gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of clonal monocyte-macrophage tumors in vivo by a mouse c-myc retrovirus: rearrangement of the CSF-1 gene as a secondary transforming event. (1987)

A mouse retrovirus containing the c-myc oncogene was found to induce tumors of mononuclear phagocytic cells in vivo. All tumors expressed the c-myc retroviral gene but not the endogenous c-myc gene (with one exception), and virtually all tumors were clonal with a unique proviral integration. This observation, coupled with a lag time in tumor formation, suggests that a second event, in addition to c-myc proviral integration, is necessary for the generation of neoplastic cells in vivo. All of the tumor cells expressed high levels of mRNA for both the putative colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) receptor (c-fms proto-oncogene product), as well as the c-fos proto-oncogene. Although all of the tumor cells proliferated in culture without the addition of exogenous CSF-1, which is required for the proliferation of primary macrophages partially transformed by the same c-myc retrovirus, several phenotypes were observed with respect to the expression of CSF-1 and granulocyte-macrophage CSF and to their growth factor responsiveness. The proliferation of one tumor, which secreted high levels of CSF-1, was blocked by specific anti-CSF-1 serum. This tumor was found to express altered CSF-1 mRNA and to have a DNA rearrangement at the CSF-1 locus. In this particular case, the data indicate that a CSF-1 gene rearrangement was the secondary event in development of the tumor. The pleiotropy of phenotypes among the other tumors indicated that there are a variety of other mechanisms for such secondary events which can be investigated with this system.
Metabolism of Herbicides, Review of Disappearance of Substituted Urea Herbicides from Soil (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetabolism of Herbicides, Review of Disappearance of Substituted Urea Herbicides from SoilT. J. SheetsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1964, 12, 1, 30–33Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60131a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60131a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tyrosinase maturation through the mammalian secretory pathway: bringing color to life (2006)

Tyrosinase has been extensively utilized as a model substrate to study the maturation of glycoproteins in the mammalian secretory pathway. The visual nature of its enzymatic activity (melanin production) has facilitated the identification and characterization of the proteins that assist it becoming a functional enzyme, localized to its proper cellular location. Here, we review the steps involved in the maturation of tyrosinase from when it is first synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes until the mature protein reaches its post-Golgi residence in the melanosomes. These steps include protein processing, covalent modifications, chaperone binding, oligomerization, and trafficking. The disruption of any of these steps can lead to a wide range of pigmentation disorders.
The Giardia genome project database (2000)

The Giardia genome project database provides an online resource for Giardia lamblia (WB strain, clone C6) genome sequence information. The database includes edited single-pass reads, the results of BLASTX searches, and details of progress towards sequencing the entire 12 million-bp Giardia genome. Pre-sorted BLASTX results can be retrieved based on keyword searches and BLAST searches of the high throughput Giardia data can be initiated from the web site or through NCBI. Descriptions of the genomic DNA libraries, project protocols and summary statistics are also available. Although the Giardia genome project is ongoing, new sequences are made available on a bi-monthly basis to ensure that researchers have access to information that may assist them in the search for genes and their biological function. The current URL of the Giardia genome project database is http://www.mbl.edu/Giardia.
State-space representation of unsteady airfoil behavior (1990)

A method is presented to model the unsteady lift, pitching moment, and drag acting on a two-dimensional airfoil operating under attached-flow conditions in a compressible flow. Starting from suitable generalizations and approximations to aerodynamic indicial functions, the unsteady airloads due to an artibrary forcing are represented in a state-space (differential equation) form. This model is in a form compatible with the aeroelastic analyses of both fixed-wing and rotary-wing systems
Collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma: structure and aging. (1998)

Aging is related to a three-dimensional growth of collagen fibrils in the human corneal stroma. The age-related growth of the fibril diameter was mostly a result of an increased number of collagen molecules and, in addition, to some expansion of the intermolecular Bragg spacing probably resulting from glycation-induced cross-linking. The observed expansion of the fibrils in an axial direction may result from reduction of the molecular tilting angle within collagen fibrils. The observed alterations of the collagen framework may have implications for refractive surgery and ocular tonometry achieved through related changes in the biomechanical properties of the cornea.
Global Dynamics of an SEIR Epidemic Model with Vertical Transmission (2001)

We study a population model for an infectious disease that spreads in the host population through both horizontal and vertical transmission. The total host population is assumed to have constant density and the incidence term is of the bilinear mass-action form. We prove that the global dynamics are completely determined by the basic reproduction number R0 (p,q), where p and q are fractions of infected newborns from the exposed and infectious classes, respectively. If $R_0(p,q)\le 1,$ the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable and the disease always dies out. If R0 (p,q)>1, a unique endemic equilibrium exists and is globally stable in the interior of the feasible region, and the disease persists at an endemic equilibrium state if it initially exists. The contribution of the vertical transmission to the basic reproduction number is also analyzed.
Surface modification with the scanning tunneling microscope (1986)

We describe the design and operation of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) intended for studying surfaces. We are able to prepare samples with ion bombardment and heating, and to characterize them with LEED and Auger analysis in situ before scanning with the STM. Data acquisition and analysis are computer-controlled, with a wide variety of options for presentation. In the near future, we will be able to load-lock samples without venting the UHV chamber. Our STM has very low thermal drift, typically of the order of 1 Å/min. In addition to topographical measurements of the surface, we have obtained spatially resolved maps related to the height of the tunnel barrier. We have investigated the effects of scratching the surface with the tip, and have also succeeded in depositing material from the tip onto the surface. Surface diffusion of material is found to play an important role in both of these processes.
Acceleration of SQL Restrictions and Aggregations through FPGA-Based Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (2013)

SQL query processing on large database systems is recognized as one of the most important emerging disciplines of computing nowadays. However, current approaches do not provide a substantial coverage of typical query operators in hardware. In this paper, we provide an important step to higher operator coverage by proposing a) full dynamic data path generation for support also complex operators such as restrictions and aggregations. b) Also, an analysis of the computation times of a real database queries when running on a normal desktop computer is proposed to show that c) speedups ranging between 4 and 50 are obtainable by providing generative support also for the important restrict and aggregate operators using FPGAs.
An efficient elliptic curve cryptography based authenticated key agreement protocol for wireless LAN security (2005)

Failure of the wired equivalent privacy (WEP) protocol largely stimulated the research and development of a security protocols for wireless local area networks. Industry alliances and IEEE responded with Wi-Fi protected access (WPA) and IEEE 802.11i for the solutions to the aforementioned problem. This paper proposes a mutually authenticated key agreement protocol that employs elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) and elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) exchange intended for mutual authentication and key exchange respectively. To support both the basic service set (BSS) network and extended service set (ESS) network two different versions of the protocol have also been derived from the original one. The design objective was the efficiency and compatibility to 802.11i standard.
Thermal stability and structural characteristics of HfO2 films on Si (100) grown by atomic-layer deposition (2002)

The thermal stability and structural characteristics for gate stack structure of HfO2 dielectrics deposited by atomic-layer deposition (ALD) were investigated. The structural characteristics and chemical state of the HfO2 films in relation to the film thickness and postannealing temperature were examined by x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An interfacial layer of hafnium silicate with an amorphous structure was grown on the oxidized Si substrate at an initial growth stage. The structural characteristics of the HfO2 films are closely affected by the interfacial layer and are depended on the thickness of the films. The 45 Å thick HfO2 film with an amorphous structure was changed into a polycrystalline structure after rapid temperature annealing of 750 °C for 5 min, while thicker films were grown into a polycrystalline structure of monoclinic or tetragonal crystal structure. The silicate layer grown at the interfacial region is not stable even at 700 °C under ultrahigh vacuum condition and changes into the silicide layers.
Simplifying EMI immunity (susceptibility) tests in TEM cells (2002)

The author addresses two problems encountered in EMI (electromagnetic interference) immunity tests of printed circuit boards and other small electronic assemblies in TEM (transverse electromagnetic) cells. One time-consuming activity in these tests is the repetitive repositioning and testing of the device under test (DUT) to assure that all likely EMI coupling orientations have been tried. The other problem is spurious results arising from undesired induction of the test signal on the wires which service the DUT. It is shown that the time required to repeatedly test the DUT in different orientations may be reduced by mounting it on a dielectric rotary shaft on its ortho-axis. The ortho-axis makes an angle of 54.7 degrees to the edges and centerlines of each face of the DUT; this angle is the ortho-angle. A single 360 degrees rotation of the DUT around the ortho-axis exposes all its orientations to the TEM-cell fields. The DUT service wires may be brought out of the TEM cell along the ortho-axis and shielded by a metal tube around the axis. Care must be taken in the design of the DUT service wiring to avoid coupling to the H-field. In particular, current loops in the wiring must be avoided or made as small as possible. >
Purification of immunologically active HLA-A and -B antigens by a series of monoclonal antibody columns. (1979)

Serologically and biochemically pure preparations of detergent and papain-solubilized HLA-A2 and HLA-B7 antigens were isolated by high pH elution from a series of immunoaffinity columns constructed from monoclonal antibodies with specificity for HLA-A2 and HLA-B7 antigens. These preparations retained the immunological activity and quaternary structure of the native molecule and should provide suitable reagents for insertion into liposomes and probing the role of major histocompatibility antigens in lymphocyte interactions.
Convex Interpolating Splines of Arbitrary Degree (1980)

A sufficient conditions for the nodes xi (where X0 < x1 < … < xn) and for the numbers yi (i = 0, 1..., n) and J’0 for which a polynomial spline function s of degree k+1 (k ≥ 1) interpolating the data yi in nodes xi and such that s’(x0) = y’0 sϵCk [x0,xn] are given. An explicit form for the spline function s are given.
Using logic programming to model Multi-Agent web legal systems – an application report (2001)

A logic programming framework for the definition of cooperative multi-agent legal web information retrieval systems is proposed. Cooperation is achieved through the use of dialogue processing techniques, namely, the inference of the user intentions and the existence of a pro-active system behaviour, which tries to help users in their searches.
Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles in Langmuir-Blodgett Films (2006)

In this work we have synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles, using either a sol-gel base catalysed process in the interior of CTAB reversed micelles (TiO2 CTAB sol), or the neutralization of a TiO2/H2SO4 solution in the interior of AOT reversed micelles. From the absorption and emission data of the TiO2 nanoparticles it is possible to conclude that in the sol-gel route there remains alkoxide groups in the structure, originating transitions lower than the energy gap of TiO2 semiconductor. These transitions disappear in the neutralization procedure, where the alkoxide groups are absent in the structure. We have assigned the observed indirect and direct optical transitions according to the anatase band structure. TiO2 Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were prepared either by direct deposition of titanium isopropoxide or by deposition of the TiO2 CTAB sol. These films showed photoluminescence, which was attributed to band-gap emission and to surface recombination of defect states.
Hyperopic Defocus and Diurnal Changes in Human Choroid and Axial Length (2013)

The introduction of monocular hyperopic defocus resulted in a significant increase in the amplitude of the diurnal change in axial length and choroidal thickness that returned to normal the following day after removal of the blur stimulus.
Dynamic power allocation and routing for time varying wireless networks (2004)

We consider dynamic routing and power allocation for a wireless network with time varying channels. The network consists of power constrained nodes which transmit over wireless links with adaptive transmission rates. Packets randomly enter the system at each node and wait in output queues to be transmitted through the network to their destinations. We establish the capacity region of all rate matrices (/spl lambda//sub ij/) that the system can stably support - where (/spl lambda//sub ij/) represents the rate of traffic originating at node i and destined for node j. A joint routing and power allocation policy is developed which stabilizes the system and provides bounded average delay guarantees whenever the input rates are within this capacity region. Such performance holds for general arrival and channel state processes, even if these processes are unknown to the network controller. We then apply this control algorithm to an ad-hoc wireless network where channel variations are due to user mobility, and compare its performance with the Grossglauser-Tse (2001) relay model.
Highly Ordered Langmuir−Blodgett Films of Amphiphilic Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers (2007)

Three amphiphilic poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers were synthesized by (1) attaching dodecanoyl chains to a PPI (DAB-dendr-(NH2)8) dendrimer core, (2) reducing the amide groups to secondary amines, and (3) methylating the secondary amines to tertiary amines. Monolayers of all three dendrimers on water were compressed to areas of 160 Å2/molecule. The monolayers of the dendrimers were transferred to newly cleaved mica by the Langmuir−Blodgett method. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements showed that the amphiphilic dendrimers formed stable homogeneous monolayers with surface roughness < 0.5 nm on mica. High-resolution AFM images displayed tetragonal order of a two-dimensional crystal with alkyl chain-to-chain spacing of 0.4−0.5 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments detected glass transitions of the bulk dendrimers in the range of −12 to −60 °C and endothermic transitions from more ordered to less ordered molecular packing at higher temperatures.
Transparency, Gas Barrier, and Moisture Resistance of Large-Aspect-Ratio Vermiculite Nanobrick Wall Thin Films (2012)

The ability to incorporate large-aspect-ratio vermiculite (VMT) clay into thin films fabricated using the layer-by-layer assembly techinique is reported for the first time. Thin films of branched polyethylenimine (PEI) and VMT were analyzed for their growth rate, clay composition, transparency, and gas barrier behavior. These films consist of >96 wt% clay, are >95% transparent, and, because of their nanobrick wall structure, exhibit super gas barrier behavior at thicknesses of <165 nm. When coupled with flexibility, the optical clarity and super barrier that these coatings can impart make them superb candidates for a variety of packaging applications.
Reflection of femtosecond laser light in multipulse ablation of metals (2011)

The shot-to-shot reflectance of high-intensity laser light is studied as a function of both the number of laser shots and laser fluence in multipulse ablation of a metal when the irradiated surface undergoes structural changes from an initially smooth surface to a deep crater. Our study shows that the reflectance of the irradiated surface significantly decreases due to the high intensity of laser pulses and the laser-induced surface structures in ablation regimes typically used for femtosecond laser processing of materials. The high-intensity effect dominates in the reflection reduction at low numbers of laser shots when laser-induced surface structures do not cause the reflectance to decrease noticeably. With increasing the number of laser shots, the structural effect comes into play, and both high-intensity and structural effects quickly reduce the reflectance of the sample to a low value.
Visualising Androgen Receptor Activity in Male and Female Mice (2013)

Androgens, required for normal development and fertility of males and females, have vital roles in the reproductive tract, brain, cardiovascular system, smooth muscle and bone. Androgens function via the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor. To assay and localise AR activity in vivo we generated the transgenic "ARE-Luc" mouse, expressing a luciferase reporter gene under the control of activated endogenous AR. In vivo imaging of androgen-mediated luciferase activity revealed several strongly expressing tissues in the male mouse as expected and also in certain female tissues. In males the testes, prostate, seminal vesicles and bone marrow all showed high AR activity. In females, strong activity was seen in the ovaries, uterus, omentum tissue and mammary glands. In both sexes AR expression and activity was also found in salivary glands, the eye (and associated glands), adipose tissue, spleen and, notably, regions of the brain. Luciferase protein expression was found in the same cell layers as androgen receptor expression. Additionally, mouse AR expression and activity correlated well with AR expression in human tissues. The anti-androgen bicalutamide reduced luciferase signal in all tissues. Our model demonstrates that androgens can act in these tissues directly via AR, rather than exclusively via androgen aromatisation to estrogens and activation of the estrogen receptor. Additionally, it visually demonstrates the fundamental importance of AR signalling outside the normal role in the reproductive organs. This model represents an important tool for physiological and developmental analysis of androgen signalling, and for characterization of known and novel androgenic or antiandrogenic compounds.
Arcs in Low-Voltage A-C. Networks (1931)

The extinction of a-c. arcs at current zero is reviewed, and arc reignition characteristic and circuit reignition characteristic are defined. From a study of arc reignition characteristics of short arcs remote from insulation it is concluded that such arcs are incapable of interrupting practical low-voltage a-c. network circuits. The extinction of arcs in practical network cables is then ascribed to the deionizing action of gas blasts coming from decomposing adjacent insulation. Experiments with arcs in cables, and arcs between parallel plates remote from insulation, and closely bounded by insulation, confirm this view. Inorganic insulating materials may also assist in arc extinction by generating gas blasts by their decomposition. Of the various inorganic materials tried, boric acid was the most effective. Charring of organic insulation may be expected to cause it to lose its arc extinction aiding characteristic.
Cloning of human immunoglobulin μ gene and comparison with mouse μ gene (1980)

We have cloned a 12 kb DNA segment containing human mu gene and its flanking sequence from human fetal liver DNA library using mouse mu gene as a probe. Partial nucleotide sequence determination shows that the cloned DNA contains the sequence encoding human mu chain. This is the first constant region gene of the human heavy chain that is cloned. We have compared human and mouse mu genes by heteroduplex analysis and Southern blot hybridization. The results clearly show that not only the sequence encoding the CH4 domain but also the 5'-flanking (S mu) sequence is conserved between human and mouse mu genes, suggesting that the nucleotide sequence in the S mu region has an important biological function, presumably a recognition signal for the class switch recombinant as proposed previously.
[Protective and rescue effects of transgenic bFGF/GFP expression mediated by cationic liposome on gentamicin-induced guinea pig cochlear toxicity]. (2002)

SA-liposome mediated bFGF/GFP gene, which was perfused in one ear, can be expressed highly in both cochleae of the guinea pig, and may protect and rescue cochlea against gentamicin ototoxicity.