gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement in Flowability, Oxidation Resistance and Water Wettability of Graphite Powders by TiO<sub>2</sub> Coating (1996)

Surface treatment is one of the most efficient ways to improve the water wettability, flowability and oxidation resistance of graphite powders used in castable refractories. In this study, the above properties of graphite powders coated with TiO2 (formed by heating Ti(OCH2CH2CH2CH3)4 at 120°C in air) were investigated. The results showed that the wettability and flowability of the graphite powders were greatly improved when the amount of TiO2 coated was more than 0.5mass%, and the oxidation resistance increased with increasing amount of TiO2 coated. The above improvement in the properties of the graphite powders was considered to be related to the changes in the size, shape and surface state of the powders.
Modification of the Host Cell Lipid Metabolism Induced by Hypolipidemic Drugs Targeting the Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase Impairs West Nile Virus Replication (2015)

West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes that causes meningitis and encephalitis in humans, horses, and birds. Several studies have highlighted that flavivirus infection is highly dependent on cellular lipids for virus replication and infectious particle biogenesis. The first steps of lipid synthesis involve the carboxylation of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) to malonyl-CoA that is catalyzed by the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). This makes ACC a key enzyme of lipid synthesis that is currently being evaluated as a therapeutic target for different disorders, including cancers, obesity, diabetes, and viral infections. We have analyzed the effect of the ACC inhibitor 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furoic acid (TOFA) on infection by WNV. Lipidomic analysis of TOFA-treated cells confirmed that this drug reduced the cellular content of multiple lipids, including those directly implicated in the flavivirus life cycle (glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol). Treatment with TOFA significantly inhibited the multiplication of WNV in a dose-dependent manner. Further analysis of the antiviral effect of this drug showed that the inhibitory effect was related to a reduction of viral replication. Furthermore, treatment with another ACC inhibitor, 3,3,14,14-tetramethylhexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16), also inhibited WNV infection. Interestingly, TOFA and MEDICA 16 also reduced the multiplication of Usutu virus (USUV), a WNV-related flavivirus. These results point to the ACC as a druggable cellular target suitable for antiviral development against WNV and other flaviviruses.
Testability features in a high-density memory module (2002)

A configurable multichip memory module designed in silicon-on-silicon hybrid form is discussed. The memory controller IC, which has been implemented in a CMOS gate array, also functions as an in-circuit tester for the memory chips. This capability, supplemented by the controller's own scan-path and boundary-scan features, results in increased in-field testability as well as greatly reduced production test costs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification of clusters produced in an atmospheric pressure ionization process by a collisional dissociation method (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of clusters produced in an atmospheric pressure ionization process by a collisional dissociation methodH. Kambara, Y. Mitsui, and I. KanomataCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 9, 1447–1452Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50045a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50045a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A comparison of Gabor filter methods for automatic detection of facial landmarks (2003)

This paper presents a systematic analysis of Gabor filter banks for detection of facial landmarks (pupils and philtrum). Sensitivity is assessed using the A' statistic, a non-parametric estimate of sensitivity independent of bias commonly used in the psychophysical literature. We find that current Gabor filter bank systems are overly complex. Performance can be greatly improved by reducing the number of frequency and orientation components in these systems. With a single frequency band, we obtained performances significantly better than those achievable with current systems that use multiple frequency bands. Best performance for pupil detection was obtained with filter banks peaking at 4 iris widths per cycle and 8 orientations. Best performance for philtrum location was achieved with filter banks with 5.5 iris widths per circle and 8 orientations.
Do droplets always move following the wettability gradient? (2011)

Impacting droplets on rough surfaces with a wettability gradient have been reported to rebound obliquely or migrate following the wettability gradient due to the unbalanced interfacial forces created by such heterogeneous architectures. Here we demonstrate under certain conditions, droplets can be self-propelled against the wettability gradient. We show that the local Cassie-to-Wenzel transition in the droplet is critical for such a counter-intuitive phenomenon. We believe that our letter extends our conventional understanding of wettability dynamics to heterogeneous surfaces and provides important insight for the design of micro/nanotextured surfaces for controlled droplet manipulation.
Acousto-optic polarization coupler and intensity modulator for birefringent fiber (1986)

