gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue characterization from ultrasonic imaging of movement and deformation (2002)

A technique was developed for detecting and imaging local displacement of soft tissues. Measurements were performed in vivo using a conventional real-time linear array transducer with a 3.5-MHz center frequency, and the sequence of B-scan images was digitized to compute the two-dimensional map of tissue movement. Preliminary experiments indicate that a local tissue movement of less than 0.3 mm/0.06 s was estimated with a spatial resolution of 3 mm*3 mm. The local movement was larger in more elastic regions. It is suggested that decreased mobility as well as hardening of soft tissue due to tumor or fibrosis may be characterized from the local movement observed in conventional real-time B-scan images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Segmental durations in connected-speech signals: Current results (1988)

Two types of analyses have been performed on the measured durations of recordings produced by six talkers reading two scripts of approximately 300 words each. The texts, the combined visual–auditory marking technique, and preliminary results were reported earlier by Crystal and House [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, 705–716 (1982)]. The average durations and standard deviations of various classes of speech sounds, as well as individual speech sounds, have been determined and segmental measurements are compared to earlier data and to various pertinent published reports. The histograms of the measured durations of various sounds and categories have been fitted with distributions which are, equivalently, the exit-probability sequence for a Markov chain or the impulse response of an IIR digital-filter network.
Zinc oxide nanowire gas sensors: Fabrication, functionalisation and devices (2015)

With the progress in the synthesis of high quality ZnO nanowires, their implementation as gas sensors has gained popularity. Relying on the surface ionosorption, these devices have demonstrated exquisite sensitivity with further improvement achieved through various functionalisation methods. Both resistive and transistor based methodologies are employed for gas sensing while integration of micro-heaters has also been attempted for portability of the devices. In order to achieve successful inclusion amongst semiconductor fabrication processes, top-down approaches are being explored along with conventional bottom-up synthesis routes. Major challenge of low selectivity can be overcome by Electronic Nose systems. This article reviews the progress in synthesis, functionalisation, and device implementation of ZnO nanowire gas sensors, concluding with remarks on associated challenges and future prospects.
GnRH agonist for triggering of final oocyte maturation: time for a change of practice? (2011)

GnRHa triggering is a valid alternative to hCG triggering, resulting in an elimination of OHSS. After modified luteal support there is now a non-significant difference of 6% in delivery rate in favour of hCG triggering.
<i>Potato Virus X</i> Amplicons in Arabidopsis Mediate Genetic and Epigenetic Gene Silencing (2000)

Amplicon transgenes from potato virus X (PVX) are based on a modified version of the viral genome and are efficient activators of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). To determine whether PVX amplicons activate PTGS in Arabidopsis, we used constructs based on the genome of PVX carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. Our analysis of the transgene phenotype exploited previous observations indicating that PTGS is associated with short 25-nucleotide RNA species, transgene methylation, and homology-dependent virus resistance. We also used the ability of turnip mosaic virus to suppress gene silencing as a means of dissecting stages of the mechanism. The results showed that a PVX:GFP amplicon induces weak PTGS and that this PTGS was enhanced in the presence of a GFP reporter gene. Our interpretation of these data is that the PTGS induced by the amplicon was genetically determined and equivalent to the initiation stage of the PTGS mechanism. The PTGS induced by the combined amplicon and reporter gene was equivalent to the maintenance stage and was associated with an epigenetic conversion of the transgene. The distinction between genetic and epigenetic PTGS explains the well-characterized effects of transgene dosage on PTGS that have been previously interpreted in terms of RNA expression thresholds.
Computer Graphics and Film Animation (1971)

An investigation has been made of some techniques in the application of computer graphics to the creation of animated films. Emphasis was placed on developing a facility wherean animator could work at a graphics display to create film sequences without any knowledge of programming. The objective was to provide the animator with a tool to generate the basic picture elements, to specify the motion for each element and to have the facility to synchronize the motion to sound. The system provides a real-time playback at the cine rate for previewing the sequences
Mycelium Fibers as New Resource for Environmental Sustainability (2013)

This study is to produce environmentally- friendly composite and know the potential and characterize the composite foam mycelia (root of mushroom) that use rice husk and wheat grain. Through this study, composite specimen of the foam using rice husk and wheat grain as reinforcement and mycelia (root of mycelium) as a matrix. Percentage impact on the physical properties of rice husk, microstructure and porosity were having been studied. There are three of specimen and different percentage: 50%RH 50%WS, 70% RH 30% WS and 30% RH 70% WS. This study was to determine whether the nature of the potential matrix of mycelia (root of mushroom) to replace the main source for the production of polystyrene. Rate of the density of the three specimens show a small different density. Based on the test of microscope scanning electron (SEM) on the three samples of each composition is percentage in each of the different sample. From this observation the percentage of element carbon found the highest of the three samples compared to other elements. After testing microscope scanning electron (SEM), apparent porosity tests on mycelia (root of mushroom) has been calculation. Each of specimens gets the average apparent porosity 66%, 55% and 58.7%.
ChemInform Abstract: New Strategies for Synthesizing Short Sections of Carbon Nanotubes. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Selective depletion of macrophages reveals distinct, opposing roles during liver injury and repair (2005)

Macrophages perform both injury-inducing and repair-promoting tasks in different models of inflammation, leading to a model of macrophage function in which distinct patterns of activation have been proposed. We investigated macrophage function mechanistically in a reversible model of liver injury in which the injury and recovery phases are distinct. Carbon tetrachloride---induced liver fibrosis revealed scar-associated macrophages that persisted throughout recovery. A transgenic mouse (CD11b-DTR) was generated in which macrophages could be selectively depleted. Macrophage depletion when liver fibrosis was advanced resulted in reduced scarring and fewer myofibroblasts. Macrophage depletion during recovery, by contrast, led to a failure of matrix degradation. These data provide the first clear evidence that functionally distinct subpopulations of macrophages exist in the same tissue and that these macrophages play critical roles in both the injury and recovery phases of inflammatory scarring.
Glutaminase isoform expression in cell lines derived from human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas (2003)

This paper describes some properties of glutamine oxidation and glutaminase isoform expression in cell lines derived from human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. The slow-growing adenoma-derived cell line AA/C1, and the rapidly proliferating carcinoma cell line HT29, both required glutamine for growth. The rate of (14)CO(2) production from [U-(14)C]glutamine was faster in AA/C1 cells than in HT29 cells. Conversely HT29 cells showed faster rates of glucose oxidation and lactate production. The activity of glutaminase was 3 times higher in AA/C1 cell extracts than in extracts of HT29 cells. Glutaminase activity in the two cell lines had similar K(m) values for glutamine, but the activity in AA/C1 cells had a higher K(0.5) for activation by phosphate. Glutaminase activity in extracts of both cells was inhibited by glutamate. Western blotting showed the presence, in both cell lines, of isoform(s) of glutaminase with an molecular mass of 63 kDa, intermediate between that of kidney glutaminase and liver glutaminase. PCR-based analysis showed that an mRNA species identical to the kidney-type isoform glutaminase C was present in both cell types as was an additional mRNA species identical to the liver-type glutaminase isoform from human breast tumour cells. Northern blotting using isoform-specific cDNA probes demonstrated that mRNA for both glutaminase isoforms was expressed at significant levels in both cell types. Similar results to those in AA/C1 cells and HT29 cells were obtained in two further adenoma and carcinoma cell lines respectively. These results contrast with those reported previously in hepatocyte/hepatoma model systems with respect to fuel selection, glutaminase activity and isoform expression. They also constitute the first demonstration of simultaneous expression of two glutaminase isoforms in a single cell type.
Mature fine tailings from oil sands processing harbour diverse methanogenic communities (2010)

Processing oil sands to extract bitumen produces large volumes of a tailings slurry comprising water, silt, clays, unrecovered bitumen, and residual solvent used in the extraction process. Tailings are deposited into large settling basins, where the solids settle by gravity to become denser mature fine tailings (MFT). A substantial flux of methane, currently estimated at ~40 million L/day, is being emitted from the Mildred Lake Settling Basin. To better understand the biogenesis of this greenhouse gas, the methanogenic consortia in MFT samples from depth profiles in 2 tailings deposits (Mildred Lake Settling Basin and West In-Pit) were analyzed by constructing clone libraries of amplified archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The archaeal sequences, whose closest matches were almost exclusively cultivated methanogens, were comparable within and between basins and were predominantly (87% of clones) affiliated with acetoclastic Methanosaeta spp. In contrast, bacterial clone libraries were unexpectedly diverse, with the majority (~55%) of sequences related to Proteobacteria, including some presumptive nitrate-, iron-, or sulfate-reducing, hydrocarbon-degrading genera (e.g., Thauera, Rhodoferax, and Desulfatibacillum). Thus, MFT harbour a diverse community of prokaryotes presumptively responsible for producing methane from substrates indigenous to the MFT. These findings contribute to our understanding of biogenic methane production and densification of MFT in oil sands tailings deposits.
Degree of Gelatinisation of Cooked Rice (1973)

Abstract A method for determining degree of gelatinisation of rice starch or rice flour, based on the amylose/iodine blue value after dispersion in alkali, has been developed. The method can be used to follow the course of cooking of rice under different conditions, and has been checked against a novel infrared technique for relating degree of gelatinisation to the phenomenon of hydrogen bonding.
Overview of the clinical efficacy of investigational anticancer drugs (2003)

The purpose of this overview was to make a broad inventory of investigational drugs for medicinal cancer treatment and, specifically, to indicate the evidence of clinical efficacy. Information was retrieved from electronic database searches in Medline and CANCERLIT and relevant published reviews. As the most recent findings are first reported as conference abstracts, an important basis for identification of new drugs and clinical results was a hand search of 13,392 abstracts from five major recent cancer conferences. A total of 209 investigational approaches or drugs were identified and classified into one of eight groups according to proposed mechanism of action. For 28 drugs/approaches survival data were available from randomized controlled trials. Statistically significant benefit was observed for only 12. In earlier phases no or modest anticancer activity was reported. It is speculated that the expanding knowledge in tumour biology might not easily translate into new substantially better anticancer drugs.
A Method of Transducing an Ultrasonic Shadowgraph or Image for Display on an Oscilloscope (1955)

It is found that the pattern of piezoelectric voltage on the surface of a resonant crystal corresponds to the pattern of the exciting ultrasonic field. A capacity scanning system is described whereby ultrasonic shadow-graphs and images are reproduced for observation in a manner similar to that used in television.
A quarter-micron planarized interconnection technology with self-aligned plug (1992)

In order to realize minimum pitch interconnections without degrading reliability, self-aligned contacts (SACs) between interconnections and plugs are necessary. The planarized interconnections with SAC plugs is formed for quarter-micron size as follows. Interconnection trenches and contact holes are formed using a self-aligned etch-stop layer, followed by simultaneous metal-filling into the trenches and contact holes. Si-rich oxide (SRO) films are found to be promising for a self-aligned etch-stop layer with their high etching selectivity to SiO/sub 2/ as high as 10-30. Sufficiently low line resistance of 15 k Omega /cm and low contact resistance of 70 Omega /contact are obtained with the quarter-micron W-interconnection with the SAC plugs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bifidobacterium longum Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Suppressing IL-17A Response: Involvement of Intestinal Epithelial Costimulatory Molecules (2013)

Although some bacterial strains show potential to prevent colitis, their mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the anti-colitic mechanisms of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis JCM 1222(T), focusing on the relationship between interleukin (IL)-17A secreting CD4(+) T cells and intestinal epithelial costimulatory molecules in mice. Oral administration of JCM 1222(T) to mice alleviated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis. The expression of type 1 helper T (Th1)- and IL-17 producing helper T (Th17)-specific cytokines and transcriptional factors was suppressed by JCM 1222(T) treatment. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from colitic mice induced IL-17A production from CD4(+) T cells in a cell-cell contact-dependent manner, and this was suppressed by oral treatment with JCM 1222(T). Using blocking antibodies for costimulatory molecules, we revealed that epithelial costimulatory molecules including CD80 and CD40, which were highly expressed in IECs from colitic mice, were involved in IEC-induced IL-17A response. Treatment of mice and intestinal epithelial cell line Colon-26 cells with JCM 1222(T) decreased the expression of CD80 and CD40. Collectively, these data indicate that JCM 1222(T) negatively regulate epithelial costimulatory molecules, and this effect might be attributed, at least in part, to suppression of IL-17A in DSS-induced colitis.
The present status and future growth of maintenance in US manufacturing: results from a pilot survey (2016)

A research study was conducted (1) to examine the practices employed by US manufacturers to achieve productivity goals and (2) to understand what level of intelligent maintenance technologies and strategies are being incorporated into these practices. This study found that the effectiveness and choice of maintenance strategy were strongly correlated to the size of the manufacturing enterprise; there were large differences in adoption of advanced maintenance practices and diagnostics and prognostics technologies between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Despite their greater adoption of maintenance practices and technologies, large manufacturing organizations have had only modest success with respect to diagnostics and prognostics and preventive maintenance projects. The varying degrees of success with respect to preventative maintenance programs highlight the opportunity for larger manufacturers to improve their maintenance practices and use of advanced prognostics and health management (PHM) technology. The future outlook for manufacturing PHM technology among the manufacturing organizations considered in this study was overwhelmingly positive; many manufacturing organizations have current and planned projects in this area. Given the current modest state of implementation and positive outlook for this technology, gaps, future trends, and roadmaps for manufacturing PHM and maintenance strategy are presented.
A Microwave Apparatus for Rapid Heating of Thread lines (1969)

AbstractA resonant-cavity type microwave system for rapid heating of polymeric threadlines has been developed. The basic design considerations which lead to the reliable operation of this heater are presented. Keys to the design of an efficient applicator are the selection of a controllable resonant mode, sufficient separation between adjacent modes, provision for ready insertion of the threadlines, and a means for tuning to the resonant frequency. Notes* Manuscript received October 29, 1969. IMPI 1969 Symposium Paper B5, May 21, Edmonton, Alberta.
Characterization of rapid thermally grown dielectrics by surface charge analysis and atomic force microscopy (1994)

With the advent of Rapid Thermal Processing to produce gate dielectrics, the need for quick characterization of the dielectrics has increased. The effect of the process conditions on the dielectric quality need to be considered during process development. Pre-growth cleaning processes may also affect the quality of the dielectric material. Surface Charge Analysis (SCA) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) provide measurements that may be used to aid process development. In this work, SCA and AFM have been used to examine the effects of NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH:H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>:H<SUB>2</SUB>O cleaning on (100) silicon wafers. The data indicate a correlation between surface roughness and interface trap density, with rougher surfaces having lower densities of interface traps. Also included in this work is a SCA comparison of oxides grown using Rapid thermal Oxidation in O<SUB>2</SUB> and N<SUB>2</SUB>O ambients.
Single Crystal KCl Fibers for 106-μm Integrated Optics (1973)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text G. Tangonan, A. C. Pastor, and R. C. Pastor, "Single Crystal KCl Fibers for 10.6-μm Integrated Optics," Appl. Opt. 12, 1110-1111 (1973) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The CHANT Project: From the Synthesis of the Singing Voice to Synthesis in General (1984)

The CHANT project was originally concerned with the analysis and synthesis of the singing voice. This work led to a complex program of voice synthesisby-rule: CHANT. This program was enriched with a constantly expanding software environment, consisting of both analysis and composition programs. In time, broader aims than the synthesis of the singing voice imposed themselves. These aims centered on the search for models of the processes involved in the production of musical sound. Our present research encompasses the physical description of sound phenomena (the sonic material), the articulation of these phenomena (organization), and compositional issues. This research is intended to transcend simulation. Our goal is to extrapolate new creative models for music on the basis of knowledge models developed using the synthesis-by-rule methodology. In this research, synthesis is the proof of both our understanding of sound phenomena, and of the music itself.
[Autologous liposomes]. (1990)

A possibility to increase liposomal tropism to different organs by obtaining them from target lipid cells is considered. The interaction of liposomes of varying phospholipid and ganglioside composition with hepatic cells of rats was studied in vitro. It was found that this interaction was governed both by the phospholipid and ganglioside composition of the vesicles. Liposomes formed of phospholipids and gangliosides of target cells were captured better by the cells. Liposomes formed by summary hepatic phospholipids and gangliosides were shown to be eliminated more rapidly from the flow and to accumulate in the liver of the rats. This suggests that liposomal affinity for specific organs may be increased by changing the content and proportion of lipids in the liposomes to attain the maximal similarity to the composition of the target cell membranes.
Recognition of tau epitopes by anti-neurofilament antibodies that bind to Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles. (1987)

Eleven anti-neurofilament (anti-NF) monoclonal antibodies were studied for their reactivity with heat-stable, microtubule-associated proteins and Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles (ANT). On immunoblots of NF proteins, the antibodies recognized epitopes that were variably sensitive to Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. Eight of the antibodies showed reactivity with ANT and decreased binding to electroblotted NF after phosphatase treatment. The same eight antibodies reacted with tau proteins from bovine and rat brain, binding to tau proteins was also substantially reduced by phosphatase. Of the eight antibodies that bound to animal tau proteins, five also bound to tau proteins from normal human brain. All of the antibodies that bound to animal tau proteins stained ANT in frozen tissue sections. Brief treatment of tissue sections with trypsin in most cases enhanced antibody binding to ANT. All antibodies that lacked reactivity with tau proteins failed to bind ANT. Phosphatase treatment of Alzheimer tissue sections did not change the immunoreactivity of ANT and neurites in senile plaques with ANT-reactive, anti-NF antibodies, except for two antibodies that showed decreased binding to ANT. In contrast, axonal staining was decreased or eliminated by phosphatase treatment, similar to the response of electroblotted NF and tau proteins. These results suggest that staining of ANT by anti-NF antibodies may be due to cross-reaction of anti-NF with epitopes in tau proteins, the epitopes in axons, NF, and tau are sensitive to the effect of phosphatase, whereas the majority of those in ANT are not, and some of the epitopes in ANT that are shared with NF and tau proteins are not readily accessible to antibody binding.