gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A high resolution crossed molecular beam investigation of the absolute cross sections and product rotational states for the reaction F+D2 (<i>v</i> <i>i</i>=0; <i>j</i> <i>i</i>=0,1)→DF(<i>v</i> <i>f</i>;<i>j</i> <i>f</i>)+D (1994)

High resolution time of flight spectra of DF products have been measured for 12 different center-of-mass angles in the range θc.m.=114° to 180° for the reaction F+D2→DF+D at a center-of-mass collision energy of Ec.m.=82.5±2.6 meV. The resolution is sufficient to clearly resolve the different final product vibrational states and to extract rotational product distributions for each of the vibrational states. Absolute reactive cross sections for the final vibrational states vf=1, 2, 3, and 4 were determined from a careful calibration of the beam source intensities and detector sensitivity. For all final vibrational states, nearly the same large rotational surprisal values of Θ̄R=5.3 were found. From the rotational distributions, it has also been possible to estimate opacity functions for these final vf states via the method of Elsum and Gordon [J. Chem. Phys. 76, 3009 (1982)]. The angular distributions for different vf states are compared to recent infinite order sudden approximation (IOSA) and classical trajectory calculations and the general trends with angle are in good agreement. The absolute values of the differential cross sections differ by as much as a factor of 10. The overall reactive cross section is smaller by about a factor of 2 than the most recent classical trajectory calculations, but the difference is barely within the large experimental errors. These new experiments provide critical data for further improving the parameters of the potential hypersurface.
The Isolation and Partial Characterization of Neutrophil Chemotactic Factors from Escherichia Coli (1975)

Heat-stable, chemotactically active peptides have been obtained from Escherichia coli culture filtrates. They range in size between 150 and 1500 daltons and are anionic at neutral pH. Free carboxyl groups but not free amino groups appear to be required for activity. The N-terminal group may be blocked. There do not appear to be internal aromatic or basic residues in the chemotactically active fractions. A highly purified, not completely characterized, fraction was found to contain aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine.
DMSO Efficiently Down Regulates Pluripotency Genes in Human Embryonic Stem Cells during Definitive Endoderm Derivation and Increases the Proficiency of Hepatic Differentiation (2015)

Addition of DMSO to the Activin A-based medium during DE specification resulted in rapid down regulation of the pluripotency genes OCT4 and NANOG, accompanied by an increase expression of the DE genes SOX17, CXCR4 and GATA4. Importantly, the expression level of ALB in DMSO-treated cells was also higher than in cells which were differentiated to the DE stage via standard Activin A treatment.
Charge Utilization in Anodic Rhodium Oxide Films Pulsed in Carbonate‐Buffered Saline (1989)

The charge storage capability of hydrous rhodium oxide films formed by activation of Rh metal in alkaline solutions was investigated. The electrochemical properties were measured in carbonate‐buffered saline solution at pH 7.3. The charge storage capacity, as determined by cyclic voltammetry, increased as the films were grown to increasing thickness. When the electrodes were biased at an anodic potential of 0.9V vs. SCE, the fraction of this charge which could be utilized with cathodal, constant current, 0.2 ms width pulses decreased from 35% on the thinnest films to less than 5% on the thickest. The absolute charge that could be injected under these pulse conditions leveled off at about 2.0 mC/cm2 geometric area. The charge injection properties of the rhodium oxide films offer an alternative to use of iridium oxide films for neural stimulation applications.
Effects of an exon 5 variant of the estrogen receptor in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. (1996)

