gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous visual event-based time-to-contact (2014)

Reliable and fast sensing of the environment is a fundamental requirement for autonomous mobile robotic platforms. Unfortunately, the frame-based acquisition paradigm at the basis of main stream artificial perceptive systems is limited by low temporal dynamics and redundant data flow, leading to high computational costs. Hence, conventional sensing and relative computation are obviously incompatible with the design of high speed sensor-based reactive control for mobile applications, that pose strict limits on energy consumption and computational load. This paper introduces a fast obstacle avoidance method based on the output of an asynchronous event-based time encoded imaging sensor. The proposed method relies on an event-based Time To Contact (TTC) computation based on visual event-based motion flows. The approach is event-based in the sense that every incoming event adds to the computation process thus allowing fast avoidance responses. The method is validated indoor on a mobile robot, comparing the event-based TTC with a laser range finder TTC, showing that event-based sensing offers new perspectives for mobile robotics sensing.
Blood flow and oxygen consumption with near-infrared spectroscopy and venous occlusion: spatial maps and the effect of time and pressure of inflation (2000)

We have measured the local blood flow (BF) and oxygen consumption (OC) in the human calf muscle using near-infrared spectroscopy during venous occlusion. Venous occlusion was achieved by inflating a pneumatic cuff around the thigh of the subject. We have investigated the influence of the inflation time and cuff pressure on the recovered values of BF and OC. We have found that if the cuff pressure is increased from a threshold pressure (approximately 30 mm Hg) to a critical pressure (approximately 45 mm Hg) in less than about 6 s, one measures the same values of BF and OC independent of the total inflation time and final cuff pressure. We also report nine-pixel spatial maps of BF and OC to show that this technique can lead to spatially resolved measurements of blood flow and oxygen consumption in tissues.
Rediscovering the bioactivity and ecological role of 1,4-benzoxazinones (2009)

Compounds of the (2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one class have attracted the attention of phytochemists since the first isolation of 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA) and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA). Extensive research has been carried out on the isolation and synthesis of these materials as well as on the dynamics of their degradation in different systems. This has led to the discovery of a wide variety of compounds that are of high interest from the point of view of phytotoxic, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antifeedant effects among others. The potential application of benzoxazinones and their derivatives as leads for natural herbicide models is a topic of current interest. Furthermore, the importance of degradation on the ecological behaviour of benzoxazinone-producing plants is also being realised, and proposals concerning the role of the degradation products in chemical defence mechanisms have been put forward. There is also increasing interest in the improvement of analytical methodologies, and ecotoxicologic effects, toxicity on target and non-target organisms, and degradation kinetics are also being addressed. The development of new phytotoxicity bioassay techniques represents one of the most important breakthroughs in this respect. Moreover, benzoxazinones and some of their derivatives have been employed in the development of pharmaceuticals. The versatility of the benzoxazinone skeleton, in addition to its relative chemical simplicity and accessibility, makes these chemicals amongst the most promising sources of bioactive compounds that are natural in origin.
Mitral valve repair or replacement on the beating heart. (2000)

The main advantages of beating heart surgery are: 1) the perfused myocardial muscle, 2) the heart not doing any work, 3) no reperfusion injury, 4) the possibility for ablation of atrial fibrillation on the beating heart, and 5) testing of the mitral valve repair is done in real physiologic conditions in the state of left ventricle beating tonus. The procedure could be the procedure of choice for the valve operation or combined operations in high-risk patients with low ejection fractions.
A simple and cheap end-to-end voice encryption framework over GSM-based networks (2012)

This paper presents a framework for voice encryption over GSM-based networks. To evaluate the framework, we have designed and implemented prototypes. The prototypes support full-duplex communication and real-time communication. To make the prototypes cheap and simple, the RC4 algorithm is utilized to protect digital of voice. The Bluetooth technology is utilized to communicate between the voice encryption prototype and a mobile phone. Because of using Bluetooth link, modification of mobile phone does not need and user interfaces do not need. The preliminary result of the prototype shows that the communication using prototypes is significantly secured and acceptable performance. In addition, the prototypes could be commercial products with very low cost. The cost of one prototype could be less than 40 US dollars.
Glorious Gulf of Mexico: Life Below the Blue (2020)

Jesse Cancelmo. 2016. Glorious Gulf of Mexico: Life Below the Blue. (ISBN-13: 978-1-62349-374-5, flexbind). Texas A&M University Press, John H. Lindsey Building, 4354 Lewis St., College Station, Texas 77843-4354, U.S.A. (Orders: tamupress.com, 1-800-826-8911). $30.00 US, 156 pp., 194 color photos, 5 maps, index, 10 × 11.
Effect of Ultrasonic Dispersion Methods on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Organoclay Epoxy Nanocomposites (2007)

Abstract This report highlights the importance of nanocomposite formation and dispersion upon improvements in properties for high performance epoxy based layered silicate nanocomposites. This is achieved through the preparation of epoxy nanocomposites with varying clay concentrations using ultrasonic and solvent based fabrication and standard shear mixing procedures. Ultrasonication (combined with a solvent), in comparison to shear mixing methods, produces superior nanoscale dispersion according to SEM and TEM. As a result of the improvements in nanoscale dispersion, the corresponding improvements in fracture toughness, strength, strain to failure (compressive and flexural) and char stability are presented. TGA shows that while the initial thermal decomposition process is not affected, the stability of the char layer formed during decomposition increases with improved nanoscale dispersion as well as increasing concentration. The effect of moisture upon the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the epoxy nanocomposites displays some dependence upon the clay dispersion with a modest increase in plasticisation for the sonicated samples. Overall, this work shows that for a high performance epoxy anhydride resin system, significant improvements in key properties can be achieved at low levels of addition if appropriate sonicated dispersion methods can be utilised. magnified image
Protein microarray based on oxidation agarose-gel and enzyme immunoassay (2003)

Objective To investigate protein microarray which are suitable for antigen and antibody immuno detection.Methods Based on molecular assembly technique, the matrix of agarose gel was deposited on the surface of glass plates,followed by drying, oxidation with NaIO 4 and cross linking with glutaraldehyde.The gel matrix membrane provided double functions with molecular layer, and aldehyde group devired from the surface linked with amino groups in various antigens (recombinant peptides, phospholipid and DNA, etc.),antibodies as well as horseradish peroxydase to form steady Shiff base coupled by covalent bond.Results The biomolecules microarrays were prepared on the basis of the above priciples.The optimum spoting concentration of IgG molecular was 100μg/ml and the sample volume was 50nl.Through several experimentai patterns,an enzyme immunoassay system was successfully developed on the surface of gel matrix. The microarrays could be used for detection of antigens, antibodies,and the interaction of enzyme with its substrate.Conclusions The main advantage of this microarray was highly economical in the use of speciments and reagents, and was performing autoantibodies of massive parallel analysis. Since the enzyme substrate (HRP DAB H 2O 2)was served as the indicator system of signals, the results were directly visible and more stable as in comparison with fluorescent immunoassay. This technique was more practical and broad applications.
<strong>A implementação e o estudo de redes neurais artificiais em ferramentas de software comerciais</strong><br> DOI: 10.5585/exacta.v6i1.810 (2009)

Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem da implementação de redes neurais artificiais em ferramentas de software comerciais, possibilitando o estudo e a avaliação de sistemas inteligentes voltados para fins acadêmicos, ou ainda, para profissionais que atuam em diversas áreas do conhecimento, auxiliando-os no processo de tomada de decisão. A metodologia de implementação de uma rede neural em ferramenta de software como o Microsoft Excel® e os seus resultados são apresentados neste trabalho.
Integrated guided wave generation and sensing using a single laser source and optical fibers (2010)

This study proposes an integrated lead zirconate titanate/fiber Bragg grating (PZT/FBG) system that can generate and measure guided waves for structural health monitoring (SHM) using a common laser source and optical cables. Among various SHM devices used for guided wave generation and sensing, PZT transducers and FBG sensors have been widely used because of their light weight, non-intrusive nature and compactness. To take the best advantage of the merits of these SHM devices, a combination of PZT-based guided wave generation and FBG-based sensing has been attempted by some researchers. However, the existing hybrid approaches have two independent systems: a wave generation system using electrical devices and a sensing system with optical devices. We have developed a fully integrated PZT/FBG system that uses a single laser source and optical cables. This system can alleviate problems associated with conventional electrical cables, such as electromagnetic interference, signal attenuation and vulnerability to noise. A tunable laser, the common power source for guided wave generation and sensing, is modulated and amplified to excite PZT. This laser is also used with FBG sensors for measuring high-speed strain changes induced by guided waves. The feasibility of this system has been experimentally demonstrated using an aluminum plate.
Supply and Demand Coordination in Energy Adaptive Computing (2010)

The increasing power consumption of computing infrastructure and power density in computing devices is becoming a major concern from a variety of perspectives ranging from Moore's Law scaling to sustainability. Addressing these concerns results in designs that are much leaner in terms of their energy, power and thermal capabilities, and thus require much smarter control to stay within the provided budgets. This leads to the notion of energy adaptive computing where the power management needs to go well beyond energy efficiency and handle situations of insufficient energy via a variety of adaptation techniques. In this paper we address the problem of simultaneous power demand and supply regulation for multilevel systems such as data centers. We expose challenges in such controls and examine the performance of a simple control scheme designed to provide a stable control via demand migrations.
MFG-E8 Regulates Microglial Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Neurons (2008)

Phagocytosis is an essential mechanism for clearance of pathogens, dying cells, and other unwanted debris in order to maintain tissue health in the body. Macrophages execute this process in the peripheral immune system but in the brain microglia act as resident macrophages to accomplish this function. In the peripheral immune system, macrophages secrete Milk Fat Globule Factor-E8 (MFG-E8) that recognizes phosphatidylserine "eat me" signals expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells. MFG-E8 then acts as a tether to attach the apoptotic cell to the macrophage and trigger a signaling cascade that stimulates the phagocyte development, allowing the macrophage to engulf the dying cell. When this process becomes disrupted, inflammation and autoimmunity can result. MFG-E8 resides in the brain as well as in the periphery, and microglia express MFG-E8. However, the function of MFG-E8 in the brain has not been elucidated. We measured MFG-E8 production in the BV-2 microglial cell line and the role of this protein in the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. BV-2 cells produced and released MFG-E8, which apoptotic SY5Y cells and the chemokine fractalkine further stimulated. Furthermore, MFG-E8 increased phagocytosis of apoptotic SY5Y cells, and a dominant negative form of MFG-E8 inhibited phagocytosis by BV-2 cells. Finally, brain MFG-E8 levels were altered in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Our data suggest that MFG-E8 acts in the brain via microglia to aid in clearance of apoptotic neurons, and we hypothesize that a dysregulation of this process may be involved in neurodegenerative disease.
<b>The Synthesis of <b><i>d,l</i></b>-β-Santalene and <b><i>d,l</i></b>-<b><i>epi</i></b>-β-Santalene by Stereospecific Routes</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of d,l-β-Santalene and d,l-epi-β-Santalene by Stereospecific RoutesE. J. Corey, R. Hartmann, and P. A. VatakencherryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 13, 2611–2614Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1962https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00872a028RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views389Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (556 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Complex-Valued Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Detection in PolSAR data (2010)

Detection methods for generic object categories, which are more sophisticated than pixel-wise classification, have been rarely introduced to polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images. Despite the great success in other computer vision applications, the transfer to PolSAR data has been delayed due to the different statistical properties. This paper provides a first investigation of Complex-Valued Convolutional Neural Networks (CC-NN) for object recognition in PolSAR data. Although an architecture with only one single convolutional layer was used, the results are already superior to those obtained by a standard complex-valued neural network.
Classification of human liver transplant recipients by their preoperative CD8+ T cell subpopulation and its relation to outcome (2006)

The primed status of T cells is markedly different among liver transplant recipients, due to a lifetime of antigen exposure and reduced thymopoiesis by aging, and diseases. This study aims to characterize the preoperative immunological status of CD8+ T cell subpopulations and relate it to the outcome for liver transplant recipients. We classified 112 liver transplant recipients into 5 groups, based on hierarchical clustering of the CD8+CD45 isoform proportion of T cells. In Groups I and II (pediatric), the naive T cell proportion was more than 50%. In adult recipients, Group III was characterized by a naive T cell proportion of 50%, Group IV had the greatest effector/memory T cells (EM), and Group V had the greatest proportion of effector T cells. In Groups IV and V, the effector T cell proportion was considerably higher, and was accompanied by marked downregulation of the CD27+CD28+ subsets and upregulation of interferon gamma (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and perforin expression. Group V recipients tended to be complicated postoperatively, with a significantly reduced survival rate (1 yr, 66.8%) and markedly reduced Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.
Ras Promotes Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β)-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via a Leukotriene B4 Receptor-2-linked Cascade in Mammary Epithelial Cells (2014)

Inflammation and inflammatory mediators are inextricably linked with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through complex pathways in the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism by which inflammatory mediators, such as the lipid inflammatory mediators, eicosanoids, contribute to EMT is largely unknown. In the present study we observed that BLT2, leukotriene B4 receptor-2, is markedly up-regulated by oncogenic Ras and promotes EMT in response to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in mammary epithelial cells. Blockade of BLT2 by the BLT2 inhibitor LY255283 or by siRNA reduced EMT induced by Ras in the presence of TGF-β. In addition, stimulation of BLT2 by the addition of a BLT2 ligand, such as leukotriene B4, restored EMT in the presence of TGF-β in human immortalized mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells. We further searched BLT2 downstream components and identified reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor κB as critical components that contribute to EMT. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that a BLT2-linked inflammatory pathway contributes to EMT. This provides valuable insight into the mechanism of EMT in mammary epithelial cells. In addition, considering the implications of EMT with the stemness of cancer cells, our finding may contribute to a better understanding of tumor progression.
Measurement of the Short-Term Stability of Quartz Crystal Resonators and the Implications for Crystal Oscillator Design and Applications (1975)

A new technique is presented which makes it possible to measure the inherent short-term stability of quartz crystal resonators in a passive circuit. Comparisons with stability measurements made on crystal controlled oscillators indicate that noise in the electronics of the oscillators very seriously degrades the inherent stability of the quartz resonators for times less than 1 s. A simple model appears to describe the noise mechanism in crystal controlled oscillators and points the way to design changes which should improve their short-term stability by two orders of magnitude. Calculations are outlined which show that with this improved short-term stability it should be feasible to multiply a crystal controlled source to 1 THz and obtain a linewidth of less than 1 Hz. In many cases, this improved short-term stability should also permit a factor of 100 reduction in the length of time necessary to achieve a given level of accuracy in frequency measurements.
The proactive security toolkit and applications (1999)

Existing security mechanisms focus on prevention of penetrations, detection of a penetration and (manual) recovery tools Indeed attackers focus their penetration efforts on breaking into critical modules, and on avoiding detection of the attack. As a result, security tools and procedures may cause the attackers to lose control over a specific module (computer, account), since the attacker would rather lose control than risk detection of the attack. While controlling the module, attacker may learn critical secret information or modify the module that make it much easier for the attacker to regain control over that module later. Recent results in cryptography give some hope of improving this situation; they show that many fundamental security tasks can be achieved with proactive security. Proactive security does not assume that there is any module completely secure against penetration Instead, we assume that at any given time period (day, week,.), a sufficient number of the modules in the system are secure (not penetrated). The results obtained so far include some of the most important cryptographic primitives such as signatures, secret sharing, and secure communication However, there was no usable implementation, and several critical issues (for actual use) were not addressed
The efficacy and safety of efinaconazole 10% solution for treatment of mild to moderate onychomycosis: a pooled analysis of two phase 3 randomized trials. (2014)

The findings from this pooled analysis suggest that efinaconazole 10% solution may become the preferred topical agent for mild to moderate onychomycosis.
Control of Prostate Cancer with Radiotherapy: Long-Term Results (1994)

The long-term outcome for 1,245 patients with carcinoma of the prostate treated with external beam radiation therapy is presented. The median survival for all patients without evidence of distant metastases but irrespective of T stage of the primary tumor, histopathological grade or lymph node status was 10 years compared to 15 years for an age-matched cohort of California men. The cause specific survival at 15 years was 52%. The data base is subdivided into a series of subsets that demonstrate the impact of T stage, Gleason pattern score and lymph node involvement on long-term outcome. The best results were shown in stages T1 and T2a cases with histopathologically proved negative lymph nodes. Survival at 15 years was 53%, which was essentially identical to the 55% survival rate of an age-matched cohort. The actuarial survival at 15 years for all stages T1 and T2N0M0 cancer patients was 45% compared to 56% for an age-matched cohort.
Controlling synchro-drive robots with the dynamic window approach to collision avoidance (2002)

This paper proposes the dynamic window approach to reactive collision avoidance for mobile robots equipped with synchro-drives. The approach is derived directly from the motion dynamics of the robot and is therefore particularly well-suited for robots operating at high speed. It differs from previous approaches in that the search for commands controlling the translational and rotational velocity of the robot is carried out directly in the space of velocities. The advantage of our approach is that it correctly and in a rigorous way incorporates the dynamics of the robot. This is done by reducing the search space to the dynamic window, which consists of the velocities reachable within a short time interval. Within the dynamic window the approach only considers admissible velocities yielding a trajectory on which the robot is able to stop safely. Among these velocities the combination of translational and rotational velocity is chosen by maximizing an objective function. The objective function includes a measure of progress towards a goal location, the forward velocity of the robot, and the distance to the next obstacle on the trajectory. In extensive experiments the approach presented here has been found to safely control our mobile robot RHINO with speeds of up to 95 cm/sec, in populated and dynamic environments.