gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tensor Clustering for Rendering Many‐Light Animations (2008)

Abstract Rendering animations of scenes with deformable objects, camera motion, and complex illumination, including indirect lighting and arbitrary shading, is a long‐standing challenge. Prior work has shown that complex lighting can be accurately approximated by a large collection of point lights. In this formulation, rendering of animation sequences becomes the problem of efficiently shading many surface samples from many lights across several frames. This paper presents a tensor formulation of the animated many‐light problem, where each element of the tensor expresses the contribution of one light to one pixel in one frame. We sparsely sample rows and columns of the tensor, and introduce a clustering algorithm to select a small number of representative lights to efficiently approximate the animation. Our algorithm achieves efficiency by reusing representatives across frames, while minimizing temporal flicker. We demonstrate our algorithm in a variety of scenes that include deformable objects, complex illumination and arbitrary shading and show that a surprisingly small number of representative lights is sufficient for high quality rendering. We believe out algorithm will find practical use in applications that require fast previews of complex animation.
Sex hormones in postmenopausal HLA-identical rheumatoid arthritis discordant sibling pairs. (1992)

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone, androstenedione, 17-beta estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin have been assayed in 50 HLA-identical postmenopausal rheumatoid arthritis (RA) discordant sibling pairs. The only difference was for DHEAS, siblings with RA having a significantly lower level than their sisters. However, in 68 patients with RA, the level of DHEAS inversely correlated with disease duration, a radiographic grading score, the Health Assessment Questionnaire score, duration of morning stiffness, and a clinical score of disease activity and severity (the Spread/Severity index). These observations, taken with that of previous work on DHEAS, suggest that low levels may be a consequence of RA rather than predisposing to the disease. The role of sex hormones in RA will have to be approached in alternative ways.
Lithium Ion Battery Peformance of Silicon Nanowires with Carbon Skin (2013)

Silicon (Si) nanomaterials have emerged as a leading candidate for next generation lithium-ion battery anodes. However, the low electrical conductivity of Si requires the use of conductive additives in the anode film. Here we report a solution-based synthesis of Si nanowires with a conductive carbon skin. Without any conductive additive, the Si nanowire electrodes exhibited capacities of over 2000 mA h g(-1) for 100 cycles when cycled at C/10 and over 1200 mA h g(-1) when cycled more rapidly at 1C against Li metal. In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation reveals that the carbon skin performs dual roles: it speeds lithiation of the Si nanowires significantly, while also constraining the final volume expansion. The present work sheds light on ways to optimize lithium battery performance by smartly tailoring the nanostructure of composition of materials based on silicon and carbon.
Early termination strategies in sparse interpolation algorithms (2001)

A black box polynomial is an object that takes as input a valuefor each variable and evaluates the polynomial at the given input.The process of determining the coefficients and terms of a blackbox polynomial is the problem of black box polynomialinterpolation. Two major approaches have been addressing suchpurpose: the dense algorithms whose computational complexities aresensitive to the degree of the target polynomial, and the sparsealgorithms that take advantage of the situation when the number ofnon-zero terms in a designate basis is small. In this dissertationwe cover power, Chebyshev, and Pochhammer term bases. However, asparse algorithm is less efficient when the target polynomial isdense, and both approaches require as input an upper bound oneither the degree or the number of non-zero terms. By introducingrandomization into existing algorithms, we demonstrate and developa probabilistic approach which we call 'early termination'. Inparticular we prove that with high probability of correctness theearly termination strategy makes different polynomialinterpolation algorithms 'smart' by adapting to the degree or tothe number of non-zero terms during the process when either is notsupplied as an input. Based on the early termination strategy, wedescribe new efficient univariate algorithms that race a denseagainst a sparse interpolation algorithm in order to exploit thesuperiority of one of them. We apply these racing algorithms asthe univariate interpolation procedure needed in Zippel's multivariate sparse interpolation method. We enhance the earlytermination approach with thresholds, and present insights toother such heuristic improvements. Some potential of the early termination strategy is observed for computing a sparse shift,where a polynomial becomes sparse through shifting the variables by a constant.
A visual interface to a music database (2002)

This paper describes a system for exploring and selecting entries from a music database through a visualization interface. The system is designed for deployment in situations in which the user's attention is a tightly limited resource. The system combines research topics in intelligent user interfaces, visualization techniques, and cognitive modeling. Informal evaluation of the system has given us useful insights into the design tradeoffs that developers may face when building visual interfaces for off-the-desktop applications.
Protective efficacy of vaccination with Neospora caninum multiple recombinant antigens against experimental Neospora caninum infection (2005)

Protective efficacy of vaccination with Neospora caninum multiple recombinant antigens against N. caninum infection was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Two major immunodominant surface antigens (NcSAG1 and NcSRS2) and two dense granule proteins (NcDG1 and NcDG2) of N. caninum tachyzoites were expressed in E. coli, respectively. An in vitro neutralization assay using polyclonal antisera raised against each recombinant antigen showed inhibitory effects on the invasion of N. caninum tachyzoites into host cells. Separate groups of gerbils were immunized with the purified recombinant proteins singly or in combinations and animals were then challenged with N. caninum. Following these experimental challenges, the protective efficacy of each vaccination was determined by assessing animal survival rate. All experimental groups showed protective effects of different degrees against experimental infection. The highest protection efficacy was observed for combined vaccination with NcSRS2 and NcDG1. Our results indicate that combined vaccination with the N. caninum recombinant antigens, NcSRS2 and NcDG1, induces the highest protective effect against N. caninum infection in vitro and in vivo.
The learning experience project: Enabling collaborative learning with ConferenceXP (2004)

The Learning Experience Project is an initiative of Microsoft Research’s Learning Sciences and Technology group. The goal of this project is to explore how to make collaborative learning a compelling and rich experience by assuming the availability of emerging and enabling technologies, such as high-bandwidth networks, wireless devices, Tablet PCs, and the advanced features in Microsoft Windows XP. The foundation of the Learning Experience Project is the ConferenceXP research platform. ConferenceXP enables universities to build less infrastructure and concentrate on researching and developing collaborative applications that enhance the learning experience in and out of the classroom. By delivering high-quality, low-latency audio and video over broadband connections, as well as providing a flexible common framework, ConferenceXP supports the development of real-time collaboration and videoconferencing applications.
AMPK Activators as Novel Therapeutics for Type 2 Diabetes (2010)

AMPK is a potential target of metabolic diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes. The activation of AMPK can lead to an increase of glucose uptake into muscle, decreased gluconeogenesis in liver, increased fatty acid oxidation in muscle and liver, decreased fatty acid synthesis in liver and adipose tissue, and increase mitochondrial biogenesis. Until now, many efforts from industrial and academia have been focused on searching novel agents that activate AMPK directly or indirectly. This review will discuss recent advances in the search for novel therapeutic agents that mediate their activity via AMPK activation.
A novel PLL-based sensor interface for resistive pressure sensors (2010)

Due to the ongoing trend towards smaller technologies, time-/frequency-to-digital conversion is gaining popularity. It benefits from the improved timing resolution in new technologies whereas voltage processing suffers from reduced signal swing and non-idealities. In this work, a new PLL-architecture for digitization of sensor signals is described which fully exploits the benefits of frequency processing. Its working principle and relevance is explored with the help of system level simulations. Thereafter a test-case for resistive sensors is implemented in XFAB 0.35u CMOS technology. An accuracy of 72 dB at 10000 samples/s is achieved.
2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolines. 3. 2-(4-heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl) derivatives as .alpha.1-adrenoceptor antagonists and antihypertensive agents (1987)

A series of 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2(4-heterocyclylpiperazin-1-yl)quinazolines (3) was prepared and screened for alpha-adrenoceptor affinity and antihypertensive activity. These quinazoline derivatives showed high binding affinity (ca. 10(-10) M) and selectivity (greater than 10,000) for alpha 1-adrenoceptors in vitro, with no relevant activity at alpha 2 sites. Several compounds displayed similar activity to prazosin (Ki = 1.9 X 10(-10) M) while the dimethoxytriazine derivative 30 (Ki = 8 X 10(-11) M) was more potent. Like prazosin (pA2 = 8.37 +/- 0.24), 30 proved to be a potent (pA2 = 8.63 +/- 0.15), competitive antagonist of the alpha 1-mediated vasoconstrictor action of norepinephrine. The high binding affinity of series 3 is most likely due to formation, at physiological pH, of the protonated, alpha 1-adrenoceptor pharmacophore 33, coupled with efficient hydrophobic interactions of the quinazoline 2-substituents. Computer-assisted super-imposition of prazosin and 30 showed little structural correspondence between the furoyl and dimethoxytriazine moieties, and specific interactions of these molecular fragments with the receptor protein appear unlikely. Series 3 was evaluated for antihypertensive activity after oral administration (5 mg/kg) to spontaneously hypertensive rats, and blood pressure was recorded after 1 and 6 h. In vivo performance was markedly dependent on the nature of the distal heterocyclic system and various derivatives demonstrated superior or equivalent profiles to prazosin, with respect to both antihypertensive efficacy and duration of action.
Design Practices and Issues for Simultaneous Switching Noise (2006)

This paper describes the modeling and the analysis methodology to evaluate simultaneous switching noise (SSN) for the combined system of the package with the 4-layer printed circuit board (PCB), which the 64 simultaneous switching outputs (SSOs) were included using a simple IBIS model. Simulation results showed that the ground plane in both package and PCB can be used as the reference to reduce SSN more effectively than the power plane. For the source synchronous timing technique such as used in a DDR SDRAM memory bus in the model shown in this paper, the skew control circuit technique is easy to apply in the chip design instead of using embedded capacitors in the package's substrate. If the chip design applies both the skew control circuits for each data-signal group and slew-rate controlled output driver, SSN can keep within 5 percent of operational voltage based on the design practices and simulation results.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF 2‐OXO‐ AND 2‐IMINO‐1,2‐DIHYDROPYRIDINES BY COBALT‐CATALYZED CYCLOCOTRIMERIZATION OF ACETYLENES WITH ISOCYANATES AND CARBODIIMIDES (1978)

Abstract In Gegenwart komplexer Cobaltkatalysatoren wie (III) erhält man bei der gemeinsamen Reaktion zwischen den Acetylenen (I) und den Isocyanaten (II) die isomeren Pyridone (IV) und (V), mit Diphenylcarbodiimid (VII) werden aus den speziellen Acetylenen (VI) die lmino‐pyridone (VIII) und (IX) gebildet.
A 6.7 MHz to 1.24 GHz $\text{0.0318}\;{\text{mm}^{\text{2}}}$ Fast-Locking All-Digital DLL Using Phase-Tracing Delay Unit in 90 nm CMOS (2015)

In this paper, an all-digital delay-locked loop (ADDLL) with a phase-tracing delay unit (PTDU) has been proposed to achieve wide-operating frequency range, low power, and low cost. For the wide-range DLL, the long delay line is replaced by a PTDU which includes two gated ring oscillators (GROs) for generating the wide delay range with a reduced die area. According to the dual-loop control scheme in this work, the input clock rising edge and falling edge are tracked independently to ensure that the ADDLL output maintains the duty cycle of the input reference. Furthermore, the ADDLL utilizes an open-loop scheme to achieve fast lock time of five clock cycles for all supported input frequencies. The proposed ADDLL has been fabricated in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology and supports a wide-operating frequency range from 6.7 MHz to 1.24 GHz within a small active area of 0.0318 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The measured peak-to-peak and root-mean-square jitter at 1.24 GHz are 2.22 ps and 424.62 fs, respectively. The ADDLL consumes 14.5 mW while operating at 1.24 GHz.
An Accurate Instruction-Level Energy Estimation Model and Tool for Embedded Systems (2013)

Estimating the energy consumption of applications is a key aspect in optimizing embedded systems energy consumption. This paper proposes a simple yet accurate instruction-level energy estimation model for embedded systems. As a case study, the model parameters were determined for a commonly used ARM7TDMI-based microcontroller. The total energy includes the energy consumption of the processor core, Flash memory, memory controller, and SRAM. The model parameters are instructions opcode, number of shift operations, register bank bit flips, instructions weight and their Hamming distance, and different types of memory accesses. Also, the effect of pipeline stalls have been considered. In order to validate the proposed model, a physical hardware platform equipped with energy measurement capabilities was developed. We have conducted experiments on several embedded applications from MiBench benchmark suite and the results show less than 6% error in the energy consumption estimation. We have also developed an energy profiler tool for the systems that use ARM7TDMI processors by embedding the model parameters in an instruction-level profiler from the SimpleScalar toolset which provides valuable information and guidelines for software energy optimization.
A framework for evaluating the customer wait experience (2010)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a model which defines the psychological processes that mediate the relationship between perceived wait duration (PWD) and satisfaction. This model will provide a framework for evaluating the impact of situational and environmental variables in the servicescape on customer reaction to the wait experience. Design/methodology/approach The approach included one field study and two laboratory experiments in which subjects participated in a service with a pre‐process wait and evaluated their experience on a survey. Findings Perceived wasted time, perceived control, perceived boredom, and perceived neglect mediated the relationship between PWD and wait experience evaluation. When tested using filled versus unfilled wait time as the situational variable, the model showed that having something to do during the wait decreased perceived boredom, resulting in a more positive wait experience. Research limitations/implications The services used in this paper were functional (as opposed to hedonistic) in nature and wait durations were a maximum of ten minutes. Originality/value The framework established in this paper can be used to evaluate customer reaction to the elements of the waiting environment design, which will help managers design waiting environments that maximize customer satisfaction, and help researchers to understand changes in the relationship between PWD and satisfaction under different environmental conditions.
Remarkable Improvement in Foldability of Poly‐Si Thin‐Film Transistor on Polyimide Substrate Using Blue Laser Crystallization of Amorphous Si and Comparison with Conventional Poly‐Si Thin‐Film Transistor Used for Foldable Displays (2020)

Highly robust poly‐Si thin‐film transistor (TFT) on polyimide (PI) substrate using blue laser annealing (BLA) of amorphous silicon (a‐Si) for lateral crystallization is demonstrated. Its foldability is compared with the conventional excimer laser annealing (ELA) poly‐Si TFT on PI used for foldable displays exhibiting field‐effect mobility of 85 cm 2 (V s) −1 . The BLA poly‐Si TFT on PI exhibits the field‐effect mobility, threshold voltage ( V TH ), and subthreshold swing of 153 cm 2 (V s) −1 , −2.7 V, and 0.2 V dec −1 , respectively. Most important finding is the excellent foldability of BLA TFT compared with the ELA poly‐Si TFTs on PI substrates. The V TH shift of BLA poly‐Si TFT is ≈0.1 V, which is much smaller than that (≈2 V) of ELA TFT on PI upon 30 000 cycle folding. The defects are generated at the grain boundary region of ELA poly‐Si during folding. However, BLA poly‐Si has no protrusion in the poly‐Si channel and thus no defect generation during folding. This leads to excellent foldability of BLA poly‐Si on PI substrate.
Classifying impulse radar waveforms using principle components analysis and neural networks (1990)

A multilayer neural network, trained with the back-propagation algorithm, is used to classify impulse radar waveforms from asphalt-covered bridge decks. A strategy for determining the structure of a bridge deck by using principal components analysis to reduce the dimensionality of the input data is demonstrated, showing classification accuracies ranging between 95.6% and 100%. The results show that neural networks can be used to extract information about a bridge deck's structure when waveforms from the deck are presented to it. Once the network has been trained to recognize several different structures, it should be possible to obtain very accurate estimates about the specific deck structure. The neural network will eliminate the need for taking core samples from the bridge deck, and a truly nondestructive bridge-deck evaluation system will be realized
Control of unwanted light in silicon waveguide circuits (2005)

We describe the design and fabrication of a stray light attenuator for silicon waveguide circuits. Using the attenuator, we demonstrate the fabrication of multimode interference couplers with uniformity accurate to better than 0.05 dB.
Abstract 541: The role of long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 in prostate cancer (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second most common epithelial cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in men. Prostate cancers remain indolent in the majority of individuals but behave aggressively in a minority of patients. The molecular basis for this clinical heterogeneity remains incompletely understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a prominent layer of transcriptional regulation implicated in various biological and disease processes, including several types of cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that lncRNAs may play a role in mediating aggressive prostate cancer. Previously, our lab utilized RNA sequencing across a cohort of prostate tissues to discover differentially expressed lncRNAs in cancer versus benign samples. We identifed a novel transcript termed SChLAP1 (Second Chromosome Locus Associated with Prostate-1) overexpressed in a subset of localized and metastatic cancers. Clinical analyses showed that SChLAP1 levels independently predict poor outcomes, including metastasis and prostate cancer-specific mortality. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that SChLAP1 is critical for cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Mechanistically, we found that SChLAP1 binds to and antagonizes the genome-wide localization of the tumor-suppressive SWI/SNF nucleosome-remodeling complex. Given the scaffolding capabilities of lncRNAs, previous studies describing an inhibitory role of SWI/SNF on PRC2 function, and the known oncogenic role of PRC2 in prostate cancer, we hypothesized that SChLAP1 may mediate PRC2 activity in conjunction with SWI/SNF to promote aggressive disease. Here, we show that a SChLAP1-associated gene signature nominates PRC2-related concepts, and in vitro studies indicate an interaction between SChLAP1 and PRC2 that enhances PRC2 genome-wide localization as well as its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest a mechanistic model in which SChLAP1 simultaneously engages multiple epigenetic complexes, inhibiting tumor-suppressive functions of SWI/SNF while enhancing oncogenic activity of PRC2, which leads to aggressive prostate cancer. Citation Format: Anirban Sahu, Matthew K. Iyer, John R. Prensner, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. The role of long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 541. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-541
An On-The-Go Spectral Reflectance Sensor for Soil (2003)

Laboratory based near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has demonstrated good predictivecapability for many important soil constituents. Less is known about the feasibility of performing thespectroscopic measurements in a field setting. This paper presents some results of an initial fieldtest of a mobilized in-situ NIRS device. The results demonstrate good pass-to-pass repeatability andmeaningful qualitative images. Locally weighted principal component regression was used todevelop calibration models relating the reflectance data to levels of soil organic carbon, nitrogen,moisture and pH. The calibrations were used to create constituent maps for a field in central Iowaand compared to images derived from intensive sampling and laboratory analysis.
Size Threshold in the Dibenzothiophene Adsorption on MoS<sub>2</sub>Nanoclusters (2010)

In hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of fossil fuels, the sulfur levels are reduced by sulfur extraction from hydrocarbons through a series of catalyzed reaction steps on low-coordinated sites on molybdenum disulfide (MoS(2)) nanoclusters. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we show that the adsorption properties of MoS(2) nanoclusters toward the HDS refractory dibenzothiophene (DBT) vary dramatically with small changes in the cluster size. STM images reveal that MoS(2) nanoclusters with a size above a threshold value of 1.5 nm react with hydrogen to form so-called sulfur vacancies predominately located at edge sites, but these edge vacancies are not capable of binding DBT directly. In contrast, MoS(2) nanoclusters below the threshold perform remarkably better. Here, sulfur vacancies form predominantly at the corner sites, and these vacancies show a high affinity for DBT. The results thus indicate that very small MoS(2) nanoclusters may have unique catalytic properties for the production of clean fuels.