gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PASSIVE TUNEABLE FIBERS AND MATRICES (1992)

Active smart electrorheological fluids in building materials are expensive, need to be widely dispersed, and require large amounts of electricity. These practical considerations led to the consideration of ways of having similar effects in a matrix but using different materials. Tuneable fibers is an inexpensive dispersed passive system, requiring no electricity. The modulus of elasticity of a solid-filled fiber is very different from a liquid- or gas-filled fiber or a hollow fiber. The ability to empty and fill fibers with a material which could change phase in the fiber or in the matrix in response to some stimulus or signal from the environment is promising. In the laboratory we have used filled fibers which empty their contents into the matrix in response to a change in the environment. In this case, in which it is a substitute for ER fluid, a blast, vibration, or shaking motion could release a catalyst, monomer, or adhesive from flexed or uncoated fibers. These could cross-link with a resin or polymerize in the matrix. Passive tuneable fibers could also be used for nonbuilding applications such as radar evasion. The changing modulus profile would be, thus, an advantageous performance parameter.
Elevated Serum Markers of Collagen Degradation in Patients with Mild to Moderate Dilated Cardiomyopathy (2002)

Serum markers of collagen degradation are elevated and might be valuable markers for progression of LV dilation in patients with DCM.
Predictive power management method for network devices (2005)

Energy consumption can be reduced by powering down components within a router, switch, or other network device during inter-packet idle periods. A predictive power management method based on exponential smoothing and detection of very long idle periods is developed. Long idle periods are detected using quantile estimation. The method improves upon that of Hwang and Wu.
A 3rd order ridge waveguide filter with parallel coupled resonators (2004)

A 3/sup rd/ order novel compact E-plane ridge waveguide filter is presented. Miniaturization of 2:1 is achieved upon introducing a configuration of parallel coupled E-plane ridge waveguide resonators. The presented filter allows for a transmission zero at finite frequencies to address sharp cutoff specifications. Furthermore it maintains the fabrication simplicity and mass-producibility of standard E-plane filters. Numerical and experimental results are presented to validate the presented configuration.
An Electrochemical Route for Making Porous Nickel Oxide Electrochemical Capacitors (1997)

Porous nickel oxide films were prepared by electrochemically precipitating nickel hydroxide and heating the hydroxide in air at 300°C. The resulting nickel oxide films behave as an electrochemical capacitor with a specific capacitance of 59 F/g electrode material. These nickel oxide films maintain high utilization at high rates of discharge (i.e., high power density) and have excellent cycle life. Porous cobalt oxide films were also synthesized. Although the specific capacitances of these films are approximately one‐fifth that of the nickel oxide films, the results demonstrate the versatility of fabricating a wide range of porous metal oxide films using this electrochemical route for use in capacitor applications.
Comprehensive multi-platform dynamic program analysis for the Java and Dalvik virtual machines (2014)

Despite its importance for many software engineering tasks, dynamic program analysis is only insufficiently supported on the Java platform [2]. Existing Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) as well as Android's Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) lack dedicated mechanisms for expressing arbitrary dynamic program analysis tasks at a high abstraction level, for ensuring complete code coverage of the analysis, and for isolating analysis tasks from the observed program to prevent interference. For example, the JVM Tool Interface requires analysis tasks to be written in low-level native code, and some virtual machines (e.g., DVM) do not support it. As a consequence, dynamic program analysis tools are often implemented using low-level mechanisms, resulting in error-prone code that is difficult to maintain, and support only a particular virtual machine. Moreover, many analysis tools produce unsound profiles (due to interference of the analysis with the observed program) or incomplete profiles (due to limited code coverage).
In Vitro Mass Propagation of Cucumis sativus L. from Nodal Segments (2005)

An efficient reproducible protocol for the in vitro multiplication of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), an important vegetable crop, was developed from nodal explants. Addition of casein hydrolysate to the shoot induction medium (MS + BA) significantly enhanced the number of multiple shoots or growth of the regenerants. Optimum shoot regeneration was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and (200 mg/l) casein hydrolysate. Rooting of isolated in vitro raised microshoots was readily achieved with (1.0 µM) a-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) in 1/2 MS. The plantlets thus obtained were successfully established in a greenhouse.
DEPLETION ZONE ISOTACHOPHORESIS (dzITP): BEATING THE SIMPLICITY OF ELECTROPHORESIS (2011)

A radically novel approach towards isotachophoresis is presented in which a nanochannel-induced ionic depletion zone replaces a trailing electrolyte. This makes depletion zone isotachophoresis (dzITP) a single-electrolyte focusing and separation technique. Moreover, focusing strength and positions of analyte zones can be precisely controlled by a three-point voltage actuation scheme. Thus, dzITP provides unprecedented versatility and simplicity.
3,3′‐Diindolylmethane attenuates <scp>LPS</scp>‐mediated acute liver failure by regulating <scp>miRNAs</scp> to target <scp>IRAK4</scp> and suppress Toll‐like receptor signalling (2014)

DIM attenuated GalN/LPS-induced ALF by regulating the expression of unique miRNAs that target key molecules in the TLR4 inflammatory pathway. DIM may represent a potential novel hepatoprotective agent.
New Printing Technologies Raise Hopes for Cheap Plastic Electronics (2001)

Inkjets and rubber stamps just might replace expensive photolithography steps in the printing of polymer circuits. If so, we may one day read our newspapers off reloadable, flexible plastic sheets.
Process capability comparison between LELE DPT and spacer for NAND flash 32nm and below (2008)

This work demonstrates a methodology for evaluating the multiple feature error budget of NAND-Flash Gate layer and investigates the process capability of the Double Patterning Technology (DPT) options, LELE and Spacer, for NAND Flash 32nm and below. Since the effective k1 limit for DPT is near 0.14 for dense 1D features, three types of ASML scanners are potential candidates for imaging such devices: XT:1400, XT:1700i and XT:1900i. We will present the results of a simulation evaluation of the DPT process capability of these scanners for NAND-Flash Gate layer with 32nm and 22nm half pitch. The DPT capability involves not only lithography but also the subsequent patterning steps of the selected process flow. Moreover, the pattern sensitivity to scanner parameter variations increases with further scaling. It is therefore crucial to take into account the reasonable budgets of scanner dose, focus and overlay errors as well as the error budgets of film deposition, etch and mask registration. This work will not only evaluate the LELE DPT and Spacer feasibility for the mentioned scanners but also analyze the main contributors of CDU in DPT processes and indicate directions we may follow to improve.
Optimizing Embedded Virtual Machines (2009)

Virtual machines (VMs) play an important role in mainstream computing by enabling interoperability, security, and higher levels of abstraction. Their use in embedded computing systems is deterred primarily by the resource constraints of embedded microcontrollers. In this paper, we show how various optimizations can significantly decrease these overheads, making VMs viable as system software for even low-end (8- or 16-bit) microcontrollers. We identify key performance-oriented design principles and quantify their effects by incorporating them in an existing sensor network virtual machine.
Head motion and eye movement behavior in the basketball free-throw (2010)

Coordination between head and eye movements are critical for many far target aiming tasks. The purpose of this investigation was to determine how head movement influences eye movements, fixations, and accuracy in a free-throw shooting task. Nine participants completed 20 free-throw shots in each of the following 3 shooting styles: self-selected free throw (comfortable movement of the head), fixed head position (reduced movement of the head), and a jump shot (large vertical movement of the head). Head movement in the vertical direction, angle of head elevation, eye fixation frequency and duration were measured. Results indicated an association between shooting style conditions and accuracy (?2 (2) = 18.55, p
103. Trichloromethyl sulphones and related compounds (1956)

W. V. Farrar, J. Chem. Soc., 1956, 508 DOI: 10.1039/JR9560000508
Introduction: The fiber optics revolution (2013)

There has always been a demand for increased capacity of transmission of information, and scientists and engineers continuously pursue technological routes for achieving this goal. The technological advances ever since the invention of the laser in 1960 have indeed revolutionized the area of telecommunication and networking. The availability of the laser, which is a coherent source of light waves, presented communication engineers with a suitable carrier wave capable of carrying enormously large amounts of information compared with radiowaves and microwaves. Although the dream of carrying millions of telephone (audio) or video channels through a single light beam is yet to be realized, the technology is slowly edging toward making this dream a reality.
Lack of Correlation between Neutralizing Antibody Production and Suppression of Coxsackievirus B-3 Replication in Target Organs: Evidence for Involvement of Mononuclear Inflammatory Cells in Host Defense (1979)

CD-1 mice inoculated with coxsackievirus B-3 i.p. developed a generalized infection involving the heart, pancreas, and liver. The disease was nonlethal and viral growth in the target organs was terminated in about a week. Administration of cortisone acetate 30 min to 2 hr before infection markedly enhanced the severity of disesae. Abnormally high titers of virus were found in the target organs between days 3 and 7 with persistence of infectious virus in the heart for at least 2 weeks. In addition the extent of necrosis of myofibers, pancreatic acini, and hepatic parenchyma was increased and a high percentage of the animals died. There was no evidence that the anti-viral antibody response was impaired in steroid-treated mice since concentrations of neutralizing antibody in the circulation were normal. In contrast, immigration of mononuclear inflammatory cells into the hearts of these animals was depressed and when present, foci of inflammation contained some polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The data indicate that inhibition of coxsackieviral growth cannot be attributed to the sole effects of neutralizing antibody and suggest that mononuclear inflammatory cells infiltrating the heart play a role in primary host defense.
Spatial distance dependent Chinese restaurant processes for image segmentation (2011)

The distance dependent Chinese restaurant process (ddCRP) was recently introduced to accommodate random partitions of non-exchangeable data [1]. The dd-CRP clusters data in a biased way: each data point is more likely to be clustered with other data that are near it in an external sense. This paper examines the dd-CRP in a spatial setting with the goal of natural image segmentation. We explore the biases of the spatial ddCRP model and propose a novel hierarchical extension better suited for producing “human-like ” segmentations. We then study the sensitivity of the models to various distance and appearance hyperparameters, and provide the first rigorous comparison of nonparametric Bayesian models in the image segmentation domain. On unsupervised image segmentation, we demonstrate that similar performance to existing nonparametric Bayesian models is possible with substantially simpler models and algorithms. 1
Some Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and Engineers (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTSome Items of Interest to Process R&D Chemists and EngineersTrevor Laird, Stephen A. Hermitage, and Ulf TilstamView Author Information Editor GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY UK Schering AG, Chemical Development, Berlin, GermanyCite this: Org. Proc. Res. Dev. 2002, 6, 4, 338–345Publication Date (Web):June 22, 2002Publication History Published online22 June 2002Published inissue 1 July 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/op025556ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/op025556geditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1193Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (133 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Catalysts,Oxidation,Peptides and proteins,Salts,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Shape-memory alloy mechanical contact devices (1996)

The effect of current cycling on the performance of bolted aluminum-to-aluminum connections employing different mechanical contract devices has been studied. Current-cycling conditions and different initial contact loads (0.7 and 2 kN) have been used. The devices considered were lock-spring, conventional disc-spring (Belleville) and shape-memory alloy disc-spring washers. The results show that the mechanical and electrical integrity of the connections is strongly affected by the joint configuration, which differs according to the mechanical device used. The CuAlMn shape-memory alloy disc-spring washer was found to significantly lower and stabilize the contact resistance in a bolted joint, even when incorrectly installed (low initial contact force). The observed effect is explained in terms of a strong temperature dependence of the shape-memory alloy mechanical properties (spring rate) over a narrow temperature range. The mechanism responsible for this dependence is reversible martensite-austenite phase transformation which enables the shape-memory alloy to act as a sensor and a force actuator. This is of significant practical importance since field experience has shown that very often joint failures are linked to the incorrect installation of the joints.
A Wireless Power Interface for Rechargeable Battery Operated Medical Implants (2007)

This paper describes an integrated analog front-end for wireless powering and recharging of miniature Li-ion batteries used in implantable neural recording microsystems.DC signal extraction from a wireless carrier is accomplished using Schottky barrier contact diodes with lower forward voltage drop for improved efficiency.The battery charger employs a new control loop that relaxes comparator resolution requirements, provides simultaneous operation of constant-current and constant-voltage loops, and eliminates the external current sense resistor from the charging path.The accuracy of the endof-charge detection is primarily determined by the voltage drop across matched resistors and current-sources and the offset voltage of the sense comparator.Experimental results in 0.6μm bulk CMOS technology indicate that ±1.3% (or ±20μA) end-ofcharge accuracy can be obtained under worst-case conditions for a comparator offset voltage of ±5mV.The circuits occupy 1.735mm 2 with a power dissipation of 8.4mW when delivering a load current of 1.5mA at 4.1V (or 6.15mW) for an efficiency of 73%.
Improving the Accuracy of Euler/Boundary-Layer Solvers with Anisotropic Diffusion Methods (2012)

Euler analysis in 3-D can be interactively coupled with 2-D boundary-layer solvers to improve accuracy. Such coupling requires a method to interpolate the boundary layer properties between the 2-D solution strips onto the entire 3-D surface model. An advanced elliptic solver for propagating this boundary layer solution has been developed that exhibits improved accuracy over traditional solvers. The new solver exploits the already available pressure data from the Euler solver and the properties of anisotropic diffusion to better interpolate the boundary-layer data. Results from applying this method on two geometries are presented and compared to both Navier-Stokes solutions and experimental data. The results are also compared to a previously implemented traditional solver in terms of the quality of the solution. Conclusions are drawn as to the accuracy and practical application of the method.
Automated Array Assembly Task In-depth Study of Silicon Wafer Surface Texturizing (1979)

Several aspects of silicon wafer surface texturizing were studied. A low cost cleaning method that utilizes recycled Freon in an ultrasonic vapor degreaser to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from the surface of silicon wafers as received from silicon suppliers was investigated. The use of clean dry air and high throughout wafer batch drying techniques was shown to lower the cost of wafer drying. A two stage texturizing process was examined for suitability in large scale production. Also, an in-depth gettering study with the two stage texturizing process was performed for the enhancement of solar cell efficiency, minimization of current versus voltage curve dispersion, and improvement in process reproducibility. The 10% efficiency improvement goal was exceeded for the near term implementation of flat plate photovoltaic cost reduction.
Synthesis of carbon‐14 labeled 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (1985)

Abstract The potent carcinogen 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (NNK) is present in tobacco and tobacco smoke. [Carbonyl 14 C]NNK (6) was synthesized in 27% overall yield. [Carboxyl‐ 14 C] nicotinic acid ( 1 ) was esterified with benzyl alcohol and the ester 2 was alkylated by 3‐lithio‐N‐methylpyrrolidin‐2‐one ( 3 ). The resulting keto‐lactam 4 was hydrolyzed and decarboxylated by treatment with boiling hydrochloric acid. Nitrosation at pH 4.0 gave [carbonyl‐ 14 C]NNK ( 6 ). Carbonyl reduction of [carbonyl‐ 14 C]NNK with either sodium borohydride or cultured rat liver slices gave [carbinol‐ 14 C] 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl) butan‐1‐ol‐( 7 ).
Environmental and vegetational variation across a snow accumulation area in montane tundra in central Alaska (1982)

Several environmental factors were measured in a transect across a snow accumulation area in order to indicate (1) possible controls of arctic vegetation patterns; (2) water, carbon, and nutrient budgets of different vegetation types; and (3) relationships of Eriophorum vaginatum tussock tundra to other vegetation types. The results indicate that the vegetation zones are largely associated with different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus availability rather than length of the snowfree season, water availability, and soil pH. Nitrogen uptake was highest in the forb‐grass and lower deciduous shrub zones and lowest in the lichen‐heath. Phosphorus uptake was highest in the lower deciduous shrub zone and lowest in the lichen‐heath. On the basis of several floristic and environmental factors tussock tundra has the lowest affinities to the lower deciduous shrub zone.
Water Dissociation in the Presence of Metal Ions (2007)

Mit oder ohne Metall: Kürzlich wurde der Grotthuß-Mechanismus für den Protonentransfer in Wasser detailliert beschrieben. Ein ähnlicher Mechanismus wurde in der Umgebung von Übergangsmetallionen nachgewiesen, der zur Bildung von Zundel- und Eigen-Komplexen führt (siehe Bild).
A revision of Zwicker's loudness model (1996)

Zwicker's loudness model has the following stages: (a) A fixed filter representing transfer through the outer and middle ear; (b) Calculation of an excitation pattern from the physical spectrum; (c) Transformation of the excitation pattern to a specific loudness pattern. The area under the specific loudness pattern is assumed to determine loudness. This paper presents some modifications and extensions to Zwicker's loudness model. Changes are made in: (a) The assumed transfer function for the outer and middle ear; (b) The way that excitation patterns are calculated; (c) The way that specific loudness is related to excitation for sounds in quiet and in noise. The revised model accounts more accurately than Zwicker's model for the way that equal-loudness contours change with level. It also provides a more satisfactory explanation of why the loudness of a sound of fixed intensity remains constant when the sound has a bandwidth less than the critical bandwidth (CB). Finally, the revised model is able to account for the loudness of partially masked sounds without the introduction of correction factors. The revised model has the advantage that the excitation patterns on which it is based are calculated from analytical formulae rather than by reference to charts or tables. This avoids discontinuities in the predicted values of loudness.
Dermatomyositis: ultrastructure of abnormal mitochondria in the skeletal muscle. (1977)

The mitochondrial anomalies observed in the skeletal muscle of a patient with dermatomyositis included paracrystalline inclusions, dense bodies and stacks of lamellae. Virions were not found. These anomalies are similar to those noted in other myopathies.
Classifying malicious activities in Honeynets using entropy and volume‐based thresholds (2012)

ABSTRACT A Honeynet is a network designed by the Honeynet Project organization to gather information on security threats and attacks. Honeynets are being used by numerous institutions to proactively improve network security by identifying malicious and unauthorized activities in production and private networks. A Honeynet captures a substantial amount of network data and logs. The analysis of these datasets to identify malicious activities is a challenging task. The main aim of the work in this paper is to employ an anomaly detection technique to classify different types of malicious activities present in Honeynet. In particular, we use feature‐based and volume‐based schemes for Honeynet data classification. A detailed analysis of various traffic features is carried out, and the most appropriate ones for Honeynet traffic are selected. The classification of malicious activities is achieved by applying entropy‐based distributions and traffic volume distributions. Entropy‐based distributions are used for feature‐based parameters, whereas traffic volume distributions are used for volume‐based parameters. The behavior of various anomalies or malicious activities is classified using the selected features and their respective threshold values. Finally, we propose a mapping between the various anomalies and their associated behavior, which can be further used to identify similar anomalies in other Honeynet data sets. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.