gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pimelic acid, the first precursor of the <scp><i>B</i></scp><i>acillus subtilis</i> biotin synthesis pathway, exists as the free acid and is assembled by fatty acid synthesis (2017)

Biotin synthetic pathways are readily separated into two stages, synthesis of the seven carbon α, ω-dicarboxylic acid pimelate moiety and assembly of the fused heterocyclic rings. The biotin pathway genes responsible for pimelate moiety synthesis vary widely among bacteria whereas the ring synthesis genes are highly conserved. Bacillus subtilis seems to have redundant genes, bioI and bioW, for generation of the pimelate intermediate. Largely consistent with previous genetic studies it was found that deletion of bioW caused a biotin auxotrophic phenotype whereas deletion of bioI did not. BioW is a pimeloyl-CoA synthetase that converts pimelic acid to pimeloyl-CoA. The essentiality of BioW for biotin synthesis indicates that the free form of pimelic acid is an intermediate in biotin synthesis although this is not the case in E. coli. Since the origin of pimelic acid in Bacillus subtilis is unknown, <sup>13</sup> C-NMR studies were carried out to decipher the pathway for its generation. The data provided evidence for the role of free pimelate in biotin synthesis and the involvement of fatty acid synthesis in pimelate production. Cerulenin, an inhibitor of the key fatty acid elongation enzyme, FabF, markedly decreased biotin production by B. subtilis resting cells whereas a strain having a cerulenin-resistant FabF mutant produced more biotin. In addition, supplementation with pimelic acid fully restored biotin production in cerulenin-treated cells. These results indicate that pimelic acid originating from fatty acid synthesis pathway is a bona fide precursor of biotin in B. subtilis.
Compressing recurrent neural network with tensor train (2017)

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) are a popular choice for modeling temporal and sequential tasks and achieve many state-of-the-art performance on various complex problems. However, most of the state-of-the-art RNNs have millions of parameters and require many computational resources for training and predicting new data. This paper proposes an alternative RNN model to reduce the number of parameters significantly by representing the weight parameters based on Tensor Train (TT) format. In this paper, we implement the TT-format representation for several RNN architectures such as simple RNN and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). We compare and evaluate our proposed RNN model with uncompressed RNN model on sequence classification and sequence prediction tasks. Our proposed RNNs with TT-format are able to preserve the performance while reducing the number of RNN parameters significantly up to 40 times smaller.
Lower-Pole Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous Renal Access: Which Calix Is Posterior? (2009)

For percutaneous lower-pole renal access, the most medial calix on coronal CT imaging and therefore retrograde opacification using fluoroscopy is almost always anterior facing and is the most anterior positioned in the majority of kidneys. Percutaneous lower-pole puncture should be directed at the more lateral calices because their posterior position and orientation provides optimal access to the collecting system for most cases. This anatomic understanding is critical for successful percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of frontoethmoidal mucocele complicated with orbital abscess: a case report. (1997)

Mucoceles may develop after several decades following sinus surgery. They can progressively expand over many years and destroy the surrounding bones, which may result in severe complications such as orbital infection or intracranial lesions. A 68-year-old woman was hospitalized with the chief complaints of exacerbated right orbital swelling and progressive visual loss for one week in May 1995. Under the impression of the right frontoethmoidal mucocele complicated with orbital abscess, she underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for marsupialization and wide drainage of the mucocele. The symptoms subsided one week post-operatively without ophthalmological sequelae. There has been no recurrence one-year post-operatively. Endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment for frontoethmoidal mucocele.
First ISNS Reference Preparation for Neonatal Screening for thyrotropin, phenylalanine and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone in blood spots (2007)

The 1st ISNS-RPNS for TSH, phenylalanine and 17OHP can be said to be suitable as formal reference preparation and as a source for (re)calibrating kit calibrators.
Integrated numeric and symbolic signal processing using a heterogeneous design environment (1996)

We present a solution to a complex multi-tone transient detection problem to illustrate the integrated use of symbolic and numeric processing techniques which are supported by well-established underlying models. Examples of such models include synchronous dataflow for numeric processing and the blackboard paradigm for symbolic heuristic search. Our transient detection solution serves to emphasize the importance of developing system design methods and tools which can support the integrated use of well- established symbolic and numerical models of computation. Recently, we incorporated a blackboard-based model of computation underlying the Integrated Processing and Understanding of Signals (IPUS) paradigm into a system-level design environment for numeric processing called Ptolemy. Using the IPUS/Ptolemy environment, we are implementing our solution to the multi-tone transient detection problem.
Horseradish peroxidase-mediated gene therapy: choice of prodrugs in oxic and anoxic tumor conditions. (2001)

We have previously proposed the plant enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as an enzyme/prodrug combination for cancer gene therapy. In the current study, we evaluated the potential of HRP/IAA for gene-directed enzyme/prodrug therapy in three human tumor cell lines (T24 bladder carcinoma, MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma, and FaDu nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma) and one endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). The action of 10 IAA analogues in combination with HRP was studied in vitro in normoxic conditions as well as in the extreme tumor conditions of anoxia. Compounds characterized by prompt normoxic or anoxic cytotoxic activation and high HRP transfectant killing or selectivity were identified. Some variations were observed in the response of cells of different origin, with IAA, 1-Me-IAA, and 5-Br-IAA representing the most promising candidates for HRP gene therapy. In particular, 5-Br-IAA showed a very prompt and selective activation in anoxia. A strong bystander effect was produced by activated IAA and analogues because 70-90% cell kill was obtained when only 5% of the cells expressed the HRP enzyme. These results indicate that HRP/IAA represents an effective system for enzyme/prodrug-based anticancer approaches, and further improvements could be achieved by the use of novel IAA derivatives.
Antibody‐dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and <i>in vivo</i> implications (2003)

Besides the common receptor/coreceptor-dependent mechanism of cellular attachment, some viruses rely on antiviral antibodies for their efficient entry into target cells. This mechanism, known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infection, depends on the cross-linking of complexes of virus-antibody or virus-activated complement components through interaction with cellular molecules such as Fc receptors or complement receptors, leading to enhanced infection of susceptible cells. Recent studies have suggested that additional mechanisms underlie ADE: involvement of complement component C1q and its receptor (Ebola virus), antibody-mediated modulation of the interaction between viral protein and its coreceptor (human immunodeficiency virus) and suppression of cellular antiviral genes by the replication of viruses entering cells via ADE (Ross River virus). Since ADE is exploited by a variety of viruses and has been associated with disease exacerbation, it may have broad relevance to the pathogenesis of viral infection and antiviral strategies.
St. Vincent de Paul in America (1941)

St. Vincent de Paul in America Get access Frederic Connett White Frederic Connett White Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 180, Issue 17, 26 April 1941, Page 302, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/180.17.302a Published: 26 April 1941
Effect of Ionic Liquids on Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Viability, Behavior, and Histology; Correlation between Toxicity and Ionic Liquid Aggregation (2016)

The effect of 11 common amidinium, imidazolium, and phosphonium based ionic liquids (ILs) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) was investigated with specific emphasis on the effect of anion and cation chain length and aggregation of phosphonium based ILs. Viability and behavioral alteration in the locomotor activity and place preference, after IL treatment of 5 days postfertilization larvae, was recorded. Behavior and histological damage evaluation was performed for adult fish in order to get insight into the long-term effects of two potential biomass-dissolving ILs, [DBNH][OAc] and [P4441][OAc]. To get an understanding of how IL aggregation is linked to the toxicity of ILs, median effective concentrations (EC50) and critical micelle concentrations (CMC) were determined. The long-chain ILs were significantly more toxic than the short-chain ones, and the anion chain length was shown to be less significant than the cation chain length when assessing the impact of ILs on the viability of the organisms. Furthermore, most of the ILs were as monomers when the EC50 was reached. In addition, the ILs used in the long-term tests showed no significant effect on the zebrafish behavior, breeding, or histology, within the used concentration range.
Production of a novel influenza vaccine using insect cells: protection against drifted strains (2007)

A recombinant trivalent hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine produced in cell culture using the baculovirus expression system provides an attractive alternative to the current egg-based influenza vaccine (Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine [TIV]) manufacturing process. The HA genes from the annual World Health Organization-recommended strains are cloned, expressed, and purified using a general purification process. Here, we provide an overview of the expression technology used to make the annual adjustment of the vaccine and the clinical studies completed to date with recombinant HA. The highly purified protein vaccine, administered at three times higher antigen content than TIV, results in stronger immunogenicity, a long-lasting immune response and provides cross-protection against drift variant influenza viruses. Furthermore, the vaccine does not contain egg proteins, adjuvants, preservatives, endotoxins, or antibiotics and can therefore be used in a broader population.
Transverse tensile strength of unidirectional fibre-reinforced polymers and self-healing of interfacial debonding (2006)

AbstractAbstractA study of the healing of interfacial debonding in fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs) was performed. In the composite, a microencapsulated healing agent and a solid chemical catalyst are dispersed within the coating layer on the surface of the fibres. Healing is triggered by crack propagation through the microcapsules, which then release the healing agent into the crack plane. Subsequent exposure of the healing agent to the chemical catalyst initiates polymerisation and bonding of the crack faces. Self-healing is demonstrated on flat tensile specimens of neat epoxy (no fibres) and unidirectional FRPs. The ratio of tensile strengths of the virgin and healed materials is used to quantitatively measure crack healing.Keywords: TENSION TESTSCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPYPOLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITESINTERFACE STRUCTUREREPAIR
Outward currents in longitudinal colonic muscle cells contribute to spiking electrical behavior (1992)

Electrical events in longitudinal and circular muscles of the colon are different. Longitudinal muscles generate action potentials superimposed upon small depolarizations termed myenteric potential oscillations and circular muscles generate slow wave events that persist for several seconds. Differences between circular and longitudinal muscles may be related to the potassium channels these cells express. We have studied Ca(2+)-dependent and voltage-dependent K currents of isolated longitudinal cells with the whole cell patch-clamp technique. Test depolarizations positive to -40 mV yielded a transient inward current followed by a large sustained outward current. Blockade of the inward Ca2+ current reduced the amplitude of the outward current. Outward current was also reduced by tetraethylammonium (TEA; 1 mM), suggesting that a component of the outward current is Ca2+ dependent. After blockade of the Ca(2+)-dependent outward current, a voltage- and time-dependent component of outward current remained. The activation and inactivation properties and sensitivity to TEA and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) were characterized. The voltage-dependent outward current in longitudinal cells had different properties than the voltage-dependent K currents in circular muscle cells (i.e., more negative inactivation, less sensitivity to 4-AP). TEA (1-5 mM) increased the amplitude and frequency of action potentials in intact longitudinal muscles; 4-AP (1 mM) had little effect on electrical activity of longitudinal muscles. The data suggest that differences in electrical behavior of the 2 muscle layers may be related to the expression of different species of K channels.
Development and Test of a Catalytic Combustor for an Automotive Gas Turbine (1998)

A catalytic combustor was designed and tested for a small recuperated gas turbine engine for use in a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Combustor rig and engine tests were performed with DF-2 diesel fuel, kerosene, and automotive gasoline. Rig test steady-state emissions were measured over the full engine operating range. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were insensitive to operating condition, and were almost strictly a function of fuel nitrogen content. For low-nitrogen kerosene, NOx emissions less than 1 ppm(vol) (at 15 percent O2) were demonstrated. Startup emissions were measured for conditions modeling engine spoolup from ignition to full speed. Laboratory engine tests on DF-2 over a range of speeds and loads demonstrated tailpipe emissions less than 10 ppm(vol) NOx and less than 1 ppm(vol) unburned hydrocarbons (HC). NOx, HC, and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were less than the California State Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle (ULEV) standards for steady-state operation, corrected for assumed vehicle load and fuel consumption rate.
A molecular dynamics study of lead-bismuth-silicate glasses (2001)

We present the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the structure of ternary lead-bismuth-silicate glasses of compositions xPbO(0.3-x)Bi/sub 1.5/0.7SiO/sub 2/, x=0.06, 0.15, 0.24, and their totally reduced forms, i.e. xPb(0.3-x)Bi0.7SiO/sub 2/, x=0.06, 0.15, 0.24 systems. The simulations have been performed in the microcanonical (NVE) ensemble, using two-body interaction potentials. The results can be summarized as follows. With increasing PbO content in unreduced xPbO(0.3-x)Bi/sub 1.5/0.7SiO/sub 2/ glasses, the Pb-O and Bi-O first pair distribution function (PDF) peaks become sharper, and the fraction of strained 2 and 3 member Si-O-Si-O- rings decreases significantly. In the case of reduced xPb(0.3-x)Bi0.7SiO/sub 2/ glasses, similarly as in reduced binary lead-silicate and bismuth-silicate glasses, a strong tendency to agglomeration of neutral atoms occurs. The metallic phase is composed of Pb-Bi alloy. The agglomeration tendency increases with increasing Pb content.
Alcohol and Oxidative Liver Injury (2006)

Acute and chronic ethanol treatment has been shown to increase the production of reactive oxygen species, lower cellular antioxidant levels, and enhance oxidative stress in many tissues, especially the liver. Ethanol-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in the mechanisms by which ethanol produces liver injury. Many pathways play a key role in how ethanol induces oxidative stress. This review summarizes some of the leading pathways and discusses the evidence for their contribution to alcohol-induced liver injury. Many of the seminal reports in this topic have been published in Hepatology , and it is fitting to review this research area for the 25th Anniversary Issue of the Journal.
Rifamycin Antibiotics: Inhibitors of Rauscher Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase and of Purified DNA Polymerases From Human Normal and Leukemic Lymphoblasts (1972)

The 201 rifamycin derivatives tested were classified into 8 groups according to common structural features and screened for inhibitory activity against human lymphocyte and murine leukemia virus DNA polymerases. On the basis of potency and selectivity, 10 compounds were selected for more detailed study with viral “reverse transcriptase” and normal and leukemic lymphocyte DNA pelymeroses I and II. Under all conditions tested, 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazonomethyl) rifamycin SV (144–126) and 3-piperazinoiminomethyl rifamycin SV (N-demethyl rifampicin) (143–416) had greater inhibitory effect against the viral polymerase than either normal cellular polymerase and preferentially inhibited leukemic polymerase II over normal polymerase II, though inhibition was not as great as with the viral enzyme. Several agents are potent inhibitors of both viral and cellular DNA polymerases, and some of these compounds consequently are of interest as antiviral and/or potential antileukemic agents.
Application of Local Differential Privacy to Collection of Indoor Positioning Data (2018)

Big data, which is being explosively generated in various areas, is considered as a new growth engine for diverse industries. In recent years, analysis of big data has attracted attention because it exhibits the potential to generate high value. In addition, with the advent of the IoT era, wherein each object is connected to all the others in a system, the importance of big data is likely to continue to be emphasized, due to the availability of data generated from diverse devices. With the increasing importance of indoor space in which most city dwellers spend over 80% of daily life, big data containing users' indoor positioning information is a critical asset for understanding the indoor behavior pattern of users, such as the shopping behavior pattern of customers in a large department store. However, there is also a risk of leakage of personal information, because it is feasible to infer the users' sensitive information by tracking and analyzing the users' indoor positions. Local differential privacy (LDP) is the state-of-the-art approach that is used to protect individual privacy in the process of data collection. LDP ensures that the privacy of the data contributor is protected by perturbing her/his original data at the data contributor's side; thus, the data collector cannot access the original data, but is still able to obtain population statistics. This paper focuses on the application of LDP to the collection of indoor positioning data. In particular, we experimentally evaluated the utilization of indoor positioning big data collected by leveraging LDP for estimating the density of the specified indoor area. Experimental results with both synthetic and actual data sets demonstrate that LDP is well applicable to the collection of indoor positioning data for the purpose of inferring population statistics.
BIOELECTRIC CONTROL OF PROSTHESES (1966)

Externally powered prostheses have been studied for many years, to provide more effective rehabilitation of amputees. To take advantage of the benefits offered by external power in prostheses, however, the mode of control of the prosthesis by the amputee must be improved. Conventional control methods require a high degree of mental concentration by the amputee on his prosthesis, because of at least two important factors: (i) the mode of control of a prosthesis motion is different from control of the corresponding normal action; (ii) there is no feedback of sensation from the prosthesis to the patient except through the visual sense. The present system utilizes surface electromyographic (emg) signals from the biceps and triceps of an amputee's arm to provide graded control of an elbow prosthesis. Included as an intermediate step is the control of a simulated forearm in a digital computer, in real time. At present, the signal processing consists of full-wave rectification and lowpass filtering of the emg signals from biceps and triceps muscles; mechanical elbow prothesis can now be voluntarily controlled through the subject's emg signals. The performance of the system and indications for future work are outlined. Foremost is the need for feedback to the patient of position information from the prosthesis, outside of the visual sense. A possible method for accomplishing this in an inherently normal manner is suggested. The use of nerve signals as the control signal for a prosthesis offers potential advantages over the use of the emg signal; the practical problems in observing nerve signals, combined with lack of information on how to interpret them, makes this approach infeasible now.
Deep Autoencoder Based CSI Feedback With Feedback Errors and Feedback Delay in FDD Massive MIMO Systems (2019)

In this letter, we study the channel state information (CSI) feedback based on the deep autoencoder (AE) considering the feedback errors and feedback delay in the frequency division duplex massive multiple-input multiple-output system. We construct the deep AE by modeling the CSI feedback process, which involves feedback transmission errors and delays. The deep AE is trained by setting the delayed version of the downlink channel as the desired output. The proposed scheme reduces the impact of the feedback errors and feedback delay. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves better performance than other comparable schemes.
Progress in research on correlation between dampness disease and aquaporin (2011)

Pathogenic dampness can cause many diseases, and that is why traditional Chinese medicine pays close attention to pathogenic dampness. In recent years many researches discovered that dampness diseases and aquaporin have close correlation. By analyzing the progress in research on correlation between dampness diseases and aquaporin, it is discovered that aquaporin has close correlation with urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system and central nervous system. Normal expression of aquaporin may be the molecular biological basis of dispelling dampness, while abnormal expression may be one of the main causes for dampness diseases. Studying the correlation between dampness diseases and aquaporin has quite important significance in understanding mechanism of dampness diseases and formulating treatment protocols.