gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal inactivation of rabies and other rhabdoviruses: stabilization by the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at physiological temperatures (1976)

Thermal inactivation of rabies and several other rhabdoviruses was studied using virus suspended in several different diluents. Rabies serogroup viruses were more stable than Kern Canyon or vesicular stomatitis viruses. Limited studies of two fish rhabdoviruses requiring low temperatures (less than 33 C) for replication indicated that they were not markedly more thermolabile than rabies virus. Bovine serum protein components in complex cell culture media stabilized virus at 56 C, but at temperatures of less than or equal to 37 C, sodium tris (hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (NT) buffer containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (NTE) was a much more efficient stabilizer of virus infectivity. Chelating agents EDTA and ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)tetraacetic acid were equally efficient in protection of rabies virus infectivity; the effect of each was lost when excess Ca2+ was added. Bovine serum in NT or NTE buffers produced a thermostabilizing effect at 37 C not provided by the same serum concentration in complex cell culture media. Bovine serum was more efficient than EDTA in stabilizing virus infectivity during repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.
The definition and validation of the radix sorting technique (1972)

Based on the formal definition techniques of Lucas et al [1] which have been applied to the description of programming languages, this paper defines the algorithm of radix sorting and develops a proof of its validity.
Intraarticular injection of fibronectin fragments causes severe depletion of cartilage proteoglycans in vivo. (1993)

We have reported that fibronectin fragments (Fn-f) cause cartilage damage in vitro by causing enhanced release of proteases. In order to determine whether the Fn-f can damage cartilage in vivo, we have injected native fibronectin (Fn) and Fn-f into adolescent rabbit knee joints. After 7 days, tissue was analyzed by histochemical and biochemical techniques and remaining proteoglycans quantified. Injection of 0.6 or 3 microM Fn-f caused up to a 70% loss in total cartilage proteoglycan while native Fn, rabbit serum albumin or an Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser synthetic peptide, derived from the cell-binding domain of Fn, did not cause damage. Our results suggest that this Fn-f/damage model may be useful for generating cartilage damage in vivo for other studies. Since Fn-f have been detected in synovial fluids from joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, our results are consistent with the notion that Fn-F mediated damage may occur in vivo.
High-Speed Low Power Radial Turbocompressor For Oil-Free Heatpumps (2006)

The presence of oil in domestic heat pumps is a hindrance, particularly for enhanced surface evaporators and for advanced concepts based on two-stage cycles. Very compact oil-free dynamic compressor directly driven by high speed electric motors and supported on refrigerant vapor bearings represent a promising alternative. This paper presents a design analysis of the first stage prototype with the various tradeoffs between the impeller characteristics to follow the seasonable heat demand, the bearing and rotor stability and the constraints linked with the high speed electric motor. Refrigerant chosen for the first experimental approach is HFC 134a with a 20 mm diameter impeller, a 6 kW motor and self-acting bearings. The impeller design and predicted performance as well as the experimental facility for the initial tests are presented.
Accuracy of nanoscale pitch standards fabricated by laser-focused atomic deposition (2003)

The pitch accuracy of a grating formed by laser-focused atomic deposition is evaluated from the point of view of fabricating nanoscale pitch standard artifacts. The average pitch obtained by the process, nominally half the laser wavelength, is simply traceable with small uncertainty to an atomic frequency and hence can be known with very high accuracy. An error budget is presented for a Cr on sapphire sample, showing that a combined standard uncertainty of 0.0049 nm, or a relative uncertainty of 2.3 × 10(-5), is readily obtained, provided the substrate temperature does not change. Precision measurements of the diffraction of the 351.1 nm argon ion laser line from such an artifact are also presented. These yield an average pitch of (212.7777 ± 0.0069) nm, which agrees well with the expected value, as corrected for thermal contraction, of (212.7705 ± 0.0049) nm.
Quantum-enhanced two-way time transfer (2017)

