gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
피임을 목적으로 한 성교중단법이 여성에 미치는 영향 (1966)

Clinical observation mainly for the intrapelvic manifestation was made on the cases of complications resulted from the coitus interruptus. The following results were obtained. 1) In all cases the pain could be elicited by the manual traction on the uterine cervix derived from the spasm of the parametria in particular the Ligg. sacro-uterina, while in 78.1% the secondary dysmenorrhea, in 62.5% the spontaneous pain, and in 62.5% the coital pain were observed. 2) The above manifestation was, it seemed to the author, in accord with to the conception of Martius which emphasized the smooth muscle spasm as the acuse of spastische parametropathie, than to that of Taylor which proposed the pelvic congestion syndrome due to the vascular damage. 3) Observation was also made for the depression of the orgasmus curve and psychic stress which might have a defivith relationship with the occurrence of these mainifestation.
Physical map of the human immunoglobulin K locus and its implications for the mechanisms of V<sup>K</sup>–J<sup>K</sup>rearrangement (1987)

Genomic regions containing numerous cloned VK genes (abbreviations in ref. 2) were investigated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. 31 and 32 genes were linked within 1.0 and 1.3 Mb NotI fragments, respectively; the latter fragment includes also the JKCK gene segment. A 0.25 Mb NotI fragment comprises further 10 VK genes. Since the transcriptional polarities of the VK genes within the genomic regions are known the linking of the regions allows us now to answer unequivocally some longstanding questions concerning the mechanism of VK-JK rearrangement. The VK genes of the 1.3 Mb NotI fragment except for the two JK proximal ones (accompanying paper) are arranged in the same transcriptional polarity as JKCK and therefore must rearrange by a deletion mechanism. The VK genes of the 1.0 Mb NotI fragment which has not yet been linked to VKJK have identical polarity within the fragment. They should be arranged in opposite polarity to JKCK since reciprocal recombination products derived from them are known to exist; such recombination products must have been formed by inversion of oppositely oriented gene segments.
Survival and growth characteristics of Escherichia coli associated with hemorrhagic colitis (1984)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef was more sensitive to heat than salmonellae, but survived for 9 months at -20 degrees C with little change in number. The organisms grew well in Trypticase soy broth (BBL Microbiology Systems) between 30 and 42 degrees C, with 37 degrees C being optimal for growth. E. coli O157:H7 grew poorly in the temperature range (44 to 45.5 degrees C) generally used for recovery of E. coli from foods.
The ESCRT Machinery Is Recruited by the Viral BFRF1 Protein to the Nucleus-Associated Membrane for the Maturation of Epstein-Barr Virus (2012)

The cellular endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery participates in membrane scission and cytoplasmic budding of many RNA viruses. Here, we found that expression of dominant negative ESCRT proteins caused a blockade of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) release and retention of viral BFRF1 at the nuclear envelope. The ESCRT adaptor protein Alix was redistributed and partially colocalized with BFRF1 at the nuclear rim of virus replicating cells. Following transient transfection, BFRF1 associated with ESCRT proteins, reorganized the nuclear membrane and induced perinuclear vesicle formation. Multiple domains within BFRF1 mediated vesicle formation and Alix recruitment, whereas both Bro and PRR domains of Alix interacted with BFRF1. Inhibition of ESCRT machinery abolished BFRF1-induced vesicle formation, leading to the accumulation of viral DNA and capsid proteins in the nucleus of EBV-replicating cells. Overall, data here suggest that BFRF1 recruits the ESCRT components to modulate nuclear envelope for the nuclear egress of EBV.
Dependence of electrical properties on nitrogen profile in ultrathin oxynitride gate dielectrics formed by using oxygen and nitrogen radicals (2001)

We studied nitrogen incorporation in ultrathin oxynitride films by using oxygen and nitrogen radicals, and investigated the dependence of the electrical properties on the nitrogen profile. We found that the nitrogen position in the films could be controlled by using different processing sequences, and that the N concentration could be controlled at values up to 16%. In this process, the interface roughness depends on nitrogen position and nitrogen concentration: the interface roughness tends to increase as the N position close to the SiO2–Si interface and increase with N concentration. The results of an analysis of the electrical properties of these oxynitride films indicated that the best way to form the film was by radical nitridation after radical oxidation. These results show that the nitrogen position should be kept away from the SiO2–Si interface and nitrogen amount should be localized at the surface. Using this process, we have successfully achieved a low-leakage 1.5 nm oxynitride (equivalent oxide thickness) and maintained good device performance. This 1.5-nm-thick oxynitride has a leakage current two orders of magnitude less than that of 1.5-nm-thick SiO2 without decreasing the drain current. Radical oxynitridation should thus be very useful in making high-quality ultrathin gate-insulator films.
Characterization method for a multispectral high-dynamic-range imaging system (2014)

An accurate characterization method for a multispectral high-dynamic-range (HDR) imaging system is proposed by combining multispectral and HDR imaging technologies. The multispectral HDR imaging system, which can acquire the visible spectrum at many wavelength bands, can provide an accurate color reproduction and physical radiance information of real objects. An HDR camera is used to capture an HDR image without multiple exposures and a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) is used to generate multispectral images. Due to its several limitations in the multispectral HDR imaging system, a carefully designed and an innovative characterization algorithm is presented by considering a logarithmic camera response of the HDR camera and different spectral transmittance of the LCTF. The proposed method efficiently and accurately recovers the full spectrum from the multispectral HDR images using a transformation matrix and provides device-independent color information (e.g., CIEXYZ and CIELAB). The transformation matrix is estimated by training the estimated sensor responses from a multispectral HDR imaging system and the reflectance measurements from a spectroradiometer using Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse matrix.
Optical Transmittance of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser-Induced Fragmentation in Water (2006)

Laser-induced fragmentation of indium tin oxide nanoparticles was performed in water by laser irradiation with various laser energies. Fragmentation of the nanoparticles proceeded with increased laser energy. The fragmented nanoparticles showed high transmittance in the visible region and lower transmittance in the ultraviolet and infrared regions. The optical band gap of the fragmented nanoparticles increased with decreasing average particle size. The increase of the band gap was possibly caused by the Burstein-Moss effect due to the increasing concentration of carriers generated by the surface defects of the oxygen vacancies on smaller nanoparticles.
<i>FGFR1</i> over‐expression in primary rhabdomyosarcoma tumors is associated with hypomethylation of a 5′ CpG Island and abnormal expression of the <i>AKT1</i>, <i>NOG</i>, and <i>BMP4</i> genes (2007)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma likely results from abnormal proliferation and differentiation during skeletal myogenesis. Multiple genetic alterations are associated with the three RMS histopathological subtypes, embryonal, alveolar, and pleomorphic adult variant. Recently, we reported the novel amplification of the FGFR1 gene in a RMS tumor. The involvement of FGFR1 in RMS was now further studied in primary tumors and RMS cell lines by mutation screening, quantitative RNA expression, and methylation analyses. No mutation was found by DHPLC and sequencing of the entire FGFR1 coding sequence and exon-intron boundaries. However, FGFR1 over-expression was detected in all primary RMS tumors and cell lines tested. A hypomethylation of a CpG island upstream to FGFR1 exon 1 was identified in the primary RMS tumors, using sodium bisulfite modification method, suggesting a molecular mechanism to FGFR1 over-expression. Expression analysis of additional genes, AKT1, NOG and its antagonist BMP4, which interact downstream to FGFR1, demonstrated expression differences between primary RMS tumors and normal skeletal muscles. Our data suggest an important role for FGFR1 and FGFR1-downstream genes in RMS tumorigenesis and a possible association with the deregulation of proliferation and differentiation of skeletal myoblasts in RMS.
Modulation of Innate Immunity by Adenosine Receptor Stimulation (2011)

In the past decades, increased concentrations of the signaling molecule adenosine have been shown to play an important role in the prevention of tissue damage evoked by several stressful circumstances. During systemic inflammation, the circulating adenosine concentration increases rapidly, even up to 10-fold in septic shock patients. By binding to specific adenosine receptor subtypes, designated A1, A2a, A2b, and A3, adenosine exerts a wide variety of immunomodulating and (cyto)protective effects. Only recently, several specific adenosine receptor agonists and other drugs that modulate adenosine metabolism have been developed for human use. Importantly, correct interpretation of the effects of adenosine is highly related to the model of inflammation used, e.g., administration of endotoxin or live bacteria. This review will discuss the potential role for adenosine as an immunomodulating and cytoprotective signaling molecule and will discuss its potential role in the treatment of the patient suffering from sepsis.
Pattern matching in historical data (2002)

Abstract For many engineering and business problems, it would be very useful to have a general strategy for pattern matching in large databases. For example, the analysis of an abnormal plant condition would benefit if previous occurrences of the abnormal condition could be located in the historical data. A new pattern‐matching strategy is proposed for multivariate time series based on statistical techniques, especially principal‐component analysis (PCA). The new approach is both data‐driven and unsupervised because neither training data nor a process model is required. Given an arbitrary set of multivariate data, the new approach can be used to locate similar patterns in a large historical database. The proposed pattern‐matching strategy is based on two similarity factors: the standard PCA similarity factor and a new similarity factor that characterizes the pattern of alarm violations. An extensive simulation study for a chemical reactor demonstrates that this strategy is more effective than existing PCA methods and can successfully distinguish between 28 different operating conditions.
Getting Fit: A Minimal Intervention for Aerobic Exercise (1992)

Forty-five university students were assigned on a sequential basis to either a face-to-face or a self-help exercise program for 12 weeks. Pretests and posttests included anthropometric and physiological variables, field tests of aerobic capacity, and psychological variables which had previously been identified as predictors of adherence to exercise. Both groups showed significant increases in aerobic capacity and reported increases in general well-being, suggesting that self-help programs may be as effective as more structured interventions in facilitating exercise. However, self-reports 12 weeks later suggested that maintenance was quite poor for both groups. Measures of body composition showed few changes over 12 weeks. Psychological variables generally failed to predict success with either program. It is suggested that variables derived from narrowly social-cognitive approaches to health-related behaviour change may fail to take account of social and environmental constraints which may be important in understanding and predicting maintenance with health-related exercise.
Optimization of Temperature Sensitive Paint Formulation for Cryogenic Wind Tunnels (2002)

To apply Temperature-Sensitive Paint (TSP) technique to boundary-layer transition detection in a cryogenic wind tunnel, the formulation of Ru (trpy) /GP197 has been optimized. It was found that the luminescence intensity of the paint was maximized at dye concentration of 1.21.4mg/ml. Micro cracks were observed at cryogenic temperature on TSP coating thicker than 6 microns. The rms surface roughness could be reduced to 0.15 microns by lapping process.
Irregular Vehicle Behavior Warning Modules (2007)

This study develops an on-board decision module to issue appropriate warnings when the equipped vehicle's traveling track is irregular. While a vehicle is running on a road, there is a potential danger of accidents if the driver is distracted by fatigue, drowsiness, food, talk, or influenced by alcohol or drug, etc. Common types of accidents that take place on a freeway are lateral and rear-end collision. Therefore, measuring vehicle behavior is a way more relevant in terms of ensuring the security of driving behavior. This study presents two modules: one for detecting irregular tracking and the other for measuring longitudinal relationship with the preceding vehicles. According to the simulations, the proposed modules are satisfactory.
Fluorometric Sensing of Biogenic Amines with Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Active Tetraphenylethenes (2011)

A fluorometric sensor for detection and identification of biogenic amines with carboxylic acid modified tetraphenylethenes (TPEs) based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is reported. A mixture of the carboxylic acid substituted TPE and biogenic amines displayed a blue emission on aggregation, which serves as a "turn-on" fluorescent sensor for the amines, the degree of fluorescence enhancement being dependent on the amine. The chromic responses were utilized to distinguish the amines. A fluorometric sensor array of three TPEs with carboxylic acid groups was shown to identify accurately 10 different amines, including biogenic amines. The response patterns were systematically classified by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with 98% classification accuracy. Additional information on the concentration of histamine in a "tuna fish matrix" as an example was assessed by the further analysis of the fluorescence intensity, demonstrating a test for food freshness and quality.
Interaction of the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with type VI collagen. (1990)

The NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a membrane-associated molecule of approximately 500 kD with a core glycoprotein of 300 kD. Both the complete proteoglycan and a smaller quantity of the 300-kD core are immunoprecipitable with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against purified NG2. From some cell lines, the antibodies coprecipitate NG2 and type VI collagen, the latter appearing on SDS-PAGE as components of 140 and 250 kD under reducing conditions. The immunoprecipitation of type VI collagen does not seem to be due to recognition of the collagen by the antibodies, but rather to binding of the collagen to NG2. Studies on the NG2-type VI collagen complex suggest that binding between the two molecules is mediated by protein-protein interactions rather than by ionic interactions involving the glycosaminoglycans. Immunofluorescence double labeling in frozen sections of embryonic rat shows that NG2 and type VI collagen are colocalized in structures such as the intervertebral discs and arteries of the spinal column. In vitro the two molecules are highly colocalized on the surface of several cell lines. Treatment of these cells resulting in a change in the distribution of NG2 on the cell surface also causes a parallel change in type VI collagen distribution. Our results suggest that cell surface NG2 may mediate cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix by binding to type VI collagen.
Secure Hierarchical Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks: Performance Evaluation and Analysis (2012)

Secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks has two contrasting objectives, i) Efficiently collecting and aggregating data and ii) Aggregating the data securely. Many schemes do not take into account the possibility of corrupt aggregators and allow the aggregator to decrypt data in hop by hop algorithms. On the other hand using public key cryptography for providing end to end security is not energy efficient. In this paper we present and analyze the performance of the secure hierarchical data aggregation algorithm which uses an efficient public key cryptosystem (elliptic curve cryptography) to achieve end to end security. Unlike many other secure data aggregation algorithms which require separate phases for secure aggregation and integrity verification, the secure hierarchical data aggregation algorithm does not require an additional phase for verification. This saves energy by avoiding additional transmissions and computational overhead on the sensor nodes. We present and implement the secure data aggregation algorithm on Mica2 and TelosB sensor network platforms and measure the execution time and energy consumption of various cryptographic functions. We have also simulated our algorithms to analyze how an end to end scheme increases the network life time. We experimentally analyze our algorithms based on parameters like throughput, end to end delay and resilience to node failures.
Neurobiological mechanisms for opponent motivational processes in addiction (2008)

The conceptualization of drug addiction as a compulsive disorder with excessive drug intake and loss of control over intake requires motivational mechanisms. Opponent process as a motivational theory for the negative reinforcement of drug dependence has long required a neurobiological explanation. Key neurochemical elements involved in reward and stress within basal forebrain structures involving the ventral striatum and extended amygdala are hypothesized to be dysregulated in addiction to convey the opponent motivational processes that drive dependence. Specific neurochemical elements in these structures include not only decreases in reward neurotransmission such as dopamine and opioid peptides in the ventral striatum, but also recruitment of brain stress systems such as corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), noradrenaline and dynorphin in the extended amygdala. Acute withdrawal from all major drugs of abuse produces increases in reward thresholds, anxiety-like responses and extracellular levels of CRF in the central nucleus of the amygdala. CRF receptor antagonists block excessive drug intake produced by dependence. A brain stress response system is hypothesized to be activated by acute excessive drug intake, to be sensitized during repeated withdrawal, to persist into protracted abstinence and to contribute to stress-induced relapse. The combination of loss of reward function and recruitment of brain stress systems provides a powerful neurochemical basis for the long hypothesized opponent motivational processes responsible for the negative reinforcement driving addiction.
Risk Factors in Psychosis Secondary to Traumatic Brain Injury (2001)

Psychosis is a rare but devastating sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study examined risk factors for developing a psychosis secondary to TBI (PSTBI). Demographics of 25 inpatients with PSTBI were statistically analyzed for risk factors. Data from the PSTBI group were also compared with data from a control group of TBI patients without psychosis. Results indicate the PSTBI group was more likely to have had a previous congenital neurological disorder or to have sustained a head injury prior to adolescence. The PSTBI also had a higher proportion of males. Discussion focuses on potential models for developing PSTBI.
Brewster-angled chirped mirrors for high-fidelity dispersion compensation and bandwidths exceeding one optical octave (2003)

A novel design approach for dispersion-compensating chirped mirrors with greater-than-octave bandwidth is proposed. The commonly encountered problem of dispersion ripple is overcome by impedance matching via Brewster incidence in respect to the top-layer coating material. This approach totally suppresses undesired reflections off the interface to the ambient medium without any need for complicated matching sections. It is shown that Brewster-angled chirped mirrors can deliver ultrabroadband dispersion compensation over a much wider bandwidth than conventional doublechirped mirrors and without the mechanical complexity of back-deposition approaches. Due to their relatively simple structure, the sensitivity of the dispersion of the Brewster-angled designs towards growth errors is greatly reduced. Therefore, this new generation of chirped mirrors appears ideal for compression of continuum pulses with a potential of pulse durations in the single-cycle regime.
A New ZVS Bidirectional DC-DC Converter With Phase-Shift Plus PWM Control Scheme (2007)

The current-voltage-fed bidirectional DC-DC converter can realize ZVS for the switches with the use of the phase-shift (PS) technology, however the current-fed switches suffer from high voltage spike and high circulating conduction losses. In order to solve these problems, a novel phase-shift plus PWM (PSP) control ZVS bi-directional DC-DC converter is proposed, which adopts active clamping branch and PWM technology. The novel converter can realize ZVS for all power switches from no load to full load. The operation principle is analyzed and verified by a 28V/270V conversion prototype rated at 1.5kW.
Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: pathophysiological studies in mouse models (2010)

Mouse models have been designed for a number of fatty acid oxidation defects. Studies in these mouse models have demonstrated that different pathogenetic mechanisms play a role in the pathophysiology of defects of fatty acid oxidation. Supplementation with L-carnitine does not prevent low tissue carnitine levels and induces acylcarnitine production having potentially toxic effects, as presented in very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD)-deficient mice. Energy deficiency appears to be an important mechanism in the development of cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy in fatty acid oxidation defects and is also the underlying mechanism of cold intolerance. Hypoglycemia as one major clinical sign in all fatty acid oxidation defects occurs due to a reduced hepatic glucose output and an enhanced peripheral glucose uptake rather than to transcriptional changes that are also observed simultaneously, as presented in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)-deficient mice. There are reports that an impaired fatty acid oxidation also plays a role in intrauterine life. The embryonic loss demonstrated for some enzyme defects in the mouse supports this hypothesis. However, the exact mechanisms are unknown. This observation correlates to maternal hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, as observed in pregnancies carrying a long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD)-deficient fetus. Synergistic heterozygosity has been shown in isolated patients and in mouse models to be associated with clinical phenotypes common to fatty acid oxidation disorders. Synergistic mutations may also modulate severity of the clinical phenotype and explain in part clinical heterogeneity of fatty acid oxidation defects. In summary, knowledge about the different pathogenetic mechanisms and the resulting pathophysiology allows the development of specific new therapies.