gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation-dependent Localization of Microtubule-associated Protein MAP2c to the Actin Cytoskeleton (2000)

Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) is a neuronal phosphoprotein that promotes net microtubule growth and actin cross-linking and bundling in vitro. Little is known about MAP2 regulation or its interaction with the cytoskeleton in vivo. Here we investigate the in vivo function of three specific sites of phosphorylation on MAP2. cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity disrupts the MAP2-microtubule interaction in living HeLa cells and promotes MAP2c localization to peripheral membrane ruffles enriched in actin. cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylates serines within three KXGS motifs, one within each tubulin-binding repeat. These highly conserved motifs are also found in homologous proteins tau and MAP4. Phosphorylation at two of these sites was detected in brain tissue. Constitutive phosphorylation at these sites was mimicked by single, double, and triple mutations to glutamic acid. Biochemical and microscopy-based assays indicated that mutation of a single residue was adequate to disrupt the MAP2-microtubule interaction in HeLa cells. Double or triple point mutation promoted MAP2c localization to the actin cytoskeleton. Specific association between MAP2c and the actin cytoskeleton was demonstrated by retention of MAP2c-actin colocalization after detergent extraction. Specific phosphorylation states may enhance the interaction of MAP2 with the actin cytoskeleton, thereby providing a regulated mechanism for MAP2 function within distinct cytoskeletal domains.
L-Selectin: A Lectin-Like Leukocyte Adhesion Protein. (1992)

L-セレクチンは、白血球上に広く分布しているカルシウム依存性レクチン様レセプターであり、E-セレクチン (ELAM 1) やP-セレクチン (PADGEM, GMP-140, CD62) などを含む新しく見つかってきた細胞接着タンパク質のセレクチンファミリーに属している。L-セレクチンはリンパ節内の高内皮細静脈(HEV)に対して、血液由来の白血球が臓器特異的に接着する時に関与するリンパ球ホーミングレセプターとして発見された。L-セレクチンは、今や急性炎症部での血管内皮細胞と好中球との相互作用の初期段階に関係していると考えられている。セレクチンに対する内皮細胞や白血球のリガンドはすべてフコシル化されており、機能を持つためにはすべてシアル酸を要求する。L-セレクチンに対するHEVのリガンドは硫酸化、フコシル化、そしてシアリル化されたO-結合型糖蛋白質である。将来の研究の大きな目標は、セレクチンのリガンドとなっている糖鎖の構造を詳細に比較することである。L-セレクチンは血管コンパートメントのなかでの機能に加え、リンパ球や恐らくその他の白血球が中枢神経系髄鞘に付着することも仲介することができる。この後者の相互作用は、脱鞘斑症の病因として病態生理学的な重要性を持っているかもしれない。セレクチンは炎症に関するたくさんの白血球の接着反応に関係しており、さらに研究の重要性が増している。
Concentrations of LTB<sub>4</sub>, LTC<sub>4</sub>, LTD<sub>4</sub> and LTE<sub>4</sub> in bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (1991)

Fifty‐five infants with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus were evaluated for the presence of leukotriene B 4 , C 4 , D 4 and E 4 in nasopharyngeal secretions. An attempt was made to correlate concentrations of leukotrienes to arterial oxygen tension. Forty participants received conventional therapy consisting primarily of aerosolized albuterol and occasional aminophylline therapy. The other 15 individuals received ribavirin therapy in addition to conventional therapy, and leukotriene concentrations were compared among individuals in these groups. RSV infection was documented by standard methods, and leukotrienes were measured by reverse‐phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The leukotriene detected most commonly was LTC 4 (up to 83% of subjects); LTD 4 and LTB 4 were present in approximately 30% of individuals. The mean partial pressure of oxygen was found to be lower in those individuals with detectable LTB 4 than in those without detectable LTB 4 (p < 0.025), and an overall inverse correlation of LTB 4 concentrations with initial pO 2 values was observed (r = 0.318, p < 0.05). The presence and quantity of other leukotrienes did not correlate with the severity of illness. During the first week of illness, the concentration of leukotrienes declined sharply in ribavirin recipients. Individuals receiving conventional therapy during the same time interval exhibited stable or increasing leukotriene concentrations. These observations suggest that LTB 4 may be important in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis, and that ribavirin therapy may inhibit leukotriene release in the respiratory tract.
On the performance evaluation of TH and DS UWB MIMO systems (2004)

