gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Concurrency extraction via hardware methods executing the static instruction stream (1992)

Hardware solutions to low-level (semantic) concurrency extraction are presented, focusing on the reduction of both control-flow and dataflow inhibitors of concurrency in general-purpose and scientific instruction streams. In the first model, CONDEL-1, an input code control flow model based on the code's branch domains is used in the algorithm to detect the reduced procedural dependencies in the input code. This model allows branches to execute concurrently. The cost and delay of the model's concurrency hardware are demonstrated to be relatively low, especially for the detection of concurrency beyond branches. The reduced procedural dependence techniques of CONDEL-1 are combined with high-speed reduced data dependency techniques to yield a machine model, CONDEL-2, executing standard sequential code in a manner beyond data-flow. Simulation results are presented and analyzed, showing the model's functionality and performance improvement. The beneficial effects of limited software optimizations are also reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Measuring, modelling and controlling the pH value and the dynamic chemical state (2001)

pH value is a challenging quantity to measure, model and control. In fact, pH value is a mere one-dimensional projection of a multi-dimensional quantity called chemical state and measuring, modelling and controlling the chemical state is much more challenging.\n\nThis thesis contributes to all aspects of pH processes. A new method for measuring the pH value under difficult conditions (pressure and flow variations in thick pulp) is presented. Classical physico-chemical modelling of chemical systems is extended with a concept of population principle which is a new formulation of the "reaction invariant - reaction variant" structure. Self-organising fuzzy controller (SOC) is modified to suit pH-processes better (high frequency noise and oscillations are damped more efficiently).\n\nAll the methods described above were tested with practical applications that include a pilot neutralisation process, an industrial ammonia scrubber and a paper machine wet end. The new methods showed such a significant improvement that they were installed permanently on the industrial applications.
Segmental Modeling for Audio Segmentation (2007)

Trainable speech/non-speech segmentation and music detection algorithms usually consist of a frame based scoring phase combined with a smoothing phase. This paper suggests a framework in which both phases are explicitly unified in a segment based classifier. We suggest a novel segment based generative model in which audio segments are modeled as supervectors and each class (speech, silence, music) is modeled by a distribution over the supervector space. Segmental speech classes can then be modeled by generative models such as GMMs or can be classified by SVMs. Our suggested framework leads to a significant reduction in error rate.
Inhibition of Itch-Scratch Response by Fruits of Cnidium monnieri in Mice. (2001)

We previously screened the anti-itching activities of 33 herbal medicines in substance P (SP)-induced itching model mice. One of the most potent antipruritogenic extracts, the methanol extract of fruits of Cnidium monnieri (Cnidii Fructus) was studied further. The chloroform-soluble fraction of the methanol extract markedly inhibited SP-induced scratching. Among 10 subfractions of the chloroform-soluble fraction, the CS-3 fraction had the most potent inhibitory effect on scratching. Each of 3 subfractions of CS-3 showed significant anti-scratching activities. However, inhibitory potencies were not different among the three and weaker than that of CS-3 itself at a same dose. These 3 subfractions of CS-3 mainly contained xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, bergapten, imperatorin and osthol. Single administration of osthol did not inhibit SP-induced scratching, and imperatorin very weakly subsided scratching. These results suggest that the strong antipruritic action was focused on the CS-3 fraction of the C. monnieri methanol extract, and it might result from the combined effects of these coumarin derivatives, or by undetermined minor compounds.
Cloning and Characterization of Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2002)

The folate derivative 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (folinic acid; 5-CHO-THF) was discovered over 40 years ago, but its role in metabolism remains poorly understood. Only one enzyme is known that utilizes 5-CHO-THF as a substrate: 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFS). A BLAST search of the yeast genome using the human MTHFS sequence revealed a 211-amino acid open reading frame (YER183c) with significant homology. The yeast enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant enzyme exhibited kinetics similar to previously purified MTHFS. No new phenotype was observed in strains disrupted at MTHFS or in strains additionally disrupted at the genes encoding one or both serine hydroxymethyltransferases (SHMT) or at the genes encoding one or both methylenetetrahydrofolate reductases. However, when the MTHFS gene was disrupted in a strain lacking the de novo folate biosynthesis pathway, folinic acid (5-CHO-THF) could no longer support the folate requirement. We have thus named the yeast gene encoding methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase FAU1 (folinic acid utilization). Disruption of the FAU1 gene in a strain lacking both 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) transformylase isozymes (ADE16 and ADE17) resulted in a growth deficiency that was alleviated by methionine. Genetic analysis suggested that intracellular accumulation of the purine intermediate AICAR interferes with a step in methionine biosynthesis. Intracellular levels of 5-CHO-THF were determined in yeast disrupted at FAU1 and other genes encoding folate-dependent enzymes. In fau1 disruptants, 5-CHO-THF was elevated 4-fold over wild-type yeast. In yeast lacking MTHFS along with both AICAR transformylases, 5-CHO-THF was elevated 12-fold over wild type. 5-CHO-THF was undetectable in strains lacking SHMT activity, confirming SHMT as the in vivo source of 5-CHO-THF. Taken together, these results indicate that S. cerevisiae harbors a single, nonessential, MTHFS activity. Growth phenotypes of multiply disrupted strains are consistent with a regulatory role for 5-CHO-THF in one-carbon metabolism and additionally suggest a metabolic interaction between the purine and methionine pathways.
Participation of monocyte-macrophages and lymphocytes in the production of a factor that stimulates collagenase and prostaglandin release by rheumatoid synovial cells. (1979)

Cultured mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood produce a soluble factor (MCF) that stimulates collagenase and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release by cultured rheumatoid synovial cells up to several hundred fold. These target rheumatoid synovial cells lack conventional macrophage markers. To determine which mononuclear cells are the source of MCF, purified populations of monocyte-macrophages, thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes, and bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes were prepared. The monocyte-macrophages alone produced levels of MCF that were proportional to cell density but unaffected by phytohemagglutinin or pokeweed mitogen. No detectable collagenase activity was produced by the cultured monocyte-macrophages or lymphocytes. Purified T lymphocytes produced levels of MCF approximately or equal to 1--3% those of purified monocyte-macrophages in the presence or absence of the above lectins. Purified T lymphocytes modulated the production of MCF by the monocyte-macrophages, however, in a manner dependent upon relative cell densities and the presence of lectins. For example, at optimal ratios of T lymphocytes: monocyte-macrophages, MCF production was markedly stimulated by pokeweed mitogen. Thus, interactions of T lymphocytes and monocyte-macrophages could be important in determining levels of MCF, which regulate collagenase and PGE2 production by target synovial cells in inflammatory arthritis.
Interference-Aware RZF Precoding for Multi Cell Downlink Systems (2014)

Recently, a structure of an optimal linear precoder for multi cell downlink systems has been described in [1, Eq (3.33)]. Other references (e.g., [2,3]) have used simplified versions of the precoder to obtain promising performance gains. These gains have been hypothesized to stem from the additional degrees of freedom that allow for interference mitigation through interference relegation to orthogonal subspaces. However, no conclusive or rigorous understanding has yet been developed. In this paper, we build on an intuitive interference induction trade-off and the aforementioned precoding structure to propose an interference aware RZF (iaRZF) precoding scheme for multi cell downlink systems and we analyze its rate performance. Special emphasis is placed on the induced interference mitigation mechanism of iaRZF. For example, we will verify the intuitive expectation that the precoder structure can either completely remove induced inter-cell or intra-cell interference. We state new results from large-scale random matrix theory that make it possible to give more intuitive and insightful explanations of the precoder behavior, also for cases involving imperfect channel state information (CSI). We remark especially that the interference-aware precoder makes use of all available information about interfering channels to improve performance. Even very poor CSI allows for significant sum-rate gains. Our obtained insights are then used to propose heuristic precoder parameters for arbitrary systems, whose effectiveness are shown in more involved system scenarios. Furthermore, calculation and implementation of these parameters does not require explicit inter base station cooperation.
Lithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide/Poly(ethylene oxide) Polymer Electrolyte for All Solid-State Li–S Cell (2017)

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) comprising lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (Li[N(SO<sub>2</sub>F)<sub>2</sub>], LiFSI) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have been studied as electrolyte material and binder for the Li-S polymer cell. The LiFSI-based Li-S all solid polymer cell can deliver high specific discharge capacity of 800 mAh g<sub>sulfur</sub><sup>-1</sup> (i.e., 320 mAh g<sub>cathode</sub><sup>-1</sup>), high areal capacity of 0.5 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>, and relatively good rate capability. The cycling performances of Li-S polymer cell with LiFSI are significantly improved compared with those with conventional LiTFSI (Li[N(SO<sub>2</sub>CF<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]) salt in the polymer membrane due to the improved stability of the Li anode/electrolyte interphases formed in the LiFSI-based SPEs. These results suggest that the LiFSI-based SPEs are attractive electrolyte materials for solid-state Li-S batteries.
Dehydration of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether Employing Modified H-ZSM-5 Catalysts (2009)

Synthesis of Dimethyl ether from methanol was investigated over H-ZSM-5 and promoted H-ZSM-5 catalysts employing Mg, Na, Zr, Al and Zn components. All samples were characterized by AAS, BET, XRD and TPD analyses. Results of TPD analysis indicated that the number of weak strength acid sites increased on the surface of Na, Zn and Mg modified H-ZSM-5, while the number of medium strength acid sites increased on the surface of Zr and Al modified H-ZSM-5. Zr- modified H-ZSM-5 zeolite exhibited higher activity (94%) and selectivity (99%) than other materials while all modified catalysts exhibited good stability. Ultimately, it was concluded that production of dimethyl ether from methanol occurred on acidic sites with medium and/or weak strengths. In this direction, an optimum catalyst for dehydration of methanol to DME with high conversion, selectivity and stability was developed.
Oxygen Vacancies in High Dielectric Constant Oxide-Semiconductor Films (2007)

We provide evidence that the oxygen vacancy is a dominant intrinsic electronic defect in nanometer scaled hafnium oxide dielectric films on silicon, relevant to microelectronics technology. We demonstrate this by developing a general model for the kinetics of oxygen vacancy formation in metal-ultrathin oxide-semiconductor heterostructures, calculating its effect upon the band bending and interfacial oxidation rates and showing good experimental agreement with the predictions.
Electronic Circuit Breaker for overload protection (2016)

This paper proposes an Electronic Circuit Breaker (ECB), trips the power supply instantaneously in overload condition Mechanically operated circuit breakers like MCB is based on very slow action thermal bimetal lever trip mechanism. The activation time of MCB rely on the overloaded percentage of the fault. The concept of electronic circuit breaker is introduced to know that the thermally operated circuit breakers such as MCBs take longer time to trip. For sensitive loads it is necessary to activate the circuit breaker within the précised time. The current flow through the series element is sensed by ECB and the corresponding voltage drop and the preset voltage is compared with a level comparator and the resultant signals are given to the microcontroller through a MOSFET which drives the relay to trip the load. Electronic circuit breaker is operated instantaneously with the tripping of relay.
Sumoylation of the Progesterone Receptor and of the Steroid Receptor Coactivator SRC-1 (2003)

SUMO-1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier) conjugation regulates the subcellular localization, stability, and activity of a variety of proteins. We show here that SUMO-1 overexpression markedly enhances progesterone receptor (PR)-mediated gene transcription. PR undergoes a sumoylation at lysine 388 located in its N-terminal domain. However, sumoylation of the receptor is not responsible for enhanced transcription because substitution of its target lysine did not abolish the effect of SUMO-1 and even converted the receptor into a slightly more active transactivator. Furthermore estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-driven transcription is also enhanced by SUMO-1 overexpression contrasting with the absence of sumoylation of this receptor. We thus analyzed SUMO-1 conjugation to the steroid receptor coactivator SRC-1. We showed that this protein contains two major sites of conjugation at Lys-732 and Lys-774. Sumoylation was shown to increase PR-SRC-1 interaction and to prolong SRC-1 retention in the nucleus. It did not prevent SRC-1 ubiquitinylation and did not exert a clear effect on the stability of the protein. Overexpression of SUMO-1 enhanced PR-mediated gene transcription even in the presence of non-sumoylated mutants of SRC-1. This observation suggests that among the many protein partners involved in steroid hormone-mediated gene regulation several are probably targets of SUMO-1 modification.
Dephosphorylation of Cdk2 Thr <sup>160</sup> by the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Interacting Phosphatase KAP in the Absence of Cyclin (1995)

The activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) requires the phosphorylation of a conserved threonine (Thr160 in Cdk2) by CDK-activating kinase (CAK). Human KAP (also called Cdi1), a CDK-associated phosphatase, was shown to dephosphorylate Thr160 in human Cdk2. KAP was unable to dephosphorylate Tyr15 and only dephosphorylated Thr160 in native monomeric Cdk2. The binding of cyclin A to Cdk2 inhibited the dephosphorylation of Thr160 by KAP but did not preclude the binding of KAP to the cyclin A-Cdk2 complex. Moreover, the dephosphorylation of Thr160 by KAP prevented Cdk2 kinase activity upon subsequent association with cyclin A. These results suggest that KAP binds to Cdk2 and dephosphorylates Thr160 when the associated cyclin subunit is degraded or dissociates.
Development and Evaluation of an Ambulatory Stress Monitor Based on Wearable Sensors (2011)

Chronic stress is endemic to modern society. However, as it is unfeasible for physicians to continuously monitor stress levels, its diagnosis is nontrivial. Wireless body sensor networks offer opportunities to ubiquitously detect and monitor mental stress levels, enabling improved diagnosis, and early treatment. This article describes the development of a wearable sensor platform to monitor a number of physiological correlates of mental stress. We discuss tradeoffs in both system design and sensor selection to balance information content and wearability. Using experimental signals collected from the wearable sensor, we describe a selected number of physiological features that show good correlation with mental stress. In particular, we propose a new spectral feature that estimates the balance of the autonomic nervous system by combining information from the power spectral density of respiration and heart rate variability. We validate the effectiveness of our approach on a binary discrimination problem when subjects are placed under two psychophysiological conditions: mental stress and relaxation. When used in a logistic regression model, our feature set is able to discriminate between these two mental states with a success rate of 81% across subjects.
Genotyping of Plasmodium spp.: Nested PCR (2003)

It is now established that Plasmodium falciparum parasites found in any one area are highly diverse and that individual hosts, vertebrate and insect, are often concurrently infected by multiple parasite lines (for example, see refs. 1-4). Different parasite lines of the same Plasmodium species are also known to vary substantially with respect to parameters such as the parasitological and clinical course of the infection, the pattern of recrudescence, immunological cross-reactivity, susceptibility to drugs, and transmissibility by various vector species. The relationship between the complexity of the parasite populations and such pathological, immunological, and epidemiological factors is poorly understood and clearly merits further investigation (for example, see refs. 4-16).
Synthesis of Pyridine and Dihydropyridine Derivatives by Regio- and Stereoselective Addition to<i>N</i>-Activated Pyridines (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTSynthesis of Pyridine and Dihydropyridine Derivatives by Regio- and Stereoselective Addition to N-Activated PyridinesJames A. Bull‡, James J. Mousseau§, Guillaume Pelletier†, and André B. Charette*†View Author Information† Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7‡ Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.§ Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA*Phone: (514) 343-6283. Fax: (514) 343-5900. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2012, 112, 5, 2642–2713Publication Date (Web):February 21, 2012Publication History Received7 July 2011Published online21 February 2012Published inissue 9 May 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr200251dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr200251dreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27832Altmetric-Citations761LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cations,Pyridines,Reagents,Salts,Substitution reactions Get e-Alerts
Living Polymerization of α-Olefins Using Ni<sup>II</sup>−α-Diimine Catalysts. Synthesis of New Block Polymers Based on α-Olefins (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTLiving Polymerization of α-Olefins Using NiII−α-Diimine Catalysts. Synthesis of New Block Polymers Based on α-OlefinsChristopher M. Killian, Daniel J. Tempel, Lynda K. Johnson, and Maurice BrookhartView Author Information Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 46, 11664–11665Publication Date (Web):November 20, 1996Publication History Received22 July 1996Published online20 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja962516hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja962516hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5653Altmetric-Citations798LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Catalysts,Living polymerization,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Data path synthesis in digital electronics. I. Memory allocation (1996)

A data path consists of memory elements (i.e., registers), data operators (i.e. ALUs) and interconnection units (i.e. buses) to control the data transfers in the digital system. Many approaches to hardware allocation for data path synthesis have been proposed in the literature; however, only single-port memory is considered for register allocation and no efficient synthesis approach for multiport memory synthesis. A novel design methodology for data path synthesis using multiport memories is proposed which can be applied to hardware allocation algorithms or to already synthesized data path as a postprocessor to achieve a better design. Illustrations of applying this method to different synthesis examples are presented. Results and improvements over previous techniques are demonstrated. Experiments on benchmarks show very promising results.