gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of transcutaneous nerve stimulation to treat sensory loss after stroke (2003)

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy is a crucial period which ultimately directly impacts two individuals health and wellbeing. Within the UK, a standardised pattern of care is established with collaborations across disciplines to the benefit of women and babies. During the COVID19 pandemic, this pattern of care was disrupted to align with protective protocols which until now, has not been formally reported. METHODS: A retrospective, mixed methods study of UK based women pregnant between the years 2012 and 2022 inclusive with no known complications was conducted to collate opinions and experiences of pregnancy with and without the impact of COVID19 restrictions. Quantitative results were analysed using the statistical package GraphPad Prism 9.2.0 and presented as mean values +/- standard deviation were appropriate. In addition, we used a phased approach to open ended questions. RESULTS: Our results showed no significant difference in either the number of appointments or the time of first appointment however an increased percentage of women reported the use of private services during the COVID pandemic. There was no change in the number of midwife appointments during the postnatal period during COVID but there was a significant reduction in the number of health visitor appointments. Overall, the COVID pandemic led to women feeling less satisfied with their care both during their pregnancy and postnatally, but they reported that they continued to be listened to and remained feeling in control of their pregnancy. DISCUSSION: Generally, the changes implemented during the COVID pandemic did not impact women’s pregnancy journey substantially although we have no evidence of the long-term impact on child health and development. Clear themes have been established which can be used to further improve services in maternity and there are key elements to focus on for the future of UK maternity services.
The Effect of Adding a Minidose of Clonidine to Intrathecal Sufentanil for Labor Analgesia (1998)

The addition of 30 microg clonidine to 5 microg intrathecal sufentanil extended the duration of labor analgesia without producing motor blockade. However, as previously reported with 100-200 microg clonidine, the incidence of hypotension and the ephedrine requirements were also increased, even when 30 microg clonidine only was added.
Enabling Cloud Storage to Support Traditional Applications (2010)

We have presented the idea of enabling the cloud storage to support traditional applications. In this way, the applications running in local host can be deployed and running on the cloud storage without any modification. An acceptable solution is to enhance current cloud storage with standard POSIX file system interface. So that it can benefit from the scalable capacity of existing cloud storage and compatible interface of traditional file systems. With this point in mind, we designed and implemented the PosixCloud, a general purpose scalable storage cloud with standard POSIX interface for traditional end users. Similar to other cloud storage systems, the PosixCloud is designed to be chunk based data layout, built on commodity computers, chunk replication for reliability and so on. However, the metadata in our system is managed in distributed database instead of the memory single master. So that the metadata scalability of our system is enhanced and large small files can be handled without introducing high overhead. The paper describes the details of the design and implementation of PosixCloud. Also, we evaluate the POSIX compliance, functionality, data and metadata performance of PosixCloud by both test suits of third parties and customized experiments. The results demonstrate that our system can achieve reasonable performance and meet the storage requirement of most traditional applications.
A Comparison of Methods for Assessing Space Suit Joint Ranges of Motion (2012)

Through the Advanced Exploration Systems Program, NASA is attempting to use the vast collection of space suit mobility data from 50 years worth of space suit testing to build predictive analysis tools to aid in early architecture decisions for future missions and exploration programs. However, the design engineers must first understand if and how data generated by different methodologies can be compared directly and used in an essentially interchangeable manner. To address this question, the isolated joint range of motion data from two different test series were compared. Both data sets were generated from participants wearing the Mark III Space Suit Technology Demonstrator (MK-III), Waist Entry I-suit (WEI), and minimal clothing. Additionally the two tests shared a common test subject that allowed for within subject comparisons of the methods that greatly reduced the number of variables in play. The tests varied in their methodologies: the Space Suit Comparative Technologies Evaluation used 2D photogrammetry to analyze isolated ranges of motion while the Constellation space suit benchmarking and requirements development used 3D motion capture to evaluate both isolated and functional joint ranges of motion. The isolated data from both test series were compared graphically, as percent differences, and by simple statistical analysis. The results indicated that while the methods generate results that are statistically the same (significance level p= 0.01), the differences are significant enough in the practical sense to make direct comparisons ill advised. The concluding recommendations propose direction for how to bridge the data gaps and address future mobility data collection to allow for backward compatibility.
Gradient metasurfaces: fundamentals and applications (2017)

