gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Localization of p21-Activated Kinase 1 (PAK1) to Pinocytic Vesicles and Cortical Actin Structures in Stimulated Cells (1997)

The mechanisms through which the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42 regulate the formation of membrane ruffles, lamellipodia, and filopodia are currently unknown. The p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are direct targets of active Rac and Cdc42 which can induce the assembly of polarized cytoskeletal structures when expressed in fibroblasts, suggesting that they may play a role in mediating the effects of these GTPases on cytoskeletal dynamics. We have examined the subcellular localization of endogenous PAK1 in fibroblast cell lines using specific PAK1 antibodies. PAK1 is detected in submembranous vesicles in both unstimulated and stimulated fibroblasts that colocalize with a marker for fluid-phase uptake. In cells stimulated with PDGF, in v-Src-transformed fibroblasts, and in wounded cells, PAK1 redistributed into dorsal and membrane ruffles and into the edges of lamellipodia, where it colocalizes with polymerized actin. PAK1 was also colocalized with F-actin in membrane ruffles extended as a response to constitutive activation of Rac1. PAK1 appears to precede F-actin in translocating to cytoskeletal structures formed at the cell periphery. The association of PAK1 with the actin cytoskeleton is prevented by the actin filament-disrupting agent cytochalasin D and by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate an in vivo interaction of PAK1 with filamentous (F)-actin in stimulated cells. Microinjection of a constitutively active PAK1 mutant into Rat-1 fibroblasts overexpressing the insulin receptor (HIRcB cells) induced the formation of F-actin- and PAK1-containing structures reminiscent of dorsal ruffles. These data indicate a close correlation between the subcellular distribution of endogenous PAK1 and the formation of Rac/Cdc42-dependent cytoskeletal structures and support an active role for PAK1 in regulating cortical actin rearrangements.
Smart polymer recycling: Synthesis of novel rigid polyurethanes using phosphorus‐containing oligomers formed by controlled degradation of microporous polyurethane elastomer (2007)

Abstract This article describes a new approach for the recycling of microporous polyurethane elastomers by Tris(1‐methyl‐2‐chloroethyl) phosphate‐induced degradation. The phosphorus‐containing degradation products formed are transformed into reactive intermediates by reaction with propylene oxide and are used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. These new phosphorus‐containing materials have higher density and better mechanical properties compared to the standard rigid polyurethane foams. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
The cofactors required by C3 nephritic factor to generate a C3 convertase in vitro. (1976)

The mechanisms by which a C3 convertase is generated by C3 nephritic factor (NeF) were investigated using purified NeF, C3, C3b, factor B and factor D of the alternative pathway of complement activation. NeF could generate a C3 convertase with C3 and B in the absence of D, and without cleavage of B. At lower concentrations of NeF the addition of D was required to generate a C3 convertase, and B cleavage now occurred. The generation of both the D-independent and D-dependent C3 convertases with NeF was inhibited by preincubation of the C3 source with C3b inactivator (KAF); isolated C3b was more efficient than the C3 preparations used in generating the D-independent C3 convertase with NeF. These experiments indicate that C3b is required for the formation of both convertases, and that the reaction occurring with apparently native C3 is due to trace amounts of C3b. It is concluded that the C3 convertase generated by NeF in the absence of D is C3bB (NeF), and that generated in the presence of D is the feedback convertase C3bBb. The relevance of these experiments to reactions which may occur in vivo is discussed.
Extremely large mode area optical fibers formed by thermal stress (2009)

We report a strictly single-mode optical fiber with a record core diameter of 84 microm and an effective mode area of approximately 3600 microm(2) at 1 microm. We also demonstrate fundamental mode operation in an optical fiber with a record core diameter of 252 microm and a measured mode field diameter (MFD) of 149 microm at 1.03 microm, i.e. an effective mode area (Aeff) of approximately 17,400 microm(2) at 1.03 microm, an Aeff of 31,600 microm(2) at 1.5 microm. All these fibers have near parabolic index profiles with a peak refractive index difference DeltaN approximately approximately 6 x 10(-5), i.e. a record low numerical aperture (NA) of approximately 0.013 in an optical fiber. This low refractive index difference was achieved by frozen-in thermal stress as a result of two different types of glass in the fibers. When the fundamental mode was excited in the 252 microm core fiber using a 1.03 microm ASE source, the output beam was measured to have M2x = 1.04 and M2y = 1.18.
All in agreement? Don't lose your heads (2015)

When parties are able to successfully resolve their dispute at mediation, ideally the agreement should be properly documented to ensure it is legally binding and provides certainty to the parties.
Temporal pitch perception at high rates in cochlear implants (2010)

A recent study reported that a group of Med-El COMBI 40+CI (cochlear implant) users could, in a forced-choice task, detect changes in the rate of a pulse train for rates higher than the 300 pps "upper limit" commonly reported in the literature [Kong, Y.-Y., et al. (2009). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 1649-1657]. The present study further investigated the upper limit of temporal pitch in the same group of CI users on three tasks [pitch ranking, rate discrimination, and multidimensional scaling (MDS)]. The patterns of results were consistent across the three tasks and all subjects could follow rate changes above 300 pps. Two subjects showed exceptional ability to follow temporal pitch change up to about 900 pps. Results from the MDS study indicated that, for the two listeners tested, changes in pulse rate over the range of 500-840 pps were perceived along a perceptual dimension that was orthogonal to the place of excitation. Some subjects showed a temporal pitch reversal at rates beyond their upper limit of pitch and some showed a reversal within a small range of rates below the upper limit. These results are discussed in relation to the possible neural bases for temporal pitch processing at high rates.
Nonisomerizable analogs of (Z)- and (E)-4-hydroxytamoxifen. Synthesis and endocrinological properties of substituted diphenylbenzocycloheptenes (1988)

Substituted 8,9-diphenyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-benzocycloheptenes 6-8, which are ring-fused analogues of (Z)-trans-4-hydroxytamoxifen, (E)-cis-tamoxifen, and (E)-cis-4-hydroxytamoxifen, were synthesized from 7-methoxy-1-benzosuberone. The hydroxy compounds 6 and 8 were individually prepared via a common synthetic intermediate from which either the perfluoro-p-tolyl or the methyl ether functions could be cleaved specifically. Compounds were assayed for binding affinity to estrogen receptors in cytosol and in MCF-7 whole cells and for growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells in vitro and rat uteri in vivo. The endocrinological properties of the cyclic analogues 5-7 paralleled those of the corresponding derivatives of tamoxifen although in the MCF-7 assay 6 was slightly less effective than 4-hydroxytamoxifen at 10(-6) and 10(-7) M. The compound 8 analogues to cis-4-hydroxytamoxifen antagonized the growth stimulation by estradiol of MCF-7 cell or rat uterus growth, and it is therefore an antiestrogen, but its potency was somewhat less, both as an antiestrogen and an estrogen, than reported for cis-4-hydroxytamoxifen attributable to modification of the biochemical properties of the latter by isomerization to the more potent trans isomer. Curiously, in the absence of estradiol, compound 8 stimulated MCF-7 cell growth at low concentration (10(-8) M) but inhibited growth at higher concentration. In contrast, compound 7, which lacked the hydroxy function, was a full estrogen in the rat uterine growth assay. These compounds should be ideal for further structure-activity studies of triarylethylene-based antiestrogens without complications caused by isomerization.
Analysis on multi-domain cooperation for predicting protein-protein interactions (2007)

From the computational viewpoint, this paper gives a general framework to predict protein interactions in a more accurate manner by considering the information of both multi-domains and multiple organisms, which can also be applied to identify cooperative domains, to reconstruct large complexes and further to annotate functions of domains. Supplementary information and software are provided in http://intelligent.eic.osaka-sandai.ac.jp/chenen/MDCinfer.htm and http://zhangroup.aporc.org/bioinfo/MDCinfer.
A multi-mode power amplifier for enhanced PAE in back-off operation with load insensitive architecture (2009)

A novel multi-mode power amplifier (PA) concept with improved efficiency over a wide range of output power is presented. It incorporates three power back-off modes with enhanced efficiency and provides a high tolerance to load variations in all modes. This approach offers sufficient linearity for high crest factor signals such as WCDMA and EDGE without requiring any predistortion. The conditions for optimum operation of the PA topology, based on power combining of parallel amplifier stages with quadrature hybrids, are derived. The chip is implemented in a 0.35 mum SiGeC-bipolar technology. In GSM operation measurements at 840 MHz yield a peak power of 36.1 dBm at 52.5% PAE. In back-off WCDMA operation the PA yields, at an average max. power of 27 dBm, a PAE of 37% and at an average usecase power of 19 dBm a PAE of 27%. In EDGE operation at 29 dBm a PAE of 27% and a 3 dB margin to the system linearity specification are achieved.
New data on the physical properties of Y3Al5O12-based nanocrystalline laser ceramics (2003)

Microhardness and fracture toughness of highly transparent Y3Al5O12-and Y3Al5O12: Nd3+-based nanocrystalline ceramics are measured for the first time. For the Y3Al5O12: Nd3+ laser ceramics, the use of a longitudinal scheme with a diode-laser pumping at a wavelength of 1.3186 mm (4 F 3/2 → 4 I 13/2 channel) enabled one to attain an output power of continuous-wave lasing of ∼3.7 W with 35% efficiency.
Constrained Tensor Modeling Approach to Blind Multiple-Antenna CDMA Schemes (2008)

In this paper, we consider an uplink multiple-antenna code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system linking several multiple-antenna mobile users to one multiple-antenna base station. For this system, a constrained third-order tensor decomposition is introduced for modeling the multiple-antenna transmitter as well as the received signal. The constrained structure of the proposed tensor decomposition is characterized by two constraint matrices that have a meaningful physical interpretation in our context. They can be viewed as canonical allocation matrices that define the allocation of users' data streams and spreading codes to the transmit antennas. The distinguishing features of the proposed tensor modeling with respect to the already existing tensor-based CDMA models are: i) it copes with multiple transmit antennas and spreading codes per user and ii) it models several spatial spreading/multiplexing schemes with multiple spreading codes by controlling the constrained structure of the tensor signal model. A systematic design procedure for the canonical allocation matrices leading to a unique blind symbol (or joint blind symbol-code) recovery is proposed which allows us to derive a finite set of multiple-antenna schemes for a fixed number of transmit antennas. Identifiability of the proposed tensor model is discussed, and a blind multiuser detection receiver based on the alternating least squares algorithm is considered for performance evaluation of several multiple-antenna CDMA schemes derived from the constrained modeling approach.
Genetic basis of pyocin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1994)

The genetic basis for pyocin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae 1291d, 1291e, and FA5100 was determined by Southern blot and DNA sequence analyses. The genes defective in these strains are present as single copies in the gonococcal chromosome. The mutant regions of 1291d, 1291e, and FA5100 were amplified by the PCR. Sequence analysis of the mutant regions demonstrated that strain 1291d contains a 12-bp deletion that results in the loss of four amino acids in phosphoglucomutase, while strain 1291e contains a point mutation that results in the change of an uncharged glycine residue to a charged glutamic acid residue in the same protein. FA5100 contains a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding heptosyltransferase II. The gene previously described as lsi-1 was shown to complement an rfaF mutation in Salmonella typhimurium and has been renamed rfaF.
Optimization strategies for complex queries (2005)

Previous research into the efficiency of text retrieval systems has dealt primarily with methods that consider inverted lists in sequence; these methods are known as term-at-a-time methods. However, the literature for optimizing document-at-a-time systems remains sparse.We present an improvement to the max_score optimization, which is the most efficient known document-at-a-time scoring method. Like max_score, our technique, called term bounded max_score, is guaranteed to return exactly the same scores and documents as an unoptimized evaluation, which is particularly useful for query model research. We simulated our technique to explore the problem space, then implemented it in Indri, our large scale language modeling search engine. Tests with the GOV2 corpus on title queries show our method to be 23% faster than max_score alone, and 61% faster than our document-at-a-time baseline. Our optimized query times are competitive with conventional term-at-a-time systems on this year's TREC Terabyte task.
A Modular Synthesis of Alkynyl-Phosphocholine Headgroups for Labeling Sphingomyelin and Phosphatidylcholine (2009)

A general route to phospho- and sphingolipids that incorporate an alkyne in the phosphocholine headgroup is described. The strategy preserves the ammonium functionality of the phosphocholine and can be easily modified to introduce desired functional groups at the N-acyl chain. The targets accessible with this strategy provide a bioorthogonal handle for postsynthetic introduction of fluorophores or other labeling agents with aqueous phase chemistry. We report the synthesis of sphingomyelin derivatives that incorporate a fluorophore and an alkyne. The modified sphingolipids retain activity as substrates for sphingomyelinase, making these compounds viable probes of enzymatic activity. Importantly, the strategy allows modification of the lipid across the phosphodiester, making the alkyne a potential probe of sphingomyelinase activity.
Reduced Brain Norepinephrine and Dopamine Release in Treatment-Refractory Depressive Illness (2000)

In accordance with the monoamine hypothesis, a deficit in brain norepinephrine and dopamine exists in patients with depressive illness. Moreover, the brains of these patients use an energy source other than glucose, a situation that is normalized following the acute pharmacological blockade of the norepinephrine transporter with the tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine.
“RAF” neighborhood: Protein–protein interaction in the Raf/Mek/Erk pathway (2014)

The Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathway, activated downstream of Ras primarily to promote proliferation, represents the best studied of the evolutionary conserved MAPK cascades. The investigation of the pathway has continued unabated since its discovery roughly 30 years ago. In the last decade, however, the identification of unexpected in vivo functions of pathway components, as well as the discovery of Raf mutations in human cancer, the ensuing quest for inhibitors, and the efforts to understand their mechanism of action, have boosted interest tremendously. From this large body of work, protein-protein interaction has emerged as a recurrent, crucial theme. This review focuses on the role of protein complexes in the regulation of the Raf/Mek/Erk pathway and in its cross-talk with other signaling cascades. Mapping these interactions and finding a way of exploiting them for therapeutic purposes is one of the challenges of future molecule-targeted therapy.
Spinal cord excitatory amino acids and cardiovascular autonomic responses (1994)

The excitatory amino acid subtype receptor agonists, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and (RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA, a non-NMDA agonist), produce specific dose-related heart rate and vasoconstrictor responses when given by injection into the upper thoracic or lumbar intrathecal space of the conscious rabbit. The responses are inhibited by prior intrathecal injection of the specific excitatory amino acid subtype receptor antagonist, 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP-5) or 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), respectively. Baroreceptor heart rate reflex function is inhibited by AP-5 and by DNQX applied to the upper thoracic spinal cord. In contrast baroreflex vasoconstrictor function is blocked by AP-5 but not by DNQX given in the lumbar intrathecal space. The experiments support previous evidence that spinal excitatory amino acids are important as neurotransmitters at the level of the sympathetic preganglionic neuron and as such exert tonic and reflex control of autonomic cardiovascular function. It is concluded that 1) intrathecal activation of NMDA and non-NMDA subtype receptors has similar but independent effects on heart rate and on blood pressure and 2) NMDA receptors alone participate in mediation of baroreflex vasoconstrictor function, whereas both sets of receptors determine reflex sympathetic heart rate effects.
Security in quantum computing using quantum key distribution protocols (2013)

Most cryptographic mechanisms such as symmetric and asymmetric cryptography, often involve the use of cryptographic keys. However, all cryptographic techniques will be ineffective if the key distribution mechanism is weak. Quantum Key Distribution or Quantum Cryptography is attracting much attention as a solution of the problem of Key Distribution; QKD offers unconditionally secure communication based on quantum mechanics. This work presents quantum key distribution protocols (QKDP) to safeguard security in large networks, ushering in new directions in classical cryptography and quantum cryptography.
Combination Laser Q-Switch Using a Spinning Mirror and Saturable Dye (1966)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. Hull, "Combination Laser Q-Switch Using a Spinning Mirror and Saturable Dye," Appl. Opt. 5, 1342-1343 (1966) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Direct comparison of the chemical properties of single crystal Ag(111) and electrochemically roughened Ag as substrates for surface Raman scattering (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect comparison of the chemical properties of single crystal Ag(111) and electrochemically roughened Ag as substrates for surface Raman scatteringS. Byahut and T. E. FurtakCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 3, 508–513Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00051a016https://doi.org/10.1021/la00051a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Direct Method for Modeling Non-Rigid Motion with Thin Plate Spline (2005)

Thin plate spline (TPS) transformations have been applied to non-rigid shape matching with impressive results. However, existing methods often use a sparse set of point correspondences which are established prior to shape matching. A straightforward approach to finding point correspondences and computing TPS parameters imposes expensive computations, thereby motivating us to develop an efficient solution. In this paper, we present a direct method for recovering non-rigid object motion from its appearance in which the point correspondences are simultaneously established while estimating TPS parameters. The motion parameters are estimated in a stiff-to-flexible approach and the principal appearance deformations are learned that can be utilized for motion analysis and recognition. Numerous experiments demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed algorithm in modeling the motion details of non-rigid objects undergoing shape deformation and pose variation.
Novel dual-petal nanostructured WS<sub>2</sub>@MoS<sub>2</sub> with enhanced photocatalytic performance and a comprehensive first-principles investigation (2015)

A prominent enhanced photocatalytic activity of the WS<sub>2</sub>@MoS<sub>2</sub> heterojunction was obtained. The first-principles calculation showed that a well-defined type-II staggered energy band was formed for the composite structure.
A HYBRID SOLAR WIND MODEL OF THE CESE+HLL METHOD WITH A YIN-YANG OVERSET GRID AND AN AMR GRID (2011)

A hybrid three-dimensional (3D) MHD model for solar wind study is proposed in the present paper with combined grid systems and solvers. The computational domain from the Sun to Earth space is decomposed into the near-Sun and off-Sun domains, which are respectively constructed with a Yin–Yang overset grid system and a Cartesian adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) grid system and coupled with a domain connection interface in the overlapping region between the near-Sun and off-Sun domains. The space-time conservation element and solution element method is used in the near-Sun domain, while the Harten–Lax–Leer method is employed in the off-Sun domain. The Yin–Yang overset grid can avoid well-known singularity and polar grid convergence problems and its body-fitting property helps achieve high-quality resolution near the solar surface. The block structured AMR Cartesian grid can automatically capture far-field plasma flow features, such as heliospheric current sheets and shock waves, and at the same time, it can save significant computational resources compared to the uniformly structured Cartesian grid. A numerical study of the solar wind structure for Carrington rotation 2069 shows that the newly developed hybrid MHD solar wind model successfully produces many realistic features of the background solar wind, in both the solar corona and interplanetary space, by comparisons with multiple solar and interplanetary observations.