gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Error measurement and calibration of five axis CNC machine using total ball bar device (2010)

To improve the accuracy of machined parts, it is necessary to increase the accuracy of the machine tool. Machine tool accuracy depends on a number of errors including the geometric error of the body structure, backlash and the distortion due to temperature changes, humidity, servo-control error and error in motion of spindle axis rotation. The reasons for these are that machine tool accuracy varies widely depending on set-up, environment, and operating history. The operating history includes static loads, machining loads and heat produced by preceding machining. It is very difficult to avoid error completely during manufacturing while measurement and calibrating of error is best way. Therefore, it is required to measure these errors and calibrated regularly for their error i.e. 3-dimensional positioning error, for high-precision machining. There are various techniques available for error and calibration of the CNC machine but every technique are having its own limitations. The total ball bar device is useful for measurement in all axis. This paper includes study of measurement techniques and calibration techniques of five axis CNC machine using total ball bar device taking industrial case study.
Remarques sur la défense à Cos à l'époque hellénistique (2001)

L'auteur, qui a publié en 1 991 un mémoire sur la participation civique à la défense de la cité de Cos, profite de la parution récente de nouveaux textes épigraphiques, notamment dans les Iscrizioni di Cos de M. Segre (Rome, 1993), pour renouveler certains éléments du dossier. Après un rappel des structures principales de l'armée et de la marine à Cos, à l'époque hellénistique, le propos se concentre sur la question de l'affectation de Γαρχων dans la marine coenne, sur les responsabilités militaires des stratèges, question débattue depuis longtemps dans l'historiographie des institutions civiques dans les cités hellénistiques, et sur le temps de service des citoyens affectés à la phylakè. Quelques fragments de textes, sans doute pertinents mais trop lacunaires pour permettre un commentaire approfondi, terminent cette revue des nouveaux documents. Une brève réflexion est proposée, enfin, sur les travaux qu'il serait souhaitable d'envisager à Cos dans les prochaines années.
Influence of the Glycosylation of Human Salivary Proline-Rich Proteins on Their Interactions with Condensed Tannins (2008)

Binding of condensed tannins to salivary proteins is supposed to be involved in their astringency. First, complexes arising from the interaction of saliva from two individuals and tannins were studied. Then interaction mixture models containing purified saliva proteins were developed. The highest polymerized tannins predominantly precipitated together with the salivary proteins. Electrophoresis of proteins in combination with thiolysis analysis of tannins indicated proline-rich protein (PRP)-polyphenol complexes in precipitated fractions and also in the soluble ones with individual differences. Individual salivas exhibiting different protein patterns were discriminated with regard to their ability to interact with tannins. From binding studies with purified classes of salivary proteins, interactions were shown to depend on the nature of the protein, in particular on their glycosylation state. For low concentrations of tannins, glycosylated PRP-tannin interactions led to complexes that remained soluble, whereas those arising from nonglycosylated PRP-tannin interactions were precipitated. This finding could indicate that under physiological conditions, complexes involving glycosylated proteins maintain part of the lubrication of the oral cavity, whereas tannin trapping leads to a lower astringency perception.
LIGHT‐ABSORPTION AND ELECTRON‐TRANSPORT BALANCE BETWEEN PHOTOSYSTEM II AND PHOTOSYSTEM I IN SPINACH CHLOROPLASTS (1987)

Abstract— The distribution of absorbed light and the turnover of electrons by the two photosystems in spinach chloroplasts was investigated. This was implemented upon quantitation of photochemical reaction centers, chlorophyll antenna size and composition of each photosystem (PS), and rate of light absorption in situ. In spinach chloroplasts, the photosystem stoichiometry was PSIIJPSII α /PSII β /PSI= 1.3/0.4/1.0. The number (N) of chlorophyll ( a+b ) molecules associated with each PS was N(PSII α )/N(PSII β )/N(PSI)=230/100/200, i.e. about 65% of all Chl is associated with PSII and about 35% with PSI. Light absorption by PSII in vivo is selectively attenuated at the molecular, membrane and leaf levels, (a) The rate of light absorption by PSII was only 0.85 that of PSI because of the lower rate of light absorption by Chl b as compared to Chl a (approximately 80% of all Chl b in the chloroplast is associated with PSII). (b) The exclusive localization of PSII α in the membrane of the grana partition regions and of PSI in intergrana lamellae resulted in a differential “sieve effect” or “flattening of absorbance” by the photosystems in the two membrane regions. Due to this phenomenon, the rate of light absorption by PSII was lower than that of PSI by 15‐20%. (c) Selective filtering of sunlight through the spinach leaf results in a substantial distortion of the effective absorbance spectra and concomitant attenuation of light absorption by the two photosystems. Such attenuation was greater for PSII than for PSI because the latter benefits from light absorption in the 700‐730 nm region. It is concluded that, in spite of its stoichiometric excess in spinach chloroplasts, light absorption by PSII is not greater than that by PSI due to the different molecular composition of the two light‐harvesting antenna systems, due to the localization of PSII in the grana, and also because of the light transmission properties through the leaf. The elevated PSII/PSI reaction center ratio of 1.7 and the association of 65% of all Chl with PSII help to counter the multilevel attenuation of light absorption by PSII and ensure a balanced PSII/PSI electron turnover ratio of about 1:1.
High-current injection into liquid hexane using field emitters (1966)

Currents of up to 0·5 mA have been injected into commercial grade hexane, using a simple array of field-emitting razor-edge cathodes. The electrical power input resulted in bulk liquid motion, which aided charge transfer from the injection region. The magnitude of the resulting conduction current was found to depend on the hydrodynamic impedance of the test arrangement.
Digital signal processor with efficient RGB interpolation and histogram accumulation (1998)

We present a new digital signal processor developed for digital camcorder applications. Taking the digital image signal from A/D converter, the signal processor generates luminance and chrominance signals of the image using an efficient RGB interpolation algorithm and histogram accumulation. We propose a low-cost RGB interpolation algorithm that has little image degradation and show the usefulness of histogram accumulation implemented in the signal processor.
Dynamics of Total, Linear Nonintegrated, and Integrated HIV‐1 DNA In Vivo and In Vitro (2008)

Total HIV-1 DNA decays rapidly with suppression of virus replication in vivo. Clearance of HIV-1 DNA during the first 6 months of therapy reflects a disproportionate loss of nonintegrated HIV-1 DNA genomes, suggesting that levels of total HIV-1 DNA in PBMCs after prolonged virus suppression largely represent integrated HIV-1 genomes.
Four component three dimensional FEM analysis of flux concentration apparatus with four plates (1988)

The authors deal with the four-component three-dimensional finite-element analysis of a flux concentration model with four thick conducting plates placed between a pair of AC-excited coils. An improved formulation that's based on the Galerkin method is used. The distributions of flux densities, eddy currents and scalar potentials are calculated, and the results are discussed. The role of the scalar potential in the 3-D analysis is clarified. It is shown to be necessary when treating a model including conductors with any discontinuity or gaps in the streamlines similar to the flow of the impressed currents.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of directed and kinetic energy weapons on spacecraft (1986)

The characteristics of the various directed energy beams are reviewed, and their damaging effects on typical materials are examined for a wide range of energy pulse intensities and durations. Representative cases are surveyed, and charts are presented to indicate regions in which damage to spacecraft structures, particularly radiators for power plants, would be likely. The effects of kinetic energy weapons, such as bird-shot, are similarly examined. The charts are then applied to evaluate the effectiveness of various measures designed to reduce the vulnerability of spacecraft components, particularly nuclear electric power plants.
Biomimetic materials research: what can we really learn from nature's structural materials? (2007)

Nature provides a wide range of materials with different functions and which may serve as a source of bio-inspiration for the materials scientist. The article takes the point of view that a successful translation of these ideas into the technical world requires more than the observation of nature. A thorough analysis of structure-function relations in natural tissues must precede the engineering of new bio-inspired materials. There are, indeed, many opportunities for lessons from the biological world: on growth and functional adaptation, about hierarchical structuring, on damage repair and self-healing. Biomimetic materials research is becoming a rapidly growing and enormously promising field. Serendipitous discovery from the observation of nature will be gradually replaced by a systematic approach involving the study of natural tissues in materials laboratories, the application of engineering principles to the further development of bio-inspired ideas and the generation of specific databases.
Solution Processed Organic Double Light‐Emitting Layer Diode Based on Cross‐Linkable Small Molecular Systems (2013)

Stacks of potential: A cross-linkable host–guest system for state-of-the-art multi-layer device stacks is developed. The spirobifluorene-based host materials were co-cross-linked with green emitting phosphorescent (fac)-IrIII complexes. As a result a five-layered organic light-emitting diode (OLED) could be fabricated in which each organic layer has been deposited from solution. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Comparison of fat quantification methods: A phantom study at 3.0T (2007)

This work demonstrates that imaging may be utilized as a high-resolution alternative to MRS for the quantification of fat content. In the future we intend to replace MRS with IDEAL in our clinical studies involving fat measurement.
Ring expansion of 3-methoxy-6-vinyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6(5H)-benzocyclooctenol (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing expansion of 3-methoxy-6-vinyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6(5H)-benzocyclooctenolRichard W. Thies, Mehdi Meshgini, Ronald H. Chiarello, and E. Philip SeitzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 1, 185–187Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01289a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01289a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Normal and abnormal development of the male urogenital tract. Role of androgens, mesenchymal-epithelial interactions, and growth factors. (1993)

Androgen-dependent male urogenital development occurs via mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in which mesenchyme induces epithelial morphogenesis, regulates epithelial proliferation, and evokes expression of tissue-specific secretory proteins. Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions continue to be important into adulthood. For example, mesenchyme of the urogenital sinus (UGM) and seminal vesicle (SVM) induce dramatic morphologic and functional changes in various adult epithelia. Since adult epithelial cells are unquestionably responsive to mesenchymes that can elicit expression of alternative morphologic and functional phenotypes, established carcinomas might also be influenced by their connective tissue environment. In this regard, Dunning prostatic tumor has been induced by UGM or SVM to differentiate into tall columnar secretory epithelial cells. This change in cytodifferentiation is associated with a reduction in growth rate and loss of tumorigenesis. The role of soluble growth factors in the mechanism of mesenchymal-epithelial interactions is discussed.
More on Fortran 8X pointer proposals (1988)

Here is a program that I wrote to test the proposals of Burch, Schonfelder, et al for adding pointers to Fortran 8X. I read a comment by Steven O. Siegfried of Saint Paul MN that "it's tough to build a binary tree with implicit [de]referencing", and I wanted to see what the problems were.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome due to Ophthalmic Sulfonamide Solution: A Case Report (2000)

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is characterized by the sudden onset of acute skin reaction with variable degrees of mucous membrane involvement and significant constitutional symptoms. The causes of SJS most often come from infections or drugs. In general, the prescribed drugs were the most inciting factors. Among drug-induced SJS, sulfonamides have the highest rate and risk of the occurrence of SJS. However, SJS was rarely induced by topical ophthalmic solution preparation. We reported a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome after the patient applied eye drops.
An Object Tracking System Based on Human Neural Pathways of Binocular Motor System (2006)

The human eyes cannot easily focus on two separate targets at the same time. The two eyes have their own cooperative movements called conjugate and vergence eye movements. The reason for the cooperative movements and a method to achieve binocular movements using active cameras are discussed in this paper. In order to achieve realistic eye movements, we proposed a binocular motor system model based on the human neural pathways of the binocular motor system. Using this model, an active camera control system was constructed. The system exhibited several characteristics specific to human-eye movement, including the following: (1) both cameras moved in tandem and had the same target point in the central area. This characteristic was considered a basic condition for structuring a stereo-image using the image signals from both eyes; (2) if one camera was obstructed by an obstacle, it would follow the movement of the other camera to find the target promptly when the obstacle was removed; (3) this system had the ability to compensate for the blurring caused by base movement
Murine Macrophage Mannose Receptor Promoter Is Regulated by the Transcription Factors PU.1 and SP1 (1997)

The mannose receptor (MR) is a transmembrane protein that functions primarily as a phagocytic receptor for a wide range of microorganisms. Its expression appears to be restricted to tissue macrophages and Langerhans cells. To gain an understanding of the regulation of the gene, we have isolated the 5' flanking sequence of the murine MR gene and have analyzed a 536-bp sequence upstream of the ATG start site for transcriptional activity. This sequence lacks a TATA box but contains an initiator (Inr) consensus element overlapping the single transcriptional start site. Transcription factor binding sites contained within this sequence include PU.1, Sp1, ETS, GATA, and MYB motifs. Serial 100-bp deletions of this promoter fragment fused to a luciferase reporter gene showed various patterns of activity when transfected into different cell types. In myeloid cells, sequence elements upstream of bp -300 appeared to have a silencing effect on promoter activity. Of the four potential PU.1 binding sites contained within the fragment, one site (at -164) bound the PU.1 factor most strongly, whereas the adjacent PU.1 site (at -177 bp) bound PU.1 to a lesser degree. Mutations of these sites decreased transcriptional activity but did not abolish it. However, promoter activity was abrogated when both the -164 bp PU.1 site and the adjacent -177 bp PU.1 site were mutated. In addition, mutation of the Sp1 site also significantly reduced promoter activity. Cotransfection studies in Drosophila Schneider cells indicated that PU.1 and Sp1 may function synergistically in transactivating the murine MR. This study indicates that MR gene expression is regulated in part by the interaction between the ubiquitously expressed factor Sp1 and the lymphoid/myeloid factor PU.1 and provides a basis for studying the regulation of this gene.
Fukuyama‐type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) and α‐dystroglycanopathy (2003)

Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS), and muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease are clinically similar autosomal recessive disorders characterized by congenital muscular dystrophy, lissencephaly, and eye anomalies. Through positional cloning, we identified the gene for FCMD and MEB, which encodes the fukutin protein and the protein O-linked mannose beta1, 2-N-acetylglucosaminy ltransferase (POMGnT1), respectively. Recent studies have revealed that posttranslational modification of alpha-dystroglycan is associated with these congenital muscular dystrophies with brain malformations. In this review Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), other CMDs with brain malformations, and their relation with alpha-dystroglycan are discussed.
Relapse prevention program for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. (1994)

Eighteen participants with obsessive-compulsive disorder received 3 weeks of intensive treatment by exposure and response prevention, which were followed by either a relapse prevention (RP) program or associative therapy (AT; an attention-control program). Independent evaluators conducted assessments of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, and depression, before and after intensive behavior therapy, after the week of intensive RP or AT and at a 6-month follow-up. Results indicated that the RP program was effective in preventing relapse: Both treatment groups improved immediately after the intensive treatment, but the RP group remained improved at follow-up, whereas the AT group showed some return of symptoms.
Higher Burden for ADA Plaintiffs (1999)

Plaintiffs in Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) cases have a signigicantly higher burden to show a disability due to a triliogy of recent decisions. This article examines this recent case law.
Age-Dependent Change in the Levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Control Subjects, and a Decrease in the Ratio of Aβ42 to Aβ40 Level in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Alzheimer’s Disease Patients (2000)

In order to address an age-dependent alteration in the concentration of beta-amyloid polypeptides (Abetas) within the central nervous system and its probable predisposition to amyloidgenesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we measured two species of soluble Abetas, Abeta40 and Abeta42, in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from randomly selected Japanese control subjects at various ages (n = 33) and then compared these data with those of probable Japanese AD patients (n = 23). CSF concentrations of Abeta40 and Abeta42 peptides were age-dependent (ANOVA, Bonferroni's multiple comparison; p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and were lower in the infant than in adults. From mid-20, the Abeta40 concentrations were decreasing while Abeta42 were rather stable. Abetas in CSF from AD patients (n = 23), whose epsilon4 allele frequency of the apolipoprotein E gene was higher than in controls (n = 83, p < 0.03), were not statistically different from those of age-matched controls (n = 13). A linear relationship was detected between the Abeta40 concentration and the Mini-Mental State Examination score (p < 0.05). The ratio of the Abeta42 to the Abeta40 level measured in the AD CSF samples was approximately 38% decreased compared to age-matched controls (p < 0. 05). These data suggest that the physiological metabolism of soluble Abetas in the brain is regulated in an age-dependent manner, and that the ratio of Abeta42 to Abeta40 level in the CSF would be a useful marker for monitoring progression of AD.
Esterification (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEsterificationE. Emmet ReidCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1948, 40, 9, 1596–1601Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1948https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50465a008Request reuse permissionsArticle Views333Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts