gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Photogrammetric Workflow for the Creation of a Forest Canopy Height Model from Small Unmanned Aerial System Imagery (2013)

The recent development of operational small unmanned aerial systems (UASs) opens the door for their extensive use in forest mapping, as both the spatial and temporal resolution of UAS imagery better suit local-scale investigation than traditional remote sensing tools. This article focuses on the use of combined photogrammetry and “Structure from Motion” approaches in order to model the forest canopy surface from low-altitude aerial images. An original workflow, using the open source and free photogrammetric toolbox, MICMAC (acronym for Multi Image Matches for Auto Correlation Methods), was set up to create a digital canopy surface model of deciduous stands. In combination with a co-registered light detection and ranging (LiDAR) digital terrain model, the elevation of vegetation was determined, and the resulting hybrid photo/LiDAR canopy height model was compared to data from a LiDAR canopy height model and from forest inventory data. Linear regressions predicting dominant height and individual height from plot metrics and crown metrics showed that the photogrammetric canopy height model was of good quality for deciduous stands. Although photogrammetric reconstruction significantly smooths the canopy surface, the use of this workflow has the potential to take full advantage of the flexible revisit period of drones in order to refresh the LiDAR canopy height model and to collect dense multitemporal canopy height series.
Irreversibility line in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">YBa</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films: Correlation of transport and magnetic behavior (1994)

Using magnetic and magnetotransport measurements, we show that a ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ thin-film sample has a single irreversibility line (IRL), which is the same as the vortex-glass-transition phase boundary. Results suggest that the effects of pinning persist above the glass-transition temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$, and that it is the loss of critical-current density ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{c}}$ rather than an onset of reversible magnetic behavior that characterizes the vortex-glass transition. Measurements of dc magnetization are shown to confirm a theoretical model that explains why the determination of ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$ requires that field-cooled data be collected on cooling (FCC) rather than on warming (FCW), as is frequently done. The use of the ac susceptibility response for measuring ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$ is shown to be a valid measure only at low frequency. This is because both the fundamental-frequency and third-harmonic ac susceptibilities measure the onset of ac flux penetration rather than the onset of irreversibility. The frequency dependence of the onset temperature of ac flux penetration (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{on}}$) is shown to follow the vortex-glass-model dependence ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{on}}$=C(2\ensuremath{\pi}f${)}^{\mathrm{{}1/[(\mathit{z}\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1)\ensuremath{\nu}]\mathrm{}}}$+${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{g}}$, with values of z and \ensuremath{\nu} consistent with those determined from scaling of the magnetotransport data.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics of Formation of Copper(I) by Reduction of Silver(I) Solutions by Metallic Copper and of Copper(II) Solutions by Metallic Nickel in Water + Acetonitrile Mixtures and Their Applications in Hydrometallurgy. (1989)

Abstract The rates of Cu(I) formation in the reaction shown in the scheme are determined under different conditions in H 2 O + MeCN mixtures aiming at the establishment of the optimum conditions for the Cu(I) formation.
Synergistic association of FOXP3+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with CCL20 expressions with poor prognosis of primary breast cancer (2019)

Studies have shown that forkhead/winged helix transcription factor P3 (FOXP3) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are intimately associated with invasion and survival of many invasive tumors. The inflammatory chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) and its receptor CCR6 were found to be associated with tumor prognosis in some studies. Although increases in FOXP3 TILs infiltration and CCL20 expression have been revealed in several malignancies, their correlation in human breast tumors is as yet unclear.Surgically resected samples from 156 patients with invasive breast cancer (BC) were assessed for the expression of FOXP3 and CCL20 by immunohistochemistry. Correlation between their expressions and the association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient's prognosis were studied. Forty pairs of fresh BC and their nontumor adjacent tissues (NATs) in BC were carried out by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) to evaluate the correlation between FOXP3 and CCL20 mRNA expression.CCL20 and FOXP3 TILs mRNA expression in tumor tissue demonstrated a high correlation (rs = 0.359, P < .001) in this cohort of breast cancer patients. Both elevated CCL20 expression and FOXP3 TILs infiltration were significantly correlated with high histological grade, positive human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), high Ki67 index, and axillary lymph node metastases. Tumors with concomitant high expressions of both markers had the worst prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that these 2 markers were independent predictors of overall survival. The patients with axillary lymph node metastases with the concomitant CCL20 high expression and increased FOXP3 TILs infiltration had the worst overall survival (OS) (P < .001), In lymph node-negative breast cancer patients, the status of CCL20 and FOXP3 was not related to OS (P = .22).The results suggest that CCL20 and FOXP3 TILs may have synergistic effects, and their upregulated expressions may lead to immune evasion in breast cancer. Combinatorial immunotherapeutic approaches aiming at blocking CCL20 and depleting FOXP3 might improve therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer patients.
Substrate specificity of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) of<i>Enterobacter asburiae</i>PSI3 and rock phosphate solubilization with GDH substrates as C sources (2005)

Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 is a rhizospheric isolate that solubilizes mineral phosphates by the action of a phosphate starvation-inducible GDH (EC 1.1.5.2). We report here that GDH activity of this isolate shows broad substrate range, being able to act on mono and disaccharides. Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 was proficient at bringing about a drop in pH and solubilization of RP with the use of 75 mmol/L of each of the GDH substrate sugars tested as the sole C source. It liberated amounts of P ranging from 450 micromol/L (on arabinose) to 890 micromol/L (on glucose). When grown on a mixture of 7 GDH substrates at concentrations of 15 mmol/L each, the bacterium solubilized RP equivalent to 46% of the value when 75 mmol glucose/L was the C source. HPLC analysis of the culture supernatant under these conditions showed that the acidification of the media is primarily due to the production of organic acids. The significance of these results on the efficacy of E. asburiae PSI3 at solubilizing phosphates under rhizospheric conditions is discussed.
Surface analysis of contaminated GaAs: Comparison of new laser-based techniques with SIMS (1985)

A method of surface analysis by laser ionization (SALI) has been developed recently with an elemental sensitivity comparable to secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). This mass spectrometric method uses intense UV laser general postionization following desorption or sputtering. The method has been applied to the analysis of a clean and contaminated GaAs(100) sample. Using an Ar+ beam for sputtering, direct comparison with SIMS shows the much more quantitative nature of SALI spectra. A 1.06-μm laser beam also was used to remove material for analysis, and comparisons are again made between desorbed neutral and ion species. Several potential uses of SALI are described for chemical analysis and for investigations of fundamental desorption mechanisms.
Potentiometric microsensors (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotentiometric microsensorsJiri JanataCite this: Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 5, 691–703Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00103a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr00103a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views632Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sulfonated polyisobutylene telechelic ionomers. XIV. Viscoelastic behavior of concentrated solutions in nonpolar solvents (1991)

Abstract The effect of molecular variables upon the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of solutions of sulfonated polyisobutylene telechelic ionomers in nonpolar solvents has been investigated. Intermolecular association of the ionic end groups in nonpolar media results in the formation of a transient ionic network which displays a viscous response at low frequencies and an elastic response at high frequencies. The frequency of the transition from viscous behavior to elastic behavior, as well as the plateau storage modulus, is dependent upon molecular variables such as architecture, molecular weight, neutralizing cation, and extent of neutralization. Variables which affect the strength of the ionic interactions, such as temperature and the type of solvent, also influence the viscoelastic response. Solutions of ionomers neutralized with cations of Groups IA and IIA, such as potassium and calcium, behave elastically over most of the experimentally accessible frequency range, while those neutralized with transition metals, such as zinc, display viscous flow over a rather wide range at low frequencies. As in previous studies of dilute solution viscosity behavior, the threearm star trifunctional species was found to form a more extensive network in nonpolar solvents than the linear difunctional species at equivalent concentrations. The failure of time–temperature superposition indicates that these solutions are thermoheologically complex.
ASA Membership Views on Annual Meetings (1971)

As part of the study of future goals of the American Statistical Association authorized by the Board of Directors early in 1970, a Task Force on Annual Meetings was set up to review existing practices and to make recommendations as to possible changes. To help in that review, it was decided to ascertain the views of members. In late August 1970 a questionnaire was sent to all ASA members in the United States and Canada. This is a report to the membership on the results of that survey. * Questionnaires were sent to all (U.S. and Canadian) members of record to give everyone an opportunity to participate. It was not feasible to undertake a followup of nonresponse, but it was hoped that statisticians might reply to a greater extent than the general public. While from this point of view it could be wished that returns had been greater, over a third of the members did feel strongly enough about expressing an opinion on annual meetings to return a completed questionnaire. A total of 8,764 questionnaires were mailed; we received 3,141 returns. A preliminary report to the Steering Committee was made based on 2,898 returns.
Femtosecond Nonlinear Fiber Optics in the Ionization Regime (2011)

