gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opipramol for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Trial Including an Alprazolam-Treated Group (2001)

Opipramol, a drug widely prescribed in Germany, is a tricyclic compound with no reuptake-inhibiting properties. However, it has pronounced D2-, 5-HT2-, and H1-blocking potential and high affinity to sigma receptors (sigma-1 and sigma-2). In early controlled trials, anxiolytic effects were revealed. However, those studies were performed before the concept of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was established. Because of the interesting receptor-binding profile and promising results of the early clinical trials, the authors performed a state-of-the-art placebo-controlled trial using alprazolam as an active control. Three hundred seven outpatients with GAD were included. After a 7-day single-blind placebo washout, patients were randomly assigned to receive either opipramol (final dose, 200 mg/day), alprazolam (2 mg/day), or placebo and were treated for 28 days. The efficacy of both active compounds was higher than the effects with placebo treatment. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05, according to the analysis of covariance) in the main outcome criterion (baseline-adjusted final means of an intent-to-treat analysis of the total scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) and in secondary efficacy parameters, with global improvement of 47% for placebo and significantly more for opipramol (63%) and alprazolam (64%). Regarding safety and tolerability, no substantial differences in the number of adverse events observed between treatment groups were obvious. Sedation seemed more pronounced with alprazolam treatment than with opipramol or placebo. In this trial, it was demonstrated for the first time that opipramol, a strong but nonselective sigma site ligand, possesses anxiolytic efficacy superior to placebo in the treatment of GAD.
Performance of influenza rapid point‐of‐care tests in the detection of swine lineage A(H1N1) influenza viruses (2009)

The three rapid POC tests all detected the emergent swine lineage A(H1N1) virus when it was present at high virus concentrations. Early diagnosis of infection can assist in the rapid treatment. However the tests are significantly less sensitive than PCR assays and as such, negative results should be verified by a laboratory test.
Scalable integrated region-based image retrieval using IRM and statistical clustering (2001)

Statistical clustering is critical in designing scalable image retriev al systems. In this paper, we present a scalable algorithm for indexing and retrieving images based on region segmentation. The method uses statistical clustering on region features and IRM (Integrated Region Matching), a measure developed to evaluate overall similarity between images that incorporates properties of all the regions in the images by a region-matching scheme. Compared with retrieval based on individual regions, our overall similarity approach (a) reduces the influence of inaccurate segmentation, (b) helps to clarify the semantics of a particular region, and (c) enables a simple querying interface for region-based image retrieval systems. The algorithm has been implemented as a part of our experimental SIMPLIcity image retrieval system and tested on large-scale image databases of both general-purpose images and pathology slides. Experiments have demonstrated that this technique maintains the accuracy and robustness of the original system while reducing the matching time significantly.
Mechanical properties of metal-organic frameworks: An indentation study on epitaxial thin films (2012)

We have determined the hardness and Young's modulus of a highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF) using a standard nanoindentation technique. Despite the very low density of these films, 1.22 g cm−3, Young's modulus reaches values of almost 10 GPa for HKUST-1, demonstrating that this porous coordination polymer is substantially stiffer than normal polymers. This progress in characterizing mechanical properties of MOFs has been made possible by the use of high quality, oriented thin films grown using liquid phase epitaxy on modified Au substrates.
Effect of Iron Limitation on “ <i>Pseudomonas plantarii</i> ” Growth and Tropolone and Protein Production (1988)

The addition of iron to an iron-deficient medium markedly enhanced the growth of "Pseudomonas plantarii" and the production of red crystals. However, it markedly reduced the amount of dissolved tropolone, a product of the bacterium and an iron chelator, and the production of an iron-regulated protein (78 kilodaltons). The red crystal was complex, composed of tropolone and iron, the ratio being 3:1.
Aiding the intelligence analyst in situations of data overload: A simulation study of computer-supported inferential analysis under data overload (1999)

Abstract : A simulation study of inferential analysis was conducted with ten professional intelligence analysts. Using a process tracing methodology, patterns in vulnerabilities were identified when analysts were asked to analyze something outside their base of expertise, were tasked with a tight deadline, and had a large data set. Study participants were vulnerable to missing critical information. All the participants were observed to use relatively primitive search tactics, quickly narrowing in on a set of documents through the addition of keywords to an initial query. All of the participants missed some of the nine documents that were categorized as high quality. A group of four participants who found and relied upon some of the high quality documents took more time, read more documents, and made fewer inaccurate statements in their verbal briefings than a group of four participants who did not. In addition, three sources of inaccurate statements were identified. First, study participants sometimes relied upon assumptions that would normally be correct, but did not apply in this situation. Second, participants sometimes repeated information that was inaccurate in a document that they had read. Third, participants were observed to rely upon information that was considered accurate at one point in time, but then was later overturned in subsequent updates.- The main contribution from this research was a model of potential vulnerabilities in inferential analysis under challenging conditions. These vulnerabilities are informative because they point to a set of challenging design criteria that human-centered solutions to data overload need to meet.
Direction Estimation of Pedestrian from Images (2003)

The capability of estimating the walking direction of people would be useful in many applications such as those involving autonomous cars and robots.We introduce an approach for estimating the walking direction of people from images, based on learning the correct classification of a still image by using SVMs. We find that the performance of the system can be improved by classifying each image of a walking sequence and combining the outputs of the classifier.Experiments were performed to evaluate our system and estimate the trade-off between number of images in walking sequences and performance.
Deadlock-free schedules for automated manufacturing workstations (1996)

Scheduling automated, unmanned manufacturing systems is significantly different from traditional job shops where human presence is implicitly assumed. Deadlocking has been identified as one of the critical problem in the control of automated manufacturing systems. Past approaches have been myopic in the sense that deadlock avoidance and recovery have been treated as run time problems of the system. In this paper, formulations for deadlock-free schedules are proposed and the importance of considering both material handling and buffer space availability while scheduling such an automated workstation are discussed. Extensions to the basic model and solution methods are also presented.
Fluorescence of Organic Molecules in Chiral Recognition (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleFluorescence of Organic Molecules in Chiral RecognitionLin PuView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 3, 1687–1716Publication Date (Web):February 3, 2004Publication History Received25 August 2003Published online3 February 2004Published inissue 1 March 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr030052hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr030052hresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9782Altmetric-Citations737LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Amines,Fluorescence,Monomers,Oligomers Get e-Alerts
Policy Transfer using Reward Shaping (2015)

Transfer learning has proven to be a wildly successful approach for speeding up reinforcement learning. Techniques often use low-level information obtained in the source task to achieve successful transfer in the target task. Yet, a most general transfer approach can only assume access to the output of the learning algorithm in the source task, i.e. the learned policy, enabling transfer irrespective of the learning algorithm used in the source task. We advance the state-of-the-art by using a reward shaping approach to policy transfer. One of the advantages in following such an approach, is that it firmly grounds policy transfer in an actively developing body of theoretical research on reward shaping. Experiments in Mountain Car, Cart Pole and Mario demonstrate the practical usefulness of the approach.
Dynamic interactions of biofilms of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa with tobramycin and piperacillin (1992)

The dynamic interaction of planktonic and biofilm cells of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa with tobramycin and piperacillin was investigated in a chemostat system. The results indicated that planktonic and young biofilm cells of the 2-day-old chemostat culture of P. aeruginosa were susceptible to killing by chemostat-controlled doses of either 250 micrograms of piperacillin per ml plus 5 micrograms of tobramycin per ml or 500 micrograms of piperacillin per ml plus 5 micrograms of tobramycin per ml. Complete eradication of the planktonic and young biofilm cells was observed after exposure of the cells to six chemostat-controlled doses of these antibiotic at 8-h intervals for 7 days. Regrowth of the organism was not observed after the termination of antibiotic therapy on day 7. A different picture was observed when antibiotic treatment was initiated on day 10 after inoculation. Viable old biofilm cells were reduced to approximately 20% after exposure to the chemostat-controlled doses of 500 micrograms of piperacillin per ml plus 5 micrograms of tobramycin per ml. Complete eradication of old biofilm cells could not be achieved, and regrowth of the organism occurred after the termination of antibiotic therapy. These data suggest that young biofilm cells of mucoid P. aeruginosa can be effectively eradicated with the combination of piperacillin and tobramycin, while old biofilm cells are very resistant to these antibiotics and eradication of old biofilm cells is not achievable with the chemostat-controlled doses of piperacillin and tobramycin used in this study.
Calibration Intervals from Variables Data 1 (2006)

Historically, calibration results have typically been recorded and stored in the form of attributes data. In the past few years, however, an apparent trend has begun to emerge for recording and storing calibration results in the form of variables data. This is partly due to ISO/IEC 17025 requirements for uncertainty analysis and partly due to the growing implementation of six-sigma or other SPC quality control systems. The growing availability of variables data has positive implications for calibration interval analysis. This paper describes a methodology for determining calibration intervals from variables data. A regression analysis analytical approach is developed and algorithms are given for setting parameter calibration intervals from the results of variables data analysis. 1
Comparison of Gas Membrane Separation Cascades Using Conventional Separation Cell and Two-Unit Separation Cells (1978)

The adoption of two-unit separation cells in radioactive rare gas membrane separation equipment enhances the separation factor, but increases the required membrane area and compressive power. An analytical economic evaluation was undertaken to compare the conventional separation cell with the two-unit separation cells, adopting as parameters the number of cascade stages, the membrane area and the operating power requirements. This paper describes the models used for evaluating the separation performance and the economics of cascade embodying these different concepts of separation cell taken up for study, and the results obtained for the individual concepts are mutually compared. It proved that, in respect of the number required of cascade stages, of operating power requirements and of the annual expenditure, better performance could always be expected of the two-unit separation cells as compared with the conventional separation cell, at least in the range of parameters adopted in this study. As regards the minimum membrane area, the conventional separation cell and the series-type separation cell yielded almost the same values, with the parallel-type separation cell falling somewhat behind.
A methodology for architectural-level risk assessment using dynamic metrics (2002)

Risk assessment is an essential process of every software risk management plan. Several risk assessment techniques are based on the subjective judgement of domain experts. Subjective risk assessment techniques are human-intensive and error-prone. Risk assessment should be based on product attributes that we can quantitatively measure using product metrics. This paper presents a methodology for risk assessment at the early stages of the development lifecycle, namely the architecture level. We describe a heuristic risk assessment methodology that is based on dynamic metrics obtained from UML specifications. The methodology uses dynamic complexity and dynamic coupling metrics to define complexity factors for the architecture elements (components and connectors). Severity analysis is performed using FMEA (failure mode and effect analysis), as applied to architecture simulation models. We combine severity and complexity factors to develop heuristic risk factors for the architecture components and connectors. Based on component dependency graphs that were developed earlier for reliability analysis, and using analysis scenarios, we develop a risk assessment model and a risk analysis algorithm that aggregates the risk factors of components and connectors to the architectural level. We show how to analyze the overall risk factor of the architecture as the function of the risk factors of its constituting components and connectors. A case study of a pacemaker is used to illustrate the application of the methodology.
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants Fed High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid (2009)

anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12606000327583.
Component integrity check and recovery against malicious codes (2006)

With the rise in usage of software components in distributed computing applications, the importance of safeguarding these components has assumed great significance. In trying to ensure the survivability of these components, we enable a mission-critical application to detect malicious codes in a component downloaded from a remote location and recover the original functionality of the compromised component. In our work, we use digital signatures to ensure the integrity of software components in a large distributed system. By detecting unauthorized add-ons to the original components we can ensure that only legitimate software components are allowed to execute in a protected software environment. We also explore techniques to recover the original functionality of the component under attack by removing the affected portion from the component. In this paper we introduce the system architecture and the support mechanisms for our proposed approaches.
Comparison of the effects of selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase types III and IV in airway smooth muscle with differing β‐adrenoceptor subtypes (1993)

1. The relaxant properties of the type IV adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase (cyclic AMP PDE) inhibitor, rolipram and the beta 2-selective and non-selective beta-adrenoceptor agonists salbutamol and isoprenaline, were compared on the guinea-pig, bovine, and mouse trachea and porcine bronchus all precontracted with methacholine (EC30). 2. Rolipram and both beta-agonists produced concentration-dependent reversal of the methacholine-induced tone in the four airway preparations. 3. Isoprenaline and salbutamol were similar in potency on the guinea-pig (-log10IC50:8.43, 8.06) and bovine (-log10 IC50:8.52, 8.40) airways. In contrast, salbutamol was much less potent than isoprenaline on the mouse trachea (> 1000 fold) and the porcine bronchus (> 100,000 fold). 4. The potency of rolipram approached that of isoprenaline on the guinea-pig and bovine trachea (beta 2-adrenoceptors predominate). However, rolipram was significantly less active than isoprenaline on the porcine bronchus (1000 fold) and mouse trachea (> 2000 fold) where beta 2-adrenoceptors predominate. 5. Siguazodan, the type III cyclic AMP PDE inhibitor, produced concentration-dependent relaxations of the porcine bronchus and guinea-pig trachea contracted with methacholine. Siguazodan was 100 fold more active than rolipram in pig tissues indicating the type III isoenzyme may be of greater functional significance in this tissue. In contrast, siguazodan was 15 times less potent that rolipram in guinea-pig airways suggesting a greater role for the type IV PDE. 6. These findings may reflect a possible relationship between the beta 2-adrenoceptor subtype and the functional importance of the type IV PDE isoenzyme. A similar relationship may exist between beta 1-adrenoceptors and the PDE type III isoenzyme.
Chemo‐Enzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Amino Acid Thioesters (2007)

Abstract The L ‐forms of racemic‐ N‐ protected‐β,γ‐unsaturated α‐amino acid thioesters were found to be substrates for the subtilisin‐catalysed hydrolysis to the corresponding acids. The D ‐enantiomer was continuously racemised in the presence of an organic base. The combined reactions in a biphasic system allowed the deracemisation of the amino acid derivatives based on a dynamic kinetic resolution. Excellent yields and enantioselectivities were achieved.
Operational Based Vision Assessment Research: Depth Perception (2014)

Abstract : The United States Air Force (USAF) and Navy (USN) use a battery of tests to quantify depth perception, including the Armed Forces Vision Tester (AFVT) stereopsis test, AO Vectograph, Verhoeff, and Howard-Dolman (HD). Most of these tests are tests of stereopsis, such as the AFVT and AO Vectograph. Others evaluate depth perception with stereo as a contributor to performance, such as the HD. The USAF and USN maintain depth perception standards for pilots and other aircrew with scanner duty (e.g., aerial refueling operators, aircrew responsible for clearing aircraft during landing, etc.). However, very little research has been carried out to establish quantitative relationships between clinical tests of vision and operational aircrew performance, including clinical tests for depth perception, which is the goal of the USAF Operational Based Vision Assessment program. While the need for stereo vision for tasks involving distance estimation seems intuitive, research examining the role of stereo vision and/or stereo displays often fails to show a clear relationship. Further, the results of different depth perception tests often differ substantially. Thus, any research examining the importance of stereo vision must also take into consideration the adequacy of the screening test. This paper provides a review of the research on the role of depth perception in performance as well as different methods of assessing stereo acuity. Research plans at the USAF 711th Human Performance Wing, U.S. Naval Aerospace Medicine Research Unit, and DSO National Laboratories involving depth perception and stereo acuity test methods are described.
Optimal waveband and mathematical model for analysis of human whole blood glucose by near infrared transmission spectroscopy (2010)

The optimal waveband for quantitative analysis of the human whole blood glucose by near infrared transmission spectroscopy is discussed in this paper. First, whole blood samples of different thickness (0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 4mm ) of the near-infrared transmittance spectra were analyzed respectively. It shows that the sample thickness of 0.5mm is more suitable for spectral analysis. And then near infrared spectroscopy of 111 samples of 0.5mm thickness were collected. Finally, different pretreatment methods of scattering correction methods, derivatives and different modeling spectral regions were compared to find out their impact on mathematical prediction model. The result shows that the best prediction accuracy was obtained in the waveband of 1500~1900nm by using Standard Normal Variate(SNV),the second derivative spectra and Partial Least Square (PLS) regression. And the correlation coefficient(RP), the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction(RMSEP) and the Relative Root Mean square Error of Prediction(RRMSEP) for the corresponding model are 0.836, 0.271, 5.519%, respectively.
Current research in the use of head mounted TV cameras to study depth perception on flat screens (1991)

The perception of distance or depth in flat screen images tends to suffer (a) due to conflicts between different sources of information concerning depth or for short depth cues and (b) due to the absence of some depth cues. Experiments are currently under way using an apparatus which couples head movements of the observer to camera movements. The observer looks at a flat screen which shows the images recorded by the camera which is directed at a 3D real world stimulus scene. The observer cannot see the real world stimulus. While the head of the observer is stationary, so is the flat screen image; head movement causes motion in the image. Pilot studies showed a clear advantage for head movement: depth perception was more accurate. There is some tentative data suggesting that this is the case only for images devoid of other strong depth cues. A study in which ground plane information was available did not lead to improved depth perception. Since these data are still very preliminary, the author only discusses some of the general issues involved in the research.
Clocked CMOS calculator circuitry (1973)

A novel circuit technique that has been applied to the world's first CMOS-LSI for a desktop calculator is described in detail. The CMOS-LSI includes 3300 elements and has a chip size of about 200 mil square, operates at 6 V supply voltage, and dissipates power of about 1 mW at a clock frequency of 50 kHz.