gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The area code hypothesis revisited: Olfactory receptors and other related transmembrane receptors may function as the last digits in a cell surface code for assembling embryos (1998)

Recent evidence emerging from several laboratories, integrated with new data obtained by searching the genome databases, suggests that the area code hypothesis provides a good heuristic model for explaining the remarkable specificity of cell migration and tissue assembly that occurs throughout embryogenesis. The area code hypothesis proposes that cells assemble organisms, including their brains and nervous systems, with the aid of a molecular-addressing code that functions much like the country, area, regional, and local portions of the telephone dialing system. The complexity of the information required to code cells for the construction of entire organisms is so enormous that we assume that the code must make combinatorial use of members of large multigene families. Such a system would reuse the same receptors as molecular digits in various regions of the embryo, thus greatly reducing the total number of genes required. We present the hypothesis that members of the very large families of olfactory receptors and vomeronasal receptors fulfill the criteria proposed for area code molecules and could serve as the last digits in such a code. We discuss our evidence indicating that receptors of these families are expressed in many parts of developing embryos and suggest that they play a key functional role in cell recognition and targeting not only in the olfactory system but also throughout the brain and numerous other organs as they are assembled.
Baseline characteristics, chromosomal alterations, and treatment affecting prognosis of deletion 17p in newly diagnosed myeloma (2016)

Deletion 17p13, del(17p), is associated with poor outcome in myeloma but some patients show long-term survival. With the current study we intended to identify factors impacting outcome of such high risk patients. We analyzed 110 newly diagnosed, symptomatic patients with del(17p) detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in CD138-purified myeloma cells to identify prognostic factors for survival. Age >65 years, ISS III, and elevated LDH negatively impacted survival. Patients with subclonal (10-60% of plasma cells) del(17p) had longer progression-free survival (PFS) than patients with del(17p) in >60% of plasma cells (26 vs. 19 months, P = 0.03). Additional gain of 1q21 was associated with shorter PFS (17 vs. 25 months, P = 0.01). Hyperdiploidy did not ameliorate impact of del(17p), but gain 19q13 predicted longer PFS (30 vs. 18 months, P = 0.01) and overall survival (50 vs. 29 months, P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis in transplant eligible patients (≤65 years) revealed better survival for patients treated with upfront autologous transplantation (hazard ratio, [95% confidence interval]: 0.15 [0.04, 0.58], P = 0.006). Application of maintenance therapy was associated with better survival in transplant-eligible patients (0.30 [0.09, 0.99], P = 0.05). We demonstrate heterogeneous outcome of patients with del(17p) according to baseline characteristics and treatment. 19q13 should be included in routine FISH panel, since gains were associated with better survival. Am. J. Hematol. 91:E473-E477, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A nickase Cas9 gene-drive system promotes super-Mendelian inheritance in Drosophila (2022)

CRISPR-based gene-drives have been proposed for managing insect populations, including disease-transmitting mosquitoes, due to their ability to bias their inheritance toward super-Mendelian rates (>50%). Current technologies use a Cas9 that introduces DNA double-strand breaks into the opposing wild-type allele to replace it with a copy of the gene-drive allele via DNA homology-directed repair. However, the use of different Cas9 versions is unexplored, and alternative approaches could increase the available toolkit for gene-drive designs. Here, we report a gene-drive that relies on Cas9 nickases that generate staggered paired nicks in DNA to propagate the engineered gene-drive cassette. We show that generating 5' overhangs in the system yields efficient allelic conversion. The nickase gene-drive arrangement produces large, stereotyped deletions that are advantageous to eliminate viable animals carrying small mutations when targeting essential genes. Our nickase approach should expand the repertoire for gene-drive arrangements aimed at applications in mosquitoes and beyond.
THE STAGE OF THE GENOME-PLASMON INTERACTION IN THE RESTORATION OF FERTILITY TO CYTOPLASMICALLY POLLEN-STERILE MAIZE (1961)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Cytotoxic activity of azelaic acid against human melanoma primary cultures and established cell lines. (1991)

The in vitro cytotoxic activity of azelaic acid was studied with 25 human melanoma primary cultures and with 5 established cell lines characterized by different contents of melanotic pigment. A dose-dependent antiproliferative effect was observed in both the experimental systems, even though cell lines displayed a slightly greater susceptibility to the compound, with ID50 values generally lower than those for fresh human tumors. Our results do not demonstrate a clear difference between melanotic and non-melanotic melanomas in sensitivity to azelaic acid. The early interference of azelaic acid on nucleic acid metabolism was investigated additionally with 15 human melanoma primary cultures. There were significant inhibitions of RNA and DNA synthesis in a remarkable percentage of tumors, at the highest concentrations of the compound. Moreover, cell proliferation of tumors that showed these antimetabolic effects was always significantly depressed by lower drug concentration as well as by the highest.
Outsourcing privacy-preserving social networks to a cloud (2013)