By using a gas-filled kagome-style photonic crystal fiber, nonlinear fiber optics is studied in the regime of optically induced ionization. The fiber offers low anomalous dispersion over a broad bandwidth and low loss. Sequences of blueshifted pulses are emitted when 65 fs, few-microjoule pulses, corresponding to high-order solitons, are launched into the fiber and undergo self-compression. The experimental results are confirmed by numerical simulations which suggest that free-electron densities of ∼10(17) cm(-3) are achieved at peak intensities of 10(14) W/cm(2) over length scales of several centimeters.
Evaluation of algorithms for lossless compression of continuous-tone images (2002)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Novel Self-Assembling Close-Packed Droplet Array at the Interface in Ternary Polymer Blends (2009)

This paper reports, for the first time, on the self-assembly of polystyrene (PS) droplets into a perfectly segregated close-packed droplet array at a high-density polyethylene/polypropylene (HDPE/PP) interface during melt processing. Remarkably, even when highly concentrated at the interface, the PS remains in droplet form and does not coalesce into a uniform layer at the interface. This highly organized, Pickering-type emulsion microstructure is induced by the partial wetting of the HDPE/PP interface by the PS droplets. It is shown that the affinity of the PS droplets for the HDPE/PP interface can be controlled by the addition of a 1,4-hydrogenated styrene−(ethylene−butylene) (SEB) diblock copolymer. A focused ion beam/atomic force microscopy technique is used to show that, depending on the concentration of SEB copolymer, the PS droplets migrate from the PP side to the HDPE side of the HDPE/PP interface due to the selective location of the SEB copolymer at the HDPE/PS interface. The close-packed droplet array at the interface is accentuated during annealing due to a “sweep and grab” effect induced by the coarsening of the HDPE/PP cocontinuous microstructure. It is shown that this phenomenon of assembled droplets, as well as the migration of the droplets at the interface, can be thermodynamically predicted via spreading coefficient theory. The special case of interfacial coalescence of the PS droplets in these systems was also studied by varying the time of quiescent annealing. In the unmodified blend, the coalescence rate is significantly higher for the PS droplets located at the HDPE/PP interface compared to the ones in the bulk phases. The addition of 1% SEB copolymer results in an even higher coalescence rate early in the quiescent annealing procedure. However, coalescence rapidly decreases and falls to virtually zero after 60 min due to the saturation of the HDPE/PS interface by the SEB copolymer. It is shown that when interfacially modified PS droplets are located at the HDPE/PP interface, they also serve to completely stabilize the cocontinuous HDPE/PP network from further coalescence. This work opens new perspectives in generating novel complex microstructures in polymer blends.
Earlens tympanic contact transducer: A new method of sound transduction to the human ear☆☆☆★ (1996)

This article is an initial report on a new method of transducing sound to the human ear. The report describes the shortcomings of conventional acoustic amplification devices, the potential advantages afforded by the Earlens system (ReSound Corp., Redwood City, Calif.), a description of the system, and preliminary clinical results. The system is composed of two elements: a transducer that is composed of a magnet mounted on a thin, conical silicone platform and a device that generates a magnetic field which causes the Earlens to vibrate. The Earlens transducer is placed on the umbo area of the tympanic membrane and maintains its position there by floating on a droplet of mineral oil. Two configurations of the magnetic field device are described: one that is placed within the external auditory canal and another that is worn around the neck. This feasibility study was done in seven patients during a 3-month period. All patients in the study maintained the position of the transducer for the duration of the study, and the tympanic membranes showed no evidence of inflammation or other problems. The presence of the transducer caused an average 5-dB threshold depression in the speech frequencies. In the neck-worn device, maximum mean functional gain was 25 dB at 2000 Hz. Variability in the functional gain at different frequencies was noted with poorer gain above 2000 Hz.
Binding of ovarian cancer cells to peritoneal mesothelium in vitro is partly mediated by CD44H. (1993)

