gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User-centered approach to path planning of cleaning robots (2007)

Current research on robot navigation is focused on clear recognition of the map and optimal path planning. The human cleaning path is, however, not optimal regarding time but optimal to the cleaning purpose. We have analyzed in this paper the cleaning behaviors in home environments and understood the user's path planning behaviors through usage tests of various vacuuming robots. We discovered that the actual user cleans with methods unique to specific areas of the house rather than following an optimal cleaning path. We not only suggest a path planning method for the vacuuming robot by using a layered map, but also a cleaning area designating method reflecting each area's characteristics. Based on these, we have designed a vacuuming robot's actions.
LIDAR-based vehicle tracking for a virtual mirror (2004)

Low visibility conditions and blind zones induce hazards to driving and have been shown to be a cause of many automobile crashes every year. In order to reduce these effects, the virtual mirror, a computer-generated display that uses a high-accuracy DGPS system coupled with an onboard geo-spatial database, was used to render the view that the driver would see in a mirror-like display. In order to correctly display and integrate the information (lane boundaries, etc.) from the database with the sensed objects, a real-time method of locating and tracking nearby vehicles was developed. This paper outlines the algorithms and equipment used to achieve real-time vehicle tracking based on a scanning laser range sensor, and the experiments performed to determine the accuracy of the virtual mirror's ability to correctly display moving vehicles in the sensor's field of view.
How Wireless Works (2001)

Introduction. I. UNDERSTANDING WIRELESS'S BASIC TECHNOLOGIES. 1. Welcome to the World of Wireless. 2. What Is the Electromagnetic Spectrum? 3. How a Basic Wireless System Works. 4. How Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM) Work. 5. How Data Rides on Wireless Waves. 6. How Antennas, Transmitters, and Receivers Work. II. HOW RADIO AND TELEVISION WORK. 7. How Radio Broadcasting Works. 8. How Walkie-Talkies and Family Radio Service (FRS) Work. 9. How Television Broadcasting Works. III. HOW CELLULAR TELEPHONES AND PAGERS WORK. 10. How Cellular Networks, Cells, and Base Stations Work. 11. How Cellular Telephones Work. 12. How Pagers Work. IV. UNDERSTANDING WIRELESS NETWORKS. 13. How a Wireless Network Works. 14. How Home Wireless Networks Work. 15. Understanding Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 Networking. V. THE WIRELESS INTERNET. 16. Understanding the Internet. 17. How Cell Phones Access the Internet. 18. How XML and Voice XML Deliver Internet Data. 19. How i-mode Works. 20. PCs and Wireless Technology. 21. How Wireless Palmtops Work. VI. APPLYING WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY: mCOMMERCE, SECURITY, BUSINESS USE, AND BEYOND. 22. How mCommerce and Corporate Wireless Access Work. 23. Privacy and Security in a Wireless World. 24. How Wireless 3G Works. 25. Wireless Use in Satellites and Space. Glossary. Index.
A New Responsive Model for Educational Programs for Industry: The University of Detroit Mercy Advanced Electric Vehicle Graduate Certificate Program (2010)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Today's automotive and electronics technologies are evolving so rapidly that educators and industry are both challenged to re-educate the technological workforce in the new area before they are replaced with yet another generation. In early November 2009 Ford's Product Development senior management formally approved a proposal by the University of Detroit Mercy to transform 125 of Ford's “IC Engine Automotive Engineers” into “Advanced Electric Vehicle Automotive Engineers.” Two months later, the first course of the Advanced Electric Vehicle Program began in Dearborn.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">UDM's response to Ford's needs (and those of other OEM's and suppliers) was not only at the rate of “academic light speed,” but it involved direct collaboration of Ford's electric vehicle leaders and subject matter experts and the UDM AEV Program faculty. In fact, before teaching each course, the UDM engineering and science professors will work for one or two months in the Ford engineering group that is directly involved in the design and development of the systems that the course focuses on (batteries, e-drive systems, power electronics, etc). The prime architects of this process and curriculum include the UDM dean, associate dean and faculty of engineering and science from UDM, and Ford Learning &amp; Development managers and Product Development leaders from Sustainable Mobility Technologies and Research &amp; Advanced organizations.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Such a rapid and highly responsive curriculum development is not the norm in academia. To accomplish this outcome UDM had to be more customer-focused like industry and Ford needed to embrace academic priorities and provide access to its electric vehicle SME's by UDM faculty.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The paper will discuss the following related issues: building the relationship and trust between Ford and UDM; collaborative development; “just in time” development and deployment of curriculum; shared investment; modularizing education (it doesn't always have to be in “degree-sized chunks”), linking suppliers and OEMs; balancing service to corporations and service to students.</div></div>
Aromatic Polymers Incorporating Bis-<i>N</i>-spirocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Moieties for Anion-Exchange Membranes (2015)

We have prepared and studied a new class of anion-conducting membrane materials functionalized with <i>N</i>-spirocyclic quaternary ammonium (QA) cations formed via cycloquaternization reactions involving pyrrolidine, piperidine, and azepane, respectively. These cations were introduced in pairs, adjoined through fused phenyl rings along poly(arylene ether sulfone) backbones. Despite their bulkiness, the bis-<i>N</i>-spirocyclic QA moieties efficiently formed ionic clusters in anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) and showed thermal stability up to 309 °C, as well as a reasonable alkaline stability. The hydroxide ion conductivity of the AEMs increased with decreasing ring size, and a fully hydrated pyrrolidine-based AEM reached a conductivity of 110 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> at 80 °C. The results of this study indicate new synthetic pathways to high-performance AEMs based on <i>N</i>-spirocyclic QA groups.
RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF VEHICULAR GPS MONITOR SYSTEM (2003)

In this paper, the pre decoding technology is put forward and adopted. The differential GPS (DGPS) data output by DGPS receiver at anytime and any intervals can be processed and transmitted by the communication controller. The DGPS data is successfully transmitted and fullly utilized. In order to reduce error code rate in the data link of GPS Vehicular Monitor System, BCH Error Correcting Code is adopted to all the wireless transmitted data. In order to improve capability of the GPS Vehicular Monitor System, the hardware and software of the Communication Controller are improved in this paper. The Channel Coding, DGPS data pre decoding, anti jamming techniques are applied to the controller.
Local expression of the serum amyloid A and formyl peptide receptor–like 1 genes in synovial tissue is associated with matrix metalloproteinase production in patients with inflammatory arthritis (2004)

The up-regulation of the A-SAA and FPRL1 genes in inflamed synovial tissue suggests an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory arthritis. A-SAA induces the production of MMPs. Therapeutic targeting of A-SAA, or FPRL1, may modulate pathophysiologic pathways that are associated with matrix degradation in patients with RA and other forms of progressive inflammatory arthritis.
Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2008)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBS, probiotics (beneficial microbes taken to improve health) may be useful in reducing symptoms. This paper systematically reviews randomized, controlled, blinded trials of probiotics for the treatment of IBS and synthesizes data on efficacy across trials of adequate quality. PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, NIH registry of clinical trials, metaRegister, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1982-2007. We also conducted secondary searches of reference lists, reviews, commentaries, relevant articles on associated diseases, books and meeting abstracts. Twenty trials with 23 probiotic treatment arms and a total of 1404 subjects met inclusion criteria. Probiotic use was associated with improvement in global IBS symptoms compared to placebo [pooled relative risk (RR pooled) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.62-0.94]. Probiotics were also associated with less abdominal pain compared to placebo [RR pooled = 0.78 (0.69-0.88)]. Too few studies reported data on other IBS symptoms or on specific probiotic strains to allow estimation of a pooled RR. While our analyses suggest that probiotic use may be associated with improvement in IBS symptoms compared to placebo, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of contributing studies. Probiotics warrant further study as a potential therapy for IBS.
Lightweight piezoelectric polymer hydrophones (1978)

