gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Natural History of Flare-Ups in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP): A Comprehensive Global Assessment (2015)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) leads to disabling heterotopic ossification (HO) from episodic flare-ups. However, the natural history of FOP flare-ups is poorly understood. A 78-question survey on FOP flare-ups, translated into 15 languages, was sent to 685 classically-affected patients in 45 countries (six continents). Five hundred patients or knowledgeable informants responded (73%; 44% males, 56% females; ages: 1 to 71 years; median: 23 years). The most common presenting symptoms of flare-ups were swelling (93%), pain (86%), or decreased mobility (79%). Seventy-one percent experienced a flare-up within the preceding 12 months (52% spontaneous; 48% trauma-related). Twenty-five percent of those who had received an intramuscular injection reported an immediate flare-up at the injection site, 84% of whom developed HO. Axial flare-ups most frequently involved the back (41.6%), neck (26.4%), or jaw (19.4%). Flare-ups occurred more frequently in the upper limbs before 8 years of age, but more frequently in the lower limbs thereafter. Appendicular flare-ups occurred more frequently at proximal than at distal sites without preferential sidedness. Seventy percent of patients reported functional loss from a flare-up. Thirty-two percent reported complete resolution of at least one flare-up and 12% without any functional loss (mostly in the head or back). The most disabling flare-ups occurred at the shoulders or hips. Surprisingly, 47% reported progression of FOP without obvious flare-ups. Worldwide, 198 treatments were reported; anti-inflammatory agents were most common. Seventy-five percent used short-term glucocorticoids as a treatment for flare-ups at appendicular sites. Fifty-five percent reported that glucocorticoids improved symptoms occasionally whereas 31% reported that they always did. Only 12% reported complete resolution of a flare-up with glucocorticoids. Forty-three percent reported rebound symptoms within 1 to 7 days after completing a course of glucocorticoids. This study is the first comprehensive global assessment of FOP flare-ups and establishes a critical foundation for the design and evaluation of future clinical trials.
Synthesis of Aromatic-Rich Gasoline-Range Hydrocarbons from Biomass-Derived Syngas over a Pd-Promoted Fe/HZSM-5 Catalyst (2014)

The production of aromatic-rich gasoline-range hydrocarbons from wood biomass-derived syngas (biosyngas) was studied by the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) over a Pd-promoted Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst. The Pd promoter enhances the catalytic performance of the Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst and promotes the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The reaction conditions, i.e., temperature, pressure, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV), significantly affected the aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity. The higher reaction temperature leads to the higher selectivity toward aromatics in liquid hydrocarbon products. An increase in the reaction pressure also favors the formation of aromatics, but its effect is not as significant as that of the reaction temperature. GHSV has a negative effect on the formation of aromatics because of the short-time contact of the reactant gas with the catalyst. The aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity ranges from 29 to 45%, which is dependent upon the reaction conditions. Aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly composed of xylenes and trimethyl, tetramethyl, and 1,2-dimethyl-3-ethyl benzenes. This study indicates that the Pd-promoted Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst can efficiently convert the biosyngas to aromatic-rich gasoline-range hydrocarbons.
6.4: Image Scaling at Rational Ratios for High‐Resolution LCD Monitors (2000)

Abstract We propose a new scaling technology, called “Expansion Scaling with Complementary Outlining on Rule‐based Trace (ESCORT),” which expands the digital video image at rational ratios. ESCORT has been developed with targeting the computer screen images and gives superior legibility at the expansion ratios less than two whose ratios are required in high‐resolution LCDs.
Bubble size effect on effervescent atomization. (2011)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. July 2011. Major: Mechanical Engineering. Advisor: Dr. Paul J. Strykowski. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 149 pages, appendix A.
Measurement of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin levels in cancer and non-cancer tissue in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2004)

