gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust noise estimation applied to different speech estimators (2004)

In this paper we present robust noise estimation for speech enhancement algorithms. The robust noise estimation based on a modified minima controlled recursive averaging noise estimator was applied to different speech estimators. The investigated speech estimators were spectral subtraction (SS), log spectral amplitude speech estimator (LSA) and optimally modified log spectral amplitude estimator (OM-LSA). The performances of the different algorithms were measured both by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and recognition accuracy of automatic speech recognition (ASR).
Boron doped simulated graphene field effect transistor model (2016)

Graphene based electronic devices due to its unique properties has transformed electronics. A Graphene Field Effect Transistor (GNRFET) model is simulated in Virtual Nano Lab (VNL) and the calculations are based on density functional theory (DFT). Simulations were performed on this pristine GNRFET model and the transmission spectrum was observed. The graph obtained showed a uniform energy gap of +1 to −1eV and the highest transmission peak at −1.75 eV. To this pristine model of GNRFET, doping was introduced and its effect was seen on the Fermi level obtained in the transmission spectrum. Boron as a dopant was used which showed variations in both the transmission peaks and the energy gap. In this model, first the single boron was substituted in place of carbon and Fermi level showed an energy gap of 1.5 to −0.5eV with the highest transmission peak at −1.3 eV. In another variation in the model, two carbon atoms were replaced by two boron atoms and Fermi level shifted from 2 to 0.25eV. In this observation, the highest transmission peak was observed at −1(approx.). The use of nanoelectronic devices have opened many areas of applications as GFET is an excellent building block for electronic circuits, and is being used in applications such as high-performance frequency doublers and mixers, digital modulators, phase detectors, optoelectronics and spintronics.
Quickly generating billion-record synthetic databases (1994)

Evaluating database system performance often requires generating synthetic databases—ones having certain statistical properties but filled with dummy information. When evaluating different database designs, it is often necessary to generate several databases and evaluate each design. As database sizes grow to terabytes, generation often takes longer than evaluation. This paper presents several database generation techniques. In particular it discusses: (1) Parallelism to get generation speedup and scaleup. (2) Congruential generators to get dense unique uniform distributions. (3) Special-case discrete logarithms to generate indices concurrent to the base table generation. (4) Modification of (2) to get exponential, normal, and self-similar distributions.
Treatment of Juxtafusional Degeneration with Artificial Disc Replacement (ADR) (2003)

Eleven patients with juxtafusional degeneration syndrome underwent artificial disc replacement (ADR). Of these, five patients followed up for >6 months were analyzed for the current report. Surgery for juxtafusional degeneration was performed mean 4.9 years from their initial operation. The presenting features were neurologic compromise in four and severe back pain in one, with a mean Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score of 64%. The replaced levels were L1-L2 in one, L3-L4 in three, L4-L5 in one, and L5-S1 in one. L1-L2 replacement was performed through a left flank approach. At 6 months, all patients had complete resolution of neurologic symptoms, and ODI decreased to 24%. ADR shows promising early results in juxtafusional degeneration in well-selected patients.
The effects of compressor seventh-stage bleed air extraction on performance of the F100-PW-220 afterburning turbofan engine (1991)

A study was conducted to determine the effects of seventh-stage compressor bleed on the performance of the F100 afterburning turbofan engine. The effects of bleed on thrust, specific fuel consumption, fan turbine inlet temperature, bleed total pressure, and bleed total temperature were obtained from the engine manufacturer's status deck computer simulation. These effects were determined for power settings of intermediate, partial afterburning, and maximum afterburning for Mach numbers between 0.6 and 2.2 and for altitudes of 30,000, 40,000, and 50,000 ft. It was found that thrust loss and specific fuel consumption increase were approximately linear functions of bleed flow and, based on a percent-thrust change basis, were approximately independent of power setting.
Water-stress-induced changes in the abscisic acid content of guard cells and other cells of <i>Vicia faba</i> L. leaves as determined by enzyme-amplified immunoassay (1988)

