gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uniform Sales Law. By Peter Schlechtriem. [Vienna: Manzsche Verlagsund Universitatsbuchhandlung. 1986. 116, (Index) 4, and (Inserted copy of the Convention) 42 pp. Paperback £15.00 net.] (1989)

Uniform Sales Law. By Peter Schlechtriem. [Vienna: Manzsche Verlagsund Universitatsbuchhandlung. 1986. 116, (Index) 4, and (Inserted copy of the Convention) 42 pp. Paperback £15.00 net.] - Volume 48 Issue 1
Adhesive factor/rabbit 2, a new fimbrial adhesin and a virulence factor from Escherichia coli O103, a serogroup enteropathogenic for rabbits (1997)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli-like E. coli strains belonging to serovar O103:K-:H2 and rhamnose-negative biotypes are highly pathogenic diarrhea-inducing strains for weaned European rabbits. We describe here the cloning and sequencing of the major subunit gene of a new fimbrial adhesin, adhesive factor/rabbit 2 (AF/R2), which confers on these strains the ability to attach to rabbit enterocytes and to HeLa cells in a diffuse manner and which is associated with in vivo virulence. The chromosomal operon that encodes functional AF/R2 has been cloned from strain B10. The major subunit gene afr2G, as well as an adjacent open reading frame, afr2H, has been sequenced. The Afr2G protein shows homologies with FaeG and ClpG, which are the respective major subunits of fimbrial adhesin K88 (F4) and afimbrial adhesin CS31A. Plasmid carrying the operon transcomplements an AF/R2-negative TnphoA mutant for its ability to express AF/R2. As a whole, AF/R2 is a new member of the E. coli K88 adhesin family which is associated with virulence and which may serve in the design of vaccines.
Yield stress materials in soft condensed matter (2017)

A comprehensive review is presented of the physical behavior of yield stress materials in soft condensed matter, which encompasses a broad range of materials from colloidal assemblies and gels to emulsions and non-Brownian suspensions. All these disordered materials display a nonlinear flow behavior in response to external mechanical forces due to the existence of a finite force threshold for flow to occur: the yield stress. Both the physical origin and rheological consequences associated with this nonlinear behavior are discussed and an overview is given of experimental techniques available to measure the yield stress. Recent progress is discussed concerning a microscopic theoretical description of the flow dynamics of yield stress materials, emphasizing, in particular, the role played by relaxation time scales, the interplay between shear flow and aging behavior, the existence of inhomogeneous shear flows and shear bands, wall slip, and nonlocal effects in confined geometries.
Intent-Estimation- and Motion-Model-Based Collision Avoidance Method for Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Environments (2017)

Existing collision avoidance methods for autonomous vehicles, which ignore the driving intent of detected vehicles, thus, cannot satisfy the requirements for autonomous driving in urban environments because of their high false detection rates of collisions with vehicles on winding roads and the missed detection rate of collisions with maneuvering vehicles. This study introduces an intent-estimation- and motion-model-based (IEMMB) method to address these disadvantages. First, a state vector is constructed by combining the road structure and the moving state of detected vehicles. A Gaussian mixture model is used to learn the maneuvering patterns of vehicles from collected data, and the patterns are used to estimate the driving intent of the detected vehicles. Then, a desirable long-term trajectory is obtained by weighting time and comfort. The long-term trajectory and the short-term trajectory, which are predicted using a constant yaw rate motion model, are fused to achieve an accurate trajectory. Finally, considering the moving state of the autonomous vehicle, collisions can be detected and avoided. Experiments have shown that the intent estimation method performed well, achieving an accuracy of 91.7% on straight roads and an accuracy of 90.5% on winding roads, which is much higher than that achieved by the method that ignores the road structure. The average collision detection distance is increased by more than 8 m. In addition, the maximum yaw rate and acceleration during an evasive maneuver are decreased, indicating an improvement in the driving comfort.
Chemotaxonomic Study of an Alkalophilic Bacterium, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum gen. nov., sp. nov. (1983)

