gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Tetrakis(3-nitrotyrosine)]insulin (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT[Tetrakis(3-nitrotyrosine)]insulinFrederick H. Carpenter, Robert W. Boesel, and Dennis D. SakaiCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 25, 5926–5931Publication Date (Print):December 9, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 9 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00566a041https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00566a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The correlation averaging of a regularly arranged bacterial cell envelope protein (1982)

An adaptation of the 'correlation averaging' method is described which allows reliable and almost fully automatic image averaging in the case of near-periodic structures notwithstanding the presence of substantial crystal imperfections; methods for assessing resolution and symmetry without reliance on crystallinity are also discussed. Electron micrographs of negatively stained and rotary shadowed preparations of the HPI-layer protein from the cell envelope of Micrococcus radiodurans have been averaged using the method, and the projected structure is described to a resolution of about 1.9 nm.
A novel differentially pumped design for atmospheric pressure ionization‐ion trap mass spectrometry (1993)

Abstract A novel differentially pumped design for atmospheric pressure ionization (API)‐ion trap mass spectrometry is described. The vacuum system consists of three stages of pumping: API interface stage (1060 L/min), ion trap vacuum region (520 L/s) and electron multiplier region (60 L/s). The ion trap vacuum chamber has been specially designed to implement differential pumping of the ion trap and electron multiplier regions thus allowing ion trap operation with unit mass resolution at pressures up to 6 × 10 −3 Torr of helium while maintaining high vacuum in the electron‐multiplier detector region. Trapping efficiency for accumulating externally produced ions was studied at unusually high pressures of the damping gas (helium) up to a pressure of 7 × 10 −3 Torr (medium vacuum region). The trapping efficiency for externally produced ions and hence the overall mass spectrometric sensitivity is significantly improved by the introduction of helium damping gas into the ion trap region up to 6 × 10 −3 Torr.
Detection of Hybridomas Secreting Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Gamma Interferon Using a Rapid Screening Technique and Specificity of Certain Monoclonal Antibodies to Gamma Interferon (1984)

An immunoprecipitation technique, which uses radiolabeled human gamma interferon (HuIFN-gamma) and a sheep anti-mouse F(ab')2 serum, is described for the rapid detection of mouse monoclonal antibodies to IFN-gamma in hybridoma culture supernatants. This technique which can be performed in 4 h detects both neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies to IFN-gamma. Certain monoclonal antibodies prepared against natural (glycosylated) IFN-gamma which neutralized the antiviral activity of natural IFN-gamma bound strongly to rDNA (unglycosylated) IFN-gamma derived from E. coli, but failed to neutralize its antiviral activity.
Neuroprotective Effects of Açaí (<i>Euterpe oleracea</i> Mart.) against Rotenone <i>In Vitro</i> Exposure (2016)

Neuropsychiatric diseases, such as bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), have a very complex pathophysiology. Several current studies describe an association between psychiatric illness and mitochondrial dysfunction and consequent cellular modifications, including lipid, protein, and DNA damage, caused by cellular oxidative stress. <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> (açaí) is a powerful antioxidant fruit. Açaí is an Amazonian palm fruit primarily found in the lowlands of the Amazonian rainforest, particularly in the floodplains of the Amazon River. Given this proposed association, this study analyzed the potential <i>in vitro</i> neuropharmacological effect of <i>Euterpe oleracea</i> (açaí) extract in the modulation of mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with rotenone to induce mitochondrial complex I dysfunction and before and after we exposed the cells to açaí extract at 5 <i>μ</i>g/mL. Treated and untreated cells were then analyzed by spectrophotometric, fluorescent, immunological, and molecular assays. The results showed that açaí extract can potentially increase protein amount and enzyme activity of mitochondrial complex I, mainly through NDUFS7 and NDUFS8 overexpression. Açaí extract was also able to decrease cell reactive oxygen species levels and lipid peroxidation. We thus suggest açaí as a potential candidate for drug development and a possible alternative BD therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthetic Route to β‐2′‐Deoxyribosyl‐5‐substituted Pyrrolo( 2,3‐d)pyrimidines. Synthesis of 2′‐Deoxycadeguomycin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical radiation sensing properties of MnO/TeO/sub 2/ thin films (2006)

This work investigates the effects of gamma-rays on the optical properties of pure and mixed-oxide materials, namely MnO and TeO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 </sub> for their possible application as thin film optical gamma radiation sensors. The values of the optical band gap E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">opt</sub> were obtained in view of the Mott and Davis theory. All samples showed a decrease in E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">opt</sub> with an increase in radiation dose to a certain level, which was found to be composition dependent. Films with 100 wt.% MnO exhibited the highest sensitivity to low doses of radiation, showing a strong decline in the optical band gap value from 0.64 eV before irradiation to 0.54 eV after a dose of 1.14 mGy. It was experimentally confirmed that both the sensitivity and the working dose range of radiation sensors can be controlled by the composition of the materials used
Tolevamer, an orally administered, toxin-binding polymer for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. (2008)

Genzyme Corp is developing tolevamer, an anionic toxin-binding polymer that binds and neutralizes the Clostridium difficile A and B toxins, for the potential treatment of C difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). Two phase III clinical trials of tolevamer in patients with CDAD have been completed and results from the second trial are expected to be released imminently.
Molecular Kinetics of Reviving Bacterial Spores (2013)

Bacterial spores can remain dormant for years, yet they possess a remarkable potential to rapidly resume a vegetative life form. Here, we identified a distinct phase at the onset of spore outgrowth, designated the ripening period. This transition phase is exploited by the germinating spore for molecular reorganization toward elongation and subsequent cell division. We have previously shown that spores of different ages, kept under various temperatures, harbor dissimilar molecular reservoirs (E. Segev, Y. Smith, and S. Ben-Yehuda, Cell 148:139-149, 2012). Utilizing this phenomenon, we observed that the length of the ripening period can vary according to the spore molecular content. Importantly, the duration of the ripening period was found to correlate with the initial spore rRNA content and the kinetics of rRNA accumulation upon exiting dormancy. Further, the synthesis of the ribosomal protein RplA and the degradation of the spore-specific protein SspA also correlated with the duration of the ripening period. Our data suggest that the spore molecular cargo determines the extent of the ripening period, a potentially crucial phase for a germinating spore in obtaining limited resources during revival.
<sup>18</sup>F-Labeled Modified Porous Silicon Particles for Investigation of Drug Delivery Carrier Distribution in Vivo with Positron Emission Tomography (2011)

Because of its biocompatibility and ability to accommodate a variety of payloads from poorly soluble drugs to biomolecules, porous silicon (PSi) is a lucrative material for the development of carriers for particle-mediated drug delivery. We report a successful direct one-step (18)F-radiolabeling of three types of PSi microparticles, thermally hydrocarbonized THCPSi, thermally oxidized TOPSi, and thermally carbonized TCPSi for the investigation of their biodistribution in vivo with positron emission tomography as part of their evaluation as carriers for particle-mediated drug delivery. FTIR and XPS characterization of the PSi materials after carrier-added (18)F/(19)F-radiolabeling reveals that depending on the material the (18)F-labeling is likely to be accomplished either by substitution for surface silyl hydrogen or silyl fluoride or by nucleophilic attack of (18)F(-) to Si-O-Si bridges. With the selected (18)F-radiolabeling method, good to excellent in vitro radiolabel stability in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and in plasma is achieved for all the particle types studied. Finally, a preliminary evaluation of (18)F-THCPSi microparticle biodistribution in the rat gastrointestinal tract after oral administration is reported, illustrating the utility of using (18)F-radiolabeled PSi as imaging probes for PSi-based drug delivery carrier distribution in vivo.
A Novel Seed Layer Scheme to Protect Catalytic Surfaces for Electroless Deposition (1996)

This paper describes a new technique to protect catalytic surfaces for electroless copper deposition. The barrier and seed (each ∼10 nm) are first evaporation deposited or sputter deposited onto the substrate. A thin protective aluminum film (∼10 to 20 nm) is deposited on top of the seed layer without breaking the vacuum. When the substrate is immersed into the electroless bath, the protective aluminum film is quickly etched away in basic electroless copper baths. The unoxidized seed surface is hence exposed in situ to the electroless bath and acts as an excellent catalytic seed layer for electroless copper deposition. Using this technique, copper can be used as a seed layer for electroless copper deposition. The use of higher resistivity (and contaminating) gold, platinum, or palladium seed layers are avoided. Experimental results pertaining to the fundamental aspects of this technique are presented. The practical application of this technique for ultralarge scale integration (ULSI) interconnects is also demonstrated with submicron electroless copper deposited conformally into vias and trenches with aspect ratios of 2:1, and into horizontal submicron tunnels with aspect ratios of 500:1.
Test methodologies and design automation for IBM ASICs (1996)

IBM manufactures a very large number of different application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips each year. Although these chips are designed by many different customers having various levels of test experience and all having tight deadlines, IBM ASICs have a reputation for their high quality. This quality is due in large part to the heavy focus on design for test (DFT) and the use of design automation to help ensure that customers' chips can be manufactured, tested, and diagnosed with minimal engineering effort. Prospective customers of IBM ASIC technologies find an explicit set of DFT methodologies to follow which provide a relatively painless, almost push-button approach to the generation of high-quality, “sign-off” test vectors for their chips. This paper discusses the DFT methodologies used for IBM ASICs and the design automation support that enables designers to be so productive with these methodologies. Data are given for several recently processed chips, some designed outside IBM.
A CMOS limiting amplifier and signal-strength indicator (2002)

Although all commercially available monolithic log amps today are bipolar ICs, CMOS is equally well-suited to implement the successive-detection architecture. We report here on the design and performance of such a logarithmic amplifier, which is part of a monolithic all-CMOS spread-spectrum 900 MHz wireless transceiver. In the intended use, a received 160 kb/s binary-FSK signal is amplified at RF, directly downconverted to DC, and applied to the logarithmic amplifier after channel-select filtering. The amplifier provides two useful outputs. First, the limited output from the cascade of clipping amplifiers contains the data encoded as signal phase in the zero-crossings. Second, the circuit produces a logarithmic signal-strength measurement to an accuracy of 1 dB over a 80 dB dynamic range.
<i>ydk1‐D</i> , an auxin‐responsive <i>GH3</i> mutant that is involved in hypocotyl and root elongation (2004)

To study the GH3 gene family of Arabidopsis, we investigated a flanking sequence database of Arabidopsis activation-tagged lines. We found a dwarf mutant, named yadokari 1-D (ydk1-D), that had a T-DNA insertion proximal to a GH3 gene. ydk1-D is dominant and has a short hypocotyl not only in light but also in darkness. Moreover, ydk1-D has a short primary root, a reduced lateral root number, and reduced apical dominance. A GH3 gene, named YDK1, was upregulated in ydk1-D, and YDK1 transgenic plants showed the ydk1-D phenotype. YDK1 gene expression was induced by exogenously applied auxin and regulated by auxin-response factor (ARF)7. In addition, YDK1 gene expression was downregulated by blue and far-red (FR) lights. Strong promoter activity of YDK1 was observed in roots and flowers. These results suggest that YDK1 may function as a negative component in auxin signaling by regulating auxin activity.
Stability, availability, and response in network file service (1991)

A network file system called Multifile is described. It meets response, availability, and stability requirements as primitive functions. Multifile has a high degree of responsiveness because its component parts compete among themselves to service file requests; it has high availability because it maintains multiple copies of files; and it exhibits stable behavior over wise range of system parameters. The responsiveness of Multifile to read requests improves as the number of pages per request rises, implying that read ahead pages can profitably be cached at client sites. The throughput of Multifile improves as the request size increases and as the number of clients increases. As server load increases, the responsiveness of Multifile to read requests is stable in most configurations. The throughput of writes is unstable as the number of pages in the wire request rises, implying that write back pages should not be cached at client sites. The scale of events in file service is dominated by disk activity, so lost message exceptions do not occur frequently enough to affect file service; however, duplicate message exceptions are a factor in performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Investigational PPAR-γ agonists for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes (2006)

The tremendous increase in the global prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its conglomeration of metabolic disorders has dramatically intensified the search for innovative therapies to fight this emerging epidemic. Over the last decade, the family of nuclear receptors, especially the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), has emerged as one of the most important drug targets aimed at combating the metabolic syndrome. Consequently, compounds that activate the PPARs have served as potential therapeutics for the treatment of T2D and the metabolic anomalies associated with this disorder. This review focuses on the currently marketed compounds and also describes the discovery and development of the next generation of PPAR ligands that are under investigation for the potential treatment of T2D and the metabolic syndrome.
Effect of Orally Administered Magnesium Hydroxide in Experimental Iron Intoxication (1986)

We have previously shown that ferrous and ferric ions readily for complexes with magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] thus reducing the absorption of iron salts from the gastrointestinal tract. The present study answers the following question: what is the optimal dose, time of administration, optimal limit of effectiveness, and potential hazard of this form of therapy. Adult mongrel dogs were administered ferrous sulfate [FeSO4] tablets at a dosage of 650 mg/lb of body weight. Either 30 or 60 minutes later, the dogs were given Mg(OH)2 at either 5 or l0 times the dose of elemental iron. Serum iron concentrations in all animals given Mg(OH)2 were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than those of control animals. No significant differences were observed regardless of dose or time of administration of Mg(OH)2. Although serum Mg++ concentrations were significantly elevated (p less than 0.05) om all treated animals 4 and 6 hr post iron, no clinical manifestations of hypermagnesemia were observed. These studies demonstrate the effectiveness of Mg(OH)2 in the management of experimental iron intoxication and warrant a controlled clinical trial in humans.
Allergic contact dermatitis from the synthetic fragrances Lyral and acetyl cedrene in separate underarm deodorant preparations (1994)

The case is reported of a 28-year-old man who developed allergic contact dermatitis from 2 synthetic fragrance ingredients, Lyral (3- and 4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-aldehyde) and acetyl cedrene, in separate underarm deodorant preparations. The implications of the patient's negative patch test reactions to the European standard series (Trolab) and cosmetics and fragrance series (both Chemotechnique Diagnostics) are discussed. The importance is stressed of patch testing with the patient's own preparations when cosmetic dermatitis is suspected, and of identifying and reporting offending fragrance ingredients, with a view possibly to updating the European standard series and commercially available cosmetics and fragrance series.
Converting wind energy to electrical energy using charged droplets in an electric field (2007)

Conversion of wind energy to electrical energy can be achieved when charged droplets are transported against the direction of an electric field. This method is used in an electrostatic wind energy converter (EWICON). The charged droplets can either be created using electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) or by high pressure monodisperse spraying (HPMS) in combination with induction charging. In this paper, these two spraying methods have been implemented in the EWICON system using water as a spraying liquid. Both methods have yielded a positive efficiency.
Car plate character recognition using a convolutional neural network with shared hidden layers (2015)

In character recognition, convolutional neural network (CNN) outperforms most of the other models. However, to guarantee a satisfactory performance, CNNs usually need a great number of samples. Due to the differences between the Chinese and the alphanumeric characters, the most common way to recognize the two classes is to use two independent CNNs respectively. In this paper, to solve the problem of the Chinese character shortage, we implement a CNN model which has shared hidden layers and two distinct softmax layers for the Chinese and the alphanumeric character respectively. To avoid over-fitting problem in the training process, the early stopping rule is employed. By training and testing on our two small-scale car plate character databases, the model gets a 9.289% and 9.632% relative reduction in test errors for the Chinese and the alphanumeric characters respectively over conventional CNN models.
Chromatographically Fractionated Complementary Strands of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Biological Properties (1973)

Biological, physical, and chromatographic properties of methylated albuminkieselguhr (MAK)-fractionated complementary strands, designated as light (L) and heavy (H), of Bacillus subtilis deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are presented. The pattern of transforming activity along the MAK elution profile of alkilidenatured DNA shows that the residually active molecules selectively fractionated ahead of the L strand fraction, whereas the most active self-annealed molecules fractionated preferentially at the trailing end of the H strand fraction. The restoration rate of transforming activity in the late-eluting H molecules was rapid and independent of concentration during the annealing reaction. The data suggest that the self-annealing activity in the H strand is due in part to the formation of intrastrand secondary structures. Hydroxyapatite chromatography of self-annealed L and H strands yielded a major fraction (I) of highly purified strand preparations devoid of transforming activity and hypochromicity, and a minor "nativelike" fraction (II). Sedimentation velocity measurements show that, in addition to the mutual complementary nature of the L and H fractions, they differ in molecular size and possibly configuration.
<i>THAP1</i> mutations (DYT6) are an additional cause of early-onset dystonia (2010)

The number of THAP1 mutations has been significantly expanded, indicating an uncommon but important cause of dystonia. Coding mutations account for 9 of 362 dystonia cases, indicating a mutation frequency of 2.5% of dystonia cases in the population that we have screened. The majority of cases reported here with THAP1 mutations had craniocervical- or limb-onset segmental dystonia, but we also identified 1 homozygous THAP1 mutation, associated initially with writer's dystonia and then developing segmental dystonia. Three of our patients had a nonsense or frameshift THAP1 mutation and the clinical features of laryngeal or oromandibular dystonia. These data suggest that early-onset dystonia that includes the involvement of the larynx or face is frequently associated with THAP1 mutations.
Dorsal column stimulation for pain relief from intractable angina pectoris (1987)

Dorsal column stimulation was undertaken in 10 patients referred to the Pain Relief Clinic for management of otherwise intractable angina pectoris. All patients were on maximal medical therapy and were determined to be unsuitable for coronary artery revascularization by the referring cardiologists. Dorsal column stimulation was beneficial in all patients by decreasing the frequency and severity of anginal attacks. The mechanism of action of dorsal column stimulation in this condition is uncertain.