gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of optical-feedback-induced frequency noise in pigtailed laser diodes (1989)

Two schemes for active cavity length control for close-coupled laser diode to butt-ended fibre are described and it is shown that at specific fibre-to-facet distances a significant reduction in feedback-induced laser frequency noise occurs.
Fault Analysis using State-of-the-art Classifiers (2013)

Fault Analysis is the detection and diagnosis of malfunction in machine operation or process control. Early fault analysis techniques were reserved for high critical plants such as nuclear or chemical industries where abnormal event prevention is given utmost importance. The techniques developed were a result of decades of technical research and models based on extensive characterization of equipment behavior. This requires in-depth knowledge of the system and expert analysis to apply these methods for the application at hand. Since machine learning algorithms depend on past process data for creating a system model, a generic autonomous diagnostic system can be developed which can be used for application in common industrial setups. In this thesis, we look into some of the techniques used for fault detection and diagnosis multi-class and one-class classifiers. First we study Feature Selection techniques and the classifier performance is analyzed against the number of selected features. The aim of feature selection is to reduce the impact of irrelevant variables and to reduce computation burden on the learning algorithm. We introduce the feature selection algorithms as a literature survey. Only few algorithms are implemented to obtain the results. Fault data from a Radio Frequency (RF) generator is used to perform fault detection and diagnosis. Comparison between continuous and discrete fault data is conducted for the Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBF) classifiers. In the second part we look into one-class classification techniques and their application to fault detection. One-class techniques were primarily developed to identify one class of objects from all other possible objects. Since all fault occurrences in a system cannot be simulated or recorded, one-class techniques help in identifying abnormal events. We introduce four one-class classifiers and analyze them using Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. We also develop a feature extraction method for the RF generator data which is used to obtain results for one-class classifiers and Radial Basis Function Network two class classification. To apply these techniques for real-time verification, the RIT Fault Prediction software is built. LabView environment is used to build a basic data management and fault detection using Radial Basis Function Network. This software is stand alone and acts as foundation for future implementations.
Introduction (2004)

With typically Roman prudence the emperor [Trajan], by a preliminary test of the trustworthiness of the oracle [of Apollo], took steps to thwart the possibility of hidden human trickery, and began by sending sealed tablets [codicillos] with a request for a written reply. To the surprise of the priests, who were, of course, unaware of the nature of the emperor's tablets, the god bade a sheet of papyrus [chartam] be brought and ordered it to be sealed, without any writing on it, and dispatched. When Trajan received the document he was filled with astonishment, since the tablets [tabellis] he had sent to the god also had had no writing on them; and he then wrote and sealed other tablets [codicillis], to ask whether he would return to Rome after the war was over. The god thereupon bade a centurion's vine branch be brought from among the dedicated offerings in the temple, broken in pieces, and the pieces wrapped and sent to the emperor.(Macrobius, Saturnalia 1.23.14–16)
Ophthalmic Arterial Blood Pressures Measured by Ocular Plethysmodynamography (1975)

The indirect measurement of ophthalmic arterial blood pressure is an important index in the understanding of cerebral vacsular hemodynamics. Ophthalmodynamometry (ODM), the prototype for such measurement, is, however, replete with difficulties that have limited its widespread use. A preliminary evaluation of a new technique for ODM identified as ocular plethysmodynamography, has yielded accurate opthalmic blood pressure data without the attendant problems. Reproducible values for bilateral ophthalmic arterial pressure levels have been determined in 30 normal volunteers and the levels correlated to brachial arterial pressure levels. In a series of patients with arteriographically demonstrable carotid obstructive lesions, the preoperative and postoperative ophthalmic arterial blood pressure relationships exhibited excellent correlation with the roentgenographic and intraoperative data.
Permeation Peptide Conjugates for In Vivo Molecular Imaging Applications (2006)

