gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Administration of Follistatin: Delivery to the Liver and Effect on Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy (1996)

When 1 microgram 125I-follistatin was administered into a rat intravenously, radioactivity levels in serum decreased rapidly. Analysis with a biexponential equation showed that the initial half-life and the terminal half-life were 4.0 and 130.8 minutes, respectively. After 2 hours of infusion, approximately 9% of the follistatin infused remained in the liver, which was much more than that in kidney, spleen, pancreas, intestine, or lung. Autoradiography of the liver obtained at 24 hours of infusion revealed that numerous grains were located in parenchymal cells. Radioactivity of 125I-follistatin in the liver remained elevated until 72 hours and declined markedly thereafter. When a booster shot of 125I-follistatin was administered at 72 hours, radioactivity in the liver at 120 hours was markedly increased compared with that in rats that received a single shot of 125I-follistatin. We then examined the effect of intravenous infusion of follistatin on liver regeneration after hepatectomy of 70%. Immediately after the hepatectomy, either 1 microgram follistatin or saline was infused intravenously. In some rats, a booster shot was infused at 72 hours. After 120 hours of hepatectomy of 70%, remnant liver weight, liver regeneration rate, and DNA content were significantly (P < .05) higher in rats that received a booster shot of follistatin at 72 hours than those in control rats. These results indicate that follistatin administered intravenously accumulates in the liver and promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.
The effects of lead on the developing central nervous system of the rat. (1983)

Biochemical and structural development of the cerebral cortex of rat pups is delayed by low levels of lead administered in the dam's drinking water during gestation and suckling periods. These changes in brain development coincide with delays in the development of exploratory and locomotor activity and impaired learning. Subsequent cross-fostering experiments have shown that delays in synaptogenesis and in the development of exploratory behavior were attributed entirely to the prenatal, as opposed to the postnatal, exposure to lead at the low dose levels utilized. Examination of the variations in blood lead concentrations in pups and dams during gestation and until weaning at 21 days of postnatal age indicated that a substantial increase in blood lead concentrations occurred late in pregnancy. At 200 mg of Pb/liter of drinking water, peak blood Pb concentrations were observed to be approximately 60 micrograms/dl in dams and 80 micrograms/dl in pups on the 20th day of gestation. By the 10th postnatal day blood Pb concentrations had decreased to 35 micrograms/dl in dams and 40 microgram/dl in pups despite an increased consumption of drinking water containing the same concentration of Pb during this period. (Delays in cerebral cortical development were observed after 10 days of postnatal age). Tracer studies utilizing 203Pb indicate that the rate of Pb absorption was substantially increased in the pregnant, relative to the non-pregnant, dam. Although a similar increase in 45Ca absorption was also observed during pregnancy, increases in Pb absorption were enhanced by Pb-pretreatment, whereas Ca absorption was independent of Pb-pretreatment. From this data it is concluded that the apparently greater sensitivity of postnatal development on prenatal Pb exposure is secondary to enhanced Pb absorption in the pregnant rat. In vitro metabolic studies in isolated cerebral cortex slices taken from 15 day old rat pups exposed to Pb revealed increased glucose and oxygen consumption in response to elevations in the potassium concentration of the incubation media. This evidence of metabolic uncoupling in the immature rat cerebral cortex may be causally related to the measured delays in brain development.
Root hydrotropism of an agravitropic pea mutant, ageotropum (1991)

We have partially characterized root hydrotropism of an agravitropic pea mutant, ageotropum (from Pisum sativum L. cv. Weibull's Weitor), without interference of gravitropism. Lowering the atmospheric air humidity inhibited root elongation and caused root curvature toward the moisture‐saturated substrate in ageotropum pea. Removal of root tips approximately 1.5 mm in length blocked the hydrotropic response. A computer‐assisted image analysis showed that the hydrotropic curvature in the roots of ageotropum pea was chiefly due to a greater inhibition of elongation on the humid side than the dry side of the roots. Similarly, gravitropic curvature of Alaska pea roots resulted from inhibition of elongation on the lower side of the horizontally placed roots, while the upper side of the roots maintained a normal growth rate. Gravitropic bending of Alaska pea roots was apparent 30 min after stimulation, whereas differential growth as well as curvature in positive root hydrotropism of ageotropum pea became visible 4–5 h after the continuous hydrostimulation. Application of 2,3,5‐triiodobenzoic acid or ethyleneglycol‐bis‐( β ‐aminoethylether)‐N,N,N',N'‐tetraacetic acid was inhibitory to both root hydrotropism of ageotropum pea and root gravitropism of Alaska pea. Some mutual response mechanism for both hydrotropism and gravitropism may exist in roots, although the stimulusperception mechanisms differ from one another.
Zeta Potential for Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: A Predictive Model Developed by a Nano-Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship Approach (2015)

Physico–chemical characterization of nanoparticles in the context of their transport and fate in the environment is an important challenge for risk assessment of nanomaterials. One of the main characteristics that defines the behavior of nanoparticles in solution is zeta potential (ζ). In this paper, we have demonstrated the relationship between zeta potential and a series of intrinsic physico–chemical features of 15 metal oxide nanoparticles revealed by computational study. The here-developed quantitative structure–property relationship model (nano-QSPR) was able to predict the ζ of metal oxide nanoparticles utilizing only two descriptors: (i) the spherical size of nanoparticles, a parameter from numerical analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, and (ii) the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital per metal atom, a theoretical descriptor calculated by quantum mechanics at semiempirical level of theory (PM6 method). The obtained consensus model is characterized by reasonably good predictivity (QEXT2 = 0.87). Therefore, the developed model can be utilized for in silico evaluation of properties of novel engineered nanoparticles. This study is a first step in developing a comprehensive and computationally based system to predict physico–chemical properties that are responsible for aggregation phenomena in metal oxide nanoparticles.
A scalable volume-confined phase change memory using physical vapor deposition (2013)

To improve writing bandwidth for phase change memory (PCM) volume-confined cells are proposed to reduce the reset current [1, 2]. So far, CVD or ALD GST must be used to fill the small hole, with several negative issues. This work proposes and demonstrates a PVD GST volume-confined structure by using an isolation-last process. In our structure, a low aspect ratio (<; 1) trench is created and PVD GST is deposited in the bottom and the sidewalls of the trench uniformly, and then covered by SiN. This protects the GST from etching damage and small VC phase change elements can be fabricated. The electrical characteristics show much reduced reset current and good endurance behavior because of the improved heating efficiency and the congruent melting [3] in VC PCM. PVD GST is much more flexible in materials selection and doping, thus has better scalability because of the ideal PC element size match with the selecting device.
1′'-Benzyl-5′′-benzylidene-1′-methyl-4′-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-indole-3-spiro-2′-pyrrolidine-3′-spiro-3′′-piperidine-2(3<i>H</i>),3′′-dione (2003)

The title compound, C36H33N3O2, was synthesized by the intermolecular [3 + 2]-cyclo­addition of azomethine yl­ide, derived from isatin and sarcosine by a de­carboxyl­ative route, and 1-benzyl-3,5-di­benzyl­idene-piperidin-4-one. There are two ­spiro junctions in the mol­ecule, which consists of a nearly planar 2-ox­indole ring, an envelope pyrrolidine ring and a chair piperidone ring. There is an intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, the N⋯O distance being 2.835 (3) Å.
An efficient propulsion system for untethered submersible vehicles (2005)

Manned and unmanned submersible systems have, since their inception, been propelled by screw propeller or ducted thruster units and controlled by rudders and dive planes or ducted thrusters oriented along each axes. Either of these methods present a number of disadvantages for untethered vehicle applications. This includes in the case of a screw propeller with rudder, no hover capability and a lack of low speed maneuverability. The ducted thrusters oriented along each of the three axes result in a larger, more complex system typically not capable of high speed operation, while consuming more power. The Tandem Propeller System (TPS) provides a module that is capable of both propulsion and control in all six degrees of freedom from a single assembly. The capability for both high speed transit and precise maneuverability is ideally suited to untethered unmanned vehicle systems. The TPS is discussed in detail including the theory of operation and its applicability to untethered vehicle systems.
Direct assessment of molecular transport in mordenite: dominance of surface resistances (2009)

For the first time, macroscopic and microscopic diffusion measurements were combined for a single system: n-hexane in mordenite. Using tapered element oscillating microbalance and IR microimaging results, we unequivocally proved the dominant role of surface barriers for molecular transport.
Generalization of the Thermal Dose of Hyperthermia in Oncology (2015)

Hyperthermia has been a modality to treat cancer for thousands of years. During this time, intensive efforts are concentrated on determining the dose of the proper treatment, but the dominantly in vitro induced cellular death does not provide enough confidence for the clinical dosing. The cell-death by heat-monotherapy applications in laboratory experiments is difficult to apply in the complementary therapies in clinical applications. The newly developed nanotechnologies offer completely new possibilities in this field as well. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT, trade-name Oncothermia) is a nanoheating technology that has selective effects on membrane rafts and on the transmembrane proteins. This effect is thermal. The thermal action is in nanoscopic range which makes the phenomenon special. Our objective is to show the dose concept on this emerging method.
Zeolites as Catalysts.I (1968)

Abstract Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates of the general formula Mv(AlO2)x(SiO2)y ZH2O in which M is either a monovalent or divalent cation. In the former case v is equal to x, whereas if M is divalent v is equal to one-half x. The cation can be exchanged reversibly without destroying the aluminosilicate framework. The water can also be removed without destroying the framework and can be replaced by other molecules whose molecular dimensions are smaller than the pore size of the cavities that are regularly distributed in the framework. The zeolites both occur naturally and can be made synthetically on either laboratory or industrial scale. In recent years they have assumed great technical importance as adsorbents and catalysts. They are also important from a structural point of view, since they represent the next degree of complexity of structure after that of large molecules.
Quasi-optical duplexer in 220GHz (2010)

Recently, system designers have looked toward the higher frequency, shorter wavelength (to THz), consequently the device requires smaller and more precision. Many methods in microwave band are not feasible to THz. This paper describes a duplexer (Its main components is polarizing beam splitter and polarization converter.) works in the radar system set-up at 220GHz. After simulations, the exact model size is confirmed and the calculated data show a good result. These components have an advantage is easy to machining. At last, the main components have been fabricated and tested. And the experiment results show the feasible of this duplexer.
Characteristics of I-125 4-IQNB and H-3 QNB in vivo and in vitro. [Rats] (1984)

The accumulation of (R)-(H-3)-3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (H-3 QNB) and (R,S)-1-azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-3-yl (R,S)-alpha-hydroxy-(4-(I-125)iodophenyl)benzeneacetate (I-125 4-IQNB) in heart, caudate/putamen, and cerebellum of rats was determined at intervals from 15 min to 4 hr after injection. The behavior of the two radiotracers in the heart is consistent with in vitro results with respect to affinities and specificities. In the brain, however, the compounds differ in tissue selectivity. At high specific activity, neither compound provides localization that is consistent with the concentration of receptor in the tissues. The results of this study do not indicate quantification of receptor concentration by means of single external images.
Transformation of Metal–Organic Framework to Polymer Gel by Cross-Linking the Organic Ligands Preorganized in Metal–Organic Framework (2013)

Until now, seamless fusion of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalently cross-linked polymer gels (PG) at molecular level has been extremely rare, since these two matters have been regarded as opposite, that is, hard versus soft. In this report, we demonstrate transformation of cubic MOF crystals to PG via inner cross-linking of the organic linkers in the void space of MOF, followed by decomposition of the metal coordination. The obtained PG behaved as a polyelectrolyte gel, indicating the high content of ionic groups inside. Metal ions were well adsorbed in the PG due to its densely packed carboxylate groups. A chimera-type hybrid material consisting of MOF and PG was obtained by partial hydrolysis of resulting cross-linked MOF. The shape of resulting PG network well reflected the crystal structure of MOF employed as a template. Our results will connect the two different network materials that have been ever studied in the two different fields to provide new soft and hard hybrid materials, and the unique copolymerization in the large void space of the MOF will open a new horizon toward "ideal network polymers" never prepared before now.
Translation initiation factor eIF‐4A1 mRNA is consistently overexpressed in human melanoma cells in vitro (1997)

The oncogenic potential of translation initiation factors (eIF-4E and eIF-2α) has been described in previous studies leading to the definition of translational oncogenes. Two previously isolated cDNA clones, expressed differently in human melanoma cells and normal human melanocytes, were identified in this study as coding for the translation initiation factor eIF-4AI. Northern-blot analysis revealed consistent overexpression of eIF-4AI mRNA in a panel of 14 melanoma cell lines (on an average 5.6 times higher than in cultures of normal human melanocytes). In contrast, the mRNAs of the other group-4 translation initiation factors (eIF-4A2, eIF-4B, eIF-4E and eIF-4γ) were less and not consistently elevated. Cultures of congenital melanocytic nevi exhibited intermediate expression of eIF-4AI. Thus, eIF-4AI overexpression seems to be an important feature of melanoma cells and might contribute to their malignant transformation. Int. J. Cancer 71:396-401, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss Inc.
Liver-Derived Systemic Factors Drive β Cell Hyperplasia in Insulin-Resistant States (2013)

Integrative organ crosstalk regulates key aspects of energy homeostasis, and its dysregulation may underlie metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. To test the hypothesis that crosstalk between the liver and pancreatic islets modulates β cell growth in response to insulin resistance, we used the liver-specific insulin receptor knockout (LIRKO) mouse, a unique model that exhibits dramatic islet hyperplasia. Using complementary in vivo parabiosis and transplantation assays, as well as in vitro islet culture approaches, we demonstrate that humoral, nonneural, non-cell-autonomous factor(s) induces β cell proliferation in LIRKO mice. Furthermore, we report that a hepatocyte-derived factor(s) stimulates mouse and human β cell proliferation in ex vivo assays, independent of ambient glucose and insulin levels. These data implicate the liver as a critical source of β cell growth factor(s) in insulin-resistant states.
PARTIAL INHIBITION OF ALLOGRAFT ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (CHRONIC REJECTION) BY 15-DEOXYSPERGUALIN1 (1994)

15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) is an immunosuppressive drug that suppresses monocyte/macrophage function and/or T cell induction and early differentiation of B lymphocytes. It is as effective as cyclosporine in the prevention of acute rejection. We have investigated the effects of DSG on rat aortic allograft arteriosclerosis (chronic rejection). DSG was administered to the recipient rat at a dose of 0.3-10 mg/kg/day i.p. for 1-3 months, after which recipients were sacrificed. Histological changes were quantitated from paraffin sections. DSG is effective in chronic rejection in rat aortic allografts and reduces all three manifestations in the vascular wall--adventitial inflammation, media necrosis, and intimal thickening. At the dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day we demonstrated significant inhibition of adventitial inflammation from 10.6 point score units (psu) to 4.7 psu (P < 0.05), of media necrosis (P = 0.004) and of intimal thickening from 2.9 psu to 0.8 psu (P = 0.008). The therapeutic window was small in the long-term experiment. Doses of 3-10 mg/kg/day were toxic and 0.3 mg/kg/day was ineffective. In vitro smooth muscle cell proliferation was not inhibited by DSG and in the in vivo carotic denudation model DSG had no inhibitory effects either. These results suggest that DSG works via suppression of the immune/inflammatory response rather than via a direct antiproliferative effect on smooth muscle cells.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Patellar Tendon (1994)

Patellar tendon grafts used in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament may be subjected to thousands of knee flexion-extension cycles during the early postoperative period. The purpose of this study was to model experimentally the patellar tendon graft wear-related damage and failure at the femoral tunnel during simulated knee motion of 0 degrees to 112 degrees of flexion at 1 cycle/sec. To evaluate the effects of 2 different femoral tunnel orientations, tunnel chamfering, and 3 different graft loads on graft survival, 25 calf femurs and patellar tendons were used. All 5 specimens with a "straight-line" femoral tunnel and an applied load of 5 pounds (22.3 N) survived greater than 125,000 cycles. All 5 of the 5-pound unchamfered transverse tunnel grafts failed at an average of 19,869 cycles, but chamfering transverse tunnels resulted in the survival of 4 of 5 specimens. Decreasing the load to 2 pounds (8.9 N) for transverse unchamfered tunnels increased survival to 1 of 5, and cycles to failure to 75,132. If patellar tendon grafts used to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament are subjected to large numbers of flexion-extension cycles, the risk of wear-related damage and early failure may be decreased by straight-line femoral tunnel orientation, by chamfering of more transverse tunnels, or by avoiding large graft preloads.
Investigation of the contributions to the silicon-29 MAS NMR line widths of zeolites and detection of crystallographically inequivalent sites by the study of highly siliceous zeolites (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of the contributions to the silicon-29 MAS NMR line widths of zeolites and detection of crystallographically inequivalent sites by the study of highly siliceous zeolitesColin A. Fyfe, G. C. Gobbi, W. J. Murphy, R. S. Ozubko, and D. A. SlackCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 16, 4435–4438Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00328a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00328a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiferroicity in polarized single-phase Bi0.875Sm0.125FeO3 ceramics (2006)

Single-phase Bi0.875Sm0.125FeO3 ceramics were prepared, and their crystal structure and multiferroic properties were studied. The triclinic structure with P1 space group was confirmed in the ceramics by refining the x-ray diffraction data. Large piezoelectric d33 coefficient of 29pC∕N, together with high remnant polarization of 15.09μC∕cm2, was measured at room temperature, suggesting the existence of long-range ferroelectric order on a macroscopic scale. The observed small remnant magnetization of 0.071emu∕g at room temperature as a result of the collapse of the space-modulated spin structure indicated the presence of long-range canted antiferromagnetic order on a macroscopic scale. The coexistence of the long-range ferroelectric and canted antiferromagnetic orders allowed the magnetoelectric effect below the antiferromagnetic Néel temperature of 265°C near which magnetoelectric coupling was obvious.
Adverse drug reactions related to amoxicillin alone and in association with clavulanic acid: data from spontaneous reporting in Italy (2007)

Analysis shows a different safety profile for the two selected drugs. The combination of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid has been increasingly used in Italy and now represents the most frequently antibiotic prescribed by Italian general practitioners. Given the documented level of inappropriate use of beta-lactams in Italy, these results should be taken into account by physicians before prescribing amoxicillin/clavulanic acid to patients.