gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The short term exposition of AgNO3 on 3T3 mouse fibroblasts cell line. (2007)

There is an increasing interest in using of silver coated (silver nitrate, silver alloy, silver oxide) catheters for hospital patients. Clinical trials with silver-coated urinary catheters have shown conflicting results. The most often performed catheterization is for a short period of time. The above observations have encouraged the authors to investigate the influence of silver nitrate (AgNO3) on 3T3 fibroblasts viability in vitro during a short time experiment (3 and 12 h). 3T3 fibroblast culture was established. The influence of AgNO3 on the viability of murine 3T3 fibroblasts with the use of trypan blue staining was evaluated. The regression curves and lethal concentrations for 90, 50 and 10% viability were calculated. The lethal concentrations of AgNO3 after 3 h exposition were as follows LC10=0.98, LC50=6.44 and LC90=21.38. The lethal concentrations of AgNO3 after 12 h exposition were as follows LC10=1.05, LC50=6.91 and LC90=22.96. The LC values were similar for 3 and 12 h exposure as well. In conclusion, the silver nitrate has the similar toxic effect on 3T3 fibroblasts during the short and long exposition. Attention should be paid when catheter has a close contact to injured urothelium even for a short period of time.
Phytochemicals as Protectors Against Ultraviolet Radiation: Versatility of Effects and Mechanisms (2008)

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the most abundant carcinogens in our environment, and the development of non-melanoma skin cancers, the most common type of human malignancy worldwide, represents one of the major consequences of excessive exposure. Because of growing concerns that the level of UV radiation is increasing as a result of depletion of the stratospheric ozone and climate change, the development of strategies for protection of the skin is an urgent need. Many phytochemicals that belong to various families of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids (caffeine, sanguinarine), flavonoids [(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate, genistein, silibinin], carotenoids ( beta-carotene, lycopene), and isothiocyanates (sulforaphane), offer exciting platforms for the development of such protective strategies. These phytochemicals have been consumed by humans for many centuries as part of plant-rich diets and are presumed to be of low toxicity, an essential requirement for a chemoprotective agent. Mechanistically, they affect multiple signalling pathways and protect against UV radiation-inflicted damage by their ability to act as direct and indirect antioxidants, as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents. Such "pluripotent character" is a critical prerequisite for an agent that is designed to counteract the multiple damaging effects of UV radiation. Especially attractive are inducers of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, which controls the gene expression of proteins whose activation leads to enhanced protection against oxidants and electrophiles. Such protection is comprehensive, long-lasting, and unlikely to cause pro-oxidant effects or interfere with the synthesis of vitamin D.
Coordinated regulation of transcriptional repression by the RBP2 H3K4 demethylase and Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2 (2008)

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins regulate important cellular processes such as embryogenesis, cell proliferation, and stem cell self-renewal through the transcriptional repression of genes determining cell fate decisions. The Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is highly conserved during evolution, and its intrinsic histone H3 Lys 27 (K27) trimethylation (me3) activity is essential for PcG-mediated transcriptional repression. Here, we show a functional interplay between the PRC2 complex and the H3K4me3 demethylase Rbp2 (Jarid1a) in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. By genome-wide location analysis we found that Rbp2 is associated with a large number of PcG target genes in mouse ES cells. We show that the PRC2 complex recruits Rbp2 to its target genes, and that this interaction is required for PRC2-mediated repressive activity during ES cell differentiation. Taken together, these results demonstrate an elegant mechanism for repression of developmental genes by the coordinated regulation of epigenetic marks involved in repression and activation of transcription.
On numerical differentiation algorithms for nonlinear estimation (2002)

Practical methods of differentiating a signal known only through its online samples are much needed, given the numerous areas in control theory and practice where differentiation is encountered. This communication presents theoretical as well as implementation details on several numerical differentiation algorithms which may be useful in the area of nonlinear estimation. In particular, these algorithms may be used as ingredients for alternative solutions to the long-standing problem of observer design for nonlinear systems.
The effect of short-term administration of (-)-deprenyl and isatin on the expressions of some genes in the mouse brain cortex. (2008)

The results suggest that isatin and (-)-deprenyl have some common target genes and this supports the idea that isatin may be an endogenous partial functional agonist of (-)-deprenyl. Since GAPDH mRNA expression is sensitive to the pharmacological treatments, these results also question the applicability of GAPDH as a reference gene in gene expression studies.
Introduction to Learning Disabilities (1976)

