gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive cancellation of nonstationaryinterference in HF antenna arrays (1998)

The paper statistically analyses and compares temporal variability in the spatial structure of two HF interference signals propagated from known locations via ionospheric channels with different spatial and temporal characteristics. The impact of the particular ionospheric paths propagating HF interference on the cancellation performance of various adaptive beamforming algorithms is investigated using data collected by the receiving antenna array of the Jindalee Facility Alice Springs OTH radar in Alice Springs, Australia. Measurements and analysis statistically confirm that the spatial properties of HF interference signals, and the actual performance improvements gained through the use of adaptive beamforming techniques, are highly dependent on the spatio-temporal characteristics of the prevailing ionospheric circuits linking the particular source location to the receiving array at the selected operating frequency.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles with Tunable Emission Colors and Their Cell Labeling Applications (2010)

ZnO nanoparticles have been studied for potential cell labeling applications over the past several years. However, little progress has been made because of the limited emission color and poor water stability of ZnO nanoparticles. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles with various emission colors, including blue, green, yellow, and orange, were synthesized through an ethanol-based precipitation method. The emission color of the ZnO nanoparticles could be tuned by adjusting the pH value of the precipitation solution. The as-prepared ZnO nanoparticles were then encapsulated with silica to form ZnO@silica core shell nanoparticles, to improve the water stability of the ZnO nanoparticles. The visible emissions of the ZnO nanoparticles were well retained after they had been coated with silica shells. The resultant ZnO@silica core shell nanoparticles exhibited low cytotoxity and were promising in cell labeling applications.
Large-scale structural analysis of the core promoter in mammalian and plant genomes (2005)

DNA encodes at least two independent levels of functional information. The first level is for encoding proteins and sequence targets for DNA-binding factors, while the second one is contained in the physical and structural properties of the DNA molecule itself. Although the physical and structural properties are ultimately determined by the nucleotide sequence itself, the cell exploits these properties in a way in which the sequence itself plays no role other than to support or facilitate certain spatial structures. In this work, we focus on these structural properties, comparing them between different organisms and assessing their ability to describe the core promoter. We prove the existence of distinct types of core promoters, based on a clustering of their structural profiles. These results indicate that the structural profiles are much conserved within plants (Arabidopsis and rice) and animals (human and mouse), but differ considerably between plants and animals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these structural profiles can be an alternative way of describing the core promoter, in addition to more classical motif or IUPAC-based approaches. Using the structural profiles as discriminatory elements to separate promoter regions from non-promoter regions, reliable models can be built to identify core-promoter regions using a strictly computational approach.
The significance of alpha‐fetoprotein and other tumour markers in differential immunocytochemistry of primary liver tumours (1989)

One hundred benign and malignant primary liver tumours were screened immunocytochemically for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha-human chorionic gonadotropin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), keratin and vimentin. Alpha-fetoprotein was found in 16/63 (24%) hepatocellular carcinomas and in two hepatoblastomas. When comparing tissue positivity for AFP with tumour differentiation, grade 1 hepatocellular carcinomas were found to be negative, while 21% of grade 2, 36% of grade 3 and 16% of grade 4, respectively, stained positively. Alpha-fetoprotein positive cells were present in 9/10 hepatocellular carcinomas with serum levels exceeding 5000 ng/ml, but were absent in 17 tumours with serum AFP levels below 5000 ng/ml. All tumours other than hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatoblastomas were AFP negative. Carcinoembryonic antigen was present in 72% of cholangiocarcinomas, but was demonstrated in only one hepatocellular carcinoma. This exception was a combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma in which CEA expression was restricted to the cholangiocellular part. Alpha 1-antitrypsin was found in 4/63 hepatocellular carcinomas, in 2/2 fibrolamellar carcinomas and in 2/18 cholangiocarcinomas. Alpha-human chorionic gonadotropin was detected in one hepatocellular carcinoma and was strongly expressed in both fibrolamellar carcinomas. Weak staining for keratin was seen in most tumours with hepatocellular differentiation. All cholangiocarcinomas, in contrast, were strongly labelled with the keratin antibody. Co-expression of keratin and vimentin was observed in seven poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas and three cholangiocarcinomas as well as in the two hepatoblastomas. The findings suggest that AFP is a diagnostic but rather insensitive immunocytochemical marker for hepatocellular differentiation in malignant liver tumours; CEA and keratin may help in discriminating cholangiocarcinomas from hepatocellular carcinomas.
Biological functions of IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha/beta: lessons from studies in gene knockout mice. (1994)

Mice with a targeted disruption in the IFN-gamma receptor gene (IFN-gamma R0/0) provided a useful model to ask to what extent other cytokines could replace IFN-gamma in macrophage activation. In thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from wild-typy (WT) mice, TNF enhanced nitric oxide (NO) release in the presence of IFN-gamma, though TNF alone was not effective. In macrophages from IFN-gamma R0/0 mice, which are not responsive to IFN-gamma, TNF completely failed to stimulate NO release. The NO inducing effects of IFN-alpha/beta were indistinguishable in IFN-gamma R0/0 and WT macrophages. The important role of IFN-gamma in the regulation of the induced expression of MHC class II antigen (Ia) was confirmed by showing that after systemic infection with the BCG strain of Mycobacterium bovis, peritoneal macrophages from IFN-gamma R0/0 mice had a lower level of Ia expression than macrophages from WT mice. BCG infection was not lethal for WT mice whereas all IFN-gamma R0/0 mice died 7-9 weeks after infection. It is well known that BCG infection greatly sensitizes mice to lethal action of LPS. Injection of LPS 2 weeks after BCG inoculation was significantly less lethal for IFN-gamma R0/0 mice than for WT mice. Reduced lethality of LPS correlated with a drastically reduced TNF-alpha production in the IFN-gamma R0/0 mice after BCG infection and LPS challenge. The greatly reduced ability of BCG-infected IFN-gamma R0/0 mice to produce TNF-alpha may be an important factor in their inability to resist BCG infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Laser and furnace annealed Au, Ag and Al ohmic contacts on n + -GaAs (1987)

On n+-GaAS substrates, gold-germanium eutectic films with a nickel overlayer, silver-germanium eutectic films with a nickel overlayer and aluminum-germanium films were evaporated. Samples from each of these three types of contacts were furnace and laser annealed with a pulsed excimer laser for optimum results. Gold-germanium and silver-germanium films gave ohmic contacts under both types of annealing. The laser annealed gold based contacts had a better surface morphology and somewhat smaller resistance than its furnace annealed counterpart. In case of silver based contacts, it was the furnace annealed contacts that had a lower resistance and better morphology. In case of aluminum based contacts, furnace annealing did not give an ohmic contact ; with an anti-reflection coating, laser annealing gave ohmic contacts, which, however, were much more resistant and rough, compared to the gold and silver contacts.
Chemical Etching of Germanium with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O Solution (1982)

An H 3 PO 4 –H 2 O 2 –H 2 O solution is studied for possible use in the etching of germanium. The solution can be roughly classified into two ternary regions according to its etching characteristics: a (with a low H 2 O 2 concentration) and b (with a high H 2 O 2 concentration). Solutions in region b provide reproducible smooth and uniform surfaces. This solution can be used with SiO 2 films and photoresists as a preferential etching mask material without dissolution or separation. It is suitable for processing germanium devices.
LAN file server performance: a processor sharing model (2002)

Considers a system of single user workstations connected to a file server over a local network. The workstations request file transfers from the server in a random manner. In response to the first request, a major portion of the file is transferred from the server to the workstation local memory, while response to subsequent requests is in smaller chunks. In the paper, the authors investigate the benefits of employing the round-robin/processor-sharing policy, for allocating the server capacity between the two types of requests. They generate a Markovian state description of the system and analyze it using a continuous parameter Markovian chain.
Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein Antagonizes Exon Definition (2001)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank B. Cullen, A. Goldstrohm, P. Grabowski, J. Keene, and C. Smith for critically reading the manuscript and for insightful suggestions. We thank members of the Garcia-Blanco laboratory, most especially R. Carstens, for helpful discussions.This work was supported by a grant from the American Cancer Society. E.J.W. acknowledges the support of a predoctoral fellowship from the D.O.D. M.A.G.-B. acknowledges the support of the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation.
DISCRETE- vs. CONTINUOUS-TIME NONLINEAR SIGNAL PROCESSING OF Cu ELECTRODISSOLUTION DATA (1992)

Abstract Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are often used for short term discrete time predictions of experimental data. In this paper we focus on the capability of such nets to correctly identify long term behavior and, in particular, observed bifurcations. As we show, the usual discrete time mapping approach is (precisely because of its discrete nature) often incapable of reproducing observed bifurcation sequences. If the interest is only in periodic or temporally more complicated behavior, a Poincaré map extracted from the experimental time series can be used to circumvent this problem. A complete dynamic picture including bifurcations of steady states can, however, only be captured by a continuous-time model. We present an ANN configuration which couples a “nonlinear principal component” network for data processing (Kramer, 1991, Usui et al., 1990) with a composite ANN based on a simple integrator scheme. This ANN is able to correctly reconstruct the bifurcation diagram of our experimental data. All time series we process stem from the potentiostatic electrodissolution of Cu in phosphoric acid solution. As the applied potential is varied, the electrodissolution rate changes from steady behavior to periodic oscillations, followed by a sequence of period doublings to apparently chaotic motion, and then returns to simple oscillations via a reverse cascade of period doublings.
Unattended operation of an autonomous seaplane for persistent surface and airborne ocean monitoring (2010)

The Flying Fish unmanned seaplane, shown capable of self-managed sequences of independent flight during testing with the first generation vehicle, has been updated with the creation of second generation research vehicle that incorporates solar-energy harvesting. The new Flying Fish possesses a unique capability set that lends itself to mission concepts involving long term deployment approaching perpetual operation. As a unique flight system capable of operating from any sufficiently large body of water, generating and flying self-initiated flight plans, and collecting solar energy for infrastructure-independent operation it leads the way for the development of fully unattended flight operations on the ocean. For a system such as Flying Fish to operate without user intervention for long periods it must possess robust and fully-featured planning faculties. It must be able to develop accurate predictions of energy collection and loss in order to ensure energy survivability. It must be able to plan flights based on high-level mission input, or at least to assemble and execute appropriate flight plans from available mission parameters. Such a system would require system wide management software and would have to have a powerful suite of flight sensors. The implementation of these features in the second generation Flying Fish will be presented. This paper will also discuss the additional technologies and features that still need to be developed to realize a perpetual flying unattended ocean monitoring buoy, including: management of scientific payloads to best conduct unattended science and robust sense-and-avoid capabilities to safely negotiate obstacles on the open ocean. Missions and applications will be used to highlight capabilities and challenges and to motive this research.
Evidence of DMSO-Induced Protein Aggregation in Cells (2016)

We report on a study of protein aggregation induced on different cell samples by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) addition. DMSO is the most commonly used cryoprotectant because it is supposed to readily diffuse across lipid bilayers, thus reducing water activity within cells; despite its large use, the mechanism of penetration and even the main interaction features with cell components are far from being understood. In the present work, infrared absorption spectroscopy is successfully applied to real time detection of chemical and structural changes occurring in cells during dehydration from water and water/DMSO suspensions. As a most interesting result, DMSO is observed to favor protein aggregation both in cellular model systems, as cultured lymphocytes and fibroblasts, and in human samples for clinic use, as hematopoietic stem cells from cord blood. This effect is evidenced at low water content, analogously to what is observed for protein solutions. Such tendency is not specific of the type of protein and suggests one possible origin of DMSO toxicity.
Syntax-directed editing: towards integrated programming environments (1982)

Abstract : One of the major goals of software engineering is to enhance programming quality and productivity, in particular, for producing large software systems. Programming language design and methodology have contributed towards this goal by developing and supporting concepts such as modularization and data abstraction and encapsulation. The MESA (Mitchell 78) and ADA (DoD 80) programming languages are examples of the evolution of these concepts. With these concepts, programming languages can support the static aspects of program construction by letting the programmer, among other things, describe the modular interfaces of his system, localize the decisions of representation, etc. Programming languages lack support for the dynamic aspects of the development and maintenance of large software systems: system developers must deal with different versions and compositions of the different pieces of a system, as well as with the interaction of several programmers in the development of a system.
Preparation and evaluation of a synthetic fermented egg coyote attractant and deer repellent (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and evaluation of a synthetic fermented egg coyote attractant and deer repellentRoger W. Bullard, Stephen A. Shumake, Dan L. Campbell, and Frank J. TurkowskiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978, 26, 1, 160–163Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60215a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60215a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate suppresses interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory responses in intervertebral disc cells in vitro and reduces radiculopathic pain in rats (2014)

Intervertebral disc (IVD) disease, which is characterised by age-related changes in the adult disc, is the most common cause of disc failure and low back pain. The purpose of this study was to analyse the potential of the biologically active polyphenol epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) for the treatment of painful IVD disease by identifying and explaining its anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic activity. Human IVD cells were isolated from patients undergoing surgery due to degenerative disc disease (n = 34) and cultured in 2D or 3D. An inflammatory response was activated by IL-1β, EGCG was added, and the expression/activity of inflammatory mediators and pathways was measured by qRT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA, immunofluorescence and transcription factor assay. The small molecule inhibitor SB203580 was used to investigate the involvement of the p38 pathway in the observed effects. The analgesic properties of EGCG were analysed by the von Frey filament test in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 60). EGCG significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases in vitro, as well as radiculopathic pain in vivo, most probably by modulation of the activity of IRAK-1 and its downstream effectors p38, JNK and NF-κB.
Parallel and Distributed Computing with Java (2006)

The Java language first came to public attention in 1995. Within a year, it was being speculated that Java may be a good language for parallel and distributed computing. Its core features, including being objected oriented and platform independence, as well as having built-in network support and threads, has encouraged this view. Today, Java is being used in almost every type of computer-based system, ranging from sensor networks to high performance computing platforms, and from enterprise applications through to complex research-based simulations. In this paper the key features that make Java a good language for parallel and distributed computing are first discussed. Two Java-based middleware systems, namely MPJ Express, an MPI-like Java messaging system, and Tycho, a wide-area asynchronous messaging framework with an integrated virtual registry are then discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting the advantages of using Java as middleware to support distributed applications
Hemolysin supports survival but not entry of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (1988)

The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen. The only known property of L. monocytogenes which has been shown to be involved in virulence is a hemolysin, listeriolysin (J. L. Gaillard, P. Berche, and P. Sansonetti, Infect. Immun. 52:50-55, 1986; S. Kathariou, P. Metz, H. Hof, and W. Goebel, J. Bacteriol. 169:1291-1297, 1987). Using our previously obtained transposon Tn916-induced hemolysin-negative mutants of L. monocytogenes Sv1/2a (Mackaness strain), we demonstrated that the loss of hemolysin reduced significantly the rate of survival of the bacteria in mouse peritoneal macrophages but did not reduce their uptake. It was further shown that virulent L. monocytogenes strains could invade the mouse embryo fibroblast 3T6 cell line, i.e., mammalian cells which are nonprofessional phagocytes. This uptake was inhibited by cytochalasin B and hence seems to be accomplished by parasite-induced endocytosis. Hemolysin was not essential for this step. Strains of other Listeria species could not efficiently penetrate the 3T6 cells.
Volumetric CT Analysis of Hepatic Tumors (1981)

Current methods of measuring hepatic volume and the percent of hepatic parenchyma replaced by tumor are crude, yet clinical decisions are often based on these imprecise measurements. We describe a new computed tomographic (CT) assisted volume calculatory program to accurately assess hepatic volume and a new computer program to discriminate tumor from normal liver and thus provide tumor volume measurements. The potential usefulness of these techniques is illustrated by an analysis of pre- and post-therapy CT scans and calculation of changes in hepatic volume and in the volume of hepatic tumor. Analysis revealed small changes in liver volume could be accompanied by substantial changes in tumor volume and vice versa. We conclude (a) quantitative CT techniques allow for rapid, reproducible measurements of liver and tumor volume, and (b) small changes in organ volume may be accompanied by substantial changes in tumor volume.
Electrophoretic silica-coating process on a nano-structured copper electrode (2008)

A method for silica-coating at the nanoscale by electrophoretic deposition is presented here, using raw or grafted silica dispersions.
Hollow Porous SiO2 Nanocubes Towards High-performance Anodes for Lithium-ion Batteries (2013)

The high theoretical capacity and low discharge potential of silicon have attracted much attention on Si-based anodes. Herein, hollow porous SiO2 nanocubes have been prepared via a two-step hard-template process and evaluated as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The hollow porous SiO2 nanocubes exhibited a reversible capacity of 919 mAhg(-1) over 30 cycles. The reasonable property could be attributed to the unique hollow nanostructure with large volume interior and numerous crevices in the shell, which could accommodate the volume change and alleviate the structural strain during Li ions' insertion and extraction, as well as allow rapid access of Li ions during charge/discharge cycling. It is found that the formation of irreversible or reversible lithium silicates in the anodes determines the capacity of a deep-cycle battery, fast transportation of Li ions in hollow porous SiO2 nanocubes is beneficial to the formation of Li2O and Si, contributing to the high reversible capacity.