gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Particle Swarm Optimization for Multi-constrained Routing in Telecommunication Networks (2011)

By our analysis, the QoS routing is the optimization problem under the satisfaction of multiple QoS constraints. The Particles Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an optimization algorithm which has been applied to finding shortest path in the network. However, it might fall into local optimal solution, and is not able to solve the routing based on multiple constraints. To tackle this problem, we propose a new method of solving the multiple constraints routing. This paper firstly sets up a multi constrained QoS routing model and constructs the fitness value function by transforming the QoS constraints with a penalty function. Secondly, the iterative formulas of the original PSO are improved to tailor to non-continuous search space of the routing problem. Finally, the natural selection and mutation ideas of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) are applied to the PSO to improve the convergent performance. The simulation results show that the proposed GA-PSO algorithm can not only successfully solve the multi-constrained QoS routing problem, but also achieves a better effect in the success rate of the searching optimal path.
Melt blowing: General equation development and experimental verification (1990)

Abstract A model has been developed for steady polymer melt blowing. This model includes the dominant effect that the forwarding air has upon the process. Inertial, gravitational and heat transfer effects are also included. The model equations are solved numerically with both Newtonian and viscoelastic (Phan‐Thien and Tanner) constitutive equations. The predicted results compare favorably with actual experimental data.
The Synthesis of Potential Antimalarials. 2-Alkyl-α-(2-piperidyl)-4-quinolinemethanols<sup>1</sup> (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Potential Antimalarials. 2-Alkyl-α-(2-piperidyl)-4-quinolinemethanols1J. F. Mead, A. E. Senear, and J. B. KoepfliCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 12, 2708–2710Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01216a088https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01216a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low temperature thermal annealing of arsenic implanted silicon (1980)

The annealing of heavily arsenic implanted (100) silicon using low temperature furnace techniques to obtain metastable concentrations of the dopant is described and the activations obtained are compared with those found after laser and electron beam annealing.
Large Scale Finite Element Analysis Via Assembly-Free Deflated Conjugate Gradient (2014)

Large-scale finite element analysis (FEA) with millions of degrees of freedom (DOF) is becoming commonplace in solid mechanics. The primary computational bottleneck in such problems is the solution of large linear systems of equations. In this paper, we propose an assembly-free version of the deflated conjugate gradient (DCG) for solving such equations, where neither the stiffness matrix nor the deflation matrix is assembled. While assembly-free FEA is a well-known concept, the novelty pursued in this paper is the use of assembly-free deflation. The resulting implementation is particularly well suited for large-scale problems and can be easily ported to multicore central processing unit (CPU) and graphics-programmable unit (GPU) architectures. For demonstration, we show that one can solve a 50 × 106 degree of freedom system on a single GPU card, equipped with 3 GB of memory. The second contribution is an extension of the “rigid-body agglomeration” concept used in DCG to a “curvature-sensitive agglomeration.” The latter exploits classic plate and beam theories for efficient deflation of highly ill-conditioned problems arising from thin structures.
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus: evidence of a neutralizing activity against gp48 in the presence of goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum (1991)

Twenty-one monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the NY-1 and the Osloss-c strains of bovine viral diarrhoea virus were produced and characterized by indirect immunofluorescence assay, radioimmunoprecipitation and neutralization tests. Fourteen MAbs directed against the NY-1 strain recognized the gp48 and showed a weak neutralizing activity in the presence of goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum.
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody to a 60-kD Glycoprotein in Ovarian Carcinoma <sup>1</sup> (1985)

Monoclonal IgG1 antibodies 2C8 and 2F7, derived by immunization of mice with a glycoprotein-enriched fraction of human ovarian adenocarcinoma, recognized a 60 kD glycoprotein in the ovarian tumor but not in normal ovary. Survey of other normal adult tissues by an indirect solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) revealed the presence of the antigen in trace amounts in various normal organs such as small intestine, liver colon and urinary bladder, except in lung where its concentration was as high as in tumors. Among fetal tissues tested, intestine and placenta had the highest activities. By RIA, about 50% of ovarian and colonic tumors had elevated levels of the antigen. All ovarian cyst fluids, both benign as well as malignant, also contained a high level of the antigen. Immunodepletion studies indicated that the antigen was distinct from carcinoembryonic antigen and the ovarian cancer antigens described in our laboratory with other monoclonal antibodies. The antigen bound to Con A-Sepharose and was eluted with 2% alpha-D-mannoside, was soluble in 0.6 M perchloric acid and stable at 100 degrees C for 30 min. The antigenic activity in isolated plasma membrane enriched fractions of ovarian adenocarcinomas was sensitive to trypsin, chymotrypsin or protease treatment but unaffected by neuraminidase, beta-galactosidase, periodate or methanol treatment. By immunoperoxidase staining, the antigen was localized in a variety of human tumors showing widespread distribution.
MicroRNA-205 Inhibits Src-Mediated Oncogenic Pathways in Renal Cancer (2011)

