gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator from lytic viral vectors and in established cell lines. (1986)

We have used two kinds of vectors to express a cDNA of human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in mammalian cells. In one case, cDNAs inserted into vectors based on bovine papilloma virus were introduced into cultured murine cells and cell lines were established that efficiently and continuously secrete enzymatically active t-PA into the medium. Second, the t-PA gene was used to replace the sequences of the simian virus (SV40) genome that code for the viral coat proteins. Virus stocks were generated and used to infect a stable line of cultured simian cells. During the resulting lytic infection, expression of the t-PA gene is governed by the potent SV40 late promoter and enzymatically active t-PA accumulates rapidly in the medium. We have used these two vector systems to analyze the biosynthesis and transport of recombinant t-PA and to compare its properties with those of "natural" t-PA secreted by the Bowes line of human melanoma cells. t-PA secreted from all three sources is identical in specific activity (approximately 20,000 units/mg) despite differences in patterns of terminal glycosylation. Furthermore, non-glycosylated t-PA synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin was secreted efficiently and was indistinguishable in specific activity from glycosylated t-PAs.
Structure–properties relationship of carbazole and fluorene hybrid trimers: experimental and theoretical approaches (2014)

Synthesis and properties of fluorene and carbazole derivatives having three electrophores per molecule with different architectures are reported. The synthesized compounds possess high thermal stabilities with 5% weight loss temperatures exceeding 350 °C. They form glasses with glass transition temperatures ranging from 60 to 68 °C. Cyclovoltammetric experiments revealed the high electrochemical stability of the fluorene trimer. In contrast, 2- and 2,7-fluorenyl substituted carbazole derivatives show irreversible oxidation in the CV experiments. The electron photoemission spectra of the films of the synthesized compounds revealed ionization potentials of 5.65-5.89 eV. Hole drift mobilities in the amorphous layers of the synthesized compounds reach 10(-2) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) at high electric fields, as established by a xerographic time-of-flight technique. DFT calculations show that HOMO and LUMO orbitals of the compounds are very similar in energy and shape. The similar hole mobilities observed for the three compounds are discussed in the frame of the Marcus theory. An important influence of the alkyl groups on the ionization potentials and on the hole mobilities was also observed and its origin is discussed.
Novel full bridge zero-voltage-transition PWM DC/DC converter for high power applications (2002)

A novel full-bridge (FB) zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) PWM DC/DC converter for high power applications is proposed. An auxiliary network which consists of two small switches and one small inductor provides zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) for entire line and load ranges without increasing device voltage and current stresses. Since the ZVS range is independent of the switch capacitance, IGBTs can be used instead of MOSFETs by adding external capacitors to the switches without increasing switching losses, which allows the proposed converter to handle higher power. Operation, analysis, and features are described and verified experimentally. A 1.8 kW ZVT PWM converter prototype is compared with a ZVS PWM converter prototype of the same power rating.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Redefining Broadcast Transmission Systems: A Software-Based Approach (2008)

With the continued advances of information technology into content management and production workflows, broadcast facilities are becoming largely information technology (IT)-centric operations, leveraging proven enterprise-class server and network technologies. A major exception to this trend, however, is the broadcast transmission process (master control and playout), which remains heavily dependent on specialized broadcast hardware. In this process, transmission of a moderately complex television channel can involve a dozen or more specialized hardware components linked by an automation system. In many cases, the costs associated with this traditional approach to broadcast transmission can be prohibitive for internet protocol television (IPTV) and other new operators intending to set up and manage their own playout facilities. Furthermore, to compete head-on with mainstream broadcast channels, new service providers need to match the quality standard and aesthetics that an increasingly discerning audience has come to expect. The ability to move the transmission process to an IT platform opens the door to an entirely new business model for broadcasters. With a fully-featured broadcast transmission chain provided by a software solution operating on industry-standard IT servers rather than specialized broadcast hardware, it is now possible to build and operate a broadcast transmission center as an extension of an IT-centric enterprise.
Factors Influencing the Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination of Hemodialysis Patients (1989)

The response rate and HBsAG antibody concentrations were examined after hepatitis B vaccination in 78 hemodialysis patients aged between 29 and 79 years. The values were related to age, duration of hemodialysis, body weight, creatinine, urea nitrogen, serum concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R). Patients with low anti-HBsAG antibody concentrations (10-100 mU/ml) had significantly higher IL-2R serum concentrations than those with high anti-HBsAG antibody concentrations (greater than 3,000 mU/ml; p less than 0.05). Discriminant multivariate analysis (p = 0.032) revealed the influence (62%) of IL-2R on the response rate while other factors were similar in all patient groups. It is concluded that preactivation of T cells with an increased release of IL-2R may contribute to impaired immune response after hepatitis B vaccination.
Sterol Requirement for Zoospore Formation in the Mosquito-Parasitizing Fungus<i>Lagenidium Giganteum</i> (1977)

SUMMARYThe oomycete Lagenidium giganteum, a facultative parasite of mosquito larvae, requires exogenous sterols for the genesis of zoospores when grown on defined or on usual mycological media. Growth media prepared from oil-rich materials such as soy or hemp seed were very effective inducers for zoospores as were the crude oils obtained therefrom when used in conjunction with normal mycological media. The best individual sterols for zoosporangial growth were sitosterol and campesterol, and less effectively ergosterol and cholesterol. A number of synthetic sterols such as cholesteryl phosphate and cholestan-3 beta-ol were also good inducers; sitosteryl glucoside was also utilized. The sterol requirement and the parasitic mode of existence of Lagenidium giganteum were compared to those of species of Pythium and Phytophthora.
Iterative interference increase estimation (I/sup 3/E): a CAC scheme for UMTS uplink (2004)

A flexible radio resource utilization in W-CDMA systems, like UMTS, can be achieved using call admission control (CAC) schemes since the number of calls admitted can be adjusted according to interference conditions. Efficient CAC schemes proposed for the uplink direction take the acceptance decision estimating the effect of new call on the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of the already active calls. In order to reach this goal, predictive schemes measure the total received power at the base stations and estimate the interference increase due to the new call. In this paper we propose a new predictive scheme, iterative interference-increase estimation (I/sup 3/E), and compare its performance with that of previously proposed schemes based on the estimation of the noise raise. We show that the traffic acceptable with the noise raise scheme is far from the upper capacity bound, while with our new scheme it can be increased remarkably and at the same time the call dropping probability can be kept very low.
A low complexity MIMO system based on BLAST and iterative anti-gray-demapping (2004)

We present a low complexity encoder and mapper for wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The BLAST (bell Laboratories layered space-time) algorithm is enhanced by a dedicated iterative QAM demapper with anti-Gray code. At the transmitter a low complexity convolutional encoder and a QAM mapper with anti-Gray code are used, whose EXIT (extrinsic information transfer) chart are matched to obtain a BER turbo cliff at low SNR. Computer simulations are presented for 4 /spl times/ 4. 6 /spl times/ 6, and 8 /spl times/ 8 MlMO fading channels with additive white Gaussian noise. For a 6 /spl times/ 6 MIMO channel our low complexity scheme can provide a turbo cliff at E/sub b//N/sub o/ = 8.5 dB for 16-QAM.
The Impact of <i>Rosenberger v. Rector and Visitors of University of Virginia</i> on Public Forum Doctrine (1999)

Abstract In Rosenberger the Supreme Court held that the denial of funds for a student religious publication at the University of Virginia was unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination. The decision signaled a change in public forum doctrine in cases involving religious speech. This paper examines how lower federal courts have applied the Rosenberger decision in public forum cases. Most of the cases have involved situations that move well beyond the issue of funding student groups at public universities. Lower courts have been divided in their treatment of the decision. In ten cases the Rosenberger precedent was followed as controlling authority but in eleven others it was used by dissenting judges. In the remaining cases, the precedent was either distinguished or it did not play a central role in the opinion. Despite the variance in lower court application, the Rosenberger decision has had an impact on public forum doctrine, especially where religious speech is concerned.
Implementation of an economic jitter compliance test for a multi-gigabit device on ATE (2005)

State of the art communication devices combine multiple high-speed interfaces like SFI4.2 and XAUI with speeds up to 3.2 gigabits per second (Gbps) on a single CMOS chip. One key parameter common to the specification of these interfaces is the jitter observed on the transmitters. Existing automated test approaches are not able to cover this parameter during production test at a reasonable economical performance, determined by the following items: capital investment, time-to-market (TTM) and test cost per chip. This work includes a discussion of the need for jitter separation, a thorough review of jitter separation algorithms and also presents the results of a specific jitter separation approach with an at-speed ATE system.
A gene which causes severe ocular alterations and occipital encephalocele (Knobloch syndrome) is mapped to 21q22.3 (1996)

Knobloch syndrome (KS), characterized by high myopia, vitreoretinal degeneration with retinal detachment, macular abnormalities and occipital encephalocele, was recently confirmed as autosomal recessive. Here we report the assignment of the gene for this syndrome to 21q22.3 with the marker D21S171 through homozygosity mapping in a highly inbred Brazilian family with 11 affected individuals. A total of nine markers spanning a region of 15.2 cM of the chromosome 21q22.3 were tested and the candidate region was restricted to an interval of 4.3 cM.
Measurement of cardiac function by transthoracic echocardiography: day to day variability and repeatability in normal Thoroughbred horses (1998)

In order to assess the reliability and repeatability of transthoracic echocardiography for detecting serial changes in cardiac function in horses, day to day variability of a number of echocardiographic indices of ventricular function were studied. The variables investigated were, from 2-dimensional (2-D) and M-mode echocardiography - aortic diameter in systole (Aos), pulmonary artery diameter in systole (Pas), left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LLVIDs) and diastole (LLVIDd), and left ventricular fractional shortening (%FS) and estimated ejection fraction (EF). From pulsed Doppler echocardiography - maximum velocity (Vmax) and acceleration (dv/dtmax) of aortic and pulmonary arterial blood flow, left and right ventricular velocity time integral (AoVTI and PAVTI) and estimated cardiac output (COLV, and CORV), left and right ventricular ejection time (LVET and RVET) and pre-ejection period (LVPEP and RVPEP), and heart rate. Maximum velocity of early rapid right ventricular filling (ETV) and late right ventricular filling due to right atrial contraction (ATV) were measured. Maximum deceleration and time for deceleration of early rapid filling (dv/dtTV and dt TV) were also determined. Seven healthy mature Thoroughbred horses weighing 490-600 kg were studied. The horses' management regimes and environment were standardised and an echocardiographic examination was carried out on each horse at the same time every day for 6 consecutive days. Two statistical measures of repeatability were calculated for each variable: the intraclass correlation coefficient (rI) and the 95% confidence intervals for error free value of a single measurement. In general, the dimensions and indices of cardiac function derived from 2-D and M-mode echocardiography showed better repeatability for individual horses than did the indices derived from Doppler echocardiography. Overall the 95% confidence intervals for an error-free value of all variables derived from Doppler echocardiography were wide. This must be appreciated when attributing serial measured changes of Doppler echocardiographic variables in an individual animal to effects of a treatment or disease.
Synapto-Protective Drugs Evaluation in Reconstructed Neuronal Network (2013)

Chronic neurodegenerative syndromes such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, or acute syndromes such as ischemic stroke or traumatic brain injuries are characterized by early synaptic collapse which precedes axonal and neuronal cell body degeneration and promotes early cognitive impairment in patients. Until now, neuroprotective strategies have failed to impede the progression of neurodegenerative syndromes. Drugs preventing the loss of cell body do not prevent the cognitive decline, probably because they lack synapto-protective effects. The absence of physiologically realistic neuronal network models which can be easily handled has hindered the development of synapto-protective drugs suitable for therapies. Here we describe a new microfluidic platform which makes it possible to study the consequences of axonal trauma of reconstructed oriented mouse neuronal networks. Each neuronal population and sub-compartment can be chemically addressed individually. The somatic, mid axon, presynaptic and postsynaptic effects of local pathological stresses or putative protective molecules can thus be evaluated with the help of this versatile "brain on chip" platform. We show that presynaptic loss is the earliest event observed following axotomy of cortical fibers, before any sign of axonal fragmentation or post-synaptic spine alteration. This platform can be used to screen and evaluate the synapto-protective potential of several drugs. For instance, NAD⁺ and the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 can efficiently prevent synaptic disconnection, whereas the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk and the stilbenoid resveratrol do not prevent presynaptic degeneration. Hence, this platform is a promising tool for fundamental research in the field of developmental and neurodegenerative neurosciences, and also offers the opportunity to set up pharmacological screening of axon-protective and synapto-protective drugs.
28 S ribosomal RNA in vertebrates. Locations of large-scale features revealed by electron microscopy in relation to other features of the sequences (1989)

The 28 S rRNA from several vertebrate species, when examined by electron microscopy, is seen to contain regions of extensive secondary structure, as first reported for HeLa-cell 28 S rRNA by Wellauer & Dawid [(1973) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70, 2827-2831]. Here we correlate the locations of these regions, determined from the electron-microscopic data, with the primary structure of 28 S rRNA from human, mouse and Xenopus laevis determined by sequence analysis of rDNA. The secondary-structure features observed by electron microscopy correspond closely to phylogenetically variable G + C-rich regions that largely comprise the eukaryotic expansion segments in these three species. In most if not all cases the features can be identified with long G + C-rich helices deduced from sequence data. Correlations are given between the locations of the secondary-structure features and several 'landmark' restriction sites in 28 S rDNA. By correlating the locations of the rRNA methyl groups reported elsewhere [Maden (1988) J. Mol. Biol. 201, 289-314] with the present findings it is concluded that the rRNA secondary-structure features revealed by electron microscopy are largely or wholly unmethylated.
A note on blind contact tracing at scale with applications to the COVID-19 pandemic (2020)

The current COVID-19 pandemic highlights the utility of contact tracing, when combined with case isolation and social distancing, as an important tool for mitigating the spread of a disease [1]. Contact tracing provides a mechanism of identifying individuals with a high likelihood of previous exposure to a contagious disease, allowing additional precautions to be put in place to prevent continued transmission. Here we consider a cryptographic approach to contact tracing based on secure two-party computation (2PC). We begin by considering the problem of comparing a set of location histories held by two parties to determine whether they have come within some threshold distance while at the same time maintaining the privacy of the location histories. We propose a solution to this problem using pre-shared keys, adapted from an equality testing protocol due to Ishai et al [2]. We discuss how this protocol can be used to maintain privacy within practical contact tracing scenarios, including both app-based approaches and approaches which leverage location history held by telecoms and internet service providers. We examine the efficiency of this approach and show that existing infrastructure is sufficient to support anonymised contact tracing at a national level.
GenoFrag: software to design primers optimized for whole genome scanning by long-range PCR amplification (2004)

Genome sequence data can be used to analyze genome plasticity by whole genome PCR scanning. Small sized chromosomes can indeed be fully amplified by long-range PCR with a set of primers designed using a reference strain and applied to several other strains. Analysis of the resulting patterns can reveal the genome plasticity. To facilitate such analysis, we have developed GenoFrag, a software package for the design of primers optimized for whole genome scanning by long-range PCR. GenoFrag was developed for the analysis of Staphylococcus aureus genome plasticity by whole genome amplification in approximately 10 kb-long fragments. A set of primers was generated from the genome sequence of S.aureus N315, employed here as a reference strain. Two subsets of primers were successfully used to amplify two portions of the N315 chromosome. This experimental validation demonstrates that GenoFrag is a robust and reliable tool for primer design and that whole genome PCR scanning can be envisaged for the analysis of genome diversity in S.aureus, one of the major public health concerns worldwide.
80960 tool technology for embedded control (2003)

The author addresses the design cycle where development tools are used. Design issues are addressed in the context of deterministic debug technology and the Intel 80960 embedded microprocessor. In the coding phase of design, intrinsic component capabilities and development languages are highlighted. In the debug phase, the in-circuit emulator, source-level debugger, and software execution vehicle are discussed. In the integration phase, the emulator is discussed again, along with the ROM builder utility of the macroassembler. It is stressed that it is necessary to evaluate all the parts (silicon performance and proven tool technology) of the architecture decision before committing to any one microprocessor family.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pyridopyrimidines. Part V. Syntheses and properties of pyrido[3,4-d]-pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones and -pyrimidine-2,4-(1H,3H)-diones (1969)

2,6,8-Trimethyl-, 6,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, and 2-phenyl-pyrido[3,4-d][1,3]oxazin-4-ones have been prepared from the corresponding 3-aminopyridine-4-carboxylic acids. Treatment of the pyrido-oxazines with amines yielded the corresponding pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidines or intermediate 3-aminopyridine-4-carboxamides. Hydrazinolyses and methylations of a number of pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones and -pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones are described. Some n.m.r. and mass spectra are discussed.
Properties of Molybdenum-Permalloy Films (1964)

Ternary alloy films were produced by variable-ratio sequential and simultaneous two-source evaporation under conditions comparable to those of technical Permalloy film evaporation. Intrinsic film properties measured at Mo concentrations up to 6%–8% indicated reductions of M, Hc, Hk, and dispersion. At high Mo concentrations, oblique incidence produced strong anisotropies. Crystallite dimensions were substantially less than in normal Permalloy films, and increased resistance to annealing was observed.
Performance of Hybrid MQAM-LFSK (HQFM) OFDM Transceiver in Rayleigh Fading Channels (2006)

In this contribution we propose a hybrid MQAM/LFSK modulation (HQFM) scheme and showed its performance over Rayleigh fading channels using different modulation formats and Doppler spread. The simulation invokes a PN sequence training based decision feedback equalizer. The performance of the proposed scheme was compared with conventional 256QAM-OFDM when communicating over channels exhibiting multi-path components. It was shown that the scheme advocated outperforms conventional system.
Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: Breathing Life into Constructed Tissue Substitutes (2006)

Long-term function of three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs depends on adequate vascularization after implantation. Accordingly, research in tissue engineering has focused on the analysis of angiogenesis. For this purpose, 2 sophisticated in vivo models (the chorioallantoic membrane and the dorsal skinfold chamber) have recently been introduced in tissue engineering research, allowing a more detailed analysis of angiogenic dysfunction and engraftment failure. To achieve vascularization of tissue constructs, several approaches are currently under investigation. These include the modification of biomaterial properties of scaffolds and the stimulation of blood vessel development and maturation by different growth factors using slow-release devices through pre-encapsulated microspheres. Moreover, new microvascular networks in tissue substitutes can be engineered by using endothelial cells and stem cells or by creating arteriovenous shunt loops. Nonetheless, the currently used techniques are not sufficient to induce the rapid vascularization necessary for an adequate cellular oxygen supply. Thus, future directions of research should focus on the creation of microvascular networks within 3D tissue constructs in vitro before implantation or by co-stimulation of angiogenesis and parenchymal cell proliferation to engineer the vascularized tissue substitute in situ.