gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning and Functional Reconstitution of a Urate Transporter/Channel (1997)

Maintenance of urate homeostasis requires urate efflux from urate-producing cells with subsequent renal and gastrointestinal excretion. The molecular basis for urate transport, however, has not been identified. A novel full-length cDNA encoding a 322-amino acid protein, designated UAT (urate transporter), has been cloned from a rat renal cDNA library by antibody screening. UAT mRNA transcripts that approximate 1.55 kilobases are present, but differentially expressed in various rat tissues. Recombinant UAT protein that was expressed from the cloned cDNA in Escherichia coli and purified via immobilized metal affinity chromatography has been functionally reconstituted as a highly selective urate transporter/channel in planar lipid bilayers. The IgG fraction of the polyclonal antibody that was used to select the UAT clone from the cDNA library, but not nonimmune IgG, blocked urate channel activity. Based on the wide tissue distribution of the mRNA for UAT we propose that UAT provides the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion.
Characterization of novel anti-IL-26 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases including psoriasis (2019)

Interleukin (IL)-26, known as a Th17 cytokine, acts on various cell types and has multiple biological functions. Although its precise role still remains to be elucidated, IL-26 is suggested to be associated with the pathology of diverse chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. To develop novel neutralizing anti-human IL-26 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for therapeutic use in the clinical setting, we immunized mice with human IL-26 protein. Hybridomas producing anti-IL-26 mAbs were screened for various <i>in vitro</i> functional assays, STAT3 phosphorylation and antibiotic assays. Although the IL-20RA/IL-10RB heterodimer is generally believed to be the IL-26 receptor, our data strongly suggest that both IL-20RA-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in IL-26-mediated stimulation. We also investigated the potential therapeutic effect of anti-IL-26 mAbs in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like murine model using human <i>IL-26</i> transgenic mice. These screening methods enabled us to develop novel neutralizing anti-human IL-26 mAbs. Importantly, administration of IL-26-neutralizing mAb did not have an effect on the antimicrobial activity of IL-26. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that our newly developed anti-human IL-26 mAb is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diverse chronic inflammatory diseases including psoriasis.
Light Stamping Lithography: Microcontact Printing without Inks (2005)

We report a new patterning method, called light-stamping lithography (LSL), that uses UV-induced adhesion of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). LSL is based on the direct transfer of the contact surface of the PDMS stamp to a substrate via a UV (254 nm)-induced surface bonding between the stamp and the substrate. This procedure can be adopted in automated printing machines that generate patterns with a wide range of feature sizes on diverse substrates. To demonstrate its usefulness, the LSL method was applied to prepare several PDMS patterns on a variety of substrates. The PDMS patterns were then used as templates for selective deposition of TiO2 thin film using atomic layer deposition as well as resists for selective wet etching.
Improved M-FOCUSS Algorithm With Overlapping Blocks for Locally Smooth Sparse Signals (2008)

The focal underdetermined system solver (FOCUSS) algorithm has already found many applications in signal processing and data analysis, whereas the regularized M-FOCUSS algorithm has been recently proposed by Cotter for finding sparse solutions to an underdetermined system of linear equations with multiple measurement vectors. In this paper, we propose three modifications to the M-FOCUSS algorithm to make it more efficient for sparse and locally smooth solutions. First, motivated by the simultaneously autoregressive (SAR) model, we incorporate an additional weighting (smoothing) matrix into the Tikhonov regularization term. Next, the entire set of measurement vectors is divided into blocks, and the solution is updated sequentially, based on the overlapping of data blocks. The last modification is based on an alternating minimization technique to provide data-driven (simultaneous) estimation of the regularization parameter with the generalized cross-validation (GCV) approach. Finally, the simulation results demonstrating the benefits of the proposed modifications support the analysis.
Arylation Chemistry for Bioconjugation (2018)

Bioconjugation chemistry has been used to prepare modified biomolecules with functions beyond what nature intended. Central to these techniques is the development of highly efficient and selective bioconjugation reactions that operate under mild, biomolecule compatible conditions. Methods that form a nucleophile-sp<sup>2</sup> carbon bond show promise for creating bioconjugates with new modifications, sometimes resulting in molecules with unparalleled functions. Here we outline and review sulfur, nitrogen, selenium, oxygen, and carbon arylative bioconjugation strategies and their applications to modify peptides, proteins, sugars, and nucleic acids.
Machine learning using template matching applied to object tracking in video data (2019)

This paper presents the algorithms for tracking a moving object through video data using template matching. As the object translates and rotates, the template is adaptively updated so that the object is never lost while in frame. The algorithms were developed in MATLAB and applied to a video of a quadcopter in flight in both visible and infrared imagery. The normalized cross-correlation algorithm is the core of the research, providing an invariant of scale method to perform the template match. Then a bounding box is applied to the matched area and center of mass centroiding allow the object to be tracked frame-to-frame.
Optimal bit allocation for MPEG-4 multiple video objects (2005)

In this paper, we present an optimal bit allocation algorithm for multiple video objects (MVO's) in MPEG-4 video coding. We combine the rate-distortion models for texture and shape information to achieve the accurate rate control. To optimize the bit allocation for multiple video objects, we use the dynamic programming (DP). The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the MPEG-4 verification model not only in terms of buffer stability but the objective quality.
Choroidal Oximetry With a Noninvasive Spectrophotometric Oximeter (2013)

Purpose.: The purpose of the study was to establish a new technology to measure hemoglobin oxygen saturation in human choroidal vasculature with a noninvasive spectrophotometric oximeter. Methods.: The fundus camera–based oximeter captures dual-wavelength oximetry images of the fundus and calculates optical density ratio (ODR), which is inversely related to hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Sixteen healthy and lightly pigmented individuals were imaged during normoxia and six during both normoxia and pure oxygen breathing (hyperoxia). ODR was measured for choroidal vessels, vortex veins, and retinal arterioles and venules. Results.: ODR was 0.10 ± 0.10 (mean ± SD) for choroidal vessels, 0.13 ± 0.12 for vortex veins, 0.22 ± 0.04 for retinal arterioles, and 0.50 ± 0.09 for retinal venules. Inhalation of pure oxygen lowered ODR levels in all vessel types; the decrease was 0.035 ± 0.028 in choroidal vessels (P = 0.029, paired t-test), 0.022 ± 0.017 in the retinal arterioles (P = 0.022, paired t-test), and 0.246 ± 0.067 in retinal venules (P = 0.0003, paired t-test). Conclusions.: The ODR can be measured noninvasively in the choroidal vessels of lightly pigmented individuals and is significantly lower in choroidal vessels than in retinal arterioles. This may suggest higher oxygen saturation but is also compatible with the reduced contrast of choroidal vessels at both wavelengths that is expected from scattering of light within the choroid. The decrease of ODR during hyperoxia was significant for all vessel types, which confirms that the oximeter is sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation in both choroidal and retinal vessels.
Degradation of the First-Generation Grubbs Metathesis Catalyst with Primary Alcohols, Water, and Oxygen. Formation and Catalytic Activity of Ruthenium(II) Monocarbonyl Species (2003)

The first-generation Grubbs metathesis catalyst (PCy3)2Ru(CHPh)(Cl)2 (1) was reacted with primary alcohols at 70 °C to give the monohydride species (PCy3)2(CO)Ru(Cl)(H) (4) in ∼20% yield. Addition of either an inorganic or organic base greatly facilitated the formation of the hydride, and 4 could be isolated in >70% yield in the case of 1-propanol and triethylamine. Analysis of the reaction products and labeling experiments revealed that 4 was formed via a noncatalytic alcohol dehydrogenation pathway. When benzyl alcohol was used, (PCy3)2(CO)Ru(Cl)(Ph) (5) was formed, this also being one of the products of the decomposition of 1 by oxygen in both solid and solution states. Complexes 4 and 5 were found to be active and selective alkene double-bond isomerization catalysts.
CNTO 859, a humanized anti-tissue factor monoclonal antibody, inhibits experimental metastasis and tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer xenograft models (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