Chemical studies were performed on a Gram-positive alkalophilic bacterium of uncertain taxonomic position. On the basis of the present and earlier studies it is suggested that the alkalophilic bacterium be classified in a new genus Exiguobacterium, as Exiguobacterium aurantiacum gen. nov., sp. nov.
Molecular Cloning and Expression of Alkaline Amylase Gene of Alkalophilic Bacillus sp. in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli (1989)

A 5.7Kb EcoRI fragment containing alkaline amylase gene of Bacillus sp. AL-8 obtained in the previons experiment (10) was transformed in B. subtilis via plasmid pUB110. The enzymatic proper-ties of the amylase produced by the transformants were Identical to those of the donor strain. Thus, the alkaline amylase activity from the transformant was maximum at pH 10 and 5. And the enzyme was very stable over the ranges of alkaline pH. In order to determine the location of the alkaline amylase gene within the 5.7Kb DNA fragment, the fragment was subcloned in E. coli. It was found that the alkaline amylase gene was located k EcoRI fragment of 3.7Kb.
<title>Fast recognition of lines in digital images without user-supplied parameters</title> (1994)

In this paper a method to detect lines in digital images is introduced. The model used to represent the shape of a line is a second order polynomial function of the row and column coordinates. Line positions are delivered with sub-pixel resolution. A threshold required by the method is estimated from the image data, so that the line detection runs off all-automatic without user-supplied control parameters. The robust estimate of the threshold is applicable to edge detection, too. Since directional information is a distinctive property of linear features, the model takes the line direction into account and makes use of it to classify line ends, to close line gaps, and to narrow lines which are wider than one pixel. Additionally, pixels are recognized where lines converge or cross. The performance of the method is shown using SPOT and TM data as examples.
NMR investigation of protonation sites of N,N'-dipyridoxylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid and coordinate bonding in its metal chelates (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR investigation of protonation sites of N,N'-dipyridoxylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid and coordinate bonding in its metal chelatesChristina H. Taliaferro and Arthur E. MartellCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 15, 2408–2413Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00209a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00209a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ANTIBODY IMMUNOTHERAPY OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIAL SEPSIS IN AN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED ANIMAL MODEL (1988)

Leukopenic, immunosuppressed recipients of solid organ allografts are at high risk for gram-negative bacterial sepsis, and mortality remains unacceptably high (greater than 30%). The purpose of this study was to determine whether murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) would reduce lethality caused by a septic insult in immunosuppressed mice, and to determine if a specific antibody class would prove more efficacious in this setting. Two MAbs (3-H9, IgG3; 7-B5, IgM) were selected that reacted by ELISA, immunodot blot, and Western blot analysis against the O antigen polysaccharide portion of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 LPS. The 3-H9 MAb, 7B-5 MAb, or sterile saline was administered i.v. to normal or neutropenic Swiss-Webster mice immediately prior to an E coli 0111:B4 bacterial (i.v. or i.p. plus hemoglobin) or LPS (i.v.) challenge. In normal mice, administration of 3-H9 MAb or 7-B5 MAb i.v. immediately prior to a bacterial or endotoxin challenge resulted in a significant increase in the LD50. Neutropenia lowered the LD50 by nearly one log10 in both the bacteremia and peritonitis models. Both MAbs provided similar protection, raising the LD50 one log10 in neutropenic mice. Thus neutropenic animals receiving either MAb had a mortality nearly identical to that of normal animals receiving saline. No significant difference between the protective capacity of these MAbs was noted in any of the three models. These studies demonstrate that MAbs directed against LPS exert protection during gram-negative bacterial sepsis in either normal or neutropenic animals. In addition, the particular IgG and IgM MAbs examined provided similar protective capacity. Antibody directed against LPS may provide an additive form of therapy that may serve to decrease lethality during clinical gram-negative sepsis in immunosuppressed patients.
Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. Part XXXI. Synthesis of 1,2,3,4,5,6‐Hexahydro‐3‐methyl‐6‐phenyl‐2,6‐melhano‐2,3‐benzo[<i>g</i>] diazocine [studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. Part CDLXXIX] (1972)

Abstract 1,2,3,4,5,6 Hexahydro‐8‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐6‐phenyl‐2,6‐methano‐2,3‐benzo[ g ]diazocine (IIa) was synthesized from 1‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)phenylaeetonitrile (III), readily available by the benzyne reaction of o ‐chloroanisole with phenylacetonitrile, through several steps. Treatment of IIa with 47% hydrobromic acid afforded 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexahydro‐8‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐6‐phenyl‐2,6‐methano‐2,3‐benzo[ g ]diazocine (IIb).
A Critical Study of Segmented Polyurethanes (1982)

The components of segmented polyurethanes having polyether "soft segments" and aromatic diisocyanate-diamine "hard segments" were studied separately and in the form of segmented polyurethanes. Platelet retention index (the capacity of the polymer to bind human platelets) was studied in relation to properties determined by scanning calorimety, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Carbon 1s spectra, which differentiate carbon bound to ether oxygen from other carbon in the outermost 30 Å of the surface, predicted platelet retention to a remarkable degree. In general, the hard segment analogues have high platelet retention. As a soft segment, poly(ethylene oxide) showed very low platelet retention.
Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylacrylamide)s with Perfluorocarbon Pendent Groups Connected through Poly(ethylene glycol) Tethers Give Physical Gels in Organic Solvents (2003)

The synthesis is reported of copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and methacrylates containing 1,1-dihydroperfluorononyl groups separated from the methacrylate by long PEG tethers (between 1000 and 14 000 Da). The copolymers with macromonomer contents of 1 mol % or less give gels in organic solvents such as dioxane, THF, or methanol, as well as in water, at copolymer concentrations between 1 and 8 mol %. Copolymer gel formation is enhanced in the presence of longer PEG tethers and higher comonomer contents and copolymer concentrations. These factors also increase polymer association, as indicated by steady shear viscosities. This is consistent with fluorophilic association mediated by liquid crystalline domains involving very small numbers of perfluorocarbon groups.
Temperature and humidity compensation in the determination of solvent vapors with a microsensor system (2000)

Accounting for changes in temperature and ambient humidity is critical to the development of practical field vapor-monitoring instrumentation employing microfabricated sensor arrays. In this study, responses to six organic vapors were collected from two prototype field instruments over a range of ambient temperatures and relative humidities (RH). Each instrument contains an array of three unthermostated polymer-coated surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators, a thermally desorbed adsorbent preconcentrator bed, a reversible pump and a small scrubber cartridge. Negligible changes in the vapor sensitivities with atmospheric RH were observed owing, in large part, to the temporal separation of co-adsorbed water from the organic vapor analytes upon thermal desorption of preconcentrated air samples. As a result, calibrations performed at one RH level could be used to determine vapors at any other RH without corrections using standard pattern recognition methods. Negative exponential temperature dependences that agreed reasonably well with those predicted from theory were observed for many of the vapor-sensor combinations. It was possible to select a subset of sensors with structurally diverse polymer coatings whose sensitivities to all six test vapors and selected binary vapor mixtures had similar temperature dependences. Thus, vapor recognition could be rendered independent of temperature and vapor quantification could be corrected for temperature with sufficient accuracy for most applications. The results indicate that active temperature control is not necessary and that temperature and RH compensation is achievable with a relatively simple microsensor system.
Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Recombination Barrier Layers Deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition in Solid-State CdS Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells (2013)

