gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
R-D hint tracks for low-complexity R-D optimized video streaming [rate-distortion hint track] (2005)

This work presents the concept of rate-distortion hint track (RDHT), and evaluates two specific implementations of streaming systems that employ RDHT. Using RDHT, low-complexity streaming can be realized for systems that adapt to variations in transport conditions such as bandwidth or packet loss. An RDHT-based streaming system has three components: (1) an R-D hint track; (2) an algorithm for using the RDHT to predict the distortion for different packet schedules; and (3) a method for determining the best packet schedule. Two RDHT-based systems are presented which perform R-D optimized scheduling with dramatically reduced complexity as compared to conventional on-line R-D optimized streaming algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that for the difficult case of R-D optimized scheduling of non-scalably coded video the proposed systems provide 7-12 dB gain when adapting to a bandwidth constraint and 2-4 dB gain when adapting to random packet loss, both relative to a conventional streaming system that does not take into account the different importance of individual packets.
Perfluorophenyl Azides: New Applications in Surface Functionalization and Nanomaterial Synthesis (2010)

A major challenge in materials science is the ongoing search for coupling agents that are readily synthesized, capable of versatile chemistry, able to easily functionalize materials and surfaces, and efficient in covalently linking organic and inorganic entities. A decade ago, we began a research program investigating perfluorophenylazides (PFPA) as the coupling agents in surface functionalization and nanomaterial synthesis. The p-substituted PFPAs are attractive heterobifunctional coupling agents because of their two distinct and synthetically distinguishable reactive centers: (i) the fluorinated phenylazide, which is capable of forming stable covalent adducts, and (ii) the functional group R, which can be tailored through synthesis. Two approaches have been undertaken for material synthesis and surface functionalization. The first method involves synthesizing PFPA bearing the first molecule or material with a functional linker R and then attaching the resulting PFPA to the second material by activating the azido group. In the second approach, the material surface is first functionalized with PFPA via functional center R, and coupling of the second molecule or material is achieved with the surface azido groups. In this Account, we review the design and protocols of the two approaches, providing examples in which PFPA derivatives were successfully used in material surface functionalization, ligand conjugation, and the synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials. The methods developed have proved to be general and versatile, and they are applicable to a wide range of materials (especially those that lack reactive functional groups or are difficult to derivatize) and to various substrates of polymers, oxides, carbon materials, and metal films. The coupling chemistry can be initiated by light, heat, and electrons. Patterned structures can be generated by selectively activating the areas of interest. Furthermore, the process is easy to perform, and light activation occurs in minutes, greatly facilitating the efficiency of the reaction. PFPAs indeed demonstrate many benefits as versatile surface coupling agents and offer opportunities for further exploration.
An Efficient PIFA-Mediated Synthesis of Fused Diporphyrin and Triply−Singly Interlacedly Linked Porphyrin Array (2009)

An efficient and metal-free oxidative method was reported for synthesis of triply linked diporphyrins with 2.5 equiv of phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA). This reaction showed high selectivity for Zn(II) porphyrins and had been successfully applied in the synthesis of a novel triply-singly interlacedly linked porphyrin array with lower energy gap.
Optical Encoder Using Metallic Surface Grating. (1998)

With an intense thermal variation, optical encoder yields measuring error because of the generation of nonlinear strain due to the difference of the thermal expantion coefficient between a glass scale and a metallic parts of machines. In this study, a method of using a grating which is directly manufactured on a metallic surface of parts of machines is proposed. Using this method, the thermal strain is made linear and the error becomes simplified to calibrate. Furthermore, it realizes a miniaturization of the system and improves its vibration-resistance. This paper shows the process of making a grating on a metallic surface by photolithography using some methods and ascertains the sufficient performance of this scale in an optical encoder.
Decentralized Enforcement of Artifact Lifecycles (2016)

Artifact-centric workflows describe possible executions of a business process through constraints expressed from the point of view of the documents exchanged between principals. A sequence of manipulations is deemed valid as long as every document in the workflow follows its prescribed lifecycle at all steps of the process. So far, establishing that a given workflow complies with artifact lifecycles has mostly been done through static verification, or by assuming a centralized access to all artifacts where these constraints can be monitored and enforced. We present in this paper an alternate method of enforcing document lifecycles that requires neither static verification nor single-point access. Rather, the document itself is designed to carry fragments of its history, protected from tampering using hashing and public-key encryption. Any principal involved in the process can verify at any time that a document's history complies with a given lifecycle. Moreover, the proposed system also enforces access permissions: not all actions are visible to all principals, and one can only modify and verify what one is allowed to observe.
Molecular dissection of G protein preference using G<sub>s</sub>α chimeras reveals novel ligand signaling of GPCRs (2007)

