gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the reactivity of organophosphorus compounds. Part III: Application of the Hammett relation to the rates of alkaline hydrolysis of a number of diethyl substituted phenyl phosphates (1967)

Abstract As part of our program on the reactivity of organophosphorus compounds in nucleophilic substitution reactions the rates of alkaline hydrolysis have been determined for a number of diethyl substituted phenyl phosphates (diethyl phenyl phosphate and eight ortho ‐, five meta ‐ and thirteen para ‐nuclear‐substituted derivatives). The following relationships were observed: — an excellent ϱσ correlation between the log k OH values of diethyl phenyl phosphate and four meta ‐substituted derivatives and the “primary” σ values of van Bekkum et al. for meta ‐substituents; — a satisfactory correlation between the log k OH values of some ortho ‐substituted compounds and Taft 's σ* values for ortho ‐substituents. Calculated σ values have been compared with van Bekkum 's σ n values concluding very weak and no mesomeric para interactions for − M and + M substituents respectively.
An Analytical Rolling Model Including Through Thickness Shear Stress Distributions (1984)

An extension of the slab method of analysis as applied to rolling is presented. The von Mises yield criterion, including shear stresses, is written in terms of the frictional boundary condition at the roll-metal interface. Utilizing simplifying assumptions, an expression results which can then be combined with the equilibrium equations so that analytical expressions for roll force, torque, and extrusion ratio result. Whereas the concept is based on the same physical principles inherent in Orowan’s analysis of rolling, the slab method of analysis used here is less rigorous but has the advantage that analytic expressions are obtainable. Therefore, the equations are applicable for mill control purposes. Furthermore, the analytic expressions can be inverted so that estimates of friction and flow stress may be obtained by roll force and extrusion ratio measurements. In hot rolling, the temperature of the sheet may then be inferred from this value of flow stress, if the material’s flow stress is a known function of temperature and strain rate. Thus, this provides the capability to eventually control sheet temperatures and lubrication conditions by adjusting coolant sprays. Theoretical verification is discussed by comparison with Orowan’s theory and finite element analysis. Accuracy is discussed in terms of hot continuous mill and laboratory reversing mill data.
DAPk Protein Family and Cancer (2006)

The Death-Associated Protein kinase (DAPk) family contains three closely related serine/threonine kinases, named DAPk, ZIPk and DRP-1, which display a high degree of homology in their catalytic domains. The recent discovery of protein-protein interactions and kinase/substrate relationships among these family members suggests that the three kinases may form multi-protein complexes capable of transmitting apoptotic or autophagic cell death signals in response to various cellular stresses including the misregulated expression of oncogenes in pre-malignant cells. Several lines of evidence indicate that the most studied member of the family, DAPk, has tumor and metastasis suppressor properties. Here we present an overview of the data connecting the DAPk family of proteins to cell death and malignant transformation and discuss the possible involvement of the autophagic cell death-inducing capacity of DAPk in its tumor suppressor activity.
Clinical, epidemiological and treatment results of idiopathic epilepsy in 54 labrador retrievers: a long‐term study (1997)

The records of 54 labrador retrievers with idiopathic epilepsy were reviewed. Exogenous factors played a minor role in the transmission of the epilepsy. Prodromal phase and aura were present in the majority of the dogs with generalised seizures. The ictal phase was characterised by long-lasting automatisms. Approximately half of the dogs had seizures more than once a month: the remainder ranged from one every two months to one every 12 months. The average frequency in dogs with generalized seizures (n = 49) was one every 65 days and in dogs with partial seizures (n = 5) one every 205 days. Long-term follow-up was performed in 46 dogs, 37 of which followed a strict treatment protocol. Possible causes for the large variations in treatment results were analysed. One goal was to identify objective aspects enabling a realistic prognosis prior to treatment. Animals with a high age at onset of seizure (mean, four years) showed an excellent outcome, even if treatment began late. Dogs with low frequency rates and low total numbers of seizures responded well to therapy if treated as early as possible.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonspherical Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Colloid‐Chemical Synthesis and Morphology Control (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of transition metal promoters on CO oxidation over Pt/SiC catalyst (2008)

Pt/M/SiC CO oxidation catalysts were prepared by impregnation,using SiC as the support,platinum as the active constituent and transition metals(Fe,Co and Ni) as the promoters.Effects of different transition metals and their loadings,impregnation procedures,space velocity and calcination temperature on catalytic properties of the Pt/SiC catalysts were investigated.The results showed that addition of transition metals remarkably enhanced the catalytic activity by improving Pt dispersion and the interaction between Pt and transition metals.The catalyst promoted by Fe exhibited the highest activity.The catalyst prepared by co-impregnation was superior to those prepared by stepwise impregnation.Appropriate loadings of Fe apparently enhanced catalytic activity of Pt/SiC.The optimal calcination temperature for Pt-Fe/SiC catalyst was 500 ℃.
The picture says it all! (2011)

People share photographs with family and friends! This inclination to share photographs lends itself to many occasions of co-present sharing resulting in interesting interactions, discussions, and experiences among those present. These interactions, are rich in information about the context and the content of the photograph and if extracted can be used to associate metadata with the photograph. However these are rarely captured and so, are lost at the end of the co-present photo sharing session.
Plasma Deposition of Fluorinated Compounds (1979)

Both saturated and unsaturated fluorocarbons yielded fluorine containing films on organic and inorganic surfaces when exposed to a radiofrequency glow discharge. The analysis of the surfaces by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated a higher fluorine content using unsaturated compounds than with saturated ones. The relation, however, was reversed after extracting the surface with C2F3Cl3and acetone. This lead to the conclusion that, while unsaturated fluorocarbons will readily polymerize in a glow discharge, the main result is deposition of polymeric materials and not their grafting. On the other hand, radicals from saturated fluorine compounds react mostly with the surface, creating a more permanently attached fluorinated layer. The conclusions drawn from XPS analysis were reinforced by the examination of surface wettability.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of diclofenac-antioxidant mutual prodrugs as safer NSAIDs (2009)

Diclofenac has been conjugated with different antioxidants having antiulcerogenic activity with the objective of obtaining diclofenac-antioxidant mutual prodrugs as safer NSAIDs devoid of ulccrogcnic side-effects. The synthesized derivatives arc screened for their antiinflammatory, analgesic and antiulcer activity. The mutual prodrugs show retention of antiinflammatory activity with reduced ulccrogenic side-effects. These results indicate that diclofenac-antioxidant mutual prodrugs have the potential to be developed as safer NSAIDs.
Analysis of blocking matrices for generalized sidelobe cancellers for non-stationary broadband signals (2002)

This contribution relates the robust generalized sidelobe canceller (RGSC) with an adaptive blocking matrix (ABM) after Hoshuyama et al. for non-stationary broadband signals with linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamformers. While alternative approaches only exploit spatial wave field characteristics, it is shown that the ABM introduces dependency on the desired signal power spectral density (PSD) into the array look-direction constraints. The ABM yields better interference suppression than for stationary frequency independent look-direction constraints, since the ABM does not suppress frequencies without desired signal components.
Smart polymers in nasal drug delivery (2015)

Nasal drug delivery has now been recognized as a promising route for drug delivery due to its capability of transporting a drug to systemic circulation and central nervous system. Though nasal mucosa offers improved bioavailability and quick onset of action of the drug, main disadvantage associated with nasal drug delivery is mucocilliary clearance due to which drug particles get cleared from the nose before complete absorption through nasal mucosa. Therefore, mucoadhesive polymeric approach can be successfully used to enhance the retention of the drug on nasal mucosal surface. Here, some of the aspects of the stimuli responsive polymers have been discussed which possess liquid state at the room temperature and in response to nasal temperature, pH and ions present in mucous, can undergo in situ gelation in nasal cavity. In this review, several temperature responsive, pH responsive and ion responsive polymers used in nasal delivery, their gelling mechanisms have been discussed. Smart polymers not only able to enhance the retention of the drug in nasal cavity but also provide controlled release, ease of administration, enhanced permeation of the drug and protection of the drug from mucosal enzymes. Thus smart polymeric approach can be effectively used for nasal delivery of peptide drugs, central nervous system dugs and hormones.
Doxycycline Alters Metabolism and Proliferation of Human Cell Lines (2013)

The tetracycline antibiotics are widely used in biomedical research as mediators of inducible gene expression systems. Despite many known effects of tetracyclines on mammalian cells-including inhibition of the mitochondrial ribosome-there have been few reports on potential off-target effects at concentrations commonly used in inducible systems. Here, we report that in human cell lines, commonly used concentrations of doxycycline change gene expression patterns and concomitantly shift metabolism towards a more glycolytic phenotype, evidenced by increased lactate secretion and reduced oxygen consumption. We also show that these concentrations are sufficient to slow proliferation. These findings suggest that researchers using doxycycline in inducible expression systems should design appropriate controls to account for potential confounding effects of the drug on cellular metabolism.
Growth factor-mediated terminal differentiation of chronic myeloid leukemia. (1994)

Expression of the BCR-ABL chimeric gene in chronic myeloid leukemia results in the inhibition of apoptosis, a genetically programmed process of autonomous cell death. BCR-ABL and other genetic factors that suppress apoptosis confer cross-resistance to cytotoxic agents with diverse mechanisms of action. Eradication of the chronic myeloid leukemia clone requires strategies that circumvent this inherent resistance to cytotoxic therapy. We have determined that BCR-ABL expression augments the sensitivity of hematopoietic cells to growth factor-mediated signals of differentiation; hematopoietic growth factors induce the selective terminal differentiation of chronic myeloid leukemia progenitors at concentrations that allow optimal growth of normal progenitors. Hematopoietic growth factors may be an effective strategy for the elimination of cytotoxic therapy-resistant leukemic cells by inducing their terminal differentiation while allowing concomitant expansion of coexistent normal hematopoietic progenitors.
Implications of an open system approach to vehicle health management (2004)

The Boeing Company has pursued the development of an open, software reference architecture for vehicle health management (VHM) systems. Boeing's role as a system integrator has motivated this effort to reduce the development and integration cost of VHM systems and to achieve a higher level of performance that includes totally integrated diagnostics and prognostic capabilities. The development of this architecture was begun by an industry consortium lead by Boeing under a Navy Dual Use Science and Technology Program. This program was entitled open system architecture for condition based maintenance (OSACBM), and it has been continued under the auspices of the machinery information management open systems alliance (MIMOSA). The rewards and challenges of introducing this VRM open architecture into the system development and business processes are described.
Getting Lost: A Case Study in Interface Design (1985)

This paper describes an application of principles of spatial data management to correct for an information handling problem, the “getting lost” phenomena in a large multiple display network. The application is the computerization (e.g., electronic book) of a book of procedures for use by nuclear power plant operators during accident conditions.
On the Structure of Cardiolipin<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the Structure of Cardiolipin*Jean LeCocq and Clinton E. BallouCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 7, 976–980Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00895a023https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00895a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views610Altmetric-Citations155LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Role of <i>SOX2</i> in maintaining pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells (2010)

Human embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is thought to be regulated by several key transcription factors including OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2. Although the functions of OCT4 and NANOG in human ESCs are well defined, that of SOX2 has not been fully characterized. To investigate the role of SOX2, we modulated the level of SOX2 expression in human ESCs. Reduction of SOX2 expression in human ESCs induced trophectodermal and partial endodermal differentiation. Interestingly, CDX2, a typical trophectoderm-associated gene, was not up-regulated. In contrast, using the Tet-on gene inducible system, SOX2 over-expression in human ESCs induced trophectoderm differentiation accompanied by increased CDX2 expression. Additionally, SOX2 over-expression resulted in an increase in CGalpha-positive cells, which marks later stage trophectoderm development, rather than placental lactogen-positive cells. Thus, over-expression as well as repression of SOX2 expression in human ESCs resulted in their differentiation into the trophectoderm lineage. Our data show that SOX2 plays an important role in the maintenance of pluripotency of human ESCs and possibly, trophoblast development.
Development of the automatic cell processing machine for the adherent cell (2009)

The automated cell processing machine for use in regenerative medicine applications consists of a clean robot and associated equipment for culturing cells automatically following protocols identical to those carried out manually. The performance of this device is being evaluated at Shinshu University Hospital. As a first step in assessing its usefulness in practice, we also tested this automatic cell culture machine for drug discovery applications. We found that it could be easily used for the culture of many types of cells because of the similarity of the protocol to manual manipulation.
The prediction of risk of recurrence and time to recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after orthotopic liver transplantation: A pilot study (1997)

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) in the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been complicated by high recurrence rates. The ability to determine the risk and timing of HCC recurrence on an individual basis would greatly aid in the candidate selection process resulting in a more efficient use of donated organs and allow the individualization and better evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy. The 214 patients who underwent OLTx in the presence of HCC were analyzed. From the 178 patients who survived more than 150 days, 71 (40%) have suffered HCC recurrence. Based on five risk factors, that is, gender, tumor number, lobar tumor distribution, tumor size, grade of vascular invasion, artificial neural network models predicting the likelihood of HCC recurrence within 1, 2, and 3 consecutive years after transplantation were developed. Based on model predictions, those combinations of risk factors that should/should not lead to recurrence were generated, allowing stratification of patients into the following three groups: 1) patients who should not suffer HCC recurrence and who should not need adjuvant therapy, 2) patients who will suffer recurrence and for whom postoperative chemotherapy significantly prolonged survival (but did not prevent recurrence), and 3) patients who may or may not suffer HCC recurrence and whose recurrence may be prevented by adjuvant chemotherapy. The outcome of OLTx for patients with HCC can be prognosticated based on a number of clinical variables. If verified through multicenter trials, these models could be made available to transplantation programs performing OLTx in the presence of HCC.
Lack of effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on chick embryo growth rate (1990)

Direct evidence that IGF-I has any significant effect on embryo growth is lacking. We therefore studied the effect of administration of IGF-I on the chick embryo in ovo. Five hundred ng pure IGF-I (purified from human plasma) were given to chick embryos on 2 occasions (7 and 14 d) by injection directly into the allantoic sac. Treated and control (saline injected) chicks hatched on the same day and were killed. IGF-I appeared to reach the tissues as the [35S]-sulphate uptake of treated sternal cartilage was significantly greater than that of control (P less than 0.02). However, there were no significant effects of treatment on total body weight, bone length measurements, organ (lung, liver, heart) weights, muscle DNA, RNA or protein levels. From these results we conclude that administration of exogenous IGF-I to the chick embryo at 7 and 14 d does not stimulate further growth of the chick embryo.
Comparison between penicillamine and sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis: Leeds-Birmingham trial. (1983)

Sulphasalazine was first formulated by Svartz in the early 1940s, specifically for use as a remission inducing drug in rheumatoid arthritis. After the publication of an unfavourable trial, however, the drug was restricted to patients with ulcerative colitis. In the late 1970s sulphasalazine was re-examined in rheumatoid arthritis and favourable results reported in "open" trials. A double blind controlled trial was therefore conducted comparing enteric coated sulphasalazine and D-penicillamine in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. A total of 63 patients were recruited in two centres; 31 were treated with sulphasalazine and 32 received penicillamine. After 16 weeks' treatment both drugs had produced significant improvements in clinical score, pain score measured on a visual analogue scale, grip strength, Ritchie articular index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum C reactive protein concentration. Nausea was the major side effect in the sulphasalazine treated group. No potentially dangerous effects of sulphasalazine were encountered in contrast with those seen in the penicillamine group. The results suggest that sulphasalazine is an effective and safe drug capable of producing remissions in active rheumatoid arthritis. They also lend confidence to the use of preliminary "open" trials as a means of screening for remission inducing drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.
Regulation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> RelA Requires Oligomerization of the C-Terminal Domain (2001)

The E. coli RelA protein is a ribosome-dependent (p)ppGpp synthetase that is activated in response to amino acid starvation. RelA can be dissected both functionally and physically into two domains: The N-terminal domain (NTD) (amino acids [aa] 1 to 455) contains the catalytic domain of RelA, and the C-terminal domain (CTD) (aa 455 to 744) is involved in regulating RelA activity. We used mutational analysis to localize sites important for RelA activity and control in these two domains. We inserted two separate mutations into the NTD, which resulted in mutated RelA proteins that were impaired in their ability to synthesize (p)ppGpp. When we caused the CTD in relA(+) cells to be overexpressed, (p)ppGpp accumulation during amino acid starvation was negatively affected. Mutational analysis showed that Cys-612, Asp-637, and Cys-638, found in a conserved amino acid sequence (aa 612 to 638), are essential for this negative effect of the CTD. When mutations corresponding to these residues were inserted into the full-length relA gene, the mutated RelA proteins were impaired in their regulation. In attempting to clarify the mechanism through which the CTD regulates RelA activity, we found no evidence for competition for ribosomal binding between the normal RelA and the overexpressed CTD. Results from CyaA complementation experiments of the bacterial two-hybrid system fusion plasmids (G. Karimova, J. Pidoux, A. Ullmann, and D. Ladant, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:5752-5756, 1998) indicated that the CTD (aa 564 to 744) is involved in RelA-RelA interactions. Our findings support a model in which RelA activation is regulated by its oligomerization state.
Vulnerability Assessment using Honeypots (2004)

Honeypots are electronic bait, i.e. network resources (computers, routers, switches, etc.) deployed to be probed, attacked and compromised. Honeypots run special software which permanently collects data about the system and greatly aids in post-incident computer and network forensics. Several honeypots can be assembled into networks of honeypots called honeynets. Because of the wealth of data collected through them, honeynets are considered a useful tool to learn more about attack patterns and attacker behavior in real networks. This paper explains the motivation for using the honeynet methodology and describes experiences with a honeynet at RWTH Aachen University. In analyzing the data collected through our experiment, we discuss the value of honeynets for computer vulnerability assessment. The paper also gives an overview over ethical and legal aspects of honeypots and a look on possible directions for further research.