gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of automatic exposure algorithm based on HD IP camera (2010)

The proposed automatic exposure algorithm calculated the image's average brightness based on the uniform partion with weight, then controlled shutter and gain by a gradual approximation with different adjusting step-size and achieved a wide range control of automatic exposure based on high definition ip camera. For high definition ip camera's different scene,the results based on TI's davinci platform shows that the proposed algorithm reached good auto exposure effect in normal lit ,back lit and excessive front lit. At the same time, algorithm's complexity is reduced and its efficiency is improved.
Single-Particle Tracking of Endocytosis and Exocytosis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in NIH-3T3 Cells (2008)

Over 10000 individual trajectories of nonphotobleaching single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) were tracked as they are incorporated into and expelled from NIH-3T3 cells in real time on a perfusion microscope stage. An analysis of mean square displacement allows the complete construction of the mechanistic steps involved from single duration experiments. We observe the first conclusive evidence of SWNT exocytosis and show that the rate closely matches the endocytosis rate with negligible temporal offset. We identify and study the endocytosis and exocytosis pathway that leads to the previously observed aggregation and accumulation of SWNT within the cells.
Delay and Power Monitoring Schemes for Minimizing Power Consumption by Means of Supply and Threshold Voltage Control in Active and Standby Modes (2006)

This paper describes newly developed delay and power monitoring schemes for minimizing power consumption by means of the dynamic control of supply voltage V/sub DD/ and threshold voltage V/sub TH/ in active and standby modes. In the active mode, on the basis of delay monitoring results, either VDD control or VTH control is selected to avoid any oscillation problem between them. In V/sub DD/ control, on the basis of delay monitoring results, VDD is adjusted so as to be maintained at the minimum value at which the chip is able to operate for a given clock frequency. In V/sub TH/ control, on the basis of power monitoring results, VTH is adjusted so as to maintain a certain switching current I/sub SW//leakage current I/sub LEAK/ ratio known to indicate minimum power consumption. In the standby mode, the precision of power monitoring (which detects optimum body bias by comparing subthreshold current I/sub SUBTH/ to substrate current I/sub SUB/) is improved by taking into consideration both the effects of lowering V/sub DD/ and the effects of the presence of gate-oxide leakage current. Experimental results with a 90-nm CMOS device indicate that use of the proposed power monitoring results in the successful minimizing of power consumption. It does so by making it possible to: 1) maintain the I/sub SW//ILEAK ratio in the active mode and 2) detect optimum body bias conditions (I/sub SUBTH/=ISUB) within an error of less than 20% with respect to actual minimum leakage current values in the standby mode.
Dynamic swarm management for improved BitTorrent performance (2009)

BitTorrent is a very scalable file sharing protocol that utilizes the upload bandwidth of peers to offload the original content source. With BitTorrent, each file is split into many small pieces, each of which may be downloaded from different peers. While BitTorrent allows peers to effectively share pieces in systems with sufficient participating peers, the performance can degrade if participation decreases. Using measurements of over 700 trackers, which collectively maintain state information of a combined total of 2.8 million unique torrents, we identify many torrents for which the system performance can be significantly improved by re-allocating peers among the trackers. We propose a light-weight distributed swarm management algorithm that manages the peer torrents while ensuring load fairness among the trackers. The algorithm achieves much of its performance improvements by identifying and merging small swarms, for which the performance is more sensitive to fluctuations in the peer participation, and allows load sharing for large torrents. 1
An Autocorrelation Term Method for Curve Fitting (2013)

The least-squares method is the most popular method for fitting a polynomial curve to data. It is based on minimizing the total squared error between a polynomial model and the data. In this paper we develop a different approach that exploits the autocorrelation function. In particular, we use the nonzero lag autocorrelation terms to produce a system of quadratic equations that can be solved together with a linear equation derived from summing the data. There is a maximum of solutions when the polynomial is of degree . For the linear case, there are generally two solutions. Each solution is consistent with a total error of zero. Either visual examination or measurement of the total squared error is required to determine which solution fits the data. A comparison between the comparable autocorrelation term solution and linear least squares shows negligible difference.
Pressure vs. Air Flow Through Fresh Tobacco Leaves (1985)

ABSTRACT INLET pressure and pressure drop across an exit orifice were measured for various air flows and depths of fresh tobacco leaves and whole plants bulked at 180 to 300 kg/m3 in a curing configuration. Flow was calculated from the pressure drop across the orifice. Air flow through leaves and whole stalks as a function of the pressure gradient gave the expected straight line plot on a log-log graph with a slope of 0.64 to 0.88. Bed depth effects could be effectively normalized by dividing the pressure by the depth. The intercept decreased appreciable with increases in the bulk density of the tobacco thus reflecting the increases in flow resistance with density. Correlation coefficients varied from 0.86 to 0.99 with most of them being about 0.99. Density effects, which caused large decreases in flow as density increased, could be approximately normalized by dividing the pressure gradient by the third power of the ratio of the actual density to a reference or average density. Lower densities tended to be overcompensated and higher densities tended to be undercompensated.
Quantifying dental biofilm growth using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (2012)

CP-OCT has the ability to nondestructively monitor biofilm growth and elucidate the growth characteristics of these microcosms on different dental material compositions.
Pattern asymmetry correction using assist patterns (2000)

The trend of critical dimension (CD) asymmetry due to coma aberration of exposure tool and the effectiveness of assist pattern (AP) to minimize the CD asymmetry are investigated in line and space patterns by simulation and experiment. The optimum space of AP form main bar pattern to correct the CD asymmetry is about 0.3-0.4 um and seems to be insensitive to the target CD of main bar, NA and degree of coherence of lithography tool, and AP size. The results, in case of the application of AP with optical proximity correction rules achieved by simulation and experiment to logic device with 0.18 micrometers gate length, show the CD asymmetry of metrology error level and about 50 percent in-field CD uniformity improvement, as compared with those obtained before Ap application. Therefore, it is evident that the use of AP is very effective and useful to correct the CD uniformity and the CD asymmetry simultaneously.
Dynamic Modeling by Usage Data for Personalization Systems (2009)

With the extensive growth of data available on the Internet, personalization of this huge information becomes essential. Although, there are various techniques of personalization, in this paper we concentrate on using data mining algorithms to personalize web sites’ usage data. This paper proposes an off-line model based web usage mining that is generated by clustering algorithm.Then, we will use users’ transactions periodically to change the off-line model to a dynamic-model.This proposed approach will solve the problem of the decrease of accuracy in the off-line models over time resulted of new users joining or changes of behaviour for existing users in model-based approaches. Finally, we discuss the on-line model for user behaviour prediction in the web personalization system.
Influence of additives on losses mechanisms for Mn-Zn ferrites properties at high frequency (1 MHz) (1995)

This paper describes the physical mechanisms of the influence of additives on Mn-Zn ferrites properties at high frequencies (1 MHz or more). A material designed for such operating conditions was developed by studying the influence of grain size and oxidation state on electromagnetic properties. Typical total core losses were 550 mW/cm{sup 3} at 1 MHz, 100{degrees}C, 50 mT. The aim of this work is to evaluate improvements due to different additions of SiO{sub 2}, CaO and TiO{sub 2}.
Clonal dynamics following p53 loss of heterozygosity in Kras-driven cancers (2016)

Although it has become increasingly clear that cancers display extensive cellular heterogeneity, the spatial growth dynamics of genetically distinct clones within developing solid tumours remain poorly understood. Here we leverage mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) to trace subclonal populations retaining or lacking p53 within oncogenic Kras-initiated lung and pancreatic tumours. In both models, p53 constrains progression to advanced adenocarcinomas. Comparison of lineage-related p53 knockout and wild-type clones reveals a minor role of p53 in suppressing cell expansion in lung adenomas. In contrast, p53 loss promotes both the initiation and expansion of low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanINs), likely through differential expression of the p53 regulator p19ARF. Strikingly, lineage-related cells are often dispersed in lung adenomas and PanINs, contrasting with more contiguous growth of advanced subclones. Together, these results support cancer type-specific suppressive roles of p53 in early tumour progression and offer insights into clonal growth patterns during tumour development.
A Better Matching Accuracy for Verification &amp;amp; Identification Using Biometric Features (2012)

Fingerprints are the most widely used biometric feature for person identification & verification in the field of biometric identification. Fingerprint possesâ two main types of features that are used for automatic fingerprint identification & verification (i) Ridge & furrow structure that forms a special pattern in the central region of finger print & (ii) Minutiae details associated with the local ridge & furrow structure. This paper Presents an approach to speed up the matching process by classifying the fingerprint pattern into different groups at the time of enrollment & improves finger print matching while matching the input template with stored template. And apart from that we have introduced spectral minutiae features and involved the singular point algorithms and as well as into feature reduction algorithms. With reduced features we can also achieve a fast minutiae based matching algorithm. The algorithm result indicates that this approach manages to speed up the matching effectively and therefore prove to be suitable for large database like forensic divisions.
DNA polymerases δ and λ cooperate in repairing double-strand breaks by microhomology-mediated end-joining in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2015)

Maintenance of genome stability is carried out by a suite of DNA repair pathways that ensure the repair of damaged DNA and faithful replication of the genome. Of particular importance are the repair pathways, which respond to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and how the efficiency of repair is influenced by sequence homology. In this study, we developed a genetic assay in diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to analyze DSBs requiring microhomologies for repair, known as microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ). MMEJ repair efficiency increased concomitant with microhomology length and decreased upon introduction of mismatches. The central proteins in homologous recombination (HR), Rad52 and Rad51, suppressed MMEJ in this system, suggesting a competition between HR and MMEJ for the repair of a DSB. Importantly, we found that DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) is critical for MMEJ, independent of microhomology length and base-pairing continuity. MMEJ recombinants showed evidence that Pol δ proofreading function is active during MMEJ-mediated DSB repair. Furthermore, mutations in Pol δ and DNA polymerase 4 (Pol λ), the DNA polymerase previously implicated in MMEJ, cause a synergistic decrease in MMEJ repair. Pol λ showed faster kinetics associating with MMEJ substrates following DSB induction than Pol δ. The association of Pol δ depended on RAD1, which encodes the flap endonuclease needed to cleave MMEJ intermediates before DNA synthesis. Moreover, Pol δ recruitment was diminished in cells lacking Pol λ. These data suggest cooperative involvement of both polymerases in MMEJ.
Occurrence of the tumor-specific, calcium-binding protein, oncomodulin, in virally transformed normal rat kidney cells. (1983)

Oncomodulin, an apparently tumor-specific calcium-binding protein, has been detected in many chemically induced rat hepatomas. It is now possible to detect, by radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence, the presence of oncomodulin in normal rat kidney cells virally transformed by avian sarcoma virus. By contrast, it was not detected in uninfected, nonneoplastic normal rat kidney cells. The protein was isolated and purified by a novel high-performance liquid chromatography procedure and shown to be identical to that isolated previously from rat hepatoma. The cellular levels of oncomodulin approached the levels of calmodulin in avian sarcoma virus-transformed normal rat kidney cells, suggesting that the total calcium-binding activity of the cell may play a role in expression of the transformed phenotype.
Outdoor Obstacle Detection and Localisation with Monovision and 3D Geographical Database (2007)

In this paper, an obstacle detection approach for downtown environments is developed. This approach exploits a 3D geographical database managed by a 3D-GIS and a monovision-based system. The pose estimated by a LRK GPS is used to geo-localise the vehicle. After coordinates system conversion, the vehicle is localised in the 3D geographical database. An image processing module is developed to match synchronized images provided by 3D GIS and an on-board camera. Several kinds of obstacles are then detected and tracked by comparison between real images and virtual images. Finally, the distance between the camera and the obstacles is computed, as well as the geo-position of the detected obstacles. Experimental results with real data are presented in the final section.
STRENGTH EVALUATION OF NOVEL UNIDIRECTIONAL-GIRDER-SYSTEM PRODUCT OIL CARRIER BY RELIABILITY ANALYSIS (1985)

A new concept of ship hull structure has been developed in which a complete double-skinned hull is stiffened by only longitudinal girders and double-skinned transverse bulkheads. The paper describes this unidirectional girder system and its advantages in design, construction, performance and application to a product oil carrier.
Folded cavity angled-grating broad-area lasers (2013)

The angled-grating broad-area laser is a promising candidate for high power, high brightness diode laser source. The key point in the design is the angled gratings which can simultaneously support the unique snake-like zigzag lasing mode and eliminate the direct Fabry-Perot (FP) feedback. Unlike a conventional laser waveguide mode, the phase front of the zigzag mode periodically changes along the propagation direction. By use of the mirror symmetry of the zigzag mode, we propose and demonstrate the folded cavity angled-grating broad-area lasers. One benefit of this design is to reduce the required wafer space compared to a regular angled-grating broad-area laser, especially in a long cavity laser for high power operation. Experimental results show that the folded cavity laser exhibits good beam quality in far field with a slightly larger threshold and smaller slope efficiency due to the additional interface loss.
ChemInform Abstract: Neurosteroid Analogues. Part 2. Total Synthesis and Electrophysiological Evaluation of Benz(e)indene Analogues of the Anesthetic Steroid Alphaxalone. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Reaction of Alkali Metal Derivatives of Group IV Metal Alkyls with Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) Dichloride (1961)

The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride with sodium lead triethyl and with lithium tin triethyl have been investigated. Unstable solid products are formed. The reaction of liquid ammonia with bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride has also been studied.
Application of self-aligned CoSi/sub 2/ interconnection in sub-micron CMOS transistors (2003)

CoSi/sub 2/ interconnection layers of 0.14-0.40- mu m thickness were applied in a self-aligned manner to 0.75- mu m-gate-length N-channel and P-channel transistors in a complete CMOS device fabrication flow. The sheet resistance above active regions ranged from 1.6 to as low as 0.46 Omega /square for the four CoSi/sub 2/ thickness examined. Using an Al-Cu/TiW metallization, the resistance per contact for 1- mu m-diameter openings to CoSi/sub 2/ was <or=1 Omega . A junction consumption (due to silicide formation) of as great as approximately=80% for p/sup +/(B)/n and approximately=90% for n/sup +//(As)/p did not adversely affect the measured reverse-bias leakage or transistor gain performance. Furthermore, CoSi/sub 2/ layers were found compatible with the high-temperature annealing (920 degrees C) of an oxide overlayer, used to achieve some planarization of the device topography, without degradation in electrical performance.<<ETX>>
Chromosome-Encoded Ambler Class D β-Lactamase of<i>Shewanella oneidensis</i>as a Progenitor of Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Oxacillinase (2003)

A chromosome-encoded beta-lactamase gene from a Shewanella oneidensis reference strain was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. It encoded a carbapenem-hydrolyzing Ambler class D beta-lactamase, OXA-54, that shared 92% amino acid identity with the plasmid-encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-48 from Klebsiella pneumoniae. This work suggests that Shewanella spp. may produce the progenitor of oxacillinases compromising the efficacy of imipenem in clinically relevant gram-negative pathogens.
Subsamping-based image compression prediction for memory-limited applications (2004)

ITU T.81 JPEG baseline compression is perhaps the most widely used image compression standard today. This standard, which is used extensively in Internet and image processing applications by a variety of OS platforms, has also found broad use in camera-equipped cellular phones. A limitation of the baseline standard is that, for a given set of quantization and Huffman encoding tables, the compressed size of an arbitrary image cannot be guaranteed. This can lead to problems in wireless applications where typical constraints include CPU capability, memory size and available data transfer bandwidth. Presented in this paper is a solution for overcoming these limitations 99% of the time for atypical-use cases, which takes advantage of frame-to frame similarity in a stream from a camera, and full-scale vs. subsampled image correlation for a given image.
Tramadol: A new centrally acting analgesic (1997)

The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of tramadol are reviewed. Tramadol is a synthetic analogue of codeine that binds to mu opiate receptors and inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake. It is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral doses and is metabolized in the liver. Analgesia begins within one hour and starts to peak in two hours. In patients with moderate postoperative pain, i.v. or i.m. tramadol is roughly equal in efficacy to meperidine or morphine; for severe acute pain, tramadol is less effective than morphine. Oral tramadol can also be effective after certain types of surgery. Tramadol and meperidine are equally effective in postoperative patient-controlled analgesia. In epidural administration for pain after abdominal surgery, tramadol is more effective than bupivacaine but less effective than morphine. In patients with ureteral calculi, both dipyrone and butylscopolamine are more effective than tramadol. For labor pain, i.m. tramadol works as well as meperidine and is less likely to cause neonatal respiratory depression. Oral tramadol is as effective as codeine for acute dental pain. In several types of severe or refractory cancer pain, tramadol is effective, but less so than morphine; for other types of chronic pain, such as low-back pain, oral tramadol works as well as acetaminophen-codeine. Common adverse effects of tramadol include dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, and sedation. The abuse potential seems low. The recommended oral dosage is 50-100 mg every four to six hours. Tramadol is an effective, if expensive, alternative to other analgesics in some clinical situations.
Facile synthesis of γ-alkylidenebutenolides (2007)

In this paper, a novel route to gamma-alkylidenebutenolides (gamma-AIBs) by way of stereoselective vinylogous aldol reaction of the unactivated butenolide in simple and general conditions is reported.
Ursolic acid inhibits the growth of colon cancer-initiating cells by targeting STAT3. (2013)

Our results suggest STAT3 to be a target for colon cancer prevention. UA, a dietary agent, might offer an effective approach for colorectal carcinoma prevention by inhibiting persistently activated STAT3 in cancer stem cells.
The development of a solid state reference electrode for use in soil measurements (1977)

Abstract A pressed pellet liquid junction membrane and a solid state reference electrode have been developed which, having no solution flow, are not liable to blockage by soil particles. The electrodes provide a reasonably constant “reference” voltage over the range of pH and concentration conditions usually encountered in soils and soil extracts.
A 56-mW 23-&lt;tex&gt;$hbox mm^2$&lt;/tex&gt;Single-Chip 180-nm CMOS GPS Receiver With 27.2-mW 4.1-&lt;tex&gt;$hbox mm^2$&lt;/tex&gt;Radio (2006)

A 56-mW 23-mm/sup 2/ GPS receiver with CPU-DSP-64 kRAM-256 kROM and a 27.2-mW 4.1-mm/sup 2/ radio has been integrated in a 180-nm CMOS process. The SoC GPS receiver, connected to an active antenna, provides latitude, longitude, height with 3-m rms precision with no need of external host processor in a [-40, 105]/spl deg/C temperature range. The radio draws 17 mA from a 1.6-1.8-V voltage supply, takes 11 pins of a VFQFPN68 package, and needs just a few passives for input match and a crystal for the reference oscillator. Measured radio performances are NF=4.8 dB, Gp=92 dB, image rejection > 30 dB, -112 dBc/Hz phase noise @ 1 MHz offset from carrier. Though GPS radio linearity and ruggedness have been made compatible with the co-existence of a microprocessor, radio silicon area and power consumption is comparable to state-of-the-art stand-alone GPS radio. The one reported here is the first ever single-chip GPS receiver requiring no external host to achieve satellite tracking and position fix with a total die area of 23 mm/sup 2/ and 56-mW power consumption.