gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Reactive Site Location on the Inhibitory Properties of the Serpin α1-Antichymotrypsin (2002)

The large size of the serpin reactive site loop (RSL) suggests that the role of the RSL in protease inhibition is more complex than that of presenting the reactive site (P1 residue) to the protease. This study examines the effect on inhibition of relocating the reactive site (Leu-358) of the serpin alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin either one residue closer (P2) or further (P1') from the base of the RSL (Glu-342). alpha(1)-Antichymotrypsin variants were produced by mutation within the P4-P2' region; the sequence ITLLSA was changed to ITLSSA to relocate the reactive site to P2 (Leu-357) and to ITITLS to relocate it to P1' (Leu-359). Inhibition of the chymotrypsin-like proteases human chymase and chymotrypsin and the non-target protease human neutrophil elastase (HNE) were analyzed. The P2 variant inhibited chymase and chymotrypsin but not HNE. Relative to P1, interaction at P2 was characterized by greater complex stability, lower inhibition rate constants, and increased stoichiometry of inhibition values. In contrast, the P1' variant inhibited HNE (stoichiometry of inhibition = 4) but not chymase or chymotrypsin. However, inhibition of HNE was by interaction with Ile-357, the P2 residue. The P1' site was recognized by all proteases as a cleavage site. Covalent-complexes resistant to SDS-PAGE were observed in all inhibitory reactions, consistent with the trapping of the protease as a serpin-acyl protease complex. The complete loss in inhibitory activity associated with lengthening the Glu-342-reactive site distance by a single residue and the enhanced stability of complexes associated with shortening this distance by a single residue are compatible with the distorted-protease model of inhibition requiring full insertion of the RSL into the body of the serpin and translocation of the linked protease to the pole opposite from that of encounter.
NiftyNet: a deep-learning platform for medical imaging (2018)

The NiftyNet infrastructure enables researchers to rapidly develop and distribute deep learning solutions for segmentation, regression, image generation and representation learning applications, or extend the platform to new applications.
중국 상품에 대한 지각된 위험이 상품평가, 신뢰 및 구매지연에 미치는 영향 (2016)

중국은 세계최대의 상품수출국으로써 한국과의 교류가 빈번해지며 한국에서 유통․판매되는 중국 상품이 증가하므로 한국 소비자들의 중국 상품에 대한 관심과 소비도 증가되었다. 그러므로 한국 소비자의 중국 상품 구매에 대한 연구가 현실적으로 많은 가치가 있고, 연구할 필요성이 있어 보인다.
본 연구는 구매지연의 관점에서 새롭게 입각하여 소비자의...
Inverse Problem of Ultrasound Beamforming With Sparsity Constraints and Regularization (2017)

Ultrasound (US) beamforming is the process of reconstructing an image from acquired echo traces on several transducer elements. Typical beamforming approaches, such as delay-and-sum, perform simple projection operations, while techniques using statistical information also exist, e.g., adaptive, phase coherence, delay-multiply-and-sum, and sparse coding approaches. Inspired by the feasibility and success of inverse problem (IP) formulations in several image reconstruction problems, such as computed tomography, we herein devise an IP approach for US beamforming. We define a linear forward model for the synthesis of the beamformed image, and solve its IP thanks to several intuitive and physics-based constraints and regularization terms proposed. These reflect the prior knowledge about the spectra of carrier signal and spatial coherence of modulated signal. These constraints admit effective formulation through sparse representations. Our proposed method was evaluated for plane-wave imaging (PWI) that transmits unfocused waves, enabling high frame rates with large field of view at the expense of much lower image quality with conventional beamforming techniques. Results are evaluated in numerical simulations, as well as tissue-mimicking phantoms and in vivo data provided by PWI challenge in medical US. The best results achieved by our proposed techniques are 0.39-mm full-width at half-maximum for spatial resolution and 16.3-dB contrast-to-noise ratio, using a single plane-wave transmit.
A Large Serial Time-Division Multiplexed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network (2012)

We demonstrated a wavelength scanning time division multiplexing of 1000 ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) for distributed temperature sensing. The strong multiplexing capability and low crosstalk of the ultra-weak FBG sensors is investigated through both theoretical analysis and experiment. An automated FBG fabrication system was developed for fast 1000-FBG fabrication. The measurement accuracy of Bragg wavelengths for more than 80% FBGs is less than 20 pm, corresponding to 2 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex> </formula> C in temperature.
Localization and Functional Relevance of System A Neutral Amino Acid Transporters in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons (2002)

Glutamine and alanine are important precursors for the synthesis of glutamate. Provided to neurons by neighboring astrocytes, these amino acids are internalized by classical system A amino acid carriers. In particular, System A transporter (SAT1) is a highly efficient glutamine transporter, whereas SAT2 exhibits broad specificity for neutral amino acids with a preference for alanine. We investigated the localization and the functional relevance of SAT1 and SAT2 in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons. Both carriers have been expressed since early developmental stages and are uniformly distributed throughout all neuronal processes. However, whereas SAT1 is present in axonal growth cones and can be detected at later developmental stages at the sites of synaptic contacts, SAT2 does not appear to be significantly expressed in these compartments. The non-metabolizable amino acid analogue -(methylamino)-isobutyric acid, a competitive inhibitor of system A carriers, significantly reduced miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude in neurons growing on top of astrocytes, being ineffective in pure neuronal cultures. -(Methylamino)-isobutyric acid did not alter neuronal responsitivity to glutamate, thus excluding a postsynaptic effect. These data indicate that system A carriers are expressed with a different subcellular distribution in hippocampal neurons and play a crucial role in controlling the astrocyte-mediated supply of glutamatergic neurons with neurotransmitter precursors.
Selective upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors neuropilin‐1 and ‐2 in human neuroblastoma (2001)

These results show for the first time that human neuroblastoma expresses NRP, and that NRP co-regulates VEGF angiogenic effect in human neuroblastoma. NRP might be a sensitive angiogenic measure of VEGF systems in neuroblastoma, particularly in its early stages.
A NEW APPROACH TO THE DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE IN HYDROCARBON LUBRICATING OILS BY MID-FTIR SPECTROSCOPY (2015)

The moisture content of hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils was determined using FTIR spectroscopy by measuring hydrated acetone gem-diol produced when 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) reacts with water present in the oil under neutral or basic conditions. The gem-diol was quantified from a differential spectrum derived from two oil spectra collected separately, one taken prior to the addition of DMP and the other 30 min after DMP addition. Peak height calibrations were developed by standard addition of water commercial hydrocarbon based lubricating oils which were also pooled for calibration development by partial least squares (PLS) regression. The peak height calibrations performed well ( ± 22 ppm), but were oil formulation dependent, while the calibration allowed all the oil formulations to be analyzed for using a single calibration with little loss in predictive accuracy ( ± 32 ppm) over a range of 0-1200 ppm. Attempts to compare the FTIR results to Karl Fischer (KF) methods were problematic with additive-containing oils and highlighted the superior quantification capabilities of the FTIR DMP method. For multiple analyses, with the FTIR programmed and automated, the analytical time is about 4 min/sample and should provide convenient and reliable means of determining moisture in hydrocarbon based oils.
Experiments in General Chemistry. Third edition (Stone, H. W.; Dunn, M. S.; McCullough, J. D.) (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTExperiments in General Chemistry. Third edition (Stone, H. W.; Dunn, M. S.; McCullough, J. D.)Lothrop Smith Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1941, 18, 12, 599Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1941Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 December 1941Published inissue 1 December 1941https://doi.org/10.1021/ed018p599.2Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views154Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (998 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[BRAFV599E mutation and RET/PTC rearrangements in papillary thyroid carcinoma]. (2005)

(1) BRAF(V599E) mutation and RET/PTC rearrangements were unique to PTC. The high prevalence of BRAF(V599E) mutation indicates that it is an important molecular hallmark of PTC. (2) BRAF(V599E) mutation rate was high in classic type PTC and tall cell type inferred that BRAF(V599E) mutation played an important role in their etiopathogenesis. (3) There was no overlap between BRAF(V599E) mutation and RET/PTC rearrangements suggest that they are alternative events in PTC.
The Novel Compound LOE 908 Attenuates Acute Neuromotor Dysfunction but Not Cognitive Impairment or Cortical Tissue Loss Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats (2000)

Experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates massive disturbances in Ca2+ concentrations in the brain that may contribute to neuronal damage. Intracellular Ca2+ may be elevated via influx through voltage-operated cation channels, ligand-gated ionotropic channels, and store-operated cation channels (SOCs). In the present study, we evaluated the neurobehavioral and histological effects of acute posttraumatic administration of (R,S)-(3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-isoquinoline-1-yl)-2-phenyl-N,N-di[2-(2 ,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-acetamide (LOE 908), a broad spectrum inhibitor of voltage-operated cation channels and SOCs. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 53) were trained in the Morris water maze, anesthetized (60 mg/kg pentobarbital, i.p.), and subjected to lateral fluid percussion brain injury (2.5-2.7 atm; n = 38) or surgery without injury (n = 15). At 15 min postinjury, animals were randomized to receive intravenous administration of either a high dose of LOE 908 (4 mg/kg bolus followed by 160 mg/kg over 24 h; n = 13), a low dose of LOE 908 (2 mg/kg bolus followed by 80 mg/kg over 24 h; n = 12), or vehicle (n = 13). Uninjured controls received the high dose of LOE 908 (n = 8) or vehicle (n = 7). Treatment with either dose of LOE 908 significantly improved neuromotor function at 48 h postinjury when compared to vehicle treatment. Although a significant deficit in visuospatial memory was observed in brain-injured animals at this timepoint when compared to uninjured animals, neither dose of LOE 908 attenuated injury-induced cognitive dysfunction. Histological evaluation revealed that neither dose of LOE 908 affected cortical lesion size at 48 h postinjury. These data suggest that broad spectrum cation channel blockers may be beneficial in the treatment of neurological motor dysfunction when administered in the acute posttraumatic period.
Generation of very high-frequency ultrasonic waves using thin films of vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer (1987)

Electromechanical properties of thin films of vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-TrFE)] and their application to ultrasonic transducers were studied in the frequency range of 50–250 MHz at room temperature. A 5-μm-thick P(VDE-TrFE) film resonating at 250 MHz in thickness extensional mode exhibited a large electromechanical coupling factor of 0.26. The dielectric and elastic constants were also studied in this frequency region. A transducer using a 3-μm-thick film exhibited a large conversion efficiency (6.5 dB at 150 MHz), and good impulse response (30 ns ring-down time width) in water. A concave transducer transmitted a well-focused ultrasonic beam (35-μm beamwidth).
Impact of burst assembly parameters on edge router latency in an optical burst switching network (2004)

The impact of burst assembly on edge router latency in an optical burst-switched network is investigated. It is shown that burst assembly parameters impacts upon the latency, while self-similarity has no effect.
Distinct DNA methylation epigenotypes in bladder cancer from different Chinese sub-populations and its implication in cancer detection using voided urine (2011)

Our results indicate that there are distinct methylation epigenotypes among different Chinese sub-populations. These profiles demonstrate gradual increases with cancer progression. Finally, detection of gene methylation in voided urine with these distinct DNA methylation markers is more sensitive than urine cytology.
Test of full size Cherenkov detector for proton Flux Measurements (2014)

The device called Cherenkov detector for proton Flux Measurement is going to be installed inside of the primary vacuum of the Super Proton Synchrotron to monitor a secondary beam produced by the bent crystal inserted in the proton halo. Test of this detector with 449 MeV electrons was performed at beam test facility at Frascati. We measure 0.62 p.e. per incoming electron and a resolution of 15% for 100 incoming electrons.
Generic differential equation for fractional flow of steady two-phase flow in porous media (2002)

We report on generic relations between fractional flow and pressure in steady two-phase flow in porous media. The main result is a differential equation for fractional flow as a function of phase saturation. We infer this result from two underlying observations of steady flow simulations in two and three dimensions using biperiodic boundary conditions. The resulting equation is solved generally, and the result is tested against simulations and experimental relative permeability results found in the literature.
Stability of a commercially prepared fish oil (omega‐3 fatty acid) laboratory rodent diet (1992)

There is evidence that highly unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids present in fish oils can provide a cancer-protective effect; however, when added to laboratory rodent formulations, these fatty acids are subject to rapid and/or extensive oxidation and other chemical changes by exposure to air, light, or heat during processing of pellets or when stored for various lengths of time. An animal diet with 16% refined fish oil and 4% corn oil was commercially prepared with antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyquinone in addition to alpha-tocopherol) present, and precautions were taken to prevent oxidation at all stages of production and handling. Fatty acid composition of dried powdered diet as well as freshly processed dried pellets was analyzed from four lots at the beginning and end of a 45-day feeding period. Additionally, fatty acid analyses were carried out on pellets dried by both vacuum and air techniques, and pellets were left exposed to air at room temperature for 96 hours. No statistical difference in overall fatty acid composition was observed among lots due to pelletization or drying procedures. Moreover, 4 days of exposure of pellets to air at ambient temperatures and 45 days of freezer storage had no significant effect on their fatty acid composition. It would appear that rodent diets containing omega-3 fatty acids can be reliably prepared commercially and safely substituted for diets prepared manually and in bulk on a weekly basis.
Adaptive movement sequences and predictive decisions based on hierarchical dynamical systems (2012)

This paper addresses the question of how to create adaptive and smooth sequences of actions and how to decide among skill options in a continuous manner without the necessity of recurrent planning. Motion generation is based on serial and parallel blending of movement primitives (MP). MPs are modeled as dynamical systems on task coordinates with attractor behavior and augmented with additional signals to ease their coordination. Sequences and transitions between skills are realized in a unified way as bifurcating dynamical systems based on continuous-time recurrent neural networks. The neural output is used as activation signal for MPs. Besides continuous feedback from the controlled MPs, the neural dynamics is influenced by a cost term from a future prediction to allow the inhibition of an action flow that is expected to fail. First results are shown in a physical simulation environment on a high-DoF robotic hand-arm system. The system is capable of creating smooth transients of MPs. Robustness to disturbances can be observed as local adaptations of individual low-level MPs, flexible sequencing of MPs, and global error recovery by changing the whole strategy of how to perform a movement skill.
DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF IBUPROFEN SELF-EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM APPLYING FACE CENTERED EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN (2011)

Ibuprofen (IB) a NSAID, has poor dissolution and many gastrointestinal side effects. Self-Emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) has proved its efficacy to improve the solu bility and dissolution of many lipophilic drugs and improve their characteristics. The object ives of this study were to develop, optimize and ch aracterize a IBSEDDS applying Face Centered Experimental Design (FCED). The methods included determination of solubility of IB in different oils, surfactants and co-surfactants. Ingredient showing high drug solub ility were used to formulate several IBSEDDS after being teste d for physical and chemical compatibility with the drug. A three factor, three level FCED was used for the opt imization process. The concentration of oil, surfac tant and cosurfactant were the independent variables, X1, X2 and X3 respectively, while the dissolution, turbid ity and droplet size were the dependent variables, Y1, Y2 a nd Y3 respectively. The results showed high solubil ity and compatibility of IB with soybean oil, Cremophore EL and Capmul MCM-C8. The concentrations of X1- X3 showed significant effects on the responses Y1-Y3.T he polynomial equation relating the response Y 1 and variables X1-X3 was obtained. The optimized and predicted values of Y 1 were in close agreement. According to the design, 50% X1, 40% X2 and 10% X3 maximized Y1 up to 100% after 60 min. In conclusion, IBSEDDS with high drug release and reasonable physical properties could be prepared and the experiment al design applied helped in understanding the effects and the interaction effects between the three varia bles applied. The optimized formulation is expected to s how high bioavailability with minimal side effects.
Printer Forensics Using SVM Techniques (2005)

In today's digital world securing different forms of content is very important in terms of protecting copyright and verifying authenticity. We have previously described the use of image texture analysis to identify the printer used to print a document. In particular we described a set of features that can be used to provide forensic information describing a document. In this paper we will introduce a printer identification process that uses a support vector machine classifier. We will also examine the effect of font size, font type, paper type, and “printer age”.
IPTV Bandwidth Demands in Metropolitan Area Networks (2007)

In this paper, we analyze the bandwidth requirements in Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) for providing Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services. We find that the application with the potential to generate high bandwidth in the MAN is Video on Demand (VoD). However, the amount of bandwidth in the MAN depends on the location of the video servers and cached video content. Therefore, we develop a model of the IPTV network to determine the optimum location of the cached video content. From this model, we find the dependence of the MAN traffic on the fraction of users simultaneously requesting VoD streams. The results show that a significant fraction of future MAN traffic, up to 90%, may be due to these on-demand video services.
Bi-layer disparity remapping for handheld 3D video communications (2013)

Handheld devices with “glasses-free” autostereoscopic displays present a new opportunity for 3D video communications. 3D can enhance realism and enrich the user experience, yet it must be employed without visual discomfort. A simple shift-convergence disparity remapping technique can align a user's face throughout a 3D video call, eliminating uncomfortable crossed disparities. However, this can produce large disparities in the background that the viewer is unable to fuse. Furthermore, reducing camera separation and thus all disparities may lead to a flat appearance that does not aid realism. Using foreground/background segmentation, we propose a novel bi-layer disparity remapping algorithm to limit uncomfortable background disparities during handheld 3D video communications. A user study with the HTC Evo 3D handheld device shows that this method improves visual comfort while preserving the critical depths within the face.
A Low Cost Electronic Ignition Control System with a 4-Bit Microcontroller (1982)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A low cost electronic ignition control system has been developed using a 4 - bit microcontroller. The microcontroller determines the crankshaft position from notches in a disc attached to the crankshaft and provides registration between engine rotation and proper cylinder firing. The controller outputs the proper signals to a special ignition coil and thereby eliminates the need for a conventional distributor.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Timer peripherals are used to measure engine speed and to generate spark timing signals. Other spark timing determining variables are measured by an analog to digital converter. Problems relating to rapid engine acceleration are presented and solutions discussed.</div>
Solution and Solid-Phase Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 1,2-<i>cis</i>-Glycopyranosides with Minimally Protected Glycopyranosyl Donors Catalyzed by BF<sub>3</sub>–<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylformamide Complex (2016)

Methods are described for the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis glycopyranosides in the d-galacto, d-gluco, and 2-azido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranoside series utilizing minimally protected (3-bromo-2-pyridyloxy) β-d-glycopyranosyl donors in the presence of BF3-N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a catalyst and a variety of alcohol acceptors relying on the "remote activation concept". Precursors to antifreeze glycopeptide components are synthesized in excellent yields and high α/β ratios. The method is adaptable to one-pot sequential glycosidation as well as to solid-supported synthesis giving access to diverse sets of minimally protected α-d-glycopyranosides as major products.