gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isomeric‐Activity ratios of trimetoquinol enantiomers on β‐adrenergic receptor subtypes: Functional and biochemical studies (1994)

Trimetoquinol [1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline , TMQ] exists as two enantiomers, and the (-)-(S)-isomer is a potent beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) agonist. Experiments were conducted to examine the functional and biochemical potencies of the (S)-and (R)-enantiomers of TMQ for interaction with beta-AR subtypes in tissues, membrane fractions, and cell systems. The isomeric-activity ratios (IARs) of the TMQ isomers [(S)-isomer > > (R)-isomer] for stimulation of beta 1- and beta 2-AR of guinea pig right atria and trachea were 224 and 1585, respectively; these IARs were similar to those observed on atypical beta-AR systems of rat distal colon (575), rat brown adipocytes (398), but differed from that of rat esophageal smooth muscle (2884) in the presence of pindolol. In the absence of pindolol, the potencies for the TMQ enantiomers were slightly increased; however, the IARs remained unchanged in rat distal colon, rat brown adipocytes, and rat esophageal smooth muscle. Similarly, radioligand binding studies demonstrated that the TMQ isomer beta-AR affinities were stereoselective for the (-)-(S)-isomer in membranes of guinea pig left ventricle (beta 1) and lung (beta 2) giving IARs of 115 and 389, respectively; and in E. coli expressing human beta 1- and beta 2-AR giving IARs of 661 and 724, respectively. Corresponding IARs of receptor affinities and stimulation of cAMP accumulation in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human beta 2-AR and rat beta 3-AR were 331 and 282, and 118 and 4678, respectively. These results indicate that the (-)-(S)-isomer of TMQ exhibits high affinity, and is a potent and highly stereoselective agonist for each beta-AR subtype, that the isomers generally fail to differentiate between the beta-AR subtypes, and that, based upon differences in IAR within beta 3-AR containing systems, subtypes of atypical beta (or beta 3)-AR may exist in adipose tissue and smooth muscle.
The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States (2005)

Results suggest that job schedules with long working hours are not more risky merely because they are concentrated in inherently hazardous industries or occupations, or because people working long hours spend more total time "at risk" for a work injury. Strategies to prevent work injuries should consider changes in scheduling practices, job redesign, and health protection programmes for people working in jobs involving overtime and extended hours.
Context-Aware Handover with Power Efficiency for u-Healthcare Service in WLAN (2009)

The IEEE has recently started to develop a standard for the wireless body area network (WBAN). Providing high mobility with guaranteed QoS over the u-healthcare network which are built from the converged WBAN and WLAN systems is a challenging task. This article proposes a context-aware mobility management framework which can support high mobility in the converged WBAN and WLAN networks. The salient feature of the approach is that in order to support seamless mobility management, the context information on the communication environment, the type of service, and the medical emergency has been utilized, while minimizing the power consumption. The service model and algorithms for the context-aware mobility management have been developed in detail. Simulations have finally been performed to show the efficiency of the proposed mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PHENYL PHOSPHORODIAMIDATES. I (1981)

Abstract Durch die Umsetzung von Phosphorsäurephenylesterdichlorid (I) mit Aminen (II) erhält man praktisch immer die symmetrischen Phosphorsäurediamide (III).
Immunophenotyping Large B-Cell Lymphomas (2001)

Large cell lymphomas often challenge the diagnostic flow cytometrist. The purposes of this study were to improve our protocols for diagnosing large cell lymphomas and to correlate flow cytometric (FC) data with demographic and histologic features. We identified 63 cases of large B-cell lymphoma between January 1, 1995, and July 30, 1999, and reviewed the diagnostic slides and FC light scatter and staining patterns. The 51 lymphomas with adequate material for systemic review fell into 2 light scatter patterns: "clear cut," with large abnormal cells (high forward scatter relative to normal lymphocytes), 17 cases (33%); and "complex," 34 cases (67%). Clear-cut cases were more mitotically active (average of 42 vs 25 per 10 high-power fields), with higher cellularity. Apoptosis, geographic necrosis, and sclerosis were present histologically in many cases, regardless of FC findings. We conclude that morphologic features of large cell lymphomas do not predict which cases will be difficult to diagnose by FC. Gating strategies can be critical to improve the diagnostic yield.
Prediction of static aerodynamic characteristics for space-shuttle-like and other bodies at angles of attack from 0 deg to 180 deg (1973)

