gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Wnt pathway regulator DKK1 is preferentially expressed in hormone-resistant breast tumours and in some common cancer types (2007)

In addition to new tumour antigens, new prognostic and diagnostic markers are needed for common cancers. In this study, we report the expression of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) in multiple common cancers. This constitutes a comprehensive analysis of the DKK1 expression profile. Dickkopf-1 expression was evaluated by classical and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay for protein determination, in cancer lines and clinical specimens of several cancer origins. For breast cancer, expression was correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Dickkopf-1 expression was confirmed in several cancer cell lines derived from breast and other common cancers. Dickkopf-1 protein secretion was documented in breast, prostate and lung cancer lines, but was negligible in melanoma. Analysis of DKK1 expression in human cancer specimens revealed DKK1 expression in breast (21 out of 73), lung (11 out of 23) and kidney cancers (six out of 20). Interestingly, DKK1 was preferentially expressed in oestrogen and progesterone receptor-negative tumours (ER(-)/PR(-); P=0.005) and in tumours from women with a family history of breast cancer (P=0.024). Importantly, DKK1 protein production was confirmed in multiple breast cancer specimens that were positive by RT-PCR. This work establishes DKK1 as a potential prognostic and diagnostic marker for cohorts of breast cancer patients with poor prognosis. Dickkopf-1 may also become a relevant candidate target for immunotherapy of different cancers.
Stabilization of water‐in‐oil emulsions by submicrocrystalline α‐form fat particles (1998)

Abstract The results presented in this study confirm previous knowledge and stress the need for both hydrophobic emulsifiers and submicronial fat particles to stabilize water‐in‐vegetable oil emulsions. It was demonstrated that polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) is superior to glycerol monooleate and/or lecithin, but is incapable of stabilizing these fluid emulsions for sufficient storage periods. Fluid emulsions, unlike margarine, exhibit high droplet mobility and are susceptible to flocculation and coalescence. It was also demonstrated that submicronial α‐form crystals of hydrogenated fat can be obtained in the oil phase by the flash‐cooling process. The crystals are homogeneously almost mono‐dispersed and exhibit insufficient stability against flocculation and phase separation. The use of an emulsifier (PGPR) in the fat crystallization process was very helpful in decreasing the aggregation and flocculation processes. The α‐form (mixed with β′‐form) submicronial crystals can stabilize water‐in‐oil emulsions only in the presence of food emulsifiers, provided the concentration of tristearin is limited to 1.0–2.0 wt% (to prevent phase separation and high viscosity) and the PGPR is added at sufficient concentrations (PGPR/tristearin ratio of 2.0 or more). Ideally stable (for over 6–8 wk) fluid emulsions can be formed in systems composed of fat submicrocrystalline hydrophilic particles and food‐grade emulsifiers. These water‐in‐oil emulsions can serve as the basic preparation for any food‐grade water‐in‐oil‐in‐water double emulsion.
Treatment of Anaphylaxis in Adults: A Questionnaire Survey (2008)

Objective: To identify the medications that medical students, interns and casualty medical officers are likely to prescribe when treating an adult patient with anaphylaxis, and to ascertain the dose and route of administration of adrenaline they would use. Design: A questionnaire study survey. Setting: Kasturba medical college hospital, Manipal (Udupi District) and public health centers of Udupi district, Karnataka. Subjects: Data collected from 39 second year medical students, 35 interns and 35 casualty medical officers. Main outcome measure: To determine the percentage of use of adrenaline for the treatment of anaphylaxis in the correct dose, strength and route. Results: Majority (73 .3%) of participants correctly opted to use adrenaline. Only 9 participants have written the correct dose, route and concentration of adrenaline. 41.28% and 66.05% participants preferred to use antihistamines and corticosteroids respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that confusion exists regarding the correct route of administration and dose of adrenaline to be used when treating anaphylaxis. This confusion applied to medical students, interns and medical officers. Therefore doctors must be made aware of the guidelines to treat anaphylaxis effectively.
Automated interpretation of disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility tests with the radial profile analysis algorithm (1993)

An original algorithm referred to as the radial profile analysis algorithm was implemented on a Macintosh Quadra 700 computer to provide an automatic determination of the inhibition zone diameters of antibiotic susceptibility tests performed with the disk diffusion method. After digitization of the petri plate image, each antibiotic disk is recognized and labeled. Pixels of the local zone around each disk are then used for generating a profile pattern that is subjected to decision rules. The resulting estimate of the inhibition zone diameter is then automatically compared with conventional breakpoints for classifying the tested strain in one of the clinical categories of antibiotic susceptibility. The program is also able to request a human reading for some rare plates difficult to interpret. The algorithm accuracy was tested by comparing the results with a combination of independent human measurements performed on the tested plates. The test sample was composed of 98 strains, and 2,552 tests of 40 distinct antibiotics were subjected to the analysis. The difference between the automatic and human diameter estimates was less than 4 mm in 90% of the tests. The agreement between the automatic and human clinical categorizations amounted to 95.5%, and severe (major and very major) disagreements were found in 5.6% of the tests performed with staphylococci but only 0.3% of the tests with gram-negative rods. We conclude that the radial profile analysis algorithm is a solid backbone for an automatic system dedicated to the clinical interpretation of disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility tests.
Functional roles of immature dendritic cells in impaired immunity of solid tumour and their targeted strategies for provoking tumour immunity (2006)

Dendritic cells play a crucial role in initiating tumour immunity as well as in the immune response for invading foreign pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. For bacterial and viral infections, the immature dendritic cells (iDCs) residing in peripheral tissues are efficiently activated and matured by pathogen signals for performing the immune response. In contrast, for self-antigens, the naive T cells are not activated by iDCs but proceed to anergy/deletion, and the generation of regulatory T cells for immune tolerance. The induction of immune response and tolerance is regulated strictly by iDCs as the sensor for homeostasis of immune response in the host. Despite the identification of some tumour antigens, tumour immunity is not provoked successfully. Even though there are some critical obstacles to inhibit effective tumour immunity, tumour cells are able to exploit the functional roles of iDCs for tumour progression, which are induced by tumour-derived soluble factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and functionally modulated in the microenvironment. The iDCs still remain as the critical target for provoking tumour immunity. In this review, the functional roles of tumour-associated iDCs and the strategy for targeting iDCs in effective tumour immunity for the cancer patient are discussed.
Human cytomegalovirus matrix protein PP150 is efficiently presented as one of target antigens for cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition. (1997)

PP150 exogenously introduced with the virus infection could be efficiently presented prior to viral DNA replication and PP150 is one of the major target antigens for CTL recognition.
An Integrated Current Flattening Module for Embedded Cryptosystems (2005)

In embedded cryptosystems, the variation of current or power consumption might be the point of attack on confidentiality because of the dependency of power consumption on the data and algorithms. This paper presents a real-time current flattening module that controls dynamically the power consumption of a cryptosystem. The module together with specialized cryptographic hardware can be integrated on the same chip. In this way, the output current of the cryptographic system has little discernable information for a side-channel attack. The real-time current flattening module is designed in this paper using 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology and operates at 1.8 V power supply.
Using augmented reality and automatic speech recognition techniques to help deaf and hard of hearing people (2012)

Recently, many researches show Augmented Reality (AR) and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) can help people with disabilities. In this paper we implement an innovative system for helping deaf people by combining AR, ASR, and AVSR technologies. This system can instantly take narrator's speech and converts it into readable text and shows it directly on AR display. We show that our system's accuracy becomes over 85 percent on average, by using different ASR engines near using an AVSR engine in different noisy environments. We also show in a survey that more than 90 percent of deaf people on average need such system as assistant in portable devices, near using only text or only sign-language for communications.
Regulation of rat mineralocorticoid receptor expression in neurons by progesterone (1995)

We have studied the effects of progesterone on the transcription of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene in neurons in vitro and in vivo. Progesterone treatment caused a 2.5-fold increase in activity of the MR promoter in transiently transfected N2A neuroblastoma cells. Similarly, MR promoter activity in GH3 pituitary cells was increased 2-fold after treatment with the specific progesterone receptor agonist R5020, with an even greater induction after priming with 17 beta-estradiol. Progesterone treatment also produced a dose-dependent increase in MR messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in primary hippocampal neuron cultures. In vivo, chronic administration of progesterone to estrogen-primed adrenalectomized/ovariectomized rats significantly increased MR mRNA levels in all hippocampal subfields, as determined by semiquantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry. Whereas chronic estradiol treatment decreased MR mRNA levels in the hippocampus, progesterone administration in the absence of estradiol priming was without any effect. These results indicate that 1) progesterone increases MR mRNA levels in vitro and in vivo; 2) the stimulatory effects of progesterone are at least partially mediated by induction of MR promoter activity; and 3) estrogen priming is essential for the effect of progesterone upon MR mRNA in vivo. Further, they suggest the possibility of heterologous regulation of corticosteroid receptors in the brain, whereby the responsiveness of the limbic-hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system to corticosteroids may be modulated.
Multiparameter analysis of transplantable hemopoietic stem cells: I. The separation and enrichment of stem cells homing to marrow and spleen on the basis of rhodamine-123 fluorescence. (1985)

A multiparameter cell separative procedure is described that enables normal transplantable hemopoietic stem cells that preferentially home to the marrow of lethally irradiated mice to be enriched and separated from the majority of spleen colony-forming cells that are assayed 13 days after transplantation (CFU-S13). First, bone marrow cells are centrifuged in a discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient. Low-density cells (1.060-1.068 g/cm3) are harvested and labeled with the supravital cationic fluorochrome rhodamine 123 (Rh123). Labeled cells are analyzed using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, and cells are sorted on the basis of relative Rh123 fluorescence within a predetermined forward versus 90 degrees red light scatter window that has been optimized for the recovery and enrichment of cells with marrow repopulating ability (MRA). Cells with MRA were characterized by relatively low Rh123 fluorescence and could be separated from a fraction that fluoresced more intensely and contained the majority of CFU-S13 but low MRA. The ratios of low-fluorescent:high-fluorescent MRA and CFU-S13 were 20:1 and 0.5:1, respectively, and the resultant ratio of MRA:CFU-S13 was 556:1 in the low-fluorescent fraction, and 48:1 in the high-fluorescent fraction. Cells with platelet repopulating ability cofractionate with MRA whereas cells with erythroid repopulating ability remain associated with CFU-S13. High-proliferative-potential macrophage colony-forming cells that form colonies in agar in the presence of the combined stimulus of pregnant mouse uterus extract plus human-spleen-conditioned medium were present in both fractions. Between 20% and 30% of transplantable hemopoietic stem cells has been recovered in approximately 1% of total nucleated cells from the starting preparation, and enrichments of 25- to 30-fold have been achieved permitting hemopoietic reconstitution of lethally irradiated host mice with as few as 400 donor cells.
Studies on heterocyclic compounds. XXXII. Synthesis of 8-substituted theophyllines from 6-amino-5-benzylideneamino-1,3-dimethyluracils with nickel peroxide. (1980)

Oxidation of 6-amino-5-benzylideneamino-1, 3-dimethyluracils (Ia-e) with nickel peroxide (Ni-PO) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) afforded 8-substituted theophyllines (IIa-e) and dimethylsulfone. Ni-PO oxidation of the Schiff base acetate (V) of 5, 6-diamino-1, 3-dimethyluracil with D-glucose did not give a nucleoside analog ; in stead, 1, 3, 7, 9-tetramethyl-2, 4, 6, 8-(1H, 3H, 7H, 9H)pyrimido[5, 4-g]pteridinetetrone (VI) and penta-O-acetylgluconic acid were obtained. The reaction mechanisms of Ni-PO and the Schiff bases (Ia-e, V) are discussed.
Comparative studies on the secondary structure of ovalbumin messenger RNA and its complementary DNA transcript (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparative studies on the secondary structure of ovalbumin messenger RNA and its complementary DNA transcript Nguyen Thuong Van, John J. Monahan, Savio L. C. Woo, Anthony R. Means, and Bert W. O'MalleyCite this: Biochemistry 1977, 16, 18, 4090–4100Publication Date (Print):September 6, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 6 September 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00637a024https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00637a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views34Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robust Symbol-Level Precoding Via Autoencoder-Based Deep Learning (2020)

This paper proposes an autoencoder-based symbol-level precoding (SLP) scheme for a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system operating in a limited-scattering environment. By recognizing that only imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available in practice, the goal of the proposed approach is to design the down-link SLP system robust to such imperfect CSI. Toward this goal, this paper leverages the concept of autoencoder wherein the end-to-end communications system is modeled by a deep neural network. By end-to-end training the proposed autoencoder, this paper shows that the downlink symbol-level precoder as well as the receivers' decision rule can be jointly designed in ways that are robust to channel uncertainty. Moreover, this paper introduces a novel two-step training procedure to design a robust precoding scheme for conventional modulations such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and phase shift keying (PSK). Numerical results indicate that the proposed autoencoder-based framework, either trained by the end-to-end approach in which the receive constellation is a design variable or by the proposed two-step training approach with QAM constellation, can efficiently design a SLP scheme for massive MIMO system which is robust to channel uncertainty.
Oriented Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Membrane with Sharp H<sub>2</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> Molecular Sieve Separation (2011)

A highly oriented zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) composite membrane was prepared by seeding and secondary growth. By dip-coating, preformed ZIF-8 nanocrystals were attached to the surface of a porous α-alumina support using polyethyleneimine as the coupling agent. After solvothermal treatment, a continuous and well-intergrown ZIF-8 layer was obtained. X-ray diffraction analysis of the membrane showed preferred orientation of the {100} plane parallel to the support. Further time-dependent investigations by scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction indicated that the preferred orientation develops during an evolutionary growth process. In gas mixture permeation experiments, the membrane showed good performance in H2/hydrocarbon separation. A sharp molecular sieve separation is observed for an equimolar H2/C3H8 mixture with a separation factor above 300.
Syntheses of actinomycin and analogs. III. Total synthesis of actinomycin D (C1) via peptide cyclization between proline and sarcosine (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of actinomycin and analogs. III. Total synthesis of actinomycin D (C1) via peptide cyclization between proline and sarcosineJohannes MeienhoferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 12, 3771–3777Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00715a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00715a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views428Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recent Advances in Organic Metals (1985)

Abstract Recent advances in the synthesis of octathioquinodimethan (OTQ) culminating in the preparation of a perthiomethylated terephthalate, a methylated precursor of OTQ are presented.
Studies on Chitin VI. The Nature of ?- and ?-Chitins (1965)

Enzymic digestion, acidic hydrolysis, deuterium exchange, infrared absorption spectra, and differential thermal analysis of chitins show that not only do the structures of
Purified Hexameric Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Protein for Measuring Anti-BARF1 Antibody Responses in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients (2010)

WHO type III nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is highly prevalent in Indonesia and 100% associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). NPC tumor cells express viral proteins, including BARF1, which is secreted and is considered to have oncogenic and immune-modulating properties. Recently, we found conserved mutations in the BARF1 gene in NPC isolates. This study describes the expression and purification of NPC-derived BARF1 and analyzes humoral immune responses against prototype BARF1 (B95-8) and purified native hexameric BARF1 in sera of Indonesian NPC patients (n = 155) compared to healthy EBV-positive (n = 56) and EBV-negative (n = 16) individuals. BARF1 (B95-8) expressed in Escherichia coli and baculovirus, as well as BARF1-derived peptides, did not react with IgG or IgA antibodies in NPC. Purified native hexameric BARF1 protein isolated from culture medium was used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and revealed relatively weak IgG and IgA responses in human sera, although it had strong antibody responses to other EBV proteins. Higher IgG reactivity was found in NPC patients (P = 0.015) than in regional Indonesian controls or EBV-negative individuals (P < 0.001). IgA responses to native BARF1 were marginal. NPC sera with the highest IgG responses to hexameric BARF1 in ELISA showed detectable reactivity with denatured BARF1 by immunoblotting. In conclusion, BARF1 has low immunogenicity for humoral responses and requires native conformation for antibody binding. The presence of antibodies against native BARF1 in the blood of NPC patients provides evidence that the protein is expressed and secreted as a hexameric protein in NPC patients.
Non-Phenoxy Herbicides for Perennial Broadleaf Weed Control in Cool-Season Turf (1990)

Field experiments were conducted to compare non-phenoxy herbicides with 2,4-D for broadleaf plantain, dandelion, and white clover control in cool-season turf. Herbicides tested were BAS 514, chlorflurenol, clopyralid, dicamba, triclopyr, and 2,4-D, alone and in combinations. Broadleaf plantain was controlled by 2,4-D and by clopyralid plus triclopyr at 0.21 plus 0.63 kg ae ha -1 . Dandelion was controlled by 2,4-D, BAS 514 at 0.84 kg ha -1 , and by the combination of clopyralid plus triclopyr at 0.16 plus 0.47 kg ha -1 . Chlorflurenol, clopyralid, dicamba, or triclopyr did not control dandelion. White clover was controlled by all herbicides except 2,4-D. The combination of clopyralid plus triclopyr was the only non-phenoxy treatment which controlled broadleaf plantain, dandelion, and white clover.