gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of anti-B monoclonal antibodies (DBB.42, DBA.44, DNA.7, and DND.53) reactive on paraffin-embedded tissues with a new B-lymphoma cell line grafted into athymic nude mice (1989)

A new B-lymphoma cell line (DEAU-cell line) was established from a diffuse large-cell lymphoma (centroblastic type) and was successfully grafted in athymic nude mice. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were generated using splenocytes of DEAU-tumor bearing mice. Before the fusion experiments, cellular immunity of the mice bearing growing DEAU tumors was restored by injection of spleen cells from conventional Balb/C mice. Spleen cells from conventional Balb/C mice immunized with DEAU-cell line were also used for the generation of MoAbs. Four MoAbs (DBB.42 and DBA.44 from normal Balb/C mice, and DNA.7 and DND.53 from athymic nude mice) were investigated because they identified B-cell- associated antigens not destroyed by fixatives. DBB.42 recognized a pan- B cell-associated antigen (molecular weight (mol wt) = 45 Kd). DBA.44 detected a B-cell antigen (mol wt not determined) expressed on a subpopulation of B lymphocytes in the mantle zone of lymphoid follicles. DNA.7 also defined a B-cell antigen (43 Kd) mainly expressed on germinal center cells. Similarly, DND.53 recognized a B-cell antigen (two bands of mol wt 20 Kd and 35 Kd, respectively) mainly expressed on germinal center cells and mantle zone lymphocytes and interdigitating reticulum cells in the paracortical area. Major differences were found in the reactivities of these MoAbs on malignant lymphomas. DBB.42 was positive with almost all B-cell lymphomas and some T-cell lymphomas. Within the group of low-grade B-cell lymphomas, DBA.44 reacted principally with hairy-cell leukemia. DNA.7 reacted mainly with high- grade B-cell lymphomas with a weak positivity in low-grade B-cell lymphomas. DND.53 reacted with all but one B-cell lymphoma, cells of histiocytosis X, and Reed-Sternberg cells. These findings indicate that new MoAbs can be generated by using spleen cells from athymic mice bearing human tumors as well as by new lymphoid cell lines. The MoAbs so generated, as in the present study, are deemed potentially useful for the recognition of B-cell lymphomas in routine diagnostic histopathology. In addition, DND.53 could be of value for the diagnosis of histiocytosis X and the detection of Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease.
The effect of dual satellite diversity on the total capacity of multiple band-shared CDMA LEOS systems (2002)

It has been proposed to use path diversity for improved performance of CDMA systems over a low-earth orbiting satellite channel. The authors are interested in determining the feasibility of having multiple service providers share the same spectrum in a mobile communication scenario. To accomplish this, they compare the total capacity when n systems are operational to that when only a single system uses the frequency band; in either case, a single system employs two satellites to achieve path diversity. This comparison is made for the downlink under one of two possible constraints, either a maximum power flux density limit per system or an aggregate power flux density limitation. In previous work the authors showed that, when each system has one satellite in view and each employs orthogonal spreading, that multiple systems can achieve larger capacity than a single system in some situations, depending upon shadowing conditions and system design parameters. That this is possible at all is due to constraints on the power spectral density (PSD) either from each satellite, or from the aggregate of all satellites. The results of the present paper, for the case when two satellites are in view in each system, show no fundamental or qualitative change in the conclusions; however the actual crossover conditions for when an increase in capacity is possible do change.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vision Based Robot Programming (2008)

Programming of industrial robots is normally carried out via so-called "Teach" or "Offline" programming methodologies. Both methodologies have associated weaknesses like a high time consumption for programming on sculptured surfaces (especially "Teach"), and both methodologies cannot, at the same time, carry information of the real work piece and the ideal work piece (CAD-model). To be able to see both the real and ideal world is especially important when the industrial robot is used in manufacturing processes like machining, grinding, deburring etc. where the difference between the real and ideal world represents the material removal. This paper presents a new vision based programming methodology which combines information of the real and ideal world, especially adapted for robot grinding and deburring operations. Further, the presented methodology is especially developed with simplicity in mind when it comes to man-machine communication. Thus, a standard marker pen can be used by the operator to draw the robot path directly onto the work piece. This line is captured by a vision system and finally leads to the generation of the robot path. The presented methodology is a further development of the previous work of the authors as presented (Solvang et al., 2007 and Sziebig, 2007), especially concerning optimization of the robot tool positioning with respect to a work piece surface.
Secure data replication over untrusted hosts (2003)

