gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Magnetic Resonance Angiography with Blood-pool Agents (2007)

In recent years, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the peripheral vascular tree has evolved into a widely available and valuable technique in the diagnostic and pre-interventional work-up of patients with peripheral arterial disease.
On the correlation between the water diffusion coefficient and oxygen tension in RIF‐1 tumors (1998)

Water diffusion-coefficient mapping was used in conjunction with 19F inversion-recovery echo-planar imaging (IR-EPI) of a sequestered perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsion to investigate the spatial correlation between the diffusion coefficient of water and the tissue oxygen tension (pO2) in radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF-1) tumors (n = 11). The diffusion-time-dependent apparent diffusion coefficient, D(t), was determined by acquiring diffusion coefficient maps at 20 different diffusion times. Maps at four representative time points in different regions of the D(t) curve were selected for final analysis. An intravenously administered PFC emulsion, perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether, was used to generate the pO2 maps. D(t) and pO2 data were acquired with the animal breathing either air or carbogen (95% O2 – 5% CO2) to investigate the effects of increased tumor pO2 on D(t). The average increase in tumor pO2 was 22 torr when the breathing gas was changed from air to carbogen. Correlation plots generated from pixel data for D(t) (air breathing) vs D(t) (carbogen breathing) show little deviation from a slope of unity. Correlation plots of D(t) vs pO2 indicate that no correlation is present between these two parameters. This study also confirmed that necrotic tissue was best differentiated from viable tumor tissue based on D(t) maps at long diffusion times. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficacy of Electron Beam for Viral Inactivation (2015)

The utility of electron beam as a physical approach for viral inactivation has been investigated to a limited extent, particularly for food safety and for applications for which other irradiation approaches such as gamma irradiation have produced unsatisfactory results or adverse impacts on the irradiated material. Viral inactivation by electron beam and gamma irradiation is mechanistically similar, though dose rate and penetrability into the irradiated material differ between the two approaches. In this paper, we have summarized the available data on the efficacy of electron beam for viral inactivation and the few studies that have directly compared the efficacy of electron beam and gamma irradiation for viral inactivation.
Optical Properties and Exciton Dynamics of Alloyed Core/Shell/Shell Cd<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Zn<sub><i>x</i></sub>Se/ZnSe/ZnS Quantum Dots (2013)

In this study we introduce a new method for the one-pot synthesis of core/shell/shell alloyed Cd1-xZnxSe/ZnSe/ZnS QDs and examine the effect of the shell coating on the optical properties and exciton dynamics of the alloy core. The photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield is greatly enhanced after shell growth, from 9.6% to 63%. The exciton dynamics were studied by time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) and fit using integrated singular value decomposition global fitting (i-SVD-GF), which showed the biexponential observed lifetimes on the nanosecond time scale remain the same after shell growth. Using ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy and SVD-GF, we have determined that surface passivation by ZnSe and ZnSe/ZnS shells reduces nonradiative recombination primarily on the picosecond time scale. These findings are helpful in directing the development of the next generation of QDs for biological labeling and other applications.
AtaA, a New Member of the Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins from Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 Mediating High Adhesiveness to Various Abiotic Surfaces (2012)

Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 exhibits an autoagglutinating nature and noteworthy adhesiveness to various abiotic surfaces from hydrophobic plastics to hydrophilic glass and stainless steel. Although previous studies have suggested that bacterionanofibers on Tol 5 cells are involved in the adhesive phenotype of Tol 5, the fiber that directly mediates Tol 5 adhesion has remained unknown. Here, we present a new member of trimeric autotransporter adhesins designated AtaA, which we discovered by analyzing a less adhesive mutant of Tol 5, T1, obtained by transposon mutagenesis. AtaA forms thinner and shorter nanofibers than fimbriae on Tol 5 cells. We performed target disruption of ataA by allelic marker exchange, and the resulting ΔataA strain was complemented with ataA on the Escherichia coli-Acinetobacter shuttle vector, which was newly constructed. These results proved that AtaA is essential for Tol 5's autoagglutinating nature and high adhesiveness to surfaces of various materials. In addition, the adhesiveness to solid surfaces mediated by AtaA is notably higher than that mediated by YadA of Yersinia enterocolitica WA-314. Moreover, and importantly, these characteristics can be conferred to the non-adhesive, non-agglutinating bacterium Acinetobacter sp. ADP1 in trans by transformation with ataA, with expected applications to microbial immobilization.
Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography (2004)

Preface.1. Introduction (Robert L. Grob).PART I: THEORY AND BASICS.2. Theory of Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob).3. Columns: Packed and Capillary Column Selection in Gas Chromatography (Eugene F. Barry).4. Optimization of Separations and Computer Assistance (John V. Hinshaw).5. High-Speed Gas Chromatography (Richard D. Sacks).PART II: TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION.6. Detectors in Modern Gas Chromatography (Luis A. Colon and Lisa J. Baird).7. Techniques for Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (John A. Masucci and Gary W. Caldwell).8. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis by Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob and Mary A. Kaiser).9. Inlet Systems for Gas Chromatography (Nicholas H. Snow).10. Gas Management Systems for Gas Chromatography (Reginald J. Bartram).PART III: APPLICATIONS.11. Sample Preparation Techniques for Gas Chromatography (Nicholas H. Snow and Gregory C. Slack).12. Physicochemical Measurements by Gas Chromatography (Mary A. Kaiser and Cecil R. Dybowski).13. Petroleum and Petrochemical Analysis by Gas Chromatography (Edward F. Smith, Mark E. Craig, and Clifford C. Walters).14. Clinical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography (Juan G. Alvarez).15. Environmental Applications of Gas Chromatography (John L. Snyder).16. Forensic Science Applications of Gas Chromatography (Thomas A. Brettell).17. Validation and QA/QC of Gas Chromatographic Methods (Thomas A. Brettell and Richard E. Lester).APPENDIXES.Appendix A. Effect of Detector Attenuation Change and Chart Speed on Peak Height, Peak Width, and Peak Area (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).Appendix B. Gas Chromatographic Acronyms and Symbols and Their Definitions (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).Appendix C. Useful Hints for Gas Chromatography (Robert L. Grob and Eugene F. Barry).INDEX.
Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis by Inducing Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells via Activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (2010)

Purpose. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been identified as a regulator of CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T-cell (T(reg)) and Th17 cell differentiation in mice, and activation of AHR by its ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces functional T(reg) cells. In this study, the authors examined whether the AHR-mediated effect of TCDD suppresses mouse experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) by inducing T(reg) cell differentiation. Methods. C57BL/6 mice were injected with TCDD 1 day before immunization with human interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein peptide 1-20 (hIRBP-p), and the severity of EAU was assessed clinically and histopathologically. Immunologic responses of draining lymph node cells and splenocytes to hIRBP-p and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) were assessed by T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, differentiation of Foxp3(+) T cells and their immunosuppressive roles in TCDD-injected mice were evaluated. Results. TCDD injection increased Foxp3(+) T cells in the lymph nodes and in the spleen. Development of EAU was completely suppressed by TCDD injection, and suppression was abolished by treatment with anti-CD25 mAb before TCDD injection. Both lymphocytes and splenocytes obtained from TCDD-injected mice immunized with hIRBP-p failed to produce IFN-gamma and IL-17 on stimulation with hIRBP-p, and the failure of IL-17 production was observed even when stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb. However, this protocol did not interfere with IL-10 production and T-cell proliferation response when assessed on stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb. Conclusions. Activation of AHR by TCDD markedly suppressed autoimmune uveoretinitis through mechanisms that expand CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T(reg) cells and interfere with the activation of Th1 and Th17 cells.
Perturbation theory of output feedback pole assignment (1988)

Perturbation theory for output feedback eigenstructure assignment is considered. The analysis is based on general conditions for eigenstructure assignment, together with the well-known perturbation theory for the pseudo-inverse of a matrix. This enables us to present a variety of sensitivity analyses for this problem and to indicate some precautions when choosing eigenvectors in the pole assignment problem.
Gasoline Particulate Filter Efficiency and Backpressure at Very Low Mileage (2018)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The need for gasoline particulate filter (GPF) technology is expected to grow with increasingly tight particle emissions standards being implemented in US, EU, China and elsewhere. Derived from the successful experience with diesel particulate filters (DPF), GPFs adopted the characteristic alternately plugged honeycomb structure that provides a large area of porous cordierite wall for filtering particles with minimal additional backpressure. However, unlike DPFs, continuous soot regeneration in GPFs makes it difficult to grow and sustain the soot cake on the filter wall that gives DPFs their high filtration efficiency. Therefore, filtration performance of low mileage GPFs relies heavily on the porous structure of filter media, which depends on both the substrate and the applied washcoat. In this work, a blank, two fresh washcoated filters and two washcoated filters with 3000 km mileage accumulation were characterized to compare their filtration performance. Particle number and mass filtration efficiency and pressure losses of filters with and without soot loading were measured on an aerosol test bench, and the results are compared with findings from engine dynamometer tests. Compared with blank filters, washcoated filters in this study generally had lower filtration efficiency and higher backpressure when clean, but efficiency increased when loaded with small amounts of soot (~20 mg/L or less). Ash collected during mileage accumulation improved the efficiency significantly, with only a mild backpressure increase. The mechanisms leading to the observed trends in filtration efficiency and backpressure are discussed.</div></div>
Poly(anthrylenetrimethylene) and 9,10‐Bridged Anthracenes by Reductive Alkylation (1986)

