gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High performance dual-output second and third generation current conveyors and current-mode multifunction filter application (2009)

A wide bandwidth CMOS realization of high performance dual output second generation (CCIIplusmn) and third generation (CCIIIplusmn) current conveyors are presented. Both second and third generation current conveyors have the advantages of a wide current and voltage bandwidths, controlled intrinsic resistances at port X, Y and Z. We have developed an optimization program, thanks to Heuristic methodology that is used for optimal sizing regarding static and dynamic performance. PSPICE simulation show that the current and voltage bandwidths are respectively 1.5806 GHz and 6.506 GHz, and 454.11 Omega as R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> input port resistance for a control current of 100 muA. CCIIplusmn is a useful building block for analog circuits, especially for application requiring dual outputs. The proposed circuit is able of operating at voltage supply (plusmn2.5V), with reduced power consumption. A frequency characterization of the proposed CCIIplusmn is given, this CCIIplusmn is characterized by low values for its parasitic input resistance (454.11 Omega). In this paper, we present a versatile multi-input multi-output controlled filter configuration. Either a three-input single output or single-input double-output universal filter can be realized. The proposed circuits offer the following advantageous features: realization of current-mode low-pass and band-pass filter responses from the same configuration, employing only three current conveyors and four grounded passive elements. In order to implement a current controlled Radiofrequency active filter, we use a translinear configuration for both second and third generation current conveyors. The proposed implementation exhibiting a current controlled intrinsic resistances at port X, Y and Z allow a control of the cut-off frequency. The cut-off frequency of the low pass filter can be attend 1.64 GHz and the central frequency of the band pass filter can be attend 1.13 GHz. Simulation results are in good accordance with theoretical ones. PSPICE simulations using CMOS 0.35 mum technology parameters are performed to demonstrate the results.
Tumor-localizing properties of porphyrins. In vitro studies using the porphyrin precursor, aminolevulinic acid, in free and liposome encapsulated forms. (1989)

Tumor, liver, skin and brain explants from tumor-bearing mice were cultured for 6, 12 and 22 hours in the presence of 0.06, 0.1 and 0.2 mM aminolevulinic acid (ALA). It was found that in all organs, synthesis of porphyrins increased with time and ALA concentration. The synthesising activity of tumor was high, of the same order as that of liver, and nearly twice that of skin and brain. The tissue/tumor porphyrin concentration ratios were lower than 0.5 at longer times and higher ALA concentration. In the case of skin/tumor the lowest ratio was about 0.2 and was obtained with 0.2 mM ALA. Chromatographic analysis of individual porphyrins showed that the whole heme pathway was functional in all organs studied, including tumor. Porphyrin synthesis by different organs from tumor bearing and normal mice was comparatively investigated using free and liposome encapsulated ALA. After 22 hours of incubation with 0.4 mM ALA, porphyrin formation was greater when encapsulated ALA was used. Accumulation of porphyrins in tumor was very high. The levels of activity were the same in each pair of organs in either the tumor-bearing mice or the control. These results indicate that free or encapsulated ALA may be used for the detection of tumors and in photodynamic therapy.
Insect Pests of Pigeonpea and Chickpea and their Management (1987)

Pigeonpea (Cajmrrs cajan (L.) Millsp.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) are\nthe two major pusle crops in India, accounting for about 90 and 80 percent respectively\nof the world production. During 1983-84, the area grown to these two crops wap about\n3 and 7 million hectares, resulting in grain production of about 2 and 5 million tonnes.
Toward an “Off-the-Shelf” Fenestrated Endograft for Management of Short-Necked Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: An Analysis of Current Graft Morphological Diversity (2010)

The current design of fenestrated stent-grafts means that an "off-the-shelf" option is not practicable. However, there is evidence of recurrent patterns of morphology. Statistical modeling is capable of predicting demand for graft configurations. Innovations in f-EVAR endograft technology may decrease the required variability in graft morphology, paving the way for ready-to-deploy fenestrated stent-grafts.
Perioperative complications and risk factors in the surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (1989)

