gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Labeling of Cerebral Amyloid<i>In Vivo</i>with a Monoclonal Antibody (1994)

We assessed the ability of a murine monoclonal antibody to bind selectively to beta-amyloid in the brains of living nonhuman primates. To circumvent the blood-brain barrier, we injected unlabeled antibody 10D5 (murine whole IgG1 and/or Fab fragments) into the cerebrospinal fluid of the cisterna magna in three aged monkeys. A control animal was given an intracisternal injection of nonimmune mouse whole IgG plus Fab. Twenty-four hours later, the animals were perfused and prepared for immunohistochemical detection of bound murine immunoglobulin in brain. All three experimental animals showed selective binding of 10D5 to approximately 5-15% of amyloid deposits in cerebral cortex, primarily near the cortical surface. There was no labeling in the control animal. In vivo-labeled deposits were confirmed to be beta-amyloid by electron microscopy and by in vitro immunohistochemistry in adjacent sections. The animals tolerated the injection well, although some polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltrated portions of the subarachnoid space and superficial neocortex. These results provide the first demonstration that it may be feasible to selectively direct a tagged monoclonal antibody to beta-amyloid in the brain for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. With enhancement of labeling efficiency, the method also may be useful for studying the progression of beta-amyloidosis in experimental animals using emission tomography.
Adaptive sensor data fusion in motion capture (2010)

Micro-sensor human motion capture has shown its potentials because of its ubiquity and low cost. One of the biggest challenges in micro-sensor motion estimation is the drift problem caused by integration of angular rates to obtain orientation. To reduce the drift, existing algorithms make use of gravity and earth magnetic filed measured by accelerometers and magnetometers respectively. Unfortunately, body segment acceleration and environment magnetic disturbance produce strong interferences to the gravity and earth magnetic field measurement respectively. This paper presents a novel sensor fusion algorithm for drift-free orientation estimation, where a quaternion-based complementary Kalman filter is designed. To optimize the performance under interference, this filter fuses gyroscope, accelerometer and magnetometer signals adaptively based on their information confidence, which are evaluated by computing their interference level. The proposed algorithm showed least error compared with the existing methods in the quantitative experiments, and its effectiveness was also verified by the stable and accurate human motion estimation.
An Interface for Learning Multi-topic User Profiles from Implicit Feedback (1998)

A text recommender system recommends sets of documents for individual users on the basis of user models, which are incrementally constructed given feedback on previous recommendations. Users are reluctant to take the time to provide such feedback explicitly. One of the contributions of this research is an interface design for a recommender system which infers document preferences by monitoring users’ actions. A second problem for recommender systems is determining the composition of a set of recommendations, especially when users have many interests. The interface presented provides a mechanism for users to define multiple topics of interest and control the proportions between them. Observations from initial usability tests are encouraging--they demonstrate the system successfully learning multi-topic user profiles using only the implicit feedback of users’ clicking and dragand-drop actions.
A Diazoalkane Derivative of a Polyoxometalate: Preparation and Structure of [Mo6O18(NNC(C6H4OCH3)CH3)]2 (1999)

A new metathetical route to diazoalkane complexes is described which allows the introduction of such ligands into previously inaccessible environments. The method, which involves the exchange of oxo and [N2 CR2 ] ligands, is illustrated by the preparation of the first diazoalkane-polyoxometalate complex 1.
Neurological soft signs might be endophenotype candidates for patients with deficit syndrome schizophrenia (2015)

This study confirms that NSS were higher in patients with DS. In addition, we suggest that our results might support the notion of DS as a different and distinct type of schizophrenia. NSS might also be a promising candidate as an endophenotype for DS. However, large sampled, multicentric studies are needed to clarify the place of NSS as an endophenotype in DS.
Checkpoint inhibitors in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC): Where to go from here (2018)

Advances in cancer immunotherapy and a growing body of research have focused on the role of the antitumor response in breast cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most immunogenic breast cancer subtype, and there is strong evidence that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in TNBC have prognostic value and are associated with clinical outcome and improved survival. Evading antitumor immunity is a hallmark for the development and progression of cancer. Immunotherapy studies have focused on the role of the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway in maintaining immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has emerged as a promising therapeutic option to enhance antitumor immunity and is actively being investigated in TNBC, with encouraging results. In this article, the authors review the current literature on checkpoint inhibitors in TNBC with a focus on PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and discuss combination strategies and novel approaches for improving antitumor immunity and clinical outcome. Cancer 2018;124:2086-103. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Improved Cycle Sequencing of GC-Rich Templates by a Combination of Nucleotide Analogs (2000)

