gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combination of Multiple Spatial-temporal Slices for Fast Human Tracking (2013)

针对传统人体跟踪方法中目标模型复杂、计算量大等问题，该文提出一种无目标模型的多层时空切片联合的人体跟踪算法。用多层时空切片中的多个动态区域表示人体，区域的选择无需使用任何预定义的目标区域模型。使用时空切片方法在图像序列空间中提取多层水平时空切片图像，在每层时空切片图像中，检测和跟踪潜在的运动区域，并根据区域运动一致性和空间一致性关系，将多个区域关联成不同的人体目标，实现多个人体目标的跟踪，从而将XYT 3维空间中的人体跟踪问题转化为多个XT 2维空间的区域联合跟踪问题。实验表明，该算法降低了跟踪的轨迹误差，满足实时性跟踪要求，同时通过多区域的联合增强了跟踪算法的抗干扰能力，即在人体部分区域丢失的情况下仍能有效跟踪。
5-(Hydroxymethyl)oxazoles:  Versatile Scaffolds for Combinatorial Solid-Phase Synthesis of 5-Substituted Oxazoles (2000)

A scheme combining the preparation of building blocks in solution followed by solid-phase combinatorial chemistry has been developed to side-chain diversify 5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazole scaffold (1) into aryl ethers, thioethers, sulfones, sulfonamides, and carboxamides. Protected heterocyclic scaffolds 2 were linked to the solid phase and N-terminal derivatized using active ester chemistry, providing chemset 4¿1-4,1-4¿. The free side-chain hydroxyl of 4 was smoothly converted to aryl ethers 6 under Mitsunobu conditions, with a broad range of substituted phenols. Alternatively, quantitative conversion of hydroxyl to bromide followed by displacement with alkyl and aryl thiols gave thioethers 8. Thioethers were optionally oxidized to sulfones 9. Bromide displacement by azide, followed by reduction to amine and acylation with a range of carboxylic acids and sulfonyl chlorides gave carboxamides 11 and sulfonamides 13, respectively. Crude purity at typically >90% was observed for each of the five modifications detailed. A series of 20 compounds, exemplifying each modification, was reprepared, purified, and fully characterized.
Multiple-Valued Constant-Power Adder for Cryptographic Processors (2009)

This paper presents the design of a multiple-valued adder for tamper-resistant cryptographic processors. The proposed adder is implemented in multiple-valued current-mode logic (MV-CML). The important feature of MV-CML is that the power consumption can be constant regardless of the input values, which makes it possible to prevent power analysis attacks using dependencies between power consumption and intermediate values or operations of the executed cryptographic algorithms. In this paper, we present a multiple-valued constant-power adder based on the binary positive-digit (PD) number system and its application to RSA processors. The power characteristic of the proposed adder is evaluated with HSPICE simulation using 90 nm process technology. The proposed design can achieve constant power consumption with low performance overhead in comparison with the conventional binary design.
Host and non‐host pathogens elicit different jasmonate/ethylene responses in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2004)

Arabidopsis does not support the growth and asexual reproduction of the barley pathogen, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei Bgh). A majority of germlings fail to penetrate the epidermal cell wall and papillae. To gain additional insight into this interaction, we determined whether the salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonate (JA)/ethylene (ET) defence pathways played a role in blocking barley powdery mildew infections. Only the eds1 mutant and NahG transgenics supported a modest increase in penetration success by the barley powdery mildew. We also compared the global gene expression patterns of Arabidopsis inoculated with the non-host barley powdery mildew to those inoculated with a virulent, host powdery mildew, Erysiphe cichoracearum. Genes repressed by inoculations with non-host and host powdery mildews relative to non-inoculated control plants accounted for two-thirds of the differentially expressed genes. A majority of these genes encoded components of photosynthesis and general metabolism. Consistent with this observation, Arabidopsis growth was inhibited following inoculation with Bgh, suggesting a shift in resource allocation from growth to defence. A number of defence-associated genes were induced during both interactions. These genes likely are components of basal defence responses, which do not effectively block host powdery mildew infections. In addition, genes encoding defensins, anti-microbial peptides whose expression is under the control of the JA/ET signalling pathway, were induced exclusively by non-host pathogens. Ectopic activation of JA/ET signalling protected Arabidopsis against two biotrophic host pathogens. Taken together, these data suggest that biotrophic host pathogens must either suppress or fail to elicit the JA/ET signal transduction pathway.
High-resolution RFLP mapping of the fertility restoration (Rf3) gene against Triticum timopheevi cytoplasm located on chromosome 1BS of common wheat. (1997)

Near-isogenic lines of alloplasmic wheat for the Rf3 gene controlling fertility restoration against the cytoplasm of Triticum timopheevi were developed by successive backcrossing of Chinese Spring to the F1 plants between (timopheevi)-CS (male sterile) and T. spelta (carrying Rf3). The resultant three BC3F1 plants were self-pollinated so as to obtain 125 BC3F2 progenies. Using this population, we precisely mapped the Rf3 gene on the short arm of wheat chromosome 1B (1BS) of the RFLP linkage map. The Rf3 gene was localized at a position 1.2 cM and 2.6 cM distant from Xcdo388 and Xabc156, respectively. The genetic distances of Rf3 from Nor and Gli-B1 were calculated to be 22.3 cM and 18.6 cM, respectively, supporting previous data. Estimation of the physical distance of the region suggets that the Rf3 gene resides within 500 kbp from the adjacent RFLP markers. The marker order of the genetic map corresponded to that of the cytological map, except for the position of Xbcd98. Comparison between genetic and cytological maps clearly shows that RFLP markers are unevenly distributed throughout the chromosome arm, and recombinations took place unequally in the chromosome arm.
Template-Directed Synthesis of Nets Based upon Octahemioctahedral Cages That Encapsulate Catalytically Active Metalloporphyrins (2011)

meso-Tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine tetratosylate (TMPyP) templates the synthesis of six new metal-organic materials by the reaction of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate with transition metals, five of which exhibit HKUST-1 or tbo topology (M = Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Mg). The resulting materials, porph@MOMs, selectively encapsulate the corresponding metalloporphyrins in octahemioctahedral cages and can serve as size-selective heterogeneous catalysts for oxidation of olefins.
Organic field-effect transistors based on heterocyclic co-oligomers containing a pyrazine ring (2007)

New oligomers containing a pyrazine unit have been prepared: the bithienyl derivatives afforded p-type FET devices whereas the trifluoromethylphenyl derivatives showed n-type FET behavior.
Polymorphic barium thioaluminate electroluminescent phosphor materials (2006)

Polymorphic barium thioaluminate crystal phases have been synthesized and their luminescent properties have been evaluated in hybrid electroluminescent devices. The electroluminescent devices employ mixed phase thin film europium activated barium thioaluminate phosphors and thick film dielectric layers. The crystal structures of two polymorphic phases were determined and x-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the relative quantity of three barium thioaluminate crystal phases that were found in the synthesized phosphor films. The electroluminescent properties of these mixed phase films as a function of the relative concentrations of the three identified phases are reported.
Cost of OR Time is $46.04 per Minute (2022)

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to establish a consensus estimate of operating room cost per minute based on currently published literature. Design: Literature review. Main outcome measurement: Operating room cost per unit time. Results and conclusions: Google Scholar search produced 51 articles regarding ““operating room cost per minute” of which 14 had novel estimates for OR cost per minute. The mean of these estimates was $46.04 ± $32.31. There was little consistency in methodology among the included articles, which is reflected in the large range of values. Level of Evidence: IV; Review Keywords: Business, management, human resources, cost, value, efficiency. (J Ortho Business 2022; Volume 2, Issue 4: Pages)
Review of development of phase change cold storage technology for food cold chain application (2015)

This paper reviews the recent development of phase change cold storage technology for food cold chain application. According to the application field of cold chain, developments of phase change cold storage technology in cold storage and low temperature transport are introduced separately, such as hold-over plate refrigerated storage, hold-over plate refrigerated vehicle, cold storage type transport incubators. Numerical simulations using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS FLUENT to characterize the temperature distribution in cold storage plate and hold-over plate refrigerated vehicle in charging process is reported. The results indicate that the charging capacity increase with the heat transfer fluid flow rate increase when the inlet temperature remains constant. Application of phase change cold storage technology in field of refrigeration transportation equipment has huge development prospect.
Glucocorticoid Osteoporosis (1994)

