gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chromosome-scale shotgun assembly using an in vitro method for long-range linkage (2016)

Long-range and highly accurate de novo assembly from short-read data is one of the most pressing challenges in genomics. Recently, it has been shown that read pairs generated by proximity ligation of DNA in chromatin of living tissue can address this problem, dramatically increasing the scaffold contiguity of assemblies. Here, we describe a simpler approach ("Chicago") based on in vitro reconstituted chromatin. We generated two Chicago data sets with human DNA and developed a statistical model and a new software pipeline ("HiRise") that can identify poor quality joins and produce accurate, long-range sequence scaffolds. We used these to construct a highly accurate de novo assembly and scaffolding of a human genome with scaffold N50 of 20 Mbp. We also demonstrated the utility of Chicago for improving existing assemblies by reassembling and scaffolding the genome of the American alligator. With a single library and one lane of Illumina HiSeq sequencing, we increased the scaffold N50 of the American alligator from 508 kbp to 10 Mbp.
Sonolysis and mineralization of pentachlorophenol by means of varying parameters. (2004)

Degradation effect of organic pollutant on pentachlorophenol (PCP) is researched by ultrasound. PCP is treated by low frequency (16 kHz) and high frequency (800 +/- 1 kHz), and bi-frequency. The results of investigation on the ultrasonic destruction of PCP showed that the rate of PCP degradation at the same conditions is the highest at bi-frequency, and the lowest at 16 kHz. In the presence of Fenton type reagent the degradation rate of PCP is the highest at bi-frequency (20.93 times) as compared to the stirring system. This ratio is 4.91 and 1.06 at 800 kHz and 16 kHz, respectively. The studies showed the bi-frequency is an effective method for pollutants degradation, but it is need make further study. Taking 800 kHz for example, under the same conditions, the smaller pH of the solution, the higher is the reaction rate. A similar situation applied to TOC, but the TOC removal lags behind degradation of PCP. This indicated the PCP is not completely mineralized. The ultrasound is somewhat enhanced for degradation of PCP and mineralization with only addition of CuSO4, but the combination of ultrasound and Fenton type reagent is effective method for PCP degradation and mineralization. The rate of PCP degradation and TOC removal appeared to follow pseudo-first-order reaction kinetic law.
A New Methodology for Efficient Construction of 2,7-Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane Derivatives (1997)

A new methodology for the efficient construction of sterically complex 2,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives was developed by using enantiospecific copper-catalyzed ring expansion of oxetane and diastereoselective lactonization in tandem.
A new technology to fabricate high-efficiency silicon concentrator solar cells (1980)

A new procedure to fabricate silicon concentrator solar cells based on phosphorus diffusion into the semiconductor through a thin-polysilicon film is described. The polysilicon reduces the high-diffusivity tail of the conventional phosphorus-doping profile and avoids interdiffusion phenomena at the metal-semiconductor interface during sintering, thus allowing Al to be used as front grid contact. Outdoor testing of 2 × 2-cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> solar cells computer designed to operate at 50 suns showed conversion efficieneies higher than 17 percent.
High‐Strength Hydrogel Attachment through Nanofibrous Reinforcement (2020)

The repair of a cartilage lesion with a hydrogel requires a method for long-term fixation of the hydrogel in the defect site. Attachment of a hydrogel to a base that allows for integration with bone can enable long-term fixation of the hydrogel, but current methods of forming bonds to hydrogels have less than a tenth of the shear strength of the osteochondral junction. This communication describes a new method, nanofiber-enhanced sticking (NEST), for bonding a hydrogel to a base with an adhesive shear strength three times larger than the state-of-the-art. An example of NEST is described in which a nanofibrous bacterial cellulose sheet is bonded to a porous base with a hydroxyapatite-forming cement followed by infiltration of the nanofibrous sheet with hydrogel-forming polymeric materials. This approach creates a mineralized nanofiber bond that mimics the structure of the osteochondral junction, in which collagen nanofibers extend from cartilage into a mineralized region that anchors cartilage to bone.
Full-spectrum laterally-arranged multiple-bandgap InGaN solar cells (2012)

Laterally-arranged multiple bandgap (LAMB) solar cells based on InGaN nanowires or pillars with spatial composition-grading over a broad range over the surface of a single substrate were designed and simulated using Silvaco ATLAS software. The p-n junction is formed by n-type InGaN and a p-type GaP emitter, which is predicted to have a valence band well-aligned to In-rich InGaN based on a simple electron affinity band alignment model. Both three and six subcell designs were evaluated at various levels of solar concentration up to 240 suns. Efficiencies ranged from 32.9% to 40.2% for the three-subcell design and from 33.8% to 40.4% for the six-subcell design as the solar concentration was increased from one to 240 suns. A similar design utilizing a p-i-n structure rather than a simple p-n junction achieved 29.3% to 40.2% with three subcells and 36.1% to 46.2% with six subcells. The much greater benefit of increasing the number of subcells in the p-i-n design as compared to the p-n structure is attributed to more efficient carrier extraction, which enhances current-matching between subcells.
The Rotator Cuff Opposes Superior Translation of the Humeral Head (1995)

To determine the influence of rotator cuff muscle activity on humeral head migration relative to the glenoid during active arm elevation we studied five fresh cadaveric shoulders. The shoulder girdles were mounted in an apparatus that simulated contraction of the deltoid and rotator cuff muscles while maintaining the normal scapulothoracic relationship. The arms were abducted using four different configurations of simulated muscle activity: deltoid alone; deltoid and supraspinatus; deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis; and deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. For each simulated muscle configuration the vertical position of the humeral head in relation to the glenoid was determined at 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, and 120 degrees of abduction using digitized anteroposterior radiographs. Both muscle activity and abduction angle significantly influenced the glenohumeral relationship. With simulated activity of the entire rotator cuff, the geometric center of the humeral head was centered in the glenoid at 30 degrees but had moved 1.5 mm superiorly by 120 degrees. Abduction without the subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles caused significant superiorly directed shifts in humeral head position as did abduction using only the deltoid muscle. These results support the possible use of selective strengthening exercises for the infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles in treatment of the impingement syndrome.
Protein Characterization by On-Line Capillary Isoelectric Focusing, Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography, and Mass Spectrometry (2004)

Two-dimensional polyacrylmide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), perhaps the most widely used method in proteomics research, is often limited by sensitivity and throughput. Capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) provides a liquid-based alternative to 2D-PAGE that can overcome these problems but is limited by ampholyte interference and signal quenching in ESI-MS. Inserting a reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) step between CIEF and MS can remove this interference. In this work, a CIEF-RPLC-MS system is described for separation and characterization of proteins in complex mixtures. CIEF is performed with a microdialysis membrane-based cathodic cell that also permits protein fractions to be collected, washed to remove ampholyte, and analyzed by RPLC-MS. CIEF performance with this cell is equivalent to that achieved with a conventional cathodic cell, and no loss of protein is observed during faction collection. The cell can be easily and safely retrofitted into commercial instrumentation and is applicable for peptide analysis as well. Protein detection at the low-femtomole level is demonstrated with little or no interference from ampholyte, and CIEF-RPLC-MS data are used to construct a plot of pI vs MW for a protein mixture. The current instrumental configuration allows seven fractions in the pI range 3-10 to be analyzed by RPLC-MS in 2 h.
The effect of full length and mature NAG-1 protein overexpression on cytotoxicity of celecoxib, tamoxifen and doxorubicin in HT1080. (2010)

NAG-1 expression enhances drug resistance to tamoxifen, indomethacin and doxorubicin in HT1080. In addition, condition medium of NAG-1 expression cells inhibits proliferation in MCF-7 and HT1080 cells. Thus, NAG-1 expression can induce drug resistance in NAG-1 expressing cells and inhibition of viability in non expressing cells. Thus, NAG-1 is suggested as a marker for effective cancer chemotherapy and tumor progression.
Chiral Phosphine Ligands Derived from Sugars. 3. Syntheses, Structures, and Spectroscopic Properties of Gold(I) Complexes with Chiral Phosphines from Glucose. X-ray Structures of [Au(2-MBPA)Cl] and [Au(3-MBPA)(2-pyS)] (1996)

A series of gold(I) complexes of the type [AuP‘X] (P‘ = 2-MBPA: X = Cl, 1; X = 2-pyS, 2; X = 2-bimS, 3. P‘ = 3-MBPA: X = Cl, 4; X = 2-pyS, 5; X = 2-bimS, 6. 2-pySH = pyridine-2-thiol; 2-bimSH = 2-mercaptobenzimidazole) containing phosphine ligands (methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-2-(diphenylphosphino)-α-d-altropyranoside, 2-MBPA; methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-deoxy-3-(diphenylphosphino)-α-d-altropyranoside, 3-MBPA) derived from glucose have been prepared and characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR and infrared spectra in which the assignments of the gold−ligand vibrations have been carried out. The structures of [Au(2-MBPA)Cl] (1) and Au(3-MBPA)(2-pyS)] (5) have been determined by X-ray crystallographic techniques. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 with unit-cell dimensions a = 9.907(4) Å, b = 10.394(4) Å, c = 13.542(7) Å, β = 110.70(4)°, V = 1304(2) Å3, and Z = 2. Compound 5 crystallizes in orthorhombic space group P212121 with unit-cell dimensions a = 9.857(3) Å, b = 14.466(2) Å, c = 20.263(6) Å, V = 2889(1) Å3 and Z = 4. The structures were refined to final R = 5.6% and R = 4.1% for 1 and 5, respectively. Complex 5 features a nearly linear gold atom geometry defined by phosphorus and sulfur atoms with Au−P = 2.256(3) Å, Au−S = 2.303(4) Å and P−Au−S = 177.6(1)°, in which 2-pyS adopts a complete monodentate coordination mode involving only the S-donor atom ligated to the Au(I) ion, and complex 1 is also linear with larger deviation (P−Au−Cl angle = 174.5(3)°) with distances Au−P = 2.232(6) Å and Au−Cl = 2.275(7) Å.
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Effects on Chronic Subacute Inflammation and Onset of Atherosclerosis Induced by Dietary Cholesterol (2005)

Besides classical risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, chronic subacute inflammation has recently been recognized as an important force driving the development of atherosclerosis, the most common underlying cause of myocardial infarction and stroke. There is compelling evidence that a disturbance of cholesterol homeostasis contributes to the development of a chronic inflammatory state and that inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase (statins) may dampen inappropriate inflammatory responses. We review the evidence and suggest mechanisms by which dietary cholesterol can induce an atherogenic inflammatory response in liver and vessel wall, with particular emphasis on the time course of this inflammatory response during atherogenesis and the interplay between these tissues. We discuss how statins interfere in this process, and whether they may reduce chronic subacute inflammation via a) their cholesterol-lowering effect, and/or b) their cholesterol-independent (pleiotropic) vasculoprotective activities. Recent studies performed in (humanized) animal models allow us to distinguish the lipid-lowering-dependent from the lipid-lowering-independent functions of statins. Using these data, we discuss the degree to which the lipid-lowering-dependent and lipid-lowering-independent effects of statins contribute to a reduction of inflammation, allowing estimation of the relevance of pleiotropic statin effects for the human situation.
Antimicrobial activity of olive leaf aqueous extract (2012)

The leaves of the olive tree (Oleaeur opaea L.) have been used for medicinal purposes since ancient times and research has suggested that olive leaf extracts have antimicrobial properties. The olive leaf is the first botanical mentioned in the Bible. In this study, Olive leaf aqueous extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1431, Salmonella typhimurium PTCC 1639, and Escherichia coli PTCC 1399, Klebsiella pneumonia PTCC 1053, Bacillus cereus PTCC1274). Olive leaf extract was found to be most active against Salmonella typhimurium PTCC 1639 with inhibitory, 11.5 mm. These findings suggest an antimicrobial potential for olive leaves.
Neural tree network/vector quantization probability estimators for speaker recognition (2002)

A new classification system for text-independent speaker recognition is presented. This system combines the output probabilities of distortion-based classifiers and a discriminant-based classifier. The distortion-based classifiers are the vector quantization (VQ) classifier and Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The discriminant-based classifier is the neural tree network (NTN). The VQ and GMM classifiers provide output probabilities that represent the distortion between the observation and the model. Hence, these probabilities provide an intraclass measure. The NTN classifier is based on discriminant training and provides output probabilities that represent an interclass measure. Since, these two classifiers base their decision on different criteria, they can be effectively combined to yield improved performance. Two combining methods are evaluated for several speaker recognition tasks, including speaker verification and closed set speaker identification. The results show the both methods to yield advantages for the speaker recognition tasks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Variable length lossy coding using an LDPC code (2009)

LDPC codes initially studied for channel coding can be applied to source coding, and Miyake-Muramatsu showed theoretically that the rate-distortion function can be achieved asymptotically by using LDPC codes for any stationary memoryless finite source. In their scheme, a source sequence is first vector-quantized by using an LDPC matrix and then it is compressed losslessly by another LDPC matrix. So, their scheme is fixed length coding. Unfortunately, it is not shown that their scheme can attain a good performance practically. In this paper, we propose a new variable length coding scheme, which uses linear programming for vector-quantization and arithmetic coding with probability estimated by belief propagation for lossless coding. The proposed variable length lossy coding can attain the rate-distortion function asymptotically. Furthermore, it can practically attain a performance considerably better than the so-called time sharing bound of the rate-distortion function.
Implementation of open-loop control for interleaved DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters (2008)

This paper is focused on the implementation of the open loop control method for interleaved DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters where the slave converter is synchronized to the turn-on instant of the master converter and both converters operate with current-mode control. It is shown that this method is the only open-loop control method that provides a stable operation. Implementations of the master-slave synchronization circuit in both analog and digital technology are described. Experimental results obtained on a 400-W, universal input, 400-V output prototype circuit with two interleaved DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters controlled by an integrated control circuit currently being developed are provided.
A Hybrid Analytical Model for Radiography Cone Beam Effects (2012)

Abstract not provided
NMR and Electrochemical Investigation of the Transport Properties of Methanol and Water in Nafion and Clay-Nanocomposites Membranes for DMFCs (2012)

Water and methanol transport behavior, solvents adsorption and electrochemical properties of filler-free Nafion and nanocomposites based on two smectite clays, were investigated using impedance spectroscopy, DMFC tests and NMR methods, including spin-lattice relaxation and pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) diffusion under variable temperature conditions. Synthetic (Laponite) and natural (Swy-2) smectite clays, with different structural and physical parameters, were incorporated into the Nafion for the creation of exfoliated nanocomposites. Transport mechanism of water and methanol appears to be influenced from the dimensions of the dispersed platelike silicate layers as well as from their cation exchange capacity (CEC). The details of the NMR results and the effect of the methanol solution concentration are discussed. Clays particles, and in particular Swy-2, demonstrate to be a potential physical barrier for methanol cross-over, reducing the methanol diffusion with an evident blocking effect yet nevertheless ensuring a high water mobility up to 130 °C and for several hours, proving the exceptional water retention property of these materials and their possible use in the DMFCs applications. Electrochemical behavior is investigated by cell resistance and polarization measurements. From these analyses it is derived that the addition of clay materials to recast Nafion decreases the ohmic losses at high temperatures extending in this way the operating range of a direct methanol fuel cell.
Bone Marrow Transplantation From Genetically HLA-Nonidentical Donors in Children With Fatal Inherited Disorders Excluding Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies: Use of Two Monoclonal Antibodies to Prevent Graft Rejection (1996)

The overall engraftment rate and overall survival rate with engraftment in patients treated with anti-LFA-1 and anti-CD2 were similar to those in patients treated with anti-LFA-1 antibody alone. However, although the number of patients is too small to draw definitive conclusions, results from the combined use of the two MoAbs indicates a trend toward better engraftment and survival after infusion of E rosette-depleted marrow. Further improvement in survival would demand additional strategies to hasten immunologic recovery.
Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Preschool Children (2001)

Our results suggest that rates of PDD are higher than previously reported. Methodological limitations in existing epidemiological investigations preclude interpretation of recent high rates as indicative of increased incidence of these disorders although this hypothesis requires further rigorous testing. Attention is nevertheless drawn to the important needs of a substantial minority of preschool children.
A Novel Gray-Level Registration Algorithm for DSA Image Based on Subtraction Histogram (2006)

A novel gray-level registration algorithm for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) image based on subtraction histogram (the histogram of subtraction image) is firstly proposed in this paper. Due to gray-level distortion, the gray value of pixel in background region in subtraction image is shifted to a nonzero value, which is defined as gray value shift (GVS). The GVSs of all pixels in subtraction image can be calculated from the information contained in the subtraction histogram. The experiment results have shown that this algorithm can effectively reduce artifacts, and the visualization quality of vessels in subtraction image is significantly improved
Reversible high-pressure dissociation of lactic dehydrogenase from pig muscle (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReversible high-pressure dissociation of lactic dehydrogenase from pig muscleBernd C. Schade, Rainer Rudolph, Hans Dietrich Luedemann, and Rainer JaenickeCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 6, 1121–1126Publication Date (Print):March 18, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00547a013https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00547a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CONTROLLED TOPOGRAPHIC IMAGE MOSAICS FROM COMBINATION OF VIKING ORBITER IMAGES AND MARS ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER DATA (2000)

We compiled topographic image maps for selected regions of Mars. 900-1100 m/pixel Viking Orbiter images were used to initially produce base maps within the global reference frame, to which data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) were added. The horizontal tie of the map to the Mars-fixed coordinate system is within 1-3 km for most places on the planet. The precision of the elevation data with respect to the Mars center of mass is better than 10m.
Minimal Unsatisfiability: Models, Algorithms and Applications (Invited Paper) (2010)

The task of modeling and reasoning about real-world problems often involves analyzing overconstrained representations, where not all constraints of a problem can be simultaneously satisfied. The need to analyze over-constrained (or unsatisfiable) problems occurs in many settings, including data and knowledge bases, artificial intelligence, applied formal methods, operations research and description logics. In most cases, the problem to solve is related with some form of minimal unsatisfiability, i.e. an irreducible set of constraints that explains unsatisfiability. This paper provides an overview of some of the computational problems related with minimal unsatisfiability in Boolean logic, including the identification of one minimal unsatisfiable sub-formula and the identification of all minimal unsatisfiable sub-formulas. In addition, the paper briefly overviews practical applications of minimal unsatisfiability. Finally, the paper highlights recent work on minimal unsatisfiability in other domains.