Epithelial cancer of the ovary spreads by implantation of tumor cells onto the mesothelial lining of the peritoneal cavity. We have developed an in vitro binding assay using confluent monolayers of normal peritoneal mesothelial cells in order to assess the role of known adhesion proteins in this process. Cells from normal ovarian surface epithelium and the ovarian cancer cell lines CAOV-3 and SKOV-3 exhibited significant adhesion to mesothelium in vitro (range 33-56% specific binding). Although these cells expressed several adhesion molecules, including CD44 and integrins such as alpha 4 beta 1, alpha 5 beta 1, and alpha v beta 3, only anti-CD44 antibody was capable of inhibiting mesothelial binding (range 42-44% inhibition). Adhesion molecule expression was also determined for fresh ovarian specimens, with CD44 being expressed in 2 of 2 cases of normal ovarian epithelium, 15 of 16 (94%) cases of tissue-derived tumor (from primary sites or peritoneal implants), and only 2 of 8 (25%) cases of free-floating tumor cells from ascites. Three of three CD44-positive cases derived from peritoneal implants exhibited significant mesothelial binding which was partly blocked by anti-CD44 antibody, whereas 2 of 2 CD44-negative cases derived from ascites showed minimal binding. CD44-mediated binding of ovarian cancer cells was determined to be due to recognition of mesothelium-associated hyaluronate, suggesting that the CD44H isoform was involved in this process. Immunoprecipitation of the CD44 species expressed by ovarian cancer cells revealed 2 major bands at 85-90 and 180 kDa, consistent with the known molecular masses of CD44H. These results suggest that CD44H may be an important mediator of ovarian cancer cell implantation and that decreased CD44H expression may be associated with release of cells into the peritoneal space during ascites formation. It is possible that strategies to interfere with CD44H function may result in decreased intraabdominal spread of this highly lethal neoplasm.
II.—MICROSCOPY IN THE REGION OF WAVE‐LENGTH Λ= 2,000Å. to 1,000Å (1953)

Synopsis The paper describes the technique for using the microscope in the region 2,000Å. to 1,000Å. and the instrument for doing this. The experimental work shows that if the instrument is mounted in a chamber containing nitrogen instead of in vacuo the technique is greatly facilitated. Reflecting objectives of the Schwarzschild type and a refracting type monochromat (made in fluorite) have been used in this work. Photomicrographs taken with the instrument are included in the paper.
476. The reaction of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose hydrochloride with aqueous ammonia (1961)

M. I. Taha, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 2468 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610002468
Exchanging STEP Data through XML-Based Mediators (2003)

Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) provides a systematic approach for user communities to model and exchange data on specific types of products and manufacturing technologies. With the increasing popularity of the Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) on the Internet, mapping STEP data into XML seems a logical way to make STEP data more accessible through the Internet. On the other hand, Internet-based information systems generally consist of data sources and clients that access the data sources; and mediators have been proposed as a middle layer that provides added value by converting the basic data into information required by the clients. To work effectively, mediators require machine-readable data models and standardized interfaces, which can be developed based on XML. In this paper we discuss the ways of automated conversion from STEP into XML, and the exchange of STEP data through the XML-based mediator architecture.
Dual-Polarized Wideband Fabry–Perot Antenna With Quad-Layer Partially Reflective Surface (2018)

A new quad-layer partially reflective surface (PRS) is presented in this letter for dual-polarized Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity antennas with an improved gain bandwidth. Four layers of metallic square rings are printed on each side of two dielectric substrates separated by an air gap of about λ/27 (λ is the wavelength in the open air) at 5.5 GHz. The total profile of the FP cavity is about λ /2. By properly choosing the dimensions of square rings and the distance between the two substrates, the phase of the reflection coefficient of the PRS increases with the operating frequency, demonstrating a broadband property. In order to validate the performance of the proposed PRS, a dual-polarized FP antenna is designed, which has peak realized gains of 14.7 and 15.5 dBi with 1 dB bandwidths of more than 10% for two polarizations. Furthermore, the input reflection coefficients are lower than -15 dB in the 5.05-5.8 GHz band, and the isolation of the dual-polarized modes is more than 30 dB.
Effect of music therapy in the postanesthesia care unit: a nursing intervention. (1992)

This study examined the effect of music on pain, hemodynamic variables, and respiration in the PACU, and the impact of music on patients' recall of their PACU experience. Sixty patients scheduled for thyroid, parathyroid, or breast surgery under general anesthesia were studied. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups: group 1, control, not wearing headphones; group 2, wearing headphones but hearing no music; and group 3, wearing headphones and listening to music. A visual analogue pain scale was used to rate patients' perception of pain. There was no difference in pain level, morphine requirement, hemodynamics, respiration, or length of stay in the PACU among the 3 groups, yet the music group was able to wait significantly longer before requiring analgesia on the nursing unit. Patients who listened to music perceived their PACU experience as significantly more pleasant than the patients in the other two groups as recalled both 1 day and 1 month later.
Development of Hard Bainite (2003)

It is demonstrated that in a high-carbon steel where carbide precipitation is suppressed, bainite can be obtained by isothermal transformation at temperatures as low as 200°C. The time taken for nucleation at this temperature can be many days, but the transformation results in the growth of extremely thin platelets of bainite, so thin that the hardness of the resulting steel can be greater than 600 HV.