gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Adsorption of Lithium Ions from Molten Salt by Activated Alumina (1994)

Selective adsorption of lithium ions from molten NaNO3 containing a slight amount of lithium ions was examined using various inorganic adsorbents. Consequently, activated alumina was found to be the most promising adsorbent for adsorption of lithium ions because of its high recovery. Adsorption by activated alumina involved chemisorption with the activation energy of 70.7kJ/mol. It was confirmed that activated alumina showed high stability when mixed with molten salt because no changes of specific pore volume, surface area, or pore size distribution were observed throughout adsorption at high temperatures. Since the adsorption of lithium ions by activated alumina obeyed Freundlich's equation, it was found that the adsorption can be treated as that of lithium ions in dilute solution. The enrichment of lithium ions on activated alumina was much higher than that of sodium ions, indicating that the selective adsorption of lithium ions from molten salt by activated alumina is feasible.
RECEPTORS FOR MULTIPLICATION-STIMULATING ACTIVITY ON HUMAN ARTERIAL AND VENOUS ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (1981)

Primary cultures of endothelial cells were prepared from the arteries and veins of human umbilical cords. Both arterial and venous endothelial cells demonstrated specific receptors for the insulin-like growth factor MSA (Multiplication-Stimulating Activity). Insulin, at concentrations up to 10(-7) M, had little effect on 125I-MSA binding whereas MSA was congruent to 1% as potent as insulin in competing with 125I-insulin binding. Serum containing anti-insulin receptor antibodies blocked binding of 125I-insulin to the endothelial cells but had little effect on 125I-MSA binding. We conclude that human endothelial cells have specific and distinct receptors for both MSA and insulin.
EEG Reflection of Clinical Effects Dynamics during Botulinum Toxin Therapy of Movement Disorders under Long-Term Consciousness Disorders (2018)

When studying the dynamics of brain electric activity (BEA) in the course of botulinum toxin (Incobotulinumtoxin A) injections into all hypertonic muscles of 16 patients suffering from post-coma longterm consciousness disorders, BEA changes were observed to start within the first minutes after the first intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin, while not being associated with any pain stimulus response. Despite the diversity of brain lesions in these patients, the dynamics of BEA reorganisation during botulinum toxin therapy showed the presence of pathological sensorimotor integration involving the whole brain in case of long-term consciousness disorders. In our opinion, it is expressed in a pathological state developing in the brain, which affects the polyfunctional capabilities of neurons. This state is unbalanced due to destabilizing effect at the beginning of the reduction by pathological hyperafferentation from muscles and, in principle, can be disrupted at a complete reduction. It is, however, maintained by memory matrix, which manifests itself in the shape of oscillation process during its disruption when the newly build-up BEA is occasionally displaced by the previous one. During the reduction of sensory hyperafferentation, BEA reorganisation initially involved the motor cortex (in 15 out of 16 patients) and then spread to other brain areas, including those responsible for the higher mental functions, vision, and hearing. The first transiently decreased muscle tone (in all patients) and improvement of neurological signs of awareness (in some patients) were observed immediately after injecting all hypertonic muscles with widespread BEA changes. The appearance of high-frequency EEG activity in the frontal areas was considered as a universal marker of an improved functional state of the brain during the disruption of pathological sensorimotor integration even before clinical signs, suggesting neuronal readiness to maintain various activities. In view of data obtained, the first-stage clinical measures in patients with disorders of consciousness should focus on disrupting pathological sensorimotor integration, opening a way for restoring neuronal functional activity, provided that all “pathological afferents” are reduced.
Countrywide Loan-Underwriting Expert System (1995)

Countrywide loan-underwriting expert system (clues) is an advanced, automated mortgage-underwriting rule-based expert system. The system was developed to increase the production capacity and productivity of Countrywide branches, improve the consistency of underwriting, and reduce the cost of originating a loan. The system receives selected information from the loan application, credit report, and appraisal. It then decides whether the loan should be approved or whether it requires further review by a human underwriter. If the system approves the loan, no further review is required, and the application is funded. clues has been in operation since February 1993 and is currently processing more than 8500 loans each month in over 300 decentralized branches around the country.
Topical niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin<sup>1</sup> (2004)

Previous clinical testing of topical niacinamide (vitamin B3) has revealed a broad array of improvements in the appearance of aging facial skin. The study reported here was done to confirm some of those previous observations and to evaluate additional end points such as skin anti-yellowing. Caucasian female subjects (n = 50, aged 40-60 years) participated in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face, left-right randomized clinical study assessing two topical products: moisturizer control product versus the same moisturizer product containing 5% niacinamide. Niacinamide was well tolerated by the skin and provided significant improvements versus control in end points evaluated previously: fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentation spots, texture, and red blotchiness. In addition, skin yellowing (sallowness) versus control was significantly improved. The mechanism by which this array of benefits is achieved with niacinamide is discussed.
선풍기를 활용한 소형 가전제품 모듈화 디자인 개발 - 1인 가구 생활자를 위한 스마트홈 서비스를 중심으로 (2019)

