gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Dioxide Capture Using an Electrochemically Driven Proton Concentration Process (2020)

The development of sustainable CO2 capture technologies is critical to address issues associated with global warming. In this context, the concept of an electrochemically driven proton concentration process is developed for the capture of CO2 based on modulation of the proton concentration in an electrochemical cell by a proton intercalating MnO2 electrode. The pH sensitivity of CO2 hydration is leveraged such that CO2 is absorbed as bicarbonate and carbonate ions at high pH values and desorbed as gas at low pH values. The electrochemical work requirement for the proposed proton concentration process to desorb CO2 captured from a flue gas stream is estimated to be 33.2 kJe/mol CO2, suggesting that this process is competitive with other similar electrochemical-based approaches. The experimental results show that the generated current in a symmetrical electrochemical cell with fabricated electrodes is effectively translated into proton intercalation/deintercalation reactions through reversible cycles, resulting in modulated proton concentrations.
Line-scan focal modulation microscopy for rapid imaging of thick biological specimens (2011)

In recent development of fluorescence microscopy, the out-of-focus fluorescence background that arises when imaging deep inside biological tissues is critical in determining the image quality and penetration depth. Focal Modulation Microscopy [1-3] (FMM) is an emerging single-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy technique that can provide sub-micron spatial resolution for deep imaging of biological tissues mainly by preserving the signal-to-background ratio. Here we report a line-scan FMM that enables line-byline recording [4] at video frame rates (>30 fps) depending on the size of region of interest.
The Changes of Mite-Specific Immunoglobulin A and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 During Immunotherapy of Children with Dust Mite Allergy (2003)

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most important immunoglobulin of the mucosa. It can protect the mucosal surface from invasion by foreign pathogens. However, only a few studies have mentioned the changes of allergen-specific IgA after immunotherapy in patients with bronchial asthma. In this study, we sought to investigate the levels of mite-specific IgA, IgE, and IgG4 as well as total IgE, IgG, IgA, and IgM, before and after immunotherapy. Serum levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), the major cytokine secreted by type 3 T helper (TH3) cell and a contributing factor for IgA isotype switch, was also assayed. A total of 19 patients were enrolled in this study. The serum levels of total IgG, IgA, and IgM were measured by rate nephelometry. Total IgE, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der-p), and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der-f)-specific IgE, and mite-specific IgG4 were determined with commercial radioallergosorbent test (RAST) system. Mite-specific IgA and TGF-β1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed a significant increase of mite-specific IgA and IgG4 mean of 7 months after immunotherapy (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 decreases significantly (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in total IgG, IgE, IgA, and IgM or mite-specific IgE after immunotherapy (p > 0.05). We hypothesized that the increased allergen-specific IgA and IgG4 might work as blocking antibodies at the mucosa and in serum, respectively, after immunotherapy. It might prevent the allergen from penetrating the mucosa or from competing with allergen specific IgE. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of allergen-specific IgA and TGF-β in the working mechanisms of immunotherapy.
Fagomine Isomers and Glycosides from <i>Xanthocercis zambesiaca</i> (1997)

50% aqueous MeOH extracts from the leaves and roots of Xanthocercis zambesiaca (Leguminosae) were subjected to various ion-exchange column chromatographic steps to give fagomine (1), 3-epi-fagomine (2), 3,4-di-epi-fagomine (3), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfagomine (4), and 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfagomine (5). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses, particularly by extensive 1D and 2D NMR studies. Compounds 3 and 4 are new natural products. Compound 1 is a good inhibitor of isomaltase and certain alpha- and beta-galactosidases. Whereas 2 is a more potent inhibitor of isomaltase and beta-galactosidases than 1, it does not inhibit alpha-galactosidase. Compounds 3-5 exhibited no significant inhibition against the glycosidases used.
Methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in metastatic breast cancer. A phase II trial of the hoosier oncology group (1991)

Forty-six eligible patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) were treated with a combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) as first-line chemotherapy. Of 44 patients evaluable for response, 28 (64%) had an objective response, including seven (16%) who had a complete response. The median duration of response was 4 months (range, 0 to 38 months), and the median survival from the time of entry was 14 months (range, less than 1 to greater than 45 months). Myelosuppression was the most common dose-limiting toxicity, with 54% of patients experiencing Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia (including 28% with granulocytopenic fever and one septic death), and cumulative Grade 3 anemia occurred in 28% of patients. Grades 3 to 4 stomatitis was observed in 18% of patients. An active, although highly toxic regimen when used as first-line therapy in MBC, M-VAC has a response rate and survival duration similar to existing, less toxic combination regimens. As such, M-VAC cannot be recommended in preference to other combination chemotherapy regimens in this clinical setting.
An optimal energy-based approach for driving guidance of full Electric Vehicles (2012)

The present work focuses on the development of computational algorithms to determine on-line energy-based driving guidance for an Electric Vehicle (EV) endowed with regenerative breaking system capabilities. A predictive decision support system is designed to optimally distribute the energy flow between the instantaneous power demand requested by the driver for the powertrain engine and the different auxiliaries relating to comfort performance, such as the heating system. The proposed methodology uses an on-line iterative optimization process algorithm to search for global optimum relatively to specific objective functions, which take into account the battery autonomy, driving comfort indexes and the travel time. Our methodology has been validated for a heavy motorized quadricycle vehicle using Hardware In the Loop (HIL) simulations, for which the Energy Management System has been implemented in a DSP board communicating through a CAN protocol.
Therapeutic Effects of Oligonol, Acupuncture, and Quantum Light Therapy in Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis (2015)

This research aimed to compare anti-inflammatory effects of oligonol, acupuncture, and quantum light therapy in rat models of estrogen-induced prostatitis. Adult male Wistar albino rats were grouped as follows: Group I, control (n = 10); Group II, chronic prostatitis (n = 10); Group III, oligonol (n = 10); Group IV, acupuncture (n = 10); Group V, quantum (n = 10); Group VI, oligonol plus quantum (n = 10); Group VII, acupuncture plus oligonol (n = 10); Group VIII, quantum plus acupuncture (n = 10); and Group IX, acupuncture plus quantum plus oligonol (n = 10). Chronic prostatitis (CP) was induced by the administration of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Oligonol was given for 6 weeks at a dose of 60 mg/day. Acupuncture needles were inserted at CV 3/4 and bilaterally B 32/35 points with 1-hour manual stimulation. Quantum therapy was administered in 5-minute sessions three times weekly for 6 weeks. Lateral lobes of prostates were dissected for histopathologic evaluation. Although all of the treatment modalities tested in this study showed anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of CP in male rats, a synergistic effect was observed for oligonol plus quantum light combination. Monotherapy with oligonol showed a superior anti-inflammatory efficacy as compared to quantum light and acupuncture monotherapies.
A Mechanism for Detecting and Responding to Misbehaving Nodes in Wireless Networks (2007)

While mechanisms exist to instantiate common security functionality such as confidentiality and integrity, little has been done to define a mechanism for identification and remediation of devices engaging in behavior deemed inappropriate. This ability is particularly relevant as devices become increasingly adaptive through the development of software- defined and frequency agile radios. Adaptive devices can alter their behavior in a way that is noncompliant to a given set of standards and thus cause problems for other compliant devices. We address this deficiency by developing and assessing a mechanism for detecting misbehaving nodes in wireless systems. While we developed our system on an 802.11 network, the same approach could readily be applied to other wireless networks. Our mechanism is based on a reputation-enabled intrusion detection system, in which a centralized trust authority monitors traffic and collects secondhand information on potentially misbehaving nodes. The system integrates a mixture of alarms and reports to calculate a reputation vector of all nodes in the system. An XML based policy engine is used to detect policy violations. These mechanisms are built to be flexible and extensible in order to deal with the issues arising out of software programmable devices. In extending beyond traditional intrusion detection, our approach will incorporate physical layer information, such as power and frequency use, in determining improper behavior. In evaluating the system, we consider how our mechanism, (1) impacts system performance, (2) correctly identifies misbehaving nodes, (3) addresses "bad mouthing" and (4) resists collusion.
Study on planar busbar regarding stray inductance minimization and oscillation suppression for high power converter (2009)

Planar busbars have played a significant role in reducing the parasitic/stray inductance in modern high power converters, which is caused by physical current path loop from the IGBT to DC capacitors. Consequently, it may lead to such problems as non-ideal converter operation, over-voltages, voltage drop, current unbalance and resonance with DC capacitors as well as snubber capacitors, especially applied with active power filters (APF) usually with a wide range of current frequency. This paper presents a new physical structure for a voltage source inverter applied in 380 V/400 A APF with low inductance and oscillation busbar structure, in which the design considerations and analysis are given. The experimental and simulation results show that it obtained very low stray inductance and had good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance.
JS‐K, a novel non‐ionic diazeniumdiolate derivative, inhibits Hep 3B hepatoma cell growth and induces c‐Jun phosphorylation via multiple MAP kinase pathways (2003)

JS-K, a non-ionic diazeniumdiolate derivative, is capable of arylating nucleophiles and spontaneously generating nitric oxide (NO) at physiological pH. This recently synthesized low molecular weight compound is shown here to be an inhibitor of cell growth with concomitant activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) members ERK, JNK, and p38 and their downstream effectors c-Jun and AP-1. Inhibitors of these MAPK pathways abrogated the growth inhibitory actions of JS-K. In addition to the well-described actions of JNK as a kinase for c-Jun, we show that c-Jun is also an ERK target. Furthermore, JS-K generated NO in culture and NO inhibitors antagonized both MAPK induction and the growth inhibitory effects of JS-K. These results suggest two possible mechanisms for the mediation of JS-K growth inhibitory actions, namely NO-induction of MAPK pathway constituents as well as possible arylation reactions. The data support the idea that prolonged MAPK activation by JS-K action is important in mediating its growth-inhibitory actions. JS-K thus represents a promising platform for novel growth inhibitory analog synthesis.
ON THE TRAIL OF TRAILERS (2001)

SUBTITLE: KEEPING TRACK OF TRAILER LOCATION AND STATUS CAN BE A FRUSTRATING TASK -- ONE THAT OFTEN LEADS CARRIERS TO SIMPLY BUY OR LEASE MORE TRAILERS. CONSIDER WHETHER AN INVESTMENT IN TECHNOLOGY MAKES SENSE FOR YOUR BUSINESS.
Optimal seeding in batch crystallization (1999)

Abstract This is the first comprehensive study on the optimization of seed distribution in a crystallization process. For a batch crystallizer, a dynamic programming formulation optimizes a property of the product crystals over the supersaturation profile and the seed characteristics, namely the mean size of the seed crystals, the seed mass, and the width of the seed distribution. Three optimization objectives are considered: (1) weight mean size, (2) coefficient of variation, and (3) the ratio of the nucleated crystal mass to seed crystal mass. Different objectives lead to substantially different optimal seed distributions. It is shown that optimizing over the seed distribution can have a larger effect on the product crystal size distribution than optimizing over the supersaturation profile.
The influence of macrophage depletion on ligament healing (2010)

Despite a complex cascade of cellular events to reconstruct damaged extracellular matrix (ECM), ligament healing results in a mechanically inferior, scar-like tissue. During normal healing, the number of macrophages significantly increases within the wound site. Then, granulation tissue expands into any residual, normal ligamentous tissue (creeping substitution), resulting in a larger region of healing, greater mechanical compromise, and an inefficient repair process. To study the effects of macrophages on the repair process, bilateral, surgical rupture of their medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) was done on rats. Treatment animals received liposome-encapsulated clodronate, 2 days before rupture to ablate phagocytosing macrophages. Ligaments were then collected at days 5, 11, and 28 for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or mechanical testing. Clodronate treatment reduced both the M1 and M2 macrophages at day 5 and altered early healing. However, the macrophages effectively returned to control levels after day 5 and reinitiated a wound-healing response. Our results suggest that an early macrophage response, which is necessary for debridement of damaged tissue in the wound, is also important for cytokine release to mediate normal repair processes. Additionally, nonspecific inhibition of macrophages (without regard to specific macrophage populations) can control excessive granulation tissue formation but is detrimental to early matrix formation and ligament strength.
iTrack: IoT framework for Smart Food Monitoring System (2016)

In the era of technology advancement, everything requires monitoring and controlling. This paper proposes an IoT framework for facilitating food monitoring for protection of the food, so that it would not get contaminated due to surrounding conditions during storage and transportation. In present scenario, the work done is in terms of the sensed values that have been recorded and a detailed analysis has been performed but automated control alternatives are not present. The proposed solution analyzes temperature, moisture, light as these parameters affect nutritional values of food items and makes the analysis results accessible to the user via a mobile application. A web server is used for storage of data values sensed in real time and also for analysis results. User is alerted via messages along with location of the shipment whenever an emergency occurs.
A guide to Andalusia (1990)

This book attempts to provide a varied and balanced picture of Andalusia and assess the romantic attitudes of past travellers and writers. Popular subjects such as Moorish Andalusia and flamenco music are examined and the reader is introduced to many less familiar aspects of the province, ranging from the baroque architecture of Seville to the cultural life of Granada in the 1920s, as well as many little-known places and monuments.
Metal–organic frameworks and inorganic nanoflowers: a type of emerging inorganic crystal nanocarrier for enzyme immobilization (2015)

By the methods of physical adsorption, covalent conjugation and self-assembly, enzymes can be immobilized on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and inorganic crystal nanoflowers with the great promise of enhancing enzyme stability, activity and even selectivity.
Options for ground fault clearance in HVDC offshore networks (2012)

The unavailability of adequate HVDC circuit breakers is often named as one of the key inhibitors for building HVDC multi-terminal networks. Instead of only discussing what needs to be done with respect to improving CB technology, we discuss what other options in principle exist. None of the options is optimum in itself, thus the discussion must be mainly driven by reviewing the pros and cons from a fault current clearing point of view and also from a network planning and operation point of view. The manuscript aims at triggering and stimulating the discussion on fault clearance options other than only CBs.
The Quest for LEDBAT Fairness (2010)

BitTorrent developers have recently introduced a new application layer congestion control algorithm based on UDP framing at transport layer and currently under definition at the IETF ledbat Working Group. Ledbat is a delay-based protocol which aims at offering a ``lower than Best Effort'''' data transfer service, with a lower priority with respect to elastic TCP and interactive traffic (e.g., VoIP, game). However, in its current specification, ledbat is affected by a late-comer advantage: indeed the last flow arriving at the bottleneck is more aggressive due to a wrong estimation of the base delay and finally takes over all resources. In this work, we study several solutions to the late-comer problem by means of packet level simulations and simple analysis: in the investigation process, we individuate the root cause for LEDBAT unfairness and propose effective countermeasures.
A STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF RADIATION-INDUCED GELATION IN MONOMERPOLYMER MIXTURES. Final Report (1961)

In order to study radiation responses of anoxic plateau phase cells in vitro, an air-tight anoxic chamber was devised in which Chinese hamster V-79 or Swiss mouse NIH3T3 cells were deoxygenated by replacing the air with saturatedly humidified N2 gas. The cells as adhered on the culture plate, which was contained in the anoxic chamber, were x-irradiated. The deoxygenated condition in the anoxic chamber was maintained as long as necessary. Oxygen enhancement ratio obtained by the anoxic chamber was about 2.6. Repair of potentially lethal damage of the anoxic plateau phase cells was observed to the same extent of that of the oxic cells.
Host-Microbiota Interactions Shape Local and Systemic Inflammatory Diseases (2017)

Recent advances in understanding how the mammalian immune system and intestinal microbiota functionally interact have yielded novel insights for human health and disease. Modern technologies to quantitatively measure specific members and functional characteristics of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract, along with fundamental and emerging concepts in the field of immunology, have revealed numerous ways in which host-microbiota interactions proceed beneficially, neutrally, or detrimentally for mammalian hosts. It is clear that the gut microbiota has a strong influence on the shape and quality of the immune system; correspondingly, the immune system guides the composition and localization of the microbiota. In the following review, we examine the evidence that these interactions encompass homeostasis and inflammation in the intestine and, in certain cases, extraintestinal tissues. Lastly, we discuss translational therapies stemming from research on host-microbiota interactions that could be used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
The Countertrade Handbook (1987)

Beginning with a historical overview of barter and countertrade, Francis goes on to examine the extent of countertrade and the reasons for its increasing presence on the international trade scene. He presents terms and definitions and then proceeds to a detailed analysis of the countertrade deal and the steps that must be taken by involved parties. He describes the countertrade service industry, trading companies, countertrade in Eastern Europe, and types of agreements, and concludes with expert advice on managing countertrade. Helpful appendix sections present information on countertrade practice worldwide, bank export trading companies in the U.S., penalty guarantees, insurance, and more. Anyone involved in international trade will find The Countertrade Handbook an indispensable source of vital information about this increasing, but often costly and risky, facet of international trade.
Bolaamphiphile Nanotube-Templated Metallized Wires (2000)

This paper introduces a new method to produce metal-coated nanowires using self-assembled bolaamphiphile nanotubes as templates. Electroless Ni and Cu coatings on the bolaamphiphile nanotubes were achieved in Ni and Cu baths with reducing agents. Raman microscopic analysis indicates that non-hydrogen-bonded amide groups of the bolaamphiphile nanotubes capture metal ions and form stable metal−amide complexes. These complexes seem to become efficient nucleation sites and produce metallic coatings around the bolaamphiphile nanotubes. This method may therefore be applied to construct nano-electric circuits since the metal-coated bolaamphiphile nanotubes can grow on Au electrodes via self-assembled carboxylic acid thiol monolayers.
Regulation of the human cellular glutathione peroxidase gene during in vitro myeloid and monocytic differentiation (1994)

We have used the HL-60 and PLB-985 myeloid leukemia cell lines to examine the regulation of expression of the important intracellular antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), during phagocytic cell differentiation in vitro. Induction of differentiation along the monocytic pathway by phorbol ester results in an approximately twofold rise in enzyme activity and a parallel increase in the rate of 75Se incorporation into immunoprecipitable GSH-Px protein. Induction along the granulocytic pathway by dimethyl formamide (DMF) results in similar changes in steady-state enzyme levels and rates of GSH-Px protein synthesis. Steady-state levels of GSH-Px gene transcripts also increase more than twofold, approximately in parallel with the enzyme levels. Nuclear run-on transcription assays of GSH-Px mRNA synthesis show ratios of induced to uninduced transcript levels of 2.24 and 1.59 with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induction and DMF, respectively, in HL-60 cells, and ratios of 1.34 and 3.46 with PMA and DMF, respectively, in PLB-985 cells. Half lives of GSH-Px mRNA are unchanged or slightly shorter after differentiation of HL-60 cells, and slightly longer after induction of PLB-985. Overall, the present studies show that GSH-Px activity rises during in vitro-induced monocytic or granulocytic differentiation of myeloid cell lines and that the increased expression of the cellular GSH-Px gene occurs through complex mechanisms that include transcriptional up-regulation. This pattern contrasts with the nearly complete cotranslational regulation of GSH-Px expression by exogenous selenium.