gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probing the Reaction Mechanism of Aluminum/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composites (2016)

Energetic thin films with high mass loadings of nanosized components have been recently fabricated using electrospray deposition. These films are composed of aluminum nanoparticles (nAl) homogeneously dispersed in an energetic fluoropolymer binder, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The nascent oxide shell of the nAl has been previously shown to undergo a preignition reaction (PIR) with fluoropolymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This work examines the PIR between alumina and PVDF to further explain the reaction mechanism of the Al/PVDF system. Temperature jump (T-jump) ignition experiments in air, argon, and vacuum environments showed that the nAl is fluorinated by gas phase species due to a decrease in reactivity in a vacuum. Thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) was used to confirm the occurrence of a PIR, and gas phase products during the PIR and fluorination of nAl were investigated with temperature jump time-of-flight mass spectrometry (T-jump TOFMS). Results show a direct correlation between the amount of alumina in the PVDF film and the relative signal intensity of hydrogen fluoride release (HF). Although the PIR between alumina and PVDF plays an important role in the Al/PVDF reaction mechanism, burn speeds of Al/PVDF films containing additional pure alumina particles showed no burn speed enhancement.
The Significance of Iron in Infection (1981)

The iron-binding proteins transferrin and lactoferrin restrict the amount of ionic iron available in body fluids to 10(-18) M. This amount is insufficient for normal bacterial growth, and pathogens acquire iron either by producing iron-chelating agents or by utilizing heme compounds. Iron-binding proteins, in combination with antibodies, often have powerful bacteriostatic effects in vitro and are essential for protection against many infections. Lactoferrin appears to be essential for the bactericidal function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fever lowers the concentration of iron in serum and favors resistance to infection. Liberation of heme compounds can enhance clinical infections.
Some relationships between heart attacks and paralytic strokes. (1952)

When a patient suddenly collapses and loses consciousness, it is reasonable to assume that both the heart and the brain are acutely disordered. In as many as one case in three in which permanent paralysis occurs, cerebral softening rather than hemorrhage is observed at autopsy. Because there is no proof that in the early stages of stroke the changes are irreversible, and because in a significant proportion of cases the heart is simultaneously injured, both stellate ganglion block and anticoagulant therapy seem justified.
Emerging, evolving, and established infectious diseases and interventions (2014)

Planning, implementing, and evaluating interventions against infectious diseases depend on the nature of the infectious disease; the availability of intervention measures; and logistical, economic, and political constraints. Infectious diseases and vaccine- or drug-based interventions can be loosely categorized by the degree to which the infectious disease and the intervention are well established. Pertussis, polio, and measles are three examples of long-known infectious diseases for which global vaccination has dramatically reduced the public health burden. Pertussis vaccination was introduced in the 1940s, polio vaccination in the 1950s, and measles vaccination in the 1960s, nearly eliminating these diseases in many places.
On the imaging of radio-frequency electromagnetic data forcross-borehole mineral exploration (1998)

Radio-frequency (typically from 0.1 to 20 MHz) electromagneti c methods are powerful tools for locating conductive mineralization in ore exploration and mine development. Yet data interpretation is complicated by the non-linear relationship between the observed electric and magnetic fields and the electrical parameters of the Earth. The principal means of quantifying inversion capabilities is to compute synthetic data sets using accurate numerical models and to perform the inversion under controlled conditions. Our specific interest is in locating 3-D bodies that are highly conductive relative to the host rock. An excellent approximation for this class of targets, at least at radio frequencies, is to assume that the bodies are infinitely conductive. The numerical advantage of this assumption is that inhomogeneities can be represented simply as internal boundaries where the total electric and magnetic fields are identically equal to zero. Ensuring numerical stability thus does not require excessive discretization in conductive regions since the maximum grid cell size is determined only by the electrical parameters of the host material. We use a finite-difference time-domain approach to compute the total electric and magnetic fields everywhere within the background medium and validate the code by comparisons with two analytical solutions.
High‐throughput proteomic analysis of human infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast (2003)

Large-scale proteomics will play a critical role in the rapid display, identification and validation of new protein targets, and elucidation of the underlying molecular events that are associated with disease development, progression and severity. However, because the proteome of most organisms are significantly more complex than the genome, the comprehensive analysis of protein expression changes will require an analytical effort beyond the capacity of standard laboratory equipment. We describe the first high-throughput proteomic analysis of human breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDCA) using OCT (optimal cutting temperature) embedded biopsies, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) technology and a fully automated spot handling workstation. Total proteins from four breast IDCAs (Stage I, IIA, IIB and IIIA) were individually compared to protein from non-neoplastic tissue obtained from a female donor with no personal or family history of breast cancer. We detected differences in protein abundance that ranged from 14.8% in stage I IDCA versus normal, to 30.6% in stage IIB IDCA versus normal. A total of 524 proteins that showed > or = three-fold difference in abundance between IDCA and normal tissue were picked, processed and identified by mass spectrometry. Out of the proteins picked, approximately 80% were unambiguously assigned identities by matrix-assisted laser desorbtion/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the first pass. Bioinformatics tools were also used to mine databases to determine if the identified proteins are involved in important pathways and/or interact with other proteins. Gelsolin, vinculin, lumican, alpha-1-antitrypsin, heat shock protein-60, cytokeratin-18, transferrin, enolase-1 and beta-actin, showed differential abundance between IDCA and normal tissue, but the trend was not consistent in all samples. Out of the proteins with database hits, only heat shock protein-70 (more abundant) and peroxiredoxin-2 (less abundant) displayed the same trend in all the IDCAs examined. This preliminary study demonstrates quantitative and qualitative differences in protein abundance between breast IDCAs and reveals 2-D DIGE portraits that may be a reflection of the histological and pathological status of breast IDCA.
Recovering the temporal structure of natural gesture (2002)

A method for the recovery of the temporal structure and phases in natural gesture is presented. The work is motivated by recent developments in the theory of natural gesture which have identified several key aspects of gesture important to communication. In particular, gesticulation during conversation can be coarsely characterized as periods of bi-phasic or tri-phasic gesture separated by a rest state. We first present an automatic procedure for hypothesizing plausible rest state configurations of a speaker; the method uses the repetition of subsequences to indicate potential rest states. Second, we develop a state-based parsing algorithm used to both select among candidate rest stares and to parse an incoming video stream into bi-phasic and multi-phasic gestures. We present results from examples of story-telling speakers.
Business-driven application security: From modeling to managing secure applications (2005)

Business-driven development and management of secure applications and solutions is emerging as a key requirement in the realization of an on demand enterprise. In a given enterprise, individuals acting in various roles contribute to the modeling, development, deployment, and management of the security aspects of a business application. We look at the business-application life cycle and propose a policy-driven approach overlaid on a model-driven paradigm for addressing security requirements. Our approach suggests that security policies are to be modeled using policies and rule templates associated with business processes and models, designed and implemented through infrastructure-managed or application-managed environments based on modeled artifacts, deployed into an infrastructure and potentially customized to meet the security requirements of the consumer, and monitored and managed to reflect a consistent set of policies across the enterprise and all layers of its application infrastructure. We use a pragmatic approach to identify intersection points between the platform-independent modeling of security policies and their concrete articulation and enforcement. This approach offers a way to manage and monitor systems behavior for adherence and compliance to policies. Monitoring may be enabled through both information technology (IT) and business dashboards. Systematic approaches to connect business artifacts to implementation artifacts help implement business policies in system implementations. Best practices and security usage patterns influence the design of reusable and customizable templates. Because interoperability and portability are important in service-oriented architecture (SOA) environments, we list enhancements to standards (e.g., Business Process Execution Language [BPEL], Unified Modeling Language™ [UML®]) that must be addressed to achieve an effective life cycle.
A platform architecture to support the deployment of distributed applications (2003)

Deploying a distributed application on the nodes of a network has undoubtedly been a daunting task, which encompasses the distribution as well as the configuration of its components. Deployment and configuration concerns the placement of software components onto the nodes of a target environment, their installation, configuration, and instantiation, as well as the distribution and configuration tasks during the service usage phase. However, they are not fully addressed by the current CORBA component model (CCM). This paper elaborates on the platform architecture for deployment support and proposes the necessary extensions to current CCM.
Kinetics of Iron Oxidation by <i>Thiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> (1991)

A statistical relationship between the rate of ferric ion production by a strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and various levels of cell concentration, Fe concentration, Na concentration, and temperature was studied by a direct colorimetric method at 304 nm. The relationship was linear (90 to 93%), cross-product (3 to 4%), and quadratic (1 to 2%). The levels of cell concentration and Fe concentration and their respective interactions with one another and the other factors had the most significant effects on the regression models. The solution of the quadratic response surface for optimum oxidation was a saddle point, and the predicted critical levels of temperature, cell concentration, Fe concentration, and Na concentration ranged between -6 and 2 degrees C, 0.43 and 0.62 mg/ml, 72 and 233 mM, and 29.6 mM, respectively.
Thin-Film Differential Scanning Calorimetry:  A New Probe for Assignment of the Glass Transition of Ultrathin Polymer Films (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTThin-Film Differential Scanning Calorimetry: A New Probe for Assignment of the Glass Transition of Ultrathin Polymer FilmsM. Yu. Efremov, J. T. Warren, E. A. Olson, M. Zhang, A. T. Kwan, and L. H. AllenView Author Information Material Science and Engineering Department and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Cite this: Macromolecules 2002, 35, 5, 1481–1483Publication Date (Web):January 26, 2002Publication History Received26 September 2001Revised26 December 2001Published online26 January 2002Published inissue 1 February 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma0116811https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0116811rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1192Altmetric-Citations62LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Annealing (metallurgy),Differential scanning calorimetry,Glass transition,Hydrocarbons,Thickness Get e-Alerts
Incorporation of Lipid-Tagged Single-Chain Antibodies into Lipid Monolayers and the Interaction with Antigen (1996)

Various amounts of a bacterially produced lipid-tagged single-chain antibody were incorporated into phospholipid monolayers preformed at the air−water interface. The mixed layers were transferred onto octadecyl mercaptan-treated gold films, and the binding of hapten, which was used as antigen, was determined by surface plasmon resonance. Incorporation of the single-chain antibody, transfer of the layer onto solid slides, amount of nonspecific adsorption, and thus the amount of specific binding depended on the composition of the lipid matrix. Studies by atomic force microscopy revealed that the film consisted of antibody-enriched lipid domains and that the films were not stable when stored long times in aqueous solution.
In-Fiber Magneto-Optic Devices Based on Ultrahigh Verdet Constant Organic Materials and Holey Fibers (2009)

Abstract : A high sensitivity Verdet constant measurement system was developed that obtained Verdet constants for commercially available standards in excellent agreement with the literature. We have observed Verdet constants of approximately 100,000 degrees/T-m in regioregular polythiophenes and shown that the regioregularity and processing conditions critically effect their properties. New magnetite nanoparticle/acrylate polymer core/shell nanocomposites with exceptional transparency across the visible/IR have been developed. These composites exhibit Verdet constants > 100,000 degrees/T-m in pristine films and > 1,000,000 degrees/T-m in magnetic field poled films at a few weight percent nanoparticle loading. Our unique polymer synthesis allows us to tune the refractive index of the final composite. We have demonstrated waveguide Faraday rotation (2 degrees) using a magnetic field poled nanocomposite as the cladding for a sol-gel waveguide core, and further optimization of optical properties, poling, magnetic field delivery and nanoparticle loading should give the rotation required for an isolator. A garnet-based magnetic field sensor working at about 100 pT has also been demonstrated. KU Leuven provided regioregular polythiophenes and magnetite nanoparticles for our studies.
Sensitive fieldable photoelastic fiber-optic hydrophone (1984)

A multimode fiber-optic intensity-modulated hydrophone has been constructed that appears capable not only of matching the sensitivity of conventional hydrophones but in fact has the potential for deployment at ocean depths and the potential for surviving severe hydrostatic shocks. This approach uses a transduction element comprised of a channel of photoelastic material that becomes optically birefringent when subjected to a uniaxial stress. The birefringence in turn acts cooperatively with polarizers to modulate the light beam traveling through the material in a manner that is in accordance with the applied acoustic stress signal.
EN EL AREA METROPOLITANA, MULTIPLES OPCIONES PARA ESTUDIAR EL BACHILLERATO (1987)

DE LOS 80,596 JOVENES QUE ESTE ANO PRESENTARON EXAMEN PARA INGRESAR AL NIVEL BACHILLERATO DE LA UNAM EN EL CICLO 1987-1988, SOLO 50 POR CIENTO FUE ADMITIDO, DIJO EL SECRETARIO GENERAL DE LA UNAM, JOSE NARRO ROBLES DURANTE UNA CONFERENCIA DE PRENSA DONDE AGREGO QUE EXISTEN EN EL AREA METROPOLITANA SUFICIENTES OFERTAS PARA CUBRIR LA DEMANDA DE EGRESADOS DEL NIVEL MEDIO EDUCATIVO.
Delayed Treatment With an Adenosine Kinase Inhibitor, GP683, Attenuates Infarct Size in Rats With Temporary Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (1998)

Our results indicate that the use of AKIs offers therapeutic potential and may represent a novel approach to the treatment of acute brain ischemia. The therapeutic effect observed was not caused by a decrease in brain temperature.
Adaptive Medical Image Deep Color Perception Algorithm (2020)

The existing medical imaging technologies have little consideration on color information, thus most of medical images are gray. Classical hand-craft features-based methods have obtained unsatisfactory results in colorizing medical images. Moreover, these methods ignore the deep feature of medical images that represent pathology and color information. In this paper, we propose a novel method that iteratively colorizes grayscale medical images under preserving content in fine-tuned deep neural network. To the best of our knowledge, there is no currently work that attempts to colorize the medical image by using deep neural network. Specifically, we propose Y-loss which is defined as nonlinear combination of ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> norm to preserve content invariance between target and colorized medical image. Then, adaptive reference image search algorithm is introduced to code reference and target medical image with D-hash and search reference image in hash code automatically, which free the manual selection of the reference image. Extensive experiment results show that the proposed method can generate higher quality colored medical image than recent state-of-the-art methods, and can be approved by the doctor. The objective evaluation (PSNR and SSIM) outperform an average increment 24% and 47% than baseline method, respectively. Our code is available at: https://github.com/Tongshiyue/Adaptive-medical-image-deep-color-perception-algorithm.
HPV Infection Leaves a DNA Methylation Signature in Oropharyngeal Cancer Affecting Both Coding Genes and Transposable Elements (2021)

HPV oncoproteins can modulate DNMT1 expression and activity, and previous studies have reported both gene-specific and global DNA methylation alterations according to HPV status in head and neck cancer. However, validation of these findings and a more detailed analysis of the transposable elements (TEs) are still missing. Here we performed pyrosequencing to evaluate a 5-CpG methylation signature and Line1 methylation in an oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) cohort. We further evaluated the methylation levels of the TEs, their correlation with gene expression and their impact on overall survival (OS) using the TCGA cohort. In our dataset, the 5-CpG signature distinguished HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC with 66.67% sensitivity and 84.33% specificity. Line1 methylation levels were higher in HPV-positive cases. In the TCGA cohort, Line1, Alu and long terminal repeats (LTRs) showed hypermethylation in a frequency of 60.5%, 58.9% and 92.3%, respectively. <i>ZNF541</i> and <i>CCNL1</i> higher expression was observed in HPV-positive OPSCC, correlated with lower methylation levels of promoter-associated Alu and LTR, respectively, and independently associated with better OS. Based on our findings, we may conclude that a 5-CpG methylation signature can discriminate OPSCC according to HPV status with high accuracy and TEs are differentially methylated and may regulate gene expression in HPV-positive OPSCC.
SHORT RANGE DISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY ELECTRO‐MAGNETIC PHASE COMPARISON TECHNIQUE* (1977)

A bstract The contribution of electromagnetic phase comparison techniques to distance measuring is reviewed in an historical context. Special emphasis is accorded the new class of near infra‐red electro‐optic instruments suited to the measurement of distances under 2 km with an accuracy of a few millimetres. Principles of operation, sources of error, and practical applications are discussed.
Enlargement of the glass transition range in compatible polymer blends (1990)

Abstract Analysis of glass transition temperature ( T g ) ranges for compatible polymer blends defined by differential thermal analysis traces for the onset temperature ( T g, i ) and the final temperature ( T g, f ) of the glass transition shows the well‐known increase in width when compared with the T g ranges of the blend components. This enlargement of the T g range is generally attributed to local composition fluctuations; from a comparison of the effects in blends of polystyrenes (PS/PS) of different molecular weights the influence of an increase of the ratio of weight‐ to number‐average molecular weights M̄ w / M̄ n , because of interactions between the blend components (hetero‐interactions) has to be considered, too. Poly(methyl vinyl ether) (PVME)/PS blends are characterized by a peculiar behaviour, the increase in the width of the T g range being at least three‐fold larger than for all other blends studied. This is valid for all blends with a molecular weight of the PS component higher than 10000. Local incompatibilities suggested by enthalpy relaxation and by dynamic mechanical measurements may be responsible for the observed unusual enlargement of the T g range in the blends with 50–75 wt.‐% PS.
Brightly Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via an Oxygen-Excluding Surfactant Organization (2009)

Attaining high photoluminescence quantum yields for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in order to broaden their optoelectronics and sensing applications has been a challenging task. Among various nonradiative pathways, sidewall chemisorption of oxygen provides a known defect for exciton quenching through nanotube hole doping. We found that an aliphatic (dodecyl) analog of flavin mononucleotide, FC12, leads to high dispersion of SWNTs, which tend to aggregate into bundles. Unlike other surfactants, the surface organization of FC12 is sufficiently tight to exclude oxygen from the SWNT surface, which led to quantum yields as high as 20%. Toluene-dispersed, FC12-wrapped nanotubes exhibited an absorption spectrum with ultrasharp peaks (widths of 12 to 25 milli-electron volts) devoid of the characteristic background absorption of most nanotube dispersions.