gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multitarget Tracking Video System Based on Fuzzy and Neuro-Fuzzy Techniques (2005)

Automatic surveillance of airport surface is one of the core components of advanced surface movement, guidance, and control systems (A-SMGCS). This function is in charge of the automatic detection, identification, and tracking of all interesting targets (aircraft and relevant ground vehicles) in the airport movement area. This paper presents a novel approach for object tracking based on sequences of video images. A fuzzy system has been developed to ponder update decisions both for the trajectories and shapes estimated for targets from the image regions extracted in the images. The advantages of this approach are robustness, flexibility in the design to adapt to different situations, and efficiency for operation in real time, avoiding combinatorial enumeration. Results obtained in representative ground operations show the system capabilities to solve complex scenarios and improve tracking accuracy. Finally, an automatic procedure, based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, has been applied in order to obtain a set of rules from representative examples. Validation of learned system shows the capability to learn the suitable tracker decisions.
Novel magnetoresistance effect in layered magnetic structures: Theory and experiment (1990)

We study magnetoresistivity in ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic multilayers both theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical approach uses a Boltzmann equation with spin-dependent bulk and interface scattering. We show that the resistivity increases when the magnetizations of the ferromagnetic films rotate from the parallel alignment to the antiparallel one. Bulk and interface contributions are studied numerically as a function of the electron mean free path and film thickness, and we show that these two effects produce characteristically different results. Experimentally we investigated both epitaxial and polycrystalline (Fe/Cr${)}_{\mathit{n}}$/Fe multilayers with n=1, 2, and 4. In this system the antiparallel alignment is achieved by an antiferromagnetic coupling between the Fe layers across the Cr interlayer. We also found large magnetoresistance effects in Co/Au/Co structures where the antiparallel alignment of the Co magnetizations was obtained by different coercive fields in the two Co films. A detailed comparison of the theoretical and experimental results for epitaxial Fe/Cr structures shows good agreement.
Phase II Trial of Tremelimumab (CP-675,206) in Patients with Advanced Refractory or Relapsed Melanoma (2010)

Tremelimumab showed an objective response rate of 6.6%, with all responses being durable > or =170 days since enrollment, suggesting a potential role for tremelimumab in melanoma.
Analysis on Connectivity of Inter-Orbit-Links in a MEO/LEO Double-Layer Satellite Network (2006)

As an important scheme of future global mobile satellite communication systems to provide multimedia service, a Double-Layer Satellite Network (DLSN) with MEO satellites and LEO satellites is proposed. The Inter-Orbit-Links (IOLs) between layers is an essential factor, which affects the performances of the DLSN systems. Considering certain constellation parameters, the geometric characteristics of IOLs are described and the connectivity of MEO satellites and LEO satellites in the DLSN is analyzed. By computer simulation, the results show that IOLs should be selectively established according to certain parameters rather than the simple in-sight principle.
Dispersive multiplexing in multimode fiber (2002)

A novel multiplexing technique for multimode fiber is presented. The technique uses modal dispersion to dramatically increase the information capacity of multimode fiber. A simple proof-of-principle experiment is shown that demonstrates the feasibility of this idea.
Chlamydospore-like Cell-inducing Substances of Fungi: Close Correlation between Chemical Reactivity with Methylamine and Biological Activity (1988)

Lunatoic acid A and (–)-mitorubrinic acid have been isolated as chlamydospore-like cell-inducing substances from Cochliobolus lunatus. (+)-Sclerotiorin, (+)-rotiorin, citrinin and sclerin were shown to have the same activity. Although they share no common structural feature, all these active substances react with methylamine. The reaction products do not have this activity. The reaction curves showed a positive correlation between the chemical reactivity of chlamydospore-like cell-inducing substances with methylamine and their biological activities.
A robust synthesis of N-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide via azidonitration/reduction (2014)

A novel synthetic route leading to N-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a bacterial glycopeptide of particular interest in studies of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), is described. The synthetic strategy hinges on the alkylation of benzylidene-protected glucal with 2-bromopropionic acid and thus circumvents a challenging and non-reproducible SN2 step at the C-3 position of glucosamine derivatives. The subsequent sequence includes an azidonitration and an unusual azide reduction/acylation step via an aza ylide/oxaphospholidine intermediate. This approach generates a protected N-glycolyl MDP that can be either subjected to a one-step global deprotection or differentially deprotected to obtain further derivatives.
Effects of coronary occlusion on high-frequency content of the epicardial electrogram and body surface electrocardiogram. (1987)

