gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Faraday Effect of Bismuth Substituted Rare-Earth Iron Garnet (1975)

Anomalous Faraday rotations of the following three series of polycrystalline garnets weremeasured; 1) Gd3-xBixFe5O12, 2) Gd2Bi1Fe5-yGayO12 and Gd2Bi1Fe5-yInyO12, and 3) Y2.25Bi0.75Fe5-yGayO12 and Y2.25Bi0.75Fe5-yScyO12. In series 1 and 2, the rotations were measured in the visible region at room tentperature. The rotation of series 1 increased linearly with x up to x=1.4, and the magneto-optical figure of merit reached 23 deg (at 0.56 µm) in Gd2Bi1Fe5O12. It was found in series 2 that the further substitution of Ga for Fe up to y=1.0 slightly decreased the figure of merit. In series 3, the rotations were measured in the near infrared region at a low temperature (8K) and the results were analyzed by using a one-ton model.It was found that two transitions near 3.1 eV and 2.8 eV, which are related to octahedral irons and tetrahedral irons respectively, were responsible for the anomalous rotation. These transitions were tentatively assigned to oxygen-iron charge-transfer transitions.
Theoretical and experimental treatment of a microstrip coupled ferrite line circulator (2004)

The paper describes a microstrip ferrite coupled line (FCL) junction practically applied as a section of the FCL circulator. Improvements over the earlier models include realisation of the microstrip circuit on the dielectric substrate and placing a ferrite overlay on top of the coupled line of the FCL section. Simulation and measurements show the operation bandwidth from 10 to 15 GHz with isolation and reflection losses better than 10 dB and average insertion losses <2.5 dB.
Determination of the density of solids (2006)

Chapter 3.2 deals with methods and precautions required to measure the density of solids and is firmly based on an earlier version by F. M. Richards. A knowledge of the density can be of considerable use in determining the number of `molecules' per asymmetric unit, although in the case of biological macromolecules the measurement of density can be problematic.
Probing Elasticity at the Nanoscale: Terahertz Acoustic Vibration of Small Metal Nanoparticles (2010)

The acoustic response of surface-controlled metal (Pt) nanoparticles is investigated in the small size range, between 1.3 and 3 nm (i.e., 75-950 atoms), using time-resolved spectroscopy. Acoustic vibration of the nanoparticles is demonstrated, with frequencies ranging from 1.1 to 2.6 THz, opening the way to the development of THz acoustic resonators. The frequencies, measured with a noncontact optical method, are in excellent agreement with the prediction of a macroscopic approach based on the continuous elastic model, together with the bulk material elastic constants. This demonstrates the validity of this model at the nanoscale and the weak impact of size reduction on the elastic properties of a material, even for nanoparticles formed by less than 100 atoms.
Repression of arterial genes in hemogenic endothelium is sufficient for haematopoietic fate acquisition (2015)

Changes in cell fate and identity are essential for endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT), an embryonic process that generates the first adult populations of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from hemogenic endothelial cells. Dissecting EHT regulation is a critical step towards the production of in vitro derived HSCs. Yet, we do not know how distinct endothelial and haematopoietic fates are parsed during the transition. Here we show that genes required for arterial identity function later to repress haematopoietic fate. Tissue-specific, temporally controlled, genetic loss of arterial genes (Sox17 and Notch1) during EHT results in increased production of haematopoietic cells due to loss of Sox17-mediated repression of haematopoietic transcription factors (Runx1 and Gata2). However, the increase in EHT can be abrogated by increased Notch signalling. These findings demonstrate that the endothelial haematopoietic fate switch is actively repressed in a population of endothelial cells, and that derepression of these programs augments haematopoietic output.
A triptycene-based polymer of intrinsic microposity that displays enhanced surface area and hydrogen adsorption (2006)

A novel triptycene-based polymer of intrinsic microporosity (Trip-PIM) displays enhanced surface area (1065 m2 g(-1)) and reversibly adsorbs 1.65% hydrogen by mass at 1 bar/77 K and 2.71% at 10 bar/77 K.
Cost-effective low-power graphics processing unit for handheld devices (2008)

Cost-effective handheld graphics processing units are discussed in the aspects of performance, memory bandwidth, power, and area requirements. The proposed RamP architecture has special features of cost-effective low-power arithmetic units, memory bandwidth reduction, and dynamic power management schemes for handheld GPUs. The detailed design of RamP- VI is explained as an example of the RamP architecture. It adopts logarithmic arithmetic for power and area efficiency, and has a triple- domain power management scheme to minimize power consumption at a given performance level. The proposed GPU shows peak performance of 141 Mvertices/s and 52.4 mW power consumption when it operates at 60 frames/s. It shows 17.5 percent performance improvement and 50.5 percent power reduction compared to the latest work.
Multiple Impairment Patterns in the Mentally Ill Homeless (1985)

(1985). Multiple Impairment Patterns in the Mentally Ill Homeless. International Journal of Mental Health: Vol. 14, Homeless and Mentally Ill, pp. 61-73.
Evidence that residues exposed on the three-fold channels have active roles in the mechanism of ferritin iron incorporation (1996)

Iron is thought to enter the ferritin cavity via the three-fold channel, which is lined in its narrowest part by the residues Asp-131 and Glu-134. We describe here variants of human ferritins with active and inactive ferroxidase centres having Asp-131 and Glu-134 substituted with Ala and Ala or with Ile and Phe respectively. The two types of substitution had similar effects on ferritin functionality: (i) they decreased the amount of iron incorporated from Fe(II) solutions and decreased ferroxidase activity by about 50%; (ii) they inhibited iron incorporation from Fe(III) citrate in the presence of ascorbate; (iii) they resulted in loss of Fe and Tb binding sites; and (iv) they resulted in a marked decrease in the inhibition of iron oxidation by Tb (but not by Zn). In addition, it was found that substitution with Ala of Cys-130 and His-118, both of which face the three-fold channel, decreased the capacity of H-ferritin to bind terbium and to incorporate iron from Fe(III) citrate in the presence of ascorbate. The results indicate that: (i) in three-fold channels are the major sites of iron transfer into the cavity of H- and L-ferritins; (ii) at least two metal binding sites are located on the channels which play an active role in capturing and transferring iron into the cavity; and (iii) the permeability of the channel is apparently not affected by the hydrophilicity of its narrowest part. In addition, it is proposed that iron incorporation from Fe(III) citrate complexes in the presence of ascorbate is a reliable, and possibly more physiological, approach to the study of ferritin functionality.
The crystal structure of NaOH.BF<sub>3</sub> and of the alkali fluoborates and TIBF<sub>4</sub> (1937)

Abstract An X‐ray analysis was carried out of Na‐ Cs‐ and TIBF4 which proved to be isomorphous with the corresponding Perchlorates. The compound BF 3 . NaOH, isomorphous with NaBF 4 , should be formulated as the sodium salt of monohydroxyfluoboric acid; the hydroniumsalt of the same acid (BF 3 . 2H 2 O) formed the subject of a previous publication. From the dissociation pressure, the heat of dissociation of NaBF 4 and NaOH. BF 3 was determined. The relative stability of both compounds was discussed.
[Effects of glutamine on extracellular signal regulated kinase and p38MAPK expression in the kidney in young rats with endotoxemia]. (2009)

Both ERK-2 and p38MAPK expression increased in young rats with LPS-induced endotoxemia. Glutamine alleviates renal injuries possibly by decreasing the expression of both.
Transcutaneous T Wave Shock: A Universal Method for Ventricular Fibrillation Induction (1997)

Our objective was to develop a universal noninvasive method for VF induction. ICD implantation requires VF induction. Conventional rapid ventricular stimulation may fail to induce VF. Some ICDs can deliver low energy shocks on the T wave to induce VF. We hypothesized that an external dual chamber pacemaker and an external defibrillator could be configured to allow reliable VF induction with any ICD system. A surface ECG signal was delivered to the atrial channel of an external dual chamber DDD pacemaker. The 'AV' delay was adjusted so that the ventricular output of the pacemaker was delivered to an external defibrillator synchronized to deliver 5-50 J. Twenty-six patients at ICD implant or follow-up had VF induced in native rhythm (sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation), or during a ventricular pacing train (3-8 beats at cycle length 500-880 ms). VF was successfully induced in 14 of 25 (56%) patients in native rhythm; and in 16 of 17 (94%) patients during pacing (P = 0.013). VF induction success rate was 36% in native rhythm (31/86 attempts) and 88% during pacing (69/78 attempts) (P < 0.001). The 'R' to shock interval was 269 +/- 31 ms in native rhythm and 257 +/- 48 ms during pacing. Energy delivered from the external defibrillator was 19 +/- 3 J in native rhythm and 21 +/- 6 J during pacing. We concluded that VF induction by synchronizing a small external shock to the T wave is a fast, effective way to reliably ensure arrhythmia induction with any ICD at implant or follow-up. This method is more successful during pacing than in sinus rhythm.
Complement Activation Induced by Different Tubings Used for Cardiopulmonary Bypass (1989)

Complement activation induced by latex, polyvinylchloride, and silicone tubings for extracorporeal circulation was studied in 2 in vitro situations: Fresh whole human blood mixed with priming solution was circulated through 00 cm tubing lengths for 1 hour, and small tubing pieces were incubated in fresh human serum for 7 hours. Activation of C3 and of the terminal pathway (C5–C9) was assessed in enzyme immuno assays. In both situations complement activation was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in controls. During incubation, C3 activation started later with silicone, but increased to similar levels as with polyvinylchloride after 7 hours. Latex was a significantly more potent C3 activator at 7 hours than the other materials (p<0.05), whereas polyvinylchloride induced most terminal pathway activation (p<0.01). When blood was pumped through intact tubing, complement activation was similar with all materials. The differences found during incubation were apparently overshadowed by other factors in the dynamic situation. The study thus gives no evidence for preferring any of the tested tubing materials to reduce complement activation during in vivo extracorporeal circulation, even if the tubing does contribute to overall activation.
Monodispersed microbubble formation using microchannel technique (2004)

Abstract Recently, we proposed microchannel (MC) emulsification, a novel method for making monodispersed emulsion with a coefficient of variation (CV) less than 5%. In this study, we attempted monodispersed microbubble formation using the MC technique. Monodispersed microbubbles were formed using surfactants and proteins as dispersing agent. The average bubble size ranged from 33.6 to 51.1 μm, and CV values were below 10%. The bubble formation behavior was compared with the droplet formation behavior. The microbubble formation appears to be based on the spontaneous transformation caused by surface tension, as previously shown for liquid–liquid systems. The average bubble size was affected by viscosity, which is consistent with the results for the liquid–liquid system in previous studies. In the case of protein, the effect of surface viscoelasticity was indicated, which was not reported for the liquid–liquid system. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 3227–3233, 2004
Temperature-Dependent Far-Infrared Spectra of Single Crystals of High Explosives Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (2005)

Survey spectra of single-crystal HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), and PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate) were acquired in the region from 10 to 80 cm(-1) using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The spectra were taken at temperatures ranging from 8.4 to 300 K. Generally, the spectra show multiple absorption peaks in the range 50-80 cm(-1), with PETN (110) showing strong absorption features at room temperature. RDX (210) is the most notable in the region 10-40 cm(-1), showing multiple spectral features, while HMX (010) shows a very broad absorption at 47.8 cm(-1) with a fwhm of 37.3 cm(-1). Future plans include polarization-dependent investigations for multiple crystallographic orientations over an increased spectral range and higher-level theoretical calculations.
Melt spinning and mechanical properties of polyimide. (1992)

Melt spinning behavior of polyimide filaments and their mechanical properties at tempera
A 16-µm source for laser isotope enrichment (1976)

A potentially efficient, high-energy 16-μm source is proposed based on stimulated rotational Raman scattering in H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> or D <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> using a TEA CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser source. The calculated pump energy threshold for rotational Raman scattering on the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</tex> (0) 354.33 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> Raman line of H <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> at 77 K and 1 atm pressure is 3.1 J.
Random-Scrambling Tunable POTDR for Distributed Measurement of Cumulative PMD (2009)

We provide the theoretical framework for a new method of distributed measurement of cumulative PMD along single-mode optical fiber links. Independent pairs of optical pulses are launched into the fiber, where each pair consists of two pulses having the same state of polarization (SOP) but two different, closely spaced wavelengths. The key aspect is that both the SOP and center wavelength of a given pair need not be correlated with those of any other pair. This random-scrambling approach is well suited for an economically designed instrument that is more robust for field applications than previously reported approaches. Since no assumed model of the distributed birefringence behavior is required, the method is suitable for any actual single-mode telecom fiber span encompassing many fiber sections of different types and origins.
Experimental Characterization of Advanced Composite Materials (2002)

Over much of the last three decades, the evolution of techniques for characterizing composite materials has struggled to keep up with the advances of composite materials themselves and their broadening areas of application. In recent years, however, much work has been done to consolidate test methods and better understand those being used. Finally,
A 1.5 Mb/s operation of a MARS device for communications systems applications (1996)

We present the fabrication and performance of a Si MARS (mechanical antireflection switch) micromechanical optical modulator for fiber-in-the-loop applications. Device performance is reported showing rise and fall times of less than 100 ns, greater than 10 dB optical contrast ratio at ambient temperatures from -50 to 90/spl deg/C, and evidence of reliability exhibited in operation at 500 kHz for over two months (two trillion cycles) without noticeable loss in performance. Bit error rate measurements show potential performance at 1.5 Mb/s with a 10/sup -9/ bit error rate. Emphasis is placed on our efforts to produce a device which is practical, robust, and inexpensive to manufacture and package.
Serum antibody responses to the outer membrane proteins of Bordetella pertussis (1984)

The serum antibody responses to the outer membrane proteins, purified filamentous hemagglutinin, and leukocytosis-promoting factor of Bordetella pertussis were examined in mice and children immunized with pertussis whole-cell vaccine. It was found that, although there were many similarities in the responses of mice and children, there were important differences. Sera from vaccinated mice reacted strongly with purified filamentous hemagglutinin and gave weak or undetectable responses to the components of purified leukocytosis-promoting factor. The converse was found with sera from vaccinated children. Antibodies to leukocytosis-promoting factor may thus be of importance in protecting children against pertussis, although they appear to play no role in the active mouse protection test for vaccine efficacy. These results cast doubt on the value of the mouse as an animal model for the potency testing of extracted acellular pertussis vaccines.
Comparing state-of-the-art visual features on invariant object recognition tasks (2011)

Tolerance (“invariance”) to identity-preserving image variation (e.g. variation in position, scale, pose, illumination) is a fundamental problem that any visual object recognition system, biological or engineered, must solve. While standard natural image database benchmarks are useful for guiding progress in computer vision, they can fail to probe the ability of a recognition system to solve the invariance problem. Thus, to understand which computational approaches are making progress on solving the invariance problem, we compared and contrasted a variety of state-of-the-art visual representations using synthetic recognition tasks designed to systematically probe invariance. We successfully re-implemented a variety of state-of-the-art visual representations and confirmed their published performance on a natural image benchmark. We here report that most of these representations perform poorly on invariant recognition, but that one representation shows significant performance gains over two baseline representations. We also show how this approach can more deeply illuminate the strengths and weaknesses of different visual representations and thus guide progress on invariant object recognition.
Blood Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes With a Bihormonal Bionic Endocrine Pancreas (2012)

A bihormonal bionic endocrine pancreas achieved excellent glycemic control with minimal hypoglycemia over the course of two days of continuous use despite high-carbohydrate meals and exercise. A trial testing a wearable version of the system under free-living conditions is justified.
Nonlinear electron magnetohydrodynamic physics. VI. Magnetic loop antenna across the ambient field (2009)

See also companion Nonlinear electron magnetohydrodynamic physics. VII. Magnetic loop antenna in a field-free plasma
A Channel Estimation Method Based on Sample-Shift of Time-Domain Signal for OFDM Systems (2007)

A channel estimation method based on sample-shift of time-domain signal is proposed for OFDM systems. Through artificial cyclic sample-shift of time-domain signal, the equivalent coherent bandwidth of OFDM systems can be broadened. Hence, the channel estimation errors, caused by the simple linear interpolation in frequency-domain, can be reduced due to the increase of correlation between neighboring pilot sub-carriers. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that equivalent channel coherent bandwidth can be broadened effectively and the channel estimation performance can be improved by sample-shift significantly, especially over high SNR range. When the value of cyclic sample-shift is given as the sampling-interval normalized RMS of channel, the near optimal performance can be achieved.
DNA Microarrays: Experimental Issues, Data Analysis, and Application to Bacterial Systems (2004)

DNA microarrays are currently used to study the transcriptional response of many organisms to genetic and environmental perturbations. Although there is much room for improvement of this technology, its potential has been clearly demonstrated in the past 5 years. The general consensus is that the bottleneck is now located in the processing and analysis of transcriptome data and its use for purposes other than the quantification of changes in gene expression levels. In this article we discuss technological aspects of DNA microarrays, statistical and biological issues pertinent to the design of microarray experiments, and statistical tools for microarray data analysis. A review on applications of DNA microarrays in the study of bacterial systems is presented. Special attention is given to studies in the following areas: (1) bacterial response to environmental changes; (2) gene identification, genome organization, and transcriptional regulation; and (3) genetic and metabolic engineering. Soon, the use of DNA microarray technologies in conjunction with other genome/system-wide analyses (e.g., proteomics, metabolomics, fluxomics, phenomics, etc.) will provide a better assessment of genotype-phenotype relationships in bacteria, which serve as a basis for understanding similar processes in more complex organisms.
4-[ω-[4-Arylpiperazin-1-yl]alkoxy]phenyl)imidazo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyridine Derivatives:  Fluorescent High-Affinity Dopamine D<sub>3</sub>Receptor Ligands as Potential Probes for Receptor Visualization (2007)

Sixteen long-chain arylpiperazines bearing the fluorescent moiety 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine were synthesized as fluorescent dopamine D3 receptors ligands (385 nM < Ki < 0.72 nM). The most potent D3 compounds 15a and 19a (Ki = 1.6 and 0.72 nM, respectively) showed good Stokes shift and high quantum yield in ethanol (Phi = 0.74 and 0.66, respectively). In the first attempt, 15a was unable to visualize D3 receptors expressed in CHO cells by epifluorescence microscopy.