gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Promoter Region of the Human Transferrin Receptor Gene (1988)

Genomic DNA fragments corresponding to the promoter region of the human transferrin receptor were linked to either the full-length receptor cDNA or to the bacterial enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. These constructs were transfected into mouse and human cells, respectively. Gene expression was monitored 40-48 hours after transfection. Bal31 exonuclease was employed to produce 5' to 3' deletions of the promoter region. Deletion of DNA between -86 and -70 upstream of the receptor's mRNA start site resulted in a greater than 80% reduction in apparent promoter activity. DNA sequencing of the 150 bp upstream of the start site revealed that the promoter region contained several sequence elements more than 90% homologous to the consensus sequence for binding of the transcription factor Sp1. In addition, an 11 bp sequence identical to a segment of the enhancers of polyoma virus and adenovirus was located between -80 and -70. Internal deletions confirmed that this enhancer homologue was critical for full promoter activity. A 66 bp fragment encompassing the -80/-70 element augmented gene expression when the fragment was placed in either orientation upstream of the remainder of the transferrin receptor promoter.
Improving the economic value of photographic screening for optical coherence tomography-detectable macular oedema: a prospective, multicentre, UK study (2013)

This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 17, No. 51. See the HTA programme website for further project information.
Integrating volume visualization techniques into medical applications (2008)

One of the main obstacles in integrating 3D volume visualization in the clinical workflow is the time-consuming process of adjusting parameters such as viewpoint, transfer functions, and clipping planes required to generate a diagnostically relevant image. Current applications therefore make scarce use of volume rendering and instead primarily employ 2D views generated through standard techniques such as multi-planar reconstruction (MPR). However, in many cases 3D renditions can supply additional useful information. This paper discusses ongoing work which aims to improve the integration of 3D visualization into the diagnostic workflow by automatically generating meaningful renditions based on minimal user interaction. A method for automatically generating 3D views for structures in 2D slices based on a single picking interaction is presented.
Fermentation of hemicellulosic sugars and sugar mixtures by <i>Candida shehatae</i> (1988)

In the experiments described here, batchwise fermentations were employed with Candida shehatae cells induced by growth on either glucose or xylose, and fermentation kinetic constants were determined. Results show that ethanol production rates were higher with xylose-grown inocula than with glucose-grown inocula. This comparison held true for all of the combinations of glucose and xylose tested. The ethanol production rate was highest for a fermentation of 6% xylose supplemented with 3% glucose by xylose-grown inoculum. The next highest rates were obtained with the fermentation of pure glucose and the glucose-xylose mixture by xylose-grown inoculum. Ethanol yields did not appear to be greatly affected by the sugars tested. The rates of mannose, glucose, xylose, galactose, and L-arabinose utilization by xylose-grown inocula were determined in a separate experiment. Mannose (6%) was used at a higher rate than any of the other sugars tested. Mannose also showed the highest rate of ethanol production. Most of the mannose taken up, however, could not be accounted for in the ethanol produced, so it is possible that significant amounts of mannitol were formed. The D-galactose was fermented at a significantly lower rate than glucose, xylose, or mannose. The L-arabinose was not consumed. The ethanol fermentation rate more » observed was much lower with an autoclaved acid hydrolysate than with the conditioned hydrolysate or a mixture of individual sugars. Contacting the hydrolysate with cells for an extended period of time prior to autoclaving greatly improved fermentability, but this strain of C. shehatae was still very susceptible to inhibition by components in the hydrolysate (Table III). « less
Transition Metal Alkane Complexes<sup>†</sup> (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition Metal Alkane Complexes†Chris Hall and Robin N. PerutzView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of York YO1 5DD, U.K. Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 8, 3125–3146Publication Date (Web):December 19, 1996Publication History Received8 April 1996Revised5 September 1996Published online19 December 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr9502615https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9502615research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3832Altmetric-Citations455LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Ions,Metals,Photodissociation,Transition metals Get e-Alerts
A Nested Extreme Response Surface Approach for Time-Dependent Reliability-Based Design Optimization (2012)

A primary concern in practical engineering design is ensuring high system reliability throughout a product's lifecycle, which is subject to time-variant operating conditions and component deteriorations. Thus, the capability of dealing with time-dependent probabilistic constraints in reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is of vital importance in practical engineering design applications. This paper presents a nested extreme response surface (NERS) approach to efficiently carry out time-dependent reliability analysis and determine the optimal designs. This approach employs the kriging model to build a nested response surface of time corresponding to the extreme value of the limit state function. The efficient global optimization (EGO) technique is integrated with the NERS approach to extract the extreme time responses of the limit state function for any given system design. An adaptive response prediction and model maturation (ARPMM) mechanism is developed based on the mean square error (MSE) to concurrently improve the accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed approach. With the nested response surface of time, the time-dependent reliability analysis can be converted into the time-independent reliability analysis, and existing advanced reliability analysis and design methods can be used. The NERS approach is compared with existing time-dependent reliability analysis approaches and integrated with RBDO for engineered system design with time-dependent probabilistic constraints. Two case studies are used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed NERS approach.
Prediction of splice sites in plant pre-mRNA from sequence properties (1998)

Heterologous introns are often inaccurately or inefficiently processed in higher plants. The precise features that distinguish the process of pre-mRNA splicing in plants from splicing in yeast and mammals are unclear. One contributing factor is the prominent base compositional contrast between U-rich plant introns and flanking G + C-rich exons. Inclusion of this contrast factor in recently developed statistical methods for splice site prediction from sequence inspection significantly improved prediction accuracy. We applied the prediction tools to re-analyze experimental data on splice site selection and splicing efficiency for native and more than 170 mutated plant introns. In almost all cases, the experimentally determined preferred sites correspond to the highest scoring sites predicted by the model. In native genes, about 90% of splice sites are the locally highest scoring sites within the bounds of the flanking exon and intron. We propose that, in most cases, local context (about 50 bases upstream and downstream from a potential intron end) is sufficient to account for intrinsic splice site strength, and that competition for transacting factors determines splice site selection in vivo. We suggest that computer-aided splice site prediction can be a powerful tool for experimental design and interpretation.
Key.Net: Keypoint Detection by Handcrafted and Learned CNN Filters (2019)

We introduce a novel approach for keypoint detection task that combines handcrafted and learned CNN filters within a shallow multi-scale architecture. Handcrafted filters provide anchor structures for learned filters, which localize, score and rank repeatable features. Scale-space representation is used within the network to extract keypoints at different levels. We design a loss function to detect robust features that exist across a range of scales and to maximize the repeatability score. Our Key.Net model is trained on data synthetically created from ImageNet and evaluated on HPatches benchmark. Results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art detectors in terms of repeatability, matching performance and complexity.
Grooved Gate MOSFET (1977)

Grooved Gate type MOS FET's which realize a short channel device with high punch-through breakdown voltage and little threshold voltage (VT) fluctuation, are fabricated by using a promising photoresist technique. A proposed, self-aligned gate MOS FET structure (Grooved Gate MOS FET) is based on two-dimensional analyses of short channel devices. A characteristic feature of the device is negative source and drain junction depth. The fabricated 21 stage ring oscillator displays a high circuit performance for delay and power product of 0.12 pJ.
EZ-Menu:程序发射台 (1995)

如果你要求DOS应用程序绝对可靠,EZ-Menu 6.0是一张廉价门票。这个历史悠久的DOS菜单化程序充满了新特征,它们为最终用户和系统管理员增加了简易性和安全性。 你可以从每个菜单启动120个之多的DOS和Windows程序任务以及子菜单。EZ-Menu也为启动备份和病毒扫描等任务提供了自动化能力。安全选项现在为程序的几乎每一个方面提供了口令保护。EZ-Menu将在单独的日志文件中追踪菜单项和整个PC的使用活动,并且它可以轻易地创建使用情况报告。 EZ-Menu的安全例程可扫描各程序并自动加入菜单中。
Hiding Information in Retransmissions (2009)

The paper presents a new steganographic method called RSTEG (Retransmission Steganography), which is intended for a broad class of protocols that utilises retransmission mechanisms. The main innovation of RSTEG is to not acknowledge a successfully received packet in order to intentionally invoke retransmission. The retransmitted packet carries a steganogram instead of user data in the payload field. RSTEG is presented in the broad context of network steganography, and the utilisation of RSTEG for TCP (Transport Control Protocol) retransmission mechanisms is described in detail. Simulation results are also presented with the main aim to measure and compare the steganographic bandwidth of the proposed method for different TCP retransmission mechanisms as well as to determine the influence of RSTEG on the network retransmissions level.
Sequential Circuits for Relational Analysis (2007)

The alloy tool-set has been gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional manual testing and checking for design correctness. Alloy uses a first-order relational logic for modeling designs. The alloy analyzer translates alloy formulas for a given scope, i.e., a bound on the universe of discourse, to Boolean formulas in conjunctive normal form (CNF), which are subsequently checked using prepositional satisfiability solvers. We present SERA, a novel algorithm that compiles a relational logic formula for a given scope to a sequential circuit. There are two key advantages of sequential circuits: they form a more succinct representation than CNF formulas, sometimes by several orders of magnitude. Also sequential circuits are amenable to a range of powerful automatic analysis techniques that have no counterparts for CNF formulas. Our experiments show that SERA, used in conjunction with a sequential circuit analyzer, can check formulas for scopes that are an order of magnitude higher than those feasible with the alloy analyzer.
Pixel based reconstruction (PBR) techniques (2003)

The authors have reinvestigated algebraic reconstruction algorithms for computed tomography, with some new heuristics and some new methodologies, which indicate that they merit serious consideration for practical applications. Methods of implementing these iterative methods more efficiently by reducing the computations, reducing memory requirement, and using accelerating techniques are discussed. It is shown by simulations, using the pixel-based reconstruction (PBR) methods proposed by R.S. Fager et al., that excellent reconstructions of a complex object can be obtained with very few projections. PBR methods are simultaneous in nature, i.e. at each iteration, any pixel value does not depend on any other pixel value in the reconstructed image. Because of this, in principle, each pixel can be assigned to its own computer and advantage can be taken of parallel structured computers. Two methods of improving these algorithms have been investigated: region of interest; and the steepest descent approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tuning the Optical Properties of Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals by Deformation (2002)

Simple uniaxial elongation of the air spheres in polymer inverse opal is used to tune the material’s stop band. Stretching causes the distance between the (111) planes parallel to the film surface to decrease, resulting in a shift of the stop band to shorter wavelength. This is coupled with a shift to longer wavelength of the stop band associated with periodicity in the stretching direction. The Figure shows the resulting elongated air voids.
Effects of Goshajinkigan, Hachimijiogan, and Rokumigan on Mechanical Allodynia Induced by Paclitaxel in Mice (2014)

Peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel. This study examined whether the three related traditional herbal formulations, goshajinkigan (GJG; Niú Chē Shèn Qì Wán), hachimijiogan (HJG; Bā Wèi Dì Huáng Wán), and rokumigan (RMG; Liù Wèi Wán), would relieve paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (5 mg/kg) induced mechanical allodynia, which peaked on day 14 after injection. On day 14 after paclitaxel injection, oral administration of GJG (0.1-1.0 g/kg) produced a significant inhibition of established allodynia, but HJG and RMG did not affect the allodynia. Repeated oral administration of GJG (0.1-1.0 g/kg) starting from the day after paclitaxel injection did not affect allodynia development, but significantly inhibited allodynia exacerbation. Repeated oral administration of HJG produced a slight inhibition of allodynia exacerbation, but that of RMG did not. These results suggest that prophylactic administration of GJG is effective in preventing the exacerbation of paclitaxel-induced allodynia. The herbal medicines Plantaginis Semen ( Chē Qián Zǐ) and Achyranthis Radix ( Niú Xī), which are present in GJG but not in HJG, may contribute to the inhibitory action of GJG on the exacerbation of paclitaxel-induced allodynia.
Effect of hospital volume on patient outcomes in pleural infection (2012)

Background: We aimed to investigate the hospital volume-outcome relationship (HVOR) in patients with pleural infection, which is important because outcomes may be improved by volume-based selective referral if an inverse HVOR is present. Methods: We analyzed 24,876 patients with pleural infection in 2,188 hospital-years from Taiwan9s National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997-2008. Primary outcome was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay and charges. Hospital volume was measured both as a categorical and a continuous variable (per one case increase per hospital-year); and the effect of which was assessed using multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations accounting for hospital clustering effect. Adjusted covariates included patient and hospital characteristics (model 1), pleural surgery (model 2) and life-supporting measures (model 3). Results: HOVR was significant only when volume was measured as a categorical variable. Patients treated in the highest volume quartile (≥14 cases per hospital-year) had a 27% lower risk of hospital mortality than those in the lowest volume quartile (1 case per hospital-year) after adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics (model 1: adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96). However, after adjusting for treatment covariates (model 2 and 3), the volume effect on hospital mortality disappeared. Hospital volume only explained a small proportion of variation in hospital mortality (-2 log likelihood%=0.26%). Conclusions: In patients with pleural infection, the effect of hospital volume on patient outcomes is small, depends on volume measures and can be explained by differences in treatment across hospitals.
GPS receiver search techniques (2002)

