gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
β-SiC nanorods synthesized by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (1999)

A one-step procedure has been developed to grow β-SiC nanorods from a solid carbon and silicon source on a Si substrate by hot filament chemical vapor deposition. This process is catalyzed by metallic particles which come from impurities in the solid source which is a plate made by pressing a mixture graphite and silicon powders at 150 °C. Hydrogen was introduced into the reaction chamber to react with the solid plate to produce hydrocarbon and hydrosilicon radicals which presumably reacted to form SiC nanorods. The nanorods consisted of a crystalline β-SiC core with an amorphous silicon oxide shell layer and grew along the [100] direction. The nanorods were 10–30 nm in diameter and less than 1 μm in length.
Designer Genetic Algorithms: Genetic Algorithms in Structure Design. (1991)

This paper considers the problem of using genetic algorithms to design structures. We relax one constraint on classical genetic algorithms and describe a genetic algorithm that uses differential information about search direction to design structures. This differential information is captured by a masked crossover operator which also removes the bias toward short schemas. We analyze performance and present some preliminary results. Further, consideration of this problem suggests a partial solution to the identification of the deception problem. 1 INTRODUCTION The problem of designing structures is pervasive in science and engineering. The problem is: Given a function and some materials to work with, design a structure that performs this function subject to certain constraints. As an example of the design problem, consider the combinational circuit design problem: Given a set of logic gates, design a circuit that performs a desired function. Two instantiations of this problem are the...
Experimental Comparison of Automatic TLD Readout Systems (1990)

Journal Article Experimental Comparison of Automatic TLD Readout Systems Get access E. Casal, E. Casal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.A. Gil, J.A. Gil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. Lorca, N. Lorca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.M. Martinez J.M. Martinez Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 30, Issue 1, 1 January 1990, Pages 23–31, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080596 Published: 01 January 1990
Measurement of near fields of antennas and scatterers (1973)

A tutorial review of techniques used for the measurement of near-fields of antennas and scatterers, and an extensive bibliography of the readily available literature in this area, are presented.
Effect of azone and propylene glycol on penetration of trifluorothymidine through skin and efficacy of different topical formulations against cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in guinea pigs (1984)

Tropical formulations of 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (TFT) containing different concentrations of TFT, Azone (Nelson Research and Development, Irvine, Calif.), and propylene glycol were evaluated for their potential efficacy in the treatment of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections by in vitro studies of TFT penetration through skin and in vivo studies of therapeutic activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in the dorsal cutaneous guinea pig model. Azone dramatically increased TFT penetration through human and guinea pig skin. Unexpectedly, high concentrations of propylene glycol were also associated with increased penetration. Studies in the guinea pig model revealed increased efficacy with Azone-propylene glycol-containing formulations, consistent with the in vitro drug diffusion results. A formulation containing 1% TFT, 5% Azone, and 80% propylene glycol decreased lesion area, in comparison to the drug vehicle control, more effectively than 5% acyclovir in polyethylene glycol (reduction of 70 versus 46%, P = 0.03). These studies demonstrate the value of penetration-enhancing agents and the need for careful preclinical evaluations in the development of topical antiviral agents.
Using pressure input and thermal feedback to broaden haptic interaction with mobile devices (2013)

Pressure input and thermal feedback are two under-researched aspects of touch in mobile human-computer interfaces. Pressure input could provide a wide, expressive range of continuous input for mobile devices. Thermal stimulation could provide an alternative means of conveying information non-visually. This thesis research investigated 1) how accurate pressure-based input on mobile devices could be when the user was walking and provided with only audio feedback and 2) what forms of thermal stimulation are both salient and comfortable and so could be used to design structured thermal feedback for conveying multi-dimensional information.

The first experiment tested control of pressure on a mobile device when sitting and using audio feedback. Targeting accuracy was >= 85% when maintaining 4-6 levels of pressure across 3.5 Newtons, using only audio feedback and a Dwell selection technique. Two further experiments tested control of pressure-based input when walking and found accuracy was very high (>= 97%) even when walking and using only audio feedback, when using a rate-based input method. 

A fourth experiment tested how well each digit of one hand could apply pressure to a mobile phone individually and in combination with others. Each digit could apply pressure highly accurately, but not equally so, while some performed better in combination than alone. 2- or 3-digit combinations were more precise than 4- or 5-digit combinations. Experiment 5 compared one-handed, multi-digit pressure input using all 5 digits to traditional two-handed multitouch gestures for a combined zooming and rotating map task. Results showed comparable performance, with multitouch being ~1% more accurate but pressure input being ~0.5sec faster, overall.

Two experiments, one when sitting indoors and one when walking indoors tested how salient and subjectively comfortable/intense various forms of thermal stimulation were. Faster or larger changes were more salient, faster to detect and less comfortable and cold changes were more salient and faster to detect than warm changes. The two final studies designed two-dimensional structured ‘thermal icons’ that could convey two pieces of information. When indoors, icons were correctly identified with 83% accuracy. When outdoors, accuracy dropped to 69% when sitting and 61% when walking.

This thesis provides the first detailed study of how precisely pressure can be applied to mobile devices when walking and provided with audio feedback and the first systematic study of how to design thermal feedback for interaction with mobile devices in mobile environments.
Pituitary-independent effect of octreotide on IGF1 generation (2009)

Our study demonstrates that octreotide induces a significant decrease in IGF1 in severely GHD adults on a fixed dose of GH replacement. This is the evidence for a non-pituitary action of octreotide on the GH/IGF1 axis, most likely by antagonising the action of GH on hepatic IGF1 generation and indirectly, by suppressing insulin secretion.
Identification and Removal of Software Security Vulnerabilities using Source Code Analysis: A Case Study on a Java File Writer Program with Password Validation Features (2013)

We illustrate the use of source code analysis to identify and remove the following software security vulnerabilities: (i) Hardcoded Password, (ii) Empty Password Initialization, (iii) Denial of Service, (iv) System Information Leak, (v) Unreleased Resource and (vi) Path Manipulation. We propose one or more solution approaches to remove or at least mitigate each of these vulnerabilities that have the potential to significantly impact the security of software programs if they are left unattended. In this context, we conduct an exhaustive source code analysis of a file writer program, developed in Java, embedded with features for password validation in order to illustrate the Hardcoded password and Empty password initialization vulnerabilities. We also illustrate the occurrence of one or more new vulnerabilities as a result of incorporating a patch (code) to remove an existing vulnerability. Our solution approaches to remove the above vulnerabilities can also be adapted to other high-level programming languages like C/C++. We use the Fortify Source Code Analyzer (SCA) software to conduct the automated source code analysis of the file writer program to test for software security, including both identification and removal of the vulnerabilities.
Effectiveness of α‐tocopherol and selenium supplements in preventing lupinosis‐associated myopathy in sheep (1997)

The sc(SeM+E) treatment is highly effective in preventing lupinosis-associated myopathy but needs to be further assessed when selenium and vitamin E are both limiting in the diet.
The effect of chronic guanfacine administration on high plasma vasopressin levels in essential hypertension. (1990)

In the past several years, investigators have given evidence that vasopressin (VP), in addition to its antidiuretic function, may play an important role in cardiovascular regulation through other mechanisms. An increased plasma VP level has been reported in some patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension (EH). Additionally, yohimbine, a selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, has been shown to increase the plasma VP level and blood pressure (BP) in man. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of chronically administered guanfacine, a centrally acting alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, on high plasma VP levels in patients with mild-to-moderate EH in whom no other causes responsible for elevated plasma VP levels were present. The relations among VP, BP and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were also investigated. Eleven patients (8 women and 3 men aged 62 +/- 3 years) with untreated and uncomplicated EH were included in the study after a 2-week placebo period and kept on a diet containing 120 mmol sodium and 80 mmol potassium daily. In all patients treated once daily with 1 mg of guanfacine for 4 weeks, the drug-induced changes in plasma levels of VP and aldosterone (ALD), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma osmolality, BP and heart rate were determined. A marked reduction in plasma VP levels (p less than 0.001) was observed and this was accompanied by a significant fall in mean arterial blood pressure (p less than 0.001). No significant changes in heart rate, plasma osmolality, PRA and plasma ALD levels were found. The results suggest that guanfacine might suppress VP secretion via alpha 2-adrenoceptors without significantly affecting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Formation of Parallel Strips in Thin Films of Polystyrene/Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) Blends via Spin Coating on Unpatterned Substrates (2006)

Patterns of parallel strips, consisting of alternating polystyrene (PS) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) regions, were observed in thin films spin cast from a PS/PVP/chloroform solution on unpatterned substrates. The formation of anisotropic patterns, manifested not only in thickness variation but also in composition variation, was found to be driven by Marangoni instability, with the PS and PVP streams flowing toward the preferred regions as the phase separation induced by solvent evaporation proceeded. The initial viscosity of the polymer solution and the thickness of the spin-cast films were lumped into one single parameter to study the phase morphology development at various initial polymer solution concentrations. Interestingly, the ratio of the square of the film thickness to the viscosity, a parameter loosely related to the Marangoni number, was found to reach a maximum value at the concentration where the strip patterns were most well-developed.
The role of neurofilament aggregation in neurodegeneration: lessons from rare inherited neurological disorders (2019)

Many neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are well known to involve the accumulation of disease-specific proteins. Less well known are the accumulations of another set of proteins, neuronal intermediate filaments (NFs), which have been observed in these diseases for decades. NFs belong to the family of cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins (IFs) that give cells their shape; they determine axonal caliber, which controls signal conduction; and they regulate the transport of synaptic vesicles and modulate synaptic plasticity by binding to neurotransmitter receptors. In the last two decades, a number of rare disorders caused by mutations in genes that encode NFs or regulate their metabolism have been discovered. These less prevalent disorders are providing novel insights into the role of NF aggregation in the more common neurological disorders.
The Muslim brotherhood in Syria (2020)

In The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria, Dara Conduit studies the long road of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood (SMB) since its historical inception in the 1940s and through the 2011 uprising and the subse...
Numerical Modeling and Solution of Galvanic Corrosion Systems: Part I. Governing Differential Equation and Electrodic Boundary Conditions (1991)

This is the first in a pair of papers describing the development of the computational corrosion analysis accomplished at the Naval Underwater Systems Center and the University of Connecticut over the past decade. This paper outlines the mathematical representation of the corrosion problem to be solved in terms of the partial differential equation which describe electric fields in a conductive medium and the boundary conditions which describe the nonlinear electrode kinetics of corroding metals. A particular finite element formulation was developed to preserve charge conservation, a required condition to include mixed potential theory in electrochemical modeling. The mathematics analogy between electrical and thermal conduction was identified and a commercially available heat conduction computer program was selected and modified for electrochemical analysis by programming for the particular boundary conditions representing nonlinear electrode kinetics.
Video Telephony (1993)

Although the transmission of video images over telephone lines has a long history, new technology, particularly video compression techniques, now makes video telephony affordable. The technology is practical, and it can be successful if systems maintain high quality and ease of use. The results of behavioral science studies of visual communication indicate that adding video to voice calls increases the effectiveness of human communication. Human factors and behavioral science techniques can evaluate the quality of visual communication systems and make such systems easy for customers to use.
Deck the Walls with Anisotropic Colloids in Nematic Liquid Crystals (2019)

Nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) offer remarkable opportunities to direct colloids to form complex structures. The elastic energy field that dictates colloid interactions is determined by the NLC director field, which is sensitive to and can be controlled by boundaries including vessel walls and colloid surfaces. By molding the director field via liquid-crystal alignment on these surfaces, elastic energy landscapes can be defined to drive structure formation. We focus on colloids in otherwise defect-free director fields formed near undulating walls. Colloids can be driven along prescribed paths and directed to well-defined docking sites on such wavy boundaries. Colloids that impose strong alignment generate topologically required companion defects. Configurations for homeotropic colloids include a dipolar structure formed by the colloid and its companion hedgehog defect or a quadrupolar structure formed by the colloid and its companion Saturn ring. Adjacent to wavy walls with wavelengths larger than the colloid diameter, spherical particles are attracted to locations along the wall with distortions in the nematic director field that complement those from the colloid. This is the basis of lock-and-key interactions. Here, we study ellipsoidal colloids with homeotropic anchoring near complex undulating walls. The walls impose distortions that decay with distance from the wall to a uniform director in the far field. Ellipsoids form dipolar defect configurations with the colloid's major axis aligned with the far field director. Two distinct quadrupolar defect structures also form, stabilized by confinement; these include the Saturn I configuration with the ellipsoid's major axis aligned with the far field director and the Saturn II configuration with the major axis perpendicular to the far field director. The ellipsoid orientation varies only weakly in bulk and near undulating walls. All configurations are attracted to walls with long, shallow waves. However, for walls with wavelengths that are small compared to the colloid length, Saturn II is repelled, allowing selective docking of aligned objects. Deep, narrow wells prompt the insertion of a vertical ellipsoid. By introducing an opening at the bottom of such a deep well, we study colloids within pores that connect two domains. Ellipsoids with different aspect ratios find different equilibrium positions. An ellipsoid of the right dimension and aspect ratio can plug the pore, creating a class of 2D selective membranes.
Application of a dehydrated test strip, HEMASTIX®, for the assessment of gingivitis (1978)

In order to develop a rapid and simple method based on chemical alterations in gingival pockets during inflammation, the HEMASTIX strips were used to record the degree of gingivitis. This dehydrated test strip records the presence of both hemoglobin derived from erythrocytes and myeloperoxidase from PMN-leukocytes. The intensity of the blue color that appeared and the amount of adsorbed fluid were recorded. The correlation of the Strip Index with Gingival Index was highly significant (P is less than 0.001) and with Gingival Bleeding Index significant (P is less than 0.01). When determined both from the left side of the upper jaw and from the Ramfjord teeth, the correlation between these two areas was highly significant (P is less than 0.001) in the case of Strip Index but only slightly significant (P is less than 0.05) with Gingival Index. According to the present results the Strip Index can be used for the assessment of biochemical changes in gingival pockets resulting from the development of gingivitis.
The Antibacterial Activity of Acetic Acid against Biofilm-Producing Pathogens of Relevance to Burns Patients (2015)

This study provides evidence that acetic acid can inhibit growth of key burn wound pathogens when used at very dilute concentrations. Owing to current concerns of the reducing efficacy of systemic antibiotics, this novel biocide application offers great promise as a cheap and effective measure to treat infections in burns patients.
Third-harmonic generation in a pulsed supersonic jet of xenon (1983)

Third-harmonic generation to 1182 A is reported in a pulsed supersonic jet of xenon. Using a valve equipped with a 1-mm-diameter nozzle and for an incident power of 18 MW at 3547 A, I have obtained a peak power of 260 W in a 2.9-nsec pulse, corresponding to 4.7 x 10(11) photons per pulse and an average power of 7.5 microW at 1182 A. The measured conversion efficiency is comparable with that in a bulk-gas cell.
Development and antigen specificity of the lymphoproliferation responses of pigs to pseudorabies virus: dichotomy between secondary B- and T-cell responses. (1995)

To better understand the contribution of T cells to the immunity of pigs to pseudorabies virus (PRV), we examined the lymphoproliferation response to this virus. Depletion studies demonstrated that both CD2+CD8+ and CD2+CD4+ cells contributed to lymphoproliferation, but to varying degrees upon stimulation with live and ultraviolet (UV) light-inactivated PRV. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the emergence of both CD2+CD8+ and CD2+CD4+ lymphoblastoid cells. To examine the contribution of specific viral proteins, we prepared immortalized porcine B cells of haplotype d/d that stably expressed a single PRV protein, and used these cells for in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes from PRV-immune miniature pigs of the same haplotype. Cells expressing PRV gB or gC induced proliferation. An immunization/challenge experiment showed that the lymphoproliferation response was stronger upon immunization with the virulent NIA-3 strain than with the attenuated Bartha strain. Upon challenge inoculation, the NIA-3-immunized pigs were almost completely immune, in contrast to the Bartha-immunized pigs. Such poorly protected pigs showed secondary B- and T-cell immune responses upon challenge. In contrast, the better protected NIA-3-immunized pigs did not show a secondary B-cell response. However, they developed a secondary lymphoproliferation response, which was quicker and stronger than in the Bartha-immunized pigs. This dichotomy between secondary B- and T-cell responses indicates that an effective T-cell memory response is able to quickly eliminate challenge virus in immune pigs, so preventing a secondary B-cell response.
Pose determination from line-to-plane correspondences: existence condition and closed-form solutions (1991)

A class of pose determination problems in which the sensory data are lines and the corresponding reference data are planes is discussed. The lines considered are different from edge lines in that they are not the intersection of boundary faces of the object. The author describes a polynomial approach that does not require a priori knowledge about the object location. Closed-form solutions for orthogonal, parallel, and coplanar feature configurations of critical importance in real applications are derived. Findings concerning the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the line-to-plane pose determination problem can be solved are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Chlorination‐Filtration for Iron and Manganese Removal (1984)

Processes in which oxidation is followed by removal of suspended solids can effectively remove soluble iron and manganese from water. Three common processes for removing iron and manganese are: (1) aeration‐filtration, (2) chlorination‐filtration, and (3) potassium permanganate‐manganese greensand filtration. This article describes these processes and presents results from a pilot study of chlorination‐filtration. The costs for oxidants in chlorination‐filtration are less than those for potassium permanganate‐manganese greensand filtration.
Interaction of Fibrinogen with Detergent (1975)

Both cationic and anionic detergents were found to precipitate fibrinogen by forming fibrinogen-detergent complexes. These complexes were soluble in distilled water, but the aqueous solutions were very unstable and the complexes precipitated in the presence of salt. In the interaction of fibrinogen with the cationic detergent, stearyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride, approximately 160 molecules of detergent were found to bind to one molecule of fibrinogen. In distilled water, the fibrinogen-stearyltrimethylammonium complex (FG-STA(Cl)) remained soluble in the presence of thrombin [ED 3.4.21.5] although the same peptides were released as those released from fibrinogen. Precipitation of FG-STA(Cl) by salt was found to be closely related to adsorption of the anion of the salt by the complex. Futher addition of salt resulted in solubilization of the precipitate, and the solubilization was also due to further adsorption of the anion onto the precipitate.