gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antithrombotic Efficacy in the Guinea Pig of a Derivative of Human Protein C With Enhanced Activation by Thrombin (1997)

Conversion by alpha-thrombin of the zymogen human protein C (HPC) to activated protein C (aPC) is an important physiologic feedback control mechanism for the coagulation cascade. Although activation of HPC by thrombomodulin-bound thrombin is relatively rapid, activation by free thrombin occurs at a significantly slower rate. Previously, we generated a "hyper-activatable" derivative of HPC (FLIN-Q3) with an increased activation rate by free alpha-thrombin in vitro. In this study, the antithrombotic efficacy of FLIN-Q3 was compared with both native zymogen and aPC in an arteriovenous shunt model of thrombosis in the guinea pig. Recombinant proteins were infused 15 minutes before and throughout a 15-minute period while blood was circulated from carotid to jugular through tubing that enclosed a thread on which fibrin was deposited. Parallel dose-dependent antithrombotic responses were observed. Under these non-steady-state conditions, the calculated infusion doses associated with a 50% reduction of thrombus mass were 2.7, 24, and 250 mg/kg/h for aPC, FLIN-Q3, and HPC, respectively. Thrombus weight correlated inversely with plasma concentration of aPC, measured amidolytically, from either direct infusion of aPC or that generated from the zymogens in the animal, and similarly correlated inversely with anticoagulant activity measured by whole blood aPTT. Neither zymogen form showed significant aPC activity before shunt circulation, suggesting a requirement for exposure to thrombin. After the infusion was discontinued for 15 minutes, a second period of thrombus formation in the shunt demonstrated the ability of zymogen forms of PC, unlike aPC, to provide "on-demand" anticoagulant responses to repeated thrombotic stimuli. Thus, a "hyper-activatable" PC molecule such as FLIN-Q3 may represent a superior form of anticoagulant therapy than either the native zymogen or aPC.
Profile of glycosaminoglycan‐degrading glycosidases and glycoside sulfatases secreted by human articular chondrocytes in homeostasis and inflammation (2000)

These data support the concept that lysosomal glycosidases, in particular hexosaminidase, represent a distinct subset of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes that are activated by proinflammatory stimuli.
Assessing the HPA axis in patients with pituitary disease: a UK survey (2005)

Thus, assessment of the HPA axis remains controversial. Although the SST is becoming more popular, there is still considerable variation in the interpretation of results and, in particular, the decision of whether or not to treat with lifelong glucocorticoid replacement therapy.
<title>Sedimentary rocks in our mouth: dental pulp stones made by nanobacteria</title> (1998)

The mechanisms of dental pulp stone formation are still largely unknown. Pulp stones are mainly composed of carbonate apatite. Only few experimental reports have elucidated the potential of some selected bacteria to produce apatite under in vitro conditions using special calcification media. The tested stone forming bacteria were, in fact, often better known for their cariogenic potential. Our preliminary work with 18 dental pulp stones from Turkey, selected only by severity of the stone formation, indicated the presence of nanobacterial antigens in the demineralized stones. Furthermore, high incidence of kidney stones and gall stones in the patient group and in their parents was found. This raises the implication that nanobacteria may enter the body also via oral route, in addition to the parenteral and transplacental routes. The role of nanobacteria in dental pulp stone formation was further studied by following nanobacterial colonization and mineral formation on human tooth in vitro. Two molar teeth, one having pulp stone and one without, were vertically cut into two pieces, sterilized by autoclaving and incubated with or without nanobacteria in DMEM. Electron microscopic observations indicate that nanobacteria can cause apatite stone formation on tooth surface. The sever from of dental pulp stone formation might be associated with nanobacteria. This form of dental disease results in loss of teeth due to osteolytic processes. This addresses the necessity for a study on unconventional mineral-forming bacteria as a cause for human diseases.
Role of rebreathing in determination of the blood-breath ratio of expired ethanol (1983)

To settle certain discrepancies about the correct value of the blood-breath ratio of ethanol, I analyzed samples of end-expired air, rebreathed air, and venous blood during the postabsorptive phase of ethanol metabolism in healthy men. Ethanol was determined in blood and breath by gas chromatography. After rebreathing one to five times the concentrations of ethanol rose by 5.3, 11.2, 13.7, 14.8, and 16.9%, respectively, above the levels in end-expired air. The average increase after three cycles of rebreathing was about 10% after adjusting for the higher airway temperatures associated with rebreathing. Both methods of breath sampling correlated well with blood ethanol. The mean blood-breath ratio of ethanol was 2,225 +/- 111 (SD, n = 23) for end-expired breath and this value decreased by 5.7%/1 degree C rise in expired air temperature (P less than 0.05). The ratio was 1,947 +/- 110 (n = 23) after five cycles of rebreathing, and it was not significantly influenced by temperature, 0.5%/1 degree C (P greater than 0.05). Ethanol vapor is highly soluble in water and can rapidly equilibrate between airway fluids and respiratory air. During rebreathing the concentration of ethanol in breath rises leading to lower blood-breath partition ratios.
The split and merge (SAM) protocol for interactive video-on-demand systems (2002)

A true video-on-demand (VOD) system provides the ultimate flexibility in video services by allowing users to select any video programs, at any time, and to perform any VCR-like user interactions. To allow true VOD, one approach is to have a dedicated video stream for each customer. This is expensive, especially when multiple identical video streams are sent to multiple customers accessing the same video. To be commercially viable, VOD service must be priced competitively with existing video rental services. Batching may be used to reduce this cost. It allows multiple users accessing the same video to share the same video stream. The batching approach, however, complicates the provision of user interactions. Existing batching schemes only allow near VOD services. This paper describes a new protocol, called split and merge (SAM), which offers true VOD services while allowing multiple users to share the same video stream. This sharing is transparent to the users and it appears as if each has a dedicated video stream. Our approach is to split an interactive user from the batch and to serve him with a dedicated video stream. We develop an innovative way to merge these individuals back to the batching streams when they resume normal play mode. The SAM protocol therefore significantly improves the system resource utilization and the number of simultaneous users, and more importantly, allows true VOD services.
Novel Compact Spider Microstrip Antenna with New Defected Ground Structure (2012)

Two novel Defected Ground Structures (DGS) were first proposed, which have better results than that of the dumbbell (published shape). Using the general model of DGS, its equivalent parameters were extracted. The two new proposed shapes of DGS were then used to design a novel compact spider microstrip antenna to minimize its area. The size of the developed antenna was reduced to about 90.5% of that of the conventional one. This antenna with two different novel shapes of DGS was designed and simulated by using the ready-made software package Zeland-IE3D. Finally, it was fabricated by using thin film and photolithographic technique and measured by using vector network analyzer. Good agreements were found between the simulated and measured results.
125 Mpbs IR wireless link for IEEE 1394 multimedia home network (2002)

We have demonstrated the world's first IEEE 1394 IR wireless transceiver for a multimedia home network. Our repeater communicates over a distance of up to 10 m. Moreover, it supports IEEE 1394 S100 and complies with IEC 60825-1 class 1.
Development of Combat Uniform Fabrics Exhibiting Durable Electrostatic Dissipation Properties (2002)

Abstract : DuPont developed a new electrostatic dissipative fiber called P140. Seven yards of fabric, containing warp and filling bands of various blends of cotton, nylon, and P140, were manufactured to determine the appropriate fiber ratio to achieve the desired electrostatic dissipative performance. These fabrics were tested for electrostatic decay properties initially, after 5, 10, 20, and 30 wash cycles. Most all of the fabrics containing P140 fiber accepted at least the minimum required level of 4000 volts and demonstrated overall decay times of less than 0.5 seconds through 30 wash cycles. One percent P140 was selected as the optimum level for long term durability and protection and was further evaluated in the standard nylon/cotton twill configuration. Three hundred yards of the Temperate Battledress Uniform (BDU) fabric were manufactured with 50 percent cotton, 49 percent nylon, and 1 percent P140. The addition of 1 percent P140 fiber to the nylon and cotton blend fabric resulted in durable electrostatic dissipation through 30 wash cycles and did not detrimentally affect physical, colorfastness, shade or infrared reflectance properties.
Surface tension of calcium hydroxide associated with different substances (2005)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface tension of calcium hydroxide (CH) associated with different substances (deionized distilled water, camphorated paramonochlorophenol, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, Otosporin, 3% sodium lauryl ether sulphate; Furacin, PMC Furacin) using tensiometer. The action of the substances studied on the dentinal structure enhances the property of surface tension. This method consists in the application of force to separate a platinum ring immersed in the substances. Thus, torsion was applied to the screw until the platinum ring separated during substances testing. Considering the methodology applied, the following can be concluded: distilled water alone or associated with CH presented a high surface tension (70.00 and 68.40 dynes/cm); calcium hydroxide in association with anionic detergent showed low surface tension (31.60 dynes/cm); camphorated paramonochlorophenol plus CH presented low surface tension (37.50 dynes/cm); 2% chlorhexidine associated with calcium hydroxide showed high surface tension values (58.00 dynes/cm); Otosporin plus calcium hydroxide showed low surface tension (35.40 dynes/cm); paramonochlorophenol Furacin mixed with calcium hydroxide presented surface tension equal to 45.50 dynes/cm; sodium hypochlorite presented high surface tension (75.00 dynes/cm). Antimicrobial agents more indicated in endodontics, i.e. CH, chlorhexidine and hypochlorite, presented the highest surface tension.
Ceramide-independent CD28 and TCR signaling but reduced IL-2 secretion in T cells of acid sphingomyelinase-deficient mice (1998)

Ceramide generated by lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) has been proposed to contribute to CD28 co-stimulatory signaling pathways. We used an aSMase-deficient mouse line (asmase-/-) to elucidate the role of the aSMase in splenocytes stimulated with either a combination of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies, the lectin concanavalin A (Con A) or the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B. All stimuli were shown to induce IL-2 expression, Con A additionally triggered the expression of high-affinity IL-2 receptor. However, in asmase-/- mice secretion of IL-2 was significantly reduced, whereas the intracellular IL-2 levels were elevated. Proliferation of anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or Con A-stimulated aSMase-deficient splenocytes was reduced up to 50% after 72 h in comparison to wild-type cells. We conclude that ceramide generated by aSMase is not involved in CD28 signal transduction, but rather a perturbation of the secretory system is responsible for the impaired proliferation of aSMase-deficient splenocytes.
A32390A, a new biologically active metabolite. II. Isolation and structure. (1978)

An inhibitor of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, designated A32390A, was isolated from the culture broth of a Pyrenochaeta species. The inhibitor showed antimicrobial activity against fungi and gram-positive bacteria. Spectroscopic analysis and chemical degradation studies indicated that the structure was 1,6-di-O-(2-isocyano-3-methylcrotonyl)-D-mannitol.
Spatially adaptive sub-branches for HD-MAC (1988)

The authors describe how spatially adaptive filtering can be used in the HD-MAC system to increase the apparent resolution and to indicate how it can be used in conjunction with motion compensation. Simulated systems of five and seven branch HD-MAC transmission systems are constructed, giving results that have a substantial improvement in resolution over a three branch system without introducing objectionable switching artefacts or requiring a major increase in high definition receiver complexity. The MAC channel provides sufficient capacity for the DATV requirements of either of these systems. The quality of the picture decoded by a conventional MAC receiver is adequate and not worse than that received using the basic HD-MAC system. A further system which uses motion compensation in regions of coherent motion and adaptive filtering where motion compensation fails is being developed. >
Sparse localized facial motion dictionary learning for facial expression recognition (2014)

This paper presents a new framework for facial motion modeling with applications to facial expression recognition. First, we design sparse localized facial motion dictionaries from dense motion flow data of facial expression image sequences. Regularization based on spatial localized support map in addition to the sparsity constraints enables spatially localized dictionary learning. Proposed localized dictionaries are effective for local facial motion description as well as global facial motion analysis. Experimental results using CK+ database shows promising results for automatic facial expression recognition from motion flow data.
Engl. PERFORMANCE OF COATED LININGS IN FOOTWEAR IN THE United Kingdom (1973)

This paper surveys the use of synthetic coated linings in footwear. It covers PVC coatings on woven and non-woven backers, suede materials, rubberised linings, and leather linings.
Allele-Specific Reduction of the Mutant Huntingtin Allele Using Transcription Activator-Like Effectors in Human Huntington's Disease Fibroblasts (2016)

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by an abnormal expansion of CAG repeats. Although pathogenesis has been attributed to this polyglutamine expansion, the underlying mechanisms through which the huntingtin protein functions have yet to be elucidated. It has been suggested that postnatal reduction of mutant huntingtin through protein interference or conditional gene knockout could prove to be an effective therapy for patients suffering from HD. For allele-specific targeting, transcription activator-like effectors (TALE) were designed to target single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the mutant allele and packaged into a vector backbone containing KRAB to promote transcriptional repression of the disease-associated allele. Additional TALEs were packaged into a vector backbone containing heterodimeric FokI and were designed to be used as nucleases (TALEN) to cause a CAG-collapse in the mutant allele. Human HD fibroblasts were treated with each TALE-SNP or TALEN. Allele-expression was measured using a SNP-genotyping assay and mutant protein aggregation was quantified with Western blots for anti-ubiquitin. The TALE-SNP and TALEN significantly reduced mutant allele expression (p < 0.05) when compared to control transfections while not affecting expression of the nondisease allele. This study demonstrates the potential of allele-specific gene modification using TALE proteins, and provides a foundation for targeted treatment for individuals suffering from Huntington's or other genetically linked diseases.
Economical long-tail pair with no tail (1965)

A transistor complementary-pair differential-amplifier circuit is shown, having a performance equal to a conventional long-tail-pair circuit with constant-current-emitter tail, but having the advantages of half the current consumption, economy of components and hence smaller physical size. Measured results and a circuit with values are included.
Studies on the condensation of lignins in alkaline media. Part II. The formation of stilbene and arylcoumaran structures through neighbouring group participation reactions (1977)

The alkaline condensation of p-hydroxyarylglycerol-β-aryl ether units in lignin with other phenolic structures and the subsequent reactions of the condensation products have been elucidated using appropriate model compounds. It is shown that the primary condensation of simple phenols (2,6-xylenol or resorcinol) into the α-position of phenolic compounds of the β-aryl ether type is followed by an aryl participation (A 1 -3) reaction resulting in the cleavage of the β-aryl ether bond and formation of the corresponding stilbene derivative. When resorcinol is used as reaction partner, the condensation is also followed by the cleavage of the β-aryl ether linkage through another type of neighbouring group participation reaction involving the phenolate anion ortho to the site of condensation and giving rise to the corresponding aryl-coumaran derivative.The consequences of these findings for the course of alkaline delignification processes are briefly discussed.
Binding of Antisense Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides to Murine Lymphocytes Is Lineage Specific and Inducible (1992)

A phosphorothioate oligonucleotide that has been employed to inhibit HIV-1 viral expression in chronically infected H9 cells was examined for its ability to associate with murine lymphoid cells. The relationship between cellular oligonucleotide concentration and the lymphoid target tissues is important to the selection of an animal model, evaluation of potential side effects, and understanding the actions of a therapeutically useful antisense oligonucleotide. Lymphoid cells were harvested from murine peripheral blood, bone marrow, thymus, lymph node, and spleen. Cell subpopulations that bind the oligonucleotide were distinguished by two-color flow cytometry employing a fluorescein-labeled anti-rev oligonucleotide and phycoerythrin-labeled antibodies to selected cell surface molecules associated with unique subpopulations of cells. Very little oligonucleotide binding was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or thymic T cells, but substantial numbers of cells, primarily B cells from bone marrow and spleen, accumulated the oligonucleotide. The cell-associated oligonucleotide was increased significantly in lymphoid populations when the cells were mitogen pretreated with either concanavalin-A (ConA), a T cell mitogen, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a B cell mitogen. These data clearly demonstrate the ability of fluorescein-conjugated oligonucleotides to bind to unique cell populations in suspension, allowing simultaneous two-color phenotypic analysis, suggesting that fluorescein-conjugated oligonucleotides may be a useful bridge between in vitro molecular biology techniques and in vivo cell biology. In addition, these data provide optimism concerning the in vivo treatment of chronically infected HIV patients using antisense oligonucleotides.
Bcl3 Selectively Promotes Metastasis of ERBB2-Driven Mammary Tumors (2012)

Bcl3 is a putative proto-oncogene deregulated in hematopoietic and solid tumors. Studies in cell lines suggest that its oncogenic effects are mediated through the induction of proliferation and inhibition of cell death, yet its role in endogenous solid tumors has not been established. Here, we address the oncogenic effect of Bcl3 in vivo and describe how this Stat3-responsive oncogene promotes metastasis of ErbB2-positive mammary tumors without affecting primary tumor growth or normal mammary function. Deletion of the Bcl3 gene in ErbB2-positive (MMTV-Neu) mice resulted in a 75% reduction in metastatic tumor burden in the lungs with a 3.6-fold decrease in cell turnover index in these secondary lesions with no significant effect on primary mammary tumor growth, cyclin D1 levels, or caspase-3 activity. Direct inhibition of Bcl3 by siRNA in a transplantation model of an Erbb2-positive mammary tumor cell line confirmed the effect of Bcl3 in malignancy, suggesting that the effect of Bcl3 was intrinsic to the tumor cells. Bcl3 knockdown resulted in a 61% decrease in tumor cell motility and a concomitant increase in the cell migration inhibitors Nme1, Nme2, and Nme3, the GDP dissociation inhibitor Arhgdib, and the metalloprotease inhibitors Timp1 and Timp2. Independent knockdown of Nme1, Nme2, and Arhgdib partially rescued the Bcl3 motility phenotype. These results indicate for the first time a cell-autonomous disease-modifying role for Bcl3 in vivo, affecting metastatic disease progression rather than primary tumor growth.
Effects of Growth Hormone on Human Colonic Cancer Cells (2005)

Objective To investigate the effects of human growth hormone (GH) on colonic cancer cells to provide experimental evidence about the GH safety in colonic cancer therapy. Methods The nude mouse model of colonic carcinoma induced with SW480 cell line was established to observe the effects of GH on the transplanted carcinoma. GH and 5-FU were administered to SW480 cells cultured in vitro to observe the cell growth with MTT method. Results The volume, average diameter and weight of the transplanted carcinoma in GH group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05). In vitro, the value of A in GH group was significantly higher than control group (P0.01), but the value of A in 5-FU+GH group was lower than control group(P0.01). Conclusion GH can promote colonic cancer cell growth; GH combined with cell cycle specific chemotherapeutic drugs is safe in colonic cancer therapy and may be used as a promoter of chemotherapy.
Quantitative analysis of time-resolved microwave conductivity data (2017)

Flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity (fp-TRMC) is a versatile, highly sensitive technique for studying the complex photoconductivity of solution, solid, and gas-phase samples. The purpose of this paper is to provide a standard reference work for experimentalists interested in using microwave conductivity methods to study functional electronic materials, describing how to conduct and calibrate these experiments in order to obtain quantitative results. The main focus of the paper is on calculating the calibration factor, K, which is used to connect the measured change in microwave power absorption to the conductance of the sample. We describe the standard analytical formulae that have been used in the past, and compare them to numerical simulations. This comparison shows that the most widely used analytical analysis of fp-TRMC data systematically under-estimates the transient conductivity by ~60%. We suggest a more accurate semi-empirical way of calibrating these experiments. However, we emphasize that the full numerical calculation is necessary to quantify both transient and steady-state conductance for arbitrary sample properties and geometry.