gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Internet for educating individuals with social impairments (2003)

Abstract Social impairments materialise in a number of forms, from developmental disabilities such as autistic spectrum disorder, to psychiatric conditions such as social phobia. The individuals diagnosed with these problems find it difficult to deal with social situations through either the inability to perform in these situations or the fear of not being able to do so. The study investigated the social and practical implications of using Mobile Internet technology to deliver information relating to a social situation in real‐time to participants with Autistic Spectrum Disorders ( n = 10 ) and General Social Phobia ( n = 3 ) diagnosed using DSM‐IV. The participants used the agent on their mobile phone to convert phrases they found offensive or confusing into more concise and understandable definitions. Analysing their attitudes revealed that the technology enables socially impaired individuals to learn the meaning of emotions and understand more about how they communicate with their peers. However, the study concludes that governmental organisations, education providers and society as a whole need to adopt a cohesive approach to communication to ensure socially impaired individuals are fully included in society
The neurochemical and behavioral effects of the novel cholinesterase–monoamine oxidase inhibitor, ladostigil, in response to <scp>L</scp>‐dopa and <scp>L</scp>‐tryptophan, in rats (2005)

The novel drugs, ladostigil (TV3326) and TV3279, are R and S isomers, respectively, derived from a combination of the carbamate cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor, rivastigmine, and the pharmacophore of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) B inhibitor, rasagiline. They were developed for the treatment of comorbidity of dementia with Parkinsonism. In the present study, we determined the effects of these drugs on both aminergic neurotransmitter levels and motor behavioral activity in naïve and in L-dopa- or L-tryptophan-induced rats. Chronic treatment of rats with ladostigil (52 mg kg(-1) for 21 days) inhibited hippocampal and striatal MAO A and B activities by >90%, increased striatal levels of dopamine and serotonin, and inhibited striatal ChE activity by approximately 50%. Chronic TV3279 (26 mg kg(-1) for 21 days) similarly inhibited approximately 50% of striatal ChE activity, but did not affect MAO activity or amine levels. In sharp contrast to the inductive effect of the MAO A/B inhibitor, tranylcypromine (TCP), on stereotyped hyperactivity in response to L-dopa (50 mg kg(-1)) or L-tryptophan (100 mg kg(-1)), ladostigil completely inhibited these behavioral hyperactivity syndromes. Accordingly, acute rivastigmine (2 mg kg(-1)) and chronic TV3279 abolished the ability of TCP to initiate L-dopa-induced hyperactivity, while scopolamine (0.5 mg kg(-1)) reversed the inhibitory effect of chronic ladostigil on L-dopa-induced hyperactivity, suggesting that ladostigil may attenuate successive locomotion by activating central cholinergic muscarinic receptors.Finally, while chronic ladostigil administration to naïve rats resulted in preserved spontaneous motor behavior, acute treatment with ladostigil decreased motor performance, compared to control animals. In contrast, chronic as well as acute treatments with TV3279 reduced spontaneous motor activity. Thus, the aminergic potentiation by ladostigil may counteract its cholinergic inhibitory effect on spontaneous motor behavior. Our results suggest that potentiation of both aminergic and cholinergic transmission systems by ladostigil contributes equally to motor behavior performance, which is substantially impaired in comorbidity of dementia with Parkinsonism including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).
Soul and Passions: A Probe into Descartes’ Ethical Thoughts (2021)

The interest in passion pervades every field of research in the 17th century philosophy and even becomes the central topic of the philosophical theories of Hobbes,Descartes, Spinoza and Locke.Rene Descartes’ Les Passions de l’âme reveals the intrinsic features of passion and its relationship with those subjects to be perceived. Getting insight into dualism of mind and body, he uncovers the sophisticated bonds between the two. In a narrow sense, passions can be deemed as a kind of perceptions connected with a man’s soul.Descartes explains what is passion from the perspective of internal dynamics of our bodies and employs both rational and objective methods to examine it. It is worth noticing that training a person to be virtuous makes the best way to remedy our passions which are always out of control. Descartes particularly concentrates on tolerance as a virtue and its function of treating other people equally to honor their free will. Though our passions are unpredictable, our soul still has the ability to control them by its power of wisdom to counter the impermanence of fate. Starting with the researches about passions, Descartes builds up his ethical system and finally proposes a kind of liberal morality aimed at respecting everyone’s free will.
Mechanical creep as a life-limiting factor of radio frequency microswitches (2005)

One of the characteristic failure mechanisms of microelectromechanical switches is stiction. Measurements, made using an instrumented nanoindentor, indicate that the adhesion force between hemispherical and flat gold contacts increases logarithmically with the number of actuation cycles. Concurrently, the electrical conductance increases with actuation time and the contact area increases. These time-dependent behaviors are a result of creep of the gold contacts under load, which sets a design limit for the maximum life of a contact switch before stiction failure occurs.
Incorporation of medium chain fatty acids into fish oil triglycerides by chemical and enzymatic interesterification (2009)

Structured triglycerides (STs) containing both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the same molecule offer nutritional and therapeutic benefits. The aim of this work was to establish the incorporation of MCFA into fish oil triglycerides (TAGs), while maintaining substantial levels of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids. The effects of different acyl donors (capric acid methyl ester/MeC10 or medium chain triglyceride/TCM) and of the catalyst (chemical or enzymatic) on the fatty acid composition of the reaction product were studied. The fatty acid composition of the fish oil TAG was modified after interesterification to contain MCFA, and it depended on the catalyst and on the substrates. Thermograms obtained by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that interesterification promoted noteworthy changes in the melting profile of the samples. STs of clinical nutrition interest containing both EPA and DHA obtained from fish oil along with MCFA were successfully produced.
Ways of achieving continuous service from computers (1974)

This paper outlines the methods used in the Real Time Computer Complex to keep computers operating. Methods include selectover, high speed restart, and low speed restart. The hardware and software needed to implement these methods is discussed as well as the System Recovery Facility, Alternate Device Support, and Timeout. In general, methods developed while supporting the Gemini, Apollo, and Skylab space missions are presented.
Procedure‐related risk of miscarriage following amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling: a systematic review and meta‐analysis (2014)

The procedure-related risks of miscarriage following amniocentesis and CVS are much lower than are currently quoted.
Models for Rested Touchless Gestural Interaction (2015)

Touchless mid-air gestural interaction has gained mainstream attention with the emergence of off-the-shelf commodity devices such as the Leap Motion and the Xbox Kinect. One of the issues with this form of interaction is fatigue, a problem colloquially known as the ``Gorilla Arm Syndrome.' However, by allowing interaction from a rested position, whereby the elbow is rested on a surface, this problem can be limited in its effect. In this paper we evaluate 3 possible methods for performing touchless mid-air gestural interaction from a rested position: a basic rested interaction, a simple calibrated interaction which models palm positions onto a hyperplane, and a more complex calibration which models the arm's interaction space using the angles of the forearm as input. The results of this work found that the two modeled interactions conform to Fitts's law and also demonstrated that implementing a simple model can improve interaction by improving performance and accuracy.
Eighteenth meeting of the Association for Symbolic Logic (1955)

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Unhappy Families: Global Capitalism in a World of Nation-States (1999)

Every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.
Differential Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> by Molybdenum and Vanadium Nitrogenases (2014)

The molybdenum and vanadium nitrogenases are two homologous enzymes with distinct structural and catalytic features. Previously, it was demonstrated that the V nitrogenase was nearly 700 times more active than its Mo counterpart in reducing CO to hydrocarbons. Herein, a similar discrepancy between the two nitrogenases in the reduction of CO2 is reported, with the V nitrogenase being capable of reducing CO2 to CO, CD4, C2D4, and C2D6, and its Mo counterpart only capable of reducing CO2 to CO. Furthermore, it is shown that the V nitrogenase may direct the formation of CD4 in part via CO2-derived CO, but that it does not catalyze the formation of C2D4 and C2D6 along this route. The exciting observation of a V nitrogenase-catalyzed C-C coupling with CO2 as the origin of the building blocks adds another interesting reaction to the catalytic repertoire of this unique enzyme system. The differential activities of the V and Mo nitrogenases in CO2 reduction provide an important framework for systematic investigations of this reaction in the future.
In-line pressures generated in small-bore central venous catheters during power injection of CT contrast media. (1997)

Flow rates were documented at which certain small-bore central venous catheters should tolerate power injection of CT contrast media with peak pressures remaining below the manufacturer's recommended operating pressure limits. These data may serve as a guide for clinical use.
Linear synthesis and immunological properties of a fully synthetic vaccine candidate containing a sialylated MUC1 glycopeptide (2015)

A strategy for the linear synthesis of a sialylated glycolipopeptide cancer vaccine candidate has been developed using a strategically designed sialyl-Tn building block and microwave-assisted solid-phase peptide synthesis. The glycolipopeptide elicited potent humoral and cellular immune responses. T-cells primed by such a vaccine candidate could be restimulated by tumor-associated MUC1.
A nterior Levatorplasty for Cases with Rectocele. (1997)

Rectoceleに対して,経膣的に余剰な膣壁の切除,縫縮と同時に,直腸膣中隔の補強の目的で,恥骨直腸筋および肛門挙筋の縫縮を行うanteriorlevatorplasty(ALP)を施行した症例の,術後の症状と機能の変化にっき検討した.対象は,有症状のrectocele5症例で,平均年齢は61歳で,2例は便失禁を,3例は尿失禁を合併していた.手術は,全例に余剰膣壁の切除,縫縮とALPを行い,便失禁の2例にはsphincter plicationを追加した.術後,全例で症状と便,尿の失禁は改善した.直腸肛門内圧検査では,全体として大きな変化はなかったが,術前に最小便意発現量,最大耐容量,最大静止圧が異常高値を示した例では,術後これらの値が低下し,便失禁例では,肛門管長,最大静止圧の上昇がみられた.術後の排便造影検査では,全例rectoceleは消失した.rectoceleに対するALPは,症状,形態異常の改善とともに,合併失禁例にも有用な術式であることが示唆された.
Uber: Utilizing Buffers to Simplify NoCs for Hundreds-Cores (2016)

Approaching ideal wire latency using a network-on-chip (NoC) is an important practical problem for many-core systems, particularly hundreds-cores. Although other researchers have focused on optimizing large meshes, bypassing or speculating router pipelines, or creating more intricate logarithmic topologies, this paper proposes a balanced combination that trades queue buffers for simplicity. Preliminary analysis of nine benchmarks from PARSEC and SPLASH using execution-driven simulation shows that utilization rises from 2% when connecting a single core per mesh port to at least 50%, as slack for delay in concentrator and router queues is around 6x higher compared to the ideal latency of just 20 cycles. That is, a 16-port mesh suffices because queueing is the uncommon case for system performance. In this way, the mesh hop count is bounded to three, as load becomes uniform via extended concentration, and ideal latency is approached using conventional four-stage pipelines for the mesh routers together with minor logarithmic edges. A realistic Uber is also detailed, featuring the same performance as a 64-port mesh that employs optimized router pipelines, improving the baseline by 12%. Ongoing work develops techniques to better balance load by tuning the placement of cache blocks, and compares Uber with bufferless routing.
Effects of natural antioxidants in neurodegenerative disease (2012)

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties and are abundant in the diet. Fruits, vegetables, herbs, and various drinks (tea, wine, and juices) are all sources of these molecules. Despite their abundance, investigations into the benefits of polyphenols in human health have only recently begun. Phenolic compounds have received increasing interest because of numerous epidemiological studies. These studies have suggested associations between the consumption of polyphenol-rich aliments and the prevention of chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. More specifically, in the last 10 years literature on the neuroprotective effects of a polyphenol-rich diet has grown considerably. It has been demonstrated, in various cell culture and animal models, that these metabolites are able to protect neuronal cells by attenuating oxidative stress and damage. However, it remains unclear as to how these compounds reach the brain, what concentrations are necessary, and what biologically active forms are needed to exert beneficial effects. Therefore, further research is needed to identify the molecular pathways and intracellular targets responsible for polyphenol's neuroprotective effects. The aim of this paper is to present various well-known dietary polyphenols and their mechanisms of neuroprotection with an emphasis on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Stability of Two Hierarchical Grouping Techniques Case I: Sensitivity to Data Errors (1974)

Abstract The impact of observational errors on the dendrograms produced by the complete linkage and single linkage hierarchical grouping techniques was investigated. Data corresponding to basal taxonomies were perturbed by adding error to the ranks of the inter-specimen pair proximities. The goodness of fit of the dendrograms obtained from the perturbed data and that corresponding to the basal taxonomies were measured by means of the Goodman-Kruskal gamma coefficient. Empirical sampling distributions of the gamma coefficients indicated that the single linkage grouping technique was more sensitive to the type of data errors employed than the complete linkage technique.
Definitionen & Einordnung (2002)

Generell ist ein Ziel ein Zustand, den man erreichen will. Im Rahmen der Entwicklung einer Lösung (= System) sollten sich die Ziele auf einen Geschäftsbereich (oder auf Geschäftsprozesse) beziehen und einen Nutzen deutlich machen. Mit den Zielen legen wir fest:
Comparison of pulmonary and hepatic glucuronidation and sulphation of ethanol in rat and rabbit in vitro (1992)

1. Pulmonary and hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase and sulphotransferase activities in subcellular fractions from rats and rabbits were determined, comparing ethanol with known substrates for these enzymes. 2. No ethyl glucuronide formation was detected with either hepatic or pulmonary microsomal incubations. 3. Chromatographic, autoradiographic and scintillation counting analysis indicated that ethanol is sulphated by rat and rabbit pulmonary cytosol, although this activity was approx. 2-6% of that in liver. 4. Rat hepatic and pulmonary sulphotransferase activities with beta-naphthol were approx. 13 and 60 times higher than with ethanol, respectively. 5. Rabbit hepatic and pulmonary sulphotransferase activities with both substrates were higher than those in rat.
Exoskeleton for Soldier Enhancement Systems Feasibility Study (2000)

The development of a successful exoskeleton for human performance augmentation (EHPA) will require a multi-disciplinary systems approach based upon sound biomechanics, power generation and actuation systems, controls technology, and operator interfaces. The ability to integrate key components into a system that enhances performance without impeding operator mobility is essential. The purpose of this study and report are to address the issue of feasibility of building a fieldable EHPA. Previous efforts, while demonstrating progress and enhancing knowledge, have not approached the level required for a fully functional, fieldable system. It is doubtless that the technologies required for a successful exoskeleton have advanced, and some of them significantly. The question to be addressed in this report is have they advanced to the point of making a system feasible in the next three to five years? In this study, the key technologies required to successfully build an exoskeleton have been examined. The primary focus has been on the key technologies of power sources, actuators, and controls. Power sources, including internal combustion engines, fuel cells, batteries, super capacitors, and hybrid sources have been investigated and compared with respect to the exoskeleton application. Both conventional and non-conventional actuator technologies that could impact EHPA have been assessed. In addition to the current state of the art of actuators, the potential for near-term improvements using non-conventional actuators has also been addressed. Controls strategies, and their implication to the design approach, and the exoskeleton to soldier interface have also been investigated. In addition to these key subsystems and technologies, this report addresses technical concepts and issues relating to an integrated design. A recommended approach, based on the results of the study is also presented.
Differentiated Context Maintenance and Exchange oriented to Internet of Things (2015)

Context information can add more meaning and value to the sensor data in Internet of Things. However, due to the large amount of sources of contexts and sensor data, the exchange of contexts through the networks may cause more and more data traffic. This paper proposes a novel method for maintaining and exchanging contexts through the Internet more efficiently. Contexts are classified into different levels. Each level of contexts is maintained and exchanged using different methods. A new protocol for exchanging the contexts is designed. Through the independent transmitting of contexts and sensor data, the context-awareness in Internet of Things can be realized, and the network bandwidth usage can be greatly reduced and thus the energy of node can also be saved.
Building whole applications using only programming-by-demonstration (1999)

(NSF) under Grant No. IRI-9319969. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government.
A New Synthesis of Dibenzoselenophene<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Synthesis of Dibenzoselenophene1James D. McCullough, Tod W. Campbell, and Edwin S. GouldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 12, 5753–5754Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01168a508https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01168a508research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiphase catalysis using water-soluble metal complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide (1999)

Hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde was performed in a supercritical carbon dioxide–water biphasic catalyst system, which eliminates gas–liquid–liquid mass transfer and gives better activity and selectivity.
A Unified Approach To The Design Of Visualization Software For The Analysis Of Field Problems (1989)

The term 'field' is used herein to refer to a process which associates a physical quantity with each point in a region of space. Fields can be scalar, vector, or tensor valued. Until recently, the commonly used methods for visualizing results of field analyses have tended to over-emphasize the typically discrete nature of analysis output. In contrast, emphasis in this paper is placed on the continuous nature of fields. Test results of an experimental system described herein suggest that interactive feature extraction may become more important than traditional 'batch process' oriented approaches to post-analysis visualization. Accordingly, users will need to be given a lot more freedom and flexibility to seek out those features of a given field that they consider important and useful.
Health and Disability Costs of Depressive Illness in a Major U.S. Corporation (2000)

The cost of depression to employers, particularly the cost in lost work days, is as great or greater than the cost of many other common medical illnesses, and the combination of depressive and other common illnesses is particularly costly. The strong association between depressive illness and sick days in younger workers suggests that the impact of depression may increase as these workers age.
PRODUCTION OF PETROLEUM RESINS (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPRODUCTION OF PETROLEUM RESINSS. C. Fulton and A. H. GleasonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1940, 32, 3, 304–309Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50363a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50363a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts