gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> determination of red cell alloantibody significance using an assay of monocyte‐macrophage interaction with sensitized erythrocytes (1984)

One hundred and forty-eight red cell alloantibodies, of specificities generally considered to be of clinical significance, were studied in vitro for their ability to induce phagocytosis of sensitized red cells by allogeneic mononuclear phagocytes. Results indicate that only 53% of the alloantibodies studied mediated significant phagocytosis in vitro. The percentages for each blood group system were as follows: Kell, 73%; Jka, 32%; Jkb, 67%; D, 75%; E, 60%; Fya, 62%; Yta, 25%; Ge, 22%; and Vel, 25%. Significant phagocytosis was independent of the strength of the indirect antiglobulin test. The percentage of anti-Jka and anti-Fya mediating significant phagocytosis was increased when fresh complement was added during the sensitization procedure and/or red cells homozygous for the antigen in question were used. The in vivo clinical significance or lack of significance was documented for nine alloantibodies; five caused haemolysis and four did not. Those causing in vivo haemolysis mediated in vitro phagocytosis by monocyte-macrophages whereas the antibodies that did not result in haemolysis showed no increased in vitro phagocytosis. Autologous monocytes were more reliable than random allogeneic monocytes in that phagocytosis was increased over that obtained using allogeneic monocyte-macrophages with two of four alloantibodies having documented clinical significance. The use of target red cells homozygous for the antigen in question, the addition of fresh complement in the antibody sensitization procedure, and use of autologous and allogeneic monocyte-macrophages appear necessary for optimal results. Since 47% of those alloantibodies generally considered to be clinically significant failed to mediate phagocytosis in vitro, the monocyte-macrophage assay should not be considered a predictive assay of a given alloantibody's in vivo significance or lack of significance until more extensive correlation of these assays with in vivo red blood cell survival is obtained.
An Integrated Long-Term Solution for Migratory Fines Damage (2003)

Abstract Mobilization of fines can severely damage a well's productivity and is one of the more costly sources of well damage identified to date. Termed fines migration, the phenomenon is complex but governed largely by mineralogy, permeability, salinity and pH changes as well as drag forces created by flow velocity, turbulence and fluid viscosity1–10. Over the years various mixtures containing hydrogen fluoride (HF) acid or its precursors have been used to dissolve fines and increase permeability in sandstones. However, it has been noted in considerable prior literature11–21 that these treatments can result in relatively shallow penetration due to the rapid spending of HF. Frequently the treatment is limited to a few inches in the formation beyond the wellbore region and this allows future fines re-invasion into the near well bore. Also fines acidizing alone is merely treating the symptom rather than the underlying cause and it can be assumed that the duration of the benefit is limited to how long it takes for fines to be released and begin to restrict flow again. Thus, a concern for operators is the fact that the benefit of HF acid treatments for fines can be short-lived. Other treatments were developed to fix fines in place21–22 however these systems have not been widely used. The optimum treatment for fines would integrate techniques to dissolve fines, enlarge pore-throat size to diminish near wellbore particle bridging, and finally to "lock-in-place" those fines that are not removed by the treatment. Furthermore, a long-term, integrated solution must address the mechanism of fines migration so that a comprehensive approach to the problem may be employed. This paper reviews fines damage mechanisms and presents a fluid system to correct fines damage and prevent fines migration in a single treatment, while keeping acidizing risk at a minimum. The new system uses an organo-phosphonic acid (HV) to generate and moderate HF for deep penetration and an organosilane fines-fixing agent (FFA).
Salicylate activates AMPK and synergizes with metformin to reduce the survival of prostate and lung cancer cells <i>ex vivo</i> through inhibition of <i>de novo</i> lipogenesis (2015)

Aspirin, the pro-drug of salicylate, is associated with reduced incidence of death from cancers of the colon, lung and prostate and is commonly prescribed in combination with metformin in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Salicylate activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by binding at the A-769662 drug binding site on the AMPK β1-subunit, a mechanism that is distinct from metformin which disrupts the adenylate charge of the cell. A hallmark of many cancers is high rates of fatty acid synthesis and AMPK inhibits this pathway through phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). It is currently unknown whether targeting the AMPK-ACC-lipogenic pathway using salicylate and/or metformin may be effective for inhibiting cancer cell survival. Salicylate suppresses clonogenic survival of prostate and lung cancer cells at therapeutic concentrations achievable following the ingestion of aspirin (<1.0 mM); effects not observed in prostate (PNT1A) and lung (MRC-5) epithelial cell lines. Salicylate concentrations of 1 mM increased the phosphorylation of ACC and suppressed de novo lipogenesis and these effects were enhanced with the addition of clinical concentrations of metformin (100 μM) and eliminated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) deficient in AMPK β1. Supplementation of media with fatty acids and/or cholesterol reverses the suppressive effects of salicylate and metformin on cell survival indicating the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis is probably important. Pre-clinical studies evaluating the use of salicylate based drugs alone and in combination with metformin to inhibit de novo lipogenesis and the survival of prostate and lung cancers are warranted.
A “Percent Correction” Formula for Evaluation of Mixing Studies (2002)

The study examined a "percent correction" formula for evaluating mixing study results comparing a 1:1 mix with a new 4:1 mix of patient plasma with citrated normal plasma for a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and/or prothrombin time (PT). The study also examined 3 suggested definitions of correction for evaluating mixing study results for comparison. Applicability of percent correction for evaluating the aPTT 4:1 mix testing with and without incubation also was studied. Our results showed that percent correction of the aPTT or PT 4:1 mix had an overall good sensitivity and specificity for detecting anticoagulant and factor deficiency and was better than that of the aPTT or PT 1:1 mix. The 3 suggested definitions of correction all had a poor sensitivity for detecting anticoagulant. The percent correction of the aPTT 4:1 mix testing after incubation had better sensitivity and specificity that that of testing immediately. Nevertheless, these procedures were complementary to each other. The percent correction using the aPTT or PT 4:1 mix seemed to offer a simple, objective, and effective criterion for evaluating mixing study results.
Correction to "High Performance Digital Resonant Controllers Implemented With Two Integrators" [Feb 11 563-576] (2012)

In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 563-576, Feb. 2011), there were errors in Figs. 3 and 9. The correct figures are presented here. Note that now the adder signs in the resonant poles correction are not always positive, as they were in the original paper, but alternatively positive and negative, in accordance to (9) from this paper, which is reproduced here.
Synthesis and conjugation of ZnO nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin for biological applications (2012)

Semiconductor nanomaterials tagged with biomarkers may be used for an early fluorescence-based detection of breast cancer. ZnO nanoparticles are water-soluble, non-toxic, photo-chemically stable with highly fluorescence applicability and are regarded for their possible biocompatibility. As a long-term research planning, we are aiming to use QDs conjugated with serum-biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The present work is a part in the said direction and reports preliminary observations on the synthesis and conjugation of ZnO nanoparticles with a representative protein marker.
The outer membrane proteins of the fish pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida and Edwardsiella tarda (1985)

The profiles of the outer membrane proteins contained many major proteins and were markedly different in a number of Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from various origins. In contrast, the profiles of outer membrane proteins in Aeromonas salmonicida from different sources were identical and quite different from those of A. hydrophila.
Congestion and flow control in Signaling System No. 7—impacts of intelligent networks and new services (1994)

Focuses on the transient performance analysis of the congestion and flow control mechanisms in CCITT Signaling System No. 7 (SS7). Special attention is directed to the impacts of the introduction of intelligent services and new applications, e.g., Freephone, credit card services, user-to-user signaling, etc. In particular, the authors show that signaling traffic characteristics like signaling scenarios or signaling message length as well as end-to-end signaling capabilities have a significant influence on the congestion and flow control and, therefore, on the real-time signaling performance. One important result of the performance studies is that if, e.g., intelligent services are introduced, the SS7 congestion and flow control does not work correctly. To solve this problem, some reinvestigations into these mechanisms would be necessary. Therefore, some approaches, e.g., modification of the signaling connection control part (SCCP) congestion control, usage of the SCCP relay function, or a redesign of the message transfer part (MTP) flow control procedures are discussed in order to guarantee the efficacy of the congestion and flow control mechanisms also in the future.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Confinement of Laser Plasma by Solenoidal Field for Laser Ion Source (2010)

A laser ion source can provide high-current highly-charged ions with a simple structure. Previously we have demonstrated acceleration of >60 mA carbon and aluminum ion beams using a direct plasma injection scheme. However, it was not easy to control the ion pulse width. Especially to provide longer ion pulse, a plasma drift length which is the distance between laser target and extraction point, has to be extended and the plasma is diluted severely. We apply a solenoid field to prevent reduction of ion density at the extraction point. A solenoid field of a few hundred Gauss enhanced the ion density up to 40 times. We present these results, including details of the solenoidal field effects on the expanding laser plasma.
AUTOMATED TRANSIT SYSTEM REDUCES WALKING IN EXPANDING AIRPORT (1971)

AIRPORT TERMINAL BUILDINGS AND THEIR PARKING AREAS INCREASE IN SIZE AS AIR TRAFFIC INCREASES, USALLY RESULTING IN EVER-LONGER WALKING DISTANCES FOR AIRPORT USERS. AT SEATTLE-TACOMA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, HOWEVER, A COMBINATION OF GOOD DESIGN OF THE CURRENT EXPANSION AND AN AUTOMATED TRANSIT SYSTEM WILL REVERSE THE TREND TOWARD INCREASING WALKING DISTANCES. THE TERMINAL CONCEPT EMPLOYS TWO NEW SATELLITE BUILDINGS. IN ADDITION, EXISTING CONCOURSES ARE BEING EXTENSIVELY REBUILT, AND A MULTISTORY PARKING FACILITY IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. THE CONCEPT DEPENDS ON A METHOD OF MOVING PEOPLE TO AND FROM THE SATELLITE BUILDINGS AND TO AND FROM THE ENDS OF CONCOURSES 900 FEET FROM THE MAIN TERMINAL. THAT METHOD IS THE AUTOMATED SATELLITE TRANSIT SYSTEM WHICH CONSISTS OF AUTOMATED VEHICLES RUNNING THROUGH TUNNELS, SINGLY OR IN TRAINS ACCORDING TO TRAFFIC DEMAND. /AUTHOR/
A frame-shift mutation in the androgen receptor gene causes complete androgen insensitivity in the testicularfeminized mouse (1991)

The testicular feminized (Tfm) mouse lacks completely androgen responsiveness; and therefore, is unique for studying the role of androgenic steroids in different biological processes. In order to understand the molecular basis of this mutation, 2.8 kilobases of cDNA encoding the Tfm mouse androgen receptor (AR) were amplified with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. No large deletion in the coding region of the Tfm mouse AR was detected. However, sequence analysis revealed a single base deletion in the coding region of the Tfm AR mRNA. This mutation, which is located in the amino-terminus domain of the receptor, is predicted to cause a frame-shift in translation resulting in a premature termination of AR synthesis at amino acid 412. In vitro translation studies of the recombinant wild type and Tfm AR's demonstrated that the Tfm AR cDNA failed to produce a full-length receptor. Furthermore, the Tfm AR was demonstrated to lack transcriptional activation capability by cotransfection experiments using the Tfm AR with a reporter plasmid of mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. These studies provide evidence of the molecular defect which causes androgen insensitivity in the Tfm mouse.
Reservoir Characterization Using Fuzzy Kriging and Deep Learning Neural Networks (2016)

Abstract The sandy-clayed heavy oil hydrocarbon reservoirs of the Miocene formations in San Joaquin Valley, California, present relatively high complex geologic settings. These reservoirs consist in general of sandstone, silts and shale bodies, and present anywhere from six to eight degrees of inclination. Geostatistical tools were used to characterize the reservoir and develop a full earth model for the field. The data used was mainly based on the suite of resistivity logs (shallow, medium and deep), which seems to best represent the formations, while a classic kriging technique was used for modeling. In the present research, we introduce a new approach for characterization of these heavy-oil reservoirs by using fuzzy kriging and deep learning neural networks. The new model better captures the uncertainty associated with the characteristics of the reservoirs. Once successfully trained, the system was applied to generate a 3D earth model and estimate reservoir properties at any point in the field. The new earth model successfully improves the resolution and realization of the subsurface model, as compared to the existing one developed using classic kriging. Integrating fuzzy kriging solves the limitation of smoothness of kriging estimation and reproduction of extreme values. Additional capability includes generation of synthetic logs for wells anywhere in the reservoir, with a significant application for infill drilling. The methodology presented in this research proved to be very successful as developed for modeling alluvial deposits such as the heavy oil reservoirs in San Joaquin Valley, California. Further research should be considered to address other geologies where laterally formations vary in characteristics or where pinch outs or faulting occur.
Noncollapsing Space-Filling Designs for Bounded Nonrectangular Regions (2012)

Many researchers use computer simulators as experimental tools, especially when physical experiments are infeasible. When computer codes are computationally intensive, nonparametric predictors can be fitted to training data for detailed exploration of the input–output relationship. The accuracy of such flexible predictors is enhanced by taking training inputs to be “space-filling.” If there are inputs that have little or no effect on the response, it is desirable that the design be “noncollapsing” in the sense of having space-filling lower dimensional projections. This article describes an algorithm for constructing noncollapsing space-filling designs for bounded input regions that are of possibly high dimension. Online supplementary materials provide the code for the algorithm, examples of its use, and show its performance in multiple settings
Coherent Detection Method Using DSP for Demodulation of Signal and Subsequent Equalization of Propagation Impairments (2004)

A new approach to coherent detection is demonstrated which achieves the same high sensitivity as homodyne detection but without the need to phase lock the local oscillator laser. In addition, 1470 ps/nm of chromatic dispersion is compensated with zero net penalty by electronic domain equalization, a result which has not been achieved before because zero-penalty equalization is not possible after direct detection. The method proposes the use of high-speed digital signal processing technology, and the experimental results are obtained using burst-mode sampling followed by offline signal processing.
Online Optimization in X-Armed Bandits (2008)

Bandit problems with continuous set of arms arise in many settings. Of particular interest for this workshop are the cases of on-line parameter tuning or optimization of controllers based on simulations. We formalize the problem as follows. We consider an arbitrary set X (we do not talk about measurability issues in this extended abstract), whose elements will be referred to as arms. A decision maker “pulls”
Switching field phase diagram of Co nanoring magnets (2003)

We have studied the magnetic switching behavior of arrays of Co ring elements as a function of film thickness (2⩽t⩽32 nm), ring width (0.15⩽w⩽0.7 μm), and external diameter (0.5⩽D⩽2.0 μm), using magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry. For thick rings, two stable magnetic states are observed, a high remanence state (called the “onion” state) and a low remanence state (called the vortex state). The switching field for the transition from the onion to the vortex state increases with increasing thickness t and external diameter D, and with decreasing width w. In particular, for thin rings, the switching occurs between the two oppositely magnetized onion states, i.e., no vortex states develop during the reversal process. The transition between these two regimes depends on the diameter and width of the rings, and phase diagrams for the dependence of the switching behavior on the geometric parameters are presented. The switching behavior is discussed in terms of the competition between the exchange and magnetostatic energy terms.
Study on Preparation of Siji Pomelo Vinegar Beverage (2009)

[Objective]The purpose of this research was to study the optimum formula for producing Siji pomelo vinegar beverage.[Method] Siji pomelo was used to produce original vinegar after ethanol and acetic fermentation.After mixing the original vinegar with other adjunct material,a high quality vinegar beverage was obtained.The best technical formula was determined through orthogonal experiment.[Result]The results indicated that the optimum formula was primary vinegar addition amount 10%,sucrose content 10%,pH value 4.2 and calcium lactate addition amount 0.15%.[Conclusion]This study will provide the theoretical references for deep process of Siji pomelo.
Uncertainty Modeling of Gate Delay Considering Multiple Input Switching (2005)

With the continual advancement in manufacturing technologies and the resultant process variations, delay variability is becoming increasingly significant. Statistical models have become mandatory to model the delay variability. It has also been experimentally proved that ignoring multiple input switching and approximating it by single input switching results in significant error. We propose a new gate delay model that considers the impact of both process variations and multiple input switching. The proposed model uses an orthogonal polynomial based probabilistic collocation method to construct a delay analytical equation from a circuit's output response. The obtained analytical equation is used to evaluate the output delay distribution. Experimental results show that our approach gives a mean delay error less than 0.1% and a standard deviation error less than 2% when compared with Monte Carlo analysis.
ClothAssembler: a CAD Module for Feature-based Garment Pattern Assembly (2005)

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.
Complementary Learning Systems (2011)

This paper reviews the fate of the central ideas behind the complementary learning systems (CLS) framework as originally articulated in McClelland, McNaughton, and O'Reilly (1995). This framework explains why the brain requires two differentially specialized learning and memory systems, and it nicely specifies their central properties (i.e., the hippocampus as a sparse, pattern-separated system for rapidly learning episodic memories, and the neocortex as a distributed, overlapping system for gradually integrating across episodes to extract latent semantic structure). We review the application of the CLS framework to a range of important topics, including the following: the basic neural processes of hippocampal memory encoding and recall, conjunctive encoding, human recognition memory, consolidation of initial hippocampal learning in cortex, dynamic modulation of encoding versus recall, and the synergistic interactions between hippocampus and neocortex. Overall, the CLS framework remains a vital theoretical force in the field, with the empirical data over the past 15 years generally confirming its key principles.
Phospholipase A2 activity of low density lipoprotein: evidence for an intrinsic phospholipase A2 activity of apoprotein B-100. (1990)

During oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) there is extensive degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) to lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PtdCho), with the removal of fatty acids from the 2 position. The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity responsible for hydrolysis is closely associated with LDL. By use of lipoxygenase-oxidized 2-[1-14C]linoleoyl PtdCho as the substrate and delipidated apoprotein B (apo-B), evidence is presented to show that (i) the activity is destroyed progressively during the oxidative modification of LDL; (ii) p-bromophenacyl bromide (pBPB), a histidine modifier that inhibits the oxidative modification of LDL, also substantially inhibits the PLA2 activity; and (iii) photooxidation of LDL in the presence of Rose Bengal completely inactivates the enzyme with concomitant loss of apo-B histidine residues. High molecular weight proteins from delipidated LDL, separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, showed PLA2 activity. It is suggested that apo-B itself may possess PLA2 activity.
Epigenetic regulation of monoallelic gene expression (2012)

Monoallelic expression from biallelic genes is frequently observed in diploid eukaryotic organisms. Classic examples of this phenomenon include the well-characterized cases of genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation. However, recent studies have shown that monoallelic expression is widespread in autosomal genes. This discovery was met with great interest because it represents another mechanism to generate diversity in gene expression that can affect cell fate and physiology. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are largely unknown. In our original study describing the dominant ⁄ recessive relationships of pollen- determinant alleles in Brassica self-incompatibility, we found that the recessive allele was specifically methylated and silenced through the action of small RNA derived from the dominant allele. In this review, we focus on recent studies of monoallelic expression in autosomal genes, and discuss the possible mechanisms driving this form of monoallelic gene suppression.