gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA "melting" proteins. IV. Fluorescence measurements of binding parameters for bacteriophage T4 gene 32-protein to mono-, oligo-, and polynucleotides. (1976)

The quenching of the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of T4-coded gene 32-protein on binding to nucleotide ligands, which was described in the preceding paper, is here exploited to measure thermodynamic parameters of the single-stranded nucleic acid-gene 32-protein interaction. It is shown that binding of small ligands follows a single site binding isotherm, with association constants increasing from approximately 20 M-1 for phosphate, to approximately 10(3) M for ribose or deoxyribose 5'-phosphate, to approximately 10(4) M-1 for mononucleotides, and to approximately 10(5) M-1 for dinucleoside monophosphates (all in 0.1 M Na+). The measured binding constants appear to be about the same for homologous ribose- and deoxyribose-containing ligands and to be independent of oligonucleotide base sequence and composition. Furthermore, beyond the dinucleotide level and up to octanucleotides, the increase in binding constant with increasing chain length is only about that expected from the statistical factor resulting from the increased number of ways a longer oligonucleotide can form a protein complex. This suggests that the basic binding unit involved in gene 32-protein associations with single-stranded nucleic acids can be approximated by a dinucleoside monophosphate. Oligonucleotides long enough to accomodate two or more protein monomers are characterized by much larger association constants, indicating that binding is cooperative in protein concentration. A cooperativity parameter (omegac) of approximately 10(3) is estimated from these data, in good agreement with that deduced from the application of ligand-perturbed helix in equilibrium coil transition calculations. Values of association constants (Kcomegac) of approximately 10(8) M-1 (in 0.1 M Na+) and site size (nc) of approximately 5 (+/-1) nucleotide residues/protein monomer are determined by the fluorescence titration technique for the cooperative binding of gene 32-protein to both poly(dA) and poly(rA); these values are also in agreement with those measured by Jensen et al. (Jensen, D.E. Kelly, R.C., and von Hippel, P.H. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 7215-7228). Possible in vivo consequences and correlations of these findings with proposed roles for gene 32-protein in replication and recombination are discussed.
Autodesk InfraWorks and InfraWorks 360 Essentials: Autodesk Official Press (2014)

Your guide to quickly learning InfraWorks Autodesk InfraWorks Essentials is a complete, hands-on tutorial for InfraWorks, the powerful design tool that lets you quickly generate 3D models to create infrastructure designs and proposals. This Autodesk Official Press book shows you the right way to take advantage of versatile InfraWorks features. From creating models in the context of the existing environment to crafting stunning proposals, you'll become comfortable with every step of the design process. After working through this start-to-finish tutorial, you'll be able to productively use InfraWorks for civil project design that's fully integrated with existing real-world characteristics. In Autodesk InfraWorks Essentials, you'll learn everything you need for everyday design projects. 360 full-color pages full of screenshots and illustrations Detailed step-by-steps on importing GIS and other data Create roadways, buildings, railways, and more Learn how to use the powerful Styles feature Download before and after files, so you can start anywhere This is the perfect tutorial for using InfraWorks to quickly create infrastructure designs, win project bids, speed up the approval process, and collaborate remotely across platforms.
Using fibre gratings to stabilise laser diode wavelengthunder modulation for atmospheric lidar transmitters (1996)

The authors report on the optical spectrum of a high power (150 mW) laser diode under large signal intensity modulation with feedback from an external cavity fibre grating. Single longitudinal facet mode operation was maintained for 6 kHz 1% and 3% duty cycle pulsed and 1 Mbit/s psuedonoise code modulation with extinction ratios as small as 0.01.
Rational design of nanostructured, noble metal free, ceria–zirconia catalysts with outstanding low temperature oxygen storage capacity (2013)

