gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safe use of radiographic contrast media (2010)

injection of iodinated radiographic contrast media is generally safe, however with increased use adverse events are more likely to occur. The most important adverse effects include hypersensitivity reactions, contrast-induced nephropathy and thyrotoxicosis. There is no protocol that will prevent non-ige-mediated anaphylaxis. in patients with moderate renal dysfunction, adequate hydration and use of as little contrast media as practical is recommended. Contrast-induced nephropathy is often transient. Metformin has been associated with lactic acidosis in patients receiving contrast media. it should therefore be discontinued for 48 hours starting on the day of the contrast study. The use of alternative non-iodinated contrast agents, particularly in ultrasound and magnetic resonance, is also growing. Gadolinium magnetic resonance agents have been associated with nephrogenic fibrosing sclerosis in patients with renal dysfunction.
Highly Flexible SU-8 Microstructures (2007)

This paper outlines the testing of SU-8 structures subjected to high deformations in bending. Six ‘dog-bone’ test structures were fabricated with flexible sections comprising of variations of 25μm thick beams, and tested using a novel method to bend the structures through very small radii. A simple mathematical model is outlined that accurately predicts this performance. The structures underwent stresses of up to 191MPa, some showing signs of plastic yield at very high deformations.
Production of high purity proteins by elution of individual fractions from two‐dimensional gels (1991)

Results are presented on the production of purified myocardial proteins from two-dimensional (2-D) gels. Proteins were fixed in a native condition using potassium acetate and then eluted into an aqueous solution. Homogeneous tropomyosin and myosin light chain fractions and a number of nonidentified myocardial proteins present on 2-D gels were obtained.
Electrochemical intercalation of ZnCl2-CrO3-GIC (graphite intercalation compound) with sulphuric acid (2004)

The intercalation processes of CrO 3 and H 2 SO 4 into ZnCl 2 -GIC have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and voltammetric technique. The proposed mechanism of the intercalation of ZnCl 2 -GIC with CrO 3 assumes the formation of co-intercalation domains within the interlayer spacings of the graphite structure. Upon the successive intercalation of the graphite compound with H 2 SO 4 , the peaks characteristic of ZnCl 2 and CrO 3 have been observed in the voltammogram. This is an evidence of the formation of quaternary ZnCl 2 -CrO 3 -H 2 SO 4 -GIC.
ASwatch (2015)

research-article Share on ASwatch: An AS Reputation System to Expose Bulletproof Hosting ASes Authors: Maria Konte Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USA Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, USAView Profile , Roberto Perdisci University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USAView Profile , Nick Feamster Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication ReviewVolume 45Issue 4October 2015pp 625–638https://doi.org/10.1145/2829988.2787494Published:17 August 2015Publication History 35citation926DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations35Total Downloads926Last 12 Months146Last 6 weeks16 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Binaural Beats through the Auditory Pathway: From Brainstem to Connectivity Patterns (2020)

Binaural beating is a perceptual auditory illusion occurring when presenting two neighboring frequencies to each ear separately. Several controversial claims have been attributed to binaural beats regarding their ability to entrain human brain activity and mood, in both the scientific literature and the marketing realm. Here, we sought to address those questions in a robust fashion using a single-blind, active-controlled protocol. To do so, we compared the effects of binaural beats with a control beat stimulation (monaural beats, known to entrain brain activity but not mood) across four distinct levels in the human auditory pathway: subcortical and cortical entrainment, scalp-level functional connectivity and self-reports. Both stimuli elicited standard subcortical responses at the pure tone frequencies of the stimulus [i.e., frequency following response (FFR)], and entrained the cortex at the beat frequency [i.e., auditory steady state response (ASSR)]. Furthermore, functional connectivity patterns were modulated differentially by both kinds of stimuli, with binaural beats being the only one eliciting cross-frequency activity. Despite this, we did not find any mood modulation related to our experimental manipulation. Our results provide evidence that binaural beats elicit cross frequency connectivity patterns, but weakly entrain the cortex when compared with monaural beat stimuli. Whether binaural beats have an impact on cognitive performance or other mood measurements remains to be seen and can be further investigated within the proposed methodological framework.
S‐(+)‐naproxen chloride as acylating agent for separating the enantiomers of chiral amines and alcohols (1988)

Abstract Recently, the strongly fluorescent benoxaprofen (BOP) molecule was described as chiral fluorescence label. Also S‐naproxen (NAP), like BOP a non‐steroidal antiinflammatory drug from the group of 2‐arylpropionic acids, can be used as derivatization reagent for primary and secondary amines and alcohols, if activated to the corresponding acyl chloride. The synthesis of derivatives as well as chromatographic systems for the separation of the diastereomeric products are described.
Nonspecific protease-catalyzed hydrolysis/synthesis of a mixture of peptides: Product diversity and ligand amplification by a molecular trap (1996)

We sought to develop a peptide library in solution and dynamically screen this library for peptides that would bind to macromolecules of interest. Peptide diversity was achieved in an initial stock solution of peptides by using proteases under conditions in which both hydrolysis and synthesis occurred. As an example, a simple reaction containing YGG, FL and thermolysin resulted in the synthesis of YGGFL as well as many other undefined products. When low molecular weight products of a reaction containing VA, AL, and thermolysin were subsequently exposed to dipeptidase, 7 out of 9 potential dipeptides were observed. Incubation of protease with an hydrolysate of albumin and a radiolabeled peptide resulted in the radiolabel participating in reactions other than simple hydrolysis and, after 24 h, the specific activity of radiolabel was shown by high performance liquid chromatography to disperse to a level that would be necessary in the event of maximum theoretical diversity. When a binding macromolecule was exposed to this system, ligand production was amplified relative to reactions run in the absence of binding macromolecule. This protease-based peptide scrambling and binding system was utilized for the discovery of novel peptides that bind to fibrinogen.
Tamoxifen interferes with the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. (1997)

The insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) is involved in the control of breast cancer cell growth. The cytostatic activity of tamoxifen (Tam), a nonsteroidal antiestrogen, is partially mediated through interference with IGF-I-R-dependent proliferation, yet the effects of Tam on IGF-IR intracellular signaling have never been elucidated. Consequently, we investigated how Tam modifies the IGF-IR signaling pathway in estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells and in MCF-7-derived clones overexpressing either the IGF-IR (MCF-7/IGF-IR cells) or its major substrate, IRS-1 (MCF-7/IRS-1 cells). MCF-7/IGF-IR and MCF-7/IRS-1 cells exhibit greatly reduced estrogen growth requirements but retain estrogen receptors and express sensitivity to antiestrogens comparable to that in the parental cells. In all tested cell lines, regardless of the amplification of IGF signaling, a 4-day treatment with 10 nM Tam produced a similar cytostatic effect. In MCF-7 and MCF-7/IGF-IR cells, growth inhibition by Tam was associated with the reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF-IR in the presence of IGF-I; however, the basal level of the IGF-IR remained unaffected. Moreover, Tam inhibited both basal and IGF-I-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1, which was accompanied by down-regulation of IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase activity and reduced IRS-1/growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) binding. In contrast, under the same treatment, tyrosine phosphorylation of Src-homology/collagen proteins (SHC; another substrate of the IGF-IR) and SHC/GRB2 binding were elevated. The protein levels of the IGF-IR and IRS-1 were not modified by Tam, whereas SHC protein expression was either not affected or moderately decreased by the treatment. In summary, this work provides the first evidence that in MCF-7 cells, cytostatic effects of Tam are associated with the modulation of IGF-IR signaling, specifically with: (a) down-regulation of IGF-I-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF-IR; (b) inhibition of IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase signaling; and (c) up-regulation of SHC tyrosine phosphorylation and increased SHC/GRB2 binding. It is hypothesized that dephosphorylation of IRS-1 could be a major contributing factor in Tam cytostatic activity.
Preparation of K-Co-Mo-C catalyst and its catalytic performance for mixed alcohol synthesis (2006)

A K-Co-Mo-C catalyst with remnant carbon was prepared by the sol-gel method. The carbon content was adjusted by adding different amounts of carbon precursor. Catalytic behavior of mixed alcohols synthesis from syngas was investigated over the catalysts. By combining different characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, N-2 adsorption isotherms method, and temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen, it was revealed that the presence of appropriate content of remnant carbon increased the dispersion of active phase and improved the yield and selectivity for alcohol. For the catalysts with superfluous remnant carbon, the selectivity for alcohol decreased and the selectivity for hydrocarbon increased, which might be due to the fact that with the increase of amount of carbon precursors, Mo species was readily reduced to the metallic state. For the sample calcined in air, the metal oxide precursors were easily aggregated to irreducible compound, so the activity for alcohol synthesis was low. The sample with 2.8% carbon had the largest surface area and pore volume, and showed the highest activity for alcohol synthesis. Calcining sample at higher temperature in inert atmosphere also caused the activity for alcohol synthesis to decrease obviously, but the selectivity for C-2 divided by alcohols increased markedly.
Limitations Using the Vacuum-Assist Venous Drainage Technique During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Procedures (2003)

Vacuum-assist venous drainage (VAVD) can increase venous blood return during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures. However, the negative pressure created in the closed cardiotomy reservoir can be transmitted to the oxygenator if a nonocclusive or centrifugal arterial pump is used, resulting in bubble transgression (BT) from the gas to blood compartment of the oxygenator. We analyzed the vacuum pressure required to produce BT using an in vitro circuit including successively a closed reservoir, a pump (centrifugal or roller), and an oxygenator. A constant hydrostatic pressure was maintained onto the oxygenator. Vacuum was applied on the cardiotomy reservoir, progressively increasing negative pressure from 0 to -80 mmHg and monitoring BT with a bubble detector. Six different oxygenators were compared. A partially occlusive roller pump and a centrifugal pump were compared to a control, which was without any pump. A mean negative pressure of -53 +/- 7 mmHg was necessary to produce BT in all the oxygenators in the absence of a pump. The presence of a centrifugal pump between the reservoir and the oxygenator significantly increased the negative pressure required to produce BT compared to the control (-67 +/- 7 mmHg, p < .05). No bubbles were detected using the roller pump (> -80 mmHg needed for BT), thus statistically significant when compared to the centrifugal pump (p < .05). The centrifugal pump offers significant resistance to BT but not as much compared to the roller pump, though BT cannot be prevented if the pump is turned off while the vacuum remains on the reservoir. Therefore, VAVD is a safe technique as long as the perfusionist stops the vacuum when the arterial pump is no longer in use.
Integrated optical Mach–Zehnder modulator with a linearized modulation characteristic (1988)

A method for linearization of the modulation characteristic of an integral optical modulator based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer is proposed. For certain parameters of the waveguides and electrodes the linearity of the modulation characteristic can be improved by selecting a specific direction of the plane of polarization of the coupled-in radiation and corresponding bias voltages. The optimal ratios of the parameters ensuring the maximum linearity of the modulation characteristic are determined.
Theory and Applications of Neural Computing in Chemical Science (1994)

Machine learning (ML) is transforming all areas of science. The complex and time-consuming calculations in molecular simulations are particularly suitable for an ML revolution and have already been profoundly affected by the application of existing ML ...Read More
Chemical and Chemotherapeutical Studies on the Furan Derivatives. XXI (1961)

1, 5-Bis(5-nitro-2-furyl)-3-pentadienone guanylhydrazone hydrochloride was treated in organic solvent with warming and two kinds of product (A) and (C), having strong antibacterial action against gram-negative bacteria, were obtained. (A) was found to be 3-amino-6-[(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-as-triazine and (C), 3-amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furylmethyl)-6-[(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-as-triazine.
Genetic diversity for physiological quality of seeds from corn (Zea mays L.) intervarietal crossbreeds (2013)

The physiological quality is based on the genotype and may be accompanied since the first stages of selection through the study of genetic diversity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the parental genetic contribution in the seed physiological quality in corn intervarietal crossbreeds. The intervarietal crossbreeds were performed using landraces genotypes, open pollinated varieties and commercial hybrids. The seeds obtained from the crossbreed, their equivalents and parentals were evaluated regarding their water percentage, germination, germination speed rate, accelerated aging, field emergence and electrical conductivity. The seeds obtained in the crossbreed are viable and vivid with heterosis when compared with the parentals. The accelerated aging test was more effective for selecting the strongest genotypes. The canonical variables were useful to group the genotypes that presented similar physiological characteristics. The genotypes MPA 01 x Pixurum 05, MPA 01 x AS1565, MPA 01 x SJC5886, SJC5886 x Pixurum 05 and Fundacep 35 x SCS 154 Fortuna were the best crossbreeds regarding the production of better physiological quality seeds.
Omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids in acidophilic thermophilic bacteria. Studies on their presence, structure, and biosynthesis using precursors labeled with stable isotopes and radioisotopes. (1975)

Omega-Cyclohexyl undecanoic acid and omega-cyclohexyl tridecanoic acid were found in 10 strains of acido-thermophilic bacteria isolated from different Japanese hot springs. These unusual fatty acids were found in the esterified form in glyceride type complex lipids and constituted 74 to 93% of the total fatty acids in the bacteria. The fatty acids other than omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids found were 14-methyl hexadecanoic acid (3 to 15%) and 15-methyl hexadecanoic acid (1 to 6%), and trace amounts of straight chain and methyl-branched tetra- and penta-decanoic acids. Biosynthesis of omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids increased with increase in the concentration of glucose in the culture medium. The metabolism of omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids was studied using deuterium-labeled precursors by mass fragmentation analysis. The deuterium of [2-D]glucose was specifically incorporated into position 2 of the cyclohexyl ring of the fatty acids, indicating that the ring was synthesized from the glucose molecule. Radioactivity was efficiently incorporated into the omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids from labeled glucose, shikimate, and cyclohexyl carboxylate. These findings indicate that omega-cyclohexyl fatty acids are synthesized with glucose through shikimic acid and probably cyclohexyl carboxylyl-CoA derivative as the intermediates.
An analytical delay model for RLC interconnects (1997)

Elmore delay has been widely used to estimate interconnect delays in the performance-driven synthesis and layout of very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) routing topologies. For typical RLC interconnections, however, Elmore delay can deviate significantly from SPICE-computed delay, since it is independent of inductance of the interconnect and rise time of the input signal. Here, we develop an analytical delay model based on first and second moments to incorporate inductance effects into the delay estimate for interconnection lines under step input. Delay estimates using our analytical model are within 15% of SPICE-computed delay across a wide range of interconnect parameter values. We also extend our delay model for estimation of source-sink delays in arbitrary interconnect trees. We observe significant improvement in the accuracy of delay estimates for interconnect trees when compared to the Elmore model, yet our estimates are as easy to compute as Elmore delay. Evaluation of our analytical models is several orders of magnitude faster than simulation using SPICE. We also illustrate the application of our model in controlling response undershoot/overshoot and reducing interconnect delay through constraints on the moments.
Boron-doped diamond electrode: synthesis, characterization, functionalization and analytical applications (2009)

In recent years, conductive diamond electrodes for electrochemical applications have been a major focus of research and development. The impetus behind such endeavors could be attributed to their wide potential window, low background current, chemical inertness, and mechanical durability. Several analytes can be oxidized by conducting diamond compared to other carbon-based materials before the breakdown of water in aqueous electrolytes. This is important for detecting and/or identifying species in solution since oxygen and hydrogen evolution do not interfere with the analysis. Thus, conductive diamond electrodes take electrochemical detection into new areas and extend their usefulness to analytes which are not feasible with conventional electrode materials. Different types of diamond electrodes, polycrystalline, microcrystalline, nanocrystalline and ultrananocrystalline, have been synthesized and characterized. Of particular interest is the synthesis of boron-doped diamond (BDD) films by chemical vapor deposition on various substrates. In the tetrahedral diamond lattice, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to its neighbors forming an extremely robust crystalline structure. Some carbon atoms in the lattice are substituted with boron to provide electrical conductivity. Modification strategies of doped diamond electrodes with metallic nanoparticles and/or electropolymerized films are of importance to impart novel characteristics or to improve the performance of diamond electrodes. Biofunctionalization of diamond films is also feasible to foster several useful bioanalytical applications. A plethora of opportunities for nanoscale analytical devices based on conducting diamond is anticipated in the very near future.
Z2Pack: Numerical implementation of hybrid Wannier centers for identifying topological materials (2017)

The intense theoretical and experimental interest in topological insulators and semimetals has established band structure topology as a fundamental material property. Consequently, identifying band topologies has become an important, but often challenging, problem, with no exhaustive solution at the present time. In this work we compile a series of techniques, some previously known, that allow for a solution to this problem for a large set of the possible band topologies. The method is based on tracking hybrid Wannier charge centers computed for relevant Bloch states, and it works at all levels of materials modeling: continuous $\mathbf{k}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathbf{p}$ models, tight-binding models, and ab initio calculations. We apply the method to compute and identify Chern, ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$, and crystalline topological insulators, as well as topological semimetal phases, using real material examples. Moreover, we provide a numerical implementation of this technique (the Z2Pack software package) that is ideally suited for high-throughput screening of materials databases for compounds with nontrivial topologies. We expect that our work will allow researchers to (a) identify topological materials optimal for experimental probes, (b) classify existing compounds, and (c) reveal materials that host novel, not yet described, topological states.
Mitochondrial SIRT3 and heart disease (2010)

Sirtuins are emerging as key regulators of many cellular functions including metabolism, cell growth, apoptosis, and genetic control of ageing. In mammals there are seven sirtuin analogues, SIRT1 to SIRT7. Among them SIRT3 is unique because this is the only analogue whose increased expression has been found to be associated with extended lifespan of humans. SIRT3 levels have been shown to be elevated by exercise and calorie restriction. Although the role of SIRT3 in cell biology is only beginning to be understood, initial studies have shown that SIRT3 plays a major role in free fatty acid oxidation and maintenance of cellular ATP levels. In the heart SIRT3 has been found to block development of cardiac hypertrophy and protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Similarly, SIRT3 has been reported to have tumour-suppressive characteristics. In this article, we review the known effects of SIRT3 in different tissues and relate them to the protection of cardiomyocytes under stress.
Obtaining candidate words by polling in a large vocabulary speech recognition system (2003)

Considers the problem of rapidly obtaining a short list of candidate words for more detailed inspection in a large vocabulary, vector-quantizing speech recognition system. An approach called polling is advocated, in which each label produced by the vector quantizer casts a varying, real-valed vote for each word in the vocabulary. The words receiving the highest votes are placed on a short list to be matched in detail at a later stage of processing. Expressions are derived for these votes under the assumption that for any given word, the observed label frequencies have Poisson distributions. Although the method is more general, particular attention is paid to the implementation of polling in speech recognition systems which use hidden Markov models during the acoustic match computation. Results are presented of experiments with speaker-dependent and speaker-independent Markov models on two different isolated word recognition tasks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>