gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibre reinforced concrete - where do we go from here? (1992)

The use of microwave energy as a source of heat to accelate curing of fibre reinforced cement composites (F.R.C.C.) was investigated. Tests were performed on composites containing metakaolin in order to prevent the deposition of portlandite at the glass-matrix interface. E Glass and A.R. glass fibres were used at a dosage of 5 % by weight of binder. F.R.C.C. were premixed without vibration or pressing. Specimens were treated with different levels of microwave power, shortly after casting. The flexural strength was then determined. When the composites containing 20 or 30 % metakaolin were respectively treated for 120 or 90 minutes on a power level of about 120–200 W, all the calcium hydroxide was consumed. The flexural strengths measured after the microwave treatment were in the range 9–12 MPa.
Drug Evaluations Cardiovascular & Renal: Biology of angiotensin II receptor inhibition with a focus on losartan: A new drug for the treatment of hypertension (1996)

Pharmacological blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has advanced knowledge of the mechanisms by which blood pressure is regulated as well as provided new approaches to the treatment of essential hypertension and congestive heart failure. Although the idea that primary or essential hypertension may be caused by an increase in the activity of the renin-angiotensin system was originally proposed by Page in 1967 in his mosaic theory of arterial hypertension, the identification of molecular variants in the genes that encode the components of the renin-angiotensin system now begins to substantiate a role for this hormonal system in the causation of hypertension. The cumulative results of basic investigations and clinical research culminated with the introduction of a new class of orally active antihypertensive drugs which specifically target angiotensin (Ang) II receptors as a means to control blood pressure. Emerging results from the clinical use of selective Ang II receptor antagonists suggest that these antihypertensive agents provide an opportunity for selective and specific treatment of cardiovascular disorders associated with excess production or activity of Ang II. Furthermore, this new class of drugs may extend the medical armamentarium of hypertension therapy to the prevention of coronary artery disease, stroke and cardiac and renal failure. The specific action of these agents on Ang II receptors represents a more direct and specific approach to the correction of the pathological pressor and vascular proliferative actions of Ang II. In this article, we review the pharmacological rationale and current therapeutic efficacy of losartan potassium, the first prototypical Ang II antagonist approved for the treatment of high blood pressure.
Extended Kalman Filter-Based Methods for Pose Estimation Using Visual, Inertial and Magnetic Sensors: Comparative Analysis and Performance Evaluation (2013)

In this paper measurements from a monocular vision system are fused with inertial/magnetic measurements from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) rigidly connected to the camera. Two Extended Kalman filters (EKFs) were developed to estimate the pose of the IMU/camera sensor moving relative to a rigid scene (ego-motion), based on a set of fiducials. The two filters were identical as for the state equation and the measurement equations of the inertial/magnetic sensors. The DLT-based EKF exploited visual estimates of the ego-motion using a variant of the Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) method; the error-driven EKF exploited pseudo-measurements based on the projection errors from measured two-dimensional point features to the corresponding three-dimensional fiducials. The two filters were off-line analyzed in different experimental conditions and compared to a purely IMU-based EKF used for estimating the orientation of the IMU/camera sensor. The DLT-based EKF was more accurate than the error-driven EKF, less robust against loss of visual features, and equivalent in terms of computational complexity. Orientation root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 1° (1.5°), and position RMSEs of 3.5 mm (10 mm) were achieved in our experiments by the DLT-based EKF (error-driven EKF); by contrast, orientation RMSEs of 1.6° were achieved by the purely IMU-based EKF.
Protein kinase C is increased in the liver of humans and rats with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: an alteration not due to hyperglycemia. (1995)

We tested the hypothesis that liver protein kinase C (PKC) is increased in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). To this end we examined the distribution of PKC isozymes in liver biopsies from obese individuals with and without NIDDM and in lean controls. PKC isozymes alpha, beta, epsilon and zeta were detected by immunoblotting in both the cytosol and membrane fractions. Isozymes gamma and delta were not detected. There was a significant increase in immunodetectable PKC-alpha (twofold), -epsilon (threefold), and -zeta (twofold) in the membrane fraction isolated from obese subjects with NIDDM compared with the lean controls. In obese subjects without NIDDM, the amount of membrane PKC isozymes was not different from the other two groups. We next sought an animal model where this observation could be studied further. The Zucker diabetic fatty rat offered such a model system. Immunodetectable membrane PKC-alpha, -beta, -epsilon, and -zeta were significantly increased when compared with both the lean and obese controls. The increase in immunodetectable PKC protein correlated with a 40% elevation in the activity of PKC at the membrane. Normalization of circulating glucose in the rat model by either insulin or phlorizin treatment did not result in a reduction in membrane PKC isozyme protein or kinase activity. Further, phlorizin treatment did not improve insulin receptor autophosphorylation nor did the treatment lower liver diacylglycerol. We conclude that liver PKC is increased in NIDDM, a change that is not secondary to hyperglycemia. It is possible that PKC-mediated phosphorylation of some component in the insulin signaling cascade contributes to the insulin resistance observed in NIDDM.
Synthesis and Characterization of Solid-State Phase Change Material Microcapsules for Thermal Management Applications (2013)

Polyalcohols such as neopentyl glycol (NPG) undergo solid-state crystal transformations that absorb/release significant latent heat. These solid–solid phase change materials (PCM) can be used in practical thermal management applications without concerns about liquid leakage and thermal expansion during phase transitions. In this paper, microcapsules of NPG encapsulated in silica shells were successfully synthesized with the use of emulsion techniques. The size of the microcapsules range from 0.2 to 4 μm, and the thickness of the silica shell is about 30 nm. It was found that the endothermic phase transition of these NPG-silica microcapsules was initiated at around 39 °C and the latent heat was about 96.0 J/g. A large supercooling of about 43.3 °C was observed in the pure NPG particles without shells, while the supercooling of the NPG microcapsules was reduced to about 14 °C due to the heterogeneous nucleation sites provided by the silica shell. These NPG microcapsules were added to the heat transfer fluid PAO to enhance its heat capacity and the effective heat capacity of the fluid was increased by 56% with the addition of 20 wt. % NPG-silica microcapsules.
Removal of Chromate from Aqueous Streams by Ultrafiltration and Precipitation (1992)

The present research seeks to establish an efficient and economic process for removing toxic anions such as chromate, arsenate, and selenate from aqueous streams without requiring addition of large quantities of chemicals. We have established a direct ultrafiltration process which is capable of removing over 99% of chromate ion (CrO42-) from an aqueous feed stream. The ultrafiltration process using a cationic polyelectrolyte is also capable of recovering a large fraction of the input stream and producing it as permeate water of high quality under low operating pressures. The polyelectrolyte is separated from the toxic metal by a precipitation step and can be reused. The process should be particularly useful for treating ground water and wastewater streams contaminated with low concentrations of toxic metal anions.
A 6-b 1.3Gs/s A/D Converter with C-2C Switch-Capacitor Technique (2006)

A 6-b 1.3-Gs/s pipelined successive-approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is presented. Employing improved-MMS and C-2C architecture, the circuit operates in high speed and low power consumption. With open-loop architecture, the T/H circuit can work at a high conversion rate. The proposed architecture reduces the static power consumption by charge redistribution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and lowers the accuracy requirement of the capacitor in the conventional successive-approximation (SA)-ADC by the C-2C architecture. Designed in a 0.18-mum technology, the ADC operates at 1.3-Gs/s clock rate while power dissipation is 196 mW. The FFT simulation result shows that the SNDR is 34 dB at 130-MHz input frequency and 1.3-Gs/s conversion rate
Pretreatment and cathodic electropaint performance-use of the “ ratio” (1986)

SummaryThe use of the ratio in predicting the corrosion performance of phosphated steel when coated with cathodic electroprimer and paint is discussed. Attention is drawn to the problems associated with adequately defining the ‘ratio ‘, its calculation and its broader relevance. Other factors contributing to corrosion resistance are highlighted in terms of method of phosphate application, bath working temperature, bath chemistry and chromium after-rinsing, etc. and it is suggested that these parameters may mask the effects due to relative hopeite and phosphophyllite contents. Attention is drawn to the strict definition of ratio and the fact that high levels are not always associated with good protection from corrosion.
Plasma protein changes in primary hypertension in humans and rats. (1983)

To determine whether plasma protein changes may be associated with primary hypertension, we analyzed plasma proteins from essential hypertensive (EHT) patients and genetically hypertensive rats using two-dimensional electrophoresis. An additional plasma protein, having a molecular weight of 13,000 daltons and an isoelectric point of 4.5, was found in 82% of the patients with borderline or moderate hypertension (n = 29) and in all permanently hypertensive patients (n = 12). This protein was detected in 36% of normotensive (NT) subjects (n = 50). In the latter, the influence of family history, sex, and secondary hypertension were studied. Plasma proteins were also studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In all plasma from young male (n = 10) and female (n = 6) SHR, two additional proteins (molecular weight = 16,000 daltons, pHi = 4.7 and 5.1) were detectable. These plasma proteins were not detectable in male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and in 50% of female WKY, and their frequency was 10% (n = 10) and 0% (n = 3) in normal male WKY and in male WKY rendered hypertensive by methylprednisolone, respectively. We conclude that these alterations of plasma proteins may be considered a biochemical feature of primary hypertension.
Thermal degradation of polyacrylonitrile in the temperature range 280–450°c. (1966)

Abstract This paper presents a study of the thermal degradation of polyacrylonitrile of 13,000 to 43,000 number‐average molecular weight in vacuum over the temperature range 280–450°C. Sixteen products of the decomposition were identified by chromatographic and infrared analytical techniques. The five major products, i.e., cyanogen, hydrogen cyanide, acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, and vinylacetonitrile, were monitored at intervals during the decomposition using gas chromatography. Activation energies of 15 and 23 kcal./mole were calculated from initial rates of formation of HCN and cyanogen, respectively. The overall activation energy of the polymer degradation was found to be 3.6 kcal./mole. The residue of the decomposition in the temperature region 280–450°C. was suggested by infrared absorption measurements and elemental analysis to be a polymer of the structure magnified image The rate of production of vinylacetonitrile was found to be proportional to the production of the residual black poly‐1,4,4‐trihydronaphthyridine. A new photothermal degradation cell is also presented.
Structural Characterization of CeO<sub>2</sub>−MO<sub>2</sub> (M = Si<sup>4+</sup>, Ti<sup>4+</sup>, and Zr<sup>4+</sup>) Mixed Oxides by Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and Other Techniques (2003)

Microstructure evolution of ceria-based mixed oxides CeO2−MO2 (M = Si4+, Ti4+, and Zr4+) after thermal treatments in the temperature range of 773−1073 K were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and other techniques. The CeO2−SiO2 was synthesized by a deposition precipitation method, and a coprecipitation procedure was adopted to make CeO2−TiO2 and CeO2−ZrO2 binary oxides. The XRD measurements revealed the presence of crystalline cubic CeO2 on the surface of SiO2 in CeO2−SiO2, CeO2 and TiO2 (anatase) in CeO2−TiO2, and Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 and Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 phases in CeO2−ZrO2 samples. The crystallinity of these phases increased as the calcination temperature increased. Estimations of the cell parameter a indicated an expansion of the CeO2 lattice in the case of CeO2−TiO2 samples, whereas a contraction was noted in the case of CeO2−ZrO2. Some incorporation of Si4+ ions into the CeO2 lattice was noted at higher calcination temperatures for the CeO2−SiO2 samples. Raman measurements revealed the presence of oxygen vacancies, lattice defects, and the displacement of oxide ions from their normal lattice positions in the case of the CeO2−TiO2 and CeO2−ZrO2 samples. The XPS studies revealed the presence of silica, titania, and zirconia in their highest oxidation statesSi4+, Ti4+, and Zr4+at the surface of the materials. Cerium is present in both Ce4+ and Ce3+ oxidation states, but in different proportions, depending on the mixed-oxide system and the calcination temperature used.
The crystal structure of APOBEC-2 and implications for APOBEC enzymes (2015)

APOBEC-2 (Apo2) belongs to the Apolioprotein B (APOB) mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of cytidine deaminases that modify genes by deaminating cytosines in mRNA coding sequences and cytidines in ssDNA (Franca et al., 2006). APOBEC deaminases have remarkably diverse functions comprising antibody maturation, inactivation of viral genomes including Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV), inhibition of retrotransposition, and RNA editing. The repertoire of APOBECs and their respective activities are continuously expanding to include new functions and sub-classes of the family.
Use of IgM and IgA-enriched immunoglobulins in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. Clinical experience. (2004)

In patients with severe sepsis and septic shock the currently available clinical variables and severity score are not valuable in identifying those patients who could take the maximal advantage from the administration of the IgM and IgA-enriched immunoglobulins. Thus, their time of administration plays a major role in the treatment of septic patients unresponding to the conventional treatment.
A Customized Non-Exclusive Clustering Algorithm for News Recommendation Systems (2019)

Clustering is one of the main tasks in machine learning and data mining and is being utilized in many applications including news recommendation systems. In this paper, we propose a new non-exclusive clustering algorithm named Ordered Clustering (OC) with the aim is to increase the accuracy of news recommendation for online users. The basis of OC is a new initialization technique that groups news items into clusters based on the highest similarities between news items to accommodate news nature in which a news item can belong to different categories. Hence, in OC, multiple memberships in clusters are allowed. An experiment is carried out using a real dataset which is collected from the news websites. The experimental results demonstrated that the OC outperforms the k-means algorithm with respect to Precision, Recall, and F1-Score.
Exact minimum cycle times for finite state machines (1994)

Article Free Access Share on Exact minimum cycle times for finite state machines Authors: William K. C. Lam Hewlett-Packard Co., Palo Alto, CA Hewlett-Packard Co., Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Robert K. Brayton Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley Department of EECS, University of California, BerkeleyView Profile , Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley Department of EECS, University of California, BerkeleyView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '94: Proceedings of the 31st annual Design Automation ConferenceJune 1994 Pages 100–105https://doi.org/10.1145/196244.196294Published:06 June 1994Publication History 5citation294DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads294Last 12 Months7Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Biometric Authentication: System Security and User Privacy (2012)

While biometric systems aren't foolproof, the research community has made significant strides to identify vulnerabilities and develop measures to counter them.
Anticoccidial derivatives of 6-azauracil. 3. Synthesis, high activity, and short plasma half-life of 1-phenyl-6-azauracils containing sulfonamide substituents (1980)

A series of 1-phenyl-6-azauracils containing sulfonamide substituents was prepared. In contrast to previous 1-phenyl-6-azauracils, some of these sulfonamides combine high activity against Eimeria tenella infections in chickens with a very rapid rate of clearance from plasma. Most active was 1-[3'-chloro-5'-methyl-4'-(morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]-6-azauracil, with a minimum effective concentration in feed of about 10 ppm.
Acid‐ and alkali‐catalyzed tannin‐based rigid foams (1994)

Abstract Acid‐ and alkali‐catalyzed polyflavonoid tannin‐based rigid foams were prepared. These foams have comparable physical and mechanical properties to the synthetic phenolic rigid foam used as a comparative standard. The fluid polymer phase was based on a mimosa tannin‐formaldehyde resin with a minor addition of a fortifier resin. Expansion of the fluid phase was brought about by a physical blowing agent, whereas dimensional stabilization was achieved through cross‐linking at the desired density. In the case of the acid‐catalyzed foam, a heat‐generating agent in the form of furfuryl alcohol was employed. The polymer composition of tannin–formaldehyde/urea–formaldehyde systems as a function of pH was predicted from the respective gel times and rate constants, i.e., above pH 7, the copolymer proportion will tend to 100% and, that at pH 3.4, the polymer blend proportion will tend to a maximum. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Failure to detect nucleic acid homology between some non‐A, Non‐B viruses and hepatitis B virus DNA (1983)

