gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation protects striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals against MPP<sup>+</sup>‐induced neurotoxicity along with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor induction (2001)

We have studied the in vivo effect of the selective agonist for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (2S, 2'R, 3'R)-2-(2'3'-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine (DCG-IV) against MPP+-induced toxicity on rat striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals by using both microdialysis and immunohistochemical techniques. Perfusion of 1 mM DCG-IV during 1 h protected dopaminergic nerve terminals against the degeneration induced by a 15-minute perfusion of 1 mM MPP+. In addition, the microglial cell population was markedly activated 24 h after DCG-IV perfusion. The astroglial cell population was only markedly activated around the microdialysis probe. This protective effect seems to be dependent on protein synthesis since 1 mM cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, abolished the neuroprotective effect of 1 mM DCG-IV against MPP+ toxicity. Perfusion of DCG-IV induced an upregulation of striatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expressing cells which were confined precisely around the microdialysis probe. Taken together, our results suggest that the induction and release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by activated glial cells induced by DCG-IV perfusion may account for its protective action against MPP+-induced dopaminergic terminal degeneration.
Chromosomal abnormalities in liver cell dysplasia detected by comparative genomic hybridisation (2001)

These findings support the preneoplastic status of SCC in human hepatocarcinogenesis.
Enhanced Expression of miR-199b-5p Promotes Proliferation of Pancreatic .β-Cells by Down-Regulation of MLK3 (2016)

Our data suggest that the up-regulation of miR-199b-5p enhances proliferation of β-cells at least in part through down-regulation of MLK3.
A Credential Store for Multi-tenant Science Gateways (2014)

Science Gateways bridge multiple computational grids and clouds, acting as overlay cyber infrastructure. Gateways have three logical tiers: a user interfacing tier, a resource tier and a bridging middleware tier. Different groups may operate these tiers. This introduces three security challenges. First, the gateway middleware must manage multiple types of credentials associated with different resource providers. Second, the separation of the user interface and middleware layers means that security credentials must be securely delegated from the user interface to the middleware. Third, the same middleware may serve multiple gateways, so the middleware must correctly isolate user credentials associated with different gateways. We examine each of these three scenarios, concentrating on the requirements and implementation of the middleware layer. We propose and investigate the use of a Credential Store to solve the three security challenges.
A Novel “Pseudo” Direct-Drive Brushless Permanent Magnet Machine (2008)

For low-speed electrical machine applications, it is usually weight/size and cost effective to employ a high-speed machine together with a mechanical gearbox. However, the disadvantages associated with magnetic gearboxes can be overcome by mechanically and magnetically integrating a magnetic gear and a permanent magnet brushless machine, to create a ldquopseudordquo direct-drive machine. It is shown that a torque density in excess of 60 kNm/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> can then be achieved, at a power factor in excess of 0.9.
Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution (2005)

There has been much interest in quantum key distribution. Experimentally, quantum key distribution over 150 km of commercial Telecom fibers has been successfully performed. The crucial issue in quantum key distribution is its security. Unfortunately, all recent experiments are, in principle, insecure due to real-life imperfections. Here, we propose a method that can for the first time make most of those experiments secure by using essentially the same hardware. Our method is to use decoy states to detect eavesdropping attacks. As a consequence, we have the best of both worlds--enjoying unconditional security guaranteed by the fundamental laws of physics and yet dramatically surpassing even some of the best experimental performances reported in the literature.
"El maíz, nuestra raíz". Los debates sobre la independencia alimentaria en Centroamérica (2012)

Este articulo aborda, a traves de la revision de tres ejemplos historicos, algunos
de los debates publicos mas significativos sobre el tema de la independencia alimentaria en Centroamerica. Se analizan los actores y coyunturas que, en distintos momentos, han participado en las discusiones sobre la alimentacion y en sus iniciativas para resolver los problemas derivados del hambre y la desnutricion en los paises de America Central. De este modo, se abordan los casos de a) la creacion del INCAP en 1949 y los debates que esta institucion propicio a proposito de las donaciones de alimentos hacia paises centroamericanos, b) las discusiones sobre la alimentacion como resultado de la revolucion sandinista en Nicaragua y c) la consolidacion del tema de la independencia alimentaria en las agendas publicas de los paises de la region a partir de la decada de 1990.

The article examines some of the most significant public debates on food
independence in Central America analyzing three historic examples. It looks at the actors who participated in the discussions on nutrition and follows the evaluation of the initiatives to resolve problems related to hunger and malnutrition in the region. The articles relates to the following cases: a) the foundation of INCAP in 1949 and its position towards food-aid in the 1980s, b) the discussion on nutrition after the Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua and c) the consolidation of the subject as an item on the political agenda since the 1990s.
Performance of UMTS to GSM handover algorithms (2005)

Handover constitutes a key feature for ensuring interworking between the various wireless systems that have emerged recently. We focus on handover between UMTS and GSM networks; it is indeed a crucial mechanism for UMTS operators to ensure continuity of service and most benefit from previous GSM investments. The paper presents a performance evaluation of such intersystem handover, obtained through dynamic system simulations. Different parameter settings of the handover algorithm have been studied, together with different triggering criteria, for a realistic network configuration. The paper is a first step towards optimisation of the UMTS to GSM handover algorithm and its setting.
Spiking neural networks, an introduction (2003)

This paper gives an introduction to spiking neural networks, some biological background, and will present two models of spiking neurons that employ pulse coding. Networks of spiking neurons are more powerful than their non-spiking predecessors as they can encode temporal information in their signals, but therefore do also need dilferent and biologically more plausible rules for synaptic plasticity
Vitamin E based stabilizer components in HDPE polymer (1998)

Abstract The effects of individual components in a vitamin E based antioxidant formulation (CF‐120) on off‐odor release, melt flow property and yellow color property of HDPE resin pellets were investigated using a three‐phase study. The formulation consists of vitamin E, glycerol, polyethylene glycol‐400 (PEG‐400), and glyceryl monocaprylate/caprate (GMC). The resin pellets were extruded from HDPE resin powder using a laboratory scale single screw extruder. Off‐odor release from the resin pellets was evaluated using a sensory panel and GC/MS analysis. Melt flow indices and yellowness indices of the resin pellets were also measured. Screening experiment (Phase I) showed that GMC greatly contributed to off‐odor and MFI reduction; vitamin E greatly contributed to yellow color formation. Factorial experiment (Phase II) confirmed that GMC was the major off‐odor contributor. Response surface experiment (Phase III) showed that yellowness index and odor score reasonably correlated to vitamin E and GMC concentrations; MFI and nonanal concentration did not correlate well with vitamin E and GMC concentrations. The identification of octanoic acid by GC/MS from HDPE resin pellets suggested that possible thermal/mechanical degradation of GMC might occur in extrusion. The results are useful for designing a better vitamin E formulation for reducing the off‐odor, without significantly enhancing yellow color formation.
A four-year study examining the results of indirect sinus augmentation procedures. (1997)

Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus compromises available bone for maxillary posterior implant placement. Subantral augmentation, using indirect sinus lift procedures, can successfully increase the available bone for implant placement. These procedures are safe and predictable. New implant designs are now making it easier to do indirect sinus augmentations as immediate implant cases. This study examines the results of indirect sinus augmentation procedures.
猪饲喂中的几个问题—颗粒料,重新饲喂和蛋白质源 (1995)

猪饲喂中的几个问题─—颗粒料、重新饲喂和蛋白质源王春林摘译自《ＦｅｅｄＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ》Ｊｕｌｙ１９９４．１１～１５沈晓成校１．如果猪因疾病而丧失食欲或因饲喂设备故障而吃不到饲料，那么该怎么办？是否条要加强猪日粮的营养以便使猪能在重新采食时...
Kinematic control and visual display of redundant teleoperators (2003)

A framework is proposed for helping the operator of a redundant teleoperator to perform tasks in a 3D environment. The aid is implemented on a graphics workstation. Kinematic control of the redundant teleoperator is performed by specifying end-effector trajectories and using a numerical inverse kinematic algorithm to determine positions of the intermediate links of the teleoperator. Also proposed are graphic displays that aid the operator in the execution of tasks. Experiments with a twelve-degrees-of-freedom vehicle manipulator system that were conducted to compare these suggestions with other methods of kinematic control and display indicate that the proposed framework results in superior performance by reducing both task completion times and collision with obstacles in the environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cost Analysis of a Neonatal Point-of-Care Monitor (2002)

A hypothetical model using a base case and sensitivity analyses compared averted and incurred costs of in-line monitoring with neonatal intensive care unit satellite laboratory testing. Data were obtained retrospectively for 1 year from 50 consecutive critically ill premature neonates weighing less than 1,000 g at birth whose blood tests were performed in-line and processed at the satellite laboratory. Averted costs included phlebotomies, satellite blood testing, and transfusions; incurred costs included in-line monitor rental, nursing time, and daily monitor validation. In-line monitoring led to cost savings of $324 per neonate and a benefit/cost ratio (BCR) of 1.23 in our base case. Sensitivity and scenario analyses addressed uncertainty and led to a BCR variation of 0.41 to 2.48. Compared with satellite laboratory testing, in-line monitoring of critically ill neonates may generate cost savings through reduced laboratory analysis expense, less phlebotomy loss, and fewer blood transfusions for hospitals with high laboratory cost structures. Because most cost savings result from offsetting indirect costs (eg, building space and hospital overhead) that are of a longer term nature, short-run cost savings are less likely to be realized.
Emergency Services Control Model for Next Generation Networks (2010)

Functioning and effective telecommunications are fundamental during and after disasters, be they natural or man-made, and it is specially in these particular situations that communications might congest at a very high rate. Therefore, emergency sessions need to be prioritized over non-emergency sessions to ensure the best coordination. For the more, it becomes clear that the control of Quality of Service in the on-going non-emergency sessions or even the acceptance of new non-emergency sessions is a key feature for the success of emergency services in critical situations. For all these reasons we propose a novel portable model for telecommunications operators for the support of emergency services, which through specific thresholds and dynamic policies will enhance the performance of Next Generation Networks under exceptional circumstances. The model complements the work done in emergency situations from other related work and conveys with the requirements defined by the ITU-T.
Spontaneous Activity of Primary Afferent Neurons in Diabetic BB/Wistar Rats: A Possible Mechanism of Chronic Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (1985)

The mechanism of painful diabetic neuropathy remains unknown. Spontaneous activity in nociceptive primary afferents has been implicated in the genesis of chronic pain due to peripheral nerve injury, and diabetic axonopathy shares some histologic features with traumatic neuropathy. We hypothesized that spontaneous hyperactivity of nociceptive neurons might represent the neurophysiologic mechanism of diabetic neuropathic pain. To test this, we examined the spontaneous activity of primary afferent axons from diabetic BB/Wistar and normal Wistar rat saphenous nerves isolated from central and peripheral connections. Microfilament recordings from diabetic nerves showed a significantly higher incidence of spontaneous discharges in comparison to normal nerves. Furthermore, this spontaneous hyperactivity occurred almost exclusively in potentially nociceptive C-fibers. We conclude that in the diabetic BB/Wistar rat, spontaneous impulses are generated in potential nociceptive primary afferent neurons, and that this may represent the mechanism of chronic diabetic neuropathic pain.
Localization of 9- and 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acids in tomato fruit (2014)

We previously reported that the two peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α agonists, 9- and 13-oxo-octadecadienoic acids (oxo-ODAs), were found in the tomato fruit. However, their localization remains unknown. Herein, we showed that oxo-ODAs localize primarily in the fruit peel and their amount increases after the homogenization of the tomato fruit.
Valid parameter space of 2-D Gaussian Markov random fields (1993)

The valid parameter spaces of infinite- and finite-lattice (2-D noncausal) Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRFs) are investigated. For the infinite-lattice fields, the valid parameter space is shown to admit an explicit description; a procedure that yields the valid parameter space is presented. This procedure is applied to the second-order (neighborhood) 2-D GMRFs to obtain an explicit description of their valid parameter spaces. For the finite-lattice fields, it is shown that the valid parameter space does not admit a simple description; the conditions that ensure the positivity of the power spectrum are necessary, sufficient, and irreducible. The set of conditions for the infinite-lattice fields, however, serves as a good set of sufficient conditions for the finite-lattice case. The results readily extend to the class of d-D real and complex GMRFs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Viewpoint Dependent Imaging: An Interactive Stereoscopic Display</title> (1983)

Design and implementation of a viewpoint Dependent imaging system is described. The resultant display is an interactive, lifesize, stereoscopic image. that becomes a window into a three dimensional visual environment. As the user physically changes his viewpoint of the represented data in relation to the display surface, the image is continuously updated. The changing viewpoints are retrieved from a comprehensive, stereoscopic image array stored on computer controlled, optical videodisc and fluidly presented. in coordination with the viewer's, movements as detected by a body-tracking device. This imaging system is an attempt to more closely represent an observers interactive perceptual experience of the visual world by presenting sensory information cues not offered by traditional media technologies: binocular parallax, motion parallax, and motion perspective. Unlike holographic imaging, this display requires, relatively low bandwidth.
Characterization of Pseudomonas putida genes responsive to nutrient limitation (2004)

The low bioavailability of nutrients and oxygen in the soil environment has hampered successful expression of biodegradation and biocontrol genes that are driven by promoters highly active during routine laboratory conditions of high availability of nutrients and oxygen. Hence, in the present study, expression of the gus-tagged genes in 12 Tn5-gus mutants of the soil microbe Pseudomonas putida PNL-MK25 were examined under various conditions chosen to mimic the soil environment: low carbon, phosphate, nitrate or oxygen, and in the rhizosphere. Based on their expression profiles, three nutrient-responsive mutant (NRM) strains, NRM5, NRM7 and NRM17, were selected for identification of the tagged genes. In strain NRM5, expression of the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdhA) gene was increased 4.9-26.4-fold under various low-nutrient conditions. In NRM7, expression of the novel NADPH : quinone oxidoreductase-like (nql) gene was consistently amongst the highest and was synergistically upregulated by low-nutrient and anoxic conditions. The cyoD gene in NRM17, which encodes the fourth subunit of the cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase complex, had decreased expression in low-nutrient conditions but its absolute expression level was still amongst the highest. Additionally, it was independent of oxygen availability, in contrast to that in Escherichia coli.
Magnetic anisotropy of embedded Co nanoparticles: Influence of the surrounding matrix (2010)

We report on the magnetic properties of Co clusters embedded in four different matrices (Ag, Au, Si, and amorphous carbon). The recently developed ``triple fit'' method for treating conventional magnetometry data allows, together with micro-superconducting quantum interference device ($\ensuremath{\mu}$-SQUID) investigations, the detailed study of the influence of the surrounding matrix on the magnetic volume and the magnetic anisotropy of Co nanoparticles. While interdiffusion between matrix and Co atoms cannot be excluded in Si and amorphous C matrices, the structure of clusters embedded in the metallic matrices remains intact. Ag and Au matrices increase significantly the magnetic anisotropy energy of the Co clusters. $\ensuremath{\mu}$-SQUID experiments indicate that the magnetic anisotropy of embedded clusters is not affected by a magnetically dead layer and that an anisotropy dispersion must be taken into account for size-selected nanoparticles.
Motion detection based on spatio-temporal saliency perception (2013)

This paper proposes a method of motion detection which fuses spatial and temporal saliency information. First, by introducing the edge information to the Itti model, after extracting the brightness, color, direction and edge features, the spatial saliency map is obtained by fusing these information with center-surround mechanism and Gaussian difference. Second, motion saliency in temporal domain is extracted by applying kernel density estimation to video sequence. Finally according to the motion preference rule and computing the two saliency information weights, the spatiotemporal salient map can be computed and the moving target can be detected. Experimental results show that the method with the fusion of spatio-temporal saliency can detect the moving object exactly and effectively.
Infrared spectra of new sulfur-nitrogen species in solid argon (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared spectra of new sulfur-nitrogen species in solid argonParviz Hassanzadeh and Lester AndrewsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 1, 83–91Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00027a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00027a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views415Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermodynamic Calculations for Complex Chemical Mixtures (1986)

General computer program, CECTRP, developed for calculation of thermodynamic properties of complex mixtures with option to calculate transport properties of these mixtures. Free-energy minimization technique used in equilibrium calculation. Rigorous equations used in transport calculations. Program calculates equilibrium compositions and corresponding thermodynamic and transport properties of mixtures. CECTRP accommodates up to 24 reactants, 20 elements, and 600 products, 400 of which are condensed. Written in FORTRAN IV for any large computer system.
Single-electron tunnel junction array: an electrostatic analog of the Josephson transmission line (1989)

The authors carried out static and dynamic analyses of uniform one-dimensional arrays of ultrasmall tunnel junctions. The correlated single-electron tunneling in the junctions of the array results in a behavior qualitatively similar to that of the Josephson transmission line. In particular, external electric fields applied to the array edges can inject single-electron-charged solitons into the array interior. The shape of such a soliton and the character of its interactions with other solitons and the array edge are very similar to those of Josephson vortices (sine-Gordon solitons) in the Josephson transmission line. Under certain conditions, a coherent motion of the soliton train along the array is possible, resulting in generation of narrowband SET (single-electron tunneling) oscillations with frequency f= <I xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">/e, where <I> is the DC current flowing along the array.<<ETX>></ETX></I></I>