gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ludwig van Beethoven: String Quartet F-Major: Introduction (2010)

On 25 June 1799 “Carl Amenda gewidmet” was written on the first version of Beethoven’s String Quartet in F Major. Yet when the revised version was finally published in June 1801 it was dedicated to Prince Josef von Lobkowitz. What clues does this thought provoking change provide about Beethoven and his music? Indeed it points to significant aspects of Beethoven's professional career, his personal life, and his music, which were already taking shape at the age of 29 years.
FasL Expression in Activated T Lymphocytes Involves HuR-mediated Stabilization (2010)

A prolonged activation of the immune system is one of the main causes of hyperproliferation of lymphocytes leading to defects in immune tolerance and autoimmune diseases. Fas ligand (FasL), a member of the TNF superfamily, plays a crucial role in controlling this excessive lymphoproliferation by inducing apoptosis in T cells leading to their rapid elimination. Here, we establish that posttranscriptional regulation is part of the molecular mechanisms that modulate FasL expression, and we show that in activated T cells FasL mRNA is stable. Our sequence analysis indicates that the FasL 3'-untranslated region (UTR) contains two AU-rich elements (AREs) that are similar in sequence and structure to those present in the 3'-UTR of TNFα mRNA. Through these AREs, the FasL mRNA forms a complex with the RNA-binding protein HuR both in vitro and ex vivo. Knocking down HuR in HEK 293 cells prevented the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced expression of a GFP reporter construct fused to the FasL 3'-UTR. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the posttranscriptional regulation of FasL mRNA by HuR represents a novel mechanism that could play a key role in the maintenance and proper functioning of the immune system.
Hybrid Polyelectrolyte Materials for Fuel Cell Applications:  Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Proton-Conducting Bridged Polysilsesquioxanes (2006)

A method for the synthesis of chemically and thermally robust sulfonic-acid-containing hybrid membrane materials has been established. These polyelectrolyte membranes are prepared by oxidation of the corresponding disulfide-bridged polysilsesquioxanes. This strategy allows for high acid-group loading. Their microstructure is determined by nitrogen adsorption porosimetry, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Application of these hybrid materials as proton-exchange membranes for fuel cells is investigated by measuring their proton conductivity, which increases linearly with increasing sulfonic acid content to 6.2 mS/cm.
Analysis of regional wall motion during contrast-enhanced dobutamine stress echocardiography: effect of contrast imaging settings (2009)

Myocardial contrast perfusion echocardiography provides equal endocardial border delineation compared with LVO modality. Although the inter-observer agreement is slightly higher with LVO compared with MCE, it is not significantly different with MCE at peak stress. Despite the similar improvement in endocardial border delineation, LVO settings allow the detection of more WMA than MCE at peak stress, leading to a significantly higher accuracy for the detection of ischaemia in patients suspected of coronary artery disease when only wall motion is taken into account.
Mammographic needle localization of lesions seen in only one view (1985)

A new xeromammographic needle localization technique for occult breast lesions seen on only one view is described, which permitted successful localization of an occult lesion visible only on mediolateral projection. To test its accuracy, the method was also applied to 15 other cases (16 lesions) where the lesion was seen in two views, but localization was performed as if it were seen in one view only. The technique takes advantage of the geometry of x-ray beam angulation and triangulation.
The basis of pod dehiscence: anatomical traits of the dehiscence zone and expression of eight pod shatter-related genes in four species of Brassicaceae (2016)

Members of the Brassicaceae family disperse their seeds through a mechanism commonly referred to as fruit dehiscence or pod shatter. Pod shatter is influenced by variations in valve margin structure and by the molecular control pathways related to valve development. Anatomical patterns of the dehiscence zone from Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L., Brassica carinata L., and Sinapis alba L., representing fruit types differing in pod shatter resistance, were compared using histological staining. The pod shatter-susceptible plant B. napus showed an increased lignin deposition at the vascular bundle of the replum as well as an increased separation of cell layers. In pod shatter-resistant plants S. alba, B. rapa, and B. carinata, we observed two layers of lignified valve margin cells. From these four species, we isolated and identified homologs of SHATTERPROOF (SHP1, SHP2), INDEHISCENT (IND), ALCATRAZ (ALC), FRUITFULL (FUL), AGAMOUS (AG), NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR1 (NST1), and SEEDSTICK (STK) genes involved in fruit development and pod shatter in Arabidopsis. Transcriptional analysis of these eight genes was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and the results demonstrate that differences in the expression patterns of the eight genes may be associated with dehiscence variation within these four species.
A Simulator Study of Tube Exchange with Three Different Designs of Double-Lumen Tubes (2014)

The Fuji-Phycon DLT was easier to pass over an AEC in this simulator trial and warrants consideration in patients with difficult airways who require 1-lung ventilation.
JNK Signaling Mediates EPHA2-Dependent Tumor Cell Proliferation, Motility, and Cancer Stem Cell–like Properties in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2014)

Recent genome-wide analyses in human lung cancer revealed that EPHA2 receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and high levels of EPHA2 correlate with poor clinical outcome. However, the mechanistic basis for EPHA2-mediated tumor promotion in lung cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the JNK/c-JUN signaling mediates EPHA2-dependent tumor cell proliferation and motility. A screen of phospho-kinase arrays revealed a decrease in phospho-c-JUN levels in EPHA2 knockdown cells. Knockdown of EPHA2 inhibited p-JNK and p-c-JUN levels in approximately 50% of NSCLC lines tested. Treatment of parental cells with SP600125, a c-JUN-NH2-kinase (JNK) inhibitor, recapitulated defects in EPHA2-deficient tumor cells, whereas constitutively activated JNK mutants were sufficient to rescue phenotypes. Knockdown of EPHA2 also inhibited tumor formation and progression in xenograft animal models in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the role of EPHA2 in cancer stem-like cells (CSC). RNA interference-mediated depletion of EPHA2 in multiple NSCLC lines decreased the ALDH(+) cancer stem-like population and tumor spheroid formation in suspension. Depletion of EPHA2 in sorted ALDH(+) populations markedly inhibited tumorigenicity in nude mice. Furthermore, analysis of a human lung cancer tissue microarray revealed a significant, positive association between EPHA2 and ALDH expression, indicating an important role for EPHA2 in human lung CSCs. Collectively, these studies revealed a critical role of JNK signaling in EPHA2-dependent lung cancer cell proliferation and motility and a role for EPHA2 in CSC function, providing evidence for EPHA2 as a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC. Cancer Res; 74(9); 2444-54. ©2014 AACR.
Development of Silica Aerogel with Any Density (2006)

New production methods of silica aerogel with high and low refractive indices have been developed. A very slow shrinkage of alcogel at room temperature has made possible producing aerogel with high refractive indices of up to 1.265 without cracks. Even higher refractive indices than 1.08, the transmission length of the aerogel obtained from this technique has been measured to be about 10 to 20 mm at 400 nm wave length. A mold made of alcogel which endures shrinkage in the supercritical drying process has provided aerogel with the extremely low density of 0.009 g/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , which corresponds to the refractive index of 1.002. We have succeeded producing aerogel with a wide range of densities
Modified Resin Coalescer for Oil-in-Water Emulsion Treatment: Effect of Operating Conditions on Oil Removal Performance (2008)

The application of modified resin as a filter medium treating the anionic surfactant stabilized oil-in-water emulsion was investigated. In this study, emulsion breaking was accelerated by the grafting cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on polystyrene resin, so the need for expensive specific chemicals was eliminated. The results indicated that, as a new type of coalescence material, the modified resin has incomparable advantages over polypropylene, ceramic, and activated carbon. A series of experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of flow velocity, bed height, oil concentration, temperature, and pH value on the oil removal performance of the modified resin coalescer. More than 80% of emulsified oil was removed under optimal operating conditions: flow velocity 60−180 mL/h, bed height 20−40 cm, temperature 20−60 °C, and pH value 2−10. The results further indicated that modified resin bed coalescer is feasible to be used in the treatment of oil-in-water emulsion due to integration of both advantages of chemical demulsification and coalescence process.
Facile conversion of alkyl bromides into aldehydes using sodium tetracarbonylferrate(-II) (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile conversion of alkyl bromides into aldehydes using sodium tetracarbonylferrate(-II)Manning P. Cooke Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 20, 6080–6082Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00723a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00723a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views959Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spiking analog neuron circuit design, analysis, and simulation (2002)

A transistor-level analog circuit design of a spiking neuron is proposed. The circuit was simulated using using BSIM3 0.8 /spl mu/m geometry MOS transistor parameters provided by MOSIS. Most of the circuits work in the MOS sub-threshold region of operation to achieve very low power consumption. Supply voltage was set at 2.8 V As examples of neural networks, feed-forward and feed-back neural networks capable of recognizing black and white patterns were simulated using a transistor level circuit simulator Static power dissipation of the proposed neuron was estimated to be approximately 180 pW for the dendrite and 56 pW for the soma. In the dynamic mode, energy consumption was estimated to be 5.1 pJ (dendrite) and 1.2 pJ (soma) per activation. An analog HDL simulator was also used to simulate neural network behavior for the larger neural network examples.
La Sentència del Tribunal Constitucional en matèria de beques i ajuts a l'estudi universitari i ensenyaments mitjans (2001)

de 20 de setembreRecentment el Tribunal Constitucional ha dictat sentncia en relaci amb els conflictes positius interposats per la Generalitat de Catalunya contra les ordres del MEC de 15 de juny de 1994 i de 30 de juny de 1997, de convocatria de beques i ajuts a l'estudi de carcter general per a estudis universitaris i
Denoising genome-wide histone ChIP-seq with convolutional neural networks (2017)

akundaje@stanford.edu.
Set constraints are the monadic class (2002)

