gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Estradiol Receptor/Src Association and Cell Growth by an Estradiol Receptor α Tyrosine-Phosphorylated Peptide (2007)

This report offers direct evidence that association of the estradiol receptor (ER) with Src triggered by steroid agonists or growth factors controls breast and prostate cancer cell growth. This association is abolished in whole cells and in vitro by a six-amino-acid peptide that mimics the sequence around the phosphotyrosine residue in position 537 of the human ERalpha. The phosphorylated peptide, at nanomolar concentrations, is taken up by MCF-7 and LNCaP cells derived from human mammary and prostate cancers, respectively. In addition, to block the ER/Src interaction, the phosphopeptide inhibits Src/Erk pathway, cyclin D1 expression, and DNA synthesis induced by estradiol or androgen or triggered by epidermal growth factor. In contrast, no inhibition of the Src-mediated epidermal growth factor action on DNA synthesis is detectable in human mammary cancer cells that do not express ER (MDA-MB231), indicating that the peptide specifically targets the ER-associated Src. Remarkably, the peptide, in contrast with classic steroid antagonists, does not interfere in ER- or androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional activity. Nevertheless, it markedly inhibits the growth of MCF-7 cell xenografts induced in immunodepressed and estradiol-treated mice. The present report suggests that inhibition of association of steroid receptors with Src or other signaling effectors may have therapeutic applications for patients with ER-positive tumors.
Embedded middleware and software development kit for area-based distributed mobile cache system (2013)

A new area-based distributed mobile cache system, a sustainable distributed Geocast technology, enables data caching temporarily in a designated local area using short-range communication technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth. This system needs no infrastructure network and servers. This caching capability and mechanisms are expected to enhance short-range communications as a time-offset communication in a physical world. For that reason, it is sure to accelerate new location-based communication services. This paper reports a developed middleware for a widespread embedded operating system, and a software development kit with an open application programming interface. This middleware is expected to spur third-party developers to produce widely various applications using this proposed platform. Some pseudo-code is provided. Procedures to use this platform are also explained using an implemented geolocation social game <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .
In Situ Electro‐Mechanical Experiments and Mechanics Modeling of Fracture in Indium Tin Oxide‐Based Multilayer Electrodes (2012)

Abstract Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) films are widely used as transparent electrodes in electronic displays and solar cells. However, the small fracture strain of brittle ITO films poses significant challenge to their applications in flexible electronics devices that often undergo large deformation. Inspired by recent development of inorganic/organic hybrid permeation barriers for flexible electronics, we design and fabricate ITO‐based multilayer electrodes with enhanced electro‐mechanical durability. In situ electro‐mechanical experiments of five structural designs of ITO‐based multilayer electrodes are performed to investigate the evolution of crack density and the corresponding variance of electrical resistance of such electrodes. A coherent mechanics model is established to determine the driving force for crack propagation in the ITO layer in these electrodes. The mechanics model suggests that a top protective polymeric coating above and an intermediate polymeric layer below the ITO layer can effectively enhance the mechanical durability of the ITO electrodes by reducing the crack driving force up to 10‐folds. The modeling results offer mechanistic understanding of the in situ experimental measurements of the critical fracture strains of the five types of ITO‐based multilayer electrodes. The findings in this work provide quantitative guidance for the material selection and structural optimization of ITO‐based multilayer transparent electrodes of high mechanical durability.
Selection between pareto-optimal outcomes in 2-person bargaining (1997)

Vogt B, Albers W. <em>Selection between pareto-optimal outcomes in 2-person bargaining</em>. Working Papers. Institute of Mathematical Economics. Vol 272. Bielefeld: Center for Mathematical Economics; 1997.
Life Span Study of SPF Fischer 344 Male Rats Fed AdLibitum or Restricted Diets: Longevity, Growth, Lean Body Mass and Disease (1982)

A life-span study was carried out on longevity, pathologic lesions, growth, lean body mass and selected aspects of muscle of barrier-maintained SPF Fischer 344 rats fed either ad libitum (Group A) or 60% of the ad libitum intake (Group R). Food restriction was as effective in prolonging the life of already long-lived SPF rats as previously shown for rats maintained in conventional facilities. Food restriction not only increased the mean length of life but also acted to extend life span since more than 60% of the Group R rats lived longer than the longest lived Group A rat. Renal lesions occurred at an earlier age in Group A rats than in Group R rats and progressed more rapidly. Death of most Group A rats was associated with severe renal lesions while few Group R rats showed such lesions at death. Food restriction was also found to delay or prevent interstitial cell tumors of the testes, bile duct hyperplasia, myocardial fibrosis and myocardial degeneration. Gastrocnemius muscle mass declined in advanced age and food restriction delayed this decline. Interestingly, however, lean body mass did not progressively decline with increasing age but rather decline occurred only after the onset of the terminal disease process.
An improved fuzzy neural network for permeability estimation from wireline logs in a petroleum reservoir (2002)

Reservoir permeability estimation from wireline logs is the most difficult task for petrophysicists. Many studies have shown that the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is the most promising tool to date, because of its ability to learn and generalise. This paper presents an improved fuzzy neural network (FNN) to solve the same problem. In the example presented, this model is stable with fast convergence and gives smaller error compared to BPNN and previous FNN methods.
The siderophore-mediated iron acquisition systems of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 and Vibrio anguillarum 775 are structurally and functionally related (2004)

The Acinetobacter baumannii type strain, ATCC 19606, secretes acinetobactin, a catechol siderophore highly related to the iron chelator anguibactin produced by the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum (Listonella anguillarum). This paper reports the initial characterization of the genes and gene products involved in the acinetobactin-mediated iron-acquisition process. Insertional mutagenesis resulted in the isolation of several derivatives whose ability to grow in medium containing the iron chelator 2,2'-dipyridyl was affected. One of the insertions disrupted a gene encoding a predicted outer-membrane protein, named BauA, highly similar to FatA, the receptor for ferric anguibactin. Immunological relatedness of BauA with FatA was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Another transposon insertion was mapped to a gene encoding a protein highly similar to FatD, the permease component of the anguibactin transport system. Further DNA sequencing and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that these A. baumannii 19606 genes are part of a polycistronic locus that contains the bauDCEBA ORFs. While the translation products of bauD, -C, -B and -A are highly related to the V. anguillarum FatDCBA iron-transport proteins, the product of bauE is related to the ATPase component of Gram-positive ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport systems. This entire locus is flanked by genes encoding predicted proteins related to AngU and AngN, V. anguillarum proteins required for the biosynthesis of anguibactin. These protein similarities, as well as the structural similarity of anguibactin and acinetobactin, suggested that these two siderophores could be utilized by both bacterial strains, a possibility that was confirmed by siderophore utilization bioassays. Taken together, these results demonstrate that these pathogens, which cause serious infections in unrelated hosts, express very similar siderophore-mediated iron-acquisition systems.
Substituent Effects in Acetal Hydrolysis (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituent Effects in Acetal HydrolysisThomas H. Fife and L. K. JaoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 5, 1492–1495Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01016a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1390Altmetric-Citations115LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (475 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Pre-processing for 3D echocardiography (2002)

3D-Echo provides more complete information about cardiac structures with respect to traditional 2D-Echo. A correct interpretation of 3D data is often made difficult by the high level of noise necessarily linked to the procedure of acquisition. Traditional filtering techniques do not enable either the noise to be eliminated or the edges to be maintained. It is therefore essential that processing is able to distinguish the noise from the edges of the various cardiac structures; this is possible by means of the filtering technique based on 3D multiscale anisotropic diffusion. Since in echocardiography the time sequence of the frames provides clinically significant information, the filtering technique has been extended to 3D+time to process sequences of 3D data.
MicroRNA Expression Signatures during Malignant Progression from Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma (2013)

Barrett's esophagus is the precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma, whose progression follows sequential stages. However, the low progression rate and the inadequacy and subjective interpretation of histologic grading in predicting Barrett's esophagus progression call for more objective biomarkers that can improve risk prediction. We conducted a genome-wide profiling of 754 human microRNAs (miRNA) in 35 normal epithelium, 34 Barrett's esophagus, and 36 esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues using TaqMan real-time PCR-based profiling. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using 294 modestly to highly expressed miRNAs showed clear clustering of two groups: normal epithelium versus Barrett's esophagus/esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues. Moreover, there was an excellent clustering of Barrett's metaplasia (without dysplasia) tissues from normal epithelium tissues. However, Barrett's esophagus tissues of different stages and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues were interspersed. There were differentially expressed miRNAs at different stages. The majority of miRNA aberrations involved upregulation of expression in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues, with the most dramatic alterations occurring at the Barrett's metaplasia stage. Known oncomiRs, such as miR-21, miR-25, and miR-223, and tumor suppressor miRNAs, including miR-205, miR-203, let-7c, and miR-133a, showed progressively altered expression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma. We also identified a number of novel miRNAs that showed progressively altered expression, including miR-301b, miR-618, and miR-23b. The significant miRNA alterations that were exclusive to esophageal adenocarcinoma but not Barrett's esophagus included miR-375 downregulation and upregulation of five members of the miR-17-92 and its homologue clusters, which may become promising biomarkers for esophageal adenocarcinoma development.
Interoperable wireless data (1993)

Data services offered over cellular networks are described. The limitations of data transmission over analog cellular networks and the main challenges to be met in defining a standard for effective data transmission over digital cellular channels, devoting particular attention to North American developments, are discussed. Some of the technical characteristics of the analog and time-division multiaccess (TDMA) digital cellular systems in North America are compared, including interfaces, internetworking functions, home and visitor location registers, layering of protocols, initiation of data service, and timing and synchronization.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pairing and anti-pairing: a balancing act in the diploid genome (2016)

The presence of maternal and paternal homologs appears to be much more than just a doubling of genetic material. We know this because genomes have evolved elaborate mechanisms that permit homologous regions to sense and then respond to each other. One way in which homologs communicate is to come into contact and, in fact, Dipteran insects such as Drosophila excel at this task, aligning all pairs of maternal and paternal chromosomes, end-to-end, in essentially all somatic tissues throughout development. Here, we reexamine the widely held tenet that extensive somatic pairing of homologous sequences cannot occur in mammals and suggest, instead, that pairing may be a widespread and significant potential that has gone unnoticed in mammals because they expend considerable effort to prevent it. We then extend this discussion to interchromosomal interactions, in general, and speculate about the potential of nuclear organization and pairing to impact inheritance.
Lawful interception on session border controller using SIP (2008)

With the convergence of Voice networks into IP world, VoIP has emerged as a cheap and easy-to-implement solution. Law Enforcement Agency (LEA) is any loca/national/international law agency monitoring unlawful activities. Lawful Interception (LI) is the term used to describe the technology and process of Intercepting communication lines, which could be either in the Circuit Network or the Packet Network for the purpose of providing Intercept Related Information (IRI) and Content of Communication (CC) to the LEAs. In the Packet domain the most convenient point in the network where Voice packets can be reliably monitored is the Service Provider's (SP)network elements and possibly the Session Border Controllers (SBC). 3GPP standard recommends implementation architecture and suggestions for LI on VoIP networks. This paper discusses challenges faced by SP and LEAs to implement LI. It proposes the use of SIP protocol for the external interfaces from the SBC towards the LEA. In addition, it also proposes a solution to reduce the overheads faced by LEAs and SPs.
Preferential stimulation of human lymphocytes by oligodeoxynucleotides that copy DNA CpG motifs present in virulent genes of group A streptococci (2000)

Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing CpG dinucleotides have been shown to stimulate murine and human lymphocytes. We investigated the presence of stimulatory DNA motifs in specific group A streptococcal (GAS) genes to elucidate the potential role of DNA in the immunopathogenesis of GAS infections. Despite low GC content in GAS DNA, the emm1 gene encoding the streptococcal M1 protein contained a relatively high frequency of TTCG(T/C), TCGTCG and (G/A)TCGT motifs that preferentially stimulated human lymphocytes. Interestingly, these motifs were also found in genes encoding M-like proteins of group C and G streptococci. ODN copying the emm1 gene sequences harboring these motifs induced the proliferation of human B cells and up-regulated the expression of CD25 on their surface. T cells were not required for the response to the ODN, indicating a direct effect of these motifs on B lymphocytes. Inter-individual variations in responsiveness to ODN were observed, suggesting that host factors potentiate these responses. The finding that GAS DNA contains stimulatory motifs that induce activation of human B cells in a T cell-independent manner suggests that this may be an important mechanism by which the bacteria can target the innate arm of the immune system in the early stages of invasive infections.
Chimeric mice carrying 'regional' targeted deletion of the angiotensin type 1A receptor gene. Evidence against the role for local angiotensin in the in vivo feedback regulation of renin synthesis in juxtaglomerular cells. (1996)

