gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is intensive dietetic intervention effective for overweight patients with diabetes mellitus? A randomized controlled study in a general practice (1999)

Abstract Overweight diabetes patients have greater morbidity than those at or near their ideal weights. The aim of this study was to determine whether intensive dietetic support resulted in greater weight loss in a group of overweight diabetes patients over a period of 12 months. A randomized controlled study was set up in our general practice with 75 overweight diabetes patients aged up to 75 years. The control group had dietetic review at 0, 6 and 12 months. The intervention group had, in addition, further in tensive input in the first three months of the study. Results showed that intensive input did not result in greater weight loss over the study period and we concluded that additional dietetic input was not effective in promoting weight loss in this setting.
Predicting player disengagement and first purchase with event-frequency based data representation (2015)

In the game industry, especially for free to play games, player retention and purchases are important issues. There have been several approaches investigated towards predicting them by players' behaviours during game sessions. However, most current methods are only available for specific games because the data representations utilised are usually game specific. This work intends to use frequency of game events as data representations to predict both players' disengagement from game and the decisions of their first purchases. This method is able to provide better generality because events exist in every game and no knowledge of any event but their frequency is needed. In addition, this event frequency based method will also be compared with a recent work by Runge et al. [1] in terms of disengagement prediction.
A SUMMARY OF RECENT RESEARCH INTO INJURIES RESULTING FROM LOW-SPEED REAR-END COLLISIONS (1996)

The occupants of vehicles that experience low-speed rear-end impacts -- generally defined as those that result in a change in velocity to the struck vehicle of 8 mph or less -- often content that they have suffered a variety of injuries. Recently, research into the type and severity of the injuries that can be expected in such collisions has increased. The following remarks are distilled from publications that have resulted from this research. Topics are, G-Forces and Whiplash; Temperomandibular Joint (TMJ); and Low Back (Lumbar) Injury.
Sugar Alcohols: What Is the Evidence for Caries-Preventive and Caries-Therapeutic Effects? (2004)

The most widely used sugar alcohols are: xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, lactitol and the products Lycasin and Palatinit. It is often claimed that xylitol is superior to the other sugar alcohols for caries control. This paper examines clinical studies on the caries-preventive and therapeutic effects of sugar alcohols with emphasis on sorbitol and xylitol. It is concluded that chewing sugar-free gum 3 or more times daily for prolonged periods of time may reduce caries incidence irrespective of the type of sugar alcohol used. It may be sufficient to do this only on school days. Sucking xylitol-containing candies or tablets may have a similar effect as chewing xylitol chewing gum. Clinical trials suggest greater caries reductions from chewing gums sweetened with xylitol than from gums sweetened with sorbitol. However, the superiority of xylitol was not confirmed in 2 out of 4 clinical trials comparing the caries-preventive effect of xylitol- with sorbitol-sweetened gums. The caries-preventive effects of polyol-containing gums and candies seem to be based on stimulation of the salivary flow, although an antimicrobial effect cannot be excluded. There is no evidence for a caries-therapeutic effect of xylitol. These conclusions are in line with those of recent reviews and with the conclusions of the Scientific Committee on Medicinal Products and Medical Devices of the EU Commission.
Classical Capacity of the Lossy Bosonic Channel: The Exact Solution (2004)

The classical capacity of the lossy bosonic channel is calculated exactly. It is shown that its Holevo information is not superadditive, and that a coherent-state encoding achieves capacity. The capacity of far-field, free-space optical communications is given as an example.
On slot-coupled microstrip antennas and their applications to CP operation-theory and experiment (1990)

A simple theory based on the cavity model is developed to analyze microstrip antennas excited by a slot in the ground plane. By using an equivalent magnetic current source at the feed, the electric field under the patch is obtained in terms of a set of cavity modes. In particular, the loci of the slot feed location for achieving the circular polarization and the input impedance are computed and found to be in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured results. Simple but surprisingly accurate formulas for slot-fed circularly polarized microstrip antennas are derived and compared with those for probe-fed counterparts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monitoring of Median Nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials During Cervical Spinal Cord Decompression (1996)

