gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Sewage Sludge Application on Soil Nitrate Distribution in a Clay Soil (2003)

Nitrate contamination in the aquatic systems is the primary indicator of poor agricultural management. The influence of sewage sludge application rates (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 dry Mg/ha) on distribution of nitrate originating from the sewage sludge in soil profiles was investigated. Soil profile monitoring of nitrate was carried out with a Lakeland clay soil in 1997. Irrespectively of the sewage sludge application rates up to 50 dry Mg/ha, the concentration of <TEX>$NO_3$</TEX>-N at the 120 cm depth was below 10 mg/kg and the difference due to the amount of sewage sludge application was negligible at this depth. There was virtually no <TEX>$NO_3$</TEX>-N below 120 cm depth and this was confirmed by a deep sampling up to 300 cm depth. Most of the nitrate remained in the surface 60 cm of the soil. Below 120 cm depth nitrate concentration was very low because of the denitrification even at high sewage sludge rate of 100 dry Mg/ha. The <TEX>$NO_3$</TEX>-N concentrations in the soil fluctuated over the growing season due to plant uptake and denitrification. The risk of groundwater contamination by nitrate from sewage sludge application up to high rate of 100 dry Mg/ha was very low in a wheat grown clay soil with high water table ( < 3 m).
Interleukin‐6 blockade suppresses autoimmune arthritis in mice by the inhibition of inflammatory Th17 responses (2008)

Our results indicate that the protective effect of IL-6 blockade, but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockade, in CIA correlates with the inhibition of Th17 differentiation. Our findings suggest that IL-6 blockade in rheumatoid arthritis in human is also likely to involve a therapeutic mechanism distinct from that of TNF blockade and thus may represent an alternative therapy for patients in whom the disease is refractory to TNF blockade.
On the Synthesis of Naphthoquinonyl Heterocyclic Amino Acids (1996)

L-Histidine, N α -cbz-L-histidine, L-tryptophan and L-proline react with 1,4-naphthoquinone or 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone to afford modified N-quinonyl amino acids. With free α-amino acids, the quinone moiety is attached to the α-amino group. With blocked α-amino acids the quinone moiety is attached to the heterocyclic nitrogen atom.
ChemInform Abstract: (MoIV 3S(S2)6)2‐ from Amorphous MoS3 by the Reaction with OH‐ and R = 0.015 Structure of (NH4)2(MoIV 3S(S2)6)×H2O. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Programming Post-Translational Control over the Metabolic Labeling of Cellular Proteins with a Noncanonical Amino Acid (2017)

Transcriptional control can be used to program cells to label proteins with noncanonical amino acids by regulating the expression of orthogonal aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). However, we cannot yet program cells to control labeling in response to aaRS and ligand binding. To identify aaRSs whose activities can be regulated by interactions with ligands, we used a combinatorial approach to discover fragmented variants of Escherichia coli methionyl tRNA synthetase (MetRS) that require fusion to associating proteins for maximal activity. We found that these split proteins could be leveraged to create ligand-dependent MetRS using two approaches. When a pair of MetRS fragments was fused to FKBP12 and the FKBP-rapamycin binding domain (FRB) of mTOR and mutations were introduced that direct substrate specificity toward azidonorleucine (Anl), Anl metabolic labeling was significantly enhanced in growth medium containing rapamycin, which stabilizes the FKBP12-FRB complex. In addition, fusion of MetRS fragments to the termini of the ligand-binding domain of the estrogen receptor yielded proteins whose Anl metabolic labeling was significantly enhanced when 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-HT) was added to the growth medium. These findings suggest that split MetRS can be fused to a range of ligand-binding proteins to create aaRSs whose metabolic labeling activities depend upon post-translational interactions with ligands.
Integration of HapMap-Based SNP Pattern Analysis and Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Common SNP Profiles for Cancer Therapy Outcome Predictor Genes* (2006)

Recent completion of the initial phase of a haplotype map of human genome (www.hapmap.org) provides opportunity for integrative analysis on a genome-wide scale of microarray-based gene expression profiling and SNP variation patterns for discovery of cancer-causing genes and genetic markers of therapy outcome. Here we applied this approach for analysis of SNPs of cancer-associated genes, expression profiles of which predicts the likelihood of treatment failure and death after therapy in patients diagnosed with multiple types of cancer. Unexpectedly, this analysis reveals a common SNP pattern for a majority (60 of 74; 81%) of analyzed cancer treatment outcome predictor (CTOP) genes. Our analysis suggests that heritable germ-line genetic variations driven by geographically localized form of natural selection determining population differentiations may have a significant impact on cancer treatment outcome by influencing the individual's gene expression profile. We demonstrate a translational utility of this approach by building a highly informative CTOP algorithm combining prognostic power of multiple gene expression-based CTOP models derived from signatures of oncogenic pathways associated with activation of BMI1; Myc; Her2/neu; Ras; beta-catenin; Suz12; E2F; and CCND1 oncogenes. Application of a CTOP algorithm to large databases of early-stage breast and prostate tumors identifies cancer patients with 100% probability of a cure with existing cancer therapies as well as patients with nearly 100% likelihood of treatment failure, thus providing a clinically feasible framework essential for introduction of rational evidence-based individualized therapy selection and prescription protocols. Our analysis indicates that genetic determinants of human disease susceptibility and severity are encoded by population differentiation SNP variants. Evolution of these SNPs is driven by geographically-localized form of natural selection causing population differentiation. Recent analysis identifies a class of SNPs regulating gene expression in normal individuals and likely determining unique genome-wide expression profiles of each individual. We propose that critical disease-causing combinations of SNP variants arise from SNPs regulating mRNA levels and determining genome-wide haplotype patterns of individual's disease susceptibility.
Woodchuck hepatitis virus X protein is present in chronically infected woodchuck liver and woodchuck hepatocellular carcinomas which are permissive for viral replication (1996)

The woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) X gene (WHx) is required for infectivity of WHV in woodchucks, and the gene encodes a broadly acting transcription factor. Several lines of evidence from cell culture and transgenic mice suggest that X proteins can promote hepatocarcinogenesis. To determine whether WHx-encoded proteins are present during persistent infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in woodchucks, we surveyed livers and HCCs from a panel of WHV carrier woodchucks for the presence of WHx by utilizing an immunoprecipitation-Western blot (immunoblot) procedure. We detected a single 15.5-kDa WHx gene product in 100% of the persistently infected livers but not in livers from animals which had recovered from acute infection or in those of uninfected woodchucks. Analysis of HCCs revealed that all of the tumors which contained WHV replication intermediates were also positive for WHx. In contrast, WHx was undetectable in HCCs which did not contain replicative intermediates. Subcellular localization studies detected WHx in the cytoplasm but not in the nuclei of primary woodchuck hepatocytes. Comparative immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that there were 4 X 10(4) to 8 X 10(4) molecules of WHx per primary woodchuck hepatocyte. Four lines of WHx transgenic mice did not develop HCC spontaneously. However, when one line was treated with diethylnitrosamine, the occurrence of precancerous lesions was enhanced compared with that in diethylnitrosamine-treated nontransgenic controls. The apparent absence of WHx in some woodchuck HCCs indicates that WHx may not be required to maintain the tumor phenotype, whereas its presence in all persistently infected livers leaves open the possibility that it plays a role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Endothelin‐receptor interactions (1993)

The mechanism of action of endothelin-receptor interactions was studied, using radioligand binding assays and SDS-PAGE, to investigate the possibility of disulfide interchange. Electrophoretic analysis suggested involvement of disulfide bond(s) in the receptor-ligand complex. Treatment of Et receptors with sulfhydryl-specific alkylating reagents (NEM or others) resulted in decreased ability to bind [125I]Et-1. [Dpr1-Asp15]Et-1, an antagonist homologous to Et but with an amide link replacing one of the disulfides, bound to Et receptors reversibly, but binding of Et-1 was less reversible. Preincubation of receptors with Et-1, but not with [Dpr1-Asp15]Et-1, protected receptors from alkylation with [14C]NEM. The data suggest that the Et receptor has a sulfhydryl group at or near the Et binding site. A model is proposed in which the role of the putative sulfhydryl group is discussed.
Hoxa1 is required for the retinoic acid–induced differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neurons (2008)

The ability of embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentiate into different cell fates has been extensively evaluated, and several protocols exist for the generation of various types of cells from mouse and human ES cells. We used a differentiation protocol that involves embryoid body formation and all-trans-retinoic acid (RA, 5 microM) treatment (EB/5 microM RA) to test the ability of Hoxa1 null ES cells to adopt a neuronal fate. Hoxa1(-/-) ES cells, when treated in this EB/5 microM RA protocol, failed to differentiate along a neural lineage; Hoxa1(-/-) ES cells express severalfold lower levels of many neuronal differentiation markers, including nestin, beta-tubulin III, and MAP2, and conversely, higher levels of endodermal differentiation markers (i.e., Sox17, Col4a1) than wild type (Wt) cells. Reintroduction of exogenous Hoxa1, under the control of the metallothionein I promoter, into Hoxa1(-/-) ES cells restored their capacity to generate neurons. Moreover, overexpression of Sox17, a gene that regulates endodermal differentiation, in Wt ES cells resulted in endodermal differentiation and in a complete abolition of beta-tubulin III expression. Thus, Hoxa1 activity is essential for the neuronal differentiation of ES cells in the presence of all-trans-RA, and Hoxa1 may promote neural differentiation by inhibiting Sox17 expression. Pharmacological manipulation of Hoxa1 levels may provide a method for promoting neuronal differentiation for therapeutic uses. Furthermore, because mutations in the Hoxa1 gene can cause autism spectrum disorder in humans, these data also provide important mechanistic insights into the early developmental processes that may result in this disorder.
Transition state structures for the hydrolysis of cyclic and acyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition state structures for the hydrolysis of cyclic and acyclic carboxylic acid anhydridesKenneth R. Davis and John L. HoggCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 7, 1041–1047Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00155a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00155a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views852Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
IFIH1 polymorphisms are significantly associated with type 1 diabetes and IFIH1 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (2008)

