gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuromorphic Electronic Circuits for Building Autonomous Cognitive Systems (2014)

Several analog and digital brain-inspired electronic systems have been recently proposed as dedicated solutions for fast simulations of spiking neural networks. While these architectures are useful for exploring the computational properties of large-scale models of the nervous system, the challenge of building low-power compact physical artifacts that can behave intelligently in the real world and exhibit cognitive abilities still remains open. In this paper, we propose a set of neuromorphic engineering solutions to address this challenge. In particular, we review neuromorphic circuits for emulating neural and synaptic dynamics in real time and discuss the role of biophysically realistic temporal dynamics in hardware neural processing architectures; we review the challenges of realizing spike-based plasticity mechanisms in real physical systems and present examples of analog electronic circuits that implement them;we describe the computational properties of recurrent neural networks and show how neuromorphic winner-take-all circuits can implement working-memory and decision-making mechanisms. We validate the neuromorphic approach proposed with experimental results obtained from our own circuits and systems, and argue how the circuits and networks presented in this work represent a useful set of components for efficiently and elegantly implementing neuromorphic cognition.
In vivo inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma related angiogenesis by vinblastine and rapamycin. (2007)

This paper illustrates the use of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay to determine the single and combined antiangiogenic effects of very low doses of vinblastine (VBL) and rapamycin (RAP) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The angiogenic response induced by human HCC biopsy specimens was inhibited by each drug and sinergistically by their combination. Morever, immunohistochemical detection of microvessels with anti-CD31 mAB showed that their area was significantly lower in specimens treated with VBL and RAP in combination. Sinergy on the part of these well-known drugs when used in combination as antiangiogenics at very low doses may be of significance in the designing of new ways of treating HCC.
Synthesis, Structure, and Physicochemical and Catalytic Characterization of the Novel High-Silica Large-Pore Zeolite SSZ-42 (1998)

An undulating, one-dimensional 12-membered ring (MR) channel system is exhibited by the novel high-silica zeolite SSZ-42. Its framework topology was determined from X-ray diffraction data taken from a small single crystal (15×15×35 μm) and refined from powder diffraction data. The outcome is a surprise given that the measured adsorption capacity is much higher than expected for a one-dimensional system and that other analytical tools hinted at a multidimensional pore system with at least one 10- and one 12-MR.
Inorganic Membrane Technology (1987)

Abstract The objective of this program is to develop a variety of inorganic based high temperature separation membranes. Organic membranes are limited by temperature (<100°C) and chemical environments, and are unsuitable for high temperature applications. The higher temperature stabilities of inorganic materials make them ideal candidates for high temperature membrane applications. Polymers with inorganic backbone structures, such as the polyphosphazenes, are being examined for mid-temperature membrane separation applications (100°C–350°C). Metallic and ceramic membrane materials are being examined for high temperature separation applications (350°C–1000°C). The liquid and gas membrane test systems developed for this program are described. Preliminary results on the separation properties of poly[bis(2,2,2 trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene± membranes are reported for dilute aqueous methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and phenol feedstreams.
A novel scheme for binarization of vehicle images using hierarchical histogram equalization technique (2010)

Automatic License Plate Recognition system is a challenging area of research now-a-days and binarization is an integral and most important part of it. In case of a real life scenario, most of existing methods fail to properly binarize the image of a vehicle in a congested road, captured through a CCD camera. In the current work we have applied histogram equalization technique over the complete image and also over different hierarchy of image partitioning. A novel scheme is formulated for giving the membership value to each pixel for each hierarchy of histogram equalization. Then the image is binarized depending on the net membership value of each pixel. The technique is exhaustively evaluated on the vehicle image dataset as well as the license plate dataset, giving satisfactory performances.
Room temperature rubbing for few-layer two-dimensional thin flakes directly on flexible polymer substrates (2013)

The functional layers of few-layer two-dimensional (2-D) thin flakes on flexible polymers for stretchable applications have attracted much interest. However, most fabrication methods are "indirect" processes that require transfer steps. Moreover, previously reported "transfer-free" methods are only suitable for graphene and not for other few-layer 2-D thin flakes. Here, a friction based room temperature rubbing method is proposed for fabricating different types of few-layer 2-D thin flakes (graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂), and tungsten disulphide (WS₂)) on flexible polymer substrates. Commercial 2-D raw materials (graphite, h-BN, MoS₂, and WS₂) that contain thousands of atom layers were used. After several minutes, different types of few-layer 2-D thin flakes were fabricated directly on the flexible polymer substrates by rubbing procedures at room temperature and without any transfer step. These few-layer 2-D thin flakes strongly adhere to the flexible polymer substrates. This strong adhesion is beneficial for future applications.
Incorporation of Antioxidant Groups into Polydienes. II. Via Free-Radical Reactions of Phenol- or Amine-Substituted Sulfur Compounds (1977)

Abstract Methods for incorporation of effective antioxidant groups into both emulsion diene homo- or copolymers and stereospecific diene homopolymers via free radical reactions of sulfur-containing compounds were described. They involved either chain transfer reactions of phenol- or amine-substituted mercaptans or disulfides in emulsion diene polymerization systems or free-radical additions of phenol- or amine-substituted alkyl mercaptans to polydienes after polymerization. The latter reactions were applicable both to polydiene latexes and to solutions of stereospecific polydienes. The potential effectiveness of certain phenol- or amine-substituted mercaptans and disulfides to interact with polymer radicals was determined by measurement of chain transfer constants in bulk styrene polymerization. The efficiency of conferment of antioxidant activity upon polydienes by sulfur-containing compounds via chain transfer or addition reactions was determined by oxygen absorption studies of preextracted polymers. In some instances the relationship between the degree of oxidation resistance conferred upon a polymer with its concentration of chemically bound antioxidant function was determined by colorimetric or uv spectrophotometric analysis.
A Statistical Analysis of a Counseling-Teaching Instrument (1970)

Readers of this Journal for the past several years have been kept up to date on the development of the business communication program at the University of Houston. This article describes and evaluates a testing procedure used to pre dict student performance in the basic business communication course.
Morphological analysis of GeTe in inline phase change switches (2015)

Crystallization and amorphization phenomena in indirectly heated phase change material-based devices were investigated. Scanning transmission electron microscopy was utilized to explore GeTe phase transition processes in the context of the unique inline phase change switch (IPCS) architecture. A monolithically integrated thin film heating element successfully converted GeTe to ON and OFF states. Device cycling prompted the formation of an active area which sustains the majority of structural changes during pulsing. A transition region on both sides of the active area consisting of polycrystalline GeTe and small nuclei (&lt;15 nm) in an amorphous matrix was also observed. The switching mechanism, determined by variations in pulsing parameters, was shown to be predominantly growth-driven. A preliminary model for crystallization and amorphization in IPCS devices is presented.
Validating Surfactant Performance in the Eagle Ford Shale: A Correlation between the Reservoir-on-a-Chip Approach and Enhanced Well Productivity (2014)

Abstract For liquids-rich shale plays, surfactants have proven to be a critical component in hydraulic fracturing fluid systems for enabling enhanced oil and gas recovery. The industry's most commonly used surfactant is a non-emulsifying surfactant (NES), but it has been previously demonstrated that a weakly emulsifying surfactant (WES) appears to be more efficient at mobilizing oil through tight pore throats. In this study, fundamental differences between those two surfactant types were further demonstrated using a Reservoir-on-a-Chip (ROC) approach, which allows direct visualization of oil recovery with the various surfactant fluids, allowing for the testing on both homogenous and heterogeneous pore structures with various geometries. The laboratory testing showed that, compared to a non-surfactant-bearing control fluid and the NES, the WES showed higher oil recovery efficiency at equal driving pressure. As a result of the laboratory testing indications, a multiple well trial program was conducted in two separate areas of the Eagle Ford shale. Production data from the wells stimulated using a WES-bearing fracturing fluid were normalized in terms of lateral lengths and fracturing stages, and compared to the offset wells stimulated using a NES-bearing fracturing fluid. Early production results suggest that wells treated with the WES exhibited enhanced productivity compared to those treated with the NES.
The Role of MicroRNAs in Human Diseases. (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules which bind to target mRNAs, resulting in translational repression and gene silencing and are found in all eukaryotic cells. Approximately 2200 miRNA genes have been reported to exist in the mammalian genome, from which over 1000 belong to the human genome. Many major cellular functions such as development, differentiation, growth, and metabolism are known to be regulated by miRNAs. Proximity to other genes in the genome and their locations in introns of coding genes, noncoding genes and exons have been reported to have a major influence on the level of gene expressions in eukaryotic cells. miRNAs are well conserved in eukaryotic system and are believed to be an essential and evolutionary ancient component of gene regulatory networks. Therefore, in recent years miRNAs have been studied as a likely candidate for involvement in most biologic processes and have been implicated in many human diseases.
Novel Reductant for Determination of Total Plasma Homocysteine (1997)

