gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-Fidelity Conformation of Graphene to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>SiO</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Topographic Features (2010)

High-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy of SiO2 reveals previously unresolved roughness at the few-nm length scale, and scanning tunneling microscopy of graphene on SiO2 shows graphene to be slightly smoother than the supporting SiO2 substrate. A quantitative energetic analysis explains the observed roughness of graphene on SiO2 as extrinsic, and a natural result of highly conformal adhesion. Graphene conforms to the substrate down to the smallest features with nearly 99% fidelity, indicating conformal adhesion can be highly effective for strain engineering of graphene.
Circularly Polarized Stacked Annular-Ring Microstrip Antenna With Integrated Feeding Network for UHF RFID Readers (2010)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A novel circularly polarized (CP) annular-ring microstrip antenna (ARMSA) is proposed for American ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) readers. The annular ring is fed by an equal-split power divider with 90$^{\circ}$ phase difference. For the compactness of the entire antenna, the divider with the shape of Archimedes gradual-change lines is designed at the inside of the annular ring. A circular parasitic patch is suspended above the ring to improve the impedance matching and bandwidth. It also enhances the performances of axial ratio (AR). The impedance bandwidth for ${\rm S} _{11} < -10~$dB and 3-dB AR bandwidth are 870967 MHz (10.6% at 915 MHz) and 893948 MHz (6%), respectively. The CP gain is 8.9 dBi at 915 MHz with the front-to-back ratio (F/B) of 16.5 dB. The proposed antenna is low profile as the total height is $0.043 \lambda _{0}$ ($\lambda_{0}$ is the free-space wavelength ). </para>
Associations of Psychosocial Factors With Heart Rate and Its Short-Term Variability: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2008)

These findings generally support the hypothesis that depression may be associated with increased HR and reduced HR variability, which increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Digital coherent receiver based on parallel optical sampling (2010)

We propose a coherent receiver scheme exploiting optical sampling to overcome the speed limitations of electronic analog-to-digital converters. Transmission of 56GBd quadrature phase-shift keying signals over 610km standard single-mode fiber and coherent detection with electronic impairment mitigation is demonstrated.
A knowledge-based system for arrhythmia detection (2002)

Current arrhythmia detectors perform well on patients who have stable normal QRS complex morphologies and distinct ventricular QRS complex morphologies in clean ECG signals. However when normal QRS complex morphologies are not stable and/or noise is present, these arrhythmia detectors perform poorly. The result is an intolerable number of false positive arrhythmia alarms and some missed arrhythmias. Thus, there is a tremendous need for a highly sensitive and accurate arrhythmia detector. In this work, we have developed such a highly sensitive and accurate arrhythmia detector. We employed a set of features used by clinicians to classify ECG beats. These features are obtained from single or multiple ECG channels as available. The posterior probability of a class given a feature was used to represent the classification knowledge. This knowledge is derived from a subset of the MIT-BIH database. The new arrhythmia detector was tested on both the MIT-BIH and AHA databases. It exhibited a significant improvement over the existing state-of-the-art arrhythmia detector.
Examination of the breakdown site in new and aged polyethylene insulated cables (2003)

Discharges have been monitored and located in short lengths of cable tested to breakdown. These tests have been used to detect prebreakdown deterioration. The discharge location system is novel and has enabled limited energy breakdown sites to be located. Not all the breakdowns were initiated at the region of the inner screen boundary. In short-term tests to breakdown on new and dry aged cables at a maximum field of 30 MV/m there was no gradual increase in the discharge level above the detection limit of 1 pC. It appears possible that ageing with applied voltage at ambient temperature can improve the breakdown strength.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Practical implementation of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-laser-coupled quantum heat engine (2005)

We show how it is possible to improve the efficiency of a laser system by adding a classical heat engine cycle to the laser's gaseous working media that can recover both thermal and internal waste energy from the gas. Experimental implementation of a pulsed $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ laser combined with a gas expansion cycle is discussed.
A 1 V 88 dB 20 kHz ΣΔ modulator in 90 nm CMOS (2004)

A third-order single-loop SC /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator is realized in a standard 90 nm digital CMOS technology. The modulator achieves 88 dB dynamic range for a 20 kHz signal bandwidth with an OSR of 100. Power consumption is 140 /spl mu/W from a 1 V supply, and the chip core size is 0.18 mm/sup 2/.
A New Detection Approach for the Fingerprint Core Location Using Extended Relation Graph (2005)

This paper describes a new approach to detect a fingerprint core location using the extended relational graph, which is generated by the segmentation of the ridge directional image. The extended relational graph presents the adjacency between segments of the directional image and the boundary information between segments of the directional image. The boundary curves generated by the boundary information in the extended relational graph is approximated to the straight lines. The fingerprint core location is calculated as center of the gravity in the points of intersection of these approximated lines. Experimental results show that 90.8% of the 130 fingerprint samples are succeeded to detect the core location.
Solving the TCP-Incast Problem with Application-Level Scheduling (2012)

Data center networks are characterized by high link speeds, low propagation delays, small switch buffers, and temporally clustered arrivals of many concurrent TCP flows fulfilling data transfer requests. However, the combination of these features can lead to transient buffer overflow and bursty packet losses, which in turn lead to TCP retransmission timeouts that degrade the performance of short-lived flows. This so-called TCP-incast problem can cause TCP throughput collapse. In this paper, we explore an application-level approach for solving this problem. The key idea of our solution is to coordinate the scheduling of short-lived TCP flows so that no data loss happens. We develop a mathematical model of lossless data transmission, and estimate the maximum good put achievable in data center networks. The results indicate non-monotonic good put that is highly sensitive to specific parameter configurations in the data center network. We validate our model using ns-2 network simulations, which show good correspondence with the theoretical results.
Software defined networking-based vehicular Adhoc Network with Fog Computing (2015)

Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETs) have been attracted a lot of research recent years. Although VANETs are deployed in reality offering several services, the current architecture has been facing many difficulties in deployment and management because of poor connectivity, less scalability, less flexibility and less intelligence. We propose a new VANET architecture called FSDN which combines two emergent computing and network paradigm Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Fog Computing as a prospective solution. SDN-based architecture provides flexibility, scalability, programmability and global knowledge while Fog Computing offers delay-sensitive and location-awareness services which could be satisfy the demands of future VANETs scenarios. We figure out all the SDN-based VANET components as well as their functionality in the system. We also consider the system basic operations in which Fog Computing are leveraged to support surveillance services by taking into account resource manager and Fog orchestration models. The proposed architecture could resolve the main challenges in VANETs by augmenting Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to-Base Station communications and SDN centralized control while optimizing resources utility and reducing latency by integrating Fog Computing. Two use-cases for non-safety service (data streaming) and safety service (Lane-change assistance) are also presented to illustrate the benefits of our proposed architecture.
The cervical bruit: Sound spectral analysis related to severity of carotid arterial disease (2006)

Cervical bruits may signal the presence of high-grade narrowing of arterial supply to the brain. Previous small studies have suggested that severe arterial stenosis may produce bruits that persist longer and contain a greater proportion of higher-frequency sound spectral components. This study included 96 patients referred for duplex/Doppler testing after cervical bruits had been detected. With the use of a stethoscope equipped with wireless communication to an ordinary hand-held computer, we recorded these bruits, analyzed peak sound frequencies and the durations of sound persistence > or = 200 Hz, and correlated them with Doppler velocities. Overall, the durations and peak frequencies within the bruits correlated significantly with the peak Doppler derived velocities, that is, severity of arterial obstruction. In the presence of high-grade arterial stenosis (peak Doppler velocity > or = 200 cm/s), bruits regularly possessed either high peak frequencies or prolonged signal durations with a sensitivity approaching 90%. Bruits containing lower and nonsustained peak frequencies were uncommonly associated with severe arterial obstruction. Only well-transmitted bruits with frequencies reaching 200 Hz could be analyzed satisfactorily. In conclusion, we confirm earlier observations that peak frequencies and duration of arterial bruits correlate significantly with severity of underlying arterial obstruction. Equipment used is inexpensive, convenient, and portable. This method provides an objective means for confirming and quantifying subjective auditory impressions of bruits gained at the bedside. It can provide assistance in selecting patients for further testing and as a means for serial follow-up of individuals with known disease.
5-(Arylamino)-1,2,3-triazoles and 5-amino-1-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles from 3-(cyanomethyl)triazenes (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5-(Arylamino)-1,2,3-triazoles and 5-amino-1-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles from 3-(cyanomethyl)triazenesKim M. Baines, Timothy W. Rourke, Keith Vaughan, and Donald L. HooperCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 5, 856–859Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00318a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00318a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views576Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Generation and characterization of tabalumab, a human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes both soluble and membrane-bound B-cell activating factor (2014)

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is a B-cell survival factor with a key role in B-cell homeostasis and tolerance. Dysregulated BAFF expression may contribute to autoimmune diseases or B-cell malignancies via effects on abnormal B-lymphocyte activation, proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin secretion. Monoclonal antibodies were generated against human BAFF, characterized for species specificity and affinity, and screened for the ability to neutralize both membrane-bound and soluble BAFF. In addition, studies were undertaken to determine the relative potency of membrane-bound and soluble BAFF. Tabalumab has a high affinity for human, cynomolgus monkey, and rabbit BAFF. No binding to mouse BAFF was detected. Tabalumab was able to neutralize soluble human, cynomolgus monkey, or rabbit BAFF with equal potency. Our data demonstrate that membrane-bound BAFF can be a more potent stimulus for B-cells than soluble BAFF, and tabalumab also neutralized membrane-bound BAFF. Tabalumab prevented BAFF from binding to BAFF receptors and demonstrated pharmacodynamic effects in human BAFF transgenic mice. Tabalumab is a high-affinity human antibody with neutralizing activity against membrane-bound and soluble BAFF. Given our findings that membrane-bound BAFF can have greater in vitro potency than soluble BAFF, neutralization of both forms of BAFF is likely to be important for optimal therapeutic effect.
A new method for PAR reduction in baseband DMT systems (2001)

The high peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) in real-baseband discrete multitone modulation (DMT) systems can significantly limit performance. Tone reservation techniques use unavailable or reserved tones to design a peak-cancelling signal that lowers the PAR of a transmit data block. Previous methods converge very slowly to a good solution. Our new active-set method converges much faster toward a minimum-PAR solution at a lower cost.
On the Separation Test of the Shirasu-balloons by Air Pulse (1983)

The authors have already clarified that the shirasu-balloons could be obtained by heat treatment from the fine particles of volcanic glass in the shirasu. The separation of shirasu-balloons from the heat treated shirasu is performed by floating method in water. However, this method has some problems as follows: The floating shirasu-balloons in water have to be dried again, and the separation density is always constant as 1.0g/cm3. In this report, the separation of shirasu-balloons in dry system from the heat treated shirasu by air pulse is investigated.The results obtained are summarized:(1) The heat treated shirasu containing 55.5 wt% of shirasu balloons (particle size range: 74-590μm) could be separated with the Newtonian separation efficiency of about 86 percent by batch test using experimental device of cylinder type (27.8mmφ x 500mmL). The condition for the above experiment was as follows; openning size of bottom mesh: 590μm, kind and particle size range of bed: glass beads of 840-1190μm, height of bed: 10mm, height of sample filled: 300mm, number of air pulse: 1100pulse/min., volume of air pulse: 7.3cm3/pulse, separation time: 18min.(2) The heat treated shirasu containing 75 wt% shirasu-balloons (particle size range: 74-590μm) could be separated with the Newtonian separation efficiency of about 70 percent by batch test using experimental device of rectangular type (cross section: 100 x 20mm). The optimum condition for the above stated device was obtained as follows; kind and particle size range: glass beads of 840-1190μm, height of bed: 10mm, height of sample filled: 20mm, volume of pulse: 14.5cm3/pulse, separation time: 15min.(3) For the continuous test by the device modified from the above stated rectangular type, particle size of bed needed tob e big such as 1190-1680μm, and particle size range of sample was necessary to make narrower. The heat treated shirasu containing 75 wt% shirasu-balloons (particle size range: 297-420μm) could be separated with the Newtonian separation efficiency of about 75 percent through following condition; kind and particle size range of bed: glass beads of 1190-1680μm, height of bed: 10mm, height of sample filled: 200mm, number of air pulse: 1100pulse/min., volume of air pulse: 14.5cm3/pulse, feed rate: 8g/min.
Improving the ketchup bottle method with positive expiratory pressure, PEP, in cystic fibrosis. (1984)

We studied the acute effects of 4 different chest physical therapy regimens using a randomised cross-over design in 14 patients with cystic fibrosis. Treatment A consisted of postural drainage, percussion and vibration; treatment B of postural drainage and periodic application of a face mask with positive expiratory pressure (PEP); treatment C of PEP in the sitting position; treatment D of the forced expiration technique in the sitting position. In terms of sputum expectorated, treatments B and C were superior to treatment D and especially to treatment A (p less than 0.05). Skin oxygen tension, PSO2 was monitored continuously during and for 35 min after treatment. A substantial and prolonged decay in PSO2 was observed during treatment A, quite different from other patterns seen. During and even following treatment C, an increase in PSO2 was noted. PEP was well accepted by the patients, who preferred treatment C, and we suggest it is incorporated in chest physical therapy regimens if the therapeutic objective is to increase expectoration.
In Vivo Pharmacodynamics of Antifungal Drugs in Treatment of Candidiasis (2003)