I.THE FIELD OF LEARNING DISABILITIES. 1.Ongoing Issues and Themes. 2.Causes. II.EDUCATIONAL PLANNING FOR STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES. 3.Educational Approaches. 4.Assessment. 5.Service Delivery Models. III.DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING DISABILITIES. 6.Parents and Families. 7.Prevention and Intervention in Early Childhood. 8.Transition Programming in Adolescence and Adulthood. IV.STRATEGIES FOR HELPING STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES TO ADJUST AND ADAPT. 9.Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems. 10.Cognitive, Metacognitive, Motivational, and Attention Problems. V.STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES IN KEY CONTENT AREAS. 11.Teaching Students with Oral Language Problems. 12.Teaching Students with Reading Problems. 13.Teaching Students with Writing Problems. 14.Teaching Students with Mathematics Problems.
Enzyme-producing bacteria isolated from fish gut: a review (2012)

Digestion of food depends on three main factors: (i) the ingested food and the extent to which the food is susceptible to the effects of digestive enzymes, (ii) the activity of the digestive enzymes and (iii) the length of time the food is exposed to the action of the digestive enzymes. Each of these factors is affected by a multitude of secondary factors. The present review highlights the experimental results on the secondary factor, enzymatic activity and possible contribution of the fish gut microbiota in nutrition. It has been suggested that fish gut microbiota might have positive effects to the digestive processes of fish, and these studies have isolated and identified the enzyme-producing microbiota. In addition to Bacillus genera, Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, Photobacterium, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, unidentified anaerobes and yeast are also suggested to be possible contributors. However, in contrast to endothermic animals, it is difficult to conclude the exact contribution of the gastrointestinal microbiota because of the complexity and variable ecology of the digestive tract of different fish species, the presence of stomach and pyloric caeca and the relative intestinal length. The present review will critically evaluate the results to establish whether or not intestinal microbiota do contribute to fish nutrition.
Characterization of a Carcinogenesis Rat Model of Ovarian Preneoplasia and Neoplasia (2004)

Animal models of ovarian cancer are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and for testing new treatment strategies. A model of ovarian carcinogenesis in the rat was modified and improved to yield ovarian preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions that pathogenetically resemble human ovarian cancer. A significantly lower dose (2 to 5 mug per ovary) of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) was applied to the one ovary to maximally preserve its structural integrity. DMBA-induced mutagenesis was additionally combined with repetitive gonadotropin hormone stimulation to induce multiple cycles of active proliferation of the ovarian surface epithelium. Animals were treated in three arms of different doses of DMBA alone or followed by hormone administration. Comparison of the DMBA-treated ovaries with the contralateral control organs revealed the presence of epithelial cell origin lesions at morphologically distinct stages of preneoplasia and neoplasia. Their histopathology and path of dissemination to other organs are very similar to human ovarian cancer. Hormone cotreatment led to an increased lesion severity, indicating that gonadotropins may promote ovarian cancer progression. Point mutations in the Tp53 and Ki-Ras genes were detected that are also characteristic of human ovarian carcinomas. Additionally, an overexpression of estrogen and progesterone receptors was observed in preneoplastic and early neoplastic lesions, suggesting a role of these receptors in ovarian cancer development. These data indicate that this DMBA animal model gives rise to ovarian lesions that closely resemble human ovarian cancer and it is adequate for additional studies on the mechanisms of the disease and its clinical management.
Transulnar catheterization in patients with ipsilateral radial artery occlusion (2012)

In patients with RAO, ipsilateral transulnar catheterization may not be an absolute contraindication. Our results suggest that extensive collaterals from the anterior interosseous artery may be the reason for protection against hand ischemia in the setting of RAO.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Growth of β‐Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanowires by Arc Discharge. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Asymmetric Diels−Alder Reaction of Methacrolein with Cyclopentadiene Using Polymer-Supported Catalysts:  Design of Highly Enantioselective Polymeric Catalysts (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTAsymmetric Diels−Alder Reaction of Methacrolein with Cyclopentadiene Using Polymer-Supported Catalysts: Design of Highly Enantioselective Polymeric CatalystsKoichi Kamahori, Koichi Ito, and Shinichi ItsunoView Author Information Department of Materials Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441, Japan Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 23, 8321–8324Publication Date (Web):November 15, 1996Publication History Received18 March 1996Published online15 November 1996Published inissue 15 November 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960518ehttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960518ebrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views944Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Chemical structure,Nucleic acid structure,Polymers,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
New Methods for the Preparation of Aromatic Aldehydes (2003)

Abstract This review aims to provide an overview of the use of oligoformylamine derivatives and related compounds as formylating reagents for aromatic compounds. The synthesis of aromatic aldehydes by means of Fries rearrangement of aryl formates is also reported on. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Antioxidant Enzymes and Diabetic Retinopathy (2007)

The aim of this study was to discuss the serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities with diabetic retinopathy severity. Twenty-five patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR group 1), 25 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR group 2), and 25 nondiabetic controls (control group) were included in the study. Patients who had macrovascular complications of diabetes (coronary arterial disease, periferic vascular disease) were excluded. The major finding of our study was that we did not observe any differences between group 1 and 2, which we aimed to discuss the severity of diabetic retinopathy. As the levels of SOD and Zn were not different between the groups, statistically significant differences were observed for GSH, NO, and Cu levels when compared to control group. AOPP levels were statistically increased in group 1 compared to control group. It can be suggested that hyperglycemia in DM is associated with accelerated nonenzymatic glycation and oxidative stress.
The new route for realization of 1‐μm‐pixel‐pitch high‐resolution displays (2019)

Abstract A new pixel structure for the realization of a 1‐μm‐pixel‐pitch display was developed. This structure, named vertically stacked thin‐film transistor (VST), was based on the conventional back‐channel etched thin‐film transistor (TFT), but all the layers except the horizontal gate line were vertically stacked on the embedded data line, enabling the implementation of high‐resolution display panels. The VST device with a channel length of 1 μm showed a high field effect mobility of more than 50 cm 2 /Vs and low subthreshold slope of 78 mV per decade. It also shows a high uniform electrical characteristic over the entire 6‐in. wafer. The development of a new pixel architecture is expected to enable the implementation of 1‐μm‐pixel‐pitch high‐resolution displays such as spatial light modulators for digital holograms.
Immunomodulators in tick saliva and their benefits (2013)

Ticks are significant bloodsucking ectoparasites. Apart from causing blood loss and host skin damage, ticks are important vectors of tick-borne pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals as well as significant economic loss. For biological success, ticks evolved these substances with immunomodulatory activities capable of inhibiting host defence reactions (haemostasis, inflammation and immunity reactions), and which have a radical significance for their survival. The resulting feeding site represents a favourable environment and many pathogens began exploiting ticks to facilitate their transmission to the host. The structural-functional relationships of some salivary compounds have been outlined; however research on tick sialomas indicates that further extensive exploration is required on the subject. Also, tick saliva is a complex pharmacological component with great therapeutic potential for the treatment for some diseases.
Thiazolides: A New Class of Drugs for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B and C (2008)

Nitazoxanide, the first thiazolide, was originally developed for the treatment of Cryptosporidium parvum. The antiviral activity of nitazoxanide was discovered by serendipity in patients with AIDS who were treated for cryptosporidial diarrhea and had HBV or HCV co-infection. In preliminary open-label studies of patients with chronic hepatitis B, nitazoxanide suppressed serum HBV DNA and led to loss or seroconversion of hepatitis B e antigen in the majority of patients, as well as hepatitis B surface antigen in approximately a quarter of patients. In Phase II studies of patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4, nitazoxanide combined with peginterferon alfa-2a, with or without ribavirin, increased the sustained virologic response rate to 79-80 versus 50% with peginterferon plus ribavirin standard of care. Randomized, controlled studies of naive and nonresponder patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 and patients with chronic hepatitis B are underway, and new second generation thiazolides are being developed.
Sparfloxacin in the treatment of leprosy patients (1997)

Seven men (age range, 20-33 years) with leprosy visited our dermatologic clinic at Yokohama City University Hospital (Table 1) and were entered into a trial of sparfloxacin (SPFX), 100-200 mg daily for up to 1 year. Five patients were Japanese Brazilians or Paraguayan from South America, and two patients were Filipinos. Examination procedures included a detailed medical history, pretreatment, clinical examinations, and body charting of the characteristic skin lesions, areas of anesthesia, and enlarged peripheral nerves. There were no deformities observed in any patient. All had presented with eruptions and neurologic problems. The diagnosis of leprosy and its type were determined by the above examination, skin smear, and histopathologic study, as well as Mitsuda reaction. The first patient came from the Philippines and presented to our clinic in 1993. There were many elevated erythemas with central healing on his whole body. Sensory nerves were impaired. His type was lepromatous (LL) leprosy. The second patient was followed for only 1 month because of a change in residence. The third and fourth patients were brothers. The fifth patient came from Paraguay. The sixth patient was from the Philippines. The seventh patient came to our clinic in April 1995.
Mobile Agent Based Messaging Mechanism for Emergency Medical Data Transmission Over Cellular Networks (2007)

Healthcare environment integrate several health care services through a high degree of mutual work, mobility and information access from many devices and artifacts. Sharing of information through a fast and reliable transmission media among the services will have a significant impact. The rapid developments in mobile communication technologies and new generations of mobile devices allow users access to stored data even when they travel. This capability has elicited emergency medical data transmission over cellular network. In this paper, we have proposed a message framework for emergency medical data transmission and an agent based implementation mechanism. The HL7 messaging format, a standard adopted for medical data transmission is discussed. The messaging mechanism is used in AMMA; an agent based mobile middleware architecture for reliable transmission of patient data from the ambulance to the hospital over code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular network.
Tn<i>5</i> as a model for understanding DNA transposition (2003)

Tn5 is an excellent model system for understanding the molecular basis of DNA-mediated transposition. Mechanistic information has come from genetic and biochemical investigations of the transposase and its interactions with the recognition DNA sequences at the ends of the transposon. More recently, molecular structure analyses of catalytically active transposase; transposon DNA complexes have provided us with unprecedented insights into this transposition system. Transposase initiates transposition by forming a dimeric transposase, transposon DNA complex. In the context of this complex, the transposase then catalyses four phosphoryl transfer reactions (DNA nicking, DNA hairpin formation, hairpin resolution and strand transfer into target DNA) resulting in the integration of the transposon into its new DNA site. The studies that elucidated these steps also provided important insights into the integration of retroviral genomes into host DNA and the immune system V(D)J joining process. This review will describe the structures and steps involved in Tn5 transposition and point out a biologically important although surprising characteristic of the wild-type Tn5 transposase. Transposase is a very inactive protein. An inactive transposase protein ensures the survival of the host and thus the survival of Tn5.
Fast Photonic Switch Architecture for Interconnect Applications (2018)

A fast photonic switching architecture is proposed for interconnection in computing and datacentre. Use of both modular switching building blocks and an intelligent routing scheme offer a nonblocking, scalable, fast routing time of O(logN) and very low same wavelength crosstalk.
Identification of a new antitubercular drug candidate, SQ109, from a combinatorial library of 1,2-ethylenediamines (2005)

Compound SQ109 with an MIC of 0.7-1.56 microM (H37Rv, Erdman and drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis), an SI of 16.7 and 99% inhibition activity against intracellular bacteria, demonstrated potency in vivo and limited toxicity in vitro and in vivo, and was selected for further development.
Detection performance improvement of FMCW radar using frequency shift (2011)

Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars have been widely used for measuring target range and speed. In this paper, we present a mathematical model that quantifies the system-level performance of FMCW radar systems. In FMCW radar, the target range is measured through measuring the beat frequency between the transmitted and received signal, usually by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). One drawback of this approach is that when the beat frequency of a target is not on the FFT grid, both the detection probability and the false alarm rate (FAR) performances are degraded. In this paper, we propose a new detector, using frequency shifts, that improves the detection probability for off the grid targets at a cost of a slight increase in FAR.
Non-thermal laser driven plasma-blocks for proton boron avalanche fusion as direct drive option (2017)

Fusion energy from protons reacting with 11B, HB11, is extremely difficult or impossible when using thermal ignition by laser irradiation. This changes radically when using picosecond laser pulses with powers above petawatts dominated by nonlinear force driven ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks for a non-thermal initiation of igniting solid density HB11 fuel. For a cylindrical trapping of the reaction, laser produced ultrahigh magnetic fields above kiloTesla, have to be combined. The experimentally confirmed highly increased HB11 fusion gains due to avalanche reaction may lead to a scheme of an environmentally clean and economic power reactor.