gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forward selection for multiple resistance across the non‐selective glyphosate, glufosinate and oxyfluorfen herbicides in <i>Lolium</i> weed species (2016)

A major threat to sustainability of perennial crops in the Iberian Peninsula is evident, as multiple resistance to non-selective glyphosate, glufosinate and oxyfluorfen herbicides has evolved in L. rigidum, L. perenne and L. multiflorum weeds. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Studies of mn (ii) and ni (ii) complexes with schiff base derived from 2-amino benzoic acid and salicylaldehyde (2010)

The complexes of Mn (II) and Ni (II) with Schiff base derived from salicylaldehyde and 2- aminobenzoic acid have been prepared and characterized by gravimetry, potentiometry, molar conductance and infrared analyses. The solubility test on the Schiff base and its nickel(II) complex revealed their solubility in most organic solvents except ether, acetonitrile and tetrachloromethane. However, manganese(II) complex is insoluble in most organic solvents but soluble in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). The molar conductance of the complexes measured are, indicating their non-electrolytic nature. The potentiometric and spectrophotometric studies of the complex compounds revealed 1:1 metal to ligand ratio.
Experimental Comparison of the High-Speed Imaging Performance of an EM-CCD and sCMOS Camera in a Dynamic Live-Cell Imaging Test Case (2014)

The study of living cells may require advanced imaging techniques to track weak and rapidly changing signals. Fundamental to this need is the recent advancement in camera technology. Two camera types, specifically sCMOS and EM-CCD, promise both high signal-to-noise and high speed (>100 fps), leaving researchers with a critical decision when determining the best technology for their application. In this article, we compare two cameras using a live-cell imaging test case in which small changes in cellular fluorescence must be rapidly detected with high spatial resolution. The EM-CCD maintained an advantage of being able to acquire discernible images with a lower number of photons due to its EM-enhancement. However, if high-resolution images at speeds approaching or exceeding 1000 fps are desired, the flexibility of the full-frame imaging capabilities of sCMOS is superior.
Viscosity of KCl and NaCl in Aqueous Urea Solutions at 30 and 35º (1983)

Department of Chemistry, Ravenshaw College, Cuttack-753 003 <em>Manuscript received 5 July 1982, </em>revised <em>19 August 1983, accepted 12 September 1983</em> Viscosities of concentrated solutions of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in aqueous urea solutions of varying concentrations have been determined at 30 and 35°. Graphical techniques have been employed for obtaining different parameters of the viscosity equations. An empirical relation for B values, molar volume and concentration of urea is suggested. The water structure is found to be broken down in presence of urea.
OpenRadio (2012)

We present OpenRadio, a novel design for a programmable wireless dataplane that provides modular and declarative programming interfaces across the entire wireless stack. Our key conceptual contribution is a principled refactoring of wireless protocols into processing and decision planes. The processing plane includes directed graphs of algorithmic actions (eg. 54Mbps OFDM WiFi or special encoding for video). The decision plane contains the logic which dictates which directed graph is used for a particular packet (eg. picking between data and video graphs). The decoupling provides a declarative interface to program the platform while hiding all underlying complexity of execution. An operator only expresses decision plane rules and corresponding processing plane action graphs to assemble a protocol. The scoped interface allows us to build a dataplane that arguably provides the right tradeoff between performance and flexibility. Our current system is capable of realizing modern wireless protocols (WiFi, LTE) on off-the-shelf DSP chips while providing flexibility to modify the PHY and MAC layers to implement protocol optimizations.
Apolipoprotein E Knockout Models (2008)

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial and long-lasting process in humans. Therefore, animal models where more rapid changes occur can be useful for the study of this process. Among such models are the apolipoprotein (apo) E knock out mice. Apo E deficient mice show impaired clearing of plasma lipoproteins and they develop atherosclerosis in a short time. The current review considers lipid metabolism and inflammation as well as nutritional and pharmacological agents affecting atherosclerosis, using the apo E knock out mouse model.
Cooperative Look-Ahead Control of Vehicle Platoon for Maximizing Fuel Efficiency Under System Constraints (2018)