In this paper, we analyze the performance of ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing various modulation and multiple access schemes, including time hopping (TH) M-ary pulse position modulation (MPPM), TH binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and direct sequence (DS) BPSK. We quantify the performance merits of UWB space-time (ST) systems regardless of the specific coding scheme. For each modulation scheme, we introduce a framework that enables us to compare UWB MIMO systems with conventional UWB single-antenna systems in terms of diversity and coding gain. Moreover, we adopt the real orthogonal design (ROD) as the engine code for UWB ST codes. We find the closed form expressions of the average pairwise error probability (PEP) bound for all of the schemes under the hypothesis of Nakagami flat fading channels. The extension to frequency-selective fading case is also briefly addressed. Finally, simulation results are presented to support the theoretical analysis.
Monitoring Therapeutical Intervention with Ezetimibe Using Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Experimental Atherosclerosis (2008)

Ezetimibe (EZE), an inhibitor of cholesterol absorption, reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. The matrix protein ED-B fibronectin (ED-B) is upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions. Using a novel conjugate for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging targeting ED-B, we studied the effect of EZE on plaque lesion formation in apoE(-/-) mice. ApoE(-/-) mice received EZE (5 mug/kg/d) or chow up to the age of 4, 6, and 8 months. NIRF imaging of aortic lesions was performed 24 hours after intravenous application ex vivo and in vivo. Plaque lesion formation was analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Aortic lesion formation detected by Sudan staining and NIRF imaging was significantly reduced at 6 and 8 months (p < .001). Plaque areas determined by NIRF imaging significantly correlated with Sudan staining (p < .001). EZE treatment resulted in a significant reduction in plaque macrophage and ED-B immunoreactivity (both p < .05) in brachiocephalic lesions. There was a significant reduction in plaque size in brachiocephalic arteries in 8-month-old mice treated with EZE compared with mice during short-term treatment (p < .05), indicating EZE plaque regression. Targeted NIRF imaging showed a correlation to histologic lesion extension during therapeutical intervention in experimental atherosclerosis.
Il-8 as an underutilized prognostic factor in metastatic colorectal cancer. (2014)

409 Background: Cancer-associated inflammation has been identified as a key determinant of disease progression and survival in colorectal cancer. We investigated the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Methods: Plasma levels of 47 cytokines were measured using multiplex-bead assays in a cohort of 168 previously untreated mCRC patients. Demographic, clinical-pathological features, body mass index, and mortality data were abstracted from patient medical records. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Using principal component analysis, we identified a subset of cytokines explaining the maximum variance in OS; and found interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-5, IL-8, IL-12 and VEGF to be significantly associated with OS. However, only IL-8 was significantly and independently associated with OS in multivariable-adjusted models. For each 100 pg/ml increase in the level of circulating IL-8, hazard rate for death increased by 1.6 (95% CI 1.24-1.97). IL-8 measurements ranged from <1 to 413 pg/ml with a median value of 22 pg/ml. Median uncensored survival was 26.5 and 15.5 months among patients with IL-8 levels below and above this value, respectively. ROC analysis of IL-8 demonstrated an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI 0.60-0.76), as compared to 0.52 for CEA (95% CI 0.46-0.59). Conclusions: We identified an association between IL-8 and OS in previously untreated mCRC patients, suggesting its potential role as a prognostic inflammatory biomarker. In this dataset, IL-8 outperformed CEA as a prognostic biomarker, a finding which requires validation in subsequent work. Appropriately identifying, monitoring and managing chronic inflammation and the host inflammatory response during colorectal cancer treatment may be important for improving long-term survival.
Enhancement of Fourier domain optical coherence tomorgraphy images using discrete Fourier transform method (2008)

