gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intramolecular photoreduction of .alpha.-keto esters. Total synthesis of (.+-.)-isoretronecanol (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular photoreduction of .alpha.-keto esters. Total synthesis of (.+-.)-isoretronecanolJean Claude Gramain, Roland Remuson, and Danielle ValleeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 5, 710–712Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00205a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00205a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views413Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Social Interaction and Linguistic Gain During Study Abroad (2007)

Abstract: This study investigates the role of social interaction in language gain among study abroad students in France. Using the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI), the Can‐Do self‐assessment scale (Clark, 1981), a revised version of the Language Contact Profile (LCP; Freed, Dewey, Segalowitz, & Halter, 2001), and preand postdeparture questionnaires, we examine gains in oral proficiency as related to language contact in the study abroad environment. This research shows that language gain is possible during a semester‐long study abroad program. It does not uphold the common belief that living situation and contact with authentic media differentiate students who improve from those who do not. Looking at the background of students (age, gender, grade point average, etc.), it reveals that only prior coursework in French correlates strongly with gains in proficiency once abroad. In its most surprising finding, this study suggests that speaking French with Americans may impede proficiency development.
Efficient Bidding for Virtual Machine Instances in Clouds (2011)

Combinatorial auctions are efficient mechanisms for allocating Virtual Machine (VM)instances to cloud computing users. Despite the fact that in general these mechanisms lead to higher revenues than the currently employed fixed-price mechanisms, the cloud computing providers do not employ them to allocate their resources. One of the main reasons is the complexity faced by the users when determining the bid (i.e., the bundle of VM instances and the bid value). We address this issue by developing an efficient bidding strategy for the users requesting VM instances. We design new metrics for evaluating bundles of VM instances based on the characteristics of the computing tasks. These metrics allow us to determine the valuation of the requested bundles and to design algorithms for selecting the best bundles to bid for. We perform simulation experiments to evaluate the proposed strategy in a simulated cloud environment.
Bioefficacy of Insecticides in Combination with Acaricides and Nutrients Against Helopeltis Theivorr Waterhouse in Tea (2006)

Field investigations were carried out to generate base line data on bioefficacy of recommended insecticides for the control of tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora in combination with acaricides to combat the problem of mixed infestation of red spider mite and tea mosqqito bug in tea. The mixture of cypermethrin with propagite ana fenpyroximatea combinations of deltamethrin, alphamethrin, β-cyfluthrin, λ-cyhalothrin with fenazaquin; sulfur combinations with deltamethrin, β-cyfluthrin, thiomethoxam and deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, β-cyfluthrin and endosulfan with propargite were not compatible chemically, which led to ineffectiveness in controlling the tea aosquito bug infestatian. Cypermethrih with urea, MOP and ZnSO4; fenazaquin with cypermethrin, endosulfan, thiomethoxam and imidacloprid; sulfur with endosulfan, alphamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid; and propargite with λ-cyhalothrin and alphamethrin were compatible with reference to no reduction in bioefficacy of insecticides while mixing with acaricides and foliar nutrients.
A bio-inspired Co3O4-polypyrrole-graphene complex as an efficient oxygen reduction catalyst in one-step ball milling (2015)

The development of non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts has attracted much research attention because of their high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities, low cost, and good durability. By one-step in-situ ball milling of graphite, pyrrole, and cobalt salt without resorting to high-temperature annealing, we developed a general and facile strategy to synthesize bio-inspired cobalt oxide and polypyrrole coupled with a graphene nanosheet (Co3O4-PPy/GN) complex. Herein, the exfoliation of graphite and polymerization of pyrrole occurred simultaneously during the ball milling process. Meanwhile, the Co3O4 and Co-N x ORR active sites were generated from the oxidized cobalt ion, cobalt-PPy, and the newly exfoliated graphene nanosheets via strong π–π stacking interactions. The resultant Co3O4-PPy/GN catalysts showed efficient electrocatalytic performances for ORRs in an alkaline medium with a positive onset and reduction potentials of−0.102 and−0.196 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), as well as a high diffusion-limited current density (4.471 mA·cm−2), which was comparable to that of a Pt/C catalyst (4.941 mA·cm−2). Compared to Pt/C, Co3O4-PPy/GN catalysts displayed better long-term stability, methanol tolerance, and anti-CO-poisoning effects, which are of great significance for the design and development of advanced non-precious metal electrocatalysts.
Black-white differences in stroke incidence in a national sample. The contribution of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. (1990)

Although national data have consistently shown an increased risk of death from stroke among blacks, few studies have addressed the reasons for this excess mortality. We compared the incidence of stroke among 1298 blacks and 7814 whites, aged 35 to 74 years, in the 10-year follow-up of the respondents from the First National Health and Nutrition Survey. Blacks had a higher estimated incidence of stroke than whites even after adjustment for age, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus; the relative risk was 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.0) for black women and 1.1 (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 1.6) for black men. The relative risks for stroke associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were unrelated to race. Although efforts to treat hypertension and diabetes are among the most important public health measures for reducing stroke, a more complete understanding of the determinants of stroke may be required to account for the excess stroke risk experienced by blacks.
Monoclonal antibodies against human leucocyte antigens. IV. Antibodies against subunits of the LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) leucocyte-adhesion glycoprotein. (1990)

Six monoclonal antibodies were prepared that recognize a broadly expressed antigen composed of noncovalently associated 95 kDa and 180 kDa subunits. Antibodies MEM-25, MEM-83 and MEM-95 are shown to react with a determinant(s) present on the isolated larger subunit identified as the CD11a glycoprotein, MEM-48 reacts with the isolated smaller subunit which is identical to the CD18 glycoprotein. Antibodies MEM-30 and MEM-94 recognize probably a determinant in the CD11a/CD18 complex (i.e., LFA-1 antigen) dependent on association of the constituent chains. Cytotoxic activity of NK cells in inhibited by antibodies MEM-25, MEM-95 and less strongly by MEM-30 and MEM-94.
Peptide-Based Inhibitors of the HIV Envelope Protein and Other Class I Viral Fusion Proteins (2010)

Viruses need to deliver their genomic information into the host cell lumen to establish productive infection. Enveloped viruses accomplish this task by fusing their membrane with a host cell membrane. Membrane fusion is facilitated by specialized viral membrane proteins, which mediate binding and entry into host cells. The architecture of the fusion machinery of envelope proteins can differ between viruses, and class I, II and III fusion systems have been described. However, the conformational rearrangements associated with membrane fusion are comparable and constitute attractive targets for intervention. The fusion apparatus of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein (Env), a class I fusion protein, is located in the transmembrane unit gP41 of Env. The fusion machinery is activated by Env binding to CD4 and a chemokine coreceptor, and the structural rearrangements in gp41 associated with membrane fusion comprise the insertion of a fusion peptide into the target cell membrane and the formation of a stable six-helix bundle structure. These processes can be efficiently inhibited by peptides mimicking conserved functional elements in gp41. A prominent example for such peptides, termed fusion inhibitors, is the peptide T-20 (enfuvirtide, Fuzeon) which is used as salvage therapy of HIV/AIDS. Here, we will discuss how HIV mediates fusion with host cell membranes and how this process can be blocked by peptides targeting gp41. In addition, we will discuss peptide inhibitors of other class I viral fusion proteins.
Eliminating bottlenecks on parallel systems using adaptive objects (1998)

Dynamic method replacement is a new technique to eliminate bottlenecks (e.g., around a root of tree structure) using adaptive objects for concurrent accesses. The technique eliminates the frequency of mutual exclusion and remote message passing by dynamically increasing the number of read only methods and the immutable part of objects. The results of performance measurements on both shared memory and distributed memory parallel architectures indicate the effectiveness of our approach to bottleneck elimination.
Microfluidic Impedance Flow Cytometry Enabling High-Throughput Single-Cell Electrical Property Characterization (2015)

This article reviews recent developments in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for high-throughput electrical property characterization of single cells. Four major perspectives of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell characterization are included in this review: (1) early developments of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell electrical property characterization; (2) microfluidic impedance flow cytometry with enhanced sensitivity; (3) microfluidic impedance and optical flow cytometry for single-cell analysis and (4) integrated point of care system based on microfluidic impedance flow cytometry. We examine the advantages and limitations of each technique and discuss future research opportunities from the perspectives of both technical innovation and clinical applications.
Hypoxic Preconditioning with Cobalt of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Cell Migration and Enhances Therapy for Treatment of Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury (2013)

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration is known to enhance the recovery of the kidney following injury. Here we tested the potential of hypoxic-preconditioned-MSC transplantation to enhance the efficacy of cell therapy on acute kidney injury (AKI) by improving MSC migration to the injured kidney. Cobalt was used as hypoxia mimetic preconditioning (HMP). MSC were subjected to HMP through 24 h culture in 200 mmol/L cobalt. Compared to normoxia cultured MSC (NP-MSC), HMP significantly increased the expression of HIF-1a and CXCR4 in MSC and enhanced the migration of MSC in vitro. This effect was lost when MSC were treated with siRNA targeting HIF-1a or CXCR4 antagonist. SPIO labeled MSC were administered to rats with I/R injury followed immediately by magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging clearly showed that HMP-MSC exhibited greater migration and a longer retention time in the ischemic kidney than NP-MSC. Histological evaluation showed more HMP-MSC in the glomerular capillaries of ischemic kidneys than in the kidneys receiving NP-MSC. Occasional tubules showed iron labeling in the HMP group, while no tubules had iron labeling in NP group, indicating the possibility of tubular transdifferentiation after HMP. These results were also confirmed by fluorescence microscopy study using CM-DiI labeling. The increased recruitment of HMP-MSC was associated with reduced kidney injury and enhanced functional recovery. This effect was also related to the increased paracrine action by HMP-MSC. Thus we suggest that by enhancing MSC migration and prolonging kidney retention, hypoxic preconditioning of MSC may be a useful approach for developing AKI cell therapy.
The Effectiveness of Intravesical Oxybutynin, Propantheline, and Capsaicin in the Management of Neuropathic Bladder following Spinal Cord Injury (2007)

The objective of this study was to compare the therapeutic response of intravesical oxybutynin, propantheline, and capsaicin in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Carried out in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at a university teaching hospital in India, patients acted as their own controls. Oxybutynin 5 mg in solution or propantheline 15 mg in solution and capsaicin were instilled intravesically in each patient. Urodynamic studies were done before and after the intravesical instillation of each drug. The nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis. The efficacy of intravesical capsaicin in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity was statistically significant for reflex volume (RV) (p = 0.018), cystometric capacity (CC) (p = 0.0440), leak volume (LV) (p = 0.000), and leak frequency (LF) (p = 0.009). The Kruskal-Wallis test for paired sample comparing pre- and post-LV and LF for intravesical capsaicin was significant at 2nd week (p = 0.002 and 0.054, respectively). There was a significant difference in therapeutic response between intravesical oxybutynin, propantheline, and capsaicin in the treatment of detrusor overactivity for LV and LF at 2nd week (p = 0.017 and 0.003, respectively). When comparing responses of oxybutynin and propantheline, more subjects demonstrated improvement with intravesical propantheline than oxybutynin for RV, detrusor leak point pressure (LPP), clean intermittent catheterization volume (CICV), and LV. This study suggests that intravesical agents may be used as effective adjuvants in the management of incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity following spinal cord injury.
Face Recognition by Super-Resolved 3D Models From Consumer Depth Cameras (2014)

Face recognition based on the analysis of 3D scans has been an active research subject over the last few years. However, the impact of the resolution of 3D scans on the recognition process has not been addressed explicitly, yet being an element of primal importance to enable the use of the new generation of consumer depth cameras for biometric purposes. In fact, these devices perform depth/color acquisition over time at standard frame-rate, but with a low resolution compared to the 3D scanners typically used for acquiring 3D faces in recognition applications. Motivated by these considerations, in this paper, we define a super-resolution approach for 3D faces by which a sequence of low-resolution 3D face scans is processed to extract a higher resolution 3D face model. The proposed solution relies on the scaled iterative closest point procedure to align the low-resolution scans with each other, and estimates the value of the high-resolution 3D model through a 2D box-spline functions approximation. To evaluate the approach, we built-and made it publicly available-the Florence Superface dataset that collects high-resolution and low-resolution data for about 50 different persons. Qualitative and quantitative results are reported to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed solution, also in comparison with alternative techniques.
The Anti-inflammatory Immune Regulation Induced by Butyrate Is Impaired in Inflamed Intestinal Mucosa from Patients with Ulcerative Colitis (2019)

Altered gut microbiota composition and reduced levels of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate, have been identified as key components of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to determine and compare effects of butyrate on the intestinal immune profile of UC patients with active disease and non-inflamed controls. Biopsies were cultivated during 6 h with or without butyrate. Cytokines were measured in supernatants and mRNA gene expression was analyzed in biopsies using Qiagen RT<sup>2</sup> Profiler PCR Arrays. The intestinal immune profile of cultured biopsies, as determined by mRNA gene expression and secreted cytokines, differed between inflamed UC samples and controls. Principal component analysis revealed that addition of butyrate differently regulated mRNA expression in inflamed biopsies from UC and non-inflamed biopsies from controls. Highly discriminant and predictive orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analyses identified 29 genes for UC (R2 = 0.94, Q2 = 0.86) and 23 genes for controls (R2 = 0.90, Q2 = 0.71) that were most regulated by butyrate. UC displayed more up-regulation of genes as compared with controls, and controls displayed the most prominent down-regulations. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified a down regulation of the Neuroinflammation Signaling pathway and predicted inhibition of the categories Inflammatory response, cellular movement, and cellular development as top diseases and functions, respectively, for controls but not for UC. In conclusion, butyrate has a different effect on gene regulation and more potently down-regulates gene expression of inflammatory pathways in non-inflamed controls than in inflamed tissue of UC patients. These discrepancies may at least partly explain why anticipated anti-inflammatory effects of local butyrate induction or supplementation are not always obtained.
The Mechanics of Anatomy (1998)

Mechanical engineers are helping to make the most complex machine of all-the human bodywork better and last longer, with projects ranging from safer skis to a new artificial heart. Researchers are gaining insights into designing a new breed of machines by using pneumatic artificial muscles to simulate the movements of a human arm. Current research is centered around alpine snow skiing, which produces complex loading at the knee. This load can be represented by three force and three moment components. Safety requires the bindings to release before loading reaches a level where it could injure the knee. The cornerstone of the artificial-heart project is the development of a novel magnetically levitated turbo-blood pump, which is intended to serve as a remedy for people with what would otherwise be terminal heart disease. Named the StreamLiner, its design evolution is being governed by numerical optimization algorithms, thus automating the design process for maximum functionality and biocompatibility.
Electrical Field-Flow Fractionation of Proteins (1972)

Protein separation has been achieved by electrical field-flow fractionation, a heretofore unrealized separation technique. Some advantages of this method relative to electrophoresis are the low voltage required, the lack of adverse heating and support effects, and the existence of the method as an elution technique. A comparison of theoretical and experimental retention shows good agreement.
Pseudomonas peritonitis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (1982)

In a population of 44 patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for a total of 591 patient months, there were 104 episodes of peritonitis. The organisms were gram-positive in 65.4%, gram-negative in 23.1%, and cultures of the dlalysate were sterile in 11.5%.<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>was the most frequently encountered gram-negative organism, accounting for 38.5% of the gram-negative infections or 9.6% of all infections. In all cases of<i>P aeruginosa</i>peritonitis, aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy for up to four weeks failed to eradicate the infection, and all patients required removal of the Tenckhoff catheter because of the presence of a sinus tract infection. We conclude that<i>P aeruginosa</i>is the most frequent cause of gram-negative peritonitis in patients receiving CAPD. The presence of a sinus tract infection should be suspected in all patients in whom peritonitis secondary to this organism develops. Removal of the Tenckhoff catheter will be required to cure the peritoneal infection. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1982;142:1862-1863)
Effect of pH on homopolymerization of <i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide (1957)

Abstract The polymerization of N ‐isopropylacrylamide in aqueous solution was studied using a redox catalyst consisting of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite. The purpose of the study was to relate the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer to the pH of the system and the catalyst concentration. It was observed that the rate of polymerization was very sensitive to the pH of the system. A plot of rate versus pH for a given catalyst concentration showed a maximum rate at a pH of 6.5. For a given catalyst concentration, the viscosity (molecular weight) of the polymer formed was independent of the rate of polymerization when the pH was 6.5 or less. Above a pH of 6.5 the viscosity was inversely proportional to the rate of polymerization. These results, together with data obtained on polymerization rates and polymer viscosities as functions of catalyst concentration at various pH values, indicate that the viscosity of the polymer formed is primarily a function of bisulfite ion concentration.
Super‐achromatic optical coherence tomography capsule for ultrahigh‐resolution imaging of esophagus (2018)

Endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technology allowing for imaging of tissue microanatomies of luminal organs in real time. Conventional endoscopic OCT operates at 1300 nm wavelength region with a suboptimal axial resolution limited to 8-20 μm. In this paper, we present the first ultrahigh-resolution tethered OCT capsule operating at 800 nm and offering about 3- to 4-fold improvement of axial resolution (plus enhanced imaging contrast). The capsule uses diffractive optics to manage chromatic aberration over a full ~200 nm spectral bandwidth centering around 830 nm, enabling to achieve super-achromaticity and an axial resolution of ~2.6 μm in air. The performance of the OCT capsule is demonstrated by volumetric imaging of swine esophagus ex vivo and sheep esophagus in vivo, where fine anatomic structures including the sub-epithelial layers are clearly identified. The ultrahigh resolution and excellent imaging contrast at 800 nm of the tethered capsule suggest the potential of the technology as an enabling tool for surveillance of early esophageal diseases on awake patients without the need for sedation.