gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrates in Protein. VIII. The Isolation of 2-Acetamido-1-(L-β-aspartamido)-1,2-dideoxy-β-D- glucose from Hen's Egg Albumin<sup>*</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleCarbohydrates in Protein. VIII. The Isolation of 2-Acetamido-1-(L-β-aspartamido)-1,2-dideoxy-β-D- glucose from Hen's Egg Albumin*R. D. Marshall and A. NeubergerCite this: Biochemistry 1964, 3, 10, 1596–1600Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00898a036https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00898a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views62Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of five-membered ring conformation on bioreceptor recognition: identification of 3R-amino-1-hydroxy-4R-methylpyrrolidin-2-one (L-687,414) as a potent glycine/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (1990)

Syntheses of the 4-methyl (2 and 3) and [3.2.1]bicyclo (4 and 5) analogues of the glycine/N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist 3-amino-1-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (HA-966, 1) provide evidence that glycine receptor recogntion requires the energetically less favoured 3-pseudoaxial conformation of the pyrrolidone ring, resulting in a 5–10 fold improvement in activity with the 3R-amino, 4R-methyl derivative (2a, L-687,414).
Intravenous lidocaine infusion — a new treatment of chronic painful diabetic neuropathy? (1987)

In a randomized double-blind, cross-over study the effect of intravenous lidocaine (5 mg/kg body weight) on the symptoms and signs of painful diabetic neuropathy of more than 6 months duration has been evaluated. Using a clinical symptom scale, there was significant beneficial effect 1 and 8 days after lidocaine infusion compared to after saline infusion (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.02, respectively). The duration of the individual effect ranged from 3 to 21 days. Lidocaine infusion had no effect on the objective measurements of neuropathy. Intravenous lidocaine infusion seems to be a new alternative treatment of chronic painful diabetic neuropathy.
Design Guidelines for Artificial Barrier Placement and Their Impact on Fracture Geometry (1995)

Abstract Fracture height growth can be contained by selective placement of a low mobility bed of proppant along the upper and the lower tips of a propagating hydraulic fracture, while keeping the front tip open to further lateral extension. This is done in a separate treatment step prior to the main treatment. The success of these treatments in reducing height growth depends on the proper design and execution of the treatments, based on knowledge of the vertical stress profile, which dominates the fracture geometry evolution in three dimensional space. Such barrier placements are limited by the rate of early fracture height growth with respect to extension, treatment rate, fluid viscosity, proppant concentration, proppant size and specific gravity. This paper shows the effects of these variables on the effectiveness of the placement of artificial barriers. The paper also describes the three dimensional fracture geometry evolution beyond the lateral extent of the emplaced barriers. Beyond these barriers the fracture loses any artificial containment, and grows according to the natural stress profile. The possibility of interactive diversion through convective settlement is also studied.
Expression of lipoprotein lipase mRNA and secretion in macrophages isolated from human atherosclerotic aorta. (1993)

The expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA and the LPL activity were studied in macrophages (CD14 positive) from human atherosclerotic tissue. Macrophages were isolated after collagenase digestion by immunomagnetic isolation. About 90% of the cells were foam cells with oil red O positive lipid droplets. To analyze the mRNA expression, PCR with specific primers for LPL was used. Arterial macrophages were analyzed directly after isolation and the data showed low expression of LPL mRNA when compared with monocyte-derived macrophages. To induce the expression of LPL mRNA in macrophages, PMA was used. When incubating arterial macrophages with PMA for 24 h we could not detect any increase in LPL mRNA levels. Similarly, the cells secreted very small amounts of LPL even after PMA stimulation. In conclusion, these studies show a very low expression of LPL mRNA in the CD14-positive macrophage-derived foam cells isolated from human atherosclerotic tissue. These data suggest that the CD14-positive cells are a subpopulation of foam cells that express low levels of lipoprotein lipase, and the lipid content could be a major factor for downregulation of LPL. However, the cells were isolated from advanced atherosclerotic lesions, and these findings may not reflect the situation in early fatty streaks.
Experimental nonspecific immunostimulation by the Propionibacterium acnes vaccine. (1992)

The immunostimulation effect of the selected Propionibacterium acnes strain 16073 was described. The optimal conditions for the preparation of the P. acnes vaccine and the nonspecific immunostimulation effects of the vaccine on various experimental infections were evaluated.
Molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into the substrate specificity of FAOX family members (2016)

Enzymatic assays based on Fructosyl Amino Acid Oxidases (FAOX) represent a potential, rapid and economical strategy to measure glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which is in turn a reliable method to monitor the insurgence and the development of diabetes mellitus. However, the engineering of naturally occurring FAOX to specifically recognize fructosyl-valine (the glycated N-terminal residue of HbA1c) has been hindered by the paucity of information on the tridimensional structures and catalytic residues of the different FAOX that exist in nature, and in general on the molecular mechanisms that regulate specificity in this class of enzymes. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulations and advanced modeling techniques to investigate five different relevant wild-type FAOX (Amadoriase I, Amadoriase II, PnFPOX, FPOX-E and N1-1-FAOD) in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that drive their specificity towards polar and nonpolar substrates. Specifically, we compare these five different FAOX in terms of overall folding, ligand entry tunnels, ligand binding residues and ligand binding energies. Our work will contribute to future enzyme structure modifications aimed at the rational design of novel biosensors for the monitoring of blood glucose levels.
High Performance I/O (2011)

Parallelisation, serial optimisation, compiler tuning, and many more techniques are used to optimise and improve the performance scaling of parallel programs. One area which is frequently not optimised is file I/O. This is because it is often not considered to be key to the performance of a program and also because it is traditionally difficult to optimise and very machine specific. However, in the current era of Peta- and Exascale computing it is no longer possible to ignore I/O performance as it can significantly limit the scaling of many codes when executing on very large numbers of processors or cores. Furthermore, as producing data is the main purpose of most simulation codes any work that can be undertaken to provide improved performance of I/0 can be applicable to a very large range of simulation codes, and provide them with improved functionality (i.e. the ability to produce more data).This paper describes some of the issues surrounding I/O, the technology that is commonly deployed to provide I/O on HPC machines and the software libraries available to programmers to undertake I/O. The performance of all these aspects of I/O on a range of HPC systems were investigated by the authors and a represented in this paper to motivate the discussions in the paper.
Normalized data base structure (1971)

Casual and other users of large formatted data bases need a simple tabular (relational) view of the data rather than a network or tree-structured view. This paper illustrates the removal of repeating groups, hierarchic and plex structures, and cross-referencing structures. Finally, the simplification of data base relations by normalization is discussed.
In vivo imaging of autophagy in a mouse stroke model (2010)

Recent studies have suggested that autophagy is involved in a neural death pathway following cerebral ischemia. In vivo detection of autophagy could be important for evaluating ischemic neural cell damage for human stroke patients. Using novel green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) transgenic (Tg) mice, in vivo imaging of autophagy was performed at 1, 3 and 6 d after 60 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Ex vivo imaging of autophagy, testing of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA), estern blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and fluorescent analyses were performed on brain sections following tMCAO. In vivo fluorescent signals were detected above the ischemic hemisphere through the skull bone at 1, 3 and 6 d after tMCAO, with a peak at 1 d. Similar results were obtained with ex vivo fluorescence imaging. western blot analysis revealed maximum LC3-I and LC3-II expression at 1 d after tMCAO and fluorescence immunohistochemistry demonstrated that GFP-LC3-positive cells were primarily neuronal, not astroglial or microglial, cells. The number of GFP-LC3/TUNEL double-positive cells was greater in the periischemic area than in the core. These results provided evidence of in vivo autophagy detection, with a peak at 1 d, in a live animal model following cerebral ischemia. This novel technique could be valuable for monitoring autophagic processes in vivo in live stroke patients, as well as for clarifying the detailed role of autophagy in the ischemic brain, as well as in other neurological diseases.
ChemInform Abstract: 2(1H)‐Quinolinones with Cardiac Stimulant Activity. Part 3. Synthesis and Biological Properties of 6‐Imidazol‐1‐yl Derivatives. (1989)

Abstract Twenty‐three substituted imidazoylquinolinones such as (II), (IV), (VI) ‐ (VIII), (X), (XII), (XIV), and (XVI) are prepared as outlined in the reaction scheme.
144. The course of autoxidation reactions in polyisoprenes and allied compounds. Part VII. Rearrangement of double bonds during autoxidation (1943)

E. H. Farmer, H. P. Koch and D. A. Sutton, J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 541 DOI: 10.1039/JR9430000541
Synthesis of thyroxine: biomimetic studies (1997)

The biomimetic oxidative coupling of the ethyl ester of N-acetyl-3,5-diiodotyrosine (1) to yield the ethyl ester of N-acetylthyroxine (2) has been investigated. A putative mechanism involving phenolic coupling to yield an intermediate aryloxydienone (7) followed by an E2 elimination for loss of the side chain has been proposed. Oxidative couplings with analogous 4-substituted 3,5-diiodophenols indicate that a number of mechanisms are possible; these include quinone methide intermediates and S N 2 substitutions in the intermediate aryloxydienones. Rearomatization of the intermediate aryloxydienones is a strong driving force for the loss of the side chains. The results indicate that 3,5-diiodo-4-aryloxydienones are good leaving groups in E2 and S N 2 mechanisms. The synthetic method provides a facile synthesis of thyroxine analogues from readily available 4-substituted 3,5-diiodophenols. Keywords: diiodotyrosine, phenolic coupling, phenoxyl radicals, thyroxine.
Influence of Surface Wettability on Microbubble Formation (2016)

The production and utilization of microbubbles are rapidly becoming of major importance in a number of global applications, from biofuel production to medical imaging contrast agents. Many aspects of bubble formation have been studied, with diffuser characteristics (such as pore size, pore orientation) and gas flow rate all being shown to influence the bubble formation process. However, very little attention has been paid to the influence of surface wettability of the diffuser and the detailed role it plays at the triple interface of gas-liquid-diffuser. Here, we investigate how the wettability of the diffuser surface impacts upon the dynamics of the bubble formation process and examine the effect both at the orifice and upon the bubble cloud produced as a result of the engineered wetting variations. Experimental data shown here indicate the presence of a switching point at a contact angle of θ = 90°, where bubble size vastly changes. When a surface exhibits a contact angle below 90°, bubbles emitted from it are considerably smaller than those emitted from a surface with an angle in excess of 90°. This effect is observable over flow rates ranging from 2.5 to 60 mL min(-1) from a single pore, an array of controlled pores, and the industrially relevant and commercially available sintered metals and sintered ceramic diffusers. It is also observed for both thiol and silane modified surfaces, encompassing a range of contact angles from 10° to 110°. In addition, the importance of the diffuser plate's surface topography is discussed, with elevated roughness acting to reduce the effect of surface chemistry in some instances.
Imaging the neonate in the incubator: an investigation of the technical, radiological and nursing issues (2007)

Modern neonatal incubators incorporate an X-ray tray device into the mattress support structure to facilitate patient examination with minimal disturbance and distress. However, the usual method of examination is to place the image plate directly underneath the baby. Users often cite radiological reasons for not using X-ray trays but modern quantitative evidence is lacking. This work looks at the technical and clinical aspects of imaging neonates in incubators and the impact that these may have in determining the imaging protocol. A number of hospitals were surveyed to determine their current method of examination and the reasons for their preference. Experimental measurements of the radiological impact of using (or not using) the X-ray tray were performed for a range of neonatal incubators. The average dose to the image plate was 5.9 microGy (range 5.4-6.4 microGy) for the "plate on mattress" method and 3.0 microGy (2.0-3.8 microGy) when using the tray--a 49% reduction owing to the mattress support materials. However, when using a computed radiography (CR) imaging system, the image quality differences were marginal. Survey results indicated that nurses preferred to use the tray but that radiographers were reluctant. We conclude that incubator manufacturers could do much to improve the radiological performance of their equipment and we offer recommendations. We also conclude that, with appropriate nurse and radiographer training and the advent of CR imaging systems, use of X-ray tray facilities may optimize imaging of the neonate in the incubator.
AN EVOLUTIONARY MODEL OF TASTE FOR RISK (1979)

Economists take tastes as given. However, tastes must be derived from biological models of evolutionary survival; we exhibit those tastes which served to make our ancestors survive. In particular, economists have no theory which explains observed behavior towards risk; rather, we take behavior as a datum. In this paper we present a model which explains risk seeking by adolescents and risk aversion by mature males as the result of an evolutionary mechanism.
The Effect of Capital Market Imperfections and Intertemporal Choice on the Valuation of Retirement Fund Contributions (1999)

The conventional approach to determining the pecuniary damages in personal injury litigation is to discount future wages to present value using a discount rate based on current or historic interest rates on Treasury securities. In addition to overcompensating the plaintiff by providing a set of choices that could not otherwise be obtained in a world characterized by imperfect and incomplete capital markets, the degree of overcompensation is even greater when valuing employer contributions to a retirement program. This is the result of: (a) the restrictive nature of qualified retirement plans that greatly reduce their liquity; (b) the retirement fund may be invested in risky assets; and (c) the portfolio of assets may not meet the Markowitz efficiency standard. Two major themes are developed. First an analysis is made of the welfare gains to an individual who is awarded a large sum to replace future employee retirement contributions as a result of being able to access the capital market and to choose an efficient portfolio. Second, an analysis is made of the gains from being able to reallocate consumption intertemporally. J
Human Pyridoxal Kinase (1997)

Peptide fragments of a porcine benzodiazepine-binding protein were used to isolate the cDNA of a related human protein. The cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 312 amino acid residues that is homologous to a bacterial pyridoxal kinase. Transient expression of the cDNA in human embryonic kidney cells confirmed that it encodes human pyridoxal kinase. The recombinant enzyme displayed a Km value of 3.3 microM for pyridoxal and was inhibited competitively by 4-deoxypyridoxine (Ki = 2.8 microM). Benzodiazepine receptor ligands that bound to the purified porcine protein also exerted a potent inhibitory effect on human pyridoxal kinase activity. Transcripts of the pyridoxal kinase gene were detectable in all human tissues examined, and were particularly abundant in the testes. The gene is localized on chromosome 21q22.3 and represents a candidate gene for at least one genetic disorder that has been mapped to this region (autoimmune polyglandular disease type 1).
A rheological characterization of cereal starch-galactomannan mixtures (1989)

6 illus. 16 ref.
An oxide cap process for a PTFE-based IC dielectric (2002)

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has a low dielectric constant (1.9-2.1), high dielectric strength, good temperature resistance, and outstanding chemical inertness. It is being considered as a dielectric for both Al gap-fill and Cu damascene ULSI interconnect applications. A process has been developed which results in the ability to deposit an oxide cap layer that has good adhesion to the underlying PTFE dielectric. The process is defined, and annealing, CMP, stud pull test, XPS, and AFM results are presented.
Feasibility Of a Lightweight Buoy Mooring Concept (1972)

