gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Retrospektive und prospektive Verfahren zur bildbasierten Korrektur von Patientenkopfbewegungen bei neurofunktioneller Magnetresonanztomographie in Echtzeit (2001)

Schon kleine Kopfbewegungen des Patienten während neurofunktionellen Messungen mit Magnetresonanz können massive Artefakte in den resultierenden Aktivierungskarten des Gehirns verursachen. Signifikante Verbesserungen durch die Anwendung von aufwendigen Korrekturverfahren sind unbestritten, die oft stundenlangen Rechenzeiten behindern jedoch häufig einen Einsatz. In Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden für eine echtzeitfähige, retrospektive 3DBewegungskorrektur entwickelt, welche die erforderliche Rechenzeit auf unter 25 der Meßzeit reduzieren. Das Verfahren benötigt bei typischen Datensätzen pro Meßvolumen ~150ms für die Detektion der Bewegung und ~500ms für die Korrektur. Es wurde ein Modell über die Einflüsse von Rauschen auf die Korrektur entwickelt und anhand von Simulationen und Messungen überprüft. Eine Detektionsgenauigkeit der entwickelten Methoden von <0.2mm kann für die funktionelle Bildgebung belegt werden. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, daß zur Vermeidung von Artefakten durch retrospektive Korrekturen Anforderungen an die Daten gestellt werden müssen, die mit den heutigen Akquisitionstechniken nicht realisierbar sind. Durch die Echtzeitfähigkeit der entwickelten Verfahren ergibt sich weiterhin erstmals die Möglichkeit, einer präzisen prospektiven Bewe-gungskorrektur, welche Bewegungen kompensiert, indem die Schichtpositionen und -orientierungen mit dem Patientenkopf mitgeführt werden. Es konnte erstmals nachgewiesen werden, daß durch eine ausreichend genaue prospektive Bewegungskorrektur die theoretisch erwarteten Verbesserungen gegenüber retrospektiven Verfahren in der Praxis tatsächlich genutzt werden können. Ferner wurden die entwickelten Korrekturverfahren erfolgreich für Fragestellungen außerhalb der neurofunktionellen Bildgebung verwendet.
DroidLink: Automated Generation of Deep Links for Android Apps (2016)

The mobile application (app) has become the main entrance to access the Internet on handheld devices. Unlike the Web where each webpage has a global URL to reach directly, a specific "content page" of an app can be opened only by exploring the app with several operations from the landing page. The interoperability between apps is quite fixed and thus limits the value-added "linked data" between apps. Recently, deep link has been proposed to enable targeting and opening a specific page of an app externally with an accessible uniform resource identifier (URI). However, implementing deep link for mobile apps requires a lot of manual efforts by app developers, which can be very error-prone and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose DroidLink to automatically generating deep links for existing Android apps. We design a deep link model suitable for automatic generation. Then we explore the transition of pages and build a navigation graph based on static and dynamic analysis of Android apps. Next, we realize an updating mechanism that keeps on revisiting the target app and discover new pages, and thus generates deep links for every single page of the app. Finally, we repackage the app with deep link supports, but requires no additional deployment requirements. We generate deep links for some popular apps and demonstrate the feasibility of DroidLink.
Development of a contextual thinking engine in mobile devices (2014)

This paper introduces a framework of contextual thinking in mobile devices. It is based on real-time sensing of local time, significant locations, location-dwelling states, and user states to infer significant activities. A significant activity is a well-defined activity to be inferred, for example, waiting for a bus, having a meeting, working in office, taking a break in a coffee shop et al. A significant location is defined as a geofence, which can be a node associated with a circle, or a polygon. A location-dwelling state is defined as enter into a significant location, the location-dwelling duration, or exit from a significant location. A user state is a combination of user mobility states, user actions, user social states and event psychological states. With this initial study, we just focus on the user motion states including static, slow walking, walking and fast moving that can be fast walking or driving. However, the framework and the activity inference algorithm are flexible for adopting other user states in the future. Using the measurements of the built-in sensors and radio signals in mobile devices, we can capture a snapshot of a contextual tuple for every second, which includes a time tag, an ID of a significant location, a location-dwelling duration, and a user state. The sequence of contextual tuples is used as the inputs for inferring the user significant activities. The contextual thinking engine will evaluate the posteriori probability of each significant activity for each given contextual tuple using a Bayesian approach. An "un-defined" activity is adopted to cover all activities other than the selected significant activities. A prototype of the contextual thinking engine has been developed in the Geospatial Computing Lab at Texas A&M University Corpus Christi. A test environment was setup on the campus. Six significant activities were defined and tested by two different testers for three days using two different smartphones. These significant activities include: 1) working in an office; 2) having a meeting; 3) having a lunch, 4) having a coffee break, 5) visiting the library, and 6) waiting for a bus. An "un-defined" activity was included to cover all activities other than the selected significant activities. The inferred activities were then compared with the labeled activities to assess the performance of the contextual thinking engine. We demonstrated that the success rate of inference was more than 90% on average. We recognized that the positioning accuracy plays a significant role in the inference algorithm because it has direct impact to two elements in the contextual tuple: the significant location and the location-dwelling duration.
Genome-wide analysis of signal peptide functionality in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 (2009)

This is the first comprehensive experimental study showing that predicted SPs in the L. plantarum genome actually are capable of driving protein secretion. The results reveal considerable variation between the SPs that is at least in part dependent on the protein that is secreted. Several SPs stand out as promising candidates for efficient secretion of heterologous proteins in L. plantarum. The results for NucA provide some hints as to the sequence-based prediction of SP functionality, but the general conclusion is that such prediction is difficult. The vector library generated in this study is based on exchangeable cassettes and provides a powerful tool for rapid experimental screening of SPs.
Photochemistry of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene-1,2-diarylcyclopropane systems. Photocycloaddition and photoisomerization (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene-1,2-diarylcyclopropane systems. Photocycloaddition and photoisomerizationKazuhiko Mizuno, Nobuyuki Ichinose, and Yoshio OtsujiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 6, 1855–1860Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00032a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00032a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views400Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Subnanosecond-Resolved X-ray Diffraction at the SPring-8 High Flux Beamline BL40XU (2004)

We present subnanosecond‐resolved X‐ray diffraction experiments at the SPring‐8 high flux beamline BL40XU by use of time structure of synchrotron radiation. A phase‐locked mechanical chopper (x‐ray pulse selector), which is made by Forschungszentrum Jülich, has minimum opening time of 400 nanoseconds and generates single‐bunch x‐ray pulse trains with variable intervals of 1–2 millisecond (0.5–1 kHz) depending on the rotation speed and with the x‐ray pulse duration of ∼ 30 picoseconds from the hybrid bunch mode (D‐mode) of the SPring‐8 ring operation. The interval of pulse trains is further expanded to more than 1 second by another slower shutter, if necessary. The pulse train is applicable to time‐resolved diffraction experiments with both monochromatic and pink beams. An observed Laue data set from lysozyme crystal showed sufficient quality to refine the protein structure at 1.9 Å resolution. A 10‐nanosecond pulse from a Nd:YAG laser initiating photoreaction in a crystal can be synchronized with the X‐ray pulse. Installation of a mode‐locked Ti:sapphire laser/regenerative amplifier system which has a pulse duration of ∼ 2 picoseconds for further pump‐probe experiments is also planed.
Catheter Management in Hemodialysis Patients (2010)

Over 330,000 individuals in the United States depend on hemodialysis (HD), the majority as a result of end-stage renal disease. Sustainable vascular access can be achieved through arteriovenous fistulas, arteriovenous grafts, or tunneled catheters. Tunneled dialysis catheters (TDCs) often remain in use for months or even years, long beyond their initial intended use as a bridging device. Research efforts are focused on identifying strategies to prevent/minimize the risk of the most common catheter-related complications: thrombotic occlusion and infection. Thrombotic occlusion of TDCs prevents adequate dialysis but can be managed successfully through thrombolytic agents to restore/improve blood flow in the majority of patients, allowing immediate HD delivery and prolonging usability of the TDC. Occasionally, catheter exchange with fibrin sheath disruption is needed to preserve the site. Surface-treated catheters could improve the morbidity and mortality associated with HD delivery via an indwelling catheter, but results from studies have been disappointing to date. We review the etiology of catheter-based access failure and the monitoring and interventional steps that should be taken to maintain the patency and safety of catheters for HD. Wherever possible we note the areas in which there is scant data where further randomized clinical trials are needed.
G protein βγ subunit activates Ras, Raf, and MAP kinase in HEK 293 cells (1995)

Using transient transfection of HEK 293 cells, we have studied the activation of Ras, c-Raf, and MAP kinase by G protein-coupled receptors, activated G protein alpha subunit (G alpha), and beta gamma subunits (G beta gamma). The expression of constitutively activated Gs alpha, Gi alpha, and G11 alpha did not have any effect on MAP kinase phosphorylation. In contrast, overexpression of G beta gamma could stimulate the phosphorylation of MAP kinase and enhance the MEK kinase activity of c-Raf. Coexpression of dominant negative Ras inhibited G beta gamma-induced phosphorylation of MAP kinase. Furthermore, the GTP-bound form of Ras was increased by overexpression of G beta gamma. These results strongly suggest that the G beta gamma may play an important role in signaling from G protein-coupled receptors to the MAP kinase pathway, and the activation of Ras and c-Raf may be involved in this signaling cascade in HEK 293 cells.
Blockade and reversal of spinal morphine tolerance by peptide and non‐peptide calcitonin gene‐related peptide receptor antagonists (2000)