In this paper, we address the problem of spectral data sampling in Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). The interferometric information in a Fourier Domain OCT system is retrieved from spectral measurements made using a linear array spectrometer. In such spectrometers, spectral data are available as an array of points equally spaced in the wavelength domain. To obtain the spatial profile, the spectral data have to be converted to the frequency domain before applying the Fourier transform. The inverse relationship between these domains causes an unequal spacing of data points after the spectral data is converted to the frequency domain, resulting in the degradation of the FD-OCT images. The current practice typically utilizes zero-padding and spline interpolation to circumvent this problem. While these algorithms do improve the FD-OCT images, our investigations showed that more can be done to enhance the images. Toward this end, we propose a signal processing algorithm based on non-uniform discrete Fourier transform (NUDFT). The results of our algorithm are compared against the current algorithms on both simulated and experimental results.
Single-dose kinetics of deuterium-labelled cannabidiol in man after smoking and intravenous administration (1986)

The disposition of deuterium-labelled cannabidiol, 2H2-CBD, was studied in five young men who were marihuana smokers. The pattern of use ranged from infrequent to frequent use of the drug. Plasma concentrations, determined by mass fragmentography, were followed for 72 h after both intravenous administration of 20 mg 2H2-CBD and smoking of an estimated amount of 18.8-19.4 mg 2H2-CBD. Systemic availability after smoking was determined by comparing the areas under the plasma concentration versus time curves for the two treatments and was found to be 31 +/- 13%. A four-fold difference in the availability of the compound was noted for the five subjects. Based on the area under the curve and the dose after intravenous administration, a plasma clearance of 960-1560 ml min-1 was calculated. A terminal elimination phase was not reached at 72 h, but the kinetic parameters were estimated from the 72 h beta-elimination. A half-life of 31 +/- 4 h after smoking and 24 +/- 6 h after injection was estimated as well as a distribution volume of 2520 +/- 470 l (32.7 +/- 8.61 kg-1).
Design of Complex BPF with Automatic Digital Tuning Circuit for Low-IF Receivers (2009)

This paper describes the architecture and implementations of an automatic digital tuning circuit for a complex bandpass filter (BPF) in a low-power and low-cost transceiver for applications such as personal authentication and wireless sensor network systems. The architectural design analysis demonstrates that an active RC filter in a low-IF architecture can be at least 47.7% smaller in area than a conventional gm-C filter; in addition, it features a simple implementation of an associated tuning circuit. The principle of simultaneous tuning of both the center frequency and bandwidth through calibration of a capacitor array is illustrated as based on an analysis of filter characteristics, and a scalable automatic digital tuning circuit with simple analog blocks and control logic having only 835 gates is introduced. The developed capacitor tuning technique can achieve a tuning error of less than ±3.5% and lower a peaking in the passband filter characteristics. An experimental complex BPF using 0.18µm CMOS technology can successfully reduce the tuning error from an initial value of -20% to less than ±2.5% after tuning. The filter block dimensions are 1.22mm × 1.01mm; and in measurement results of the developed complex BPF with the automatic digital tuning circuit, current consumption is 705µA and the image rejection ratio is 40.3dB. Complete evaluation of the BPF indicates that this technique can be applied to low-power, low-cost transceivers.
Studies on Protamines (1968)

1. More reproducible and satisfactory chromatographic systems on CM-cellulose (see Fig. 2) were found for fractionation of whole clupeine into Y and Z fractions in place of the previous method by adsorption column chromatography on alumina. 2. Further fractionation of clupeine Y was tried on a CM-cellulose column using several buffer systems over a wide pH range. Although YI rich and YII rich fractions were obtained, complete separation of these 2 components could not be achieved in the case of intact clupeine Y. 3. From the chromatogram of clupeine Y fraction, however, clupeine Y was deduced to consist of nearly equal amounts of 2 main components, YI and YII, i.e. whole clupeine is composed of only 3 main species of molecules, YI, YII and Z. The amino acid compositions other than arginine of clupeine YI and YII were estimated as follows: 2Ala, 3Ser, 2Thr, 2Pro, 1Gly and 1Ile for clupeine YI and 2Ala, 2Ser, 1Thr, 3Pro and 2Val for clupeine YII. 4. In the case of whole clupeine modified with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, all the 3 components of clupeine were successfully fractionated as TNP-YI, TNP-Z and free YII by one step elution from a CM-cellulose column.
A distributed near real-time billing environment (1999)

This paper describes an architecture for a near-real-time billing system for use in a next-generation communications environment. The specifications of the architecture called for an open system that could scale from environments supporting a few thousand customers to those supporting hundreds of millions while maintaining the reliability and flexibility of adding new services required by modern communications service providers. The architecture was designed using a distributed processing environment incorporating lightweight hierarchical focused trading and a lightweight transactional engine. The architecture is described; following the description are the results of a simulation built to model performance.
Single chip flow sensing system with a dynamic flow range of more than 4 decades (2011)

We have realized a micromachined single chip flow sensing system with an ultra-wide dynamic flow range of more than 4 decades, from less than 0.1 up to more than 1000 μl/h. The system comprises both a thermal and a micro Coriolis flow sensor with partially overlapping flow ranges.
Anterior Plate Stabilization for Bursting Teardrop Fractures of the Cervical Spine (1988)

This report details eight patients who had bursting teardrop fractures of the cervical spinal column treated by decompressive vertebral corpectomy and anterior fusion with plate stabilization. The fracture involved C5 in six patients, C6 in one patient, and C7 in one patient. The neurologic deficit was complete in five and incomplete in three patients. At an average follow-up of 3 years, all grafts were fully incorporated, all cervical spinal columns were stable and had no deformity, and none of the fixation devices had loosened. All complete neurologic deficits have remained complete, and all patients with incomplete deficits have had significant recovery and are walking independently. There were no operative complications. After decompressive vertebral corpectomy, anterior plate stabilization followed by short-term halo-vest fixation is a safe and useful alternative for unstable bursting teardrop fractures of the cervical spinal column.
An evaluation of the inline source code exploration technique (2009)

The exploration of source code in modern integrated development environments can lead to disorientation problems due to a lack of visible exploration context as the programmer moves between successive source code displays. Inline source code exploration is a technology which facilitates the exploration of source code in context. In contrast to explicitly navigating between isolated displays of source code, the programmer fluidly introduces related source code declarations into the context of a primary or focal source code document. The inline approach provides an explicit representation of exploration context between successive source code locations, provides support for the pursuit of exploratory digressions, and allows the programmer to view multiple related source code locations simultaneously with minimal interface adjustment. In this paper we introduce inline source code exploration and describe a user experiment designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique at reducing the level of disorientation experienced by programmers during source code exploration activities. 1.
Comparison of the Forced Oscillation Technique and the Interrupter Technique for Assessing Airway Obstruction and its Reversibility in Children (2001)

The forced oscillation technique (FOT) and interrupter technique are particularly attractive for pediatric use as they require only passive cooperation from the patient. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of these methods for detecting airway obstruction and its reversibility in 118 children (3-16 yr) with asthma or chronic nocturnal cough. FOT (R(0) and R(16)) and interruption (Rint) parameters were measured at baseline and after bronchodilator inhalation (n = 94). Rint was significantly lower than R(0), especially in children with high baseline values. Baseline parameters were normalized for height and weight [R(SD)]. In children able to perform forced expiratory maneuvers (n = 93), the best discrimination between those with baseline FEV(1) < 80% or > or = 80% of predicted values was obtained with R(0)(SD). At a specificity of 80%, R(0)(SD) yielded 66% sensitivity, whereas Rint(SD) yielded only 33% sensitivity. Similarly, postbronchodilator changes in R(0)(SD) [DeltaR(0)(SD)] yielded the best discrimination between children with and without significant reversibility in FEV(1). At a specificity of 80%, DeltaR(0)(SD) yielded 67% sensitivity and DeltaRint(SD) yielded 58% sensitivity. In children unable to perform forced expiratory maneuvers (n = 25), FOT, contrary to the interrupter technique, clearly identified a subgroup of young children with high resistance values at baseline, which returned to normal after bronchodilation. We conclude that, in asthmatic children over 3 yr old, FOT measurements provide a more reliable evaluation of bronchial obstruction and its reversibility compared with the interrupter technique, especially in young children with high baseline values.
Fast Time-Domain Imaging in Elliptical Polar Coordinate for General Bistatic VHF/UHF Ultra-Wideband SAR With Arbitrary Motion (2014)

In this paper, a fast time-domain imaging algorithm called bistatic fast factorized back projection algorithm (BFFBPA) is proposed for the general bistatic VHF/UHF ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar. It cannot only accurately dispose the large spatial variant range cell migrations, serious range-azimuth coupling and complicated motion error, but also achieve the imaging efficiency similar to frequency-domain algorithms. It represents subimages in elliptical polar coordinate to reduce the computational load. The imaging geometry with arbitrary motion in this coordinate system is provided, and the bistatic back projection algorithm (BPA) is derived to provide a basis for the proposed BFFBPA. Considering motion errors, the more accurate sampling requirements for elliptical subimages is deduced to offer the near-optimum tradeoff between the imaging quality and efficiency, and the constraint of motion errors for acceptable sampling requirements is discussed. Based on this sampling requirement, the advantage of using elliptical subimage grids for this BFFBPA is analyzed. A phase error correction is performed to reduce the impact of phase errors caused by interpolations in the BFFBPA. The speed-up factor of this BFFBPA with respect to the bistatic BPA is derived. Simulation results and evaluations are given to prove the correctness of the theory analysis and validity of the proposed method.
2.4 Å Resolution Crystal Structure of the Prototypical Hormone-Processing Protease Kex2 in Complex with an Ala-Lys-Arg Boronic Acid Inhibitor <sup>,</sup> (2003)

This paper reports the first structure of a member of the Kex2/furin family of eukaryotic pro-protein processing proteases, which cleave sites consisting of pairs or clusters of basic residues. Reported is the 2.4 A resolution crystal structure of the two-domain protein ssKex2 in complex with an Ac-Ala-Lys-boroArg inhibitor (R = 20.9%, R(free) = 24.5%). The Kex2 proteolytic domain is similar in its global fold to the subtilisin-like superfamily of degradative proteases. Analysis of the complex provides a structural basis for the extreme selectivity of this enzyme family that has evolved from a nonspecific subtilisin-like ancestor. The P-domain of ssKex2 has a novel jelly roll like fold consisting of nine beta strands and may potentially be involved, along with the buried Ca(2+) ion, in creating the highly determined binding site for P(1) arginine.
Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. (1998)

The factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS; S. H. Lovibond & P. F. Lovibond, 1995) and the 21-item short form of these measures (DASS-21) were examined in nonclinical volunteers (n = 49) and patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnoses of panic disorder (n = 67), obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 54), social phobia (n = 74), specific phobia (n = 17), and major depressive disorder (n = 46). This study replicates previous findings indicating that the DASS distinguishes well between features of depression, physical arousal, and psychological tension and agitation and extends these observations to the DASS-21. In addition, the internal consistency and concurrent validity of the DASS and DASS-21 were in the acceptable to excellent ranges. Mean scores for the various groups were similar to those in previous research, and in the expected direction. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Research on hot spot temperature monitoring technology of transformer winding (2021)

Abstract A temperature monitoring system based on fiber grating is designed to realize real-time measurement of the hot spot temperature of transformer windings. This paper introduces the principle of fiber grating temperature measurement, and use the Maxwell and Fluent modules in ANSYS to simulate and analyze the electromagnetic field-fluid field-temperature field of the transformer to obtain specific information about hot spots so that the fiber grating can be placed reasonably. Through the fiber grating wavelength demodulation system based on volume phase grating, the center wavelength value of the grating is obtained, and the quantitative relationship between the center wavelength and temperature is found, which proves the feasibility of the system.
Different Effects of Static Versus Cyclic Compressive Loading on Rat Intervertebral Disc Height and Water Loss In Vitro (2007)

Peak magnitude of cyclic compression and not RMS value was most important in determining height change and water loss, likely due to differences between disc creep and recovery rates. Water redistribution from nucleus to anulus occurred under loading consistent with an initial elastic compression (and associated disc bulge) followed by a reduction in disc volume over time.