In a recent experiment, we discovered that liver tissue adjacent to HCC can also produce des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP). The goal of this study was to advance measurements of DCP levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-cancer tissues using an electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and immunohistochemistry, and to assess their clinical significance. DCP levels in HCC tissues ranged from 0.7 to 209862.4 mAU/0.1 g tissue weight, with a median of 492.6 mAU/0.1 g. DCP levels in non-cancer tissues ranged from 0 to 2329.9 mAU/0.1 g tissue weight, with a median of 88.8 mAU/0.1 g. DCP levels in cell membranes were significantly higher than in the cytoplasm (p<0.001). DCP levels in HCC tissue were significantly higher than in non-cancer tissue (p<0.001). The logarithm of serum DCP levels correlated not only with that of DCP levels in HCC tissues (p=0.019), but also with that in non-cancer tissues (p=0.020), and the total DCP level of liver tissues (p=0.016). The logarithm of DCP levels in HCC tissues correlated with that of DCP levels in non-cancer tissues (p=0.011). DCP levels in HCC tissue with portal vein invasion were significantly greater than in HCC tissues without portal vein invasion (p=0.028). DCP levels in non-cancer tissues with intrahepatic metastatic lesions were significantly higher than in non-cancer tissues without intrahepatic metastatic lesions (p=0.023). Our results suggest that the origin of elevated serum DCP may lie not only in HCC tissue, but in non-cancer tissue. The existence of HCC may influence production of DCP in non-cancer tissue. Tissue DCP may be a prognostic factor, while increased DCP levels in non-cancer tissues may play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Activation of a novel KpnI transcript by downstream integration of a human T-lymphotropic virus type I provirus. (1986)

A cDNA library was constructed from the HUT102 cell line established from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and screened for cDNA clones that contain (i) cellular sequences abundantly expressed in HUT102 cells and not in the virus-negative T-cell line HUT78, and (ii) viral long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences either in the 5' end or in the 3' end. One such cDNA clone, KT1, was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined. It contains three regions: a KpnI repeat, a unique cellular region (UCR), and the U3 + R sequence of the human T-lymphotropic virus type I LTR. The arrangement of this clone suggests that its RNA transcript was activated by provirus integration in cis, possibly by the activity of a downstream provirus enhancer. Analysis of HUT102 DNA shows that one allele of the KT1 UCR is rearranged. The expression of the KT1 UCR is unique to HUT102. These data are consistent with the idea that the human T-lymphotropic virus type I LTR contains an enhancer which can activate upstream sequences in cis. The possible significance of this finding is discussed.
3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase. Purification, properties, and kinetics of the tyrosine-sensitive isoenzyme from Escherichia coli. (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><div><div>The <span style="font-style: italic;">Growing Up in Scotland</span> (GUS) study is a large-scale longitudinal social survey which follows the lives of several groups of Scottish children from infancy through childhood and adolescence. It aims to provide important information on children, young people and their families in Scotland. The study forms a central part of the Scottish Government's strategy for the long-term monitoring and evaluation of its policies for children and young people, with a specific focus on the early years. The study seeks both to describe the characteristics, circumstances and experiences of children in their early years in Scotland and, through its longitudinal design, to generate a better understanding of how children's start in life can shape their longer term prospects and development</div><div><br></div><div>Since 2005 fieldwork has been undertaken by the Scottish Centre for Social Research. The survey design for Birth Cohort 1 consisted of recruiting the parents of an initial total of 5,217 children aged 10 months old in 2005 and interviewing them annually until their child reached age six. Further fieldwork was then undertaken at ages 8, 10, 12, 14 and 17-18 with a sample boost added at age 12.</div><br>Data for sweeps 1-9 were collected via an in-home, face-to-face interview with self-complete sections. Fieldwork for sweep 10 was disrupted due to the COVID pandemic. As a result, the final portion of the data was collected via web and telephone questionnaires. Sweep 11 data were gathered via web, telephone and face-to-face surveys of cohort members and their parent/carer.</div><div><br>Further information about the survey may be found on the <a href="https://growingupinscotland.org.uk/" target="_blank">Growing Up in Scotland</a> website.<br><br>In May 20205, data and documentation for Cohort 1, Sweeps 1-11 were released as individual studies (SNs 9373-9383 and 9386-9387). Previously they were held under one study (SN 5760) which has been withdrawn from the data catalogue.<br><br></div>
Highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance optical biosensor based on the use of differential phase Mach-Zehnder interferometer (2004)

We propose a novel differential phase technique for improving the performance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor systems. Typical prism-coupled schemes use a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to analyze the phase change caused by the SPR effect. In the conventional case, since the probe beam and the reference beam are required to separate into two different optical paths, mechanical drift and vibrations introduces a high level of unwanted noise. In the new scheme, we use a differential phase sensing technique, which means that both the probe beam and reference beam traverse identical optical paths in the system. Experimental results obtained from water/glycerin mixtures show good measurement sensitivity (5.48 /spl times/ 10/sup -8/ refractive index unit) thus demonstrating the performance merit of our technique.
Generation of synchronized cw trains of picosecond pulses at two independently tunable wavelengths (1978)

We report the generation of synchronized trains of picosecond pulses at two independently tunable wavelengths from cw mode-locked dye lasers, synchronously pumped by a mode-locked argon-ion laser (pulse width∼100 psec). This has been achieved both by two-wavelength operation of a single Rhodamine 6G dye laer and by synchronously pumping two independent (Rh-6G) dye lasers. For both cases, with typical pulse widths of ≈ 5 psec at two independently tunable wavelengths, cross-correlation measurements indicate good synchronization, with a jitter of less than ∼10 psec between the two pulse trains.
An Efficient Approach to Azolyl‐Substituted Steroids through Copper‐Catalyzed Ullmann C–N Coupling (2013)

Abstract Ullmann‐type C–N coupling of vinyliodides and nitrogen heterocycles has been shown to be a straightforward and highly efficient approach to azolyl‐substituted steroids. The amination reaction proved sensitive to steric effects exerted by the substituents in both iodide and heterocycle. The influence of reaction conditions (catalyst, base, solvent, and temperature) on conversion of the iodosteroid and the selectivity was investigated. The catalytic system comprising 10 mol‐% CuI and 20 mol‐% dipivaloylmethane with K 2 CO 3 in dimethyl sulfoxide at 100 °C delivered the best result. The elaborated protocol has permitted iodosteroids with various substituted indoles, imidazoles, carbazole, indazole, and sec‐amides to be coupled, affording the corresponding azolyl‐substituted steroids in good to excellent yields.
Reovirus therapy of lymphoid malignancies (2002)

Reoviruses infect cells that manifest an activated Ras-signaling pathway, and have been shown to effectively destroy many different types of neoplastic cells, including those derived from brain, breast, colon, ovaries, and prostate. In this study, we investigated the reovirus as a potential therapeutic agent against lymphoid malignancies. A total of 9 lymphoid cell lines and 27 primary human lymphoid malignancies, as well as normal lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, were tested for susceptibility to reovirus infection. For in vitro studies, the cells were challenged with reovirus (serotype 3 Dearing), and viral infection was assessed by cytopathic effects, viability, viral protein synthesis, and progeny virus production. We present evidence of efficient reovirus infection and cell lysis in the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines and Burkitt lymphoma cell lines Raji and CA46 but not Daudi, Ramos, or ST486. Moreover, when Raji and Daudi cell lines were grown subcutaneously in severe combined immunodeficient/nonobese diabetic (SCID/NOD) mice and subsequently injected with reovirus intratumorally or intravenously, significant regression was observed in the Raji-induced, but not the Daudi-induced, tumors, which is consistent with the in vitro results. Susceptibility to reovirus infection was also detected in 21 of the 27 primary lymphoid neoplasias tested but not in the normal lymphocytes or hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Our results suggest that reovirus may be an effective agent against several types of human lymphoid malignancies.
Expression Hybridization Assays Combining cDNAs from Firefly and <i>Renilla</i> Luciferases as Labels for Simultaneous Determination of Two Target Sequences (2000)

Two cDNAs encoding firefly luciferase (FLuc) and Renilla luciferase (RLuc) were used as labels for the development of a microtiter well-based expression hybridization assay that allows simultaneous determination of two target DNA sequences. The target DNAs were denatured and hybridized with specific capture and detection probes. One detection probe was biotinylated while the other was tailed with poly(dT). The hybrids were reacted with a streptavidin-FLuc DNA complex and a poly(dA)-tailed RLuc DNA, respectively. Subsequently, the cDNA labels were expressed in vitro simultaneously and independently in the same transcription/translation reaction mixture. The activities of generated firefly and Renilla luciferases were co-determined in the same sample based on the differential requirements of their characteristic bioluminescent reactions for magnesium ions.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE VERRUCARINIC ACID DERIVATIVES (1983)

Abstract Das Cyclopentendiol (Ia) wird in das Monobenzoat (Ib) übergeführt, aus dem in der angedeuteten Weise das Lacton (VII) erhalten wird.
Influence of the microstructure on the corrosion behavior of magnetron sputter-quenched amorphous metallic alloys (1983)

Numerous amorphous metallic alloys exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in acidic and/or basic aqueous solutions, mainly due to the absence of grain boundaries and other structural defects in the homogeneous phase. However, the microstructure and surface texture of the films, and thus their corrosion behavior, strongly depend on the quenching atmosphere, presure, and other deposition parameters. In this paper, we report the microstructure and corrosion behavior of magnetron sputter deposited amorphous metallic films of (Mo60Ru40)82B18 under varying sputtering atmospheres (e.g., Ar, Ar+O2 and Ar+N2 gas mixtures). Their microstructural details and topology have been studied by scanning electron microscopy and correlated with the deposition conditions. For example, films deposited in argon pressure in excess of 5 μm or in the presence of O2 (∼2 μm) in Ar (∼5 μm) exhibit columnar growth patterns, whereas addition of N2 (∼2 μm) in Ar (∼5 μm) seems to trigger crystallization of the deposits. The deposition kinetics can be understood with the help of the growth model proposed by Thornton. The influence of the microstructure and surface texture on the corrosion behavior is also discussed.
Therapeutic options for chronic myeloid leukemia: focus on imatinib (Glivec, Gleevectrade mark). (2008)

Treatment options for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have changed dramatically during the last decades. Interferon-alpha treatment and stem cell transplantation (SCT) clearly improved survival over conventional chemotherapy and offered the possibility of complete and durable responses. With the advent of the small molecule inhibitor imatinib mesylate (Glivec((R)), Gleevectrade mark) targeting the causative Bcr-Abl oncoprotein, the era of molecular cancer therapy began with remarkable success especially in chronic phase patients. Today, imatinib is the first-line treatment for CML. However, imatinib does not appear to be capable to eliminate all leukemia cells in the patients and pre-existing as well as acquired resistance to the drug has been increasingly recognized. To overcome these problems, several strategies involving dose escalation, combinations with other agents, and novel Bcr-Abl inhibitors have been developed.
<scp>HLA</scp> typing by next‐generation sequencing – getting closer to reality (2014)

Next generation sequencing (NGS) denotes novel sequencing technologies that enable the generation of a large number of clonal sequences in a single sequencing run. NGS was initially introduced for whole genome sequencing and for quantitation of viral variants or genetic mutations in tumor tissues; more recently, the potential for high resolution HLA typing and high throughput analyses has been explored. It became clear that the complexity of the HLA system implicates new challenges, especially for bioinformatics. From an economical point of view, NGS is becoming increasingly attractive for HLA typing laboratories currently relying on Sanger based sequencing. Realizing the full potential of NGS will require the development of specifically adapted typing strategies and software algorithms. In the present review, three laboratories that were among the first to perform HLA-typing using different NGS platforms, the Roche 454, the Illumina Miseq and the Ion Torrent system, respectively, give an overview of these applications and point out advantages and limitations.
Resenha: Galizoni, Flávia Maria. A terra construída: família, trabalho e ambiente no Alto do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. Fortaleza: Editora do Banco do Nordeste, 2000 (2014)

Este livro foi produzido a partir da dissertação de mestrado defendida pela antropóloga Flávia Galizoni na Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências da USP, em 2000, sob a orientação de Renato Queiroz. A autora mostra os resultados de uma interessante pesquisa de antropologia rural, buscando compreender a relação da população do alto rio Jequitinhonha (Nordeste de MG) e o seu ambiente natural, fruto de uma convivência antiga, nem sempre pacífica, mas até então duradoura. Tais adjetivos podem ser usados também para qualificar a relação da autora com o Vale do Jequitinhonha: a pesquisa nasceu após anos de vivência no local e trabalho com comunidades rurais. Provavelmente daí surge o cuidado e o detalhamento dos casos levantados ao longo do texto, o que é propiciado também pela facilidade com que ela transita entre a teoria e a prática. O livro busca a compreensão de grupos de agricultores através de três eixos: terra e ambiente, família e migrações. A autora selecionou estes focos seguindo a trilha de autores como Wolf (1976), Boserup (1987), Holanda (1957) e Brandão (1981), entre outros citados ao longo do texto. A partir de uma pesquisa exploratória sobre os três eixos, foram identificadas as perguntas a serem respondidas e construiu-se a base para a realização da etnografia, baseada em trabalho de campo.
Activity Determination, Kinetic Analyses and Isoenzyme Identification of Gamma Glutamyltransferase in Human Neutrophils (2005)

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) which hydrolyzes glutathione (GSH), is required for the maintenance of normal intracellular GSH concentration. GGT is a membrane enzyme present in leukocytes and platelets. Its activity has also been observed in human neutrophils. In this study, GGT was purified from Triton X-100 solubilized neutrophils and its kinetic parameters were determined. For kinetic analyses of transpeptidation reaction, gamma-glutamyl p-nitroanilide was used as the substrate and glycylglycine as the acceptor. Apparent K(m) values were determined as 1.8 mM for gamma-glutamyl p-nitroanilide and 16.9 mM for glycylglycine. The optimum pH of GGT activity was 8.2 and the optimum temperature was 37 degrees C. It had thermal stability with 58 % relative activity at 56 degrees C for 30 min incubation. L-serine, in the presence of borate, was detected as the competitive inhibitor. Bromcresol green inhibited neutrophil GGT activity as a noncompetitive inhibitor. The neutrophils seem to contain only the isoenzyme that is present in platelets. We characterized the kinetic properties and compared the type of the isoenzyme of neutrophil GGT with platelet GGT via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) under a standard set of conditions.
Diagnosis and Identification of Gastric<i>Helicobacter</i>Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Dogs (1999)

Helicobacter spp. are almost ubiquitously present in the stomach of dogs. Various Helicobacter species have been isolated, however, their identification by routine diagnostic methods is impossible, culture is cumbersome and not sensitive. We developed and validated a PCR assay based on amplification of the urease B gene for the detection of Helicobacter species in gastric biopsy specimens of dogs against a set of established invasive and non-invasive detection methods. Altogether, urease B gene PCR had a sensitivity of 98% identifying 59 of 60 infected dogs in a series of 65 dogs. Direct identification of helicobacters present in gastric biopsies was obtained by species-specific PCR based on the urease gene with a newly developed PCR for H. bizzozeronii/H. salomonis and in established PCR assays for H. felis and ' H. heilmannii '. In the 59 dogs positive by the urease B gene PCR the colonizing Helicobacter was identified by species specific PCR and/or culture as H. bizzozeronii/H. salomonis in nineteen, ' H. heilmannii ' in twelve, H. felis in seven and a Helicobacter sp. in two; no identification was obtained in 31 dogs and a double infection was found in six dogs. Results of species-specific PCR were concordant with conventional and molecular identification of Helicobacter strains isolated in six culture positive dogs. These findings indicate that urease B gene PCR is accurate in diagnosing a helicobacteriosis in dogs, and that various Helicobacter species can reliably be identified by species specific urease PCR. Keywords: canine, spiral organisms, urease gene, histology.