gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glutamatergic systems in Alzheimer's disease (2003)

Glutamate is the major transmitter of the brain and is involved in all aspects of cognitive function since it is the transmitter of cortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurones. Furthermore, glutamate and glutamate receptors are involved in long-term potentiation, a process believed to underlie learning and memory. Histological studies indicate loss of pyramidal neurones and their synapses in Alzheimer's disease (AD), this together with biochemical evidence suggests presynaptic (and postsynaptic) glutamatergic hypoactivity. This represents a 'double blow' as the activity of glutamatergic neurones is heavily influenced by the cholinergic system, which is also dysfunctional in AD. The clinical relevance of these changes is emphasised because glutamatergic and cholinergic dysfunction are strong correlates of cognitive decline in AD. The mechanism by which glutamatergic (and cholinergic) cells die is likely to be a combination of necrosis and apoptosis caused by a range of factors which include tangle formation and the effects of too much and too little glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Association of 3′-UTR polymorphisms of the oxidised LDL receptor 1 (<i>OLR1</i>) gene with Alzheimer’s disease (2003)

Although possession of the epsilon 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene appears to be an important biological marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility, strong evidence indicates that at least one additional risk gene exists on chromosome 12. Here, we describe an association of the 3'-UTR +1073 C/T polymorphism of the OLR1 (oxidised LDL receptor 1) on chromosome 12 with AD in French sporadic (589 cases and 663 controls) and American familial (230 affected sibs and 143 unaffected sibs) populations. The age and sex adjusted odds ratio between the CC+CT genotypes versus the TT genotypes was 1.56 (p=0.001) in the French sample and 1.92 (p=0.02) in the American sample. Furthermore, we have discovered a new T/A polymorphism two bases upstream of the +1073 C/T polymorphism. This +1071 T/A polymorphism was not associated with the disease, although it may weakly modulate the impact of the +1073 C/T polymorphism. Using 3'-UTR sequence probes, we have observed specific DNA protein binding with nuclear proteins from lymphocyte, astrocytoma, and neuroblastoma cell lines, but not from the microglia cell line. This binding was modified by both the +1071 T/A and +1073 C/T polymorphisms. In addition, a trend was observed between the presence or absence of the +1073 C allele and the level of astrocytic activation in the brain of AD cases. However, Abeta(40), Abeta(42), Abeta total, and Tau loads or the level of microglial cell activation were not modulated by the 3'-UTR OLR1 polymorphisms. Finally, we assessed the impact of these polymorphisms on the level of OLR1 expression in lymphocytes from AD cases compared with controls. The OLR1 expression was significantly lower in AD cases bearing the CC and CT genotypes compared with controls with the same genotypes. In conclusion, our data suggest that genetic variation in the OLR1 gene may modify the risk of AD.
Investigation of Neural Network Paradigms for the Development of Automatic Noise Diagnostic/Reactor Surveillance Systems (2024)

Results are presented from investigations into the use of neural networks for the recognition and analysis of neutron noise data. A Spectral Feature Detector network based on the backpropagation paradigm is described, and its potential for use in the development of automatic noise diagnostic systems is discussed.
Discovery of Diverse Small Molecule Chemotypes with Cell-Based PKD1 Inhibitory Activity (2011)

Protein kinase D (PKD) is a novel family of serine/threonine kinases regulated by diacylglycerol, which is involved in multiple cellular processes and various pathological conditions. The limited number of cell-active, selective inhibitors has historically restricted biochemical and pharmacological studies of PKD. We now markedly expand the PKD1 inhibitory chemotype inventory with eleven additional novel small molecule PKD1 inhibitors derived from our high throughput screening campaigns. The in vitro IC(50)s for these eleven compounds ranged in potency from 0.4 to 6.1 µM with all of the evaluated compounds being competitive with ATP. Three of the inhibitors (CID 1893668, (1Z)-1-(3-ethyl-5-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)propan-2-one; CID 2011756, 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-[4-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]furan-2-carboxamide; CID 5389142, (6Z)-6-[4-(3-aminopropylamino)-6-methyl-1H-pyrimidin-2-ylidene]cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one) inhibited phorbol ester-induced endogenous PKD1 activation in LNCaP prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The specificity of these compounds for PKD1 inhibitory activity was supported by kinase assay counter screens as well as by bioinformatics searches. Moreover, computational analyses of these novel cell-active PKD1 inhibitors indicated that they were structurally distinct from the previously described cell-active PKD1 inhibitors while computational docking of the new cell-active compounds in a highly conserved ATP-binding cleft suggests opportunities for structural modification. In summary, we have discovered novel PKD1 inhibitors with in vitro and cell-based inhibitory activity, thus successfully expanding the structural diversity of small molecule inhibitors available for this important pharmacological target.
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Children (1995)

The entity of adrenergic-dependent, potentially lethal tachyarrhythmia with no structural heart disease deserves to be individualized. It may form a variant of the congenital long QT syndrome in which the ECG marker is lacking; this primary ventricular arrhythmia must be looked for in a pediatric patient with stress- or emotion-induced syncope because only beta-blocking therapy can prevent sudden death and therefore must be given for the patient's lifetime.
Failure of Conventional Density Functionals for the Prediction of Molecular Crystal Polymorphism: A Quantum Monte Carlo Study (2010)

We have applied the diffusion Monte Carlo method, for the first time, to an organic molecular crystal (para-diiodobenzene) in order to determine the relative stability of its two well-known polymorphs. The DMC result predicts that the α phase is more stable than the β phase at zero temperature, in agreement with experiment. In comparison, we evaluated four commonly used local, semilocal, and hybrid density functionals, including an empirical correction to include the effects of dispersion. We conclude that while density functional theory may provide the most practical method for estimating the effects of electron correlation, conventional functionals which do not accurately describe noncovalent interactions may not be considered reliable for determining highly accurate energies in such systems.
Neutrophil Chemokines KC and Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein-2 Are Newly Synthesized by Tissue Macrophages Using Distinct TLR Signaling Pathways (2008)

Neutrophils are the first immune cells to migrate into infected tissue sites. Therefore an important step in the initiation of an immune response is the synthesis of the neutrophil-recruiting chemokines. In this in vivo study in mice, we show that resident tissue macrophages are the source of the major neutrophil chemoattractants, KC and MIP-2. Synthesis of these chemokines is rapidly regulated at the transcriptional level by signaling through TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 that have diverse specificities for pathogens. The major and alternative TLR signaling pathways are characterized by the adaptor proteins MyD88 or TRIF, respectively. KC and MIP-2 are both produced by signaling through MyD88. However MIP-2, but not KC, is also synthesized through the TRIF adaptor protein, identifying it as a new product of this alternative pathway. Use of both pathways by TLR4 ensures maximal levels of KC and MIP-2 that lead to robust neutrophil recruitment. However the MIP-2 generated exclusively by the TRIF pathway is still sufficient to cause an influx of neutrophils. In summary we show that TLR signaling by tissue macrophages directly controls the synthesis of neutrophil-attracting chemokines that are essential for the earliest recruitment step in the innate immune response to microbial challenge.
Protective Effect of Combination of Sulforaphane and Riluzole on Glutamate-Mediated Excitotoxicity (2010)

Threohydroxyaspartate (THA) causes glutamate excitotoxicity in motor neurons in organotypic culture of rat spinal cord. Some drugs, including sulforaphane (SF) and riluzole, can protect motor neuron against excitotoxicity. It has been demonstrated that SF is a potent inducer of Phase II enzymes, while riluzole is a classic anti-glutamate agent. The objective of the current study is to investigate whether the combination of SF and riluzole is superior to either one used alone. In our study, the combination of SF with riluzole not only stimulates the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH): quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), but also reduces the extracellular accumulation of glutamate. When used at optimal doses, SF (10 microM) and riluzole (5 microM), either alone or in combination, all exert significant and similar neuroprotection, as measured by the number of motor neuron, medium malondialdehyde (MDA) level and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. When used at low doses, the combination is better than each agent used alone. In conclusion, these results suggest the potential utility of combination use of SF and riluzole for protection of motor neuron against excitotoxicity.
Apple II Computer Software for DNA and Protein Sequence Data (1983)

In our attempt to make the aid of a computer for the molecular biology laboratory available on a low-cost basis, we have improved the programs that we published recently. We have experienced in our laboratory, and have learned from others, that the average lab has an increasing demand to use a time-sharing-independent computer for the bulk of data handling. A microcomputer can give this independence. At the same time, a microcomputer can serve as a terminal for the few computer jobs, such as data communication or extensive search programs, which have to be conducted on a time-sharing basis. In this paper, we describe the programs which can be executed on a Apple II microcomputer using the Apple Language System. This system gives the researcher the opportunity to learn to handle sequence data, and it also includes a word processing system useful in writing letters and manuscripts and storing text.
First Report of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance in a KPC-3-Expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate (2015)

Ceftazidime-avibactam is the first antimicrobial approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Avibactam, a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, inactivates class A serine carbapenemases, including Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). We report a KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolate resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC, 32/4 μg/ml) from a patient with no prior treatment with ceftazidime-avibactam.
APS at Berkeley (1949)

The 290th meeting of the American Physical Society was held in Berkeley, California, from February 3 to 5, 1949. It was attended by over two hundred fellows and members of the Society, the largest attendance on record for a West Coast meeting. This remark occurs regularly in describing successive meetings, and is good evidence of the growing membership of the Society.
Interference of Maltose in Lana AG Kit Determination of 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and How to Avoid It (1992)

Journal Article Interference of Maltose in Lana AG Kit Determination of 1,5-Anhydroglucitol and How to Avoid It Get access Y Fukumura, Y Fukumura Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Oshitani, S Oshitani Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y Ushijima, Y Ushijima Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I Kobayashi, I Kobayashi Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y Murahashi, Y Murahashi Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Kajiwara, K Kajiwara Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T Jinnouchi, T Jinnouchi Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Tanaka, S Tanaka Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Ichimura, S Ichimura Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Tajima S Tajima Dept. of Lab. Med. and Clin. Lab. Center, Gunma Univ. School of Med., Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 38, Issue 12, 1 December 1992, Pages 2553–2554, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.12.2553 Published: 01 December 1992
Adaptive AR modeling of nonstationary time series by means of Kalman filtering (1998)

An adaptive on-line procedure is presented for autoregressive (AR) modeling of nonstationary multivariate time series by means of Kalman filtering. The parameters of the estimated time-varying model can be used to calculate instantaneous measures of linear dependence. The usefulness of the procedures in the analysis of physiological signals is discussed in two examples: First, in the analysis of respiratory movement, heart rate fluctuation, and blood pressure, and second, in the analysis of multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. It was shown for the first time that in intact animals the transition from a normoxic to a hypoxic state requires tremendous short-term readjustment of the autonomic cardiac-respiratory control. An application with experimental EEG data supported observations that the development of coherences among cell assemblies of the brain is a basic element of associative learning or conditioning.
ET-18-OCH3 inhibits the phosphorylation and activation of p70 S6 kinase in MCF-7 cells. (2005)

Alkyllysophospholipids (ALPs) inhibit the proliferation of epithelial cancer cells, and may achieve this by perturbing a number of intracellular signaling pathways. p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) is a key intracellular signaling molecule in the regulation of cell proliferation. We therefore investigated whether ALPs inhibit p70S6K activity and, if so, whether this may be relevant in the mechanism of inhibition of cell proliferation by ALPs. In this study, we demonstrated that the prototypic ALP, 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycerophosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3), inhibits the activation of p70S6K in MCF-7 cells but does not inhibit the activity of p70S6K. Inhibition of activation is achieved by preventing the phosphorylation of Thr389, Thr421, Ser424 and Ser411 residues of p70S6K, which are required for full activation of the kinase. ET-18-OCH3 inhibited insulin-stimulated activation of MCF-7 cells, which is sensitive to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, and to the m-Tor inhibitor rapamycin. Phorbol ester-induced activation of p70S6K which was sensitive to the m-Tor inhibitor but not the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, was also inhibited by ET-18-OCH3. Hence the diminished phosphorylation of p70S6K by ET-18-OCH3 is a result of the inhibition of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent and -independent activation of p70S6K. The differential effects of ENE-OCH3, a phosphonocholine analog of ET-18-OCH3, on MCF-7 cell proliferation correlated with its effects on p70S6K activation. The data suggest that the inhibition of p70S6K activation of by ET-18-OCH3 contributes to the antiproliferative effects of ALPs in MCF-7 cells.
A Review of Acrylamide Neurotoxicity Part I. Properties, Uses and Human Exposure (1974)

SUMMARY Two factors have stimulated the present intense investigation of acrylamide neurotoxicity. These are the health hazard accompanying the vast and increasing industrial production of acrylamide, and the promise of illuminating the mechanism of dying-back disease in the human nervous system by employing acrylamide as an experimental tool. The present paper discusses the industrial uses of acrylamide, its regulation, and the prevention, detection and clinico-pathologic features of human intoxication. Bearing on the cumulative nature of acrylamide neurotoxicity, separate sections review the chemistry, biochemistry, toxicology and metabolic fate of acrylamide. Clinical, electrophysiological and morphologic data on acute and chronic acrylamide intoxication of experimental animals, and possible etiologies of nervous system damage, are considered in detail in a companion paper (P. S. Spencer and H. H. Schaumburg, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 1:151, 1974).
Water Modeled As an Intermediate Element between Carbon and Silicon (2008)

Water and silicon are chemically dissimilar substances with common physical properties. Their liquids display a temperature of maximum density, increased diffusivity on compression, and they form tetrahedral crystals and tetrahedral amorphous phases. The common feature to water, silicon, and carbon is the formation of tetrahedrally coordinated units. We exploit these similarities to develop a coarse-grained model of water (mW) that is essentially an atom with tetrahedrality intermediate between carbon and silicon. mW mimics the hydrogen-bonded structure of water through the introduction of a nonbond angular dependent term that encourages tetrahedral configurations. The model departs from the prevailing paradigm in water modeling: the use of long-ranged forces (electrostatics) to produce short-ranged (hydrogen-bonded) structure. mW has only short-range interactions yet it reproduces the energetics, density and structure of liquid water, and its anomalies and phase transitions with comparable or better accuracy than the most popular atomistic models of water, at less than 1% of the computational cost. We conclude that it is not the nature of the interactions but the connectivity of the molecules that determines the structural and thermodynamic behavior of water. The speedup in computing time provided by mW makes it particularly useful for the study of slow processes in deeply supercooled water, the mechanism of ice nucleation, wetting-drying transitions, and as a realistic water model for coarse-grained simulations of biomolecules and complex materials.
THE TAXONOMY OF ACETOBACTER AND ALLIED OXIDATIVE BACTERIA (1958)

Leifson's findings, that two different groups exist in currently adopted genus Acetobacter, the one including peritrichously flagellated or non-motile acetate-oxidizing species and the other including polarly flagellated or non- motile species which are unable to oxidize acetate, were fully confirmed.In our present experiments, however, the latter group was considered to be assignable to Gluconobacter gen. nov. Asai, fomerly proposed by one of the authors.It is therefore demonstrated, that the generic name of Gluconobacter should be revived instead of Acetomonas gen. nov. Leif son given for the latter group. The reasons supporting this view were discussed, and the following characters are to be mentioned especially: Genus Acetomonas Leifson lacks in producing a remarkable amonnt of acetic acid from ethanol as compared with redefined Acetobacter and it is rather proper to accumulate glu- conic acid to a high extent. Accordingly, from general considerations the generic name of Acetomonas was considered to be inappropriate and Gluconobacter more reasonable. Several new findings on the biochemical characters of Gluconobacter genus were also discussed.
Development of a user-friendly polishing robot system (2003)

Polishing work of a freely-curved surface die demands simple and repetitive operations but requires a considerable amount of time for high precision. Some workers tend to gradually avoid the polishing work because of the poor environment caused by dust and noise. In order to reduce the polishing time and solve the problem of the shortage of skilled workers, an automatic polishing system should be developed. In this study, a user-friendly automatic polishing system was developed. It is composed of two different systems: a three-axis machining center and a two-axis polishing robot. The developed polishing system with five degrees of freedom is able to keep the polishing tool normal to the die surface. In order to operate the polishing system, the host computer should transmit the polishing data to the FANUC controller of the machining center and DSP controller of the polishing robot, respectively. A driving program (P-PROS: Pusan National University-polishing robot operating system) in the Windows environment was developed to easily operate the polishing robot system. A communication program was developed for transmitting the polishing data to each controller. To evaluate the performance of the P-PROS and the developed DSP (digital signal processing) controller, a polishing experiment on the shadow-mask die was done.
Endothelial modulation of porcine coronary microcirculation perfused via immature collaterals (1992)

Porcine hearts have relatively few native collateral vessels and lack the propensity to develop normal perfusion to the collateral-dependent myocardium. To examine microvascular responses in the collateral-dependent region, collateral vessels were stimulated in pigs by the Ameroid constrictor technique. After 4-7 wk, isolated microarterial vessels (90-170 microns ID) were studied in a pressurized (40 mmHg), no-flow state. Microvessels from noninstrumented pigs were used as controls for vascular studies. Although myocardium in the collateral-dependent region showed minimal evidence of infarction, percent systolic shortening was reduced at rest and after pacing compared with myocardium in the normally perfused region. Relaxations to the receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent agents ADP and bradykinin were impaired in collateral-dependent coronary microvessels. Relaxations to the calcium ionophore A23187, which acts through a non-receptor-mediated mechanism, were similar in control and Ameroid microvessels. Relaxations to the endothelium-independent agent sodium nitroprusside were markedly enhanced in microvessels from the collateral-dependent region compared with microvessels from control hearts. In conclusion, receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation is impaired and endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside is enhanced in microvessels from myocardium perfused by immature collateral vessels.
BMS-345541 Targets Inhibitor of κB Kinase and Induces Apoptosis in Melanoma: Involvement of Nuclear Factor κB and Mitochondria Pathways (2006)

BMS-345541 down-regulation of IKK activity results in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells because the programmed cell death machinery in melanoma cells is highly regulated by NF-kappaB signaling. Therefore, IKK may serve as a potential target for melanoma therapy.
PERFORMANCE OF ELDERLY AND YOUNG NORMALS ON THE GOLLIN INCOMPLETE PICTURES TEST (1999)

Our study compared 26 young and 28 elderly subjects on the Gollin Incomplete Pictures Test. Young and elderly subjects differed, the older group requiring less fragmentation and more time for identification; response accuracy and latency were not correlated with one another.