In the real world, companies would publish social networks to a third party, e.g., a cloud service provider, for marketing reasons. Preserving privacy when publishing social network data becomes an important issue. In this paper, we identify a novel type of privacy attack, termed 1∗-neighborhood attack. We assume that an attacker has knowledge about the degrees of a target's one-hop neighbors, in addition to the target's 1-neighborhood graph, which consists of the one-hop neighbors of the target and the relationships among these neighbors. With this information, an attacker may re-identify the target from a k-anonymity social network with a probability higher than 1/k, where any node's 1-neighborhood graph is isomorphic with k-1 other nodes' graphs. To resist the 1∗-neighborhood attack, we define a key privacy property, probability indistinguishability, for an outsourced social network, and propose a heuristic indistinguishable group anonymization (HIGA) scheme to generate an anonymized social network with this privacy property. The empirical study indicates that the anonymized social networks can still be used to answer aggregate queries with high accuracy.
Front Cover: Liquid‐Like Phases Preorder Peptides for Supramolecular Assembly (ChemSystemsChem 6/2020) (2020)

The Front Cover depicts the diverse array of single β-sheets that we have identified spectroscopically existing within metastable solute-rich peptide phases. As the particle phase grows in time, sheet-sheet stacking appears to nucleate fibril assembly. More information can be found in the Communication by Anil K. Mehta, David G. Lynn and co-workers.
Acute Regulation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Response to Nerve Growth Factor (1991)

PC12 cells possess specific receptors for both nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and by an unknown mechanism, nerve growth factor is able to attenuate the propagation of a mitogenic response to epidermal growth factor. The differentiation response of PC12 cells to nerve growth factor, therefore, predominates over the proliferative response to epidermal growth factor. We have observed that the addition of nerve growth factor to PC12 cells rapidly produces a decrease in surface 125I-epidermal growth factor binding capacity. Unlike previously described nerve growth factor effects on 125I-epidermal growth factor binding capacity, which required several days of nerve growth factor exposure, the decreases we report occur within minutes of nerve growth factor addition: A 50% decrease in 125I-epidermal growth factor binding capacity is evident at 10 min. This rapid nerve growth factor response is concentration dependent; inhibition of 125I-epidermal growth factor binding is detectable at nerve growth factor levels as low as 0.2 ng/ml and is maximal at approximately 50 ng/ml, consistent with known ranges of biological activity. No demonstrable differences in the rate of epidermal growth factor receptor synthesis or degradation were observed in cells acutely exposed to nerve growth factor. Scatchard analysis revealed that acute nerve growth factor treatment decreased the number of both high- and low-affinity 125I-epidermal growth factor binding sites, while the receptor affinity remained unchanged. We have also investigated the involvement of various potential intracellular mediators of nerve growth factor action and of known intracellular modulatory systems of the epidermal growth factor receptor for their capacity to participate in this nerve growth factor activity.
On Handover Procedure with Data Forwarding for Reducing Buffered User Data in Base Stations (2009)

Network-based localized mobility management is a promising approach for seamless migration of mobile network operators to service provisioning with multiple access network technologies. The tunnel-based data-forwarding approach, which is friendly to network-based localized mobility management, realizes seamless mobility, that is, no user-data loss and short disruption of mobile node (MN) communications. This approach buffers user data (packets) when an MN makes a handover. The required amount of the buffer substantially increases when a large number of MNs make handovers simultaneously. We analyze the relationship between the amount of the buffered user data, and the propagation delays of signaling messages and user data for two types of handover procedures which have been standardized in 3GPP. And then, modifications to the handover procedures are proposed in terms of reducing buffered user data. A packet-based simulation shows that the modifications can reduce the buffered user data to one-tenth at maximum. The proposal also includes a realistic architectural indication on the link delay alignment.
An InGaAs/InP quantum well finfet using the replacement fin process integrated in an RMG flow on 300mm Si substrates (2014)

InGaAs FinFETs fabricated by an unique Si fin replacement process have been demonstrated on 300mm Si substrates. The devices are integrated by process modules developed for a Si-IIIV hybrid 300mm R&D pilot line, compatible for future CMOS high-volume manufacturing. First devices with a SS of 190 mV/dec and extrinsic gm of 558 μS/μm are achieved for an EOT of 1.9nm, L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</sub> of 50nm and fin width of 55nm. A trade-off between off state leakage and mobility for different p-type doping levels of the InP and InGaAs layers is found and the RMG high-κ last processing is demonstrated to offer significant performance improvements over that of high-κ first.
The Ethylsulfinate Ligand:  A Highly Efficient Initiating Group for the Zinc β-Diiminate Catalyzed Copolymerization Reaction of CO<sub>2</sub> and Epoxides (2002)

The quantitative synthesis of a series of new zinc(II) sulfinate complexes (4a−e) by insertion of SO2 into zinc−ethyl bonds of β-diiminate complexes ((ArNC(CH3)CH(CH3)CNAr)Zn(O(SO)Et); Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (4a), 2,6-diethylphenyl (4b), 2-ethyl-6-isopropylphenyl (4c), 2,6-diphenylphenyl (4d), 2,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)phenyl (4e)) is described. X-ray structure analysis reveals a dinuclear, μ-ethylsulfinate-bridged structure for 4a in the solid state, which in solution exists in an equilibrium with the mononuclear species. The easily accessible complexes 4a−c are highly active catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide, leading to products with narrow molecular weight distributions.
Matching records in multiple databases using a hybridization of several technologies. (2008)

A major problem with integrating information from multiple databases is that the same data objects can exist in inconsistent data formats across databases and a variety of attribute variations, making it difficult to identify matching objects using exact string matching. In this research, a variety of models and methods have been developed and tested to alleviate this problem. A major motivation for this research is that the lack of efficient tools for patient record matching still exists for health care providers. This research is focused on the approximate matching of patient records with third party payer databases. This is a major need for all medical treatment facilities and hospitals that try to match patient treatment records with records of insurance companies, Medicare, Medicaid and the veteran's administration. Therefore, the main objectives of this research effort are to provide an approximate matching framework that can draw upon multiple input service databases, construct an identity, and match to third party payers with the highest possible accuracy in object identification and minimal user interactions. This research describes the object identification system framework that has been developed from a hybridization of several technologies, which compares the object's shared attributes in order to identify matching object. Methodologies and techniques from other fields, such as information retrieval, text correction, and data mining, are integrated to develop a framework to address the patient record matching problem. This research defines the quality of a match in multiple databases by using quality metrics, such as Precision, Recall, and F-measure etc, which are commonly used in Information Retrieval. The performance of resulting decision models are evaluated through extensive experiments and found to perform very well. The matching quality performance metrics, such as precision, recall, F-measure, and accuracy, are over 99%, ROC index are over 99.50% and mismatching rates are less than 0.18% for each model generated based on different data sets. This research also includes a discussion of the problems in patient records matching; an overview of relevant literature for the record matching problem and extensive experimental evaluation of the methodologies, such as string similarity functions and machine learning that are utilized. Finally, potential improvements and extensions to this work are also presented.
욕창치유 사정도구를 적용한 내과중환자실 입원환자의 욕창특성 (2015)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of the pressure ulcer in patients who are admitted to the medical intensive care unit, by using the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) tool. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from medical records of 41 patients who admitted in the intensive care unit of an hospital between April 1st in 2010 and August 31st in 2011. The patients had 72 pressure ulcers altogether. Collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS IBM WIN version 21.0. Results: According to the assessment of PUSH, frequency of occurrence of pressure ulcers was in the sacrum and coccyx area 47.2% and buttocks area 15.3%, heels area 15.3%, occipital area 11.1%, ankle and knees area 1.4%. During the hospital stay, the degree of pressure ulcer healing was completely cured 19.6%, decreased 22.2%, no change 36.0%, and increased 22.2%. The PUSH scores was significantly different on bowel incontinence but no different on the use of ventilator, in statistically. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that PUSH can be a valid assessment tool for the pressure ulcer and an evidence-based tool for tracking changes in the pressure ulcer. Therefore, it is possible to use as a basic data for clinical practice guidelines for the pressure ulcer.
Heterogeneous multiprocessor mapping for real-time streaming systems (2011)

Real-time streaming signal processing systems typically de sire high throughput and low latency. Many such systems can be modeled as synchronous data flow graphs. In this paper, we address the problem of multi-objective mapping of SDF graphs onto heterogeneous multi-processor platforms. The primary contributions include (1) an integer linear programming (ILP) model that globally optimizes throughput, latency and cost; (2) a low-complexity two-stage heuristic based on a combination of an evolutionary algorithm with an ILP to generate either a single sub-optimal mapping solution or a Pareto front for design space optimization. In our simulations, the proposed heuristic shows a 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-6</sup> gap from the ILP optimal solution, with up to 12× better run-time efficiency.
B7-H4 Pathway in Islet Transplantation and<i>β</i>-Cell Replacement Therapies (2011)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease and characterized by absolute insulin deficiency. β-cell replacement by islet cell transplantation has been established as a feasible treatment option for T1D. The two main obstacles after islet transplantation are alloreactive T-cell-mediated graft rejection and recurrence of autoimmune diabetes mellitus in recipients. T cells play a central role in determining the outcome of both autoimmune responses and allograft survival. B7-H4, a newly identified B7 homolog, plays a key role in maintaining T-cell homeostasis by reducing T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. The relationship between B7-H4 and allograft survival/autoimmunity has been investigated recently in both islet transplantation and the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse models. B7-H4 protects allograft survival and generates donor-specific tolerance. It also prevents the development of autoimmune diabetes. More importantly, B7-H4 plays an indispensable role in alloimmunity in the absence of the classic CD28/CTLA-4 : B7 pathway, suggesting a synergistic/additive effect with other agents such as CTLA-4 on inhibition of unwanted immune responses.
Asymmetric reduction of prochiral 3-aryl-3-oxoesters with lithium borohydride using N,N′-dibenzoylcystine as a chiral auxiliary (1985)

Optically active 3-aryl-3-hydroxyesters of high enantiomeric excess (80–92% e.e.) are obtained by the reduction of 3-aryl-3-oxoesters with lithium borohydride which has been chirally modified with N,N′-dibenzoylcystine and t-butyl alcohol.
Characterizing the intelligence analysis process: Informing visual analytics design through a longitudinal field study (2011)

While intelligence analysis has been a primary target domain for visual analytics system development, relatively little user and task analysis has been conducted within this area. Our research community's understanding of the work processes and practices of intelligence analysts is not deep enough to adequately address their needs. Without a better understanding of the analysts and their problems, we cannot build visual analytics systems that integrate well with their work processes and truly provide benefit to them. In order to close this knowledge gap, we conducted a longitudinal, observational field study of intelligence analysts in training within the intelligence program at Mercyhurst College. We observed three teams of analysts, each working on an intelligence problem for a ten-week period. Based upon study findings, we describe and characterize processes and methods of intelligence analysis that we observed, make clarifications regarding the processes and practices, and suggest design implications for visual analytics systems for intelligence analysis.
How much energy is needed to run a wireless network? (2011)

In order to quantify the energy efficiency of a wireless network, the power consumption of the entire system needs to be captured. In this article, the necessary extensions with respect to existing performance evaluation frameworks are discussed. The most important addenda of the proposed energy efficiency evaluation framework (E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> F) are a sophisticated power model for various base station types, as well as large-scale long-term traffic models. The BS power model maps the RF output power radiated at the antenna elements to the total supply power of a BS site. The proposed traffic model emulates the spatial distribution of the traffic demands over large geographical regions, including urban and rural areas, as well as temporal variations between peak and off-peak hours. Finally, the E <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> F is applied to quantify the energy efficiency of the downlink of a 3GPP LTE radio access network.
Eddy-current Nondestructive Testing Equipment for Cracks in Land-based Gas Turbine (2002)

It is quite important to nondestructively comprehend the depths of surface-breaking cracks for the life assessment and judgmental standards for timing to recoat blades in land-based gas turbines. Eddy current testing (ECT) is very attractive because it offers both very high detectablity and high scanning speeds. However it is not straightforward to apply a conventional ECT probe to blades having complex geometry. Flexible ECT probe arrays have been developed to overcome the major limitations of existing systems. The use of an array of sensors allows cracks of all lengths to be detected and will ultimately allow real time data imaging to provide rapid inspection and easy interpretation. In this study based on eddy current techniques, crack detection equipment was developed and applied to 1100℃-class gas turbine blades for field use. By using this equipment, ECT data can be quickly taken at leading edges, and concave and convex sides of the blade mounted in a rotor after a turbine casing is removed.
An efficient method for hot-spot identification in ULSI circuits (1999)

In this paper, we present a method to efficiently identify the on-chip hot spots in ULSI circuits. A set of mathematical formulae were derived in analytical forms so that local temperature information can be fetched quickly. These formulae were based on the Green's function and error function approximation, and the resulting equations were further simplified to a tractable level by asserting different constraints. Experimental result shows that this method is able to accurately locate the hot spots with little time complexity. It is particularly useful for temperature-driven circuit macro placement in the early chip design phase, for which a large number of design iterations are needed and simulation efficiency is required.
SQL Server 2005管理工具：探究为管理员和开发人员提供的多种新的管理工具 (2005)

SQL Server 2005为数据库管理员和开发人员提供了多种方便、实用的管理工具，包括配置管理工具、Management Studio等，为您执行数据库管理任务、进行查询编辑提供了最好的支持。详情就请阅读本文吧。