gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gap gene properties of the pair-rule gene <i>runt</i> during <i>Drosophila</i> segmentation (1994)

The Drosophila Runt protein is a member of a new family of transcriptional regulators that have important roles in processes extending from pattern formation in insect embryos to leukemogenesis in humans. We used ectopic expression to investigate runt's function in the pathway of Drosophila segmentation. Transient over-expression of runt under the control of a Drosophila heat-shock promoter caused stripe-specific defects in the expression patterns of the pair-rule genes hairy and even-skipped but had a more uniform effect on the secondary pair-rule gene fushi tarazu. Surprisingly, the expression of the gap segmentation genes, which are upstream of runt in the segmentation hierarchy was also altered in hs/runt embryos. A subset of these effects were interpreted as due to an antagonistic effect of runt on transcriptional activation by the maternal morphogen bicoid. In support of this, expression of synthetic reporter gene constructs containing oligomerized binding sites for the Bicoid protein was reduced in hs/runt embryos. Finally, genetic experiments demonstrated that regulation of gap gene expression by runt is a normal component of the regulatory program that generates the segmented body pattern of the Drosophila embryo.
Inhibition of CD26/Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Enhances CCL11/Eotaxin-Mediated Recruitment of Eosinophils In Vivo (2008)

Chemokines mediate the recruitment of leukocytes to the sites of inflammation. N-terminal truncation of chemokines by the protease dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) potentially restricts their activity during inflammatory processes such as allergic reactions, but direct evidence in vivo is very rare. After demonstrating that N-terminal truncation of the chemokine CCL11/eotaxin by DPPIV results in a loss of CCR3-mediated intracellular calcium mobilization and CCR3 internalization in human eosinophils, we focused on the in vivo role of CCL11 and provide direct evidence for specific kinetic and rate-determining effects by DPPIV-like enzymatic activity on CCL11-mediated responses of eosinophils. Namely, it is demonstrated that i.v. administration of CCL11 in wild-type F344 rats leads to mobilization of eosinophils into the blood, peaking at 30 min. This mobilization is significantly increased in DPPIV-deficient F344 rats. Intradermal administration of CCL11 is followed by a dose-dependent recruitment of eosinophils into the skin and is significantly more effective in DPPIV-deficient F344 mutants as well as after pharmacological inhibition of DPPIV. Interestingly, CCL11 application leads to an up-regulation of DPPIV, which is not associated with negative feedback inhibition via DPPIV-cleaved CCL11((3-74)). These findings demonstrate regulatory effects of DPPIV for the recruitment of eosinophils. Furthermore, they illustrate that inhibitors of DPPIV have the potential to interfere with chemokine-mediated effects in vivo including but not limited to allergy.
Blessing or Curse? (2004)

Abstract The student with learning disabilities faces various challenges in an academic environment. As more students with learning disabilities enter post-secondary institutions, this poses a variety of considerations both for the student and for the librarian. The technology offers tremendous opportunities for disabled persons, and it stands to reason that more learning disabled persons may pursue distance education as a viable alternative to higher education. To date, there is very little literature examining the learning disabled student in a distance learning environment. This paper explores the implications for the distance librarian serving the needs of the distant student with learning disabilities by discussing the literature related to the learning disabled student in an academic environment, the profile of learning disabled students, challenges, models for success, and adaptive technology. The paper also makes reference to the standards, professional principles, and legislation that inform and guide the practices integrated into distance library service.
Molecular tools for the construction of peptide-based materials (2014)

Proteins and peptides are fundamental components of living systems where they play crucial roles at both functional and structural level. The versatile biological properties of these molecules make them interesting building blocks for the construction of bio-active and biocompatible materials. A variety of molecular tools can be used to fashion the peptides necessary for the assembly of these materials. In this tutorial review we shall describe five of the main techniques, namely solid phase peptide synthesis, native chemical ligation, Staudinger ligation, NCA polymerisation, and genetic engineering, that have been used to great effect for the construction of a host of peptide-based materials.
Gas liquid chromatography for detection of bacteriuria: examination for volatile acidic and neutral compounds. (1978)

Direct injection of clinically infected urines on porous-polymer columns was investigated to determine which microbial metabolites were consistently detectable, and whether their presence could be used as a reliable index of infection. Chromosorb 101 was found to be the most suitable porous polymer for the detection of microbial metabolites; greater sensitivity of detection was achieved by partial purification of the urine before injection. Acetic acid was the only compound found consistently and it enabled 10(6) microorganisms per ml to be detected in urine. However, as urinary tract infection is diagnosed by the presence of 10(5) organisms or more per ml, our method is insufficiently sensitive for the detection of bacteriuria. Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella spp, Proteus spp, Stapyhlococcus albus, and Streptocococcus faecalis were detectable by our method but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were not.
Expiratory Valve Dysfunction in a Semiclosed Circle Anesthesia Circuit???Verification by Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Waveform (1984)

Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. Address correspondence to Dr. Pyles, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Box J-254, JHMHC, Gainesville, FL 32610. Accepted for publication January 24, 1984.
Photo-induced alignment behaviour of polymerisable liquid crystals on bisazide in a polymer matrix (2016)

Photo-reactive bisazide in a polymer matrix containing acryloyl groups on the side chain was investigated as a photoalignment layer for polymerizable liquid crystals (PLC). We found the thin film of bisazide (2,6-bis(4-azidobenzylidene)-4-methyl-1-cyclohexanone) in a polymer matrix, irradiated by linearly polarised ultraviolet light (LPUVL), was able to homogeneously align PLC. The LPUVL irradiation dose changed the orientation direction of the PLC on the thin film of bisazide in the polymer matrix. In addition, the direction of the slow axis for the retardation of the photoalignment layer changed from parallel to perpendicular to the LPUVL electric field with the irradiation dose. From these results, it was suggested that the PLC was likely to be aligned along the slow axis of the retardation of the photoalignment layer. We concluded that the key mechanism that changed the direction of the slow axis in a plane was the photoreaction of azide–acrylate at low irradiation dose and that of bis(benzylidene)cyclohexanone at high irradiation dose. Although the photoalignment as a result of a simple photo cross-linking was previously little known except for photo-dimerisation, we revealed that the photoaddition of azide–acrylate is able to achieve the photoalignment.
A robust descriptor based on Weber’s Law (2008)

Inspired by Weber’s Law, this paper proposes a simple, yet very powerful and robust local descriptor, Weber Local Descriptor (WLD). It is based on the fact that human perception of a pattern depends on not only the change of a stimulus (such as sound, lighting, et al.) but also the original intensity of the stimulus. Specifically, WLD consists of two components: its differential excitation and orientation. A differential excitation is a function of the ratio between two terms: One is the relative intensity differences of its neighbors against a current pixel; the other is the intensity of the current pixel. An orientation is the gradient orientation of the current pixel. For a given image, we use the differential excitation and the orientation components to construct a concatenated WLD histogram feature. Experimental results on Brodatz textures show that WLD impressively outperforms the other classical descriptors (e.g., Gabor). Especially, experimental results on face detection show a promising performance. Although we train only one classifier based on WLD features, the classifier obtains a comparable performance to state-of-the-art methods on MIT+CMU frontal face test set, AR face dataset and CMU profile test set.
[Effectiveness of topiramate in eleven patients with Dravet syndrome]. (2010)

Dravet syndrome is a rare, but highly refractory epilepsy syndrome. As conventional drugs are not effective, introduction of new effective drugs in clinical use will benefit patients with this disease. We assessed the effectiveness of topiramate (TPM) as adjunctive therapy in 11 patients with Dravet syndrome. TPM was started at doses ranging from 10 to 50 mg/day (0.57 to 2.0 mg/kg/day), and the dosage was increased gradually up to the maximum dose (9 mg/kg/day) depending on efficacy and tolerability. The frequencies of convulsive seizures (generalized tonic-clonic seizures, unilateral seizures, partial onset generalized tonic-clonic seizures) during two months before starting TPM, two months after starting TPM, and the fifth and sixth months after starting TPM were determined. The mean dose (mean +/- SD) of TPM at the second month was 2.7 +/- 1.5 mg/kg/day (1.0-5.7 mg/kg/day, n= 11), and that at the sixth month was 4.5 +/- 2.2 mg/kg/day (1.0-7.3 mg/kg/day, n=10). Evaluation at the second month revealed that one of 11 patients (9%) became seizure-free, six patients (54%) showed greater than 50% seizure reduction, three patients (27%) showed less than 50% seizure reduction, and one patient (9%) had aggravation of convulsive seizures resulting in discontinuation of TPM at the first month. Evaluation at the sixth month revealed that one of 10 patients (10%) was seizure-free, seven patients (70%) had greater than 50% seizure reduction, two patients (20%) had less than 50% seizure reduction, and no patient (0%) had aggravation. Adverse effects were observed in five patients; dizziness in three patients, sleepiness in three patients, and oligohidrosis in one patient. In the present study, TPM was useful as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the frequency of convulsive seizures in patients with Dravet syndrome. A large-scale efficacy study of TPM for Dravet syndrome is warranted.
Diode Phase-Discriminators (1949)

Two sinusoidal phase-discriminators are analyzed and it is found that universal curves of their general phase characteristics can be plotted as a function of two parameters. From these curves it is concluded that the resistances in series with the tubes and also the tube resistances themselves are the most important factors in determining optimum performance.
Dual Metal-Gate Planar Field-Effect Transistor for Electrostatically Doped CMOS Design (2014)

In this paper, we demonstrate by simulation the general usability of an electrostatically doped and electrically reconfigurable planar field-effect transistor (FET) structure. The device concept is partly based on our already published and fabricated silicon nanowire 3D-FET technology. The technological key features of this general purpose FET contain Schottky S/D junctions on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate additionally enabling high-temperature operation of the proposed device. The transistors charge carrier type, i.e. n- or ptype FET, is electrically switchable on the fly by applying a control-gate voltage, which significantly increases the flexibility and versatility in digital integrated circuits.
Phase Shifting of Circadian Rhythms and Depression of Neuronal Activity in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus by Neuropeptide Y: Mediation by Different Receptor Subtypes (1998)

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the phase shifting of circadian rhythms in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Using long-term, multiple-neuron recordings, we examined the direct effects and phase-shifting properties of NPY application in rat SCN slices in vitro (n = 453). Application of NPY and peptide YY to SCN slices at circadian time (CT) 7.5-8.5 produced concentration-dependent, reversible inhibition of cell firing and a subsequent significant phase advance. Several lines of evidence indicated that these two effects of NPY were mediated by different receptors. NPY-induced inhibition and phase shifting had different concentration-response relationships and very different phase-response relationships. NPY-induced phase advances, but not inhibition, were blocked by the GABAA antagonist bicuculline, suggesting that NPY-mediated modulation of GABA may be an underlying mechanism whereby NPY phase shifts the circadian clock. Application of the Y2 receptor agonists NPY 13-36 and (Cys2,8-aminooctanoic acid5,24,D-Cys27)-NPY advanced the peak of the circadian rhythm but did not inhibit cell firing. The Y1 and Y5 agonist [Leu31,Pro34]-NPY evoked a substantial inhibition of discharge but did not generate a phase shift. NPY-induced inhibition was not blocked by the specific Y1 antagonist BIBP-3226; the antagonist also had no effect on the timing of the peak of the circadian rhythm. Application of the Y5 agonist [D-Trp32]-NPY produced only direct neuronal inhibition. These are the first data to indicate that at least two functional populations of NPY receptors exist in the SCN, distinguishable on the basis of pharmacology, each mediating a different physiological response to NPY application.
Modeling of an ultrasonic auto-controlled frequency generator in VHDL-AMS language (2008)

In this paper, we present the structure of digital generator feedback which is controlled for the optimal excitation of ultrasonic high efficiency narrow band transducers. In the first phase, simulations allow various excitation signal forms to be compared in terms of efficiency. A burst of sine waves has been selected because there is no excitation of the transducer's harmonic and anharmonic resonances. In order to exploit this type of excitation without knowing the central frequency of the transducer, we propose that the generator's architecture includes an automatic search of the antiresonance frequency of a piezoelectric ceramic. Our strategy is based on studying the electric voltage at the transducer's output, and the iterative algorithm we have developed looks for the maximum value of this voltage which is validated by a modeling in VHDL-AMS language (IEEE standard 1073–1993), including the transducer. We present the results of modeling in terms of the time setting and the frequential precision obtained with two different piezoelectric ceramics.
Blood flow from and oxygen uptake by muscle, during and after partial venous occlusion (1962)

In dog gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle in situ, effects of partial venous occlusion and its release were compared to effects of arterial occlusion and release. During partial venous occlusion, blood flow decreases, arteriovenous oxygen difference is constant, and oxygen consumption is, therefore, reduced proportionately to blood flow. On release of partial venous occlusion, unlike release of arterial occlusion in which both blood flow debt and oxygen debt are repaid, there is little or no repayment of blood flow debt, arteriovenous oxygen difference remains constant, and there is, therefore, little or no repayment of oxygen debt. These effects of partial venous occlusion are reminiscent of those reported to occur during and after release of passive stretch of circulated muscle, and it is proposed that the stretch effect is secondary to venular occlusion. The observations are consistent with the hypothesis that, within limits, muscle oxygen consumption is dependent on or limited by blood flow.
Surface Vibration Induced Spatial Ordering of Periodic Polymer Patterns on a Substrate (2008)

We demonstrate the possibility of producing regular, long-range, spatially ordered polymer patterns without requiring the use of physical or chemical templating through the interfacial destabilization of a thin polymer film driven by surface acoustic waves (SAWs). The periodicity and spot size of the pattern are observed to be dependent on a single parameter, that is, the SAW frequency (or wavelength), therefore offering a rapid, simple, yet novel method for self-organized regular spatial polymer pattern formation that is far more tunable than conventional polymer patterning procedures.
Priority calls (1996)

A new triage system for the emergency ambulance service is to be welcomed, say Brian Dolan and Rob Crouch
Structural features of lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Determination of molecular mass by laser desorption mass spectrometry (1993)

It was recently shown that mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (LAM) can be classified into two types (Chatterjee, D., Lowell, K., Rivoire B., McNeil M. R., and Brennan, P. J. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6234-6239) according to the presence or absence of mannosyl residues (Manp) located at the nonreducing end of the oligoarabinosyl side chains. These two types of LAM were found in a pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain and in an avirulent M. tuberculosis strain, respectively, suggesting that LAM with Manp characterizes virulent and "disease-inducing strains." We now report the structure of the LAM from Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strain Pasteur, largely used throughout the world as vaccine against tuberculosis. Using an up-to-date analytical approach, we found that the LAM of M. bovis BCG belongs to the class of LAMs capped with Manp. By means of two-dimensional homonuclear and heteronuclear scalar coupling NMR analysis and methylation data, the sugar spin system assignments were partially established, revealing that the LAM contained two types of terminal Manp and 2-O-linked Manp. From the following four-step process: (i) partial hydrolysis of deacylated LAM (dLAM), (ii) oligosaccharide derivatization with aminobenzoic ethyl ester, (iii) HPLC purification, (iv) FAB/MS-MS analysis; it was shown that the dimannosyl unit alpha-D-Manp-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Manp is the major residue capping the termini of the arabinan of the LAM. In this report, LAM molecular mass determination was established using matrix-assisted UV-laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry which reveals that the LAM molecular mass is around 17.4 kDa. The similarity of the LAM structures between M. bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis H37Rv is discussed in regard to their function in the immunopathology of mycobacterial infection.
Bouncing mode electrostatically actuated scanning micromirror for video applications (2005)

We present a design and operation concept of a scanning device based on an electrostatic torsional micromirror that is aimed to fulfil the requirements of motion linearity, high operational frequency and low actuation voltages imposed by laser display applications. The operational mode incorporates a contact event between the mirror and an elastic constraint followed by a bouncing and an inversion of motion. A triangular response signal is obtained by the application of an actuation voltage which is piecewise constant in time. The tuning of the resonant frequency through the control of the applied voltage permits the synchronization of the response of the microfabricated device with a video signal.
Malolactic Fermentation in Wine with<i>Lactobacillus casei</i>Cells Immobilized on Delignified Cellulosic Material (2005)

In this work Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 cells immobilized on delignified cellulosic material (DCM) were used for malolactic fermentation (MLF) of wine. Wine was produced using yeast cells immobilized on DCM at 20 degrees C, and after alcoholic fermentation, MLF at 27 degrees C followed using immobilized L. casei ATCC 393 cells. A total of 11 repeated alcoholic and subsequent MLF batches were performed within a period of 1 month. As the repeated MLF batches proceeded, the MLF activity of the immobilized biocatalyst was reduced. Malic acid degradation was reduced from 80 to 2%, pH was reduced by 0.5-0.1 unit, acetic acid concentrations were slightly reduced or remained stable (0.002 g/L), the higher alcohols 1-propanol, isobutyl alcohol, and amyl alcohol were decreased by 84, 23, and 11%, respectively, and ethyl acetate concentration was increased by approximately 56%. Wine samples were analyzed by GC-MS before and after MLF, revealing some qualitative differences.
One-Dimensional Transient Fluid Model for Fuel/Coolant Interaction Analysis (1989)

A fuel/coolant interaction (FCI) is a phenomenon that may occur during a light water reactor severe accident when molten fuel comes into contact with residual water in-vessel or in the reactor containment. A new one-dimensional multifluid transient model, which currently has the capability of examining nonexplosive FCI behavior, is described. A unique dynamic fuel fragmentation model based on relative velocities was incorporated into this model along with other constitutive relations. The model was compared to the limited FCI data on mixing and nonexplosive FCI events and shows relatively good agreement. In addition, a set of FCI parametric calculations for in-vessel fuel-coolant mixing was performed to gain insight into the important variable affecting mixing (i.e., pressure, water depth, multiple jets) and the initial conditions for the explosion.
Labeled LDA (2009)

A significant portion of the world's text is tagged by readers on social bookmarking websites. Credit attribution is an inherent problem in these corpora because most pages have multiple tags, but the tags do not always apply with equal specificity across the whole document. Solving the credit attribution problem requires associating each word in a document with the most appropriate tags and vice versa. This paper introduces Labeled LDA, a topic model that constrains Latent Dirichlet Allocation by defining a one-to-one correspondence between LDA's latent topics and user tags. This allows Labeled LDA to directly learn word-tag correspondences. We demonstrate Labeled LDA's improved expressiveness over traditional LDA with visualizations of a corpus of tagged web pages from del.icio.us. Labeled LDA outperforms SVMs by more than 3 to 1 when extracting tag-specific document snippets. As a multi-label text classifier, our model is competitive with a discriminative baseline on a variety of datasets.