gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Image archiving by content: an object-oriented approach</title> (1990)

In this paper we present initial work on the design and implementation of an image database system for medical images. The objective of this project is the development of an environment that will permit the quick and intelligent access of images using their content. An image database is a complex system consisting of many components that must be unified and integrated. These are the image analysis component that derives a representation of the stored images, the database component, and the user interface component. This paper focuses primarily on the justification of the design decisions, an illustration of the major features of such a system, and a requirements definition for its implementation. An object-oriented approach is proposed which meets these requirements. The capabilities of an object-oriented data model are demonstrated and possible extensions, needed to meet the data modeling requirements, are discussed.
Low-Complexity LDPC Codes with Near-Optimum Performance over the BEC (2008)

Recent works showed how low-density parity-check (LDPC) erasure correcting codes, under maximum likelihood (ML) decoding, are capable of tightly approaching the performance of an ideal maximum-distance-separable code on the binary erasure channel. Such result is achievable down to low error rates, even for small and moderate block sizes, while keeping the decoding complexity low, thanks to a class of decoding algorithms which exploits the sparseness of the parity-check matrix to reduce the complexity of Gaussian elimination (GE). In this paper the main concepts underlying ML decoding of LDPC codes are recalled. A performance analysis among various LDPC code classes is then carried out, including a comparison with fixed-rate Raptor codes. The results confirm that a judicious LDPC code design allows achieving achieving a near-optimum performance on the erasure channel, with very low error floors. Furthermore, it is shown that LDPC and Raptor codes, under ML decoding, provide almost identical performance in terms of decoding failure probability vs. overhead.
Polymorphic type inference and assignment (1991)

We present a new approach to the polymorphic typing of data accepting in-place modification in ML-like languages. This approach is based on restrictions over type generalization, and a refined typing of functions. The type system given here leads to a better integration of imperative programming style with the purely applicative kernel of ML. In particular, generic functions that allocate mutable data can safely be given fully polymorphic types. We show the soundness of this type system, and give a type reconstruction algorithm.
A novel biotinylated degradable polymer for cell‐interactive applications (1998)

We describe the development of a novel biodegradable polymer designed to present bioactive motifs at the surfaces of materials of any architecture. The polymer is a block copolymer of biotinylated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA); it utilizes the high-affinity coupling of the biotin–avidin system to undergo postfabrication surface engineering. We show, using surface plasmon resonance analysis (SPR) and confocal microscopy that surface engineering can be achieved under aqueous conditions in short time periods. These surfaces interact with cell surface molecules and generate beneficial responses as demonstrated by the model study of integrin-mediated spreading of endothelial cells on polymer surfaces presenting RGD peptide adhesion sequences. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58: 529–535, 1998.
Treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: a review of conventional and promising new therapeutic options. (2013)

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a retinal vascular disease of premature infants, continues to be a major cause of preventable childhood blindness all over the world. The incidence of ROP varies among countries, being influenced by the quality of the level of neonatal intensive care. Here, we discuss the potential treatments that are now available or will soon or probably be available for ROP. Although ablation of the avascular retina with laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and well established therapy for ROP, some new therapeutic options including angiostatic therapies are being explored based on our knowledge of the pathophysiology of the ROP and complications and efficacy of laser treatment. However, prevention of the development of severe ROP and screening for ROP seem to be the best strategy in avoiding visual impairment caused by ROP in premature infants. New therapeutic interventions including vascular endothelial growth factor antibody administration, gene therapy and supplemental therapies should be supported with evidence-based data for the treatment of ROP.
Yet another Hybrid Strategy for Auto-tuning SpMV on GPUs (2015)

Sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) is a key linear algebra algorithm and is widely used in many application domains. Besides multi-core architecture, there is also extensive research focusing on accelerating SpMV on many-core Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). SpMV computations have many indirect and irregular memory accesses, and load imbalance could occur while mapping computations onto single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) GPUs. SpMV is highly memory bandwidth-bound, though GPUs have massive computational resources, the performance of SpMV on GPUs is still unsatisfying. In this paper, we present a new hybrid strategy for auto-tuning SpMV on GPUs. Our strategy combines the advantages of row-major storage and column-major storage. Like many other strategies, we reordered a given sparse matrix according to row lengths in decreasing order. In order to be more adaptive and efficient, we proposed a new hybrid Blocked CSR and JDS (BCJ) format based on original CSR and JDS. BCJ splits a sparse matrix into a denser part and a sparser part after reordering and uses different kernels to process the corresponding part. And we proposed corresponding auto-tuning framework to help transforming matrix and launching kernels according to the sparsity characteristics of the matrix. A CUDA implementation of BCJ outperforms the original formats significantly on a broad range of unstructured sparse matrices.
Platinum Nanoparticle During Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution: Adsorbate Distribution, Active Reaction Species, and Size Effect (2015)

For small Pt nanoparticles (NPs), catalytic activity is, as observed, adversely affected by size in the 1–3 nm range. We elucidate, via first-principles-based thermodynamics, the operation H* distribution and cyclic voltammetry (CV) during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) across the electrochemical potential, including the underpotential region (U ≤ 0) that is difficult to assess in experiment. We consider multiple adsorption sites on a 1 nm Pt NP model and show that the characteristic CV peaks from different H* species correspond well to experiment. We next quantify the activity contribution from each H* species to explain the adverse effect of size. From the resolved CV peaks at the standard hydrogen electrode potential (U = 0), we first deduce that the active species for the HER are the partially covered (100)-facet bridge sites and the (111)-facet hollow sites. Upon evaluation of the reaction barriers at operation H* distribution and microkinetic modeling of the exchange current, we find that the nearest-neighbor (100)-facet bridge site pairs have the lowest activation energy and contribute to ∼75% of the NP activity. Edge bridge sites (fully covered by H*) per se are not active; however, they react with neighboring (100)-facet H* to account for ∼18% of the activity, whereas (111)-facet hollow sites contribute little. Extrapolating the relative contributions to larger NPs in which the ratio of facet-to-edge sites increases, we show that the adverse size effect of Pt NP HER activity kicks in for sizes below 2 nm.
New surface wave launchers for sustaining plasma columns at submicrowave frequencies (1–300 MHz) (1987)

We describe new surface wave launchers intended to sustain plasma columns with high-frequency (hf) power in the range of 1–300 MHz. This frequency range complements that of the existing surface wave plasma generators (surfatron and surfaguide launchers), which are best suited to operate in the microwave domain (≳300 MHz). With the addition of this new type of launchers, called Ro-box, it is now feasible to achieve a surface wave produced plasma column at applied frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 10 GHz. The possibility of using the same physical hf coupling mechanism (surface wave propagation) over such a broad frequency band is an unprecedented situation with hf produced plasmas. This is of interest for both fundamental and applied physics, as it allows frequency effect investigations and frequency optimization of plasma processes. The new devices can be made so that the wave-launching and the impedance-matching functions are physically separated, leading to a modular design, a feature that facilitates changing the plasma tube diameter and the operating frequency range. A further advantage of the new devices is that their launching section can be implemented around the discharge tube more compactly than with the other surface wave launchers.
Hepatic microcirculatory perfusion failure is a determinant of liver dysfunction in warm ischemia-reperfusion. (1994)

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is characterized by circulatory and metabolic derangements, liver dysfunction, and tissue damage. However, little is known about the causative role of I/R-induced microcirculatory disturbance on the manifestation of postischemic reperfusion injury. Therefore, the intention of the study was to assess changes of hepatic microvascular perfusion (intravital fluorescence microscopy) as related to hepatic morphology (light/electron microscopy), hepatocellular integrity (serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities), and excretory function (bile flow). Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 20 minutes (group B, n = 9) and 60 minutes (group C, n = 9) of left hepatic lobar ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Sham-operated animals without ischemia served as controls (group A, n = 10). Lobar ischemia for 20 minutes followed by reperfusion resulted in a significant reduction of sinusoidal perfusion rate (93.9 +/- 1.4%; P < 0.05) and a decrease in erythrocyte flux (90.0 +/- 5.6%) when compared with controls (99.4 +/- 0.2 and 97.9 +/- 2.7%). This was accompanied by a significant increase of serum AST and ALT activities (P < 0.05) and a reduction of bile flow (P < 0.05). Prolongation of lobar ischemia (group C, 60 minutes) aggravated postischemic reperfusion injury (sinusoidal perfusion rate: 87.4 +/- 2.9%; erythrocyte flux: 62.1 +/- 8.4%) and was paralleled by severed hepatocellular damage. Electron microscopy of postischemic tissue demonstrated alteration of nonparenchymal cells (swelling of sinusoidal lining cells and widening of Disse's space) and substantial parenchymal cell damage (swelling of mitochondria, disarrangement of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, vacuolization, complete cytoplasmic degeneration). Initial postischemic increase in serum AST and ALT activities and reduction of bile flow directly correlated with the extent of microcirculatory failure (P < 0.01), ie, impairment of sinusoidal perfusion and decrease of erythrocyte flux, indicating the decisive role of microvascular perfusion failure for the manifestation of hepatic tissue damage and liver dysfunction.
Methyl (E)-6-Nonenoate: a New Mediterranean Fruit Fly Male Attractant12 (1979)

Several synthesized formulations of substances indentified from volatiles of male Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann) were highly attractive to these males in field evaluations. In treatments exposed in Steiner plastic traps or in delta-shaped Jackson cardboard traps, methyl (E)-6-nonenoate, the least complex of the formulations tested, was as attractive to males as trimedlure, the current standard lure for male Mediterranean fruit flies. Both substances remained attractive much longer when they were applied to cotton wicks placed in perforated polyethylene vial stoppers than when they were placed on cotton wicks not contained in vials. Neither the Z-isomer nor any of 3 positional isomers of methyl (E)-6-nonenoate tested was attractive to either sex of Mediterranean fruit flies in laboratory bioassays.
Minimizing production test time to detect faults in analog circuits (1994)

Analog testing is a difficult task without a clearcut methodology. Analog circuits are tested for satisfying their specifications, not for faults. Given the high cost of testing analog specifications, it is proposed that tests for analog circuits should be designed to detect faults. Therefore analog fault modeling is discussed. Based on an analysis of the types of tests needed for different types of faults, algorithms for fault-driven test set selection are presented. A major reduction in testing time should come from reducing the number of specification tests that need to be performed. Hence algorithms are presented for minimizing specification testing time. After specification testing time is minimized, the resulting test sets are supplemented with some simple, possibly non-specification, tests to achieve 100% fault coverage. Examples indicate that fault-driven test set development can lead to drastic reductions in production testing time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Photopolymerization mechanisms. I. Dye-triplet reactions with p-substituted benzenesulfinate ions (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotopolymerization mechanisms. I. Dye-triplet reactions with p-substituted benzenesulfinate ionsJ. D. Margerum, A. M. Lackner, M. J. Little, and C. T. PetrusisCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 20, 3066–3074Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100689a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100689a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Will Globalization Survive (2005)

Globalization is not inevitable. It depends on politics. Today, it depends above all on US politics. Without successful US leadership, the present globalization may founder, just as the last one did. In this article Martin Wolf, associate editor and chief economics commentator at the Financial Times, starts by analysing the driving forces behind globalization. He then looks at its impact, before examining the risks that lie ahead. He concludes with a few ways to minimise those risks.
Silver–polyimide nanocomposite membranes: Macromolecular‐matrix‐mediated metallization of an aromatic, fluorinated polyimide yielding highly reflective films at low metal concentrations (2006)

Abstract Highly reflective, surface‐metalized, flexible polyimide films were prepared by the incorporation of a soluble silver‐ion complex, (hexafluoroacetylacetonato)silver(I) (AgHFA), into dimethylacetamide solutions of poly(amic acid) prepared from 2,2‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride and 2,2‐bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane. The thermal curing of solution‐cast silver(I)–poly(amic acid) films to 300°C led to cycloimidization of the amic acid with concomitant silver(I) reduction and the formation of a reflective, air‐side‐silvered surface at very low (2 wt % and 0.3 vol %) silver concentrations. The reflective surface evolved only when the cure temperature reached about 275°C, although X‐ray diffraction showed metallic silver in the hybrid film by 200°C. After a maximum specular reflectivity greater than 80% was achieved for the 2 wt % silver film, the specular reflectivity diminished sharply with further heating at a constant temperature of 300°C. Incorporating the AgHFA complex into the soluble, fully imidized form of poly{(1,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐dioxo‐2 H ‐isoindole‐2,5‐diyl)[2,2,2‐trifluoro‐1‐(trifluoromethyl)ethylidene](1,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐dioxo‐2 H ‐isoindole‐5,2‐diyl)‐1,4‐phenyleneoxy‐1,4‐phenylene[2,2,2‐trifluoro‐1‐(trifluoromethyl)ethylidene]‐1,4‐phenyleneoxy‐1,4‐phenylene} gave films that were 25% less reflective than those beginning with poly(amic acid). Though highly reflective, the films were not electrically conductive. The metalized membranes were thermally stable and maintained mechanical properties similar to those of the parent polyimide. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an air‐side, near‐surface layer of silver that was about 40 nm thick; the interior of the film had well‐dispersed metal particles with diameters mostly less than 2 nm. The near‐surface silver layer maintained its integrity because of physical entrapment of the metal nanoparticles beneath a thin layer of polyimide; that is, the practical adhesion of the metal layer was good. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2409–2418, 2007
Secondary gas penetrations in ribs during full‐shot gas‐assisted injection molding (2003)

Abstract Although gas‐assisted injection molding (GAIM) eliminates sink marks and prevents warpage, many problems are encountered during gas‐assisted filling owing to gas–melt flow interactions. Large voids created by gas penetration during gas‐assisted filling result in degraded rigidity. To avoid gas‐assisted filling, the shot weight is increased to 100%. Gas is injected after the cavity is completely filled. The so‐called “full‐shot gas‐assisted injection molding” process is investigated in this paper. The effects of the processing conditions and rib geometry on the behavior of gas penetration are systematically investigated. High melt temperature and a short gas injection delay time are found to increase the length of gas penetration during full‐shot GAIM. Wide ribs and ribs with fillets cause the gas penetration length to decrease. Although the mechanisms of gas penetration for short‐shot and full‐shot GAIMs are not identical, the resulting penetration patterns of the gas void shape are similar.© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 22: 225–237, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.10051
Unification phonology (1990)

Article Free AccessUnification phonology: another look at "synthesis-by-rule" Share on Author: John Coleman University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom University of York, Heslington, York, United KingdomView Profile Authors Info & Claims COLING '90: Proceedings of the 13th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 3August 1990 Pages 79–84https://doi.org/10.3115/991146.991161Published:20 August 1990 3citation237DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations3Total Downloads237Last 12 Months32Last 6 weeks18 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Improving heat transfer performance of printed circuit boards (2009)

There is a trend continuing in the electronics industry where high reliability electronic packages are using standard epoxy glass and polyimide substrates over ceramic based substrates. This is a result of improved fabrication accuracy and consistent raw material properties. Increased processing power is resulting in increased heat generation. Printed circuit boards are becoming very dense as a result of improved fabrication processes that allow smaller vias, smaller trace line width/spaces and pad size. This is combined with designs that have multiple internal conductive layers that routinely reach 20 to 25 layers. This increased processing power is affecting printed circuit board designs for space electronic applications. The additional heat must be conducted from a microprocessor or power device through the printed circuit board to the board frame or chassis. This has been achievable for processing devices by utilizing thick copper layers and thermal vias to transfer the resultant heat. The result of increasing the copper thickness is an increase in mass which is an undesirable condition where the goal for electronics is a smaller and lighter electronic package.
Regression tests to expose change interaction errors (2013)

Changes often introduce program errors, and hence recent software testing literature has focused on generating tests which stress changes. In this paper, we argue that changes cannot be treated as isolated program artifacts which are stressed via testing. Instead, it is the complex dependency across multiple changes which introduce subtle errors. Furthermore, the complex dependence structures, that need to be exercised to expose such errors, ensure that they remain undiscovered even in well tested and deployed software. We motivate our work based on empirical evidence from a well tested and stable project - Linux GNU Coreutils - where we found that one third of the regressions take more than two (2) years to be fixed, and that two thirds of such long-standing regressions are introduced due to change interactions for the utilities we investigated.
Fully iterative array for extracting square roots (1970)

A cellular array is proposed for extracting square roots. In contrast to an earlier proposal, both the cells and the interconnection of cells are identical.
Cash withdrawal from ATM machine using Mobile banking (2016)

Aim of this research paper is to propose an enhanced feature to improve the service of ATM cash withdrawal in less time with more level of security. This research is to combine the ATM & Mobile banking to reduce the time of withdrawal money from ATM with increasing level of security by adding a new feature in the Mobile banking. There is no change required to the existing system but some addition required, which makes no impact on existing system. This research, which will increase the speed of cash withdrawal almost 3 times fast; could have positive impact on the customer's satisfaction, if proper functioning is ensured by the banks. The research can be used by banks to improve the services of ATM and can enhance the overall satisfaction of their customers & save cost for new ATMs.