gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 50–450 MHz Tunable RF Biquad Filter Based on a Wideband Source Follower With > 26 dBm IIP$_{3}$, +12 dBm P$_{1{\rm dB}}$, and 15 dB Noise Figure (2015)

This paper reports a source follower-based active RC filter topology for RF front-ends in wideband systems. In the proposed active RC filter, the noise figure and bandwidth are improved through adopting the proposed sub-1 Ω Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> source follower, which replaces the conventional operational amplifier-based unity gain buffer and through simply changing its location in the filter. Applying the proposed scheme to the conventional Sallen-Key filter also improves the stopband rejection performance. Furthermore, the proposed filter topology ultimately suppresses the DC offset voltage and flicker noise of the unity gain buffer, which is the only active circuit in the filter. The proposed biquad filter is implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS and the measurements exhibit >26 dBm IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , +12 dBm input P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> , and 15 dB noise figure over 50-450 MHz of a 6 bit tunable frequency range. The proposed biquad filter consumes 14 mA from a 1.8 V supply and the chip occupies 1000 ×500 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Integrated framework for the visualization of relational databases and related web content (2004)

This paper proposes an integrated framework for relating and visualizing relational databases and related Web content. This framework allows users to dynamically extract relations from HTML documents over the Web, to relate them with relations stored in local databases, and to interactively visualize them. The emphasis in our framework is put on integrating visualization schemata, source data, Web content and Web applications by means of the relational algebra. Our framework is based on the principle that every visualized object represents a view relation. In our framework each visualization schema is treated as an extended view relation, and can be related with local database records by applying relational join operations. Furthermore, our framework provides users with a method for specifying special view relations to be extracted from HTML documents over the Web. These "Web views" can be combined with database views through relational database operations to simultaneously visualize mutually related database content and Web content.
Stimulation by Insulin<i>in Vitro</i>of Incorporation of (<sup>35</sup>S)Sulfate and (<sup>14</sup>C)Leucine Into Protein-Polysaccharide Complexes, (<sup>3</sup>H)Uridine Into RNA, and (<sup>3</sup>H)Thymidine Into DNA of Costal Cartilage from Hypophysectomized Rats (1968)

The effects of insulin in vitro on incorporation of (35S)sulfate and (14C)leucine into protein-polysaccharide complexes (PP), (3H)uridine into ribonucleic acid (RNA), and (3H) thymidine into desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of costal cartilage from hypophysectomized rats were determined. Tissue was incubated in a medium containing 14 amino acids and glucose. Insulin stimulated incorporation of both sulfate and leucine into PP. The effect upon leucine incorporation was detected first. The action of the hormone was most striking in a component of PP relatively resistant to extraction in water. Either puromycin or actinomycin inhibited incorporation of sulfate and leucine into PP in the presence or absence of insulin. At 10−6m concentration of both antibiotics the effect of puromycin was more profound. Insulin also increased incorporation of both uridine into RNA and, later, thymidine into DNA. (Endocrinology82: 493, 1968)
Sagittal laser optical tomography for imaging of rheumatoid finger joints (2004)

We present a novel optical tomographic imaging system that was designed to determine two-dimensional spatial distribution of optical properties in a sagittal plane through finger joints. The system incorporates a single laser diode and a single silicon photodetector into a scanning device that records spatially resolved light intensities as they are transmitted through a finger. These data are input to a model-based iterative image reconstruction (MOBIIR) scheme, which uses the equation of radiative transfer (ERT) as a forward model for light propagation through tissue. We have used this system to obtain tomographic images of six proximal interphalangeal finger joints from two patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The optical images were compared to clinical symptoms and ultrasound images.
A real-time expert system architecture based on a novel dynamic task scheduling technique (2003)

Computational characteristics of real-time expert systems have limited its integration in real-time control and monitoring environments. The computation time required to complete inferences carried out by expert systems present high variability, which usually leads to severe under-utilization of resources when the schedule of inferences is based on their worst computation times. Moreover, the event-based aperiodic activation of inferences increases the risk of transient overloads, as during critical conditions of the controlled or monitored environment the arrival rate of events increases. The dynamic scheduling technique presented in this article obtains statistical bounds of the time required to complete inferences on-line, and uses these bounds to schedule inferences achieving highly effective utilization of resources. In addition, this technique handles transient overloads using a robust approach. During overloads this technique completes nearly as many inferences as other dynamic scheduling techniques, but shows significantly better effective utilization of resources. The specific real-time architecture presented in this work, based on component object model (COM) technology, completes our approach to the problem of building efficient real-time rule-based systems suitable for controlling or monitoring complex industrial processes.
Mass spectrometry for analysis of <SUP>13</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB> in the breath (1982)

質量分析法を用いて,感度,精度良く,呼気中の13CO2分析を行うための条件を検討した.3種の分析法を試みた結果,(1)標準二酸化炭素との比較法を用いる.(2)13CO2+と12CO2+は同時計測する。(3)標準二酸化炭素と試料二酸化炭素の12CO2+幸が同強度となるよう,試料二酸化炭素のインプットを自動制御する.この3条件を充足するものが,最も,感度,精度ともに優れ,NBS No.20を標準二酸化炭素とした場合,0.201‰の13CO2+変化が,検出可能であった.これに対し,(1)の条件が満たされていない場合は,30倍,(1)は満たされているが,(2),(3)の満たされていないものは,4.5倍,又,(3)のみ満されていない場合は,2.1倍,感度及び精度が低かった.
Terminator-distal sequences determine the in vitro efficiency of the early terminators of bacteriophages T3 and T7 (1989)

Bacteriophages T3 and T7 contain homologous terminators for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase that restrict early phage transcription to the leftmost 20% of the linear phage genomes. These two terminators serve equally well as p-independent terminators in vivo, but their in vitro efficiencies and sensitivity to salt and nucleotide concentrations differ dramatically. Sequence analysis shows that the T7 and T3 terminators differ at only two sites in the region normally accepted as defining terminator function. In order to determine which structural features of these two terminators are responsible for their functional differences, a series of hybrid terminators were constructed in which structural features of the two terminators were systematically interchanged. Transcription of hybrid terminator templates revealed that sequences downstream of the termination release sites are responsible for the differences in efficiency of in vitro termination. These sequences also determine the sensitivity of these terminators to elevated salt concentrations and to alterations of substrate concentrations. Alteration of the sequences in the region between three and seven nucleotides downstream of the final T7Te release site is sufficient to reduce termination efficiency to that of T3Te, and point mutations in this region yield terminators with intermediate efficiency. Hence, the determinants of p-independent terminator efficiency in vitro must include elements of the transcription complex other than the structure of the 3' end of the transcript. The termination differences between T7Te, T3Te, and their hybrid derivatives are overcome in vivo; all of these sites become very efficient. This finding further supports the hypothesis that protein factors or other cellular features enhance the efficiency and specificity of p-independent terminators in vivo.
Preparation of Monodisperse, Submicrometer Carbon Spheres by Pyrolysis of Melamine–Formaldehyde Resin (2006)

Tiny black pearls: Monodisperse, smooth carbon spheres (100–1000 nm in diameter) are prepared via the synthesis and subsequent carbonization of micrometer-sized particles of melamine–formaldehyde resin (see SEM image). The gradual transition of the copolymer to carbon results in uniform shrinkage without deformation of the spheres. These spheres provide an alternative in applications where polymeric or silica particles are unsuitable.
Optical path monitoring based on the identification of optical cross-connect input ports (2003)

We demonstrate a new optical path monitoring method based on the identification of optical crossconnect input ports. This simple method has the scalability for the number of nodes and wavelengths in the network.
A igualdade em razão do sexo na cessação do contrato de trabalho: o parecer prévio ao despedimento (2012)

A igualdade em razão do sexo na cessação do contrato de trabalho é um tema controverso, sendo objecto de vasta análise por parte da doutrina e da jurisprudência. Neste artigo procura-se sublinhar o papel do direito comunitário e a sua influência no ordenamento jurídico português no que ao tema diz respeito, assim como as soluções encontradas pelo legislador nacional. A necessidade de um parecer prévio é igualmente merecedora de especial atenção, onde se consagra a necessidade de uma decisão por parte da entidade competente na área da igualdade de oportunidade entre homens e mulheres, sempre que estiver em causa o despedimento de trabalhadoras grávidas, puérperas ou lactantes.
A first demonstrator for a mode group diversity multiplexing communication system (2005)

This paper describes a first demonstration setup for transparent transmission of two analog signals using Mode Group Diversity Multiplexing (MGDM). MGDM is an optical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique for short-reach multimode fibre networks, exploiting the separation of signals in different subsets of modes. In this demonstrator two base band analog signals are transmitted together with out-of-band pilot tones. The focus of this paper will be on signal processing: measurements of the pilot tones are used at the receiver to estimate the transmission matrix; the inverse of this matrix is then used to demultiplex the received signals. A number of experimental results are given for the performance of the experimental setup.
Spin-Dependent Tunneling Junctions with Hard Magnetic Layer Pinning (1998)

We have fabricated ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet tunnel junctions with Co and NiFe electrodes, where the Co electrodes are pinned with a hard magnetic Co81Pt19 alloy layer. This approach gives a coercivity of about 300 Oe for the Co layer, while that of the NiFe is about 80 Oe, so we obtain antiparallel magnetization over a wide field range. The Al2O3 tunneling barrier layers were formed by in situ plasma oxidation of elemental Al layers with thicknesses from 10 to 25 A. For the junctions, we find room temperature magnetoresistance ratios as high as 13% and nonlinear current–voltage curves that are well fit by the Simmons tunneling theory. Depth profiling x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of oxidized Al barrier layers on Co underlayers reveals a stoichiometry of nearly Al2O3.
Towards Efficient OpenMP Strategies for Non-Uniform Architectures (2014)

Parallel processing is considered as todays and future trend for improving performance of computers. Computing devices ranging from small embedded systems to big clusters of computers rely on parallelizing applications to reduce execution time. Many of current computing systems rely on Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) based processors architectures. In these architectures, analyzing and considering the non-uniformity is of high importance for improving scalability of systems. In this paper, we analyze and develop a NUMA based approach for the OpenMP parallel programming model. Our technique applies a smart threads allocation method and an advanced tasks scheduling strategy for reducing remote memory accesses and consequently their extra time consumption. We implemented our approach within the NANOS runtime system. A set of tests was conducted using the BOTS benchmarks and results showed the capacity of our technique in improving the performance of OpenMP applications especially those dealing with a large amount of data.
OBLIQUE FLOW HEADERS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS - THE IDEAL GEOMETRIES AND THE EVALUATION OF LOSSES (1966)

The problem of the design of oblique flow headers for heat exchangers flowing low density fluids is considered. It is demonstrated by test that the theory already available in the literature provides an adequate basis for design for the single-pass "parallel flow" and "counter flow" configurations. The theory is summarized in the form of design equations and illustrated by specific application to the air-side flow in a gas turbine regenerator.
Proline at position 36: a new transthyretin mutation associated with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. (1991)

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) is associated with the deposition of an abnormal transthyretin (TTR) molecule. We have studied DNA from a family of Greek descent with FAP. The proband's TTR gene was asymmetrically amplified by using PCR and then was sequenced directly, to reveal a cytosine-for-guanine substitution in codon 36. This substitution removes a recognition site for endonuclease Fnu4HI. Allele-specific PCR was employed for diagnosis of the mutation. The predicted amino acid change of alanine to proline at position 36 was confirmed by protein sequencing of the proband's plasma TTR.
Network Facilities For Communications Processing. (1984)

This study investigates the usage of electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-3D printing for the fabrication of bacterial cellulose (BC)/polycaprolactone (PCL) patches loaded with different antibiotics (amoxicillin (AMX), ampicillin (AMP), and kanamycin (KAN)) for transdermal delivery. The composite patches demonstrated facilitated drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of drugs along with extended drug release profiles. Release curves were also subjected to model fitting, and it was found that drug release was optimally adapted to the Higuchi square root model for each drug. They performed a time-dependent and diffusion-controlled release from the patches and followed Fick's diffusion law by the Korsmeyer-Peppas energy law equation. Moreover, produced patches demonstrated excellent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>) strains, so they could be helpful in the treatment of chronic infectious lesions during wound closures. As different tests have confirmed, various types of antibiotics could be loaded and successfully released regardless of their types from produced BC/PCL patches. This study could breathe life into the production of antibiotic patches for local transdermal applications in wound dressing studies and improve the quality of life of patients.
Copper(II)-Catalyzed Sequential C,N-Difunctionalization of 1,4-Naphthoquinone for the Synthesis of Benzo[<i>f</i>]indole-4,9-diones under Base-Free Condition (2013)

An efficient synthesis of benzo[f]indole-4,9-diones has been achieved by copper(II)-catalyzed naphthoquinone sequential C,N-difunctionalization reactions with β-enaminones. New C-C and C-N bonds are easily formed in the reaction course. Copper(II) salt plays a dual role as Lewis acid and oxidative catalyst, and O2 acts as the terminal oxidant. The advantage of this reaction is the high atom economy with broad substrate scope and excellent yields. The reaction can be scaled up to using at least grams of substrates.
Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor-dependent Replication of Polyoma Virus Replicon in Hematopoietic Cells (1995)

Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulates proliferation of various hematopoietic cells. Using cytoplasmic deletion mutants of the human GM-CSF receptor (hGMR) beta subunit and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, we previously showed that distinct signaling pathways of hGMR are involved in the induction of c-fos/c-jun mRNAs and of c-myc mRNA/cell proliferation. We used polyoma virus (Py) replicon to analyze the initiation of DNA replication induced by hGM-CSF in mouse BA/F3 pro-B cells expressing hGMR. hGM-CSF efficiently stimulated Py replication in the presence of Py enhancer and Py large T antigen supplied in trans. Analyses of Py enhancer mutants revealed that hGM-CSF promoted Py replication and activated transcription of the Py early promoter through the PEA3/PEBP5 region of Py enhancer. The membrane proximal region of hGMR beta subunit is required for activation of PEA3/PEBP5-dependent replication which is also required for activation of DNA synthesis in the host cells. In contrast, a more distal region which is essential for activation of c-fos and c-jun genes is required for the PEA3/PEBP5-dependent transcription of Py early promoter. These results indicate that distinct signaling pathways of hGMR are required to activate PEA3/PEBP5-dependent replication and transcription although the same enhancer is required for both activities.
When rare earth meets carbon nanodots: mechanisms, applications and outlook (2020)

Rare earth (RE) elements are widely used in the luminescence and magnetic fields by virtue of their abundant 4f electron configurations. However, the overall performance and aqueous stability of single-component RE materials need to be urgently improved to satisfy the requirements for multifunctional applications. Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are excellent nanocarriers with abundant functional surface groups, excellent hydrophilicity, unique photoluminescence (PL) and tunable features. Accordingly, RE-CND hybrids combine the merits of both RE and CNDs, which dramatically enhance their overall properties such as luminescent and magnetic-optical imaging performances, leading to highly promising practical applications in the future. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review focusing on the introduction and in-depth understanding of RE-CND hybrid materials has not been reported to date. This review endeavors to summarize the recent advances of RE-CNDs, including their interaction mechanisms, general synthetic strategies and applications in fluorescence, biosensing and multi-modal biomedical imaging. Finally, we present the current challenges and the possible application perspectives of newly developed RE-CND materials. We hope this review will inspire new design ideas and valuable references in this promising field in the future.
Image segmentation by reaction-diffusion bubbles (2002)

Figure-ground segmentation is a fundamental problem in computer vision. The main difficulty is the integration of low-level, pixel-based local image features to obtain global object-based descriptions. Active contours in the form of snakes, balloons, and level-set modeling techniques have been proposed that satisfactorily address this question for certain applications. However, these methods require manual initialization, do not always perform well near sharp protrusions or indentations, or often cross gaps. We propose an approach inspired by these methods and a shock-based representation of shape in terms of parts, protrusions, and bends. Since initially it is not clear where the objects or their parts are, parts are hypothesized in the form of fourth order shocks randomly initialized in homogeneous areas of images. These shocks then form evolving contours, or bubbles, which grow, shrink, merge, split and disappear to capture the objects in the image. In the homogeneous areas of the image bubbles deform by a reaction-diffusion process. In the inhomogeneous areas, indicated by differential properties computed from low-level processes such as edge-detection, texture, optical-flow and stereo, etc., bubbles do not deform. As such, the randomly initialized bubbles integrate low-level information and, in the process, segment the figures from the ground.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Metastable transfer emission spectroscopy—method and instrument for detection and measurement of trace materials in gas flows (1978)

A simple and relatively inexpensive new technique for qualitatively and quantitatively measuring various gas-phase species in a flow and the apparatus for implementation are described. Detection of atomic species has been demonstrated from concentrations greater than 10(10) atoms/cm(3) to approximately 10(4) atoms/cm(3). Several classes of molecules can also be detected quatitatively with the method, although with somewhat reduced sensitivity. The method, metastable transfer emission spectroscopy (MTES), is particularly useful in materials analysis. Possible applications including the analysis of gas, liquid, and solid samples and the determination of vapor-pressure curves are discussed.