gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Blue‐Light‐Emitting Polymer with a Rigid Backbone for Enhanced Color Stability (2007)

Abstract Despite the promising expectations of poly(fluorene) (PF)‐type materials as efficient blue‐light‐emitting polymers, the devices based on these materials are not yet fully utilized. Under prolonged operation of the devices, the PF‐type materials undergo degradation with the appearance of a long‐range emission around 2.2–2.3 eV. As a consequence, the emissive color changes from blue to green with a decrease in the device efficiency. Here, an innovative approach that leads to a new blue‐emitting polymer with remarkable color stability is reported. By modifying the chemical structure of PF to inhibit the formation of keto defects, it is demonstrated that the devices exhibit excellent color stability. This new blue‐emitting polymer, poly(2,6‐(4,4‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐4 H ‐cyclopenta‐[ def ]phenanthrene)) (PCPP), emits a stabilized, efficient blue electroluminescence without exhibiting any peak in the long‐wavelength region even after prolonged operation of the devices in air.
Ph-Dependent Inhibition of Voltage-Gated H+ Currents in Rat Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Zn2+ and Other Divalent Cations (1999)

Inhibition by polyvalent cations is a defining characteristic of voltage-gated proton channels. The mechanism of this inhibition was studied in rat alveolar epithelial cells using tight-seal voltage clamp techniques. Metal concentrations were corrected for measured binding to buffers. Externally applied ZnCl(2) reduced the H(+) current, shifted the voltage-activation curve toward positive potentials, and slowed the turn-on of H(+) current upon depolarization more than could be accounted for by a simple voltage shift, with minimal effects on the closing rate. The effects of Zn(2+) were inconsistent with classical voltage-dependent block in which Zn(2+) binds within the membrane voltage field. Instead, Zn(2+) binds to superficial sites on the channel and modulates gating. The effects of extracellular Zn(2+) were strongly pH(o) dependent but were insensitive to pH(i), suggesting that protons and Zn(2+) compete for external sites on H(+) channels. The apparent potency of Zn(2+) in slowing activation was approximately 10x greater at pH(o) 7 than at pH(o) 6, and approximately 100x greater at pH(o) 6 than at pH(o) 5. The pH(o) dependence suggests that Zn(2+), not ZnOH(+), is the active species. Evidently, the Zn(2+) receptor is formed by multiple groups, protonation of any of which inhibits Zn(2+) binding. The external receptor bound H(+) and Zn(2+) with pK(a) 6.2-6.6 and pK(M) 6.5, as described by several models. Zn(2+) effects on the proton chord conductance-voltage (g(H)-V) relationship indicated higher affinities, pK(a) 7 and pK(M) 8. CdCl(2) had similar effects as ZnCl(2) and competed with H(+), but had lower affinity. Zn(2+) applied internally via the pipette solution or to inside-out patches had comparatively small effects, but at high concentrations reduced H(+) currents and slowed channel closing. Thus, external and internal zinc-binding sites are different. The external Zn(2+) receptor may be the same modulatory protonation site(s) at which pH(o) regulates H(+) channel gating.
Spheroidisation of tungsten powder by radio frequency plasma for selective laser melting (2017)

The growing interest in additive manufacturing of refractory metals is accompanied by the demand on spherical refractory meal powders with good flowability. In this work, the particle size distribution, particle morphology, phase and extent of oxidation of the tungsten powders spheroidised by radio frequency (RF) plasma with different feeding rates were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, laser particle size analysis and X-ray diffraction. It was demonstrated that spherical tungsten powders with extremely fine flowability and high apparent density were obtained by the RF plasma spheroidisation technology. High-density tungsten samples with negligible defects were prepared with the spheroidised powders by selective laser melting. The results would help pave the way for solving the problems in customising refractory metal parts by additive manufacturing.
A second generation prototype for broadband integrated access and packet switching (2003)

The authors describe cell-handling primitives that can be used in the architecture of cell-switched broadband ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)-based networks. They partition the primitives into circuit modules and show how the modules can be interconnected in a variety of ways for the construction of broadband network prototypes. They show how the modules can be used in a pure cell-switching prototype and in a broadband integrated access environment, in which a single transmission link would have both circuit- and cell-switched traffic, requiring traffic grooming using the cell-handling modules.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Acute Selenium Toxicity Associated With a Dietary Supplement (2010)

Toxic concentrations of selenium in a liquid dietary supplement resulted in a widespread outbreak. Had the manufacturers been held to standards used in the pharmaceutical industry, it may have been prevented.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Luminescent 1,10-Phenanthroline- and Pyridine-Containing π-Conjugated Polymers. Their Optical Response to Protic Acid, M<i><sup>n</sup></i><sup>+</sup>, and Solvents (2003)