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have numerous applications in the biomedical field, some more mature, such as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and some emerging, such as heating agents in hyperthermia for cancer therapy. In all of these applications, the magnetic particles are coated with surfactants and polymers to enhance biocompatibility, prevent agglomeration, and add functionality. However, the coatings may interact with the surface atoms of the magnetic core and form a magnetically disordered layer, reducing the total amount of the magnetic phase, which is the key parameter in many applications. In the current study, amine and carboxyl functionalized and bare iron oxide nanoparticles, all suspended in water, were purchased and characterized. The presence of the coatings in commercial samples was verified with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The class of iron oxide (magnetite) was verified via Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. In addition to these, in-house prepared iron oxide nanoparticles coated with oleic acid and suspended in heptane and hexane were also investigated. The saturation magnetization obtained from vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) measurements was used to determine the effective concentration of magnetic phase in all samples. The Tiron chelation test was then utilized to check the real concentration of the iron oxide in the suspension. The difference between the concentration results from VSM and the Tiron test confirmed the reduction of magnetic phase of magnetic core in the presence of coatings and different suspension media. For the biocompatible coatings, the largest reduction was experienced by amine particles, where the ratio of the effective weight of magnetic phase reported to the real weight was 0.5. Carboxyl-coated samples experienced smaller reduction with a ratio of 0.64. Uncoated sample also exhibits a reduction with a ratio of 0.6. Oleic acid covered samples show a solvent-depended reduction with a ratio of 0.5 in heptane and 0.4 in hexane. The corresponding effective thickness of the nonmagnetic layer between magnetic core and surface coating was calculated by fitting experimentally measured magnetization to the modified Langevin equation.
Curcumin–Piperine/Curcumin–Quercetin/Curcumin–Silibinin dual drug-loaded nanoparticulate combination therapy: A novel approach to target and treat multidrug-resistant cancers (2012)

Curcumin is a functional food, which provides a wide range of health benefits including anti-cancer activity and considered as a suitable alternative for chemotherapeutic agents. However, cancer cells exhibit resistance to most chemotherapeutic agents including curcumin due to overexpression of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter proteins in the cancer cell membrane, which decrease the intracellular concentration of chemotherapeutic agents. Similarly, most chemotherapeutic agents including curcumin experience lack of cancer cell targeting, lack of aqueous solubility, rapid systemic clearance, intestinal metabolism and hepatic metabolism. These limitations hinder the clinical usefulness of curcumin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant cancers. In this article, we propose curcumin–piperine, or curcumin–quercetin or curcumin–silibinin dual drug-loaded nanoparticulate combination therapy to target and treat multidrug-resistant cancers. The proposed dual drug-loaded nanoparticulate combination is expected to reverse the multidrug resistance, prevent the rapid systemic clearance, prevent the intestinal and the hepatic metabolism, increase the aqueous solubility, enhance the bioavailability, target the cancer cells, produce a synergistic anti-cancer effect and enhance the efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant cancers.
Goal-Oriented Optimal Approximations of Bayesian Linear Inverse Problems (2017)

We propose optimal dimensionality reduction techniques for the solution of goal-oriented linear-Gaussian inverse problems, where the quantity of interest (QoI) is a function of the inversion parameters. These approximations are suitable for large-scale applications. In particular, we study the approximation of the posterior covariance of the QoI as a low-rank negative update of its prior covariance and prove optimality of this update with respect to the natural geodesic distance on the manifold of symmetric positive definite matrices. Assuming exact knowledge of the posterior mean of the QoI, the optimality results extend to optimality in distribution with respect to the Kullback--Leibler divergence and the Hellinger distance between the associated distributions. We also propose the approximation of the posterior mean of the QoI as a low-rank linear function of the data and prove optimality of this approximation with respect to a weighted Bayes risk. Both of these optimal approximations avoid the explicit computation of the full posterior distribution of the parameters and instead focus on directions that are well informed by the data and relevant to the QoI. These directions stem from a balance among all the components of the goal-oriented inverse problem: prior information, forward model, measurement noise, and ultimate goals. We illustrate the theory using a high-dimensional inverse problem in heat transfer.
<title>The Writing Mechanism For Discontinuous Metal Films</title> (1983)

Discontinuous metal films have been recently proposed as a potential archival optical storage material. This class of materials exhibits a unique writing mechanism that yields relatively low writing energies even when materials with high melting points are used. Here, the physics of this writing mechanism are examined. Transmission electron micrographs of exposed areas clearly indicate that the writing mechanism is laser induced coalescence of the metal particles resulting in a dramatic change in optical properties. It is shown that the observed coalescence mechanism is consistent with a theoretical analysis for the sintering of small particles. Calculations based on this mechanism indicate that writing can occur at temperatures well below the melting point of the bulk material. However, detailed thermal modeling of the writing process coupled with measured threshold energies, indicates that melting almost certainly occurs. Furthermore, experimental results indicate a sharp threshold to the writing process. This is inconsistent with the theory of particle coalescence, but a necessary characteristic for a practical optical storage material. This threshold can be attributed to the necessity of bringing the metal particles into physical contact before coalescence can proceed.
Agarose gel electrophoresis of bacteriophages and related particles. I. Avoidance of binding to the gel and recognizing of particles with packaged DNA (1982)

Abstract Two potentialobstacles to using agarose gel electrophoresis for the fractionation of viruses and related particles are: (a) adherence of the sample to the gel during electrophoresis, and (b) the prolonged procedures necessary for determining whether or not particles stained with nucleic acid‐specific stains have their nucleic acid in a packaged state. It is demonstrated that adherence of positively charged tail fibers of bacteriophage T7 to agarose gels is the probable cause of a previously described (Serwer, P. and Pichler, M. E., J. Virol. 1978, 28 , 917–928) sample concentration‐dependent spreading of bands formed by bacteriophage T7 during agarose gel electrophoresis (concentration effect). Procedures for screening preparations of agarose for nonadherence of particles are described and use of these procedures has resulted in the finding that the concentration effect is decreased or eliminated for T7 in preparations of agarose designed for low electro‐osmosis. In addition, it has been shown that after electrophoresis, the intensity with which bacteriophage T7 (and other DNA bacteriophages) stains with the nucleic acid‐specific stain, ethidium bromide, is increased by ejecting DNA from the interior of T7; this increase in staining intensity is used to recognized bands formed by particles with packaged DNA.
Optical surface wave mode converters and modulators utilizing static strain-optic effects (1980)

Periodic perturbations of dielectric waveguides can be obtained by an evaporated SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> thin film grating through the static strain-optic effect. These waveguides are applied to TE-TM mode converters and modulators in Ti-diffused LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> waveguides. Using a coupling length of 3 mm in an optical surface waveguide, we have demonstrated a TE-TM mode conversion efficiency of 80 percent and a TE-TM mode modulator with 100 percent modulation with an applied field of 2 V/μm. A theoretical analysis of a reflector for a semiconductor laser waveguide is also described.
Biomarkers in cervical screening: quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of P16INK4a expression (2010)

Molecular insights into the human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical carcinogenesis led to the discovery of biomarkers for cervical disease. The detection of cellular proteins that are overexpressed by HPV-infected cells, such as tumor suppressor protein p16(INK4a), might play an important role in future cervical cancer screening strategies. P16(INK4a) immunostaining correlates with the severity of cytological and histological abnormalities, but shows some methodological shortcomings such as the lack of standardized methodology and interobserver variability. This study evaluated quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) as an alternative tool to analyze p16(INK4a) overexpression as a biomarker for transforming HPV-infections in a liquid-based cervical cytology (LBC) setting. Sixty LBC samples, divided in three groups based on their cytological diagnosis, were subjected to HPV typing and analysis of p16 expression by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. The analytical sensitivity of the RT-PCR was determined by spiking HeLa and HaCaT cells. P16(INK4a) expression measured by RT-PCR did not correlate with the cytological diagnosis or HPV status (HPV-positivity, infection type and HPV16-positivity). The spiking experiment proved that, to detect increased biomarker expression by RT-PCR, about 1.0% dysplastic cells is required within a pool of normal keratinocytes. In conclusion, RT-PCR analysis of biomarker expression is not appropriate for cervical screening purposes. In typical LBC samples, the biomarker transcripts of the dysplastic cells are diluted by the RNA of the normal cells in such a manner that their overexpression cannot be detected by RT-PCR.
High time-resolution spectroscopic imaging using intensified CCD detectors (2000)

The micro-channel plate intensified CCD photon counting detector developed at University College London has been upgraded to allow time-resolved spectroscopic optical data to be acquired on periodical sources such as pulsars. First observing trials have been carried out, acquiring spectroscopic data on the Crab pulsar. The detector was phase locked to the pulsar period and a temporal resolution of 41.4 μs employed. The phase locking allowed the coaddition of time slices over a large number of pulsar periods to build up quantifiable spectroscopic data when observing in a flux-limited regime.
Comparing Three Methods for Evaluating Oil Projects: Option Pricing, Decision Trees, and Monte Carlo Simulations (1999)

Abstract Option pricing, decision trees and Monte Carlo simulations are three methods used for evaluating projects. In this paper their similarities and differences are compared from three points of view:- how they handle uncertainty in the values of key parameters such as the reserves, the oil price and costs; how they incorporate the time value of money and whether they allow for managerial flexibility. We show that despite their obvious differences, they are in fact different facets of a general project evaluation framework which has the static base case scenario as its simplest form. Compromises have to be made when modelling the complexity of the real world. These three approaches can be obtained from the general framework by focussing on certainty aspects.
IP-based ubiquitous healthcare system (2008)

This paper presents a new concept of MAC and LOAD protocols for IP based ubiquitous healthcare system. The system used IEEE 802.15.4 standard lowpan with integrated IPv6. For healthcare system we added LOAD (6lowpan Ad-hoc on Demand Distance Vector) and MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols in Harvan’s 6lowpan stack. 6lowpan stack has ability to connect the physical environment in real-world applications such as healthcare, wireless sensor network, network technology etc. IP-enable motes set on the patient body for retrieving biomedical from body in PAN. PAN network connected PC via gateway or base station for further analysis or to the doctor’s PDA (Personal Digital Assistant). The doctor can recognize or analysis patient data from anywhere on globe by internet service provider equipments (PDA). Result shows the performance biomedical data packets in multi-hope routing as well as represents the topology of the networks. TelosB motes were tested on octopus simulator in tinyOS2.02 for performance of biomedical data communication and network topology.
Research Note: Effect of Prefeeding on Physiological Parameters Associated with Turkey Poult Mortality (1987)

A commercially available antibiotic and nutrient solution was prefed by gavage into the crops of newly hatched poults, which were then brooded under standard conditions of continuous lighting, 35-C temperatures, and ad libitum feed. Treated poults exhibited higher feed consumption, hematocrits, and total red blood cells during the week following the prefeeding regime. Prefeeding partially ameliorated the typically low hematological parameters that have been associated previously with early poult mortality. The results of this study suggest that prefeeding an antibiotic and nutrient solution significantly improves the welfare of poults during the 1st week after hatching.
New Directions in Acute Liver Failure (1994)

En 1973, la premiere unite de traitement pour les patients atteints d'insuffisance hepatique aigue, a ete inauguree a l'hopital de Londres, et permet la presence continue du personnel medical, et l'intervention chirurgicale d'urgence
Reversible decreases in <i>N</i>‐acetylaspartate after acute brain injury (1995)

N-Acetylaspartate (NAA), which constitutes the major proportion of the dominant resonance in proton MR spectra of brain, is localized in mature brain exclusively in neurons and neuronal processes. A decrease in NAA has been observed in many cerebral pathologies and has usually been interpreted as an index of irreversible neuronal loss. The authors report a follow-up study of six patients with acute brain damage (four from demyelinating lesion and two from mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes [MELAS]). All patients underwent serial MR spectroscopy examinations. The four patients with acute demyelinating lesions initially showed decreases in NAA in the centers of the lesions that ranged between 34-72% of values from homologous brain volumes in the other hemisphere. All four patients subsequently showed substantial recovery of NAA as their clinical status improved. The two patients with MELAS syndrome had large decreases of NAA signal (50% and 20% of normal values, respectively) from their occipital lobe lesions during the acute stroke-like episodes. After the acute phase of the illness a progressive increase of NAA in the same volumes was seen in both patients (to 76% and 60% of normal values, respectively). These results demonstrate that significant recovery of NAA can occur after acute brain damage. The potential contribution of reversible neuronal dysfunction (as well as neuronal loss) must be considered in the interpretation of decreases in the NAA resonance associated with acute brain pathology.
Photostimulated luminescence in a rare earth-doped fluorobromozirconate glass ceramic (1999)

Photostimulated luminescence at room temperature was observed in a fluorozirconate glass which was doped with 1% Eu2+ or 1% Ce3+ and 5% Br− ions. Small crystals of BaBr2 (high-pressure phase) form in the glass on cooling. The Eu2+ and Ce3+ luminescence spectra comprised two emission lines each: for Eu2+ one line at 413 nm and a broader band centered at 485 nm, and for Ce3+ one line at 320 nm and a broader band at 425 nm. The luminescence is attributed to the 5d14fn−1→4fn emissions of the rare earth ions. In both cases only one of the emission bands showed photostimulated luminescence. The stimulation band for both rare earth ions was centered at 570 nm.
Continuous Non-contact Corneal Pachymetry with a High Speed Reflectometer (1998)

With this new interferometric method, continuous, non-contact measurement of corneal thickness is possible to within a precision of 1 microm for periods up to 1 hour, even under the modified surface conditions after photoablative keratectomy. This device may be useful for on-line monitoring of ablation depths during such procedures.
Modulation of K+ channels by hydrogen peroxide (1992)

External application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was found to inhibit the time-dependent fast inactivation process of three cloned voltage-gated K+ channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes: KShIIIC, KShIIID and HukII. As expected from kinetic models where some channels are still opening while a significant fraction of channels is already inactivated there was a large increase in current magnitude concomitant to inactivation block. The channels otherwise functioned normally. The effects of H2O2 were specific (other cloned voltage-gated K+ channels were not affected), and reversible, the currents returned to normal upon removal of the H2O2. H2O2 is produced during normal metabolism; it could act as a modulator of excitability through effects on K+ channels if effective local concentrations are reached in neuronal regions close to the channel. KShIIIC and KShIIID currents are very similar to an O2-sensitive K+ current present in type I cells of the carotid body which is believed to underlie the modulation of excitability of these cells by changes in arterial O2 pressure. H2O2 has been proposed as an intermediary between O2 and cellular response in the carotid body; our results provide support for this model.