gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Control of independent rear wheel drive vehicle (2002)

The problem of the wheel torque control for independent rear wheel drive vehicle is considered. This problem is especially relevant in a view of the modern trends to integrating the antilock braking systems (ABS) and antislip control systems (ACS) in the car. The plant model is presented by fifth order differential system including three degree of freedom single mass flat model of the car and second order model of wheel dynamics. It is shown by simple considerations that order of the plant can be reduced to the second one. The single track vehicle model is shown to be used not only at a constant riding speed but at the high velocities with limited variations as well. The reference inputs are defined for torque controlled vehicle to be like four wheel steering (FWS) one with high maneuverability at a low speed and high stability at a high speed. So FWS system is discussed to be redundant in the car with ABS and ACS. The sliding mode technique is applied for control design. Naturality of the use of sliding modes is caused by discontinuous mode of the actuators of ABS (ACS). A comparison between controlled and conventional cars is provided by computer simulations under various driving conditions such as lateral disturbance, lane change, turn at a low speed and variations of mass distribution.
Universal eight-port RC network (2003)

An eight-port RC-active network is presented. This network can be employed as an oscillator, as a grounded inductor with adjustable inductance, as a lowpass/bandpass/highpass/notch/allpass filter working in the voltage mode (V/V mode) or in the hybrid I/V mode, as a lowpass/bandpass/highpass filter working in the current mode (I/I mode) and as a bandpass filter working in the hybrid V/I mode. Some simulated and measured results confirm a good agreement with the theoretical conclusions.
The Synthesis of Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Analogues for Affinity Chromatography (1974)

Conference Article| December 01 1974 The Synthesis of Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Analogues for Affinity Chromatography CHRISTOPHER R. LOWE; CHRISTOPHER R. LOWE 1Biochemical Division, Chemical Centre, University of Lund, S220 07 Lund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar KLAUS MOSBACH KLAUS MOSBACH 1Biochemical Division, Chemical Centre, University of Lund, S220 07 Lund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1974 Biochemical Society1974 Biochem Soc Trans (1974) 2 (6): 1318–1319. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0021318 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation CHRISTOPHER R. LOWE, KLAUS MOSBACH; The Synthesis of Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Analogues for Affinity Chromatography. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1974; 2 (6): 1318–1319. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0021318 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1974 Biochemical Society1974 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Microfluidic devices for detection of <scp>RNA</scp> viruses (2020)

There is a long way to go before the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak comes under control. qRT-PCR is currently used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Covid-19, but it is expensive, time-consuming, and not as sensitive as it should be. Finding a rapid, easy-to-use, and cheap diagnostic method is necessary to help control the current outbreak. Microfluidic systems provide a platform for many diagnostic tests, including RT-PCR, RT-LAMP, nested-PCR, nucleic acid hybridization, ELISA, fluorescence-Based Assays, rolling circle amplification, aptamers, sample preparation multiplexer (SPM), Porous Silicon Nanowire Forest, silica sol-gel coating/bonding, and CRISPR. They promise faster, cheaper, and easy-to-use methods with higher sensitivity, so microfluidic devices have a high potential to be an alternative method for the detection of viral RNA. These devices have previously been used to detect RNA viruses such as H1N1, Zika, HAV, HIV, and norovirus, with acceptable results. This paper provides an overview of microfluidic systems as diagnostic methods for RNA viruses with a focus on SARS-CoV-2.
Compact wideband dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna (2004)

Bandwidth enhancement by multiple resonances is a widely used technique for microstrip patch antennas. There are numerous methods to couple multiple resonances. However, such configurations often occupy considerable space and are not always acceptable for integration with other circuitry. For handheld wireless systems, a compact single patch on a moderately thick substrate is preferred. For such an antenna, achieving more than 25 percent bandwidth and moderate gain presents a challenge. We present a single-layer microstrip patch antenna on a relatively thin substrate. The design employs multiple resonances without significantly enlarging the size. It achieves 54% VSWR bandwidth and 40% gain bandwidth for VSWR<2 and G>2 dBi, respectively.
Malicious Software in Mobile Devices (2008)

