gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Depolymerisation of condensed tannins in ethanol as a gateway to biosourced phenolic synthons (2013)

Plant polyphenols are potential sources of substitutes for phenolic petrochemicals, such as bisphenol A. Among them, condensed tannins are the most abundant after lignins in terrestrial plants. They are especially encountered in agro-industrial residues (i.e. fruit marc) and unprocessed biomass (i.e. barks, needles, and leaves). However, this class of biopolymers requires a depolymerisation step prior to their industrial use as fine chemicals. In this work, phenolic synthons were produced by depolymerisation of an industrial grape seed extract of condensed tannins at the multigram scale. The optimization of the depolymerisation reaction through the selection of the most suitable solvent, nucleophilic agent and temperature allowed the reaction to be carried out at mild temperature (40 °C), in two hours, using ethanol as a solvent. The isolation of compounds of interest was performed by precipitation in ethyl acetate followed by a simple adsorption/desorption step on a polyamide cartridge using ethanol as an eluent.
Regular self-weighing to promote weight maintenance after intentional weight loss: a quasi-randomized controlled trial (2013)

Encouraging people who have recently lost weight to weigh themselves regularly prevents some weight regain.
Synthesis and Characterisation of the Sodium and Lithium Cryptates of Macrobicyclic Ligands incorporating pyridine, bipyridine, and biisoquinoline units (1988)

Abstract Sythetic procedures have been deweloped for the preparation of sodium and lithium cryptates of the macrabicyclic ligands 1–11 containing pyridine, bipyridine, and biisoquinoline groups. They involve stepwise construction of the bicyclic system as will as direct macrobicyclisation procedures (Scheme 1) and give access to both symmetrical and dissymmetrical structures. Marked cation template effects have been found that facilitate the cyclisation processes. The ligands 1–11 were isolated as their cryptates with Na + or Li + cations.
Design and Analysis of a Slider-Level Piezoelectric Sensor Array for Head-Disk Contact Detection (2013)

To realize higher areal densities towards 10 Tbit/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , the ever decreasing flying height of the slider approaches the near-contact regime. It is essential to monitor head-disk interactions to prevent instability and damage to the head-disk interface. In this study, a piezoelectric sensor array embedded on the slider was proposed for head-disk contact detection. Integrability of the sensor array with standard slider fabrication process was considered in the design. Dynamic response of the sensor array to typical contact scenarios was obtained by finite element analysis. Simulation results suggest that the sensor array is adequately sensitive and capable of identifying contact location under intermittent head-disk contact.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A rare complication of gestational diabetes (1992)

GDM is a common abnormality of glucose metabolism during pregnancy, which affects fetal development and leads to peripartum complications. Our report stresses that under certain circumstances, gestational diabetes can be complicated by DKA and become life-threatening to the mother and fetus.
Text Categorization (2005)

During the last 15 years, the production of documents in digital form has exploded, due to the increased availability of hardware and software tools for generating digital data (e.g., personal computers, digital cameras, word processors) and for digitizing data that had been originated in nondigital form (e.g., scanners, OCR software). This phenomenon has also strongly affected “novel” digital media such as imagery, video, music, and so forth. However, natural language text has been, at least from a quantitative viewpoint, the medium most responsible for this explosion, due to its immediacy and to the ubiquity of word processing and text authoring tools. As a consequence, there is an increased need for hardware and software solutions for storing, organizing, and retrieving the large amounts of digital text that are being produced, with an eye towards its future use.
Inhibition of bovine cathepsin B by amino acid-derived nitriles (1990)

Conference Article| April 01 1990 Inhibition of bovine cathepsin B by amino acid-derived nitriles PAULA P. PICKEN; PAULA P. PICKEN 1Department of Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DAVID J. S. GUTHRIE; DAVID J. S. GUTHRIE 1Department of Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar BRIAN WALKER BRIAN WALKER 1Department of Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1990) 18 (2): 316. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180316 Article history Received: September 14 1989 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation PAULA P. PICKEN, DAVID J. S. GUTHRIE, BRIAN WALKER; Inhibition of bovine cathepsin B by amino acid-derived nitriles. Biochem Soc Trans 1 April 1990; 18 (2): 316. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0180316 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1990 Biochemical Society1990 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor PDMP sensitizes chronic myeloid leukemia T315I mutant to Bcr‐Abl inhibitor and cooperatively induces glycogen synthase kinase‐3‐regulated apoptosis (2011)

Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 has been implicated in cancer progression. Previously, we showed an abundance of inactive GSK-3 in the human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line. CML is a hematopoietic malignancy caused by an oncogenic Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. In Bcr-Abl signaling, the role of GSK-3 is not well defined. Here, we report that enforced expression of constitutively active GSK-3 reduced proliferation and increased Bcr-Abl inhibition-induced apoptosis by nearly 1-fold. Bcr-Abl inhibition activated GSK-3 and GSK-3-dependent apoptosis. Inactivation of GSK-3 by Bcr-Abl activity is, therefore, confirmed. To reactivate GSK-3, we used glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor PDMP to accumulate endogenous ceramide, a tumor-suppressor sphingolipid and a potent GSK-3 activator. We found that either PDMP or silence of GCS increased Bcr-Abl inhibition-induced GSK-3 activation and apoptosis. Furthermore, PDMP sensitized the most clinical problematic drug-resistant CML T315I mutant to Bcr-Abl inhibitor GNF-2-, imatinib-, or nilotinib-induced apoptosis by >5-fold. Combining PDMP and GNF-2 eliminated transplanted-CML-T315I-mutants in vivo and dose dependently sensitized primary cells from CML T315I patients to GNF-2-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. The synergistic efficacy was Bcr-Abl restricted and correlated to increased intracellular ceramide levels and acted through GSK-3-mediated apoptosis. This study suggests a feasible novel anti-CML strategy by accumulating endogenous ceramide to reactivate GSK-3 and abrogate drug resistance.
Bandwidth Efficient Summed Area Table Generation for CUDA (2012)

합산 영역 테이블은 모든 픽셀에 대해 임의의 크기 사각영역의 이미지 필터링 처리를 일정시간 안에 가능케 한다. 이러한 특성은 각각의 픽셀에 대해서 주변 픽셀의 밝기의 합 혹은 평균을 필요로 하는 이미지 처리 적용 분야에 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다. 합산 영역 테이블의 생성은 단지 행 혹은 열 단위의 합만을 구하는 메모리 바운드 작업임에도 불구하고 기존 연구들은 이미 존재하는 데이터 병렬성만을 활용하기 위하여 대기 시간이 긴 전역 메모리에 과도한 접근을 하여야만 했다. 본 논문에서는 입력 데이터를 정방의 서브 이미지로 분할하고 매개 데이터를 이들 간에 파급시킴으로써 GPGPU 환경 적합한 알고리즘을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통하여 기존 방법 대비 전역 메모리 접근 량을 거의 반으로 줄임으로써 주어진 메모리 대역폭을 효율적으로 사용한다. 결과에서도 성능이 대폭 향상되었다.
Multiple Anesthetic Exposure in Infant Monkeys Alters Emotional Reactivity to an Acute Stressor (2015)

Increased emotional behavior in monkeys after anesthesia exposure in infancy may reflect long-term adverse effects of anesthesia.
Self-Organizing Functional Materials via Ionic Self Assembly: Porphyrins H- and J-Aggregates on Synthetic Chrysotile Nanotubes (2009)

Positively charged, synthetic chrysotile nanotubes act as inorganic tectons supporting H- and J-type aggregates of anionic porphyrins with markedly different optical properties, making these nanohybrid materials of interest for application in nanotechnology.
Overexpression, purification and photoaffinity labeling with a 3H-analogue of norfloxacin, of the GyrA and GyrB subunits of the DNA gyrase. (1999)

In spite of much work on DNA gyrase and quinolones for many years, our knowledge of the molecular basis of quinolone-gyrase action is still incomplete. We designed a photoaffinity labeling reagent for the quinolone target, and synthesized a norfloxacin analogue with an azide function which, under UV irradiation, becomes covalently linked to its target. For that, a large amount of purified gyrase was needed. Both subunits were purified using exclusion and affinity chromatography. A plasmid was used that allowed the overproduction of GyrA as a fusion-protein with six histidine residues at its carboxy-terminal domain. GyrA-(His)6 was purified after chromatography on a nickel-containing column, and native GyrB after chromatography on immobilized novobiocin. Reconstituted DNA gyrase (A2B2) had supercoiling activity. Photoaffinity labeling showed covalent binding of the 3H-photoaffinity analogue of norfloxacin to the gyrase-DNA complex, and mainly to the GyrA. The specific binding site remains to be explored.
O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in normal human tissues and cells. (1984)

Normal adult human tissues and cultured bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts exhibit O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in vitro by catalyzing the repair of the promutagenic alkylation lesion O6-methylguanine from DNA. The amount repaired by extracts of liver, peripheral lung, and colon extracts was proportional to the amount of extract protein. Repair of O6-methylguanine led to stoichiometric regeneration of guanine in the DNA and stoichiometric formation of S-methylcysteine in protein. Alkyltransferase activity varies in the different human tissues tested in the decreasing order of liver greater than colon greater than esophagus greater than peripheral lung greater than brain. Extracts of lung tissues, cultured human bronchial epithelial cells, and fibroblasts had similar alkyltransferase activities. Various human tissues exhibit 2- to 10-fold higher alkyltransferase activity than corresponding rat tissues. Whereas the interindividual variation of the activity was 4- to 5-fold in ten or more human lung and colon specimens, the interindividual variation in the inbred rat was less than 20%. The present results show that different human tissues and cells have a several-fold higher capacity to repair O6-methylguanine in DNA than do rat tissues and that the repair process occurs via a mechanism similar to that shown previously in other mammalian cells and Escherichia coli.
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> FlhA: a flagellar protein related to a new family of signal‐transducing receptors (1993)

The Bacillus subtilis flhA gene lies in the major che/fla operon, a transcription unit that spans 26 kilobases (kb) of DNA. flhA encodes a 677-amino-acid polypeptide that is a strong candidate for an integral membrane protein. The sequence of FlhA displays substantial homology to a newly identified family of putative signal-transducing receptors that have been implicated in diverse cellular processes. FlhA is the first member of this family to be described from a Gram-positive bacterium. We demonstrate that flhA is a flagellar gene and that FlhA is required in trans for the formation of products from some, but not all, B. subtilis motility-related operons that are regulated by the sigma D form of RNA polymerase. We suggest that FlhA is a component of a signalling system that is involved with the formation of some flagellar gene products during the biosynthesis of the flagellum.
Analog VLSI neuromorphic processing: case study of a multiple-target-tracking system (2002)

Discusses an architecture for a multiple-target tracking system. This is based on known principles of organization and function in biological systems; local and global aggregation, place and temporal coding, asynchronous computation/communication have been adapted for a silicon implementation. The architecture is verified by prototyping and testing individual system components and a one dimensional version of the architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
LANDMARC - making land-mine detection and removal practical (1997)

While diplomats work to restrict the manufacture, sale, and use of land mines worldwide, a massive cleanup effort is needed to find and destroy the estimated 100 million land mines still buried in 65 countries. Land mines left behind from wars worldwide are one of the century`s main unsolved problems of war and remain the focus of humanitarian mine detection and removal primarily in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. A combination of technologies from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being directed toward the most daunting challenge presented by land mines - quickly determining the location of each individual land mine in an area so all of them can be removed. The Laboratory`s patented micropower impulse radar and advanced imaging technologies are being combined in a practical system called the Land-Mine Detection Advanced Radar Concept, or LANDMARC, that is making pivotal advances in meeting the challenge of land-mine detection.
Motion-compensated and gated cone beam filtered back-projection for 3-D rotational X-ray angiography (2006)

This paper presents a method to reconstruct moving objects from cone beam X-ray projections acquired during a single rotational run using a given motion vector field. The method is applicable to voxel driven cone-beam filtered back-projection reconstruction approaches. Here, a formulation based on the algorithm of Feldkamp, Davis, and Kress (FDK) is presented. The motion correction is applied during the back-projection step by shifting the voxel to be reconstructed according to the motion vector field. The method is applied to three-dimensional (3-D) rotational X-ray angiography. Projections from a beating coronary heart phantom are simulated. Motion-compensated reconstructions with varying accuracy of the applied motion field are carried out for a late diastolic heart phase and compared to the reconstruction obtained with the standard FDK-method from projections of the corresponding motion-free model in the same heart phase. Furthermore, gated reconstructions are calculated by weighting the projections according to their cardiac phase without using a motion vector field. Different gating window widths are applied, and the reconstructions are compared. Using the correct motion field with the motion-compensated reconstruction, the image quality of the standard reconstruction from the corresponding motion-free coronary model can almost be recovered. The reconstructed image quality stays acceptable if the accuracy of the motion field sampling points is better than 1 mm. The gated reconstructions with a window width of 15%-20% of the cardiac cycle lead to superior results compared to nearest neighbor gating, especially for histogram based visualization and analysis. The motion-compensated reconstructions provide sharp images of the coronaries far surpassing the image quality of gated reconstructions.
An Optimum Quadraphonic FM Broadcasting System (1973)

During the past decade commercial sound reproduction has progressed from monophonic to two-channel stereophonic reproduction. Now, four-channel sound sources are rapidly becoming dominant for music reproduction. Since the pilot tone system of broadcasting in use today is limited to two channels, a new but fully compatible four-channel system was developed. This "Dorren Quadraplex System" was designed from the start to meet the following conditions: .full compatibility with all existing equipment; .unimpaired directionality and channel separation; .reproduction of the frequency range 50 to 15,000 Hz in all channels; .minimum distortion and cross-talk between channels; .minimum signal-to-noise ratio impairment .no additional RF spectrum requirements Experimental use of this system for broadcasting began at radio station KIOI (125 kW ERP) in San Francisco in December 1970, with a Station Temporary Authorization from the Federal Communications Commission. Additional broadcasts were done over another major station, CHFI (210 kW ERP) in Toronto, Canada. This test was supervised by the Department of Communications and the Canadian Radio and Television Commission. It was found that, "Compatibility was evident in all cases". Additional testing and use is expected in Japan in the near future. The system has shown itself to offer performance for better than the minimum FCC standards and, therefore, its performance in production can be guaranteed.
Effect of subcutaneous injections of PYY<sub>1-36</sub> and PYY<sub>3-36</sub> on appetite, ad libitum energy intake, and plasma free fatty acid concentration in obese males (2007)

Intraveneous (i.v.) PYY(3-36) infusions have been reported to reduce energy intake (EI) in humans, whereas few studies exist on effects of PYY(1-36). The aim of the present study was to examine effects of subcutaneous (sc) injections of PYY(1-36) and PYY(3-36) on appetite, ad libitum EI, plasma concentrations of PYY and free fatty acids (FFA) in obese males. Twenty-four males (BMI 27-40 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to two groups receiving sc injections of either PYY(1-36) or PYY(3-36) in a blinded, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating, cross-over study. Subjects were studied 5 days in succession, with escalating doses of PYY(1-36) [saline, 50, 100, 150, and 200 pmol PYY(1-36)/kg lean body mass (LBM)], or PYY(3-36) (saline, 25, 50, 75, and 100 pmol PYY(3-36)/kg LBM), respectively. PYY injections resulted in dose-dependent increases in plasma PYY levels but no effect on EI in either the PYY(1-36) or the PYY(3-36) group. However, increasing doses of PYY(3-36), but not PYY(1-36), resulted in increased ratings of satiety and decreased ratings of hunger, thirst, and prospective food consumption. Although not dose dependently, significant elevation of plasma FFA was seen after injection of PYY(3-36), but not PYY(1-36). Although sc administration of PYY was well tolerated, it remains to be determined whether high-dose PYY(3-36) is sufficient in reducing EI in long-term trials, and if so, whether the reduction in EI occurs without nausea. PYY(1-36) is unlikely to be important in regulating energy intake. The PYY(3-36) administrations caused a non-dose-dependent mobilization of FFA, likely through a direct effect.
Fluid and electrolyte transport in rhesus monkeys challenged intracecally with Shigella flexneri 2a (1976)

Shigella flexneri 2a is an invasive enteric pathogen that may produce diarrhea when ingested by human beings and subhuman primates. We have previously shown that shigella diarrhea correlates with water and electrolyte transport abnormalities in the jejunum and colon. Dysentery alone is associated only with colonic transport abnormalities. To define the relationship between invasion and inflammation of the colon and the occurrence of jejunal transport abnormalities, we studied water and electrolyte transport, histology, and bacteriology in rhesus monkeys that were infected by introducing S. flexneri 2a directly into the cecum. In contrast to the pattern of disease seen after oral administration, cecal inoculation resulted in clinical disease in 64% of animals, of which 94% manifested dysentery alone, rarely preceded by mild diarrhea. Histologically, invasion and inflammation was limited to the colon. Secretion of water and sodium occurred in the colon of infected monkeys when compared with controls, whereas transport was normal in the jejunum and ileum. These data further demonstrate that severe dysentery can result from cecal injection of shigellae, but also suggest that the occurrence of watery diarrhea requires and may result from an undefined interaction between the jejunal mucosa and the organisms during transit through the small intestine.
Heat stress reduces barrier function and alters intestinal metabolism in growing pigs1 (2012)

High ambient temperature exposure can cause major reductions in intestinal function, pig performance, and, if severe enough, mortality. Therefore, our objective was to examine how acute heat stress (HS) alters growing pig intestinal integrity and metabolism. Individually penned crossbred gilts and barrows (46 ± 6 kg BW) were exposed to either thermal neutral (TN; 21°C; 35 to 50% humidity; n = 8) or HS conditions (35°C; 24 to 43% humidity; n = 8) for 24 h. All pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water. Rectal temperature (Tr), respiration rates (RR), BW, and feed intake (FI) were measured. Pigs were killed after 24 h of environmental exposure and freshly isolated ileum and colon samples were mounted into modified Ussing chambers. Segments were analyzed for glucose and glutamine nutrient transport and barrier integrity [transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran transport]. As expected, pigs exposed to HS had an increase in Tr (39.3 vs. 40.9°C; P < 0.01) and RR (52 vs. 119 breaths per minute; P < 0.05). Heat stress decreased FI (53%; P < 0.05) and BW (-2.2 kg; P < 0.05) compared to TN pigs. Compared to TN pigs, mucosal heat shock protein 70 increased (101%; P < 0.05) whereas intestinal integrity was compromised in the HS pigs (ileum and colon TER decreased 52 and 24%, respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, serum endotoxin concentrations increased 200% due to HS (P = 0.05). Intestinal glucose transport and blood glucose were elevated due to HS (P < 0.05). However, ileal sucrase and maltase activities decreased in HS pigs (30 and 24%, respectively; P < 0.05). Altogether, these data indicate that high ambient heat loads reduce intestinal integrity and increase circulating endotoxin and stress in pigs. Furthermore, glucose transport and digestive capacity are altered during acute HS.
Small efficient axially symmetric dual reflector antennas (1993)

Two efficient small dual reflector antenna designs are analyzed using the method of moments. One is based on the standard Cassegrain system and the other is a displaced axis design. Both incorporate a low-blockage feed consisting of a dipole radiating in the presence of parasitic elements. In the first case, efficiencies greater than 55% were obtained for 20-wavelength main reflectors; in the second, an efficiency greater than 67% was achieved for a 22-wavelength main reflector.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Novel Long‐Acting GLP‐2 Analogue, FE 203799 (Apraglutide), Enhances Adaptation and Linear Intestinal Growth in a Neonatal Piglet Model of Short Bowel Syndrome with Total Resection of the Ileum (2019)

The subcutaneous GLP-2 analogue, FE, enhanced intestinal adaptation in a neonatal model of SBS without ileum. The observed intestinal lengthening with FE treatment was unique compared with our prior experience with native GLP-2 in this same model and has important clinical implications for treating neonatal SBS. At this developmental stage, growth in the intestine, if augmented, could accelerate weaning from parenteral nutrition.