gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stable ultrahigh specific capacitance of NiO nanorod arrays (2011)

Previously reported examples of electrochemical pseudocapacitors based on cheap metal oxides have suffered from the need to compromise between specific capacitance, rate capacitance, and reversibility. Here we show that NiO nanorod arrays on Ni foam have a combination of ultrahigh specific capacitance (2018 F/g at 2.27 A/g), high power density (1536 F/g at 22.7 A/g), and good cycling stability (only 8% of capacitance was lost in the first 100 cycles with no further change in the subsequent 400 cycles). This resulted in an improvement in the reversible capacitance record for NiO by 50% or more, reaching 80% of the theoretical value, and demonstrated that a three-dimensional regular porous array structure can afford all of these virtues in a supercapacitor. The excellent performance can be attributed to the slim (< 20 nm) rod morphology, high crystallinity, regularly aligned array structure and strong bonding of the nanorods to the metallic Ni substrate, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The Dolastatins 16. Synthesis of Dolaphenine (1994)

Synthesis of dolaphenine ( 2 ) . the thiazole-containing unit of the strongly antineoplastic peptide dolastatin 10 (I), has been summarized.While conversion (4-7 or 4-11) of phenylalanine to thiazolidines (7) or thiazolines (11) was routinely uneventful, a dependable procedure for dehydrogenation of these intermediates to dolaphenine (2, Doe) proved elusive.While several types of specially prepared manganese dioxide were found most effective for the dehydrogenation, yields of dolaphenine varied from almostnil to over 70%.Some of these reactions resulted in partial to complete racemization of the phenylalanine derived chiral carbon.
Efeitos da atividade física na redução dos efeitos do imobilismo: Estudo de caso (2004)

Este estudo de caso possui o objetivo de avaliar os beneficios da realizacao de atividades fisicas durante o periodo de 8 semanas de imobilizacao no leito em aspectos como: frequencia cardiaca de repouso, composicao corporal, estado fisico geral e VO2 relativo. O programa de ginastica adaptada constou de 4 sessoes semanais com aproximadamente uma hora de duracao. Os resultados demonstraram melhora em todas as avaliacoes realizada, sendo mais evidente na avaliacao da composicao corporal. Estes resultados apontam para a minimizacao dos efeitos do imobilismo devido a realizacao de atividades fisicas durante o periodo de internacao.
Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice (2017)

The aim of this manuscript and accompanying video is to provide an overview of the methods and approaches used for imaging heart valve function in rodents, with detailed descriptions of the appropriate methods for anesthesia, the echocardiographic windows used, the imaging planes and probe orientations for image acquisition, the methods for data analysis, and the limitations of emerging technologies for the evaluation of cardiac and valvular function. Importantly, we also highlight several future areas of research in cardiac and heart valve imaging that may be leveraged to gain insights into the pathogenesis of valve disease in preclinical animal models. We propose that using a systematic approach to evaluating cardiac and heart valve function in mice can result in more robust and reproducible data, as well as facilitate the discovery of previously underappreciated phenotypes in genetically-altered and/or physiologically-stressed mice.
A Comparison of Approximate String Matching Algorithms (1996)

Experimental comparisons of the running time of approximate string matching algorithms for the k differences problem are presented. Given a pattern string, a text string, and an integer k, the task is to find all approximate occurrences of the pattern in the text with at most k differences (insertions, deletions, changes). We consider seven algorithms based on different approaches including dynamic programming, Boyer–Moore string matching, suffix automata, and the distribution of characters. It turns out that none of the algorithms is the best for all values of the problem parameters, and the speed differences between the methods can be considerable.
Coordinated bandwidth adaptations for distributed 3D tele-immersive systems (2015)

3D tele-immersion improves the state of collaboration among geographically distributed participants. Unlike the traditional 2D videos, a 3D tele-immersive system employs multiple 3D cameras based in each physical site to cover a much larger field of view, generating a very large amount of stream data. One of the major challenges is how to efficiently transmit these bulky 3D streaming data to bandwidth-constrained sites. In this paper, we propose an adaptive Human Visual System (HVS) -aware bandwidth management framework for efficient delivery of multiple streams produced from distributed 3D tele-immersive sites to a receiver site with limited bandwidth budget. Our novel adaptation framework exploits the semantics link of HVS with multiple 3D streams in the 3D tele-immersive environment. Our evaluation results show that the proposed HVS-aware adaptation improves the total quality per unit of bandwidth used to deliver streams in 3D tele-immersive systems.
Bauxite as a Drying Adsorbent (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBauxite as a Drying AdsorbentW. A. La Lande Jr., W. S. W. McCarter, and J. B. SanbornCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1944, 36, 2, 99–109Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50410a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50410a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Influence of Surface Oxidation of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Adsorption Affinity and Capacity of Polar and Nonpolar Organic Compounds in Aqueous Phase (2012)

Adsorption of organic contaminants on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a critical behavior in the environmental application of CNTs as sorbents and in the environmental risk assessment of both organic contaminants and CNTs. Oxidation of CNTs may introduce oxygen-containing groups on CNTs' surface and then alter the adsorption of organic contaminants. In this study, adsorption of polar and nonpolar organic compounds on four multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) containing varied amounts of surface oxygen-containing groups were investigated to examine the influence of CNTs' surface oxidation on adsorption. We observed that surface oxidation of MWCNTs reduced the surface area-normalized adsorption capacity of organic compounds significantly because of the competition of water molecules but did not alter the adsorption affinity. The interactions (i.e., hydrophobic effect, π-π bonds, and hydrogen bonds) and the interaction strength for adsorption of organic molecules on MWCNTs could not be altered by the surface oxidation of MWCNTs and thus were responsible for the unaltered adsorption affinity. In addition, the decrease of surface area-normalized adsorption capacity of the organic compound with more polarity and higher adsorption affinity by surface oxidation was less because of the heterogeneous nature of hydrophilic sites of MWCNTs' surface.
Quantitative PCR for Detection of <i>Babesia microti</i> in <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> Ticks and in Human Blood (2013)

Babesia microti, the primary cause of human babesiosis in the United States, is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis ticks; transmission may also occur through blood transfusion and transplacentally. Most infected people experience a viral-like illness that resolves without complication, but those who are immunocompromised may develop a serious and prolonged illness that is sometimes fatal. The geographic expansion and increasing incidence of human babesiosis in the northeastern and midwestern United States highlight the need for high-throughput sensitive and specific assays to detect parasites in both ticks and humans with the goals of improving epidemiological surveillance, diagnosis of acute infections, and screening of the blood supply. Accordingly, we developed a B. microti-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay (named BabMq18) designed to detect B. microti DNA in tick and human blood samples using a primer and probe combination that targets the 18S rRNA gene of B. microti. This qPCR assay was compared with two nonquantitative B. microti PCR assays by testing tick samples and was found to exhibit higher sensitivity for detection of B. microti DNA. The BabMq18 assay has a detection threshold of 10 copies per reaction and does not amplify DNA in I. scapularis ticks infected with Babesia odocoilei, Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia miyamotoi, or Anaplasma phagocytophilum. This highly sensitive and specific qPCR assay can be used for detection of B. microti DNA in both tick and human samples. Finally, we report the prevalence of B. microti infection in field-collected I. scapularis nymphs from three locations in southern New England that present disparate incidences of human babesiosis.
Innervated human corneal equivalents as in vitro models for nerve‐target cell interactions (2003)

A sensory nerve supply is crucial for optimal tissue function. However, the mechanisms for successful innervation and the signaling pathways between nerves and their target tissue are not fully understood. Engineered tissue substitutes can provide controllable environments in which to study tissue innervation. We have therefore engineered human corneal substitutes that promote nerve in-growth in a pattern similar to in vivo re-innervation. We demonstrate that these nerves (a) are morphologically equivalent to natural corneal nerves; (b) make appropriate contact with target cells; (c) can generate action potentials; (d) respond to chemical and physical stimuli; and (e) play an important role in the overall functioning of the bioengineered tissue. This model can be used for studying the more general topics of nerve ingrowth or regeneration and the interaction between nerves and their target cells and, more specifically, the role of nerves in corneal function. This model could also be used as an in vitro alternative to animals for safety and efficacy testing of chemicals and drugs.
Forecasting methods used for performance's simulation and optimization of photovoltaic grids (2002)

The energy-efficiency statistical model presented below is an acceptable and quickly method of photovoltaic grid behavior forecasting, for specific photovoltaic energy producing application. Using the standard method of efficiency evaluation, a statistical model for photovoltaic grids is proposed, transposing collected data in the specified model pattern of the exponential smoothing and autoregressive integrated moving average statistical techniques. These aims were included in a prospective software program (EnergOptimizer), which provide advanced features of designing, forecasting and three-dimensional shading prediction tool. Therefore, a systematic analysis of the photovoltaic grids, in energy-efficiency respect, following this conception will bring benefits in the simulation and optimization background of photovoltaic projects.
C<sup>α</sup>‐Tetrasubstituted amino acid based peptides in asymmetric catalysis (2005)

C(alpha)-tetrasubstituted alpha-amino acids constitute a powerful tool for controlling the conformation of short peptide sequences. Chiral peptides may be used in stereoselective reactions both for asymmetric induction and in kinetic resolution. By reviewing recent data from our own laboratories and by presenting new results on the stereoselective oxidation of chalcone to the corresponding oxide, this contribution shows that the control of peptide conformation is a critical issue in order to achieve successful stereoselective catalysis.
Molecular cloning and characterisation of the two DNA components of tomato golden mosaic virus (1982)

We report the molecular cloning of the tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) genome in the E. coli plasmid pAT 153. The results of this work conclusively show that TGMV DNA consists of two components (designated A and B) of almost, but not exactly, the same size. Four different recombinant plasmids are described, two containing component A in opposite orientation and two containing component B in opposite orientation. Southern blot analysis revealed little sequence homology between A and B and showed both components to be equally represented in viral and intracellular DNA forms. Detailed restriction maps of the cloned DNAs are presented, and a comparison of these with digests of intracellular viral dsDNA indicates that the former are full-length faithful copies of TGMV DNA. This is the first report of the cloning of a geminivirus genome.
A near-infrared spectrophotometric method for studying brain O2 sufficiency in man during +Gz acceleration. (1988)

A technique for the noninvasive monitoring of cerebral oxygen status was evaluated on volunteer subjects on the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine centrifuge. By using multiwavelength near-infrared spectrophotometry, the instrumentation measured changes in the quantities of reduced and oxygenated hemoglobin (and their sum, an indicator of cerebral blood volume), and the quantity of oxidized cytochrome c oxidase within the forebrain. Tests used acceleration of up to 9 G with onset rates from 0.1 to 5.0 G.s-1, anti-G suits and straining maneuvers, and hyperoxic and hypoxic breathing mixtures. In general, +Gz acceleration produced a fall in blood volume within the cerebral microcirculation with a relative increase in the content of reduced hemoglobin and a tendency towards reduction of cytochrome c oxidase. These findings are discussed in relation to accepted changes in arterial blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, and arterial oxygen saturation caused by acceleration exposure.
Simultaneous 4D‐CBCT reconstruction with sliding motion constraint (2016)

A sliding motion-compensated 4D-CBCT reconstruction and the motion modeling scheme was developed. Both phantom and patient study demonstrated the improved accuracy and motion modeling accuracy in reconstructed 4D-CBCT.
Toxicity of Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives on the Intestine: Differential Effects on Morphology, Barrier Function, Tight Junction Proteins, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (2012)

The intestinal epithelium is the first barrier against food contaminants and is highly sensitive to mycotoxins, especially de oxynivalenol (DON). Consumption of DON-contaminated food is associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis. In cereals and their byproducts, DON is present together with two acetylated derivatives, 3-ADON and 15-ADON. The aim of this study was to compare the intestinal toxicity of DON and A-DONs, using noncytotoxic doses. The toxicity was assessed using in vitro (intestinal epithelial cell line), ex vivo (intestinal explants), and in vivo (animals exposed to mycotoxin-contaminated diets) models. The effects were studied on cell proliferation, barrier function, and intestinal structure. The mechanism of toxicity was investigated by measuring the expression of the tight junction proteins and of phosphorylated ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, which are effectors of signaling pathway involved in cellular programs including embryogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. On proliferating cells, 3-ADON was less toxic than DON, which was less toxic than 15-ADON. On differentiated cells, 15-ADON impaired the barrier function, whereas DON and 3-ADON did not have a significant effect. Similarly, ex vivo and in vivo, 15-ADON caused more histological lesions than DON or 3-ADON. At the molecular level, the 15-ADON activated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) ERK1/2, p38, and JNK in the intestinal cell line, explants, and the jejunum from exposed animals at lower dose than DON and 3-ADON. Our results show that the higher toxicity of 15-DON is due to its ability to activate the MAPK. Given that cereal-based foods are contaminated with DON and acetylated-DON, the higher toxicity of 15-ADON should be taken into account.
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Is Neuroprotective in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury (2014)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an international health concern with a complex pathogenesis resulting in major long-term neurological, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Although neuroinflammation has been identified as an important pathophysiological process resulting from TBI, the function of specific inflammatory mediators in the aftermath of TBI remains poorly understood. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an inflammatory cytokine that has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in various animal models of neurodegenerative disease that share pathological similarities with TBI. The importance of GM-CSF in TBI has yet to be studied, however. We examined the role of GM-CSF in TBI by comparing the effects of a lateral fluid percussion (LFP) injury or sham injury in GM-CSF gene deficient (GM-CSF(-/-)) versus wild-type (WT) mice. After a 3-month recovery interval, mice were assessed using neuroimaging and behavioral outcomes. All mice given a LFP injury displayed significant brain atrophy and behavioral impairments compared with those given sham-injuries; however, this was significantly worse in the GM-CSF(-/-) mice compared with the WT mice. GM-CSF(-/-) mice given LFP injury also had reduced astrogliosis compared with their WT counterparts. These novel findings indicate that the inflammatory mediator, GM-CSF, may have significant protective properties in the chronic sequelae of experimental TBI and suggest that further research investigating GM-CSF and its potential benefits in the injured brain is warranted.
Profiling of core fucosylated N-glycans using a novel bacterial lectin that specifically recognizes α1,6 fucosylated chitobiose (2016)

A novel fucose-binding lectin (SL2-1) from the bacterium Streptomyces rapamycinicus was identified by analysis of metagenomic DNA sequences. SL2-1 belongs to a new group of bacterial fucose-specific lectins that have no similarity to known bacterial fucose-binding proteins, but are related to certain eukaryotic fucose-binding lectins. The 17 kDa protein was expressed recombinantly in E. coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Glycan microarray analysis with fluorescently labeled recombinant SL2-1 demonstrated its ability to bind to core α1-6 fucosylated N-glycans, but not to core α1-3 fucosylated N-glycans, or other α1-2, α1-3 and α1-4 fucosylated oligosaccharides. The minimal high affinity binding epitope of SL2-1 was α1-6 fucosylated di-n-acetylchitobiose. The recombinant lectin was efficient in detection of N-glycan core fucosylation using lectin blotting and lectin ELISA assays. Finally, a workflow using SL2-1 for selective and quantitative profiling of core fucosylated N-glycans using UPLC-HILIC-FLR analysis was established. The approach was validated for selective capture and analysis of core fucosylated N-glycans present in complex glycan mixtures derived from mammalian serum IgG.
Radio Spectrum Measurements of Individual Microwave Ovens (1994)

This report provides results of radio spectrum measurements of 13 individual microwave ovens performed at the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS). Measurements include emission characteristics and time waveforms covering the frequency range 2300-2600 MHz, oven emission characteristics of harmonic frequency ranges up to the 7th harmonic. Test parameters were varied to identify their impact on test results. These parameter variations include such factors as cooking load, start temperature, oven orientation, and receiver bandwidth. Test procedures of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR), and additional procedures developed by NTIA and ITS are also discussed. Report is in two volumes.
Disulfiram Reactivates Latent HIV-1 in a Bcl-2-Transduced Primary CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cell Model without Inducing Global T Cell Activation (2011)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can reduce plasma HIV-1 levels to below the detection limit. However, due to the latent reservoir in resting CD4(+) cells, HAART is not curative. Elimination of this reservoir is critical to curing HIV-1 infection. Agents that reactivate latent HIV-1 through nonspecific T cell activation are toxic. Here we demonstrate in a primary CD4(+) T cell model that the FDA-approved drug disulfiram reactivates latent HIV-1 without global T cell activation. The extent to which disulfiram reactivates latent HIV-1 in patient cells is unclear, but the drug alone or in combination may be useful in future eradication strategies.
Characterization of multi-mode fibers and devices for MIMO communications (2013)

Space-division multiplexing (SDM) systems transmit over multiple spatial-paths to increase capacity or photon efficiency. In these links, coupling between the spatial paths scramble each input signal across all the output channels. This scrambling is described by a N × M frequency dependent transfer matrix which can be undone using multiple-input multiple-output processing. Using a swept-wavelength interferometer with spatial diversity, we can completely characterize the amplitude and phase transmission between each input and output across the entire C-band in a single 100-ms scan. Matrix eigenanalysis of the transfer matrix enables extraction of the system's insertion loss, mode-dependent loss, and the principle-states of polarization. Results will include transfer matrix measurements of few-mode fibers, coupled-core fibers, photonic lantern spatial-multiplexers, and SDM compatible wavelength routing components such as a wavelength selective switch.