gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Semi-Fragile Document Watermarking Algorithm (2007)

A novel document watermarking algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm a watermark is embedded into a WORD document by modifying the font color attribute. Experimental results show that this algorithm has good perceptual transparency, large capacity and security. It is robust to format change attacks and the WINRAR compress attack. This algorithm is sensitive to content attacks, such as adding, deleting and supplanting. It can locate tamper position and recover the original content which had been tempered.
La delimitación de las funciones normativa y administrativa en el orden comunitario, en particular, la decisión (2001)

I. LA APLICACION DIRECTA DEL DERECHO COMUNITARIO Y LA CONFUSION ENTRE FUNCIONES NORMATIVAS Y ADMINISTRATIVAS EN EL SENO DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS.—II. LA DECISION COMO PIEZA CLAVE DE LA EJECUCION ADMINISTRATIVA DIRECTA DEL DERECHO COMUNITARIO: 1. INDETERMINACION DE SU PERFIL. 2. EXEGESIS DE ESTA FIGURA A LA LUZ DE SU CONCEPTUACION Y REGIMEN JURIDICO: A) Proyeccion practica de la delimitacion. B) El problema de la distincion conceptual de los actos juridicos, normativos y administrativos. C) La singularidad de la decision: su naturaleza no normativa.—III. PARTICULAR REFERENCIA AL EFECTO DIRECTO DE LAS DECISIONES.
DNA Binding Specificities and Pairing Rules of the Ah Receptor, ARNT, and SIM Proteins (1995)

The Ah receptor (AHR), the Ah receptor nuclear translocator protein (ARNT), and single-minded protein (SIM) are members of the basic helix-loop-helix-PAS (bHLH-PAS) family of regulatory proteins. In this study, we examine the DNA half-site recognition and pairing rules for these proteins using oligonucleotide selection-amplification and coprecipitation protocols. Oligonucleotide selection-amplification revealed that a variety of bHLH-PAS protein combinations could interact, with each generating a unique DNA binding specificity. To validate the selection-amplification protocol, we demonstrated the preference of the AHR.ARNT complex for the sequence commonly found in dioxin-responsive enhancers in vivo (TNGCGTG). We then demonstrated that the ARNT protein is capable of forming a homodimer with a binding preference for the palindromic E-box sequence, CACGTG. Further examination indicated that ARNT may have a relaxed partner specificity, since it was also capable of forming a heterodimer with SIM and recognizing the sequence GT(G/A)CGTG. Coprecipitation experiments using various PAS proteins and ARNT were consistent with the idea that the ARNT protein has a broad range of interactions among the bHLH-PAS proteins, while the other members appear more restricted in their interactions. Comparison of this in vitro data with sites known to be bound in vivo suggests that the high affinity half-site recognition sequences for the AHR, SIM, and ARNT are T(C/T)GC, GT(G/A)C (5'-half-sites), and GTG (3'-half-sites), respectively.
Fully automated interpretation of ionizing radiation-induced γH2AX foci by the novel pattern recognition system AKLIDES<sup>®</sup> (2012)

The interpretation system AKLIDES(®) demonstrated a high correlation with visually observed results. High inter-laboratory variability found for manual investigations revealed the usefulness for a standardized technique for evaluation of γH2AX foci.
Lamb Wave Interactions with Non‐symmetric Features at Structural Boundaries (2008)

Abstract The paper initially describes on a numerical basis how a Lamb wave would have to perform that has been initiated in a pure mode (either symmetric or anti–symmetric) and what the wave would have to anticipate in terms of mode conversion when being reflected at a surface not perpendicular to its traveling direction. The effects of changing in geometric specifications of non–symmetric artificial features like angle of sloping edge or partially sloping edges are studied. The results obtained from these studies are presented as the reflected and converted parts of the incident wave versus angle of the edge or percentage of the sloped edge. It has been further shown that Lamb waves being generated experimentally by a finite size transducer into a plate like structure thus most likely result in a combination of modes. Reflection of these combined modes at structural boundaries will therefore generate an even more complex coupling of modes. This situation is further aggravated if the structural boundary is not purely perpendicular to the traveling wave but has a slightly varying angle such as it might have to be anticipated at a countersunk rivet, a notch or even more extreme a crack in a metallic component. However from understanding the background of Lamb wave generation, mode separation and superposition, a systematic approach can be established that allows complex Lamb waves, such as they are observed when monitoring true structures, to be interpreted and understood. This approach has been explained on the basis of numerical result obtained from finite element analyses first before proving the findings by some fundamental experiments performed with variable angle beam transducers which demonstrates the difficulties in de–coupling Lamb wave modes and how to handle those coupled modes in terms of structural condition monitoring. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis and Li-Ion Insertion Properties of Highly Crystalline Mesoporous Rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> (2008)

Mesoporous TiO2 has attracted great attention as a promising Li insertion electrode material with improved cycling life, rate capability, and high power density. Up to date, mesoporous anatase TiO2 has been investigated for Li insertion. Recent studies have shown that nanosized rutile could be an excellent candidate for anode materials for higher Li insertion capacity and improved stability. However, synthesis of highly crystalline mesoporous rutile has met with limited success so far. There has been no report on Li insertion of mesoporous rutile TiO2. In this paper, we report a new low-temperature solution growth of TiO2 nanocrystals within an anionic surfactant matrix to produce highly crystalline mesoporous rutile and investigate Li insertion properties of the mesoporous crystalline rutile. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and N2 sorption isotherms reveal that mesoporous structure in the highly crystalline mesoporous TiO2 directly results from the anionic surfactant templating effects with high surface area (245−300 m2/g) and tunable mesopore diameter ranging from 2.2 to 3.8 nm after calcination. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements show that framework of the highly crystalline mesoporous TiO2 are composed of aligned rutile nanorod building blocks grown along [001] direction. The new mesoporous crystalline rutile can accommodate more than 0.7 Li (Li0.7TiO2, 235 mA h g−1) during the first discharge at a C/5 rate between 1 and 3 V versus Li+/Li, with a reversible capacity of 0.55 Li (Li0.55TiO2, 185 mA h g−1). The mesoporous crystalline rutile shows excellent capacity retention with less than 10% capacity loss after more than 100 cycles. XRD and TEM characterization on the electrochemically lithiated sample show that the rutile nanorods were transformed into cubic rocksalt LiTiO2 nanorods, but the mesostructures remained stable after the phase transformation and cycling. Furthermore, the crystalline mesoporous rutile may also have good potential for other applications such as stable catalyst supports.
Structural analysis of two glycosphingolipids from the lipopolysaccharide‐lacking bacterium <i>Sphingomonas capsulata</i> (2000)

Two glycosphingolipids, GSL-1 and GSL-3, were isolated from Sphingomonas capsulata and studied by methylation analysis, laser desorption mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional 1H,1H COSY and heteronuclear 13C,1H COSY experiments. GSL-1 and GSL-3 differ in their carbohydrate part, their structures being alpha-D-GlcpA-(1-->1)-Cer and alpha-D-Galp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-GlcpN-(1-->4)-alpha-D-GlcpA(1-- >1)Cer, respectively. Variations occur in the ceramide of GSL-1 and GSL-3, both having the same long-chain bases, erythro-2-amino-1, 3-octadecanediol (sphinganine), (13Z)-erythro-2-amino-13-eicosene-1, 3-diol and (13Z)-erythro-2-amino-13,14-methylene-1,3-eicosanediol, in the ratios 2.6 : 1 : 3.5 in GSL-1 and 1 : 1.2 : 1.5 in GSL-3. All bases are quantitatively substituted by amide-linked (S)-2-hydroxymyristic acid.
The effect of municipal solid waste pretreatment on landfill behavior: a literature review * (1999)

Landfilling is one of the most widely used municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal methods worldwide. It is the necessary part of an integrated solid waste system, since all waste treatment processes have residues that cannot be further reused or recovered and are eventually landfilled. Thermal, mechanical and biological pretreatment techniques are used, often in combination, prior to landfilling. The primary aim is the recovery of certain components and energy production. However, pretreatment techniques can also be used with the ultimate objective of controlling landfill behavior, that is the biological and physicochemical processes that take place within a landfill. Two ways a landfill can be managed in the future are: a final storage quality depository, in which environmental emissions are kept to a minimum; or a controlled bioreactor, in which enhanced methane production rates and methane utilization are the goals. Thermal, mechanical and biological pretreatment methods can be combined to achieve either of the above goals. Both financial and environmental issues have to be considered when determining the ways landfills will be managed in the future, as part of an optimized integrated waste management system.
Effects of Received Power Imbalance on the Channel Capacity of a Handset MIMO (2007)

This paper presents a basic investigation of the power imbalance problem using a dipole array and a handset MIMO model in a browsing situation. Using channel modeling that includes the effects of 3-dimensional angular spectrum and polarization of incident waves, we carried out a Monte Carlo simulation. From the results obtained in this study, estimates of the reduction in channel capacity for different numbers of elements with reduced received power can be made.
A Low Error and High Performance Multiplexer-Based Truncated Multiplier (2009)

This paper proposes a novel adaptive pseudo-carry compensation truncation (PCT) scheme, which is derived for the multiplexer based array multiplier. The proposed method yields low average error among existing truncation methods. The new PCT based truncated array multiplier outperforms other existing truncated array multipliers by as much as 25% in terms of silicon area and delay, and consumes about 40% less dynamic power than the full-width multiplier for 32-bit operation. The proposed truncation scheme is applied to an image compression algorithm. Due to its low truncation error, the mean square errors (MSE) of various reconstructed images are found to be comparable to those obtained with full-precision multiplication.
Remote Display Solutions for Mobile Cloud Computing (2011)

Proposed optimization techniques address the major challenges that varying wireless channel conditions, short battery lifetime, and interaction latency pose for the remote display of cloud applications on mobile devices.
Fast and Area-Efficient Sphere Decoding Using Look-Ahead Search (2007)

Sphere decoding enables maximum likelihood (ML) detection with fairly low complexity in the MIMO wireless systems, but it takes hundreds cycles at low SNR environment. This paper proposes a fast decoding algorithm to reduce the decoding cycles using look-ahead search. Since the proposed decoding algorithm utilizes hardware resources to add other sub-trees into the search space successively, it helps not to go down into the sub-tree that has a small value at the root node but has large values at the child nodes. Scaling and enumeration techniques are also presented, which are effective in implementing the proposed sphere decoder. As a result, the proposed decoder saves about 30% decoding cycles at the cost of small hardware overhead compared to the conventional decoder.
Characterization and identification of a bovine respiratory syncytial virus isolated from young calves. (1979)

Two identical viruses designated 371 and 375 were recovered from nasal secretions of 2 of 7 calves in a beef cow-calf herd in which calves (45 to 105 days of age) had signs of acute respiratory tract disease. The cytopathic, morphologic and physico-chemical characteristics of the isolates were those of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Although a humoral antibody response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus was not observed, it was concluded that this virus probably had a part in the respiratory tract disease in these calves.
Molecular cloning of chick lysyl hydroxylase. Little homology in primary structure to the two types of subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase. (1991)

Lysyl hydroxylase (EC 1.14.11.4), an alpha 2 dimer, catalyzes the formation of hydroxylysine in collagens by the hydroxylation of lysine residues in X-Lys-Gly sequences. We report here on the isolation of cDNA clones coding for the enzyme from a chick embryo lambda gt11 library. Several overlapping clones covering all the coding sequences of the 4-kilobase mRNA and virtually all the noncoding sequences were characterized. These clones encode a polypeptide of 710 amino acid residues and a signal peptide of 20 amino acids. The polypeptide has four potential attachment sites for asparagine-linked oligosaccharides and 9 cysteine residues, at least one of which is likely to be involved in the binding of the Fe2+ atom to a catalytic site. A surprising finding was that no significant homology was found between the primary structures of lysyl hydroxylase and prolyl 4-hydroxylase in spite of the marked similarities in kinetic properties between these two enzymes. A computer-assisted comparison indicated only an 18% identity between lysyl hydroxylase and the alpha-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and a 19% identity between lysyl hydroxylase and the beta-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase. Visual inspection of the most homologous areas nevertheless indicated the presence of several regions of 20-40 amino acids in which the identity between lysyl hydroxylase and one of the prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunits exceeded 30% or similarity exceeded 40%. Southern blot analyses of chick genomic DNA indicated the presence of only one gene coding for lysyl hydroxylase.
Recovery of Uranium from Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRecovery of Uranium from Wet-Process Phosphoric AcidF. J. Hurst, D. J. Crouse, and K. B. BrownCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1972, 11, 1, 122–128Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/i260041a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views515Altmetric-Citations110LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (673 KB) Get e-Alerts
Influence of Context and Behavior on Stimulus Reconstruction From Neural Activity in Primary Auditory Cortex (2009)

Population responses of cortical neurons encode considerable details about sensory stimuli, and the encoded information is likely to change with stimulus context and behavioral conditions. The details of encoding are difficult to discern across large sets of single neuron data because of the complexity of naturally occurring stimulus features and cortical receptive fields. To overcome this problem, we used the method of stimulus reconstruction to study how complex sounds are encoded in primary auditory cortex (AI). This method uses a linear spectro-temporal model to map neural population responses to an estimate of the stimulus spectrogram, thereby enabling a direct comparison between the original stimulus and its reconstruction. By assessing the fidelity of such reconstructions from responses to modulated noise stimuli, we estimated the range over which AI neurons can faithfully encode spectro-temporal features. For stimuli containing statistical regularities (typical of those found in complex natural sounds), we found that knowledge of these regularities substantially improves reconstruction accuracy over reconstructions that do not take advantage of this prior knowledge. Finally, contrasting stimulus reconstructions under different behavioral states showed a novel view of the rapid changes in spectro-temporal response properties induced by attentional and motivational state.
Le conflit des intérêts mondiaux en Palestine (1937)

Phillips Tracy. Le conflit des intérêts mondiaux en Palestine. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 1937 - 2ᵉannée. pp. 148-161.
Multiplex Detection of RNA Expression in <i>Drosophila</i> Embryos (2004)

We present a fluorescence-based, multiplex in situ hybridization method that permits the simultaneous detection of five differently labeled antisense RNA probes and up to seven differ-ent transcripts in a single Drosophila embryo. We also show that it should be possible to increase the number of detected transcripts substantially with nascent transcript multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization. These multiplex methods fill a current technological gap between high-resolution in situ hybridization with one or two fluorescently labeled probes and low-resolution but genome-wide microarray RNA profiling and should be of great utility in establishing gene networks.
Enhanced Immunogenicity of CD4<sup>+</sup>T-Cell Responses and Protective Efficacy of a DNA-Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Prime-Boost Vaccination Regimen for Murine Tuberculosis (2001)

DNA vaccines whose DNA encodes a variety of antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy. CD8(+) T-cell responses and protection achieved in other infectious disease models have been optimized by using a DNA immunization to prime the immune system and a recombinant virus encoding the same antigen(s) to boost the response. A DNA vaccine (D) and recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (M) in which the DNA encodes early secreted antigenic target 6 and mycobacterial protein tuberculosis 63 synthesized, and each was found to generate specific gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-secreting CD4(+) T cells. Enhanced CD4(+) IFN-gamma T-cell responses were produced by both D-M and M-D immunization regimens. Significantly higher levels of IFN-gamma were seen with a D-D-D-M immunization regimen. The most immunogenic regimens were assessed in a challenge study and found to produce protection equivalent to that produced by Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Thus, heterologous prime-boost regimens boost CD4(+) as well as CD8(+) T-cell responses, and the use of heterologous constructs encoding the same antigen(s) may improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccines against tuberculosis and other diseases.
Mutational Analyses of Yeast RNA Triphosphatases Highlight a Common Mechanism of Metal-dependent NTP Hydrolysis and a Means of Targeting Enzymes to Pre-mRNAs in Vivo by Fusion to the Guanylyltransferase Component of the Capping Apparatus (1999)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cet1p is the prototype of a family of metal-dependent RNA 5'-triphosphatases/NTPases encoded by fungi and DNA viruses; the family is defined by conserved sequence motifs A, B, and C. We tested the effects of 12 alanine substitutions and 16 conservative modifications at 18 positions of the motifs. Eight residues were identified as important for triphosphatase activity. These were Glu-305, Glu-307, and Phe-310 in motif A (IELEMKF); Arg-454 and Lys-456 in motif B (RTK); Glu-492, Glu-494, and Glu-496 in motif C (EVELE). Four acidic residues, Glu-305, Glu-307, Glu-494, and Glu-496, may comprise the metal-binding site(s), insofar as their replacement by glutamine inactivated Cet1p. E492Q retained triphosphatase activity. Basic residues Arg-454 and Lys-456 in motif B are implicated in binding to the 5'-triphosphate. Changing Arg-454 to alanine or glutamine resulted in a 30-fold increase in the K(m) for ATP, whereas substitution with lysine increased K(m) 6-fold. Changing Lys-456 to alanine or glutamine increased K(m) an order of magnitude; ATP binding was restored when arginine was introduced. Alanine in lieu of Phe-310 inactivated Cet1p, whereas Tyr or Leu restored function. Alanine mutations at aliphatic residues Leu-306, Val-493, and Leu-495 resulted in thermal instability in vivo and in vitro. A second S. cerevisiae RNA triphosphatase/NTPase (named Cth1p) containing motifs A, B, and C was identified and characterized. Cth1p activity was abolished by E87A and E89A mutations in motif A. Cth1p is nonessential for yeast growth and, by itself, cannot fulfill the essential role played by Cet1p in vivo. Yet, fusion of Cth1p in cis to the guanylyltransferase domain of mammalian capping enzyme allowed Cth1p to complement growth of cet1Delta yeast cells. This finding illustrates that mammalian guanylyltransferase can be used as a vehicle to deliver enzymes to nascent pre-mRNAs in vivo, most likely through its binding to the phosphorylated CTD of RNA polymerase II.
Compatible Value Gradients for Reinforcement Learning of Continuous Deep Policies (2015)

This paper proposes GProp, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm for continuous policies with compatible function approximation. The algorithm is based on two innovations. Firstly, we present a temporal-difference based method for learning the gradient of the value-function. Secondly, we present the deviator-actor-critic (DAC) model, which comprises three neural networks that estimate the value function, its gradient, and determine the actor's policy respectively. We evaluate GProp on two challenging tasks: a contextual bandit problem constructed from nonparametric regression datasets that is designed to probe the ability of reinforcement learning algorithms to accurately estimate gradients; and the octopus arm, a challenging reinforcement learning benchmark. GProp is competitive with fully supervised methods on the bandit task and achieves the best performance to date on the octopus arm.