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies revealed a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In an attempt to confirm some of these candidate associations, we genotyped 2046 Caucasian patients and 2417 normal controls from the United States for SNPs in five genomic regions. While no evidence was obtained for four genomic regions (rs2929366/NM_144715 on chromosome 3, rs9127/Q7Z4C4 on chromosome 5, rs1445898/CAPSL on chromosome 5 and rs2302188/NM_033543 on chromosome 19), we provide strong evidence for association between T1D and multiple SNPs in the IFIH1 linkage disequilibrium (LD) block on chromosome 2q. Among the 10 SNPs genotyped for the 2q region, four SNPs located within the IFIH1 gene or at the 5' region of IFIH1 showed significant association with T1D in the Georgia population [odds ratio (OR) = 1.7-1.9] with the best P-value found at SNP rs1990760 (P = 8 x 10(-8) and OR = 1.9). Several SNPs outside of the IFIH1 gene also showed significant but weaker associations. Furthermore, IFIH1 gene expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are significantly correlated with IFIH1 genotypes, and higher IFIH1 levels are found in individuals with the susceptible genotypes (P = 0.005). Thus, both genetic association and gene expression data suggest that IFIH1 is the most plausible candidate gene implicated in T1D in this LD block.
Computer analysis of breakdown mechanism in planar power MOSFET's (1980)

Breakdown mechanism in planar power MOSFET's having high breakdown voltage is investigated. Precise electric field distribution is obtained by two-dimensional numerical analysis. This field distribution is used to optimize device structure and to predict breakdown voltage. A technique for reducing the electric field on the silicon surface by equalizing its distribution is presented.
A novel hypothesis to explain the bronchconstrictor effect of deep inspiration in asthma (2002)

Given the similar time-volume relationship in the two manoeuvres, the reduction in sGaw is unlikely to be due to differences in smooth muscle behaviour. It is suggested that the enhanced negative intrathoracic pressure acting across the airway capillaries increases airway wall oedema and reduces airway calibre. Such a mechanism operational during normal rapid deep inspiration might contribute to bronchoconstriction after deep inspiration in subjects with asthma.
Automatic generation of dynamic virtual fences as part of BIM-based prevention program for construction safety (2012)

The present research aims to investigate a new method for the automatic generation of Dynamic Virtual Fences (DVFs) as part of a BIM-based prevention program for construction safety following the Safety Code of Quebec Provence in Canada. First, the Safety Code is reviewed to identify the information that has spatial aspects that can be represented in BIM. Then, a method is proposed for automatically identifying falling and collision risks and generating DVFs. In this method, workspaces are generated in BIM based on Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) deliverables, the project schedule, the dimensions of equipment, and the geometry of the building. One set of DVFs for collision prevention is generated based on those workspaces. Another set of DVFs is generated where physical barriers are needed for fall prevention. The generated DVFs are used coupled with Real-time Location System (RTLS) tracking of workers and physical fences to check safety requirements and to provide safety warnings.
<i>Melissa officinalis</i> Extract Inhibits Attachment of Herpes Simplex Virus in vitro (2012)

Melissa extract exhibits low toxicity, is virucidal and affects HSV-1 attachment to host cells in vitro.
Lactobacilli inhibit interleukin-8 production induced by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide-activated Toll-like receptor 4 (2008)

H pyloriSS1-LPS induces IL-8 production through activating TLR4 signaling in SGC-7901 cells and viable LBG or LBG-(s) prevents H pyloriSS1-LPS-mediated IL-8 production via inhibition of the TLR4 pathway.
Thrombosis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Hopkins Lupus Cohort Perspective (1996)

Vascular damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs through vasculitis, premature atherosclerosis, and hypercoagulability (predominantly due to the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome). In the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, a prospective cohort study, the incidence of thrombosis is 2 per 100 person-years of follow-up. Markers of immune-complex mediated injury (high anti-dsDNA and low C3), atherosclerosis (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, homocysteine) and antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin) are independent predictors of thrombosis. Hydroxychloroquine use is protective against future thrombosis.
Reliability and Application of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters for Power Systems (1979)

Metal Oxide Arresters (MOA), constituted by zinc oxide sintered elements, are the revolutionary advanced surge protective devices for power systems. The newly developed heavy duty elements ensure the high reliability of MOA. Especially, the entirely simplified construction of SF6 gas filled metal enclosed MOA enables the effective insulation coordination for EHV gas insulated substation (GIS). This paper describes the performance characteristics and the reliabilities of MOA, and the effectiveness of MOA applications for 500 kV GIS.
Culture Learning Curriculum for Advanced Learners of Korean (2012)

ABSTRACT This study introduces and discusses a culture learning curriculum for advanced learners of Korean at the Korean Language Flagship Center (KLFC) undergraduate program at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa (UHM) in which Content-based instruction (CBI) models have been implemented as a primary pedagogical approach in order to train students to reach a superior level of proficiency in Korean. Cultural awareness of an L2 is often called the fifth skill in language learning, in addition to the four basic language skills. The current trend in foreign language education is to emphasize culture learning, insisting that language learning cannot be mastered without knowledge of the target language culture. Two culture learning courses designed under the theme-based instruction model (one of the three CBI models) are described and discussed below, along with their accompanying CBI-based textbooks and activities for language classroom use.
Spintronics based stochastic computing for efficient Bayesian inference system (2018)

Bayesian inference is an effective approach for solving statistical learning problems especially with uncertainty and incompleteness. However, inference efficiencies are physically limited by the bottlenecks of conventional computing platforms. In this paper, an emerging Bayesian inference system is proposed by exploiting spintronics based stochastic computing. A stochastic bitstream generator is realized as the kernel components by leveraging the inherent randomness of spintronics devices. The proposed system is evaluated by typical applications of data fusion and Bayesian belief networks. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach could achieve significant improvement on inference efficiencies in terms of power consumption and inference speed.
Identifying scalar behavior in CUDA kernels (2011)

We propose a compiler analysis pass for programs expressed in the Single Program, Multiple Data (SPMD) programming model. It identifies statically several kinds of regular patterns that can occur between adjacent threads, including common computations, memory accesses at consecutive locations or at the same location and uniform control flow. This knowledge can be exploited by SPMD compilers targeting SIMD architectures. We present a compiler pass developed within the Ocelot framework that performs this analysis on NVIDIA CUDA programs at the PTX intermediate language level. Results are compared with optima obtained by simulation of several sets of CUDA benchmarks.
iPhone出奇“智”胜系列：上网篇 iPhone轻松变小猫 上网出尽新招数 (2008)

在2008年10月刊中学到了如何让自己的iPhone更加的个性化后,米饭们是不是已对自己动手玩转小i产生了浓厚的兴趣呢?从这一期起,MI就要带领各位一一体验各种iPhone软件的魅力。那该从哪里开始呢?嗯,喜欢玩iPhone的,没有不喜欢上网的吧?!什么?家里还没装无线路由器?还有你,拿个本本在街上没法上网?早点说嘛,那这期就要我们先看看上网篇!米饭若想了解如何让iPhone变成路由小猫、如何让我们的本本能共享网络给小i上网。那就跟着来吧!
Soft tissue contusion and pulmonary hypertension. (1986)

Trois cas dont un dont l'autopsie a montre une maladie vasculaire pulmonaire hypertensive de type post-embolique
Regulation of derepressed synthesis of arylsulfatase by tyramine oxidase in Salmonella typhimurium (1981)

The participation of tyramine oxidase in the regulation of arylsulfatase synthesis in Salmonella typhimurium was studied. Arylsulfatase synthesis was repressed by inorganic sulfate, cysteine, methionine, or taurine. This repression was relieved by tyramine, octopamine, or dopamine, which induced tyramine oxidase synthesis, although the level of arylsulfatase activity was very low. The induction of tyramine oxidase and derepression of arylsulfatase by tyramine were strongly inhibited by glucose and ammonium chloride, and the repression of both enzymes was relieved by use of xylose as a carbon source after consumption of glucose or by use of tyramine as the sole source of nitrogen, irrespective of the carbon source used. The initial rates of tyramine uptake by cells grown with glucose and xylose were similar. Results with tyramine oxidase-constitutive mutants showed that constitutive expression of the tyramine oxidase gene resulted in derepression of arylsulfatase synthesis in the absence of tyramine. Thus, catabolite and ammonium repressions of arylsulfatase synthesis and the induction of the enzyme by tyramine seem to reflect the levels of tyramine oxidase synthesis. These results in S. typhimurium support our previous finding that the specific regulation system of arylsulfatase synthesis by tyramine oxidase is conserved in enteric bacteria.