gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional, phase separated, BaTiO<sub>3</sub>+CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>cap buffer layers for improved flux-pinning in YBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7−δ</sub>based coated conductors (2009)

Phase separated, epitaxial, nanostructured film comprised of BaTiO3 (BTO) and CoFe2O4 (CFO) composite has been developed as a potential multifunctional cap buffer layer for improved flux-pinning in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) films. All films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO3 (STO) (100) single crystal substrates. The CFO fraction and growth temperature were identified as key factors for determining the areal number density and mean diameter of the CFO nanocolumns. Compared to the reference sample grown on a pure BTO cap layer, the YBCO films grown on BTO+CFO cap layers show a remarkable improvement in isotropic flux-pinning and, consequently, Jc over the entire field and angle ranges. Transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the presence of a very defective YBCO layer containing a high density of randomly distributed defects at the interface area, induced by nanostructural modulation on the surface of the BTO+CFO composite cap layer.
Human herpesvirus 6 infection. (1997)

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was identified in 1986 and roseola infantum was the first disease linked to HHV-6. To date, a large variety of clinical syndromes have been associated with HHV-6. Age of the patient is the most important factor when considering HHV-6 as a possible cause of infection. It is a major pathogen for children aged 6 to 24 months. In addition, HHV-6 is an important pathogen in the immunocompromised host and may cause ailments of the central nervous system. These later two conditions are most likely to be benefited from the application of anti-viral drug when it becomes available. HHV-6 is an example that virus hides within the immunologic cells and displays a complex interaction with the host cells. The discovery of HHV-6 offers a lesson for clinicians to anticipate new viruses deriving from unexpected sites within the human body; furthermore, HHV-6 provides a model for studying the clinical role of a new herpesvirus.
A Short Peptide GPIGS Promotes Proliferation of Hair Bulb Keratinocytes and Accelerates Hair Regrowth in Mice (2005)

The aim of this study was to discover a novel agent that promotes hair growth. We carried out a screening test in 298 types of conditioned medium (CM) from cultures of bacteria by using a hair bulb keratinocyte (HBK) growth assay. As a result, we found a HBK growth factor in the CM of Bacillus sp. M18. This HBK growth factor was purified by collecting biologically active fractions in three steps, including HP-20 batch processing, LH-20 chromatography and C18 reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, and identified as a short peptide GPIGS. GPIGS increased Akt phosphorylation in HBKs. Moreover, the GPIGS-stimulated HBK growth was inhibited by the treatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K). These results suggest that GPIGS promotes HBK growth via the PI-3K/Akt pathway. In addition to in vitro tests, GPIGS was found to accelerate hair regrowth in telogen mice. Our results indicate that GPIGS is a potential agent to promote hair growth.
A Prisoner in the Family (2002)

In the year 2000, Action for Prisoners' Families (formerly the Federation of Prisoners' Families Support Groups) began a three-year project to identify and address the needs of teenagers with a close family member in prison. During 2001–02, the Young People's Project developed three pilot projects designed to act on the findings from our research conducted in 2000 with 53 young people living in London, Durham and Manchester. The Young People's Project (YPP) will conclude in January 2003 with a conference to highlight the issues for young people with a prisoner in the family and the models of support piloted by the project.
Resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in side population cells of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line Ho-1-N-1 (2009)

Side population (SP) cells are isolated from various tissues and cell lines based on the exclusion of DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33,342 and exhibit potent stem cell characteristics. There have been few previous reports of SP cells in head and neck cancer cell lines. Thus, we isolated SP cells from oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, Ho-1-N-1. Ho-1-N-1 contained 3.0% SP cells. Ho-1-N-1 SP cells showed self-renewal capacity, generating both SP and non-SP cells. Next, we analyzed differentially expressed genes between Ho-1-N-1 SP and non-SP cells using GeneChip microarray and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. SP cells expressed high levels of ATP-binding cassette transporters with related multidrug resistance (MDR) genes. The expression of ABCB1 and ABCG2 were significantly up-regulated in Ho-1-N-1 SP cells. In addition, the expression of CFLAR, BCL2 and BCL2A1 which are associated with anti-apoptosis, were also significantly increased in the SP cells. Chemoresistance to anticancer agents, including 5-fluorouracil and carboplatin, were compared between Ho1-N-1 SP and non-SP cells using flow cytometry and tetrazolium salt microtiter plate assay. Ho-1-N-1 SP cells survived significantly longer and SP ratio remarkably increased after anticancer agent treatment compared to non-SP cells. Immunocytochemical staining and apoptosis assay validated these results, and suggested an anti-apoptotic potential for Ho-1-N-1 SP cells. Ho-1-N-1 SP cells survived with various agents which were not only probably due to high level expression of ABC transporters, but also anti-apoptotic proteins. These observations indicated that Ho-1-N-1 SP cells were MDR phenotype and should be the main target for effective cancer therapy.
Molecular Evolutionary Analysis of ABCB5: The Ancestral Gene Is a Full Transporter with Potentially Deleterious Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (2011)

From our in-silco analysis of cSNPs we found that a large number of non-synonymous cSNPs map to important functional regions of the protein suggesting that these SNPs if present in human populations may play a role in diseases associated with ABCB5. From phylogenetic analyses, we have shown that ABCB5 evolved as a full transporter throughout its evolutionary history with an absence of any major shifts in selection between the various lineages suggesting that the function of ABCB5 has been maintained during mammalian evolution. This finding would suggest that ABCB5 beta may have evolved to play a specific role in human pigment cells and/or melanoma cells where it is predominantly expressed.
QoS Provisioning Framework for an OSD-Based Storage System (2005)

Quality of service (QoS) is crucial for certain applications such as multimedia. As the object-based storage device (OSD) protocol emerges as the next generation storage technology, QoS provisioning for OSD-based systems has also received a great deal of attention. In this paper, we propose a QoS framework for OSD-based storage system that integrates both the network QoS and storage QoS. We examine the existing OSD specification and analyze the QoS requirements for applications on OSD clients. Based on the QoS requirements analysis, we propose a three-level QoS specification. We further elaborate on extensions to the existing OSD and iSCSI protocol to support our QoS specification. These extensions are then incorporated with the current OSD reference implementation. Finally, we discuss both the implementation structure and issues encountered as part of this study.
Scattering of Sound by Air Bubbles in Water (1972)

The scattering strength of air bubbles in water has been determined experimentally at frequencies of 1 and 5 MHz. The bubble size and sound frequencies represent the short wavelength limit, where ka &gt; 1. By scanning the sound fields with a PZT transducer of 1 mm radius, angular distributions have been obtained out to an angle of 35° with and without the scatterers present. The results agree well with recent scattering measurements in suspensions and also with scattering theory.
Fifty years of UK asset price volatility (2000)

This paper analyzes the volatility of UK equity, bond, and treasury bill returns, and the dollar/sterling exchange rate since 1945. It is found that the volatility of all these assets is on a declining trend after peaking in the late 1970s. It seems that greater macro-economic stability is the most likely cause of the current declining trend. Volatility is, however, still significantly higher than in the Bretton Woods era.
Notes and Documents: John Galt; David Lindsay's Voyage to Arcturus; Edwin Muir (1980)

Vertical Mosaic" is a phrase happily adopted by many critics and historians to explain the quality of Canadian life."Mosaic" refers to the notion that the individual pieces, the ethnic groups and sub-groups, tend to hold their shape, keep their colour, rather than to melt and meld into "One Nation, Indivisible.""Vertical" alludes to the fact that certain groups tend to move to high positions in every sort of scale--political, economic, artistic, social.Scottish "pieces" in the Canadian mosaic have always figured high in the vertical pattern.The Scots came early to Canada, bound for the fur trade.exploring and exploiting the harsh northland: Mackenzie, Simon Fraser, MaCTavish, Simpson and McGill.Then a second wave of Scots came in the early nineteenth century for less swashbuckling adventures, making land, setting up machine shops and printing presses, working as early journalists, clerks and salesmen.Even when the Scottish groups no longer predominated at immigration points, Scottish tastes and values seemed so to have permeated Canadian life that a Scottish colouring still tinges the Canadian mosaic.I would like to pick up one rather gritty bit of Scottishness from that mosaic.This is
Relationships between serum (ZZ)-bilirubin, its subfractions and biliverdin concentrations in infants at 1-month check-ups (2001)

In 150 infants, including those with breast milk jaundice, who were brought to our hospital for their 1-month check-ups, the serum concentrations of (ZZ)-bilirubin, its subfractions and biliverdin were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and the relationships among them investigated. (ZZ)-Bilirubin was found to have the highest serum concentration, followed by (ZE)-bilirubin, accounting for 14.0 (geometric mean) % of (ZZ)-bilirubin. Biliverdin had a serum concentration of 0.95% of (ZZ)-bilirubin. There was only a small amount of total (di- and mono-) glucuronosyl bilirubin, 0.42% of (ZZ)-bilirubin. (ZE)-Bilirubin, (EZ)-bilirubin, (EZ)-cyclobilirubin. biliverdin, diglucuronosyl bilirubin and monoglucuronosyl bilirubin (C-8 and C-12) showed positive logarithmic correlations with (ZZ)-bilirubin (R2=0.16 or above, P<0.05). (ZE)-Bilirubin showed a significant positive logarithmic correlation with (ZZ)-bilirubin (R2=0.863, P<0.0001). Furthermore, (EZ)-cyclobilirubin, the most important photoisomer in phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, was detected in very small amounts in approximately half of the neonates (84 of 150) when they were in conditions of only weak ambient light. The relationship between total glucuronosyl bilirubin and (ZZ)-bilirubin concentrations fitted a model of saturation kinetics of bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase.
Antiviral and Cytotoxic Effects of Mycophenolic Acid (1969)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
An Approach to Financial Modeling and Analysis for Renovation of Hotel Properties (1992)

ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that capital budgeting techniques of major hotel chains are not as prevalent as in other service industries. The use of discounted cash flow techniques is used even less when companies contemplate large scale renovation projects. This paper describes a discounted cash flow model on which financial decisions concerning hotel renovation projects can be made.
Monitoring anytime algorithms (1996)

Anytime algorithms offer a tradeoff between solution quality and computation time that has proved useful in applying artificial intelligence techniques to time-critical problems. To exploit this tradeoff, a system must be able to determine the best time to stop deliberation and act on the currently available solution. If there is uncertainty about how much solution quality will improve with computation time, or about how the problem state may change after the start of the algorithm, monitoring the algorithm's progress and/or the problem state can make possible a better stopping decision and so improve the utility of the system. This paper analyzes the issues involved in run-time monitoring of anytime algorithms. It reviews previous work and casts the problem in a new framework from which some improved monitoring strategies emerge.
Relationship Between Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women (2005)

Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis are at an increased risk for cardiovascular events that is proportional to the severity of osteoporosis at the time of the diagnosis. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis should include consideration of measures to prevent cardiovascular outcomes.
Targeting prion-like protein doppel selectively suppresses tumor angiogenesis (2016)

Controlled and site-specific regulation of growth factor signaling remains a major challenge for current antiangiogenic therapies, as these antiangiogenic agents target normal vasculature as well tumor vasculature. In this article, we identified the prion-like protein doppel as a potential therapeutic target for tumor angiogenesis. We investigated the interactions between doppel and VEGFR2 and evaluated whether blocking the doppel/VEGFR2 axis suppresses the process of angiogenesis. We discovered that tumor endothelial cells (TECs), but not normal ECs, express doppel; tumors from patients and mouse xenografts expressed doppel in their vasculatures. Induced doppel overexpression in ECs enhanced vascularization, whereas doppel constitutively colocalized and complexed with VEGFR2 in TECs. Doppel inhibition depleted VEGFR2 from the cell membrane, subsequently inducing the internalization and degradation of VEGFR2 and thereby attenuating VEGFR2 signaling. We also synthesized an orally active glycosaminoglycan (LHbisD4) that specifically binds with doppel. We determined that LHbisD4 concentrates over the tumor site and that genetic loss of doppel in TECs decreases LHbisD4 binding and targeting both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LHbisD4 eliminated VEGFR2 from the cell membrane, prevented VEGF binding in TECs, and suppressed tumor growth. Together, our results demonstrate that blocking doppel can control VEGF signaling in TECs and selectively inhibit tumor angiogenesis.
Hapten-heterologous conjugates evaluated for application to free thyroxine immunoassays (1993)

