gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Dose-Ranging Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, Population Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of Oral Torezolid Phosphate in Patients with Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections (2010)

Torezolid (TR-700) is the active moiety of the prodrug torezolid phosphate ([TP] TR-701), a second-generation oxazolidinone with 4- to 16-fold greater potency than linezolid against Gram-positive species including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A double-blind phase 2 study evaluated three levels (200, 300, or 400 mg) of oral, once-daily TP over 5 to 7 days for complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI). Patients 18 to 75 years old with cSSSI caused by suspected or confirmed Gram-positive pathogens were randomized 1:1:1. Of 188 treated patients, 76.6% had abscesses, 17.6% had extensive cellulitis, and 5.9% had wound infections. S. aureus, the most common pathogen, was isolated in 90.3% of patients (139/154) with a baseline pathogen; 80.6% were MRSA. Cure rates in clinically evaluable patients were 98.2% at 200 mg, 94.4% at 300 mg, and 94.4% at 400 mg. Cure rates were consistent across diagnoses, regardless of lesion size or the presence of systemic signs of infection. Clinical cure rates in patients with S. aureus isolated at baseline were 96.6% overall and 96.8% for MRSA. TP was safe and well tolerated at all dose levels. No patients discontinued treatment due to an adverse event. Three-stage hierarchical population pharmacokinetic modeling yielded a geometric mean clearance of 8.28 liters/h (between-patient variability, 32.3%), a volume of the central compartment of 71.4 liters (24.0%), and a volume of the peripheral compartment of 27.9 liters (35.7%). Results of this study show a high degree of efficacy at all three dose levels without significant differences in the safety profile and support the continued evaluation of TP for the treatment of cSSSI in phase 3 trials.
Wideband High-Gain Double-Sided Dielectric Lens Integrated With a Dual-Bowtie Antenna (2020)

A dual-bowtie antenna loaded with a double-sided dielectric lens is presented for wideband and high gain performance. The dielectric lens is a combination of the elliptical and conical frustum lenses formed on two sides (top and bottom) of a rectangular dielectric block, respectively. The conical frustum lens is mounted at the backside of the bowtie radiator to collect the radiated energy toward the elliptical lens. The bowtie antenna is fed by a coplanar strip (CPS) taper connected to a CPS-to-microstrip line (MSL) transition. The proposed lens-integrated antenna is fabricated and measured to have an operating bandwidth of 20.5-40.0 GHz. The antenna offers a peak gain of 15.1 dB. Also, the use of the double-sided dielectric lens helps to reduce the lens size of the equivalent gain by 31%. The overall size of the proposed lens antenna is 940 × 940 × 1008 mil.
A tandem radio-frequency plasma torch (1988)

The flow and temperature fields in a tandem radio-frequency (rf) plasma torch were calculated. The method employed here is based on our previous rf plasma model. The flow and temperature fields of this tandem plasma show similar features to those of a dc-rf hybrid plasma, and the carrier gas can be injected into the high-temperature region (∼9000 °C) of the second plasma by regulating the linear velocity of the sheath gas. As might be expected, the derived results suggest that the tandem plasma has a possibility to give higher efficiencies for practical processing than conventional rf plasmas. A new type of tandem rf plasma torch was designed based on the results of the calculations. The stability of this plasma was examined under various conditions. Thus, a stable plasma could be maintained even when carrier gas of high flow rate (∼5 ℓ/min of H2) was injected into the top of the second plasma. These theoretical and experimental investigations showed that the tandem plasma torch is an effective reactor for the preparation of refractory compounds by plasma chemical vapor deposition processes.
Learning Subject Areas by Using Unsupervised Observation of Most Informative Terms in Text Databases (2014)

Much work has been done on automatic topic detection using learning by example techniques [1] but they are confined to assignment of terms onto a predetermined classes using some algorithms which are trained on some manually classified documents and most of them identify only text boundaries. But in the present we do not use any prior information for subject area identification. Here we scan most informative/prominent words from the corpus [2] and they are grouped using learning by observation techniques [3] and some of the well known distance measures [4,5] for subject area identification. We may use similarity measures like total divergence to the average [6], Bhattacharya co-efficient [7] for term similarities.
Dielectric relaxation and underlying dynamics of acetonitrile and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate mixtures using THz transmission spectroscopy (2002)

We use terahertz (THz) transmission spectroscopy to obtain the frequency dependent complex dielectric functions for pure acetonitrile, pure 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate (emim triflate, a room temperature molten salt), and mixtures of the two liquids. The behavior of the pure liquids is modeled with either two (acetonitrile) or three (emim triflate) Debye relaxations. We then discuss the interactions of the molten salt and solvent based on the modified Debye relaxations evident in the mixtures. We determine that at low molten salt concentrations, the mixtures behave like electrolyte solutions of a crystalline salt dissolved in a solvent. At higher molten salt concentrations, the behavior is that of a mixture of two liquids.
Chlorination of taurine by myeloperoxidase. Kinetic evidence for an enzyme-bound intermediate. (1994)

The chlorination of taurine by the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system was investigated under steady state conditions. By systematically varying the pH and the concentrations of H2O2,Cl-, and taurine such that chloride inhibition and the unwanted formation of inactive compound II intermediate are minimized, rate data were found to fit a mechanism involving an enzyme-bound chlorinating intermediate. The mechanism we propose is as follows. [formula: see text] The kinetic parameters determined at pH 4.7 are: k1 = (3.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(7) M-1 S-1, k2 = (2.8 +/- 1.2) x 10(6) M-1 S-1, and k3 = (4.4 +/- 0.2) x 10(5) M-1 S-1. The rate constant for compound I formation (k1) is of the same order of magnitude as the value (1.8 x 10(7) M-1 S-1) obtained using transient state techniques in a previous study by our group. The value of k3 is 2 orders of magnitude greater than the non-enzymatic reaction between HOCl and taurine at the same pH. The results of this study indicate that the chlorination reaction mediated by the myeloperoxidase system in vivo may involve an enzyme intermediate species rather than free HOCl. Not only does this mechanism offer the advantage of substrate specificity but also of speed compared to the non-enzymatic reaction. This mechanism can also explain how the indiscriminate oxidation reactions by HOCl are prevented in the leukocyte. The fast formation of taurine monochloramine, a relatively non-toxic and stable compound compared to HOCl, is consistent with the proposed role of taurine in the neutrophil, that of protecting certain targets including myeloperoxidase from the attack by potent chlorinated oxidants.
ADC bandwidth optimization in coherent optical polarization multiplexing quadrature phase-shift keying system (2009)

Numerical simulations were conducted to study the performance of a 112Gbit/s coherent polarization multiplexing (PolMux) quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) system. We addressed the bit resolution, bandwidth of analog-to-digital converters (ADC) in the presence of all chromatic dispersion, polarization-mode dispersion and imperfect laser frequency offset. Both return-to-zero (RZ) and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) QPSK waveforms are taken into account, while the filter type of ADC is assumed to have a Gaussian frequency response. An ADC with 6-bit resolution is found to be sufficient for 112Gbit/s PolMux QPSK transmission. And simulation results show that the ratio of optimum bandwidth of ADC to symbol rate is 0.5 for both RZ- and NRZ-QPSK formats when the 1st-order Gaussian frequency response of ADCs is assumed.
BMP4 is a novel paracrine inhibitor of liver regeneration (2012)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members exert strong effects on restoration of liver mass after injury. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β family and are found in the liver, suggesting that these proteins may play a role in liver regeneration. We examined BMP signaling in the liver during hepatectomy. We found that BMP4 is constitutively expressed in the peribiliary stroma and endothelial cells of the liver and that expression is decreased after hepatectomy. Mice driven to maintain BMP4 expression in the liver display inhibited hepatocyte proliferation and restoration of liver mass after hepatectomy, suggesting that reduced BMP4 is necessary for normal regeneration. Consistent with this finding, hepatocyte-specific deletion of the BMP receptor activin receptor-like kinase 3 (Alk3) enhances regeneration and reduces phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8, a transducer of BMP signaling. In contrast to experiments in wild-type mice, maintaining BMP4 levels has no effect on liver regeneration in hepatocyte-specific Alk3 null mice, providing evidence that BMP4 signals through Alk3 to inhibit liver regeneration. Consistent with these findings, the BMP4 antagonist Noggin enhances regeneration. Furthermore, high-dose BMP4 inhibits proliferation of primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells in culture. These findings elucidate a new, potentially clinically relevant paradigm in which a constitutively expressed paracrine inhibitory factor plays a critical role in liver regeneration.
Effects of leading-edge radius and maximum thickness-chord ratio on the variation with Mach number of the aerodynamic characteristics of several thin NACA airfoil sections (1954)

A wind-tunnel Investigation hasbeen Ju3de to &etemline theeffects --- of leading-edge radius andmaximum thickness-chord ratioon thevariation withMachnunher of theaerodynamic characteristics of several thin symmetrical NAcA&Ligit-series airfoil sections.T@ Machnumber range of theinvestigation wasfrom0.3toa~proximately O.9andthecorresponding Reynolds number rangefromapproximately 1 x lCF to 2 x l&.Thevariations withMachnumber of thelift,drag,andTitching mommt fora &percent-chord-thick airfoil sect ionarenotsignif icantly affected by a change of leading-edge radius from0.18to0.53percent of thechord.A s3milar conclusion canYe drawnfora leadi~dge-radius variation from0.10-toO.4Qercent chordon a &percent+ herd-thick section.Wogressive @rovementof thevariation of llf t-curve slope with Machnunber, theliftanddrag4ivergence characteristics, andthemximumsection liftcharacteristics at Machnuuibers a%ove0.6resultsfrom reduction of thbmimum thicknes~hord ratiofrom10 to 4 percent.Section pitchiexmnt characteristics arenotgreatly affected %y variationof themaximum thiclmess+hord ratfo. INI'RODU3TIONTo investigate theinfluence of airfoil leading-edge radius on the variation withMachnumber of theaerodynamic characteristics of thin & 'Supersedes NACARMA50EQ4, "Effects of Leading+dge Radius andMaxim P ThicknesHhord Ratioon theVsriation WithMachNumberof theAercq dynamic Characteristics of Several ThfnNACAAirfoil Sections" by
Elimination of chaos in an intracavity-doubled Nd:YAG laser (1990)

We predict theoretically a stable configuration for the operation of a multimode, intracavity-doubled, diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. Experimental results are presented that demonstrate the elimination of chaotic amplitude fluctuations by rotatory alignment of the KTP crystal.
LP‐12: <i>Late‐News Poster:</i> Color In‐plane EPD Using an Anisotropic Scattering Layer (2004)

Abstract This paper describes the first research prototype of color in‐plane electrophoretic display. Characteristic of optical performance is improved by incorporating an anisotropic scattering layer instead of an isotropic scattering layer. The reflectance of a white state is 35% at an illumination angle of 30° and a detector angle of 0° to the surface normal. The color coordinate does not change very much differently from the reflective LCD while changing an illumination angle from 70° to 30°.
Macro Rings. II. Polynuclear Paracyclophanes<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacro Rings. II. Polynuclear Paracyclophanes1H. Steinberg and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 21, 5388–5391Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01141a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01141a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preclinical Pharmacologic Evaluation of MST-997, an Orally Active Taxane with Superior <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> Efficacy in Paclitaxel- and Docetaxel-Resistant Tumor Models (2006)

MST-997 represents a potent and orally active microtubule-stabilizing agent that has greater pharmacologic efficacy in vitro and in vivo than the currently approved taxanes. Our findings suggest that MST-997, which has entered phase I clinical trials, may have broad therapeutic value.
PML nuclear bodies: dynamic sensors of DNA damage and cellular stress (2004)

Promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs) are generally present in all mammalian cells, and their integrity correlates with normal differentiation of promyelocytes. Mice that lack PML NBs have impaired immune function, exhibit chromosome instability and are sensitive to carcinogens. Although their direct role in nuclear activity is unclear, PML NBs are implicated in the regulation of transcription, apoptosis, tumour suppression and the anti-viral response. An emerging view is that they represent sites where multi-subunit complexes form and where post-translational modification of regulatory factors, such as p53, occurs in response to cellular stress. Following DNA damage, several repair factors transit through PML NBs in a temporally regulated manner implicating these bodies in DNA repair. We propose that PML NBs are dynamic sensors of cellular stress, which rapidly disassemble following DNA damage into large supramolecular complexes, dispersing associated repair factors to sites of damage. The dramatically increased total surface area available would enhance interactions between PML-associated factors regulating DNA repair and apoptosis.
Oral Glatiramer Acetate in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Clinical and Immunological Studies (2004)

Glatiramer acetate (GA, Copaxone, copolymer 1) for injection is an approved drug for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The clinical and immunological effects of GA were extensively studied in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the experimental animal model for MS. The effect of oral administration of GA was tested in both rodents and primates in acute as well as in chronic relapsing (CR) models of EAE. Oral GA was found to suppress acute EAE induced in rats, mice, and rhesus monkeys. The effect of GA was also tested in several models of CR-EAE: proteolipid protein and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein induced CR-EAE in mice, CR-EAE in Biozzi mice, and CR-EAE in cynomolgus monkeys. In all the murine models, oral treatment with GA initiated at the peak of first relapse reduced the severity of disease and suppressed further relapses. Suppression of EAE with oral GA was associated with marked inhibition of spleen cell proliferation and Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) response to the respective autoantigens. GA-specific T cell lines of the Th2/3 type that inhibit EAE induction in vivo, similarly to those induced by injection of GA, could be isolated from spleens of GA-fed mice and rats. Furthermore, as demonstrated previously for GA-specific cells induced by the parenteral route, the orally induced GA-specific cells accumulate in the CNS and secrete in situ Th2 cytokines in response to both GA and MBP as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Although a clinical trial in MS with two doses of oral GA in enteric-coated tablets did not show a significant effect either at the clinical or immunological level, the results presented here suggest that oral GA may still be developed into a therapeutic modality in MS.
Tritium System Concepts for the Next European Torus Project (1985)

AbstractA preliminary selection of elements in the DT fuel cycle of the NET device is described. These elements form part of the reference concept intended to identify research and development priorities for the European Fusion Technology program, and provide a framework for the further definition of the NET design. With the exception of the vacuum train, the engineering concepts of process elements described are relatively straightforward. However, the detailed engineering design depends on physical and chemical properties of tritium and its compounds that are not always available.
Employment Conditions and Induction Opportunities (1987)

Summary Teachers who were newly‐trained in Northern Ireland in 1985 and who found employment in teaching were classified, according to their conditions of appointment, as permanent, stably temporary or variably temporary. The participation of these teachers in both externally organised and school‐based induction programmes and their response to these arrangements were analysed by type and size of school. The teachers who benefited least from induction were the variably temporary, whose teaching experience was typically for a short period, often in different schools. Those who benefited most were the permanently employed. While school size had less effect than anticipated, teachers in the primary school sector were at a double disadvantage by comparison with those in the secondary sector. Not only had they less time set aside for school‐based induction activities; they participated less in the external courses which were designed to compensate for that limited in‐school provision. The consequences for indu...
Molecular biotherapy with human monoclonal antibodies. (1988)

Human monoclonal antibodies are theoretically superior to murine monoclonal antibodies for many reasons. However, there are many hurdles in their preparation and clinical use, including the source of B lymphocytes, immortalization techniques, screening methods, scale-up limitations, purification steps, and the problems associated with conjugating to cytotoxic substances. Chimeric mouse/human antibodies are an alternative approach. Optimum clinical utilization will require a better understanding of target antigens and the ability to formulate cocktails.
The ``Braid'' Transformer Memory (1966)

This report describes a read-only digital computer memory which utilizes a loom to ``braid'' information into a wire harness. The memory is called a braid memory and is a variation on the type of transformer memory first described by T. L. Dimond. Such memories are useful when permanence of information is desirable. Braids for the memory described in this report were made at the rate of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> bits/hour including connections. The use of a loom makes braid manufacture both a fast and an economical process. A number of trade-offs between speed, capacity, and component count exist; hence, braid memories with many different characteristics can be made. The memory described in this report has a capacity of 16 384 words of 16 bits each.
Reovirus-Like Sequences Isolated from Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid, (Hemiptera: Psyllidae:<i>Diaphorina citri</i>) (2009)

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psyllidae), has been identified as a damaging pest and an efficient vector of the plant infecting bacterium (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) which is strongly associated with the disease Huanglongbing (HLB), known as 'Citrus greening disease'. Huanglongbing has caused extensive economic losses in the citrus industries worldwide. Traditional control measures of the psyllid have proven to be ineffective and costly. Biological control measures have been shown to provide environmentally friendly management tools for insect pests. In this study, an expression library was prepared from adult psyllids in search of new pathogens that can be use as biological control agents. We identified 2 viral sequences: one 616 base pairs and a second, 792 base pairs. Both had significant similarity to viruses within the insect Reovirus group. Phylogenetic and homology comparisons indicated that the viral sequences were most closely related to the viruses in the Family Reoviridae, Genus Fijivirus, specifically Nilaparvata lugens reovirus, NLRV.
Indomethacin increases BP in hypertensive patients controlled with an ace inhibitor (1999)

Bacbround:
Oral Intake of Collagen Peptide Attenuates Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Dehydration In Vivo by Regulating Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis (2018)

Collagen peptide (CP) has beneficial effects on functions of the skin, such as skin barrier function and skin elasticity, in vivo. However, there are few studies investigating the mechanism underlying the potential effects of CP in skin epidermal moisturization after ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. In this study, we examined whether orally-administered CP affects the loss of skin hydration induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice. SKH-1 hairless mice were orally administered CP at two doses (500 and 1000 mg/kg) for nine weeks, and the dorsal skin was exposed to UVB. The potential effects of CP were evaluated by measuring the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, wrinkle formation, and hyaluronic acid expression in the dorsal mice skin. We found that oral administration of CP increased skin hydration and decreased wrinkle formation compared to the UVB-irradiated group. Treatment of CP increased the mRNA and protein expression of hyaluronic acid synthases (HAS-1 and -2) concomitant with an increased hyaluronic acid production in skin tissue. The expression of hyaluronidase (HYAL-1 and 2) mRNA was downregulated in the CP-treated group. In addition, the protein expression of skin-hydrating factors, filaggrin and involucrin, was upregulated via oral administration of CP. In summary, these results show that oral administration of CP increases hyaluronic acid levels, which decreases during UVB photoaging. Therefore, we suggest that CP can be used as a nutricosmetic ingredient with potential effects on UVB-induced skin dehydration and moisture loss in addition to wrinkle formation.