gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Software-Based Encoding and Decoding of BCH Codes (2009)

Error correction software for Bose-Chaudhuri-Hochquenghem (BCH) codes is optimized for general purpose processors that do not equip hardware for Galois field arithmetic. The developed software applies parallelization with a table lookup method to reduce the number of iterations, and maximum parallelization under a cache size limitation is sought for a high throughput implementation. Since this method minimizes the number of lookup tables for encoding and decoding processes, a large parallel factor can be chosen for a given cache size. The naive word length of a general purpose CPU is used as a whole by employing the developed mask elimination method. The tradeoff of the algorithm complexity and the regularity is examined for several syndrome generation methods, which leads to a simple error detection scheme that reuses the encoder and a simplified syndrome generation method requiring only a small number of Galois field multiplications. The parallel factor for Chien search is increased much by transforming the error locator polynomial so that it contains symmetric exponents of positive and negative signs. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed software cannot only provide sufficient throughput for real-time error correction of NAND flash memory in embedded systems but also enhance the reliability of file systems in general purpose computers.
Client ahead‐of‐time compiler for embedded Java platforms (2008)

Abstract Many embedded Java platforms execute two types of Java classes: those installed statically on the client device and those downloaded dynamically from service providers at run time. For achieving higher performance, the static Java classes can be compiled into machine code by ahead‐of‐time compiler (AOTC) in the server, and the translated machine code can be installed on the client device. Unfortunately, AOTC cannot be applicable to the dynamically downloaded classes. This paper proposes client‐AOTC (c‐AOTC), which performs AOTC on the client device using the just‐in‐time compiler (JITC) module installed on the device, obviating the JITC overhead and complementing the server‐AOTC. The machine code of a method translated by JITC is cached on a persistent memory of the device, and when the method is invoked again in a later run of the program, the machine code is loaded and executed directly without any translation overhead. A major issue in c‐AOTC is relocation because some of the address constants embedded in the cached machine code are not correct when the machine code is loaded and used in a different run; those addresses should be corrected before they are used. Constant pool resolution and inlining complicate the relocation problem, and we propose our solutions. The persistent memory overhead for saving the relocation information is also an issue, and we propose a technique to encode the relocation information and compress the machine code efficiently. We developed a c‐AOTC on Sun's CDC VM reference implementation, and our evaluation results indicate that c‐AOTC can improve the performance significantly, as much as an average of 12% for EEMBC and 4% for SpecJVM98, with a persistent memory overhead of 1% on average. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Client Puzzles to Protect TLS Servers From Denial of Service Attacks (2014)

This document proposes a mechanism for mitigating denial of service
(DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on TLS servers.
Attackers are limited in their ability to cause resource waste on the
server by requiring proof of work by the client before these CPU
resources are expended.
Flammability of Polymers (1985)

The use of polymeric materials is growing in a number of areas such as home furnishings, domestic and industrial buildings, appliances, fabrics, and transportation vehicles. An expanded growth of polymers concurrent with the proliferation of safety standards being set by the government and private agencies has stressed that reducing the flammability of polymeric materials is of primary importance. Selection or design of a flame retardant system for a particular application is often difficult. A flame retardant polymer should have high resistance to ignition, low rate of combustion and smoke generation, low toxicity of product gases, retention of low flammability during use, acceptability in appearance and properties, no environmental or health safety impact, and little or no economic penalty. To select or design a polymeric material with desirable flammability properties, a familiarity with the principles of combustion, the relationship of flammability to polymer structure, and the modes of flame inhibition is
Atomic-oxygen undercutting of Long Duration Exposure Facility atomized-Kapton multilayer insulation (1994)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
A Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening Assay for Posttranscriptional Utrophin Upregulation (2012)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating muscle-wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Utrophin is a homologue of dystrophin that can compensate for its absence when overexpressed in DMD animal models. Utrophin upregulation is therefore a promising therapeutic approach for DMD. Utrophin is regulated at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Transcriptional regulation has been studied extensively, and assays have been described for the identification of utrophin promoter-targeting molecules. However, despite the profound impact that posttranscriptional regulation has on utrophin expression, screening assays have not yet been described that could be used to discover pharmaceuticals targeting this key phase of regulation. We describe the development and validation of a muscle cell line-based assay in which a stably expressed luciferase coding sequence is flanked by the utrophin 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs). The assay was validated using the posttranscriptional regulation of utrophin by miR-206. The assay has a Z' of 0.7, indicating robust performance in high-throughput format. This assay can be used to study utrophin regulatory mechanisms or to screen chemical libraries for compounds that upregulate utrophin posttranscriptionally via its UTRs. Compounds identified via this assay, used alone or in a synergistic combination with utrophin promoter-targeting molecules, would be predicted to have therapeutic potential for DMD.
OXIDATION OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN CENTRAL SASKATCHEWAN (1987)

A field study was conducted at 4 sites in central Saskatchewan to examine the oxidation rate of elemental S and its influence on soil pH. Finely divided S (approximately 7-μm diameter) was applied at a rate of 200 kg ha −1 to soil cores in aluminum cylinders. Three entire cores from each site were removed and analyzed for sulfate content and soil pH four times during a 16-mo period. All four soils exhibited significant oxidative activity. Twenty-three to forty-five percent of applied S was recovered as sulfate 10 wk after application. Sulfate concentrations recovered in the soil profiles declined after approximately 1 yr, partly due to leaching losses. Fertilizer-derived sulfate was most persistent in soils of finer texture. In the coarse-textured soils, most of the fertilizer-derived sulfate was apparently leached from the soil profile by the end of the 16-mo period. Soil pH was marginally reduced by oxidation following the application of elemental S but differences were no longer statistically significant at the last sampling time. Field incubation with elemental S substantially enhanced subsequent oxidative activity in three of the soils, suggesting that an initial application of elemental S fertilizer would enhance the effectiveness of subsequent applications. Substantial oxidation activity occurs in Saskatchewan soils even under the less than ideal conditions prevalent in this climatic region. It was concluded that elemental S in a finely divided form has strong potential as an effective fertilizer S source if appropriate fertilization strategies are adopted to maximize oxidation rate or compensate for delays in plant-available S release. Key words: Elemental S, pH, leaching, sulfate, immobilization
Portable hand-held gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry device (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPortable hand-held gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry deviceA. Peter. Snyder, Charles S. Harden, Alan H. Brittain, Man Goo. Kim, Neil S. Arnold, and Henk L. C. MeuzelaarCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 3, 299–306Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00051a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00051a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views764Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The effect of nitrofurazone on growth of fibrosarcoma in mice. (1950)

Furacin suspended in peanut oil, injected subcutaneously, retarded the growth of fibrosarcoma S-13 in C3H mice of the Andervont subline. The life span of the mice was approximately doubled by this treatment (from 21 to 40 days). Microscopic examination of the furacin-treated tumors revealed increased cellular degeneration, with lessened mitotic activity. Hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex and atrophy of the testes and ovaries have also been observed in the furacin-treated animals.
Homology Model of a Novel Xylanase: Molecular Basis for High-Thermostability and Alkaline Stability (2000)

Xylanases form enzymes of considerable interest to a variety of biotechnological industries. Their industrial usage is especially attractive since they can replace some of the environmental pollutants, and are economically viable. Those with higher thermostability and optimal activity at alkaline pH are of particular importance to the paper and pulp industry due to the demands of conditions under which the enzymatic reactions are carried out. We have earlier isolated a xylanase from Bacillus sp. NG-27, which is active both at high temperature as well as at alkaline pH. In order to find out factors responsible for the adaptation of this enzyme to the extreme conditions, three dimensional structure of NG-27 xylanase has now been obtained by homology modelling. The tertiary structure shows TIM barrel fold consisting of 8 parallel beta-strands surrounded by alpha-helices. The active site is located at the carboxy terminal end of the TIM barrel. Factors which contribute to the thermostability of the enzyme are increased number of salt bridges. The salt bridges occur remarkably on one face of alpha-helices, with oppositely charged residues occupying i, i+4, i+7 positions. A solvent shielded salt bridge interaction is also observed, which is absent in the mesophilic homologous xylanases. Solvent shielding may enhance electrostatic interaction through lowering of the dielectric, and contribute to increased stability of the enzyme.
New results with semiconductor drift chambers for X-ray spectroscopy (1994)

Silicon drift detectors have been tested for X-ray Spectroscopy applications. By optimizing the detector-FET connection and using a very low leakage current detector manufacturing process, it has been possible to achieve a very good energy resolution. The resolution and leakage current have been studied as a function of temperature, from room temperature down to -30/spl deg/C, and as a function of active area. Also the effects influencing the peak to background ratio have been outlined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dietary acid increases blood and renal cortical acid content in rats (1998)

We examined whether dietary acid that increases net acid excretion (NAE) without measurably decreasing plasma pH or total CO 2 (tCO 2 ) causes net acid retention. Control rats drinking distilled H 2 O were compared with those drinking 40 mM (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 40 mM Na 2 SO 4 , or drinking Na 2 SO 4 and given aldosterone (Na 2 SO 4 + Aldo) to increase NAE without dietary acid. Systemic plasma tCO 2 increased in Na 2 SO 4 + Aldo animals, but systemic and stellate vessel plasma tCO 2 and pH were not different from control among remaining groups. NAE increased in (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 + Aldo but not in Na 2 SO 4 animals. Blood base excess (BBE) decreased compared with its respective baseline in (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (−0.44 ± 0.06 vs. 0.66 ± 0.04 μmol/ml; P < 0.01, paired t-test), increased in Na 2 SO 4 + Aldo (0.79 ± 0.05 vs. 0.61 ± 0.03 μmol/ml; P < 0.04, paired t-test), but was unchanged in Na 2 SO 4 animals. Renal cortical H + content assessed by microdialysis of the renal cortex in situ increased in (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , decreased in Na 2 SO 4 + Aldo, but was unchanged in Na 2 SO 4 animals. The data show that dietary acid sufficient to increase NAE without decreasing plasma tCO 2 or pH nevertheless decreases BBE and increases renal cortical acid content, consistent with net acid retention.
Control of Leaf Spot Diseases of Alfalfa and Tomato with Applications of the Bacterial Predator<i>Pseudomonas</i>Strain 679-2 (1992)

Pseudomonas strain 679-2 is a unique, highly competitive, nonobligate bacterial predator originally isolated from soil. Application of its cells to tomato and alfalfa provided a reduction in the severity of the leaf spot diseases caused by Alternaria solani, Pseudopeziza medicaginis, Phoma medicaginis, and Stemphylium botryosum. The treatment produced no adverse effects on the plants. Strain 679-2 produces a water-soluble compound that inhibited these fungi, but the role of the compound in the interaction was not determined. Application of a copper fungicide to the leaves with the bacteria did not interfere with activity of strain 679-2 (.)
Effect of transition-metal complexation on the stereodynamics of persubstituted arenes. Evidence for steric complementarity between arene and metal tripod (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of transition-metal complexation on the stereodynamics of persubstituted arenes. Evidence for steric complementarity between arene and metal tripodKathleen V. Kilway and Jay S. SiegelCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1, 255–261Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00027a033RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (900 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Development and Initial Validation of the Hangover Symptoms Scale: Prevalence and Correlates of Hangover Symptoms in College Students (2003)

The HSS appears to capture a reasonably valid set of adjectives describing common hangover effects. It is hoped that the availability of a brief, valid hangover assessment such as the HSS will encourage further study of hangover's frequency, correlates, and consequences. Future research is needed to explore the performance of a re-worded HSS in laboratory settings, which may help bridge the gap between laboratory and survey investigations of hangover.
Water Solubility Measurements In Supercritical Fluids and High-Pressure Liquids Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater Solubility Measurements In Supercritical Fluids and High-Pressure Liquids Using Near-Infrared SpectroscopyKevin. Jackson, Lawrence E. Bowman, and John L. FultonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 14, 2368–2372Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00110a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00110a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views694Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND ANTITUMOR PROPERTY OF CERTAIN COUMARINS AND PSORALENS (1981)

Abstract Imperatorin (I) wird zunächst durch Etherspaltung in das entsprechende Phenolderivat übergeführt, das mit Acetanhydrid zum Acetoxy‐psoralen (II) weiterreagiert.
An Expedient Procedure for the Oxidative Cleavage of Olefinic Bonds with PhI(OAc)<sub>2</sub>, NMO, and Catalytic OsO<sub>4</sub> (2010)

PhI(OAc)(2) in the presence of OsO(4) (cat.) and 2,6-lutidine cleaves olefinic bonds to yield the corresponding carbonyl compounds, albeit, in some cases, with alpha-hydroxy ketones as byproduct. A more practical and clean protocol to effect oxidative cleavage of olefinic bonds involves NMO, OsO(4) (cat.), 2,6-lutidine, and PhI(OAc)(2).
Shunt active filters controller with new saturation strategy (2005)

The effects of current limitation and control voltage saturation in shunt active filters (SAF) are discussed in the paper. Starting from the solution proposed, a novel strategy is proposed to guarantee limitation of the DC-link voltage and good current control even when saturations occur. In particular, the case of oversized loads inducing saturations in SAF current and control voltage is considered. Properties of the digital current control performed in /spl alpha//spl beta/ reference are exploited in the saturation strategy design. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is investigated by simulations.
Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis terminating in extramedullary anaplastic plasmacytoma (2005)

Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD) with progressive fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Similar to other CMPDs, the stem cell in CIMF has the potential to differentiate into myeloid or lymphoid lineages, and thus CIMF can culminate in acute leukemia of myeloid or, rarely, lymphoid lineage. We describe an unusual case of CIMF terminating in extramedullary anaplastic plasmacytoma. The patient was a 61-year-old male with an 11-year history of CIMF. His course was complicated by rapidly growing abdominal and inguinal lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy revealed a diffuse undifferentiated infiltrate in the background of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Flow cytometric and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated plasma cell-related antigens (CD138, CD38, cytoplasmic kappa light chain), epithelial membrane antigen and CD43 in the tumor cells. The myeloid, B-cell or T-cell markers were negative. A clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement was identified by polymerase chain reaction. The plasma cell origin was further confirmed by electron microscopic examination, which revealed stacks of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Monoclonal gammopathy may occur in CIMF, and rare cases of simultaneous plasma cell myeloma and CIMF have been reported in the literature. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CIMF terminating in extramedullary anaplastic plasmacytoma.
Shape-Selective Catalysis with Zeolites and Molecular Sieves (1993)

The types of shape selective catalysis that occur in zeolites and molecular sieves are reviewed. Specifically, primary and secondary acid catalyzed shape selectivity and encapsulated metal ion and zero valent metal particle catalyzed shape selectivity are discussed. Future trends in shape selective catalysis, such as the use of large pore zeolites and electro- and photo-chemically driven reactions, are outlined. Finally, the possibility of using zeolites as chiral shape selective catalysts is discussed.