gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bloch oscillations in small Josephson junctions: Possible fundamental standard of dc current and other applications (1985)

Possible applications of the quantum "Bloch" oscillations of the frequency <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f_{B} = (\bar{I}-\bar{V}/R)/2e</tex> in Josephson junctions with very small capacitance <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C (e^{2}/2C \gg k_{B}T)</tex> are discussed. The most natural application of this effect could be a fundamental standard of the dc current: I= 2efm, where f is an external radiation frequency and m is an integer. Of the other applications, a possibility to develop a sub-picowatt superconducting transistor seems the most attractive. Analog properties of the small junctions and prospects of their use in microwave receivers are also discussed briefly. Conditions of experimental observation and practical applications of the Bloch oscillations are formulated and the main apparent problems are outlined.
Hearing Loss Caused by a <i>P2RX2</i> Mutation Identified in a MELAS Family With a Coexisting Mitochondrial 3243AG Mutation (2015)

This is the first case report of a diagnosis of hearing loss caused by P2RX2 mutation in patients with MELAS. A potential explanation is that a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production due to MELAS with a mitochondrial 3243A>G mutation might suppress activation of P2X2 receptors. We also suggest that hearing loss caused by the P2RX2 mutation might be influenced by the decrease in ATP production due to MELAS.
Should Hospital Planning Continue To Be Regulated? (1983)

Prologue: In the face of efforts by the Reagan administration to kill the federal health planning program, Congress is in the midst of debating the future of its authorizing statute—the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act Congress has already taken significant steps to reduce activities and funding of the health planning program. These actions reflect a serious disenchantment with health planning. Under the act, the Department of Health and Human Services created a national network of health systems agencies, building upon previous efforts at using locally based organizations to distribute resources. Richard L. Johnson, a respected private consultant to hospitals, asks in his article whether it is in the public interest to totally deregulate hospital planning and, if not, what alternatives might make sense. Johnson argues that in the total absence of planning, unnecessary duplication of facilities and equipment would develop as strong hospitals moved to increase their market share. And he also suggests that market segmentation would occur in some locales where for-profit hospital chains affiliate with large multispecialty group practices. As a consequence, Johnson suggests that a move towards free competition must embody an interim phase that eases regulations but does not do away with them entirely.
Sensing Lanthanide Metal Content in Biological Tissues with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2013)

The development and validation of MRI contrast agents consisting of a lanthanide chelate often requires a determination of the concentration of the agent in ex vivo tissue. We have developed a protocol that uses 70% nitric acid to completely digest tissue samples that contain Gd(III), Dy(III), Tm(III), Eu(III), or Yb(III) ions, or the MRI contrast agent gadodiamide. NMR spectroscopy of coaxial tubes containing a digested sample and a separate control solution of nitric acid was used to rapidly and easily measure the bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS) shift caused by each lanthanide ion and gadodiamide. Each BMS shift was shown to be linearly correlated with the concentration of each lanthanide ion and gadodiamide in the 70% nitric acid solution and in digested rat kidney and liver tissues. These concentration measurements had outstanding precision, and also had good accuracy for concentrations ≥10 mM for Tm(III) Eu(III), and Yb(III), and ≥3 mM for Gd(III), gadodiamide, and Dy(III). Improved sample handling methods are needed to improve measurement accuracy for samples with lower concentrations.
Weight estimation from visual body appearance (2010)

Weight is a biometric trait which has been already studied in both the forensic and medical domains. In many practical situations, such as videosurveillance, weight can provide useful information for re-identification purposes but needs to be estimated from visual appearance (images or video). In this work we study the feasibility of weight estimation from anthropométrie data directly accessible from the available image material. A model is retrieved via multiple regression analysis on a set of anthropométrie features. A large medical database is exploited for the model training, while its validation is performed both on ideal and realistic conditions. The performance analysis of our approach shows that under noisy data conditions the system provides accurate estimations, putting the basis for a future work towards an automatic weight estimation.
Unsupervised discovery of a statistical verb lexicon (2006)

This paper demonstrates how unsupervised techniques can be used to learn models of deep linguistic structure. Determining the semantic roles of a verb's dependents is an important step in natural language understanding. We present a method for learning models of verb argument patterns directly from unannotated text. The learned models are similar to existing verb lexicons such as VerbNet and PropBank, but additionally include statistics about the linkings used by each verb. The method is based on a structured probabilistic model of the domain, and unsupervised learning is performed with the EM algorithm. The learned models can also be used discriminatively as semantic role labelers, and when evaluated relative to the PropBank annotation, the best learned model reduces 28% of the error between an informed baseline and an oracle upper bound.
Robust and fast speed control for torsional system based on state-space method (2002)

The authors propose a robust and fast speed control approach for a torsional system based on the state-space method. By choosing proper state feedback grains the torsional vibration is suppressed and dynamic characteristics are improved. A simplified model of the torsional system which is used to estimate the load torque is developed. Then the state observer of torsional torque and load speed is realized by using the model. The proposed approach is applied to experimental equipment. Both simulation and experimental results show the validity of the state observer. It is seen that the control system has fast speed response and robust stability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature-dependent carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of human serum low density lipoproteins (1976)

The natural abundance 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of human serum low density lipoproteins (LDL) shows significant temperature-dependent changes. These temperature-dependent spectra have been used to monitor changes in the organization of cholesterol esters within the LDL particle. Comparison with 13C NMR spectra of both cholesterol linoleate and an aqueous codispersion of cholesterol linoleate and egg phosphatidylcholine suggests that at low temperatures (10 degrees C), the cholesterol esters in LDL are organized in a smectic-like, liquid-crystalline arrangement. At temperatures above the order-disorder transition exhibited by the cholesterol esters of LDL, the cholesterol esters appear to be partially melted but still are motionally restricted compared with liquid cholesterol esters.
Gene synthesis from oligonucleotide mixtures by solid phase PCR and assembly PCR in a microfluidic chip system (2010)

The conventional gene synthesis methods, chemical or PCR, usually require over 2 weeks because of the separate executions of the different procedures. An integrated microfluidic chip system was designed to reduce this processing time to only 2 days with much less reaction volumes, and experimental reagent and solvent requirements. This fast high throughput gene synthesis method considerably minimizes contamination and simplifies material handling procedures. Our overall aim in this project is using the above-mentioned advantages of this system to synthesize long genes of arbitrary sequence with high purity, and cut the lead times and cost per base from the current values by at least one order of magnitude. In order to do this, four different steps are included in the microfluidic chip system: oligonucleotide synthesis and amplification on solid phase, on-chip purification, long DNA assembly, and gene transformation. The designed oligonucleotides to form the long DNAs were synthesized via light-directed phosphoramidite chemistry, and amplified on solid phase. The amplified products were treated by on-surface hybridization using complementary probes to make single strands and purification. The purified oligonucleotides were assembled into long DNAs on chip, and amplified with polymerase chain reaction in a separate microfluidic chip chamber. Finally, the synthetic target gene was transformed on a chip for gene expression. Our results showed these individual steps in bringing the system capability to a simultaneous production level of tens of double stranded oligonucleotides of lengths ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 kb and the potential of microfluidic gene and protein synthesis system.
Multi-Level Deep Neural Network Adaptation for Speaker Verification Using MMD and Consistency Regularization (2020)

Adapting speaker verification (SV) systems to a new environment is a very challenging task. Current adaptation methods in SV mainly focus on the backend, i.e, adaptation is carried out after the speaker embeddings have been created. In this paper, we present a DNN-based adaptation method using maximum mean discrepancy (MMD). Our method exploits two important aspects neglected by previous research. First, instead of minimizing domain discrepancy at utterance-level alone, our method minimizes domain discrepancy at both frame-level and utterance-level, which we believe will make the adaptation more robust to the duration discrepancy between training data and test data. Second, we introduce a consistency regularization for unlabelled target-domain data. The consistency regularization encourages the target speaker embeddings robust to adverse perturbations. Experiments on NIST SRE 2016 and 2018 show that our DNN adaptation works significantly better than the previously proposed DNN adaptation methods. What's more, our method works well with backend adaptation. By combining the proposed method with backend adaptation, we achieve a 9% improvement over backend adaptation in SRE18.
THE PREPARATION OF SOME ESTERS OF METHACRYLIC ACID (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE PREPARATION OF SOME ESTERS OF METHACRYLIC ACIDJOGINDER LAL and RICHARD GREENCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 8, 1030–1033Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01365a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01365a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1112Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Outcomes in Adults With Acute Liver Failure Between 1998 and 2013 (2016)

National Institutes of Health.
Anticancer effects of amooranin in human colon carcinoma cell line <i>in vitro</i> and in nude mice xenografts (2006)

Amooranin (AMR), a natural triterpenoid drug isolated and characterized from Amoora rohituka stem bark, is cytotoxic to SW620 human colon carcinoma cell line with an IC(50) value of 2.9 microg/ml. This novel compound caused depolarization of mitochondrial membrane and decrease of membrane potential, indicating initial signal of apoptosis induction. The percentage of cells with decreased mitochondrial potential ranged from 7.4% at 1 microg/ml to 60.5% at 100 microg/ml AMR. Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis using Annexin-V-FITC staining showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells ranged from 7.5% at 1 microg/ml to 59.2% at 100 microg/ml AMR. AMR-induced apoptosis was accompanied by redistribution of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol as well as down regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) proteins in a dose-dependent manner. SW620 human colon carcinoma xenograft mice treated with AMR showed significant reduction in tumor growth rates compared to saline- and doxorubicin-treated groups. The reduction in tumor growth rate was better in xenografts treated with 2 mg/kg AMR than 5 and 10 mg/kg treated mice. The analysis of global gene expression changes induced by AMR in xenograft tumors by microarray hybridization revealed that several genes involved in energy pathways, transport, apoptosis, immune response, nucleic acid metabolism, protein metabolism, cell growth and/or maintenance, signal transduction and cell communication, were affected by this natural cancer drug. These results suggest that the anticancer properties of AMR in SW620 human colon carcinoma cell line are mediated through its effects on functional genomics, targeting the apoptotic process.
Circulating anti‐MUC1 IgG antibodies as a favorable prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer (2002)

MUC1 is immunogenic in vivo and humoral and cellular immune responses against MUC1 have been detected in cancer patients. Our study explored the association of circulating anti-MUC1 antibodies with clinicopathological parameters or patients' survival of pancreatic cancer. Serum specimens from 36 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas were subjected to enzyme immunoassay for anti-MUC1 IgG or IgM antibodies. Serum levels of anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies were significantly correlated with survival time (p = 0.0004), whereas neither those of anti-MUC1 IgM nor anti-Galalpha(1,3)Gal IgG antibodies, the latter known as natural antibodies cross-reactive with MUC1, showed a given tendency. Some patients' sera with the higher antibody titer showed the reactivity with MUC1-transfectants of cultured pancreatic cancer cells, but not with MUC1-negative parental cells. When the samples were tentatively divided into 2 groups by the serum level of anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies, the survival of patients was significantly longer in the group with optical density >or=0.3 than in that with optical density <0.3 (p = 0.008). Circulating anti-MUC1 IgG antibody levels remained significant (HR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.003-0.289; p = 0.0024) after multivariate analysis for pTNM stage, patient age and gender. These data suggest that circulating anti-MUC1-IgG antibody levels may be predictive for survival of pancreatic cancer patients.
A retrospective analysis of the Alzheimer's disease vaccine progress – The critical need for new development strategies (2016)

The promising results obtained with aducanumab and solanezumab against Alzheimer's disease (AD) strengthen the vaccine approach to prevent AD, despite of the many clinical setbacks. It has been problematic to use conjugated peptides with Th1/Th2 adjuvants to induce immune responses against conformational epitopes formed by Aβ oligomers, which is critical to induce protective antibodies. Hence, vaccination should mimic natural immunity by using whole or if possible conjugated antigens, but biasing the response to Th2 with anti-inflammatory adjuvants. Also, selection of the carrier and cross-linking agents is important to prevent suppression of the immune response against the antigen. That certain compounds having phosphorylcholine or fucose induce a sole Th2 immunity would allow antigens with T-cell epitopes without inflammatory autoimmune reactions to be used. Another immunization method is DNA vaccines combined with antigenic ones, which favors the clonal selection and expansion of high affinity antibodies needed for immune protection, but this also requires Th2 immunity. Since AD transgenic mouse models have limited value for immunogen selection as shown by the clinical studies, screening may require the use of validated antibodies and biophysical methods to identify the antigens that would be most likely recognized by the human immune system and thus capable to stimulate a protective antibody response. To induce an anti-Alzheimer's disease protective immunity and prevent possible damage triggered by antigens having B-cell epitopes-only, whole antigens might be used; while inducing Th2 immunity with sole anti-inflammatory fucose-based adjuvants. This approach would avert a damaging systemic inflammatory immunity and the suppression of immunoresponse against the antigen because of carrier and cross-linkers; immune requirements that extend to DNA vaccines.
Chemical Biology in Plants: Finding New Connections between Pathways Using the Small Molecule Sortin1 (2014)

Chemical genomics is useful in studying essential cellular processes such as endomembrane trafficking pathways. This chapter describes a small molecule – Sortin1 – that connects plant vacuolar trafficking defects and flavonoid metabolism, both of which play important roles in plant growth and development. The compartmentalized endomembrane system ensures proper processing and trafficking of macromolecules to the sites of function. A normally functioning endomembrane trafficking machinery is essential for plant growth and development. Chemical genomics in combination with reverse genetics can identify and integrate different cellular pathways. In the case of Sortin1, chemical genomics connects three cellular processes: protein vacuolar trafficking, flavonoid vacuolar trafficking and metabolism, and vacuole biogenesis. Further identification of target proteins that directly interact with Sortin1 or its active decomposition product will reveal proteins that serve as a linker or hub of three different cellular processes.
Expression and Characterization of the Genes Encoding Azoreductases from<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>and<i>Geobacillus stearothermophilus</i> (2006)

Azoreductases have been characterized as enzymes that can decolorize azo dyes by reducing azo groups. In this study, genes encoding proteins having homology with the azoreductase gene of Bacillus sp. OY1-2 were obtained from Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, B. subtilis ISW1214, and Geobacillus stearotherophilus IFO13737 by polymerase chain reaction. All three genes encoded proteins with 174 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequences of azoreductase homologs from B. subtilis ISW1214, B. subtilis ATCC6633, and G. stearotherophilus IFO13737 showed similarity of 53.3, 53.9, and 53.3% respectively to that of Bacillus sp. OY1-2. All three genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, and were characterized as having the decolorizing activity of azo dyes in a beta-NADPH dependent manner. The transformation of several azo dyes into colorless compounds by recombinant enzymes was demonstrated to have distinct substrate specificity from that of azoreductase from Bacillus sp. OY1-2.
Fibrin-targeted recombinant hirudin inhibits fibrin deposition on experimental clots more efficiently than recombinant hirudin. (1994)

Fibrin-targeted hirudin (in comparison with unmodified hirudin) significantly reduces fibrin deposition on the surface of experimental clots.
Adsorption of Dyes and Phenols from Water on the Activated Carbons Prepared from Corncob Wastes (2001)

Pore structures and physical properties of the activated carbons prepared from corncob wastes at various activation temperatures (830, 860, 890 degrees C.) were first studied. Equilibria and rates of adsorption of two commercial dyes, phenol, and 3-chlorophenol from water on such activated carbons were then measured at 30 degrees C. All adsorption isotherms of the solutes could be well fitted by the Langmuir equation. Three simplified kinetic models including pseudo-first-order equation, pseudo-second-order equation, and intraparticle diffusion model were selected to follow the adsorption processes. It was shown that the adsorption of both phenols could be best described by the pseudo second-order equation, but that of both dyes best by the intraparticle diffusion model. Kinetic parameters of each best-fit model were calculated and discussed.
Fractionation of the triacylglycerols of lipase‐modified butter oil (1993)

Abstract Triacylglycerols (TGs) of lipase‐modified butter oil were separated into saturated, monoene, diene and triene fractions on a p ‐propylbenzene sulfonic acid solid‐phase extraction column loaded with silver ions. Fatty acid analysis of the fractions showed that the amounts of saturated TGs (98.4 mol%) and monoene TGs (26.0 mol%) in the saturated and monoene fractions, respectively, were close to the theoretical amounts of TGs in pure fractions. The column method provides a useful alternative to AgNO 3 ‐thin‐layer chromatography as a means of separating the TGs of butterfat and producing relatively pure TG fractions for further analysis by gas chromatography (GC) or GC‐mass spectrometry.
Novel c-CBL and CBL-b ubiquitin ligase mutations in human acute myeloid leukemia (2007)

The CBL ubiquitin ligase targets a variety of activated tyrosine kinases (TKs) for degradation. Many TKs are mutationally or autocrine activated and/or often overexpressed at the mRNA and protein levels in acute leukemias. We hypothesized that CBL is mutated in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Four of 12 patients and the MOLM-13 cell line harbored c-CBL mutations, either RNA splicing mutations, missense mutations, or a nucleotide insertion. Additionally, 1 of the 12 patients harbored a missense mutation in the related CBL-b gene. Each c-CBL mutation involves the structurally important alpha-helix within the linker region, while the mutation in CBL-b was located in the Ub-E2 protein-binding RING finger. Short-interfering RNA knockdown of mutant c-CBL present in MOLM-13 cells was growth inhibitory. In summary, novel mutations in c-CBL and CBL-b have been identified in human AML and may represent potential targets for novel therapeutics.
Behavioural pharmacology of glutamate in the basal ganglia (1992)

In Parkinson's disease the dopaminergic inhibition--mediated by DA2 receptors in the striatum--is reduced. Therefore glutamatergic excitation predominates in the antero-dorsal striatum. In turn the glutamatergic neurons of the subthalamic nucleus become disinhibited. Antagonists of the NMDA-subtype of glutamate receptors injected locally into the glutamatergically innervated nuclei or competitive and non-competitive NMDA-antagonists administered systemically, counteract parkinsonian symptoms in animals.
8.4: A New Addressing Scheme for PM OLED Display (2007)

Abstract This paper presents a new addressing scheme for PM OLED displays by using Consecutive Multiline Addressing, which decomposes the image information into multiline matrices and efficiently reduces the driving current amplitude of OLED pixels. As a result, the lifetime and/or resolution of PM OLED displays can substantially be extended.