gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Fine Structure of Callus Cells in Panax ginseng (1978)

A comparative investigation of fine structure of callus cells derived from tissue culture of Panax ginseng was made by electron microscope. Callus was consisted of large superficial cells and small inner zone cells derived from shoot apex tissue cultured for 16 weeks. Large superficial cells were contained the clusters of starch grains surrounded by a double plastid membrane. Especially, electron dense particles were deposited just inside and outside of plastid membrane and also deposited on mitochondria-like and endoplasmic reticulum-like structures. Crystalline body was also found in superficial cells. Small inner zone cells were characterized by presence of proplastids sheathed by short endoplasmic reticulum profiles. presence of spiral configuration of ribosomes and absence of crystalline body. Organ primordia was consisted of a dense cytoplasm and notable nucleate cells derived from nodal tissue cultured for 67 weeks. Proplastids containing starch grains and crystalline bodies were frequently observed; starch grains are of small quantity and does not form the clusters as in inner zone cells; hexagonal crystalline body itself does not have always limiting membrane. Remarkably. in a few cells of primordia, particles resembling the presumptive virus were observed mainly in condensed nuclear chromatin and also in cytoplasm, in mitochondrion-like organelle.
A 3V 10.7Gb/s differential laser diode driver with active back-termination output stage (2005)

A 3 V 10.7 Gb/s differential laser diode driver fabricated on a 0.35 /spl mu/m SiGe bipolar process is presented. A feedback-amplifier output stage provides both differential and common-mode active back termination of the output transmission lines with 80 mA maximum modulation current. Rise and fall times of 28 ps are achieved, and typical power dissipation is 0.67 W for I/sub mod/=40 mA.
Simple single-coil double resonance NMR probe for solid state studies (1977)

A single-coil (solenoid), nuclear magnetic double resonance sample probe, suited for a wide variety of solid state studies, is described. It was designed to be used in double resonance experiments where it is necessary to generate intense rf magnetic fields (rotating components with amplitudes ∼50 G) at two widely spaced frequencies and simultaneously to detect microvolt-level signals. Designs for operation over the 12–270 MHz frequency range are discussed.
Joint Intelligence Ranking by Federated Multiplicative Update (2020)

The joint intelligence ranking of intelligent systems like autonomous driving is of great importance for building a more general, extensive, and universally accepted intelligence evaluation scheme. However, due to issues such as privacy security and industry or area competition, the integration of isolated test results may face large unimaginable difficulty in information security and encrypted model training. To address this, we derive the federated multiplicative update (FMU) algorithm with boundary constraints to solve the nonnegative matrix factorization based joint intelligence ranking. The encrypted learning process is developed to alternate original computation steps in multiplicative update algorithms. Owning feasible property for the fast convergence and secure exchange of variables, the proposed framework outperforms the previous work on both real and simulated data. Further experimental analysis reveals that the introduced federated mechanism does not harm the overall time efficiency.
A flexible classification scheme for metadata resources (2002)

We introduce a flexible mechanism to classify metadata resources using their elements and\n\n\n\nattributes. The metadata resources are represented in XML and we assume that they\n\n\n\nhave been created based on some resource\n\n\n\nschemas. The concept of a classification schema\n\n\n\nis proposed to construct a taxonomy with\n\n\n\nmetadata resources classified into different\n\n\n\ncategories using classification rules. To define\n\n\n\nthese classification schemas, a classification\n\n\n\nlanguage has been developed. Using this language, we are able to define different\n\n\n\nclassification schemas and thus construct\n\n\n\ndifferent taxonomies for the same metadata\n\n\n\nresource collection. In this paper, we will\n\n\n\ndescribe the important features of this\n\n\n\nclassification language, illustrating it with\n\n\n\ndifferent examples.
The Development and Cross-Validation of a Self-Report Inventory to Assess Pure-Tone Threshold Hearing Sensitivity (1992)

Previous attempts to assess hearing loss by means of self-report survey items have shown only low to moderate correlations with actual audiometric measures, probably because these attempts used items with high face validity rather than laboratory-tested validity. Beginning with a pool of 108 items used with 384 individuals, we developed a self-report inventory (see Appendix) suitable for group testing or survey administration, which appears to have high correlation with pure-tone hearing thresholds. The inventory was then cross-validated against laboratory audiometric measures in a separate sample of 422 subjects. The resulting 12-item Hearing Screening Inventory (HSI) was shown to be reliable with an internal consistency coefficient (alpha) of 0.89 and test-retest stability coefficient of 0.88. The correlation between pure-tone hearing thresholds in the better ear and the HSI scores for the combined samples was r = 0.81. The correct classification rate for the HSI was 92.1% for a low fence of 25-dB hearing level and 93.4% for a high fence of 55-dB hearing level. A conversion equation with estimated variability is also provided for point estimates of pure-tone hearing thresholds from the HSI scores. A copy of the inventory and scoring procedure is appended to this report.
A Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Rice Blast Resistance Genes and Quantitative Trait Loci Provides New Insights into Partial and Complete Resistance (2008)

The completion of the genome sequences of both rice and Magnaporthe oryzae has strengthened the position of rice blast disease as a model to study plant-pathogen interactions in monocotyledons. Genetic studies of blast resistance in rice were established in Japan as early as 1917. Despite such long-term study, examples of cultivars with durable resistance are rare, partly due to our limited knowledge of resistance mechanisms. A rising number of blast resistance genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been genetically described, and some have been characterized during the last 20 years. Using the rice genome sequence, can we now go a step further toward a better understanding of the genetics of blast resistance by combining all these results? Is such knowledge appropriate and sufficient to improve breeding for durable resistance? A review of bibliographic references identified 85 blast resistance genes and approximately 350 QTL, which we mapped on the rice genome. These data provide a useful update on blast resistance genes as well as new insights to help formulate hypotheses about the molecular function of blast QTL, with special emphasis on QTL for partial resistance. All these data are available from the OrygenesDB database.
Selection Mapping of Loci for Quantitative Disease Resistance in a Diverse Maize Population (2008)

The selection response of a complex maize population improved primarily for quantitative disease resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB) and secondarily for common rust resistance and agronomic phenotypes was investigated at the molecular genetic level. A tiered marker analysis with 151 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in 90 individuals of the population indicated that on average six alleles per locus were available for selection. An improved test statistic for selection mapping was developed, in which quantitative trait loci (QTL) are identified through the analysis of allele-frequency shifts at mapped multiallelic loci over generations of selection. After correcting for the multiple tests performed, 25 SSR loci showed evidence of selection. Many of the putatively selected loci were unlinked and dispersed across the genome, which was consistent with the diffuse distribution of previously published QTL for NLB resistance. Compelling evidence for selection was found on maize chromosome 8, where several putatively selected loci colocalized with published NLB QTL and a race-specific resistance gene. Analysis of F2 populations derived from the selection mapping population suggested that multiple linked loci in this chromosomal segment were, in part, responsible for the selection response for quantitative resistance to NLB.
Multilocus Sequence Typing of <i>Candidaglabrata</i> Reveals Geographically EnrichedClades (2003)

The haploid pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata is the second most common Candida species isolated from cases of bloodstream infection. The clinical relevance of C. glabrata is enhanced by its reduced susceptibility to fluconazole. Despite this, little is known of the epidemiology or population structure of this species. We developed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for C. glabrata and used it to fingerprint a geographically diverse collection of 107 clinical isolates and 2 reference strains. Appropriate loci were identified by amplifying and sequencing fragments of the coding regions of 11 C. glabrata genes in 10 unrelated isolates. The 6 most variable loci (FKS, LEU2, NMT1, TRP1, UGP1, and URA3) were sequenced in the collection of 109 isolates. From the 3,345 bp sequenced in each isolate, 81 nucleotide sites were found to be variable. These defined 30 STs among the 109 strains. The technique was validated by comparison with random amplified polymorphic DNA and the complex DNA fingerprinting probes Cg6 and Cg12. MLST identified 5 major clades among the isolates studied. Three of the clades exhibited significant geographical bias. Our data demonstrate for the first time, with such a large geographically diverse strain collection, that distinct genetic clades of C. glabrata prevail in different geographical regions.
Silicon UV-Photodiodes Using Natural Inversion Layers (1978)

The natural inversion layer occuring in thermally-oxidized p-type silicon is employed to make photodiodes. The induced np-junction implies high electric fields at the silicon surface and in the depletion layer, which aid the collection of photogenerated carriers with short penetration depth. Thus, the effect of high surface recombination is counteracted and an efficient photosensitivity is prediced at UV- and blue-wavelengths. Induced junction photodiodes have been fabricated and characterized. The photosensitivity in the 200-500 nm range is comparable or better than what is commercially available in UV-enhanced silicon photodiodes.
Cyclin D2 Is Essential for the Compensatory β-Cell Hyperplastic Response to Insulin Resistance in Rodents (2010)

This study provides direct genetic evidence that cyclin D2 is essential for the expansion of beta-cell mass in response to a spectrum of insulin resistance and points to the cell-cycle protein as a potential therapeutic target that can be harnessed for preventing and curing type 2 diabetes.
Posterior rotator cuff strengthening using theraband(r) in a functional diagonal pattern in collegiate baseball pitchers. (1993)

The deceleration phase of the pitching mechanism requires forceful eccentric contraction of the posterior rotator cuff. Because traditional isotonic strengthening may not be specific to this eccentric pattern, a more effective and functional means of strengthening the posterior rotator cuff is needed. Twelve collegiate baseball pitchers performed a moderate intensity isotonic dumbbell strengthening routine for 6 weeks. Six of the 12 subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental group and placed on a Theraband(R) Elastic Band strengthening routine in a functional-diagonal pattern to emphasize the eccentric contraction of the posterior rotator cuff, in addition to the isotonic routine. The control group (n = 6) performed only the isotonic exercises. Both groups were evaluated on a KIN-COM(R) isokinetic dynamometer in a functional diagonal pattern. Pretest and posttest average eccentric force production of the posterior rotator cuff was compared at two speeds, 60 and 180 degrees /s. Data were analyzed with an analysis of covariance at the .05 level with significance at 60 degrees /s. Values at 180 degrees /s, however, were not significant. Eccentric force production at 60 degrees /s increased more during training in the experimental group (+19.8%) than in the control group (-1.6%). There was no difference in the two groups at 180 degrees /s; both decreased (8 to 15%). Theraband was effective at 60 degrees /s in functional eccentric strengthening of the posterior rotator cuff in the pitching shoulder.
The Proletariat Goes to College (1996)

So we're here in Pittsburgh: Where are the steel workers? Why aren't they here? This question was raised at the 1995 American Studies Association meeting during a special panel titled Does Cultural Studies Ignore Class? The discussion had reverted to the same old left academic angst over whether we are capable of addressing people in the world. Someone suggested that the ASA program committee invite Pittsburgh's steel workers to formally participate in the conference. Next thing you know, scholars in attendance started a litany of testimonials about their own privilege, the need to speak to broader audiences, to participate in the world as public intellectuals, ad infinitum. In the midst of this academic self-loathing, a grad student standing in the back of the room injected a dose of reality by reminding everyone that a real struggle was going on at Yale University to unionize teaching assistants and that, as progressive scholars, we should be doing all we can to support their efforts. In other words, don't mourn, organize. The young woman who spoke from the floor that November morning indirectly brought home another lesson. If you're looking for the American working class, you'll do just as well to look in hospitals and universities as in the sooty industrial suburbs and smokestack districts. And they are more likely to be brown and female than they are to be the good old blue-collar white boys we're so accustomed to seeing in popular culture. The combination of immigration and the transformation of work from manufacturing to service, from decent-paying full-time work to low-wage part-time and temporary work, means that the employed working class is increasingly female and Latino, black, and Asian American, and its main employers are hospitals, universities, food processing plants, food services, and various retail establishments. Sweatshops are making a huge comeback, particularly in the garment industry and in electronics assembling plants, and homework (telephone sales, for example) is growing. Most of us know firsthand that universities (as well as hospitals) make up one of the largest sectors of the service economy. Universities, after all, employ a vast army of clerical workers, food service workers, janitors, and other employees whose job it is to maintain the physical plant, not to mention fulland part-time faculty and researchers. In 1991, for instance, colleges and universities directly employed 2,662,085 workers-a figure
Multi- spectral image resolution refinement using stationary wavelet transform (2004)

Presents a pixel-level fusion method to refine the resolution of a multi-spectral image using a high-resolution panchromatic image. Our approach is an adaptation of the ARSIS method which takes into account the higher-order statistical moments of the wavelet coefficients and allow processing of non-dyadic images.
Cyclic Peptide–Polymer Complexes and Their Self‐Assembly (2009)

The efficient synthesis of novel chiral cyclic peptides cyclo[NHCHX-CH=CHCH(2)CO(NHCH(2)CH=CHCH(2)CO)(2)] designed to develop hydrogen-bonding interactions with suitable polymers is described. Complexation of a carboxylic acid derivatized cyclic peptide 2 (X = CH(2)OCOCH(2)CH(2)CO(2)H) capable of self-assembling as "endless" tubes, with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) led to a vast weak-interaction network, in which the cyclopeptide developed extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions with the hydroxyl groups of PVA through not only the carboxylic acid, but also its ester carbonyl and amide groups. In aqueous solution, the peptide/PVA complexes self-assemble into long-grain ricelike aggregates compatible with the stacking of cyclic peptides through intercycle hydrogen bonds. Upon casting on silicon wafer, the anisotropic aggregates can coalesce to form filaments tens of micrometers long. The study demonstrates that complexing functionalized cyclic peptides with polymers through hydrogen bonding is a useful approach for using polymers to mediate the self-assembly and self-organization of cyclic peptides.
Computationally efficient background subtraction in the light field domain (2014)

