gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of tissue and plasma kallikreins and kinin B<sub>1</sub>and B<sub>2</sub>receptors in lung cancer (2008)

Tissue kallikrein (hK1) and plasma kallikrein (PK, hKB1) are serine proteases that produce biologically active kinin peptides from endogenous kininogen substrates. There is evidence linking the kallikreins and the mitogenic kinin peptides to carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of tissue prokallikrein (pro-hK1), plasma prekallikrein (PPK, pre-hKB1) and kinin B1 and B2 receptor proteins in different subtypes of lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry, using specific antibodies, was performed on archived normal lung sections and sections from adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, large cell carcinomas, small cell carcinomas and carcinoid tumours of the lung. Immunoperoxidase labelling was visualised by brightfield microscopy and immunofluorescence labelling by confocal microscopy. Extensive cytoplasmic expression of pro-hK1 and PPK was observed, which was similar in small cell and non-small cell tumours. However, nuclear labelling for the kallikreins was absent or limited. The kinin B1 and B2 receptors were highly expressed in the cytoplasm of all tumour types and in the nuclei of non-small cell tumours. Further studies are required to assess the functional significance of the expression of hK1, PK and kinin receptors in lung tumours, and whether any of these proteins may be potential biomarkers for specific subtypes of lung carcinoma.
Post Silicon Power/Performance Optimization in the Presence of Process Variations Using Individual Well-Adaptive Body Biasing (2007)

The economics of continued scaling of silicon process technologies beyond the 90-nm node will face significant challenges due to variability. The increasing relative magnitude of within die process variations will cause power-frequency distributions to widen, thus, reducing manufacturing yields. Mitigating the effects of these process variations can be done by using the proposed individual well-adaptive body biasing (IWABB) scheme of locally generated body biases. IWABB allows for highly localized circuit optimizations with very little overhead in silicon area and routing resources. We present two algorithms to find near-optimal configurations of these biases which can be applied as postsilicon tuning. The proposed IWABB scheme can improve an initial yield from 12% to 73%
Elliptical field‐of‐view PROPELLER imaging (2009)

Traditionally two-dimensional scans are designed to support an isotropic field-of-view (iFOV). When imaging elongated objects, significant savings in scan time can potentially be achieved by supporting an elliptical field-of-view (eFOV). This work presents an empirical closed-form solution to adapt the PROPELLER trajectory for an eFOV. The proposed solution is built on the geometry of the PROPELLER trajectory permitting the scan prescription and data reconstruction to remain largely similar to standard PROPELLER. The achieved FOV is experimentally validated by the point spread function (PSF) of a phantom scan. The details of potential savings in scan time and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance in comparison to iFOV scans for both phantom and in-vivo images are also described.
Schottky contact between metal and two-dimensional electron gas: device applications to low-noise optical detectors (2002)

The current-voltage behaviour of a modified metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure based on direct contact to an AlGaAs-GaAs heterojunction is presented. An analytical description of Schottky contact between metal and the two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) and its effects on current transport are investigated to better understand device operation. Thermionic emission calculations lead to a barrier enhancement factor of exp(-E/sub 0//k/sub B/T). The new device demonstrates reduction in dark current as well as higher responsivity and lower reach-through voltage.
Thrombin-activated human platelets acutely generate oxidized docosahexaenoic-acid-containing phospholipids via 12-lipoxygenase (2010)

Arachidonate-containing oxidized phospholipids are acutely generated by 12-LOX (12-lipoxygenase) in agonist-activated platelets. In the present study, formation of structurally related lipids by oxidation of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)-containing phospholipids is demonstrated using lipidomic approaches. Precursor scanning reverse-phase LC (liquid chromatography)-MS/MS (tandem MS) identified a new family of lipids that comprise phospholipid-esterified HDOHE (hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid). Two diacyl and two plasmalogen PEs (phosphatidylethanolamines) containing predominantly the 14-HDOHE positional isomer (18:0p/14-HDOHE-PE, 18:0a/14-HDOHE-PE, 16:0a/14-HDOHE-PE and 16:0p/14-HDOHE-PE) were structurally characterized using MS/MS and by comparison with biogenic standards. An involvement of 12-LOX was indicated as purified recombinant human 12-LOX also generated the 14-HDOHE isomer from DHA. Pharmacological studies using inhibitors and recombinant platelet 12-LOX indicate that they form via esterification of newly formed non-esterified HDOHE. HDOHE-PEs formed at significant rates (2-4 ng/4×10(7) cells) within 2-180 min of thrombin stimulation, and their formation was blocked by calcium chelation. In summary, a new family of oxidized phospholipid was identified in thrombin-activated human platelets.
Sweeping with an Enhanced Electric Field of Neutral Analyte Zones in Electrokinetic Chromatography (1999)

The concept of sweeping has been used in electrokinetic chromatography to explain the concentrating mechanism in micellar electrokinetic chromatography when the sample matrix is a high resistivity non-micellar aqueous solution. Theoretical and experimental studies were undertaken. It was found that the total focusing effect is brought about by the cumulative effect of sweeping and sample stacking. For better analytical results, compounds showing low to moderate retention factors (k) and compounds showing high values of k must be dissolved in low and high conductivity matrices, respectively.
Purification and characterization of the glycine receptor of pig spinal cord (1985)

A large-scale purification procedure was developed to isolate the glycine receptor of pig spinal cord by affinity chromatography on aminostrychnine agarose. After an overall purification of about 10 000-fold, the glycine receptor preparations contained three major polypeptides of Mr 48 000, 58 000, and 93 000. Photoaffinity labeling with [3H]strychnine showed that the [3H]strychnine binding site is associated with the Mr 48 000 and, to a much lesser extent, the Mr 58 000 polypeptides. [3H]Strychnine binding to the purified receptor exhibited a dissociation constant KD of 13.8 nM and was inhibited by the agonists glycine, taurine, and beta-alanine. Gel filtration and sucrose gradient centrifugation gave a Stokes radius of 7.1 nm and an apparent sedimentation coefficient of 9.6 S. Peptide mapping of the [3H]strychnine-labeled Mr 48 000 polypeptides of purified pig and rat glycine receptor preparations showed that the strychnine binding region of this receptor subunit is highly conserved between these species. Also, three out of six monoclonal antibodies against the glycine receptor of rat spinal cord significantly cross-reacted with their corresponding polypeptides of the pig glycine receptor. These results show that the glycine receptor of pig spinal cord is very similar to the well-characterized rat receptor protein and can be purified in quantities sufficient for protein chemical analysis.
Risk, Transgression and Substance Use: An Ethnography of Young British Tourists in Ibiza (2025)

British youth have a notorious reputation for binge drinking, drug use, sex and risk behaviours within most major European holiday resorts. Consequently, there is much concern about their social activities abroad - especially in the Spanish Balearics. While research has documented these behaviours among British youth on these islands, it has tended to rely on survey data and oﬀ ered little understanding of why these behaviours might take place. This is the principle aim of our paper. Our research aims were to examine the drinking attitudes among British youth abroad and investigate the reasons that underpin these attitudes. Additional research interests were drug use, sex and risk behaviours. The paper is based on ﬁ ndings from ethnographic research with British youth in San Antonio, Ibiza. We spent one week with British youth and undertook participant observation and 17 focus groups (equating to 97 young people aged 17 to 31). The data suggests that British youth engage in these behaviours because they are exciting; to escape the constraints of work and family in the UK; and because these behaviours are integral to the construction of their life biographies and identities. The data also indicates that these behaviours are aggressively endorsed by various aspects of the social context of Ibiza.
State-of-the-Art Report on the Use of Alcohols in Diesel Engines (1984)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The concept of using alcohol fuels as alternatives to diesel fuel in diesel engines is a recent one. The scarcity of transportation petroleum fuels which developed in the early 1970's spurred many efforts to find alternatives. Alcohols were quickly recognized as prime candidates to displace or replace high octane petroleum fuels. However, alternatives to the large demand for diesel fuel in many countries were not as evident. Innovative thinking led to various techniques by which alcohol fuels can partially or completely displace diesel fuel in diesel transportation vehicles.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The methods of using alcohol fuels in diesel engines (in order of increasing diesel fuel displacement) include solutions, emulsions, fumigation, dual injection, spark ignition, and ignition improvers. Power output, thermal efficiency and exhaust emissions can change significantly depending on the techniques employed. Reliability and durability still need to be demonstrated for most of these techniques.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Work in the future will determine which of these techniques are best. Testing will evolve to include more on-road, in-use type tests. Additional techniques such as “hot-spot” ignition will be researched.</div>
Improving Phase Estimation With Leakage Minimization (2005)

This paper presents possibilities of an error reduction of the phase estimation with an interpolated discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The properties of interpolations are studied for the rectangular and Hanning windows with respect to their ability for correction systematic effects. The correction is improved by considering the leakage effect of the component spectrum. Uncertainties of the phase estimations have been studied. The simulation and experimental results are presented, showing the effectiveness in estimating the phase of the signal component.
T‐lymphocyte invasiveness: control by voltage‐gated Na<sup>+</sup> channel activity (2004)

Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed that a sub-population (10%) of Jurkat cells, a model of human T-cells, expressed a functional voltage-gated sodium channel, which was tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant. Expression of voltage-gated sodium channel protein was confirmed by western blots. Semi-quantitative PCR analysis revealed that mRNAs for the alpha-subunits of multiple voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes were present but indicated that Na(v)1.5 was the predominant subtype, consistent with the TTX-resistant nature of the recorded currents. Importantly, 10 microM TTX reduced the number of Jurkat cells invading a Matrigel basement membrane by 93.0+/-5.5%. Since similar sodium channels have also been detected in normal human T-lymphocytes, it is concluded that the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels could represent a novel mechanism potentiating the invasive capacity of these cells.
The importance of the mode of transport in self-drive tourism (2011)

[Extract] The diversity of self-drive tourism markets is apparent in the different experiences they seek, and the different types of people who undertake those
experiences. The first part of this book included a number of dimensions of this - differences based on the country of origin and the sort of trips that the geography, history and culture make possible, and differences based on
the destination and the sort of trip that its geography, infrastructure and amenity suggest. This geographic theme is picked up again later in the book (Carson, this volume, Chapter 25). Diversity can also come from the demographic
characteristics of travellers, and various chapters discuss diversity as a sub-theme. This second part of the book is most interested in how the type of vehicle makes a difference to the type of self-drive trip. The vehicle can often be associated with specific markets - Hardy and
Gretzel's RVers tend to be older couples (Hardy and Gretzel, this volume, Chapter 15), while Walker's motorcyclists have traditionally been young males (Walker, this volume, Chapter 12). But the demographics can change
over time, and Walker comments on the ageing of the motorcycle touring market. The vehicle can sometimes be associated with multiple markets. The four-wheel-drive and SUV vehicles at the centre of research by Taylor
and Carson (this volume, Chapter 17), and Prideaux and Coghlan (this volume, Chapter 18) cater for old and young markets as well as families. Irrespective of the demographics, the vehicles allow for, and inspire, different
types of trips. They demand different levels and types of infrastructure, they allow different lengths of trips, they suit different types of destinations, they imply different travel party sizes and so on. The aim of this chapter is to
briefly describe the importance of the type of vehicle to understanding the self-drive tourism market as an introduction to the proceeding chapters, which then link specific vehicle types to emerging markets and global trends.
Au Nanowire Fabrication from Sequenced Histidine-Rich Peptide (2002)

A new biological approach to fabricate Au nanowires was examined by using sequenced histidine-rich peptide nanowires as templates. The sequenced histidine-rich peptide molecules were assembled as nanowires, and the biological recognition of the sequenced peptide toward Au lead to efficient Au coating on the nanowires. Monodisperse Au nanocrystals were uniformly coated on the histidine peptide nanowires with the high-density coverage, and the crystalline phases of the Au nanocrystals were observed as (111) and (220). The uniformity of the Au coating on the nanowires without contamination of precipitated Au aggregates is advantageous for the fabrication of electronics and sensor devices when the nanowires are used as the building blocks. We believe this simple metal nanowire fabrication method can be applied to various metals and semiconductors with peptides whose sequences are known to mineralize specific ions.
tDNA insulators and the emerging role of TFIIIC in genome organization (2012)

Recent findings provide evidence that tDNAs function as chromatin insulators from yeast to humans. TFIIIC, a transcription factor that interacts with the B-box in tDNAs as well as thousands of ETC sites in the genome, is responsible for insulator function. Though tDNAs are capable of enhancer-blocking and barrier activities for which insulators are defined, new insights into the relationship between insulators and chromatin structure suggest that TFIIIC serves a complex role in genome organization. We review the role of tRNA genes and TFIIIC as chromatin insulators, and highlight recent findings that have broadened our understanding of insulators in genome biology.
Mechanism-based treatments for Alzheimer's disease (2009)

Treatment for Alzheimer's disease is entering a new and exciting phase, with several new drugs beginning clinical trials. Many of these new therapies are based on our best current understanding of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and are designed to try to either slow or halt the progression of the disease. There are several different theories underlying the current efforts, and these are briefly reviewed. Therapies directed against some aspect of β-amyloid formation, against neurofibrillary tangle formation and against the inflammatory response are all considered, as are the problems associated with each area. It is as yet unclear which, if any, of these approaches will be successful, but the high level of activity in each of these three fields provides some hope that an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease is on the horizon.
Monitoring and fault diagnosis using qualitative reasoning (1988)

To improve the performance of expert systems a deep knowledge approach is recommended, whereby the process is understood in terms of the underlying physical principles and theories. This is important in process control since industrial processes are composed of physical processes. An intelligent knowledge based system is being developed in Queen Mary College for the tasks of monitoring, fault diagnosis and safety action in process control. The problem considered is to monitor the process behaviour and diagnose any of the following faults in the system: component faults; sensor faults and controller faults. >
Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Molecular Orbital Calculations of Subazaporphyrins, Subphthalocyanines, Subnaphthalocyanines, and Compounds Derived Therefrom by Ring Expansion<sup>1</sup> (1999)

A subazaporphyrin (SubAP), tert-butylated and crowned subphthalocyanines (tBSubPc and SubCRPc), a μ-oxo dimer of tert-butylated SubPc {(tBSubPc)2O}, a subnaphthalocyanine (SubNc), and monosubstituted type unsymmetrical phthalocyanine (Pc) and naphthalocyanine (Nc) analogues have been synthesized. In particular, unsymmetrical Pc's and Nc's have been prepared in moderate yields by the ring expansion reaction of structurally distorted SubPc's and SubNc's with isoindolediimine derivatives in dimethyl sulfoxide−chloronaphthalene (or chlorobenzenes or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene) mixtures. The compounds have been characterized by electronic absorption, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), fluorescence emission, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Both the Soret bands and Q-bands shift to longer wavelength and gain intensity in the order SubAP, SubPc, and SubNc. Fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes generally decrease with decreasing molecular symmetry. Circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy have revealed that a SubPc with three 15-crown-5 ether voids having a phenyl group as an axial ligand (SubCRPc) forms inclusion complexes with 2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin in acetonitrile or water−acetonitrile mixtures, while the electronic absorption spectroscopy suggests that it is not dimerized by the addition of cations such as K+, Rb+, Ce+, i.e., cations which are effective in dimerizing Pc's with 15-crown-5 ether voids. Molecular orbital (MO) calculations within the framework of the Pariser−Parr−Pople approximation have succeeded in reproducing the optical absorption experimental data of not only the parent subazamacrocycles but also Pc derivatives with lower symmetry obtained by the ring expansion reaction. The correspondence between MO calculations and experiments suggests strongly that, in the metal-free unsymmetrical Pc's, two pyrrole hydrogen atoms are bound to the nitrogens along the short axis. Comparison of formation, bonding, and donation energies between SubPc and typical Pc, i.e., MgPc by natural bond orbital analysis, suggests that the distortion energy is not the major reason for the ring expansion reactivity of SubPc, and that the lack of donor−acceptor stabilization in B−N(pyrrole) bonds destabilizes SubPc. Band deconvolution of the electronic absorption and MCD spectra of SubPc with the same set of bands (with the same centers and width) experimentally identified that the excited state of the Q-band of SubPc is orbitally degenerate, with three degenerate transitions located in the 250−450-nm region. In particular, the transition at 359 nm corresponds to a shoulder seen on the red side of the Soret band tail. Time-resolved EPR analysis has shown that the size of the π-system of SubPc is, indeed, smaller than that of Pc's.
A New Colloidal Silver Disinfectant - Effect of Environmental Factors on Bactericidal Action (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Colloidal Silver Disinfectant - Effect of Environmental Factors on Bactericidal ActionCecil W. Chambers, Leslie A. Chambers, and Paul KablerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1953, 45, 11, 2569–2571Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50527a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50527a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Trunk Demand Servicing in the Presence of Measurement Uncertainty (1980)

Demand servicing attempts to correct existing overload conditions in the trunk network in a timely and cost-effective manner. The demand servicing procedures presented in this paper achieve this goal by taking actions that have minimal effect on the existing network configuration, account for the statistical nature of the traffic measurements, and follow the network design objectives. In comparison to existing methods, these procedures should reduce unnecessary servicing activity and improve the consistency between demand servicing and planned servicing.
On fault modeling and fault tolerance of antifuse based FPGAs (2002)

The fault modeling, fault location, and fault tolerance of antifuse-based field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are discussed. The antifuse faults are divided into two categories, i.e., those that can be detected before programmation, and those that can be detected only after programmation. It is shown that some of the antifuse open and short faults may also appear as delay faults. The redundancy inherent in the FPGAs is utilized fully to achieve fault tolerance without extra circuitry.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>