New π-conjugated polymers comprised of alternating 1,10-phenanthroline/1,4-didodecyloxybenzene, 1,10-phenanthroline/9,9-dioctylfluorene, or pyridine/1,4-dialkoxybenzene units were prepared by palladium(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction in 84−98% yields. The derived polymers gave Mn of 5400−8800 in GPC analysis, and they possessed good solubility in organic solvents and high thermal stability. Electrochemical reduction (or n-doping) of the polymers proceeded with peaks in the range −2.3 to −2.6 V vs Ag+/Ag. The polymers were highly photoluminescent, and strong blue emission with the peak in the range 412−434 nm was observed in solutions. The emission peak as well as the UV−vis absorption peak of the polymer was influenced by the solvent polarity, protonation, and formation of metal complexes. When the polymers were protonated with trifluoroacetic acid, a large red-shift (ca. 40−60 nm) of the absorption peak was observed. The photoluminescent properties of the polymers were tuned by coordination of the polymer with metal ions. Polymers with long side chains formed an ordered structure in the solid state as judged from their XRD patterns.
Electrical circuits and systems - An introduction for engineers and physical scientists (1996)

Keywords: electricite ; electronique ; analyse des : signaux ; circuit : integre Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
Localization of the domain of actin-binding protein that binds to membrane glycoprotein Ib and actin in human platelets. (1988)

The Mr approximately 540,000 dimeric actin gelation protein, actin-binding protein (ABP), has previously been shown in human platelets to link actin to membrane glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) (Fox, J. E. B. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 11970-11977; Okita, J. R., Pidard, D., Newman, P. J., Montgomery, R. R., and Kunicki, T. J. (1985) J. Cell Biol. 100, 317-321). We have examined further the interaction between ABP and GPIb. Platelet extracts were depleted of ABP by precipitation with anti-ABP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); in resulting precipitates, ABP monomer is complexed with GPIb in a 5:1 molar ratio. The ABP.GPIb complex is resistant to chaotropic solvents but dissociated by the ionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate. Treatment of intact platelets with the ionophore A23187 activates a Ca2+-dependent protease which cleaves the Mr approximately 270,000 ABP subunit into three fragments of Mr 190,000, 100,000, and 90,000; the latter fragment is derived from the Mr 100,000 fragment. Anti-ABP mAbs coprecipitated GPIb with the Mr 100,000 and 90,000 fragments, but not with the Mr 190,000 fragment which contains the ABP self-association site. In the reciprocal experiment, anti-GPIb antibodies co-precipitated only the Mr 100,000 and 90,000 ABP fragments. Actin also co-precipitated with the Mr 100,000 and 90,000, but not with the Mr 190,000 ABP fragment. The anti-ABP mAb that precipitated the Mr 100,000-90,000 GPIb-binding ABP fragment recognizes a trypsin cleavage fragment of ABP that binds actin filaments in vitro. These findings establish that both the GPIb-binding site and actin-binding sites are in the same region of the ABP monomer. Because of the extended bipolar conformation of the ABP molecule, the data suggest that the GPIb.actin-binding region is located remote from the self-association, or dimerization, site of the ABP subunit.
User assigned security policy framework for m-commerce applications (2008)

M-Commerce is the ability to perform commercial transactions using mobile phones or other wireless devices on the move. It is a major application domain for mobile devices where applications require a high level of security. Generally, security policies are enforced by either Server Operating System or application authority for the specific user about its behavior to access the applications after authentication. In this proposed framework, users submit their policy through its mobile device to the Policy Server after preliminary authentication assigned by the application authority. The trust of user device is analyzed using authentication protocol in addition to the feasibility of user submitted policy to the application. The levels of security are also changed depending on the user type accessing the applications. User types are identified using the IP addresses that are stored in the database on the server side. User can change its policy any time from its location as well as increases its levels of security after mutual concern from the application authority. In this paper, user policy submission protocol is developed for the m-commerce applications.
Influence of dietary saturated fat content on adiposity, macrophage behavior, inflammation, and metabolism: composition matters (2012)

We examined the effects of three high-fat diets (HFD), differing in the percentage of total calories from saturated fat (SF) (6%, 12%, and 24%) but identical in total fat (40%), on body composition, macrophage behavior, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction in mice. Diets were administered for 16 weeks. Body composition and metabolism [glucose, insulin, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC)] were examined monthly. Adipose tissue (AT) expression of marker genes for M1 and M2 macrophages and inflammatory mediators [Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, MCP-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1, IFN-γ] was measured along with activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38- mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). AT macrophage infiltration was examined using immunohistochemistry. Circulating MCP-1, IL-6, adiponectin, and leptin were also measured. SF content, independent of total fat, can profoundly affect adiposity, macrophage behavior, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. In general, the 12%-SF diet, most closely mimicking the standard American diet, led to the greatest adiposity, macrophage infiltration, and insulin resistance (IR), whereas the 6%-SF and 24%-SF diets produced lower levels of these variables, with the 24%-SF diet resulting in the least degree of IR and the highest TC/HDL-C ratio. Macrophage behavior, inflammation, and IR following HFD are heavily influenced by dietary SF content; however, these responses are not necessarily proportional to the SF percentage.
Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering to Analyze the Interactions of Protein Receptors with Bacterial Quorum Sensing Modulators (2015)

Many members of the LuxR family of quorum sensing (QS) transcriptional activators, including LasR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are believed to require appropriate acyl-homoserine lactone (acyl-HSL) ligands to fold into an active conformation. The failure to purify ligand-free LuxR homologues in nonaggregated form at the high concentrations required for their structural characterization has limited the understanding of the mechanisms by which QS receptors are activated. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a vibrational spectroscopy technique that can be applied to study proteins at extremely low concentrations in their active state. The high sensitivity of SERS has allowed us to detect molecular interactions between the ligand-binding domain of LasR (LasRLBD) as a soluble apoprotein and modulators of P. aeruginosa QS. We found that QS activators and inhibitors produce differential SERS fingerprints in LasRLBD, and in combination with molecular docking analysis provide insight into the relevant interaction mechanism. This study reveals signal-specific structural changes in LasR upon ligand binding, thereby confirming the applicability of SERS to analyze ligand-induced conformational changes in proteins.
Preparation of 6-Methoxycorticoids (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 6-MethoxycorticoidsMILTON HELLER and SEYMOUR BERNSTEINCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 10, 3876–3883Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01068a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01068a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coherent and noncoherent ds/ssma communications with complex signature sequences: error and acquistion performances (1994)

Diseases of the homeless do not constitute a nosological list. Their nature depends rather on the conditions in which the homeless live, making them susceptible to various classical diseases. Many of these disorders have otherwise become infrequent and of little concern. The "medieval" nature and intrication of these diseases should not prejudice rational diagnosis and treatment, which in the end is rather simple. The homeless live alone. This solitude if often the factor that determines management decisions of the physician.
Tight Binding of Carboxylate, Phosphonate, and Carbamate Anions to Stoichiometric CdSe Nanocrystals (2017)

To completely displace the carboxylate surface ligands from cadmium selenide nanocrystals, oleic acid impurities are first removed using dimethylcadmium or diethylzinc. In addition to metal carboxylate and methane coproducts, reactions with CdMe<sub>2</sub> produce surface bound methyl groups (δ = 0.4 ppm, 0.04-0.22 nm<sup>-2</sup>) that photolytically dissociate to methyl radicals and n-doped nanocrystals. Without oleic acid impurities, cadmium carboxylate can be completely displaced from the surface using n-alkylamines (NH<sub>2</sub>R', R' = n-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl) (≤0.01 carboxylates nm<sup>-2</sup>). Colloidal dispersions of amine bound nanocrystals (CdSe-NH<sub>2</sub>R') are indefinitely stable at amine concentrations of 0.1 M or higher and slowly aggregate at lower concentrations. Dissociation and evaporation of the amine ligands in 4-ethylpyridine, tri-n-butylphosphine, or molten tri-n-octylphosphine oxide solution results in nanocrystal aggregation. CdSe-NH<sub>2</sub>R' reacts with oleic acid, n-octadecylphosphonic acid, or carbon dioxide to form surface bound n-alkylammonium oleate, phosphonate, and carbamate ion pairs that bind with greater affinity than primary n-alkylamines. The results indicate that nanocrystal dispersions solely stabilized by neutral donor ligands are relatively unstable compared to those stabilized by adsorbed metal carboxylate or phosphonate complexes or by ion pairs. The challenge of differentiating between the neutral ligand bound form and adsorbed ion pairs is discussed.
Spray Coating for Polymer Solar Cells: An Up‐to‐Date Overview (2015)

Abstract Solution processing is the most appealing aspect of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. The possibility of printing low‐cost, lightweight, and efficient polymer solar cells (PSC) is the commonly accepted paradigm associated with printable materials deposited as inks using solution‐processing techniques. In addition to slot–die, serigraphy, and flexo/gravure printing, spray coating can be used for photo‐active polymer blends, interface materials for hole and electron extraction, and electrodes. This technique is widely accepted in the industrial world as one of the most suitable for coating thin layers onto virtually any kind of substrate (e.g., glass, metal, plastic) with a degree of conformability insuperable by any other high‐speed coating technique. We present the basic principles governing the mechanisms of atomization, the main techniques adopted for PSCs, the state of the art applications of spray coating for building up each layer of a PSC, and an overview of the perspectives for industrialization.
Neural mechanisms underlying nicotine dependence (1994)

There is little doubt that many habitual smokers find it difficult to quit the habit because they have become addicted to the nicotine present in the smoke. This paper addresses some of the pharmacological mechanisms underlying this addiction and discusses how an understanding of these mechanisms may contribute to the more effective use of nicotine replacement therapy during smoking cessation. It considers critically the evidence that the "rewarding" properties of nicotine, which serve to reinforce drug-seeking behaviour, are related to stimulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system of the brain. The critique focuses specifically on the evidence that many central nicotinic receptors, including those which mediate the effects of the drug on dopamine secretion, are readily desensitized by chronic exposure to agonist and that hypotheses which assume that nicotine inhaled from tobacco smoke invariably results in stimulation of the receptors must be treated with caution. Nicotinic receptors in the brain are, however, heterogeneous in nature with different molecular structures and pharmacologies. It is concluded that the reinforcing properties of nicotine sought by smokers may reflect both stimulation and desensitization of the different nicotinic receptor populations, and that smokers may adjust their smoking habits to achieve the balance of receptor stimulation and desensitization which they find most reinforcing. It seems likely that the efficacy of the different nicotine formulations during the treatment of smoking cessation may also reflect their ability to stimulate or desensitize brain nicotinic receptors.
The HIV-1 Rev trans-activator shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (1994)

The HIV-1 Rev protein is a nuclear trans-activator essential for the transport of unspliced viral transcripts to the cytoplasm. In this paper we demonstrate that Rev, rather than being confined to the nucleus, is constantly shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. We also show that inactivation of Rev's leucine-rich activation domain generates mutant proteins that not only fail to induce the nuclear export of viral transcripts but are also unable to enter the cytoplasm. On the basis of this correlation, we propose that Rev activates viral mRNA transport by directly binding to these RNAs and translocating, with them, to the cytoplasm. In addition, these results also identify, for the first time, a peptide sequence that is important for nuclear export.
Learning Multiple Tasks with Multilinear Relationship Networks (2015)

Deep networks trained on large-scale data can learn transferable features to promote learning multiple tasks. Since deep features eventually transition from general to specific along deep networks, a fundamental problem of multi-task learning is how to exploit the task relatedness underlying parameter tensors and improve feature transferability in the multiple task-specific layers. This paper presents Multilinear Relationship Networks (MRN) that discover the task relationships based on novel tensor normal priors over parameter tensors of multiple task-specific layers in deep convolutional networks. By jointly learning transferable features and multilinear relationships of tasks and features, MRN is able to alleviate the dilemma of negative-transfer in the feature layers and under-transfer in the classifier layer. Experiments show that MRN yields state-of-the-art results on three multi-task learning datasets.
Ribavirin aerosol treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection (1991)

A controlled study showed that ribavirin aerosol was therapeutically effective and did not cause side effects in infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection receiving mechanical ventilation. Treatment of patients on ventilation has not yet been approved for general use. Reports indicated divergence of opinion about acceptable limits of environmental exposure of pregnant health care workers treating patients receiving ribavirin aerosol. In this connection, reviews of animal data revealed differences in the interpretation of no-effect levels and in the multiples of reduction of dosage considered “safe.” New studies in animals revealed that at usual dosages, ribavirin is neither teratogenic nor chronically toxic. A review of several years of clinical usage revealed no birth defects or serious side effects.
Corrosion Behaviour of Structural Ceramics in Supercritical Water (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Recursive Feature Generation for Knowledge-based Learning (2018)

When humans perform inductive learning, they often enhance the process with background knowledge. With the increasing availability of well-formed collaborative knowledge bases, the performance of learning algorithms could be significantly enhanced if a way were found to exploit these knowledge bases. In this work, we present a novel algorithm for injecting external knowledge into induction algorithms using feature generation. Given a feature, the algorithm defines a new learning task over its set of values, and uses the knowledge base to solve the constructed learning task. The resulting classifier is then used as a new feature for the original problem. We have applied our algorithm to the domain of text classification using large semantic knowledge bases. We have shown that the generated features significantly improve the performance of existing learning algorithms.