gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atomistic Investigation of Load Transfer Between DWNT Bundles “Crosslinked” by PMMA Oligomers (2012)

Abstract The production of carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns possessing high strength and toughness remains a major challenge due to the intrinsically weak interactions between “bare” CNTs. To this end, nanomechanical shear experiments between functionalized bundles of CNTs are combined with multiscale simulations to reveal the mechanistic and quantitative role of nanotube surface functionalization on CNT‐CNT interactions. Notably, the in situ chemical vapor deposition (CVD) functionalization of CNT bundles by poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐like oligomers is found to enhance the shear strength of bundle junctions by about an order of magnitude compared with “bare” van der Waals interactions between pristine CNTs. Through multiscale simulations, the enhancement of the shear strength can be attributed to an interlocking mechanism of polymer chains in the bundles, dominated by van der Waals interactions, and stretching and alignment of chains during shearing. Unlike covalent bonds, such synergistic weak interactions can re‐form upon failure, resulting in strong, yet robust fibers. This work establishes the significance of engineered weak interactions with appropriate structural distribution to design CNT yarns with high strength and toughness, similar to the design paradigm found in many biological materials.
Hidden Markov models for character recognition (2003)

The authors present a hierarchical system for character recognition with hidden Markov model knowledge sources that solve both the context sensitivity problem and the character instantiation problem. The system achieves 97 to 99% accuracy using a two-level architecture and has been implemented using a systolic array, thus permitting real-time (1 ms per character) multifont and multisize printed character recognition as well as handwriting recognition.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A multi-tenancy aware architectural framework for SaaS application development (2013)

"ENGINEER", established in 1973 by The Institution of Engineers, is a Journal for dissemination of Engineering knowledge, published quarterly.Cover DescriptionCover images show a schematic diagram of a Pumped-Storage Hydroelectricity (PSH) facility and one of the promising sites for PSH in Sri Lanka. The latter image was obtained from the publicly available JICA report on “Development Planning on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Sri Lanka”. The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka acknowledges JICA for the image. If you are interested in contributing an Original Technical Paper based on research by the author(s) (intended for Section I) or an Original Article of Professional or Technical interest related to Engineering. (Section II) to this journal please go through the publication checklist which can be downloaded from here.
High Temperature Texturing of Engineered Materials in a Magnetic Field (2003)

Abstract : The primary objective of this proposal is to investigate the effect of high field/temperature in the development of texture (preferred orientation) in magnetic materials. Highly textured permanent magnet materials of Ne2Fe14B have been produced using the facility constructed within the first part of the ARO support. Other materials systems including: FePd, Terfenol-D, steel and Zink material have also been processed and a highly oriented microstructure has been obtained in these materials. The success in texturing Zn-1.1% Al diamagnetic material shows that the new processing technique can also be applied to nonmagnetic materials. A new initiative in orienting nano-tube in magnetic field resulted in a huge success. These studies were carried mostly in a newly constructed high temperature furnaces funded by ARO. This facility includes two high temperature furnaces (1250 deg C and 1600 deg C) in the bore of a 20 inch resistive magnet capable of producing a uniform high magnetic field of 20 Tesla. These studies will also be carried out in the core of a 9 Tesla superconducting magnet.
MD simulation of subtilisin BPN′ in a crystal environment (1992)

In this paper we present a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of subtilisin BPN' in a crystalline environment containing four protein molecules and solvent. Conformational and dynamic properties of the molecules are compared with each other and with respect to the X-ray structure to test the validity of the force field. The agreement between simulated and experimental structure using the GROMOS force field is better than that obtained in the literature using other force fields for protein crystals. The overall shape of the molecule is well preserved, as is the conformation of alpha-helices and beta-strands. Structural differences are mainly found in loop regions. Solvent networks found in the X-ray structure were reproduced by the simulation, which was unbiased with respect to the crystalline hydration structure. These networks seem to play an important role in the stability of the protein; evidence of this is found in the structure of the active site. The weak ion binding site in the X-ray structure of subtilisin BPN' is occupied by a monovalent ion. When a calcium ion is placed in the initial structure, three peptide ligands are replaced by 5 water ligands, whereas a potassium ion retains (in part) its original ligands. Existing force fields yield a reliable method to probe local structure and short-time dynamics of proteins, providing an accuracy of about 0.1 nm.
Quantized multi-mode precoding for spatial multiplexing MIMO-OFDM system (2006)

