gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved Pedestrian Safety at Signalized Intersections Operating the Flashing Yellow Arrow (2013)

In some jurisdictions, protected left-turn phasing has been replaced with the flashing yellow arrow (FYA) for protected/permissive left turns (PPLTs) to reduce delay. However, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the conflict between pedestrians and the permissive left-turning vehicle. This presentation summarizes the results of research conducted with a high-fidelity, motion-based driving simulator and mobile eye-tracking equipment to study the effects of the opposing traffic, the presence and walking direction of pedestrians, and the number of section heads to display the FYA on driver performance. To accomplish this research, a six-intersection simulated environment was created. In total, 27 subjects completed the course, allowing the analysis of 620 permissive left-turn maneuvers. Eye-glance durations for the intersection approach and turning maneuver were captured for left-turn pavement bay markings, the signal indication, the pedestrian and vehicle waiting area, and the pedestrian signal heads. The total glance durations for each of these areas were analyzed. The following results were obtained: 1) the increased presence of pedestrians led drivers to focus more attention on these crossing pedestrians; 2) as the number of opposing vehicles increased, drivers spent less time fixating on pedestrians; 3) Four to seven percent of drivers did not focus on pedestrians in the crosswalk; and 4) there did not appear to be a difference between any variable and the presence of a three- or four-section head. In terms of practice, the results suggest that it may be desirable to limit the permissive operation when pedestrians are present. Moreover, the findings may indicate that the additional cost of four-section heads is not justified.
Asymmetric Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Direct Organocatalytic Amination of α-Substituted α-Cyanoacetates and β-Dicarbonyl Compounds (2004)

The first organocatalytic highly enantioselective reactions of substituted alpha-cyanoacetates and beta-dicarbonyl compounds with azodicarboxylates are reported. In the presence of 0.1-5 mol % of a quinidine-derived alkaloid beta-ICD, optically active quaternary hydrazine adducts are obtained in very high yields and with enantioselectivities up to >98% ee. A two-step procedure for the cleavage of the hydrazine N-N bond using SmI2 is also demonstrated.
A Collection of Plants from Louisiana (1941)

This paper presents the results of a botanical collecting trip made in the state of Louisiana from June 26th to August 24th, 1938, and several additional collections of Cyperus made in Orleans Parish during September 1937. Consequently, it should not be considered an exhaustive survey of the flora of Louisiana. To the contrary, due to the vicissitudes of collecting, many of the most common species found in Louisiana are not found in the list. The data are presented as a contribution to our knowledge of the flora of Louisiana based on extant specimens which are placed in accessible herbaria.
Toward Dynamic Image Mosaic Generation With Robustness to Parallax (2011)

Mosaicing is largely dependent on the quality of registration among the constituent input images. Parallax and object motion present challenges to image registration, leading to artifacts in the result. To reduce the impact of these artifacts, traditional image mosaicing approaches often impose planar scene constraints or rely on purely rotational camera motion or dense sampling. However, these requirements are often impractical or fail to address the needs of all applications. Instead, taking advantage of depth cues and a smooth transition criterion, we achieve significantly improved mosaicing results for static scenes, coping effectively with nontrivial parallax in the input. We extend this approach to the synthesis of dynamic video mosaics, incorporating foreground/background segmentation and a consistent motion perception criterion. Although further additions are required to cope with unconstrained object motion, our algorithm can synthesize a perceptually convincing output, conveying the same appearance of motion as seen in the input sequences.
Reuse of disposable laparoscopic instruments: a study of related surgical complications. (1995)

Disposable laparoscopic instruments may be safely reused under carefully monitored conditions and with strict guidelines.
The role of nano-roughness in antifouling (2009)

Nano-engineered superhydrophobic surfaces have been investigated for potential fouling resistance properties. Integrating hydrophobic materials with nanoscale roughness generates surfaces with superhydrophobicity that have water contact angles (θ) >150° and concomitant low hysteresis (<10°). Three superhydrophobic coatings (SHCs) differing in their chemical composition and architecture were tested against major fouling species (Amphora sp., Ulva rigida, Polysiphonia sphaerocarpa, Bugula neritina, Amphibalanus amphitrite) in settlement assays. The SHC which had nanoscale roughness alone (SHC 3) deterred the settlement of all the tested fouling organisms, compared to selective settlement on the SHCs with nano- and micro-scale architectures. The presence of air incursions or nanobubbles at the interface of the SHCs when immersed was characterized using small angle X-ray scattering, a technique sensitive to local changes in electron density contrast resulting from partial or complete wetting of a rough interface. The coating with broad spectrum antifouling properties (SHC 3) had a noticeably larger amount of unwetted interface when immersed, likely due to the comparatively high work of adhesion (60.77 mJ m−2 for SHC 3 compared to 5.78 mJ m−2 for the other two SHCs) required for creating solid/liquid interface from the solid/vapour interface. This is the first example of a non-toxic, fouling resistant surface against a broad spectrum of fouling organisms ranging from plant cells and non-motile spores, to complex invertebrate larvae with highly selective sensory mechanisms. The only physical property differentiating the immersed surfaces is the nano-architectured roughness which supports longer standing air incursions providing a novel non-toxic broad spectrum mechanism for the prevention of biofouling.
Graph based fusion of miRNA and mRNA expression data improves clinical outcome prediction in prostate cancer (2011)

Fusion of mRNA and miRNA expression data into one prediction model improves clinical outcome prediction in terms of prediction error and stable feature selection. The R source code of the proposed method is available in the supplement.
Chemical Pulping: Paper technical potential of spruce SO2-Ethanol-Water (SEW) pulp compared to kraft pulp (2010)

Article Chemical Pulping: Paper technical potential of spruce SO2-Ethanol-Water (SEW) pulp compared to kraft pulp was published on December 1, 2010 in the journal Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal (volume 25, issue 4).
A Comparison of Six Methods for Missing Data Imputation (2015)

Missing data are part of almost all research and introduce an element of ambiguity into data analysis. It follows that we need to consider them appropriately in order to provide an efficient and valid analysis. In the present study, we compare 6 different imputation methods: Mean, K-nearest neighbors (KNN), fuzzy K-means (FKM), singular value decomposition (SVD), bayesian principal component analysis (bPCA) and multiple imputations by chained equations (MICE). Comparison was performed on four real datasets of various sizes (from 4 to 65 variables), under a missing completely at random (MCAR) assumption, and based on four evaluation criteria: Root mean squared error (RMSE), unsupervised classification error (UCE), supervised classification error (SCE) and execution time. Our results suggest that bPCA and FKM are two imputation methods of interest which deserve further consideration in practice.
Political Control versus Impermissible Bias in Agency Decisionmaking: Lessons from Chevron and Mistretta (1990)

Richard J. Pierce, Jr., Political Control versus Impermissible Bias in Agency Decisionmaking: Lessons from Chevron and Mistretta, The University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 57, No. 2, Administering the Administrative State (Spring, 1990), pp. 481-519
Blends of aliphatic polyesters. I. Physical properties and morphologies of solution-cast blends from poly(DL-lactide) and poly(?-caprolactone) (1996)

