gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of progesterone antagonists for cervical ripening and as an adjunct to labour and delivery (1994)

The labour-inducing activity of RU486 (mifepristone) in different species including the human is relatively low in advanced stages of pregnancy. However, it increases myometrial responsiveness to prostaglandins and oxytocin and it also induces cervical ripening. The labour-inducing and labour-conditioning activities of various progesterone antagonists (antiprogestins) and the progesterone synthase inhibitor epostane were analysed at the pre-term period of pregnancy in various animal models. In guinea pigs and Tupaja belangeri (species showing no spontaneous progesterone withdrawal prior to parturition) onapristone, which is a 'pure' progesterone receptor antagonist, effectively induced parturition at pre-term but not during mid-pregnancy. On the other hand, antiprogestins showing mixed agonist/antagonist activities (e.g. RU486, lilopristone, ZK 112993) and epostane were only partially effective in inducing pre-term parturition in both species. In guinea pigs, all anti-progestins increased myometrial responsiveness to oxytocin and prostaglandins, onapristone being approximately 10 times more effective than RU486. This effect was seen at doses of antiprogestins which alone did not induce labour at all. The increase in oxytocin response in onapristone-primed guinea pigs was not accompanied by an increase in myometrial oxytocin receptors, although a marked increase in myometrial gap junctions occurred. Antiprogestins induced a pronounced cervical ripening in pregnant and non-pregnant guinea pigs and rats independently of the action of prostaglandins. The infiltration of polymorphonuclear granulocytes, macrophages and mast cells into the cervix after antiprogestin treatment indicates that cytokines or other chemotactic agents may mediate this effect. In guinea pigs in late pregnancy, the cytokines interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-1 beta induced a cervical ripening morphologically similar to the antiprogestin effect. Our data indicate that progesterone may control uterine quiescence by reducing myometrial responsiveness, i.e. by down-regulating gap junctions and inhibiting cervical maturation, but not by suppressing the release of endogenous uterine stimulants which may be controlled by other factors. Antiprogestins may be used to prepare the uterus for oxytocin- and prostaglandin-induction of labour without influencing uterine motor function. Onapristone may be a preferable antiprogestin as an adjunct to labour and delivery at term because it has high labour-conditioning potency, no progesterone-agonistic activity, short half-life and low antiglucocorticoid activity.
Viral Escape from Neutralizing Antibodies in Early Subtype A HIV-1 Infection Drives an Increase in Autologous Neutralization Breadth (2013)

Antibodies that neutralize (nAbs) genetically diverse HIV-1 strains have been recovered from a subset of HIV-1 infected subjects during chronic infection. Exact mechanisms that expand the otherwise narrow neutralization capacity observed during early infection are, however, currently undefined. Here we characterized the earliest nAb responses in a subtype A HIV-1 infected Rwandan seroconverter who later developed moderate cross-clade nAb breadth, using (i) envelope (Env) glycoproteins from the transmitted/founder virus and twenty longitudinal nAb escape variants, (ii) longitudinal autologous plasma, and (iii) autologous monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Initially, nAbs targeted a single region of gp120, which flanked the V3 domain and involved the alpha2 helix. A single amino acid change at one of three positions in this region conferred early escape. One immunoglobulin heavy chain and two light chains recovered from autologous B cells comprised two mAbs, 19.3H-L1 and 19.3H-L3, which neutralized the founder Env along with one or three of the early escape variants carrying these mutations, respectively. Neither mAb neutralized later nAb escape or heterologous Envs. Crystal structures of the antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) revealed flat epitope contact surfaces, where minimal light chain mutation in 19.3H-L3 allowed for additional antigenic interactions. Resistance to mAb neutralization arose in later Envs through alteration of two glycans spatially adjacent to the initial escape signatures. The cross-neutralizing nAbs that ultimately developed failed to target any of the defined V3-proximal changes generated during the first year of infection in this subject. Our data demonstrate that this subject's first recognized nAb epitope elicited strain-specific mAbs, which incrementally acquired autologous breadth, and directed later B cell responses to target distinct portions of Env. This immune re-focusing could have triggered the evolution of cross-clade antibodies and suggests that exposure to a specific sequence of immune escape variants might promote broad humoral responses during HIV-1 infection.
Use of aircraft derived data for more efficient ATM operations (2005)

How to make the air-transport system more efficient? The answer is complicated and yet simple: provide the most accurate data concerning the flight and share that information between the actors in the air transport system! Indeed this is foreseen in the ICAO operational concept adopted at the eleventh Air Navigation Conference in Montreal in September/October 2003. Provision of aircraft derived data (ADD) is not a new idea, but recent technological progress makes it a far more realistic proposition, especially since most modern aircraft have much more accurate information than the ground system concerning their actual status and its projection to the future. This paper discusses the ways in which ADD can be used to benefit air traffic management. Potential ADD benefits result from reductions in controller workload through the provision of controller access parameters and also the enabling of more accurate trajectory predictions which should improve the efficiency of air traffic planning and monitoring tools. ADD can also facilitate the interaction of ATC with airline operation centres and airport operations. The work presented here is part of an ongoing European Union-funded NEAN Update Programme (NUP) (Gustavsson, 2001) activity to determine the technical feasibility of downlinking ADD to ground ATC systems using ADS-B and the operational benefits that this would bring. An operational service description has been developed (ADD Tiger Team, 2004) specifying how ADD could be used in ground ATC en-route and terminal area systems. Validation studies are ongoing focusing on the potential improvements to trajectory prediction that can be obtained through the use of ADD and the resulting efficiency benefits on controller decision support tools.
Graphene Oxide Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors (2013)

Figure 1. (a) graphene oxide structure, (b) chemical modificationamine-reactive EDC/NHS esters can be created on any carboxyl-containing molecule.
Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems (2005)

Abstract Respiration represents the major area of ignorance in our understanding of the global carbon cycle. In spite of its obvious ecological and biogeochemical importance, most oceanographic and limnological textbooks deal with respiration only superficially and as an extension of production and other processes. The objective of this book is to fill this gap and to provide a comprehensive review of respiration in the major aquatic systems of the biosphere. The introductory chapters review the general importance of respiration in aquatic systems, and deal with respiration within four key biological components of aquatic systems: bacteria, algae, heterotrophic protists, and zooplankton. The central chapters of the book review respiration in major aquatic ecosystems: freshwater wetlands, lakes and rivers, estuaries, coastal and open oceans, and pelagic ecosystems, as well as respiration in suboxic environments. For each major ecosystem, the corresponding chapter provides a synthesis of methods used to assess respiration, outlines the existing information and data on respiration, discusses its regulation and links to biotic and abiotic factors, and provides regional and global estimates of the magnitude of respiration. This is followed by a chapter on the modelling of respiration for various components of the plankton. The final chapter provides a general synthesis of the information and data provided throughout the book, and places aquatic respiration within the context of the global carbon budget.
Pyrimidine biosynthesis de novo in M. leprae (1989)

Mycobacterium leprae can synthesise pyrimidines de novo. Although pyrimidine synthesis could not be detected in intact bacteria, extracts contained all four enzymes unique to the de novo pathway which are detectable in mycobacteria by the methods used. Inhibition of aspartate transcarbamylase by UTP and ATP suggested that lack of pyrimidine synthetic activity in whole M. leprae could be a result of strong feedback inhibition.
A framework for interactive visualization of component-based software (2004)

We advocate the use of visual tooling for the development and maintenance of component-based software systems. Our contribution is twofold. First, we demonstrate how an interactive visualization tool effectively supports understanding large component based software. Secondly, we show how to design such a tool in order to make it applicable for a wide range of component systems and investigation goals. We demonstrate our approach by several visualization scenarios for real-world systems.
An End-to-End System for Real-Time Dynamic Point Cloud Visualization (2018)

The growing availability of RGB-D data, as delivered by current depth sensing devices, forms the basis for a variety of mixed reality (MR) applications, in which real and synthetic scene content is combined for interaction in real-time. The processing of dynamic point clouds with possible fast and unconstrained movement poses special challenges to the surface reconstruction and rendering algorithms. We propose an end-to-end system for dynamic point cloud visualization from RGB-D input data that takes advantage of the Unity3D game engine for efficient state-of-the-art rendering and platform-independence. We discuss specific requirements and key components of the overall system along with selected aspects of its implementation. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that high-quality and versatile visualization results can be obtained for datasets of up to 5 million points in real-time.
Genomic analysis of the type VI secretion systems in Pseudomonas spp.: novel clusters and putative effectors uncovered (2011)

Bacteria encode multiple protein secretion systems that are crucial for interaction with the environment and with hosts. In recent years, attention has focused on type VI secretion systems (T6SSs), which are specialized transporters widely encoded in Proteobacteria. The myriad of processes associated with these secretion systems could be explained by subclasses of T6SS, each involved in specialized functions. To assess diversity and predict function associated with different T6SSs, comparative genomic analysis of 34 Pseudomonas genomes was performed. This identified 70 T6SSs, with at least one locus in every strain, except for Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501. By comparing 11 core genes of the T6SS, it was possible to identify five main Pseudomonas phylogenetic clusters, with strains typically carrying T6SSs from more than one clade. In addition, most strains encode additional vgrG and hcp genes, which encode extracellular structural components of the secretion apparatus. Using a combination of phylogenetic and meta-analysis of transcriptome datasets it was possible to associate specific subsets of VgrG and Hcp proteins with each Pseudomonas T6SS clade. Moreover, a closer examination of the genomic context of vgrG genes in multiple strains highlights a number of additional genes associated with these regions. It is proposed that these genes may play a role in secretion or alternatively could be new T6S effectors.
Studies on crude drugs effective on visceral larva migrans. IV. Isolation and identification of larvicidal principles in pepper. (1988)

