gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A <sup>13</sup>C NMR Determination of the Comonomer Sequence Distributions in Propylene-Butene-1 Copolymers (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA 13C NMR Determination of the Comonomer Sequence Distributions in Propylene-Butene-1 CopolymersJames C. RandallCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 3, 592–597Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60063a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60063a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views502Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermal analysis of ring‐opening metathesis polymerized healing agents (2007)

Abstract Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) and 5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene (ENB) and their mixtures were analyzed after ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) in the presence of Grubbs catalyst as potential candidate healing agents for self‐healing composite materials using two complementary methods, rotational dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Following isothermal DMA measurements at room temperature (RT = 25 °C) for 120 min, two consecutive dynamic temperature scan experiments were performed for each system. In the first dynamic temperature scans, there was an initial downward peak slightly above RT in the storage modulus versus temperature curve for samples with relatively slower reaction rates (i.e., DCPD and DCPD‐rich mixtures or low catalyst loadings) due to a combination of the glass transition followed by further residual reaction. However, no or negligible downward peaks were observed for the highly reactive ENB and ENB‐rich samples even at much lower catalyst loadings. Implications of the substantial decrease in storage modulus just above RT for the slowly reacting systems are discussed for healing of damage in composite materials at elevated temperatures. The maximum glass transition temperatures ( T g∞ ) from DMA of the fully cured samples were determined to be approximately 160 °C for DCPD and 120 °C for ENB, decreasing linearly with increased ENB in the blends. The glass transitions and further residual reactions above the glass transitions were confirmed by DSC. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1771–1780, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of a new green‐emitting poly(phenylenevinylene) derivative containing alkylsilylphenyl pendant (2000)

A new type of processable green-emissive polymer containing alkylsilylphenyl units was synthesized via Gilch polymerization. The resulting polymer was soluble in organic solvents and was spin-cast to make a thin film. A light-emitting diode was fabricated by the polymer being sandwiched between indium tin oxide and metal electrodes. A strong green emission at 524 nm was observed from the various device configurations made by the newly synthesized polymer. The polymer had a strong absorption band around 427 nm that was attributable to a π–π* transition of the conjugated segments of the polymer. A current–voltage–luminance curve showed typical rectifying diode characteristics. The polymer had a very high molecular weight (number-average molecular weight = ∼300,000) with a polydispersity of about 3 and good thermal stability up to 400 °C. The brightness at 13 and 17 V was about 1000 and 5900 cd/m2, respectively. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4185–4193, 2000
Broad temperature plateau for high ZTs in heavily doped p-type SnSe single crystals (2015)

The increased number of carrier pockets near the Fermi level and the optimized carrier concentration in doped SnSe single crystal can lead to a high average<italic>ZT</italic><sub>ave</sub>∼ 1.2 from 300 K to 800 K and a peak<italic>ZT</italic><sub>max</sub>value in excess of 2.0 at 800 K along the crystallographic<italic>b</italic>-axis.
Combined Multipath Routing and Congestion Control: a Robust Internet Architecture (2005)

Network management is complicated by uncertain traffic patterns and workloads. Flexible routing schemes mitigate some of the problems by making the exact location of capacity less important: if there is available capacity the routing scheme will find it. In this paper we propose a combined multipath routing and congestion control architecture that gives performance improvements to the end user and simplifies network dimensioning. We advocate multihoming and stepping stone routers to provide path diversity, and a congestion controller and path selection algorithm that automatically balances traffic across the lowest cost paths. A notable feature of a multipath congestion controller is that it cannot be tuned to a single RTT, hence it differs from standard TCP with respect to RTT bias. Scalability of the architecture results from implementing the algorithms at end-systems. We illustrate on network topologies of interest the performance impact of our architecture: active use of two paths can (i) halve response times and (ii) double the load that a network can carry.
Mosaic (2018)

