gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Derivation of protein-specific pair potentials based on weak sequence fragment similarity (2000)

A method is presented for the derivation of knowledge-based pair potentials that corrects for the various compositions of different proteins.The resulting statistical pair potential is more specific than that derived from previous approaches as assessed by gapless threading results.Additionally, a methodology is presented that interpolates between statistical potentials when no homologous examples to the protein of interest are in the structural database used to derive the potential, to a Go-like potential (in which native interactions are favorable and all nonnative interactions are not) when homologous proteins are present.For cases in which no protein exceeds 30% sequence identity, pairs of weakly homologous interacting fragments are employed to enhance the specificity of the potential.In gapless threading, the mean z score increases from ؊10.4 for the best statistical pair potential to ؊12.8 when the local sequence similarity, fragment-based pair potentials are used.Examination of the ab initio structure prediction of four representative globular proteins consistently reveals a qualitative improvement in the yield of structures in the 4 to 6 A ˚rmsd from native range when the fragment-based pair potential is used relative to that when the quasichemical pair potential is employed.This suggests that such proteinspecific potentials provide a significant advantage relative to generic quasichemical potentials.Pro-
Scattering in low-loss GaAs/AlGaAs rib waveguides (1987)

Single-mode rib waveguides with low propagation loss (0.2 dB/cm) were fabricated on GaAs/AlGaAs single heterostructures by dry etching. The attenuation of these guides was measured to study the effect of rib structure on propagation loss at 1.52 μm. An increase in loss with increased rib height and decreased rib width was associated with scattering due to a rib surface roughness of approximately 50 nm for ion milled waveguides. Fabrication with reactive ion etching reduced the rib roughness and its associated scattering loss by a factor of 3 or more in waveguides with strong optical confinement (effective index difference of 0.012) of the fundamental guided mode.
A comparison of cycling SRM crank and strain gauge instrumented pedal measures of peak torque, crank angle at peak torque and power output (2011)

Abstract Our aim was to compare an SRM® torque analysis system with a strain gauge instrumented pedals system for right and left peak crank torque, crank angle of peak torque and power output. Seven competitive cyclists performed an incremental test to exhaustion on a stationary cycle ergometer equipped with an SRM® torque analysis system and a strain gauge instrumented pedals system (SGI pedals). The SRM® torque analysis system measured net torque while the SGI pedals measured the normal and anterior-posterior force applied on the pedal surface. Forces on the pedal surface were resolved into forces on the cranks (tangential and radial). Crank torque was measured by the pedals using the tangential force on the cranks and crank length. Power output was calculated from crank torque and angular velocity of the crank (calculated from pedalling cadence). All data were acquired between the 20th and the 40th seconds of each stage of the incremental test. Magnitudes of differences between outputs from the SGI pedals and the SRM® torque analysis system were assessed by effect sizes. Power output was higher for the SRM® torque analysis system than the SGI pedals. Peak torques were lower for the SRM® torque analysis system compared to the SGI pedals. The angle of the right and left peak torque increased for the SRM® torque analysis system compared to the SGI pedals. The SRM® torque analysis system overestimated power output, underestimated peak torque and increased the angle of peak torque compared to the SGI pedals. Where possible a strain gauge instrumented pedals system should be used to measure performance variables of cyclists rather than the SRM® torque analysis system.
Environmental durability of polymer concrete (1996)

Over the past two decades, polymer concrete has increasingly been used for a number of applications including piping, machine bases, chemically resistant flooring, and bridge overlays. Currently, the use of polymer concrete as a wear surface for polymeric composite bridge decks is being investigated. Polymer concrete is a particulate composite comprised of mineral aggregate bound by a polymeric matrix. Such materials possess significantly higher mechanical properties than Portland cement concrete. However, the mechanical characteristics and environmental durability of polymer concrete are influenced by a number of factors. Among these are the selection of aggregate and resin, surface treatment, and cure conditions. In this work the influence of matrix selection and cure history on the environmental durability of polymer concrete was investigated. Particular attention was given to the effects of water on composite properties and to the mechanisms by which degradation occurs. The basalt-based polymer concrete systems investigated were susceptible to attack by water. Furthermore, results suggest that property loss associated with water exposure was primarily a result of interfacial weakening.
EFFECT OF PRE- AND POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS OF SALICYLIC AND GIBBERELLIC ACID ON RIPENING AND SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 'MASHHAD' SWEET CHERRY (PRUNUS AVIUM L.) FRUIT (2010)

ISHS XI International Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production EFFECT OF PRE- AND POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS OF SALICYLIC AND GIBBERELLIC ACID ON RIPENING AND SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 'MASHHAD' SWEET CHERRY (PRUNUS AVIUM L.) FRUIT
Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Reduces Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Dengue Virus Infections in Healthy Children and Adolescents Aged 2–16 Years in Asia and Latin America (2016)