Homocysteine (Hcy), increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for vascular disease (1), is found primarily in plasma in the form of homocystine and mixed disulfides, both protein-bound and unbound; total Hcy (tHcy) is the sum of all Hcy species obtained after quantitative reduction. Several methods are currently used to measure tHcy in plasma, including GC/MS, ion-exchange chromatography, and HPLC (2). In one of the most popular HPLC techniques, any homocystine and homocysteine-mixed disulfides present are reduced with tri-butyl phosphine (TBP) to Hcy, which is subsequently derivatized with ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F) to produce a fluorescent product (3)(4).

TBP has a highly disagreeable odor and is poorly soluble in water so that it must be dissolved in dimethylformamide for use, both of which properties hinder the routine use of TBP in a clinical laboratory. Here, we call attention to a newer phosphine reagent, tris(2-carboxylethyl) …
Optimal Physician Scheduling in a Multi-Clinic Network to Improve Patient Accessibility to Outpatient Care (2009)

Cost containment and workforce utilization typically leads to healthcare access regionalization. Little attention has thus been given to patient’s spatial accessibility in appointment scheduling. As a result, many outpatients encounter huge travel burden, especially when the service items are routine. We in this research consider a multi-clinic network. In the current practice, outpatient visits are scheduled in large medical centers, which may be far away from the patients &apos; residences. We propose to schedule physicians ’ weekly visits to local clinics and formulate the optimal physician scheduling decision problem as an integer program. Our aim is to minimize patient travel distance and time. We apply a simulation optimization approach to incorporate spatial uncertainties in follow-up visit requests. We present numerical studies to prove the concept that there is a need for the development of new delivery systems as many routine procedures can be done closer to patients ’ residences.
<title>Micromolding: a powerful tool for large-scale production of precise microstructures</title> (1996)

In recent years a number of micro machining processes have been developed suitable for the realization of industrial process applications, whereby the LIGA technique is considered to be one of the most promising and flexible technologies for the large scale fabrication of three- dimensional microstructure products. LIGA is based on the combination of deep lithography, and electroforming to realize mold inserts with high accuracy for the mass fabrication of microcomponents made from plastic material. The present report deals with the development of micromolding technologies which are applied at IMM. Specifically they are focused on the small dimensions of the molded microstructures, the high aspect ratio, and the demand for sub-micron precision. This includes the technical implementation of molding processes, the production of suitable micro mold inserts, the investigation in simulation software, the screening of polymer materials, ceramics, metallic powders or preceramic polymers and the development of quality qualification systems. The potential of micro molding processes will be demonstrated by presenting a variety of applications like micro gear wheels, micro pumps, micro optical components, splices and connectors, waveguides, optical gratings and components for chemical and biological micro reactors.
Construction of oxygen and chemical concentration gradients in a single microfluidic device for studying tumor cell–drug interactions in a dynamic hypoxia microenvironment (2012)

Recent microfluidic advancements in oxygen gradients have greatly promoted controllable oxygen-sensitive cellular investigations at microscale resolution. However, multi-gradient integration in a single microfluidic device for tissue-mimicking cell investigation is not yet well established. In this study, we describe a method that can generate oxygen and chemical concentration gradients in a single microfluidic device via the formation of an oxygen gradient in a chamber and a chemical concentration gradient between adjacent chambers. The oxygen gradient dynamics were systematically investigated, and were quantitatively controlled using simple exchange between the aerial oxygen and the oxygen-free conditions in the gas-permeable polydimethylsiloxane channel. Meanwhile, the chemical gradient dynamics was generated using a special channel-branched device. For potential medical applications of the established oxygen and chemical concentration gradients, a tumor cell therapy assessment was performed using two antitumor drugs (tirapazamine and bleomycin) and two tumor cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells). The results of the proof-of-concept experiment indicate the dose-dependent antitumor effect of the drugs and hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity of tirapazamine. We demonstrate that the integration of oxygen and chemical concentration gradients in a single device can be applied to investigating oxygen- and chemical-sensitive cell events, which can also be valuable in the development of multi-gradient generating procedures and specific drug screening.
An ad hoc mobility model founded on social network theory (2004)

Almost all work on mobile ad hoc networks relies on simulations, which, in turn, rely on realistic movement models for their credibility. Since there is a total absence of realistic data in the public domain, synthetic models for movement pattern generation must be used and the most widely used models are currently very simplistic, the focus being ease of implementation rather than soundness of foundation. Whilst it would be preferable to have models that better reflect the movement of real users, it is currently impossible to validate any movement model against real data. However, it is lazy to conclude from this that all models are equally likely to be invalid so any will do.We note that movement is strongly affected by the needs of humans to socialise in one form or another. Fortunately, humans are known to associate in particular ways that can be mathematically modelled, and that are likely to bias their movement patterns. Thus, we propose a new mobility model that is founded on social network theory, because this has empirically been shown to be useful as a means of describing human relationships. In particular, the model allows collections of hosts to be grouped together in a way that is based on social relationships among the individuals. This grouping is only then mapped to a topographical space, with topography biased by the strength of social tie.We discuss the implementation of this mobility model and we evaluate emergent properties of the generated networks. In particular, we show that grouping mechanism strongly influences the probability distribution of the average degree (i.e., the average number of neighbours of a host) in the simulated network.
A Dual-Channel Direct-Conversion CMOS Receiver for Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting (2006)

A 0.25μm CMOS receiver circuit that operates from 698MHz to 746MHz, a spectrum allocated by the FCC for advanced mobile services for multimedia applications, is presented. The receiver supports an OFDM physical layer with modulation ranging from BPSK for pilot carriers to 16-QAM for high-rate data carriers. The RX has a NF of 2.6dB and an out-of-band IIP3 of -5.5dBm. It occupies 7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and draws 61mA from a 2.6V supply
Encyclopedia of lasers and optical technology (1991)

Chemical lasers, W.C.Solomon colour centre lasers, C.R.Pollock colour, science of, R.M.Boynton diffraction, optical, S.Solimeno electrodynamics, quantum, W.P.Healy free-electron lasers, H.P.Freund and R.K.Parker gas lasers, W.W.Duley holography, C.C.Guest interferometry, optical, P.Hariharan laser cooling and trapping of atomsl, J.E.Bjorkholm lasers - materials interactions, M.Bass laser pulsations, dynamical, N.Abraham lasers, W.T.Silfvast light sources, J.F.Waymouth luminescence, J.N.Demas and S.E.Demas micro-optics, K.Iga mode-locking of lasers, P.W.Smith and A.M.Weiner nonimaging concentrators (optics), R.Winston and J.O'Gallagher nonlinear optical processes, J.F.Reintjes nuclear pumped lasers, D.A.McArthur optical circuitry, H.M.Gibbs, et al optical fibre communications, B.K.Tariyal and A.H.Cherin optical fibre techniques (medicine), A.Katzir optical fibres, drawing and coating, L.L. Blyler, Jr and F.V.DiMarcello optical information processing, M.M.Mirsalehi optical phase conjugation, R.A.Fisher optical systems design, R.E.Fischer quantum optics, J.H.Eberly and P.W.Milonni rare gas-halide lasers, M.Obara and F.Kannari semiconductor injection lasers, P.J.Delfyett and C.H.Lee speckle interferometry, H.A.McAlister switching, optical, S.C.Gratze telescopes, optical, L.D.Barr tunable dye lasers, T.F.Johnston, Jr ultra-fast laser technology, P.J.Delfyett, et al ultrashort laser pulse chemistry and spectroscopy, J.L.Knee.
Protective Atmospheres for Hardening Steel (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProtective Atmospheres for Hardening SteelJ. R. GierCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1941, 33, 1, 38–41Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50373a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50373a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views18Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts