gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Massively parallel data optimization (2003)

Techniques for the automatic layout of arrays in a Fortran compiler supporting Fortran 8* array features and targeted to the Connection Machine computer system are discussed. The goal is primarily to minimize the costs of moving data between processors and secondarily to minimize memory usage. Improved array layout may allow communications operations to be eliminated or to be replaced by more specialized communications operations with lower costs. The authors discuss a typical example of a code fragment that can be improved by a factor of 2 in memory consumption and a factor of 20 in speed. It is shown that this compilation approach performs analysis of usage patterns and determines the allocation strategy for each occurrence of an array section. The potential performance impact of this compilation technology is measured in orders of magnitude rather than percentages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreak in the Republic of Korea, 2015 (2015)

A single imported MERS-CoV infection case imposed a huge threat to public health and safety. This highlights the importance of robust preparedness and optimal infection prevention control. The lessons learned from the current outbreak will contribute to more up-to-date guidelines and global health security.
Structural determinants of spermidine–DNA interactions (1987)

Abstract Twelve different analogs of spermidine (SPD) and SPD itself were compared for their ability to modulate two conformational transitions of DNA; the B‐to‐Z conformational transition of poly(dG‐me 5 dC) and the thermal melting transition of calf thymus DNA. The analogs consisted of five N‐ethyl‐SPD derivatives [N 1 ‐ethyl‐SPD, N 4 ‐ethyl‐SPD, N 8 ‐ethyl‐SPD, N 1 ,N 8 ‐bis(ethyl)SPD and N 1 ,N 4 ,N 8 ‐tri(ethyl)SPD], which differed in the number and/or position of the ethyl substitution (the alkyl series); three N‐acetyl‐SPD derivatives (N 1 ‐acetyl‐SPD, N 4 ‐acetyl‐SPD, and N 8 ‐acetyl‐SPD), which were comparable to the N‐ethyl‐SPD derivatives but not protonated at the substituted amine (the acyl series); three aliphatic analogs [nor‐SPD, homo‐SPD, and N 1 ,N 9 ‐bis(ethyl)homo‐SPD], which differed in the interamine carbon chain length (homolog series), and 1,8‐diaminooctane, which was comparable in overall chain length to SPD but lacked a central nitrogen. By comparing the relative abilities of the various analogs and SPD to modulate DNA structural transitions, it is possible to gain insight into the relative significance of the number and location of protonated amines (acyl series), the number and location of steric groups (alkyl series), aliphatic chain length (homolog series), and the central amine (1,8‐diaminooctane) as determinants of SPD–DNA interactions. The B‐to‐Z conformational transition was facilitated to a midpoint by 2.4 μ M SPD under conditions of low (i.e., 11 m M Na + ) ionic strength. The phenomenon was affected most significantly by the number of protonated amines followed in rank order by location of the protonated amines, number of steric groups (bulk), steric group location, and aliphatic chain length. Stabilization of DNA to thermal melting was also most affected by the number of protonated amines followed by aliphatic chain length, number of steric groups, and location of protonated amines. In general, substitutions at the central (N 4 ) amine of SPD exerted a significant influence on the B‐to‐Z transition but not on thermal melting.
Richard F. Tomasson, Sweden: Prototype of Modern Society. New York: Random House, 1970, pp. xv, 302. - Joseph B. BoardJr., The Government and Politics of Sweden. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1970, pp. xi, 270. (1972)

Richard F. Tomasson, Sweden: Prototype of Modern Society. New York: Random House, 1970, pp. xv, 302. - Joseph B. BoardJr., The Government and Politics of Sweden. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1970, pp. xi, 270. - Volume 5 Issue 1
A RFID-based tracking system of endoscopes (2011)

The cleaning and disinfection of the endoscopes are extremely important for reducing endoscopic transmission of infections in hospitals. There have been many such cases of medical accidents reported in the history and most are caused by poor management. According to the Technical Specifications for the Cleaning and Disinfection of Endoscopes (2004) of China, this paper has presented a tracking system based on the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to provide a better management of the endoscopes. It can efficiently prevent the potential medical errors by recording and checking the current state of the endoscopes, and it can provide a better traceability of the daily operations of the endoscopes by saving the historical using, cleaning and disinfection records. Preliminary clinical application was tested in the endoscope center of a 2200-bed hospital in Hangzhou, China. The result has expectantly demonstrated that it can effectively standardize the operation procedures and reduce the medical errors. Further evaluation of its usefulness and the user satisfaction will be done in the future.
Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates (1990)

Androgen receptor was detected immunohistochemically in benign as well as malignant prostatic tissues by using a monoclonal rat anti-human androgen receptor antibody (AN 1-15). In both benign and malignant cells, the androgen receptor was exclusively localized in nuclei. In hyperplastic prostate, the androgen receptor was stained in the glandular and the stromal cells. In the gland, cells facing the lumen were stained more intensively than those adjacent to the basal membrane. In cancer tissue, receptor-positive and -negative cancer cells were intermingled. The percent of strongly positive cancer cells was correlated inversely with grade. Relapsed cells showed a low population of strongly positive cells irrespective of grade.
CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF ASSOCIATION OF CYSTATIN C AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (2014)

Some studies have disclosed atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with inflammation. Cystatin C is not only inflammatory markers but also an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Aim. We sought to investigate the relationship between serum levels of cystatin C and the occurrence and development of AF. Material and methods . 134 paroxysmal and persistent AF (AF1 group) and 121 permanent AF (AF2 group) patients in AF group and 154 healthy people in control group were prospectively measured for cystatin C, other inflammatory markers, biochemical indicators, left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular diameter (LVD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results. (1) Compared with control and AF1 groups, AF2 group had higher values of cystatin C, high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), LAD and LVD whereas lower values of LVEF (P<0.05). (2) After adjust for age, gender and body mass index (BMI), correlation analysis showed that serum level of cystatin C was closely related to hsCRP, LAD, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and creatinine, the correlation coefficient were respectively 0.658, 0.502, 0.475 and 0.530 (P<0.01), but negatively associated with LVEF (P=0.011) in AF group. (3) Multivariate regression analysis showed the hsCRP, cystatin C, LAD and LVEF entered finally into the regression equation (cystatin C, OR: 3.41, 95%CI: 1.09–11.08, P=0.009). Conclusion . The serum levels of cystatin C has significant correlation with AF, which indicates cystatin C may play an important role in the process of AF development.
Unusual Electronic Properties of Defect and Substituted Oxides with the Rutile Structure. (1987)

Abstract : The work that is reported in this final technical report covers the period from April 15, 1983 to September 15, 1986 and deals with the preparation and electronic properties of vanadium oxides. This work was carried out in order to determine whether the transition observed in VO2 would be altered as a result of small changes in vanadium oxygen stoichiometry. The work reported by Magneli and his co-workers was confirmed in that there are a number of vanadium oxygen phases with varying amounts of vanadium +3/+4. This gives rise to a series of compounds, each of which has its own distinct electronic transitions. The effect of pressure on these transitions was also studied during our investigation. Keywords: Vanadium oxides; Crystal growth; High pressure transformation; Mott transition; Electrical conductivity; Magnetic susceptibility.
Active amino acid transport in plasma membrane vesicles from Simian virus 40-transformed mouse fibroblasts. Characteristics of electrochemical Na+ gradient-stimulated uptake. (1977)

Selectively permeable membrane vesicles isolated from Simian virus 40-transformed mouse fibroblasts catalyzed Na+ gradient-coupled active transport of several neutral amino acids dissociated from intracellular metabolism. Na+-stimulated alanine transport activity accompanied plasma membrane material during centrifugation in discontinuous dextran 110 gradients. Carrier-mediated transport into the vesicle was demonstrated. When Na+ was equilibrated across the membrane, countertransport stimulation of L-[3H]alanine uptake occurred in the presence of accumulated unlabeled L-alanine, 2-aminoisobutyric acid, or L-methionine. Competitive interactions among neutral amino acids, pH profiles, and apparent Km values for Na+ gradient-stimulated transport into vesicles were similar to those previously described for amino acid uptake in Ehrlich ascites cells, which suggests that the transport activity assayed in vesicles is a component of the corresponding cellular uptake process. Both the initial rate and quasi-steady state of uptake were stimulated as a function of a Na+ gradient (external Na+ greater than internal Na+) applied artificially across the membrane and were independent of endogenous (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity. Stimulation by Na+ was decreased when the Na+ gradient was dissipated by monensin, gramicidin D or Na+ preincubation. Na+ decreased the apparent Km for alanine, 2-aminoisobutyric acid, and glutamine transport. Na+ gradient-stimulated amino acid transport was electrogenic, stimulated by conditions expected to generate an interior-negative membrane potential, such as the presence of the permeant anions NO3- and SCN-. Na+-stimulated L-alanine transport was also stimulated by an electrogenic potassium diffusion potential (K+ internal greater than K+ external) catalyzed by valinomycin; this stimulation was blocked by nigericin. These observations provide support for a mechanism of active neutral amino acid transport via the "A system" of the plasma membrane in which both a Na+ gradient and membrane potential contribute to the total driving force.
Review of Regenerative Adsorption Heat Pumps (2005)

NASA is again considering a permanent lunar base as part of its new “Exploration Vision.” Because the lunar surface reaches 100 ◦ C near the equator during the lunar day (14.75 Earth days) and −100 ◦ C during the lunar night (also 14.75 Earth days), some type of heat pump is needed to elevate the temperature of absorbed sunlight and interior waste heat in order to reject it to space. An earlier investigation by M. A. Lambert (“Conceptual Design of a Regenerative Adsorption Heat Pump for a Lunar Base,” AIAA Paper 99-0465, 1999) identified adsorption (solid‐vapor) heat pumps as one of two technologies best suited to this application, the other being a mechanical vapor compression device with a high-efficiency centrifugal compressor. In order to properly preface the creation of a detailed design for an adsorption heat pump, this investigation reviews the state of the art in adsorption heat pumps, specifically the recently developed, much more efficient, regenerative variants. The principal figures of merit are the coefficient of performance for cooling (COPC) and the specific cooling power. Nonregenerative adsorption heat pumps exhibit a COPC of only 0.3 to 0.4, whereas regenerative designs have achieved a COPC of 1.1 with 70% regeneration of waste heat. Attention has focused on maximizing overall heat transfer coefficient and minimizing nonadsorbent mass of the most critical component, the adsorption bed, while maintaining adequate vapor permeability. This involves establishing a thermal wave temperature gradient traversing the bed, which minimizes the temperature difference for heat transfer and entropy generation. A number of novel designs have resulted. The most studied adsorbents are zeolites (a class of highly nanoscopically porous minerals), activated graphite, and silica gel. The refrigerants receiving the greatest attention are ammonia, methanol, and water.
Switching and memory phenomena in Langmuir–Blodgett films with scanning tunneling microscope (1992)

The current-voltage characteristic has been measured for a probe/Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film/metal structure with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The rapid increase of current and substantial increase in conductance have been found when a critical positive voltage was applied to the probe. A bright spot in the STM image has been observed at the position where the increase in the conductance occurred. The changes in the STM images are attributed to the change in the conductance of LB films themselves rather than the surface topography, and may be associated with the switching phenomena in LB films.
Speckle Reduction with Virtual Incoherent Laser Illumination Using a Modified Fiver Array (1993)

A novel technique for speckle reduction is proposed, in which a spatially coherent illumination coming from a laser source is converted into an extended partially incoherent laser illumination without employing any moving mechanical part. This is accomplished by using a combination of semiconductor laser and modified fiber array. The modified fiber array consists of N fiber-guides in which the length difference of any two fibers is greater than the coherence length of the light source. The combined exit surfaces of all fiber guides resembled an extended, quasi-monochromatic partially incoherent source. Out technique requires only an integration time to within the response time of a detector for one image-frame to average speckle, and suffers minimum loss of energy
A New Process for Acrylamide Synthesis by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Acrylonitrile in Disperse System (2009)

MARIUS TUDORASCU1*, SPIRIDON OPREA2, AFRODITA DOINA MARCULESCU3, MARIA POPOVICI4, STEFANIA TUDORASCU 5 1Office for Pedological and Agrochemical Studies, 131 Lanternei Str., 023093, Bucharest, Romania 2Gh. Asachi University, 3 Bahluiului Str.,700115, 700029, Iasi, Romania 3 Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115, Iasi, Romania 4Pro-Bio Research Institute, Petrobrazi, 0244, Ploiesti, Romania 5 Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060022, Bucharest, Romania
Measuring Semantic Similarity in Short Texts through Greedy Pairing and Word Semantics. (2012)

The ability of children to cope with a chronic medical problem requiring prolonged treatment has an effect on the quality of life of these children and of their parents and serves as an index of the quality of treatment. This study deals with coping ability and satisfaction with treatment of children whose stature was two or more SD below the average for age and gender. The study population included 96 patients, 53 of whom were male, who were on growth hormone (GH) treatment for at least 1 year. 65 patients were without any underlying disease, 15 had classical GH deficiency and 16 had Turner syndrome or renal disease. All patients were treated with daily injections at home from 12 to 66 months. Using a self-administered questionnaire, the ability to cope and the degree of satisfaction and compliance with treatment were assessed. No significant differences were found with respect to gender, the presence of an underlying disease, age at which treatment commenced or duration of treatment. Despite the fact that the outcome of GH treatment on final height has yet to be established, satisfaction and compliance were high.
A Complex Interplay among Virus, Dendritic Cells, T Cells, and Cytokines in Dengue Virus Infections (2008)

Severe dengue virus (DV) infections can cause the life-threatening condition dengue hemorrhagic fever, which is characterized by a severe plasma leak, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and, in severe cases, circulatory collapse and death. There is now much evidence that pre-existing immunity to DV can enhance disease when an individual becomes infected on a second or sequential occasion. It has been shown that in contrast to infected dendritic cells (DC), noninfected bystander DC underwent maturation in dengue infection. In this study, we show that TNF-alpha and type I IFN contribute to the maturation of bystander DC, whereas the inhibition of DV-infected DC maturation can be overcome by activated T cells. Furthermore, IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines, CXCL9, 10, and 11 produced by infected DC are greatly amplified in the presence of DV-specific T cells. The chemokine secretion is also enhanced in coculture of HUVEC with either DV-infected DC or activated T cells. Finally, we found a close correlation between the serum level of these three chemokines and disease severity.
Skeletonization for reinitialization in level-set-based vascular tree segmentation (2004)

An extension to level set based segmentation is proposed for vascular tree delineation. The method starts with topology extraction, by a shape constrained level set evolution steered by a strictly positive, image base speed function to ensure some oversegmentation. Next, the skeleton of the resulting oversegmentation is determined, which then is used to initialise another level set steered by a speed function with both negative and positive speed forces based on image features, to obtain a most accurate segmentation. The novelty of our approach lies in the shape constraint that is imposed implicitly on the first level set evolution. We apply repeatedly re-initializations of this evolution with a topology preserving skeleton of the current zero level set. We compare this method with a plain level set evolution steered by the same full range speed function. Both are initialised by placing a single seed point at the root of the vessel tree. Pilot experiments on twelve multislice CT data sets of the Circle of Willis show that our method is capable of segmenting the smaller branches at the distal part of the vessel tree structures and has the potential to segment vessels which are distal to a severe stenosis or occlusion.
Time-Compressed Single-Sideband System (Ticoss) (1958)

This paper describes a time-compressed singlesideband system (Ticoss), which, by use of time-sharing techniques, avoids many of the problems of a frequency-multiplexed system of the same capacity. Included in the discussion is a description of compressor-expander units for both voice and digital data systems.
A Bi‐Lineage Conducive Scaffold for Osteochondral Defect Regeneration (2014)

Because cartilage and bone tissues have different lineage‐specific biological properties, it is challenging to fabricate a single type of scaffold that can biologically fulfill the requirements for regeneration of these two lineages simultaneously within osteochondral defects. To overcome this challenge, a lithium‐containing mesoporous bioglass (Li‐MBG) scaffold is developed. The efficacy and mechanism of Li‐MBG for regeneration of osteochondral defects are systematically investigated. Histological and micro‐CT results show that Li‐MBG scaffolds significantly enhance the regeneration of subchondral bone and hyaline cartilage‐like tissues as compared to pure MBG scaffolds, upon implantation in rabbit osteochondral defects for 8 and 16 weeks. Further investigation demonstrates that the released Li+ ions from the Li‐MBG scaffolds may play a key role in stimulating the regeneration of osteochondral defects. The corresponding mechanistic pathways involve Li+ ions enhancing the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) through activation of the Wnt signalling pathway, as well as Li+ ions protecting chondrocytes and cartilage tissues from the inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA) environment through activation of autophagy. These findings suggest that the incorporation of Li+ ions into bioactive MBG scaffolds is a viable strategy for fabricating bi‐lineage conducive scaffolds that enhance regeneration of osteochondral defects.
Urocortin 3 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and energy homeostasis (2007)

Urocortin 3 (Ucn 3), a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides, is strongly expressed in mammalian pancreatic beta cells and has been shown to stimulate insulin secretion. Here we report the investigation of the hypothesis that endogenous Ucn 3 regulates insulin secretion, particularly in the presence of nutrient excess. Secretion of Ucn 3-like immunoreactivity from cultured beta cells was stimulated by high glucose and insulin secretagogs such as GLP-1; furthermore, 5 pancreatic Ucn 3 mRNA levels in vivo were increased during the positive energy balance caused by high-fat diet and by the absence of leptin. Immunoneutralization of Ucn 3 or pharmacologic blockade of its receptor, the type 2 CRF receptor (CRFR2), attenuated high but not low glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated islets in vitro. Cultured islets isolated from Ucn 3-null mice also secreted less insulin in response to high glucose concentrations. Consistently, peripheral injection of a selective CRFR2 antagonist before the administration of a glucose challenge significantly attenuated glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo. Ucn 3-null mice were relatively protected from the hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and hypertriglyceridemia induced by high-fat diet. Additionally, we found that aged Ucn 3-null mice maintained better glucose tolerance than age-matched wild-type littermates. These results suggest that endogenous Ucn 3 in the pancreas is induced under excessive caloric conditions and acts locally to augment insulin production, which in the long-term may contribute to reduced insulin sensitivity and harmful metabolic consequences.
Improving Driver Identification for the Next-Generation of In-Vehicle Software Systems (2019)

This paper deals with driver identification and fingerprinting and its application for enhanced driver profiling and car security in connected cars. We introduce a new driver identification model based on collected data from smartphone sensors, and/or the OBD-II protocol, using convolutional neural networks, and recurrent neural networks (long short-term memory) RNN/LSTM. Unlike the existing works, we use a cross-validation technique that provides reproducible results when applied on unseen realistic data. We also studied the robustness of the model to sensor data anomalies. The obtained results show that our model accuracy remains acceptable even when the rate of the anomalies increases substantially. Finally, the proposed model was tested on different datasets and implemented in Automotive Grade Linux Framework, as a real-time anti-theft and the driver profiling system.