gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Si homojunction far-infrared detectors (1998)

A 48 μm cutoff wavelength (λc) Si far-infrared (FIR) detector is demonstrated. Internal photoemission over a Si interfacial work-function of a homojunction consisting of molecular beam epitaxy grown multilayers (p+ emitter layers and intrinsic layers) is employed. The detector shows high responsivity over a wide wavelength range with a peak responsivity of 12.3±0.1 A/W at 27.5 μm and detectivity D* of 6.6×1010 cmHz/W. The λc and bias dependent quantum efficiency agree well with theory. Based on the experimental results and the model, Si FIR detectors (40–200 μm) with high performance and tailorable λcs can be realized using higher emitter layer doping concentrations.
Polarization-insensitive tunable liquid crystal Fabry-Perot filter incorporating polymer liquid crystal waveplates (1998)

A polarization-insensitive, tunable nematic liquid crystal Fabry-Perot filter incorporating polymer liquid crystal waveplates within the Fabry-Perot cavity is presented. The performance of the filter is evaluated experimentally, and theoretically verified using computational modeling techniques. Fabrication tolerance parameters are considered through theoretical experiments using the numerical model. A typical experimental filter yielded 12 nm tuning range with 13 VAC of applied voltage, with a finesse of 7 at the design wavelength 1550 nm.
Therapeutic use of Immunomodulators in Endometritic cows and their effect on WBC and RBC indices (2012)

Forty crossbred cows with endometritis in estrus were divided into four groups each comprised of ten animals treated with single intrauterine (IU) infusion of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), single dose of Oyster Glycogen (OG) IU, 50 ml Autologus Plasma (AP) IU daily for three days and single infusion dose of Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) as control. Haematological estimation (WBC and RBC indices) was done before treatment and at post treatment subsequent estrus. A state of leucocytosis, neutrophilia and anaemia was prevailed pre-treatment evaluation. At post-treatment, subsequent estrus all the parameters returned significantly (P<0.01) towards normal in all the treatment groups except control. The recovery rate assessed was 100%, 80%, 60% and 20% respectively in four groups which coincided with corresponding post-treatment WBC and RBC indices. Hence, inference could be drawn that E. Coli LPS, OG and AP can effectively be used as alternative to antibiotics without any adverse effect on haemopoietic system.
Mercuric Fluoride, a New Fluorinating Agent (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMercuric Fluoride, a New Fluorinating AgentAlbert L. Henne and Thomas Midgley Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1936, 58, 6, 884–887Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1936https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01297a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (439 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
P-047 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2014)

The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased. In Chile information is scarce. Our aim was to determine epidemiologic and clinical changes in patients with IBD at our institution. This is a retrospective descriptive study of a cohort of IBD patients enrolled in a registry in a private Chilean hospital, started on 2012, with patients diagnosed between 1976 and July of 2014. It includes clinical, imaging, endoscopic and pathological information of the patients. A total of 398 IBD patients (57% female) were enrolled in our registry, including 287 (72.1%) with ulcerative colitis (UC), 101 (25.3%) with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 10 with non-classifiable IBD. The median age was 35 years (range: 18–86). The UC/CD ratio was 2.8/1. Most of our patients were diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 (69.6%) with a significant increase (P <0.001) comparing to past decades (Figure 1). In both, UC and CD diagnose peaks were between age 20 and 29 years, equally distributed between genders (Figure 2). According to the Montreal classification, UC patients had proctitis (E1), left colitis (E2) and extensive colitis (E3) in 30.7%, 19.2% and 50.1%, respectively. In CD, ileal involvement (L1), colonic (L2) and ileocolonic disease (L3) were observed in 32.7%, 39.6% and 26.7% of patients. Inflammatory (B1), stricturing (B2) and penetrating (B3) behavior were reported in 82.2%, 9.9% and 6.9% of CD patients. Twenty-nine percent of CD patients had additional perianal disease and 4 patients (4%) upper GI involvement. Nine patients switched from UC to CD, and 5 CD patients changed their disease behavior, 4 from B1 to B2 and 1 from B1 to B3. In UC, 25 patients increased the extension of disease (11 from E1 to E2, 7 from E2 to E3 and 7 from E1 to E3). Thirty-five percent of UC and 50% of CD patients had extra-intestinal manifestations. Fifty-one patients have been treated with biological therapy (46 patients with infliximab, 4 adalimumab and one with natalizumab). Median time between diagnosis and the use of biological therapy was 1 year in patients diagnosed after 2007 compared to 5 years in patients diagnosed before (P < 0.001). Eight patients have developed cancer during this time; two of them colon cancer. When comparing UC and CD, there were significant differences in the age at diagnoses, medical treatment, hospitalization due to crisis and surgery due to IBD (Table 1). Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of our patients were similar to other studies. At our institution, IBD has progressively increased over the past decades. A national registry is needed to assess the epidemiological changes of IBD in Chile.
Chameleon Coatings: Adaptive Surfaces to Reduce Friction and Wear in Extreme Environments (2009)

Adaptive nanocomposite coating materials that automatically and reversibly adjust their surface composition and morphology via multiple mechanisms are a promising development for the reduction of friction and wear over broad ranges of ambient conditions encountered in aerospace applications, such as cycling of temperature and atmospheric composition. Materials selection for these composites is based on extensive study of interactions occurring between solid lubricants and their surroundings, especially with novel in situ surface characterization techniques used to identify adaptive behavior on size scales ranging from 10 −10 to 10 −4 m. Recent insights on operative solid-lubricant mechanisms and their dependency upon the ambient environment are reviewed as a basis for a discussion of the state of the art in solid-lubricant materials.
Quantitative Assessment of Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Properties of Sulphurous Spring Water (2012)

Sulphur-containing spring water, which is generally rich in minerals and metallic elements, is tradition- ally considered beneficial for diseases of dermal origin. We investigated sulphur-containing spring water from the Ildong Jeil springs in Korea for antibacterial properties as well as antioxidant and cytoprotective effects on primary human dermal fibroblasts. Sulphurous spring water from Ildong Jeil springs significantly restricted bacterial growth compared to that of spring water with no sulphur content. We also recorded significant increases in total cellular anti-oxidant activity in primary hu- man dermal fibroblasts cultured in media reconstituted in sulphurous spring water. Although, procollagen gene expression was not enhanced significantly, culture medium prepared using sulphurous spring water protected dermal fibroblasts from tBOOH (tertiary butyl hydroperoxide)-induced cytotoxicity. Our data provides evidence that sulphur-containing spring water has beneficial effects on primary human dermal fibroblasts substantiating its medicinal properties on human skin.
Improving software MP efficiency for shared memory systems (1996)

For commercial workloads (such as transaction processing, complex queries, etc.), a significant percentage of the processor cycles are spent executing operating system code. Software multiprocessing (MP) efficiency for such workloads on a shared memory system decreases rapidly with an increase in the number of processors in the system due to so-called "large system effects", such as lock contention, increased length of the data structures, increased multiprogramming level, increased dispatching rate, etc. The largest performance degradation in these environments is due to lock contention. As the number of processors in the system increases, the throughput loss due to lock contention rises dramatically. In designing a multiprocessor operating system or a parallel application with shared data structures, the design of the critical sections and the locks that serialize access to them are extremely important. Operating systems or application code are often instrumented to monitor the lock usage patterns in a system. Once feedback is rendered, it is used to further tune the system. We present a simple analysis to obtain the lock usage characteristics of a large shared memory system from the measurements done on lock usage on uniprocessor or small shared memory systems. The analysis is supported by extensive simulation of the environment. We provide a framework to gain insight on how to restructure critical sections and what throughput gain can be expected from such restructuring. This approach can also be applied to project the throughput of a larger shared memory system that runs the same software.
Identification of a novel activation domain in the Notch-responsive transcription factor CSL (2001)

CSL is the primary target of the Notch signaling pathway in mammalian cells. It is a DNA binding protein that generally represses transcription in the absence of Notch signaling and activates transcription upon formation of a ternary complex with NICD, the protease-generated intracellular domain of NOTCH: Previous mapping experiments identified the central third of CSL as both necessary and sufficient for DNA binding and activation by NOTCH: Here we show that CSL promotes transcription in 293T cells in the absence of added NICD and that this activity requires both the central domain plus the C-terminal third of the protein. Evidence is presented that argues against a contribution of endogenous NICD and instead supports the possibility that distinct coactivators may directly stimulate the activity of CSL in a cell type-specific manner. This conclusion supports a recent finding that Drosophila CSL (Suppressor of Hairless) can also mediate transcriptional activation in the absence of NOTCH:
Evaluation of the 2007 Toyota Camry Hybrid Synergy Drive System (2008)

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and American automotive manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and DaimlerChrysler began a five-year, cost-shared partnership in 1993. Currently, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) research and development is conducted by DOE through its FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies (FCVT) program. The mission of the FCVT program is to develop more energy efficient and environmentally friendly highway transportation technologies. Program activities include research, development, demonstration, testing, technology validation, and technology transfer. These activities are aimed at developing technologies that can be domestically produced in a clean and cost-competitive manner. Under the FCVT program, support is provided through a three-phase approach [1] which is intended to: • Identify overall propulsion and vehicle-related needs by analyzing programmatic goals and reviewing industry’s recommendations and requirements, then develop the appropriate technical targets for systems, subsystems, and component research and development activities; • Develop and validate individual subsystems and components, including electric motors, emission control devices, battery systems, power electronics, accessories, and devices to reduce parasitic losses; and • Determine how well the components and subassemblies work together in a vehicle environment or as a complete propulsion system and whether the efficiency and performance targets at the vehicle level have been achieved. The research performed in this area will help remove technical and cost barriers to enable technology for use in such advanced vehicles as hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, electric, and fuel-cell-powered vehicles.
Implantable transvenous cardioverter-defibrillators. (1993)

Transvenous cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is practical in most candidates. Implant DFTs are usually low, surgical morbidity and postoperative complications are modest, therapy of VT and VF is efficient, and survival is excellent.
In‐Stem Molecular Beacon Containing a Pseudo Base Pair of Threoninol Nucleotides for the Removal of Background Emission (2009)

Off means off: An in-stem molecular beacon in which D-threoninol units tether perylene and anthraquinone in the stem region effectively detected target sequences and was able to discriminate a one-base-deletion mutant from the wild-type (full-match) sequence without background emission (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Performance Analysis of Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning and Wireless Locating Technology for Indoor Navigation Application (2016)

Recent developments in smartphone technology have increased user demand for indoors applications. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and the Inertial Navigation System (INS) are the two advanced systems for navigation technology. However, it is still difficult for GNSS to provide an accurate and practical navigation solution, especially in environments with little or no signal availability. These failings should be easy to overcome; because of their portability and multiple embedded hardware sensors, smartphones seem well positioned to make pedestrian navigation easy and convenient in any environment. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) is one of the most commonly used technologies used for pedestrian navigation, but it is not always accurate because its positioning errors tend to accumulate over time. Therefore, this research introduces a new tool to overcome this failing; a Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) beacon can maintain and improve the accuracy of PDR. Moreover, a BLE beacon can be initialized from any user position in an indoor environment. The random and unpredictable positions of pedestrians inevitably result in the degradation of navigation guidance systems’ data. To rectify this problem, we have implemented activity recognition technology to notify the proposed system so as to provide a more accurate heading estimate. This study proposes a Personal Navigation System (PNS) based on this technology; it can estimate navigation solutions in real time and combines the advantages of PDR and Bluetooth positioning technology. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the system and the efficacy of our proposed algorithms. Preliminary results show the average relative precision of PDR to be about 2.5%, when using a mobile hand-held device. The error of initial position from 2-D beacon positioning is less than two meters. The proposed system works well without post-processing, and the multi-sensor activity recognition system can determine the placement of the device when it is being carried or used by someone with close to 100% accuracy.
Ischemic brain injury in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2015)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common form of cerebral small vessel disease and an important risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage and cognitive impairment. While the majority of research has focused on the hemorrhagic manifestation of CAA, its ischemic manifestations appear to have substantial clinical relevance as well. Findings from imaging and pathologic studies indicate that ischemic lesions are common in CAA, including white-matter hyperintensities, microinfarcts, and microstructural tissue abnormalities as detected with diffusion tensor imaging. Furthermore, imaging markers of ischemic disease show a robust association with cognition, independent of age, hemorrhagic lesions, and traditional vascular risk factors. Widespread ischemic tissue injury may affect cognition by disrupting white-matter connectivity, thereby hampering communication between brain regions. Challenges are to identify imaging markers that are able to capture widespread microvascular lesion burden in vivo and to further unravel the etiology of ischemic tissue injury by linking structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities to their underlying pathophysiology and histopathology. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ischemic brain injury in CAA will be a key step toward new interventions to improve long-term cognitive outcomes for patients with CAA.
Chemical Warfare Agents Analyzer Based on Low Cost, Room Temperature, and Infrared Microbolometer Smart Sensors (2012)

Advanced IR emitters and sensors are under development for high detection probability, low false alarm rate, and identification capability of toxic gases. One of the most reliable techniques to identify the gas species is absorption spectroscopy, especially in the medium infrared spectral range, where most of existing toxic compounds exhibit their strongest rotovibrational absorption bands. Following the results obtained from simulations and analysis of expected absorption spectra, a compact nondispersive infrared multispectral system has been designed and developed for security applications. It utilizes a few square millimeters thermal source, a novel design multipass cell, and a smart architecture microbolometric sensor array coupled to a linear variable spectral filter to perform toxic gases detection and identification. This is done by means of differential absorption spectroscopic measurements in the spectral range of the midinfrared. Experimental tests for sensitivity and selectivity have been done with various chemical agents (CAs) gases and a multiplicity of vapour organic compounds (VOCs). Detection capability down to ppm has been demonstrated.
Chemotactic activity of recombinant human granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (1988)

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) induced migration across polycarbonate filters of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). rhG-CSF was active in inducing PMN migration at concentrations greater than or equal to 10 to 100 U/mL (7 to 70 ng/mL). rhG-CSF did not contain appreciable levels of endotoxin contamination as assessed by Limulus amebocyte assay, and Polymixin B did not affect the chemotactic activity of rhG-CSF. A monoclonal anti-G-CSF antibody blocked the induction of migration by G-CSF, thus establishing that the cytokine was responsible for the activity of the recombinant preparation. Checkerboard analysis was performed by seeding different concentrations of G-CSF above and/or below the filter and revealed that the migratory response to this cytokine was best observed in the presence of a positive concentration gradient between the lower and upper compartments of the chamber, thus indicating an actual chemotactic effect. When different migrating cells were examined, rhG-CSF was inactive on large granular lymphocytes and endothelial cells under conditions in which appropriate reference attractants were active. In contrast, rhG-CSF elicited a chemotactic response in monocytes inhibited by specific antibody. Thus, G-CSF is a chemotactic signal for phagocytes. This cytokine, when produced at inflammatory sites, may contribute to the recruitment of phagocytes from the blood compartment to amplify resistance against certain noxious agents.
Protection of retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage by oltipraz, a cancer chemopreventive agent. (2002)

Oltipraz protects hRPE cells against tBH induced injury. The mechanism of protection is likely to include increased cellular and mitochondrial GSH levels and induction of detoxification enzymes, including GST and NQR. Dietary supplementation with oltipraz or other dithiolethiones may help protect the hRPE against oxidant induced injury.
<i>Archaeoglobus fulgidus</i> Isolated from Hot North Sea Oil Field Waters (1994)

A hyperthermophilic sulfate reducer, strain 7324, was isolated from hot (75 degrees C) oil field waters from an oil production platform in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. It was enriched on a complex medium and isolated on lactate with sulfate. The cells were nonmotile, irregular coccoid to disc shaped, and 0.3 to 1.0 mum wide. The temperature for growth was between 60 and 85 degrees C with an optimum of 76 degrees C. Lactate, pyruvate, and valerate plus H(2) were utilized as carbon and energy sources with sulfate as electron acceptor. Lactate was completely oxidized to CO(2). The cells contained an active carbon monoxide dehydrogenase but no 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, indicating that lactate was oxidized to CO(2) via the acetyl coenzyme A/carbon monoxide dehydrogenase pathway. The cells produced small amounts of methane simultaneously with sulfate reduction. F(420) was detected in the cells which showed a blue-green fluorescence at 420 nm. On the basis of morphological, physiological, and serological features, the isolate was classified as an Archaeoglobus sp. Strain 7324 showed 100% DNA-DNA homology with A. fulgidus Z, indicating that it belongs to the species A. fulgidus. Archaeoglobus sp. has been selectively enriched and immunomagnetically captured from oil field waters from three different platforms in the North Sea. Our results show that strain 7324 may grow in oil reservoirs at 70 to 85 degrees C and contribute to hydrogen sulfide formation in this environment.