gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue elastance influences airway smooth muscle shortening: comparison of mechanical properties among different species (2002)

We have observed striking differences in the mechanical properties of airway smooth muscle preparations among different species. In this study, we provide a novel analysis on the influence of tissue elastance on smooth muscle shortening using previously published data from our laboratory. We have found that isolated human airways exhibit substantial passive tension in contrast to airways from the dog and pig, which exhibit little passive tension (<5% of maximal active force versus approximately 60% for human bronchi). In the dog and pig, airway preparations shorten up to 70% from Lmax (the length at which maximal active force occurs), whereas human airways shorten by only approximately 12% from Lmax. Isolated airways from the rabbit exhibit relatively low passive tension (approximately 22% Fmax) and shorten by 60% from Lmax. Morphologic evaluation of airway cross sections revealed that 25-35% of the airway wall is muscle in canine, porcine, and rabbit airways in contrast to approximately 9% in human airway preparations. We postulate that the large passive tension needed to stretch the muscle to Lmax reflects the high connective tissue content surrounding the smooth muscle, which limits shortening during smooth muscle contraction by imposing an elastic load, as well as by causing radial constraint.
A Pyrolytic, Carbon‐Stabilized, Nanoporous Pd Film for Wide‐Range H<sub>2</sub> Sensing (2007)

High-performance H2 sensors are becoming increasingly important in detecting and monitoring H2. By using pyrolytic carbon as a transition layer between a Pd film and an anodic aluminum oxide substrate, a nanoporous Pd film sensor is fabricated (see figure) that has a remarkable sensing performance with the ability to detect both dilute and high concentrations of H2 gas quickly and at room temperature.
Molecular Characterization of the S-Layer Gene,<i>sbpA</i>, of<i>Bacillus sphaericus</i>CCM 2177 and Production of a Functional S-Layer Fusion Protein with the Ability To Recrystallize in a Defined Orientation while Presenting the Fused Allergen (2002)

The nucleotide sequence encoding the crystalline bacterial cell surface (S-layer) protein SbpA of Bacillus sphaericus CCM 2177 was determined by a PCR-based technique using four overlapping fragments. The entire sbpA sequence indicated one open reading frame of 3,804 bp encoding a protein of 1,268 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 132,062 Da and a calculated isoelectric point of 4.69. The N-terminal part of SbpA, which is involved in anchoring the S-layer subunits via a distinct type of secondary cell wall polymer to the rigid cell wall layer, comprises three S-layer-homologous motifs. For screening of amino acid positions located on the outer surface of the square S-layer lattice, the sequence encoding Strep-tag I, showing affinity to streptavidin, was linked to the 5' end of the sequence encoding the recombinant S-layer protein (rSbpA) or a C-terminally truncated form (rSbpA(31-1068)). The deletion of 200 C-terminal amino acids did not interfere with the self-assembly properties of the S-layer protein but significantly increased the accessibility of Strep-tag I. Thus, the sequence encoding the major birch pollen allergen (Bet v1) was fused via a short linker to the sequence encoding the C-terminally truncated form rSpbA(31-1068). Labeling of the square S-layer lattice formed by recrystallization of rSbpA(31-1068)/Bet v1 on peptidoglycan-containing sacculi with a Bet v1-specific monoclonal mouse antibody demonstrated the functionality of the fused protein sequence and its location on the outer surface of the S-layer lattice. The specific interactions between the N-terminal part of SbpA and the secondary cell wall polymer will be exploited for an oriented binding of the S-layer fusion protein on solid supports to generate regularly structured functional protein lattices.
CYCLO‐OXYGENASE‐2 INHIBITION ATTENUATES THE PROGRESSION OF NEPHROPATHY IN UNINEPHRECTOMIZED DIABETIC RATS (2006)

1. Cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 is involved in constitutive production of prostanoids in the kidney and plays a role in the control of renal function and morphology. Renal cortical COX-2 expression and function is increased in experimental models of diabetes (DM). However, pathophysiological roles of this phenomenon in the diabetic kidney have not been fully elucidated. To address this issue, we studied the nephroprotective potential of long-term (16 weeks) COX-2 inhibition in uninephrectomized streptozotocin-diabetic rats (D). 2. Diabetic rats received either a low or high dose of the selective COX-2 inhibitor MF-tricyclic (MF; 1 or 5 mg/kg per day in chow). Another group of D rats received high-dose MF as late intervention starting at 8 weeks of DM (D-MFlate). The effects of treatments were compared with age-matched uninephrectomized diabetic and non-diabetic rats receiving drug-free chow (D-VE and C-VE, respectively). 3. No differences in blood pressure and metabolic control were observed between groups of D rats throughout the study. The D-VE group developed progressive albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, associated with increased excretion of the thromboxane (TX) A(2) metabolite TxB(2). Treatment with MF attenuated albuminuria in diabetic rats with late intervention, but not in D rats treated with MF from the onset of DM. Moreover, D-MFlate rats demonstrated a significant reduction in the development of glomerulosclerosis. These effects coincided with prevention of diabetes-induced rise in urinary TxB(2) excretion. 4. In conclusion, long-term COX-2 inhibition is associated with modest nephroprotection in uninephrectomized diabetic rats when administered as late intervention. These effects are independent of metabolic control and blood pressure.
<i>S</i> -adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is localized at the front of chemotaxing cells, suggesting a role for transmethylation during migration (2006)

Chemotaxis of bacteria requires regulated methylation of chemoreceptors. However, despite considerable effort in the 1980s, transmethylation has never been established as a component of eukaryotic cell chemotaxis. S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the product formed when the methyl group of the universal donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is transferred to an acceptor molecule, is a potent inhibitor of all transmethylation reactions. In eukaryotic cells, this inhibition is relieved by hydrolysis of SAH to adenosine and homocysteine catalyzed by SAH hydrolase (SAHH). We now report that SAHH, which is diffuse in the cytoplasm of nonmotile Dictyostelium amoebae and human neutrophils, concentrates with F-actin in pseudopods at the front of motile, chemotaxing cells, but is not present in filopodia or at the very leading edge. Tubercidin, an inhibitor of SAHH, inhibits both chemotaxis and chemotaxis-dependent cell streaming of Dictyostelium, and chemotaxis of neutrophils at concentrations that have little effect on cell viability. Tubercidin does not inhibit starvation-induced expression of the cAMP receptor, cAR1, or G protein-mediated stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity and actin polymerization in Dictyostelium. Tubercidin has no effect on either capping of Con A receptors or phagocytosis in Dictyostelium. These results add SAHH to the list of proteins that redistribute in response to chemotactic signals in Dictyostelium and neutrophils and strongly suggest a role for transmethylation in chemotaxis of eukaryotic cells.
Ibrutinib modulates Aβ/tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and cognitive function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (2021)

We previously demonstrated that ibrutinib modulates LPS-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo, but its effects on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive function have not been investigated. Here, we investigated the effects of ibrutinib in two mouse models of AD. In 5xFAD mice, ibrutinib injection significantly reduced Aβ plaque levels by promoting the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP cleavage, decreased Aβ-induced neuroinflammatory responses, and significantly downregulated phosphorylation of tau by reducing levels of phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (p-CDK5). Importantly, tau-mediated neuroinflammation and tau phosphorylation were also alleviated by ibrutinib injection in PS19 mice. In 5xFAD mice, ibrutinib improved long-term memory and dendritic spine number, whereas in PS19 mice, ibrutinib did not alter short- and long-term memory but promoted dendritic spinogenesis. Interestingly, the induction of dendritic spinogenesis by ibrutinib was dependent on the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Overall, our results suggest that ibrutinib modulates AD-associated pathology and cognitive function and may be a potential therapy for AD.
Alternative Transcription Factor ς <sup>B</sup> Is Involved in Regulation of Biofilm Expression in a <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Mucosal Isolate (2000)

Osmotic stress was found to induce biofilm formation in a Staphylococcus aureus mucosal isolate. Inactivation of a global regulator of the bacterial stress response, the alternative transcription factor sigma(B), resulted in a biofilm-negative phenotype and loss of salt-induced biofilm production. Complementation of the mutant strain with an expression plasmid encoding sigma(B) completely restored the wild-type phenotype. The combined data suggest a critical role of sigma(B) in S. aureus biofilm regulation under environmental stress conditions.
Development of engine control system using real time simulator (2002)

In automotive manufacturing, the use of precise control is increasing to satisfy customers' needs, such as fuel economy and air quality. To provide sufficient utility to customers, engine control systems are becoming complicated. We applied two types of real time simulators to the development of an engine control system. One is the engine and vehicle simulator which receives the actuator signals, calculates the engine operating conditions such as the engine output torque, air fuel ratio, engine speed and vehicle behavior, vehicle speed reaction force and outputs sensor signals. The other is the control logic simulator substituting for a part of the engine control logic on CPUs. An application of fuel injection control system was conducted and the simulators have the potential to efficiently improve the development process of engine control systems.
Supramolecular immobilization of fullerenes on gold surfaces: receptors based on calix[n]arenes, cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) and porphyrins (2006)

To explore their ability to immobilize C 60 non-covalently on gold surfaces, a series of thioctic esters derived from calix[ n ]arene, porphyrin and cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) have been prepared. Well-characterized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of these compounds were used to incorporate [60]fullerene onto gold surfaces. SAMs of CTV derivatives 7 and 8 , calix[8]arene derivative 6 and porphyrin derivatives 9 and 10 are reasonably effective at immobilizing C 60 on the surfaces, while calix[4]arene derivatives 1 – 4 and calix[6]crown-4 derivative 5 are not. However, the latter exhibit interesting metal cation and aromatic amine recognition properties, respectively. .
Novel Hairpin-Shaped Primer Assay To Study the Association of the −44 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism of the<i>DEFB1</i>Gene with Early-Onset Periodontal Disease (2004)

A powerful, cost-effective new method for studying single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is described. This method is based on the use of hairpin-shaped primers (HP), which give a sensitive and specific PCR amplification of each specific allele, without the use of costly fluorophore-labeled probes and any post-PCR manipulation. The amplification is monitored in real-time using SYBR Green I dye and takes only 2 h to yield results. The HP assay has a simple design and utilizes a conventional real-time PCR apparatus. The -44 C-->G transversion in the DEFB1 gene (which encodes human beta-defensin 1) has been previously associated with Candida carriage in oral epithelia. In this study, we analyzed the association between early-onset periodontal disease (EOP) and the -44 SNP. We used an HP assay to study the distribution of the -44 SNP in 264 human DNAs obtained from two cohorts of EOP patients and healthy controls from different ethnic backgrounds. The results indicate that the -44 SNP has a similar distribution between EOP and healthy patients, suggesting that it is not associated with the disease.
Latent Membrane Protein 1 as a molecular adjuvant for single-cycle lentiviral vaccines (2011)

Overall, single-cycle SIV expressing LMP1 and LMP1-CD40 produced a broad and potent T(H)1-biased immune response in human as well as rhesus macaque macrophages and DC when compared with control virus. Single-cycle SIV-LMP1 also enhanced antigen presentation by lentiviral vector vaccines, suggesting that LMP1-mediated immune activation may enhance lentiviral vector vaccines against HIV-1.
Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant <EMPH TYPE="ITAL">Staphylococcus aureus</EMPH> in a Rural American Indian Community (2001)

Community-acquired MRSA may have replaced community-acquired MSSA as the dominant strain in this community. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and PFGE subtyping support the finding that MRSA is circulating beyond nosocomial settings in this and possibly other rural US communities.
Surface Structure of Zeolite (MFI) Crystals (2004)

Silicalite-1 (structure type MFI) is an important zeolite that, in addition to conventional applications such as adsorption and catalysis and emerging applications such as thin films and membranes, is often used as a model system in studies of zeolite crystal growth. The surface structure of silicalite-1 crystals with two different morphologies (hexagonal prismatic and leaf-shaped platelike crystals), synthesized in the presence of two different structure-directing agents (SDAs) (tetrapropylammonium (TPA) cation and the trimer of TPA, respectively), is elucidated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The differences and similarities in crystal shape and external surface termination are interpreted based on SDA fitting in the crystal structure and adsorption kinetics of the SDAs on the external surfaces of the growing crystals.
Permanent Downhole Sensors in Today’s Petroleum Industy (2004)

This report is a literature survey on permanent downhole sensors in the Petroleum Industry. It takes a comprehensive look at the various kinds of sensors used for acquisition of downhole data. Based on this study, it becomes obvious that a great deal of research still needs to be done in the area of sensor technology for oilfield applications. The sensors available today do not adequately meet the demands of the oil industry and the new generations of sensors are not much better than past generations in terms of accuracy. Both the fiber optic sensor and the electronic gauge exhibit accuracies of about 0.001 psi. The average life of an electronic quartz gauge is five years. It is still too early to determine the average life of the fiber optic sensor but the problem of drifting in fiber optic sensors raises doubts on their reliability. The increasing need for real-time downhole data related to modern production practices has resulted in the growing utilization of permanent well monitoring systems for both offshore and land-based applications. Development of these technologies has furthered the ability of production and reservoir engineers to make more pro-active decisions. This report takes a look at the various principles and designs behind three different families of permanent sensors, namely: electronic gauges, fiber optic sensors and the sensors from tool technology. The latter refers to sensors that appear to be permanent downhole versions of logging tools such as permanent electrode arrays and acoustic sensors. A closer look at how these sensors work and are used to acquire real-time data is undertaken in the form of case studies. Each case study gives insight to how the sensors were able to acquire data that would have either been much more expensive or impossible than other conventional forms of data acquisition such as wireline gauges. Permanent downhole sensors in many of the case studies proved to be a cheaper and quicker alternative to acquire the data. The report also establishes that permanent sensors could sometimes be the only form of data acquisition available because of wellbore inclination, size, or location. Whatever the reason, permanent sensors provide reliable and accurate data in spite of non-ideal wellbore conditions. Problems with downhole sensors are also addressed in this report. These include: (a) Study of failures in downhole permanent gauges from the Villa Fortuna Field in Italy, (b) problem of drifting in fiber optic cables, and (c) the biggest issue regarding failure in electronic gauges. From field-studies, it has been observed that such gauges are not properly designed for downhole applications. Presence of downhole electronics is responsible for only about 20% of failures while problems with cables accounted for more than 40% of the failures. On the other hand, regarding the fiber-optic cable, effective coating techniques are required to prevent drifting and to improve the accuracy of the fiber. The cause of drift in fiber-optic cables is explained while types of coating available in the industry today are also mentioned in the report.
Textural and Sensory Properties of Herring (<i>Clupea harengus</i>) Cubes in Chinese-Type Paste as Affected by Prefrying Methods (2013)

The aim of this study was to determine the textural and sensory properties of herring (Clupea harengus) cubes prefried by deep frying (DF), mild frying (MF), and vacuum frying (VF) in Chinese-type pastes stored for 25 days at 13–15°C. Three groups of fish cubes in every Chinese-type paste were compared for texture, physical, and sensory properties by carrying out texture profile analysis (TPA), moisture content, color, and sensory analyses; and two types of Chinese-type pastes were investigated, oily Paste (A) and light Paste (B). The results showed that L* of fish cubes decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and a* and b* increased significantly (p < 0.05) in two kinds of Chinese-type pastes. Fish cubes prefried by DF and MF had higher sensory scores in Chinese-type Paste A, while those prefried by DF and VF had higher sensory scores in Chinese-type Paste B.
Guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Escherichia coli. Specificity and properties (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGuanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Escherichia coli. Specificity and propertiesRichard L. Miller, Gwendolyn A. Ramsey, Thomas A. Krenitsky, and Gertrude B. ElionCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 25, 4723–4731Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00775a014https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00775a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Graft of cryopreserved human amniotic epithelial cells in a subject with type B Niemann-Pick disease]. (1987)

Implantation of pure cryopreserved epithelial cells obtained by enzymatic digestion of human amnion was successfully carried out in one patient affected by Niemann-Pick disease type B. No host-versus-graft reaction was recorded after implantation. The clinical improvement observed in this patient is supposed to be effect of the documented increase of sphingomyelinase activity in his leukocytes after implantation, confirming the possibility that an effective release of sphingomyelinase from amniotic epithelial cells and enzyme uptake by deficient cells can occur. Separation and cryopreservation of human amnion epithelial cells markedly improve the procedures of implantation and may represent a further step beyond in the enzymatic therapy of many lysosomal storage disorders.
SOME EXPERIMENTS WITH ZIRCON AND ZIRCONIA REFRACTORIES* (1933)

ABSTRACT This is a record of the results of five years' research on refractory uses for a chemically purified grade of zircon and electrically fused zirconia of high purity. The products investigated included semi‐permanent foundry molds, refractory brick and cements, ladle nozzles, and crucibles. Electric firing and a small oil‐fired tunnel kiln are described. Sintered zircon grog was found superior to electrically fused grog. Zircon brick made with 50% grog, using 20% milled zircon for the permanent bond and fired at 1600OC for an hour, showed no firing shrinkage, very slight volume change, and high compressive strength at 1600°C. They were extremely resistant to spalling but did not resist basic slags or metallic oxides very well at high temperature. Zircon‐bonded magnesite brick were more refractory than ordinary magnesite, more resistant to spalling, and had about the same slag resistance as magnesite. Zirconia was more refractory than zircon and had better slag resistance. Lime‐bonded zirconia crucibles of good spalling resistance were made, but the cost was higher than that of zircon.
New Design Techniques for Microstrip Antenna Arrays (1975)

The radiation resistance of an open-circuit microstrip termination is to a good approximation, a simple function of the strip width thus suggesting a straightforward yet effective means of element control when used in a large array; furthermore the array bandwidth can be controlled to some extent. The design of linear and two dimensional resonant arrays based on this design procedure is formulated and examples at X and J band are outlined; the beamwidths and sidelobe levels are of the order ± 4.5° and -16dB respectively. The extension of the new technique to travelling wave arrays, circular polarisation and various substrates is under investigation and will be mentioned; computational aspects throughout will be discussed.
Projected supportive effects of PycnogenolⓇ in patients suffering from multi-dimensional health impairments after a SARS-CoV2 infection (2020)

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is triggered by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and has rapidly developed into a worldwide pandemic. Unlike other SARS viruses, SARS-CoV2 does not solely impact the respiratory system, but additionally leads to inflammation of endothelial cells, microvascular injuries and coagulopathies, thereby affecting multiple organs. Recent reports of patients who were infected with SARS-CoV2 suggest persistent health problems even months after the initial infection. The French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol<sup>Ⓡ</sup> has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, vascular and endothelium-protective effects in over 90 human clinical studies. It is proposed that Pycnogenol<sup>Ⓡ</sup> may be beneficial in supporting recovery and mitigating symptoms and long-term consequences resulting from a SARS-CoV2 infection in COVID-19 patients.