gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of ninhydrin and ninhydrin analogs: Synthetic efforts toward the total synthesis of a (3,4)-didehydroproline analog of astin G (1996)

Ninhydrin is an essential tool in the analysis of amino acids, peptides, and proteins, and the preferred reagent for the detection of latent fingerprints on porous surfaces. An investigation of the oxidation of suitable precursors to form the vicinal tricarbonyl has provided general methods for the synthesis of ninhydrin and ninhydrin analogs. Novel heterocyclic and substituted ninhydrin analogs have been prepared and evaluated for use as reagents for the detection of latent fingerprints. Two members of an alternative class of compounds, 1,2-indandione analogs, were prepared for use as potential reagents. The astins are a class of compounds isolated from the root of the flowering plant Aster tataricus. Three members of this family containing the unusual amino acid cis-dichloro-L-proline have exhibited antitumor activity. Stereoselective syntheses of the non-proteinogenic amino acids contained in the macrocycles were developed. A (3,4)-didehydroproline benzyl ether analog of astin G was prepared as a precursor to radiolabelled astin G. The introduction of the (3,4)-double bond of proline after macrolactamization was investigated to prepare a (3,4)-didehydroproline analog of astin G.
Papa: Physiology And Purpose-Aware Automatic Playlist Generation. (2006)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Authentication, authorization, accounting, and charging for the Mobile Internet (2001)

Mobile data services across the Internet pave the path for a society of tomorrow. Users will be able to access data, information, and services independent of their location. This will ease the way of business and private life, such as for the travelling field engineer repairing electronic devices at the customers’ premises by downloading a new control software or the family on vacation accessing on their Personal Digital Assistant local maps and information on tourist attractions. Having these applications in mind, the Internet technology as it exists today has to be enhanced by a number of different features. An important one is the infrastructure for Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, and Charging (AAAC) those mobile services. These functions will ensure that mobility will not happen into places where not authorized and will enable a commercial operation of a network, which offers services to be sold, such as services with varying Quality-of-Service (QoS) or different security degrees. Therefore, existing approaches, such as the traditional AAA (Authorization, Authentication, and Accounting) Architecture of the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) have to be enhanced and equipped with performing and suitable functionalities.
New therapies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (2016)

Secukinumab, an interleukin-17A antibody, has been approved for treatment of psoriasis and PsA in the United States. It is effective with a good safety profile. Ixekizumab, another anti-interleukin-17A antibody, is currently in clinical trials and brodalumab, an interleukin-17 receptor antagonist, was removed from clinical trials because of safety concerns despite demonstrated efficacy in psoriasis and PsA. Targeting interleukin-23 with antibodies to p19 is another approach with encouraging results in psoriasis. Apremilast, an oral agent, approved to treat psoriasis and PsA demonstrates moderate efficacy with an excellent safety record. The role of tofacitinib in psoriatic disease remains to be determined pending a safety review in psoriasis and completion of PsA trials.
Reconstruction of large diaphyseal defects, without free fibular transfer, in Grade-IIIB tibial fractures. (1989)

Eight Grade-IIIB tibial fractures that were associated with large soft-tissue and segmental diaphyseal defects, averaging ten centimeters in length, were successfully reconstructed without the use of a free fibular transfer. A free tissue flap was the preferred form of soft-tissue coverage. The osseous reconstruction was accomplished by using a massive amount of autogenous cancellous bone graft. Beads that were made from polymethylmethacrylate and impregnated with two antibiotics at the time of operation were used as soft-tissue spacers to preserve the volume of the diaphyseal defect for later receipt of the cancellous bone graft. The beads prevented the soft-tissue flap from collapsing into and adhering to the site of the tibial defect. The beads also served as vehicles for local delivery of the antibiotics that they contained. When the soft-tissue flap had healed, the beads were replaced with cancellous graft. All of the tibiae healed. The time to healing averaged nine months. The average duration of external fixation was 5.5 months. One deep infection developed, but resolved after debridement and antibiotic therapy. This conservative technique is safe and reliable for patients who have sustained a high-energy tibial fracture and a large segmental diaphyseal defect.
The Adipocyte-Number Hypothesis (1981)

The adipocyte-number hypothesis was derived from experimental studies of rats. It states the number of adipocytes (fat cells) is fixed early in life and predestines an individual to be lean or obese depending on changes in the number of adipocytes. However, the present methods for estimating adipocyte number are based on the estimation of total body fat and of adipocyte size. While total body fat can be measured reliably, little is known of the validity of these estimates. the measurement of adipocyte size is reliable if care is taken that cells are not damaged during the application of those methods in which cells are isolated. Nevertheless, these methods are probably preferable to those based on the measurement of intact tissues; human errors are more likely with the latter. The major problem with the measurement of adipocyte size is the unrepresentative nature of the specimen examined and the fact that adipocytes that are devoid of fat are not included in the count. There is disagreement as to whether the rapid increases in total body fat during infancy are due mainly to increases in adipocyte number or in adipocyte size. Furthermore, data from animal experiments indicate that the number of adipocytes may not be fixed during adult life. Age-to-age correlations show almost 0 correlations between measures of obesity before 6 years and the same measures at 16 years, but these correlations increase rapidly after 6 years. Serial data show no more than a slight tendency for obese infants to become obese adults. These findings do not support the adipocyte-number hypothesis.
Nanoscale Tubular Ensembles with Specified Internal Diameters. Design of a Self-Assembled Nanotube with a 13-.ANG. Pore (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNanoscale Tubular Ensembles with Specified Internal Diameters. Design of a Self-Assembled Nanotube with a 13-.ANG. PoreNina Khazanovich, Juan R. Granja, Duncan E. McRee, Ronald A. Milligan, and M. Reza GhadiriCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 13, 6011–6012Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00092a079https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00092a079research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views978Altmetric-Citations213LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Handover in Mobile WiMAX Networks: The State of Art and Research Issues (2010)

The next-generation Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks, using the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) as the core technology based on the IEEE 802.16 family of standards, is evolving as a Fourth-Generation (4G) technology. With the recent introduction of mobility management frameworks in the IEEE 802.16e standard, WiMAX is now in competition with the existing and forthcoming generations of wireless technologies for providing ubiquitous computing solutions. However, the success of a good mobility framework largely depends on the capability of performing fast and seamless handovers irrespective of the deployed architectural scenario. Now that the IEEE has defined the Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e) MAC-layer handover management framework, the Network Working Group (NWG) of the WiMAX Forum is working on the development of the upper layers. However, the path to commercialization of a full-fledged WiMAX mobility framework is full of research challenges. This article focuses on potential handover-related research issues in the existing and future WiMAX mobility framework. A survey of these issues in the MAC, Network and Cross-Layer scenarios is presented along with discussion of the different solutions to those challenges. A comparative study of the proposed solutions, coupled with some insights to the relevant issues, is also included.
High speed, ultrahigh resolution retinal imaging using spectral/Fourier domain OCT (2005)

High speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT retinal imaging using spectral/Fourier detection enables /spl sim/2 um axial resolutions and /spl sim/24,000 axial scans/second. These high speeds and resolutions achieve dramatic improvements in image quality and enable 3D OCT imaging.
Explicit Occlusion Modeling for 3D Object Class Representations (2013)

Despite the success of current state-of-the-art object class detectors, severe occlusion remains a major challenge. This is particularly true for more geometrically expressive 3D object class representations. While these representations have attracted renewed interest for precise object pose estimation, the focus has mostly been on rather clean datasets, where occlusion is not an issue. In this paper, we tackle the challenge of modeling occlusion in the context of a 3D geometric object class model that is capable of fine-grained, part-level 3D object reconstruction. Following the intuition that 3D modeling should facilitate occlusion reasoning, we design an explicit representation of likely geometric occlusion patterns. Robustness is achieved by pooling image evidence from of a set of fixed part detectors as well as a non-parametric representation of part configurations in the spirit of pose lets. We confirm the potential of our method on cars in a newly collected data set of inner-city street scenes with varying levels of occlusion, and demonstrate superior performance in occlusion estimation and part localization, compared to baselines that are unaware of occlusions.
High Frequency AC Power Distribution Network for Electric Vehicle Auxiliary Electrical System (2020)

The existing high-frequency alternating current (HFAC) network for electric vehicle (EV) application has a significant limitation that the long AC transmission line leads to large distribution and conductor loss, voltage drop, and cable attenuation at a high frequency (HF) operation. In view of this issue, an optimized HFAC power network with DC transmission line for EV auxiliary electrical system is proposed. Due to the length-decreased HF transmission line, the HFAC bus operation frequency can be increased to a higher level to lower the system size. Then, an HF current-fed (CF) push-pull inverter with fourth-order CLCL resonant tank is proposed and investigated for the presented HFAC system. A pure sinusoidal voltage can be achieved through the high-order filter, and constant bus voltage and soft-switching of the switches are also obtained irrespective of the load variation. Finally, a GaN-based inverter prototype was built, and the experimental results are presented to verify the proposed solution
Up‐regulation of metastasis‐promoting S100A4 (Mts‐1) in rheumatoid arthritis: Putative involvement in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (2007)

Overexpression of S100A4 in RA synovial tissue and its release as M-S100A4 can influence p53 function and modulate the expression of several genes that are potentially implicated in the disease process. Thus, S100A4 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA and might represent a new target for the treatment of RA.
Cloud Resource Management for Image and Video Analysis of Big Data from Network Cameras (2015)

With the existence of millions of public network cameras capturing countless events around the world, there is a need for a system to retrieve, save, and analyze the tremendous amount of visual data from the cameras. The knowledge from the data will ultimately help better understand the world. Such a system needs to allocate and manage significant amounts of resources in order to meet the analysis requirements. In order to reduce the overall analysis cost, this paper presents a cloud resource manager that allocates cost-effective cloud instances, monitors and automatically scales the cloud resources. The paper presents a system that uses the proposed resource manager for image and video analysis of the big data from global network cameras. Our experiments show that the resource manager can lead to 13% reduction in cost. The experiments use four analysis programs which represent different workloads in terms of CPU and memory. The experiments show that different cloud instances are more cost-effective for different analysis programs. One experiment analyzes data streams from 1026 cameras simultaneously for six hours using different analysis programs at different frame rates. The experiment analyzes 5.5 million images, totalling 260GB data.
Computers computers everywhere (1981)

"I'm really interested in computers but I don't know anything about them. How can I get started?" How about a trip to the local museum. Kids and grown-ups got to try out many of the latest personal computers at the Palo Alto Jr. Museum in Palo Alto, Ca. Equipment was loaned by local retail computer stores and manufacturers. The exhibit run from the middle of March through the middle of April - nothing crashed, nothing stolen!
Broadly Improving User Classification via Communication-Based Name and Location Clustering on Twitter (2013)

Hidden properties of social media users, such as their ethnicity, gender, and location, are often reflected in their observed attributes, such as their first and last names. Furthermore, users who communicate with each other often have similar hidden properties. We propose an algorithm that exploits these insights to cluster the observed attributes of hundreds of millions of Twitter users. Attributes such as user names are grouped together if users with those names communicate with other similar users. We separately cluster millions of unique first names, last names, and userprovided locations. The efficacy of these clusters is then evaluated on a diverse set of classification tasks that predict hidden users properties such as ethnicity, geographic location, gender, language, and race, using only profile names and locations when appropriate. Our readily-replicable approach and publiclyreleased clusters are shown to be remarkably effective and versatile, substantially outperforming state-of-the-art approaches and human accuracy on each of the tasks studied. 1
A Co-Scheduling System for Fog-node Recommendation and Load Management in Cloud-fog Environment (CoS_FRLM) (2020)

Improvement in Internet of Technology (IoT) has amplified the usage of smart devices like cameras, sensors, drones, vehicles, and etc, by the individuals and domain organizations. The day-to-day data created and usage by these devices also increasing proportionally. The storage-space and processor-speed available at the individual devices is not enough for managing the generated data. Hence, a huge amount of storage space and processing capabilities is required. The remotely available global cloud resources are in use at present for fulfilling these needs. But, cloud resources are not recommended always for execution due to network delay and service cost. With the aim of optimally utilizing the existing IoT devices, it was formed as a logical cluster of devices called fog-nodes and their operations are managed by fog-agents. Instead of immediately forwarding every IoT application requests to the cloud, based on suitability they are accommodated on the IoT devices of the same or different fog-nodes for execution. Finding a suitable fog-node for executing IoT application is a challenging task. In this article, A Co-scheduling system that recommends suitable fog-node for executing IoT application and managing load in the cloud-fog environment (CoS_FRLM) was proposed. The CoS_FRLM calculates Pheramone Indicator (PI) value for each application on each Fog-node and recommends a fog-node having greater PI value for executing the IoT application. Simulation results states that the proposed CoS_FRLM outperforms the existing scheduling and load management methodologies by effective resource utilization, reduced makespan-time and service-costs.
Experimental assessment of wavelength margin in20 Gbit/s WDM soliton system over 18 Mm distance (1996)

The authors show that the operating wavelength range of a 10 Gbit/s single-channel soliton system using sliding-frequency guiding filters over a 18 Mm distance reduces from 1.3 to 0.2 nm when the system is upgraded to 20 Gbit/s with a second wavelength channel. A record WDM propagation distance > 19 Mm is obtained by tuning the channels in the centre of the operating wavelength range. This result is achieved without the use of dispersion management.
Magnetic resonance specific integral equation solver based on precomputed numerical Green functions (2013)

We propose a methodology for the fast analysis of the EM fields generated by the transmit radio-frequency coils when operating in the presence of realistic human body models (RHBM). This work is driven by the need of fast and accurate specific absorption rate (SAR) prediction and coil design analysis in the context of high-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). These RHBM are highly inhomo-geneous voxelized models, whose EM analysis can be expensive. In our approach, the electromagnetic effect of the complex RHBM is captured by a numerically generated Green function (GF). For MRI problems, the electric current sources are generally confined to a very small region where the coils could be located. The RHBM GF is required only for that specific source region and can therefore be effectively pre-computed and stored. These GF can be then assembled and combined with standard surface integral equation based solvers to model the actual coil design, allowing for a fast analysis of the complete problem.
Development and Evaluation of a Self-Instructional Spanish Course (1971)

Abstract : The report describes the development and evaluation of a self-instructional Spanish course that was designed to produce an elementary communication skill, sufficient to enable a visitor in a Spanish-speaking country to cope with routine situations he is likely to encounter. The course consists of 106 lessons in text and on tapes. The tapes are playable on any conventional tape device. The course involves what are believed to be the best features from the fields of modern classroom teaching, tutorial instruction, and programed instruction. A group of nine military personnel with no prior Spanish training completed the course in an average of 73.7 hours. Results were interpreted as establishing the feasibility of building self-instructional foreign language courses which teach a useful, although elementary, communication skill. (Author)
Data base computers (1979)

Publisher Summary The chapter introduces the 90-10 rule that characterizes the problems of contemporary database systems. The chapter presents the direction toward hardware solutions to software database systems problems. The 9-10 rule in the context of a contemporary database system with very large databases is examined. A contemporary database system resides in a general-purpose host computer and consists of four major software components: the application programs, the operating system, the database management software, and on-line I/O routines. One solution is to upgrade the present host computer with a higher performance computer. With faster CPUs, larger memory, greater channel capacity, and additional controllers, the new host computer may overcome the bottlenecks created by the 90-10 rule. The chapter explains that the progress being made on two fronts are advances in technology and advances in research. Databases fall into two broad categories: those with limited formats and those with elaborate formats. The chapter discusses that there are three prevailing database models—that is, hierarchical, CODASYL, and relational that underscore the formats and data sublanguages of the contemporary databases. The chapter concludes that high-performance database computers allow the growth of the existing databases, open up new database management applications, and provide new features such as security and clustering hardware mechanisms that are not presently found in software-based environments.
Human Whole-Body Radiofrequency Absorption Studies Using a TEM-Cell Exposure System (1982)

A system has been constructed for measuring radiofrequency absorption in the human body resulting from exposure to high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic radiation. The exposure chamber is a 6.1 X 7.3 X 13.0-m rectangular-coaxial transverse-electromagnetic (TEM) cell. The absorbed power, determined from signal-averaged measurements of incident, reflected, and transmitted power, is measured to a precision of 0.06 percent of incident power (0.003 dB in insertion loss). A detailed analysis of systematic errors in the method has shown that a directional-coupler directivity approaching 50 dB is necessary for high accuracy in absorbed-power measurements and that any dielectric-loading effect of the subject on the cell absorption is undetectable. The total systematic error in determining absorption rate per unit exposure rate is about +-35 percent of the measurement. Operating frequencies are currently limited to the 3 to 20-MHz range due to the occurrence of the first cell resonance, associated with the TE/sub 01/ mode, at 20.7 MHz. The first set of human whole-body absorption results is presented for three subjects exposed in free space to 11 µW/cm/sup 2/ at 18.5 MHz in six different body orientations with respect to the TEM wave. The measured absorption rates for the two principal E orientations are larger than the published predictions by a factor of 2 to 3.