gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of relationship between cereal yield and NDVI for selected regions of Central Europe based on MODIS satellite data (2019)

Earth observation satellite technologies allow the status of crops to be assessed at various geographical scales. The most popular vegetation index for analyzing this status is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This article studies the relationship between the NDVI and cereal-grain yield in selected regions (corresponding to NUTS2 levels) of four Central European countries: Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. The remote sensing data cover the vegetation seasons (from the beginning of March until the end of June) of 2012–2016, and were obtained using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor of NASA's Terra satellite. The average NDVI of the data was calculated for both the entire area and the arable-land area of the regions (according to the Corine Land Cover program). Statistical analysis includes correlation and linear regression analyses between cereal grain yield and mean NDVI for entire area and arable land of the regions in each year of the study. They are strongly correlated from the beginning of March until mid-May (most of the correlation coefficients for arable land are between 0.50 and 0.85), the strongest relationship being around the beginning of April in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (most of the correlation coefficients are between 0.80 and 1.00). In most regions of Poland, the relationships are quite strong, but in German regions they are weak and inconsistent. Regression coefficients (slopes) for relationships between the NDVI in the beginning of April and the grain yield of cereals range from 10.8 to 26.2. This means that an increase in the NDVI in early spring by 0.1 unit increases the grain yield of cereals by about 1.1–2.6 t/ha. The obtained results are promising because they prove the possibility of forecasting cereal grain yield at the regional level, three–four months before the harvest, which is important for planning food policy.
High-Throughput Secretomic Analysis of Single Cells to Assess Functional Cellular Heterogeneity (2013)

Secreted proteins dictate a range of cellular functions in human health and disease. Because of the high degree of cellular heterogeneity and, more importantly, polyfunctionality of individual cells, there is an unmet need to simultaneously measure an array of proteins from single cells and to rapidly assay a large number of single cells (more than 1000) in parallel. We describe a simple bioanalytical assay platform consisting of a large array of subnanoliter microchambers integrated with high-density antibody barcode microarrays for highly multiplexed protein detection from over a thousand single cells in parallel. This platform has been tested for both cell lines and complex biological samples such as primary cells from patients. We observed distinct heterogeneity among the single cell secretomic signatures that, for the first time, can be directly correlated to the cells' physical behavior such as migration. Compared to the state-of-the-art protein secretion assay such as ELISpot and emerging microtechnology-enabled assays, our approach offers both high throughput and high multiplicity. It also has a number of clinician-friendly features such as ease of operation, low sample consumption, and standardized data analysis, representing a potentially transformative tool for informative monitoring of cellular function and immunity in patients.
Uni-lambda bidirectional 10/1.25 GbE access service based on WDM-PON (2004)

The 10/1.25 Gbit/s wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) service is presented with uni-lambda bidirectional transmission over 30 km of singlemode fibre. With low-cost wavelength tracking methods, power variations of the upstream were achieved within ±0.33 dB under temperature fluctuation in the passive remote node.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Lometrexol ((6R)-5,10-Dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid) (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric Synthesis of Lometrexol ((6R)-5,10-Dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic Acid)Charles J. Barnett, Thomas M. Wilson, Samuel R. Wendel, Michael J. Winningham, and Jack B. DeeterCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 23, 7038–7045Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00102a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00102a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A parallel architecture for speech understanding (2005)

The complexity of the speech understanding task requires extensive computation. To improve the processing speed, methods are explored by which the various tasks involved in speech understanding can be structured for execution on a parallel processing system. An architecture is described in which a speech understanding system is decomposed into a series of distributed processing computation stations.
Contribution of the dynamic phonocardiography to the valvular heart disease diagnosis: an expert system study. (1990)

The contribution of pharmacodynamic tests to the diagnostic accuracy of phono-mechanocardiography was tested by means of an expert system, in order to make an objective evaluation. In 198 valvular heart disease patients, the use of dynamic tests significantly improved the rate of diagnostic success, thus confirming the usefulness of dynamic phono-mechanocardiography.
Observing the evolution of internet as topology (2007)

Characterizing the evolution of Internet topology is important to our understanding of the Internet architecture and its interplay with technical, economic and social forces. A major challenge in obtaining empirical data on topology evolution is to identify real topology changes from the observed topology changes, since the latter can be due to either topology changes or transient routing dynamics. In this paper, we formulate the topology liveness problem and propose a solution based on the analysis of BGP data. We find that the impact of transient routing dynamics on topology observation decreases exponentially over time, and that the real topology dynamics consist of a constant-rate birth process and a constant-rate death process. Our model enables us to infer real topology changes from observation data with a given confidence level. We demonstrate the usefulness of the model by applying it to three applications: providing more accurate views of the topology, evaluating theoretical evolution models, and empirically characterizing the trends of topology evolution. We find that customer networks and provider networks have distinct evolution trends, which can provide an important input to the design of future Internet routing architecture.
SENSOR SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE (1995)

This paper presents some examples of special sensor systems and signal processing techniques. The purpose is to obtain information which will help overcome many of the driver limitations in information perception and in offering a situation dependent correct action. The following information is expected to be obtained from the sensor systems: 1) vehicle technical status; 2) status of the road surface; 3) status of the surrounding traffic; and, 4) the road course itself.
Detection of second-generation images using an assessment criteria method (2015)

Purpose – The ability to distinguish between “original” and “copied” images has been a persistent forensic imaging difficulty and can be of some importance to certain criminal and civil investigations. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel assessment criteria method that incorporates visual and metadata-based information for the purpose of determining whether images are original or second-generation duplicates (copies made by rephotographing the original hardcopy). Design/methodology/approach – The study reflects difficulties raised from forensic cases and is modelled on fraud investigation that involved images sourced from camera phones. The method involved a new assessment-based criteria approach and the results were evaluated through their application to a sample set of second-generation images. Findings – The evaluation confirmed the validity of several theorised detection artefacts resulting in the articulation and presentation of 17 detection criteria considered useful for supporting image analysis. Originality/value – The result of this study is an expansion of the tools available to examiners for addressing complex image authentication problems. The criteria approach also assists with transparently communicating the details of the photo interpretation processes for review and scrutiny.
Exact and approximate sum representations for the Dirichlet process (2002)

Abstract The Dirichlet process can be regarded as a random probability measure for which the authors examine various sum representations. They consider in particular the gamma process construction of Ferguson (1973) and the “stick‐breaking” construction of Sethuraman (1994). They propose a Dirichlet finite sum representation that strongly approximates the Dirichlet process. They assess the accuracy of this approximation and characterize the posterior that this new prior leads to in the context of Bayesian nonpara‐metric hierarchical models.
β‐Ionone reactions with the nitrate radical: Rate constant and gas‐phase products (2009)

Abstract The bimolecular rate constant of k (9.4 ± 2.4 × 10 −12 cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 was measured using the relative rate technique for the reaction of the nitrate radical (NO 3 •) with 4‐(2,6,6‐trimethyl‐1‐cyclohexen‐1‐yl)‐3‐buten‐2‐one (β‐ionone) at (297 ± 3) K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. In addition, the products of β‐ionone + NO 3 • reaction were also investigated. The identified reaction products were glyoxal (HC(O)C(O)H), and methylglyoxal (CH 3 C(O)C(O)H). Derivatizing agents O‐(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine and N,O‐bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide were used to propose the other major reaction products: 3‐oxobutane‐1,2‐diyl nitrate, 2,6,6‐trimethylcyclohex‐1‐ene‐carbaldehyde, 2‐oxo‐1‐(2,6,6‐trimethylcyclohex‐1‐en‐1‐yl)ethyl nitrate, pentane‐2,4‐dione, 3‐oxo‐1‐(2,6,6‐trimethylcyclohex‐1‐en‐1‐yl)butane‐1,2‐diyl dinitrate, 3,3‐dimethylcyclohexane‐1,2‐dione, and 4‐oxopent‐2‐enal. The elucidation of these products was facilitated by mass spectrometry of the derivatized reaction products coupled with plausible β‐ionone + NO 3 • reaction mechanisms based on previously published volatile organic compound + NO 3 • gas‐phase mechanisms. The additional gas‐phase products 5‐acetyl‐2‐ethylidene‐3‐methylcyclopentyl nitrate, 1‐(1‐hydroxy‐7,7‐dimethyl‐2,3,4,5,6,7‐hexahydro‐1 H‐inden‐2‐yl)ethanone, 1‐(1‐hydroxy‐3 a ,7‐dimethyl‐2,3,3 a ,4,5,6,‐hexahydro‐1 H‐inden‐2‐yl)ethanone, and 5‐acetyl‐2‐ethylidene‐3‐methylcyclopentanone are proposed to be the result of cyclization through a reaction intermediate. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. * This article is a U.S. Government work and, as such, is in the public domain of the United States of America. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 629–641, 2009
The Effect of Graft Height Mismatch on Contact Pressure following Osteochondral Grafting (2004)