이 연구는 선풍기를 활용한 모듈화 제품과 스마트홈 서비스를 활용한 1인 가구 맞춤 소형 가전제품디자인에 관한 연구로 새로운 가구 형태인 1인 가구의 라이프스타일에 초점을 맞춰 제품디자인과 IoT 스마트홈 서비스를 이용한 디자인 개발이 진행되었다. 영국 디자인 카운슬의 더블 다이아몬드 디자인 프로세스를 기반으로 제품디자인 개발 프로세스를 적용해 더욱 심층적인 전문적인 연구가 이루어졌다.
연구 방법으로는 사용자 및 사용 환경에 대한 문헌조사를 기반으로 시장에 대한 분석이 진행되었으며, STP 분석을 통해 사용자 Target을 명확히 설정하였다. 그리고 FGI(Focus Group Interview)를 통해 사용자 needs 분석, 설문, 사용자 분석을 진행하여 실질적인 사용자에 대한 개선사항 및 문제점을 파악하였다. 위 내용을 기반으로 디자인 키워드 및 컨셉을 수립하여 소비자가 필요로 하는 제품을 개발하기 위해 디자인 구체화(Brain Storming, Idea Sketch, 3D Rendering, 시제품을 제작)를 진행 하였다. 시제품을 이용한 전문가 평가를 통해 도출된 의견을 기반으로 향후 연구 내용을 확립하였다.
선풍기를 활용한 모듈화 제품과 스마트 홈 서비스를 활용한 1인 가구 맞춤 소형 가전제품디자인 연구를 통해 새로운 유형의 가구 환경 변화에 맞춤형 제품디자인 개발 과정과 사용자 평가의 중요성이 유의미함을 검증하였다.
A New Approach in Spacecraft Monitoring for Efficient Use of the Deep Space Network (1997)

The Deep Space Network (DSN) is preparing to experiment with a new way of supporting highly autonomous missions. The spacecraft will use onboard intelligence to determine whether it is healthy and when ground contact is needed. It will transmit one of a very limited number of monitoring messages to the ground instead of full engineering telemetry of the spacecraft health. These messages will be monitored by a ground station. Based on the urgency of the message, the DSN will schedule an antenna to receive telemetry. Deep-space missions traditionally schedule ground antennas to receive engineering telemetry up to several times per week. This new approach can reduce the monitoring time to a few minutes per day and engineering telemetry to once every several weeks. This approach will be demonstrated on the flrst New Millennium Deep Space One (DS1) mission through the Beacon Monitor Experiment; it is being considered for use on upcoming missions to Europa and Pluto and possibly other missions as well. This article describes the experiment, end-to-end system design, operational scenarios, and cost beneflts of implementation options using difierent signaling schemes and ground antennas.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium Silicate Gate Dielectric Films Using Hf[N(CH[sub 3])(C[sub 2]H[sub 5])][sub 4] and SiH[N(CH[sub 3])[sub 2]][sub 3] Precursors (2005)

Hf-silicate gate dielectrics were formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology using the liquid and precursors. The advantages of these precursors as good materials is because their melting points and vapor pressures are in a comfortable working range. In ALD film formation, the growth rate per cycle was dependent on reactor pressures between 0.5 and 5.0 Torr chamber pressure. In order to obtain a good uniformity of less than 5%, the pressures of the reactor chamber were kept at 0.5 and 5.0 Torr for ALD of and ALD of films, respectively. The precursor made it possible to deposit the layers not only on films but also on films. Hf-silicate films were deposited at 275°C using alternating and ALD cycles. The thickness and the compositions of Hf-silicate films could be easily controlled by the number of the deposition cycles.
6.3: Plastic VGA Reflective Cholesteric LCDS with Dynamic Drive (1998)

Abstract We report the first fully addressable VGA size reflective cholesteric liquid crystal displays fabricated using thin plastic substrates. These displays have resolution of 133 dpi and are addressed with our dynamic drive scheme at a rate of two frames per second. These displays are bistable and require no backlight, resulting in very low power consumption that is ideal for portable battery‐powered applications. The displays have electro‐optical and optical properties similar to those made with glass but are thin and light weight. The displays are integrated into demonstration devices that store up to 16 images on interchangeable flash cards.
The Reactions of the Singlet NH Radicals with C4 Olefins in the Liquid Phase (1983)