Low-density piezoelectric polymer hydrophones were designed for towed arrays where weight is important. Flexural mode designs consisted of two strips of polymer glued to air-backed rectangular flexural plates made of plastic or metal capable of hydrostatic pressures to 4 MPa. They had sensitivities of −200 dB//1V/μPa and capacitance values of 1000 pF. Another design consisted of double layers of polymer wrapped in three separate sections around a thick-walled, air-filled, plastic cylinder capable of hydrostatic pressures to 12.4 MPa and was positively buoyant. The sensitivity was −212 dB//1V/μPa and the capacitance was 13 000 pF. A final design used the hydrostatic coupling mode and should have great pressure capability. It consisted of 32 layers of polymer, electrically connected in series, and held together by a tight-fitting, oil-filled, polyurethane boot. This hydrophone is semiflexible. The sensitivity was −203 dB//1V/μPa and the capacitance was 350 pF. Details of the designs are discussed and sensitivity variations with pressure and temperature are presented. [Work supported by NAVMAT and NAVELEX.]
Wet Gas Flow Measurement (1989)

Abstract Venturi meters, used in combination with relationships published for orifice plates to correct for wetness, can accurately meter wet gas. This allows separators to be omitted from gas field developments where they were used only to remove entrained liquid before the gas was metered. Vortex meters have also been investigated but they do not give predictable readings. A calibration technique based on the tracer dilution technique using inert gases has been developed to calibrate wet-gas meters.
Cytokine stimulation of aerobic glycolysis in hematopoietic cells exceeds proliferative demand (2004)

The relationship between growth factor-dependent cell growth and proliferation and the up-regulation of cellular metabolism required to support these processes remains poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that cell growth, proliferation, and glucose metabolism are coordinately regulated by interleukin-3 (IL-3) in cytokine-dependent cells. Surprisingly, glycolytic activity is stimulated to a greater extent than would be expected based on the rate of cell growth or proliferation. IL-3 signaling exerts a direct effect on glycolytic commitment independent of cell growth control. These results are not restricted to IL-3 as the cytokines IL-7 and IL-2 have similar effects on glucose metabolism when assayed in factor-dependent cell lines or primary lymphocytes, respectively. Growth factor stimulation leads cells to consume less oxygen and produce more lactate per glucose, indicative of conversion from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism. The enforced rate of glucose metabolism is in excess of that required to support cell growth; accordingly, if extracellular glucose is reduced, cells retain the ability to grow and proliferate by derepressing oxidative metabolism. These data suggest that the high rate of glycolysis observed in response to growth factor stimulation is a primary effect rather than a homeostatic response to increased cell growth.
Categorizing web search results into meaningful and stable categories using fast-feature techniques (2006)

When search results against digital libraries and web resources have limited metadata, augmenting them with meaningful and stable category information can enable better overviews and support user exploration. This paper proposes six fast-feature techniques that use only features available in the search result list, such as title, snippet, and URL, to categorize results into meaningful categories. They use credible knowledge resources, including a US government organizational hierarchy, a thematic hierarchy from the Open Directory Project (ODP) web directory, and personal browse histories, to add valuable metadata to search results. In three tests the percent of results categorized for five representative queries was high enough to suggest practical benefits: general web search (76-90%), government web search (39-100%), and the Bureau of Labor Statistics website (48-94%). An additional test submitted 250 TREC queries to a search engine and successfully categorized 66% of the top 100 using the ODP and 61% of the top 350. Fast-feature techniques have been implemented in a prototype search engine. We propose research directions to improve categorization rates and make suggestions about how web site designers could re-organize their sites to support fast categorization of search results.
Counterexample-guided abstraction refinement for symbolic model checking (2003)

The state explosion problem remains a major hurdle in applying symbolic model checking to large hardware designs. State space abstraction, having been essential for verifying designs of industrial complexity, is typically a manual process, requiring considerable creativity and insight.In this article, we present an automatic iterative abstraction-refinement methodology that extends symbolic model checking. In our method, the initial abstract model is generated by an automatic analysis of the control structures in the program to be verified. Abstract models may admit erroneous (or "spurious") counterexamples. We devise new symbolic techniques that analyze such counterexamples and refine the abstract model correspondingly. We describe aSMV, a prototype implementation of our methodology in NuSMV. Practical experiments including a large Fujitsu IP core design with about 500 latches and 10000 lines of SMV code confirm the effectiveness of our approach.
Correlation of EGFR Del 19 with Fn14/JAK/STAT signaling molecules in non-small cell lung cancer (2016)

Previous research has shown that p-EGFR (particularly mutated EGFR) may activate fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway may participate in this process. Thus, in order to verify this hypothesis, correlations among the expression levels of EGFR Del 19, Fn14 and JAK/STAT were detected and analyzed. The expression and location of these molecules were assessed using IHC, immunohistofluorescence, RT-qPCR and western blotting. The differences and correlations in the expression of these molecules and clinical pathological characteristics were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal‑Wallis H and cross-table tests. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the effect of EGFR Del 19 and Fn14 expression on survival. Data showed that EGFR Del 19, Fn14 and JAK1/STAT1 expression was significantly related with differentiation, pTNM stage and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.01) and there was a marked correlation of EGFR Del 19, Fn14 and JAK1/STAT1 expression with histological type, differentiation, pTNM stage of NSCLC (P<0.05; rs>0.3). Immunohistofluorescence showed that there was a co-localization phenomenon between EGFR Del 19 and Fn14 expression. NSCLC patients with higher EGFR Del 19/Fn14 expression had a significantly worse prognosis than those with lower EGFR Del 19/Fn14 expression (P=0.0155/P=0.001; log-rank test). The multivariate analysis indicated that Fn14 expression may be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC with EGFR Del 19 [hazard ratio (HR), 0.326; P=0.042]. Therefore, our results indicate that EGFR Del 19 may promote Fn14 and JAK1/STAT1 expression in NSCLC and Fn14 may serve as a prognostic biomarker in NSCLC with EGFR Del 19.
A 0.68V 0.68mW 2.4GHz PLL for ultra-low power RF systems (2015)

A 2.4GHz PLL consuming 0.68mW has been implemented in 65nm LPCMOS for use in ultra-low power Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) applications. VCO, charge pump and dynamic flip-flop design optimization allow low voltage operation at 0.68V, bringing down dynamic power. The integer-N PLL covers all BLE channels and has a phase noise of -110dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset. To extend operation to extremely low duty cycles, extensive power gating is applied to bring the leakage power down to 170pW.
Brief Review of the Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2011)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is known to affect a diverse range of biological functions controlling gene expression, cellular architecture, and apoptosis. GSK-3β has recently been identified as one of the important pathogenic mechanisms in motor neuronal death related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, the development of methods to control GSK-3β could be helpful in postponing the symptom progression of ALS. Here we discuss the known roles of GSK-3β in motor neuronal cell death in ALS and the possibility of employing GSK-3β modulators as a new therapeutic strategy.
Half of Rural Residents at High Risk of Serious Illness Due to COVID‐19, Creating Stress on Rural Hospitals (2020)

More than half of rural residents are at increased risk of hospitalization and death if infected with COVID-19. Experts expect COVID-19 burden to outpace hospital capacity across the country, and rural areas are no exception. Policy makers need to consider supply chain modifications, regulatory changes, and financial assistance policies to assist rural communities in caring for people affected by COVID-19.
Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes: Applications to Diffusion and Rheology (1994)

The Continuum View of Matter. Classical Thermodynamics. Basic Axioms of the TIP. Multicomponent Simple Fluids. Statistical Foundation of the Onsager Casimir Reciprocal Relations for Homogeneous Systems. Multicomponent Diffusion. Rheology. Appendices. Indexes.
Theory of diffusion in a porous medium with applications to pulsed-field-gradient NMR (1994)

A Fourier approach is applied for calculating the pulsed-field-gradient-spin-echo amplitude M(k,t) of a fluid in a porous medium with a periodic microgeometry. The method is most effective for long times t, but works quite well down to times that are short enough so that asymptotic short-time approximations of the diffusion process are still valid. The method can be applied regardless of the value of the porosity or the shape of the periodic pore space. Preliminary results are presented for simple cubic arrays of spherical obstacles in a fluid.
Reconstitution of R6K DNA Replication in Vitro Using 22 Purified Proteins (2003)

We have reconstituted a multiprotein system consisting of 22 purified proteins that catalyzed the initiation of replication specifically at ori gamma of R6K, elongation of the forks, and their termination at specific replication terminators. The initiation was strictly dependent on the plasmid-encoded initiator protein pi and on the host-encoded initiator DnaA. The wild type pi was almost inert, whereas a mutant form containing 3 amino acid substitutions that tended to monomerize the protein was effective in initiating replication. The replication in vitro was primed by DnaG primase, whereas in a crude extract system that had not been fractionated, it was dependent on RNA polymerase. The DNA-bending protein IHF was needed for optimal replication and its substitution by HU, unlike in the oriC system, was less effective in promoting optimal replication. In contrast, wild type pi-mediated replication in vivo requires IHF. Using a template that contained ori gamma flanked by two asymmetrically placed Ter sites in the blocking orientation, replication proceeded in the Cairns type mode and generated the expected types of termination products. A majority of the molecules progressed counterclockwise from the ori, in the same direction that has been observed in vivo. Many features of replication in the reconstituted system appeared to mimic those of in vivo replication. The system developed here is an important milestone in continuing biochemical analysis of this interesting replicon.
TGF-α and EGF-receptor mRNAs in human oral cancer (1989)

Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been shown to be present in most squamous cell carcinomas. Using the Syrian hamster oral cancer model, we have recently demonstrated the consistent presence of TGF-alpha and EGFR mRNAs in chemically transformed hamster oral keratinocytes. We now present evidence that in human oral cancer (in vivo and in vitro), TGF-alpha and EGFR mRNAs can also be consistently detected. No TGF-alpha mRNA can be detected in normal human oral epithelium by Northern blot analysis. These findings reinforce the use of the hamster cheek pouch as an experimental model for the study of oral cancer development, at least in reference to the possible participation of TGF-alpha in the malignant transformation process.
Biomarker Discovery from Pancreatic Cancer Secretome Using a Differential Proteomic Approach (2005)

Quantitative proteomics can be used as a screening tool for identification of differentially expressed proteins as potential biomarkers for cancers. Candidate biomarkers from such studies can subsequently be tested using other techniques for use in early detection of cancers. Here we demonstrate the use of stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) method to compare the secreted proteins (secretome) from pancreatic cancer-derived cells with that from non-neoplastic pancreatic ductal cells. We identified 145 differentially secreted proteins (>1.5-fold change), several of which were previously reported as either up-regulated (e.g. cathepsin D, macrophage colony stimulation factor, and fibronectin receptor) or down-regulated (e.g. profilin 1 and IGFBP-7) proteins in pancreatic cancer, confirming the validity of our approach. In addition, we identified several proteins that have not been correlated previously with pancreatic cancer including perlecan (HSPG2), CD9 antigen, fibronectin receptor (integrin beta1), and a novel cytokine designated as predicted osteoblast protein (FAM3C). The differential expression of a subset of these novel proteins was validated by Western blot analysis. In addition, overexpression of several proteins not described previously to be elevated in human pancreatic cancer (CD9, perlecan, SDF4, apoE, and fibronectin receptor) was confirmed by immunohistochemical labeling using pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays suggesting that these could be further pursued as potential biomarkers. Lastly the protein expression data from SILAC were compared with mRNA expression data obtained using gene expression microarrays for the two cell lines (Panc1 and human pancreatic duct epithelial), and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.28 was obtained, confirming previously reported poor associations between RNA and protein expression studies.