On the basis of detailed previous knowledge about the correlation existing between the Oxygen Storage Capacity (OSC) of ceria–zirconia mixed oxides, the nature of redox pretreatments and the nanostructure of this family of complex materials, it has been possible to design a synthetic strategy allowing one to prepare ceria–zirconia and ceria–yttria-doped zirconia materials, with total ceria contents below 20%, featuring OSC values higher than those observed for catalysts which incorporate supported noble metal particles in their formulation, especially in the very low, 373–473 K, temperature range. These novel, noble-metal free and highly reducible, ceria–zirconia materials allow a much more efficient usage of ceria as a component of oxygen storage formulations, which is nowadays considered one of the key innovation targets in the field of lanthanide oxide based catalysts.
Speed profile variation as a surrogate measure of road safety based on GPS-equipped vehicle data (2009)

The identification of roadway sections with a higher than expected number of crashes is usually based on long term crash frequency data. In situations where historical crash data are limited or not available, surrogate safety measures, based on characteristics such as road geometries, traffic volume, and speed variation are often considered. Most of existing crash prediction models relate safety to speed variation at a specific point on the roadway. However, such point-specific explanatory variables do not capture the effect of speed consistency along the roadway. This study developed several measures based on the speed profiles along road segments to estimate the crash frequency on urban streets. To collect speed profile data, second-by-second speed data were obtained from more than 460 GPS-equipped vehicles participating in the Commute Atlanta Study over the 2004 calendar year. A series of speed data filters have been developed to identify likely free-flow speed data. The quantified relationships between surrogate measures and crash frequency are developed using regression tree and generalized linear modeling (GLM) approaches. The results indicate that safety characteristics of roadways are likely a function of the roadway classification. Two crash prediction models with different set of explanatory variables were developed for higher and lower classification roadways. The findings support the potential use of the profile-based measures to evaluate the safety of road network as the deployment of GPS-equipped vehicles become more prevalent.
Qualitative and quantitative assessments of the growth of (Al,Ga) As-GaAs heterostructures by in situ ellipsometry (1981)

Fast ellipsometers have made feasible real-time assessment of heterostructure growth in a vapour phase ambient. A fast ellipsometer/MO-VPE experimental system is described and the possibilities of in situ ellipsometry are investigated in the case of GaAs-(Al, Ga)As structure growth : qualitative assessment in real-time and quantitative assessment (growth rate, composition determination and transition width) by experimental data processing after growth.
Automated Fabrication of Complex Molded Parts Using Mold SOM (1998)

Mold Shape Deposition Manufacturing (Mold SDM) is a Solid Freeform Fabrication technique for producing complex shaped fugitive wax molds. A vari~ty of castable. polymer and ceramic materials have been used to make parts from these molds. ThIS paper descnbes the Mold SDM method and an automated mold building machine based on a commercial CNC mill. Process steps, material selection and equipment issues are explained. Alumina, silicon nitride, polyurethane and epoxy parts with feature sizes ranging from 0.5 to 30 mm will be shown, as well as preassembled mechanisms and multi-material parts.
Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LHRH)-I Antagonist Cetrorelix Inhibits Myeloma Cell Growth <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2010)

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-I antagonist, Cetrorelix, on human multiple myeloma (MM) cells and to elucidate the mechanisms of action. We showed that LHRH-I and LHRHR-I genes were expressed in MM cell lines and primary MM cells. Treatment with Cetrorelix inhibited growth and colony-forming ability of myeloma cells, including cell lines resistant to arsenic trioxide, bortezomib, or lenalidomide. Cetrorelix induced apoptosis in myeloma cells including primary myeloma cells. In addition, Cetrorelix inhibited the growth of human myeloma cells xenografted into mice without any apparent side effects. Cetrorelix downregulated the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activity and the expression of cytokines, including interleukin 6, insulin-like growth factor 1, VEGF-A, and stromal-derived factor 1, important for myeloma cell growth and survival in myeloma cells and/or marrow stromal cells from myeloma patients. Cetrorelix decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 and STAT3 in myeloma cells, two crucial pathways for myeloma cells growth and survival. Moreover, the expression of p21 and p53 was increased, whereas that of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) was reduced by Cetrorelix. Our findings indicate that Cetrorelix induces cytotoxicity in myeloma cells through various mechanisms and provide a rationale for investigating Cetrorelix for the treatment of MM.
Performance of pattern recognition myoelectric control using a generic electrode grid with Targeted Muscle Reinnervation patients (2012)

Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a surgical technique that creates myoelectric prosthesis control sites for high-level amputees. The electromyographic signal patterns provided by the reinnervated muscles are well-suited for pattern recognition (PR) control. PR control uses more electrodes compared to conventional amplitude control techniques but their placement on the residual limb is less critical than for conventional amplitude control. In this contribution, we demonstrate that classification error and real-time control performances using a generically placed electrode grid were equivalent or superior to the performance when using targeted electrode placements on two transhumeral amputee subjects with TMR. When using a grid electrode layout, subjects were able to complete actions 0.290 sec to 1 sec faster and with greater accuracy as compared to clinically localized electrode placement (mean classification error of 1.35% and 3.2%, respectively, for a 5 movement-class classifier).These findings indicate that a grid electrode arrangement has the potential to improve control of a myoelectric prosthesis while reducing the time and effort associated with fitting the prosthesis due to clinical localization of control sites on amputee patients.
A general class of current-mode high-order OTA-C filters (1996)

Abstract A current-mode high-order filter configuration is introduced using multiple current output operational transconductance amplifiers OTAs. The circuit has been constructed by employing a current-mode integrator and a proportional block as basic building units. It is shown that the proposed circuit can realize a general class of high-order transfer functions. As an example, a fourth-order filter is given, together with simulated results by PSpice.
Quantum key distribution integrated into commercial WDM systems (2008)

Quantum cryptography circumvents the threat on classical cryptography due to quantum computers. Its integration into WDM transmission systems is a key point in its commercial deployment. The necessary pre-requisites are discussed in this paper.
A distal single nucleotide polymorphism alters long-range regulation of the PU.1 gene in acute myeloid leukemia (2007)

Targeted disruption of a highly conserved distal enhancer reduces expression of the PU.1 transcription factor by 80% and leads to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with frequent cytogenetic aberrations in mice. Here we identify a SNP within this element in humans that is more frequent in AML with a complex karyotype, leads to decreased enhancer activity, and reduces PU.1 expression in myeloid progenitors in a development-dependent manner. This SNP inhibits binding of the chromatin-remodeling transcriptional regulator special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1). Overexpression of SATB1 increased PU.1 expression, and siRNA inhibition of SATB1 downregulated PU.1 expression. Targeted disruption of the distal enhancer led to a loss of regulation of PU.1 by SATB1. Interestingly, disruption of SATB1 in mice led to a selective decrease of PU.1 RNA in specific progenitor types (granulocyte-macrophage and megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors) and a similar effect was observed in AML samples harboring this SNP. Thus we have identified a SNP within a distal enhancer that is associated with a subtype of leukemia and exerts a deleterious effect through remote transcriptional dysregulation in specific progenitor subtypes.
Mannitol Protects against Oxidation by Hydroxyl Radicals (1997)

Hydroxyl radicals may be responsible for oxidative damage during drought or chilling stress. We have shown that the presence of mannitol in chloroplasts can protect plants against oxidative damage by hydroxyl radicals (B. Shen, R.G. Jensen, H.J. Bohnert [1997] Plant Physiol 113: 1177-1183). Here we identify one of the target enzymes that may be protected by mannitol. Isolated thylakoids in the presence of physiological concentrations of Fe2+ generated hydroxyl radicals that were detected by the conversion of phenylalanine into tyrosine. The activity of phosphoribulokinase (PRK), a thiol-regulated enzyme of the Calvin cycle, was reduced by 65% in illuminated thylakoids producing hydroxyl radicals. Mannitol (125 mM) and sodium formate (15 mM), both hydroxyl radical scavengers, and catalase (3000 units mL-1) prevented loss of PRK activity. In contrast, superoxide dismutase (300 units mL-1) and glycine betaine (125 mM) were not effective in protecting PRK against oxidative inactivation. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity was not affected by hydroxyl radicals. We suggest that the stress-protective role of mannitol may be to shield susceptible thiol-regulated enzymes like PRK plus thioredoxin, ferredoxin, and glutathione from inactivation by hydroxyl radicals in plants.
Graph Partitioning using Quantum Annealing on the D-Wave System (2017)

Graph partitioning (GP) applications are ubiquitous throughout mathematics, computer science, chemistry, physics, bio-science, machine learning, and complex systems. Post Moore's era supercomputing has provided us an opportunity to explore new approaches for traditional graph algorithms on quantum computing architectures. In this work, we explore graph partitioning using quantum annealing on the D-Wave 2X machine. Motivated by a recently proposed graph-based electronic structure theory applied to quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations, graph partitioning is used for reducing the calculation of the density matrix into smaller subsystems rendering the calculation more computationally efficient. Unconstrained graph partitioning as community clustering based on the modularity metric can be naturally mapped into the Hamiltonian of the quantum annealer. On the other hand, when constraints are imposed for partitioning into equal parts and minimizing the number of cut edges between parts, a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) reformulation is required. This reformulation may employ the graph complement to fit the problem in the Chimera graph of the quantum annealer. Partitioning into 2 parts and k parts concurrently for arbitrary k are demonstrated with benchmark graphs, random graphs, and small material system density matrix based graphs. Results for graph partitioning using quantum and hybrid classical-quantum approaches are shown to be comparable to current "state of the art" methods and sometimes better.
Radar Emitter Recognition Based on the Energy Cumulant of Short Time Fourier Transform and Reinforced Deep Belief Network (2018)

To cope with the complex electromagnetic environment and varied signal styles, a novel method based on the energy cumulant of short time Fourier transform and reinforced deep belief network is proposed to gain a higher correct recognition rate for radar emitter intra-pulse signals at a low signal-to-noise ratio. The energy cumulant of short time Fourier transform is attained by calculating the accumulations of each frequency sample value with the different time samples. Before this procedure, the time frequency distribution via short time Fourier transform is processed by base noise reduction. The reinforced deep belief network is proposed to employ the input feature vectors for training to achieve the radar emitter recognition and classification. Simulation results manifest that the proposed method is feasible and robust in radar emitter recognition even at a low SNR.
An Overview of 3D Body Scanning Applications in Thailand (2010)

3D body scanning technology was first introduced in Thailand during the Bangkok Fashion Week in 2006. The event was organized by the Thai National Sizing Survey project, known as SizeThailand, to allow the people in the apparel and fashion industry to familiarize themselves with the latest method for accurately measuring body size and to make the general public aware of this new technology prior to the official launch of the project. SizeThailand was then launched in 2007 and successfully completed in 2008 with 13,442 subjects taking part. It followed the same procedures and methodology as SizeUK and SizeUSA which made Thailand the first country in Asia Pacific to have carried out an anthropometric survey using the 3D body scanning technology.
Effect of repeated administration of clonidine on adrenergic, cholinergic (muscarinic), dopaminergic, and serotonergic receptors in brain regions of rats (1991)

Abstract Clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) or its vehicle was administered orally to rats for 2 months. A significant decrease in mean blood pressure was observed in clonidine treated rats. Chronic administration of clonidine in rats produced alterations in central receptors. In hypothalamus and medulla, clonidine in treatment increased the B max value of 3 H‐dihydroergocryptine binding to α‐adrenergic receptors. In cortex, clonidine treatment increased the B max value of 3 H‐spiroperidol binding to dopaminergic receptors. Clonidine treatment produced a decrease in the B max value in cortex while in hypothalamus and medulla, an increase in the B max value of 3 H‐quinuclydinyl benzylate (QNB) binding to muscarinic receptors was observed. In medulla, clonidine treatment increased the B max value of 3 H‐5‐hydroxytryptamine (HT) binding to 5‐HT 1 receptors. No change was observed in dissociation constant (K d ) values of any 3 H‐ligand in any brain region. In vitro studies showed interaction of clonidine with 3 H‐dihydroergocryptine and 3 H‐QNB. It can be concluded from the present study that chronic administration of clonidine produces an up‐regulation of α‐adrenergic, cholinergic (muscarinic), and serotonergic (5‐HT 1 ) receptors in brain regions mainly involved in cardiovascular regulation.
A high efficiency transmitter with a delta-sigma modulator and a noise cancellation circuit (2005)

We propose a new architecture for a transmitter with a delta-sigma modulator and a noise cancellation circuit. A data converter including a deltasigma modulator quantizes the magnitude of the baseband data, which comprises of the in-phase data, I, and the quadrature-phase data, Q. When considering a transmitter with a data converter, a bigb efliciency nonlinear power amplifier can be used, since the envelope of the input signal is quantized to single bit. Quantization noise due to the delta-sigma modulator is canceled by combining an error signal with the same amplitude and opposite phase, without the need for a high Q band-pass filter. Operation of the noise cancellation circuit is verified, and its efficiency is found to be 40%.
Starch Digestion and Utilization in Ruminants (1986)

For most grain, except corn and sorghum, 90% or more of starch is normally fermented in the rumen. With corn, up to 30% or more could escape ruminal fermentation; most of the starch escaping fermentation would be digested in the small intestine or fermented in the large intestine. The capacity for digestion of raw starch in the small intestine is limited to 100 to 200 g/d in sheep. Gelled starch could be digested in quantities up to 200 to 300 g/d. The capacity would ultimately be limited by lack of enzymes involved in hydrolysis of short chain di- and oligosaccharides and also by capacity for absorption of glucose. Starch fermented in the cecum leads to an increase of N loss in the feces. In some instances, the high propionic acid proportion arising from fermentation of starch exceeds the capacity of the liver for metabolism. In growing lambs and goats, this creates problems of synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids in adipose tissue and, in dairy cows, problems of low milk yield and milk fat production. The low ruminal pH that often occurs when starchy grain is included in diets for ruminants can cause depression in fiber digestion. Some of these problems can be overcome by reducing extent of cereal processing and other methods that prevent low ruminal pH. It is concluded that due to limited capacity for starch digestion postruminally and high animal variability, deliberate attempts to increase postruminal digestion of starch are unlikely to be beneficial and are likely to create potential digestive problems.
High speed, monolithically integrated pin-HEMT photoreceiver fabricated on InP with a tunable bandwidth up to 22 GHz using a novel circuit design (2002)

High speed monolithically integrated photoreceivers were fabricated showing flat photo response and a state of the art bandwidth of 18 GHz, which should be sufficient for data transmission systems well beyond 20 Gbit/s. The circuitry consists of a high input impedance front-end design followed by an equalizing second stage to compensate the input capacitance. A state of the art input noise current of 12 pA//spl radic/Hz within the bandwidth was obtained. The bandwidth of the photoreceiver can be tuned with the bias voltages. For a 3 dB peak at 15 GHz a total bandwidth of 22 GHz was obtained.
Faster ray tracing using adaptive grids (1997)

A new hybrid approach is presented which outperforms the regular grid technique in scenes with highly irregular object distributions by a factor of hundreds, and combined with an area interpolator, by a factor of thousands. Much has been said about scene independence of different acceleration techniques and the alleged superiority of one approach over another. Several theoretical and practical studies conducted in the past have led to the same conclusion: a space partitioning method that allows the fastest rendering of one scene often fails with another. Specialization may be the answer. This has always been pursued, consciously or not, in developing various ray-tracing systems. Despite our new algorithm's impressive efficiency, we don't interpret the new method as the fastest ray-tracing scene decomposition possible. This is because our recent groundwork experiments with a derivative method produced in some of the test scenes presented in this article produced timings that were better by approximately 50%.