gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel scheme for transmitting QPSK as a single-sideband signal (2002)

A novel modulation scheme for transmitting QPSK as a single sideband (SSB) signal is presented. While the theoretical spectral efficiency of the new scheme, SSB-QPSK, is identical to that of QPSK or SSB (i.e. 2 bps/Hz), it is shown that for a Rayleigh-fading mobile radio channel, SSB-QPSK is more robust to equalization imperfections than either QPSK or SSB. Additionally, it is shown that the envelope variation of SSB-QPSK is about 6 dB less than that for QPSK. For a flat Rayleigh fading channel with a one-tap equalizer, it is found that SSB-QPSK is more robust to equalizer phase errors than either QPSK or SSB. The performance in a frequency-selective Rayleigh-fading channel is evaluated with a linear equalizer, in which case it is found that if the equalizer fails to remove all the ISI, the residual ISI (and hence the BER as E/sub b//N/sub 0//spl rarr//spl infin/) is lower for SSB-QPSK compared to QPSK.
Sintering and varistor characteristics of ZnO-Bi2O3 ceramics (1980)

The sintering behavior of binary ZnO ceramics (containing 0.01–1 mol% of added Bi2O3) showed that densification in the initial stage of sintering and grain growth of the ZnO matrix are enhanced in the presence of a liquid Bi2O3 phase. Exaggerated grain growth of ZnO was observed above 1100 °C and in mixtures containing as low as 0.05 mol % Bi2O3. Volatilization loss of Bi2O3 during sintering affected the microstructure of the sintered ceramics and resulted in the loss of varistor property and return to Ohmic behavior and high conductivity (∼1 Ω−1 cm−1). A simple microstructural model which predicts that the minimum content of Bi2O3 required to maintain varistor behavior is proportional to the thickness of intergranular layer and inversely proportional to the average grain size of the ZnO.
Cl <sup>-</sup> Channels in CF: Lack of Activation by Protein Kinase C and cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase (1989)

Secretory chloride channels can be activated by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase in normal airway epithelial cells but not in cells from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). In excised, inside-out patches of apical membrane of normal human airway cells and airway cells from three patients with CF, the chloride channels exhibited a characteristic outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation and depolarization-induced activation. Channels from normal tissues were activated by both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C. However, chloride channels from CF patients could not be activated by either kinase. Thus, gating of normal epithelial chloride channels is regulated by both cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C, and regulation by both kinases is defective in CF.
Actual condition and problem of visitor use in Jozankei National Forest, Japan (2004)

Jozankei National Forest, a part of the Shikotsu Toya National Park, is located in a mountainous area about 30 km south of central Sapporo. The forest is managed by selective cutting based on highdensity forest road network. Because of the roads, visitor access is easier than it is in other surrounding forests. From spring to autumn in 2003, visitor flows were monitored at two entrances of the forest road network using Trail Traffic Counter. There was a remarkable visitor concentration in spring and the behaviour of visitor varied at each season. It was considered that the reason for the difference could be the different purposes of visits to the park as well as the characteristics of the forests visited.
Advanced 3D imaging of complex geoelectrical structures using towed streamer EM data over the Mariner field in the North Sea (2015)

Towed streamer electromagnetic (EM) data acquired at the Mariner heavy oilfield in the UK sector of the North Sea have been inverted using a fast and efficient 3D anisotropic inversion code. The towed streamer EM system was towed from a single vessel. The system consisted of a horizontal bipole source and electrode sensors housed in a streamer cable. This enabled a densely sampled grid of data over the subsurface volume of interest. The purpose was to estimate the resistivity structure in a volume including the Maureen and Heimdal reservoir structures in the Mariner complex. The 3D inversion algorithm is based on the contraction integral equation method and utilizes a re-weighted regularized conjugate gradient technique to minimize an objective functional (e.g., Zhdanov et al., 2014). A moving sensitivity domain approach is introduced to handle the large amount of data over the large area (Zhdanov, 2010; Zhdanov and Cox, 2012; Zhdanov et al., 2014; Cox and Zhdanov, 2014). This inversion method is proven to be fast and efficient and is here shown to be suitable for towed streamer EM data from complex geological environments such as the Mariner area. In this case, the final 3D resistivity cube after inversion and with a corresponding normalized misfit of 5.4% correlates well with the expected structure from seismic data and well logs. In particular, the 3D inversion was able to extract an anomaly with vertical and horizontal resistivities of 8-10 and 4-5 Ohm-m, respectively, corresponding to the Maureen and Heimdal reservoirs close to the resistive chalk and basement. The run time on a PC cluster was only seven hours for the full 3D inversion with data from all survey lines covering the area of interest.
Thiocarbamate‐linked peptides by chemoselective peptide ligation (2008)

Peptide chemical ligation chemistries, which allow the chemoselective coupling of unprotected peptide fragments, are useful tools for synthesizing native polypeptides or unnatural peptide-based macromolecules. We show here that the phenylthiocarbonyl group can be easily introduced into peptides on alpha or epsilon amino groups using phenylthiochloroformate and standard solid-phase method. It reacts chemoselectively with cysteinyl peptides to give an alkylthiocarbamate bond. S,N-shift of the alkylaminocarbonyl group from the Cys side chain to the alpha-amino group did not occur. The method was used for linking two peptide chains through their N-termini, for the synthesis of a cyclic peptide or for the synthesis of di- or tetravalent multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs). Thiocarbamate ligation is thus complementary to thioether, thioester or disulfide ligation methods.
An Examination of the Effectiveness of Domestic Violence Coordinating Councils (2005)

The community response to domestic violence has been characterized by a lack of coordination across systems. Recent efforts have focused on bringing together stakeholders from an array of community sectors to promote a comprehensive response. Coordinating councils are commonly employed to encourage such a response, yet little is known about the extent to which they effectively promote community change. This study examined 41 councils in one state to better understand (a) the types of issues they addressed, (b) the extent to which they reported accomplishing their goals, and (c) the degree to which councils' climate and membership influenced the extent to which they achieved their goals within the criminal justice system and in other community sectors (e.g., health care, human service).
A new description of second‐order coherence phenomena in the space‐frequency domain (1980)

A new representation is obtained for the cross‐spectral density function of stationary optical wavefields. We show that under very general conditions it is possible to construct an ensemble of monochromatic wave functions, all of the same frequency ω, with the property that the cross‐spectral density function W(r−1,r−2,ω) of the field is expressible as a correlation between the values of the wave functions at the points r−1 and r−2. The representation is intimately related to a new mode expansion of the field and has a number of potential applications to various problems that involve wavefields of any state of coherence.
Polyurethane elastomers with hydrolytic and thermooxidative stability. II. Polyurethanes with n‐alkylated polyurethane soft blocks (1990)

Abstract Block copolyurethanes with N ‐alkylated polyurethanes as nonself‐associating soft segments are prepared. The polymers compare well in hydrolytic stability with block copoly( N ‐alkylamide urethane)s prepared in an earlier study but have better dimensional stability on exposure to moist heat. They show comparable hydrolytic stability and better oxidative stability than a poly(ether urethane) from the earlier study. The effect of different alkyl substituents on tensile properties and thermostability is studied. The tensile properties are also examined as a function of soft‐segment molecular weight at constant weight‐percent of hard‐block. It is shown that yield stress and ultimate stress increase and elongations decrease as the soft‐block M̄ n increases. DSC measurements do not generally show well defined endotherms with few exceptions but dynamic mechanical testing of some samples does show transitions between 14 and 23°C.
An enhanced routing method with Dijkstra algorithm and AHP analysis in GIS-based emergency plan (2010)

Practical emergency routing plays an important role in emergency response for fire forces. This paper present an enhanced static emergency routing method, combining Dijkstra algorithm and analytical hierarchy process (or AHP) for the emergency planning. Firstly, time length weighted model was build up based on minimum time-consumption criteria, with the consideration of seven important impedance factors that influenced the fire forces' routing. Then AHP was employed to calculate weights of the impedance factors for the model parameters. And then using Dijkstra algorithm to solve the weighted time length model, a new improved routing has then been achieved. Finally the some city's GIS-based emergency routing map was taken as an example, experiments were carried out using the established model to produce the emergency routing for the fire forces. Comparisons between the original Dijkstra algorithm's results and the improved mode's results for the emergency routing has been made, and with the real fire forces' routing experience acquired from age long experiences, improved model's result shows the consistence with real situation. This research meets the urgent need of fire forces, and can be of great help to the emergency planning for the fire forces.
Bone density measurement through electromagnetic waves (2013)

This article presents a proposal to measure the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as a backup in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. An antenna arrangement, tuned to a frequency of general and medical use, is used to measure the relative attenuation of the signal on several samples of bovine bone, silica and bone powder. By implementing a Support Vector Machine (SVM) it is possible to establish patterns to classify the BMD as high or low.
Toward Adaptive and Reflective Middleware for Network-Centric Combat Systems (2001)

Software is increasingly important to the development of effective network-centric Department of Defense combat systems. Next-generation combat systems such as total ship computing environments, coordinated unmanned air vehicle systems, and national missile defense will use many geographically dispersed sensors, provide on-demand situational awareness and actuation capabilities for human operators, and respond flexibly to unanticipated run-time conditions. These combat systems will also increasingly run unobtrusively and autonomously, shielding operators from unnecessary details while communicating and responding to mission-critical information at an accelerated operational tempo. In such environments, it is hard to predict system configurations or workloads. This article describes how adaptive and reflective middleware systems (ARMS) are being developed to bridge the gap between military application programs and the underlying operating systems and communication software to provide reusable services whose qualities are critical to network-centric combat systems. ARMS software can adapt in response to dynamically changing conditions for the purpose of utilizing the available computer and communication resources to the highest degree possible in support of mission needs.
Process Support for Agile Requirements Modeling and Maintenance of E-Projects. (2006)

Process support for the development and maintenance of e-projects in organizations is increasingly important because systems evolve and become entwined with other systems.The focus of this paper is on support that enables constant updating of requirements after an initial set of requirements has been produced.An approach termed Up-front Requirements Modeling for E-projects (URME) aims to provide a process-based approach enabling organizations to react in a timely and appropriate fashion to changing circumstances.It empowers stakeholders to maintain and improve information systems and the services that these systems offer.In particular the paper reports on modifying URME to include a Collaboration Engineering (CE) technique known as thinkLets.Inclusion of thinkLet-based process designs allows for codification and promises re-use of group processes.The paper reports on experiences of applying thinkLets in an existing local government e-project in Alexandria, Egypt.The experience suggests that collaboration engineering concepts such as thinkLets are a suitable extension to URME and can support agile information systems development and maintenance.The research packages and codifies collaboration tasks enabling the potential transfer of competencies like the design and execution of goal oriented meetings.The CE component in the URME approach is needed to empower stakeholders to undertake key collaborative processes that support the achievement of agility and emergence in information systems-based organizations.
[Principles and techniques of plastic surgery in the treatment of patients injuried in the Wenchuan earthquake]. (2009)

Satisfactory functional and cosmetic results can be achieved with the techniques of plastic surgeons. It has also important significance for the psychological recovering of the wounded in the earthquake.
Oxido‐Reductases and Lipases as Dough‐Bleaching Agents (1998)

ABSTRACT To replace benzoyl peroxide as a bread dough‐bleaching agent, pure and commercial oxido‐reductases (peroxidases, catalases, glucose oxidases, lipoxygenase, and laccase) were screened based on degradation of β‐carotene in a liquid system (5 μg of β‐carotene/mL of 0.1 M citrate phosphate buffer at pH 5.5 or 6.5) or dough. Peroxidases had the best bleaching activity; some catalases also showed bleaching potential in a liquid system but not in bread dough, suggesting that screening enzymes in liquid media has limited application for dough. In 100 g of flour, combinations of peroxidase (3,000 U), lipase (815–1,630 U), and linoleic acid (0–300 mg) completely bleached bread dough.
Axially disposed phenyl groups in geminally substituted cyclohexanes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAxially disposed phenyl groups in geminally substituted cyclohexanesDaniel Lednicer and David J. DuchampCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 15, 2311–2313Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00929a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00929a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biological Removal of Chlorate from Bleaching Plant Effluent (1994)

Biological chlorate removal was studied on a laboratory and a pilot scale with the aim of optimizing process design and operating conditions with respect to process efficiency, stability and economy. The results showed a suspended-carrier biofilm process design to be suitable for biological chlorate removal. In the laboratory tests, at pH 7 and 37°C, a complete removal of chlorate could be maintained at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) as short as 24 min. A longer HRT (1.5 h) was required for complete chlorate removal in the pilot test, due to a lower degree of filling with carrier material (25% versus 50% of the reactor volume), higher process temperature, and leakage of oxygen into the process. However, it is assumed that the loading capacity of a large-scale process would approach that of the laboratory system if the operating conditions were the same. Laboratory tests showed chlorate reduction to be possible within a wide range of pH values and temperatures, although the process stability and loading capacity were strongly affected by changes in these parameters. The results of the laboratory and pilot scale studies, using a suspended-carrier process design, show biological treatment to be an economically viable and efficient process for the removal of chlorate from bleaching plant effluents.
Polyamine Receptors Containing Dipyridine or Phenanthroline Units: Clues for the Design of Fluorescent Chemosensors for Metal Ions (2009)

The synthesis of the macrocyclic receptor L1, which contains a tetraamine chain linking the 6,6'-positions of a 2,2'-dipyridine moiety, is reported. Its basicity properties and complexation features toward Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) have been studied in aqueous solutions by means of potentiometric, UV/Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence emission measurements and compared with those of ligand L2, in which a 1,10-phenanthroline moiety replaces the dipyridine unit of L1. In metal coordination, L1 shows a marked selectivity toward Cd(II) over Zn(II) and Pb(II). The crystal structures of its metal complexes shows that L1 possesses a preferential tetradentate binding site for metal cations, composed of the dipyridine unit and the two adjacent benzylic amine groups. This binding site has the proper dimension and conformation to selectively coordinate the Cd(II) ion, as confirmed by DFT calculations carried out on the complexes. This coordinative zone is lost in L2. The rigidity of phenanthroline does not allow the simultaneous binding of both the benzylic amine groups to Zn(II) and Cd(II) and, in fact, one benzylic amine is not coordinated to these metal cations. The fluorescence emission properties of the L1 and L2 complexes are strongly pH dependent. Only the Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with L1 display fluorescence emission at neutral pH. This feature is related to the formation in solution at pH 7 of emissive protonated complexes of the type [M(H(x)L)]((2+x)+) (x=1-3), in which all the nitrogen donors are involved in metal or proton binding. The emissive characteristics of these protonated complexes are confirmed by the fluorescence emission spectra collected on the [Zn(HL1)Br][ClO(4)](2) and [Cd(HL1)Br][ClO(4)](2) solid compounds dissolved in CH(3)CN. Conversely, the Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with L2 are not emissive; in fact, they contain a benzylic amine group not involved in metal or proton binding that can quench the fluorescence emission of the fluorophore, thanks to a photoinduced electron-transfer process.
The Schiff Base Counterion of Bacteriorhodopsin is Protonated in Sensory Rhodopsin I: Spectroscopic and Functional Characterization of the Mutants D76N and D76A (1994)

Both sensory rhodopsin I (SR-I), a phototaxis receptor, and bacteriorhodopsin (BR), a light-driven proton pump, share residues which have been identified as critical for BR functioning. This includes Asp76, which in the case of bacteriorhodopsin (Asp85) functions both as the Schiff base counterion and proton acceptor. We found that substituting an Asn for Asp76 (D76N) in SR-I has no effect on its visible absorption unlike the analogous mutation (D85N) in BR which shifts the absorption to longer wavelengths. The mutated proteins D76N and D76A are also fully functional as phototaxis receptors in contrast to BR, where the analogous substitutions block proton transport. D76N was also found to exhibit a spectrally normal SR587-->S373 transition. However, FTIR difference spectroscopy reveals that two bands in the SR587-->S373 difference spectrum at 1766/1749 cm-1 (negative/positive), assigned to the C=O stretch mode of a carboxylic acid, disappear in D76N, although no changes are observed in the carboxylate region. In addition, the kinetics and yield of this photoreaction are altered. On this basis, it is concluded that, unlike Asp85 in bacteriorhodopsin, Asp76 is protonated in SR-I and undergoes an increase in its hydrogen bonding during the SR587-->S373 transition. This model accounts for the difference in color of SR-I and BR and the finding that Asn can substitute for Asp76 without greatly altering the SR-I phenotype. Interestingly, parallels exist between this residue and Asp83 in the visual receptor rhodopsin which has recently been found to exist in a protonated form and to undergo an almost identical change in hydrogen bonding during rhodopsin activation.
The Effects of Music in Advertising on Choice Behavior: A Classical Conditioning Approach (1982)

Do features like humor, sex, color, and music in a commercial merely increase our attention to product information in a message, or can they directly influence our attitudes? The results of an experiment using a classical conditioning approach suggest that hearing liked or disliked music while being exposed to a product can directly affect product preferences. A second experiment differentiated communication situations where a classical conditioning approach or an information processing approach might be appropriate in explaining product preference.
Multiuser detection scheme for TDMA mobile systems using spatial diversity and MMSE decision-feedback receiver (2003)

We present a multiuser detection scheme to increase the capacity of generic TDMA mobile systems. This scheme allows two users to occupy the same time slot for up-link transmission. At the base station, we employ spatial diversity reception and a T/2-spaced filterbank structure to implement an MIMO DFE receiver which is optimized under the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. Through computer simulation, it is shown that as the number of antennas increases, the performance for both users can be improved significantly. Other issues like training sequence design and power control are also addressed.
Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol in a Continuous Anaerobic Reactor Augmented with <i>Desulfitobacterium frappieri</i> PCP-1 (1999)

In this work, a strain of anaerobic pentachlorophenol (PCP) degrader, Desulfitobacterium frappieri PCP-1, was used to augment a mixed bacterial community of an anaerobic upflow sludge bed reactor degrading PCP. To estimate the efficiency of augmentation, the population of PCP-1 in the reactor was enumerated by a competitive PCR technique. The PCP-1 strain appeared to compete well with other microorganisms of the mixed bacterial community, with its population increasing from 10(6) to 10(10) cells/g of volatile suspended solids within a period of 70 days. Proliferation of strain PCP-1 allowed for a substantial increase of the volumetric PCP load from 5 to 80 mg/liter of reaction volume/day. A PCP removal efficiency of 99% and a dechlorination efficiency of not less than 90.5% were observed throughout the experiment, with 3-Cl-phenol and phenol being observable dechlorination intermediates.