gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The International Intravitreal Bevacizumab Safety Survey: using the internet to assess drug safety worldwide (2006)

<b>Aim:</b> Off-label intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin) have been given for the treatment of neovascular and exudative ocular diseases since May 2005. Since then, the use of intravitreal bevacizumab has spread worldwide, but the drug-related adverse events associated with its use have been reported only in a few retrospective reviews. The International Intravitreal Bevacizumab Safety Survey was initiated to gather timely information regarding adverse events from doctors around the world via the internet. <b>Methods:</b> An internet-based survey was designed to identify adverse events associated with intravitreal bevacizumab treatment. The survey web address was disseminated to the international vitreoretinal community via email. Rates of adverse events were calculated from participant responses. <b>Results:</b> 70 centres from 12 countries reported on 7113 injections given to 5228 patients. Doctor-reported adverse events included corneal abrasion, lens injury, endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, inflammation or uveitis, cataract progression, acute vision loss, central retinal artery occlusion, subretinal haemorrhage, retinal pigment epithelium tears, blood pressure elevation, transient ischaemic attack, cerebrovascular accident and death. None of the adverse event rates exceeded 0.21%. <b>Conclusion:</b> Intravitreal bevacizumab is being used globally for ocular diseases. Self-reporting of adverse events after intravitreal bevacizumab injections did not show an increased rate of potential drug-related ocular or systemic events. These short-term results suggest that intravitreal bevacizumab seems to be safe.
Detection of hepatitis B virus genotypes using oligonucleotide chip among hepatitis B virus carriers in Eastern China (2007)

The study indicates that HBV genotype C and B prevail in the Eastern China. It is suggested that the oligonucleotide chip is a reliable and convenient tool for the detection of HBV genotyping.
Mechanistic Contribution of Ubiquitous 15-Lipoxygenase-1 Expression Loss in Cancer Cells to Terminal Cell Differentiation Evasion (2011)

Loss of terminal cell differentiation promotes tumorigenesis. 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) contributes to terminal cell differentiation in normal cells. The mechanistic significance of 15-LOX-1 expression loss in human cancers to terminal cell differentiation suppression is unknown. In a screen of 128 cancer cell lines representing more than 20 types of human cancer, we found that 15-LOX-1 mRNA expression levels were markedly lower than levels in terminally differentiated cells. Relative expression levels of 15-LOX-1 (relative to the level in terminally differentiated primary normal human-derived bronchial epithelial cells) were lower in 79% of the screened cancer cell lines than relative expression levels of p16 (INK4A), which promotes terminal cell differentiation and is considered one of the most commonly lost tumor suppressor genes in cancer cells. 15-LOX-1 was expressed during terminal differentiation in three-dimensional air-liquid interface cultures, and 15-LOX-1 expression and terminal differentiation occurred in immortalized nontransformed bronchial epithelial but not in lung cancer cell lines. 15-LOX-1 expression levels were lower in human tumors than in paired normal lung epithelia. Short hairpin RNA-mediated downregulation of 15-LOX-1 in Caco-2 cells blocked enterocyte-like differentiation, disrupted tight junction formation, and blocked E-cadherin and ZO-1 localization to the cell wall membrane. 15-LOX-1 episomal expression in Caco-2 and HT-29 colon cancer cells induced differentiation. Our findings indicate that 15-LOX-1 downregulation in cancer cells is an important mechanism for terminal cell differentiation dysregulation and support the potential therapeutic utility of 15-LOX-1 reexpression to inhibit tumorigenesis.
Promoter hypermethylation analysis in myelodysplastic syndromes: diagnostic & prognostic implication. (2008)

Differential rate of methylation of the four genes (p16, p15, MGMT and E-cadherin) was observed in MDS samples. All the samples analysed showed the absence of a methylator phenotype in MDS. The methylation frequency of all these genes increased with the clinical severity of the MDS subtypes. Therefore, hypermethylation may be used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in ascertaining the clinical severity of MDS.
The Ferrocenylmethyl(Fem) Group as a Highly Lipophilic and Chromophoric Group for the Masking of Peptide Bonds (1986)