A highly sensitive, solid-phase, enzyme-amplified immunoassay for the plant growth regulator (+)-abscisic acid (ABA) was developed. The assay sensitivity (0.2-10 fmol) was sufficient for analyzing free ABA in homogeneous tissue samples dissected from Vicia faba L. leaves. Eight hours after detached leaves had been desiccated to 10% loss of fresh weight, the bulk leaf ABA content increased from </=0.2 to 6.2 ng.(mg dry weight)(-1). Epidermal tissue, spongy parenchyma cells, and palisade parenchyma cells from this water-stressed leaf had the following ABA contents, respectively: 4.8, 9.4, and 9.0 ng.(mg dry weight)(-1). Guard cells, which respond to exogenous ABA by losing solutes and volume, were also assayed. When they were dissected from control (fully hydrated) leaves, their ABA content was approximately 0.7 fg.(cell pair)(-1) [[unk]0.2 ng.(mg dry weight)(-1)]. In contrast, the ABA content of guard cells of water-stressed leaves was approximately 17.7 fg.(cell pair)(-1). These results indicate that ABA accumulation in a highly stressed V. faba leaflet is generalized; guard cells contain only 0.15% of bulk leaf ABA. The time course for loss of ABA from guard cells of a floating epidermal peel was studied. There was little loss within 30 min, but after 4 hr, the ABA content was only 17% of the original value. These results indicate that the bulk of guard cell ABA is not readily diffusible (i.e., probably not apoplastic). The results also indicate that common laboratory procedures results in lowered guard cell ABA content.
Antibacterial activity of baking soda. (1996)

The antibacterial activity of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) was assessed using three different experimental approaches. Standard minimum inhibitory concentration analyses revealed substantial inhibitory activity against Streptococcus mutans that was not due to ionic strength or high osmolarity. Short-term exposure assays showed significant killing of bacterial suspensions when baking soda was combined with the detergent sodium dodecylsulfate. Multiple, brief exposures of sucrose-colonized S mutans to baking soda and sodium dodecylsulfate caused statistically significant decreases in numbers of viable cells. Use of oral health care products with high concentrations of baking soda could conceivably result in decreased levels of cariogenic S mutans in saliva and plaque.
Controlling Cytokine Storm Is Vital in COVID-19 (2020)

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global outbreak and severely posed threat to people's health and social stability. Mounting evidence suggests that immunopathological changes, including diminished lymphocytes and elevated cytokines, are important drivers of disease progression and death in coronavirus infections. Cytokine storm not only limits further spread of virus in the body but also induces secondary tissue damage through the secretion of large amounts of active mediators and inflammatory factors. It has been determined that cytokine storm is a major cause of deaths in COVID-19; therefore, in order to reverse the deterioration of severe and critically ill patients from this disease, the cytokine storm has become a key therapeutic target. Although specific mechanisms of the occurrences of cytokine storms in COVID-19 have not been fully illuminated, hyper-activated innate immune responses, and dysregulation of ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) expression and its downstream pathways might provide possibilities. Tailored immunoregulatory therapies have been applied to counteract cytokine storms, such as inhibition of cytokines, corticosteroids, blood purification therapy, and mesenchymal stem cell therapy. This review will summarize advances in the research of cytokine storms induced by COVID-19, as well as potential intervention strategies to control cytokine storms.
Synthesis and stereochemistry of 11-substituted 5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-6,9-methanobenzocyclooctenes (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and stereochemistry of 11-substituted 5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-6,9-methanobenzocyclooctenesPatrice C. Belanger, Robert N. Young, John S. Scheigetz, Claude Dufresne, and James P. SpringerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 22, 4329–4334Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00143a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00143a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A group signature scheme with revocation (2004)

A group signature scheme allows any group member to sign on behalf of the group in an anonymous and unlinkable fashion. In the event of a dispute, a designated trusted entity can reveal the identity of the signer. In this paper we propose a revocation method for group signatures based on the group signature scheme from C. Popescu., (2000). This method requires no time periods and offers constant length signatures.
Picosecond acoustic pulse reflection from a metal-metal interface (1990)

Picosecond duration laser pulses are used to generate ultrashort acoustic pulses in a bilayer metal film. Time-resolved transient piezoreflectance measurements permit the observation of acoustic reflections from a metal-metal interface within the film, as well as reflections from the film-substrate interface. We show that our measurements are well described by an abrupt interface model of acoustic mismatch.
Visible-Spectrum Solar-Light-Mediated Benzylic C–H Oxygenation Using 9,10-Dibromoanthracene As an Initiator (2020)

We report a visible-light-mediated benzylic C-H oxygenation reaction. The reaction is initiated by solar light or the blue LED activation of 9,10-dibromoanthracene in a reaction with oxygen and takes place at ambient temperature and air pressure. Secondary benzylic positions are oxygenated to ketones, while tertiary benzylic carbons are oxygenated to give hydroperoxides. Notably, cumene hydroperoxide is produced in a higher yield and at milder conditions than the currently employed industrial conditions.
Irritable bowel syndrome: an update on therapeutic modalities (2001)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common condition that a physician faces in the GI clinic. Of the general population, 10 - 25% suffer from symptoms judged to be IBS. The negative impact of this disease includes not only pain, suffering and direct medical expenses but also significant social and job-related consequences. IBS can be the result of dysfunction in any part of the brain-gut axis: alterations in the CNS caused by psychological or other factors, abnormal gastrointestinal motility, or heightened visceral sensations. Diagnosis is based on either the Manning or Rome-II criteria. Education, reassurance and emotional support are the cornerstones of successful treatment. The mainstays of the current therapeutic approach continue to be: stress management strategies, dietary modification entailing addition of dietary fibre and pharmacotherapy. Pharmacotherapy is still limited to treating symptoms. Newer drugs that modulate motility or drugs that modulate visceral sensation may be useful in selected cases. Psychopharmacological agents are useful in the treatment of IBS, especially in those with psychological co-morbidity. Alternative therapies such as homeopathy, acupuncture, special diets, herbal medication and several forms of psychological treatments and hypnotherapy are sought by many patients and are now being offered by physicians as treatment options, either alone or in conjunction with conventional forms of therapy in patients with refractory symptoms.
Virtual memory management for interactive continuous media applications (1997)

This paper proposes a virtual memory management system suitable for interactive continuous media applications. Interactive continuous media applications usually require a large amount of memory for storing their code, data, and stack segments. In traditional operating systems, demand paging makes it possible to execute such large applications by storing most pages in secondary disks. However, continuous media applications should avoid page faults for ensuring timing constraints of continuous media since it takes a long time to swap pages between physical memory and secondary storage. Thus, it is difficult to satisfy timing constraints of continuous media. Therefore, some operating systems provide memory wiring primitives that enable applications to wire pages in physical memory by specifying the range of virtual address spaces explicitly. On the other hand, our virtual memory management system enables continuous media applications to reserve physical memory for allocating pages as soon as possible when the applications require the pages. The system implicitly and incrementally allocates and wires pages used for processing timing critical media data. Also, our system supports applications that adapt the amount of wired memory to the memory usage of other continuous media applications.
655 Integrity Monitoring of Bolted Joints Using Nonlinear Wave Modulation (2006)

ボルト締結や溶接,接着などによる接合部は,機械や構造物のあらゆる部分に使用されている.これら接合部の健全性を常に評価し維持することは,機械・構造システム全体の健全性を確保するうえで,極めて重要である.繰り返し荷重などによる締結ボルトの緩みや溶接部におけるクラックの進展など,接合部の健全性の劣化に対して適切で迅速な対応をとるためには,これらの損傷を可能な限り初期の段階で検知することが求められる.本研究では,接合部における初期損傷の検出手法として,接合面における微視的な相対運動によって接合部を隔てた2点間の超音波の伝播特性が変化することを利用した非線形波動変調法を,機械的結合部,特にボルト締結部に適用することを提案し,その可能性を実験的に検討する.
Specific Effects in Acid Catalysis by Ion Exchange Resins. I. Hydrolysis of Esters in 70% Aqueous Acetone<sup>1</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpecific Effects in Acid Catalysis by Ion Exchange Resins. I. Hydrolysis of Esters in 70% Aqueous Acetone1Sidney A. Bernhard and Louis P. HammettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 8, 1798–1800Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01104a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01104a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance Analysis of Full-Duplex-MRC-MIMO With Self-Interference Cancellation Using Null-Space-Projection (2016)

In this paper, the performance analysis of a full-duplex maximum ratio combining multiple-input multiple-output (FD-MRC-MIMO) system based on equalize-and-forward (EF) relaying with self-interference-cancellation (SIC) is derived under imperfect channels state information (CSI). The performance of the system is investigated in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) over Rayleigh fading channels. Self-interference cancellation is performed by applying null-space-projection (NSP) via singular-value-decomposition (SVD). Furthermore, exact, closed-form solutions for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) distribution and outage probability are mathematically formulated and evaluated along with the average symbol-error-rate (ASER) for M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) modulation. The coefficients of the EF-relay are obtained to attain the minimum mean square error (MMSE) between the transmission symbols. Comparison of the obtained results with relevant state-of-the-art techniques suggests significant improvements in the SINR figures and system capacity.
Ultralight and Highly Compressible Graphene Aerogels (2013)

