gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward Perfect Regiocontrol for β-Selective Cyclopolymerization Using a Ru-Based Olefin Metathesis Catalyst (2018)

Ru-based metathesis catalysts employed in cyclopolymerization (CP) of 1,6-heptadiyne derivatives have promoted regioselective α-addition to alkynes, forming various conjugated polyenes containing exclusively five-membered repeat units. Recently, we discovered that a new chelated Ru catalyst could promote regioselective β-addition to produce analogous polyenes containing six-membered rings with moderate to good β-selectivity. Since then, we have focused our research on pursuing more active and β-selective regiocontrol to produce conjugated polymers with excellent β-selectivity, with a much broader range of monomers. Herein, we demonstrate highly β-selective CP by combining a new dithiolate-chelated Ru-based catalyst with weakly coordinating pyridine additives, which significantly enhance the conversion and β-selectivity. An in-depth mechanistic investigation by 1H NMR revealed a prominent role for the additives, which improve the stability of the propagating carbene.
Online learning with expert advice and finite-horizon constraints (2008)

In this paper, we study a sequential decision making problem. The objective is to maximize the average reward accumulated over time subject to temporal cost constraints. The novelty of our setup is that the rewards and constraints are controlled by an adverse opponent. To solve our problem in a practical way, we propose an expert algorithm that guarantees both a vanish-ing regret and a sublinear number of violated constraints. The quality of this solution is demonstrated on a real-world power management problem. Our results support the hypothesis that online learning with convex cost constraints can be performed successfully in practice.
FOSETYL-AL (ALIETTE®), A PLANT DEFENSE ENHANCER WITH GOOD EFFICACY ON BACTERIA AND ON ASCOMYCETES IN APPLES AND PEARS (2015)

Fosetyl-Al (FEA) (AlietteÂ®, Bayer CropScience, Monheim, Germany) is a well-known fungicide of the chemical family of metallic mono-ethyl phosphonates, registered in the 1970s. Its antifungal effect on oomycetes can be partly explained by a direct effect on the inhibition of the growth of mycelium (e.g., Plasmopara spp.) by competing for the assimilation of phosphates. Its efficacy is increased by an indirect effect of enhancing natural plant defences via release of ethylphosphonate inside the plant tissue, triggering salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways. In pome fruit, fosetyl-Al exerts interesting activity against bacteria through reduced host susceptibility against the bacteria Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae. It additionally promotes intrinsic flower bud quality and the sink strength potential of flower clusters and may support the plant in overcoming abiotic stress. Evidence has been given that the Plant Defense Enhancement (PDE) effect of fosetyl-Al intensifies the plant immune response against a broad number of ascomycetes such as Stemphylium vesicarium, Venturia inaequalis, Alternaria spp. and Podosphaera leucotricha. Fosetyl-Al offers remarkable persistency against the epiphytic growing S. vesicarium fungus in âConferenceâ (Pyrus communis L.) pears and reduces the conidial infections of V. inaequalis on newly formed leaves. This potential makes fosetyl-Al an interesting partner in the overall disease control strategy in pears and other crops. Through its PDE effect, fosetyl-Al offers support to the efficacy of approved fungicides, used specifically against these main pathogens in pome fruit.
Fabrication of Ultrafine Soft-Matter Arrays by Selective Contact Thermochemical Reaction (2013)

Patterning of functional soft matters at different length scales is important for diverse research fields including cell biology, tissue engineering and medicinal science and the development of optics and electronics. Here we have further improved a simple but very efficient method, selective contact thermochemical reaction (SCTR), for patterning soft matters over large area with a sub-100 nm resolution. By selecting contact between different precursors through a topographically patterned PDMS stamp and subsequently any heating way for thermalchemical reaction, thermal-related soft matters can be patterned to form controllable micro or nano structures, even three-dimensional structures. The fine tunability and controllability of as-prepared micro and nano structures demonstrate this versatile approach a far wide range of uses than the merely academic.
Simplified analysis of PWM converters using model of PWM switch. Continuous conduction mode (1990)

A circuit-oriented approach to the analysis of pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters is presented. This method relies on the identification of a three-terminal nonlinear device, called the PWM switch, which consists of only the active and passive switches in a PWM converter. Once the invariant properties of the PWM switch are determined, its average equivalent circuit model can be derived. This model is versatile enough to easily account for storage-time modulation of bipolar junction transistor(s) (BJTs); the DC- and small-signal characteristics of a large class of PWM converters can then be contained by a simply replacing the PWM switch with its equivalent circuit model. The methodology is very similar to linear amplifier circuit analysis, whereby the transistor is replaced by its equivalent circuit model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A guided fuzzing approach for security testing of network protocol software (2015)

Software vulnerabilities are one of the root causes of network security issues. Software security testing is an essential part of secure software development. Fuzzing has been proven to be an effective dynamic software security testing method. In this paper we present a guided fuzzing approach based on dynamic taint analysis for security testing of network protocol software. This approach identifies the security sensitive functions of target application affected by network packets via dynamic taint analysis, and generates testcases by mutating these packets with the elements of a fuzz library. Due to the guidance of taint information, it to some extend overcomes the blindness of traditional fuzzing methods and improves efficiency. The approach integrates several successive steps, we currently focus on the taint analysis step and have received interesting preliminary experimental results.
Antiproliferative activity of Titanocene Y against tumor colony-forming units (2007)

Bis-[(p-methoxybenzyl)cyclopentadienyl] titanium dichloride, better known as Titanocene Y, is a newly synthesized titanium-based anticancer drug. We studied the antitumor activity of Titanocene Y with concentrations of 2.1, 21 and 210 micromol/l against a range of freshly explanted human tumors, using an in-vitro soft agar cloning system. The sensitivity against Titanocene Y was highly remarkable in the case of renal cell, ovarian, nonsmall cell lung and colon cancer. In particular the surprisingly good response of nonsmall cell lung cancer and colon cancer against Titanocene Y at its lowest concentration of 2.1 micromol/l was well comparable or better with respect to cisplatin, given at a concentration of 1.0 micromol/l. Further clinical development of Titanocene Y appears to be warranted because of the broad cytotoxic activity shown and the specific activity of Titanocene Y against renal cell cancer.
A method for adjusting the centre of mass of a freely falling body in absolute gravimetry (2007)

peer reviewed
A NEW METHOD OF PREPARING POLY(PHENYLENETHYNYLENES) (2001)

A series of new phenylated poly(phenylenes) containing ethynylene groups in the backbone was synthesized by the interaction of bis(ethynyls) with bis(triphenylcyclopentadienone)arylenes according to the Diels-Alder reaction. The produced polymers were characterized by FTIR and 1 H and 19 F NMR spectroscopy, as well as by TGA, TMA, and DSC methods. All polymers exhibit an excellent thermal stability and strongly fluoresce with maxima in the range from 530 to 580 nm.
RECOGNIZING AND SCREENING FOR POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION IN MOTHERS OF NICU INFANTS (2003)

BECK, CHERYL TATANO DNSc, CNM, FAANEditor(s): GRACEY, KARIN RNC, MSN, CNNP Author Information
Revisiting Primitive War: Perceptions of Violence and Race in History (2007)

(2007). Revisiting Primitive War: Perceptions of Violence and Race in History. War & Society: Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 1-25.
Hydrogen Dissociation from Mg-doped GaN (2004)

We have investigated the thermal activation process of Mg dopant in Mg-doped GaN by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and Hall measurement with the van der Pauw configuration. We have found a systematic relationship between the amount of the hydrogen dissociated from the Mg-doped GaN layer by thermal annealing and the electronic conductive properties of the layer, i.e., Hall mobility, Hall carrier density and resistivity of the layer. The hydrogen in the Mg-doped GaN layer has been classified into at least two different modes. The first mode involves relatively larger activation energy of the dissociation process from the Mg-doped GaN layer, and the dissociation energy from the Mg-doped GaN to the atmosphere is 0.8–1.5 eV. The second mode has the dissociation energy of 0.2–0.5 eV. The former mode may be associate with the hydrogen passivation of the Mg dopant in GaN and the latter one may be closely related to the passivation of the electrical compensation mechanism for the positive hole carriers in the Mg-doped GaN.
<title>Absorptive nonlinear semiconductor amplifiers for fast optical switching</title> (1991)

We demonstrate optical switching using split contact semiconductor absorptive nonlinear optical amplifiers. All-optical time switching of 500 MBit/s data with a rise time of 100 ps has been demonstrated. Fall times of 85ps can be achieved by reverse biasing the absorber section of the amplifier. The switch had a minimum switching threshold of 1 iW a switch gain of 1O dB and can operate over a 60 nm wavelength range around 1 . 55pm. Such a switch may be suitable for application in packet switched networks with multi-GBit/s header speeds. Wavelength switching using the same nonlinear amplifier is also demonstrated. 400 MBit/s data was converted over 35THz from 1 . 3 1im to wavelengths between 1 . 53 . tm and 1 . 585 pm. The minimum power at 1 . 3 1 jim required was ''60 iW. Such nonlinear optical amplifiers can give added flexibility in both TDM and WDM systems and are therefore likely to play a major role in future all-optical networks.
Non-Newtonian temperature and pressure effects of a powder lubricant slurry in a rotating hydrostatic step bearing (1993)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the pressure and temperature effects of graphite powder lubricant added to a carrier fluid of ethylene glycol as applied in a rotating hydrostatic step bearing. After the testing apparatus was designed and modified, the temperature and pressure profiles were determined analytically and experimentally. The rheological behavior of the non-Newtonian lubricant was modeled using a Power Law model developed previously. This model has been proven to match experimental data and was therefore the tool used for comparison with research data. Ethylene glycol was used as the Newtonian lubricant for the initial experimentation, which provided a check on the test apparatus and a comparison with the non-Newtonian graphite slurry.
Toward equity in health research. (1994)

The independent Commission on Health Research for Development determines the role of research in improving the health and well-being of the poor and recommends how to achieve this improvement. It decided that persons affected by health problems must be actively involved in the process of finding solutions to those problems. This forms the basis for the Essential National Health Research (ENHR) strategy. Each country's researchers, decision makers, and communities work together to identify problems, to set priorities, and to find solutions through scientific inquiry. This strategy is a means to effect equity in health within a country and between countries. The Task Force on Health Research for Development, formed in late 1990, supports international networks helping with the ENHR process and champions the significance of health research for development. It also mobilizes resources for ENHR. By March 1993, 18 countries were in the process of implementing the ENHR strategy and another 18 were considering implementing it. Each country develops its own ENHR process and uses various national organizations as the institutional base for the strategy (the community, academia, nongovernmental organizations, or government organizations). In March 1993, representatives of the 18 countries which had implemented ENHR and other participants at an international conference agreed to the need for a more permanent international coordinating mechanism for implementing the ENHR strategy, leading to the creation of the Council on Health Research for Development (COHRED). It is situated within UNDP in Geneva. As of December 1993, COHRED had 34 constituent countries, agencies, and organizations. ENHR allows countries to make difficult choices and solve problems via research activities. It involves the people, the researchers, and the policymakers as equal partners in the process. Most countries already using ENHR are poor countries that need technical and financial assistance to conduct ENHR.
Printed Nonvolatile Memory for a Sheet-Type Communication System (2009)

By using state-of-the-art printing technologies and functional inks, we have demonstrated organic nonvolatile flexible random-access-memory matrices with a nondestructive read-out capability and a time-continuous current output; these functionalities have not been simultaneously achieved even by silicon-based conventional memory. A memory cell comprising three transistors becomes possible with inkjet printing and other solution-based processes, which can use ferroelectric copolymer ink comprising poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) and insulating ink comprising polyimide precursors properly within the planer plastic substrate. A large ldquo1 : 0rdquo current ratio of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> is observed in air when it is annealed at 135degC , which is sufficiently low to be compatible with many plastic substrates. When stored in air, the ldquo1 : 0rdquo ratio was still 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> after 15 days and 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> after 5 months, which is sufficient for practical applications. Furthermore, human-scale communication sheets were manufactured as the first demonstration utilizing large-area organic memories.
A quantitative model of point defect diffusivity and recombination in ion beam deposition and combined ion and molecular deposition (1991)

We are investigating the use of low energy ions (&lt;1 keV) in low temperature thin film growth techniques, ion beam deposition (IBD) and combined ion and molecular deposition (CIMD). In IBD, a thin film is directly grown from a low energy ion beam as the only source of material, while in CIMD, low temperature growth of thin films is achieved by depositing materials simultaneously from a low energy ion beam and one or several molecular beams. A simple model of the IBD process has been developed and accounts for atomic collisions and thermal diffusion during thin film growth. Computer simulation of IBD of Si on Si have been conducted as a function of ion energy to support more quantitatively this physical description of IBD. The results show that the IBD growth mechanism is mediated by the fast diffusing interstitials and establish a low energy limit to achieve epitaxial growth by IBD that depends on the point defect diffusivities. The defect generation has to be confined in the subsurface region in order to favor interstitial recombination with the surface, leading to net thin film growth, and vacancy annihilation to prevent amorphization. The effect of point defect diffusivities on the IBD growth process is also investigated. It is found that a model including fast moving interstitials can account for various experimental observations specific to IBD.
The sensible superconductor [magnesium diboride] (2002)

Cheap to make, simple to cool, easy to shape into wires, magnesium diboride could throw the field of superconducting applications wide open. With a superconducting transition temperature of 39 K, it can be conveniently cooled with commercial cryocoolers or liquid hydrogen (boiling point: 20.2 K). A powder that can be found in any well-stocked chemistry laboratory, it had never been tested for superconductivity until very recently. However, just 18 months after its discovery, magnesium diboride is on the road to producing real-world applications. The main properties of the material and the fabrication of superconducting wires are discussed in this article. Its advantages over high-temperature superconductors are discussed.
Biotechnology of fungi for improving plant growth : symposium of the British Mycological Society held at the University of Sussex, September 1988 (1989)

Contributors Preface 1. The use of specific ectomycorrhizas to improve artificial forestation practices D. H. Marx and C. E. Cordell 2. The cultivation of ectomycorrhizal fungi L. M. Harvey, J. E. Smith, B. Kristiansen, J. Neill and E. Senior 3. Potentialities and procedures for the use of endomycorrhizas with special emphasis on high value crops S. Gianinazzi, V. Gianinazzi-Pearson and A. Trouvelot 4. The use of fungi to control pests of agricultural and horticultural importance A. T. Gillespie and E. R. Moorhouse 5. Mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis in insects A. K. Charnley 6. Improvement of fungi to enhance mycoherbicide potential G. E. Templeton and D. K. Heiny 7. Fungi as biological control agents for plant parasitic nematodes B. R. Kerry 8. Selection, production, formulation and commercial use of plant disease biocontrol fungi: problems and progress R. D. Lumsden and J. A. Lewis 9. Mechanisms of biological disease control with special reference to the case study of Pythium oligandrum as an antagonist K. Lewis, J. M. Whipps and R. C. Cooke 10. Some perspectives on the application of molecular approaches to biocontrol problems R. Baker 11. Protoplast technology and strain selection M. J. Hocart and J. F. Peberdy 12. Commercial approaches to the use of biological control agents K. Powell and J. L. Faull 13. The environmental challenge to biological control of plant pathogens A. Renwick and N. Poole.
Mechanical Properties of Female Reproductive Organs and Supporting Connective Tissues: A Review of the Current State of Knowledge (2016)

Although there has been an upsurge of interest in research on women's sexual and reproductive health, most of the research has remained confined to the obstetrics and gynecology disciplines, without knowledge flow to the biomechanics community. Thus, the mechanics of the female reproductive system and the changes determined by pregnancy, age, obesity, and various medical conditions have not been thoroughly studied. In recent years, more investigators have been focusing their efforts on evaluating the mechanical properties of the reproductive organs and supportive connective tissues, but, despite the many advances, there is still a lot that remains to be done. This paper provides an overview of the research published over the past few decades on the mechanical characterization of the primary female reproductive organs and supporting connective tissues. For each organ and tissue, after a brief description of the function and structure, the testing methods and main mechanical results are presented. Constitutive equations are then reviewed for all organs/tissues together. The goal is to spark the interest of new investigators to this largely untapped but fast-evolving branch of soft tissue mechanics that will impact women's gynecologic, reproductive, and sexual health care.
A fish perspective: detecting flow features while moving using an artificial lateral line in steady and unsteady flow (2014)

For underwater vehicles to successfully detect and navigate turbulent flows, sensing the fluid interactions that occur is required. Fish possess a unique sensory organ called the lateral line. Sensory units called neuromasts are distributed over their body, and provide fish with flow-related information. In this study, a three-dimensional fish-shaped head, instrumented with pressure sensors, was used to investigate the pressure signals for relevant hydrodynamic stimuli to an artificial lateral line system. Unsteady wakes were sensed with the objective to detect the edges of the hydrodynamic trail and then explore and characterize the periodicity of the vorticity. The investigated wakes (Kármán vortex streets) were formed behind a range of cylinder diameter sizes (2.5, 4.5 and 10 cm) and flow velocities (9.9, 19.6 and 26.1 cm s(-1)). Results highlight that moving in the flow is advantageous to characterize the flow environment when compared with static analysis. The pressure difference from foremost to side sensors in the frontal plane provides us a useful measure of transition from steady to unsteady flow. The vortex shedding frequency (VSF) and its magnitude can be used to differentiate the source size and flow speed. Moreover, the distribution of the sensing array vertically as well as the laterally allows the Kármán vortex paired vortices to be detected in the pressure signal as twice the VSF.
Purification of <i>α</i><sub>s</sub>-, <i>β</i>-and <i>κ</i>-caseins by batchwise ion-exchange separation (1992)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Architecting a mashable open world wide web of things (2010)

Many efforts are currently going towards network ing smart things from the physical world (e.g. RFID, wireless sensor and actuator networks, embedded devices) on a larger scale. Rather than exposing real-world data and functionality through proprietary and tightly-coupled systems we propose to make them an integral part of the Web. As a result, smart things become easier to build upon. Popular Web languages (e.g. HTML, URI, JavaScript, PHP) can be used to build applications involving smart things and users can leverage well-known Web mechanisms (e.g. browsing, searching, bookmarking, caching, linking) to interact and share things. In this paper, we begin by describing a Web of Things architecture and best-practices rooted on the RESTful principles that contributed to the popular success, scalability, and evolvability of the traditional Web. We then discuss several prototypes implemented using these principles to connect environmental sensor nodes, energy monitoring systems and RFID tagged objects to the World Wide Web. We finally show how Web-enabled things can be used in lightweight ad-hoc applications called “physical mashups”.