gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
File Detection in Network Traffic Using Approximate Matching (2013)

Virtually every day data breach incidents are reported in the news. Scammers, fraudsters, hackers and malicious insiders are raking in millions with sensitive business and personal information. Not all incidents involve cunning and astute hackers. The involvement of insiders is ever increasing. Data information leakage is a critical issue for many companies, especially nowadays where every employee has an access to high speed internet.In the past, email was the only gateway to send out information but with the advent of technologies like SaaS (e.g. Dropbox) and other similar services, possible routes have become numerous and complicated to guard for an organisation. Data is valuable, for legitimate purposes or criminal purposes alike. An intuitive approach to check data leakage is to scan the network traffic for presence of any confidential information transmitted. The existing systems use slew of techniques like keyword matching, regular expression pattern matching, cryptographic algorithms or rolling hashes to prevent data leakage. These techniques are either trivial to evade or suffer with high false alarm rate. In this thesis, 'known file content' detection in network traffic using approximate matching is presented. It performs content analysis on-the-fly. The approach is protocol agnostic and filetype independent. Compared to existing techniques, proposed approach is straight forward and does not need comprehensive configuration. It is easy to deploy and maintain, as only file fingerprint is required, instead of verbose rules.
Fully Automated Nucleic Acid Extraction: MagNA Pure LC (2001)

Kinetic PCR analysis by real-time monitoring of DNA amplification was first described 8 years ago (1). Recently, the LightCyclerTM instrument (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany), which allows high-speed thermal cycling by use of air instead of thermal blocks and on-line real-time fluorescence monitoring, was introduced (2). Several reports have been published with regard to utilization of the LightCycler technology for detection of pathogens (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11).

Real-time PCR has greatly decreased the amount of hands-on time needed to generate and detect amplification products. Before amplification, pathogen-specific DNA or RNA must be extracted from the specimen. This procedure, also called sample preparation, remains the most labor-intensive and time-consuming part of widely automated molecular assays and may be considered the major weakness in most molecular assays today (12)(13). Therefore, a fully automated sample preparation system is urgently needed for the routine diagnostic laboratory.

In this study, a fully automated specimen preparation instrument, the MagNA Pure LCTM (Roche) was evaluated. The new instrument was used for extraction of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in combination with real-time PCR on the LightCycler instrument.

In the first experiment, the interassay variation and the detection limit were tested. The Second European Union Concerted Action HSV Proficiency Panel, which consists of 12 vials with different concentrations of HSV type 1 (HSV-1), strain MacIntyre (American Type Culture Collection), HSV type 2 (HSV-2), strain MS (American Type Culture Collection), varicella-zoster virus, and negative samples, was used. Samples were analyzed three times on different days. Results were compared with a molecular assay, which consisted of an in-house DNA extraction protocol and real-time PCR.

In the second experiment, intraassay variation of the new molecular assay was tested. Plasma was collected from a …
[Thrombocytopathies and their role in the development of hemorrhagic syndrome in vascular diseases of the fundus oculi]. (2001)

Examinations of 407 patients with angiological disorders of the fundus oculi (diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein thrombosis, central chorioretinal dystrophy, retinal angiitis) revealed relapsing hemorrhagic syndrome in 40% (170) patients. No thrombocytopenia was revealed in any of the patients, which suggests qualitative impairment of platelets in such patients. Evaluation of the platelet aggregation coefficient (PAC) using thrombin aggregation inducers and adenosine diphosphate disodium revealed a statistically significant decrease of PAC for one or both aggregants in all 170 patients with the hemorrhagic syndrome, which indicated platelet dysfunction. A course of intramuscular injections of 1% adenosine triphosphate sodium normalized platelet function and stimulated resorption of hemorrhages.
The biology of Giardia spp (1991)

