gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DOE/NETL's Phase II Mercury Control Technology Field Testing Program:  Preliminary Economic Analysis of Activated Carbon Injection (2007)

Based on results of field testing conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL), this article provides preliminary costs for mercury control via conventional activated carbon injection (ACI), brominated ACI, and conventional ACI coupled with the application of a sorbent enhancement additive (SEA) to coal prior to combustion. The economic analyses are reported on a plant-specific basis in terms of the cost required to achieve low (50%), mid (70%), and high (90%) levels of mercury removal "above and beyond" the baseline mercury removal achieved by existing emission control equipment. In other words, the levels of mercury control are directly attributable to ACI. Mercury control costs via ACI have been amortized on a current dollar basis. Using a 20-year book life, levelized costs for the incremental increase in cost of electricity (COE), expressed in mills per kilowatt-hour (mills/kWh), and the incremental cost of mercury control, expressed in dollars per pound of mercury removed ($/lb Hg removed), have been calculated for each level of ACI mercury control. For this analysis, the increase in COE varied from 0.14 mills/kWh to 3.92 mills/kWh. Meanwhile, the incremental cost of mercury control ranged from $3810/lb Hg removed to $166000/lb Hg removed.
Using OPTIONS to Query for Operational Status in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2010)

This document describes a procedure for using the OPTIONS method
defined for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) in order to allow
one SIP entity to query the status of another SIP entity. Through
discovery of the status of a SIP entity, it is possible to expedite
session establishment or provide diagnostic information to network
administrators.
On the Growth and Microstructure of Carbon Nanotubes Grown by Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (2010)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were deposited on various substrates namely untreated silicon and quartz, Fe-deposited silicon and quartz, HF-treated silicon, silicon nitride-deposited silicon, copper foil, and stainless steel mesh using thermal chemical vapor deposition technique. The optimum parameters for the growth and the microstructure of the synthesized CNTs on these substrates are described. The results show that the growth of CNTs is strongly influenced by the substrate used. Vertically aligned multi-walled CNTs were found on quartz, Fe-deposited silicon and quartz, untreated silicon, and on silicon nitride-deposited silicon substrates. On the other hand, spaghetti-type growth was observed on stainless steel mesh, and no CNT growth was observed on HF-treated silicon and copper. Silicon nitride-deposited silicon substrate proved to be a promising substrate for long vertically aligned CNTs of length 110-130 μm. We present a possible growth mechanism for vertically aligned and spaghetti-type growth of CNTs based on these results.
The living factory: applications of artificial life to manufacturing (2002)

The paper discusses current and future applications of artificial life (ALife) to assembly line product sequencing and shop floor control. ALife offers a new methodology by which managers can explore and develop innovative manufacturing strategies. After a brief introduction to elementary concepts of artificial life, it describes three current manufacturing applications, and then outlines current and forthcoming research activities to extend the potential of distributed control and optimization strategies in manufacturing systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparability of measurement results obtained with multi-SQUID-systems of different sensor configurations (1997)

Currently several brands of multichannel SQUID-systems for application in biomagnetism are commercially available. However, these devices are widely differing in SQUID specifications, gradiometer construction, sensor configuration and other parameters. The distortion of temporal recordings of the magnetic field due to varying sensor constructions has been evaluated. Examples of cardiac measurements show clearly that such data differ from each other. Therefore, these data cannot directly be compared in multicentric clinical studies. This contribution presents a method for comparison of signals recorded with different sensor systems. This method transforms the recorded signals into signals of a reference system. The recorded signals are modeled by means of a multipole virtual generator, which is then used to compute the signals in the reference system. The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated for measurements of the heart magnetic field.
Anonymous Multi-Hop Locks for Blockchain Scalability and Interoperability (2019)

Tremendous growth in cryptocurrency usage is exposing the inherent scalability issues with permissionless blockchain technology. Payment-channel networks (PCNs) have emerged as the most widely deployed solution to mitigate the scalability issues, allowing the bulk of payments between two users to be carried out off-chain. Unfortunately, as reported in the literature and further demonstrated in this paper, current PCNs do not provide meaningful security and privacy guarantees
Tenascin-C inhibits β1 integrin-dependent T lymphocyte adhesion to fibronectin through the binding of its fnIII 1 – 5 repeats to fibronectin (1999)

The extracellular matrix consists of different proteins interacting to form a meshwork-like structure. T lymphocyte adhesion to individual matrix proteins is mainly regulated at the adhesion receptor level, but it is conceivable that the composition of the matrix itself may affect T lymphocyte adhesion to individual proteins. We have addressed the latter point by studying the effect of the matrix protein tenascin-C (TN-C) on T lymphocyte adhesion to fibronectin. Here we report that TN-C inhibits adhesion of T lymphocytes and MOLT-4 lymphoma cells to fibronectin. We demonstrate that a TN-C fragment consisting of fibronectin type III repeats 1-5 (TNfnIII 1-5) but not TNfnIII A-D and TNfnIII 6-8 inhibited alpha5beta1 and alpha4beta1 integrin-mediated T lymphocyte and MOLT-4 adhesion to fibronectin. At concentrations that did not inhibit adhesion, TNfnIII 1-5 still prevented MOLT-4 cells from spreading on fibronectin. Preincubation and co-immobilization of TNfnIII 1-5 with fibronectin was more effective in inhibiting MOLT-4 adhesion to fibronectin than soluble TNfnIII 1-5 present during the adhesion test. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay we could demonstrate binding of TNfnIII 1-5 to fibronectin and fibronectin fragments. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the TNfnIII 1-5 domain is implicated in the inhibition of T lymphocyte adhesion to fibronectin caused by TN-C, and indicate that this effect involves the binding of TN-C repeats TNfnIII 1-5 to fibronectin.
Oxidation of Ammonia (1927)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of AmmoniaGray B. TaylorCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1927, 19, 11, 1250–1252Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1927Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1927https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50215a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50215a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1462Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Regenerating Fish Optic Nerves and a Regeneration-Like Response in Injured Optic Nerves of Adult Rabbits (1985)

Regeneration of fish optic nerve (representing regenerative central nervous system) was accompanied by increased activity of regeneration-triggering factors produced by nonneuronal cells. A graft of regenerating fish optic nerve, or a "wrap-around" implant containing medium conditioned by it, induced a response associated with regeneration in injured optic nerves of adult rabbits (representing a nonregenerative central nervous system). This response was manifested by an increase of general protein synthesis and of selective polypeptides in the retinas and by the ability of the retina to sprout in culture.
Imaging of absolute electrical properties using electroquasistatic and magnetoquasistatic sensor arrays (2005)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2006.
Clinical Experiments with a Toothpaste Containing Amyloglucosidase and Glucose Oxidase (1983)

A toothpaste containing sodium fluoride and enzymes activating the antibacterial lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate system was tested in a model with sucrose-induced plaque formation. The dentifrice did not reduce the acidogenicity of dental plaque in vivo in the present study, neither did it reduce plaque formation in a test panel. A toothpaste containing SnF2 showed measurable effect in both respects.
Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Superconducting Properties of GdBa2Cu3O7- Single Domain Superconductor (2007)

The effects of neutron irradiation with a fluence of 1015 n/cm2 on the superconducting properties of GdBa2Cu3O7 single domain sample were studied. The point and cascade defects produced by the neutron irradiation were observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The cascade defects were found to have the sizes of about 4-7 nm which is comparable to the coherence lengths of high temperature superconductors. The point defects disappear while the cascades still exist through thermal annealing. The temperature dependence of magnetization for the magnetic field parallel to the crystallographic c axis shows that the neutron irradiation leads to a dramatic degradation of superconductivity for the as-irradiated sample, a decrease of critical current density (Jc), and the weakening of the fishtail effect in the Jc versus magnetic induction B curve. However, for the as-irradiated sample annealed in the flowing oxygen atmosphere, it shows that Jc under high magnetic fields is greatly enhanced, the fishtail shifts towards higher magnetic fields, and its superconductivity is partially recovered as well due to the remaining effective pinning centers of the cascades. These results suggest a prospective application for such a treated GdBa2Cu3O7 superconductor.
On the mechanism of acetylcholine formation in brain <i>in vitro</i> (1938)

Research Article| February 01 1938 On the mechanism of acetylcholine formation in brain in vitro1 Philip Jocelyn George Mann; Philip Jocelyn George Mann 1The Biochemical Laboratory, Cardiff City Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Michael Tennenbaum; Michael Tennenbaum 1The Biochemical Laboratory, Cardiff City Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Juda Hirsch Quastel Juda Hirsch Quastel 1The Biochemical Laboratory, Cardiff City Mental Hospital Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1938) 32 (2): 243–261. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0320243 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Philip Jocelyn George Mann, Michael Tennenbaum, Juda Hirsch Quastel; On the mechanism of acetylcholine formation in brain in vitro. Biochem J 1 February 1938; 32 (2): 243–261. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0320243 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1938 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1938 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Converting scripts into reproducible workflow research objects (2016)

Scientific discovery and analysis are increasingly computational and data-driven. While scripting languages, such as Python, R and Perl, are the means of choice of the majority of scientists to encode and run their data analysis, scripts are generally not amenable to reuse or reproducibility. Scripts do rarely get reused or even shared with third party scientists. We argue in this paper that the reproducibility of scripts can be promoted by converting them into workflow research objects. A workflow research object encodes a script into a production (executable) workflow that is accompanied by annotations, example datasets and provenance traces of their execution, thereby allowing third party users to understand the data analysis encoded by the original script, run the associated workflow using the same or different dataset, or even repurpose it for a different analysis. To this end, we present a methodology for converting scripts into workflow research objects in a principled manner, guided by requirements that we elicited for this purpose. The methodology exploits tools and standards that have been developed by the community, in particular YesWorkflow, Research Objects and the W3C PROV. It is showcased using a real world use case from the field of Molecular Dynamics.
Circadian Variation in Vascular Tone and Its Relation to α-Sympathetic Vasoconstrictor Activity (1991)

There is a circadian rhythm in basal vascular tone, due either partly or entirely to increased alpha-sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity during the morning. This variation may contribute to higher blood pressure and the increased incidence of cardiovascular events at this time of day.
Inhibition of vasospasm with lymphocyte function-associated antigen—1 monoclonal antibody in a femoral artery model in rats (2002)

The systemic administration of anti-LFA-1 or anti-ICAM-1 mAb initiated 3 hours after exposure to autologous blood inhibits the development of delayed chronic vasospasm at 12 days in a rat femoral artery model and leads to a significant reduction in periadventitial inflammatory cells at 24 hours. The authors conclude that blocking the migration of inflammatory cells across the endothelial surface of an artery after adventitial exposure to blood prevents the initiation of biological cascades necessary for the subsequent development of chronic vasospasm.
Identification of Oxidation Products of Squalene in Solution and in Latent Fingerprints by ESI-MS and LC/APCI-MS (2007)

An investigation was carried out to identify oxidation products of squalene (SQ) in latent fingerprints. Oxidation products of SQ incubated in solution with Rose Bengal as a photooxidizer were isolated by semipreparative HPLC-UV and identified by direct infusion ESI-MS and flow injection APCI-MS. Squalene hydroperoxides ranging from squalene monohydroperoxide (SQ-[OOH]) to SQ-[OOH]5 were identified together with SQ epoxide. SQ-[OOH] was the main oxidation product. An LC/APCI-MS method was developed and used to monitor the fate of SQ in solution and in latent fingerprints and the formation of SQ-[OOH] and SQ epoxide. SQ-[OOH] and SQ epoxide were detected in freshly deposited prints but increased markedly after 1 day and continued to increase up to 5 days after print deposition. By day 7, these substances could no longer be detected in prints. SQ was rapidly depleted from prints such that by day 7 it was no longer detected. A similar pattern was seen for SQ stored in the light in dichloromethane but with a slower formation of SQ-[OOH] and SQ epoxide. The oxidation of SQ in solution in the presence and absence of photooxidizer was shown by TLC to proceed as follows: SQ-->SQ-[OOH]+SQ epoxide. SQ-[OOH]-->SQ-[OOH]2-->SQ-[OOH]3-->SQ-[OOH]4+SQ-[OOH]5, with oxidation being more rapid in the presence of photooxidizer. SQ-[OOH]4 and SQ-[OOH]5 could still be detected at 20 days in a solution of SQ aged in solution in the absence of photooxidizer. The oxidation products of SQ should make suitable targets for development of new reagents for visualizing latent fingerprints in forensic science.
Fault-Tolerance Considerations in Large, Multiple-Processor Systems (1986)

Researcher have long conjectured upon the possibility of constructing large, massively-parallel computing engines by interconnecting many conventional processing elements to form an integrated supersystem. The rapid expansion in very large scale integration, or VLSI, circuit technology during the past decade has accelerated research in this direction. As advances in VLSI push basic component or chip functionalities to the processor level and beyond, it becomes natural to view complex processing elements as the basic components of much larger systems. Several names for such systems have been proposed, including network computers, multicomputers, and distributed multiprocessors. Despite the naming differences, these systems have the following salient features: (1) A large number of basically autonomous processing elements interconnected by a structure that allows high-bandwidth communication between them. At the system level, these processing elements and interconnection facilities are viewed as the basic components of the system. Each processing node has its own local memory and there is no sharing of memory between nodes. (2) A high degree of distribution of control or operating system functions among the processing elements. (3) Highly parallel computation performed by constructing applications as collections of several or many distinct tasks. These tasks may execute concurrently on different processors, withmore » necessary intertask communication carried out over the communication facilities linking the nodes. The collection of cooperating tasks comprising an application is sometimes referred to as a task force.« less
Capsaicin and sensory neuropeptide stimulation of goblet cell secretion in guinea‐pig trachea. (1990)

1. We studied the effect of capsaicin and sensory neuropeptides on tracheal goblet cell secretion in anaesthetized guinea‐pigs using a semi‐quantitative morphometric technique whereby the magnitude of discharge of stained intracellular mucus, expressed as a mucus score (MS), was related inversely to discharge. 2. Capsaicin (i.v.) induced goblet cell secretion: a decrease of 50% in MS below control (indicative of increased secretion) was maximal at 3.3 x 10(‐9) mol/kg. 3. Capsaicin‐induced secretion was unaffected either by prior vagus nerve section or by pre‐treatment with atropine, propranolol and phentolamine which suggests that local axon reflexes with release of sensory neuropeptides are involved in the response. 4. Intravenous substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB), and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) produced dose‐related increases in goblet cell secretion, with SP the most potent. Doses (mol/kg) causing a 50% decrease in MS from control were 3.5 x 10(‐12) for SP; 72 x 10(‐10) for NKA; 1.6 x 10(‐9) for NKB; and 1.2 x 10(‐8) for CGRP. The maximal increase in goblet cell secretion was 75% of control and occurred with SP at 10(‐10) mol/kg. 5. SP‐induced mucus discharge was not inhibited by atropine or the histamine receptor antagonists mepyramine or cimetidine. 6. We conclude that in guinea‐pig trachea, goblet cell secretion is under the control of capsaicin‐sensitive sensory nerves and release of neuropeptides from these nerves may induce mucus discharge via tachykinin receptors of the NK‐1 subtype (indicated by an order of potency of SP greater than NKA greater than NKB).
Lanelets: Efficient map representation for autonomous driving (2014)

In this paper we propose a highly detailed map for the field of autonomous driving. We introduce the notion of lanelets to represent the drivable environment under both geometrical and topological aspects. Lanelets are atomic, interconnected drivable road segments which may carry additional data to describe the static environment. We describe the map specification, an example creation process as well as the access library libLanelet which is available for download. Based on the map, we briefly describe our behavioural layer (which we call behaviour generation) which is heavily exploiting the proposed map structure. Both contributions have been used throughout the autonomous journey of the Mercedes Benz S 500 Intelligent Drive following the Bertha Benz Memorial Route in summer 2013.
Room-temperature Cu(<scp>ii</scp>)-catalyzed aromatic C–H azidation for the synthesis of ortho-azido anilines with excellent regioselectivity (2014)

Cu(ii)-catalyzed aromatic C-H azidation with azido-benziodoxolone under mild conditions has been described. The primary amine exhibits an excellent ortho-directing effect, providing ortho-azidated anilines as the sole products.
Development of Noise Abatement Approach Procedures (2004)

*This article describes initial results of an Airbus research project, aimed at the development of efficient operational noise abatement approach procedures that can be operated with in-service aircraft, either manually or in FMS managed mode. The project is focused on the Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) procedure, defined as an approach procedure without recourse to level segments below a height of typically 7000ft. After a first qualitative review, a noise and performance analysis has been performed for a number of CDA variants for Airbus A320 and A340 aircraft. The FMS approach procedure, including a level-off deceleration segment prior to glide slope intercept, was selected as baseline procedure. This procedure provides optimized performance and noise relief relative to conventional approach procedures. The first CDA analysis revealed a maximum descent angle, allowing convenient deceleration in clean configuration, of 2° and modest associated noise reduction relative to the baseline procedure. An optimized version of this CDA procedure, featuring a modified configuration change schedule, led to 5dBA noise relief relative to the baseline procedure. On an experimental basis, also CDA procedures with steep final glide slope angles were evaluated. Following these assessments, a series of A340 flight simulator tests was undertaken to evaluate in-flight characteristics and pilot perception for the selected CDA procedures. Simulations executed in manual mode enabled identification of acceptable descent flight path angles. Simulations of the same procedures in FMS managed mode provided further insight in operational feasibility and pilot workload issues.