gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forward THz radiation emission by femtosecond filamentation in gases: theory and experiment (2008)

A transition–Cherenkov electromagnetic emission by a femtosecond laser pulse propagating in a self-induced plasma channel in air has been very recently proposed as mechanism for production of terahertz (THz) radiation in the forward direction. In this paper, we study in detail the theory of the transition–Cherenkov process. The theoretical model is developed and compared with recent experimental results for several gases.
Effect of experimental conditions of the daughter ion spectra derived from tandem mass spectrometry of steroid glucuronides (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of experimental conditions of the daughter ion spectra derived from tandem mass spectrometry of steroid glucuronidesRichard B. Cole, Christian R. Guenat, and Simon J. GaskellCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 8, 1139–1144Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00135a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00135a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mining Web Text for Brand Associations. (2006)

Web text, such as blogs, newsgroups, message boards, and email lists, can provide an easily collected and incredibly rich source of data on a
On the regulation of cardiac output and cerebral blood flow (1983)

Algebraic presentations are used to describe the steady-state relationships for cardiac output and cerebral blood flow in terms of arterial blood levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the metabolic rate ratio. A possible application of the results is briefly discussed with regard to their use in modelling of the respiratory control system.
Identification of an Na <sub>v</sub> 1.1 sodium channel (SCN1A) loss-of-function mutation associated with familial simple febrile seizures (2005)

Febrile seizures (FS) affect 5-12% of infants and children up to 6 years of age. There is now epidemiological evidence that FS are associated with subsequent afebrile and unprovoked seizures in approximately 7% of patients, which is 10 times more than in the general population. Extensive genetic studies have demonstrated that various loci are responsible for familial FS, and the FEB3 autosomal-dominant locus has been identified on chromosome 2q23-24, where the SCN1A gene is mapped. However, gene mutations causing simple FS have not been found yet. Here we show that the M145T mutation of a well conserved amino acid in the first transmembrane segment of domain I of the human Na(v)1.1 channel alpha-subunit cosegregates in all 12 individuals of a large Italian family affected by simple FS. Functional studies in mammalian cells demonstrate that the mutation causes a 60% reduction of current density and a 10-mV positive shift of the activation curve. Thus, M145T is a loss-of-function mutant. These results show that monogenic FS should also be considered a channelopathy.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE CONCENTRATION OF DIACETYL IN BEER (1966)

Investigations of factors affecting the production of diacetyl during fermentation have shown large differences in the abilities of different strains of brewer's yeast to produce diacetyl. Studies on pilot scale and on small laboratory fermentations have established a connection between the concentration of amino acids in the wort and that of diacetyl in the fully fermented beer. Control of the ratio of amino acids to sugars in wort is thus an important factor in maintaining concentrations of diacetyl in beer at an acceptable level. The effects of increased pitching rate and of high-temperature fermentation in enhancing the production of diacetyl are demonstrated.
Treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma by combination of actinomycin‐D, vincristine and imidazole carboxamide (NSC‐45388): Results of a randomized clinical trial (1974)

Abstract Previous trials at our Institute revealed the effectiveness of actinomycin‐D and vincristine in the treatment of Kaposi's Sarcoma. We herein report the results of a further randomized trial designed to test the efficacy of the three‐drug combination consisting of actinomycin‐D, vincristine and imidazole carboxamide and to compare the results with those obtained by combining actinomycin‐D and vincristine only for all forms of Kaposi's Sarcoma. Of the 40 patients treated with two drugs, 22 (55%) achieved complete tumour regression, 13 (32.5%) had partial response and 5 (12.5%) did not respond. On the other hand, 30 out of 32(94%) of those receiving three drugs had complete tumour regression, one had partial and one had no response. There is a significantly higher complete response rate (p<0.002) in the group receiving three drugs than in that receiving two drugs. The side effects encountered were comparable.
Monolithic Integration of an Active InSb-Based Mid-Infrared Photopixel With a GaAs MESFET (2015)

Medium wavelength infrared (MWIR) detectors are of increasing importance in defense, security, commercial, and environmental applications. Enhanced integration will lead to greater resolution and lower cost focal plane arrays (FPAs). We present the monolithic fabrication of an active photopixel made in InSb on a GaAs substrate that is suitable for large-scale integration into an FPA. Pixel addressing is provided by the cointegration of a GaAs MESFET with an InSb photodiode (PD). Pixel fabrication was achieved by developing novel materials and process steps, including isolation etches, a gate recess etch, and low temperature processes, to make Ohmic contacts to both the GaAs and InSb devices. Detailed electrical and optical measurements in an FTIR demonstrated that the PD was sensitive to radiation in the range of 3-5 μm at room temperature, and that the device could be isolated from its contacts using the integrated MESFET. This heterogeneous technology creates great potential to realize a new type of monolithic FPA of addressable pixels for imaging in the MWIR range.
Investigation of female survival benefit in metastatic melanoma (1999)

