gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering craniofacial scaffolds (2005)

Integrated image-based design and solid free-form fabrication can create scaffolds that attain desired elasticity and permeability while fitting any 3D craniofacial defect. The scaffolds could be manufactured from degradable polymers, calcium phosphate ceramics and titanium. The designed scaffolds supported significant bone regeneration for all pore sizes ranging from 300 to 1200 microns. These results suggest that designed scaffolds are clinically applicable for complex craniofacial reconstruction.
A colorimetric method for the standardization of heparin preparations (1941)

Research Article| July 01 1941 A colorimetric method for the standardization of heparin preparations F. C. MacIntosh F. C. MacIntosh 1The National Institute for Medical Research, Hampstead, London, N.W. 3 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1941) 35 (7): 776–782. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0350776 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation F. C. MacIntosh; A colorimetric method for the standardization of heparin preparations. Biochem J 1 July 1941; 35 (7): 776–782. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0350776 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1941 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1941 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Real-time objective quality assessment based on coding parameters extracted from H.264/AVC bitstream (2010)

In this paper, we propose a new method for objective video quality assessment from coding parameters of an H.264/AVC bitstream as a hybrid/bitstream category. Conventional image and video quality assessment methods evaluate image or video quality using a degraded video or image after fully decoding it. On the other hand, the proposed method assesses video quality not with reconstructed videos but using coding parameters extracted from a bitstream. The parameters can be easily extracted while decoding the H.264/AVC bitstream. To assess video quality, the proposed algorithm is based on statistics of boundary strengths (BS), quantization parameters (QP), and average bitrates. Accuracy of the proposed method is 9.7% higher than those of the conventional algorithms in terms of Pearson correlation. Furthermore, the proposed method has significantly lower computational complexity than the conventional methods.
Hafnium aluminum oxide as charge storage and blocking-oxide layers in SONOS-type nonvolatile memory for high-speed operation (2006)

The charge storage and program/erase mechanisms in polysilicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory structures with charge-storage layers of different materials are investigated in this paper. In particular, the use of a HfAlO charge-storage layer in a SONOS-type memory structure is proposed. Compared to other high-/spl kappa/ charge-storage layers, HfAlO has the advantage of high-speed program/erase of HfO/sub 2/ as well as the good charge-retention time of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, which makes HfAlO a promising candidate for the charge-storage layer in a SONOS-type memory. The use of HfAlO with different HfO/sub 2/ and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ compositions as a blocking-oxide layer in SONOS-type structures is also investigated.
Adobe Acrobat 7 in a Snap (Sams Teach Yourself) (2005)

Adobe PDF is the emerging workflow standard in the publishing, financial services, regulated and government industries, but learning all that Adobe Acrobat is capable of can take more time than most employees in these industries can spare. That's where Adobe Acrobat in a Snap comes in. The author will walk you through more than 80 short tasks that are designed to teach you what you need to know and let you get back to work and apply your new skills. You'll cover everything from the basic concepts of creating and editing PDFs to the more advanced concepts such as Acrobat Distiller and third party plug-ins in this clear and concise tutorial.
Thermoelectric properties of Bi2Sr2Co2Ox polycrystalline materials (2000)

Bi 2 Sr 2 Co 2 O 9 (BC-2202) polycrystalline materials with a layered structure have been prepared by partial melting. The chemical compositions of the samples are Bi2Sr2Co2Ox (2202), Bi1.8Sr2Co2Ox (Bi-1.8), and Bi2Sr1.8Co2Ox (Sr-1.8). All three samples are p-type conductors. The electric properties, namely, the Seebeck coefficient (S) and electric resistivity (ρ), of the samples are dependent on chemical composition. The S values increase with temperature at T&gt;673 K and, at 973 K, reach 100, 110, and 150 μV K−1 for the 2202, the Bi-1.8, and the Sr-1.8 samples, respectively. Thermal conductivity (κ) for all samples is lower than for ordinary conducting oxides. The figure of merit (Z) increases with temperature for all samples. Z values at 973 K are 0.77×10−4, 0.61×10−4, and 2.0×10−4 K−1 for the 2202, Bi-1.8, and Sr-1.8 samples, respectively. The thermoelectric properties depend on the chemical composition of the BC-2202 phase. The BC-2202 material thus appears to be a promising thermoelectric material due to its high performance at high temperature (∼1000 K).
Polycystic kidney disease in a family of Persian cats (1990)

A 6-year-old Persian cat was determined to have polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Because of 3 previous clinical reports of PKD in Persian cats, the offspring were examined by use of ultrasonography, which provided evidence of PKD in 3 of the 4 offspring. Because of the genetic transmission of this disease, breeders should be advised not to breed PKD-positive Persian cats.
Spike-timing dependent plasticity in the striatum (2010)

The striatum is the major input nucleus of basal ganglia, an ensemble of interconnected sub-cortical nuclei associated with fundamental processes of action-selection and procedural learning and memory. The striatum receives afferents from the cerebral cortex and the thalamus. In turn, it relays the integrated information towards the basal ganglia output nuclei through which it operates a selected activation of behavioral effectors. The striatal output neurons, the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), are in charge of the detection and integration of behaviorally relevant information. This property confers to the striatum the ability to extract relevant information from the background noise and select cognitive-motor sequences adapted to environmental stimuli. As long-term synaptic efficacy changes are believed to underlie learning and memory, the corticostriatal long-term plasticity provides a fundamental mechanism for the function of the basal ganglia in procedural learning. Here, we reviewed the different forms of spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) occurring at corticostriatal synapses. Most of the studies have focused on MSNs and their ability to develop long-term plasticity. Nevertheless, the striatal interneurons (the fast-spiking GABAergic, NO-synthase and cholinergic interneurons) also receive monosynaptic afferents from the cortex and tightly regulated corticostriatal information processing. Therefore, it is important to take into account the variety of striatal neurons to fully understand the ability of striatum to develop long-term plasticity. Corticostriatal STDP with various spike-timing dependence have been observed depending on the neuronal sub-populations and experimental conditions. This complexity highlights the extraordinary potentiality in term of plasticity of the corticostriatal pathway.
Geometric and photometric restoration of distorted documents (2005)

We present a system to restore the 2D content printed on distorted documents. Our system works by acquiring a 3D scan of the document's surface together with a high-resolution image. Using the 3D surface information and the 2D image, we can ameliorate unwanted surface distortion and effects from non-uniform illumination. Our system can process arbitrary geometric distortions, not requiring any pre-assumed parametric models for the document's geometry. The illumination correction uses the 3D shape to distinguish content edges from illumination edges to recover the 2D content's reflectance image while making no assumptions about light sources and their positions. Results are shown for real objects, demonstrating a complete framework capable of restoring geometric and photometric artifacts on distorted documents
Towards a Feature Rich Model for Predicting Spam Emails containing Malicious Attachments and URLs (2014)

Malicious content in spam emails is increasing in the form of attachments and URLs. Malicious attachments and URLs attempt to deliver software that can compromise the security of a computer. These malicious attachments also try to disguise their content to avoid virus scanners used by most email services to screen for such risks. Malicious URLs add another layer of disguise, where the email content tries to entice the recipient to click on a URL that links to a malicious Web site or downloads a malicious attachment. In this paper, based on two real world data sets we present our preliminary research on predicting the kind of spam email most likely to contain these highly dangerous spam emails. We propose a rich set of features for the content of emails to capture regularities in emails containing malicious content. We show these features can predict malicious attachments within an area under the precious recall curve (AUC-PR) up to 95.2%, and up to 68.1% for URLs. Our work can help reduce reliance on virus scanners and URL blacklists, which often do not update as quickly as the malicious content it attempts to identify. Such methods could reduce the many different resources now needed to identify malicious content.
The Polymerization of Some Bulky Spirooxetanes (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Polymerization of Some Bulky SpirooxetanesTOD W. CAMPBELL and VERONIKA S. FOLDICite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 11, 4654–4658Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01069a110https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01069a110research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expressing Human State via Parameterized Haptic Feedback for Mobile Remote Implicit Communication (2016)

As part of a mobile remote implicit communication system, we use vibrotactile patterns to convey background information between two people on an ongoing basis. Unlike systems that use memorized tactons (haptic icons), we focus on methods for translating parameters of a user's state (e.g., activity level, distance, physiological state) into dynamically created patterns that summarize the state over a brief time interval. We describe the vibration pattern used in our current user study to summarize a partner's activity, as well as preliminary findings. Further, we propose additional possibilities for enriching the information content.
Cholesterol Efflux Alters Lipid Raft Stability and Distribution During Capacitation of Boar Spermatozoa1 (2004)

A reduction in plasma membrane cholesterol is one of the early events that either triggers or is closely associated with capacitation of mammalian spermatozoa. In this investigation, we have examined the effects of cholesterol efflux on tyrosine phosphorylation, lipid diffusion, and raft organization in boar spermatozoa. Results show that a low level of cholesterol efflux, mediated by 5 mM methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD), enhances capacitation and induces phosphorylation of two proteins at 26 and 15 kDa without affecting sperm viability. Lipid diffusion rates under these conditions are largely unaffected except when cholesterol efflux is excessive. Low-density Triton X100-insoluble complexes (lipid rafts) were isolated from spermatozoa and found to have a restricted profile of proteins. Capacitation-associated cholesterol efflux has no effect on raft composition, but cholesterol depletion destabilizes them completely and phosphorylation is suppressed. During MBCD-mediated capacitation, the distribution of GM1 gangliosides on spermatozoa changes in a sequential manner from overlying the sperm tail to clustering on the sperm head. It is concluded that there is a safe window for removal of plasma membrane cholesterol from spermatozoa within which protein phosphorylation and polarized migration of lipid rafts take place. A preferential loss of cholesterol from the nonraft pool may be the stimulus that promotes raft clustering over the anterior sperm head.
Pacific freshening drives Pliocene cooling and Asian monsoon intensification (2015)

The monsoon is a fundamental component of Earth's climate. The Pliocene warm period is characterized by long-term global cooling yet concurrent monsoon dynamics are poorly known. Here we present the first fully quantified and calibrated reconstructions of separate Pliocene air temperature and East Asian summer monsoon precipitation histories on the Chinese Loess Plateau through joint analysis of loess/red clay magnetic parameters with different sensitivities to air temperature and precipitation. East Asian summer monsoon precipitation shows an intensified trend, paradoxically at the same time that climate cooled. We propose a hitherto unrecognized feedback where persistently intensified East Asian summer monsoon during the late Pliocene, triggered by the gradual closure of the Panama Seaway, reinforced late Pliocene Pacific freshening, sea-ice development and ice volume increase, culminating in initiation of the extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciations of the Quaternary Ice Age. This feedback mechanism represents a fundamental reinterpretation of the origin of the Quaternary glaciations and the impact of the monsoon.
Endothelium-dependent regulation of vascular tone of the porcine ophthalmic artery. (1991)

The endothelium produces relaxing and contracting substances, among them nitric oxide and endothelin. The role of the endothelium was investigated in the regulation of vascular tone in isolated porcine ophthalmic arteries suspended in a myograph system for isometric tension recording. In quiescent arteries with endothelium, the inhibitor of nitric oxide formation from L-arginine, L-NG-monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA), evoked endothelium-dependent contractions which were reversed by L-, but not D-arginine. In arteries contracted with serotonin, bradykinin evoked potent endothelium-dependent relaxations; L-NMMA markedly reduced the sensitivity but not the maximal response. Acetylcholine caused relaxations in preparations with endothelium but contractions in those without endothelium; L-NMMA prevented the relaxations and unmasked the contractions. The relaxations to the nitrovasodilator SIN-1 were more pronounced in preparations without than with endothelium. In quiescent arteries, quick stretching evoked endothelium-dependent contractions which were prevented by indomethacin. Endothelin-1, serotonin, and norepinephrine evoked concentration-dependent contractions with pD2 values of 8.1 +/- 0.1, 6.9 +/- 0.1, and 5.9 +/- 0.1, respectively. Removal of the endothelium markedly augmented the contractions induced by serotonin but not endothelin and norepinephrine. Thus, the endothelium profoundly affects vascular tone of the porcine ophthalmic artery. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide is released both under basal conditions and after stimulation with acetylcholine and bradykinin. It may play an important protective role in the circulation against vasospasm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Robots are people too: how Siri, Google Car, and artificial intelligence will force us to change our laws (2014)

For years, robots were solely a matter of science fiction. Today, artificial intelligence technologies serve to accelerate our already fast-paced lives even further. From Apple's Siri to the Google Car to GPS, machines and technologies that make decisions and take action without direct human supervision have become commonplace in our daily lives. As a result, laws must be amended to protect companies that produce robots and the people that buy and use them. This book provides an extensive examination of how numerous legal areasincluding liability, traffic, zoning, and international and constitutional lawmust adapt to the widespread use of artificial intelligence in nearly every area of our society. The author scrutinizes the laws governing such fields as transportation, medicine, law enforcement, childcare, and real estate development.
Non‐Volatile ReRAM Devices Based on Self‐Assembled Multilayers of Modified Graphene Oxide 2D Nanosheets (2016)

2D nanomaterials have been actively utilized in non-volatile resistive switching random access memory (ReRAM) devices due to their high flexibility, 3D-stacking capability, simple structure, transparency, easy fabrication, and low cost. Herein, it demonstrates re-writable, bistable, transparent, and flexible solution-processed crossbar ReRAM devices utilizing graphene oxide (GO) based multilayers as active dielectric layers. The devices employ single- or multi-component-based multilayers composed of positively charged GO (N-GO(+) or NS-GO(+)) with/without negatively charged GO(-) using layer-by-layer assembly method, sandwiched between Al bottom and Au top electrodes. The device based on the multi-component active layer Au/[N-GO(+)/GO(-)]<sub>n</sub> /Al/PES shows higher ON/OFF ratio of ≈10<sup>5</sup> with switching voltage of -1.9 V and higher retention stability (≈10<sup>4</sup> s), whereas the device based on single component (Au/[N-GO(+)]<sub>n</sub> /Al/PES) shows ≈10<sup>3</sup> ON/OFF ratio at ±3.5 V switching voltage. The superior ReRAM properties of the multi-component-based device are attributed to a higher coating surface roughness. The Au/[N-GO(+)/GO(-)]<sub>n</sub> /Al/PES device prepared from lower GO concentration (0.01%) exhibits higher ON/OFF ratio (≈10<sup>9</sup> ) at switching voltage of ±2.0 V. However, better stability is achieved by increasing the concentration from 0.01% to 0.05% of all GO-based solutions. It is found that the devices containing MnO<sub>2</sub> in the dielectric layer do not improve the ReRAM performance.
Development of a GC/Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer, Part I: Design and Characterization (2014)

Identification of unknown compounds is of critical importance in GC/MS applications (metabolomics, environmental toxin identification, sports doping, petroleomics, and biofuel analysis, among many others) and remains a technological challenge. Derivation of elemental composition is the first step to determining the identity of an unknown compound by MS, for which high accuracy mass and isotopomer distribution measurements are critical. Here, we report on the development of a dedicated, applications-grade GC/MS employing an Orbitrap mass analyzer, the GC/Quadrupole-Orbitrap. Built from the basis of the benchtop Orbitrap LC/MS, the GC/Quadrupole-Orbitrap maintains the performance characteristics of the Orbitrap, enables quadrupole-based isolation for sensitive analyte detection, and includes numerous analysis modalities to facilitate structural elucidation. We detail the design and construction of the instrument, discuss its key figures-of-merit, and demonstrate its performance for the characterization of unknown compounds and environmental toxins.
The Effect of the Orientation of the Acetabular and Femoral Components on the Range of Motion of the Hip at Different Head-Neck Ratios* (2000)

During total hip arthroplasty, acetabular abduction is often constrained by available bone coverage, while femoral anteversion may be dictated by the geometry of the femoral shaft. For each combination of acetabular abduction and femoral anteversion, there is an optimum range of acetabular anteversion that allows the potential for a maximum range of motion without prosthetic impingement after total hip arthroplasty. These data can be used intraoperatively to determine optimum position.
Defensive properties of secondary metabolites from the Caribbean gorgonian coral Erythropodium caribaeorum (1991)

Field expenments support previous laboratory assays Indicating that crude lipid-soluble extracts of the Canbbean encrusting gorgonian octocoral Erythropod~um canbaeorum (Duchassalng & Mlchelotti) detel predation by reef fishes An extract of E canbaeorum incorporated into carrageenan food strips at the same volumetric concentration as i t occurred in gorgonian tlssues deterred feeding of a natural assemblage of fishes on the same reef from which the gorgonian had been collected Fleld assays using carrageenan stnps conta~ning naturally occurnng concentratlons of several pulitled secondary metabolites isolated from the crude extract revealed that the f e e d ~n g deterrent effects were present In a fraction containing chlonnated dlterpenoid (Cz0) compounds (erythrolldes), but not in a fraction conta~ning sesquiterpene (Cl5) hydrocarbons (of which erythrodiene, a previously unreported manne natural product was a major component) Three compounds were purlfled from the erythrolide fraction erythrolide A, erythrolide B and erythrolide D Only the last 2 of these compounds, when assayed independently, Inhibited feeding of reef flshes at the natural concentratlons found in E canbaeorun~ Whlle the erythrolides appear to defend E canbaeorum from reef predators, the funct~on of sesqulterpene hydrocarbons, which occur in high concentratlons in the llpid-soluble extracts of many octocorals, remains unclear
p53 autoantibodies in patients with urological tumours (1998)

The expression of p53 autoantibody seems to be a very late but significant event in urological tumour development, with the worst outcome (tumour-specific death) within a few weeks of developing positivity. In histopathologically heterogeneous tumour entities, p53 autoantibodies might be independent prognostic factors in patients with urological cancers.
Das kirchliche Visitationsinstitut im mittelalterlichen Schweden. By Göran Inger. (Bibliotheca Theologiae Practicae, xi). Pp. 576. Lund: Gleerup, 1961. Swedish Kr. 35.00. (1962)

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