gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stonustoxin Is a Novel Lethal Factor from Stonefish (Synanceja horrida) Venom (1996)

Stonustoxin (SNTX) is a multifunctional lethal protein isolated from venom elaborated by the stonefish, Synanceja horrida. It comprises two subunits, termed alpha and beta, which have respective molecular masses of 71 and 79 kDa. SNTX elicits an array of biological responses both in vitro and in vivo, particularly a potent hypotension that appears to be mediated by the nitric oxide pathway. As a prelude to structure-function studies, we have isolated and sequenced cDNA clones encoding the alpha- and beta-subunits of SNTX from a venom gland cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence of neither subunit shows significant homology with any known protein. Protein sequence alignment does, however, show the subunits to be 50% homologous to each other and implies that they may have arisen from a common ancestor. The subunits of this novel toxin lack typical N-terminal signal sequences commonly found in proteins that are secreted via the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus pathway, indicating the possibility of its being secreted by a non-classical pathway, which is not clearly understood. The SNTX subunits have been expressed in Escherichia coli as cleavable fusion proteins that cross-react with antibodies raised against the native toxin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first complete sequence of a fish-derived protein toxin to be reported.
Organization of Signaling Complexes by PDZ‐Domain Scaffold Proteins (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Induction of intracellular cAMP by a synthetic retroviral envelope peptide: a possible mechanism of immunopathogenesis in retroviral infections. (1995)

A synthetic heptadecapeptide, CKS-17, represents the highly conserved amino acid sequences occurring within the transmembrane envelope protein of many animal and human retroviruses. CKS-17 has been demonstrated to exhibit suppressive properties for numerous immune functions. We have recently shown that CKS-17 acts as an immunomodulatory epitope causing an imbalance of human type 1 and type 2 cytokine production and suppression of cell-mediated immunities. cAMP, an intracellular second messenger, plays an important role in regulation of cytokine biosynthesis--i.e., elevation of intracellular cAMP levels selectively inhibits type 1 cytokine production but has no effect or enhances type 2 cytokine production. Here, we demonstrate that CKS-17 induces dramatic rises in the intracellular cAMP levels of a human monocyte cell line and of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. A peptide corresponding to the reverse sequence of CKS-17, used as control, has no effect on intracellular cAMP levels. The cAMP-inducing ability of CKS-17 is significantly blocked by SQ-22536, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase. These results indicate that CKS-17, a highly conserved component of the transmembrane proteins of immunosuppressive retroviruses, induces increased intracellular levels of cAMP via activation of adenylate cyclase and suggest that this retroviral envelope peptide may differentially modulate type 1 and type 2 cytokine production through elevation of intracellular cAMP levels.
More convenient 13C-urea breath test modifications still meet the criteria for valid diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. (1994)

(a) A two sample measurement using the DOB at 20 min and a cut-off value of 5/1000 can replace the CRR-calculation over 120 minutes. (b) Although quantitative DOB-responses are significantly affected, 13C-UBT can be performed in the postprandial state with no significant effect on the detection of the H. pylori infection. (c) The sample collection by a simple straw method meets precision requirements < 1.5 delta/1000. Thus, the 13C-UBT can be performed cheaper, faster and more conveniently.
Ebselen Reduces Cytochrome<i>c</i>Release From Mitochondria and Subsequent DNA Fragmentation After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice (2001)

These results indicate that ebselen attenuates ischemic neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting cytochrome c release. Ebselen may be a potential compound in stroke therapy.
A Multilayered Jurisdictional Patchwork: Immigration Federalism in the United States (2011)

This article focuses on the immigration‐related demands currently being placed on local police in the United States and the emergence of what we call a “multilayered jurisdictional patchwork” (MJP) of immigration enforcement. We report results from nationwide surveys of city police chiefs and county sheriffs and intensive fieldwork in three jurisdictions. The enforcement landscape we describe is complicated by the varying and overlapping responsibilities of sheriffs and city police, and by the tendency for sheriffs to maintain closer relationships with federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) authorities. We conclude by reflecting on the implications of the MJP—for immigrants, for their communities, and for the evolving relationship between levels of government in the federal system.
Redoop infrastructure for recurring big data queries (2014)

This demonstration presents the Redoop infrastructure, the first full-fledged MapReduce framework with native support for recurring big data queries. Recurring queries, repeatedly being executed for long periods of time over evolving high-volume data, have become a bedrock component in most large-scale data analytic applications. Redoop is a comprehensive extension to Hadoop that pushes the support and optimization of recurring queries into Hadoop's core functionality. While backward compatible with regular MapReduce jobs, Redoop achieves an order of magnitude better performance than Hadoop for recurring workloads. Redoop employs innovative window-aware optimization techniques for such recurring workloads including adaptive window-aware data partitioning, cache-aware task scheduling, and inter-window caching mechanisms. We will demonstrate Redoop's capabilities on a compute cluster against real life workloads including click-stream and sensor data analysis.
Geometric optics-based multiband cloaking of large objects with the wave phase and amplitude preservation (2014)

The geometric optics principles are used to develop a unidirectional transmission cloak for hiding objects with dimensions substantially exceeding the incident radiation wavelengths. Invisibility of both the object and the cloak is achieved without metamaterials, so that significant widths of the cloaking bands are provided. For the preservation of wave phases, the λ-multiple delays of waves passing through the cloak are realized. Suppression of reflection losses is achieved by using half-λ multiple thicknesses of optical elements. Due to periodicity of phase delay and reflection suppression conditions, the cloak demonstrates efficient multiband performance confirmed by full-wave simulations.
Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐induced chemotaxis does not require the G protein‐coupled receptor S1P<sub>1</sub> in murine embryonic fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells (2002)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator, signals via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). The prototypical S1P receptor, S1P1 (also known as EDG-1), a Gi-linked receptor, is critical for vascular maturation during development. Recent work suggested that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced cell migration required the S1P1 receptor, representing a novel mechanism for cross-talk between receptor tyrosine kinases and GPCRs. Since both S1P and PDGF are implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) pathobiology and development, we investigated this issue in rat VSMC and in embryonic fibroblasts derived from S1P1 null mice. Our data suggest that the S1P1 receptor is critical for S1P-induced, Gi-dependent migration but not for PDGF-BB-induced, receptor tyrosine kinase-dependent chemotaxis in VSMC. In addition, lack of S1P1 receptor in mouse embryonic fibroblasts did not significantly affect PDGF-induced cell migration. These data question the generality of the concept that S1P1 GPCR is a critical downstream component of PDGF-induced chemotaxis.
How good are convex hull algorithms? (1995)

A convex polytope P can be speci ed in two w ays: as the convex hull of the vertex set V of P , o r a s t h e i n tersection of the set H of its facet-inducing halfspaces.The vertex enumeration problem is to compute V from H. The facet enumeration problem it to compute H from V.These two problems are essentially equivalent under point/hyperplane duality.They are among the central computational problems in the theory of polytopes.It is open whether they can be solved in time polynomial in jHj + jVj.In this paper we consider the main known classes of algorithms for solving these problems.We argue that they all have at least one of two w eaknesses: inability t o d e a l w ell with \degeneracies," or, inability t o c o n trol the sizes of intermediate results.We t h e n i n troduce families of polytopes that exercise those weaknesses.Roughly speaking, fat-lattice or intricate polytopes cause algorithms with bad degeneracy handling to perform badly dwarfed polytopes cause algorithms with bad intermediate size control to perform badly.We also present computational experience with trying to solve these problem on these hard polytopes, using various implementations of the main algorithms.
Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by a Heterogenized Proline on a Mesoporous Support. The Role of the Nature of Solvents (2007)

A heterogenized (S)-proline on mesoporous support MCM-41 catalyzes the asymmetric aldol reaction in a wide range of solvents. The progress of the reaction is dependent on the nature of the solvent. Reactions proceed more efficiently in hydrophilic polar solvents; however, the addition of a small amount of water has a positive effect on the rate and the stereoselectivity of the reaction performed in hydrophobic toluene. The reaction under heterogeneous conditions has also been performed on chiral aldehydes, furnishing useful intermediates for the synthesis of azasugars.
Phosphate Triester Dynamic Covalent Networks (2020)

Dynamic covalent networks are a class of polymeric materials that combine the merits of classical thermosets and thermoplastics, in terms of mechanical properties and reprocessability, in one material. Various dynamic covalent chemistries have thus been implemented in polymeric materials with recent interests shifting toward chemistries that would allow rearrangements in network topology without the aid of external catalysts. Here we introduce transesterification in phosphate triesters as a new dynamic covalent chemistry in polymeric networks. A simple one-step synthetic strategy has been utilized to synthesize polytetrahydrofuran networks with phosphate triester cross-links. The materials showed finite viscous flow at elevated temperatures via transesterification at the cross-links without externally added catalyst. This approach provides an easy method for cross-linking OH-end-functionalized polyethers and has the potential for general use with other OH-functionalized polymers.
A lowbit rate vocabulary coding scheme for mobile landmark search (2011)

We present a low bit rate vocabulary coding scheme in the context of mobile landmark search. Our scheme exploits lo-cation cues to boost a compact subset of visual vocabulary, which is discriminative for visual search and incurs low bit rate query for efficient upstream wireless transmission. To validate the coding scheme, we have developed mobile land-mark search prototype systems within typical areas includ-
ON STRONG RANDOM CLARKSON INEQUALITY AND STRONG RADEMACHER TYPE (2004)

Abstract. It is known that the Banach spaces in which random Clarkson inequality holds are just those of (Rademacher) type p. Recently Y. Takahashi, K. Hashimoto and M. Kato discussed the notions of strong type p and strong cotype g and characterized the p-uniformly smooth and q-uniformly convex spaces with these properties, respectively. In this article we shall consider strong random Clarkson inequality and prove that it holds in a Banach space X if and only if X is of strong type p; combining a recent result by J. Wenzel, we shall have an additional equivalent statement that X has strong martingale type p. A sequence of related results will be presented, which extend some previous results. 1.
Filtering and Rendering of Resolution-Dependent Reflectance Models (2008)

The reflectance of a surface depends upon the resolution at which it is imaged. In this work, we propose to represent this resolution-dependent reflectance as a mixture of multiple conventional reflectance models and present a framework for efficiently rendering the reflectance effects of such mixture models over different resolutions. To rapidly determine reflectance at runtime with respect to resolution, we record the mixture model parameters at multiple resolution levels in mipmapss and propose a technique to minimize aliasing in the filtering of this mipmaps. This framework can be applied to several widely used parametric reflectance models and can be implemented in graphics hardware for real-time processing, using a presented hardware-accelerated technique for nonlinear filtering of mixture model parameters. In addition, shadowing and masking effects can be included into this framework to increase the realism of rendering. With this mixture model filtering and rendering framework, our system can efficiently render the fine reflectance detail that is customarily disregarded in conventional rendering methods.
Porous Silicon Microcavities Based Photonic Barcodes (2011)

A new type of porous silicon based microcavity has been developed. The intrinsic photoluminiscence emission is strongly coupled to the whispering gallery modes of the microcavity resulting in a unique photonic fingerprint of each particle. It may be envisaged as a photonic bar code like luminescent profile associated to each single particle. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Gas-Phase Oxidation of Mercury by Bromine and Chlorine in Flue Gas (2011)

Oxidized mercury species may be formed in combustion systems through gas-phase reactions between elemental mercury and halogens, such as chorine or bromine. This study examines how bromine and chlorine species affect mercury oxidation in the gas phase. Experiments were conducted in a bench-scale, laminar, methane-fired (300 W), quartz-lined reactor, in which gas composition (HCl, HBr, NOx, and SO2) was varied. In the experiments, the postcombustion gases were quenched from the flame temperature to about 350 °C and then speciated mercury was measured using a wet conditioning system and continuous emission monitor (CEM). Bromine was shown to be much more effective in the postflame, homogeneous oxidation of mercury than chlorine, on an equivalent molar basis. The addition of NO to the flame (up to 400 ppmv) had no impact on mercury oxidation by chlorine or bromine. The addition of SO2 had no effect on mercury oxidation by chlorine at SO2 concentrations below about 400 ppmv; some increase in mercury oxidation was observed at SO2 concentrations of 400 ppmv and higher. The addition of chlorine caused minor increases in the extent of oxidation by bromine. The results of this study can be used to understand the relative importance of gas-phase mercury oxidation by bromine in combustion systems.
Expression d'une stéarate et d'une oléate désaturases chez le tournesol normal et à haute teneur en acide oléique, clonage de fragments génomiques et variabilité chez quelques Helianthus (1997)

National audience
5-Lipoxygenase: Cellular Biology and Molecular Pharmacology (2002)

5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, proinflammatory mediators which are mainly released from myeloid cells. Whereas LTB(4) is a potent chemotactic and chemokinetic agent for a variety of leukocytes, the cysteinyl-leukotrienes C, D(4) and E(4) cause vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction. In view of these properties, leukotriene synthesis inhibitors have been hypothesized to possess therapeutic potential for the treatment of asthma, allergic disorders and other inflammatory diseases. Whereas cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor antagonists possess potential for antileukotriene therapy in asthma, results from clinical trials with leukotriene synthesis inhibitors were less encouraging. The expression of 5-LO in mammals is tightly regulated. Enzymatic activity in vitro can be modulated by calcium, ATP, phosphatidylcholine and lipid hydroperoxides; nevertheless activation of cellular 5-LO in response to external stimuli is rather incompletely understood. Intensive research revealed that on cell stimulation, 5-LO redistributes to the nuclear membrane where it colocalizes with 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein and cytosolic phospholipase A(2). In addition, various cellular proteins interacting with 5-LO have been identified. It was suggested that enzyme phosphorylation could influence redistribution and cellular activity of 5-LO and that the cellular redox tone regulates 5-LO product formation. This review highlights the determinants of cellular 5-LO activity and summarizes the molecular pharmacology of 5-LO.
The Use and Interpretation of Commercial<i>APC</i>Gene Testing for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (1997)

