gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Jolliet: The Project (1990)

Abstract This paper overviews the management, design, fabrication and installation of the Jolliet Project and briefly summarizes the companion Marquette Project. This work includes the Tension leg Well Platform (TLWP), the central Production Platform (CPP), 54 miles of pipeline and the GC52A drilling platform. The TLWP is the first-ever tension leg well platform and is the world's deepest offshore production platform. The project took four years to design, fabricate and install. This paper discusses the field history, concept development, the scope of the project, and its management, design and construction. INTRODUCTION The Jolliet Field in the Gulf of Mexico Green canyon GC Block 184 was discovered in May of 1981 with a well drilled in 1,500 feet of water. A further six wells, over a four-and-a-half-year period, were required before development was approved in early 1986. Evolution of the development concept also occurred during this time period. The oil price crash of 1986 delayed construction but not detailed engineering of the TLWP. Once construction work was approved in 1987, the project went into high gear, completing the drilling of twenty wells, installation of a 1,760 feet world record water depth tension leg platform, over fifty miles of pipelines, a large central production facility in 616 feet of water and commencement of well completions and oil production. This was accomplished in less than three years and nine percent below the original budget. The projects are named after Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette, the 17th century French Canadian explorers of the Mississippi River. Their spirit of exploration of the unknown is shared by the men and women who worked on these projects. This paper overviews the history and accomplishments of the project and sets the stage for the nine other papers which comprise the Jolliet Project Special sessions. FIEID HISTORY Green canyon Block 184 is in the Flexure Trend on the continental slope in the Gulf of Mexico, about one hundred miles offshore central Louisiana (Figure 1). The lease was acquired by conoco, Getty and cities service oil companies as equal partners in November of 1980 for a bid of $7.aMM. It was a five-year Net Profits Share lease (NPSL) with a 100 percent capital recovery factor and a 50 percent net profit share factor. In simplified terms, this means that no conventional royalty is paid on production from the lease. Instead, 50 percent of the net revenue of the lease is paid to the MMS after 200 percent of money invested in the lease, prior to production, has been recovered by the lessees.
Adenosine deaminase in progressive systemic sclerosis. (1995)

The aim of the present study was to confirm the increase of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), described by Sasaki & Nakajima, and to compare plasma ADA activity of patients in different stages of the disease. Enzyme activity was measured with a colorimetric assay. The 48 patients were subdivided into 3 groups: subgroup 1 (n = 10), disease still limited to the skin; subgroup 2 (n = 21), involvement of the skin and oesophagus; and subgroup 3 (n= 17), involvement of the skin and multiple internal organs. ADA levels were highest in subgroup 3. However, the difference with respect to subgroup 2 did not reach statistical significance. Subgroup 1 was different from controls and subgroups 2 and 3 (p<0.001). Our results confirm that ADA activity is increased in PSS, and that this finding is observed even in the early stages of the disease process. We speculate that the increase in ADA, a well-known marker of T-cell activation, might be an indicator of disease activity in PSS, in the beginning as well as during phases of exacerbation in later stages of the disease.
Bit-Error-Rate Degradation in a Multimode Fiber Optic Transmission Link Due to Modal Noise (1986)

A review is given of the statistics of modal noise and of the expressions for the signal-to-noise ratio for the cases of a monochromatic and a nonmonochromatic light source including the effects of source frequency fluctuations. Using the results, a quantitative analysis is made of how modal noise degrades the bit-error-rate performance of a digital transmission link with multimode fiber. Plots of the bit-error rate versus the received optical power show the characteristic asymptotic behavior (BER floor); expressions are derived for the asymptotic BER. The power penalty due to modal noise can be considerably reduced by suitable system modifications, e.g., by optimization of the decision threshold setting or by application of a low coherent light source such as an LED or a laser diode operating with several spectral emission lines of low coherence and low partition noise.
Baroreflex responses to electrical stimulation of aortic depressor nerve in conscious SHR (2006)

Baroreflex responses to changes in arterial pressure are impaired in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and regional vascular resistances were measured before and during electrical stimulation (5-90 Hz) of the left aortic depressor nerve (ADN) in conscious SHR and normotensive control rats (NCR). The protocol was repeated after beta-adrenergic-receptor blockade with atenolol. SHR exhibited higher basal MAP (150 +/- 5 vs. 103 +/- 2 mmHg) and HR (393 +/- 9 vs. 360 +/- 5 beats/min). The frequency-dependent hypotensive response to ADN stimulation was preserved or enhanced in SHR. The greater absolute fall in MAP at higher frequencies (-68 +/- 5 vs. -38 +/- 3 mmHg at 90-Hz stimulation) in SHR was associated with a preferential decrease in hindquarter (-43 +/- 5%) vs. mesenteric (-27 +/- 3%) resistance. In contrast, ADN stimulation decreased hindquarter and mesenteric resistances equivalently in NCR (-33 +/- 7% and -30 +/- 7%). Reflex bradycardia was also preserved in SHR, although its mechanism differed. Atenolol attenuated the bradycardia in SHR (-88 +/- 14 vs. -129 +/- 18 beats/min at 90-Hz stimulation) but did not alter the bradycardia in NCR (-116 +/- 16 vs. -133 +/- 13 beats/min). The residual bradycardia under atenolol (parasympathetic component) was reduced in SHR. MAP and HR responses to ADN stimulation were also preserved or enhanced in SHR vs. NCR after deafferentation of carotid sinuses and contralateral right ADN. The results demonstrate distinct differences in central baroreflex control in conscious SHR vs. NCR. Inhibition of cardiac sympathetic tone maintains reflex bradycardia during ADN stimulation in SHR despite impaired parasympathetic activation, and depressor responses to ADN stimulation are equivalent or even greater in SHR due to augmented hindquarter vasodilation.
High-Current Ion Source (1959)

A high-current ion source is described that is of simple design and construction. It is capable of producing an ion beam of ½ amp. The energy spread of the ions is large.
Artificial Liver Support -- Pipe Dream or Reality? (1994)

Fulminant hepatic failure is characterized by the rapid appearance of jaundice, coagulopathy, and encephalopathy and reflects severe hepatocellular injury or necrosis. Acute viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury account for the vast majority of cases in developed nations; other causes include toxins, venous-outflow obstruction, and ischemia. Despite advances in our understanding of the pathophysiologic features of the disease and the establishment of specialized liver-failure units, mortality from fulminant hepatic failure ranges from 50 to 80 percent, depending on the cause.The liver destruction in fulminant hepatic failure is potentially reversible; the liver usually returns to normal in people who recover. . . .
DC-DC Converter Topologies for Electric Vehicles, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Fast Charging Stations: State of the Art and Future Trends (2019)

This article reviews the design and evaluation of different DC-DC converter topologies for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). The design and evaluation of these converter topologies are presented, analyzed and compared in terms of output power, component count, switching frequency, electromagnetic interference (EMI), losses, effectiveness, reliability and cost. This paper also evaluates the architecture, merits and demerits of converter topologies (AC-DC and DC-DC) for Fast Charging Stations (FCHARs). On the basis of this analysis, it has found that the Multidevice Interleaved DC-DC Bidirectional Converter (MDIBC) is the most suitable topology for high-power BEVs and PHEVs (> 10kW), thanks to its low input current ripples, low output voltage ripples, low electromagnetic interference, bidirectionality, high efficiency and high reliability. In contrast, for low-power electric vehicles (<10 kW), it is tough to recommend a single candidate that is the best in all possible aspects. However, the Sinusoidal Amplitude Converter, the Z-Source DC-DC converter and the boost DC-DC converter with resonant circuit are more suitable for low-power BEVs and PHEVs because of their soft switching, noise-free operation, low switching loss and high efficiency. Finally, this paper explores the opportunity of using wide band gap semiconductors (WBGSs) in DC-DC converters for BEVs, PHEVs and converters for FCHARs. Specifically, the future roadmap of research for WBGSs, modeling of emerging topologies and design techniques of the control system for BEV and PHEV powertrains are also presented in detail, which will certainly help researchers and solution engineers of automotive industries to select the suitable converter topology to achieve the growth of projected power density.
Translational research of VOLTAGE-A: Efficacy predictors of preoperative chemoradiotherapy and consolidation nivolumab in patients with both microsatellite stable and microsatellite instability-high locally advanced rectal cancer. (2021)

100 Background: In VOLTAGE-A, chemoradiotherapy (CRT; 50.4Gy with capecitabine, 1,650mg/m 2 ) followed by five cycles of consolidation nivolumab (nivo) (240mg q2 weeks) showed 30% pathological complete response [pCR; AJCC tumor regression grade (TRG) 0] and 38% major pathological responses (AJCC TRG 0-1) in patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) locally advanced primary rectal cancer (LARC). In addition, 60% pCR was observed in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) LARC. In this study, we aimed to determine the predictive biomarkers for efficacy of sequential preoperative CRT and consolidation nivo. Methods: Serial tumor biopsies were performed at four time points:pre-CRT; post-CRT; post-3 cycles of nivo; and pre-surgery. We analyzed the immune status of the patients by flow cytometry using the collected tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) dissociated from tumor samples. Whole exome and RNA sequencing analyses were conducted using the extracted DNA and RNA from tumor, respectively. The PD-L1 status of tumor samples was also evaluated by in vitro diagnostic immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Of the 38 MSS patients whose PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) was analyzable in pre-CRT samples, the pCR rates were 67% (6/9) and 17% (5/29) in positive (≥1%) and negative PD-L1 status (p = 0.009), respectively. Among the 24 MSS patients whose samples were serially collected, the pCR rates according to CD8 + T cells/effector regulatory T cells (CD8/eTreg) ratio in TILs of pre-CRT samples ≥2.5 and < 2.5 were 78% (7/9) and 13% (2/15), respectively (p = 0.003). The CD8/eTreg ratio in TILs was consistently high in patients with pCR during the study treatments. Ki-67 and PD-1 expression by CD8 + T cells in TILs was significantly high in pre-CRT samples from patients TRG 0-1. Conversely, in patients with TRG 2-3, CTLA-4 expression by both CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells in TILs was significantly high after five cycles of nivo, suggesting the potential resistance mechanisms of nivo monotherapy. Of the 21 MSS patients whose consensus molecular subtype (CMS) was analyzable, those with CMS1 and CMS3 tumors achieved 100% (2/2) and 60% (4/6) TRG 0-1, respectively. In contrast, patients with CMS2 and CMS4 tumors achieved 43% (3/7) and 29% (2/7) TRG 0-1, respectively. The tumor mutational burden (TMB) of pre-CRT samples in five MSI-H patients was higher than that in the 24 MSS patients (median: 13.2 vs. 0.99 mutation/Mbp, p < 0.0001). Among MSS patients, TMB was higher in patients with TRG 0-1 than in patients with TRG 2-3 (median: 1.45 vs. 0.84 mutation/Mbp, p = 0.016). Conclusions: Positive PD-L1 TPS; high CD8/eTreg ratio; Ki-67, PD-1, and CTLA-4 expression by CD8 + T cells in TILs; CMS 1 or 3; and high TMB can be good predictors of efficacy of preoperative CRT followed by nivo. Clinical trial information: NCT02948348.
Automated Fluid Rheology and ECD Management (2016)

Abstract Accurate measurement of drilling fluid rheological properties is essential in order to optimize wellbore construction, and in particular to properly manage hydraulics. It becomes even more crucial during deepwater drilling when a "narrow mud window" is present which may require the use of more advanced drilling technologies such as Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) and Dual Gradient Drilling (DGD). Operating these technologies properly requires the use of sophisticated hydraulic models that require accurate rheological information as input. However, a full mud check with determination of all relevant rheological parameters is usually only carried out once a day, and augmented with one or two partial checks in the 24h period. The results are also highly dependent on the mud engineer carrying out the tests. Such intermittent and unreliable measurements are unfortunately not sufficient to provide the required inputs for "real-time" hydraulic modeling and control. A more practical approach for a continuous, automated monitoring of the drilling fluid properties is therefore called for. In this paper, we introduce a practical automated approach with minimum maintenance efforts to continuously monitor the drilling fluid rheological parameters at the rig site. The method is based on the pipe viscometer approach rather than the traditional rotational viscometer method. Additional inputs for hydraulic models, such as mud density, transition to turbulent flow (critical Reynolds number), and real-time friction factor for non-Newtonian drilling and completion fluids can also be obtained using a pipe viscometer. A prototype of this equipment was constructed, tested, and fully automated in the lab. It was tested with several weighted and unweighted mud systems. During the measurement process, the driving pump was ramped up and held intermittently at various flow rates to measure the laminar frictional pressure loss in the pipe section. The data thus obtained was analyzed by software that generated a flow curve and from it derived relevant mud rheological parameters using a suitable rheological model. It also proved possible to extend the test to the turbulent flow regime and obtain the "true" friction factor in real-time for each particular fluid, rather than relying on a limited number of correlations that quite often exhibit inaccurate results, particularly for the Yield Power Law (YPL) fluids. Several successful tests with different mud systems indicate the reliability and robustness of the proposed technique. We believe that this approach is a major step towards achieving an effective fully automated system for mud rheology measurement, mud maintenance, and real-time management of ECD without any direct human interaction. The simple equipment set up and its fully automated measurement and data analysis processes make it highly suitable for field application. The days when mud engineers were laboriously working rotational viscometers are coming to an end, and the "one-click automated mud check" is becoming a reality.
Convolutional Attention Networks for Multimodal Emotion Recognition from Speech and Text Data (2018)

Emotion recognition has become a popular topic of interest, especially in the field of human computer interaction. Previous works involve unimodal analysis of emotion, while recent efforts focus on multi-modal emotion recognition from vision and speech. In this paper, we propose a new method of learning about the hidden representations between just speech and text data using convolutional attention networks. Compared to the shallow model which employs simple concatenation of feature vectors, the proposed attention model performs much better in classifying emotion from speech and text data contained in the CMU-MOSEI dataset.
COX-2 and PPAR-γ Confer Cannabidiol-Induced Apoptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells (2012)

The antitumorigenic mechanism of cannabidiol is still controversial. This study investigates the role of COX-2 and PPAR-γ in cannabidiol's proapoptotic and tumor-regressive action. In lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460) and primary cells from a patient with lung cancer, cannabidiol elicited decreased viability associated with apoptosis. Apoptotic cell death by cannabidiol was suppressed by NS-398 (COX-2 inhibitor), GW9662 (PPAR-γ antagonist), and siRNA targeting COX-2 and PPAR-γ. Cannabidiol-induced apoptosis was paralleled by upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ mRNA and protein expression with a maximum induction of COX-2 mRNA after 8 hours and continuous increases of PPAR-γ mRNA when compared with vehicle. In response to cannabidiol, tumor cell lines exhibited increased levels of COX-2-dependent prostaglandins (PG) among which PGD(2) and 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) caused a translocation of PPAR-γ to the nucleus and induced a PPAR-γ-dependent apoptotic cell death. Moreover, in A549-xenografted nude mice, cannabidiol caused upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ in tumor tissue and tumor regression that was reversible by GW9662. Together, our data show a novel proapoptotic mechanism of cannabidiol involving initial upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ and a subsequent nuclear translocation of PPAR-γ by COX-2-dependent PGs.
THE INTERACTION IN VITRO BETWEEN GROUP B MENINGOCOCCI AND RABBIT POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES (1967)

The interaction in vitro between group B meningococci and rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes has been described. Phagocytosis did not occur in the presence of normal rabbit serum. Antiserum collected 12-21 days following one subcutaneous inoculation of living log phase meningococci exhibited opsonic activity with type specificity; this opsonic action depended on both heat-labile and heat-stable factors. Following ingestion by granulocytes, meningococci were rapidly killed. These studies suggest that group B meningococcal strains contain specific antiphagocytic surface factors of an as yet unknown chemical nature. Antisera obtained 4 or more wk after immunization showed bactericidal activity with the same type specificity as opsonic activity. This bactericidal activity was also lost after heating and restored by the addition of normal serum. Further studies on opsonins and bactericidins for meningococci may shed light on virulence factors in these microorganisms, and may prove useful for a more precise classification of meningococci according to type rather than group specificity.
Hepatitis A and B Vaccination Practices for Ambulatory Patients Infected with HIV (2004)

Few studies exist of adherence to guidelines for vaccination of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), especially in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis in the HIV Outpatient Study sites, 198 (32.4%) of 612 patients eligible for hepatitis B vaccine received at least 1 dose. In multivariate analysis, hepatitis B vaccination was associated with HIV risk category, education level, and number of visits to the HIV clinic per year. Among 716 patients eligible for hepatitis A vaccine, 167 (23.3%) received > or =1 dose. Response to hepatitis B vaccination was associated with higher nadir CD4+ cell counts (P=.008) and HIV RNA levels less than the level of detection (P=.04), although some response was documented at all CD4+ levels. Although there were low rates of complete hepatitis vaccination in this cohort of ambulatory patients, prompt efforts to vaccinate patients entering care, receipt of antiretroviral therapy, and practice reminder systems may enhance vaccination practices.
[A new method for treating chronic blepharitis using magnetic compounds and an alternating magnetic field]. (1994)

Discusses a new method of clinical use of alternating magnetic field from 0.1 to 0.25 T and of a magnetic ointment composition with reduced iron powder in patients with chronic blepharitis. Such treatment was found fairly effective, reducing the rehabilitation periods 2-3-fold and giving a good clinical effect (41-87%).
Multi-resonant passive components for power conversion (2005)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.
Methods for solving regularized inverse problems : from non-Euclidean fidelities to computational imaging applications (2017)

Many branches of science and engineering are concerned with the problem of recording signals from physical phenomena. However, an acquisition system does not always directly provide the high-quality signal representations that a given application may require. Signal processing and the study of inverse problems offer a set of powerful tools to recover a good signal quality from altered raw measurements. After a preliminary overview of the field, this thesis presents three main contributions. They involve, in various degrees, the interconnected constituents of a regularized inverse problem: the forward model, the prior or regularization, the data fidelity, and the recovery method. The first and most theoretical contribution focuses on recovering a key structural property of a sparse signal, its support. It discusses guarantees associated to a convex optimization method with atypical fidelity, e.g., using a non-Euclidean norm. The second part introduces a method for learning a convolutional dictionary, which is to be used as a multimodal imaging prior. This constitutes, indeed, a practical way of sharing information between several imaging modalities, such as depth and light intensity, thus enhancing the reconstruction quality associated to each inverse problem. The last contribution revolves around the design of two multispectral compressive imaging strategies using spectrally filtered sensors. The first scheme relies on a generalized inpainting formulation in the multispectral volume, while the second system leverages the principles of compressed sensing from coded optical convolutions. The chapter studies and compares these two sensing models and discusses implementation challenges and tradeoffs. Each part of the thesis involves a detailed analysis that is validated by numerical experiments. The dissertation concludes with a discussion about the perspectives and open questions.
Antigen specificity of circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease. (1995)

Correlation of indirect immunofluorescence data and ELISA results indicated that even this large panel of specific antigens fails to identify all the ANCA targets in IBD. The lack of correlation between the findings of ANCAs, either in general or versus a specific target, and disease extent or activity in ulcerative colitis supports the suggestion that ANCAs are unlikely to be of primary importance in pathogenesis.