gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Privacy-preserving regression algorithms (2007)

Abstract. Regression is arguably the most applied data analysis method. Today there are many scenarios where data for attributes that corre-spond to predictor variables and the response variable itself are dis-tributed among several parties that do not trust each other. Privacy-preserving data mining has grown rapidly studying the scenarios where data is vertically partitioned. While algorithms have been developed for many tasks (like clustering, association-rule mining and classification), for regression, the case of only two parties remains open. Also open is the most interesting case when the response variable is to be kept private. This paper provides the first set of algorithms that solves these cases. Our algorithms are practical and only require a commodity server (a supplier of random values) that does not collude with the parties. Our protocols are secure in the spirit of the the semi-honest model. 1
Measuring Latency for Video Surveillance Systems (2009)

The increased flexibility and other benefits offered by IP network cameras makes them a common choice for installation in new and expanded surveillance networks. One commonly quoted limitation of IP cameras is their high latency when compared to their analogue counterparts. This causes some reluctance to install or upgrade to digital cameras, and is slowing the adoption of live, intelligent analysis techniques in video surveillance systems. This paper presents methods for measurement of the latency in systems based upon digital IP or analogue cameras. These methods are camera-agnostic and require no specialised hardware. We use these methods to compare a variety of camera models. The results demonstrate that whilst analogue cameras do have a lower latency, most IP cameras are within acceptable tolerances. The source of the latency within an IP camera is also analysed, with prospects for improvement identified.
Functional dissection of the Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope protein gp70 (1997)

The envelope protein of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) is a complex glycoprotein that mediates receptor binding and entry via fusion with cell membranes. By using a series of substitution mutations and truncations in the Mo-MLV external envelope surface protein gp70, we have identified regions important for these processes. Firstly, truncations of gp70 revealed that the minimal continuous receptor-binding region is amino acids 9 to 230, in broad agreement with other studies. Secondly, within this region there are two key basic amino acids, Arg-83 and Arg-95, that are essential for receptor binding and may interact with a negatively charged residue(s) or with the pi electrons of the aromatic ring on a hydrophobic residue(s) in the basic amino acid transporter protein that is the Mo-MLV ecotropic receptor. Finally, we showed that outside the minimal receptor-binding region at amino acids 2 to 8, there is a region that is essential for postbinding fusion events.
2-(Alkylamino)tetralin derivatives: interaction with 5-HT1A serotonin binding sites (1989)

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) is a selective 5-HT1A serotonin agonist. Derivatives of 8-OH-DPAT with amine substituents larger or more bulky than n-propyl appear to be inactive in a presynaptic biochemical assay measuring agonist-induced feedback inhibition of 5-HT synthesis but have never been examined in brain binding assays. A series of N-phenylalkyl derivatives of 8-methoxy-2-aminotetralin was evaluated at [3H]-8-OH-DPAT-labeled 5-HT1A sites in rat brain hippocampal membranes. All of the phenylalkyl derivatives displayed significant affinity for these sites and, of the agents examined, the 3-phenylpropyl 8-hydroxy analogue appears to be optimal and had an affinity (Ki = 1.9 nM) comparable to that of 8-OH-DPAT (Ki = 1.2 nM). In addition, the presence of an oxygen-containing substituent at the 8-position of the tetralin ring is not necessary for good affinity, and secondary amines and tertiary amines displayed equal affinity at central 5-HT1A binding sites. 5-HT1A sites are found both pre- and postsynaptically; thus, differences observed in the biochemical assay as compared to the results of the present binding study could be due to different structural requirements of these two receptors. This seems unlikely, however, because there was little difference in the affinities of several selected analogues for striatal versus hippocampal binding sites. Because we have now demonstrated that amine substituents larger than propyl, and an unsubstituted 8-position, are well tolerated by central 5-HT1A sites, future studies aimed at the development of new serotonergic tetralin analogues need not be limited to N-propyl or 8-hydroxy derivatives of 2-aminotetralin.
Expression of Macrophage MARCO Receptor Induces Formation of Dendritic Plasma Membrane Processes (1999)

MARCO is a novel macrophage-specific receptor structurally related to macrophage class A scavenger receptors. It is constitutively expressed in macrophages of the marginal zone of the spleen and in lymph nodes and is up-regulated in other tissues during systemic bacterial infections. In this study, we show that ectopic expression of MARCO in cell lines such as Chinese hamster ovary, HeLa, NIH3T3, and 293 induces dramatic cell shape changes. Typically these changes include formation of large lamellipodia-like structures and of long dendritic processes. The morphological changes are accompanied by disassembly of actin stress fibers and often also by complete loss of focal adhesions. The MARCO-induced changes are dependent on cell adhesion and are inhibited, but not completely abolished, when the cells are plated on fibronectin-coated surfaces. Similarly, a dominant-negative mutant of the Rho family GTPase Rac1 partially inhibited the morphogenic effects of MARCO in Chinese hamster ovary cells, whereas a dominant-negative form of a related protein, Cdc42, did not. Expression studies with a variety of truncated MARCO forms indicated that the proximal segment of the cysteine-rich domain V is important for the morphoregulatory activity. The results indicate that expression of MARCO has a direct effect in generating the phenotype of activated macrophages necessary for the trapping and removal of pathogens and other foreign substances.
Influence of the Chemical Structure of MADIX Agents on the RAFT Polymerization of Styrene (2003)

Xanthates (MADIX agents) are an important class of RAFT agents. Currently, they are the only “living” agent that can be successfully used in a classical ab inito emulsion polymerization (i.e., where surfactant micelles are used as mircoreactors for polymerization), in which novel nanostructures can be prepared. The composition and molecular weight distribution (MWD) controls to a large extent the morphology of these nanostructures. A key factor that controls the MWD is the chain transfer ability of the MADIX agents. Three MADIX agents with different leaving groups (methyl benzyl or ethyl propionyl) and different activating moieties (O-ethyl or O-trifluoroethyl) were examined for their chain transfer ability in the homopolymerization of styrene. The chain transfer constants, Ctr, were determined using both the Mayo and chain length distribution methods. This is the first comprehensive study in which accurate activation parameters for MADIX agents have been elucidated for styrene polymerizations. The activation parameters from both methods showed that changing the Z group on the MADIX agent from a OCH2CH3 (Ctr = 0.69) to a OCH2CF3 (Ctr=3.5) lowered the Ea,tr by at least 5 kJ mol-1. This suggests that when the electron-withdrawing power on the Z group is increased, the reactivity of polystyrene radicals toward the SC bond is also increased. This is opposite to what is found when electron-donating Z groups are used (e.g., phenyl or benzyl groups), in which the Ctr values are actually orders of magnitude greater than for OCH2CF3, suggesting that the radical reactions to RAFT agents is more complex than to CC bonds. It is postulated that the transition state of the intermediate radical plays an important role in the overall Ctr value. The confidence contour plots showed that the activation parameters for the O-ethyl xanthates with different leaving groups (C(CH3)Ph and C(CH3)CO2Et) were completely overlapping, suggesting that these leaving groups have little or no effect on the Ctr values. The O-trifluoroethyl xanthate allows the preparation of polymers with controlled molecular weights and low polydispersities close to 1.4 to be prepared, which is a distinct improvement on the first generation MADIX agents, O-ethyl xanthates (polydispersity close to 2).
Implementing a QoS-aware, context-aware and personalized WebTV (2010)

This paper presents the design of a HTTP Adaptive Streaming WebTV Client, featuring smooth media Rate Adaptation, context Personalization, fast program channel switching and Terminal/Network Portability capabilities. The QoS-Awareness during streaming is achieved dynamically by a regulating technique that takes into account network conditions, user's device capabilities and the context of viewing. By dynamically optimizing the video quality experienced by the user, the solution provides an excellent streaming application and protocol for heterogeneous network environments.
The control of tomato canker [Corynebacterium michiganense (ERW. SMITH) JENSEN] (1959)

Agrimycin 100, albamycin, bacitracin, endomycin, penicillin G, Phytomycin, polymixin B, streptomycin-sulphate, Terramycin-HCl and thiolutin were tested for their ability to control tomato canker, caused by Corynebacterium michiganense. No encouraging results were obtained when the plants were treated after infection had taken place and it was possible only to postpone wilting by means of albamycin. Good results were obtained by treating plants prior to infection. Albamycin and its mixtures with streptomycin and Terramycin gave the best results. The rate of infection was decreased from 80.8 and 70.4 per cent to 19.1 and 7.4 per cent during 1956-57 and 1957-58 respectively. When used as seed protectants, all the antibiotics with the exception of penicillin G, reduced the number of infected plants to negligible proportions.
First Synthesis of <i>C. difficile</i> PS-II Cell Wall Polysaccharide Repeating Unit (2010)

Clostridium difficile is the most commonly diagnosed cause of nosocomial diarrhea with increasing incidence and mortality among elderly and hospitalized patients. We report the first synthesis of the surface polysaccharide PS-II repeating unit and its nonphosphorylated analogue, with a linker for conjugation, via a (4 + 2) convergent approach from a common AB(D)C tetrasaccharide intermediate.
Recombination of atoms at surfaces. Part 5.—Oxygen atoms at oxide surfaces (1959)

J. C. Greaves and J. W. Linnett, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1959, 55, 1346 DOI: 10.1039/TF9595501346
Direct Electrical Detection of Dissolved Biotinylated Horseradish Peroxidase, Biotin, and Avidin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect Electrical Detection of Dissolved Biotinylated Horseradish Peroxidase, Biotin, and AvidinMark. Vreeke, Patrick. Rocca, and Adam. HellerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 2, 303–306Publication Date (Print):January 15, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00098a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00098a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views331Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Towards Accountable AI: Hybrid Human-Machine Analyses for Characterizing System Failure (2018)

As machine learning systems move from computer-science laboratories into the open world, their accountability becomes a high priority problem. Accountability requires deep understanding of system behavior and its failures. Current evaluation methods such as single-score error metrics and confusion matrices provide aggregate views of system performance that hide important shortcomings. Understanding details about failures is important for identifying pathways for refinement, communicating the reliability of systems in different settings, and for specifying appropriate human oversight and engagement. Characterization of failures and shortcomings is particularly complex for systems composed of multiple machine learned components. For such systems, existing evaluation methods have limited expressiveness in describing and explaining the relationship among input content, the internal states of system components, and final output quality. We present Pandora, a set of hybrid human-machine methods and tools for describing and explaining system failures. Pandora leverages both human and system-generated observations to summarize conditions of system malfunction with respect to the input content and system architecture. We share results of a case study with a machine learning pipeline for image captioning that show how detailed performance views can be beneficial for analysis and debugging.
Carrier dynamics and design optimization of electrolyte-induced inversion layer carbon nanotube-silicon Schottky junction solar cell (2012)

Carrier dynamics of the electrolyte-induced inversion layer carbon nanotube-silicon Schottky junction solar cells is explored by numerical simulations. Operation mechanisms of the solar cells with and without the electrolyte-induced inversion layer are presented and compared, which clarifies the current flow mechanisms in a solar cell with an induced inversion layer. A heavily doped back contact layer can behave as a hole block layer. In addition to lowering contact resistance and surface recombination, it is particularly useful for improving carrier separation in an electrolyte-induced inversion layer solar cell or a metal-insulator-semiconductor grating solar cell.
Digestibility of Structural Carbohydrates in Cool‐Season Grass and Legume Forages (1991)

Structural carbohydrates of forages are not completely digestible by ruminants. The nature of the limitation and interrelationships among digestibility of structural carbohydrates are poorly understood. This field study was conducted to determine digestion kinetics of cell‐wall carbohydrates to better understand these interrelationships. Leaves and stems of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L.), smooth bromegrass ( Bromus inermis Leyss.), and orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.) were sampled in late May, and stems were again sampled 6 wk later. Plant samples were incubated in buffered rumen fluid for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and digestion kinetics were determined for neutral‐detergent fiber (NDF) and cell‐wall carbohydrates. Potentially digestible cellulose as a proportion of total cellulose decreased to a greater extent with age in grass (53%) than in legume (22%) stems. Hemicellulose often was more digestible than cellulose. However, cell‐wall glucose, the principal component of cellulose, was more digestible than xylose, the principal component of hemicellulose. Conversely, the remaining neutral sugars associated with hemicellulose generally were more digestible than glucose. Xylose had the lowest digestibility of the neutral sugars, which was as low as 17% in legume stems. Arabinose digestibility was >60%, even in highly lignified stems, suggesting that not more than a small portion is bonded to lignin. Across plant parts, a close relationship existed between glucose and xylose digestibilities with coefficients of determination of 0.94, suggesting that they may mutually limit each other's digestibility. With stem aging of grass, NDF rate of digestion was reduced from 0.076 to 0.042 h −1 by a decrease in hemicellulose rate of digestion from 0.146 to 0.060 h −1 .
Isolation of Mitochondria from Tissue Culture Cells (2014)

The number of mitochondria per cell varies substantially from cell line to cell line. For example, human HeLa cells contain at least twice as many mitochondria as smaller mouse L cells. This protocol starts with a washed cell pellet of 1-2 mL derived from ∼10⁹ cells grown in culture. The cells are swollen in a hypotonic buffer and ruptured with a Dounce or Potter-Elvehjem homogenizer using a tight-fitting pestle, and mitochondria are isolated by differential centrifugation.
The Structure of Hydrotris(imidazolyl)boratothallium(I) - the First Structurally Authenticated Tris(imidazolyl)borate Metal Complex (2000)

The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 8.706(1), b = 9.192(1), c = 15.261(2) Å, β = 94.740(3)°, V = 1217.0(3) Å3, Z = 4, Dcalc = 2.278 g cm–3. The tris(imidazolyl)borate ligand bridges between three thallium atoms. The structure consists of one-dimensional twisted ladder-like strands.
A full compensating system for general loads, based on a combination of thyristor binary compensator, and a pwm-igbt active power filter (2003)

A full compensating system for distribution networks, able to eliminate harmonics, correct unbalanced loads, and generate or absorb reactive power, is presented. The system is based on a combination of a thyristor binary compensator (TBC), and a pulsewidth-modulation insulated gate bipolar transistor active power filter (APF) connected in cascade. The TBC compensates the fundamental reactive power and balances the load connected to the system. The APF eliminates the harmonics and compensates the small amounts of load unbalances or power factor that the TBC cannot eliminate due to its binary condition. The TBC is based on a chain of binary-scaled capacitors and one inductor per phase. This topology allows, with an adequate number of capacitors, a soft variation of reactive power compensation and a negligible generation of harmonics. The capacitors are switched on when the line voltage reaches its peak value, avoiding inrush currents generation. The inductor helps to balance the load, and absorbs reactive power when required. The APF works measuring the source currents, forcing them to be sinusoidal. The two converters (TBC and APF) work independently, making the control of the system simpler and more reliable. Simulations show that the system is able to respond to many kinds of transient perturbations in no more than a couple of cycles. The paper analyzes the circuit proposed, the way it works and shows some experimental results obtained under operation.
Triply convergent synthesis of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-24(R)-fluorocholecalciferol (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriply convergent synthesis of 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxy-24(R)-fluorocholecalciferolShian Jan Shiuey, John J. Partridge, and Milan R. UskokovicCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5, 1040–1046Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00240a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00240a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1087Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Herpes Simplex Virus Vector–Mediated Enkephalin Gene Therapy on Bladder Overactivity and Nociception (2013)

We previously reported the effects of herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector-mediated enkephalin on bladder overactivity and pain. In this study, we evaluated the effects of vHPPE (E1G6-ENK), a newly engineered replication-deficient HSV vector encoding human preproenkephalin (hPPE). vHPPE or control vector was injected into the bladder wall of female rats 2 weeks prior to the following studies. A reverse-transcription PCR study showed high hPPE transgene levels in L6 dorsal root ganglia innervating the bladder in the vHPPE group. The number of freezing behaviors, which is a nociceptive reaction associated with bladder pain, was also significantly lower in the vHPPE group compared with the control group. The number of L6 spinal cord c-fos-positive cells and the urinary interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels after resiniferatoxin (RTx) administration into the bladder of the vHPPE group were significantly lower compared with those of the control vector-injected group. In continuous cystometry, the vHPPE group showed a smaller reduction in intercontraction interval after RTx administration into the bladder. This antinociceptive effect was antagonized by naloxone hydrochloride. Thus, the HSV vector vHPPE encoding hPPE demonstrated physiological improvement in visceral pain induced by bladder irritation. Gene therapy may represent a potentially useful treatment modality for bladder hypersensitive disorders such as bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.
A Programmable Lens-Array Antenna With Monolithically Integrated MEMS Switches (2009)

This paper describes a reconfigurable millimeter-wave lens-array antenna based on monolithically integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches. This device is constructed as a planar array of 2-bit programmable MEMS antenna-filter-antenna (AFA) unit cells that are used to provide a 1-D programmable ldquoaperture transfer functionrdquo between the input and output wavefronts. The fully integrated device consists of 484 (22 times 22) AFA elements and 2420 switches. Switches, bias lines, antennas, and the rest of the RF structure are fabricated on two quartz wafers (epsiv <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</i> = 3.8, tandelta = 0.002) that are subsequently stacked using adhesive bonding to form the tri-layer metal structure of the AFA array. The bonded structure also forms a package for the MEMS switches. This paper investigates the design and fabrication issues and presents the measured data related to yield and frequency response of this lens-array. It also characterizes the performance of this device as a steerable antenna. Measured results show that this lens-array can be used to steer the beam of a low gain horn antenna to plusmn40deg in either the E- or the H-plane. For the fabricated prototype, the yield is estimated to be 50% for the best region of the array, resulting in a relatively high insertion loss and sidelobe level.