gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Polymeric Replicas of Cell Surfaces with Nanoscale Resolution (2006)

We report an approach for fabricating biomimetic surface replicas of cells with nanoscale resolution. Fixed cells serve as a template for a two-stage replica molding process. Cast from the template, the impression replica contains a reproduction of cellular topographical features indented into its surface, and cast from the impression replica, the relief replica contains a copy of these features protruding from its surface. Various polymers and cells can be utilized, and scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and white light interferometry analyses confirm the replication of nanoscale features. These replicas are useful for investigating cellular function and for biomimetic tissue engineering.
Senile Dementia of Lewy Body Type and Alzheimer Type Are Biochemically Distinct in Terms of Paired Helical Filaments and Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein (Part 2 of 2) (1994)

We have used biochemical assays to examine cingulate and occipital cortices from age-matched cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 12), senile dementia of the Lewy body type (SDLT; n = 13), Parkinson's disease (PD; 5 non-demented cases and 7 cognitively impaired cases) and controls (n = 11) for paired helical filaments (PHFs), phosphorylated and normal tau protein and &#914;/A4-protein. Whereas cingulate cortex is characterised by relatively high densities of cortical Lewy bodies in the SDLT cases and lower numbers in PD, these inclusion bodies were absent in the cingulate cortex from AD and control cases. Protease-resistant PHFs and hyperphosphorylated tau protein were found in AD and, at low levels, in a minority of SDLT cases. Qualitatively, both of these preparations were indistinguishable in SDLT from those found in AD but levels of both parameters in SDLT were less than 5% of those in AD. SDLT, PD and control groups did not differ from each other in terms of the quantity of protease-resistant PHFs or the level of hyperphosphorylated tau. Furthermore, PHF accumulation did not distinguish between PD cases with or without dementia. The levels of normal tau protein did not differ between the four groups. &#914;/A4 protein levels did not distinguish between PD and control groups, between AD and SDLT groups, or between SDLT and control groups for either cingulate or occipital cortices. Thus extensive accumulation of PHFs in either neurofibrillary tangles or dystrophic neurites is not a feature of either SDLT or PD. Our findings provide molecular support for the neuropathological and clinical separation of SDLT as a form of dementia that is distinct from AD.
Six-Sigma and Taguchi Approaches to the Printed Circuit Board Quality Improvement (2015)

Problem: The manufacturing of printed circuit board (PCB) has been popularly developed, which demands quality and being effective in increasing customers’ satisfaction, decreasing costs, reducing defects and profitable warranty. However, practical experiences in the process of using statistic quality method – to be particularly significant in the manufacturing of PCB have shown over 60% of all circuit failures relating to the printing process which is the most critical step in PCB manufacturing. Approach: The aims of this research are to apply the Six-Sigma DMAIC to reduce the defects and improve the quality of PCB. At the beginning steps, process capability analysis (PCA) is employed to inspect and analyze the current printing operations. Afterwards, Taguchi method is applied to design experiments, analyze the significant factors and determine the optimum settings.Results: Taguchi is the core statistical tools for Six Sigma improvement and attaining a higher Six Sigma level, so by applying the optimal settings, the printing process can also be improved.
Automatic license plate detection based on connected component analysis and template matching (2011)

This paper proposes a novel method for license plate(LP) detection from images with complex background. First, it segments images with an adaptive binarization method to avoid the problem that nonuniform illumination creates, and some undesired image areas are removed by limiting the range of region properties of connected components(CCs). Secondly, CC analysis is used to construct nearest neighbor chain(NNC) for detection of candidate LP regions(LP-NNC). The average height and direction of each LP-NNC is estimated to deal with images acquired from different view or distances. Thirdly, two variable-length square templates are designed to match horizontal and vertical projections of LP image gradients. They are combined to verify all candidate LP regions, and the most possible region is selected as the true LP region. Experiment results on various types of LP images show that this proposed method has achieved desired detection result for complex scenes.
Bay-linked perylene bisimides as promising non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells (2013)

A series of bay-linked perylene bisimides as non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells are designed. The best power conversion efficiency up to 3.63% based on s-diPBI (1b) is demonstrated by fine-tuning optoelectronic properties resulting from different degrees of twisting and flexibility by bay-linkages.
Concentration Cells and Aqueous Corrosion (1960)

This paper describes improved technique for continuous recording of maximum current output of concentration cells and for obtaining corrosion rates of cell electrodes over short periods. Generally, where a dissolved oxygen concentration cell competes with another, the dissolved oxygen cell takes precedence and is the current determinating cell. Rust film on steel increases activity of local or physically separated dissolved oxygen cells. Cell action can be calculated by an equation developed from Fick’s law of diffusion. 3.6.2
Composition profile of an AlGaAs epilayer on a V-grooved substrate grown by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (1995)

A composition distribution of an AlxGa1−xAs epilayer on a V-grooved substrate grown by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy is described. The aluminum (Al) content of an AlxGa1−xAs epilayer on a V-grooved substrate is found to be on the order of x(111)A≳xtop(100)≳xedge-facet ≳xbottom-intersection by using spectrally and spatially resolved low temperature cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements. The composition difference between (111)A surfaces and bottom intersections is as much as 30%. The resulting spontaneous vertical quantum wells and spontaneous waveguides in the bottom intersections are expected to be applicable in low-threshold current laser devices.
Adsorption of Propane and Propylene on CuBTC Metal–Organic Framework: Combined Theoretical and Experimental Investigation (2013)

A combined experimental and theoretical investigation of propane and propylene adsorption in the metal–organic framework CuBTC is presented. The dependence of adsorption enthalpies on the adsorbed amount was determined by microcalorimetry up to 8 mmol g–1 coverage (roughly C3Hn/Cu2+ ratio of 1.5). Trends observed experimentally were interpreted on the basis of accurate calculations carried out at the hybrid DFT–ab initio level. Three types of adsorption sites were identified; however, qualitatively different results were obtained for propane and propylene. Propane preferentially adsorbs at the cage center sites (−ΔH° = 43 kJ mol–1), followed by adsorption at the cage window sites (31 kJ mol–1), while the interaction with the coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) is relatively weak (24 kJ mol–1). On the contrary, propylene preferentially interacts with the CUS (56 kJ mol–1), while the adsorption at the cage center and cage window sites was found to be only 45 and 34 kJ mol–1, respectively. Due to the topology of CuBTC, lateral interactions are significantly more important among the adsorbates located at the cage center and cage window sites (populated in the case of propane) than among adsorbates at the CUS and cage center sites (populated in the case of propylene). Therefore, adsorption energies obtained for coverages above 6 mmol g–1 of adsorbed amount were larger for propane than for propylene. Consequently, the presence of small cages makes the CuBTC MOF less suitable for propane/propylene separation than MOFs having the Cu2+ CUS but without small cages (e.g., CPO-27).
Strength in Wood Pulp Papers - Effect of Beating (1934)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStrength in Wood Pulp Papers - Effect of BeatingH. Ainsworth. HarrisonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1934, 26, 4, 458–461Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1934Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1934https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50292a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50292a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Pattern Laser Annealing by a Pulsed Laser (1981)

Preliminary experiments with contact-type pattern laser annealing were made for local polycrystallization of a-Si, local evaporation of a-Si and local formation of Ni-Si alloy. These experiments showed that the mask patterns can be replicated as annealed regions with a resolution of a few microns on substrates. To overcome shortcomings due to the contact type pattern annealing, a projection type reduction pattern laser annealing system is proposed for resistless low temperature pattern forming processes.
Disruption of the 12/15-lipoxygenase gene diminishes atherosclerosis in apo E–deficient mice (1999)

Atherosclerosis may be viewed as an inflammatory disease process that includes early oxidative modification of LDLs, leading to foam cell formation. This "oxidation hypothesis" has gained general acceptance in recent years, and evidence for the role of lipoxygenases in initiation of, or participation in, the oxidative process is accumulating. However, the relative contribution of macrophage-expressed lipoxygenases to atherogenesis in vivo remains unknown. Here, we provide in vivo evidence for the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase in atherogenesis and demonstrate diminished plasma IgG autoantibodies to oxidized LDL epitopes in 12/15-lipoxygenase knockout mice crossbred with atherosclerosis-prone apo E-deficient mice (apo E-/-/L-12LO-/-). In chow-fed 15-week-old apo E-/-/L-12LO-/- mice, the extent of lesions in whole-aorta en face preparations (198 +/- 60 microm2) was strongly reduced (P < 0.001, n = 12) when compared with 12/15-lipoxygenase-expressing controls (apo E-/-/L-12LO+/+), which showed areas of lipid deposition (15,700 +/- 2,688 microm2) in the lesser curvature of the aortic arch, branch points, and in the abdominal aorta. These results were observed despite cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels that were similar to those in apo E-deficient mice. Evidence for reduced lesion development was observed even at 1 year of age in apo E-/-/L-12LO-/- mice. The combined data indicate a role for 12/15-lipoxygenase in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and suggest that inhibition of this enzyme may decrease disease progression.
ELEMENT-LOADED ORGANIC SCINTILLATORS FOR NEUTRON AND NEUTRINO PHYSICS (2001)

New types of element-loaded (B and Gd) organic scintillators for neutron detection and neutrino experiments have been synthesized recently at JINR. Their optical, spectral, scintillation and radiopurity characteristics are presented and discussed. It is shown that the 5 % B-loaded scintillator has a light output as much as 70 % relative to the unloaded one. The same characteristics for the 3 % Gd-loaded sample is equal to 51 %. Transparency and other properties of the produced scintillators did not change at normal conditions for at least one year.
Oxidation of Thiosulfate to Sulfate at Glassy Carbon Electrodes (1995)

Thiosulfate can be quantitatively oxidized to sulfate without production of elemental sulfur (S0) by a two‐step anodic process at glassy carbon electrodes in 1.0 M buffer (pH 5). The first step, at 1.0 V vs.SCE, converts to tetrathionate . The second step, at 1.6 V vs. SCE, converts to . Addition of bromide (Br−) to solutions expedites the desired conversion, presumably because of homogeneous oxidations by bromine generated by anodic oxidation of Br−.
Electrochemical oxidation of bilirubin and biliverdin in dimethyl sulfoxide (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical oxidation of bilirubin and biliverdin in dimethyl sulfoxideFathi. Moussa, Gaoussou. Kanoute, Christine. Herrenknecht, Pierre. Levillain, and Francois. TrivinCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 11, 1179–1185Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00162a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00162a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A novel <i>R‐</i>stereoselective amidase from <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. MCI3434 acting on piperazine‐2‐<i>tert</i>‐butylcarboxamide (2004)

A novel amidase acting on (R,S)-piperazine-2-tert-butylcarboxamide was purified from Pseudomonas sp. MCI3434 and characterized. The enzyme acted R-stereoselectively on (R,S)-piperazine-2-tert-butylcarboxamide to yield (R)-piperazine-2-carboxylic acid, and was tentatively named R-amidase. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed high sequence identity with that deduced from a gene named PA3598 encoding a hypothetical hydrolase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The gene encoding R-amidase was cloned from the genomic DNA of Pseudomonas sp. MCI3434 and sequenced. Analysis of 1332 bp of the genomic DNA revealed the presence of one open reading frame (ramA) which encodes the R-amidase. This enzyme, RamA, is composed of 274 amino acid residues (molecular mass, 30 128 Da), and the deduced amino acid sequence exhibits homology to a carbon-nitrogen hydrolase protein (PP3846) from Pseudomonas putida strain KT2440 (72.6% identity) and PA3598 protein from P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 (65.6% identity) and may be classified into a new subfamily in the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase family consisting of aliphatic amidase, beta-ureidopropionase, carbamylase, nitrilase, and so on. The amount of R-amidase in the supernatant of the sonicated cell-free extract of an Escherichia coli transformant overexpressing the ramA gene was about 30 000 times higher than that of Pseudomonas sp. MCI3434. The intact cells of the E. coli transformant could be used for the R-stereoselective hydrolysis of racemic piperazine-2-tert-butylcarboxamide. The recombinant enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from cell-free extract of the E. coli transformant overexpressing the ramA gene. On gel-filtration chromatography, the enzyme appeared to be a monomer. It had maximal activity at 45 degrees C and pH 8.0, and was completely inactivated in the presence of p-chloromercuribenzoate, N-ethylmaleimide, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Hg2+, or Pb2+. RamA had hydrolyzing activity toward the carboxamide compounds, in which amino or imino group is connected to beta- or gamma-carbon, such as beta-alaninamide, (R)-piperazine-2-carboxamide (R)-piperidine-3-carboxamide, D-glutaminamide and (R)-piperazine-2-tert-butylcarboxamide. The enzyme, however, did not act on the other amide substrates for the aliphatic amidase despite its sequence similarity to RamA.
Endogenous Sex Hormone Levels and Mammographic Density among Postmenopausal Women (2005)

These findings indicate that in postmenopausal women, mammographic density is independent of circulating sex hormone levels.
An evaluation of non‐aqueous dispersion (1973)

Of the mass production industries, the Automobile Industry is perhaps the leader in demanding a high standard of finish appearance and finish performance for its product. This is to be expected, considering the prestigious nature of the product and cost of the motor car, and the increasing impact of consumerism in all the major markets of the world.
A novel neuropeptide in suppressing luteinizing hormone release in goldfish, Carassius auratus (2013)

The fish reproductive axis is regulated by many neuroendocrine factors. However, factors involved in the suppression of this axis are largely uncharacterized. In this study, we describe a novel neuropeptide derived from the spexin precursor acting as a negative factor to suppress the reproductive axis in teleost. The cDNA sequences of the spexin precursors have been cloned from both zebrafish and goldfish. A 14-aa mature peptide with the C-terminal amidated (spexin-14a: NWTPQAMLYLKGTQ-NH2) is conceivably generated by processing of the spexin precursors in both species. Spexin is mainly expressed in the brain and ovary of zebrafish and spexin-14a-ir cells are located in several brain regions of goldfish. Functionally, goldfish spexin-14a could significantly suppress luteinizing hormone (LH) release in cultured goldfish pituitary cells. Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of spexin-14a could effectively suppress serum LH level. The mRNA expression of spexin is lower in the breeding season and hypothalamic expression of spexin is regulated by gonadal hormones. These results constitute the first report on the novel role of spexin in the negative regulation of the reproductive axis in teleost.
Sulfite Cooking Process. II.<sup>1</sup> The Reaction between Thioglycolic Acid and Spruce Lignin (1939)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfite Cooking Process. II.1 The Reaction between Thioglycolic Acid and Spruce LigninC. E. Ahlm and F. E. BraunsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1939, 61, 2, 277–280Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1939Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1939https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01871a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01871a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preventing PTSD, depression and associated health problems in student paramedics: protocol for PREVENT-PTSD, a randomised controlled trial of supported online cognitive training for resilience versus alternative online training and standard practice (2018)

ISRCTN16493616; Pre-results.
Programmed Cell Death-4 Tumor Suppressor Protein Contributes to Retinoic Acid–Induced Terminal Granulocytic Differentiation of Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells (2007)

Programmed cell death-4 (PDCD4) is a recently discovered tumor suppressor protein that inhibits protein synthesis by suppression of translation initiation. We investigated the role and the regulation of PDCD4 in the terminal differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Expression of PDCD4 was markedly up-regulated during all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced granulocytic differentiation in NB4 and HL60 AML cell lines and in primary human promyelocytic leukemia (AML-M3) and CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells but not in differentiation-resistant NB4.R1 and HL60R cells. Induction of PDCD4 expression was associated with nuclear translocation of PDCD4 in NB4 cells undergoing granulocytic differentiation but not in NB4.R1 cells. Other granulocytic differentiation inducers such as DMSO and arsenic trioxide also induced PDCD4 expression in NB4 cells. In contrast, PDCD4 was not up-regulated during monocytic/macrophagic differentiation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate in NB4 cells or by ATRA in THP1 myelomonoblastic cells. Knockdown of PDCD4 by RNA interference (siRNA) inhibited ATRA-induced granulocytic differentiation and reduced expression of key proteins known to be regulated by ATRA, including p27(Kip1) and DAP5/p97, and induced c-myc and Wilms' tumor 1, but did not alter expression of c-jun, p21(Waf1/Cip1), and tissue transglutaminase (TG2). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was found to regulate PDCD4 expression because inhibition of PI3K by LY294002 and wortmannin or of mTOR by rapamycin induced PDCD4 protein and mRNA expression. In conclusion, our data suggest that PDCD4 expression contributes to ATRA-induced granulocytic but not monocytic/macrophagic differentiation. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway constitutively represses PDCD4 expression in AML, and ATRA induces PDCD4 through inhibition of this pathway.
[MicroRNAs and prostate cancer]. (2015)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in the urinary system of males. A growing number of studies have shown that microRNAs, as small ribonucleic acid molecules and a class of non-coding small RNAs, are closely related with PCa and a variety of microRNAs are abnormally expressed in it. This article focuses on the roles of microRNAs in the occurrence and progression of PCa, with a description of differentially expressed microRNAs in PCa and an analysis of their association with its prognosis as well as their correlation with chemotherapy, androgen receptors, and metastasis of PCa.