gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trust list: Internet-wide and distributed IoT traffic management using blockchain and SDN (2018)

As the Internet of Things (IoT) develops and expands, management of IoT communications becomes a major challenge. A large number of IoT devices may be installed anywhere end users wish, then left unattended and be misused to attack others. In edge networks, it is difficult to properly prevent undesired communication without knowledge of the properties of an IoT service and its devices. In this paper, we argue that application service providers, developers, and network operators should 1) verify and know the authenticity of IoT services, devices, and their communications, and 2) prevent unwanted traffic from IoT devices in a trustworthy, scalable, and distributed manner. This paper proposes a Trust List that represents the distribution of trust among IoT-related stakeholders and provides autonomous enforcement of IoT traffic management at the edge networks by integrating blockchains and Software-Defined Networking (SDN). The principle of Trust List is automating the process of doubting, verifying, and trusting IoT services and devices to effectively prevent attacks and abuses. The proof of concept implementation and experiment of the Trust List using both public and private blockchains reveal its good practice and suggest studies for realistic deployment.
Growth of high-density Si nanoparticles on Si3N4 and SiO2 thin films by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (2002)

High-density (&gt;1×1012 cm−2) Si nanoparticles have been successfully grown on Si3N4 and SiO2 thin films by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HW-CVD) using disilane, in which Si atoms are generated on a heated tungsten filament and, after desorbing, impinge on the substrate. The highest density, 1.1×1012 cm−2 as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 2.1×1012 cm−2 by scanning tunneling microscopy, is achieved by depositing 1.8 monolayer Si on Si3N4 at 600 °C and a disilane pressure of 1.2×10−6 Torr. The corresponding Si nanoparticles have an average size of about 5 nm. Different densities are reported because scanning tunneling microscopy imaged Si nanoparticles of ∼4 nm, beyond the resolution of SEM. At temperatures above 600 °C, parallel thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) during HW-CVD becomes important. Parallel thermal CVD broadens the size distribution of Si nanoparticles and causes coalescence of neighboring nanoparticles, leading to a decrease of nanoparticle density. High densities can be realized above 600 °C if a two-step procedure is used to reduce parallel thermal CVD by starting the growth at a lower temperature.
Automatic generation of textual, audio, and animated help in UIDE (1994)

Research on automatic help generation fails to match the advance in user interface technology. With users and interfaces becoming increasingly sophisticated, generating help information must be presented with a close tie to the current work context. Help research also needs to utilize the media technology to become effective in conveying information to users. Our work on automatic generation of help from user interface specifications attempts to bridge the gaps, both between help and user interface making help truly sensitive to the interface context, and between the help media and the interface media making communication more direct and more effective. Our work previously reported emphasized a shared knowledge representation for both user interface and help, and an architecture for automatic generation of context-sensitive animated help in Smalltalk-80. This paper presents a new integrated architecture in C++ which not only generates animation, but also audio as procedural help. The architecture also uses the knowledge representation to automatically provide textual help of why an object in an interface is disabled.
Detection of Malicious Software by Analyzing Distinct Artifacts Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms (2021)

Malware is one of the most significant threats in today’s computing world since the number of websites distributing malware is increasing at a rapid rate. Malware analysis and prevention methods are increasingly becoming necessary for computer systems connected to the Internet. This software exploits the system’s vulnerabilities to steal valuable information without the user’s knowledge, and stealthily send it to remote servers controlled by attackers. Traditionally, anti-malware products use signatures for detecting known malware. However, the signature-based method does not scale in detecting obfuscated and packed malware. Considering that the cause of a problem is often best understood by studying the structural aspects of a program like the mnemonics, instruction opcode, API Call, etc. In this paper, we investigate the relevance of the features of unpacked malicious and benign executables like mnemonics, instruction opcodes, and API to identify a feature that classifies the executable. Prominent features are extracted using Minimum Redundancy and Maximum Relevance (mRMR) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Experiments were conducted on four datasets using machine learning and deep learning approaches such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, J48, Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost. In addition, we also evaluate the performance of the collection of deep neural networks like Deep Dense network, One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN), and CNN-LSTM in classifying unknown samples, and we observed promising results using APIs and system calls. On combining APIs/system calls with static features, a marginal performance improvement was attained comparing models trained only on dynamic features. Moreover, to improve accuracy, we implemented our solution using distinct deep learning methods and demonstrated a fine-tuned deep neural network that resulted in an F1-score of 99.1% and 98.48% on Dataset-2 and Dataset-3, respectively.
Animal Models in Cardiology (2012)

Novel clinical SPECT scanners that can acquire projection data without detector heads that rotate around the patient provide an opportunity for fast, dynamic imaging of large animals and would facilitate kinetic modeling for single-photon-emitting tracers. Two such SPECT cameras incorporate solid-state cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector components. One device has nine CZT detectors with high-sensitivity parallel hole collimators whose holes are matched to the CZT crystal elements. e detectors swivel to increase sensitivity in the region of the heart (Sharir et al. 2008, Gambhir et al. 2009). Another device has 19 pinhole cameras focused on the cardiac region (Herzog et al. 2010). Acquisitions with both imaging systems can be performed approximately ve times faster than with conventional gamma cameras. It is likely that new detector technologies will continue to advance cardiac imaging capabilities for single-photon tracers that can be applied to animal as well as human imaging.
Impact of network activity levels on the performance of passive network service dependency discovery (2015)

Network services often depend on other services distributed throughout a network to function correctly. If a service fails, is disrupted, or is degraded, it is likely to impair other services. The web of dependencies can be surprisingly complex-especially within a large enterprise network-and evolve over time. Acquiring, maintaining, and understanding dependency knowledge is critical for many network management and cyber defense activities, such as cyber mission mapping. While automation can improve situation awareness for network operators and cyber practitioners, poor detection performance reduces their confidence and can complicate their roles. In this paper, we study the effects of network activity levels on the detection performance of passive network-based service dependency discovery methods. The performance of all methods except for one were inconsistent with respect to network activity levels. Our proposed cross-correlation method was particularly robust to the influence of network activity. The proposed experimental treatment will further advance a more scientific evaluation of methods and provide a foundation to determine their operational boundaries.
A face recognition method using higher order local autocorrelation and multivariate analysis (2003)

Proposes a face recognition method which is characterized by structural simplicity, trainability and high speed. The method consists of two stages of feature extractions: first, higher order local autocorrelation features which are shift-invariant and additive are extracted from an input image; then those features are linearly combined on the basis of multivariate analysis methods so as to provide new effective features for face recognition in learning from examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Discrete-Event Simulation : Modeling, Programming, and Analysis (2001)

Preface.- Simulation in Perspective.- Modeling Concepts Data Collection and Averages.- Programming and Execution.- Search, Space, and Time.- Output Analysis.- Making Sense of Output and Increasing Efficiency.- Sampling from Probability Distributions.- Pseudorandom Number Generation.- Preparing the Input.- Appendices.- Index.
Samarium <sup>3+</sup> -doped glass laser operating at 651 nm (1988)

Laser emission has been observed in a samarium3+-doped silica optical fibre in a Fabry-Perot-type laser cavity. The emission is centred on 651 nm and corresponds to stimulated transitions from the 4G5/2 level to the 6H9/2 level. The fluorescence and absorption associated with the metastable level are seen to be unusually narrow (3nm FWHM) for a trivalent rare earth in a disordered glass structure. The laser has operated in CW and Q-switched modes when pumped with 488 nm light at room temperature.
Decreased phase transition temperatures of Alq<sub>3</sub>nanoparticles (2006)

Spherical amorphous Alq3 nanoparticles of various diameters could be obtained under a cold trap by adjusting the He pressure in a vapour condensation system. The growth of nanoparticles is related to the collisions between the sublimed Alq3 molecules and gaseous He atoms. Both the diameter and size distribution of nanoparticles decrease with a decreased He pressure. Smaller nanoparticles have no spectral blue shift but lead to stronger photoluminescence because of the increased optical absorption that results from the larger specific surface area. With a larger surface-to-volume ratio, smaller nanoparticles exhibit higher surface energy and require less enthalpy for phase transition, resulting in decreased temperatures for α–δ phase and melting transitions.
Safety-aware trajectory scaling for Human-Robot Collaboration with prediction of human occupancy (2015)

Planning and control of an industrial manipulator for safe Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) is a difficult task because of two conflicting requirements: ensuring the worker's safety and completing the task assigned to the robot. This paper proposes a trajectory scaling algorithm for safe HRC that relies on real-time prediction of human occupancy. Knowing the space that the human will occupy within the robot stopping time, the controller can scale the manipulator's velocity allowing safe HRC and avoiding task interruption. Finally, experimental results are presented and discussed.
Nineteenth Year of the Guangxu Emperor (1893) (1993)

When translations of Western books were first introduced to all the ministries of the Chinese government, critics condemned the project as a sheer waste of time. Now, after less than twenty years, scholars are enthusiastic about newly acquired knowledge such as the revolution of the earth around the sun, the application of both electricity and the steam engine and even basic studies such as photography, the printing press and railway construction. On the annual civil service examinations, mathematics has since been added as one of the major subjects, because it is now regarded as the foundation of all science.
Selective Inhibition of c‐Myc/Max Dimerization by a Pyrazolo[1,5‐<i>a</i>]pyrimidine (2007)

c-Myc/Max Dimerization. The interaction between the oncoprotein c-Myc and its activation partner Max is considered to be a desirable target for cancer drug development. However, the interaction is mediated by large α-helical interfaces without obvious binding sites for small molecule inhibitors. This paper describes the identification of a substitution pattern for pyrazolopyrimidines which appears to be associated with activity against this challenging target. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2452/2007/z600294_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Family of Telomere-Associated Autonomously Replicating Sequences and Their Functions in Targeted Recombination in <i>Hansenula polymorpha</i> DL-1 (1999)

A family of multiple autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs) which are located at several chromosomal ends of Hansenula polymorpha DL-1 has been identified and characterized. Genomic Southern blotting with an ARS, HARS36, originating from the end of a chromosome, as a probe showed several homologues in the genome of H. polymorpha. Nucleotide sequences of the three fragments obtained by a selective cloning for chromosomal ends were nearly identical to that of HARS36. All three fragments harbored an ARS motif and ended with 18 to 23 identical repetitions of 5'-GGGTGGCG-3' which resemble the telomeric repeat sequence in other eukaryotes. Transformation of H. polymorpha with nonlinearized plasmids containing the newly obtained telomeric ARSs almost exclusively resulted in the targeted integration of a single copy or multiple tandem copies of the plasmid into the chromosomes. The sensitivity to exonuclease Bal31 digestion of the common DNA fragment in all integrants confirmed the telomeric origin of HARS36 homologues, suggesting that several chromosomal ends, if not all of them, consisted of the same ARS motif and highly conserved sequences observed in HARS36. Even though the frequencies of targeted recombination were varied among the ends of the chromosomes, the overall frequency was over 96%. The results suggested that the integration of the plasmids containing telemeric ARSs occurred largely through homologous recombination at the telomeric repeats, which serve as high-frequency recombination targets.
Small-Rooms Dedicated to Music: From Room Response Analysis to Acoustic Design (2016)

Reviewing elements of on-field professional experience gained by the authors in the analysis of small-rooms dedicated to music, case studies offered by the everyday working practice allow to deal with specific situations, these are seldom described by usual theoretical models and literature. Using the analysis procedure developed and refined by authors, it is possible to investigate the characteristics of the acoustic response of the small-rooms with more detail. In this paper case studies of particular interest will be described: different small-room phenomena will be shown in the reported measurements.
Glutathione as a Redox Biomarker in Mitochondrial Disease—Implications for Therapy (2017)

Technical advances in the ability to measure mitochondrial dysfunction are providing new insights into mitochondrial disease pathogenesis, along with new tools to objectively evaluate the clinical status of mitochondrial disease patients. Glutathione (l-ϒ-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine) is the most abundant intracellular thiol, and the intracellular redox state, as reflected by levels of oxidized (GSSG) and reduced (GSH) glutathione, as well as the GSH/GSSG ratio, is considered to be an important indication of cellular health. The ability to quantify mitochondrial dysfunction in an affected patient will not only help with routine care, but also improve rational clinical trial design aimed at developing new therapies. Indeed, because multiple disorders have been associated with either primary or secondary deficiency of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and redox imbalance, developing mitochondrial therapies that have the potential to improve the intracellular glutathione status has been a focus of several clinical trials over the past few years. This review will also discuss potential therapies to increase intracellular glutathione with a focus on EPI-743 (α-tocotrienol quinone), a compound that appears to have the ability to modulate the activity of oxidoreductases, in particular NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1.
A New Biometrical Procedure for Testing the Equality of Measurements from Two Different Analytical Methods. Application of linear regression procedures for method comparison studies in Clinical Chemistry, Part I (1983)

Procedures for the statistical evaluation of method comparisons and instrument tests often have a requirement for distributional properties of the experimental data, but this requirement is frequently not met. In our paper we propose a new linear regression procedure with no special assumptions regarding the distribution of the samples and the measurement errors. The result does not depend on the assignment of the methods (instruments) to X and Y. After testing a linear relationship between X and Y confidence limits are given for the slope beta and the intercept alpha; they are used to determine whether there is only a chance difference between beta and 1 and between alpha and 0. The mathematical background is amplified separately in an appendix.
A new spin on the quantum Hall effect (1999)

Since its discovery, the fractional quantum Hall effect has continued to surprise physicists despite 17 years of intense investigation. Recent experiments by Klaus von Klitzing's group at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Physics in Stuttgart, and co-workers from the University of Stuttgart and the Walter Schottky Institute in Munich, have revealed a striking new feature (S Kronmüller et al. 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 4070).
Sequence organization of the human int-2 gene and its expression in teratocarcinoma cells. (1989)

We report the genomic organization and DNA sequence of the human homologue of int-2, a proto-oncogene implicated in virally induced mammary tumours in the mouse, and expressed at specific sites and times during embryogenesis. Direct comparisons with the coding domains of mouse int-2 allowed us to delineate the intron-exon boundaries of the human gene. These boundaries were subsequently confirmed by ribonuclease protection analyses of the single 1.7 kilobase (kb) int-2 transcript detectable in the human teratocarcinoma cell line, Tera-2. The data suggest that human int-2 may also function in embryonic lineages but that its transcription may be less complex than in the mouse. The predicted human protein comprises 239 amino acids and is 89% homologous to its murine counterpart, except at the carboxy terminus. This divergence occurs distal to the region of int-2 that shows homology to other members of the FGF family of growth modulators and oncogenes.
Tubby-tagged balancers for the Drosophila X and second chromosomes (2011)

We generated FM7a and CyO balancer chromosomes bearing a Tubby1 (Tb1) dominant transgene. Flies heterozygous for these FM7a and CyO derivatives exhibit a phenotype undistinguishable from that elicited by the Tb1 mutation associated with the TM6B balancer. We tested two of these Tb-bearing balancers (FM7-TbA and CyO-TbA) for more than 30 generations and found that the Tb1 transgene they carry is stable. Thus, these new Tb-tagged balancers are particularly useful for balancing lethal mutations and distinguish homozygous mutant larvae from their heterozygous siblings.
Poroelastic effect on the shear wave in the systems of alternating solid and viscous fluid layers: theory vs numerical modeling (2005)

The attenuation and dispersion of shear waves in fluid‐saturated rocks due to the viscosity of the pore fluid is investigated using an idealized exactly solvable example of a system of alternating solid and viscous fluid layers. Waves in periodic layered systems at low frequencies are studied using an asymptotic analysis of Rytov's exact dispersion equations. Since the wavelength of shear waves in fluids (viscous skin depth) is much smaller than the wavelength of shear or compressional waves in solids, the presence of viscous fluid layers necessitates the inclusion of higher terms in the long‐wavelength asymptotic expansion. This expansion allows for the derivation of explicit analytical expressions for the attenuation and dispersion of shear waves, with the directions of propagation and of particle motion being in the bedding plane. The new approach developed in this study enables an explicit analysis of solid/viscous fluid layers in a broad range of frequencies and of fluid viscosities. The model appears to be suitable for numerical testing using a viscoelastic modeling approach. The displacement‐stress rotated staggered finite‐difference (FD) grid technique is applied to solve the elastodynamic wave equation. Viscosity is implemented by using a generalized Maxwell body. The established numerical model and carried out computations show very good agreement with the theoretical dispersion curves. This numerical exercise demonstrates the capability of the developed method to simulate the poroelastic phenomena and opens new prospective for the applications in the digital core technology.
Particle film growth driven by foam bubble coalescence (2006)

Water films stabilised by hydrophobic particles are found to spread rapidly up the inner walls of a glass vessel containing water and hydrophobic particles when it is shaken; shaking produces unstable particle-stabilised foam bubbles whose coalescence with the air/water interface drives film growth up the inner walls of the container.
A Tunable Hydrogel for Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Bioactive Proteins (2001)

A N,N-dimethylacrylamide-based hydrogel (2) with the new cross-linker (ethylenedioxy) bis[2,2'-(N-acryloylamino)ethane] (1) has been prepared, and its physicochemical properties in aqueous solution were studied. Three different native proteins (lysozyme, bovine serum albumin, and rabbit IgG) were encapsulated within the polymeric matrix 2, and the kinetics of their release from the swollen hydrogel were determined. The rate of protein release exhibits a clear dependence on both the molecular weight of the protein and the amount of cross-linker utilized to prepare the hydrogel. This is reflected by the fact that the low molecular weight proteins are released at an increased rate versus higher molecular weight proteins. In addition a greater amount of protein is released from the hydrogels with a lower percentage of cross-linker. The polymerization procedure used in this study is sufficiently mild to safeguard the functional integrity of attendant biomolecules as determined by the retention of catalytic activity of encapsulated alpha-chymotrypsin and aldolase catalytic antibody 38C2. The potential utility of these hydrogels for the controlled release of bioactive agents in vivo is strengthened by both their lack of toxicity against human dermal fibroblasts and their lack of immunogenicity in mice.
Fast protein sequence verification by matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometric analysis of whole enzymatic digests. (1994)

Matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry provides a very fast and efficient way to check protein sequences by the analysis of whole proteolytic digests. This method has been applied to the sequence verification of E. coli isoleucyl tRNA synthetase, for which two different sequences are found in data banks. The result of this investigation clearly shows that no one of these sequences is correct.