gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scalability and Performance Evaluation of Hierarchical Hybrid Wireless Networks (2009)

This paper considers the problem of scaling ad hoc wireless networks now being applied to urban mesh and sensor network scenarios. Previous results have shown that the inherent scaling problems of a multihop ldquoflatrdquo ad hoc wireless network can be improved by a ldquohybrid networkrdquo with an appropriate proportion of radio nodes with wired network connections. In this work, we generalize the system model to a hierarchical hybrid wireless network with three tiers of radio nodes: low-power end-user mobile nodes (MNs) at the lowest tier, higher power radio forwarding nodes (FNs) that support multihop routing at intermediate level, and wired access points (APs) at the highest level. Scalability properties of the proposed three-tier hierarchical hybrid wireless network are analyzed, leading to an identification of the proportion of FNs and APs as well as transmission range required for linear increase in end-user throughput. In particular, it is shown analytically that in a three-tier hierarchical network with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nA</i> APs, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nF</i> FNs, and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nM</i> MNs, the low-tier capacity increases linearly with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nF</i> , and the high-tier capacity increases linearly with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nA</i> when <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nA</i> = Omega(radic{ <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nF</i> }) and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">A</sub> = O( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nF</i> ). This analytical result is validated via <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ns</i> -2 simulations for an example dense network scenario, and the model is used to study scaling behavior and performance as a function of key parameters such as AP and FN node densities for different traffic patterns and bandwidth allocation at each tier of the network.
Hair matrix germinative epidermal cells confer follicle-inducing capabilities on dermal sheath and high passage papilla cells (1996)

Low passage cultured dermal papilla cells from adult rats stimulate complete hair follicle neogenesis when re-implanted into heterotypic skin. In contrast, cultured sheath cells are non-inductive despite sharing other behavioural characteristics (a common lineage and in situ proximity) with papilla cells. However, since sheath cells can behave inductively in amputated follicles after regenerating the papilla, this poses the question of what influences the sheath to papilla cell transition? During reciprocal tissue interactions specific epidermal cues are crucial to skin appendage development, and while in vivo assays to date have focussed on dermal interactive influence, our aim was to investigate epidermal potential. We have previously observed that hair follicle epidermal cells display exceptional interactive behaviour when combined with follicle dermal cells in vitro. Thus in the present study, hair follicle germinative, outer root sheath or skin basal epidermal cells were separately combined with each of three non-inductive dermal cell types (high passage papilla, low passage sheath or fibroblast) and then implanted into small ear skin wounds. The sheath/germinative and papilla/germinative cell implants repeatedly induced giant vibrissa-type follicles and fibres. In complete contrast, any single cell type and all other forms of recombination were consistently non-inductive. Hence, the adult germinative epidermal cells enable non-inductive adult dermal cells to stimulate hair follicle neogenesis, effectively, by altering their 'status', causing the sheath cells to 'specialise' and the 'aged' papilla cells to 'rejuvenate'.
Performance of a reentrant cavity beam position monitor (2008)

The beam-based alignment and feedback systems, essential operations for the future colliders, require high resolution beam position monitors (BPMs). In the framework of the European CARE/SRF program, a reentrant cavity BPM with its associated electronics was developed by the CEA/DSM/Irfu in collaboration with DESY. The design, the fabrication, and the beam test of this monitor are detailed within this paper. This BPM is designed to be inserted in a cryomodule, work at cryogenic temperature in a clean environment. It has achieved a resolution better than $10\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ and has the possibility to perform bunch to bunch measurements for the x-ray free electron laser (X-FEL) and the International Linear Collider (ILC). Its other features are a small size of the rf cavity, a large aperture (78 mm), and an excellent linearity. A first prototype of a reentrant cavity BPM was installed in the free electron laser in Hamburg (FLASH), at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) and demonstrated its operation at cryogenic temperature inside a cryomodule. The second, installed, also, in the FLASH linac to be tested with beam, measured a resolution of approximately $4\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ over a dynamic range $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mm}$ in single bunch.
Notes. Rearrangement of 4-Amino-6-chloro-1-methylpyrazolo (3,4-d)pyrimidine in Basic Solution (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes. Rearrangement of 4-Amino-6-chloro-1-methylpyrazolo (3,4-d)pyrimidine in Basic SolutionC Cheng and Roland RobinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 10, 1570–1571Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1959Publication History Published online14 July 2003Published inissue 1 October 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01092a606https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01092a606research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Silica-Supported Boron Phosphate Catalyst Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition (1991)

Abstract A silica-supported boron phosphate (BPO4) catalyst was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using mixtures of boron triethoxide and phosphoryl trimethoxide. Both the amount and the P/B ratio of deposited BPO4 were changed with the CVD temperature and time. At the optimum CVD temperature of 300°C, the amount of deposited BPO4 was linearly increased with the CVD time. When alkoxide mixtures with the desired P/B ratio were used as CVD sources at 300°C, the expected P/B ratios were available. At CVD temperatures below 300°C, neither a sufficient amount nor a desired P/B ratio was given. On the other hand, above 325°C, the deposition was suppressed by blocking the micropore of silica, especially for long-time CVD operation, owing to the too fast deposition. Although the resulting surface compound was amorphous, it was revealed to have microstructures of BPO4 by means of a 31P NMR measurement. The amorphous BPO4 dispersed highly on silica exhibited a high catalytic efficiency for the isomerization of 1-butene and a simultaneous oligomerization of 1-butane in comparison with a catalyst prepared by the conventional impregnation method.
An experimental application of microprocessors to railway signalling (1978)

The Research & Development Division of British Rail is engaged in a programme of development which, it is hoped, will result in a microprocessor-based alternative to the electromechanical interlocking equipment used in present-day signalling systems. An alternative system must match the outstanding safety and reliability of present-day signalling technology, which has evolved over a long period of time
Product yields and kinetics from the vapor phase cracking of wood pyrolysis tars (1989)

Abstract The homogeneous vapor phase cracking of newly formed wood pyrolysis tar was studied at low molar concentrations as a function of temperature (773–1,073 K), at residence times of 0.9–2.2 s. Tar conversions ranged from about 5 to 88%. The tars were generated by low heating rate (0.2 K/s) pyrolysis of ∼2 cm deep beds of sweet gum hardwood, and then rapidly conveyed to an adjacent reactor for controlled thermal treatment. Quantitative yields and kinetics were obtained for tar cracking and resulting products formation. The major tar conversion product was carbon monoxide, which accounted for over two‐thirds of the tar lost at high severities. Corresponding ethylene and methane yields were each about 10% of the converted tar. Coke formation was negligible and weight‐average tar molecular weight declined with increasing tar conversion. A first‐order distributed activation energy model more closely correlated tar conversion kinetics over a wider range of reaction conditions than did a single‐reaction model.
The effect of agarose content on the morphology, phase evolution, and magnetic properties of CoFe <sub>2</sub> O <sub>4</sub> nanoparticles prepared by sol‐gel autocombustion method (2017)

Abstract Hard‐magnetic CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were produced with the sol‐gel autocombustion route using agarose and citric acid as a neutral organic gel and combustion agent. For this purpose, the obtained gel is annealed at 800°C for 3 hours and then the spinel structure of the samples was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction ( XRD ). In addition, the existence of metal‐oxygen complexes in the gel and nanoparticles was investigated by Fourier transformation infrared ( FTIR ) spectra. Furthermore, FESEM images showed that semispherical and rod‐like particles were obtained by variation in agarose contents. For the rod‐like sample with 2.5 g agarose, the saturation magnetization and coercivity were measured equal to 71.7 emu/g and 10076.84 Oe, respectively.
Proppant Placement Using Reverse-Hybrid Fracs (2006)

Abstract In conventional gel fracturing treatments, the damage induced by the gel can have a significant impact on well performance, particularly in low permeability gas formations. Slick-water fracs have been shown to be more successful in some tight gas formations because of reduced gel damage and limited height growth. Proppant placement is a major concern in water fracs. Hybrid water-fracs (using slick water as the pad fluid and gel to place the proppant) provide some improvements to the performance of water-fracs. This paper proposes a new method, reverse-hybrid fracs (RHF), for the efficient placement of proppant deep into created fractures while minimizing gel induced damage. Experiments were conducted in a simulated fracture (slot cell) to study the transport of proppant. Slick-water was injected first into the slot, followed by gel. Finally slick water containing proppant was injected to displace the gel. The water that carried the proppant, quickly formed viscous fingers through the gel. The gel was observed to form long thin layers which effectively hindered proppant settling and helped transport the proppant further into the slot. This resulted in the formation of proppant packs above the gel layers. In this paper, experimental results are presented to show how the gel layers distribute in the slot and how proppant distribution is affected by the gel layers. A transparent cell made up of rough walls was set up to investigate the effect of fracture wall roughness. The effects of fluid viscosity ratio, fracture wall roughness and gel pad volume were investigated. Based on the experiments and scaling relations, recommendations are made for the pumping sequence and the size of the gel and slick water stages in reverse hybrid fracture treatments. This method of proppant placement requires less gel than conventional gel-fracs and smaller pump horsepower than water-fracs. Other advantages include: less gel damage to the proppant pack and less penetration of the pad fluid into the formation resulting in shorter cleanup time following fracture treatment.
An Experimental Investigation of Acoustic Band Gaps and Localization in Granular Elastic Chains (2009)

We assembled a chain composed of a periodic arrangement of aluminum and steel spheres encased in a 4-rod polycarbonate holder with tunable static precompression applied by means of a lever actuated system. To excite periodic oscillations we perturbed the chain with a piezo-stack actuator driven by both continuous and finite bursts of a sinusoidally varying periodic signal. The amplitude of the periodic signal ranged from linear to strongly nonlinear regimes. We report the tunability of the frequency range for the band gap edges as a function of the material parameters, chain geometry and stress conditioning. We analyze the data by means of force-time plot and Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT). We observe a dramatic reduction of the transmitted wave amplitude for harmonic excitations with fundamental frequencies within the gap. The application of both continuous and short bursts of perturbation allows for observation of different dynamic phenomena at selected frequency ranges (in particular close to the lower optical branch edge). By varying the amplitude of the dynamic excitation (and therefore the level of the nonlinearity present in the system) we seek localized discrete breathing modes and surface instabilities. The comparison between continuum theory, discrete numerical modeling and experiments show a qualitative agreement and provide fundamental understanding for future investigation and numerous engineering applications. The challenges and considerations involved with the construction of an experimental system capable of capturing and leveraging on the described phenomena will be detailed.
Rapid visual learning in the rat: Effects at the 5-HT1a receptor subtype (2000)

The 5-hydroxytryptamine1a (5-HT1a) receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT; 0.15 mg/kg) impaired rats' rapid visual learning on a computerized maze. This treatment also increased decision time (DT) but the learning impairment was not necessarily a side-effect of slower responding because, in this task, responses made at long DT are more accurate than those at short DT. The selective 5-HT1a receptor antagonist WAY-100635 (0.3 mg/kg) was itself without effect on accuracy, but was effective in reversing effects of 8-OH-DPAT (on both accuracy and DT). Within problems (i.e., over the 40-60 trials of a single discrimination), performance was reduced by treatment with 8-OH-DPAT at all stages of learning. We conclude that this effect is mediated through the 5-HT1a receptor site (rather than through some other serotonergic receptor site or non-specific mechanism) as it was reversible by treatment with WAY-100635. Although it could still arise from behaviourally non-specific effects, the performance deficit finds its best account in terms of the psychological processes necessary to visual learning. Its reversal with WAY-100635 offers support to the hypothesis that 5-HT1a receptor antagonists could improve cognitive function, under conditions of pre-existing impairment due to overactive serotonergic inhibition, as is thought to occur in Alzheimer's disease.
Predictive Value of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Nasal Swab PCR Assay for MRSA Pneumonia (2013)

Pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is associated with poor outcomes and frequently merits empirical antibiotic consideration despite its relatively low incidence. Nasal colonization with MRSA is associated with clinical MRSA infection and can be reliably detected using the nasal swab PCR assay. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the nasal swab MRSA PCR in predicting MRSA pneumonia. A retrospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary care center from January 2009 to July 2011. All patients with confirmed pneumonia who had both a nasal swab MRSA PCR test and a bacterial culture within predefined time intervals were included in the study. These data were used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for clinically confirmed MRSA pneumonia. Four hundred thirty-five patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of cases were classified as either health care-associated (HCAP) (54.7%) or community-acquired (CAP) (34%) pneumonia. MRSA nasal PCR was positive in 62 (14.3%) cases. MRSA pneumonia was confirmed by culture in 25 (5.7%) cases. The MRSA PCR assay demonstrated 88.0% sensitivity and 90.1% specificity, with a positive predictive value of 35.4% and a negative predictive value of 99.2%. In patients with pneumonia, the MRSA PCR nasal swab has a poor positive predictive value but an excellent negative predictive value for MRSA pneumonia in populations with low MRSA pneumonia incidence. In cases of culture-negative pneumonia where initial empirical antibiotics include an MRSA-active agent, a negative MRSA PCR swab can be reasonably used to guide antibiotic de-escalation.
Synthesis of <i>α</i>-Tocopherol: Scandium(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate as an Efficient Catalyst in the Reaction of Hydroquinone with Allylic Alcohol (1995)

Abstract Scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate was found to be an efficient catalyst as a Lewis acid for the condensation reaction of trimethylhydroquinone with isophytol to afford α-tocopherol. The condensation reaction proceeded smoothly using only a 0.001 molar amount of the catalyst. The catalyst was easily recovered from an aqueous layer after the reaction was completed, and could be reused.
The Emerging Role of Thiazolidinediones in the Treatment of Diabetes-Mellitus and Related Disorders (1999)

Type II diabetes is a polygenic disorder, characterized in most cases by early onset of resistance to the action of insulin. Insulin sensitizers belonging to the thiazolidinedione class offer the first therapeutic option specifically targeting the underlying insulin resistance. Troglitazone is the prototype drug of this class and has been approved for marketing in several countries. Troglitazone offers several benefits over traditional oral hypoglycemic agents such as sulfonylureas and the biguanide metformin. Most of these advantages are related to better control of glycemic parameters with troglitazone alone or when added to existing treatment. In addition, it has interesting lipid lowering activity that may be of potential benefit in reducing morbidity from cardiovascular disease among diabetics. However, troglitazone may not be the ideal insulin sensitizer since 20-30% of diabetics do not respond to it. Also, it produces liver toxicity in 2% of patients, necessitating withdrawal of the drug. A number of second generation insulin sensitizers, belonging to the same chemical class as troglitazone, are in clinical development. The role of insulin sensitizers in the management of diabetes and other diseases in which insulin resistance is an underlying feature, is likely to undergo evolution as more information is obtained from clinical studies.
Single camera polarization sensitive spectral domain OCT by spatial frequency encoding (2010)

We present a polarization sensitive spectral domain optical coherence tomography system that is capable to retrieve with
a single camera both retardation and optical axis orientation. The method is based on a differentiation between
orthogonal polarization channels through spatial modulation introduced by an electro-optic modulator. Proof-of principle
using a chromatic quarter wave plate designed for 1300nm as a sample and acquisitions of a piece of borealis, a highly
birefringend plastic is provided. Results of the method for in-vivo imaging of a fingertip are presented.
GPApriori: GPU-Accelerated Frequent Itemset Mining (2011)

In this paper we describe GPA priori, a GPU-accelerated implementation of Frequent Item set Mining (FIM). We tested our implementation with an Nvidia Tesla T10 graphic processor and demonstrate up to 100× speedup as compared with several state-of-the-art FIM algorithms on a CPU. In order to map the Apriori algorithm onto the SIMD execution model, we have designed a "static bitset" memory structure to represent the input database. This data structure improves upon the traditional approach of the vertical data layout in state-of-the art Apriori implementations. In our implementation, we perform a parallelized version of the support counting step on the GPU. Experimental results show that GPA priori consistently outperforms CPU-based Apriori implementations. Our results demonstrate the potential for GPGPUs in speeding up data mining algorithms.
A simple short-channel MOSFET model and its application to delay analysis of inverters and series-connected MOSFETs (2002)

A simple short-channel MOSFET model is proposed and applied to the delay analysis of CMOS inverters and series-connected MOSFET structures (SCMSs). The model is implemented in SPICE3 and shown to enhance the simulation speed. The model parameters for this model can be easily obtained. A delay analysis of the SCMS is carried out in the submicron region, and it is shown that the delay ratio ((delay of NAND/NOR)/(delay of inverter)) becomes smaller as channel length gets shorter. For example, if the maximum number of series-connected MOSFETS is considered to be five in 2- mu m designs, then the number can be increased to 6 approximately 7 in the submicron circuit design. In the typical cases in VLSI designs, the delay ratio for N-SCMSs is much less than N/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Repair of Waterstop Failures (1980)

Various methods of repairing failed waterstops or creating new waterstops where the old ones have failed have been examined. The work considered primarily relates to high pressure conditions at working joints such as occurrs in dams, but it is also applicable to many other types of structures. Field experience for each repair method is described. Advantages and disadvantages of each method is analyzed. A new concept of drilling along a joint and filling the hole with elastic filler to create a cast-in-place waterstop has been used with good success.