We propose a quantum-enhanced two-way time transfer protocol by using frequency entangled pulses to enhance accuracy compared with their classical analogues. It can be shown that the measurement accuracy of the time offset can achieve the order of femtosecond which is determined by the width of the fourth-order correlated function and is immune from the effect of the path length change.
Antennas for a battery‐assisted RFID tag with thin and flexible film batteries (2007)

Abstract A design concept and some examples of antennas suitable for battery‐assisted radio frequency identification (RFID) tag with a thin and flexible film battery are presented. For the antenna design of this kind of a battery‐assisted RFID tag, a special caution is necessary considering the presence of a thin and flexible film battery. A very simple and easy way to design an antenna for such a tag is to place the film battery on some part of the antenna to avoid the influence or interference of it on the antenna performance. One reference antenna and two types of reduced‐size antennas are designed based on this concept, and their performance on communication distance with a reader is compared experimentally. It is demonstrated by measurement that the normal read range with continuous reading is around 4.5–4.9 m and the maximum read range is 6–6.2 m between the reader and the battery‐assisted RFID tags with three different antenna types. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 494–498, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23127
Comparison of Alternative Hydrogen Donors for Anaerobic Reductive Dechlorination of Tetrachloroethene (1998)

Abstract : Selective delivery of H2 to a tetrachloroethene (PCE) dechlorinator was investigated and modeled. H2 was delivered using donors lactate, ethanol (EtOH), butyrate, or propionate SUBSTRATES WHOSE FERMENTATION TO H2 is exergonic under H2 partial pressures (ceilings) of less than 1, 0.1, l0 (exp -3.5), and 10 (exp -4.4) atm, respectively. Recent studies of H2 use in reductive dechlorination show that dechlorinators have an affinity for H2 at least an order of magnitude greater than that of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Slowly fermented substrates producing lower H2 levels may be more effective and persistent selective stimulators of dechlorination than rapidly fermented substrates producing higher H2 levels. Separate, semicontinously operated cultures were enriched with each of the donors. Long-term, all donors equally stimulated the dechlorination of PCE to vinyl chloride and ethene; however, stimulation of methanogenesis differed (EtOH > lactate > butyrate > propionate). During short-term tests, patterns of donor fermentation and H2 production and consumption were significantly different for different donors. When fed amounts stoichiometrically sufficient to completely dechlorinate PCE, half the H2 released during EtOH fermentation was used methanogenically with the remainder channeled to incomplete dechlorination; however, only 1% of the H2 released during propionate fermentation was used methanogenically and the remainder was used for complete dechlorination. A comprehensive model using Michaelis-Menten-type kinetics incorporating H2 thresholds and thermodynamic limitations on donor fermentations was formulated. Mixed-culture behavior under a variety of conditions was fit well by the model.
Preliminary study on in vitro induced differentiation of embryonic stem cells into neurons. (2000)

Combined use of RA and Ara-C can induce ES cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Our present preliminary study might provide insights into an alternative for the treatment of glaucomatous neuropathy by the transplantation of embryonic stem cells.
New POU dimer configuration mediates antagonistic control of an osteopontin preimplantation enhancer by Oct-4 and Sox-2 (1998)

The POU transcription factor Oct-4 is expressed specifically in the germ line, pluripotent cells of the pregastrulation embryo and stem cell lines derived from the early embryo. Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein secreted by cells of the preimplantation embryo and contains a GRGDS motif that can bind to specific integrin subtypes and modulate cell adhesion/migration. We show that Oct-4 and OPN are coexpressed in the preimplantation mouse embryo and during differentiation of embryonal cell lines. Immunoprecipitation of the first intron of OPN (i-opn) from covalently fixed chromatin of embryonal stem cells by Oct-4-specific antibodies indicates that Oct-4 binds to this fragment in vivo. The i-opn fragment functions as an enhancer in cell lines that resemble cells of the preimplantation embryo. Furthermore, it contains a novel palindromic Oct factor recognition element (PORE) that is composed of an inverted pair of homeodomain-binding sites separated by exactly 5 bp (ATTTG +5 CAAAT). POU proteins can homo- and heterodimerize on the PORE in a configuration that has not been described previously. Strong transcriptional activation of the OPN element requires an intact PORE. In contrast, the canonical octamer overlapping with the downstream half of the PORE is not essential. Sox-2 is a transcription factor that contains an HMG box and is coexpressed with Oct-4 in the early mouse embryo. Sox-2 represses Oct-4 mediated activation of i-opn by way of a canonical Sox element that is located close to the PORE. Repression depends on a carboxy-terminal region of Sox-2 that is outside of the HMG box. Expression, DNA binding, and transactivation data are consistent with the hypothesis that OPN expression is regulated by Oct-4 and Sox-2 in preimplantation development.
The Ring: A Leitmotif in Plasmonics (2009)