Effects of the mixing ratio of poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) on the thermal and mechanical properties and morphologies of the solution-cast blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing microscopy, tensile tests, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The presence of amorphous PDLLA did not disturb crystallization of PCL over the PDLLA content [XPDLLA = PDLLA/(PCL + PDLLA)] from 0.1 to 0.9 and allowed PCL to form spherulites over XPDLLA ranging from 0.1 to 0.6. The spherulite radius was larger for the blends than for the nonblended PCL. Phase separation occurred for the blends with XPDLLA between 0.1 and 0.9 Tm of PCL remained unchanged in the XPDLLA range up to 0.6 but decreased at XPDLLA above 0.6, whereas the crystallinity of PCL was constant around 60%, irrespective of XPDLLA. The tensile strength (σB, the yield stress (σY), the Young's modulus(E), and the storage modulus (G′) of the blends increased monotonously with XPDLLA if σB at XPDLLA = 0 and 0.6 and σY at XPDLLA = 0.6 were excluded. Elongation-at-break (εB) of PDLLA increased dramatically, while εB of PCL decreased remarkably when a small amount of the other component was added. Equations and parameters predicting σY, E, and G′ of the PCL-PDLLA blends were proposed as a function of XPDLLA. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Environmental applications of immobilized microbial cells: A review (1996)

Immobilized microbial cells have been used extensively in various industrial and scientific endeavours. However, immobilized cells have not been used widely for environmental applications. This review examines many of the scientific and technical aspects involved in using immobilized microbial cells in environmental applications, with a particular focus on cells encapsulated in biopolymer gels. Some advantages and limitations of using immobilized cells in bioreactor studies are also discussed.
Kinetics of plasmin inhibition in the presence of a synthetic tripeptide substrate. The reaction with pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and two forms of α 2-plasmin inhibitor (1981)

The progressive inhibition of plasmin by pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and by alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor in the presence of D-valyl-L-leucyl-L-lysine 4-nitroanilide was investigated. The kinetics with plasmin were compared with those with miniplasmin. The kinetic properties of two functionally different forms of alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor described by Clemmensen [(1979) in The Physiological Inhibitors of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (Collen. D., Wiman, B & Verstraete, M., eds.), pp 131-136, Elsevier, Amsterdam] were characterized. The two forms differ in their plasminogen-binding capability, and this difference can account for a difference in secondary site interaction suggested from the kinetics. The binding of inhibitor to miniplasmin is a simple pseudo-first-order reaction with both pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and the two alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor forms. Such simple kinetics are also observed for the reaction between plasmin and the non-plasminogen-binding form of alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor. More complicated kinetics are obtained for the reaction between plasmin and the alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor form that binds to plasminogen. With both forms of the alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, a complex stable to acetic acid/urea and gel electrophoresis is present and fully developed 15 s after initiation of the reaction with plasmin.
Microwave-assisted direct transformation of amines to ketones using water as an oxygen source (2005)

Retro-reductive aminations, direct transformations of amines to ketones, were catalyzed by Pd/C in water under microwave irradiation.
A portable x-ray source with a nanostructured Pt-coated silicon field emission cathode for absorption imaging of low-Z materials (2015)

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a portable x-ray generator for imaging of low-atomic number materials such as biological soft tissue. The system uses a self-aligned, gated, Pt-coated silicon field emitter cathode with two arrays of 62 500 nano-sharp tips arranged in a square grid with 10 μm emitter pitch, and a natural convection-cooled reflection anode composed of a Cu bar coated with a thin Mo film. Characterization of the field emitter array demonstrated continuous emission of 1 mA electron current (16 mA cm − 2) with >95% current transmission at a 150 V gate-emitter bias voltage for over 20 h with no degradation. The emission of the x-ray source was characterized across a range of anode bias voltages to maximize the fraction of photons from the characteristic K-shell peaks of the Mo film to produce a quasi-monochromatic photon beam, which enables capturing high-contrast images of low-atomic number materials. The x-ray source operating at the optimum anode bias voltage, i.e. 35 kV, was used to image ex vivo and nonorganic samples in x-ray fluoroscopic mode while varying the tube current; the images resolve feature sizes as small as ~160 µm.
Bank 3.0 - Why Banking is No Longer Somewhere You Go, But Something You Do (2012)

The first edition of BANK 2.0 took the financial services world by storm and became synonymous with disruptive customer behavior, technology shift and new banking models. In BANK 3.0, Brett King looks at the latest trends that are redefining financial services and payments.

	From the global scramble for dominance of the mobile wallet, the expectations created by tablet computing, the operationalizing of the cloud and the explosion of social media he explores:

	
		How Social Media has exposed pricing, over-regulation, outdated processes and poor policy,
	
		How mobile technology is completely changing the context of banking,
	
		How customer advocacy is killing traditional brand marketing,
	
		The growth of the 'de-banked' consumer who doesn't need a bank at all; and 
	
		Why Banking is no longer a place you go, but something you do 


	BANK 3.0 shows that the gap between customer and financial services players is rapidly growing, leaving massive opportunities for new, non-bank competitors to totally disrupt the industry.
Utilização de suplementos por praticantes de atividade física na cidade de São Paulo e região (2009)

Currently, in São Paulo and region, a great variety of practitioners of physical activity exists. Beyond the increase of the practical one of physical activity, it also increased the concern with the feeding and of substances as the alimentary supplements. Had to the increase of the number of academies and the increase of the use of supplements for its practitioners it was verified necessity to investigate the use of supplements for practitioners of physical activity of different academies, as well as the professionals indicate who them. In a composed sample of 59 individuals for three different practicing groups of physical activity 66% (n=39) it told not to use alimentary supplements, on the other hand 20 (34%), use these supplements. Of the practitioners whom they use alimentary supplements 55% (n=11) are in the academy, 30% (n=6) are in the team of handball of Are Bernardo and 15% (n=3), if find in the academy for women. It was verified that most (25%) (n= 5) of the studied practitioners of physical activity had orientation of the use of the alimentary supplements for the nutritionist. It was verified that exactly most of the individuals not using the alimentary supplements, has the necessity of better orientation, therefore still people exist who make the bad use of these substances, either for not qualified professionals or still for proper initiative.
A Calibration Technique for a Redundant IMU Containing Low-Grade Inertial Sensors (2005)

A calibration technique for a redundant inertial measurement unit (IMU) containing low-grade inertial sensors is proposed. In order to calibrate a redundant IMU that can detect and isolate faulty sensors, the fundamental coordinate frames in the IMU are defined and the IMU error is modeled based on the frames. Equations to estimate the error coefficients of the redundant IMU are formulated, and a test sequence using a 2-axis turntable is also presented. Finally, a redundant IMU with cone configuration is implemented using lowgrade inertial sensors, and the performance of the proposed technique is verified experimentally.
Measles and rubella antibody status in previously vaccinated children with cancer (1988)

Measles and rubella antibody status were determined by ELISA for 115 previously vaccinated children with cancer. Seventy subjects were receiving chemotherapy, and 45 had successfully completed treatment for their malignancy. Overall, 18% of the subjects were seronegative for measles antibody and 8% for rubella antibody. Only 3% of patients lacked both. In general, seronegative individuals were over age 10 years. Subjects born before 1976 were significantly more likely to be seronegative to measles, 29% vs. 11% (P = 0.02) and to rubella, 16% vs. 4% (P = 0.03) than those born afterwards. Antibody status showed no apparent relationship to the duration of anticancer therapy. Stored serum samples were available for nine seronegative subjects, of whom five were initially seropositive and then lost antibody during or after the completion of anticancer therapy. Our observations suggest that cancer and its associated therapy interfere with antibody production. In view of the increasing survival rates for childhood cancers, additional studies are needed to assess the immune status of these subjects for all vaccine-preventable infections. Pending the outcome of further studies, we suggest that long-term survivors, particularly those born before 1976, or known to be vaccinated at less than 13 months of age, be tested after the completion of therapy for antibody to measles and rubella (and mumps). Also, immune serum globulin should be considered for any previously immunized patient with a close exposure to an active case of measles.
High-speed two-photon excited autofluorescence imaging of ex vivo human retinal pigment epithelial cells toward age-related macular degeneration diagnostic (2008)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is among the major concerns in ophthalmology, as it is the primary cause for irreversible blindness in developed countries. Nevertheless, there is poor understanding of the origins and mechanisms that trigger this important ocular disease. In common clinical pratice, AMD is monitored by autofluorescence imaging of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells through a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The RPE cells derive their dominant autofluorescence from the lipofuscin granules that accumulate in the cytoplasm with increasing age and disease. We explored a different approach to retinal RPE imaging using two-photon excited autofluorescence, offering intrinsic three-dimensional resolution, larger sensing depth and reduced photodamage compared to single-photon excited fluorescence ophthalmoscopy. A two-photon microscope, based on the architecture of a conventional scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRT, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany), was designed for autofluorescence imaging on retina samples from postmortem human-donor eyes. We were able to visualize at video-rate speed single RPE lipofuscin granules, demonstrating the potential to develop this method toward clinical practice for patients with RPE-related retinal disease like AMD.
Reduction of 1+1 resonance enhanced MPI spectra to population distributions: Application to the NO <i>A</i> 2Σ+–<i>X</i> 2Π system (1986)

A two-step methodology is presented for extracting ground state population distributions and alignment factors from 1+1 resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra. In the first step the ion signal is corrected for variation with laser intensity as it is collected, generating an isopower spectrum. In the second step populations and alignments are derived from the isopower spectrum by correcting for the interdependent effects of saturation and intermediate state alignment. This procedure is applied to a room temperature thermal distribution of nitric oxide using the 1+1 REMPI process in which lines of the NO A 2Σ+–X 2Π (0,0) band constitute the resonant transition. The present treatment is able to recover the known rovibrational population distribution, independent of branch choice, over a wide range of practical operating conditions.
Survey of Biological Progress, Vol. III (1958)

Survey of Biological Progress, Vol. III Get access Survey of Biological Progress, Vol. III. Edited by Glass Bentley. 332 pgs. Academic Press, 111 Fifth Ave., New York 3, N. Y. ( 1957) $7.50 Ruth S. Breen Ruth S. Breen Florida State University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar AIBS Bulletin, Volume 8, Issue 2, April 1958, Page 50, https://doi.org/10.2307/1291960 Published: 01 April 1958
Isotope-selective photoionisation of palladium (2003)

A scheme for isotope-selective ionisation of palladium is studied experimentally. A considerable enrichment by the 102Pd, 104Pd, and 105Pd isotopes is achieved. Based on experimental data, the estimate for the hyperfine and isotopic structures of the 4d95p3P1 level is obtained according to which the requirements to laser radiation and the Doppler width of atomic lines providing a high photoionisation selectivity are determined. To obtain a highly enriched (above 50 %) 102Pd isotope, the spectral width of a laser line (after frequency doubling) should be 60 — 80 MHz, the laser frequency stability (before doubling) should be 20 — 40 MHz, and the width of atomic lines should not exceed 100 MHz.
Recent Patents on Quantum Dot Engineering for Biomedical Application (2012)

Quantum dots (QDs) are nanometer-scale crystals, which have tunable fluorescence signatures, narrow emission spectra, brighter emissions and good photostability. These properties enable QDs as powerful inorganic fluorescent probes for biological applications, such as imaging (in vitro and in vivo), biosensing, biolabeling, gene expression studies, protein studies or medical diagnostics. High quality QDs are usually synthesized in nonpolar solvents with hydrophobic coatings. For in vivo applications, QDs have been surface modified by substituting their hydrophobic coating molecules with various hydrophilic capping agents of biofunctional linkers. This article focuses on recent patents on the preparation of QDs and potential applications in biomedicine, including core-shell QDs, water-soluble QDs, biofunctionalized QDs and encapsulated QDs. Energy transfer between QDs and dye acceptors has been reported through fluorescence resonance energy transfer or bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technologies. Keywords: Biofunctionalized QDs, biolabeling, core-shell QDs, detecting, encapsulated QDs, imaging, synthesis, watersoluble QDs.