Contemporary discrete GPUs support rich memory management features such as virtual memory and demand paging. These features simplify GPU programming by providing a virtual address space abstraction similar to CPUs and eliminating manual memory management, but they introduce high performance overheads during (1) address translation and (2) page faults. A GPU relies on high degrees of thread-level parallelism (TLP) to hide memory latency. Address translation can undermine TLP, as a single miss in the translation lookaside buffer (TLB) invokes an expensive serialized page table walk that often stalls multiple threads. Demand paging can also undermine TLP, as multiple threads often stall while they wait for an expensive data transfer over the system I/O (e.g., PCIe) bus when the GPU demands a page. In modern GPUs, we face a trade-off on how the page size used for memory management affects address translation and demand paging. The address translation overhead is lower when we employ a larger page size (e.g., 2MB large pages, compared with conventional 4KB base pages), which increases TLB coverage and thus reduces TLB misses. Conversely, the demand paging overhead is lower when we employ a smaller page size, which decreases the system I/O bus transfer latency. Support for multiple page sizes can help relax the page size trade-off so that address translation and demand paging optimizations work together synergistically. However, existing page coalescing (i.e., merging base pages into a large page) and splintering (i.e., splitting a large page into base pages) policies require costly base page migrations that undermine the benefits multiple page sizes provide. In this paper, we observe that GPGPU applications present an opportunity to support multiple page sizes without costly data migration, as the applications perform most of their memory allocation en masse (i.e., they allocate a large number of base pages at once).We show that this en masse allocation allows us to create intelligent memory allocation policies which ensure that base pages that are contiguous in virtual memory are allocated to contiguous physical memory pages. As a result, coalescing and splintering operations no longer need to migrate base pages.
Multi-touch rotation gestures (2013)

Rotations performed with the index finger and thumb involve some of the most complex motor action among common multi-touch gestures, yet little is known about the factors affecting performance and ergonomics. This note presents results from a study where the angle, direction, diameter, and position of rotations were systematically manipulated. Subjects were asked to perform the rotations as quickly as possible without losing contact with the display, and were allowed to skip rotations that were too uncomfortable. The data show surprising interaction effects among the variables, and help us identify whole categories of rotations that are slow and cumbersome for users.
Linking Parenchymal Disease Progression to Changes in Lung Mechanical Function by Percolation (2007)

The concept of percolation may explain why the development of symptoms related to lung function and the development of parenchymal pathology often do not progress together.
Mechanism for femtosecond laser pulse patterning of self-assembled monolayers on gold-coated substrates (2007)

Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) patterning on gold thin films was performed using 800 nm, 118 fs laser pulses. SAM removal was ablative and was observed at fluences near the multishot ablation threshold for the thin gold film. Line widths six times smaller than the 2 e-folding intensity beam diameter were observed demonstrating sub-diffraction limited patterning with femtosecond lasers. Similar experimental results in air and N2 indicated that the removal process does not involve oxidation of the gold-sulfur bond as was claimed in the literature.
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter---Design and Operating Characteristics (1975)

The hazards of electrical shock are well known. Now, however, new technological developments have led to the design and manufacture of reliable and economical devices to detect and interrupt hazardous ground fault currents. Ground fault circuit interrupters are presently available which provide a great measure of personnel protection. This paper describes the operational characteristics of these devices and summarizes the stringent standards of performance that they must meet.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding Low Bandgap Polymer PTB7 and Optimizing Polymer Solar Cells Based on It (2014)

Abstract Review: 88 refs.
Realms and states (2001)

Location awareness is an important part of context-aware mobile computing. We present the idea of logical location contexts which provides enhanced privacy and supports specialized notions of distance, and offers a paradigm that unifies location with other types of context. This is developed in the form of a framework consisting of realms, which are collections of spatial states, with realm-maps providing mappings between realms. The lowest realm relies on raw (physical) location. Multiple arbitrary realms are allowed to co-exist. Many applications do not necessarily need access to raw location. With our model, such applications access only states in specified realms of interest, thus supporting location privacy. Policies guard such access at the granularity of realms and states. Provision for specialized realm-specific and state-specific notions of distance enables spatial awareness and reasoning. The framework is presented formally. The ensuing architecture has good properties with respect to privacy, manageability, distribution of computation and scalability.
3. Approaches to Architecture-Aware Parallel Scientific Computation (2006)

Modern parallel scientific computation is being performed in a wide variety of computational environments that include clusters, large-scale supercomputers, grid environments, and metacomputing environments. This presents challenges for application and library developers, who must develop architecture-aware software if they wish to utilize several computing platforms efficiently. Architecture-aware computation can be beneficial in single-processor environments. It takes the form of something as common as an optimizing compiler, which will optimize software for a target computer. Application and library developers may adjust data structures or memory management techniques to improve cache utilization on a particular system [21]. Parallel computation introduces more variety and, with that, more need and opportunity for architecture-specific optimizations. Heterogeneous processor speeds at first seem easy to account for by simply giving a larger portion of the work to faster processors, but assumptions of homogeneous processor speeds may be well hidden. If all processor speeds are the same, differences between uniprocessor nodes and symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) nodes may be important. Computational and communication resources may not be dedicated to one job, and the external loads on the system may be highly dynamic and transient. Interconnection networks may be hierarchical, leading to nonuniform communication costs. Even if targeting only homogeneous systems, the relative speeds of processors, memory, and networks may affect performance. Heterogeneous processor architectures (e.g., Sparc, x86) present challenges for portable software development and data format conversions. Some operating systems may provide support for different programming paradigms (e.g., message passing, multithreading, priority thread scheduling, or distributed shared memory).
Human Opsonins Induced during Meningococcal Disease Recognize Transferrin Binding Protein Complexes (1999)

Patient serum opsonins against transferrin binding protein A+B (TbpA+B) complexes from two Neisseria meningitidis strains (K454 and B16B6, with 85- and 68-kDa TbpB, respectively) were quantified by a functional phagocytosis and oxidative burst assay. TbpA+B complexes adsorbed to fluorescent beads were opsonized with individual acute and convalescent sera from 40 patients infected by a variety of meningococcal strains. Flow cytometric quantitation of leukocyte phagocytosis products (PP) demonstrated that disease-induced serum opsonins recognized TbpA+B, and the highest anti-TbpA+B serum opsonic activities were found between admission to hospital and 6 weeks later. The PP values obtained with TbpA+B from strain B16B6 (PP(B16B6)) were higher than those obtained with TbpA+B from strain K454 (PP(K454)), with both acute and convalescent sera (P < 0.0001), and correlated positively with higher immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers against TbpA+B from strain B16B6 than from strain K454 (P < 0.001). In spite of considerable variations between individuals, significant correlations were found between the PP(B16B6) and PP(K454) values, and the PP values did not depend on the variability of the TbpB proteins of the disease-causing strains. Simultaneously measured oxidative burst activity correlated closely with the PP values. We conclude that highly cross-reactive anti-TbpA+B serum opsonins are produced during meningococcal disease. The anti-TbpA+B opsonic activities were not affected by the variability of the TbpB proteins of the disease-causing strains, which further adds to the evidence for the vaccine potential of meningococcal TbpA+B complexes.
Studies on Necessary of Reading Comics and Discussions in Cartoon Education (2008)

This is a study about importance of reading comics and discussions highlighted on anthropological perspective as a proper way of education. In introduction, we broght in the issues about failure of the past cartoon education in responding adequately to the flow of current comic book industry, as it has been biased to technical education which resulted in negligence of studies about meaning and function of cartoon. On the other hand, emphasizing the need for cartoon education complemented cultural and academic aspects, we presented reading comics and discussions as an alternative. The challenges we need to pay attention throughout reading comics and discussions have considered in all its aspects specifically like creative process of cartoon, coping with social prejudice against cartoon, study about aesthetic value of cartoon, the role of cartoon in cultural democracy, issue about postcolonialism, multiple popularity and etc.
Experimental evaluation of two new sensors for respiratory rate monitoring (1993)

Visual observation was chosen as the reference method for measuring the respiratory rate in ten healthy volunteers. The new fibre-optic and acoustic sensors were simultaneously compared with capnography and transthoracic impedance plethysmography during normoventilation in the respiratory rate range of 6-24 breaths per minute and at a fixed respiratory rate of 13 breaths per minute. In addition a simulation of central apnoea was performed. All the measurements were recorded on an analogue tape recorder and a strip-chart recorder and analysed off line. The analyses of the recordings were performed by a person who was unable to see the monitoring systems. There was no discrepancy in the results of these methods. Each of the methods responded rapidly to an apnoeic event. The new fibre-optic and acoustic sensors correlate well with more traditional methods such as capnography and transthoracic impedance plethysmography for respiratory rate monitoring.
Viscosity and Voluminosity of Bovine Milk Casein Micelles (1973)

We have surveyed methods for determining the voluminosity and hydration of casein micelles from viscosity measurements. Results by previous workers who applied the Einstein viscosity equation to concentrated casein solutions or used the empirical Eilers equation for concentrated solutions are reviewed. A more rigorous and reliable procedure is to determine intrinsic viscosities by extrapolating relative viscosities to infinite dilution. Several experimental procedures for performing such dilutions, so as to make the intrinsic viscosity reflect the properties only of the casein micelles and not of soluble proteins, are discussed and applied to several pooled milk samples. The voluminosity of casein micelles determined by intrinsic viscosity is about 4.4 ___ .3 ml/g at 25 C; the Einstein and Eilers equations overestimate and underestimate this, respectively. The hydration determined from voluminosity measurements is 3.7g water per gram protein. This is about twice the hydration measured from the water content of casein micelles pellets. The discrepancy may arise from squeezing out of the water from the pellets by the high hydrostatic pressures in the ultracentrifuge. Addition of 10% sucrose to skimmilk reduces the voluminosity by about 20g while further sucrose addition has little effect.
Microbial transformation of azacarbazoles. VII. Antitumor properties of benzo-alpha-iso-carbolines formed by Kitasatosporia setae strain from corresponding benzo-alpha-carbolines. (1987)

2,3-Benzo-alpha-carboline, 7,8-benzo-alpha-carboline and their 4-methyl derivatives were subjected to microbial conversion yielding corresponding benzo-alpha-iso-carbolines. All obtained products showed significant antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. ID50 values were found to be at range 0.01-0.001 microM/ml, regarding in vitro KB tumor cells system data. It has been found that introduction of methyl group at para-position to the nitrogen of pyridine nucleus strongly increases cytotoxic and microbial activity of benzo-alpha-iso-carbolines. Apparently it has been indicated that antitumor activity of benzo-alpha-iso-carbolines is strongly dependent on shape and size of the molecule. Of all the compounds tested only 2,3-benzo-1,4-dimethyl-alpha-iso-carboline increases life span of leukemia P388 bearing mice up to 160%.
Superelectrophiles and the Effects of Trifluoromethyl Substituents (2010)

Trifluoromethyl-substituted superelectrophiles were generated in superacid (CF(3)SO(3)H), and their chemistry was examined. The strong electron-withdrawing properties of the trifluoromethyl group are found to enhance the electrophilic character at cationic sites in superelectrophiles. This leads to greater positive-charge delocalization in the superelectrophiles. These effects are manifested by the unusual chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities shown by the superelectrophiles in chemical reactions.
A simulation study of the kinetics of passage of CO2 and N2 through the liquid/vapor interface of water (1999)

The rate of passage of molecules of carbon dioxide and nitrogen through the vapor–liquid interface of water at 300 K is studied by simulation. Previous work has established the form of the free energy profile which has a minimum when the solute molecule is on the surface and a barrier between this state and solution in the bulk liquid. In one set of simulations, trajectories were initiated in the gas phase. From these, the average lifetime of molecules in the surface is determined to be considerably longer than the inverse of the energy relaxation rate, so that the sticking coefficient is one and exiting molecules have no memory of their original velocities. However, most molecules do return to the gas phase rather than entering the bulk solution. The rate of passage of molecules over the free energy barrier is studied using the reactive flux method with trajectories initiated near the top of the barrier. The results for nitrogen, in particular, give a good plateau in the time-dependent transmission coefficient and hence a reliable rate constant. The results from these two sets of simulations are combined to give an effective interface width which is used to determine the permeability of thin water films. These results are compared to experimental permeabilities of thin Newton black soap films. The rate-determining step for solution in bulk water is not passage through the few Ångstroms width of the interface we study, but rather the transport from the vicinity of the interface into the bulk over the larger distance scale of μm.
On-Body Performance of a Wearable Single-Layer RFID Tag (2012)

The effects of the human body on a wearable radio frequency identification (RFID) tag at 866 MHz are presented. We concentrate on the effect of the varying antenna-body separation distance on the antenna properties. The results of the three-dimensional radiation pattern measurements are presented. A 6-m read range, -6 dBi realized gain, and 12% antenna efficiency are achieved when this antenna is worn on the body.
Age-Related Changes in Passive Avoidance Retention: Modulation with Dietary Choline (1980)

Two studies were performed to evaluate the effects of dietary choline manipulation on behavior in mice. Retired breeder mice (8.5 months old) were placed on purified diets that were either deficient in free choline or choline-enriched. After 4.5 months, the mice were trained in a single-trial, passive avoidance task and tested for retention either 24 hours or 5 days later. Their performance was compared with that of mice, of various ages, that were maintained on a control diet. The two salient findings were (i) a dramatic decrease in retention of the task in senescent mice (23 months and older) and (ii) marked behavioral differences between choline-deficient and choline-enriched mice (13 months old). In fact, the choline-enriched mice performed as well as 3-month-old mice, whereas the choline-deficient mice performed as poorly as the senescent mice. In a replication, three groups of retired breeder mice were placed on the same choline-deficient diet; control and enriched groups were given choline through their drinking water. Again, retention of learning was superior in the choline-enriched mice and inferior in the choline-deficient mice. These studies demonstrate that dietary manipulation of choline can significantly alter behavior in ways that are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those occurring across the life-span of the mouse. Thus certain behavioral changes that occur with age might be modulated through appropriate precursor control.