gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IntraFace (2015)

Within the last 20 years, there has been an increasing interest in the computer vision community in automated facial image analysis algorithms. This has been driven by applications in animation, market research, autonomous-driving, surveillance, and facial editing among others. To date, there exist several commercial packages for specific facial image analysis tasks such as facial expression recognition, facial attribute analysis or face tracking. However, free and easy-to-use software that incorporates all these functionalities is unavailable. This paper presents IntraFace (IF), a publicly-available software package for automated facial feature tracking, head pose estimation, facial attribute recognition, and facial expression analysis from video. In addition, IFincludes a newly develop technique for unsupervised synchrony detection to discover correlated facial behavior between two or more persons, a relatively unexplored problem in facial image analysis. In tests, IF achieved state-of-the-art results for emotion expression and action unit detection in three databases, FERA, CK+ and RU-FACS; measured audience reaction to a talk given by one of the authors; and discovered synchrony for smiling in videos of parent-infant interaction. IF is free of charge for academic use at http://www.humansensing.cs.cmu.edu/intraface/.
Physical and Functional Interaction between the XPF/ERCC1 Endonuclease and hRad52 (2004)

The XPF/ERCC1 heterodimer is a DNA structure-specific endonuclease that participates in nucleotide excision repair and homology-dependent recombination reactions, including DNA single strand annealing and gene targeting. Here we show that XPF/ERCC1 is stably associated with hRad52, a recombinational repair protein, in human cell-free extracts and that these factors interact directly via the N-terminal domain of hRad52 and the XPF protein. Complex formation between hRad52 and XPF/ERCC1 concomitantly stimulates the DNA structure-specific endonuclease activity of XPF/ERCC1 and attenuates the DNA strand annealing activity of hRad52. Our results reveal a novel role for hRad52 as a subunit of a DNA structure-specific endonuclease and are congruent with evidence implicating both hRad52 and XPF/ERCC1 in a number of homologous recombination reactions. We propose that the ternary complex of hRad52 and XPF/ERCC1 is the active species that processes recombination intermediates generated during the repair of DNA double strand breaks and in homology-dependent gene targeting events.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Regulates Gonadotropin Responsiveness in the Murine Ovary (1997)

The present study shows that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and FSH receptor (FSHR) mRNAs are selectively coexpressed in a subset of healthy-appearing follicles in murine ovaries, irrespective of cycle stage. Aromatase gene expression, a prime marker for FSH effect, is found only in IGF-I/FSHR-positive follicles, showing that these are healthy, gonadotropin-responsive follicles. Given the striking coexpression of FSHR and IGF-I, we hypothesized that FSH was responsible for follicular IGF-I expression. We found, however, that granulosa cell IGF-I mRNA levels are not reduced in hypophysectomized (+/-PMSG) or FSH knockout mice, indicating that FSH does not have a major role in regulation of granulosa cell IGF-I gene expression. To test the alternative hypothesis that IGF-I regulates FSHR gene expression, we studied ovaries from IGF-I knockout mice. FSHR mRNA was significantly reduced in ovaries from homozygous IGF-I knockout compared with wild type mice and was restored to control values by exogenous IGF-I treatment. The functional significance of the reduced FSHR gene expression in IGF-I knockout ovaries is suggested by reduced aromatase expression and by the failure of their follicles to develop normally beyond the early antral stage. In fact, IGF-I knockout and FSH knockout ovaries appear very similar in terms of arrested follicular development. In summary, we have shown that IGF-I and FSHR are selectively coexpressed in healthy, growing murine follicles and that FSH does not affect IGF-I expression but that IGF-I augments granulosa cell FSHR expression. These data suggest that ovarian IGF-I expression serves to enhance granulosa cell FSH responsiveness by augmenting FSHR expression.
Third-harmonic generation of an alexandrite laser in β-BaB2O4 (1989)

We report the first cascading third-harmonic generation by light from an alexandrite laser in β-BaB2O4. Ultraviolet (UV) light was generated by mixing the fundamental laser light with the second-harmonic light. The calculated effective nonlinear constant for type I mixing is nearly three times larger than that for type II. Using type I mixing we demonstrated UV light generation in the wavelength region 244–259 nm with 24% mixing efficiency at maximum.
New alkoxycarbonylalkyloxychalcones and their alpha, beta-dibromo derivatives of potential antimicrobial activity. (1989)

New ortho, meta- and para-substituted alkoxycarbonylalkyloxychalcones and their alpha, beta-dibromo derivatives have been synthesized. It can be demonstrated that some of these compounds show antimicrobial activity.
HELISTAT ABSORBABLE COLLAGEN HEMOSTATIC SPONGES IN CUTANEOUS SURGERY IN HIV–1+ PATIENTS (1993)

We believe that the use of these sponges provides a high degree of safety for the physician, which may assure that the commonly atypical clinical lesions seen in HIV-1 disease are biopsied. In addition, these sponges provide hemostasis, particularly significant in this patient population, and convenience, without a significant risk of secondary infection, and may provide some benefit in healing.
Defunctionalizing Technique for Producing Epoxy Resin-Phthalic Alkyds (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDefunctionalizing Technique for Producing Epoxy Resin-Phthalic AlkydsG.eorge Somerville and Donald HerrCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1957, 49, 7, 1080–1084Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50571a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50571a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica grave. (2009)

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. This concept includes simple chronic bronchitis, asthmatic bronchitis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, and pulmonary emphysema; although this two last are the most commonly included. Risk factors, classification and treatment are commented, stressing the strategy of mechanical ventilation and the indications for mechanical invasive and no invasive ventilation. It includes assessment guidelines focused on the most important aspects to be accomplished.
QuickRec (2013)

There has been significant interest in hardware-assisted deterministic Record and Replay (RnR) systems for multithreaded programs on multiprocessors. However, no proposal has implemented this technique in a hardware prototype with full operating system support. Such an implementation is needed to assess RnR practicality.
Integration of Simple Antennas to Multiband Receivers Using a Novel Multiplexer Design Methodology (2011)

This paper presents a new concept in RF multiplexer design to integrate a single monopole-type antenna to a receiver with large, multiband tuning ranges. Traditional techniques to integrate a single antenna with such receivers are limited in their ability to handle simultaneous channels distributed over very large tuning ranges, which is important for frequency-agile cognitive radio, surveillance, and other applications requiring wideband or multiband monitoring. In our approach, the goal is first to achieve sensitivity which is nominally dominated by external (environmental) noise, and then secondly to improve bandwidth to the maximum possible consistent with this goal. A procedure is described for designing antenna-multiplexer-preamplifier assemblies using this philosophy. It is shown that the approach can significantly increase the usable bandwidth and number of bands that can be supported by a single, traditional antenna. A three channel (10–28 MHz, 32–50 MHz, and 54–80 MHz) multiplexer for a VHF monopole antenna was designed and performance was validated through field experiment.
Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin and Glimepiride (AWARD-2) (2015)

Once-weekly dulaglutide 1.5 mg, compared with daily insulin glargine without forced titration, demonstrated greater HbA1c reduction and weight loss, with a higher incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events and a lower risk of hypoglycemia.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Highly Chlorinated, Brominated, Iodinated, and Methylated Carborane Anions, 1-H-CB<sub>9</sub>X<sub>9</sub><sup>-</sup>, 1-NH<sub>2</sub>-CB<sub>9</sub>X<sub>9</sub><sup>-</sup> (X = Cl, Br, I), and 1-H-CB<sub>9</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>9</sub><sup>-</sup> (2000)

The highly chlorinated, brominated, and iodinated carborane anions 1-R-CB9X9- (R = H, NH2; X = Cl, Br, I) were prepared in high yields by treatment of [Me3NH][1-R-CB9H9] with excess ICl, Br2/triflic acid, and I2/triflic acid, respectively, in sealed tubes at 180-240 degrees C. With the aid of a Pd catalyst, B-I bonds could be converted into the B-Me bonds by treatment with excess MeMgBr, which led to the preparation of the permethylated species 1-H-CB9Me9- in good yield. These new anions were fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 11B NMR, IR, and negative-ion MALDI MS spectroscopy. Some were further characterized by single-crystal X-ray analyses. The weakly coordinating nature of these new anions was probed by 29Si chemical shifts.
Surface Plasmon Resonances, Optical Properties, and Electrical Conductivity Thermal Hystersis of Silver Nanofibers Produced by the Electrospinning Technique (2008)

In the present study, silver metal nanofibers have been successfully prepared by using the electrospinning technique. Silver nanofibers have been produced by electrospinning a sol−gel consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) and silver nitrate. The dried nanofiber mats have been calcined at 850 °C in an argon atmosphere. The produced nanofibers do have distinct plasmon resonance compared with the reported silver nanoparticles. Contrary to the introduced shapes of silver nanoparticles, the nanofibers have a blue-shifted plasmon resonance at 330 nm. Moreover, the optical properties study indicated that the synthesized nanofibers have two band gap energies of 0.75 and 2.34 eV. An investigation of the electrical conductivity behavior of the obtained nanofibers shows thermal hystersis. These privileged physical features greatly widen the applications of the prepared nanofibers in various fields.
T Cell Responses Are Required for Protection from Clinical Disease and for Virus Clearance in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Mice (2010)

A dysregulated innate immune response and exuberant cytokine/chemokine expression are believed to be critical factors in the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by a coronavirus (SARS-CoV). However, we recently showed that inefficient immune activation and a poor virus-specific T cell response underlie severe disease in SARS-CoV-infected mice. Here, we extend these results to show that virus-specific T cells, in the absence of activation of the innate immune response, were sufficient to significantly enhance survival and diminish clinical disease. We demonstrated that T cells are responsible for virus clearance, as intravenous adoptive transfer of SARS-CoV-immune splenocytes or in vitro-generated T cells to SCID or BALB/c mice enhanced survival and reduced virus titers in the lung. Enhancement of the number of virus-specific CD8 T cells by immunization with SARS-CoV peptide-pulsed dendritic cells also resulted in a robust T cell response, earlier virus clearance, and increased survival. These studies are the first to show that T cells play a crucial role in SARS-CoV clearance and that a suboptimal T cell response contributes to the pathological changes observed in SARS. They also provide a new approach to SARS vaccine design.
Fast Amplitude Compression In Hearing Aids Improves Audibility But Degrades Speech Information Transmission (2008)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2008
Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Notched Low-Carbon Steel Components. (1996)

Large structures are usually constructed using the conventional low-carbon steel and often contain many kinds of discontinuous cross sections or initial defects. The fatigue cracks commonly initiate at these sites under repeated loadings. So, the estimation of low-cycle fatigue life of the notched components is significantly important in the design of structures.In this study, the low-cycle fatigue tests were carried out using the smooth round bar specimens and the notched plate specimens machined from the hot rolled low-carbon steel sheets of SM400A, SM400B and SM490A. After analyzing the experimental data, the estimating method of low-cycle fatigue life of notched specimens was proposed.
Protective effects of M40401, a selective superoxide dismutase mimetic, on zymosan-induced nonseptic shock (2004)

This study provides the first evidence that M40401 attenuates the degree of zymosan-induced nonseptic shock in the rat.
Transmission of Complex Pressure Waves through the Perilymphatic Fluid in Cats (1986)

The response of the perilymphatic fluid to complex pressure waves, composed of low-frequency sine waves superimposed on square-wave pressure pulses of varying amplitude was studied. In cats with a patent cochlear aqueduct a pronounced positive pressure change could be induced in the perilymphatic fluid when complex pressure waves were used. The time constants associated with the stabilization of the perilymphatic pressure after the application of pressure complexes were longer than those associated with square-wave pulses alone. The results indicate that the functional patency of the cochlear aqueduct could be influenced by the transmission of complex pressure waves. The results also indicate that when trying to influence the inner ear hydrodynamic balance in patients with Meniere's disease, the effect of complex pressure waves is far superior to the effect of square-wave pressure pulses in patients with an open cochlear aqueduct.
Field‐Scale Mapping of Surface Soil Organic Carbon Using Remotely Sensed Imagery (2000)

The surface soil organic C (SOC) concentration is a useful soil property to map soils, interpret soil properties, and guide fertilizer and agricultural chemical applications. The objective of this study was to determine whether surface SOC concentrations could be predicted from remotely sensed imagery (an aerial photograph of bare surface soil) of a 115‐ha field located in Crisp County, Georgia. The surface SOC concentrations were determined for soil samples taken at 28 field locations. The statistical relationship between surface SOC concentrations and image intensity values in the red, green, and blue bands was fit to a to a logarithm linear equation The distribution of the surface SOC concentrations was predicted with two approaches. The first approach was to apply the relationship to individual pixels and then determine the distribution; the second approach was to classify the image and then apply the relationship to determine the class boundaries and means. Eight levels of surface SOC concentrations were classified in both approaches, and there was good agreement between the two approaches with a probability value near one using a paired t ‐test. The predicted and measured surface SOC concentrations, based on additional soil samples from 31 field locations, were compared using linear regression The surface SOC concentrations were correctly classified in 77.4 and 74.2% of cases for the two approaches. The procedures tested were accurate enough to be used for precision farming applications in agricultural fields.
Laser radar in robotics (1996)

In this paper we describe the basic operating principles of laser radar sensors and the typical algorithms used to process laser radar imagery for robotic applications. We review 12 laser radar sensors to illustrate the variety of systems that have been applied to robotic applications wherein information extracted from the laser radar data is used to automatically control a mechanism or process. Next we describe selected robotic applications in seven areas: autonomous vehicle navigation, walking machine foot placement, automated service vehicles, manufacturing and inspection, automotive, military and agriculture. We conclude with a discussion of the status of laser radar technology and suggest trends we see in the application of laser radar sensors to robotics. Many new applications are expected as the maturity level progresses and system costs are reduced.
Activation of macrophages by food antigens: enhancing effect of gluten on nitric oxide and cytokine production (2000)

Macrophages play an important role in effector mechanisms of various chronic inflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of gluten, the agent inducing celiac disease, and other food antigens on the activation of macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine production were followed as markers of activation, using cultured murine peritoneal macrophages. None of the food antigens tested caused direct inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activation in macrophages. Unlike other food antigens gluten, gliadin, and their proteolytic fragments significantly enhanced NO production when applied together with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), the most efficient being fragments originating from 25- to 45-min peptic digestion. The activation pathway was mediated via direct stimulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion. The NO-enhancing effect was confirmed at the level of iNOS mRNA transcription. In case of sustained local inflammatory reaction connected with increase of IFN-gamma, gluten and its proteolytic fragments may thus elevate NO production. Increased NO level could consequently participate in the development of mucosal lesions in the gut of celiac patients.
Inhibition of MAP2K and GSK3 Signaling Promotes Bovine Blastocyst Development and Epiblast-Associated Expression of Pluripotency Factors1 (2013)

Cells in the mammalian blastocyst segregate into three distinct lineages, namely, trophoblast, hypoblast, and epiblast. During development, these will form extraembryonic and embryonic tissues, respectively. In mouse, only epiblast cells can be directly converted into cultured pluripotent embryonic stem cells, capable of forming all adult cell types. This conversion is promoted by the double inhibition (i.e., 2i) of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (Map2k), antagonizing Fgf signaling, and of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (Gsk3), stimulating the Wnt pathway. We investigated the effect of 2i treatment on lineage segregation and pluripotency-related gene expression in bovine blastocysts. In vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos were cultured in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide or inhibitors of MAP2K (0.4 μM PD0325901) and GSK3 (3 μM CHIR99021) from the zygote (Day 1) stage. Compared to vehicle controls, 2i conditions increased the abundance of cumulus cells in bovine IVF cultures, which compromised blastocyst formation. Following cumulus removal, 2i accelerated blastocyst development and increased inner cell mass (ICM) and trophoblast cell numbers by 30% and 27%, respectively. These developmental and morphological changes were accompanied by alterations in gene expression. Signal inhibition increased transcription of putative epiblast markers NANOG and SOX2 while repressing putative hypoblast marker GATA4. Using microsurgical blastocyst dissection, we found that the increase in NANOG and SOX2 levels was specific to the ICM and not due to ectopic expression in the trophoblast. Expression of other pluripotency-related (POU5F1, KLF4, DPPA3) or trophoblast-enriched (CDX2) genes was not affected. In summary, 2i conditions reprogrammed the transcriptional profile of bovine ICM but not trophoblast cells. By shifting the balance from hypoblast- to epiblast-associated gene expression, 2i culture may prime bovine epiblast for subsequent derivation of pluripotent stem cell cultures.
Cytoskeletal and morphologic impact of cellular oxidant injury. (1986)

The relationship between changes in cell morphology and the cytoskeleton in oxidant injury was examined in the P388D1 cell line. Flow cytometry of cells stained with NBD-phallacidin, a fluorescent probe specific for filamentous (F) actin, revealed a substantial increase in F actin content in H2O2-injured cells over 3-4 hours. Doses of H2O2 as low as 500 microM produced sustained increases in F actin content. Experiments where catalase was used to interrupt H2O2 exposure over a long time course revealed 15-30 minutes to be the critical period of exposure to 5 mM H2O2 necessary for a sustained increase in F actin as well as large increases in membrane blebbing and later cell death. The increase in F actin with H2O2 injury was confirmed with the use of electrophoresis in acrylamide gels of 1% Triton X-100 cytoskeletal extracts from P388D1 cells. Scanning electron microscopy revealed major loss of surface convolutions in addition to the formation of blebs. Fluorescence microscopy of adherent cells using rhodamine phalloidin showed considerable cell rounding and rearrangement of cellular F actin by 30 minutes of exposure to H2O2. Transmission electron microscopy revealed side to side aggregation of F actin bundles (microfilaments) developing during this time. Considerable swelling of mitochondria and other subcellular organelles was seen after 2 hours of injury. The apparent area of attachment to the substrate was markedly diminished in injured cells. H2O2 injury produced a marked increase in F actin with an associated rearrangement of the microfilaments and simultaneous changes in the plasma membrane prior to cell death in the P388D1 cell line.
Changes in Gene Expression in Experimental Glaucoma and Optic Nerve Transection: The Equilibrium between Protective and Detrimental Mechanisms (2007)

Gene expression changes specific to experimental glaucoma injury were identified. The present analysis supports the importance of neuroinflammation and the participation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha signaling pathway in glaucoma injury. The alterations observed include processes that are both protective of and detrimental to the survival of RGCs.