We evaluated the intraoperative utility of monitoring median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in 31 consecutively hospitalized neurosurgical patients (mean age 55.3 +/- 2.1 years) who underwent spinal cord decompression for cervical herniated disc, spondylosis, or tumor. Pre- and postoperative standard neurological examinations included evaluation of motor function, sensory responses, gait, tone, and reflexes. Evoked potentials were recorded from clavicular Erb's (N9) and contralateral cortical (N20) points. Intraoperatively, SEP measurements were obtained after the onset of anesthesia (baseline control) and were repeated throughout the operative procedures. N20 and N9-N20 conduction latencies were measured for each SEP recording; disappearance of the SEP waveform was interpreted as a nonquantifiable increase in latency. Follow-up neurological examinations were made immediately after and up to 6 months following surgery. Postoperatively, the 31 study subjects were assigned to one of two groups based on neurological evaluation: 27 group I subjects had either no change or improvement (good outcome) whereas four group II subjects had postoperative neurological deterioration (poor outcome). Intraoperative N9-N20 interpeak latency was found to increase during cervical decompression in six of 27 group I and in two of four group II subjects. Only two of the Group I subjects exhibited increases > 10% (14 and 19%, respectively). Intraoperative communication to the surgeon of a marked increase of N9-N20 latency during positioning for cervical traction clearly obviated a poor outcome in one group I subject; Upon removal of traction, latency decreased and significant changes in neurological function were not detected postoperatively. The SEP waveform disappeared in two of the group II and in none of the group I subjects. In the two group II subjects exhibiting increases of N9-N20 latencies, increments were > 20%. These findings indicate that in patients undergoing cervical spinal cord decompression, disappearance of SEPs or increases > 20% in the N9-N20 interpeak latency are suggestive of operative conditions that place patients at risk for poor neurological outcome.
Giant cell carcinomas of the lung producing colony-stimulating factor in vitro and in vivo. (1985)

Two culture cell lines (C-Lu65, C-Lu99) were established from human giant cell carcinomas of the lung transplanted in athymic nude mice (BALB/c, nu/nu). During early passage in tissue culture, C-Lu65 grew as a loosely adherent monolayer with some piling-up and with floating cells. After 30 successive subcultures, C-Lu65 began to grow in suspended cell clusters, showing a faster growth rate. C-Lu65 was characterized by multinucleated giant cells with large abnormal nuclei and prominent nucleoli. C-Lu99 grew as adherent cells, and fewer multinucleated giant cells were observed. C-Lu65 and C-Lu99 showed some ultrastructural differences in cell surface and cytoplasmic features. Chromosomal analysis revealed numerical and structural abnormalities in both cell lines. Cell-free supernatants from both cell lines stimulated the colony formation of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro. In addition, mice bearing tumors induced by transplanting C-Lu65 and C-Lu99 showed remarkable leukocytosis without evidence of infection. These results suggest that these two cell lines release colony-stimulating factor both in vitro and in vivo.
Isoenzyme(S) of glutathione transferase (class Mu) as a marker for the susceptibility to lung cancer: a follow up study (1990)

Glutathione transferase are divided into three classes: Alpha, Mu and Pi. Isoenzyme(s) from one of these classes, class Mu, is dominantly inherited and can be determined by activity measurements directed towards the substrate trans-stilbene oxide. The frequency of this phenotype has been measured in patients with bronchial carcinoma and in control subjects matched for age and smoking history. After combining an earlier study from our laboratory (Carcinogenesis, 7, 751-753, 1986) with the additional material presented here (control smokers, n = 114, lung cancers, n = 125) non-cancer smokers had an increased number of subjects who expressed class Mu isoenzymes (58.3% of total n = 192) compared with lung cancer patients (36.6% of total n = 191; P less than 0.0001). The pathology of lung tumors related to the lack of class Mu isoenzymes which occurred most frequently in patients with adenocarcinomas. It is concluded that the gene expressing class Mu isoenzymes may be a host determinant of genetic susceptibility to lung cancer among smokers.
Orchestrating multi-device presentations with OmniPresent (2017)