In this paperwe present a novel approach for depth estimation and background subtraction in light field images. our approach exploits the regularity and the internal structure of the light field signal in order to extract an initial depth map of the captured scene and uses the extracted depth map as the input to a final segmentation algorithm which finely isolates the background in the image. Background subtraction is natural application of the light field information since it is highly involved with depth information and segmentation. However many of the approaches proposed so far are not optimized specifically for background subtraction and are highly computationally expensive. Here we propose an approach based on a modified version of the well-known Radon Transform and not involving massive matrix calculations. It is therefore computationally very efficient and appropriate for real-time use. Our approach exploits the structured nature of the light field signal and the information inherent in the plenoptic space in order to extract an initial depth map and background model of the captured scene. We apply a modified the Radon transform and the gradient operator to horizontal slices of the light field signal to infer the initial depth map. The initial depth estimated are further refined to a precise background using a series of depth thresholding and segmentation in ambiguous areas. We test on method on various types real and synthetic of light field images. Scenes with different levels of clutter and also various foreground object depth have been considered in the experiments. The results of our experiments show much better computational complexity while retaining comparable performance to similar more complex methods.
Adaptive Virtual Machine Provisioning in Elastic Multi-tier Cloud Platforms (2011)

Virtual machines are allocated on demand in virtualized cloud platforms to provide flexible and reliable services. The major difficulty lies in satisfying the conflicting objectives of reducing response time while lowering resource costs. In this paper, a mathematical multi-tier framework for virtual machine allocation is proposed, which can be used to capture the performance of the cloud platform. We first use simulations to derive virtual resource allocation policies, and later use real benchmarking applications to verify the effectiveness of this framework. Experimental results show that the model can be simply and effectively used to satisfy the response time requirement as well as lowering the cost of using the virtual machine resources.
Video distribution to the home using advance reservation (2002)

Through the Internet and service providers such as cable companies it will be possible to receive a wide range of services such as Internet access, video distribution and television in the home. However, a bottleneck in these systems is the bandwidth available to the home and over the cable tv network. In this paper, the use of advance reservation for non-interactive services is proposed to alleviate the problem of limited bandwidth and allow for more services to a wider range of customers. Simulation is used to study the performance of video distribution with advance reservation compared to on-demand service. It is shown that by merging requests, advance reservation significantly increases the amount of traffic the system can handle while still maintaining low delays. It is also shown that the demand system is more susceptible to load increases than the reservation traffic.
Organic sulfur chemistry. I. The disulfide-phosphine reaction. Desulfurization with tris(diethylamino)phosphine (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic sulfur chemistry. I. The disulfide-phosphine reaction. Desulfurization with tris(diethylamino)phosphineDavid N. Harpp, John G. Gleason, and James P. SnyderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 15, 4181–4182Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01017a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01017a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views933Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of urogastrone on gastric secretion and plasma gastrin levels in normal subjects. (1975)

Purified human urogastrone was given by intravenous infusion to 12 normal volunteer subjects and measurements made of gastric acid, pepsin and intrinsic factor secretion, and of plasma gastrin concentration. Clinical, haematological, and biochemical screening tests were made throughout the period of study. Urogastrone inhibited acid and intrinsic factor secretion whether stimulated by pentagastrin, histamine, or insulin, but had a much less marked effect on gastric pepsin output. Plasma gastrin levels did not alter significantly. Limited dose-response studies showed that 0-25 mug urogastrone kg--1 hr--1 resulted in inhibition of acid output of 80% and was not associated with clinical side-effects. No significant alteration in any of the haematological or biochemical measurements was observed in any of the subjects.
The interacting multiple model algorithm for accurate state estimation of maneuvering targets (2001)

Accurate state estimation of targets with changing dynamics can be achieved through the use of multiple filter models. The interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm provides a structure to efficiently manage multiple filter models. Design of an IMM requires selection of the number and type of filter models and selection of each of the individual filter parameters. In this article the results for five filter models on 10 target trajectory segments are discussed and compared. The complexity of the filter models increases from a single constant velocity model to a three-model IMM filter. The results show that the overall performance of the state estimates, for most targets, improves as the complexity of the filter models increases. Selection of IMM filter parameters is addressed and results are provided to show that performance of the IMM appears to be relatively insensitive to large changes in filter parameters. The performance of an IMM is primarily determined by the selection of the component filter models.