gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Microlaterolog (1953)

Abstract A new electrical logging method, called MicroLaterolog, is described, whereby the resistivity Rxo of the invaded zone close to the wall of the bore hole is measured. This method essentially utilizes a system of concentric circular electrodes imbedded in an insulating support which is applied to the wall of the hole. A beam of current of very small diameter is focused horizontally into the formations by means of an automatic control device, and then opens widely at short distance from the wall. With this method, Rxo most often can be recorded directly, except when the mud cake is very thick, in which case a correction is easily provided. The basic role of factor Rxo in the quantitative analysis of electrical logs in terms of fluid saturation and of porosity is explained. The paper is illustrated with field examples. Introduction In electrical logging, the resistivity of that part of the permeable and porous formations which is invaded by mud filtrate is an important factor in the interpretation. Measurements made with the conventional devices - normal, lateral- and also with improved systems as the Laterolog and induction logging - are very often more or less affected by the presence of the invaded zone, and the knowledge of the resistivity of this zone is useful in the evaluation of the true resistivity of the beds, which itself is a basic element for the determination of fluid saturation. Moreover, the comparison of the resistivity of the invaded zone with the resistivity of the mud filtrate gives valuable indications on the magnitude of the formation resistivity factor - which in turn is necessary for the quantitative interpretation of the logs, both in terms of fluid saturation and of porosity. On the other hand, it is generally admitted that the invaded zone is not a homogeneous medium separated from the uncontaminated part of the bed by a well defined cylindrical boundary, but that the fluid distribution - filtrate, connate water, hydrocarbon - and hence, the resistivity in the invaded zone varies progressively with the distance from the wall of the hole. The term "resistivity of the invaded zone" therefore corresponds to an average value which is a function of the distribution of the fluids. Inasmuch as the law of this distribution is not exactly known, the resistivity of the invaded zone is not a well defined factor.
A formula for the levitation force between magnetic disks (1993)

Permanent magnet disks are commonly used as passive magnetic bearings for magnetic suspension applications. A closed-form expression is presented for computing the levitation force between magnetic disks. This expression enables rapid parametric studies of the levitation force relative to material properties, dimensions, and spacing. It is easily implemented in any programming environment, and requires only a few minutes of run time on a personal computer. It is tested using finite element analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SEEING IS BELIEVING: AN 11 GHZ MOLECULAR BEAM ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM (7.5 - 18.5 GHZ) WITH 100 KHZ RESOLUTION IN 15 $\mu s$ MEASUREMENT TIME (2005)

{J. C. McGurk, T. G. Schmalz and W. H. Flygare \textit{J. Chem. Phys.
The use of self checks and voting in software error detection: an empirical study (1990)

The results of an empirical study of software error detection using self checks and N-version voting are presented. Working independently, each of 24 programmers first prepared a set of self checks using just the requirements specification of an aerospace application, and then each added self checks to an existing implementation of that specification. The modified programs were executed to measure the error-detection performance of the checks and to compare this with error detection using simple voting among multiple versions. The analysis of the checks revealed that there are great differences in the ability of individual programmers to design effective checks. It was found that some checks that might have been effective failed to detect an error because they were badly placed, and there were numerous instances of checks signaling nonexistent errors. In general, specification-based checks alone were not as effective as specification-based checks combined with code-based checks. Self checks made it possible to identify faults that had not been detected previously by voting 28 versions of the program over a million randomly generated inputs. This appeared to result from the fact that the self checks could examine the internal state of the executing program, whereas voting examines only final results of computations. If internal states had to be identical in N-version voting systems, then there would be no reason to write multiple versions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Suppression of Proton Mobility by Hydrophobic Hydration (2009)

Fluorescence microscopy and conductivity measurements reveal a remarkably strong effect of hydrophobic groups on the mobility of protons in water. The addition of 5 M of tetramethylurea (4 methyl groups per molecule) results in a reduction of the proton mobility by a factor of approximately 10: hydrophobic hydration strongly suppresses proton mobility. These observations demonstrate the collective nature of aqueous proton transport.
Regioselective hydrogenation of conjugated dienes catalyzed by hydridopentacyanocobaltate anion using .beta.-cyclodextrin as the phase transfer agent and lanthanide halides as promoters (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective hydrogenation of conjugated dienes catalyzed by hydridopentacyanocobaltate anion using .beta.-cyclodextrin as the phase transfer agent and lanthanide halides as promotersJong Tae Lee and Howard AlperCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 6, 1854–1856Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00293a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00293a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views554Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Partial Selection Query in Peer-to-Peer Databases (2006)

In this paper, we propose DBSampler, a query execution mechanism to answer "partial selection" queries in peerto- peer databases. A partial selection query is an arbitrary selection query that is satisfied with a fraction \in of the results; a universal operation with applications in database tuning, query optimization and approximate query processing in peer-to-peer databases. DBSampler is based on an epidemic dissemination algorithm. We model the epidemic dissemination as a percolation problem and by rigorous percolation analysis tune DBSampler per-query and on-thefly to answer partial queries correctly and efficiently. We verify the efficiency of DBSampler in terms of query cost and query time via extensive simulation.
Vegetables, Fruit, and Colon Cancer in the lowa Women's Health Study (1994)

Previous epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse association between vegetable and fruit consumption and colon cancer risk; few of these studies have been prospective or have focused on women. This report describes results from a prospective cohort study of 41,837 women aged 55-69 years who completed a 127-item food frequency questionnaire in 1986 and were monitored for cancer incidence for 5 years via the State Health Registry of Iowa. After specific exclusion criteria were applied, 212 colon cancer cases and 167,447 person-years were available for analysis. Intakes of 15 vegetable and fruit groups and dietary fiber were the major factors of interest. Consumption of garlic was inversely associated with risk, with an age- and energy-adjusted relative risk of 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46-1.02) for the uppermost versus the lowermost consumption levels. Inverse associations were also observed for intakes of all vegetables and dietary fiber; age- and energy-adjusted relative risks for the uppermost versus the lowermost intake quartiles were 0.73 (95% CI 0.47-1.13) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.49-1.31), respectively. Associations for the other vegetable and fruit groups were less remarkable.
Two novel motion-based algorithms for surveillance video analysis on embedded platforms (2010)

This paper proposes two novel motion-vector based techniques for target detection and target tracking in surveillance videos. The algorithms are designed to operate on a resource-constrained device, such as a surveillance camera, and to reuse the motion vectors generated by the video encoder. The first novel algorithm for target detection uses motion vectors to construct a consistent motion mask, which is combined with a simple background segmentation technique to obtain a segmentation mask. The second proposed algorithm aims at multi-target tracking and uses motion vectors to assign blocks to targets employing five features. The weights of these features are adapted based on the interaction between targets. These algorithms are combined in one complete analysis application. The performance of this application for target detection has been evaluated for the i-LIDS sterile zone dataset and achieves an F1-score of 0.40-0.69. The performance of the analysis algorithm for multi-target tracking has been evaluated using the CAVIAR dataset and achieves an MOTP of around 9.7 and MOTA of 0.17-0.25. On a selection of targets in videos from other datasets, the achieved MOTP and MOTA are 8.8-10.5 and 0.32-0.49 respectively. The execution time on a PC-based platform is 36 ms. This includes the 20 ms for generating motion vectors, which are also required by the video encoder.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Falciparum Malaria (1965)

SummaryInvestigations of the duration of the prepatent period and of the early clinical course of falciparum malaria (McLendon strain) were conducted with 16 non-immune American Negro men. Eight of the men were glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient and 8 were not. The investigations did not disclose evidence supporting the hypothesis that G6PD deficiency confers a biologic advantage against falciparum malaria.
Multi-Level Time-Over-Threshold Method for Energy Resolving Multi-Channel Systems (2010)

Pixellated radiation detectors require an energy resolving multichannel system. The time-over-threshold (ToT) method provides an inexpensive way to energy-resolving signal processing. However, the conventional, single-threshold ToT method suffers from a small dynamic range and poor linearity. We have studied linearity in a ToT system for typical shaping filters and propose a new, multi-level, ToT scheme. This method provides higher linearity and wider dynamic range. We have analyzed the typical signal cases of triangular, CR-RC, and Semi-Gaussian filters, and achieved a linearity of less ≤3% in Integral Non-Linearity (INL).
Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine in Renal Disease: Limits of Variation or Variation Limits? (2007)

Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is increasingly recognized as a putative biomarker in cardiovascular and renal disease. Elevated plasma levels of ADMA are the consequence of increased synthesis, reduced renal clearance or reduced enzymatic degradation. Based upon the metabolic fate the highest plasma concentrations of ADMA have been reported in patients with renal failure in whom this molecule accumulates. However, the range of published ADMA levels in patients with chronic renal failure as well as in patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplant recipients is widely scattered and overlaps with the levels reported in healthy individuals. This wide distribution can in part be explained by different bioanalytical techniques and the lack of standardization of such assays. This review summarizes available literature on ADMA in patients with kidney disease and stresses the urgent need for a consensus regarding reference values for different analytical methods in order to appreciate the prognostic significance of elevated ADMA levels. At present, one cannot advocate this molecule for risk assessment or individual patient prognosis in the clinical work-up of patients with renal impairment.
GANsfer Learning: Combining labelled and unlabelled data for GAN based data augmentation (2018)

Medical imaging is a domain which suffers from a paucity of manually annotated data for the training of learning algorithms. Manually delineating pathological regions at a pixel level is a time consuming process, especially in 3D images, and often requires the time of a trained expert. As a result, supervised machine learning solutions must make do with small amounts of labelled data, despite there often being additional unlabelled data available. Whilst of less value than labelled images, these unlabelled images can contain potentially useful information. In this paper we propose combining both labelled and unlabelled data within a GAN framework, before using the resulting network to produce images for use when training a segmentation network. We explore the task of deep grey matter multi-class segmentation in an AD dataset and show that the proposed method leads to a significant improvement in segmentation results, particularly in cases where the amount of labelled data is restricted. We show that this improvement is largely driven by a greater ability to segment the structures known to be the most affected by AD, thereby demonstrating the benefits of exposing the system to more examples of pathological anatomical variation. We also show how a shift in domain of the training data from young and healthy towards older and more pathological examples leads to better segmentations of the latter cases, and that this leads to a significant improvement in the ability for the computed segmentations to stratify cases of AD.
Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Severity of Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction in Elite Athletes (2003)

In elite athletes, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) may respond to dietary modification, thereby reducing the need for pharmacologic treatment. Ten elite athletes with EIB and 10 elite athletes without EIB (control subjects) participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study. Subjects entered the study on their normal diet, and then received either fish oil capsules containing 3.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 2.2 g docohexaenoic acid (n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] diet; n = 5) or placebo capsules containing olive oil (placebo diet; n = 5) taken daily for 3 weeks. Diet had no effect on preexercise pulmonary function in either group or on postexercise pulmonary function in control subjects. However, in subjects with EIB, the n-3 PUFA diet improved postexercise pulmonary function compared with the normal and placebo diets. FEV1 decreased by 3 +/- 2% on n-3 PUFA diet, 14.5 +/- 5% on placebo diet, and 17.3 +/- 6% on normal diet at 15 minutes postexercise. Leukotriene (LT)E4, 9alpha, 11beta-prostaglandin F2, LTB4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1beta, all significantly decreased on the n-3 PUFA diet compared with normal and placebo diets and after the exercise challenge. These data suggest that dietary fish oil supplementation has a markedly protective effect in suppressing EIB in elite athletes, and this may be attributed to their antiinflammatory properties.
Chemical synthesis and characterization of poly(aniline‐<i>co</i>‐ethyl 3‐aminobenzoate) copolymers (2010)

Abstract Copolymers of aniline and ethyl 3‐aminobenzoate (3EAB) were synthesized by chemical polymerization in several mole ratios of aniline to functionalized aniline, and their physicochemical properties were compared to those of poly(aniline‐ co ‐3‐aminobenzoic acid) (3ABAPANI) copolymers. The copolymers were characterized with UV–vis, FTIR, Raman, SEM, EPR, and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and conductivity measurements. The influence of the carboxylic acid and ester group ring substituents on the copolymers was investigated. The spectroscopic studies confirmed incorporation of 3ABA or 3EAB units in the copolymers and hence the presence of CO group in the copolymer chains. The conductivity and EPR signals both decreased with increasing 3EAB content of the copolymers emeraldine salt (ES) form. The conductivity of the ES form of 3ABAPANI was found to be high (1.4 × 10 −1 S cm −1 ) compared with the conductivity (10 −2 –10 −3 S cm −1 ) of 3EABPANI (ES) copolymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1339–1347, 2010
Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids Isolated from Licorice (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntioxidant Activity of Flavonoids Isolated from LicoriceMichael H. Gordon and Jing AnCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 7, 1784–1788Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00055a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views472Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (594 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis of <i>Escherichia coli</i> homogenates: The <i>Escherichia coli</i> SWISS‐2DPAGE database (1996)

Numerous Escherichia coli proteins have already been characterized by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE), using carrier ampholytes in the first dimension (VanBogelen, R. A., Sankar, P., Clark, R. L., Bogan, J. A. and Neidhardt, F. C., Electrophoresis 1992, 13, 1014-1054). We present here a reference protein map of E. coli obtained with immobilized pH gradients (IPG) and available in a SWISS-2DPAGE format. Out of the protein spots identified in the E. coli gene protein database by Neidhardt's group, 153 have been identified in the E. coli gene protein database by Neihardt's group, 153 have been identified on the E. coli SWISS-2DPAGE database map by gel comparison and most of them were confirmed either by the analysis of amino acid composition (AAC) and/or N-terminal microsequencing. Additionally, five as yet unsequenced proteins were found. The E. coli SWISS-2DPAGE database is part of the ExPASy molecular biology server accessible through the Word Wide Web network.
The constituents of Schizandra chinensis Baill. XI. The structures of three new lignans, angeloylgomisin O, and angeloyl- and benzoylisogomisin O. (1982)

Three new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, angeloylgomisin O (1), and angeloyl-(2) and benzoylisogomisin O (3) were isolated from the fruits of Schizandra chinensis BAILL. (Schizandraceae). Their absolute structures were elucidated by means of chemical and spectral studies.
Unsung Hero: Noimany Pialeuxay (2008)

Noimany Pialeuxay, the first woman driver to be hired by MAG Lao PDR, has worked with her all-female unexploded ordnance clearance team to clear landmines in remote areas of Laos. Her story has been an inspiration to many other women who wish to join the demining effort.
A Robust Registration Method for Autonomous Driving Pose Estimation in Urban Dynamic Environment Using LiDAR (2019)

The registration of point clouds in urban environments faces problems such as dynamic vehicles and pedestrians, changeable road environments, and GPS inaccuracies. The state-of-the-art methodologies have usually combined the dynamic object tracking and/or static feature extraction data into a point cloud towards the solution of these problems. However, there is the occurrence of minor initial position errors due to these methodologies. In this paper, the authors propose a fast and robust registration method that exhibits no need for the detection of any dynamic and/or static objects. This proposed methodology may be able to adapt to higher initial errors. The initial steps of this methodology involved the optimization of the object segmentation under the application of a series of constraints. Based on this algorithm, a novel multi-layer nested RANSAC algorithmic framework is proposed to iteratively update the registration results. The robustness and efficiency of this algorithm is demonstrated on several high dynamic scenes of both short and long time intervals with varying initial offsets. A LiDAR odometry experiment was performed on the KITTI data set and our extracted urban data-set with a high dynamic urban road, and the average of the horizontal position errors was compared to the distance traveled that resulted in 0.45% and 0.55% respectively.
Collection of charge from alpha-particle tracks in silicon devices (1983)

Experimentally and by computer simulation, we have investigated the collection process of alpha-particle-generated charge in silicon devices. We studied the total charge collected and the transient characteristics of collection for various structures. Analytic results indicate that a strong drift field extends far beyond the original depletion layer, and funnels a large number of carriers into the struck node. This field-funneling component of charge collection is a strong function of substrate resistivity and bias voltage. It is relatively independent of the area of the struck device. The collection is less efficient for a small capacitance node. The funneling also occurred with a time delay when an alpha particle missed the field region by a short distance. Devices on an n-type substrate were also studied. They exhibit a similar funneling effect as the p-type substrate. The agreement between measurement and simulation is excellent. The impact on future VLSI design is discussed.
Clamp loading, unloading and intrinsic stability of the PCNA, β and gp45 sliding clamps of human, <i>E. coli</i> and T4 replicases (1996)

The stability of the different clamps in solution correlates with their stability on DNA. Thus, the low stability of the T4 clamp explains the inability to isolate gp45 on DNA. The stability of the PCNA and beta clamps predicts they will require an unloading factor to recycle them on and off DNA during replication. The clamp loaders of PCNA and beta double as clamp unloaders presumably for the purpose of clamp recycling.