gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal glioma stem cells are maintained by activated glycolytic metabolism involving aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (2013)

Tumor heterogeneity of high-grade glioma (HGG) is recognized by four clinically relevant subtypes based on core gene signatures. However, molecular signaling in glioma stem cells (GSCs) in individual HGG subtypes is poorly characterized. Here we identified and characterized two mutually exclusive GSC subtypes with distinct dysregulated signaling pathways. Analysis of mRNA profiles distinguished proneural (PN) from mesenchymal (Mes) GSCs and revealed a pronounced correlation with the corresponding PN or Mes HGGs. Mes GSCs displayed more aggressive phenotypes in vitro and as intracranial xenografts in mice. Further, Mes GSCs were markedly resistant to radiation compared with PN GSCs. The glycolytic pathway, comprising aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family genes and in particular ALDH1A3, were enriched in Mes GSCs. Glycolytic activity and ALDH activity were significantly elevated in Mes GSCs but not in PN GSCs. Expression of ALDH1A3 was also increased in clinical HGG compared with low-grade glioma or normal brain tissue. Moreover, inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated the growth of Mes but not PN GSCs. Last, radiation treatment of PN GSCs up-regulated Mes-associated markers and down-regulated PN-associated markers, whereas inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated an irradiation-induced gain of Mes identity in PN GSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that two subtypes of GSCs, harboring distinct metabolic signaling pathways, represent intertumoral glioma heterogeneity and highlight previously unidentified roles of ALDH1A3-associated signaling that promotes aberrant proliferation of Mes HGGs and GSCs. Inhibition of ALDH1A3-mediated pathways therefore might provide a promising therapeutic approach for a subset of HGGs with the Mes signature.
Versatile reconstruction framework for diffraction tomography with intensity measurements and multiple scattering (2018)

Taking benefit from recent advances in both phase retrieval and estimation of refractive indices from holographic measurements, we propose a unified framework to reconstruct them from intensity-only measurements. Our method relies on a generic and versatile formulation of the inverse problem and includes sparsity constraints. Its modularity enables the use of a variety of forward models, from simple linear ones to more sophisticated nonlinear ones, as well as various regularizers. We present reconstructions that deploy either the beam-propagation method or the iterative Lippmann-Schwinger model, combined with total-variation regularization. They suggest that our proposed (intensity-only) method can reach the same performance as reconstructions from holographic (complex) data. This is of particular interest from a practical point of view because it allows one to simplify the acquisition setup.
Oxygen‐Regeneration of Discharged Manganese Dioxide Electrode: I . General Phenomena Observed on Thick Powder Electrodes (1990)

The results are obtained in the following conditions: The rate of discharge of the manganese dioxide has been chosen by analogy with the I.E.C. standard for the tape recorder discharge test of LR6 (AA size) alkaline cells. A reduction drain of 25 mA/g of was passed through the electrode for 4000s. The circuit was open for 23h and the electrode is exposed to a pure oxygen atmosphere. The electrode device contains 40 mg of and 160 mg of graphite. Nine industrial samples are studied. Thick manganese dioxide electrode discharged above 0 V/ENH (>1.2 V/Zn/Zn++) can be regenerated by oxygen. The best results are obtained for EMD , with high compacting pressure of pellet, small size of manganese dioxide particles, short diffusion path of oxygen, and large contact surface with gaseous oxygen. When such conditions are fulfilled, the total capacity reaches 1.2 e/Mn. Without oxygen‐regeneration, the capacity measured at 0 V/NHE under argon is about 0.48–0.50 e/Mn. This corresponds to a relative increase of about 250% of its initial capacity. Indeed, these data are related to the described experimental conditions. They must be improved by the use of optimized conditions such as a lower ratio. Above 0.09 V/NHE, there is no significant oxygen‐reoxidation kinetics. This potential is identical to the potential of manganese dioxide during the catalyst decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
Synthesis of 3-keto-6-phenyl-8-methyl-9-oxa-.DELTA.1,2-2-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 3-keto-6-phenyl-8-methyl-9-oxa-.DELTA.1,2-2-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonaneEdward E. Smissman, Peter J. Wirth, and David R. GlynnCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 3, 281–283Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00891a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00891a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fluorinated Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Mold as a New Stamp for Nanoimprint and Soft Lithography (2005)

In this paper, we fabricated a fluorinated organic-inorganic hybrid mold using a nonhydrolytic sol-gel process which can produce a crack-free mold without leaving any trace of solvent. No special chemical treatment of a release layer is needed because the fluorinated hybrid mold has fluorine molecules in the backbone. The other advantages of the hybrid mold are thermal stability over 300 degrees C. The hybrid mold produced from UV nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) was used as a mold for the next UV-NIL and soft lithography without requiring use of an antisticking layer. Various nanometer scale patterns including sub-100 nm patterns could be obtained from the hybrid mold. Nanopatterning processes using this low-cost mold are useful because they preserve the expensive original master.
The ABC transporter BcatrB from <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> exports camalexin and is a virulence factor on <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2009)

Arabidopsis thaliana is known to produce the phytoalexin camalexin in response to abiotic and biotic stress. Here we studied the mechanisms of tolerance to camalexin in the fungus Botrytis cinerea, a necrotrophic pathogen of A. thaliana. Exposure of B. cinerea to camalexin induces expression of BcatrB, an ABC transporter that functions in the efflux of fungitoxic compounds. B. cinerea inoculated on wild-type A. thaliana plants yields smaller lesions than on camalexin-deficient A. thaliana mutants. A B. cinerea strain lacking functional BcatrB is more sensitive to camalexin in vitro and less virulent on wild-type plants, but is still fully virulent on camalexin-deficient mutants. Pre-treatment of A. thaliana with UV-C leads to increased camalexin accumulation and substantial resistance to B. cinerea. UV-C-induced resistance was not seen in the camalexin-deficient mutants cyp79B2/B3, cyp71A13, pad3 or pad2, and was strongly reduced in ups1. Here we demonstrate that an ABC transporter is a virulence factor that increases tolerance of the pathogen towards a phytoalexin, and the complete restoration of virulence on host plants lacking this phytoalexin.
Biochemical Bases of Insect Resistance in Rice Varieties (1986)

Rice plant allelochemics greatly influenced behavior and physiology of striped stemborer (SSB), Chilo suppressalis (Walker), brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), and green leafhopper (GLH), Nephotettix virescens (Distant). Steam distillate extract of resistant 'TKM6' rice plants inhibited SSB oviposition, hatching, and larval development, but susceptible 'Rexoro' plant extract induced oviposition. Oviposition inhibitor in 'TKM6' was identified and synthesized. Extracts of susceptible varieties attracted BPH while those of resistant varieties repelled. Less individuals settled and fed on susceptible 'TN1' plants sprayed with extracts of resistant 'ARC 6650' and 'Ptb 33' varieties than on plants sprayed with 'TN1' extract. Similarly, application of extract of resistant variety 'ASD7' to 'TN1' plants disrupted GLH feeding. Topical application of extracts of resistant rice varieties and nonhost barnyard grass killed more BPH adults than extracts of susceptible plants. BPH biotypes differed in their relative vulnerabilities to extracts of resistant varieties. Gas chromatographic analysis of resistant and susceptible plant extracts revealed qualitative and quantitative differences in volatiles. Major amino acids differed quantitatively in 'Mudgo', 'ASD7', and 'TN1' varieties and their ability to stimulate BPH feeding. All test varieties were suitable for BPH egg-laying but hatchability was low on resistant varieties and barnyard grass. Trans-aconitic acid in barnyard grass parenchymatous tissue reduced BPH hatchability, but not that of GLH.
Toy flying vehicle including sound effect generator (1980)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Scott Dankman, Richard C. Levy, Bryan McCoy; Toy flying vehicle including sound effect generator. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 March 1980; 67 (3): 1093. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.384018 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Improving Cluster Resource Efficiency with Oversubscription (2018)

Volumes of studies on resource scheduling are proposed to improve the efficiency of computing clusters. As users usually overestimate the resource requirements for their jobs, further, most schedulers ignore the dynamic variation of jobs' runtime resource usage, the utilization of real-world clusters is significantly limited. In this paper, we argue that resource oversubscription, which allocates more resources than the physical capacity, is a necessary complement to existing systems. To alleviate resource contention, we augment oversubscription with lightweight prediction and dynamic CPU throttling. We implemented our approach called Datom, which is an extension module of the Apache Mesos cluster manager. We evaluated Datom with real-world video transcoding workloads and simulations with Google cluster trace. The results show that comparing to original Mesos, Datom increased CPU utilization, memory utilization and overall task throughput by up to 22%, 23%, 20% respectively, and shortened jobs' complete time by up to 20%, at the expenses of moderate penalty on job execution.
Modular crossbar switch for large-scale multiprocessor systems (1981)

This paper describes the architecture of an innovative modular crossbar switch for large-scale multiprocessor systems; its modular design principle is given a particularly thorough treatment. The crucial points of this design principle are the utilization of bit-serial buses and an integration of a combination of crosspoints with its own microprogrammed controller, (which is designated as "configurational processor") into a single building block, preferably an IC. This innovative concept allows the implementation of full crossbar switches for systems up to about 128 processors at relatively low cost. The expense of a crossbar for a system with approximately 1024 processing elements is then comparable to that of the other parts of the whole system.
A Meta-Model Approach for the Deployment of Services-oriented Applications (2007)

This paper presents a meta-model based approach to services applications deployment on constrained execution environments (EEs) which contain heterogeneous services implementations. Indeed, the targeted EEs are conceived to be hidden in electrical equipments and so belong to the embedded/reactive domain and to its constraints. The language provided by our meta-model, is called DLSA (deployment language for services applications), which is a services applications language for deployment under the conditions mentioned above. The deployment manager for services applications (DMSA) using our language was implemented to realize and validate our work. Our approach is motivated by a real case from power distribution.
REGIO- AND STEREO-SELECTIVITIES IN THE TITANIUM COMPLEX CATALYZED HYDROBORATION OF CARBON–CARBON DOUBLE BONDS IN VARIOUS UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS (1984)

Abstract The titanium complex prepared from TiCl3 and NaBH4 in THF in the presence of 18-crown-6 promotes the catalytic hydroboration of carbon–carbon double bonds in alkenes, alkadienes and unsaturated ethers with NaBH4, giving sodium organoborates which can be converted into alcohols by oxidation with H2O2/CH3ONa. The reaction proceeds with high regio- and stereo-selectivities.
Droplet Behavior on a Rotating Surface for Atomization-Based Cutting Fluid Application in Micromachining (2010)

The droplet behavior on a rotating surface has been studied to better understand the physics underlying atomized cutting fluid application. To this end, microturning experiments are carried out and the cutting performance evaluated for varying cutting fluids and at different droplet speeds. Microturning experiments indicate that a cutting fluid with low surface tension and low viscosity generates lower cutting temperatures, whereas a fluid with low surface tension and high viscosity generates lower cutting forces. Single-droplet impingement experiments are also conducted on a rotating surface using fluids with different surface tension and viscosity values. Upon impact, the droplet shape is observed to be a function of both the droplet speed and the surface speed. The spreading increases with increased surface speed owing to the tangential momentum added by the rotating surface. Spreading is observed to also increase with a decrease in fluid surface tension and does not change with the fluid viscosity. The evaporation rate is observed to increase for a rotating surface owing to convective heat transfer. Low surface tension and low viscosity are observed to increase the evaporation rate. It is concluded that a fluid with low surface tension and low viscosity is an effective coolant of the cutting zone, whereas a fluid with low surface tension and high viscosity is effective for lubrication.
Identification and characterization of 15 novel GALC gene mutations causing Krabbe disease (2010)

The characterization of the underlying GALC gene lesions was performed in 30 unrelated patients affected by Krabbe disease, an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzyme galactocerebrosidase. The GALC mutational spectrum comprised 33 distinct mutant (including 15 previously unreported) alleles. With the exception of 4 novel missense mutations that replaced evolutionarily highly conserved residues (p.P318R, p.G323R, p.I384T, p.Y490N), most of the newly described lesions altered mRNA processing. These included 7 frameshift mutations (c.61delG, c.408delA, c.521delA, c.1171_1175delCATTCinsA, c.1405_1407delCTCinsT, c.302_308dupAAATAGG, c.1819_1826dupGTTACAGG), 3 nonsense mutations (p.R69X, p.K88X, p.R127X) one of which (p.K88X) mediated the skipping of exon 2, and a splicing mutation (c.1489+1G>A) which induced the partial skipping of exon 13. In addition, 6 previously unreported GALC polymorphisms were identified. The functional significance of the novel GALC missense mutations and polymorphisms was investigated using the MutPred analysis tool. This study, reporting one of the largest genotype-phenotype analyses of the GALC gene so far performed in a European Krabbe disease cohort, revealed that the Italian GALC mutational profile differs significantly from other populations of European origin. This is due in part to a GALC missense substitution (p.G553R) that occurs at high frequency on a common founder haplotype background in patients originating from the Naples region.
Time for mining law fact-check (2014)

A rhetorical arms race was triggered in September with two changes to laws governing the resources sector.
A comparative study of the prostanoid receptor profile of 9α11β‐prostaglandin F<sub>2</sub> and prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> (1991)

1. The aim of this study was to determine the receptor profile of 9 alpha 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 (PGF2) and compare it with that of its parent, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). The experiments were designed to overcome the problems associated with the presence of multiple prostanoid receptor sub-types in most tissues; the lack of selective antagonists for each receptor means that conclusions regarding efficacy at FP and EP2 receptors must remain provisional. 2. At DP receptors in human platelets and rabbit jugular vein, PGD2 was a full agonist, p[A50] 7.02 +/- 0.09 and 6.60 +/- 0.12 respectively. 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 was approximately 30-60 fold less potent than PGD2. 3. 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 was a full agonist in the FP receptor containing preparation, cat iris sphincter (p [A50] 7.35 +/- 0.09) comparable in potency to PGD2 (p[A50] 7.15 +/- 0.19). Likewise the two prostanoids showed similar potency at the TP receptor in guinea-pig aorta (9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 p[A50] 6.00 +/- 0.07; PGD2 6.24 +/- 0.08). 4. 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 and PGD2 had efficacy but low potency at EP1 receptors (guinea-pig oesophageal muscularis mucosa) and demonstrated 2000-3000 fold lower potency than PGE2 (p[A50] 8.35 +/- 0.09). Similarly, in the EP2 receptor-containing preparation, cat trachea, 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 was 3500 fold less potent and PGD2 700 fold less potent than PGE2 (p[A50] 8.06 +/- 0.26). 5. 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 and PGD2 (10 microM) were without affinity at the IP receptors on human platelets and had no agonist action in the EP3 receptor containing preparation, guinea-pig vas deferens. 6. 9 alpha 11 beta,-PGF2 is a major metabolite of PGD2 in vivo and this conversion clearly represents an inactivation step since 9 alpha 11 beta-PGF2 is of considerably lower potency than PGD2 at DP receptors. However, it is of similar potency to PGD2 at TP, FP, EP1 and EP2 receptors and it may, therefore, contribute to the biological effects which follow PGD2 administration or endogenous synthesis; its actions at these receptors are likely to be similar to those of PGD2 itself.
Bacteriophage Resistance of a Δ <i>thyA</i> Mutant of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> Blocked in DNA Replication (2002)

The thyA gene, which encodes thymidylate synthase (TS), of Lactococcus lactis CHCC373 was sequenced, including the upstream and downstream regions. We then deleted part of thyA by gene replacement. The resulting strain, MBP71 deltathyA, was devoid of TS activity, and in media without thymidine, such as milk, there was no detectable dTTP pool in the cells. Hence, DNA replication was abolished, and acidification by MBP71 was completely unaffected by the presence of nine different phages tested at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1. Nonreplicating MBP71 must be inoculated at a higher level than CHCC373 to achieve a certain pH within a specified time. For a pH of 5.2 to be reached in 6 h, the inoculation level of MBP71 must be 17-fold higher than for CHCC373. However, by adding a limiting amount of thymidine this could be lowered to just 5-fold the normal amount, while acidification was unaffected with MBP71 up to an MOI of 0.01. It was found that nonreplicating MBP71 produced largely the same products as CHCC373, though the acetaldehyde production of the former was higher.
Zeitgeschichte aus Spuren ermitteln. Ein Plädoyer für ein Denken vom Objekt aus (2008)

Zeitgeschichte - verstanden als Geschichte des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts - ist im Bereich der Ausstellungen in der Regel darauf angewiesen, dass es zu dem gewählten Thema Objekte gibt. Das gilt für Sonderausstellungen ebenso wie für die Teile einer Dauerausstellung. Ein eigener Ausstellungstyp sind solche Veranstaltungen, die - wie vergrößerte Bücher - einen Denkraum schaffen, in dem man entlang der Zeitleiste Ereignisse kennenlernen kann. Im Gegensatz zum Buch sind sie soziale Orte - Plätze, an denen Menschen miteinander ins Gespräch kommen können, an denen sie sich gemeinsam etwas intellektuell aneignen. Wie für eine gute Unterrichtsstunde sollte dabei ein Medienwechsel stattfinden zwischen Texten, vergrößerten Fotografien, Filmen - seien es Wochenschauen oder mitgeschnittene Reden von Politikern, Dokumentar- oder Spielfilme.
Quantifying fluctuation in dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia (2000)

Standardized assessment methods demonstrate that FC is significantly more common and severe in DLB than in other major dementias. The periodicity of FC is different in DLB and VaD cases, with important implications for the underlying causal mechanisms and for differential diagnosis.
Thermochemical strengthening of Nd:YAG laser rods (2006)

High power Nd:YAG laser rods may easily exceed their fracture strength as a result of thermally induced tensile stress. Strengthening of such rods is achievable by wet chemical etching in concentrated orthophosphoric acid, or in a mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, at elevated temperatures. In the present study, the etching rates of Nd:YAG in both etchants were determined as a function of temperature. The calibration curves thus obtained enabled the controlled removal of the outer "damaged" layer of lasing elements. Four-point flexture strength measurements were performed on deep etched and on non-etched YAG slabs. The measurements showed a 3.5 fold increase in the strength of the etched slabs. Weibull analysis treatment was done on the basis of our fracture data.
Identification and sequence of rfbS and rfbE, which determine antigenic specificity of group A and group D salmonellae (1989)

Salmonella group A, group B, and group D strains have paratose, abequose, and tyvelose, respectively, as the immunodominant sugar in their O antigens, which are otherwise identical; only the final steps differ in the biosynthetic pathways of these sugars. The gene rfbJ from a group B strain, encoding abequose synthase, the final and only unique step in the biosynthesis of CDP-abequose, has been cloned and sequenced (P. Wyk and P. Reeves, J. Bacteriol. 171:5687-5693, 1989). In this study, we locate and sequence rfbS and rfbE from serovars typhi and paratyphi, representative of groups A and D. Gene rfbS is present in both groups and encodes paratose synthase, which carries out a step parallel to that of abequose synthase, but the product is CDP-paratose. The DNA and inferred amino acid sequences are compared with those of rfbJ. We conclude that the genes are homologous, but the divergence is extremely ancient. Gene rfbE encodes CDP-tyvelose epimerase, which converts CDP-paratose to CDP-tyvelose in group D strains; the gene is active in group D strains, and we find it to be present in a mutant form in group A strains. These two genes encode the steps unique to groups A and D and, like rfbJ of group B, are of low G+C content, suggesting transfer from outside of salmonellae. The evolutionary origin of these genes is discussed.