The estrogen receptor gene gives rise to variant mRNAs, generated by alternative mRNA splicing, as well as the full-length mRNA containing eight coding exons. It has been postulated that one of these, the exon 5 variant, may be important in the development of hormone-independent and anti-estrogen-resistant breast cancer since it has the potential to encode a truncated receptor that retains the N-terminal activation domain AF-1, but lacks the hormone-binding domain. We have expressed the variant using an inducible promoter in estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cells and analyzed the effect of the variant protein on gene expression and cell growth. Inducible expression was validated using a specific antiserum that recognized a novel epitope on the exon 5 variant. The variant was able to stimulate transcription of a reporter gene in transiently transfected chicken embryo fibroblasts in the absence of hormone but showed weak constitutive activity when it was stably expressed in MCF-7 cells. The variant had no effect on the expression of the estrogen target genes, pS2, and the progesterone receptor. Finally, we analyzed whether the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was altered by the expression of the exon 5 variant and found that the stimulatory effects of estrogen and growth inhibitory effects of tamoxifen and ICI 182780 were unchanged. We therefore conclude that expression of the variant alone is not sufficient to give rise to hormone independence or tamoxifen resistance of breast cancers.
Acute renal failure in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: treatment and outcome (2008)

Objective. To determine the outcome of paediatric SLE (pSLE) patients with nephritis who developed acute renal failure (ARF). Efficacy and safety of treatment regimens were compared. Methods. A total of 249 pSLE patients were diagnosed and prospectively followed at a single centre between July 1973 and July 2003; 127 children (51%) had lupus nephritis. ARF was defined as serum creatinine of >250 μmol/l or >75% above baseline. Standardized assessments included clinical data and medications, laboratory testing, disease activity and damage scores were obtained. Subsequent renal flares were documented. Primary outcome: renal function at last follow-up. Secondary outcomes: treatment efficacy and safety. AZA- and cyclophosphamide (CYCLO)-treated patients were compared. Propensity score methods were applied to balance covariates. An intention to treat approach was chosen. Results. The ARF study cohort included 50 patients; 13 boys and 37 girls with a median age of 13.2 yrs at diagnosis and a mean follow-up of 45 months. Renal histology: Class III nephritis in 16; Class IV in 34. Dialysis requirement and disease activity were similar in both groups. Treatment: AZA in 33 patients, CYCLO in 9 and corticosteroids only in 8. Outcome: no statistically significant or clinically relevant differences were found for any of the outcome measures including last serum creatinine, time to renal flare, overall renal survival, disease activity over time, disease damage, mean annual corticosteroid dose and rate of infection. Conclusion. The treatment of renal failure in this pSLE cohort was associated with an excellent outcome. AZA and CYCLO were equally efficacious.
Power Budgeting of a Multiple-Input Buck-Boost Converter (2005)

The use of a multiple-input buck-boost converter for budgeting power between different energy sources is discussed. It is shown mathematically that the idealized converter can accommodate arbitrary power commands for each input source while maintaining a prescribed output voltage. Power budgeting is demonstrated experimentally for a real converter under various circumstances, including a two-input (solar and line-powered) system. A closed-loop control example involving simultaneous tracking of output voltage and set-point tracking of the solar array shows that an autonomous system is realizable.
The World-Wide Web and sustainable development (1995)

Since WEDC was formed in 1971, it has been committed to keeping alumni, their sponsors and other supporters in\ntouch with current activities and new initiatives; to disseminating\nthe results of its research; and to sharing experiences gained from consultancy assignments undertaken\nin many low- and middle-income countries\nthroughout the world. As a means of extending this commitment, WEDC is\ndeveloping a site on the World-Wide Web, one of the latest developments of the Internet — the global network\nof hundreds of thousands of personal computers. This paper examines the nature of the ‘Web’ and considers the\nextent to which it may be used as an effective communication tool for sustainable development. It introduces the WEDC site and those with which WEDC is closely linked.
Feature extraction techniques of online handwriting arabic text recognition (2013)

Online recognition of Arabic handwritten text has been an ongoing research problem for many years. Generally, online text recognition field has been gaining more interest lately due to the increasing popularity of hand-held computers, digital notebooks and advanced cellular phones. Most of the online text recognition systems consist of three main phases which are preprocessing, feature extraction, and recognition phase. This paper compares between different techniques that have been used to extract the features of Arabic handwriting scripts in online recognition systems. Those techniques attempt to extract the feature vector of Arabic handwritten words, characters, numbers or strokes. This vector then will be fed into the recognition engine to recognize the pattern using the feature vector. The structure and strategy of those reviewed techniques are explained in this article. The strengths and weaknesses of using these techniques will also be discussed.
Cost-based placement of vDPI functions in NFV infrastructures (2015)

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is transforming how networks are architected and network services delivered. The network is more flexible and adaptable, it can scale with traffic demands. To manage video traffic in the network, or get protection from cyber-attacks, Deep Packet Inspection is increasingly deployed at specific locations in the network. The virtual Deep Packet Inspection (vDPI) engines can be dynamically deployed as software on commodity servers within emerging NFV infrastructures. For a network operator, deploying a set of vDPIs over the network is a matter of finding the appropriate placement that meets the traffic management or cyber-security targets (such as the number of inspected flows) and operational cost constraints (license fees, network efficiency or power consumption). In this work, we formulate the vDPI placement problem as a cost minimization problem. The cost captures the different objectives the operator is pursuing. A placement of vDPIs on the network nodes realizes a trade-off between these possibly conflicting goals. We cast the problem as a multi-commodity flow problem and solve it as an Integer Linear Program (ILP). We then devise a centrality-based greedy algorithm and assess its validity by comparing it with the ILP optimal solution on a real data set (GEANT network with 22 nodes and real traffic matrix). We further analyze the scalability of the heuristic by applying it to larger random networks of up to 100 nodes. The results show the network structure and the costs strongly influence time performance. They also show that after a size limit (between 40 to 80 nodes in our case), the execution time increases exponentially due to combinatorial issues. Finally, they demonstrate that the heuristic well approximate the optimal on smaller problem instances.
Evaluation of an Automated Instrument for Viability and Concentration Measurements of Cryopreserved Hematopoietic Cells (2004)

Two important parameters for determination of deleterious effects of cellular processing on hematopoietic progenitor cells are cell viability and concentration. The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital evaluated the Beckman Coulter Vi-Cell automated instrument for the measurement of these two parameters. Using 33 thawed hematopoietic progenitor cell samples, automated Vi-Cell viability results were compared to those obtained using the standard trypan blue manual method. In addition, cell concentrations from these samples were compared with results from the Model Z2 Coulter Counter. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells were used for the evaluation of Vi-Cell linearity at the Beckman Coulter Cellular Analysis Development Center. Significant correlation was obtained when the two methods were compared for both cell concentration and percentage viability (P < .0001). The results of the linearity study indicated that the Vi-Cell is linear from approximately 5 x 10(4) to greater than 1 x 10(7) cells/mL. The Vi-Cell uses sample volumes as low as 0.5 mL; cell diameters may be 2 to 70 microns. The Vi-Cell automated instrument offers many significant advantages for cell analyses in today's busy laboratory environment.
Influence of audio coding on stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation (2002)

Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation has been found more difficult than echo cancellation in mono due to a high correlation between the two audio channels. Different methods to decorrelate the channels have been proposed so that the stereophonic echo canceller identifies the true echo paths and its convergence rate increases. It is shown that the use of a perceptual audio coder effectively reduces the correlation between the channels and thus convergence to the true echo paths is insured. Furthermore, in those frequency regions where the encoder introduced quantization noise which is below the global perceptual masking threshold, an extra amount of inaudible noise can be added to the channels. Thereby the channel correlation is further decreased and the solution is stabilized. In subband audio coders with high frequency resolution only minor modifications are needed in the decoder.
Recognition of multiple partial discharge patterns (1999)

This paper discusses the use of template matching as a tool for recognition of multiple partial discharge (PD) patterns. Classical and phase-only matched correlation filters successfully recognised up to four PD patterns in one PD record. The results indicate a good potential of correlation filters for multiple PD pattern recognition.
Work as a correlate of canine left ventricular oxygen consumption, and the problem of catecholamine oxygen wasting. (1982)

Neither stroke volume nor external cardiac work (the integral of pressure times flow during ejection) has been considered an important correlate of myocardial oxygen consumption. An initial set of experiments re-examined this question of independently varying heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and stroke volume in seven closed-chest, anesthetized dogs. This was achieved by cardiac pacing, a pressure control reservoir, phenylephrine infusion, and adjustment of arteriovenous shunts. Propranolol was used to minimize changes in contractility which might affect myocardial oxygen consumption. Stroke volume in the form of external work had a significant effect on oxygen consumption. From these results, a new pressure-work index of myocardial oxygen consumption was devised, and fitting parameters for the following indexes were determined: systolic pressure-rate product, estimated wall tension, external left ventricular work, triple product, mean pressure-rate product, Et (Bretschneider), and tension-time index. These indexes were prospectively applied to a second set of experiments in 11 closed-chest, anesthetized dogs given norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dobutamine, Nembutal, and propranolol to alter myocardial contractility. Inotropic oxygen wasting was observed with the tension-time, mean pressure-rate, triple product, and estimated wall tension indexes, but not with the pressure-work or systolic pressure-rate indexes. It is concluded that stroke work is an important correlate of myocardial oxygen consumption, and that the pressure-work of systolic pressure-rate indexes can account for catecholamine-induced, changes in myocardial oxygen consumption without postulating an oxygen-wasting effect.
Cam Forces in Weft Knitting (1968)

A technique is described for assessing tension in the yarn during knitting by measuring the needle-butt reaction forces on the cam. Results are given which illus trate the first-order effects of the major knitting variables. Two extremes of cam shape were investigated and it was found that a flat-bottom stitch cam gave rise to a remarkably constant stitch length. Cam force measurements suggested that the flat-bottom cam gave lower knitting tensions than the. pointed cam. There appears to be a good case for investigating the practicality of flat-bottom cams in flat-bed knitting machines. It is also found that, when knitting a very tight stitch, the peak yarn tension can occur in the loop being cast off before it reaches the widest part of the needle. An explanation is given for this effect.
Absolute bounds on set intersection and union sizes from distribution information (1988)

A catalog of quick closed-form bounds on set intersection and union sizes is presented; they can be expressed as rules, and managed by a rule-based system architecture. These methods use a variety of statistics precomputed on the data, and exploit homomorphisms (onto mappings) of the data items onto distributions that can be more easily analyzed. The methods can be used anytime, but tend to work best when there are strong or complex correlations in the data. This circumstance is poorly handled by the standard independence-assumption and distributional-assumption estimates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE LOCALISATION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN URBAN AREAS BY USING SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS (GPS AND GLONASS) (2000)

One of the ideas of road accident research is the systematically registering and redeveloping of accident black spots. At sites with a high accident occurrence the appearance of accidents is mostly similar or even identical, as are their causes. By using in-depth investigation, the typical causes can usually be discovered and corrective measures can be taken. The base for road accident research is therefore the determination of such accident black spots, which highly depends on the sufficiency of high quality data defining the exact location. At present, different methods for coding accident black spots are being used in Austria. This makes data analysis very difficult and extremely time consuming. A standardised recording methodology is urgently needed. This paper describes a methodology based on a satellite navigation system (NAVSTAR/GPS and GLONASS) which supports a uniform and unambiguous localisation of accident black spots. The satellite navigation system locates accident sites with sufficient accuracy, is easy to use, and simplifies data analysis and visualisation of the accident situation. Since the full potential of GPS and GLONASS can only be achieved by users having a certain level of theoretical knowledge about satellite navigation, this paper describes GPS and GLONASS, the different receivers and the diverse measuring arrangements in some detail. Furthermore, the paper reports the practical testing of the system in urban areas, its methodology reliability, its accuracy, and the accessibility of a sufficient number of satellites in various measuring locations. For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E205613. (A)
A surface micromachined thermopile detector array with an interference-based absorber (2011)

A thermo-electric (TE) infrared detector array composed of 23 thermopiles, each with 5 thermocouples on a suspended beam of 650 × 36 µm2 dimensions, has been fabricated in a CMOS-compatible MEMS process. The array is used for realization of an IR micro-spectrometer in the 1–5 µm spectral range. Interference filter-based IR absorbers using titanium/aluminum layers with a silicon carbide cavity layer have been designed, fabricated and validated. These thin film stacks are more suitable for the subsequent processes as compared to conventional techniques. The silicon carbide layer is also used for device protection. The TE detector with an interference filter-based absorber features a sensitivity of 294 V W−1 in the 2.15 µm wavelength range and a thermal time constant of 4.85 ms in vacuum.
Iatrogenic immunosuppression in patients with high-grade gliomas treated with radiation and temozolomide: A NABTT CNS Consortium study. (2010)

2013 Background: Preliminary data suggest that the use of dexamethasone, radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) in high- grade gliomas (HGG) results in substantial immunosuppression. This prospective multicenter study serially followed CD4 counts and outcomes in this population. Methods: CD4 counts were obtained from patients with HGG before initiating standard radiation and TMZ and monthly thereafter for one year. Data on hospitalizations, infections, glucocorticoid doses, survival, and cause of death were recorded. Results: 96 patients with HGG were accrued and received TMZ: 84% had glioblastoma, 80% had debulking surgery, 50% were female, 97% were Caucasian, median age was 57, and median KPS was 90. The median CD4 count before starting radiation and TMZ was 664 which fell to 347, 255, and 288 at 1, 2, and 3 months. The CD4 count nadir occurred at 2 months when CD4 counts were < 300 in 73% of patients and < 200 in 40%. CD4 counts remained low during the year of follow-up with medians of 296, 311, and 310 at 4, 8, and 12 months. Reductions in CD4 counts were mirrored by total lymphocyte counts but independent of changes in WBC, RBC, or platelets. Patients with CD4 counts < 200 at 2 months had shorter survival than those with higher counts (median 13.1 versus 19.7 months, p = 0.002). The hazard ratio for death attributable to low CD4 count was 1.99 (p = 0.003) and after adjustment for relevant factors was 1.95 (p = 0.008). Median survival was related to the CTC toxicity grades for CD4 counts: grade 1 = 23.8 months, grade 2 = 19.7 months, grade 3-4 = 13.1 months (p = 0.009). Death occurred from disease progression in 88% of the patients and infection in only 2%. The only significant pretreatment predictor for low 2-month CD4 count was low baseline CD4 count (p = 0.025). Conclusions: Standard therapy of HGG results in severe CD4 count reductions that occur early, are long-lasting, and are prognostic for early death from tumor progression. These results support the routine monitoring of CD4 counts and have important implications for studies escalating TMZ doses or using vaccines. Future studies will determine the role of CD4 counts in modifying the duration of prophylactic antibiotics and the intensity and duration of TMZ. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Eight new records of fresh water filamentous algae (Oedogonium Link) from India (2016)

The present paper deals with the eight species of Oedogonium which are being reported for the first time from India. All the taxa are arranged in broad groups according to their morphological peculiarities and sexual reproduction i.e. Macrandrous (Homothallic and Heterothallic). During the present investigation 5 macrandrous homothallic {Oedogonium subvaucherii Claass., O. pseudofragile Claass., O.upsaliense (Wittr.) Hirn., O.visayense Britt., O.amplius (Tayl.) Tiff.} and 3 macrandrous heterothallic forms {O. cf capillare (L) Kutz., O. angustistomum Hoff., O. magnusii Wittr. var. major Bock and Bock} have been collected for the first time from India.