Although only 16 genes have been identified in mammals, several Galpha subunits can be simultaneously activated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate their complicated functions. Current GPCR assays are limited in the evaluation of selective Galpha activation, thus not allowing a comprehensive pathway screening. Because adenylyl cyclases are directly activated by G(s)alpha and the carboxyl termini of the various Galpha proteins determine their receptor coupling specificity, we proposed a set of chimeric G(s)alpha where the COOH-terminal five amino acids are replaced by those of other Galpha proteins and used these to dissect the potential Galpha linked to a given GPCR. Unlike G(q)alpha, G(12)alpha, and G(i)alpha outputs, compounding the signals from several Galpha members, the chimeric G(s)alpha proteins provide a superior molecular approach that reflects the previously uncharacterized pathways of GPCRs under the same cAMP platform. This is, to our knowledge, the first time allowing verification of the whole spectrum of Galpha coupling preference of adenosine A1 receptor, reported to couple to multiple G proteins and modulate many physiological processes. Furthermore, we were able to distinguish the uncharacterized pathways between the two neuromedin U receptors (NMURs), which distribute differently but are stimulated by a common agonist. In contrast to the G(q) signals mainly conducted by NMUR1, NMUR2 routed preferentially to the G(i) pathways. Dissecting the potential Galpha coupling to these GPCRs will promote an understanding of their physiological roles and benefit the pharmaceutical development of agonists/antagonists by exploiting the selective affinity toward a certain Galpha subclass.
Ocimene (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOcimeneJ. ERSKINE HAWKINS and WILLIAM A. BURRISCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24, 10, 1507–1511Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01092a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01092a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Induction and intracellular localization of HSP-72 after renal ischemia (1992)

To determine whether heat shock proteins (HSPs) might be active in cellular recovery following transient ischemia, we examined rat kidneys for 70-kDa HSP (HSP-70) mRNA expression, protein elaboration, and intracellular localization after 45 min of renal ischemia and reflow of 15 min, 2, 6, and 24 h. Inducible HSP-70 mRNA is present at 15 min of reperfusion, peaks between 2 and 6 h, and falls by 24 h. Inducible 72-kDa HSP (HSP-72) protein accumulates progressively through 24 h and is found in both soluble and microsomal fractions following ischemia. Within proximal tubules, immunofluorescent localization of HSP-72 is restricted to the apical domain at 15 min, is dispersed through the cytoplasm in a vesicular pattern at 2 and 6 h, and has migrated away from the apical domain at 24 h. A portion of the vesicular HSP-72 is associated with lysosomes; no intranuclear HSP-72 is detected. The course of mRNA induction, protein elaboration, and HSP-72 localization coincides with previously described changes in proximal tubule morphology and polarity following sublethal ischemic injury. HSP-72 may be instrumental in cellular remodeling and restitution of epithelial polarity during recovery from ischemic renal injury.
Tumor Progression Locus 2 (TPL2) Regulates Obesity-Associated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance (2011)

Our results provide the first in vivo demonstration that TPL2 ablation attenuates obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction. These data suggest TPL2 is a novel target for improving the metabolic state associated with obesity.
1,2‐Bis(diisopropylamino)‐1,2‐dihydro‐1,2‐diborete (1985)

The first 1,2-dihydro-1,2-diborete 1 (R1  NiPr2, R2  H) has been isolated in the form of colorless crystals. The C2B2 ring is planar. At 120°C, 1 rearranges into the thermodynamically more stable 1, 3-dihydro-1, 3-diborete 2.
Active Learning with Human-Like Noisy Oracle (2010)

When active learning is applied to real-world applications, human experts usually act as oracles to provide labels. However, human make mistakes, thus noise might be introduced during the learning process. Most previous studies simplify the problem by assuming uniformly-distributed noise over the sample space. Such assumption, however, might fail to precisely reflect the human experts' behaviour in real-world situations. In this paper, we therefore study active learning with such human-like oracles, by making a more realistic assumption that the noise is example-dependent (i.e., non-uniformly distributed over the sample space). More specifically, when the human-like oracle is highly confident in labelling examples, it is naturally less likely to provide incorrect answers, whereas when such confidence is low, the noise would be more likely to be introduced. Based on the analysis of such human-like oracle, we propose a generic yet simple active learning algorithm to simultaneously explore the unlabelled data and exploit the labelled data. Empirical study on both synthetic and real-world data sets verifies the superiority of the proposed algorithm, compared with the traditional uncertainty sampling.
Rapid Clearance Profile of Plasma Circulating Tumor HPV Type 16 DNA during Chemoradiotherapy Correlates with Disease Control in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer (2019)