Polymers 1 with anthracene units or bridged anthracenes 2 are obtainable from anthracene carbanions and 1,n-dibromoalkanes. The carbanion 3, which has both electrophilic as well as nucleophilic properties, functions as key intermediate.
Optimization of Periprosthetic Culture for Diagnosis of Propionibacterium acnes Prosthetic Joint Infection (2011)

Propionibacterium acnes is increasingly recognized as an important agent of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, the optimum culture conditions for recovery of this organism from PJI specimens have not been determined. By applying a prolonged 28-day culture incubation to all periprosthetic specimens received for bacterial culture from 198 revision arthroplasty procedures, we retrospectively determined that a 13-day culture incubation period is necessary for the recovery of P. acnes from patients with PJI. Incubation beyond this period was associated with increasing recovery of nondiagnostic isolates: 21.7% of P. acnes isolates believed to be clinically unimportant were recovered after 13 days of incubation. Importantly, a diagnosis of P. acnes PJI would have been missed in 29.4% of patients had extended culture incubation been applied only to anaerobic culture media. Although specimens from P. acnes PJIs were more commonly associated with the presence of ≥ 2 culture media positive for growth, acute inflammation (≥ 5 neutrophils/high-power field) was observed in only 40% of patients with PJIs that had more than one specimen submitted for bacterial culture. These results support the need for a minimum culture incubation period of 13 days to be applied to both aerobic and anaerobic culture media for all periprosthetic specimens. Optimal recovery of infecting organisms from PJI specimens will be an important component in generating a universal definition for PJI due to indolent agents of infection, such as P. acnes.
Design of 500 kV pulse transformers using magnetic insulation (2005)

Magnetic insulation is the only practical form of insulation for much of the equipment used in ultrahigh voltage pulsed-power work, including high power transmission lines and plasma opening switches. However, while its adoption in transformers would bring important advantages in both size and weight, a number of seemingly insurmountable problems have so far prevented this. This paper outlines the detailed design of a spiral strip-wound high voltage transformer in which these problems have been overcome. When manufacture is complete it will be the first working high-power transformer using magnetic insulation. Both two-dimensional filamentary modelling and ANSYS® finite-element software are used in the design and in providing detailed predictions of the transformer characteristics. (4 pages)
Connection-oriented routing in ad hoc networks based on dynamic group infrastructure (2002)

An ad hoc network is formed by a group of mobile hosts communicating over wireless channels. Such a network operates without any fixed network interaction and centralized administration. For the network environment is highly dynamic, the established routing paths are so fragile to maintain stable communication, especially the connection-oriented communications are quite difficult to be maintained. In our approach, the network infrastructure is initially constructed by several communication groups, which are called the dynamic group infrastructure. This paper proposes the group-level connection maintenance based on the dynamic group infrastructure to implement connection-oriented routing. Our approach enhances the routing robustness of connection-oriented communications. The simulation results show that this routing approach under such a construction outperforms the previous works in message complexity for connection-oriented communications.
DataTube4log: A Visual Tool for Mining Multi-threaded Software Logs (2014)

In this paper we study a 3D tubular visualization of software activity log data, with the aim of supporting multithreaded software development and debugging. We consider an existing visualization called Datatube2 that has already been used to help various domain experts in the analysis of large amounts of time-dependent data. Since software logs are also time series, DataTube2 has been enhanced to support the specific data and tasks that are currently found in debugging, yielding to a specific visualization that we called DataTube4log. In this visualization, each line in the tube is devoted to the activity of a thread. Dependencies between threads are materialized with arrows. Synchronization objects are also represented. Using a real dataset, we show how a domain expert has solved a debugging problem. In this experiment, we found that DataTube4log can be easily learned and adopted, and that the ability of the tube to efficiently render an overview of large time series was beneficial to the software engineer.
Importance of a conserved TCR J α-encoded tyrosine for T cell recognition of an HLA B27/ peptide complex (1998)

Human HLA B27-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for the influenza A epitope NP383-391 use similar TCR alpha and beta chains, with two closely related J alpha segments used by six of nine CTL clones from three unrelated donors (Bowness et al., Eur J. Immunol. 1993. 23: 1417-1421). The role of TCR complementarity-determining region (CDR)3alpha residues 93 and 100-102 was examined by site-directed mutagenesis, following expression of the TCR alpha and beta extracellular domains from one clone as a TCR zeta fusion heterodimer in rat basophil leukemia (RBL) cells. For the first time we have measured direct binding of tetrameric HLA B*2705/NP383-391 complexes to transfected TCR. Independently peptide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells (APC) were used to induce TCR-mediated degranulation of RBL transfectants. Our results show a key role for the conserved TCRalpha CDR3 J alpha-encoded residue Y102 in recognition of HLA B27/NP383-391. Thus the Y102D mutation abolished both tetramer binding and degranulation in the presence of peptide-pulsed APC. Even the Y102F mutation, differing only by a single hydroxyl group from the native TCR, abolished detectable degranulation. Further mutations F93A and S100R also abolished recognition. Interestingly, the N101A mutation recognized HLA B27/NP in functional assays despite having significantly reduced tetramer binding, a finding consistent with "kinetic editing" models of T cell activation. Modeling of the GRb TCR CDR3alpha loop suggests that residue Y102 contacts the HLA B*2705 alpha1 helix. It is thus possible that selection of germ-line TCRAJ-encoded residues at position 102 may be MHC driven.
Identification and Cloning of a New Calmodulin-like Protein from Human Epidermis (2000)

After separating by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis an extract of total proteins from human stratum corneum, two spots were extracted and analyzed for their peptide sequence. The resulting internal protein sequences provided evidence for the identification of a new calcium-binding protein. Cloning of the corresponding full-length cDNA was achieved by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using two keratinocyte libraries, one from proliferating cultured keratinocytes and one from differentiated keratinocytes of reconstructed human epidermis. The cDNA had an open reading frame encoding a new calcium-binding protein of 146 amino acids, a member of the calmodulin family. We named this new protein calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP), since reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction studies of CLSP expression in 10 different human tissues revealed that this protein was particularly abundant in the epidermis where its expression is directly related to keratinocyte differentiation. Expression of the cloned cDNA in Escherichia coli yielded a recombinant protein which allowed its further characterization. rCLSP is able to bind calcium, and similarly to calmodulin, exposes thereafter hydrophobic parts which most likely interact with target proteins. Epidermal proteins retained by CaM affinity column are quantitatively and qualitatively distinct from those of the rCLSP column. Sequencing of a rCLSP affinity purified protein revealed 100% identity with transglutaminase 3, a key enzyme in terminal differentiation, indicating an important role of CLSP in this process.
<i>Glow Discharge Processes: Sputtering and Plasma Etching</i> (1981)

Gases. Gas Phase Collision Processes. Plasmas. DC Glow Discharges. RF Discharges. Sputtering. Plasma Etching. Appendices. Index.
Robot vision tracking system (1988)

A system designed to test a tracking theory for finding the position of an object in a scene, even when it is entering or exiting, is described. The design of a servo system used to move the camera while tracking the object is proposed. The technique involves the fundamental frequency of the Fourier transform of the vertical and horizontal projections of the image. This technique will work with stationary or moving objects as well as with a stationary or moving camera. The objective is to apply this technique to find the line between the camera and the object, such that the robot arm could follow that line until it encountered the object, and then seize it. This technique may also be useful in performing camera calibration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tactile C fibers and their contributions to pleasant sensations and to tactile allodynia (2014)

In humans converging evidence indicates that affective aspects of touch are signaled by low threshold mechanoreceptive C tactile (CT) afferents. Analyses of electrophysiological recordings, psychophysical studies in denervated subjects, and functional brain imaging, all indicate that CT primary afferents contribute to pleasant touch and provide an important sensory underpinning of social behavior. Considering both these pleasant and social aspects of gentle skin-to-skin contact, we have put forward a framework within which to consider CT afferent coding properties and pathways-the CT affective touch hypothesis. Recent evidence from studies in mice suggests that CTs, when activated, may have analgesic or anxiolytic effects. However, in neuropathic pain conditions, light touch can elicit unpleasant sensations, so called tactile allodynia. In humans, tactile allodynia is associated with reduced CT mediated hedonic touch processing suggesting loss of the normally analgesic effect of CT signaling. We thus propose that the contribution of CT afferents to tactile allodynia is mainly through a loss of their normally pain inhibiting role.
Like Eve, like Adam: msl in Gen 3,16 (1991)

La traduction « il dominera sur toi » represente mal la relation de l'homme a son epouse telle qu'elle est decrite par la bible hebraique. La racine msl peut signifier « dominer », « se moquer », mais aussi « etre comme ». D'apres le contexte, « etre comme » est possible et meme probable. Les objections linguistiques ne tiennent pas a l'examen. Adam et Eve se ressemblent l'un l'autre plutot que d'etre dans une relation de dominant a domine
Novel characterization of MHC class II-negative population of resident corneal Langerhans cell-type dendritic cells. (2002)

The present study demonstrates for the first time the phenotype and distribution of MHC class II-negative LCs in the murine corneal epithelium. In the inflamed cornea, the LCs become activated as reflected by expression of B7 costimulatory markers. These changes in activation markers may provide additional information for devising novel immunomodulatory strategies.