A retrospective review of 135 patients surgically treated for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) from 1982 to 1987 was performed to identify perioperative complications and potential risk factors. The incidence of complications was 13% (18/135). Airway problems comprised 77% (14/18) of these complications, resulting in one death. There were three postoperative hemorrhages and one postoperative arrhythmia. Comparison of the complication group versus the noncomplication group showed a statistically significant difference in the minimum oxygen saturation (66% vs. 79%) and apnea index (75 vs. 57) on the pre-operative sleep study and in the amount of narcotic administered intraoperatively. Patients with intubation complications tended to be heavier, whereas patients with extubation complications received significantly more narcotic analgesia intraoperatively. Risk for a perioperative complication was not related to age, type of obstructive symptoms, medical problems, or concurrent septoplasty/tonsillectomy. A protocol for perioperative airway management is presented.
The Incidence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery (2004)

Cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred in 10.6% of 2,273 retrosigmoid surgeries, 9.5% of 3,118 translabyrinthine surgeries, and 10.6% of 573 middle fossa surgeries. The type of cerebrospinal fluid leak was not associated with surgical approach. Meningitis was significantly associated with cerebrospinal fluid leak (p < 0.05). Age and tumor size were not associated with cerebrospinal fluid leak.
Body surface mapping during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. QRS changes indicating regional myocardial conduction delay. (1990)

Using a radiotransparent electrode array, body surface maps (BSMs) were constructed based on simultaneous recordings from 62 leads on the entire thorax before, during, and after balloon inflation during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Twenty-five patients were studied, and 30 angioplasties were performed; 20 patients had one-vessel disease, and five patients had two-vessel disease. In total, 15 dilations in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), seven in the right coronary artery (RCA), and eight in the left circumflex artery (LCx) were studied. For each patient, the BSM and the QRS integral map before, during, and after the inflation was compared by subtraction of recordings "during-minus-before" inflation and "before-minus-after" inflation. The subtraction was performed on the results of the QRS integral maps. The conclusions derived from the inspection of the BSMs and the difference maps show specific changes in the QRS complex during ischemia related to the corresponding ischemic segment in 21 of 25 patients in the three groups. An area of positive potentials remained present on the BSM during dilation, indicating a depolarization wave front. For the LAD group, positive potentials were seen on the anterior thorax and, for the RCA group, on the lower part of the thorax. By subtraction analysis, these changes were extracted and presented as difference maps. For the LCx group, the BSM revealed no changes in pattern but the difference map showed a difference vector pointing in a anteroposterior direction. A regional myocardial conduction delay was hypothesized as the most likely cause for the results.
Strain specificity of opsonins for group B streptococci types II and III (1979)

Strains of types II and III group B streptococci do not appear to be uniformly susceptible to opsonization by antibody-containing human sera, as studied using both a chemiluminescence and a radiolabeled bacterial uptake technique. We could not demonstrate a correlation of serum-sensitive or resistant strains with capsular antigen quantities, although serum absorption studies with whole organisms and HCl, trichloroacetic acid, and saline extracts indicated that the antibody to type-specific capsular polysaccharide is important in opsonizing both serum-resistant and serum-sensitive strains. Since trypsin treatment produced significantly enhanced opsonization of serum-resistant and serum-sensitive strains, proteins present on some group B streptococci may be important antiphagocytic factors.
Time series models for Internet data traffic (2003)

A statistical analysis of Internet traffic measurements from a campus site is carried out to examine the influence of the constituent protocols and applications on the characteristics of the aggregate stream and on packet loss statistics. While TCP remains the dominant traffic protocol through all hours of the day, a mixture of both well-known (HTTP, FTP, NNTP and SMTP) and less known applications contribute significant portions to the TCP traffic mix. Statistical tests show that the aggregate TCP packet arrival process exhibits both nonstationary and nonlinear features. By filtering a subset of the applications found to exhibit nonstationary features from the aggregate process, a stationary traffic stream is derived. This filtered traffic process is modeled using nonlinear threshold autoregressive processes. The traffic model is shown to provide good agreement with the measurement trace in the packet loss statistics. The proposed parametric model allows the design of traffic shapers and provides a simple and accurate approach for simulating Internet data traffic patterns.
Deprivation, Disaffection, and Desertion in Confederate Florida (1969)

The federal blockade, departure of most breadwinners for the military, removal of large quantities of food, clothing, and supplies for troops on every southern battlefront, disregard of desperate appeals of Confederate and state officials urging the planting of food rather than money crops, and great speculation, caused widespread suffering for most Florida families during the Civil War.
Effects of heat shock proteins (Mr 70,000) on protein and DNA synthesis at elevated temperatures in vitro. (1989)

The protective effect of Mr 70,000 heat shock protein (HSP-70) during thermotolerance has been previously observed. However, it is not known what cellular processes or components may be protected by this protein during the tolerance state. In the studies reported here, the protective effects of purified HSP-70, the nonspecific heat-stable proteins fetuin and trypsin inhibitor (ovomucoid), and other proteins and agents such as bovine serum albumin, D2O, or glycerol on protein and DNA synthesis during heating were investigated in vitro. In vitro protein synthesis at 30, 40, and 42 degrees C was measured by globin mRNA translation. Protein synthesis was inhibited 40 to 70% when incubated for 60 min at 40 and 42 degrees C. However, protein synthesis was protected when either fetuin or ovomucoid was present during protein synthesis at elevated temperatures. The protection was concentration dependent. The HSP-70 purified from Chinese hamster (HA-1) cells was also able to confer protection to the translation system, but at much lower concentrations than either fetuin or ovomucoid. Other proteins, such as bovine serum albumin, or other agents, such as D2O or glycerol which are known protectors of cellular survival during heating, did not protect the translation system. Similar experiments were performed with DNA synthesis in vitro. Purified DNA polymerase alpha was added to the activated calf thymus DNA in an in vitro replication system. A temperature of 46 degrees C for 60 min inhibited replication by 40%. Addition of heat-stable proteins, purified HSP-70, bovine serum albumin, D2O, or glycerol did not confer protection to the replication system. These studies provide new evidence that HSP-70 may confer protection to a component of the protein synthesis machinery during thermotolerance.
Synthesis and memory properties of a conjugated copolymer of fluorene and benzoate with chelated europium complex (2006)

A conjugated copolymer of diethylhexylfluorene and europium complex-chelated benzoate (PF8Eu) was synthesized. The device based on an Al/PF8Eu/indium-tin-oxide sandwich structure exhibited nonvolatile, write-once read-many-times (WORM) memory behavior. The fluorene moiety served as the backbone and electron donor, while the europium complex served as the electron acceptor. The as-fabricated device was in its low conductivity state. After applying a voltage of ∼3V, the device underwent a transition to the high conductivity state, which could not be erased by a reverse bias. In the initial low conductivity state, the device showed a charge injection controlled current. At the high conductivity state, the current-voltage characteristics were dominated by a space-charge-limited current. The device had a switching time of ∼1μs and an on/off current ratio as high as 106. No degradation in device performance was observed after 107 read cycles at a read voltage of 1V under ambient conditions. The device also exhibited good stability under a constant 1V stress. Thus, the device based on PF8Eu is potentially useful as a WORM memory.
High-Throughput Multimodal Strong Anion Exchange Purification and N-Glycan Characterization of Endogenous Glycoprotein Expressed in Glycoengineered Pichia pastoris (2012)

The secretory pathway of the yeast Pichia pastoris has been engineered to produce complex human-type N-glycans (Choi et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:5022-5027, 2003; Hamilton et al., Science 301:1244-1246, 2003; Hamilton et al., Science 313:1441-1443, 2006). In contrast to the heterogeneous glycans produced on the therapeutic glycoproteins expressed in mammalian cell lines, glycoengineered P. pastoris can be designed to produce a specific, preselected glycoform. In order to achieve glycan uniformity on the target protein, No Open Reading Frame (NORF) yeast cell lines are screened extensively during various stages of glycoengineering. In the absence of the target protein of interest, screening the NORF yeast cell lines for glycoform uniformity becomes a challenge. The common approach so far has been to analyze the total cell glycan pool released from glycoproteins of the NORF yeast cells to predict the N-glycan uniformity. As this does not always accurately predict the N-glycan end product, we describe in this chapter a detailed protocol for a non-affinity-based high-throughput purification of an endogenous glycoprotein. This protein of interest has been introduced during the early stages of glycoengineering process and its N-glycan profile is utilized as a tool for glycoengineering screening.
Combinatorial drug screening identifies compensatory pathway interactions and adaptive resistance mechanisms (2013)

Constitutively activated signaling molecules are often the primary drivers of malignancy, and are favored targets for therapeutic intervention. However, the effectiveness of targeted inhibition of cell signaling can be blunted by compensatory signaling which generates adaptive resistance mechanisms and reduces therapeutic responses. Therefore, it is important to identify and target these compensatory pathways with combinations of targeted agents to achieve durable clinical benefit. In this report, we demonstrate the use of high-throughput combinatorial drug screening as a discovery tool to identify compensatory pathways that generate resistance to the cytotoxic effects of targeted therapy. We screened 420 drug combinations in 14 different cell lines representing three cancer lineages, and assessed the ability of each combination to cause synergistic cytotoxicity. Drug substitution studies were used to validate the functionally important drug targets. Of the 84 combinations that caused robust synergy in multiple cell lines, none were synergistic in more than half of the lines tested, and we observed no pattern of lineage specificity in the observed synergies. This reflects the plasticity of cell signaling networks, even among cell lines of the same tissue of origin. Mechanistic analysis of one novel synergistic combination identified in the screen, the multi-kinase inhibitor Ro31-8220 and lapatinib, demonstrated compensatory crosstalk between the p70S6 kinase and EGF receptor pathways. In addition, we identified BAD as a node of convergence between these two pathways that may be playing a role in the enhanced apoptosis observed upon combination treatment.
Association of Epigenetic Inactivation of <b> <i>RASSF1A</i> </b> with Poor Outcome in Human Neuroblastoma (2004)

Our results suggest that epigenetic inactivation of RASSF1A may contribute to the clinically aggressive phenotype of high-risk NB.
Generalized Telegraphist's Equations for Waveguides (1952)

In this paper Maxwell's partial differential equations and the boundary conditions for waveguides filled with a heterogeneous and non-isotropic medium are converted into an infinite system of ordinary differential equations. This system represents a generalization of “telegraphist's equations” for a single mode transmission to the case of multiple mode transmission. A similar set of equations is obtained for spherical waves. Although such generalized telegraphist's equations are very complicated, it is very likely that useful results can be obtained, by an appropriate modal analysis.
<title>Efficient second-order approximations for reciprocals and square roots</title> (1999)

This paper presents a high-speed method for approximating reciprocals and square roots. This method is based on piecewise second-order Taylor expansion, yet it requires one third as many coefficients and has less delay. It can be implemented using a table lookup, a multiplication and a merged operation, which has approximately the same area and delay as a multiplication. The table lookup and merged operation are independent and can be performed in parallel. To reduce the overall hardware requirements, this method can share hardware with an existing multiplier.
Human Constitutive Androstane Receptor Mediates Induction of CYP2B6 Gene Expression by Phenytoin (2004)

Compared with its rodent orthologs, little is known about the chemical specificity of human constitutive androstane receptor (hCAR) and its regulation of hepatic enzyme expression. Phenytoin (PHY), a widely used antiepileptic drug, is a potent inducer of CYP2B6 in primary human hepatocytes, but does not activate human pregnane X receptor (PXR) significantly in cell-based transfection assays at the same concentrations associated with potent induction of CYP2B6. Based on this observation, we hypothesized that PHY may be a selective activator of hCAR. In primary human hepatocytes, expression of CYP2B6 reporter genes containing phenobarbital-responsive enhancer module (PBREM) or PBREM/xenobiotic-responsive enhancer module (XREM) response elements were activated up to 14- and 28-fold, respectively, by 50 microm PHY. By contrast, parallel experiments in HepG2 cell lines co-transfected with an hPXR expression vector did not show increased reporter activity. These results indicated that a PXR-independent pathway, which is retained in primary hepatocytes, is responsible for PHY induction of CYP2B6. Further experiments revealed that PHY effectively translocates hCAR from the cytoplasm into the nucleus in both primary human hepatocytes and CAR(-/-) mice. Compared with vehicle controls, PHY administration significantly increased CYP2B6 reporter gene expression, when this reporter construct was delivered together with hCAR expression vector into CAR(-/-) mice. However, PHY did not increase reporter gene expression in CAR(-/-) mice in the absence of hCAR vector, implying that CAR is essential for mediating PHY induction of CYP2B6 gene expression. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that, in contrast to most of the known CYP2B6 inducers, PHY is a selective activator of CAR in humans.
Alterations of untreated lymphedema and it's grades over time. (1995)

Lymphedema is assumed to increase in amount and Grade with time. This work verifies that assumption, and may be helpful in persuading patients to undergo treatment and provides prognosis for likelihood of future disability. Before-treatment volumes of lymphedema/normal, Grades and durations' are compared in 231 postmastectomy arm, 74 primary leg, and 103 secondary leg lymphedemas. These were the first, consecutive, unilateral lymphedemas to receive treatment at 25 clinics whose therapists we had trained. Amounts of lymphedema increased with time, as did Grades. Arms increased more rapidly (p = 0.01) than secondary or primary legs, which did not differ from each other (linear regressions: 1.8 (0.34), 0.63 (0.20) and 0.68 (0.38) %/year, respectively). The Grades of primary lymphedemas increased more slowly than those of either secondary arms (p = 0.02) or secondary legs (p = 0.03), which did not differ from each other (regressions: 0.010 (0.0048), 0.038 (0.0063) and 0.032 (0.0048) Grades/year, respectively). Increase of lymphedema with Grade was less for secondary legs than for primary legs (p = 0.004) or arms (p = 0.009), which did not differ significantly (regressions: 9.9 (3.5), 35 (8.7) and 25 (3.4) %/Grade, respectively). Thus, arms increased more rapidly in size than primary or secondary legs; primary legs remained in each Grade longer--and got larger in them--than did secondary legs. This relative lack of fibrosis in primary lymphedema permitted greater amounts of edema and accorded well with histopathological studies. The increases described with duration were not caused simply by patient aging. Whereas both duration and the age at the onset of lymphedema were significant for the arms, only duration was significant for the legs. Even in the arms duration was much more important than age.
Modelling Security Goals in Business Processes (2008)

Abstract: Various types of security goals, such as authentication or confidentiality, can be defined as policies for process-aware information systems, typically in amanual fashion. Therefore, we foster amodel-driven transformation approach from modelled security goals in the context of process models to concrete security implementations. We argue that specific types of security goals may be expressed in agraphical fashion at the business process modelling level which in turn can be transformed into corresponding access control and security policies for process-aware information systems, for instance based on service-oriented architectures. In this paper we present security policy and policy constraint models. These models are projected onto general enterprise models and enterprise business processes in particular. Wefurther discuss the suitability of this approach based on an example process and outline future work in order to derive security policy implementations out of the process models applicable for service-oriented architectures. 1
Treatment of oily wastes by ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis; a case history (1978)

Experience with the installation and commissioning of an ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis system for the treatment of spent metalworking lubricants and rolling mill cooling fluids at a Davenport, Iowa, aluminum-converting works showed that fouling could be overcome by adding 50-100 mg/l. of surfactant to the influent and by using a three-step cleaning and backflushing treatment, both of which allowed the system to operate at the design capacity of 100,000 gal/day of oily waste. The operating and capital costs were slightly higher than those for an equivalent chemical treatment system, but a higher quality effluent suitable for reuse was produced.