gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A phase 3, randomized, 3-arm study of temsirolimus (TEMSR) or interferon-alpha (IFN) or the combination of TEMSR + IFN in the treatment of first-line, poor-risk patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (adv RCC) (2006)

LBA4 Background: Temsirolimus (TEMSR, CCI-779) is a specific inhibitor of mTOR, a signaling protein that regulates cell growth and angiogenesis. In a single-agent, phase 2 study, TEMSR administration to heavily pretreated patients (pts, n = 111) with adv RCC resulted in a median overall survival (OS) of 15.0 mos (Atkins et al, J Clin Oncol 2004). Retrospectively, 49 pts were categorized in a poor-risk group (Motzer et al, J Clin Oncol 2002). The TEMSR-treated pts in this group had a 1.7-fold longer median OS than the first-line, IFN-treated, poor-risk group reported by Motzer et al. In a phase 1 study, the maximum tolerated dose of the combination of TEMSR + IFN in adv RCC pts was TEMSR 15 mg intravenously (IV) once/wk + IFN 6 million units (MU) subcutaneously (SC) 3 times weekly (TIW) (Smith et al, Proc ASCO 2004). Thus, this phase 3 study in first-line, poor-risk adv RCC pts was initiated in July 2003. Methods: Pts with adv RCC and no prior systemic therapy were enrolled in this open-label study if they had ≥3 of 6 risk factors (the 5 Motzer criteria and >1 metastatic disease site). Pts were randomized (1:1:1) to arm 1, IFN up to 18 MU SC TIW; arm 2, TEMSR 25 mg IV once/wk; or arm 3, TEMSR 15 mg IV once/wk + IFN 6 MU SC TIW. The primary study endpoint was OS; the study was powered to compare the TEMSR arms with the IFN arm. Results: We report 20 Mar 2006 preliminary data from an interim analysis performed by the IDMC. Of the 626 pts enrolled, 442 deaths occurred. Patients treated with TEMSR had a statistically longer survival than those treated with IFN (Table). OS of patients treated with IFN and TEMSR + IFN were not statistically different. The 3 most frequently occurring adverse events ≥gr 3 were asthenia (arm 1: arm 2: arm 3, 27%: 12%: 30% pts), anemia (24%: 21%: 39% pts), and dyspnea (8%: 9%: 11% pts). Conclusions: Single-agent TEMSR significantly increases the OS of first-line, poor-risk adv RCC pts compared with IFN, with an acceptable safety profile. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Web and Social Media Image Forensics for News Professionals (2021)

User-generated content -commonly referred to as "eyewitness media"- has become an essential component in journalism and news reporting. Increasingly more news providers, such as news agencies, broadcasters and Web-only players have set up teams of dedicated investigators or are in the process of training parts of their journalistic workforce to gather and evaluate material from social networks and the Web. If verified, such content can be invaluable in delivering a news story. However, while source checking and verification is as old as journalism itself, the verification of digital material is a relatively young field, with protocols and assisting tools still being developed. In this work, we present our efforts towards a Web-based image verification platform. The platform, currently in its alpha stage, features image tampering detection using a number of state-of-the-art algorithms and image metadata visualization. We discuss the current strengths and limitations of the platform and the implemented state-of-the-art with respect to the specific requirements of the task, resulting from its Web-based nature and its intended use by news investigators with limited expertise in the domain of image forensics.
Applicability of Nacelle Anemometer Measurements for Use in Turbine Power Performance Tests: Preprint (2002)

Collection of accurate wind speed data is one of the more problematic elements in conducting wind turbine power performance tests. IEC 61400-12 specifies meteorological tower placement between two and four rotor diameters upwind of the test turbine. However, use of an upwind meteorological tower can be difficult at some sites. In some cases, complex terrain near the turbine may make placement of an upwind tower impossible. In addition, purchase and erection of a meteorological tower can be expensive, particularly as the hub height of large turbines increases. Because of these concerns, wind farm owners and turbine manufacturers have expressed interest in the use of turbine nacelle-mounted anemometers for collection of wind speed data. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Wind Turbine Verification Program (TVP) has performed data collection and power performance tests at wind energy facilities located in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the data gathered from the Big Spring, Texas; Algona, Iowa; and Springview, Nebraska, facilities to determine whether a meaningful relationship can be derived between meteorological-tower and nacelle-anemometer wind speed measurements for Vestas V47 and V66 turbines (Big Spring) and Enron Z-50 turbines (Algona and Springview).
Field assessment of plant derivative compounds for managing fungal soybean diseases (2000)

Natural plant-derived compounds are currently being explored as alternatives for pest control in sustainable agriculture. This study explored the use of two compounds, sesamol and carbenoxolone, in the management of the fungal soybean disease charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina). Previous studies have determined that sesamol and carbenoxolone compounds significantly inhibited fungal pathogen growth and plant disease in vitro. In order to assess the field efficacy of these compounds for fungal disease control, 2 years of field testing of these compounds have been conducted in southeast Kansas. Field treatments of the compounds sesamol and carbenoxolone at three concentrations, 0,500 and 1000 μg/ml, were applied foliarly at four distinct plant developmental stages. Treatments were applied to plots in random triplicate array and the experiment was repeated during the 1998 and 1999 growing seasons. Disease assessments were based on visual disease ratings, plant mortality and soybean yield analysis. Data were recorded weekly for each treatment plot and statistically analysed using analysis of variance. Results indicate that sesamol and carbenoxolone treatments significantly decreased disease symptoms (11–12%) and plant mortality (24–28%) while significantly increasing soybean yields (18–38%). These results support that plant-derived compounds can have a significant impact on soybean disease management and yield under field conditions.
Authentication and authorization: Domain specific Role Based Access Control using Ontology (2013)

Access control technologies are being used today in various organizations for assuring the secure and authorized access to the sensitive data or resources. Many technologies have emerged from the past like Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and Mandatory Access Control (MAC). But these technologies had restrictions associated with them to be used for all organizations in commercial arena. The Role Based Access Control (RBAC) has emerged some years back and has become the most widely used technology across organizations for controlling the access. The administration and management of privileges becomes easy as roles can be updated without updating the privileges for every user on an individual basis. In this paper we are implementing Role Based access Control (RBAC) for University domain using Ontology. Roles are implemented in the form of classes having permissions associated with them, in turn making the process of administration and management of access control easy. Two step accesses are provided, first is Authentication and second is Authorization.
“A Historical Analysis and Appraisal of Bishop Lancelot Andrewes' Ecclesiology with Particular Reference to Predication and Priestly Office,” (1955)

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A necessary and sufficient condition for the nirenberg problem (1995)

Abstract We seek metrics conformal to the standard ones on S n having prescribed Gaussian curvature in case n = 2 (the Nirenberg Problem), or prescribed scalar curvature for n ≧ 3 (the Kazdan‐Warner problem). There are well‐known Kazdan‐Warner and Bourguignon‐Ezin necessary conditions for a function R(x) to be the scalar curvature of some conformally related metric. Are those necessary conditions also sufficient? This problem has been open for many years. In a previous paper, we answered the question negatively by providing a family of counter examples. In this paper, we obtain much stronger results. We show that, in all dimensions, if R(x) is rotationally symmetric and monotone in the region where it is positive, then the problem has no solution at all. It follows that, on S 2 , for a non‐degenerate, rotationally symmetric function R (θ), a necessary and sufficient condition for the problem to have a solution is that R θ changes signs in the region where it is positive. This condition, however, is still not sufficient to guarantee the existence of a rotationally symmetric solution, as will be shown in this paper. We also consider similar necessary conditions for non‐symmetric functions. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
POST GROUTING DRILLED SHAFT TIPS. PHASE I (2001)

This report presents results from a two-year experimental study to evaluate the effects of post-grouting drilled shaft tips in and on the bearing capacity. Both model scale and full-scale tests were conducted on drilled shafts whose tip had been grouted using various grouting systems (flat jack, sleeve port (tube-a-manchette), and sleeve port systems with and without a backing plate). In the model tests, 24 shaft specimens were cast and tested in a Frustum Confining Vessel. This vessel provided the means to simulate soil pressure distributions similar to those expected in the field. Comparisons were made between shafts cast without post grouting (controls) and those grouted using a flat jack type grouting cell. Improvement was found to be somewhat proportional to grout take, but more closely proportionally to the maximum sustained grouting pressure. In the full-scale tests, a total of 12 Statnamic load tests were conducted on shafts constructed in three cohesionless soil types. At Sites 1 and 2, 24-in. diameter shafts were cast in shelly sand or silty sand. At Site 3, 48-in. diameter shafts were cast in sandy cemented coquina. Eight of the load tests were conducted on grouted shafts and four on ungrouted controls. The findings of these tests were similar to those found in the model scale tests in that the improvement was mostly closely proportional to maximum sustained grouting pressure. Based on the test results, design recommendations for the use of post grouted shafts have been prepared that use a grout pressure index (max sustained grout pressure/calculated bearing capacity) and the acceptable service limit displacement as expressed in percent shaft diameter. Construction, grout mix, and grouting guidelines have also been prepared using literature values as well as those found to be successful in this study.
Reporter gene technology to assess activity of antimycobacterial agents in macrophages (1996)

Reporter strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG endogenously expressing firefly luciferase were used in bioluminescence assays to evaluate the activities of isoniazid and rifampin against mycobacteria sequestered in human macrophages. This methodology allowed the efficacy of antibiotics against intracellular mycobacteria to be assessed without the labor-intensive procedures and protracted incubation requirements associated with conventional CFU determinations.
Reviving the maximum likelihood method for detecting dominant periodicities from near-periodic signals (2013)

Many naturally occurring signals exhibit near, rather than perfect, periodicity, as a result of variation in cycle length (CL). The accuracy of methods to detect near-periodic signals is typically not evaluated against known CL variations which may compromise their performance. The maximum likelihood method (ML) proposed by Noll to evaluate periodicity involves block averaging which, with smoothing may make it robust to CL variations. In this paper, we revive the ML method and present it as a robust candidate for detecting near-periodicity. We propose to compare the performance of ML to conventional periodicity detection methods by testing against synthetic periodic data with varying CL and noise. Our results indicate that the ML method is significantly more accurate than conventional methods. We also demonstrate a substantial influence of periodic CL fluctuations on the accuracy of all methods.
System‐level Time‐stationary Control Synthesis forPipelined Data Paths (1997)

We address the prblem of time‐stationary control synthesis for pipelined data paths. Control synthesis system accepts scheduled control data flow graph with conditional branches which are produced by high level synthesis tools such as Sehwa [1] as input specification and generates a FSM controller. First a scheduled control/data flow graph is analyzed and the various states are identified. Overlapped states are grouped together to produce L groups where L is the pipeline latency. Next, state transitions are identified and a state table is generated. Finally, a highly optimized FSM controller is implemented by performing horizontal partitioning and the corresponding stae encoding so as to minimize the total controller area. We compared our approach to published work on FSM generation and optimization and the results indicate that our method results in large savings in total controller area.
Detecting Duplicate Bug Report Using Character N-Gram-Based Features (2010)

We present an approach to identify duplicate bug reports expressed in free-form text. Duplicate reports needs to be identified to avoid a situation where duplicate reports get assigned to multiple developers. Also, duplicate reports can contain complementary information which can be useful for bug fixing. Automatic identification of duplicate reports (from thousands of existing reports in a bug repository) can increase the productivity of a Triager by reducing the amount of time a Triager spends in searching for duplicate bug reports of any incoming report. The proposed method uses character N-gram-based model for the task of duplicate bug report detection. Previous approaches are word-based whereas this study investigates the usefulness of low-level features based on characters which have certain inherent advantages (such as natural-language independence, robustness towards noisy data and effective handling of domain specific term variations) over word-based features for the problem of duplicate bug report detection. The proposed solution is evaluated on a publicly-available dataset consisting of more than 200 thousand bug reports from the open-source Eclipse project. The dataset consists of ground-truth (pre-annotated dataset having bug reports tagged as duplicate by the Triager). Empirical results and evaluation metrics quantifying retrieval performance indicate that the approach is effective.
[Severe herpes simplex encephalitis: course 15 years following decompressive craniotomy]. (1992)

Decompressive craniotomy with brain biopsy was carried out in two patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE). In both cases the indication for surgery was based on the clinical picture of coma with rapidly progressive hemiparesis and on the computer tomographic finding of a large space-occupying lesion of in the temporal lobe accompanied by brain stem compression not controllable by medication. Both patients were treated with a standard dosage of vidarabine (Ara-A 15 mg/kg/24 h) and corticosteroids after the operation. The improvement attained by surgery was very impressive in both cases. The massive neurological deficits (which also included subtotal aphasia in one case) regressed to a minimum in the following weeks. Both patients were followed up at yearly intervals for 15 years. They are now 36 and 76 years of age, both in a very satisfactory condition. Our observations show that decompressive craniotomy with duraplasty may be the crucial therapeutic measure in HSE with brainstem compression not controllable by medication.
Comparison of performance of 3–5- and 8–12-μm infrared systems (1989)

On the basis of a modified version of the LOWTRAN 6 model, an absolute comparison is made of typical and background-limited IR sensors operating in the 3-5-microm and 8-12-microm wavebands in a tropical maritime environment. Allowance is made for slant paths and a variety of targets and backgrounds including hot targets and backgrounds spectrally different from the targets. It is found that with current detector technology the 8-12-microm waveband is superior for all except very hot targets at long ranges. The validity of various approximations is also investigated, and in particular it is found that the blackbody composite background approximation should not be used for slant paths.
<title>Nonreference Optical Inspection Of Complex And Repetitive Patterns</title> (1981)

A system designed for non-reference real time optical inspection and analysis of complex or repetitive patterns is described. The primary application of the system has been the inspection of etched and plated patterns. For printed wiring board (PWB) inspection, the system can inspect a 20 x 24 inch board in approximately four minutes, utilizing one mil ( .001 inch) imaging. resolution. Imaging resolution of 0.5 mil (.0005 inch) can be achieved. The system employs a. non-reference inspection technique in that it does not compare the article under test to an article known to be good. Rather, the acceptability criteria are based on design rules and material parameters. Video rate image analysis is attained by initial encoding of the video data, and utilization of analysis packages which operate directly on the encoded data. System implementation lends itself to easy modification for diverse patterns and testing criteria. This paper will discuss all aspects of the system including the linear CCD array based sensor and scanner assembly, hardware and firmware encoding of the video data, and the defect detection technique. Application examples are presented, including insection of inner layers of multi-layer PWB's, inspection of plated repetitive structures, and optical character recognition (OCR)
Irreversible Photobleaching of Bacteriorhodopsin in a High-Temperature Intermediate State (2002)

The photo-intermediate state of bacteriorhodopsin is a metastable state that spontaneously transforms to the ground state over the energy barrier of a local minimum. As the recovery of the photocycle to the ground state and irreversible photobleaching to the denatured state may occur from the same local energy minimum, depending on the temperature, the structural stability of bacteriorhodopsin under illumination at high temperature was measured in order to study the intra- and inter-molecular interactions that contribute to the recovery of the ground state. Visible CD spectra of bacteriorhodopsin began to change at 60 degrees C from a bilobed to positive type in accordance with an appearance of an absorption peak at 470 nm. Irreversible photobleaching, the light-induced denaturation, also started to occur at 60 degrees C, suggesting some correlation between irreversible photobleaching and the structural change to the high-temperature intermediate state. However, bacteriorhodopsin in the dark was stable up to 70 degrees C, suggesting that there is some additional factor that lends structural stability to bacteriorhodopsin in the dark. The contribution of protein-protein interactions to stability is discussed on the basis of the difference in the denaturation behaviors between light and dark conditions.
Implications of Web Mercator and Its Use in Online Mapping (2014)

Online interactive maps have become a popular means of communicating with spatial data. In most online mapping systems, Web Mercator has become the dominant projection. While the Mercator projection has a long history of discussion about its inappropriateness for general-purpose mapping, particularly at the global scale, and seems to have been virtually phased out for general-purpose global-scale print maps, it has seen a resurgence in popularity in Web Mercator form. This article theorizes on how Web Mercator came to be widely used for online maps and what this might mean in terms of data display, technical aspects of map generation and distribution, design, and cognition of spatial patterns. The authors emphasize details of where the projection excels and where it does not, as well as some of its advantages and disadvantages for cartographic communication, and conclude with some research directions that may help to develop better solutions to the problem of projections for general-purpose, multi-scale Web mapping.
Variants of uncertain significance in BRCA: a harbinger of ethical and policy issues to come? (2014)

After two decades of genetic testing and research, the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are two of the most well-characterized genes in the human genome. As a result, variants of uncertain significance (VUS; also called variants of unknown significance) are reported less frequently than for genes that have been less thoroughly studied. However, VUS continue to be uncovered, even for BRCA1/2. The increasing use of multi-gene panels and whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing will lead to higher rates of VUS detection because more genes are being tested, and most genomic loci have been far less intensively characterized than BRCA1/2. In this article, we draw attention to ethical and policy-related issues that will emerge. Experience garnered from BRCA1/2 testing is a useful introduction to the challenges of detecting VUS in other genetic testing contexts, while features unique to BRCA1/2 suggest key differences between the BRCA experience and the current challenges of multi-gene panels in clinical care. We propose lines of research and policy development, emphasizing the importance of pooling data into a centralized open-access database for the storage of gene variants to improve VUS interpretation. In addition, establishing ethical norms and regulated practices for sharing and curating data, analytical algorithms, interpretive frameworks and patient re-contact are important policy areas.
Electrical derivative characteristics of InGaAsP buried heterostructure lasers (1982)

Results of a study of the electrical derivative characteristics of InGaAsP buried heterostructure lasers are presented. By considering current-leakage paths and electrical contact nonlinearities, an equivalent circuit model appropriate to the buried heterostructure laser has been developed. Solutions for the theoretical electrical derivatives of series-parallel-reducible networks have been obtained and applied to the equivalent circuit model of the buried heterostructure laser. Comparison of experimentally measured and calculated electrical derivative characteristics provides both qualitative and quantitative information concerning the distribution of current and voltage in buried heterostructure lasers. By combining the techniques of electrical-derivative measurement and equivalent-circuit modelling, an improved understanding of the properties of buried heterostructure lasers has been established.
On the Use of Martingales in Monte Carlo approaches to multiperiod Parameter Uncertainty in Capital Investment Risk Analysis (1998)

ABSTRACT A popular risk analysis technique used for capital investment projects is Monte Carlo simulation of net present value (NPV). Typically, the analyst makes an assumption about probability distributions for parameters in each period over the life of the project and then uses these distributions to generate the probability that NPV is positive. We argued that the conventional approaches to multiperiod uncertainty may be unrealistic for some parameters. Our solution modeled the evolution of a parameter as a Martingale with a shrinking error variance.