This study examined the effects of the peptide CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP(8-37) and the newly-developed non-peptide CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN4096BS for their potential to both inhibit the development and reverse tolerance to the antinociceptive action of morphine. Repeated administration of intrathecal morphine (15 microg), once daily, produced a progressive decline of antinociceptive effect and an increase in the ED(50) value in the tailflick and paw pressure tests. Co-administration of CGRP(8-37) (4 microg) or BIBN4096BS (0.05, 0.1 microg) with morphine (15 microg) prevented the decline of antinociceptive effect and increase in ED(50) value in the tailflick test. Intrathecal administration of the CGRP receptor antagonists did not alter the baseline responses in either tests. Acute CGRP(8-37) also did not potentiate the acute actions of spinal morphine. In animals rendered tolerant to intrathecal morphine, subsequent administration of CGRP(8-37) (4 microg) with morphine (15 microg) partially restored the antinociceptive effect and ED(50) value of acute morphine, reflecting the reversal of tolerance. Animals tolerant to intrathecal morphine expressed increased CGRP and substance P-like immunostaining in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The increase in CGRP, but not substance P-like immunostaining, was blocked by a co-treatment with CGRP(8-37) (4 microg). In animals already tolerant to morphine, the increase in CGRP but not substance P-like immunostaining was partially reversed by CGRP(8-37) (4 microg). These data suggest that activation of spinal CGRP receptors contributes to both the development and expression of spinal opioid tolerance. CGRP receptor antagonists may represent a useful therapeutic approach for preventing as well as reversing opioid tolerance.
Polarization-insensitive wavelength conversion using fiber four-wave mixing with two orthogonal pumps at different frequencies (1994)

Wavelength conversion is being studied for future optical networks, and polarization insensitivity is desired for practical applications. Although several conversion schemes have been proposed, there is only one work that has reported on polarization-insensitive conversion using fiber four-wave mixing (FWM) with a looped configuration.1
Highly stable 65 nm node (CMOS5) 0.56 μm/sup 2/ SRAM cell design for very low operation voltage (2004)

We show very high density embedded 6T-SRAM cell of 0.56 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. This is the smallest value reported so far. Developed embedded SRAM cell achieves adequate SNM of 90 mV at 0.6 V on high performance 65 nm SoC platform (CMOS5).
RF Characterization of Zero-Biased Photodiodes (2008)

The characteristics of zero-biased InGaAs p-i-n photodiodes were studied for use as optical transducers in an in situ phased array radar calibrator. Radio frequency (RF) operation is especially important for the intended application in which the zero-biased photodiodes drive patch antennas embedded in a radome. The photodiodes act as sources for real-time calibration of the phase and amplitude of each array element and will operate with only optical input from a modulated optical fiber link. Unfortunately, little is known of the RF performance of photodiodes operated without voltage bias. In this paper, both the dc and RF performance of a particular photodiode were studied to determine the optimum operating conditions and to understand the type and severity of any limitations.
International guidelines for the<i>in vivo</i>assessment of skin properties in non‐clinical settings: Part 2. transepidermal water loss and skin hydration (2013)

It is anticipated that these guidelines will promote consistent data reporting, which will facilitate inter-comparison of study results.
Comparison of the bindin proteins of Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, S. purpuratus, and Lytechinus variegatus: sequences involved in the species specificity of fertilization. (1991)

Bindin is the sea urchin sperm acrosomal protein that is responsible for the species-specific adhesion of the sperm to the egg. Two new bindin cDNA sequences that contain the entire open reading frame for the binding precursor are reported: one for Strongylocentrotus franciscanus and one for Lytechinus variegatus. Both contain inverted repetitive sequences in their 3' untranslated regions, and the S. franciscanus cDNA contains an inverted repetitive sequence match between the 5' untranslated region and the coding region. The middle third of the mature bindin sequence is highly conserved in all three species, and the flanking sequences share short repeated sequences that vary in number between the species. Cross-fertilization data are reported for the species S. purpuratus, S. franciscanus, L. variegatus, and L. pictus. A barrier to cross-fertilization exists between the sympatric Strongylocentrotus species, but there is no barrier between the allopatric Lytechinus species.
Proximal femur: assessment for osteoporosis with T2* decay characteristics at MR imaging. (1998)

MR imaging decay characteristics of bone marrow could be used to differentiate between postmenopausal women with and those without osteoporotic hip fractures.
The Sensitivity of Children to Electromagnetic Fields (2005)

In today's world, technologic developments bring social and economic benefits to large sections of society; however, the health consequences of these developments can be difficult to predict and manage. With rapid advances in electromagnetic field (EMF) technologies and communications, children are increasingly exposed to EMFs at earlier and earlier ages. Consistent epidemiologic evidence of an association between childhood leukemia and exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields has led to their classification by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a "possible human carcinogen." Concerns about the potential vulnerability of children to radio frequency (RF) fields have been raised because of the potentially greater susceptibility of their developing nervous systems; in addition, their brain tissue is more conductive, RF penetration is greater relative to head size, and they will have a longer lifetime of exposure than adults. To evaluate information relevant to children's sensitivity to both ELF and RF EMFs and to identify research needs, the World Health Organization held an expert workshop in Istanbul, Turkey, in June 2004. This article is based on discussions from the workshop and provides background information on the development of the embryo, fetus, and child, with particular attention to the developing brain; an outline of childhood susceptibility to environmental toxicants and childhood diseases implicated in EMF studies; and a review of childhood exposure to EMFs. It also includes an assessment of the potential susceptibility of children to EMFs and concludes with a recommendation for additional research and the development of precautionary policies in the face of scientific uncertainty.
An efficient carrier frequency offset estimation scheme for an OFDM system (2002)

An efficient carrier frequency offset estimation scheme is proposed for an OFDM system. The proposed scheme estimates frequency offset normalized by subcarrier spacing in two steps: tracking and acquisition steps. The estimation range and the variance of the estimation error are computed by simulation. It is shown that the proposed scheme has a large estimation range without degrading the variance of the estimation error. The proposed scheme has higher throughput efficiency and lower computational complexity than other schemes by using only one pilot OFDM block instead of two.
Nanodome Solar Cells with Efficient Light Management and Self-Cleaning (2009)

Here for the first time, we demonstrate novel nanodome solar cells, which have periodic nanoscale modulation for all layers from the bottom substrate, through the active absorber to the top transparent contact. These devices combine many nanophotonic effects to both efficiently reduce reflection and enhance absorption over a broad spectral range. Nanodome solar cells with only a 280 nm thick hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer can absorb 94% of the light with wavelengths of 400-800 nm, significantly higher than the 65% absorption of flat film devices. Because of the nearly complete absorption, a very large short-circuit current of 17.5 mA/cm(2) is achieved in our nanodome devices. Excitingly, the light management effects remain efficient over a wide range of incident angles, favorable for real environments with significant diffuse sunlight. We demonstrate nanodome devices with a power efficiency of 5.9%, which is 25% higher than the flat film control. The nanodome structure is not in principle limited to any specific material system and its fabrication is compatible with most solar manufacturing; hence it opens up exciting opportunities for a variety of photovoltaic devices to further improve performance, reduce materials usage, and relieve elemental abundance limitations. Lastly, our nanodome devices when modified with hydrophobic molecules present a nearly superhydrophobic surface and thus enable self-cleaning solar cells.
High-temperature polyimide coating for optical fibres (2015)

We present our first results on the fabrication of new, high-performance polyimide coatings. The key components of the coatings are polyimides containing various cardo and/or fluoroalkylene groups, which allows the coatings to retain their high-temperature stability and facilitates the storage of the starting polymer and the optical fibre coating process owing to the good solubility of such copolymers in many organic solvents. Annealing for and at temperatures of 430, 350 and , respectively, reduces the strength of optical fibres having such coating by no more than 10 %.
Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S2 Mutant Surface Antigen Induces Degradation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Kip1 through c-Jun Activation Domain-Binding Protein 1 (2007)

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) large surface antigen (LHBS) mutant with deletion at the pre-S(2) region accumulates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is associated with HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In this study, we found that the pre-S(2) LHBS mutant directly interacts with the Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (JAB1). Association of pre-S(2) LHBS with JAB1 dissociated JAB1 from the JAB1/IRE1 complex in ER. The free (active) JAB1 then translocated into cell nuclei and rendered the Cdk inhibitor p27(Kip1) to cytosolic proteasome for degradation. The pre-S(2) LHBS mutant induced hyperphosphorylation of tumor suppressor retinoblastoma (RB) via cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), a downstream molecule regulated by p27(Kip1). This effect is independent of the ER stress signaling pathway. The transgenic mice carrying the pre-S(2) mutant LHBS gene also exhibited Cdk2 activation, p27(Kip1) degradation, as well as RB hyperphosphorylation. The mouse hepatocytes exhibited morphologic abnormalities such as chromatin condensation, multinucleation, and dysplasia of hepatocytes. In summary, the pre-S(2) LHBS mutant causes p27(Kip1) degradation through direct interaction with JAB1. The pre-S(2) mutant LHBS is suggested to be a potential oncoprotein for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.