Rapid and efficient delivery of imaging probes to the cell interior using permeation peptides has enabled novel applications in molecular imaging. Membrane permeant peptides based on the HIV-1 Tat basic domain sequence, GRKKRRQRRR, labeled with fluorophores and fluorescent proteins for optical imaging or with appropriate peptide-based motifs or macrocycles to chelate metals, such as technetium for nuclear scintigraphy and gadolinium for magnetic resonance imaging, have been synthesized. In addition, iron oxide complexes have been functionalized with the Tat basic domain peptides for magnetic resonance imaging applications. Herein we review current applications of permeation peptides in molecular imaging and factors influencing permeation peptide internalization. These diagnostic agents show concentrative cell accumulation and rapid kinetics and display cytosolic and focal nuclear accumulation in human cells. Combining methods, dual-labeled permeation peptides incorporating fluorescein maleimide and chelated technetium have allowed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of cellular uptake. Imaging studies in mice following intravenous administration of prototypic diagnostic permeation peptides show rapid whole-body distribution allowing for various molecular imaging applications. Strategies to develop permeation peptides into molecular imaging probes have included incorporation of targeting motifs such as molecular beacons or protease cleavable domains that enable selective retention, activatable fluorescence, or targeted transduction. These novel permeation peptide conjugates maintain rapid translocation across cell membranes into intracellular compartments and have the potential for targeted in vivo applications in molecular imaging and combination therapy.
Reversal of Female Infertility by <i>Chk2</i> Ablation Reveals the Oocyte DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathway (2014)

Genetic errors in meiosis can lead to birth defects and spontaneous abortions. Checkpoint mechanisms of hitherto unknown nature eliminate oocytes with unrepaired DNA damage, causing recombination-defective mutant mice to be sterile. Here, we report that checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2 or Chek2), is essential for culling mouse oocytes bearing unrepaired meiotic or induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Female infertility caused by a meiotic recombination mutation or irradiation was reversed by mutation of Chk2. Both meiotically programmed and induced DSBs trigger CHK2-dependent activation of TRP53 (p53) and TRP63 (p63), effecting oocyte elimination. These data establish CHK2 as essential for DNA damage surveillance in female meiosis and indicate that the oocyte DSB damage response primarily involves a pathway hierarchy in which ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) signals to CHK2, which then activates p53 and p63.
Role of Axonal Transport in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2008)

Many major human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), display axonal pathologies including abnormal accumulations of proteins and organelles. Such pathologies highlight damage to the axon as part of the pathogenic process and, in particular, damage to transport of cargoes through axons. Indeed, we now know that disruption of axonal transport is an early and perhaps causative event in many of these diseases. Here, we review the role of axonal transport in neurodegenerative disease.
Analysis of the HIL-6/HIL-6R binding interface at the amino acid level: Proposed mechanisms of interaction (1996)

Abstract n°550N° de périodique :3
The Application of Enamines to a New Synthesis of β-Ketonitriles (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Application of Enamines to a New Synthesis of β-KetonitrilesMartin E. KuehneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 20, 5400–5404Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01529a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01529a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1045Altmetric-Citations100LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Surface-Phosphorylated Copolymer Promotes Direct Bone Bonding (2009)

The bone bonding potential of surface-phosphorylated poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) [poly (HEMA-co-MMA)] has been investigated and compared with commercially available poly (methyl methacrylate) bone cement (CMW1 radiopaque, Depuy; Johnson & Johnson, Blackpool, Lancashire, England, United Kingdom) as control. Poly (HEMA-co-MMA) is synthesized by free radical-initiated copolymerization and surface functionalized by phosphorylation. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the presence of surface-bound phosphate groups on poly (HEMA-co-MMA). The surface-phosphorylated poly (HEMA-co-MMA) promotes in vitro biomineralization, cell viability, cell adhesion, and expression of bone-specific markers such as osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. The bone implantation study performed in rabbits as per ISO 10993-6; 1994 (E) shows that surface-phosphorylated poly (HEMA-co-MMA) elicits bone bonding and new bone formation. New woven bone trabeculae are formed at the defect site of surface-phosphorylated poly (HEMA-co-MMA) within 1 week, while for control sample, inflammatory cells--predominantly, macrophages, fibroblasts, and fibrocytes--are present at the cortical margins around the defect. The 4 and 12 weeks postimplantation results show that the major part of the defects around the surface-phosphorylated poly (HEMA-co-MMA) implant is bridged with new woven bone, with significant remodeling (evident from resorption bays) along both the margins of the defect, but for control implants, the defects are only partially closed, with slight remodeling along the margins, but most of them are separated by fibrous tissue.
Simple fabrication of a three-dimensional porous polymer film as a diffuser for organic light emitting diodes (2014)

We have investigated a simple and cost-effective fabrication method for a porous polymer film employing the spin-coating process during continuous supply of water droplets by an ultrasonic humidifier. The resulting porous polymer film showed ∼40% optical haze, and this film could be used as a diffuser film for strong microcavity OLEDs. Specifically, we focused on controlling the surface morphology to give a three-dimensional (3D) multi-stacked nanocave structure because we had already learnt that two-dimensional nanoporous structures showed serious loss of luminance in the forward direction. As a result, we found that a 3D-ordered multi-stacked nanocave structure with a relatively small diameter and a distribution range of 300-500 nm can be obtained by precise control of the elastic bouncing behaviour of the supplied water droplets. Using this approach, we found that the 3D nanoporous polymer film can effectively reduce the viewing angle dependency of strong microcavity OLEDs without any considerable decrease in the total intensity of the out-coupled light.
Laser Induced Shock Wave Lithotripsy—Biologic Effects of Nanosecond Pulses (1988)

Laser energy of a Nd-YAG laser (1064 nm. wave length, 8 nsec pulse duration) was directed against various tissue cultures and the urothelium of the ureter, bladder and kidney parenchyma in pigs. Single pulse energy was 50 to 120 mJ with a repetition rate of 20 Hz. Urothelium and kidney parenchyma were irradiated in seven pigs. Tissue samples were examined histologically and electron microscopically directly, two, four, eight and 12 days after irradiation. No macroscopic lesion could be found. Maximum energy caused a small 'rupture cone' of 40 micron. depth. No thermic effects or necrosis resulted, so that no harm is to be expected with unintentional irradiation during laser stone disintegration.
Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (−)- <i>trans</i> -Δ <sup>9</sup> - Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. Cultivars (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> With laws changing around the world regarding the legal status of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> (cannabis) it is important to develop objective classification systems that help explain the chemical variation found among various cultivars. Currently cannabis cultivars are named using obscure and inconsistent nomenclature. Terpenoids, responsible for the aroma of cannabis, are a useful group of compounds for distinguishing cannabis cultivars with similar cannabinoid content. <b>Methods:</b> In this study we analyzed terpenoid content of cannabis samples obtained from a single medical cannabis dispensary in California over the course of a year. Terpenoids were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and peak identification was confirmed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Quantitative data from 16 major terpenoids were analyzed using hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). <b>Results:</b> A total of 233 samples representing 30 cultivars were used to develop a classification scheme based on quantitative data, HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA. Initially cultivars were divided into five major groups, which were subdivided into 13 classes based on differences in terpenoid profile. Different classification models were compared with PLS-DA and found to perform best when many representative samples of a particular class were included. <b>Conclusion:</b> A hierarchy of terpenoid chemotypes was observed in the data set. Some cultivars fit into distinct chemotypes, whereas others seemed to represent a continuum of chemotypes. This study has demonstrated an approach to classifying cannabis cultivars based on terpenoid profile.
Level set methods for detonation shock dynamics using high-order finite elements (2017)

Level set methods are a popular approach to modeling evolving interfaces. We present a level set ad- vection solver in two and three dimensions using the discontinuous Galerkin method with high-order nite elements. During evolution, the level set function is reinitialized to a signed distance function to maintain ac- curacy. Our approach leads to stable front propagation and convergence on high-order, curved, unstructured meshes. The ability of the solver to implicitly track moving fronts lends itself to a number of applications; in particular, we highlight applications to high-explosive (HE) burn and detonation shock dynamics (DSD). We provide results for two- and three-dimensional benchmark problems as well as applications to DSD.
Spinal Anesthesia with Lidocaine or Preservative-Free 2-Chlorprocaine for Outpatient Knee Arthroscopy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison (2007)

Intrathecal injection of 50 mg of preservative-free 2-chloroprocaine 1% resulted in quicker recovery of sensory/motor function, and unassisted ambulation, and fewer incidences of transient neurologic symptoms than the same dose of 1% lidocaine.
Volume illumination for two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (2000)

In particle image velocimetry experiments where optical access is limited or in microscale geometries, it may be desirable to illuminate the entire test section with a volume of light, as opposed to a two-dimensional sheet of light. With volume illumination, the depth of the measurement plane must be defined by the focusing characteristics of the recording optics. A theoretical expression for the depth of the two-dimensional measurement plane is derived and it is shown to agree well with experimental observations. Unfocused particle images, which lie outside the measurement plane, create background noise that decreases the signal-to-noise ratio of the particle-image fields. Results show that the particle concentration must be chosen judiciously in order to balance the desired spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of the particle-image field.
Overnutrition, mTOR signaling, and cardiovascular diseases (2014)

The prevalence of obesity and associated medical disorders has increased dramatically in the United States and throughout much of the world in the past decade. Obesity, induced by excess intake of carbohydrates and fats, is a major cause of Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and the cardiorenal metabolic syndrome. There is emerging evidence that excessive nutrient intake promotes signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which, in turn, may lead to alterations of cellular metabolic signaling leading to insulin resistance and obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular and kidney disease, as well as cancer. While the pivotal role of mTOR signaling in regulating metabolic stress, autophagy, and adaptive immune responses has received increasing attention, there remain many gaps in our knowledge regarding this important nutrient sensor. For example, the precise cellular signaling mechanisms linking excessive nutrient intake and enhanced mTOR signaling with increased cardiovascular and kidney disease, as well as cancer, are not well understood. In this review, we focus on the effects that the interaction between excess intake of nutrients and enhanced mTOR signaling have on the promotion of obesity-associated diseases and potential therapeutic strategies involving targeting mTOR signaling.
A Conserved Region in the F <sub>2</sub> Subunit of Paramyxovirus Fusion Proteins Is Involved In Fusion Regulation (2007)

Paramyxoviruses utilize both an attachment protein and a fusion (F) protein to drive virus-cell and cell-cell fusion. F exists functionally as a trimer of two disulfide-linked subunits: F(1) and F(2). Alignment and analysis of a set of paramyxovirus F protein sequences identified three conserved blocks (CB): one in the fusion peptide/heptad repeat A domain, known to play important roles in fusion promotion, one in the region between the heptad repeats of F(1) (CBF(1)) (A. E. Gardner, K. L. Martin, and R. E. Dutch, Biochemistry 46:5094-5105, 2007), and one in the F(2) subunit (CBF(2)). To analyze the functions of CBF(2), alanine substitutions at conserved positions were created in both the simian virus 5 (SV5) and Hendra virus F proteins. A number of the CBF(2) mutations resulted in folding and expression defects. However, the CBF(2) mutants that were properly expressed and trafficked had altered fusion promotion activity. The Hendra virus CBF(2) Y79A and P89A mutants showed significantly decreased levels of fusion, whereas the SV5 CBF(2) I49A mutant exhibited greatly increased cell-cell fusion relative to that for wild-type F. Additional substitutions at SV5 F I49 suggest that both side chain volume and hydrophobicity at this position are important in the folding of the metastable, prefusion state and the subsequent triggering of membrane fusion. The recently published prefusogenic structure of parainfluenza virus 5/SV5 F (H. S. Yin et al., Nature 439:38-44, 2006) places CBF(2) in direct contact with heptad repeat A. Our data therefore indicate that this conserved region plays a critical role in stabilizing the prefusion state, likely through interactions with heptad repeat A, and in triggering membrane fusion.
A high average power dual slab Nd:glass zigzag laser system (1986)

A dual slab Nd:LHG5 glass zigzag optical path laser was constructed with single-sided pumping and tested. A single slab ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.63 \times 5.6 \times 35</tex> cm) produced 80 W in an oscillator with an accompanying distortion of only 3 fringes (632.8 nm) as measured by a single-pass interferogram through the slab. Performance was achieved by producing uniform pumping and cooling of the slabs, and by controlling the distortion at the slab ends with pump shields.
SHP2 Is Overexpressed and Inhibits pSTAT1-Mediated APM Component Expression, T-cell Attracting Chemokine Secretion, and CTL Recognition in Head and Neck Cancer Cells (2013)

These findings suggest for the first time an important role for SHP2 in APM-mediated escape of HNC cells from CTL recognition. Targeting SHP2 could enhance T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
The Molecular Structure of Perfluorocarbon Polymers. Infrared Studies on Polytetrafluoroethylene<sup>1</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Molecular Structure of Perfluorocarbon Polymers. Infrared Studies on Polytetrafluoroethylene1R. E. MoynihanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 5, 1045–1050Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01514a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01514a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views842Altmetric-Citations209LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Risk of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery--development and validation of a risk score and effect of acute kidney injury on survival: observational cohort study (2015)

SB received grants from Tenovus Tayside, Chief Scientist Office, and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow; PT receives grants from Novo Nordisk, GlaxoSmithKline, and the New Drugs Committee of the Scottish Medicines Consortium. No additional data are available.