gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Activity and Resistance Profile of 2′,3′-Didehydro-3′-Deoxy-4′-Ethynylthymidine In Vitro (2005)

2',3'-Didehydro-3'-deoxy-4'-ethynylthymidine (4'-Ed4T) has been identified as a novel nucleoside analog with potent and selective anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity and weak cytotoxicity in cell cultures. 4'-Ed4T proved to be 5- to 10-fold more active than its structurally related compound, stavudine (d4T). However, the drug resistance profile of 4'-Ed4T was different from those of d4T and other existing HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Approximately 6- to 11-fold decreases in susceptibility to 4'-Ed4T were observed for HIV-1 carrying NRTI-associated mutations (D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219Q) or the lamivudine (3TC)-resistant mutation M184V. In contrast, the susceptibility of the virus carrying the K65R mutation or the multidrug-resistant mutation with the Q151M complex (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) was not altered. Furthermore, the activity of 4'-Ed4T appeared to be enhanced in the presence of K103N, a major nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant mutation. Although 4'-Ed4T was 4.5- to 17.5-fold less active against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates than against a reference strain isolated from a treatment-naïve patient, it was still inhibitory to these isolates at low concentrations. Analysis of 4'-Ed4T-resistant HIV-1 obtained through in vitro selection revealed that the virus was also resistant to 3TC and had two amino acid mutations (P119S and T165A) in addition to the M184V mutation. Since 4'-Ed4T has increased anti-HIV-1 activity, decreased cytotoxicity, and a different resistance profile, it should be considered for further development as a new member of NRTIs.
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. CLXV. Proteolytic enzymes. 15. Inhibition of guinea pig complement by derivatives of m-phenoxypropoxybenzamidine (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIrreversible enzyme inhibitors. CLXV. Proteolytic enzymes. 15. Inhibition of guinea pig complement by derivatives of m-phenoxypropoxybenzamidineBernard Randall Baker and Michael CoryCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 6, 1053–1056Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00306a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00306a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study on Characteristic of Aqueous Polymer Isocyanate Curing Reaction (2010)

In this study the effect of isocyanate at room temperature on the curing behavior of PVAc was investigated. Crosslinking reactions are one of the most commonly used techniques to improve physical properties of PVAc. Commonly used crosslinkers for these reactions have high reaction activity such as isocyanate. Quantitative analysis of isocyanate with PVAc will be described in this report. A XPS technique has been established to analyze structure of crosslinking in PVAc. And physical property analysis will also be described.
Inventory of full scale test facilities for evaluation of building energy performances (2016)

The aim of the first subtask of IEA EBC Annex 58 was to give an overview and evaluation of previous and ongoing in situ test activities based on a literature review and existing reports.\nAn inventory was made of full scale test facilities for the evaluation of energy performances of building components and systems, available at different institutes all over the world. \nThe book gives a description of 25 existing test facilities or test sites according to their main functionalities: objectives, lay-out of the infrastructure, typical equipment and operation, examples of measuring campaigns and analysis methods. The descriptions were provided by the participants of IEA-Annex 58. The inventory provides examples and background to building researchers responsible for the design and construction of new test facilities or for the management of existing ones.
Prevalence of respiratory diseases and their association with growth rate and space in randomly selected swine herds. (1986)

The prevalence and extent of respiratory tract lesions were measured in 1425 pigs from 27 randomly selected herds in the summer of 1982 and winter of 1983. About 75% of pigs had lesions of enzootic pneumonia, approximately 60% had atrophic rhinitis and approximately 11% had pleuropneumonia and/or pleuritis. Individual pig growth rate was recorded on two of the farms, and it was found that the correlations between growth rate and severity of enzootic pneumonia lesions were positive on one farm and negative on the other. Negative correlations between severity of turbinate atrophy and growth rate existed in one of the two herds. Extent of pneumonia and severity of turbinate atrophy were poorly related in individual pigs but herd averages were moderately and positively correlated. Prevalence of diffuse pleuritis and of pleuropneumonia were positively related, as were the extent of pneumonia and prevalence of localized pleuritis. Prevalence of pleuropneumonia was strongly correlated with increased days-to-market. A method of estimating the average days-to-market using weekly herd data (inventory) was developed.
MARKOV CHAIN MODELS OF COUPLED INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM CHANNELS: KRONECKER STRUCTURED REPRESENTATIONS AND BENCHMARK STATIONARY DISTRIBUTION CALCULATIONS (2007)

Mathematical models of calcium release sites derived from Markov chain models of intracellular calcium channels exhibit collective gating reminiscent of the experimentally observed phenomenon of stochastic calcium excitability (i.e., calcium puffs and sparks). We present a Kronecker structured representation for calcium release site models and perform benchmark stationary distribution calculations using numerical iterative solution techniques that leverage this structure. In this context we find multi-level methods and certain preconditioned projection methods superior to simple Gauss-Seidel type iterations. Response measures such as the number of channels in a particular state converge more quickly using these numerical iterative methods than occupation measures calculated via Monte Carlo simulation.
THE INHIBITORY ACTIONS OF PROSTAGLANDINS ON RESPIRATORY SMOOTH MUSCLE (1964)

Prostaglandin E(1), in concentrations as low as 1 ng/ml., relaxed isolated tracheal muscle from cat, monkey, rabbit, guinea-pig and ferret. Tracheal muscle from the cat, monkey and rabbit did not exhibit inherent tone and the effect of prostaglandin E(1) on these preparations was seen only after a sustained contraction had been produced by a previous dose of acetylcholine or of another agonist. Prostaglandins E(2), E(3) and F(1alpha) also relaxed isolated cat tracheal muscle which had been stimulated by acetylcholine: their activities relative to that of prostaglandin E(1) were, respectively, 1.0, 0.2 and 0.002. In the anaesthetized cat prostaglandin E(1) increased lung "resistance to inflation" (presumably comparable to bronchial resistance) and the heart rate. In the anaesthetized rabbit and guinea-pig, prostaglandin E(1) antagonized the rise in resistance to inflation of the lungs obtained after vagal stimulation or after the intravenous injection of histamine; it sometimes lowered the resistance to inflation in these species. The possibility that prostaglandin may have a local physiological role in the control of bronchial smooth muscle tone is discussed.
Identification of Two Dominant Genes Conditioning Brown Stem Rot Resistance in Soybean (1988)

Brown stem rot (BSR), caused by Phialophora gregata (Allington and Chamberlain) W. Gains, is an important disease of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] especially in the North Central USA. This study was conducted to provide an additional generation of data to confirm the presence of a single dominant allele for BSR resistance in L78‐4094, to determine the number of alleles conditioning BSR resistance in PI437833, and to study the relationship between BSR resistant alleles in PI437833 and L78‐4094. Plants (F 2 ) of LN78‐2714 BSR‐susceptible (S) × L78‐4094 BS R‐resistant (R), F 2 plants and F, 2:3 families of crosses PI437833 (R) × ‘Century’ (S) an PI437833 (R) × L78‐4094 (R) were inoculated in the greenhouse and evaluated for BSR resistance. Plants were classified as resistant or susceptible based on the presence or absence of leaf necrosis 5 weeks after inoculation. The BSR resistance in L78‐4094 is conditioned by a dominant allele, designated Rbs 1 , and the BSR resistance in PI437833 is governed by a dominant allele different from, Rbs 1 , designated Rbs 2 .
Improvement in Stretch Flangeability ofUltra High Strength Steel Sheets with Punch Having Gradual Contact (2011)

To improve the stretch flangeability of ultra high strength steel sheets having a low ductility, flanging with a punch having gradual contact was developed. The tensile stress on the corner of the sheet flange was reduced by using angle of inclination of the punch. Although the stretch flanging ratio decreased as the angle and width of the punch inclination increased, the fracture on the corner of the sheet flange appeared at the limiting stretch flanging ratio. The large camber on the upper surface of the sheet after flanging with the punch was observed. The optimum angle and width of the punch inclination for the prevention of the occurrence of fracture were calculated using finite element simulation under a limited punch stroke. The limited flange length of the sheet with the optimum punch showed an increase of 30% for the 980 MPa grade ultra high strength steel sheet.
Beta-2 microglobulin is an amyloidogenic protein in man. (1985)

Curvilinear fibrils with the tinctorial properties of amyloid were isolated from a patient with bone and joint involvement complicating chronic dialysis for renal disease. Subunit fractions of 24,000 and 12,000 mol wt were identified after gel filtration under dissociating conditions, the latter containing a significant amount of a dimer of the former. This was confirmed by Edman degradation of each fraction, which yielded the amino terminal sequence of normal human beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) to residues 20 and 30, respectively. The size of the subunit protein (12,000 mol wt) and the amino acid composition make it likely that intact B2M is a major constituent of the fibrils. B2M is thus another example of a low molecular weight serum protein, with a prominent beta-pleated sheet structure, that may adopt the fibrillar configuration of amyloid in certain pathologic states.
A hybrid ARQ scheme for DS-CDMA mobile data communications (2002)

This paper proposes a selective repeat hybrid-ARQ scheme for mobile data communications. An simplified Chase decoding and Viterbi decoding with code combining and diversity combining are concatenated as forward error correction (FEC). The Chase (1972) decoding algorithm is simplified in such a way that the algorithm searches for error bits according to their reliability information, and the try order for correct errors is controlled in order to reduce the number of calculations. The frames used for code combining and diversity combining are selected according to the reliability of the received frames. The extremely bad frames are discarded and only the good frames are combined for decoding, thus enhancing the decoding ability. The simplified Chase decoding increases the throughput in higher Eb/N0 ranges and the Viterbi decoding with code combining and diversity combining improves the throughput in the lower Eb/N0 ranges. Computer simulation results show that the proposed scheme used in a wideband coherent DS-CDMA system improves the throughput within a very wide Eb/N0 ranges.
How to rotate a camera (2003)

A procedure is proposed that, given any rotating device to support a camera, places the camera's center of projection to within a tenth of a millimeter from the axis of the rotating device, even with wide angle lenses with severe distortion. Results are experimentally validated by checking that all the camera projection centers as computed through an off-the-shelf calibration method are at the same point in the world, and that the camera rotations computed by the same calibration method are close to the true values measured with a mechanical high accuracy positioning jig. Experimental data and Matlab code are accessible on the World-Wide Web.
The kinesin-like protein CENP-E is kinetochore-associated throughout poleward chromosome segregation during anaphase-A (1996)

The kinesin-like protein CENP-E transiently associates with kinetochores following nuclear envelope breakdown in late prophase, remains bound throughout metaphase, but sometime after anaphase onset it releases and by telophase becomes bound to interzonal microtubules of the mitotic spindle. Inhibition of poleward chromosome movement in vitro by CENP-E antibodies and association of CENP-E with minus-end directed microtubule motility in vitro have combined to suggest a key role for CENP-E as an anaphase chromosome motor. For this to be plausible in vivo depends on whether CENP-E remains kinetochore associated during anaphase. Using Indian muntjac cells whose seven chromosomes have large, easily tracked kinetochores, we now show that CENP-E is kinetochore-associated throughout the entirety of anaphase-A (poleward chromosome movement), relocating gradually during spindle elongation (anaphase-B) to the interzonal microtubules. These observations support roles for CENP-E not only in the initial alignment of chromosomes at metaphase and in spindle elongation in anaphase-B, but also in poleward chromosome movement in anaphase-A.
A thresholding scheme for target detection for noise radar systems based on random matrix theory (2014)

Target detection is one of important roles of radar systems. In this paper, we present a threshold method for multiple target detection for of noise radar systems. In order to avoid ambiguous target detection, we find thresholds to guarantee the detection performance with the same receiving antenna elements for a given false alarm probability. The threshold is computed from the largest and smallest eigenvalue distributions based on random matrix theory. Simulations show that the proposed threshold provides exact target detection.
StackGAN: Text to Photo-Realistic Image Synthesis with Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (2017)

Synthesizing high-quality images from text descriptions is a challenging problem in computer vision and has many practical applications. Samples generated by existing textto- image approaches can roughly reflect the meaning of the given descriptions, but they fail to contain necessary details and vivid object parts. In this paper, we propose Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (StackGAN) to generate 256.256 photo-realistic images conditioned on text descriptions. We decompose the hard problem into more manageable sub-problems through a sketch-refinement process. The Stage-I GAN sketches the primitive shape and colors of the object based on the given text description, yielding Stage-I low-resolution images. The Stage-II GAN takes Stage-I results and text descriptions as inputs, and generates high-resolution images with photo-realistic details. It is able to rectify defects in Stage-I results and add compelling details with the refinement process. To improve the diversity of the synthesized images and stabilize the training of the conditional-GAN, we introduce a novel Conditioning Augmentation technique that encourages smoothness in the latent conditioning manifold. Extensive experiments and comparisons with state-of-the-arts on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvements on generating photo-realistic images conditioned on text descriptions.
Scanning electron microscope imaging in liquids – some data on electron interactions in water (2006)

The electron backscattering coefficient of liquid water has been determined for electrons in the energy range 15-30 keV using Quantomix capsules. Values of the mean atomic number for water estimated from a fit to the backscatter yield, the mean ionization potential of water and from Monte Carlo simulations, show that the scattering behaviour of water is not anomalous despite the effects of hydrogen bonding. Computations of the electron range, and of the mean depth for backscattering, in water as a function of incident beam energy show that water and vitreous ice are good media for imaging purposes.
Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts for O<sub>2</sub>Reduction:  Pt Monolayer on Pd(111) and on Carbon-Supported Pd Nanoparticles (2004)

The kinetics of oxygen reduction was studied in acid solutions on Pt monolayers deposited on a Pd(111) surface and on carbon-supported Pd nanoparticles using the rotating disk-ring electrode technique. These electrocatalysts were prepared by a new method for depositing Pt monolayers involving the galvanic displacement by Pt of an underpotentially deposited Cu monolayer on a Pd substrate and characterized by scanning tunneling and transmission electron microscopies. The kinetics of O2 reduction shows a significant enhancement at Pt monolayers on Pd(111) and Pd nanoparticle surfaces in comparison with the reaction on Pt(111) and Pt nanoparticles. The four-electron reduction, with a first-charge transfer-rate determining step, is operative on both surfaces. The observed increase in the catalytic activity of Pt monolayer surfaces compared with Pt bulk and nanoparticle electrodes may reflect decreased formation of PtOH. An enhanced atomic scale surface roughness and low coordination of some atoms may contribute to the observed activity. The results illustrate that placing a Pt monolayer on a suitable metal nanoparticle substrate is an attractive way of designing better O2 reduction electrocatalysts. Also, by using this method the Pt content is reduced to very low levels. The Pt mass-specific activity of the Pt/Pd/C electrode is 5−8 times higher than that of the Pt/C electrocatalyst. The noble metal (Pt + Pd) mass-specific activity is two times higher than that of Pt/C.
The Poor Man’s Audio-Room (1952)

(1952). The Poor Man’s Audio-Room. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas: Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 15-18.
Integrated Photonic Platforms for Telecommunications: InP and Si (2013)

There is a relentless push for cost and size reduction in optical transmitters and receivers for fiber-optic links. Monolithically integrated optical chips in InP and Si may be a way to leap ahead of this trend. We discuss uses of integration technology to accomplish various telecommunications functions.
RTP Payload Format for Standard apt-X and Enhanced apt-X Codecs (2014)

This document specifies a scheme for packetizing Standard apt-X or Enhanced apt-X encoded audio data into Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets. The document describes a payload format that permits transmission of multiple related audio channels in a single RTP payload and a means of establishing Standard apt-X and Enhanced apt-X connections through the Session Description Protocol (SDP).
Congenital cerebral and ocular malformations induced in rhesus monkeys by Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (1977)

Rhesus monkey fetuses were inoculated with Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) vaccine virus by the direct intracerebral route at approximately 100 days gestation to determine possible teratogenicity of the virus. Congenital micrencephaly, hydrocephalus and cataracts were found in all animals and porencephaly in 67 percent of the cases. The virus replicated in the brain and other organs of the fetus. VEE vaccine virus is teratogenic for non-human primates and must be considered a potential teratogen of man.
A partitioning framework for aggressive data skipping (2014)

We propose to demonstrate a fine-grained partitioning framework that reorganizes the data tuples into small blocks at data loading time. The goal is to enable queries to maximally skip scanning data blocks. The partition framework consists of four steps: (1) workload analysis, which extracts features from a query workload, (2) augmentation, which augments each data tuple with a feature vector, (3) reduce, which succinctly represents a set of data tuples using a set of feature vectors, and (4) partitioning, which performs a clustering algorithm to partition the feature vectors and uses the clustering result to guide the actual data partitioning. Our experiments show that our techniques result in a 3-7x query response time improvement over traditional range partitioning due to more effective data skipping.
Hollow Reticular Shaped Highly Ordered Rice Husk Carbon for the Simultaneous Determination of Dopamine and Uric Acid (2020)

Abstract We have prepared activated porous carbon material through simple pyrolysis method from rice husks (rhAC) for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The prepared rhAC material was thoroughly characterized using various spectroscopic, microscopic, and electroanalytical techniques. Analysis of the voltammetric data showed that the analytes followed a first order reaction kinetics while following a 2e − /2H + transfer process. We have discussed the possible oxidation mechanism for the analytes based on the results from our experimental analysis. The rhAC_GCE sensor was tested for interference, reproducibility, and stability. The sensor was also tested to evaluate its applicability in real life.
The differential effect of VIP and PACAP on guinea pig gallbladder in vitro (2000)

PACAP has a dual effect on guinea pig gallbladder motility in vitro, producing contraction in the basal state, and both contraction and relaxation in the CCK-contracted state. This is in contrast to the effects of VIP, a closely related peptide.
Radar-observed spatial and temporal rainfall variability near the Tapajós-Amazon confluence (2014)

Standard Amazonian rainfall climatologies rely on stations preferentially located near river margins. River breeze circulations that tend to suppress afternoon rainfall near the river and enhance it inland are not typically considered when reporting results. Previous studies found surprising nocturnal rainfall maxima near the rivers in some locations. We examine spatial and temporal rainfall variability in the Santarém region of the Tapajós-Amazon confluence, seeking to describe the importance of breeze effects on afternoon precipitation and defining the areal extent of nocturnal rainfall maxima.We used three years of mean S band radar reflectivity from Santarém airport with a Z-R relationship appropriate for tropical convective conditions. These data were complemented by TRMM satellite rainfall estimates. Nocturnal rainfall was enhanced along the Amazon River, consistent with the hypothesis that these are associated with the passage of instability lines, perhaps enhanced by local channeling and by land breeze convergence. In the daytime, two rainfall bands appear in mean results, along the east bank of the Tapajós River and to the south of the Amazon River, respectively.