gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generative Adversarial Network based Speaker Adaptation for High Fidelity WaveNet Vocoder (2018)

Although state-of-the-art parallel WaveNet has addressed the issue of real-time waveform generation, there remains problems. Firstly, due to the noisy input signal of the model, there is still a gap between the quality of generated and natural waveforms. Secondly, a parallel WaveNet is trained under a distillation framework, which makes it tedious to adapt a well trained model to a new speaker. To address these two problems, in this paper we propose an end-to-end adaptation method based on the generative adversarial network (GAN), which can reduce the computational cost for the training of new speaker adaptation. Our subjective experiments shows that the proposed training method can further reduce the quality gap between generated and natural waveforms.
Analysis of SEM Images of Stomata of Different Tomato Cultivars Based on Morphological Features (2008)

Tomato is one of the important cash crops in the world. There are several varieties of tomato cultivars. Their identifications as well as taxonomy had been studied in the literature using different laboratory methods. Both morphological and/or genetical characteristics were considered in these available studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, there does not exist any study employing an image analysis based approach. Also, morphological features of stomata of tomato cultivars had not been studied before for the present purpose. In this article, we report results of our recent study of morphological features of stomata of different tomato cultivars based on their scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Interestingly, these results of the present study are supported by the protein binding pattern of the seeds of respective cultivars.
Role of the Wnt signaling pathway in bone and tooth (2010)

Signaling by the Wnt plays a central role in many processes during embryonic development and adult homeostasis. At least 19 types of Wnts, several families of secreted antagonists and multiple receptors have been identified. Two distinct Wnt signaling pathways, the canonical pathway and the noncanonical pathway have been described. Functional studies and experimental analysis of relevant animal models confirmed the effects of Wnt on regulation of developing mineralized tissue formation and adult homeostasis. In osteoblasts, the canonical Wnt pathway modulates differentiation, proliferation and mineralization, while it blocks apoptosis and osteoclastogenesis by increasing osteoprotegerin. Functional crosstalk between Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein signaling during osteoblastic differentiation has been reported. Recently, non-canonical Wnt signaling was shown to play a role in bone formation. The Wnt signaling pathway also plays an important role not only in tooth formation but also in differentiation and proliferation of cementoblasts and odontoblasts in the tooth. This present review provides an overview of progress in elucidating the role of Wnt signaling pathways in bone and tooth and the resulting possibilities for therapeutic potential.
Anaerobic Growth of <i>Paracoccus denitrificans</i> Requires Cobalamin: Characterization of <i>cobK</i> and <i>cobJ</i> Genes (1999)

A pleiotropic mutant of Paracoccus denitrificans, which has a severe defect that affects its anaerobic growth when either nitrate, nitrite, or nitrous oxide is used as the terminal electron acceptor and which is also unable to use ethanolamine as a carbon and energy source for aerobic growth, was isolated. This phenotype of the mutant is expressed only during growth on minimal media and can be reversed by addition of cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) or cobinamide to the media or by growth on rich media. Sequence analysis revealed the mutation causing this phenotype to be in a gene homologous to cobK of Pseudomonas denitrificans, which encodes precorrin-6x reductase of the cobalamin biosynthesis pathway. Convergently transcribed with cobK is a gene homologous to cobJ of Pseudomonas denitrificans, which encodes precorrin-3b methyltransferase. The inability of the cobalamin auxotroph to grow aerobically on ethanolamine implies that wild-type P. denitrificans (which can grow on ethanolamine) expresses a cobalamin-dependent ethanolamine ammonia lyase and that this organism synthesizes cobalamin under both aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions. Comparison of the cobK and cobJ genes with their orthologues suggests that P. denitrificans uses the aerobic pathway for cobalamin synthesis. It is paradoxical that under anaerobic growth conditions, P. denitrificans appears to use the aerobic (oxygen-requiring) pathway for cobalamin synthesis. Anaerobic growth of the cobalamin auxotroph could be restored by the addition of deoxyribonucleosides to minimal media. These observations provide evidence that P. denitrificans expresses a cobalamin-dependent ribonucleotide reductase, which is essential for growth only under anaerobic conditions.
The limits of ultrahigh-resolution x-ray mapping: estimating uncertainties in thin-film and interface structures determined by phase retrieval methods (2012)

