gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequential FRET Processes in Calix[4]arene-Linked Orange-Red-Green Perylene Bisimide Dye Zigzag Arrays (2008)

Perylene bisimide−calix[4]arene arrays composed of up to three different types of perylene bisimide chromophores (orange, red, and green PBIs) have been synthesized. Within these arrays, the individual chromophoric building blocks are positioned in defined spatial orientation and are easily replaceable by each other without influencing the overall geometric arrangement of the supramolecular system. The specific optical properties of the individual chromophore facilitated the investigation of photoinduced processes very accurately by time-resolved emission and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. A quantitative analysis of the photophysical processes as well as their rate constants have been obtained by employing UV/vis absorption, steady state and time-resolved emission, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and spectrotemporal analysis of the femtosecond transient absorption data. These studies reveal very efficient energy transfer processes from the orange to the red PBI chromophoric unit (kET = 6.4 × 1011 s-1 for array or), from the red to the green PBI (kET = 4.0 × 1011s-1 for array rg), and slightly less efficient from the orange to the green PBI (kET = 1.5 × 1011s-1 for array og) within these perylene bisimide−calix[4]arene arrays. The experimentally obtained rate constants for the energy transfer processes are in very good agreement with those calculated according to the Förster theory.
Renal artery stenosis: in vivo perfusion MR imaging. (1991)

The intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model of perfusion and diffusion imaging was applied to an in vivo canine model of unilateral renal artery stenosis and was compared with relative renal blood flow determination with radioactive microspheres. The percentage relative renal blood flow as determined with radioactive microspheres correlated closely with the percentage apparent diffusion coefficient. If this method can be adapted to human imaging, it may provide a noninvasive means for detecting renal artery stenosis.
Single-Cell Storm (2006)

Scientists at Advanced Cell Technology, a California company, reported in August that a single cell taken from an eight-cell human embryo can sometimes be coaxed to produce embryonic stem cells, suggesting that such “biopsies” might be a way to generate new stem-cell lines while preserving embryos.The report, published online by the journal Nature, 1 stirred up considerable controversy, in part because both the journal's initial press release and a podcast interview with senior author Robert Lanza gave the impression that two new lines had been created without destroying any embryos. “What we have done, for the first time, is to . . .
Toxicity, Synergism, and Antagonism in Anaerobic Waste Treatment Processes (1971)

Antagonism, synergism, and complexing reactions must be considered in reporting data on toxicity and stimulation in anaerobic waste treatment systems. Low concentrations (< 1 mg/liter) of all heavy metals except iron are extremely toxic, but higher concentrations can be tolerated if sufficient sulfide is present to act as a precipitant. Short chain volatile acids up to 6000 mg/liter have no adverse effect on methane formers. While pH control with alkaline substances can prevent catastrophic failure during digestion, the fundamental cause of imbalance must be corrected for a permanent cure. Light metal cations offer the most difficulty in designing and operating these systems because they can occur in both toxic and stimulatory ranges. An initial attempt to categorize quantitatively toxicity, stimulation, etc. on an absolute basis is presented.
Neurological injury after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use to aid pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (2009)

Neurologic injury is a frequent complication in children undergoing E-CPR. Children with cardiac disease, less severe metabolic acidosis before ECMO, and an uncomplicated ECMO course have decreased odds of sustaining neurologic injury. Providing effective CPR and inclusion of brain protective therapies on ECMO should be considered in the future to improve neurologic outcomes for patients undergoing E-CPR.
How common are gastrointestinal disorders in children with autism? (2003)

We could identify no report that describes the prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in a representative group of children with a diagnosis of autism compared with appropriate controls. Thus, we found no evidence upon which to base a confident conclusion as to whether gastrointestinal symptoms are more common in children with than without autism. However, the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms observed in population-based samples of autistic children indicate that gastrointestinal problems are not nearly as common in children with autism as reports from pediatric gastroenterology clinics suggest.
Searching gene and protein sequence databases. (1991)

A large-scale effort to map and sequence the human genome is now under way. Crucial to the success of this research is a group of computer programs that analyze and compare data on molecular sequences. This article describes the classic algorithms for similarity searching and sequence alignment. Because good performance of these algorithms is critical to searching very large and growing databases, we analyze the running times of the algorithms and discuss recent improvements in this area.
Signals, systems, and transforms (1991)

(NOTE: Each chapter begins with an Introduction and ends with a Summary and Problems). 1. Overview of Signals and Systems. Signals. Systems. 2. Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Signals. PART A Continuous-Time Signals. Basic Continuous -Time Signals. Modification of the Variable t. Continuous-Time Convolution. PART B Discrete-Time Signals. Basic Discrete-Time Signals. Modification of the Variable n. Discrete-Time Convolution. 3. Linear Time-Invariant Systems. PART A Continuous-Time Systems. System Attributes. Continuous-Time LTI Systems. Properties of LTI Systems. Differential Equations and Their Implementation. PART B Discrete-Time Systems. System Attributes. Discrete-Time LTI Systems. Properties of LTI Systems. Difference Equations and the Their Implementation. 4. Fourier Analysis for Continuous-Time Signals. The Eigenfunctions of Continuous-Time LTI Systems. Periodic Signals and the Fourier Series. The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform. Properties and Applications of the Fourier Transform. APPLICATION 4.1 Amplitude Modulation. APPLICATION 4.2 Sampling. 5.Frequency Response of LTI Systems. APPLICATION 4.3 Filtering. 5. The Laplace Transform. The Region of Convergence. The Inverse Laplace Transform. Properties of the Laplace Transform. The System Function for LTI Systems. Differential Equations. APPLICATION 5.1 Butterworth Filters. Structures for Continuous-Time Filters. Appendix 5A The Unilateral Laplace Transform. Appendix 5B Partial-Fraction Expansion for Multiple Poles. 6. The z Transform. The Eigenfunctions of Discrete-Time LTI Systems. The Region of Convergence. The Inverse z Transform. Properties of the z Transform. The System Function to LTI Systems. Difference Equations. APPLICATION 6.1 Second-Order IIR Filters. APPLICATION 6.2 Linear-Phase FIR Filters. Structures for Discrete-Time Filters. APPENDIX 6A The Unilateral z Transform. APPENDIX 6B Partial-Fraction Expansion for Multiple Poles. 7. Fourier Analysis for Discrete-Time Signals. The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform. 2.Properties of the DTFT. APPLICATION 7.1 Windowing. 3.Sampling. 4.Filter Design by Transformation. 5.The Discrete Fourier Transform/Series. APPLICATION 7.2 FFT Algorithm. 8. State Variables. Discrete-Time Systems. Continuous-Time Systems. Operational-Amplifier Networks. Bibliography. Index.
Nitrosation-modulating effect of ascorbate in a model dynamic system of coexisting nitric oxide and superoxide (2010)

The coexistence of nitric oxide and superoxide leads to complex oxidative and nitrosative chemistry, which has been implicated in many pathophysiological conditions. The present study investigated the role of ascorbate in affecting the kinetics of nitrosative chemistry in a model dynamic snystem of coexisting nitric oxide and superoxide. SIN-1 (3-morpholinosydnonimine) was used to elicit various degrees of nitroxidative stress in a reaction buffer and DAN (2,3-diaminonaphthalene) was used as a probe for N-nitrosation reaction. The nitrosation kinetics in the absence and presence of ascorbate was followed by measuring the formation of the fluorescent product over time. Computational modelling was used to provide quantitative or semi-quantitative insights into the studied system. The results show that ascorbate effectively quenches N-nitrosation reaction, which could be partially attributed to the free radical scavenging and repairing effect of ascorbate. Computational modelling reveals an interesting temporal distribution of superoxide, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. The model predicts that peroxynitrite is the most predominant species in the SIN-1 system. Furthermore, ascorbate might alter the system dynamics by removing superoxide and, thereby, increasing the availability of nitric oxide.
Hardware-assisted fine-grained control-flow integrity: Towards efficient protection of embedded systems against software exploitation (2014)

Embedded systems have become pervasive and are built into a vast number of devices such as sensors, vehicles, mobile and wearable devices. However, due to resource constraints, they fail to provide sufficient security, and are particularly vulnerable to runtime attacks (code injection and ROP). Previous works have proposed the enforcement of control-flow integrity (CFI) as a general defense against runtime attacks. However, existing solutions either suffer from performance overhead or only enforce coarse-grain CFI policies that a sophisticated adversary can undermine. In this paper, we tackle these limitations and present the design of novel security hardware mechanisms to enable fine-grained CFI checks. Our CFI proposal is based on a state model and a per-function CFI label approach. In particular, our CFI policies ensure that function returns can only transfer control to active call sides (i.e, return landing pads of functions currently executing). Further, we restrict indirect calls to target the beginning of a function, and lastly, deploy behavioral heuristics for indirect jumps.
Stabilities of trivalent metal complexes of phenolic ligands related to N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStabilities of trivalent metal complexes of phenolic ligands related to N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED)Ramunas J. Motekaitis, Arthur E. Martell, and Michael J. WelchCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 8, 1463–1467Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00333a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00333a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views448Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
In vivo imaging of Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Escherichia coli expressing infrared fluorescent protein in mice (2015)

The present work provides a methodological basis for future studies of probiotic and theranostic actions of LAB in mouse disease models.
Neurogenesis and cell cycle‐reactivated neuronal death during pathogenic tau aggregation (2008)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between neurogenesis, cell cycle reactivation and neuronal death during tau pathology in a novel tau transgenic mouse line THY-Tau22 with two frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome-17 mutations in a human tau isoform. This mouse displays all Alzheimer disease features of neurodegeneration and a broad timely resolution of tau pathology with hyperphosphorylation of tau at younger age (up to 6 months) and abnormal tau phosphorylation and tau aggregation in aged mice (by 10 months). Here, we present a follow-up of cell cycle markers with aging in control and transgenic mice from different ages. We show that there is an increased neurogenesis during tau hyperphosphorylation and cell cycle events during abnormal tau phosphorylation and tau aggregation preceding neuronal death and neurodegeneration. However, besides phosphorylation, other mechanisms including tau mutations and changes in tau expression and/or splicing may be also involved in these mechanisms of cell cycle reactivation. Altogether, these data suggest that cell cycle events in THY-Tau22 are resulting from neurogenesis in young animals and cell death in older ones. It suggests that neuronal cell death in such models is much more complex than believed.
Design and Mounting of Prisms and Small Mirrors in Optical Instruments (1998)

Attributes of the successful optic-to-mount interface prism design prism mounting techniques estimation of contact stresses in prisms small mirror design small mirror mounting techniques estimation of contact stresses in small mirrors descriptions of hardware examples. Appendices: pertinent unit conversion factors vibration in typical military and aerospace environments selected mechanical properties of materials.
Damage Analysis of Circular-Section Concrete Pile under Pressure and Bending Load (2008)

Lemaitre damage principle is used to analyze the damage of circular cross-section concrete pile under pressure and bending load in civil engineering and to deduce dimensionless axial force and bending moment expressions.Moment rules under corresponding failure strains are calculated and the relationships between neutral axis' dimensionless displacements and different failure strains are also calculated.The results can be used as references when calculating circular-section concrete pile's bending bearing capacity in actual projects.
The importance of catastrophe (2002)

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Catastrophes allow beads to roam around artificial chambers.

Dogterom/NASFor microtubule asters, just as with life in general, sometimes you get stuck in a corner. And, say Cendrine Faivre-Moskalenko and Marileen Dogterom (FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics
Protein-RNA interactions in the active center of transcription elongation complex. (1996)

By using a crosslinkable probe incorporated into the 3' terminus of nascent transcript, three sites were mapped in Escherichia coli RNA polymerase that are contacted by the RNA in the productive elongation complex. Two of these sites are in the beta subunit and one is in the beta' subunit. During elongation, the transcription complex occasionally undergoes an arrest whereby it can neither extend nor release the RNA transcript. It is demonstrated that in an arrested complex, the three contacts of RNA 3' terminus are lost, while a new beta' subunit contact becomes prominent. Thus, elongation arrest appears to involve the disengagement of the bulk of the active center from the 3' terminus of RNA and the transfer of the terminus into a new protein environment.
Post Synthesis of Aluminum Modified Mesoporous TUD-1 Materials and Their Application for FCC Diesel Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts (2017)

Post-synthesis methods are a promising technology and have received much attention. In this paper, a series of post-synthesis aluminum modified TUD-1 (PAT) materials with different Al contents were successfully prepared by using aluminum isopropoxide to be Al sources, then the as-synthesized materials were adopted as support additives mixed with commercial γ-Al2O3 to prepare hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts for FCC diesel. The supports and catalysts were analyzed using N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, Py-IR, ICP, 27Al MAS NMR, UV-vis, H2-TPR and HRTEM techniques. The results of Py-IR and 27Al MAS NMR indicated that the addition of Al species could bring Lewis (L) and Brönsted (B) sites into Si-TUD-1, and that the material of PAT-3 had the highest total acidity sites and Brönsted acid sites among the series PAT composites. The HRTEM technique showed that, compared to the traditional catalyst NiMo/γ-Al2O3, the sulfided catalyst NiMo/APAT-3 had a relatively short length (3.2 nm) and suitable stacking number (2.5) of MoS2 slabs. The HDS efficiencies of all the catalysts were tested in a fixed bed micro-reactor with FCC diesel as feedstock. The catalytic results confirmed that the catalyst NiMo/APAT-3 possessed the highest HDS efficiency (97.0%), due to synergistic effects of advantageous properties such as higher acidity, moderate MSI, and relatively short length of the MoS2 slabs.
Honor Among Thieves (1959)

Buck knelt in the dust and sliced a carrot into a half-gallon can. He held the carrot with the stump of his left arm and his thighs as he deftly cut the slices with a worn picket knife...
Wide-tuning range Si bipolar VCOs based on three-dimensional MMIC technology (1997)

The first completely integrated silicon (Si) bipolar junction transistor (BJT) voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), based on three-dimensional (3-D) monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) technology are presented in this paper. The 3-D MMIC technology offers the use of reactive matching in circuit design as well as GaAs MMIC construction and expands the operation frequency of Si MMICs. Two types of VCO MMICs using 0.5-/spl mu/m Si BJTs are presented and demonstrated. Both exhibit a very wide frequency tuning range in the 5- and 6-GHz bands. The former offers the frequency tuning range of 33% using the base-emitter conductance operation of the BJT, which works like a varistor with a large ratio. Furthermore, the oscillation frequency is remarkably linear against the controlled base bias. To confirm the wide-tuning ability of the proposed VCO at higher frequencies, a 7-GHz-band VCO is fabricated on the same Si masterslice array used for the 5-GHz-band VCO. It achieves a 28% tuning range from 5.53 to 7.09 GHz at the collector bias of 2 V. The latter, whose frequency is controlled by a varactor diode, also offers a wide tuning range from 5.15 to 6.75 GHz. The phase noise achieved ranges from -95 dBc/Hz to -117 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency over the tuning range of 1.6 GHz (best phase noise performance is -90.5 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz). Measured results show that 3-D MMIC Si VCO's can he developed that yield frequencies above 7 GHz.
Effects of Estrogen on the Vascular Injury Response in Estrogen Receptor α,β (Double) Knockout Mice (2001)

The two known estrogen receptors, ERalpha and ERbeta, mediate the effects of estrogen in all target tissues, including blood vessels. We have shown previously that estrogen inhibits vascular injury response to the same extent in female wild-type (WT), ERalpha knockout (ERalphaKO(CH)), and ERbeta knockout (ERbetaKO(CH)) mice. We generated mice harboring disruptions of both ERalpha and ERbeta genes (ERalpha,betaKO(CH)) by breeding and studied the effect of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on vascular injury responses in ovariectomized female ERalpha,betaKO(CH) mice and WT littermates. E2 inhibited increases in vascular medial area following injury in the WT mice but not in the ERalpha,betaKO(CH) mice, demonstrating for the first time that the two known estrogen receptors are necessary and sufficient to mediate estrogen inhibition of a component of the vascular injury response. Surprisingly, as in WT littermates, E2 still significantly increased uterine weight and inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation following injury in the ERalpha,betaKO(CH) mice. These data support that the role of estrogen receptors differs for specific components of the vascular injury response in the ERalpha,betaKO(CH) mice. The results leave unresolved whether E2 inhibition of VSMC proliferation in ERalpha,betaKO(CH) mice is caused by a receptor-independent mechanism, an unidentified receptor responsive to estrogen, or residual activity of the ERalpha splice variant reported previously in the parental ERalphaKO(CH) mice. These possibilities may be resolved by studies of mice in which ERalpha has been fully disrupted (ERalphaKO(St)), which are in progress.
A Rev-Independent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Based Vector That Exploits a Codon-Optimized HIV-1 <i>gag-pol</i> Gene (2000)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome is AU rich, and this imparts a codon bias that is quite different from the one used by human genes. The codon usage is particularly marked for the gag, pol, and env genes. Interestingly, the expression of these genes is dependent on the presence of the Rev/Rev-responsive element (RRE) regulatory system, even in contexts other than the HIV genome. The Rev dependency has been explained in part by the presence of RNA instability sequences residing in these coding regions. The requirement for Rev also places a limitation on the development of HIV-based vectors, because of the requirement to provide an accessory factor. We have now synthesized a complete codon-optimized HIV-1 gag-pol gene. We show that expression levels are high and that expression is Rev independent. This effect is due to an increase in the amount of gag-pol mRNA. Provision of the RRE in cis did not lower protein or RNA levels or stimulate a Rev response. Furthermore we have used this synthetic gag-pol gene to produce HIV vectors that now lack all of the accessory proteins. These vectors should now be safer than murine leukemia virus-based vectors.