gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gas Transport Properties of Polyarylates: Substituent Size and Symmetry Effects (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas Transport Properties of Polyarylates: Substituent Size and Symmetry EffectsM. R. Pixton and D. R. PaulCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 24, 8277–8286Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00128a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00128a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of the Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein on Innate Cellular Defense Pathways (2004)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is thought to contribute to HCV pathogenesis through its interaction with various signal transduction pathways. In this study, we explored the interaction of the core protein with innate defense pathways (interferon [IFN] regulatory factor [IRF], Jak-Stat, and inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]) in HeLa and Huh7 human cell lines. Expression of a patient-derived genotype 1b core protein activated human IRF-1 and guanylate-binding protein-2 (GBP-2) promoters, induced IRF-1 mRNA, but failed to induce IRF-3 phosphorylation. HCV core protein caused dose-dependent induction of the IFN-beta promoter and IFN-beta mRNA but not the IFN-alpha1 and IFN-alpha4 promoters. In the presence of IFN-alpha, core expression was associated with increased IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) binding to the IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) and tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1. Core expression resulted in dose-dependent activation of the ISRE and gamma activated sequence (GAS) promoters, in both the absence and the presence of either IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma. Core stimulated the human iNOS promoter and induced iNOS protein. The data indicate that HCV core can modulate IRF, Jak-Stat, and iNOS pathways and suggest mechanisms by which core could affect HCV persistence and pathogenesis.
Research on Emotional Interaction Design in Trading Card Game (2019)

Emotion is a cognitive means, and it is also a physiological reaction of people to external things acting on themselves. It is determined by needs and expectations. When such needs and expectations are met, positive emotions of excitement, happiness, and affection will occur, and vice versa will lead to negative emotions such as upset, distress, and disgust. The game is a special kind of software product. The reason why players love to play games is because they can find happiness. It can be said that the game is mainly satisfied by the spiritual needs of the players. The essence of design is to meet the needs of people. This is also the purpose of the design. Therefore, in the process of game design, whether it is gameplay, art or interface design, we must pay attention to the emotional elements, and we must meet the emotional needs of users through interactive means. This study expounds the importance of emotional elements in game design, and based on the emotional design theory proposed by Professor Donald Arthur Norman, and also refers to the Flow theory proposed by Professor Csikszentmihalyi, through the exploration of the development of the exchange card game and the analysis of the elements of emotional interaction design, the conclusion is finally drawn.
Ultraclean air and antibiotics for prevention of postoperative infection: A multicenter study of 8,052 joint replacement operations (1987)

To determine the value of ultraclean air in operating rooms, 8,052 operations for total hip- or knee-joint replacement were followed up for 1-4 years. For operations done in ultraclean air, bacterial contamination of the wound, deep joint sepsis, and major wound sepsis were substantially less than for operations done in conventionally ventilated rooms. Sepsis was also less frequent when prophylactic antibiotics had been given. The two precautions acted independently so that the incidence of sepsis after operation in ultraclean air and with antibiotics was much less than that when either was used alone. Wound sepsis was associated with an enhanced risk of joint sepsis. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest joint pathogen, but infections with other organisms, often considered to be of low pathogenicity, were almost as numerous. Most S. aureus infections were traced to sources in the operating room.
Decreased Atherosclerosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice Transplanted With <i>Abcg1</i> <sup>−/−</sup> Bone Marrow (2006)

These studies reveal an inverse relationship between Abcg1 expression and apoE accumulation and secretion in macrophages. The reduced atherosclerosis in recipients of Abcg1-deficient bone marrow may be explained by induction of Abca1 and an associated increase in macrophage apoE secretion.
THE TRYPANOCIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME PYRIMIDYL‐AMINOPHENYLARSONIC COMPOUNDS (1958)

A series of substituted pyrimidylaminophenylarsonic acids have been prepared, reduced to the corresponding oxophenylarsines and finally, in certain cases, to the arsenobenzenes. The tervalent arsenicals were highly active against Trypanosoma rhodesiense in mice. 4-(2:6-Diaminopyrimid-4-ylamino)phenyloxoarsine either as the insoluble carbonate or the soluble isethionate was the most promising of these compounds.
Radiation induced change of the effective doping concentration in silicon detectors (2003)