The authors investigate the relationship between set constraints and the monadic class of first-order formulas and show that set constraints are essentially equivalent to the monadic class. From this equivalence, they infer that the satisfiability problem for set constraints is complete for NEXPTIME. More precisely, it is proved that this problem has a lower bound of NTIME(c/sup n/log n/), for some c>0. The relationship between set constraints and the monadic class also gives decidability and complexity results for certain practically useful extensions of set constraints, in particular "negative" projections and subterm equality tests.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Origin of the apparent tissue conductivity in the molecular and granular layers of the in vitro turtle cerebellum and the interpretation of current source-density analysis (1994)

1. We determined the origin of the apparent tissue conductivity (sigma 2) of the turtle cerebellum in vitro. 2. Application of a current with a known current density (J) along the longitudinal axis of a conductivity cell produced an electric field in the cerebellum suspended in the cell. The measured electric field (E) perpendicular to the cerebellar surface indicated a significant inhomogeneity in sigma a (= J/E) with a major discontinuity between the molecular layer (0.25 +/- 0.05 S/m, mean +/- SD) and granular layers (0.15 +/- 0.03 S/m) (n = 39). 3. This inhomogeneity was more pronounced after anoxic depolarization. The value of sigma a decreased to 0.11 +/- 0.03 and 0.040 +/- 0.008 S/m in the molecular and granular layers, respectively. The ratio of sigma a S in the two layers increased from 1.67 in the normoxic condition to 2.75 after anoxic depolarization. 4. This difference in sigma a across the two layers was present within the range of frequencies (DC to 10 kHz) studied where the phase of sigma a was small (less than +/- 2 degrees) and therefore sigma a was ohmic. 5. The inhomogeneity in sigma a was in part due to an inhomogeneity in the extracellular conductivity (sigma e) as determined from the extracellular diffusion of ionophoresed tetramethylammonium. Like sigma a, the value of sigma e was also higher in the molecular layer (0.165 S/m) than in the granular layer (0.097 S/m). The inhomogeneity in sigma e was due to a smaller tortuosity and a larger extracellular volume fraction in the molecular layer compared with the granular layer. 6. sigma a was, however, consistently higher, by approximately 50%, than sigma e. A core conductor model of the cerebellum indicated that these discrepancies between sigma a and sigma e were attributable to additional conductivity produced by a passage of the longitudinal applied current through the intracellular space of Purkinje cells and ependymal glial cells, with the glial compartment playing the dominant role. Cells with a long process and a short space constant such as the ependymal glia evidently enhance the effective "extracellular" conductivity by serving as intracellular conduits for the applied current. The result implies that the effective sigma e may be larger than sigma e for neuronally generated currents in the turtle cerebellum because the space constant for Purkinje cells is several times greater than that for the ependymal glia and consequently Purkinje cell-generated currents travel over a long distance relative to the space constant of glial cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A neuro-fuzzy approach to the reliable recognition of electric earthquake precursors (2004)

Abstract. Electric Earthquake Precursor (EEP) recognition is essentially a problem of weak signal detection. An EEP signal, according to the theory of propagating cracks, is usually a very weak electric potential anomaly appearing on the Earth's electric field prior to an earthquake, often unobservable within the electric background, which is significantly stronger and embedded in noise. Furthermore, EEP signals vary in terms of duration and size making reliable recognition even more difficult. An average model for EEP signals has been identified based on a time function describing the evolution of the number of propagating cracks. This paper describes the use of neuro-fuzzy networks (Neural Networks with intrinsic fuzzy logic abilities) for the reliable recognition of EEP signals within the electric field. Pattern recognition is performed by the neural network to identify the average EEP model from within the electric field. Use of the neuro-fuzzy model enables classification of signals that are not exactly the same, but do approximate the average EEP model, as EEPs. On the other hand, signals that look like EEPs but do not approximate enough the average model are suppressed, preventing false classification. The effectiveness of the proposed network is demonstrated using electrotelluric data recorded in NW Greece.
Capture by chemical crosslinkers provides evidence that integrin <i>α</i> IIb <i>β</i> 3 forms a complex with protein tyrosine kinases in intact platelets (1995)

Platelet activation is accompanied by a cascade of kinase reactions in which numerous specific proteins are phosphorylated on tyrosine. These events are strictly dependent upon functional activation of an integrin receptor, generally alpha IIb beta 3 (also known as glycoprotein IIb-IIIa). It is not known how alpha IIb beta 3 regulates protein tyrosine kinase activation and, in particular, neither this nor any other integrin has been shown to associate with a protein tyrosine kinase. We employed chemical crosslinking of intact platelets with the bifunctional reagents dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP) (lipid-soluble) and dithiobis(sulphosuccinimidyl propionate) (DTSSP) (lipid-insoluble) followed by in vitro kinase assays of immunoprecipitated proteins to identify kinase activity associated with alpha IIb beta 3 in intact platelets. It was found that DSP but not DTSSP crosslinked kinase activity to alpha IIb beta 3, suggesting an internal association. In these immunoprecipitates from DSP-crosslinked platelets, the in vitro kinase reaction revealed a complex of several phosphoproteins in association with alpha IIb beta 3. This association was not seen when the resting platelets were lysed before crosslinking, indicating the specificity of the reaction in crosslinking only molecules in preformed spatial association. The beta 3 subunit of alpha IIb beta 3 was identified as one of the phosphoproteins in the complex obtained after subjecting anti-beta 3 immunoprecipitates from lysates of DSP-treated platelets to an in vitro kinase reaction and SDS/PAGE analysis. Phosphorylation of this subunit is shown to be predominantly on tyrosine. Affinity purification of the crosslinked phosphoprotein complex with anti-beta 3 followed by elution and re-precipitation identified pp60c-src and pp54/58c-lyn as two protein tyrosine kinases associating with the integrin. These results suggest that, upon platelet activation, alpha IIb beta 3 may provide a transmembrane focus for proteins involved in signal transduction.
VERIFICATION OF MOTOR VEHICLE POST ACCIDENT INSURANCE CLAIMS (2020)

Use of a vehicle involves a risk of collision and, consequently, high costs of post-accident repairs. Therefore, if there is...
Exploring distributional similarity based models for query spelling correction (2006)

A query speller is crucial to search engine in improving web search relevance. This paper describes novel methods for use of distributional similarity estimated from query logs in learning improved query spelling correction models. The key to our methods is the property of distributional similarity between two terms: it is high between a frequently occurring misspelling and its correction, and low between two irrelevant terms only with similar spellings. We present two models that are able to take advantage of this property. Experimental results demonstrate that the distributional similarity based models can significantly outperform their baseline systems in the web query spelling correction task.
Factors Affecting Consumer Purchase Decision towards Online Shopping: a Study Conducted in Gangtok, Sikkim (2016)

Discoveryof internet technologies in today's world has shown many ways of communication. Online shopping is one of the popular categories in this segment. Due to the various reasons nowadays people does not have the time to go to the shopping centres but they want the latest products in their hand as soon as it arrives in the market. This paper analyzed that what the important factors are affecting consumer purchase decision at the time of online shopping. The area chosen for the study is Gangtok, which is a capital of Sikkim state. 146 respondents have been selected on this purpose & their opinion has been recorded with the help of a close ended questionnaire. The researcher has used 5 point likert scale to assess the responses properly from the selected respondents. Factor analysis & multiple regression analysis have been used as statistical tools to find out the most important factors. Findings of the study iterate that most of the customers are going for online shopping due to the reasonable prices of the products&delivery at their doorstep.
Characterization of human centromeric regions of specific chromosomes by means of alphoid DNA sequences. (1987)

The alphoid DNA family is composed of tandemly repeated sequences whose organization is chromosome specific. Under stringent conditions of hybridization, subsets of these sequences localize specifically to the centromeric region of a given chromosome. The alphoid clone, 308 (D6Z1), is a 3-kb BamHI DNA fragment that is repeated at the centromere of chromosome 6. Sequences homologous to 308 are organized as 2-kb BamHI repeats on X. We used 308 to screen a 2-kb BamHI genomic library and obtained the cloned homologue, XC, which hybridizes, in situ, to the centromere of X. These probes provide a means of analyzing the centromeric region on two different human chromosomes. The complete nucleotide sequence of 308 shows that it is composed of 20 variant 173-bp repeats. The organization of the 173-bp monomers is not a repetitious but a symmetric pattern, and an inversion is present. The chromosome specificity of 308 to chromosome 6 is determined by the entire 3-kb sequence and not by an amplified 173-bp monomer, because the divergence among the 173-bp units on chromosome 6 is as great as that between monomers on chromosomes 6 and X. Therefore, the organization of monomers is specific for a chromosome, and the monomers themselves are not specific. Analysis of the sequence data from these two alphoid sequences and other published sequences shows that some chromosomes have sequences that are more homologous than others. These subsets of alphoid sequences reflect the latters' chromosomal distribution and evolution. By using probes 308 and XC, we found that alphoid repeats from specific chromosomes are similar in that there is no evidence for their transcription in lymphoblasts and fibroblasts, and we demonstrated the possibility that all of these sequences are late replicating.