Despite the promise of quantum dots (QDs) as a light-absorbing material to replace the dye in dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum dot-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) efficiencies remain low, due in part to high rates of recombination. In this article, we demonstrate that ultrathin recombination barrier layers of Al2O3 deposited by atomic layer deposition can improve the performance of cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dot-sensitized solar cells with spiro-OMeTAD as the solid-state hole transport material. We explored depositing the Al2O3 barrier layers either before or after the QDs, resulting in TiO2/Al2O3/QD and TiO 2/QD/Al2O3 configurations. The effects of barrier layer configuration and thickness were tracked through current-voltage measurements of device performance and transient photovoltage measurements of electron lifetimes. The Al2O3 layers were found to suppress dark current and increase electron lifetimes with increasing Al 2O3 thickness in both configurations. For thin barrier layers, gains in open-circuit voltage and concomitant increases in efficiency were observed, although at greater thicknesses, losses in photocurrent caused net decreases in efficiency. A close comparison of the electron lifetimes in TiO2 in the TiO2/Al2O3/QD and TiO2/QD/Al2O3 configurations suggests that electron transfer from TiO2 to spiro-OMeTAD is a major source of recombination in ss-QDSSCs, though recombination of TiO2 electrons with oxidized QDs can also limit electron lifetimes, particularly if the regeneration of oxidized QDs is hindered by a too-thick coating of the barrier layer. © 2013 American Chemical Society.
Development of a Continuous Segmented Flow Tubular Reactor and the “Scale‐out” Concept – In Search of Perfect Powders (2003)

Abstract The synthesis of powders with controlled shape and narrow particle size distributions is still a major challenge for many industries. A continuous Segmented Flow Tubular Reactor (SFTR) has been developed to overcome homogeneity and scale‐up problems encountered when using batch reactors. Supersaturation is created by mixing the co‐reactants in a micromixer inducing precipitation; the suspension is then segmented into identical micro‐volumes by a non‐miscible fluid and sent through a tube. These micro‐volumes are more homogeneous when compared to large batch reactors leading to narrower size distributions, better particle morphology, polymorph selectivity and stoichiometry. All these features have been demonstrated on single tube SFTR for different chemical systems. To increase productivity for commercial application the SFTR is being “scaled‐out” by multiplying the number of tubes running in parallel instead of scaling‐up by increasing their size. The versatility of the multi‐tube unit will allow changes in type of precipitate with a minimum of new investment as new chemistry can be researched, developed and optimised in a single tube SFTR and then transferred to the multi‐tube unit for powder production.
Burkholderia nodosa sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of the woody Brazilian legumes Mimosa bimucronata and Mimosa scabrella (2007)

Three strains, Br3437(T), Br3461 and Br3470, were isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Mimosa scabrella (Br3437(T)) and Mimosa bimucronata (Br3461, Br3470), both of which are woody legumes native to Brazil. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, all the strains were shown previously to belong to the genus Burkholderia. A polyphasic approach, including DNA-DNA hybridizations, PFGE of whole-genome DNA profiles, whole-cell protein analyses, fatty acid methyl ester analysis and extensive biochemical characterization, was used to clarify the taxonomic position of these strains further; the strains are here classified within a novel species, for which the name Burkholderia nodosa sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain, Br3437(T) (=LMG 23741(T)=BCRC 17575(T)), was isolated from nodules of M. scabrella.
Optimal synthesis of multiple output Boolean functions using a set of quantum gates by symbolic reachability analysis (2006)

This paper proposes an approach to optimally synthesize quantum circuits by symbolic reachability analysis, where the primary inputs and outputs are basis binary and the internal signals can be nonbinary in a multiple-valued domain. The authors present an optimal synthesis method to minimize quantum cost and some speedup methods with nonoptimal quantum cost. The methods here are applicable to small reversible functions. Unlike previous works that use permutative reversible gates, a lower level library that includes nonpermutative quantum gates is used here. The proposed approach obtains the minimum cost quantum circuits for Miller gate, half adder, and full adder, which are better than previous results. This cost is minimum for any circuit using the set of quantum gates in this paper, where the control qubit of 2-qubit gates is always basis binary. In addition, the minimum quantum cost in the same manner for Fredkin, Peres, and Toffoli gates is proven. The method can also find the best conversion from an irreversible function to a reversible circuit as a byproduct of the generality of its formulation, thus synthesizing in principle arbitrary multi-output Boolean functions with quantum gate library. This paper constitutes the first successful experience of applying formal methods and satisfiability to quantum logic synthesis.
CaSPR: Learning Canonical Spatiotemporal Point Cloud Representations (2020)

We propose CaSPR, a method to learn object-centric Canonical Spatiotemporal Point Cloud Representations of dynamically moving or evolving objects. Our goal is to enable information aggregation over time and the interrogation of object state at any spatiotemporal neighborhood in the past, observed or not. Different from previous work, CaSPR learns representations that support spacetime continuity, are robust to variable and irregularly spacetime-sampled point clouds, and generalize to unseen object instances. Our approach divides the problem into two subtasks. First, we explicitly encode time by mapping an input point cloud sequence to a spatiotemporally-canonicalized object space. We then leverage this canonicalization to learn a spatiotemporal latent representation using neural ordinary differential equations and a generative model of dynamically evolving shapes using continuous normalizing flows. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on several applications including shape reconstruction, camera pose estimation, continuous spatiotemporal sequence reconstruction, and correspondence estimation from irregularly or intermittently sampled observations.
A null mutation allele in the CNTF gene and schizophrenic psychoses (1996)

The maldevelopmental theory postulates disturbances in neural development as crucial factors in the aetiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. Neurotrophic factors, including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), play a central role in the regulation of such development. A mutation has been described for the CNTF gene, whereby subjects homozygous for the mutation lack CNTF. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the CNTF gene region containing this mutation in whole blood genomic DNA. The mutation was detected by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Patients suffering from schizophrenic psychosis (ICD-10 criteria) (51 from Würzburg, 83 from Barcelona), and healthy controls (62 from Würzburg, 50 from Barcelona) were investigated. In the Würzburg group, the frequency of subjects homozygous or heterozygous for the mutation was significantly higher among schizophrenic patients than in controls. However, no difference could be detected in the Spanish sample; the possible reasons for the different allele distribution in the two patient groups is discussed. It is concluded that the CNTF null mutation may be relevant to the aetiopathogenesis of schizophrenia in some patients, but further work is required to identify specifically the patient group for which it is important.
Quadrupling Muscle Mass in Mice by Targeting TGF-ß Signaling Pathways (2007)

Myostatin is a transforming growth factor-beta family member that normally acts to limit skeletal muscle growth. Mice genetically engineered to lack myostatin activity have about twice the amount of muscle mass throughout the body, and similar effects are seen in cattle, sheep, dogs, and a human with naturally occurring loss-of-function mutations in the myostatin gene. Hence, there is considerable interest in developing agents capable of inhibiting myostatin activity for both agricultural and human therapeutic applications. We previously showed that the myostatin binding protein, follistatin, can induce dramatic increases in muscle mass when overexpressed as a transgene in mice. In order to determine whether this effect of follistatin results solely from inhibition of myostatin activity, I analyzed the effect of this transgene in myostatin-null mice. Mstn(-/-) mice carrying a follistatin transgene had about four times the muscle mass of wild type mice, demonstrating the existence of other regulators of muscle mass with similar activity to myostatin. The greatest effect on muscle mass was observed in offspring of mothers homozygous for the Mstn mutation, raising the possibility that either myostatin itself or a downstream regulator may normally be transferred from the maternal to fetal circulations. These findings demonstrate that the capacity for increasing muscle growth by manipulating TGF-beta signaling pathways is much more extensive than previously appreciated and suggest that muscle mass may be controlled at least in part by a systemic mode of action of myostatin.