Abstract This paper describes the feasibility analysis and field test of a novel buoy mooring concept.* Successful field tests on the Severn River near Annapolis, Maryland, indicate that the concept is ready for engineering development. The technique allows for repeated latching to and release from a bottom emplaced anchoring station. Means are provided for relocating the bottom anchoring station, which may be very accurately positioned at initial emplacement. Thus, the need for resetting heavy anchors every time a lightweight buoy must be restationed can be eliminated. Introduction A major concern of those who use the waterways for travel and commerce is accurate knowledge of local bottom topography. This concern is seen in the duties of the sounding man made famous by Mark Twain and other writers. Indeed, Samuel Clemens adopted the call of the Mississippi river pilots "Mark Twain", indicating a depth sounding of two fathoms, as a pseudonym for his novels of river life. Aids to navigation can be considered as the traffic signs of waterways. They serve to channel traffic, warn of danger, and alert mariners to their location. The United States Coast Guard is responsible for the accurate deployment and maintenance of buoys in our nation's navigable rivers, lakes, and coastal waters. In certain areas, particularly the Great Lakes, this responsibility necessitates the annual deployment and retrieval of these buoys together with their mooring chains and concrete block anchors. The mass retrieval of these buoys is a preventive measure to protect the buoys from ice damage in the winter months. This repetitive operation involves excessive ship operational time as well as the gross expenditure of materials and labor. Present technology has advanced to enable the development of lightweight buoys. These can be constructed of such advanced materials as sandwich cores, glass-reinforced plastics, or composites, and can reduce the arduous task of buoy deployment. In fact, the lightweight buoy would lend itself to deployment from a small tender or buoy boat. The problem still exists, however, of handling the 2000-lb, or greater, anchor that must be annually deployed and retrieved from rather sizable vessels. A requirement exists for a device or system that can accomplish repetitive mooring of lightweight buoys in water of less than 100-ft depth. Such a system must be inexpensive, simple to operate, reliable, and deployable with high accuracy in repetitive moorings. Introduction (Continued) The Coast Guard does not necessarily have to identify every natural or manmade hazard. However, when they do mark such hazards in the interest of safety to navigation, they must do so accurately and competently. This fact has been seen in such litigation as SOMERSET SEAFOOD COMPANY versus the UNITED STATES (193F. 2d 631, 1952) where the responsibility of accurately stationing buoys was clearly established. In this case, a commercial vessel was sunk by a submerged wreck which was marked by an adjacent Coast Guard buoy.
Fibrotic Response as a Distinguishing Feature of Resistance and Susceptibility to Pulmonary Infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in Mice (2007)

The differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains DBA/2J (susceptible) and C57BL/6J (resistant) to pulmonary tuberculosis following aerosol infection is under complex genetic control. In this report, transcriptional profiling with RNAs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected lungs was used to investigate the physiological response, cell type, and biochemical pathways underlying differential susceptibility to infection. Statistical analysis of cDNA-based microarrays revealed that 1,097 transcripts showed statistically significant changes in abundance (changes of > or = 1.5-fold) in at least one of four experimental group comparisons (C57BL/6J [day 0] versus DBA/2J [day 0] mice, C57BL/6J [day 90] versus DBA/2J [day 90] mice, C57BL/6J [day 90] versus C57BL/6J [day 0] mice, or DBA/2J [day 90] versus DBA/2J [day 0] mice). A group of genes showing very high degrees of significance (changes of > or = 2.0-fold) displayed enrichment for transcripts associated with tissue remodeling and the fibrotic response. The differential expression of fibrotic response genes (Sparc, Col1a1, Col1a2, Col4a1, and Col4a2) in the infected lungs of the two mouse strains was validated by another microarray platform (Affymetrix oligonucleotide chips) and by reverse transcription-PCR. Furthermore, the differential expression of additional genes known to be associated with fibrosis (Mmp2, Timp1, and Arg1) was also validated by these approaches. Overall, these results identify the differential fibrotic response as a pathological basis for the high susceptibility of DBA/2J mice to pulmonary tuberculosis.