gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SIPHON: Towards Scalable High-Interaction Physical Honeypots (2017)

In recent years, the emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) has led to rising concerns about the security of networked embedded devices. In this work, we focus on the adaptation of Honeypots for improving the security of IoTs. Low-interaction honeypots are used so far in the context of IoT. Such honeypots are limited and easily detectable, and thus, there is a need to find ways how to develop high-interaction, reliable, IoT honeypots that will attract skilled attackers. In this work, we propose the SIPHON architecture - a Scalable high-Interaction Honeypot platform for IoT devices. Our architecture leverages IoT devices that are physically at one location and are connected to the Internet through so-called wormholes distributed around the world. The resulting architecture allows exposing few physical devices over a large number of geographically distributed IP addresses. We demonstrate the proposed architecture in a large scale experiment with 39 wormhole instances in 16 cities in 9 countries. Based on this setup, six physical IP cameras, one NVR and one IP printer are presented as 85 real IoT devices on the Internet, attracting a daily traffic of 700MB for a period of two months. A preliminary analysis of the collected traffic indicates that devices in some cities attracted significantly more traffic than others (ranging from 600 000 incoming TCP connections for the most popular destination to less than 50000 for the least popular). We recorded over 400 brute-force login attempts to the web-interface of our devices using a total of 1826 distinct credentials, from which 11 attempts were successful. Moreover, we noted login attempts to Telnet and SSH ports some of which used credentials found in the recently disclosed Mirai malware.
Paying for Roads in 21st Century with Time-Distance-Place Pricing (2009)

On the basis of arrangements currently used in telecommunications systems, this paper describes a TDP (Time-Distance-Place) low-cost system for identifying road charges on all sections of a road network; billing road users appropriately; collecting payments at the designated rates; and crediting the providers of the roads on which the travel takes place; all without identifying the travelers. The data used by the system are generated within secure in-vehicle metering units, in response to location information received from the Global Positioning System (GPS). Charge calculations are based on time of journeys (“T”); distance travelled (“D”) and places in which the journeys are made (“P”). The amounts owed are collected by competing “Network Tolling Operators” (NTOs), which have no access to journey description data. The NTOs, in their turn, pay the appropriate road providers, in the manner of E-ZPass and similar systems today, revealing to them only the total volumes of traffic for which payment is made at the relevant rates. The system described could be introduced on a voluntary basis, to co-exist with existing road payment systems. It could finance either a publicly- or a privately-provided road system, or one containing elements of both. It could also be used to bill road users for other services, such as street parking and Pay-as-you-drive (PAYD) vehicle insurance. Recent tests indicate that the costs of such pricing systems need not exceed ten per cent of revenues collected.
Can we detect influenza? (2010)

This paper will give background information on the structure of different influenza viruses and address the remote detection of viral particles using Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Also, we will mathematically predict how small to create the silver nanorods, measured by the diameter of the rod, in order for there to be a discernable enhancement in the Raman signal due to quantum properties of the rods. Finally, the future of nanotechnology in optics as it relates to medical applications will be addressed, highlighting a few of the most important possible future applications.
Makyoh Topography: Curvature Measurements and Implications for the Image Formation (1996)

A new method is developed for the measurement of the radii of curvature R of mirror-like semiconductor wafers using the magic-mirror (Makyoh) method. A flat mirror is placed beneath the sample, thus a second, “contour” image of the sample is formed beside the sample image itself. From the size deviation of the two images that results from the curvature of the sample, R can be calculated. Experimental results obtained with mirrors with known curvature show good agreement with the calculations. Implications for the general image formation mechanism are discussed as well.
Proline antagonizes GABA-induced quenching of quorum-sensing in <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> (2009)

Plants accumulate free L-proline (Pro) in response to abiotic stresses (drought and salinity) and presence of bacterial pathogens, including the tumor-inducing bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. However, the function of Pro accumulation in host-pathogen interaction is still unclear. Here, we demonstrated that Pro antagonizes plant GABA-defense in the A. tumefaciens C58-induced tumor by interfering with the import of GABA and consequently the GABA-induced degradation of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal, 3-oxo-octanoylhomoserine lactone. We identified a bacterial receptor Atu2422, which is implicated in the uptake of GABA and Pro, suggesting that Pro acts as a natural antagonist of GABA-signaling. The Atu2422 amino acid sequence contains a Venus flytrap domain that is required for trapping GABA in human GABA(B) receptors. A constructed atu2422 mutant was more virulent than the wild type bacterium; moreover, transgenic plants with a low level of Pro exhibited less severe tumor symptoms than did their wild-type parents, revealing a crucial role for Venus flytrap GABA-receptor and relative abundance of GABA and Pro in host-pathogen interaction.
The interval slide in continuity: a method of mobilizing the anterosuperior rotator cuff without disrupting the tear margins (2004)

Massive, contracted, immobile rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus tendons present difficult surgical challenges to the arthroscopic surgeon. We describe the interval slide in continuity, a release and resection of a portion of the coracohumeral ligament and rotator interval. This technique improves the mobility of the subscapularis and supraspinatus tendons but also maintains an important lateral bridge of tissue spanning the interval between the subscapularis anteriorly and the supraspinatus tendon superiorly. After repair of the subscapularis tendon, this lateral rotator interval tissue can greatly facilitate repair of the posterosuperior rotator cuff.
A Mild and Facile Route to ω-Amino Esters (1988)

Abstract Lactim ethers are conveniently prepared from the corresponding lactam. The salt prepared by protonation with HC1 or HBF4sb> is hydrclyzed in neutral water at ambient temperatures to give good yields of the ω-amino ester.
Amiloride derivatives enhance insulin release in pancreatic islets from diabetic mice (2005)

Islets from diabetic mice show some mis-regulation of intracellular pH, and their secretory capacity is consistently enhanced by DMA/amiloride. Thus, amiloride derivatives show promise as potential therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes.
Methods for Securing the Integrity of FPGA Configurations (2006)

As Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) continue to become integral parts of embedded systems, it is imperative to consider their security. While much of the research in this field is oriented toward the protection of the intellectual property contained in the FPGA’s configuration, the protection of the design’s integrity from malicious attack against the con-figuration is critical to the operation of the system. Methods for attacking the configuration are semi-invasive attacks, such as fault injection, and data tampering of incoming partial bitstreams. This thesis introduces methods for securing the integrity of an FPGA’s configuration. The design and implementation is discussed for a system that consists of three parts. The first subsystem monitors the running configuration. The second subsystem authenticates partial bistreams that may be used for repairing the configuration from malicious alterations during run-time. The third subsystem indicates if the system itself succumbs to a malicious attack. The system is implemented on-chip, allowing the FPGA to effectively secure itself from attack.
Sequencing of the Cheese Microbiome and Its Relevance to Industry (2018)

The microbiota of cheese plays a key role in determining its organoleptic and other physico-chemical properties. It is essential to understand the various contributions, positive or negative, of these microbial components in order to promote the growth of desirable taxa and, thus, characteristics. The recent application of high throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) facilitates an even more accurate identification of these microbes, and their functional properties, and has the potential to reveal those microbes, and associated pathways, responsible for favorable or unfavorable characteristics. This technology also facilitates a detailed analysis of the composition and functional potential of the microbiota of milk, curd, whey, mixed starters, processing environments, and how these contribute to the final cheese microbiota, and associated characteristics. Ultimately, this information can be harnessed by producers to optimize the quality, safety, and commercial value of their products. In this review we highlight a number of key studies in which HTS was employed to study the cheese microbiota, and pay particular attention to those of greatest relevance to industry.
Simulating the effect of cochlear-implant electrode insertion depth on speech understanding (1997)

Normally hearing listeners were presented with vowels, consonants, and sentences for identification through an acoustic simulation of a five-channel cochlear implant with electrodes separated by 4 mm (as in the Ineraid implant). The aim of the experiment was to simulate the effect of depth of electrode insertion on identification accuracy. Insertion depth was simulated by outputing sine waves from each channel of the processor at a frequency determined by the cochlear place of electrodes inserted 22–25 mm into the cochlea. The results indicate that simulated insertion depth had a significant effect on performance. Performance at 22- and 23-mm simulated insertion depths was always poorer than normal, and performance at 25-mm simulated insertion depth was, most generally, the same as normal. It is inferred from these results that, if insertion depth could be unconfounded from other coexisting factors in implant patients, then insertion depth would be found to affect speech identification performance significantly.
Geranyl Diphosphate:4-Hydroxybenzoate Geranyltransferase fromLithospermum erythrorhizon (2002)

Two cDNAs encoding geranyl diphosphate:4-hy- droxybenzoate 3-geranyltransferase were isolated from Lithospermum erythrorhizon by nested PCR using the conserved amino acid sequences among polyprenyl- transferases for ubiquinone biosynthesis. They were functionally expressed in yeast COQ2 disruptant and showed a strict substrate specificity for geranyl diphosphate as the prenyl donor, in contrast to ubiquinone biosynthetic enzymes, suggesting that they are involved in the biosynthesis of shikonin, a naphthoquinone secondary metabolite. Regulation of their expression by various culture conditions coincided with that of geranyltransferase activity and the secondary metabolites biosynthesized via this enzyme. This is the first established plant prenyltransferase that transfers the prenyl chain to an aromatic substrate.
Frequent deletions at 12q14.3 chromosomal locus in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2004)

Cytogenetic abnormalities at the 12q12-q14 chromosomal locus are rarely detected in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To examine submicroscopic deletions at this locus, we analyzed 78 adult precursor B- and T-cell ALL cases [27 with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative B-cell ALL, 20 with Ph-negative B-cell ALL with expression of one or two myeloid markers, 18 with Ph-positive B-cell ALL, and 13 with T-cell ALL] using a panel of 13 microsatellite (MST) markers that span the 12q12-q14.3 region. The status of MST markers was evaluated by use of polymerase chain reaction performed with fluorescence-labeled primers and automated fragment analysis. The MST marker analyses showed submicroscopic deletions at the 12q14.3 locus in 20 of the 78 ALL cases (26%). The frequency of deletions was highest in Ph-negative B-cell ALL (13 of 27, 48%) compared with that in Ph-negative B-cell ALL with expression of myeloid markers (4 of 20, 20%), Ph-positive B-cell ALL (2 of 18, 11%), and T-cell ALL (1 of 13, 8%). Deletion frequencies of MST markers along the 12q12-q14.3 locus suggest that the targeted gene of deletion is located within a 170-kb region bordered by the markers D12S1504 (approximately 65 kb upstream of HMGA2) and D12S1509 (in intron 3 of HMGA2) at the 12q14.3 locus. These submicroscopic deletions at the 12q14.3 locus may play a role in the pathogenesis of ALL, particularly in Ph-negative precursor B-cell ALL.
Extraction of plant proteins for two‐dimensional electrophoresis (1988)

Three different extraction procedures for two-dimensional electrophoresis of plant proteins are compared: (i) extraction of soluble proteins with a nondenaturing Tris-buffer, (ii) denaturing extraction in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate at elevated temperature allowing the solubilization of membrane proteins in addition to a recovery of soluble proteins, and (iii) a trichloroacetic acid-acetone procedure allowing the direct precipitation of total proteins.
Multi-UAV Routing for Area Coverage and Remote Sensing with Minimum Time (2015)

This paper presents a solution for the problem of minimum time coverage of ground areas using a group of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) equipped with image sensors. The solution is divided into two parts: (i) the task modeling as a graph whose vertices are geographic coordinates determined in such a way that a single UAV would cover the area in minimum time; and (ii) the solution of a mixed integer linear programming problem, formulated according to the graph variables defined in the first part, to route the team of UAVs over the area. The main contribution of the proposed methodology, when compared with the traditional vehicle routing problem's (VRP) solutions, is the fact that our method solves some practical problems only encountered during the execution of the task with actual UAVs. In this line, one of the main contributions of the paper is that the number of UAVs used to cover the area is automatically selected by solving the optimization problem. The number of UAVs is influenced by the vehicles' maximum flight time and by the setup time, which is the time needed to prepare and launch a UAV. To illustrate the methodology, the paper presents experimental results obtained with two hand-launched, fixed-wing UAVs.
Planarization for three-dimensional photonic crystals and other multi-level nanoscale structures (2007)

We describe an approach for achieving local as well as global planarization in the fabrication of multi-level nanoscale structures. Using a 'pre-fill-in' technique, where trenches are filled with SiO(2) prior to the application of a planarizing liquid, we demonstrate that the global degree of planarization can be improved from a mere approximately 25% to over approximately 90%. The first layer of a woodpile photonic lattice with a period of approximately 0.5 microm and a minimum feature size of approximately 0.2 microm is used as an example structure to illustrate the issues involved in planarization. This method provides an attractive and simpler alternative to the traditional chemical mechanical polishing approach, which can be quite complicated at nanoscale features involving non-traditional materials.
Imaging of photo-oxidative stress responses in leaves (2002)

High resolution digital imaging was used to identify sites of photo-oxidative stress responses in Arabidopsis leaves non-invasively, and to demonstrate the potential of using a suite of imaging techniques for the study of oxidative metabolism in planta. Tissue-specific photoinhibition of photosynthesis in individual chloroplasts in leaves was imaged by chlorophyll fluorescence microscopy. Singlet oxygen production was assessed by imaging the quenching of the fluorescence of dansyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole (DanePy) that results from its reaction with singlet oxygen. Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide accumulation were visualized by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) to formazan deposits and by polymerization with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB), respectively. Stress-induced expression of a gene involved with antioxidant metabolism was imaged from the bioluminescence from leaves of an Arabidopsis APX2-LUC transformant, which co-expresses an ascorbate peroxidase (APX2) with firefly luciferase. Singlet oxygen and superoxide production were found to be primarily located in mesophyll tissues whereas hydrogen peroxide accumulation and APX2 gene expression were primarily localized in the vascular tissues.
The Catalytic Hydrogenation of Some Organic Acids in Alkaline Solution (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Catalytic Hydrogenation of Some Organic Acids in Alkaline SolutionBruce B. Allen, B. Woodrow. Wyatt, and Henry R. HenzeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 4, 843–846Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01873a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01873a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views193Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
EmpaTweet: Annotating and Detecting Emotions on Twitter (2012)

The rise of micro-blogging in recent years has resulted in significant access to emotion-laden text. Unlike emotion expressed in other textual sources (e.g., blogs, quotes in newswire, email, product reviews, or even clinical text), micro-blogs differ by (1) placing a strict limit on length, resulting radically in new forms of emotional expression, and (2) encouraging users to express their daily thoughts in real-time, often resulting in far more emotion statements than might normally occur. In this paper, we introduce a corpus collected from Twitter with annotated micro-blog posts (or “tweets”) annotated at the tweet-level with seven emotions: ANGER, DISGUST, FEAR, JOY, LOVE, SADNESS, and SURPRISE. We analyze how emotions are distributed in the data we annotated and compare it to the distributions in other emotion-annotated corpora. We also used the annotated corpus to train a classifier that automatically discovers the emotions in tweets. In addition, we present an analysis of the linguistic style used for expressing emotions our corpus. We hope that these observations will lead to the design of novel emotion detection techniques that account for linguistic style and psycholinguistic theories.
Automated method for the rapid and precise estimation of adherent cell culture characteristics from phase contrast microscopy images (2013)

The quantitative determination of key adherent cell culture characteristics such as confluency, morphology, and cell density is necessary for the evaluation of experimental outcomes and to provide a suitable basis for the establishment of robust cell culture protocols. Automated processing of images acquired using phase contrast microscopy (PCM), an imaging modality widely used for the visual inspection of adherent cell cultures, could enable the non-invasive determination of these characteristics. We present an image-processing approach that accurately detects cellular objects in PCM images through a combination of local contrast thresholding and post hoc correction of halo artifacts. The method was thoroughly validated using a variety of cell lines, microscope models and imaging conditions, demonstrating consistently high segmentation performance in all cases and very short processing times (<1 s per 1,208 × 960 pixels image). Based on the high segmentation performance, it was possible to precisely determine culture confluency, cell density, and the morphology of cellular objects, demonstrating the wide applicability of our algorithm for typical microscopy image processing pipelines. Furthermore, PCM image segmentation was used to facilitate the interpretation and analysis of fluorescence microscopy data, enabling the determination of temporal and spatial expression patterns of a fluorescent reporter. We created a software toolbox (PHANTAST) that bundles all the algorithms and provides an easy to use graphical user interface. Source-code for MATLAB and ImageJ is freely available under a permissive open-source license.
A Pulse-Based Feature Extractor for Spike Sorting Neural Signals (2007)

Spike sorting is often required for analyzing neural recordings to isolate the activity of single neurons. Wave shape analysis in the spike sorting procedure provides a means to detect spikes while minimizing the influence of false alarms. As neural recording techniques allow for recording hundreds of electrodes, power is too limited in neural implants for current spike sorting algorithms. Even with spike sorting at the back-end where more power is available, the bandwidth is too limited to transmit enough information for current spike sorting techniques. A low-power pulse-based feature extractor presented in the paper is a solution to the bandwidth bottleneck. It reduces the bandwidth of the neural signal by several orders of magnitude while preserving enough information for spike sorting
The First Testbed Demonstration of a Flexible Bandwidth Network with a Real-Time Adaptive Control Plane (2011)

We demonstrate a flexible-bandwidth network testbed with a real-time adaptive control plane that adjusts modulation format and spectrum-positioning to maintain QoS and high spectral efficiency. A low-speed supervisory channel and FPGAs enable real-time impairment detection.