Eight new amide constituents together with seven known amides were isolated from pepper and their structures were determined by spectroscopic means. They are piperamide-C5 : 1(2E) (2), -C7 : 1(6E) (3), -C7 : 2(2E, 6E) (4), -C9 : 1(8E) (5), -C9 : 3(2E, 4E, 8E) (7), 1-[(2E, 4E)-2, 4-decadienoyl]pyrrolidine (8), and 1-[(2E, 4E)-2, 4-dodecadienoly]pyrrolidine (9). Among all of the amides isolated, seven (3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 15) showed larvicidal activity against second-stage larva of Toxocara canis and the others were inactive. The assay results suggested that the strongest activity was exhibited by the tertiary amides (piperidin- and pyrrolidin-amides) possessing a nine-carbon chain between the aromatic group and the amine moiety [for example, piperamide-C9 : 1(8E), MLC : 0.05mM after 24h of incubation]. The aliphatic amides 8 and 9 were also larvicidal. Mass spectra of piperamides are also discussed.
Using simulation to determine reliability and availability of telecommunication networks (2007)

The design of reliable networks is a fundamental task for system managers and telecommunication engineers, since reliability and availability are strongly related to other important concepts, such as quality and security. We have developed some simulation-based algorithms, implemented as C/C++ programs that can be used to obtain information about reliability and availability levels in a network. They can also be used to identify those critical components that should be improved or duplicated in order to increase overall reliability or availability. Furthermore, a procedure to obtain all minimal paths connecting a set of nodes in a network is introduced. Finally, two application examples, regarding Wide Area Networks (WANs), are discussed using these algorithms and procedure. [Received 22 July 2006; Revised 17 October; Accepted 26 October 2006].
The SH3D1A gene maps to human chromosome 21q22.1→q22.2 (1997)

Exon trapping was used to identify portions of genes on human chromosome 21. BLAST search of databases revealed that the trapped sequence hmc02a08 (one of 559 different trapped exons) was identical to a region of GenBank entry U61166 for an SH3 (Src-homology) domain-containing gene SH3D1A (formerly called SH3P17; Sparks et al., 1996). We subsequently mapped this gene to YACs and cosmids within 21q22.1-->q22.2 between DNA markers D21S319 and D21S65 using hybridization and PCR amplification.
Phase-Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization for Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverters with Unequal DC Voltages (2015)

High-voltage cascaded H-bridge multilevel (CHBML) inverters usually include many isolated dc voltage sources. Some dc source faults result in a drop in the dc voltage, thereby leading to unequal cell dc voltages. On the other hand, the differences in cell dc source parameters result in unequal dc voltages too. At present, riding through the faults of dc sources and operating under the condition of unequal dc voltages are required to improve the reliability of CHBML inverters. Unfortunately, the conventional phase-shifted carrier pulse width modulation (PSCPWM), which is widely used for CHBML inverters, cannot eliminate low-frequency sideband harmonics when cell dc voltages are not equal. This paper analyzes the principle of sideband harmonic elimination, and proposes an improved PSCPWM based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. This modulation technique eliminates low-frequency sideband harmonics by calculating and regulating the carrier phases according to different cell dc voltages. The proposed PSCPWM enhances the reliability of the CHBML inverter and extends the range of its application. Simulation and experimental results obtained from the prototype of the CHBML inverter verify the theoretical analysis and the achievements made in this paper.
Desiccant Dehumidification Performance Lessons (2003)

ABSTRACT Desiccant dehumidification is primarily a non-residential end-use technology that can be important to certain commercial businesses such as restaurants, hotels, grocery stores and hospitals; in public buildings such as courthouses, jails, and auditoriums; and in manufacturing sectors such as pharmaceuticals and microelectronics. This rigorous case study presents the results of the field test and the performance evaluation of a typical, commercially available, two-wheel gas-fired desiccant air conditioner. Field-measured performance is compared with the manufacturer's specifications, with predictions made using DOE-2 hourly modeling, with all-electric technologies, and with the theoretical limits of the technology. Comparisons were made between the manufacturer's published data, the manufacturer's site test data taken at the time of installation, the collected field data, the computer model, and theoretical best-case performance. The desiccant unit as installed delivers less cooling and dehumidification capacity than the manufacturer's rating, and much less than it would if the equipment design were optimized and the installation were commissioned. While the measured energy efficiency at peak load conditions is better than rated, the data show clearly that this rating is not representative of long-term field performance.
B cell targets in rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

B cells are critical to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is substantial evidence of the efficacy of depletion of B cells in many patients with RA using the first licensed agent, rituximab. Recent research has focused on enhancing efficacy using other targets to inhibit B cell function, including other B cell-depleting antibodies and cytokines critical to B cell function. The rationale for new B cell targets is discussed, as well as clinical data.
OFDMA femtocells: A roadmap on interference avoidance (2009)

OFDMA femtocells have been pointed out by the industry as a good solution not only to overcome the indoor coverage problem but also to deal with the growth of traffic within macrocells. However, the deployment of a new femtocell layer may have an undesired impact on the performance of the macrocell layer. The allocation of spectrum resources and the avoidance of electromagnetic interference are some of the more urgent challenges that operators face before femtocells become widely deployed. In this article a coverage and interference analysis based on a realistic OFDMA macro/femtocell scenario is provided, as well as some guidelines on how the spectrum allocation and interference mitigation problems can be approached in these networks. Special attention is paid to the use of self-configuration and self-optimization techniques for the avoidance of interference.
French Bishops, etc. (1867)

Journal Article French Bishops, etc. Get access J. Woodward J. Woodward 1The Parsonage, Montrose Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-XI, Issue 279, 4 May 1867, Page 364, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-XI.279.364b Published: 04 May 1867
New Designs for Dense Processor Interconnection Networks (1984)

Distributed computer systems can be modeled using graph theory to evaluate potential network topologies. A good network from a communication standpoint should have a small diameter because this allows all pairs of processors to communicate quickly. This paper presents a new construction method for interconnection networks, which is a generalization of the chordal ring networks of Arden and Lee. The graphs produced by this method are the largest known for many degrees and diameters.
Vascularization of the Pancreas: An Evolving Role From Embryogenesis to Adulthood (2013)

In most organs, blood vessels provide a continuous supply of oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors. In the case of pancreas, such environmental signals are crucial for both the development and the function of the tissue (1). Other evidence supports the fact that paracrine signals participate in this process. Based on the existence of such signals, blood vessels are intuitively supportive for organ growth. One illustration of such positive signal is that, at early stages of development, the vascular endothelium is an inductive signal for insulin expression in the endoderm (2). However, recent findings revisited this concept and demonstrated that the previously described positive role of blood vessels is not general. Magenheim et al. (3) found, using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, that blood vessels can have a restrictive role on pancreas development at later stages. Because of this controversial effect of blood vessels at different time points of development, more investigations have been necessary to clarify the precise effect of vascularization. The pathological impact of such discoveries is important as blood vessels have been shown to be key elements in diabetes (4) and pancreatic cancer (5).

During the last decade, a number of works have shed light on the role of vascular paracrine factors on pancreas development. This includes sphingolipid sphinsosine-1 …
Development of a DC distributed power system (2002)

This paper presents design considerations for power converter modules used in a distributed power system, including front-end power converter modules and load power converter modules. The system is designed for a universal input voltage of 90-260 V AC, with a bus voltage of 48 V DC. Several versions of the 600 W power factor corrected front-end power converter modules have been evaluated. One configuration includes a zero-voltage-transition PWM boost PFC circuit followed by a zero-voltage-switched active-clamp forward power converter. The second configuration uses an interleaved active-clamp flyback power converter for both the power factor correction and bus voltage regulation. 150 W and 300 W load power converter modules with 5 V output have been developed using the active clamp forward power converter topology and low-profile magnetics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Articles : Removal of Nitroaromatic Compounds from Artificial Groundwater by Granular Activated Carbon ( GAC ) : 2 . The Effects of Background Dissolved Organic Matter (1999)

The impacts of background dissolved organic matter (BOM) on the sorption of three phenolics (phenol, o-nitrophenol (ONP), and 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP)) were investigated with isotherm experiments. To investigate the effect of BOM, three different amounts of BOM per unit weight of GAC were preloaded. All the experiments were conducted in an artificial groundwater. Preloaded GAC shows decreased sorption capacity for phenol undue both oxic and anoxic conditions, increased for ONP at pH 4 in a certain range of equilibrium concentration, and increased for DNP at pH 4 under both oxic and anoxic conditions and at pH 7.5 under anoxic conditions. Sorption of these compounds with preloaded GAC was affected by the presence of dissolved oxygen and solution pH. The most plausible explanation for the changed sorption capacities of the GAC for ONP and DNP under certain conditions is that there were some chemical reactions other than oxidative coupling on GAC surfaces.
Combating Impervious Bugs (2008)

Host and bacterial proteins essential for bacterial survival offer new avenues for developing nonantibiotic-based treatments for infections.
Perioperative Intravenous Acetaminophen and NSAIDs (2011)

The i.v. formulation of APAP represents a safe and effective first-line analgesic agent for the treatment of acute mild-to-moderate pain in the perioperative setting when oral agents may be impractical or when rapid onset with predictable therapeutic dosing is required.