The observed vaccine efficacy against asymptomatic dengue virus infections is expected to translate into reduced dengue virus transmission if sufficient individuals are vaccinated in dengue-endemic areas.
A note on the history and future of the 'Wylie' system (2012)

A note on the history and future of the 'Wylie' system
Enhanced cross‐talk correction technique for simultaneous dual‐isotope imaging: A TL‐201/Tc‐99m myocardial perfusion SPECT dog study (1997)

A newly developed cross-talk correction method for simultaneous dual-isotope SPECT imaging was tested in a canine model. The method is based on the assumption that the transformations, which modify the primary energy window images into the scatter images as viewed in the other energy windows, are known. These transformations were found by measuring the point spread functions (PSFs) in two different energy windows for both isotopes in water. The dual-isotope correction method is described by two convolution equations which were applied in frequency space. The equations take into account the different spatial distributions of the primary and scatter cross-talk photons. The new enhancement of the method was in applying restoration filters to the resulting corrected images. Three separate studies were acquired in our dog study: two single-isotope and one dual-isotope study. The single isotope images were used as references. The contrast between the left ventricle cavity (LVC) and the myocardium was used in transaxial and short-axis slices as a parameter to evaluate results of dual-isotope correction method with restoration. The change in contrast in the dual-isotope corrected images in both energy windows, i.e., Tc-99m primary window (140 keV) and Tl-201 primary window (70 keV), was significant. The only exception was for the short-axis Tc-99m window images. The corrected 140 keV dual-isotope short-axis slice had the contrast of 0.60 vs 0.58, which was the value in the noncorrected dual-isotope short-axis slice. For dual-isotope 140 keV transaxial slice, the contrast changed from 0.72 to 0.82 after correction. In comparison, for single-isotope Tc-99m 140 keV transaxial slice, contrast changed from 0.62 to 0.84 after restoration correction. There was less change in contrast in the short-axis Tc-99m 140 keV slice, i.e., from 0.56 to 0.61. In the Tl-201 primary window for the transaxial slices the improvement of contrast was from 0.38 to 0.64, and for short-axis slices from 0.22 to 0.32 after correction. In the same 70 keV energy window for single-isotope Tl-201 images, contrast improved from 0.61 to 0.69 and from 0.35 to 0.38 for transaxial and short-axis slice, respectively, after applying restoration correction. In conclusion, the presented dual-isotope correction method with restoration improves the quality of the simultaneous rest Tl-201/stress Tc-99m sestamibi SPECT imaging.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERLEAVED, FRACTIONAL-TURN COIL (1965)

steps that progress from H/sub 2/O/O.2% TFA to 65% Ch/sub 3/CN/O.2% TFA. Following these steps in the procedure, five additional fractions are eluted with methanol. All eleven fractions are detected by monitoring the column effluents at 206 nm and can be recovered by lyophilization since all the components of the HPLC solvent system are volatile. Nine of the eleven fractions were found to contain protein. Three of the fractions contained proteins common to the blood compartment. Of the largest fraction contained albumin and the next largest contained the immunoglobulins. Six other protein fractions appeared to be derived from the cells of the lung inasmuch as they were not detected in plasma. 60 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
The effects of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, on the corneal endothelium in galactosemic dogs. (1990)

Wide-field specular microscopy was used to examine the central corneal endothelium of age- and sex-matched beagle dogs fed for up to 32 months either normal control diets containing 30% nonnutrient filler (13 dogs) or diets containing 30% galactose with (13 dogs) or without (12 dogs) concomitant treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil. Computerized morphometric analysis of the endothelial cells indicated that a significant decrease in cell density and increase in mean cell area occurred in untreated galactose-fed dogs after 32 months of feeding compared with the normal controls. However, no significant difference could be observed in similar galactose-fed dogs treated with sorbinil. No significant difference in the coefficient of variation of the area, or percent hexagonality of the endothelial cells, or the corneal thickness could be observed in any group. These findings demonstrated that endothelial abnormalities were present in the cornea of the galactose-fed dogs which were similar to those reported for diabetic dogs, rats, and patients and that these changes can be prevented by the concomitant administration of an aldose reductase inhibitor. These findings suggest a role for aldose reductase in the abnormalities noted in the corneal endothelium in diabetes and galactosemia.
Changes in serum antimüllerian hormone levels across the ovulatory menstrual cycle in late reproductive age (2010)

It is concluded that when AMH levels are substantially reduced, as in late reproductive age, they become less reliable as markers of ovarian reserve because of the changing patterns observed in some cycles.
Commit Protocols for a Distributed Transactional Memory (2010)

Concurrency control in distributed and parallel applications has been studied for many years but is still an ongoing research topic. Transactional memory addresses this challenge for multicore processors by proposing to execute critical sections as restartable transactions combined with optimistic synchronization. Thus the programmer has not to reason about complex lock management and deadlocks. We believe that some of these ideas are also useful for distributed systems. Therefore, we are developing the Object Sharing Service (OSS) providing transparent data sharing for clusters and grids. OSS supports different consistency models for replica management within one application. In this paper we present the design and implementation of different transaction commit protocols for supporting transactional consistency. The main challenge of the resulting distributed transactional memory (DTM) is how to mask network latency allowing to commit transactions fast. Experiments with synthetic micro benchmarks and a Map Reduce application on the Grid'5000 platform show that a DTM is efficiently providing strong consistency for shared data.
The Lee Modification of the Tuohy Needle???A Useful Adjunct to Gauging the Depth of the Epidural Space (1984)

Pain Control Center Department of Anesthesia University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati, OH 45267–0531
Two copper-responsive elements associated with the Chlamydomonas Cyc6 gene function as targets for transcriptional activators. (1995)

In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, cytochrome c6 (cyt c6) is synthesized only under conditions of copper deficiency when plastocyanin cannot be synthesized. In previous work, the copper-responsive regulation of cyt c6 synthesis was demonstrated to occur by control of transcription, with no contribution from post-transcriptional processes. To understand the mechanism underlying its regulation, the genomic DNA encoding cyt c6 (Cyc6) was analyzed for the presence of copper-responsive elements. Sequences lying between positions -127 and -7 with respect to the start site of transcription were found to be sufficient to confer copper-responsive expression on either a promoterless or a minimal beta-tubulin promoter-driven (arylsulfatase-encoding) reporter gene. Analysis of this 120-bp fragment indicated that copper-responsive elements lie in two distinct regions (between -110 to -56 and -127 to -109). ATG fusions between copper-insensitive promoters and the coding plus 3' untranslated region of the Cyc6 gene resulted in the accumulation of cyt c6 in copper-supplemented medium; this confirms earlier studies indicating a lack of post-transcriptional control in this copper-responsive pathway. In the context of a constitutive promoter (derived from the beta-tubulin gene), each region was found to function as an activator of transcription in copper-deficient cells, and the metal specificity of the response of reporter genes containing either one or both regions was identical to that of the endogenous Cyc6 gene. The copper-responsive synthesis of cyt c6 is thus attributed to these two 5' upstream sequences.
Regulatory effects of <i>Spirulina</i> complex polysaccharides on growth of murine RSV‐M glioma cells through Toll‐like receptor 4 (2012)

This study is the first to report that Spirulina complex polysaccharides (CPS) suppress glioma growth by down-regulating angiogenesis via a Toll-like receptor 4 signal. Murine RSV-M glioma cells were implanted s.c. into C3H/HeN mice and TLR4 mutant C3H/HeJ mice. Treatment with either Spirulina CPS or Escherichia coli (E. coli) lipopolysaccharides (LPS) strongly suppressed RSV-M glioma cell growth in C3H/HeN, but not C3H/HeJ, mice. Glioma cells stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-17 in both C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ tumor-bearing mice. Treatment with E. coli LPS induced much greater IL-17 production in tumor-bearing C3H/HeN mice than in tumor-bearing C3H/HeJ mice. In C3H/HeN mice, treatment with Spirulina CPS suppressed growth of re-transplanted glioma; however, treatment with E. coli LPS did not, suggesting that Spirulina CPS enhance the immune response. Administration of anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)8, anti-CD4, anti-CD8 antibodies, and anti-asialo GM1 antibodies enhanced tumor growth, suggesting that T cells and natural killer cells or macrophages are involved in suppression of tumor growth by Spirulina CPS. Although anti-interferon-γ antibodies had no effect on glioma cell growth, anti-IL-17 antibodies administered four days after tumor transplantation suppressed growth similarly to treatment with Spirulina CPS. Less angiogenesis was observed in gliomas from Spirulina CPS-treated mice than in those from saline- or E. coli LPS-treated mice. These findings suggest that, in C3H/HeN mice, Spirulina CPS antagonize glioma cell growth by down-regulating angiogenesis, and that this down-regulation is mediated in part by regulating IL-17 production.
ECOLOGIC STUDIES OF VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS (1969)

Journal Article ECOLOGIC STUDIES OF VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS: I. PREVALENCE OF INFECTION AMONG ANIMALS AND HUMANS LIVING IN AN AREA OF ENDEMIC VSV ACTIVITY Get access ROBERT B TESH, ROBERT B TESH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PAULINE H PERALTA, PAULINE H PERALTA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KARL M. JOHNSON KARL M. JOHNSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 90, Issue 3, September 1969, Pages 255–261, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121068 Published: 01 September 1969 Article history Received: 17 March 1969 Published: 01 September 1969
Optical Nanoscale Pool‐on‐Surface Design for Control Sensing Recognition of Multiple Cations (2008)

Abstract General design of optical chemical nanosensors is needed to develop efficient sensing systems with high flexibility, and low capital cost for control recognition of toxic analytes. Here, we designed optical chemical nanosensors for simple, high‐speed detection of multiple toxic metal ions. The systematic design of the nanosensors was based on densely patterned chromophores with intrinsic mobility, namely, “building‐blocks” onto three‐dimensional (3D) nanoscale structures. The ability to precisely modify the nanoscale pore surfaces by using a broad range of chromophores that have different molecular sizes and characteristics enables detection of multiple toxic ions. A key feature of this building‐blocks design strategy is that the surface functionality and good adsorption characteristics of the fabricated nanosensor arrays enabled the development of “pool‐on‐surface” sensing systems in which high flux of the metal analytes across the probe molecules was achieved without significant kinetic hindrance. Such a sensing design enabled sensitive recognition of metal ions up to sub‐picomolar detection limits (∼10 −11 mol dm −3 ), for first time, with rapid response time within few seconds. Moreover, because these sensing pools exhibited long‐term stability, reversibility and selectivity in detecting most pollutant cations, for example, Cr(VI), Pb(II), Co(II), and Pd(II) ions, they are practical and inexpensive. The key result in our study is that the pool‐on‐surface design for optical nanosensors exhibited significant ion‐selective ability of these target ions from environmental samples and waste disposals.
Regioselectivity in nucleophilic ring-opening of aziridinones (1998)

The proportions of products derived from competing modes of ring-opening of 1,3-di-tert-butylaziridinone and similar aziridinones by a variety of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and halogen nucleophiles do not agree with simple guidelines postulated in the literature for these types of aziridinones.
Region of interest motion compensation for PET image reconstruction (2007)

A motion-incorporated reconstruction (MIR) method for gated PET imaging has recently been developed by several authors to correct for respiratory motion artifacts in PET imaging. This method however relies on a motion map derived from images (4D PET or 4D CT) of the entire field of view (FOV). In this study we present a region of interest (ROI)-based extension to this method, whereby only the motion map of a user-defined ROI is required and motion incorporation during image reconstruction is solely performed within the ROI. A phantom study and an NCAT computer simulation study were performed to test the feasibility of this method. The phantom study showed that the ROI-based MIR produced results that are within 1.26% of those obtained by the full image-based MIR approach when using the same accurate motion information. The NCAT phantom study on the other hand, further verified that motion of features of interest in an image can be estimated more efficiently and potentially more accurately using the ROI-based approach. A reduction of motion estimation time from 450 s to 30 and 73 s was achieved for two different ROIs respectively. In addition, the ROI-based approach showed a reduction in registration error of 43% for one ROI, which effectively reduced quantification bias by 44% and 32% using mean and maximum voxel values, respectively.
Droplets Ejection Apparatus and Methods (2008)

The purpose of liquid atomizing is to increase the surface area of droplets and thereby raise the reaction speed with the surrounding air and enhance the effects of the heat and mass transfer. Higher surface to volume ratio can lead to increase contact areas between droplets and ambient air, and thereby achieve better atomization. Atomization is used for a wide range of applications in many fields, ranging from spray coating, powder metallurgy, evaporative cooling, medical nebulizers, to driving the movement of micro satellites. In this paper, we will discuss the use of some patented droplets ejection apparatuses and methods. Keywords: Atomization, spray coating, powder metallurgy, evaporative cooling
Textile touch sensors for wearable and ubiquitous interfaces (2013)

The design of textile touch sensing interaction was explored with the new metal composite embroidery yarns (MCEYs) and a simple and easy fabrication technique aimed towards robust and reliable pressure sensitive position sensors for wearable tangible interfaces. In this paper, the resistive sensing method of a potentiometer as an accurate positional indicator was chosen to make simple prototypes of MCEY embroidered touch sensors. A simple structure of embroidered potentiometer to create textile switches as an input device in a smart textile system was tested. Both one- and two-point sensing method were successfully demonstrated. A complete success rate on switching was observed. These simple but ingenious embroidered touch sensors showed the possibility of a soft, lightweight, flexible, freely foldable touchpad as a ubiquitous solution. It was also shown that these minimal fabrication technologies may be highly valued in the smart textile field thanks to their simplified interconnections, customizability and tailorability on double curvature surfaces.
The Year in Review: The Top Five Papers of 2018 (2018)

This past year, 2018, represented the culmination of a decade of remarkable successes in the field of human gene therapy, and likewise within the Human Gene Therapy journal. The five most-cited papers published in 2018 in Human Gene Therapy demonstrate the dynamic nature of the field and the central role that the journal continues to play as a forum for data exchange and dialog. In this brief Editorial, these articles are summarized and placed into context.