Patients who underwent genetic tests for familial adenomatous polyposis often received inadequate counseling and would have been given incorrectly interpreted results. Physicians should be prepared to offer genetic counseling if they order genetic tests.
Nanoparticle Based Systemic Gene Therapy for Lung Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Strategies to Suppress Nanoparticle-Mediated Inflammatory Response (2004)

Cancer gene therapy for the treatment of lung cancer has shown promise in the laboratory and in Phase I/II clinical trials. However, it is currently limited to treating localized tumors due to host-immunity against the gene delivery vector and the transgene. Therefore, there is a tremendous effort to develop and test alternate gene delivery vectors that are efficient, non-immunogenic, and applicable for systemic therapy. One such gene delivery vehicle is the non-viral vector, DOTAP:cholesterol (DOTAP:Chol) nanoparticle. Preclinical studies from our laboratory has shown that DOTAP:Chol. nanoparticles are effective systemic gene delivery vectors that efficiently deliver tumor-suppressor genes to disseminated lung tumors. Based on our findings we have recently initiated a Phase-I trial for systemic treatment of lung cancer using a novel tumor suppressor gene, FUS1. Although DOTAP:Chol. nanoparticles complexed to DNA (DNA-nanoparticles) are efficient vectors for systemic therapy, induction of an inflammatory response in a dose-dependent fashion has also been observed thereby limiting its use. A better understanding of the underlying mechanism for DNA-nanoparticles-mediated inflammatory response will allow us to develop strategies to suppress inflammation and expand the therapeutic window in treating human cancer. In the present study we conducted experiments examining the mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that systemic administration of DNA-nanoparticles induced multiple signaling molecules both in vitro and in vivo that are associated with inflammation. Use of small molecule inhibitors against the signaling molecules resulted in their suppression and thereby reduced inflammation without affecting transgene expression. Our results provide a rationale to use small molecule inhibitors to suppress nanoparticle-mediated inflammation when administered systemically. Further development and testing will allow us to incorporate this strategy into future clinical trials that is based on systemic non-viral vector gene therapy.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production is associated with less body cell mass in women with rheumatoid arthritis. (2004)

Women with stable, medically well-controlled RA have lower than normal BCM that is inversely associated with elevated TNF-alpha production.
Impaired Neurite Contact Guidance in Ubiquitin Ligase E3a (Ube3a)‐Deficient Hippocampal Neurons on Nanostructured Substrates (2016)

Recent discoveries indicate that during neuronal development the signaling processes that regulate extracellular sensing (e.g., adhesion, cytoskeletal dynamics) are important targets for ubiquitination-dependent regulation, in particular through E3 ubiquitin ligases. Among these, Ubiquitin E3a ligase (UBE3A) has a key role in brain functioning, but its function and how its deficiency results in the neurodevelopmental disorder Angelman syndrome is still unclear. Here, the role of UBE3A is investigated in neurite contact guidance during neuronal development, in vitro. The microtopography sensing of wild-type and Ube3a-deficient hippocampal neurons is studied by exploiting gratings with different topographical characteristics, with the aim to compare their capabilities to read and follow physical directional stimuli. It is shown that neuronal contact guidance is defective in Ube3a-deficient neurons, and this behavior is linked to an impaired activation of the focal adhesion signaling pathway. Taken together, the results suggest that the neuronal contact sensing machinery might be affected in Angelman syndrome.
Super-Planckian far-zone thermal emission from asymmetric hyperbolic metamaterials (2014)

We demonstrate the production of strong directive thermal emissions in the far-field zone of asymmetric hyperbolic metamaterials (AHMs), exceeding that predicted by Planck's limit. Asymmetry is inherent to the uniaxial medium, where the optical axis is tilted with respect to medium interfaces. The use of AHMs is shown to enhance the free-space coupling efficiency of thermally radiated waves, resulting in Super-Planckian far-field thermal emission in certain directions. This effect is impossible in usual hyperbolic materials because emission of high density of states (DOS) photons into vacuum with smaller DOS is preserved by the total internal reflection. Different plasmonic metamaterials are proposed for realizing AHM media; the thermal emission from a AHM, based on a grapheme multilayer structure, is presented, as an example.