Some studies suggest that there is antigenic and nucleic acid homology of one type of non-A, non-B hepatitis virus with hepatitis B viral (HBV) proteins and DNA. Using molecular hybridization under high and low stringency conditions with high specific activity 32P-HBV DNA as a probe, serum and liver samples from patients and nonhuman primates infected with non-A, non-B hepatitis were examined. Our results provide no evidence of significant homology between the DNA extracted from serum and liver of patients and nonhuman primates infected with one type of non-A, non-B hepatitis and HBV DNA.
Heat transfer in a fuel cell battery (1965)

Abstract Analytical solutions were obtained for temperature distributions in a single adiabatic fuel cell with heat generation by T Δ S , I 2 R , and polarization. With these results it is possible to characterize heat transfer in a battery with convection in the fuel and air streams, and with conduction of heat in three directions, by means of an average temperature for which an analytical solution was also obtained. Although the temperature can be kept within safe limits in low‐power density batteries, the results show that critical dimensions exist beyond which failure by thermal buckling will occur.
Single-channel wireless transmission at 806 Mbit/s using a white-light LED and a PIN-based receiver (2012)

For the first time, we present optimized indoor visible light links at up to 806 Mbit/s using a single channel of a low-cost off-the-shelf RGB-LED. While the RGB-LED acts as transmitter, a high bandwidth Si-PIN photodiode is used at the receiver. Discrete multitone modulation (DMT) is applied to optimally adapt to the channel corresponding to each color. With illumination levels in the range of normal working environments at the receiver, the resultant BERs are below the forward-error-correction limit for standard correction mechanisms.
On on-line task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing (2017)

A new platform, termed spatial crowdsourcing (SC), is emerging that enables a requester to commission workers to physically travel to some specified locations to perform a set of spatial tasks (i.e., tasks related to a geographical location and time). For spatial crowdsourcing to scale to millions of workers and tasks, it should be able to efficiently assign tasks to workers, which in turn consists of both matching tasks to workers and computing a schedule for each worker. The current approaches for task assignment in spatial crowdsourcing cannot scale as either task matching or task scheduling will become a bottleneck. Instead, we propose an on-line assignment approach utilizing an auction-based framework where workers bid on every arriving task and the server determines the highest bidder, resulting in splitting the assignment responsibility between workers (for scheduling) and the server (for matching) and thus eliminating all bottlenecks. Through several experiments on both real-world and synthetic datasets, we compare the accuracy and efficiency of our real-time algorithm with state of the art algorithms proposed for similar problems. We show how other algorithms cannot generate as good of an assignment because they fail to manage the dynamism and/or take advantage of the spatiotemporal characteristics of SC.
FireWire finally comes home (1998)

The article discusses the IEEE 1394 networking standard, otherwise known as FireWire. FireWire was designed to link personal computers, digital cameras, televisions, DVD players, printers, and other home electronics equipment. At the time FireWire seemed like a perfect idea whose time had come, but there was one small problem: a competing technology, called Universal Serial Bus (USB), promised to do nearly the same thing. Like FireWire, USB can connect multiple peripherals to a single port on the back of our computers. But USB is designed to be a simpler, slower interface that is less expensive to manufacture. Because both technologies arrived at about the same time, hardware and software vendors had to make a choice as to which technology to develop and support. USB got the nod in the Wintel world-with Windows driver support for USB peripherals as early as October 1996-but it wasn't until Windows 98 that consumers got full OS support for USB. Early support on the Wintel platform, however, could account for the large number of USB components that have been popping up over the past two years, such as speakers, joysticks, printers, video cameras, and the like, all of which have made it to market much more quickly than FireWire based technologies. The prospect of the increasing use of FireWire is discussed.