Gardia spp. are flagellated protozoans that parasitize the small intestines of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. The infectious cysts begin excysting in the acidic environment of the stomach and become trophozoites (the vegetative form). The trophozoites attach to the intestinal mucosa through the suction generated by a ventral disk and cause diarrhea and malabsorption by mechanisms that are not well understood. Giardia spp. have a number of unique features, including a predominantly anaerobic metabolism, complete dependence on salvage of exogenous nucleotides, a limited ability to synthesize and degrade carbohydrates and lipids, and two nuclei that are equal by all criteria that have been tested. The small size and unique sequence of G. lamblia rRNA molecules have led to the proposal that Giardia is the most primitive eukaryotic organism. Three Giardia spp. have been identified by light lamblia, G. muris, and G. agilis, but electron microscopy has allowed further species to be described within the G. lamblia group, some of which have been substantiated by differences in the rDNA. Animal models and human infections have led to the conclusion that intestinal infection is controlled primarily through the humoral immune system (T-cell dependent in the mouse model). A major immunogenic cysteine-rich surface antigen is able to vary in vitro and in vivo in the course of an infection and may provide a means of evading the host immune response or perhaps a means of adapting to different intestinal environments.
Nucleotide sequence of an amylase gene from<i>Bacillus megaterium</i> (1988)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of an amylase gene from Bacillus megaterium Get access Raymond J. Metz, Raymond J. Metz Enzyme Bio-Systems Ltd3350 Salt Creek Lane, Arlington Heights, IL 60005, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Larry N. Allen, Larry N. Allen Enzyme Bio-Systems Ltd3350 Salt Creek Lane, Arlington Heights, IL 60005, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tin M. Cao, Tin M. Cao Enzyme Bio-Systems Ltd3350 Salt Creek Lane, Arlington Heights, IL 60005, USA * Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nancy W. Zeman Nancy W. Zeman Enzyme Bio-Systems Ltd3350 Salt Creek Lane, Arlington Heights, IL 60005, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 11, 10 June 1988, Page 5203, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.11.5203 Published: 10 June 1988 Article history Accepted: 21 April 1988 Published: 10 June 1988
Identity Verification System Using Data Hiding and Fingerprint Recognition (2005)

This paper proposes an identity verification system using data hiding and fingerprint recognition. At user's home, the client's account information is encrypted and embedded into the fingerprint image via data hiding method secretly. Then the fingerprint image with embedded data is transferred to the bank over Internet. At bank side, the client's account information is extracted. It is used to retrieve the client's registered fingerprint from central database, which is then matched with extracted fingerprint via fingerprint recognition method to verify user's identity. This system is more reliable and secure than transferring password alone. The data are embedded with quantization watermark in the JPEG 2000 coding pipeline. Compare to our previous proposed system, the interaction time can be reduced because less data will be transmitted. When the fingerprint image is compressed to 1/4~1/20 of its original size, the embedded watermark can still be recovered. This system has been used in a bank pension distribution system. It can also be used in other E-business applications
Quantum Interference of Electron Wave in Metal (CoSi<sub>2</sub>)/Insulator (CaF<sub>2</sub>) Resonant Tunneling Hot Electron Transistor Structure (1994)

We report the observation of multiple negative differential resistance (NDR) in nanometer-thick metal (CoSi 2 )/insulatro (CaF 2 ) resonant tunneling hot electron transistor (RHET) grown on a silicon substrate. In this transistor, electrons from a resonant tunneling emitter with a 2.2-nm-thick CoSi 2 quantum well are transferred to the conduction band of a 4.0-nm-thick CaF 2 collector barrier region. Multiple NDR observed here may be attributed to the modulation of the transmission probability of electron waves due to quantum interference in the conduction band of the insulator (CaF 2 ) collector barrier layer between two metal (CoSi 2 ) layers, which is a different mechanism from the resonance in quantum wells previously reported.
Avoiding midair collisions (1975)

Describes a system which puts the pilot in the `driver's seat' and exploits the existing US air traffic control system.
Enhancement of White Mold Avoidance and Yield in Dry Beans by Canopy Elevation (1984)

Abstract Increasing the amount of artificial support with wire fencing placed under the canopy of furrow-irrigated ‘Great Northern Valley’ dry beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) significantly decreased severity of white mold [ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) deBary] and increased seed yield.
Physical significance of measurements in images (2002)

In mathematical morphology, images are represented with sets. On binary images, sets delineate portions in the image plane, creating binary shapes. Measurements can be done on these shapes. It has been demonstrated that, for digital images, there exist very few basic measurements. These measurements, along with image transformations, generate all the possible measurements that can be done on an image. For binary images, all the measurements are based on the area, perimeter and connectivity number (number of connected components minus the number of holes inside them). Gray-tone images can also be modeled as 3-D sets. However the 5-D space is not homogeneous: units along the image plane are not the same as those on the intensity axis. This causes problems because not all the basic measurements are physically valid. The basic measurements on gray-tone images are the volume, surface, norm (or mean curvature) and the connectivity number. In this paper, we present a criterion to assess the physical validity of the basic measurements. This allows us to further limit the number of useful basic measurements. On gray-tone images, these are the volume and the connectivity number. We illustrate our findings with an experiment using physically valid and invalid measurements. These measurements are applied to texture characterization and segmentation. We study the behavior of these measurements under illumination changes. We show that a physically invalid measurement gives erratic answers under such circumstances. This has important consequences on the robustness of image analysis algorithms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
COX-2 Inhibitors and Their Role in Gynecology (2002)

Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to describe the two types of cylooxygenase enzymes (COX), to list the effects and side effects of NSAIDs and COX-2 medications, and to outline the various changes in COX expression during pregnancy.
Betere en efficiëntere zorg met Lean Six Sigma (2009)

Zorgaanbieders moeten steeds meer met elkaar concurreren. De wetten van de markteconomie worden daarom meer en meer van toepassing in de zorgsector die dat tot voor kort helemaal niet gewend was. Dat vergt veranderingen, zowel in het besturen van deze organisaties, als in de omgang met patiënten en medewerkers. Daarbij kan gebruik worden gemaakt van methoden die hun waarde in andere sectoren hebben bewezen. Om processen efficiënter te maken, wordt in de industrie tegenwoordig ‘Lean’ gebruikt, of ‘Six Sigma’, of een combinatie van beide. Ook in de zorg vindt de methode steeds meer weerklank. In dit artikel beschrijven we de ervaringen van het Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen met ‘Lean Six Sigma’.
RF, Thermal, and Structural Analysis of a High-Power CW RF Window (2000)

The present Jefferson Lab Free Electron Laser window requirements were used to develop a RF window design. These requirements include 1.497 GHz as the design frequency, and require the window to pass higher modes that originate in the cavity. The VSWR should be less than 1.1:1 at the design frequency and no greater than 1.5:1 at frequencies up to 2.2 GHz. The finite element method was used with the same node and element connectivity for the RF, thermal, and structural models enabling loads to be passed directly. Dielectric losses from the RF analysis were passed directly to the thermal model as heat loads within the window. The temperature distribution is calculated and passed directly to the structural model. The broadband VSWR requirements of the window are achieved by varying appropriate geometry parameters. Maintaining these parameters at reasonable minimum dimensions provides for up to three atmospheres of pressure differential. The high thermal conductivity of BeO and a cooling channel located around the window edge enables efficient heat removal from the window and therefore high power throughput, greater than 100 kW.
Cellular pathways involved in the ex vivo expression of bovine leukemia virus (1996)

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiologic agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. The virus adopts a strategy based on the lack of viral expression in vivo; only very rare BLV-infected B lymphocytes express viral information. When the cells are isolated from animals in persistent lymphocytosis and cultivated ex vivo, a tremendous increase in viral expression occurs. To gain insight into this mechanism, we employed a general approach using chemicals that interfere specifically with cellular pathways involved in signal transduction from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Our data demonstrate that BLV expression is not correlated with the activity of protein kinase A (PKA) and is even inhibited by cyclic AMP (cAMP). The cAMP/PKA pathway is thus apparently not involved in ex vivo viral expression. In contrast, PKC appears to play a key role in this process. Phorbol myristate acetate can directly activate viral expression in B cells (in the absence of T cells). Furthermore, calphostin C, a highly specific inhibitor of PKC, partly decreases ex vivo BLV expression. Our data further demonstrate that calmodulin and calcineurin, a calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, play a key role in the induction of viral expression. The involvement of this calmodulin-dependent pathway could explain the induction of expression that cannot be assigned to PKC. Furthermore, it appears that the activation of viral expression requires a calmodulin but not a PKA-dependent pathway. These data highlight major differences between transient transfection and ex vivo experiments. Finally, despite their homologies, BLV and human T-cell leukemia virus appear to use different signal transduction pathways to induce viral expression.
<i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Displays a Rugose Phenotype (2001)

Rugose phenotypes, such as those observed in Vibrio cholerae, have increased resistance to chlorine, oxidative stress, and complement-mediated killing. In this study we identified and defined a rugose phenotype in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 and showed induction only on certain media at 25 degrees C after 3 days of incubation. Incubation at 37 degrees C resulted in the appearance of the smooth phenotype. Observation of the ultrastructure of the rugose form and a stable smooth variant (Stv), which was isolated following a series of passages of the rugose cells, revealed extracellular substances only in cells from the rugose colony. Observation of the extracellular substance by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was correlated with the appearance of corrugation during development of rugose colony morphology over a 4-day incubation period at 25 degrees C. In addition, the cells also formed a pellicle in liquid broth, which was associated with the appearance of interlacing slime and fibrillar structures, as observed by SEM. The pellicle-forming cells were completely surrounded by capsular material, which bound cationic ferritin, thus indicating the presence of an extracellular anionic component. The rugose cells, in contrast to Stv, showed resistance to low pH and hydrogen peroxide and an ability to form biofilms. Based on these results and analogy to the rugose phenotype in V. cholerae, we propose a possible role for the rugose phenotype in the survival of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104.
Orientation Mode of Crystallites and Rodlike Texture of Polyethylene Crystallized from a Stressed Polymer Melt (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrientation Mode of Crystallites and Rodlike Texture of Polyethylene Crystallized from a Stressed Polymer MeltMasaru Matsuo, Fumihiko Ozaki, Hozumi Kurita, Shunji Sugawara, and Testsuya OgitaCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 5, 1187–1194Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60077a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60077a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Tag Genome (2012)

This article introduces the tag genome, a data structure that extends the traditional tagging model to provide enhanced forms of user interaction. Just as a biological genome encodes an organism based on a sequence of genes, the tag genome encodes an item in an information space based on its relationship to a common set of tags. We present a machine learning approach for computing the tag genome, and we evaluate several learning models on a ground truth dataset provided by users. We describe an application of the tag genome called Movie Tuner which enables users to navigate from one item to nearby items along dimensions represented by tags. We present the results of a 7-week field trial of 2,531 users of Movie Tuner and a survey evaluating users’ subjective experience. Finally, we outline the broader space of applications of the tag genome.
The Usefulness of Inverse Floaters (2000)

Inverse floaters are sometimes characterized by the popular financial press in unfavorable terms, particularly with respect to their reported role in a number of municipal financial crises during the mid–1990s. In this article, the authors show how inverse floaters can be used in conjunction with government bonds and repo leverage to create attractive risk–return profiles and stable income over a wide variety of economic scenario. Inverse floaters can be particularly attractive during periods of steep yield curves.
Carbon Dioxide Gas as an Arterial Contrast Agent (1993)

CO2 arteriography provides accurate, clinically useful arterial imaging with minimal risk. Thus, this new technology significantly increases the utility of arteriography in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Liquid water content measurements using the Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer in the NASA Lewis Icing Research Tunnel (1993)

The performance of a Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) based icing probe suitable for use in icing tunnels and airborne applications is assessed. The instrument is shown to accurately and repeatably measure liquid water content (LWC) to within better than 20 percent of the nominal expected value in the NASA Lewis IRT. This was seen to be true over a wide range of tunnel operating conditions. The principles used by the PDPA for MVD and LWC determination are discussed. Calibration curves for the IRT median volume diameter are also determined and compared to the existing calibration determined via the PMS instruments. As has been shown in previous work, the PDPA is quite repeatable. The results are typically 3 to 5 microns smaller than the existing calibrations for a given run condition. Reasons for these differences are also discussed.
Power of a Public Random Permutation and Its Application to Authenticated Encryption (2010)

This paper shows that many independent pseudorandom permutations over {0,1} <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> can be obtained from a single public random permutation and secret n bits. It is then proved that a slightly modified IAPM (an authenticated-encryption scheme) is secure even if the underlying block cipher F is publicly accessible (as a blackbox). A similar result is derived for OCB mode, too. The security proofs are based on our first result, and they are extremely simple. Finally, it is shown that our security bound is tight within a constant factor.
Risk factors for and management of dropped nucleus during phacoemulsification (2001)

The incidence of dropped nucleus was more frequent with inexperienced surgeons, even though experienced surgeons had more cases with predisposing risk factors. Modern vitreoretinal procedures reduce morbidity and improve the visual outcome.