gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homologues of Human Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor from a Parasitic Nematode (2002)

Cytokines are the molecular messengers of the vertebrate immune system, coordinating the local and systemic immune responses to infective organisms. We report here functional and structural data on cytokine-like proteins from a eukaryotic pathogen. Two homologues of the human cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) have been isolated from the parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. Both molecules (Bm-MIF-1 and Bm-MIF-2) show parallel functions to human MIF. They are chemotactic for human monocytes and activate them to produce IL-8, TNF-alpha, and endogenous MIF. The human and nematode MIF homologues share a tautomerase enzyme activity, which is in each case abolished by the mutation of the N-terminal proline residue. The crystal structure of Bm-MIF-2 at 1.8-A resolution has been determined, revealing a trimeric assembly with an inner pore created by beta-stranded sheets from each subunit. Both biological activity and crystal structure reveal remarkable conservation between a human cytokine and its parasite counterpart despite the considerable phylogenetic divide among these organisms. The strength of the similarity implies that MIF-mediated pathways play an important role in nematode immune evasion strategies.
Antenna pointing and scanning control for a two axis gimbal system in the presence of platform motion (2003)

Pointing and scanning control algorithms for a two-axis gimbal, inertially stabilized, airborne antenna system are described and evaluated computer simulation. Satisfactory performance is demonstrated in the presence of aircraft maneuvers, with some (expected) degradation for the very-near-zenith antenna states. The antenna scanning algorithm presented is adaptive in its scan rate (to avoid scan distortions due to azimuth rate limiting imposed by the physical antenna system), is simple to implement, and properly accounts for aircraft maneuvering to maintain circular scanning trajectories in inertial space.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Changes in protein kinase C in early cardiomyopathy and in gracilis muscle in the BB/Wor diabetic rat (1998)

Hyperglycemia can upregulate protein kinase C (PKC), which may be an important mediator of the progression from normal heart and muscle function to diabetic myopathy in the myocardium and skeletal muscle in type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDM). We evaluated this possibility during the early stage of IDM in BB/Wor diabetic (D) rats and age-matched BB/Wor diabetes-resistant (DR) rats. Interventricular septal thickness, E wave peak velocity of tricuspid inflow (both minimum and maximum), and left ventricular (LV) weight index were increased, and the rate of change in LV pressure (LV dP/dt) decreased in D rats subjected to M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography and hemodynamic recording of heart rate, LV pressure (LVP), + LV dP/dt, -LV dP/dt, and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in vivo and in vitro 41 days after the onset of hyperglycemia. Whole ventricle basal PKC activity was increased by 44.4 and 18.4% in the particulate and soluble fractions, respectively, from D rats compared with that from DR rats using r-32P phosphorylation of appropriate peptide substrates. When measured by Western blot gel densitometry, particulate PKC-alpha and PKC-delta content increased by 89 and 24%, respectively, but soluble PKC-beta and soluble and particulate PKC-epsilon were unchanged compared with that of DR rats. Similarly, gracilis muscle PKC activity and PKC-alpha and PKC-delta were elevated in the gracilis muscle, whereas that of the circulating neutrophil did not differ between the D and DR rats. Thus, in vivo, the early diabetic cardiomyopathy of the D rat is characterized by a restrictive LV with increased septal thickness and is associated with elevated PKC activity and increased amounts of myocardial particulate PKC-alpha and PKC-delta, which are also seen in the skeletal muscle. We conclude that increased PKC isozymes may play a pivotal role during IDM in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy.
Nucleophilic oxygenation of carbon dioxide by superoxide ion in aprotic media to form the peroxydicarbonate(2-) ion species (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic oxygenation of carbon dioxide by superoxide ion in aprotic media to form the peroxydicarbonate(2-) ion speciesJulian L. Roberts Jr., Thomas S. Calderwood, and Donald T. SawyerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 17, 4667–4670Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00329a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00329a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views818Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Construction of bacteriophage expressing mouse monoclonal Fab fragments directed against the human MN glycophorin blood group antigens (1995)

These results suggest that Fab-phage may provide novel reagents with applications in immunohematology and may be useful in the study of the immune response to human blood group antigens.
Evaluation of Hydrogel Suppositories for Delivery of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and Hematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether to Rectal Tumors (2016)

We evaluated the potential utility of hydrogels for delivery of the photosensitizing agents 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) to rectal tumors. Hydrogel suppositories containing ALA or HMME were administered to the rectal cavity of BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous tumors of SW837 rectal carcinoma cells. For comparison, ALA and HMME were also administered by three common photosensitizer delivery routes; local administration to the skin and intratumoral or intravenous injection. The concentration of ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX or HMME in the rectal wall, skin, and subcutaneous tumor was measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry, and their distribution in vertical sections of the tumor was measured using a fluorescence spectroscopy system. The concentration of ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX in the rectal wall after local administration of suppositories to the rectal cavity was 9.76-fold (1 h) and 5.8-fold (3 h) higher than in the skin after cutaneous administration. The maximal depth of ALA penetration in the tumor was ~3-6 mm at 2 h after cutaneous administration. Much lower levels of HMME were observed in the rectal wall after administration as a hydrogel suppository, and the maximal depth of tumor penetration was <2 mm after cutaneous administration. These data show that ALA more readily penetrates the mucosal barrier than the skin. Administration of ALA as an intrarectal hydrogel suppository is thus a potential delivery route for photodynamic therapy of rectal cancer.
The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the stability of the herbicide glyphosate during bread leavening (2005)

As a result of projected increases in the glyphosate use on wheat and the role of bread as a dietary staple, this may contribute to more informed decisions being made relating to the use of glyphosate on glyphosate-resistant wheat, from a public health/regulatory perspective.
Wortfamilien und Wortfelder (1970)

Die alte Frage, die hier neu gestellt wird, ist die nach dem Wortschatz im Fremdsprachenunterricht. Es kann angenommen werden, da& der moderne Lehrer auf die Frage nach dem Vokabellernen ablehnend, zumindest skeptisch reagiert. Niemand wird heute noch dem zusammenhanglosen Auswendiglernen von Vokabeln das Wort reden. Der herrschenden Methodik, nach der neue W6rter im Fremdsprachenunterricht in ihrem Gebrauch zu lernen sind, also in Satzen und in natirlichen Sprechund Sprachsituationen, soil hier keineswegs widersprochen werden. Anders ist es, wenn das Vokabellernen iberhaupt abgelehnt oder in den Hintergrund gedrangt wird. In dem Bestreben, den Lernstoff zu reduzieren, bietet sich der Wortschatz als das Gebiet an, auf dem am ehesten Abstriche gemacht werden k6nnen. Innerhalb des Lautsystems, der Morphologie und der Syntax sind entweder gar keine oder nur augerst geringe Abstriche m6glich. Da die moderne Didaktik ihr Hauptaugenmerk zudem gerade auf die Einibung lautlicher Gegebenheiten der morphologischen und syntaktischen Muster richtet, sich diese Systembereiche aber schon mit einem begrenzten lexikalischen Inventar demonstrieren und Oben lassen, so kann Stoffbeschrankung im Fremdsprachenunterricht nichts anderes bedeuten als Reduktion im Bereich des 'Lexikons' der Zielsprache. (G. Kaufmann, Gewinnung und Aufbereitung von lexikalischem Material fOr das Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Deutschunterricht fOr Auslinder, Jg. 18, 3-4, S. 81).
Complications of Anterior Subcutaneous Internal Fixation for Unstable Pelvis Fractures: A Multicenter Study (2012)

Background Stabilization after a pelvic fracture can be accomplished with an anterior external fixator. These devices are uncomfortable for patients and are at risk for infection and loosening, especially in obese patients. As an alternative, we recently developed an anterior subcutaneous pelvic internal fixation technique (ASPIF). Questions/purposes We asked if the ASPIF (1) allows for definitive anterior pelvic stabilization of unstable pelvic injuries; (2) is well tolerated by patients for mobility and comfort; and (3) has an acceptable complication rate. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 91 patients who incurred an unstable pelvic injury treated with an anterior internal fixator and posterior fixation at four Level I trauma centers. We assessed (1) healing by callous formation on radiographs and the ability to weightbear comfortably; (2) patient function by their ability to sit, stand, lie on their sides, and how well they tolerated the implants; and (3) complications during the observation period. The minimum followup was 6 months (mean, 15 months; range, 6-40 months). Results All 91 patients were able to sit, stand, and lie on their sides. Injuries healed without loss of reduction in 89 of 91 patients. Complications included six early revisions resulting from technical error and three infections. Irritation of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was reported in 27 of 91 patients and resolved in all but one. Heterotopic ossification around the implants, which was asymptomatic in all cases, occurred in 32 of 91 patients. Conclusions The anterior internal fixator provided high rates of union for the anterior injury in unstable pelvic fractures. Patients were able to sit, stand and ambulate without difficulty. Infections and aseptic loosening were reduced but heterotopic ossification and irritation of the LFCN are common. Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Signalling drought in guard cells (2002)

Abstract A number of environmental conditions including drought, low humidity, cold and salinity subject plants to osmotic stress. A rapid plant response to such stress conditions is stomatal closure to reduce water loss from plants. From an external stress signal to stomatal closure, many molecular components constitute a signal transduction network that couples the stimulus to the response. Numerous studies have been directed to resolving the framework and molecular details of stress signalling pathways in plants. In guard cells, studies focus on the regulation of ion channels by abscisic acid (ABA), a chemical messenger for osmotic stress. Calcium, protein kinases and phosphatases, and membrane trafficking components have been shown to play a role in ABA signalling process in guard cells. Studies also implicate ABA‐independent regulation of ion channels by osmotic stress. In particular, a direct osmosensing pathway for ion channel regulation in guard cells has been identified. These pathways form a complex signalling web that monitors water status in the environment and initiates responses in stomatal movements.
Scintillator slurries of barium fluoride sand and index matched liquids (1989)

The authors investigated some of the scintillation properties of small quantities of crushed and ground crystalline barium fluoride powders or sands, wetted with a variety of fluid solutions closely matched in refractive index to the barium fluoride, forming a clear scintillator slurry with a density of about 3.8 g/cm/sup 3/ and a radiation length estimated to be about 2.8 cm. Some successful mixtures used novel liquid scintillators as the fluid base, providing a totally active scintillator detector matrix with a light output on a small sample about 30% of that produced by NaI. It is concluded that these heavy fluid or gel-like materials have the potential of creating relatively dense, short-radiation-length, fast, radiation-hard scintillators for large-scale calorimetric radiation detectors, with much lower cost than single-crystal detectors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neural Network Design in Cloud Computing (2013)

It is proposed to have a study on the diagnosis of cancer using neural network approach. Artificial Neural Network is a branch of Artificial intelligence, has been accepted as a new technology in computer science. Neural Networks are currently a hot research area in medicine. It has a huge application in many areas such as education, business, medical, engineering and manufacturing. Neural Network plays an important role in a decision support system. In this paper, an attempt has been made to make use of neural networks in the medical field along with cloud computing. A new development framework for cloud computing called User Interface Medical Services (UIMS) is formulated. Cancer diagnosis is carried out using neural networks and the implementation of cloud computing enhance the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis. Keyword: Neural network,cloud computing, UIMS (user interface medical services)
Binding-time analysis and the taming of C pointers (1993)

The aim of binding-time analysis is to determine when variables, expressions, statements, etc. in a program can be evaluated by classifying these into static (compile-time) and dynamic (run-time). Explicit separation of binding times has turned out to be crucial for successful self-application of partial evaluators, and apparently, it is also an important stepping-stone for profitable specialization of imperative languages with pointers and dynamic memory allocation. In this paper we present an automatic binding-time analysis for a substantial subset of the C language.
MoS<sub>2</sub>/Graphene Composite Paper for Sodium-Ion Battery Electrodes (2014)

We study the synthesis and electrochemical and mechanical performance of layered free-standing papers composed of acid-exfoliated few-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) flakes for use as a self-standing flexible electrode in sodium-ion batteries. Synthesis was achieved through vacuum filtration of homogeneous dispersions consisting of varying weight percent of acid-treated MoS2 flakes in GO in DI water, followed by thermal reduction at elevated temperatures. The electrochemical performance of the crumpled composite paper (at 4 mg cm(-2)) was evaluated as counter electrode against pure Na foil in a half-cell configuration. The electrode showed good Na cycling ability with a stable charge capacity of approximately 230 mAh g(-1) with respect to total weight of the electrode with Coulombic efficiency reaching approximately 99%. In addition, static uniaxial tensile tests performed on crumpled composite papers showed high average strain to failure reaching approximately 2%.
Speech-Driven Text Retrieval: Using Target IR Collections for Statistical Language Model Adaptation in Speech Recognition (2002)

