gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibody-based therapies as anti-infective agents (1998)

Antibody-based therapies are effective against a wide variety of pathogens. Historically, antibody-based therapies were largely abandoned with the advent of antimicrobial chemotherapy, due to the toxicity associated with the administration of heterologous immune sera. As a class, antibody-based therapies have significant advantages and disadvantages relative to conventional antimicrobial chemotherapy. Advantages include versatility, specificity, and antimicrobial activities not available in antibiotic drugs, such as toxin and viral neutralisation, opsonisation, complement activation and the enhancement of host immune function. Disadvantages include expense, the necessity for early and accurate diagnosis prior to use, and the complex logistics necessary for therapeutic use. Advances in antibody technology have minimised some of the disadvantages associated with antibody therapy. In recent years, the therapy of infectious diseases has been complicated by the emergence of new pathogens, the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains and the relative inefficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy in immunocompromised hosts. This has led to renewed interest in the utilisation of antibody-based therapies as anti-infectives. Many opportunities for developing antibody-based drugs now exist in areas where the available antimicrobial therapies are inadequate.
Human astrocytomas and glioblastomas express monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> (1994)

Expression of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was examined in human central nervous system tumours (glioblastomas and astrocytomas) and normal human brain. Northern blot analysis demonstrated constitutive expression of MCP-1 mRNA in 6 of 12 glioblastoma cell lines. Expression could be stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in all cell lines tested. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated secretion of both isoforms, MCP-1 alpha and -beta, of the MCP-1 protein. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis on tissues demonstrated MCP-1 mRNA expression in 17 of 17 glioblastomas, 3 of 6 anaplastic astrocytomas and 6 of 6 low-grade astrocytomas, as well as in fetal brain but not in normal adult brain. In situ hybridization on 2 glioblastomas and 1 low-grade astrocytoma indicates that neoplastic astrocytes and endothelial cells express MCP-1 mRNA in vivo. Moreover, tumour cyst fluids of glioblastomas and astrocytomas were able to induce monocyte chemoattraction in an in vitro assay. This chemotactic activity was specifically neutralized by anti-MCP-1 antibodies in 9 of 10 samples, further demonstrating the production of bioactive MCP-1 in vivo and supporting an important role for this factor in the infiltration of monocytes/macrophages into tumour tissue.
A Transaction-Oriented Workflow Activity Model (1994)

The combination of workflow systems and database management systems significantly facilitates the design and reliable management of complex business processes. In this paper we present a high-level workflow activity description language and an advanced transaction mechanism to design long running activities. The strength of our model is the simplicity of the language and the application independent transaction facility which supports highly concurrent and reliable execution of workflow activities. 1 Introduction Workflow technology is becoming more and more important for organizations to improve their productivity and competitive position through support, automation and reengineering of business processes (e.g. order processing, manufacturing, etc.). A Workflow Management System provides procedural automation of a business process by management of the sequence of work activities and the invocation of appropriate human and/or information technology (IT) resources. The Workflow Managemen...
[Clinicopathologic analysis of rhinoscleroma]. (2001)

Cellular immunity function of the patient with rhinoscleroma was depressed and the response to immunization of host which regards to KR was the major cause of tissue injury.
The Glycosylation of the Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin by Mammalian Cells (1997)

We have characterized the glycans at individual sites on the hemagglutinin of three influenza A variants to obtain information on the role of cell-specific glycosylation in determining the receptor binding properties of this virus. The variants differ in whether they have a glycosylation site at residue 129 on the tip of the hemagglutinin and whether amino acid 184 (near to the receptor binding site) is His or Asn. We found that all sites on each variant are glycosylated in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells, that the glycosylation is site-specific, and that the glycans at the same site in each variant are highly similar. One site that is buried in the hemagglutinin trimer contains only oligomannose glycans. The remaining sites carry complex glycans of increasing size as the distance of the site from the viral membrane decreases. Most of these complex glycans are terminated with alpha-galactose residues, a consequence in bovine cells of the removal of terminal sialic acids by the viral neuraminidase. Although the glycans at residue 129 are among the smallest on the molecule, they are large enough to reach the receptor binding pocket on their own and adjacent monomers. The results suggest that the reduction in receptor binding observed with Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell-grown virus is due to the combined effect of large complex glycans at the tip of the hemagglutinin and a His to Asn substitution close to the receptor binding pocket.
C (1984)

CAC (cognitive–affective–conative). One of two basic attitude models. See ATTITUDE. (MJB)
Production and characterization of Moraxella bovis hemolysin. (1977)

<p>Reinforced concrete structures have constantly become more safe and durable over the past century and the materials properties have improved tremendously, but the design and construction method have not changed much over time. Concrete structures face a series of challenges like a new degree of freedom for architecture, sustainability, health, increased productivity and a better integration to BIM models. 3D Concrete printing has the potential to meet these demands, although it is not clear yet which type of structures will benefit most from this additive type of manufacturing. However, in order to explore the benefits, the first task of research is to make the print process robust. This is needed since the load bearing capacity of a structure depends on the design and the printing strategy. Besides, the issue of a lack of reinforcing steel must be solved to ensure safe structures, for example by developing new and ductile types of concrete.</p>
Characterization of a flight control computer with rollback recovery (2002)

The design and development of a closed-loop system to study and evaluate the performance of a recoverable computer system (RCS) in high intensity electromagnetic environments (EME) is presented. A linearized model of the B737 autoland sequence running in real-time was chosen for this study, with the RCS executing the autopilot control laws and a personal computer (PC) running a model of the B737 aircraft. A Windows-based software package running on the PC was developed to handle the communication of data and commands between the RCS and the flight simulation. A MATLAB simulation model was used to analyze the recovery technique and determine potential performance improvements by proper selection of the recovery mechanism parameters. The performance results of the RCS and characteristics of its upset recovery scheme while exercising flight control laws under ideal conditions as well as in the presence of electromagnetic fields are also discussed.
Motion recognition based on a three-axis accelerometer (2013)

Elderly people who are living alone may suffer an amount of security risks in daily life. Therefore, it is obviously important for elderly people to conduct the motion recognition and the emergent situation detection with an alarm. This paper discusses a novel method of body motion classification using horizontal and vertical acceleration variance as a threshold. The signal from a three-axis accelerometer has been analyzed with a time window of 0.5 second. Every 0.5 second data corresponds to a specific classification result. The experimental results show that this method has high recognition accuracy, and it can be used for classification of most daily actions.
Capturing hand tremors with a fuzzy logic wheelchair joystick controller (1999)

We have designed and built a fuzzy logic wheelchair controller which minimizes the effect of Multiple Sclerosis and tremors. The aim of our project has been to give people with Multiple Sclerosis better control of an electric wheelchair by removing tremors from the joystick signal. The system intercepts the signal from the joystick and then passes it through the fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic identify and eliminate erratic or movements, employing a history mechanism to determine what unusual is. The fuzzy logic than outputs a signal which closely represents the intent of the user. This paper reports on the experiments conducted with our prototype wheelchair, using test volunteers with MS, as well as on the design of a new fuzzy controller. Also, we give a brief overview of the variety of recorded tremors. We show that those who have the most severe MS tremors benefit from the system, and are able to control the wheelchair safely.
MUSSA: Land Use Model for Santiago City (1996)

MUSSA is a land use model developed to interact with the Santiago four-stage transport model called ESTRAUS. It was developed as an application of the BID-CHOICE theory of the competitive urban land market, where land rents are endogenous and consistent with equilibrium conditions, including land availability and developers' behavior. Interaction with transport occurs through economic access measures obtained from the ESTRAUS model; in turn, MUSSA provides the locations of activities (households and firms). Total activity volumes and population forecasts are exogenously provided by a region input-output model. The whole system interacts through a central data base with a graphic interface (geographic information system) under Windows. MUSSA is able to forecast location choices of 65 household clusters into 264 zones and six dwelling types plus five firm types allocated to lot sizes; residents and firms compete for the available land. It is a fully disaggregated behavioral location model that is applied in a static equilibrium approach. The package and the model are presented; its capacities and limitations, data requirements, software, and outputs are described; and some performance indexes are presented.
Natural resources valuation in the system of national accounts: Statistical calculation challenges and experience (2006)

The concept and application of the rent-based method of valuation of natural resources in the system of national accounts are discussed. The untenability of direct transfer of the bookkeeping method, which for all intents and purposes underlies the formation of the SNA balance of nonfinancial assets, to the domain of macrostatistical measurements is demonstrated.
Remote Seminars through Multimedia Conferencing: Experiences from the MICE project (1994)

The aim of the MICE project is to pilot multimedia interworking between European researchers, using a heterogeneous hardware platform and existing network facilities. Part of the project brief was to assess cost and benefit of providing a regular multimedia conferencing service for research collaboration, and provide recommendations for the deployment and use of such systems in future. In order to gain gain hands-on experience of both running and using such a service, MICE partners started a distributed International Research Seminar Series, in which researchers and students could participate. Speakers and audiences participated from conference rooms and workstations at MICE partner sites, and increasingly at other remote sites in Europe, the US and Australia. Observations, recordings and comments provided data on which the cost-benefit analysis and recommendations for such a service are based. I. Introduction The aim of the MICE (Multimedia Integrated Conferencing for Europe) project,...
ChemInform Abstract: HIGHER ISOPRENOIDS. V. PARTIAL SYNTHESES FROM CYCLOARTENOL, CYCLOLAUDENOL. PART 1. MANGIFEROLIC ACID, AMBOLIC ACID (1977)

Abstract 1. Ausgehend von Cycloartenol bzw. seinem Acetat (I) wird über den Aldehyd (II) Magniferolsäure (III) synthetisiert.
The Overview Effect: The Impact of Space Exploration on the Evolution of Nursing Science (1992)

The purpose of this article is to explore the overview effect, an experience evoked by space travel that has the capacity to transform all patterns of human existence and evolution toward greater potentials in human diversity and creativity. As nurses migrate with humanity into the solar system and beyond, they will experience the overview effect. The core components of the effect include changed perceptions of space, time, sound, and weight which have the potential to transform the evolution of nursing science. Nursing paradigms will encompass a view of humanity as integral with an infinite evolutionary universe. After generations of living in space in a diversity of new environments, the physical body will undergo radical changes, and the meaning of health will be transformed. The article concludes with a discussion on the parallels between Rogers' science of unitary human beings and the overview effect.
Acemannan hydrogel dressing versus saline dressing for pressure ulcers. A randomized, controlled trial. (1998)

Aloe vera has been used for centuries as a topical treatment for various conditions and as a cathartic. An amorphous hydrogel dressing derived from the aloe plant (Carrasyn Gel Wound Dressing, Carrington Laboratories, Inc., Irving, TX) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the management of Stages I through IV pressure ulcers. To evaluate effectiveness of this treatment, 30 patients were randomized to receive either daily topical application of the hydrogel study dressing (acemannan hydrogel wound dressing) or a moist saline gauze dressing. Complete healing of the study ulcer occurred in 19 of 30 subjects (63%) during the 10-week observation period. No difference was observed in complete healing between the experimental and the control groups (odds ratio 0.93, 95% CI 0.16, 5.2). This study indicates that the acemannan hydrogel dressing is as effective as, but is not superior to, a moist saline gauze wound dressing for the management of pressure ulcers.
Predicting Drug-Target Interaction Networks Based on Functional Groups and Biological Features (2010)

Our results indicate that the network prediction system thus established is quite promising and encouraging.
A semi-empirical method of absorption correction (1968)

An extension of Furnas's method is described. The variation of intensity of an axial reflection as the crystal is rotated about the goniometer axis is used to give a curve of relative transmission T against azimuthal angle ϕ for the corresponding reciprocal lattice level. Transmission coefficients for any general reflexion hkl are then given approximately by T(hkl) = [T(ϕinc) + T(ϕret)]/2 where ϕinc and ϕret are the azimuthal angles of the incident and reflected beams. Equations are derived for (ϕinc and ϕret and the accuracy of the method is discussed.
Performance and Characterization of New Micromachined High-Frequency Linear Arrays (2006)

A new approach for fabricating high frequency (> 20 MHz) linear array transducers, based on laser micromachining, has been developed. A 30 MHz, 64-element, 74-microm pitch, linear array design is presented. The performance of the device is demonstrated by comparing electrical and acoustic measurements with analytical, equivalent circuit, and finite-element analysis (FEA) simulations. All FEA results for array performance have been generated using one global set of material parameters. Each fabricated array has been integrated onto a flex circuit for ease of handling, and the flex has been integrated onto a custom printed circuit board test card for ease of testing. For a fully assembled array, with an acoustic lens, the center frequency was 28.7 MHz with a one-way -3 dB and -6 dB bandwidth of 59% and 83%, respectively, and a -20 dB pulse width of -99 ns. The per-element peak acoustic power, for a +/- 30 V single cycle pulse, measured at the 10 mm focal length of the lens was 590 kPa with a -6 dB directivity span of about 30 degrees. The worst-case total cross talk of the combined array and flex assembly is for nearest neighboring elements and was measured to have an average level -40 dB across the -6 dB bandwidth of the device. Any significant deviation from simulation can be explained through limitations in apparatus calibration and in device packaging.
Locked intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures. Implant design, surgical technique, and clinical results (1994)

We report our experience with a modified implant and a new technique for locked intramedullary nailing of the humerus in 41 patients. Locking was by cross-screws placed from lateral to medial in the proximal humerus, and anteroposteriorly in the distal humerus. Early in the series, 11 nails were inserted at the shoulder, but we found that rehabilitation was faster after retrograde nailing through the olecranon fossa, which was used for the other 30. We used a closed technique for 29 of the nailings. Of the 41 patients treated, 21 had acute fractures, five had nonunion, and 15 had pathological fractures. Secure fixation was obtained for comminuted and osteoporotic fractures in any part of the humeral shaft, which allowed the early use of crutches and walking frames. Two nails were locked at only one end, and one of these became the only failure of union after an acute fracture.
Computational design of orthogonal ribosomes (2008)

Orthogonal ribosomes (o-ribosomes), also known as specialized ribosomes, are able to selectively translate mRNA not recognized by host ribosomes. As a result, they are powerful tools for investigating translational regulation and probing ribosome structure. To date, efforts directed towards engineering o-ribosomes have involved random mutagenesis-based approaches. As an alternative, we present here a computational method for rationally designing o-ribosomes in bacteria. Working under the assumption that base-pair interactions between the 16S rRNA and mRNA serve as the primary mode for ribosome binding and translational initiation, the algorithm enumerates all possible extended recognition sequences for 16S rRNA and then chooses those candidates that: (i) have a similar binding strength to their target mRNA as the canonical, wild-type ribosome/mRNA pair; (ii) do not bind mRNA with the wild-type, canonical Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and (iii) minimally interact with host mRNA irrespective of whether a recognizable SD sequence is present. In order to test the algorithm, we experimentally characterized a number of computationally designed o-ribosomes in Escherichia coli.
Photoluminescence of Cr-Doped CaTi<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1970)

At 4 and 77 K, photoluminescence from nominally undoped and 0.0025% Cr-doped CaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ shows identical spectra in the infrared with an intensity ratio of 1:2. The emission is attributed to the $^{2}E\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{4}A_{2}$ transition of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ ion at a ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{4+}$ site. At 4 K it consists of a single no-phonon line at 1.744 eV of half-width 1.5 meV and a complex vibronic spectrum which is anomalously intense. Data at 77 K show a 2-meV splitting of the $^{2}E$ state. The absorption spectrum of CaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$:Cr is dominated by a "background absorption" by unknown defects. From the coincidence of the excitation spectrum with the absorption spectrum, we conclude that the excitation is dominated by absorption by these unknown defects which transfer energy into ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$. In undoped CaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ a single-exponential decay of the emission is reported, with decay time 700 \ensuremath{\mu}sec. In CaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$:0.0025% Cr, on the other hand, two exponentials with decay times 700 \ensuremath{\mu}sec and 11 msec were observed. The former is assigned to ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$, the latter to the time of energy transfer from defects responsible for the background absorption to the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$. We also report a visible emission consisting of a broad structureless band centered at 2.7 eV, with half-width 0.7 eV. Presumably, it is recombination radiation caused by the recombination of a free charge carrier with a trapped charge at an unknown defect. Its excitation spectrum gives a band gap for CaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ of 3.70 eV at 4 K.
Water Oscillation in an Open Tube (2008)

When an open tube is placed in a tank of water, covered on top, raised, and then uncovered, the water inside the tube will oscillate. The characteristics of the oscillation of the water inside the tube were studied. It was shown that, for large oscillations, the top half-period was longer than the bottom half period due to the increased mass of the water column. For small oscillations, it approached simple harmonic motion, with the square of the period varying with mean length, as predicted by theory. An end correction was also shown to exist, due to the motion of the water outside the bottom of the tube during the oscillation. The end correction was shown to be independent of the mean length of the water column, as predicted