gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Pd<sub><i>x</i></sub>Au<sub>100–<i>x</i></sub> Alloy Nanoparticles: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Assessment of Synthetic and Compositional Effects upon Catalytic Reactivity (2016)

PdxAu100–x nanoparticle (NP) catalysts with well-defined morphologies and compositions can be rapidly prepared using a simple microwave-assisted synthetic approach. Common Pd(II) and Au(III) precursors are coreduced in ethylene glycol to give small and nearly monodisperse (2.5 ± 0.6 nm) NPs with homogeneously alloyed structures in less than 300 s at 150 °C. A comparison of the nucleation and growth processes responsible for the formation of PdAuNPs by microwave and conventional methods revealed faster and more reproducible product formation under microwave-assisted heating. Pd-rich NPs were rapidly formed, into which Au atoms were subsequently incorporated to give the alloyed NPs. The value of x in the PdxAu100–xNPs obtained can be finely controlled, allowing the surface electronic structure of the NPs to be broadly tuned. This permits model heterogeneous reaction studies, in which catalytic reactivity can be directly related to Pd:Au composition. Vapor-phase alkene hydrogenation studies using a series of PdAuNPs with varying compositions revealed that Pd59Au41NPs were catalytically the most active. Detailed theoretical studies of the entire hydrogenation reaction catalyzed at randomly alloyed PdAu surfaces were performed using a density functional theory (DFT) approach. Local ensemble effects and longer range electronic effects in the alloys were considered, leading to a prediction for optimal hydrogenation activity by Pd57Au43NPs. PdAuNPs obtained from microwave-assisted syntheses were also found to be more highly active than analogous NPs prepared conventionally. Quantitative solution-state 1H NMR studies suggest that significantly less PVP was incorporated into PdAuNPs synthesized under microwave heating.
Calcineurin Homologous Protein as an Essential Cofactor for Na+/H+ Exchangers (2001)

The Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) comprise a family of transporters that catalyze cell functions such as regulation of the pH and volume of a cell and epithelial absorption of Na+ and bicarbonate. Ubiquitous calcineurin B homologous protein (CHP or p22) is co-localized and co-immunoprecipitated with expressed NHE1, NHE2, or NHE3 independently of its myristoylation and Ca2+ binding, and its binding site was identified as the juxtamembrane region within the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domain of exchangers. CHP binding-defective mutations of NHE1-3 or CHP depletion by injection of the competitive CHP-binding region of NHE1 into Xenopus oocytes resulted in a dramatic reduction (>90%) in the Na+/H+ exchange activity. The data suggest that CHP serves as an essential cofactor, which supports the physiological activity of NHE family members.
Separation and Determination of Plutonium by Liquid-Liquid Extraction (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation and Determination of Plutonium by Liquid-Liquid ExtractionF. L. Moore and J. E. HudgensCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 12, 1767–1770Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60132a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60132a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Safety of stabilized, orally absorbable, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): a 26-week oral tablet administration of ENADA/NADH for chronic toxicity study in rats. (2002)

The safety of the stabilized, orally absorbable form of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), known under the brand name ENADA, was investigated over a period of 26 weeks. Eighty healthy rats (40 males and 40 females) were divided into two groups. One tablet ENADA/NADH 5 mg per day was administered orally to one group while identical-looking white tablets not containing NADH (placebo) were given to the other group. The following parameters were statistically analyzed: body weight, body weight gain, food consumption, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weight and organ histology. Clinical signs and mortality were recorded. There were no deaths associated with the study drug and no treatment-releated clinical signs. No differences in body weight between the placebo and the ENADA-treated males were observed. In the second half of the treatment period (weeks 13-26) females treated with NADH gained significantly (p < 0.05) more body weight than the controls. Food consumption in the treated males was similar to that in controls. From approximately week 15, the treated females consumed up to 10% more food than the controls. No differences were observed between the control and the treated groups in terms of hematology or clinical chemistry parameters. There was no apparent treatment-related effect on urine analysis parameters or on either the absolute or the relative organ weight. Furthermore, no macroscopic evidence of specific target organ toxicity associated with the test drug was observed. Histological findings in the treated rats were generally similar to those in control rats. A daily dose of 5 mg in a rat corresponds to a dose of 175 mg per day in a 70-kg human. This is 175 times the recommended daily dosage of 1 ENADA tablet per day. Hence ENADA/NADH 5 mg tablets can be generally regarded as safe.
Dipolar Nature of Molecular Complexes Formed in the Excited State (1967)

First Page
Enzymatic enantiomeric resolution of phenylethylamines structurally related to amphetamine (2011)

Both enantiomers of several phenylethylamines, structurally related to amphetamine, have been prepared in good yields and excellent enantiomeric purity by enzymatic kinetic resolution using CAL-B and ethyl methoxyacetate as the acyl donor. In the case of the 4-hydroxyderivative of amphetamine (compound 4i), the S enantiomer racemized possibly in a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) under the enzymatic conditions used.
Synthesis and Characterization of Halogen-free, Transparent, Aqueous Colloidal Titanate Solutions from Titanium Alkoxide (2002)

Transparent, aqueous colloidal titanate solutions were prepared by a reaction between titanium alkoxide and alkylamines or tetraalkylammonium hydroxides. The chemical species containing titanium atoms were found to be a colloidal particle (15 nm) with a layered structure. The formation reaction can be explained as an acid−base reaction between the amines and titanic acid derived from the alkoxide to yield ammonium titanates. Both the basicity of the amines and the sizes of the conjugate acid (ammonium cations) are crucial factors to determine whether the aqueous solutions can be prepared. Similarly, aqueous oxo metalate solutions of V, Nb, Ta, Al, Si, and Sn are easily prepared from corresponding alkoxides.
Security Kernel validation in practice (1976)

A security kernel is a software and hardware mechanism that enforces access controls within a computer system. The correctness of a security kernel on a PDP-11/45 is being proved. This paper describes the technique used to carry out the first step of the proof: validating a formal specification of the program with respect to axioms for a secure system.
In vivo-like drug responses of human tumors growing in three-dimensional gel-supported primary culture. (1987)

An in vitro test of cell sensitivity to drugs that indicates in vivo response is an important need in cancer therapy and cancer drug development. Toward this end, we previously developed a collagen gel-supported culture system for growth of human tumors. This three-dimensional culture system is general and grows tumors at high frequency directly from surgery or biopsy that maintain important in vivo properties in vitro, including tissue architecture. We report here that with autoradiographic techniques measuring cellular DNA synthesis the drug responses of individual cells within the tissue structure of in vitro-grown tumors can be determined. Twenty tumor classes, including all the major ones, have been measured in toto at greater than 50% frequency. Quantitative and qualitative results show increasing cell kill with rising cytotoxic drug concentration, differential drug sensitivities of multiple cell types within individual cultured tumors, differential sensitivities of a series of tumors of the same histopathological classification to a single drug, differential sensitivities of individual tumors to a series of drugs, and sensitivity patterns of various tumor types similar to the sensitivities found in vivo. Therefore, the results indicate that potentially important therapeutic data can be obtained from tumor specimens growing in vitro for the individual cancer patient as well as for rational and relevant screening for new agents active against human solid tumors.
Toward new generation of the high data rate in-door communication systems-system and key RF technologies (2003)

A vision of future high data rate in-door communication systems is presented. The key technological requirements and possible solutions for RF technologies are outlined. The integration of the front end with the antenna in the MM-wave range and incorporation of dual frequency operation, may provide a major step towards a low cost solution. The key technology features are verified by prototyping, showing encouraging results.
Robust AAM building for morphing in an image-based facial animation system (2008)

Facial animation has been combined with text-to-speech synthesis to create innovative multimodal interfaces, such as Web stores and Web-based customer services. This paper presents an image-based facial animation system using active appearance models (AAM) for precisely detecting feature points in the human face, which are required for selecting mouth images from the database of the face model. In order to minimize the impact of human error when creating the training data, a new optimization method for building an AAM is produced. Optimized training set reduces the average feature point location error from 1.15 pixels to 0.17 pixel. The feature points are suitable for automatic morphing between mouth images with large visual differences. Subjective tests show that morphing improves the visual quality of the animation from "fair" to "good".
Production and Properties of Hemagglutinin of Haemophilus gallinarum (1977)

Production of hemagglutinin (HA) of Haemophilus gallinarum was compared in some media, and its properties were studied. HA was produced in Kato's media, brain heart infusion (BHI) broth containing beta-diphosphopyridine nucleotide, and chicken meat infusion (CMI) broth. The HA in CMI broth different according to the concentration of the chicken serum; no HA titer was found in 0.5% or more chicken serum, but HA was activated by storage in a refrigerator. Cells of H. gallinarum cultured for a long time had markedly decreased HA titer. A weak HA was produced in blood and Kato's agars, but no titer appeared in CMI and BHI agars. HA of H. gallinarum was heat-labile and inactivated by formalin, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate. On the other hand, HA was resistant to chloroform, acetone, and some enzymes. Moreover, the HA titer of cell cultured in CMI broth was enhanced by hyaluronidase. H. gallinarum in Kato's and BHI broths were pleomorphic rods with or without a capsule, but were capsulated ovoid cells in CMI broth, according to electron microscopy.
A study on the Coating Structure and Printability of Coated Paper (I) - Effect of Ionic Monomer on Paper-coating Latex Properties - (1997)

To improve the quality of coated paper, the continuous research to the coating components and development of alternative latices is required. Recently, amphoteric latex is getting a great concern due to their changable properties of surface charge through controlling pH and some methods have been tried to prepare amphoteric latices. This study was carried out to synthesize amphoteric latex using seeding polymerization method with low concentration emulsifier. Styrene was used as a main monomer in addition to acrylonitrile for a hydrophilic comonomer. acrylic acid for a anionic comonomer and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate for a cationic comonomer. Particle size and viscosity of latex were greatly affected by addition of acrylic acid and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. Negative charge of latex in alkali condition was changed to zero to positive charge in around pH 4.
4D CAF for localization of co-located, moving, and RF coincident emitters (2016)

The current state of the art for attempting to geolocate co-located, moving RF coincident emitters employs sensing from multiple moving sensors. In this case the RF coincident emitters will be transmitting similar but not identical RF signals overlapping temporally, spectrally and spatially, e.g. two nodes near each other simultaneously transmitting Wifi and Bluetooth. We use a set of distributed sensors to capture RF emissions, distribute compressed sample data to perform 4D cross ambiguity function (CAF), i.e. time difference of arrival (TDOA), frequency difference of arrival (FDOA), frequency rate difference of arrival (FRDOA), and cyclostationary feature extraction via spectral correlation function (SCF) to uniquely identify, categorize, geolocate and track each emitters.
Classification of Printed Personalized English Isolated- Word-Error Using SVM Method (2012)

A better understanding on word classification could lead to a better detection and correction techniques. We used different features or attributes to represent a machine-printed English word, and support vector machines is used to evaluate those features into two class types of word. Our proposed model classifies the words by using fewer words during the training process because those training words are considered personalized words. Our results are very encouraging when compared with neural networks, Hamming distance or minimum edit distance technique; with further improvement in sight.
Wnt signaling can repress thrombospondin-1 expression in colonic tumorigenesis (2005)

The induction of new blood vessels is critical to the pathogenesis of colon cancer, and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has proven to be an effective approach to the treatment of this malignancy. Another potential therapeutic strategy would utilize endogenous anti-angiogenic molecules such as thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). However, the regulation of TSP-1 expression in colon cancer is poorly understood. Our results demonstrate that TSP-1 is strongly expressed in normal colonic epithelial cells. However, loss of TSP-1 was observed in early colonic adenomas and it became undetectable in invasive colon cancers. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells repressed TSP-1 gene expression, and inhibition of Wnt signaling in colon cancer cells reversed this repression. Although mutant K-ras also inhibited the TSP-1 promoter in intestinal epithelial cells, silencing of mutant K-ras in colon cancer cells with an activated Wnt pathway did not upregulate TSP-1 expression. Collectively, these findings suggest that activation of the Wnt pathway rather than K-ras plays a more important role in the downregulation of TSP-1 observed in colon cancer.
Sonic hedgehog is a critical mediator of erythropoietin-induced cardiac protection in mice (2010)

Erythropoietin reportedly has beneficial effects on the heart after myocardial infarction, but the underlying mechanisms of these effects are unknown. We here demonstrate that sonic hedgehog is a critical mediator of erythropoietin-induced cardioprotection in mice. Treatment of mice with erythropoietin inhibited left ventricular remodeling and improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction, independent of erythropoiesis and the mobilization of bone marrow-derived cells. Erythropoietin prevented cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased the number of capillaries and mature vessels in infarcted hearts by upregulating the expression of angiogenic cytokines such as VEGF and angiopoietin-1 in cardiomyocytes. Erythropoietin also increased the expression of sonic hedgehog in cardiomyocytes, and inhibition of sonic hedgehog signaling suppressed the erythropoietin-induced increase in angiogenic cytokine expression. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of erythropoietin on infarcted hearts were abolished by cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of sonic hedgehog. These results suggest that erythropoietin protects the heart after myocardial infarction by inducing angiogenesis through sonic hedgehog signaling.
High-contrast gratings as a new platform for integrated optoelectronics (2010)

A new concept of dielectric subwavelength grating has emerged. This grating leverages a high contrast in refractive indices for the grating medium and its surroundings. We will discuss how high-index-contrast grating (HCG) can manipulate light to achieve various extraordinary properties. We will discuss various designs to yield broadband, high-reflectivity mirrors for light incident in surface-normal direction and at a glancing angle, ultra high-Q resonators with surface-normal output, planar high focusing power reflectors and lenses, and ultralow loss hollow-core waveguides. The HCG will be a new, promising platform for integrated optics with applications for lasers, filters, waveguides, sensors and detectors.
Dimension-Based Subscription Pruning for Publish/Subscribe Systems (2006)

Subscription pruning has been proven as valuable routing optimization for Boolean subscriptions in publish/ subscribe systems. It aims at optimizing subscriptions independently of each other and is thus applicable for all kinds of subscriptions regardless of their individual and collective structures. The original subscription pruning approach tries to optimize the event routing process based on the expected increase in network load. However, a closer look at pruning-based routing reveals its further applicability to optimizations in respect to other dimensions. In this paper, we introduce and investigate subscription pruning based on three dimensions of optimization: network load, memory usage, and system throughput. We present the algorithms to perform prunings based on these dimensions and discuss the results of a series of practical experiments. Our analysis reveals the advantages and disadvantages of the different dimensions of optimization and allows conclusions about the suitability of dimension-based pruning for different application requirements.
Overproduction, purification, and characterization of Bacillus subtilis RNA polymerase sigma A factor (1990)

By use of a T7 expression system, large amounts of active Bacillus subtilis RNA polymerase sigma A factor were produced in Escherichia coli cells. This overproduced protein was found in the form of inclusion bodies and constituted 40% of the total cellular protein. Because of the ease of isolation of the inclusion bodies and the acidic properties of sigma A, the protein was purified to more than 99% purity and the yield was about 90 mg/liter of culture. Gel mobility, antigenicity, specificity of promoter recognition, and N-terminal amino acid sequence of the overproduced sigma were found to be the same as those of native sigma A. Partial proteolysis analysis of sigma A protein suggested the presence of a protease-sensitive surface region in the C-terminal part of the sigma A protein. The promoter -10 binding region of sigma A was less sensitive to proteases and was probably involved in a hydrophobic, tightly folded domain of sigma A protein.
Reactivity and immunogenicity of bivalent (AC) and tetravalent (ACW135Y) meningococcal vaccines containing O-acetyl-negative or O-acetyl-positive group C polysaccharide (1983)

The immunogenicity and the reactivity of two bivalent (AC) and two tetravalent (ACW135Y) meningococcal vaccines containing either the O-acetyl-positive or the O-acetyl-negative group C polysaccharide were compared in healthy adolescent and adult volunteers. The vaccines contained high-molecular-weight, purified capsular meningococcal polysaccharides and were administered subcutaneously at a dose of 50 micrograms for each polysaccharide. Reactivity was low for all vaccines, and the tetravalent vaccines were not significantly more reactive than the bivalent vaccines. Immunogenicity was measured by assay of bactericidal antibodies in pre- and postvaccination sera. More than 90% of the vaccines had at least a fourfold increase in the bactericidal antibody titer against each group of meningococcus represented in the vaccines. Addition of polysaccharide W135 and polysaccharide Y to polysaccharides A and C did not alter the immunogenicity of the latter polysaccharides. Thus, there is no evidence of antigenic competition with the tetravalent vaccine. Comparison of the antibody response to the O-acetyl-positive and the O-acetyl-negative variants of group C polysaccharide in the bivalent vaccines, as measured by both bactericidal and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, indicates that in adults, the two types of group C polysaccharide are similarly immunogenic.
980 nm diode pumped erbium <sup>3+</sup> /ytterbium <sup>3+</sup> doped Q-switched fibre laser (1995)

The latest results obtained with an acousto-optically Q-switched erbium3+/ytterbium3+ diode pumped fibre laser are reported. The use of Er:Yb enables short high power pulses to be obtained. Pulse durations of 15 ns and peak powers >50 W have been achieved at a 500 Hz repetition rate.
Compact modeling and corner analysis of spintronic memristor (2009)

The 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> fundamental circuit elements - memristor received significant attentions after a real device was recently demonstrated for the first time. Besides the solid-state thin film memristive device, sprintonic memristor was also invented based on the magnetic technology. In this paper, we describe a compact model of the spintronic memristor based on the magnetic-domain-wall motion mechanism. Our proposed compact model can be easily implemented by Verilog-A language and compatible to SPICE-based simulation. Furthermore, we discuss the corner model generation of spintronic memristors to improve the simulation efficiency of large scale or complex circuitry, e.g., memory array or some analog circuit design. The process variation effects of the model parameters of are considered in the corner model of spintronic memristor.
Salt‐Assisted High‐Throughput Synthesis of Single‐ and Few‐Layer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Their Application in Organic Solar Cells (2014)

Salt-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation is developed for the high-throughput synthesis of single- and few-layer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) 2D sheets. This environmentally friendly and simple approach improves the yield by more than one order of magnitude, while keeping the single crystalline feature of as-made TMD 2D sheets, which can replace PEDOT:PSS as the hole injection layer for organic solar cells.