gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perfluorocarbon-associated gas exchange (1991)

Perfluorocarbon-associated gas exchange was uniformly well tolerated, and its efficiency approached that of continuous positive-pressure breathing. Applications of perfluorocarbon technology to lung disease may not be limited by existing instrumentation.
Air-stable Ir-(P-Phos) complex for highly enantioselective hydrogenation of quinolines and their immobilization in poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (DMPEG) (2005)

An air-stable catalyst system Ir-(P-Phos) catalyst was found to be highly effective in the asymmetric hydrogenation of quinoline derivatives. The catalyst immobilized in DMPEG was efficiently recovered and reused eight times, retaining reactivity and enantioselectivity.
Functionalization of Particle Surface (2003)

A precise surface design of particle, based on the quantitative evaluation between micro physical and macro physical properties on particle surface, is paid to attention in the background of the demand of preparing the high performance material in recent year. In this paper, the knowledge and the method for preparing the particle surface which had aimed physical properties were reviewed. The basic knowledge concerning a real particle surface was introduced at first. Some cases of preparing the functional particle surface by a precise surface design were shown. The positive use of the particle surface such as photo catalysis was also introduced.
The Influence of Thermal Treatment of Controlled Porous Glasses (CPG) on the Properties of N-Octadecanol Surface Films (1985)

Article The Influence of Thermal Treatment of Controlled Porous Glasses (CPG) on the Properties of N-Octadecanol Surface Films was published on February 1, 1985 in the journal Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (volume 266O, issue 1).
Capillary-free area of the fovea with advancing age. (1977)

The mean diameter of the capillary-free zone of the fovea was measured on fluorescein angiograms of 167 eyes of 158 patients. In all eyes examined, a clear-cut capillary-free area was found, although in a few cases one or two capillaries crossing the avascular zone were seen. There was a considerable individual variation in each age group. The mean diameter of the capillary-free zone was 0.53 mm. in patients between 10 and 39 years of age and 0.61 mm. after the age of 40. This difference is statistically highly significant (p less than 0.001), indicating some occlusion or atrophy of the macular capillaries by age, but no further increase in the mean diameter of the avascular zone was observed during the fifth decade or later. Findings in the two youngest patients, 12 and 22 months of age, were roughly comparable with those observed in adults.
In stent restenosis: bane of the stent era (2006)

The long term outcome of stent implantation is affected by a process called in stent restenosis (ISR). Multiple contributory factors have been identified, but clear understanding of the overall underlying mechanism remains an enigma. ISR progresses through several different phases and involves numerous cellular and molecular constituents. Platelets and macrophages play a central role via vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in the intima to produce neointimal hyperplasia, which is pathognomic of ISR. Increased extracellular matrix formation appears to form the bulk of the neointimal hyperplasia tissue. Emerging evidence of the role of inflammatory cytokines and suppressors of cytokine signalling make this an exciting and novel field of antirestenosis research. Activation of Akt pathway triggered by mechanical stretch may also be a contributory factor to ISR formation. Prevention of ISR appears to be a multipronged attack as no therapeutic "magic bullet" exists to block all the processes in one go.
Effects of gentamicin solution and cream on the healing of open wounds (1984)

When 0.1% gentamicin solution was applied to full-thickness skin wounds of dogs, the wounds became smaller by contraction during the first 7 days and continued to contract over the next 14 days. Wounds treated with 0.1% gentamicin cream enlarged during the first 7 days, followed by wound contraction over the next 14 days. The wounds treated with gentamicin solution also had more epithelialization at 7 days than did the cream-treated wounds; however, epithelialization of the 2 types of wounds was similar at 14 and at 21 days. Gentamicin solution and cream were effective in controlling bacterial growth on wounds when compared with the bacterial growth on the control wounds (not treated with antibiotics).
Effect of TiH<sub>2</sub> on the Microstructures and Refining Performance of Al-Ti-C Master Alloy (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
cAMP enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA stability in cardiac myocytes (1995)

The effects of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) on cardiac myocyte nitric oxide (NO) production were studied. Maximal nitrite (NO2(-)) production by cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes was achieved with 500 U/ml interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) for 48 h (4.6 +/- 0.3 nmol/1.25 x 10(5) cells; n = 12). Cardiac myocytes exposed to 500 U/ml IL-1 beta for 48 h stained positively for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by immunohistochemistry. Forskolin (FSK; adenylate cyclase stimulator) or dibutyryl cAMP (DBcAMP; membrane-permeable cAMP analogue) administration alone had no effect on NO2(-) production. The addition of FSK or DBcAMP to IL-1 beta significantly increased NO2-) levels vs. IL-1 beta alone (9.7 +/- 0.6 and 10.9 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.6 +/- 0.3 nmol/1.25 x 10(5) cells per 48 h, respectively; P < 0.01; n = 12). Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed increased iNOS mRNA in myocytes treated with FSK+IL-1 beta or DBcAMP+IL-1 beta vs. those treated with IL-1 beta alone. The addition of FSK or DBcAMP to IL-1 beta increased iNOS mRNA half-life over IL-1 beta treatment alone (10.6, 11.7 vs. 2.4 h, respectively). Cardiac myocytes do not express iNOS in response to cAMP alone. Rather, cAMP enhances iNOS mRNA stability following cytokine exposure.
Multi-center transferability of a breath-hold T2 technique for myocardial iron assessment (2008)

The breath-hold myocardial T2 technique is transferable between Siemens scanners with good intersite and local interstudy reproducibility. This technique may have value in the diagnosis and management of patients with iron overload conditions such as thalassemia.
Immunotherapies and Combination Strategies for Immuno-Oncology (2020)

The advent of novel immunotherapies in the treatment of cancers has dramatically changed the landscape of the oncology field. Recent developments in checkpoint inhibition therapies, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, and cancer vaccines have shown immense promise for significant advancements in cancer treatments. Immunotherapies act on distinct steps of immune response to augment the body's natural ability to recognize, target, and destroy cancerous cells. Combination treatments with immunotherapies and other modalities intend to activate immune response, decrease immunosuppression, and target signaling and resistance pathways to offer a more durable, long-lasting treatment compared to traditional therapies and immunotherapies as monotherapies for cancers. This review aims to briefly describe the rationale, mechanisms of action, and clinical efficacy of common immunotherapies and highlight promising combination strategies currently approved or under clinical development. Additionally, we will discuss the benefits and limitations of these immunotherapy approaches as monotherapies as well as in combination with other treatments.
Combined biophysical and soluble factor modulation induces cardiomyocyte differentiation from human muscle derived stem cells (2014)

Cellular cardiomyoplasty has emerged as a novel therapy to restore contractile function of injured failing myocardium. Human multipotent muscle derived stem cells (MDSC) can be a potential abundant, autologous cell source for cardiac repair. However, robust conditions for cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation are not well established for this cell type. We have developed a new method for CM differentiation from human MDSC that combines 3-dimensional artificial muscle tissue (AMT) culture with temporally controlled biophysical cell aggregation and delivery of 4 soluble factors (microRNA-206 inhibitor, IWR-1, Lithium Chloride, and BMP-4) (4F-AG-AMT). The 4F-AG-AMT displayed cardiac-like response to β-adrenergic stimulation and contractile properties. 4F-AG-AMT expressed major cardiac (NKX2-5, GATA4, TBX5, MEF2C) transcription factors and structural proteins. They also express cardiac gap-junction protein, connexin-43, similar to CMs and synchronized spontaneous calcium transients. These results highlight the importance of temporal control of biophysical and soluble factors for CM differentiation from MDSCs.
Attenuated Peptide YY Release in Obese Subjects Is Associated with Reduced Satiety (2005)

The responses of the gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) to food were investigated in 20 normal-weight and 20 obese humans in response to six test meals of varying calorie content. Human volunteers had a graded rise in plasma PYY (R2 = 0.96; P < 0.001) during increasing calorific meals, but the obese subjects had a lower endogenous PYY response at each meal size (P < 0.05 at all levels). The ratio of plasma PYY(1-36) to PYY(3-36) was similar in normal-weight and obese subjects. The effect on food intake and satiety of graded doses of exogenous PYY(3-36) was also evaluated in 12 human volunteers. Stepwise increasing doses of exogenous PYY(3-36) in humans caused a graded reduction in food intake (R2 = 0.38; P < 0.001). In high-fat-fed (HF) mice that became obese and low-fat-fed mice that remained normal weight, we measured plasma PYY, tissue PYY, and PYY mRNA levels and assessed the effect of exogenous administered PYY(3-36) on food intake in HF mice. HF mice remained sensitive to the anorectic effects of exogenous ip PYY(3-36). Compared with low-fat-fed fed mice, the HF mice had lower endogenous plasma PYY and higher tissue PYY but similar PYY mRNA levels, suggesting a possible reduction of PYY release. Thus, fasting and postprandial endogenous plasma PYY levels were attenuated in obese humans and rodents. The PYY(3-36) infusion study showed that the degree of plasma PYY reduction in obese subjects were likely associated with decreased satiety and relatively increased food intake. We conclude that obese subjects have a PYY deficiency that would reduce satiety and could thus reinforce their obesity.
Influence of cell spreading and contractility on stiffness measurements using AFM (2012)

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is widely used for measuring mechanical properties of cells, and to understand how cells respond to their mechanical environments. A standard method for obtaining cell stiffness from experimental force–indentation curves is based on the simplified Hertz theory developed for studying the indentation of a semi-infinite elastic body by a spherical punch, assumptions that do not hold for biological cells. The modified Hertz theory developed by Dimitriadis et al., which takes the finite sample height into account, is widely used by experimentalists for greater accuracy. However, neither of these two models account for the finite lateral spread of the cells and cellular contractility. In this paper, we address the influence of cell geometry, cell pre-stress, and nuclear properties on cell stiffness measurements by modeling indentation of a cell of prescribed geometry with a spherical AFM probe using the finite element method. Using parametric studies, we develop scaling relationships between the effective stiffness probed by AFM and the bulk cell stiffness, taking cell and tip geometry into account. Taken together, our results demonstrate the need to take cell geometry into account while estimating the cell stiffness and provide simple expressions for doing so.
Multiresolution nonlocal means method for image denoising (2010)

In this paper, a multiresolution nonlocal means method for noise removal is presented. The proposed method remove coarse grain noise and fine grain noise in different resolution in different resolution with two filters for low frequency and high frequency components. Test on simulated image and real noisy images are given. Comparisons to some related methods show the performance of the proposed method.
Qualification, monitoring, and integration into a production environment of the world's first fully programmable illuminator (2011)

This paper will describe the development, qualification, monitoring, and integration into a production environment of the world's first fully programmable illuminator for optical lithography. FlexRay <sup>TM</sup>, a programmable illuminator based on a MEMs multi-mirror array that was developed for TWINSCAN XT:19x0i and TWINSCAN NXT series ASML immersion scanners, was first installed in January 2010 at Albany Nanotech, with subsequent tools installed in IBM's East Fishkill Manufacturing facility. After a brief overview of the concept and benefits of FlexRay, this paper will provide a comprehensive assessment of its reliability and imaging performance. A CD-based pupil qualification (CDPQ) procedure will be introduced and shown to be an efficient and effective way to monitor pupil performance. Various CDPQ and in-resist measurement results will be described, offering convincing evidence that FlexRay reliably generates high-quality pupils and is well suited for high volume manufacturing at lithography's leading edge.
A Nondispersive Electron Energy Analyzer for ESCA (1973)

The energy analyzer described is of the spherical mirror-spherical grid retarding potential type. It obtains high resolution through a small energy overlap between low energy pass and high energy pass filter functions. The first filter is a spherical electron mirror operating slightly off-axis in a reflection mode. The second filter is a conventional spherical grid retarding field operating in transmission. Unlike other narrow bandpass monochromators, acceptance angle does not affect resolution and can be made to yield high luminosity. In addition, the resolution varies as the square of the entrance aperture dimension; hence larger entrance aperture areas can be used than for dispersive electron energy analyzers of similar size. This analyzer is examined theoretically, and experimental results as applied to ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) are presented.
Tissue Distribution and Intracellular Localisation of the 75‐kDa Inositol Polyphosphate 5‐Phosphatase (1995)

The 75-kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (75-kDa 5-phosphatase) hydrolyses several important mediators of intracellular calcium homeostasis, including inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate [Ins(1,3,4,5)P4] and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]. Northern analysis of various human tissues revealed the 75-kDa 5-phosphatase has a ubiquitous expression, where differential splicing may occur in specific tissues. Prominent expression of a 4.4-kb transcript was noted in human lung, thymus, testes and placenta, and a 4.6-kb transcript was observed in heart, brain, kidney, ovary and colon. Determination of the intracellular location of the enzyme by indirect immunofluorescence, demonstrated that the 75-kDa 5-phosphatase was associated with mitochondrial and cytosolic cellular compartments. Immunoprecipitation of the total cell homogenate of human lung carcinoma cells (A549) with anti-(recombinant 75-kDa 5-phosphatase) antibodies revealed that the 75-kDa 5-phosphatase is the major PtdIns(4,5)P2 5-phosphatase in this cell line. Analysis of PtdIns(4,5)P2 5-phosphatase activity in subcellular fractions of A549 cells revealed peak 75-kDa 5-phosphatase enzyme activity in the cytosolic and mitochondrial enriched fractions. Immunoblot analysis further confirmed the mitochondrial location of the enzyme. This study demonstrates the tissue distribution and intracellular location of the 75-kDa 5-phosphatase and reveals a novel location for an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol turnover.
Host preference of the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis populations from India* (1991)

Host specificity study of 28 populations of Radopholus similis was done. Designated 17 host differentials to identify races of R. similis. The host differentials are coconut (Cv. Laccadive Micro), arecanut (Var. Mangala), banana (Cv. Njalipoovan and Var. Robusta), black pepper (Var. Panniyur-1), nutmeg (Cv. Local), clove (Cv. Local), cardamom (Cv. Vazhukka), tea War. Ca-150), coffee (Cv. San Ramon), avocado (Cv. Furte), citrus (Cv. Musambi), pineapple (Cvs. Mauritius and Kew), sweet potato (Var. H-268) and sugarcane (Vars. Co. 449 and Co. 997). Ten races of R. similis in south India were identified among the 28 populations on the basis of their multiplication on the 17 identified host differentials. Citrus, clove, pineapple and sugarcane var. Co. 997 were immune to all the 28 populations. Race I multiplied on all the 11 susceptible differentials. Nutmeg was immune to race II and nutmeg and tea were immune to race III. Race IV did not multiply on avocado and nutmeg. Black pepper was immune to race V. Race VI did not multiply on banana Cv. Njalipoovan but it multiplied on tissue cultured banana Var. Robusta and nutmeg. In addition to banana Cv. Njalipoovan race VII did not multiplied on sugarcane Var. Co. 449, avocado, coffee and tea. Race VIII did not multiply on 4 differentials viz. black pepper, sugarcane, tea and nutmeg. Arecanut, tea and nutmeg were immune to race IX. In addition to arecanut and nutmeg, race X did not multiply on black pepper.
Parboil: A Revised Benchmark Suite for Scientific and Commercial Throughput Computing (2012)

The Parboil benchmarks are a set of throughput computing applications useful for studying the performance of throughput computing architecture and compilers. The name comes from the culinary term for a partial cooking process, which represents our belief that useful throughput computing benchmarks must be “cooked”, or preselected to implement a scalable algorithm with fine-grained paralle l tasks. But useful benchmarks for this field cannot be “fully cooked”, because the architectures and programming models and supporting tools are evolving rapidly enough that static benchmark codes will lose relevance very quickly. We have collected benchmarks from throughput computing application researchers in many different scientific and commercial fields including image processing, biomolec ular simulation, fluid dynamics, and astronomy. Each benchmark includes several implementations. Some implementations we provide as readable base implementations from which new optimization efforts can begin, and others as examples of the current state-of-the-art targeting specific CPU and GPU architectures. As we continue to optimiz e these benchmarks for new and existing architectures ourselves, we will also gladly accept new implementations and benchmark contributions from developers to recognize those at the frontier of performance optimization on each architecture. Finally, by including versions of varying levels of optimization of the same fundamental algorithm, the benchmarks present opportunities to demonstrate tools and architectures that help programmers get the most out of their parallel hardware. Less optimized versions are presented as challenges to the compiler and architecture research communities: to develop the technology that automatically raises the performance of simpler implementations to the performance level of sophisticated programmer-optimized implementations, or demonstrate any other performance or programmability improvements. We hope that these benchmarks will facilitate effective demonstrations of such technology.
Rejuvenation of Turbine Blade Material by Thermal Treatment. (1979)

Abstract : This report describes a two phase program designed to investigate the feasibility of applying thermal treatments at some fraction of a turbine blade's life to heal accumulated fatigue and creep damage thereby extending useful blade life. Test evaluations were conducted on cast test bars of two nickel-base superalloys: conventionally cast (CC) In 100 alloy and directionally solidified (DS) MAR-M200 + Hf. In Phase I, creep testing of cast specimens was used to select suitable rejuvenation heat treatments based upon recoverable creep life and strain. The effect of creep strain and subsequent rejuvenation on minimum mechnical property requirements and the maximum recoverable creep strain was also determined. In addition, the use of eddy current inspection was investigated as a method to provide specific NDI criteria for selection of components suitable for rejuvenation processing. The Phase II effort included determinations of the effectiveness of rejuvenation heat treatments in recovering repeated creep strain damage and in recovering specific amounts of low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue life. In addition, the effects of rejuvenation heat treatments in recovering cumulative creep/fatigue strain damage was determined. Finally an assessment was made of the technical and economic feasibility for extending useful turbine blade life by rejuvenation thermal treatments. (Author)
FK-506 Delays Corneal Graft Rejection in a Model of Corneal Xenotransplantation (1996)

FK-506 is a relatively new immunosuppressant similar in action to cyclosporine A, but is much more potent. Its primary action is against T lymphocytes, the major cellular component in corneal allograft rejection. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the ability of topical and systemic FK-506 in preventing corneal xenograft rejection in an experimental animal model. Cross-species xenotransplants were used as the most vigorous stimulus to induce corneal rejection. Corneas derived from Hartley guinea pigs were transplanted into the left eyes of 32 male Lewis rats. Topical treatment was administered by using FK-506 0.3 mg/ml in a cyclodextrin suspension or vehicle (cyclodextrin suspension) four times per day. For systemic treatment, 0.5 mg/kg/day of FK-506 or vehicle (saline) was administered intraperitoneally. Treatments were started 60 minutes after surgery and continued for 21 days. The grafts underwent a double-masked examination, and a score was given for clarity, edema, and vascularization. The animals were sacrificed 21 days after transplantation. The control groups had allograft rejection after 6.75 +/- 0.31 (topical vehicle) and after 7.37 +/- 0.32 (systemic vehicle) days. The FK-506-treated groups showed allograft rejection after 14 +/- 0.88 (topical FK-506) or after 16.25 +/- 1.23 (systemic FK-506) days. In addition, FK-506-treated rats manifested less corneal neovascularization than control animals. We conclude that systemic or topical FK-506 is effective in prolonging xenograft survival in the rat keratoplasty model.