gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PET and PVC Separation with Hyperspectral Imagery (2015)

Traditional plants for plastic separation in homogeneous products employ material physical properties (for instance density). Due to the small intervals of variability of different polymer properties, the output quality may not be adequate. Sensing technologies based on hyperspectral imaging have been introduced in order to classify materials and to increase the quality of recycled products, which have to comply with specific standards determined by industrial applications. This paper presents the results of the characterization of two different plastic polymers--polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)--in different phases of their life cycle (primary raw materials, urban and urban-assimilated waste and secondary raw materials) to show the contribution of hyperspectral sensors in the field of material recycling. This is accomplished via near-infrared (900-1700 nm) reflectance spectra extracted from hyperspectral images acquired with a two-linear-spectrometer apparatus. Results have shown that a rapid and reliable identification of PET and PVC can be achieved by using a simple two near-infrared wavelength operator coupled to an analysis of reflectance spectra. This resulted in 100% classification accuracy. A sensor based on this identification method appears suitable and inexpensive to build and provides the necessary speed and performance required by the recycling industry.
Molecular Design of Antifouling Polymer Brushes Using Sequence‐Specific Peptoids (2014)

Material systems that can be used to flexibly and precisely define the chemical nature and molecular arrangement of a surface would be invaluable for the control of complex biointerfacial interactions. For example, progress in antifouling polymer biointerfaces that prevent non-specific protein adsorption and cell attachment, which can significantly improve the performance of an array of biomedical and industrial applications, is hampered by a lack of chemical models to identify the molecular features conferring their properties. Poly(N-substituted glycine) "peptoids" are peptidomimetic polymers that can be conveniently synthesized with specific monomer sequences and chain lengths, and are presented as a versatile platform for investigating the molecular design of antifouling polymer brushes. Zwitterionic antifouling polymer brushes have captured significant recent attention, and a targeted library of zwitterionic peptoid brushes with a different charge densities, hydration, separations between charged groups, chain lengths, and grafted chain densities, is quantitatively evaluated for their antifouling properties through a range of protein adsorption and cell attachment assays. Specific zwitterionic brush designs were found to give rise to distinct but subtle differences in properties. The results also point to the dominant roles of the grafted chain density and chain length in determining the performance of antifouling polymer brushes.
Drift-correcting self-calibration for visual-inertial SLAM (2017)

We present a solution for online simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) self-calibration in the presence of drift in calibration parameters in order to support accurate long-term operation. Calibration parameters such as the camera focal length or camera-to-IMU extrinsics are frequently subject to drift over long periods of operation, inducing cumulative error in the reconstruction. The key contributions are modeling calibration parameters as a spatiotemporal quantity: sensor-to-sensor spatial calibration and sensor intrinsic parameters are continuously time-varying, with statistical tests for change detection and regression. An analysis of the long term effects of inappropriately modeling time-varying sensor calibration is also provided. Constant-time operation is achieved by selecting only a fixed number of informative segments of the trajectory for calibration parameter estimation, giving the added benefit of avoiding early linearization errors by not rolling past measurements into a prior distribution. Our approach is validated with simulated and real-world data.
Digital loggbok för reflektion och lärande under VFU (2017)

Under VFU-period i NT-kurs for blivande grundlarare 4-6 implementerar och utvarderar studenterna en av dem utvecklad undervisningssekvens. Projekt har undersokt hur studenterna under VFU interagera ...
Media watch: The preliminary findings of IMF staff at the end of an official staff visit - 24 June 2015 (2015)

Australia has strong institutions, a flexible economy, and is well placed to seize opportunities created by Asia's rapid growth and rising middle class, helped by the recent free trade agreements. Policymakers should build on these strengths by re-invigorating the reform agenda: - Sustaining demand through the resource boom transition - Lifting productivity to sustain strong income growth - Building resilience to reduce the risk of financial disruption
Factors and Mechanisms Affecting the Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity of Barium Titanate (1965)

The chemistry of semiconducting lanthanum‐doped barium titanate was examined to determine the factors critical to the positive temperature coefficient of resistivity exhibited by this material. This phenomenon was sensitive to oxidation under certain nonequilibrium conditions. Inhomogeneity is thought to result from such conditions and to produce regions of different resistivity throughout the ceramic body. The existence of high resistivity layers was demonstrated by analysis of dispersions in ac resistance at audio frequencies. Association of these layers with crystallite surfaces, i.e. grain boundaries, was demonstrated by resistivity measurements of semiconducting single crystals before and after oxygen treatments.
A new synthetic route to pyrrolo[3,2-b]carbazoles, 1H-benzofuro[3,2-f]indoles and 1H-[1]benzothieno[2,3-f]indoles (1992)

The heterocyclic systems pyrrolo[3,2-b]carbazole, 1H-benzofuro[3,2-f]indole and 1H-[1]benzothieno[2,3-f]indole were synthesised by Montmorillonite K10 clay-catalysed condensation of 5-acetoxymethyl-4-acetylpyrroles with various indoles, benzofuran and benzothiophene. Ring closure of the intermediate 3-(pyrrolylmethyl)indoles was achieved with clay, whereas 2-(pyrrolyl-methyl)benzofuran and 3-(pyrrolylmethyl)benzothiophene required toluene-p-sulfonic acid in ethanol or toluene for cyclisation to the tetracyclic compounds. When an indole and a benzyl pyrrole-2-carboxylate was used, the resultant pyrrolo[3,2-b]carbozole benzyl ester could be hydrogenolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid.
Rapidly Prototyped Three-Dimensional Nanofluidic Channel Networks in Glass Substrates (2005)

Microfluidic and nanofluidic technologies have long sought a fast, reliable method to overcome the creative limitations of planar fabrication methods, the resolution limits of lithography, and the materials limitations for fast prototyping. In the present work, we demonstrate direct 3D machining of submicrometer diameter, subsurface fluidic channels in glass, via optical breakdown near critical intensity, using a femtosecond pulsed laser. No postexposure etching or bonding is required; the channel network (or almost any arbitrary-shaped cavity below the surface) is produced directly from "art-to-part". The key to this approach is to use very low energy, highly focused, pulses in the presence of liquid. Microbubbles that result from laser energy deposition gently expand and extrude machining debris from the channels. These bubbles are in a highly damped, low Reynolds number regime, implying that surface spalling due to bubble collapse is unimportant. We demonstrate rapid prototyping of three-dimensional "jumpers", mixers, and other key components of complex 3D microscale analysis systems in glass substrates.
In Situ Expansion, Differentiation, and Electromechanical Coupling of Human Cardiac Muscle in a 3D Bioprinted, Chambered Organoid (2020)

This advance represents a critical step toward generating macroscale tissues, akin to aggregate-based organoids, but with the critical advantage of harboring geometric structures essential to the pump function of cardiac muscle. Looking forward, human chambered organoids of this type might also serve as a test bed for cardiac medical devices and eventually lead to therapeutic tissue grafting.
Design of a high resolution positron emission tomograph using solid state scintillation detectors (1988)

A novel type of positron camera achieving nearly isotropic spatial resolution and uniform sensitivity throughout the useful field of view is proposed. The design is based on a quad scintillator dual-channel detector module using two avalanche photodiodes as photodetectors. Original features include bilayered scintillators to measure the depth of interaction, tilted detectors relative to the radial direction to ensure proper sampling in a stationary mode, multiring capability, and an independent acquisition channel for every discrete detector. Significantly better resolution is obtained toward the edges of the camera field, and the sampling uniformity near the center is improved. Multiring systems with a slice thickness of 5 mm can be implemented to achieve true volume imaging with symmetrical 3-D spatial resolution. The performance of the proposed design is analyzed in terms of resolution, sensitivity, contrast, and field uniformity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Luminous efficacy enhancement of ultraviolet-excited white light-emitting diodes through multilayered phosphor-in-glass (2016)

To enhance the luminous efficacy of ultraviolet-excited white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), a novel packaging structure that is based on a multilayered red, green, and blue (RGB) phosphor-in-glass (PiG) was proposed. The RGB PiG was prepared by screenprinting and low temperature sintering, and the effects of different configuration orders of RGB phosphor layers on the optical performance of WLEDs were studied. Compared with the conventional mixed-RGB PiG, the luminous efficacy of WLEDs packaged by the multilayered PiG with the order of R-G-B is increased by 8.2% at the driving current of 500 mA, and the corresponding correlated color temperature (CCT) and color rendering index (CRI) are 2984 K and 86.8, respectively. Moreover, the WLEDs packaged by multilayered G-R-B PiG yield the highest luminous efficacy of 27.19 lm/W at the expense of color quality, which is still an acceptable warm light, with a CCT of 3326 K and a CRI of 84.2.
The B cell response in multiple sclerosis (2006)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques and CSF contain increased amounts of intrathecally synthesized IgG, manifest as oligoclonal bands (OCBs) after protein electrophoresis. OCBs are not unique to MS and are also produced in infectious diseases of the CNS, in which the oligoclonal IgG has been shown to be antibody directed against the disease-causing agent. Thus, analysis of antibody specificity may identify the causative agent/antigen in MS. This review discusses recent studies that have analyzed the phenotypes of B cells in MS which infiltrate the CNS and the molecular features of their antigen-binding regions. Together with histologic studies showing the presence of ectopic lymphoid follicles in the meninges of some MS patients, this data supports the notion of a targeted and compartmentalized humoral response in MS.
Mononuclear Barium Diketonate Polyamine Adducts. Synthesis, Structures, and Use in MOCVD of Barium Titanate (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMononuclear Barium Diketonate Polyamine Adducts. Synthesis, Structures, and Use in MOCVD of Barium TitanateRobin A. Gardiner, Douglas C. Gordon, Gregory T. Stauf, Brian A. Vaartstra, Robert L. Ostrander, and Arnold L. RheingoldCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 11, 1967–1970Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00047a013https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00047a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
5 Gbit/s optical FSK modulation of a 1530-nm DFB laser (1988)

A 4 GHz bandwidth FM response has been obtained with a BH-DFB laser diode emitting at 1530 nm. With this laser, 5 Gbit/s optical FSK modulation has been demonstrated for the first time.
A hybrid high-Tc superconductor K-band amplifier with filter (1993)

This paper presents the design and performance of a hybrid semiconductor/superconductor microwave integrated circuit (MIC) K-band channelized amplifier. The circuit combines the high frequency, high performance advantages of a cryogenically cooled GaAs PHEMT with the low loss, high Q properties of an HTSC filter and matching networks. A comparison of measured and predicted results is presented: the filter/amplifier combination has a measured noise figure of 1.8dB, with an associated gain of 7.1dB at 18.9GHz.
An Efficient and Stereoselective Synthesis of (<i>E</i>)-α-Enones via Arsonium Salts. Preparation of Key Intermediates for the Synthesis of Brassinosteroid and Prostaglandin (1988)

(E)-1-Alkenyl alkyl ketones [(E)-α-Enones] are prepared in high yields and with high stereoselectivity by reaction of (2-oxoalkyl)triphenylarsonium bromides with aldehydes under solid-liquid phase-transfer conditions. Application of this methodology to the preparation of key intermediates for the synthesis of brassinosteroid and prostaglandin PGF2α is also reported.
A Fully Embedded 60-GHz Novel BPF for LTCC System-in-Package Applications (2006)

In this paper, a novel LTCC stripline (SL) 60-GHz band-pass filter (BPF) composed of transitions to coplanar waveguide (CPW) pads for monolithic microwave integrated circuit integration is presented. For low-loss interconnection with active devices, a CPW-to-SL vertical via transition integrating air cavities and a CPW-to-CPW planar transition using internal ground planes are proposed and implemented. The fabricated transition shows an insertion loss of 1.6 dB and a reflection loss below -20 dB at the passband of the filter. The implemented SL BPF using dual-mode patch resonators shows a center frequency of 60.4 GHz, 3.5 % bandwidth, and reflection losses below -15 dB at the passband. Excluding the insertion loss of the transitions, the filter insertion loss reveals 4.0 dB
Tetrahydropyranyl‐ and furanyl‐protected polyhydroxystyrene in chemical amplification systems (1991)

Abstract Tetrahydropyranyl‐ (THP) and furanyl‐ (THF) protected polyhydroxystyrene (PHS) polymers have been investigated for their potential use in conjunction with onium salt acid precursors to yield high‐sensitivity resist systems. The synthesized polymers have high transmittance at 248 nm (the wavelength used in next‐generation excimer laser, KrF exposure tools). At 248 nm the transmittance for a 1‐μm thick film is ∼ 80% (Abs = 0.097 μm −1 ). The acid sensitivity of the acetal functionality at room temperature is high, requiring careful handling of all materials to prevent any premature deprotection of the hydroxy group. The highest lithographic sensitivities obtained so far with a system consisting of poly( p ‐tetrahydropyranyl‐oxy‐styrene) base resin and 1 mol % of bis ( p ‐ tert ‐butyl phenyl) iodinium triflate (TBIT) was ∼ 2 mJ / cm 2 . High‐resolution line and space patterns (0.35 μm) were obtained with a system comprising PHS‐ p ‐THP and an acid precursor, using an excimer laser step and repeat exposure at 248 nm.
<i>IN VITRO</i> DUODENAL IRON UPTAKE AND SERUM AND MUCOSAL IRON PROTEIN LEVELS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (1995)

Duodenal biopsies from control subjects, patients with iron-deficiency anaemia and rheumatoid arthritic patients with anaemia of chronic disorders (ACD) were investigated for their ability to take up 59Fe from iron ascorbate. Additionally, duodenal tissues were analysed for iron and immunoreactive ferritin and transferrin. Biopsies from iron-deficient subjects showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in the apparent Vmax for 59Fe uptake, compared to control values. Uptake was inversely related to body iron stores. ACD patients showed similar rates of 59Fe uptake to controls; the rates were independent of the degree of anaemia or serum ferritin levels. Tissue analysis showed reductions in mucosal iron and ferritin levels in iron-deficient patients, whilst transferrin levels were within the normal range. ACD patients also exhibited lower mucosal iron levels, but had iron protein levels within the normal range. It is suggested that factors distant from the intestinal mucosa influence iron absorption in ACD.
Paranormed Sequence spaces w u v p ( , ; ), w u v p 0 ( , ; ) and w u v p ( , ; )generated by weighted mean (2014)

The sequence spaces 0 ( ), ( ) w p w p and () wp were introduced and studied by I.J. Maddox
Learning to Incorporate Structure Knowledge for Image Inpainting (2020)

This paper develops a multi-task learning framework that attempts to incorporate the image structure knowledge to assist image inpainting, which is not well explored in previous works. The primary idea is to train a shared generator to simultaneously complete the corrupted image and corresponding structures — edge and gradient, thus implicitly encouraging the generator to exploit relevant structure knowledge while inpainting. In the meantime, we also introduce a structure embedding scheme to explicitly embed the learned structure features into the inpainting process, thus to provide possible preconditions for image completion. Specifically, a novel pyramid structure loss is proposed to supervise structure learning and embedding. Moreover, an attention mechanism is developed to further exploit the recurrent structures and patterns in the image to refine the generated structures and contents. Through multi-task learning, structure embedding besides with attention, our framework takes advantage of the structure knowledge and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods on benchmark datasets quantitatively and qualitatively.
Understanding the accuracy of statistical haplotype inference with sequence data of known phase (2007)

Statistical methods for haplotype inference from multi-site genotypes of unrelated individuals have important application in association studies and population genetics. Understanding the factors that affect the accuracy of this inference is important, but their assessment has been restricted by the limited availability of biological data with known phase. We created hybrid cell lines monosomic for human chromosome 19 and produced single-chromosome complete sequences of a 48 kb genomic region in 39 individuals of African American (AA) and European American (EA) origin. We employ these phase-known genotypes and coalescent simulations to assess the accuracy of statistical haplotype reconstruction by several algorithms. Accuracy of phase inference was considerably low in our biological data even for regions as short as 25-50 kb, suggesting that caution is needed when analyzing reconstructed haplotypes. Moreover, the reliability of estimated confidence in phase inference is not high enough to allow for a reliable incorporation of site-specific uncertainty information in subsequent analyses. We show that, in samples of certain mixed ancestry (AA and EA populations), the most accurate haplotypes are probably obtained when increasing sample size by considering the largest, pooled sample, despite the hypothetical problems associated with pooling across those heterogeneous samples. Strategies to improve confidence in reconstructed haplotypes, and realistic alternatives to the analysis of inferred haplotypes, are discussed.
Modal analysis of loaded N-port scatterers (1973)

An <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> -port loaded scatter is one having <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> ports to which lumped impedance loads or a load network is connected. Methods are given to determine the characteristic modes of a loaded scatterer and for using them in a modal solution for electromagnetic scattering. A procedure is also given for resonating any given real port current, which makes that current the dominant mode of the loaded scatterer. The theory is formulated both in terms of open-circuit and short-circuit network parameters. A number of numerical examples are given for a wire triangle to illustrate the general theory. Computer programs are available for all procedures discussed.
Analysis of Signboard Characteristics and Dictionary Construction for Text Recognition in Signboard Images (2008)

간판 텍스트 인식 및 번역은 관광지나 주요도심을 찾는 외국인 또는 외지인에게 정보제공과 의사결정을 지원하는 목적으로 제공된다. 간판 텍스트 인식 연구에서 인식기의 훈련과 성능 측정을 위해서는 간판영상 데이터 수집과 상호명 출현단어 사전구축이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 간판영상 데이터를 다양한 환경에서 수집하고 특성을 분석하며 상호명 출현 단어의 사전을 구축한다. 본 연구에서는 총 1000여장의 간판을 여러 조건에서 획득하였고 10여만 상호명에서 출현한 단어로 상호명 인식용 사전을 구축하였다. The sign recognition and translation offer information and support decision making for foreigners or city tourist. Collecting sign images and building words in signs are essential to train machine recognizers and to evaluate systems. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of sign images. The collected sign images are about 1000 captured from difference conditions and locations. We also build a dictionary of words in 100,000 sign names.
Immobilization of Liposomes and Vesicles on Patterned Surfaces by a Peptide Coiled‐Coil Binding Motif (2012)

Patchy surfaces: An azide-terminated self-assembled monolayer was patterned with the peptide sequence (EIAALEK)(3) by using microcontact printing. This sequence forms stable coiled-coil heterodimers with the complementary peptide (KIAALKE)(3). By introducing this peptide to the surface of phospholipid liposomes and cyclodextrin vesicles, liposomes and vesicles can be immobilized at the patterned surface.
Jam Tomorrow: Collaborative Music Generation in Croquet Using OpenAL (2006)

We propose a music generation software that allows large numbers of users to collaborate. In a virtual world, groups of users generate music simultaneously at different places in a room. This can be realized using OpenAL sound sources. The generated musical pieces have to be modifiable while they are playing and all collaborating users should immediately see and hear the results of such modifications. We are testing these concepts within Croquet by implementing a software called Jam Tomorrow
SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL C-ORGANOSILICON DERIVATIVES, POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION (1995)

Abstract A series of silylated nucleobases was synthesized as potential therapeutic agents against HIV. These compounds were designed to interact with the active site of HIV Reverse Transcriptase (RT). Such molecules might therefore inhibit the reverse transcription process of the virus. Key Words: Nucleobasessilanolssiloxane 2D-NMRHIVreverse transcriptase