This chapter examines the scope of malicious software (malware) threats to mobile devices. The stakes for the wireless industry are high. While malware is rampant among 1 billion PCs, approximately twice as many mobile users currently enjoy a malware-free experience. However, since the appearance of the Cabir worm in 2004, malware for mobile devices has evolved relatively quickly, targeted mostly at the popular Symbian smartphone platform. Significant highlights in malware evolution are pointed out that suggest that mobile devices are attracting more sophisticated malware attacks. Fortunately, a range of host-based and network-based defenses have been developed from decades of experience with PC malware. Activities are underway to improve protection of mobile devices before the malware problem becomes catastrophic, but developers are limited by the capabilities of handheld devices.
Closing the Gap Between Self‐Assembly and Microsystems Using Self‐Assembly, Transfer, and Integration of Particles (2005)

Self-assembly, transfer, and integration of particles is achieved by combining self-assembly processes with an adhesion cascade (see Figure). This process complements and enhances existing fabrication methods as it allows the integration of particles into planar devices. Moreover, it is versatile in terms of particle size and materials, and can create arbitrary particle arrangements with functional particle–substrate connections.
Two-mode model for metal-dielectric guided-mode resonance filters (2015)

Symmetric metal-dielectric guided-mode resonators (GMR) can operate as infrared band-pass filters, thanks to high-transmission resonant peaks and good rejection ratio. Starting from matrix formalism, we show that the behavior of the system can be described by a two-mode model. This model reduces to a scalar formula and the GMR is described as the combination of two independent Fabry-Perot resonators. The formalism has then been applied to the case of asymmetric GMR, in order to restore the properties of the symmetric system. This result allows designing GMR-on-substrate as efficient as free-standing systems, the same high transmission maximum value and high quality factor being conserved.
An accurate analytical BiCMOS delay expression and its application to optimizing high-speed BiCMOS circuits (1992)

A scheme for optimizing the overall delay of BiCMOS driver circuits is proposed in this paper. Using this optimization scheme, it is found that the delay is minimized when the maximum collector current of the bipolar transistors is equal to the onset of high current effects. Using this assumption, an accurate BiCMOS delay expression is derived in terms of the bipolar and MOS device parameters. The critical device parameters are then identified and their influence on the circuit speed discussed. An overall circuit delay expression for optimizing BiCMOS buffers is derived and a comparison made with CMOS buffers. It is shown that BiCMOS circuits have a speed advantage of 1.7 or an area advantage of about 5 for 2- mu m feature sizes. In order to predict the future performance of BiCMOS circuits, a figure of merit is derived from the delay expression. Using the figure-of-merit expression, it is seen that future BiCMOS circuits can keep the speed advantage over CMOS circuits down to submicrometer dimensions under constant load capacitance assumption.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Man in the Middle Attack Mitigation in LoRaWAN (2020)

LoRaWAN is a protocol for wireless communication related to the Internet of Things (IoT), that belongs to the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) protocol family. LoRa technology is used for communication to long distances at a low cost of power consumption. This protocol is able to transfer tiny amounts or a few bytes of data over the network effectively at a regular time interval. Several previous works focus on the performance analysis compared to the security of the protocol. LoRaWAN v1.1 has been significant development to the protocol definition and some new security-related features and improvements. But, some vulnerability still exists in the previous version has not been mitigated. This project paper discusses in detail about the Man in the Middle (MitM) attack taking place in LoRaWAN physical layer during the encrypted communication between two peer modules over the wireless network. The attacker is able to capture, analyse, decode and modify the data (payload). As a proof of concept, the attack is carried out on a controlled LoRaWAN environment using the testbed. A novel mitigation technique is proposed against the attack by a GCM cryptographic algorithm implementation so that the attacks can be mitigated. Finally, the mitigation technique is implemented, tested and the results are presented.
An Accurate Lithium-Ion Battery Gas Gauge Using Two-Phase STC Modeling (2007)

The lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is a time-varying, nonlinear component. Its discharge characteristic is dependent on discharge current, loading change scheme, ambient temperature, and initial state-of-charge (SoC), and hence its remaining time can vary with the discharge operating conditions in a manner of nonlinear relationship. The non-linearity behavior makes the accurate gas-gauge of Li-ion battery very difficult. This paper presents an efficient scheme to simplify the estimation of battery service time with high-degree of accuracy. According to the typical discharge characteristic of Li-ion batteries, we applied a two-phase single-time-constant (STC) model for the gas-gauging strategy and parameterize the discharge operating conditions in terms of the first-phase gradient, the knee voltage, and the second-phase gradient, instead of using complex curve-fitting equations. As shown in the experimental results, the accuracy of predicted remaining time is less than 1% for constant current cases, and 10% for loading change cases.
SCH66336, inhibitor of protein farnesylation, blocks signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 signaling in lung cancer and interacts with a small molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (2008)

Signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an important transcription factor that is essential for lung cancer cell survival. STAT3 is activated by diverse upstream receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, and blockade of STAT3 results in tumor growth inhibition. Therefore, a search for STAT3 inhibitors is under way. We demonstrate that SCH66336, at 4 mumol/l, completely blocks STAT3 phosphorlyation in a variety of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, whereas the effect on AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation is variable. Furthermore, SCH66336 has antiproliferative effects on NSCLC cells. When NSCLC cells are exposed sequentially to SCH66336 and a small molecule dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, synergistic activity is observed with an increase in the fraction of cells undergoing apoptosis. Concurrent exposure to both agents is, however, associated with antagonism and decreased apoptosis. We conclude that blockade of STAT3 phosphorylation might be one of the mechanisms by which SCH66336 exerts its antitumor activity, and that this can be synergistic in vitro when administered sequentially with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.
Molecular Simulation To Determine Key Shale Gas Parameters, And Their Use In A Commercial Simulator For Production Forecasting (2013)

Abstract Shale gas is a rising energy supply that is set to change the global energy market in coming decades. Even though thousands of shale gas wells are still in production throughout the world, the physics underlying the nano-scale of shale gas remains poorly understood, especially when complex fluid mixtures are involved. Effectively, compositional changes will arise in the well gas stream, resulting not only from phase changes but also from selective desorption and molecular sieving in the nano pores. The aim of this paper is twofold: Highlight the potential use of molecular simulation, to determine key reservoir parameters in term of storage and kinetics.Suggest an integrated workflow for implementing the parameters obtained in a commercial simulator and provide guidelines for tailoring the physics in the simulator to the needs of shale gas modeling. Molecular simulation is an emerging technique which can be put to relevant use for shale gas. It offers insights into nano-scale properties such as sorption or transport coefficients. The technique is based on numerical simulations at the molecular scale for a given set of pressure and temperature conditions. Our work comprised the following actions: We started building an organic molecule compound representative of a mature kerogen.Molecular simulation was used to produce adsorption isotherms for multi-component gas. For a C1-C2 mixture, we have established that the standard Extended Langmuir isotherm model available in ECLIPSE is poorly suited to matching with actual data. We propose an enhanced model in which partial pressures are replaced by fugacity.Because of the nano-scale size of the pores in the kerogen, the gas flows not to a Darcy pattern but in a slip or transitional process instead. This kind of flow displays different transport properties, depending on molecule sizes. We used molecular simulation to check the relevance of analytical flow models such as Beskok-Karniadakis’s one and investigated how individual component flow properties change when a gas mixture is involved. We then made a comprehensive review of commercial simulators to check their suitability for shale gas modeling. A triple porosity model was built to capture the actual nature of a shale gas formation which features organic and inorganic pores along with fractures. We show how alpha factors can successfully be used to model the molecular sieving of gas flow in the organic pores (depending on size). We also elaborate on how the extended Langmuir curve was distorted to match the results of molecular simulation. At the end of this paper, we offer insight into simulation forecasting of gas stream composition changes over time.
Absorbed solution theory models for multicomponent adsorption equilibria (1989)

Abstract A new approach is developed for applying ideal and real adsorbed solution theory models to the description of multicomponent adsorption equilibria at fixed pressure. This allows ignoring single‐component behavior in the Henry's law region, P → O, but introduces new parameters that must be evaluated from binary equilibrium data. Comparisons with various sets of experimental data show that the new approach gives results as good as the classical one, but without requiring knowledge of the single component behavior in the Henry's law region; more over, it removes the sensitivity to the type of model adopted in fitting single‐component equilibrium data.
The fabrication of a ceramic superconducting wire (1988)

Using appropriate additions of polymeric binders, it has been possible to extrude wires from YBa2Cu3Ox powders between 70 and 100 degrees C and at pressures of <1.0 MPa. It has also been possible to produce coils by winding the wire, as it left the extrusion die, onto a suitable mould. After burning off the binder components at temperatures up to 500 degrees C, the wire was sintered in air or oxygen at 960 degrees C to develop strength and conductivity. Both straight wires and coils produced so far exhibit superconducting behaviour. The mechanical fragility of these materials could be overcome by application of a suitable encapsulation, for example an acrylic resin.
Electromechanical and elastic probing of bacteria in a cell culture medium (2012)

Rapid phenotype characterization and identification of cultured cells, which is needed for progress in tissue engineering and drug testing, requires an experimental technique that measures physical properties of cells with sub-micron resolution. Recently, band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy (BEPFM) has been proven useful for recognition and imaging of bacteria of different types in pure water. Here, the BEPFM method is performed for the first time on physiologically relevant electrolyte media, such as Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). Distinct electromechanical responses for Micrococcus lysodeikticus (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Gram-negative) bacteria in DPBS are demonstrated. The results suggest that mechanical properties of the outer surface coating each bacterium, as well as the electrical double layer around them, are responsible for the BEPFM image formation mechanism in electrolyte media.
DYNAMIC INTEGRATION OF GENE ANNOTATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO MICROARRAY ANALYSIS (2004)

Comprehensive and structured annotations for all genes on a microarray chip are essential for the interpretation of its expression data. Currently, most chip gene annotations are one-line free text descriptions that are often partial, outdated and unsuitable for large-scale data analysis. Therefore the interpretation of microarray gene expression clusters is often limited. Although researchers can manually navigate a collection of databases for better annotations, it is only practical for limited number of genes. Existing meta-databases fail to provide comprehensive categorized annotations for hundreds of genes simultaneously. We have developed an automatic system to address this issue. GeneView system monitors various data sources, extracts gene information from a source whenever it is updated, comprehensively matches genes, and integrates them into a central database by categories, such as pathway, genetic mapping, phenotype, expression profile, domain structure, protein interaction, disease association, and references. The system consists of four major components: (1) relational database; (2) data processing; (3) user curation; (4) data query. We evaluated it by analyzing genes on cDNA and Affymetrix Oligo chips. In both cases, the system provided more accurate and comprehensive information than those provided by the vendors or the chip users, and helped identify new common functions among genes in the same expression clusters.
Reflection-type normally-on two-wavelength modulator (1997)

The authors demonstrate a novel reflection-type normally-on two-wavelength modulator by combining two quantum-well structures with different operating wavelengths in a coupled cavity structure. Reflection spectra show simultaneous modulations at wavelengths of 856 and 886 nm in the device consisting of GaAs/AlGaAs and InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells for each wavelength. Under separate applied voltages, maximum reflectivity changes of 70 and 54% were obtained for the two wavelengths. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first two-wavelength reflection modulator ever reported.
Fully digital ATDE's and XPIC's for a STM-1 cochannel radio system family (2003)

The new STM-1 signal format can be carried advantageously by high-capacity digital radio systems by making use of cochannel operation. This can be implemented in an economical way by fully exploiting the capabilities of silicon VLSI technology. A fully digital adaptive transversal filter IC was developed which can be used not only in the time-domain equalizer, but also in a crosspolarization interference canceler. This offers a very economical solution for a cochannel system providing twice the channel capacity. Due to synchronization of carriers and the timing of both orthogonal polarized signals the baudspaced transversal filter structure of the VLSI circuit enables superior performance both for the equalizer and for the canceler operation. The theoretical concepts behind the system are presented and experimental results are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A disk performance optimizing algorithm by adjusting the native command queue based on rotational position (2011)

The improvement of disk access scheduling policies was one of important means to raise disk access performance. Serial ATA storage equipment couldn't meet network access and service's time-constrained characteristics which scheduled disk access in native command queue based on rotational position ordering (RPO). According to access's the latest deadline time, deadline sensitive and first (DSF) classified storage access into various service queue and schedule, which optimized the embedded scheduling policy. The emulation results had proved it valid to meet the storage access's requirements.