We have developed chimeric mice carrying 'regional' null mutation of the angiotensin type 1A (AT1A) receptor, the AT1 receptor subtype exclusively present in mouse juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. The chimeric mouse (Agtr1a -/- <--> +/+) is made up of wild-type (Agtr1a +/+) cells or cells homozygous for Agtr1a deletion (Agtr1a -/-). In the latter, the AT1A coding exon was replaced with a reporter gene, lacZ. In Agtr1a -/- <--> +/+ mice, these two clones of cells are found to be clustered and display patchy distributions in the kidney and heart. Tracking of lacZ activities in hetero- (Agtr1a +/-) and homozygous (Agtr1a -/-) deletion mutant offspring from Agtr1a -/- <--> +/+ mice revealed that the promoter activity of Agtr1a is localized in JG cells, afferent arteriolar walls, glomerular mesangial region and endothelial cells, and apical and basolateral proximal tubule membranes. The JG apparatuses of Agtr1a -/- mice are markedly enlarged with intense expression of renin mRNA and protein. In Agtr1a -/- <--> +/+ mice, these changes were proportional to the degree of chimerism. Within a given Agtr1a -/- <--> +/+ mouse, however, the degree of JG hypertrophy/hyperplasia and the expression of renin mRNA and protein were identical between Agtr1a +/+ and Agtr1a -/- cells. Thus, in the in vivo condition tested, the local interaction between angiotensin and the AT1 receptor on the JG cells has little functional contribution to the feedback regulation of JG renin synthesis.
Intracellular Induction of the <i>Bartonella henselae virB</i> Operon by Human Endothelial Cells (2001)

ABSTRACT One of the more recently identified bacterial exportation systems is the type IV secretion mechanism, which is characterized by a multiprotein complex that spans the inner and outer bacterial membranes and contains a pilin component. The most thoroughly studied type IV secretion system is encoded by the virB operon of Agrobacterium tumefaciens . In Bartonella henselae, 8 of the 10 virB operon genes share extensive homology and arrangement with the virB operon of A. tumefaciens . Sequencing of the region upstream of the B. henselae virB2 gene revealed a region with sequence homology to the vir box of A. tumefaciens. This possible promoter region was cloned upstream of the green fluorescent protein reporter gene in the promoterless vector pANT3 and used to transform B. henselae. Minimal reporter gene expression was seen in the transformed bacteria cultivated in the absence of host cells, but expression was strongly induced in intracellular bacteria cultivated with human microvascular endothelial cells. Deletion of an 87-bp fragment, which contained the putative vir box from the 5′ end of the promoter region, diminished intracellular induction of the reporter gene. Host cell induction of the 17-kDa antigen gene, which replaces virB5 in B. henselae , was also demonstrated at the protein level using specific antiserum. Thus, expression of the virB genes of B. henselae is induced in bacteria, which have invaded host cells, through a mechanism that may be similar to the environment-sensing mechanism found in the virB operon of A. tumefaciens .
Influence of Cu content on electronic transport and shunting behavior of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells (2006)

The paper presents the structural and electrical characterizations of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films and thin-film solar cells realized with different Cu contents in the absorber material. It is shown that the bulk resistivity of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films (measured in coplanar geometry) dramatically increases with decreasing Cu content. Simultaneously, the shunt resistance Rp of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells increases with decreasing Cu content in the absorber material. For a wide range of Cu contents, the resistivity of the thin films is directly proportional to Rp of the solar cell made from the same absorber material. We propose that Rp in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells originates from highly localized shunt regions in the absorber material. The higher Rp of cells made from Cu-poor material is then due to the high resistivity of the embedding Cu-poor material resistively suppressing extensive current flow towards these shunt regions. Further, we observe an increase of the film resistivity by two orders of magnitude if the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers are produced using a Na blocking layer on the glass substrate. However, the high resistivity of these Na-free samples does not go along with an increase of Rp in the corresponding solar cells, indicating that the high resistivity of Na-free Cu(In,Ga)Se2 results from electrostatic barriers at the grain boundaries and is not a bulk property.
Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Tumour Anti-Angiogenic Strategies (2010)

Tumour angiogenesis, described by Folkman in the early seventies, is an essential, complex, and dynamic process necessary for the growth of all solid tumours. Among the angiogenic factors secreted by the tumour cells, the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is one of the most important. Most types of human cancer cells express elevated levels of this proangiogenic factor and its receptors. New molecules, called anti-angiogenic, are developed to impair VEGF pathway and tumour vasculature. Despite important results, the clinical benefits of anti-VEGF therapy are relatively modest and usually measured in weeks or months. Why following anti-angiogenic therapy do some patients respond transiently and then why does tumour grow again and disease progress and which compensatory mechanisms could explain the anti-angiogenic treatment failure?