gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning of rfaG, B, I, and J genes for glycosyltransferase enzymes for synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide core of Salmonella typhimurium (1985)

R-prime plasmids carrying the pyrE-rfa-cysE region of the chromosome of Salmonella typhimurium were isolated by using the vector pULB113 (RP4::mini-Mu). One of the R-prime plasmids was used as a source of DNA to clone the rfa genes for lipopolysaccharide synthesis to pBR322. The following three hybrid plasmids were constructed: pKZ15, with a 4.0-kilobase EcoRI fragment of S. typhimurium DNA, containing the rfaG gene; pKZ27, a 9-kilobase BglII fragment with the rfaG, rfaB, and rfaI genes; and pKZ26, a 7.7-kilobase HindIII fragment with the rfaG, rfaB, rfaI, and rfaJ genes. We propose that these cloned genes code for four glycosyltransferases used for synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide core region (rfaG for glucosyltransferase I; rfaI for galactosyltransferase I; rfaB for galactosyltransferase II; and rfaJ for glucosyltransferase II). For all four genes, mutants which lacked the appropriate enzyme activity were complemented by the plasmids to give completed core lipopolysaccharide with O (somatic) side chains; for rfaG, rfaB, and rfaI, mutants gave restored or even amplified levels of the appropriate glycosyltransferase in in vitro assays. We show that the order of genes in the region is pyrE-rfaG-(rfaB-rfaI)-rfaJ-rfaL-rfaF -cysE.
Binary tree-structured vector quantization approach toclustering and visualizing microarray data (2002)

Starting with a systematic comparison of the underlying theories behind clustering approaches, we have devised a technique that combines tree-structured vector quantization and partitive k-means clustering (BTSVQ). This hybrid technique has revealed clinically relevant clusters in three large publicly available data sets. In contrast to existing systems, our approach is less sensitive to data preprocessing and data normalization. In addition, the clustering results produced by the technique have strong similarities to those of self-organizing maps (SOMs). We discuss the advantages and the mathematical reasoning behind our approach.
Multiple Reply to MESSAGE requests in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2007)

This document defines extensions to the Reply-To header field for
MESSAGE so that it can be used to specify multiple addresses as the
target of reply MESSAGE. These extensions include the use of pointers
to Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)-lists in the Reply-To header
field and the multiple-reply SIP option-tag.
A Novel Type of Corn Starch from a Strain of Maize. Part 3. The Properties of the Starch from Amylo‐waxy Maize and Its Hybrids with Waxy Maize (1978)

Abstract A pair of hybrids were produced by alternative crossbreeding of waxy maize with amylo‐waxy maize which had double recessive genes, amylose extender ( ae ) and waxy ( wx ). Investigation of the starches proved that they did not coincide with waxy starches. Hidden amylose extender genes also participated in the starch produced in the endosperm of hybrid maize. Amylo‐waxy starch looks promising as a new material of food industry.
Lapatinib for Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer (2012)

Lapatinib is a potent reversible and selective inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase domains of epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 that exerts its action by competitive binding to the intracellular ATP-binding site of the receptor. It is registered for the treatment of advanced or metastatic HER-2+ breast cancer in combination with capecitabine and for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in combination with an aromatase inhibitor. Lapatinib administered orally once daily is moderately to well tolerated, with rash and gastrointestinal adverse events as the main toxicities. In studies on the efficacy of lapatinib, direct comparisons between lapatinib and trastuzumab are lacking. Results of ongoing randomized phase III studies with lapatinib or trastuzumab in combination with taxanes as first-line agents for metastatic breast cancer as well as in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings are awaited.
Selective Neural Network Ensembles in Reinforcement Learning (2014)

Abstract. Ensemble models can achieve more accurate predictions than single learners. Selective ensembles further improve the predictions by selecting an informative subset of the full ensemble. We consider reinforcement learning ensembles, where the members are neural networks. In this context we study a new algorithm for ensemble subset selection in reinforcement learning scenarios. The aim of the proposed learning strategy is to minimize the Bellman errors of the collected states. In the empirical evaluation, two benchmark applications with large state spaces have been considered, namely SZ-Tetris and generalized maze. Here, our selective ensemble algorithm significantly outperforms other approaches. 1
Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Porphyrin, Chlorin and Bacteriochlorin Molecules Bearing Tethers for Surface Attachment (2007)

The ability to tailor synthetic porphyrin, chlorin and bacteriochlorin molecules holds promise for diverse studies in artificial photosynthesis. Toward this goal, the synthesis and photophysical characterization of five tetrapyrrole compounds is described. Each compound bears a surface attachment group. One set contains three meso-substituted porphyrins that differ only in the nature of a surface-binding tether-isophthalic acid, ethynylisophthalic acid or cyanoacrylic acid. The other set includes a porphyrin, chlorin and bacteriochlorin each of which bears an ethynylisophthalic acid tether. The ester derivative of each compound was prepared for solution photophysical characterization studies. The photophysical studies include determination (in toluene or acetonitrile) of the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence yield and lifetime of the lowest excited singlet state. The excited-state lifetimes range from 1 to 5.6 ns for the five compounds. The radiative rate constant for the excited-state decay was estimated from the photophysical data (fluorescence yield and excited-state lifetime) and from Strickler-Berg analysis of the absorption and fluorescence spectra. The synthesis and characterization of the tetrapyrrole compounds underpin their use as sensitizers in molecular-based solar cells.
Prototype of 3-Gb/s 60-GHz millimeter-wave-based wireless file-transfer system (2013)

We report the development of the prototype of a high-speed wireless file-transfer system using a 60-GHz band. The prototype achieved an effective user-data rate over 3 Gb/s using a quadrature-phase-shift keying modulation, including overheads of a physical layer and a retransmission control between two memory devices, by using a new 40-nm CMOS baseband LSI and automatic direct memory-access control.
Pharmacokinetic Aspects of the Two Novel Oral Drugs Used for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Abiraterone Acetate and Enzalutamide (2016)

Two novel oral drugs that target androgen signaling have recently become available for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Abiraterone acetate inhibits the synthesis of the natural ligands of the androgen receptor, whereas enzalutamide directly inhibits the androgen receptor by several mechanisms. Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide appear to be equally effective for patients with mCRPC pre- and postchemotherapy. Rational decision making for either one of these drugs is therefore potentially driven by individual patient characteristics. In this review, an overview of the pharmacokinetic characteristics is given for both drugs and potential and proven drug-drug interactions are presented. Additionally, the effect of patient-related factors on drug disposition are summarized and the limited data on the exposure-response relationships are described. The most important pharmacological feature of enzalutamide that needs to be recognized is its capacity to induce several key enzymes in drug metabolism. The potency to cause drug-drug interactions needs to be addressed in patients who are treated with multiple drugs simultaneously. Abiraterone has a much smaller drug-drug interaction potential; however, it is poorly absorbed, which is affected by food intake, and a large interpatient variability in drug exposure is observed. Dose reductions of abiraterone or, alternatively, the selection of enzalutamide, should be considered in patients with hepatic dysfunction. Understanding the pharmacological characteristics and challenges of both drugs could facilitate decision making for either one of the drugs.
Experimental demonstrations of 20 Gbit/s direct-detection optical OFDM and 12 Gbit/s with a colorless transmitter (2007)

Abstract: We show experimentally that optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing using a simple direct-detection receiver can post-compensate for dispersion in 320km of SMF28e fiber at 20 Gbit/s. We also demonstrate a colorless transmitter at 12 Gbit/s. ©2007 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (060.2330) Fiber optics communications (060.4080) Modulation
The Use of Malachite Green as a Fish Fungicide and Antiseptic (1936)

(1936). The Use of Malachite Green as a Fish Fungicide and Antiseptic. The Progressive Fish-Culturist: Vol. 3, No. 18, pp. 7-9.
Nitric Oxide Switches on the Photoluminescence of Molecularly Engineered Quantum Dots (2009)

The photoluminescence of nonfluorescent molecularly engineered quantum dots (QDs) with iron(III) dithiocarbamates was selectively switched on by nitric oxide. Such functional QDs consisted of CdSe-ZnS nanocrystals as fluorophores and surface bound tris(N-(dithiocarboxy)sarcosine)iron(III) as reactive centers for nitric oxide. The fluorescence of the QDs was quenched by energy transfer between the excited QD cores and the surface bound iron(III) dithiocarbamates due to their optical energy overlapping. Nitric oxide restored the fluorescence of the QDs through reduction of the surface bound iron(III) complexes to iron(I)-NO adducts and thus shutting down the energy transfer pathway. The fluorescence of the iron(III) complex engineered QDs was selectively and quantitatively restored by nitric oxide but not by other reactive oxygen species. Such a property of the functional QDs could be used for sensing nitric oxide based on the fluorescence "turn on" mechanism.
Simultaneous Measurement of Temperature and Strain using PANDA Fiber Grating (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Sudo, M. Nakai, K. Himeno, S. Suzaki, A. Wada, and R. Yamauchi, "Simultaneous Measurement of Temperature and Strain using PANDA Fiber Grating," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OWC7. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Adsorption effects in the flow of polymer solutions through capillaries (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption effects in the flow of polymer solutions through capillariesYoram Cohen and A. B. MetznerCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 5, 1425–1429Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00233a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00233a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views292Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chromatic dispersion and losses of microstructured optical fibers (2003)

Using a rigorous and vector multipole method, we compute both losses and dispersion properties of microstructured optical fibers with finite cross sections. We restrict our study to triangular lattices of air-hole inclusions in a silica matrix, taking into account material dispersion. The fiber core is modeled by a missing inclusion. The influence of pitch, hole diameter, and number of hole rings on chromatic dispersion is described, and physical insights are given to explain the behavior observed. It is shown that flattened dispersion curves obtained for certain microstructured fiber configurations are unsuitable for applications because of the fibers' high losses and that they cannot be improved by a simple increase of the number of air-hole rings.
Comparative Study of Blood Cell Staining with Wright-Giemsa Stain, Field Stain, and a New Modified Stain (2005)

Routine staining of blood films usually entails staining with Wright-Giemsa stain; however, some modifications of the standard Wright-Giemsa stain have been performed. The field stain or dip method is an example of these modifications. The authors created a new modification of Wright-Giemsa stain and performed a study to compare our modified stain with Wright-Giemsa stain and field stain. Three experts in microscopy were used in performing this comparative study. The average grading score from each stain method from all 3 experts was set as a basic parameter for comparison. We found that the field stain, which was created for field work, had a lower grading score in staining than the other 2 staining methods in many studied aspects (analysis of variance test, P < .05). In addition, we can demonstrate that the 3 experts presented similar decisions on the blood smear evaluation. Conclusively, we found that our modified method can give staining results similar to the standard Wright-Giemsa stain. In addition, our modification can decrease the staining time.
Comparative analysis of both genomic segments of betanodaviruses isolated from epizootic outbreaks in farmed fish species provides evidence for genetic reassortment (2009)

Sequencing of the full coding region of both genomic segments of seven betanodavirus strains isolated from different farmed species in Spain and Portugal revealed that six were reassortants, exhibiting a red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV)-type RNA1 and a striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV)-type RNA2. Analysis of sequences of reassortant strains at both the genomic and protein levels revealed the existence of differences compared with type strains of both genotypes. These differences were greater in the polymerase sequence, which is remarkable because viral structural proteins generally diverge more rapidly than non-structural proteins. Changes in two amino acids observed in the SJNNV capsid protein might be involved in the colonization of new host species by these reassortant strains. In addition, a more extensive phylogenetic analysis, including partial sequences of both RNA segments of 16 other Iberian nodaviruses, confirmed the existence of reassortment between RGNNV and SJNNV.
A Novel Synthesis of Nanostructured ZnO via Thermal Oxidation of Zn Nanowires Obtained by a Green Route (2010)

ZnO nanowires were synthesised in a green and novel, two-step process: (1) the production of Zn nanowires by carbo-thermal reduction of a mixture of ZnO/biopitch (Eucalyptus sp. tar pitch) at 900°C for 1 h in a quartz tube placed in an electric furnace in a N2 atmosphere and (2) the oxidation of the as-prepared Zn nanowires in air at 300°C for 3 h and 6 h and at 400°C for 3 h. The structural properties and phase compositions of the oxidised samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the morphologies were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results demonstrated the formation of ZnO phase, as the main product. The oxidised products exhibited good crystallinity. Maximal conversion of the Zn nanowires into ZnO nanowires (99%) resulted from oxidation of the sample for 3 h in air at 300°C. The formation of ZnO was also confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Microchannel Systems in Titanium and Silicon for Structural and Mechanical Studies of Aligned Protein Self-Assemblies (2005)

We report a technique for the alignment of self-assembled protein systems, such as F-actin bundles and microtubules, in a surface-modified titanium or silicon microfluidic device. Assembling filamentous protein systems in a confined geometry produces highly aligned samples for structural and mechanical studies. Biomolecular self-assembly can be investigated in a controlled fashion under different molecular concentration gradients and conditions along a channel length. We have shown that surface-modified devices produced via a high aspect ratio etch process in titanium and silicon can be used to confine and control such macromolecular assemblies and present examples of F-actin bundles and microtubules in this system.
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) Mediates Inflammation-induced Shedding of Syndecan-1 and -4 by Lung Epithelial Cells (2009)

Syndecans are cell surface proteoglycans that bind and modulate various proinflammatory mediators and can be proteolytically shed from the cell surface. Within the lung, syndecan-1 and -4 are expressed as transmembrane proteins on epithelial cells and released in the bronchoalveolar fluid during inflammation. We here characterize the mechanism leading to the generation of soluble syndecan-1 and -4 in cultured epithelial cells and murine lung tissue. We show that the bladder carcinoma epithelial cell line ECV304, the lung epithelial cell line A459 and primary alveolar epithelial cells express and constitutively release syndecan-1 and -4. This release involves the activity of the disintegrin-like metalloproteinase ADAM17 as demonstrated by use of specific inhibitors and lentivirally transduced shRNA. Stimulation of epithelial cells with PMA, thrombin, or proinflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha/IFNgamma) led to the down-regulation of surface-expressed syndecan-1 and -4, which was associated with a significant increase of soluble syndecans and cell-associated cleavage fragments. The enhanced syndecan release was not related to gene induction of syndecans or ADAM17, but rather due to increased ADAM17 activity. Soluble syndecan-1 and -4 were also released into the bronchoalveolar fluid of mice. Treatment with TNFalpha/IFNgamma increased ADAM17 activity and syndecan release in murine lungs. Both constitutive and induced syndecan shedding was prevented by the ADAM17 inhibitor. ADAM17 may therefore be an important regulator of syndecan functions on inflamed lung epithelium.
The Rheological Properties of Oil-Based Mud under High Pressure and High Temperature Conditions (2012)

Designing a proper drilling fluid that can function properly under the conditions of High-Pressure, High-Temperature (HP/HT) operations is very challenging. Among these challenges is the alteration of the rheological properties of drilling fluid due to the high temperature and high pressure (Ibeh et. al, 2007). This work investigates the rheological behavior of oil-based drilling fluids with different properties at Ultra-HP/HT conditions using a state-of-the-art viscometer capable of measuring drilling fluids properties up to 600°F and 40,000 psi. For this purpose, two actual oil based mud samples used by industry with the same mud weight (12.5 ppg) were chosen to carry out a matrix of experiments. The results of this study led to concluding that the viscosity, yield point and gel strength decrease with increasing temperature (until the mud sample fails, for oil-based mud with regular formulation). This behavior is the result of the thermal degradation of the solid, polymers, and other components of the mud samples and the expansion of the molecular distances which will lower the resistance of the fluid to flow and, hence, its viscosity, yield point, and gel strength. Moreover, it is concluded that the viscosity and yield point increase as the pressure increases. Pressure’s effect on these parameters, however, is more apparent at low temperature (below failure point, for oil-based mud with regular formulation). Key words : High pressure high temperature; Oil-based mud; Rheology; Rheological properties
1,2-Oxazine chemistry. Part 6. Conformational analysis of cyclohexene and a heterocyclic analogue by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1977)

The 13C n.m.r. spectra of twenty-six 3,6-dihydro-1,2-oxazines are reported. A multiple linear regression analysis of the substituent effects on the shifts of the ring carbon atoms gives results similar to those found with cyclohexene, suggesting conformational similarities between these ring systems. It is inferred from the results that alkyl groups at positions 3 and 4 in a cyclohexene-like system largely prefer the equatorial position.
XI Commandments of Kubernetes Security: A Systematization of Knowledge Related to Kubernetes Security Practices (2020)

Kubernetes is an open-source software for automat- ing management of computerized services. Organizations, such as IBM, Capital One and Adidas use Kubernetes to deploy and manage their containers, and have reported benefits related to deployment frequency. Despite reported benefits, Kubernetes deployments are susceptible to security vulnerabilities, such as those that occurred at Tesla in 2018. A systematization of Kubernetes security practices can help practitioners mitigate vulnerabilities in their Kubernetes deployments. The goal of this paper is to help practitioners in securing their Kubernetes installations through a systematization of knowledge related to Kubernetes security practices. We systematize knowledge by applying qualitative analysis on 104 Internet artifacts. We identify 11 security practices that include (i) implementation of role-based access control (RBAC) authorization to provide least privilege, (ii) applying security patches to keep Kubernetes updated, and (iii) implementing pod and network specific security policies.
Analyses of mode partition and mode hopping in semiconductor lasers (1989)

Mode power fluctuations in semiconductors laser due to mode partition and mode hopping are discussed. The power dropout probability P/sub e/ in the mode partition was measured for a wide range, 1.6*10/sup -6/<or=P/sub e/<or=1, which decreased by increasing I/I/sub th/ (I and I/sub th/ are the DC injection current and its threshold value respectively). The duration time t/sub d/ of the power dropout expressed at t/sub d/=3.7*10/sup 48/ exp(-118 (I/I/sub th/)) for 1.065<or=I/I/sub th/<or=1.104. Power fluctuations exhibited specific characteristics around the threshold, which were similar to the critical slowing down in the phase transition phenomenon. An increase in the variance of the power fluctuations was observed when the laser oscillating condition was converted from mode partition to mode hopping. The unified stochastic model based on the Fokker-Planck approach described well both mode partition and mode hopping.<<ETX>>