gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A MEMS micro force sensor for drosophila flight characterization (2005)

This paper reports a MEMS micro force sensor with a novel configuration of differential tri-plate comb drives suitable for bulk micromachining. A high-yield fabrication process using DRIE on SOI wafers is utilized to construct the high aspect ratio devices. The sensor has a high sensitivity, good linearity, and a large bandwidth, which are required for characterizing flight behavior of fruit flies (Drosophila). The technique allows for the instantaneous measurements of flight forces, which result from a combination of aerodynamic and inertial forces generated by the wings. The potential impact of this research extends beyond gathering flight data on Drosophila melanogaster by demonstrating how MEMS technology can be used to provide valuable tools for biomechanical investigations
Myelokathexis, a congenital disorder of severe neutropenia characterized by accelerated apoptosis and defective expression ofbcl-x in neutrophil precursors (2000)

Myelokathexis is a congenital disorder that causes severe chronic leukopenia and neutropenia. Characteristic findings include degenerative changes and hypersegmentation of mature neutrophils and hyperplasia of bone marrow myeloid cells. The associated neutropenia can be partially corrected by treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). These features led us to propose that accelerated apoptosis of neutrophil precursors might account for the neutropenic phenotype. Blood and bone marrow aspirates were obtained from 4 patients (2 unrelated families) with myelokathexis before G-CSF therapy and from 2 of the affected persons after G-CSF therapy (1 microg/kg per day subcutaneously for 3 weeks). Bone marrow was fractionated using immunomagnetic bead cell sorting into CD34(+), CD33(+)/CD34(-), and CD15(+)/CD34(-)/CD33(- )cell populations. Examination of these cells by flow cytometry and electron microscopy revealed abundant apoptosis in the CD15(+) neutrophil precursor population, characterized by enhanced annexin-V binding, extensive membrane blebbing, condensation of heterochromatin, and cell fragmentation. Colony-forming assays demonstrated significant reduction in a proportion of bone marrow myeloid-committed progenitor cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a selective decrease in bcl-x, but not bcl-2, expression in the CD15(+)/CD34(-)/CD33(-)cell population compared with similar subpopulations of control bone marrow-derived myeloid precursors. After G-CSF therapy, apoptotic features of patients' bone marrow cells were substantially reduced, and the absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) and expression of bcl-x in CD15(+)/CD34(-)/CD33(-)cells increased. The authors concluded that myelokathexis is a disease characterized by the accelerated apoptosis of granulocytes and the depressed expression of bcl-x in bone marrow-derived granulocyte precursor cells. These abnormalities are partially corrected by the in vivo administration of G-CSF. (Blood. 2000;95:320-327)
Design and performance of a scanning ptychography microscope (2014)

We have designed and constructed a dedicated instrument to perform ptychography measurements and characterization of multilayer Laue lenses nanofocusing optics. The design of the scanning microscope provides stability of components and minimal thermal drifts, requirements for nanometer scale spatial resolution measurements. We performed thorough laboratory characterization of the instrument in terms of resolution and thermal drifts with subsequent measurements at a synchrotron. We have successfully acquired and reconstructed ptychography data yielding 11 nm line focus.
A comprehensive map of the porcine genome. (1996)

We report the highest density genetic linkage map for a livestock species produced to date. Three published maps for Sus scrofa were merged by genotyping virtually every publicly available microsatellite across a single reference population to yield 1042 linked loci, 536 of which are novel assignments, spanning 2286.2 cM (average interval 2.23 cM) in 19 linkage groups (18 autosomal and X chromosomes, n = 19). Linkage groups were constructed de novo and mapped by locus content to avoid propagation of errors in older genotypes. The physical and genetic maps were integrated with 123 informative loci assigned previously by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Fourteen linkage groups span the entire length of each chromosome. Coverage of chromosomes 11, 12, 15, and 18 will be evaluated as more markers are physically assigned. Marker-deficient regions were identified only on 11q1.7-qter and 14 cen-q1.2. Recombination rates (cM/Mbp) varied between and within chromosomes. Short chromosomal arms recombined at higher rates than long arms, and recombination was more frequent in telomeric regions than in pericentric regions. The high-resolution comprehensive map has the marker density needed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL), implement marker-assisted selection or introgression and YAC contig construction or chromosomal microdissection.
40-Gb/s FSK modulated WDM-PON with variable-rate multicast overlay (2011)

This paper proposes a novel conjugate-driven frequency shift keying (FSK) modulated wavelength division multiplexing passive network (WDM-PON) with variable-rate multicast services. Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is adopted for multicast overlay services with different rate requirements. A differential detection is used for the demodulation of FSK signal, which can eliminate the crosstalk from the OFDM signal. A total 40-Gb/s FSK point to point (P2P) signal and 6.3-Gb/s OFDM overlay with three kinds of variable-rate multicast services are experimentally demonstrated. A physical-layer adaptive identification is proposed for the variable-rate multicast services. After 25 km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission, the power penalties of FSK P2P signal and OFDM multicast overlay are 1.3 dB and 1.7 dB respectively.
Studies of Sequential and Combination Antimetabolite Therapy in Acute Leukemia: 6-Mercaptopurine and Methotrexate (1961)

Abstract The efficacy of three therapeutic programs for acute leukemia were compared. These programs included (1) Methotrexate (Phase I) followed by 6-mercaptopurine (Phase II); (2) 6-mercaptopurine (Phase I) followed by Methotrexate (Phase II); and (3) Combination Therapy, i.e., 6-mercaptopurine given in combination with Methotrexate. In children with acute lymphocytic leukemia the remission rate was 59 per cent for combination therapy, 47 per cent for 6-mercaptopurine, and 29 per cent for Methotrexate. The better remission rate for combination therapy is consistent with that predicted if it is assumed that 6-mercaptopurine and Methotrexate act independently. The median duration of complete remissions for the three treatments was not different (4 to 5 months). However, long lasting remissions were more frequent in patients receiving combination therapy. The median survival from the onset of therapy to death was 9 months. There were no differences between the three treatment programs as regards survival. In adults the remission rate was 15 per cent for combination therapy, 21 per cent for 6-mercaptopurine and 7 per cent for Methotrexate. As regards survival in adults, early deaths were more common in patients who received MTX as initial therapy, whereas after 5 months survival was somewhat better in those patients receiving combination therapy. In both children and adults there was no evidence that prior treatment with one of the antimetabolites altered response to the other antimetabolite. This result differs from those in animal models, and its effect on our concept of the mechanism of resistance is discussed. Responsiveness to the second course of antimetabolite therapy (Phase II) was as good as that to the first course of treatment. This was true for the remission rate, remission duration, and even for survival when appropriate corrections were made. Thus, responsiveness to drug therapy is maintained as the disease progresses temporally. It may be concluded therefore that new agents can be effectively studied in patients with "late" disease. Responsiveness to Phase II therapy was independent of responsiveness to Phase I. The most common and severe toxic manifestations related to the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract. There were no major differences quantitatively in the toxicity for the three treatment programs in children in spite of the fact that the drugs were given in full dosage in the combination program. Oral ulcers and a generalized erythematous rash occurred significantly more frequently in patients receiving Methotrexate. Jaundice was significantly more frequent in adults and in patients receiving 6-MP.
Technetium-99m MAG3 kit formulation: preliminary results in normal volunteers and patients with renal failure. (1988)

Previous studies have shown that [99mTc]mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a very promising new renal imaging agent which has characteristics very similar to [131I]orthoiodohippurate. An easily prepared kit formulation has been developed and evaluated in ten normal volunteers and three patients on hemodialysis. The average radiochemical purity was 96.6%. There were no adverse reactions. In the volunteers, the relative uptake +/- 1 s.d. was 49.1% +/- 2.6% for the right kidney and 50.9% +/- 2.6% or the left kidney. Urine activity was 71.4% +/- 6.4% of the injected dose at 30 min and 94.4% +/- 2.2% at 180 min. The 60-min plasma clearance was 340.0 +/- 79.0 ml/min and the volume of distribution was 5.15 +/- 1.1I. Approximately 0.5% of the injected dose was present in the gallbladder at 30-60 min postinjection. Gut activity was not present 30-60 min postinjection but reached 1% of the injected dose by 3 hr. In the hemodialysis patients, approximately 1% of the injected dose was present in the gallbladder and 0.5% in the gut at 30-60 min; gut activity increased to approximately 5% at 3 hr. In summary, results using the kit formulation compare favorably to previously published data using the HPLC purified material. Based on these preliminary results, the kit formulation is expected to have widespread clinical utility.
ChemInform Abstract: An Antimalarial Stilbene from Artocarpus integer. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DNA Aptamer‐Mediated Cell Targeting (2012)

Gelungene Modifizierung: Zelloberflächen können auf einfache Weise mit zielspezifischen Liganden wie DNA-Aptameren versehen werden, wobei die Auswirkungen auf die modifizierten Zellen minimal gehalten werden. Nach Inkubation mit Lipoaptamer-Sonden erkennen Immunzellen (rot, siehe Schema) in einer Zellmischung Krebszellen (blau) und zerstören diese. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Plateau Iris in Open-angle Glaucoma? (2012)

Glaucoma Services, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Patia, Bhubaneswar Orissa, India Disclosure: The author declares no conflict of interest.
Tau protein as a possible marker of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea: A pilot study (2017)

ELISA measurement of Tau protein in rhinorrhoea fluid may be a reliable and relevant marker for detecting the presence of CSF in the nasal discharge and sign the existence of a CSF leakage.
Testing of distributed IEC 61850 based protection schemes (2009)

IEC 61850 peer-to-peer communications based systems require a different approach and set of tools for proper testing of the individual components of the systems, as well as the evaluation of the performance of the distributed functions. The paper presents the concept of distributed functions based on sampled analog values and GOOSE messages and describes the components of the system. If the tested device has relay outputs as well, their operation will be compared with the received GOOSE messages to determine if the performance of communications based solutions is analogous to the hard-wired case. The paper describes the test system architecture for the testing of individual devices using sampled analog values, as well as protection or recording schemes that involve multiple devices. (6 pages)
Statistical Models in Engineering (1968)

Probability and Random Variables. Continuous Statistical Distributions. Discrete Statistical Distributions. The Transformation of Variables. Approximation by Empirical Distributions. Drawing Conclusions About System Performance from Component Data. Probability Plotting and Testing of Distributional Assumptions. Tables. Categorized Bibliography. Index.
The Double Pareto-Lognormal Distribution—A New Parametric Model for Size Distributions (2004)

Abstract A family of probability densities, which has proved useful in modelling the size distributions of various phenomens, including incomes and earnings, human settlement sizes, oil-field volumes and particle sizes, is introduced. The distribution, named herein as the double Pareto-lognormal or dPlN distribution, arises as that of the state of a geometric Brownian motion (GBM), with lognormally distributed initial state, after an exponentially distributed length of time (or equivalently as the distribution of the killed state of such a GBM with constant killing rate). A number of phenomena can be viewed as resulting from such a process (e.g., incomes, settlement sizes), which explains the good fit. Properties of the distribution are derived and estimation methods discussed. The distribution exhibits Paretian power-law) behaviour in both tails, and when plotted on logarithmic axes, its density exhibits hyperbolic-type behaviour.
Characterization of a Cry1Ac‐receptor alkaline phosphatase in susceptible and resistant <i>Heliothis virescens</i> larvae (2004)

We reported previously a direct correlation between reduced soybean agglutinin binding to 63- and 68-kDa midgut glycoproteins and resistance to Cry1Ac toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis in the tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens). In the present work we describe the identification of the 68-kDa glycoprotein as a membrane-bound form of alkaline phosphatase we term HvALP. Lectin blot analysis of HvALP revealed the existence of N-linked oligosaccharides containing terminal N-acetylgalactosamine required for [125I]Cry1Ac binding in ligand blots. Based on immunoblotting and alkaline phosphatase activity detection, reduced soybean agglutinin binding to HvALP from Cry1Ac resistant larvae of the H. virescens YHD2 strain was attributable to reduced amounts of HvALP in resistant larvae. Quantification of specific alkaline phosphatase activity in brush border membrane proteins from susceptible (YDK and F1 generation from backcrosses) and YHD2 H. virescens larvae confirmed the observation of reduced HvALP levels. We propose HvALP as a Cry1Ac binding protein that is present at reduced levels in brush border membrane vesicles from YHD2 larvae.
System design for digital media asset management (2002)

Client-server computing is only now able to deliver genuine gains to broadcasters, publishers, creative agencies and production facilities. These new users are entering the distributed computing domain just as media object technologies and commercial broadband services emerge from infancy. This paper discusses the complex process of decision-making and system design for digital media asset management. The Cinebase Digital Media Management System is described and used to illustrate critical points. The digital media server architecture must accommodate extremely large datasets, scaleable content retrieval and rapid network query response. Cinebase installations are currently in place containing 100s of Terabytes of media content, and 100s of local and remote users. Cinebase has recently been ported to ObjectStore by Object Design Inc. (ODI). The presentation discusses how, in combination, the Cinebase application and ODI extensions can be used to deliver a complete object management environment for production-quality content. Examples of the new workflows, and the technical issues complex networks raise for database architecture, are also discussed.
Nitrogen-Doped Titanate-Anatase Core–Shell Nanobelts with Exposed {101} Anatase Facets and Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity (2012)

Anatase TiO(2) with specifically exposed facets has been extensively studied for maximizing its photocatalytic activity. However, most previous preparation methods involve high-pressure processing and corrosive chemicals. Few works have been conducted on hierarchical composite nanostructures assembled from well-defined TiO(2) nanocrystals. Here, we report a facile method for the preparation of nitrogen-doped titanate-anatase core-shell nanobelts. Anatase nanorods with specifically exposed {101} facets were obtained from a simple evaporation-induced, self-assembly (EISA) process and coupled with another semiconductor photocatalyst. The composite material with improved visible-light-harvesting ability, high charge-hole mobility, and low electron-hole recombination exhibited high photocatalytic performance and stability. The results presented here will make significant contributions toward the development of delicate composite photocatalysts for photocatalytic water purification and solar energy utilization.
Novel Layered Li-Cr-Ti-O Cathode Materials Related to the LiCrO[sub 2]-Li[sub 2]TiO[sub 3] Solid Solution (2003)

The electrochemical properties of novel layered Li-Cr-Ti-O cathode materials related to the solid solution were described. These materials demonstrated that is capable of reversibly cycling in a -like framework. The sample with (the content of at starting compositions) was found to be the most promising cathode material in light of the high capacity and excellent cycling performance. It can deliver the discharge capacities of 202 and 173 mAh/g at 60°C and 30°C, respectively. Further characterizations on the sample, including chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, rate charge/discharge, quasi-open-circuit voltage, cyclic voltammetry, and ex situ X-ray diffraction and constant-capacity charge/discharge tests were performed. The results showed that this material has a relatively slow kinetics of diffusion and the original layered structure gradually changes to a disorder structure during cycling; furthermore, during the process two distinct phases with similar structure were observed. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
New Crystal Structures of IrB and IrB<sub>2</sub>: First-Principles Calculations (2012)

Superhard IrB1.35 [Chem. Mater.2009, 21, 1407] and IrB1.1 film [ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces2010, 2, 581] have been synthesized in experiment, but the structural formulas of iridium borides with integral ratio between Ir and B atoms are still undefined up to now. Here, we use a combination of particle-swarm optimization technique and first-principles calculations to explore the crystal structures of IrB and IrB2. We demonstrate that the new phase P1–IrB belongs to the orthorhombic Pnma space group, while P5–IrB2 (space group Pmmn) has a same structure type with OsB2. At the pressure of about 5 GPa, a phase transition occurs between the Pnma and anti-NiAs phases for P1–IrB. Further phonon and elastic constants calculations imply that both P1–IrB and P5–IrB2 are dynamically and mechanically stable and are potential low compressible materials because of their high bulk moduli. The analysis of density of states and chemical bonding indicates that the formation of strong covalent bonding in these compounds contributes greatly to their stabilities.
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Mature Oil Fields a Case Study in El-Morgan Field in the Gulf of Suez (1998)

Abstract In 1995, some 28 years after the first oil was produced, it was noticed that the production facilities handling El-Morgan field crude were experiencing very high corrosion rates as measured by weight loss coupons. A preliminary survey indicated that significant levels of planktonic sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) were present. Pigging facilities were not available on the critical portion of the oil lines, so a program of on-line cleaning was commenced. This treatment was followed by batches of surfactant bactericides identified as effective through time-kill tests conducted in the field. Finally, a water soluble corrosion inhibitor was applied continuously to the facilities. This program succeeded in achieving control of internal corrosion in the system. Details of the treatment procedures and results are given in this paper.
Fractal volume compression (1996)

This research explores the principles, implementation, and optimization of a competitive volume compression system based on fractal image compression. The extension of fractal image compression to volumetric data is trivial in theory. However, the simple addition of a dimension to existing fractal image compression algorithms results in infeasible compression times and noncompetitive volume compression results. This paper extends several fractal image compression enhancements to perform properly and efficiently on volumetric data, and introduces a new 3D edge classification scheme based on principal component analysis. Numerous experiments over the many parameters of fractal volume compression suggest aggressive settings of its system parameters. At this peak efficiency, fractal volume compression surpasses vector quantization and approaches within 1 dB PSNR of the discrete cosine transform. When compared to the DCT, fractal volume compression represents surfaces in volumes exceptionally well at high compression rates, and the artifacts of its compression error appear as noise instead of deceptive smoothing or distracting ringing.
Representation and Verification of Domain-Based Application Service Identity within Internet Public Key Infrastructure Using X.509 (PKIX) Certificates in the Context of Transport Layer Security (TLS) (2011)

Many application technologies enable secure communication between two entities by means of Internet Public Key Infrastructure Using X.509 (PKIX) certificates in the context of Transport Layer Security (TLS). This document specifies procedures for representing and verifying the identity of application services in such interactions.