We evaluated the effect of hapten heterology on free thyroxine (FT4) immunoassays involving the biotin-streptavidin system and time-resolved fluorometry. We compared protein derivatives of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) as solid-phase antigen or biotinylated protein-tracer conjugate for competitive (or sequential) binding to a mouse anti-T4 monoclonal antibody. In both one- and two-step assays, the heterologous combination of the antibody and T3 conjugates showed superior standard curve sensitivity but up to eightfold lower zero standard signal (B(o)) when the same amounts of antibody and conjugates were used. The improved sensitivity was not altered when the amount of coupled T3 was increased to obtain a B(o) value similar to that of the homologous combination of antibody and T4 conjugates. In the two-step format, the sensitivity of the homologous assay was insufficient for routine use, consistent with displacement of bound T4 during the antibody back-titration step (demonstrated in the T4 displacement experiment with excess conjugate). Results from the one-step (labeled antibody) heterologous assay for approximately 85 clinical samples correlated well with those from an immunofluorometric assay and a two-step radioimmunoassay. The assay was not affected by a wide variation in endogenous serum concentrations of T4-binding globulin and albumin.
Polymer Micelle with pH-Triggered Hydrophobic–Hydrophilic Transition and De-Cross-Linking Process in the Core and Its Application for Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery (2012)

In this study, an novel amphiphilic block copolymer P[PEGMA-b-(DEMA-co-APMA)]-FA and its cross-linker uracil-(CH2)6-uracil (U-(CH2)6-U) were synthesized and used as the targeted and pH-responsive nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery. The hydrophobic block of the copolymer contains adenine (A) and tertiary amine moieties and the hydrophilic block is terminated with a targeting ligand folic acid (FA). Under neutral pH, the hydrophobic chain segments of the copolymer are cross-linked by U-(CH2)6-U through the A-U nucleobase pairing based on complementary multiple hydrogen bonding, and the copolymer forms stable micelles with their mean diameter of around 170 nm in water. While under acidic pH, the micelles dissociate as a result of protonation of tertiary amines and disruption of the A-U nucleobase pairing. Flow cytometry and fluorescent microscope observation show that, when loaded with an anticancer drug DOX, the micelles can preferably enter folate receptor (FR)-positive cancer cells and kill the cells via intracellular release of the anticancer drug. Cytotoxicity tests (MTT tests) indicate that the micelles with FA on their surfaces exhibit higher cytotoxicity toward FR-positive cells than those without FA. This study provides useful insights on designing and improving the applicability of copolymer micelles for other targeted drug delivery systems.
Validation of a Novel Murine Wound Model of Acinetobacter baumannii Infection (2013)

Patients recovering from traumatic injuries or surgery often require weeks to months of hospitalization, increasing the risk for wound and surgical site infections caused by ESKAPE pathogens, which include A. baumannii (the ESKAPE pathogens are Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). As new therapies are being developed to counter A. baumannii infections, animal models are also needed to evaluate potential treatments. Here, we present an excisional, murine wound model in which a diminutive inoculum of a clinically relevant, multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolate can proliferate, form biofilms, and be effectively treated with antibiotics. The model requires a temporary, cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia to establish an infection that can persist. A 6-mm-diameter, full-thickness wound was created in the skin overlying the thoracic spine, and after the wound bed was inoculated, it was covered with a dressing for 7 days. Uninoculated control wounds healed within 13 days, whereas infected, placebo-treated wounds remained unclosed beyond 21 days. Treated and untreated wounds were assessed with multiple quantitative and qualitative techniques that included gross pathology, weight loss and recovery, wound closure, bacterial burden, 16S rRNA community profiling, histopathology, peptide nucleic acid-fluorescence in situ hybridization, and scanning electron microscopy assessment of biofilms. The range of differences that we are able to identify with these measures in antibiotic- versus placebo-treated animals provides a clear window within which novel antimicrobial therapies can be assessed. The model can be used to evaluate antimicrobials for their ability to reduce specific pathogen loads in wounded tissues and clear biofilms. Ultimately, the mouse model approach allows for highly powered studies and serves as an initial multifaceted in vivo assessment prior to testing in larger animals.
Proton induced damage in LFS-3 and LFS-8 scintillating crystals (2011)

Scintillating LFS-3 and LFS-8 crystals were exposed to a 155 MeV/c proton fluence $Φ_{p}=(4.4\pm0.4)\cdot10^{12}cm^{-2}$. There was negligible reduction in transmission spectrum of LFS-3 crystal measured in 30 days after irradiation.
2006 Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Women With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Adenocarcinoma In Situ (2007)

Updated evidenced-based guidelines have been developed for the management of women with CIN or AIS. These guidelines reflect recent changes in our understanding of human papillomavirus-associated diseases of the cervix and the potential impact of treatment on future pregnancies.
Cation Dynamics and Diffusion in Lithium Orthosilicate: Two-Dimensional Lithium-6 NMR (1995)

Many geological and technological processes depend on diffusion in crystalline silicates and oxides, but models of the dynamics of diffusion have only rarely been based on relatively direct microscopic information on the rates and energetics of the hopping of cations from site to site. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exchange spectra for lithium-6 in lithium orthosilicate (Li 4 SiO 4 ) provided a detailed picture of the hopping rates of Li + ions among structurally distinct sites and helped to define the diffusion pathway. Rates and activation energies depended measurably on site geometry, and bulk electrical conductivity was accurately predicted.
Dendrimer-Based Multivalent Vancomycin Nanoplatform for Targeting the Drug-Resistant Bacterial Surface (2012)

Vancomycin represents the preferred ligand for bacteria-targeting nanosystems. However, it is inefficient for emerging vancomycin-resistant species because of its poor affinity to the reprogrammed cell wall structure. This study demonstrates the use of a multivalent strategy as an effective way for overcoming such an affinity limitation in bacteria targeting. We designed a series of fifth generation (G5) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers tethered with vancomycin at the C-terminus at different valencies. We performed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies to determine their binding avidity to two cell wall models, each made with either a vancomycin-susceptible (D)-Ala-(D)-Ala or vancomycin-resistant (D)-Ala-(D)-Lac cell wall precursor. These conjugates showed remarkable enhancement in avidity in the cell wall models tested, including the vancomycin-resistant model, which had an increase in avidity of four to five orders of magnitude greater than free vancomycin. The tight adsorption of the conjugate to the model surface corresponded with its ability to bind vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacterial cells in vitro as imaged by confocal fluorescent microscopy. This vancomycin platform was then used to fabricate the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles by coating them with the dendrimer conjugates, and the resulting dendrimer-covered magnetic nanoparticles were demonstrated to rapidly sequester bacterial cells. In summary, this article investigates the biophysical basis of the tight, multivalent association of dendrimer-based vancomycin conjugates to the bacterial cell wall, and proposes a potential new use of this nanoplatform in targeting Gram-positive bacteria.
Transceiver IQ imperfection Monitor by Digital Signal Processing in Coherent Receiver (2019)

Various transmitter-side and receiver-side IQ imperfections are monitored simultaneously by coherent receiver DSP. Within each side there're no interactions among different IQ imperfection monitors except for the IQ skew and IQ phase imbalance monitor.