gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of Oxidative Stress Stabilization of the Thromboxane Receptor in COS-7 Cells (2004)

The 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha), a prostanoid produced in vivo by cyclooxygenase-independent free-radical-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, acts as a partial agonist on the thromboxane receptor (TXA(2)R) and is a potent vasoconstrictor in the oxidatively stressed isolated perfused rat heart. We hypothesized that the response in the isolated heart may be due to augmentation of TXA(2)R density, which may be initiated by the presence of oxidative radicals. Previous studies have shown that TXA(2)R density is increased during atherosclerosis on both the medial and intimal smooth muscle layers in human coronary arteries. Here we describe the effect of oxidative stress on TXA(2)R. The thromboxane A(2) receptor beta isoform (TXA(2)Rbeta) was transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunofluorescence suggested that the presence of H(2)O(2) increased translocation of TXA(2)Rbeta from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. H(2)O(2) treatment also increased binding of a TXA(2)R antagonist ([(3)H]SQ29548) to membranes. Degradation kinetics of TXA(2)Rbeta following cycloheximide treatment, a protein synthesis inhibitor, suggested not only that TXA(2)Rbeta is a short-lived protein predominantly localized to the ER but also that TXA(2)Rbeta degradation is modulated in the presence of H(2)O(2). Our results indicate that oxidative stress induces maturation and stabilization of the TXA(2)Rbeta protein probably by intracellular translocation. Importantly, these observations also suggest that TXA(2)Rbeta levels are modulated by ER-associated degradation and controlled by the efficiency of transport to post-ER compartments. Stabilization of the TXA(2)Rbeta by translocation from a degradative compartment, i.e. the ER, can account for the augmentation of receptor density observed in vivo.
Tomato Blossom-end Rot Caused by High Concentrations of Calcium ions in Hydroponic Culture. (1992)

Blossom-end rot of tomato fruits occurred when tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Momotaro) were grown in Ca-rich nutrient solution by using the nutrient film technique. Concentrations of Ca ions were high in both stems and leaves of plants yielding fruits having blossom-end rot. However, Ca concentrations in fruits suffering from blossom-end rot were significantly lower than normal fruits . This indicates that Ca ion diffusion from stems to fruits was physiologically inhibited, resulting in blossom-end rot in fruits. This phenomenon was associated with reduction of photosynthesis.
Microwave plasma oxidation of strain-compensated Si1-x-yGexCy films (1998)

Low temperature microwave plasma oxidation of UHVCVD grown strain compensated Si 1-x-y Ge x C y films is reported for the first time. Electrical properties of the grown oxides have been studied by C-V, G-V, J-E and constant current stressing of MOS capacitors. The oxides exhibit a positive fixed oxide charge density (Q f/q ) of 2.9 × 10 11 cm -2 , a lid-gap interface state density (D it ) of 7.9 × 10 11 cm -2 . eV -1 and hole trapping behavior on constant current stressing.
Isolation of bilobalide and ginkgolide a from Ginkgo biloba L. shorten the sleeping time induced in mice by anesthetics. (1993)

The leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. and aqueous extract from them shortened the sleeping time induced in mice by anesthetics (hexobarbital, alpha-chloralose and urethane, i.p.). Two characteristic terpenoids in G. biloba, bilobalide and ginkgolide A, significantly shortened the sleeping time induced by anesthetics. A toxic substance, 4-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN), responsible for "gin-nan food poisoning" isolated from the seed of G. biloba, was not detected from the extract of the leaves of G. biloba. Therefore, the Ginkgo biloba extract has no toxicities for MPN.
Rate constants for reactions of nitrogen oxide (NO3) radicals in aqueous solutions (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRate constants for reactions of nitrogen oxide (NO3) radicals in aqueous solutionsP. Neta and Robert E. HuieCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 19, 4644–4648Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100410a035https://doi.org/10.1021/j100410a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views629Altmetric-Citations125LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Suppression of adjuvant arthritis in rats by induction of oral tolerance to mycobacterial 65‐kDa heat shock protein (1996)

Oral administration of mycobacterial 65-kDa heat shock protein (HSP) given daily for 5 days prior to immunization with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) suppressed the development of adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. AA was significantly suppressed by 30 and 300 micrograms HSP, and variably by 0.3, 3 micrograms or 1 mg. Histological analysis of joint samples obtained from control and test rats confirmed the suppression of AA in the fed group. Feeding Mt or hen egg lysozyme (HEL) failed to affect AA, indicating that the suppression was HSP specific. The oral administration of 30 micrograms HSP decreased both delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and proliferative responses to HSP and Mt. In addition, the proliferation of lymph node cells (LNC) from Mt-sensitized rats was inhibited by the addition of spleen cells (SPC) from HSP-fed animals, possibly by the secretion of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. Spleen cells obtained from tolerized donors were capable of transferring the tolerance to naive recipients. These results demonstrate that feeding HSP is an effective way to suppress AA and that the suppression of AA may be mediated by regulatory T cells generated following oral administration of mycobacterial 65-kDa HSP.
Illuminant estimation for color constancy: why spatial-domain methods work and the role of the color distribution (2014)

