gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolution of adiponectin oligomers in human plasma using free flow electrophoresis (2009)

Adiponectin is an important adipocytokine hormone which circulates in blood as homo-oligomers (trimer, hexamer and high molecular weight (HMW) forms) as well as a truncated form corresponding to the globular domain. Free flow electrophoresis (FFE) used in zone electrophoresis mode revealed the presence of isoforms within these oligomeric forms in plasma. HMW adiponectin oligomer showed two isoforms which carry different charge density at pH 4.7, only one of which is susceptible to dissociation by SDS. The adiponectin hexamer was shown to consist of a doublet and also shown to have at least two isoforms. A truncated form of adiponectin was identified as the main constituent of adiponectin in plasma and appeared to circulate bound to a basic protein, potentially one of the chemokines reported to bind to the globular domain. Analysis of the monomer composition of the oligomers revealed differences in monomeric isoforms used to build up the oligomers.
An Optical Video Disc System for Retrieving Digital Data and Reproducing Still Picture With Sound (1984)

The optical video disc system may be characterized by its capacity to store a large number of pictures and functions such as random access and trick play. Its application to simulation, education and game systems was anticipated from the start of its development.
Fabrication and Characterization of Silver−Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites (2003)

The influence of silver (Ag) nanoparticles on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was investigated. The nanocomposite was prepared by mixing a colloidal solution consisting of silver nanoparticles with a water solution of PVA in appropriate ratios. Composite films with different contents of inorganic phase were obtained after solvent evaporation. The contents of the inorganic phase in the nanocomposites were determined by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) for silver, and were found to be 0.19, 0.33, and 0.73 wt %. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the nanocomposite films revealed the presence of Ag particles with average diameter of 20 nm. Comparison of the thermal properties of the pure polymer and the nanocomposite films showed that the thermal stability is improved by about 40 degreesC, and the glass transition temperature is shifted to a higher temperature up to 20 degreesC for the highest content of the nanofiller. An increase in Youngs modulus and strength of the nanocomposite was also observed with an increase in Ag content, indicating significant reinforcement of the matrix in the presence of nanoparticles. Stress relaxation measurements revealed reduced stability of the nanocomposite upon prolonged loading, compared to the pure PVA matrix.
CAN with Flexible Data-Rate (2012)

Ever increasing bandwidth requirements in automotive networks impede the applicability of CAN due to its bit rate limitation to 1 MBit/s. To close the gap between CAN and other protocols, we improve CAN in two ways: (i) support of bit rates > 1 MBit/s and (ii) support of payloads > 8 byte per frame. We achieve this with a new frame format where we can switch inside the frame to a faster bit rate for (i) and use a different data length coding for (ii). This new protocol is called “CAN with Flexible Data-Rate” or CAN FD. CAN FD protocol controllers are also able to perform standard CAN communication. This allows to use CAN FD in specific operation modes, e.g. softwaredownload at end-of-line programming, while other controllers that do not support CAN FD are kept in standby. This paper presents the CAN FD frame format with additional bits in the control field to enable the new options and the new CRC sequence to secure longer frames with the same Hamming distance as in the existing CAN protocol. The configuration options for the two bit rates are explained in detail. We provide measurements of the upper limits for the bit rate, using the first hardware implementation of a CAN FD protocol controller and standard CAN transceivers.
Hydrogel-Delivered GM-CSF Overcomes Nonresponsiveness to Hepatitis B Vaccine through the Recruitment and Activation of Dendritic Cells (2010)

The standard hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) vaccine fails to induce anti-hepatitis B surface Abs in 5-10% of healthy subjects, a phenomenon known as HBsAg nonresponsiveness, which is closely related to HLA class II alleles and impaired Th cell responses to HBsAg in these subjects. We hypothesized that GM-CSF, a potent adjuvant in enhancing the Ag-presentation activity of APCs, might help to generate Th cell responses in nonresponders, subsequently providing help for B cells to produce anti-hepatitis B surface Abs. We used a thermosensitive biodegradable copolymer (hydrogel) system to codeliver HBsAg and GM-CSF to achieve maximal local cytokine activity at the injection site. In responder mouse strains, hydrogel-formulated HBsAg plus GM-CSF (Gel/HBs+GM) vaccine elicited much greater anti-hepatitis B surface Ab titers and Th cell proliferative responses than a commercial aluminum-formulated HBsAg vaccine or free HBsAg. The adjuvant effect of the Gel/HBs+GM vaccine was dependent upon the local release of GM-CSF. More importantly, the Gel/HBs+GM vaccine elicited high HBsAg-specific Ab titers and Th cell responses in B10.M mice, a mouse strain that does not respond to the current HBsAg vaccine because of its H-2 haplotype. Analysis of the draining lymph nodes of Gel/HBs+GM vaccine-treated mice revealed an elevated number of CD11c(+) dendritic cells showing enhanced expression of MHC class II and a variety of costimulatory molecules. These results demonstrate that hydrogel-formulated GM-CSF might represent a simple and effective method to generate next-generation hepatitis B virus vaccines for inducing anti-hepatitis B surface Abs in nonresponders.
Branch prediction and the performance of interpreters &#x2014; Don't trust folklore (2015)

Interpreters have been used in many contexts. They provide portability and ease of development at the expense of performance. The literature of the past decade covers analysis of why interpreters are slow, and many software techniques to improve them. A large proportion of these works focuses on the dispatch loop, and in particular on the implementation of the switch statement: typically an indirect branch instruction. Folklore attributes a significant penalty to this branch, due to its high misprediction rate. We revisit this assumption, considering state-of-the-art branch predictors and the three most recent Intel processor generations on current interpreters. Using both hardware counters on Has well, the latest Intel processor generation, and simulation of the IT-TAGE, we show that the accuracy of indirect branch prediction is no longer critical for interpreters. We further compare the characteristics of these interpreters and analyze why the indirect branch is less important than before.
A THz Backward-Wave Oscillator Based on a Double-Grating Rectangular Waveguide (2013)

A double-grating rectangular waveguide system with a round beam channel is proposed as the slow-wave interaction structure of a terahertz (THz) backward-wave oscillator (BWO). Applying the latest microfabrication techniques, the interaction structure is fully realizable and easily assembled. The basic design principle including the beam-wave dispersion relation, interaction impedance, and the system configuration is presented. A detailed sensitivity analysis of this THz BWO circuit is carried out to investigate the structure errors caused by fabrication and brazing. Both upstream and downstream ends are loaded with step tapers to improve the voltage standing wave ratio. The downstream reflection is absorbed by a linear attenuator. The round electron beam is generated by a pierce gun with compression ratio of 15. A 3-D particle-in-cell simulation demonstrates a broad electronic tunable bandwidth, a 3-dB bandwidth exceeding 28 GHz with highest output power 16 W, and interaction efficiency 3.57%.
Genomic O Island 122, Locus for Enterocyte Effacement, and the Evolution of Virulent Verocytotoxin-Producing<i>Escherichia coli</i> (2008)

The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) and genomic O island 122 (OI-122) are pathogenicity islands in verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) serotypes that are associated with outbreaks and serious disease. Composed of three modules, OI-122 may occur as "complete" (with all three modules) or "incomplete" (with one or two modules) in different strains. OI-122 encodes two non-LEE effector (Nle) molecules that are secreted by the LEE type III secretion system, and LEE and OI-122 are cointegrated in some VTEC strains. Thus, they are functionally linked, but little is known about the patterns of acquisition of these codependent islands. To examine this, we conducted a population genetics analysis, using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), with 72 VTEC strains (classified into seropathotypes A to E) and superimposed on the results the LEE and OI-122 contents of these organisms. The wide distribution of LEE and OI-122 modules among MLST clonal groups corroborates the hypothesis that there has been lateral transfer of both pathogenicity islands. Sequence analysis of a pagC-like gene in OI-122 module 1 also revealed two nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms that could help discriminate a subset of seropathotype C strains and determine the presence of the LEE. A nonsense mutation was found in this gene in five less virulent strains, consistent with a decaying or inactive gene. The modular nature of OI-122 could be explained by the acquisition of modules by lateral transfer, either singly or as a group, and by degeneration of genes within modules. Correlations between clonal group, seropathotype, and LEE and OI-122 content provide insight into the role of genomic islands in VTEC evolution.
Integrating Philips' extreme UV source in the alpha-tools (2005)

The paper describes recent progress in the development of the Philips's EUV source. Progress has been realized at many frontiers: Integration studies of the source into a scanner have primarily been studied on the Xe source because it has a high degree of maturity. We report on integration with a collector, associated collector lifetime and optical characteristics. Collector lifetime in excess of 1 bln shots could be demonstrated. Next, an active dose control system was developed and tested on the Xe lamp. Resulting dose stability data are less than 0.2% for an exposure window of 100 pulses. The second part of the paper reports on progress in the development of the Philips' Sn source. First, the details of the concept are described. It is based on a Laser triggered vacuum arc, which is an extension with respect to previous designs. The source is furbished with rotating electrodes that are covered with a Sn film that is constantly regenerated. Hence by the very design of the source, it is scalable to very high power levels, and moreover has fundamentally solved the notorious problem of electrode erosion. Power values of 260 W in 2p sr are reported, along with a stable, long life operation of the lamp. The paper also addresses the problem of debris generation and mitigation of the Sn-source. The problem is attacked by a combined strategy of protection of the collector by traditional means (e.g. fields, foiltraps... ), and by designing the gas atmosphere according to the principles of the well known halogen cycles in incandescent lamps. These principles have been studied in the Lighting industry for decades and rely on the excessively high vapor pressures of metal halides. Transferred to the Sn source, it allows pumping away tin residues that would otherwise irreversibly deposit on the collector.
Evaluating the risks of occupational pesticide exposure (2009)

In the European Union (EU), the estimation and/or measurement of the operator exposure levels to a plant protection product (PPP) during its mixing/loading and application to the crops (outdoors or indoors) is a key issue in the registration process in accordance with Directive 91/414/EEC. The predictive models currently applied for regulatory purposes within the EU (UK POEM, German and Dutch models) have been based on data generated in Northern Europe, not reflecting the Southern European conditions. Several data, including outdoor and indoor trials in Greece, where hand-held application techniques were used, have been generated recently in order to address this issue. The most important route of exposure to PPPs is dermal, while the contribution of inhalation exposure is lower. The selection of the method to measure the operator exposure in each study is a decisive step and many factors should be taken into account. On the other hand, there are a great number of factors to consider when using predictive operator exposure models in the risk assessment of a PPP. In any case, the operator is considered to be safe only if the specific application scenario examined each time leads to a systemic exposure level lower than the systemic Acceptable Operator Exposure Levels (AOEL) as defined from the toxicological evaluation of each active substance.
Molecular relaxation properties studied by Rayleigh–Brillouin scattering from aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate salts (1990)

Rayleigh–Brillouin spectra of aqueous solutions of hydroxyl ammonium nitrate (HAN) and triethanol ammonium nitrate (TEAN) were studied at atmospheric pressure over a temperature range from 205 to 298 K. The hypersonic velocity and absorption coefficient of the phonons were calculated from the spectra as a function of temperature. The absorption due to viscosity and internal energy exchange through the relaxation mechanisms were considered. We find that both mechanisms are responsible for the absorption, but at the lower temperature, the one related to internal energy dominates. The free volume model was used to estimate the activation energy. This value is quite consistent with values calculated from the relaxation time. The effects of relaxation and the water concentration on mixtures of aqueous solutions of HAN and TEAN are also discussed.
Building and sustaining a learning organization (1998)

Considers how to create a learning environment and the implications for learning organizations. Draws on an Internet conference with managers from airport owner and operator BAA plc to debate four themes: modelling the learning process in organizations; organizational readiness; teamworking and learning and networked learning. Relates these to an agenda for organizational learning and renewal.
Melatonin attenuates stress‐induced defecation: lesson from a rat model of stress‐induced gut dysfunction (2005)

Melatonin is known to alleviate stress and modulate gut motility. We investigated the modulating effects of melatonin on stress-induced gut dysfunction. One hundred Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five equal groups, receiving intraperitoneal injections of 0, 1, 10, 100 or 1000 microg kg(-1) melatonin, respectively. Fifteen minutes later, each group was divided again into four subgroups receiving no treatment, 0.25 mg luzindole (a non-selective melatonin receptor antagonist) intraperitoneally, wrap-restraint stress, and 10 mg kg(-1) serotonin intraperitoneally, respectively. Two hours later, serum serotonin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and melatonin levels, and faecal output were recorded. Results showed that intraperitoneal melatonin increased faecal output, but this effect was abolished by luzindole. In wrap-restraint group, prior intraperitoneal melatonin at doses of 100 or 1000 microg kg(-1) significantly inhibited stress-induced defecation. This effect was associated with corresponding reductions in serum serotonin and CRF concentrations. In serotonin-treated group, serotonin-induced defecation was also inhibited by melatonin. In conclusion, melatonin exhibited an excitatory effect on bowel output in rats placed under resting state, while attenuated defecation in those subjected to wrap-restraint stress or serotonin treatment. The inhibitory effects of melatonin on stress-induced defecation may stem from its antagonistic effect on stress-induced enhancement of serotonin and CRF secretion.
Flight-Testing of a Low-Cost Precision Aerial Delivery System (2005)

The Affordable Guided Airdrop System is essentially an enhancement for a Container Delivery System (CDS) payload that allows the payload to be deployed over a drop zone from high altitude (10,000'+ MSL), while maintaining or even dramatically improving upon the accuracy achievable with low-altitude deployments. The ability of an aircraft to deliver payloads from these high altitudes greatly enhances the survivability of the aircraft when re- supplying units in hostile areas of operation. To achieve accurate payload delivery with the round parachutes used with CDS payloads, we have developed an autonomously guided actuator system that uses knowledge of the wind intensity and direction over the drop zone to guide these low-performance round parachutes to an accurate landing. The effectiveness of this method of aerial re-supply was demonstrated at the Precision Airdrop Technology Conference and Demonstration (PATCAD) 2003 using early prototype Airborne Guidance Units (AGUs). After demonstrating with proof-of-concept prototype AGAS units that riser slips can be used to effectively control the descent of a round parachute system, we set out to design an actuator system that would provide effective control while reducing the weight and complexity of the control unit. We also needed to answer questions about the best method of parachute rigging, what actuation stroke length would provide the best drive performance, expected system response times, what the upper and lower practical payload limits for the system would be, and what factors would have the greatest impact on system accuracy. Instrumented drop tests of the AGAS prototype systems provided data about loads in the parachute risers during actuations, the performance of the parachutes using various actuation stroke lengths, and electrical current-draw requirements of the actuators during operation. The data were analyzed and used to identify the ideal operating characteristics of an AGAS-equipped payload. In a joint effort between Capewell Components and Vertigo Inc., these characteristics were used to refine the design of the guidance system and to develop the design into a mature product. The result of this effort was a lighter, more compact, and more reliable actuator system, and better integration of the subsystems that support AGAS deployments. Five redesigned Airborne Guidance Units (AGUs), two windpacks, and a mission computer were then fabricated. Six separate test missions have been conducted with the new systems, with multiple payloads being deployed on each mission. The payloads were all of similar weight and configuration, were programmed for the same target coordinates, and were deployed on the same pass. This near simultaneous deployment of multiple systems with the same rate of descent and the same target resulted in close formation flying of the systems, and frequent collisions between the systems, but the overall accuracy results were excellent. System development and testing is ongoing, with the
Apoptosis during Mouse Blastocyst Formation: Evidence for a Role for Survival Factors Including Transforming Growth Factor α1 (1997)

Mouse blastocysts undergo cell death in the inner cell mass (ICM) as a normal feature of development, but little is known as to how this event is regulated or as to the possible role of survival factors in preimplantation development. The observation that growth factors, which can influence preimplantation development, can act as survival factors in other cell types led us to investigate the effects of culture in vitro, embryo density during culture, and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) on cell death in the blastocyst. Mouse blastocysts cultured singly from the 2-cell stage in 25 microl of medium KSOM + amino acids showed a approximately 3-fold increase in the incidence of cell death, predominantly in the ICM, relative to blastocysts formed in vivo. Increasing the density of embryo culture to 30 embryos per 25 microl of culture medium accelerated development, increased final blastocyst cell number, and partially (approximately 50%) reduced the increase in cell death induced by culture in vitro. Addition of 0.1 pM TGF alpha to the medium of singly cultured embryos also partially (33%) reduced this increase in cell death without accelerating development or increasing final cell number. Culturing isolated ICMs for 24 h in the presence of 0.1 pM TGF alpha also partially (33%) reduced the increase in cell death. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling of whole blastocysts confirmed that cell death as detected by fragmented nuclei was apoptotic, as defined by endonuclease activation. Results of these experiments suggest that endogenously produced growth factors may function as cell survival factors during preimplantation development.
Experience with wire scanners at SLC (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. C. Ross, E. Bong, L. Hendrickson, D. McCormick, M. Zolotorev; Experience with wire scanners at SLC. AIP Conf. Proc. 10 July 1992; 281 (1): 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.44346 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Purification and characterization of ATBP, a novel protein that binds to A/T stretches in three segments of the <i>Sarcophaga</i> lectin gene (1994)

A DNA-binding protein for the Sarcophaga lectin gene, ATBP (A/T-stretches-binding protein) was purified to homogeneity from the nuclear extract of NIH-Sape-4 cells. The molecular mass of ATBP determined under denaturing conditions was 53 kDa, but its native molecular mass estimated by gel-filtration chromatography was 430 kDa, suggesting that it is an octamer of the 53-kDa subunit. This protein bound to at least three DNA fragments from the Sarcophaga lectin gene, two of them are in the 5'-upstream region and the other is in a region containing an intron. These fragments are very AT rich and inlaid with stretches of A or T residues (A/T stretches). ATBP was found to have affinity for poly[d(A-T)]. These results suggest that ATBP binds to A/T stretches in the three DNA fragments from this gene. Furthermore, longer DNA was found to be bound more effectively, suggesting that an octamer of the 53-kDa subunit has multiple binding sites for the DNA fragments and requires a relatively long DNA sequence for binding.
Expansion and phase correlation of a wavelength tunable gain-switched optical frequency comb (2019)

A novel scheme for the expansion and phase correlation of a wavelength tunable gain-switched optical frequency comb (OFC) is presented. This method entails firstly combining two gain-switched OFCs and expanding them using a phase modulator. Subsequently, the phase correlation between all the comb lines is induced through four-wave mixing (FWM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). In this article, the generation of 42 highly correlated comb lines separated by 6.25 GHz, with an optical carrier to noise ratio (OCNR) of more than 50 dB, is experimentally demonstrated. In addition, the wavelength tunability of the scheme, over 30 nm within the C band, is shown. Finally, the degree of phase correlation between comb lines is verified through RF beat tone linewidth measurements. The results show a five orders of magnitude reduction in the beat tone linewidth, due to FWM in an SOA.