gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Global Regulatory Functions of Oaf1p and Pip2p (Oaf2p), Transcription Factors That Regulate Genes Encoding Peroxisomal Proteins in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1998)

Two transcription factors, Oaf1p and Pip2p (Oaf2p), are key components in the pathway by which several Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes encoding peroxisomal proteins are activated in the presence of a fatty acid such as oleate. By searching the S. cerevisiae genomic database for the consensus sequence that acts as a target for these transcription factors, we identified 40 genes that contain a putative Oaf1p-Pip2p binding site in their promoter region. Quantitative Northern analysis confirmed that the expression of 22 of the genes identified is induced by oleate and that either one or both of these transcription factors are required for the activation. In addition to known peroxisomal proteins, the regulated genes encode novel peroxisomal proteins, a mitochondrial protein, and proteins of unknown location and function. We demonstrate that Oaf1p regulates certain genes in the absence of Pip2p and that both of these transcription factors play a role in maintaining the glucose-repressed state of one gene. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the defined consensus binding site is not required for the regulation of certain oleate-responsive genes.
<title>Beethoven: architecture for media telephony</title> (1999)

This paper presents a new architecture and techniques for media-based telephony over wireless/wireline IP networks, called `Beethoven'. The platform supports complex media transport and mobile conferencing for multi-user environments having a non-uniform access. New techniques are presented to provide advanced multimedia call management over different media types and their presentation. The routing and distribution of the media is rendered over the standards based protocol. Our approach offers a generic, distributed and object-oriented solution having interfaces, where signal processing and unified messaging algorithms are embedded as instances of core classes. The platform services are divided into `basic communication', `conferencing' and `media session'. The basic communication form platform core services and supports access from scalable user interface to network end-points. Conferencing services take care of media filter adaptation, conversion, error resiliency, multi-party connection and event signaling, while the media session services offer resources for application-level communication between the terminals. The platform allows flexible attachment of any number of plug-in modules, and thus we use it as a test bench for multiparty/multi-point conferencing and as an evaluation bench for signal coding algorithms. In tests, our architecture showed the ability to easily be scaled from simple voice terminal to complex multi-user conference sharing virtual data.
Examination of time-reversal acoustics in shallow water and applications to noncoherent underwater communications (2003)

The shallow water acoustic communication channel is characterized by strong signal degradation caused by multipath propagation and high spatial and temporal variability of the channel conditions. At the receiver, multipath propagation causes intersymbol interference and is considered the most important of the channel distortions. This paper examines the application of time-reversal acoustic (TRA) arrays, i.e., phase-conjugated arrays (PCAs), that generate a spatio-temporal focus of acoustic energy at the receiver location, eliminating distortions introduced by channel propagation. This technique is self-adaptive and automatically compensates for environmental effects and array imperfections without the need to explicitly characterize the environment. An attempt is made to characterize the influences of a PCA design on its focusing properties with particular attention given to applications in noncoherent underwater acoustic communication systems. Due to the PCA spatial diversity focusing properties, PC arrays may have an important role in an acoustic local area network. Each array is able to simultaneously transmit different messages that will focus only at the destination receiver node.
Issues in the Resettlement of Indochinese Refugees (1982)

Among the earliest and most visible issues of refugee resettlement care are the tasks relating to housing, language training, and job placement. The long-term effectiveness of these activities is often determined, however, by factors operating at the level of cultural values and variations and emotional adjustment.
Fibroblast-mediated delivery of growth factor complementary DNA into mouse joints induces chondrogenesis but avoids the disadvantages of direct viral gene transfer (2001)

Our results indicate that cell-mediated gene transfer provides sufficient BMP-2 levels in the joint to induce cartilage formation while avoiding inadvertent vector spread and immune reactions.
Assessment of immunization response to caninedistemper virus vaccination in puppies using a clinic-based enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (1998)

To study the response to vaccination, an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) immunoblot method was developed and tested to assay canine distemper virus (CDV) IgG antibody in puppies and compared to a standard virus neutralization (VN) test (r2 = 0.748). Ten litters of four puppies each were used in a vaccination study. Seventy-six percent of vaccinated puppies immunized with a modified live vaccine were successfully protected against CDV at 6 weeks of age. One puppy remained seronegative after vaccination at 6 and 9 weeks of age. This is the first report of vaccination responses of puppies to CDV using an in-clinic test kit based on solid-phase immunoassay technology.
A simulation study of pipelining and decoupling a dynamic instruction scheduling mechanism (1999)

