gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stromal Cell Contribution to Human Follicular Lymphoma Pathogenesis (2012)

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the prototypical model of indolent B cell lymphoma displaying a strong dependence on a specialized cell microenvironment mimicking normal germinal center. Within malignant cell niches in invaded lymph nodes and bone marrow, external stimuli provided by infiltrating stromal cells make a pivotal contribution to disease development, progression, and drug resistance. The crosstalk between FL B cells and stromal cells is bidirectional, causing activation of both partners. In agreement, FL stromal cells exhibit specific phenotypic, transcriptomic, and functional properties. This review highlights the critical pathways involved in the direct tumor-promoting activity of stromal cells but also their role in the organization of FL cell niche through the recruitment of accessory immune cells and their polarization to a B cell supportive phenotype. Finally, deciphering the interplay between stromal cells and FL cells provides potential new therapeutic targets with the aim to mobilize malignant cells outside their protective microenvironment and increase their sensitivity to conventional treatment.
Designing Metallic Microlattices for Energy Absorber Applications (2013)

Emerging capability to fabricate well-defined, ordered lattice structures offers opportunity to create new energy absorption materials with previously unachieved properties. Metallic microlattices can be designed to maximize energy absorption while not transmitting a stress greater than the injury or damage threshold. The stress–strain response of different microlattice materials is characterized under quasi-static and dynamic loading and compared to state-of-the-art materials.
Dietary flavonoids as intracellular substrates for an erythrocyte trans-plasma membrane oxidoreductase activity (2005)

The plasma membrane oxidoreductase (PMOR) activity, which mainly utilises ascorbate as intracellular electron donor, represents a major mechanism for cell-dependent reduction of extracellular oxidants and might be an important process used by the erythrocytes to keep a reduced plasma environment. We previously reported that in human erythrocytes, myricetin and quercetin act as intracellular substrates of a PMOR showing a novel mechanism whereby these flavonoids could exert beneficial effects under oxidative stress conditions. Here, we evaluated the ability of different flavonoids (quercetin, myricetin, morin, kaempferol, fisetin, catechin, luteolin, apigenin, acacetin, rutin, taxifolin, naringenin, genistein) and of two in vivo O-methylated metabolites of quercetin (isorhamnetin and tamarixetin) to be substrates of PMOR, by comparing their antioxidant capacity (i.e. direct interaction with the oxidant ferricyanide or with the free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil) with their ability to penetrate the erythrocytes and donate electrons to the PMOR. The results obtained indicate that, although most of the flavonoids display significant antioxidant activities, only those (quercetin, myricetin, fisetin) that combine the cathecol structure of the B ring (responsible for the reducing activity) with the 2,3 double bond and 4-oxo function of the C ring (responsible for the uptake by erythrocytes) can act as intracellular substrates for PMOR. It is of note that the metabolites of quercetin enter erythrocytes and donate electrons to the PMOR as the parent compound. The present data show a relationship between the flavonoid structures and their ability to provide electrons to the PMOR, suggesting an additional mechanism whereby dietary flavonoids may exert beneficial effects in man.
Modeling and simulation method of enterprise energy consumption process based on fuzzy timed Petri nets (2008)

In order to realize the evaluation of enterprise energy consumption, the modeling and simulation method of enterprise energy consumption process based on fuzzy timed Petri nets is proposed. The formalized definition and evolution rules of enterprise energy consumption process model based on fuzzy timed Petri nets are introduced in detail. And, the simulation mechanism and algorithm are researched deeply. Example analysis shows that the modeling and simulation method is independent with energy types and energy consuming equipments. It can express the process topology structure and associate the mathematical model of unit equipment, and also embody the dynamic behaviour of enterprise energy consumption.
Drill pipe fatigue analysis in offshore application (1986)

It is well known that the ball joint in marine riser can cause fatigue damage in the drill pipe passing through it. Previous investigators have assessed the damage done for a lower ball joint angle of 3-5 degrees (drilling) and 1-3 degrees (running casing). This research extends that work to deepwater operations in which an upper ball joint is also present. Also, it is shown, via finite element models, that tool joint bending stiffness has a significant effect on fatigue life. Fatigue damage calculations including this heretofore unconsidered effect are presented for various ball joint angles and drill pipe tensions.
Characterization of Tepoxalin and Its Related Compounds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (1996)

High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) was used to identify and elucidate key structural characteristics of a novel dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor, tepoxalin (3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-pyrazolyl]-N-hydroxy- N-methylpropanamide), its synthesis-related byproducts in bulk drug substance, and degradation products stemming from probe stability studies. Such information is needed to assist in synthesis optimization and in the preparation of stable formulations for toxicity studies and clinical trials. High-performance liquid chromatography, in conjunction with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and UV photodiode array detection, can often expedite the gathering of preliminary data that contribute to several aspects of the pharmaceutical development process.
Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of tissue rejection after heterotopic heart transplantation. (1993)

Detection of myocardial rejection is difficult in patients with heterotopic heart transplantation because of the complex vascular anatomy present after transplant surgery. To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging might be useful for the assessment of heart rejection, eight patients with heterotopic heart transplantation were serially studied on 27 occasions. One patient had two donor hearts implanted, which allowed the study of 33 donor hearts. Data acquisition was gated to the ECG signal of the donor heart. Heavily T2-weighted (TE = 90 ms) velocity compensated spin-echo images were obtained through the midportion of the donor heart to assess tissue rejection. Donor heart function was qualitatively measured by acquiring multiphasic gradient echo images at the same level. A myocardial/skeletal muscle signal intensity ratio was calculated for the donor heart and compared to results of right ventricular biopsy obtained within 24 hours of imaging. A change in signal intensity ratio of 0.14 or more exceeded normal signal variation. All three episodes of rejection detected by biopsy were detected by magnetic resonance imaging. In three instances a significant change in the signal intensity ratio was associated with clinical evidence of rejection and a negative biopsy. Two instances were treated with a steroid bolus, and the signal returned to baseline. In three other instances a significant change in the magnetic resonance imaging signal occurred without clinical or biopsy evidence of rejection. Cardiac toxoplasmosis was present in one of these cases, and signal intensity returned to baseline after treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Electrodeposition of Nanocrystalline Metals and Alloys from Ionic Liquids (2003)

Better than water: A method for the electrodeposition of nanocrystalline metals and alloys from ionic liquids has been developed (see schematic representation). This method enables the synthesis of aluminum nanocrystals with average grain sizes of about 10 nm, Al-Mn alloys, as well as Fe and Pd nanocrystals.
Extending file systems using stackable templates (1999)

Extending file system functionality is not a new idea, but a desirable one nonetheless[6, 14, 18]. In the several years since stackable file systems were first proposed, only a handful are in use[12, 19]. Impediments to writing new file systems include the complexity of operating systems, the difficulty of writing kernel-based code, the lack of a true stackable vnode interface[14], and the challenges of porting one file system to another operating system. We advocate writing new stackable file systems as kernel modules. As a starting point, we propose a portable, stackable template file system we call Wrapfs (wrapper file system). Wrapfs is a canonical, minimal stackable file system that can be used as a pattern across a wide range of operating systems and file systems. Given Wrapfs, developers can add or modify only that which is necessary to achieve the desired functionality. Wrapfs takes care of the rest, and frees developers from the details of operating systems. Wrapfs templates exist for several common operating systems (Solaris, Linux, and FreeBSD), thus alleviating portability concerns. Wrapfs can be ported to any operating system with a vnode interface that provides a private data pointer for each data structure used in the interface. The overhead imposed by Wrapfs is only 5–7%. This paper describes the design and implementation of Wrapfs, explores portability issues, and shows how the implementation was achieved without changing client file systems or operating systems. We discuss several examples of file systems written using Wrapfs. 1
Strategies to overcome simultaneous P-glycoprotein mediated efflux and CYP3A4 mediated metabolism of drugs (2001)

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), abundant in both the liver and upper intestinal enterocytes, limits the systemic bioavailability of xenobiotics. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the MDR1 gene product, is also known to reduce the oral bioavailability of the drug molecules. High cellular expression of P-gp and CYP3A4 in mature intestinal enterocytes and their similar substrate specificity suggest that the function of these proteins may be complementary and may form a co-ordinated intestinal barrier. Various ongoing preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that the oral bioavailability of various P-gp and/or CYP3A4 substrates can be increased by simultaneous administration of P-gp and/or CYP3A4 inactivators. The current review describes the background and summarises several proposed hypotheses in modifying oral bioavailability by various drug-inhibitor interactions.
Nonferroelectric epitaxial Sr–Bi–Ta oxide thin film with a high dielectric constant (1998)

Two kinds of epitaxial Sr–Bi–Ta oxides were grown on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3(001)/LaAlO3(001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. At a temperature higher than 650 °C, c-axis oriented SrBi2Ta2O9 films could be deposited epitaxially. At 550 °C, an epitaxial film with a cubic fluorite-like phase could be grown. Although the film with the cubic phase does not show ferroelectric properties, it has good electrical properties which are suitable for high capacitance applications.
Hierarchically structured switching software (2002)

The paper details a layered hierarchical switching software structure with standardized logical interfaces. The authors also evaluated a pilot project to develop a subscriber switching system which implements ISDN call processing as well as POTS based on this concept. The layered interfaces, named S1 and S2, as well as the software structure are based on a concurrent object-oriented design approach in order to improve program maintainability and extendibility of building-block switching systems based on distributed processing. The approach focuses on quick service provisioning, reducing the total cost and separately developing each software layer. Therefore, the authors created a pilot project to test their assumptions, and compared the results with those of existing switching systems. They also discuss the applicability of this technology to the development of switching software.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scrambling of engineering drawings (2003)

Engineering drawings are ubiquitously used for capturing, conveying and archiving innovative engineering designs. Many engineering companies' core intellectual property resides in their proprietary engineering drawings. Therefore, protection of such vital data is extremely important. This paper provides a swap-transformation matrix based approach to scramble engineering drawings in order to enable confidentiality. An engineering drawing involves the topological information and vertex information. The vertex information is more valuable than the topological information, since the vertices information primarily determines the content of engineering drawings. We argue that the vertex information is more valuable than the topological information, even if some topological information is lost, a drawing may be reconstructed from the vertex positions. We provide for three keys to ensure the security of the drawing. The technique can facilitate digital rights management of engineering drawings. The advantages of our technique are that scrambling is computationally less intensive than encryption and it allows for partial obfuscation.
Localization of multiple insulators by orientation angle detection and binary shape prior knowledge (2015)

Failure of insulators leads to failure of transmission system and causes heavy loss to the power sector. This has necessitated helicopter inspection on transmission line. Therefore, localizing insulators in collected aerial image is an essential step for automatic fault detection. This paper proposes a localization method of multiple insulators with different angles in complex aerial image based on Orientation Angle Detection and Binary Shape Prior Knowledge (OAD-BSPK). Detect possible orientation angles of insulators preliminarily. For each possible angle, reserve insulator by its binary shape prior knowledge. Traverse all the possible angles, and multiple insulators can be localized in aerial image finally. This paper uses a large number of real aerial captured images as experimental images. The results show that this method can localize multiple insulators with different orientation angles in complex aerial image, and has higher positioning precision, lower computational complexity and lower time consuming compared with existing methods. This method can meet the requirements of insulators' real-time and accurate localization.
Mobile Vehicle-to-Vehicle Narrow-Band Channel Measurement and Characterization of the 5.9 GHz Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) Frequency Band (2007)

This study presents narrow-band measurements of the mobile vehicle-to-vehicle propagation channel at 5.9 GHz, under realistic suburban driving conditions in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Our system includes differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) receivers, thereby enabling dynamic measurements of how large-scale path loss, Doppler spectrum, and coherence time depend on vehicle location and separation. A Nakagami distribution is used for describing the fading statistics. The speed-separation diagram is introduced as a new tool for analyzing and understanding the vehicle-to-vehicle propagation environment. We show that this diagram can be used to model and predict channel Doppler spread and coherence time using vehicle speed and separation.
Rate regulation with feedback controller in ATM networks-a neural network approach (1997)

We propose the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) technique for a rate-based feedback controller in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. A leaky bucket (LB) mechanism is used for cell discarding, when the traffic violates a predefined threshold. Since the network cannot rely on the user's compliance with its declared parameters, it is extremely difficult to select the best threshold value and depletion rate for the LB. We propose an ANN model which monitors the status of the LB and predicts the possible cell discarding at the LB in the near future. The source rate is regulated to a certain amount depending on the feedback signal "strength" when possible cell discarding is detected. The lower the value carried in the feedback cell, the higher the possibility of cell discarding and, subsequently, the higher the probability that the traffic is regulated to a lower rate. Our model considers the propagation delay time of the feedback signal making our approach more realistic. This mechanism is transparent to the source if the LB is correctly set up and the traffic follows its declared parameters. We use the same trained ANN for different MPEG traces and the results of a simulation study suggest that our mechanisms provide simple and effective traffic management for ATM networks. Cell loss rate due to the congestion shows a two to five times improvement compared with the static approach, while transmission delays introduced by our ANN controller are also smaller than in the static approach. Channel utilization is also improved, showing that our mechanisms provides a better alternative to static feedback controllers.
Chelating agent-assisted heat treatment of a carbon-supported iron oxide nanoparticle catalyst for PEMFC (2009)

Iron complexes were supported on commercial carbon black and heat treated to create FeO(x)/C catalysts that showed a larger normalized current density and normalized power density than commercial Pt/C catalysts; the coordination number of the iron complexes used affected the formation of the active site for oxygen reduction in PEMFC.
A Programming Language Basis for User Interface Management (1989)

The Mickey UIMS maps the user interface style and techniques of the Apple Macintosh onto the declarative constructs of Pascal. The relationships between user interfaces and the programming language control the interface generation. This imposes some restrictions on the possible styles of user interfaces but greatly enhances the usability of the UIMS.
Effect of glycemic control on the Diabetes Complications Severity Index score and development of complications in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (2017)

Baseline glycemic control had no apparent effect on longitudinal changes in DCSI score. Worsening or persistently poor glycemic control was associated with an increased risk of an increase in the DCSI score.
0.25 μm merged bulk DRAM and SOI logic using patterned SOI (2002)

The successful fabrication of commodity 64 Mb DRAM chips and logic device and circuits on patterned SOI wafers is reported for the first time. The effect of SIMOX implantation and annealing on DRAMs in patterned SOI wafers is studied. Excellent yields and comparable performance of DRAM in bulk regions of the patterned SOI wafers are observed. The logic devices in the adjacent SOI area of the patterned wafer show the expected enhanced drive current. This approach enables SOI based embedded DRAM.
The Clover-Leaf Test and Inactivation of <i>β</i>-Lactam Antibiotics by Gram-Negative Rods (1985)

The suitability of a very sensitive modification of the clover-leaf test as a test for inactivation of beta-lactam antibiotics by gram-negative rods was examined. 143 Enterobacteriaceae and 9 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined by the clover-leaf test and an antibiotic susceptibility test towards 12 beta-lactam antibiotics. The beta-lactamase activity of the strains was also examined by a sensitive modification of the chromogenic cephalosporin test. The strains of P. aeruginosa could not be clover-leaf tested as they inhibited the indicator strains. All the Enterobacteriaceae which had beta-lactamase activity according to the chromogenic test inactivated at least 1 of the antibiotics in the clover-leaf test. None of the Enterobacteriaceae without beta-lactamase activity inactivated any of the antibiotics. On the whole the results of the clover-leaf test and the results of the susceptibility test correlated well. But many Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to an antibiotic in the susceptibility test even though they inactivated it according to the clover-leaf test and some Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to an antibiotic but did not inactivate it. Among the Enterobacteriaceae which had beta-lactamase activity according to the chromogenic cephalosporin test and which were intermediately susceptible to an antibiotic in the susceptibility test, many did not inactivate this antibiotic according to the clover-leaf test. If an infection with Enterobacteriaceae has to be treated by a beta-lactam antibiotic to which the strain is only intermediately susceptible, it might be advantageous to use an antibiotic which is not inactivated by the strain according to the clover-leaf test, but this lacks clinical confirmation.
Cisco Networking All-in-One For Dummies (2011)

A helpful guide on all things Cisco Do you wish that the complex topics of routers, switches, and networking could be presented in a simple, understandable presentation? With Cisco Networking All-in-One For Dummies, they are! This expansive reference is packed with all the information you need to learn to use Cisco routers and switches to develop and manage secure Cisco networks. This straightforward-by-fun guide offers expansive coverage of Cisco and breaks down intricate subjects such as networking, virtualization, and database technologies into easily digestible pieces. Drills down complex