gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Solvent Extraction Efficiency –Chemical Analysis of the Oil Extracted from Apple Seeds (2014)

Oils and fats are substances that are important nutritionally and have important role and impact on human health. Energy consumption and preservation in respect of food industry and the increase in the world population and search for new sources of oils and fats to full fill the need of the society particulary the nutritional requirements have introduced this research topic. Therefore aim of this work is to underestand the extraction efficiency of the solvents and to evaluate the extracted oil. Hexan and AW406 were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency at 60, 80 and 100°C for a period of 30 minutes using Soxhlet apparatus as a mean to extract the oil.The extracted oil was subjected to a series of chemical analysis consisting of fatty acid composition, phospholipid concentration, percent nonsaponifiable matter, Induction period measurement, sterol and tocopherol composition and analysis.The result indicated that the solvent AW406 behavior depends on the temperature of extraction and longer period of extraction is required when AW406 is compared to n-hexane.Chemical analysis of the extracted oil indicated that linoleic and oleic acids were the predominant fatty acids present and β-sitosterol and α-tocopherol constituted the majority of the respective fractions. Due to the fact that extracted oil from apple seeds had approximately 89% of their fatty acid in the unsaturated form, mainly linoleic acid followed by oleic acid, the oil might be employed in food and pharmaceutical products.
A New Approach for Capitalizing on Continuous Downhole Pressure Data (2005)

Abstract Intelligent completions typically include permanent downhole gauges (PDG's) for continuous, real-time pressure and temperature monitoring. If adequately applied, such new technologies should allow anticipation of oil production and increase of final recovery with respect to traditional completions. In fact, pressure data collected from PDG's represent an essential information for understanding the dynamic behavior of the field and for reservoir surveillance. The potential drawback is that the number of data collected by PDG's can grow enormously, making it very difficult, if not impossible, to handle the entire pressure history as it was recorded. As a consequence it might often be necessary to reduce the pressure measurements to a manageable size, though without losing any potential information contained in the recorded data. As extensively reported in the literature, long-term data might be subject to different kinds of errors and noise, and not be representative of the real system response. Before the data can be used for interpretation purposes, especially if pressure derivatives are to be calculated (for instance, in well test analysis), an adequate filtering process should be applied. Multi-step procedures based on the wavelet analysis were presented in the literature for processing and interpreting longterm pressure data from PDG's. In this paper an improved approach largely based on the wavelet algorithms is proposed and discussed for the treatment of pressure data. All the steps of the procedure, namely outliers removal, denoising, transient identification, and data reduction were applied both to synthetic and real pressure recordings. Results indicated that the application of the proposed approach allows identification of the actual reservoir response and subsequent interpretation of pressure data for an effective characterization of the reservoir behavior even from very disturbed signals.
Internet Firewalls in the DECOS System-on-a-Chip Architecture (2007)

A big part of requests in today's Internet are malicious connection attempts aimed at compromising hosts in order to gain illegal access. Intrusion tools perform automatic scans to seek out promising targets, probe for vulnerabilities, and even mount autonomous attacks. Outgoing from this scenario, this paper discusses approaches to govern access to a network of System-on-a-Chip (SoC) components that provides an Ethernet interface to the Internet for maintenance purposes. Security measures are needed to protect the SoC from unauthorized access to internal information such as diagnostic interfaces or bus communication. Since the SoC should be realized as a compact embedded system, the implementation of security mechanisms has to fit the available processing and memory resources. In order to be able to cope with changing security requirements and different deployment environments a multi-level security architecture is proposed. The architecture partitions the system into intrusion containment regions and provides corresponding access privileges. As part of the architecture, the implementation of an Internet Firewall providing low level authentication to a network of SoC s is shown.
Aligned Fibrous Scaffolds for Enhanced Mechanoresponse and Tenogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (2013)

Topographical cell guidance has been utilized as a tissue-engineering technique to produce aligned cellular orientation in the regeneration of tendon- and ligament-like tissues. Other studies have investigated the effects of dynamic culture to achieve the same end. These works have, however, been limited to two-dimensional cultures, with focus given to the effects from the stimuli independently. The understanding of their combined effects in the tenogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has also been lacking. This study investigated the synergistic effects of mechanical stimulation on aligned MSCs in a three-dimensional (3D) aligned silk fibroin (SF) hybrid scaffold. Enhanced tenogenesis of seeded MSCs was observed in the scaffold group with aligned SF electrospun fibers (AL) under static culture conditions, as evidenced by the upregulation in expression and production of tendon/ligament-related proteins. The intensity and onset of these differentiative markers were increased and advanced, respectively, under dynamic culture conditions, indicative of an accelerated matrix deposition and remodeling process. Consequently, the tensile properties of dynamically cultured AL were significantly improved. We thus propose that the aligned hybrid SF scaffold facilitates mechanoactivity and tenogenic differentiation of MSCs by intensifying the positive effects of mechanical stimulation in a 3D environment.
Diagnosis and treatment of depression in the cancer patient. (1984)

Increased survival rates resulting from advances in the treatment of cancer have led to an increased interest in patients' emotional reactions and adaptations to the illness. Depressive symptoms associated with cancer range from normal sadness through acute stress response to major depression. Chemotherapeutic agents can produce depressive and other neurotoxic side effects. Diagnosis of common emotional reactions to cancer illness and appropriate management are described. Such treatment can enhance the patient's ability to adapt to the disease and tolerate its treatments.
Micro Seismic Electret Generator for Energy Harvesting (2006)

Evaluation of a micro electret generator for energy harvesting applications is presented. MEMS-friendly perfluoropolymer, CYTOP is adopted as high-performance electret material. In power generation experiments using a prototype seismic generator, maximum power output of 0.278 mW has been obtained with 1.2 mm p-p in-plane oscillation at 20 Hz. Electrostatic force is calculated using one-dimensional electrostatic field model. It is found that the electrostatic force in the in-plane direction is almost constant irrespective to the direction of motion. When two separate generators with a 180 ˚ phase difference are inte-grated on a single chip, the horizontal force becomes smaller by two orders of magnitude, but exhibits different trends from velocity-damped or coulomb-damped resonant generators.
Diaryliodonium Salts. XIII. Salts in which the Cations Bear Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Alkoxyl or Amino Groups<sup>1,2</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiaryliodonium Salts. XIII. Salts in which the Cations Bear Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Alkoxyl or Amino Groups1,2F. Marshall Beringer and Irving LillienCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 3, 725–731Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01488a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01488a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views566Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Demonstration of Far-end 160-Gb/s Waveform Measurement after 508-km Transmission in Field Trial without Traditional Clock Recovery (2006)

We successfully measured a far-end 160-Gb/s waveform after transmission over a 508-km distance using a new advanced envelope-detection circuit for an Optical Sampling Oscilloscope (OSO). Although the transmitted 160-Gb/s multiplexed signal contained wander, the eye diagram of each channel was clearly observed. This paper describes the principle of the new method and demonstrates the results of far-end waveform measurement in a field trial using the JAPAN GIGABIT NETWORK 2 (JGN2).
Ultralow Interfacial Tension for Enhanced Oil Recovery at Very Low Surfactant Concentrations (2005)

The interfacial tension (IFT) between alkanes and several individual surfactants and their mixtures has been investigated, using three kinds of alkyl hydrocarbons: decane, dodecane, and tetradecane. For individual and mixed surfactant systems, critical micelle concentrations and areas per molecule at the hydrocarbon-aqueous solution interface were calculated; for the mixed surfactant systems, betasigma(LL), the molecular interaction parameter at the hydrocarbon-aqueous solution interface, and beta(M), the molecular interaction parameter in mixed micelle formation, were calculated. It was found that IFT in the 10(-3) mN/m (ultralow) range can be obtained at surfactant concentrations below 0.05 wt % and even at concentrations below 0.01 wt %, when mixtures of certain surfactants are used at the proper ratio. Surfactants with branched-chain alkyl groups show a much better IFT reduction effectiveness than those with straight-chain alkyl groups. Contrary to what has been observed at the air-aqueous solution surface, mixtures of two homologues with two hydrophobic groups show significant molecular interactions, with both betasigma(LL) and beta(M) having negative values in the 4-5 range in some cases, with the betasigma(LL) value more negative than beta(M). The relationship between micellar shape and ultralow IFT was investigated by calculating the critical packing parameter of the surfactants. It was found that ultralow IFT between the surfactant mixtures and the three hydrocarbons investigated could reach ultralow (<10(-2) mN/m) values when the critical packing parameter is very close to 1.
Multiple criteria optimization with variability considerations in injection molding (2007)

Abstract Injection molding (IM) is the most important process for mass‐producing of plastic products. The difficulty of optimizing an IM process is that the performance measures (PMs) usually show conflicting behavior. The aim of this work is to demonstrate a method utilizing CAE, statistical testing, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and data envelopment analysis (DEA) to find the best compromises between multiple PMs, considering the variability in these PMs in an explicit manner. Two case studies are presented. The first case study, based on a virtual part, is discussed in detail in order to illustrate this method. The second case study is experimentally based and makes use of the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) mold to illustrate how this approach applies when purely experimental results are available. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:400–409, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Using mobile agents for network resource discovery in peer-to-peer networks (2001)

Peer-to-Peer networks continue to grow in popularity. However network resource discovery still remains a substantial problem within them. In this paper we will cover some of the more popular current solutions to this problem. We will then propose a mobile agent based solution to allow for dynamic network resource discovery.
Lesion-induced increase in nerve growth factor mRNA is mediated by c-fos. (1990)

Lesion of the sciatic nerve caused a rapid increase in c-fos and c-jun mRNA that was followed about 2 hr later by an increase in nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA. To evaluate whether the initial increase in c-fos mRNA is causally related to the subsequent increase in NGF mRNA, we performed experiments with fibroblasts of transgenic mice carrying an exogenous c-fos gene under the control of a metallothionein promoter. In primary cultures of these fibroblasts, CdCl2 evoked a rapid increase in exogenous c-fos mRNA, followed immediately by an increase in endogenous c-jun mRNA and with a slight delay by an increase in NGF mRNA. In fibroblasts of C3H control mice, CdCl2 had no effect on the mRNA levels of the protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun or of NGF. Additional evidence for a causal relationship between c-fos induction and the subsequent increase in NGF mRNA was obtained in cotransfection experiments. Fibroblasts of C3H control mice were cotransfected with a metallothionein-promoter-driven c-fos expression vector and a NGF promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene construct. Induction of the exogenous c-fos by CdCl2 resulted in increased activity of the NGF promoter. DNase I footprint experiments demonstrated that a binding site for transcription factor AP-1 (Fos/Jun heterodimer) in the first intron of the NGF gene was protected following c-fos induction. That this protected AP-1 site indeed was functional in the regulation of NGF expression was verified by deletion experiments and by a point mutation in the corresponding AP-1 binding region in the NGF promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter construct.
Elevated Plasma Levels of P‐Selectin (GMP‐140/CD62P) in Patients with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Malaria (1994)

The plasma concentration of soluble P-selectin (GMP-140/CD62P/PADGEM), a selectin produced by activated platelets and endothelial cells, was quantitated in a group of adults and East African negro children presenting with either non-severe or severe (cerebral) malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Sixty percent of adults with non-severe malaria had immunoreactive levels of P-selectin above 200 ng/ml (the maximum recorded for any normal healthy adult in the assay) and 86% of all African children with malaria had concentrations above normal irrespective of their clinical categorization, and most exceeded the maximum limits of the assay (> 640 ng/ml). There was no correlation between P-selectin levels and parasitemia. These results raise the possibility that elevated soluble P-selectin in malaria may have an important beneficial anti-inflammatory function.
Reliable information retrieval evaluation with incomplete and biased judgements (2007)

Information retrieval evaluation based on the pooling method is inherently biased against systems that did not contribute to the pool of judged documents. This may distort the results obtained about the relative quality of the systems evaluated and thus lead to incorrect conclusions about the performance of a particular ranking technique.
Dynamic Privacy in a Smart House Environment (2007)

A smart house can be regarded as a surveillance environment in which the person being observed carries out activities that range from intimate to more public. What can be observed depends on the activity, the person observing (e.g. a carer) and policy. In assisted living smart house environments, a single privacy policy, applied throughout, would be either too invasive for an occupant, or too restrictive for an observer, due to the conflicting goals of surveillance and private environments. Hence, we propose a dynamic method for altering the level of privacy in the environment based on the context, the situation within the environment, encompassing factors relevant to ensuring the occupant's safety and privacy. The context is mapped to an appropriate level of privacy, which is implemented by controlling access to data sources (e.g. video) using data hiding techniques. The aim of this work is to decrease the invasiveness of the technology, while retaining the purpose of the system.
Detect Rumors Using Time Series of Social Context Information on Microblogging Websites (2015)

Automatically identifying rumors from online social media especially microblogging websites is an important research issue. Most of existing work for rumor detection focuses on modeling features related to microblog contents, users and propagation patterns, but ignore the importance of the variation of these social context features during the message propagation over time. In this study, we propose a novel approach to capture the temporal characteristics of these features based on the time series of rumor's lifecycle, for which time series modeling technique is applied to incorporate various social context information. Our experiments using the events in two microblog datasets confirm that the method outperforms state-of-the-art rumor detection approaches by large margins. Moreover, our model demonstrates strong performance on detecting rumors at early stage after their initial broadcast.
Substrate specificity of squalene synthetase. (1980)

22 artificial homologues of farnesyl pyrophosphate were examined for the reactivity as substrate for squalene synthetase of pig liver microsomes. 16 of the homologues were found to be reactive to give corresponding squalene-like products. Extention of the omega-terminal of the carbon chain of farnesyl pyrophosphate is acceptable to the enzyme at least by two carbon atoms in either trans or cis direction (2E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyldodeca-2,6-dienyl- and (2E,6E)-3,7-dimethyldodeca-2,6-dienyl pyrophosphates are both good substrates, whereas (2E,6E)-3,7-dimethylundeca-2,6-dienyl-, (2E,6E)-3,7-dimethyl-trideca-2,6-dienyl-, (2E,6E)-3,7-dimethyltetradeca-2,6-dienyl-, (2E,6E)-3,7,10-trimethylundeca-2,6-dienyl-, and (2E,6E)-3,7,12-trimethyltrideca-2,6-dienyl pyrophosphates are poor substrates. These results indicate that the carbon chain length rather than 10,11-double bond is important for the reactivity as substrate. Replacement of 3-methyl of farnesyl pyrophosphate by an ethyl group or introduction of a methyl group at C-4 results in a complete loss of activity.
A New Wind Turbine Control Method to Smooth Power Generation. Modelling and Comparison to Wind Turbine Frequency Control. (2012)

Following the significant increase of world wide installed wind power during the first decade of\nthe 21st century, transmission system operators are faced with new challenges originating from\nthe intermittent character of renewable energy sources and their installation on low and medium\nvoltage levels. One challenge arising from the fluctuating nature of wind is to maintain frequency\nstability. This thesis presents a new approach to smooth the power generation of wind turbines\nsubjected to varying wind. An active power feedback control has been developed which feeds\nback the momentary power generation to the turbine pitch and speed control systems. This power\nfeedback control has been implemented in the simulation software SIMPOW and the results have\nbeen compared to a frequency control regulator for wind turbines. The frequency control was\ndeveloped by the Power System Analysis Group at A° F Industry as a part of the Swedish research\ninitiative Elforsk.\nSimulation results show that the power feedback control clearly levels the active power production\nof wind turbines under varying wind and thereby diminishes network frequency excursions.\nTo achieve this, turbine deloading through a pitch angle offset is found to be imperative. The\neffect of different deloading levels of a turbine are evaluated, clearly demonstrating the correlation\nbetween larger deloading, enhanced frequency stability and declining energy yield. Up to wind\npower shares of approximately 25 %, the performance of the power feedback control is on a par\nwith the frequency control, i.e., frequency excursions are equally subdued. Above this level of\ninstalled wind power, the frequency control is superior. Usage of the wind turbine power feedback\ncontrol is discouraged because of its poorer performance, its unintuitive function and the difficulty\nto predict its behaviour. Lastly, the frequency control is applied to a much simplified black start\ncase, showing the expediency of the control method to improve frequency stability, but also the\nextended requirement on a large turbine deloading when there are no synchronously generating\nunits in the network.
Expression of biologically active human butyrylcholinesterase in the cabbage looper (<i>Trichoplusia ni</i>) (2000)

This investigation examined the utility of three recombinant protein-expression systems (COS cells, insect cells and insect larvae) to cost-effectively produce biologically active human butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). It was determined that baculovirus-infected insect cells (Sf9 and High 5) expressed 3.5- and 8.2-fold, respectively, more active enzyme than COS-7 cells. Baculovirus-infected cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) insect larvae produced over 26 times more than High 5 cells; in fact, one baculovirus-infected insect larva provided more active protein than 100 ml of insect cell culture. Analysis of the larvally expressed proteins revealed that the vast majority of BuChE expressed was inactive due to extensive degradation that occurred in vivo. However, the active form of BuChE does have enzyme kinetics similar to those of its human serum counterpart. Cabbage looper larvae were also examined for their ability to serve as an in vivo animal model to study protection against anti-cholinesterase toxicity. This was unsuccessful due to their high tolerance to the very toxic organophosphorus compounds tested. This tolerance may be attributed at least in part to a novel endogenous organophosphorus acid anhydride hydrolase activity that is capable of hydrolysing the chemical-warfare nerve agents sarin (isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate) and soman (pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate). These results show that cabbage looper larvae can serve as an inexpensive recombinant protein-expression system for human BuChE.