The two principal polarizations of birefringent optical fiber can be coupled by subjecting the fiber to stress that is spatially periodic along the length of the fiber. If the stress is temporally varied by using an acoustic wave, the coupling varies accordingly, and optical power can be transferred between polarizations dynamically. When an output polarizer is used to pass only one of the principal polarizations, this transfer of power is seen as a modulation of the intensity of the light passed by the polarizer. By using a surface acoustic-wave device, modulation depths up to 70% have been obtained. The bandwidth of such a device is limited only by the bandwidth of the transducers. A bandwidth of 4 MHz centered at 4.5 MHz has been obtained with the device reported here.
Code Compression and Decompression for Instruction Cell Based Reconfigurable Systems (2007)

Code compression has been applied to embedded systems to minimize the silicon area utilized for program memories, and lower the power consumption. More recently, it has become a necessity for multiple-issue architectures, such as VLIW and TTA, to permit a viable realization of these designs. In this paper, a code compression and decompression scheme suitable for newly emerging reconfigurable technologies is presented, which pose further challenges by having an order of magnitude higher memory requirement due to much wider instruction words than typical VLIW/TTA architectures. Two dictionary-based lossless compression schemes are implemented and compared for an example reconfigurable system. This paper looks at several conflicting design parameters, such as the compression ratio, silicon area and speed. Test programs for a 2D DCT, minimum error, wimax and H.264 have been evaluated with compression ratios in the range of 41% to 62% recorded with the best scheme.
pH and Buffer Theory-A New Approach (1996)

Monovalent weak acids and bases and their salts with strong bases and acids bivalent weak protolytes and their salts with strong acids and bases binary mixtures of monovalent weak protolytes tri and paucivalent weak protolytes and their salts with strong acids and bases the Debye-Hnckel theory for strong electrolytes the titration curve and the buffer power of water experimental determination of pK and (pK values as well as Isoprotic points.
Prolonged subcutaneous administration of recombinant alpha 2b interferon in patients with previously untreated Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia: effect on remission duration and survival: Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 8583 [see comments] (1993)

We investigated whether recombinant alpha 2b interferon (r alpha 2bIFN) would reduce the proportion of bone marrow Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) cells in chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) by treating 107 previously untreated patients daily with r alpha 2bIFN at 5 x 10(6)IU/m2 subcutaneously. Patients with complete remission, partial remission, or partial hematologic remission received treatment until progression; those with progressive disease were taken off study and observed for survival. Sixty-three (59%) of the patients achieved at least a partial hematologic remission (24 complete remissions and 39 partial remissions). The median time to response for the 63 responders was 3.4 months, with a median duration of remission of 52 months and with 81% of responders continuing in remission beyond 12 months. The median survival for the 107 patients was 66 months. Of 78 patients with cytogenetic follow-up data, 31 (40%) achieved a partial cytogenetic response (n = 17) or a complete cytogenetic response (n = 14). The percentage of cytogenetic responders among all patients was 29% (31 of 107 patients). The median time to first cytogenetic response was 9 months. A major dose reduction of r alpha 2bIFN (> or = 50%) was required at some time during treatment in 38% of patients, 26% required 10% to 49% dose reductions, and 36% had minor dose reductions of < or = 10%. No association was observed between dose received and the attainment of a cytogenetic response. None of the usual prognostic factors (sex, race, performance status, weight loss, time from diagnosis to treatment, hepatosplenomegaly, age, symptoms, hemoglobin, or platelet, blast, basophil, or white blood cell count) were significantly related to survival. These data provide confirmation that major cytogenetic responses to prolonged administration of subcutaneous r alpha 2bIFN occur in 20% to 38% (95% confidence interval) of chronic- phase Ph-positive patients. Although it is hypothesized that patients achieving major cytogenetic responses to r alpha 2bIFN should have prolonged remission duration and survival compared with nonresponders, analyses of the effect of cytogenetic responders by both “landmark” and time-dependent covariate techniques fail to provide statistically significant evidence for an effect of cytogenetic response on remission duration or survival. This may be due in part to an effect size insufficiently large to be detected with the number of patients treated in this study. Thus, confirmation of remission duration or survival benefit, if any, of r alpha 2bIFN therapy in Ph-positive chronic-phase CML must await the outcome of randomized trials comparing IFN with conventional agents.
Touchless input device and gesture commands (2005)

We introduce a touchless input device and gesture commands for operating a PC that negates the need to touch it or wear input devices to use it. We use a distance sensor to capture gestures, making the device very simple. This system is practical enough to use for viewer operation, so it is applicable for not only PCs, but also audiovisual devices like TVs and HDD recorders.
Morphology–property relationship in oriented PET films: Microstructural reorganization during heat treatment (1994)

Abstract Morphology–property relationships for simultaneously biaxially stretched films and heatset with fixed dimensions in the temperature range of 100–240°C have been studied. The observed transition in various properties at 180°C can be explained on the basis of microstructural changes caused by competition among several processes, such as crystallization, solid‐state thickening, melting, and molecular relaxation as well as by melting and recrystallization. The resulting structures and, thereby, the properties are different in temperature Regime‐II ( T g to T max ) and Regime‐III ( T max to T m ). In Regime‐II, the high rate of crystallization compared to the rate of molecular relaxation develops a constrained amorphous phase, whereas the predominant melting and recrystallization process in Regime‐III generates the relaxed amorphous phase. The structural reorganization during heat treatment is almost the same for uniaxially oriented film, fibers, and biaxially oriented films prepared under similar processing conditions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
GDNF and NGF family members and receptors in human fetal and adult spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (2001)

We describe the expression of mRNA encoding ligands and receptors of members of the GDNF family and members of the neurotrophin family in the adult human spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Fetal human spinal cord and ganglia were investigated for the presence of ligands and receptors of the neurotrophin family. Tissues were collected from human organ donors and after routine elective abortions. Messenger RNA was found encoding RET, GFR alpha-1, BDNF, trkB, and trkC in the adult human spinal cord and BDNF, NT-3, p75, trkB, and trkC in the fetal human spinal cord. The percentage of adult human DRG cells expressing p75, trkA, trkB, or trkC was 57, 46, 29, and 24%, respectively, and that of DRG cells expressing RET, GFR alpha-1, GFR alpha-2, or GFR alpha-3 was 79, 20, 51, and 32%, respectively. GFR alpha-2 was expressed selectively in small, GFR alpha-3 principally in small and GFR alpha-1 and RET in both large and small adult human DRG neurons. p75 and trkB were expressed by a wide range of DRG neurons while trkA was expressed in most small diameter and trkC primarily in large DRG neurons. Fetal DRG cells were positive for the same probes as adult DRG cells except for NT-3, which was only found in fetal DRG cells. Messenger RNA species only expressed at detectable levels in fetal but not adult spinal cord tissues included GDNF, GFR alpha-2, NT-3, and p75. Notably, GFR alpha-2, which is expressed in the adult rat spinal cord, was not found in the adult human spinal cord.
Differences in E-selectin expression and leucocyte infiltration induced by inflammatory agents in a novel subcutaneous sponge matrix model. (1995)

We have developed a novel subcutaneous sponge matrix model in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) homozygous SLAb/b inbred pigs to study lymphocyte-endothelial cell interactions during inflammation. Polyether sponges were implanted subcutaneously and left for 12 days before injection of proinflammatory agonists. Implanted sponges became highly vascularized and showed markedly increased uptake of i.v.-injected 51Cr-labelled lymphocytes 5 hr after injection of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (3000 U) or phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) (37 micrograms). Lower levels of traffic were seen in sponges 5 hr after injection with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) (3000 U) and no significant traffic occurred in sponges injected with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (15 ng) at 5 hr or PHA at 24 hr (compared to sponges injected with medium alone). Electron microscopy of control sponges revealed low numbers of infiltrating leucocytes and relatively 'flat' endothelium. Many more infiltrating leucocytes were present in PHA-injected sponges. However, no ultrastructural evidence was seen of any significant difference between control and activated endothelium. Immunocytochemistry of frozen sections from sponges showed that E-selectin expression was up-regulated markedly by TNF-alpha and PHA at 5 hr, only moderately by IL-1 alpha at 5 hr, and not at all by PMA at 5 hr. By 24 hr in PHA-injected sponges E-selectin expression had fallen markedly from the level seen at 5 hr. Flow cytometric analysis of cellular infiltrates dispersed from sponges injected with TNF-alpha, PHA, IL-1 alpha or medium alone, revealed differences in lymphocyte subset populations. The infiltrate in sponges injected with TNF-alpha 5 hr before removal was dominated by high numbers of CD2+ lymphocytes, whereas the infiltrate induced by PHA showed relatively higher levels of CD2- CD4-CD8- gamma delta T-cell receptor+ (TCR+) T cells revealed by population-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb). This model, which permits harvesting of leucocytes and endothelial cells for manipulation in vitro, will be useful for the study of leucocyte-endothelial cell interactions in subacute and chronic inflammation.
El principio constitucional de respeto a la ley y la Ley 2/1999, de 11 de enero, modificando la Ley 38/1988, de 28 de diciembre, de planta y demarcación judicial (1999)

Una nueva reforma legal se proyecta sobre la maltratada Justicia, en este ocasion le ha tocado a las Audiencias Provinciales, mas concretamente, de Cadiz, Malaga, Asturias, Alicante, Badajoz, A Coruna', Pontevedra y Murcia, al disponerse la creacion de una Seccion de dicho organo jurisdiccional en Algeciras, Jerez de la Frontera, Ceuta, Melilla, Gijon, Elche/Elx3, Merida, Santiago de Compostela, Vigo y Cartagena. Dejaremos de un lado la creacion de las Secciones de las Audiencias de Malaga y Cadiz en Melilla y Ceuta habida cuenta de que, de confonnidad con lo dispuesto en la D.A. sexta de la L.O. 1/1995, del Estatuto de Autonomia de Ceuta y D.A. sexta de la L.O. 2/1995, del Estatuto de Autonomia de Melilla, se dan las circunstancias y necesidades mas que suficientes para justificar la creacion de las aludidas Secciones.
Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and motility by fibroblasts is both contact and soluble factor dependent (2014)

Normal human and murine fibroblasts can inhibit proliferation of tumor cells when cocultured in vitro. The inhibitory capacity varies depending on the donor and the site of origin of the fibroblast. We showed previously that effective inhibition requires formation of a morphologically intact fibroblast monolayer before seeding of the tumor cells. Here we show that inhibition is extended to motility of tumor cells and we dissect the factors responsible for these inhibitory functions. We find that inhibition is due to two different sets of molecules: (i) the extracellular matrix (ECM) and other surface proteins of the fibroblasts, which are responsible for contact-dependent inhibition of tumor cell proliferation; and (ii) soluble factors secreted by fibroblasts when confronted with tumor cells (confronted conditioned media, CCM) contribute to inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and motility. However, conditioned media (CM) obtained from fibroblasts alone (nonconfronted conditioned media, NCM) did not inhibit tumor cell proliferation and motility. In addition, quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) data show up-regulation of proinflammatory genes. Moreover, comparison of CCM and NCM with an antibody array for 507 different soluble human proteins revealed differential expression of growth differentiation factor 15, dickkopf-related protein 1, endothelial-monocyte-activating polypeptide II, ectodysplasin A2, Galectin-3, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2, Nidogen1, urokinase, and matrix metalloproteinase 3.
Dumbbell-PCR: a method to quantify specific small RNA variants with a single nucleotide resolution at terminal sequences (2015)

Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have revealed that cellular functional RNAs are not always expressed as single entities with fixed terminal sequences but as multiple isoforms bearing complex heterogeneity in both length and terminal sequences, such as isomiRs, the isoforms of microRNAs. Unraveling the biogenesis and biological significance of heterogenetic RNA expression requires distinctive analysis of each RNA variant. Here, we report the development of dumbbell PCR (Db-PCR), an efficient and convenient method to distinctively quantify a specific individual small RNA variant. In Db-PCR, 5'- and 3'-stem-loop adapters are specifically hybridized and ligated to the 5'- and 3'-ends of target RNAs, respectively, by T4 RNA ligase 2 (Rnl2). The resultant ligation products with 'dumbbell-like' structures are subsequently quantified by TaqMan RT-PCR. We confirmed that high specificity of Rnl2 ligation and TaqMan RT-PCR toward target RNAs assured both 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences of target RNAs with single nucleotide resolution so that Db-PCR specifically detected target RNAs but not their corresponding terminal variants. Db-PCR had broad applicability for the quantification of various small RNAs in different cell types, and the results were consistent with those from other quantification method. Therefore, Db-PCR provides a much-needed simple method for analyzing RNA terminal heterogeneity.
AOD/AOA/TOA-based 3D positioning in NLOS multipath environments (2011)

Wireless localization has attracted increasing attention from both researchers and engineers. Most of the state-of-the-art localization techniques are designed based on line-of-sight (LOS) radio propagation. The present paper focuses on indoor scenarios which are multipath and rich scattering environments considering non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagations. Based on the measured angle-of-departure (AOD), angle-of-arrival (AOA), and time-of-arrival (TOA), we propose a three dimensional (3D) least squares (LS) positioning technique assuming a single-bounce reflection in every NLOS propagation path. Furthermore, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the root mean-square error (RMSE) of the mobile station (MS) position estimate. The system performance is assessed not only based on Monte-Carlo simulations and the analytical CRLB, but also based on real world measurements. It is shown that the proposed technique can accurately estimate the MS position with a root square error of approximately 21 cm in a real laboratory room.