gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Semiotic Self (1994)

In this book, Norbert Wiley offers a new interpretation of the nature of the self in society. Current theories of the self tend to either assimilate the self to a community or larger collective, or reduce the self to body. In distinct opposition to these theories, Wiley makes the case for an autonomous self, a human being who is a repository of rights, a free and equal agent in a democracy consisting of other selves.Drawing on a fresh synthesis of the writings of Charles Sanders Peirce, George Herbert Mead, and others, Wiley argues that the self can be seen as an internal conversation, or a trialogue in which the present self (I) talks to the future self (you) about the past self (me). A distinctive feature of Wiley's view is that there is a mutually supportive relation between the self and democracy, and he traces this view through American history. In finding a way to decenter the self without eliminating it, Wiley supplies an alternative to current theories of postmodernism, a much-needed closure to classical pragmatism, and a new direction to neo-pragmatism.
The effectiveness of pretreatment physics plan review for detecting errors in radiation therapy (2016)

Pretreatment physics plan review is a key safety measure and can detect a high percentage of errors. However, the majority of errors that potentially could have been detected were not detected in this study, indicating the need to improve the pretreatment physics plan review performance. Suggestions for improvement include the automation of specific physics checks performed during the pretreatment physics plan review and the standardization of the review process.
A cylindrical micro ultrasonic motor using PZT thin film deposited by single process hydrothermal method (/spl phi/2.4 mm, L=10 mm stator transducer) (1998)

A micro ultrasonic motor using PZT (lead zirconate titanate) thin film has been improved by a single process hydrothermal method. The hydrothermal method is a unique method for depositing PZT thin film in a solution. An earlier reported hydrothermal method consisted of two linked processes. Our new method, however, has only a single process. Hence, less distribution of chemical components of the PZT film contributes to a higher efficiency of the stator transducer. The piezoelectric factor d(31) was -30 pC/N for this new method, which is six times larger than that of the previous method. The output torque of the micro ultrasonic motor fabricated by the single process hydrothermal method was measured. The output torque was 7.0 microNm, and the maximum revolution speed was 880 rpm at 15 Vp-p driving voltage.
Antiinflammatory Activity of the Medicinal Plant Geum Japonicum (2006)

G. japonicum is a perennial herb and the flowering plant has been used as a diuretic and an astringent in Japan and China. However, little information is available about the anti-inflammatory action of G. japonicum. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antiinflammatory action of fractions from G. japonicum methanol extract Inhibition of NO production was observed when cells were cotreated with fractions of G. japonicum and lipopolysaccharide. We observed that ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum inhibited NO production by LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells, and that the suppression induced by ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum was associated with antioxidant activity and direct NO clearance. In addition, only ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum inhibited stimulated PGE₂, TNF-α, IL-1β production, whereas water and methyl chloride fractions showed no such effects. The ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum methanol extract showed a remarkable scavenging activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl radical. Based on the results, ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum may be useful source as natural antioxidants and antiinflammation. Therefore, the results obtained from this study provide an alternative protective mechanism of ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum and provide information on the potential use of ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum in chemoprevention or pathogenic conditions related to overproduction of NO and PGE₂. However, the mechanism of the inflammatory effect must be evaluated through various parameters for induction of NO production.
Riboflavin Deficiency Caused by Treatment with Adriamycin. (1991)

The present study was undertaken to determine whether administration of adriamycin causes the depletion of riboflavin content. Rats received intraperitoneal injections of adriamycin (4 mg per kg body weight) for 6 consecutive days. Urinary riboflavin excretion began to increase after 2 days of treatment with adriamycin. Erythrocyte FAD levels decreased gradually and plasma lipid peroxide contents increased markedly at the 6th day. The activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase showed a significant increase before the decrease of flavin content and the elevation of lipid peroxide level. Therefore, the value of this coefficient obtained from erythrocyte appears to be a reliable index of riboflavin deficiency, particularly during the early stage.
Analysis of Equid Herpesvirus 1 Strain Variation Reveals a Point Mutation of the DNA Polymerase Strongly Associated with Neuropathogenic versus Nonneuropathogenic Disease Outbreaks (2006)

Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) can cause a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from inapparent respiratory infection to the induction of abortion and, in extreme cases, neurological disease resulting in paralysis and ultimately death. It has been suggested that distinct strains of EHV-1 that differ in pathogenic capacity circulate in the field. In order to investigate this hypothesis, it was necessary to identify genetic markers that allow subgroups of related strains to be identified. We have determined all of the genetic differences between a neuropathogenic strain (Ab4) and a nonneuropathogenic strain (V592) of EHV-1 and developed PCR/sequencing procedures enabling differentiation of EHV-1 strains circulating in the field. The results indicate the occurrence of several major genetic subgroups of EHV-1 among isolates recovered from outbreaks over the course of 30 years, consistent with the proposal that distinct strains of EHV-1 circulate in the field. Moreover, there is evidence that certain strain groups are geographically restricted, being recovered predominantly from outbreaks occurring in either North America or Europe. Significantly, variation of a single amino acid of the DNA polymerase is strongly associated with neurological versus nonneurological disease outbreaks. Strikingly, this variant amino acid occurs at a highly conserved position for herpesvirus DNA polymerases, suggesting an important functional role.
Phototoxicity of methoxsalen in various vehicles (1976)

Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen) was used as the photoxic substance in the study of the properties of various vehicles in photoepicutaneous testing. Macrogols as such were relatively poor bases, and positive reactions were seen only occasionally at a concentration of 0.05% methoxsalen. Increasing amounts of water in macrogols brought forth more numerous and stronger reactions. The photoxicity also increased when ethanol was added. The reactions were, however, weaker than to those with aqueous bases. Wool fat and glycerol as vehicles usually reacted in the same way as polyethylene glycols when water was added. An explanation of the mechanism of the changes in the properties of vehicles due to the addition of water/ethanol requires further investigation.
Multi-Armed Bandit for Edge Computing in Dynamic Networks with Uncertainty (2020)

In the edge computing paradigm, mobile devices offload the computational tasks to an edge server by routing the required data over the wireless network. The full potential of edge computing becomes realized only if a smart device selects the most appropriate server in terms of the latency and energy consumption, among many available ones. The server selection problem is challenging due to the randomness of the environment and lack of prior information about the environment. This problem becomes more complicated in a dynamic environment, where key variables might undergo abrupt changes. To deal with the aforementioned problem, we first analyze the required time and energy to data transmission and processing. We then use the analysis to cast the problem as a budgeted multi-armed bandit problem, where each arm is associated with a reward and cost, with time-variant statistical characteristics. We propose a policy to solve the formulated bandit problem and prove a regret bound. The numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to a number of existing solutions.
Wireless at the Nanoscale: Optical Interconnects using Matched Nanoantennas (2010)

Optical waveguide interconnects are a major component of chip-scale data processing and computational systems. Here, we propose an alternative mechanism based on optical wireless broadcasting links using nanoantennas, which may overcome some of the limitations of nanoscale waveguide interconnects. By properly loading and matching nanoantenna pairs with optical nanocircuits, we theoretically demonstrate a complete optical wireless link that, in spite of some radiation loss and mismatch factors, may exhibit much less absorption loss, largely outperforming regular plasmonic waveguide links.
Applying Markov Logic for Debugging Probabilistic Temporal Knowledge Bases (2014)

A probabilistic temporal knowledge base contains facts that are annotated with a\ntime interval and a confidence score. The interval defines the time span for which\nit can be assumed that the fact is true with a probability that is expressed by the\nconfidence score. Given a probabilistic temporal knowledge base, we propose the\nuse of Markov Logic in combination with Allen’s interval calculus to select the\nmost probable consistent subset of facts by computing the MAP state. We apply\nour approach on a specific domain of DBpedia, namely the domain of academics.\nWe simulate a scenario of extending a knowledge base automatically in an open\nsetting by adding erroneous facts to the facts stated in DBpedia. Our results in-\ndicate that we can eliminate a large fraction of these errors without removing too\nmany correctly stated facts.
Linear polymers for nonlinear optics. 2. Synthesis and electrooptical properties of polymers bearing pendant chromophores with methylsulfonyl electron-acceptor groups (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLinear polymers for nonlinear optics. 2. Synthesis and electrooptical properties of polymers bearing pendant chromophores with methylsulfonyl electron-acceptor groupsDouglas R. Robello, Phat T. Dao, James Phelan, Joseph Revelli, Jay S. Schildkraut, Michael Scozzafava, Abraham Ulman, and Craig S. WillandCite this: Chem. Mater. 1992, 4, 2, 425–435Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00020a035https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00020a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rotavirus RNA Replication: Single-stranded RNA Extends from the Replicase Particle (1990)

The rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of dsRNA that are replicated asymmetrically with plus strand RNA serving as the template for minus strand RNA synthesis. In this study, we have used non-denaturing gel electrophoresis to examine subviral particles that synthesize dsRNA (replicase particles), for possible changes in structure during RNA replication. Analysis of SVPs purified from simian rotavirus SA11-infected MA104 cells and resolved on 0.6% agarose gels containing 50 mM-Tris-glycine pH 8.8 showed that the overall size of particles able to synthesize dsRNA in a cell-free system was 100 nm or more. Electrophoretic analysis of the size of replicase particles as a function of length of incubation in the cell-free system demonstrated that replicase particles decreased in size with increasing length of incubation. However, after 60 to 90 min of incubation, replicase particles no longer changed in size but were similar in size to the rotavirus single-shelled (75 nm), core (60 nm) and precore (45 nm) replicative intermediates which have been described previously. As the size of replicase particles decreased with increasing length of incubation, the number of newly made genome-length dsRNAs in the particles increased. Analysis of the RNA products detected in replicase particles showed that RNA replication is regulated such that the synthesis of full-length dsRNAs in the replicase particle proceeds from the smallest to the largest genome segments. Treatment of replicase particles with single-strand-specific RNase reduced their size to that of replicative intermediates and interfered with their ability to synthesize dsRNA, thus indicating that the plus strand RNA template for replication extends from the replicase particle. This study showed that replicase particles undergo a continuous change in size during RNA replication due apparently to plus strand RNA templates moving into the replicase particle during the synthesis of dsRNA.
Analysis of sugar cane saccharides by liquid chromatography. 2. Ion-exchange resins (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of sugar cane saccharides by liquid chromatography. 2. Ion-exchange resinsJ. Wong-Chong and F. A. MartinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1979, 27, 5, 929–932Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60225a002RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (436 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Understanding Odd−Even Effects in Organic Self-Assembled Monolayers (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnderstanding Odd−Even Effects in Organic Self-Assembled MonolayersFeng Tao and Steven L. BernasekView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 5, 1408–1453Publication Date (Web):April 18, 2007Publication History Received13 March 2006Published online18 April 2007Published inissue 1 May 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr050258dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr050258dresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7504Altmetric-Citations347LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Molecular structure,Molecules,Monolayers,Self-assembled monolayers Get e-Alerts
PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1-LIKE8 Plays an Important Role for the Regulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling in Root       (2012)

Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling plays a critical role in regulating root growth and root system architecture. ABA-mediated growth promotion and root tropic response under water stress are key responses for plant survival under limiting water conditions. In this work, we have explored the role of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE1 (PYR1)/PYR1-LIKE (PYL)/REGULATORY COMPONENTS OF ABA RECEPTORS for root ABA signaling. As a result, we discovered that PYL8 plays a nonredundant role for the regulation of root ABA sensitivity. Unexpectedly, given the multigenic nature and partial functional redundancy observed in the PYR/PYL family, the single pyl8 mutant showed reduced sensitivity to ABA-mediated root growth inhibition. This effect was due to the lack of PYL8-mediated inhibition of several clade A phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs), since PYL8 interacted in vivo with at least five PP2Cs, namely HYPERSENSITIVE TO ABA1 (HAB1), HAB2, ABA-INSENSITIVE1 (ABI1), ABI2, and PP2CA/ABA-HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION3 as revealed by tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry proteomic approaches. We also discovered that PYR/PYL receptors and clade A PP2Cs are crucial for the hydrotropic response that takes place to guide root growth far from regions with low water potential. Thus, an ABA-hypersensitive pp2c quadruple mutant showed enhanced hydrotropism, whereas an ABA-insensitive sextuple pyr/pyl mutant showed reduced hydrotropic response, indicating that ABA-dependent inhibition of PP2Cs by PYR/PYLs is required for the proper perception of a moisture gradient.
Rayleigh and Brillouin Scattering in K <sub>2</sub> O–SiO <sub>2</sub> Glasses (1973)

The intensity and spectral distribution of light scattered by K 2 O‐SiO 2 glasses (K 2 O content up to 40 mol%) were measured. The transverse and longitudinal sound‐wave velocities and the photoelastic constants were evaluated from the results. The total intensity of the scattering (and therefore the attenuation caused by it) exhibited a minimum at a concentration of ∼25 mol% K 2 O. For this composition the attenuation is ∼2/2 of that in pure SiO 2 . This behavior results from the existence of anomalously small concentration fluctuations in the melt of K 2 O·3SiO 2 glass. A qualitative explanation of this result, involving low‐temperature immiscibility regions, is presented.
Prevention of Postischemic Myocardial Reperfusion Injury by the Combined Treatment of NCX-4016 and Tempol (2006)

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the concomitant production of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) during I/R may diminish the bioavailability of NO and hence compromise the beneficial effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of the coadministration of NCX-4016 [2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid 3-(nitrooxymethyl)phenyl ester] (an NO donor) with antioxidants Tempol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), or urate on I/R injury. Isolated rat hearts, perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer, were subjected to 30 minutes of global ischemia, followed by 45 minutes of reperfusion. Before the induction of ischemia, the hearts were infused for 1 minute with NCX-4016 (100 microM) either alone or in combination with Tempol (100 microM), SOD (200 U/mL), or urate (100 microM). Hearts pretreated with NCX-4016 showed a significantly enhanced recovery of function and decreased infarct size and LDH/CK release compared with the controls. However, treatment of hearts with NCX-4016 + Tempol, SOD, or urate showed a significantly enhanced recovery of heart function compared with NCX-4016 alone. The treatment of hearts with NCX-4016 + Tempol showed significantly enhanced NO generation and decreased ROS and dityrosine (a marker of peroxynitrite) formation. In conclusion, NCX-4016 in combination with Tempol demonstrated significant cardioprotection and, thus, may offer a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent I/R-mediated myocardial injury.
Mutational scanning of large genes by extensive PCR multiplexing and two-dimensional electrophoresis: application to the RB1 gene (1996)

With the rapid increase in the number of identified human disease genes, the development of accurate and cost-efficient mutation tests has become opportune. Here we present a combination of extensive PCR multiplexing and two-dimensional (2-D) DNA electrophoresis to screen for mutations in 26 exons of the retinoblastoma (RB1) tumor suppressor gene. In 2-D electrophoresis, fragments are separated according to size and base pair sequence in non-denaturing and denaturing gradient gels, respectively. All target fragments, designed to have optimal melting characteristics, were prepared in a two-step PCR (a 6-plex long-PCR pre-amplification and a subsequent 25-plex short-PCR) followed by heteroduplexing. The mixture of PCR amplicons was then subjected to 2-D electrophoresis under a single set of experimental conditions. With this design, 35 previously identified mutations in 18 different exons were detected in 33 bilateral retinoblastoma patients. These results suggest that 2-D electrophoresis in this format provides a generally applicable, practical and fast way to diagnose with high accuracy large genes for a broad spectrum of possible disease-causing mutations.
Strongyloides stercoralis: a case study. (2009)

This article illustrates a case of S stercoralis. This organism causes the disease strongyloidasis. Strongyloidasis is defined by acute manifestation, autoreinfection, or hyperinfection. It is contracted by skin penetration of the filariform larvae in the soil. Diagnosis and effective treatment is dependent on identification through special techniques with stool samples in the clinical laboratory.