gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Drug-induced torsade de pointes. (1986)

Three patients who developed torsade de pointes associated with antiarrhythmic or psychotropic drugs are described, and the electrocardiographic characteristics, clinical presentation, predisposing factors, and management of this form of ventricular tachycardia are reviewed. The first patient was a 56-year-old schizophrenic man receiving thioridazine hydrochloride, trifluoperazine hydrochloride, and benztropine mesylate who was admitted to a hospital after a syncopal episode. Subsequently, the patient experienced several episodes of ventricular tachycardia combined with multifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and torsade de pointes; the arrhythmias were attributed to antipsychotic therapy. The second patient was a 69-year-old man who experienced ventricular tachycardia that progressed to ventricular fibrillation 41 days after surgery. Quinidine sulfate probably induced the ventricular tachycardia, which was identified as torsade de pointes. The third patient was a 71-year-old man admitted to the hospital for treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Previous drug therapy with quinidine sulfate and procainamide hydrochloride had been associated with torsade de pointes. Despite unsuccessful treatment of ventricular ectopy, the patient was discharged on maintenance therapy with pindolol, topical nitrates, and phenytoin. No additional episodes of torsade de pointes have been observed. Torsade de pointes is characterized by polymorphous electrocardiographic appearance and delayed repolarization (prolonged QT interval). It may occur in association with a number of disease states and also as a complication of treatment with therapeutic doses of drugs that affect repolarization (quinidine, disopyramide, procainamide, and phenothiazines). Clinical outcomes range from asymptomatic, self-terminating arrhythmias to ventricular fibrillation resulting in cardiac arrest. The definitive emergency therapy for torsade de pointes is overdrive pacing; cautious isoproterenol administration can also be used. Lidocaine and bretylium are often ineffective in treating this form of ventricular tachycardia. Potassium and magnesium repletion appear to be essential in abolishing drug-induced torsade de pointes. Drug-induced torsade de pointes is best prevented by avoiding agents known to induce arrhythmias in patients with a pre-existing prolonged QT interval. Periodic serum electrolyte assessment is warranted, and new drugs that prolong the QT interval should be considered potential causative agents of torsade de pointes.
Nonanthracycline Containing Docetaxel-Based Combinations in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2001)

Many active nonanthracycline-containing regimens are emerging from clinical trials and may offer the option of treating metastatic breast cancer without resorting to doxorubicin or analogues. When used first-line in metastatic breast cancer, both cisplatin and carboplatin are active agents and hence candidates for combination therapy. In a dose-finding study in patients with no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease, docetaxel administered together with cisplatin produced a promising response rate (RR) of 60% (73% in patients without prior adjuvant chemotherapy). The combination is feasible, although adequate hydration and antiemetic medication must be given. There is also an early indication that it may be possible to dramatically cytoreduce disease in patients with locally advanced breast cancer who are treated with docetaxel plus cisplatin. Given its lower toxicity, carboplatin may also have a role in combination with the taxanes. Of the nonplatinum agents, vinorelbine appears to hold promise; its combination with docetaxel produced an RR of 59% in a group of anthracycline-pretreated patients with progressive disease. Forty-two percent of the patients studied also had prior exposure to a taxane. Weekly gemcitabine plus monthly docetaxel is feasible and active, as is the combination of docetaxel q 3 weeks with daily oral capecitabine.
Ocular implants for the blind (1996)

Now in early development, an ultra-thin array of electrodes, powered by a laser and placed directly on surviving neurons of the retina, could provide usable percepts of light for the visually impaired.
A New In Vitro Bioassay System for the Discovery and Quantitative Evaluation of Mosquito Repellents (2017)

Mosquitoes vector many pathogens that cause human diseases. Repellents play a significant role in reducing the risk of these diseases by preventing mosquito bites. In this paper, we are reporting an Ali and Khan (A & K), large cage in vitro bioassay system that can effectively be used to measure repellency of compounds against mosquitoes. The system uses temperature as a landing and feeding stimulus, and collagen as a feeding substrate. The minimum effective dose (MED) of DEET (N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide; 19.3 µg/cm2) against Aedes aegypti (L.) in a 30-cm2 treatment area from the A & K bioassay falls in the upper range of the in vivo, cloth patch bioassay (6-23 µg/cm2). Undecanoic acid and geranic acid, with MED values of 3.6 and 7.5 µg/cm2, respectively, in the A & K bioassay were active at 5.5-6.6 times lower dose than that in the in vivo bioassay. Thymol and methyl eugenol with MED values of 11.1 and 10.9 µg/cm2, respectively, were active at 3-4 times lower dose than that in the in vivo bioassay, whereas (-)-trans-p-Menthane-3,8 diol with MED value of 32.3 µg/cm2 was active at 1.3 times lower dose. Comparisons between 12-cm2 and 30-cm2 treatment areas, with similar concentration per unit area in the A & K bioassay, indicated that the MED values at 30 cm2 were 1-2 times higher. In addition to its use to identify the repellent properties of new products, the A & K bioassay can generate useful data on promising repellents to make in vivo testing and field evaluation decisions.
Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Phosphine-Containing Amino Acids (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPalladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Phosphine-Containing Amino AcidsScott R. Gilbertson and Gale W. StarkeyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Campus Box 1134, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 9, 2922–2923Publication Date (Web):May 3, 1996Publication History Received12 January 1996Revised22 February 1996Published online3 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960077zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960077zrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1058Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical reactions,Group 15 compounds,Ligands,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Electric field tuning characteristics of a ferrite-piezoelectric microwave resonator (2006)

The fabrication and characterization of an electric field-tunable yttrium iron garnet (YIG)-lead zirconate titanate (PZT) microwave resonator are discussed. The device is based on ferromagnetic resonance for YIG. The tunability is accomplished through magnetoelectric interactions. For an electric field E=10kV∕cm across PZT, a frequency shift of 18–25MHz that was an order of magnitude higher the frequency width of the absorption profile for the resonator was measured. Upon reversal of the direction of E, the shift also reversed. The YIG-PZT bilayer structures could form the basis for rapid, electric field tunable, passive microwave resonators and filters.
SOME THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE RELATION OF SURFACE ELECTRIC FIELD OBSERVATIONS TO CLOUD CHARGE DISTRIBUTIONS (1957)

A study of analytic solutions to sets of equations describing surface electric fields in terms of point charge distributions indicates certain conditions concerning the values of electric field in relation to the coordinates of the measurement sites that must be satisfied if real solutions to the simultaneous equations are to be achieved. A new representation of the surface electric field in terms of cloud monopole and dipole moments is given. Methods of calculating these moments from observed field disturbances and radar measurements of the cloud position and motion are developed. An example of the technique is applied to a winter convective shower situation measured in central Illinois.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces disease flare in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. (2004)

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhuG-CSF) is frequently given to patients with leukopenia or neutropenia caused by various underlying diseases. The treatment with rhuG-CSF is apparently safe, although cutaneous vasculitis and flares in patients with autoimmune diseases are described. We describe 2 patients with histologically proven antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis with disease flares after administration of rhuG-CSF, given to improve collection of stem cells prior to autologous stem cell transplantation.
A Material Structural Performance Index for Strain Based Deloyable Trusses (2004)

Several deployable structure architectures employ distributed material strain as a means for compact packaging. These structures require materials with a specific combination of high modulus for deployed strength and stiffness, high strain limit for packaging and low density. The specific combination of these often contradictory properties that yields the most mass efficient structure is not obvious. In this paper, a simple material performance index is derived for the mass efficiency of strain based deployable trusses. Materials with the highest value for the index allow the lightest weight trusses meeting a deployed bending strength requirement. High strength graphite fiber reinforced plastic material systems are shown to score the highest of traditional materials. Their scores are nearly doubled if higher strains are considered feasible through a rigidizable matrix material. Ultra high modulus carbon fibers, which typically strain only 0.2%, have great potential if they can be made to accommodate larger strains through use with a rigidizable matrix material. The performance index is shown to be insensitive to truss element straightness imperfections.
Silicon Photonics (2008)

With the goal of developing photonic components that are factory-compatible with silicon microelectronic integrated circuits and optical integrated circuits, silicon photonics has been the subject of intense research activity in both industry and academia. Silicon is an excellent material for confining and manipulating light at the submicrometer scale, and possesses the added advantage of leveraging the enormous manufacturing infrastructure developed by the silicon microelectronics industry. Silicon optoelectronic integrated devices have the potential to be miniaturized and mass-produced at affordable cost for many applications and markets, including telecommunications, optical interconnects, medical screening, and biological and chemical sensing. Recent developments in diverse areas, such as light sources, modulators, switches, detectors, photonic crystals, waveguide structures, resonators, sensors, and various subsystems, indicate that Si photonics is an extremely active, and now, firmly established research field. The aim of this special issue is to document some of the remarkable recent progress in silicon photonics from academic and industrial viewpoints and thereby point to future trends in this rapidly evolving field. All the articles in this issue are invited review or invited research papers by leading authorities and research groups in this field from universities, industry and government laboratories.
Spectral Characterization and Analysis of Avalanche in Cryptographic Substitution Boxes using WalshHadamard Transformations (2011)

This paper presents a novel analytical technique of examining the avalanche characteristics of cryptographic substitution boxes (s-boxes) using the Walsh Hadamard spectral analysis of their Boolean maps. Avalanche is a desirable cryptographic property that is necessary to ensure that a cipher is not susceptible to statistical attacks and small difference between two plaintexts results in a significant random difference between the two corresponding ciphertexts. An analytical model of avalanche characteristics based on spectral analysis is developed which allows us to determine the degree of avalanche achievable in an m n s-box. Analytical results are finally used to investigate the avalanche characteristics of the AES s-box.
SmartWare: framework for autonomic application services (2008)

The combination of mobile and embedded computing devices holds potential for a novel landscape of application and services in the direct surrounding of the user. The realization of such a landscape requires solutions to cope with the volatile nature of the environment composition, the absence of central management infrastructure, and the heterogeneity of resources. To unburden developers of application services from searching these solutions themselves, we started developing a generic software framework called SmartWare. SmartWare is a collection of principles and tools that are intended to simplify and accelerate the development of application services at the edge of the Internet and beyond. In this paper we describe the features of SmartWare, a prototype implementation and a test application we realized with the framework prototype.
Communication facilities for distributed transaction-processing systems (1991)

The study of communication designs in the context of the Raid system, a robust and adaptable distributed database system for transaction processing, is discussed. Related research work on local interprocess communication, remote interprocess communication, and communication protocols for both local area and wide area networks is briefly summarized. A series of experiments on the performance of the facilities available for building the Raid communication software is described. Raid's communication software, called Raidcomm, has evolved as a result of the knowledge gained both from other systems and from the authors' experiments. Several communication services and mechanisms that can be used to make Raid efficient are identified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, RAD6, affects the distribution of Ty1 retrotransposon integration positions. (1993)

A galactose-inducible Ty1 element was used to generate 59 independent Ty1 inserts that inactivate the CAN1 gene. As found in previous studies, the distribution of these elements shows a gradient of insertion frequency from highest to lowest between the 5' and 3' ends of the gene. However, 53 independent Ty1 and Ty2 insertions isolated by an identical procedure in an isogenic rad6 deletion strain do not show this bias. In this strain, the Ty elements insert randomly throughout CAN1. These results show that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, RAD6, alters the integration site preferences of Ty1 retrotransposons.
<i>P</i>ρ<i>T</i> Behavior of Several Chemicals from Biomass (2011)

Densities of levulinic acid, ethyl levulinate, butyl levulinate, furfural, and furfuryl alcohol have been measured using a high-pressure, high-temperature vibrating tube densimeter system over a temperature range from 283.15 to 338.15 K and a pressure range from 0.1 to 60.0 MPa. In the case of levulinic acid, the temperature range was from 308.15 to 338.15 K. The experimental densities have been satisfactorily correlated with the temperature and pressure using the TRIDEN equation. Finally, from the measured densities, some thermodynamic properties, isobaric thermal expansion and isothermal compressibility, have been calculated.
Security Services for Multimedia Conferencing (1993)

Multimedia conferencing is the use of mixed media such as real-time audio, video, and groupware for group tele-collaboration. Multimedia conferencing may well become as widespread an application on network computers as electronic mail. The demand for security in multimedia conferencing is high because the users&apos; expectation of being monitored is high. In this paper we discuss security services for protecting multimedia conferencing, how well these services scale to large conferences, and what security infrastructure is needed. 1. Introduction Electronic mail is perhaps the most popular application on networked computers. Several standards for secure electronic mail have evolved, including the Internet&apos;s Privacy-enhanced Electronic Mail [L93] and the U.S. government&apos;s Pre-Message Security Protocol [B93]. With the exception of electronic mail systems running on private networks protected by link encryption, secure electronic mail has been slow to mature. The slow growth is partially at...
Cocoon silk chemistry of non-cyclostome Braconidae, with remarks on phylogenetic relationships within the Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (2004)

AbstractBulk amino acid composition was determined for cocoon silks for 54 species of non-cyclostome braconid wasps collectively representing 14 subfamilies. Little intraspecific variation was encountered either between conspecific individuals of differing origin or between physically different silk layers within a single cocoon. Variation within subfamilies was small except in the Microgastrinae. Most taxa, excluding most microgastrines, had silk of a fairly typical fibroin type with high relative abundances of alanine, serine or glycine (of which either alanine or serine was the most abundant) and usually with moderately low molar concentrations of presumed acidic residues (aspartate/asparagine (As(x)) and glutamate/glutamine (Gl(x))) which ranged from approximately 2% up to nearly 30% (in Helconinae and Blacinae). In the Microgastrinae, members of the genus Microplitis (four species) were similar to the other non-cyclostome subfamilies in having 14.3–26.1 molar % As(x), but the other 10 microgastrine genera investigated produced silks with As(x) the most abundant detected residue comprising 32.4–50.5 molar % while glycine represented less than 10% of residues, indicating an α-helical silk. These data are discussed in the light of some recent independent phylogenetic studies on the Microgastrinae that also suggest a basal position for Microplitis within the subfamily, despite its apparently highly specialized biology.Keywords: Cocoonssilk compositionBraconidaephylogenyMicrogastrinaeMicroplitis AcknowledgementsThis work was funded by a Royal Society small project grant to D.L.J.Q. and by the NERC Initiative in Taxonomy.Notes1Present address: UNIFESP-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departmento de Bioquìmica, INFAR -5 andar, Rua Trís de Maio, 100 Vila Clementino, CEP 04044-020, Sao Paulo, Brazil.Additional informationNotes on contributorsMasayoshi Takahashi1Present address: UNIFESP-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departmento de Bioquìmica, INFAR -5 andar, Rua Trís de Maio, 100 Vila Clementino, CEP 04044-020, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Mutants of <i>Streptomyces clavuligerus</i> with Disruptions in Different Genes for Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis Produce Large Amounts of Holomycin: Possible Cross-Regulation of Two Unrelated Secondary Metabolic Pathways (2002)

A Streptomyces clavuligerus ccaR::aph strain, which has a disruption in the regulatory gene ccaR, does not produce cephamycin C or clavulanic acid, but does produce a bioactive compound that was identified as holomycin by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and infrared and mass spectrometry. S. clavuligerus strains with disruptions in different genes of the clavulanic acid pathway fall into three groups with respect to holomycin biosynthesis. (i) Mutants with mutations in the early steps of the pathway blocked in the gene ceaS (pyc) (encoding carboxyethylarginine synthase), bls (encoding a beta-lactam synthetase), or open reading frame 6 (ORF6; coding for an acetyltransferase of unknown function) are holomycin nonproducers. (ii) Mutants blocked in the regulatory gene ccaR or claR or blocked in the last gene of the pathway encoding clavulanic acid reductase (car) produce holomycin at higher levels than the wild-type strain. (iii) Mutants with disruption in cyp (coding for cytochrome P450), ORF12, and ORF15, genes that appear to be involved in the conversion of clavaminic acid into clavaldehyde or in secretion steps, produce up to 250-fold as much holomycin as the wild-type strain. An assay for holomycin synthetase was developed. This enzyme forms holomycin from holothin by using acetyl coenzyme A as an acetyl group donor. The holomycin synthase activities in the different clavulanic acid mutants correlate well with their production of holomycin.
Oxocyclopentenol syntheses (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxocyclopentenol synthesesErnest Wenkert, Richard S. Greenberg, and Muppala S. RajuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 24, 4681–4685Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00224a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views514Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (764 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts