gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional Trafficking of Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub>Receptors Involved in Long-Term Potentiation in Visual Cortex (2006)

Although prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has a broad spectrum of biological activities that have been confirmed by previous studies, the roles of PGE2 in synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CNS have yet to be characterized in detail. The present results of electrophysiological and biochemical studies indicated that PGE2 is actually produced in acute visual cortex slices in response to theta-burst stimulation (TBS) and is involved postsynaptically in TBS-induced LTP. RNA interference (RNAi) for PGE2 receptor subtypes EP2 and EP3, which are known to upregulate and downregulate the level of cAMP, respectively, induced significant decreases and increases of LTP, respectively. Moreover, analysis of the localization of receptor subtypes at the membrane surface or cytosol showed that stimuli such as TBS regulate the trafficking of EP2 and EP3 between the membrane and cytosol of the postsynapses, rising up to and leaving the membrane, respectively, resulting in increased and decreased expression of EP2 and EP3 at the membrane, respectively. Increased activation of EP2 and decreased activation of EP3 by PGE2 synergistically induce an increase in cAMP level, which may induce LTP. This causes activation of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) in the postsynaptic cells, which may be involved in the maintenance of LTP. These observations indicate that in TBS-induced LTP of the visual cortex, PGE2 is released from the postsynaptic cells and then activates PGE2 receptors at the postsynaptic membranes, which is regulated by trafficking of the differential PGE2 receptor subtypes in an activity-dependent bidirectional manner.
Community lost: the state, civil society, and displaced survivors of Hurricane Katrina (2012)

Neither government programs nor massive charitable efforts responded adequately to the human crisis that was Hurricane Katrina. In this study, the authors use extensive interviews with Katrina evacuees and reports from service providers to identify what helped or hindered the reestablishment of the lives of hurricane survivors who relocated to Austin, Texas. Drawing on social capital and social network theory, the authors assess the complementary, and often conflicting, roles of FEMA, other governmental agencies and a range of non-governmental organizations in addressing survivors' short- and longer-term needs. While these organizations came together to assist with immediate emergency needs, even collectively they could not deal with survivors' long-term needs for employment, affordable housing and personal records necessary to rebuild lives. Community Lost provides empirical evidence that civil society organizations cannot substitute for an efficient and benevolent state, which is necessary for society to function.
Barriers to inclusion: a case study of a pupil with severe learning difficulties in Ireland (2005)

The aim of this study was to examine the inclusion of a pupil with a severe general learning difficulty in a four‐teacher mainstream primary school, located in rural Ireland. The research employed a qualitative multiple operationism approach to data collection. Data were analysed qualitatively, and quantitative reporting and display procedures were also employed. This paper focuses on curricular and social access, the pupil’s perception, peers’ perception and the impact on peers. The study identified the existence of a number of dilemmas in seeking to secure successful inclusion. These included concerns over specialist teaching materials, mainstream teachers’ perception of meeting the needs of pupils with special educational needs as constituting an esoteric specialist domain, non‐disabled pupils’ lack of knowledge and understanding of learning disability, and the extent to which the pupil was included socially. Questions are raised about the model of support for inclusive education in Ireland.
A mobile-phone based field logging system for high quality Satsuma mandarin production (2011)

Satsuma Mandarin cultivated in Nanki, Mie, Japan is one of the most excellent rareripes. However, lack of agricultural continuators makes the translation of special agricultural skills much harder. Under these circumstances, advanced application of ICT to Mandarin production using the scientific evidences based on the sensing data is eagerly desired. In this sense, collaboration between ICT system developers and Mandarin growers should be necessary with sharing common understanding for the sustainable production of excellent Satsuma Mandarin based on the index for optimal irrigation control with sensing data. In this paper, we introduce a mobile-phone based data logging system with small rubber ball apparatus is proposed for cost effective way to collect cultivation diagnosis for Satsuma mandarin production. The data are collected to the server via internet and bring to each field worker via Web-based time-line UI, where they can compare other data such as temperature, the amount of isolation collected by local weather robot or reference user's data. The system was applied to a test field at test site in Kumano, Mie, Japan. In this paper, therefore, we tried to apply cutting-edge
Distinctive Molecular Forms of Thymidine Kinase in Mitochondria of Normal and Bromodeoxyuridine‐Resistant HeLa Cells (1973)

Disc polyacrylamide‐gel electrophoresis analyses have been carried out on the dT kinase activities of “cytosol” (high‐speed supernatant) and mitochondrial fractions of parental HeLa S3 and enzyme‐deficient HeLa(BU25) cells. The HeLa S3 cytosol fraction contained a very active dT kinase molecular form with a mobility relative to the tracking dye ( Rx ) of about 0.25. Conversion of HeLa S3 cells to dT‐kinase‐deficient HeLa(BU25) resulted in the loss of most of the cytosol dT kinase activity. The mitochondrial fraction of HeLa(BU25) cells did not contain the 0.25 R x activity, but did shown 2 more rapidly migrating molecular forms ( R x of 0.4 and 0.6–0.7). The mitochondrial fraction of parental HeLa S3 cells also exhibited the 0.4 and 0.6 to 0.7 R x dT kinase activities, and addition, contained the 0.25 R x cytosol‐like enzyme. The distinctive dT kinase molecular forms observed in the mitochondrial fraction account for most of the residual enzyme activity of mutant HeLa(BU25) cells.
Mechanisms of bunyavirus virulence. Comparative pathogenesis of a virulent strain of La Crosse and an avirulent strain of Tahyna virus. (1984)

To analyze mechanisms of virulence in the California serogroup bunyaviruses, the virulent La Crosse/original (LAC/original) strain was compared with the avirulent Tahyna/181-57 strain. In suckling mice, both viruses were lethal upon intracerebral injection but differed markedly in their neuroinvasiveness following subcutaneous injection; 20 and 20,000 plaque-forming units, respectively, were equivalent to 1 subcutaneous LD50. The sequential course of infection was followed after subcutaneous injection of 700 plaque-forming units; LAC/original replicated in striated muscle, caused a high titer plasma viremia, invaded the central nervous system, and killed all mice; the same dose of avirulent Tahyna/181-57 failed to replicate in extraneural tissues, did not invade the central nervous system, and caused no apparent illness. Immunofluorescent examination of peripheral and central nervous system tissues showed the same distinctions between virulent and avirulent viruses and pinpointed striated muscle as the major extraneural target of virulent LAC/original virus. Paradoxically, after intracerebral injection of suckling or adult mice, Tahyna/181-57 virus killed more quickly than LAC/original. This difference was correlated with replication differences; Tahyna/181-57 multiplied marginally faster in the brain than did LAC/original virus.
Communication Services For Networks On Chip (2003)

Networks are emerging as a possible solution for future on-chip interconnects. In this chapter, we show how networks on chip (NoC) are similar to and differ from both off-chip networks (e.g., computer networks) and current on-chip interconnects (e.g., buses). We re-examine their communication services in the context of NoCs. To enable a clean separation between the NoC and IP blocks, we provide services that abstract from network implementations. We define a request-response transaction model similar to bus protocols, to make our approach backward compatible. To exploit the full power of NoCs, we also provide connection-oriented communication with differentiated services. Examples are bandwidth guarantees, transaction orderings, and end-to-end flow control.
Thymidylate synthase inhibitors in cancer therapy: direct and indirect inhibitors. (1997)

In this review, an update of the present status of direct and indirect inhibitors of TS is discussed, as well as the future prospect for new drugs alone and in combination.
Porphyrin binding by the surface array virulence protein of Aeromonas salmonicida (1985)

Congo red binding by virulent A-layer-containing (A+) and avirulent A-layer-deficient (A-) strains of Aeromonas salmonicida was examined. Congo red binding to A+ cells was enhanced by salt and thus hydrophobically driven, but at low Congo red concentrations binding was salt independent. Congo red was bound by A+ cells by a kinetically distinct mechanism (Kd, 0.25 microM) which was absent in A- isogenic strains. Purified A-layer protein ("A protein") protein A also bound Congo red with similar affinity (Kd, 0.40 microM). Congo red binding was structurally specific; it was not influenced by a wide variety of compounds including amino acids and nucleotides and only weakly inhibited by structurally similar dyes. However, protoporphyrin IX and hemin were strong competitive inhibitors of Congo red binding. Protoporphyrin and hemin were bound only by A+ strains (KdS of 0.41 and 0.63 microM, respectively). Furthermore, binding of these porphyrins was strongly inhibited by Congo red but weakly inhibited by hematoporphyrin. Purified A protein also bound protoporphyrin IX and hemin with affinities similar to those of A+ cells (KdS of 0.94 and 0.41 microM, respectively.
Reviews of Books (1900)

Reviews of Books Get access W. H. H. W. H. H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XV, Issue LIX, July 1900, Pages 611-c–612, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XV.LIX.611-c Published: 01 July 1900
Asymptomatic hemochromatosis subjects: genotypic and phenotypic profiles (2000)

Screening for hereditary hemochromatosis (HHC) by means of transferrin saturation (TS) levels has been advocated and will identify many patients who are asymptomatic. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine HFE genotypes among asymptomatic HHC patients and correlate this profile with the degree of iron overload and (2) to evaluate the relationship between mobilized iron (mob Fe), age, serum ferritin (SF), and quantitative hepatic iron (QHI) in this population. One hundred twenty-three asymptomatic HHC patients were evaluated; all had quantitative phlebotomy to determine mob Fe and genotyping for C282Y and H63D mutations. Liver biopsies with QHI determinations were performed on 72 of the 123 patients. Of the entire group, 60% were homozygous for C282Y, and 13% were compound heterozygotes (C282Y/H63D). Among asymptomatic patients, the prevalence of homozygous C282Y is lower compared with previous studies that include clinically affected patients. Of those patients with more than 4 g mob Fe, 77% were homozygous C282Y. Asymptomatic patients with lower iron burdens frequently had genotypes other than homozygous C282Y. There was no correlation between age and mob Fe in these patients; however, there was a correlation between mob Fe and both SF (r = 0.68) and QHI (r = 0.75). In conclusion, asymptomatic patients with moderate iron overload had a different genotypic profile than was seen in advanced iron overload. The significance of identifying patients with modest degrees of iron loading, who may not be homozygous for C282Y, must be addressed if routine TS screening is to be implemented.
1.3‐Dipolare Cycloadditionen, XXXVIII. Reaktionen der Sydnone mit Benz‐in und mit einigen Heteromehrfachbindungen (1968)

Abstract N ‐Phenyl‐sydnon ( 3 ) vereinigt sich schon bei 30–40° mit Benz‐in ( 2 ) zu 2‐Phenyl‐indazol ( 5 ). C ‐Methyl‐ N ‐phenyl‐sydnon ( 6 ) reagiert mit Benzaldehyd bzw. Anisaldehyd unter Ringöffnung zu Aryliden‐[ N ‐acetyl‐phenylhydrazinen] ( 8, 9 ). Gleichartig vollzieht sich die Reaktion des N ‐Phenyl‐sydnons mit 4.4′‐Dimethoxy‐thiobenzophenon zu 11 .
Functional expression of cloned yeast DNA in Escherichia coli. (1977)

A collection of hybrid circular DNAs was constructed in vitro using the poly(dA-dT) "connector" method: each hybrid circle contained one molecule of poly(dT)-tailed DNA of plasmid ColE1 (made linear by digestion with EcoRI endonuclease) annealed to a poly(dA)-tailed fragment of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) DNA, produced originally by shearing total yeast DNA to an average size of 8 X 10(6) daltons. This DNA preparation was used to transform E. coli cells, selecting colicin-E1-resistant clones that contain hybrid ColE1-yeast DNA plasmids. Sufficient numbers of transformant clones were obtained to ensure that the hybrid plasmid population was representative of the entire yeast genome. Various hybrid ColE1-yeast DNA plasmids capable of complementing E. coli auxotrophic mutations were selected from this population. Plasmid pYeleu 10 complements several different point or deletion mutations in the E. coli or S. typhimurium leuB gene (beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase); plasmids pYeleu11, pYeleu12, and pYeleu17 are specific suppressors of the leuB6 mutation in E. coli C600. Plasmid pYehis2 complements a deletion in the E. coli hisB gene (imidazole glycerol phosphate dehydratase). Complementation of bacterial mutations by yeast DNA segments does not appear to be a rare phenomenon.
Direct photopatterning of light-activated gold nanoparticles (2011)

Photoactivatable gold NPs were patterned viaphotolithography. In this approach, charge reversal of the ligands on NPs upon UV irradiation induces crosslinking to generate stable NP patterns.
Prediction of HBT ACPR using the Gummel Poon large signal model (2002)

The ability of the Gummel Poon model to predict HBT ACPR is investigated. It is shown that with proper parameter extraction, the Gummel Poon model is capable of predicting ACPR for NADC and O-QPSK CDMA. Several examples of measured versus modeled performance are given along with a detailed discussion of the parameter extraction methodology.
Titanium dioxide dielectric films formed by rapid thermal oxidation (1989)

High dielectric constant titanium dioxide thin films have been formed on silicon substrates by the rapid thermal oxidation of evaporated titanium. Oxidation of titanium at temperatures between 450 and 800 °C for periods of 1–60 s has been studied. Rutile polycrystalline layers of 800–2000 Å thickness were formed. Dielectric constants were in the range of 58–77 for titanium dioxide on silicon. High oxidization temperatures gave leakage currents of 10−7 A at 0.3 MV cm−1 for a 1500-Å-thick layer, and potential is seen for improved results with thinner layers.
Carrier-Free, Chemophotodynamic Dual Nanodrugs via Self-Assembly for Synergistic Antitumor Therapy (2016)

There are tremendous challenges from both tumor and its therapeutic formulations affecting the effective treatment of tumor, including tumor recurrence, and complex multistep preparations of formulation. To address these issues, herein a simple and green approach based on the self-assembly of therapeutic agents including a photosensitizer (chlorine e6, Ce6) and a chemotherapeutic agent (doxorubicin, DOX) was developed to prepare carrier-free nanoparticles (NPs) with the ability to inhibit tumor recurrence. The designed NPs were formed by self-assembly of Ce6 and DOX associated with electrostatic, π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions. They have a relatively uniform size of average 70 nm, surface charge of -20 mV and high drug encapsulation efficiency, which benefits the favorable accumulation of drugs at the tumor region through a potential enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect as compared to their counterpart of free Ce6 solution. In addition, they could eradiate tumors without recurrence in a synergistic way following one treatment cycle. Furthermore, the NPs are safe without any activation of inflammation or immune response in separated organs. Taken together, the rationale of these pure nanodrugs via the self-assembly approach might open an alternative avenue and give inspiration to fabricate new carrier-free nanodrugs for tumor theranostics, especially for two small molecular antitumor drugs with the aim of combinational antitumor therapy in a synergistic way.
Impaired cardiac contractile function in ventricular myocytes from leptin-deficient ob/ob obese mice (2006)

The level of the obese gene product leptin is often positively correlated with body weight, supporting the notion that hyperleptinemia contributes to obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction. However, a link between leptin levels and cardiac function has not been elucidated. This study was designed to examine the role of leptin deficiency (resulting from a point mutation of the leptin gene) in cardiomyocyte contractile function. Mechanical properties and intracellular Ca(2+) transients were evaluated in ventricular myocytes from lean control and leptin-deficient ob/ob obese mice at 12 weeks of age. Cardiac ultrastructure was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. ob/ob mice were overtly obese, hyperinsulinemic, hypertriglycemic, hypoleptinemic and euglycemic. Ultrastructural examination revealed swelling and disorganization of cristae in mitochondria from ob/ob mouse ventricular tissues. Cardiomyocytes from ob/ob mice displayed reduced expression of the leptin receptor Ob-R, larger cross-sectional area, decreased peak shortening and maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening, and prolonged relengthening but not shortening duration compared with lean counterparts. Consistent with mechanical characteristics, myocytes from ob/ob mice displayed reduced intracellular Ca(2+) release upon electrical stimulus associated with a slowed intracellular Ca(2+) decay rate. Interestingly, the contractile aberrations seen in ob/ob myocytes were significantly improved by in vitro leptin incubation. Contractile dysfunction was not seen in age- and gender-matched high fat-induced obese mice. These results suggested that leptin deficiency contributes to cardiac contractile dysfunction characterized by both systolic and diastolic dysfunction, impaired intracellular Ca(2+) hemostasis and ultrastructural derangement in ventricular myocytes.
The Use of Sweep and Dihedral in Multistage Axial Flow Compressor Blading: Part II — Low and High Speed Designs and Test Verification (2002)

This paper describes the introduction of 3D blade designs into the core compressors of the Rolls-Royce Trent engine series with particular emphasis on the use of sweep and dihedral in the rotor designs. It follows the development of the basic ideas in a university research project, through multistage low-speed model testing, to their application to the high pressure engine compressor. An essential element of the project was the use of multistage CFD and some of the development of the method to allow the designs to take place is also discussed. Part I of the paper concentrated on the fundamental university-based research and the methods development. Part II describes additional low-speed multistage design and testing and the high-speed engine compressor designs and tests.
Parenting Culture Studies (2014)

Why have the minutiae of how parents raise their children become routine sources of public debate and policy making? This book provides in-depth answers to these features drawing on a wide range of so
Geometry dependence of intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer in synthetic zinc-ferric hybrid diporphyrins (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeometry dependence of intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer in synthetic zinc-ferric hybrid diporphyrinsAtsuhiro Osuka, Kazuhiro Maruyama, Noboru Mataga, Tsuyoshi Asahi, Iwao Yamazaki, and Naoto TamaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 12, 4958–4959Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00168a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00168a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views416Altmetric-Citations147LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Presynaptic modulation of acetylcholine release from cardiac parasympathetic neurons (1985)

Acetylcholine can be released from parasympathetic nerve endings in rat atria by 57 mM K+ depolarization or by electrical field stimulation. We have studied the presynaptic modulation of [3H]acetylcholine release from superfused rat atria prelabeled with [3H]choline. Exogenous acetylcholine and the specific muscarinic agonist oxotremorine inhibit the stimulation-induced overflow of [3H]acetylcholine into the superfusion medium. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of oxotremorine is 0.3 microM. The cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine also decreases K+-stimulated [3H]acetylcholine overflow, whereas the muscarinic antagonist atropine enhances the overflow of [3H]acetylcholine. These data suggest that acetylcholine release in atria is modulated through negative feedback by the endogenous transmitter. The sympathetic adrenergic neurotransmitter norepinephrine and the neurohormone epinephrine also inhibit the overflow of [3H]acetylcholine by approximately 60%. The IC50 values for the inhibitory effects of these catecholamines are 6.3 and 2.2 microM, respectively. The inhibitory effect of norepinephrine is blocked by the alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine but not by the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol. We suggest that presynaptic muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic receptors participate in the physiological and pharmacological control of cardiac parasympathetic activity.