A rapid clearance profile of ctHPVDNA may predict likelihood of disease control in patients with HPV-associated OPSCC patients treated with definitive CRT and may be useful in selecting patients for deintensified therapy.
Contribution of matrilysin (MMP-7) to the metastatic pathway of human colorectal cancers (1999)

Matrilysin showed a correlation with metastasis in a cohort of 83 colorectal cancer patients and marked metastatic potentiation in human colorectal cancer xenografts, indicating that it may play a critical role in the metastatic pathway of colorectal cancers.
Calculating Optimal Parameters for History Matching (1994)

A method for optimally parameterising a reservoir model for history matching is described. The method takes account of both the mathematical structure of the minimisation problem that underlies history matching and the constraints imposed by geology. Furthennore, it enables us to make a prediction about how far into the future we can trust the model. The paranieterisation method is illustrated using a model of a real field. Conventionally, the parameters are chosen using a combination of intuition and trial and error which can be a lengthy and tedious process.
Architectural issues for cross-organisational B2B interactions (2002)

In a world of electronic interconnectivity, concepts for process automation within an organisation need to be extended to support co-operation with customers and partners across organisational boundaries. Current workflow standards provide only limited support to enable this interconnectivity. We propose a model for tiering business processes into the private business processes of organisations and those shared business processes that interconnect them. Private business processes can expose interaction points, and shared processes can link to these points so that an overall business process may span two or more organisations. The interaction points can selectively expose information about the processes and process tasks of an organisation. This paper also shows how these ideas can be supported by a coordinating architecture and describes a prototype that implements the key ideas. The proposed architecture that supports inter-organisational business processes was initially validated in the Vega final demonstration that brought together six different companies in a virtual enterprise. The implementation built upon OMG's Workflow Management Facility Specification concept for inter-workflow management interfaces, incorporated existing workflow management systems, including SAP R/3, and also non-process-oriented systems. Available services were selected at run time according to their capabilities and their availability. Experience from the demonstration with all the involved components showed a dynamic linkage between existing business processes and reliable communication between the business partners.
The potential of youth workers as facilitators of values formation and development. (2008)

Youth workers everywhere are engaged in a daily revolution to facilitate change within young people, often with limited resources, support and infrastructure. They do this work through the developmental relationships that they form with their young clients. However, to achieve their goals and reap the rewards of their efforts, youth workers must be effective agents of change. The focus of this article is to further understand the notion of youth workers as change agents, in the context of developing values among the young people with whom they work. The role of values in youth work, the formation and development of values in youth, transformative learning approaches, the steps in experiential learning and youth-work pedagogies that use models of how youth learn are also discussed. With the increasing demands on youth workers to facilitate change in the lives of their young clients, these groups need professional training and education to prepare them to do the critical work of youth development.
Reconstruction of surfaces from planar contours (1995)

This dissertation is concerned with the problem of reconstructing the surfaces of three-dimensional objects from a collection of planar contours representing cross sections through the objects. This problem has important applications in diverse fields, including bio-medical research and instruction, solid modeling, geology, archaeology, oceanography and industrial inspection.
The problem can be broken into four subproblems, the correspondence problem, the tiling problem, the branching problem, and the surface fitting problem. This dissertation is concerned with improving the quality of automated solutions to the tiling and branching problems.
A new method for solving the tiling problem is developed that makes use of multiresolution analysis to improve performance of an optimizing tiling algorithm both in terms of execution time and space requirement. The method computes an optimized tiling at low resolution, then adds detail to the low resolution tiling by alternating between adding wavelet coefficients and local optimization until the original resolution has been reached. By halting the reconstruction before reaching the original resolution, the method also provides an efficient and effective way to reduce the number of vertices used to represent a contour, with savings in the time required to display a reconstruction and in the space required to store it, all with minimum loss of detail.
A new method for solving the branching problem is also developed. It makes use of the medial axis transformation to classify branches into one of three types. The strategy used for constructing a solution to the branching problem is different for each of the classes. Depending on branch class, post-branch contours are merged to form composite contours or pre-branch contours are split into sub-contours, establishing a one-to-one correspondence of contours between sections, so that a standard tiling algorithm can be used. The new method considers the shapes of the pre-branch and post-branch contours when modification are made. Previous methods generally have not considered contour shape when forming composites, and the results have often been of poor quality. The new method is a significant improvement over previously available methods.
Polymeric Phospholipid Analogs. XXIV. Polymeric Phospholipid Analogs with Uridine Units (1988)

Abstract Since phospholipids are of considerable interest as essential components of biological membranes [1, 2], it has seemed promising to investigate the behavior of polymeric phospholipid analogs. For over 10 years, a large part of our efforts has been to prepare polymers containing phosphatidylethanolamine [3, 4] or choline [5–7] analogs in the side chains and phosphatidylcholine analogs [8–10] in the main chains. A part of this programs was to synthesize polymeric phospholipid analogs containing nucleosides [11, 12], e.g., uridine, as in the work reported here.
The Dark Energy Survey (2010)

The discovery that the universe is accelerating, not slowing down from the mass it contains, is the surprise that sets the initial research program of 21st Century cosmology. The Dark Energy Survey is a next generation sky survey aimed directly at understanding this mystery. We will build an extremely red sensitive 500 Megapixel camera, with a 1 meter diameter, 2.2 degree field of view prime focus corrector, and a data acquisition system fast enough to take images in 17 seconds. The cage containing the system mounts at the prime focus of the Blanco 4-meter telescope at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory (CTIO) in Chile. Over 5 years we will use 30% of the available time on the telescope to pursue a high precision multi-bandpass wide area survey, designed to produce photometric redshifts from 0.2 < z < 1.3. The survey g,r,i,z,Y data will cover 5000 sq-degrees, with 4000 sq-degrees overlapping the Sunyaev-Zeldovich CMB survey being conducted by the South Pole Telescope. Our 4 science goals aim at extracting cosmological information on the dark energy from 1) cluster counting and spatial distribution of clusters at 0.1 < z < 1.3, 2) the shifting of the galaxy spatial angular power spectra with redshift, 3) weak gravitational lensing measurements on several redshift shells to z 1, and 4) 2000 type Ia supernovae at 0.3 < z < 0.8. The signature of dark energy being a cosmological constant is that the dark energy density remains constant while the universe expands; technically that w=-1 and that dw/dt = 0. We aim at a 5%-15% precision measurement in w from each of our experiments, and a 30% measurement in w'. Combined, they provide both stronger constraints and a check on systematic errors.
Optimized Spline-Profile Smooth-Walled Tri-Band 20/30/44-GHz Horns (2007)

A smooth-walled spline-profile approach has been used to design two examples of easily constructed tri-band 20/30/44 GHz horns. Surprisingly good results were obtained with such a simple configuration. The radiation patterns of the horns have low sidelobes and acceptable cross-polarization levels within each band for application to a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) mobile antenna link.
Broad bandwidth frequency domain instrument for quantitative tissue optical spectroscopy (2000)

Near-infrared (NIR) optical properties of turbid media, e.g., tissue, can be accurately quantified noninvasively using methods based on diffuse reflectance or transmittance, such as frequency domain photon migration (FDPM). Factors which govern the accuracy and sensitivity of FDPM-measured optical properties include instrument performance, the light propagation model, and fitting algorithms used to calculate optical properties from measured data. In this article, we characterize instrument, model, and fitting uncertaintics of an FDPM system designed for clinical use and investigate how each of these factors affects the quantification of NIR absorption (μa) and reduced scattering (μs′) parameters in tissue phantoms. The instrument is based on a 500 MHz, multiwavelength platform that sweeps through 201 discrete frequencies in as little as 675 ms. Phase and amplitude of intensity modulated light launched into tissue, i.e., diffuse photon density waves (PDW), are measured with an accuracy of ±0.30° and ±3.5%, while phase and amplitude precision are ±0.025° and ±0.20%, respectively. At this level of instrument uncertainty, simultaneous fitting of frequency-dependent phase and amplitude nonlinear model functions derived from a photon diffusion approximation provides an accurate and robust strategy for determining optical properties from FDPM data, especially for media with high absorption. In an optical property range that is characteristic of most human tissues in the NIR (5×10−3&lt;μa&lt;5×10−2 mm−1, 0.5&lt;μs′&lt;2 mm−1), we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that the multifrequency, simultaneous-fit approach allows μa and μs′ to be quantified with an accuracy of ±5% and ±3%, respectively. Although exceptionally high levels of precision can be obtained using this approach (&lt;1% of the estimated absorption and scattering values), we show that the absolute accuracy of optical property measurements is highly dependent on specific factors associated with instrument performance, model function relevance, and details of the fitting strategy used to calculate μa and μs′.