As instruction window size increases, it becomes difficult to maintain processor cycle time. Pipelining the instruction window is not a solution for maintaining the processor cycle time, since it is said that it affects processor performance seriously. However, the pipelining has not been evaluated quantitatively. Therefore, in this paper, we evaluate a dynamic instruction scheduling mechanism whose wakeup and select logic is pipelined. On the other hand, recent interests on data speculation demand to further increase the instruction window size in order to realize instruction reissue mechanism which deals with incorrect data speculations. For the purpose of reducing the instruction window size with maintaining the instruction reissue capability, we propose to decoupling the reissue mechanism from the scheduling mechanism. Using a cycle-by-cycle simulator, we have evaluated the pipelining and the decoupling of the instruction window.
Ultrastructural Evidence for Endogenous Substance-P-Like Immunoreactivity in the Rat Pituitary Gland (1982)

Substance P (SP) is known to act on pituitary hormone release either at the hypothalamic level or directly at the pituitary level. In order to investigate whether SP is present in the pituitary gland and to localize the peptide at the cellular and subcellular levels, the immunocytological method was used. Rat pituitaries were fixed and frozen. Ultrathin sections, obtained by cryoultramicrotomy, were incubated with anti-SP serum. The antigen-antibody reaction was detected by 4-chloro-1-naphtol. SP immunoreactivity was observed both in the prolactin and in the gonadotropic cells, but not in the somatotropic, corticotropic and thyrotropic cells. In reactive cells, SP immunoreactivity was observed in the secretory granules, in the cytoplasm, and in the nucleus distributed all over the euchromatin near to the heterochromatin regions. No immunoreactivity was observed when nonimmune serum or anti-SP serum incubated with SP was used. No modification of the immunocytochemical reaction was observed when anti-SP serum incubated with somatostatin, gonado- or thyroliberin was used. These data (1) provide immunocytological evidence for the presence of SP in the pituitary gland; (2) indicate the presence of SP peptide in the gonadotropic and prolactin cells only. They support previous findings indicating that SP could have a direct effect at the pituitary level.
11.8GHz CMOS VCO With 62% Tuning Range Using Switched Coupled Inductors (2007)

A VCO uses coupled switched inductors to achieve a 61.9% tuning range centered at 11.75 GHz. The phase noise is measured to be -83 and -106 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offsets respectively. This 0.076 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> VCO is fabricated in a 90 nm standard digital CMOS process, uses 33% more area than a single-inductor VCO and consumes 7.7 mW from a 1.2 V supply.
TaMYB13-1, a R2R3 MYB transcription factor, regulates the fructan synthetic pathway and contributes to enhanced fructan accumulation in bread wheat (2013)

Fructans are the major component of temporary carbon reserve in the stem of temperate cereals, which is used for grain filling. Three families of fructosyltransferases are directly involved in fructan synthesis in the vacuole of Triticum aestivum. The regulatory network of the fructan synthetic pathway is largely unknown. Recently, a sucrose-upregulated wheat MYB transcription factor (TaMYB13-1) was shown to be capable of activating the promoter activities of sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST) and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (6-SFT) in transient transactivation assays. This work investigated TaMYB13-1 target genes and their influence on fructan synthesis in transgenic wheat. TaMYB13-1 overexpression resulted in upregulation of all three families of fructosyltransferases including fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (1-FFT). A γ-vacuolar processing enzyme (γ-VPE1), potentially involved in processing the maturation of fructosyltransferases in the vacuole, was also upregulated by TaMYB13-1 overexpression. Multiple TaMYB13 DNA-binding motifs were identified in the Ta1-FFT1 and Taγ-VPE1 promoters and were bound strongly by TaMYB13-1. The expression profiles of these target genes and TaMYB13-1 were highly correlated in recombinant inbred lines and during stem development as well as the transgenic and non-transgenic wheat dataset, further supporting a direct regulation of these genes by TaMYB13-1. TaMYB13-1 overexpression in wheat led to enhanced fructan accumulation in the leaves and stems and also increased spike weight and grain weight per spike in transgenic plants under water-limited conditions. These data suggest that TaMYB13-1 plays an important role in coordinated upregulation of genes necessary for fructan synthesis and can be used as a molecular tool to improve the high fructan trait.
Transverse tomography with incoherent optical reconstruction (1978)

A thin layer of an object can be imaged by reconstruction from a so-called sinogram. It is produced by an x-ray fan beam rotating around the object while a recording film is moved in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the fan beam. Before reconstruction the sinogram image is convoluted according to a special function to remove artifacts consisting of spurious shadows between different object elements. The reconstruction is done from the convoluted sinogram by means of a back projector, which operates according to a prinicple that is the reverse of the recording of the original sinogram. Tomograms of phantoms, pork chops and the head of a dog show that the process is capable of high spatial resolution but is limited by low contrast.
Estimation of multipath parameters in wireless communications (1998)

In a parametric multipath propagation model, a source is received by an antenna array via a number of rays, each described by an arrival angle, a delay, and a fading parameter. Unlike the fading, the angles and delays are stationary over long time intervals. This fact is exploited in a new subspace-based high-resolution method for simultaneous estimation of the angle/delay parameters from multiple estimates of the channel impulse response. A computationally expensive optimization search can be avoided by using an ESPRIT-like algorithm. Finally, we investigate certain resolution issues that take the fact that the source is bandlimited into account.
Undercutting and Contact Characteristics of Cylindrical Gears With Curvilinear Shaped Teeth Generated by Hobbing (2005)

Undercutting characteristics of the curvilinear-tooth gear, cut by a hob cutter performing motion with two independent parameters, are investigated. The tooth contact analysis (TCA) and the surface topology method are applied to study the kinematic errors (KE) and contact ellipses of the curvilinear-tooth gear under different assembly conditions. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the influence of the assembly errors and design parameters of the gear on the KEs and contact ellipses of the gear pair.
Performance Analysis of Beamforming in MU-MIMO Systems for Rayleigh Fading Channels (2017)

This paper characterizes the performance metrics of MU-MIMO systems under Rayleigh fading channels in the presence of both cochannel interference and additive noise with unknown channel state information and known correlation matrices. In the first task, we derive analytical expressions for the cumulative distribution function of the instantaneous signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for any deterministic beamvectors. As a second task, exact closed-form expressions are derived for the instantaneous capacity, the upper bound on ergodic capacity, and the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization-based ergodic capacity for similar intra-cell correlation coefficients. Finally, we present the utility of several structured-diagonalization techniques, which can achieve the tractability for the approximate solution of ergodic capacity for both similar as well as different intra-cell correlation matrices. The novelty of this paper is to formulate the received SINR in terms of indefinite quadratic forms, which allows us to use complex residue theory to characterize the system behavior. The analytical expressions obtained closely match simulation results.
Development of a time-domain optical mammograph and first in vivo applications (1999)

We have developed a laser-pulse mammograph capable of recording optical mammograms within approximately 3 min by measuring time-resolved transmittance at each of typically 1500 scan positions, 2.5 mm apart. As a first application two patients who have tumors were investigated successfully. From measured distributions of times of flight of photons corrected for edge effects we derived (1) characteristic quantities, such as photon counts in selected time windows, to generate optical mammograms; (2) effective transport scattering and absorption coefficients of breast tissue at each scan position, assuming the breast to be homogeneous; and (3) optical properties of a selected tumor by applying the theory of diffraction of photon density waves by spherical inhomogeneity. Mammograms recorded at different lateral offsets between source and detector fiber were used to estimate the depth of inhomogeneities.
A MEMS implementation of an acoustical sensor array (2002)

A MEMS implementation of an acoustical sensor array is developed for use with a hearing instrument. A square planar array composed of nine capacitive microphones is designed to give a beam-forming and steering capability with constant beam width. Each microphone has a polysilicon germanium diaphragm. A thin silicon nitride back plate and a small airgap. The microphones are separated from each other by a distance of 250 microns and the sensor array covers a die area of 16 mm/sup 2/.
Perception of biological motion during locomotion in a virtual environment (2007)

The classical studies on the perception of biological motion (BM) use impoverished stimuli without translation for the identification of moving patterns. A previous psychophysical study demonstrated that a velocity match between translational point-light walker (PLW) was poorest and greatly biased by background contrast when compared with rigid translational motion. The current work combines two methodologies to develop the study of BM perception. A com- putational method considers the quality and quantity of information presented by BM stimuli. The impoverishment of PLW leads to a decrease of the body rigidity increasing the patterns complexity. The relative motion between opposing vectors in complex patterns may contribute to an impaired speed perception. We manipulated the structure of BM stimuli differentiating complexity levels through an optic flow analysis. Moreover, the visual analysis of human motion in a classical setup differs substantially from analysis under more realistic conditions. An action ^ perception paradigm in a virtual environment allows us to compare perceptive judgments raised by different stimuli representations during locomotion and to gather visually guided motor responses.
Comparative study of chest pain characteristics in patients with normal and abnormal coronary angiograms (1998)

Sir,—Owing to the age related prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), the observation that angiographically validated CHD is more common in patients aged ⩾ 55 with “atypical” chest pain than in their younger counterparts,1 and that this …
Dissecting Protein-Protein Interactions that Regulate the Spindle Checkpoint in Budding Yeast (2013)

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Overexpression of the mouse dishevelled‐1 protein inhibits GSK‐3β‐mediated phosphorylation of tau in transfected mammalian cells (1997)

Tau is a neuronal microtubule-associated protein whose function is modulated by phosphorylation. GSK-3beta is a tau kinase. GSK-3beta is part of the wingless signalling pathway and stimulation by wingless is predicted to down-regulate GSK-3beta activity. In Drosophila imaginal disc cells, overexpression of dishevelled, a component of the wingless pathway, mimics the wingless signal. We have therefore studied the effect that overexpression of the murine dishevelled-1 protein has on GSK-3beta-mediated phosphorylation of tau in transfected CHO cells. We find that co-transfection with dishevelled-1 is inhibitory to GSK-3beta-mediated tau phosphorylation. Tau is hyperphosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease and the possible relevance of these findings to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis are discussed.
PR-39, a Syndecan-inducing Antimicrobial Peptide, Binds and Affects p130Cas (1998)

PR-39 is a proline-arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide and an important component of innate immunity. In addition to its antimicrobial effects, PR-39 can alter mammalian cell gene expression and behavior. To determine the mechanism through which PR-39 affects mesenchymal cells, we identify a number of binding targets for PR-39 using a biologically active fragment of PR-39 (PR-39(15)). We found that PR-39 binds NIH 3T3 in a saturable manner consistent with the existence of a binding target. Similar to full-length PR-39, PR-39(15) interacts with lipid bilayers. After interacting with the membrane, PR-39(15) rapidly enters human microvascular endothelial cells and binds a number of cytoplasmic proteins. PR-39 selectively binds recombinant SH3-containing proteins and was also found to bind a native SH3-containing protein, p130(Cas). PR-39(15) treatment of endothelial cells results in altered p130 localization. These results show that PR-39(15) binds an SH3-containing signal transduction molecule that has the potential to explain a myriad of effects PR-39 has on mammalian cell behaviors.
Electrical conductivity of some organic materials containing metals (1971)

In order to test views on the nature of electron-transfer in solids which contain metal complexes, four series of metal-chelates have been examined. In the first, isolated molecules ML, where M is a metal and L is a large organic chelating agent, have been made in which L is varied so as to force different geometries on M. In the second, ML is held in association with another molecule X which acts as an acceptor so that a series of molecules (ML)n(X)m are examined. In the third series, the ligand L is conjugated and polymerized, while in the fourth, the complex units ML are joined to one another through copolymerization with a separate insulating monomer. The electrical conductivity of this range of different materials has been studied in compressed pellets. Tentative conclusions are drawn as to the circumstances in which organic materials containing metals could be good conductors. The conclusions are used to discuss electron transfer in biological systems.
Medical Image Synthesis with Generative Adversarial Networks for Tissue Recognition (2018)

This paper presents an adversarial learning-based approach to synthesize medical images for medical image tissue recognition. The performance of medical image recognition models highly depends on the representativeness and sufficiency of training samples. The high expense of collecting large amounts of practical medical images leads to a demand of synthesizing image samples. In this research, generative adversarial networks (GANs), which consist of a generative network and a discriminative network, are applied to develop a medical image synthesis model. Specifically, deep convolutional GANs (DCGANs), Wasserstein GANs (WGANs), and boundary equilibrium GANs (BEGANs) are implemented and compared to synthesize medical images in this research. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are applied in the GAN models, which can capture feature representations that describe a high level of image semantic information. Then synthetic images are generated by employing the generative network mapping from random noise. The effectiveness of the generative network is validated by a discriminative network, which is trained to detect the synthetic images from real images. Through a minimax two-player game, the generative and discriminative networks can train each other. The generated synthetic images are used to train a CNN classification model for tissue recognition. Through the experiments with the synthetic images, the tissue recognition accuracy achieves 98.83%, which reveals the effectiveness and applicability of synthesizing medical images through the GAN models.
GaN Boule Growth: A Pathway to GaN Wafers with Improved Material Quality (2002)

Hydride vapor phase epitaxial growth of GaN boules was investigated. GaN boules were formed at growth rates in excess of 100 μm/h, resulting in boules as long as 5 mm in the c-axis direction. The boules were sliced into wafer blanks. Lapping, polishing and chemical-mechanical polishing was employed to produce wafers with a slightly stepped surface. Dislocations were decorated with hot phosphoric acid etching so that the change in defect density with boule length might be studied. Etch pit density correlated to threading dislocation density as measured by plan-view transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron white beam X-ray topography. The dislocation density of the GaN fabricated from the boules was as low as 10 4 cm -2 .
A 45-ns 16-Mbit DRAM with triple-well structure (1989)

A 16-Mbit DRAM fabricated with a 0.6- mu m triple-well CMOS technology on an n-substrate is described. The fast RAS access time of 45 ns has been achieved by the use of a triple-well structure, an optimized chip architecture, and a decoded word-line bootstrap driver. An advanced trench capacitor cell of area 4.8 mu m/sup 2/ is realized by introducing a quarter-pitched memory array arrangement. A three-way voltage-down conversion system enhances RAM performance as well as reliability. The RAM measures 7.87*17.4 mm/sup 2/.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pulmonary nodule detection in CT images based on shape constraint CV model (2015)

Evaluation shows that the authors' method is feasible and effective for detection of three types of nodules in this study.