gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kissing Stents in the Common Femoral Artery Bifurcation for Critical Limb Ischemia: Technical Description and Report of Three Cases (2007)

The purpose of this article is to describe three cases of kissing stent placement in the common femoral artery bifurcation in patients unsuitable for open endarterectomy and patch plasty. In three patients with critical limb ischemia, caused by primary atherosclerotic disease or dissection-related injury when performing a lower extremity intervention, a technique of kissing stents was used to treat the flow-obstructing lesion in the common femoral artery bifurcation. Technical success was uniform, and during follow-up (4.5-8 months), all patients showed improved symptoms, wound healing, and duplex ultrasonography-verified patency of the stents. Kissing stents in the common femoral artery bifurcation are a feasible treatment option in patients with limited mobililty or contraindications to open repair. The short-term results seem promising, but longer follow-up and an increased number of patients will be needed to assess the durability of the reconstruction.
On sequential delay estimation in wideband digital communication systems (1994)

The problem of estimating the symbol timing in wideband data communication signals is considered. Conventional approaches to this problem suffer from several drawbacks, including possible lack of consistency due to multiple extrema in the error surface, and very slow convergence due to exceedingly sharp waveform correlation functions. In the paper sequential detection-estimation algorithms that alleviate these problems are constructed and analyzed. These algorithms are based on two techniques: the use of regularization (i.e., prefiltering) to produce a consistent initial estimate at the expense of higher mean-square error, and the coupling of recursive maximum-likelihood with this consistent estimator to produce the desired goal-a recursive consistent and efficient estimator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Viscoacoustic wave propagation simulation in the Earth (1988)

Abstract Anelasticity of earth materials produces significant changes in the amplitude and phase spectra of seismic waves. The anelastic properties of real materials, particularly of porous rocks, are described using the theory of linear viscoelasticity based on Boltzmann's superposition principle. Wave-propagation simulation with this model requires implementing the convolutional relation in the equation of motion. The choice of a viscoacoustic constitutive relation based on a spectrum of relaxation mechanisms allows a realistic description of the anelastic effects, and the introduction of memory variables obviates storing the entire strain history required by the time convolution. A pseudospectral time-integration technique is used to solve the equation of motion.Applications of viscoacoustic modeling suggest the need for considering the correct attenuation-dispersion effects for various fundamental seismic problems in anelastic earth models. Comparison of acoustic and viscoacoustic synthetic seismograms shows differences in the amplitudes and arrival times of the wave fields which are enhanced for particular combinations of anelastic and geometrical effects.
AGE-RAGE and AGE Cross-link Interaction: Important Players in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease (2005)

At present, diabetic kidney disease affects about 15 - 25% of all type 1 diabetic patients and 20 - 40% of all patients with type 2 diabetes. The mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic kidney disease are extremely complex and not yet fully understood. Among the many potential pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the progression in diabetic kidney disease, the involvement of metabolic factors beyond blood glucose (such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs)) has been suggested. This review will present the emerging evidence in support of a significant role of AGE formation in the development of diabetic kidney disease. AGEs mediate their effects through two main pathways - through a receptor-independent AGE cross-link formation pathway and through a receptor-dependent pathway where AGEs bind to specific cell surface associated receptors, the receptor for AGE (RAGE) being the most well-characterised so far. First, we will describe the AGE-RAGE system, including its localisation in the normal kidney, and then move on to discuss in vitro and in vivo studies (that is, experimental and clinical data) in support of a pathogenic role of AGE-RAGE and AGE cross-link interaction in the development of diabetic kidney disease. Finally, the effects of known and potential inhibitors of AGE-RAGE and AGE cross-link systems in diabetic kidney disease will be examined.
Reagentless hydrogen peroxide and glucose sensors based on peroxidase immobilized on graphite electrodes (1991)

