gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative Ethanol Productivities of Different Zymomonas Recombinants Fermenting Oat Hull Hydrolysate (2001)

Iogen Corporation of Ottawa, Canada, has recently built a 501/d biomass-to-ethanol demonstration plant adjacent to its enzyme production facility. Iogen has partnered with the University of Toronto to test the C6/C5 cofermentation performance characteristics of National Renewable Energy Laboratory's metabolically engineered Zymomonas mobilis using its biomass hydrolysates. In this study, the biomass feedstock was an agricultural waste, namely oat hulls, which was hydrolyzed in a proprietary two-stage process involving pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid at 200–250°C, followed by cellulase hydrolysis. The oat hull hydrolysate (OHH) contained glucose, xylose, and arabinose in a mass ratio of about 8:3:0.5. Fermentation media, prepared from diluted hydrolysate, were nutritionally amended with 2.5 mL/L of corn steep liquor (50% solids) and 1.2 g/L of diammonium phosphate. The estimated cost for large-scale ethanol production using this minimal level of nutrient supplementation was 4.4¢/gal of ethanol. This work examined the growth and fermentation performance of xylose-utilizing, tetracycline-resistant, plasmid-bearing, patented, recombinant Z. mobilis cultures: CP4:pZB5, ZM4:pZB5, 39676:pZB4L, and a hardwood prehydrolysate-adapted variant of 39676:pZB4L (designated as the “adapted” strain). In pH-stat batch fermentations with unconditioned OHH containing 6% (w/v) glucose, 3% xylose, and 0.75% acetic acid, rec Zm ZM4:pZB5 gave the best performance with a fermentation time of 30 h, followed by CP4:pZB5 at 48 h, with corresponding volumetric productivities of 1.4 and 0.89 g/(L-h), respectively. Based on the available glucose and xylose, the process ethanol yield for both strains was 0.47 g/g (92% conversion efficiency). At 48 h, the process yield for rec Zm 39676:pZB4L and the adapted strain was 0.32 and 0.34 g/g, respectively. None of the test strains was able to ferment arabinose. Acetic acid tolerance appeared to be a major determining factor in cofer-mentation performance.
Low-storage capture and loss recovery selective replay of real flows (2012)

Capturing and replaying real flows are important for testing network security products. However, capturing real flows demands a high storage cost and runs a risk of capture loss, which makes the replay inaccurate. Replaying real flows should be accurate and stateful to adapt to the reaction of the device under test. It should also efficiently reproduce a defect and help developers identify the flows triggering defects. Therefore, this work first presents the (N, M, P) capture scheme which begins with, for each connection, capturing at most N bytes of application payload and then at most M bytes of application payload for at most each of the subsequent P packets in the same connection. This scheme reduces 87 percent of storage cost while retaining 99.74 percent of original events. This work develops a tool named SocketReplay with the mechanisms of loss recovery, stateful replay, and selective replay. Loss recovery tracks TCP sequence numbers to identify capture loss and recovers incomplete flows with dummy data. Stateful replay maintains the states in the TCP/IP stack to replay real flows. Selective replay incrementally selects flows to replay. The results show that SocketReplay can accurately and efficiently reproduce product events and significantly decrease the volume of replayed packet traces.
Our Twitter Profiles, Our Selves: Predicting Personality with Twitter (2011)

Psychological personality has been shown to affect a variety of aspects: preferences for interaction styles in the digital world and for music genres, for example. Consequently, the design of personalized user interfaces and music recommender systems might benefit from understanding the relationship between personality and use of social media. Since there has not been a study between personality and use of Twitter at large, we set out to analyze the relationship between personality and different types of Twitter users, including popular users and influentials. For 335 users, we gather personality data, analyze it, and find that both popular users and influentials are extroverts and emotionally stable (low in the trait of Neuroticism). Interestingly, we also find that popular users are `imaginative' (high in Openness), while influentials tend to be `organized' (high in Conscientiousness). We then show a way of accurately predicting a user's personality simply based on three counts publicly available on profiles: following, followers, and listed counts. Knowing these three quantities about an active user, one can predict the user's five personality traits with a root-mean-squared error below 0.88 on a [1,5] scale. Based on these promising results, we argue that being able to predict user personality goes well beyond our initial goal of informing the design of new personalized applications as it, for example, expands current studies on privacy in social media.
Electronic spectra and photophysics of platinum(II) complexes with .alpha.-diimine ligands solid-state effects. 2. Metal-metal interaction in double salts and linear chains (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic spectra and photophysics of platinum(II) complexes with .alpha.-diimine ligands solid-state effects. 2. Metal-metal interaction in double salts and linear chainsVincent M. Miskowski and Virginia H. HouldingCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 23, 4446–4452Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00023a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00023a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1328Altmetric-Citations274LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Beam shaping techniques in scanning electron lithography systems (1978)

A variety of beam shaping techniques are described which we have developed to overcome writing speed limitations inherent to the serial exposure of scanning electron beam lithography systems. We will present experimental results demonstrating the technical feasibility of the various shaping techniques. Figure 1 illustrates E-beam pattern generation by a Gaussian round beam and various shaped beam configurations. The SEM-type, Gaussian round beam exposes one image point at a time. The size of the beam spot is identical with the spatial resolution of the system and is typically 4 to 5 times smaller than the minimum pattern features. For shaped-beam systems, the spatial resolution given by the edge slope of the beam profile is decoupled from the size and shape of the beam spot. Consequently, a plurality of image points can be projected in parallel without loss of resolution. This combination of scanning and projection techniques provides a fast exposure rate without sacrificing the flexibility of computer-controlled pattern generation.
Cluster Assembly of Interfaces: Nanoscale Engineering (1991)

Overlayer structures can be formed on surfaces by the deposition of clusters containing hundreds or thousands of atoms. Cluster assembly alters the reaction pathway at the surface so that novel structures with unique chemical and physical properties can be stabilized. This article discusses the process of cluster assembly. Cluster-assembled interfaces are compared to those obtained by conventional techniques, and examples are given for metal-semiconductor and semiconductor-high temperature superconductor systems.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Therapy in Chronic Childhood Iridocyclitis (1988)

The adjunctive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of chronic iridocyclitis was evaluated in 14 patients, eight with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and six with idiopathic iridocyclitis. In all patients, the activity of the iridocyclitis improved with the addition of NSAIDs to their treatment regimens, permitting reduction in the dose of corticosteroid drugs. These data suggest that NSAID therapy may have an adjunctive role in the treatment of chronic iridocyclitis in childhood.
Direct observation and elucidation of the structures of aged and nonaged phosphorylated cholinesterases by phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy (1993)

31P NMR spectroscopy of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and chymotrypsin (Cht) inhibited by pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman), methylphosphonodifluoridate (MPDF), and diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) allowed direct observation of the OP-linked moiety of aged (nonreactivatable) and nonaged organophosphorus (OP)-ChE conjugates. The 31P NMR chemical shifts of OP-ChE conjugates clearly demonstrated insertion of a P-O- bond into the active site of aged OP-ChE adducts. The OP moiety of nonaged OP-ChEs was shown to be uncharged. The OP-bound pinacolyl moiety of soman-inhibited and aged AChE was detached completely, whereas only partial dealkylation of the pinacolyl group was observed for soman-inhibited BChEs. This suggests that the latter enzyme reacted with the less active stereoisomer(s) of soman. In the case of soman-inhibited Cht, no dealkylation could be experimentally detected for any of the four stereoisomers of OP-Cht adducts. Results are consistent with the contention that the phenomenon of enzyme-catalyzed dealkylation of OP adducts of serine hydrolases strongly depends on the orientation of both the catalytic His and the carboxyl side chain of either Glu or Asp positioned next to the catalytic Ser. The denatured protein of aged OP-ChE or OP-Cht is a convenient leaving group in nucleophilic displacements of tetrahedral OP compounds despite the presence of a P-O- bond. This indicates that the unusual resistance to reactivation of the aged enzyme cannot be ascribed to simple electrostatic repulsion of an approaching nucleophile. The broadening of the 31P NMR signal of native OP-ChEs relative to that of OP-Cht is in agreement with the crystal structure of AChE, showing that the active site region of ChEs in solution resides in a deep, narrow gorge.
Performance of three, six, nine and twelve sector sites in CDMA - based on measurements (2005)

We investigate the performance improvement achieved by increasing the number of sectors on a W-CDMA or cdma2000 site by increasing the number of sectors from today's typical three to six, nine or twelve. The radio propagation environment determines if the narrow beams can be created and kept separated or if they blur together, which in turn determines the sector-to-sector isolation and the soft-handoff populations. The rate of change in signal strength of the beams also determines whether the handover mechanisms are sufficiently fast to allocate the correct beam. We analyze these issues based on simultaneous measurements of two antenna panels placed on the top of a building overlooking a typical European urban environment of mostly six to eight storeys-high buildings. Based on these measurements and simulations we find that a nine-sector site has more than double the capacity of a conventional three-sector site.
Synthesis of Indolequinones from Bromoquinones and Enamines Mediated by Cu(OAc)<sub>2</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O (2010)

A Cu(II)-mediated synthesis of indolequinones from the corresponding bromoquinones and enamines is reported. The key oxidative cyclization proceeds in good yield for a broad range of substrates and can be performed on a multigram scale, allowing access to biologically interesting structures.
Quinacridone-pyridine dicarboxylic acid based donor–acceptor supramolecular nanobelts for significantly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production (2019)

Self-assembled nanobelt photocatalysts with quinacridone containing different alkyl chains as donor and pyridine dicarboxylic acid as acceptor were firstly developed for H<sub>2</sub> evolution. <bold>SQAP-C4</bold> without cocatalyst of Pt exhibited HER of 656 μmol h<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>.
Concurrent engineering: practices and prospects (2003)

Concurrent engineering, a more systematic approach to creating high quality products at lower in significantly less time, has recently been promoted in the automotive, computer and electronics, and aerospace industries as a response to competitive pressures. It also attracted the attention of the Department of Defense and in 1988, the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) was asked to investigate concurrent engineering. The authors describe the investigation, present highlights of the evidence, and set forth the principal findings and recommendations. They include a sample of reported benefits, an outline of the methods and technologies of concurrent engineering, and a conceptual framework to describe the continuing research needed in this area.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation in vivo and in vitro: Expression of focal adhesion components in neonatal and adult rat ventricular myofibroblasts (2010)

In fibrosing hearts, myofibroblasts are associated with cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling. Expression of key genes in the transition of cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast phenotype in post-myocardial infarction heart and in vitro has not been well addressed. Contractile, focal adhesion-associated, receptor proteins, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression, and motility were compared to assess phenotype in adult and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Neonatal and adult fibroblasts undergo phenotypic transition to myofibroblastic cells, marked by increased alpha-smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMemb), extra domain-A (ED-A) fibronectin, paxillin, tensin, FGF-2, and TbetaRII receptor. Elevated ED-A fibronectin confirmed fibroblast to supermature myofibroblastic phenotype transition. Presence of myofibroblasts in vivo was noted in sections of healed infarct scar after myocardial infarction, and their expression is similar to that in culture. Thus, cultured neonatal and adult cardiac fibroblasts transition to myofibroblasts in vitro and share expression profiles of cardiac myofibroblasts in vivo. Reduced motility with in vitro passage reflects enhanced production of focal adhesions.
Neuroprotective role of IL-4 against activated microglia. (1993)

Microglia have been proposed to play a pathogenetic role in immunologically mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In our study, using microglial/neuronal cell cocultures primed with IFN-gamma, we found that both LPS and TNF-alpha triggered neuronal cell injury (impairment of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake and neuronal loss) via a nitric oxide mechanism. Pretreatment of cell cocultures with IL-4, an immunosuppressive cytokine, prevented, in a dose-dependent manner, neuronal cell injury induced by activated microglia. The mechanism by which IL-4 exerts its neuroprotective effect was found to involve the inhibition of IFN-gamma priming of microglia with a subsequent decrease in the production of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide.
Boronic Acids and Derivatives—Probing the Structure–Activity Relationships for Mutagenicity (2015)

Despite a recent publication describing boronic acids as a “novel class of bacterial mutagen,” process and analytical chemists may not be aware of the potential worker exposure hazards, or of the need to assess boron compounds as potential genotoxic impurities (GTIs) per ICH M7. This publication provides new Ames data for 44 commercially available boronic acids, boronic acid derivatives, and boron-containing reagents. Trends in the Ames data are discussed from a structure–activity perspective. Common reagents such as bis(pinacolato)diboron and bis-boronic acid were shown to be mutagenic in the Ames assay. Currently available in silico computational models were found to provide little value in predicting the outcome of the Ames assay for boronic acids and derivatives. We propose oxygen-mediated oxidation of boron compounds to generate organic radicals as a potential mechanism for mutagenicity. It is hoped that this paper will result in increased awareness of this class of GTIs and prompt publication of additional Ames data for boronic acids and their derivatives that will lead to improved (Q)SAR models and an understanding of the mechanism of mutagenicity.
Enhanced Robotic Automated Fiber Placement with Accurate Robot Technology and Modular Fiber Placement Head (2013)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The process of robotic automated fiber placement has been enhanced by combining the technologies of an accurate articulated robotic system with a modular Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) head. The accurate robotic system is comprised of an off-the-shelf 6-axis KUKA Titan KR1000L750 riding on a linear axis with an option for an additional part rotator axis. Each of the robot axes is enhanced with secondary position encoders. The modular fiber placement head features a robotic tool changer which allows quick-change of the process heads and an onboard creel. The quick-change fiber placement head and simplified tow path yields terrific process reliability and flexibility while allowing head preparations to occur offline. The system is controlled by a Siemens 840Dsl CNC which handles all process functions, robot motion, and executes software technologies developed by Electroimpact for superior positional accuracy including enhanced kinematics utilizing a high-order kinematic model. Part programming and simulation are performed offline using CGTech VERICUT Composite Programming and VERICUT Composite Simulation. This combination of technologies results in a system that has high path accuracy and process flexibility at a lower cost than traditional fiber placement machines.</div></div>
OEM Value Chain Collaboration Introducing a New Standard for In-vehicle Display Systems (2010)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">With the rapid deployment of liquid crystal display (LCD) screens in automobiles, car makers are challenged to control costs while providing a useful and stimulating visual experience for drivers and passengers.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Not since the introduction of the car radio has a technology offered so much buyer appeal, but these graphics-based systems come at a high cost both in terms of bill of materials (BOM) and developmental expenditures. Re-use of hardware and software is critical to control costs. But with multiple platforms offering different levels of user experience, automakers face the challenge of cost-effectively leveraging a limited number of designs over multiple models. One solution is to deploy smarter architectures that decouple key pieces of the system, so that some components can be used in multiple instances, while others are unique to one or two platforms.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Fujitsu Semiconductor worked with BMW and Inova Semiconductors to integrate the Automotive Pixel Link (APIX®), a bi-directional serial link, with the Fujitsu graphics display controllers (GDCs). This collaboration has enabled BMW to reduce behind-the-dash space requirements, develop more modular architectures, and save money.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">BMW was involved from the outset to ensure stability in the development process and to make sure that the company's concerns were addressed. Those concerns included the weight associated with the wiring, and interoperability with other bus standards.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">APIX features a primary channel speed of 1 Gbit/s, which will scale to 3 Gb/s soon. APIX is differentiated from other high-speed serial links, such as LVDS, in that it provides a full-duplex, bi-directional back channel to support command and control. This is a critical feature in the deployment of smart display systems.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Graphics display controllers are the core drivers of display systems, and the Fujitsu graphics controllers offer many features including video input, 2D and 3D rendering functions, a flexible layer capability, support for screen resolutions up to XGA (1024x768), and other features in the area of navigation, such as alpha blending and anti-aliasing.</div></div>
Prognostic value of allelic losses and telomerase activity in meningiomas (2004)

On the basis of these data the authors suggest that LOH analysis and a telomerase activity assay could be useful to determine molecular predictors of outcome in patients with meningiomas.
Comparison of Si/Si1−−Ge C and Si/Si1−C heterojunctions grown by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (1998)

The materials and electronic properties of Si/Si1−x−yGexCy and Si/Si1−yCy heterojunctions grown by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition are compared. Substitutional carbon incorporation is readily achieved in Si1−x−yGexCy alloys by the addition of a carbon precursor such as ethylene or methylsilane during growth, using germane and dichlorosilane as the germanium and silicon sources respectively. In contrast, a significant fraction of the carbon is not substitutional in Si1−yCy films grown using dichlorosilane in combination with either carbon source. A highly reactive silicon source, such as silane, enables the growth of high quality Si1−yCy. Good agreement between the substitutional carbon concentration extracted from X-ray diffraction and the total carbon concentration measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry is observed in Si1−yCy alloys grown at 550°C with silane, for carbon contents up to about 1.8 at.%. Si/Si1−x−yGexCy and Si/Si1−yCy metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors show well-behaved electrical characteristics. Analysis of the capacitance-voltage data indicates that the band offsets are primarily in the valence band for Si/Si1−x−yGexCy and the conduction band for Si/Si1−yCy heterojunctions. The conduction band is lowered as carbon is added to Si and the effect is larger than expected from strain alone.