gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of exhaled breath for diagnosing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a feasibility study (2014)

We have demonstrated the feasibility of a breath test for a specific, clinically interesting application: distinguishing HNSCC from tumour-free or benign tumour states, as well as for staging and locating HNSCC. The sensor array used here could form the basis for the development of an urgently needed non-invasive, cost-effective, fast and reliable point-of-care diagnostic/screening tool for HNSCC.
Properties of Porous Media Affecting Fluid Flow (1966)

Irrigation and drainage engineers must design irrigation and drainage systems such that there is proper maintenance of moisture, air, and salt balance for favorable plant growth. A major design consideration is getting water into or out of the soil. In either case, the flow phenomenon involved is flow through partially saturated porous media. When water enters a soil, air must be replaced, and when water is removed, air must enter. The flow, therefore, involves two immiscible fluid phases-air and water. Frequently, these problems are divided into two regimes of flow: (1) above the water table and (2) below the water table. Water table is defined as the locus of points at which the pressure of the water is zero (gage) and is therefore a convenient reference datum. Two distinguishing characteristics of the two regimes of flow are as follows: (1) Above the water table there exist functional relationships among saturation, pressure difference between air and water, and the permeabilities to air and water; and (2) below the water table, saturation and permeability are constants.
Drug-drug Interaction Prediction with Graph Representation Learning (2019)

Pharmacological activity of one drug may be altered due to the concomitant administration of another drug, leading to unanticipated drug-drug interactions(DDIs). However, existing DDI prediction approaches are lacking in the following aspects: (1)scalability: they rely heavily on diverse drug-related features, leading to the unavailability of important features for most of the drugs when it comes to large-scale datasets. (2)robustness: they aim to approximate the interaction probability with the integration of diverse features. The model may be sensitive to pairwise similarity information of the test set. In this paper, we explore the promising application of graph representation learning for more accurate DDI prediction, establishing a brand new model to solve the two problems, achieving greater performance and keeping certain interpretability. Our experiments on the small-scale DDI dataset as well as the large-scale one illustrate that our model can achieve higher performance compared to various existing state-of-the-art approaches, which can indicate the scalability of our model. Moreover, our model can find the most important local atoms with the attention mechanism, which conform to domain knowledge with certain interpretability. Furthermore, the robust analysis show that the proposed method is insensitive to the pairwise similarity information of test datasets, and can retrieve interacting drug pairs even though their pairwise similarities are extremely low with a high recall rate and a considerable precision rate.
Towards multicast session sirectory services (1999)

The current increase in interest in Internet Multicast and Multimedia Applications is self-evident and has profited from such infrastructures as the Multicast Backbone (Mbone) and its applications and tools which are several years old now. However, an ad-hoc usage of some of this technology's features, namely, session announcements and multicast addresses, do not scale easily. The Session Description Protocol (SDP), a proposed standard, has been used and sometimes misused as a session directory tool to advertise multimedia sessions, without due attention to scalability, i.e., without taking into consideration the effect of the increasing number of simultaneous sessions being announced. A flat presentation of session announcements, with alphabeticaly ordered names, neither scale nor convey enough structured information to enable simple and efficient directory searches to pick up all the interesting sessions. This is what is really needed while keeping the directory manageable. SDP and its companion Session Announcement Protocol (SAPv1) have enough scaling potential, if not misused. The quality of information presented to the user by popular tools, such as sdr, may be enhanced to a level similar to that obtained via the familiar Internet search engines and browsing and filtering services. Instead of burdening the user with the task of browsing and filtering the flat directory space, that task could be assigned to a server, should the information made available in the session descriptions be conveniently organised. We propose that session directory information be structured and then disclosed by a Multicast Session Directory Service (MSDS). Session description fields in SDP, such as the value attributes category (a=cat:) and type (a=type:) and selected description fields, such as media, repeat times, time active, and so on, may be used to aggregate sessions in classes and even in a pre-arranged classification hierarchy. The user would then be able to query or browse MSDS servers. The service itself would be announced either in multiple thematic or single well known multicast channels, with the directory structure being either port or time multiplexed, or made available as a server database.
Artemisinin induces doxorubicin resistance in human colon cancer cells via calcium‐dependent activation of HIF‐1α and P‐glycoprotein overexpression (2009)

Our results suggest that artemisinin and parthenolide may act as SERCA inhibitors and, like other SERCA inhibitors, induce resistance to doxorubicin in human colon cancer cells, via the CaMKII-dependent activation of HIF-1alpha and the induction of Pgp.
The cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer's disease: impact on cognition, behaviour and function (2000)

Although the neurodegeneration occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects multiple neurotransmitters, the cholinergic system has received the greatest attention. Acetylcholine (ACh) is fundamental to mnemonic function, assisting in the septal hippocampal pathway and facilitating cortical activation. One of the earliest pathological events in AD is the degeneration of ACh-synthesizing neurons in the subcortical nuclei of the human basal forebrain. Indeed, the loss of cholinergic function in AD is correlated with the density of histopathological markers of AD, the severity of cognitive dysfunction and disease duration. However, the precise mechanism by which the cholinergic system influences cognition, and behaviour, is unknown. Recent preliminary data from functional imaging and ligand-binding studies implicate a dynamic interaction between the nicotinic-muscarinic cholinergic receptor systems. The relatively preserved thalamic nicotinic system, compared with the dysfunctional cortical muscarinic system, may facilitate thalamocortical metabolic excitation in the failing AD brain. Thus, it is hypothesized that thalamic influence within frontal-subcortical circuits is augmented in AD patients who demonstrate a marked improvement to cholinesterase inhibitor therapy. Understanding the cholinergic basis of the cognitive, functional and behavioural deficits in AD, and the differential treatment response to various agents, will ultimately improve patient care and neuropharmacological insights. This paper reviews the current understanding of the cholinergic influence in cognition, behaviour and, as a result, function in AD patients.
NEW POWER SOURCES FOR SPACE-AGE ELECTRONICS (1959)

The various types of portable power sources proposed or being developed or used are described and compared. Solar, nuclear, and chemical devices are compared on weight/watt, longevity or service life, volume/watt, and other bases. (T.R.H.)
Yes‐associated protein is an independent prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma (2009)

YAP is an independent prognostic marker for overall survival and disease-free survival times of HCC patients and clinicopathologically associated with tumor differentiation and serum AFP level. It is a potential therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.
Probe Subset Selection in 3D Multiprobe OTA Setup (2018)

Over-the-air (OTA) radiated testing for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) capable mobile terminals has been actively discussed in the standardization in recent years, where multiprobe anechoic chamber (MPAC) method has been selected. Setting up a multiprobe configuration is costly, so finding ways to limit the number of probes will make the implementation of the test system simpler and cheaper. In this paper, two probe subset selection algorithms for three dimensional (3D) MPAC and fading emulator are proposed, namely, decremental selection algorithm (DSA) and error threshold selection algorithm based on alternating search (SAAS), where the goal is to minimize the number of probe antennas while ensuring the accuracy of the target channel emulation. Simulation results show that a small number of probe sets are selected under the given error threshold by the two algorithms, which greatly saves the cost of setup configuration. The performance of SAAS generally outperform that of DSA, especially when there are fewer probes selected.
ENSEMBLE EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION: A NOISE-ASSISTED DATA ANALYSIS METHOD (2008)

A new Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) is presented. This new approach consists of sifting an ensemble of white noise-added signal (data) and treats the mean as the final true result. Finite, not infinitesimal, amplitude white noise is necessary to force the ensemble to exhaust all possible solutions in the sifting process, thus making the different scale signals to collate in the proper intrinsic mode functions (IMF) dictated by the dyadic filter banks. As EEMD is a time–space analysis method, the added white noise is averaged out with sufficient number of trials; the only persistent part that survives the averaging process is the component of the signal (original data), which is then treated as the true and more physical meaningful answer. The effect of the added white noise is to provide a uniform reference frame in the time–frequency space; therefore, the added noise collates the portion of the signal of comparable scale in one IMF. With this ensemble mean, one can separate scales naturally without any a priori subjective criterion selection as in the intermittence test for the original EMD algorithm. This new approach utilizes the full advantage of the statistical characteristics of white noise to perturb the signal in its true solution neighborhood, and to cancel itself out after serving its purpose; therefore, it represents a substantial improvement over the original EMD and is a truly noise-assisted data analysis (NADA) method.
Acute Sciatic Neuritis following Lumbar Laminectomy (2014)

It is commonly accepted that the common cause of acute/chronic pain in the distribution of the lumbosacral nerve roots is the herniation of a lumbar intervertebral disc, unless proven otherwise. The surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation is successful in radicular pain and prevents or limits neurological damage in the majority of patients. Recurrence of sciatica after a successful disc surgery can be due to many possible etiologies. In the clinical setting we believe that the term sciatica might be associated with inflammation. We report a case of acute sciatic neuritis presented with significant persistent pain shortly after a successful disc surgery. The patient is a 59-year-old female with complaint of newly onset sciatica after complete pain resolution following a successful lumbar laminectomy for acute disc extrusion. In order to manage the patient's newly onset pain, the patient had multiple pain management visits which provided minimum relief. Persistent sciatica and consistent physical examination findings urged us to perform a pelvic MRI to visualize suspected pathology, which revealed right side sciatic neuritis. She responded to the electrical neuromodulation. Review of the literature on sciatic neuritis shows this is the first case report of sciatic neuritis subsequent to lumbar laminectomy.
Dew/Frost Point Recognition With Impedance Matrix of Fingerprint Sensor (2008)

In dew point hygrometers, the condensed-water-layer thickness as well as the morphology can modify the detector signal value that gives unreliable detections. The classic impedance dew/frost point detector measures the mean impedance of the whole active detector area; therefore, in the case of the simultaneous presence of both forms of water (liquid supercooled water and ice) or in the case of various morphologies of water droplets or crystals, it is difficult to distinguish those situations from regular operations. The new idea of dew/frost point detector construction based on impedance matrix measurement was described. To test the idea of an impedance matrix dew/frost point detector, the finite-element simulations were done. Then, a commercially available fingerprint sensor was successfully applied.
Propagation measurements and modeling of lmds radio channel in singapore (2003)

The paper reports propagation measurements conducted in urban, suburban, and rural environments of Singapore at 27.4 GHz and studies on excess loss, K-factor, mean delay, and delay-spread characteristics. Also, static and time-variant channel impulse response (IR) models, developed from the measurements, are reported. The static channel IR models are classified into good, moderate, and bad channel types according to the signal reception quality. A generalized tapped delay-line model is presented to represent the time-varying complex channel IR. Finally, the delay characteristics from simple channel IR simulations are compared with the measured results.
Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a potential biocontrol agent isolated for the first time from invasive slugs in North America (2014)

Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is reported for the first time in North America from cadavers of the invasive slug species Deroceras reticulatum , D. laeve and Lehmannia valentiana collected from three different locations in California, USA. Four isolates were identified using combined morphology, morphometrics and molecular sequence data for complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2), D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU or 28S) and nearly complete small subunit (SSU or 18S) ribosomal DNA. Extremely low sequence variations in the COI gene of the mitochondria were observed among US isolates as well as between US isolates and the two UK sequences. The occurrence of P. hermaphrodita in North America has regulatory implications for potential biological control strategies against non-native gastropod species that are pests in ornamental and agricultural cultivation on this continent. The D2-D3 sequence of the LSU rDNA is new for the species.
Iterative envelope-based SNR estimation for nonconstant modulus constellations (2007)

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation problem is addressed for linearly modulated signals over flat-fading channels. A new SNR estimator based on the expectation-maximization algorithm is proposed in order to iteratively maximize a certain approximation to the envelope-based likelihood function. The new method is robust to carrier offsets and can be applied to nonconstant modulus constellations. It operates in a non-data-aided manner, although it can be suitably modified to exploit the availability of pilot symbols within the frame.
A progressive error estimation framework for photon density estimation (2010)

We present an error estimation framework for progressive photon mapping. Although estimating rendering error has been established for unbiased rendering algorithms, error estimation for biased rendering algorithms has not been investigated well in comparison. We characterize the error by the sum of a bias estimate and a stochastic noise bound, which is motivated by stochastic error bounds formulation in biased methods. As a part of our error computation, we extend progressive photon mapping to operate with smooth kernels. This enables the calculation of illumination gradients with arbitrary accuracy, which we use to progressively compute the local bias in the radiance estimate. We also show how variance can be computed in progressive photon mapping, which is used to estimate the error due to noise. As an example application, we show how our error estimation can be used to compute images with a given error threshold. For this example application, our framework only requires the error threshold and a confidence level to automatically terminate rendering. Our results demonstrate how our error estimation framework works well in realistic synthetic scenes.
Nucleotide sequence of the overlapping genes for the subunits of Bacillus subtilis aspartokinase II and their control regions. (1987)

The nucleotide sequence of a 2.9-kilobase Bacillus subtilis DNA fragment containing the entire coding region of aspartokinase II and adjacent chromosomal regions (Bondaryk, R. P., and Paulus, H. (1985a) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 585-591) has been determined. The results confirmed the earlier prediction that the two subunits of aspartokinase II, alpha and beta, are encoded by in-phase overlapping genes. The nucleotide sequence showed strong ribosome binding sites before the translation initiation codons of the alpha and beta subunits. Deletion of most of the coding region unique to the alpha subunit had no effect on the synthesis of the smaller beta subunit, demonstrating that the beta subunit is indeed the product of independent translation. The site of transcription initiation of the aspartokinase gene was found to be more than 300 nucleotides upstream from the translation start of the alpha subunit. The intervening region contained a short reading frame capable of encoding a 24-residue lysine-rich polypeptide, which overlaps a region of extensive dyad symmetry culminating in a rho-independent transcription terminator. This region may be an attenuator control element that regulates the expression of the aspartokinase gene in response to the availability of lysine, the end product of the pathway. The coding sequence of the aspartokinase II subunits was immediately followed by a rho-independent transcription terminator. This termination site has an unusual symmetry, which allows it also to serve as transcription terminator for a gene that converges on the aspartokinase II gene from the opposite direction, an interesting example of genetic economy. The deduced amino acid sequence of B. subtilis aspartokinase II was compared with the sequences of the three aspartokinases from Escherichia coli (Cassan, M., Parsot, C., Cohen, G. N., and Patte, J. C. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 1052-1057). Significant sequence similarities suggest a close evolutionary relationship between the four enzymes.
Up, Up and Away! The Economics of Vertical Farming (2014)

With rising population and purchasing power, demand for food and changing consumer preferences are building pressure on our resources. Vertical Farming, which means growing food in skyscrapers, might help to solve many of these problems. The purpose of this study was to construct a Vertical Farm and thereof investigate the economic feasibility of it. In a concurrent Engineering Study initiated by DLR Bremen, a farm, 37 floors high, was designed and simulated in Berlin to estimate the cost of production and market potential of this technology. It yields about 3,500 tons of fruits and vegetables and ca. 140 tons of tilapia fillets, 516 times more than expected from a footprint area of 0.25 ha due to stacking and multiple harvests. The investment costs add up to € 200 million, and it requires 80 million litres of water and 3.5 GWh of power per year. The produced food costs between € 3.50 and € 4.00 per kilogram. In view of its feasibility, we estimate a market for about 50 farms in the short term and almost 3000 farms in the long term. To tap the economic, environmental and social benefits of this technology, extensive research is required to optimise the production process.
Radiation Injury and Recovery in Swine (1959)

It may be assumed that radiation injury is composed of at least two components, one of which is irreparable. It may be assumed further that the irreparable injury may be measured by its additive effect on subsequent exposure to ionizing radiations, and that after a postirradiation period of 90 days all the injury remaining is irreparable except for an insignificant amount of slowly reparable components. With these assumptions this experiment was planned to measure directly the injurious effect of sublethal doses of -y-radiation in terms of life shortening. The life span of all the experimental animals was to be shortened by a daily exposure of
Alevaire as a Mucolytic Agent (1955)

THE use of detergents in the liquefaction of thick mucoid and purulent exudates in the alveoli and bronchial tree was not practical until recent years, owing to the fact that no surfactant with appropriate properties was known. Agents that lower surface tension had long been used in suppurating wounds and body cavities. Their value in cleansing and in aiding the penetration of infected tissues by chemotherapeutic agents is well established. The application of this action to infections and other conditions of the lower respiratory tract has now become quite extensive through the use of the new detergent superinone in a . . .
Edge detection and recognition based on structure tensor (2011)

Edge detection and enhancement techniques are popularly used to outline edges of causative sources with potential field data. In this paper, a new edge finder algorithm is proposed initially based on structure tensor. The structure tensor is established originally from the field gradient tensor, but is accurate, resistant to random noise, and has high resolution features. There are different types of gravity synthetic models created for testing the validity of this method. The test shows that the method is more robust than the conventional methods.
Bidirectional communication techniques for wireless battery charging systems &#x00026; portable consumer electronics (2010)

Simultaneous power and signal transfer in a wireless/contactless system is an emerging technology for portable electronics. This paper aims at exploring simple and cost effective ways for such applications for a wide range of the portable consumer electronic devices such as mobile phones. Frequency-shift keying (FSK) and amplitude-shift keying (ASK) techniques for an inductive battery charging platform have been successfully implemented for simultaneous power and signal transfer in an 10 W wireless charging system. The proposed techniques provide effective bidirectional communication between the charging platform and the loads and form the basis for load identification and battery monitoring in wireless charging system. Considerations of these methods for compatibility among a wide range of portable products are discussed.