gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paxillin Is Involved in the Differential Regulation of Endothelial Barrier by HGF and VEGF (2008)

Circulating levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are increased during acute lung injury; however, combined effects of HGF and VEGF on pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) permeability remain to be elucidated. We have previously shown differential remodeling of focal adhesions (FA) caused by barrier-protective and barrier-disruptive mechanical and chemical stimuli. This study examined a role of FA protein paxillin in the pulmonary EC barrier responses induced by HGF and VEGF. VEGF increased, but HGF decreased, pulmonary EC permeability. These effects were accompanied by differential patterns of site-specific phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin and FA redistribution. HGF antagonized random FA formation caused by VEGF challenge and promoted FA accumulation at the cell periphery. HGF attenuated VEGF-induced paxillin redistribution, FA remodeling, and endothelial permeability. SiRNA-based paxillin knockdown attenuated VEGF-induced EC permeability, myosin light chain phosphorylation, and stress fiber and paracellular gap formation. Paxillin knockdown also decreased HGF-induced EC barrier enhancement and suppressed activation of Rac and its effector PAK1. Expression of paxillin-S(273) deficient on PAK1 phosphorylation site prevented HGF-induced cytoskeletal remodeling. These data show a dual role of paxillin in the HGF- and VEGF-mediated endothelial barrier regulation and suggest essential paxillin role in the modulation of Rac-Rho crosstalk. Our results also support a model of pulmonary EC barrier recovery during resolution of ALI via switch from VEGF to HGF signaling.
New 500V output device structures for thin silicon layer on silicon dioxide film (2005)

Studies into a 20 w deep trench technique for dielectric isolation and a high voltage lateral device structure for thin silicon layers have been carried out. These techniques can be applied to high voltage power ICs with high density packing. These proposed structures are characterized by a very shallow N-type diffusion layer on a bottom film of relatively thick silicon dioxide. Breakdown simulation was carried out by means of the two-dimensional device simulator TONADDEIIB. It was shown that a breakdown voltage of more than 500 V can be obtained with a 20 thick silicon layer structure.
Certain Aspects of the Interpretation of Price-Earnings Ratios (1930)

Norris O. Johnson, John T. Shirer, Certain Aspects of the Interpretation of Price-Earnings Ratios, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 25, No. 169, [Supplement: Proceedings of the American Statistical Association] (Mar., 1930), pp. 106-110
Further Studies on the Stability of β-Hydroxyethylamines toward the Oppenauer Oxidation. cis- and trans-1-Amino-2-indanols<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurther Studies on the Stability of β-Hydroxyethylamines toward the Oppenauer Oxidation. cis- and trans-1-Amino-2-indanols1Robert E. Lutz and Rosser L. Wayland Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 4, 1639–1641Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01148a067RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views113Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (408 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Use of nano-sized clay crystallites to restore adhesion among tumor and aging stem cells - a molecular simulations approach. (2016)

Adhesion of cells to the ECM is key to the regulation of cellular morphology, migration, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. The decrease in or loss of the cell's ability of mutual adhesiveness has been considered as one of the specific abnormalities in the surface properties of malignant cells. A change in the association of plasma membrane with cytoskeletal structures also seems to have a close relation with these abnormalities. Similar to the role of adhesions in tumor cells, stem cells' self-renewal is also tightly controlled by the concerted action of stem cell-intrinsic factors and signals within the niche. This study has demonstrated through molecular simulations the potential use of smectite (Na-montmorillonite) clay crystallites to create adhesions among tumor and stem cells. High electrostatic energies and cohesive energy densities measured in the simulations after the sorption of clay crystallites on cell-cell and cell-ECM complexes validate the concept of using these crystallites for the purposes. As results of this study are quite promising and clay crystallites could be considered as an option to restore adhesions in tumor and stem cells, other confirmatory tests and live cell culture studies are in process for the final validation.
Use of Dominant-negative HrpA Mutants to Dissect Hrp Pilus Assembly and Type III Secretion in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (2005)

The Hrp pilus plays an essential role in the long-distance type III translocation of effector proteins from bacteria into plant cells. HrpA is the structural subunit of the Hrp pilus in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. Little is known about the molecular features in the HrpA protein for pilus assembly or for transporting effector proteins. From previous collections of nonfunctional HrpA derivatives that carry random pentapeptide insertions or single amino acid mutations, we identified several dominant-negative mutants that blocked the ability of wild-type Pst DC3000 to elicit host responses. The dominant-negative phenotype was correlated with the disappearance of the Hrp pilus in culture and inhibition of wild-type HrpA protein self-assembly in vitro. Dominant-negative HrpA mutants can be grouped into two functional classes: one class exerted a strong dominant-negative effect on the secretion of effector proteins AvrPto and HopPtoM in culture, and the other did not. The two classes of mutant HrpA proteins carry pentapeptide insertions in discrete regions, which are interrupted by insertions without a dominant-negative effect. These results enable prediction of possible subunit-subunit interaction sites in the assembly of the Hrp pilus and suggest the usefulness of dominant-negative mutants in dissection of the role of the wild-type HrpA protein in various stages of type III translocation: protein exit across the bacterial cell wall, the assembly and/or stabilization of the Hrp pilus in the extracellular space, and Hrp pilus-mediated long-distance transport beyond the bacterial cell wall.
The p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Can Induce Autophagy and Death of Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons (2004)

The cellular mechanisms underlying Purkinje neuron death in various neurodegenerative disorders of the cerebellum are poorly understood. Here we investigate an in vitro model of cerebellar neuronal death. We report that cerebellar Purkinje neurons, deprived of trophic factors, die by a form of programmed cell death distinct from the apoptotic death of neighboring granule neurons. Purkinje neuron death was characterized by excessive autophagic-lysosomal vacuolation. Autophagy and death of Purkinje neurons were inhibited by nerve growth factor (NGF) and were activated by NGF-neutralizing antibodies. Although treatment with antisense oligonucleotides to the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75ntr) decreased basal survival of cultured cerebellar neurons, p75ntr-antisense decreased autophagy and completely inhibited death of Purkinje neurons induced by trophic factor withdrawal. Moreover, adenoviral expression of a p75ntr mutant lacking the ligand-binding domain induced vacuolation and death of Purkinje neurons. These results suggest that p75ntr is required for Purkinje neuron survival in the presence of trophic support; however, during trophic factor withdrawal, p75ntr contributes to Purkinje neuron autophagy and death. The autophagic morphology resembles that found in neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting a potential role for this pathway in neurological disease.
BMP signaling stimulates cellular differentiation at multiple steps during cartilage development (2005)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles at multiple stages of endochondral bone formation. However, the roles of BMP signaling in chondrocytes in vivo are still contentious. In the present study, we overexpressed a constitutively active BMP receptor 1A (caBmpr1a) in chondrocytes by using two systems: caBmpr1a was directly driven by a rat type II collagen promoter in a conventional transgenic system and indirectly driven in a UAS-Gal4 binary system. CaBmpr1a expression caused shortening of the columnar layer of proliferating chondrocytes and up-regulation of maturation markers, suggesting acceleration of differentiation of proliferating chondrocytes toward hypertrophic chondrocytes. In addition to the acceleration of chondrocyte differentiation, conventional transgenic mice showed widening of cartilage elements and morphological alteration of perichondrial cells, possibly due to stimulation of differentiation of prechondrogenic cells. Moreover, bigenic expression of caBmpr1a rescued the differentiation defect of prechondrogenic cells in Bmpr1b-null phalanges. This finding indicates that BMP signaling is necessary for phalangeal prechondrogenic cells to differentiate into chondrocytes and that signaling of BMP receptor 1B in this context is replaceable by that of a constitutively active BMP receptor 1A. These results suggest that BMP signaling in prechondrogenic cells and in growth plate chondrocytes stimulates their chondrocytic differentiation and maturation toward hypertrophy, respectively.
Thermal noise variance of a receive radiofrequency coil as a respiratory motion sensor (2016)

Within clinical MR systems, the respiratory motion can be detected by the noise in receive array. The noise sensor does not require careful positioning unlike the bellow, any additional hardware, and/or MR acquisition. Magn Reson Med 77:221-228, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gaseous Diffusion of Arsenic and Phosphorus into Germanium (1961)

The diffusion of arsenic and phosphorus from a gaseous ambient into germanium is investigated using capacitance and breakdown measurements of diodes produced by plating indium into indentations of various depths. The diffusion constants found for arsenic in germanium agree well with those published by Bosenberg. On the other hand, the diffusion constant of phosphorus in germanium at 780°C was found to be which differs considerably from data by Dunlop. The surface concentration of arsenic in germanium appears to increase in proportion to the fourth root of the arsenic vapor pressure at 725°, 750°, and 800°C, with no significant differences among these temperatures. In the case of phosphorus a fourth root dependence was found also at 780°C, the only temperature investigated.
Selective Esterification of Calix[4]arenes (1994)

Abstract Calix[4]arenes 1a and 1b reacted with acid chlorides at room temperature in the presence of triethylamine to give the selectively diametrical diesterified products 2 in good to excellent yields. While at the same reaction conditions, calix[8]arenes 3a and 3b gave the fully esterified products 4.
Gene Expression Profiling of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors (2007)

Pediatric adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are rare and often fatal malignancies; little is known regarding their etiology and biology. To provide additional insight into the nature of ACT, we determined the gene expression profiles of 24 pediatric tumors (five adenomas, 18 carcinomas, and one undetermined) and seven normal adrenal glands. Distinct patterns of gene expression, validated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, were identified that distinguish normal adrenal cortex from tumor. Differences in gene expression were also identified between adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. In addition, pediatric adrenocortical carcinomas were found to share similar patterns of gene expression when compared with those published for adult ACT. This study represents the first microarray analysis of childhood ACT. Our findings lay the groundwork for establishing gene expression profiles that may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric ACT, and in the identification of signaling pathways that contribute to this disease.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis by nano-structured iron catalyst (2010)

nanoscale 氧化铁粒子在上的效果组织上，结构，减小， carburization 和在 Fischer-Tropsch 合成(英尺) 的猛抛的铁催化剂的催化行为被调查。Nanostructured 铁催化剂被微乳液方法在二个系列准备。第一， Fe2O3， CuO 和 La2O3 nanoparticles 独立被准备并且被混合达到 Fe/Cu/La nanostructured 催化剂(sep-nano 催化剂) ；第二， nanostructured 催化剂被一起沉淀在一个 water-in-oil 微乳液方法(mix-nano 催化剂) 准备。另外，常规铁催化剂与普通一起沉淀方法被准备。催化剂的结构的描述被 TEM， XRD， H2 和 CO-TPR 测试执行。为 sep-nano 和 mix-nano 催化剂的氧化铁的粒子尺寸，它由 XRD 模式(Scherrer 方程) 和 TEM 图象坚定分别地是大约 20 和 21.6 nm。催化剂评估在一个改正床不锈钢反应堆并且与常规铁催化剂相比被进行。当 WGS 反应和石蜡 / 石蜡比率在 nanostructured 铁催化剂减少了时，结果表明英尺反应增加了。
Proteomics and antivenomics of Echis carinatus carinatus venom: Correlation with pharmacological properties and pathophysiology of envenomation (2017)

The proteome composition of Echis carinatus carinatus venom (ECV) from India was studied for the first time by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 90, 47, and 22 distinct enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins belonging to 15, 10, and 6 snake venom protein families were identified in ECV by searching the ESI-LC-MS/MS data against non-redundant protein databases of Viperidae (taxid 8689), Echis (taxid 8699) and Echis carinatus (taxid 40353), respectively. However, analysis of MS/MS data against the Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly sequences (87 entries) of conger E. coloratus identified only 14 proteins in ECV. Snake venom metalloproteases and snaclecs, the most abundant enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins, respectively in ECV account for defibrinogenation and the strong in vitro pro-coagulant activity. Further, glutaminyl cyclase, aspartic protease, aminopeptidase, phospholipase B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and nerve growth factor were reported for the first time in ECV. The proteome composition of ECV was well correlated with its biochemical and pharmacological properties and clinical manifestations observed in Echis envenomed patients. Neutralization of enzymes and pharmacological properties of ECV, and immuno-cross-reactivity studies unequivocally point to the poor recognition of <20 kDa ECV proteins, such as PLA<sub>2</sub>, subunits of snaclec, and disintegrin by commercial polyvalent antivenom.
A treatment planning comparison of BPA- or BSH-based BNCT of malignant gliomas (1996)

Accurate delivery of the prescribed dose during clinical BNCT requires knowledge (or reasonably valid assumptions) about the boron concentrations in tumor and normal tissues. For conversion of physical dose (Gy) into photon-equivalent dose (Gy-Eq), relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and/or compound-adjusted biological effectiveness (CBE) factors are required for each tissue. The BNCT treatment planning software requires input of the following values: the boron concentration in blood and tumor, RBEs in brain, tumor and skin for the high-LET beam components, the CBE factors for brain, tumor, and skin, and the RBE for the gamma component.
Two view to N-view conversion without depth (2011)

This paper presents a novel method for generating multi-view video. The video can be viewed without wearing a pair of glasses which is more suitable for outdoor bulletin board of kiosk applications. One of the major aspects of the new method is that the depth estimation is not required. Hence, no depth warp induced holes will be introduced. Our method first extracts feature correspondence from a Left/Right (LR) image pair and recover a set of 3D point. Then, those 3D points are projected onto the multiple virtual views. Secondly, the homography matrices are calculated for pre-warping. Finally, the pixel values of the virtual views are generated by the proposed content preserve warping with smoothness constraint.
Erratum: Determination of the Orbital Polarization in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>YTiO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>by Using Soft X-Ray Linear Dichroism [Phys. Rev. Lett.<b>93</b>, 257207 (2004)] (2006)

Department of Quantum Matter, ADSM, Hiroshima University, recalculated the linear dichroism (LD) spectra of YTiO 3 and found a mistake in the previous calculation. A paper including the recalculated results will be submitted soon to an appropriate journal. Table
InGaZnO semiconductor thin film fabricated using pulsed laser deposition (2010)

The InGaZnO thin films are fabricated on the quartz glass using pulsed laser deposition (PLD), where the target is prepared by mixing the Ga(2)O(3), In(2)O(3), and ZnO powders at a mol ratio of 1:1:8 before the solid-state reactions in a tube furnace at the atmospheric pressure. The product thin films were characterized comprehensively by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Hall-effect investigation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Thus, we demonstrate semiconductor thin-film materials with high smoothness, high transmittance in visible region, and excellent electrical properties.
Field plate structural optimization for enhancing the power gain of GaN-based HEMTs (2013)

A novel source-connected field plate structure, featuring the same photolithography mask as the gate electrode, is proposed as an improvement over the conventional field plate (FP) techniques to enhance the frequency performance in GaN-based HEMTs. The influences of the field plate on frequency and breakdown performance are investigated simultaneously by using a two-dimensional physics-based simulation. Compared with the conventional T-gate structures with a field plate length of 1.2 μm, this field plate structure can induce the small signal power gain at 10 GHz to increase by 5-9.5 dB, which depends on the distance between source FP and dramatically shortened gate FP. This technique minimizes the parasitic capacitances, especially the gate-to-drain capacitance, showing a substantial potential for millimeter-wave, high power applications.
Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus DNA in cervical cancer tissues with fluorescence polarization. (2003)

To evaluate the type-specific prevalence of eight common types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in patients with cervical cancer living in Shanxi, China, with fluorescence polarization detection, crude DNA extracted from 137 samples of early-stage cervical cancer (within stage IIa) and chronic cervicitis was subjected to HPV L1 consensus GP5+/GP6+ system. Then, the HPV-positive products identified by GP5 + /GP6+ PCR were genotyped based on template-directed dye-terminator incorporation assay with fluorescence polarization detection (TDI-FP): the PCR products were respectively hybridized with designed type-specific probes within the GP5+/GP6+ amplicons for eight common HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 18, 16, 31, 33, 35, and 58), and specific fluorescence-labeled ddNTPs (TAMRA-ddTTP or R110-ddGTP) were directly incorporated to the ends of the corresponding probes under directing of the corresponding template in PCR products, which was reflected and read by high FP values for TAMRA or R110. HPV DNA was detected in 38.89% (28/72) cases of chronic cervicitis, and 87.69% (57/65) cases of cervical cancer. There was a significant difference in HPV prevalence between these two groups. The four commonly identified types in patients with cervical cancer were HPV 16 (45.6%), HPV 18 (22.8%), HPV 58 (17.5%), and HPV 31 (7.02%), and in those with chronic cervicitis were HPV 16 (35.7%), HPV 11 (32.1%), HPV 6 (21.4%), and HPV 18 (10.7%). 57.14% of HPV types detected in patients with chronic cervicitis were high-risk types. HPV 16 was the most common viral type identified in both groups. Type-specific prevalence of HPV DNA has some characteristics in patients with chronic cervicitis and cervical cancer living in Shanxi, China and the worldwide uncommon type HPV 58 is relatively common in both kinds of cases. The high prevalence of HPV 58 in Chinese women should been considered in diagnosis and vaccine designs of HPV.
A novel mechanism of phase variation of virulence in <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>: evidence for control of the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by alternating insertion and excision of the insertion sequence element IS<i>256</i> (1999)

Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on smooth polymer surfaces has been shown to be mediated by the ica operon. Upon activation of this operon, a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) is synthesized that supports bacterial cell-to-cell contacts and triggers the production of thick, multilayered biofilms. Thus, the ica gene cluster represents a genetic determinant that significantly contributes to the virulence of specific Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. PIA synthesis has been reported recently to undergo a phase variation process. In this study, biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis strains and their PIA-negative phase variants were analysed genetically to investigate the molecular mechanisms of phase variation. We have characterized biofilm-negative variants by Southern hybridization with ica-specific probes, polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. The data obtained in these analyses suggested that in approximately 30% of the variants the missing biofilm formation was due to the inactivation of either the icaA or the icaC gene by the insertion of the insertion sequence element IS256. Furthermore, it was shown that the transposition of IS256 into the ica operon is a reversible process. After repeated passages of the PIA-negative insertional mutants, the biofilm-forming phenotype could be restored. Nucleotide sequence analyses of the revertants confirmed the complete excision of IS256, including the initially duplicated 8 bp target sites. These results elucidate, for the first time, a molecular mechanism mediating phase variation in staphylcocci, and they demonstrate that a naturally occurring insertion sequence element is actively involved in the modulation of expression of a Staphylococcus virulence factor.
2012 Canadian Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia syndrome (2012)

1 Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Alan Edwards Pain Management Unit, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Faculty of Law, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Division of Rheumatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Centre de la recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Universite de Montreal; Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Division of Physiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Departments of Clinical Neurological Sciences and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Patient representative