gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Liposomal curcumin inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis after transcatheter arterial embolization in VX2 rabbit liver tumors (2015)

Liposomal curcumin downregulates HIF-1α protein levels and inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis after embolization in VX2 rabbit liver tumors.
A Multimodal Interaction Framework for Pervasive Game Applications (2003)

In this paper we present STARS, a platform for developing computer augmented board games that integrate mobile devices with an interactive table. The aim of STARS is to augment traditional board games with computing functionality, but without sacrificing the human-centered interaction dynamics of traditional tabletop games. STARS consists of a specialized hardware setup and an interaction framework that dynamically couples mobile and stationary input and output devices with the game table. Depending on a current device configuration, different input and output modalities are available which can either be explicitly utilized by the human players or determined by the STARS platform with regard to a set of mode-specific attributes, available interface services, and demands from a specific game logic.
9,10-Anthraquinone Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode and Its Application for Hemoglobin Determination (1998)

The electrochemical behavior of a glassy carbon electrode modified with 9,10-anthraquinone has been investigated in the absence and presence of hemoglobin. The stability of the modified electrode is satisfactory. Cyclic voltammogram of 9,10-anthraquinone modified electrode in 0.15 mol L−1 pH 7.0 phosphate buffer exhibits a redox wave at −0.557 V (vs. SCE). Upon adding hemoglobin in solution, both of the reduction and oxidation currents decrease with increasing peak separation. It was found that the decrease of differential pulse voltammetric current was proportional to the concentration of hemoglobin over the range from 5.0 × 10−8 to 3.0 × 10−7 mol L−1 and from 3.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 (with correlation coefficients of 0.9971 and 0.9982, respectively). A satisfactory result was obtained for the determination of hemoglobin in clinical blood samples.
MvirDB--a microbial database of protein toxins, virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes for bio-defence applications (2006)

Knowledge of toxins, virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes is essential for bio-defense applications aimed at identifying 'functional' signatures for characterizing emerging or engineered pathogens. Whereas genetic signatures identify a pathogen, functional signatures identify what a pathogen is capable of. To facilitate rapid identification of sequences and characterization of genes for signature discovery, we have collected all publicly available (as of this writing), organized sequences representing known toxins, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes in one convenient database, which we believe will be of use to the bio-defense research community. MvirDB integrates DNA and protein sequence information from Tox-Prot, SCORPION, the PRINTS virulence factors, VFDB, TVFac, Islander, ARGO and a subset of VIDA. Entries in MvirDB are hyperlinked back to their original sources. A blast tool allows the user to blast against all DNA or protein sequences in MvirDB, and a browser tool allows the user to search the database to retrieve virulence factor descriptions, sequences, and classifications, and to download sequences of interest. MvirDB has an automated weekly update mechanism. Each protein sequence in MvirDB is annotated using our fully automated protein annotation system and is linked to that system's browser tool. MvirDB can be accessed at http://mvirdb.llnl.gov/.
Courts as Watchdogs of the Washington State Initiative Process (2001)

This Article describes the high rate at which courts have invali- dated Washington initiatives and then explores why this is so. The Article suggests that it is initiative lawmaking's Populist orientation—with respect to both its unfiltered majoritarian processes and its often—constitutionally suspect substance-that makes initiatives vulnerable to legal attack.
Tensile-strained Si layers grown on Si<sub>0.6</sub>Ge<sub>0.4</sub>and Si<sub>0.5</sub>Ge<sub>0.5</sub>virtual substrates: I. Film thickness and morphology (2007)

We have studied the structural properties of tensile-strained Si layers grown on polished Si0.6Ge0.4 and Si0.5Ge0.5 virtual substrates as a function of their thickness. Two gaseous precursor chemistries have been assessed for the reduced pressure?chemical vapour deposition of the sSi layers: SiH2Cl2 at 700 ?C and SiH4 at 600 ?C. We have used specular x-ray reflectivity and spectroscopic ellipsometry to gain access to the sSi layer thickness (and the associated sSi growth rate). The surfaces of sSi layers grown at 600 ?C using SiH4 are characterized by a small spatial wavelength (a few hundred nm) roughness. Meanwhile, some lines along the 1?1?0 directions can be observed for thick sSi layers grown at 700 ?C using SiH2Cl2, hinting at the presence of stacking faults. We obtained (for 10 ?m ? 10 ?m atomic force microscopy images) surface root-mean-square roughness (Z ranges) between 0.19 and 0.36 nm (1.8 and 3.9 nm). By comparison, the rms roughnesses (the Z range) associated with 360 ?m ? 368 ?m optical interferometry images are between 0.7 and 1.4 nm (7.1 and 12.1 nm), with some small amplitude but very long spatial wavelength (tens of ?m) surface cross-hatch remaining on Si0.6Ge0.4 VS. The interfaces between sSi and SiGe are very abrupt, as illustrated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and by the Ge decay profile in secondary ions mass spectrometry: 0.73 nm/decade for sSi on Si0.5Ge0.5 VS and 1.06 nm/decade for sSi on Si0.6Ge0.4 VS, more or less independently of the sSi growth chemistry. The larger value for sSi on Si0.6Ge0.4 VS is most probably due to some instrumental broadening linked to the small remaining cross-hatch.
The complete chloroplast DNA sequence of the green alga <i>Nephroselmis olivacea</i> : Insights into the architecture of ancestral chloroplast genomes (1999)

Green plants seem to form two sister lineages: Chlorophyta, comprising the green algal classes Prasinophyceae, Ulvophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Chlorophyceae, and Streptophyta, comprising the Charophyceae and land plants. We have determined the complete chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequence (200,799 bp) of Nephroselmis olivacea, a member of the class (Prasinophyceae) thought to include descendants of the earliest-diverging green algae. The 127 genes identified in this genome represent the largest gene repertoire among the green algal and land plant cpDNAs completely sequenced to date. Of the Nephroselmis genes, 2 (ycf81 and ftsI, a gene involved in peptidoglycan synthesis) have not been identified in any previously investigated cpDNA; 5 genes [ftsW, rnE, ycf62, rnpB, and trnS(cga)] have been found only in cpDNAs of nongreen algae; and 10 others (ndh genes) have been described only in land plant cpDNAs. Nephroselmis and land plant cpDNAs share the same quadripartite structure-which is characterized by the presence of a large rRNA-encoding inverted repeat and two unequal single-copy regions-and very similar sets of genes in corresponding genomic regions. Given that our phylogenetic analyses place Nephroselmis within the Chlorophyta, these structural characteristics were most likely present in the cpDNA of the common ancestor of chlorophytes and streptophytes. Comparative analyses of chloroplast genomes indicate that the typical quadripartite architecture and gene-partitioning pattern of land plant cpDNAs are ancient features that may have been derived from the genome of the cyanobacterial progenitor of chloroplasts. Our phylogenetic data also offer insight into the chlorophyte ancestor of euglenophyte chloroplasts.
Photocycloaddition of various ketones and aldehydes to vinyl ethers and ketene diethyl acetal (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotocycloaddition of various ketones and aldehydes to vinyl ethers and ketene diethyl acetalSiegfried H. Schroeter and Charles M. Orlando Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 5, 1181–1187Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01257a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01257a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wall growth in mixed bacterial cultures growing on methane (1974)

Abstract The effects of wall growth are described for a mixed methane‐utilizing bacterial population growing in both batch and continuous culture. These effects are similar to those predicted previously by a theoretical analysis (Topiwala and Hamer, 1971).
Abstract: Erawan: Looking Back Through 30 Years of Geologic Thinking (2003)

Abstract Erawan, named for a mythical 3 headed elephant, was discovered in January 1973 with one of the first wells drilled in the Gulf of Thailand. Our ideas concerning the geology of both the field and the Pattani Basin have changed greatly as more wells were drilled and more seismic was shot. Today, over 400 wells have been drilled in Erawan. Little was known about the stratigraphy of the basin when the discovery well (12-1) was drilled. Early investigators merely speculated that subsidence initiated in the Cretaceous Period. Even the limits of the basin were poorly understood. Maps published in the early 1970s show a single, large basin in the Gulf of Thailand, known as the Thai Basin. Today, Erawan field is recognized to lie within the Pattani Trough, one of a number of elongate north south trending basins in the Gulf of Thailand. Drilling has revealed these basins are filled predominately with non-marine sediments of Tertiary age. Early maps of the Erawan structure show a simple anticline with few faults. Three-dimensional seismic later proved that the field was intensely faulted. Failure to recognize the extent of the faulting before initial field development nearly resulted in disaster for Union Oil (now Unocal). Production began to decline almost as soon as the first wells were brought on stream, and the company was forced to write reserves down from 1.6 to 0.6 trillion cubic feet of gas. The field was returned to profitability by drilling innovations, which reduced the cost of development wells from 5 to less than 1 million dollars. Today proven and probable reserves stand near 3 trillion cubic feet. Currently the Erawan structure is mapped as an elongate trend of synthetic and antithetic normal faults that is commonly referred to as a graben trend. Gas is trapped through a combination of structural and stratigraphic factors. While technically correct, the use of the term graben trend has led to misconception about the evolution of both the field and the basin. Most authors have referred to the Pattani as a rift basin, and an early rift origin of the basin is clearly evident on seismic lines. However, most of the productive reservoirs were deposited during a period of regional sag, an interpretation that is supported by isopach mapping and the structural configuration seen on regional seismic lines. Thus the productive trends should more accurately be depicted as hinge trends. Thirty years have passed since Erawan field was discovered, but the elephant has a long life yet to live. Twenty-one well head platforms have been installed, but at least fifteen more are planned to fully develop the field. Ample opportunity exists to continue to challenge our geologic thinking. Presented at: 2005 South East Asia Petroleum Exploration Society (SEAPEX) Conference, Singapore, 2003
Sensor-based robot systems (2003)

Sensor based robot control systems can overcome many of the difficulties of uncertain models and unknown environments which limit the domain of application of current robots used without external sensory feedback. Among various sensors, vision is expected to play a very important role in control of intelligent robot. In this paper robot control systems with vision are firstly discussed. Then a control scheme for a robotic manipulator system is described, which uses visual information to position and orientate the end-effector. Recently there has been increasing interest in upgrading robot intelligence by using multiple sensors. Therefore this paper also focuses on the multiple sensor system, especially sensor integration or fusion schemes. A navigation method for a mobile robot based on cooperation of vision and range sensors is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification of a Cryptococcus neoformans gene that directs expression of the cryptic Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannitol dehydrogenase gene (1996)

The Mtl gene from Cryptococcus neoformans, which confers the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sc4l YJO to grow on mannitol with substantial NAD-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase activity, was identified. Purifications and characterizations of this enzyme show that it is found in polyploid strain BB1, and the peptide sequence of the enzyme helped identify the saccharomyces gene encoding this mannitol dehydrogenase activity. On the other hand, the Mtl gene of C. neoformans encodes a 346-amino-acid protein which is not mannitol dehydrogenase but a regulatory element which is active in a heterologous fungus.
Theoretical and experimental study of the effective linear and nonlinear optical response of nano-structured silicon (2010)

We study the effective optical linear and the effective optical third-order nonlinear response of some Si based nano-structures. Particularly, the optical response of nano-porous silicon layers on crystalline silicon substrate, in function of fill fraction and light wavelength is investigated. Starting from Bruggeman's effective medium theory and Sellmeier's dispersion formalism (for silicon), we derive simplified formulae that describe the dependences of effective optical linear and third-order nonlinear response on both fill fraction and wavelength, in the spectral range covering visible and near-infrared. They are in agreement with the experimental data obtained from reflectivity measurement (in the case of effective linear refractive index) and by reflection intensity scan (in the case of effective third-order nonlinearity). Furthermore, the electronic and thermal nonlinear optical response of periodically nano-patterned and un-patterned silicon-on-insulator (SOI) is also studied using a reflection Z-scan setup with a high-repetition-rate femto-laser (at 800 nm wavelength) and a new procedure for discrimination between electronic and thermal nonlinearities. The electronic nonlinear response of nano-structured SOI is strongly enhanced in comparison with those of un-patterned SOI.
Concept of a combined short circuit limiter and series compensator (power lines) (1991)

A novel concept for a combined short circuit limiter and dynamic series compensator is presented. The device consists of a fixed capacitor, thyristor switched capacitors, and a thyristor switch inductance. The circuit is designed to regulate the impedance in steps. The series compensation is controlled by the capacitors switching on and off, while the current limitation is achieved by the insertion of a resonant LC circuit in the transmission line. The thyristor switches are operated at zero current crossing, which eliminates the harmonics generation. The system operation has been analyzed and realistic components have been selected. The results have demonstrated that the device can regulate the short circuit current. It can be built with commercially available components; the significant operation improvement is expected to justify the cost of the new device.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reinforcement Learning to adjust Robot Movements to New Situations (2010)

Many complex robot motor skills can be represented using elementary movements, and there exist efficient techniques for learning parametrized motor plans using demonstrations and self-improvement. However, in many cases, the robot currently needs to learn a new elementary movement even if a parametrized motor plan exists that covers a similar, related situation. Clearly, a method is needed that modulates the elementary movement through the meta-parameters of its representation. In this paper, we show how to learn such mappings from circumstances to meta-parameters using reinforcement learning. We introduce an appropriate reinforcement learning algorithm based on a kernelized version of the reward-weighted regression. We compare this algorithm to several previous methods on a toy example and show that it performs well in comparison to standard algorithms. Subsequently, we show two robot applications of the presented setup; i.e., the generalization of throwing movements in darts, and of hitting movements in table tennis. We show that both tasks can be learned successfully using simulated and real robots.
Temporal changes in matrix protein synthesis and mRNA expression during mineralized tissue formation by adult rat bone marrow cells in culture (1994)

To characterize the bone-like tissue produced by rat bone marrow cells (RBMC) from young adult femurs, the synthesis of bone proteins and the expression of their mRNA were studied in vitro. RBMC plated at a density of 5 x 10(3) cells/cm2 and grown in the presence of 10(-8) M dexamethasone (Dex) and 10 mM beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP) produced mineralized bone nodules, which were first evident at day 3 and increased markedly to day 13. However, in the absence of dexamethasone, few mineralized nodules were observed. The formation of mineralized nodules was reflected by the uptake of 45Ca, which also increased markedly to day 13. Analysis of bone protein expression by Northern and slot-blot hybridizations revealed an increase in mRNA levels of collagen type I (Col I), osteonectin/SPARC (ON), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteocalcin (OC) during the formation of mineralized nodules. Whereas the Col I, ON, ALP, and OPN mRNAs were expressed before the formation of mineralized nodules was evident and were also expressed at various levels in the absence of Dex, the expression of BSP and OC mRNA was induced in the bone-forming cultures. The expression of BSP mRNA was correlated temporally with bone tissue formation, reaching maximal levels on day 16. In contrast, OC mRNA was expressed later and, following induction, increased over the 28 day culture period. Production of matrix proteins during the rapid formation of the bone tissue appeared to reflect the levels of the respective mRNAs. However, whereas some of the collagen and almost all of the SPARC were secreted into the culture medium, virtually all of the OPN and most of the BSP were extracted from the mineralized tissue matrix with EDTA. Some OPN and BSP were present in the medium, especially early in the culture, and a significant amount of BSP was also found associated with the collagenous tissue matrix. These studies point to the importance of Col I, ALP, OPN, and BSP, but not ON or OC, in the initial formation of bone tissue.
Spatiotemporal Beamforming: A Transparent and Unified Decoding Approach to Synchronous Visual Brain-Computer Interfacing (2017)

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) decode brain activity with the aim to establish a direct communication channel with an external device. Albeit they have been hailed to (re-)establish communication in persons suffering from severe motor- and/or communication disabilities, only recently BCI applications have been challenging other assistive technologies. Owing to their considerably increased performance and the advent of affordable technological solutions, BCI technology is expected to trigger a paradigm shift not only in assistive technology but also in the way we will interface with technology. However, the flipside of the quest for accuracy and speed is most evident in EEG-based visual BCI where it has led to a gamut of increasingly complex classifiers, tailored to the needs of specific stimulation paradigms and use contexts. In this contribution, we argue that spatiotemporal beamforming can serve several synchronous visual BCI paradigms. We demonstrate this for three popular visual paradigms even without attempting to optimizing their electrode sets. For each selectable target, a spatiotemporal beamformer is applied to assess whether the corresponding signal-of-interest is present in the preprocessed multichannel EEG signals. The target with the highest beamformer output is then selected by the decoder (maximum selection). In addition to this simple selection rule, we also investigated whether interactions between beamformer outputs could be employed to increase accuracy by combining the outputs for all targets into a feature vector and applying three common classification algorithms. The results show that the accuracy of spatiotemporal beamforming with maximum selection is at par with that of the classification algorithms and interactions between beamformer outputs do not further improve that accuracy.
Polyamines influence transglutaminase activity and cell migration in two cell lines (1994)

Transglutaminases (TGAs) catalyze the cross-linking of proteins through formation of gamma-glutaminyl-epsilon-lysine bonds and incorporation of small-molecular-weight amines, including polyamines, into the gamma-glutamine sites of proteins. Tissue TGA has been shown to establish covalent cross-links between cytoskeletal proteins using polyamines as substrates, and protein-polyamine conjugates have been identified in a variety of cells. We have shown previously that polyamines are required for cell migration in IEC-6 cells [S. A. McCormack, M. J. Viar, and L. R. Johnson. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 27): G367-G374, 1993]. In this study, we explored the relationship between cell migration, polyamines, and tissue TGA activity in two cell lines and found that while both IEC-6 and Caco-2 cells required normal levels of polyamines to migrate across a denuded surface, tissue TGA activity responded differently to polyamine deficiency brought about by treatment with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). DFMO is a specific and irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis. In IEC-6 cells, tissue TGA activity decreased significantly with DFMO treatment concurrent with a rise in inactive TGA protein as measured by Western blot analysis. On the other hand, in Caco-2 cells, tissue TGA activity and protein increased significantly with DFMO treatment. In both cell lines, addition of polyamines to the DFMO treatment restored cell migration, tissue TGA activity, and protein to control levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)