gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bi-directional charging topologies for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (2010)

The automotive industry is going through a major restructuring, and automakers are looking for new generations of hybrid vehicles called plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). In the event that PHEVs become more available and the number of PHEVs on the road increases, certain issues will need to be addressed. One vital issue is the method by which these vehicles will be charged and if today's grid can sustain the increased demand due to more PHEVs. Although these vehicles appear to pose a large liability to the grid, if executed properly, they can actually become an even larger asset. The grid can benefit greatly from having reserves that can store or release energy at the appropriate times. Enabling PHEVs to fulfill this niche will require a bi-directional interface between the grid and each vehicle. This bi-directional charger must have the capability to charge a PHEV's battery pack while producing minimal current harmonics and also have the ability to return energy back to the grid in accordance with regulations. This paper will first review some of the power electronic topologies of bi-directional AC-DC and DC-DC converters that fulfill these requirements and then discuss the best choice for combining two topologies to form a bidirectional charger.
Synthesis, structure and comparison of the DNA cleavage ability of metal complexes M(<scp>ii</scp>)L with the N-(2-ethoxyethanol)-bis(2-picolyl)amine ligand L (M = Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) (2004)

Complexes of a N,N-bis(2-picolyl)amine (bpa) derivative with a pendant ethoxyethanol side chain (bpa(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH) (1) with late divalent transition metal ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) have been studied. All complexes, [[bpa(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH]Co(NO3)](NO3) (1Co), [[bpa(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH]Ni(NO3)](NO3) (1Ni), [[bpa(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH]Cu(H2O)(NO3)](NO3) (1Cu) and [[bpa(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH]Zn(NO3)](NO3) (1Zn), were comprehensively characterized and their X-ray single crystal structures have been determined. The complexes show hexacoordinated geometries, in which 1 acts as a tetradentate (1Cu) or pentadentate (1Co, 1Ni and 1Zn) ligand. DNA cleavage experiments have been performed on supercoiled double stranded DNA plasmids in order to compare the cleavage efficiency of all four metals in the same ligand environment of 1. In this assay, 1Co and 1Cu showed the highest cleavage efficiency, whereas 1Ni and 1Zn were virtually inactive. Quantification of the gel electrophoresis bands showed that more than 80% of the plasmid has suffered at least one single strand cut in the case of 1Cu, and about 50% of the plasmid was nicked by 1Co. The differential cleavage activity is discussed in relation to the structural findings and a mechanism is proposed for 1Cu.
Cocaine Exposure Decreases GABA Neuron Migration from the Ganglionic Eminence to the Cerebral Cortex in Embryonic Mice (2004)

Recurrent exposure of the developing fetus to cocaine produces persistent alterations in structure and function of the cerebral cortex. Neurons of the cerebral cortex are derived from two sources: projection neurons from the neuroepithelium of the dorsal pallium and interneurons from the ganglionic eminence of the basal telencephalon. The interneurons are GABAergic and reach the cerebral cortex via a tangential migratory pathway. We found that recurrent, transplacental exposure of mouse embryos to cocaine from embryonic day 8 to 15 decreases tangential neuronal migration and results in deficits in GABAergic neuronal populations in the embryonic cerebral wall. GABAergic neurons of the olfactory bulb, which are derived from the ganglionic eminence via the rostral migratory pathway, are not affected by the cocaine exposure suggesting a degree of specificity in the effects of cocaine on neuronal migration. Thus, one mechanism by which prenatal cocaine exposure exerts deleterious effects on cerebral cortical development may be by decreasing GABAergic neuronal migration from the ganglionic eminence to the cerebral wall. The decreased GABA neuron migration may contribute to persistent structural and functional deficits observed in the exposed offspring.
A novel approach for digital waveform compression (2003)

The waveform data, which is gathered during digital simulation of large and complex systems easily fill up huge amounts of disk space on the simulation computer. This is specially true for many deep-submicron designs. Hence, we developed a set of algorithms and techniques which can be used to efficiently compress digital waveforms without losing any significant information from the original data. Experimental results show that compression ratios of up to 300 compared to a original VCD formatted file can be achieved.
Christiane Raynaud, « À la hache ! » Histoire et symbolique de la hache dans la France médiévale (XIIIe-XVe siècles). préface de Michel Pastoureau, Paris, Éditions Le Léopard d’Or, 2002 (2006)

Voila un ouvrage dont le titre insolite et provocateur augure de l’originalite et anticipe le deploiement febrile. Christiane Raynaud nous propose une somme sur la place et le role de la hache dans la societe medievale. « Tout sur la hache », en quelque sorte ! Mais son projet est aux antipodes de l’inventaire ou du catalogue. A partir de l’histoire d’un objet particulier, que son strict utilitarisme reduit apparemment a une fonction subalterne de service et d’auxiliariat, mais qui, par son u...
Theoretical and practical studies on chelate‐ca‐ph system in solution (1988)

Abstract The use of Fe chelates in agriculture for correcting Fe chlorosis is widespread. Stability diagrams are useful for expressing the equilibrium relationships between metal ions and chelates in soil systems. In this paper the chelate‐Ca‐pH relationships in solution were studied. Theoretical diagrams were compared to data obtained from the laboratory. Total Fe in solution is enhaced by the formation of Fe/B(OH)4‐ complexes. After speciation, the amount of Fe chelated in solution compared well with theoretical diagrams. The solubility of Fe3+ is discussed in relation to different solid phases. Key words: IronEDTADTPAEDDHAcalciumstability diagrams
Photoluminescence Blinking and Biexciton Auger Recombination in Single Colloidal Quantum Dots with Sharp and Smooth Core/Shell Interfaces (2020)

There is an inconsistence on whether a smooth core/shell interface can reduce Auger recombination and suppress photoluminescence (PL) blinking in single colloidal quantum dots (QDs). Here, we investigate the influence of a core/shell interface on PL blinking and biexciton Auger recombination by comparing the single-dot PL spectra of Cd<sub><i>x</i></sub>Zn<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Se<sub><i>y</i></sub>S<sub>1-<i>y</i></sub>/ZnS core/shell QDs with sharp and smooth interfaces. The inconsistence can be clarified when considering different PL blinking mechanisms. For the single QDs showing Auger blinking, a smooth core/shell interface potential can suppress PL blinking through reducing the Auger recombination. In contrast, we find slightly reduced biexciton Auger recombination rates but increased PL blinking activities in the band-edge carrier (BC)-blinking QDs with the smooth core/shell interface. This is because the smooth interface potential cannot reduce the PL blinking caused by the transfer of electrons to the surface states; however, there is potential to increase electron wave function delocalization for reducing the biexciton Auger recombination rate.
100 Gb/s Uncooled WDM System Using Conventional WDM Components and Advanced Receiver Signal Processing (2012)

We demonstrate an uncooled WDM system using standard WDM components and receiver signal processing, with a different number of receivers to transmitters, to allow wide temperature drift of the transmitter lasers. A 100 Gb/s 8-wavelength demonstrator has been developed, which proves the feasibility of the approach over 25 km of SMF.
Acid-Producing Activity of Lyophilized Lactic Streptococcal Cheese Starter Concentrates (1979)

Abstract Freeze-dried concentrates of lactic streptococcal starter bacteria (single and mixed strains) were prepared in different lyophilization media and stored under vacuum and several gases. The concentrates were tested for survival and acid-producing activity after storage for up to a year by rehydration with water to the original prelyophilization volume. Acid production was measured during incubation at 30 C for up to 6 h and 22 C for up to 18 h. Lyophilization media included 11% nonfat milk, nonfat milk containing 15% sodium glycerophosphate, nonfat milk containing 10% maltose, and sucrose-peptone (10%-5%) solution. Storage conditions included vacuum-sealing and storage under atmospheres of air, argon, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. Best results were with commercial mixed strain starter cultures of unknown strain composition which were purchased as direct vat set Cheddar cheese starters. Freeze dried concentrates of these cultures were active and stable at ambient temperatures (25 C) for several months when vacuum-sealed and stored in amber containers filled with argon and when lyophilized in 11% nonfat containing 15% sodium glycerophosphate. For example, freeze dried concentrates of 10 such cultures when stored for 5 to 8 months at 25 C produced an average percent titratable acidity of .97 (range .86 to 1.03) at 22 C in 18 h when inoculum was made into steamed (95 C for 40 min) nonfatmilk; when incubated at 30 C for 6 h, the average was .60% (range .35 to .80%) for freeze dried concentrates stored 3 to 4 mo. The apparent enhanced acid production by rehydrated concentrates incubated at 22 C as compared to 30 C suggests that such preparations may have greater application for direct inoculation of bulk starter milk than for cheese vat milk.
Preparation of zein microspheres conjugated with antitumor drugs available for selective cancer chemotherapy and development of a simple colorimetric determination of drugs in microspheres. (1989)

Zein microspheres conjugated with antitumor drugs (mitomycinc (MMC), daunomycin hydrochloride (DM), peplomycin sulfate (PEP] were prepared by using a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-H2O system. MMC with low solubility in H2O was easily entrapped by the standard procedure, whereas some modifications were required for moderately and highly soluble drugs such as DM and PEP. Colorimetric determination of the drugs in microspheres was easily achieved by use of the phenol-sulfuric acid method for drugs with sugar moieties in their molecules, such as DM and PEP, while a simple treatment of the microspheres with concentrated sulfuric acid was applied in the case of drugs having a chromophore in their molecules, such as DM and MMC.
Efficient two-hop wireless channel access protocol (2004)

It is getting popular to get access to the Internet through wireless LAN in hot spots such as an airport lounge, a hotel lobby, a cafe and a university campus. Although spatial coverage is limited, the comfortable speed is available there. However, there exist nodes that cannot communicate directly with an access point (AP) because of the distant location or the shadowing due to obstacles. In this paper, we investigate the protocol, which accommodates the nodes that cannot be directly accessible from an AP by introducing relaying capability, and propose a new effective two-hop wireless channel access protocol based upon HiperLAN/2. In the proposed scheme, the resources are reused at nodes separated far enough such that they do not cause packet collision. Thus, the throughput improvement is expected and is confirmed by computer simulation.
Magnetically Motive Porous Sphere Composite and Its Excellent Properties for the Removal of Pollutants in Water by Adsorption and Desorption Cycles (2006)

A unique, facile, and controllable route for the synthesis of magnetically motive porous sphere composites consisting of iron carbide, iron, and graphite is reported. The composites have a high surface area, large spheres, hierarchical micropores and macropores, good magnetic separability (see figure), and suitable hydrophobic and oleophilic properties. Pollutants can be almost completely adsorbed onto the composite and re-released in ethanol.
Prognostic and predictive value of long non-coding RNA GAS5 and mircoRNA-221 in colorectal cancer and their effects on colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion (2018)

The results revealed that LncRNA GAS5 was upregulated while the miR-221 was downregulated in the tissues, plasma and exosomes of patients with CRC. The results of ROC showed that the expressions of both lncRNA GAS5 and miR-221 in the tissues, plasma and exosomes had diagnostic value in CRC. While the LncRNA GAS5 expression in tissues, plasma and exosomes were associated with the tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, Dukes stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate, the MiR-221 expression in tissues, plasma and exosomes were associated with tumor size, TNM stage, Dukes stage, LNM, local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate. LncRNA GAS5 and miR-221 expression in tissues, plasma and exosomes were found to be independent prognostic factors for CRC. Following the overexpression of GAS5, the GAS5 expressions was up-regulated and miR-221 expression was down-regulated; the rate of cell proliferation, migration and invasion were decreased.
AcpA Is a<i>Francisella</i>Acid Phosphatase That Affects Intramacrophage Survival and Virulence (2006)

AcpA of Francisella spp. is a respiratory-burst-inhibiting acid phosphatase that also exhibits phospholipase C activity. To better understand the molecular basis of AcpA in virulence, a deletion of acpA was constructed in Francisella novicida. The phosphatase and lipase activities were reduced 10-fold and 8-fold, respectively, in the acpA mutant compared to the wild type and were found mostly associated with the outer membrane. The acpA mutant was more susceptible to intracellular killing than the wild-type strain in the THP-1 human macrophage-like cell line. In addition, mice infected with the acpA mutant survived longer than the wild-type strain and were less fit than the wild-type strain in competition infection assays. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the acpA mutant was delayed in escape from macrophage phagosomes, as more than 75% of acpA mutant bacteria could still be found inside phagosomes after 12 h of infection in THP-1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages, whereas most of the wild-type bacteria had escaped from the phagosome by 6 h postinfection. Thus, AcpA affects intracellular trafficking and the fate of Francisella within host macrophages.
Double immunocytochemical staining in the study of antibody-producing cells in vivo. Simultaneous detection of anti-hapten and anti-carrier antibody-producing cells in lymphoid tissue. (1984)

Mice were injected intravenously with 2 mg of a bovine gamma globulin-penicilloyl (BGG-Pen) conjugate. Cells producing specific antibodies against the protein carrier bovine gamma globulin (BGG) and cells producing specific antibodies against the hapten penicilloyl (Pen) could be distinguished simultaneously in the same spleen section using a combined peroxidase (HRP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) immunocytochemical technique. AP-BGG conjugate was used for detection of anti-BGG-producing cells and HRP-human serum albumin (HSA)-Pen conjugate, prepared by coupling penicillin to HRP-HSA conjugate, was used for detection of anti-Pen-producing cells in the same spleen section. After performing both HRP and AP cytochemistry, cells with a blue-stained cytoplasm represent anti-BGG-producing cells and cells with a red-stained cytoplasm represent anti-Pen-producing cells.
A report on the use in New Zealand of hole's complement-fixation test for Johne's Disease (1955)

Abstract Extract Johne's Disease is recognized as a veterinary problem of major importance. In New Zealand, the disease was in all probability imported in infected but apparently healthy cattle, and has since caused appreciable losses in dairy cattle, particularly in Taranaki, Waikato, and Auckland; in the Wairarapa and also in the South Island, the disease has been occurring for some time. An indication of the increasing recognition of its importance is given by the annual reports of the New Zealand Department of Agriculture; from 1946 to 1950 compensation was paid on 94, 151, 207, 244, and 303 head of cattle respectively. These figures, moreover, give only an indication of the extent of the disease; Stephens (1955 Stephens, E. H. 1955. Private communication [Google Scholar]) states that Johne's Disease is the major source of wastage in cattle in Taranaki, causing even greater losses than tuberculosis; by 1950, Stephens had confirmed 369 infected properties in Taranaki alone, but he states that the actual number of infected farms must by now be a multiple (sic) of this.
Nonlinear characterization of a simple process in human vision (2009)

Perceptual processes are often modeled as linear filters followed by a decisional rule. This simple model is central to the understanding of visual processing in humans. Its scope may be extended to capture a wider range of behaviors by the addition of nonlinear operators or kernels, but there is no evidence in human sensory processing that these operators are able to enhance the linear description. We focused on a simple process in human vision, the perception of brightness in a center-surround annular stimulus. We used psychophysical reverse correlation to fully characterize this process up to its second-order nonlinearity. The resulting characterization was then used to reconstruct/predict individual responses by the human observers, a process that was significantly enhanced by the addition of the nonlinear kernels. These results provide direct evidence that behavioral second-order kernels can be successfully derived using reverse correlation, and furthermore that they can be effectively exploited to simulate human vision. We show that the former result does not imply the latter by performing a second series of experiments involving orientation-defined textures, for which no measurable benefit was gained from the addition of second-order kernels.
Complete nucleotide sequence of the<i>E. coli</i>N-acetylneuraminate lyase (1985)

The nucleotide sequence of the cloned DNA, 1,243 bp in length coding for N-acetylneuraminate lyase (N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase; NPL) of Escherichia coli has been determined. Nucleotide sequence and amino acid analysis have assigned the open reading frame for NPL, starting with the ATG near its 5'terminus. The molecular weight calculated from the predicted amino acid sequence was 32,640 daltons, being in good agreement with that of a NPL subunit estimated by the SDS-PAGE method and amino acid composition. Several signal sequences conserved in the promoter regions of E. coli were found in the npl gene. They were the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, the Pribnow box and the sequence coserved in the "-35 region" and they were separated to each other with preferable spacing for an efficient transcription. Downstream from the termination codon, the inverted repeat sequence was present, followed by 4 successive T's.
Elucidating the Germination Transcriptional Program Using Small Molecules     (2008)

The transition from seed to seedling is mediated by germination, a complex process that starts with imbibition and completes with radicle emergence. To gain insight into the transcriptional program mediating germination, previous studies have compared the transcript profiles of dry, dormant, and germinating after-ripened Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds. While informative, these approaches did not distinguish the transcriptional responses due to imbibition, shifts in metabolism, or breaking of dormancy from those triggered by the initiation of germination. In this study, three mechanistically distinct small molecules that inhibit Arabidopsis seed germination (methotrexate, 2, 4-dinitrophenol, and cycloheximide) were identified using a small-molecule screen and used to probe the germination transcriptome. Germination-responsive transcripts were defined as those with significantly altered transcript abundance across all inhibitory treatments with respect to control germinating seeds, using data from ATH1 microarrays. This analysis identified numerous germination regulators as germination responsive, including the DELLA proteins GAI, RGA, and RGL3, the abscisic acid-insensitive proteins ABI4, ABI5, ABI8, and FRY1, and the gibberellin receptor GID1A. To help visualize these and other publicly available seed microarray data, we designed a seed mRNA expression browser using the electronic Fluorescent Pictograph platform. An overall decrease in gene expression and a 5-fold greater number of transcripts identified as statistically down-regulated in drug-inhibited seeds point to a role for mRNA degradation or turnover during seed germination. The genes identified in our study as responsive to germination define potential uncharacterized regulators of this process and provide a refined transcriptional signature for germinating Arabidopsis seeds.
Recent Advances in the C2 and C3 Regioselective Direct Arylation of Indoles (2012)

TEST 02 - Elsevier's Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Primary structure of the β‐subunit of bovine transducin deduced from the cDNA sequence (1985)

DNA complementary to the bovine retinal mRNA coding for the beta-subunit of transducin has been cloned by screening a cDNA library with oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned cDNA has revealed that this polypeptide consists of 340 amino acid residues (including the initiating methionine). Furthermore, cDNA hybridizable with a transducin beta-subunit cDNA probe has been cloned from a library derived from bovine brain poly(A)+ RNA. Comparison of the cloned cDNAs, in conjunction with blot hybridization analysis and S1 nuclease mapping of poly(A)+ RNA from bovine retina, brain and liver, suggests that the mRNAs coding for the beta-subunits of transducin and other guanine nucleotide binding proteins have the same protein-coding sequence but partly different 5'-noncoding sequences.
Cyclic degradation of antagonistic shape memory actuated structures (2008)

Antagonistic shape memory actuated structures exploit opposing pairs of one-way shape memory alloy (SMA) linear actuators to create devices capable of a fully reversible response. Unlike many conventional reversible SMA devices they do not require bias force components (springs) to return them to their pre-actuated configuration. However, the repeated use of SMA antagonistic devices results in the accumulation of plastic strain in the actuators which can diminish their actuation stroke. We have investigated this phenomenon and the effect of shape memory alloy pre-strain upon it for near equi-atomic NiTi actuators. We find that the degradation eventually stabilizes during cycling. A thermomechanical treatment has been found to significantly reduce degradation in cyclic response of the actuators.
Scanning tunneling microscopy, resonant tunneling, and counting electrons: A quantum standard of current (1990)

We present the theory for establishing a quantum standard of current. This is achieved by operating a scanning tunneling microscope at resonant tunneling through small metallic grains deposited on oxide layers, which exhibit Coulomb blockade. By adjusting the scanning period of the tip, a fixed number of electrons per oscillation can be made to tunnel. The current is directly related to the frequency and the electron charge.