gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of fiber‐matrix adhesion on the properties of short fiber reinforced ABS (1973)

Abstract The tensile strength, fracture energy, and impact strength of ABS reinforced with discontinuous crystalline fibers such as Fybex Du Pont trademark. can be controlled by manipulating fiber‐matrix interfacial adhesion. In “good bonding” situations composite tensile strength, thermal expansion coefficient, and elastic moduli are significantly improved over the unfilled resin. The excellent impact strength of unreinforced ABS can be retained by lowering the fiber‐matrix interfacial adhesion. This results in a corresponding reduction in the improvements in tensile and flexural strength. However, the elastic moduli and thermal expansion coefficients are relatively insensitive to changes in adhesion. Consequently, a material with high modulus (>500,000 psi), high Izod impact resistance (7.0 ft‐lb/in.), and low expansion coefficient (3.0 × 10 −5 in./in./°F) can be obtained. A material with this unique combination of properties should find use in large parts such as camper tops, truck grilles, and snowmobile bodies. Fiber‐matrix adhesion was measured directly by an x‐ray analysis technique which could be employed because of the fiber's crystallinity and unique growth habit. This independent measurement allowed a correlation between bonding and composite properties. The interfacial bond strength was manipulated by a variety of fiber coatings and resin additions.
A Triple-Continuum Numerical Model For Simulating Multiphase Flow in Vuggy Fractured Reservoirs (2006)

The existence of vugs (empty holes or cavities) in naturally fractured reservoirs has long been observed and can be contributed significantly to reserves of underground natural resources, such as oil, natural gas, and groundwater. A new multi-continuum conceptual model has been developed for investigating multiphase flow behavior through vuggy fractured reservoirs. The conceptual model, based on geological data and observations of core examples from carbonate formations in China, has been implemented into a three-dimensional, three-phase reservoir simulator using a generalized multi-continuum modeling approach. In this conceptual model, vuggy fractured rock is considered as a triple-continuum medium, consisting of (1) highly permeable fractures, (2) low-permeability rock matrix, and (3) various-sized vugs. The matrix system may contain a large number of small or isolated cavities (of centimeters or millimeters in diameter), while vugs are larger cavities with sizes from centimeters to meters in diameter, which are indirectly connected to fractures through small fractures or microfractures. Similar to the conventional double-porosity concept, the fracture continuum is responsible for the occurrence of global flow, while vuggy and matrix continua, providing large-storage space, are locally connected to each other as well as directly interacting with globally connecting fractures. Note that vugs directly connected with fractures are considered as part of the fracture continuum. In the numerical implementation, a control-volume, integral finite difference method is used for spatial discretization, and a first-order finite difference scheme is adapted for temporal discretization of governing mass-balance equations for the three-phase fluids in each continuum. The resulting discrete nonlinear equations are solved fully implicitly by Newton iteration. The numerical scheme has been verified by comparing its results against those of analytical methods for the case of single-phase flow. In addition, to demonstrate the model’s application, the new conceptual model and the associated numerical modeling approach are used to obtain some insight into the behavior of flow through vuggy fractured reservoirs.
Family size of orthogonal Oppermann sequences (2001)

A supplement is provided for Oppermann's orthogonal sequences with a wide range of correlation properties. It is shown that there exist identical sequences within the sequence set under many circumstances. The number of distinct orthogonal sequences in the sequence set is presented.
Gene Therapy for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML): A Retroviral Vector That Renders Hematopoietic Progenitors Methotrexate-Resistant and CML Progenitors Functionally Normal and Nontumorigenic In Vivo (1997)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant disease of the human hematopoietic stem cell caused by the BCR/ABL gene rearrangement. The only curative therapy is allogeneic transplantation. Although autologous transplants may prolong survival, most patients relapse because of disease persisting in the host and in the graft. Continued administration of chemotherapy after transplant could reduce the incidence of relapse provided that the autograft can be protected by transfer of a drug-resistance gene. However, CML autografts will almost certainly contain malignant stem cells that will also be rendered drug-resistant. The presence of the BCR/ABL oncoprotein is necessary and sufficient for malignant transformation seen in CML. We thus hypothesized that transfer of a vector that combines a drug-resistance gene with anti-BCR/ABL antisense (AS) sequences may allow for posttransplant chemotherapy to decrease persistent disease while rendering inadvertently transduced CML stem and progenitor cells functionally normal. We constructed a retroviral vector, LasBD, that combines the methotrexate (MTX)-resistant tyrosine-22 dihydrofolate-reductase (tyr22-DHFR) gene and AS sequences directed at the b3a2 BCR/ABL breakpoint. b3a2 BCR/ABL containing 32D and MO7e cells were transduced with LasBD and selected in MTX for 14 days. Expression of the AS sequences reduced BCR/ABL mRNA and p210BCR/ABL protein levels by 6- to 10-fold in most cells. This subsequently led to the restoration of normal function of BCR/ABL cDNA+ cells: they grew significantly slower in the presence of interleukin-3 (IL-3); they underwent apoptotic cell death when cultured without IL-3; and they had restored expression and function of adhesion receptors. These effects were specific, because LasBD-containing AS sequences directed at the b3a2 BCR/ABL breakpoint did not affect p190BCR/ABL-containing cells. LasBD also rendered 20% to 30% of primary Ph− and Ph+ CD34+ cells MTX-resistant and decreased BCR/ABL mRNA levels in MTX resistant Ph+ CD34+ cells by 10-fold. Expression of the MTX-resistant DHFR gene and the AS sequences has been stable for at least 1 year in vitro and for more than 70 days in vivo. Finally, LasBD decreased tumorigenicity of 32DBCR/ABL cells in vivo by 3 to 4 logs. In conclusion, the tyr22-DHFR gene in the LasBD vector can protect normal hematopoietic cells from MTX-mediated toxicity, whereas the AS sequences in LasBD can suppress expression of the BCR/ABL gene and restore normal function of BCR/ABL cDNA-containing cells. The LasBD vector may therefore prove to be an extremely useful adjunct in autologous transplantation for CML.
Expression of a chimeric <i>uidA</i> gene indicates that polycistronic mRNAs are efficiently translated in tobacco plastids (1995)

Polycistronic mRNAs are the predominant form of plastid primary transcripts. To determine if there is internal initiation of translation of promoter-distal open reading frames, a promoterless uidA reporter gene was integrated into the tobacco plastid genome downstream of the rbcL gene. Monocistronic uidA mRNA does not accumulate from the promoterless uidA construct. However, due to inefficient rbcL transcription termination, a polycistronic transcription unit is created that contains the uidA gene as the second cistron. Numerous stop codons in all three reading frames between the rbcL and uidA coding regions ensure that translation of uidA initiates only from the correct start codon. The encoded reporter gene product, beta-glucuronidase (GUS) accumulates to high levels in the transplastomic plants indicating that promoter-distal cistrons can be efficiently translated in plastids.
Towards a prophylactic treatment of HPA-related foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (2012)

These novel observations have paved the way for clinical studies. Production and testing of anti-HPA-1a IgG for clinical use will be carried out by a European Union-funded consortium. If the results from the clinical trial are favourable, there is a chance that a medicinal product for the prevention of FNAIT will be available within this decade.
Maximal Power Output and Perceptual Fatigue Responses During a Division I Female Collegiate Soccer Season (2012)

The purpose of this study was to investigate how maximal power output (PMAX), as measured via the inertial load cycling technique, changes throughout a collegiate soccer season in relation to training load completed. The current investigation took place throughout the 2010 Big XII soccer season. Nineteen Division I female collegiate soccer players (age: 19.9 ± 1.2 years, stature: 165.1 ± 6.6 cm, mass: 61.0 ± 6.8 kg) from the same team completed regular inertial load cycling tests and perceptual fatigue questionnaires throughout the season. Players were divided into STARTERS and NON-STARTERS based on percentage of matches started throughout the season. The results demonstrated that STARTERS experience much greater load throughout the season than NON-STARTERS (2247 ± 176 arbitrary units [AU] and 1585 ± 174 AU, p < 0.05), accounted for by increased load during matches. This increased load throughout the season was accompanied by decline in PMAX in STARTERS (to 92.3 ± 6.6%, p < 0.05), whereas PMAX was maintained in NON-STARTERS for the duration of the season (99.0 ± 4.9%). Furthermore, STARTERS experienced greater muscle soreness throughout the in-season period compared with NON-STARTERS. The main finding of this study is that PMAX declined throughout the middle and latter parts of the season in STARTERS, after experiencing significantly greater match loads than NON-STARTERS throughout the season. The current findings, combined with previous investigations, suggest that load needs to be carefully monitored throughout the in-season period to maintain optimal neuromuscular performance throughout a team's entire sporting season.
Optimum shapes for minimising bond stress in scarf repairs (2008)

Bonded scarf repairs are used in composite structures when high strength recovery is needed or when there is a requirement for a flush surface to satisfy aerodynamic or stealth requirements. However, scarf repairs are complex to design and require the removal of significant parent structure, particularly for thick skins. In this investigation, analytical and numerical approaches have been developed to investigate whether an optimum repair shape for a known biaxial load can be determined. The results clearly demonstrate that the strength of a repaired panel can be improved by optimising both the initial damage cut-out shape and the scarf angle distribution.
Enzymatic Surface Hydrolysis of PET: Effect of Structural Diversity on Kinetic Properties of Cutinases from Thermobifida (2011)

In this study cutinases from Thermobifida cellulosilytica DSM44535 (Thc_Cut1 and Thc_Cut2) and Thermobifida fusca DSM44342 (Thf42_Cut1) hydrolyzing poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were successfully cloned and expressed in E.coli BL21-Gold(DE3). Their ability to hydrolyze PET was compared with other enzymes hydrolyzing natural polyesters, including the PHA depolymerase (ePhaZmcl) from Pseudomonas fluorescens and two cutinases from T. fusca KW3. The three isolated Thermobifida cutinases are very similar (only a maximum of 18 amino acid differences) but yet had different kinetic parameters on soluble substrates. Their kcat and Km values on pNP–acetate were in the ranges 2.4–211.9 s–1 and 127–200 μM while on pNP–butyrate they showed kcat and Km values between 5.3 and 195.1 s–1 and between 1483 and 2133 μM. Thc_Cut1 released highest amounts of MHET and terephthalic acid from PET and bis(benzoyloxyethyl) terephthalate (3PET) with the highest concomitant increase in PET hydrophilicity as indicated by water contact angle (WCA) decreases. FTIR-ATR analysis revealed an increase in the crystallinity index A1340/A1410 upon enzyme treatment and an increase of the amount of carboxylic and hydroxylic was measured using derivatization with 2-(bromomethyl)naphthalene. Modeling the covalently bound tetrahedral intermediate consisting of cutinase and 3PET indicated that the active site His-209 is in the proximity of the O of the substrate thus allowing hydrolysis. On the other hand, the models indicated that regions of Thc_Cut1 and Thc_Cut2 which differed in electrostatic and in hydrophobic surface properties were able to reach/interact with PET which may explain their different hydrolysis efficiencies.
Nearly penalty-free, g4 ps supercontinuum WDM pulse generation for Tbit/s TDM-WDM networks (1994)

Multi-wavelength or tunable laser sources are expected to play a major role in flexible TDM- WDM networks [1]. A supercontinuum (SC) pulse source is one of the promising candidates for such WDM sources in the sense that it generates short pulses over a continuous broad spectral range, thus many channels at arbitrary wavelengths can be selected by merely filtering out the desired wavelength components [2-4]. Recently, we have reported LD-pumped, GHz SC pulse generation at 1.5 μm over 40 nm in an optical fiber using amplified 1.55 μm gain-switched LD pulses [3]. To actually use the SC pulse source for optical communication systems, however, their noise characteristics such as bit-error rates (BER), RIN are yet to be studied.
N‐Carboxymethylchitosan: Uptake and effect on chlorophyll production, water potential and biomass in tomato plants (1991)

Abstract Uptake and effects of water solutions of N‐carboxymethylchitosan (NCMC) were determined in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Rapid uptake of NCMC occurred during the initial 12 hours of treatment and there was an increase of chlorophyl content in leaves of NCMC‐treated plants. However, neither the water potential nor the biomass of test plants was influenced by NCMC treatments.
Contracts of employment (1990)

Should nurses have the right to negotiate contracts of employment? Health authorities tend to use standard contracts for all nursing personnel. This allows nurses to be moved like pawns in a chess game. Nurses are supposed to be professional people, but compared with other professionals, it could be argued that nurses are not. For instance, how many neurosurgeons would be asked, because of shortages, to stand in for a vascular surgeon? Would you expect a barrister specialising in corporate law to arrange your house purchase? Would you expect an electrician to do building repairs?
Engineering a designer immunotherapy (2018)

Tailoring cytokine selectivity by engineering receptor-ligand pairs circumvents toxicity
Application of optical fibers to the transmission of solar radiation (1976)

The application of optical fibers to the transmission of solar radiation is discussed. Attenuations of the extraterrestrial solar radiation spectrum in optical fiber materials, fused-silica and soda-lime-silicate glass, are calculated based on intrinsic attenuation mechanisms. It is shown that fused-silica-core optical fibers transmit solar radiation effectively over distances of about 40 m. Possible areas of application of optical fibers to the solar energy utilization systems are suggested.
Systematic Review on the Efficacy of Cytoreductive Surgery Combined With Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis From Colorectal Carcinoma (2006)

The current evidence suggests that cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with an improved survival, as compared with systemic chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal carcinoma.
In vivo measurement of skin surface strain and sub-surface layer deformation induced by natural tissue stretching (2016)

Stratum corneum and epidermal layers change in terms of thickness and roughness with gender, age and anatomical site. Knowledge of the mechanical and tribological properties of skin associated with these structural changes are needed to aid in the design of exoskeletons, prostheses, orthotics, body mounted sensors used for kinematics measurements and in optimum use of wearable on-body devices. In this case study, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and digital image correlation (DIC) were combined to determine skin surface strain and sub-surface deformation behaviour of the volar forearm due to natural tissue stretching. The thickness of the epidermis together with geometry changes of the dermal-epidermal junction boundary were calculated during change in the arm angle, from flexion (90°) to full extension (180°). This posture change caused an increase in skin surface Lagrange strain, typically by 25% which induced considerable morphological changes in the upper skin layers evidenced by reduction of epidermal layer thickness (20%), flattening of the dermal-epidermal junction undulation (45-50% reduction of flatness being expressed as Ra and Rz roughness profile height change) and reduction of skin surface roughness Ra and Rz (40-50%). The newly developed method, DIC combined with OCT imaging, is a powerful, fast and non-invasive methodology to study structural skin changes in real time and the tissue response provoked by mechanical loading or stretching.
Donor–Acceptor Nanoensembles Based on Boron Nitride Nanotubes (2007)

Hybrid materials composed of zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) and BN nanotubes (BNNTs) (see figure) exhibit interesting electronic interactions. The efficient charge separation of these systems is characterized with the aid of an electron mediator, methyl viologen (MV). Photoinduced charge transfer from ZnPc to the BNNTs makes these novel hybrids promising photosensitized charge-separation/electron-mediating systems. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c2058_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Locomotor-Respiratory Coupling During Axillary Crutch Ambulation (2001)

Transient 1:1 locomotor-respiratory coupling occurs in many able-bodied subjects ambulating with axillary crutches and a swing-through gait. Expiration is most often associated with the crutch-stance phase of the gait cycle. This study may have implications for training axillary crutch users.
Summary Abstract: Characterization of ion implanted Si-molecular beam epitaxy film (1987)

First Page
The Stereochemistry of Conjugate Additions. A Study of the Addition of Amines to (2-Nitropropenyl)-benzene (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of Conjugate Additions. A Study of the Addition of Amines to (2-Nitropropenyl)-benzenePhilip L. Southwick and John E. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 23, 6222–6229Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01580a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01580a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Efficient Application of Disk Storage to the DRCS Data Migration Scheme (1978)

A data migration scheme has been in operation on the DRCS Central Computer for approximately two years. During this period tens of thousands of datasets have been migrated to magnetic tape to make the best use of disk storage space. The number of dataset retrievals, although still well within the processing capabilities of the IBM 370 computer system, has predictably grown. This report describes an innovation designed to lessen the impact of retrieval requests on the system resources, especially in the operator intensive area of tape handling.
Inhibition of Mast Cell Degranulation by Phycoerythrin and Its Pigment Moiety Phycoerythrobilin, Prepared from <i>Porphyra yezoensis</i> (2011)

Phycoerythrin from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative activity and is expected to have anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we examined the effects of phycoerythrin and its pigment moiety, phycoerythrobilin, on the degranulation of mast cells. Phycoerythrin (0.01 mg/mL) and phycoerythrobilin (1 μmol/L) significantly inhibited calcium ionophore (A23187) induced release of β-hexosaminidase from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells (approximately 50% and 40%, respectively). Phycoerythrobilin significantly suppressed IgE-antigen-stimulated degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells, while phycoerythrin had no effect. A23187-induced degranulation of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) prepared from rats treated orally with phycoerythrin (4 mg/kg) or phycoerythrobilin (1 μmol/kg) was significantly reduced compared to control PEC. These results suggest that phycoerythrin and phycoerythrobilin exhibit anti-inflammatory activities through the suppression of mast cells degranulation in vivo.
Assessment of intra‐individual variation in prostate‐specific antigen levels in a biennial randomized prostate cancer screening program in Sweden (2005)

In healthy men with PSA levels less than 2 ng/ml, the natural long-term variability for tPSA was less than 14%, and with 95% probability, a change in tPSA greater than 30% indicates a change beyond normal random variation.
Topic detection based on similar networks (2017)

Social data from online social networks is expanding rapidly as the number of users and articles posted increases, making public opinion analysis a greater challenge. Real-time topic detection is a key part of public opinion analysis. The complex data processing involved in traditional clustering and text categorization can lead to time delays in topic detection. In this paper we construct similar networks and detect topics from similar communities that reduces the processing overhead in obtaining real-time topics. The similar communities consist of users with high similarity between them. We collect public topics from the microposts of delegates selected from each similar community. Selecting delegates can reduce the processing time of large amounts of redundant data during topic detection. Obtaining public opinion keywords in real time allows organizations to respond to public opinion security incidents in real time. Experiments showed that our scheme can find public topics faster and more effectively than two traditional algorithms.