Meeting rooms and classrooms are increasingly equipped with more than one screen that could be used for presentations. However, current presentation software provides little support for arranging content across multiple screens beyond mirroring slides. We introduce OmniPresent, a system for orchestrating presentations on multiple devices. OmniPresent offers two modes for authoring these orchestrations. The first mode is suited in particular for legacy, single-device presentations and allows a presenter to orchestrate the presentation on the fly by pinning slides to extra screens. The second mode offers complete freedom in allocating slides to available screens by authoring an orchestration script beforehand. We have evaluated the two modes qualitatively in a user study and report on patterns in content and motivation for distributing presentations across multiple screens.
Sexual Transmission of HIV (1997)

Transmission through sexual contact accounts for 75 to 85 percent of the nearly 28 million infections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that have occurred so far.1 The probability of infection through sexual contact, although it varies greatly, appears to be lower than that of infection through other routes of exposure (Figure 1). The variability observed among and within routes of HIV exposure depends partly on the viral dose and also on whether the virus is transmitted directly into the blood or onto a mucous membrane. In addition, these differences are influenced by a variety of host factors, including both . . .
Wireless Inertial Sensors for Monitoring Animal Behavior (2007)

Wireless sensors were designed which are small and light enough to be worn by small animals such as rats. These sensors are used to record three axes acceleration data from animals during natural behavior in a cage. The behavior of the animal is further extracted from the recorded acceleration data using neural network based pattern recognition algorithms. Successful recognition of eating, grooming and standing are demonstrated using this approach. Finally another potential application of this research is demonstrated in behavioral neuroscience by showing correlations between action potentials recorded from the motor cortex of a rat and acceleration data.
Measuring and extracting proximity in networks (2006)

Measuring distance or some other form of proximity between objects is a standard data mining tool. Connection subgraphs were recently proposed as a way to demonstrate proximity between nodes in networks. We propose a new way of measuring and extracting proximity in networks called "cycle free effective conductance"(CFEC). Our proximity measure can handle more than two endpoints, directed edges, is statistically well-behaved, and produces an effectiveness score for the computed subgraphs. We provide an efficien talgorithm. Also, we report experimental results and show examples for three large network data sets: a telecommunications calling graph, the IMDB actors graph, and an academic co-authorship network.
The Potential of Intelligent Software Agents in the World Wide Web in Automating Part Procurement (1998)

IN BRIEF The procurement process is notorious for being tedious and protracted due to data gathering and prolonged negotiations. With the emergence of the World Wide Web, more and more companies have established a visible presence by publicizing their products on their Web sites. If this information can be accessed automatically, ideally without the need for human intervention, the time required for procurement can be reduced. Intelligent Software Agents (ISAs) can potentially fulfill this function. In this article, an implementation of electronic sourcing using ISAs is discussed. An intelligent software agent was created using Java‐To‐Go TM , a template which extends the Java Programming Language TM . A client agent from the computer of the sourcing organization visits the Web sites of prospective vendors to determine if they can supply the product according to the procurement specifications. A rudimentary example of sourcing for spur gears is discussed. The demonstration conducted has proven the viability of software agents in undertaking the task of procurement in electronic commerce. Further research and development is necessary before software agents can be used more extensively in electronic procurement.
RHEOLOGIE DES BITUMES EN FILM MINCE - MISE EN EVIDENCE D'UN SEUIL PLASTIQUE (1986)