The very high-frequency content (150 to 250 Hz) of epicardial electrogram waveforms was studied in 19 anesthetized dogs subjected to occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. Computer techniques of digital averaging and digital band-pass filtering were applied. Signals were obtained from epicardial electrodes placed in the ischemic left ventricular region and on the noninjured right ventricular surface, and from the body surface electrocardiogram. All recordings were made simultaneously before, during, and after coronary occlusion and subjected to the same analysis. The waveforms obtained from the ischemic left ventricular region showed a considerable decrease in high-frequency content, while those obtained from the noninjured right ventricular surface remained unchanged. The results correlated with the appearance of a zone of reduced amplitude in the body surface high-frequency QRS complex. Therefore, this macroscopic phenomenon measured noninvasively from the body surface is explained by local reduction of high-frequency activity in the ischemic region of the myocardium.
Application to Photoreactive Materials of Photochemical Generation of Superbases with High Efficiency Based on Photodecarboxylation Reactions (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunicationNEXTApplication to Photoreactive Materials of Photochemical Generation of Superbases with High Efficiency Based on Photodecarboxylation ReactionsKoji Arimitsu* and Ryosuke EndoView Author Information Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 22, 4461–4463Publication Date (Web):October 29, 2013Publication History Received8 July 2013Revised18 October 2013Published online8 November 2013Published inissue 26 November 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm4022485https://doi.org/10.1021/cm4022485rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4237Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Aromatic compounds,Coating materials,Irradiation,Quantum yield Get e-Alerts
A Human-Information-Processing Approach to Strategic Change (1996)

The information-processing view has become an integrative framework for organizational design (Tushman and Nadler, 1978). Galbraith (1972, 1977) developed a comprehensive contingency model in which organizational design is conceptualized as the means for matching the information-processing capacity of the organization with the information-processing requirements of the situation that it faces. By unifying environmental, technological, and size variables in terms of their impact on organizational structure, this approach effectively positions information processing as the core of the organization's strategic realignment to its situation. The rapid development of information technology has radically changed the possibilities for organizations to increase their information-processing capacity. The capacity of a computer has increased at the same time as the weight, space, and cost per capacity unit have
Linomide, a novel immunomodulator that prevents death in four models of septic shock (1993)

Intravenous injections of 50 micrograms Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are lethal, provided that mice are simultaneously sensitized with either N-galactosamine (GalN) or the anti-glucocorticoid RU-38486. Similar to the synthetic glucocorticoid (GC) receptor agonist dexamethasone, pharmacological doses of the immunomodulator linomide (quinoline-3-carboxamide) prevent death in all four models of lethal septic shock (LPS + GalN, LPS + RU-38486, SEB + GalN, and SEB + RU-38486) and inhibit the secretion of tumor necrosis factor, one of the major intermediate effector molecules of SEB and LPS toxicity. In this system, cyclosporine A (CsA), although effective in suppressing SEB toxicity, fails to counteract the lethal effect of LPS. This observation, together with the fact that linomide acts in the presence of excess amounts of GC receptor antagonist, indicates that linomide functions in a different way to that of known immunosuppressive agents like CsA and GC.
Picture detection in document page images (2010)

We present a method for picture detection in document page images, which can come from scanned or camera images, or rendered from electronic file formats. Our method uses OCR to separate out the text and applies the Normalized Cuts algorithm to cluster the non-text pixels into picture regions. A refinement step uses the captions found in the OCR text to deduce how many pictures are in a picture region, thereby correcting for under- and over-segmentation. A performance evaluation scheme is applied which takes into account the detection quality and fragmentation quality. We benchmark our method against the ABBYY application on page images from conference papers.
Synphilin-1A: An aggregation-prone isoform of synphilin-1 that causes neuronal death and is present in aggregates from α-synucleinopathy patients (2006)

alpha-Synucleinopathies are a group of neurological disorders characterized by the presence of intracellular inclusion bodies containing alpha-synuclein. We previously demonstrated that synphilin-1 interacts with alpha-synuclein, implying a role in Parkinson's disease. We now report the identification and characterization of synphilin-1A, an isoform of synphilin-1, which has enhanced aggregatory properties and causes neurotoxicity. The two transcripts encoding synphilin-1A and synphilin-1 originate from the SNCAIP gene but differ in both their exon organization and initial reading frames used for translation. Synphilin-1A binds to alpha-synuclein and induces the formation of intracellular aggregates in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, primary neuronal cultures, and human dopaminergic cells. Overexpression of synphilin-1A in neurons results in striking cellular toxicity that is attenuated by the formation of synphilin-1A inclusions, which recruit alpha-synuclein. Synphilin-1A is present in Lewy bodies of patients with Parkinson's disease and Diffuse Lewy Body disease, and is observed in detergent-insoluble fractions of brain protein samples obtained from Diffuse Lewy Body disease patients. These findings suggest that synphilin-1A may contribute to neuronal degeneration in alpha-synucleinopathies and also provide important insights into the role of inclusion bodies in neurodegenerative disorders.
A GTP-binding protein regulates the activity of (1–>3)-beta-glucan synthase, an enzyme directly involved in yeast cell wall morphogenesis. (1994)

Synthesis of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, the major structural component of the yeast cell wall, is synchronized with the budding cycle. Membrane-bound, GTP-stimulated (1-->3)-beta-glucan synthase was dissociated by stepwise treatment with salt and detergents into two soluble fractions, A and B, both required for activity. Fraction A was purified about 800-fold by chromatography on Mono Q and Sephacryl S-300 columns. During purification, GTP binding to protein correlated with synthase complementing activity. A 20-kDa GTP-binding protein was identified by photolabeling in the purified preparation. This preparation no longer required GTP for activity, but incubation with another fraction from the Mono Q column (A1) led to hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP with a concomitant return of the GTP requirement. Thus, fraction A1 appears to contain a GTPase-activating protein. These results show that the GTP-binding protein not only regulates glucan synthase activity but can be regulated in turn, constituting a potential link between cell cycle controls and wall morphogenesis.
Microbial β-Glucanases Different from Cellulases (1991)

The beta-glucans different from cellulose are the most abundant class of polysaccharides. They are found in microorganisms and higher plants as structural entities of cell wall, as cytoplasmic and vacuolar reserve materials, and as extracellular substances. Enzyme systems capable to hydrolyze beta-glucans are produced by different microorganisms. The occurrence and nature of beta-glucanases and their substrates are reviewed. The regulation of biosynthesis of these enzymes, their properties, substrate and product specificities, mode of action and molecular cloning are described. The participation of beta-glucanases in the morphogenetic events of yeast cell is presented. The role and synergism of different types of 1,3-beta-glucanases in microbial cell wall lysis and the potential application for isolation of intracellular materials like proteins, carbohydrates, enzymes and as an analytical tool are discussed in the light of current knowledge.
Cloud detection of remote sensing images on Landsat-8 by deep learning (2018)

Cloud is always the weak and even uninformative area inevitably existing in the remote sensing images, and greatly limits the development of remote sensing applications. Accurate and automatic detection of clouds in satellite scenes is a key problem for the application of remote sensing images. Most of the previous methods use the low-level feature of the cloud, which often generate error results especially with thin cloud or in complex scenes. In this paper, we propose a novel cloud detection method based on deep learning framework for remote sensing images. The designed deep Convolution Neural Network (CNN) which can mine the deep features of cloud consists of three convolution layers and three fully-connected layers. Using the designed network model, we can predict the probability of each image that belongs to cloud region, and then generate the cloud probability map of the image. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we test it on Landsat-8 satellite images. The overall accuracy of our proposed method for cloud detection is higher than 95%. Experimental results indicate that both thin and thick cloud can be well detected with higher accuracy and robustness using our method.
Adipocyte-derived exosomes may promote breast cancer progression in type 2 diabetes (2021)

Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are associated with metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Here, we investigated the critical cellular and molecular factors behind this link. We found that primary human adipocytes shed extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, that induced the expression of genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem–like cell (CSC) traits in cocultured breast cancer cell lines. Transcription of these genes was further increased in cells exposed to exosomes shed from T2D patient–derived adipocytes or insulin-resistant adipocytes and required the epigenetic reader proteins BRD2 and BRD4 in recipient cells. The thrombospondin family protein TSP5, which is associated with cancer, was more abundant in exosomes from T2D or insulin-resistant adipocytes and partially contributed to EMT in recipient cells. Bioinformatic analysis of breast cancer patient tissue showed that greater coexpression of <i>COMP</i> (which encodes TSP5) and <i>BRD2</i> or <i>BRD3</i> correlated with poorer prognosis, specifically decreased distant metastasis–free survival. Our findings reveal a mechanism of exosome-mediated cross-talk between metabolically abnormal adipocytes and breast cancer cells that may promote tumor aggressiveness in patients with T2D.
A RNA antagonist of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, EZN-2968, inhibits tumor cell growth (2008)

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in angiogenesis, survival, metastasis, drug resistance, and glucose metabolism. Elevated expression of the alpha-subunit of HIF-1 (HIF-1alpha), which occurs in response to hypoxia or activation of growth factor pathways, is associated with poor prognosis in many types of cancer. Therefore, down-regulation of HIF-1alpha protein by RNA antagonists may control cancer growth. EZN-2968 is a RNA antagonist composed of third-generation oligonucleotide, locked nucleic acid, technology that specifically binds and inhibits the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA. In vitro, in human prostate (15PC3, PC3, and DU145) and glioblastoma (U373) cells, EZN-2968 induced a potent, selective, and durable antagonism of HIF-1 mRNA and protein expression (IC(50), 1-5 nmol/L) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions associated with inhibition of tumor cell growth. Additionally, down-regulation of HIF-1alpha protein by EZN-2968 led to reduction of its transcriptional targets and of human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation. In vivo, administration of EZN-2968 to normal mice led to specific, dose-dependent, and highly potent down-regulation of endogenous HIF-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in the liver. The effect can last for days after administration of single dose of EZN-2968 and is associated with long residence time of locked nucleic acid in certain tissues. In efficacy studies, tumor reduction was found in nude mice implanted with DU145 cells treated with EZN-2968. Ongoing phase I studies of EZN-2968 in patients with advanced malignancies will determine optimal dose and schedule for the phase II program.
A NEW FAMILY OF GENERALIZED GAMMA DISTRIBUTION AND ITS APPLICATION (2014)

The mixture distribution is defined as one of the most important ways to obtain new probability distributions in applied probability and several research areas. According to the previous reason, we have been looking for more flexible alternative to the lifetime data. Therefore, we introduced a new mixed distribution, namely the Mixture Generalized Gamma (MGG) distribution, which is obtained by mixing between generalized gamma distribution and length biased generalized gamma distribution is introduced. The MGG distribution is capable of modeling bathtub-shaped hazard rate, which contains special submodels, namely, the exponential, length biased exponential, generalized gamma, length biased gamma and length biased generalized gamma distributions. We present some useful properties of the MGG distribution such as mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis and hazard rate. Parameter estimations are also implemented using maximum likelihood method. The application of the MGG distribution is illustrated by real data set. The results demonstrate that MGG distribution can provide the fitted values more consistent and flexible framework than a number of distribution include important lifetime data; the generalized gamma, length biased generalized gamma and the three parameters Weibull distributions.
Robotic application of the vision system for object distancing and ranging (2002)

This research activity is being carried out between the Canadian Space Agency and the Royal Military College of Canada. The objective is to develop a vision system for object distancing and ranging using a robotic arm. A small camera is attached to the gripper of a robotic arm, which acquires the images of the objects in its field of view. The images are available to the operator controlling the process. The selected images are processed and a closed-form algorithm for photogrammetry is employed to determine the kinematic parameters of the objects. Once the objects are identified, the robotic arm is used to perform required tasks (pick and place, for example). The system can scan the whole search volume automatically, thus reducing the workload of the operator.
Evaluation of some 1H-pyrazole derivatives as a dual acting antimalarial and anti-leishmanial agents. (2014)

The synthesis of a novel series of 1H-pyrazole derivatives was achieved by condensation of pyrazole aldehyde 1 with hydrazine hydrate to give hydrazone 7. On the other hand, cyclization of α,β-unsaturated ketone counterpart 2 using hydrazine hydrate in liquid aliphatic acids rendered compounds 4-6 and hydrazine hydrate in ethanol afforded compound 3. The later was allowed to react with aroyl chloride giving rise to compounds 8, 9. All compounds were tested for their in vivo anti-malarial and in vitro antileishmanial activities. The anti-malarial activity was performed using Plasmodium berghei infected mice, while the anti-leishmanial activity of the compounds was determined against Leishmania aethiopica promastigotes using alamar blue reduction assay. Compound 3, 1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-4-[3-(2-thienyl)-2-pyrazolin-5-yl]-1H-pyrazole, possessed the highest anti-malarial activity with suppression of 70.26%. The highest anti-leishmanial activity was exhibited by compound 2, 1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-4-[1-(2-thienyl)-prop-2-en-1-one]-1H-pyrazole, with an IC50 of 0.079μg/ml. Hydrazone 7 showed appreciable dual anti-malarial (suppression = 62.30%) and anti-leishmanial activity (IC50 = 1.823μg/ml).
Underwater Communication (1956)

To test several types of voice and code signals, communication was carried on over the conventional submarine underwater telephone between two submerged submarines. The signals included normal speech, differentiated and clipped speech, quarter-speed speech, and multiple-tone Morse code. It was found that normal speech was received at least as reliably as any of the more elaborate signals tried.