gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Chemo‐ and Regioselective Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds Catalyzed by Recyclable Copper(II) as well as Cobalt(II) Phthalocyanines (2010)

Abstract Copper/cobalt phthalocyanines were established for the first time as catalysts for the very efficient chemo‐ and regioselective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to generate the corresponding amines. The selective reduction of nitro compounds was observed in the presence of a large range of functional groups such as aldehyde, keto, acid, amide, ester, halogen, lactone, nitrile and heterocyclic functional groups. Furthermore, the present method was found to be highly regioselective towards the reduction of aromatic dinitro compounds in a short time with high yields. In most of the cases the conversion and selectivity were >99% as monitored by GC‐MS. The reduction mechanism was elucidated by UV‐vis and electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry.
Review article (1993)

Lila: An Inquiry into Morals Robert M. Pirsig London: Black Swan, 1993 (p/b) 476pp, £5.99
Nonlinear organic reaction of 9-fluorenylmethyl carbamates as base amplifiers to proliferate aliphatic amines and their application to a novel photopolymer system (2004)

A novel concept of base proliferation for improving the photosensitivity of base-sensitive materials is described by presenting the autocatalytic transformation of 9-fluorenylmethyl carbamates to aliphatic amines. A 9-fluorenylmethyl carbamate, as a base amplifier, was subjected to a base-catalysed fragmentation reaction to liberate the corresponding amine, which can then act as a catalyst for decomposing parent molecules, leading to autocatalytic decomposition. Consequently, the amine is generated from an equimolar amount of the carbamate using a catalytic amount of the same amine. 1-(9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)piperidine and 1-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)cyclohexylamine were suitable as base amplifiers because of their thermal stability under neutral conditions and high base-catalytic reactivity. On the basis of the results, 1,3-bis[1-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidyl]propane and 1,6-bis[(9-fluorenylmethoxy)carbonylamino]hexane were designed as base amplifiers which liberate aliphatic diamines to crosslink poly(glycidyl methacrylate) photochemically in the presence of a photobase generator. Addition of the base amplifiers resulted in a marked improvement of the photosensitivity characteristics of the polymer by a factor of 16 and 50, respectively.
The United Kingdom advanced medical robotics initiative (2003)

The author discusses the International Advanced Robotics Programme (IARP), which identified an opportunity to develop advanced robotics for medical and healthcare applications. As a result of this initiative, a feasibility study was commissioned by the UK Department of Trade and Industry to identify specific targets for robotics within the healthcare field. Three prime candidates were selected: a surgery assistant, a patient handler, and a fetch and carry robot for the disabled. Each of these is now the subject of a detailed project definition study by a consortium of industrial, academic and medical institutions. These studies should result in a user-driven specification for the three advanced robots and lead to the construction of demonstrator systems in 1991-2.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-sequences with d-perfect property. (2004)

Sequences with almost perfect linear complexity profile are defined by H. Niederreiter[4]. C.P. Xing and K.Y. Lam[5, 6] extended this concept from the case of single sequences to the case of multi-sequences and furthermore proposed the concept of d-perfect. In this paper, based on the technique of m-continued fractions due to Dai et al, we investigate the property of d-perfect multi-sequences and obtain the sufficient and necessary condition on d-perfect property. We show that multi-sequences with d-perfect property are not always strongly d-perfect. In particular, we give one example to disprove the conjecture on d-perfect property of multi-sequences proposed by C.P. Xing in [6].
Transparent dynamic instrumentation (2012)

Process virtualization provides a virtual execution environment within which an unmodified application can be monitored and controlled while it executes. The provided layer of control can be used for purposes ranging from sandboxing to compatibility to profiling. The additional operations required for this layer are performed clandestinely alongside regular program execution. Software dynamic instrumentation is one method for implementing process virtualization which dynamically instruments an application such that the application's code and the inserted code are interleaved together. DynamoRIO is a process virtualization system implemented using software code cache techniques that allows users to build customized dynamic instrumentation tools. There are many challenges to building such a runtime system. One major obstacle is transparency. In order to support executing arbitrary applications, DynamoRIO must be fully transparent so that an application cannot distinguish between running inside the virtual environment and native execution. In addition, any desired extra operations for a particular tool must avoid interfering with the behavior of the application.
Inhibitors of HIV-1 replication that inhibit HIV integrase. (1996)

HIV-1 replication depends on the viral enzyme integrase that mediates integration of a DNA copy of the virus into the host cell genome. This enzyme represents a novel target to which antiviral agents might be directed. Three compounds, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1-methoxyoxalyl-3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and L-chicoric acid, inhibit HIV-1 integrase in biochemical assays at concentrations ranging from 0.06-0.66 microgram/ml; furthermore, these compounds inhibit HIV-1 replication in tissue culture at 1-4 microgram/ml. The toxic concentrations of these compounds are fully 100-fold greater than their antiviral concentrations. These compounds represent a potentially important new class of antiviral agents that may contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of viral integration. Thus, the dicaffeoylquinic acids are promising leads to new anti-HIV therapeutics and offer a significant advance in the search for new HIV enzyme targets as they are both specific for HIV-1 integrase and active against HIV-1 in tissue culture.
Sterols. CLVII. Sapogenins. LXIX.<sup>1</sup> Isolation and Structures of Thirteen New Steroidal Sapogenins. New Sources for Known Sapogenins (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSterols. CLVII. Sapogenins. LXIX.1 Isolation and Structures of Thirteen New Steroidal Sapogenins. New Sources for Known SapogeninsRussell E. Marker, R. B. Wagner, Paul R. Ulshafer, Emerson L. Wittbecker, Dale P. J. Goldsmith, and Clarence H. RuofCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 6, 1199–1209Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01246a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01246a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views241Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simple sequences are ubiquitous repetitive components of eukaryotic genomes (1984)

Simple sequences are stretches of DNA which consist of only one, or a few tandemly repeated nucleotides, for example poly (dA) X poly (dT) or poly (dG-dT) X poly (dC-dA). These two types of simple sequence have been shown to be repetitive and interspersed in many eukaryotic genomes. Several other types have been found by sequencing eukaryotic DNA. In this report we have undertaken a systematical survey for simple sequences. We hybridized synthetical simple sequence DNA to genome blots of phylogenetically different organisms. We found that many, probably even all possible types of simple sequence are repetitive components of eukaryotic genomes. We propose therefore that they arise by common mechanisms namely slippage replication and unequal crossover and that they might have no general function with regards to gene expression. This latter inference is supported by the fact that we have detected simple sequences only in the metabolically inactive micronucleus of the protozoan Stylonychia, but not in the metabolically active macronucleus which is derived from the micronucleus by chromosome diminution.
<i>Xenopus</i> lipovitellin 1 is a Zn<sup>2+</sup>‐ and Cd<sup>2+</sup>‐binding protein (1995)

This report discusses the identification of a Zn(2+)- and Cd(2+)-binding protein of Xenopus laevis that is abundant in vitellogenic oocytes and in embryos from fertilization to stage 46. Oocyte or embryo homogenates were fractionated by SDS-PAGE, blotted onto nitrocellulose, and probed with 65Zn2+ or 109Cd2+. The resulting autoradiograms showed binding of both radionuclides to a protein, designated pCdZn. Freon extraction of oocyte and embryo homogenates showed pCdZn to be a yolk protein. When pCdZn was isolated from oocyte homogenates by ammonium sulfate precipitation, delipidation, and chromatography, it co-purified with lipovitellin 1. The amino acid composition of pCdZn closely resembled the reported composition of lipovitellin 1 and the molecular weight of purified pCdZn (approximately 115 kD) corresponded to reported values for lipovitellin 1 (111-121 kD). Amino acid sequence analyses of five peptides derived from pCdZn yielded 94% identity to the reported sequence of lipovitellin 1, deduced from the DNA sequence of the Xenopus vitellogenin A2 precursor gene. Based on these findings, pCdZn was identified as lipovitellin 1. This study suggests that lipovitellin 1 is the major storage protein for zinc in mature oocytes and developing embryos of Xenopus laevis.
[mTOR and non-small cell lung cancer]. (2010)

雷帕霉素靶蛋白(target of rapamycin, TOR),是一 种非典型的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,1994年Brown等 证实并克隆了哺乳动物TOR基因,即mTOR。它是一类 进化上非常保守的蛋白激酶,广泛存在于各种生物细胞 中。它属于PI3K蛋白激酶类家族,是PI3K信号通路下游 的一个效应蛋白,其底物主要控制与细胞生长和增殖密 切相关的蛋白质合成。mTOR的分子结构复杂,由2 549 个氨基酸残基组成,分子中有数个各自独立而保守的 结构域,mTOR分子的氨基端存在20个串联重复序列, 每一个重复序列包含2个分别由40个氨基酸残基组成的α 螺旋,每个螺旋都有1个亲水基团和1个疏水基团。这种 重复结构介导蛋白质之间的相互作用,有利于mTOR定 位于浆膜。mTOR分子羧基端的中部是蛋白激酶域,结 构和激酶的催化域相似。mTOR主要功能是参与膜蛋 白转运、蛋白质降解、蛋白激酶C信号和核糖体合成等 一系列过程。mTOR被磷酸化激活后,通过调控4EBP和 P70S6K两条不同的下游通路,分别控制特定亚组mRNA 的翻译,mTOR调控着翻译的生物合成,是蛋白质生物 合成的基础。
Image-based ECG sampling of IVUS sequences (2008)

Longitudinal motion artifacts in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) sequences hinders a properly 3D reconstruction and vessel measurements. Most of current techniques base on the ECG signal to obtain a gated pullback without the longitudinal artifact by using a specific hardware or the ECG signal itself. The potential of IVUS images processing for phase retrieval still remains little explored. In this paper, we present a fast forward image-based algorithm to approach ECG sampling. Inspired on the fact that maximum and minimum lumen areas are related to end-systole and end-diastole, our cardiac phase retrieval is based on the analysis of tissue density of mass along the sequence. The comparison between automatic and manual phase retrieval (0:07 plusmn 0:07 mm. of error) encourages a deep validation contrasting with ECG signals.
Handbook of hydraulics for the solution of hydrostatic and fluid-flow problems (1963)

Handbook of hydraulics for the solution of hydrostatic and fluid-flow problems , Handbook of hydraulics for the solution of hydrostatic and fluid-flow problems , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Towards an object oriented method for system architecture design (2002)

The basic thoughts behind a method extending the scope of object-oriented approaches toward modeling the architecture of large systems is presented. The method integrates the traditional 'divide-and-conquer' approach with the object-structured approach which is building-block oriented and tends to be more bottom-up. In the large, two hierarchies dominate the thinking process: a top-down hierarchy of object instances and a bottom-up hierarchy of classes. In the small, the thinking process centers around communicating objects, which are self-contained models of parts of large systems. The basic communication mechanism is a generalized message-passing. The author elaborates how he has tried to overcome logical and physical complexity problems that arise when modeling architectures of larger systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spirastrellolide A:  Revised Structure, Progress toward the Relative Configuration, and Inhibition of Protein Phosphatase 2A (2004)

[structure: see text] The structure of spirastrellolide A, a novel macrolide isolated from the marine sponge Spirastrella coccinea, has been revised to accommodate new MS and chemical transformation data. Relative configurations of three major fragments of the molecule have been elucidated from ROESY and coupling constant data. Spirastrellolide A has been shown to be a potent and fairly selective inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A.
Body fat measurement by bioelectrical impedance and air displacement plethysmography: a cross-validation study to design bioelectrical impedance equations in Mexican adults (2007)

The new bioelectrical impedance equation based on the two-compartment model (2C) was accurate, precise, and free of bias. This equation can be used to assess body composition and nutritional status in populations similar in anthropometric and physical characteristics to this sample.
Blockchain based Power Transaction Asynchronous Settlement System (2020)

The popularization and rapid development of distributed energy becomes a trend of the times. Distributed energy prosumers should be able to trade with each other to reduce losses, increase efficiency, flexibility and economy. The traditional centralized power settlement scheme is not suitable for the utilization on the situation of distributed energy transaction settlement. Energy internet as the next generation energy system integrating cuttingedge information technologies with energy system could realize peerto- peer energy services. The distributed interactive concept of the energy trading is highly consistent with the principle of blockchain. In this paper, aiming at the problems of information disunity, trust system difficult to establish, power deviation waste and cost advance caused by power pre-sale, a power transaction asynchronous settlement system for microgrid is proposed based on blockchain technology. The experiment results illustrate that the system obtains promising performance by reasonable set grid structure which could meet the requirements of practical applications.
Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay (2006)

Welding fumes are classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In the current study, blood and urine concentrations of aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were monitored by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 30 welders and in 22 controls. In addition, DNA damage was examined in the lymphocytes of these subjects by the alkaline Comet assay. Two biological samples were taken from the welders at the beginning (BW) and at the end (EW) of a work week. In controls, collection of samples was limited to BW. Blood concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were higher in the welders than in the control group while higher concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were detected in welder urines. There was no significant difference in the metal concentrations for the BW and EW welder samples. Increased levels of DNA damage were found in lymphocytes from welders as compared to the controls, and 20/30 welders had higher levels of DNA lesions in the EW than in the BW samples. Age had a significant effect on DNA damage in the control group. Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated that there were positive correlations between blood concentrations of Al, Co, Ni, and Pb and the levels of DNA damage. A negative correlation was found between DNA damage and Mn in blood, while there was a positive correlation between urinary Mn concentration and DNA damage. These data indicate that occupational exposure to welding fumes increases DNA damage in lymphocytes.
UDP-<i>N</i>-acetylmuramic Acid (UDP-MurNAc) Is a Potent Inhibitor of MurA (Enolpyruvyl-UDP-GlcNAc Synthase) (2005)

Purified recombinant MurA (enolpyruvyl-UDP-GlcNAc synthase) overexpressed in Escherichia coli had significant amounts of UDP-MurNAc (UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid) bound after purification. UDP-MurNAc is the product of MurB, the next enzyme in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. About 25% of MurA was complexed with UDP-MurNAc after five steps during purification that should have removed it. UDP-MurNAc isolated from MurA was identified by mass spectrometry, NMR analysis, and comparison with authentic UDP-MurNAc. Subsequent investigation showed that UDP-MurNAc bound to MurA tightly, with K(d,UDP)(-)(MurNAc) = 0.94 +/- 0.04 microM, as determined by fluorescence titrations using ANS (8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate) as an exogenous fluorophore. UDP-MurNAc binding was competitive with ANS and phosphate, the second product of MurA, and it inhibited MurA. The inhibition patterns were somewhat ambiguous, likely being competitive with the substrate PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) and either competitive or noncompetitive with respect to the substrate UDP-GlcNAc (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine). These results indicate a possible role for UDP-MurNAc in regulating the biosynthesis of nucleotide precursors of peptidoglycan through feedback inhibition. Previous studies indicated that UDP-MurNAc binding to MurA was not tight enough to be physiologically relevant; however, this was likely an artifact of the assay conditions.
INSOLATION AND SHADOW (1996)

ABSTRACT The following document describes a mathematical method for locating a new building so that it will not cast shadows on existing buildings during business hours. This and other questions dealing with sunlight and shadows can be determined from the apparent motion of the Sun on the solstices, approximately June 22nd and December 22nd.
The Civil and the Political (1998)

The efforts of the political Tavini Huiraatira Party and Hiti Tau civil associations group towards the independence of French Polynesia are discussed. The divergent strategies adopted by them for the purpose are presented, and this article suggests that they should work together for Polynesia to gain political, social and economic independence from France.
Stoichiometry and intracellular fate of TRIM-containing TCR complexes (2010)

Small alphabetaTCR complexes have a TCRalphabeta CD3epsilon2gammadeltazeta2 stoichiometry; whereas those associated with one TRIM dimer are TCRalphabeta CD3epsilon2gammadeltazeta2TRIM2. TRIM is differentially processed compared to CD3 and zeta subunits after T cell activation and is not degraded. The gammadeltaTCR also associates with TRIM.
A Diazo Coupling Method for the Electron Microscopic Localization of Cholinesterase (1959)

The presence of cholinesterase at the myoneural junction of intercostal muscle has been demonstrated in both light and electron microscopic preparations. A new simultaneous diazo coupling technique using alpha-naphthyl acetate as substrate and "hexazonium pararosanilin" as coupler has been applied to cold formalin-fixed tissues. After postfixation in buffered osmium tetroxide the sites of esterase activity are faithfully demonstrated at a high level of resolution. The details of cholin-esterase distribution and some technical aspects of the procedure are discussed.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Novel Bridging Strategy for Acute Right Heart Failure in Group 1 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2013)

Patients with group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and decompensated right heart failure (RHF) were not previously considered for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as bridge to transplantation (BTT) or bridge to recovery (BTR) because options were limited by long transplantation wait times and perceived inability to wean ECMO. In a retrospective review, we describe our center's multidisciplinary mechanical-medical approach to ECMO as a bridging therapy for PAH (2009-2012). Suitability for ECMO was determined using a defined algorithm. Six patients (age, 32 ± 11 years) underwent mechanical-medical bridging. Two transplant-eligible patients underwent successful BTT. The four patients ineligible for transplantation underwent BTR with escalation of targeted medical therapies before weaning off ECMO. Three of four BTR patients survived to ECMO decannulation (duration, 12 ± 7; range, 7-23 days). In this single-institution experience, mechanical-medical BTT and BTR with ECMO and targeted PAH therapies were used as a novel treatment strategy to successfully manage acute RHF in PAH.
PECULIARITIES IN THE ENDOCRINE RESPONSE TO INSULIN STRESS IN EARLY INFANTILE AUTISM (1975)

Autistic children subjected to the stress of insulin-induced hypoglycemia showed slower recovery of blood glucose, and faster and intractable cortisol response in the 3 hours following the stress. These data suggest that autistic children over-react to this stressor and support clinical evidence of stress intolerance. It is suggested that this peculiarity may be implicated in an explanation of the abnormal behavior seen in this disorder.
Phenyl tris(3-tert-butylpyrazolyl)borato complexes of lithium and thallium, [PhTpBut]M (M = Li, Tl): a novel structure for a monomeric tris(pyrazolyl)boratothallium complex and a study of its stereochemical nonrigidity by 1H and 205Tl NMR spectroscopy (1999)

The syntheses and structures of the phenyl substituted tris(3-tert-butylpyrazolyl)borato complexes, [PhTpBut]M (M = Li, Tl, H), are reported. In contrast to other monomeric [TpRR′]Tl derivatives, which exhibit symmetric tridentate coordination of the tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligand, [PhTpBut]Tl exhibits an unprecedented structure. Specifically, one of the tert-butylpyrazolyl groups is rotated by ca. 90° and the Tl interacts with the nitrogen attached directly to the boron via a p-orbital component of the aromatic π-system of the pyrazolyl nucleus. [PhTpBut]Tl is stereochemically nonrigid on the NMR spectroscopic timescale in solution at room temperature, but cooling to ca. –80 °C slows down the dynamic processes sufficiently to allow “axial” and “equatorial” isomers to be identified, with the descriptors denoting the position of the pyrazolyl group relative to the boat configuration of the six-membered [BN4Tl] ring.