In the wake of intense research on metamaterials the two-dimensional analogue, known as metasurfaces, has attracted progressively increasing attention in recent years due to the ease of fabrication and smaller insertion losses, while enabling an unprecedented control over spatial distributions of transmitted and reflected optical fields. Metasurfaces represent optically thin planar arrays of resonant subwavelength elements that can be arranged in a strictly or quasi periodic fashion, or even in an aperiodic manner, depending on targeted optical wavefronts to be molded with their help. This paper reviews a broad subclass of metasurfaces, viz. gradient metasurfaces, which are devised to exhibit spatially varying optical responses resulting in spatially varying amplitudes, phases and polarizations of scattered fields. Starting with introducing the concept of gradient metasurfaces, we present classification of different metasurfaces from the viewpoint of their responses, differentiating electrical-dipole, geometric, reflective and Huygens' metasurfaces. The fundamental building blocks essential for the realization of metasurfaces are then discussed in order to elucidate the underlying physics of various physical realizations of both plasmonic and purely dielectric metasurfaces. We then overview the main applications of gradient metasurfaces, including waveplates, flat lenses, spiral phase plates, broadband absorbers, color printing, holograms, polarimeters and surface wave couplers. The review is terminated with a short section on recently developed nonlinear metasurfaces, followed by the outlook presenting our view on possible future developments and perspectives for future applications.
Synthesis of novel tetracationic asymmetric monomeric monomethine cyanine dyes – highly fluorescent dsDNA probes (2010)

Quaternisation of monomethine cyanine dyes bearing haloalkyl chains, with the appropriate monoquaternised 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives, yielded novel tetracationic asymmetric monomeric monomethine cyanine dyes belonging to the thiazole orange family. The optimal conditions for this reaction were investigated. The longest wavelength absorption maxima of the studied dyes are in the region 504–507 nm. The molar absorptivities of the target dyes are high, with values between 70 500 and 99 500 l mol −1 cm −1 . The fluorescence intensity and the fluorescence quantum yields of the free dyes in solution or in the presence of double‐stranded DNA were determined using thiazole orange for comparison. The dyes are suitable for nucleic acid detection and have a high binding affinity, attributable to their four positive charges.
Quantification of color vision with cone contrast sensitivity (2004)

Human color vision is based fundamentally on three separate cone photopigments. Hereditary color deficiency, which affects up to 10% of males, results from an absorption shift or lack of L or M cone phototoreceptors. While hereditary S cone deficiency is rare, decreased S cone sensitivity occurs early in eye disease, underscoring the importance of quantifying S cone function. Our purpose is to describe a novel approach for quantifying human color vision based on the photopigments of normal color vision. Colored letters, visible to a single cone type, are presented in graded steps of cone contrast to determine the threshold for letter recognition. This approach quantifies normal color vision, indicates type and severity of hereditary deficiency, and reveals sensitivity decrements in various diseases.
An Internet Camera Server for USB Cameras (1997)

Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a new interface standard for connecting peripheral devices to personal computers. A USB system consists of a host (typically a PC) and a number of peripherals with USB interfaces. In this thesis, we have investigated an alternative approach to the PC based system. We have developed a camera server which connects a USB camera directly to Ethernet. The server is an independent World Wide Web (WWW) server and allows the camera image to be accessed using any computer on the Internet with a WWW browser. The special application makes a number of optimizations possible, allowing the USB host to be cheaper and less complex than a PC. This advantage is exploited in the server&apos;s USB Host Controller, which has been designed specifically for this application. However, the design is general and can be used for other USB server applications. iv v Acknowledgments First of all, we would like to use this opportunity to thank Gunnar Dahlgren for his tips, suggestions,...
Room-temperature electroluminescence from Er-doped crystalline Si (1994)

We have obtained room-temperature electroluminescence (EL) at ∼1.54 μm from Er and O co-doped crystalline p-n Si diodes fabricated by ion implantation, under both forward and reverse bias conditions. Under forward bias, the EL intensity decreases by a factor of ∼15 on going from 110 to 300 K, where a weak peak is still visible. In contrast, we report the first sharp luminescence peak obtained under reverse bias conditions in the breakdown regime. In this case the EL intensity decreases only by a factor of 4 on going from 110 to 300 K and the room-temperature yield is more than one order of magnitude higher than under forward bias. The data suggest that Er excitation occurs through electron-hole mediated processes under forward bias and through impact excitation under reverse bias.
X-ray Crystal Structure of a Bisubstrate Inhibitor Bound to the Enzyme Catechol-O-methyltransferase: A Dramatic Effect of Inhibitor Preorganization on Binding Affinity We thank F. Hoffmann–La Roche for generous support of this work. We are grateful to P. Malherbe for the cloning of COMT, P. Caspers for the expression of COMT, A. Cesura for enzyme purification, B. Wipf for fermentation, and H. W. Lahm for sequencing. (2001)

With an IC50 value of 9 nM, 1 is the most potent known disubstrate inhibitor for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Inhibition of COMT is of significant interest in the therapy of Parkinsonapos;s disease since it ensures that a larger percentage of orally administered L-dopa reaches—in the form of dopamine—its target in the brain. The X-ray crystal structure of a complex formed by COMT and 1 has been solved at 2.6-Å resolution.
Audio-Based Estimation of Speakers Directions for Multimedia Meeting Logs (2007)

This paper is concerned with an audio-based method for estimating speaker directions in meeting environment. It is well-known that cross-power spectrum phase (CSP) analysis is a very powerful tool for localizing sound sources. However, when we adopt the CSP-based method together with a circular microphone array system to estimate the speaker directions in 360-degree range (e.g. round-table discussions), the method fails to estimate the directions due to the existence of imaginary peaks of CSP coefficients. In order to circumvent the above problem, we propose a method to suppress the imaginary peaks, which uses a circular-array version of the method proposed by Nishiura and appropriate scaling around the imaginary peaks. Experimental results are also shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
[Clinical significance, epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter pyloridis]. (1986)

In 1983, bacteriological examinations of gastric epithelium isolated a new species of bacteria, the so-called Campylobacter pyloridis. These bacteria were found in 50% of the gastroscopic examinations from patients with dyseptic disorders. C. pyloridis is a gram-negative curved bacterium. Up to now it has been found on the surface of the human gastric epithelium. C. pyloridis is rarely isolated from the healthy gastric epithelium. The gastric epithelium containing C. pyloridis mostly suffers from inflammatory infiltration or from pathological changes like chronic gastritis of type B. The route of infection is unknown. C. pyloridis has not yet been isolated outside of the human stomach. For laboratory diagnosis of a disease caused by C. pyloridis, the bacterium has to be isolated from gastric bioptic specimen. Another possibility is to check for high serum antibody levels against C. pyloridis. Direct microscopic examinations of gastric epithelium are also possible. The positive urease test is the main criterion to differentiate C. pyloridis from other human pathogenic campylobacter species. As therapeutic agents are recommended: bismuthates, amoxicillin, furazolidone and tinidazole. These agents are able to eliminate C. pyloridis from gastric epithelium and to fade away the gastritis.
Extrapolating security requirements to an established software process: Version 1.0 (2011)

This paper presents the mechanisms on integrating security related activities to an established software process in an organization. The main challenge is to attain a security model that is fit to the organization's security objectives and environment. We quest for an adapted security model that is lightweight yet provides an optimized security impacts in delivering software products. Implementation of the adapted security model must also comprehend the limiting factor of people resources. We share experiences and lesson learned in transforming the adapted security model into secure software process.
A Symptom Extraction and Classification Method for Self-Management (2005)

IT professionals often seek ways to effectively detect and prevent problems associated to the resources they manage. Their solution so far has been to rely on past experiences and established processes. Novel industry initiatives, like the Autonomic Computing paradigm provide concepts such as Events and Symptoms to facilitate automatic processing and consequently identification and treatment of problems and incidents. But the lack of an established method for identifying and classifying such symptoms still presents itself as a complex problem. Answers would be more readily available if processes and practices were to merge into information resources comprising a generic taxonomy of symptoms and their associated knowledge types (situations and recommendations). The purpose of this study is to determine whether the essence of IT problem determination and prediction can be captured by a limited number of generic symptom types. Symptoms with nearly identical structures, such as application connection error and server unreachable error are to be classified in generic types, e.g. network condition X. The implication of having a generic taxonomy is directly related to how easily situations can be automated and how knowledge can be identified. In this study we analyze common solutions deployed by IT shops around the world when they integrate their infrastructure with existing event management and problem determination products. The end results of this analysis and a proposal for a generic taxonomy of symptoms for IT problem determination and prediction is presented.
Design of a touch-screen mathematics input system for children with upper extremity disability (2011)

Mathematics is an indispensable element of many disciplines and essential in daily life. While handwriting modality is conventionally used for learning mathematics, it is difficult for children with upper extremity disability. Although computer-based editing software allows them to write mathematics using mouse and keyboard, the software is considered cumbersome to use, even to many physically-abled users. In this paper, we propose a touch-screen mathematics input system to assist the children in writing mathematics. It supports context-specific keyboard layouts to keep the number of keys per layout optimal, thus better tolerating position error caused by motor control deficiency in picking the desired keys. Favorable initial comments on the prototype system have been obtained from experienced school teachers. Experimental study will be conducted to assess system usability and user performance in a more rigorous way and to further improve system design.
Highly-sensitive epinephrine sensors based on organic electrochemical transistors with carbon nanomaterial modified gate electrodes (2015)

The sensitivity of OECT-based epinephrine sensors has been dramatically improved by modifying carbon nanomaterials on the Pt gate electrodes.
Lignified materials as a potential medicinal resource. IV. Dehydrogenation polymers of some phenylpropenoids and their capacity to stimulate polymorphonuclear cell iodination. (1991)

Based on our recent finding regarding diverse biological activities of natural lignified materials, synthetic dehydrogenation homo- and copolymers were prepared using 3 p-hydroxylated cinnamic acids and coniferyl alcohol in order to explore the role of lignin skeleton in the activities displayed by natural lignins. The synthetic polymers stimulated polymorphonuclear cell iodination as potently as the natural lignified materials.
UMTS radio planning: optimizing base station configuration (2003)

The planning of UMTS radio networks must take into account not only signal levels in the service area but also signal quality requirements since in the W-CDMA air interface the radio resources are shared by all base stations. In previous work we have proposed discrete optimization models and algorithms for the UMTS base station location problem. However, optimizing BS configuration is often more critical than BS location since service providers may have a very limited set of candidate sites due to authority constraints. We address the general problem of optimizing base station locations as well as their configurations, such as antenna height, tilt, and sector orientation. We describe a mathematical programming model which considers the power control mechanism typical of W-CDMA and the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) as quality measure. The two contrasting objectives of the optimization process are traffic coverage maximization and installation costs minimization. A tabu search algorithm is proposed to find good approximate solutions of this NP-hard problem. Numerical results obtained for synthetic but realistic instances are also presented.
Permeabilization of lymphocytes with polyethylene glycol 1000. Discrimination of permeabilized cells by flow cytometry (1982)

The toxicity of polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG) used similarly as in cell hybridization experiments, has been studied by flow cytometry, measuring the light scattering and fluorescence distributions of PEG-treated human lymphocytes stained with propidium iodide, fluorescein diacetate and acridine orange (AO). The sensitivity of these tests to detect permeabilized, or potentially dead cells, was equal. In addition, PEG proved to interfere with AO staining most likely through the inhibition of its binding to nucleic acids. The decrease of AO fluorescence in cells killed by PEG was unexpected since intercalation of propidium iodide was the same as in alcohol fixed cells. Permeabilization of cells by PEG appears to be an all-or-none phenomenon, accompanied by entrance of PEG into the cells. The findings are described in the context of a review of the currently used flow cytometric techniques to discriminate viable and lethally affected cells; also, the problems of interpretation are discussed.
Intermittent dosing of fluticasone propionate cream for reducing the risk of relapse in atopic dermatitis patients (2002)

In paediatric and adult subjects, once stabilized with regular FP treatment, the risk of relapse of AD can be significantly reduced by extended intermittent dosing with FP cream in addition to regular emollient therapy.
Enzyme‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1‐Deoxymannojirimycin, 1‐Deoxynojirimycin, and 1,4‐Dideoxy‐1,4‐imino‐<scp>D</scp>‐arabinitol (1988)

The title compounds 1, 2, and 3 are highly effective glycosidase inhibitors. They were synthesized from achiral starting compounds by enzyme-catalyzed CC coupling of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (→ 1, 2) or hydroxypyruvate (→ 3) with racemic 3-azido-2-hydroxypropanal via fructose, sorbose and xylulose derivatives and their subsequent enantioselective catalytic hydrogenation.
A pyrolytic carbon film electrode (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA pyrolytic carbon film electrodeW. J. Blaedel and G. A. MabbottCite this: Anal. Chem. 1978, 50, 7, 933–936Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50029a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50029a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views308Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin-like peptide 5 is an orexigenic gastrointestinal hormone (2014)

The gut endocrine system is emerging as a central player in the control of appetite and glucose homeostasis, and as a rich source of peptides with therapeutic potential in the field of diabetes and obesity. In this study we have explored the physiology of insulin-like peptide 5 (Insl5), which we identified as a product of colonic enteroendocrine L-cells, better known for their secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptideYY. i.p. Insl5 increased food intake in wild-type mice but not mice lacking the cognate receptor Rxfp4. Plasma Insl5 levels were elevated by fasting or prolonged calorie restriction, and declined with feeding. We conclude that Insl5 is an orexigenic hormone released from colonic L-cells, which promotes appetite during conditions of energy deprivation.