Abstract The reactions of NH radicals with C4 olefins, trans- and cis-2-butenes, 1-butene, and isobutene, were investigated by the photolysis of hydrogen azide in the liquid olefin at 0 °C and at the temperature of Dry Ice–methanol. Except for nitrogen and ammonia, amines and aziridines were found to be formed in good yield. 2-Butene-1-amine and trans-2,3-dimethylaziridine from trans-2-butene, 2-butene-1-amine and cis-2,3-dimethylaziridine from cis-2-butene, 3-butene-1- and 2-amines and 2-ethylaziridine from 1-butene, and 2-methyl-2-propene-1-amine and 2,2-dimethylaziridine from isobutene. These product formations were successfully explained by the insertion into the C–H bond and the addition to the double bond of olefin by the singlet NH radicals. In the case of 2-butene, no isomerized aziridine formation was observed. This result suggested that the triplet NH radicals rarely add to the double bond of olefin.
Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Nanostructures and Microstructures:  Microcapsules from Electroactive and Photoactive Rod−Coil−Rod Triblock Copolymers (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSupramolecular Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Nanostructures and Microstructures: Microcapsules from Electroactive and Photoactive Rod−Coil−Rod Triblock CopolymersX. Linda Chen and Samson A. JenekheView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0166 Cite this: Macromolecules 2000, 33, 13, 4610–4612Publication Date (Web):June 7, 2000Publication History Received20 January 2000Revised19 April 2000Published online7 June 2000Published inissue 1 June 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma000100phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma000100prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1209Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Pharmaceuticals,Polymer science,Supramolecular structures and assemblies,Vesicles Get e-Alerts
Immunization with synthetic peptides containing a defined malaria epitope induces a highly diverse cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. Evidence that two peptide residues are buried in the MHC molecule (1992)

In the present study, we have explored ways of inducing a CTL response to a previously defined H-2Kd MHC class I restricted epitope in the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium berghei, and studied in detail the fine specificity of the response. We found that the s.c. injection of a variety of synthetic peptides emulsified in Freund's adjuvant efficiently induced a specific CTL response in (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1 (H-2d x H-2b) mice. In contrast, BALB/c mice responded only marginally, consistent with the possible requirement for a concomitant Th response that would be provided by the C57BL/6 strain. Similar to our previous observations in analyzing CTL clones from sporozoite-immunized mice, the CTL response induced by peptide immunization was in part cross-reactive with an epitope from the Plasmodium yoelii species. The minimal P. berghei CS epitope, the octapeptide PbCS 253-260, was studied in detail by the analysis of a series of variant CS peptides containing single Ala substitutions. The relative antigenic activity for each variant peptide was calculated for 28 different CTL clones. Overall, the response to this P. berghei CTL epitope appeared to be extremely diverse in terms of fine specificity. This was evident among the CTL derived from sporozoite-immunized mice, as well as among those from peptide-immunized animals. The heterogeneity found at the functional level correlates with the highly diverse TCR repertoire that we have found for the same series of CTL clones in a study that is reported separately. The relative competitor activity for each Ala-substituted peptide was also determined in a quantitative functional competition assay. For the residues (Tyr253 and Ile260) within the 8-mer CS peptide, substitution with Ala reduced competitor activity by at least 40-fold, and for two others the reduction was 5- to 10-fold. When the relative antigenic activity for each CTL/peptide combination was normalized to the relative competitor activity of the peptide, a striking pattern emerged. The two residues that most affected competitor activity showed no additional effect on recognition beyond that observed for competition. In marked contrast, Ala substitutions at the other five positions tested varied widely, depending on the CTL/peptide combination. This pattern not only supports a model whereby the Tyr253 and Ile260 residues anchor the peptide to the Kd molecule, but also implies that they are virtually inaccessible to the TCR.
Arsenic/interferon specifically reverses 2 distinct gene networks critical for the survival of HTLV-1-infected leukemic cells (2003)

