gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeted Oncolytic Virotherapy Using Newcastle Disease Virus Against Prostate Cancer (2012)

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men in the United States. Currently, androgen depletion is an essential strategy for CaP combined with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Hormone independent cancer stem cells escaping conventional therapy present a major therapeutic challenge. The available treatment regimens for hormone resistant CaP are only palliative and marginally increase survival. Therefore, novel strategies to eradicate CaP including stem cells are imperative. Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a novel approach that overcomes the limitations posed by radiation and chemotherapy. Oncolytic virotherapy of cancer is based on the use of replication competent, tumor selective viruses with limited toxicity. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is a safe and promising OV successfully used in many clinical trials. NDV is inherently tumor selective and cytotoxic but replication restricted in normal cells. But, systemically delivered NDV fails to reach solid tumors in therapeutic concentrations and also spreads poorly within the tumors due to barriers including complement, innate immunity and extracellular matrix. Overcoming these hurdles is paramount to realize the exceptional oncolytic efficacy of NDV. Therefore, we engineered the fusion (F) glycoprotein of NDV and generated a recombinant NDV (rNDV) cleavable exclusively by prostate specific antigen (PSA). The rNDV replicated efficiently and specifically only in prostate cancer (CaP) cells but failed to replicate in the absence of PSA. Further, PSA-cleavable rNDV caused specific lysis of androgen independent and dependent/responsive CaP cells with a mean effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 0.01 to 0.1 multiplicity of infection (MOI). PSA retargeted rNDV efficiently lysed three-dimensional prostaspheres, suggesting efficacy in vivo. Also, PSA-cleavable NDV failed to replicate in chicken embryos, indicating absence of pathogenicity to its natural host, chickens. Prostaspheres generated from DU-145 CaP cell line derived xenografts showed self-renewal, proliferative and clonogenic potential in vitro, and exhibited increased tumorigenicity in vivo. Embryonic stem and progenitor cell markers like Nanog, Nestin and CD44 were overexpressed in spheres as compared to the cell line suggesting prostaspheres comprise tumor-initiating cells from CaP. Xenograft and cell line derived prostaspheres were permissive for rNDV replication, when the fusion protein was activated by exogenous PSA. The EC50 against tumor initiating cells was 0.11-0.14 MOI, suggesting an excellent therapeutic margin for in vivo studies. PSA retargeting is likely to enhance the therapeutic index of rNDV owing to tumor restricted replication and enhanced fusogenicity. Our results suggest PSA retargeted rNDV selectively replicates and lyse PSA producing CaP cells including tumor-initiating cells and is a promising candidate for immediate Phase I/II clinical trials.
Microwave Mass Flow Detector for Particulate Solids Based on Spatial Filtering Velocimetry (2008)

A novel mass flow detector has been developed using an open cylindrical resonator based on two microstrip patch couplers. The directivity of the couplers provides a compact sensor design without loss of sensitivity. The design of a particulate mass flow detector and the algorithm to detect the average solids concentration is shown. Spatial filtering velocimetry is applied to a microstrip patch sensor in order to detect the average particulate velocity. The simultaneous detection of the velocity and the solids/air concentration from a single measurement, ensure a true mass flow detector. Subsequently, free fall measurements as well as measurements in a self contained material flow measuring system were carried out in order to prove the concept.
Adiponectin: from obesity to cardiovascular disease (2009)

Adiponectin is an adipokine whose biosynthesis is deranged in obesity and diabetes mellitus, predisposing to atherosclerosis. Evidence suggests that adiponectin has anti-atherogenic properties by improving endothelial function and having anti-inflammatory effects in the vascular wall. In addition, adiponectin modifies vascular intracellular redox signalling and exerts indirect antioxidant effects on human myocardium. However, its clinical role in cardiovascular disease is obscure. Adiponectin's positive prognostic value in coronary artery disease had been widely supported over the last years, but this view has been questioned recently. High adiponectin levels are paradoxically associated with poorer prognosis in heart failure syndrome. These controversial findings seem surprising as adiponectin has been viewed overall as an anti-atherogenic molecule. Therefore, any certain conclusion about adiponectin's role in cardiovascular disease seems premature. Despite the rapidly accumulating literature on this adipokine, it is still unclear whether adiponectin is a key mediator or a bystander in cardiovascular disease. It is still uncertain whether adiponectin levels have any clinical significance for risk stratification in cardiovascular disease or they just reflect the activation of complex and opposing underlying mechanisms. Circulating adiponectin levels should be interpreted with caution, as they may have completely different prognostic value, depending on the underlying disease state.
Swelling of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-poly(oxytetramethylene)dimethacrylate)s (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSwelling of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-poly(oxytetramethylene)dimethacrylate)sTakakazu Kojima, Mari Sakauchi, Kenichi Yamauchi, and Yoshikiyo UrataCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 23, 4990–4993Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00225a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (450 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
N7 logic via patterning using templated DSA: implementation aspects (2015)

In recent years, major advancements have been made in the directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCP). Insertion of DSA for IC fabrication is seriously considered for the 7 nm node. At this node the DSA technology could alleviate costs for multiple patterning and limit the number of masks that would be required per layer. At imec, multiple approaches for inserting DSA into the 7 nm node are considered. One of the most straightforward approaches for implementation would be for via patterning through templated DSA; a grapho-epitaxy flow using cylindrical phase BCP material resulting in contact hole multiplication within a litho-defined pre-pattern. To be implemented for 7 nm node via patterning, not only the appropriate process flow needs to be available, but also DSA-aware mask decomposition is required. In this paper, several aspects of the imec approach for implementing templated DSA will be discussed, including experimental demonstration of density effect mitigation, DSA hole pattern transfer and double DSA patterning, creation of a compact DSA model. Using an actual 7 nm node logic layout, we derive DSA-friendly design rules in a logical way from a lithographer’s view point. A concrete assessment is provided on how DSA-friendly design could potentially reduce the number of Via masks for a place-and-routed N7 logic pattern.
Plasmonic Enhanced Light Absorption of Solar Cells with Metal Nanoparticles (2011)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. Liu, D. Qu, Q. Xu, W. Xie, and Y. Huang, "Plasmonic Enhanced Light Absorption of Solar Cells with Metal Nanoparticles," in Renewable Energy and the Environment, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2011), paper JWE11. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Scottish Rite abduction orthosis for the treatment of Legg-Perthes disease. A radiographic analysis. (1992)

We evaluated a consecutive series of thirty-four patients who had had Legg-Perthes disease to determine the results of treatment with the Scottish Rite weight-bearing abduction orthosis. All patients had been older than six years at the time of the onset of the symptoms, had been in the fragmentation phase of the disease when they were first seen, and had had Catterall group-III or IV involvement. Although comparison of this series with those reported previously is difficult due to the variability of the presentation of data in the literature, this orthosis does not appear to offer an advantage compared with other methods of management, or with no treatment, for patients such as those whom we studied.
Pull-in time dynamics as a measure of absolute pressure (2002)

The squeezed-film damping component of the pull-in time of an electrostatically-actuated micromechanical fixed-fixed beam is shown to be a sensitive, and nearly linear function of ambient air pressure in the measured range of 0.1 mbar to 1013 mbar (1 atm or 760 Torr). Pull-in time simulations, based on a one-dimensional macromodel using a damping constant proportional to pressure, are in good agreement with measured data. The data and simulations show that pull-in type devices will make excellent microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors for broad-range absolute pressure measurements and for in situ leak monitoring of hermetically scaled packages containing other sensors or IC's. The pull-in sensors are compatible with any MEMS fabrication processes that allow out-of-plane electrostatic actuation, including surface micromachining and silicon wafer-bonding, and they do not require a cavity sealed at vacuum or at a reference air pressure.
Preparation of Epitaxial YBCO Films by a Novel Excimer-Laser-Assisted MOD (2007)

Epitaxial (YBCO) films were prepared on cerium oxide-buffered (40 nm)-cut single-crystal sapphire substrates by a novel excimer-laser-assisted metalorganic deposition (ELAMOD). Laser irradiation after application of a fluorine-free ingredient solution onto the substrates revealed to have the advantages of shorter heating (prefiring and heat-treatment) time and higher superconducting current density . The in excess of 5 was measured by an inductive method at 77.3 K. The laser irradiation is considered to produce a desirable precursor, in which three metal components are well-mixed in short time. The X-ray diffraction measurement of the irradiated area clearly showed a complete -axis oriented YBCO and no impurity phase, whereas -axis oriented YBCO was also observed in the area without irradiation. The ratio of the -axis component decreased with an increase of the laser irradiation.
Does Alendronate Prevent Collapse in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head? (2006)

Therapeutic study, level II (prospective comparative study). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Common causes of vision loss in elderly patients. (1999)

Vision loss among the elderly is a major health care problem. Approximately one person in three has some form of vision-reducing eye disease by the age of 65. The most common causes of vision loss among the elderly are age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract and diabetic retinopathy. Age-related macular degeneration is characterized by the loss of central vision. Primary open-angle glaucoma results in optic nerve damage and visual field loss. Because this condition may initially be asymptomatic, regular screening examinations are recommended for elderly patients. Cataract is a common cause of vision impairment among the elderly, but surgery is often effective in restoring vision. Diabetic retinopathy may be observed in the elderly at the time of diagnosis or during the first few years of diabetes. Patients should undergo eye examinations with dilation when diabetes is diagnosed and annually thereafter.
Evidence for Four Distinct Major Protein Components in the Paraflagellar Rod of Trypanosoma cruzi (1998)

The major structural proteins present in the paraflagellar rod of Trypanosoma cruzi migrate on SDSpolyacrylamide gels as two distinct electrophoretic bands. The gene encoding a protein present in the faster migrating band, designated PAR 2, has been identified previously. Here we report the isolation and partial characterization of three genes, designated par 1, par 3, and par 4, that encode proteins present in the two paraflagellar rod protein bands. Peptide-specific polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies against the four proteins encoded by these genes shows that PAR 1 and PAR 3 are present only in the slower migrating paraflagellar rod band, and that PAR 2 and PAR 4 are present only in the faster migrating band. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of these genes and the amino acid sequence of the conceptual proteins encoded by them indicates that par 2 shares high sequence similarity with par 3 and both are members of a common gene family, of which par 1 may be a distant member. Analysis of gene copy number and steady-state RNA levels suggest that the close stoichiometric ratio of the four PAR proteins is likely maintained by homeostatic regulation of RNA levels rather than gene dosage.
Selective Expression and Processing of Biglycan during Migration of Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells (1997)

Repair of the vascular lumenal surface after injury requires a controlled endothelial cell response that includes cell migration, proliferation, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. These cellular processes are modulated by growth factors that are released or activated following cell injury. When endothelial cell migration is stimulated in response to monolayer wounding in vitro, cells increase synthesis of small leucine-rich dermatan sulfate proteoglycans (PGs) (Kinsella, M. G., and Wight, T. N. (1986) J. Cell Biol. 102, 679-687). However, the identity of the PGs that are increased during cell migration and the factors that affect this modulation have not been identified. We now report that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is responsible for the transient increase of [35S]sulfate incorporation into PGs following monolayer wounding. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that bFGF-treated and wounded cultures increase both biglycan core protein synthesis and biglycan proteolytic processing, which results in the accumulation of a approximately 20-kDa N-terminal biglycan fragment in the culture media. Biglycan RNA steady-state levels also selectively increase 2- to 3-fold after wounding or bFGF treatment. Finally, immunocytochemical staining localizes biglycan to the tips and edges of lamellopodia on migrating cells, indicating that biglycan is found at loci at which the formation and dissolution of adhesion plaques occurs, consistent with hypotheses that predict involvement of biglycan in the control of cell migration. Taken together, these results suggest that release of endogenous bFGF is primarily responsible for altered biglycan expression, synthesis, and proteolytic processing as endothelial cells migrate after wounding.
Pump-wavelength detuning method for forward pumped distributed Raman amplification systems (2005)

A novel method is proposed for suppressing the excess noise caused by non-degenerate four-wave-mixing and RIN transfer between signal and pump lights in a forward pumped distributed Raman amplification system. Optical SNR and Q-factor improvements of 2.5 and 2.0 dB at a Raman gain of 7 dB, respectively, are successfully confirmed for L-band signals in a WDM transmission experiment over DSF.
General Formation of Aryl Dithiolcarbonates and Ethyl Ethylxanthate in the Leuckart Thiophenol Synthesis<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral Formation of Aryl Dithiolcarbonates and Ethyl Ethylxanthate in the Leuckart Thiophenol Synthesis1JAMES R. COX JR., CASIMIR L. GLADYS, LAMAR FIELD, and D. E. PEARSONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 7, 1083–1092Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01077a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01077a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views675Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
48‐2: A new LCD‐Controller for Improvement of Response Time by Compression FFD (2003)

Abstract We have developed a new LCD controller incorporating a Compression Feedforward Driving, which will be second generation Feedforward Driving. In spite of having only one SDRAM, this LCD controller can offer nearly ideal performance, improving the response time through utilizing image compression technology to reduce the frame memory requirement.
Structure determination of five sulfated oligosaccharides derived from tracheobronchial mucus glycoproteins. (1987)

The structure of five sulfated oligosaccharide units of highly anionic tracheobronchial mucous glycoproteins, isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient's sputum, were established. Reduced oligosaccharides (84%) were released under alkaline borohydride conditions, and the acidic oligosaccharides (63%) were isolated by Dowex 1-X2 chromatography. Following the removal of acidic oligosaccharides possessing N-acetylneuraminic acid and L-fucose by lectin affinity chromatography a heterogeneous mixture of sulfated oligosaccharides was obtained. From this fraction, five short chain monosulfated oligosaccharides (S-I to S-V) were purified by sequential separation by SynChroprep AX300 anion exchange high pressure liquid chromatography, gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-2, and high voltage paper electrophoresis. Based on the results of carbohydrate composition, sequential exoglycosidase degradation, permethylation analysis, lectin affinity chromatography, and periodate oxidation, the following structures (where GalNAcol is N-acetylgalactosaminitol) were proposed for these oligosaccharides. (formula; see text)
A Novel Robotic Assistant for Reducing Hand-Held Surgical Tool Tremor in Surgical Navigation (2009)

Physiological tremor may cause difficulties in computer aided navigation in orthopedics. The hand tremor test is provided in this paper, which showed that the tremor is about 0.5 ~ 1 mm when hand-held drilling in orthopedics. A novel robotic assistant in performing distal locking of long bone intramedullary nails is developed. And the tremor at the end of the instrument is effectively reduced. This paper describes the new methods for accurate and robust drill guide and reports the results of in-vitro system accuracy experiments.
Autoradiographic comparison of the distribution of the neutral endopeptidase "enkephalinase" and of mu and delta opioid receptors in rat brain. (1986)

The neutral endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.11, also designated enkephalinase, has been visualized by in vitro autoradiography using the tritiated inhibitor [3H]-N-[(2RS)-3-hydroxyaminocarbonyl-2-benzyl-1-oxopropyl] glycine, ([3H]HACBO-Gly). Specific binding of [3H]HACBO-Gly (Kd = 0.4 +/- 0.05 nM) corresponding to 85% of the total binding to brain slices was inhibited by 1 microM thiorphan, a selective inhibitor of enkephalinase, but remained unchanged in the presence of captopril, a selective inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Very high levels of [3H]HACBO-Gly binding were found in the choroid plexus and the substantia nigra. High levels were present in the caudate putamen, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, and in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. Moderate densities were found in parts of the amygdala, the periaqueductal gray matter, the interpeduncular nucleus, and the molecular layer of the cerebellum. The distribution of enkephalinase was compared to that of mu and delta opioid receptors, selectively labeled with [3H]Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-glycinol and [3H]Tyr-D-Thr-Gly-Phe-Leu-Thr, respectively. In the caudate putamen, [3H]HACBO-Gly binding overlapped the clustered mu sites but appeared more closely related to the diffusely distributed delta sites. High levels of enkephalinase and mu opioid binding sites were present at the level of the periaqueductal gray matter and in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord, regions where only sparse delta opioid receptors could be detected. The association of enkephalinase with delta and mu opioid receptors in these areas is consistent with the observed role of the enzyme in regulating the effects of opioid peptides in striatal dopamine release and analgesia, respectively. Except for the choroid plexus and the cerebellum, the close similarity observed in numerous rat brain areas between the distribution of enkephalinase and that of mu and/or delta opioid binding sites could account for most of the pharmacological effects elicited by enkephalinase inhibitors.
Backside Infrared Interferometric Patterned Wafer Thickness Sensing for Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) Etch Metrology (2010)

A quantitative metrology technique is required to provide quality control necessary for production-worthy through-silicon-via (TSV) etch. This paper reports on backside infrared interferometric wafer thickness sensing for highly repeatable, nondestructive, and high-throughput determination of TSV depth, unlimited by aspect ratio (AR). Selected etch depth measurements for 1-18 μm critical dimension TSVs with AR up to 28:1 are demonstrated with 3 sigma measurement repeatability of less than 50 nm. On the 5 μm×25 μm TSV etch process baseline on 300 mm wafers, lot-to-lot, run-to-run, and within wafer etch depth variations have been quantified in a production-worthy fashion. This technique has found no appreciable depth differences between dense and isolated TSVs within run, and has identified improvements in run-to-run variability when using oxide conditioning wafers.