gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Physician Held Stigmas and Bias on the Health Outcomes of Patients with Obesity: A Review of The Literature (2018)

Obesity is a growing epidemic that continues to garner attention throughout healthcare. The goal of this study was to review the literature on physician bias and stigmas surrounding obesity to assess the current state of research on connections between obesity-related stigma and the health outcomes and care of patients with obesity. A specific search string was used to obtain articles via PubMed and psychINFO, yielding 14 studies found that investigate these connections. The studies were categorized into three distinct pathways leading from physician stigma and biases to differing health outcomes of patients with obesity. These three pathways- perceptions, patient interaction, and clinical practice- are a novel way to look at the ways provider bias affects patients with obesity. This system allowed us to highlight significant health disparities among patients experiencing obesity. We propose several areas for future research to reduce physician bias, further characterize the impacts of provider bias on outcomes, and identify interventions for change.
Realization of narrowband thermal emission with optical nanostructures (2015)

The control of thermal emission spectra using optical resonances has been attracting increased attention both with respect to fundamental science and for various applications, including infrared sensing, thermal imaging, and thermophotovoltaics. In this mini-review, we describe the recent experimental demonstrations of narrowband thermal emission with optical nanostructures, including metallic cavities, metamaterials, and all-dielectric photonic crystals. The spectral features of the controlled thermal emission (e.g., wavelength, linewidth, peak emissivity, and angular characteristics) are strongly dependent on the choice of both materials and structures of the emitters. Through the appropriate design of optical nanostructures, arbitrary shaping of thermal emission spectra, from single-peak ultra-narrowband (Q>100) emission for midinfrared sensing to a stepwise emissivity spectrum for thermophotovoltaics, has been successfully realized.
Insulin and somatemedin MSA promote nerve growth factor‐independent neurite formation by cultured chick dorsal root ganglionic sensory neurons (1982)

Abstract Sensory neurons isolated from 8‐day chick embryo dorsal root ganglia are shown to be capable of surviving in tissue culture and extending neurites in the absence of nerve growth factor. Survival and formation of neurites by cells cultured in medium supplemented with 2% fetal calf serum is stimulated by insulin, proinsulin or somatemedin MSA. MSA is effective at much lower concentrations (50 ng/ml) than insulin or proinsulin and is suggested to be a physiological regulator of sensory neuronal development. It is demonstrated that at least part of the neuronal population is responsive to both nerve growth factor and insulin homologs.
Active Packaging Coatings (2015)

Active food packaging involves the packaging of foods with materials that provide an enhanced functionality, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant or biocatalytic functions. This can be achieved through the incorporation of active compounds into the matrix of the commonly used packaging materials, or by the application of coatings with the corresponding functionality through surface modification. The latter option offers the advantage of preserving the packaging materials’ bulk properties nearly intact. Herein, different coating technologies like embedding for controlled release, immobilization, layer-by-layer deposition, and photografting are explained and their potential application for active food packaging is explored and discussed.
Inhibition of erythropoietin-induced mitogenesis by a kinase-deficient form of Jak2. (1994)

Receptors for a variety of hematopoietins, interferons alpha/beta and gamma, and growth hormone have recently been shown to mediate rapid, ligand-dependent activation of the Janus-type cytosolic protein-tyrosine kinases Jak1, Jak2, and/or tyk-2. This finding extends relatedness among class I and II cytokine receptors to a functional context and provides an initially satisfying mechanistic analogy to protein-tyrosine kinase-encoding receptors of the epidermal growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor/insulin family. Through the construction and expression of a kinase-deficient form of Jak2 (JK2 delta VIII) in interleukin-3 (IL-3)/erythropoietin (Epo)-dependent DAER cells, we have tested whether activation of Jak2 is required for induced mitogenesis via these class I cytokine receptors. Ectopic expression of JK2 delta VIII inhibited Epo- and IL-3-induced activation of endogenous wild-type Jak2, transiently attenuated IL-3-dependent growth, and essentially abrogated Epo-induced proliferation in this model system. These dominant-negative effects provide the first direct experimental evidence for an essential role for Janus kinase activation in mitogenesis and suggest that distinct effectors may mediate IL-3-induced versus Epo-induced pathways.
{Euclidean, metric, and Wasserstein} gradient flows: an overview (2017)

This is an expository paper on the theory of gradient flows, and in\nparticular of those PDEs which can be interpreted as gradient flows for the\nWasserstein metric on the space of probability measures (a distance induced by\noptimal transport). The starting point is the Euclidean theory, and then its\ngeneralization to metric spaces, according to the work of Ambrosio, Gigli and\nSavar{\\'e}. Then comes an independent exposition of the Wasserstein theory,\nwith a short introduction to the optimal transport tools that are needed and to\nthe notion of geodesic convexity, followed by a precise desciption of the\nJordan-Kinderleher-Otto scheme, with proof of convergence in the easiest case:\nthe linear Fokker-Planck equation. A discussion of other gradient flows PDEs\nand of numerical methods based on these ideas is also provided. The paper ends\nwith a new, theoretical, development, due to Ambrosio, Gigli, Savar{\\'e},\nKuwada and Ohta: the study of the heat flow in metric measure spaces.\n
Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by Combination of Transcription Inhibitor K-12 and Other Antiretroviral Agents in Acutely and Chronically Infected Cells (1999)

8-Difluoromethoxy-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-[4-(2-methoxyp hen yl)-1- piperazinyl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (K-12) has recently been identified as a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription. In this study, we examined several combinations of K-12 and other antiretroviral agents for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication in acutely and chronically infected cell cultures. Combinations of K-12 and a reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, either zidovudine, lamivudine, or nevirapine, synergistically inhibited HIV-1 replication in acutely infected MT-4 cells. The combination of K-12 and the protease inhibitor nelfinavir (NFV) also synergistically inhibited HIV-1, whereas the synergism of this combination was weaker than that of the combinations with the RT inhibitors. K-12 did not enhance the cytotoxicities of RT and protease inhibitors. Synergism of the combinations was also observed in acutely infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The combination of K-12 and cepharanthine, a nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor, synergistically inhibited HIV-1 production in tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated U1 cells, a promonocytic cell line chronically infected with the virus. In contrast, additive inhibition was observed for the combination of K-12 and NFV. These results indicate that the combinations of K-12 and clinically available antiretroviral agents may have potential as chemotherapeutic modalities for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
Design and Synthesis of Non-peptidic Inhibitors for the Syk C-Terminal SH2 Domain Based on Structure-Based In-Silico Screening (2001)

Structure-based in-silico screening was carried out for the Syk C-terminal SH2 domain. Fragments that could interact with the pY or pY+1 pockets were selected by our in-silico screening. After tethering two fragments bound to these pockets, we have designed and synthesized new compounds that show favorable interaction with the pY+3 pocket. One such compound, having a cyclohexylmalonic acid moiety identified as a novel potent phosphotyrosyl mimetic, exhibited an affinity comparable to that of the monophosphorylated ligand peptide.
Effect of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Serotype D Pasteurella multocida Bacterin-Toxoid on the Occurrence of Atrophic Rhinitis after Experimental Infection with B. bronchiseptica and Toxigenic Type A P. multocida. (1997)

In efficacy tests, 7 primary specific-pathogen-free piglets vaccinated with the Bordetella bronchiseptica and type D Pasteurella multocida bacterin-toxoid were challenged with B. bronchiseptica and type A P. multocida. Severe or moderate nasal turbinate atrophy was produced in the non-vaccinated pigs, whereas, only one of the 4 pigs in the vaccinated group had slight turbinate atrophy. Other immune sera against crude toxin of P. multocida type A or D were cross neutralized. The results of the present study show that the P. multocida serotype D bacterin-toxoid is effective against atrophic rhinitis caused by toxigenic P. multocida serotype A as well as toxigenic P. multocida serotype D.
Mechanical properties of antibacterial silicone rubber for hydrocephalus shunts (1979)

In an effort to find a solution to the serious problem of bacterial colonization of cerebrospinal-fluid shunting devices, room-temperature and heat-vulcanizing silicone rubbers were impregnated with gentamicin sulphate. The effects on the mechanical properties of the two rubbers were studied. Results show that the tensile strength and extensibility of the room-temperature-vulcanizing silicone rubber reduced with increasing concentration of the drug. For the heat-vulcanizing silicone rubber, the tensile strength was also found to decrease with increasing drug content. The extensibility after an initial reduction at low concentrations was found to increase at drug concentrations in excess of 10 mg/g. Nevertheless, the changes in mechanical properties measured are considered not to be so great as to preclude the application of drug-impregnated silicone rubbers to cerebrospinal-fluid shunting devices.
Identification of a Granulocytic<i>Ehrlichia</i>Strain Isolated from a Horse in Switzerland and Comparison with Other Rickettsiae of the<i>Ehrlichia phagocytophila</i>Genogroup (1998)

This case report describes a 12-year-old Arabian mare with granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Clinical signs included fever, apathy, anorexia, icterus, limb edema, and reluctance to move. Examination of buffy coat smears revealed Ehrlichia organisms in neutrophils and eosinophils. A band of 1,428 bp was amplified from DNA of leukocytes via nested PCR and was identified as part of the Ehrlichia 16S rRNA gene. It differed from the gene sequences of Ehrlichia phagocytophila and E. equi at two and three positions, respectively. Interestingly, the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA was 100% identical to that of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.
Immunohistochemical detection of cysteine‐rich secretory protein 3 in tissue and in serum from men with cancer or benign enlargement of the prostate gland (2005)

Strong immunostaining for CRISP-3 is common in HG-PIN and preserved in most PCa specimens, which warrant further immunohistochemical studies of CRISP-3 in PCa. Serum levels of CRISP-3 do not primarily reflect PCa.
Lactate induces tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐1β release in microglial‐ and astroglial‐enriched primary cultures (2005)

Hyperammonaemia has deleterious effects on the CNS in patients with liver dysfunction. Cellular mechanisms underlying the effects of hyperammonaemia are largely unknown, although astrocytes have been the main target of interest. This study investigated how treatment with NH4Cl and lactate, which increase in the brain as a consequence of hyperammonaemia, affects cells in primary rat cultures enriched in either astrocytes or microglia. Morphological changes were studied over time using light microscopy. Release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1beta was measured using ELISA. NH4Cl was found to induce vacuole formation in both culture systems. Lactate treatment altered astrocytic appearance, resulting in increased space between individual cells. Microglia adopted a round morphology with either NH4Cl or lactate treatment. Lactate, but not NH4Cl, induced release of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in both astroglial- and microglial-enriched cultures, while IL-1beta was released only in microglial cultures. Cytokine release was higher in the microglial- than in the astroglial-enriched cultures. Additionally, the astroglial-enriched cultures containing approximately 10% microglial cells released more cytokines than cultures containing about 5% microglial cells. Taken together, our data suggest that most TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta release comes from microglia. Thus, microglia could play an important role in the pathological process of hyperammonaemia.
Synthesis of Some New 2-Imino-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazole and Selenadiazole Derivatives (1987)

(2) Diazotized 3(5)amino-5(3)-phenylpyrazole reacts with phenacylthiocyanate (1) and phenacylselenocyanate (10) to give the corresponding 1,3,4-thiadiazoline derivative (5) and 1,3,4- selenadiazoline derivative (12), respectively. A mechanism is proposed and it is substantiated by an alternate synthesis of 5 and 12 from the corresponding hydrazidoyl bromide (6) with potassium thiocyanate and potassium selenocyanate, respectively. The thiadiazoline (5) and selenadiazoline (12) give the respective N-acyl derivatives (7a) and (12) with acetic anhydride. Nitrosation of 5 and 12 gives the corresponding N-nitroso-derivatives (8a) and (14), respectively. Cyclization of 6 gives the corresponding 9 with triethylamine in benzene.
Just-in-time reconnaissance and assistance for video game streams and players (2016)

While video game play streaming and archiving through sites such as Twitch.tv is an increasingly relevant and commercially viable practice, limitations of many of those systems ultimately cost end-users the chance to view the most-relevant streams at the moment they need them. Furthermore, while SDKs for in-game event and metric gathering are becoming prevalent, they are not typically combined with real-time pattern matching capabilities of any sophistication and, therefore, will generally fail to allow `deep' matching between gamers and the game streams of highest relevance. This work in progress paper reports on a framework that will, when complete, fill major gaps in video game stream profiling, indexing, search, and usability (for players), and will be positioned as an offering for game developers and aggregators.
MORTALITY OF CAPTIVE GIRAFFE (GIRAFFA CAMELOPARDALIS) ASSOCIATED WITH SEROUS FAT ATROPHY: A REVIEW OF FIVE CASES AT AUCKLAND ZOO (2005)

Five giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) died peracutely within an 8-yr period. The giraffe were maintained in an outside enclosure during the day and moved under shelter at night. All the deaths occurred in winter. All the dead giraffe had serous fat atrophy at postmortem. The giraffe were fed good quantities of browse, together with alfalfa hay and commercial supplements. Retrospective analysis of the dietary ingredients showed that the diets were energy deficient. Subsequent additional high-energy feeds have caused a marked increase in surviving giraffe body weights although energy levels consumed were at the lower end of current recommendations. The relationship between low-energy reserves, high-energy demand in colder temperatures, and the possibility that hypoglycemia is a credible cause of the collapse of giraffe in these circumstances, is postulated to be the likely pathogenesis of giraffe deaths, previously reported elsewhere under the generic term "peracute mortality syndrome".
Peracetic acid disinfectant efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on polystyrene surfaces and comparison between methods to measure it (2013)

In food industry, biofilms are a source of recalcitrant contaminations, being possible sources of public health problems. The aims of this study were evaluate the disinfectant efficacy of peracetic acid against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms grown on polystyrene surfaces, determining the best method to measuring its disinfecting efficacy. PERAsafe® has been used as peracetic acid donor into medium. Direct colony-forming units (CFUs) counts together with two assays based in optical density measurement have been tested. Starting from bacterial suspensions (∼105), the log10 values obtained were 4.34 ± 0.20, 2.60 ± 0.77 and 0.00 for 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.61%, PERAsafe® concentrations, respectively, showing that this compound achieved the 100% killing efficacy against P. aeruginosa biofilms. Comparative study among the selected tests shows similar results between CFUs counts and spectrophotometry, but there are significant differences between direct counting and McFarland test. At concentration of 1.61%, the correlation factors were 0.8998 and 0.7338 when comparing CFU direct counting with microplate absorbance measurements and McFarland turbidity tests, respectively. These results show that measurement on microplates is an effective tool to evaluate the effectiveness of PERAsafe® against P. aeruginosa biofilms, being able to effectively replace the CFUs count in routine tests to determine the sterilization levels on surfaces.
Blood Cell Membranes and Haemostasis (1982)

Review Articles| October 25 2010 Blood Cell Membranes and Haemostasis Subject Area: Cardiovascular System , Hematology , Pathology and Cell Biology Robert F.A. Zwaal; Robert F.A. Zwaal Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. Coenraad Hemker H. Coenraad Hemker Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis (1982) 11 (1): 12–39. https://doi.org/10.1159/000214638 Article history Published Online: October 25 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Robert F.A. Zwaal, H. Coenraad Hemker; Blood Cell Membranes and Haemostasis. Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis 1 January 1982; 11 (1): 12–39. https://doi.org/10.1159/000214638 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1982Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Gas Separations with High-Flux Cellulose Acetate Membranes (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGas Separations with High-Flux Cellulose Acetate MembranesPeter K. Gantzel and Ulrich MertenCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1970, 9, 2, 331–332Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260034a028https://doi.org/10.1021/i260034a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views939Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A study of distributed environment for three‐dimensional image processing using extended server‐client model (1993)

Abstract One method for constructing a distributed image processing environment for three‐dimensional digital images is examined. VISUAL, which is proposed here, is based on an extended client/server model. Specifically, an image processing system is constructed from one server that manages the images and clients that correspond to the processing units in a series of image processes. VISUAL offers a platform where multiple client processes cooperate and operate under a server. In this paper, the basic overview, design objectives, and implementation are explained. In addition, the effectiveness of more efficient development of image processing systems by distributed functions and program hiding is demonstrated.