Ion implanted n-type standard, oxygenated and nitrogenated silicon detectors have been irradiated with 24 GeV/c proton beam, up to a fluence of 10/sup 14/ cm/sup -2/. The effective doping concentration versus fluence and the values of the inversion fluence are presented for each type of silicon detector. Results of charge collection measurements made for the damaged detectors using an /sup 241/Am /spl alpha/ source are reported.
Concatenated trellis-coded 8-ary PSK for land mobile satellite communications (2003)

A concatenated coded modulation scheme for error control in satellite-based land mobile communication systems is presented. The concatenated scheme uses a set of multiplexed inner trellis codes with a (n,k) Reed-Solomon outer code. Error performance is analyzed in the presence of both Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. As the parallel implementation of the trellis codec acts as the interleaver and deinterleaver, block interleaving with its associated synchronization problems is no longer needed in this system. To minimize the delay caused by this type of diversity in time, the minimum interleaving length as a function of the fading parameters is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Primary tumor sidedness is an independent prognostic marker for survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: Results from a large retrospective cohort with mutational analysis (2018)

Recent reports demonstrate inferior outcomes associated with primary right-sided vs left-sided colorectal tumors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We sought to describe our experience with mCRC patients on whom we have molecular data to determine whether primary tumor sidedness was an independent prognostic marker for overall survival (OS). mCRC patients with documented primary tumor sidedness who received mutational profiling between 2009 and 2014 were identified (n = 367, median follow-up 30.4 months). Mutational profiling for >150 mutations across commonly mutated cancer genes including RAS, PIK3CA, BRAF, and PTEN as well as treatment data, including receipt of a biologic agent, were collected. Univariable/multivariable models were used to analyze relationships between collected data and OS. Among 367 patients, sidedness breakdown was as follows: 234 left (64%), 133 right (36%). 56% were male, with a median age at diagnosis of 57 (range 24-89). A total of 143 patients had RAS mutations. Five-year OS was 41%, median OS was 54 months (range 1-149). Five-year OS for left- vs right-sided tumors was 46% vs 24% (P < .0001). On univariable analysis, among both RAS wildtype and mutant tumors, left-sided tumors continued to have improved OS vs right-sided tumors (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.34-0.69 RAS wildtype; HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.40-0.95 RAS mutant). Left-sidedness was an important prognostic factor for OS among RAS wildtype patients despite treatment with or without a biologic agent (P < .05). Left-sidedness remained significant for improved OS on multivariable analysis (P < .0001). Left-sided primary tumor remained most important prognostic factor for OS, even when adjusting for mutational status and receipt of biologic agent.
A New High Performance Quaternary Phosphonium Biocide for Biofouling Control in Industrial Water Systems (2006)

Abstract Quaternary ammonium based biocides have been used for microbiological control in industrial water systems for more than 40 years. While they have good activity versus algae, they can cause problems with foaming or react negatively with anionic additives. More recently, quaternary phosphonium based biocides have been introduced. While they overcome some of the issues with quaternary ammonium based biocides, they lack surface activity and are incompatible with halogens. We report here on a new quaternary phosphonium biocide based on tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC). TTPC is effective at low concentrations, is fast acting and is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms including Legionella pneumophila. It has excellent surface active properties which makes it highly effective at removing biofouling and regular use has been shown to reduce the level of biofouling in model cooling systems. It is very effective with halogen based biocides, low foaming and has good compatibility with anionic scale and corrosion inhibitors which makes it broadly applicable to industrial water systems.
Digital optical signal processing with polarization-bistable semiconductor lasers (1985)

The operations of a complete set of optical AND, NAND, OR, and NOR gates and clocked optical <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S-R, D, J-K,</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</tex> flip-flops are demonstrated, based on direct polarization switching and polarization bistability, which we have recently observed in InGaAsP/InP semiconductor lasers. By operating the laser in the direct-polarization-switchable mode, the output of the laser can be directly switched between the TM <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">00</inf> and TE <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">00</inf> modes with high extinction ratios by changing the injection-current level, and optical logic gates are constructed with two optoelectronic switches or photodetectors. In the polarization-bistable mode, the laser exhibits controllable hysteresis loops in the polarization-resolved power versus current characteristics. When the laser is biased in the middle of hysteresis loop, the light output can be switched between the two polarization states by injection of short electrical or optical pulses, and clocked optical flip-flops are constructed with a few optoelectronic switches and/or photodetectors. The 1 and 0 states of these devices are defined through polarization changes of the laser and direct complement functions are obtainable from the TE and TM output signals from the same laser. Switching of the polarization-bistable lasers with fast-rising current pulses has an instrument-limited mode-switching time on the order of 1 ns. With fast optoelectronic switches and/or fast photodetectors, the overall switching speed of the logic gates and flip-flops is limited by the polarization-bistable laser to < 1 ns. We have demonstrated the operations of these devices using optical signals generated by semiconductor lasers. The proposed schemes of our devices are compatible with monolithic integration based on current fabrication technology and are applicable to other types of bistable semiconductor lasers.
The First Structure–Activity Relationship Studies for Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (2015)

Over the past decade, two independent technologies have emerged and been widely adopted by the neuroscience community for remotely controlling neuronal activity: optogenetics which utilize engineered channelrhodopsin and other opsins, and chemogenetics which utilize engineered G protein-coupled receptors (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs)) and other orthologous ligand-receptor pairs. Using directed molecular evolution, two types of DREADDs derived from human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors have been developed: hM3Dq which activates neuronal firing, and hM4Di which inhibits neuronal firing. Importantly, these DREADDs were not activated by the native ligand acetylcholine (ACh), but selectively activated by clozapine N-oxide (CNO), a pharmacologically inert ligand. CNO has been used extensively in rodent models to activate DREADDs, and although CNO is not subject to significant metabolic transformation in mice, a small fraction of CNO is apparently metabolized to clozapine in humans and guinea pigs, lessening the translational potential of DREADDs. To effectively translate the DREADD technology, the next generation of DREADD agonists are needed and a thorough understanding of structure-activity relationships (SARs) of DREADDs is required for developing such ligands. We therefore conducted the first SAR studies of hM3Dq. We explored multiple regions of the scaffold represented by CNO, identified interesting SAR trends, and discovered several compounds that are very potent hM3Dq agonists but do not activate the native human M3 receptor (hM3). We also discovered that the approved drug perlapine is a novel hM3Dq agonist with >10 000-fold selectivity for hM3Dq over hM3.
MobiPag: Integrated Mobile Payment, Ticketing and Couponing Solution Based on NFC (2014)

Mobile payments still remain essentially an emerging technology, seeking to fill the gap between the envisioned potential and widespread usage. In this paper, we present an integrated mobile service solution based on the near field communication (NFC) protocol that was developed under a research project called MobiPag. The most distinctive characteristic of Mobipag is its open architectural model that allows multiple partners to become part of the payment value-chain and create solutions that complement payments in many unexpected ways. We describe the Mobipag architecture and how it has been used to support a mobile payment trial. We identify a set of design lessons resulting from usage experiences associated with real-world payment situations with NFC-enabled mobile phones. Based on results from this trial, we identify a number of challenges and guidelines that may help to shape future versions of NFC-based payment systems. In particular, we highlight key challenges for the initial phases of payment deployments, where it is essential to focus on scenarios that can be identified as more feasible for early adoption. We also have identified a fundamental trade-off between the flexibility supported by the Mobipag solution and the respective implications for the payment process, particularly on the users' mental model.
Sowing the Seeds for the Ideal Crop (2010)

Researchers' wish list includes traits that could boost plant productivity. New technologies are needed to make some of these advances possible.
Spatial-angular analysis of displays for reproduction of light fields (2009)

From a signal processing perspective, we examine the main factors defining the visual quality of autostereoscopic 3-D displays, which are beginning to reproduce the plenoptic function with increasing accuracy. We propose using intuitive visual tools and ray-tracing simulations to gain insight into the signal processing aspects, and we demonstrate the advantages of analyzing what we call mixed spatial-angular spaces. With this approach we are able to intuitively demonstrate some basic limitations of displays using anisotropic diffusers or lens arrays. Furthermore, we propose new schemes for improved performance.
An adaptive neural network admission controller for dynamic bandwidth allocation (1998)

In an access node to a hybrid-switching network (e.g., a base station handling the downlink in a cellular wireless network), the output link bandwidth is dynamically shared between isochronous (guaranteed bandwidth) and asynchronous traffic types. The bandwidth allocation is effected by an admission controller, whose goal is to minimize the refusal rate of connection requests as well as the loss probability of packets queued in a finite buffer. Optimal admission control strategies are approximated by means of backpropagation feedforward neural networks, acting on the embedded Markov chain of the connection dynamics. The case of unknown, slowly varying, input rates is explicitly considered. Numerical results are presented, comparing the approximation with the optimal solution obtained by dynamic programming.
Scenario Planning: A Tool for Strategic Thinking (1995)

Among the many tools a manager can use for strategic planning, scenario planning stands out for its ability to capture a whole range of possibilities in rich detail. By identifying basic trends and uncertainties, a manager can construct a series of scenarios what will help to compensate for the usual errors in decision making ? overconfidence and tunnel vision. Through case studies of Interpublic, an international advertising agency, and Anglo-American Corporation in South Africa, the author describes how to build scenarios in a step-by-step process and how to use the resulting stories to plan a company's future.
A feed-forward loop guarantees robust behavior in <i>Escherichia coli</i> carbohydrate uptake (2008)

MATLAB files for model simulations are available on http://www.mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de/people/kre/robust/ A short description of the files provided on this site can be found in the Supporting information.
Liquid Metal: An Innovative Solution to Uniform Graphene Films (2014)

The self-limited chemical vapor deposition of uniform single-layer graphene on Cu foils generated significant interest when it was initially discovered. Soon after, the fabrication of real uniform graphene was found to need extremely precise control of the growth conditions. Slight deviations terminate the self-limiting homogeneous growth, inevitably leading to multilayer graphene formation. Here we propose an innovative way to utilize liquid metals to resolve this thorny problem. In stark contrast to the low carbon solubility found in solid metals (e.g., Cu), catalytically decomposed carbon atoms are embedded in liquid metals. During cooling, the homogeneous solidified surface forms from the quasi-atomic smooth liquid surface, and carbon precipitation is blocked by the frozen metal lattices, which are insoluble to carbon. The underlying liquid bulk acts as a container to buffer the excess carbon supply, which normally would lead to the formation of multilayer graphene in the conventional CVD process. As a result, the growth of graphene becomes governed by a self-limiting surface catalytic process and is robust to variations in growth conditions. With simplicity, scalability, and a large growth window, the use of liquid metals provides an attractive solution to obtain uniform graphene.
Securely handling staff terminations (1997)

Discusses risks to organizational computer security following staff termination and provides anecdotal evidence of what can go wrong. Suggests a policy for dealing with computer security in the event of staff leaving an organization.
The Anti‐Inflammatory Effect of Human Telomerase‐Derived Peptide on <i>P. gingivalis</i> Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Inflammatory Cytokine Production and Its Mechanism in Human Dental Pulp Cells (2015)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered with inducing pulpal inflammation and has lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an inflammatory stimulator. GV1001 peptide has anticancer and anti-inflammation activity due to inhibiting activation of signaling molecules after penetration into the various types of cells. Therefore, this study examined inhibitory effect of GV1001 on dental pulp cells (hDPCs) stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS. The intracellular distribution of GV1001 was analyzed by confocal microscopy. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines. The role of signaling by MAP kinases (ERK and p38) was explored using Western blot analysis. The effect of GV1001 peptide on hDPCs viability was measured by MTT assay. GV1001 was predominantly located in hDPC cytoplasm. The peptide inhibited P. gingivalis LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in hDPCs without significant cytotoxicity. Furthermore, GV1001 treatment markedly inhibited the phosphorylation of MAP kinases (ERK and p38) in LPS-stimulated hDPCs. GV1001 may prevent P. gingivalis LPS-induced inflammation of apical tissue. Also, these findings provide mechanistic insight into how GV1001 peptide causes anti-inflammatory actions in LPS-stimulated pulpitis without significantly affecting cell viability.
REACTIONS OF VANILLIN (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTREACTIONS OF VANILLINIrwin A. PearlCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 9, 1628–1629Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01225a520https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01225a520research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views398Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts