gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Properties of Single Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Tips of Scanning Probe Microscopy Cantilevers by Ion Irradiation (2007)

Single carbon nanofibers (CNFs) grown on the tips of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) cantilevers by Ar+ irradiation attract much attention, because of their potential in the batch fabrication of CNF probes. Here, we first revealed their mechanical characteristics. An excellent flexibility of CNF probes was confirmed by hard-contact examination (force-curve measurement) in which the cantilever was brought closer to the sample surface from a standard imaging position to a 300 nm-deeper position. Due to this flexibility and durability, even after continuous atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging using a CNF probe (900 nm in length and 30 nm in diameter) for 200 min, no marked deterioration was observed in AFM resolution or probe shape. These mechanical properties of the ion-induced CNFs were comparable to those of high-quality carbon nanotube (CNT) probes. Therefore, it was concluded that CNF probes are promising as practical SPM probes.
Multiple wavelength bidirectional transmission for subscriber loop applications (1989)

A laboratory demonstration of two uniwavelength bidirectional transmission systems, one at 780 nm and another at 1300nm, multiplexed on a standard single-mode fibre is described. Based on experimental results, a duplexquadruplex system for the subscriber loop is possible, which again doubles the information carrying capacity of the fibre system.
The New Frontier (2018)

Does the burgeoning Indian Information Technology (IT) sector represent a deviation from the historical arc of caste inequality or has it become yet another site of discrimination? Those who claim that the sector is caste-free believe that IT is an equal opportunity employer, and that the small Dalit footprint is due to the want of merit. But they fail to consider how caste inequality sneaks in by being layered on socially constructed ‘pure merit’, which favours upper castes and other privileged segments, but handicaps Dalits and other disadvantaged groups. In this book, Fernandez describes how the practice of pure and holistic merit are deeply embedded in the social, cultural, and economic privileges of the dominant castes and classes, and how caste filtering has led to the reproduction of caste hierarchies and consequently the small Dalit footprint in Indian IT.
In-vessel calibration of the JET neutron monitors using a 252Cf neutron source: Difficulties experienced (1990)

The most direct method of obtaining an absolute calibration of the set of fission chambers used at JET for the measurement of the time-resolved neutron yield is by means of a standardized 252Cf radio-isotope neutron source which is moved around the vacuum vessel to map out the volume occupied by the plasma. The accuracy of this procedure can approach 10%. However, its applicability depends on the geometry of the tokamak and the location of the fission chambers. At JET, most of the neutrons reach the detectors by passing through the main diagnostic ports. Now that these ports have become surrounded by massive items of hardware, it is found that this equipment moderates and absorbs the 252Cf neutrons more strongly than 2.5 MeV neutrons. This paper examines the magnitude of the errors on the absolute calibration of the fission chambers introduced by this effect.
Declarative GUI Programming in Microsoft Windows (2007)

"Software technology" will provide concise, hands-on information on hot software technologies early in their life cycle. Its objective is to promote sharing of technology experiences from a user perspective. We'll look at promising software components, technologies, and development tools and ask questions about their maturity, applications, readiness, and business cases. Early adopter experience will be highlighted, including how to deal with conflicting product development standards. Our vision is to interpret the software technology hype cycle and provide down-to-earth, useful information for practitioners. The inaugural column is on GUI programming for Microsoft Windows. Although this topic isn't new-we've struggled with it for decades-both Windows and its supporting GUI technologies are changing.
A security policy enforcement framework for controlling IoT tenant applications in the edge (2018)

In the context of edge computing, IoT-as-a-Service (IoTaaS) with IoT data hubs and execution services allow IoT tenant applications (apps) to be executed next to IoT devices, enabling edge analytics and controls. However, this brings up new security challenges on controlling tenant apps in IoTaaS, whilst the great potential of IoTaaS can only be realized by flexible security mechanisms to govern such applications. In this paper, we propose a Model-Driven Security policy enforcement framework, named MDSIoT, for IoT tenant apps deployed in edge servers. This framework allows execution policies specified at the model level and then transformed into the code that can be deployed for policy enforcement at runtime. Moreover, our approach supports for the interoperability of IoT tenant apps when deployed in the edge to access IoTaaS services. The interoperability is enabled by an intermediate proxy layer (gatekeeper) that abstracts underlying communication protocols to the different IoTaaS services from IoT tenant apps. Therefore, our approach supports different IoT tenant apps to be deployed and controlled automatically, independently from their technologies, e.g. programming languages. We have developed a proof-of-concept of the proposed gatekeepers based on ThingML, derived from execution policies. Thanks to the ThingML tool, we can generate platform-specific code of gatekeepers that can be deployed in the edge for controlling IoT tenant apps based on the execution policies.
Direct bidirectional angle-insensitive imaging of the flow signal intensity in Doppler optical coherence tomography (2005)

We introduce a new method, to our knowledge, for direct detection of flow signal intensity by stationary target rejection. In our system, two delay lines are constructed with identical scanning speed and ranging depth. One delay line is used for depth ranging as well as phase modulation, and the other one acts as a full-range retroreflector (FRRR). The signal from this FRRR carries the overall features of local phase modulation, and it is used as the local oscillator for coherent demodulation. With this setup, stationary targets can be rejected at a 4-kHz high-pass cutoff frequency of the filter that follows the demodulator, compared with 20 kHz for conventional fixed-frequency demodulation. This technique features angle insensitivity and provides flow direction as well by implementing standard in-phase and quadrature detection. Besides the direct directional detection of flow signal intensity, flow speed information can be acquired with postprocessing.
Study of proton conduction in thulium-doped barium zirconates at high temperatures (2000)

The specimens of BaZr1-xTmxO3-α (x = 0.02, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15, α = x/2) have been prepared and characterized. The formation of the single perovskite phase in the samples was checked by x-ray diffraction. For the verification of the possible charge carriers in the sintered BaZr1-xTmxO3-α samples, three different electrochemical cell measurements were carried out. The measurements of electromotive force (emf) of hydrogen and steam concentration cells showed that the BaZr1-xTmxO3-α ceramic is a protonic conductor and the measurements of emf of the oxygen concentration cell showed that the BaZr0.90Tm0.10O3-α sample exhibited poor oxide ion conduction. Proton transport number tH was calculated and was found to be dependent on the content, x. The BaZr0.90Tm0.10O3-α sample showed the highest value of proton transport number in the temperature range 500⩽T⩽900 °C.
Lowering the apoptotic threshold in colorectal cancer cells by targeting mitochondria (2010)

It was concluded that doxycycline lowered the apoptotic threshold in HT 29 cells by targeting mitochondria. This also raised possible caspase-independent mechanisms of apoptosis in HT29 cells when pre-treated with doxycycline however this needs further research work.
Let the Needles Do the Talking! Evaluating the New Haven Needle Exchange (1993)

New Haven, Connecticut implemented a needle exchange program in November 1990 to combat the spread of the AIDS virus. We developed a syringe tracking and testing system that provided data for mathematical models of HIV transmission. The models suggest that needle exchange reduced the HIV infection rate among program clients by 33 percent. In response, the Connecticut legislature continued funding the program, expanded needle exchange services to Bridgeport and Hartford, and decriminalized syringe possession. New needle exchange programs and legislation have also been developed in New York City, California, and Massachusetts partially as a result.
Synthesis and performance of fluid loss agents based on different acrylamide monomers (2015)

Acrylamide polymer, as one type of fluid loss agent (FLA), had attracted a strong interest in the applied petroleum research because of its outstanding characteristics of thickening and filtration control. The aim of this study was to synthesize a series of binary FLA using different acrylamide monomers and analyze the effect of monomer structure on the fluid loss control performance of FLA. Three kinds of FLA with the monomer of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) were prepared by polymerization of AMPS with acrylamide (AM), N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMAM), N,N-diethyl acrylamide (DEAM), respectively, and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The results showed that the FLA prepared by AMPS and DMAM (coded as ADM) showed the best water-retaining capacity, which can be attributed to its moderate rigidity group of −CH3. It was also revealed that the tolerance of cement slurry containing ADM to Ca2+ was stronger than that to Mg2+ and Na+.
Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now? (2006)

The brain and nervous system are prone to oxidative stress, and are inadequately equipped with antioxidant defense systems to prevent 'ongoing' oxidative damage, let alone the extra oxidative damage imposed by the neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, increased oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of oxidized aggregated proteins, inflammation, and defects in protein clearance constitute complex intertwined pathologies that conspire to kill neurons. After a long lag period, therapeutic and other interventions based on a knowledge of redox biology are on the horizon for at least some of the neurodegenerative diseases.
Mitotic and meiotic stability of linear plasmids in yeast. (1983)

Circular recombinant DNA plasmids that contain autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs) are maintained in extrachromosomal form in transformed yeast cells. However, these plasmids are unstable, being rapidly lost from cells growing without selection. Although the stability of such a plasmid can be increased by the presence of yeast centromere DNA (CEN), even CEN plasmids are lost at a high rate compared to a bona fide yeast chromosome. Natural yeast chromosomes are linear molecules; therefore, we have asked if linearization can improve the stability of recombinant DNA plasmids. Linear plasmids with and without yeast CENs were constructed in vitro by using termini from the extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila as "telomeres." These linear plasmids transformed yeast at high frequency and were maintained as linear extrachromosomal molecules during mitotic growth. Moreover, linear plasmids containing CENs were also transmitted through meiosis: these plasmids segregate predominantly 2+:2- at the first meiotic division, indicating that Tetrahymena rDNA termini can provide telomere function during yeast meiosis. Linear plasmids without CENs were about as stable in mitosis as the comparable circular plasmid. Thus, the Tetrahymena rDNA termini have no marked positive or negative effect on the mitotic stability of ARS plasmids. However, linear plasmids containing CENs are three to four times less stable in mitotic cells than circular CEN plasmids. This decrease in stability is not due to a functional change in the centromere itself; rather, linearization of a CEN plasmid has a direct detrimental effect on its mitotic stability. These results may reflect the existence of spatial constraints on the positions of centromeres and telomeres, constraints which must be satisfied to achieve stable segregation of chromosomes during mitosis.
Excimer Laser Based Lithography: A Deep-Ultraviolet Wafer Stepper For VLSI Processing (1987)

A deep-ultraviolet step-and-repeat system, operating at 248.4 nm, has been developed by retrofitting a commercial lithography tool with a KrF excimer laser and custom designed, fused silica condenser and projection optics. It is a reduction system with a field size of 14.5 mm and a variable numerical aperture of 0.20 to 0.38. Resolution of 0.5 µm features over the full field is obtained with routine use, and 0.35 µm resolution is attainable under more limited conditions. This paper describes the development and testing of the system, including recent modifications, and discusses some of the technical issues associated with short wavelength excimer laser based lithography.
Autonomous Decentralized Tenant Access Control Model for Sub-tenancy Architecture in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) (2015)

Sub-Tenancy Architecture (STA), is an extension of Multi-Tenancy Architecture (MTA), allows tenants to offer services for subtenant developers to customize their applications in the SaaS infrastructure [1]. In a STA system, tenants are autonomous decentralized entities who can create subtenants, and grant their resources (including private services and data) to their subtenants. The isolation and sharing relations between parent-child tenants, sibling tenants or non-related tenants are more complicated than those between tenants in MTA. It is important to keep resource private, and at the same time, allow them to be shared, and support application customizations for tenants. This paper provides a formal definition of a new tenant-based access control model based on Administrative Role-Based Access Control (ARBAC) for STA in SaaS. Autonomous Areas (AA) and AA-tree are proposed to describe the autonomy of tenants, including their isolation and sharing relationships. Different resource sharing methods are given out to create and deploy the access control scheme in STA models.
Enhancement of docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) through downregulation of survivin (BIRC5), MCL-1 and LTbeta-R in hormone- and drug resistant prostate cancer cell line, DU-145 (2008)

In conclusion, we strongly suggest that docetaxel and ATRA combination is a good candidate for this challenging era of daily oncologic practice. Also, the combination of docetaxel and ATRA might allow a reduction in docetaxel doses and by this way may diminish docetaxel adverse effects while maintaining the therapeutic effect in patients with HRPC.
Convective heat and mass transfer to a cylinder sheathed by a porous layer (2003)

Abstract A systematic study of the flow, heat, and mass transfer around a cylinder sheathed by a second, porous cylinder and placed in a perpendicular turbulent air flow has been performed. The focus of the study was on applications in heat and mass transfer to a clothed human limb in outdoor conditions. Both numerical and experimental investigations have been carried out for the fluid flow. Dimensionless scaling rules have been presented for flow, heat and mass transfer as a function of the free stream Reynolds number, the Darcy number, the dimensionless air resistance of the porous layer, and the dimensionless distance between the outer and inner cylinder. The results have been compared to available data in the literature and to the present experiment. An empirical correlation, which concludes the most important results, has been proposed. The largest reduction of heat and mass transfer due to the sheath layer, compared to that for an uncovered cylinder, was found for intermediate values of the Reynolds number, the flow resistance of the sheath layer, and the thickness of the air gap between solid and sheath cylinder.
Hysteresis Compensation Based on Controlled Current Pulses for Magnetoresistive Sensors (2015)

This paper presents a novel hysteresis compensation method for increasing the measurement accuracy of magnetoresistive (MR) sensors such as anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors. A coil consisting of one winding is processed on top of the sensor element. This configuration allows short current pulses (positive and negative) to generate a defined magnet field, which should be much stronger than the field to be measured. In this case, the MR sensors can always be kept in the same magnetic loop (major loop) during the measurement cycle. By demodulating or averaging the output signal of the sensor, the influence of the sensors hysteresis can be largely reduced. A mixed signal circuit consisting of a field-programmable gate array, analog-to-digital converters and analog switches is used to generate the pulses. AMR, GMR, and TMR current sensors are chosen as examples in the experiment. Current measurements with and without controlled magnetic field pulse are compared. A hysteresis reduction to nearly 20% of the original value, by using the novel hysteresis compensation method, is reached.
Cation‐Exchange Displacement Chromatography of Proteins with Protamine Displacers: Effect of Induced Salt Gradients (1992)

Protamine was investigated for its utility as a protein displacer in cation-exchange systems. Although the protamine solution contained several variants of the molecule, the high affinity of all of the components in this heterogeneous biopolymer enabled it to act as an efficient protein displacer. To facilitate parameter estimation of the protamine, a preliminary purification was carried out by preparative elution chromatography. Chromatographic parameters of both the feed proteins and protamine displacer were obtained for use in a multicomponent steric mass action ion-exchange displacement model. Model simulations were compared to displacement results under both moderate and intense induced salt gradient conditions. In both cases, excellent agreement was obtained between the displacement experiments and theoretical predictions. In addition, these studies serve to dramatize the importance of induced salt gradients in ion-exchange displacement systems.
What Government Efforts Are Being Made to Assist Small Business (1959)

The President's Council of Economic Advisers has stated, 1 The Federal Government makes its greatest contribution to the welfare of small business by following policies that help maintain stable prosperity.A vigorous growing economy offers ample opportunities not only for established firms to grow in size and strength, but also for new businesses to be started.Small businesses are aided in this respect by Federal policies that maintain confidence on the part of investors, businessmen and consumers, that eoncourage risk taking and that preserve and strengthen competition.The best testimonial to the vitality of small business is the number of small businesses in our economy.It is inaccurate to say that small business is in a situation of distress today.The number of small businesses is at the highest level in all history.There were 4,323,ooo businesses as of January i, 1958, an increase of 33,700 over the preceding year.Of this number, nearly 4,2o0,000 may be considered as small.In the preceding year, there was an increase of 43,8oo, and in the year ending January i, 1956, there was an increase of 56,200.After World War II a large number of persons, prompted in part by the opportunities offered in the so-called "G.I. Bill," launched small business ventures.Since many of these people lacked experience, their prospects for survival were doubtful.As was to be expected, there have been casualties in sizable quantity.Despite this, the total number of small businesses has continued to increase.In fact, the number of such businesses in existence today is one-third greater than it was before the war.It should be noted that bankruptcy figures may be misleading, and have, in fact, been subject to wide misinterpretation.Of the total number of bankruptcies in fiscal 1957-73,76i--only 9,535 were business bankruptcies; all the rest were personal bankruptcies.The total bankruptcy figures, including preponderantly personal bankruptcies, therefore, should not be used as a small business indicator.Small businesses benefit from a large number of federal policies and programs adopted to assist business concerns generally, both large and small, and from a growing number of programs designed specifically to help small concerns.I shall describe the most important of these policies and programs. I
Remote Tactile Displays for Future Soldiers (2007)

Abstract : This report is a consolidated description of past work performed to develop the University of Central Florida's tactile belt display system and to evaluate its potential for use as a covert means of communication to the individual warfighter. Previously, the results from these evaluations were distributed as technical reports, meeting presentations, and live demonstrations spanning the past several years. This report documents the full body of work and combines it into one document. Researchers expected the use of tactile displays to reduce demands on and interference with the Soldiers overtaxed visual and auditory channels, thereby improving overall performance capacity and mission readiness. As part of the development process, tactile system characteristics were reviewed and assessed to ensure system effectiveness. Several studies were performed to determine optimal system characteristics. After an effective system was developed, it was evaluated for military applications such as covert communication and target cueing in realistic mission context. This report contains these studies and documents the tactile belt display system's effect on Soldier performance.
Additions of malononitrile radicals to alkenes: new examples of 1,2-asymmetric induction in iodine and phenylselenium transfer reactions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions of malononitrile radicals to alkenes: new examples of 1,2-asymmetric induction in iodine and phenylselenium transfer reactionsDennis P. Curran and Gebhard ThomaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 11, 4436–4437Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00037a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00037a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views580Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts