gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
p53 Regulates Caveolin Gene Transcription, Cell Cholesterol, and Growth by a Novel Mechanism (2000)

Transcription of the human caveolin gene, directed by a TATA-less promoter, is downregulated in actively dividing cells during S-phase, together with free cholesterol (FC) efflux. It is upregulated by medium low density lipoprotein FC levels in quiescent cells. In this study, a common mechanism has been identified to coordinate the growth- and FC-dependent expression of caveolin. In human skin fibroblasts, transcription factors E2F/DP-1 and Sp1 bound to adjacent consensus sites at -151 to -138 bp of the caveolin promoter DNA sequence in a complex stabilized by tumor suppressor protein p53. Wild-type p53 also bound directly to DNA to a caveolin promoter sequence containing two consensus half-sites (-292 to -283 bp and -273 to -264 bp) for this transcription factor. SREBP-1, previously identified as a transcriptional regulator of caveolin expression in response to FC, mediated its effect via the same E2F/Sp1 site. Overexpression of E2F or p53 increased E2F binding to the -148 to -141 bp site, increased FC efflux, and inhibited cell division. The mutant protein p53(143V-->A) was inactive. Okadaic acid, previously shown to inhibit growth, FC efflux, and caveolin expression, inhibited E2F/Sp1 binding, while higher concentrations of extracellular FC increased it. The present findings provide a molecular link between the cell cycle and FC homeostatic effects of caveolin. These results also describe a novel mechanism of action for p53 in a TATA-less gene promoter and provide further evidence for a significant regulatory role for FC in cell cycle progression.
Adaptive Multi-Sensor Perception for Driving Automation in Outdoor Contexts (2014)

In this research, adaptive perception for driving automation is discussed so as to enable a vehicle to automatically detect driveable areas and obstacles in the scene. It is especially designed for outdoor contexts where conventional perception systems that rely on a priori knowledge of the terrain's geometric properties, appearance properties, or both, is prone to fail, due to the variability in the terrain properties and environmental conditions. In contrast, the proposed framework uses a self-learning approach to build a model of the ground class that is continuously adjusted online to reflect the latest ground appearance. The system also features high flexibility, as it can work using a single sensor modality or a multi-sensor combination. In the context of this research, different embodiments have been demonstrated using range data coming from either a radar or a stereo camera, and adopting self-supervised strategies where monocular vision is automatically trained by radar or stereo vision. A comprehensive set of experimental results, obtained with different ground vehicles operating in the field, are presented to validate and assess the performance of the system.
Reduction of the N-propargyl group with tritium. General procedure for the preparation of N-[2,3-3H]allyl opiate ligands at high specific activity (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of the N-propargyl group with tritium. General procedure for the preparation of N-[2,3-3H]allyl opiate ligands at high specific activityCrist N. Filer, David G. Ahern, Robert Fazio, and Richard J. SeguinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 24, 4968–4970Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00337a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00337a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation and characterization of Au–Ag and Au–Cu alloy nanoparticles in chloroform (2003)

Au–Ag and Au–Cu nanoparticles of various compositions were synthesized in chloroform and their physical properties were characterized by employing various techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synthesized alloy nanoparticles of diameter ca. 3 nm exhibit characteristic photoelectron spectra and linear optical properties. The nonlinear optical properties of the alloy nanoparticles were also investigated in the surface plasmon absorption region by the degenerate four wave mixing technique.
Evaluation of the Cell-Mediated Immunity in Treatment Failure Pulmonary Tuberculosis (1999)

BACKGROUND: Ineffective cell-mediated immune response in human tuberculosis is associated with a depressed Th1 cytokine response and reduced production of IFN-gamma. Most persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are healthy tuberculin reactors with protective immunity, but a minority with ineffective immunity develop extensive pulmonary tuberculosis. The cell-mediated immune response is an important aspect of host resistance to mycobacterial infection and is believed to be tightly regulated by a balance between Th1 cytokines including IFN-gamma IL-12, IL-18, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and Th2 counterparts such as IL-4, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). METHODS: Proliferation and mRNA expression of IFN-gamma RANTES and MCP-1 by RT-PCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to in vitro stimulation with mycobacterial antigens were compared in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with cured and treatment failure and in tuberculin-positive and tuberculin-negative healthy subjects. RESULTS: Defective proliferative responsiveness to aqueous TSP antigen was involved with treatment failure tuberculosis patients. Aqueous TSP antigen-induced IFN-gamma and RANTES mRNA expression was decreased in treatment failure tuberculosis patients compared with healthy tuberculin reactors and cured tuberculosis patients (23.1% versus 90.0% for IFN-gamma and 46.2% versus 70.0% versus 46.2% for RANTES). The frequency of MCP-1 mRNA expression to aqueous TSP antigen in treatment failure tuberculosis patients was greater than in healthy tuberculin reactors and cured tuberculosis patients (76.9% versus 40.0%). CONCLUSION: The increasing expression of MCP-1 mRNA in response to aqueous TSP antigen might be predicted to favor Th2 responses and restricted Th1 responses in treatment failure of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Research in the Language and Place-Names of Newfoundland (1957)

Adequate plans for the examination of the language and place-names of the Island were conceived only three years ago; it will not, therefore, be surprising if this interim report is a more or less inadequate sketch which may at times dwell more on what needs to be done rather than on what has actually been accomplished. Some of the difficulties we are having to take into account result from the fact that toponymy and linguistic research are not altogether autonomous disciplines. Properly viewed they impinge on such studies as cartography, geography, history, social anthropology and folklore. One of the most encouraging recent developments in Newfoundland has been the lively interest in the inheritance of the Island, and the formulation of a programme of research for its adequate exploration.
Wide-Band Direct Measurement of Thermal Fluctuations in an Interferometer (2003)

We directly measured mechanical thermal fluctuations in mirrors over three decades of frequency range using a short-length Fabry-Perot interferometer. This is the first such measurement at wide off-resonant frequency band that is much lower than mechanical resonant frequencies. Theoretically, the mechanical fluctuation in mirrors had been thought to become the principal noise in precise interferometry, such as in gravitational wave detection. We identified the thermally induced noises in the interferometer, the so-called substrate Brownian noise, substrate thermoelastic noise, and coating Brownian noise.
The interaction between Siglec-15 and tumor-associated sialyl-Tn antigen enhances TGF-  secretion from monocytes/macrophages through the DAP12-Syk pathway (2012)

We previously demonstrated that Siglec-15, a member of the Siglec family of glycan-recognition proteins, is expressed on a subset of macrophages and preferentially recognizes the sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen, a tumor-associated glycan structure. In this study, we report on the biological significance of the Siglec-15-mediated interaction between monocytes/macrophages and cancer cells. Siglec-15 is expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in various human tumor tissues. We further demonstrated that its expression is substantially elevated in macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced M2-like macrophages, which produced more transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in response to sTn-positive cells than to negative cells. We designed a co-culture model of THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia) cells and H157 (human lung carcinoma) cells mimicking the interaction between monocytes/macrophages and cancer cells that recapitulated the enhanced TGF-β production in Siglec-15 expressing THP-1 cells by the cellular interaction with sTn expressing H157 cells. The enhanced TGF-β production required a direct interaction between the two cell lines through sialic acids. Siglec-15 associates with adaptor protein DNAX activation protein of 12 kDa (DAP12) at the binding determinant Lys(274) in the transmembrane domain and transduces a signal to spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). The enhanced TGF-β secretion was significantly attenuated by Syk inhibitor treatment of THP-1 cells or by substitution of the Siglec-15 Lys(274) to Ala, which disrupts the molecular interaction between Siglec15 and DAP12. These findings indicate that Siglec-15 recognizes the tumoral sTn antigen and transduces a signal for enhanced TGF-β secretion in TAMs and further suggest that Siglec-15 on macrophages may contribute to tumor progression by the TGF-β-mediated modulation of intratumoral microenvironments.
Comparison of two high-repetition-rate pulsed CO2 laser discharge geometries (1980)

Two discharge geometries are commonly used for pumping high-repetition-rate transversely excited atmosphere (TEA) lasers. One uses solid electrodes with preionization provided by downstream spark pins. The other uses a solid electrode and a screen electrode with preionization provided by an auxiliary discharge behind the screen. In this study the performance of the two systems was compared. The repetition rate at which arcing occurs was found to increase linearly with flow velocity but decrease with increasing energy density. It was also dependent on system geometry and the spark pin preionized system performed better than the auxiliary discharge preionized system. Data are given for discharges in N2, CO2, He, and a CO2 laser mixture.
Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model (2011)

Stroke is among the most frequent causes of death and adult disability, especially in highly developed countries. However, treatment options to date are very limited. To meet the need for novel therapeutic approaches, experimental stroke research frequently employs rodent models of focal cerebral ischaemia. Most researchers use permanent or transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in mice or rats. Proximal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) via the intraluminal suture technique (so called filament or suture model) is probably the most frequently used model in experimental stroke research. The intraluminal MCAO model offers the advantage of inducing reproducible transient or permanent ischaemia of the MCA territory in a relatively non-invasive manner. Intraluminal approaches interrupt the blood flow of the entire territory of this artery. Filament occlusion thus arrests flow proximal to the lenticulo-striate arteries, which supply the basal ganglia. Filament occlusion of the MCA results in reproducible lesions in the cortex and striatum and can be either permanent or transient. In contrast, models inducing distal (to the branching of the lenticulo-striate arteries) MCA occlusion typically spare the striatum and primarily involve the neocortex. In addition these models do require craniectomy. In the model demonstrated in this article, a silicon coated filament is introduced into the common carotid artery and advanced along the internal carotid artery into the Circle of Willis, where it blocks the origin of the middle cerebral artery. In patients, occlusions of the middle cerebral artery are among the most common causes of ischaemic stroke. Since varying ischemic intervals can be chosen freely in this model depending on the time point of reperfusion, ischaemic lesions with varying degrees of severity can be produced. Reperfusion by removal of the occluding filament at least partially models the restoration of blood flow after spontaneous or therapeutic (tPA) lysis of a thromboembolic clot in humans. In this video we will present the basic technique as well as the major pitfalls and confounders which may limit the predictive value of this model.
Seasonal current variability on the New Jersey inner shelf (2004)

The well‐sampled ocean off the coast of New Jersey provides a data‐rich environment in which to study ocean current variability over the inner shelf. Using a year‐long HF radar data set, complemented with in situ and meteorological observations, the annual‐ and seasonal‐scale variabilities are examined. The hydrographic variability of the inner shelf off New Jersey is largely bimodal between summer stratification and winter mixing. An annual oceanographic and atmospheric data set was separated into these two regimes. The influence of stratification is evident through a relatively steady current response strongly correlated with the wind during the stratified season and a more variable response less correlated with the wind during the mixed season. When the water column is mixed, the influence of the local topography on the surface current variability is dependent on the slope, with a tendency for the variability to be more aligned with steeper topography.
Millimetre-wave InGaAs/InP heterojunction bipolar phototransistors (2002)

InGaAs/InP heterojunction phototransistors are described which have a dc gain of several thousand and a frequency response that shows higher output power than optimised photodiodes at 40 GHz. This is accomplished as a result of the two-terminal, edge-coupled design approach, which allows small area devices to be fabricated with low parasitics and efficient optical access.
Studies on Autoimmunity For Initiation of β-Cell Destruction: V. Decrease of Macrophage-Dependent T Lymphocytes and Natural Killer Cytotoxicity in Silica-Treated BB Rats (1990)

Administration of silica, which is selectively toxic to macrophages, to young BB rats resulted in the prevention of insulitis and diabetes. However, the mechanism leading to the prevention of an autoimmune process in silica-treated BB rats is not known. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism involved in prevention of insulitis and diabetes. Neonates of diabetes-prone BB (DPBB) rats injected with concanavalin A (ConA)-activated spleen cells from silica-treated DPBB (STDPBB) rats did not develop insulitis or diabetes, whereas DPBB neonates injected with ConA-activated spleen cells from the untreated DPBB rats developed both insulitis and diabetes. Not only was there a decrease of natural killer (NK) cell activity in splenocytes from STDPBB rats, but there was also a significant reduction in the number of immunocytes such as T lymphocytes (helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor) and NK cells. The number of macrophages in both spleen and peripheral blood was significantly decreased in STDP rats compared with untreated DP rats. In contrast to the changes in T lymphocytes and NK cell activity, there was no change in target beta-cells in STDPBB rats with regard to the susceptibility to adoptive transfer of insulitis. It is concluded that the prevention of insulitis and diabetes in STDPBB rats is due to a decrease in macrophage-dependent T lymphocytes and NK cell cytotoxicity.
Multiplex Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging Cytometry Reveals Lipid-Rich Protrusions in Cancer Cells under Stress Condition (2020)

In situ measurement of cellular metabolites is still a challenge in biology. Conventional methods, such as mass spectrometry or fluorescence microscopy, would either destroy the sample or introduce strong perturbations to target molecules. Here, we present multiplex stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging cytometry as a label-free single-cell analysis platform with chemical specificity and high-throughput capabilities. Using SRS imaging cytometry, we studied the metabolic responses of human pancreatic cancer cells under stress by starvation and chemotherapeutic drug treatments. We unveiled protrusions containing lipid droplets as a metabolic marker for stress-resistant cancer cells. Furthermore, by spectroscopic SRS mapping, we unveiled that triglyceride in lipid droplets are used for local energy production through lipolysis, autophagy, and β-oxidation. Our findings demonstrate the potential of targeting lipid metabolism for selective treatment of stress-resistant cancers. Collectively, these results highlight SRS imaging cytometry as a powerful label-free tool for biological discoveries with a high-throughput, high-content capacity.
Diabetes, Age and Male Reproductive Function (2009)

Tese de doutoramento em Biologia (Biologia Celular) apresentada à Fac. de Ciências e Tecnologia da Univ. de Coimbra
Decreasing <i>Enterobacter sakazakii</i> ( <i>Cronobacter</i> spp.) food contamination level with bacteriophages: prospects and problems (2008)

Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) is an opportunistic pathogen, which can cause rare, but life-threatening infections in neonates and infants through feeding of a contaminated milk formula. We isolated 67 phages from environmental samples and tested their lytic host range on a representative collection of 40 E. sakazakii strains. A cocktail of five phages prevented the outgrowth of 35 out of 40 test strains in artificially contaminated infant formula. Two E. sakazakii phages represented prolate head Myoviridae. Molecular tests identified them as close relatives of Escherichia coli phage T4. The remaining three phages represented isometric head Myoviridae with large genome size of 140 and 200 kb, respectively, which belonged to two different DNA hybridization groups. A high dose of 10(8) pfu ml(-1) of phage could effectively sterilize a broth contaminated with both high and low pathogen counts (10(6) and 10(2) cfu ml(-1)). In contrast, broth inoculated with 10(4) phage and 10(2) bacteria per ml first showed normal bacterial growth until reaching a cell titre of 10(5) cfu ml(-1). Only when crossing this threshold, phage replication started, but it could not reduce the contamination level below 100 cfu ml(-1). Phages could be produced with titres of 10(10) pfu ml(-1) in broth culture, but they were not stable upon freeze-drying. Addition of trehalose or milk formula stabilized the phage preparation, which then showed excellent storage stability even at elevated temperature.
A newly established metastatic breast tumor cell line with integrated amplified copies of <i>ERBB2</i> and double minute chromosomes (1989)

A continuous line of human mammary tumor cells, called 21MT, has been established in culture from a pleural effusion of a 36-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer. The cells are epithelial as shown by morphology and expression of keratins and are mammary tumor cells as shown by expression of the HMFG-2 antigenic determinant. The cells grow well both in DFCI-1, a partially defined medium containing pituitary extract and 1% fetal bovine serum, and in alpha-minimum essential medium (alpha-MEM) supplemented with 10% serum, epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, and hydrocortisone. Karyotypic analysis of cells at early passage has shown the presence of rearranged (marker) chromosomes as well as aneuploidy with a net DNA content in the tetraploid range, confirmed by DNA cytofluorography, as well as double minute chromosomes in about 5% of the cells. Southern blots have revealed a 40-fold amplification of the ERBB2 gene and a 50-fold overexpression of its mRNA. The amplification of ERBB2 DNA was localized by in situ hybridization to one of the marker chromosomes but not to the double minutes. It is inferred, therefore, that at least two genes have been amplified in these cells.
Inferring Client Distribution by Using Dyad BitTorrent Network Data (2012)

Previous studies of P2P protocols mainly focus on its file sharing algorithm, and many relevant aspects of the protocols remain untouched. In the thesis, we conduct a number of experiments to explore the versions proportion and geographical distribution of the Bit Torrent clients. We implement a Bit Torrent crawler to collect data from trackers and peers, and statistically analyze it to understand the characteristics and behaviors of the Bit Torrent protocol better.
Embracing change: financial informatics and risk analytics (2009)

We present an enterprise design pattern for managing metadata in support of financial analytics packages. The complexity of financial modelling typically requires deployment of multiple financial analytics packages, drawing data from multiple source systems. Business domain experts are typically needed to understand the data requirements of these packages. Financial product innovation and research advances imply that data requirements are chronically unstable. These forces of complexity and instability motivate a software architecture that exposes financial metadata declaratively, thus allowing on-the-fly metadata modifications by domain experts, without provoking a costly design-develop-test-deploy life cycle.
Daytime water detection based on color variation (2010)

Robust water detection is a critical perception requirement for unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) autonomous navigation. This is particularly true in wide open areas where water can collect in naturally occurring terrain depressions during periods of heavy precipitation and form large water bodies (such as ponds). At far range, reflections of the sky provide a strong cue for water. But at close range, the color coming out of a water body dominates sky reflections and the water cue from sky reflections is of marginal use. We model this behavior by using water body intensity data from multiple frames of RGB imagery to estimate the total reflection coefficient contribution from surface reflections and the combination of all other factors. We then describe an algorithm that uses one of the color cameras in a forward-looking, UGV-mounted stereo-vision perception system to detect water bodies in wide open areas. This detector exploits the knowledge that the change in saturation-to-brightness ratio across a water body from the leading to trailing edge is uniform and distinct from other terrain types. In test sequences approaching a pond under clear, overcast, and cloudy sky conditions, the true positive and false negative water detection rates were (95.76%, 96.71%, 98.77%) and (0.45%, 0.60%, 0.62%), respectively. This software has been integrated on an experimental unmanned vehicle and field tested at Ft. Indiantown Gap, PA, USA.