gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Teamwork in Technical Services (1997)

Abstract The recent reorganization of the Michigan State University Libraries Technical Services Division implemented a team concept and outlined a model for Division workflow which emphasized inter-team cooperation. Thesis processing was selected as the first application of this model because of increasing backlogs and patrons' concerns regarding the availability of these items. An internal task force chaired by the Principal Cataloger and composed of representatives from appropriate Technical Services Division Teams developed a procedure designed to use each team's strengths to process both the backlog and current receipts in a continuous workflow. Theses were received in the Monograph Acquisitions Team and groups of theses to be processed were delivered weekly to the Copy Cataloging Team, where descriptive records were created by student workers using the Cataloging MicroEnhancer Plus software. The theses groups were then delivered to the Original Cataloging Team, where subject analysis was completed. The final step involved transfer of the theses to the Database Management Team, where the records were uploaded from disk into OCLC and theses were processed for shelving. In the first full year of the project, 1,669 theses were processed.
Lattice Constants of Graphite at Low Temperatures (1955)

The lattice constants of a graphite single crystal, natural graphite powder, and artificial graphite powder have been measured at 297\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 78\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, and 4.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The $a$-spacing does not change in this temperature range within the error of \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0005 A. The material with the greatest $c$-spacing showed between 297\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 78\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} the greatest change of $c$-spacing and the smallest change below 78\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The $c$-spacing of the artificial powder did not return to its original value at 297\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} after a thermal cycle, demonstrating irreversible deformation.
Från mål till medel - betraktelse över framtidsbilder, kön och arbete (2012)

Ar jamlika villkor for kvinnor och man nagot gott i sig eller nagot som framjar produktiviteten? Tidigare utopister menade att jamlikheten hade ett egenvarde medan var egen tids futurologer har anp ...
Dipolmoment und Elektronenstruktur von angeregten Molekülen (1955)

Es wird eine spektroskopische Methode angegeben, mit der das Dipolmoment des ersten angeregten Elektronenzustandes von fluoreszenzfähigen Molekülen in polaren Lösungsmitteln bestimmt werden kann. Einige Beispiele enthält Tab. 2. Der Anteil der polaren Resonanzstruktur am angeregten Zustand von 4-Dimethylamino-4′-Nitrostilben und 4′-Cyanostilben wird zu ≳ 50% abgeschätzt.
Reinforced Mnemonic Reader for Machine Comprehension (2017)

In this paper, we introduce the Reinforced Mnemonic Reader for machine comprehension (MC) task, which aims to answer a query about a given context document. We propose several novel mechanisms that address critical problems in MC that are not adequately solved by previous works, such as enhancing the capacity of encoder, modeling long-term dependencies of contexts, refining the predicted answer span, and directly optimizing the evaluation metric. Extensive experiments on TriviaQA and Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD) show that our model achieves state-of-the-art results.
Lithium doping and photoemission of diamond thin films (1990)

Diamond films have been in-diffused with lithium in an effort to produce n-type diamond by interstitial doping. Although lithium incorporation was established, only small changes in electrical conductivity and no thermionic emission from donor levels, which should lie only a few tenths of an electron volt below the vacuum level, were observed. To account for these observations, studies of the spectral dependence of external photoemission of lithium-doped and undoped films were undertaken. These indicate that the lithium donors are compensated by high densities of acceptor states distributed over several electron volts. This first, direct observation of band-gap states in diamond films accounts for a number of reported properties including their relatively high electrical conductivity and small field effect.
A Manufacturing Process for Analog and Digital Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuits (1982)

A process for manufacturing small-to-medium scale GaAs integrated circuits is described. Integrated FET's, diodes, resistors, thin-film capacitors, and inductors are used for monolithic integration of digital and analog circuits. Direct implantation of Si into >10/sup 5/ omega/spl dot/cm resistivity substrates produces n-layers with +-10-percent sheet resistance variation. A planar fabrication process featuring retained anneal cap (SiO/sub 2/), proton isolation, recessed Mo-Au gates, silicon nitride passivation, and a dual-level metal system with polyimide intermetal dielectric is described. Automated on-wafer testing at frequencies up to 4 GHz is introduced, and a calculator-controlled frequency domain test system described. Circuit yields for six different circuit designs are reported, and process defect densities are inferred.
Genetic reclassification of porcine enteroviruses (2001)

The genetic diversity of porcine teschoviruses (PTVs; previously named porcine enterovirus 1) and most serotypes of porcine enteroviruses (PEVs) was studied. Following the determination of the major portion of the genomic sequence of PTV reference strain Talfan, the nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region, the capsid VP2 region and the 3' non-translated region (3'-NTR) were compared among PTVs and PEVs and with other picornaviruses. The sequences were obtained by RT-PCR and 3'-RACE with primers based on the sequences of Talfan and available PEV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of RdRp/VP2 and analysis of the predicted RNA secondary structure of the 3'-NTR indicated that PEVs should be reclassified genetically into at least three groups, one that should be assigned to PTVs and two PEV subspecies represented by strain PEV-8 V13 and strain PEV-9 UKG410/73.
Surgical Nondestructive Evaluation (SuNDE) (2011)

Abstract : This report summarizes the results of the Air Force program, Surgical NDE (SuNDE), and provides recommendations for the development and implementation of SuNDE to relevant limited access inspection applications. The motivation for SuNDE development is derived from the need to reduce costly disassembly and to extend inspection intervals by detecting smaller remote flaws. This report is an assessment of the needs and opportunities for cavity and obscured view inspections. The method chosen to bring the inspection challenges to light has been to develop and test a general SuNDE Tool on selected applications in an aircraft maintenance environment. That tool demonstrated the ability to perform eddy current cavity inspections from outside a wingbox with sensitivity to smaller size cracks around fasteners, which could enable extension of the current inspection interval over the present method. Special features of the tool included microvideo assistance for sensor placement and monitoring motions of the probe, self alignment of the sensor and automated rotation scanning. This report makes specific recommendations for continued development based upon the results of the tool evaluation and discussions with potential SuNDE users. In defining a future state for SuNDE, we also describe the opportunities for implementing autonomous NDE platforms, specifically, robotic snakes.
Modern Mos Technology: Processes, Devices, and Design (1984)

Modern MOS technology: processes, devices, and design , Modern MOS technology: processes, devices, and design , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Cellular Mechanisms of Zinc Dysregulation: A Perspective on Zinc Homeostasis as an Etiological Factor in the Development and Progression of Breast Cancer (2012)

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the leading cause of female cancer deaths. Zinc (Zn) functions as an antioxidant and plays a role in maintaining genomic stability. Zn deficiency results in oxidative DNA damage and increased cancer risk. Studies suggest an inverse association between dietary and plasma Zn levels and the risk for developing breast cancer. In contrast, breast tumor biopsies display significantly higher Zn levels compared with normal tissue. Zn accumulation in tumor tissue also correlates with increased levels of Zn importing proteins. Further, aberrant expression of Zn transporters in tumors correlates with malignancy, suggesting that altered metal homeostasis in the breast could contribute to malignant transformation and the severity of cancer. However, studies have yet to link dysregulated Zn transport and abnormal Zn-dependent functions in breast cancer development. Herein, we summarize studies that address the multi-modal role of Zn dyshomeostasis in breast cancer with respect to the role of Zn in modulating oxidative stress, DNA damage response/repair pathways and cell proliferation/apoptosis, and the relationship to aberrant regulation of Zn transporters. We also compare Zn dysregulation in breast tissue to that of prostate, pancreatic and ovarian cancer where possible.
Gases and Vapors At High Temperature and Pressure - Density of Hydrocarbon (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGases and Vapors At High Temperature and Pressure - Density of HydrocarbonW. KayCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1936, 28, 9, 1014–1019Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1936https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50321a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50321a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2042Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A comparison of acceleromyography and mechanomyography for determination of the dose–response curve of rocuronium in children (1997)

In order to compare an acceleromyograph (TOF‐Guard TM ) with a mechanomyograph (Grass FT03), the dose–response relationship of rocuronium was simultaneously determined in both arms of 15 children aged 3–11 years during anaesthesia with thiopentone, alfentanil and nitrous oxide. Three subgroups of five children received rocuronium 120, 180 or 240 μg.kg −1 randomly. The effective doses to produce 50% and 95% depression of the first twitch of the train‐of‐four determined by acceleromyography were 206 and 337 μg.kg −1 , respectively, while these values determined by mechanomyography were 151 and 331 μg.kg −1 , respectively. The dose–response curve obtained by acceleromyography was steeper and shifted to the right compared with that obtained by mechanomyography (p < 0.0001). The difference between the effective dose producing 50% twitch depression determined by the two devices was highly significant (p < 0.0001). In 13 out of 15 children, the acceleromyograph control train‐of‐four ratio was significantly greater than unity. Although there was a good correlation ( r = 0.85) between simultaneous pairs of measurements of neuromuscular block, the acceleromyograph exhibited a bias of −25% relative to the mechanomyograph with wide limits of agreement (−62 to +12%). We conclude that acceleromyographic and mechanomyographic measurements should not be used interchangeably when determining the potency of muscle relaxants.
Chemical analysis of gas dissolved in geothermal waters in a South Louisiana well (1977)

Experimental evidence regarding the degree of saturation of natural gas is presented. The experimental method is outlined and the problems are mentioned. Methane solubility data are presented. It is pointed out that the solubility of methane in saline waters, containing 11 to 14% total dissolved solids, is reduced by 30 to 50% over that which it would have had in pure water at reservoir conditions. (MHR)
Figure-ground segmentation improves handled object recognition in egocentric video (2010)

Identifying handled objects, i.e. objects being manipulated by a user, is essential for recognizing the person's activities. An egocentric camera as worn on the body enjoys many advantages such as having a natural first-person view and not needing to instrument the environment. It is also a challenging setting, where background clutter is known to be a major source of problems and is difficult to handle with the camera constantly and arbitrarily moving. In this work we develop a bottom-up motion-based approach to robustly segment out foreground objects in egocentric video and show that it greatly improves object recognition accuracy. Our key insight is that egocentric video of object manipulation is a special domain and many domain-specific cues can readily help. We compute dense optical flow and fit it into multiple affine layers. We then use a max-margin classifier to combine motion with empirical knowledge of object location and background movement as well as temporal cues of support region and color appearance. We evaluate our segmentation algorithm on the large Intel Egocentric Object Recognition dataset with 42 objects and 100K frames. We show that, when combined with temporal integration, figure-ground segmentation improves the accuracy of a SIFT-based recognition system from 33% to 60%, and that of a latent-HOG system from 64% to 86%.
Adjusting for covariate effects on classification accuracy using the covariate-adjusted receiver operating characteristic curve (2009)

Recent scientific and technological innovations have produced an abundance of potential markers that are being investigated for their use in disease screening and diagnosis. In evaluating these markers, it is often necessary to account for covariates associated with the marker of interest. Covariates may include subject characteristics, expertise of the test operator, test procedures or aspects of specimen handling. In this paper, we propose the covariate-adjusted receiver operating characteristic curve, a measure of covariate-adjusted classification accuracy. Nonparametric and semiparametric estimators are proposed, asymptotic distribution theory is provided and finite sample performance is investigated. For illustration we characterize the age-adjusted discriminatory accuracy of prostate-specific antigen as a biomarker for prostate cancer.
Enhancing text clustering by leveraging Wikipedia semantics (2008)

Most traditional text clustering methods are based on "bag of words" (BOW) representation based on frequency statistics in a set of documents. BOW, however, ignores the important information on the semantic relationships between key terms. To overcome this problem, several methods have been proposed to enrich text representation with external resource in the past, such as WordNet. However, many of these approaches suffer from some limitations: 1) WordNet has limited coverage and has a lack of effective word-sense disambiguation ability; 2) Most of the text representation enrichment strategies, which append or replace document terms with their hypernym and synonym, are overly simple. In this paper, to overcome these deficiencies, we first propose a way to build a concept thesaurus based on the semantic relations (synonym, hypernym, and associative relation) extracted from Wikipedia. Then, we develop a unified framework to leverage these semantic relations in order to enhance traditional content similarity measure for text clustering. The experimental results on Reuters and OHSUMED datasets show that with the help of Wikipedia thesaurus, the clustering performance of our method is improved as compared to previous methods. In addition, with the optimized weights for hypernym, synonym, and associative concepts that are tuned with the help of a few labeled data users provided, the clustering performance can be further improved.
Washington University Case Conference. Multiple myeloma and hypercalcemia? (1979)

We present a case of multiple myeloma with high values for total calcium. The case discussion focuses on the role of the laboratory in diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma and on the causes of the associated hypercalcemia. We present evidence for calcium binding to the paraprotein as a cause for the "hypercalcemia" in this case and we document a difference in the results for total calcium among various methods when this patient's serum was analyzed.
Cryptanalysis of the Compression Function of SIMD. (2010)

Abstract. SIMD is one of the second round candidates of the SHA-3 competition hosted by NIST. In this paper, we present some results on the compression function of SIMD 1.1 (the tweaked version) using the modular difference method. For SIMD-256, We give a free-start near collision attack on the compression function reduced to 20 steps with complexity 2 −107. And for SIMD-512, we give a free-start near collision attack on the 24-step compression function with complexity 2 208. Furthermore, we give a distinguisher attack on the full compression function of SIMD-512 with complexity 2 398. Our attacks are also applicable for the final compression function of SIMD.
Direct Preparation of Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes via Pyrolysis of Iron(II) Phthalocyanine:  Electrocatalytic Aspects for Oxygen Reduction (2004)

A facile method for the direct preparation of carbon nanofiber (CNF) electrodes by pyrolysis of iron(II) phthalocyanine on nickel substrates is reported. Uniform, large area coverage is observed with aligned bundles of CNFs exhibiting bamboo-like, hollow fibril morphology possessing diameters of 40−60 nm and lengths of ∼10 μm. The electrochemical behavior and stability of CNF electrodes as oxygen reduction catalysts were investigated by electrochemical methods. Without necessitation for extensive electrode pretreatment or surface activation, these electrodes demonstrate significant electrocatalytic activity in aqueous KNO3 solutions at neutral to basic pH for the reduction of dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide, O2 + H2O + 2e- ⇌ H + OH-. As determined from chronocoulometry, slopes of Anson plots indicate that the overall electrochemical reaction proceeds by the peroxide pathway via two successive two-electron reductions. pH-dependent cyclic voltammetry studies indicate that the CNF electrodes are very active toward adsorption. At pH < 10 the one-electron reduction of O2 to superoxide is rate limiting, whereas at more alkaline pH the reduction process is limited by the protonation of adsorbed superoxide. This is reflected by a change in measured apparent charge-transfer coefficient (αobs) from αobs = 0.5 to αobs = 1 at neutral and high pH values, respectively. XPS, Raman, and TEM measurements suggest that the disorder in the graphite fibers and the presence of exposed edge plane defects and nitrogen functionalities are important factors for influencing adsorption of reactive intermediates and enhancing electrocatalysis for O2 reduction.
Handbook of membrane channels : molecular and cellular physiology (1994)

Part 1 Potassium channels: conservation of K+ channel properties in gene subfamilies, N.V. Shen and P.J. Pfaffinger the permeation properties of cloned K+ channels, T. Begenisich gating currents of cloned Shaker K+ channels, E. Stefani et al Shaw-related K+ channels in mammals, E.Vega-Saenz de Miera et al the molecular workings of large conductance (maxi) CA 2+ activated K+ channels, R. Latorre. Part 2 Sodium channels: ionic channels of myelinated axons, P. Shrager and J.V. Wu cardiac Na channel expression in Xynopus oocytes, D. Krafte molecular analysis of sodium channel inactivation, A.L. Goldin unitary properties of batrachotoxin-trapped state of voltage-sensitive sodium channels.
Synthesis of detailed hand manipulations using contact sampling (2012)

Capturing human activities that involve both gross full-body motion and detailed hand manipulation of objects is challenging for standard motion capture systems. We introduce a new method for creating natural scenes with such human activities. The input to our method includes motions of the full-body and the objects acquired simultaneously by a standard motion capture system. Our method then automatically synthesizes detailed and physically plausible hand manipulation that can seamlessly integrate with the input motions. Instead of producing one "optimal" solution, our method presents a set of motions that exploit a wide variety of manipulation strategies. We propose a randomized sampling algorithm to search for as many as possible visually diverse solutions within the computational time budget. Our results highlight complex strategies human hands employ effortlessly and unconsciously, such as static, sliding, rolling, as well as finger gaits with discrete relocation of contact points.
Towards self-learning adaptive scheduling for ATM networks (2002)

We discuss ongoing efforts at Scientific Systems towards the development of effective strategies for traffic management of ATM networks using self-learning adaptive (SLA) techniques. We extended our previous SLA techniques to bursty traffic patterns and show how an approximation to SLA, called proportional feedback, can be used to manage real-time variable bit rate ATM traffic. Finally, we present results on the dynamic allocation of bandwidth in order to efficiently multiplex several variable rate MPEG-1 streams over a constant-rate link.
Kinesins in the Arabidopsis genome: A comparative analysis among eukaryotes (2001)

There are groups of Arabidopsis kinesins that are not present in yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster that may, therefore, represent new subfamilies specific to plants. The domains present in different kinesins may provide clues about their functions in cellular processes. The comparative analysis presented here provides a framework for future functional studies with Arabidopsis kinesins.
Virtual radar imaging for sensor networks (2004)

Most approaches to sensor data collection in the literature are based on a multihop wireless relay between sensor nodes forming an ad hoc network to reach a remote data-processing destination. In this paper, we propose an alternative Virtual Radar paradigm, which, in its most rudimentary form, is implementable with sensor nodes without networking capabilities. We introduce this concept for a simple setting in which each sensor only has one bit of information to send (e.g., indicating whether the level of a certain chemical has crossed a threshold). "Active" sensors (those which have one to send) respond to a beacon sent by the collector node, precisely timed with a trigger sequence in the beacon. The collector node uses a modified version of synthetic aperture radar processing to obtain an "image" of the activity in the sensor network.
Genome‐wide expression analysis of recently processed formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded human prostate tissues (2008)

FFPE procedure itself does not lead to adverse effects on genome-wide expression analysis. Prospective molecular archiving or modified long-term storage conditions should be implemented to expand the utility of FFPE tissues without compromising standard surgical pathology routines.