gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Security proofs for an efficient password-based key exchange (2003)

Password-based key exchange schemes are designed to provide entities communicating over a public network, and sharing a (short) password only, with a session key (e.g, the key is used for data integrity and/or confidentiality). The focus of the present paper is on the analysis of very efficient schemes that have been proposed to the IEEE P1363 Standard working group on password-based authenticated key-exchange methods, but which actual security was an open problem. We analyze the AuthA key exchange scheme and give a complete proof of its security. Our analysis shows that the AuthA protocol and its multiple modes of operations are provably secure under the computational Diffie-Hellman intractability assumption, in both the random-oracle and the ideal-ciphers models.
The Critical Role of Histology in an Era of Genomics and Proteomics: A Commentary and Reflection (2007)

The role of histologic examination in lymphoma diagnosis has been called into question by proponents of new technologies, such as genomics and proteomics. We review the history and salient features of morphologic evaluation in lymphoid diseases, and discuss the general and specific limitations of mature ancillary techniques, such as immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular studies. We then speculate on the future relationship between morphology and the new genomic and proteomic technologies as they become integrated into clinical practice.
Chemosurgery in Cancer, Gangrene and Infections: Featuring a New Method for the Microscopically Controlled Excision of Cancer (1957)

To those interested in the treatment of neoplastic diseases, the work of the author in the chemosurgery of cancer over a period of many years is well known. In this handsome and profusely illustrated book the author describes the methods by which he has brought the ancient art of the treatment of surface neoplasms by means of caustic preparations to a scientific precision. In his hands, and probably in the experience of some of his pupils, the chemosurgical technique is an effective means of treatment for certain lesions, but it is a highly specialized procedure not only requiring elaborate physical resources but also imposing on the therapist the necessity of being his own microscopist. The painstaking and elaborate fixation of tissue in successive planes and the repeated removal of tissue after fixation in situ for careful microscopic examination makes the technique unnecessarily time-consuming to the professional personnel involved and much
High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy of Defects in High T<sub>c</sub> Superconductor Ba<sub>2</sub>YCu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>y</sub> (1987)

Defects in high- T c superconductor Ba 2 YCu 3 O y , where y varies from 5.8 to 6.5, are examined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (400 kV). Two kinds of planar defects are observed and they are considered to be formed by an insertion of additional metal and oxygen layers; 1) near CuO 1- x layers between two BaO layers, or 2) in the region near Y layers. Weak diffuse electron scattering, which is possibly related to the short range ordering of oxygen vacancies in CuO 1- x layers, is also observed in a h k O reciprocal lattice section.
An improved "charge pump" electronic ballast with low THD and low crest factor (1997)

The "charge pump" electronic ballast circuit, which employs a charging capacitor and a high-frequency AC source to implement power factor correction (PFC), has become an attractive topology for ballasting fluorescent lamps. However, the basic "charge pump" electronic ballast circuit has the problems of high total harmonic distortion (THD) of the input current and high crest factor (CF) of the lamp current. This paper analyzes the origin of the problems and proposes a novel solution. With the addition of two small clamping diodes, good input current (PF>0.99, THD<5%) and lamp current (CF<1.6) can be obtained with open-loop control. Experimental results are provided for verification.
A road-based QoS-aware multipath routing for urban vehicular ad hoc networks (2012)

Stable and efficient routing plays a key role for the success of VANETs. Road-based routing has been shown well-suited for urban VANETs, and multipath routing provides alternative routes once the current route fails. However, existing multipath routing protocols are node-based, which are not suitable for urban VANETs. In this paper, we propose a road-based QoS-aware multipath routing protocol for urban VANETs (RMRV). The proposed RMRV can find multiple paths and intelligently utilize them. We also propose a space-time planar graph approach to predict the connectivity of each road section (RS) in a path, and then derive the path's future lifetime and life periods. In this way, the source node may dynamically switch to use a path with the longest lifetime. The life periods of a path can further be utilized to estimate the packet delay for QoS routing. Simulation results show that comparing to RBVT-R, which is a single-path road-based routing protocol, the packet delivery ratio of the proposed RMRV (only one path used at a time) is 12.2% higher than that of RBVT-R, and the average end-to-end delay of RMRV is 11.5% lower than that of RBVT-R, on average. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing road-based multipath routing protocol for VANETs.
A Profit Maximization Scheme with Guaranteed Quality of Service in Cloud Computing (2015)

As an effective and efficient way to provide computing resources and services to customers on demand, cloud computing has become more and more popular. From cloud service providers' perspective, profit is one of the most important considerations, and it is mainly determined by the configuration of a cloud service platform under given market demand. However, a single long-term renting scheme is usually adopted to configure a cloud platform, which cannot guarantee the service quality but leads to serious resource waste. In this paper, a double resource renting scheme is designed firstly in which short-term renting and long-term renting are combined aiming at the existing issues. This double renting scheme can effectively guarantee the quality of service of all requests and reduce the resource waste greatly. Secondly, a service system is considered as an M/M/m+D queuing model and the performance indicators that affect the profit of our double renting scheme are analyzed, e.g., the average charge, the ratio of requests that need temporary servers, and so forth. Thirdly, a profit maximization problem is formulated for the double renting scheme and the optimized configuration of a cloud platform is obtained by solving the profit maximization problem. Finally, a series of calculations are conducted to compare the profit of our proposed scheme with that of the single renting scheme. The results show that our scheme can not only guarantee the service quality of all requests, but also obtain more profit than the latter.
A high-carbohydrate diet in the immediate postnatal life of rats induces adaptations predisposing to adult-onset obesity (2008)

Newborn rat pups artificially raised on a high-carbohydrate (HC) milk formula are chronically hyperinsulinemic and develop adult-onset obesity. As HC rats display aberrations in body weight regulation, hypothalamic adaptations predisposing to obesity have been investigated in this study. The artificial rearing of neonatal rat pups on the HC milk formula resulted in significant increases in the mRNA levels of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related polypeptide, and galanin in the hypothalamus of 12-day-old HC rats. Simultaneously, decreases in the mRNA levels of POMC, melanocortin receptor-4, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, and corticotrophin-releasing factor were observed in the hypothalamus of these rats. These changes persisted in 100-day-old HC rats despite weaning onto a rodent diet on postnatal day 24. Marked hyperphagia and increased body weight gain were observed in the post-weaning period. The mRNA levels and protein content of insulin receptor beta (IR-beta) and leptin receptor (long form) showed significant decreases in the hypothalamus of both 12- and 100-day-old HC rats. Further investigation of insulin signaling in the hypothalamus of HC rats indicated significant decreases in the proximal signaling components (insulin receptor substrate proteins 1 and 2 and phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase) in 100-day-old HC rats. These results suggest that hypothalamic neuropeptides respond to the increased carbohydrate availability with associated hormonal alterations during the period of dietary modulation and that these adaptations by persisting in the post-weaning period predispose the HC rats for adult-onset obesity.
Growth in utero, adult blood pressure, and arterial compliance. (1995)

Impairment of fetal growth is associated with raised blood pressure in adult life and decreased compliance in the conduit arteries of the trunk and legs.
Optimization of the bioprocessing conditions for scale‐up of transient production of a heterologous protein in plants using a chemically inducible viral amplicon expression system (2009)

Use of transient expression for the rapid, large-scale production of recombinant proteins in plants requires optimization of existing methods to facilitate scale-up of the process. We have demonstrated that the techniques used for agroinfiltration and induction greatly impact transient production levels of heterologous protein. A Cucumber mosaic virus inducible viral amplicon (CMViva) expression system was used to transiently produce recombinant alpha-1-antitrypsin (rAAT) by co-infiltrating harvested Nicotiana benthamiana leaves with two Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, one containing the CMViva expression cassette carrying the AAT gene and the other containing a binary vector carrying the gene silencing suppressor p19. Harvested leaves were both infiltrated and induced by either pressure or vacuum infiltration. Using the vacuum technique for both processes, maximum levels of functional and total rAAT were elevated by (190 +/- 8.7)% and (290 +/- 7.5)%, respectively, over levels achieved when using the pressure technique for both processes. The bioprocessing conditions for vacuum infiltration and induction were optimized and resulted in maximum rAAT production when using an A. tumefaciens concentration at OD(600) of 0.5 and a 0.25-min vacuum infiltration, and multiple 1-min vacuum inductions further increased production 25% and resulted in maximum levels of functional and total rAAT at (2.6 +/- 0.09)% and (4.1 +/- 0.29)% of the total soluble protein, respectively, or (90 +/- 1.7) and (140 +/- 10) mg per kg fresh weight leaf tissue at 6 days post-induction. Use of harvested plant tissue with vacuum infiltration and induction demonstrates a bioprocessing route that is fully amenable to scale-up.
Reduction of tumor angiogenesis induced by desmopressin in a breast cancer model (2013)

Desmopressin (DDAVP), a synthetic peptide analog of vasopressin, is a safe antidiuretic and hemostatic compound that acts as a selective agonist for the vasopressin V2 membrane receptor. It is known that DDAVP can inhibit progression of residual metastatic cells and also improves chemotherapy effects in preclinical breast cancer models. Here, we explored the effects of DDAVP on tumor angiogenesis using the aggressive F3II mammary carcinoma in syngeneic Balb/c mice. Intravenous administration of the compound (2 μg/kg) markedly decreased vascularization of growing subcutaneous tumors, as well as inhibited the early angiogenic response around intradermal inoculation sites. In vitro studies confirmed the presence of vasopressin V2 receptors on F3II cells and a modest antiproliferative activity of DDAVP. Interestingly, conditioned media from F3II monolayers exposed to low doses of DDAVP (100 nM) significantly increased angiostatin formation in the presence of purified plasminogen. Such increase was associated with an enhancement of tumor-secreted urokinase-type plasminogen activator, suggesting the proteolytic conversion of plasminogen to angiostatin in vitro. Similar results were observed with the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma, a cell line known to express the vasopressin V2 receptor. No direct effects of DDAVP (100 nM–1 μM) were found on capillary-like tube formation by human microvascular cells HMVEC. Our studies showed that DDAVP induces anti-angiogenic effects that may be associated with the generation of angiostatin by tumor cells. Further preclinical studies with DDAVP and other vasopressin analogs are warranted to determine their potential in cancer management.
Bisbenzamidines as Antifungal Agents. Are Both Amidine Functions Required to Observe an Anti-Pneumocystis carinii Activity? (2010)

A library of 19 novel 4-(4-phenylpiperazine-1-yl)benzamidines has been synthesized and evaluated in vitro against Pneumocystis carinii. Among these compounds, N-ethyl- and N-hexyl-4-(4-phenylpiperazine-1-yl)benzamidines emerged as the most promising compounds, with inhibition percentages at 10.0 microg/mL of 87% and 96%, respectively. Those compounds remained active at 0.1 microg/mL.
Apical trehalase expression associated with cell patterning after inducer treatment of LLC‐PK<sub>1</sub> monolayers (1987)

Trehalase, a differentiation-specific marker of renal proximal tubule brush border membrane, is expressed in confluent long-term cultures of the renal epithelial cell line LLC-PK1. The level of trehalase is greatly increased after treatment of cultures with differentiation inducers such as hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), accompanied by increases in other apical membrane-associated differentiated functions (Yoneyama and Lever: J. Cell. Physiol. 121: 64-73, 1984). In the present study, we utilize a polyclonal antibody specific for renal trehalase to demonstrate that trehalase expression induced in LLC-PK1 cultures after HMBA treatment is localized in cells forming a three-dimensional network of strands across the confluent monolayer. The antitrehalase antibody recognized an apical membrane antigen of apparent molecular weight 100-110 kD both in LLC-PK1 cultures and in the corresponding pig renal brush border membranes. Strand formation and total trehalase activity increased in parallel as a function of inducer concentration and duration of exposure. Strand formation and trehalase expression were also greatly enhanced in monolayers grown on a Nuclepore filter support even in the absence of inducer. Strand formation was not a prerequisite for induced trehalase expression in culture, since strands did not develop in cultures treated with N, N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) and equally potent inducer of trehalase expression. In this case, cells which expressed increased levels of trehalase were dispersed at random over the monolayer. Induction of strand formation and trehalase expression by HMBA required a minimum exposure period of 48 hr and persisted up to a week after removal of inducer. By contrast, the response to DMF required continuous presence of inducer. Levels of trehalase declined even in the continuous presence of inducer in local regions of low cell density created by wound-repair of the monolayer. In addition to the membrane-bound form, trehalase activity was also recoverable from the culture medium, but release of trehalase was not affected by inducers. These observations are consistent with the view that a cell type committed to express a program of differentiation after HMBA treatment or growth on a permeable support is organized in specific cell patterns visible as strands over the confluent cell monolayer.
Face recognition based on convolutional neural network (2017)

Face recognition is of great importance to real world applications such as video surveillance, human machine interaction and security systems. As compared to traditional machine learning approaches, deep learning based methods have shown better performances in terms of accuracy and speed of processing in image recognition. This paper proposes a modified Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture by adding two normalization operations to two of the layers. The normalization operation which is batch normalization provided acceleration of the network. CNN architecture was employed to extract distinctive face features and Softmax classifier was used to classify faces in the fully connected layer of CNN. In the experiment part, Georgia Tech Database showed that the proposed approach has improved the face recognition performance with better recognition results.
Structural and energetic properties of unsupported Cu nanoparticles from room temperature to the melting point: Molecular dynamics simulations (2005)

Molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to investigate the structure and the thermodynamics of unsupported Cu particles with size in the range between 1 and 10 nm. Carried out in the temperature range between 300 K and the melting point of the nanoparticle, the numerical study provides insight into the mechanisms governing the thermal evolution and melting of nanoparticles in the mesoscale regime explored. According to the numerical findings, nanoparticles can be regarded as heterogeneous structures characterized by a core region, in which atoms display a bulklike behavior, and a surface layer, where atoms possess structure and energy intermediate between the ones of a bulk solid or a bulk liquid.
Changing school dinners: food for thought? (2007)

When headteacher Matt Percival discovered his new school had ‘serious weaknesses’ his strategy for improvement was to revolutionize the school canteen. Healthier menus not only counter the rising levels of obesity but also aid children's concentration, helping them to achieve academically.
Near infrared waveplate (2004)

The waveplate made of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) plastic film has several advantages compared with that of birefringent crystal in visible region, such as its lower cost and insensitivity to temperature and incidence angle. What are the performances when they are used in the near infrared spectral region? In this paper, we provide some experimental results of infrared PVA waveplates. To do this, we make some samples and measure their polarization characteristics at several aspects. Firstly, we measure the performance of these PVA waveplates by precise instruments in laboratory. Secondly, we put the waveplates into a Stokes polarimeter to observe the solar magnetic field at near infrared line FeI1.56μm. By use of this polarimeter mounted on the vertical spectrograph of 2m McMath telescope at Kitt Peak, the two-dimensional Stokes parameters, I, Q, U, and V, of a sunspot were observed. From the results of laboratory and observation, we get the conclusion that PVA waveplate has the fair polarization performance to be used to observe the solar magnetic fields in the near infrared spectral region. By these experiments, we provide a design of an achromatic waveplate in infrared region, which consists of five-element, to illustrate the PVA waveplate is the best choice to it.
Reprocessable vinylogous urethane cross-linked polyethylene <i>via</i> reactive extrusion (2019)

Reactive extrusion of a precursor polymer and a diamine cross-linker leads to reprocessable vinylogous urethane polyethylene vitrimers with desired rheological properties.
A First Look at Identity Management Schemes on the Blockchain (2018)

The emergence of distributed ledger technology (DLT) based on a blockchain data structure has given rise to new approaches to identity management that aim to upend dominant approaches to providing and consuming digital identities. These new approaches to identity management (IdM) propose to enhance de-centralization, transparency, and user control in transactions that involve identity information; however, given the historical challenge to design IdM, can these new DLT-based schemes deliver on their lofty goals? We introduce the emerging landscape of DLT-based IdM and evaluate three representative proposals—uPort, ShoCard, and Sovrin—using the analytic lens of a seminal framework that characterizes the nature of successful IdM schemes.
Pamidronate (Aredia®, Ciba) (1998)

Pamidronate disodium appears beneficial in relieving metastatic bone pain refractory to NSAIDS and steroids. However, due to the invasiveness of administration and costs associated with the infusion, it should not be considered first line therapy. On the other hand, potential cost savings over conventional radiation therapy or surgery to relieve bone pain could make pamidronate a very attractive option.
NITRO MUSKS. I. ISOMERS, HOMOLOGS, AND ANALOGS OF MUSK AMBRETTE (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNITRO MUSKS. I. ISOMERS, HOMOLOGS, AND ANALOGS OF MUSK AMBRETTEM. S. CARPENTER, W. M. EASTER, and T. F. WOODCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1951, 16, 4, 586–617Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01144a011RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1324Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Theoretical basis of parametric-resonance-based atomic force microscopy (2009)

Parametric resonance underpins the physics of swings, resonant surface waves, and particle traps. There is increasing interest in its potential applications in atomic force microscopy (AFM). In this paper, the dynamics of parametrically resonant microcantilevers for high sensitivity imaging and force spectroscopy applications is investigated theoretically. Detailed numerical parametric-resonance simulations are performed to understand how the microcantilever amplitude varies with tip-sample separation, the tip-sample interaction, and the scanning dynamics of a microcantilever probe. We find three key advantages of a parametrically resonant microcantilever for AFM applications: (a) the reduction in ringing effects near feature edges that occur for high-$Q$ microcantilevers; (b) an increase in the scanning speed while maintaining a low tip-sample interaction force while imaging; and (c) an enhanced sensitivity to long-range magnetic and electrostatic force gradients acting between the tip and the sample. Experimental results are presented with an aim to clearly identify the advantages and disadvantages that parametric resonance offers for scanning probe applications.
A New Redundant Rearrangement of Aromatic Ring Fused Cyclic α-Hydroxydithiane Derivatives. Synthesis of Aromatic Ring Fused Cyclic 1,2-Diketones with One-Carbon Ring Expansion (1999)

A new reaction involving rearrangement of aromatic ring fused cyclic dithiane alcohol by N-chlorosuccinimide in CH2Cl2−H2O to the corresponding one-carbon ring expanded 1,2-diketone has been developed. A wide range of structurally varied dithiane alcohols have been found to undergo this rearrangement in high yields. The general criteria and reaction mechanism for this rearrangement have also been worked out.