gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An MRF based abnormal event detection approach using motion and appearance features (2014)

Abnormal event detection has attracted a lot of attention in the computer vision research community during recent years due to the increased focus on automated surveillance systems to improve security in public places. Due to the scarcity of training data and the definition of an abnormality being dependent on context, abnormal event detection is generally formulated as a data-driven approach where activities are modeled in an unsupervised fashion during the training phase. In this work, we use a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to cluster the activities during the training phase, and propose a Gaussian mixture model based Markov random field (GMM-MRF) to estimate the likelihood scores of new videos in the testing phase. Further-more, we propose two new features: optical acceleration, and the histogram of optical flow gradients; to detect the presence of any abnormal objects and speed violations in the scene. We show that our proposed method outperforms other state of the art abnormal event detection algorithms on publicly available UCSD dataset.
[Surgical anatomy and preservation of the accessory nerve in radical functional neck dissection]. (2003)

Looking for accessory nerve under the upper portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and above the middle point of the muscle posterior border is simple and safe. The point of the great auricular nerve going out the muscle is an important indicator for finding the accessory nerve.
Flow Rate Estimation of Downhole Leaks Using Acoustic Sensor Array (2016)

Abstract Well integrity is becoming a key area of focus for most operators during the entire well life cycle. Acoustic conformance-monitoring systems have been developed to detect undesired leaks in terms of depth and radial location and to estimate leak flow rates, enabling operators to assess the severity of the leak and to plan remedial action. If the leak flow rate were substantial based on a given threshold, the remedial action would be scheduled with high priority; otherwise, repair work would be deferred to a suitable maintenance time. This paper presents a systematic statistical methodology to estimate leak flow rates using data acquired by an acoustic sensor array. The first stage of this methodology is data-level fusion through the beamforming technique, in which all signals acquired by an array of acoustic sensors are fused into a new signal. The second stage consists of feature-level fusion, in which representative and distinct features are extracted from the fused signal to construct the feature space. The third stage is decision-making, in which a statistical model is fitted in the feature space and then used to estimate flow rates in the sense of probability. A series of experiments was conducted in which a variety of leak flow rates were simulated with various combinations of orifice sizes and differential pressures in various leak scenarios. A low-dimension, third-order logistic regression model was demonstrated that can be fitted to the data and used to effectively separate small/large flow rates (90.0% specificity and 91.7% sensitivity).
Full three-dimensional reconstruction using key-frame selection under circular motion (2008)

Fundamental-matrix and key-frame selection constitute one of the most important techniques for full 3-D reconstruction of objects from turntable sequences. This paper proposes the new methods for these selection problems in 3-D reconstruction from uncalibrated sequences taken with a turntable and the Fotonovo camera system. Also, we propose a projection-matrix refinement for accurate full 3-D reconstruction. Our approach utilizes single-axis motion. To evaluate the fundamental matrix, camera calibration and 3-D registration are generally needed. Our main contribution is a method for robustly determining the corresponding points between two images, and for accurately filling gaps in a sparse object so as to make surface reconstruction tractable. We do not need all frames, but only few pairs of images (key frames). The key-frame selection has the advantage in camera pose estimation and 3-D scene reconstruction of reducing the computational costs. Experimental results on real image sequences demonstrate accurate object reconstructions and robustness of the proposed methods.
[Comparison of HIV-associated dyshemopoiesis in myelodysplastic HIV-negative patients]. (1990)

Bone marrow biopsies of 23 HIV-1 infected patients and 29 patients with myelodysplastic disorders were examined histologically by immuno- and enzyme-histochemical techniques and morphometrical methods. The nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) were demonstrated and visually counted. Hypercellularity in marrows of AIDS patients is substantially caused by an increase of erythropoiesis and CD68+ macrophages/reticular cells. However, hypercellularity in preleukemia results from hyperplasia of all hematological cell lines and CD68+ bone marrow macrophages/reticular cells. AgNOR count is positively correlated with granulo- and erythropoiesis in preleukemia. In AIDS there is such a positive correlation between AgNOR count and granulopoiesis whereas an inverse relationship appears in erythropoiesis. The results suggest that HIV-associated bone marrow alterations differ from merely reactive changes and are related to myelodysplastic disorders.
Cell cycle control processes determine cytostasis or cytotoxicity in thymineless death of colon cancer cells. (1994)

Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target of critical importance to the survival of human colon cancer cells since, upon inhibition, cells subsequently undergo thymineless death induced by dTTP deficiency. Using genetically marked mutants deficient in TS (TS-) and a derived population (Thy4) that is resistant to commitment to thymineless death, resistance was conferred by the ability of cells to arrest at a point either in late G1 or at the onset of S induced by dThd deprivation. Thus, Thy4 cells initially synchronized in G0 by leucine deprivation and released in the absence of dThd remained viable at 5 days, demonstrated delayed onset of nucleosomal ladder formation, and retained clonogenic potential (cytostatic response). In contrast, TS- and asynchronous Thy4 cells lost 50% clonogenic potential in 65 h and > 90% in 5 days (cytotoxic response). [3H]DNA precursor studies indicated failure of synchronized Thy4 but not TS- cells to progress through S, with arrest of Thy4 close to the G1/S boundary. Cell cycle control processes including: (a) the locus of dThd deprivation in G1; and (b) a potential checkpoint close to the G1/S border, may dictate whether consequences of dThd or dTTP restriction become cytostatic or cytotoxic.
Looking behind bezels (2012)

Using tiled monitors to build wall-sized displays has multiple advantages: higher pixel density, simpler setup and easier calibration. However, the resulting display walls suffer from the visual discontinuity caused by the bezels that frame each monitor. To avoid introducing distortion, the image has to be rendered as if some pixels were drawn behind the bezels. In turn, this raises the issue that a non-negligible part of the rendered image, that might contain important information, is visually occluded. We propose to draw upon the analogy to french windows that is often used to describe this approach, and make the display really behave as if the visualization were observed through a french window. We present and evaluate two interaction techniques that let users reveal content hidden behind bezels. ePan enables users to offset the entire image through explicit touch gestures. GridScape adopts a more implicit approach: it makes the grid formed by bezels act like a true french window using head tracking to simulate motion parallax, adapting to users' physical movements in front of the display. The two techniques work for both single- and multiple-user contexts.
Safe-threads: a new model for object-oriented multi-threaded languages (2003)

Threads have been present in programming languages for some time now. However, they have a bad image among software developers because they lead to unreliable applications. Most of the problems are produced by unexpected critical sections, which are very difficult to find. Little research has been done recently to increase the safety of thread programming. We present a novel model of concurrent threads for object oriented languages which are called safe-threads. We claim safe-threads are a major improvement over traditional threads because first, safe-threads are safe from critical section problems, and second, they are location transparent on a distributed system. The main characteristics of our model are that static variables are not shared among safe-threads and that the objects must provide an explicit interface to be shared. We also outline how the model could be implemented in Java.
Competing in the Global Solar Photovoltaic Industry: The Case of Taiwan (2013)

The top five solar cell supply countries in the world in sequential order are China, Taiwan, the United States of America, Japan, and Germany. The capacity of Taiwanese solar cell production is ranked top two in the globe. The competitive advantage of the Taiwanese electronics firms has facilitated the rapid developments to its solar photovoltaic industry. The Taiwanese solar photovoltaic industry possesses a large size and a complete value chain of upstream, midstream, and downstream sectors. In this study, I analyzed the trends and developments of the solar photovoltaic industry in Taiwan and in the globe. And I also investigated the positioning and competitive advantage of Taiwanese firms in the value chain of the global solar photovoltaic industry. I found that Taiwanese firms continue to have an important and indispensable role in the global solar photovoltaic industry by either differentiation or cost advantage.
Polypeptide sequences involved in the cleavage of DNA by the restriction endonuclease EcoRI. (1986)

We have prepared a variety of fragments of the restriction endonuclease EcoRI by partial or total CNBr or acid cleavage of the protein. These fragments were isolated by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. They were analyzed in a qualitative manner for phosphodiesterase activity. Antibodies against these fragments were elicited in rats and tested for binding to native EcoRI in an enzyme-linked immunoassay. We conclude from these experiments that the DNA binding site of EcoRI is located in the COOH-terminal half of the molecule, close to and probably comprising amino acid residues 137 to 157. This conclusion is reinforced by the observation that this sequence shows homology to the sequences of the recognition helix of other gene-regulatory proteins.
A 4-mm<sup>2</sup>180-nm-CMOS 15-Giga-cell-updates-per-second DNA sequence alignment engine based on asynchronous race conditions (2017)

We have fabricated and successfully tested, for the first time, a prototype chip of a Race Logic computing paradigm, which makes positive use of race conditions for accelerating a broad class of optimization problems, such as ones solved by dynamic programming algorithms. In Race Logic, information is encoded in signal propagation delay, rather than conventional logic levels, and the result of the computation is observed from relative timing differences between injected signals, i.e. the outcome of races. The 2×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> chip, fabricated in standard 180nm CMOS technology, is designed to perform real-world DNA sequence alignment. Measurement results on typical benchmark data show 15 GCUPS sustained throughput at 70 mW power consumption, with only ~ 15 mW spent for actual computation. These numbers compare very favorably with the state-of-the-art implementations.
Experimental Demonstration of 16-QAM Transmission with a Single Dual-Drive Mach-Zehnder Modulator (2011)

10-Gbit/s 16-QAM transmission over 160 km with a single dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator was experimentally demonstrated. We achieved BER<10−9 in a BtB condition and <10−7 after the transmission. Electronic pre-equalization was employed to suppress signal distortion.
Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs): A novel and versatile method for enzyme immobilization (a review) (2005)

The key to obtaining optimum performance of an enzyme is often a question of devising an effective method for its immobilization. This review describes a novel, versatile and effective methodology for enzyme immobilization, namely, as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The method is exquisitely simple – involving precipitation of the enzyme from aqueous buffer followed by cross-linking of the resulting physical aggregates of enzyme molecules – and amenable to rapid optimization. It is applicable to a wide variety of enzymes, including cofactor-dependent oxidoreductases and lyases, and affords stable, recyclable catalysts with high retention of activity, sometimes higher than that of the free enzyme it was derived from. The enzyme does not need to be of high purity. Indeed, the methodology is essentially a combination of purification and immobilization in one step. The technique is also applicable to the preparation of combi-CLEAs, containing two or more enzymes, for use in one-pot, multi-step syntheses. For example, an oxynitrilase/nitrilase combi-CLEA was used for the one-pot synthesis of (S)-mandelic acid from benzaldehyde, in high yield and enantiomeric purity.
Scalability issues in distributed and parallel databases (1996)

Scalability is an issue of concern in building distributed and parallel database systems because of increasing amounts of data, and complexity and volume of interaction with the database system. Ensuring scalability of a system requires identifying potential bottlenecks and eliminating these bottlenecks. This thesis addresses the issue of scalability of database systems based on the two paradigms of the Client-Server architecture--function-shipping and data-shipping.
In the function-shipping paradigm, clients ship all database requests to the servers for execution. Hence, the scalability of the system is dictated by that of the servers. We have developed a scalable sharing architecture that combines the resource scalability of a shared-nothing system and the utilization scalability of a shared-everything system. The scalable sharing architecture uses a multiprocessor that supports shared virtual memory, and uses a simple partitioning scheme to partition data among the nodes. Thus, the database system behaves as a shared nothing system except when load imbalances occur, whereupon sub-queries scheduled on heavily loaded nodes are moved and processed on lightly loaded nodes using the shared virtual memory.
Additionally, we have developed a transactional memory-mapped storage manager that allows the scalable sharing architecture to exploit the memory resources through the shared virtual memory, thus improving performance by reducing the amount of disk I/O required.
In the data-shipping paradigm, clients request data for local processing, whereas servers provide persistence and ensure transactional consistency. The scalability of the system is dictated by the amount of inter-node communication. In order to reduce the amount of communication we exploit the difference in access semantics between data and index pages. We have developed a protocol for index access that relaxes the coherence requirements for indexes. The protocol maintains the coherence of index pages when concurrency control operations are performed on data pages thus significantly reducing the communication and coherence activity in the system and making the system more scalable.
The key contributions of this thesis are the identification of scalability bottlenecks in Client-Server databases, the development of the scalable sharing architecture, the memory-mapped storage manager for the scalable sharing architecture, and the relaxed index consistency protocol.
Design and Evaluation of a Novel Fixation Mechanism for a Transcatheter Pacemaker (2015)

This fixation technology provides a novel solution to enable the attachment of a transcatheter pacemaker directly within the heart.
Real-time deferrable load control (2013)

Real-time demand response is essential for handling the uncertainties of renewable generation. Traditionally, demand response has been focused on large industrial and commercial loads, however it is expected that a large number of small residential loads such as air conditioners, dish washers, and electric vehicles will also participate in the coming years. The electricity consumption of these smaller loads, which we call deferrable loads, can be shifted over time, and thus be used (in aggregate) to compensate for the random fluctuations in renewable generation. In this paper, we propose a real-time distributed deferrable load control algorithm to reduce the variance of aggregate load (load minus renewable generation) by shifting the power consumption of deferrable loads to periods with high renewable generation. At every time step, the algorithm minimizes the expected variance to go with updated predictions. We prove that suboptimality of the algorithm vanishes as time horizon expands. Further, we evaluate the algorithm via trace-based simulations.
Distribution of RF energy emitted by mobile phones in anatomical structures of the brain (2008)

The rapid worldwide increase in mobile phone use in the last decade has generated considerable interest in possible carcinogenic effects of radio frequency (RF). Because exposure to RF from phones is localized, if a risk exists it is likely to be greatest for tumours in regions with greatest energy absorption. The objective of the current paper was to characterize the spatial distribution of RF energy in the brain, using results of measurements made in two laboratories on 110 phones used in Europe or Japan. Most (97-99% depending on frequency) appears to be absorbed in the brain hemisphere on the side where the phone is used, mainly (50-60%) in the temporal lobe. The average relative SAR is highest in the temporal lobe (6-15%, depending on frequency, of the spatial peak SAR in the most exposed region of the brain) and the cerebellum (2-10%) and decreases very rapidly with increasing depth, particularly at higher frequencies. The SAR distribution appears to be fairly similar across phone models, between older and newer phones and between phones with different antenna types and positions. Analyses of risk by location of tumour are therefore important for the interpretation of results of studies of brain tumours in relation to mobile phone use.
Empathy in medical education: Can 'kindness' be taught, learned and assessed? (2020)

Empathy is considered a core element of professionalism in medicine in the era of patient-centred care. Physicians with higher levels of empathy have greater clinical competence and deliver improved physician empathetic communication resulting in better patient outcomes. Empathy contributes to patient compliance, patient enablement and clinical outcomes. Studies done across the world have pointed to a decline in the empathy levels among health professional students as they progress through undergraduate education and training. Medical curricula should provide ample opportunity for students to develop empathy and display-related attributes such as emotional intelligence and self-esteem. Curriculum reform in medicine is needed to enable mandatory training to teach and inculcate these attributes to help physicians have better patient interactions and ultimately improve the quality of care.
Condensation Reaction of Degraded Lignocellulose during Wood Liquefaction in the Presence of PolyhydricAlcohols (2001)

木粉やセルロース等のリグノセルロース系物質を酸触媒存在下，平均分子量400のボリエチレングリコール（PEG400）等のポリヒドリックアルコール類を用いて液化した。PEG400を用いた木材液化の場合，液化が進行すると縮合残渣が形成された。この種の縮合残渣は木材液化と同じ反応条件におけるセルロースの液化反応においても形成された。これらの結果は木材液化反応条件においては，縮合可能なリグニンを持たないセルロース自身も縮合残渣を生ずることを示している。この縮合はPEGとグリセリンの混合液化試薬を用いることで回避することができる。セルロースの液化反応で生じた縮合残渣は5‐ヒドロキシメチルフルフラール（HMF）を用いたモデル実験で生じた縮合残渣と極めて類似したIRスペクトルを示した。これらの結果はセルロースの分解と分解物の縮合のメカニズムは以下の行程を経るとことを示唆している。まずセルロースが分解しグルコシド類を生じる。次にグルコシドは中間体としてHMF派生物に変換される。このHMF派生物はさらに分解してギ酸エステルを放出し，レブリネートを生じる。その一方で，HMF派生物は縮合残渣を形成するポリマーを生じるようにも変換される。
Catastrophic interference in connectionist networks: Can It Be predicted, can It be prevented? (1993)

Catastrophic forgetting occurs when connectionist networks learn new information, and by so doing, forget all previously learned information. This workshop focused primarily on the causes of catastrophic interference, the techniques that have been developed to reduce it, the effect of these techniques on the networks' ability to generalize, and the degree to which prediction of catastrophic forgetting is possible. The speakers were Robert French, Phil Hetherington (Psychology Department, McGill University, het@blaise.psych.mcgill.ca), and Stephan Lewandowsky (Psychology Department, University of Oklahoma, lewan@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu).
Necrosis Induction in Glioblastoma Cells Reveals a New “Bioswitch” Function for the MT1-MMP/G6PT Signaling Axis in proMMP-2 Activation versus Cell Death Decision (2007)

Cytoskeleton disorganization is an early step in the activation process of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) by membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP) but is also associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction and subsequent cell death. Given evidence that the ER-embedded glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT) regulates glioblastoma cell survival and that MT1-MMP is a key enzyme in the cancer cell invasive phenotype, we explored the molecular link between G6PT and MT1-MMP. Cytoskeleton-disrupting agents such as concanavalin A (ConA) and cytochalasin D triggered proMMP-2 activation and cell death in U87 glioma cells. ConA decreased G6PT gene expression, an event that was also observed in cells overexpressing the full-length recombinant MT1-MMP protein. Overexpression of a membrane-bound catalytically active but cytoplasmic domain-deleted MT1-MMP was unable to downregulate G6PT gene expression or to trigger necrosis. Gene silencing of MT1-MMP with small interfering RNA prevented proMMP-2 activation and induced G6PT gene expression. ConA inhibited Akt phosphorylation, whereas overexpression of recombinant G6PT rescued the cells from ConA-induced proMMP-2 activation and increased Akt phosphorylation. Altogether, new functions of MT1-MMP in cell death signaling may be linked to those of G6PT. Our study indicates a molecular signaling axis regulating the invasive phenotype of brain tumor cells and highlights a new "bioswitch" function for G6PT in cell survival.