gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recommendations with Respect to the Improvement of Lubricating Qualities of Synovial Fluid in Artificial Joints (1993)

This paper gives a short description of the lubricating properties of yellow and red bone marrow taken from a femur of a cadaver. The experiments have been conducted on a 'ball-on-plate' model. The balls were made from steel 100 CR6 (German) and the plates were made from the same steel and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, German 'Herulen'). The friction coefficients under loads of 50 and 300 N were determined with different combinations of friction components. It has been found that the lubricating properties of yellow and red marrow have advantages over synovial fluid. In the light of these results the author develops a new approach to the design of a new hip endoprosthesis.
Recent advances in image dehazing (2017)

Images captured in hazy or foggy weather conditions can be seriously degraded by scattering of atmospheric particles, which reduces the contrast, changes the color, and makes the object features difficult to identify by human vision and by some outdoor computer vision systems. Therefore image dehazing is an important issue and has been widely researched in the field of computer vision. The role of image dehazing is to remove the influence of weather factors in order to improve the visual effects of the image and provide benefit to post-processing. This paper reviews the main techniques of image dehazing that have been developed over the past decade. Firstly, we innovatively divide a number of approaches into three categories: image enhancement based methods, image fusion based methods and image restoration based methods. All methods are analyzed and corresponding sub-categories are introduced according to principles and characteristics. Various quality evaluation methods are then described, sorted and discussed in detail. Finally, research progress is summarized and future research directions are suggested.
Visualization of sanitized email logs for spam analysis (2007)

Email has become an integral method of communication. However, it is still plagued by vast amounts of spam. Many statistical techniques, such as Bayesian filtering, have been applied to this problem, and been proven useful. But these techniques in general require training. Another common method of spam prevention is blacklisting known spam sources. In order to do this, the sources must be identified. What this paper presents is a set of visualization techniques designed to show patterns in incoming email which can reveal misidentified pieces of spam, common spam sources, and patterns such as periods of increased spam activity, while maintaining the privacy of the email. This can aid system administrators in rapidly and effectively adjusting system level filters, which would improve the quality of service and decrease the time and resources wasted by spam.
Reference Material 8785: Air Particulate Matter on Filter Media (2005)

Reference Material (RM) 8785 Air Particulate Matter on Filter Media is intended primarily for use in the evaluation of analytical methods used to characterize the carbon composition of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) for national air quality monitoring programs. This RM consists of a fine fraction (nominally < 2.5 μ m aerodynamic diameter) of standard reference material (SRM) 1649a Urban Dust resuspended in air and filtered onto quartz-fiber filters. RM 8785 will also provide the atmospheric-chemistry and ocean-sciences communities with a means to intercompare methods and laboratories for the measurement of elemental (black) carbon. RM 8785 has values assigned for total carbon, elemental carbon, and organic carbon mass fractions measured according to two thermal–optical methods: the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) and Speciation Trends Network–National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (STN–NIOSH) protocols. Each filter is uniquely identified by its air particulate matter (APM) number and its gravimetrically determined mass of fine SRM 1649a. We will discuss the method used to produce RM 8785 and the results of an intermethod and interlaboratory comparison that provided assigned values for the above analytes.
Conjugative transfer of the naturally occurring plasmids of Acetobacter xylinum by IncP-plasmid-mediated mobilization (1986)

Broad-host-range plasmids and cloning vectors were conjugatively transferred to Acetobacter xylinum. One of the plasmids, RP4::Mu cts61, was used for the insertion of Tn1 into the 16-, 44-, and 64-kilobase-pair plasmids of A. xylinum. The Tn1-labeled plasmids could be mobilized by a helper plasmid. Many of the Tn1 insertions affected the copy number of the plasmids.
Neuromuscular impairments in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2011)

Neuromuscular impairments were prevalent in childhood ALL survivors and interfered with physical performance. Higher cumulative doses of vincristine and/or intrathecal methotrexate were associated with long-term neuromuscular impairments, which have implications on future function as these survivors age.
Increasing Capacity of the Clos Structure for Optical Switching Networks (2019)

Clos networks are widely used as an efficient physical structure due to their nonblocking property. However, in strictly nonblocking networks composed of ordinary optical switches (switches with equal numbers of input/output ports), we find that a substantial fraction of ports can remain unused, which decreases the efficiency of Clos networks. This inefficiency comes from the implicit restriction that the two ''sides'' of switches have distinct roles, i.e., ports on one side are connected to endpoints (terminals) while those on the other side are linked to switches. Removing this restriction brings greater freedom in structuring the network and can increase the capacity without losing the strictly nonblocking property. This paper proposes a new physical structure and provides several theorems that address network capacity. Numerical experiments show that our structure increases the capacity by up to about 30%.
MEASUREMENT OF QUADRICEPS MUSCLE WASTING BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY (1980)

Grey-scale ultrasonography can produce an image of the quadriceps muscle from which it is possible to measure its cross-sectional area (CSA). The between-days coefficient of variation for quadriceps CSA (at mid-thigh) in 14 legs of seven subjects each scanned on four days was reduced to 4.0% by averaging four scans on each day. Bilateral scans (at the mid-thigh level) were used to measure the severity of quadriceps wasting in 21 otherwise healthy adult patients with a difference in thigh circumference following unilateral knee immobilization or injury. Quadriceps wasting as demonstrated by the scans was consistently more severe than the disparity in whole thigh cross-sectional area at the same level or the disparity in anthropometric estimates of fat-free thigh volume. Investigations concerned with changes in quadriceps muscle bulk must therefore use a technique (such as ultrasonography) which allows measurement of the quadriceps itself.
Influence of the sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio on Clinical Decision-Making in Women with Suspected Preeclampsia (2016)

The use of the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor test influenced clinical decision making towards appropriate hospitalization in a considerable proportion of women with suspected preeclampsia. This is the first study to demonstrate the impact of angiogenic biomarkers on decision making in a routine clinical practice.
Bubble Detectors and the Assessment of Biological Risk from Space Radiations (1996)

Journal Article Bubble Detectors and the Assessment of Biological Risk from Space Radiations Get access H. Ing, H. Ing Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. McLean, T. McLean Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Noulty, R. Noulty Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Mortimer A. Mortimer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 65, Issue 1-4, 1 June 1996, Pages 421–424, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031677 Published: 01 June 1996
Displacement of bacterial pathogens from mucus and Caco-2 cell surface by lactobacilli (2003)

Competition, competitive exclusion and displacement of eight strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus casei Shirota from adhesion on human intestinal mucus glycoproteins and Caco-2 cell surfaces were studied. Lactobacilli were able to compete with, exclude and displace pathogenic gastrointestinal (GI) bacteria when they were incubated together, but the degree of inhibition of adhesion was bacterial strain-dependent. Competition and exclusion profiles of GI bacteria by lactobacilli were similar. Displacement profiles of GI bacteria were different from those of competition and exclusion and the process was relatively slow: displacement equilibrium took more than 2 h. These findings are important for development, selection and in vitro assessment of target- and function-specific probiotics.
Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation by Complete Compartmentalization of the Left Atrium Using a Catheter Technique (2000)

If reproducible, this ablation strategy could allow treatment of AF independent of suppression of any triggering event.
CD14 is a member of the family of leucine-rich proteins and is encoded by a gene syntenic with multiple receptor genes. (1990)

We have isolated and characterized genomic and cDNA clones encoding the murine homolog of the human monocyte/granulocyte cell surface glycoprotein, CD14. As in man, the expression of murine CD14 is limited to the myeloid lineage. The murine and human CD14 genes are highly conserved in their intron-exon organization and nucleotide sequence. Their deduced protein sequences show 66% amino acid identity. In both mouse and man, the CD14 protein contains a repeating (10 times) leucine-rich motif (LXXLXLX) that is also found in a group of heterogeneous proteins from phylogenetically distant species. The CD14 gene has been mapped to mouse chromosome 18 which also contains at least five genes encoding receptors (Pdgfr, Adrb2r, li, Grl-1, Fms). Thus CD14 and the receptor genes form a conserved syntenic group localized on mouse chromosome 18 and human chromosome 5. The inclusion of CD14 in the family of leucine-rich proteins, its expression profile and the murine chromosomal localization support the hypothesis that CD14 may function as a receptor.
Effect of 6 years of enzyme replacement therapy on plasma and urine glycosaminoglycans in attenuated MPS I patients (2010)

Enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) is a new option for the clinical management of MPS I. However, no detailed data are available on the structural characterization of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the urine and plasma of patients before ERT and during treatment regimens. Before ERT and over a two-week period of enzyme infusion, GAGs in urine and plasma were analyzed in two patients with the Hurler-Scheie form of MPS I subjected to ERT for 6 years. In both patients before ERT, high amounts of a GAG were found in the urine, composed in particular of a high molecular mass polymer (approximately 13,000-13,500) consisting of approximately 75-78% iduronic acid and rich in 4-sulfated disaccharides (DeltaDi4s) and attributable to DS. Furthermore, a high amount of this GAG was directly detected in the blood. Plasma GAGs in MPS I patients subjected to ERT were found to be comparable to those of normal subjects with the absence of heparan sulfate and of DS. On the contrary, a polysaccharide possessing a high molecular mass, approximately 11,500-12,000, lower than the polymer extracted before ERT but slightly higher than the controls (approximately 11,000), was found in the urine of both patients. This macromolecule was characterized as a mixture of DS/chondroitin sulfate based on the high percentage of 4-sulfated disaccharide (4s/6s ratio of approximately 3.1) and iduronic acid ( approximately 60%). These results are indicative of the incapacity of ERT at the standard dose to definitively eliminate DS from the urine. Finally, a variable effect of ERT depending on each administration was also observed.
Detection of Spoofing Attack using Machine Learning based on Multi-Layer Neural Network in Single-Frequency GPS Receivers (2017)

The importance of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and related electronic systems continues to increase in a range of environmental, engineering and navigation applications. However, civilian GPS signals are vulnerable to Radio Frequency (RF) interference. Spoofing is an intentional intervention that aims to force a GPS receiver to acquire and track invalid navigation data. Analysis of spoofing and authentic signal patterns represents the differences as phase, energy and imaginary components of the signal. In this paper, early-late phase, delta, and signal level as the three main features are extracted from the correlation output of the tracking loop. Using these features, spoofing detection can be performed by exploiting conventional machine learning algorithms such as K-Nearest Neighbourhood (KNN) and naive Bayesian classifier. A Neural Network (NN) as a learning machine is a modern computational method for collecting the required knowledge and predicting the output values in complicated systems. This paper presents a new approach for GPS spoofing detection based on multi-layer NN whose inputs are indices of features. Simulation results on a software GPS receiver showed adequate detection accuracy was obtained from NN with a short detection time.
Long Document Classification From Local Word Glimpses via Recurrent Attention Learning (2019)

Document classification requires to extract high-level features from low-level word vectors. Typically, feature extraction by deep neural networks makes use of all words in a document, which cannot scale well for a long document. In this paper, we propose to tackle the long document classification task by incorporating the recurrent attention learning framework, which can produce the discriminative features with significantly less words. Specifically, the core work is to train a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">controller</i> , which can focus its attention on the discriminative parts. Then, the glimpsed feature is extracted by a typical short text level convolutional neural network (CNN) from the focused group of words. The <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">controller</i> locates its attention according to the context information, which consists of the coarse representation of the original document and the memorized glimpsed features. By glimpsing a few groups, the document can be classified by aggregating these glimpsed features and the coarse representation. For our collected 11-class 10 000-word arXiv paper data set, the proposed method outperforms two subsampled deep CNN baseline models by a large margin given much less observed words.
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC INSULATED ALUMINUM CONDUCTOR TELEPHONE CABLE (1966)

The paper reports on a development project for the express purpose of finding a substitute for copper for exchange area telephone cable. It was realized from the beginning that just designing and developing methods and procedures for manufacturing aluminum conductor cable would not be a solution. A complete package must be available. Besides cable manufacture, studies were made of how to install the cable, splice the conductors, terminate the conductors, join cable lengths together, locate and repair trouble, always using suitable mitigating techniques to keep the ogre 'corrosion' from destroying the project.
Cloning of nucleoplasmin from Xenopus laevis oocytes and analysis of its developmental expression. (1987)

Nucleoplasmin is the most abundant protein in the nucleus of Xenopus laevis oocytes. We cloned a cDNA coding for nucleoplasmin from an expression library of immature Xenopus laevis oocytes. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that the carboxyl terminus is very hydrophilic and contains an unusual stretch of 12 glutamic acid residues, which is consistent with one of the proposed functions of nucleoplasmin--that of promoting chromatin assembly. The last 50 amino acids are lysine- and alanine-rich and contain short stretches of homology to histone H1. These regions could be involved in interactions with nucleosomes. The levels of nucleoplasmin mRNA and protein during oogenesis and embryogenesis were investigated using Northern blots, Western blots, and in situ hybridization to oocyte sections. The mRNA is detected during oogenesis but not during embryogenesis, suggesting that nucleoplasmin may be an exclusively maternally expressed gene. However, the protein is present throughout embryogenesis and undergoes pronounced changes in its level of phosphorylation during maturation of the oocyte and just after midblastula transition. These results support the notion that nucleoplasmin is not only important in oocytes but also plays a major role during the rapid cleavages of early embryogenesis.
Use of DNA methylation inhibitors for chemotherapy and chemoprevention of cancer (2015)

Aberrant DNA methylation is a common feature of cancer, which has been targeted for pharmacologic intervention because of its reversible nature. Nucleoside analogs such as 5-azacytidine, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, and zebularine are mechanism-based inhibitors of DNA methylation that are incorporated into the DNA during replication and deplete the DNA methyltransferase enzymes. 5-Azacytidine and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine are extremely potent inhibitors and may be ideal for use in chemotherapy of cancer. Delivery of these inhibitors has been facilitated with the use of short oligonucleotides that prevent enzymatic degradation. On the other hand, zebularine, a more stable and less toxic surrogate of the other two compounds may be best utilized as a chemopreventive agent. Chronic oral administration of zebularine in a murine colon cancer model highlighted its low toxicity and gender- and tissue-specific action against DNA methylation.
Expression of the chronic myelogenous leukemia-associated p210bcr/abl oncoprotein in a murine IL-3 dependent myeloid cell line. (1991)

We have studied the effect of a replication-defective murine retroviral vector expressing the chronic myelogenous leukemia associated oncoprotein p210bcr/abl in murine IL-3 dependent myeloid 32D C13(G) cells. This cell line can be induced to differentiate along either the granulocytic or monocytic lineages thus permitting an independent assessment of the effect of p210bcr/abl on growth and differentiation. Cells expressing p210bcr/abl displayed a complete non-autocrine abrogation of IL-3 dependence and an enhanced response to an activity in FBS which is not IGF-I or IGF-II. During the first few generations following infection with the bcr/abl vector, cells became larger with an increased fraction of cells in G2/M and monocyte/macrophage markers were expressed. Four cytoplasmic proteins phosphorylated in response to IL-3 in the parental cell line with apparent molecular weights of 98, 70, 62, and 52 Kd were amongst those constitutively phosphorylated in p210bcr/abl expressing cells. These results suggest that the functional substitution of IL-3 by p210bcr/abl is due to constitutive activation of proteins involved in IL-3 signal transduction. Alterations of cell differentiation, cell cycle and growth which cannot be attributed to IL-3 like effects indicate that p210bcr/abl has pleiotropic effects involving several other pathways of cellular regulation.
Morphological Predictors of Restenosis After Coronary Stenting in Humans (2002)

Coronary stenting that is accompanied by medial damage or penetration of the stent into a lipid core induces increased arterial inflammation, which is associated with increased neointimal growth. These data suggest the use of stenting strategies that reduce inflammation and neoangiogenesis to reduce the incidence of restenosis.
Detection of abnormal electrocardiograms using a neural network approach (2003)

The results of using an artificial neural network system (ANNS) for detection and recognition of abnormal electrocardiograms in heart-rate-variability studies are reported. The ANNS is trained initially by standard abnormal EKG patterns. Once the network has been trained, it detects abnormal EKGs in real time with less than 10% error. In this particular case the bidirectional associative memory model was used for the neural network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reactome: a knowledge base of biologic pathways and processes (2007)

Reactome http://www.reactome.org, an online curated resource for human pathway data, provides infrastructure for computation across the biologic reaction network. We use Reactome to infer equivalent reactions in multiple nonhuman species, and present data on the reliability of these inferred reactions for the distantly related eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Finally, we describe the use of Reactome both as a learning resource and as a computational tool to aid in the interpretation of microarrays and similar large-scale datasets.
Transverse Process Hooks at Upper Instrumented Vertebra Provide More Gradual Motion Transition Than Pedicle Screws (2014)

N/A.
Exploration of the supramolecular interactions involving tris-dipicolinate lanthanide complexes in protein crystals by a combined biostructural, computational and NMR study (2013)

Incorporating in a non-covalent manner lanthanide derivatives into protein crystals has shown to be of prime interest for X-ray crystallography, insofar as these versatile compounds can co-crystallize with proteins through supramolecular interactions, in addition to being strong anomalous scatterers for anomalous-based diffraction techniques. In this paper, the selective affinity of tris-dipicolinate lanthanide complexes for cationic amino-acid residues is explored, using a panel of experimental (X-ray diffraction, NMR titration) and theoretical methods that provides access to an accurate description of the interaction process.
Simplified Turbidimetric Assay for Lipase Activity (1971)

Abstract Serum lipase is determined by following turbidity changes during two 1-min intervals after adding serum to an olive oil emulsion containing desoxycholate. The olive oil emulsion is simply prepared and is stable for a month under refrigeration. Our observations confirm the findings of other investigators that increases in serum lipase activity are more accentuated than increases in serum amylase activity during pancreatitis. With the present fast and convenient method, serum lipase appears to be a better test for pancreatitis than is serum amylase.
Teaching old compounds new tricks: efficient N<sub>2</sub> fixation by simple Fe(N<sub>2</sub>)(diphosphine)<sub>2</sub> complexes (2016)

The Fe(0) species Fe(N2)(dmpe)2 exists in equilibrium with the previously unreported dimer, [Fe(dmpe2)2(μ-N2)]. For the first time these complexes, alongside Fe(N2)(depe)2, are shown unambiguously to produce N2H4 and/or NH3 upon addition of triflic acid; for Fe(N2)(depe)2 this represents one of the highest electron conversion efficiencies for Fe complexes to date.