gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zhangye National Wetland Park Eco-Tourism Development Mode (2012)

The Zhangye National Wetland Park is the only one wetland park in Gansu province and the first national wetland park in inland river basin.Zhangye National Wetland Park has perfect ecosystem structure and function and profound historical and cultural background,but it is less competitive with its poor regional conditions.The development of eco-tourism is likely damage the ecological environment,while at the same time,likely to protect and promote the environment.For the sake of sustainable development,several measures are put forward:to take unified development and zone management,to improve the wetland ecotourism legislative system,to implement wetland ecological restoration project,to establish the long-term mechanism of monitoring ecological environment,to enhance the ecological conscionness of the management personnel,to strengthen the tourist publicity and education,and to encourage residents actively participate in management mode.
The human β<i>-globin</i> locus control region confers an early embryonic erythroid-specific expression pattern to a basic promoter driving the bacterial <i>lacZ</i> gene (1996)

The beta-globin locus control region (LCR) is contained on a 20 kb DNA fragment and is characterized by the presence of five DNaseI hypersensitive sites in erythroid cells, termed 5'HS1-5. A fully active 6.5 kb version of the LCR, called the muLCR, has been described. Expression of the beta-like globin genes is absolutely dependent on the presence of the LCR. The developmental expression pattern of the genes in the cluster is achieved through competition of the promoters for the activating function of the LCR. Transgenic mice experiments suggest that subtle changes in the transcription factor environment lead to the successive silencing of the embryonic epsilon-globin and fetal gamma-globin promoters, resulting in the almost exclusive transcription of the beta-globin gene in adult erythropoiesis. In this paper, we have asked the question whether the LCR and its individual hypersensitive sites 5'HS1-4 can activate a basic promoter in the absence of any other globin sequences. We have employed a minimal promoter derived from the mouse Hsp68 gene driving the bacterial beta-galactosidase (lacZ) gene. The results show that the muLCR and 5'HS3 direct erythroid-specific, embryonic expression of this construct, while 5'HS1, 5'HS2 and 5'HS4 are inactive at any stage of development. Expression of the muLCR and 5'HS3 transgenes is repressed during fetal stages of development. The transgenes are in an inactive chromatin conformation and the lacZ gene is not transcribed, as shown by in situ hybridization. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that the LCR requires the presence of an active promoter to adopt an open chromatin conformation and with models proposing progressive heterochromatization during embryogenesis. The results suggest that the presence of a beta-globin gene is required for LCR function as conditions become more stringent during development.
Thermally Reversible IPN Organic−Inorganic Polymer Hybrids Utilizing the Diels−Alder Reaction (2000)

Formation of an IPN (interpenetrating polymer network) of organic polymer and silica gel in the form of polymer hybrids was accomplished by utilizing the Diels−Alder reaction between maleimide and furan. Maleimide and furan groups were introduced in the side chain of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline), respectively. Polymer hybrids were prepared by acid-catalyzed sol−gel reaction of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) in the presence of these polymers. The progress of the Diels−Alder reaction between maleimide and furan was confirmed by UV and FT-IR spectroscopy. The solvent resistance of the polymer hybrids was improved by the formation of the IPN structure. Retro-Diels−Alder reaction takes place at an elevated temperature, and these reactions can be cycled.
Cadmium Induced Hypertension (1999)

The effect of cadmium acetate (0.32, 1.0, 3.2 mg/kg) and (1, 3.2, 10 microg) injected intravenously (i.v.) and intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) respectively in urethane anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats on blood pressure was examined. Cadmium injected (i.v.) produced transient fall in blood pressure followed by persistent rise. Hypertensive response in rats was dose and time dependent on intravenous cadmium administration. Cadmium (i.c.v.) produced statistically significant (p<0.01) hypertensive response at different time intervals as compared to saline treated controls. Repeated administration of cadmium (1 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days) produced increase in blood pressure. In four groups of rats treated with cadmium (1 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days), blood pressure was recorded 2,4,10,15 days after stopping the cadmium treatment. Blood pressure values at 2, 4, 10 days after stopping cadmium treatment were statistically significant (p<0.01). However, in the last group, blood pressure values were not statistically significant. These results show that cadmium exposure by (i.v. and i.c.v.) routes produced hypertensive response in rats. Hypertensive response is observed for the period of 2 weeks time in rats.
Dispersive wave generation by solitons in microstructured optical fibers (2004)

We study the nonlinear propagation of femtosecond pulses in the anomalous dispersion region of microstructured fibers, where soliton fission mechanisms play an important role. The experiment shows that the output spectrum contains, besides the infrared supercontinuum, a narrow-band 430-nm peak, carrying about one fourth of the input energy. By combining simulation and experiments, we explore the generation mechanism of the visible peak and describe its properties. The simulation demonstrates that the blue peak is generated only when the input pulse is so strongly compressed that the short-wavelength tail of the spectrum includes the wavelength predicted for the dispersive wave. In agreement with simulation, intensity-autocorrelation measurements show that the duration of the blue pulse is in the picosecond time range, and that, by increasing the input intensity, satellite pulses of lower intensity are generated.
"The Laws Are Like Cobwebs": Popular Resistance to Authority in Mid-Nineteenth Century British North America (1984)

The three men began their work on the morning of 26 January 1850. They were in the snowy street of the village of St.-Grrgoire le Grand, on the St. Lawrence south shore, to assess the population for school taxes. Hardly had they begun when they were confronted by a mob of three hundred angry men who ordered them to stop, tore up and burned their assessment books, and warned them not to attempt to carry out the government's work. A week later, on 2 February, the assessors went to the grand jury of the Court of Queen's Bench at Trois Rivi~res, seeking an accusation for rioting against the ringleaders of the St.- Grgoire resistance. The grand jury refused to act. That night masked men visited the homes of the school commissioners and the assessors. They were hauled from their beds, forced out into the street, and compelled to promise that they would not attempt to enforce the school law at the risk of having their homes and barns burned. Nightly disorders followed, reinforcing the threats with acts of arson. J.-E. Turcotte, a magistrate from Trois Rivi~res, took the initiative against the lawlessness. On 14 February he, a deputy sheriff, and a constable went to St.-Gr~goire to arrest rioters. As soon as they entered the village, the sound of horns rang out and a crowd of two hundred men gathered to drive the officers out of the parish. That night one of the assessors, Norbert B6liveau, watched helplessly as his barn went up in flames. Within twenty-four hours, however, troops were on their way from Sorel. Taking thirty-seven villagers prisoner, they brought a temporary truce in the Lower Canadian school war.
Signaling of c‐kit in dendritic cells influences adaptive immunity (2010)

The binding of the receptor tyrosine kinase, c-kit, to its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), mediates numerous biological functions. Important roles for c-kit in hematopoiesis, melanogenesis, erythropoiesis, spermatogenesis, and carcinogenesis are well documented. Similarly, activation of granulocytes, mast cells, and of eosinophils in particular, by c-kit ligation has long been known to result in degranulation with concomitant release of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines. However, recent work from a number of laboratories, including our own, highlights previously unappreciated functions for c-kit in immunologic processes. These novel findings strongly suggest that signaling through the c-kit-SCF axis could have a significant impact on the pathogenesis of diseases associated with an immunologic component. In our own studies, c-kit upregulation on dendritic cells via T helper (Th)2- and Th17-inducing stimuli led to c-kit activation and immune skewing toward these T helper subsets and away from Th1 responses. Others have shown that dendritic cell treatment with inhibitors of c-kit activation, such as imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), favored breaking of T-cell tolerance, skewing of responses toward production of Th1 cytokines, and activation of natural killer cells. These data all indicate that deeper understanding of, and ability to control, the c-kit-SCF axis could lead to improved treatment modalities aimed at redirecting unwanted and/or deleterious immune responses in a wide variety of conditions.
Efficacy of beta-glucuronidase assay for identification of Escherichia coli by the defined-substrate technology (1990)

In 1976, Kilian and Bulow described the association of beta-glucuronidase with the genus Escherichia (97% positive) and suggested that a beta-glucuronidase assay would be a useful identification test. Since that report, papers about the sensitivity and specificity of this enzyme for the identification of Escherichia coli from clinical sources, food, seawater, potable-water supplies, and various environmental sources have appeared. A study was undertaken to determine the efficacy and specificity of the defined-substrate technology beta-glucuronidase (Colilert) assay for the identification of this species from fecal samples. A total of 460 human, 105 cow, and 55 horse E. coli isolates were tested. Results showed 95.5% beta-glucuronidase-positive isolates in 24 h and 99.5% positive after 28 h of incubation. Only one E. coli isolate was negative. There were no significant differences in the percentage of beta-glucuronidase-positive isolates among the human or animal isolates. There were no non-E. coli isolates that were positive. All subjects carried beta-glucuronidase-positive E. coli.
Patterned Silk Films Cast from Ionic Liquid Solubilized Fibroin as Scaffolds for Cell Growth (2006)

Silk is an attractive biomaterial for use in tissue engineering applications because of its slow degradation, excellent mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. In this report, we demonstrate a simple method to cast patterned films directly from silk fibroin dissolved in an ionic liquid. The films cast from the silk ionic liquid solution were found to support normal cell proliferation and differentiation. The versatility of the silk ionic liquid solutions and the ability to process large amounts of silk into materials with controlled surface topography directly from the dissolved silk ionic liquid solution could enhance the desirability of biomaterials such as silk for a variety of applications.
Analysis of Microcrystalline Waxes by Gas-Liquid Chromatography (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of Microcrystalline Waxes by Gas-Liquid ChromatographyF. John. LudwigCite this: Anal. Chem. 1965, 37, 13, 1732–1737Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60232a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60232a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel miR-34a target, protein kinase D1, stimulates cancer stemness and drug resistance through GSK3/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer (2016)

One of the properties of human breast cancer cells is cancer stemness, which is characterized by self-renewal capability and drug resistance. Protein kinase D1 (PRKD1) functions as a key regulator of many cellular processes and is downregulated in invasive breast cancer cells. In this study, we found that PRKD1 was upregulated in MCF-7-ADR human breast cancer cells characterized by drug resistance. Additionally, we discovered that PRKD1 expression was negatively regulated by miR-34a binding to the PRKD1 3'-UTR. PRKD1 expression increased following performance of a tumorsphere formation assay in MCF-7-ADR cells. We also found that reduction of PRKD1 by ectopic miR-34a expression or PRKD1 siRNA treatment resulted in suppressed self-renewal ability in breast cancer stem cells. Furthermore, we confirmed that the PRKD1 inhibitor CRT0066101 reduced phosphorylated PKD/PKCμ, leading to suppression of breast cancer stemness through GSK3/β-catenin signaling. PRKD1 inhibition also influenced apoptosis initiation in MCF-7-ADR cells. Tumors from nude mice treated with miR-34a or CRT0066101 showed suppressed tumor growth, proliferation, and induced apoptosis. These results provide evidence that regulation of PRKD1, a novel miR-34a target, contributes to overcoming cancer stemness and drug resistance in human breast cancer.
p53 and ribosome biogenesis stress: The essentials (2014)

Cell proliferation and cell growth are two tightly linked processes, as the proliferation program cannot be executed without proper accumulation of cell mass, otherwise endangering the fate of the two daughter cells. It is therefore not surprising that ribosome biogenesis, a key element in cell growth, is regulated by many cell cycle regulators. This regulation is exerted transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally, in conjunction with numerous intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Those signals eventually converge at the nucleolus, the cellular compartment that is not only responsible for executing the ribosome biogenesis program, but also serves as a regulatory hub, responsible for integrating and transmitting multiple stress signals to the omnipotent cell fate gatekeeper, p53. In this review we discuss when, how and why p53 is activated upon ribosomal biogenesis stress, and how perturbation of this critical regulatory interplay may impact human disease.
DISPLAY AND RENDERING TECHNOLOGIES FOR VIRTUAL AND MIXED REALITY DESIGN REVIEW (2007)

In this paper we introduce an innovative application designed to make collaborative design review in the architectural and automotive domain more effective. For this purpose we present a system architecture which combines a variety of visualization technologies such as high resolution multi-tile displays, TabletPCs and headmounted displays with innovative 2D and 3D Interaction Paradigms to better support collaborative mobile mixed reality design reviews. Our research and development is motivated by two user scenarios: architectural and automotive design review involving real users from Page\\Park architects and FIAT Elasis. Our activities are supported by the EU IST project IMPROVE aimed at developing advanced display techniques, fostering activities in the areas of: optical see-through HMD development using unique OLED technology, marker-less optical tracking, mixed reality rendering, image calibration for large tiled displays, collaborative tablet-based and projection wall oriented interaction and stereoscopic video streaming for mobile users. The paper gives an overview of the targeted scenarios and focuses in particular on the rendering aspects of the project. 1.
Changing scenario of obesity and underweight among women in India – Revisited (2017)

Introduction: Obesity and underweight are a concern at global level, and its public health impact can be observed both in developed and developing countries.
Objective: To evaluate percent change in prevalence of obesity and underweight and their associated factors.
Methods: The NFHS-2 (1998-99) and NFHS-3 (2005-06) were used as the data source for our study. A stratified cluster multistage sampling design was used by NFHS to collect data from the 24 states, The variables used for present analysis were prevalence of nutritional status indicators such as obesity/overweight or underweight prevalence among ever married women aged 15-49 years for different factors of age, Residence, Education, Religion, Caste/tribe, Standard of living index.
Results: The prevalence of obesity was 2.8% in NFHS 3 (2005-06) resulted from increase of 27.3% from NFHS 2 (1998-99). A south region of India was having highest magnitude of obesity (3.7-5.1%). Prevalence of Underweight was 35.2% in India and was declined by only 0.6% in NFHS 3 from NFHS 2. Maximum prevalence of underweight was found in East (34.1-44.0). Factors associated with obesity were age cut off of less than 20 years (10%) and wealth index.
Conclusion: Problem of underweight continue to exists at the same level while obesity is on rise and appropriate public health measures to check them is essential.

Keywords: Obesity, Overweight, Underweight, Women, Nutritional status
Edge detection methods applied to the analysis of spherical raindrop images (2007)

Optical imaging of raindrops provides important information on the statistical distribution of raindrop size and raindrop shape. These distributions are critical for extracting rainfall rates from both dual- and single-polarization radar signals. A large number of raindrop images are required to obtain these statistics, necessitating automatic processing of the imagery. The accuracy of the measured drop size depends critically on the characteristics of the digital image processing algorithm used to identify and size the drop. Additionally, the algorithm partially determines the effective depth of field of the camera/image processing system. Because a large number of drop images are required to obtain accurate statistics, a large depth of field is needed, which tends to increase errors in drop size measurement. This trade-off between accuracy and depth of field (dof) is also affected by the algorithm used to identify the drop outline. In this paper, eight edge detection algorithms are investigated and compared to determine which is best suited for accurately extracting the drop outline and measuring the diameter of an imaged raindrop while maintaining a relatively large depth of field. The algorithm which overall gave the largest dof along with the most accurate estimate of the size of the drop was the Hueckel algorithm [J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 20, 634 (1973)].
Segment-Based Proxy Caching of Multimedia Streams (2000)

As streaming video and audio over the Internet becomes popular, proper proxy caching of large multimedia objects has become increasingly important. For a large media object, such as a 2-hour video, treating the whole video as a single web object for caching is not appropriate. In this paper, we present and evaluate a segment-based buffer management approach to proxy caching of large media streams. Blocks of a media stream received by a proxy server are grouped into variable-sized segments. The cache admission and replacement policies then attach different caching values to different segments, taking into account the segment distance from the start of the media. These caching policies give preferential treatments to the beginning segments. As such, users can quickly play back the media objects without much delay. Event-driven simulations are conducted to evaluate this segment-based proxy caching approach. The results show that (1) segment-based caching is effective not only in increasing byte-hit ratio (or reducing total traffic) but also in lowering the number of requests that require delayed starts; (2) segment-based caching is especially advantageous when the cache size is limited, when the set of hot media objects changes over time, when the media file size is large, and when many users may stop playing the media after only a few initial blocks.
Study of integrated product development and management system based on concurrent engineering (2009)

Based on the analysis of the concept of concurrent engineering and operation mechanism,and the differences between the traditional product development process and the modern product development process,we point out that the characteristics of modern product development management,combined with project management,workflow management,and PDM technology.The system structure of integrated product developing management system and its implementation methods were studied.
The use of a monoclonal antibody for the rapid purification of kidney neutral endopeptidase ("enkephalinase") solubilized in octyl glucoside (1987)

The neutral endopeptidase ("enkephalinase") of the rabbit brush border membrane has been purified to homogeneity by a rapid immunoaffinity method using a monoclonal antibody. In contrast with other methods used so far, a complete extraction of enkephalinase from the brush border membrane can be achieved with octyl glucoside, without loss of activity. The solubilized enzyme can be selectively separated from the other proteins in a single step using an immunoaffinity column consisting of the monoclonal antibody covalently linked to Sepharose CL-4B. It is demonstrated that enkephalinase can then be recovered in an active form by elution at low pH. The purified enzyme obtained by this method is completely inhibited by thiorphan and appears as a single 94 000 dalton protein after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing and reducing conditions.