gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ectopic expression of a tomato 9‐<i>cis</i>‐epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene causes over‐production of abscisic acid (2000)

The tomato mutant notabilis has a wilty phenotype as a result of abscisic acid (ABA) deficiency. The wild-type allele of notabilis, LeNCED1, encodes a putative 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) with a potential regulatory role in ABA biosynthesis. We have created transgenic tobacco plants in which expression of the LeNCED1 coding region is under tetracycline-inducible control. When leaf explants from these plants were treated with tetracycline, NCED mRNA was induced and bulk leaf ABA content increased by up to 10-fold. Transgenic tomato plants were also produced containing the LeNCED1 coding region under the control of one of two strong constitutive promoters, either the doubly enhanced CaMV 35S promoter or the chimaeric 'Super-Promoter'. Many of these plants were wilty, suggesting co-suppression of endogenous gene activity; however three transformants displayed a common, heritable phenotype that could be due to enhanced ABA biosynthesis, showing increased guttation and seed dormancy. Progeny from two of these transformants were further characterized, and it was shown that they also exhibited reduced stomatal conductance, increased NCED mRNA and elevated seed ABA content. Progeny of one transformant had significantly higher bulk leaf ABA content compared to the wild type. The increased seed dormancy was reversed by addition of the carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor norflurazon. These data provide strong evidence that NCED is indeed a key regulatory enzyme in ABA biosynthesis in leaves, and demonstrate for the first time that plant ABA content can be increased through manipulating NCED.
Performance and anti‐wear mechanism of Cu nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives (2009)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological performance and anti‐wear mechanism of Cu nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives. Design/methodology/approach An end‐face wear testing apparatus is used to measure the tribological properties of Cu nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives and using a commercial SJ 15W/40 gasoline engine oil for comparison. Electrical contact resistance (ECR) is measured on a universal nano and micro tester‐2 tribometer to detect the formation of tribo‐film generated by Cu nanoparticulate additive. The worn steel surfaces are investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectra (EDS) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Findings The results show that Cu nanoparticles used as an oil additive can improve the anti‐wear and friction‐reduction performance of SJ 15W/40 gasoline engine oil remarkably. The results of SEM, EDS and XPS show that a deposit film containing metallic copper can form on the worn surface, which has a film thickness of about 120 nm. Originality/value This investigation establishes a baseline of Cu nanoparticles used as lubricating oil additives under face‐to‐face contact work conditions. Thus, the results are reliable and can be very useful for further applications of Cu nanoparticle additives in industry.
Cell Type-Specific Regulation of ITAM-Mediated NF-κB Activation by the Adaptors, CARMA1 and CARD9 (2008)

Activating NK cell receptors transduce signals through ITAM-containing adaptors, including FcRgamma and DAP12. Although the caspase recruitment domain (CARD)9-Bcl10 complex is essential for FcRgamma/DAP12-mediated NF-kappaB activation in myeloid cells, its involvement in NK cell receptor signaling is unknown. Herein we show that the deficiency of CARMA1 or Bcl10, but not CARD9, resulted in severe impairment of cytokine/chemokine production mediated by activating NK cell receptors due to a selective defect in NF-kappaB activation, whereas cytotoxicity mediated by the same receptors did not require CARMA1-Bcl10-mediated signaling. IkappaB kinase (IKK) activation by direct protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation with PMA plus ionomycin (P/I) was abrogated in CARMA1-deficient NK cells, similar to T and B lymphocytes, whereas CARD9-deficient dendritic cells (DCs) exhibited normal P/I-induced IKK activation. Surprisingly, CARMA1 deficiency also abrogated P/I-induced IKK activation in DCs, indicating that CARMA1 is essential for PKC-mediated NF-kappaB activation in all cell types, although the PKC-CARMA1 axis is not used downstream of myeloid ITAM receptors. Consistently, PKC inhibition abrogated ITAM receptor-mediated activation only in NK cells but not in DCs, suggesting PKC-CARMA1-independent, CARD9-dependent ITAM receptor signaling in myeloid cells. Conversely, the overexpression of CARD9 in CARMA1-deficient cells failed to restore the PKC-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Thus, NF-kappaB activation signaling through ITAM receptors is regulated by a cell type-specific mechanism depending on the usage of adaptors CARMA1 and CARD9, which determines the PKC dependence of the signaling.
CAPAC: AN EXAMPLE OF A MULTI-STUDY (1969)

CAPAC: AN EXAMPLE OF A MULTI-STUDY Get access Richard Maisel Richard Maisel Chairman New York University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 33, Issue 3, FALL 1969, Pages 453–457, https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/33.3.453 Published: 01 January 1969
Higher plant responses to environmental nitrate (1991)

Nitrate is the most common N source used by higher plants and is the ‘substrate inducer’ of nitrate and nitrite reductase activities. However, environmental nitrate also has other effects on higher plants, which include the induction of a high affinity nitrate transport system. changes in root morphology, and increased root respiration. Nitrate induces nitrate and nitrite reductase activities by altering gene expression, mainly by enhancing transcription of the respective genes. We have begun to view these responses of higher plant tissues to environmental nitrate in the context of a model for signal transduction. In our model, nitrate is a signal for developmental changes in the physiology of the plant, which are expressed in a hierarchy. The primary responses include induction of genes for nitrate and nitrite reductases, nitrate uptake and translocation systems, and DNA regulatory proteins required for expression of the secondary response gene systems. The secondary responses include more complex phenomena such as proliferation of the root system, enhancement of respiration and other changes in the physiology of the plant.
Organic-inorganic hybrid electrolytes for thin film metal oxide electrochromic coatings (2005)

Sol-gel derived lithium salt (LiClO4) doped organic-inorganic hybrid electrolytes have been obtained from the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), propylene oxide (PO), ethyl acetoacetate (EAA), propylene carbonate (PC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) precursors and have been investigated for morphology and structural properties by SEM/EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. The hybrid materials obtained were amorphous, with structural properties influenced by organic ingredients which had been used, and with the ionic conductivities of 10–4–10–3 Scm–1. When used as electrolytes in the WO3 based thin-film electrochromic coatings, they have proved to be suitable for low-temperature electrochemical applications.
Ferroelectric PbTiO3 nanotube arrays synthesized by hydrothermal method (2008)

Lead titanate nanotube arrays with perfect nanotubular structure and excellent piezoelectric property were formed by hydrothermal method. The nanotubular structure proved to have strong influences on both Curie temperature and piezoelectric properties of PbTiO3 nanotube arrays. The Curie temperature of PbTiO3 nanotube arrays was detected to be 620°C. Perfect piezoelectric properties with a maximum displacement of 0.88nm and d33* of 120pmV−1 were observed in PbTiO3 nanotube arrays.
Using MPI file caching to improve parallel write performance for large-scale scientific applications (2007)

Typical large-scale scientific applications periodically write checkpoint files to save the computational state throughout execution. Existing parallel file systems improve such write-only I/O patterns through the use of client-side file caching and write-behind strategies. In distributed environments where files are rarely accessed by more than one client concurrently, file caching has achieved significant success; however, in parallel applications where multiple clients manipulate a shared file, cache coherence control can serialize I/O. We have designed a thread based caching layer for the MPI I/O library, which adds a portable caching system closer to user applications so more information about the application's I/O patterns is available for better coherence control. We demonstrate the impact of our caching solution on parallel write performance with a comprehensive evaluation that includes a set of widely used I/O benchmarks and production application I/O kernels.
Inhibition of cell-cell interactions in Myxococcus xanthus by congo red (1988)

The function of molecules associated with the cell surface may be determined by examining the phenotype of cells treated with inhibitors specific to these cell surface molecules. This strategy was used to examine the function of the major Congo red receptor of the myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus, which has a developmental cycle that involves social interactions among cells. A class of social motility mutations (A+ S-), known as dsp, may inhibit the same subcellular component as Congo red because the phenotype of wild-type cells which had been treated with Congo red resembled in several ways the phenotype of the Dsp mutants. First, Congo red inhibited agglutination of wild-type cells, whereas Dsp cells were incapable of agglutinating, even in the absence of Congo red. Second, Congo red inhibited fruiting body formation by wild-type cells and reduced the yield of myxospores. Untreated Dsp cells were unable to form fruiting bodies and produced few myxospores. Third, Congo red reduced the rate of wild-type gliding motility to a level comparable to that of untreated Dsp cells, but did not inhibit the A motility of Dsp cells. Finally, binding studies showed that Dsp cells lacked the major Congo red receptor. Wild-type cells bound Congo red with an apparent association constant of 2.4 X 10(5) M-1, while Dsp cells bound it with an apparent association constant of 8.5 X 10(3) M-1. Binding of Congo red to wild-type cells was saturated in less than 10 min and was reversible when excess Congo red was removed. These results suggest that the Congo red receptors are controlled by the S motility system and that these receptors are involved in cell cohesion, social motility, and fruiting body formation.
Una visión iconológica de la obra de Francisco Peinado. (1995)

Teniendo como base la evolucin estilstica
In Situ Resolution and Overlay Measurement on a Stepper (1986)

A direct means of observing both the location and the shape of the aerial image of a microlithographic stepper lens is described. Sub-micron resist structures, doped with a fluorescent dye, are swept through the aerial image as fluorescence is monitored. The resolution of this technique is not limited by optical wavelengths, but rather depends on the width of the fluorescent resist structures. Data are reported on the resolution and overlay error of a 5X reduction stepper. 60 hertz vibrational motions of the projected image with respect to the wafer were observed with peak to peak amplitudes as large as 0.3 microns.
Civil liberties and sex offender notification laws (2001)

Extract: Laws specifying that individuals, groups and communities should be notified when sex offenders are living in their areas are now widespread in the USA. Indeed, forty-five American states have enacted community notification legislation, with even more states having laws that require released sex offenders to register with the local police. There is now considerable public debate and pressure to introduce such laws into Australia. The purpose of this article is to examine these notification laws and to evaluate their effectiveness. The article then discusses some of the direct and indirect consequences of notification laws, particularly as they relate to human rights issues.
Noncanonical Synthetic RNAi Inducers (2016)

This review focuses on current strategies of development of noncanonical synthetic RNA interference (RNAi) inducers with structural modifications for promoting better gene silencing with low risk of side effects. A particular focus is on longer RNA duplexes 25–30 nucleotides (nt) in length that mimic Dicer substrates to improve interaction of RNAi inducers with RNAi machinery. Various design strategies of efficient Dicer substrate small-interfering RNA (siRNA) are described. It was found that the length, chemical modifications, and overhang structure influence the gene silencing activity and RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) assembly. Special attention is paid to the long double-stranded RNA duplexes that induce effective gene silencing in Dicer-dependent or Dicer-independent mode. Some structural variants of shorter siRNAs, including hairpin and dumbbell siRNAs and fork-siRNA (fsiRNA) with several nucleotide substitutions at the 3′ end of the sense strand, are also analyzed. These structural modifications provide efficiently increased gene silencing of targets with unfavorable duplex thermodynamic asymmetry. Recent data remove the length and structure limits for the design of RNAi effectors, and add another example in the list of novel RNAi-inducing molecules differing from the classical siRNA, which is discussed in this chapter.
Factor XI Deficiency in Ashkenazi Jews in Israel (1991)

Type II and Type III mutations are the predominant causes of factor XI deficiency among Ashkenazi Jews. Genotypic analysis, assay for factor XI, and consideration of the type and location of surgery can be helpful in planning operations in patients with this disorder.
3-line RANSAC for orthogonal vanishing point detection (2012)

A wide range of robotic systems needs to estimate their rotation for diverse tasks like automatic control and stabilization, among many others. In regards of the limitations of traditional navigation equipments (like GPS and inertial sensors), this paper follows a vision approach based on the observation of vanishing points (VPs). Urban environments (outdoor as well as indoor) generally contain orthogonal VPs which constitutes an important constraint to fulfill in order to correctly acquire the structure of the scenes. In contrast to existing VP-based techniques, our method inherently enforces the orthogonality of the VPs by directly incorporating the orthogonality constraint into the model estimation step of the RANSAC procedure, which allows real-time applications. The model is estimated from only 3 lines, which corresponds to the theoretical minimal sampling for rotation estimation and constitutes our 3-line RANSAC. We also propose a 1-line RANSAC when the horizon plane is known. Our algorithm has been validated successfully on challenging real datasets.
Assignment of Protoheme Resonance Raman Spectrum by Heme Labeling in Myoglobin (1996)

Resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for myoglobin reconstituted with seven heme isotopomers which are labeled with 15N and meso-D4 in the porphyrin skeleton or at the vinyl and propionate substituents. The RR bands are assigned to the porphyrin in-plane and out-of-plane modes as well as to the internal vibrations of substituents on the basis of the observed isotope shifts. The issue of vinyl substituent effects is revisited, and bands are assigned to the 2- or 4-vinyl group from selective deuteration shifts. Contributions of the aliphatic propionate groups are also revealed in the RR spectrum. The protein influence on the heme structure is reflected in the activation of several out-of-plane modes in the low-frequency region.
The J-Domain of Hsp40 Couples ATP Hydrolysis to Substrate Capture in Hsp70 (2003)

The Escherichia coli Hsp40 DnaJ uses its J-domain to target substrate polypeptides for binding to the Hsp70 DnaK, but the mechanism of J-domain function has been obscured by a substrate-like interaction between DnaJ and DnaK. ATP hydrolysis in DnaK is associated with a conformational change that captures the substrate, and both DnaJ and substrate can stimulate ATP hydrolysis. However, substrates cannot trigger capture by DnaK in the presence of ATP, and substrates stimulate a DnaK conformational change that is uncoupled from ATP hydrolysis. The role of the J-domain was examined using the fluorescent derivative of a fusion protein composed of the J-domain and a DnaK-binding peptide. In the absence of ATP, DnaK-binding affinity of the fusion protein is similar to that of the unfused peptide. However, in the presence of ATP, the affinity of the fusion protein is dramatically increased, which is opposite to the decrease in DnaK affinity typically exhibited by peptides. Binding of a fusion protein that contains a defective J-domain is insensitive to ATP. According to results from isothermal titration calorimetry, the J-domain binds to the DnaK ATPase domain with weak affinity (K(D) = 23 microM at 20 degrees C). The interaction is characterized by a positive enthalpy, small heat capacity change (DeltaC(p)= -33 kcal mol(-1)), and increasing binding affinity for increasing temperatures in the physiological range. In conditions that support binding of the J-domain to the ATPase domain, the J-domain accelerates ATP hydrolysis and a simultaneous conformational change in DnaK that is associated with peptide capture. The defective J-domain is inactive, despite the fact that it binds to the DnaK ATPase domain with higher than wild-type affinity. The results are most consistent with an allosteric mechanism of J-domain action in which the J-domain couples ATP hydrolysis to peptide capture by accelerating ATP hydrolysis and delaying DnaK closure until ATP is hydrolyzed.
Liquid-Metal-Based Super-Stretchable and Structure-Designable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Wearable Electronics (2018)

The rapid advancement of intelligent wearable electronics imposes the emergent requirement for power sources that are deformable, compliant, and stretchable. Power sources with these characteristics are difficult and challenging to achieve. The use of liquid metals as electrodes may provide a viable strategy to produce such power sources. In this work, we propose a liquid-metal-based triboelectric nanogenerator (LM-TENG) by employing Galinstan as the electrode and silicone rubber as the triboelectric and encapsulation layer. The small Young's modulus of the liquid metal ensures the electrode remains continuously conductive under deformations, stretching to a strain as large as ∼300%. The surface oxide layer of Galinstan effectively prevents the liquid Galinstan electrode from further oxidization and permeation into silicone rubber, yielding outstanding device stability. Operating in the single-electrode mode at 3 Hz, the LM-TENG with an area of 6 × 3 cm<sup>2</sup> produces an open-circuit voltage of 354.5 V, transferred short-circuit charge of 123.2 nC, short-circuit current of 15.6 μA, and average power density of 8.43 mW/m<sup>2</sup>, which represent outstanding performance values for TENGs. Further, the LM-TENG maintains stable performance under various deformations, such as stretching, folding, and twisting. LM-TENGs in different forms, such as bulk-shaped, bracelet-like, and textile-like, are all able to harvest mechanical energy from human walking, arm shaking, or hand patting to sustainably drive wearable electronic devices.
Effect of lactulose and <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> administration on the colonic urea‐nitrogen metabolism and the bifidobacteria concentration in healthy human subjects (2006)

Dietary addition of lactulose can exert a bifidogenic effect accompanied by a favourable effect on the colonic NH(3)-metabolism.
A multisystems on screen display for TV MCU (1989)

A novel on-screen display system for TV incorporated into an application-specific MCU (microprocessor control unit) is described. It uses the PLL (phase-locked loop) technique and is compatible with all currently known scanning standards which are detected automatically. The circuit is developed so that the characters are stable regardless of system change. Special techniques are used to minimize the horizontal jitter of the display.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Morphology Control, Self-Assembly and Site-Selective Deposition of Nanocrystals (2010)

The author thanks Prof. Kunihito Koumoto of Nagoya University, Dr. Tatsuki Ohji and Dr. Kazumi Kato of AIST, Dr. Masako Ajimi, Dr. Makoto Bekki and Dr. Shuji Sonezaki of TOTO Ltd. Research Laboratory. Some of works that were reviewed in this chapter were partially supported by METI, Japan, as part of R&D for High Sensitivity Environment Sensor Components.
Scaling behavior of the giant magnetoresistance of magnetic aggregates (2001)

We study numerically the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) of magnetic nanoparticle aggregates formed on a planar substrate by a diffusion process that is driven by the magnetostatic dipolar interactions between the particles. The growth of aggregates is modeled by a diffusion limited cluster aggregation model and the GMR of the assembly is expressed in terms of the short range spin correlation function. The latter is obtained by a Monte Carlo simulation. We show that the spin correlation function of the aggregates can be described by a scaling law that involves the fractal dimensionality of the structure. The formation of aggregates causes a large reduction of the low-field GMR because the role of interparticle dipolar interactions is enhanced due to the chainlike morphology of the aggregates.
Remote-rendered 3D CT angiography (3DCTA) as an intraoperative aid in cerebrovascular neurosurgery (1999)

Intraoperative volume rendering using 3DCTA is achievable over a network, can reduce hardware costs by amortizing hardware among multiple users, and provides useful imaging information during the surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Future operating suites may incorporate network-transmitted three-dimensional images as additional sources of imaging information.
High Performance Cross-Linked Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)-Based Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells (2010)

Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) has been used for the preparation of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) due to the superior ability of sulfonic acid groups originated from AMPS in supporting proton conduction. Since PAMPS is water-swollen or even soluble in water, it is necessary to copolymerize AMPS with proper monomer oils to control the swelling and mechanical properties of membranes. However, as a water-soluble monomer, AMPS is generally immiscible with hydrophobic monomer oils. To overcome this obstacle, AMPS was converted to an ionic liquid (IL) form by neutralization with a Brønsted base, 1-methylimidazole. The resultant 1-methylimidazolium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate ([MIm][AMPS]) is miscible with monomer oils and thus could be cross-linked with styrene, acrylonitrile, and divinylbenzene. The produced copolymer membranes in IL form were converted to acid form by treated with acid. Membranes in both IL and acid forms have good thermal stability and mechanical properties which could be further tuned by the content of cross-linking agent. The water uptake, swelling degree, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes increased with the PAMPS content while decreased with cross-link agent content. The acid form PAMPS-based membranes showed high proton conductivity of 3.82 × 10−2 S/cm and low methanol permeability of 3.80 × 10−7 cm2/s at 25 °C. The properties of the samples suggested that this type of cross-linked PAMPS-based membranes were particularly promising to be used as PEMs in direct methanol fuel cells.