An interesting paper in this issue describes an experiment that is an optical analogue of the "quantum corral" on metal surfaces constructed and observed using scanning tunneling microscopy more than a decade ago. In this Perspective, the mechanism underlying the confinement and manipulation of light in metallic nanorings and related structures are discussed, with an emphasis on recent results.
Design and Analysis of Simulated Consumer Choice or Allocation Experiments: An Approach Based on Aggregate Data (1983)

The authors integrate concepts in conjoint analysis and discrete choice theory in econometrics to develop a new approach to the design and analysis of controlled consumer choice or resource allocation experiments. The article is concerned with estimating the parameters of conjoint-type functions from discrete choice or allocation data. Emphasis is placed on the multinomial logit model and aggregate choice or allocation data to illustrate the concepts in a series of empirical examples ranging from simple to complex. The authors present limited external validity evidence to support the approach and make comparisons with traditional conjoint approaches.
Whole genome analysis of the action of interferon-beta (2009)

Since many of them were previously recognized as involved in MS pathogenesis, the IFNbeta1a mechanism of action could imply a compensatory regulation of systems deregulated in MS.
Extracellular ATP Activates Calcium Signaling, Ion, and Fluid Transport in Retinal Pigment Epithelium (1997)

The presence of receptors for ATP has not been established in any native preparation of retinal neurons or glia. In the present study, we used conventional electrophysiological and [Ca2+]in fluorescence imaging techniques to investigate the effects of ATP added to Ringer's solution perfusing the retinal-facing (apical) membrane of freshly isolated monolayers of bovine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). ATP (or UTP) produced large, biphasic voltage and resistance changes with a Kd of approximately 5 microM for ATP and approximately 1 microM for UTP. Electrical and pharmacological evidence indicates that the first and second phases of the response are attributable to an increase in basolateral membrane Cl conductance and a decrease in apical membrane K conductance, respectively. The ATP-induced responses were not affected by adenosine, but were reduced by the P2-purinoceptor blocker suramin. ATP also produced a large, transient increase in [Ca2+]in that was blocked by cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases. The calcium buffer BAPTA attenuated the voltage effects of ATP. We also found that apical DIDS significantly inhibited the ATP-evoked [Ca2+]in and electrical responses, suggesting that DIDS blocked the purinoceptor. Measurements of fluid movement across the RPE using the capacitance probe technique demonstrated a significant increase in fluid absorption by apical UTP. These data indicate the presence of metabotropic P2Y/P2U-purinoceptors at the RPE apical membrane and implicate extracellular ATP in vivo as a retinal signaling molecule that could help regulate the hydration and chemical composition of the subretinal space.
Ethyl glucuronide—the direct ethanol metabolite on the threshold from science to routine use (2003)

The data suggest that EtG is a useful tool in numerous settings, including alcohol and drug treatment (to detect lapse/relapse and for motivational feedback), in safety sensitive work settings where use is dangerous or in other settings where alcohol use may be risky (e.g. such as driving, work-place, pregnancy or monitoring physicians or other professionals who are in recovery and working) or for resolving forensic questions. If the question of recent alcohol consumption has to be answered in a binary way (yes/no), such as for determining lapses. the use of EtG in urine is among the preferred tests. The use of this marker alone and complementary with other biological state markers and self-reports is expected to lead to significant improvement in treatment outcome, therapy efficacy and cost reduction.
Towards a Generic Framework for the Development of Unicode Based Digital\n Sindhi Dictionaries (2014)

Dictionaries are essence of any language providing vital linguistic recourse\nfor the language learners, researchers and scholars. This paper focuses on the\nmethodology and techniques used in developing software architecture for a\nUBSESD (Unicode Based Sindhi to English and English to Sindhi Dictionary). The\nproposed system provides an accurate solution for construction and\nrepresentation of Unicode based Sindhi characters in a dictionary implementing\nHash Structure algorithm and a custom java Object as its internal data\nstructure saved in a file. The System provides facilities for Insertion,\nDeletion and Editing of new records of Sindhi. Through this framework any type\nof Sindhi to English and English to Sindhi Dictionary (belonging to different\ndomains of knowledge, e.g. engineering, medicine, computer, biology etc.) could\nbe developed easily with accurate representation of Unicode Characters in font\nindependent manner.\n
Hospital Preparation: The Children's Story (1990)

This paper reports on the self-identification of hospital preparation learning needs of rural children, both before and after their hospital experience. Children who were scheduled for a hospital admission were interviewed in their home settings 1 to 2 weeks before their hospital admissions. The interviews were replicated 1 week after discharge from the hospital. Changes in knowledge acquisition and learning needs from the pre-hospital to the post-hospital state were examined. The study identifies from the child's perspective the type of information and program delivery method most appropriate to meeting the psychosocial needs of children related to a planned hospital stay.
Some Biochemical Effects of Glyphosate on Plant Meristems (1980)

Glyphosate promoted the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in both single node rhizome buds of Agropyron repens and root tips of wheat seedlings, in the latter case correlating inversely with decline in respiratory activity. Differential rates of 14C-amino acid incorporation suggest that glyphosate depleted the phenylalanine protein precursor pool with resultant inhibition of protein synthesis, as evidenced by a rapid decline in the level of ‘soluble’ protein. Promotion of PAL is assumed to occur by derepression through decline in end-product levels. Activities of shikimate: NADP oxidoreductase (SORase), chorismate mutase, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were also elevated, but to lesser extents than for PAL.
Review of Anchorage Systems for Externally Bonded FRP Laminates (2013)

The most recent report by ACI Committee 440 on externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening systems states that systems designed to mechanically anchor FRP should be studied in detail and substantiated by physical testing. To select and design an appropriate anchorage system for use in an FRP strengthening system, it is important that findings from previous research studies be known. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the performance of different mechanical anchorage systems used in FRP strengthening applications. Each anchorage system is discussed in terms of its purpose and performance. Advantages and disadvantages of each system are discussed, and areas in need of future research are explored.
Surface photografting of polymerizable 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazoles as ultra-violet stabilizers (1990)

Films of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) have been surface photografted with different polymerizable 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole monomers [2-(2-hydroxy-4-acryloxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole (BDHA), 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methacryloxyphenyl)2H-benzotriazole (BDHM), 2-(2-hydroxy-5-vinylphenyl)2H-benzotriazole (2H5V) and 2-(2-hydroxy-5-isopropenylphenyl)2H-benzotriazole (2H5P)] in the presence of benzophenone as the photo-initiator using 254 nm ultra-violet irradiation. Photografted films of polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE) have much higher resistance towards photoageing (tested in a Weather-O-meter) than non-stabilized samples. Photografted films of polypropylene (PP) have a tendency to be photodegraded faster than non-grafted samples. This is interpreted as a result of destructive photo-oxidative degradation caused by traces of benzophenone that have not been completely removed from the grafted films by extraction.
Failed self-tolerance and autoimmunity in IgG anti-DNA transgenic mice (1992)

Transgenic mice were generated that express both the H and L chain genes derived from a hybridoma secreting an IgG2a mAb specific for ds- and ssDNA. This hybridoma is derived from a lupus mouse and can accelerate nephritis in young NZB x NZW F1 female mice and induce clinical nephritis in BALB/c mice. Some transgenic B cells did not exhibit allelic exclusion; they expressed both transgene-derived IgG and endogenous IgM intracellularly. Most of the B cells in transgenic mice expressed endogenous IgM, some of them expressed low levels of IgG on cell membranes. The transgenic mice, created in a strain not prone to SLE, expressed elevated serum IgG anti-DNA, and some developed clinical nephritis. The affinity of the spontaneously secreted IgG antibodies for dsDNA were similar in nephritic NZB x NZW F1 and transgenic mice. In contrast to the nontransgenic littermates, immunization of transgenic mice with murine DNA further enhanced serum levels of IgG anti-DNA in transgenic mice. Therefore, expression of transgene-encoded IgG anti-DNA mainly in the secreted form does not provide the signals necessary for allelic exclusion or self-tolerance. Expression of this Ig is sufficient to induce a mild form of autoimmune disease.
Statistical estimators for aggregate relational algebra queries (1991)

This paper discusses the estimation of COUNT(E) queries by sampling, where E is an arbitrary relational algebra expression.
Crystal Structure of a Bis[1-(benzothiazole-2yl-2&lt;i&gt;κN&lt;/i&gt;)(2-Pyridylmethyliden-1&lt;i&gt;κN&lt;/i&gt;)(hydrazino-2&lt;i&gt;κN)&lt;/i&gt;] Cobalt(II) Complex (2021)

The Schiff base 1-(benzothiazol-2-yl)(2-pyridylmethylidene)hydrazine (HL) was synthesis via a condensation of 1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazine and 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde in methanol in 1:1 molar ratio reaction. The crystal structure of a mononuclear complex Bis[1-(benzothiazole-2yl-2κN)(2-pyridylmethyliden-1κ<I>N</I>)(hydrazino-2κ<I>N</I>)] cobalt(II) complex (1) (CoC<sub>26</sub>H<sub>20</sub>N<sub>8</sub>S<sub>2</sub>) was obtained by the reaction of HL with Co(CH<sub>3</sub>COO)<sub>2</sub>.4H<sub>2</sub>O, in 2:1 ratio, in methanol at room temperature. The ligand and the complex are characterized by IR, and physical measurement. The spectroscopic study shows that the Schiff base possesses five potential donor sites. Upon coordination the results show that the ligand acts in tridentate mode. Suitable crystals of the compound 1 were grown by slow evaporation of methanol solution for one week. The structure of 1 was elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with a space group of <I>P</I>2<sub>1</sub>/c. The asymmetric unit of compound 1 contains a mononuclear complex in which the cobalt ion is coordinated to two monodeprotonated molecules of the Schiff base. Each of the ligand molecule acts through three nitrogen atoms. The Co(II) center is hexacoordinated and the environment is best described as a distorted octahedral geometry. The two ligand molecules occupy mean planes which are quasi-perpendicular with a dihedral angle of 89.77(2)°. Each molecule of complex is connected to its neighbor via hydrogen bond of type C–H•••S resulting in chains along <i>b</i> axis.
[Use of lithium oxybutyrate for improving results in the early post-operative period in lung cancer patients]. (1993)

Application of antihypoxant drugs in postoperative period has been investigated. Lithium oxybutyrate was administered to 30 lung cancer patients before and shortly after operation. The results were compared with the data on 26 patients in control. Major characteristics, and, primarily, its antihypoxic protective effect have been evaluated. Lithium oxybutyrate administration is recommended in lung cancer patients during and shortly after surgery.
Ablations of Ghrelin and Ghrelin Receptor Exhibit Differential Metabolic Phenotypes and Thermogenic Capacity during Aging (2011)

Our data therefore suggest that GHS-R ablation activates adaptive thermogenic function(s) in BAT and increases EE, thereby enabling the retention of a lean phenotype. This is the first direct evidence that the ghrelin signaling pathway regulates fat-burning BAT to affect energy balance during aging. This regulation is likely mediated through an as-yet-unidentified new ligand of GHS-R.
Remarques sur Eunape (Vies des Sophistes) (1921)

Séance du 7 novembre 1921