gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of Angiotensin-I-Converting-Enzyme-Inhibitory Peptides in Fermented Milks Started by <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> subsp. <i>bulgaricus</i> SS1 and <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> subsp. <i>cremoris</i> FT4 (2000)

Two fermented milks containing angiotensin-I-converting-enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides were produced by using selected Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus SS1 and L. lactis subsp. cremoris FT4. The pH 4.6-soluble nitrogen fraction of the two fermented milks was fractionated by reversed-phase fast-protein liquid chromatography. The fractions which showed the highest ACE-inhibitory indexes were further purified, and the related peptides were sequenced by tandem fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry. The most inhibitory fractions of the milk fermented by L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus SS1 contained the sequences of beta-casein (beta-CN) fragment 6-14 (f6-14), f7-14, f73-82, f74-82, and f75-82. Those from the milk fermented by L. lactis subsp. cremoris FT4 contained the sequences of beta-CN f7-14, f47-52, and f169-175 and kappa-CN f155-160 and f152-160. Most of these sequences had features in common with other ACE-inhibitory peptides reported in the literature. In particular, the beta-CN f47-52 sequence had high homology with that of angiotensin-II. Some of these peptides were chemically synthesized. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) of the crude purified fractions containing the peptide mixture were very low (8.0 to 11.2 mg/liter). When the synthesized peptides were used individually, the ACE-inhibitory activity was confirmed but the IC(50)s increased considerably. A strengthened inhibitory effect of the peptide mixtures with respect to the activity of individual peptides was presumed. Once generated, the inhibitory peptides were resistant to further proteolysis either during dairy processing or by trypsin and chymotrypsin.
Image retrieval based on image mean mapping method (2014)

Image searching is often done in the world of computer visualization. Time and again users get to see many new digital images uploaded on web. They are fascinated towards automatic image retrieval. In the past few years, many methods were introduced to retrieve images which were based on similarity of size and shape of the image. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) method created the need for proficient and intelligent schemes for classifying and retrieval of Images. One of the main advantages of CBIR is automatic retrieval process in place of the keyword-based approach. The CBIR technology has been used in several applications such as biodiversity information systems, medicine, digital libraries, crime investigation and Historical research. In this method, mean-mapping techniques have been used for the retrieval of images. Each image is converted into the gray form. The database contains threshold values and cluster mean values of more then 10000 images which are extracted using k-mean retrieval method. The query image is compared with the database image using mean mapping methods. The main aim of this work is to extract images with high-class similarity.
Efficient plasmid transformation of the beta-lactam producer Streptomyces clavuligerus (1987)

The conditions for optimal formation and regeneration of protoplasts of Streptomyces clavuligerus were established. The optimal temperature for regeneration of protoplasts and for transformation was 26 degrees C in three different regeneration media. The best efficiency of transformation was obtained with 40% polyethylene glycol 1000. The efficiencies of regeneration and transformation increased greatly when protoplasts were obtained from cultures in the early stationary phase of growth. The number of transformants per assay increased linearly with rising concentrations of protoplasts. However, the number of transformants per protoplast decreased at concentrations of protoplasts above 1.5 X 10(9). The total number of transformants rose linearly at increasing plasmid DNA concentrations, but the number of the transformants per microgram of DNA became constant at concentrations above 1 microgram of DNA. Transformation frequencies as high as 5 X 10(5) transformants per microgram of DNA were obtained when plasmid pIJ702 was isolated from S. clavuligerus but not when isolated from Streptomyces lividans.
Quantum noise-limited FM spectroscopy with a lead-salt diode laser (1989)

This paper reports the demonstration of quantum-noise-limited sensitivity in frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS) with a lead-salt diode laser operating in the 4.8-microm region. Experimentally determined sensitivities of 10(-7) in a 1-Hz bandwidth have been demonstrated for detection of CO and CO(2) in a single-pass absorption cell. The high sensitivity obtained with our FMS apparatus can be attributed to the use of improved lead-salt diode lasers, a new optical fringe reduction method, and careful attention to optical processing of the diode laser beam.
Wireless Edge Computing With Latency and Reliability Guarantees (2019)

Edge computing is an emerging concept based on distributed computing, storage, and control services closer to end network nodes. Edge computing lies at the heart of the fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems and beyond. While the current state-of-the-art networks communicate, compute, and process data in a centralized manner (at the cloud), for latency and compute-centric applications, both radio access and computational resources must be brought closer to the edge, harnessing the availability of computing and storage-enabled small cell base stations in proximity to the end devices. Furthermore, the network infrastructure must enable a distributed edge decision-making service that learns to adapt to the network dynamics with minimal latency and optimize network deployment and operation accordingly. This paper will provide a fresh look to the concept of edge computing by first discussing the applications that the network edge must provide, with a special emphasis on the ensuing challenges in enabling ultrareliable and low-latency edge computing services for mission-critical applications such as virtual reality (VR), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), edge artificial intelligence (AI), and so on. Furthermore, several case studies where the edge is key are explored followed by insights and prospect for future work.
A Crowdsourcing Extension of the ITU-T Recommendation P.835 with Validation. (2020)

The quality of the speech communication systems, which include noise suppression algorithms, are typically evaluated in laboratory experiments according to the ITU-T Rec. P.835. In this paper, we introduce an open-source implementation of the ITU-T Rec. P.835 for the crowdsourcing approach following the ITU-T Rec. P.808 on crowdsourcing recommendations. The implementation is an extension of the P.808 Toolkit and is highly automated to avoid operational errors. To assess our evaluation method's validity, we compared the Mean Opinion Scores (MOS), calculate using ratings collected with our implementation, and the MOS values from a standard laboratory experiment conducted according to the ITU-T Rec, P.835. Results show a high validity in all three scales (average PCC = 0.961). Results of a round-robin test showed that our implementation is a highly reproducible evaluation method (PCC=1.00). Finally, we investigated the performance of five models deep noise suppression models using our P.835 implementation and show what insights can be learned.
Generation of a high‐quality P1 library of <i>Arabidopsis</i> suitable for chromosome walking (1995)

Summary Using improved techniques, a representative P1 library of Arabidopsis was constructed and characterized. Megabase genomic DNA was prepared from nuclei and partially digested with Sau 3AI. DNA fragments of 75–100 kb were selected by size fractionation in low melting agarose, concentrated by a spot‐evaporation/dialysis method, and cloned in the pAd10 sacB II P1 vector. The library contains 10 080 clones individually stored in microtiter plates. With an average insert size of about 80 kb, the library represents about eight haploid genomic equivalents of this plant. This library can be screened rapidly by dot hybridization of plate and well position pools. Characterization of the library by restriction analysis, screening with RFLP probes, RFLP mapping of insert end sequences, and chromosome walking shows that the library is of high quality with respect to insert site, completeness, and absence of chimeric artifacts. With this library a contig of about 600 kb has been constructed in the cer 9 locus region. This P1 library is expected to be useful for genome mapping and gene cloning in Arabidopsis research programs.
The pyroelectric properties of the lanthanum-doped ferroelectric plzt ceramics (1972)

The pyroelectric properties of hot-pressed lanthanum doped PZT X/65/35 ferroelectric ceramics have been studied to evaluate their potential as pyroelectric infrared detector materials. The pyroelectric coefficients ranged from 3.5 × 10-8 to 17.0 × 10-8 (coul/cm2 °C) for lanthanum compositions from X = 0 to 8. The dielectric properties have also been measured over this compositional range. Thermal noise is shown to be dominant in detectors made from these materials for frequencies between 1 Hz and 1000 Hz. A detectivity at 100 Hz of 108 cm(Hz)4/W has been achieved in these materials.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Activates Central Nervous System Structures in Epileptic Patients During PET H215O Blood Flow Imaging (1996)

VNS causes activation of several central areas including contralateral thalamus. Localization to the thalamus suggests a possible mechanism to explain the therapeutic benefit, consistent with the role of the thalamus as a generator and modulator of cerebral activity.
Mosaicism in the expression of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens in human colonic and gastric cancers. (1989)

Serial sequential sections from a single tumor were examined by immunohistological staining with several monoclonal antibodies directed, respectively, to different tumor-associated carbohydrate epitopes. Staining patterns were compared with those of conventional staining with hematoxylin-eosin or periodate/Schiff's reagent. Each tumor showed different areas of staining with different antibodies, and the combined staining map shows a clear mosaicism of antigen expression within the same tumor. For example, some areas of a given tumor were stained by FH4 (defining dimeric Le(x)), while other complementary areas were strongly stained, in a mutually exclusive manner, by SH1 (defining Le(x)), AH6 (defining Le(y)), FH6 (defining sialosyl dimeric (Le(x)), or TKH2 (defining sialosyl-Tn). Some areas were stained by two or three of these antibodies. Comparisons of the mosaic-staining patterns with cytohistological properties of tumor cells within specific areas suggested that the pattern of antigen expression is correlated with degree of differentiation; e.g., poorly-differentiated cells with severe dysplasia did not express high levels of Le(x) or Le(y) but did express sialyl-Le(x) or dimeric Le(x); on the other hand, moderately or well-differentiated tumor cells in some areas expressed high levels of Le(x) or Le(y) but lower levels of sialyl-Le(x). Areas showing strong expression of sialyl-Tn in their secretions were consistently correlated with presence of well-differentiated tumor cells, whereas secretions from normal mucosae were consistently characterized by lack of sialyl-Tn expression. It is postulated that the original in situ tumors (which had homogeneous glycosylation patterns) evolved into several spatially discrete cell populations displaying different degrees of glycosylation, reflecting stages of tumor cell differentiation and progression.
[Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with inhaled pharmacotherapy: role of corticosteroids]. (2012)

Cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It causes bronchial epithelial cell injury, which in turn initiates the recruitment of inflammatory cells and increases the production of cytokines, chemokines, proteases and other proinflammatory mediators followed by oxidative stress and protease/anti-protease imbalance impairing lung parenchymal elastic structures. Inhaled corticosteroids in combination with long-acting bronchodilators are generally recommended for the treatment of COPD. However, steroid responsiveness of patients with COPD is often poor, since oxidative stress may reduce the activity and expression of histone deacetylases, and therefore interfere with the anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids. Recently, a number of studies has indicated that presence of sputum eosinophilia and/or elevated exhaled nitric oxide (NO) level may predict a better response to corticosteroid treatment in COPD patients. While sputum processing and its profiling is a time-consuming and technically demanding method, exhaled NO measurement is a simple and completely non-invasive tool, thus, the later could be more convenient for routine clinical use in the future.
Farnesyl transferase inhibitors--a novel therapy for breast cancer. (2001)

Inhibitors of the enzyme farnesyl protein transferase prevent a key step in the post-translational processing of the Ras protein, and were developed initially as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit cell signalling in ras-transformed cells. As more has been learnt about the biological effects of farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs) on cancer cells, it is clear that tumours without oncogenic ras mutations such as breast cancer may also be targets for FTI therapy. This article reviews the rationale for the development of FTIs, focussing on early preclinical data in breast cancer models together with preliminary results from the first phase II study of an FTI in advanced breast cancer.
Chemical etching and fabrication of ridge waveguides on Bi12GeO20 single crystals (1976)

Chemical etching of Bi12GeO20 was investigated, and the developed technology was applied to the fabrication of ridge waveguides by an easy and rapid chemical etching method. The etching solution was prepared by mixing concentrated HCl, concentrated H2O2, and 5M NH4Cl. Ridge waveguides (0.3 mm to a few microns in size) prepared on the (110) surface had a trapezoidal cross section, and for a higher volume ratio of HCl and a longer etching time the cross section was triangular. Rectangular ridge guides were also prepared on the (100) surface, but this application is limited to small-size (several microns) ridges because with deep etching the surface is covered with etch pits and becomes rough.
Coherent amplified optical coherence tomography (2007)

A technique to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a high speed 1300 nm swept source optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system was demonstrated. A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) was employed in the sample arm to coherently amplify the weak light back-scattered from sample tissue without increasing laser power illuminated on the sample. The image quality improvement was visualized and quantified by imaging the anterior segment of a rabbit eye at imaging speed of 20,000 A-lines per second. The theory analysis of SNR gain is given followed by the discussion on the technologies that can further improve the SNR gain.
<scp>CRISPR</scp> guide <scp>RNA</scp> design for research applications (2016)

The rapid rise of CRISPR as a technology for genome engineering and related research applications has created a need for algorithms and associated online tools that facilitate design of on-target and effective guide RNAs (gRNAs). Here, we review the state of the art in CRISPR gRNA design for research applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, including knockout, activation, and inhibition. Notably, achieving good gRNA design is not solely dependent on innovations in CRISPR technology. Good design and design tools also rely on availability of high-quality genome sequence and gene annotations, as well as on availability of accumulated data regarding off-targets and effectiveness metrics.
[Method of embedding the breast in acetylcellulose]. (1986)

A new method of preparation and embedding the mamma from mature and elderly women has been suggested for the total histologic study. Acetylcellulose obtained from safety film (used for x-ray, cinema and photography) was used as an embedding material instead of celloidine that is not readily available. The method suggested can be widely applied both for research, and practical activities of pathoanatomists in total histotopographic study of the organ.
Reactions of polyfunctional amines with 3‐amino‐4‐(anilinothio‐methylidene)‐2‐cyano‐2‐pentenedioic acid diethyl ester (1995)

Abstract 3‐Amino‐4‐(anilinothiomethylidene)‐2‐cyano‐2‐pentenedioic acid diethyl ester reacts with ethylenedi‐amine, 1,3‐propylenediamine and 1,4‐butylenediamine affording bicyclic cyclocondensation products. The title compound reacts with diethylenetriamine and 2‐(2‐aminoethylamino)ethanol to give new seven membered ring tricyclic compounds. The mechanism for these reactions is discussed.
Image Transfer Properties of Fiber Bundle (1964)

The static images of sinusoidal objects and of knife edges given by a fiber bundle have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The describing functions are determined only in the region, in which the frequencies of the objects are lower than one-half of the frequency of the fiber array. Even in this region, the image contrast varies with the phase shift of the objects. The image contrast of the higher frequencies than that of this region can not be observed because of the beat phenomena. It the dynamic case, the point spread function is defined as the cross-correlation function between both end face apertures of a fiber. In both cases, a good contrast of image, at least over 80 percent, is expected, when the object frequencies are lower than one-sixth of the frequency of the fiber array. However, in practice, the light flares will occur and decrease the image contrast.
Waveform acoustic impedance inversion with spectral shaping (2013)

Full waveform inversion applied to surface seismic data containing only reflection data generally gives an impedance map, the background velocity being assumed known. The first iteration update does not have a spectrum close to the Earth impedance spectrum because of source wavelet and wave propagation effects. To improve the convergence, these effects can be compensated by designing a spectral shaping filter that produces a gradient of the misfit function with a spectrum similar to the Earth spectrum. Based on an asymptotic analysis of the gradient of the misfit function, we rederive the theoretical spectral shaping filter. When the observed source wavelet is known or can be estimated from the data, we retrieve that, after source deconvolution/whitening of the data, the theoretical spectral shaping is in ω−β/2 for the data or in <it>k</it>−β for the gradient with ω the angular frequency and <it>k</it> the wavenumber. β is an exponent depending on acquisition and equal to 1 with areal (so-called 3-D) acquisition and to 2 with line (so-called 2-D) acquisition. Under acoustic assumption, this leads to a waveform acoustic impedance inversion approach. We test this approach with a small synthetic example and with a real data set. Since we did not use <it>a priori</it> impedance information to derive the spectral shaping, we validate the approach by comparing the spectrum of the inverted impedances with the one of the Earth impedance computed from well-log measurements. The results illustrate the relevance of the spectral shaping to improve the convergence of the waveform inversion of reflection data.
<title>Temporal redundancy reduction using a motion model hierarchy and tracking for image sequence coding</title> (1993)

This paper introduces an improved variable size block based motion estimation algorithm relying on a hierarchy of motion representations. The most efficient of the latter is chosen through an evaluation constraint which models the total bit rate. The proposed coding technique exploits the concepts of temporal tracking and localization of the displaced frame difference energy. Moreover, only the smallest regions of the latter are coded and transmitted. Simulations show a significant improvement of the performances.
<title>Versatile microscopic profilometer-vibrometer for static and dynamic characterization of micromechanical devices</title> (1999)

In this paper microscopic interferometry is used for 2D and 3D profiling of micromechanical devices deformation and, is extended to allow vibration spectra measurements on a few microns wide microdevices. This is obtained by adding an apertured photomultiplier with suitable signal processing and subnanometric piezoelectric excitation. Resonant frequencies are detected both from vibrations-induced fringes contrast variations and by using a homemade wide bandwidth (10 MHz) double lock-in amplifier. This allows vibration measurements up to several MHz with a spatial resolution down to 1.25 micrometer and a detection limit of vibrations amplitudes in the 0.2 - 1 nm range. Furthermore the system allows a direct visualization of the whole vibration modes and can be applied for automated bulge testing of membranes. System operation for 3D profilometry, vibrometry and bulge testing is demonstrated on Cr cantilever microbeams and microbridges fabricated by surface micromachining and on membranes. Capabilities of the system for large vibration amplitudes measurements and its extension for on-wafer resonant frequencies measurements by using optical excitation are discussed.
Concurrent autonomous self-test for uncore components in system-on-chips (2010)

Concurrent autonomous self-test, or online self-test, allows a system to test itself, concurrently during normal operation, with no system downtime visible to the end-user. Online self-test is important for overcoming major reliability challenges such as early-life failures and circuit aging in future System-on-Chips (SoCs). To ensure required levels of overall reliability of SoCs, it is essential to apply online self-test to uncore components, e.g., cache controllers, DRAM controllers, and I/O controllers, in addition to processor cores. This is because uncore components can account for a significant portion of the overall logic area of a multi-core SoC. In this paper, we present an efficient online self-test technique for uncore components in SoCs. We achieve extremely high test coverage by storing high-quality test patterns in off-chip non-volatile storage. However, a simple technique that stalls the uncore-component-under-test can result in significant system performance degradation or even visible system unresponsiveness. Our new techniques overcome these challenges and enable cost-effective online self-test of uncore components through three special hardware features: 1. resource reallocation and sharing (RRS); 2. no-performance-impact testing; and, 3. smart backups. Implementation of online self-test for uncore components of the open-source OpenSPARC T2 multi-core SoC, using a combination of these three techniques, achieves high test coverage at < 1% area impact, < 1% power impact, and < 3% system-level performance impact. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of our techniques.