gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RFID-enabled real-time manufacturing for automotive part and accessory suppliers (2010)

Automotive part and accessory manufacturers (APAMs) at the lower tiers of the automotive vertical have been following leading vehicle assemblers in adopting RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and ubiquitous computing technologies, aiming to alleviate their advanced manufacturing systems. RFID-enabled real-time traceability and visibility facilitate the implementation of advanced strategies such as Just In-Time (JIT) lean / responsive manufacturing and mass customization (MC). Being typically small and medium sized, however, APAMs are faced up with business and technical challenges which are summarized by the so-called “three high problems”. They are high cost, high risk and high level of requirement for technical skills. Based on a series of industrial field studies, this paper establishes an innovative service-oriented business model for overcoming the “three high Problems” based on the concept of Product Service Systems (PSS) and RFID gateway technology.
GaN-on-silicon devices and technologies for RF and microwave applications (2016)

This paper presents our recent studies on GaN-on-Si devices and technologies for RF and microwave applications. The considerations of layer structure and fabrication technology are reviewed including two different GaN-based heterostructures and optimization of ohmic and Schottky contacts. Also, the proposed novel approaches for achieving high speed GaN-on-Si HEMTs are addressed such as the hybrid-drain structure and silicon substrate removal technology. Finally, the small-signal equivalent circuit model is employed to analyze the parasitic effects of silicon substrate for the device at high frequencies.
Centralized Control for Optimizing Microgrids Operation (2008)

Microgrids are low-voltage (LV) distribution networks comprising various distributed generators (DGs), storage devices, and controllable loads that can operate either interconnected or isolated from the main distribution grid as a controlled entity. This paper describes the operation of a central controller for microgrids. The controller aims to optimize the operation of the microgrid during interconnected operation, i.e., maximize its value by optimizing the production of the local DGs and power exchanges with the main distribution grid. Two market policies are assumed including demand-side bidding options for controllable loads. The developed optimization algorithms are applied on a typical LV study case network operating under various market policies and assuming realistic spot market prices and DG bids reflecting realistic operational costs. The effects on the microgrid and the distribution network operation are presented and discussed.
Prognostic factors affecting survival of 507 horses with joint disease: (1983 to 1990). (1999)

Between July 1, 1983 and December 31, 1990, risk factors were determined for all horses with joint disease presented to a referral center, of being discharged, of ever becoming sound, or of being alive at 3 mo follow-up. Logistic multiple-regression models were done separately for foals (< or = 4 mo), yearlings (> 4-24 mo) and racing or nonracing adult horses (> 24 mo). The breakdown in this study was 53 foals, 87 yearlings, 141 nonracing adults, and 226 racing adults. Thirty-one foals (58%), 68 yearlings (78%), 119 non-racing adults (84%), and 213 racing adults (94%) were discharged. Foals with a less severe lameness, duration of illness of > 1 d, and infectious arthritis had increased odds of discharge. At follow-up, 12 of 18 (67%) were alive, 10 (56%) of which were sound. Yearlings with osteochondrosis had higher odds of discharge; at follow-up, 38 of 49 (78%) were alive, 32 (65%) of which were sound. For non-racing adults, horses with less severe lameness, without a miscellaneous diagnosis, or intended for pleasure use had increased odds of discharge. At follow-up, 55 of 78 (70%) were alive and 33 of 58 (57%) with soundness data became sound. Risk factors for higher odds of being alive at follow-up were carpal lameness, arthroscopic surgery, a prognosis other than poor, became sound, above-median hospitalization costs, and duration of follow-up. The 161 racing adults (76% of discharges), with follow-up, were more likely to have had osteoarthritis, higher hospital costs, hospitalization > 1 d, and arthroscopy. Sixty-four (60%) of these became sound; the odds increased if the horse was not severely lame at admission or was hospitalized for > 1 d. Risk factors and prognosis differed by age-use group among horses seen at our hospital.
Where Do Emerging Pathogens Come from? (2006)

Infectious diseases continue to impose a huge global public health burden, accounting for more than one-quarter of all deaths annually and a similar fraction of morbidity. In addition to long-established infections such as malaria, tuberculosis, and measles, we are also seeing the frequent emergence of new infectious diseases: HIV/ AIDS was unknown 25 years ago and is now one of the biggest killers; the virus responsible for severe acquired respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused a minor public health problem but still had severe economic repercussions for affected countries; and there is considerable concern about the possible emergence of a new subtype of influenza A, with potentially devastating, global consequences.
Vertical gradients in regional lung density and perfusion in the supine human lung: the Slinky effect (2007)

In vivo radioactive tracer and microsphere studies have differing conclusions as to the magnitude of the gravitational effect on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow. We hypothesized that some of the apparent vertical perfusion gradient in vivo is due to compression of dependent lung increasing local lung density and therefore perfusion/volume. To test this, six normal subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling during breath holding at functional residual capacity, and perfusion quantified in nonoverlapping 15 mm sagittal slices covering most of the right lung. Lung proton density was measured in the same slices using a short echo 2D-Fast Low-Angle SHot (FLASH) sequence. Mean perfusion was 1.7 +/- 0.6 ml x min(-1) x cm(-3) and was related to vertical height above the dependent lung (slope = -3%/cm, P < 0.0001). Lung density averaged 0.34 +/- 0.08 g/cm3 and was also related to vertical height (slope = -4.9%/cm, P < 0.0001). By contrast, when perfusion was normalized for regional lung density, the slope of the height-perfusion relationship was not significantly different from zero (P = 0.2). This suggests that in vivo variations in regional lung density affect the interpretation of vertical gradients in pulmonary blood flow and is consistent with a simple conceptual model: the lung behaves like a Slinky (Slinky is a registered trademark of Poof-Slinky Incorporated), a deformable spring distorting under its own weight. The greater density of lung tissue in the dependent regions of the lung is analogous to a greater number of coils in the dependent portion of the vertically oriented spring. This implies that measurements of perfusion in vivo will be influenced by density distributions and will differ from excised lungs where density gradients are reduced by processing.
ANTIOXIDATIVE MAILLARD REACTION PRODUCTS III. APPLICATION IN COOKIES (1980)

The effect of Maillard reaction products (MRP) on the storage stability of two variations of a basic type of cookie (containing lard and vegetable fat, respectively) was studied. The following additions were made to the dough of the cookies: (A) histidine and glucose, (B) MRP from histidine and glucose, and (C) BHA/BHT1. Cookies without additions were baked as well and used as a control. All cookies were stored at 30° C. During the storage period samples were withdrawn for sensory evaluation and for gas chromatographic analysis of volatile compounds. In the cookies containing lard, which were the least stable of the two types of basic cookie, the development of rancid flavor as well as the formation of n-hexanal was effectively retarded by the addition of histidine and glucose. Similar results were indicated in the experiment with cookies containing vegetable fat, although the effect was less pronounced owing to the higher stability of these cookies. The antioxidative effect is claimed to arise from MRP formed during the baking.
Diethylammonium Molybdates and Tungstates (1976)

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras-600036 <em>Manuscript received 2 June 1975; revised 31 July 1975; accepted 13 September 1975</em> The interaction of molybdic oxide and ammonium paratungstate with diethylamine resulted in the isolation of diethylammonium trimolybdate and tritungstate. Passing hydrogen sulphide to the aqueous solutions of diethylammonium molybdate and tangstate, the respective tetrathiomolybdate and tetrathlotungstate are crystallized out. The compounds are characterized by X-ray powder photography, electronic and infrared spectral measurements and thermogravimetric analysis.
Radio-frequency plasmas in CF4: Self-consistent modeling of the plasma physics and chemistry (1995)

A self-consistent, one-dimensional simulator for the physics and chemistry of radio frequency plasmas is developed and applied for CF4. The simulator consists of a fluid model for the discharge, a commercial Boltzmann code for calculations of electron energy distribution function (EEDF), a generalized plasma chemistry code, and an interface among the three models. Chemistry calculations are fed back into the physics model and the procedure is repeated until a self-consistent solution is obtained. The CF4 discharge shows an electronegative behavior with ten times more negative ions than electrons even at low pressures of 100 mTorr. The EEDF high energy tail lies between the Maxwell and Druyvensteyn distribution. The chemistry model predicts densities of 3.5×1012 cm−3 for CF3, 3×1012 cm−3 for CF2, 2.5×1013 cm−3 for F, and 0.7×1012 cm−3 for CF, in agreement with experimental data from a Japanese group. CF and to a lesser extent CF2, are consumed at the surface, and CF, CF2, and F densities and profiles are sensitive to the sticking coefficient and residence time. CF2 and CF are produced mainly from the parent gas CF4 and not its fragments. Finally, the chemistry results are fed back into the physics model and influence the discharge structure, mainly by changing electron densities and the width of the inner core of the positive-negative ion plasma. Thus, the importance of self-consistent plasma calculations is demonstrated and justified.
New developments on the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) data portal (2019)

The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) is an ongoing collaborative research project aimed at identifying all the functional elements in the human and mouse genomes. Data generated by the ENCODE consortium are freely accessible at the ENCODE portal (https://www.encodeproject.org/), which is developed and maintained by the ENCODE Data Coordinating Center (DCC). Since the initial portal release in 2013, the ENCODE DCC has updated the portal to make ENCODE data more findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. Here, we report on recent updates, including new ENCODE data and assays, ENCODE uniform data processing pipelines, new visualization tools, a dataset cart feature, unrestricted public access to ENCODE data on the cloud (Amazon Web Services open data registry, https://registry.opendata.aws/encode-project/) and more comprehensive tutorials and documentation.
Emergency navigation systems and algorithms in confined spaces (2016)

With the increasing concentration of human populations in modern urbanised societies, emergency navigation systems and related algorithms, which aim to guide evacuees out of the hazardous areas when a disaster occurs, have drawn considerable attention due to the potential serious injuries and fatalities caused by natural or manmade disasters. This paper surveys the existing research in the field of indoor emergency navigation, from various emergency response systems to the associated navigation algorithms.
Nitric oxide inactivates rat hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase in vivo by S -nitrosylation (1998)

We investigated the mechanism of nitric oxide (NO) action on hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) activity using S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) as NO donor. Hepatic MAT plays an essential role in the metabolism of methionine, converting this amino acid into S-adenosylmethionine. Hepatic MAT exists in two oligomeric states: as a tetramer (MAT I) and as a dimer (MAT III) of the same subunit. This subunit contains 10 cysteine residues. In MAT I, S-nitrosylation of 1 thiol residue per subunit was associated with a marked inactivation of the enzyme (about 70%) that was reversed by glutathione (GSH). In MAT III, S-nitrosylation of 3 thiol residues per subunit led to a similar inactivation of the enzyme, which was also reversed by GSH. Incubation of isolated rat hepatocytes with S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester (EGSNO), a NO donor permeable through the cellular membrane, induced a dose-dependent inactivation of MAT that was reversed by removing the NO donor from the cell suspension. MAT, purified from isolated rat hepatocytes, contained S-nitrosothiol groups and the addition of increasing concentrations of EGSNO to the hepatocyte suspension led to a progressive S-nitrosylation of the enzyme. Removal of the NO donor from the incubation media resulted in loss of most NO groups associated to the enzyme. Finally, induction in rats of the production of NO, by the administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), induced a fivefold increase in the S-nitrosylation of hepatic MAT, which led to a marked inactivation of the enzyme. Thus, the activity of liver MAT appears to be regulated in vivo by S-nitrosylation.
7.2 4Mb STT-MRAM-based cache with memory-access-aware power optimization and write-verify-write / read-modify-write scheme (2016)

Two performance gaps in the memory hierarchy, between CPU cache and main memory, and main memory and mass storage, will become increasingly severe bottlenecks for computing-system performance. Although it is necessary to increase memory capacity to fill these gaps, power also increases when conventional volatile memories are used. A new nonvolatile memory for this purpose has been anticipated. Storage class memory is used to fill the second gap. Many candidates exist: ReRAM, PRAM, and 3D-cross point type with resistive change RAM. However, nonvolatile last level cache (LLC) is used to fill the first gap. Advanced STT-MRAM has achieved sub-4ns read and write accesses with perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (p-MTJ) [1-2]. Furthermore, mature integration processes have been developed and 8Mb STT-MRAM with sub-5ns operation has shown high reliability [3]. Moreover, because of its non-volatility, STT-MRAM can reduce operation energy by more than 81% compared to SRAM for cache [1]. This paper presents STT-MRAM-based last level cache memory (LLC) including MRAM memory core, peripherals and cache logic circuits, using novel power optimization with high-speed power gating (HS-PG),considering processor architectures and cache memory accesses. The STT-MRAM-based cache has high reliability to reduce the write-error rate with novel write-verify-write. Furthermore, a read-modify-write scheme is implemented to reduce active power without penalty. Figure 7.2.1 presents a block diagram of a 4Mb STT-MRAM based cache.
Cheese, Processed Cheese, and Whey (2000)

The article contains sections titled:



1.	Introduction	
2.	Classification	
3.	Production	
3.1.	Raw Materials	
3.2.	Cheesemaking Technology	
3.3.	Ripening	
4.	Analysis	
5.	Flavor Components	
6.	Processed Cheese	
7.	Whey	
7.1.	Composition and Treatment of Whey	
7.2.	Use of Whey	
8.	Economic Aspects
Oral heparin: status review. (2006)

Unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin are the most commonly used antithrombotic and thromboprophylactic agents in hospital practice. Extended out-of-hospital treatment is inconvenient in that these agents must be administered parenterally. Current research is directed at development of a safe and effective oral antithrombotic agent as an alternative for the effective, yet difficult to use vitamin K antagonists. A novel drug delivery technology that facilitates transport of drugs across the gastrointestinal epithelium has been harnessed to develop an oral dosage form of unfractionated heparin. Combining unfractionated heparin with the carrier molecule, sodium N-(8 [2-hydroxybenzoyl]amino) caprylate, or SNAC has markedly increased the gastrointestinal absorption of this drug. Preclinical and clinical studies to-date suggests that oral heparin-SNAC can confer a clinical efficacious effect; further confirmation is sought in planned clinical trials.
Energy-aware runtime scheduling for embedded-multiprocessor SOCs (2001)

This task-scheduling method for embedded systems combines the low runtime complexity of a design-time scheduling phase with the flexibility of a runtime scheduling phase.
Properties, Growth and Applications of Diamond (2000)

prices have fallen because of recent breakthroughs in synthesis techniques. This has spurred research and development into diamond characterisation and applications in a range of industrial settings. This collection considers these new trends. In the longer term, diamond's high thermal conductivity and electron mobility make it potentially useful for integrated circuit applications (e.g. heat sinks). Properties, Growth and Applications of Diamond draws together expertise from 60 researchers in Europe and the USA working on bulk and thin diamond. The contributions are all fully refereed and are combined to form a highly structered volume with reviews, evaluations, tables and illustrative material, together with expert guidance to the literature.
Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor overexpression mediates cellular radioresistance and local breast cancer recurrence after lumpectomy and radiation. (1997)

The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) plays a critical role in cell growth regulation and transformation. The radiosensitivity of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing either wild-type or mutant IGF-IR was examined. High levels of wild-type IGF-IR conferred radioresistance, and mutational analysis revealed that this effect correlated with the transforming capacity but not the mitogenic activity of the receptor. The radioresistant phenotype was reversed when the cells were incubated with antisense oligonucleotides targeted to IGF-IR mRNA, demonstrating that IGF-IR directly influences radioresistance. The clinical significance of these findings was examined in an immunohistochemical analysis of primary breast tumors, revealing that high levels of IGF-IR in tumor samples were highly correlated with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) following lumpectomy and radiation therapy (P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that, for early breast tumor relapses (within 4 years of initial breast tumor diagnosis), elevated levels of IGF-IR were strongly associated with IBTR (P = 0.004) but IGF-IR expression was not prognostic for IBTR from breast cancer patients with late relapses (P was not significant). These studies provide evidence for the influence of IGF-IR on cellular radioresistance and response to therapy and raise the possibility that the radiocurability of selected tumors may be improved by pharmaceutical strategies directed toward the IGF-IR.
Privacy-Preserving Collaborative Data Mining. (2009)

Data collection is a necessary step in data mining process. Due to privacy reasons, collecting data from different parties becomes difficult. Privacy concerns may prevent the parties from directly sharing the data and some types of information about the data. How multiple parties collaboratively conduct data mining without breaching data privacy presents a challenge. The objective of this paper is to provide solutions for privacy-preserving collaborative data mining problems. In particular, we illustrate how to conduct privacy-preserving naive Bayesian classification which is one of the data mining tasks. To measure the privacy level for privacy- preserving schemes, we propose a definition of privacy and show that our solutions preserve data privacy.
Maternal Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Behaviors: Review of the Current Evidence (2003)

Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero is suspected to be associated with ADHD and ADHD symptoms in children. Other maternal lifestyle factors during pregnancy may also be associated with these disorders. Further studies are needed to reach conclusions.
Cattle Biting Louse, Bovicola Bovis (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae), Phoretic on the Horn Fly, Haematobia Irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)1 (1977)

Adult horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus), were collected from purebred Angus and Hereford cattle in the vicinity of College Station, Texas, during the spring and summer of 1975 to supplement laboratory production of ova needed for routine bioassay procedures. During the subsequent separation of horn flies from other fly species, 3 individuals were observed bearing phoretic cattle biting lice, Bovicola bovis (Linnaeus). One adult female louse and 1 nymph were attached by their mandibles to the abdominal integuments of a male and a female horn fly, respectively. A 3rd specimen, also an adult female, was observed unattached on the thorax of a female horn fly. Although peak population densities of these 2 bovine parasites occur on the host at different times of the year and only 3 such associations were observed among several thousand horn flies examined, this previously unrecorded mallophagan phoretic relationship (Keirans, 1975, J. Med. Ent. 12: 476) may allow the cattle biting louse a secondary, although minor, mode of dispersal.—D. E. Bay, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, U.S.A.
Increased HDL Cholesterol and ApoA-I in Humans and Mice Treated With a Novel SR-BI Inhibitor (2009)

Our data indicate that ITX5061 increases HDL-C levels by inhibition of SR-BI activity. This suggests that pharmacological inhibition of SR-BI has the potential to raise HDL-C and apoA-I levels without adverse effects on VLDL/LDL cholesterol levels in humans.
Single-mode tunable quantum cascade lasers in the spectral range of the CO<sub>2</sub> laser at /spl lambda/=9.5-10.5 μm (2000)

Widely tunable, single-mode quantum cascade distributed feedback (QC-DFB) lasers based on a complex coupling scheme and operating in the wavelength range of the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser (/spl lambda//spl ap/9.5-10.5 μm) are reported. Dynamic single-mode emission up to high current levels is obtained. The continuous single-mode tuning range is 150 nm, while the tuning range of the equivalent Fabry-Perot laser is /spl sim/400 nm. By homogeneously reducing all layer thicknesses by 10%, the wavelength coverage of a single QC-laser design can be extended to cover one entire regular band of the fundamental CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser spectrum.