Spatial multiplexing with multi-mode precoding can achieve both high capacity and high reliability in multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. Multimode precoding uses linear transmit precoding but adapts the number of transmit streams or modes according to the channel conditions. Multi-mode precoding typically requires complete knowledge of the transmit precoding matrices for each subcarrier at the transmitter. In this paper we propose to reduce the feedback requirements by sending back the quantized precoding matrices of a fraction of the subcarriers and obtaining the other precoders using interpolation. Two algorithms are proposed for the interpolation of unitary matrices. Bit error rates simulations demonstrate the performance improvements of the proposed algorithms as a function of the feedback rate.
An electrostatically actuated micromachined vibrating ring gyroscope with highly symmetric support beams (2010)

This paper reports the design, fabrication, package and tests of a highly symmetric micro-machined vibrating ring gyroscope (MVRG). The ring is electrostatically driven, capacitively sensed and stiffness controlled for resonant frequency balancing by 16 electrode anchors inside the ring. A new method is proposed to fabricate the vibrating ring gyroscope through simple all-silicon high aspect ratio microfabrication technologies with only 2 masks. The test results show that the frequency split of the gyroscope can be adjusted from 160 Hz before balancing to less than 0.1 Hz after balancing, the Q-factor could achieve 22000 in vacuum, the resolution of the gyroscope is 0.05°/s, and the measured non-linearity is 0.06% in the ±50°/s range.
The tripeptide glycyl-prolyl-glycine amide does not affect the early steps of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication. (2001)

The tripeptide GPG-NH2 is a nontoxic compound that inhibits the replication of HIV-1 by an apparently new mode of action.
A planning method for safe interaction between human arms and robot manipulators (2005)

This paper presents a planning method based on mapping moving obstacles into C-space for safe interaction between human arms and robot manipulators. In pre-processing phase, a hybrid distance metric is defined to select neighboring sampled nodes in C-space to construct a roadmap. Then, two kinds of mapping are constructed to determine invalid and dangerous edges in the roadmap for each basic cell decomposed in workspace. For updating the roadmap when an obstacle is moving, basic cells covering the obstacle's surfaces are mapped into the roadmap by using new positions of the surfaces points sampled on the obstacle. In query phase, in order to predict and avoid coming collisions and reach the goal efficiently, an interaction strategy with six kinds of planning actions of searching, updating, walking, waiting, dodging and pausing are designed. Simulated experiments show that the proposed method is efficient for safe interaction between two working robot manipulators and two randomly moving human arms.
Geographic Knowledge Graph (GeoKG): A Formalized Geographic Knowledge Representation (2019)

Formalized knowledge representation is the foundation of Big Data computing, mining and visualization. Current knowledge representations regard information as items linked to relevant objects or concepts by tree or graph structures. However, geographic knowledge differs from general knowledge, which is more focused on temporal, spatial, and changing knowledge. Thus, discrete knowledge items are difficult to represent geographic states, evolutions, and mechanisms, e.g., the processes of a storm “{9:30-60 mm-precipitation}-{12:00-80 mm-precipitation}-…”. The underlying problem is the constructors of the logic foundation (ALC description language) of current geographic knowledge representations, which cannot provide these descriptions. To address this issue, this study designed a formalized geographic knowledge representation called GeoKG and supplemented the constructors of the ALC description language. Then, an evolution case of administrative divisions of Nanjing was represented with the GeoKG. In order to evaluate the capabilities of our formalized model, two knowledge graphs were constructed by using the GeoKG and the YAGO by using the administrative division case. Then, a set of geographic questions were defined and translated into queries. The query results have shown that GeoKG results are more accurate and complete than the YAGO’s with the enhancing state information. Additionally, the user evaluation verified these improvements, which indicates it is a promising powerful model for geographic knowledge representation.
A fast gradient-based algorithm for image reconstruction in inverse geometry CT architecture with sparse distributed sources (2019)

Conventional Cone Beam CT (CBCT) is composed of a single source and a large detector to aquire a full sinogram of the object. Multi-source inverse geometry CT system (IGCT) consists, for its part in using several sources and a small detector to acquire several partial sinograms of the object. For technological, financial and medical reasons the reduction of the number of sources and the reduction of the detector size are interesting but induce to solve an ill-posed and ill-conditionned problem. We propose a regularized iterative algorithm which is able to reconstruct the object volume from partial sinograms acquired with a an optimized multi-source IGCT system : we will demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm when we reduce the size of the detector and the number of sources. Realistically simulated CT data is reconstructed with the proposed algorithm and the results are compared to those obtained by filtered backprojection (FBP) and those obtained by a maximum likelihood estimation to show the impact of the regularization.
IN-PLANT VS. CONTRACT HEARING TESTS (1976)

Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act regulations, it is certain that there will be annual hearing testing for all employees who are exposed to noise levels exceeding some magic number (e.g., 85 or 90 dba), and even more frequent testing for those employees who show a significant decrease in their hearing between their first (base-line audiogram) and follow-up annual hearing tests. Industry has two basic choices regarding an employee hearing testing program: In-plant testing by an accredited staff of audiometric technicians, using proper equipment in a controlled environment; Contracting with an outside source to test the employees, using their equipment and technicians. The purpose of this article is to provide information about each approach, to assist industry representatives decide which method is best for their particular plant or plants.
Effect of Structure on Reactivity.<sup>1</sup> III. Aminolysis of Esters with Primary Amines<sup>2</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Structure on Reactivity.1 III. Aminolysis of Esters with Primary Amines2Edward McC. Arnett, John G. Miller, and Allan R. DayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 12, 5635–5638Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01168a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01168a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views433Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Highly flexible top-emitting phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) (2014)

Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) have become attractive for flat panel display industry, with applications ranging from mobile phone screens to TVs. They have several advantages over inorganic LEDs such as high contrast ratio, wide viewing angle, faster response time, scalable large area processing and most importantly mechanical flexibility. OLEDs on flexible substrates can endure certain level of mechanical deformation such as bending, rolling or folding without disruption of the performance. The current demonstrated flexibility for OLEDs is up to a few centimeters or millimeters bending radius, depending on the materials, substrates and device structures. More flexible OLEDs with bending radius of curvature on the order of microns will be needed for applications in wearable, roll-up, or foldable displays and bezel-free screens and flexible signage systems. This thesis presents the design, fabrication and characterization of highly flexible and foldable top-emitting OLEDs made on 50 micron thick polyimide (PI) plastic substrates, which can achieve approximately 200 microns bending radius of curvature (folding) without visible damage or impact on emission brightness and uniformity. To the best of our knowledge these are the most flexible phosphorescent OLEDs and first foldable OLEDs ever reported. We believe such flexibility is the benefit of the mechanical stability and low film thickness of the PI substrate. The surface roughness of PI had been the major limitation of its application as OLED substrates, and in this thesis a special side-angle evaporation method is proposed to improve the step coverage of deposited thin films of materials on PI without the requirement of buffer layers. The same method is also proved to be applicable for fabricating OLEDs on much rougher substrates such as Scotch tapes, and fiberglass and transparency sheets. The OLEDs fabricated on above substrates are also presented and characterized.
Expression of mucin peptide and blood group ABH- and Lewis-related carbohydrate antigens in normal human conjunctiva. (1994)

The conjunctival mucins cross-react with antibodies specific for digestive mucins and for blood group-related carbohydrate epitopes. The distributions of Lewis and secretor phenotypes in conjunctiva are: 19% Lewis-positive nonsecretors, 71% Lewis-positive secretors, and 10% Lewis-negative secretors. Lea and Leb antigens are present on epithelial cells of Lewis-positive nonsecretors and Lewis-positive secretors, respectively, as expected for antigens under control of Lewis and secretor genes. The secretor alpha-2-fucosyltransferase is not expressed on goblet cells, as described for the goblet cells of the distal rectal colonic mucosae. ABH antigens synthesized by the products of A1, A2, B, and Se genes and modulated by the presence of the product of the Lewis gene are found in epithelial cells. In addition, A-related epitopes independent of the A1-A2 subtype, secretor, and Lewis phenotypes also are present in both epithelial and goblet cells.
[Study on the specific diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) with fluorometry]. (1990)

Porphyrins are found in fetal urine, neonatal urine, amniotic fluid, and meconium. Zn-coproporphyrin (Zn-CP), which we identified in meconium, has two fluorescent peaks at 580 nm and 630 nm, and Coproporphyrin (CP), found in fetal urine, has one fluorescent peak at 620 nm, when both porphyrins are excited at 405 nm. In this study, the fluorescent peak at 580 nm was used to detect Zn-CP in neonatal urine, using the new index, that is the Urinary Fluorescence Meconium Index (UFMI); UFMI = F580-(F580 + F600)/2 [F: fluorescence intensity]. We obtained urine samples from neonates in these three groups: Group-I: Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS; n = 3), Group-II: non-MAS with meconium stained amniotic fluid at delivery (n = 18), and Group-III: non-MAS with clear amniotic fluid at delivery (n = 25). The UMI (Urinary Meconium Index) was also measured by conventional optical absorbance. The results show that many false positive cases were observed in UMI, and that no false positive cases were observed in UFMI. These results lead one to speculate that Zn-CP, which is specific in meconium, is used in UFMI measurement, while UMI measurement by absorbance cannot exclude contamination by CP in neonatal urine, so Zn-CP and CP are measured all together. UFMI values reflected the clinical course of neonates. It is concluded that UFMI is a more sensitive method than UMI for the diagnosis of MAS.
<b>Studies on Polynucleotides. XXVIII.</b><sup>1</sup> <b>The Specific Synthesis of C<sub>3″</sub>-C<sub>5″</sub>-Linked Ribooligonucleotides (4).</b><sup>2</sup> <b>The Stepwise Synthesis of Uridylyl-(3″ → 5″)-adenylyl-(3″ → 5″)-uridylyl-(3″ → 5″)-uridine</b><sup>3</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies on Polynucleotides. XXVIII.1The Specific Synthesis of C3″-C5″-Linked Ribooligonucleotides (4).2The Stepwise Synthesis of Uridylyl-(3″ → 5″)-adenylyl-(3″ → 5″)-uridylyl-(3″ → 5″)-uridine3Y. Lapidot and H. G. KhoranaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 23, 3852–3857Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00906a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00906a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection (2005)

One way to describe anomalies is by saying that anomalies are not concentrated. This leads to the problem of finding level sets for the data generating density. We interpret this learning problem as a binary classification problem and compare the corresponding classification risk with the standard performance measure for the density level problem. In particular it turns out that the empirical classification risk can serve as an empirical performance measure for the anomaly detection problem. This allows us to compare different anomaly detection algorithms empirically, i.e. with the help of a test set. Based on the above interpretation we then propose a support vector machine (SVM) for anomaly detection. Finally, we establish universal consistency for this SVM and report some experiments which compare our SVM to other commonly used methods including the standard one-class SVM. 1
Comparative Proteomics Approach to Screening of Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2008)

This work demonstrates that a comprehensive strategy of proteomics identification combined with further validation and detailed functional analysis should be adopted in the field of cancer biomarker discovery. A comparative proteomics approach was utilized to identify differentially expressed proteins in 10 oral squamous carcinoma samples paired with their corresponding normal tissues. A total of 52 significantly and consistently altered proteins were identified with eight of these being reported for the first time in oral squamous carcinoma. Of the eight newly implicated proteins, RACK1 was chosen for detailed analysis. RACK1 was demonstrated to be up-regulated in cancer at both the mRNA and protein levels. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the enhanced expression of RACK1 was correlated with the severity of the epithelial dysplasia as well as clinical stage, lymph node involvement, and recurrence, which are known indicators of a relatively poor prognosis in oral squamous carcinoma patients. RNA interference specifically targeted to silence RACK1 could initiate apoptosis of oral squamous carcinoma cells. Taken together, the results indicate that RACK1 is up-regulated in oral squamous carcinoma, not only being closely related to cell proliferation and apoptosis but also linked to clinical invasiveness and metastasis in carcinogenesis. The observations suggest that RACK1 may be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring in the therapy of oral squamous carcinoma. Further this comprehensive strategy could be used for identifying other differentially expressed proteins that have potential to be candidate biomarkers of oral squamous carcinoma.