3004 

Tissue factor (TF) is a cell surface receptor that plays a critical role in hemostasis by acting as the primary initiator of the extrinsic clotting cascade. TF has been shown to be overexpressed on tumor cells and intra-tumoral endothelial cells in most major tumor types. TF activity is thought to be a major contributor to the thrombotic complications of cancer and plays an important role in tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In these studies we sought to determine the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities of the anti-TF antibody CNTO 859. CNTO 859 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to TF on cells with high affinity and inhibits TF activity by preventing Factor X from binding to the TF-Factor VIIa complex. CNTO 859 inhibits TF initiated coagulation of human plasma in vitro with an EC50 of 10 μg/mL. In the studies presented here we demonstrate that anti-TF therapy with CNTO 859 significantly inhibits the metastasis and growth of MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma xenografts in SCID/Beige mice. Pre-treatment of SCID/Beige mice with CNTO 859 (20 mg/kg, i.v.) two hours prior to tumor cell challenge prevented lung surface colonization by human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells introduced via the lateral tail vein. Inhibition of metastasis formation was virtually complete with approximately 1000-fold fewer observable lesions in the CNTO 859 treated groups (either single bolus or q7d x 8) relative to saline (p=0.006) or control antibody (p=0.004) treated cohorts (Wilcoxon rank sum test, n=8). In a second model, MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells were orthotopically implanted into the mammary fat pad of SCID/Beige mice. Intravenous treatment with CNTO 859 was initiated 3 days after tumor cell implantation. Animals were dosed at 20, 10, 5, 1, and 0.1 mg/kg (q7d x 8). Tumor growth was potently inhibited by greater than 90% at all dose levels relative to control antibody treated animals (0.0031<p< 0.0106, Wilcoxon two-sample test using t-distribution). These results suggest an important role for TF in tumor metastasis and growth in these models and that CNTO 859 may have utility in treating human cancers in the clinical setting.
Framing the perfect strawberry: An exercise in consumer-assisted selection of fruit crops (2012)

While hands-on, focus-group-based testing may be used to measure consumer preference, other computationally-based methods have also proven effective in testing opinions and sentiment toward a product. The IdeaMap ® approach presents online, human subjects with a suite of attributes that define a given product. The subjects rate the product as these attributes change in various combinations. Upon analysis, individual attributes of the product, identified as consistently favorable or unfavorable, become apparent. In applying this methodology to strawberries, three-hundred and six subjects representing a broad cross-section of demographics from the United States were surveyed. The subjects rated perceived strawberry fruits based on appearance, texture, health benefits, flavor, point of purchase, and how they were consumed. Results from these experiments define the individual elements of a strawberry that contribute to or detract from an “ideal” strawberry experience. Furthermore, the results of this study indicate that sweetness and complex flavors are the most important attributes, while perceived health benefits had little influence on consumer preference. The point of purchase can have a strong positive or negative effect, depending on the demographic fraction. Additional analysis of these results illustrate that there is not a single, perfect strawberry. Specific likes, dislikes and preferences change with ethnicity, age, gender, urban or suburban location, education and marital status. The results from this study can help shape breeding priorities as well as provide important guidance for marketing to specific demographics in the interest of increasing strawberry consumption.
Sensorless control of induction motor drives (2002)

Controlled induction motor drives without mechanical speed sensors at the motor shaft have the attractions of low cost and high reliability. To replace the sensor the information on the rotor speed is extracted from measured stator voltages and currents at the motor terminals. Vector-controlled drives require estimating the magnitude and spatial orientation of the fundamental magnetic flux waves in the stator or in the rotor. Open-loop estimators or closed-loop observers are used for this purpose. They differ with respect to accuracy, robustness, and sensitivity against model parameter variations. Dynamic performance and steady-state speed accuracy in the low-speed range can be achieved by exploiting parasitic effects of the machine. The overview in this paper uses signal flow graphs of complex space vector quantities to provide an insightful description of the systems used in sensorless control of induction motors.
1.54 μm infrared photoluminescence and electroluminescence from an erbium organic compound (2000)

Infrared emission at 1.54 μm excited optically and electrically from an erbium organic compound tris(acetylacetonato)(1,10-phenanthroline) erbium [Er(acac)3(phen)] is observed. The rare-earth complex is dispersed into a polymer matrix of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) to fabricate an electroluminescent (EL) device with an ITO/PVK:Er(acac)3(phen)/Al:Li/Ag structure, where ITO represents indium–tin–oxide-coated glass. The device shows infrared EL emission at 1.54 μm, which suggests a simple and cheap method to obtain a light source for 1.54-μm-wavelength devices in optical communications.
<title>Fluorescence-lifetime-based sensing: applications to clinical chemistry and cellular imaging</title> (1993)

Measurements of fluorescence lifetimes, rather than intensity or intensity ratios, offer many advantages in clinical chemistry and imaging. However, measurements of time-resolved fluorescence are normally associated with complex laser light sources and instrumentation. In this lecture, we show how emerging technology is enabling the design and use of simple instrumentation for time-resolved fluorescence. In particular, it is now possible to imagine lifetime-based measurements of blood gases and blood glucose, and lifetime imaging of calcium and other ions in microscopic samples.
Effect of sintering parameters on the electrical and the piezoelectric properties of double-calcined (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04) (Nb0.96Sb0.04) O3 nanopowders (2015)

The present work is an attempt towards understanding the effect of sintering parameters on the various morphological, electrical and piezoelectric properties of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04) (Nb0.96Sb0.04) O3 (KNLNS) ceramics. We first synthesized the powder composition from various raw materials by using a conventional solid-state reaction method followed by high-energy ball milling. The powder sample was then sintered under various sintering conditions with temperatures ranging from 1050°C to 1090°C and durations from 2 h to 3 h. The ceramic samples so obtained were then characterized for various properties. The density was found to increase significantly within a narrow temperature range, but tended to decrease when the sintering temperature slightly exceeded the optimal one. Also, by merely reducing the duration of sintering from 3 h to 2 h while keeping the temperature constant, we observed an enhancement in the density of the ceramics by about 10% ~ 20%. The room-temperature dielectric constant (εRT), the electromechanical coupling factor (k p ) and the piezoelectric charge constant (d 33) were found to vary with the sintering parameters. The study reveals the necessity for striking a strict balance between the sintering temperature and the sintering period in order to improve the microstructural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of such a ceramic composition containing highly-volatile alkaline members.
Double Suicide Gene (Cytosine Deaminase and Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase) but Not Single Gene Transfer Allows Reliable Elimination of Tumor Cells <i>In Vivo</i> (1998)

Suicide genes such as cytosine deaminase (CD) and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (TK) encode products that convert nontoxic substances (prodrugs) into toxic metabolites. Suicide gene transfer is currently being used in cancer therapy or can be used as a safety modality. To analyze the reliability of suicide genes as a safety modality for a vaccination study with viable cytokine/B7 gene-modified tumor cells, the individual and combined efficacy of the two suicide genes was compared for in vitro and in vivo cell killing of a murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (TS/A). To adapt the system to an in vivo gene delivery situation, bulk cultures cotransfected with the CD and TK gene were used instead of selected clones. In vitro, both CD and TK conferred sensitivity to the respective prodrug but the combined cytotoxic effects of both gene products were always superior. For in vivo analysis BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously with CD- and TK-modified TS/A cells, treated with prodrugs, and tumor size was evaluated for a period of 100 days. In the in vivo situation the combination of both enzyme/prodrug systems was again most effective. The highest single concentration of 5-FC (500 mg/kg) or GCV (100 mg/kg) was not able to fully protect the animals from developing tumors, whereas a combination of 5-FC (250 mg/kg) and GCV (50 mg/kg) resulted in complete tumor eradication. In nude mice treated in the same way, most CD/TK tumors could not be eliminated. Furthermore, BALB/c mice cured of TS/A-CD/TK tumors developed a systemic tumor immunity against challenge with parental TS/A cells. These findings indicate that reliable tumor elimination by the suicide genes depends on T cells. The cooperative effect of both suicide genes was confirmed in vitro with the human renal cell carcinoma line RCC26. We conclude that TK and CD together, but neither gene alone, act as a safety mechanism for the elimination of tumor cells in a reliable fashion and suggest that a rapid and quantitative antigen release by effective TK- and CD-mediated tumor destruction is necessary for T cell immunity to develop.
Weight Loss During 12 Weeks' Ad Libitum Carbohydrate‐Rich Diet in Overweight and Normal‐Weight Subjects at a Danish Work Site (1996)

The effect of 12 week's ad libitum carbohydrate-rich, low-fat diet on total body weight, lean body mass, and fat mass was studied in a group of healthy subjects at a Danish work-site (I) (n = 50, BMI = 28.4 +/- 0.7 kg/m2). Sixteen subjects served as controls (C) (BMI = 27.0 +/- 1.0 kg/m2). After 12 weeks the I subjects had decreased their fat intake from 39.0 +/- 1.1 energy-% (E%) to 28.0 +/- 1.2 E% and increased their carbohydrate intake from 46.0 +/- 1.1 E% to 56.4 +/- 1.1. E% (p < 0.05 vs. C). Moreover, a significant loss of body weight (4.2 +/- 0.4 kg) and fat mass (4.4 +/- 0.6 kg) was observed in I (p < 0.05 vs. C). The weight loss in I was not regained at 24 and 52 weeks' follow-up (82% of I participating) compared to baseline. The cost per kg lost weight amounted to $14.7 / person. In conclusion, instructions at a work site in ad libitum intake of a carbohydrate-rich, low-fat diet resulted in a significant loss of body weight and fat mass in overweight and normal-weight subjects.
THE EXPLORATION INTO ASIAN PERSPECTIVES OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT/INTERVENTION FOR EDUCATIONAL SITES (2013)

Our Asian leading figures in psychology have been mainly occupied in introducing Western psychology. Many researches had been conducted based on Western theories about psychological problems and ways to support among educational sites in Asian country. In fact, however, there are several differences of the problems between Asian and Western countries. Higher average levels of depression were reported in university students from Asian country (Steptoe et. al., 2007) and aspects of the symptoms were different compare to Westerners, for example. In this symposium, we will overview several educational and psychological problems in Japan, Korea and China; and are trying to discover Asian perspectives of health psychological support/Intervention for Educational Sites. The relationship between psychological stressors and psychosomatic symptoms among public junior high school students in Japan will be reported. Based on the analyses by generalized mixed model, the minute causal effect is explained, that had not been found by past researches based on generalized linear model. The present school situation on Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region will be explained from large country, China. The needs of health psychological support will be also discussed based on the report of the situation. The Korean school problems are reporting, especially about smart phone addiction among children and adolescents. The addiction problem will spread throughout Asian countries as the industrial proceeds of communication terminal equipment; so, we may learn lots of things from the practice of health psychological support for the problem in Korea. Moreover, novel way of stress management education for foreign nurses and caregivers candidate in Japan will be informed in this symposium. Through these presentations, we will discuss similarities and/or differences of educational problems and ways of support for those between Asian countries; and possibility of introducing ways of support/intervention into different cultures in Asia.