gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuro-fuzzy based approach to event driven software testing: A new opportunity (2016)

Event Driven Software (EDS) testing is a very challenging task as a large number of events can be invoked by users. So far it is difficult to test all the user inputs invoked, therefore, test case prioritization is essentially required for giving more priority to test cases which reveal higher faults comparatively. We have proposed test case prioritization for EDS: as the Event Type, Interaction of Event, and Coverage of Event. Priority assigned in the proposed model uses these factors in Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) MATLAB Toolbox based on Neuro-Fuzzy logic model. Evaluation and validation will be done using Average Percentage of Fault Detection (APFD). APFD rate for prioritized sequence using the proposed Neuro-Fuzzy logic model exhibited 81% rate, whereas, non-prioritized test sequences showed70% suggesting, thereby, that after prioritization; rate of fault detection has improved considerably. Data shows that proposed Neuro-Fuzzy logic model is apt for Test Case Prioritization of EDS Testing.
The British Empire in East Asia in 1914 (2002)

In 1914 Britain’s colonies and interests in East and South-East Asia constituted a vital part of its global portfolio. From the beginning of the nineteenth century its commercial and financial interests had spread throughout the region. In China its substantial economic stake meant that Britain was the dominant foreign presence, with the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank as the most important foreign financial institution and with major investments in railway construction and shipping. Moreover, Britain’s presence was territorial as well as commercial; it possessed the colony of Hong Kong and, although its nationals shared the International Settlement at Shanghai with those from other countries, they held virtually complete sway over the Shanghai Municipal Council. In South-East Asia Britain’s interests were concentrated in the Malayan peninsula. Here it directly governed the Straits Settlements, consisting of Singapore, Malacca and Penang, and indirectly ruled over the Federated Malay States (FMS) of Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Negri Sembilan, and the Unfederated Malay States of Johore, Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, and Trengganu. In addition, it had de facto control over northern Borneo consisting of Sarawak, Brunei and the territory controlled by the North Borneo Chartered Company.
Intoxication with Over-the-Counter Antitussive Medication Containing Dihydrocodeine and Chlorpheniramine Causes Generalized Convulsion and Mixed Acidosis (2008)

We report a 35-year-old man who was referred to our hospital with generalized convulsion and mixed acidosis presumably caused by abuse of SS-BRON tablets, an over-the-counter (OTC) antitussive medication sold in Japan. These tablets contain dihydrocodeine phosphate, methylephedrine, chlorpheniramine, and caffeine. Although it is difficult to discern which component caused these symptoms, it seems that dihydrocodeine phosphate or methylephedrine was involved in the addiction to SS-BRON and chlorpheniramine may have caused the generalized convulsion. It should be recognized that an OTC antitussive, which is quite easy to obtain, can be abused and subsequently induce serious intoxication.
Research on thermal characteristics and on-chip temperature-controlling for silicon micro-gyroscope (2011)

This paper presents a novel gyroscope prototype with on-chip heater and temperature sensor to keep gyroscope uninfluenced by environmental temperature. It firstly introduced the gyroscope's working principle and deduced its temperature dependence to get performances' temperature sensitivity. It turns out capacitive sensitivity has a variation of 13.5 % when gyroscope's working temperature has a change of 50 K. Then the gyroscope prototype with on-chip temperature-controlling was given and its performances were analyzed theoretically and numerically. Besides, fabrication process was designed based on Silicon-On-Glass (SOG) technology. Simulation results indicate that, to keep gyroscope's temperature at 60°C with a temperature difference between center mass and anchor below 1.6°C, the power consumption increases from 0.011 W to 0.213 W when environmental temperature decreases from 55°C to -40°C. When environmental temperature is 20°C and consumption power is 0.0884 W, gyroscope can reach its equilibrium state of 60°C from 20°C within 20s. Stress intensities inside gyroscope are less than the ultimate tensile or compressive strength of each material. It theoretically proves that the prototype meets the three demands of low power consumption, even temperature distribution and quick thermal response. Hopefully, the prototype can be manufactured and tested in the future.
Thrombin and histamine induce stiffening of alveolar epithelial cells (2004)

The mechanical properties of alveolar epithelial cells play a central role in maintaining the physical integrity of the alveolar epithelium. We studied the viscoelastic properties of alveolar epithelial cells (A549) in response to thrombin and histamine with optical magnetic twisting cytometry. Ferrimagnetic beads coated with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-peptide or acetylated low-density lipoprotein were bound to cell surface receptors and subsequently twisted in an oscillatory magnetic field (0.1-100 Hz). The cell storage (G') and loss (G'') moduli were computed from twisting torque and bead displacement. In measurements with RGD-coated beads, thrombin (0.5 U/ml) induced a rapid and sustained threefold increase in G' and G'' at approximately 100 s after challenge. Histamine (100 microM) induced a rapid but transient twofold increase in G' and G'' with maximum values 60 s after challenge. Posttreatment with cytochalasin D abolished thrombin-induced cell stiffening. G' increased with frequency following a power law with exponent 0.214. G'' increased proportionally to G' up to 10 Hz but showed a steeper rise at higher frequencies. Thrombin caused a fall in the power-law exponent (0.164). In measurements with acetylated low-density lipoprotein-coated beads, minor changes (<20%) were observed in G' and G'' after the addition of thrombin and histamine. F-actin staining revealed that thrombin and histamine induced a profound reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the cell periphery and formation of actin bundles. In the mechanically dynamic environment of the lung, cell stiffening induced by thrombin and histamine increases centripetal tension, which could contribute to alveolar barrier dysfunction.
The impact of consortia on database licensing (2000)

A travers l'exemple de SOLINET (Southeastern Library network), l'auteur evoque les relations souvent conflictuelles entre bibliotheques, consortiums et editeurs, notamment pour la negociation des droits de licence des bases de donnees. Une cooperation plus etroite semble pourtant la solution pour que chacun remplisse au mieux son objectif.
Allopurinol: Alteration in Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man (1970)

In addition to its well-established inhibitory effect on uric acid synthesis, allopurinol appears to alter substantially pyrimidine metabolism, as evidenced by a striking increase in the urinary excretion of orotidine and orotic acid. Allopurinol ribonucleotide and xanthosine 5'-monophosphate are potent inhibitors of human erythrocyte orotidylic decarboxylase and provide a possible mechanism for this effect.
Dynamic Numerical Analysis of the “Foot – Training Shoe“Model (2015)

Abstract This paper focus on the three - dimensional dynamic research of the”foot - shoe“system. Based on the analysis on the physiology of human foot, the dynamic explicit Finite Element model of the foot and two kinds of training shoes’ sole are established by ANSA, ANSYS, DYNA and other software. Firstly the stress transfer process of falling foot is numerically simulated. Secondly the effective stresses of the foot by the new-fashioned and old-fashioned shoe are compared. Then the load characteristics of the”foot - shoe“model is studied through the acceleration, the energy, etc. Finally the research conclusion and the suggestion are summarized, which prove that the sole with the multilayer structure, anti-torsion bridge design and optimum material selection is very important for absorbing the shock and protecting the human arch, the ankle, etc., which can reduce the stress peak value of about 80%.
Co-occurrence flow for pedestrian detection (2011)

The last few years have seen considerable progress in pedestrian detection. Recent work has established a combination of oriented gradients and optic flow as effective features although the detection rates are still unsatisfactory for practical use. This paper introduces a new type of motion feature, the co-occurrence flow (CoF). The advance is to capture relative movements of different parts of the entire body, unlike existing motion features which extract internal motion in a local fashion. Through evaluations on the TUD-Brussels pedestrian dataset, we show that our motion feature based on co-occurrence flow contributes to boost the performance of existing methods.
Applanation tonometry and correction according to corneal thickness (1998)

Corneal thickness does, in fact, influence the results of applanation tonometry to a clinically relevant degree.
Power Rectifiers and Transistors (1952)

The behavior of donor, acceptor, and ohmic contacts prepared by fusing impurity metals to germanium is discussed. Power rectifiers having rectification ratios as high as 107 can be made by fusing donor and acceptor contacts to opposite surfaces of a germanium wafer. An analysis of their electrical characteristics is presented which agrees well with the measured performance. The properties of transistors prepared in a similar manner and which are capable of 100 watts of output power are described.
ACCURATE CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEIN STRUCTURAL FAMILIES USING COHERENT SUBGRAPH ANALYSIS (2003)

Protein structural annotation and classification is an important problem in bioinformatics. We report on the development of an efficient subgraph mining technique and its application to finding characteristic substructural patterns within protein structural families. In our method, protein structures are represented by graphs where the nodes are residues and the edges connect residues found within certain distance from each other. Application of subgraph mining to proteins is challenging for a number reasons: (1) protein graphs are large and complex, (2) current protein databases are large and continue to grow rapidly, and (3) only a small fraction of the frequent subgraphs among the huge pool of all possible subgraphs could be significant in the context of protein classification. To address these challenges, we have developed an information theoretic model called coherent subgraph mining. From information theory, the entropy of a random variable X measures the information content carried by X and the Mutual Information (MI) between two random variables X and Y measures the correlation between X and Y. We define a subgraph X as coherent if it is strongly correlated with every sufficiently large sub-subgraph Y embedded in it. Based on the MI metric, we have designed a search scheme that only reports coherent subgraphs. To determine the significance of coherent protein subgraphs, we have conducted an experimental study in which all coherent subgraphs were identified in several protein structural families annotated in the SCOP database (Murzin et al, 1995). The Support Vector Machine algorithm was used to classify proteins from different families under the binary classification scheme. We find that this approach identifies spatial motifs unique to individual SCOP families and affords excellent discrimination between families.
Themis: Fair and Efficient GPU Cluster Scheduling (2019)

Modern distributed machine learning (ML) training workloads benefit significantly from leveraging GPUs. However, significant contention ensues when multiple such workloads are run atop a shared cluster of GPUs. A key question is how to fairly apportion GPUs across workloads. We find that established cluster scheduling disciplines are a poor fit because of ML workloads' unique attributes: ML jobs have long-running tasks that need to be gang-scheduled, and their performance is sensitive to tasks' relative placement. We propose Themis, a new scheduling framework for ML training workloads. It's GPU allocation policy enforces that ML workloads complete in a finish-time fair manner, a new notion we introduce. To capture placement sensitivity and ensure efficiency, Themis uses a two-level scheduling architecture where ML workloads bid on available resources that are offered in an auction run by a central arbiter. Our auction design allocates GPUs to winning bids by trading off efficiency for fairness in the short term but ensuring finish-time fairness in the long term. Our evaluation on a production trace shows that Themis can improve fairness by more than 2.25X and is ~5% to 250% more cluster efficient in comparison to state-of-the-art schedulers.
A new Hybrid Coding Technique for Videoconference Applications at 2 Mbit/s (1986)

A new hybrid coding technique is introduced which is based on the Discrete Cosine Transform, interframe DPCM, conditional replenishment, detection of significant subareas in the transform domain, adaptive quantization, adaptive Huffman coding and postbuffer control. This coder concept is the result of a comparison of several coding methods including uniform/nonuniform quantization, constant/variable word length coding and prebuffer/post-buffer control schemes. An important feature of the presented coder is the selection of transform coefficients within each block which are grouped in subareas for adaptive entropy coding. The components of the coder are described and its excellent performance is demonstrated by means of SNR-measurements and a typical videoconference sequence.
Validation of a one-dimensional model of the systemic arterial tree (2009)

A distributed model of the human arterial tree including all main systemic arteries coupled to a heart model is developed. The one-dimensional (1-D) form of the momentum and continuity equations is solved numerically to obtain pressures and flows throughout the systemic arterial tree. Intimal shear is modeled using the Witzig-Womersley theory. A nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive law for the arterial wall is considered. The left ventricle is modeled using the varying elastance model. Distal vessels are terminated with three-element windkessels. Coronaries are modeled assuming a systolic flow impediment proportional to ventricular varying elastance. Arterial dimensions were taken from previous 1-D models and were extended to include a detailed description of cerebral vasculature. Elastic properties were taken from the literature. To validate model predictions, noninvasive measurements of pressure and flow were performed in young volunteers. Flow in large arteries was measured with MRI, cerebral flow with ultrasound Doppler, and pressure with tonometry. The resulting 1-D model is the most complete, because it encompasses all major segments of the arterial tree, accounts for ventricular-vascular interaction, and includes an improved description of shear stress and wall viscoelasticity. Model predictions at different arterial locations compared well with measured flow and pressure waves at the same anatomical points, reflecting the agreement in the general characteristics of the “generic 1-D model” and the “average subject” of our volunteer population. The study constitutes a first validation of the complete 1-D model using human pressure and flow data and supports the applicability of the 1-D model in the human circulation.
Fiber architecture in remodeled myocardium revealed with a quantitative diffusion CMR tractography framework and histological validation (2012)

A significant reorganization of the 3D fiber continuum is observed in the remote zone of remodeled hearts. The positive (rightward) shift in HA in the remote zone is greatest in the subepicardium, but involves all layers of the myocardium. Tractography-based quantification, performed here for the first time in remodeled hearts, may provide a framework for assessing regional changes in the left ventricle following infarction.
CIS—TRANS ISOMERIZATION BY BROMINE ATOMS (1937)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCIS—TRANS ISOMERIZATION BY BROMINE ATOMSM. S. Kharasch, J. V. Mansfield, and F. R. MayoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1937, 59, 6, 1155Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1937https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01285a509https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01285a509research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Collection efficiency of low-mobility solar cells (1981)

An equation for the collection efficiency (i.e., internal quantum efficiency) is derived that can be used for Schottky barrier, metal-insulator- semiconductor, or semiconductor-electrolyte junction solar cells. It is obtained from an exact solution of the transport equation in the space-charge region and includes the effects of photogenerated majority carriers. It is shown that these carriers can diffuse to the interface and thereby oppose the minority-carrier photocurrent by recombination or emission. This effect is shown to be quite significant in reducing the collection efficiency when the majority-carrier mobility is low and at short wavelengths where the absorption coefficient becomes large.
A Phenomenological Study of Patient Expectations Concerning Nursing Care (2005)

This phenomenological study explored the expectations patients have of nursing care, specifically spiritual care, using the framework of humanistic nursing. Four themes emerged: (1) the definition of "good" and "bad" nursing, (2) surveillance and competence, (3) spiritual care expectations, and (4) the concept of time.
Changes in Aroma Profile of Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinus edodes) during Different Stages of Hot Air Drying (2020)

To clarify the changes in the aroma characteristics of shiitake mushrooms (<i>Lentinus edodes</i>) during hot-air drying, volatile compounds of <i>L. edodes</i> were analyzed using sensory evaluation, electronic nose, and purge and trap combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PT-GC-MS) at different timepoints of the drying process. Results showed that the sensory and volatile profile changed significantly during the drying process at 60 °C for up to 12 h and the drying process could be divided into three stages: early stage (<2 h), middle stage (2-3.5 h) and late stage (>3.5 h). Volatile compounds in fresh <i>L. edodes</i> consisted mainly of ketones and alcohols. The early stage of drying decreased the concentration of ketone and alcohol compounds and promoted the generation of cyclic organosulfur compounds through a series of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions, which mainly contribute to the characteristic odor of shiitake mushroom. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the volatile compounds released after different drying times could be divided into four groups, which have been confirmed by sensory evaluation results. The results suggested that the unique flavor of dried mushrooms is mainly due to the activation of enzymes during the drying process, which act on lentinic acid to produce sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds. We believe that our study makes a potential contribution to the mushroom cultivation and processing industry to achieve an improvement in sensory quality.
A machine learning based approach for identifying traumatic brain injury patients for whom a head CT scan can be avoided (2016)

Head CT scan is more often used to evaluate patients with suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the use of head CT scans in evaluating TBI is costly with low value endeavor. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm and a set of features to help clinicians determine which patients evaluated for TBI need a head CT scan using cost sensitive random forest (CSRF) classifier. We show that random forest (RF) and CSRF are useful methods for identifying patients likely to have a positive head CT scan. The proposed algorithm has superior diagnostic accuracy in comparison to the Canadian head CT algorithm, which is currently the most accurate and widely used algorithm for determining which TBI patients need a head CT scan. In the highest sensitivity (i.e. 100%), our method outperforms the Canadian rule in terms of specificity, accuracy and area under ROC curve using cost sensitive classifier. Clinical implementation of this algorithm can help decrease financial costs associated with Emergency Department evaluations for traumatic brain injury, while decreasing patient exposure to avoidable ionizing radiation.
Effect of reconstruction and filtering on kinetic parameter estimation bias and reliability for dynamic SPECT: a simulation study (2005)

Dynamic SPECT has the potential to provide absolute physiological parameter estimates. However, the low sensitivity of SPECT typically results in very noisy dynamic SPECT data. Filtering can reduce the noise, but at the expense of degrading the already poor resolution further. The effect of reconstruction parameters, post-reconstruction filtering and resolution recovery on kinetic parameter estimation bias and reliability was systematically investigated. Dynamic projection data were generated using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of a mathematical brain phantom at 10 different levels of Poisson noise. The projection data were reconstructed with OSEM with varying numbers of iterations and subsets and were filtered with three-dimensional (3-D) Gaussian filters with varying FWHM. Bias and reliability of the main parameters of interest (K/sub 1/,V/sub d/, and binding potential) for thalamus, cerebellum, and frontal cortex were estimated for the three-compartment model fits to the tissue time-activity curves derived from the reconstructed data. Reliability (standard deviation) of parameter estimates was obtained with the Bootstrap MC technique, which showed good agreement with conventional MC in a subset of data sets, but required only a small fraction of conventional MC computation time. Post-reconstruction filtering increased bias, without improving the reliability of parameter estimates and, hence, no post-reconstruction filtering is recommended. For reconstructions without resolution recovery, an effective number of 40 iterations overall provided the best tradeoff between bias and reliability for the range of noise levels studied. Resolution recovery achieved a modest reduction in bias.