gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of histone acetylation in the control of gene expression (2005)

Histone proteins play structural and functional roles in all nuclear processes. They undergo different types of covalent modifications, defined in their ensemble as epigenetic because changes in DNA sequences are not involved. Histone acetylation emerges as a central switch that allows interconversion between permissive and repressive chromatin domains in terms of transcriptional competence. The mechanisms underlying the histone acetylation-dependent control of gene expression include a direct effect on the stability of nucleosomal arrays and the creation of docking sites for the binding of regulatory proteins. Histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases are, respectively, the enzymes devoted to the addition and removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on the histone N-terminal tails. The enzymes exert fundamental roles in developmental processes and their deregulation has been linked to the progression of diverse human disorders, including cancer.
Über die copolymerisation von (3‐vinylphenylazo)‐methylmalonodinitril mit styrol 7. Mitteilung über azo‐initiatoren (1978)

Abstract (3‐Vinylphenylazo)‐methylmalonodinitrile ( 2 ) was copolymerized with styrene up to high conversion giving no remarkable change in the monomer composition. The reactions were carried out in emulsion at 5°C, in bulk at 50°C, and in solution at 60°C. The azo compound displays not only the properties of an initiator (thermolysis) and monomer (vinyl group), but also the behaviour of a retardation reagent (azo‐function) explaining the decrease of polymerization rates and of molecular weights with increasing amounts of azo compound.
Dihydrogen Tetrametaphosphate, [P <sub>4</sub> O <sub>12</sub> H <sub>2</sub> ] <sup>2–</sup> : Synthesis, Solubilization in Organic Media, Preparation of its Anhydride [P <sub>4</sub> O <sub>11</sub> ] <sup>2–</sup> and Acidic Methyl Ester, and Conversion to Tetrametaphosphate Metal Complexes via Protonolysis (2014)

Dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate [P4O12H2](2-) (1) can now be synthesized and isolated as its PPN salt ([PPN](+) = [N(PPh3)2](+)) via treatment of [PPN]4[P4O12] with trifluoroacetic anhydride in wet acetone; this simple procedure affords the oxoacid salt in 94% yield. A pKa of 15.83 ± 0.11 in acetonitrile was determined. [P4O12H2](2-) reacts with the dehydrating agent N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to afford tetrametaphosphate anhydride [P4O11](2-) (2) in 82% yield, also as the PPN salt. From 2 a monohydrogen tetrametaphosphate ester [P4O10(OH)(OMe)](2-) (3, 96%) was derived by addition of methanol, illustrating that 2 can function as a reagent for chemical phosphorylation. Addition of water to 2 regenerates 1 quantitatively. Deprotonation of 1 by metal amides in the +2 oxidation state led to the unconventional monomeric tin(II) κ(4) tetrametaphosphate [Sn(P4O12)](2-) (4, 78%, a molecular analog of SnO) and binary dimeric chromium(II) bis(μ2,κ(2),κ(2)) derivative [Cr2(P4O12)2](4-) (5, 82%). Structural data stemming from single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies for the PPN salts of anions 1-5 are also reported.
Identification of a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome and a deletion in the DiGeorge/Velo-cardio-facial chromosomal region in 22q11.2 (1995)

