gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromium(VI) Binding to Functionalized Silica/Water Interfaces Studied by Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy (2004)

Organic adlayers can significantly alter the interactions of environmentally relevant surfaces with their surroundings. We present the first second harmonic and broadband sum frequency generation (SHG and BBSFG) study that illustrates how organic surface functional groups can control the mobility of the priority pollutant chromium(VI) in soil: Cr(VI) binds to ester- and acid-functionalized surfaces but not to alkane-functionalized surfaces. The implications with respect to toxic metal transport across organic adlayers at liquid-solid interfaces are that aqueous Cr(VI) can be retained by polar groups common in biopolymers but not by hydrophobic groups common in surfactants.
xin xi ji shu yu yu wen yue du jiao xue zheng he de shi jian yu yan jiu (2013)

信息技术与语文阅读教学的整合就是通过信息技术创设使学生获得独特情感体验的对话情景,让学生在入境、析境及、建构表达等一系列的过程中获得意义建构,并借助信息技术提供的资源,进行拓展阅读训练,开阔视野,增加生活体验。
Recent developments in low frequency spectral analysis of passive seismic data (2008)

Low frequency passive seismic spectral analysis has developed rapidly since the first commercial pilot was described in First Break in 2005. David Walker1 of Spectraseis reviews recent research discoveries and explains how the growing volume of survey data is leading to innovative new data processing and analysis techniques.
Tailor‐made asymmetric PVDF hollow fibers for soluble gas removal (1999)

Abstract Tailor‐made polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) asymmetric hollow‐fiber membranes and their membrane modules were employed for soluble gas removal, such as H 2 S from waste gas streams. This study focused on the techniques of fabricating and characterizing the PVDF asymmetric hollow‐fiber membranes and their membrane modules for removal of H 2 S using an aqueous solution containing 10% NaOH. A laminar parabolic velocity profile was used to characterize the flow of the H 2 S gas mixture in the hollow‐fiber lumen. Effects of operating conditions and the morphological structures of the membranes on the membrane´s coefficient, k AM , were examined both theoretically and experimentally. The capabilities of the hollow‐fiber membranes developed for removal of H 2 S from waste gas streams were evaluated and compared with conventional symmetric hydrophobic hollow‐fiber membranes, such as polypropylene. An analysis of H 2 S transfer across the more developed PVDF membranes reveals that the membrane´s coefficient, k AM , evaluated from its structure parameters, such as the effective surface porosity and mean radius, agreed well with the experimental data obtained from absorption experiments.
In vivo Study of Skin Mechanical Properties in Psoriasis Vulgaris (2000)

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of the skin in psoriatic plaques before and after treatment with dithranol and in clinically uninvolved psoriatic skin in comparison with the skin of healthy controls. In total, 82 psoriatic plaques in 19 in-patients and 51 age-matched control subjects were studied with a non-invasive suction device (Cutometer). The plaques were characterized by statistically significant lower skin distensibility and elasticity, and a higher viscoelastic to elastic ratio compared with adjacent apparently normal skin. Delayed distension and hysteresis measured using a 2-mm diameter probe were decreased, but were increased when measured by a 8-mm diameter probe. These differences can be explained by the increased skin thickness in psoriasis and by the different aspects of skin mechanics determined by the 2 measuring probes. After treatment, the mechanical parameters of psoriatic plaques approached the values of adjacent control skin. The uninvolved volar forearm skin in psoriatic patients (2-mm diameter probe) showed statistically significant lower values of skin distensibility and higher values of viscoelasticity parameters compared with the skin of healthy control subjects. This suggests that the normal-appearing psoriatic skin is not entirely normal. The non-invasive method applied can be used for objective and quantitative evaluation of the effect of therapy in patients with psoriasis.
Accelerometer signal-based human activity recognition using augmented autoregressive model coefficients and artificial neural nets (2008)

Automatic recognition of human activities is one of the important and challenging research areas in proactive and ubiquitous computing. In this work, we present some preliminary results of recognizing human activities using augmented features extracted from the activity signals measured using a single triaxial accelerometer sensor and artificial neural nets. The features include autoregressive (AR) modeling coefficients of activity signals, signal magnitude areas (SMA), and title angles (TA). We have recognized four human activities using AR coefficients (ARC) only, ARC with SMA, and ARC with SMA and TA. With the last augmented features, we have achieved the recognition rate above 99% for all four activities including lying, standing, walking, and running. With our proposed technique, real time recognition of some human activities is possible.
GROWTH OF NORMAL AND ARGININE-REQUIRING STRAINS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE ON SELECTED NITROGEN COMPOUNDS (1967)

Two arginine-requiring mutant yeast strains grew on arginosuccinic acid or argininic acid in presence of ammonium sulphate but failed to do so on ornithine, citrulline or glycocyamine. The metabolic lesion in these mutants appears to lie therefore in the enzyme system involved in completing the guanidino group of arginine. Arginine could not be replaced by various peptides containing it. Histidine depressed growth on arginine of both the deficient yeast and its parent but growth was somewhat stimulated by certain other amino acids. To some extent the need for all amino acids was met by the use of hexamethylenediamine.
Lethal Synergism between Influenza Virus and<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae:</i>Characterization of a Mouse Model and the Role of Platelet‐Activating Factor Receptor (2002)

A lethal synergism exists between influenza virus and pneumococcus, which likely accounts for excess mortality from secondary bacterial pneumonia during influenza epidemics. Characterization of a mouse model of synergy revealed that influenza infection preceding pneumococcal challenge primed for pneumonia and led to 100% mortality. This effect was specific for viral infection preceding bacterial infection, because reversal of the order of administration led to protection from influenza and improved survival. The hypothesis that influenza up-regulates the platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFr) and thereby potentiates pneumococcal adherence and invasion in the lung was examined in the model. Groups of mice receiving CV-6209, a competitive antagonist of PAFr, had survival rates similar to those of control mice, and lung and blood bacterial titers increased during PAFr inhibition. These data suggest that PAFr-independent pathways are operative in the model, prompting further study of receptor interactions during pneumonia and bacteremia. The model of lethal synergism will be a useful tool for exploring this and other mechanisms underlying viral-bacterial interactions.
Strength integrity of the Space Shuttle Orbiter tiles (1981)

The development of the thermal protection system (TPS) for shielding the Shuttle from high temperature aerodynamic heating during atmospheric entry is described. The TPS was required to limit structural heating to 350 F, be used for 100 flights, withstand temperature ranges from -250 to 2800 F, attach to an aluminum structure, and provide the aerodynamic moldline. More than 30,000 tiles of individual size, shape, and strength were bonded adhesively to a Nomex felt mat which coated critical areas of the craft. Densification processes for strengthening the tiles in highly loaded areas are outlined and stress sources for each mission phase are analyzed. Aerodynamic, acoustic, combined loads, and verification tests for stress levels up to 125% of nominal were performed for each tile. The one complete and 15 partial tiles lost during the initial flight were all lower strength, undensified tiles.
Learning Scene Geometry for Visual Localization in Challenging Conditions (2019)

We propose a new approach for outdoor large scale image based localization that can deal with challenging scenarios like cross-season, cross-weather, day/night and long-term localization. The key component of our method is a new learned global image descriptor, that can effectively benefit from scene geometry information during training. At test time, our system is capable of inferring the depth map related to the query image and use it to increase localization accuracy. We are able to increase recall@1 performances by 2.15% on cross-weather and long-term localization scenario and by 4.24% points on a challenging winter/summer localization sequence versus state-of-the-art methods. Our method can also use weakly annotated data to localize night images across a reference dataset of daytime images.
Bistable shape memory thin film actuators (2003)

Shape memory alloys (SMA) are able to provide high work output when they undergo the martensitic transformation. Therefore, they present a favorable actuation mechanism for microsystems, e.g. for microvalves, switches or microgrippers. Sputter deposited thin SMA films are already in use as free-standing films or as composites in combination with a substrate. In the case of a composite, the substrate works as a bias spring and enables the SMA actuator to show a two way behavior. To enlarge the potentialities of shape memory based actuators a bistable principle is presented. This is realized by the combination with a polymer exhibiting a glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) between the hysteresis loop of the shape memory composite. The fabrication of this composite is described with a special emphasis on the development of suitable polymer samples.
Facile single-stranded DNA sequencing of human plasma DNA via thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptase template switching (2017)

High-throughput single-stranded DNA sequencing (ssDNA-seq) of cell-free DNA from plasma and other bodily fluids is a powerful method for non-invasive prenatal testing, and diagnosis of cancers and other diseases. Here, we developed a facile ssDNA-seq method, which exploits a novel template-switching activity of thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptases (TGIRTs) for DNA-seq library construction. This activity enables TGIRT enzymes to initiate DNA synthesis directly at the 3' end of a DNA strand while simultaneously attaching a DNA-seq adapter without end repair, tailing, or ligation. Initial experiments using this method to sequence E. coli genomic DNA showed that the TGIRT enzyme has surprisingly robust DNA polymerase activity. Further experiments showed that TGIRT-seq of plasma DNA from a healthy individual enables analysis of nucleosome positioning, transcription factor-binding sites, DNA methylation sites, and tissues-of-origin comparably to established methods, but with a simpler workflow that captures precise DNA ends.
Paper-based tuberculosis diagnostic devices with colorimetric gold nanoparticles (2013)

A colorimetric sensing strategy employing gold nanoparticles and a paper assay platform has been developed for tuberculosis diagnosis. Unmodified gold nanoparticles and single-stranded detection oligonucleotides are used to achieve rapid diagnosis without complicated and time-consuming thiolated or other surface-modified probe preparation processes. To eliminate the use of sophisticated equipment for data analysis, the color variance for multiple detection results was simultaneously collected and concentrated on cellulose paper with the data readout transmitted for cloud computing via a smartphone. The results show that the 2.6 nM tuberculosis mycobacterium target sequences extracted from patients can easily be detected, and the turnaround time after the human DNA is extracted from clinical samples was approximately 1 h.
Peak head acceleration of athletes during competition???football (1971)

Real-time head acceleration of football players during competition has been recorded by the use of a telemetry system. The individual players carry battery driven transmitters which are concealed on their equipment, while the receivers are located along the sidelines. Peak linear accelerations in excess of 1000 G's were recorded several times on individual players during one game without apparent injury. The tolerance limits for head acceleration reported in the literature may not be applicable to the football player wearing modern protective equipment.
Reactivity of Dy2O3 and Tb4O7 with Nd15Fe77B8 powder and the coercivity of the sintered magnets (1986)

The reaction of Dy2O3 or Tb4O7 with Nd15Fe77B8 powder during the sintering increases the coercivity of the sintered magnets. These oxides are reduced to metal during the sintering process, resulting in magnets with properties similar to those prepared from the Nd13.5Dy1.5Fe77B8 alloy.
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> BTB/ POZ‐MATH proteins interact with members of the ERF/AP2 transcription factor family (2009)

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the BTB/POZ-MATH (BPM) proteins comprise a small family of six members. They have been described previously to use their broad complex, tram track, bric-a-brac/POX virus and zinc finger (BTB/POZ) domain to assemble with CUL3a and CUL3b and potentially to serve as substrate adaptors to cullin-based E3-ligases in plants. In this article, we show that BPMs can also assemble with members of the ethylene response factor/Apetala2 transcription factor family, and that this is mediated by their meprin and TRAF (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor) homology (MATH) domain. In addition, we provide a detailed description of BPM gene expression patterns in different tissues and on abiotic stress treatments, as well as their subcellular localization. This work connects, for the first time, BPM proteins with ethylene response factor/Apetala2 family members, which is likely to represent a novel regulatory mechanism of transcriptional control.
Asymmetric microbial reduction of tetralones (1992)

The reduction of α- and β-tetralones [3,4-dihydronaphthalen-2(1H)-ones] and of 4-substituted-α-tetralones with Sporobolomyces pararoseus and Rhodotorula rubra is described. Both strains were grown in well aerated fermentors, in some cases improving the conversion yields up to 100%, and modifying the known selectivity of the reductions performed with S. pararoseus. All the reductions performed with R. rubra are enantioselective giving rise to (S)-alcohols, but they are weakly influenced by substituents at the 4-position. With this strain (S)-β-tetralol could be obtained with 90% ee and 100% conversion yield. Reductions performed with S. pararoseus are not enantioselective giving rise to (S)-and (R)-alcohols indicating the possible action of two reductases. These two reductases are strongly influenced by substituents at the 4-position, allowing only anti entry of the hydride, giving rise to cis-alcohols. cis-(1 R,4R)-4-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthol 12 could be obtained enantiomerically pure with an excellent conversion yield. The crystal structure of the Mosher ester derivative of compound 12 is described.
Detection of an Extended Human Volatome with Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2013)

Collection and analysis of breath VOCs with the BCA-GC×GC-TOF MS system extended the size of the detectable human volatile metabolome, the volatome, by an order of magnitude compared to previous reports employing one-dimensional GC-MS. The size of the human volatome has been under-estimated in the past due to coelution of VOCs in one-dimensional GC analytical systems.
A Comparative Study of Fecal Occult Blood Tests for Early Detection of Gastrointestinal Pathology (1990)

The question of what the most accurate and efficient fecal occult blood testing method is for the early detection of pathological gastrointestinal tract bleeding continues to be intensely debated. In this prospective study, the following five uniquely different slide tests were investigated in 120 patients who underwent gastrointestinal tract investigation: (1) a combination monoclonal antibody guaiac test (Monohaem); (2) an immunologic assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with (3) a highly sensitive guaiac test (Fecatwin S/Feca enzyme immunoassay), (4) a popular guaiac test (Coloscreen III) (comparable with Hemoccult II), and (5) Coloscreen III/VPI (ie, with vegetable peroxidase) inhibitor. Computerized data show efficiency values for detection of fecal occult blood by Coloscreen III-Fecatwin S-Monohaem combined, 93%; Coloscreen III-Monohaem combined, 91%; Monohaem, 87%; Coloscreen III/VPI, 82%; Coloscreen III, 79 percent; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 77%; and Fecatwin S, 68%. Results of sensitivity, specificity, false-positive and false-negative test results, tests' predictive value, simplicity, and costs of tests in this clinically based study suggests that the concomitant use of the monoclonal, monospecific test for human hemoglobin and an appropriately sensitive guaiac test is a potentially valuable approach to mass screening and early detection of occult bleeding gastrointestinal tract pathology, including colorectal cancer.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes in AIDS pathogenesis: lessons to be learned from the macaque model of simian immunodeficiency virus infection. (1998)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
P4A-3 3D Myocardial Strain Imaging: Improvement of Accuracy and Contrast by Dynamic Grid Interpolation (2007)

Accurate assessment of local myocardial contraction is important for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, because decreases of myocardial motion often appear in the early stages of the disease. Three-dimensional (3-D) assessment of the stiffness distribution is required for accurate diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Calculation of displacement's spatial derivation is a necessary step in myocardial strain imaging system, but it is very sensitive to noise. In order to improve the accuracy and contrast of strain image, we propose a novel displacement smoothing method: dynamic grid interpolation method. From the simulation results, we can see that the strain images' accuracy have been improved 7.01%, and the contrast have been improved 20.80%.
Fibroblast growth factor stimulates colony formation of differentiated chondrocytes in soft agar (1987)

The effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on the growth of chondrocytes in soft agar was examined. FGF induced colony formation by chick embryo and rabbit chondrocytes. The colony-forming efficiency of FGF-exposed chondrocytes was similar to that of Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chondrocytes (15-20%). Other mitogenic agents tested, such as epidermal growth factor, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-l, and platelet-derived growth factor, induced very low levels of colony formation. The induction of growth in soft agar of chondrocytes by FGF was not due to cells' phenotypic transformation, because chondrocytes grown in soft agar with FGF retained the ability to synthesize cartilage-characteristic proteoglycan. FGF did not induce growth in soft agar of chondrocytes whose phenotypic expression was suppressed by retinoic acid or 5-bromodeoxyuridine. In addition, FGF did not induce growth in soft agar of primary fibroblasts and normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. These results suggest that FGF selectively stimulates growth of differentiated chondrocytes in soft agar.
From computing with numbers to computing with words. From manipulation of measurements to manipulation of perceptions (1999)

Discusses a methodology for reasoning and computing with perceptions rather than measurements. An outline of such a methodology-referred to as a computational theory of perceptions is presented in this paper. The computational theory of perceptions, or CTP for short, is based on the methodology of CW. In CTP, words play the role of labels of perceptions and, more generally, perceptions are expressed as propositions in a natural language. CW-based techniques are employed to translate propositions expressed in a natural language into what is called the Generalized Constraint Language (GCL). In this language, the meaning of a proposition is expressed as a generalized constraint, N is R, where N is the constrained variable, R is the constraining relation and isr is a variable copula in which r is a variable whose value defines the way in which R constrains S. Among the basic types of constraints are: possibilistic, veristic, probabilistic, random set, Pawlak set, fuzzy graph and usuality. The wide variety of constraints in GCL makes GCL a much more expressive language than the language of predicate logic. In CW, the initial and terminal data sets, IDS and TDS, are assumed to consist of propositions expressed in a natural language. These propositions are translated, respectively, into antecedent and consequent constraints. Consequent constraints are derived from antecedent constraints through the use of rules of constraint propagation. The principal constraint propagation rule is the generalized extension principle. The derived constraints are retranslated into a natural language, yielding the terminal data set (TDS). The rules of constraint propagation in CW coincide with the rules of inference in fuzzy logic. A basic problem in CW is that of explicitation of N, R, and r in a generalized constraint, X is R, which represents the meaning of a proposition, p, in a natural language.
Image fusion based on non-negative matrix factorization (2005)

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization technique (NMF) has been shown to have various applications to image processing, because of its power of local or part-based representation of objects and/or images. In this paper, we present an image fusion method based on NMF, not by the part-based representation feature of NMF, but by its wholly representation of the images needed to be fused: the images are fused by NMF with the parameter r of the NMF to be set to 1. Our experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and effective for image fusion compared with many other image fusion methods.
Enhancing the robustness of a multiple floating field-limiting ring termination by introducing a buffer layer (2012)

A planar multiple floating field-limiting ring structure, designed for above 600V blocking capability, is analyzed in this work. We have proven by simulation and experiment that adding a well designed buffer layer in the epi-substrate region counteracts on the drop in electric field which is due to the space charge limited current and as such the buffer enhances the robustness towards reverse voltage biasing.
Line‐Source Based X‐Ray Tomography (2009)

Current computed tomography (CT) scanners, including micro-CT scanners, utilize a point x-ray source. As we target higher and higher spatial resolutions, the reduced x-ray focal spot size limits the temporal and contrast resolutions achievable. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we propose to use a line-shaped x-ray source so that many more photons can be generated, given a data acquisition interval. In reference to the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) algorithm for image reconstruction from projection data generated by an x-ray point source, here we develop a generalized SART algorithm for image reconstruction from projection data generated by an x-ray line source. Our numerical simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of our novel line-source based x-ray CT approach and the proposed generalized SART algorithm.