gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Knowledge-based parameter estimation for identification and equalization of storage channels (1996)

The emerging sampling detectors in digital magnetic recording require precise filtering of the readback signal. In this paper, we propose a technique for fast estimation of the channel response from which the filter coefficients are calculated. Utilizing the a priori knowledge about the general shape of the transition response in magnetic recording, the channel identification problem is reduced to estimation of one or more parameters. Specifically, the pulse width at half of the transition response peak magnitude is first estimated. The algorithm is then extended to include more practical cases. It is shown that this simplified approach has much faster convergence rate than the direct least-mean-square channel identification method. Once the algorithm converges, the estimates can be used to select or compute an appropriate set of equalizer coefficients or to modify the decoder parameters. We will describe methods for recursive filter design based on the estimated channel for partial response as well as decision feedback systems.
Insecticidal activity of 23 essential oils and their major compounds against adult <i>Lipaphis pseudobrassicae</i> (Davis) (Aphididae: Homoptera) (2005)

Essential oils from 23 species of plants comprising 14 genera and 4 plant families were obtained by Clevenger-type water distillation. The major compounds in these essential oils were identified with GC-MS and their insecticidal activity against adult turnip aphids, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis), tested with dosage-mortality bioassays. We examined mortality only for viviparous adults because sizeable aphid populations on crucifer (Brassicaceae) hosts are largely produced by these wingless, parthenogenic females. Twenty-two of the oils were directly applied to aphid females in randomized blocks at concentrations of 0.0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg ml(-1). Essential oils mixed with a non-toxic emulsifying agent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), more easily penetrated the waxy insect cuticle. Probit analysis and LC(50) at three different exposures showed aphids were quickly incapacitated and killed by aliphatic aldehydes, phenols and monocyclic terpenes contained in Bifora and Satureja oils and at applied concentrations as low as 0.3 to 1.0 mg ml(-1). Only enough Pimpinella isaurica oil and its three phenylpropanoid fractions were available for testing at a single concentration of 10 mg ml(-1). We could not spare any additional P. isaurica oil for testing at other concentrations. Phenylpropanoids isolated from P. isaurica oil when recombined or left naturally blended in the oil were highly bioactive against L. pseudobrassicae at 10 mg ml(-1).
Coupling of Nuclear Localization Signals to Plasmid DNA and Specific Interaction of the Conjugates with Importin α (1998)

The nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the SV40 large T antigen efficiently induces nuclear targeting of proteins. We have developed a chemical strategy for covalent coupling of NLS peptides to plasmid DNA. A p-azido-tetrafluoro-benzyl-NLS peptide conjugate was synthesized. This conjugate was used to covalently associate NLS peptides to plasmid DNA by photoactivation. Reporter gene was expressed after transfection of the plasmid-NLS conjugates in NIH 3T3 cells. The conjugates interacted specifically with the NLS-receptor importin alpha, but plasmid-NLS conjugates were not detected in the nucleus, by fluorescence microscopy, after cytoplasmic microinjection.
Advertise gently - in-image advertising with low intrusiveness (2009)

The new trend of online advertisement is in-image advertising, which is facing the risk of being intrusive. Several works have been done to reduce the intrusiveness. However, intrusiveness is a subjective concept and is difficult to be measured objectively. In this paper, by considering the fact that gentle advertising will not disturb audiences' attention too much but the intrusive ones will, we investigate the relationship between intrusiveness and audience attention. By experiment, we find that two aspects of attention will affect intrusiveness. Firstly, if the inserted advertisement covers the Region of Interest (ROI), it is truly very intrusive. Secondly, if the advertisement distracts audience attention from the original attending point, it is also very intrusive. We measure intrusiveness from the above two aspects. Using this measurement, we insert advertisements into online image collections gently. Given a pair of an image and an advertisement, we detect the suitable place, using attention analysis and visual consistency, to reduce intrusiveness. Given an image set and an advertisement set, we minimize the intrusiveness by searching for an optimal match. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed measurement of intrusiveness and of the advertising approach.
Oxygen precipitation and microdefects in Czochralski-grown silicon crystals (1984)

The oxygen precipitation and secondary defect formation processes in various Czochralski Si crystals subjected to annealing at 800 and 1100 °C are studied. It is found that the oxygen precipitation rate is determined by the density of microprecipitates existing before the annealing, and that the substitutional carbon atoms suppress the formation of dislocation loops of interstitial type at 800 °C. For the formation of different types of precipitates an oxygen precipitation model is proposed, in which the variation of Gibbs free energy of the crystal during the heat-treatment is calculated considering the elastic strains due to precipitates and the relaxation by emitting Si self-interstitials. Conditions for oxygen precipitation are derived for some special cases and the types of precipitates formed by several annealing conditions are well explained. Die Sauerstoffpräzipitatbildung und der Bildungsprozeß sekundärer Defekte werden in verschiedenen Czochralski-Si-Kristallen untersucht, die bei 800 und 1100 °C getempert werden. Es wird gefunden, daß die Sauerstoffpräzipitationsgeschwindigkeit durch die Dichte von Mikropräzipitaten bestimmt wird, die vor der Temperung existieren und substitutionelle Kohlenstoffatome die Bildung von Zwischengitterversetzungsschleifen bei 800 °C behindern. Um die Bildung verschiedener Einschlüsse zu erklären, wird ein Sauerstoffpräzipitatmodell vorgeschlagen, in dem die Änderung der Gibbschen Freien Energie des Kristalls während der Wärmebehandlung berechnet wird und die elastischen Spannungen durch Einschlüsse und die Relaxation durch Emission von Si-Zischengittörstitellen betrachtet werden. Die Bedingungen für Sauerstoffpräzipitatbildung werden für einige spezielle Fälle abgeleitet und die Arten der durch einige Temperungsbedingungen gebildeten Einschlüsse werden erfolgreich erklärt.
The Action of Caffeine on X-Irradiated HeLa Cells: III. Enhancement of X-Ray-Induced Killing during G 2 Arrest (1978)

P. M. Busse, S. K. Bose, R. W. Jones, L. J. Tolmach, The Action of Caffeine on X-Irradiated HeLa Cells: III. Enhancement of X-Ray-Induced Killing during G2 Arrest, Radiation Research, Vol. 76, No. 2 (Nov., 1978), pp. 292-307
Radioiodinated p-iodoclonidine. A high-affinity probe for the .alpha.2-adrenergic receptor (1987)

The chemical synthesis of 2-[(2,6-dichloro-4-iodophenyl)imino]imidazolidine (PIC) and its radioiodinated analogue [125I]PIC is described. PIC was synthesized from 2,6-dichloroaniline in five synthetic steps. This agent displayed a high affinity for the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor (IC50 = 1.5 nM) in competitive binding assays conducted with purified human platelet plasma membrane fractions. For the synthesis of radioiodinated PIC the triazene intermediate 11 was synthesized from 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline in five synthetic steps. Acid-catalyzed decomposition of 11 with no-carrier-added Na125I afforded high specific activity [125I]PIC. In view of its high affinity for the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor, [125I]PIC is a potentially useful probe for studies in adrenergic pharmacology.
The ImageJ ecosystem: An open platform for biomedical image analysis (2015)

Technology in microscopy advances rapidly, enabling increasingly affordable, faster, and more precise quantitative biomedical imaging, which necessitates correspondingly more-advanced image processing and analysis techniques. A wide range of software is available-from commercial to academic, special-purpose to Swiss army knife, small to large-but a key characteristic of software that is suitable for scientific inquiry is its accessibility. Open-source software is ideal for scientific endeavors because it can be freely inspected, modified, and redistributed; in particular, the open-software platform ImageJ has had a huge impact on the life sciences, and continues to do so. From its inception, ImageJ has grown significantly due largely to being freely available and its vibrant and helpful user community. Scientists as diverse as interested hobbyists, technical assistants, students, scientific staff, and advanced biology researchers use ImageJ on a daily basis, and exchange knowledge via its dedicated mailing list. Uses of ImageJ range from data visualization and teaching to advanced image processing and statistical analysis. The software's extensibility continues to attract biologists at all career stages as well as computer scientists who wish to effectively implement specific image-processing algorithms. In this review, we use the ImageJ project as a case study of how open-source software fosters its suites of software tools, making multitudes of image-analysis technology easily accessible to the scientific community. We specifically explore what makes ImageJ so popular, how it impacts the life sciences, how it inspires other projects, and how it is self-influenced by coevolving projects within the ImageJ ecosystem.
HOL-EDD: a flexible service scheduling scheme for ATM networks (2002)

The salient properties of a work-conserving, rate-based service scheduling scheme for ATM networks, called the head-of-the-line earliest due date (HOL-EDD), are described. The major feature of HOL-EDD is that it does not use cell stamping. Instead, it uses an integer decision variable for each VC to schedule cells for transmission. It is shown that the HOL-EDD has a connectionist implementation of O(1) computational complexity. The flexibility of the scheme is shown by generalizing it to schedule the CBR, ABR and UBR service classes.
EASY REMOVAL OF SKIN SUTURES (1953)

The removal of skin sutures may be as much of an ordeal for the physician as for the patient. In this modern era of almost unbelievable surgical techniques and skills, one still hears a lay person remark that "the removal of my sutures was a more painful experience than the operation itself." We wish to describe a "suture lift" that will facilitate the removal of skin sutures. This "suture lift" consists of a separate piece of nonabsorbable surgical suture threated under all of the stitches after their insertion and fixed to some of them. Traction upward on one end of this thread permits easy visualization of all the skin sutures for incision and extraction. The removal of ordinary over-and-over interrupted or continuous skin sutures presents no serious problem since each loop is usually exposed enough to be cut with the tips of scissors. Difficulty is encountered, however, in removing such
A Chinese hamster ovary cyclophilin cDNA sequence (1990)

Journal Article A Chinese hamster ovary cyclophilin cDNA sequence Get access Derk J. Bergsma, Derk J. Bergsma * Department of Molecular Genetics, SmithKline Beecham PharmaceuticalsKing of Prussia, PA 19406, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Daniel Sylvester Daniel Sylvester Department of Molecular Genetics, SmithKline Beecham PharmaceuticalsKing of Prussia, PA 19406, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 1, 11 January 1990, Page 200, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.1.200 Published: 11 January 1990 Article history Received: 13 November 1989 Published: 11 January 1990
Perspective projection for decoding of QR codes posted on cylinders (2017)

Nowadays, QR (quick-response) codes have become part of our daily life. In many applications, QR codes are posted (i.e. pasted or printed) on cylinders. Then, the QR image as captured by a camera would be distorted. In this paper, we try to tackle the decoding of QR codes in such a situation. It is based on perspective projection (PP), which is specified by a camera matrix (cM), with the assistance of cross ratio (CR). In the proposed scheme, the mathematics involved is neat, and the computation is fast. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is effective, in the sense that with the aid of it many failed decoding attempts became successful.
Spiral-CT des Abdomens: Gewichtsadaptierte Dosisreduktion (2001)

A body weight adjusted reduction of tube current is possible without an increase of noise.
Small Molecule Inhibition of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> Exchange Regulatory Factor 1 and Parathyroid Hormone 1 Receptor Interaction (2014)

We have identified a series of small molecules that bind to the canonical peptide binding groove of the PDZ1 domain of NHERF1 and effectively compete with the association of the C-terminus of the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R). Employing nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular modeling, we characterize the mode of binding that involves the GYGF loop important for the association of the C-terminus of PTH1R. We demonstrate that the common core of the small molecules binds to the PDZ1 domain of NHERF1 and displaces a (15)N-labeled peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of PTH1R. The small size (molecular weight of 192) of this core scaffold makes it an excellent candidate for further elaboration in the development of an inhibitor for this important protein-protein interaction.
Transannular Cyclization in Cyclodecenes: The Case Study of Melampolides (2003)

Abstract The structures of products formed by electrophilic transannular cyclization (ETC) in medium‐ring compounds are affected by several parameters. The melampolides, ( cis , trans )‐cyclodeca‐1(10),5‐diene terpenes, undergo ring closure only under Lewis acid conditions. The transannular distance proves to be a key factor. Molecular mechanics calculations suggest that the cis ring junction of products is formed through a less populated conformer. ETC has chemical significance because it may play an important role in the pharmacological action of sesquiterpene lactones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
User Modeling for a Personal Assistant (2015)

We present a user modeling system that serves as the foundation of a personal assistant. The system ingests web search history for signed-in users, and identifies coherent contexts that correspond to tasks, interests, and habits. Unlike past work which focused on either in-session tasks or tasks over a few days, we look at several months of history in order to identify not just short-term tasks, but also long-term interests and habits. The features we use for identifying coherent contexts yield substantially higher precision and recall than past work. We also present an algorithm for identifying contexts that is 8 to 30 times faster than previous algorithms. The user modeling system has been deployed in production. It runs over hundreds of millions of users, and updates the models with a 10-minute latency. The contexts identified by the system serve as the foundation for generating recommendations in Google Now.
[Fibrin deposits on the surface modified PMMA IOLs]. (1989)

Fibrin reaction and fibrin deposits on the surface of intraocular lens (IOL) after implantation were studied experimentally in vitro and in vivo, using various surface-modified PMMA IOLs. PEO-coated PMMA IOLs and heparinized PEO-coated PMMA IOLs prevented deposition of fibrin. The results suggested these IOLs would be useful to prevent accumulation of fibrin deposits.
Angiogenesis: a balancing act between integrin activation and inhibition? (2009)

Acquisition of new genes encoding for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and their cognate integrin adhesive receptors, as well as secreted pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, proved to be essential for the development of functional vascular networks in the vertebrate embryo. There is now clear evidence that post-natal, pathological tissue neo-vascularization is crucial for cancer growth and therapy as well. Integrins are major ECM receptors that can exist in different functional states with respect to their affinity for ECM proteins. Regulation of integrin activation is crucial for their biological functions. In the embryo, the development of a properly patterned network of blood vessels relies upon the fine modulation of integrin activation by chemoattractant and chemorepulsive cues, such as angiogenic growth factors and semaphorins. Such a fine-tuning of endothelial integrin function is likely to be disrupted in cancer. Here, the vasculature is structurally and functionally abnormal and therefore inadequate for an efficient drug and oxygen delivery, which is a mandatory pre-requisite for successful chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is thus important to identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate integrin function in normal ECs and which are altered in tumor ECs.
Intraoperative localization of sensorimotor cortex by cortical somatosensory evoked potentials. (1991)

Intraoperative cortical somatosensory potentials were evoked to localize the sensorimotor cortex under general anesthesia by contralateral median nerve stimulation in 12 patients. Eight patients underwent an excision of the epileptogenic focus for intractable complex partial seizures and the other 4 patients underwent tumor surgery following successful localization of the sensorimotor cortex. The relationships between the somatosensory evoked potentials and the anatomy of the sensorimotor cortex allowed rapid and accurate localization of the sensorimotor hand area: (1) the P2 recorded from the postcentral gyrus had a positivity of 49.0 microV on the average with a mean latency of 26.9 msec; (2) the N1 and P2 consistently showed phase-reversal across the Rolandic fissure; and (3) maximum SEP amplitudes were recorded from the hand representation area of the sensorimotor cortex. The neurophysiological and neurosurgical results demonstrate the feasibility of recording cortical SEP's under general anesthesia and the improvement of safety in surgical excisions near the sensorimotor cortex.
Video encoding in the spectrum-compatible HDTV system (1990)

Video compression is achieved in the spectrum-compatible high-definition television (SC-HDTV) system by adaptive transform subband coding. The number of subbands is significantly increased, and the temporal processing is greatly reduced. Coefficients are transmitted as analog data; side information representing adaptation is transmitted as part of the digital data signal.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deep Text Classification Can be Fooled (2018)

In this paper, we present an effective method to craft text adversarial samples, revealing one important yet underestimated fact that DNN-based text classifiers are also prone to adversarial sample attack. Specifically, confronted with different adversarial scenarios, the text items that are important for classification are identified by computing the cost gradients of the input (white-box attack) or generating a series of occluded test samples (black-box attack). Based on these items, we design three perturbation strategies, namely insertion, modification, and removal, to generate adversarial samples. The experiment results show that the adversarial samples generated by our method can successfully fool both state-of-the-art character-level and word-level DNN-based text classifiers. The adversarial samples can be perturbed to any desirable classes without compromising their utilities. At the same time, the introduced perturbation is difficult to be perceived.
The molecular basis of immune cytokine action. (1989)

The polypeptide hormones governing the proliferation and differentiation of the mature immune system and hematopoiesis are collectively referred to as lymphokines. We have examined a number of biochemical and molecular events stimulated by several unique lymphokines which exhibit proliferative activity on lymphoid and myeloid cell lines. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and several members of the colony-stimulating factors (IL-3, G-CSF, and GM-CSF) stimulate similar patterns of cellular phosphorylation including the prominent phosphorylation of a 68-kDa substrate present in numerous distinct lineage cell lines. The 68-kDa substrate is phosphorylated by protein kinase C on threonine residues and is primarily cytosolic. Another kinase system activated by either physiological ligand or synthetic diacylglycerol phosphorylated the 40S ribosomal protein in a dose-dependent manner. The increased phosphorylation of S6 protein was associated with enhanced chain elongation in vitro. The kinase responsible for the in situ phosphorylation, however, was not protein kinase-C (PK-C) but another physicochemically distinct Mg2+-dependent enzyme (termed S6 kinase). These studies suggested that, although PK-C was activated by diacylglycerol, another kinase, S6 kinase, was the effector enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of the 40S protein. IL-2 and all other CSFs tested stimulated the transcription of the nuclear protooncogenes c-fos, c-myc, and c-myb. In addition, ornithine decarboxylase mRNA accumulation was also stimulated. Phorbol esters also stimulated similar gene expression; however, cyclic AMP analog inhibited phorbol ester or ligand-induced c-myc expression and ODC mRNA accumulation. Cyclic AMP agonists are antiproliferative to all the growth factors tested. We have constructed complementary oligonucleotides, "antisense", against c-fos, c-myc, and other structural genes induced by the growth factors. Such antisense oligomers were capable of selectively deleting protein expression of the respective gene products and inhibited the biological action of the growth factors.