gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production and Characterization of Human Glioma Cell-Derived Monocyte Chemotactic Factor (1989)

Since infiltration of monocytes into tumors may be mediated by tumor-derived chemoattractants, we characterized the monocyte-chemotactic activity (MCA) produced by glioma cell lines. The amount of MCA in the culture fluid of five lines tested differed by a factor of 25. U-105MG, the best producer, was selected for further study. After cells reached confluence and the medium was changed, MCA was detected by day 3 and remained at comparable levels on days 4 and 5. The molecular mass of MCA was approximately 17 kilodaltons, and the estimated isoelectric point ranged between pI 7 and pI 9. Because of the high constitutive production of MCA by U-105MG, sufficient material can be obtained for complete chemical characterization of this mediator of inflammation.
Testing multiple biological mediators simultaneously (2013)

R-package included in online Supplementary Material.
Pacific Basin Industries in Distress: Structural Adjustment and Trade Policy in the Nine Industrialized Economies. (1994)

Presents case studies of how North American, Asian, and Oceanic governments have intervened to help ailing industries, and the impact their actions have had on the industry, the country's economy, and the growth of free trade. The primary goal is to find alternatives to knee-jerk import controls. I
Androgens potentiate renal vascular responses to angiotensin II via amplification of the Rho kinase signaling pathway (2006)

Collectively, these results indicate that androgens potentiate Ang II-induced renal vascular responses, an effect mediated at least partly via up-regulation of the Rho kinase signaling pathway.
Toward Perceptive Soft Robots: Progress and Challenges (2018)

In the past few years, soft robotics has rapidly become an emerging research topic, opening new possibilities for addressing real-world tasks. Perception can enable robots to effectively explore the unknown world, and interact safely with humans and the environment. Among all extero- and proprioception modalities, the detection of mechanical cues is vital, as with living beings. A variety of soft sensing technologies are available today, but there is still a gap to effectively utilize them in soft robots for practical applications. Here, the developments in soft robots with mechanical sensing are summarized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the state of the art in this field. Promising sensing technologies for mechanically perceptive soft robots are described, categorized, and their pros and cons are discussed. Strategies for designing soft sensors and criteria to evaluate their performance are outlined from the perspective of soft robotic applications. Challenges and trends in developing multimodal sensors, stretchable conductive materials and electronic interfaces, modeling techniques, and data interpretation for soft robotic sensing are highlighted. The knowledge gap and promising solutions toward perceptive soft robots are discussed and analyzed to provide a perspective in this field.
A milker for mice. (1982)

A new apparatus for milking mice was used to obtain milk from four anesthetized mice simultaneously over a period of 15 minutes. By using silicon rubber molded teat cups, eight teats could be milked automatically from each mouse. The average yield was 1.5 ml per mouse. This method was especially applicable to production of large amounts of mouse milk. Milking of rats was achieved with the apparatus without any changes.
Enhancing light emission efficiency without color change in post-transition metal chalcogenides (2016)

2D materials can take a large amount of mechanical deformation before reaching the fracture limit due to their high Young's modulus, which provides a way to tune their properties by strain engineering.
Purine and Oxypurine Production in Mitochondria ofIschemic and Reperfused Myocardium (1989)

The present study was undertaken to determine whether significant breakdown of adenine nucleotides to purine bases and oxypurines occurred in mitochondria following myocardial ischemia and ischemia followed by reperfusion, and whether allopurinol prevented this effect. The adenine nucleotides adenosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid were measured in the mitochondria and the results suggest that breakdown did occur. Malondialdehyde concentration was determined to gauge lipid peroxidation. This substance did not increase during ischemia or reperfusion, but did so in the presence of allopurinol. Xanthine dehydrogenase was converted to xanthine oxidase during reperfusion and the activity of both enzymes were inhibited by allopurinol. The results also suggested the presence of a mitochondrial 5'-nucleotidase. We conclude that significant breakdown of adenine nucleotide took place in myocardial mitochondria during ischemia and ischemia followed by reperfusion and that allopurinol may have a protective effect.
HLA-DR1, DR4, and DRB1 disease related subtypes in rheumatoid arthritis. Association with susceptibility but not severity in a city wide community based study. (1995)

DR4 and in particular DR1/DR4 heterozygosity were related to susceptibility to RA only in seropositive patients. RF was a better predictor of severity than disease related HLA subtypes. These findings suggest that the effect of these alleles on severity may be related to seropositivity, or that perhaps, seropositive and seronegative RA are genetically distinct entities. The results of our study suggest that in community based settings, which include patients with milder disease, DR1 and DR4 disease related alleles increase susceptibility for RA, but are not clinically useful as predictors of longer term outcome.
Allelic loss of chromosome 17p distinguishes high grade from low grade transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. (1990)

Forty-three transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder of differing grades and stages were examined for reduction to homozygosity for chromosomes 9q, 11p, and 17p. Allelic loss of chromosome 9q was seen in 24 of 38 informative grades II, III, and IV tumors providing further evidence for a bladder tumor suppressor gene on this chromosome. In contrast to the grade-independent involvement of chromosome 9q, allelic losses of chromosomes 11p and 17p were seen only in grade III and IV tumors. The results with chromosome 17p were particularly striking and showed that 0 of 10 grade II versus 20 of 31 grade III and IV tumors had allelic losses for this chromosome harboring the p53 tumor suppressor gene often mutated in other human cancers. The data suggest that cumulative genetic damage is sustained in transitional cell carcinomas and that one of the underlying molecular mechanisms distinguishing low grade from high grade tumors involves chromosome 17p.
Acetazolamide in the Treatment of Seizures (1996)

Acetazolamide is a beneficial adjunctive agent in the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy and should be considered in refractory epilepsy. Although it may be useful in partial, myoclonic, absence, and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures uncontrolled by other marketed agents, acetazolamide has been inadequately studied by current standards and its use has been limited.
Contactless measurement of bulk carrier lifetime in thick silicon wafers by an induced eddy current (1995)

In order to examine the bulk carrier lifetime in a silicon single crystal, a contactless method of determining the carrier lifetime for wafers up to 20 mm thick has been developed. This method is based on the measurement of the photoconductive decay of the eddy current induced in a wafer by a high-frequency magnetic flux. The experimental results show that the maximum values of measurable bulk carrier lifetime are longer than the known values for high-quality silicon crystals. The measurable maximum values are comparable with those satisfying the American Society for Testing and Materials designation, i.e. 11 ms for p-type and 32 ms for n-type wafers. The minimum value of measurable bulk carrier lifetime is found as a function of the wafer thickness. This functional dependence of the minimum value on the wafer thickness is also examined and discussed in some detail.
Electrical motor with bulk Y-Ba-Cu-O pellets (1997)

The interaction between a magnetic field and a superconducting (SC) bulk sample produces not only levitation forces but also transverse ones. They may be used in an electromagnetic coupling device to transmit a torque or in an electrical motor to produce a torque. The authors have designed and built a disk type motor (vertical axial gap) with a static three-phase armature resistive winding and a rotating part composed of eight YBaCuO pellets immersed in a liquid nitrogen vessel. The SC samples are melt textured using the top seed melt texturing method. The armature winding is fed by a power converter. Then the supplied frequency and the speed of rotation are variable. The motor was tested in different conditions and operated without magnetizing the SC samples. It works in a way as a variable reluctance motor even if the hysteresis behaviour of the SC pellets complicates the operation. Other experiments were carried out magnetizing the SC samples before their use as an inductor. The operation is close then to a permanent magnet motor. The experimental set up and the different tests are reported.
An aberration control of projection optics for multi-patterning lithography (2011)

In order to realize further improvement of productivity of semiconductor manufacturing, higher throughput and better imaging performance are required for the exposure tool. Therefore, aberration control of the projection lens is becoming more and more important not only for cool status performance but also heating status. In this paper, we show the improvements of cool status lens aberration, including scalar wavefront performance and polarization aberration performance. We also discuss various techniques for controlling thermal aberrations including reduction of heat in the lens, simulation, compensating knob, and adjusting method with actual imaging performance data during heating and cooling.
Increased amygdala fMRI activation after secretin administration. (2008)

It has recently been reported that secretin activates gene expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala in rats. To examine the neurophysiological effects of secretin on amygdalar activation in humans, the authors measured Blood Oxygen Level Dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging signal change during facial affect processing in a placebo-controlled double-blind study. The authors studied 12 healthy male subjects who were presented with three stimulus conditions: viewing happy, fearful, and neutral faces, before and after infusion with either secretin or placebo. To test whether treatment was associated with distinct patterns of activation, the two conditions (Pre and Post) were subjected to a subtraction analyses in SPM99 and hypotheses regarding the activation of the left and right amygdala were tested using a region-of-interest approach. Subtraction of treatment minus baseline activation during the fear condition yielded significant (p=.001) activation in the right amygdala and a nonsignificant increase in activation in the left amygdala. No significant differences were seen between the treatment conditions for the amygdala when viewing happy or neutral faces. These preliminary findings indicate that secretin may alter responsivity to affective stimuli. The presence of increased activation of the amygdala during the viewing of fearful faces is consistent with findings from animal studies and suggests a mechanism by which secretin may modulate social behavior.
High-performance capillary electrophoretic separation of bases, nucleosides, and oligonucleotides: retention manipulation via micellar solutions and metal additives (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-performance capillary electrophoretic separation of bases, nucleosides, and oligonucleotides: retention manipulation via micellar solutions and metal additivesA. S. Cohen, S. Terabe, J. A. Smith, and B. L. KargerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 7, 1021–1027Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00134a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00134a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views378Altmetric-Citations273LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>PolySNAP</i>: a computer program for analysing high-throughput powder diffraction data (2004)

In high-throughput crystallography experiments, it is possible to measure over 1000 powder diffraction patterns on a series of related compounds, often polymorphs or salts, in less than one week. The analysis of these patterns poses a difficult statistical problem. A computer program is presented that can analyse such data, automatically sort the patterns into related clusters or classes, characterize each cluster and identify any unusual samples containing, for example, unknown or unexpected polymorphs. Mixtures may be analysed quantitatively if a database of pure phases is available. A key component of the method is a set of visualization tools based on dendrograms and pie charts, as well as principal-component analysis and metric multidimensional scaling as a source of three-dimensional score plots. The procedures have been incorporated into the computer program PolySNAP , which is available commercially from Bruker-AXS.
Intrusion and extrusion of water in hydrophobic mesopores (2004)

We present experimental and theoretical results on intrusion-extrusion cycles of water in hydrophobic mesoporous materials, characterized by independent cylindrical pores. The intrusion, which takes place above the bulk saturation pressure, can be well described using a macroscopic capillary model. Once the material is saturated with water, extrusion takes place upon reduction of the externally applied pressure. Our results for the extrusion pressure can only be understood by assuming that the limiting extrusion mechanism is the nucleation of a vapor bubble inside the pores. A comparison of calculated and experimental nucleation pressures shows that a proper inclusion of line tension effects is necessary to account for the observed values of nucleation barriers. Negative line tensions of order 10(-11) J m(-1) are found for our system, in reasonable agreement with other experimental estimates of this quantity.
Competition of <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i> with <i>Salmonella enterica</i> for Adhesion to Caco‐2 Cells (2008)

Competition of commensal and probiotic bacteria with pathogens for adhesion and colonization is one of the important protective mechanisms of gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we examined the ability of Lactobacillus paracasei to inhibit the adhesion of pathogenic Salmonella enterica to human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells were grown for 6 or 21 days to obtain nondifferentiated or well-differentiated cells, respectively. In adhesion experiments, bacteria were added to the cells for 2 or 4 hours. The number of attached bacteria was expressed as colony-forming units (CFUs), Caco-2 cells were counted in hematocytometer. Both bacterial strains used adhered better to well-differentiated than to nondifferentiated Caco-2 cells, however, the amount of Salmonella adhered to Caco-2 after 2 hours of contact was 12-fold higher in comparison to L. paracasei and almost 27-fold higher after 4 hours of contact. Two types of experiments were done: coincubation (both bacteria were added to Caco-2 cells simultaneously), and preincubation (L. paracasei was incubated with Caco-2 cells first, and then S. enterica was added). In coincubation experiment, the presence of L. paracasei decreased S. enterica adhesion by 4-fold and in preincubation experiment even 7-fold. Generally, Lactobacillus spent culture supernatants (SCSs) acted weaker as inhibitors of Salmonella adhesion in comparison to the whole L. paracasei culture in coincubation experiment. In conclusion, the displacement of pathogens by lactic acid bacteria and its secretions showed here depends on the time of bacteria-epithelial cell contact, and also on the stage of Caco-2 differentiation.
Revised Recommendations of the Consortium of MS Centers Task Force for a Standardized MRI Protocol and Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Multiple Sclerosis (2015)

An international group of neurologists and radiologists developed revised guidelines for standardized brain and spinal cord MR imaging for the diagnosis and follow-up of MS. A brain MR imaging with gadolinium is recommended for the diagnosis of MS. A spinal cord MR imaging is recommended if the brain MR imaging is nondiagnostic or if the presenting symptoms are at the level of the spinal cord. A follow-up brain MR imaging with gadolinium is recommended to demonstrate dissemination in time and ongoing clinically silent disease activity while on treatment, to evaluate unexpected clinical worsening, to re-assess the original diagnosis, and as a new baseline before starting or modifying therapy. A routine brain MR imaging should be considered every 6 months to 2 years for all patients with relapsing MS. The brain MR imaging protocol includes 3D T1-weighted, 3D T2-FLAIR, 3D T2-weighted, post-single-dose gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted sequences, and a DWI sequence. The progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy surveillance protocol includes FLAIR and DWI sequences only. The spinal cord MR imaging protocol includes sagittal T1-weighted and proton attenuation, STIR or phase-sensitive inversion recovery, axial T2- or T2*-weighted imaging through suspicious lesions, and, in some cases, postcontrast gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. The clinical question being addressed should be provided in the requisition for the MR imaging. The radiology report should be descriptive, with results referenced to previous studies. MR imaging studies should be permanently retained and available. The current revision incorporates new clinical information and imaging techniques that have become more available.
Cellular Radio Telecommunication for Health Care: Benefits and Risks (2004)

Cellular radio telecommunication has increased exponentially with many applications to health care reported. The authors attempt to summarize published applications with demonstrated effect on health care, review briefly the rapid evolution of hardware and software standards, explain current limitations and future potential of data quality and security, and discuss issues of safety.
Influence of ambient air pressure on effervescent atomization (1993)

The influence of ambient air pressure on the drop-size distributions produced in effervescent atomization is examined in this article. Also investigated are the effects on spray characteristics of variations in air/liquid mass ratio, liquid-injection pressure, and atomizer discharge-orifice diameter at different levels of ambient air pressure. It is found that continuous increase in air pressure above the normal atmospheric value causes the mean drop-size to first increase up to a maximum value and then decline. An explanation for this characteristic is provided in terms of the various contributing factors to the overall atomization process. It is also observed that changes in atomizer geometry and operating conditions have little effect on the distribution of drop-sizes in the spray.
Descriptive epidemiology of vestibular schwannomas1 (2006)

Vestibular schwannomas, commonly termed acoustic neuromas, arise from the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve (acoustic nerve) and are benign, slow-growing brain tumors that negatively impact patient quality of life. They are thought to account for the majority of intracranial nerve sheath tumors. To describe incidence rate patterns and trends of primary nerve sheath tumors of the brain/CNS and the subset of vestibular schwannomas in two population-based incidence registries, data were obtained from 11 Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) collaborating state registries and the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program (LACCSP) (1975-1998). Average annual incidence rates were tabulated by age, gender, race, year, and region and were age-adjusted to the year 2000 U.S. standard population. Multiplicative Poisson regression models were used to compare trends in primary nerve sheath tumors of the brain/CNS overall and in subgroups, including vestibular schwannomas, controlling for age, gender, race, microscopic confirmation, and region. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify any sharp changes in incidence over time. The overall incidence of primary nerve sheath tumors of the brain/CNS was 1.1 per 100,000 person-years (CBTRUS, 1995-1999 and LACCSP, 1995-1998). The incidence of vestibular schwannomas was similar for both data sets: 0.6 per 100,000 person-years (CBTRUS, 1995-1999) and 0.8 per 100,000 person-years (LACCSP, 1995-1998). Moreover, the incidence of primary nerve sheath tumors of the brain/CNS overall (CBTRUS, 1985-1999 and LACCSP, 1975-1998) and of vestibular schwannomas (CBTRUS, 1992-1999 and LACCSP, 1992-1998) increased over time. However, the incidence of benign schwannomas in sites other than the acoustic nerve either decreased (CBTRUS, 1992-1999) or experienced no significant change (LACCSP, 1992-1998). While improvements in diagnosis and reporting may explain some of these trends, further consideration of potential etiologic factors may be warranted.
Stepping-Random Code: A Rateless Erasure Code for Short-Length Messages (2013)

Rateless erasure code is an error correction code that is able to encode a message of k uncoded symbols into an infinite number of coded symbols. One may reconstruct the original message from any k(1+ε) coded symbols, where ε denotes the decoding inefficiency. This paper proposes a hybrid code that combines the stepping code and random code and name it as Stepping-Random (SR) code. The Part I (first k) coded symbols of SR code are generated with stepping code. The rest of the coded symbols are generated with random code and denoted as Part II coded symbols. The numerical results show that the new hybrid code is able to achieve a complete decoding with no extra coded symbol (ε=0) if all the Part I coded symbols are received without loss. However, if only a portion of Part I coded symbols are received, a high probability of complete decoding is still achievable with k+10 coded symbols from the combination of Part I and II. SR code has a decoding complexity of O(k) in the former and O((βk)3) in the latter, where β∈R for 0≤β≤1, is the fraction of uncoded symbols that fails to be reconstructed from Part I coded symbols.