The ferrocenylmethyl (Fem) group may be used to influence the secondary structure of peptide derivatives. It can be incorporated directly and easily during the synthesis of peptides. The severe solubility problems often encountered in peptide chemistry can be solved by the use of the Fem group. Furthermore, its strong yellow color facilitates the preparative workup, especially the chromatographic purification, of the products.
The Involvement of Programmed Cell Death 5 (PDCD5) in the Regulation of Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (2013)

PDCD5-induced apoptosis and over-expression of PDCD5 are harmful to the ischemic neurons in vivo. Meanwhile, the inhibition of PDCD5 may be protective via reducing the apoptotic-related protein such as p53, Bax, and caspase-3. This observation may have potential for the treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke.
Distribution of snRNPs, splicing factor SC-35 and actin in interphase nuclei: immunocytochemical evidence for differential distribution during changes in functional states (1993)

Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) play an integral role in the processing of pre-mRNA in eukaryotic nuclei. snRNPs often occur in a speckled intranuclear distribution, together with the non-snRNP splicing factor SC-35. snRNPs have also been shown to be associated with actin in the nuclear matrix, suggesting that both actin and snRNPs may be involved in the processing and transport of transcripts. The work reported here was undertaken to compare the spatial relationship of snRNPs, SC-35, and intranuclear actin in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. In undifferentiated PC12 cells and in non-neuronal cells growing in association with dorsal root ganglion neurons, confocal immunocytochemistry revealed a typical, speckled distribution of snRNP aggregates, which colocalized with the SC-35 splicing factor. In contrast, a unique snRNP distribution was observed in dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro and in PC12 cells differentiated by nerve growth factor. In nuclei of these cells, snRNPs were predominantly located at the periphery where they formed a spherical shell apposed to the nuclear envelope. Ultrastructural immunogold labelling of snRNPs in dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro confirmed this distribution. In contrast, SC-35 remained distributed in a speckled pattern throughout nuclei of dorsal root ganglion neurons and PC12 cells, even in cases where snRNPs were almost exclusively positioned at the nuclear periphery. In non-neuronal cells in dorsal root ganglion cultures and in undifferentiated PC12 cells, snRNP aggregates were frequently associated with actin aggregates, as determined by Nearest Neighbor Analyses. In PC12 cells, this spatial relationship was altered during nerve growth factor-induced differentiation, prior to the time at which these cells showed morphological evidence of differentiation. Specifically, Nearest Neighbor Analyses between snRNP and actin aggregates in PC12 cells exposed to nerve growth factor for 4 hours revealed that snRNP and actin aggregates exhibited a closer association than in undifferentiated cells. These results suggest that sites of pre-mRNA processing and transcription may differ between cell types, and that the functions of snRNPs and actin within interphase nuclei may be related. The results also indicate that the distribution of snRNPs is dynamic and that it may depend upon the functional state of the cell as well as upon its state of differentiation.
Improved Tumor Targeting of Anti-HER2 Nanobody Through <i>N</i>-Succinimidyl 4-Guanidinomethyl-3-Iodobenzoate Radiolabeling (2014)

Labeling anti-HER2 Nanobody 5F7GGC with *I-SGMIB yields a promising new conjugate for targeting HER2-expressing malignancies. Further research is needed to determine the potential utility of *I-SGMIB-5F7GGC labeled with (124)I, (123)I, and (131)I for PET and SPECT imaging and for targeted radiotherapy, respectively.
Activin induces cell death in hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro (1993)

While studying endocrine responses to activin in female rats, we discovered that activin caused a marked reduction in liver mass. The regressed livers exhibited no gross signs of necrosis or infarction, but histopathological evaluation revealed extensive cell death in the centrilobular regions. The dying cells appeared to fragment into structures resembling apoptotic bodies. Liver mass and histological appearance were restored after cessation of activin infusion, indicating that on an organ level, this effect was reversible. To determine whether the effects observed in vivo were caused by direct actions on the liver, we then tested activin on isolated hepatocytes in serum-free medium. Under these conditions, activin caused many hepatocytes to undergo fragmentation, which was accompanied by a loss of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-reducing activity, an index of viability. We compared the effects of activin with those of transforming growth factor-β because activin is structurally related to transforming growth factor-β and because transforming growth factor-β has been shown previously to induce cell death in hepatocytes. Both proteins caused cell death of comparable magnitude, as defined by the extent of loss of MTT-reducing activity, but transforming growth factor-β was active at one tenth of the effective activin concentrations. A neutralizing monoclonal antibody to transforming growth factor-β blocked the response to transforming growth factor-β but had no effect on the response to activin. Conversely, follistatin, an activinbinding protein, blocked the response to activin but not to transforming growth factor-β. Inhibin, which antagonizes the effects of activin in many systems, had little effect on the response to activin. Activin and transforming growth factor-β differed in their onset of action; exposure to transforming growth factor-β for only 1 hr induced a maximal response, whereas maximal response to activin required its continuous presence for 24 hr. These results show a novel effect of activin on cell death in hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro , suggesting that activin may have a previously unrecognized role in regulating hepatic function. (Hepatology 1993;18:347-356).
Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal ketorolac (2002)

Spinal prostaglandin synthesis has been implicated in acute pain processes and in generation and maintenance of central sensitization, and intrathecal injection of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors produce antinociception and reduce hypersensitivity in animals. We herein report a Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal injection of the COX inhibitor, ketorolac, in healthy volunteers, and demonstrate no serious side effects. Preclinical studies suggest a major site of action of COX inhibitors for analgesia lies in the central nervous system, especially the spinal cord. For example, COX isoenzymes are expressed in the spinal cord, acute noxious stimuli and inflammation increase spinal prostaglandin production, and spinally administered prostaglandins excite dorsal horn projection neurons, induce release of excitatory neurotransmitters, and cause nociceptive behavior. Intrathecal injection of COX inhibitors increases thermal and mechanical withdrawal threshold in animals with inflammation or nerve injury at doses several 100-fold less than those required systemically. Following pre-clinical neurotoxicity screening and regulatory agency approval, we examined the safety of intrathecal injection of a preservative-free formulation of the COX inhibitor, ketorolac. In an open label, dose-escalating design, 20 healthy volunteers received intrathecal ketorolac, 0.25, 0.5, 1, or 2mg (n=5 per group). Ketorolac did not alter blood pressure, although there was small (10-12%), dose-independent reduction in heart rate for the first hour after injection when data from all subjects were pooled. Ketorolac did not affect sensory or motor function or deep tendon reflexes, and there were no subjective sensations, neurologic or otherwise, reported by the volunteers. Ketorolac did not reduce pain report to heat stimuli applied to the lateral calf. One subject had a mild headache 24h after study, resolving the next day. There were no long-term side effects 6 months after study. These data suggest that intrathecal ketorolac does not produce a high incidence of serious adverse events, and they support further investigation for analgesia.
Supporting QoS aware Data Delivery in Information Centric Networks (2018)

Information Centric Networking (ICN) is shaping up as an alternative
networking mechanism for the TCP/IP based host-centric networking
paradigm. Content delivery or streaming is one of important use cases
where the real value and potential of ICN architecture is being
investigated. While a number of studies on an optimal and efficient
routing of Interest requests have been published, more discussion is
needed on the mechanisms for implementation and enforcement of the
quality of service (QoS) in the ICN based data delivery path. In this
document, we focus on two most popular ICN architectures, CCN (Content
Centric Networking) and NDN (Named Data Networking) and describe how
we can achieve the QoS aware data delivery in the ICN network. We
propose to use the differentiated services (DiffServ) QoS model based
on DSCP codes, which is also used in the IP based Internet design. We
further present how QoS parameter syntax can be added to the current
CCNx messages.
A Chemosensor for Citrate in Beverages (1998)

Competitive binding like that in immunoassays is the principle behind the chemosensor based on receptor 1, which was used to measure the concentration of citrate (2) in a series of common beverages. Citrate displaces the fluorescent colorimetric probe 5-carboxylfluorescein (3) from 1, and the process can be monitored by UV or fluorescence spectroscopy.
Transient Operation of a Four-Leg Inverter for Autonomous Applications With Unbalanced Load (2009)

In this paper, the transient operation of a four-leg inverter equipped with an innovative control strategy under unbalanced load conditions is investigated. The inverter is proposed for transformerless hybrid power system applications, in order to provide simultaneous supply of three-phase and single-phase AC loads with balanced voltage and constant frequency. The four-leg inverter is controlled to ensure balanced voltage by means of a control strategy based on the decomposition of the supply three-phase voltage and current into instantaneous positive, negative, and homopolar sequence components using phasor representation. These three sequences are controlled independently in their own reference frames as DC signals. The implementation derived for the controller design is also described. The transient operation performance of the proposed control strategy has been tested in simulations with an average model and experimentally using a laboratory prototype.
Preliminary Results of Orthotic Treatment of Pectus Deformities in Children and Adolescents (1992)

Fifty-five children and adolescents with different types of pectus deformities and a minimum follow-up of 1 year were assessed to determine the effectiveness of nonoperative treatment with a dynamic chest compressor orthosis. Thirty-seven patients were treated and compared with 18 untreated patients. The treated patients had a better outcome. Reshaping of the contour of the chest wall was observed in 21 patients with inferior and lateral types of pectus carinatum. The dynamic chest compressor has minimal morbidity and is a valuable treatment option of pectus deformities in the growing period.
Improved terahertz two-color plasma sources pumped by high intensity laser beam (2009)

We investigate the intensity dependent spatial drift of two-color plasma based terahertz (THz) sources. A simple scheme that uses an off-axis parabolic mirror is presented to overcome this shifting. In addition, the THz energy and electric field measurements are related via the real time images of the THz spot size.
The μ-opioid receptor is necessary for [d-Pen2,d-Pen5]enkephalin-induced analgesia (1997)

Interactions between delta-opioid receptors and morphine-preferring mu-opioid receptor subtypes have been suggested. Availability of transgenic mu-opioid receptor knockout mice allows assessment of mu-opioid receptor roles in the analgesia produced by the classical delta-opioid receptor agonist [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) in hot-plate and tail-flick tests. DPDPE analgesia was dramatically reduced in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice in a gene-dose-dependent fashion. The analgesia induced by this classic delta-opioid receptor agonist depends on intact mu-opioid receptors, suggesting that selective delta-opioid receptor drugs may require mu-opioid receptor occupancies for full efficacy.
AMINO ACID AND GLUCOSE OXIDATION DURING EXERCISE (1977)

Physical Education Dept. and Laboratory of Chemical Biodynamics, University of California, Berkeley, CA University ol Michigan Medical School Dept. of Physiol. Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Deletion of<i>BCY1</i>from the<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>Genome Is Semidominant and Induces Autolytic Phenotypes Suitable for Improvement of Sparkling Wines (2006)

Autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the main source of molecules that contribute to the quality of sparkling wines made by the traditional method. In this work the possibility of accelerating this slow process in order to improve the quality of sparkling wines by using genetically engineered wine yeast strains was explored. The effect of partial or total deletion of BCY1 (which encodes a regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A) in haploid and diploid (heterozygous and homozygous) yeast strains was studied. We proved that heterozygous strains having partial or complete BCY1 deletions have a semidominant phenotype for several of the properties studied, including autolysis under simulated second-fermentation conditions, in contrast to previously published reports describing mutations in BCY1 as recessive. Considering the degree of autolysis, ethanol tolerance, and technical feasibility, we propose that deletion of the 3' end of the open reading frame of a single copy of BCY1 is a way to improve the quality of sparkling wines.
[Shift work and health problems in workers]. (1990)

A comparative study of health complaints was performed in a large oil-refinery among a total of 609 shift workers and 97 non-shift workers. Health complaints were assessed on the basis of the workers' medical records, where details of every visit to the physician over a period of five years were noted, and as subjective health complaints obtained by a questionnaire. In general, the non-shift workers visited the physician more often than the shift workers. However, when visits to the physician for special groups of diseases were considered taking into account the overall number of visits, and especially when the subjective health complaints were compared between the two groups of workers, the results indicated that the shift workers were at greater risk of some diseases, especially the digestive ones.
Dielectric film influence on stress-migration (2002)

The purpose of this work is to clarify the relation between dielectric film characteristics and stress migration (SM). It has been considered that the dielectric-deposition-temperature-induced stress, caused by the difference of the expansion coefficients for Al, is the main factor for SM. However, it was found that Al diffusion into dielectrics, Al recrystallization, and dielectrics flexibility are also significant for SM. It is shown that the best method of dielectrics formation against SM is depositing low-Al-diffusivity dielectrics at low temperature after stress relaxation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Determination of Efficiency in a Single-Switch Class E ZVS-1S Quasi-Resonant Inverter in Application for Induction Heating (2016)

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informujące swoich czytelników o najnowszych osiągnięciach naukowych i nowoczesnych rozwiązaniach technicznych w Polsce i na świecie, popularyzuje problemy techniczne oraz poszerza wiedzę i kulturę techniczną.
Optical test alignment using computer generated holograms (2002)

Measurement systems for optical surfaces that lack axisymmetry are notoriously difficult to align and have limited accuracy. This paper describes a technique that uses a single CGH to act as null lens for measuring the aspheric surface, at the same time as it projects alignment marks into space that can be used for aligning the test. By providing reference features and the surface shape on the same hologram, we ensure accurate alignment. This method can also be used for aligning systems with multiple surfaces.
Depletion of measles virus glycoprotein-specific antibodies from human sera reveals genotype-specific neutralizing antibodies (2009)

Measles virus (MV)-neutralizing antibodies in sera from vaccinated subjects are mainly directed against the haemagglutinin (H) protein. It has been shown previously that depletion of vaccination-induced H-specific antibodies by co-culture of sera with cells expressing the MV Edmonston strain H glycoprotein resulted in almost complete elimination of neutralizing activity. In the present study, MV H and/or fusion (F) protein-specific antibodies were depleted from sera of naturally immune subjects. Early convalescent samples were collected 1.5 years after a well-characterized measles outbreak in Luxembourg caused by a genotype C2 virus, whilst late convalescent samples were collected from healthy Dutch subjects born between 1960 and 1970. Depletion of both H- and F-specific antibodies completely eliminated virus-neutralizing (VN) activity against MV Edmonston. However, in the early convalescent samples, residual VN antibody against wild-type MV genotype C2 was detected. This demonstrated that, although the majority of MV-specific VN antibodies recognized epitopes conserved between different genotypes, genotype-specific VN epitopes were also induced. In sera depleted of H-specific antibodies only, VN activity against MV Edmonston was not completely eliminated, demonstrating the presence of F-specific VN antibodies. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a fraction of VN antibodies induced by wild-type MV genotype C2 does not neutralize MV strain Edmonston. In addition, it was shown that, in sera from naturally immune donors, the majority of VN antibodies are specific for MV H protein, but up to 10 % of neutralizing antibodies are specific for MV F protein.
Role of Growth Hormone in Diabetes Mellitus (1984)

Numerous studies of both laboratory animals and human beings have implicated poor glycemic control as a risk factor for development of the so-called long-term complications of diabetes mellitus (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and premature atherosclerosis).1 , 2 The uncertainty that still exists derives primarily from two factors: the lack of an unequivocal demonstration that good glycemic control can diminish the severity or frequency of long-term complications in human beings3 (currently being addressed by the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, a prospective randomized study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health), and the lack of knowledge concerning the mechanism or mechanisms by which poor . . .