Epidemiological studies show female survival benefit in advanced metastatic melanoma. In investigating a possible mechanism for this female survival benefit, we have previously reported that the female steroid 17beta-oestradiol significantly reduces invasion of a human melanoma cell line (A375-SM cells) and ocular melanoma cells through fibronectin. Neither cell type was found to possess oestrogen receptor-alpha. The aim of the current study was to obtain further information on the extent to which progression of cutaneous melanoma might be sex steroid sensitive by (a) examining the relationship between circulating sex steroids, sex hormone binding globulin and disease progression; (b) examining the relationship between sex steroid structure and the ability of steroids to reduce invasion of a melanoma cell line in vitro; and (c) examining the effects of sex steroids on proliferation of these cells in vitro. We report a significant reduction in circulating oestrone with disease progression in male but not female patients. Examining steroids for their ability to inhibit invasion of A375-SM cells through fibronectin in vitro, oestrogenic compounds (17beta-oestradiol and oestrone) were found to inhibit invasion; in this respect, oestrone was approximately 50 times more potent than 17beta-oestradiol; steroids lacking the benzene ring structure did not inhibit invasion, indeed dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) which acts as a precursor to androgenic steroids significantly enhanced invasion. Proliferation of A375-SM cells was unaffected by 17beta-oestradiol, oestrone or dihydrotestosterone when cells were cultured on plastic; in contrast, all three steroids induced modest proliferation of cells when grown on fibronectin with dihydrotestosterone the most mitogenic of the three steroids. These data are consistent with sex steroids playing a role in melanoma progression.
A brushless motor drive with sensorless control for commercial vehicle hydraulic pumps (2008)

The paper describes the electronic design of a brushless motor drive powering a hydraulic Motor-Pump-Unit (MPU) for automotive applications. The full MPU consists of a Permanent Magnet (PM) brushless motor, a three-phase MOSFET inverter with digital control and a gear pump for the hydraulic circuit. The MPU designed in this project is characterized by low voltage supply and high hydraulic output power, so that the choice of power electronic components have been particularly challenging, mainly because of conflicting requirements in terms of current rating and total cost. The experimental results obtained with a first MPU prototype demonstrate that the weak point of the complete mechatronic design is related to the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump, while the power converter and brushless motor assembly is characterized by an acceptable efficiency.
ACID/HNN: a framework for hierarchical connectionist acoustic modeling (2002)

We propose the ACID/HNN framework for context dependent large vocabulary conversational speech recognition (LVCSR) using connectionist acoustic models. Our approach advocates the principles of modularity and hierarchy for the estimation of thousands of context dependent posterior HMM state probabilities. We argue that a hierarchical organization of the acoustic model is crucial in obtaining competitive performance with connectionist estimators. We introduce ACID, an Agglomerative Clustering scheme based on information divergence and use it to induce soft decision trees for hierarchical classification. A Hierarchy of Neural Networks (HNN) is then applied to the estimation of conditional posterior probabilities. We discuss the benefits of hierarchically structured acoustic models for speaker adaptation and scoring speed-up. Finally, we present experiments on the Switchboard conversational telephone speech corpus, currently a major focus of research in the LVCSR community.
Diagnosis of plant viruses by nucleic acid hybridization (1987)

Nucleic acid hybridization is a powerful technique for the diagnosis of many plant viruses not easily detected by serological techniques. It is particularly effective in the detection of viruses occurring in low amount in plant tissue, viruses that are poor immunogens or contain satellites. Molecular probes with desired specificities can be prepared by recombinant DNA techniques for large scale use. cDNA probes of potato virus X(PVX) RNA were made by molecular cloning, and the clones were 32P labelled by nick translation. Hybridization of cDNA to PVX RNA revealed 1 ng of purified virus in 2 µl spots dried onto nitrocellulose filter. Infected samples of crude leaf extracts were easily detected by hybridization, while probes did not react with healthy leaf samples. Nucleic acid hybridization research aims at replacing radiometric probes with nonradioactive methods involving enzymes which are directly or indirectly coupled to the probe and whose presence is observed with the aid of a colour changing substrate. Hybridization assay formats that can easily be automatized are under development. Sandwich hybridization is a simple test format developed for analyzing unpurified biological material, and it appears to be a powerful tool for microbial diagnostics. Sensitivity can be improved by using detection systems in which the specific activity of the probe is increased. Procedures such as ’polymerase chain reaction’, in which the amount of detectable nucleic acid sequences can be increased, are promising alternatives for increasing sensitivity. It is concluded that even if probe-based assays are in their infancy, they will no doubt develop towards such easy use as have immunological test kits.
Ordered dither patterns for coarse quantization of pictures (1971)

It is well known that a coarse quantizer can be used for pulse-code modulation (PCM) picture transmission when random dither is added to the video, and that synchronous dither subtraction at the receiver significantly improves picture quality. Two-dimensional ordered dither patterns are reported and illustrated which provide better picture quality than equivalent random dither and which do not require synchronous subtraction.
Chitobiase, A New Reporter Enzyme (1998)

N,N'-diacetylchitobiase (chitobiase) from the marine organism Vibrio harveyi is a highly stable reporter enzyme for gene fusions. This enzyme hydrolyzes the disaccharide chitobiose to N-acetyl glucosamine. The advantages of the reporter gene encoding chitobiase (chb) are: (i) that chitobiase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities are missing in E. coli strains, (ii) chitobiase can be monitored using blue/white colony indicator plates and (iii) convenient substrates for this enzyme are commercially available. The use of chitobiase as a reporter enzyme is generally applicable to the study of gene expression in those bacteria that do not contain N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidases. We constructed plasmid vectors containing a multiple cloning site for producing in-frame fusions to chitobiase, the attP of lambda phase for movement into the bacterial chromosome for single-copy analysis, the gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat), the pACYC184 origin of replication and the rrnBt1t2 terminator region upstream of the chb gene to prevent read-through from other promoters. In-frame fusions between the dnaA gene and chb were moved to the chromosome by site-specific recombination with the chromosomal attB site. These single-copy fusions were assayed for chitobiase to examine the effects of a deletion in the dnaA regulatory region.
Binding of Hexabrachions to Heparin and DNA (1989)

Hexabrachions are extracellular proteins expressed in certain tissues and at specific points in development. cDNA sequencing has revealed that they contain a region of repeats that are similar to the type III homology units of fibronectin. The corresponding region of fibronectin contains heparin- and DNA-binding domains. We have compared the heparin and DNA binding of hexabrachion secreted by the human glioblastoma cell line U87MG to that of fibronectin. Both proteins bound to heparin-agarose in low salt (0.05 M NaCl) buffers. Using linear salt gradients, hexabrachion was eluted from heparin prior to fibronectin. The addition of 5 mM CaCl2 decreased the affinity of both proteins for heparin, but it had a greater effect upon the binding of fibronectin. Free heparin but not chondroitin sulfate inhibited the binding of both proteins to heparin-agarose. In addition, hexabrachion bound to DNA as fibronectin does, and this binding could be inhibited by heparin but not by chondroitin sulfate. Unlike fibronectin, hexabrachion did not bind to gelatin when samples containing both proteins were passed over gelatin-agarose, also indicating that there was no interaction between hexabrachion and fibronectin. In contrast to hexabrachion isolated from brain, the protein secreted by the human glioblastoma cell line U87MG does not bear the HNK-1 epitope which is on a carbohydrate that can mediate interactions between cells.
Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals <i>PCAT5</i> as a Novel ERG-Regulated Long Noncoding RNA in Prostate Cancer (2015)

Castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) that arise after the failure of androgen-blocking therapies cause most of the deaths from prostate cancer, intensifying the need to fully understand CRPC pathophysiology. In this study, we characterized the transcriptomic differences between untreated prostate cancer and locally recurrent CRPC. Here, we report the identification of 145 previously unannotated intergenic long noncoding RNA transcripts (lncRNA) or isoforms that are associated with prostate cancer or CRPC. Of the one third of these transcripts that were specific for CRPC, we defined a novel lncRNA termed PCAT5 as a regulatory target for the transcription factor ERG, which is activated in approximately 50% of human prostate cancer. Genome-wide expression analysis of a PCAT5-positive prostate cancer after PCAT5 silencing highlighted alterations in cell proliferation pathways. Strikingly, an in vitro validation of these alterations revealed a complex integrated phenotype affecting cell growth, migration, invasion, colony-forming potential, and apoptosis. Our findings reveal a key molecular determinant of differences between prostate cancer and CRPC at the level of the transcriptome. Furthermore, they establish PCAT5 as a novel oncogenic lncRNA in ERG-positive prostate cancers, with implications for defining CRPC biomarkers and new therapeutic interventions.
Nylon Monofilament for Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats (1995)

Exact diameter and quality are not always the same among nylon monofilaments, even if they meet the standard for the designation 4-0. The present study indicates that slight differences of filament characteristics significantly affect lesion volume and its reproducibility. This result may explain some conflicting observations in this MCA occlusion model.
A MBIST controller based on JTAG interface applied in power line chip (2016)

In this paper, a design of memory built-in self-test based on JTAG interface circuit applied in Power line communication chip is implemented with SMIC 0.18um CMOS 1P5M process. The memory built-in self-test circuit mainly includes JTAG interface and memory test circuits. Test data and test instruction can be sent and received through only 5 JTAG interface pins. It can also complete memory test with only 5 instructions so that it will save more test cost. Furthermore, the faulty memory can be positioned via the BIST controller and be output through the JTAG port. The test results show that it can run perfectly with 50MHz working clock.
Epitopes Recognized by a Nonautoreactive Murine Anti-<i>N</i>-Propionyl Meningococcal Group B Polysaccharide Monoclonal Antibody (2005)

The capsular polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis group B (MBPS) is a polymer of alpha (2-->8) N-acetyl neuraminic acid. The polysaccharide is chemically identical to an autoantigen, polysialic acid (PSA), and is a poor immunogen, even when conjugated to protein carriers. Immunization of mice with MBPS-protein conjugate vaccines, in which N-acetyl groups have been replaced by propionyl groups (N-Pr MBPS), elicits serum bactericidal antibodies. A subpopulation of these antibodies do not cross-react with human PSA. The reasons for the increased immunogenicity of N-Pr MBPS and the antigenic targets of the bactericidal nonautoreactive antibodies are unknown. In this study, we investigated the antigenic targets of a protective murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) prepared against a N-Pr MBPS-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine. Binding of the MAb to N-Pr MBPS (as demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and bactericidal activity were inhibited by de-N-acetylated MBPS and re-N-acetylated MBPS, which indicate that N-propionyl groups are not obligatory determinants for binding. The results of affinity selection from a preparation of N-Pr MBPS and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopic analysis indicated that the minimal epitope recognized by the MAb is a MBPS disaccharide containing one de-N-acetylated residue. Thus, the bacterial capsular epitope recognized by this bactericidal, nonautoreactive, anti-group-B MAb likely contains de-N-acetyl residues.
PPP Deflate Protocol (1996)

This document describes the use of the PPP Deflate compression
protocol for compressing PPP encapsulated packets. This memo provides
information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an
Internet standard of any kind.
Re-engineering legacy tech manual's troubleshooting procedures into smart model-based diagnostics (2002)

Technical Manuals used for field maintenance of US Army systems rely heavily on troubleshooting procedures which are presented in "flow chart" format. These flow charts guide the technician through test procedures to isolate the cause of an equipment malfunction. These procedures are static, that is they are highly structured around a pre-determined sequence of tests, do not become "smarter" over time with historical maintenance data and they only take into account those symptoms and faults which the original developer considered. They are often incomplete, sometimes wrong, and are very difficult to update and maintain. As the Army moves to computer-assisted methods of maintenance, the opportunity exists to significantly enhance the basic logic and knowledge representation underlying troubleshooting procedures. The enhancements include knowledge based reasoning about faults related to symptoms, the ability to dynamically relate faults to symptoms, the ability to use historical maintenance data to continuously improve maintenance capability, and the ability to house "expert" diagnostics information in a form that becomes usable and available to novice technicians. However, can tree-based troubleshooting logic from legacy systems be efficiently re-engineered to a knowledge-based system with the same benefits? This paper addresses the aspects of transitioning from flow-chart intensive knowledge representation to a format which provides the benefits described above.
Phase conjugation in liquid suspensions of microspheres in the diffusive limit (1985)

We examine phase conjugation via degenerate four-wave mixing in liquid suspensions of microspheres in the small-field limit, where saturation effects can be ignored. For these media, electro- strictive forces modulate the microparticle density in such a way that two orthogonal spatial gratings are created. Coherent scattering of the pump radiation from these two gratings gives rise to the formation of a conjugate wave, as well as amplification of the probe wave. We discuss the steady-state and transient characteristics of the probe and conjugate waves in this regime where the dynamics of the microparticles is governed by diffusion.