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a severe chemotherapy-resistant malignancy associated with prolonged infection by the human T cell-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) retrovirus. Although the Tax viral transactivator is clearly an oncogene, the role of its continuous expression in the maintenance of the transformed phenotype is controversial. Because arsenic trioxide (As) and interferon alpha (IFN) synergize to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of ATL cells both ex vivo and in vitro, we investigated the effects of As alone and As/IFN combination on gene networks in HTLV-1-infected leukemic cells. The As/IFN combination reduced Tax expression and, accordingly, reversed the Tax-induced constitutive nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. Using DNA microarray analyses, we demonstrated that As rapidly and selectively blocks the transcription of NF-kappaB-dependent genes in HTLV-1-infected cells only. Reversal of NF-kappaB activation by As alone resulted from dramatic stabilization of IkappaB-alpha and IkappaB-epsilon, independently of IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity modulation or Tax degradation. In contrast, only the As/IFN combination induced late and massive down-regulation of cell cycle-regulated genes, concomitantly with Tax degradation by the proteasome and cell death induction, indicating the importance of continuous Tax expression for ATL cell survival. These 2 successive events likely account for the potent and specific effects of the As/IFN combination in ATL.
Channel measurements over 802.11a-based UAV-to-ground links (2011)

We analyze unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-to-ground links for an 802.11a-based small quadrotor UAV network with two on-board antennas via a set of field experiments. The paper presents our first results toward modeling the uplink and downlink channel and provide the path loss exponents for an open field and a campus scenario. We illustrate the impact of antenna orientation on the received signal strength and UDP throughput performance for different heights, yaws, and distances. When both antennas are horizontal (parallel to the flight direction plane), yaw differences can be handled, whereas a vertical antenna can assist against signal loss due to tilting of the UAV during acceleration/deceleration. Further work is required to analyze fading as well as UAV-UAV links in a multi-UAV network.
Revision of Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella Taxonomy: Emendation of Generic Descriptions and Proposal of Arcobacter gen. nov. (1991)

Hybridization experiments were carried out between DNAs from more than 70 strains of Campylobacter spp. and related taxa and either 3H-labeled 23S rRNAs from reference strains belonging to Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter sputorum, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter nitrofigilis, an unnamed Campylobacter sp. strain, and a Wolinella succinogenes strain or 3H- or 14C-labeled 23S rRNAs from 13 gram-negative reference strains. An immunotyping analysis of 130 antigens versus 34 antisera of campylobacters and related taxa was also performed. We found that all of the named campylobacters and related taxa belong to the same phylogenetic group, which we name rRNA superfamily VI and which is far removed from the gram-negative bacteria allocated to the five rRNA superfamilies sensu De Ley. There is a high degree of heterogeneity within this rRNA superfamily. Organisms belonging to rRNA superfamily VI should be reclassified in several genera. We propose that the emended genus Campylobacter should be limited to Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter mucosalis, Campylobacter sputorum, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari, and "Campylobacter upsaliensis." Wolinella curva and Wolinella recta are transferred to the genus Campylobacter as Campylobacter curvus comb. nov. and Campylobacter rectus comb. nov., respectively. Bacteroides gracilis and Bacteroides ureolyticus are generically misnamed and are closely related to the genus Campylobacter. Campylobacter nitrofigilis, Campylobacter cryaerophila, and an unnamed Campylobacter sp. strain constitute a new genus, for which the name Arcobacter is proposed; this genus contains two species, Arcobacter nitrofigilis comb. nov. (type species) and Arcobacter cryaerophilus comb. nov. Wolinella succinogenes so far is the only species of the genus Wolinella. The genus Helicobacter is also emended; Campylobacter cinaedi and Campylobacter fennelliae are included in this genus as Helicobacter cinaedi comb. nov. and Helicobacter fennelliae comb. nov., respectively. The genus "Flexispira," with "Flexispira rappini" as the only species, is closely related to the genus Helicobacter. The free-living, sulfur-reducing campylobacters do not belong to any of these genera; they probably constitute a distinct genus within rRNA superfamily VI.
AR interior designer: Automatic furniture arrangement using spatial and functional relationships (2014)

In big cities the population is increasing that leads to smaller flats. It is hard to pick a furniture that perfectly suits to the available space at home. Therefore it requires people to measure the available space by hands, which is inefficient. In this paper, we propose an Augmented Reality (AR) interior design tool. The furniture reseller can make virtual 3D furniture available, and then via AR the virtual furniture are rendered in the real scene of our home space. A depth camera is used to measure the size of available space (in terms of supporting surfaces) for new furniture, such as the floor and desk/table surfaces. By the meantime, the obstacles are detected and marked unavailable for furniture placement. In a glance, the user can quickly determine whether that furniture is suitable or fit enough to the available space. Sometimes, the user may buy two or more furniture. Our another contribution is recommending an optimum arrangement of the furniture by determining the spatial and functional relationship between different pieces of furniture. Some challenging cases of furniture placement are shown.
Bridged Cyclosporins (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBridged CyclosporinsMarcel K. Eberle and Francois NuningerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 15, 4868–4872Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00120a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00120a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Interprétation des mesures de contraintes par relaxation dans les formations argileuses profondes (2004)

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