gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Straddling the crevasse: A review of microservice software architecture foundations and recent advancements (2019)

Summary Microservice architecture style has been gaining wide impetus in the software engineering industry. Researchers and practitioners have adopted the microservices concepts into several application domains such as the internet of things, cloud computing, service computing, and healthcare. Applications developed in alignment with the microservices principles require an underlying platform with management capabilities to coordinate the different microservice units and ensure that the application functionalities are delivered to the user. A multitude of approaches has been proposed for the various tasks in microservices‐based systems. However, since the field is relatively young, there is a need to organize the different research works. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the research approaches directed toward microservice architectures and propose a multilevel taxonomy to categorize the existing research. The study also discusses the different distributed computing paradigms employing microservices and identifies the open research challenges in the domain.
Synthesis of 5-Substituted Pyrimidine Nucleosides (1965)

Uridine-5-carboxaldehyde (I), uridien-5-carboxylic acid (II), and 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyluronic acid) uracil-5-carboxaldehyde (III) were isolated and characterized form the reaction products obtained after catalytic oxidation of uridine-5-methanol (IV). Five aldehyde hydrazone derivatives of I and III were synthesized. Catalytic oxidation of several pyrimidine nucleosides gave the corresponding uronic acid derivatives. The ease of the oxidation of these compounds was found different, depending upon the base moieties.
Embedded Deep Neural Network Processing: Algorithmic and Processor Techniques Bring Deep Learning to IoT and Edge Devices (2017)

Deep learning has recently become immensely popular for image recognition, as well as for other recognition and pattern matching tasks in, e.g., speech processing, natural language processing, and so forth. The online evaluation of deep neural networks, however, comes with significant computational complexity, making it, until recently, feasible only on power-hungry server platforms in the cloud. In recent years, we see an emerging trend toward embedded processing of deep learning networks in edge devices: mobiles, wearables, and Internet of Things (IoT) nodes. This would enable us to analyze data locally in real time, which is not only favorable in terms of latency but also mitigates privacy issues. Yet evaluating the powerful but large deep neural networks with power budgets in the milliwatt or even microwatt range requires a significant improvement in processing energy efficiency.
Nanog Reverses the Effects of Organismal Aging on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Myogenic Differentiation Potential (2012)

Although the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is widely accepted, loss of cell function due to donor aging or culture senescence are major limiting factors hampering their clinical application. Our laboratory recently showed that MSCs originating from older donors suffer from limited proliferative capacity and significantly reduced myogenic differentiation potential. This is a major concern, as the patients most likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease are elderly. Here we tested the hypothesis that a single pluripotency-associated transcription factor, namely Nanog, may reverse the proliferation and differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) from adult donors. Microarray analysis showed that adult (a)BM-MSC expressing Nanog clustered close to Nanog-expressing neonatal cells. Nanog markedly upregulated genes involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair and enhanced the proliferation rate and clonogenic capacity of aBM-MSC. Notably, Nanog reversed the myogenic differentiation potential and restored the contractile function of aBM-MSC to a similar level as that of neonatal (n)BM-MSC. The effect of Nanog on contractility was mediated--at least in part--through activation of the TGF-β pathway by diffusible factors secreted in the conditioned medium of Nanog-expressing BM-MSC. Overall, our results suggest that Nanog may be used to overcome the effects of organismal aging on aBM-MSC, thereby increasing the potential of MSC from aged donors for cellular therapy and tissue regeneration.
A framework for network monitoring and performance based routing in distributed middleware systems (2006)

The Internet is presently being used to support increasingly complex interaction models as a result of more and more applications, services and frameworks becoming network centric. Efficient utilization of network and networked-resources is of paramount importance. Network performance gathering is a precursor to any scheme that seeks to provide adaptive routing capabilities for interactions. Furthermore, hardware based performance based routing solutions are hard to manage since they require a knowledge about the underlying hardware structure of the network, as well as access privileges to the network related hardware devices. 
In this thesis we present de-centralized, scalable, and hardware independent performance based dynamic routing system which consists of three parts; performance monitoring, aggregation and dynamic routing. We present a network performance aggregation framework that is extensible and appropriate for distributed messaging systems that span multiple realms, disparate communication protocols and support different applications. We propose using publish/subscribe messaging scheme for efficient propagation of monitored performance values in the network system. We present the test results regarding the difference aspects of our system for different network settings.
Refractive index and extinction coefficient of doped polycrystalline silicon films in infrared spectrum (2016)

The refractive index and extinction coefficient in infrared spectrum of the polycrystalline silicon films with different doped dosages, base on the inverse calculation, are obtained by means of utilizing the measured reflectance and transmittance of a layer of material and multilayer films, and the equations derived from photonics and electromagnetic theory. The calculation results demonstrate that the refractive index of the doped polycrystalline silicon films decreases with the doped dosages increasing and the extinction coefficient increases with the doped dosages increasing for a given wavelength. This method used for determining the refractive index and extinction coefficient of the polycrystalline silicon films is effective and has the advantage of that the measured samples are fabricated simply.
Efficient synthesis of the antigenic phosphoglycans of the Leishmania parasite (2001)

Antigenic phosphoglycan repeats of the Leishmania parasite can be assembled in a flexible and efficient manner without involving any glycosidation steps, and the chain can be extended either towards the non-reducing (6'-OH) or reducing (1-OH) end suitable for synthesis of lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and analogues.
The Synthesis of Melatonin Antigens (1979)

The synthetic strategy required for the development of a radioimmunoassay for the hormone melatonin* is discussed. A facile entry into the N -(1-carboxyalkyl)melatonins (9), (10), (11) is described. The utility of these compounds as versatile haptens for the synthesis of melatonin antigens (12), (13), (14) is demonstrated.
[Effect of cytarabine on expression of cell adhesion molecules and on endothelium-leukocyte interaction in vitro]. (2006)

Cytarabine, as a pathogenetic factor, induces proinflammatory alterations of the endothelium responsible for development of vascular complications in patients on cytostatic therapy.
Selective Regulation of N-Type Ca Channels by Different Combinations of G-Protein β/γ Subunits and RGS Proteins (2000)

We examined the effects of G-protein beta and gamma subunit heterodimers on human alpha(1B) (N-type) Ca channels expressed in HEK293 cells. All of the known beta subunits (beta1-beta5) produced voltage-dependent inhibition of alpha(1B) Ca channels, depending on the gamma subunit found in the heterodimer. beta1-beta4 subunits inhibited Ca channels when paired with gamma1-gamma3. However, beta5 subunits only produced inhibition when paired with gamma2. In contrast, heterodimers between beta5 subunits and RGS (regulators of G-protein signaling) proteins containing GGL domains did not produce inhibition of Ca channels. However, GGL domain-containing RGS proteins (e.g., RGS6 and RGS11) did block the ability of Gbeta5/gamma2 heterodimers to inhibit Ca channels. Because all of the G-protein beta subunits are found in the nervous system, we conclude that they may all potentially participate in Ca channel inhibition. The interaction of GGL-containing RGS proteins with Gbeta5gamma2 suggests a novel way in which Ca channels can be regulated.
The effects of short‐term load duration on anabolic and catabolic gene expression in the rat tail intervertebral disc (2005)

The goal of this study was to determine the time-dependent response of the intervertebral disc cells to in vivo dynamic compression. Forty-seven skeletally mature Wistar rats (>12 months old) were instrumented with an Ilizarov-type device spanning caudal disc 8-9. Using a load magnitude (1 MPa) and frequency (1.0 Hz) that were previously shown to significantly alter mRNA levels in the disc, the effects of 0.5 and 4 h of loading were investigated and compared to a sham group and our previous 2 h results. Annulus and nucleus tissue of loaded (c8-9) and internal control discs (c6-7 and c10-11) were separately analyzed by real-time RT-PCR for levels of mRNA coding for various anabolic (collagen-1A1, collagen-2A1, aggrecan) and catabolic (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTs-4) proteins. In the annulus, mRNA levels increased for Collagen types I & II, and MMP 3 & 13 with increasing load duration. In contrast, the nucleus had the largest increases in aggrecan, ADAMTs-4, MMP-3 and MMP-13 after 2 h of loading, with aggrecan and MMP-13 mRNA levels returning to control values after 4 h of loading. Taken in context with our previous studies, we conclude that intervertebral disc cells from the nucleus and annulus have distinct responses to dynamic mechanical compression in vivo with sensitivity to compression magnitude, frequency and duration.
The EBV oncogene LMP1 protects lymphoma cells from cell death through the collagen-mediated activation of DDR1 (2013)

The malignant Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of Hodgkin lymphoma are surrounded by a tumor microenvironment that is composed of a variety of cell types, as well as noncellular components such as collagen. Although HRS cells harbor oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in approximately 50% of cases, it is not known if the tumor microenvironment contributes to EBV-driven lymphomagenesis. We show that expression of the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) in primary human germinal center B cells, the presumed progenitors of HRS cells, upregulates discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by collagen. We also show that HRS cells intimately associated with collagen frequently overexpress DDR1 and that short-term exposure to collagen is sufficient to activate DDR1 in Hodgkin lymphoma-derived cell lines. The ectopic expression of DDR1 significantly increased the survival of collagen-treated DG75 Burkitt lymphoma cells, following etoposide treatment. Conversely, knockdown of DDR1 significantly decreased the survival of collagen-treated L428 Hodgkin lymphoma cells in the absence of specific apoptotic stimulus, suggesting that DDR1 also influences baseline survival. Our results identify a hitherto unknown function for collagen in protecting Hodgkin lymphoma cells from apoptosis and suggest an important contribution of the tumor microenvironment in promoting the oncogenic effects of EBV.
The multiple facets of FcRn in immunity (2015)

The neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, is best known for its role in transporting IgG in various tissues, providing newborns with humoral immunity, and for prolonging the half-life of IgG. Recent findings implicate the involvement of FcRn in a far wider range of biological and immunological processes, as FcRn has been found to bind and extend the half-life of albumin; to be involved in IgG transport and antigen sampling at mucosal surfaces; and to be crucial for efficient IgG-mediated phagocytosis. Herein, the function of FcRn will be reviewed, with emphasis on its recently documented significance for IgG polymorphisms affecting the half-life and biodistribution of IgG3, on its role in phagocyte biology, and the subsequent role for the presentation of antigens to lymphocytes.
Repeatability of redundant manipulators: mathematical solution of the problem (1988)

Consider a redundant manipulator whose hand is to trace a path in its workspace. A local control strategy that governs the manipulator is a law that assigns an infinitesimal change in the joint angles so that the hand will move infinitesimally in the direction designated by the path. Because of the redundancy, there can be many such control strategies. For some strategies it turns out that when the hand returns to its initial position, the joint angles do not always return to their initial values. To determine a priori whether a given local control strategy guarantees repeatability or not, it is necessary to deduce its global properties as well as its local properties. This is achieved by considering integral surfaces for a distribution in the joint space. This yields a necessary and sufficient condition, in terms of Lie brackets, for a control to be repeatable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fluorescence probes based on 9‐acridyl derivatives of aromatic amines for monitoring free‐radical polymerization (2002)

Abstract The series of 9‐acridyl derivatives of aromatic amines have been investigated as fluorescent probes for monitoring the progress of free‐radical polymerization. This study on the changes in the fluorescence intensity and spectroscopic shift of specific compounds was carried out during thermally initiated polymerization of methyl methacrylate and photoinitiated polymerization of 2‐ethyl‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1,3‐propanediol triacrylate‐1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidonone mixture. The purpose of this investigation was to find a relationship between the changes in the shape and intensity of fluorescent probes and the degree of monomer conversion into a polymer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3481–3488, 2002
Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses: syncytia formation (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DNN-based enhancement of noisy and reverberant speech (2016)

In the real world, speech is usually distorted by both reverberation and background noise. In such conditions, speech intelligibility is degraded substantially, especially for hearing-impaired (HI) listeners. As a consequence, it is essential to enhance speech in the noisy and reverberant environment. Recently, deep neural networks have been introduced to learn a spectral mapping to enhance corrupted speech, and shown significant improvements in objective metrics and automatic speech recognition score. However, listening tests have not yet shown any speech intelligibility benefit. In this paper, we propose to enhance the noisy and reverberant speech by learning a mapping to reverberant target speech rather than anechoic target speech. A preliminary listening test was conducted, and the results show that the proposed algorithm is able to improve speech intelligibility of HI listeners in some conditions. Moreover, we develop a masking-based method for denoising and compare it with the spectral mapping method. Evaluation results show that the masking-based method outperforms the mapping-based method.
Verticillin A, a new antibiotic from Verticillium sp. (1971)

H. Minato, M. Matsumoto and T. Katayama, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1971, 44 DOI: 10.1039/C29710000044
Pulse Width Modulation Control of Robots With Structural Flexibility (2000)

Abstract The accuracy to which the end effector of a robotic manipulator can be positioned is often limited by structural flexibilities and nonlinear friction. This paper develops a control design methodology for such systems based on pulse width modulation. This methodology achieves comparatively very accurate point-to-point position control and does not require a high fidelity model of either the robot dynamics or the friction behavior. Conditions under which the controller must directly treat plant structural flexibility are presented. Conditions on parameters of the closed loop system that guarantee stability and a well defined level of performance are given. The methodology is demonstrated by application to a six axis industrial robot.
On the Pharyngeal Feeding Filter of the Salp <i>Pegea confoederata</i> (Tunicata: Thaliacea) (1991)

Abstract In Pegea , scanning electron microscopy of what appear to be the least damaged portions of the filter shows that it has a regular rectangular mesh consisting of thick (100 nm) fibres at right angles to thinner (50 nm) fibres. The rectangular pores of the filter are around 3.3 × 0.57 μm. These measured values from filters that have suffered shrinkage (to an uncertain degree) during preparation are considered to indicate that the actual pore size in life is some 4.0 × 0.7 μm. The mucous‐net feeding filter of salps differs from that of other tunicates since flow through it results from muscular activity. Calculations based on the estimated pore size and filtering rate suggest that during part of the filtering cycle, the pressure drop across the filter is considerably greater than that across other tunicate mucous‐net filters.
Congophilic angiopathy in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's degeneration. (1981)

The pathologic manifestations in 45 valid cases of Alzheimer's degeneration were evaluated with specific focus on the presence of Congophilic angiopathy. The latter lesion was found in 89% of the cases and had a definite temporal relationship to the presence of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Two types of plaques were defined, the neuritic and perivascular. The latter was associated spatially with vessels, but not neurofibrillary tangles, while the converse was true of the neuritic plaques. Based on the pattern of mural involvement of vessels, distinctions could be made to differentiate morphologically between cerebral and peripheral amyloid angiopathy. Alzheimer's degeneration appears to be a disease complex with a variety of etiologies. Little or no differences in morphologic characteristics between the presenium and senium process could be discerned. Congophilic angiopathy appears to be a major feature in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's degeneration.
Desublimation Frosting on Nanoengineered Surfaces (2018)

Ice nucleation from vapor presents a variety of challenges across a wide range of industries and applications including refrigeration, transportation, and energy generation. However, a rational comprehensive approach to fabricating intrinsically icephobic surfaces for frost formation-both from water condensation (followed by freezing) and in particular from desublimation (direct growth of ice crystals from vapor)-remains elusive. Here, guided by nucleation physics, we investigate the effect of material composition and surface texturing (atomically smooth to nanorough) on the nucleation and growth mechanism of frost for a range of conditions within the sublimation domain (0 °C to -55 °C; partial water vapor pressures 6 to 0.02 mbar). Surprisingly, we observe that on silicon at very cold temperatures-below the homogeneous ice solidification nucleation limit (<-46 °C)-desublimation does not become the favorable pathway to frosting. Furthermore, we show that surface nanoroughness makes frost formation on silicon more probable. We experimentally demonstrate at temperatures between -48 °C and -55 °C that nanotexture with radii of curvature within 1 order of magnitude of the critical radius of nucleation favors frost growth, facilitated by capillary condensation, consistent with Kelvin's equation. Our findings show that such nanoscale surface morphology imposed by design to impart desired functionalities-such as superhydrophobicity-or from defects can be highly detrimental for frost icephobicity at low temperatures and water vapor partial pressures (<0.05 mbar). Our work contributes to the fundamental understanding of phase transitions well within the equilibrium sublimation domain and has implications for applications such as travel, power generation, and refrigeration.
Electromechanical transducers in hostile environments (1979)

Electromechanical transducers are the primary component in many measurement systems and are increasingly called on to function in environmental extremes. The review describes how this challenge is being met, with particular reference to the mechanical measurands of strain, force/load, pressure, displacement, level and vibration. The basic principles and common forms of each transducer are first briefly described, and transducers based on novel principles or having particularly interesting applications are then discussed in more detail. A variety of fields is considered including nuclear generation, marine technology and the aerospace industry. Thin-film and semiconductor techniques have led to significant advances in strain and pressure gauges. Capacitive, inductive, magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducers are well established and have all proved capable of great versatility: each type has a useful role to play. There is still scope, however, for new ideas as illustrated by microwave sensors being developed for strain, pressure etc. and the magneto-sonic method for measuring large displacements. The use of piezoelectric transducers at very high temperatures would probably benefit from the development of new piezoelectric materials, while the advent of piezoelectric polymer films is already having an impact on hydrophones. The possible importance of the transducer cables must not be overlooked, and there is still room for improvement in those commercially available.