Chemically converted graphene aerogels with ultralight density and high compressibility are prepared by diamine-mediated functionalization and assembly, followed by microwave irradiation. The resulting graphene aerogels with density as low as 3 mg cm(-3) show excellent resilience and can completely recover after more than 90% compression. The ultralight graphene aerogels possessing high elasticity are promising as compliant and energy-absorbing materials.
Smart Marketing Systems for Fruits using Wireless Sensors (2018)

The objective of this paper is to develop a smart marketing system for farmers cultivating mango (Mangifera indica) and papaya (Carica papaya). This research involves wireless sensor network and Information technology to facilitate smart marketing to identify the quality of fruits in order distribute among consumers/marketing agencies. The sweetness, aroma and ripening index of the fruits are collected using smell and firmness sensors. Color and shape of the fruit determined using image processing techniques. Quality quantity of the fruits are classified using machine learning algorithms based on soft computing techniques. Our main aim to focus on accurate data estimation and timely marketing in order to ensure the need of the farmers.
C50 Carotenoids: Occurrence, Biosynthesis, Glycosylation, and Metabolic Engineering for their Overproduction (2017)

Carotenoids are colorful members of the large and diverse group of natural secondary metabolites, the terpenoids. Carotenoids are classified by number of isoprene units, resulting in different lengths of their carbon backbone. The majority - more than 95% of all known carotenoids - are based on a symmetrical C40 backbone, but C30 and C50 carotenoids also exist. This chapter explores microbial production of natural and synthetic C50 carotenoids, and initial strains for their overproduction by the established industrial hosts Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum. Decaprenoxanthin was the first C50 carotenoid to be discovered, isolated from Flavobacterium dehydrogenans. In addition, the first glycosylated C50 carotenoid was described from Arthrobacter strains. The first biosynthesis pathway of a C50 carotenoid was described for the production of decaprenoxanthin in C. glutamicum. Well-developed genetic tools are available which allow advanced metabolic engineering of the natural producer of the C50 carotenoid decaprenoxanthin and its glucoside C. glutamicum.
Beam-Steering All-Optical Switch for Multi-Core Fibers (2017)

We report on the development of the first multi-lane all-optical switch with directly integrated multi-core fibers. A 3-port single-sided beam-steering switch connecting 4-core fibers shows core-to-core losses below 2.2 dB with less than 1-dB variation.
Research on Information Fusion on Evaluation of Driver Fatigue (2008)

Multi-source information fusion was introduced for the evaluation on driver fatigue which is divided into sub-systematic and systematic evaluation by integrating information from visual cues in common use and steering wheel behavior and vehicle¿s trajectory information. Neural network is combined with Dempster-Shafer evidence theory to finish character fusion and decision fusion. In the phrase of fusion, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to determine the basic weight, at the same time, considering the impact of data reliability on weight, the nonstatic weight is adapted the system to the current situation by the combination data reliability with basic weight. According to the simulation experiment on the drive simulator, compared with the single index, the adaptation of the evaluation method to monitor driver fatigue was more accurate, reliable and robust.
Alterations of The P53 Gene Are Associated With The Progression Of A Human Prostate Carcinoma (1992)

P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that has been implicated in the molecular genetics of many human malignancies. Nucleotide alterations, most commonly single point mutations, have been shown not only to abrogate the p53 suppressor function but also to contribute to the transformed phenotype. We report the detection of a p53 gene mutation in clinical specimens of a patient with relapsing prostate adenocarcinoma 14 years after definitive external beam radiation. The techniques of single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction generated products were used for this study. Analysis of tissue from different locations of the primary tumor revealed intratumoral molecular heterogeneity; the mutation was absent in 1 area but present in another. Tumor from a regional lymph node metastasis harbored the identical p53 mutation. Furthermore, an additional genetic alteration, an allelic loss on chromosome 17p but not including the p53 gene, was observed only in the metastatic tissue. These observations in clinical specimens of primary and metastatic sites provide evidence for the association of the p53 gene in the progression of human prostate carcinoma.
Rule discovery and distance separation to detect reliable miRNA biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (2014)

Our results indicate that rule discovery followed by distance separation is a powerful computational method to identify reliable miRNA biomarkers. The visualization of the rules and the clear separation between the normal and cancer samples by our rules will help biology experts for their analysis and biological interpretation.