Abstract The electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on graphite electrodes without the addition of an electron mediator was found to start at + 600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl and the highest current was obtained at about −100 mV. With an applied potential of −50 mV and in the absence of soluble mediator, linear calibration curves for H 2 O 2 were obtained between 0.5 μM and 250 μM and for β‐D‐glucose in air‐saturated solution between 2 μM and 0.5 μM (HRP co‐immobilized with glucose oxidase). Cross‐linking the enzymes with glutaraldehyde and bovine serum albumin was found to increase the stability of the sensors without causing mass transfer resistance within the enzyme layer. The response time was 5 seconds both for H 2 O 2 and for glucose and the sample through put was 150 samples h −1 . The glucose measurements were made in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 6, where no interfering from physiological levels of ascorbic acid, uric acid, or paracetamol (acetaminophen) could be detected.
High-performance surface-emitting lasers with dry-etched facets (1992)

The fabrication, performance characteristics, and applications of monolithic in-plane surface-emitting lasers (IPSELs) with dry-etched 45-degree micromirrors are reviewed. Several types of such laser diode structures in both junction-up and junction-down configurations are considered. The performance goals for IPSELs with 45-degree micromirrors are high power and efficiency, high duty cycle and CW operation, good reliability, and high fabrication yields. The proposed approach for achieving these goals includes uniform quantum well material growth and dry etching of the laser micromirrors with tight fabrication tolerances.
Adverse effects of sulfasalazine and treatment of ulcerative colitis with mesalazine. (1995)

We investigated the adverse effects of sulfasalazine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan. In our first survey, adverse effects were observed in 52 out of 751 patients with ulcerative colitis (6.9%) and in 8 out of 221 patients with Crohn's disease (3.6%); i.e., such effects were observed in 60 out of 972 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In our second survey, we examined 94 adverse reactions in 64 patients with ulcerative colitis. The main adverse reactions were exanthema, fever, nausea and vomiting, angioedema, and liver damage, in decreasing order of frequency; these reactions accounted for about 80% of the adverse reactions. Most of the reactions (62%) occurred within 1 month after the beginning of sulfasalazine intake. Mesalazine is thought to effectively release the 5-ASA molecule in the colon and has already proven of value in patients with mild active ulcerative colitis. We evaluated the effect of mesalazine in patients intolerant to sulfasalazine. Effectiveness was observed in 14 out of 18 patients with active ulcerative colitis (78%) and in 3 out of 3 patients in the quiescent state. These results suggest that mesalazine is effective for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis who are intolerant to sulfasalazine; this drug could be a gleam of hope to those patients.
Generation and behavior of pure-edge threading misfit dislocations in InxGa1−xN∕GaN multiple quantum wells (2004)

The relaxation of the misfit strain by the formation of misfit dislocations in InxGa1−xN∕GaN multiple quantum wells grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition was investigated by the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, double crystal x-ray diffraction, and temperature-dependent photoluminescence. It is found that the misfit dislocations generated from strain relaxation are all pure-edge threading dislocations with burgers vectors of b=1∕3⟨112¯0⟩. The misfit dislocations arise from the strain relaxation due to the thickness of strained layer greater than the critical thickness. The relaxation of strained layer was mainly achieved by the formation of dislocations and localization of In, while the dislocations changed their slip planes from {0001}to{101¯0}. With the increasing temperature, the efficiency of photoluminescence decrease sharply. It indicates that the relaxation of the misfit strain has a strong effect on optical efficiency of film.
Effect of Ethanol on the Micellization and Gelation of Pluronic P123 (2008)

In certain applications copolymer P123 (E21P67E21) is dissolved in water-ethanol mixtures, initially to form micellar solutions and eventually to gel. For P123 in 10, 20, and 30 wt % aqueous ethanol we used dynamic light scattering from dilute solutions to confirm micellization, oscillatory rheometry, and visual observation of mobility (tube inversion) to determine gel formation in concentrated solutions and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to determine gel structure. Except for solutions in 30 wt % aqueous ethanol, a clear-turbid transition was encountered on heating dilute and concentrated micellar solutions alike, and as for solutions in water alone (Chaibundit et al. Langmuir 2007, 23, 9229) this could be ascribed to formation of wormlike micelles. Dense clouding, typical of phase separation, was observed at higher temperatures. Regions of isotropic and birefringent gel were defined for concentrated solutions and shown (by SAXS) to have cubic (fcc and hcp) and hexagonal structures, consistent with packed spherical and elongated micelles, respectively. The cubic gels (0, 10, and 20 wt % ethanol) were clear, while the hex gels were either turbid (0 and 10 wt % ethanol), turbid enclosing a clear region (20 wt % ethanol), or entirely clear (30 wt % ethanol). The SAXS profile was unchanged between turbid and clear regions of the 20 wt % ethanol gel. Temperature scans of dynamic moduli showed (as expected) a clear distinction between high-modulus cubic gels (G'max approximately 20-30 kPa) and lower modulus hex gels (G'max<10 kPa).
Roseomonas lacus sp. nov., isolated from freshwater lake sediment (2006)

An aerobic, Gram-negative bacterial strain, TH-G33T, was isolated from freshwater sediment of Taihu Lake in China. The taxonomy of strain TH-G33T was studied by using phenotypic and phylogenetic methods. Cells of strain TH-G33T were coccoid rods or rods and formed colourless to pale-pink colonies on nutrient agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TH-G33T was related to Roseomonas mucosa (94.4 %), Roseomonas gilardii subsp. gilardii (94.1 %), Roseomonas gilardii subsp. rosea (94.8 %) and Roseomonas cervicalis (93.9 %). Cells contained ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) as the major quinone and the G+C content was 71.9 mol%. Thus, strain TH-G33T represents a novel species of the genus Roseomonas, for which the name Roseomonas lacus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TH-G33T (= CGMCC 1.3617T = JCM 13283T).
Ontogenetic Scaling Of Hydrostatic Skeletons: Geometric, Static Stress And Dynamic Stress Scaling Of The Earthworm <i>Lumbricus Terrestris</i> (1998)

Soft-bodied organisms with hydrostatic skeletons range enormously in body size, both during the growth of individuals and in the comparison of species. Therefore, body size is an important consideration in an examination of the mechanical function of hydrostatic skeletons. The scaling of hydrostatic skeletons cannot be inferred from existing studies of the lever-like skeletons of vertebrates and arthropods because the two skeleton types function by different mechanisms. Hydrostats are constructed of an extensible body wall in tension surrounding a fluid or deformable tissue under compression. It is the pressurized internal fluid (rather than the rigid levers of vertebrates and arthropods) that enables the maintenance of posture, antagonism of muscles and transfer of muscle forces to the environment. The objectives of the present study were (1) to define the geometric, static stress and dynamic stress similarity scaling hypotheses for hydrostatic skeletons on the basis of their generalized form and function, and (2) to apply these similarity hypotheses in a study of the ontogenetic scaling of earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris, to determine which parameters of skeletal function are conserved or changed as a function of body mass during growth (from 0.01 to 8 g). Morphometric measurements on anesthetized earthworms revealed that the earthworms grew isometrically; the external proportions and number of segments were constant as a function of body size. Calculations of static stresses (forces per cross-sectional area in the body wall) during rest and dynamic stresses during peristaltic crawling (calculated from measurements of internal pressure and body wall geometry) revealed that the earthworms also maintained static and dynamic stress similarity, despite a slight increase in body wall thickness in segment 50 (but not in segment 15). In summary, the hydrostatic skeletons of earthworms differ fundamentally from the rigid, lever-like skeletons of their terrestrial counterparts in their ability to grow isometrically while maintaining similarity in both static and dynamic stresses.
An Electronic-Film Combination Apparatus for Motion-Picture and Television Production (1956)

The system for recording of motion pictures in high quality on film combines the apparatus and techniques of television broadcasting studio practices with high-quality motion-picture film mechanisms for both 16mm and 35mm film in black-and-white and color. Details of the system and its methods of use are described. The particular apparatus for both the 16mm and 35mm versions is discussed. — Multiple-camera operation with simultaneous recording on the several films is monitored and controlled by television viewfinders so that the crew and program director may shoot continuously and rapidly in the manner of television broadcast control of multiple cameras, with a resultant direct high-quality film recording. — The assembly of the final master program is expedited by the director's constant planning and observation of the results of the several cameras as portrayed for him on television monitors, from which he calls for the desired “take” shots which are video switched to a final program monitor whose signals are simultaneously being recorded on a teletranscription cutting-guide film which serves as a cutting master for assembling the finished film product with a great saving of time.
African Naturalist: The Life and Times of Rodney Carrington Wood 1889-1962 (2011)

African Naturalist: the Life and Times of Rodney Carrington Wood 1889-1962, by David Happold. Brighton: Book Guild Publishing, 2011. xx + 290 pp. ISBN 9781846245558. £17.95. The British Empire offered extraordinary opportunities for individuals to follow an almost nomadic existence. Some, like Rodney Wood, flitted from job to job, never settling anywhere for long, while pursuing a succession of passions - hunting, collecting, recording, studying nature, supplying museums, yet all as an amateur, in the sense of never holding any professional position relating to these activities. Wood's life spanned the high point of the British Empire in Africa and ended just before the wave of decolonisations in the Central and Eastern areas of the continent. It seemed to have a fairly conventional start for a member of the London commercial elite: a prep school in Perthshire, Scotland, education at Harrow, training for entry into his father's business as a vintner. But Wood was one of those who broke loose. None of the rest of his life was in any way conventional. In 1909, barely twenty years old, Wood headed for Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) to work on a farm. Soon he was in Nyasaland (Malawi), where he was involved in cotton planting and then tea. He lived in places that were deeply embedded in the history of the country, like Chiromo and Cape Maclear, but his mind was always on other things than the economic necessities of planting. He was a hunter and made collections of trophies, some of which were recorded as of record dimensions, but he soon developed such a respect for nature that he became a reformed hunter and devoted himself to natural history collecting in a variety of different fields. He collected small mammals, bugs and butterflies, and also birds, sending many specimens to the Natural History Museum in London, where he soon had professional contacts. Although he was largely self-trained, he seems to have been meticulous in his taxidermy and in his recording and it is this which gives him such value for subsequent biologists. A number of his specimens were unknown to science and thus became 'types' while several had his name attached to them. But his life became more varied. He spent some time in Canada working as a senior scout in the scouting movement there. He discovered the joys of the Seychelles and bought land there. He became an adviser to other collectors and, in particular, travelled with the retired Admiral Lynes on his natural history collecting expeditions in East and Central Africa in the 1930s. He divided his time between Malawi and the Seychelles and, as the collecting nomad that he was, he moved on to conchology, coElecting certain specialist forms of shells. His collections became so considerable that some were sold and turn up in a number of different museums in the United States. …
DESIGNING AN OCTAVE-BANDWIDTH DOHERTY AMPLIFIER USING A NOVEL POWER COMBINATION METHOD (2013)

In this paper, an octave bandwidth Doherty power amplifier (DPA) using a novel combiner is presented. The fundamental bandwidth limitation of the load modulation concept of a conventional Doherty structure is solved based on the proposed combination method. For verification, an octave bandwidth asymmetric Doherty architecture is implemented by using gallium-nitride (GaN) HEMT Cree CGH40010 and CGH40025 devices in the carrier and peaking amplifiers, respectively. The carrier and peaking amplifiers are designed to achieve optimal operation with 25Ω load and source impedances. The reduced load and source impedances simplify the matching circuits for broadband operation. Key building blocks, including the proposed combiner, carrier and peaking amplifiers as well as the 50/25 Ω input power divider, are outlined. The measurement results represent higher than 37% and 52% drain efficiencies in 6 dB load modulation region across the frequency range from 0.85 to 1.85 GHz and 0.90 to 1.60 GHz, respectively. The implemented Doherty amplifier represents acceptable linearity across the whole operation frequency range. In two-tone signal characterization, the implemented DPA performs with a drain efficiency of 55% and an inter-modulation distortion (IMD) of -30 dBc at an average output power of 41.2dBm at the center operation frequency of 1.35 GHz. In order to observe wideband signal characterization, a single carrier wideband code-division multiple access (W-CDMA) signal with a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of 6.5 dB is applied and a drain efficiency of 51% with an adjacent-channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of -31 dBc is achieved at an average output power of 38.4 dBm.
End invasion of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) with mixed-base composition into linear DNA duplexes (2005)

Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a synthetic DNA mimic with valuable properties and a rapidly growing scope of applications. With the exception of recently introduced pseudocomplementary PNAs, binding of common PNA oligomers to target sites located inside linear double-stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) is essentially restricted to homopurine-homopyrimidine sequence motifs, which significantly hampers some of the PNA applications. Here, we suggest an approach to bypass this limitation of common PNAs. We demonstrate that PNA with mixed composition of ordinary nucleobases is capable of sequence-specific targeting of complementary dsDNA sites if they are located at the very termini of DNA duplex. We then show that such targeting makes it possible to perform capturing of designated dsDNA fragments via the DNA-bound biotinylated PNA as well as to signal the presence of a specific dsDNA sequence, in the case a PNA beacon is employed. We also examine the PNA-DNA conjugate and prove that it can initiate the primer-extension reaction starting from the duplex DNA termini when a DNA polymerase with the strand-displacement ability is used. We thus conclude that recognition of duplex DNA by mixed-base PNAs via the end invasion has a promising potential for site-specific and sequence-unrestricted DNA manipulation and detection.
Epstein-Barr virus recombinants with specifically mutated BCRF1 genes (1993)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants with specifically mutated BCRF1 genes were constructed and compared with wild-type BCRF1 recombinants derived in parallel for the ability to initiate and maintain latent infection and growth transformation in primary human B lymphocytes. A stop codon insertion after codon 116 of the 170-codon BCRF1 open reading frame or deletion of the entire gene had no effect on latent infection, B-lymphocyte proliferation into long-term lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), or virus replication. LCLs infected with the stop codon recombinant were indistinguishable from wild-type recombinant-infected LCLs in tumorigenicity in SCID mice. However, mutant BCRF1 recombinant-infected cells differed from wild-type recombinant-infected cells in their inability to block gamma interferon release in cultures of permissively infected LCLs incubated with autologous human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This is the first functional assay for BCRF1 expression from the EBV genome. BCRF1 probably plays a key role in modulating the specific and nonspecific host responses to EBV infection.
<i>Arabidopsis</i> ABA Response Gene <i>ABI1</i> : Features of a Calcium-Modulated Protein Phosphatase (1994)

The Arabidopsis ABI1 locus is essential for a wide spectrum of abscisic acid (ABA) responses throughout plant development. Here, ABI1 was shown to regulate stomatal aperture in leaves and mitotic activity in root meristems. The ABI1 gene was cloned and predicted to encode a signaling protein. Although its carboxyl-terminal domain is related to serine-threonine phosphatase 2C, the ABI1 protein has a unique amino-terminal extension containing an EF hand calcium-binding site. These results suggest that the ABI1 protein is a Ca(2+)-modulated phosphatase and functions to integrate ABA and Ca2+ signals with phosphorylation-dependent response pathways.
Matrix Methods for Microstrip Three-Dimensional Problems (1972)

The matrix methods are applied to three-dimensional microstrip problems with emphasis upon the general problem of discontinuities in microstrip. Discontinuities considered are 1) open circuits, 2) change of width, and 3) gap in microstrip. Also, the capacitance of rectangular sections of microstrip is computed. Computed data agree well with experiment and data in the literature.