gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO SELF HEALING PROTOCOLS FOR ATM NETWORKS (1999)

ATM networks are high speed networks and the volume of information carried by them at any instant of time is enormous. Since this information is likely to be of high commercial value, the effect of a transmission link or node failure would be catastrophic. Therefore ATM networks need to be equipped with mechanisms by which the failure of a network entity can be detected and service restored by changing over to alternate entities. Restoration mechanisms based on the self healing concept have been successful in achieving restoration times well below the two seconds limit to prevent any interruption of service to the users. This paper studies two self healing protocols for ATM networks. One is the Backup Virtual Path Self Healing protocol, and the second is the Broadcast Self Healing protocol, which is an extension of the protocol proposed for STM networks. Simulation studies were carried out to compare their restoration speeds, spare resource requirements and maximum restoration ratio. The results suggest that the backup virtual path protocol has an edge over the broadcast protocol.
Identification of the DNA sequence that interacts with the gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor (1998)

The gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor (GKLF) is a recently identified eukaryotic transcription factor that contains three C2H2zinc fingers. The amino acid sequence of the zinc finger portion of GKLF is closely related to several Krüppel proteins, including the lung Krüppel-like factor (LKLF), the erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF) and the basic transcription element binding protein 2 (BTEB2). The DNA sequence to which GKLF binds has not been definitively established. In the present study we determined the DNA binding sequence of GKLF using highly purified recombinant GKLF in a target detection assay of an oligonucleotide library consisting of random sequences. Upon repeated rounds of selection and subsequent characterization of the selected sequences by base-specific mutagenesis a DNA with the sequence 5'-G/AG/AGGC/TGC/T-3' was found to contain the minimal essential binding site for GKLF. This sequence is present in the promoters of two previously characterized genes: the CACCC element of the beta-globin gene, which interacts with EKLF, and the basic transcription element (BTE) of the CYP1A1 gene, which interacts with Sp1 and several Sp1-like transcription factors. Moreover, the selected GKLF binding sequence was capable of mediating transactivation of a linked reporter gene by GKLF in co-transfection experiments. Our results establish GKLF as a sequence-specific transcription factor likely involved in regulation of expression of endogenous genes.
Computer-Aided Molecular Design (1987)

Theoretical chemistry, as implemented on fast computers, is beginning to yield accurate predictions of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of large molecular assemblies. In addition to providing detailed insights into the origins of molecular activity, theoretical calculations can be used to design new molecules with specific properties. This article describes two types of calculations that show special promise as design tools, the thermodynamic cycle-perturbation method and the Brownian reactive dynamics method. These methods can be applied to calculate equilibrium and rate constants that describe many aspects of molecular recognition, stability, and reactivity.
The progress of study on excretory-secretory antigens of Trichinella spiralis (2003)

Trichinellosis is always cared for its serious harm and the immunologial defence about it is the main direction of study for domestic and international scholars. After the comparing study on different antigens,the Excretory-Secretory antigens are considered the best and become the prominent research,there fore large works had been carried out on it. The main component of it are there proteins(their molecular weight are 45 000,49 000,53 000),immunal crossing reaction may be occurred among them. The gene sequences coding the threeproteins had been required and the genes can be coloned and expressed by the technique of molecular biological,are there expressed proteins are now being used on immunological defence. The elements and the function of biological technology,some works to domestic and international scholars such as using the antigens as detectable antigens and immunogens are also being discussed here.
A review of the in-vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin against intracellular pathogens and mycoplasmas (1997)

Quinupristin/dalfopristin displays in-vitro bacteriostatic activity against all Legionella spp. (MICs = 0.06-2 mg/L), with Legionella pneumophila usually being at least two-fold more sensitive to quinupristin/dalfopristin than Legionella bozemanii, Legionella dumoffii, Legionella gormanii and Legionella micdadei (MIC = 0.06-2 vs 1-2 mg/L, respectively). Against Legionella spp., quinupristin/dalfopristin was at least as active as erythromycin. Quinupristin/dalfopristin was active in vitro against all Mycoplasma spp. tested (MIC = 0.05-2 mg/L), with Mycoplasma hominis being less susceptible than other species. Quinupristin/dalfopristin was active against erythromycin-resistant strains of Mycoplasma fermentans and M. hominis (MIC90 = 0.5 and 2 mg/L, respectively), and doxycycline-resistant strains of Ureaplasma urealyticum (MIC90 = 1 mg/L). The in-vitro bacteriostatic activity against Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium (MIC90 = 0.1 and 0.05 mg/L, respectively) was similar to that of erythromycin and doxycycline. Quinupristin/dalfopristin was actively taken up by murine macrophages, and incubation of the drug (2.5 mg/L) with macrophages containing ingested Staphylococcus aureus resulted in the death of 70% of intracellular bacteria within 120 min. Intracellular concentrations of quinupristin/dalfopristin reached 50 and 30 times the extracellular concentration, respectively, showing that these compounds readily penetrate into cells. The intracellular activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin may make it suitable for use in some, presently difficult-to-treat, infections caused by intracellular organisms.
Double-Wall Anodic Titania Nanotube Arrays for Water Photooxidation (2009)

Vertically oriented double-wall titania nanotube (external diameters of 82 and 206 nm) arrays are synthesized by a sonoelectrochemical anodization technique in combination with a unique room-temperature ionic liquid and organic electrolyte. Compared to similar single-wall nanotubes (0.638 mA/cm(2)) and commercial nanoparticles (0.365 mA/cm(2)), these double-wall nanotube arrays show 2-4 times more photoactivity to split water under solar light illumination to generate hydrogen and oxygen. Partial doping of B and C into the TiO(2) matrix gives rise to these double-wall nanotubes which absorb visible solar light more efficiently than the intrinsic TiO(2). The structural properties of these novel structures have been studied extensively using various spectroscopic, analytical, and electrochemical techniques.
<i>Shorter Communication</i>: Estimating the Parameters of Undamped Exponential Signals (1993)

A nonlinear eigenvalue method is proposed for estimating the parameters of undamped exponential signals when the parameters are complex-valued. Such data arise in several areas of application, including communications radio location of objects, seismic signal processing, and computer-assisted medical diagnosis. Osborne proposed a method to estimate the parameters of exponential models when the parameters are real-valued. The method is generalized to the complex-parameters case. It is shown to perform better than existing methods due to Tufts and Kumaresan and Bai, Krishnaiah, and Zhao in the sense of having lower mean-squared errors. A simulation study showed that the observed mean-squared errors are close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound for frequency estimates.
Note concerning a Measuring Plankton-Net (1935)

Note concerning a Measuring Plankton-Net Get access E. G. Hart E. G. Hart Pacific Biological StationNanaimo, B. C Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ICES Journal of Marine Science, Volume 10, Issue 2, August 1935, Pages 179–184, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/10.2.179 Published: 01 August 1935
A Class of Binary Signaling Alphabets (1956)

A class of binary signaling alphabets called “group alphabets” is described. The alphabets are generalizations of Hamming's error correcting codes and possess the following special features: (1) all letters are treated alike in transmission; (2) the encoding is simple to instrument; (3) maximum likelihood detection is relatively simple to instrument; and (4) in certain practical cases there exist no better alphabets. A compilation is given of group alphabets of length equal to or less than 10 binary digits.
Enhancing the Proline Effect:  Pseudo-Prolines for Tailoring<i>Cis</i>/<i>Trans</i>Isomerization (1998)

Cis−trans isomerization of proline-like oxazolidines and thiazolidines, denoted pseudo-prolines, is investigated spectrophotometrically with a chymotrypsin coupled assay and by 1H NMR. A series of peptides carrying substituents of varying stereochemistry at the 2-C position of ΨPro was prepared for evaluating kinetic and thermodynamic data pertaining to the isomerization of the imidic bond. ΨPro are shown to exhibit an enhanced proline effect, allowing the cis content along the imide bond to be tailored between 5 and about 100%. These Pro surrogates may serve as β-turn type VI mimetics and can be used to introduce specifically cis-imide bonds into peptides and proteins. ΨPro derived from Ser and Thr show a marked difference in the rate of isomerization about the imide bond compared to Cys derived thiazolidines. As with Pro itself, the cis content for the (S) epimers of oxazolidines and thiazolidines can be raised from about 40−60% using LiCl/TFE as a solvent, allowing more accurate measurements of the isomerization kinetics. In general, peptides containing ΨPro exhibit enhanced isomerization rate constants for cis/trans isomerization compared to their proline analogues depending on stereochemistry and degree of substitution at the 2-C ΨPro position. For example, the thermodynamic barrier of the isomerization process for 2-C dimethylated ΨPro is decreased by about 2−4 kcal/mol in comparison to Pro. In summary, ΨPro represent versatile Pro surrogates enhancing the conformational and structural effects of Pro and offer a wide range of applications in peptide design and engineering.
Using architecture models for runtime adaptability (2006)

Every software system has architecture. The architecture strongly influences the software system's properties, including maintainability and runtime properties such as performance and reliability. By describing the architecture in models, we can make the architecture explicit. Developers typically use software architecture models at design time to capture the significant decisions about a software system's organization and to describe and establish a common understanding about the system's abstract properties. In the MADAM (mobility- and adaptation-enabling middleware) project, we aim to facilitate adaptive application development for mobile computing. We follow an architecture-centric approach where we represent architecture models at runtime to allow generic middleware components to reason about and control adaptation.
MODULAR NEURAL NETWORKS: A SURVEY (1999)

Modular Neural Networks (MNNs) is a rapidly growing field in artificial Neural Networks (NNs) research. This paper surveys the different motivations for creating MNNs: biological, psychological, hardware, and computational. Then, the general stages of MNN design are outlined and surveyed as well, viz., task decomposition techniques, learning schemes and multi-module decision-making strategies. Advantages and disadvantages of the surveyed methods are pointed out, and an assessment with respect to practical potential is provided. Finally, some general recommendations for future designs are presented.
[The effect of ascorbic acid in preservation solutions on the antioxidative potential of blood plasma during liver transplantation in miniature swine]. (1989)

The antioxidative potential (AP) of blood plasma was defined for its O2-.-trapping capacity. The superoxide radicals were generated in a photochemical system and detected by luminol chemiluminescence. During the preparation phase of experimental liver transplantation on mini-pig the AP of peripheral blood increased twice. There is a 20-fold increase of AP one hour after the blood recirculation in transplant. An antioxidative defence of organ with ascorbic acid during the cold preservation period removed these increase. The possible mechanisms of the observed phenomena and the information significance of the AP measurement in blood plasma are discussed.
Backup support gives vmebus powerful multiprocessing architecture (1984)

The VME specification-a joint effect of Mostek, Motorola, and Signetics/Philips-now defines three separate buses: the vmebus, the vmxbus, and the vmsbus. Each may be used independently of the others or all three may be used to produce a highly capable multiprocessor system architecture. The vmebus provides parallel nonmultiplexed 8- and 16-bit data and 16- and 24-bit addressing paths on a single connector. It can be increased to full 32-bit data and addressing by using part of a second card connector. The seven interrupt lines and four arbitration lines can be configured according to design requirements. The vmxbus uses the balance of the second connector to provide another parallel path for data transfer and addressing. Unlike the other two buses, the vmsbus uses message frames on a self-arbitrating serial bus to pass messages among functional modules within a backplane or in separate card racks. Together, these three buses can be combined to maximize multiprocessor throughput.
Linearity Measurement and Pulse Amplitude Modulation in a Silicon Single-Drive Push–Pull Mach–Zehnder Modulator (2016)

We characterize the modulation linearity of a silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator with a single-drive push-pull configuration. The 3-dB electro-optic bandwidths of the modulator are 15 and 32 GHz at 0 and 6 V reverse biases, respectively. The best spurious-free dynamic ranges (SFDRs) for the second-order harmonic distortion and the third-order intermodulation distortion are measured to be 97.7 dB·Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> and 85.9 dB·Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> . The experimental measurement demonstrates that such a drive scheme can effectively reduce the modulation nonlinearity, especially the second harmonic distortion. Multi-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) is achieved using this high-linearity modulator with PAM-2,3,4,5 at a symbol rate of 40 Gbaud/s and PAM-8 at a symbol rate of 25 Gbaud/s.
Carotenoids, Retinol and Tocopherols in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Their Immediate Relatives (1998)

1. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are classified among the groups at risk for low vitamin status, and recent studies suggest that some degree of supplementation with antioxidants may be beneficial in helping to prevent certain long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Our objective was to compare the status of the fat-soluble vitamins and antioxidant-related compounds in patients with well-defined insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with that of their first-degree relatives, controlling seasonal and analytical variability as factors influencing the interpretation of the data. 2. Fifty-four patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 214 non-diabetic, first-degree relatives (controls) and 236 unrelated controls were analysed for retinol, tocopherols (alpha and gamma) and main carotenoids in serum (beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene) by means of a validated HPLC method. 3. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was associated with lower retinol levels and higher levels of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin than sex-matched, first-degree relatives. alpha-Tocopherol, the alpha-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio, gamma-tocopherol, lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene showed no differences. Retinol and beta-carotene were the variables most closely associated with diabetes. 4. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus showed lower serum retinol status together with higher concentrations of provitamin-A carotenoids. Serum fat-soluble antioxidant levels were greater than or equal to those in controls. According to the serum status observed, individuals with diabetes do not require supplementation with alpha-tocopherol or carotenoids, although the need for retinol supplementation in patients with marginal serum levels should be evaluated.
Lamp Acoustical Noise and the Reverse Phase Controlled Dimmer (1972)

The standard SCR dimmer, like all phase controlled dimmers, produces a distorted output waveform. When this waveform is applied to an incandescent lamp, the lamp emits an audible hum that in certain applications is intolerable. To reduce lamp acoustical noise, most lighting control manufacturers place a large inductor in series with the lamp. An alternate approach is the reverse phase controlled dimmer. Instead of inductors, it utilizes auxiliary commutated SCR with capacitor commutation circuitry to limit lamp noise. Two advantages are offered by this approach. First, eliminating the large inductor allows the dimmer to be greatly reduced in size. Secondly, elimination of the inductor makes more power available to the load. The cause of lamp acoustical noise, the design of the reverse phase controlled dimmer, and methods for measuring lamp noise are described.
Convergence focused construction of hybrid ARQ systems with turbo codes (2004)

We propose and evaluate a novel method of constructing hybrid ARQ systems with turbo codes that addresses the convergence problems of the turbo decoders. The puncturing pattern is chosen in such a way that the parts of the trellis that present difficulties to the decoder are given priority in retransmission. This is different from the traditional construction of rate compatible punctured turbo codes (RCPT) which attempts to obtain optimal weight distance properties of the codes without taking the convergence properties of the turbo decoder into account. We show that in the 'turbo cliff' region our system outperforms the best known hybrid ARQ scheme in terms of the throughput, the number of retransmissions and the total number of iterations required to decode a frame at the receiver. Moreover, the design of the puncturing pattern is greatly simplified and requires no extensive computer simulations.
Feasibility of using photophoresis to create a concentration gradient of solvated molecules (1996)

The objective of this work is to estimate the feasibility of creating a measurable concentration gradient of molecules in a solvent by a laser driven photophoresis process. The molecules are dissolved in a suitable solvent that is not significantly absorbing at the applied radiation frequency. The molecule is anisotropic, or ideally propeller shaped, and has an appropriate transition dipole capable of driving rovibrational motion. The polarization of the laser can be taken as rotating slowly with the molecules. The resulting torque driven hindered rotation imparts a forward thrust, and thus creates a net flow of the molecules which can set up a concentration gradient in a finite cell. The relevant physical parameters are estimated with the aid of instantaneous normal mode and molecular dynamics simulation methods on a prototype system, and the results indicate that a detectable concentration gradient may be established. A practical issue is to treat heating and resultant mixing or turbulence in the medium. Laboratory experiments are needed to further explore the photophoresis process.
Scriptics connect (2000)

Scriptics Connect is a commercial product from Scriptics Corporation that provides an XML-based platform for business-to-business applications. It takes advantage of XML as a standard mechanism for formatting structured data, and uses standard World Wide Web servers and Tcl to provide the infrastructure needed to support business-to-business applications. In addition, it uses Tcl to greatly simplify the task of writing XML-based business-to-business applications.
Acid β-glucosidase: insights from structural analysis and relevance to Gaucher disease therapy (2008)

In mammalian cells, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the simplest glycosphingolipid, is hydrolyzed by the lysosomal enzyme acid beta-glucosidase (GlcCerase). In the human metabolic disorder Gaucher disease, GlcCerase activity is significantly decreased owing to one of approximately 200 mutations in the GlcCerase gene. The most common therapy for Gaucher disease is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), in which patients are given intravenous injections of recombinant human GlcCerase; the Genzyme product Cerezyme has been used clinically for more than 15 years and is administered to approximately 4000 patients worldwide. Here we review the crystal structure of Cerezyme and other recombinant forms of GlcCerase, as well as of their complexes with covalent and non-covalent inhibitors. We also discuss the stability of Cerezyme, which can be altered by modification of its N-glycan chains with possible implications for improved ERT in Gaucher disease.
Shortage of Assimilate Supply to Grain Increases the Proportion of Milky White Rice Kernels under High Temperatures (2004)

近年, 西日本を中心に乳白米多発による品質低下が起きている. 乳白米発生原因としては, 登熟期高温による子実成長過程への直接的影響, あるいは着生穎花数が多い, あるいは葉色の落ちたイネで乳白米発生が著しくなるなどから子実への同化産物供給不足が考えられる. そこで, 本研究では3年間にわたり島根県と大阪府の気温・立地条件の異なる3地域でコシヒカリを栽培し, 圃場条件下での乳白米発生状況と登熟期間引きにより物質生産を増やしたときの乳白米発生を調べ, 同化産物供給不足が乳白米発生の主原因であることを明らかにしようとした. 一部地域では登熟期にフィルムで覆った高温区を設けた. その結果, 穂揃い後30日間の平均気温（T30）は23～29℃となり, 籾の充填率は70～90％, 乳白米発生率は0.8～16.0％の変異を示した. T30が高いほど乳白米率が大きなばらつきを持ち増加した. そこで穂揃期以降, 栽植密度を半分に間引いたところ, どの地域, 温度処理でも間引きにより籾の充填率はほぼ90％近くまで増加し, ほとんどの地域で乳白米率が6％以下に減少した. 全結果を込みにすると, 充填率が増えると乳白米発生率が低下した. したがって, 間引きは幅広い温度域で籾の充填率と乳白米発生率を改善した. 以上から, 乳白米は子実の同化産物蓄積過程自体が高温で阻害されるよりも, 高温によって高まった子実乾物増加速度に対して同化産物供給が不足することにより主に生ずると推定された. そのため, 登熟期の同化促進技術は乳白米発生の抑制に有効であると考えられた.
Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus. VI. Reaction with subunits from guinea pig gamma-1- and gamma-2-globulin. (1968)

Summary The purpose of this study was to establish which regions of guinea pig γ 1 - and γ 2 -globulins react with protein A from S. aureus . In each case the Fc fragment inhibited the reaction between protein A and anti-EA γ 1 - and γ 2 -globulin. No reactions between protein A and the Fab and F(ab9) 2 fragments were observed.
An ultrasonically assisted sagittal saw for large bone surgeries (2015)

Large bone cutting surgeries are predominantly undertaken using sagittal saws, whereas ultrasonic devices are currently limited to small shallow cuts in bone, for example in maxillofacial surgeries. Given the known benefits of ultrasonic cutting, this study considers an approach of superimposing ultrasonic vibration on a sagittal saw blade motion by designing the saw as a planar transducer. Finite element modeling was used to establish piezoceramic and blade geometries, culminating in two designs, one for a longitudinal-mode transducer and one for a lateral-mode transducer. The two resulting planar transducers were manufactured, with the piezoceramic plates bonded to the blades using a high strength epoxy. Impendence plots confirmed the tuned ultrasonic frequency for each transducer. The ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the blade was also measured, although was limited by the device tracking and drive system. Initial cutting tests carried out on a sagittal saw test rig demonstrated small reductions in cut temperature and cut time compared with control blades. These are very early, but promising results for developing this new surgical technology.