gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Sentence Compression Based Framework to Query-Focused Multi-Document\n Summarization (2016)

We consider the problem of using sentence compression techniques to\nfacilitate query-focused multi-document summarization. We present a\nsentence-compression-based framework for the task, and design a series of\nlearning-based compression models built on parse trees. An innovative beam\nsearch decoder is proposed to efficiently find highly probable compressions.\nUnder this framework, we show how to integrate various indicative metrics such\nas linguistic motivation and query relevance into the compression process by\nderiving a novel formulation of a compression scoring function. Our best model\nachieves statistically significant improvement over the state-of-the-art\nsystems on several metrics (e.g. 8.0% and 5.4% improvements in ROUGE-2\nrespectively) for the DUC 2006 and 2007 summarization task.\n
Alattin: Mining Alternative Patterns for Detecting Neglected Conditions (2009)

To improve software quality, static or dynamic verification tools accept programming rules as input and detect their violations in software as defects. As these programming rules are often not well documented in practice, previous work developed various approaches that mine programming rules as frequent patterns from program source code. Then these approaches use static defect-detection techniques to detect pattern violations in source code under analysis. These existing approaches often produce many false positives due to various factors. To reduce false positives produced by these mining approaches, we develop a novel approach, called Alattin, that includes a new mining algorithm and a technique for detecting neglected conditions based on our mining algorithm. Our new mining algorithm mines alternative patterns in example form "P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> or P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ", where P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> are alternative rules such as condition checks on method arguments or return values related to the same API method. We conduct two evaluations to show the effectiveness of our Alattin approach. Our evaluation results show that (1) alternative patterns reach more than 40% of all mined patterns for APIs provided by six open source libraries; (2) the mining of alternative patterns helps reduce nearly 28% of false positives among detected violations.
A radionuclide method of evaluating shunt function and CSF circulation in hydrocephalus (1984)

A simple technique for the evaluation of shunt function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation in hydrocephalic patients is described. The method utilizes clearance rates of a radionuclide tracer injected into the lateral ventricle via an indwelling frontal catheter which is separate from the shunt apparatus. This permits an accurate assessment of drainage of ventricular CSF via the shunt, or the patency of normal or alternative CSF pathways where the shunt is malfunctioning.
Physics-driven structured cosparse modeling for source localization (2012)

Cosparse modeling is a recent alternative to sparse modeling, where the notion of dictionary is replaced by that of an analysis operator. When a known analysis operator is well adapted to describe the signals of interest, the model and associated algorithms can be used to solve inverse problems. Here we show how to derive an operator to model certain classes of signals that satisfy physical laws, such as the heat equation or the wave equation. We illustrate the approach on an acoustic inverse problem with a toy model of wave propagation and discuss its potential extensions and the challenges it raises.
Use of Plasma Pharmacokinetics to Predict and Prevent Methotrexate Toxicity (1977)

To correlate the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of methotrexate, we measured the drug's clearance from plasma after 395 high-dose, six-hour infusions given to 78 patients. After 375 infusions, 48 hour methotrexate levels fell within 2 standard deviations of the mean for nontoxic infusions, and myelosuppression did not occur. Methotrexate concentrations exceeded the range for nontoxic patients (mean +/- 2 standard deviations) after 20 infusions. Serious myelosuppression occurred after six of these 20 infusions, including five of 12 infusions associated with 48-hour drug concentrations above 9 X 10(-7) M. In seven patients with 48-hour concentrations above 9 X 10(-7) M, the absence of toxicity could be attributed to subsequent rapid clearance of the drug; four of these patients also received large doses of supplemental leucovorin (50 to 100 mg per square meter every six hours). Determination of methotrexate concentration in plasma thus identified patients at high risk of toxicity, a group that may benefit from supplemental leucovorin rescue.
Second harmonic generation in InGaAsP waveguides at 1.3 μm wavelength (1992)

We report the first surface emission of red light from an InGaAs waveguide, generated by the nonlinear mixing of two counterpropagating guided waves at wavelengths around 1.3 μm. A nine layer InGaAsP/InP heterostructure was grown by low pressure MOCVD on 〈100〉 InP substrate. All layers were n-doped with silicon to a level of 1.0×1017 cm−3. The structures functioned in both planar as well as ridge waveguide configurations. Measurements were performed with both a YAG laser and a semiconductor laser in the pulsed as well as the cw regime and were compared with theoretical calculations, used in the design of the structure. Red light was detected even in a single slab InGaAsP waveguide with a cw semiconductor laser diode.
A <i>Selaginella lepidophylla</i>Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Complements Growth and Stress-Tolerance Defects in a Yeast<i>tps1</i>Mutant1 (1999)

The accumulation of the disaccharide trehalose in anhydrobiotic organisms allows them to survive severe environmental stress. A plant cDNA, SlTPS1, encoding a 109-kD protein, was isolated from the resurrection plant Selaginella lepidophylla, which accumulates high levels of trehalose. Protein-sequence comparison showed that SlTPS1 shares high similarity to trehalose-6-phosphate synthase genes from prokaryotes and eukaryotes. SlTPS1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in S. lepidophylla. DNA gel-blot analysis indicated that SlTPS1 is present as a single-copy gene. Transformation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae tps1Delta mutant disrupted in the ScTPS1 gene with S. lepidophylla SlTPS1 restored growth on fermentable sugars and the synthesis of trehalose at high levels. Moreover, the SlTPS1 gene introduced into the tps1Delta mutant was able to complement both deficiencies: sensitivity to sublethal heat treatment at 39 degrees C and induced thermotolerance at 50 degrees C. The osmosensitive phenotype of the yeast tps1Delta mutant grown in NaCl and sorbitol was also restored by the SlTPS1 gene. Thus, SlTPS1 protein is a functional plant homolog capable of sustaining trehalose biosynthesis and could play a major role in stress tolerance in S. lepidophylla.
Mass-market requirements for indoor positioning and indoor navigation (2010)

The next step in location services will be repeating the success of location services in outdoor use for navigation and local search in the indoor environment. In order to make indoor positioning and navigation reality in large scale not only compelling business opportunities must be present, but also the technology must be low-cost, low-power, have low maintenance expenses and require minimal amount of new infrastructure. This paper reviews the challenges and solution models for indoor positioning starting from the service level aspects, reflecting them to the architectural considerations and finally discusses selected technical implementation issues.
A Monoclonal Antibody (MCPR3-7) Interfering with the Activity of Proteinase 3 by an Allosteric Mechanism (2013)

Proteinase 3 (PR3) is an abundant serine protease of neutrophil granules and a major target of autoantibodies (PR3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) in granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Some of the PR3 synthesized by promyelocytes in the bone marrow escapes the targeting to granules and occurs on the plasma membrane of naive and primed neutrophils. This membrane-associated PR3 antigen may represent pro-PR3, mature PR3, or both forms. To discriminate between mature PR3 and its inactive zymogen, which have different conformations, we generated and identified a monoclonal antibody called MCPR3-7. It bound much better to pro-PR3 than to mature PR3. This monoclonal antibody greatly reduced the catalytic activity of mature PR3 toward extended peptide substrates. Using diverse techniques and multiple recombinant PR3 variants, we characterized its binding properties and found that MCPR3-7 preferentially bound to the so-called activation domain of the zymogen and changed the conformation of mature PR3, resulting in impaired catalysis and inactivation by α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-antitrypsin). Noncovalent as well as covalent complexation between PR3 and α1-proteinase inhibitor was delayed in the presence of MCPR3-7, but cleavage of certain thioester and paranitroanilide substrates with small residues in the P1 position was not inhibited. We conclude that MCPR3-7 reduces PR3 activity by an allosteric mechanism affecting the S1' pocket and further prime side interactions with substrates. In addition, MCPR3-7 prevents binding of PR3 to cellular membranes. Inhibitory antibodies targeting the activation domain of PR3 could be exploited as highly selective inhibitors of PR3, scavengers, and clearers of the PR3 autoantigen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
Notes- Bisarene-Chromium Compounds from Aryl Chlorides (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- Bisarene-Chromium Compounds from Aryl ChloridesRichard Bush and H SnyderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 7, 1240–1242Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online17 March 2003Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01077a609https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01077a609research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Binding of Amino Acids to “Smart” Sorbents:  Where Does Hydrophobicity Come into Play? (2003)

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA)-based sorbents have been successfully used as sorbents in temperature-sensitive chromatography. Yet, the mechanisms controlling the binding of biochemicals to these sorbents and, therefore, the separation process are not fully understood. In the current work, the role of hydrophobic interactions in the binding of amino acids of different hydrophobicities to PNIPA microgels was studied. Binding experiments were conducted both below (25 degrees C) and above (37 degrees C) the volume-phase transition temperature of the gel. At 25 degrees C, no straightforward correlation between the partition coefficient and the hydrophobicity could be suggested for low hydrophobicity values. Contrary, at higher hydrophobicities the partition coefficient increases with increasing hydrophobicity. This correlation holds for the whole hydrophobicity range at 37 degrees C; however, the binding data suggests two different binding mechanisms of the hydrophilic amino acids and the hydrophobic ones. Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements confirmed this suggestion: The binding of hydrophobic amino acids seems to be driven by hydrophobic interactions, as evident from the positive binding enthalpy and the clear correlation between the amino acid's hydrophobicity and the binding entropy. Contrary, the binding of the hydrophilic amino acids was exothermic, implying a binding mechanism based on specific interactions, most probably hydrogen bonding.
The isolation and characterization of a <i>Babesia</i> from red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) (1976)

On three occasions, antibody positive blood from wild red deer produced overt infections with Babesia when inoculated into splenectomized red deer. One of the deer also became infected with Eperythrozoon sp. Babesia divergens, B. capreoli and the Babesia of red deer are morphologically similar and the marginal position of the parasites in the host cell is characteristic. Babesia were not seen and no antibody was formed in five out of six splenectomized bovine calves which were injected with parasitaemic red deer blood. Two of these calves when challenged with B. divergens were fully susceptible. A transient infection with the deer Babesia may have occurred in the sixth calf since antibody was detected and the animal resisted challenge with B. divergens. In indirect fluorescent antibody tests there was little or no difference in the titre of sera from naturally or experimentally infected cattle and deer when reacted with B. divergens or the red deer Babesia antigens. Despite their similarities, specific status for B. divergens and the red deer Babesia is probably justified; at present there is insufficient evidence to justify separation of the red deer Babesia from B. capreoli.
Precision plasma etching of Si, Ge, and Ge:P by SF6 with added O2 (2014)

The impact of the O2 content in SF6-O2 gas mixtures on the etch rate and sidewall profile of silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and phosphorous doped germanium (Ge:P) in reactive ion etching has been studied. The characteristics of etch rate and sidewall profile are greatly affected by the O2 content. Below 50% of O2 content, a large variation in Ge etch rates is found compared to that of Si, but for O2 content above 50% the etch rates follow relatively the same trend. Lightly doped Ge shows the highest etch rate at a O2 concentration up to 20%. Sidewall angles range from a minimum of 80° to a maximum of 166°, with O2 concentration of 20% yielding perfect anisotropic mesa etch. Also at this O2 concentration, reasonable Si/Ge selectivity is possible. These observations indicate that by adjusting the O2 concentration, precision plasma etching of Si, Ge, and Ge:P is possible.
Research on Shape-Based Time Series Similarity Measure (2006)

The representation and similarity measure of time series are the basis of time series research, and are quite important for improving the efficiency and accuracy of the time series data mining. In this paper, shape-based discrete symbolic representation and distance measure, which is used to measure the similarity between time series is presented. This method quantitatively represents the change of the shape of the time series. Compared with the approaches that exists similar, the present method is more intuitive and compact, and is not sensitive to offset translation, amplitude scaling, compress and stretch. That can reflect the degree of the dynamic change of the tendency and erase the influence of the noises, classify the patterns in more detail, which is favorable to improve the accuracy of the clustering, and multi-scale feature. The experimental results show that our approach has good effectiveness in clustering, which can satisfy the requirement of the shape-similarity of time series effectively under various analyzing frequency
JAK/STAT/SOCS SIGNALING CIRCUITS AND ASSOCIATED CYTOKINE-MEDIATED INFLAMMATION AND HYPERTROPHY IN THE HEART (2006)

Cytokines are important mediators of cardiac disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that members of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines promote cardiac hypertrophy through the activation of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway. Aberrant Jak/STAT signaling may promote progression from hypertrophy to heart failure. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are underexplored, negative regulators of Jak/STAT signaling. SOCS proteins may also interact with other inflammatory pathways known to affect cardiac function. A better understanding of the therapeutic potential of these proteins may lead to the controlled progression of heart failure and the limitation of myocardial depression. This review summarizes the cardiophysiological effect of the IL-6 cytokine family, outlines the mechanistic pathway of Jak/STAT signaling, explores the regulatory role of SOCS proteins in the heart, and discusses the potential of using SOCS proteins clinically.
Operation, design and control of dual H-bridge-based isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter (2008)

The operation, design and control of an isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter for hybrid electric vehicle energy management applications are discussed. Different operation modes and boundary conditions are distinguished by phase-shift angle and load conditions. The absolute and relative output voltage ripple was derived. The dead-band effect and safe operational area are further investigated. The relations between output power and leakage inductance and switching frequency are also presented. The proposed converter was simulated and a prototype was built and tested. Experiments on the converter's steady state and transient operations validated the design and simulation.
Effects of temperature on tissue thermal injury and wound strength after photothermal wound closure (1999)

Both apoptotic and necrotic cell death were used as quantitative measures of tissue injury and were accurate predictors of short-term wound strength. The addition of albumin solder decreased overall tissue injury. These results suggest that temperatures of 65-75 degrees C with solder provide the optimal conditions for maximizing acute wound strength and minimizing tissue injury.
Influence of Carbon on Critical Temperatures of Superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O (1989)

High T c copper oxide superconductors, such as Y-Ba-Cu-O, commonly have a high chemical activity during sintering. Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors are influenced by impurities in air, which cause degradation of the superconducting properties, critical current density ( J c ) and temperature of zero resistance ( T c zero ). XPS analysis of low J c and T c zero materials shows a presence of carbon in a higher amount compared to high J c and T c zero materials. This paper shows that J c and T c zero are very susceptible to impure gases in air.
Stretch-Induced Injury of Cultured Neuronal, Glial, and Endothelial Cells (1996)

These studies further document the utility of the model for studying cell injury and repair and further support the vascular endothelial cell as a site of free radical generation and radical-mediated injury. On the assumption that, like aortic endothelial cells, stretch-injured cerebral endothelial cells also produce oxygen radicals, our results further suggest the endothelial cell as a site of therapeutic action of free radical scavengers after traumatic brain injury.
Cardiopulmonary responses to exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1998)

There were severe abnormalities in maximal and submaximal indices of pulmonary gas exchange in a cohort of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients attending a referral cardiovascular clinic. The pattern of the abnormalities suggests that a reduced stroke volume response, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, and abnormal peripheral oxygen utilisation are the possible mechanisms of exercise intolerance.
Radiant Cooling with Dehumidified Air Ventilation for Thermal Comfort in Buildings in Tropical Climate (2014)

Radiant cooling is an alternative air-conditioning that havs been implemented successfully in high latitude regions. In tropical region as Thailand, radiant cooling is quite challenge due to its cooling performance being limited by high-moisture ambient air. This paper reports an investigation of radiant cooling in a tropical building. The study comprises full-scale experiments of a radiant cooling system with cool panels installed in a room of a laboratory building. A separate fan coil unit was installed to remove humidity of the ventilation air before suppluying it into the room. A software namely TRNSYS was used to model the systems in order to determine the heat extraction rate of the cool panels. Thermal comfort level in the room was evaluated by predicted mean vote (PMV) index. The results show that the radiant cooling is able to use for air conditioning for human comfort in tropical buildings. However, a sophistical system to control temperature of the chilled water supplied to the cool panels and the fan coil unit for the ventilation air dehumidification is inevitably required.
Microarrays of tumor cell derived proteins uncover a distinct pattern of prostate cancer serum immunoreactivity (2003)

The broad characterization of the immune responses elicited by tumors has valuable applications in diagnostics and basic research. We present here the use of microarrays of tumor-derived proteins to profile the antibody repertoire in the sera of prostate cancer patients and controls. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography was used to separate proteins from the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP into 1760 fractions. These fractions were spotted in microarrays on coated microscope slides, and the microarrays were incubated individually with serum samples from 25 men with prostate cancer and 25 male controls. The amount of immunoglobulin bound to each fraction by each serum sample was quantified. Statistical analysis revealed that 38 of the fractions had significantly higher levels of immunoglobulin binding in the prostate cancer samples compared to the controls. Two fractions showed higher binding in the control samples. The significantly higher immunoglobulin reactivity from the prostate cancer samples may reflect a strong immune response to the tumors in the prostate cancer patients. We used multivariate analysis to classify the samples as either prostate cancer or control. In a cross-validation study, recursive partitioning classified the samples with 84% accuracy. A decision tree with two levels of partitioning classified the samples with 98% accuracy. Additional studies will allow further characterization of tumor antigens in prostate cancer and their significance for diagnosis. These results suggest that microarrays of fractionated proteins could be a powerful tool for tumor antigen discovery and cancer diagnosis.
Dual Sense Amplified Bit Lines (DSABL) Architecture for Low-Power SRAM Design (2005)

In this paper, we propose a low-power SRAM design by reducing the accessed bit line capacitance. Each column is divided into divisions. Each division consists of equal number of cells connected together with a local bit line and one local sense amplifier. The divisions are connected together with a global bit line that is also connected to the write, precharge, and reading sense amplifier circuits. During write operation, the global bit lines is slightly discharged to develop a small voltage difference on the accessed local bit lines enough for the local sense amplifier to amplify it to full swing on the local bit lines pair only. The experimental results show reduction in the power consumption that can reach more than 88% with no performance degradation. The architecture is flexible to be used according to the power, and area budget.