interface is able to recreate the lighting effect within digital city environments, which can be explored by using immersive stereoscopic techniques. Moreover, natural user interfaces based on the recognition of user gestures and poses and voice commands are exploited to improve virtual navigation of the lighting infrastructures.By addressing all the presented aspects, the proposed system aims at constituting an effective tool to develop and analyze energy saving solutions in the domain of (but not necessarily limited to) future public street lighting.
The Closed State of a H<sup>+</sup> Channel Helical Bundle Combining Precise Orientational and Distance Restraints from Solid State NMR (2002)

An interhelical distance has been precisely measured by REDOR solid-state NMR spectroscopy in the transmembrane tetrameric bundle of M2-TMP, from the M2 proton channel of the influenza A viral coat. The high-resolution structure of the helical backbone has been determined using orientational restraints from uniformly aligned peptide preparations in hydrated dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers. Here, the distance between (15)N(pi) labeled His37 and (13)C(gamma) labeled Trp41 is determined to be less than 3.9 A. Such a short distance, in combination with the known tilt and rotational orientation of the individual helices, permits not only a determination of which specific side chain pairings give rise to the interaction, but also the side chain torsion angles and restraints for the tetrameric bundle can also be characterized. The resulting proton channel structure is validated in a variety of ways. Both histidine and tryptophan side chains are oriented in toward the pore where they can play a significant functional role. The channel appears to be closed by the proximity of the four indoles consistent with electrophysiology and mutagenesis studies of the intact protein at pH 7.0 and above. The pore maintains its integrity to the N terminal side of the membrane, and at the same time, a cavity is generated that appears adequate for binding amantadine. Finally, the observation of a 2 kHz coupling in the PISEMA spectrum of (15)N(pi)His37 validates the orientation of the His37 side chain based on the observed REDOR distance.
Audio Event Detection Using Deep Neural Networks (2017)

본 논문에서는 깊은 신경망을 이용한 오디오 이벤트 검출 방법을 제안한다. 오디오 입력의 매 프레임에 대한 오디오 이벤트 확률을 feed-forward 신경망을 적용하여 생성한다. 매 프레임에 대하여 멜 스케일 필터 뱅크 특징을 추출한 후, 해당 프레임의 전후 프레임으로부터의 특징벡터들을 하나의 특징벡터로 결합하고 이를 feed-forward 신경망의 입력으로 사용한다. 깊은 신경망의 출력층은 입력 프레임 특징값에 대한 오디오 이벤트 확률값을 나타낸다. 연속된 5개 이상의 프레임에서의 이벤트 확률값이 임계값을 넘을 경우 해당 구간이 오디오 이벤트로 검출된다. 검출된 오디오 이벤트는 1초 이내에 동일 이벤트로 검출되는 동안 하나의 오디오 이벤트로 유지된다. 제안된 방법으로 구현된 오디오 이벤트 검출기는 UrbanSound8K와 BBC Sound FX자료에서의 20개 오디오 이벤트에 대하여 71.8%의 검출 정확도를 보였다. This paper proposes an audio event detection method using Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The proposed method applies Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) to generate output probabilities of twenty audio events for each frame. Mel scale filter bank (FBANK) features are extracted from each frame, and its five consecutive frames are combined as one vector which is the input feature of the FFNN. The output layer of FFNN produces audio event probabilities for each input feature vector. More than five consecutive frames of which event probability exceeds threshold are detected as an audio event. An audio event continues until the event is detected within one second. The proposed method achieves as 71.8% accuracy for 20 classes of the UrbanSound8K and the BBC Sound FX dataset.
Screening of the Effective cellulose-degradable Strain and Its Application in the Production of Cellulose Bioethanol (2009)

Strains from the cellulose-containing environment were collected. Primary screening (by filter-paper Hutchison solid culture medium and sodium carboxymethylcellulose solid culture medium) and reelection (by filter-paper inorganic salt culture medium and sodium carboxymethylcellulose Congo red culture medium) indicated that five strains obtained were best suited for high performance cellulose degradation. Determination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose activity (CMCA) and filter paper activity (FPA) was accomplished for each of the five. The strongest of the five in CMCA and FPA was applied to the production of cellulose bioethanol by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) respectively.
Proteomic Analysis of Human Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid after Subsgemental Exposure (2013)

The analysis of airway fluid, as sampled by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), provides a minimally invasive route to interrogate lung biology in health and disease. Here, we used immunodepletion, coupled with gel- and label-free LC-MS/MS, for quantitation of the BAL fluid (BALF) proteome in samples recovered from human subjects following bronchoscopic instillation of saline, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or house dust mite antigen into three distinct lung subsegments. Among more than 200 unique proteins quantified across nine samples, neutrophil granule-derived and acute phase proteins were most highly enriched in the LPS-exposed lobes. Of these, peptidoglycan response protein 1 was validated and confirmed as a novel marker of neutrophilic inflammation. Compared to a prior transcriptomic analysis of airway cells in this same cohort, the BALF proteome revealed a novel set of response factors. Independent of exposure, the enrichment of tracheal-expressed proteins in right lower lung lobes suggests a potential for constitutive intralobar variability in the BALF proteome; sampling of multiple lung subsegments also appears to aid in the identification of protein signatures that differentiate individuals at baseline. Collectively, this proof-of-concept study validates a robust workflow for BALF proteomics and demonstrates the complementary nature of proteomic and genomic techniques for investigating airway (patho)physiology.
Influence of protein transduction domains on intracellular delivery of macromolecules (2006)

As the plasma membrane and blood–brain barrier selectively restrict the entry of most compounds into cells to < 500 Da, delivering macromolecules into cells was, until recently, little more than a goal. However, with significant effort to capitalise on therapeutic targets available in the post-genomic era, novel approaches for delivering therapeutic macromolecules are being rapidly developed. The discovery of small cationic peptides, termed peptide/protein transduction domains or cell-penetrating peptides, which cross biological membranes, has emerged as a venerable Trojan horse to transport large, biologically active molecules, such as peptides, proteins and oligonucleotides, into mammalian cells in vitro, as well as in preclinical models and clinical trials in vivo. This review discusses the implications of peptide/protein transduction domain-mediated delivery of macromolecules and their possible uses as important primary drug delivery agents.