The field of antimicrobial pharmacodynamics examines the relationship between drug pharmacokinetics and antimicrobial activity or host toxicity (9). These investigations have been valuable for defining optimal antimicrobial dosing regimens and validating in vitro susceptibility breakpoints (4, 14, 25). The concepts encompassing this discipline were defined initially with antibacterial compounds (9, 34, 35). With the advent of standardized and reproducible antifungal susceptibility testing, similar pharmacodynamic analyses have been undertaken (24). Both in vitro and in vivo models have been able to demonstrate a correlation between drug dose, the MIC for an organism, and outcome (15, 17, 18, 36, 37). These investigations have been important for describing the relative potencies of antifungal drugs against a number of important pathogens. More recent in vivo pharmacodynamic investigations have examined the relationship among drug dose, dosing interval, MIC, and treatment outcome to define the specific pharmacodynamic parameter and parameter magnitude predictive of antifungal drug activity. This minireview summarizes these in vivo antifungal pharmacodynamic investigations.
Molecular and cellular aspects of protein misfolding and disease (2008)

Proteins are essential elements for life. They are building blocks of all organisms and the operators of cellular functions. Humans produce a repertoire of at least 30,000 different proteins, each with a different role. Each protein has its own unique sequence and shape (native conformation) to fulfill its specific function. The appearance of incorrectly shaped (misfolded) proteins occurs on exposure to environmental changes. Protein misfolding and the subsequent aggregation is associated with various, often highly debilitating, diseases for which no sufficient cure is available yet. In the first part of this review we summarize the structural composition of proteins and the current knowledge of underlying forces that lead proteins to lose their native structure. In the second and third parts we describe the molecular and cellular mechanisms that are associated with protein misfolding in disease. Finally, in the last part we portray recent efforts to develop treatments for protein misfolding diseases.
[Liver tumor targeting of drugs: Spherex, a vascular occlusive agent]. (1995)

Embolizing chemotherapeutic methods are presently used primarily for nonresectable metastatic hepatic carcinoma. Because this kind of carcinoma is generally ischemic, little is expected from embolizing chemotherapeutic methods aimed at tumor necrosis by blood flow obstruction using gelatin sponges. On the other hand, since the arrival rate of Lipiodol is not very good, embolizing chemotherapeutic therapy employing Lipiodol is not expected to be very effective. Consequently, therapies against metastatic hepatic carcinoma have mainly been intraarterial chemotherapies without embolization. Spherex is a transient embolization agent prepared by suspending 60 mg/ml of degradable starch microspheres (hereinafter, DSM) in physiological saline. It was developed by Pharmacia AB, Sweden, as an arterial embolizing agent for embolizing chemotherapy, and it was the first agent approved for use in Japan as an embolization material. DSM is composed of spherical particles approx. 45 microns in diameter prepared by crosslinking partially hydrolyzed potato starch using epichlorohydrin as a crosslinking agent, and it is characterized by gradual decomposition by blood amylase, having a half-life of 20-35 minutes in vitro. Clinically, when Spherex is administered via the arteries, embolization has been found to occur in the arterioles. Furthermore, administration of Spherex via the hepatic artery in combination with an anticancer drug results in the formation of transient reduction of bloodflow, thus making it possible to extend the period of retention of the anticancer drug at a high concentration in the tumorous region. As a result, the local antitumor effect of the anticancer drug may be reinforced, with alleviation of systemic side effects. In clinical tests involving its administration to metastatic hepatic tumors in combination with mitomycin C (hereinafter, MMC), the efficacy is 54.5% with arterial injection therapy with Spherex, which is significantly superior to the 20.0% obtained with arterial injection of MMC alone. Although the rate of side effects exhibited, including pain, digestive symptoms and fever, has been significantly higher in combination with Spherex, myelosuppression indicated by abnormal fluctuations in leukocyte and platelet counts was found to be greater with administration of MMC alone, suggesting its value as an effective future therapy for metastatic hepatic carcinoma. These data indicate that Spherex is not expected to yield an antitumor effect due to long-term blood flow obstruction in the hepatic artery, an effect associated with gelatin sponges heretofore used for embolizing chemotherapy. Instead, it causes a transient occlusion upon one-shot intraarterial injection therapy with MMC, thus extending the retention time of MMC at high concentration in tumorous sections, thereby yielding a high local antitumor effect with MMC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)