gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IGAP: secure group management protocol for multicast content delivering network (2005)

We propose a secure group management protocol for a multicast CDN (content delivering network) service. The protocol is IGAP (Internet group membership authentication protocol), which capable of accurate accounting to a user access to IP multicast groups. In IGAP, user authentication process synchronizes a group membership operation. IGAP is designed to be used in a controlled or managed IPv4 multicast environment, when authentication and accounting are required to access the network. The user authentication information in IGAP enables a provider to control the distribution of the multicast traffic as well as to collect real time user accounting information.
Diesel Fuel Fired Heaters (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The term “diesel fuel fired heaters” has come to represent a complete market of air and coolant heaters which use diesel fuel as their primary power supply. Their purpose is to provide an independent heat source for any system which has diesel fuel and battery power available. The application of this technology varies greatly and has been used for everything from auxiliary heat in the treatment areas of ambulances to the replacement of engine idling as the primary heat source for the engine and cab compartment of over the road trucks during layovers, deliveries and breaks.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Diesel fuel fired heater technology was developed in Europe in the 1940's. Since its inception, the technology has become widely accepted and the market for these products has grown significantly throughout Europe. In the 1980's, the technology and its associated products were imported into the North American market. Market differences and performance issues have hampered the products acceptance to date. Manufacturers that have failed to recognize and adjust for the differences in market expectations, fuel composition, operating voltages, and system complexity, have given the industry a black eye. As 1994 approaches with its new EPA requirements and the inherent introduction of new, more efficient, engines which produce less heat, the need for diesel fuel fired heaters will become even greater and the application of them will become more sophisticated.</div>
Passive Smoking and Plasma Fibrinogen Concentrations (1996)

To examine the effect of passive smoking on plasma fibrinogen, a coronary risk factor, a cross-sectional study was conducted between 1990 and 1993 for 1,780 Japanese women aged 45-74 years who resided in Kyowa town, Ibaraki-ken, Japan. Fibrinogen concentrations controlling for age, body mass index, ethanol intake, serum total cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and menopausal status were 8.6 (95% confidence interval 1.6-15.6) mg/dl higher in women exposed passively to smoking outside the home (n = 435) and 11.2 (95% confidence interval 3.0-19.3) mg/dl higher in women exposed both in and outside the home (n = 272) than in women unexposed in either location (n = 524). These effects of passive smoking were about 40-60% of that of current active smoking. An effect of passive smoking at home only was small and not statistically significant. The association between fibrinogen and passive smoking was primarily observed in women aged 45-59 years but not in those aged 60-74 years. Passive smoking may raise the risk of coronary heart disease partly by increasing plasma fibrinogen concentrations.
Acetylenic Amides. I. Synthesis of N-Substituted-2-propynamides (1993)

Abstract The efficient synthesis of N-substituted-2-propynamides was accomplished by three methods; the reaction of amines with either the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester or mixed anhydride of propiolic acid, or by the interaction of lithiotrimethylsilylacetylene with isocyanates followed by desilation with fluoride.
Water as Solvent in Polyimide Synthesis II: Processable Aromatic Polyimides (2006)

Some representative thermal, chemical and mechanical characteristics of ‘commercial type’ polyimides are presented in this second paper in a series on using water as solvent in polyimide synthesis. The commercial types of polyimide that have been produced in this study are closely related to Kapton, Upilex R®, Upilex S®, Avimid N® and PMR-15. The chemical characterization of these materials using both nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier Transform infrared indicate very pure and fully imidized products. The thermal and mechanical data from techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis reveal properties that are at least, equivalent to their commercial counterparts. Some improvement in processability is noted in pure materials, mixtures and chemically modified analogues of these well known polyimides. In addition this highly efficient one-pot method potentially provides economic advantages through low solvent cost and environmental impact benefits.
Optimal Extent of Resection in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: Relationship to Recurrence and Facial Nerve Preservation (2006)

Surgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma is targeted at complete removal with preserved neurological function. Complete removal may cause significant deficits, whereas subtotal tumor removal is associated with a high recurrence rate. The present study assessed the risk of tumor recurrence and postoperative facial nerve function in relation to the extent of surgical resection by reviewing the clinical records and radiological findings of 116 patients with vestibular schwannoma treated between 1990 and 1999. The extent of resection was classified as follows: gross total resection (GTR), near total resection (NTR), and subtotal resection (STR). Facial nerve function was graded using the modified House-Brackmann grade, and patients grouped into good (grades 1-2) and intermediate or poor (grades 3-6). Of the 116 patients, 26 (22%) underwent GTR, 32 (28%) NTR, and 58 (50%) STR. The recurrence rates were 3.8% (1/26 cases), 9.4% (3/32), and 27.6% (16/58) for GTR, NTR, and STR, respectively. GTR and NTR showed no statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence rate (p=0.620). However, recurrence was significantly less after NTR than STR (p=0.043). Immediately postoperative facial nerve function was good in 15.4% of patients after GTR, 40.6% after NTR, and 46.6% after STR. The STR and NTR carried a lower risk of facial nerve palsy than GTR in the immediately postoperative stage (p=0.006 and 0.036, respectively). Nevertheless, no statistical significance was observed in extent of resection and postoperative facial nerve outcome between the groups at last follow up (p=0.227). GTR is the ideal surgical treatment for vestibular schwannoma, but NTR is a good option, with better facial nerve function preservation than GTR without significantly increasing the risk of recurrence.
Determination of Cavity Loss in Proton Implanted Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (1998)

The cavity loss and the threshold gain of the proton implanted 780-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL)s are determined by varying the mirror loss with optical feedback. Taking the nonlinear gain effect into account, the total internal loss of α t = 68 cm -1 and the threshold modal gain of g th = 89 cm -1 are obtained in a gain guided VCSEL whose diameter is 15 µm. This method can handle the cases of large optical feedback or large threshold gain where the nonlinear gain effect becomes significant. Unlike the other methods, our approach works well for gain-guided lasers where thermal effect generates unreliable values of differential quantum efficiency.
Correlation of skin, nasal and inhalation tests with the IgE in the serum, nasal fluid and sputum (1972)

Summary In the course of developing a planned treatment by hyposensitization, still undergoing clinical trials, a system was devised which might be used in assessing respiratory allergies. The sensitivity of the patient assessed by skin, topical nasal instillation and inhalation tests was related to the appearance of IgE‐staining cells in the nasal secretion and sputum after a successful challenge test, and the correlation of IgE in the serum and nasal fluid. The presence of increased eosinophil cell content and the demonstration of IgE in the nasal secretion or sputum associated with a positive clinical response after the challenge test, confirmed the sensitivity to a particular allergen. Raised levels of IgE in the serum of allergic patients corresponded to the size of the skin test reactions but not necessarily to the quantity of IgE appearing in the nasal fluid or sputum.
Identification of a major cis-acting DNA element controlling the bidirectionally transcribed penicillin biosynthesis genes acvA (pcbAB) and ipnA (pcbC) of Aspergillus nidulans (1996)

The beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin is produced as a secondary metabolite by some filamentous fungi. In this study, the molecular regulation of the Aspergillus (Emericella) nidulans penicillin biosynthesis genes acvA (pcbAB) and ipnA (pcbC) was analyzed. acvA and ipnA are divergently oriented and separated by an intergenic region of 872 bp. Translational fusions of acvA and ipnA with the two Escherichia coli reporter genes lacZ and uidA enabled us to measure the regulation of both genes simultaneously. A moving-window analysis of the 872-bp intergenic region indicated that the divergently oriented promoters are, at least in part, overlapping and share common regulatory elements. Removal of nucleotides -353 to -432 upstream of the acvA gene led to a 10-fold increase of acvA-uidA expression and simultaneously to a reduction of ipnA-lacZ expression to about 30%. Band shift assays and methyl interference analysis using partially purified protein extracts revealed that a CCAAT-containing DNA element within this region was specifically bound by a protein (complex), which we designated PENR1, for penicillin regulator. Deletion of 4 bp within the identified protein binding site caused the same contrary effects on acvA and ipnA expression as observed for all of the deletion clones which lacked nucleotides -353 to -432. The PENR1 binding site thus represents a major cis-acting DNA element. The intergenic regions of the corresponding genes of the beta-lactam-producing fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and Acremonium chrysogenum also diluted the complex formed between the A. nidulans probe and PENR1 in vitro, suggesting that these beta-lactam biosynthesis genes are regulated by analogous DNA elements and proteins.
Frequency response of nonlinear networks using curve tracing algorithm (2003)

For designing of nonlinear circuits, it is very important to know the frequency response characteristics and the intermodulation. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for calculating the characteristic curves of nonlinear circuits, which is based on the harmonic balance method and a curve tracing algorithm for solving the determining equation. Firstly, applying the harmonic balance method to each element in the circuit, we obtain the determining equation which is realized by two coupled resistive circuits corresponding to the sine and cosine components. Then, the frequency response characteristic curve is calculated by solving the circuit with a STC (solution curve tracing circuit) of Spice.
Caries prediction – state of the art (1997)

This paper considers the question of whether, by using the currently available measures for assessing caries risk, one can identify with sufficient accuracy the high caries-risk susceptible individuals who need individual protection to avoid having an unacceptably high number of new cavities. In addition, the outline of a typical caries prediction study is presented with an example, Finally, the accuracy of an actual caries prediction is compared with the accuracy of predicting the onset of acute myocardial infarction in order to point out the fact that the risk of any disease is difficult to assess accurately.
Vestibular prostheses: The engineering and biomedical issues (2003)

Currently available data demonstrate the need for balance prostheses. Recent technological and biomedical advances now make it feasible to produce miniaturized sensors, signal processors, electric stimulators, and stimulating electrodes that are roughly analogous to a cochlear implant but which provide information about self motion, instead of sound. Many areas require work before balance prostheses become a reality. Some of these include: the development of a motion sensor array, the conversion of the sensed motion into physiologically meaningful information, the delivery of the transformed information to the CNS, the training of vestibular deficient individuals to use the prosthesis, and developing methods to evaluate the efficacy of the device. In this “white paper”, we consider these issues in the context of prototype baseline prosthetic devices.
N-Glycans Mediate the Apical Sorting of a Gpi-Anchored, Raft-Associated Protein in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells (1999)

Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)- anchored proteins are preferentially transported to the apical cell surface of polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. It has been assumed that the GPI anchor itself acts as an apical determinant by its interaction with sphingolipid-cholesterol rafts. We modified the rat growth hormone (rGH), an unglycosylated, unpolarized secreted protein, into a GPI-anchored protein and analyzed its surface delivery in polarized MDCK cells. The addition of a GPI anchor to rGH did not lead to an increase in apical delivery of the protein. However, addition of N-glycans to GPI-anchored rGH resulted in predominant apical delivery, suggesting that N-glycans act as apical sorting signals on GPI-anchored proteins as they do on transmembrane and secretory proteins. In contrast to the GPI-anchored rGH, a transmembrane form of rGH which was not raft-associated accumulated intracellularly. Addition of N-glycans to this chimeric protein prevented intracellular accumulation and led to apical delivery.
A Concise Synthesis of (S)-2-(Fluorodiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine: A Novel Organocatalyst for the Stereoselective Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes (2010)

A concise synthesis of (S)-2-(fluorodiphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine from cheap, commercially available starting materials is described. Pertinent features of this synthetic route include ease of synthesis, facile purification steps, and an operationally simple deoxy­fluorination step to install the C-F bond.
Stereoselective hydroxyalkylations of (<i>S</i>)‐2‐azetidinecarboxylic acid (1990)

Abstract The enolate generated from S ‐phenyl ( S )‐1‐benzyl‐2‐azetidinecarbothioate is converted into racemic products 2 by treatment with electrophiles. The bicyclic oxazolidinone derivative 12 has been prepared from trimethylsilyl ( S )‐1‐(trimethylsilyl)‐2‐azetidinecarboxylate ( 11 ) and pivalaldehyde without racemization. Addition of 12 to aldehydes and hydrolysis gives the products 13 a‐h . The structure of the adduct 13 h from 4‐pyridinecarbaldehyde was determined by X‐ray crystal structure analysis, proving that the trigonal centers of the bicyclic enolate and of the aldehyde have combined with relative topicity unlike . Thus, the reaction resembles that of the homologous proline derivative described previously, and the novel products are formally D ‐ allo ‐threonines with an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen and the adjacent carbon atoms (Scheme 4) and with absolute configuration R , R . The mechanism of the C  C bond‐forming reaction is discussed.
Voltages across an area of a network (2012)

Summary form only given. We define the voltage across an area of a resistive network by suitably combining voltages at buses (nodes) on the border of the area. The new voltage across the area satisfies circuit laws. The same concept works to define the voltage angle difference across an area of a DC load flow network and the complex voltage difference across an area of an AC load flow network. We first define the voltage across a cutset of lines, and then derive and explain the voltages across areas, including generalizations to several voltages across an area and multiple areas. The new voltages across areas seem promising for both power system monitoring and network reduction, and we describe their application to monitoring area stress.
Radio frequency sputtering of tungsten/tungsten nitride multilayers on GaAs (1990)

Thick tungsten nitride films have been deposited on GaAs substrates using a reactive rf-sputtering system. The optical indexes of the WNx films (determined by in situ kinetic ellipsometry) and their nitrogen contents (determined by Rutherford backscattering), have been determined versus the pressure ratio PN2/Ptot. Using reactive sputtering conditions which provide highly nitrogenated films, W/WNx twenty period multilayers with nanometric layer thicknesses have been deposited. The experiment has also been monitored in situ by kinetic ellipsometry at 1.96 eV and the multilayer has been analyzed ex situ by grazing x-ray reflection measurements at 1.54 Å. The composition of the different layers has been determined precisely by Rutherford backscattering analysis. Both W–WNx and WNx–W interfaces in the multilayer appear very sharp by kinetic ellipsometry. This is confirmed by the occurrence of well defined Bragg peaks on the grazing x-ray reflectivity curves in spite of the low density contrast between W and WNx layers.
Using masks, suffix array-based data structures and multidimensional arrays to compute positional ngram statistics from corpora (2003)

This paper describes an implementation to compute positional ngram statistics (i.e. Frequency and Mutual Expectation) based on masks, suffix array-based data structures and multidimensional arrays. Positional ngrams are ordered sequences of words that represent continuous or discontinuous substrings of a corpus. In particular, the positional ngram model has shown successful results for the extraction of discontinuous collocations from large corpora. However, its computation is heavy. For instance, 4.299.742 positional ngrams (n=1..7) can be generated from a 100.000-word size corpus in a seven-word size window context. In comparison, only 700.000 ngrams would be computed for the classical ngram model. It is clear that huge efforts need to be made to process positional ngram statistics in reasonable time and space. Our solution shows O(h(F) N log N) time complexity where N is the corpus size and h(F) a function of the window context.
Developmental and Genetic Influences upon Gender Differences in Methamphetamine‐Induced Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity (2004)

A bstract : The gonadal steroid hormone estrogen (E) may play an important role in sex differences in methamphetamine (MA)‐induced neurotoxicity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) system because E can serve as a neuroprotectant in female, but not male, mice. Gonadal steroid hormones also exert important organizational/developmental effects upon the brain at critical developmental periods. In Part 1 we assessed whether organizational (neonatal) or developmental (prepubertal) effects of gonadal steroids would alter gender/E‐dependent neuroprotection of MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity. Attempts to feminize male mice by gonadectomy at either the neonatal or prepubertal period failed to enable E to function as a neuroprotectant within the adult male mouse. Attempts to masculinize the female by testosterone administration at the neonatal period did not abolish the capacity for E to function as a neuroprotectant. However, prepubertal gonadectomy of female mice did disrupt E's capacity to serve as a neuroprotectant. These results suggest that genetic sex may prove the primary determinant for the sex differences observed in response to MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity. In Part 2 we examined whether gender differences in response to MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity would interact with a specific genetic alteration in a neurotrophic factor, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Female and male mice that were either deficient (+/− BDNF) or overexpressing (DBH:BDNF+) BDNF were treated with MA. Sex differences in MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity remained present in +/− BDNF mice and were less severe as compared with their wild‐type controls. A similar result was obtained in mice that overexpress BDNF, with female and mutant mice showing less NSDA neurotoxicity. In both BDNF‐deficient mice and mice that overexpress BDNF, the relative degree of MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity was lower in males. Taken together, these results suggest that a selective alteration in BDNF expression offers some neuroprotective potential against MA‐induced NSDA neurotoxicity, and the relative degree of this neuroprotection may interact with the gender of the subject.
Untitled (Article) (1986)

News| November 01 1986 Untitled (Article) David Trend David Trend Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Afterimage (1986) 14 (4): 3. https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1986.14.4.3 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation David Trend; Untitled (Article). Afterimage 1 November 1986; 14 (4): 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1986.14.4.3 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAfterimage Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1986 by The Regents of the University of California1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
High-speed multicarrier transmission scheme for implantable medical devices (2011)

A high data rate wireless transmission scheme, utilizing the Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) band for implantable medical devices (IMD) is proposed. An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based multicarrier scheme is used to overcome the data rate limitation caused by the narrow bandwidth. By optimizing subcarrier allocation, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) architecture and sidelobe suppression techniques, the proposed scheme utilizes multiple MICS channels simultaneously, satisfying the MICS mask specification. Simulation results show that this scheme can support a maximum data rate of 4.86Mbps, which is more than ten times faster than the existing system.
Mechanism of action of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. (1990)

Organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides are toxic to insects and mammals by virtue of their ability to inactivate the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This review addresses the mechanism of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphorus and carbamate esters, focusing on structural requirements necessary for anticholinesterase activity. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by these compounds is discussed in terms of reactivity and steric effects. The role of metabolic activation or degradation in the overall intoxication process is also discussed.