gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transgenic barley grain overexpressing thioredoxin shows evidence that the starchy endosperm communicates with the embryo and the aleurone (2002)

Homozygous lines of barley overexpressing a wheat thioredoxin h transgene (up to 30-fold) were generated earlier by using a B(1)-hordein promoter with a signal peptide sequence for targeting to the protein body and found to be enriched in starch debranching enzyme (pullulanase). Here, we describe the effect of biochemically active, overexpressed thioredoxin h on germination and the onset of alpha-amylase activity. Relative to null segregant controls lacking the transgene, homozygotes overexpressing thioredoxin h effected (i) an acceleration in the rate of germination and appearance of alpha-amylase activity with a 1.6- to 2.8-fold increase in gibberellin A(1) (GA(1)) content; (ii) a similar acceleration in the appearance of the alpha-amylase activity in deembryonated transgenic grain incubated with gibberellic acid; (iii) a 35% increase in the ratio of relative reduction (abundance of SH) of the propanol soluble proteins (hordein I fraction); and (iv) an increase in extractable and soluble protein of 5-12% and 11-35%, respectively. Thioredoxin h, which was highly reduced in the dry grain, was degraded in both the null segregant and homozygote after imbibition. The increase in alpha-amylase activity and protein reduction status was accompanied by a shift in the distribution of protein from the insoluble to the soluble fraction. The results provide evidence that thioredoxin h of the starchy endosperm communicates with adjoining tissues, thereby regulating their activities, notably by accelerating germination of the embryo and the appearance of alpha-amylase released by the aleurone.
Evaluating stability of histomorphometric features across scanner and staining variations: prostate cancer diagnosis from whole slide images (2016)

Quantitative histomorphometry (QH) is the process of computerized feature extraction from digitized tissue slide images to predict disease presence, behavior, and outcome. Feature stability between sites may be compromised by laboratory-specific variables including dye batch, slice thickness, and the whole slide scanner used. We present two new measures, preparation-induced instability score and latent instability score, to quantify feature instability across and within datasets. In a use case involving prostate cancer, we examined QH features which may detect cancer on whole slide images. Using our method, we found that five feature families (graph, shape, co-occurring gland tensor, sub-graph, and texture) were different between datasets in 19.7% to 48.6% of comparisons while the values expected without site variation were 4.2% to 4.6%. Color normalizing all images to a template did not reduce instability. Scanning the same 34 slides on three scanners demonstrated that Haralick features were most substantively affected by scanner variation, being unstable in 62% of comparisons. We found that unstable feature families performed significantly worse in inter- than intrasite classification. Our results appear to suggest QH features should be evaluated across sites to assess robustness, and class discriminability alone should not represent the benchmark for digital pathology feature selection.
Evaluation of e-commerce system success factors in health care (2009)

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of e-commerce system satisfaction on e business success factors. We developed the questionnaire for measuring system satisfaction and success factors and tested internal reliability and construct validity. Cronbach's alphas of all system satisfaction factors were above .79 and that of e business success factors were above .82 except partnership (.66). In the regression models, we tried to identify all possible independent variables such as individual factors, organizational factors, system vendor size, order items in their systems and system satisfactions. Using Partial F-test, the regression model with system satisfaction factors, individual and organizational factors was identified as the optimal model in explaining the dependant variable. In the best model, system readiness and timeliness was significant determinants of e-business success evaluation. After using 7 success evaluations factors as the dependant variables, only three models were significant linear models, which were the models with partnership, CEO willingness to e-commerce and e-commerce support. In those models, system readiness and timeliness showed consistent influences to success factors.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Gastric Bypass: A Randomized Study of Outcomes, Quality of Life, and Costs (2001)

Objective To compare outcomes, quality of life (QOL), and costs of laparoscopic and open gastric bypass (GBP). Summary Background Data Laparoscopic GBP has been reported to be a safe and effective approach for the treatment of morbid obesity. The authors performed a prospective randomized trial to compare outcomes, QOL, and costs of laparoscopic GBP with those of open GBP. Methods From May 1999 to March 2001, 155 patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 to 60 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic (n = 79) or open (n = 76) GBP. The two groups were similar in age, sex ratio, mean BMI, and comorbidities. Main outcome measures included operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, operative complications, percentage of excess body weight loss, and time to return to activities of daily living and work. Changes in QOL were assessed using the SF-36 Health Survey and the bariatric analysis of reporting outcome system (BAROS). Operative and hospital costs of the two operations were also compared. Results There were no deaths in either group. Mean operative time was longer for laparoscopic GBP than for open GBP, but operative blood loss was less. Two (2.5%) of the 79 patients in the laparoscopic group required conversion to laparotomy. Median length of hospital stay was shorter for laparoscopic GBP patients (3 vs 4 days). The rate of postoperative anastomotic leak was similar between groups. Wound-related complications such as infection (10.5 vs 1.3%) and incisional hernia (7.9 vs 0%) were more common after open GBP; late anastomotic stricture was less frequent after open GBP (2.6 vs 11.4%). Time to return to activities of daily living and work were shorter after laparoscopic GBP than after open GBP. Weight loss at 1 year was similar between groups. Preoperative SF-36 scores were similar between groups; however, at 1 month after surgery, laparoscopic patients had better physical conditioning, social functioning, general health, and less body pain than open GBP patients. At 6 months, the BAROS outcome was classified as good or better in 97% of laparoscopic GBP patients compared with 82% of open GBP patients. Operative costs were higher for laparoscopic GBP patients, but hospital costs were lower. Conclusions Laparoscopic GBP is a safe and cost-effective alternative to open GBP. Despite a longer operative time, patients undergoing laparoscopic GBP benefited from less blood loss, a shorter hospital stay, and faster convalescence. Laparoscopic GBP patients had comparable weight loss at 1 year but a more rapid improvement in QOL than open GBP patients. The higher initial operative costs for laparoscopic GBP were adequately offset by the lower hospital costs.
Alginate-Based Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine Applications (2013)

Alginate is a natural polysaccharide exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, having many different applications in the field of biomedicine. Alginate is readily processable for applicable three-dimensional scaffolding materials such as hydrogels, microspheres, microcapsules, sponges, foams and fibers. Alginate-based biomaterials can be utilized as drug delivery systems and cell carriers for tissue engineering. Alginate can be easily modified via chemical and physical reactions to obtain derivatives having various structures, properties, functions and applications. Tuning the structure and properties such as biodegradability, mechanical strength, gelation property and cell affinity can be achieved through combination with other biomaterials, immobilization of specific ligands such as peptide and sugar molecules, and physical or chemical crosslinking. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of alginate and its derivatives in the field of biomedical applications, including wound healing, cartilage repair, bone regeneration and drug delivery, which have potential in tissue regeneration applications.
High density lipoprotein conversion mediated by human plasma phospholipid transfer protein. (1993)

Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) was purified from lipoprotein-free human plasma, obtained upon treatment of plasma with dextran sulfate and Ca2+, by employing a series of column chromatography. Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified PLTP showed a single main band, corresponding to the molecular mass of 78 kDa. However, isoelectric focusing of the purified preparation gave multiple bands with pI ranging from 4.3 to 5.1, indicative of microheterogeneity. Purified PLTP was shown to possess not only phospholipid transfer activity, but also high density lipoprotein (HDL) conversion activity (Tu, A.-Y., Nishida, H. I., and Nishida, T. (1990), FASEB J. 4, A2148; Jauhiainen, M., Metso, J., Pahlman, R., Blomqvist, S., van Tol, A., and Ehnholm, C. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 4032-4036). Isolated HDL3 was enlarged to the size of HDL2b upon incubation with purified PLTP for 6 h at 37 degrees C at the PLTP/HDL3 molar ratio of approximately 1:45. Both the HDL conversion and the phosphatidylcholine transfer activities of purified PLTP were effectively inhibited by rabbit anti-PLTP immunoglobulin G. The primary importance of PLTP in the HDL enlargement that occurs in human plasma upon incubation at 37 degrees C was shown by the strong inhibitory effect of the anti-PLTP immunoglobulin G. The process of PLTP-mediated HDL enlargement was accompanied by the release of apoproteins, primarily apoA-I. HDL3 enlargement mediated by PLTP was effectively inhibited by the addition of free fatty acids.
Waterway, shipping, and ports: iterative optimization and simulation of barge traffic on an inland waterway (2003)

This paper describes an iterative technique between optimization and simulation models used to determine solutions to optimization problems and ensure that the solutions are feasible for real world operations (in terms of a simulation model). The technique allows for the development of separate optimization and simulation models with varying levels of detail in each model. The results and parameters of the optimization model are used as input to the simulation model. The performance measures from the simulation output are compared to acceptable levels. These performance measures are then used to modify the optimization model if the simulation results are not acceptable. This iterative approach continues until an acceptable solution is reached. This iterative technique is applied to barge traffic on an inland waterway as an example. Linear programming is used as the optimization technique for the example while a simulation model is developed using Arena software.
Multiple-output ZCS resonant inverter for multi-coil induction heating appliances (2017)

This paper presents a multiple-output resonant inverter for multi-coil systems featuring high efficiency and flexible output power control for modern induction heating appliances. By adopting a matrix structure, the number of controlled devices can be reduced to the square root of the number of controlled induction heating loads. Therefore, an elevated component count reduction can be achieved compared to classical multi-outputs solutions. The proposed converter is analyzed and verified experimentally, proving the feasibility of this proposal and benefits compared with previous alternatives.
Efficient magnetic localization and orientation technique for capsule endoscopy (2005)

To build a new wireless robotic capsule endoscope with external guidance for controllable and interactive GI tract examination, a sensing system is needed for tracking 3D location and 2D orientation of the capsule movement. An appropriate sensing approach is to enclose a small permanent magnet in the capsule. The magnet establishes a magnetic field around the patient's body. With the sensing data of magnetic sensor array outside the patient's body, the 3D location and 2D orientation of the capsule can be calculated. Higher localization and orientation accuracy can be obtained if more sensors and proper optimization algorithm are applied. In this paper, different nonlinear optimization algorithms are evaluated, and we have found that Levenberg-Marquardt method provides higher accuracy and faster speed. Simulations were done for investigating the de-noise ability of this algorithm based on different sensor arrays. Furthermore, the real experiment shows that the results are satisfactory with high accuracy.
A low-complexity near-ML decoding technique via reduced dimension list stack algorithm (2008)

In this paper, we propose a near maximum likelihood (ML) decoding technique, which reduces the computational complexity of the exact ML decoding algorithm. The computations needed for the tree search in the ML decoding is simplified by reducing the dimension of the search space prior to the tree search. In order to compensate performance loss due to the dimension reduction, a list stack algorithm (LSA) is considered, which produces a list of the top K closest points. The combination of both approaches, called reduced dimension list stack algorithm (RD-LSA), is shown to provide flexibility and offers a performance-complexity trade-off. Simulations performed for V-BLAST transmission demonstrate that significant complexity reduction can be achieved compared to the sphere decoding algorithm (SDA) while keeping the performance loss below an acceptable level.
Adaptive provisioning using virtual machines and autonomous role-based management (2006)

A modern server system must deliver a complex set of obligations towards its users. We study the concept of roles as autonomous encapsulations of a set of promises. Using virtualization and configuration management, every defined role for a reallife computer system can be realized as a self managing agent that is aware of other, related roles within the same broader context. A prototype implementation that provides web hotel services for customers is presented and discussed.
Analyzing Computer-Mediated Communication and Organizational Effectiveness (2009)

Communication in today's organization plays an important role in overall organizational effectiveness. Advancements in technological capability have led to a need to reconsider and reconceptualize the nature of work in organizations. Face-to-face communication is undoubtedly the richest medium of communication, but it is very difficult to arrange frequent face-to-face communication. Alternatively, computer-mediated communication (CMC) is becoming an integral part of organizational effectiveness. CMC provides instant access to employees working at different places, with the advantage of accessibility to all the relevant information. With the advantages of communication technologies over more traditional modes of communication, the emphasis has increasingly turned to understanding how CMC can affect organizational effectiveness. The present paper analyzes the relationship between CMC and organizational effectiveness through a literature review. It also examines in what ways and to what extent CMC affects organizational success.
Transporter-Mediated Drug–Drug Interactions (2011)

Drug-drug interactions are a serious clinical issue. An important mechanism underlying drug-drug interactions is induction or inhibition of drug transporters that mediate the cellular uptake and efflux of xenobiotics. Especially drug transporters of the small intestine, liver and kidney are major determinants of the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs. Transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions in these three organs can considerably influence the pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of drugs. In this article, we focus on probe drugs lacking significant metabolism to highlight mechanisms of interactions of selected intestinal, hepatic and renal drug transporters (e.g., organic anion transporting polypeptide [OATP] 1A2, OATP2B1, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, P-gp, organic anion transporter [OAT] 1, OAT3, breast cancer resistance protein [BCRP], organic cation transporter [OCT] 2 and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein [MATE] 1). Genotype-dependent drug-drug interactions are also discussed.
A comment on "A total ordering multicast protocol using propagation trees" (1997)

In this paper, we reevaluate the message cost of X. Jia's multicast mechanism (see ibid., vol. 6, no. 6, p. 617-27 (1995)). Our analysis shows that its message cost should be (D+k+1) instead of (D+2), where D is the depth of the subtree and k is the number of metagroups containing the destination multicast group.
ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF MEROCYANINE 540 (1987)

Abstract Simultaneous exposure to the lipophilic dye merocyanine 540 (MC 540) and white light inactivates several enveloped viruses. The same treatment appears to have little or no effect on pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, mature red cells, and mature leukocytes. At least some components of the clotting system are spared, too. The molecular basis of the virucidal effect of MC 540 and light is not yet completely understood. Based on what is known about the interactions of MC 540 with cells and artificial membranes, it seems likely that MC 540 binds to and damages the viral envelope. MC 540‐mediated photosensitization may have implications for the sterilization of bone marrow and blood products, the preparation of vaccines, and selected areas of antiviral therapy.
Multi-wavelength dissipative soliton operation of an erbium-doped fiber laser (2009)

We report on the generation of multi-wavelength dissipative soliton (DS) in an all normal dispersion fiber laser passively mode-locked with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). We show that depending on the strength of the cavity birefringence, stable single-, dual- and triple-wavelength DSs can be formed in the laser. The multi-wavelength soliton operation of the laser was experimentally investigated, and the formation mechanisms of the multi-wavelength DSs are discussed.
Determinants of oxygen uptake: Implications for exercise testing (1998)

For exercise modalities such as cycling which recruit a substantial muscle mass, muscle oxygen uptake (VO2) is the primary determinant of pulmonary VO2. Indeed, the kinetic complexities of pulmonary VO2 associated with exercise onset and the non-steady states of heavy (>lactate threshold) and severe [>asymptote of power-time relationship for high intensity exercise (Ẇ)] exercise reproduce with close temporal and quantitative fidelity those occurring across the exercising muscles. For moderate (<lactate threshold) exercise and also rapidly incremental work tests, pulmonary (and muscle) VO2 increases as a linear function of work rate (≈9 to 11 ml O2/W/min) in accordance with theoretical determinations of muscle efficiency (≈30%). In contrast, for constant load exercise performed in the heavy and severe domains, a slow component of the VO2 response is manifest and pulmonary and muscle VO2 increase as a function of time as well as work rate beyond the initial transient associated with exercise onset.
Pressure dependence of the elastic moduli in aluminum-rich Al-Li compounds (1993)

I have carried out numerical first-principles calculations of the pressure dependence of the elastic moduli for several ordered structures in the aluminum-lithium system, specifically fcc Al, fcc and bcc Li, L${1}_{2}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{3}$Li, and an ordered fcc ${\mathrm{Al}}_{7}$Li supercell. The calculations were performed using the full-potential linear augmented plane-wave method (LAPW) to calculate the total energy as a function of strain, after which the data were fit to a polynomial function of the strain to determine the modulus. A procedure for estimating the errors in this process is also given. The predicted equilibrium lattice parameters are slightly smaller than found experimentally, consistent with other local-density-approximation (LDA) calculations. The computed elastic moduli are within approximately 10% of the experimentally measured moduli, provided the calculations are carried out at the experimental lattice constant. The LDA equilibrium shear modulus ${\mathit{C}}_{11}$-${\mathit{C}}_{12}$ increases from 59.3 GPa in Al, to 76.0 GPa in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{7}$Li, to 106.2 GPa in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{3}$Li. The modulus ${\mathit{C}}_{44}$ increases from 38.4 GPa in Al to 46.1 GPa in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{7}$Li, then falls to 40.7 GPa in ${\mathrm{Al}}_{3}$Li. All of the calculated elastic moduli increase with pressure with the exception of bcc Li, which becomes elastically unstable at about 2 GPa, where ${\mathit{C}}_{11}$-${\mathit{C}}_{12}$ vanishes.
Studies on pyrimidine derivatives. XXXIX. Site-selectivity in the reaction of 5-substituted and 4,5-disubstituted pyrimidine N-oxides with trimethylsilyl cyanide. (1987)

The site-selectivity in the modified Reissert-Henze reaction of 5-substituted, and 4, 5-disubstituted pyrimidine 1-oxides with trimethylsilyl cyanide was examined. The reaction of 5-substituted 4-methoxypyrimidine 1-oxides with trimethylsilyl cyanide gave exclusively 2-pyrimidine-carbonitriles in good yields without exception. On the other hand, the other 5-substituted and 4, 5-disubstituted pyrimidine 1-oxides gave mainly 6-pyrimidinecarbonitriles.
Ten year survival of a patient with advanced pulmonary hypertension and mixed connective tissue disease treated with immunosuppressive therapy. (1992)

Pulmonary hypertension is the most frequent cause of death in patients with mixed connective tissue disease. The pulmonary hypertension is progressive and difficult to treat effectively. These patients experience considerable morbidity secondary to diminished cardiac function. We describe a case in which sequential administration of cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine A favorably altered the clinical and hemodynamic course of this serious complication.
Products appreciation by facial expressions analysis (2010)

Automatic assessment of users' appreciation of products represents an important functionality for shops, leading to better fitted products on the customers' needs and enabling more efficient marketing strategies. By means of a surveillance system we track customers, make a first interpretation of their behaviour and analyze their facial expressions when they are next to a product. Facial expressions carry relevant information regarding customers' opinion of products and can be used to detect if they show interest and also which type (positive or negative). The main contribution of this work resides in the development of a facial expression recognition analyzer that can be used in the product appreciation domain. In our approach we employ the Active Appearance Model to extract the key facial regions (e.g. eyes, nose, and mouth). Around these special regions we define Regions of Interest and extract relevant features using the optical flow estimation method. The classification phase is carried out using Hidden Markov Models. Experiments are conducted on the well-known Cohn-Kanade database and also on our own recorded database of 21 product emotions to show the efficacy of our approach. An average recognition accuracy of 93% is achieved.