gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust PCA with compressed data (2015)

The robust principal component analysis (RPCA) problem seeks to separate low-rank trends from sparse outliers within a data matrix, that is, to approximate a n x d matrix D as the sum of a low-rank matrix L and a sparse matrix S. We examine the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) problem under data compression, where the data Y is approximately given by (L+S) ·C, that is, a low-rank + sparse data matrix that has been compressed to size n x m (with m substantially smaller than the original dimension d) via multiplication with a compression matrix C. We give a convex program for recovering the sparse component S along with the compressed low-rank component L · C, along with upper bounds on the error of this reconstruction that scales naturally with the compression dimension m and coincides with existing results for the uncompressed setting m = d. Our results can also handle error introduced through additive noise or through missing data. The scaling of dimension, compression, and signal complexity in our theoretical results is verified empirically through simulations, and we also apply our method to a data set measuring chlorine concentration across a network of sensors to test its performance in practice.
Immunohistological localization of human pregnancy-associated endometrial α2-globulin (α2-PEG), a glycosylated β-lactoglobulin homologue, in the decidua and placenta during pregnancy (1989)

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha 2-globulin (alpha 2-PEG), a glycosylated human beta-lactoglobulin homologue, were used in an immunohistological technique to determine the cellular localization of this protein in the decidua and placental tissues during pregnancy. During the first trimester the protein was principally localized to the glandular epithelium of the decidua spongiosa region of the endometrium with only weak staining associated with glands of the decidualized decidua compacta region. No significant cellular staining was detected in the decidua capsularis. At term in the decidua of the amniochorion and the placental bed weak staining for alpha 2-PEG was only associated with the epithelium of attenuated glands. No significant staining was detected in the placenta during pregnancy. These results suggest that the epithelium of glands associated with non-decidualized stroma represents the primary source of alpha 2-PEG during the first trimester and that a function of the decidua spongiosa in early pregnancy may be related to production of alpha 2-PEG. The decline in production of alpha 2-PEG during pregnancy is suggested to result from involution of the decidua spongiosa and at term the attenuated glands of the decidua represents the source of alpha 2-PEG.
Visualization and Post-processing of 5D Brain Images (2005)

Visualization plays a central role in the presentation and interpretation of medical image data. Radiologists and surgeons must be able to accurately interpret the data for diagnosis and surgical planning. The data obtained from many imaging systems can contain functional as well as structural information producing 4D datasets. In some cases this can extend to 5D when the image provides spectral information. Generally speaking, more information can be revealed in 5D than 4D imaging. Although several approaches are available to visualize 4D medical data, there is limited research on the visualization of 5D medical data. To present 5D medical datasets efficiently on a 2D screen provides considerable challenges to visualization. In this paper, a 5D brain EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography) dataset is used as a case study. The relationship and differences between multiple dimensional dataset visualization in different areas are analysed. A statistical post-processing method is then adopted to concentrate information included in the fifth dimension. A scheme to visualize 5D medical dataset is proposed and results are shown based on a simulated dataset.
CCXLIV.—Structure of the isocyanides and other compounds of bivalent carbon (1930)

D. Ll. Hammick, R. C. A. New, N. V. Sidgwick and L. E. Sutton, J. Chem. Soc., 1930, 1876 DOI: 10.1039/JR9300001876
Cryolipolysis Conformable-Surface Applicator for Nonsurgical Fat Reduction in Lateral Thighs (2015)

The cryolipolysis conformable-surface applicator was safe and efficacious for treatment of lateral thigh fat. Clinical photographs and ultrasound results showed significant reduction in fat thickness, and noticeable reduction in undesirable "saddlebag" bulges. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3: Therapeutic.
Combination of PANA and Diameter in Trusted Vehicle Network (2009)

Vehicle network is popular gradually. For more security in vehicle network, a trusted AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) environment for vehicle network must be established. The paper proposes an approach to establish such an environment using combination of two next generation AAA protocols, PANA (Protocol for carrying Authentication for Network Access) and Diameter. The ability of their combination both in work patterns and in the protocol structure is analyzed, and an AAA network entity communication structure and the architecture of the key device to combine the protocols are put forward. Moreover, the implement method of the software base on Open Diameter on the key device is given in detail. This scheme is proved to be effective through experiment.
[Diacetylrhein on a postcontusion model of experimental osteoarthritis in the rabbit]. (1993)

The "chondroprotective" activity of a drug must be tested not only in vitro but also in vivo. Because this would require several years in humans, animal models of osteoarthritis are used. A closed contusion of the patella caused by the impact of a 1-kg weight dropped from a height of one meter results in osteoarthritis. Twenty-three adult New Zealand rabbits were sacrificed 49 days after the contusion. Cartilages of both condyles and the patella were studied on 6-mu hematoxylin-eosin-stained serial sections. The morphologic osteoarthritis score (sum of gross and microscopic scores) was determined. Mean score was the mean value of scores for both condyles and the patella, whereas total score was the sum of scores at the three sites. The 23 rabbits were divided into four groups: controls (n = 6), controls + diacerhein (n = 5), contusion (n = 6), and contusion + diacerhein (n = 6). Diacetylrhein was given orally (3.5 mg/kg/d) throughout the 49-day interval between contusion and sacrifice. Mean and total scores showed no significant differences between the control, diacerhein, and diacerhein + contusion groups. Scores were significantly lower in the control group as compared with the contusion group (p < 0.03) and in the diacerhein + contusion group as compared with the contusion group (p < 0.05). Diacetylrhein given in as prophylactic treatment under the experimental conditions used prevented contusion-induced cartilage destruction and exhibited a "chondro-protective" effect.
Correction of the Aberrations of the Eye Using Adaptive Optics with Pupil Tracking (2011)

Adaptive optics has long been used in the astronomical telescopes to acquire high resolution images via the real time correction of the rapidly changing wavefront aberrations. Human retinal images also suffer from rapidly changing aberrations due to, for example, eye movements, crystalline lens fluctuations or changes in the tear film. Several research groups in the world have used adaptive optics for different retinal imaging modalities and were able to acquire high resolution images of the human retina revealing the photoreceptor mosaic. Being able to image human retina in high resolution opens a new era in many important fields, such as pharmacological research for retinal diseases, researches in human cognition, nervous system, metabolism and blood stream to name a few. Having such a potential in medicine, there is not an available commercial adaptive optics retinal imaging system for clinical research and practice yet. The reasons are the complexity, cost and poor reliability of the available systems of the research groups. Here in this research our aim was to search a cost effective way of improving the adaptive optics correction of a compact adaptive optics retinal imaging system designed for clinical research. Based on the hypothesis that majority of the changes in the aberrations of the eye are due to eye movements, using the default eye camera that is used for the alignment of the eye in the retinal imaging system, the new method required no extra cost or hardware. It was possible to control the deformable mirror in real time based on pupil tracking measurements and correct for the aberrations of a moving model eye and in vivo. As an outcome of this research we showed that pupil tracking which is an indispensable tool for retinal imaging in high resolution can be effectively used as a part of the adaptive optics as a result of the fact that indeed eye movements constitute an important part of the ocular wavefront dynamics.
Neurotrophic factor‐secreting autologous muscle stem cell therapy for the treatment of laryngeal denervation injury (2012)

MSC therapy may have a future role in selectively promoting and directing laryngeal reinnervation after RLN injury.
Analysis of an early‐onset Parkinson's disease cohort for DJ‐1 mutations (2004)

The frequency and relative contribution of DJ-1 mutations in early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is currently unknown. We analyzed a cohort of 89 EOPD patients (mean age at onset of PD +/- SD, 41.5 +/- 7.2 years), ascertained independent of family history, who participated in a study of the genetic epidemiology of PD. This study includes sequence analysis of the DJ-1 gene in addition to assaying the 14,082-bp deletion spanning exons 1 to 5, previously identified in a Dutch kindred, in 89 EOPD cases. A heterozygous missense mutation in exon 5 (A104T) was identified in an EOPD case of Asian ethnicity; this sequence variant was absent in 308 control chromosomes. We identified additional sequence variation in the DJ-1 gene, including a polymorphism in the coding region in exon 5 (R98Q), three polymorphisms in the 5' untranslated region (exon 1A/1B), and two polymorphisms in intronic regions (IVS1 and IVS5). Mutations in the DJ-1 gene are rare in EOPD in both sporadic and familial cases.
Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing System using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers and the Application in Steel Pipes with Inner Corrosion (2015)

The aim of this work presented here is to demonstrate that the ultrasonic guided wave testing system using electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) is able to detect the inner corrosion of steel pipes. Both excitation and reception of the guided wave is carried out with EMAT in this system, promising the practical guided wave testing system. First of all, theoretical background of the guided wave and EMAT are reviewed. Dispersion curve of the group velocity are calculated from a set of characteristic equation. Principle of the guided wave excitation and reception with EMAT is also discussed. Second, three dimensional guided wave testing simulator is developed and details of the guided wave testing system is delivered. Finally, simulation and experimental results are compared and discussed. Steel pipes with artificial inner corrosion are tested with torsional guided wave mode and the sensitivity to the corrosion is evaluated.
Differential contribution of mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, and glycolysis to region-specific oxidant stress in the anoxic-reoxygenated embryonic heart (2010)

The ability of the developing myocardium to tolerate oxidative stress during early gestation is an important issue with regard to possible detrimental consequences for the fetus. In the embryonic heart, antioxidant defences are low, whereas glycolytic flux is high. The pro- and antioxidant mechanisms and their dependency on glucose metabolism remain to be explored. Isolated hearts of 4-day-old chick embryos were exposed to normoxia (30 min), anoxia (30 min), and hyperoxic reoxygenation (60 min). The time course of ROS production in the whole heart and in the atria, ventricle, and outflow tract was established using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Cardiac rhythm, conduction, and arrhythmias were determined. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, gutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase as well as the content of reduced and oxidized glutathione were measured. The relative contribution of the ROS-generating systems was assessed by inhibition of mitochondrial complexes I and III (rotenone and myxothiazol), NADPH oxidases (diphenylene iodonium and apocynine), and nitric oxide synthases (N-monomethyl-L-arginine and N-iminoethyl-L-ornithine). The effects of glycolysis inhibition (iodoacetate), glucose deprivation, glycogen depletion, and lactate accumulation were also investigated. In untreated hearts, ROS production peaked at 10.8 ± 3.3, 9 ± 0.8, and 4.8 ± 0.4 min (means ± SD; n = 4) of reoxygenation in the atria, ventricle, and outflow tract, respectively, and was associated with arrhythmias. Functional recovery was complete after 30-40 min. At reoxygenation, 1) the respiratory chain and NADPH oxidases were the main sources of ROS in the atria and outflow tract, respectively; 2) glucose deprivation decreased, whereas glycogen depletion increased, oxidative stress; 3) lactate worsened oxidant stress via NADPH oxidase activation; 4) glycolysis blockade enhanced ROS production; 5) no nitrosative stress was detectable; and 6) the glutathione redox cycle appeared to be a major antioxidant system. Thus, the glycolytic pathway plays a predominant role in reoxygenation-induced oxidative stress during early cardiogenesis. The relative contribution of mitochondria and extramitochondrial systems to ROS generation varies from one region to another and throughout reoxygenation.
Optical nano-imagin of gate-tunable graphene plasmons (2012)

Resumen del trabajo presentado al 5th Mediterranean Conference on NanoPhotonics (MediNano5), celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 5 al 6 de noviembre de 2012.
New laser ceilometer (1977)

A laser ceilometer is an optical radar system which ascertains the height of the base of cloud by measuring the time taken for a pulse of light to travel from the transmitter to the cloud base and to return to the receiver. The single field unit houses the GaAs laser optical transmitter, optical receiver and the signal detection and processing electronics. The height of the base of the cloud is processed digitally within the field unit. The equipment has been designed to overcome the various limitations of earlier ceilometers, such as the base-line requirement, moving mechanical parts, dangers from high-powered lasers and constant maintenance to ensure alignment. Proven modern technology is employed throughout. The range of cloud-base heights over which the equipment operates is 30–1455 m. The equipment is modular, thus greatly easing maintenance. Theoretical considerations and constructional details will be discussed. The ceilometer has been compared at an airport with a cloud-base recorder operated by the British Meteorological Office. The ceilometer worked well within its specification in this operational environment, and these results will be presented
Turbo STIR magnetic resonance imaging as a whole-body screening tool for metastases in patients with breast carcinoma: Preliminary clinical experience (2000)

This study was undertaken to assess the utility of whole-body turbo short tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect metastases to liver, brain, and bone as a single examination in women with breast cancer. Seventeen patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer and suspected metastatic disease attending over a 12-month period referred for both conventional imaging and whole-body MRI were included in the study. Three patients were found to be free of metastases at both conventional and MR imaging. Appendicular or axial skeletal metastases were identified in 11 of 17 patients, with correlation between findings at whole-body MRI and scintigraphy in 15 of the 17 patients. Five patients had evidence of hepatic metastases on whole-body MRI, of which metastases were identified in only three patients at CT despite contrast enhancement. Four patients had brain abnormalities (metastases in three patients, meningioma in one patient) detected on both whole-body and dedicated brain MRI. Preliminary clinical experience suggests that turbo STIR whole-body MRI may represent a convenient and cost-effective method of total body screening for metastases in patients with breast carcinoma.
Intra-arterial renal infusion of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: Phase I clinical trial (2019)

Intra-arterial infusion of MSC into the renal artery in CKD cats was feasible and safe within a 3-month postoperative period. Efficacy and long-term safety have yet to be established. This procedure requires careful technique and training.
Immunomodulating Activity of Arabinogalactan and Fucoidan <i>In Vitro</i> (2005)

Many polysaccharides obtained from natural sources are considered to be biological response modifiers and have been shown to enhance various immune responses. Here, we investigated the immunomodulating effects of arabinogalactan (AG) and fucoidan (FU) in vitro. Mouse spleen lymphocytes became cytotoxic to tumor cells after culture with AG and FU at concentrations of 10-100 microg/mL. Also, AG and FU were mitogenic in spleen lymphocytes and peripheral macrophages. Macrophages treated with AG and FU (10-100 microg/mL) exhibited induced tumoricidal activity and increased phagocytosis, lysosomal enzyme activity, and production of nitrite, H2O2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-6. However, AG and FU had little effect on the level of IL-1beta. Thus, the tumoricidal effect of AG- and FU-activated macrophages appeared to be mainly mediated by production of free radicals (NO and H2O2) and cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6). These data suggest that AG and FU are activators of lymphocytes and macrophages. This property may contribute to their effectiveness in the immunoprevention of cancer.
Regioselective α-bromination of carbonyl compounds with trimethylbromosilane-dimethyl sulphoxide (1986)

Le reactif du titre attaque regiospecifiquement l'atome de carbone α alkyle le plus lourdement des cetones non symetriques
Human Antibody Repertoire Libraries (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Historical Perspective Construction of an scFv Library in a Phagemid Vector Library Quality Control Semi-Synthetic Human Antibody Repertoires Human Antibody Repertoires in Other Display Formats Summary References
Conditioned Medium from Listeria innocua Stimulates Emergence from a Resting State: Not a Response to E. coli Quorum Sensing Autoinducer AI-2 (2006)

The lag phase of the bacterial growth curve is an important determinant in speeding the detection of pathogens. It is affected by many factors including the prevailing growth environment and inoculum size, as well as specific signal molecules. The elucidation of growth-regulating signal molecules is further facilitated by culturing cells in defined growth media. In this study, a defined medium capable of supporting growth of Listeria innocua at similar levels as obtained using a complex brain heart infusion (BHI) media was developed. Further, the effects of conditioned medium (CM) on population lag time of L. innocua was investigated using a rapid parallel approach (with an automated microtiter plate reader). Importantly, the lag phase was shortened by up to approximately 50% by the addition of CM from L. innocua cultures obtained late in the exponential phase. Finally, while L. innocua were found to secrete bacterial signaling autoinducer, AI-2, tests using Escherichia coli based CM having a 90-fold difference in AI-2 level suggested that the observed decrease in lag phase was not due to E. coli-derived AI-2 and was instead due to elements specific to L. innocua. These findings indicate secreted signal molecules may be found in CM that speed detection of L. innocua.
Occurrence of Burkholderia glumae on Rice and Field Crops in Korea (2010)

Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial rice grain rot and bacterial wilt on many field crops. We developed a simple diagnostic streak method for the isolation of B. glumae from diseased plant material. The geographical distribution of 178 Korean isolates shows that B. glumae is widely spread in South Korea.
A parametric model for synthetic aperture radar measurements (1999)

We present a parametric model for radar scattering as a function of frequency and aspect angle. The model is used for analysis of synthetic aperture radar measurements. The estimated parameters provide a concise, physically relevant description of measured scattering for use in target recognition, data compression and scattering studies. The scattering model and an image domain estimation algorithm are applied to two measured data examples.
Voltaire: A database programming language with a single execution model for evaluating queries, constraints and functions (2002)

Various features of the Voltaire database programming language are described. Unlike most other languages, Voltaire has a single execution model for evaluating queries, enforcing constraints and computing functions. Such a design also facilitates a bootstrapped implementation. Voltaire supports a synthesis of declarative querying primitives with imperative programming primitives so that constraints are also enforced. The notion of temporary instance creation, which allows an equivalent semantics to be given to classes and functions is reviewed. A data definition facility in which persistence is a property of the instances rather than classes, and the transparency provided between persistent and transient objects by defining a single set of operators for both kinds of objects are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Effects of Malfunctioning Personalized Services on Users' Trust and Behaviors (2011)

Online merchants adopt web personalization to customize web content to match online users' needs. Prior research has only looked at the "success" side of web personalization. Little research examines the "problematic" side of web personalization. The objective of this research is to explore how "malfunctioning" personalized web services influence an online user's trust in the personalization agent and the behavioral intention of that user. In particular, this research looks at two types of malfunctioning personalization: irrelevant recommendations and biased recommendations. We draw on trust theories to develop seven hypotheses to predict the effects of malfunctioning personalized web services. We conducted a study with a personalized music download website. We found that irrelevant recommendations led to low trust in the personalization agent's competence and integrity, and biased recommendations led to low trust in the integrity of the personalization agent. These findings provide empirical evidence of the possible problems of malfunctioning personalization and help firms understand and quantify the challenges and limitations of incorporating web personalization in their websites.