Hypothesis Incongruity of the articular cartilage following osteochondral transplantation affects surface contact pressure. Study Design An 80 N load was applied for 120 seconds to the femoral condyles of 10 swine knees. Contact pressures were measured using Fuji prescale film. Seven conditions were tested: (1) intact articular surface; (2) 4.5-mm diameter defect; (3) grafted with 4.5-mm diameter plug elevated 1 mm above adjacent cartilage; (4) plug elevated 0.5 mm; (5) plug flush; (6) plug sunk 0.5 mm below surface; and (7) sunk 1.0 mm. Conclusions Peak contact pressures were significantly (P< .001) elevated by ~20% after defect creation and were reduced to normal when plugs were flush. There were large and significant (P< .001) increases in pressure with plugs elevated 1 and 0.5 mm. Contact pressures with plugs sunk 0.5 and 1 mm were significantly (P< .01) higher than intact cartilage but were significantly (P < .01) lower than an empty defect. Clinical Relevance Normal contact pressures and patterns can be duplicated with flush articular surface grafts. However, small incongruities, particularly when the plug is elevated, can lead to significantly increased pressure. This reinforces the importance of articular surface congruity in the initial biomechanical state following osteochondral implantation.
Specific adoptive immunotherapy mediated by tumor-draining lymph node cells sequentially activated with anti-CD3 and IL-2 (1991)

Lymph nodes (LN) draining progressively growing tumors contain tumor-sensitized but not fully functional preeffector lymphocytes. These cells could acquire therapeutic efficacy and be expanded upon sequential culture with anti-CD3 mAb for 2 days followed by incubation in IL-2 for 3 days. Using the weakly immunogenic MCA 106 and MCA 205 murine sarcomas, we have further defined conditions of this anti-CD3/IL-2 activation with which preeffector cells differentiated into immune effector cells. In vitro activation and expansion of effector cells required sequential but independent stimulation with anti-CD3 and IL-2 because the simultaneous presence of both anti-CD3 and IL-2 at either stage did not enhance the efficacy of activation. Generation of effector cells by this two-stage activation was critically dependent on the optimal concentrations of anti-CD3 (1.0 microgram/ml) and IL-2 (2-10 U/ml). However, these conditions were not optimal for inducing the greatest cellular proliferation. In adoptive immunotherapy experiments, although the transfer of anti-CD3/IL-2-activated cells alone could mediate the regression of established metastases, the concomitant administration of IL-2 enhanced the in vivo activity of these cells. More importantly, tumor regression mediated by the anti-CD3/IL-2-activated cells was found to be immunologically specific. The specificity was determined by the tumor that stimulated the preeffector cell response. In spite of their in vivo antitumor effects, the anti-CD3/IL-2-activated tumor-draining LN cells did not exhibit detectable in vitro cytotoxicity against the tumor target in the 4-h 51Cr-release assay. In mice bearing progressive tumor, draining LN contained most preeffector cells. Some preeffector cells were also detected in the spleen whereas mesenteric LN did not demonstrate any reactivity. In kinetics studies, sensitization of preeffector cells in the draining LN occurred between 4 to 6 days after tumor inoculation. As the tumor progressed, the presence of preeffector cells declined gradually suggesting a tumor-induced suppression. These results define the conditions whereby tumor-draining LN cells could be stimulated, in the absence of tumor Ag, to develop into specific therapeutic effector cells. Our findings also raise the possibility of using similar approaches for isolating immune effector cells from cancer patients for adoptive immunotherapy.
SpSequenceNet: Semantic Segmentation Network on 4D Point Clouds (2020)

Point clouds are useful in many applications like autonomous driving and robotics as they provide natural 3D information of the surrounding environments. While there are extensive research on 3D point clouds, scene understanding on 4D point clouds, a series of consecutive 3D point clouds frames, is an emerging topic and yet under-investigated. With 4D point clouds (3D point cloud videos), robotic systems could enhance their robustness by leveraging the temporal information from previous frames. However, the existing semantic segmentation methods on 4D point clouds suffer from low precision due to the spatial and temporal information loss in their network structures. In this paper, we propose SpSequenceNet to address this problem. The network is designed based on 3D sparse convolution. And we introduce two novel modules, a cross-frame global attention module and a cross-frame local interpolation module, to capture spatial and temporal information in 4D point clouds. We conduct extensive experiments on SemanticKITTI, and achieve the state-of-the-art result of 43.1% on mIoU, which is 1.5% higher than the previous best approach.
La Real Academia de Medicina y Ciencias Afines de la Comunidad Valenciana, al servicio de la ciencia. (2010)

La Real Academia en la Comunidad Valenciana posee una doble
particularidad que la diferencian de las otras del territorio espanol: me refiero a la
multidisciplinaridad y tambien a su caracter comunitario adaptado a la actual distribucion en
Comunidades Autonomas de Espana, segun reza la Constitucion vigente.
La multidisciplinaridad nace del ambito cientifico que abarca la academia no solo ocupandose
de problemas de Medicina sino tambien de las ramas afines a la misma como es la Bioquimica,
Odontologia, Veterinaria, Psicologia y otras ramas de las ciencias de la salud. El caracter
comunitario se debe a la presencia de esta institucion en las tres provincias que forman el ente
politico geografico de la Comunidad incluyendo por ello no solo a Valencia, sino tambien a Castellon
y Alicante. Los 50 sillones disponibles en la Academia para los academicos de numero se ocupan
por distinguidos especialistas de todas estas ramas de las ciencias, con residencia en las tres
provincias. A ello se suman 230 academicos correspondientes y 18 academicos de honor tanto
nacionales como extranjeros. Todos ellos forman el cuerpo cientifico de la Academia.
Mechanisms of DNA Transposition (2015)

DNA transposases use a limited repertoire of structurally and mechanistically distinct nuclease domains to catalyze the DNA strand breaking and rejoining reactions that comprise DNA transposition. Here, we review the mechanisms of the four known types of transposition reactions catalyzed by (1) RNase H-like transposases (also known as DD(E/D) enzymes); (2) HUH single-stranded DNA transposases; (3) serine transposases; and (4) tyrosine transposases. The large body of accumulated biochemical and structural data, particularly for the RNase H-like transposases, has revealed not only the distinguishing features of each transposon family, but also some emerging themes that appear conserved across all families. The more-recently characterized single-stranded DNA transposases provide insight into how an ancient HUH domain fold has been adapted for transposition to accomplish excision and then site-specific integration. The serine and tyrosine transposases are structurally and mechanistically related to their cousins, the serine and tyrosine site-specific recombinases, but have to date been less intensively studied. These types of enzymes are particularly intriguing as in the context of site-specific recombination they require strict homology between recombining sites, yet for transposition can catalyze the joining of transposon ends to form an excised circle and then integration into a genomic site with much relaxed sequence specificity.
Circumvention of defective CD4 T helper cell function in HIV-infected individuals by stimulation with HLA alloantigens. (1990)

PBL from approximately 50% of asymptomatic individuals infected with HIV have been previously demonstrated to exhibit defective in vitro Th function that is selective for influenza A virus (FLU), but not for HLA alloantigens (ALLO). In this report, we have further studied HIV+ individuals with this selective Th defect, and demonstrate that defective in vitro CTL responses to FLU can be restored by costimulation with FLU + ALLO. In contrast, HIV+ patients who have lost Th responses to ALLO were unable to correct CTL responses to FLU by this costimulation procedure. These findings indicate that intact Th responses to ALLO can be used in vitro to provide Th signals necessary to activate the T effector cell response to a potential pathogenic virus. Our results raise the possibility that a program of in vivo coimmunization with ALLO plus antigens of potential pathogens (including HIV) can be useful in HIV+ patients exhibiting selective defects in Th function. Furthermore, this approach could be incorporated in vaccine trials aimed at enhancing immunity to HIV in patients who have been infected previously with this virus.
The Neurogenic Bowel (1975)

Incontinence of faecal matter through the anus is prevented by tonic contraction of the internal anal sphincter (smooth muscle) and the external anal sphincter (striated voluntary muscle).
Reaction of lithium alkyls with aldehydes and ketones. General study (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of lithium alkyls with aldehydes and ketones. General studyJerry D. BuhlerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 5, 904–906Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00945a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00945a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3296Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts