gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation Regulates Id2 Degradation and Mediates the Proliferation of Neural Precursor Cells (2016)

Inhibitor of DNA binding proteins (Id1-Id4) function to inhibit differentiation and promote proliferation of many different cell types. Among the Id family members, Id2 has been most extensively studied in the central nervous system (CNS). Id2 contributes to cultured neural precursor cell (NPC) proliferation as well as to the proliferation of CNS tumors such as glioblastoma that are likely to arise from NPC-like cells. We identified three phosphorylation sites near the N-terminus of Id2 in NPCs. To interrogate the importance of Id2 phosphorylation, Id2(-/-) NPCs were modified to express wild type (WT) Id2 or an Id2 mutant protein that could not be phosphorylated at the identified sites. We observed that NPCs expressing this mutant lacking phosphorylation near the N-terminus had higher steady-state levels of Id2 when compared to NPCs expressing WT Id2. This elevated level was the result of a longer half-life and reduced proteasome-mediated degradation. Moreover, NPCs expressing constitutively de-phosphorylated Id2 proliferated more rapidly than NPCs expressing WT Id2, a finding consistent with the well-characterized function of Id2 in driving proliferation. Observing that phosphorylation of Id2 modulates the degradation of this important cell-cycle regulator, we sought to identify a phosphatase that would stabilize Id2 enhancing its activity in NPCs and extended our analysis to include human glioblastoma-derived stem cells (GSCs). We found that expression of the phosphatase PP2A altered Id2 levels. Our findings suggest that inhibition of PP2A may be a novel strategy to regulate the proliferation of normal NPCs and malignant GSCs by decreasing Id2 levels. Stem Cells 2016;34:1321-1331.
Synthesis and biological activity of certain 3,4-disubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine nucleosides (1984)

A number of 3,4-disubstituted pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine ribonucleosides were synthesized and tested for their biological activity. Glycosylation of persilylated as well as nonsilylated 3-bromoallopurinol with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-D-ribofuranose (4) provided the key intermediate 3-bromo-1-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidin-4(5H)-one (5a). Similar glycosylations of 3-cyanoallopurinol and 3-(methylthio)allopurinol furnished the corresponding protected N-1 glycosyl derivatives (5b and 5c). Debenzoylation of these nucleosides (5a-c) gave the corresponding 3-bromo-, 3-cyano-, and 3-(methylthio)allopurinol nucleosides (6a-c). The site of glycosylation and anomeric configuration of 6a and 6c were assigned on the basis of spectral studies as well as conversion to allopurinol ribonucleoside, whereas the structural assignment of 6b was made by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Conventional functional group transformation of 5a and 5b provided a number of novel 3-substituted allopurinol nucleosides, which included 10a and 18a-d. Glycosylation of 4-amino-3-bromopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (14) with 4 and subsequent debenzoylation gave 3-bromo-4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine ribonucleoside (13a) from which 3,4-diamino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (13b) was obtained by amination. Thiation of 5b, followed by deblocking, gave 3-cyanothiopurinol ribonucleoside (20). All of these compounds were tested in vitro against certain viruses, tumor cells, and the parasite Leishmania tropica. Among the 3-substituted allopurinol nucleosides, 18b and 18c showed significant activity against Para 3 virus and were found to be potent inhibitors of growth of L1210 and P388 leukemia. Compound 20 exhibited the most significant broad-spectrum in vitro antiviral and antitumor activity. 3-Bromoallopurinol ribonucleoside (6a) was found to be more active than allopurinol ribonucleoside against Leishmania tropica within human macrophages in vitro.
Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation with Biological Dosimeters (2000)

Journal Article Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation with Biological Dosimeters Get access A. Cabaj, A. Cabaj Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Sommer R. Sommer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 91, Issue 1-3, 1 September 2000, Pages 139–142, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a033183 Published: 01 September 2000
Development of<i>N</i>-Methyl-(2-arylquinolin-4-yl)oxypropanamides as Leads to PET Radioligands for Translocator Protein (18 kDa) (2014)

Translocator protein (18 kDa), known as TSPO, is a recognized biomarker of neuroinflammation. Radioligands with PET accurately quantify TSPO in neuroinflammatory conditions. However, the existence of three human TSPO genotypes that show differential affinity to almost all useful TSPO PET radioligands hampers such studies. There is an unmet need for genotype-insensitive, high-affinity, and moderately lipophilic TSPO ligands that may serve as leads for PET radioligand development. To address this need, we varied the known high-affinity TSPO ligand (l)-N,N-diethyl-2-methyl-3-(2-phenylquinolin-4-yl)propanamide in its aryl scaffold, side chain tether, and pendant substituted amido group while retaining an N-methyl group as a site for labeling with carbon-11. From this effort, oxygen-tethered N-methyl-aryloxypropanamides emerged as new high-affinity TSPO ligands with attenuated lipophilicity, including one example with attractive properties for PET radioligand development, namely N-methyl-N-phenyl-2-{[2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-4-yl]oxy}propanamide (22a; rat Ki=0.10 nM; human TSPO genotypes Ki=1.4 nM; clogD=4.18).
Performance and availability aware regeneration for cloud based multitier applications (2010)

Virtual machine technology enables agile system deployments in which software components can be cheaply moved, replicated, and allocated hardware resources in a controlled fashion. This paper examines how these facilities can be used to provide enhanced solutions to the classic problem of ensuring high availability while maintaining performance. By regenerating software components to restore the redundancy of a system whenever failures occur, we achieve improved availability compared to a system with a fixed redundancy level. Moreover, by smartly controlling component placement and resource allocation using information about application control flow and performance predictions from queuing models, we ensure that the resulting performance degradation is minimized. We consider an environment in which a collection of multitier enterprise applications operates across multiple hosts, racks, clusters, and data centers to maximize failure independence. Simulation results show that our proposed approach provides better availability and significantly lower degradation of system response times compared to traditional approaches.
A high-power and fast charging Li-ion battery with outstanding cycle-life (2017)

Electrochemical energy storage devices based on Li-ion cells currently power almost all electronic devices and power tools. The development of new Li-ion cell configurations by incorporating innovative functional components (electrode materials and electrolyte formulations) will allow to bring this technology beyond mobile electronics and to boost performance largely beyond the state-of-the-art. Here we demonstrate a new full Li-ion cell constituted by a high-potential cathode material, i.e. LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, a safe nanostructured anode material, i.e. TiO<sub>2</sub>, and a composite electrolyte made by a mixture of an ionic liquid suitable for high potential applications, i.e. Pyr<sub>1,4</sub>PF<sub>6</sub>, a lithium salt, i.e. LiPF<sub>6</sub>, and standard organic carbonates. The final cell configuration is able to reversibly cycle lithium for thousands of cycles at 1000 mAg<sup>-1</sup> and a capacity retention of 65% at cycle 2000.
Measuring submicrometer displacement vectors using high-frame-rate ultrasound imaging (2015)

Measuring the magnitude and direction of tissue displacement provides the basis for the assessment of tissue motion or tissue stiffness. Using conventional displacement tracking by ultrasound delay estimation, only one direction of tissue displacement can be estimated reliably. In this paper, we describe a new technique for estimating the complete two-dimensional displacement vector using high-frame-rate ultrasound imaging. We compute the displacement vector using phase delays that can be measured between pairs of elements within an array. By combining multiple element-pair solutions, we find a new robust estimate for the displacement vector. In this paper, we provide experimental proof that this method permits measurement of the displacement vector for isolated scatterers and diffuse scatterers with high (submicrometer) precision, without the need for beam steering. We also show that we can measure the axial and lateral distension of a carotid artery in a transverse view.
A framework for comprehensive analysis of a swing in sports using low-cost inertial sensors (2014)

We present a novel framework to monitor the three-dimensional trajectory (orientation and position) of a golf swing using miniaturized inertial sensors. Firstly we employed a highly accurate and computationally efficient revised gradient descent algorithm to obtain the orientation of a golf club. Secondly, we designed a series of digital filters to determine the backward and forward segments of the swing, enabling us to calculate drift-free linear velocity along with the relative 3D position of the golf club during the entire swing. Finally, the calculated motion trajectory was verified against a ground truth VICON system using Iterative Closest Point (ICP) in conjunction with Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The computationally efficient framework present here achieves a high level of accuracy (r = 0.9885, p < 0.0001) for such a low-cost system. This framework can be utilized for reliable movement technique evaluation and can provide near real-time feedback for athletes in various unconstrained environments. It is envisaged that the proposed framework is applicable to other racket based sports (e.g. tennis, cricket and hurling).
Managing The Windows 2000 Registry (2000)

A gentle introduction to the Registry - a brief history of the Registry, what does the registry do?, advantages offered by the registry, registry Zen registry nuts and bolts - how the Registry is structured, what goes in the Registry, getting data in and out in case of emergency - don't panic!, safety strategies, all about emergency repair disks, backing up the Registry, restoring a backed-up Registry using RegEdit know your limitations - learning the RegEdit interface, Just Browsing, Thanks, connecting to other machines' registries, searching for keys and values, printing registry contents, working with keys and values, exporting and importing, data RegEdit command-Line options using RegEdt32 how Reg Edt32 and RegEdit differ learning the RegEdt32 interface browsing with RegEdt32 remote registry editing searching for keys saving and loading registry keys printing registry contents editing keys and values registry security fundamentals securing Registry Keys in Windows 2000, securing registry Keys in Windows NT using the system - policy editor, all about system policies, introducing the system policy editor, managing policies with POLEDIT, distributing policies, what's in the standard policy, picking the right policies using group policies - what are group policies?, introducing the group policy, snap-in, managing policies distributing policies, what's in the standard policy templates?, picking the right policies using group policies - what are group policies?, introducing the group policy, snap-in, managing policies, distributing policies, what's in the standard policy templates? programming with the Registry - the Registry API, the shell utility API routines, programming with C/C++, programming with Perl, programming with Visual Basic administering the Registry - setting defaults for new user, accounts, using initialization file mapping, limiting remote registry access, fixing Registry security ACLs in Windows NT, adding registry ACLs to group policy objects, encrypting HKLM/SAM with SYSKEY, miscellaneous good stuff, using the resource kit registry utilities, reg: the one-size-fits-all, registry tool, spying on the Registry with RegMon Registry tweaks - user interface tweaks, filesystem tweaks, security tweaks, performance tweaks network, tweaks, printing tweaks the Registry documented - what's here and what's not HKLM\HARDWARE, HKLM\SOFTWARE, HKLM\SYSTEM, HKU, HKCR, HKCU, HKCC, HKDD user configuration group policy objects computer configuration group policy objects.
Behavior of intrinsic Si point defects during annealing in vacuum (1995)

Using B and Sb doped Si(100) doping superlattices (DSL) as tracers of native Si point defect behavior it is shown that vacuum annealing at 810 °C leads to a depletion of Si self-interstitials, with their smallest concentration at the surface, but does not affect the vacancy population. At a fixed depth, the interstitial concentration drops for increasing annealing times; for a given time, the interstitial concentration increases into the sample as a function of depth. Inert anneals of a B-DSL in Ar show flat interstitial profiles. Apparently, the vacuum anneal makes the surface a better sink for interstitials than an inert Ar anneal, leading to an equilibrium interstitial concentration below the value in the bulk and establishing a net outflow of interstitials to the surface. The absence of a response of the vacancy population yields a lower limit on the interstitial-vacancy recombination time of 104 s at 810 °C. Process simulation of this scenario captures the essential trends of the experimental data.
The Necessity and Impossibility of Political Economy (1972)

Economics is supposed to be the most advanced of the social sciences. But this is because it is hardly a social science, and those sectors in which it has made the greatest advances are precisely those least concerned with the human. Economics stands at the point of man's interaction with nature, not with other men; its powers of prediction derive from the inanimate side of its subject matter. Increasing returns to scale, diminishing returns when one input is fixed, the inexorability of material balances in an input/output table, the rate of technical progress, the fact of scarcity-in a word, the logic of commodities: no wonder Marx thought of man's struggle with nature as the predictable part of man's history. No wonder either, that he hoped it determined the superstructure. But that is the trouble: it does not determine, it only constrains. And this is what makes a successful political economy so improbable. Moreover, when economics turns to consider man, it takes a most inhuman view of him: he is a Benthamite, a maximizer of a simple and constant psychological function. The problems he faces, too -those of exchange and choice between alternatives are the same every morning, and his unique faculty of memory alters nothing fundamental in his behavior. It only makes him a better adjuster of the same kind. Indeed, the very rate at which he increases his efficiency is a matter of experience, and can be generalized upon (the learning curve). There is, then, no history, but only a chronology of demographic and technological change and capital accumulation. Ideas may develop, but the motivation is always the same. Political power may change hands, but unless it expresses itself in adequately enforced legislation, men's behavior is always everywhere the same. The astounding thing is that this assumption works. Not perfectly, of course. It does not well describe the behavior of most primitive tribes; nor of complicated exchange situations involving trade unions and large capitalist corporations; and least of all governments, which are fundamentally not in this kind of situation at all. But for the rest, including individuals in a communist society, Benthamism is an evidently workable assumption about economic behavior, fruitful of correct predictions. It may be that sociology,
Pyrazole Carboxamide Fungicides Inhibiting Succinate Dehydrogenase (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction History Synthesis Mode of Action Biological Activity Structure–Activity Relationships Acknowledgements References
Iron(III)/NaBH<sub>4</sub>-Mediated Additions to Unactivated Alkenes: Synthesis of Novel 20′-Vinblastine Analogues (2012)

An Fe(III)/NaBH(4)-mediated reaction for the functionalization of unactivated alkenes is described defining the alkene substrate scope, establishing the exclusive Markovnikov addition, exploring a range of free radical traps, examining the Fe(III) salt and initiating hydride source, introducing H(2)O-cosolvent mixtures, and exploring catalytic variants. Its use led to the preparation of a novel, potent, and previously inaccessible C20'-vinblastine analogue.
Campylobacter fetus septicemia with concurrent salpingitis (1977)

Campylobacter fetus was isolated from the blood of a nonpregnant young woman who had a clinical diagnosis of salpingitis. A description of the isolate of C. fetus is given. An increasing awareness of human infections and capability of growing this microaerophilic organism should contribute to our understanding of the incidence and virulence of this bacterium.
A compact MicroCT/MicroXRF scanner for non-destructive 3D chemical analysis (2008)

We have developed a compact laboratory scanner, which combines X-ray microtomography (microCT) with X-ray microfluorescence tomography (3D microXRF). This dual-modality scanner opens possibility for nondestructive threedimensional volumetric analysis of local chemical composition, enhanced by morphological information provided by the built-in microCT. Unlike known microXRF methods based on collimated beam and detector, our microXRF scanner includes a full-field acquisition system based on an energy-sensitive detector with 512x512 pixels operating in photon counting mode. It allows detection of two-dimensional photon energy distribution in the range of 3...20keV. Up to 8 sets of energy windows can be selected for independent and simultaneous collection of microXRF images. By object rotation the scanner acquires projections in transmission and fluorescence mode for subsequent 3D reconstruction. The system acquires data in such a way that the CT scans and XRF scans match each other in magnification and angular position. This makes image registration much easier and more accurate. MicroCT data is reconstructed with a FBP algorithm. All microXRF datasets are reconstructed by a maximum likelihood iterative algorithm, which uses corresponding CT images for absorption correction.
Effect of glycine and glucose on sodium and water absorption in patients with cholera (1970)

Electrolyte solutions containing glucose, glycine, or a combination of the two were absorbed sufficiently well from the intestine to supply maintenance fluid and the electrolytes required by cholera patients. Data on net absorption and duration and volume of diarrhoea show that a solution containing both glucose and glycine provides more effective therapy than solutions containing either glucose or glycine alone.
Characterization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ectodomain (sICAM-1) as an inhibitor of lymphocyte function-associated molecule-1 interaction with ICAM-1 (1995)

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a member of the Ig superfamily, contains five Ig-like domains comprising the extracellular portion of the molecule, and interacts with lymphocyte function-associated molecule-1 (LFA-1), a member of the beta 2-integrin family. LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction is important in a variety of cellular events including Ag-specific T cell activation and leukocyte transendothelial migration. Recently, a soluble circulating form of ICAM-1 has been detected in human serum that appears to result from the proteolytic cleavage of membrane ICAM-1. Native and recombinant soluble forms of ICAM-1 have been reported to inhibit LFA-1/ICAM-mediated adhesion in vitro, and it is conceivable that circulating forms of soluble ICAM-1 are regulators of LFA-1/ICAM-1-mediated cell-cell interaction in vivo. We have investigated the properties of the ICAM-1 ectodomain (sICAM453) as an inhibitor of LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-1 in cell- and molecule-based systems. The results show clearly that recombinant sICAM453 can inhibit LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction. Soluble ICAM-1 inhibited LFA-1-mediated cell adhesion to immobilized sICAM453 and homotypic T-cell aggregation with IC50 in the 20 to 40 microM range. Definitive evidence that sICAM-1 can inhibit LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-1 was obtained by showing that the sICAM-1 inhibited the interaction between LFA-1 protein micelles and ICAM-1 immobilized on plastic. These results clearly show that sICAM453 can bind to LFA-1 and competitively inhibit ICAM-1/LFA-1-mediated cell-cell interaction, albeit at concentrations much greater than found in plasma. As a consequence, it is unlikely that sICAM-1 would antagonize ICAM-1/LFA-1-mediated cellular events in vivo.
A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled multicentre study to explore the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin and tolterodine in women with overactive bladder syndrome (2007)

Tamsulosin is not effective for treating OAB in women and the evidence from this study does not support its use on an empirical basis.
RETROFITTING STEAM TURBINES WITH MODERN CONTROL PLATFORMS (2003)

Steam turbine owners are being confronted with complex operating processes brought on by deregulation. In order to compete in today’s electrical power market place and meet these complex operating conditions, steam turbine owners have begun to retrofit their steam turbine control systems with modern control platforms. Because these modern control platforms provide better control of the steam turbine, the flexibility to meet the demands of the market can be obtained. The control system design is critical to optimize availability and reliability while minimizing impact on maintenance and capital budgets. Issues such as turbine performance, controls integration and future upgrades are sometimes overlooked when implementing a turbine control system modification. This paper presents examples of steam turbine control system design and integration and offers recommendations for a successful steam turbine control upgrade.
Subcutaneous white adipocytes express a light sensitive signaling pathway mediated via a melanopsin/TRPC channel axis (2017)

Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) is the major fat depot in humans and is a central player in regulating whole body metabolism. Skin exposure to UV wavelengths from sunlight is required for Vitamin D synthesis and pigmentation, although it is plausible that longer visible wavelengths that penetrate the skin may regulate scWAT function. In this regard, we discovered a novel blue light-sensitive current in human scWAT that is mediated by melanopsin coupled to transient receptor potential canonical cation channels. This pathway is activated at physiological intensities of light that penetrate the skin on a sunny day. Daily exposure of differentiated adipocytes to blue light resulted in decreased lipid droplet size, increased basal lipolytic rate and alterations in adiponectin and leptin secretion. Our results suggest that scWAT function may be directly under the influence of ambient sunlight exposure and may have important implications for our current understanding of adipocyte biology. (150 words).