gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tuning pore diameter of platelet SBA-15 materials with short mesochannels for enzyme adsorption (2011)

A novel route for preparing highly ordered platelet SBA-15 materials with short mesochannels (ca. 200 nm) and large pore diameters up to 12 nm is reported for the first time. Appropriate quantities of Zr(IV) ions and trimethylbenzene (TMB) were added to the conventional SBA-15 synthesis solution to obtain platelet SBA-15 (SBA-15-p) materials with expanded pores. Based on the results of conventional characterization techniques and in situsmall-angle X-ray scattering experiments, the key step to obtain a well-ordered 2D hexagonal pore structure without vesicle contamination was the pre-hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the Zr(IV) containing synthesis solution for about 25 min before adding TMB as the pore swelling agent. The resultant SBA-15-p materials had high surface areas (∼800 m2 g−1), large pore volumes (∼1.2 cm3 g−1) and short mesochannels (∼200 nm). More importantly, the mesopore diameters Φa_BdB, analyzed by a modified Broekhoff-de Boer method with the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill equation (BdB-FHH) on the nitrogen adsorption isotherms, could be finely tuned to 7–12 nm by varying the amount of swelling agent and the hydrothermal temperature. When adsorbing cytochrome c enzyme at pH 4–10, the short-channel SBA-15-p materials demonstrated higher adsorption capacities and adsorption rates compared to conventional fiber-like SBA-15 materials (SBA-15-f). Furthermore, the uptakes of cytochrome c enzyme per surface area increased significantly on the large pore materials.
X‐linked mental retardation with dystonic movements of the hands (1988)

We describe a family with a syndrome of mental retardation, dystonic movements of the hands and dysarthria inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. DNA marker studies gave a maximum lod score of 2.11 at theta of 0.00 for DXS41 with a likely localization of the gene to Xpter----Xp21.
Integration of Self‐Assembled Microvascular Networks with Microfabricated PEG‐Based Hydrogels (2012)

Despite tremendous efforts, tissue engineered constructs are restricted to thin, simple tissues sustained only by diffusion. The most significant barrier in tissue engineering is insufficient vascularization to deliver nutrients and metabolites during development in vitro and to facilitate rapid vascular integration in vivo. Tissue engineered constructs can be greatly improved by developing perfusable microvascular networks in vitro in order to provide transport that mimics native vascular organization and function. Here a microfluidic hydrogel is integrated with a self-assembling pro-vasculogenic co-culture in a strategy to perfuse microvascular networks in vitro. This approach allows for control over microvascular network self-assembly and employs an anastomotic interface for integration of self-assembled micro-vascular networks with fabricated microchannels. As a result, transport within the system shifts from simple diffusion to vessel supported convective transport and extra-vessel diffusion, thus improving overall mass transport properties. This work impacts the development of perfusable prevascularized tissues in vitro and ultimately tissue engineering applications in vivo.
Sub-20 psec ECL circuits with 50 GHz fmax self-aligned SiGe HBTs (1992)

This paper describes a high fmax self-aligned SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology which is based on the self-aligned selective epitaxial growth technology including Ge graded profile and link-base engineering using a BSG sidewall structure. The HBT has a Super Self-aligned Selectively grown SiGe Base (SSSB) structure. Base profile design and a 2-step annealing technique have realized a f/sub T/ of 51 GHz and low sheet resistance at the link-base region, and furthermore have accomplished fmax of as high as 50 GHz. ECL circuits of 19 psec gate delay have been achieved by using this SiGe HBT technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Influence of guard times on packet error probabilities in slotted frequency-hopped spread spectrum multiple access systems (2002)

Presents a method for determining the exact packet error probability in a time-slotted asynchronous frequency-hopped spread spectrum multiple access (FH-SSMA) communication system employing an integer multiple of hop intervals as guard time. It is shown that the guard time can result in packet error probabilities which are significantly different from those given in previous papers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells (2021)

Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are among the most widely available resources and most frequently approved model systems used for studying adult stem cells. HFSCs are particularly useful because of their self-renewal and differentiation properties. Additionally, the cyclic growth of hair follicles is driven by HFSCs. There are high expectations for the use of HFSCs as favourable systems for studying the molecular mechanisms that contribute to HFSC identification and can be applied to hair loss therapy, such as the activation or regeneration of hair follicles, and to the generation of hair using a tissue-engineering strategy. A variety of molecules are involved in the networks that critically regulate the fate of HFSCs, such as factors in hair follicle growth and development (in the Wnt pathway, Sonic hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and BMP pathway), and that suppress apoptotic cues (the apoptosis pathway). Here, we review the life cycle, biomarkers and functions of HFSCs, concluding with a summary of the signalling pathways involved in HFSC fate for promoting better understanding of the pathophysiological changes in the HFSC niche. Importantly, we highlight the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic targets involved in pathways associated with the treatment of hair loss and other disorders of skin and hair, including alopecia, skin cancer, skin inflammation, and skin wound healing.
Vascular biology of thrombosis (2001)

Arterial thrombosis is initiated after atherosclerotic plaque rupture. The ruptured plaque triggers a cascade of platelet-mediated events that result in the formation of a platelet-rich thrombus. Thrombus development ultimately leads to vessel occlusion, the precipitating event in most myocardial infarctions and many strokes. Arterial thrombosis involves a process of platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Platelets first form a monolayer by adhering to blood vessel subendothelial matrix proteins (collagen and von Willebrand factor) via interactions with platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) receptors. This interaction produces an intracellular signal that activates platelets to increase expression of a specific GP receptor, GPIIb/IIIa, with a high affinity for fibrinogen and other adhesion molecules. Binding of fibrinogen to adjacent platelets results in irreversible platelet aggregation and the formation of the platelet aggregate. Understanding of this process has led to considerable research into potential antiplatelet compounds. A number of effective antiplatelet drugs are now available, which affect different stages along the platelet adhesion/activation/aggregation pathway. These include aspirin, dipyridamole, and the adenosine diphosphate antagonists. Much effort is now focused on development of thrombin receptor antagonists. However, this is proving to be difficult. Considerable interest has surrounded a new class of platelet drugs, the GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists. These drugs have proved effective in short-term infusion trials. However, long-term studies of oral GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists have shown increases in mortality. It is believed that these antagonists may act as partial agonists and may increase the risk for thrombosis.
Methods of Analysis of Corneal Topography (1989)

The visual inspection of photokeratoscope mires permits the diagnosis of advanced anomalies in corneal shape and is an extremely useful adjunct to keratometry and slit-lamp microscope examination. However, corneal distortions too small to be appreciated by visual inspection of keratographs can seriously degrade visual acuity. In this article, an outline of the problems involved and the steps necessary to accomplish modern quantitative corneal topography is given.
Effect of Commercial Lignosulfonate-Humate on <i>Zea mays</i> L. Metabolism (2011)

Lignosulfonate-humate a and lignosulfonate-humate b, derived by an industrial process from lignin, were studied chemically and biologically, and their effects on maize metabolism compared with the responses induced by humic substances obtained from leonardite. Lignosulfonate-humate a and lignosulfonate-humate b elicited hormonelike activity and leonardite displayed giberellin properties. To improve our understanding of their biological action, lignosulfonate-humate a, lignosulfonate-humate b and leonardite were supplied to maize plants and their effect was studied on growth, nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis. All products increased root and leaf growth. Glutamine-synthetase, glutamate-synthase enzyme activities and protein content were all increased. The treatments also increased chlorophyll content, glucose, fructose and rubisco enzyme activity, suggesting a positive role of lignosulfonate-humate a, lignosulfonate-humate b and leonardite in the photosynthetic process. In addition, an increase in phenol content was observed. In light of these results, being environmentally friendly products, lignosulfonate-humate a and lignosulfonate-humate b could be used to increase crop yield.
Vanadyl sulfate lowers plasma insulin and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. (1994)

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are hyperinsulinemic compared with their Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls. Since previous studies have demonstrated that vanadyl sulfate lowers insulin levels in nondiabetic rats, we used vanadyl to explore the relation between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension. In a prevention study, 5-week-old SHR and WKY rats were started on long-term vanadyl sulfate treatment. Vanadyl in doses of 0.4 to 0.6 mmol/kg per day lowered plasma insulin (252 +/- 22.8 versus 336 +/- 12.6 pmol/L, treated versus untreated, P < .01) and systolic blood pressure (158 +/- 2 versus 189 +/- 1 mm Hg, P < .001) in SHR without causing any change in plasma glucose. No changes were seen in the treated WKY rats. At 11 weeks of age, a group of untreated rats from the prevention study was started on vanadyl treatment as before. Again, vanadyl caused significant and sustained decreases in plasma insulin (264 +/- 12.6 versus 342 +/- 6.6 pmol/L, treated versus untreated, P < .001) and blood pressure (161 +/- 1 versus 188 +/- 1 mm Hg, P < .001) in SHR but had no effect in the normotensive WKY controls. Furthermore, restoration of plasma insulin in the vanadyl-treated SHR to pretreatment levels (subcutaneous insulin, 14,000 pmol/kg per day) reversed the effects of vanadyl on blood pressure (vanadyl with insulin, 190 +/- 3.0 mm Hg versus vanadyl without insulin, 152 +/- 3.0 mm Hg, P < .001). Since vanadyl treatment resulted in decreased weight gain, treated SHR were compared with a corresponding pair-fed group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Understanding Elastin-Like Polypeptide Block Copolymer Self-assembly Behavior (2013)

<p>Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are thermally responsive polymers composed of the pentapeptide repeat Valine-Proline-Glycine-X-Glycine where X is any amino acid except proline. ELP diblocks have been engineered by creating two ELP blocks with hydrophilic and hydrophobic guest residues. The hydrophobic block desolvates at a lower temperature and forms the core of a micelle while the still hydrated hydrophilic block forms the corona. ELP micelles are promising drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics. ELP diblocks offer a unique method to display targeting proteins multivalently on micelles to improve tumor cell uptake. As ELPs are genetically encoded, proteins can be seamlessly fused at the genetic level to the ELP diblock. The protein ELP diblock fusions can be synthesized as one polypeptide chain that is of precise molecular weight and highly monodisperse, and no post-synthesis modification is necessary. Self-assembly behavior of ELP diblocks is known to tolerate fusion to small peptides (< 10 amino acids) but their self-assembly behavior has not be examined when fused to proteins that are 100-200 amino acids. Here, we hypothesize that molecular weight of the protein and the surface properties of the protein will be factors in determining its effect on ELP diblock self-assembly. In addition, the ELP block lengths and composition are hypothesized to be factors in the self-assembly behavior of protein ELP diblock fusions. This hypothesis is tested by fusing four proteins with different properties to various ELP diblocks and characterizing their self-assembly behavior. The proteins were found to dominate the self-assembly behavior. Proteins that disrupted self-assembly did so for all ELP diblock lengths and compositions. Protein that did not disrupt self-assembly behavior affected the thermal behavior of the hydrophilic block. Hydrophilic proteins increased the micelle-to-aggregate transition temperature while hydrophobic proteins decreased it. We also sought to understand the self-assembly of ELP diblocks on a theoretical basis. A previously developed model for the self-assembly of synthetic polymers was applied to our polypeptide system. Two parameters, solvent quality of the corona and surface tension of the hydrophobic block, were experimentally measured and used to fit the model. Predictions of micelle radius and aggregation numbers were in good agreement with experimental data. However, the corona was found to be unstretched compared to its Gaussian size by this model. Therefore, a new model was developed describing what is termed as weak micelles in which the corona is not stretched but rather close to Gaussian size. The weak micelle model prediction were also in good agreement with experimental data suggesting that ELP micelles are in the crossover regime between the previous model and the new model.</p>
CLXXVII.—The state of amines in aqueous solution (1912)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
MICROBEND FIBER OPTIC SENSOR (1984)

Intensity modulation induced by microbending in multimode fibers is considered as a transduction mechanism for detecting environmental changes such as pressure, temperature, acceleration, and magnetic and electric fields. A generic microbend sensor has been defined and studied, and its components, such as sensing fiber, light source, optical fiber leads, and detector, have been examined and optimized. Finally, the generic microbend sensor has been tested demonstrating good performance.
A dose ranging phase I/II trial of the von Willebrand factor inhibiting aptamer ARC1779 in patients with congenital thrombotic thrombo - cytopenic purpura (2011)

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a very rare but potentially life-threatening disorder. This phase I/II trial compared the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and safety of three different administration modes of the anti-von Willebrand factor (VWF) aptamer ARC1779. This was a prospective clinical trial with a partial cross-over design: three periods comprised subcutaneous injections of 50 mg of ARC1779 on seven subsequent days, a low-dose infusion of ARC1779 (0.002 mg/kg/min) for 24-72 hours and a high-dose infusion (0.004-0.006 mg/kg/min) up to 72 hours. ARC1779 concentrations were determined with high performance liquid chromatography, VWF inhibition was measured with enzyme immunoassay and platelet function was determined with the platelet function analyser (PFA-100) and impedance aggregometry. ARC1779 was well tolerated without any bleeding at concentrations spanning over three orders of magnitude. The daily s.c. injection yielded plasma levels (0.5 μg/ml) of the drug that were too low to sufficiently suppress VWF. The low-dose i.v. infusion increased platelet counts in one patient, whereas the high i.v. dose increased plasma concentrations up to 69 μg/ml, completely blocked free A1 domains, VWF-dependent platelet plug formation and enhanced platelet counts in 2/3 patients. In conclusion, infusion of ARC1779 dose-dependently inhibits VWF-dependent platelet function and during infusion ARC1779 increases or stabilises platelet counts in congenital TTP. However, the tested doses, particularly the daily s.c. injections, did not correct all clinical or laboratory features of TTP.
Spatial Inference Machines (2013)

This paper addresses the problem of semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds. We extend the inference machines framework of Ross et al. by adding spatial factors that model mid-range and long-range dependencies inherent in the data. The new model is able to account for semantic spatial context. During training, our method automatically isolates and retains factors modelling spatial dependencies between variables that are relevant for achieving higher prediction accuracy. We evaluate the proposed method by using it to predict 17-category semantic segmentations on sets of stitched Kinect scans. Experimental results show that the spatial dependencies learned by our method significantly improve the accuracy of segmentation. They also show that our method outperforms the existing segmentation technique of Koppula et al.
Alcohol flushing, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes, and risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese men. (2003)

Alcohol flushing after light drinking is triggered mainly by severe acetaldehydemia in individuals possessing inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-2. Inactive ALDH2 encoded by ALDH2*1/2*2 and the low-activity form of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-2 encoded by ADH2*1/2*1 enhance the risk for esophageal cancer in Japanese light to heavy drinkers, a significant association that emphasizes the importance of screening tests for inactive ALDH2 based on alcohol flushing. The objectives of the present report were (a). to evaluate the reliability of a simple questionnaire that asks about both current and past flushing for detecting inactive ALDH2 and (b). to predict cancer risk based on flushing in a case-control manner. The study subjects consisted of 233 Japanese men with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 610 cancer-free Japanese men. When current or former flushing individuals were considered to have inactive ALDH2, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 84.8% and 82.3%, respectively, for the cases and 90.1% and 88.0%, respectively, for the controls. To clarify the characteristics of men who had genetically inactive ALDH2 but did not report alcohol flushing, we analyzed individuals possessing the ALDH2*1/2*2 genotype and found that those who also had ADH2*1/2*1 (both cases and controls) tended not to report current flushing, and those who did not report current flushing (controls only) tended to be heavier drinkers. As compared with overall never or rare drinking, the cancer risks for light (1-8.9 units/week; 1 unit = 22 g of ethanol), moderate (9-17.9 units/week), and heavy (18+ units/week) drinkers with current or former flushing (odds ratio = 6.69, 42.66, and 72.86, respectively) significantly exceeded the risks for those who had never flushed (odds ratio = 1.27, 10.12, and 15.61, respectively), even after adjustment for age, smoking, and diet. The flushing questionnaire may be used in large-scale epidemiological studies as a surrogate marker of ALDH2 genotype to predict individual cancer risk.
Informed separation of spatial images of stereo music recordings using second-order statistics (2013)

In this work we address a reverse audio engineering problem, i.e. the separation of stereo tracks of professionally produced music recordings. More precisely, we apply a spatial filtering approach with a quadratic constraint using an explicit source-image-mixture model. The model parameters are “learned” from a given set of original stereo tracks, reduced in size and used afterwards to demix the desired tracks in best possible quality from a preexisting mixture. Our approach implicates a side-information rate of 10 kbps per source or channel and has a low computational complexity. The results obtained for the SiSEC 2013 dataset are intended to be used as reference for comparison with unpublished approaches.
ACM president's letter: electronic junk (1982)

article Free AccessACM president's letter: electronic junk Author: Peter J. Denning Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, INView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 25Issue 3March 1982 pp 163–165https://doi.org/10.1145/358453.358454Published:01 March 1982Publication History 112citation1,309DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations112Total Downloads1,309Last 12 Months184Last 6 weeks64 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A High-Performance Neutron Time Correlation Counter (1985)

A new, high-performance neutron time correlation, or coincidence, counter has been developed for the measurement of nuclear materials. This detector is an improvement over the high-level neutron coincidence counter that was used previously in that it has better counting rate capability, electronic stability, noise resistance, uniform counting zone, and portability. The system uses 3He gas tubes coupled to the shift register coincidence electronics through a new hybrid charge-sensitive preamplifier/discriminator. Counting rates of 1.3 MHz have been obtained and a counting stability of 0.002% has been measured. The system has been applied to the assay of plutonium content in metal, PuO2, and PuF4, as well as in uranium-plutonium mixtures.
Egg Production in Hens Continuously Irradiated as Embryos (1973)

Fertile White Leghorn eggs were continuously exposed to60 Co gamma rays at 3.4, 1.8, 1.0, 0.9, 0.5, or 0.3 R/hr during incubation for 20 days. The resulting pullets were reared to maturity and thei...
The New Biology and International Sharing - Lessons from the Life and Works of George P. Smith, II (Inaugural Lecture: George P. Smith, II, Distinguished Visiting Professorship-Chair of Law) (2000)

[The George P. Smith, II, Distinguished Visiting Professorship-Chair\nof Law and Legal Research endowment was established by George P.\nSmith to broaden students' exposure to scholars and judges of national\nand international reputation and to allow distinguished visiting scholars\nthe opportunity to do research at Indiana University and share their\nideas with the faculty and students of the Indiana University School of\nLaw and Indiana University. George P. Smith, an Indiana native,\nreceived his B.S. degree in business, economics, and public policy in\n1961 from Indiana University and his J. D. from the Indiana University\nSchool of Law in 1964. He was awarded an LL.M from Columbia\nUniversity in 1975 and an Honorary Degree from Indiana University in\n1998. George P. Smith has been a professor of law at The Catholic\nUniversity of America, in Washington, D.C., since 1977.\nTo inaugurate this endowment, the Honorable Michael D. Kirby of the\nHigh Court of Australia delivered the following lecture on January 26,\n2000. Justice Kirby received his B.A., LL.M, and BEc from Sydney\nUniversity and is internationally recognized for his work in bio-ethics,\nhuman rights, and international law. In 1991, Justice Kirby was\nawarded the Australian Human Rights Medal. He currently serves as\nthe president of the International Commission of Jurists.]