gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The measurement of velocity gradients in laminar flow by homodyne light-scattering spectroscopy (1980)

A technique for measuring velocity gradients in laminar flows by homodyne light scattering is presented. A theory which describes the light-scattering spectrum is derived that includes the effects of different types of linear flow fields, particle diffusion and the intensity profile in the scattering volume. The conditions which must be satisfied in order that the theory describe the experimental situation are outlined and complementary experiments are performed which both verify the theory and apply the technique. Verification is provided using the flow in a Couette device, and the flow due to single rotating cylinder in a large bath of fluid. The technique is then applied to measure the spatial variation of the shear rate in a four-roll mill.
Real-Time Capture, Reconstruction and Insertion into Virtual World of Human Actors (2003)

In this paper, we show how to capture an actor with no intrusive trackers and without any special environment like blue set, how to estimate its 3D-geometry and how to insert this geometry into a virtual world in real-time. We use several cameras in conjunction with background subtraction to produce silhouettes of the actor as observed from the different camera viewpoints. These silhouettes allow the 3D-geometry of the actor to be estimated by a voxel based method. This geometry is rendered with a marching cube algorithm and inserted into a virtual world. Shadows of the actor corresponding to virtual lights are then added and interactions with objects of the virtual world are proposed. The main originality of this paper is to propose a complete pipeline that can computes up to 30 frames per second. Since the rapidity of the process depends mainly on its slowest step, we present here all these steps. For each of them, we present and discuss the solution that is used. Some of them are new solutions, as the 3D shape estimation which is achieved using graphics hardware. Results are presented and discussed.
All-polymer photonic crystal slab sensor (2015)

An all-polymer photonic crystal slab sensor is presented, and shown to exhibit narrow resonant reflection with a FWHM of less than 1 nm and a sensitivity of 31 nm/RIU when sensing media with refractive indices around that of water. This results in a detection limit of 4.5 × 10(-6) RIU when measured in conjunction with a spectrometer of 12 pm/pixel resolution. The device is a two-layer structure, composed of a low refractive index polymer with a periodically modulated surface height, covered with a smooth upper-surface high refractive index inorganic-organic hybrid polymer modified with ZrO2based nanoparticles. Furthermore, it is fabricated using inexpensive vacuum-less techniques involving only UV nanoreplication and polymer spin-casting, and is thus well suited for single-use biological and refractive index sensing applications.
Control of a remotely operated quadrotor aerial vehicle and camera unit using a fly-the-camera perspective (2007)

This paper presents a mission-centric approach to controlling the optical axis of a video camera mounted on a camera manipulator and fixed to a quadrotor remotely operated vehicle. A four-DOF quadrotor, UAV model will be combined with a two-DOF camera kinematic model to create a single system to provide a full six DOF actuation of the camera view. This work proposed exploits that all signals are described in camera frame. The closed-loop controller is designed based on a Lyapunov-type analysis so that the tracking result is shown to produce globally uniformly ultimately bounded (GUUB). Computer simulation results are provided to demonstrate the suggested controller.
A Dual-Activation, Adenoviral-Based System for the Controlled Induction of DNA Double-Strand Breaks by the Restriction Endonuclease <i>Sac</i> I (2009)

Spontaneous damage to DNA is frequent and may lead to cell death, cell senescence, or mutations. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are of special interest because they are highly toxic and have been implicated in neurodegeneration, cancer, and aging. Until now, there has not been a reliable system allowing tunable induction of random DSBs without affecting other macromolecules or cell functions. Here, we describe an adenoviral-based, doxycycline-mediated, and tamoxifen-dependent system for quantitative introduction of DSBs in mammalian cells. We generated a single adenoviral vector containing a tet-inducible, composite SacI restriction endonuclease/estrogen receptor (ERT2) gene, and a constitutively expressed reverse transactivator (rtTA) gene. Transduced mouse embryonic fibroblasts-as well as mouse liver cells in vivo-demonstrated a high level of DSBs in response to treatment with doxycycline and tamoxifen. We show that the amount of induced DSBs can be titrated by doxycycline dose and duration of treatment. This system should be useful for studying the processing of randomly induced DSBs and their effects on cell fate, without the side effects normally associated with radiation or chemical treatment.
Common Electronic Structure and Pentagon Pairing in Extractable Fullerenes (1995)

We have found the bunching of the lowest three unoccupied states and the pentagon pairing in extractable fullerenes. These should be related to each other since lower unoccupied states are found to be spatially distributed on pentagons. In addition, the presence of both prevalent and rare structural units constituting extractable fullerenes has been revealed. A series of these findings sheds new light on the fullerene growth mechanism and on the design of larger-fullerene conductors.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promotes LIPIN2-Dependent Hepatic Insulin Resistance (2011)

These results demonstrate that ER stress-induced LIPIN2 would contribute to the perturbation of hepatic insulin signaling via a DAG-protein kinase C ε-dependent manner in DIO mice.
Historical overview of imaging the meibomian glands (2012)

Growing knowledge of the role of the meibomian glands in dry eye disease and contact lens discomfort has resulted in a surge of interest in visualizing these glands within the eyelids. This manuscript provides an overview of the many different visualization methods that have evolved over the past 30–40 years. Some of the visualization methods covered in this review include lid transillumination, video and non-contact meibography, and imaging methods employing confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography and ultrasound. This review has also highlighted all the studies to date that have employed meibography as part of their methods. An overview of the available meibography dropout grading systems will also be provided. El incremento de información sobre el papel de las glándulas meibomianas en el ojo seco y en las molestias causadas por lentes de contacto ha originado un interés creciente por visualizar dichas glándulas dentro de los párpados. Este informe aporta una visión general sobre los diferentes métodos de visualización que han ido evolucionando durante los últimos 30 a 40 años. Algunos de los métodos de visualización cubiertos por esta revisión incluyen la transiluminación del párpado, vídeo y meibografía sin contacto, y los métodos de toma de imagen que utilizan microscopía confocal, tomografía de coherencia óptica y ultrasonidos. Esta revisión ha resaltado también todos los estudios realizados hasta la fecha que han utilizado la meibografía como parte de sus métodos. Se aportará también una visión general sobre los sistemas de graduación meiográfica abandonados, de los que se dispone.
MYTHSEEKER Project Status Summary (1999)

This is a summary of the present status of The MYTHSEEKER Project. The first section provides a brief synopsis of the project's purpose and approach. The second section summarizes present activity in a number of directions-including decisions that are shaping development. The third section outlines the next steps for development programming, the initial software product, and a communications network of MYTHSEEKER Centers. Some extended viewpoints are mentioned.
THE MAGNETIC BEHAVIOR OF CATALASE (1941)

The magnetic moment of catalase is 4.6 +/- 0.3, nearly the same as that of ferric hemoglobin hydroxide. If the moment be due to electron spin alone without orbital contribution, 3 free electrons would give rise to 3.9 magnetons.
Unexpectedly Large Selectivities for Olefin Separations Utilizing Silver Ion in Ion-Exchange Membranes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnexpectedly Large Selectivities for Olefin Separations Utilizing Silver Ion in Ion-Exchange MembranesP. M. Thoen, R. D. Noble, and C. A. KovalCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4, 1262–1269Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100055a036https://doi.org/10.1021/j100055a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views134Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A survey of autonomic networking architectures: towards a Unified Management Framework (2013)

SUMMARY Academic and industrial research initiatives have sought to make fully autonomic networks a reality. Some of these initiatives pursued a holistic approach, while others focused on setting up functionalities for specific networking domains. These efforts did not succeed in being extensively deployed, because the goals of network operators were not satisfactorily met. These goals include unification of management operations, enablement of end‐to‐end management and enhancement of the overall system performance in a trusted way, while reducing management cost. In this paper, we analyse a set of existing autonomic management architectures and frameworks with respect to a selected set of criteria. We then identify missing parts and challenges and propose a framework to unify the most promising attributes towards a novel approach of realization of autonomic networking management. We call this proposal Unified Management Framework (UMF). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experiments in using agent-based retrieval from distributed and heterogeneous databases (2002)

Intelligent agents are being widely employed by users to assist in information retrieval tasks. However, users still suffer from "information overload" and most search engines are limited, particularly in meeting user expectations. We have developed SAIRE (Scalable Agent-based Information Retrieval Engine), which addresses many current search engine limitations. SAIRE employs intelligent software agents, natural language (NL) understanding and conceptual search techniques to support Internet access to Earth and space science data maintained by NASA and NOAA at distributed technical centers across the USA. This report describes progress made to date on the SAIRE prototype development effort. It includes progress made in developing agents' persistent query handling capabilities. Our report also details the current status of SAIRE's user modeling and concept-directed search capabilities.
Adaptive pulse shape control in a diode-seeded nanosecond fiber MOPA system (2006)

We demonstrate active shaping of the driving electrical pulses to a laser diode in order to compensate for the pulse shaping effects of gain saturation in an Yb doped fiber amplifier cascade and to allow the generation of user defined customized output pulse shapes. In particular we demonstrate the generation of square output pulses, which have the potential to significantly increase the maximum pulse energy extractable from an amplifier before the peak power reaches the threshold for SRS, and for high efficiency frequency conversion.
Hypoexpression of major histocompatibility complex molecules on Legionella pneumophila phagosomes and phagolysosomes (1993)

Legionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular pathogen that parasitizes host mononuclear phagocytes. Cell-mediated immunity is pivotal to host defense against L. pneumophila, and the infected host cell may play a central role in processing and presenting parasite antigens to lymphocytes mediating cell-mediated immune response. However, in the case of L. pneumophila and intracellular parasites in general, little is known about the intracellular trafficking of parasite antigens, the influence of parasite infection on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression, or the relationship of MHC molecules to sites of parasite replication. To learn more about this, we have used flow cytometry to study the expression of HLA-DR by monocytes infected with L. pneumophila and cryosection immunogold electron microscopy to study the distribution of MHC class I and II molecules on L. pneumophila phagosomes. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that L. pneumophila infection has little effect on the overall expression of HLA-DR by monocytes. Cryosection immunogold studies revealed abundant staining for MHC class I and II molecules on the plasma membrane of infected monocytes but little or no staining on the membranes of mature L. pneumophila phagosomes. Cryosection immunogold studies of an avirulent mutant of L. pneumophila that, unlike the wild type, does not inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion and subsequently survives but does not multiply in a phagolysosome yielded similar results. We have previously found that MHC class I and II molecules are excluded from nascent phagosomes during coiling and conventional phagocytosis. The present work demonstrates that MHC molecules do not accumulate appreciably in the L. pneumophila phagosome as it matures and at a point in the life cycle of the organism in which it is replicating and producing immunoprotective T-cell antigens. This suggests that L. pneumophila does not reside in a typical endosomal compartment in the host cell and that L. pneumophila antigens may encounter MHC molecules at extraphagosomal sites within the host cell.
Coexistence of sharp quasiparticle dispersions and disorder features in graphite (2005)

Angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) on azimuthally disordered graphite demonstrates that sharp quasiparticle dispersions along the radial direction can coexist with a complete lack of dispersion along the azimuthal direction. This paradoxical coexistence can be explained in terms of van Hove singularities in the angular density of states. In addition, nondispersive features at the energies of band maxima and saddle points are observed and possible explanations are discussed. This work opens a possibility of studying the electronic structure of layered materials using ARPES even when large single crystals are difficult to obtain.
Efficient Retrovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of Dendritic Cells Generated from CD34 <sup>+</sup> Cord Blood Cells under Serum-Free Conditions (1997)

A retroviral-vector encoding the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) was used to transduce dendritic cells (DCs) generated from CD34+ cord blood (CB) progenitor cells under serum-free conditions. Transduction efficiency was monitored by flow cytometry (FACS) using a specific monoclonal antibody. Prior to retroviral infections, CD34+ CB cells were stimulated for 60 h in a serum-free medium containing a DC differentiation inducing cytokine cocktail: stem cell factor (SCF), granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1). Addition of flt3-ligand (FL) to the aforementioned growth factors significantly enhanced cell expansion (41.7+/-11.5 fold vs. 22.5+/-4.7 fold without FL) and generation of CD1a+ DCs (mean 45.7+/-9.8% vs. 28+/-6.5% without FL, n = 4,p = 0.01). Furthermore, FL significantly increased the proportion of CD1a+LNGFR+ cells (mean 10%+/-4.4% vs. 6%+/-2.4 without FL n = 4, p = 0.03). When serum-free viral supernatants were used to infect DCs progenitors under entirely serum-free conditions and with the most potent cytokine combination, approximately one-third of the CD1a+ DCs generated co-expressed the LNGFR gene. Moreover, the transduced gene was also identified in more mature CD1a+CD80+ and CD1a+CD86+ DCs after 12-14 days of culture. In addition, transduced CD1a+ DCs maintained their functional properties, stimulating allogeneic T cells with similar efficiency as nontransduced CD1a+ DCs. Thus, the serum-free system described allows efficient generation and transduction of CD1a+ DCs derived from CD34+ progenitor cells and may be very useful for future therapeutic applications of DCs.
Electric-field-coupled metamaterials for microwave beam formation (2007)

Microwave propagation through an electric-field-coupled metamaterial lens with a refractive index gradient is experimentally investigated. A gradient in the refractive index of the metamaterial is introduced by continuous tuning of a single parameter in the metamaterial elements. Experimental field maps, acquired in a planar waveguide, demonstrate that the planar gradient index lens can be used to collimate radiation from a line source, thereby forming a beam.
Enhanced separation of antidepressant drugs using a polymerized nonionic surfactant as a transient capillary coating (1998)

The separation of seven structurally similar antidepressant drugs (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, protriptyline, doxepin, and nordoxepin) was achieved in under 15 min using a novel nonionic micelle polymer, poly(n-undecyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) (PUG) by use of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Systematic studies with varying polymer concentration, pH, and percent organic modifier were conducted in order to find the optimum conditions for baseline separation of the seven tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, equations for capacity factor were used to estimate the extent of what was initially thought to be micelle analyte interaction. A series of calculations show that a modified CZE system (PUG-CZE) was the actual mode of separation. Thus, our study concluded that PUG functioned in a non-electrokinetic chromatography mode.
Kinesin is the motor for microtubule-mediated Golgi-to-ER membrane traffic [published errata appear in J Cell Biol 1995 Mar;128(5):following 988 and 1995 May;129(3):893] (1995)

The distribution and dynamics of both the ER and Golgi complex in animal cells are known to be dependent on microtubules; in many cell types the ER extends toward the plus ends of microtubules at the cell periphery and the Golgi clusters at the minus ends of microtubules near the centrosome. In this study we provide evidence that the microtubule motor, kinesin, is present on membranes cycling between the ER and Golgi and powers peripherally directed movements of membrane within this system. Immunolocalization of kinesin at both the light and electron microscopy levels in NRK cells using the H1 monoclonal antibody to kinesin heavy chain, revealed kinesin to be associated with all membranes of the ER/Golgi system. At steady-state at 37 degrees C, however, kinesin was most concentrated on peripherally distributed, pre-Golgi structures containing beta COP and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein newly released from the ER. Upon temperature reduction or nocodazole treatment, kinesin's distribution shifted onto the Golgi, while with brefeldin A (BFA)-treatment, kinesin could be found in both Golgi-derived tubules and in the ER. This suggested that kinesin associates with membranes that constitutively cycle between the ER and Golgi. Kinesin's role on these membranes was examined by microinjecting kinesin antibody. Golgi-to-ER but not ER-to-Golgi membrane transport was found to be inhibited by the microinjected anti-kinesin, suggesting kinesin powers the microtubule plus end-directed recycling of membrane to the ER, and remains inactive on pre-Golgi intermediates that move toward the Golgi complex.
INTEGRABLE SYSTEMS: TWISTORS, LOOP GROUPS, AND RIEMANN SURFACES (Oxford Graduate Texts in Mathematics 4) (2001)

By N. J. Hitchin, G. B. Segal and R. S. Ward: 136 pp., £25.00, isbn 0-19-850421-7 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1999).
Interactive motion planning for steerable needles in 3D environments with obstacles (2010)

Bevel-tip steerable needles for minimally invasive medical procedures can be used to reach clinical targets that are behind sensitive or impenetrable areas and are inaccessible to straight, rigid needles. We present a fast algorithm that can compute motion plans for steerable needles to reach targets in complex, 3D environments with obstacles at interactive rates. The fast computation makes this method suitable for online control of the steerable needle based on 3D imaging feedback and allows physicians to interactively edit the planning environment in real-time by adding obstacle definitions as they are discovered or become relevant. We achieve this fast performance by using a Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) combined with a reachability-guided sampling heuristic to alleviate the sensitivity of the RRT planner to the choice of the distance metric. We also relax the constraint of constant-curvature needle trajectories by relying on duty-cycling to realize bounded-curvature needle trajectories. These characteristics enable us to achieve orders of magnitude speed-up compared to previous approaches; we compute steerable needle motion plans in under 1 second for challenging environments containing complex, polyhedral obstacles and narrow passages.
<title>Fiber-optic gyro development for a broad range of applications</title> (1995)

Progress in fiber-optic gyroscope development at Honeywell is reported here. The results illustrate the versatility of the technology, showing its potential to meet both the low-cost, small-sized needs of tactical guidance, as well as the very high perfomance needs of inertial navigation and precision applications. In the case of inertial navigation, data is presented that illustrates the possibility of employing a low-cost depolarized design for this use.
The Role of TRPV1 in Different Subtypes of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons in Rat Chronic Inflammatory Nociception Induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (2008)

TRPV1 expression increases in all three types of DRG neurons after CFA injection and plays a role in CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain including thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia.
PPM1D Is a Potential Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinomas (2009)

Our data provide strong circumstantial evidence that PPM1D is a potential therapeutic target for a subgroup of ovarian clear cell carcinomas.
A Brief Review of the Current Status of Alternatives of Chlorine Disinfection of Water (1982)

This paper briefly outlines some of the alternative disinfectants being considered in lieu of chlorination. Methods currently in use as well as those in the research stage are included. Each method is assessed with respect to disinfection efficiency and environmental impact. (Am J Public Health 1982; 72:1290-1293.)