gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Nonuniformities in the Plasma Etching of Silicon with  CF 4 /  O 2 (1990)

Experimental and modeling work has been performed to examine the effects of reactor pressure, etchant gas flow rate, and wafer location on the uniformity of plasma etching silicon using in a parallel‐plate‐radial flow reactor. Intrawafer etch rates were measured at 12 points across a 3 in. wafer at pressures between 125 and 200 mtorr, 70°C, and gas residence times between 1.28 and 2.14s. Depending on the operating conditions, an edge‐to‐center decrease in etch rate of 5–25% was observed. A combined reactor/reaction model is able to predict this degree of nonuniformity. Uniformity was improved by increasing the reactor pressure and decreasing the flow rate of the etchant gas. Etch uniformity was also found to be a function of wafer location within the reactor. Data are presented which show the influences of process parameters on both etch rate magnitude and uniformity.
Factors affecting the use of envelope interaural time differences in reverberation (2013)

At high frequencies, interaural time differences (ITDs) are conveyed by the sound envelope. Sensitivity to envelope ITDs depends crucially on the envelope shape. Reverberation degrades the envelope shape, reducing the modulation depth of the envelope and the slope of its flanks. Reverberation also reduces the envelope interaural coherence (i.e., the similarity of the envelopes at two ears). The current study investigates the extent to which these changes affect sensitivity to envelope ITDs. The first experiment measured ITD discrimination thresholds at low and high frequencies in a simulated room. The stimulus was either a low-frequency narrowband noise or the same noise transposed to a higher frequency. The results suggest that the effect of reverberation on ITD thresholds was multiplicative. Given that the threshold without reverberation was larger for the transposed than for the low-frequency stimulus, this meant that, in absolute terms, the thresholds for the transposed stimulus showed a much greater increase due to reverberation than those for the low-frequency stimulus. Three further experiments indicated that the effect of reverberation on the envelope ITD thresholds was due to the combined effect of the reduction in the envelope modulation depth and slopes, as well as the decrease in the envelope interaural coherence.
Orderly Arranged NLO Materials Based on Chromophore-Containing Dendrons on Exfoliated Layered Templates (2009)

Three chromophore-containing dendrons were intercalated into montmorillonite layered silicates via an ion-exchange process. Enlarged d spacings ranging from 50 to 126 A were achieved for these novel organoclays. After the organoclays were blended with a polyimide, the steric bulkiness of the dendrons and the interaction between dendron and polyimide resulted in an ordered morphology. The orderly arranged nanocomposites were characterized by a UV-visible spectrophotometer, a variable-temperature infrared spectrometer, and electro-optical modulation. The dendrons in layered silicates were capable of undergoing a critical conformational change into an ordered structure, indicated by the drastic changes of interlayer distances at certain packing densities. Electro-optical coefficients increased sharply from 0 to 6 pm/V while the conformational change occurred. Furthermore, the addition of a polyimide capable of interaction-induced orientation was found to exert an enhancing effect on the degree of the noncentrosymmetric alignment.
Full-Range Pilot-Assisted Frequency Offset Estimation for OFDM Systems (2013)

10.1364/NFOEC.2013.JW2A.53
Purification of Lymphocytes by Acoustic Separation in Plastic Microchannels (2018)

Emerging cell therapies have created new demands for instruments that will increase processing efficiency. Purification of lymphocytes prior to downstream steps of gene transfer currently relies on centrifugal separation, which has drawbacks in output sample purity and process automation. Here, we present an alternative approach to blood cell purification using acoustic forces in plastic microchannels. We provide details regarding the system's ability to purify lymphocytes relative to other blood cell types while maintaining a high overall recovery, testing performance starting from leukapheresis product, buffy coat, and whole blood. Depending on settings, the device achieves for lymphocytes up to 97% purity and up to 68% recovery, and depletes 98% of monocytes while also reducing red cells and platelets. We expect that future scale-up of our system for increased throughput will enable its incorporation in the cell therapy workflow, and that it could ultimately reduce costs and expand access for patients.
Resins for Aerospace (1985)

In 1979 at the American Chemical Society/Chemical Society of Japan Chemical Congress in Honolulu, the Division of Organic Coatings and Plastics Chemistry sponsored a symposium entitled "Resins for Aerospace." This was an acknowledgment and tribute to the fact that the aerospace industry is a heavy contributor to the use and understanding of thermoset resin systems. The papers from this symposium later appeared as a 35-chapter book (1). Topics ranged from the design and testing of urethane launch tube seals to a search for readily removable coatings for electronic applications. In the aerospace industry, resinous polymers encompass a wide variety of hardware applications for aircraft, missiles, and space structures. In aircraft, resins are used as a matrix material for primary (flight-dependent) and secondary fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) structures, adhesives for the bonding of metal and composite hardware components, electronic circuit board materials, sealants, and radomes. Missile applications include equipment sections, motor cases,
CacheDedup: in-line deduplication for flash caching (2016)

Flash caching has emerged as a promising solution to the scalability problems of storage systems by using fast flash memory devices as the cache for slower primary storage. But its adoption faces serious obstacles due to the limited capacity and endurance of flash devices. This paper presents CacheDedup, a solution that addresses these limitations using in-line deduplication. First, it proposes a novel architecture that integrates the caching of data and deduplication metadata (source addresses and fingerprints of the data) and efficiently manages these two components. Second, it proposes duplication-aware cache replacement algorithms (D-LRU, DARC) to optimize both cache performance and endurance. The paper presents a rigorous analysis of the algorithms to prove that they do not waste valuable cache space and that they are efficient in time and space usage. The paper also includes an experimental evaluation using real-world traces, which confirms that CacheDedup substantially improves I/O performance (up to 20% reduction in miss ratio and 51% in latency) and flash endurance (up to 89% reduction in writes sent to the cache device) compared to traditional cache management. It also shows that the proposed architecture and algorithms can be extended to support the combination of compression and deduplication for flash caching and improve its performance and endurance.
Optimization of probabilistic & decentralized load balancer on SSI cluster (2009)

The work done in this research attempts to improve the load balancer of OpenMosix. Interestingly trivial changes made to any load balancing algorithm can produce dramatic results. The parameters that effect the load balancing algorithm are first evaluated with the default configurations and then modifications have been made to the /proc file-system dynamically to optimize it in OM. A stronger system in the SSI is assigned most of the workload for a given process whereas relatively slower systems are not as much active; hence reducing the overall efficiency. Making the faster systems pretend to be slower, results are more optimized among the whole SSI nodes. The results show that tuning the speed and decay interval parameters from the /proc interface improves the performance of the overall SSI for the given task.
17  Restoration Techniques For <i>Nereocystis Luetkeana</i> (Mertens) Postels Et Ruprecht (Bull Kelp) (2003)

The establishment and growth of Nereocystis luetkeana communities are limited by many environmental and biotic factors. Temperature, light quantity and quality, turbidity, salinity, wave motion, and competition for space and light all determine where populations of this annual kelp will establish and persist from season to season. Like much of the nearshore marine vegetation in Puget Sound and the San Juan Archipelago, Nereocystis is negatively impacted by anthropogenic disturbances, such as shoreline development and sediment loading from terrestrial erosion. These events can alter or eliminate optimal habitat and conditions that support adult populations, as well as interfere with the development of the microscopic life stages. Various techniques to establish a Nereocystis bed in the northern waters of Washington, USA are examined and will serve as a model for future restoration efforts. Techniques being investigated are as follows: 1) out‐planting Nereocystis during different seasons; 2) out‐planting at different stages of maturity, i.e., zoospore and microscopic sporophyte (0.5–1.0 mm blade length) from cultures; 3) out‐planting directly on natural substratum versus at elevated positions; 4) transplanting juveniles (10 cm stipe length); and, 5) seeding natural substratum with out‐planted sori (sporophylls), bypassing the lab culturing phase. Results of this study will help define the optimal restoration procedure, including environmental parameters, for Nereocystis in order to aid coastal managers in the implementation of nearshore restoration projects. Preliminary results will be presented.
An Efficient High-Frequency Linear RF Amplifier Synthesis Method Based on Evolutionary Computation and Machine Learning Techniques (2012)

Existing radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (IC) design automation methods focus on the synthesis of circuits at a few GHz, typically less than 10 GHz. That framework is difficult to apply to RF IC synthesis at mm-wave frequencies (e.g., 60-100 GHz). In this paper, a new method, called efficient machine learning-based differential evolution, is presented for mm-wave frequency linear RF amplifier synthesis. By using electromagnetic (EM) simulations to evaluate the key passive components, the evaluation of circuit performances is accurate and solves the limitations of parasitic-included equivalent circuit models and predefined layout templates used in the existing synthesis framework. A decomposition method separates the design variables that require expensive EM simulations and the variables that only need cheap circuit simulations. Hence, a low- dimensional expensive optimization problem is generated. By the newly proposed core algorithm integrating adaptive population generation, naive Bayes classification, Gaussian process and differential evolution, the generated low-dimensional expensive optimization problem can be solved efficiently (by the online surrogate model), and global search (by evolutionary computation) can be achieved. A 100 GHz three-stage differential amplifier is synthesized in a 90 nm CMOS technology. The power gain reaches 10 dB with more than 20 GHz bandwidth. The synthesis costs only 25 h, having a comparable result and a nine times speed enhancement compared with directly using the EM simulator and global optimization algorithms.
Abstract B041: An injectable magnetic nanogel system for filling surgical residual cavity with effective cancer immunotherapy combined hyperthermic capability (2019)

Abstract The advancement in nanotechnology has created a wealth of new possibilities for treating cancer with multifunctional nanosystem holding various therapeutic strategies in a single platform. It has been reported that magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia can induce antitumor immunity whereas the immunotherapy can naturally trigger the immune system with the help of an appropriate stimulator to control cancer. Therefore the present study investigates the effectiveness of a hybrid nanocomposite system to effectively exterminating the tumor associated immune cells (TICs) as well as inducing an inflammatory immune response by activating killer T-cells by combining magnetic hyperthermia with an immunostimulatory agent. Here we report an injectable magnetic nanogels conjugating a checkpoint inhibitor (T-lymphocyte antigen-4 [CTLA4]) and a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (imiquimod) for generating an effective antitumoral immune response for postsurgical glioma treatment. The injectable conductive magnetic hydrogel system enables the tracing and deterring of the recurrent tumor cells via magnetic nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia with the strong immunologic memory effect. The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles encapsulated nanogels exhibit an induced heating ability in an alternating magnetic field (AMF) and thereby trigger the tumor cells to undergo a burst release of heat shock proteins to recruit immune cells to generate tumor-allied antigens. These antigens along with the released imiquimod from the hydrogel can generate vaccine-like functionalities. Moreover, the introduction of anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) as a checkpoint-blockade will generate memory T-cells, which in turn will attack the metastatic and recurrent tumor cells. Above all, the conductive bioactive scaffold will support the neuronal regeneration and reactivation of brain cells. Thus our multifunctional novel hydrogel system will be able to fill the surgical residual cavity to prevent the glioma recurrence and will improve the local neuronal tissue reconstruction along with hyperthermic-immunotherapy. Citation Format: Arathyram Ramachandra Kururp Sasikala, Afeesh Rajan Unnithan, Chan Hee Park, Cheol Sang Kim. An injectable magnetic nanogel system for filling surgical residual cavity with effective cancer immunotherapy combined hyperthermic capability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B041.
How to detect object-caused illumination effects in 3D fringe projection (2005)

3D measurement of the shape of rough structures can be realised with structured light illumination techniques. Several problems can arise while measuring complex object geometries with these techniques. Complex objects are characterized, f.e. by deep holes, walls, concave and convex corner-like shaped surface structures. When illuminating the object, one part of the object can "illuminate" another one, yielding locally spurious fringe patterns. Due to these spurious fringe patterns the phase values are strongly distorted significantly increasing the measurement noise locally. Here we propose methods how to detect and to avoid these spurious fringe patterns. The idea is to use the overestimated information which is contained in the graycode and the sinusoidal intensity distribution. On the basis of this procedure, an operator is defined which results in a mask operation. With this new method we can reduce the noise amplitude. In this paper, the detection and reduction of the illumination effect using this operator will be demonstrated while measuring different object geometries.
On Different Facets of Regularization Theory (2002)

This review provides a comprehensive understanding of regularization theory from different perspectives, emphasizing smoothness and simplicity principles. Using the tools of operator theory and Fourier analysis, it is shown that the solution of the classical Tikhonov regularization problem can be derived from the regularized functional defined by a linear differential (integral) operator in the spatial (Fourier) domain. State-of-the-art research relevant to the regularization theory is reviewed, covering Occam's razor, minimum length description, Bayesian theory, pruning algorithms, informational (entropy) theory, statistical learning theory, and equivalent regularization. The universal principle of regularization in terms of Kolmogorov complexity is discussed. Finally, some prospective studies on regularization theory and beyond are suggested.
Second-Order Based Cyclic Frequency Estimates: The Case of Digital Communication Signals (2006)

Both the standard estimate of the second-order cyclic frequency of a digital communication signal and its improved versions (based on a weighted criterion or a denoising of the cyclic periodogram) do not take into account a key property of the signal, indeed, the support of the cyclospectrum at the true cyclic frequency is a narrow interval centered around half this cyclic frequency. This fact is taken into account in this contribution. A theoretical fact explains the improvement over the standard method. Simulations confirm the expectation
6 (1951)

Obwohl die deutlichsten Vorbereitungen und Ansätze dazu gegeben sind, so kommt doch kein Kind zum Sprechen ohne das Vorbild der Erwachsenen. Es spricht nur, indem es die Sprache sprechen lernt, die es von den Erwachsenen hört. Was geht hier eigentlich vor sich?
Performance Characteristics of an Integrated 50We Portable JP8 SOFC - Reformer System (2007)

NanoDynamics Energy Incorporated is developing a family of compact, integrated, partial oxidation reformer (POX) - SOFC systems suitable for methane, propane, diesel and JP8 fuels. The development program aims to bring to the market highly efficient, clean, and cost competitive fuel cell systems with outputs above 50We for portable power generation applications. The partial oxidation reformer was combined with a SOFC stack and a system test for the integrated process chain was performed. The necessary start up strategies and balance-of- plant (BoP) components including fuel and air supply, exhaust gas heat recovery, back-up power, power electronics and control system have been identified. The performance of the system is evaluated for different operating conditions. The results from these studies will be presented in this paper. Finally, the performance characteristics of the POX-SOFC unit have been compared to that of a steam reforming-SOFC system.
Neural Networks for the MS/OR Analyst: An Application Bibliography (1994)

From a management scientist's perspective, the neural networks offer three opportunities: statistical methods, optimization methods, and a problem domain in which to apply OR algorithms. This annotated bibliography of application literature should offer a nontechnical fast track to someone getting started in this exciting area. The research published thus far on the applications of neural networks for statistical and optimization problems shows promise for the interface of neural networks and management science.
Notes on Cultivated Junipers (1961)

Fabry disease is a rare genetic disease caused by a deficiency of α-galactosidase A gene (α-Gal A). Two intravenous enzymes administered every two weeks, agalsidase alfa and beta can slow disease progression and increase survival if administered early, before organ damage occurs. In this case report, we present a patient with a history of anaphylaxis to agalsidase beta who was successfully treated with agalsidase alfa.
The Beer-Lambert Law (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Beer-Lambert LawD. F. Swinehart Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 7, 333Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 July 1962Published inissue 1 July 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ed039p333RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views28507Altmetric-Citations917LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
LETTER VII (2013)

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Research on Key Factors and Their Interaction Effects of Electromagnetic Force of High-Speed Solenoid Valve (2014)

Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accuracy has been validated through lab experiments. Effect of change of core structure, coil structure, armature structure, working air gap, and drive current on the electromagnetic force of HSV has been analyzed through simulation model and influence rules of various parameters on the electromagnetic force have been established. The response surface model of the electromagnetic force has been utilized to analyze the interaction effect between major parameters. It has been concluded that six interaction factors including working air gap with armature radius, drive current with armature thickness, coil turns with side pole radius, armature thickness with its radius, armature thickness with side pole radius, and armature radius with side pole radius have significant influence on the electromagnetic force. Optimal match values between coil turns and side pole radius; armature thickness and side pole radius; and armature radius and side pole radius have also been determined.
Abstract only (2011)

Globally, vast infrastructures of Information Technology (IT) equipment are deployed. Much of this infrastructure is under utilized to ensure acceptable response times. This results in less than ideal use of the capital investment used to purchase the IT equipment. To improve the sustainability of IT, we focus on increasing the effective utilization of computer systems. Our results show that computer systems running delay-sensitive (e.g., Web) workloads can be more effectively utilized while still maintaining adequate (e.g., mean or upper percentile) response times. In particular, these computer systems can simultaneously support delay-tolerant workloads, to increase the value of work done by a computer system over time.