gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Submesoscale Eddy Vertical Covariances and Dynamical Constraints from High-Resolution Numerical Simulations (2020)

Abstract We analyze high-resolution (1 km) simulations of the western Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Arabian Sea to understand submesoscale eddy dynamics. A mask based on the Okubo–Weiss parameter isolates small-scale eddies, and we further classify those with | ζ / f | ≥ 1 as being submesoscale eddies. Cyclonic submesoscale eddies exhibit a vertical depth structure in which temperature anomalies from the large-scale background are negative. Peak density anomalies associated with cyclonic submesoscale eddies are found at a depth approximately twice the mixed layer depth (MLD). Within anticyclonic submesoscale eddies, temperature anomalies are positive and have peak density anomalies at the MLD. The depth–depth covariance structure for the cyclonic and anticyclonic submesoscale eddies have maxima over a shallow region near the surface and weak off diagonal elements. The observed vertical structure suggests that submesoscale eddies have a shallower depth profile and smaller vertical correlation scales when compared to the mesoscale phenomenon. We test a two-dimensional submesoscale eddy dynamical balance. Compared to a geostrophic dynamical balance using only pressure gradient and Coriolis force, including velocity tendency and advection produces lower errors by about 20%. In regions with strong tides and associated internal waves (western Pacific and Arabian Sea), using the mixed layer integrated small-scale steric height within the dynamical equations produces the lowest magnitude errors. In areas with weak tides (Gulf of Mexico), using small-scale sea surface height (SSH) produces the lowest magnitude errors. Recovering a submesoscale eddy with the correct magnitude and rotation requires integration of small-scale specific volume anomalies well below the mixed layer.
Lymphokine production by human milk lymphocytes (1981)

To assess the functional capability of human milk lymphocytes, we studied phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphokine production by breast milk and, for comparison, peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Two lymphokines, lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor (LDCF) and immune interferon, were assayed in supernatants of milk and blood lymphocyte cultures obtained from women 2 to 6 days postpartum. Eleven parallel milk and blood samples were studied for LDCF production. In nine experiments, both milk and blood lymphocytes produced LDCF. In the two other experiments, milk cells did not produce LDCF. In 10 milk cultures studied, all produced interferon activity. Acid and heat lability characteristics were typical of immune interferon. These results further characterize milk lymphocytes as immunologically competent and possibly important effector cells in neonatal immunity.
A priority ceiling protocol for multiple-instance resources (2002)

A systematic optimization process for multiple-instance resource sharing in real-time systems is presented. The authors derive the schedulability condition for systems with such resources and present an algorithm which can be used to divide a resource pool into smaller groups in order to improve the worst-case blocking behavior. They present the system model used and review some related work. The multi-instance priority ceiling protocol and its properties are discussed, the effect of resource preallocation on the schedulability of a system is studied, and an optimal resource preallocation algorithm is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Copper Stimulates Endocytosis of the Prion Protein (1998)

Prion diseases result from conformational alteration of PrPC, a cell surface glycoprotein expressed in brain, spinal cord, and several peripheral tissues, into PrPSc, a protease-resistant isoform that is the principal component of infectious prion particles. Although a great deal is known about the pathogenic role of PrPSc, the physiological function of PrPC has remained a mystery. Several lines of evidence have recently suggested the possibility that PrPC may play a role in the metabolism of copper. To further investigate the interaction of PrPC and copper, we have analyzed the effect of this metal ion on the endocytic trafficking of PrPC in cultured neuroblastoma cells. We report here that copper rapidly and reversibly stimulates endocytosis of PrPC from the cell surface. This effect may be physiologically relevant and suggests the hypothesis that PrPC could serve as a recycling receptor for uptake of copper ions from the extracellular milieu.
Graphene Oxide Modified Pervious Concrete with Fly Ash as Sole Binder (2017)

In this study, a graphene oxide modified pervious concrete was developed by using a low-reactivity, high-calcium fly ash as sole binder, chemical activators and other admixtures. The density, void ratio, mechanical strength, infiltration rate, Youngâ€™s modulus, and degradation resistance of pervious concrete were measured against other three controlled groups. The test results indicated that the graphene oxide modified fly ash pervious concrete is comparable to the Portland cement pervious concrete. While the addition of 0.03% graphene oxide (by weight of fly ash) increased the compressive strength, split tensile strength, Youngâ€™s modulus and degradation resistance of fly ash pervious concrete noticeably, the void ratio and infiltration rate were reduced.
Circadian timing of sleepiness in man and woman (1982)

Men and women living contentedly in long-term isolation from the usual time-of-day cues have revealed surprising new regularities about the timing of human sleep/wake alternations. Contemporary effort to ferret out and articulate these regularities in quantitative terms lead to a diversity of mathematical models. If these eventually acquire predictive competence then we may expect practical improvements of therapy for insomnia, jet lag, and some kinds of psychiatric depression.
Generation of Human Regulatory γδ T Cells by TCRγδ Stimulation in the Presence of TGF-β and Their Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2011)

As a component of the innate immune cell population, γδ T cells are involved in tumor immunosurveillance and host defense against viral invasion. In this study, we demonstrated a novel function of human γδ T cells as regulatory cells by detecting their suppressive effect on the proliferation of autologous naive CD4(+) T cells. These regulatory γδ T cells (γδ Tregs) could be generated in vitro by stimulating with anti-TCRγδ in the presence of TGF-β and IL-2. Similar to CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs, γδ Tregs also expressed Foxp3. Additionally, they primarily belonged to the Vδ1 subset with a CD27(+)CD25(high) phenotype. Furthermore, these γδ Tregs showed an immunoregulatory activity mainly through cell-to-cell contact. Importantly, this γδ regulatory population decreased in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus patients, suggesting a potential mechanism in understanding the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Improved Selection Criteria for Sand Control - When Are "Fines" Fines? (2010)

Abstract When sand control is required in production or injection wells, one of the key design criteria is that the sand control should allow those "fines" present to pass, whilst retaining "sand". However the definition of "fines" is not universal and some arbitrary size and/or compositional definitions are often used that could potentially lead to inappropriate sand control design. The fines in any rock sample are usually categorized as that portion of the rock which passes through a ~45 micron sieve. This is a convenient cut-off point for laboratory evaluations as it represents the finest commonly used sieve. It has become routine to use the percentage of fines in a rock sample as one of the key parameters for sand control type selection and specific screen selection. In a coarse-grained, well-sorted sand, particles "less than ~45 microns" may well represent that part of the rock that can move through the pore throats. However, significant variation exists in oil and gas reservoirs and this should be considered in order to obtain an appropriate definition of what constitute fines for a specific reservoir. From a reservoir perspective, the preferred definition of "fines" is that part of the rock that can move through the pores of the intact rock. Using pore throat size measurements and estimates, it is possible to develop a much more rigorous mobile fines size for any formation. Coupled with grain size analysis (which should include some laser analysis of the finer fraction) the true "fines" can be quantified for any given sand. The sand control selection is made using this new definition of fines, leading to optimum and tailored selection, based on science rather than convenience or tradition. For sand control performance evaluation it is not only the mobile reservoir fines that are a concern. Should the formation fail into an annulus then the rock components may re-sort in the annulus and bring about high skins and possible screen plugging. Here, the sizing of the fines that are of concern will be different. It has been convenient to adhere to somewhat arbitrary particle size distribution cut-off points when selecting sand control. When informed with an improved understanding of the petrology, particle behaviour, impact of their movement, and the interaction between the formation and the well, while it is being both constructed and produced it is proposed that we can improve the selection process.
Varying linezolid susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates during therapy: a case report (2005)

We describe a clinical case that shows the shift of a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from linezolid resistance to susceptibility and then back to resistance again related to linezolid therapy.
Synthesis, structure, and antibacterial evaluation of new <i>N</i>‐substituted‐3‐amino‐ 5‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1<i>H</i>‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamides (2010)

Abstract Novel N ‐substituted‐3‐amino‐5‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1 H ‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamide derivatives were synthesized by means of two methods. First is the cyclization reaction of 1‐(cyanophenyl)acetyl‐4‐substituted thiosemicarbazide, and the second one is reaction of cyanophenyl acetic acid hydrazide with isothiocyanate. Structures of new compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, 1 H NMR, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Biological evaluation showed that some of them possess promising antibacterial activities. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:215–221, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/hc.20598
Advantages of a Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-modified Coated with a Thermoplastic Polyurethane as an Occlusal Appliance Material (2014)

CORINA MARCAUTEANU1, ENIKO TUNDE STOICA1, CRISTINA BORTUN 2, MEDA-LAVINIA NEGRUTIU3, COSMIN SINESCU3*, ANCA TUDOR4 1 University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeo” Timiooara, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Occlusion, 9 Revolutiei Blv., 300070, Timiooara, Romania 2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeo”, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dental Technology, Timiooara, 9 Revolutiei Blv., 300070, Timiooara, Romania 3 University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeo” Timiooara, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, 9 Revolutiei Blv., 300070, Timiooara, Romania 4 University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeo” Timiooara, Department of Informatics and Medical Biostatistics, 14 Tudor Vladimirescu St., 300173, Timiooara, Romania
An FPGA-Based Computing Platform for Real-Time 3D Medical Imaging and its Application to Cone-Beam CT Reconstruction (2005)

Real-time three-dimensional (3D) medical imaging requires both high memory and high computational bandwidth due to the massive amount of data to be processed. Application-specific systems have been designed to speed up a few selected 3D imaging algorithms. When applied to other algorithms, all such systems require complicated redesign procedures or get lower performance than expected. In this article, we present an FPGA-based computing platform that can be used to accelerate a broad range of 3D medical imaging algorithms dominated by local operations. Its generality and reconfigurability make it easy to be customized to differing algorithm requirements. The architecture in the platform exploits intrinsic parallelisms in 3D imaging algorithms in order to achieve high computational bandwidth. Along with the architecture, a new caching scheme called brick caching was designed to dynamically partition the input data and buffer them in distributed internal caches to provide multiple memory accesses. The caching scheme exploits locality of reference in three dimensions, thus greatly reducing the total data flow from external system memory to internal caches. It is also a deterministic caching method, which allows the input data to be prefetched into the processor before they are processed. We also present application of the platform in FDK (Feldkamp–Davis–Kress) cone-beam computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction so as to demonstrate its potential in real-time 3D medical imaging.
The Pairwise Piecewise-Linear Embedding for Efficient Non-Linear Classification (2013)

Linear classifiers are much faster to learn and test than non-linear ones. On the other hand, non-linear kernels offer improved performance, albeit at the increased cost of training kernel classifiers. To use non-linear mappings with efficient linear learning algorithms, explicit embeddings that approximate popular kernels have recently been proposed. However, the embedding process is often costly and the results are usually less accurate than kernel methods. In this work we propose a non-linear feature map that is both very efficient, but at the same time highly expressive. The method is based on discretization and interpolation of individual features values and feature pairs. The discretization allows us to model different regions of the feature space separately, while the interpolation preserves the original continuous values. Using this embedding is strictly more general than a linear model and as efficient as the second-order polynomial explicit feature map. An extensive empirical evaluation shows that our method consistently outperforms other methods, including a wide range of kernels. This is in contrast to other proposed embeddings that were faster than kernel methods, but with lower accuracy. 1.
Group II intron self-splicing. Alternative reaction conditions yield novel products. (1988)

Reaction parameters were modified to enhance the in vitro reaction rate and to reveal partial and novel reactions of the group II intron 5g of the mitochondrial gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. One alteration yields separate 5'- and 3'-exons plus linear excised intron as the main products. A linear reaction intermediate, containing intron and 3'-exon, and products resulting from cleavages at two unexpected sites were identified. Spliced exon "reopening," a novel reaction between excised intron and spliced exons, appears responsible for separate 5'- and 3'-exon products.
In-Vivo Expression Profiling of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections Reveals Niche-Specific and Strain-Independent Transcriptional Programs (2011)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a threatening, opportunistic pathogen causing disease in immunocompromised individuals. The hallmark of P. aeruginosa virulence is its multi-factorial and combinatorial nature. It renders such bacteria infectious for many organisms and it is often resistant to antibiotics. To gain insights into the physiology of P. aeruginosa during infection, we assessed the transcriptional programs of three different P. aeruginosa strains directly after isolation from burn wounds of humans. We compared the programs to those of the same strains using two infection models: a plant model, which consisted of the infection of the midrib of lettuce leaves, and a murine tumor model, which was obtained by infection of mice with an induced tumor in the abdomen. All control conditions of P. aeruginosa cells growing in suspension and as a biofilm were added to the analysis. We found that these different P. aeruginosa strains express a pool of distinct genetic traits that are activated under particular infection conditions regardless of their genetic variability. The knowledge herein generated will advance our understanding of P. aeruginosa virulence and provide valuable cues for the definition of prospective targets to develop novel intervention strategies.
An Improved TCP Congestion Control Algorithm of Based on Bandwidth Estimation in Heterogeneous Networks (2014)

—Due to the difficulty in discriminating the wireless loss from congestion loss in heterogeneous networks, TCP Westwood can not accurately estimate the available bandwidth, and cause low network utilization. In this paper, we propose an improved congestion control algorithm called TCP NewBR, which adaptively estimates bandwidth by using the bottleneck link utilization, and selects more precise time interval of ACK to improve the accuracy of available bandwidth estimation. In addition, we also modify the faster recovery and faster retransmission algorithms according to the queue length of bottleneck link. Simulation results in several scenarios show that TCP NewBR can get more accurate bandwidth estimation, and more significant throughput than traditional TCP Westwood, and fairer and friendlier than TCP Reno.
Potential organ- or tumor-imaging agents. 21. Acyl-labeled esters of cholesterol (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential organ- or tumor-imaging agents. 21. Acyl-labeled esters of cholesterolR. E. Counsell, R. H. Seevers, N. Korn, and S. W. SchwendnerCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1981, 24, 1, 5–6Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00133a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00133a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Steps To Developing a Commercial Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Processing Plant (1988)

Commercialization of a supercritical carbon dioxide processed food product requires the successful application of five sequential steps: 1) application of high pressure CO2 phase equilibria and fluid dynamics theory; 2) knowledge of the botanicals structure and chemistry; 3) performance of the "process design protocol"; 4) preliminary process design and economic evaluation; and 5) design, construction and start-up of the commercial-scale plant. Many decisions made during the early steps have large impacts on commercial plant performance capabilities and economic efficiency. The impact on commercial plant performance and economics should be factored into decisions made at every commercialization step.
Faceted search and retrieval based on semantically annotated product family ontology (2009)

With the advent of various services and applications of Semantic Web, semantic annotation had emerged as an important research area. The use of semantically annotated ontology had been evident in numerous information processing and retrieval tasks. One of such tasks is utilizing the semantically annotated ontology in product design which is able to suggest many important applications that are critical to aid various design related tasks. However, ontology development in design engineering remains a time consuming and tedious task that demands tremendous human efforts. In the context of product family design, management of different product information that features efficient indexing, update, navigation, search and retrieval across product families is both desirable and challenging. This paper attempts to address this issue by proposing an information management and retrieval framework based on the semantically annotated product family ontology. Particularly, we propose a document profile (DP) model to suggest semantic tags for annotation purpose. Using a case study of digital camera families, we illustrate how the faceted search and retrieval of product information can be accomplished based on the semantically annotated camera family ontology. Lastly, we briefly discuss some further research and application in design decision support, e.g. commonality and variety, based on the semantically annotated product family ontology.
CLEANING BY SURFACE DISPLACEMENT OF WATER AND OILS (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCLEANING BY SURFACE DISPLACEMENT OF WATER AND OILSH. R. Baker, P. B. Leach, C. R. Singleterry, and W. A. ZismanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1967, 59, 6, 29–40Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50690a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50690a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts