gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The sugarcane signal transduction (SUCAST) catalogue: prospecting signal transduction in sugarcane (2001)

EST sequencing has enabled the discovery of many new genes in a vast array of organisms, and the utility of this approach to the scientific community is greatly increased by the establishment of fully annotated databases. The present study aimed to identify sugarcane ESTs sequenced in the sugarcane expressed sequence tag (SUCEST) project (<A HREF="http://sucest.lad.ic.unicamp.br/">http://sucest.lad.ic.unicamp.br</A>) that corresponded to signal transduction components. We also produced a sugarcane signal transduction (SUCAST) catalogue (<A HREF="http://sucest.lad.ic.unicamp.br/private/mining-reports/QG/QG-mining.htm">http://sucest.lad.ic.unicamp.br/private/mining-reports/QG/QG-mining.htm</A>) that covered the main categories and pathways. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) encoding enzymes for hormone (gibberellins, ethylene, auxins, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid) biosynthetic pathways were found and tissue specificity was inferred from their relative frequency of occurrence in the different libraries. Whenever possible, transducers of hormones and plant peptide signaling were catalogued to the respective pathway. Over 100 receptors were found in sugarcane, which contains a large family of Ser/Thr kinase receptors and also photoreceptors, histidine kinase receptors and their response regulators. G-protein and small GTPases were analyzed and compared to known members of these families found in mammalian and plant systems. Major kinase and phosphatase pathways were mapped, with special attention being given to the MAP kinase and the inositol pathway, both of which are well known in plants.
Introductory Nuclear Theory. (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntroductory Nuclear Theory.John P. HummelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 8, 2087Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01493a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01493a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transplantation of donor grafts with defined ratio of conventional and regulatory T cells in HLA-matched recipients (2019)

BACKGROUNDIn preclinical murine and early clinical studies of hematopoietic cell transplantation, engineering of donor grafts with defined ratios of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs to conventional T cells (Tcons) results in the prevention of graft-versus-host disease and improved immune reconstitution. The use of highly purified primary graft Tregs for direct cell infusion has potential advantages over impure immunomagnetic selection or culture expansion, but has not been tested clinically. We performed a phase I study of the timed addition of CD34-selected hematopoietic stem cells and Tregs, followed by Tcons for the treatment of patients with high-risk hematological malignancies.METHODSWe present interim evaluation of a single-center open phase I/II study of administration of human leukocyte-matched Tregs and CD34-selected hematopoietic cells, followed by infusion of an equal ratio of Tcons in adult patients undergoing myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) for high-risk or active hematological malignancies. Tregs were purified by immunomagnetic selection and high-speed cell sorting.RESULTSHere we report results for the first 12 patients who received Tregs of between 91% and 96% purity. Greater than grade II GVHD was noted in 2 patients in the first cohort of 5 patients, who received cryopreserved Tregs, but neither acute nor chronic GVHD was noted in the second cohort of 7 patients, who received fresh Tregs and single-agent GVHD prophylaxis. Patients in the second cohort appeared to have normal immune reconstitution compared with patients who underwent transplantation and did not develop GVHD.CONCLUSIONOur study shows that the use of highly purified fresh Tregs is clinically feasible and supports continued investigation of the strategy.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT01660607.FUNDINGNIH NHBLI R01 HL114591 and K08HL119590.
Study of near infrared technology for intracranial hematoma detection (2000)

Although intracranial hematoma detection only requires the continuous wave technique of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), previous studies have shown that there are still some problems in obtaining very accurate, reliable hematoma detection. Several of the most important limitations of NIR technology for hematoma detection such as the dynamic range of detection, hair absorption, optical contact, layered structure of the head, and depth of detection are reported in this article. A pulsed light source of variable intensity was designed and studied in order to overcome hair absorption and to increase the dynamic range and depth of detection. An adaptive elastic optical probe was made to improve the optical contact and decrease contact noise. A new microcontroller operated portable hematoma detector was developed. Due to the layered structure of the human head, simulation on a layered medium was analyzed experimentally. Model inhomogeneity tests and animal hematoma tests showed the effectiveness of the improved hematoma detector for intracranial hematoma detection.
A concise synthesis of α-glycosyl cyanides (1997)

A simple procedure has been developed for the synthesis of α-glycosyl cyanides: reactions of O-benzylated ethyl 1-thio-glycosides of l-fucose and d-glucose, with TMSCN and MeOTF in ether exclusively gave the corresponding α-glycosyl cyanides in good yields.
Change detection using joint intensity histogram (2006)

In the present paper, a method for detecting changes between two images of the same scene taken at different times using their joint intensity histogram is proposed. First, the joint histogram, which is a two-dimensional (2D) histogram of combinatorial intensity levels, (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> (x), I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (x)), is calculated. By checking the characteristics of the ridges of clusters on the joint histogram, clusters that are expected to correspond to background are selected. The combinations of (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) covered by the clusters are determined as insignificant changes. Pixels having a different combinatorial intensity (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> (x), I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (x)) from these combinations, are extracted as candidates for significant changes. Based on the gradient correlation between the images for each region consisting of these pixels, only regions with significant changes are distinguished. Experiments using real scenes show the practical usefulness of the method
Three-dimensional fluorescent microscopy via simultaneous illumination and detection at multiple planes (2016)

The conventional optical microscope is an inherently two-dimensional (2D) imaging tool. The objective lens, eyepiece and image sensor are all designed to capture light emitted from a 2D 'object plane'. Existing technologies, such as confocal or light sheet fluorescence microscopy have to utilize mechanical scanning, a time-multiplexing process, to capture a 3D image. In this paper, we present a 3D optical microscopy method based upon simultaneously illuminating and detecting multiple focal planes. This is implemented by adding two diffractive optical elements to modify the illumination and detection optics. We demonstrate that the image quality of this technique is comparable to conventional light sheet fluorescent microscopy with the advantage of the simultaneous imaging of multiple axial planes and reduced number of scans required to image the whole sample volume.
In vivo two-photon microscopy to 1.6-mm depth in mouse cortex (2011)

Deep tissue in vivo two-photon fluorescence imaging of cortical vasculature in a mouse brain using 1280-nm excitation is presented. A record imaging depth of 1.6 mm in mouse cortex is achieved in vivo, approximately reaching the fundamental depth limit in scattering tissue.
Mechanical Ventilation for Imaging the Small Animal Lung (2002)

This review emphasizes some of the challenges and benefits of in vivo imaging of the small animal lung. Because mechanical ventilation plays a key role in high-quality, high-resolution imaging of the small animal lung, the article focuses particularly on the problems of ventilation support, control of breathing motion and lung volume, and imaging during different phases of the breathing cycle. Solutions for these problems are discussed primarily in relation to magnetic resonance imaging, both conventional proton imaging and the newer, hyperpolarized helium imaging of pulmonary airways. Examples of applications of these imaging solutions to normal and diseased lung are illustrated in the rat and guinea pig. Although difficult to perform, pulmonary imaging in the small animal can be a valuable source of information not only for the normal lung, but also for the lung challenged by disease.
Colonic insufflation with carbon monoxide gas inhibits the development of intestinal inflammation in rats (2012)

Colonic insufflation with CO gas significantly ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in rats. Clinical application of CO gas to improve colonic inflammatory conditions such as IBD might be useful.
Panelrama (2014)

We present Panelrama, a web-based framework for the construction of applications using distributed user interfaces (DUIs). Our implementation provides developers with low migration costs through built-in mechanisms for the synchronization of a UI state, requiring minimal changes to existing languages. Additionally, we describe a solution to categorize device characteristics and dynamically change UI allocation to best-fit devices. We illustrate the use of Panelrama through three sample applications which demonstrate its support for known interaction methods, we also present the results of a developer study, which validates our belief that cross-device application experiences can be easily implemented using our framework.
Mobile psychiatry: towards improving the care for bipolar disorder (2012)

The manuscript discusses the basic usage issues and other barriers which are to be tackled before technology-based approaches to mental care can be successfully rolled out and their true value appraised.
Synthetic Approach toward the Minimal Active Structure of Phomopsin-ustiloxin Class of Antibiotics: Construction of 13-Membered Cyclic Peptide Skeleton (1995)

The 13-membered cyclic peptides (5a and Sb), the core structure of phomopsin-ustiloxin class of antibiotics, have been synthesized.The final macrolactamization was overcome by the intramolecular aminolysis of corresponding w-amino pentafluorophenyl ester.Although ustiloxin D exhibited strong anti-tubulin activity (IC5o = 6 .6 p ~) ~, both 5a and 5b did not inhibit the microtubule assembly (IC50 > 100pM).An inhibitory activity was determined asdescribed
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS AND WAVE THEORY OF CONSTANT OFFSET SECTIONS IN LAYERED MEDIA* (1981)

A bstract Constant offset sections can be mapped to a fixed offset and compared in order to provide a method of velocity analysis. The direct mapping to zero offset prior to stack might provide an alternative processing procedure to NMO and stack. The main advantage of such a procedure would lie in the correct treatment of cross‐dips, but interpretational advantages might also follow from the performance of partial stacks biased to either high or low offset information.
Lipid mixing during membrane aggregation and fusion: why fusion assays disagree (1987)

The kinetics of lipid mixing during membrane aggregation and fusion was monitored by two assays employing resonance energy transfer between N-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine (NBD-PE) and N-(lissamine Rhodamine B sulfonyl)phosphatidylethanolamine (Rh-PE). For the "probe mixing" assay, NBD-PE and Rh-PE were incorporated into separate populations of phospholipid vesicles. For the "probe dilution" assay, both probes were incorporated into one population of vesicles, and the assay monitored the dilution of the molecules into the membrane of unlabeled vesicles. The former assay was found to be very sensitive to aggregation, even when the internal aqueous contents of the vesicles did not intermix. Examples of this case were large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) composed of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the presence of Mg2+ and small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) composed of phosphatidylserine in the presence of high concentrations of Na+. No lipid mixing was detected in these cases by the probe dilution assay. Under conditions where membrane fusion (defined as the intermixing of aqueous contents with concomitant membrane mixing) was observed, such as LUV (PS) in the presence of Ca2+, the rate of probe mixing was faster than that of probe dilution, which in turn was faster than the rate of contents mixing. Two assays monitoring the intermixing of aqueous contents were also compared. The Tb/dipicolinic acid assay reported slower fusion rates than the 1-aminonaphthalene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid/N,N'-p-xylylene-bis(pyridinium bromide) assay for PS LUV undergoing fusion in the presence of Ca2+. These observations point to the importance of utilizing contents mixing assays in conjunction with lipid mixing assays to obtain the rates of membrane destabilization and fusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Threats to the Swarm: Security Considerations for Swarm Robotics (2009)

Abstract—Swarm robotics is a relatively new technology that is being explored for its potential use in a variety of different ap-plications and environments. Previous emerging technologies have often overlooked security until later developmental stages, when security has had to be undesirably (and sometimes expensively) retrofitted. This paper compares swarm robotics with related technologies to identify their unique features where existing security mechanisms can not be applied. We then review some of the emerging applications where ineffective security could have significant impact. We conclude by discussing a number of security challenges for swarm robotics and argue that now is the right time to address these issues and seek solutions. We also identify several idiosyncrasies of swarm robotics that present some unique security challenges. In particular, swarms of robots potentially (i) employ different types of communication channels (ii) have special concepts of identity, and (iii) exhibit adaptive emergent behaviour which could be modified by an intruder. Addressing these issues now will prevent undesirable consequences for many applications of this type of technology. Index Terms—swarm robotics, security, autonomy, adaption, emergent behaviour
Scaffold/Matrix-Attached Regions Act upon Transcription in a Context-Dependent Manner<sup>,</sup> (1996)

Scaffold/matrix-attached regions (S/MARs) are cis-acting elements with a function outside transcribed regions and in introns. Although they usually augment transcriptional rates, their action is highly context-dependent. We cloned an 800 bp S/MAR element from the upstream border of the human interferon-beta domain at various positions within a transcribed region of 4.3 kb. By use of retroviral gene transfer, the vector could be integrated into target cells as a single copy enabling a rigorous definition of the distance between the S/MAR and the transcriptional start site. At a distance of about 4 kb, the S/MAR supported transcriptional initiation, whereas at distances below 2.5 kb, transcription was essentially shut off. Controls proved the functionally of all constructs in the transient expression phase and ruled out any influence of S/MAR position on transcript stability. Moreover, no pausing or premature termination was observed within these elements. We suggest that the protein binding partners of S/MARs change according to the topological status, explaining these divergent S/MAR effects.
Automatic categorization of web sites based on source types (2004)

An important issue with the Web is verification of the accuracy, currency and authenticity of the information associated with Web sites. One way to address this problem is to identify the "source" or "sponsor" of the Web site. However, source identification is non-trivial because the source of a Web site cannot always be determined by the URL or content of the site. In this paper, we propose a method for source identification that uses various types of inbound, outbound and internal interactions that arise due to hyperlinks between and within Web sites.
Characteristics of regulatory B10 cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with different disease status (2015)

In the present study, the frequency and function of B10 cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was examined. A total of 24 healthy controls and 97 patients with RA were enrolled in the present study. Among the 75 patients with an active disease status, 51 patients received either no treatment or were treated with non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) only, while 24 patients underwent a disease relapse. Flow cytometry was used to assess the frequency of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) interleukin (IL)‑10(+) cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide plus CD40L for 48 h, followed by re‑stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin for 5 h. The correlation of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi)IL‑10(+)‑cell frequency with clinical/laboratory characteristics and with levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed along with the effects of CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) cells on the proliferation and tumor necrosis factor α expression of CD3+ T cells. The median frequency of IL‑10‑competent cells among the CD19+ B cells was significantly increased among patients with RA with active disease. However, a sub‑group of patients with a high disease status that received no treatment/NSAIDs exhibited a significantly lower frequency (≤1% IL‑10+ B cells). These patients exhibited longer symptom duration, a greater number of tender and swollen joints and a higher patient global visual analogue scale and disease activity score in 28 joints‑C reactive protein. Functional assays further demonstrated that B10 cells from the sub‑group with ≤1% IL‑10+ B cells secreted significantly lower levels of IL‑10 and exerted a significantly decreased suppressive effect on CD3+ T-cell proliferation and tumor necrosis factor‑α production. The frequency and functional heterogeneity of B10 cells in patients with RA at different disease stage suggested that further investigation on the underlying mechanism of the generation and function of B10 cells in patients with RA is required prior to use in clinical practice.
Semantic Segmentation of 3D LiDAR Data in Dynamic Scene Using Semi-Supervised Learning (2019)

This work studies the semantic segmentation of 3D LiDAR data in dynamic scenes for autonomous driving applications. A system of semantic segmentation using 3D LiDAR data, including range image segmentation, sample generation, inter-frame data association, track-level annotation, and semi-supervised learning, is developed. To reduce the considerable requirement of fine annotations, a CNN-based classifier is trained by considering both supervised samples with manually labeled object classes and pairwise constraints, where a data sample is composed of a segment as the foreground and neighborhood points as the background. A special loss function is designed to account for both annotations and constraints, where the constraint data are encouraged to be assigned to the same semantic class. A dataset containing 1838 frames of LiDAR data, 39 934 pairwise constraints and 57 927 human annotations is developed. The performance of the method is examined extensively. The qualitative and quantitative experiments show that the combination of a few annotations and large amount of constraint data significantly enhances the effectiveness and scene adaptability, resulting in greater than 10% improvement.
An on-Line Automated Gamma Spectrometer for Coolant Monitoring at the Loss of Fluid Test Facility (LOFT) (1983)

The Isotope Detection System (IDS), an automated gamma spectrometry system for the detection of fission products released from failed fuel rods has been installed at the Loss of Fluid Test Facility (LOFT) located at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The IDS incorporates two germanium detectors monitoring four reactor sample streams -- the primary coolant from two locations, and the blowdown system liquid and vapor. The IDS is a dual processor system that operates in a master/slave mode. The slave processor is located in a plant area where personnel access is restricted. The system is interfaced to a variety of valves and pumps to control the sampling system and incorporates unique features to optimize the IDS for on-line reactor monitoring. The IDS will operate during an upcoming LOFT test during which the failure of several reactor fuel rods will occur.
Reducing computational complexity of gating procedures using sorting algorithms (2013)

Gating is an important part in many data association algorithms, specifically tracking algorithms. Its purpose is the preselection of suitable measurements or observations respectively in order to avoid unlikely measurement-to-track associations. As such, it can be essential for a low computational load. A very common gating method is individual ellipsoidal gating incorporating the Mahalanobis distance. On the one hand it is a reliable gating method used in many different tracking techniques, e.g., the global nearest neighbor method or the Multi-Hypothesis Tracking approach, but on the other hand it can be also very time consuming due to the inversions of covariance matrices related to all the measurement-to-track pairs. In this paper a Gating-by-Sorting approach is proposed to accelerate the gating procedure significantly. It uses sorting algorithms to carry out coarse gating followed by a second ellipsoidal gating step. The gating approach is incorporated into a multi-hypothesis tracker and applied to a real radar dataset. Results are obtained by measuring the computational load within tracking processes. They show that the proposed gating algorithm outperforms classical ellipsoidal gating by orders of magnitude.