The Src family of protein kinases (SFK) plays key roles in regulating fundamental cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, cell shape, migration, and survival, and specialized cell signals in various malignancies. The pleiotropic functions of SFKs in cancer make them promising targets for intervention. Here, we sought to investigate the role of microRNA-205 (miR-205) in inhibition of Src-mediated oncogenic pathways in renal cancer. We report that expression of miR-205 was significantly suppressed in renal cancer cell lines and tumors when compared with normal tissues and a nonmalignant cell line and is correlated inversely with the expression of SFKs. miR-205 significantly suppressed the luciferase activity of reporter plasmids containing the 3'-UTR (untranslated region) sequences complementary to either Src, Lyn, or Yes, which was abolished by mutations in these 3'-UTR regions. Overexpression of miR-205 in A498 cells reduced Src, Lyn, and Yes expression, both at mRNA and protein levels. Proliferation of renal cancer cells was suppressed by miR-205, mediated by the phospho-Src-regulated ERK1/2 pathway. Cell motility factor FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and STAT3 activation were also inhibited by miR-205. Transient and stable overexpression of miR-205 in A498 cells resulted in induction of G₀/G₁ cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, as indicated by decreased levels of cyclin D1 and c-Myc, suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in renal cancer cells. miR-205 also inhibited tumor cell growth in vivo. This is the first study showing that miR-205 inhibits proto-oncogenic SFKs, indicating a therapeutic potential of miR-205 in the treatment of renal cancer.
Alternative Forms of Taxation to Achieve Equitable Levels of Educational Expenditures (1973)

Pressures are increasing for reforms in financing of local government services. At the local level, the property tax is a major source of concern. Two major charges leveled against the property tax are (1) that the property tax is regressive and (2) that financing local government services through the property tax leads to inequities in services received. The charge that the property tax is regressive stems from the fact that it is a tax on wealth and not on income. The amount of real property owned by a person is not necessarily proportional to his ability to pay taxes. Several studies have shown that property taxes are regressive; i.e., that low-income families pay a greater percentage of their income for public services than do middle- and upper-income families.
Adaptive noise reduction using discrimination functions (1991)

A method of noise reduction based on discrimination function minimization (DFM) is presented. This method requires the definition of a function that discriminates between clean and noisy speech. A particular discrimination function is derived for a certain type of noise, such that the minimization of this function reduces the noise in the noisy speech signal. The DFM noise reduction method does not assume stationarity of the noise over an entire speech period. It is shown how an abrupt change in piecewise-stationary noise can be tracked. The method has been successfully applied to the reduction of automobile noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Primary Herpes Simplex Infection Following Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation (1980)

CARDIOPULMONARY resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that has been widely taught to medical and allied health personnel. Standard references on CPR have emphasized patient benefits without discussing risks or necessary follow-up precautions for the person performing or receiving resuscitation. We report a case of a primary herpes simplex infection acquired by a physician from mouth-to-mouth resuscitation of a patient with herpes simplex pneumonia. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 27-year-old male physician performed mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on a 51-year-old debilitated woman in respiratory arrest. Herpes simplex subsequently grew from a culture of her sputum. At autopsy, discrete ulcers containing multinucleated giant cells were seen on her tongue, trachea, and esophagus. An organizing pneumonia was found in both lungs, and herpes simplex, type 1, was cultured from lung tissue. Three days after the resuscitation, the physician noted tender, submental, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Discrete, painful, papulovesicular lesions appeared over his beard area on
Mutational analysis of disease relapse in patients allografted for acute myeloid leukemia (2016)

Disease relapse is the major cause of treatment failure after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify AML-associated genes prognostic of AML relapse post-allo-SCT, we resequenced 35 genes in 113 adults at diagnosis, 49 of whom relapsed. Two hundred sixty-two mutations were detected in 102/113 (90%) patients. An increased risk of relapse was observed in patients with mutations in <i>WT1</i> (<i>P</i> = .018), <i>DNMT3A</i> (<i>P</i> = .045), <i>FLT3 ITD</i> (<i>P</i> = .071), and <i>TP53</i> (<i>P</i> = .06), whereas mutations in <i>IDH1</i> were associated with a reduced risk of disease relapse (<i>P</i> = .018). In 29 patients, we additionally compared mutational profiles in bone marrow at diagnosis and relapse to study changes in clonal structure at relapse. In 13/29 patients, mutational profiles altered at relapse. In 9 patients, mutations present at relapse were not detected at diagnosis. In 15 patients, additional available pre-allo-SCT samples demonstrated that mutations identified posttransplant but not at diagnosis were detectable immediately prior to transplant in 2 of 15 patients. Taken together, these observations, if confirmed in larger studies, have the potential to inform the design of novel strategies to reduce posttransplant relapse highlighting the potential importance of post-allo-SCT interventions with a broad antitumor specificity in contrast to targeted therapies based on mutational profile at diagnosis.
Photoaddition of benzoxazole-2-thiones with alkenes (1996)

The photochemical reactions of the benzoxazole-2-thiones 6 have been examined. Irradiation of 3-unsubstituted benzoxazole-2-thione 6a in the presence of alkenes 2 gave 2-alkylated benzoxazoles 7, 9–15 and 8 (in the case of 2a). Irradiation of 3-substituted benzoxazole-2-thiones 6b–e and acrylonitrile 2f yielded the 2-alkylidenebenzoxazoles 17, 22 and 24–25. Irradiation of 6b–e in the presence of 1,1-di-and tetra-substituted alkenes 2a,c and e gave the amide derivatives 18–20, 23 and 26. The 3-(alk-ω-enyl)-benzoxazole-2-thiones 6g–i gave the lactam derivatives 28g–i upon irradiation. The formation of these photoproducts can be explained in terms of the intermediacy of amino spiro-thietanes, which are derived by [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of the CS bond of benzoxazole-2-thiones and the CC bond of alkenes.
Merbarone Inhibits the Catalytic Activity of Human Topoisomerase IIα by Blocking DNA Cleavage (1998)

Merbarone is a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II that is in clinical trials as an anticancer agent. Despite the potential therapeutic value of this drug, the mechanism by which it blocks topoisomerase II activity has not been delineated. Therefore, to determine the mechanistic basis for the inhibitory action of merbarone, the effects of this drug on individual steps of the catalytic cycle of human topoisomerase IIalpha were assessed. Concentrations of merbarone that inhibited catalytic activity >/=80% had no effect on either enzyme.DNA binding or ATP hydrolysis. In contrast, the drug was a potent inhibitor of enzyme-mediated DNA scission (in the absence or presence of ATP), and the inhibitory profiles of merbarone for DNA cleavage and relaxation were similar. These data indicate that merbarone acts primarily by blocking topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage. Merbarone inhibited DNA scission in a global (rather than site-specific) fashion but did not appear to intercalate into DNA or bind in the minor groove. Since the drug competed with etoposide (a cleavage-enhancing agent that binds directly to topoisomerase II), it is proposed that merbarone exerts its inhibitory effects through interactions with the enzyme and that the drug shares an interaction domain on topoisomerase II with cleavage-enhancing agents.
Natural and Synthetic Huperzine A: Effect on Cholinergic Function <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i><i>a</i> (1993)

Huperzine A has been shown to be useful in the treatment of symptoms of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Our initial attempts to synthesize (-)Huperzine A resulted in the racemic mixture of (+/-)Huperzine A. We have therefore compared the in vitro and in vivo effects of (+/-)Huperzine A with those of (-)Huperzine A in rats. The results indicate a similar biological mechanism of action between the two, but that the racemic mixture of (+/-)Huperzine A has a weaker biological activity than the natural product (-)Huperzine A, presumably due to the presence in the mixture of (+)Huperzine A, which is considerably less potent than the (-)isomer.
Human papillomavirus type specific DNA and RNA persistence—implications for cervical disease progression and monitoring (2004)

In 2000, we monitored the course and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in 54 women who were HPV positive and free of any cytological disease using HPV-DNA genotyping with a linear array assay (baseline). The impact of HPV infection on development of cervical cytological abnormality (dyskaryosis) was monitored by repeat HPV genotyping and cytological assessment 2 years later. Detection of mRNA transcripts of known HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 using NASBA methodology and specific molecular beacons for five common HPV types was also performed at both time points. A total of 11/54 (20%) women developed dyskaryosis after 2 years with 31/54 and 23/54 women exhibiting transient and persistent infections respectively, as monitored by DNA genotyping. Women who maintained type-specific persistent HPV infection were significantly more likely to develop dyskaryosis compared to those who exhibited a transient infection (P = 0.001). The presence of HPV mRNA E6/E7 transcripts was less sensitive but more specific for the detection of disease at follow up. Moreover, women who were DNA positive and also positive for mRNA transcripts at baseline were significantly more likely to harbour persistent infection compared to those in whom DNA only was detected at baseline (P = 0.013). This study highlights the importance of detecting persistent type specific HPV infection to identify those women more at risk of developing cervical abnormalities, either by repeated DNA genotyping, or potentially by RNA based techniques that may be more predictive of persistent infection if performed at a single time point.
The pro‐sequence facilitates folding of human nerve growth factor from<i>Escherichia coli</i>inclusion bodies (2001)

Nerve growth factor (beta-NGF), a neurotrophin required for the development and survival of specific neuronal populations, is translated as a prepro-protein in vivo. While the presequence mediates translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum, the function of the pro-peptide is so far unknown. As the pro-sequences of several proteins are known to promote folding of the mature part, the renaturation behaviour of recombinant human beta-NGF pro-protein was compared to that of the mature form. Expression of rh-pro-NGF in Escherichia coli led to the formation of inclusion bodies (IBs). The presence of the covalently attached pro-sequence significantly increased the yield and rate of refolding with concomitant disulfide bond formation when compared to the in vitro refolding of mature NGF (rh-NGF). Physicochemical characterization revealed that rh-pro-NGF is a dimer. The pro-peptide could be removed by limited proteolysis with trypsin yielding biologically active, mature rh-NGF. Furthermore, rh-pro-NGF exhibited biological activity in the same concentration range as rh-NGF.
Methane Steam Reforming over a Ni/NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Model Catalyst—Kinetics (2014)

Abstract The steam reforming reaction of methane to synthesis gas (CO and H 2 ) was investigated in a very broad steam‐to‐carbon (S/C) ratio range (0.2–7.1) over a Ni/NiAl 2 O 4 catalyst at 843, 858, and 873 K. The dataset includes 179 data points at each temperature giving a detailed insight in the gradual change of kinetic orders in both methane and steam with changing S/C ratios as well as with total reactant partial pressures at differential conversion levels. At low S/C ratios, steam dominates the kinetics with high kinetic orders (low for methane) and vice versa for methane at high S/C ratios. The extent of the water gas shift reaction was assessed by 13 CO 2 co‐feed experiments and thermodynamic modelling and found to be not in equilibrium. A change in the kinetic isotope effect (i.e., inverse and normal), as well as the apparent activation energy, was observed depending on the applied S/C ratios. The experimental data were satisfactorily described by a Langmuir–Hinshelwood expression.
Mature embryo-derived wheat transformation with major stress-modulated antioxidant target gene (2010)

The mature embryos of fourteen elite winter wheat cultivars have been transformed by a biolistic approach. The gene coding for ?-glutamylcysteine synthetase (EC 6.3.2.2) was used as a transgene in order to obtain stable transformants resistant to drought stress. A binary vector, pBinarUTRECS, was used. The gene was under the control of the CaMV35S promoter region. GUS::GFP gene fusion was used as a reporter system and nptII served as a selectable marker gene. A high regeneration capacity of callus tissue under the selective pressure and successful GUS assay of transformed tissue were an indication of successful insertion of a transgene into mature embryo derived wheat tissue. .
DC link current in PWM inverters withunbalancedand non-linear loads (1999)

A method is described for calculating the DC link currents of a three-phase inverter for unbalanced, balanced, linear and non-linear loads. The derived equations give the magnitude and phase of the mth DC link current harmonic in terms of the phase currents and the Fourier coefficients of the inverter phase voltage. The derived equations are validated using a 1 kW three-phase inverter with various balanced/unbalanced linear and non-linear loads.
Ciliate Ingestion and Digestion: Flow Cytometric Measurements and Regrowth of a Digestion‐Resistant <scp><i>C</i></scp><i>ampylobacter jejuni</i> (2011)

We measured ingestion and digestion rates of the pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni by a freshwater ciliate Colpoda sp. to determine whether Campylobacter is able to resist protist digestion. Campylobacter and the nonpathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas putida LH1 were labeled with a 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate, which fluoresces in intact and active cells but fades when exposed to low pH environments, such as protistan food vacuoles. Ingestion and digestion rates were measured via flow cytometry as the change in ciliate fluorescence over time, which corresponded to the quantity of intracellular bacteria. The rate of Campylobacter ingestion exceeded the digestion rate. Ciliates retained labeled Campylobacter 5 h after ingestion was stopped. In contrast, ciliates grazing upon P. putida returned to baseline fluorescence within 5 h, indicating that P. putida were completely digested. The ability of intracellular Campylobacter to remain viable after ingestion was tested by sorting individual ciliates and bacterial cells into Campylobacter-selective media. Campylobacter growth occurred in 15% (± 5 SE) of wells seeded with highly fluorescent ciliates, whereas only 4% (± 1) of wells seeded with free-living Campylobacter exhibited growth. A key advantage of this approach is that it is rapid and should be applicable to other phagocytotis studies.
Catalytic alkene cyclohydroamination via an imido mechanism (2008)

Chiral-at-metal half-sandwich diamide complexes catalyse enantioselective cyclohydroamination of aminoalkenes at unexpectedly high rates given their high coordination number and steric bulk; substantial evidence is presented which argues against the established sigma-bond insertion process and is strongly indicative of an imido [2+2] cycloaddition mechanism.