Color constancy is a well-studied topic in color vision. Methods are generally categorized as (1) low-level statistical methods, (2) gamut-based methods, and (3) learning-based methods. In this work, we distinguish methods depending on whether they work directly from color values (i.e., color domain) or from values obtained from the image's spatial information (e.g., image gradients/frequencies). We show that spatial information does not provide any additional information that cannot be obtained directly from the color distribution and that the indirect aim of spatial-domain methods is to obtain large color differences for estimating the illumination direction. This finding allows us to develop a simple and efficient illumination estimation method that chooses bright and dark pixels using a projection distance in the color distribution and then applies principal component analysis to estimate the illumination direction. Our method gives state-of-the-art results on existing public color constancy datasets as well as on our newly collected dataset (NUS dataset) containing 1736 images from eight different high-end consumer cameras.
Softening of Membrane Bilayers by Detergents Elucidated by Deuterium NMR Spectroscopy (2000)

Material properties of lipid bilayers were studied on the mesoscopic scale using deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The fluid phase of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) was compared with DMPC containing a nonionic detergent as an additive. Order parameter profiles were obtained from the deuterium NMR spectra of DMPC having perdeuterated acyl chains (DMPC-d54). A reduction of the order parameters of DMPC-d54 in the presence of the detergent octaethyleneglycol-mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12E8) was observed, consistent with an increased configurational freedom of the phospholipid acyl chains. Relaxation rates and were measured and spectral densities Jm(mω0) where m = 1,2 were calculated from the combined relaxation results. Profiles of the observables, i.e., order parameters, relaxation rates, and spectral densities were interpreted within the framework of a new composite membrane deformation model, which describes characteristic properties of the membrane in terms of a continuum picture. According to this model, the influence of the nonionic detergent (C12E8) on the electroneutral DMPC membrane is to increase the membrane flexibility as manifested by the functional dependence of the and rates, i.e., the dependence of the spectral densities on the corresponding profiles of the orientational order parameters | |. Within the theoretical framework the increased flexibility of the detergent-containing membranes corresponds to a decrease of the elastic constants for continuum (elastic) deformations of the membrane bilayer. In the case of splay fluctuations the elastic constant and the bilayer thickness are related to the macroscopic bending rigidity, which qualitatively yields a correspondence to studies of macroscopic bending fluctuations thus yielding support for the model. In general, these findings indicate a softening of the membrane bilayer by the presence of a nonionic detergent, which corresponds to a decrease of the elastic constants for continuum deformations of the membrane.
Analysis of Ball Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor Response to Wide Variety of Gases Using Gas Chromatography (2007)

It is necessary to detect a wide variety of dangerous gases for environment assessment and security. Gas chromatography using a gas separation column has been used for this purpose; however, a compact and high-performance system has not yet been established. Thus, we propose a new approach to measure gases using a ball surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor, after separating them using gas separation columns. In this work, amplitude responses were observed for mixed alcohol gases. With water–ethanol mixed gas, both delay time and amplitude responses were observed, and different response and recovery times were found for these responses. Also, an amplitude response reflecting the leaky loss of SAW was observed and an approximate equation of leaky loss was derived to quantitatively evaluate the roles of leaky loss and other parameters observed in the ball SAW sensor. These results suggest that the proposed approach is promising for developing compact and high-performance multigas sensors.
Miniature fiber-optic high temperature sensor based on a hybrid structured Fabry–Perot interferometer (2008)

A miniature Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometric fiber-optic sensor suitable for high-temperature sensing is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor head consists of two FP cavities formed by fusion splicing a short hollow-core fiber and a piece of single-mode fiber at a photonic crystal fiber in series. The reflection spectra of an implemented sensor are measured at several temperatures and analyzed in the spatial frequency domain. The experiment shows that the thermal-optic effect of the cavity material is much more appreciable than its thermal expansion. The temperature measurements up to 1000 degrees C with a step of 50 degrees C confirm that it could be applicable as a high-temperature sensor.
Automatic detection of detached and erroneous electrodes in electrical impedance tomography (2005)

One unfortunate occurrence in experimental measurements with electrical impedance tomography is electrodes which become detached or poorly connected, such that the measured data cannot be used. This paper presents an automatic approach to detect such erroneous electrodes. It is based on the assumption that all valid measurements are related by the image reconstruction model, while the measurements from erroneous electrodes are unrelated. The method estimates the data at an electrode based on the measurements from all other electrodes, and compares it to the measurements. If these data match adequately, the set of electrodes does not contain an erroneous electrode. In order to detect an erroneous electrode amongst N electrodes, all sets of N-1 electrodes are tested, and the set with the best match between measurements and estimate is identified as the one which excludes the erroneous electrode. The method was tested on simulated and experimental data and showed consistent identification of erroneous electrodes with those made by experts.
Rip2: A Key Molecule that Regulates both Innate and Acquired Immunity (2005)

The Receptor interacting protein-2 (Rip2, also called RICK, CARDIAK) is an intracellular serine-threonine kinase that contains a carboxy-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD). The initial biochemical analysis emphasized a role for Rip2 in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) and apoptosis when overexpressed. The subsequent generation of mice with a targeted deletion of the gene for Rip2 and the description of a possible target for Rip2 kinase activity has clarified the role of Rip2. Following infectious challenges, the activation of a protective immune response relies on the coordinated interplay of contextual stimulation and inflammatory processes. All mammals must balance the need to combat dangerous pathogens from the destructive potential for mistaking autologous cells or proteins as appropriate targets for response. Rip2 has carved out an evolutionary niche serving as a regulator of inflammatory responses. Rip2 helps to direct or propagate signals towards cell-mediated immune responses and resolution of infection by modifying signals from pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (Nod) family members of innate immunity, the T cell receptor (TCR) complex of acquired immunity, and cytokine signaling of the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor family and IL-12 signaling pathways. Here we wish to outline the progress made in describing the biological significance of Rip2 and the mode of regulation of this kinase. Further studies considering Rip2 as a target of intervention have the potential to be of great clinical value.
Biosynthesis of the microtubule-destabilizing diterpene pseudolaric acid B from golden larch involves an unusual diterpene synthase (2017)

The diversity of small molecules formed via plant diterpene metabolism offers a rich source of known and potentially new biopharmaceuticals. Among these, the microtubule-destabilizing activity of pseudolaric acid B (PAB) holds promise for new anticancer agents. PAB is found, perhaps uniquely, in the coniferous tree golden larch (Pseudolarix amabilis, Pxa). Here we describe the discovery and mechanistic analysis of golden larch terpene synthase 8 (PxaTPS8), an unusual diterpene synthase (diTPS) that catalyzes the first committed step in PAB biosynthesis. Mining of the golden larch root transcriptome revealed a large TPS family, including the monofunctional class I diTPS PxaTPS8, which converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate into a previously unknown 5,7-fused bicyclic diterpene, coined "pseudolaratriene." Combined NMR and quantum chemical analysis verified the structure of pseudolaratriene, and co-occurrence with PxaTPS8 and PAB in P amabilis tissues supports the intermediacy of pseudolaratriene in PAB metabolism. Although PxaTPS8 adopts the typical three-domain structure of diTPSs, sequence phylogeny places the enzyme with two-domain TPSs of mono- and sesqui-terpene biosynthesis. Site-directed mutagenesis of PxaTPS8 revealed several catalytic residues that, together with quantum chemical calculations, suggested a substantial divergence of PxaTPS8 from other TPSs leading to a distinct carbocation-driven reaction mechanism en route to the 5,7-trans-fused bicyclic pseudolaratriene scaffold. PxaTPS8 expression in microbial and plant hosts provided proof of concept for metabolic engineering of pseudolaratriene.
Optimization of the energy output in pulsed lasers (1982)

The time dependence of the reflection of the output mirror for a two-level pulsed laser is determined for an arbitrary time-dependent pumping rate. The result derived using the methods of optimal control theory is given as an explicit function of time. The optimal reflectivity eliminates relaxation oscillation spikes so that the output is a smooth function of time. Moreover, the peak instantaneous intracavity photon density of the optimal solution is significantly reduced relative to the photon density using constant reflectivity, thereby increasing the fluence without reaching the damage threshold. Numerical examples for a Nd+3/YAG system is provided. A practical feedback mechanism for controlling the output mirror reflectivity as a function of time that well approximates the optimal solution is proposed.
Advanced Filtration Membranes for the Removal of Perfluoroalkyl Species from Water (2019)

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two perfluoroalkyl substances that have been shown to result in several adverse health effects, including birth defects, kidney/testicular cancer, as well as liver and thyroid damage. The surfactant nature of PFOS and PFOA in water makes these compounds extremely difficult to remove from drinking water. In this paper, an efficient method to remove PFOS and PFOA from drinking water using linear fluorinated silane-functionalized aluminum oxide hydroxide (γ-AlOOH) nanowhiskers was developed. Filters functionalized with linear fluorinated silanes containing 13-17 fluorine atoms were able to remove >90% of the PFOS/PFOA at a very high flux of 1223 L/m<sup>2</sup>·h. However, due to the hydrophobicity of these linear fluorinated silanes, high pressure drop was also noted across the membrane thickness during the filtration process. To reduce the back-pressure drop, linear fluorinated silanes with appended hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) units were synthesized, and it was further demonstrated that the new hydrophilic linear fluorinated silane dramatically reduced the pressure drop of the γ-AlOOH filter while maintaining 99.9% PFOS and PFOA reduction. Adsorption tests were performed to understand the removal mechanism.
Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Composition on Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions (1989)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Increasingly stringent emission requirements for heavy-duty diesel engines stresses the importance of both engine design and diesel fuel quality. The Coordinating Research Council sponsored this test work to yield quantitative emission data and emission models to relate diesel fuel properties to emissions from modern heavy-duty diesel engines. Regulated and selected unregulated emissions from three engines were measured over the EPA transient test procedure using several fuels having controlled variation in three primary fuel properties: aromatics, volatility (as the 90 percent boiling point temperature), and sulfur.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Models for transient composite emissions were obtained using multiple linear regression techniques, and changes to regulated emissions for selected changes in fuel properties were estimated from the models. Of the three primary fuel variables, aromatic content and volatility were significant for emissions of HC, CO, and NO<sub>x</sub>. Aromatics and sulfur were significant for total particulate. Decreasing fuel aromatic content, sulfur, and volatility (increasing 90 percent boiling point temperature) were generally associated with reductions to regulated emissions.</div>
A recent case of congenital malaria in Singapore. (1996)

We report a case of congenital malaria in a 2-month-old baby girl, born in Singapore of a Singaporean mother, who presented with fever for one week, gross hepatosplenomegaly and anaemia (haemoglobin 5.6 g/dL) and thrombocytopenia. Peripheral blood films showed Plasmodium vivax. There was no local transmission at that time, but the mother had spent the first 6 months of her pregnancy in Pakistan, where she had been treated for prolonged fever at 4 months amenorrhoea with ibuprofen alone. The mother and 2 siblings were asymptomatic and repeatedly tested negative on blood films for malaria parasites, but the mother tested positive for antibodies to Plasmodium on the Fluorescent Antibody Test. The child was treated with oral chloroquine and made an uneventful recovery. We postulate that this is believed to be the first recent case of congenital malaria in Singapore since it was declared malaria free in 1982. The diagnosis should be considered in babies of mothers who have travelled to places where malaria is endemic, as maternal infection may be unrecognised, and the child may be asymptomatic at birth.
Museo de los Molinos. Palma de Mallorca (2002)

La intervencion incluye la rehabilitacion de un antiguo molino harinero como museo de la propia construccion y de esta interesante tipologia de la arquitectura tradicional balear; la actuacion contempla, ademas, la ordenacion de los espacios exteriores mas proximos al molino —con la creacion de una pequena plaza de ingreso, apoyada en una reducida construccion auxiliar— que se prolongan al tratamiento concedido a al azotea superior de la edificacion. La intervencion se basa en un permanente juego dialectico entre una serie de dualidades en contraste: entre el macizo y el vacio, entre la intensa luz exterior y la vaga penumbra de los espacios interiores, entre la preexistencia y la contemporaneidad, entre el contundente caracter de materiales y texturas y la propia condicion de la luz que penetra en el interior.
Potential for extending survival of peripheral intravenous infusions. (1992)

Although many intravenous infusions run uneventfully and are stopped electively, others fail prematurely and the needle or cannula needs to be resited. Information is sparse, but the average survival of infusions in the 1950s was shorter than it is now,' probably less than 24 hours. This seems to have increased to one to two days in the early 1970s and is now about two to four days. The increase in survival was initially due to replacing red rubber infusion sets with plastic tubing,2 while subsequent improvement may have been due to better quality control by manufacturers of drugs and solu- tions.
Impact of Solvents Treatment on the Wettability of Froth Solids (2010)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of solvent addition to bitumen froth on the wettability of froth solids. The wettability of solids determines the transportation/partitioning of the solids between phases, which in turn affects the solids and water rejection in a Clark hot water extraction process (CHWE). The impact of solvents treatment on the wettability of froth solids was studied using both a model system and a real bitumen froth system. The vulnerabilities of four kinds of model minerals to hydrocarbon contamination/wettability alteration in different solvents were compared and discussed by considering solvent composition and mineral types. The wettability of solids extracted from the industrial froth using different solvents was also compared. The XRD analysis on these solids confirmed the partitioning behavior of solids observed in model solids system. The results from this study indicate that the composition of paraffinic/aromatic solvent in an industrial froth treatment process could be tailor-optimized to achieve a better solids/water rejection.