L'EXISTENCE D'AGGLOMERATS DE GROSSES TAILLES AU SEIN DES ASPHALTENES EST SANS DOUTE LA CAUSE ESSENTIELLE DE LEUR COMPORTEMENT COMPLEXE NON NEWTONIEN. LA CHROMATOGRAPHIE SUR GEL PERMEABLE (GPC) RAPIDE EST ACTUELLEMENT LA SEULE TECHNIQUE QUI TENTE DE PRECISER LES DIMENSIONS DE CES AGGLOMERATS, BIEN QUE CEUX-CI SE DISSOCIENT PENDANT LE FRACTIONNEMENT. SI, COMME ON PEUT LE PRESSENTIR, CERTAINES ESPECES PEUVENT ATTEINDRE QUELQUES FRACTIONS DE MICROMETRES, ALORS LA VISCOSIMETRIE EN FILM MINCE (AUTOUR DE 10 MICROMETRES) DOIT PERMETTRE DE DECELER DES COMPORTEMENTS ANORMAUX. SEPT BITUMES ROUTIERS DE MEME CLASSE DE PENETRATION ONT DONC ETE ANALYSES SOUS 6 A 8 MICROMETRES ET 25 OU 50 MICROMETRES D'EPAISSEUR. LES RESULTATS OBTENUS INDIQUENT QUE SOUS FORTES EPAISSEURS LES VISCOSITES MESUREES DANS UNE LARGE GAMME DE VITESSE DE CISAILLEMENT SONT PEU ETALEES (DE 6.10 PUISSANCE 6 A 2.10 PUISSANCE 7 PA.S) ET QUE POUR TROIS BITUMES LE COMPORTEMENT EST NEWTONIEN. SOUS TRES FAIBLES EPAISSEURS, LES VISCOSITES SONT PAR CONTRE TRES DIFFERENTES ET S'ETALENT SUR DEUX DECADES. ON A MONTRE EGALEMENT DANS CES CONDITIONS QUE CERTAINS BITUMES SONT TRES SENSIBLES AU DURCISSEMENT DANS LE TEMPS ET QUE L'ON PEUT OBSERVER ALORS UN SEUIL D'ECOULEMENT PLASTIQUE D'AUTANT PLUS IMPORTANT QUE LE BITUME EST OXYDE ET QU'IL EST SENSIBLE AU DURCISSEMENT. UNE FOIS ENCORE, CES COMPORTEMENTS SONT EN RELATION AVEC LA HAUTEUR DU PIC D'INTERACTION. (A).
Differential effects of proteinase inhibitor camostat on exocrine pancreas in fed and fasted rats (1993)

Effects of an oral dose of the synthetic trypsin inhibitor camostat on pancreatic exocrine function were examined in rats that were either fasted from 12 h before feeding camostat to the end of experiments or fed ad libitum. Camostat (100 mg/kg body wt) caused significant increases in plasma cholecystokinin bioactivity (peak 13.4 +/- 2.0 pM at 30 min for fasted rats vs. 16.6 +/- 1.7 pM at 2 h for fed rats; not significant) and pancreatic exocrine secretion. In fed rats, but not in fasted rats, significant increases in pancreatic exocrine secretion were observed again at 12 h after a single oral dose of camostat (juice flow 10.3 +/- 0.4 microliters/20 min in fasted rats vs. 175.5 +/- 17.8 microliters/20 min in fed rats; P < 0.001), although pancreatic juice flow in fed and fasted control rats was nearly the same. When the pancreata from camostat-pretreated rats were isolated and perfused, the early effects of camostat on pancreatic exocrine secretion were abolished, whereas the late effects (12 h postfeeding) in fed rats were still observed (juice flow 33.7 +/- 3.4 microliters/20 min vs. control 2.8 +/- 0.4 microliters/20 min; P < 0.001). Thus, in addition to humoral and neural factors, persistent functional changes might have occurred in the pancreas of the fed camostat-pretreated rats. These present results indicate that oral camostat induces two different effects, immediate and delayed, on pancreatic exocrine secretory function. Camostat exerts its immediate effects in both fed and fasted rats, whereas delayed effects were induced only in fed rats.
Reduction of transmitter <i>B</i><sub>1</sub> inhomogeneity with transmit SENSE slice‐select pulses (2007)

Parallel transmitter techniques are a promising approach for reducing transmitter B1 inhomogeneity due to the potential for adjusting the spatial excitation profile with independent RF pulses. These techniques may be further improved with transmit sensitivity encoding (SENSE) methods because the sensitivity information in pulse design provides an excitation that is inherently compensated for transmitter B1 inhomogeneity. This paper presents a proof of this concept using transmit SENSE 3D tailored RF pulses designed for small flip angles. An eight-channel receiver coil was used to mimic parallel transmission for brain imaging at 3T. The transmit SENSE pulses were based on the fast-k(z) design and produced 5-mm-thick slices at a flip angle of 30 degrees with only a 4.3-ms pulse length. It was found that the transmit SENSE pulses produced more homogeneous images than those obtained from the complex sum of images from all receivers excited with a standard RF pulse.
Learning to Segment Instances in Videos with Spatial Propagation Network (2017)

We propose a deep learning-based framework for instance-level object segmentation. Our method mainly consists of three steps. First, We train a generic model based on ResNet-101 for foreground/background segmentations. Second, based on this generic model, we fine-tune it to learn instance-level models and segment individual objects by using augmented object annotations in first frames of test videos. To distinguish different instances in the same video, we compute a pixel-level score map for each object from these instance-level models. Each score map indicates the objectness likelihood and is only computed within the foreground mask obtained in the first step. To further refine this per frame score map, we learn a spatial propagation network. This network aims to learn how to propagate a coarse segmentation mask spatially based on the pairwise similarities in each frame. In addition, we apply a filter on the refined score map that aims to recognize the best connected region using spatial and temporal consistencies in the video. Finally, we decide the instance-level object segmentation in each video by comparing score maps of different instances.
Structural and mechanistic insight into how antibodies inhibit serine proteases (2010)

Antibodies display great versatility in protein interactions and have become important therapeutic agents for a variety of human diseases. Their ability to discriminate between highly conserved sequences could be of great use for therapeutic approaches that target proteases, for which structural features are conserved among family members. Recent crystal structures of antibody-protease complexes provide exciting insight into the variety of ways antibodies can interfere with the catalytic machinery of serine proteases. The studies revealed the molecular details of two fundamental mechanisms by which antibodies inhibit catalysis of trypsin-like serine proteases, exemplified by hepatocyte growth factor activator and MT-SP1 (matriptase). Enzyme kinetics defines both mechanisms as competitive inhibition systems, yet, on the molecular level, they involve distinct structural elements of the active-site region. In the steric hindrance mechanism, the antibody binds to protruding surface loops and inserts one or two CDR (complementarity-determining region) loops into the enzyme's substrate-binding cleft, which results in obstruction of substrate access. In the allosteric inhibition mechanism the antibody binds outside the active site at the periphery of the substrate-binding cleft and, mediated through a conformational change of a surface loop, imposes structural changes at important substrate interaction sites resulting in impaired catalysis. At the centre of this allosteric mechanism is the 99-loop, which is sandwiched between the substrate and the antibody-binding sites and serves as a mobile conduit between these sites. These findings provide comprehensive structural and functional insight into the molecular versatility of antibodies for interfering with the catalytic machinery of proteases.
A quadrature network for generating vestigial-sideband signals (1960)

The paper describes a method of generating approximately a quadrature signal from a given signal using a linear network comprising a tapped delay line. It is shown that a vestigial-sideband signal free from phase distortion can be produced by this means.An experimental version of the quadrature network described has been constructed, and the paper includes the results obtained using the network to produce a vestigial-sideband version of a 405-line television signal with a video bandwidth of 3 Mc/s.It is suggested that a high-power vestigial-sideband signal could be produced by this means with some saving in transmitter power.
Restricted parallax images for 3D TV (1992)

An optical system capable of transmitting the full 3D information content within an extended scene without spacial distortion is described. The capture display and transmission of this image for application in 3D TV systems is considered. The bandwidth requirements and the prospects for translation to future 3D TV schemes is assessed. >
III-V Gate-all-around Nanowire MOSFET Process Technology: From 3D to 4D (2012)

In this paper, we have experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, III-V 4D transistors with vertically stacked InGaAs nanowire (NW) channels and gate-all-around (GAA) architecture. Novel process technology enabling the transition from 3D to 4D structure has been developed and summarized. The successful fabrication of InGaAs lateral and vertical NW arrays has led to 4x increase in MOSFET drive current. The top-down technology developed in this paper has opened a viable pathway towards future low-power logic and RF transistors with high-density III-V NWs.