gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Shell-Based Block Ciphering Structure (SBCS) for AES Parallelism with Feedback-Data Mode (2014)

It is generally agreed that multiple hardware resources increase computing speed as each core provides individual data output. The provision of individual data output enables multiple cores to process and output data from each core independently. The individual characteristics of multiple hardware resources enhances data ciphering speed and outputs individual streams of cipher text. After enciphering, full text data are partitioned equally into separate, individual cipher text streams, each being equivalent to a separate, individual copy of cipher text. In the data encryption with block ciphers area, a feedback-data mode of operation such as CBC is the more favored block ciphering mode. However, due to it needs the previous block of data to find out the current block of cipher text, feedback-data mode could not encrypt each plaintext independently, so that it does not work with the multiple cores system. To conquer these problems, the Shell-based Block Ciphering Structure (SBCS) is proposed in this paper by modifying the operation feedback path to fit to the multiple cores operation environment.
Organo-silicon Compounds. II.<sup>1</sup> Silicon Analogs of Neopentyl Chloride and Neopentyl Iodide. The Alpha Silicon Effect<sup>1</sup> (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrgano-silicon Compounds. II.1 Silicon Analogs of Neopentyl Chloride and Neopentyl Iodide. The Alpha Silicon Effect1Frank C. Whitmore and Leo H. SommerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 3, 481–484Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01207a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01207a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1853Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An alternative method for transient analysis via wavelets (2000)

This paper presents an alternative method for the transient analysis of dynamical systems. The method consists of the traditional frequency domain analysis to capture the steady state operation of the system and a wavelet-based transient analysis which captures the disturbance. The total solution is obtained from the superposition of the steady state and disturbance solutions. This paper focuses on the second part of the solution method. The authors have named this method WBTA (wavelet-based transient analysis). It can be implemented using any set of orthogonal wavelets. In this paper, they present an implementation with Daubechies wavelets. The results obtained using this method are compared and verified with a numerical time-domain analysis method. A concise description of the method is presented followed by examples.
Computer controlled polishing and testing of a glancing incidence telescope (1986)

The elements of a Wolter type II telescope have been fabricated using a small area tool in a computer controlled facility. The absolute radius of the mirrors can be established to 0.812 μm, and relative heights on the surfaces can be determined to 0.016 μm. The primary has a 0.041-μm rms surface error, and the secondary has a 0.054-μm surface error.
Ill-convergence of Godard blind equalizers in data communication systems (1991)

The existence of stable undesirable equilibria for the Godard algorithm is demonstrated through a simple autoregressive (AR) channel model. These undesirable equilibria correspond to local but nonglobal minima of the underlying mean cost function, and thus permit the ill-convergence of the Godard algorithms which are stochastic gradient descent in nature. Simulation results confirm predicted misbehavior. For channel input of constant modulus, it is shown that attaining the global minimum of the mean cost necessarily implies correct equalization. A criterion is also presented for allowing a decision at the equalizer as to whether a global or nonglobal minimum has been reached.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Select Georgia and Pee Dee Cotton Lines (2004)

The current standard strategy for cotton transformation uses Agrobacterium for gene transfer and regeneration via somatic embryogenesis, but it is successful only for a handful of cultivars. This study was undertaken with the prospect of expanding the number of elite Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes that can be regenerated via somatic embryogenesis. We tested 15 elite Upland cotton lines from Southeast germplasm: eight lines developed by the Georgia Agriculture Experiment Station and seven by the USDA‐ARS Pee Dee cotton breeding program. These genotypes were tested on three embryo initiation–maturation media that were previously found to be capable of inducing somatic embryogenesis in diverse cotton species. Three Pee Dee lines, PD 97019, PD 97021, and PD 97100, and one Georgia line, GA 98033, responded to at least one of the three medium treatments. As expected, the regeneration efficiency of the Georgia and Pee Dee lines was relatively low as compared with the standard Coker 312 cultivar and a high degree of seed‐to‐seed variability was observed. However, the mean number of somatic embryos (SEs) per gram of tissues was high for the two best embryogenic lines, PD 97019 and GA 98033. Furthermore, the percentage of SEs that converted into plantlets for GA 98033 was comparable to Coker 312 for two of the three media tested.
Facile Synthesis of Marshmallow‐like Macroporous Gels Usable under Harsh Conditions for the Separation of Oil and Water (2013)

Soaking up s'more: Marshmallow-like flexible gels synthesized from organoalkoxysilanes by a facile process show superior oil/water separation properties. The gels are superhydrophobic and can be used to remove organic compounds from water through absorption; they can then be recovered by squeezing them out of the gel, as if it were a sponge. The gel retains flexibility over a wide temperature range, even in liquid nitrogen (see photo).
Mechanical stress mechanisms and the cell. An endothelial paradigm. (1993)

There are important physiological and pathological cardiovascular consequences related to endothelial biomechanical properties. The endothelium, however, is not unique in responding to external forces; virtually all cells accommodate or respond to the mechanical environment.
Assessing the Capacity of Ecosystems to Supply Ecosystem Services Using Remote Sensing and An Ecosystem Accounting Approach (2018)

Ecosystems contribute to economic development through the supply of ecosystem services such as food and fresh water. Information on ecosystems and their services is required to support policy making, but this information is not captured in economic statistics. Ecosystem accounting has been developed to integrate ecosystems and ecosystem services into national accounts. Ecosystem accounting includes the compilation of an ecosystem services supply and use account, which reflects actual flows of ecosystem services, and the ecosystem capacity account, which reflects the capacity of ecosystems to sustainably supply ecosystem services. A capacity assessment requires detailed data on ecosystem processes, which are often not available over large scales. In this study, we examined how net primary productivity derived from remote sensing can be used as an indicator to assess changes in the capacity of ecosystems to supply services. We examine the spatial and temporal patterns in this capacity for the Orinoco river basin from 2001 to 2014. Specifically, we analyze the capacity of six types of ecosystems to supply timber, pastures for grazing cattle, oil palm fresh fruit bunches and to sequester carbon. We compared ecosystem capacities with the level of ecosystem service supply to assess a sustainable use of ecosystems. Our study provides insights on how the capacity of ecosystems can be quantified using remote sensing data in the context of ecosystem accounting. Ecosystem capacity indicators indicate ecosystems change and harvesting-regeneration patterns which are important for the design and monitoring of sustainable management regimes for ecosystems.
Ultra-low-capacitance flip-chip-bonded GaInAs PIN photodetector for long-wavelength high-data-rate fibre-optic systems (1985)

A novel GaInAs substrate illuminated photodetector structure is reported for the 1.0–1.7 μm wavelength range with capacitance as low as 0.02 pF, packaging stray capacitance below 0.02 pF, 97% quantum efficiency and subnanoampere leakage current. The device is rugged, epoxy-free, does not use an integral fibre pig-tail and wire bonding to the detector chip is not required.
The 2-Aminothiazoles (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe 2-AminothiazolesCharles D. Hurd and H. L. WehrmeisterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 12, 4007–4010Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01180a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01180a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tunable rubidium excited state Voigt atomic optical filter (2016)

A tunable rubidium excited state Voigt atomic optical filter working at optical communication wavelength (1.5 μm) is realized. The filter achieves a peak transmittance of 57.6% with a double-peak structure, in which each one has a bandwidth of 600 MHz. Benefiting from the Voigt type structure, the magnetic field of the filter can be tuned from 0 to 1600 gauss, and a peak transmittance tunability of 1.6 GHz can thus be realized. Different from the excited state Faraday type filter, the pump efficiency in the Voigt filter is affected a lot by the pump polarization. Measured absorption results of the pump laser and transmittances of the signal laser both prove that the vertical linear polarization pumping is the most efficient in the Voigt filter.
High resolution digital zoom using temporal IIR filter (1996)

We propose a set of algorithms for improving the resolution of image sequences, which are assumed to have a greater amount of information than a 2-dimensional still image. The proposed algorithms can be the theoretical basis for 3-dimensional interpolation of dynamic image sequences. More specifically, motion detection in sub-pixel level and IIR filtering along the time axis are proposed for high resolution B image magnification as well as digital image stabilization. Experimental results using real image sequence are presented which demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Detection of Engine Misfire Events using an Artificial Neural Network (2004)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">New environmental legislation places increasing demands on automobile emission controls, requiring new approaches to engine management and diagnostics systems. This paper demonstrates the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) solution for misfire detection in spark ignition engines. The solution is based on a truly parallel hardware implementation of an ANN. The network is developed by a data-driven training process, using data with known incidences of misfires. No analytical or algorithmic methods need to be developed in order to train or use the ANN for misfire detection. There is minimal processing overhead on the main processor of the engine management unit, freeing resources for alternative engine management tasks or enabling the use of less costly processor solutions.</div>
Energy-efficient file placement techniques for heterogeneous mobile storage systems (2006)

While hard disk drives are the most common secondary storage devices, their high power consumption and low shock-resistance limit them as an ideal mobile storage solution. On the other hand, flash memory devices overcome the main problems of hard disk drives, but they are still more expensive in the cost per bit over hard disk drives and can only support a limited number of erase cycles. In this paper, we show that combining the merits of a hard disk and a flash memory device can produce an energy-efficient secondary storage solution for mobile platforms. We propose an energy-efficient file placement technique for such heterogeneous storage systems. The proposed technique adapts an existing data concentration technique by separating read and write I/O requests. Experimental results show that the proposed technique reduces the energy consumption by up to 74.5% when the combination of a 1.8" disk and a flash memory is used instead of a single 2.5" disk, at the cost of small increase in the average response time.
High-pressure behavior of cuprospinel CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>: Influence of the Jahn-Teller effect on the spinel structure (2015)

The Jahn-Teller-effect at Cu<sup>2+</sup> in cuprospinel CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was investigated using high-pressure, single crystal synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques at beamline BL10A at the Photon Factory, KEK, Japan. Six data sets were collected in the pressure range from ambient to 5.9 GPa at room temperature. Structural refinements based on the data were performed at 0.0, 1.8, 2.7, and 4.6 GPa. The unit cell volume of cuprospinel decreases continuously from 590.8 (6) Å<sup>3</sup> to 579.5 (8) Å<sup>3</sup> up to 3.8 GPa. Leastsquares fitting to a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state yields zero-pressure volume V<sub>0</sub> = 590.7 (1) Å<sup>3</sup> and bulk modulus K<sub>0</sub> = 188.1 (4.4) GPa with K’ fixed at 4.0. The crystal chemical composition determined by electron-probe analysis and x-ray site-occupancy refinement is represented as [Cu<sub>0.526</sub>Fe<sub>0.474</sub>]<sup>[6]</sup>[Cu<sub>0.074</sub>Fe<sub>1.926</sub>]O<sub>4</sub>. Most of the Cu<sup>2+</sup> are preferentially distributed onto the tetrahedral (T) site of the spinel structure. At 4.6 GPa, a cubic-tetragonal phase transition is indicated by a splitting of the a axis of the cubic structure into a smaller a axis and a longer c axis, with unit cell parameters a = 5.882 (1) Å and c = 8.337 (1) Å. The tetragonal crystal structure with space group I4<sub>1</sub>/amd was refined to R1 = 0.0182 and wR2 = 0.0134 using observed 35 x-ray reflections. At the T site, the tetrahedral O-T-O bond angles along the c-axis direction of the unit cell decreases slightly from 109.47 ° to 108.7 (4) °, which generates a stretched tetrahedral geometry along the c-axis. The cubic-totetragonal transition induced by the Jahn-Teller effect at Cu<sup>2+</sup> is attributable to the angular distortion at the tetrahedral site. At the octahedral (M) site, on the other hand, the two M-O bonds parallel to the caxis are shortened with respect to the four M-O bonds parallel to the ab-plane, which are lengthened as a result of the phase transition, leading to a compressed octahedral geometry along the c-axis. With the competing distortions between the stretched tetrahedron and the compressed octahedron along the c-axis, the a unit cell parameter is shortened with respect to the c unit cell parameter, giving a c/a ratio slightly greater than unity as referred to cubic lattice (c/a = 1.002). The c/a value increases to 1.007 with pressure, suggesting a further evolution of the stretched tetrahedron and the compressed octahedron. The variation of c/a ratio of the cuprospinel is similar to that observed in the tetragonally distorted cuprospinel with Cu<sup>2+</sup> fully occupying the octahedral site of the structure.
The azidonitration of tri-<i>O</i>-acetyl-<scp>D</scp>-galactal (1979)

Reaction of 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-galactal with excess ceric ammonium nitrate and sodium azide in acetonitrile produced 2-azido-1-nitrate addition products (53% β-galacto, 22% α-galacto, and 8% α-talo) and N-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranosylamine was formed, on hydrolysis, in 10% yield. The reaction product provides a convenient source of D-galactosamine and 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranosylhalides. The crystalline β-chloride is also reported. The use of these glycosyl halides as reactants for the preparation of 2-azido-2-deoxy-α- and -β-D-galactopyranosides under conditions promoted by both mercuric cyanide and silver salts are reported.
Carotenoids in biological emulsions: solubility, surface-to-core distribution, and release from lipid droplets (1996)

Data on the physico-chemical properties of carotenoids in biological emulsions are essential to our knowledge of carotenoid metabolism. Therefore, we determined the behavior of carotenoids in phospholipid-stabilized triglyceride emulsions, a model for biological emulsions such as dietary emulsions, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and intracellular storage droplets. The solubility of beta-carotene (a model for apolar carotenoids, carotenes) in pure bulk triglycerides (0.112 to 0.141 wt % according to triglycerides) was significantly higher than zeaxanthin (a model for polar carotenoids, xanthophylls) (0.022 to 0.088 wt %). The solubility of both carotenoids increased when the chain-length of the triglycerides' fatty acids decreased. The amount of zeaxanthin associated with lipid droplet dramatically increased in phospholipid-triglyceride droplets as compared to the pure corresponding triglyceride droplets, whereas the amount of beta-carotene associated with lipid droplets increased only slightly beta-Carotene distributed almost exclusively in the core of triolein-lecithin-carotenoid droplets, while zeaxanthin distributed preferentially at the droplet's surface. A significant percentage (8.3%) of zeaxanthin was spontaneously transferred from lipid droplets to aqueous phase and the remaining part was transferred during triglyceride hydrolysis catalysed by pancreatic lipase, while beta-carotene absolutely required triglyceride lipolysis to be transferred to the aqueous phase. Our results show that polar and apolar carotenoids behave differently in biological emulsions. They further our understanding of the bioavailability of polar and apolar carotenoids and of their distribution between lipoprotein particles.
Nutritional and functional added value of oat, Kamut<sup>®</sup>, spelt, rye and buckwheat <i>versus</i> common wheat in breadmaking (2011)

The quality profile of associated mixtures of oat, rye, buckwheat and common wheat flours (20:20:20:40 w/w/w/w) endorsed the proposed grain blend as suitable to make highly nutritious, modern and innovative baked goods meeting functional and sensory standards in terms of nutritional added value (improved dietary fibre fractions, minerals and antioxidant activity, slower starch hydrolysis), palatability (high sensory scores), convenience (extended keepability during storage) and easy handling during processing.
3 Two-Dimensional Coordinate Geometry (1983)

In chapter 2 we introduced the concept of the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and defined points in space as vectors, whence we were able to draw line segments between pairs of points. To be strictly accurate, a straight line (or line for short) in two-dimensional space is not a finite segment, but stretches off to infinity in both directions, and so we need to introduce ways of representing a general point on such a line.
Robust Detection and Tracking for a High-speed and Small Approaching Target in Clutter (2011)

In this paper, we propose a robust method which can detect and track a high-speed small approaching target in a cluttered environment for Korean Active Protection System. The proposed method uses a temporal and spatial filter, tracking filter to detect and track a single target in consecutive order. And it is comprised of a candidate target detection step, a prior target selection step and a target tracking. Field tests on real infrared image sequences show that the proposed method could stably track a high speed and small target in complex background and target occlusion.
A comparison of machine learning techniques for survival prediction in breast cancer (2011)

Since the performance of Genetic Programming is likely to be improvable compared to the out-of-the-box approach used here, and given the biological insight potentially provided by the Genetic Programming solutions, we conclude that Genetic Programming methods are worth further investigation as a tool for cancer patient classification based on gene expression data.
Development of Hologram Head-Up Display (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Instrument clusters used in automobiles play an important role as man-machine interface. A variety of information about the current driving situation is conveyed to the driver quickly and accurately.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">A great interest has been taken in the high visibility and legibility of the head-up display (subsequently abbreviated as HUD). Originally developed as display used in aeronautical applications, we have tried to exploit ways to adapt this device for automotive use. We have succeeded to produce a new HUD system, which has the following design features;</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ol class="list nostyle"> <li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">(1)</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">High brightness and high contrast display device using a liquid crystal display (subsequently abbreviated as LCD) and a halogen lamp illumination.</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">(2)</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Long focus display in two colors using holographic lens.</div> </li> <li class="list-item"> <span class="li-label">(3)</span> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Automatic dimming control system using an illuminance sensor.</div> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">(see Fig. 1)</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <figure id="F1" class="figure"> <div class="graphic-wrapper"><img class="article-figure figure" src="920600_fig0001.jpg" alt="No Caption Available"/></div> </figure> </div>