gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CoAP-Based Mobility Management for the Internet of Things (2015)

Most of the current mobility management protocols such as Mobile IP and its variants standardized by the IETF may not be suitable to support mobility management for Web-based applications in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment. This is because the sensor nodes have limited power capacity, usually operating in sleep/wakeup mode in a constrained wireless network. In addition, sometimes the sensor nodes may act as the server using the CoAP protocol in an IoT environment. This makes it difficult for Web clients to properly retrieve the sensing data from the mobile sensor nodes in an IoT environment. In this article, we propose a mobility management protocol, named CoMP, which can effectively retrieve the sensing data of sensor nodes while they are moving. The salient feature of CoMP is that it makes use of the IETF CoAP protocol for mobility management, instead of using Mobile IP. Thus CoMP can eliminates the additional signaling overhead of Mobile IP, provides reliable mobility management, and prevents the packet loss. CoMP employs a separate location management server to keep track of the location of the mobile sensor nodes. In order to prevent the loss of important sensing data during movement, a holding mode of operation has been introduced. All the signaling procedures including discovery, registration, binding and holding have been designed by extending the IETF CoAP protocol. The numerical analysis and simulation have been done for performance evaluation in terms of the handover latency and packet loss. The results show that the proposed CoMP is superior to previous mobility management protocols, i.e., Mobile IPv4/v6 (MIPv4/v6), Hierarchical Mobile IPv4/v6 (HMIPv4/v6), in terms of the handover latency and packet loss.
Applied Numerical Electromagnetic Analysis for Planar High Frequency Circuits (2005)

Abstract Numerical electromagnetics entered mainstream high frequency and microwave design starting about 1990. Today, with much faster computers and more powerful algorithms and design flows, numerical electromagnetics is now considered as required in nearly all high‐frequency design. This article discusses the impact of numerical electromagnetics on design of planar circuits at high frequency, including silicon and gallium arsenide integrated radiofrequency integrated circuits (RFIC), and low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) circuits.
Fast and Reliable Automated Synthesis of RNA and Partially 2′-O- Protected Precursors (`Caged RNA') Based on Two Novel, Orthogonal 2′-O-Protecting Groups, Preliminary Communication (1999)

Two sets of RNA phosphoramidites, carrying the (fluoride-labile) 2′-O-[(triisopropylsilyl)oxy]methyl (=tom) group and the (photolabile) [(R)-1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethoxy]methyl (=(R)-npeom) group, were prepared (see 1 – 4 and 5 – 8, resp.). The two protecting groups were completely orthogonal to each other. Three ribozyme-substrate constructs, protected each by a (R)-npeom group, were synthesized; on photolysis, efficient cleavage of this remaining protecting group occurred (Scheme 3). It could be demonstrated that the presence of one (R)-npeom group within a RNA strand has only a minor influence on the pairing properties of corresponding duplexes.
Stem Cell Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease (2014)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder that induces dementia in older people. It was first reported in 1907 by Alois Alzheimer, who characterized the disease as causing memory loss and cognitive impairment. Pathologic characteristics of AD are β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neurodegeneration. Current therapies only target the relief of symptoms using various drugs, and do not cure the disease. Recently, stem cell therapy has been shown to be a potential approach to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, and in this review, we focus on stem cell therapies for AD.
Determination of amide hydrogen exchange rates in peptides by mass spectrometry (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of amide hydrogen exchange rates in peptides by mass spectrometryGeraldine. Thevenon-Emeric, John. Kozlowski, Zhongqi. Zhang, and David L. SmithCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 20, 2456–2458Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00044a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00044a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A People Counting System Based on Face Detection and Tracking in a Video (2009)

Vision-based people counting systems have wide potential applications including video surveillance and public resources management. Most works in the literature rely on moving object detection and tracking, assuming that all moving objects are people. In this paper, we present our people counting approach based on face detection, tracking and trajectory classification. While we have used a standard face detector, we achieve face tracking combining a new scale invariant Kalman filter with kernel based tracking algorithm. From each potential face trajectory an angle histogram of neighboring points is then extracted. Finally, an Earth Mover's Distance-based K-NN classification discriminates true face trajectories from the false ones. Experimented on a video dataset of more than 160 potential people trajectories, our approach displays an accuracy rate up to 93%.
High affinity angiotensin II receptors in myocardial sarcolemmal membranes. Characterization of receptors and covalent linkage of 125I-angiotensin II to a membrane component of 116,000 daltons. (1984)

High affinity receptors for angiotensin II have been identified on purified cardiac sarcolemmal membranes. Equilibrium binding studies were performed with 125I-labeled angiotensin II and purified sarcolemmal vesicles from calf ventricle. The curvilinear Scatchard plots were evaluated by nonlinear regression analysis using a two-site model which identified a high affinity site Kd1 = 1.08 +/- 0.3 nM and N1 = 52 +/- 10 fmol/mg of protein and a low affinity site Kd2 = 52 +/- 16 nM and N2 = 988 +/- 170 fmol/mg of protein. Monovalent and divalent cations inhibited the binding of 125I-angiotensin II by 50%. The affinity of angiotensin II analogs for the receptor was determined using competitive binding assays; sarcosine, leucine-angiotensin II (Sar,Leu-angiotensin II), Kd = 0.53 nM; angiotensin II, Kd = 2.5 nM; des-aspartic acid-angiotensin II, Kd = 4.81 nM; angiotensin I, Kd = 77.6 nM. There is a positive correlation between potency in inducing positive inotropic response in myocardial preparations reported by others and potency for the hormone receptor observed in the binding assays. Pseudo-Hill plots of the binding data showed that agonists display biphasic binding with Hill numbers around 0.65 while antagonists recognized a single class of high affinity receptors with Hill numbers close to unity. These data were confirmed using 125I-Sar,Leu-angiotensin II in equilibrium binding studies which showed that this antagonist bound to a single class of receptor sites; Kd = 0.42 +/- 0.04 nM and N = 1050 +/- 110 fmol/mg of protein. Competition-binding experiments with this 125I-peptide yielded monophasic curves with Hill numbers close to unity for both agonists and antagonists. Membrane-bound 125I-angiotensin II was covalently linked to its receptor by the use of bifunctional cross-linking reagents such as dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) and bis[2-(succinimidooxycarbonyloxy)ethyl]sulfone. Analysis of the membranes showed the labeling of a component with an apparent Mr = 116,000. The affinity labeled species showed characteristics expected of a functional component of the high affinity receptor. The affinity labeling of this membrane component was inhibited by nanomolar angiotensin II or Sar,Leu-angiotensin II. Together these data indicate that high affinity receptors exist for angiotensin II that most likely mediate the positive inotropic effects of this hormone on myocardial cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Hybrid Transducer Type Ultrasonic Linear Motor (1989)

Hybrid transducer type ultrasonic motors have the advantage of freedom of design. A linear motor of this type consists of a longitudinal vibrator and multilayered piezoelectric actuators. The transducer is operated at the resonance frequency of the vibrator. In this paper, the characteristics are measured in a study of the basic operating conditions, and a maximum speed of 50 cm/s, maximum force of 500 gf and maximum efficiency of 36% are recorded. It is believed that performance can be improved by theoretical studies.
Surface Roughness Variation during Si Atomic Layer Etching by Chlorine Adsorption Followed by an Ar Neutral Beam Irradiation (2005)

In this study, the etch rate and surface roughness during the Si atomic layer etching using and Ar neutral beam were investigated for Si(100) and Si(111). When the pressure (flux) and the Ar neutral beam irradiation time (dose/cycle) were lower than the critical values, the etch rate and the surface roughness were varied with pressure and Ar neutral beam irradiation time. When both pressure and Ar neutral beam irradiation time were higher than the critical values, the saturated etch rates of a monolayer per cycle of 1.36 and for Si(100) and Si(111), respectively, and the lowest surface roughness of 1.45Å close to the reference sample could be obtained. From these results, it is believed that the silicon etching is controlled by the coverage of silicon chloride during the adsorption by the Langmuir isotherm and the removal of the silicon chlorides by the Ar neutral beam dose/cycle .
LTE Adaptation for Mobile Broadband Satellite Networks (2009)

One of the key factors for the successful deployment of mobile satellite systems in 4G networks is the maximization of the technology commonalities with the terrestrial systems. An effective way of achieving this objective consists in considering the terrestrial radio interface as the baseline for the satellite radio interface. Since the 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard will be one of the main players in the 4G scenario, along with other emerging technologies, such as mobile WiMAX; this paper analyzes the possible applicability of the 3GPP LTE interface to satellite transmission, presenting several enabling techniques for this adaptation. In particular, we propose the introduction of an inter-TTI interleaving technique that exploits the existing H-ARQ facilities provided by the LTE physical layer, the use of PAPR reduction techniques to increase the resilience of the OFDM waveform to non linear distortion, and the design of the sequences for Random Access, taking into account the requirements deriving from the large round trip times. The outcomes of this analysis show that, with the required proposed enablers, it is possible to reuse the existing terrestrial air interface to transmit over the satellite link.
Necrostatin-1 inhibits the degeneration of neural cells induced by aluminum exposure (2013)

The present study provides the first direct evidence of a connection between necroptosis and neurodegeneration, which indicates that necroptosis is involved in neurodegenerative cell death. Furthermore, Nec-1 may be useful for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Improved overwrite performance of dual magnetic layer tape coatings (1999)

Dual coated tapes consisting of an active layer containing fine metal powder covering a non-magnetic dummy layer have been widely promoted as perhaps the ultimate flexible recording medium. However, this is not the only interesting possibility opened up by modern double-coating technology. For digital recording, overwrite is an important characteristic. We have found the combination of a high coercivity upper layer of MP with a lower coercivity underlayer to deliver superior overwrite performance. Moreover, it is found that good overwrite ratios can be achieved even when the MP layer is comparatively thick. The combination of thicker upper layer and magnetic underlayer provides higher output in the long wavelength region.
Attributed skeletal graphs for shape modelling and matching (2004)

The aim of this paper is mainly on using the potential strength of the skeleton of discrete objects in computer vision and pattern recognition. We propose to represent the medial axis characteristic points as an attributed skeletal graph to model the shape. The information about the object shape and its topology is totally embedded in them and this allows the comparison of different objects by graph matching algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate the correctness in detecting its characteristic points and in computing a more regular and effective representation for a perceptual indexing. The matching process, based on a revised graduated assignment algorithm, has produced encouraging results, showing the potential of the developed method in a variety of computer vision and pattern recognition domains. The results demonstrate its robustness in the presence of scale, reflection and rotation transformations and prove the ability to handle noise and occlusions.
Symmetric bipartite tables for accurate function approximation (2002)

The paper presents a methodology for designing bipartite tables for accurate function approximation. Bipartite tables use two parallel table lookups to obtain a carry-save (borrow-save) function approximation. A carry propagate adder can then convert this approximation to a two's complement number or the approximation can be directly Booth encoded. Our method for designing bipartite tables, called the Symmetric Bipartite Table Method, utilizes symmetry in the table entries to reduce the overall memory requirements. It has several advantages over previous bipartite table methods in that it: (1) provides a closed form solution for the table entries; (2) has right bounds on the maximum absolute error; (3) requires smaller table lookups to achieve a given accuracy; and (4) can be applied to a wide range of functions. Compared to conventional table lookups, the symmetric bipartite tables presented are 15.0 to 41.7 times smaller when the operand size is 16 bits and 99.1 to 273.9 times smaller when the operand size is 24 bits.
System-level integration of active silicon photonic biosensors (2017)

Biosensors based on silicon photonic integrated circuits have attracted a growing interest in recent years. The use of sub-micron silicon waveguides to propagate near-infrared light allows for the drastic reduction of the optical system size, while increasing its complexity and sensitivity. Using silicon as the propagating medium also leverages the fabrication capabilities of CMOS foundries, which offer low-cost mass production. Researchers have deeply investigated photonic sensor devices, such as ring resonators, interferometers and photonic crystals, but the practical integration of silicon photonic biochips as part of a complete system has received less attention. Herein, we present a practical system-level architecture which can be employed to integrate the aforementioned photonic biosensors. We describe a system based on 1 mm<sup>2</sup> dies that integrate germanium photodetectors and a single light coupling device. The die are embedded into a 16x16 mm<sup>2</sup> epoxy package to enable microfluidic and electrical integration. First, we demonstrate a simple process to mimic Fan-Out Wafer-level-Packaging, which enables low-cost mass production. We then characterize the photodetectors in the photovoltaic mode, which exhibit high sensitivity at low optical power. Finally, we present a new grating coupler concept to relax the lateral alignment tolerance down to ± 50 μm at 1-dB (80%) power penalty, which should permit non-experts to use the biochips in a“plug-and-play” style. The system-level integration demonstrated in this study paves the way towards the mass production of low-cost and highly sensitive biosensors, and can facilitate their wide adoption for biomedical and agro-environmental applications.
The role of allergen challenge chambers in the evaluation of anti‐allergic medication: an international consensus paper (2006)

Summary Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common condition with quality of life and economic implications for those affected. Numerous studies have attempted to evaluate treatments for rhinitis, seeking clinically meaningful efficacy and safety results to enable evidence‐based treatment decisions. Traditional studies of medications for AR are hampered by many confounding environmental factors as well as suboptimal medication compliance. They are also an unsuitable setting for determination of precise pharmacodynamic properties of medications, including onset and duration of action. Allergen challenge chambers (ACCs) were developed to provide predetermined, controlled allergen levels and to limit variables inherent in traditional studies. An ACC hosts a number of allergen‐sensitive subjects who may receive either medication or placebo in a closed environment regulated for temperature, humidity and other variables. Subjects' allergic responses are monitored using subjective and objective assessments throughout the study, and the resultant information contributes significantly to the clinical profile of a medication. This consensus paper provides an in‐depth review of the role of ACCs as a means to evaluate treatments in AR, and concludes that ACC trials fulfil an important supportive role in the assessment of anti‐allergic medication.
Imaging study of a phantom and small animal with a two-head electron-tracking Compton gamma-ray camera (2010)

We have developed an electron-tracking Compton camera (ETCC) for new medical imaging device. Conventional gamma camera, PET and SPECT, have the problem of energy limitation. This problem is one of the major problems for this study. However, our ETCC has a wide energy dynamic range (200-1300 keV). Also ETCC have the wide field of view because ETCC does not need a collimator and does not need to catch two gamma rays which produced by the annihilation process. In this paper, we show the results of imaging result of the 3-D which have imaged only one direction using one head camera. And we have developed the two-head ETCC. Two-head ETCC have a good efficiency and spatial resolution.
Prostaglandin E2 is a key factor for monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation: enhanced T cell stimulatory capacity despite IDO (2007)

The exclusive ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to stimulate primary and secondary immune responses favors the use of antigen-loaded human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) in vaccinations against tumors. Previous studies demonstrated that PGE(2) is fundamental during MoDC maturation to facilitate migration toward lymph node-derived chemokines. A recent study challenged the use of PGE(2), as PGE(2) induced IDO in mature MoDCs. In MoDCs compatible for clinical use, we now demonstrate that PGE(2) is responsible for IDO induction if matured by soluble CD40 ligand, LPS, or cytokines. In contrast, IDO expression in MoDCs matured by TLR3 triggering occurs independently of PGE(2). It is surprising that despite active IDO protein, MoDCs matured with PGE(2) display a greater potential to stimulate naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation, which is not increased further by IDO inhibition. Moreover, we found elevated levels of tryptophanyl-tRNA-synthetase (TTS) in T cells cultured with PGE(2)-matured MoDCs. Our data demonstrate that PGE(2) induces IDO in MoDCs but that T cell-stimulating capacities of PGE(2)-matured MoDCs overcome IDO activity, probably through TTS induction. As PGE(2) is critical for DC migration and enhances the capability of MoDCs to induce T cell proliferation, we highly recommend supplementing DC maturation stimuli with PGE(2) for use in clinical trials.
Biophysics and systems biology (2010)

Biophysics at the systems level, as distinct from molecular biophysics, acquired its most famous paradigm in the work of Hodgkin and Huxley, who integrated their equations for the nerve impulse in 1952. Their approach has since been extended to other organs of the body, notably including the heart. The modern field of computational biology has expanded rapidly during the first decade of the twenty-first century and, through its contribution to what is now called systems biology, it is set to revise many of the fundamental principles of biology, including the relations between genotypes and phenotypes. Evolutionary theory, in particular, will require re-assessment. To succeed in this, computational and systems biology will need to develop the theoretical framework required to deal with multilevel interactions. While computational power is necessary, and is forthcoming, it is not sufficient. We will also require mathematical insight, perhaps of a nature we have not yet identified. This article is therefore also a challenge to mathematicians to develop such insights.
Size Dependent Fluorescence Quenching of CdS Nanocrystals Caused by TiO2 Colloids as a Potential-Variable Quencher (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSize Dependent Fluorescence Quenching of CdS Nanocrystals Caused by TiO2 Colloids as a Potential-Variable QuencherH. Matsumoto, T. Matsunaga, T. Sakata, H. Mori, and H. YoneyamaCite this: Langmuir 1995, 11, 11, 4283–4287Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00011a019https://doi.org/10.1021/la00011a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views339Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts