gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simplified space-mapping approach to enhancement of microwave device models (2006)

In this article, we present advances in microwave and RF device modeling exploiting the space mapping (SM) technology. New SM-based modeling techniques are proposed that are easy to implement entirely in the Agilent ADS framework. A simplified SM-based model description is discussed. Using a two-section transformer example, we show how the modeling accuracy is affected by the model flexibility. Tables, diagrams, and flowcharts are developed to help in understanding the concepts. This makes the SM modeling concept available to engineers through widely used commercial software. Our approach permits the creation of library models that can be used for model enhancement of microwave elements. Frequency-interpolation techniques are discussed and implemented. A set of four different SM-based models is presented along with corresponding implementations in the ADS schematic for a microstrip right-angle bend and a microstrip shaped T-junction. We use a three-section transformer to illustrate the implementation procedure in full details. We apply the technique to a more complicated HTS filter modeling problem. Fine-model data is obtained from Sonnet's em. We discuss the relation between the model complexity and accuracy as well as further improvement of the model. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2006.
Can Vasopressin Decrease the Blood Loss in Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy?-A Randomized Study (2003)

Background: To investigate whether vasopressin used during laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy could decrease blood loss without increasing complications. Methods: Eighty-three patients undergoing laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) were randomly divided into 2 groups. Each group received type II laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy. The first group (n=42) received submucosal vasopressin (5 units in 40 ml normal saline) injection circumferentially around the cervix. The second group (n=41) received submucosal 40 ml normal saline injection by the same condition. Results: The 2 groups were very similar with regard to their demographics, preoperative diagnosis, and relevant findings at surgery. The blood loss in the vasopressin and control groups were 245±124 mL and 257±110 mL (mean±SD) respectively. The mean postoperative decrease of hemoglobin/hematocrit in the vasopressin group (1.1±0.8mg/dL/3.9±2.7%) and control group (1.4±1.3mg/dL/5.3±3.2%) are not different statistically. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with respect to possible confounding variables or surgical complications. Conclusions: Injection of vasopressin at the time of laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy does not significantly reduce blood loss.
Glucocorticoid‐induced tumour necrosis factor receptor family‐related receptor signalling exacerbates hapten‐induced colitis by CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells (2006)

The glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor family related gene (GITR) has been reported to be expressed on the activated T and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). Signalling triggered by GITR not only neutralizes the suppressive effect of Treg cells, but also augments activation, proliferation and cytokine production of effector T cells. To test the role of GITR in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis - a murine model of mucosal inflammation - TNBS-injected Balb/c mice were treated with agonistic anti-GITR monoclonal antibody (mAb). Anti-GITR treatment increased the death rate compared to rat IgG-treated mice. Typically, death occurred within 4 days after the TNBS injection when the mice were treated with anti-GITR. The mice that survived anti-GITR treatment suffered from severe inflammation in their entire intestines. CD4(+) T-depletion protected the mice from colitis; even an anti-GITR effect was not apparent. In contrast, CD8(+) T depletion showed less protective than did CD4(+) T depletion. Stimulation of GITR enhanced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12. It also enhanced the humoral response such as serum levels of IgG(2b) and IgA, which was completely dependent on CD4(+) T cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated that GITR signalling on CD4(+) T cells is involved in the development and progress of colitis by enhancing both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 type responses.
The Collagen Triple-Helix: Correlation of Conformation with Biological Activities (1995)

Collagens are distinguished from other extracellular matrix proteins by their triple-helical conformation. Triple-helical conformation has been proposed to be important for cellular activities, such as adhesion and activation, extracellular matrix assembly, and enzyme function, such as hydroxylation of collagen Lys and Pro residues and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) catabolism of native collagens. A collagen-like triple-helix is also a necessary component of several macrophage cell surface receptors. Collagen-mediated cellular and/or enzymatic activities that (i) require an intact triple-helix, (ii) require a denatured triple-helix, or (iii) are "conformationally independent" of the state of the triple-helix have been documented. Recently developed synthetic protocols have allowed for the study of biological activities of specific collagen sequences in triple-helical conformation.
Adenosine kinase inhibition selectively promotes rodent and porcine islet β-cell replication (2012)

Diabetes is a pathological condition characterized by relative insulin deficiency, persistent hyperglycemia, and, consequently, diffuse micro- and macrovascular disease. One therapeutic strategy is to amplify insulin-secretion capacity by increasing the number of the insulin-producing β cells without triggering a generalized proliferative response. Here, we present the development of a small-molecule screening platform for the identification of molecules that increase β-cell replication. Using this platform, we identify a class of compounds [adenosine kinase inhibitors (ADK-Is)] that promote replication of primary β cells in three species (mouse, rat, and pig). Furthermore, the replication effect of ADK-Is is cell type-selective: treatment of islet cell cultures with ADK-Is increases replication of β cells but not that of α cells, PP cells, or fibroblasts. Short-term in vivo treatment with an ADK-I also increases β-cell replication but not exocrine cell or hepatocyte replication. Therefore, we propose ADK inhibition as a strategy for the treatment of diabetes.
Dialog Support for Totally Deafblind Persons by Conveying Back-channels through Vibration (2010)

We conducted an experiment using a vibration system using which a totally deafblind participant, communicating through an interpreter, could directly receive back-channel feedback from a conversational partner. Statistical analysis of the interaction structure showed that the back-channel vibration increased the participant's turn-taking ability and interactivity during the communication. Moreover, from a qualitative analysis of the video data, we found that the experience of receiving back-channel feedback caused a change in his haptic behavior with respect to that during normal communication. Our results indicate that the low mental workload and learnability of this vibration system allows deafblind persons to improve their communication. In parallel with the experiment using a vibrator, we conducted a questionnaire survey among the interpreters, questioning them on their interpretation behavior.
Wavelets, subband coding, and best bases (1996)

The emergence of wavelets has led to a convergence of linear expansion methods used in signal processing and applied mathematics. In particular, subband coding methods and their associated filters are closely related to wavelet constructions. We first review such constructions with a signal processing perspective. We then discuss the idea behind signal adapted bases and associated algorithms before showing how wavelets and subband coding methods are used in signal compression applications.
The murine interleukin‐2 receptor γ chain gene: Organization, chromosomal localization and expression in the adult thymus (1994)

Defects in the interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL-2R gamma) chain in the man result in an X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency, SCIDX1, characterized by an absence of T-cell differentiation. This phenotype may result from pertubations in IL-2, IL-4-, IL-7- or IL-15-mediated signaling, as the IL-2R gamma chain forms an integral component of these receptor systems. We have isolated and characterized cDNA and genomic clones for the murine IL-2R gamma. The gene (Il2rg) is well conserved between mouse and man with respect to overall structure and size, and contains regions of high conservation in the promoter region as well. Il2rg maps to mouse X chromosome region 40, in a region of synteny with human Xq12-13.1. We have also explored the expression of the IL-2R gamma during thymocyte development. IL-2R gamma transcripts are detected in the earliest thymocyte precursor cells and persist throughout intrathymic development into the mature peripheral compartment. Genomic clones for the murine IL-2R gamma will allow for further studies on the regulation and function of this gene in vivo.
Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury With a Machine Learning Algorithm Using Electronic Health Record Data (2018)

The results of these experiments suggest that a machine learning-based AKI prediction tool may offer important prognostic capabilities for determining which patients are likely to suffer AKI, potentially allowing clinicians to intervene before kidney damage manifests.
Chemotherapy-Induced Tissue Injury: An Insight into the Role of Extracellular Vesicles-Mediated Oxidative Stress Responses (2017)

The short- and long-term side effects of chemotherapy limit the maximum therapeutic dose and impair quality of life of survivors. Injury to normal tissues, especially chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy, is an unintended outcome that presents devastating health impacts. Approximately half of the drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for cancer treatment are associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species, and Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of them. Dox undergoes redox cycling by involving its quinone structure in the production of superoxide free radicals, which are thought to be instrumental to the role it plays in cardiomyopathy. Dox-induced protein oxidation changes protein function, translocation, and aggregation that are toxic to cells. To maintain cellular homeostasis, oxidized proteins can be degraded intracellularly by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway or by autophagy, depending on the redox status of the cell. Alternatively, the cell can remove oxidized proteins by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be transferred to neighboring or distant cells, thereby instigating an intercellular oxidative stress response. In this article, we discuss the role of EVs in oxidative stress response, the potential of EVs as sensitive biomarkers of oxidative stress, and the role of superoxide dismutase in attenuating EV-associated oxidative stress response resulting from chemotherapy.
A Nasal Catheter for the Measurement of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide in Spontaneously Breathing Patients (2010)

Our results suggest that a balloon-tipped nasal catheter can provide a simple, easy, and reliable method for Petco(2) measurement in nontracheally intubated, spontaneously breathing patients.
Tuning the HOMO and LUMO Energy Levels of Organic Chromophores for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (2007)

A series of organic chromophores have been synthesized in order to approach optimal energy level composition in the TiO2-dye-iodide/triiodide system in the dye-sensitized solar cells. HOMO and LUMO energy level tuning is achieved by varying the conjugation between the triphenylamine donor and the cyanoacetic acid acceptor. This is supported by spectral and electrochemical experiments and TDDFT calculations. These results show that energetic tuning of the chromophores was successful and fulfilled the thermodynamic criteria for dye-sensitized solar cells, electrical losses depending on the size and orientation of the chromophores were observed.
Coloring gray-scale image using artificial neural networks (2009)

This paper presents a novel method on coloring the grayscale images. For this purpose, a combination of artificial neural networks and some image processing algorithms was developed to transfer colors from a user-selected source image to a target grayscale image. According to the results of this combining method, a survey where volunteers were asked to rate the plausibility of the colorings generated automatically was performed for individual images. In most cases automatically-colored images were rated either as totally or mostly acceptable.
gNOSIS: A Board-Level Debugging and Verification Tool (2010)

It is notoriously hard to verify and debug the final, board-level implementation of FPGA designs. The task involves manual intervention and creativity, unpredictable time costs, and it is further complicated by side-effects of the monitoring circuits inserted into the Design Under Test (DUT). In this paper, we introduce gNOSIS, an automated tool for board-level debugging and verification of FPGA designs. gNOSIS uses the Capture/Read back features of the FPGA to checkpoint the entire state of the circuit with little or no modification to the DUT. The tool then correlates the design registers provided in the net list with their state in the FPGA configuration memory, and with the expected state. If the states match, execution proceeds by restoring the state of the FPGA and continuing execution for a set number of cycles. When an error is encountered, the time and location of the error is reported and the last good checkpoint is used for further debugging. gNOSIS eliminates the manual labor and long wait times required by currently available tools (e.g. Chip scope), and provides greater visibility at a lower cost. More importantly, it provides the required infrastructure for more intelligent debugging techniques, such as those based on assertions or formal methods.
Beneficial effects on host energy metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and vitamins produced by commensal and probiotic bacteria (2017)

The aim of this review is to summarize the effect in host energy metabolism of the production of B group vitamins and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by commensal, food-grade and probiotic bacteria, which are also actors of the mammalian nutrition. The mechanisms of how these microbial end products, produced by these bacterial strains, act on energy metabolism will be discussed. We will show that these vitamins and SCFA producing bacteria could be used as tools to recover energy intakes by either optimizing ATP production from foods or by the fermentation of certain fibers in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Original data are also presented in this work where SCFA (acetate, butyrate and propionate) and B group vitamins (riboflavin, folate and thiamine) production was determined for selected probiotic bacteria.
Plastic Strain Determination With Nonlinear Ultrasonic Waves Using <italic>In Situ</italic> Integrated Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers (2017)

The detection of plastic deformation of metallic alloy materials with second-harmonic Rayleigh ultrasonic wave is first investigated using direct-write piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers, in which piezoelectric poly(vinylidenefluoride/ trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF/TrFE)] polymer coatings and electrodes are directly deposited, processed, and patterned on the alloy to be evaluated. Rayleigh ultrasonic signals, generated by the direct-write transducers on titanium alloy specimens, are characterized by a laser scanning vibrometer. The results show that acoustic nonlinearity increases with plastic strain, and an increase of ~40% in the acoustic nonlinearity corresponding to a plastic strain of 5.1%. The measurement data and technical features with the use of the direct-write transducers are compared with the conventional discrete angle beam piezoelectric transducer. The results and analyses show that compared with the conventional discrete angle beam piezoelectric transducers, implementation of the direct-write piezoelectric transducers has significant technical advantages and is promising for applications in determining nonlinear ultrasonic waves and plastic strain of structural materials.
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Review, With a Focus on Practical Aspects of Treatment (2006)

Article Tools Review Articles Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2005.05.2456 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 16461779 Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Review, With a Focus on Practical Aspects of Treatment Maurie MarkmanxMaurie MarkmanSearch for articles by this author , Joan L. WalkerxJoan L. WalkerSearch for articles by this author Show More From The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and the Section of Gynecologic Oncology, the University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.05.2456 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2006 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Loss of H19 imprinting in esophageal cancer. (1996)

Recent articles have reported that loss of imprinting (LOI) of the endogenous gene H19 was frequently found in lung cancer and chorio-carcinoma, common adulthood cancers. Consequently, we examined the status of genomic imprinting of H19 in 29 esophageal and 48 colorectal cancer specimens, and studied its relation to the expression of H19. Of 12 esophageal cancer specimens heterozygous for the RsaI polymorphism, 6 (50%) exhibited LOI of H19, but none of the 18 colorectal cancer specimens heterozygous for the RsaI polymorphism exhibited LOI of H19. The present study suggests that LOI of H19 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer. Moreover, H19 expression was frequently abundant in both cancers, and all six esophageal cancers carried LOI with overexpressed H19. Therefore, this overexpression of H19 seems to be an important phenomenon for the development of esophageal and colorectal cancer cells.
Insights into the interaction of human arginase II with substrate and manganese ions by site‐directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies (2005)

To examine the interaction of human arginase II (EC 3.5.3.1) with substrate and manganese ions, the His120Asn, His145Asn and Asn149Asp mutations were introduced separately. About 53% and 95% of wild-type arginase activity were expressed by fully manganese activated species of the His120Asn and His145Asn variants, respectively. The K(m) for arginine (1.4-1.6 mM) was not altered and the wild-type and mutant enzymes were essentially inactive on agmatine. In contrast, the Asn149Asp mutant expressed almost undetectable activity on arginine, but significant activity on agmatine. The agmatinase activity of Asn149Asp (K(m) = 2.5 +/- 0.2 mM) was markedly resistant to inhibition by arginine. After dialysis against EDTA, the His120Asn variant was totally inactive in the absence of added Mn(2+) and contained < 0.1 Mn(2+).subunit(-1), whereas wild-type and His145Asn enzymes were half active and contained 1.1 +/- 0.1 Mn(2+).subunit(-1) and 1.3 +/- 0.1 Mn(2+).subunit(-1), respectively. Manganese reactivation of metal-free to half active species followed hyperbolic kinetics with K(d) of 1.8 +/- 0.2 x 10(-8) M for the wild-type and His145Asn enzymes and 16.2 +/- 0.5 x 10(-8) m for the His120Asn variant. Upon mutation, the chromatographic behavior, tryptophan fluorescence properties (lambda(max) = 338-339 nm) and sensitivity to thermal inactivation were not altered. The Asn149-->Asp mutation is proposed to generate a conformational change responsible for the altered substrate specificity of arginase II. We also conclude that, in contrast with arginase I, Mn(2+) (A) is the more tightly bound metal ion in arginase II.
Evaluation of power losses in different CCM mode single-phase boost PFC converters via a simulation tool (2002)

Evaluating the power loss in power semiconductors is an important step in the process of research, development and design of a power electronics circuit topology. This paper presents a way of doing this via computer simulation. It is based on relatively simple component models and a fast simulation tool, but can quite precisely estimate the loss in power semiconductors, including conduction loss, switching loss and loss caused by diode reverse recovery. Several different continuous-conduction-mode (CCM) single-phase power factor correction (PFC) topologies are studied with this simulation approach. The losses in the semiconductors and subsequently the efficiency of different topologies are evaluated and extensively compared. The simulation results reveal quantitative insight of the power losses in different topologies and also verify that this simulation approach is faster and more cost-effective than numerical calculation or experimental measurement approach.
To a question about ways of forming a signal for producing additional torque of electric power steering system (2006)

With a view of increase of dynamic accuracy of electric power steering system (EPSS) the following problems have been solved: the mathematical model with the account kinematic parts has been developed, the nature of dynamic mistakes has been revealed, the control's algorithm as a signal of the task for development of the compensating steering torque of the electric motor has been synthesized, allowing to form on the output shaft of the EPSS the moment proportional to the effort put to a steering wheel by the driver in static and dynamic modes. Reducerfree EPSS represents a mechatronic unit, which based on permanent magnet synchronous motor with built-in torque sensor. The control algorithm is rather simple and provides additional torque on output of the steering column proportionally to the torque which driver applies to a steering wheel. But the complexity consists in formation of a forward signal for motor's control to reduce the steering activity required of the driver and to save a realistic feeling of actual motoring conditions by compensating of design features of the mechatronic unit. We addressed this problem in two ways: by developing methods to compensate for the motor's inertia and elastic torque and by developing torque's measuring system. In particular, the control algorithm offered by authors improves self return of steering wheel, and the developed elements of the measuring system of EPSS simplify realization of control's algorithm and promote safety of drive.
Vero cell culture-derived pandemic influenza vaccines: preclinical and clinical development (2013)

Several subtypes of influenza A viruses with pandemic potential are endemic in bird populations throughout Asia, Africa and the Middle East, and evidence suggests that these viruses are adapting to the mammalian host. As emphasized by the high mortality rate of humans infected with H5N1 viruses, this situation presents a substantial risk to global human health. The Vero cell culture platform has been used to develop whole-virus influenza vaccines that provide broad cross-clade protection against viruses with pandemic potential, at low antigen doses, without the requirement for adjuvantation. The safety and immunogenicity of these vaccines has been demonstrated in studies with more than 10,000 individuals, including healthy adult and elderly subjects, children and various risk groups. These Vero cell-derived vaccines are licensed for prepandemic and pandemic use. The Vero platform is also being explored to develop next-generation live-attenuated and recombinant vaccines.