Speech recognition has of late become a practical technology for real world applications. Aiming at speech-driven text retrieval, which facilitates retrieving information with spoken queries, we propose a method to integrate speech recognition and retrieval methods. Since users speak contents related to a target collection, we adapt statistical language models used for speech recognition based on the target collection, so as to improve both the recognition and retrieval accuracy. Experiments using existing test collections combined with dictated queries showed the effectiveness of our method.
Digital television: making it work (1997)

Now that the US standard for digital TV has set technical parameters, equipment has to be built for production, editing and broadcast. The full-production HDTV facility must support existing NTSC equipment. When possible, it also must allow compressed operations (like storage and splicing) to avoid encoding and decoding penalties. The configuration resembles that being created as part of the NIST HDBT project. In this setup, a high-speed ATM computer network routes the compressed bit-stream around the studio. Besides the compressed video, the ATM net routes intercom, digital audio (compressed or not), and data. All the equipment (servers, encoders, and the off-line transcoder) interfaces to the ATM router, which is the studio's central switch, replacing the router of conventional studios. The transcoder's job is to convert one compressed format into another. All the devices on the computer network are controlled by the studio control workstation. This architecture also allows connection to be made to other TV studios over existing telecommunications networks. A network interface device has this job. In the early stages, video production will be performed on uncompressed video. As compressed technology advances, more production will be done on compressed video. Most studios will probably transition to compressed production but retain uncompressed elements to take advantage of some of its features.
Spectrum and interference issues in ATV (1989)

The author discusses some of the spectrum and interference issues that arise in connection with HDTV (high-definition television). It is noted that if a large percentage of the present VHF and UHF broadcasters are to be accommodated with extra spectrum for ATV (advanced TV) service, two things are obvious from the preliminary results of a study by the Spectrum Scenarios Specialist Group: ATV systems will have to operate at significantly reduced cochannel spacings, and taboo spectrum will have to be used. In this context the author examines the interference requirements of ATV systems and considers approaches that might lead to effective interference reduction and/or elimination or reduction of the taboos. The reduction of interference by means of transmission system design and modern signal processing techniques in the spectrum-compatible HDTV system is shown as an example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On disk caching of Web objects in proxy servers (1997)

Article On disk caching of Web objects in proxy servers Share on Authors: Charu G. Aggarwal IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Philip S. Yu IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '97: Proceedings of the sixth international conference on Information and knowledge managementJanuary 1997 Pages 238–245https://doi.org/10.1145/266714.266904Online:01 January 1997Publication History 11citation418DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads418Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Game Analytics for Game User Research, Part 1: A Workshop Review and Case Study (2013)

The emerging field of game user research (GUR) investigates interaction between players and games and the surrounding context of play. Game user researchers have explored methods from, for example, human-computer interaction, psychology, interaction design, media studies, and the social sciences. They've extended and modified these methods for different types of digital games, such as social games, casual games, and serious games. This article focuses on quantitative analytics of in-game behavioral user data and its emergent use by the GUR community. The article outlines open problems emerging from several GUR workshops. In addition, a case study of a current collaboration between researchers and a game company demonstrates game analytics' use and benefits.
Adaptive Threshold-Based Shadow Masking for Across-Date Settlement Classification of Panchromatic QuickBird Images (2013)

Multitemporal land-use analysis is becoming increasingly important for the effective management of Earth resources. Despite that, consistent differences in the viewing and illumination geometry in satellite-borne imagery introduce some issues in the creation of land-use classification maps. The focus of this letter is settlement classification with high-resolution panchromatic acquisitions, using texture features to distinguish between settlement classes. The important multitemporal variance component of shadow is effectively removed before feature determination, which allows for minimum-supervision across-date classification. Shadow detection based on local adaptive thresholding is employed and experimentally shown to outperform existing fixed threshold shadow detectors in increasing settlement classification accuracy. Both same- and across-date settlement accuracies are significantly improved with shadow masking during feature calculation. A statistical study was performed and found to support the hypothesis that the increased accuracy is due to shadow masking specifically.
Pathogenesis of invasive candidiasis (1994)

Pathogenesis of invasive candidiasis Get access N. Agabian, N. Agabian Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F.C. Odds, F.C. Odds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Poulain, D. Poulain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D.R. Soll, D.R. Soll Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T.C. White T.C. White Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology, Volume 32, Issue Supplement_1, December 1994, Pages 229–237, https://doi.org/10.1080/02681219480000861 Published: 01 December 1994