gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A demonstration of pharmacokinetics and physiological modelling using a microcomputer for data capture and analysis (1986)

We describe a simple and inexpensive demonstration of mass transport and exchange using dye clearance from a hydrodynamic model. A microcomputer was used for data acquisition and storage, non-linear least squares curve fitting, compartmental analysis and parameter estimation. The system is useful for demonstrating the indicator-dilution technique for fluid volume measurement and compartmental analysis in pharmacokinetics.
Metrics for End-to-End Monitoring and Management of Enterprise Systems (2007)

Within an enterprise system, there exist many specific service-based metrics that apply to end-to-end monitoring and management of information. To assist network operators and service providers in understanding end user issues, it is helpful to group related service-based metrics together into larger metric categories. This paper addresses the lack of consistent and meaningful metric terminology for network operations personnel who manage enterprise systems running multiple protocols over a diverse set of multi-technology components that must implement distributed applications methodologies in a network centric (net-centric) environment. This paper establishes metrics categories into which the information collected during the monitoring activities may be grouped, and it defines and rationalizes these categories. Examples are provided to demonstrate the usefulness of this categorization for enterprise systems.
Recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) – A review focusing on chemical methods (2016)

Recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is of crucial importance, since worldwide amounts of PETwaste increase rapidly due to its widespread applications. Hence, several methods have been developed, like energetic, material, thermo-mechanical and chemical recycling of PET. Most frequently, PET-waste is incinerated for energy recovery, used as additive in concrete composites or glycolysed to yield mixtures of monomers and undefined oligomers. While energetic and thermo-mechanical recycling entail downcycling of the material, chemical recycling requires considerable amounts of chemicals and demanding processing steps entailing toxic and ecological issues. This review provides a thorough survey of PET-recycling including energetic, material, thermo-mechanical and chemical methods. It focuses on chemical methods describing important reaction parameters and yields of obtained reaction products. While most methods yield monomers, only a few yield undefined low molecular weight oligomers for impaired applications (dispersants or plasticizers). Further, the present work presents an alternative chemical recycling method of PET in comparison to existing chemical methods.
Co-design of event generator and controller for event-triggered control system (2011)

This paper proposes the preliminary results on the co-design of event generator and controller for event-triggered control system. By applying a quadratic input-to-state stable Lyapunov function, a sufficient condition for the existence of the event-triggered controller and event generator is established using the linear matrix inequalities. We further present a sufficient condition for non-trivial inter-execution times. Using an inverted pendulum mechanism, the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated in contrast to a standard linear-quadratic regulator implemented in an event-triggered style.
Death of <i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i> Resulting from Liquid Nitrogen Freezing (1972)

Concentrated cell suspensions of Lactobacillus bulgaricus prepared from cells grown in semisynthetic media were frozen in liquid nitrogen. After storage for 24 hr, the cell suspensions were found to have decreased colony counts and acid-producing capacity in milk. The amount of loss varied among the different strains tested. The addition of known cryoprotective agents to cell suspensions of the most labile strain before freezing provided little or no protection to the cells. However, storage stability of all strains investigated was improved by supplementing the growth medium with Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate). The concentration of Tween 80 necessary for maximal storage stability varied among strains.
A hybrid neural network model for solving optimization problems (1993)

A hybrid neural network model for solving optimization problems is proposed. An energy function which contains the constraints and cost criteria of an optimization problem is derived, and then the neural network is used to find the global minimum (or maximum) of the energy function, which corresponds to a solution of the optimization problem. The network contains two subnets: a constraint network and a goal network. The constraint network models the constraints of an optimization problem and computes the gradient (updating) value of each neuron such that the energy function monotonically converges to satisfy all constraints of the problem. The goal network points out the direction of convergence for finding an optimal value for the cost criteria. These two subnets ensure that the neural network finds feasible as well as optimal (or near-optimal) solutions. The traveling salesman problem and the Hamiltonian cycle problem are used to demonstrate the method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The influence of van der Waals forces on a bubble moving in a tube (2017)

We present a theoretical study of the unsteady thin-film dynamics of a long bubble of negligible viscosity that advances at a uniform speed in a cylindrical capillary tube. The bubble displaces a viscous, nonwetting uid, creating a thin film between its interface and the tube walls. The film is considered thin enough that intermolecular forces in the form of van der Waals attractions are significant and thin-film rupture is possible. In the case of negligible intermolecular forces, a steady-state solution exits where a film of uniform thickness is deposited in the annular region between the bubble interface and the tube walls. However, once intermolecular interactions are important, the interface is perturbed out of its steady state and either (i) the perturbation grows suficiently before reaching the rear meniscus of the bubble such that rupture occurs; or (ii) the perturbation remains small due to weak intermolecular forces until it leaves the bubble interface through the rear meniscus. We obtain, both numerically and asymptotically, the time-scale over which rupture occurs, and thus, we find a critical capillary number, depending on the bubble length and the strength of the intermolecular forces, below which the film is predicted to rupture.
The Clinical Spectrum of Neurocardiogenic Syncope (1995)

Neurocardiogenic syncope is a collective term used to describe the clinical syndromes of syncope that result from inappropriate, and often excessive, autonomic reflex activity, and manifest as abnormalities in the control of vascular tone and heart rate. These include carotid sinus syndrome, vasovagal syncope, and the syndromes of cough, deglutition, and micturition syncope. Orthostatic hypotension, which, in contrast, results from a failure of autonomic reflexes, is not considered part of this family of closely related syndromes. This review will focus on vasovagal and carotid sinus syndromes.
An adaptive policy based management framework for differentiated services networks (2003)

This paper presents a framework for specifying policies for the management of differentiated services (DiffServ) networks. Although policy-based management has been the subject of intensifying research efforts, the proposed solutions are often restricted to condition-action rules where conditions are matched against incoming traffic flows. This results in static policy configurations where manual intervention is required to cater for configuration changes and to enable policy deployment. The framework presented supports automated policy deployment and flexible event triggers to permit dynamic policy configuration. Whilst current research focuses mostly on rules for low-level device configuration, significant challenges remain to be addressed in order to: 1) provide policy specification and adaptation across different abstraction layers; and 2) provide tools and services for the engineering of policy-driven systems. In particular, this paper focuses on solutions for dynamic adaptation of policy in DiffServ networks according to changes in requirements. Policy adaptation includes both dynamically changing policy parameters and reconfiguring the policy objects.
Reentry of the Head-Injured Survivor Into the Educational System: First Steps (1987)

It is estimated that 200 per 100,000 individuals will be admitted to hospitals each year with a head injury. Eighty percent of those admitted will be discharged home. The community has few specific head-injury services for these individuals. Approximately 40 percent of the home discharges will be children who, in addition to receiving possible continued medical interventions from community health nurses (CHNs), should receive attention from local education authorities. The CHN, as a local, in-home health practitioner, is a valuable resource to families who need appropriate educational services for their child and associated aid for the other family members.
Automated identification of dementia using medical imaging: a survey from a pattern classification perspective (2015)

In this review paper, we summarized the automated dementia identification algorithms in the literature from a pattern classification perspective. Since most of those algorithms consist of both feature extraction and classification, we provide a survey on three categories of feature extraction methods, including the voxel-, vertex- and ROI-based ones, and four categories of classifiers, including the linear discriminant analysis, Bayes classifiers, support vector machines, and artificial neural networks. We also compare the reported performance of many recently published dementia identification algorithms. Our comparison shows that many algorithms can differentiate the Alzheimer's disease (AD) from elderly normal with a largely satisfying accuracy, whereas distinguishing the mild cognitive impairment from AD or elderly normal still remains a major challenge.
Cauda Equina Compression by Hydrogel Dural Sealant After a Laminotomy and Discectomy (2009)

The authors recommend that in addition to caution regarding its potential mass effect, that cognizance be taken of the product's potential to migrate and result in symptoms at a distant site.
Antitoxic Immunity in Experimental Cholera: Comparison of Immunity Induced Perorally and Parenterally in Mice (1972)

Journal Article Antitoxic Immunity in Experimental Cholera: Comparison of Immunity Induced Perorally and Parenterally in Mice Get access Koichiro Fujita, Koichiro Fujita From the Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A. Finkelstein Richard A. Finkelstein From the Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 125, Issue 6, June 1972, Pages 647–655, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/125.6.647 Published: 01 June 1972 Article history Received: 20 December 1971 Revision received: 10 February 1972 Published: 01 June 1972
Comparison of the DNA Association Kinetics of the Lac Repressor Tetramer, Its Dimeric Mutant LacI , and the Native Dimeric Gal Repressor (1997)

The rates of association of the tetrameric Lac repressor (LacI), dimeric LacIadi (a deletion mutant of LacI), and the native dimeric Gal repressor (GalR) to DNA restriction fragments containing a single specific site were investigated using a quench-flow DNase I "footprinting" technique. The dimeric proteins, LacIadi and GalR, and tetrameric LacI possess one and two DNA binding sites, respectively. The nanomolar protein concentrations used in these studies ensured that the state of oligomerization of each protein was predominantly either dimeric or tetrameric, respectively. The bimolecular association rate constants (ka) determined for the LacI tetramer exceed those of the dimeric proteins. The values of ka obtained for LacI, LacIadi, and GalR display different dependences on [KCl]. For LacIadi and GalR, they diminish as [KCl] increases from 25 mM to 200 mM, approaching rates predicted for three-dimensional diffusion. In contrast, the ka values determined for the tetrameric LacI remain constant up to 300 mM [KCl], the highest salt concentration that could be investigated by quench-flow footprinting. The enhanced rate of association of the tetramer relative to the dimeric proteins can be modeled by enhanced "sliding" (Berg, O. G., Winter, R. B., and von Hippel, P. H. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 6929-6948) of the LacI tetramer relative to the LacIadi dimer or a combination of enhanced sliding and the superimposition of "direct transfer" mediated by the bidentate DNA interactions of the tetramer.
Vickers Indentation Curves of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) (1984)

Studies of Vickers hardness of magnesium oxide are presented in the literature for three purposes. They give information about relations between hardness and brittleness, (plasticity and toughness behavior); they show the anisotropical effect of the structure of the material and they are a tool to study the chemomechanical effects (Rebinder effects). Generally, the Vickers hardness is evaluated by measurements of the diagonals of residual indentation. Equipment was built which gives a record of the applied depression depth (h) as a function of the carried load P (in the range 10−1 N to 10+1 N). Investigation of the curves P(h) during loading and unloading and microscopical observations of residual indentation show that phenomena are complex. The contact is elastoplastic. The roles played by the plasticity and elasticity are discussed. The physical meaning of Vickers hardness, determined by use of residual indentation measurements, is analyzed.
Ocean-bottom seismic observatories (1965)

Observations of seismic motion and other geophysical parameters on the ocean bottom over extended periods of time and over a wide range of frequencies (periods) provide information on the suitability of the ocean bottom as a site for the detection of seismic events. Instrument systems consisting of long- and short-period seismographs, long- and short-period pressure sensors, a temperature sensor, and a water-current sensor were operated on the ocean bottom. Experience and calculation indicate that these systems can be well coupled to the sediment surface, mechanically stable, and relatively insensitive to water currents. Local and distant earthquakes, tides, microseisms (3-8 seconds period), long-period (2-6 minutes period) pressure disturbances, and temperature fluctuations have been well recorded from the ocean bottom at depths greater than 2000 fm. Instrument systems were implanted at two locations: south of Bermuda (2400 fm depth, seismic measurements only) and west of San Francisco (2200 fm depth). Data were telemetered acoustically to a ship (Bermuda) and via deep-sea cable to a shore station (California). Results to date indicate that the ocean bottom can be a favorable location for the detection of seismic events.
Current neurosurgical management and the impact of the extent of resection in the treatment of malignant gliomas of childhood: a report of the Children's Cancer Group Trial No. CCG-945 (1998)

The demonstration of a survival advantage provided by radical resection should prompt neurosurgeons to treat malignant pediatric astrocytomas with aggressive surgical resection prior to initiation of radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy.
Detection of bone metastases in non‐small cell lung cancer patients: Comparison of whole‐body diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), whole‐body MR imaging without and with DWI, whole‐body FDG‐PET/CT, and bone scintigraphy (2009)

Whole-body MRI with DWI can be used for bone metastasis assessment of NSCLC patients as accurate as bone scintigraphy and/or PET/CT.
UEDashboard: awareness of unusual events in commit histories (2015)

To be able to respond to source code modifications with large impact or commits that necessitate further examination, developers and managers in a software development team need to be aware of anything unusual happening in their software projects. To address this need, we introduce UEDashboard, a tool which automatically detects unusual events in a commit history based on metrics and smells, and surfaces them in an event feed. Our preliminary evaluation with a team of professional software developers showed that our conceptualization of unusual correlates with developers' perceptions of task difficulty, and that UEDashboard could be useful in supporting development meetings and for pre-commit warnings.
Towards a targeted multi-drug delivery approach to improve therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer (2010)

A better understanding of tumor biology and physiological responses to nanoparticles, as well as advanced nanoparticle design, are needed to improve the therapeutic outcomes for treating breast cancer using nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery systems. Moreover, selective delivery of multi-drugs to tumor tissue using targeted drug delivery systems may reduce systemic toxicity further, overcome drug resistances, and improve therapeutic efficacy in treating breast cancer.
MIMO Transceivers With Decision Feedback and Bit Loading: Theory and Optimization (2009)

This paper considers MIMO transceivers with linear precoders and decision feedback equalizers (DFEs), with bit allocation at the transmitter. Zero-forcing (ZF) is assumed. Considered first is the minimization of transmitted power, for a given total bit rate and a specified set of error probabilities for the symbol streams. The precoder and DFE matrices are optimized jointly with bit allocation. It is shown that the generalized triangular decomposition (GTD) introduced by Jiang, Li, and Hager offers an optimal family of solutions. The optimal linear transceiver (which has a linear equalizer rather than a DFE) with optimal bit allocation is a member of this family. This shows formally that, under optimal bit allocation, linear and DFE transceivers achieve the same minimum power. The DFE transceiver using the geometric mean decomposition (GMD) is another member of this optimal family, and is such that optimal bit allocation yields identical bits for all symbol streams-no bit allocation is necessary-when the specified error probabilities are identical for all streams. The QR-based system used in VBLAST is yet another member of the optimal family and is particularly well-suited when limited feedback is allowed from receiver to transmitter. Two other optimization problems are then considered: (a) minimization of power for specified set of bit rates and error probabilities (the QoS problem), and (b) maximization of bit rate for fixed set of error probabilities and power. It is shown in both cases that the GTD yields an optimal family of solutions.
Role of cannabinoid receptor 2 in mediating interleukin-1β-induced inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. (2019)

Overall, our results indicate for the first time that CB2 mediates IL-1β-induced signalling pathways in RASFs and may serve as a potential target to manage pain and inflammation in RA.
Are supermarket shoppers attracted to specialty merchandise rewards? (2008)

Purpose The aim is to examine whether supermarkets may be losing the opportunity to increase customer purchase outlays by means of loyalty points, convertible to acquire specialty goods and services provided by “bonus partners”. Design/methodology/approach Two econometric models were constructed from data collected from 470 supermarket shoppers in one major Australian city, to predict mechanisms for making shoppers aware of loyalty points accrued on their credit card purchases and for inducing them to pay for purchases with specific credit cards linked to loyalty programmes of which they were members. Findings Shoppers who are aware consider specialty merchandise in exchange for loyalty points to be a significant reason for joining a loyalty programme. However, when they actively seek to pay with specific credit cards because of loyalty points do not rank the conversion into specialty merchandise as a significant reason for membership. Research limitations/implications No insight was sought on the relative importance of attitudes and implications of social influences on attitude formation and behavioural intention with respect to the accumulation of loyalty points. Practical implications Specialist retailing planners can configure product offerings attractive to customers' lifestyles and broader interests on the basis of shared insights into buying patterns and personal details captured during their enrolment in affiliated loyalty programmes with “bonus partners”. Originality/value The paper offers an actionable strategy for customer retention and enhancement.
Quantitative gas chromatography using a new automated derivatizer (1985)

Abstract In the gas chromatographic analysis of complex biological samples, the most time‐consuming and error‐prone steps are the pretreatment required for isolation and purification of the compounds of interest and, for most analytes, the derivatization to chemically and thermally stable compounds with high volatility. These wet‐chemical steps are usually carried out manually, and for routine analysis of large numbers of samples they are often rate‐limiting. A dedicated automated derivatizer has been constructed, the employment of which significantly reduces the time required for manual labor and increases the reproducibility of derivatization and hence the accuracy of analysis.
Diagnostic value of the tumor markers in breast cancer. (1994)

The use of the most common tumor markers in breast cancer was reassessed in terms of cost effectiveness and the validity of their predictive information during the evaluation of the patients. Sera from 159 patients were studied. Acceptable diagnostic specificity was found only for CA 15-3. In predicting the presence of metastases the combination of CA 15-3 and CEA was observed to correlate with lymph node metastases. Introduction of MCA did not result in diagnostic improvement. Our results suggest that in practice a diagnostic panel for breast cancer can be confined to CA 15-3 and CEA.
Fabrication of Capacitive Acoustic Resonators Combining 3D Printing and 2D Inkjet Printing Techniques (2015)

A capacitive acoustic resonator developed by combining three-dimensional (3D) printing and two-dimensional (2D) printed electronics technique is described. During this work, a patterned bottom structure with rigid backplate and cavity is fabricated directly by a 3D printing method, and then a direct write inkjet printing technique has been employed to print a silver conductive layer. A novel approach has been used to fabricate a diaphragm for the acoustic sensor as well, where the conductive layer is inkjet-printed on a pre-stressed thin organic film. After assembly, the resulting structure contains an electrically conductive diaphragm positioned at a distance from a fixed bottom electrode separated by a spacer. Measurements confirm that the transducer acts as capacitor. The deflection of the diaphragm in response to the incident acoustic single was observed by a laser Doppler vibrometer and the corresponding change of capacitance has been calculated, which is then compared with the numerical result. Observation confirms that the device performs as a resonator and provides adequate sensitivity and selectivity at its resonance frequency.