Journal Article Identification of a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome and a deletion in the DiGeorge/Velo-cardio-facial chromosomal region in 22q11.2 Get access Marcia L. Budarf, Marcia L. Budarf * 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA2Departments of PediatricsPhiladelphia, PA, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Barbara A. Konkle, Barbara A. Konkle 3The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical CollegePhiladelphia, PA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laural B. Ludlow, Laural B. Ludlow 3The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical CollegePhiladelphia, PA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dominique Michaud, Dominique Michaud 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mengrong Li, Mengrong Li 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Darrell J. Yamashiro, Darrell J. Yamashiro 4Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center BoulevardPhiladelphia, PA 19104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donna McDonald-McGinn, Donna McDonald-McGinn 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elaine H. Zackai, Elaine H. Zackai 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA2Departments of PediatricsPhiladelphia, PA, USA5Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PA Philadelphia, PA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Deborah A. Driscoll Deborah A. Driscoll 1Divisions of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA5Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PA Philadelphia, PA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 1995, Pages 763–766, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/4.4.763 Published: 01 April 1995 Article history Received: 07 December 1994 Revision received: 06 February 1995 Accepted: 06 February 1995 Published: 01 April 1995
Restoration of T-Cell Depression and Suppression of Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) by Allogeneic Thymus Grafts or Injection of Thymic Hormone (1981)

Experimental results demonstrate that allogeneic thymus graft completely restored the immune functions in the T-cell depressed SHR as detected by a rosette forming test, plaque forming assay and blastogenesis, and lowered titers of NTA in the serum of SHR. Injection of TS had less effects to immune functions and NTA titers. The relationship between T-cell depression and hypertension of SHR is not clear yet. However, allogeneic thymus grafts significantly suppressed hypertension of SHR from 2 weeks after grafts. Injections of TS prevented the development of hypertension in SHR. These results suggest that immunological abnormality may be related to development of hypertension in SHR.
Effect of the new pyrazole carboxamide fungicide penthiopyrad on late leaf spot and stem rot of peanut (2008)

Penthiopyrad has excellent potential for management of late leaf spot and stem rot of peanut, and may complement current SBI and QoI fungicides.
Case series of use of Manuka honey in leg ulceration (2005)

Gethin G, Cowman S. Case series of use of Manuka honey in leg ulceration. Abstract The historical and current literature reports the successful use of honey to manage a diversity of wound aetiologies. However, only in the last 40 years is research on its mode of action and contribution to wound healing being investigated. The challenge of managing chronic non healing wounds generated interest in researching non standard therapies. The aims of the study were to gain insight into the practical use of Manuka honey in wound management. The objective was to test the feasibility of further rigorous research into the use of honey in the management of chronic wounds. Instrumental case series were used to examine the use of Manuka honey in eight cases of leg ulceration. To collect the necessary data, photographs, acetate tracings, data monitoring and patient comments and observations were used to add greater reliability and validity to the findings. The wounds were dressed weekly with Manuka honey. The results obtained showed three males and five females with ulceration of different aetiologies were studied. A mean initial wound size for all wounds of 5.62 cm(2) was obtained. At the end of four-week treatment period, the mean size was 2.25 cm(2). Odour was eliminated and pain reduced. The conclusions drawn were that the use of Manuka honey was associated with a positive wound-healing outcome in these eight cases. Arterial wounds showed minimal improvement only.
Host cell deformability is linked to transmission in the human malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2012)

Gametocyte maturation in Plasmodium falciparum is a critical step in the transmission of malaria. While the majority of parasites proliferate asexually in red blood cells, a small fraction of parasites undergo sexual conversion and mature over 2 weeks to become competent for transmission to a mosquito vector. Immature gametocytes sequester in deep tissues while mature stages must be able to circulate, pass the spleen and present themselves to the mosquito vector in order to complete transmission. Sequestration of asexual red blood cell stage parasites has been investigated in great detail. These studies have demonstrated that induction of cytoadherence properties through specific receptor–ligand interactions coincides with a significant increase in host cell stiffness. In contrast, the adherence and biophysical properties of gametocyte-infected red blood cells have not been studied systematically. Utilizing a transgenic line for 3D live imaging, in vitro capillary assays and 3D finite element whole cell modelling, we studied the role of cellular deformability in determining the circulatory characteristics of gametocytes. Our analysis shows that the red blood cell deformability of immature gametocytes displays an overall decrease followed by rapid restoration in mature gametocytes. Intriguingly, simulations suggest that along with deformability variations, the morphological changes of the parasite may play an important role in tissue distribution in vivo. Taken together, we present a model, which suggests that mature but not immature gametocytes circulate in the peripheral blood for uptake in the mosquito blood meal and transmission to another human host thus ensuring long-term survival of the parasite.
The X-ray crystal structure of rapamycin, C<sub>51</sub>H<sub>79</sub>NO<sub>13</sub> (1978)

The antifungal antibiotic Rapamycin crystallises in the orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 with a = 34.85(2), b = 13.08(1), c = 12.25(1) Å. The molecular structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography to be a completely new type of macrolide antibiotic of formula C 51 H 79 NO 13 .
Efficient variants of Huffman codes in high level languages (1985)

Although it is well-known that Huffman Codes are optimal for text compression in a character-per-character encoding scheme, they are seldom used in practical situations since they require a bit-per-bit decoding algorithm, which has to be written in some assembly language, and will perform rather slowly. A number of methods are presented that avoid these difficulties. The decoding algorithms efficiently process the encoded string on a byte-per-byte basis, are faster than the original algorithm, and can be programmed in any high level language. This is achieved at the cost of storing some tables in the internal memory, but with no loss in the compression savings of the optimal Huffman codes. The internal memory space needed can be reduced either at the cost of increased processing time, or by using non-binary Huffman codes, which give sub-optimal compression. Experimental results for English and Hebrew text are also presented.
Web 2.0-Based Crowdsourcing for High-Quality Gold Standard Development in Clinical Natural Language Processing (2013)

This study offers three contributions. First, we proved that crowdsourcing is a feasible, inexpensive, fast, and practical approach to collect high-quality annotations for clinical text (when protected health information was excluded). We believe that well-designed user interfaces and rigorous quality control strategy for entity annotation and linking were critical to the success of this work. Second, as a further contribution to the Internet-based crowdsourcing field, we will publicly release the JavaScript and CrowdFlower Markup Language infrastructure code that is necessary to utilize CrowdFlower's quality control and crowdsourcing interfaces for named entity annotations. Finally, to spur future research, we will release the CTA annotations that were generated by traditional and crowdsourced approaches.
Rótulos de alimentos infantis: alguns aspectos das práticas de marketing no Brasil (1997)

Foi realizado um estudo com o objetivo da avaliar como as indústrias tem se adaptado à Norma Brasileira de Comercialização de Alimentos para Lactentes no que diz respeito à rotulagem e embalagem de seus produtos. Em 32 cidades de 13 estados brasileiros no período de 1995 a 1996, cerca de 125 produtos compreendendo mamadeiras, bicos, chupetas, alimentos infantis, fórmulas e leites fluidos foram analisados. Observou-se alguma tentativa de adequação à Norma, comparado a avaliações similares realizadas anteriormente. No entanto, diversos produtos permaneceram com rótulos em desacordo com as regras em todos os tipos estudados, destacando-se o caso de mamadeiras e chupetas. Nos produtos onde se exige "advertência", as vezes estas são observadas, mas precisam ser revistas devido ao não destaque que elas recebem. Monitoramentos como este devem ser periódicos para que os órgãos fiscalizadores da vigilância Sanitária recebam subsídios para um trabalho continuado e necessário de proteção contra o marketing inapropriado de substitutos do leite materno.
Avoiding “Synthon Crossover” in Crystal Engineering with Halogen Bonds and Hydrogen Bonds (2011)

A combination of halogen bonds and hydrogen bonds has been used for effective assembly of three co-crystals containing desired one-dimensional architectures where the interactions within each assembly can be modulated using tunable electrostatics. The central tecton in these structures, 2-aminopyrazine, can interact with suitable hydrogen-bond donors and halogen-bond donors simultaneously without any “synthon crossover”. When different 2-aminopyrazine-based molecules are co-crystallized with 1,4-diiodo-tetrafluorobenzene (DITFB), a N···I halogen bond is driving the co-crystal synthesis in each case, whereas the N–H···N/N···H–N homosynthon is responsible for creating infinite chains of alternating pyrazine and DITFB molecules in the three crystal structures. The importance of electrostatic and geometric complementarity for refining strategies for supramolecular synthesis is emphasized.
Comparison of long and short forms of the prolactin receptor on prolactin-induced milk protein gene transcription. (1991)

The biological activities of long and short forms of the prolactin receptor have been compared. These two receptors expressed in mammalian cells were shown to bind prolactin with equal high affinity. The ability of these different forms to transduce the hormonal message was estimated by their capacity to stimulate transcription by using the promoter of a milk protein gene fused to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding sequence. Experiments were performed in serum-free conditions to avoid the effect of lactogenic factors present in serum. An approximately 17-fold induction of CAT activity was obtained in the presence of prolactin when the long form of the prolactin receptor was expressed, whereas no induction was observed when the short form was expressed. The present results clearly establish that only the long form of the prolactin receptor is involved in milk protein gene transcription.
Waveguiding in air by total external reflection from ultralow index metamaterials (2004)

Metamaterials composed of metal-dielectric nanostructures can be engineered to have the real part of the effective refractive index less than unity at optical wavelengths. These materials show intriguing optical properties including total external reflection. We utilize this effect to design and analyze slab waveguide structures that guide visible light in an air core.
Automatic Ball Element Feed Mechanism for Ball Bearing Assembly (2019)

Bearings are one of the mostly used machine parts. Their rolling motion makes mostly all movements easier and they help in reducing friction. Industries manufacture many types of bearings, each used for different purpose. Bearing manufacturing companies are mostly semi-automatic or automatic. Now days all bearing companies minimize the maximum establishing cost and running cost for their unit. For reduction of both costs they must choose best method and process for manufacturing bearing. Automatic boll element feed mechanism for ball bearing assembly can impact these both costs instead of using computer operated system. This mechanism can automatically feed balls in ball bearing between outer race and inner race during an assembly. This mechanism is designed in that way so that it can operate by cam system with proper timing.
Efficient Intent Detection with Dual Sentence Encoders (2020)

Building conversational systems in new domains and with added functionality requires resource-efficient models that work under lowdata regimes (i.e., in few-shot setups). Motivated by these requirements, we introduce intent detection methods backed by pretrained dual sentence encoders such as USE and Con-veRT. We demonstrate the usefulness and wide applicability of the proposed intent detectors, showing that: 1) they outperform intent detectors based on fine-tuning the full BERT-Large model or using BERT as a fixed black-box encoder on three diverse intent detection data sets; 2) the gains are especially pronounced in few-shot setups (i.e., with only 10 or 30 annotated examples per intent); 3) our intent detectors can be trained in a matter of minutes on a single CPU; and 4) they are stable across different hyperparameter settings. In hope of facilitating and democratizing research focused on intention detection, we release our code, as well as a new challenging single-domain intent detection dataset comprising 13,083 annotated examples over 77 intents.
Healthful new oil from macadamia nuts. (1996)

Fatty acid profiles were obtained for macadamia nut oil and several other cooking oils. Macadamia nut oil contained the highest level (79%) of monounsaturated fatty acids. Macadamia nut oil is low (4%) in the omega-6 fatty acid 18:2n-6 and saturated fatty acids. Fatty acid profiles for popcorn cooked in several oils were obtained for comparison because of public awareness and concern over high levels of saturated fat found in popcorn sold in theaters. The nutritional implications of using macadamia nut oil are discussed.
A Pt–Ti–O gate Si-metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor hydrogen gas sensor (2010)

A hydrogen gas sensor based on platinum–titanium–oxygen (Pt–Ti–O) gate silicon-metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (Si-MISFETs) was developed. The sensor has a unique gate structure composed of titanium and oxygen accumulated around platinum grains on top of a novel mixed layer of nanocrystalline TiOx and superheavily oxygen-doped amorphous titanium formed on SiO2/Si substrates. The FET hydrogen sensor shows high reliability and high sensing amplitude (ΔVg) defined by the magnitude of the threshold voltage shift. ΔVg is well fitted by a linear function of the logarithm of air-diluted hydrogen concentration C (ppm), i.e., ΔVg(V)=0.355 log C(ppm)−0.610, between 100 ppm and 1%. This high gradient coefficient of ΔVg for the wide sensing range demonstrates that the sensor is suitable for most hydrogen-safety-monitoring sensor systems. The Pt–Ti–O structures of the sensor are typically realized by annealing Pt (15 nm)/Ti (5 nm)-gate Si-metal-oxide-semiconductor structures in air at 400 °C for 2 h. The Pt–Ti–O gate MIS structures were analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, and TEM energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. From the viewpoint of practical sensing applications, hydrogen postannealing of the Pt–Ti–O gate Si-MISFETs is necessary to reduce the residual sensing amplitudes with long tailing profiles.
Thermo-Mechanical Processing and Properties of a Ductile Iron (1997)

Thermo-mechanical processing of ductile irons is a potential method for enhancing their mechanical properties. A ductile cast iron containing 3.6% C, 2.6% Si and 0.045% Mg was continuously hot-and-warm rolled or one-step press-forged from a temperature in the austenite range (900{degrees}C-1100{degrees}C) to a temperature below the A, temperature. Various amounts of reduction were used (from 60% to more than 90%) followed by a short heat ent at 600`C. The heat ent lead to a structure of fine graphite in a matrix of ferrite and carbides. The hot-and- warm worked materials developed a pearlitic microstructure while the press-forged material developed a spheroidite-like carbide microstructure in the matrix. Cementite-denuded ferrite zones were developed around graphite stringers in the hot-and-warm worked materials, but such zones were absent in the press-forged material. Tensile properties including tensile strength and total elongation were measured along the direction parallel and transverse to the rolling direction and along the direction transverse to the press-forging direction. The tensile ductility and strength both increased with a decrease in the amount of hot-and-warm working. The press- forged materials showed higher strength (645 MPa) than the hot-and-warrn worked materials (575 MPa) when compared at the same ductility level (22% elongation).
FailureSense: Detecting Sensor Failure Using Electrical Appliances in the Home (2014)

With the proliferation of inexpensive sensors, sensors are increasingly being used in smart homes. Recent experience on long term sensor deployment in residential homes has identified the potential risk of various types of sensor failure. Motivated by real examples, we develop new schemes to detect not only fail-stop failure, but obstructed-view and moved-location failures that are not the traditional fault detection foci. Our proposed solution, FailureSense, uses a novel idea of using electrical appliances to detect sensor failure at home. We learn the regular patterns of sensor firing with respect to appliance activation events and report a failure when we observe a significant deviation from the regularity. By using data from three real home deployments of over 71 days and 2818 recorded turn on and off events of 19 monitored appliances, we observe that FailureSense can detect obstructed-view, moved-location, and fail-stop failures with 82.84%, 90.53%, and 86.87% precision, respectively, with an average of 88.81% recall.
Trust Evaluation and Dynamic Routing Decision Based on Fuzzy Theory for MANETs (2009)

As a kind of typical embedded system, MANET is a multi-hop self-configuring network with the topology changes dynamically. To model of the security, mobility, and dynamic changes of MANET, trust is used as a novel concept recently. In this paper, based on the classic fuzzy theory, the trust evaluation and the dynamic routing protocols for MANET are represented, to give the modeling of MANET with the fuzzy inference rules, and to improve the routing protocols with fuzzy dynamic programming. The experiments with OPNET show that the novel fuzzy trusted DSR protocols can reduce the Packet Drop Ratio and enhance the throughput with the acceptable End to End Delay in MANET.