gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A specification of generic robotics software components: future evolutions of G/sup en//sub o/M in the Orocos context (2003)

Robotics systems and software are becoming more and more complex: the need of standard specifications is certainly a key issue in the near future. There is a need to define, from the software point of view, a generic robot. The Orocos project was started to address this problem. It aims at developing a set of robotics software in particular domains and, as a first step, will define a software framework to do that. This paper presents the future evolutions of G/sup en/oM (component generator) which we propose as a programming framework in the context of the project. G/sup en/oM proposes the definition of generic components that are used to implement robotics functionalities (vision, control, motion planning, ...), and the paper presents the definition of those components. They have been designed so that they can be connected together and externally controlled to form a modular functional layer on robots. We have defined three main entities of which components are made: a set of algorithms, an execution engine, and a communication library. The paper explains their role and presents a formal description language that let us achieves a real decoupling between code of the components (the algorithms) and the execution engine.
Experimental Staggered-Source and N+ Pocket-Doped Channel III–V Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors and Their Scalabilities (2011)

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate 100% enhancement in drive current (ION) over In0.53Ga0.47As n-channel homojunction tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) by replacing In0.53Ga0.47As source with a moderately staggered and lattice-matched GaAs0.5Sb0.5. The enhancement is also compared with In0.53Ga0.47As N+ pocket (δ)-doped channel homojunction TFET. Utilizing calibrated numerical simulations, we extract the effective scaling length (λeff) for the double gate, thin-body configuration of the staggered heterojunction and δ-doped channel TFETs. The extracted λeff is shown to be lower than the geometrical scaling length, particularly in the highly staggered-source heterojunction TFET due to the reduced channel side component of the tunnel junction width, resulting in improved device scalability.
Mobile device to cloud co-processing of ASL finger spelling to text conversion (2013)

Computer recognition of American Sign Language (ASL) is a computationally intensive task. This research investigates transcription of static ASL signs on a consumer-level mobile device. The application provides real-time sign to text translation by processing a live video stream to detect the ASL alphabet as well as custom signs to perform tasks on the device. The chosen classification algorithm uses Locality Preserving Projections (LPP) as manifold learning along with Support Vector Machine (SVM) multi-class classification. The algorithm is contrasted with and without cloud assistance. In comparison to the local mobile application, the cloud-assisted application increased classification speed, reduced memory us-age, and kept the network usage low while barely increasing the power required.
Detecting Fingerprinted Data in TLS Traffic (2015)

We present a new method for detecting known data in certain TLS encrypted communication channels. Our approach enables us to detect single files in eavesdropped TLS secured network traffic. We generate fingerprints by a fine-grained measurement of the entropy of fragments of known data and introduce the application of methods from the field of machine learning to the problem of file detection. We implement all proposed methods on a real data base and show the practical efficiency of our approach.
Molecular factors involved in the development of diabetic foot syndrome. (2012)

Diabetes is one of the major challenges of modern medicine, as it is considered a global epidemic of the XXI century. The disease often leads to the development of serious, health threatening complications. Diabetic foot syndrome is a characteristic set of anatomical and molecular changes. At the macroscopic level, major symptoms are neuropathy, ischemia and chronic ulceration of the lower limb. In every third patient, the neuropathy develops into Charcot neuroarthropathy characterized by bone and joints deformation. Interestingly, all these complications are a result of impaired healing processes and are characteristic for diabetes. The specificity of these symptoms comes from impaired molecular mechanisms observed in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Decreased wound and fracture healing reflect gene expression, cellular response, cell functioning and general metabolism. Here we present a comprehensive literature update on the molecular factors contributing to diabetic foot syndrome.
Columnar Lithium Metal Anodes (2017)

The rechargeable lithium metal anode is of utmost importance for high-energy-density batteries. Regulating the deposition/dissolution characteristics of Li metal is critical in both fundamental researches and practical applications. In contrast to gray Li deposits featured with dendritic and mossy morphologies, columnar and uniform Li is herein plated on lithium-fluoride (LiF)-protected copper (Cu) current collectors. The electrochemical properties strongly depended on the microscale morphologies of deposited Li, which were further embodied as macroscale colors. The as-obtained ultrathin and columnar Li anodes contributed to stable cycling in working batteries with a dendrite-free feature. This work deepens the fundamental understanding of the role of LiF in the nucleation/growth of Li and provides emerging approaches to stabilize rechargeable Li metal anodes.
GaN/AlN-based quantum-well infrared photodetector for 1.55 μm (2003)

We report optical absorption and photocurrent measurements on a GaN/AlN-based superlattice. The optical absorption has a full width at half maximum of 120 meV and takes place at an energy of 660 meV (5270 cm−1); this corresponds to a wavelength of 1.9 μm. While the optical absorption remained unchanged up to room temperature, the photocurrent signal could be observed up to 170 K. With respect to the optical absorption, the photocurrent peak was slightly blueshifted (710 meV/5670 cm−1) and had a narrower width of 115 meV. Using this quantum-well infrared photodetector, we were able to measure the spectrum of a 1.55 μm superluminescent light-emitting diode.
Evaluation of three commercial tick removal tools (1998)

Nymphal ticks were consistently removed more successfully with commercial tools when compared with tweezers but with more difficulty than adults were removed. The commercial tick removal tools tested are functional for removal of nymphs and adults and should be considered as viable alternatives to medium-tipped tweezers.
Gene Structure Prediction by Linguistic Methods (1994)

The higher-order structure of genes and other features of biological sequences can be described by means of formal grammars. These grammars can then be used by general-purpose parsers to detect and to assemble such structures by means of syntactic pattern recognition. We describe a grammar and parser for eukaryotic protein-encoding genes, which by some measures is as effective as current connectionist and combinatorial algorithms in predicting gene structures for sequence database entries. Parameters of the grammar rules are optimized for several different species, and mixing experiments are performed to determine the degree of species specificity and the relative importance of compositional, signal-based, and syntactic components in gene prediction.
Reactions of Steroidal Δ<sup>4</sup>-3-Ketones in the Presence of Phosphorus Trihalides<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of Steroidal Δ4-3-Ketones in the Presence of Phosphorus Trihalides1James A. Ross and Michael D. MartzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 9, 2784–2785Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01032a518https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01032a518research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advances in the Understanding of the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 – Focusing on the Inverse Agonists Interactions (2018)

Analysis of the structures involving inverse agonists and CB 1 revealed the pivotal role played by residues Phe 170 and Leu 359 in their interactions and the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds highlighting the importance of the exploration of intermolecular interactions in the development of novel inverse agonists.
Distributed Proving in Access-Control Systems (2005)

We present a distributed algorithm for assembling a proof that a request satisfies an access-control policy expressed in a formal logic, in the tradition of Lampson et al. (1992). We show analytically that our distributed proof-generation algorithm succeeds in assembling a proof whenever a centralized prover utilizing remote certificate retrieval would do so. In addition, we show empirically that our algorithm outperforms centralized approaches in various measures of performance and usability notably the number of remote requests and the number of user interruptions. We show that when combined with additional optimizations including caching and automatic tactic generation, which we introduce here, our algorithm retains its advantage, while achieving practical performance. Finally, we briefly describe the utilization of these algorithms as the basis for an access-control framework being deployed for use at our institution.
Time course comparison of cell-cycle protein expression following partial hepatectomy and WY14,643-induced hepatic cell proliferation in F344 rats (1997)

During recent years, there has been an extensive research focus in the area of cell-cycle control in eukaryotes and the relationship that exists between cell proliferation and cancer. The eukaryotic cell-cycle is governed by signal transduction pathways mediated by complexes of cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and their partner cyclin proteins. This study was performed to identify differences in cell-cycle control protein expression following physical and chemical stimuli of hepatic cell growth. Protein levels of cell cycle mediators, cyclin dependent kinases (CDK 1,2,4,5), cyclin proteins (A,B,D1-D3 and E), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), tumor suppressor proteins (p53 and Rb), and CDK inhibitory proteins (p16Ink4, p21Waf1 and p27Kip1) were examined in F344 rats following 70% partial hepatectomy or a single dose of WY14,643 over 96- and 48-h time courses, respectively. CDK1 (p34cdc2) and PCNA protein concentrations, quantified by ELISA, were significantly increased beginning at the 24-h time point and maximal at 48 h (6.9- and 3.7-fold for partial hepatectomy and 4.2- and 3.3-fold for WY14,643, respectively). Differential effects were observed with the G1 cell-cycle mediators CDK4, CDK5, and cyclin D3, p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 CDK inhibitory protein concentrations rose in accordance with the induction of DNA synthesis and histone H1 kinase activity. In addition, there were dramatic differences in p53 protein expression patterns following partial hepatectomy versus WY14,643 dosing. Because non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens are known to induce cellular proliferation, data generated from this study may aid in elucidating the specific hepatocarcinogenic signal transduction pathways stimulated by non-genotoxic carcinogens.
Liver-directed gene therapy: prospects and problems. (1994)

The development of strategies for gene therapy in the liver is a challenging task because this organ is particularly involved in the manifestation of numerous genetic diseases as well as in malignant and infectious diseases. Most of the available techniques for gene transfer were already applied to hepatocytes ex vivo. Attempts to retransplant retrovirally transduced hepatocytes back to patients have shown the limits of the ex vivo approach. The obvious alternative would be the development of suitable techniques for gene transfer in vivo. Both viral and non-viral delivery systems were tested in animal models with limited success. This article summarizes the state of the art of the available techniques and vectors and discusses the essential future developments.
Effect of supplementing <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> fermentation product in sow diets on reproductive performance in a commercial environment (2010)

Sows (n = 491) were used to determine the effects of dietary yeast culture (Diamond V Original XPC ™ ) on sow and litter performance in three treatments: (1) no added XPC, (2) 5 and 15 g d -1 XPC, and (3) 12 and 15 g d -1 XPC during gestation and lactation, respectively. Litter weight gain of multiparous sows fed XPC tended to be increased (P = 0.051), whereas that of primiparous sows was not affected. Days from wean to successful breeding of multiparous sows was reduced 35% (P < 0.05) by XPC. However, feeding a higher level of XPC during gestation resulted in no additional benefits.Key words: Litter weight gain, parity, sows, Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Tolcapone in Patients With Fluctuating Parkinson Disease Treated With Levodopa-Carbidopa (1998)

Tolcapone was well tolerated and substantially increased on time and reduced off time in patients with fluctuating Parkinson disease. Additionally, levodopa requirements were significantly decreased.
Synergistic Induction of <i>DOC-2/DAB2</i> Gene Expression in Transitional Cell Carcinoma in the Presence of GATA6 and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (2005)

The down-regulation of DOC-2/DAB2 gene, which encodes a unique phosphoprotein modulating signal pathways elicited by exogenous stimuli, is often associated with several cancer types; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Dramatically different expression levels of DOC-2/DAB2 mRNA and protein are observed among several human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines, suggesting that transcriptional regulation may play a role in these cells. In this study, we have shown that the histone acetylation status associated with the 5' upstream regulatory sequence of DOC-2/DAB2 gene is one of the key determinants for its gene expression. In addition, GATA6 but not other GATA family members, such as GATA2 and GATA4, can specifically induce DOC-2/DAB2 promoter activity, although GATA transcription factors share a very similar DNA-binding sequence. We also show that increased histone acetylation and the presence of GATA6 have a synergistic effect on DOC-2/DAB2 promoter activity, which results in the elevation of DOC-2/DAB2 protein expression. Thus, we conclude that transcriptional regulation of DOC-2/DAB2 gene in human TCC is determined by histone acetylation and a specific transcription factor (i.e., GATA6), which underlie the reduced DOC-2/DAB2 protein expression in TCC cells.
Force on a Bubble in a Standing Acoustic Wave (1968)

Bubbles can be trapped by a standing sound wave in a liquid. An expression is derived for the force exerted on a spherical bubble by the sound field, and experimental results are presented in support of the theory.
The presenilin hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: Evidence for a loss-of-function pathogenic mechanism (2006)

Dominantly inherited mutations in the genes encoding presenilins (PS) and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are the major causes of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prevailing view of AD pathogenesis posits that accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides, particularly Abeta42, is the central event triggering neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that loss of essential functions of PS could better explain dementia and neurodegeneration in AD. First, conditional inactivation of PS in the adult mouse brain causes progressive memory loss and neurodegeneration resembling AD, whereas mouse models based on overproduction of Abeta have failed to produce neurodegeneration. Second, whereas pathogenic PS mutations enhance Abeta42 production, they typically reduce Abeta40 generation and impair other PS-dependent activities. Third, gamma-secretase inhibitors can enhance the production of Abeta42 while blocking other gamma-secretase activities, thus mimicking the effects of PS mutations. Finally, PS mutations have been identified in frontotemporal dementia, which lacks amyloid pathology. Based on these and other observations, we propose that partial loss of PS function may underlie memory impairment and neurodegeneration in the pathogenesis of AD. We also speculate that Abeta42 may act primarily to antagonize PS-dependent functions, possibly by operating as an active site-directed inhibitor of gamma-secretase.
Electrostatic Demulsification on Crude Oil: A State-of-the-Art Review (2006)

Abstract Electrostatic coalescence is the most efficient water-in-crude-oil demulsifying technology having been adopted in upstream dehydration and downstream desalting operations. Significant improvements in the capacity and performance of existing crude oil dehydrators/desalters have been achieved through continuous improvement in the mechanism research, the electric field development, and the practice of pre-coalescing step. The first part of this paper presents the current understanding about the electrocoalescence mechanism of water droplet in crude oil emulsions up to now. Besides analyzing various forces acting on the water droplet at a macro-scale, it also discusses the influence of turbulent flow conditions and electric field voltage/frequency. The second part of this paper presents systematically some typical technologies in electrostatic demulsification process and online electrostatic pre-coalescers up to now. For the electrostatic dehydrator/desalter, the authors pay more attention to the composite plate electrode, PC-based Load Responsive Controller, improved feed-stream distribution and variable voltage/frequency electric field. The variable voltage/frequency technology is the tendency which makes it possible for the customer to adjust the voltage and frequency simultaneously according to the corresponding physical properties of the inlet crude oil stream, thus the dehydration efficiency will definitely be improved. The typical representatives of compact electrostatic pre-coalescer which have achieved successfully field trial results, such as CEC, IEC, VIEC, highlight the moderate turbulent flow in their corresponding proprietary technologies, rather than the power supply. Finally, some technological tendencies related with electrostatic coalescence of water-in-oil emulsions have been presented, such as integration with centrifugation, combination with flotation, etc.. Considering that heavy oils are becoming increasingly attractive from the stand point of reserves and economic status including China, the authors introduce the challenge and some successful trials on the electrostatic dehydration of heavy oils. Some suggestions are put forward as concluding remarks.
Renal Water and Sodium Handling during Gradated Unilateral Ureter Obstruction (2002)

Water reabsorption and sodium handling is progressively impaired with increasing pelvic pressure. GFR and RBF are reduced in parallel. The study shows that the kidney responds to ureteral obstruction is unique and individual.
Heparin promotes the binding of thrombin to fibrin polymer. Quantitative characterization of a thrombin-fibrin polymer-heparin ternary complex. (1990)

The binding of human alpha-thrombin (IIa) to fibrin polymer (FnIIp) was studied in the presence and absence of a high affinity 20,300 Mr heparin (H) at pH 7.4, I 0.15, and 23 degrees C. In the absence of heparin, thrombin interacts with a high affinity class of binding sites on fibrin polymer with a dissociation constant of 301 +/- 36 nM in a manner which is independent of the enzyme active site. Studies of thrombin binding as a function of heparin and fibrin polymer concentrations imply that a ternary thrombin-fibrin polymer-heparin complex (IIa.FnIIp.H) is formed. Assembly of the ternary complex occurs randomly through the interactions of all three possible intermediate binary complexes; IIa.H, IIa.FnIIp, and FnIIp.H. Using an independently determined value of 280 +/- 35 nM for the FnIIp.H dissociation constant, global fits of the binding data yield a dissociation constant of 15 +/- 6 nM for the IIa.H interaction and 47 +/- 9 nM for the IIa.H intermediate binary complex interaction with FnIIp. These studies indicate that heparin enhances the binding of thrombin to fibrin polymer 6.4-fold with an overall dissociation constant for ternary complex formation of 705 nM2. The effect of heparin molecular weight on ternary complex formation has also been investigated. Heparins of molecular weights 11,200-20,300 behave similarly with respect to their influence on ternary complex formation, whereas heparins of lower molecular weight are less effective in promoting thrombin binding to fibrin polymer. This effect of heparin is also independent of whether it has high or low affinity for antithrombin III. The demonstration of the formation of a ternary IIa.FnIIp.H complex complements kinetic evidence indicating the formation of an analogous ternary complex with fibrin II monomer (Hogg, P. J., and Jackson, C. M. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 86, 3619-3623). The possible implications of these findings for the in vivo distribution and actions of thrombin and the clinical efficacy of heparin are also discussed.
Design and characterization of orodispersible tablets of Aceclofenac (2010)

The aim of this investigation was to prepare orodispersible tablets of Aceclofenac using various concentrations of superdisintegrant agents like croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate and polyplsadone xl-10 by direct compression method. Seven formulations having superdisintegrants at different concentration levels were prepared. These tablets were evaluated for drug content, weight variation, friability, hardness, wetting time and invitro disintegration time. Formulation (F4) which shows rapid disintegration contained equal proportion of cross carmellose sodium and polyplasdone xl-10. It was concluded that superdisintegrants addition technique is a useful method for preparing orodispersible tablets by direct compression method. Keywords: Aceclofenac, Orodispersible tablets, Ac-Di-Sol, Crospovidone, Sodium starch glycolate.
Designing animal habitats within an immersive VE (1998)

The authors present an immersive design application for educational use that takes a different approach. First, they focus on the small, highly specific domain of animal habitat design. Second, the system's users don't have a blank slate-they begin with an existing design. Finally, the design tools don't allow general manipulation of all design features. Instead, they're task-specific and well constrained.