Glucocorticoids act on calcium metabolism at many levels to produce osteoporosis, the major pathogenic effect probably being an inhibition of bone formation. In men, this is likely to be contributed to by a dose-related reduction in circulating testosterone concentrations. Bone density is reduced 10-20% at the commonly assessed sites, but deficits of twice this magnitude are found in trabecular bone. Dose and duration of steroid treatment influence the degree of osteopenia, but biochemical indexes of calcium metabolism are not predictive. In managing a steroid-treated patient, bone densitometry is usually helpful. Those with low densities should optimize their calcium intake, and those with sex hormone deficiency should receive appropriate replacement therapy. If bone loss is severe or continues despite these measures, the addition of bisphosphonate, calcitonin, fluoride, or a vitamin D metabolite may be appropriate, according to local availability. Thiazide diuretics can be combined with all these regimens. If thiazide diuretics are combined with vitamin D or its metabolites, careful monitoring of serum calcium should be undertaken. Bone density should be monitored annually until it is stable.
소셜커머스 이용행동에 따른 헤어서비스 추구혜택과 서비스 불만족 및 평가차이 (2014)

This study will study the benefits sought hair services and service dissatisfaction and evaluated using difference in social commerce action, object of the present invention is to provide a basis for marketing and the result is as follows. Social commerce is the buying and the experience of many, that's why the price or discount level, often using social commerce company Kupang, Timon, Wemakeprice order to purchase items were mainly found most relevant products. Hair also social commerce service benefits sought-dimensional seek convenient, economic pursuit, pursuit trust, four levels of service to pursue, unsatisfactory service skills shortages factors, two of the post-treatment anxiety, hair-service evaluation is a provider satisfaction, service satisfaction, I know the results of the buying experience that is convenient to pursue collective action using the differences in social commerce, but no difference according to the perception that the presence of more highly. Showed dissatisfaction is higher in the group that knows the social commerce hair services, assessments have been shown to increase awareness in the community who do not know the social commerce hair services. The study concluded that social commerce through hair services over dissatisfaction with services technology factors were lack of post-treatment anxiety. In other words, are needed social commerce services for a variety of hair services. Also build trust for the content, rather than just convenience to emphasize aspects of social commerce, if you release a variety of products from many vendors hair services social commerce market will grow more than the present.
Campylobacter-like organisms isolated from gastric mucosa of ferrets. (1986)

Campylobacter-like organisms (CLO) were isolated from gastric lesions in 1 ferret and gastric mucosa of 2 healthy ferrets. The organism was not isolated from biopsies of gastric mucosa of 14 other healthy ferrets, 1 of which had small gastric lesions located at the pylorus. Lesions from which CLO were isolated were located in the antrum of 1 ferret and were classified as inflammation with repair. Affected gastric tissue was highly vascularized with fibrous connective tissue surrounding irregularly shaped glands. Necrosis and ulceration of adjacent mucosa also were observed. Using Warthin-Starry stain, Campylobacter-like organisms were seen on and in the glandular epithelium of the ferret with gastric lesions from which CLO were isolated.
Biphoton spectroscopy of YAG:Er<sup>3+</sup> crystal (2007)

The absorption spectrum of Er 3+ ions in YAG crystal in the range from 645 nm to 655 nm was measured with the resolution of 0.01 nm using the frequency-anticorrelated broadband photon pairs (biphotons) generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The spectrum of the sample was measured by counting the coincidences when the impurity crystal was placed in front of the signal photon detector, whilst the wavelength of the idler photons was resolved by a monochromator which was placed in front of another photon detector. The results are in agreement with those obtained by the usual intensity measurements with a classical light source and a monochromator. It was shown experimentally that the biphoton spectroscopy, unlike the usual single photon spectroscopy, allows one to obtain the spectroscopic information in the presence of an external noise such as background thermal radiation.
Systematic assessment of secondary bile acid metabolism in gut microbes reveals distinct metabolic capabilities in inflammatory bowel disease (2019)

This large-scale modeling approach provides a novel way of analyzing metagenomics data to accelerate our understanding of the metabolic interactions between the host and gut microbiomes in health and diseases states. Our models and tools are freely available to the scientific community.
Cylindrical Mode of Oscillation in a Ruby Optical Maser (1963)

A particular type of mode in optical maser oscillation was obtained with a ruby rod having parallel-plate resonator with a central hole in one of the reflector coatings. The oscillation has occurred in a region of cylindrical pipe distributed coaxially with the ruby rod. Around the periphery of the active region of annular-shape on the end-surface of the rod, a standing wave of the azimuthal mode number of about 225±10 has been formed with a good spatial coherence. The far-field pattern of annular-shape accompanied by fine radial fringes was observed, and it was well interpreted on the basis of Fraunhofer diffraction theory. The reason for the occurrence of particular azimuthal mode number was attributed to the slightly concave nature of the reflectors. The experimental results on the associated relaxation oscillation of a particular type are briefly described.
Protection from Infection with Haemophilus influenzae Type b by Monoclonal Antibody to the Capsule (1982)

Monoclonal antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae type b were produced by fusing splenic lymphocytes from immunized C57BL/6 mice with the mouse myeloma line P3-X63-Ag8.653. The antibody produced by one hybridoma (5M1H9) bound the capsular polysaccharide, as determined by a radiolabeled antigen-binding assay. The antibody was of the IgM class and was bactericidal in vitro with complement. The protective and therapeutic capacity of antibody 5M1H9 was examined in the infant rat model of H. influenzae type b disease. Antibody (0.1 ml), either undiluted or diluted 1:2, 1:10, or 1:100, administered 4 hr before intraperitoneal injection of 10(4)-10(5) H. influenzae type b organisms protected 100%, 90%,. 55% and 10% of the animals, respectively. To determine the efficacy of antibody 5M1H9 in treating established infection, antibody was given at 24-hr intervals after intraperitoneal injection of bacteria. Delayed administration of antibody 5M1H9 was effective in reducing both the level and incidence of bacteremia.
Post‐processing and assembly of reflective microdisplays (1999)

Abstract— The performance and manufacturability of reflective displays can be enhanced by planarization, post‐processing, and integrated assembly. Simplified methods for planarization and assembly of liquid‐crystal‐on‐silicon (LCOS) microdisplays using polymeric resins are presented. Spin‐cast benzocyclobutene (BCB) resin shows a six‐fold reduction in step height on the surface of a typical LCOS backplane, at a cost significantly less than chemical mechanical polishing. Methods for dry‐etching low‐resistance contacts to the underlying circuitry and depositing high‐reflectivity mirrors have been developed. In addition, photo‐definable BCB resin has been utilized as both a spacer and adhesive technology in miniature‐display assembly. Cell‐gap thicknesses of 0.9–2.4 μm with 50–100‐nm cell‐gap variation and bonding shear strengths of 3200 ± 460 psi have been demonstrated, leading to wafer‐scale assembly of LCOS cells. The photo‐BCB spacer and adhesive technology is compatible with common liquid‐crystal‐alignment techniques. In this paper, the methods and results of LCOS backplane planarization, post‐processing, and integrated display assembly are described.
Incorporating Background Invariance into Feature-Based Object Recognition (2005)

Current feature-based object recognition methods use information derived from local image patches. For robustness, features are engineered for invariance to various transformations, such as rotation, scaling, or affine warping. When patches overlap object boundaries, however, errors in both detection and matching will almost certainly occur due to inclusion of unwanted background pixels. This is common in real images, which often contain significant background clutter, objects which are not heavily textured, or objects which occupy a relatively small portion of the image. We suggest improvements to the popular scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) which incorporate local object boundary information. The resulting feature detection and descriptor creation processes are invariant to changes in background. We call this method the background and scale invariant feature transform (BSIFT). We demonstrate BSIFT's superior performance in feature detection and matching on synthetic and natural images.
3.0T MR clinical application of 3D-TOF-MRA on head and neck (2013)

Objective To evaluate3 D-TOF-MRA show blood vessels of head and neck and discuss the value of clinical application of 3D-TOF-MRA on vascular disease of head and neck.Methods Thirty patients suspected of having blood vessel diseases underwent 3D-TOF-MRA,The satisfying 3D arterial image of head and neck in any position or arbitrary angle was obtained through 3D MIP resconstrction of the subtraction images and intergration of anteropisterior images,and evaluate the image quality and classify the degree of hemal stricture.Results 3D-TOF-MRA were performed in 30 patients with suspected vascular disease of head and neck.The image quality and displaying of vessels were evaluated,all the images can satisfy the diagnosis requirements.Conclusion 3D-TOF-MRA is reliable and rapid method of the image of noninvasive blood vessels.Compared with DSA,there is a good consistency in the evaluation of the neck and proximal intracranial vascular.
Activation of Porcine Oocytes Via an Exogenously Introduced Rat Muscarinic M1 Receptor1 (1997)

Thirty hours after the beginning of in vitro maturation, porcine oocytes were microinjected with mRNA coding for the rat muscarinic M1 receptor. They were then incubated for 15 h to allow sufficient time for completing maturation, translation of the mRNA, and insertion of the receptor into the plasma membrane. They were then treated with acetylcholine, the receptor's agonist, and its effect on inducing various activation-related changes was examined. Acetylcholine treatment triggered the release of Ca2+ from internal stores that could be blocked by atropine, the receptor's antagonist. The Ca2+ release was probably mediated via a G protein, since prior injection of guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP-beta-S) totally inhibited the effect of the agonist. Pertussis toxin (PT) had no effect on the Ca2+ transients induced by acetylcholine, suggesting that the signal transduction pathway involved a PT-insensitive G protein. Electron microscopy revealed that in the injected oocytes, acetylcholine induced cortical granule exocytosis. The oocytes were released from meiotic arrest as evidenced by the decrease in H1 kinase activity measured in the oocytes during the histone H1 kinase assay. After resuming meiosis they entered interphase: 58.8% of the injected oocytes formed pronuclei after incubation with the agonist. Injection without subsequent acetylcholine treatment, or acetylcholine incubation without prior injection with the receptor mRNA, did not cause these changes. The results provide further evidence that the components of a G protein-mediated signal transduction pathway exist in porcine oocytes and that the activation of this pathway via an exogenously supplied G protein-coupled receptor results in a full complement of oocyte activation events. Whether this pathway transduces the activating signal at sperm-induced oocyte activation requires further examination.
A Proposed Novel MPN GaAs Schottky Barrier Solar Cell (1978)

Theoretical analysis for a novel Au-P-N GaAs Schottky barrier solar cell has been made in this paper. It is shown for the first time that barrier height equal to the energy band gap of GaAs can be obtained in the proposed structure if the thickness and dopant density of the p-layer are properly selected. Calculations of the barrier height as functions of the thickness and dopant density of the p-layer and n-substrate have been carried out for a Au-P-N GaAs Schottky barrier cell. It is shown that AMO conversion efficiency around 22% can be achieved in such a cell when ND=1016 cm-3, NA=8 ×1018 cm-3, and W=100 Å are chosen. The proposed structure can be readily fabricated by growing a thin p-GaAs layer, using epitaxial or ion-implantation techniques on n-GaAs substrate, followed by depositing a 100 Å gold film on top of this p-n structure.
Beiträge zur Chemie der 4‐Hydroxyindol‐Verbindungen 10. Mitteilung über synthetische indolverbindungen [1] (1971)

Abstract Catalytic hydrogenation of 4‐benzyloxyindoles does not stop at the hydroxyindole stage, but slowly leads to the 4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐4‐ox‐indoles 3 . Some procedures for the selective preparation of 4‐hydroxyindoles 2 are described. When 4‐benzyloxy‐3‐(1‐hydroxyimino‐ethyl)‐indole ( 4c ) is warmed with trifluoroacetic acid, cleavage of the ether results as well as partial benzylation of the free hydroxyindole in the position 5 ( 5a, 5b ); no Beckmann rearrangement is observed. Esters of 4‐benzyloxy‐indole‐2‐carboxylic acid are formylated with POCl 3 /dimethylformamide in the 7‐position to give 7a ; in the corresponding dimethylamide, on the other hand, the formyl group enters the 3‐position to give 8 . Both 4‐ and 7‐hydroxyindole are oxidized with Frémy's salt to the 4, 7‐quinone 13 ; on reduction this yields 4, 7‐dihydroxyindole 14 , which is tautomerized by base‐catalysis to 5, 6‐dihydro‐4, 7‐dioxo‐indole 15 . The course of the etherification of 4‐hydroxyindoles with epichlorohydrin and related compounds is described, and the resulting side‐chains are characterized by their NMR. spectra.