gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The complete nucleotide sequence of the adenylate cyclase gene of<i>Escherichia coli</i> (1984)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the cya gene from E. coli was determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide consisting of 848 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 97,542. The deduced protein structure reveals that cyclase is comprised of two domains, an amino-terminal region exhibiting catalytic activity and a carboxy-terminal region possibly carrying regulatory function. The frequent appearance of rare codons in the beginning of the gene as well as the sequence duplication in the promoter-initiator region suggest possible regulation(s) at the translational level. An unknown gene (cyaX) which seems to code for a very hydrophobic protein was found following the cya gene. Sequence analysis suggests that the cyax is a part of the cya operon.
Tensile-strained AlGaAsP and InGaAsP-(AlGa)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P quantum well laser diodes for TM-mode emission in the wavelength range 650 </spl lambda/<850 nm (1994)

TM-polarized laser emission is demonstrated at wavelengths longer than 650 nm, for (AlGa)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P-based laser diodes. These structures contain tensile-strained AlGaAsP or InGaAsP quantum well active regions, which are capable of spanning a wavelength range of roughly 650-850 nm, for TM-mode lasers on GaAs substrates. This represents an extension of the wavelength range available from typical GaInP-(AlGa)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P lasers, where the requirement for biaxial tension limits the TM-mode wavelengths to less than 650 nm. In addition, compared to AlGaAs confining structures, the high-bandgap (AlGa)/sub 0.5/In/sub 0.5/P confinement structure used here makes AlGaAs(P) active regions feasible at shorter wavelengths, with good performance maintained for 670</spl lambda/<700 mn. Likewise, the wavelength range 700</spl lambda/<750 nm, where AlGaAs laser characteristics are diminished, becomes accessible using these materials.<<ETX>>
Enantioselective hydrolysis of (R,S)-naproxen methyl ester using two-step acetone-treated Candida rugosa lipase (2000)

A novel two-step acetone treatment method was developed to enhance the enantioselectivity of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) toward the hydrolysis of racemic naproxen methyl ester. The acetone-treated CRL was considerably more enantioselective than the crude CRL, yielding an enantiomeric excess of 98-100%. The crude and acetone-treated CRLs were subjected to anion exchange chromatography, and their chromatography profiles were compared. In consequence, both chromatography profiles were found to be almost identical, resulting in two separate lipase peaks (lipase A and B). The lipase B, which is known to be less enantioselective, was treated with acetone using a two-step treatment method. The enantioselectivity of acetone-treated lipase B was dramatically increased, yielding an enantiomeric excess of 99 %.
A Wnt-planar polarity pathway instructs neurite branching by restricting F-actin assembly through endosomal signaling (2017)

Spatial arrangement of neurite branching is instructed by both attractive and repulsive cues. Here we show that in C. elegans, the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins specify neurite branching sites in the PLM mechanosensory neurons. Wnts function through MIG-1/Frizzled and the planar cell polarity protein (PCP) VANG-1/Strabismus/Vangl2 to restrict the formation of F-actin patches, which mark branching sites in nascent neurites. We find that VANG-1 promotes Wnt signaling by facilitating Frizzled endocytosis and genetically acts in a common pathway with arr-1/β-arrestin, whose mutation results in defective PLM branching and F-actin patterns similar to those in the Wnt, mig-1 or vang-1 mutants. On the other hand, the UNC-6/Netrin pathway intersects orthogonally with Wnt-PCP signaling to guide PLM branch growth along the dorsal-ventral axis. Our study provides insights for how attractive and repulsive signals coordinate to sculpt neurite branching patterns, which are critical for circuit connectivity.
Endothelial Cell Behavior on Vascular Prosthetic Grafts (1999)

When implanting any vascular prosthetic grafts, one important goal to ensure long-term patency is achieving complete endothelialization of the luminal surface, a process that has rarely been observed clinically in humans. Seeding vascular grafts with endothelial cells has been seen as an attractive approach but has not been clinically convincing. A determining factor may be the type of polymer and surface structure. Using organotypic culture assays, the present investigation studied the effect of different polymers, surface structures, and surface treatments on endothelial cell behavior. The materials tested were polyester (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyesterurethane (PESU), and polyetherurethane (PETU) grafts with different surface structures. The surface treatments on the PET grafts included impregnation with cross-linked albumin, collagen, and gelatin, and treatments with fluoropolymer and electrically conducting polypyrrole polymer. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheets (smooth surface, plain wall) were used as controls. After incubation for 7 days at 37 degrees C, cell adhesion and migration on the different polymers and structures were as follows: woven and knitted PET (high porosity) > PTFE, PESU, PETU hydrophobic (low porosity) > PETU hydrophilic, LDPE, PDMS (no porosity). Cell density results showed no difference between polymers and porous structures and a higher cell density on smooth nonporous surfaces. Compared with the nonimpregnated PET structures, knitted PET treated with albumin, collagen, or gelatin showed slight decreases of cell adhesion. No differences in cell migration and density were reported between any of the PET grafts, except for one polyester graft with a different chemistry than Dacron, which exhibited greater cell migration and lower cell density. Polyester grafts with a fluoropolymer treatment showed lower cell adhesion and migration and higher cell density than the nontreated PET. Finally, the woven PET grafts treated with electrically conducting polypyrrole exhibited contrasting cell behavior depending on the conductivity involved.
Selective molecular recognition, C-H bond activation, and catalysis in nanoscale reaction \nvessels (2004)

Supramolecular chemistry represents a way to mimic enzyme reactivity by using specially designed container molecules. We have shown that a chiral self-assembled M4L6 supramolecular tetrahedron can encapsulate a variety of cationic guests with varying degrees of stereoselectivity. Reactive iridium guests can be encapsulated, and the C−H bond activation of aldehydes occurs with the host cavity controlling the ability of substrates to interact with the metal center based upon size and shape. In addition, the host container can act as a catalyst by itself. By restricting reaction space and preorganizing the substrates into reactive conformations, it accelerates the sigmatropic rearrangement of enammonium cations.
CT identification of bronchopulmonary segments: 50 normal subjects (1984)

A systematic evaluation of the fissures, segmental bronchi and arteries, bronchopulmonary segments, and peripheral pulmonary parenchyma was made from computed tomographic (CT) scans of 50 patients with normal chest radiographs. Seventy percent of the segmental bronchi and 76% of the segmental arteries were identified. Arteries could be traced to their sixth- and seventh-order branches; their orientation to the plane of the CT section allowed gross identification and localization of bronchopulmonary segments.
Electrothermal actuators fabricated in four-level planarized surface-miromachined polycrystalline silicon (1997)

This paper presents the results of tests performed on a variety of electrochemical microactuators and arrays of these actuators fabricated in the SUMMiT process at the U.S. Department of Energy`s Sandia National Laboratories. These results are intended to aid designers of thermally actuated mechanisms, and they apply to similar actuators made in other polysilicon MEMS processes such as the MUMPS process. Measurements include force and deflection versus input power, maximum operating frequency, effects of long term operation, and ideal actuator and array geometries for different applications` force requirements. Also, different methods of arraying these actuators together are compared. It is found that a method using rotary joints, enabled by the advanced features of the SUMMiT fabrication process, is the most efficient array design. The design and operation of a thermally actuated stepper motor is explained to illustrate a useful application of these arrays.
Synthesis, Structure, and Dynamic Behaviour of Transition Metal Chelate Complexes with Atropisomeric Dithioether Ligands (1998)

The preparation and characterization of RhI, PdII, and PtII complexes with chiral C2-symmetrical dithioether ligands derived from 1,1′-binaphthalene-2,2′-dithiol (BINAS) are reported. All complexes are fluxional in solution at room temp. Interconversion between the stereoisomers can take place through conformational equilibration of the chelate ring, and/or inversion of configuration at the stereogenic sulfur. In the solid state the palladium derivative of Me2BINAS shows a twisted chair conformation of the chelate ring, with both methyl groups in equatorial positions.
Multi-Objective Vehicle Layout Optimization (2006)

In this paper, application of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithms is explored for solving multi-objective placement, packing, or layout problems. Placement problems are optimization problems concerned with flnding an optimal arrangement of multiple items in a large containing region while satisfying prescribed requirements and constraints. This study is applied to the conflguration design of U.S. Army FMTV (Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles). Three objective functions are considered: vehicle dynamic performance, survivability and maintainability. The methodology uses several analysis packages to evaluate the fltness of the evolving designs. To achieve better performance, the packing GA is introduced. A test case demonstrates that the developed algorithm is more e‐cient than the traditional GA in solving packing problems.
Dynamic Monitoring of Oncolytic Adenovirus In Vivo by Genetic Capsid Labeling (2006)

Genetic capsid labeling provides a promising approach for the dynamic assessment of oncolytic adenovirus function in vivo.
Variants in <i>TNFAIP3</i>, <i>STAT4</i>, and <i>C12orf30</i> loci associated with multiple autoimmune diseases are also associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (2009)

We have demonstrated associations between JIA and variants in the TNFAIP3, STAT4, and C12orf30 regions that have previously shown associations with other autoimmune diseases, including RA and systemic lupus erythematosus. Our results suggest that clinically distinct autoimmune phenotypes share common genetic susceptibility factors.
Modeling and Prediction of Distribution System Voltage Distortion Caused by Nonlinear Residential Loads (2001)

Electric utilities have expressed concern over increased nonlinear loading of residential power distribution systems. The number and variety of power electronic products found in the typical home continues to grow rapidly, imposing a burden on local power companies to supply reliable, distortion-free service. In order to adequately prepare for the future, utilities must be able to predict the harmonic impact of new power electronic equipment and evaluate the ability of existing power systems to accommodate these nonlinear loads. This paper describes a modeling methodology that uses SPICE simulation software to predict the voltage distortion caused by nonlinear residential loads. Results of applying the methodology to a specific distribution system containing either of two different types of harmonic-rich loads, i.e., variable-speed air conditioners or electric vehicle battery chargers, are presented as well.
Purification and characterization of an amidase from an acrylamide-degrading Rhodococcus sp (1994)

A constitutively expressed aliphatic amidase from a Rhodococcus sp. catalyzing acrylamide deamination was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated to be 360,000. Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified preparation yielded a homogeneous protein band having an apparent molecular weight of about 44,500. The amidase had pH and temperature optima of 8.5 and 40 degrees C, respectively, and its isoelectric point was pH 4.0. The amidase had apparent K(m) values of 1.2, 2.6, 3.0, 2.7, and 5.0 mM for acrylamide, acetamide, butyramide, propionamide, and isobutyramide, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectometry analysis indicated that the enzyme contains 8 mol of iron per mol of the native enzyme. No labile sulfide was detected. The amidase activity was enhanced by, but not dependent on Fe(2+), Ba(2+), and Cr(2+). However, the enzyme activity was partially inhibited by Mg(2+) and totally inhibited in the presence of Ni(2+), Hg(2+), Cu(2+), Co(2+), specific iron chelators, and thiol blocking reagents. The NH2-terminal sequence of the first 18 amino acids displayed 88% homology to the aliphatic amidase of Brevibacterium sp. strain R312.
Knowledge-based support in help-desk environments (2000)

How much does a knowledge based system improve help desk interactions? To investigate the relationship between a KBS and a help desk and to provide a first step in determining the return on investment of KBSs in general, we conducted a study that showed as accurately as possible the impact of a KBS on one of Hewlett-Packard's customer support centers. We organized the study to verify three main assumptions: it takes less time to resolve a call when the analyst uses the KBS; the time saving shows up as a weekly decrease in overall interaction time; using a KBS allows the analyst to solve more kinds of problems than not using it.
Role of Ca-P-F in caries prevention: chemical aspects. (1993)

The fluoride agents used in caries prevention can be divided into two broad categories: systemic and topical, although this division is not exempt from ambiguities. A review is given of the efficacy of systemic (fluoridated water and supplements) and topical agents. The latter include high concentration (12,000 ppm F) solutions, fluoridated dentifrices and mouthrinses. Emphasis is placed on the concept that there is no unique mode of action of the fluoride agents; their beneficial effects are related to different mechanisms depending on the agent and the mode of usage. Chemical models are advanced to explain the effect of the various agents. Of particular interest is the chemistry involved with dentifrices containing dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. It is shown that the presence of this compound greatly enhances fluoride utilisation in in vitro systems simulating the oral environment.
A GIS system for tourism management (2009)

In order to improve all aspects of tourism in any country, it is vital to utilize all available state-of-the art computing and IT technologies and facilities. In this paper, we present our work in this regard as applied to Jordan. Our objective is to build a geographic information system (GIS) model for tourism industries (services) from one side and for officials and conservationist of the historic sites on the other side. This will encourage tourism by providing tourists with all the needed services such as: maps, routes, restaurants, hospitals, Web site with virtual reality models of different monuments and sites. Officials concerned with tourism industries including the private sector, will have an important role in improving and planning the future of their industries using GIS capabilities. Moreover, GIS will enable us to have up-to-date information, recommendation and orientation to tourists to guarantee their security in case of emergency which is a great concern to them. In our GIS creation we included tourism maps scale (1:50,00) and (1:10,000), Ikonos, and spot satellite images to allow maximum information. The GIS covered all cities which have important historical sites including: Amman, Jerash, Madaba, Aqaba and Petra. Existing and newly gathered data were used to enrich our GIS system in order to offer all kind of services to both planners and tourists. The created GIS system will enable the future usage of all modern location-based services. We present here and in depth study for accurate 3D modeling of each historic monument for conservation and registration purposes which was done by our group with international cooperation. Results will be included in the GIS system to enrich it and to allow inside visits to the great ancient history of the sites through a Web site.
Comparison of Estimated Fetal Weights Using Volume and 2-Dimensional Sonography and Their Relationship to Neonatal Markers of Fat (2009)

Sonographically based fetal limb volumes, especially the fractional thigh volume, reflect neonatal fat mass and are better correlated with birth weight.
Monitoring Spatial Patterns around Fixed Points: Comparing Two Distance-Based Approaches (2001)

Abstract In this study, the weighted distance method, which combines the cumulative sum method and the inverse distance, is devised for monitoring spatial patterns of point events around fixed points. It is found the weighted-distance approach can better reveal the cluster scale and is less subject to observations far away from the monitor site than the distance-based method developed by Rogerson and Sun (1999). It is also found that combining the weighted-distance approach and the distance-based approach achieves better results for monitoring spatial patterns or changes in spatial patterns.
Four major antigenic sites of the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus are located on the amino-terminal half of spike glycoprotein S (1990)

Four major antigenic sites have been delineated on the spike protein (S) of the porcine enteric coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) in previous topological studies using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Correlation of these sites with the physical structure of the protein was achieved by use of different approaches. Recombinant pEX plasmids directing the synthesis of various fused S polypeptides were constructed. A hybrid protein containing nine S-specific residues (363 to 371) was shown to express site C epitopes. The other sites were localized through study of the antigenic activity of fragments generated by controlled cleavage of the native protein with different endopeptidases. Two identified cleavage products of 26K and 13K, immunoreactive to site A-B- and site D-specific MAbs respectively, could be aligned on the S primary structure according to N-terminal sequence data. This led us to propose that the major neutralization domain A-B is contained in a region of approximately 200 residues with residue 506 as its N boundary. Similarly, site D epitopes should be located within a stretch of 130 residues, starting at 82 residues from the N terminus. Point mutations identified by direct RNA sequencing of neutralization-resistant mutants were consistent with the proposed location of these sites.
Drug Repositioning by Kernel-Based Integration of Molecular Structure, Molecular Activity, and Phenotype Data (2013)

Computational inference of novel therapeutic values for existing drugs, i.e., drug repositioning, offers the great prospect for faster and low-risk drug development. Previous researches have indicated that chemical structures, target proteins, and side-effects could provide rich information in drug similarity assessment and further disease similarity. However, each single data source is important in its own way and data integration holds the great promise to reposition drug more accurately. Here, we propose a new method for drug repositioning, PreDR (Predict Drug Repositioning), to integrate molecular structure, molecular activity, and phenotype data. Specifically, we characterize drug by profiling in chemical structure, target protein, and side-effects space, and define a kernel function to correlate drugs with diseases. Then we train a support vector machine (SVM) to computationally predict novel drug-disease interactions. PreDR is validated on a well-established drug-disease network with 1,933 interactions among 593 drugs and 313 diseases. By cross-validation, we find that chemical structure, drug target, and side-effects information are all predictive for drug-disease relationships. More experimentally observed drug-disease interactions can be revealed by integrating these three data sources. Comparison with existing methods demonstrates that PreDR is competitive both in accuracy and coverage. Follow-up database search and pathway analysis indicate that our new predictions are worthy of further experimental validation. Particularly several novel predictions are supported by clinical trials databases and this shows the significant prospects of PreDR in future drug treatment. In conclusion, our new method, PreDR, can serve as a useful tool in drug discovery to efficiently identify novel drug-disease interactions. In addition, our heterogeneous data integration framework can be applied to other problems.
Role of electron correlation in determining the binding limit for two-electron atoms (1974)

Using two trial wave functions for a nonlinear variational study, the ground state of the two-electron isoelectronic sequence has been investigated for a continuously variable electron-electron coupling constant $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. These calculations extend the analogous study of the preceding paper by including explicit angular correlation on the one hand, and extra orbital flexibility on the other hand. The results confirm the earlier conclusion that for sufficiently large positive $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ (corresponding to nuclear charge $Z<1$) the ground-state energy penetrates into the continuum as a localized "bound" state, before terminating at a branch-point singularity.