Data replication is a widely used technique for achieving fault tolerance and improved performance. With the advent of content delivery networks, it is becoming more and more frequent that data content is placed on hosts that are not directly controlled by the content owner, and because of this, security mechanisms to protect data integrity are necessary. In this paper we present a system architecture that allows arbitrary queries to be supported on data content replicated on untrusted servers. To prevent these servers from returning erroneous answers to client queries, we make use of a small number of trusted hosts that randomly check these answers and take corrective action whenever necessary. Additionally, our system employs an audit mechanism that guarantees that any untrusted server acting maliciously will eventually be detected and excluded from the system. 1
A String Comparison Approach to Process Logic Differences between Business Process Models (2006)

Analyzing process logic differences between company's process and best practice process can assist project team in discovering process improvement opportunities. Process logic comparison has been mentioned in some literature, but research in this area still lacks effectively and efficiently analytical approach.
Amitriptyline and Procainamide Inhibition of Cocaine and Cocaethylene Degradation in Human Serum In Vitro (1999)

Amitriptyline (AMI) and procainamide (PA) have been reported to inhibit the activity of human plasma butyrylcholinesterase, an enzyme important in the metabolic degradation of cocaine (COC) and its ethyl analogue cocaethylene (CE). Because both AMI and PA may be used in the treatment of COC intoxication and abuse, the effect of high pharmacological concentrations of these compounds on the degradation of COC and CE in pooled human serum was studied. AMI (1.8 micromol/L) modestly inhibited the degradation of COC by 4.2% and of CE by 4.0%. PA (42.5 micromol/L) profoundly inhibited degradation of COC by 42.7% and of CE by 47.2%. In contrast, lithium carbonate (1 mmol/L, control) showed no inhibition of degradation of either COC or CE. These results suggest that AMI and PA may prolong the half-life of COC and CE in human serum.
CONSIDERATION ABOUT APPLICATION OF LOS CONCEPT ON HIGHWAY SYSTEM MANAGEMENT (2004)

道路のサービス水準は道路管理者が適切な道路管理 (計画, 設計, 維持管理, 更新) を行う拠り所であり重要な概念である. 例えば道路の横断面は道路利用者の交通の質が望ましい目標状態になるように設計される. 本稿では道路管理においてはサービス水準指標やその閾値が道路管理の利用目的と目標交通運用状態によって決定されるべき事を整理し, 日米独の高速道路設計時の目標サービス水準に関する考え方を紹介して考察した. また, サービス水準の目標値となり得る二つの交通特性指標値を例示し, 理論的にも説明しやすさの点でも適切な閾値の設定が重要であることを述べた.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermolysis of C<sub>15</sub>N<sub>12</sub> (1996)

Synthesis of 1-methyl-2-fluoro-4,5-dicyanoimidazole was done by halogen exchange between 1-methyl-2-bromo-4,5-dicyanoimidazole and potassium fluoride. Halogen exchange between 1-methyl-2-bromo-4,5-dicyanoimidazole and lithium chloride in N-methylpyrrolidinone at 150 degrees C yielded 1-methyl-2-chloro-4,5-dicyanoimidazole, and additional heating to 210 degrees C resulted in the demethylation to yield 2-chloro-4,5-dicyanoimidazole. Thermolyses of the 2-halo-4,5-dicyanoimidazole derivatives (F, Cl) and 1-iodo-2-halo-4,5-dicyanoimidazole derivatives (Cl, Br, I) between 100 and 290 degrees C were found to yield Tris(imidazo)[1,2-a:1,2-c:1,2-e]-1,3,5-triazine-2,3,5,6,8,9-hexacarbonitrile, or HTT, with (C(5)N(4))(3) composition. HTT has been characterized and purified and the crystal structure obtained. Thermolysis of HTT at 490-500 degrees C gives a material with C/N = 1.020. The thermal properties of HTT and its decomposition products show thermal stability to 350 degrees C.
Transcranial direct current stimulation of the affected hemisphere does not accelerate recovery of acute stroke patients (2012)

Five-daily sessions of anodal TDCS to the ipsilesional M1 appear to be safe in acute stroke patients but do not improve clinical outcome.
A Disposable Fiberoptic Arthroscope: A Cadaver Study (1994)

Nine fresh cadaver ankle joints underwent arthroscopy to determine effectiveness of a small diameter, disposable, fiberoptic arthroscope. A sequential examination of the joint was performed through routine anteromedial and anterolateral portals. The anterior aspect of the joint with all anatomical structures was well visualized via the two anterior portals. The posterior aspect of the joint was also well visualized via anterior portals without distraction due to the flexibility of the scope and its small diameter. The quality of the visualization of the posterior joint from the anterior portals alone was comparable to that from the posterior approach. The results of this study indicate that diagnostic arthroscopy of the ankle joint with this disposable 1.6-mm arthroscope is comparable to the standard 2.7-mm to 5-mm arthroscopes. The size, flexibility, and 30 degrees viewing angle of this scope allow excellent and thorough joint visualization by routine anterior portals and minimize the need for joint distractors and posterior portals during routine diagnostic ankle arthroscopy.
An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Investigation of the Overpotentials in Li–O<sub>2</sub> Batteries (2015)

Lithium-O2 (Li-O2) batteries are currently limited by a large charge overpotential at practically relevant current densities, and the origin of this overpotential has been heavily debated in the literature. This paper presents a series of electrochemical impedance measurements suggesting that the increase in charge potential is not caused by an increase in the internal resistance. It is proposed that the potential shift is instead dictated by a mixed potential of parasitic reactions and Li2O2 oxidation. The measurements also confirm that the rapid potential loss near the end of discharge ("sudden death") is explained by an increase in the charge transport resistance. The findings confirm that our theory and conclusions in ref 1, based on experiments on smooth small-area glassy carbon cathodes, are equally valid in real Li-O2 batteries with porous cathodes. The parameter variations performed in this paper are used to develop the understanding of the electrochemical impedance, which will be important for further improvement of the Li-air battery.
<i>elk</i> , Tissue-Specific <i>ets</i> -Related Genes on Chromosomes X and 14 Near Translocation Breakpoints (1989)

The myb-ets-containing acute leukemia virus, E26, transforms myeloblasts and erythroblasts in culture and causes a mixed erythroid and myeloid leukemia in chicks. Genes (ets-1, ets-2, and erg) with variable relatedness to the v-ets oncogene of the E26 virus have been identified, cloned, and characterized in several species. Two new members (elk-1 and elk-2) of the ets oncogene superfamily have now been identified. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the elk-1 cDNA clone revealed that this gene encodes a 428-residue protein whose predicted amino acid sequence showed 82% similarity to the 3' region of v-ets. The elk or related sequences appear to be transcriptionally active in testis and lung. The elk cDNA probe detects two loci in the human genome, elk-1 and elk-2, which map to chromosome regions Xp11.2 and 14q32.3, respectively. These loci are near the translocation breakpoint seen in the t(X;18) (p11.2;q11.2), which is characteristic of synovial sarcoma, and the chromosome 14q32 breakpoints seen in ataxia telangiectasia and other T cell malignancies. This suggests the possibility that rearrangements of elk loci may be involved in pathogenesis of certain tumors.
Privacy Preserving Social Network Publication against Mutual Friend Attacks (2013)

Publishing social network data for research purposes has raised serious concerns for individual privacy. There exist many privacy-preserving works that can deal with different attack models. In this paper, we introduce a novel privacy attack model and refer it as a mutual friend attack. In this model, the adversary can re-identify a pair of friends by using their number of mutual friends. To address this issue, we propose a new anonymity concept, called k-NMF anonymity, i.e., k-anonymity on the number of mutual friends, which ensures that there exist at least k-1 other friend pairs in the graph that share the same number of mutual friends. We devise algorithms to achieve the k-NMF anonymity while preserving the original vertex set in the sense that we allow the occasional addition but no deletion of vertices. Further we give an algorithm to ensure the k-degree anonymity in addition to the k-NMF anonymity. The experimental results on real-word datasets demonstrate that our approach can preserve the privacy and utility of social networks effectively against mutual friend attacks.
Nuclear matrix protein‐22: a prospective evaluation in a population at risk for bladder cancer. Results from the UroScreen study (2012)

NMP22 outcomes are affected by haematuria, infection and concentrated urine. NMP22 alone cannot be recommended for primary screening in a high-risk population nor as an alternative to cystoscopy during follow-up. A NMP22 test might be a useful adjunct to urine cytology.
Amphotericin B Activation of Human Genes Encoding for Cytokines (1998)

Amphotericin B has been shown to cause release of cytokines, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), from monocytes and macrophages. Human and murine monocytic cell lines were used to evaluate the effects of amphotericin B on the transcription of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha and the transcription and production of soluble IL-1 receptor antagonist (sIL-1Ra). The effects of inhibitors of transcription and translation on amphotericin B-induced IL-1beta expression in a human monocytic cell line were also evaluated. Amphotericin B markedly increased IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNA levels, with peak levels occurring by 4 h. Amphotericin B induced production of sIL-1Ra in a dose-dependent fashion and induced sIL-1Ra mRNA, with peak levels at 24 h. Cycloheximide and actinomycin D resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in amphotericin B-induced IL-1beta expression at 2 h. Thus, amphotericin B induces gene expression for IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-1Ra in human and murine monocytic cells.
Cell Density-Dependent Starvation Survival of <i>Rhizobium leguminosarum</i> bv. phaseoli: Identification of the Role of an N- Acyl Homoserine Lactone in Adaptation to Stationary-Phase Survival (1999)

The cell density dependence of stationary-phase survival of Rhizobium leguminosarum has been investigated. Following starvation by exhaustion of carbon or nitrogen, but not of phosphorus, the survival of cultures was dependent on the cell density at entry into stationary phase. High-density cultures survived with little or no loss of viability over a 20-day period in stationary phase. In contrast, low-density cultures lost viability rapidly but consisted of a heterogeneous population, a small fraction of which successfully adapted and eventually formed a stable, surviving population. The threshold density above which the cultures survived successfully in stationary phase was dependent on the growth conditions and the strain used. We took advantage of the fact that R. leguminosarum survives poorly following starvation by resuspension in carbon-free medium to demonstrate that cell density-dependent survival was mediated by a component accumulating in the growth medium. The effects of this medium component on survival in resuspension assays could be mimicked by an N-acyl homoserine lactone, N-(3R-hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone, previously demonstrated to have a role in controlling cell density-dependent phenomena in R. leguminosarum. The Sym plasmids pRP2JI and pRL1JI were found to be essential for the production of the extracellular factor, which could also be made in Escherichia coli carrying the cosmid clone pIJ1086 containing a specific region of pRL1JI.
Universal Passivation Effect of (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> Treatment on the Surface of III-V Compound Semiconductors (1991)

The effectiveness of (NH 4 ) 2 S x treatment on the (100) surface of GaP, (Al, Ga)As, InP and InAs was studied in comparison to that on GaAs by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). It was concluded that the existence of sulfur atoms bonded to semiconductors prevents the adsorption of oxygen. This phenomenon brings about the metal-dependent Schottky barrier fabricated on the (NH 4 ) 2 S x -treated surfaces, implying the reduction in the interface state density. The structure and effect of the (NH 4 ) 2 S x -treated surface of III-V compounds are qualitatively the same.
Studies on epoxidized rubber seed oil as plasticizer for acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (2003)

Abstract The application of rubber seed oil (RSO) and epoxidized RSO (ERSO) as a plasticizer in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) was studied using RSO and ERSO with different levels of epoxidation. The results indicated that ERSO could be used as a less leachable and low volatility plasticizer for NBR. The use of ERSO in NBR gave better abrasion resistance whereas the tensile strength and tear strength were comparable to those vulcanizates that contained dioctyl phthalate as a plasticizer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 668–673, 2003
Human Cytomegalovirus pUL83 Stimulates Activity of the Viral Immediate-Early Promoter through Its Interaction with the Cellular IFI16 Protein (2010)

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) virion protein pUL83 (also termed pp65) inhibits the expression of interferon-inducible cellular genes. In this work we demonstrate that pUL83 is also important for efficient induction of transcription from the viral major immediate-early promoter. Infection with a mutant virus containing a premature translation termination codon in the UL83 open reading frame (ORF) (UL83Stop) resulted in decreased transcription from the major immediate-early promoter in a time- and multiplicity-dependent manner. Expression of pUL83 alone is capable of transactivating the promoter in a reporter assay, and pUL83 associates with the promoter in infected cells. To investigate the mechanism by which the protein regulates the major immediate-early promoter, we utilized a mutant virus expressing an epitope-tagged pUL83 from its own promoter to identify protein binding partners for pUL83 during infection. We identified and confirmed the interaction of pUL83 with cellular IFI16 family members throughout the course of HCMV infection. pUL83 recruits IFI16 to the major immediate-early promoter, and IFI16 binding at the promoter is dependent upon the presence of pUL83. Consistent with the results obtained with the UL83Stop virus, infection of IFI16 knockdown cells with wild-type virus resulted in decreased levels of immediate-early transcripts compared to those of control cells. These data identify a previously unknown role for pUL83 in the initiation of the human cytomegalovirus gene expression cascade.
A syllable-based framework for unit selection synthesis in 13 Indian languages (2013)

In this paper, we discuss a consortium effort on building text to speech (TTS) systems for 13 Indian languages. There are about 1652 Indian languages. A unified framework is therefore attempted required for building TTSes for Indian languages. As Indian languages are syllable-timed, a syllable-based framework is developed. As quality of speech synthesis is of paramount interest, unit-selection synthesizers are built. Building TTS systems for low-resource languages requires that the data be carefully collected an annotated as the database has to be built from the scratch. Various criteria have to addressed while building the database, namely, speaker selection, pronunciation variation, optimal text selection, handling of out of vocabulary words and so on. The various characteristics of the voice that affect speech synthesis quality are first analysed. Next the design of the corpus of each of the Indian languages is tabulated. The collected data is labeled at the syllable level using a semiautomatic labeling tool. Text to speech synthesizers are built for all the 13 languages, namely, Hindi, Tamil, Marathi, Bengali, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, Gujarati, Rajasthani, Assamese, Manipuri, Odia and Bodo using the same common framework. The TTS systems are evaluated using degradation Mean Opinion Score (DMOS) and Word Error Rate (WER). An average DMOS score of ≈3.0 and an average WER of about 20 % is observed across all the languages.
A review of the mechanisms of cone degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa (2016)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited condition that features degeneration of rod and cone photoreceptors. In all forms of RP, the genetic mutation is expressed exclusively in rods; however, cones die too. The secondary death of cones in RP remains somewhat mysterious. A better understanding of the mechanisms that cause cone degeneration in RP could lead to novel treatments that preserve cones. There are a number of prevailing theories that attempt to explain cone degeneration in RP. One concept is that cone survival is dependent on trophic factors produced by rods. Another hypothesis is that cones suffer from a nutrient shortage after rods have been lost. Additionally, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory microglial activation have also been suggested to play a role in cone death. The present review evaluates the evidence supporting these theories and provides an update on the mechanisms of cone degeneration in RP.
Lubricant-derived ash : in-engine sources and opportunities for reduction (2010)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.