Abstract Capturing subtle details at the sub-Angstrom level is key to understanding the structural basis of many intriguing interfacial phenomena in epitaxial thin films and nanostructures. X-ray phase retrieval methods are ideally suited to this task but the usual approaches for determination of uncertainties, based on refining a parametrized model, are not applicable in this case. Here we describe a method to estimate the uncertainties of the system electron density, obtained by phase retrieval, and of parameters of interest obtained from it. The method is based on the bootstrap approach and it can be generally applied to surface x-ray scattering data. Several examples are given which illustrate the method's utility in determining uncertainties arising from random and systematic errors. The approach also provides a quantitative measure of the validity of structural solutions obtained by phase retrieval methods.
Mixing Apples and Oranges: Sociological Issues in the Process of an Academic Manager (1998)

This paper describes and analyzes key sociological issues that arise during the merger of a campus with a college within a large university. The issues arising in this case study are analyzed within the framework of a model for reframing organizations. The skills that a clinical sociologist can bring to a merger situation to help minimize delay and failure are discussed
An engineering study of the southern California earthquake of July 21, 1952 and its aftershocks (1954)

Research Article| April 01, 1954 An engineering study of the southern California earthquake of July 21, 1952 and its aftershocks Karl V. Steinbrugge; Karl V. Steinbrugge Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Donald F. Moran Donald F. Moran Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Karl V. Steinbrugge Donald F. Moran Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Online Issn: 1943-3573 Print Issn: 0037-1106 Copyright © 1954, by the Seismological Society of America Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1954) 44 (2B): 201–462. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA04402B0201 Article history First Online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Karl V. Steinbrugge, Donald F. Moran; An engineering study of the southern California earthquake of July 21, 1952 and its aftershocks. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 1954;; 44 (2B): 201–462. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA04402B0201 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyBulletin of the Seismological Society of America Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Polarization independent δ-strained InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum well waveguide modulator (2003)

Polarization independent modulators are important devices for optical communication systems operating at 1.55 /spl mu/m. However, conventional unstrained QW modulators, based on the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE), typically exhibit a strong polarization dependence in transmission due to a strong polarization dependence of the absorption near the band edge. We have demonstrated a /spl delta/-strained InGaAs/InGaAsP MQW polarization independent waveguide modulator. It exhibits excellent polarization insensitivity, high extinction ratio, high speed response and low driving voltage. It shows that the /spl delta/-strained MQW modulator is a promising device for telecommunication applications.
A novel mechanism of protein thermostability: a unique N-terminal domain confers heat resistance to Fe/Mn-SODs (2014)

Superoxide dismutases (SODs), especially thermostable SODs, are widely applied in medical treatments, cosmetics, food, agriculture, and other industries given their excellent antioxidant properties. A novel thermostable cambialistic SOD from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2 exhibits maximum activity at 70 °C and high thermostability over a broad range of temperatures (20-80 °C). Unlike other reported SODs, this enzyme contains an extra repeat-containing N-terminal domain (NTD) of 244 residues adjacent to the conserved functional SODA domain. Deletion of the NTD dramatically decreased its optimum active temperature (OAT) to 30 °C and also impaired its thermostability. Conversely, appending the NTD to a mesophilic counterpart from Bacillus subtilis led to a moderately thermophilic enzyme (OAT changed from 30 to 55 °C) with improved heat resistance. Temperature-dependant circular dichroism analysis revealed the enhanced conformational stability of SODs fused with this NTD. Furthermore, the NTD also contributes to the stress resistance of host proteins without altering their metal ion specificity or oligomerisation form except for a slight effect on their pH profile. We therefore demonstrate that the NTD confers outstanding thermostability to the host protein. To our knowledge, this is the first discovery of a peptide capable of remarkably improving protein thermostability and provides a novel strategy for bioengineering thermostable SODs.
Time-resolved reflectivity techniques for dynamic studies of electron beam recrystallization of silicon-on-insulator films (1988)

A time-resolved reflectivity (TRR) technique has been developed for dynamic studies of swept beam heating of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) materials. The method exploits the temperature dependence of the reflectivity of SOI films to allow noncontact temperature measurement with high spatial and temporal resolution. This technique is of considerable practical importance for beam processing, since it allows the temperature distribution induced by a beam being scanned across a specimen to be determined. The temperature distribution produced by a line electron beam swept across a SOI specimen was experimentally measured and found to be consistent with a theoretical prediction. The TRR technique can also be used to study melting and will prove useful for characterizing zone melting recrystallization, where thermal modeling is often inadequate for the complex structures involved.
Role of Interleukin- (IL-) 17 in the Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapies in Spondyloarthropathies (2018)

Spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is a unique type of joint inflammation characterized by coexisting erosive bone damage and pathological new bone formation. Previous genetic association studies have demonstrated that several cytokine pathways play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and other types of SpA. In addition to several well-known proinflammatory cytokines, recent studies suggest that IL-17 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of SpA. Further evidence from human and animal studies have defined that IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells contribute to tissue inflammation, autoimmunity, and host defense, leading to the following pathologic events associated with SpA. Recently, several clinical trials targeting IL-17 pathways demonstrated the positive response of IL-17 blockade in treating AS, indicating a great potential of IL-17-targeting therapy in SpA. In this review article, we have discussed the contributing role of IL-17 and different IL-17-producing cells in the pathogenesis of SpA and provided an outline of therapeutic application of the IL-17 blockade in the treatment of SpA. Other targeted cytokines associated with IL-17 axis in SpA will also be included.
Novel therapeutic approaches to post-infarction remodelling (2012)

Adverse cardiac remodelling is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following acute myocardial infarction (MI). Mechanical and neurohumoral factors involved in structural and molecular post-infarction remodelling were important targets in research and treatment for years. More recently, therapeutic strategies that address myocardial regeneration and pathophysiological mechanisms of infarct wound healing appear to be useful novel tools to prevent progressive ventricular dilation, functional deterioration, life-threatening arrhythmia, and heart failure. This review provides an overview of future and emerging therapies for cardiac wound healing and remodelling after MI.
Thermal-Aware Task Allocation and Scheduling for Embedded Systems (2005)

Temperature affects not only the reliability but also the performance, power, and cost of the embedded system. This paper proposes a thermal-aware task allocation and scheduling algorithm for embedded systems. The algorithm is used as a subroutine for hardware/software co-synthesis to reduce the peak temperature and achieve a thermally even distribution while meeting real time constraints. The paper investigates both power-aware and thermal-aware approaches to task allocation and scheduling. The experimental results show that the thermal-aware approach outperforms the power-aware schemes in terms of maximal and average temperature reductions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first task allocation and scheduling algorithm that takes temperature into consideration.
Electrostatic Particle Size Analyzer (1956)

This paper comprises the theoretical analysis and physical description of an Electrostatic Particle Size Analyzer (EPSA) for determining the particle size distribution of aerosols in the 1- to 20-micron size range. Included are photographs and histograms illustrating the size separation attained and also a histogram of the particle size distribution in the general aerosol as determined by use of the instrument.
An Examination of the Chemical Staining of Silicon (1978)

Large‐scale chemical lapping of diamond‐sawed silicon wafers to remove residual mechanical damage results in the formation of wafer stains. Highly doped p‐type substrates are particularly susceptible and have been a primary cause of low wafer yields during production. This paper describes an investigation into the cause of silicon staining and a practical solution to the problem. On the premise that the stain is a suboxide of silicon, various nitric‐hydrofluoric acid mixtures, as well as mixtures of hydrofluoric acid with oxidizing agents such as Cr+6, Fe+3, Cu+2, and I0 were used to synthesize silicon stains. Ion‐scattering spectroscopy (ISS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses established that all of the stains were suboxides of silicon . Their origin is the incomplete oxidation of silicon, which is determined by the nature of the oxidant and its concentration. Although it is not practical to prevent silicon stains from forming, they can readily be removed by a 15 sec immersion in a 2:1 volume ratio of hydrofluoric acid: 0.038M potassium permanganate solution.
Real time cryptography with dual key encryption (2008)

This paper presents a method of encryption that enhances the security of vital data against brute force attack. The method is based on dual key encryption in which two different keys encrypt the data simultaneously, one being the regular key and the other being the time of key entry. The encryption process uses conventional encryption methods with some modifications to increase the security but the decryption process is accomplished by checking both the validity of the key and the relative times the keys are entered into the system. This overcomes the fact that the brute force attack fully depends on the speed of the system used for cryptanalysis as the time interval between two successive key entries also consumes time. Also this paper proposes schemes for dynamically selecting the number of rounds each data set has to get encrypted and this increases the complexity of the cryptanalysis. The system requires the decryption has to be done on a single system and decryption via network requires some significant effort. The implementation is done in 'C' language and cryptanalysis is performed to check the level of protection.
Characterization of the hard anodizing layers formed on 2014-T3 Al alloy, in sulphuric acid electrolyte containing sodium lignin sulphonate (2017)

The properties of hard anodizing layers formed on 2014 Al alloy in sulphuric acid electrolyte containing sodium lignin sulphonate were investigated. The corrosion behavior of 2014 Al alloy has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization technique. Anodic layers morphology and composition were examined by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersion X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the corrosion resistance has been enhanced after hard anodizing of 2014 Al alloy. Addition of lignin sulphonate to the sulphuric acid electrolyte significantly improved the corrosion resistance of the anodized 2014 aluminum alloy by adsorption on copper-intermetallic phases. Adsorption of sodium lignin sulphonate on oxide surface has been confirmed by SEM, EDX, and FTIR. Phenolic and carboxylic groups in sodium lignin sulphonate are functional groups, which are responsible of complex formation on oxide surface. The morphology of the hard anodizing layer is non-homogenous due to the high copper content of 2014 Al alloy. Addition of sodium lignin sulphonate resulted in the formation of anodic layers with more homogeneity and fewer cracks.
High‐Rate Designs for MIMO Systems (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Sets of Frobenius Orthogonal Unitary Matrices Optimizing Rate 2 MIMO-modulation for Nt = T = 2 Four Transmit Antennas, Rate 2 Four Transmit Antennas, Rate 3 Four Transmit Antennas, Rate 4 The Information Provided by the Schemes Summary
New method for precise characterisation of multimode optical fibres (1982)

It is shown experimentally that short samples (about 1 m) of multimode optical fibres can be characterised by measuring the times of flight of tubular modes. There is fair agreement between measured and calculated values.
Absorbance and redox based approaches for measuring free heme and free hemoglobin in biological matrices (2016)

Cell-free heme (CFH) and hemoglobin (Hb) have emerged as distinct mediators of acute injury characterized by inflammation and microcirculatory dysfunction in hemolytic conditions and critical illness. Several reports have shown changes in Hb and CFH in specific pathophysiological settings. Using PBS, plasma from patients with sickle cell disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients and supernatants from red cells units, we found that commonly used assays and commercially available kits do not distinguish between CFH and Hb. Furthermore, they suffer from a variety of false-positive interferences and limitations (including from bilirubin) that lead to either over- or underestimation of CFH and/or Hb. Moreover, commonly used protocols to separate CFH and Hb based on molecular weight (MWt) are inefficient due to CFH hydrophobicity. In this study, we developed and validated a new approach based on absorbance spectrum deconvolution with least square fitting analyses that overcomes these limitations and simultaneously measures CFH and Hb in simple aqueous buffers, plasma or when associated with red cell derived microvesicles. We show how incorporating other plasma factors that absorb light over the visible wavelength range (specifically bilirubin), coupled with truncating the wavelength range analyzed, or addition of mild detergent significantly improves fits allowing measurement of oxyHb, CFH and metHb with >90% accuracy. When this approach was applied to samples from SCD patients, we observed that CFH levels are higher than previously reported and of similar magnitude to Hb.
Association Between Severe Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Cerebrovascular Lesions in Alzheimer Disease Is Not a Spurious One Attributable to Apolipoprotein E4 (2000)

Severe CAA confers a greater risk of VLs in AD, even within strata of APOE genotype. Therefore, the association between severe CAA and VLs in AD is not a spurious one owing to APOE4. Overall, our cases of AD with APOE4 do not seem to be a more "vasculopathic" subtype of AD. The mechanisms by which CAA produces VLs of various types need to be further elucidated, as these are probably important in producing the common entity of "mixed" AD/vascular dementia. Arch Neurol. 2000.
Corte Americana establece el acceso de los sindicatos y rechaza la posición de las corporaciones (2017)

On 26 February 2016, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights issued a decision recognizing the special status of trade unions and the importance of workers´ collective rights in the American in Advisory Opinion OC-22. The case was initiated by the Republic of Panama, which requested an advisory opinion pursuant to Article 64 of the American Convention on Human Rights on the interpretation and scope of Article 1 (2) in relation to several other articles in the Convention. Article 1 of the Convention refers to the rights and freedoms of “persona”. Article 1 (2) clarifies that “for the purposes of this Convention, ʻpersonʼ means every human being.” The heart of the inquiry was whether nonhuman or legal entitles, including trade unions and corporations, meet the definition of person as referenced in Article 1 (2) and whether they have standing before the Court on their own behalf or on behalf of members or natural persons. The Court ruled that trade unions have standing on their own behalf but with the limitations based on the specific language of the Protocol of San Salvador, and that corporations do not have direct access to their Inter-American system.
[The diagnostic value of M-mode, 2D, and Doppler echocardiography in incomplete endocardial cushion defect]. (1989)

The diagnostic value of ultrasonography in cases with incomplete endocardial cushion defect which has been verified by subsequent operation was studied. By the M-mode ultrasound examination an enlarged right ventricle, a narrowed outflow tract of left ventricular and an abnormal pattern of mitral value were shown. By the aid of 2-DE its diagnostic accuracy in this disease was almost 100%. Characteristically the ostium primum (atrial septal) defect and anterior mitral cleft were demonstrated. And by pulsed Doppler the signs of mitral regurgitation and the spectral features of atrial shunt could be found. Therefore, it is proposed that ultrasonographic examination could readily take the place of traumatic angiocardiography in the diagnosis of this disease.