gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oscillating behavior of carbohydrate granule formation and dinitrogen fixation in the cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142 (1994)

It has been shown that some aerobic, unicellular, diazotrophic cyanobacteria temporally separate photosynthetic O2 evolution and oxygen-sensitive N2 fixation. Cyanothece sp. ATCC strain 51142 is an aerobic, unicellular, diazotrophic cyanobacterium that fixes N2 during discrete periods of its cell cycle. When the bacteria are maintained under diurnal light-dark cycles, N2 fixation occurs in the dark. Similar cycling is observed in continuous light, implicating a circadian rhythm. Under N2-fixing conditions, large inclusion granules form between the thylakoid membranes. Maximum granulation, as observed by electron microscopy, occurs before the onset of N2 fixation, and the granules decrease in number during the period of N2 fixation. The granules can be purified from cell homogenates by differential centrifugation. Biochemical analyses of the granules indicate that these structures are primarily carbohydrate, with some protein. Further analyses of the carbohydrate have shown that it is a glucose polymer with some characteristics of glycogen. It is proposed that N2 fixation is driven by energy and reducing power stored in these inclusion granules. Cyanothece sp. strain ATCC 51142 represents an excellent experimental organism for the study of the protective mechanisms of nitrogenase, metabolic events in cyanobacteria under normal and stress conditions, the partitioning of resources between growth and storage, and biological rhythms.
From Icon to Metaphor: Studies in the Semiotics of the Hieroglyphs (1995)

Goldwasser, Orly (1995). From Icon to Metaphor: Studies in the Semiotics of the Hieroglyphs. Fribourg, Switzerland / Göttingen, Germany: University Press / Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Local Character of Readthrough Activation in Adenovirus Type 5 Early Region 1 Transcription Control (2003)

Wild-type early activity of the adenovirus 5 E1b gene promoter requires readthrough transcription originating from the adjacent upstream E1a gene. This unusual mode of viral transcription activation was identified by genetic manipulation of the mouse beta(maj)-globin gene transcription termination sequence (GGT) inserted into the E1a gene. To facilitate further study of the mechanism of readthrough activation, the activities of GGT and a composite termination sequence CT were tested in recombinant adenoviruses containing luciferase reporters driven by the E1b promoter. There was a strict correlation between readthrough and substantial downstream gene expression, indicating that interference with downstream transcription was not a unique property of GGT. Blockage of readthrough transcription of E1a had no apparent effect on early expression of the major late promoter, the next active promoter downstream of E1b. A test for epistatic interaction between termination sequence insertions and E1a enhancer mutations suggested that readthrough activation and E1a enhancer activation of the E1b promoter are mechanistically distinct. In addition, substitution of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter for the E1b promoter suppressed the requirement for readthrough. These results suggest that readthrough activation is a "local" effect of a direct interaction between the invading transcription elongation complex and the E1b promoter. DNase I hypersensitivity footprinting provided evidence that this interaction altered an extensive E1b promoter DNA-protein complex that was assembled in the absence of readthrough transcription.
Pharmacodynamics of combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives: Effects on metabolism (2016)

The pharmacodynamic effects of various combined oral estrogen-progestin combinations (COC) are examined for their components alone or in the various combined formulations. Special emphasis is given to products containing natural estrogens. Areas covered: Recent information on the effect of androgens, estrogens, progestins, as well as various COC combinations on the coagulation cascade will be reviewed aiming at providing an updated picture. The present article reviews hemostatic changes occurring during use of classic and modern combinations of estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, estradiol valerate and estetrol) and new progestins (desogestrel, gestodene, dienogest, drospirenone, nomegestrol acetate), compared to classic compounds, such as levonorgestrel. Both pro- and anti-coagulatory effects of COC in healthy women are detailed and possible links with incidence of thromboembolic events are discussed. Expert commentary: Overall, the picture is reassuring: the use of natural estrogens and of new generation progestins has reduced pro-coagulatory changes in healthy subjects, although the observed differences in the risk of venous thromboembolism between second and third generation progestins is still incompletely understood. At the same time, there still is a need for large comparative and surveillance studies before firm conclusions can be drawn. At any rate, available evidence indicates that hemostatic effects of the newer COC, especially those utilizing natural estrogens, are minimal and often remain with the normal range.
Frequency-resolved optical gating for complete reconstruction of attosecond bursts (2005)

We describe a method for the complete temporal characterization of attosecond extreme ultraviolet (xuv) fields. An electron wave packet is generated in the continuum by photoionizing atoms with the attosecond field, and a low-frequency dressing laser pulse is used as a phase gate for frequency-resolved-optical-gating-like measurements on this wave packet. This method is valid for xuv fields of an arbitrary temporal structure, e.g., trains of nonidentical attosecond pulses. It establishes a direct connection between the main attosecond characterization techniques demonstrated experimentally so far, and considerably extends their scope, thus providing a general perspective on attosecond metrology.
Unprecedented Binding Mode of Hydroxamate-Based Inhibitors of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II: Structural Characterization and Biological Activity (2016)

Inhibition of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is effective in preclinical models of neurological disorders associated with excessive activation of glutamatergic systems. Here we report synthesis, structural characterization, and biological activity of new hydroxamic acid-based inhibitors with nanomolar affinity for human GCPII. Crystal structures of GCPII/hydroxamate complexes revealed an unprecedented binding mode in which the putative P1' glutarate occupies the spacious entrance funnel rather than the conserved glutamate-binding S1' pocket. This unique binding mode provides a mechanistic explanation for the structure-activity relationship data, most notably the lack of enantiospecificity and the tolerance for bulky/hydrophobic functions as substituents of a canonical glutarate moiety. The in vivo pharmacokinetics profile of one of the inhibitors will be presented along with analgesic efficacy data from the rat chronic constrictive injury model of neuropathic pain.
A COMPARISON OF TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION METHODS FOR GUIDED WAVE STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING (2008)

The sensitivity to damage achievable by guided wave structural health monitoring systems is limited by the repeatability of recorded signals under normal operating conditions. Direct subtraction of reference signals leads to unacceptably high post‐subtraction noise in the presence of modest temperature changes due to variations in reflections from benign structural features, hence temperature compensation is necessary. In this paper, various numerical compensation strategies are investigated. It is concluded that a combination of stretching and translating time‐traces provides reasonable compensation performance for modest temperature changes.
Segmentation of pathological features in MRI brain datasets (2002)

One of the major clinical applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is to detect pathological features in human body parts. While results are available in a digital format, their evaluation is performed by a trained human observer, which is still considered as the "gold standard". However, providing additional quantitative figures (e.g., lesion size or count) is tedious for a human and may better be obtained from automatical image processing methods. Three example brain lesion types (as revealed by MRI) and methods for their detection are described. Special emphasis is led on the way prior knowledge about the specific lesion type is incorporated in the algorithm.
Beta-Algebra: Towards a Relational Algebra for Graph Analysis (2015)

International audience
The Incidence of Physical Defects in Negro Children (1937)

Alonzo de G. Smith, Nolan A. Owens, The Incidence of Physical Defects in Negro Children, The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 6, No. 3, The Health Status and Health Education of Negroes in the United States (Jul., 1937), pp. 393-395
Individual crypt genetic heterogeneity and the origin of metaplastic glandular epithelium in human Barrett’s oesophagus (2008)

By studying clonality at the crypt level we demonstrate that Barrett's heterogeneity arises from multiple independent clones, in contrast to the selective sweep to fixation model of clonal expansion previously described. We suggest that the squamous gland ducts situated throughout the oesophagus are the source of a progenitor cell that may be susceptible to gene mutation resulting in conversion to Barrett's metaplastic epithelium. Additionally, these data suggest that wild-type ducts may be the source of neo-squamous islands.
Improvement of a MPPT Algorithm for PV Systems and Its Experimental Validation (2017)

The amount of power generated from a photovoltaic (PV) system mainly depends on the following factors, such as temperatures and solar irradiances. According to the high cost and low efficiency of a PV system, it should be operated at the maximum power point (MPP) which changes with solar irradiances or load variations. This paper presents an improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm of a PV system under real climatic conditions. The proposed MPPT is based on the perturbation and observation (P&O) strategy and the variable step method that control the load voltage to ensure optimal operating points of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented by a dSPACE DSP controller. The experimental results show that the PV power system, using the proposed MPPT algorithm, is able to accurately track maximum power points (with minimum steady-state power oscillations) under rapid irradiance variations.
Rocket Propellant Characteristics of Silanes/O2 (2006)

We present a theoretical analysis of the applicability of various silicon hydrides (silanes) as rocket propellants. Thermodynamic data sets for 12 different silanes ranging from monosilane SiH4 to pentasilane Si5H12 were generated based on existing data. They were derived from empirically corrected thermochemical ab initio calculations and used in conjunction with the well-known computer packages NASA CEA2 and CHEMKIN to calculate equilibrium compositions and rocket performance indices. The thermodynamic datasets are now publicly available online for future calculations. Chemical equilibrium combustion compositions and adiabatic flame temperatures in rocket combustion chambers and the specific impulses at the nozzle exit assuming shifting equilibrium were calculated for several silane fuels using oxygen as oxidizer. The computational results created by CEA2 and CHEMKIN are in very good agreement to each other and are compared to conventional fuels such as liquid hydrogen (LH), hydrocarbons and hydrazines. Compared to alkane fuels, the combustion of silanes with oxygen-despite the much higher average molecular mass of the combustion products-results in similar maximum specific impulses and adiabatic flame temperatures due to the high positive values of the heats of formation of the silanes, indicating that silanes may be interesting candidates as rocket propulsion fuels.
Dynamic multipath routing in networks and switches carrying connection-oriented traffic (2002)

We propose a dynamic multipath routing (DMPR) scheme to improve resource utilization of a network for a given quality of service (QoS) in carrying delay sensitive traffic. The proposed scheme takes advantage of available alternate routes which can be used beneficially in communication networks or switches, without increasing the network latency. Through a simulation study of circuit-switched, virtual circuit-switched (ATM) and packet-switched (Internet) networks we demonstrate the benefit of using DMPR over a single-path routing (SPR) scheme. We also discuss the implementation aspects of the DMPR scheme in data networks and the overhead associated with it.
Evidence based evaluation method for grid-based environmental representation (2009)

Future driver assistance applications and safety systems require a high reliable and comprehensive description of the surrounding environment. The quality of this environmental description depends on the accuracy, reliability and the interpretation of the sensor's measurements. In this paper an evaluation method is introduced based on two quality metrics derived from the Dempster-Shafer theory. Applying these quality metrics different inverse sensor models are evaluated and compared in order to determine which inverse sensor model represents the most reliable and the most comprehensive interpretation, which application area (near, middle, far field) is optimal and which discrepancy to an optimal representation is achieved.
Insulin action on muscle protein kinetics and amino acid transport during recovery after resistance exercise. (1999)

We have determined the individual and combined effects of insulin and prior exercise on leg muscle protein synthesis and degradation, amino acid transport, glucose uptake, and alanine metabolism. Normal volunteers were studied in the postabsorptive state at rest and about 3 h after a heavy leg resistance exercise routine. The leg arteriovenous balance technique was used in combination with stable isotopic tracers of amino acids and biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle. Insulin was infused into a femoral artery to increase the leg insulin concentrations to high physiologic levels without substantively affecting the whole-body level. Protein synthesis and degradation were determined as rates of intramuscular phenylalanine utilization and appearance, and muscle fractional synthetic rate (FSR) was also determined. Leg blood flow was greater after exercise than at rest (P&lt;0.05). Insulin accelerated blood flow at rest but not after exercise (P&lt;0.05). The rates of protein synthesis and degradation were greater during the postexercise recovery (65+/-10 and 74+/-10 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml(-1) leg volume, respectively) than at rest (30+/-7 and 46+/-8 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml(-1) leg volume, respectively; P&lt;0.05). Insulin infusion increased protein synthesis at rest (51+/-4 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml(-1) leg volume) but not during the postexercise recovery (64+/-9 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml(-1) leg volume; P&lt;0.05). Insulin infusion at rest did not change the rate of protein degradation (48+/-3 nmol x min(-1) 100 ml(-1) leg volume). In contrast, insulin infusion after exercise significantly decreased the rate of protein degradation (52+/-9 nmol x min(-1) x 100 ml(-1) leg volume). The insulin stimulatory effects on inward alanine transport and glucose uptake were three times greater during the postexercise recovery than at rest (P&lt;0.05). In contrast, the insulin effects on phenylalanine, leucine, and lysine transport were similar at rest and after exercise. In conclusion, the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake and alanine transport and to suppress protein degradation in skeletal muscle is increased after resistance exercise. Decreased amino acid availability may limit the stimulatory effect of insulin on muscle protein synthesis after exercise.
Synthesis and Theoretical Calculations of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivatives as Potential Analgesic Agents (2008)

5-Aminosalicylic acid is one of the drugs most commonly used for inflammatory bowel disease treatment, although its use is limited due to side effects. The aim of this work was to synthesize four 5-ASA derivatives (1-4) and analyze their pharmacological effects. The compound structures were elucidated by spectral (IR and 1H and 13C-NMR) analysis, and their analgesic effects and lethal doses 50 (LD50) were evaluated in the mouse model. In addition, their Log Ps and affinities for both cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX I and COX II) were evaluated through theoretical calculations. All compounds showed analgesic activities from 0.1 mg/Kg to 16 mg/Kg in the mouse model. The imides showed more affinity by COX enzymes and their Log Ps were the highest. The docking calculations showed that all compounds have good affinities for COX I and COX II ( identical with 1 microM), making pi-pi, van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds. The toxicities of all compounds were low, judging by the LD50. Finally, the docking analysis show that the compounds act on COX enzymes and their analgesic effects could be mediated in part by the inhibition of these enzymes.
Twilight of the Idols: Performance, Melodramatic Villainy, and Sunset Boulevard (2007)

Research Article| July 01 2007 Twilight of the Idols: Performance, Melodramatic Villainy, and Sunset Boulevard AARON TAYLOR AARON TAYLOR Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Film and Video (2007) 59 (2): 13–31. https://doi.org/10.2307/20688556 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation AARON TAYLOR; Twilight of the Idols: Performance, Melodramatic Villainy, and Sunset Boulevard. Journal of Film and Video 1 January 2007; 59 (2): 13–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/20688556 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressJournal of Film and Video Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2007 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2007 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Empirical codon substitution matrix (2005)

The amount of genomic data currently available allowed for the construction of an empirical codon substitution matrix. However, more sequence data is still needed to construct matrices from different subsets of DNA, specific to kingdoms, evolutionary distance or different amount of synonymous change. Codon mutation matrices have advantages for alignments up to medium evolutionary distances and for usages that require DNA such as ancestral reconstruction of DNA sequences and the calculation of Ka/Ks ratios.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (2004)

An authoritative, up-to-date resource on the often intimidating technical enigma of CMR, Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: Established and Emerging Applications consolidates a wide and growing body of information into a single balanced source. This highly illustrated text provides current and practical information on established foundational applications of CMR. Its presentation of state-of-the-art therapeutic applications in various stages of development gives the novice and experienced cardiologist a look into the future of CMR. The editors have selected authors from a broad field of academic and private practice clinicians, academic and industrial biomedical engineers, and MR technologists.
Liquid Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry Method for Fructosylarginine, an Antioxidant in the Aged Garlic Extract (2003)

A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method for fructosylarginine (Fru-Arg) has been developed. Fru-Arg is an antioxidant isolated from aged garlic extract. Fru-Arg is less stable in basic conditions than in acidic or neutral conditions. The half-life of Fru-Arg was 2.6 and 20.5 hours at pH 12.8 and 11.0 respectively. No degradation was observed in a phosphate buffer of pH 4.0 or less within 24 hours. LC/MS method was developed for the direct determination of Fru-Arg in aged garlic extract using an amino column. The results were obtained by the LC/MS method without pre-treatment or extraction of the sample. This new method was demonstrated to be quite useful because of its high sensitivity and speed of analysis. A kinetic study was performed to study the decomposition of Fru-Arg at various pH.
Linear and Nonlinear Compensation for 8-QAM SC-400G Long-Haul Transmission Systems (2017)

Digital signal processing (DSP) with both linear equalization and nonlinear compensation for the single-carrier 400G system based on 84-GBaud polarization-division multiplexing 8QAM signals is studied in this paper. The 8QAM signals are generated and preprocessed with pre-equalization and lookup table predistortion at the transmitter (Tx)-side. The implementation principles of training-based adaptive equalization and predistortion are presented in this paper with experimental studies on the tap and memory length. At the receiver (Rx)-side, fiber-nonlinearity compensation based on digital backward propagation is also utilized to further improve the transmission performance. Thanks to the Tx-side and Rx-side DSPs, eight channels of 400G are successfully transmitted over 2125 km SSMF with EDFA-only amplification.
Perceptually lossless image compression (1997)

Summary form only given. This paper presents an algorithm for perceptually lossless image compression. The approach utilizes properties of the human visual system in the form of a perceptual threshold function (PTF) model. The PTF model determines the amount of distortion that can be introduced at each location of the image. Thus, constraining all quantization errors to levels below the PTF results in perceptually lossless image compression. The system employs a modified form of the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coding algorithm that limits the quantization errors of the wavelet transform coefficients to levels below those specified by the model of the perceptual threshold function. Experimental results demonstrate perceptually lossless compression of monochrome images at bit rates ranging from 0.4 to 1.2 bits per pixel at a viewing distance of six times the image height and at bit rates from 0.2 to 0.5 bits per pixel at a viewing distance of twelve times the image height.
Identification of triterpenoid compounds of <i>Centella asiatica</i> by thin‐layer chromatography and mass spectrometry (2005)

The identification of the four principal triterpenoid components of Centella asiatica has been achieved by TLC on silica gel plates and mass spectrometry, as a modification of the method described in the European Pharmacopoeia (5th edn). A combination of ethyl acetate and methanol as the mobile phase was found to be successful in separating these compounds from the rest of the main components of the extract. The spots were detected with anisaldehyde solution. The separated compounds were confirmed by MALDI -TOF mass spectrometry.