A common problem in automated DNA sequencing when applying the Sanger chain termination method is ambiguous base calling caused by band compressions. Band compressions are caused by anomalies in the migration behavior of certain DNA fragments in the polyacrylamide gel because of intramolecular base pairing between guanine and cytosine residues. To reduce such undesired secondary structures, several modifications of the sequencing reaction parameters have been performed previously. Here, we have applied mixtures of the nucleotide analogs 7-deaza-dGTP and dITP instead of dGTP in the cycle sequencing reaction and in combination with varying buffer conditions. Band compressions were particularly well resolved, and reading length was optimal when a ratio of 7-deaza-dGTP:dITP of 4:1 was used in the in vitro DNA synthesis with AmpliTaq FS DNA polymerase. We conclude that the incorporation of both nucleotide analogs at these particular ratios leads to heterogeneous DNA chains that result in a reduction or elimination of intramolecular base pairing and thus a higher accuracy in the base assignment.
Independent Modal Space Control With Positive Position Feedback (1992)

This study presents an Independent Modal Space Control (IMSC) algorithm whose modal control forces are generated based on a Positive Position Feedback (PPF) strategy. This is in contrast to conventional modal controllers that rely in their opeation on negative feedback of the modal position and velocity. The proposed algorithm combines the attractive attributes of both the IMSC and the PPF. It maintains the simplicity of the IMSC as it designs the controller of a complex structure at the uncoupled modal level. At the same time, it utilizes only the modal position signal to provide a damping action to undamped modes. The paper presents the theory behind this algorithm when using first order filters to achieve the PPF effect. The optimal time constants of the filters are determined. The performance of the algorithm is enhanced by augmenting it with a “time sharing” strategy to share a small number of actuators between larger number of modes. The effectiveness of the algorithm in damping out the vibration of flexible structures is validated experimentally. A simple cantilevered beam is used as an example of a flexible structure whose multi-modes of vibration are controlled by a single actuator. A piezo-electric actuator is utilized, in this regard, as a part of a computer-controlled active control system. The performance of the active control system is determined in the time and the frequency domains. The results are compared with those obtained when using the IMSC, PPF with second order filters, the Psuedo-Inverse (PI) and a Modified Independent Modal Space Control (MIMSC). The experimental results suggest the potential of the proposed method as a viable means for controlling the vibration of large flexible structures.
RF Tomography with Application to Ground Penetrating Radar (2007)

RF tomography and ground penetrating radar are combined to detect and identify hidden targets, such as underground facilities and hard and deeply buried targets. Past experience in below-ground imaging is described, current measurement results are presented, and future plans are discussed.
Programmable Floating-Gate CMOS Resistors (2005)

In this paper, we propose implementations of highly linear floating-gate CMOS resistors that can be fully integrated in CMOS technology. Also, we analyze the second order effects of a single transistor operating in the linear operation regime and apply a linearization technique to suppress these nonlinearities. The resistance of the proposed circuits can be tuned by utilizing Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling and hot-electron injection quantum mechanical phenomena. Finally, we present experimental data from the chips that were fabricated in 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process.
Active intestinal elimination of ciprofloxacin in rats: modulation by different substrates (1999)

1. Two in vivo models, in the rat, were used to investigate, in the presence of different substrates, the overall and net intestinal elimination of ciprofloxacin: an open-intestinal perfusion model and an intestinal loop model respectively. 2. In the presence of quinidine, verapamil and cyclosporin (substrates of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp)), plasma AUCs of ciprofloxacin were 1.5 - 2 fold increased, while biliary clearance (1.5 - 2 fold), intestinal overall and net clearances (2 - 4 fold and 1.5 - 8 fold respectively) decreased. The weak effect obtained with cyclosporin as compared to verapamil and especially quinidine, suggests, for ciprofloxacin, the existence of transport systems distinct from the P-gp, as the OCT1 transporter which could be inhibited by quinidine. 3. With cephalexin and azlocillin, two beta-lactam antibiotics, plasma AUCs of ciprofloxacin increased and biliary and intestinal overall clearances decreased in a similar fashion (1.3 - 2 fold), suggesting the involvement of organic anion and/or cation transporters. 4. In the presence of structural analogues, the effect was dependent on the compound administered: Sparfloxacin had no effect on intestinal clearance of ciprofloxacin. In contrast, with pefloxacin, overall intestinal clearance of ciprofloxacin was decreased and net intestinal clearance increased. 5. The specificity of ciprofloxacin intestinal transport appears to be different from P-gp as outlined by the lack of competition with sparfloxacin, a P-gp substrate. Ciprofloxacin intestinal elimination seems to be mediated by organic anion and/or cation transporters and a mechanism sensitive to quinidine and verapamil.
Effects of herpes simplex virus on mRNA stability (1987)

Herpes simplex virus virions contain one or more functions which mediate shutoff of host protein synthesis, disaggregation of host polyribosomes, and degradation of host mRNA. We studied aspects of the host shutoff mechanism by using herpes simplex virus type 1 mutants deficient in virion-induced shutoff of host protein synthesis (G. S. Read and N. Frenkel, J. Virol. 46:498-512, 1983). Shutoff of host protein synthesis by the wild-type virus was associated with degradation of host mRNAs, including beta-actin, alpha-tubulin, and heat shock protein 70. In contrast, the virion host shutoff (vhs) mutants were deficient to various degrees in their ability to induce host mRNA degradation; the extent of mRNA degradation correlated well with the extent of inhibition of host protein synthesis. This finding suggests that inhibition of host protein synthesis and degradation of host mRNA were mediated by the same virion-associated function. Virion-induced degradation of host mRNA was not prevented by inhibitors of ribosome translocation, nor could it be augmented, for mutant vhs-1, by drugs which disaggregate polyribosomes. This suggests that mRNA in polyribosomes, as well as nonpolyribosomal mRNA, is susceptible to virion-induced degradation. Finally, the half-life of viral transcripts was also prolonged in cells infected with the vhs-1 mutant virus, suggesting that the vhs function indiscriminately decreased the half-lives of both host and viral mRNAs. The vhs function may thus play a dual role in virus infection. (i) It inhibits host gene expression, and (ii) it enables rapid transitions in the expression of viral genes which are sequentially transcribed as infection progresses.
The Pathogenicity of Ribonucleotide Reductase-Null Mutants of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Mice (1991)

The pathogenicity of ribonucleotide reductase (RR)-null mutants (hrR3 and ICP6 delta) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 was studied after intracerebral and corneal inoculation in newborn and adult ICR mice. ICP6 delta failed to replicate in brains of mice greater than or equal to 8 days old but exhibited significant virulence for newborn mice as a result of viral replication in the brains. The RR- and a thymidine kinase (TK)-deficient mutant of HSV-1 strain KOS could grow in eye tissues of adult ICR mice. Viral DNA of hrR3 was detected in brain tissues of intracerebrally infected mice or in the trigeminal ganglia of corneally infected mice greater than or equal to 50 days after infection, and infectious hrR3 could be recovered from these tissues by superinfection of the mice with wild-type HSV-2. These observations indicate that pathogenicity of RR- mutants in mice is highly dependent on the physiologic state of tissues infected and that RR- mutants have the ability to establish latency in nervous system tissues of mice by either the peripheral or intracerebral route. It was also demonstrated that the inability of the RR- mutants to invade the central nervous system was efficiently complemented by simultaneous infection with another defective virus, the TK- mutant of KOS.
Low colony formation in vivo and in culture as exhibited by metastatic melanoma cells selected for reduced homotypic aggregation. (1983)

A subpopulation of cells unable to aggregate in the presence of a high concentration of asialofetuin (400 micrograms/ml) has been isolated from the murine B16-F1 melanoma cells which aggregate readily at low asialofetuin concentrations (greater than 0.3 micrograms/ml). Cells of this variant cell lines, designated B16-F1-NA, exhibited also a reduced tendency to undergo homotypic aggregation in the presence of syngeneic serum. In culture, the B16-F1-NA cells spread on solid substrate more than the B16-F1, formed more focal contacts, and proliferated at a slower exponential rate. The pattern of the major cell surface proteins and glycoproteins was similar in the parental and variant cells except for a minor glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 150,000 which was labeled more intensely on the B16-F1 than on the B16-F1-NA cells. Colony formation in semisolid medium and the development of experimental metastases in the lungs of syngeneic mice were markedly reduced in the B16-F1-NA as compared with the parental cells. It is suggested that the ability to undergo aggregation in the presence of glycoproteins is an important property of malignant cells which may influence anchorage-independent growth and the formation of metastases.
Intermittent pneumatic compression to prevent proximal deep venous thrombosis during and after total hip replacement. A prospective, randomized study of compression alone, compression and aspirin, and compression and low-dose warfarin. (1991)

A prospective, randomized study of the effectiveness of intraoperative and postoperative use of intermittent pneumatic compression, alone or in combination with oral administration of either aspirin or low-dose warfarin, was done of a consecutive series of patients who had a total hip replacement and were more than thirty-nine years old. All patients began walking by the third postoperative day. One hundred and ninety-six patients who had 217 total hip arthroplasties were included. Twenty-eight per cent of the procedures were revisions of a previous total hip replacement or of an endoprosthesis, and the remainder were primary arthroplasties. Patients were randomized as to the type of prophylaxis that they received: intermittent pneumatic compression alone, seventy-six hips; intermittent pneumatic compression and aspirin, seventy-two hips; or intermittent pneumatic compression and low-dose warfarin, sixty-nine hips. Before discharge from the hospital, and at an average of seven days after the operation, all patients were evaluated for the presence of proximal deep-vein thrombosis with either venography on the side of the operation or with bilateral venous ultrasonography. The relative frequency with which thrombosis occurred in a proximal vein was not significantly different in the three groups; the over-all relative frequency was 10 per cent. Intermittent compression during and after the operation effectively reduces the rate of proximal-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. With the number of patients in our study, the effectiveness of this technique could not be shown to be augmented by oral administration of either aspirin or low-dose warfarin.
Binding of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59 to its receptor expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus depends on posttranslational processing of the receptor glycoprotein (1992)

Recently, we showed that a murine member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of glycoproteins serves as a cellular receptor (MHVR) for the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus A59 (MHV-A59) (G. S. Dveksler, M. N. Pensiero, C. B. Cardellichio, R. K. Williams, G.-S. Jiang, K. V. Holmes, and C. W. Dieffenbach, J. Virol. 65:6881-6891, 1991; R. K. Williams, G.-S. Jiang, and K. V. Holmes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:5533-5536, 1991). To examine the role of posttranscriptional modification of MHVR on virus-receptor interactions, a vaccinia virus-based expression system was employed. Expression from the vaccinia virus recombinant (Vac-MHVR) in BHK-21 cells resulted in high levels of MHVR glycoprotein on the cell surface and made these cells susceptible to MHV-A59 infection. Nonglycosylated core MHVR proteins were made in Vac-MHVR-infected BHK-21 cells in the presence of tunicamycin by in vitro translation of MHVR mRNA in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system in the absence of microsomal membranes and by expression of an N-terminal deletion clone of MHVR lacking its signal peptide. These three nonglycosylated MHVR proteins were recognized by polyclonal antibody against affinity-purified receptor but did not bind antireceptor monoclonal antibody (MAb) CC1 or MHV-A59 virions. Partial glycosylation of MHVR, either expressed in Vac-MHVR-infected cells treated with monensin or synthesized by in vitro translation with microsomal membranes, restored both the MAb CC1- and the virus-binding activities of the MHVR glycoprotein. Deletion of 26 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus of MHVR resulted in a secreted protein which was able to bind MAb CC1 and MHV-A59. These results suggest that either a carbohydrate moiety is an element of the MHVR-binding site(s) for virus and MAb CC1 or a posttranslational membrane-associated process is required for functional conformation of the receptor glycoprotein.
Structure and mobility within anisotropic networks obtained by photopolymerization of liquid crystal molecules (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and mobility within anisotropic networks obtained by photopolymerization of liquid crystal moleculesR. A. M. Hikmet, J. Lub, and P. Maassen van der BrinkCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 16, 4194–4199Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00042a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00042a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and Early Immune-Modulator Therapy (2017)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients, suggesting that a common mode of immune reaction may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of ARDS. There may be etiologic substances that have an affinity for respiratory cells and induce lung cell injury in cases of ARDS. These substances originate not only from pathogens, but also from injured host cells. At the molecular level, these substances have various sizes and biochemical characteristics, classifying them as protein substances and non-protein substances. Immune cells and immune proteins may recognize and act on these substances, including pathogenic proteins and peptides, depending upon the size and biochemical properties of the substances (this theory is known as the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis). The severity or chronicity of ARDS depends on the amount of etiologic substances with corresponding immune reactions, the duration of the appearance of specific immune cells, or the repertoire of specific immune cells that control the substances. Therefore, treatment with early systemic immune modulators (corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulin) as soon as possible may reduce aberrant immune responses in the potential stage of ARDS.
Regenerative sorption of nitric oxide: A concept for environmental control and kinetics for ferrous sorbents (1973)

Abstract A scheme for removing nitric oxide from flue gases and exhaust by regenerative sorption is proposed. Rates of sorption in the parts per million nitric oxide concentration range are presented for two ferrous sulphate‐silica gel sorbents. A kinetic model that correlates all observed room temperature data is derived.