gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Consensus group stable feature selection (2009)

Stability is an important yet under-addressed issue in feature selection from high-dimensional and small sample data. In this paper, we show that stability of feature selection has a strong dependency on sample size. We propose a novel framework for stable feature selection which first identifies consensus feature groups from subsampling of training samples, and then performs feature selection by treating each consensus feature group as a single entity. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world data sets show that an algorithm developed under this framework is effective at alleviating the problem of small sample size and leads to more stable feature selection results and comparable or better generalization performance than state-of-the-art feature selection algorithms. Synthetic data sets and algorithm source code are available at http://www.cs.binghamton.edu/~lyu/KDD09/.
Effects of acute heat stress on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers. (2011)

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of heat stress on growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers.One hundred and twenty 28-day-old healthy male AA broilers with similar body weight were randomly allotted to three treatments(4 replicates per treatment with 10 birds per replicate): constant heat stress at 34 ℃ with ad libitum feeding(acute heat stress group),constant optimal ambient temperature at 21 ℃ with ab libitum feeding(control group),and constant optimal ambient temperature at 21 ℃ but pair-fed with the amount consumed by the acute heat stress group(pair-fed group).The experiment period was 7 d.The results showed as follows: compared with the control group,average daily feed intake(ADFI) in acute heat stress group was decreased by 33.84%(P0.05),average daily gain(ADG) was decreased by 65.01%(P0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G) was decreased by 89.14%(P0.05).Compared with pair-fed group,ADG in acute heat stress group was decreased by 28.29%(P0.05),and F/G was increased by 42.27%(P0.05).The fat deposition of acute heat stressed AA broilers were increased in hepatic fat(P0.05),abdominal fat(P0.05),cervical subcutaneous fat(P0.05),and thigh subcutaneous fat(P0.05).The contents of free fatty acid(FFA) and total cholesterol(TC) in serum of acute heat stressed AA broilers had no significant change(P0.05),but the contents of triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) were significantly increased(P0.05),but there was no significant difference in serum biochemical indices between control group and pair-fed group(P0.05).Acute heat stress significantly increased acetylcoa carboxylase(ACC) and fatty acid synthase(FAS) in liver and FAS in abdominal fat(P0.05),and significantly decreased lipoprotein lipase(LPL) gene mRNA expression(P0.05).These results indicate that acute heat stress decreases growth performance of AA broilers,redistributes nutrient constituents,and increases fat deposition.
A single 1.5-V digital chip for a 10/sup 6/ synapse neural network (1993)

A digital-chip architecture for a 10(6)-synapse neural network is proposed. It runs on a 1.5-V dry cell to allow its use in portable equipment. An on-chip DRAM cell array stores synapse weights digitally to provide easy programmability and automatic refreshing. A pitch-matched interconnection and a combinational unit circuit for summing product allow a tight layout. A dynamic data transfer circuit and the 1.5-V operation of the entire chip reduce the power dissipation, but the parallel processing nonetheless provides high speed at the 1.5-V supply. Estimated power dissipation of 75 mW and a processing speed of 1.37 giga connections per second are predicted for the chip. The memory and the processing circuits can be integrated on a 15.4-mmx18.6-mm chip by using a 0.5-mum CMOS design rule. A scaled-down version of the chip that has an 8-kb DRAM cell array was fabricated, and its operation was confirmed.
Fully Printable Chipless RFID Tag (2011)

1.1 Radio frequency identification Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a wireless data capturing technique which utilizes radio frequency (RF) waves for automatic identification of objects. RFID relies on RF waves for data transmission between the data carrying device, called the RFID tag, and the interrogator (Finkenzeller, 2003; Kraiser & Steinhagen, 1995) A typical RFID system is shown in Fig. 1. An RFID system consists of three major components: a reader or interrogator, which sends the interrogation signals to an RFID tag, which is to be identified; an RFID tag or transponder, which contains the identification code; and middleware software, which maintains the interface and the software protocol to encode and decode the identification data from the reader into a mainframe or personal computer. The RFID reader can read tags only within the reader’s interrogation zone. The reader is most commonly connected to a host computer which performs additional signal processing and has a display of the tag’s identity (Preradovic & Karmakar, 2007). The host computer can also be connected via internet for global connectivity/networking.
Vehicle License Plate Recognition With Random Convolutional Networks (2014)

Despite decades of research on automatic license plate recognition (ALPR), optical character recognition (OCR) still leaves room for improvement in this context, given that a single OCR miss is enough to miss the entire plate. We propose an OCR approach based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction. The architecture of our CNN is chosen from thousands of random possibilities and its filter weights are set at random and normalized to zero mean and unit norm. By training linear support vector machines (SVMs) on the resulting CNN features, we can achieve recognition rates of over 98% for digits and 96% for letters, something that neither SVMs operating on image pixels nor CNNs trained via back-propagation can achieve. The results are obtained in a dataset that has 182 samples per digit and 28 per letter, and suggest the use of random CNNs as a promising alternative approach to ALPR systems.
Thin Film Acoustoelectric GHz SAW Amplifier Design (2018)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) acoustoelectric (AE) theory and device embodiments have been demonstrated from the 1960s to the present. Technology has greatly advanced in new materials, growth and deposition, and nano films offering new opportunities for AE effects. The ability to produce a practical integrated SAW AE amplifier in filters and resonators would provide new opportunities for SAW RF filters and oscillators. In particular, the AE amplifier is one component of producing a SAW-based simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) radio at approximately 1 GHz using spread spectrum RF filtering. This paper will present research efforts on development of a thin film AE amplifier on LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> . The first part of the paper will discuss the boundaries and coupled-interactions of the many design parameters for practical AE thin film amplifiers. The second part of the paper will provide the most recent results of the AE amplifier research efforts using graphene on lithium niobate.
Clustering moving objects via medoid clusterings (2005)

Modern geographic information systems do not only have to handle static information but also dynamically moving objects. Clustering algorithms for these moving objects provide new and helpful information, e.g. jam detection is possible by means of these algorithms. One of the main problems of these clustering algorithms is that only uncertain positional information of the moving objects is available. In this paper, we propose clustering approaches which take these uncertain positions into account. The uncertainty of the moving objects is modelled by spatial density functions which represent the likelihood that a certain object is located at a certain position. Based on sampling, we assign concrete positions to the objects. We then cluster such a sample set of objects by standard clustering algorithms. Repeating this procedure creates several sample clusterings. To each of these sample clusterings a ranking value is assigned which reflects its distance to the other sample clusterings. The clustering with the smallest ranking value is called the medoid clustering and can be regarded as the average clustering of all the sample clusterings. In a detailed experimental evaluation, we demonstrate the benefits of these medoid clusterings. We show that the medoid clustering is more suitable for clustering moving objects with fuzzy positions than arbitrary sample clusterings or clusterings based on the distance expectation values between the fuzzy positions of the moving objects.
Evaluation result of Selete's exposure tool: impact of the source performance (2008)

We have installed a small-field exposure tool (SFET) manufactured by Canon and EUVA with a discharge-producedplasma EUV source that employs Xenon gas. We investigated how the performance of the source affects lithographic performance. Electrode life has relation to the illumination uniformity of the exposure field on wafer surface. Also source power at the wafer surface has relation to the electrode life. Electrode life makes EUV power decreasing and larger illumination uniformity number. We examine the pupilgram test using high sensitivity resist. Actual pupil fill shape was observed and there was non-uniform distribution. Pupil fill shape was changed after exchanging electrode, also resist CD bias between parallel and horizontal line of the field. That was comparable to the simulation result. The source electrode requires periodic replacement, which impacts not only the performance of the source, but also the lithographic performance of the tool, such as the CD of resist patterns.
Identifying relevant full-text articles for database curation (2005)

In this paper, we propose an approach for identifying curatable articles from a large pool. Our system currently considers three parts of an article as three individual representations of the article, and utilizes two domain-specific resources to reveal the deep knowledge contained in the article in order to generate more representations of the article. Cross-validation is employed to find the best combination of representations and an SVM classifier is trained out of this combination. The cross-validation results and results of the official runs are listed. The experimental results show overall high performance. 1
Direct synthesis of graphene 3D-coated Cu nanosilks network for antioxidant transparent conducting electrode (2015)

Transparent conducting film occupies an important position in various optoelectronic devices. To replace the costly tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), promising materials, such as metal nanowires and graphene, have been widely studied. Moreover, a long-pursued goal is to consolidate these two materials together and express their outstanding properties simultaneously. We successfully achieved a direct 3D coating of a graphene layer on an interlacing Cu nanosilks network by the low pressure chemical vapor deposition method. High aspect ratio Cu nanosilks (13 nm diameter with 40 μm length) were synthesized through the nickel ion catalytic process. Large-size, transparent conducting film was successfully fabricated with Cu nanosilks ink by the imprint method. A magnetic manipulator equipped with a copper capsule was used to produce high Cu vapor pressure on Cu nanosilks and realize the graphene 3D-coating. The coated Cu@graphene nanosilks network achieved high transparency, low sheet resistance (41 Ohm sq(-1) at 95% transmittance) and robust antioxidant ability. With this technique, the transfer process of graphene is no longer needed, and a flexible, uniform and high-performance transparent conducting film could be fabricated in unlimited size.
Paraquat Resistance in <i>Conyza</i> (1985)

A biotype of Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. (identical to Conyza linefolia in other publications) originating in Egypt is resistant to the herbicide 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion (paraquat). Penetration of the cuticle by [(14)C]paraquat was greater in the resistant biotype than the susceptible (wild) biotype; therefore, resistance was not due to differences in uptake. The resistant and susceptible biotypes were indistinguishable by measuring in vitro photosystem I partial reactions using paraquat, 6,7-dihydrodipyrido [1,2-alpha:2',1'-c] pyrazinediium ion (diquat), or 7,8-dihydro-6H-dipyrido [1,2-alpha:2',1'-c] [1,4] diazepinediium ion (triquat) as electron acceptors. Therefore, alteration at the electron acceptor level of photosystem I is not the basis for resistance. Chlorophyll fluorescence measured in vivo was quenched in the susceptible biotype by leaf treatment with the bipyridinium herbicides. Resistance to quenching of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence was observed in the resistant biotype, indicating that the herbicide was excluded from the chloroplasts. Movement of [(14)C] paraquat was restricted in the resistant biotype when excised leaves were supplied [(14)C]paraquat through the petiole. We propose that the mechanism of resistance to paraquat is exclusion of paraquat from its site of action in the chloroplast by a rapid sequestration mechanism. No differential binding of paraquat to cell walls isolated from susceptible and resistant biotypes could be detected. The exact site and mechanism of paraquat binding to sequester the herbicide remains to be determined.
Atomic spectrometry update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques (2006)

This review covers a relatively mature area of atomic spectrometry, hence there are fewer new developments than in newer research fields. It should be read in conjunction with the previous year’s review and with other related reviews in the series. The application of solid phase extraction for preconcentration and matrix separation remains the most popular topic in the literature. It seems that practically any substance has been used in some way to effect this purpose when coupled with FAAS or ICP-AES. Laser based methods and speciation analysis are the main areas where novel developments are still being made, though even here much of the published work has moved toward routine application. There is very little being published on the analysis of solid samples other than that which comes under the purview of LIBS and related techniques. The application of chemometrics to atomic spectrometry seems to have ceased almost completely, the exception being the use of pattern recognition techniques for classifying origin, and even that is now fairly routine.
Application of an all-solid-state, frequency-doubled Nd:YAP laser to the generation of twin beams at 1080 nm (2002)

A laser-diode-pumped intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:YAP/KTP laser is presented. Over 110 mw of TEM00 single-frequency output power at 540-nm wavelength was obtained. The output green laser was employed to pump a semimonolithic nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator to produce intensity quantum correlated twin beams at 1080 nm, and the maximum quantum noise squeezing of 74% (5.9dB) on the intensity difference fluctuation between the twin beams is observed. The threshold was reduced and the stability was increased significantly when compared with similar lamp-pumped systems.
Process Optimization and Integration for Silicon Oxide Intermetal Dielectric Planarized by Chemical Mechanical Polish (1999)

The chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) characteristics of silicon oxide films are studied systematically for the optimization of planarization for intermetal dielectric (IMD) processes. By way of orthogonal array experimental design, the influences of physical parameters during CMP upon the polishing behaviors of silicon oxide dielectric materials are investigated. Polishing results with a removal rate greater than 200 nm/min and a within‐wafer nonuniformity less than 4% can be achieved and an optimized polish process is derived from parametric experiments, which are based on the summarized trends from orthogonal array experimental results. The optimized polish process is applied to planarize patterned IMD wafers with different metal line pitch and IMD thickness. Incorporating the IMD geometric factors and CMP polishing performance, a rule including the integral nonuniformity, thickness of dielectric, efficiency of planarization, geometry of device, removal rate, and its variation for CMP time estimation (INTEGRATE) is proposed to approximate the required IMD thickness and CMP polish time for ImD process integration. High efficiency of the planarization process and excellent planarity are both achieved based on the rule of INTEGRATE. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Adaptive techniques for minimizing middleware memory footprint for distributed, real-time, embedded systems (2004)

In order for middleware to be widely useful for distributed, real-time, and embedded systems, it should provide a full set of services and be easily customizable to meet the memory footprint limitations of embedded systems. We examine a variety of techniques used to reduce the memory footprint in middleware. We find that combining aspect-oriented programming with code shrinkers and obfuscators reduces the memory footprint of CORBA middleware to <5% of its original size, as customized for a small client application for a memory-constrained embedded device.
Cloud Clearing over the Ocean in the Processing of Data from the Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) (2000)

Infrared radiometric measurements of surface parameters are prone to error if clouds are present in the observation path. The along-track scanning radiometer (ATSR) with its novel dual-view feature is able to correct for absorption effects in the clear atmosphere more precisely than previous instruments; hence, it is especially important in this case for the retrieved surface temperatures not to be cloud contaminated. The algorithms used for identifying cloud in the routine processing of the ATSR data are described. These tests rely heavily on the previous experience gained by using data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). Modifications to the original AVHRR tests, and the new tests developed, are given in detail.
Comparison of antibody activity against various microorganisms in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations determined by ELISA and opsonic assay. (1994)

In the present study the level of antimicrobial antibodies and the phagocytosis-promoting activity in immunoglobulin preparations produced for intravenous use were assessed. The level of antibodies directed against various microorganisms in six immunoglobulin preparations was determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and was shown to be either equal to or higher than that of pooled normal human serum. All preparations were able to promote phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli K12, and Streptococcus pyogenes by human granulocytes. Substantial differences among the various preparations in antibody activity were noted. In particular, Intraglobulin, chemically modified by beta-propiolactone treatment, exhibited little activity in both the ELISA and the phagocytosis assay. In contrast, IVIG SRC, Gamimmune, Sandoglobulin (treated at low pH in presence or absence of trace amounts of pepsin), and Gammagard (treated by ion-exchange chromatography) showed good activity in both assays. Comparison of the results of the ELISA and phagocytosis assay for the various preparations indicated a good correlation except for S. aureus with a moderate (strain 42D) or high (strain Cowan I) protein A content. These data indicate that the antibody activity of immunoglobulin preparations against various microorganisms determined by ELISA can be used to predict their opsonic activity.
Effects of Compression Pressure on Physical and Chemical Stability of Tablets Containing an Anticancer Drug TAT-59. (1994)

(E)-4-[1-[4-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-(4-isopropyl) phenyl]-1-butenyl]phenyl monophosphate (TAT-59) is a new drug for the treatment of breast cancer. Physical and chemical stability of mixtures of TAT-59 and microcrystalline cellulose (1:9) compressed at 0, 300, 600 and 1400 kg/cm2 was evaluated by determination of water content, porosity and the amount of hydrolysis product, DP-TAT-59, formed. The water contents and porosity of these tablets scarcely changed during 57 d at 25-60 degrees C under 50% relative humidity (RH). The degradation rate of TAT-59 increased with increasing compression pressure as well as temperature. The apparent activation energy and frequency factor were determined from an Arrhenius plot of the degradation rate. Activation energy of these tablets was almost the same, while the frequency factor tended to increase with increasing compression pressure. The porosity and pore sizes in TAT-59-containing tablets decreased with increasing compressive force. We speculated from these observations that the increase in compression pressure decreased the distance and increased the contact area between TAT-59 and microcrystalline cellulose. The proximity between TAT-59 and moisture presented at the surface of microcrystalline cellulose by compression was considered to enhance the degradation of TAT-59.
Dynamic slurry-packing technique for liquid chromatography columns (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamic slurry-packing technique for liquid chromatography columnsH. P. Keller, F. Erni, H. R. Linder, and R. W. FreiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1977, 49, 13, 1958–1963Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50021a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50021a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ACTS: Technology Description and Results (2000)

The ACTS Project was originated at NASA Glenn Research Center in the early 1980's to sponsor the development and application of technology that was intended to be used by the private sector. The program was formulated with the underlying philosophy of maintaining US leadership in satellite communications while focusing technology development for efficient use of the frequency spectrum. This report chronicles the execution and results of the program from the perspective of its technology managers, from inception through hardware and system development to on-orbit experiments and demonstrations of the technology. The first eight sections of the report discuss programmatic background, the specific satellite and ground terminal technology and the results generated by the program including industry relevance. A federally funded program of this type attracted strong advocates and adversaries and the resulting impact on the project schedule is also discussed. The last two sections are a list of useful acronyms and extensive references.