The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by organizing a group of vehicles into a platoon at a short inter-vehicular distance. Additionally, the eco-driving technology has the potential to further increase fuel efficiency by optimizing the speed trajectories of vehicles. However, little research has been done into the eco-driving of a vehicle platoon. This paper proposes a cooperative look-ahead control strategy for maximizing the fuel efficiency of vehicle platoon travelling on a road with varying slopes. In this paper, the aerodynamic drag, nonlinear engine fuel consumption model, discrete gear ratios, and three engine operating modes are considered in the control strategy; under system constraints, a cooperative optimal fuel consumption problem of vehicle platoon based on distributed model predictive control is formulated; to obtain the optimal solution of the formulated nonlinear optimization problem, after the minimum fuel consumption table and the corresponding optimal control variable tables are obtained, the nonlinear optimization problem with discrete control variables is transformed into a 0-1 binary mixed linear programming problem. Simulation results show that, compared with benchmarks, the proposed control strategy can significantly improve fuel efficiency under different passenger comfort requirements, allowed speed ranges, and predictive control horizons.
Effect of Lung Inflation Level on Hyperpolarized<sup>3</sup>He Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurements in Never-Smokers (2013)

The results confirm known anatomic differences in patterns of regional inflation and ventilation with corresponding lung volume changes, emphasizing the need for tight control over lung volume when performing hyperpolarized helium 3 ((3)He) lung studies if (3)He MR imaging is to be used to follow up small longitudinal changes in lung abnormalities.
The design of low-power wireless sensor node (2010)

The power consumption of nodes determines the lifetime of the wireless sensor network. Thus, the design of low-power node is very important. With analysis and comparison to various chips in market, we choose MSP430F2618 and CC2520 to build the low-power and high-performance wireless sensor node. The low-power design and control strategy are also considered during the development. We measure and analyze the current consumptions and communication ranges of the node in different working conditions. The experiment results show that the new design has good low-power characteristic and communication performance.
Application of Walsh Transform to Statistical Analysis (1971)

Harmonic analysis of probability distribution functions has long served an important function in the treatment of stochastic systems. The tasks of generating moments and distributions of sums have been effectively executed in the Fourier spectrum. The properties of the Walsh-Hadamard transform of probability functions of discrete random variables is explored. Many analogies can be drawn between Fourier and Walsh analysis. In particular, it is shown that moments can be generated taking the Gibb's derivative of the Walsh spectrum and that products of Walsh spectra yield the distribution of dyadic sums. Stochastic systems with dyadic symmetry would benefit most from the properties of Walsh analysis and the computational advantages it offers. Some applications in the areas of information theory and pattern recognition are demonstrated.
Novel Bayesian Vectorcardiographic Loop Alignment for Improved Monitoring of ECG and Fetal Movement (2013)

The continuous analysis of electrocardiographic (ECG) signals is complicated by morphological variability in the ECG due to movement of the heart. By aligning vectorcardiographic loops, movement-induced ECG variations can be partly corrected for. Existing methods for loop alignment can account for loop rotation, scaling, and time delays, but they lack the possibility to include a priori information on any of these transformations, and they are unreliable in case of low-quality signals, such as fetal ECG signals. The inclusion of a priori information might aid in the robustness of loop alignment and is, hence, proposed in this paper. We provide a generic Bayesian framework to derive our loop alignment method. In this framework, existing methods can be readily derived as well, as a simplification of our method. The loop alignment is evaluated by comparing its performance in loop alignment to two existing methods, for both adult and fetal ECG recordings. For the adult ECG recordings, a quantitative performance assessment shows that the developed method outperforms the existing method in terms of robustness. For the fetal ECG recordings, it is demonstrated that the developed method can be used to correct ECG signals for movement-induced morphology changes (enabling diagnostics) and that the method is capable of classifying recorded ECG signals to periods of fetal movement or rest ( 0.01). This information on fetal movement can also serve as a valuable diagnostic tool.
Personal Cloud Filesystem: A distributed unification filesystem for personal computer and portable device (2011)

This paper describes Personal Cloud Filesystem, a modular userspace filesystem framework for accessing and manipulating data on multiple remote computers or mobile devices. One of its novelty is that it uses mechanisms similar to those employed by unification filesystem to present a unified view of files and folders from remote machines to user. This allows data from multiple remote sources to appear as if they reside together locally in the filesystem's mount point. It also supports offline operation by automatically caches frequently use data for offline usage. Benchmark results from prototype have shown acceptable performance, despite the increased overhead.
Heterogenisation of a C‐Scorpionate Fe<sup>II</sup> Complex on Carbon Materials for Cyclohexane Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide (2013)

Abstract The hydrotris(pyrazol‐1‐yl)methane iron(II) complex [FeCl 2 {η 3 ‐HC(pz) 3 }] (pz=pyrazol‐1‐yl) ( 1 ) was immobilized on three different carbon materials (activated carbon, carbon xerogel and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes) with three different surface treatments (original, treated with nitric acid, and treated with nitric acid followed by sodium hydroxide) to produce active, selective and recyclable catalysts. The heterogenisation process was more efficient for carbon nanotubes treated with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. An outstanding improved catalytic performance of complex 1 upon heterogenisation on carbon nanotubes treated with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide (turnover numbers up to 5.6×10 3 and overall yield of 21 %), relative to the homogeneous system, was achieved for the single‐pot peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane to the cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol mixture. The heterogenised systems allowed their easy recovery and reuse, at least for five consecutive cycles, maintaining 96 % of the initial activity and concomitant rather high selectivity to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone.
Welfare Queen (2015)

Welfare queen is a derogatory phrase that encapsulates the central myth underlying welfare policy in the United States—that welfare recipients are deceitful and devious, and are gaming the system to collect unneeded welfare payments. This myth is built on an edifice of both racial and gender stereotypes. It taps into pejorative myths about African American women, combining potent images of promiscuity and laziness to suggest that welfare recipients are manipulators of the system, rather than casualties of the labor market. The myths underlying the welfare queen have driven welfare policy over the past several decades, eventually culminating in the demise of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program in 1996, and its replacement with the harsher and more restrictive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program.
Therapeutic Vesicular Nanoreactors with Tumor‐Specific Activation and Self‐Destruction for Synergistic Tumor Ablation (2017)

Abstract Polymeric nanoreactors (NRs) have distinct advantages to improve chemical reaction efficiency, but the in vivo applications are limited by lack of tissue‐specificity. Herein, novel glucose oxidase (GOD)‐loaded therapeutic vesicular NRs ( thera NR) are constructed based on a diblock copolymer containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and copolymerized phenylboronic ester or piperidine‐functionalized methacrylate (P(PBEM‐ co ‐PEM)). Upon systemic injection, thera NR are inactive in normal tissues. At a tumor site, thera NR are specifically activated by the tumor acidity via improved permeability of the membranes. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production by the catalysis of GOD in thera NR increases tumor oxidative stress significantly. Meanwhile, high levels of H 2 O 2 induce self‐destruction of thera NR releasing quinone methide (QM) to deplete glutathione and suppress the antioxidant ability of cancer cells. Finally, thera NR efficiently kill cancer cells and ablate tumors via the synergistic effect.
Entity Matching on Unstructured Data: An Active Learning Approach (2019)

With the growing number of data sources in enterprises, entity matching becomes a crucial part of every data integration project. In order to reduce the human effort involved in identifying matching entities between different database tables, typically machine learning algorithms are applied. Moreover, active learning is often combined with supervised machine learning methods to further reduce the effort of labeling entities as true or false matches. However, while state-of-the-art active learning algorithms have proven to work well on structured data sets, unstructured data still poses a challenge in entity matching. This paper proposes an end-to-end entity matching pipeline to minimize the human labeling effort for entity matching on unstructured data sets. We use several natural language processing techniques such as soft tf-idf to pre-process the record pairs before we classify them using a novel Active Learning with Uncertainty Sampling (ALWUS) algorithm. We designed our algorithm as a plugin system to work with any state-of-the-art classifier such as support vector machines, random forests or deep neural networks. Detailed experimental results demonstrate that our end-to-end entity matching pipeline clearly outperforms comparable entity matching approaches on an unstructured realword data set. Our approach achieves significantly better scores (F1-score) while using 1 to 2 orders of magnitude fewer human labeling efforts than existing state-of-the-art algorithms.
Writing UNIX Device Drivers in C (1992)

From the Publisher:
A practical, hands-on guide to driver design and development. Writing UNIX Device Drivers in C contains all the information you need to design and build UNIX device drivers. Adams and Tondo introduce the concept that device drivers are the implementation of an abstract software architecture and present a template-based development process that reduces the drudgery of implementing and debugging. This approach shortens development time and allows you to focus on the problem the device driver is designed to solve.
Content <i>is</i> King: The Effect of Content on the Perception of Video Quality (2004)

This paper describes a study which examined the effect of video content on viewers' perception of the picture and sound quality of that content. 40 participants viewed 20 different clips of major studio release movies that were 2 minutes in duration. Each clip was encoded at five different rates (490 kbps, 771 kbps & 1100 kbps, VHS and DVD). Each participant saw each clip only once and the level at which that clip was encoded was selected from a counter balanced list. Results indicated that desirability of the content played a significant role in a viewer's subjective ratings of the sound and video quality for a particular clip. It was found that the sound and picture quality of highly desirable content (as determined by each viewer) was rated significantly higher than content that was deemed neutral or undesirable. The study has implications for selecting content for subjective video quality studies
High gradients by simultaneous multifrequency operation of rf structure (1987)

In the context of new accelerating structures considered for single pass colliders (e.g. wake field transformer or switched power Linacl it is proposed to excite the cavity in a phase-locked multi-frequency made of operation. The purpose is to obtain high accelerating gradients with smaller average losses than in the conventional single-frequency operation scheme. In general, the resonant frequencies are not harmonic-ally related to each other. Assuming finite Q-values one can always find a frequency f, such that with a 3 dB bandwidth all resonances considered are at integer mul.tiples of f,. For the gap voltage one obtains in this case periodic pulses with a spcacing r = I/f,. Increasing the peak gap voltage by adding (exciting) further higher modes with equal CW power on each mode (equal shunt impedances assumed) results in power loss-es proportional t.0 “peak instead of Ploss-VZpeak for Single-frequency Operation.
Anomalous behavior of electrical conductivity and thermal noise in carbon black‐containing polymers at <i>T</i><sub><i>g</i></sub> and <i>T</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> (1975)

Abstract Pronounced maxima in resistivity–temperature curves have been found at or above T g for a number of amorphous polymers (PS, PMMA, PVC) containing a small percentage of carbon black. The maxima appeared only after a certain period of storage at T < T g or at heating rates substantially higher than those used in cooling the samples prior to the measurement. For this reason, no maxima were observed during cooling. In crystalline polymers (PE, PP), maxima at T m appeared both on heating and cooling. Marked relaxation effects (time‐dependent resistivity) were recorded in the T g and T m regions. Good agreement was found between resistivity and thermal noise data.
An Electronic Seal System Based on Cloud Computing (2016)

Compared with traditional seals, the electronic seal is easier to use and at lower costs. This paper presents the solution of the electronic seal in electronic contract/document signatures. The system is based on cloud computing, PKI/CA and serial number, which can fuse the direct-vision of an electronic seal system with security of a digital signature. Finally the paper analyzes and verifies the security problems of the electronic seal system such as secrecy, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation.
Lambda-cyhalothrin: an insecticide for hemipteran pest control in white clover seed crops (1996)

Lambda-cyhalothrin was tested in field cages at two rates (5 and 10 g/ha) and in white clover (Trifolium repens) field plots at 10 g/ha. Both rates significantly reduced nymph and adult potato mirid (Calocoris norvegicus) and aphid (Acyrthosiphon spp.) numbers up to 12 and 20 days after treatment (DAT), respectively in the cages. Numbers of aphids and potato mirid nymphs were significantly lower in the 10 g/ha treated cages up to 12 DAT. Aphid numbers were significantly reduced in the lambdacyhalothrin treated field plots up to 7 DAT, but there was no difference in potato mirid adult numbers between the treated and control plots. Of the common aphid predators collected, ladybird (Coccinella undecimpunctata) numbers were adversely affected by lambda-cyhalothrin application up to 14 DAT, while Tasmanian lacewing (Micromus tasmaniae) and harvestmen (Phalangium opilio) numbers were not reduced.
Enhanced Raman scattering by self-assembled silica spherical microparticles (2007)

A technique was developed to achieve enhanced Raman scattering of the silicon photon modes using closely packed micro- and submicron silica spherical particles. Investigation on the particle-size dependence of Raman enhancement revealed that the strongest enhancement occurs when the particle diameter is equal to the spot size of the incident laser beam. Calculations using the OPTIWAVE™ software based on the finite difference time domain algorithm under the perfectly matched layer boundary conditions were carried out. The results showed that photonic nanojets are formed in the vicinity outside the particles along the propagation direction of incident light. It was found that the nanojets are confined to a length of 100nm with a waist of 120nm. The presence of the strongly localized electromagnetic fields within the nanojets accounts for the enhanced Raman scattering. This technique has potential applications both in modern and traditional areas of surface science such as surface oxidation, adhesion, corrosion, and catalytic processes, and many other areas in biology, chemistry, materials science, and microelectronics.
Overexpression of the maize<i>Corngrass1</i>microRNA prevents flowering, improves digestibility, and increases starch content of switchgrass (2011)

Biofuels developed from biomass crops have the potential to supply a significant portion of our transportation fuel needs. To achieve this potential, however, it will be necessary to develop improved plant germplasm specifically tailored to serve as energy crops. Liquid transportation fuel can be created from the sugars locked inside plant cell walls. Unfortunately, these sugars are inherently resistant to hydrolytic release because they are contained in polysaccharides embedded in lignin. Overcoming this obstacle is a major objective toward developing sustainable bioenergy crop plants. The maize Corngrass1 (Cg1) gene encodes a microRNA that promotes juvenile cell wall identities and morphology. To test the hypothesis that juvenile biomass has superior qualities as a potential biofuel feedstock, the Cg1 gene was transferred into several other plants, including the bioenergy crop Panicum virgatum (switchgrass). Such plants were found to have up to 250% more starch, resulting in higher glucose release from saccharification assays with or without biomass pretreatment. In addition, a complete inhibition of flowering was observed in both greenhouse and field grown plants. These results point to the potential utility of this approach, both for the domestication of new biofuel crops, and for the limitation of transgene flow into native plant species.
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Canadian Market-Age Pigs (1998)

During 1991 and 1992, 2,800 market-age pigs were sampled at federally inspected abattoirs from across Canada. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG at titers of > or =1:32 were found in 240 pigs examined by a commercial, latex agglutination test. Seroprevalences ranged from 3.5 to 13.2% in the different regions of the country. Tissue hybridization studies using a previously developed probe demonstrated T. gondii ribosomal RNA in 9 of 36 animals, whereas mouse bioassay testing of heart muscle and diaphragm from all 2,800 pigs failed to demonstrate the presence of infective stages of T. gondii in tissues. Although serology results from this study indicated that Canadian market-age pigs are infected with T. gondii at rates similar to those reported from other parts of North America, mouse bioassay results suggested that Canadian pork products contain low levels of infective organisms. This apparent discrepancy suggests that serological evidence of T. gondii infection in pigs alone does not accurately assess the public health risks associated with consuming improperly cooked pork products.