gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Balancing Algorithm Verification through a Simulation Model for Lithium Ion Energy Storage Systems (2010)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">To support the market introduction of lithium ion energy storage systems for HEV and EREV applications, a process and tool was developed to expedite the verification of the lithium-ion cell balancing system across differing usage scenarios and cell imbalance rates. Presented is an overview of the cell imbalance analysis methodology and tool used in the development and verification of General Motors cell balancing systems. The use of this analysis methodology and tool has allowed for a cell balancing system optimization that would not have been possible with the use of actual energy storage systems because of the magnitude of lab or vehicle time required to execute the array of tests necessary to comprehend the large number of factors than can influence balancing.</div></div>
Polymeric Foams (1997)

It is difficult to go through a whole day without coming in contact with something which does not contain a foamed plastic part somewhere within. The most common examples perhaps are the foamed polyurethane seat cushion of the sofa or chair or the car-seat that you sat on this morning, or the polystyrene foam cup in which you had your morning coffee or tea or some other hot drink! Or the foamed polystyrene take-out boxes or trays which are used extensively at restaurants and cafeterias everywhere.
Applications of Evidence‐Based Medicine: Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury Repair in the Dog (2005)

An evidence-based medicine paradigm did not provide sufficient evidence favoring 1 surgical technique for management of canine CCL injury.
Oral Antipyretic Therapy (1972)

A combination of aspirin and acetaminophen was compared to either oral antipyretic agent used alone to reduce fever in children in a controlled clinical study of 60 outpatients and 60 inpatients between the ages of 6 months and 5 years with rectal temperatures greater than 38.9 C (102 F). Temperatures were recorded at one, two, three, four, and six hours after administration of treatment. Results were similar for outpatients and inpatients. The antipyretic combination was generally superior to either drug used alone with average temperature differences reaching statistical significance at many time intervals. Rate and degree of temperature reduction were not greater but were more sustained. Treatment with this combination appears rational in children with high fever when a sustained antipyretic effect is desired. Repeated administration at six-hour intervals lessens the need for more frequent administration of aspirin alone to treat fever.
Collaborative medical informatics research using the Internet and the World Wide Web. (1996)

The InterMed Collaboratory is an interdisciplinary project involving six participating medical institutions. There are two broad mandates for the effort. The first is to further the development, sharing, and demonstration of numerous software and system components, data sets, procedures and tools that will facilitate the collaborations and support the application goals of these projects. The second is to provide a distributed suite of clinical applications, guidelines, and knowledge-bases for clinical, educational, and administrative purposes. To define the interactions among the components, datasets, procedures, and tools that we are producing and sharing, we have identified a model composed of seven tiers, each of which supports the levels above it. In this paper we briefly describe those tiers and the nature of the collaborative process with which we have experimented.
Isolation and functional characterization of the A32 melanoma-associated antigen. (1994)

Cell surface melanoma-associated antigens can mediate cell-cell or cell-substrate adhesion, signal transduction, proteolysis, or immune recognition and play a key role in determining invasive and metastatic competence of the tumor cells. The melanoma-associated antigen, A32, was defined by a murine monoclonal antibody and was immunoprecipitated as a single 113 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein containing sialic acid and HNK-1 carbohydrate moieties. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of A32 antigen on most melanomas and nevi but not on normal epidermal melanocytes. Of the normal tissues tested, only endothelium, smooth muscle, cerebellum, and hair follicles expressed the A32 antigen. Tryptic peptides of the A32 antigen obtained after immunoaffinity chromatography showed sequence identity to MUC18 antigen, a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family. Melanoma cells adhered to affinity-purified A32 antigen immobilized to a solid phase, and the adhesion was blocked by either soluble A32 antigen or monoclonal antibody against the HNK-1 carbohydrate moiety. These findings, together with the observation that A32 antigen is concentrated in cell-cell contact borders, suggest that this antigen is an adhesion molecule with a possible role in tumor invasion and metastasis.
Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes by real-time, two-dimensional echocardiography. A comparison of cineangiographic and radionuclide techniques. (1979)

Five different algorithms for determining left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and volumes from two-dimensional echocardiographic examination (TDE) were compared with standard methods for obtaining EF and volume from x-ray cineangiography (cine) and EF from radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) in 35 patients. Although all methods correlated positively, the degree of correlation varied with the algorithm used. For EF determination, TDE algorithms (especially those using multiple planes of section) were superior to unidimensional algorithms commonly used with M-mode echocardiography. The best algorithm (modified Simpson's rule) correlated well enough with cine EF (r = 0.78; SEE 0.097) and RVG EF (r = 0.75; SEE 0.087) to make clinically useful estimates. TDE volumes also correlated meaningfully with cine end-diastolic and end-systole volumes (r = 084; n = 70) but were associated with a large standard error of the estimate (43 ml) and offered less advantage over unidimensional volume estimates. Quantitative application of TDE appears to be a useful noninvasive method of evaluating LVEF, but is not as useful for estimating LV volumes.
A novel vario-power architecture of motion estimation using a content based subsample algorithm (2004)

Motion estimation is a key element in many video compression systems; it tends to dominate computational, and hence power, requirements. With the increasing demand for portable, power-aware, multimedia devices, an architecture that can be flexible in both power consumption and compression quality is required. To meet the requirement, the paper presents a novel power-aware architecture, called the vario-power architecture, for motion estimation. Based on a semi-systolic array with a content-based subsample algorithm, the architecture dynamically disables some processing elements to reduce the power consumption. By performing edge extraction first, a threshold is then set as the criterion of whether to enable/disable processing elements and thus the switching activities of the system can be reduced. As a result, the architecture may operate dynamically at different power consumption modes, according to the remaining capacity of the battery pack, with little quality degradation.
Three distinct antigen systems on human B cell subpopulations as defined by monoclonal antibodies. (1985)

Three novel antigen systems (L22, L23, and L24) expressed on human B cell subpopulations were identified by using TB1-2C3, TB1-2B3, and TB1-3C1 monoclonal antibodies, respectively. L22 was expressed on a minor subpopulation of B cells in human lymphoid tissues and in the peripheral blood. These B cells associated with L22 were resting small B cells mainly located in the mantle zone of lymphoid follicles, most of which also expressed IgM and IgD on their cell membrane. This antigen was absent from all cultured hemopoietic cell lines including B cell-derived cell lines as well as from all human B cell malignancies, except for B cell-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia. L23 and L24, on the other hand, existed on approximately two-third of B cells in blood and lymphoid tissues. These L23 and L24 antigens were expressed largely on small lymphocytes located in the mantle zone of lymphoid follicles and to a lesser extent on large blastic cells within lymphoid germinal centers. L23 and L24, like L22, seem to disappear from B cells during their differentiation into antibody-secreting cells, because they were not expressed on normal and neo-plastic plasma cells. This is additionally confirmed by the observation that L23 and L24 were expressed little or not at all on pokeweed mitogen-activated and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells, and were absent from some of B cell malignancies that have been thought to correspond to the later stages of B cell development. Although L23, but not L22 and L24, was faintly expressed on mature granulocytes and monocytes, none of L22, L23, or L24 existed on human thymus and T cells. Immunoprecipitation studies showed that L23 and L24 were different molecular species consisting of a single glycoprotein with m.w. of 205,000 and 145,000, respectively. L22 antigen is presently under study.
The Composition of Metals Bound to Class III Metallothionein (Phytochelatin and Its Desglycyl Peptide) Induced by Various Metals in Root Cultures of Rubia tinctorum (1996)

The induction of phytochelatins (PCs) and their desglycyl peptides (both are referred to as class III metallothionein [CIIIMT]) by exposure to various metals (Ag+, As3+, As5+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Ga3+, Hg2+, In3+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Pd2+, Se4+, and Zn2+) and the metal composition in the CIIIMTs were investigated in root cultures of Rubia tinctorum L. All of these metal species induced PCs to various degrees when analyzed by the postcolumn derivatization high-performance liquid chromatography method. The desglycyl peptides of PCs often were also present. However, only Ag, Cd, and Cu were bound to the CIIIMTs that they induced when analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry method. Cu was also bound to the CIIIMTs induced by Ag+, As3+, and Cd2+. After Ag+ exposure, an Fe peak that may be of Fe-CIIIMT was also observed. However, most of the metal species studied were not bound to the CIIIMTs that they induced.
Patient vital signs monitoring using Wireless Body Area Networks (2010)

Today hospitals are equipped with many electronic transmitting devices, which results in electromagnetic interference that may impair wireless transmissions between medical devices. On the other hand, reliable and continuous collection via wireless communications of patient vital signs such as blood pressure and flow, core temperature, ECG, carbon dioxide (CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) concentration is crucial for making real-time triage decisions. Hence, a novel wireless communication solution that seamlessly supports patient mobility and that prioritizes vital signs transmission using Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is developed, implemented in TinyOS, and tested on Shimmer biomedical wireless sensor motes.
Bioactive 5α-Pregnane-Type Steroidal Alkaloids from <i>Sarcococca hookeriana</i> (2008)

The bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of Sarcococca hookeriana with respect to cholinesterase inhibitory properties has yielded two new 5alpha-pregnane-type steroidal alkaloids, hookerianamides J (1) and K (2), along with eight known compounds (3-10). The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. These compounds displayed good to moderate activities in vitro against the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (IC 50 8.1-48.5 microM) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC 50 0.4-4.0 microM). Compounds 1-10 were also tested in vitro for their leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania major and for their antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas pallida.
ChemInform Abstract: State‐of‐the‐Art and Perspectives in Particulate Nanostructured Materials (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thermoelectric heat sink modeling and optimization (1994)

Proper design and optimization of a thermoelectric heat sinks has been neglected somewhat in the design of the thermoelectric cooling systems. TE Technology, Inc. has developed a model over a period of 30 hears. The use and application of this model through optimizing heat sink performance is presented. (AIP)
Synthesis of New Acridone Derivatives, Inhibitors of NS3 Helicase, Which Efficiently and Specifically Inhibit Subgenomic HCV Replication (2010)

A new goup of acridone derivatives, obtained by reaction of acridone-4-carboxylic acid derivatives with aromatic amines, was tested to determine the inhibitory properties toward the NS3 helicase of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Six compounds inhibited the NS3 helicase at low concentrations (IC(50) from 1.5 to 20 microM). The acridone derivatives probably act via intercalation into double-stranded nucleic acids with a strong specificity for double-stranded RNA, although an interaction with the enzyme cannot be excluded. Testing in the subgenomic HCV replicon system revealed that compounds 10 and 13 are efficient RNA replication inhibitors, with EC(50) of 3.5 and 1 microM and therapeutic indexes of >28 and 20, respectively. Compound 16, with EC(50) < 1 microM and TI > 1000, is extremely specific and practically noncytotoxic at the concentrations tested, proving that the acridone derivatives may be regarded as potential antiviral agents. Although the mechanism of action of 16 in the replicon system remains unclear, it is the key lead compound for further development of anti-HCV drugs.
CatBoost: gradient boosting with categorical features support (2018)

In this paper we present CatBoost, a new open-sourced gradient boosting library that successfully handles categorical features and outperforms existing publicly available implementations of gradient boosting in terms of quality on a set of popular publicly available datasets. The library has a GPU implementation of learning algorithm and a CPU implementation of scoring algorithm, which are significantly faster than other gradient boosting libraries on ensembles of similar sizes.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of (1-Ethoxy-1-alken-2-yl)boranes With<i>ortho</i>-Functionalized Iodoarenes. A Novel and Convenient Synthesis of Benzo-Fused Heteroaromatic Compounds (1987)

ortho-Functionalized styryl ethers are obtained in high yields by palladium-catalyzed cross coupling between (1-ethoxy-1-alken-2-yl)boranes and aryl halides. These styryl ethers are converted to benzo-fused heteroaromatic compounds by cyclodehydration.
Humans versus machines: the case of conversational speech recognition (2017)

Recent work at Microsoft and IBM has pushed the accuracy of automatic speech recognition systems on conversational speech to a level that is on par with humans, when measured on historical government evaluation data sets. I will review the history of this task and then review a recent experiment at Microsoft to benchmark state-of-the-art recognition technology against human transcription performance. The second half of the talk will look at the question of how human and machine transcription accuracy differ quantitatively and qualitatively.
Biological effect of OK-432 (picibanil) and possible application to dendritic cell therapy. (2004)

OK-432 (Picibanil), a streptococcal preparation with potent biological response modifying activities, was approved in Japan as an anticancer agent in 1975. In the ensuing 30 years, since then, a significant amount of data, including clinical as well as experimental studies, has been accumulated. OK-432 has been reported to induce various cytokines, activate immunological cells and thus augment anticancer immunity. Recently, the interrelation between innate immunity and adaptive immunity has become clear and it was reported that OK-432 acts, at least in part, via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-MD2 signaling pathway. In addition, dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to play a pivotal role in immunological response and it is reported that OK-432 induced maturation of DCs both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that OK-432 is a useful adjuvant in DC-based anticancer immunotherapy. Clinical studies of DC therapy with OK-432 are under way.
The Importance of Visual Attention in Improving the 3D-TV Viewing Experience: Overview and New Perspectives (2011)

Three-dimensional video content has attracted much attention in both the cinema and television industries, because 3D is considered to be the next key feature that can significantly enhance the visual experience of viewers. However, one of the major challenges is the difficulty in providing high quality images that are comfortable to view and that also meet signal transmission requirements over a limited bandwidth for display on television screens. The different processing steps that are necessary in a 3D-TV delivery chain can all introduce artifacts that may create problems in terms of human visual perception. In this paper, we highlight the importance of considering 3D visual attention when addressing 3D human factors issues. We provide a review of the field of 3D visual attention, discuss the challenges in both the understanding and modeling of 3D visual attention, and provide guidance to researchers in this field. Finally, we identify perceptual issues generated during the various steps in a typical 3D-TV broadcasting delivery chain, review them and explain how consideration of 3D visual attention modeling can help improve the overall 3D viewing experience.
Thermooptically induced bias drift in fiber optical Sagnac interferometers (1996)

In a fiber optical Sagnac interferometer bias drift arises if the coil experiences varying environmental conditions. We develop a formalism that describes error generation through dynamically changing inhomogeneities in the fiber, taking into account specific winding geometries. As possible sources we assume thermal waves propagating radially through the coil. We verify the basic relations by comparing to results from a heating experiment on a conventional, so-called cylinder coil. We theoretically explore the performance obtained from coiling schemes with improved characteristics. The quadrupolar scheme constitutes the best solution considering rate and angular error, however, it exhibits a pronounced unsymmetry with respect to the propagation direction of the disturbance. We show that, for a given coiling scheme, the asymptotic angular error depends only on the steady state temperature profile, being independent of the preceding transitional behavior. For the quadrupole arrangement with given fiber length and coil diameter it is uniquely determined by the amount of power traversing the coil cross-sectional area, and is independent of the number of layers. Our theory has been developed to characterize coiling schemes in their dynamical-rather than only asymptotic-behavior. It can thus be extended to cover other dynamical sources of error, e.g. vibrational or acoustical.
Signaling networks of Rho GTPases in cell motility (2013)

The last decades have witnessed an exponential increase in our knowledge of Rho GTPase signaling network which further highlighted the cross talk between these proteins and the complexity of their signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the upstream and downstream players from Rho GTPases that are mainly involved in actin polymerization leading to cell motility and potentially playing a role in cancer cell metastasis.
Manipulating Screen Space with {\em StretchTools}: Visualizing Large Structures on Small Screens (1992)

StretchTools is a set of tools for manipulating the screen space. The user interface uses the metaphor of stretching a rubber sheet. The basic tool in StretchTools is the handle, which is an one-dimensional rigid object of a fixed orientation, either horizontal or vertical. As a handle is placed on the screen, engaged, and pulled, the screen expands on one side of the handle and contracts on the other side. Graphical objects on the screen transform accordingly. The other type of basic tool is the clamp. Clamps are used to impose constraints on the movement of handles by joining handles with one another. In this paper, we show how StretchTools can be used to visualize large structures on small screens by selectively enlarging single or multiple regions of the screen at a time. Transformations achieved by StretchTools have a number of properties that alleviate the problem of user-disorientation due to the introduced distortion.
Salvinia control manual : management and control options for salvinia (Salvinia molesta) in Australia (2006)

Salvinia is one of the world’s worst aquatic weeds. Since its introduction to Australia in the 1950s salvinia has spread to many waterways on the east coast and in the Northern Territory. The potential for salvinia to invade waterways in all States and Territories in Australia is of great concern. This manual is a platform for designing site-specific management strategies for salvinia. It brings together best practice information about existing control and management options and contains detailed information about the plant itself. - Foreword
Estimation of the number of tuples satisfying a query expressed in predicate calculus language (1980)

We present a statistic model which allows us to estimate the cardinality of queries and sub-queries expressed in Predicate Calculus language. In a first step, we deal with expressions formed only with an AND operator with n operands. We show how we can estimate recursively the cardinality of an expression with n operands in function of an expression of n-1 operands. The formulae giving the cardinalities are calculated under several hypotheses concerning the independence of criteria which determine sub-expressions, and those which define the relations. The parameters which must be known are : the cardinalities of the relations and of their projections on each argument; the probability for an element in the intersection of several projections of relations to be in a given projection of a relation (these parameters are called inter-relation quantified dependencies); the probability that several components of a tuple of a relation are equal; and the probability that the constants which appear in a query belong to the corresponding projections of the relations. In a second step, we extend the method to general expressions including the operators NOT and OR. Finally, we discuss the feasibility of the method.
Planning pre-grasp manipulation for transport tasks (2010)

Studies of human manipulation strategies suggest that pre-grasp object manipulation, such as rotation or sliding of the object to be grasped, can improve task performance by increasing both the task success rate and the quality of load-supporting postures. In previous demonstrations, pre-grasp object rotation by a robot manipulator was limited to manually-programmed actions. We present a method for automating the planning of pre-grasp rotation for object transport tasks. Our technique optimizes the grasp acquisition point by selecting a target object pose that can be grasped by high-payload manipulator configurations. Careful selection of the transition states leads to successful transport plans for tasks that are otherwise infeasible. In addition, optimization of the grasp acquisition posture also indirectly improves the transport plan quality, as measured by the safety margin of the manipulator payload limits.