gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro effects of low‐level laser irradiation for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: Proliferation, growth factors secretion and myogenic differentiation (2008)

LLLI stimulates proliferation, increases growth factors secretion and facilitates myogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Therefore, LLLI may provide a novel approach for the preconditioning of BMSCs in vitro prior to transplantation.
Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials on safety and efficacy of biliary drainage before surgery for obstructive jaundice (2013)

PBD in patients undergoing surgery for obstructive jaundice is associated with similar mortality but increased serious morbidity compared with no PBD. Therefore, PBD should not be used routinely.
Blood factors transfer beneficial effects of exercise on neurogenesis and cognition to the aged brain (2020)

Reversing brain aging may be possible through systemic interventions such as exercise. We found that administration of circulating blood factors in plasma from exercised aged mice transferred the effects of exercise on adult neurogenesis and cognition to sedentary aged mice. Plasma concentrations of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-specific phospholipase D1 (Gpld1), a GPI-degrading enzyme derived from liver, were found to increase after exercise and to correlate with improved cognitive function in aged mice, and concentrations of Gpld1 in blood were increased in active, healthy elderly humans. Increasing systemic concentrations of Gpld1 in aged mice ameliorated age-related regenerative and cognitive impairments by altering signaling cascades downstream of GPI-anchored substrate cleavage. We thus identify a liver-to-brain axis by which blood factors can transfer the benefits of exercise in old age.
Culture formation and its issues in personal agent-oriented virtual society (2002)

In recent years, the combination of communication networks and computer technologies have made it possible to create a cyberspace on the Internet. Recently, several 3D shared virtual spaces and worlds have been developed in which users can share the same experience in a shared virtual environment [1][10]. The next important step is to extend these environments into a "virtual society." .To realize a virtual society, it is important to obtain a large number of users in a virtual world and evaluate various issues based on the populated world. For instance, what kind of functions (especially, social functions) and interface should be supported. For this purpose we constructed a personal agent-oriented virtual society called "PAW^2" (Personal Agent World) based on our CommunityPlace system [1][2].PAW^2 [3][4] is a 3D personal agent-oriented virtual society (Figure 1). PAW^2 has improved upon past virtual spaces based on avatar and text communication by providing autonomous personal agents that interact with users plus a social and environmental infrastructure (Figure 2). We have made several observations about the unique social phenomena in PAW^2 based on our experience operating the system. In this paper, we investigate these phenomena in detail by using non-participant observation method [7] and statistic method. According to the results of observation and statistic data, we clarify what sort of phenomenon that occurred. Then, we discuss the possibility of forming culture in a virtual society and its issues.
A solution to the adaptive nulling problem with a look-direction constraint in the presence of coherent jammers (1986)

A new adaptive technique is presented that is capable of nulling coherent, as well as incoherent, jammers while maintaining a fixed gain in the look direction. The technique depends on the use of new kind of correlation matrix and a subtractive preprocessor. It does not require any spatial smoothing. It requires <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2M</tex> elements to null <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M-1</tex> coherent jammers in the presence of noise. The matrix used in the technique is such that its unbiased estimate in the presence of noise can be obtained. This helps making the algorithm robust to noise in finding the desired weight vector to be used by the array.
An Efficient Hemisynthesis of 20- and 21-[¹³C]-Labeled Cortexolone: A Model for the Study of Skin Sensitization to Corticosteroids (2009)

A method is described for the synthesis of isotopomers of cortexolone from the commercially available andros-4-ene-3,17-dione. The strategy is based on the use of K¹³CN for labeling at position 20 and of ¹³CH3MgI, generated in situ, for labeling at position 21. Because of the early introduction of the [¹³C] labeling, our efforts aimed at reproducible experimental procedures giving high yields with respect to the isotope containing precursors. During the development of this hemisynthesis, we noted that judicious choice of protective groups was essential as this could lead not only to mixtures or unstable intermediates but also influence considerably the output of reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Perfluoroalkane Carboxylates as Sources of Perfluoroalkyl Groups. (1988)

Abstract The copper‐assisted reaction between the iodobenzenes (I) and sodium trifluoroacetate (II) yields the trifluoromethyl derivatives (III).
Localized BCNU chemotherapy and the multimodal management of malignant glioma (2008)

The increasing body of efficacy data suggests that this combination of BCNU implants and TMZ within a multimodal treatment strategy including surgery and RT may provide an enhanced benefit compared with the use of either of these agents alone in select patients with high-grade glioma.
Nd:glass diode-pumped regenerative amplifier, multimillijoule short-pulse chirped-pulse-amplifier laser (2003)

We have built a diode-pumped Nd:glass regenerative amplifier that is able to produce energies up to 20 mJ within a 470-fs pulse duration at a 1-Hz repetition rate. We obtained this amplifier by using specific intracavity components such as a phase mirror and a birefringent filter to generate a large spatial mode and a large spectral width.
Poliovirus variants selected on mutant receptor-expressing cells identify capsid residues that expand receptor recognition (1995)

Mutations in the predicted C'-C"-D edge of the first immunoglobulin-like domain of the poliovirus receptor were previously shown to eliminate poliovirus binding. To identify capsid residues that expand receptor recognition, 16 poliovirus suppressor mutants were selected that replicate in three different mutant receptor-expressing cell lines as well as in cells expressing the wild-type receptor. Sequence analysis of the mutant viruses revealed three capsid residues that enable poliovirus to utilize defective receptors. Two residues are in regions of the capsid that are known to regulate receptor binding and receptor-mediated conformational transitions. A third residue is located in a highly exposed loop on the virion surface that controls poliovirus host range in mice by influencing receptor recognition. One of the suppressor mutations enables the primate-restricted P1/Mahoney strain to paralyze mice by enabling the virus to recognize a receptor in the mouse central nervous system. Capsid mutations that suppress receptor defects may exert their effect at the binding site or may improve receptor binding by regulating structural transitions of the capsid.
Distributed space-time coding for multihop networks (2004)

Cooperation among mobile users in a wireless network can be exploited to induce diversity and/or rate gain, using distributed space-time coding. In this work we consider a distributed block Alamouti scheme, valid for frequency selective channels, where we take explicitly into account the errors in the source-relay link and we derive a closed form expression for the bit error rate in the simple case of BPSK transmission. Building on such derivations, we show how to allocate the power among source and relay terminals in order to minimize the average bit error rate. Since cooperation inevitably requires a proper allocation of resources between source and relay nodes, we show the final balance in terms of rate and diversity gain, incorporating the rate loss due to the exchange of information between source and relays.
Temperature-dependent hysteresis effects in perovskite-based solar cells (2014)

Time- and temperature-dependent photocurrent transient analysis suggests that hysteresis effects are associated with multiple charging–discharging processes in perovskite solar cells.
Simultaneous utilization of glucose and xylose for lipid production by Trichosporon cutaneum (2011)

Efficient lipid production with simultaneous consumption of glucose and xylose was achieved in this study. This process provides an exciting opportunity to transform lignocellulosic materials into biofuel molecules, and should also encourage further study to elucidate this unique sugar-assimilation mechanism.
Demonstration of cytoplasmic processes in Millipore filters permitting kidney tubule induction (1975)

The presence of cytoplasmic material inside thin Millipore filters between interacting mouse metanephric mesenchyme and spinal cord was investigated using different fixation methods. The transmission of induction was studied from sections of Zenker-fixed paraffin-embedded explants. Formation of kidney tubules was taken as evidence for induction. Filters with 0.8 and 0.22 mum pores permitted induction, whereas only 6 out of 31 filters with 0.1 mum pores did so. Glutaraldehyde-fixed Epon-embedded explants were used for study of cytoplasmic penetration into filters. In thick sections, filters with large pores were seen to contain cytoplasmic material at all levels. Filters with 0.1 mum pores usually showed only shallow ingrowth, but those which had permitted passage of induction contained material at least half way from the spinal cord and shallow ingrowth from the mesenchyme. With 0.8 mum filters the ingrowths from both sides met first after 18 h of transfilter cultivation. This has previously been shown to be the minimum time needed for induction to take place in this system. In electron microscopy cytoplasmic processes were seen deep inside the 0.8 and 0.22 mum filters regularly permitting induction. In small pores such material was only preserved by certain glutaraldehyde fixatives. Diffusion studies did not reveal major differences between induction-permitting 0.22 mum filters and induction-preventing 0.1 mum filters. Thus in the kidney tubule induction system this and our previous work speak in favor of a mechanism based on close apposition of cells rather than on long-range diffusion of inductive substances or on matrix interaction.
Waves Guided Between Open Parallel Concave Reflectors (Short Papers) (1974)

Wave propagation between two open parallel concave reflectors is usually considered by a wave-beam or a multiple-reflection approach. It is shown that the field distribution in elliptic waveguides, for specific wave modes, approaches that in open reflector waveguides.
The controlled ferroresonant transformer (1963)

An analysis of ferroresonant transformers is given, considering special structures which permit closed-loop regulation. An analytical fit is used for the magnetization curve of the material, and the fundamental frequency components of currents and voltages are obtained. Results are converted in an equivalent circuit. The controlled saturable admittance is expressed in terms of design parameters, material properties, and driving signal. Gains and sensitivities over the range of operation are derived.
A general approach to dominance in the plane (1988)

Given two points p and q and a set of points 0 in the plane, p is said to dominate q with respect to O if p dominates q and there is no o O such that p dominates o and o dominates q. In other words, O is a set of obstacles that might block the &quot;rectangular view&quot; from p to q. Given sets P and O we are interested in determining all pairs (p, q) P x P such that p dominates q with respect to O. This generalizes hotions of direct dominance and rectangular visibility that have been studied before. An algorithm is presented that solves the problem in optimal time O(nlogn k), where n is the size of P U O and k is the number of answers. A second problem asks to store the sets P and O such that queries of the form &quot;given a query point q, compute all points p in P, such that q dominates p with respect to O&quot; can be answered efficiently. A static structure is devised with a query time of O(logn k) using O(nlo 2 n) storage. Using a different approach, we devise a fully dynamic structure in which queries cost O(log 2 n k) time.
Synthesis and crystal structures of two novel selenites, NaY(SeO3)2 and NaLa(SeO3)2 (1990)

NaY(SeO 3 ) 2 cristallise dans P2 1 e n avec a=5,397, b=8,525, C=12,765 A, Z=4; affinement jusqu'a R=0,027. Na La (SeO 3 ) 2 cristallise dans P2 1 /n avec a=6,696, b=6,761, c=13,199A, β=101,51°, Z=4; affinement jusqu'a R=0,056. Ces composes sont prepares hydrothermiquement a 532 K. Leurs structures contiennent des groupements SeO 3 et du sodium pentacoordonne. L'atome Yttrium dans NaY(SeO 3 ) 2 est lie a 7 atomes O dans un prisme rhomboedrique deforme alors que l'atome La dans NaLa(SeO 3 ) 2 adopte une coordination dix base sur un antiprisme carre deforme
Synthetic analogues of nicotine VI1,2. Nicotine substituted in the 5-position. (1977)

<p>A comparison is made between tactile and vibrating microprobes regarding the measurement of typical high aspect ratio microfeatures. It is found that vibrating probes enable the use of styli with higher aspect ratios than tactile probes and are still capable of measuring with high sensitivity. In addition to the one dimensional sensitivity, the directional measurement sensitivity of a vibrating probe is investigated. A vibrating microprobe can perform measurements with high sensitivity in a space spanned by its mode shapes. If the natural frequencies that correspond to these mode shapes are different, the probe shows anisotropic and sub-optimal measurement sensitivity. It is shown that the closer the natural frequencies of the probe are, the better its performance is when regarding optimal and isotropic measurement sensitivity. A novel proof-of-principle setup of a vibrating probe with two nearly equal natural frequencies is realized. This system is able to perform measurements with high and isotropic sensitivity.</p>
CFAST-consolidated model of fire growth and smoke transport (version 6) : (2005)

correctness, accuracy, reliability, or usefulness of the software.
Separation of Gases with an A-Type Zeolite Membrane (2000)

A highly hydrophilic A-type zeolite membrane was prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis on the outer surface of a porous α-alumina tube. Increasing and decreasing the permeation temperature between 308 and 473 K over 40 cycles in a period of 4 months did not damage the membrane. Permeation tests with a variety of permeates showed that the membrane possessed two types of pores: zeolitic pores of 0.4−0.43 nm diameter and nonzeolitic pores. Molecules larger than C2H6 were not able to permeate through the zeolitic pores. The separation factors of the membrane were dependent on molecular size, affinity to the pore walls, and hydrophobicity of the permeating molecules. The combination of permeants also affected the permeation rates. H2O molecules could be concentrated in the zeolitic and nonzeolitic pores, thus reducing the permeation of the hydrophobic permeants. The H2O/H2 separation factor was larger than 160 at permeation temperatures of 303−473 K.
Extracting<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>E</mml:mi></mml:math>versus<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mo></mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>effective band structure from supercell calculations on alloys and impurities (2012)

The supercell approach to defects and alloys has circumvented the limitations of those methods that insist on using artificially high symmetry, yet this step usually comes at the cost of abandoning the language of $E$ versus $\stackrel{P\vec}{k}$ band dispersion. Here we describe a computational method that maps the energy eigenvalues obtained from large supercell calculations into an effective band structure (EBS) and recovers an approximate $E(\stackrel{P\vec}{k})$ for alloys. Making use of supercells allows one to model a random alloy A${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$B${}_{x}$C by occupying the sites A and B via a coin-toss procedure, affording many different local environments (polymorphic description) to occur. We present the formalism and implementation details of the method and apply it to study the evolution of the impurity band appearing in the dilute GaN:P alloy. We go beyond the perfectly random case, realizing that many alloys may have nonrandom microstructures, and investigate how their formation is reflected in the EBS. It turns out that the EBS is extremely sensitive in determining the critical disorder level for which delocalized states start to appear in the intermediate band. In addition, the EBS allows us to identify the role played by atomic relaxation in the positioning of the impurity levels.
A classifier for semi-structured documents (2000)

Article Free Access Share on A classifier for semi-structured documents Authors: Jeonghee Yi Computer Science, UCLA, 405 Hilgard Av., LA, CA Computer Science, UCLA, 405 Hilgard Av., LA, CAView Profile , Neel Sundaresan NehaNet Corp., San Jose, CA NehaNet Corp., San Jose, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims KDD '00: Proceedings of the sixth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data miningAugust 2000Pages 340–344https://doi.org/10.1145/347090.347164Published:01 August 2000Publication History 65citation1,129DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations65Total Downloads1,129Last 12 Months51Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Prevention of leucocyte elastase-induced emphysema in mice by heparin fragments (1991)

Heparin and its derivatives inhibit human leucocyte proteinases i.e. elastase and cathepsin G, but do not inhibit porcine pancreatic elastase and Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. In vitro experiments, reported here, also indicate that elastin, one of the physiological substrates of human leucocyte elastase (HLE), could decrease by 30-fold the inhibitory potential of an hexadecasaccharide heparin fragment (dp 16) isolated from CY 222. Nevertheless, the inhibitory capacity of the heparin fragment still remains elevated with IC50 = 2.7 x 10(-7) M and still inhibits HLE in its free and adsorbed state to elastin. These overall data prompted us to evaluate the influence of CY 222 in HLE-induced emphysema. Emphysema was induced in mice eight weeks old, following a single instillation of 200 micrograms of HLE. CY 222 treated animals received 2.5 mg.kg-1 subcutaneously once daily, 6 days per week during 4 weeks prior to HLE instillation, and for eight weeks following HLE instillation. The heparin fragment treatment of the mice halved the mortality rate observed early following HLE instillation. After 8 weeks, surviving animals were examined for lung histological and morphometrical changes: mean linear intercept (MLI) and internal alveolar area (ISA). The CY 222 heparin fragments exerted a protective effect against HLE-induced emphysema by decreasing by 70% the MLI; these heparin fragments exerted no effect on emphysema induced by pancreatic elastase in hamsters or mice. Heparin derivatives represent a new class of physiological HLE low molecular weight inhibitors capable of preventing HLE-induced emphysema.
A Tradeoff Between Accuracy and Flexibility in a Working Memory Circuit Endowed with Slow Feedback Mechanisms (2014)

Recent studies have shown that reverberation underlying mnemonic persistent activity must be slow, to ensure the stability of a working memory system and to give rise to long neural transients capable of accumulation of information over time. Is the slower the underlying process, the better? To address this question, we investigated 3 slow biophysical mechanisms that are activity-dependent and prominently present in the prefrontal cortex: Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI), calcium-dependent nonspecific cationic current (ICAN), and short-term facilitation. Using a spiking network model for spatial working memory, we found that these processes enhance the memory accuracy by counteracting noise-induced drifts, heterogeneity-induced biases, and distractors. Furthermore, the incorporation of DSI and ICAN enlarges the range of network's parameter values required for working memory function. However, when a progressively slower process dominates the network, it becomes increasingly more difficult to erase a memory trace. We demonstrate this accuracy-flexibility tradeoff quantitatively and interpret it using a state-space analysis. Our results supports the scenario where N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent recurrent excitation is the workhorse for the maintenance of persistent activity, whereas slow synaptic or cellular processes contribute to the robustness of mnemonic function in a tradeoff that potentially can be adjusted according to behavioral demands.
Use of Dot-Immunobinding and Immunofluorescence Assays to Investigate Clinically Suspected Cases of Chancroid (1986)

In 1984 and 1985, outbreaks of genital ulcers occurred in Florida and New York. Initial investigations for syphilis, herpes simplex, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Haemophilus ducreyi did not implicate any of these organisms as etiologic agents. From the results of dot-immunobinding assays, we found that sera from the patients had higher levels of IgM (30 [47.6%] of 63 patients) and IgG (22 [34.9%] of 63 patients) reactivities with an outer-membrane preparation from H. ducreyi strain CIP542 than with outer-membrane preparations from Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 10211 or Haemophilus parainfluenzae ATCC 7901. In contrast, sera from 35 patients in the control group did not react with any of the outer-membrane preparations (P less than .01 for both IgM and and IgG reactivity), nor did sera from eight individuals with disease caused by H. influenzae (P = .051 for IgM reactivity, P = .02 for IgG reactivity). Indirect immunofluorescence assay using a monoclonal antibody reactive with outer-membrane preparations from H. ducreyi strain CIP542 stained organisms in smears of lesion material from genital ulcers from three of six patients. These results suggested that the cause of both outbreaks of genital ulcers was H. ducreyi which was subsequently isolated in both geographic areas.