GPS receivers must perform a two-dimensional sequential search process for the GPS signals. The two-dimensional search pattern consists of discrete search cells with each cell representing one code bin and one carrier Doppler bin. The code bin width is usually 1/2 -half chip. The longer the dwell time per binary decision (the predetection integration time), the narrower the Doppler bin width and weaker GPS signals can be acquired, but the search time increases. The replica C/A-code generates larger than normal sidelobes if the Doppler bin is too wide (when predetection integration time is too short), False acquisition of the sidelobes can occur if the search threshold is set too low. At the heart of the receiver search process is the search detector. There are significant performance differences between search detector algorithms. This paper describes, analyzes and compares two powerful sequential search algorithms: the fixed-dwell-time M-of-N detector and the variable dwell time Tong detector (1973).
Substrate thickness dependence of <i>S</i> <i>H</i> wave propagation characteristics in rotated Y-cut <i>X</i>-propagation LiNbO3 (1986)

Shear horizontal (SH) waves in rotated Y-cut X-propagation LiNbO3 plates are numerically analyzed. The phase velocity, displacement distribution, and electromechanical coupling constant are presented as a parameter of the product of the frequency and the substrate thickness, including the rotation angle dependences. Some experimental configurations on the numerical results are fairly good.
Solida: A Blockchain Protocol Based on Reconfigurable Byzantine Consensus (2016)

The decentralized cryptocurrency Bitcoin has experienced great success but also encountered many challenges. One of the challenges has been the long confirmation time. Another challenge is the lack of incentives at certain steps of the protocol, raising concerns for transaction withholding, selfish mining, etc. To address these challenges, we propose Solida, a decentralized blockchain protocol based on reconfigurable Byzantine consensus augmented by proof-of-work. Solida improves on Bitcoin in confirmation time, and provides safety and liveness assuming the adversary control less than (roughly) one-third of the total mining power.
Dronedarone in patients with congestive heart failure: insights from ATHENA (2010)

In this post-hoc analysis of ATHENA patients with AF and stable CHF, dronedarone did not increase mortality and showed a reduction of CV hospitalization or death similar to the overall population. However, in the light of the ANtiarrhythmic trial with DROnedarone in Moderate to severe CHF Evaluating morbidity DecreAse study, dronedarone should be contraindicated in patients with NYHA class IV or unstable NYHA classes II and III CHF.
StarPU: a unified platform for task scheduling on heterogeneous multicore architectures (2010)

Abstract In the field of HPC, the current hardware trend is to design multiprocessor architectures featuring heterogeneous technologies such as specialized coprocessors (e.g. Cell/BE) or data‐parallel accelerators (e.g. GPUs). Approaching the theoretical performance of these architectures is a complex issue. Indeed, substantial efforts have already been devoted to efficiently offload parts of the computations. However, designing an execution model that unifies all computing units and associated embedded memory remains a main challenge. We therefore designed StarPU, an original runtime system providing a high‐level, unified execution model tightly coupled with an expressive data management library. The main goal of StarPU is to provide numerical kernel designers with a convenient way to generate parallel tasks over heterogeneous hardware on the one hand, and easily develop and tune powerful scheduling algorithms on the other hand. We have developed several strategies that can be selected seamlessly at run‐time, and we have analyzed their efficiency on several algorithms running simultaneously over multiple cores and a GPU. In addition to substantial improvements regarding execution times, we have obtained consistent superlinear parallelism by actually exploiting the heterogeneous nature of the machine. We eventually show that our dynamic approach competes with the highly optimized MAGMA library and overcomes the limitations of the corresponding static scheduling in a portable way. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Observation of Fine Structure of Magnetic Domain Walls by Electron Holography (1980)

Holographic interference electron microscopy is presented for investigating the structure of domain walls in plate-shaped cobalt particles. Circular magnetic lines of force are directly observed as contour fringes which overlap individual particle micrographs. These fringes show at a glance how the spin rotates across domain walls. It is also suggested from holographic electron diffraction that the spin stands up in the center of the particle.
Natural history of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: cross-sectional analysis of annotated baseline phenotypes (2019)

This study ( NCT02322255 ) was first posted on 23 December, 2014.
Traffic signs localisation for highways inventory from a video camera on board a moving collection van (2002)

The work presented is part of a CEC funded R&D Esprit project called AUTOCAT (Automatic Collection of road Attributes). The aim of the project was to demonstrate the automatic detection and localisation of traffic signs along the roads, in order to trigger the selective acquisition of a high resolution digital picture for sign inventory purpose. A Kalman tracker has been implemented to localise the signs (in 3D) from their apparent motion within the field of view of a wide angle camera, taking into account the camera motion. The whole image processing chain has been tuned on synthetic road-scene image sequences of a custom virtual circuit then validated in the field on the real vehicle demonstrator using the motion information of the embedded inertial navigation system. The results obtained show the successful coupling of an inertial navigation system, providing an accurate camera motion information, with a real time image processing system performing multi-target detection and tracking. It is shown how this application takes advantage of the Kalman filter implementation as an optimal estimator in the case of a moving camera analysing a static scene.