gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Facial Hair on a Woman: Diagnosing and Treating a Pathological Twist on a Common Problem. (1997)

A 46-year-old woman who had had occasional coarse, dark hairs on her chin and chest since she was 17 years old presented with rapidly progressive hirsutism and new onset of virilization--(eg, for the first time in her life, she had coarse, dark hair on her back and balding in the temporal and occipital areas of her scalp). A thorough evaluation, including laboratory tests, several imaging studies, and ovarian and adrenal vein catheterization, revealed a small ovarian hilus cell tumor that was successfully removed by a laparoscopic approach. During the 30 months after the testosterone-producing ovarian tumor had been diagnosed and the woman's ovary had been removed, her hirsutism progressed no further, hair began to grow back in the temporal and occipital areas of her scalp, and she began to lose some excess weight.
Patient-specific model of a scoliotic torso for surgical planning (2013)

A method for the construction of a patient-specific model of a scoliotic torso for surgical planning via inter-patient registration is presented. Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of a generic model are registered to surface topography (TP) and X-ray data of a test patient. A partial model is first obtained via thin-plate spline registration between TP and X-ray data of the test patient. The MRIs from the generic model are then fit into the test patient using articulated model registration between the vertebrae of the generic model's MRIs in prone position and the test patient's X-rays in standing position. A non-rigid deformation of the soft tissues is performed using a modified thin-plate spline constrained to maintain bone rigidity and to fit in the space between the vertebrae and the surface of the torso. Results show average Dice values of 0:975 ± 0:012 between the MRIs following inter-patient registration and the surface topography of the test patient, which is comparable to the average value of 0:976 ± 0:009 previously obtained following intra-patient registration. The results also show a significant improvement compared to rigid inter-patient registration. Future work includes validating the method on a larger cohort of patients and incorporating soft tissue stiffness constraints. The method developed can be used to obtain a geometric model of a patient including bone structures, soft tissues and the surface of the torso which can be incorporated in a surgical simulator in order to better predict the outcome of scoliosis surgery, even if MRI data cannot be acquired for the patient.
Unravelling the Role of Electrochemically Active FePO<sub>4</sub> Coating by Atomic Layer Deposition for Increased High‐Voltage Stability of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Cathode Material (2015)

<b>Ultrathin amorphous FePO<sub>4</sub> coating</b> derived by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used to coat the 5 V LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> cathode material powders, which dramatically increases the capacity retention of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. It is believed that the amorphous FePO<sub>4</sub> layer could act as a lithium-ions reservoir and electrochemically active buffer layer during the charge/discharge cycling, helping achieve high capacities in LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, especially at high current densities.
Evaluation of reverse-transcriptase PCR as a diagnostic tool to confirm Japanese encephalitis virus infection (2009)

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious central nervous system infection and major public health problem in several countries of Southeast Asia including India. This study evaluated the use of IgM ELISA and reverse-transcriptase (RT)-PCR in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from acute encephalitis patients for the detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Forty-four children suffering from acute encephalitis were enrolled, and 36 were selected from whom both CSF and serum samples were available. Twenty-two of the 36 CSF samples were positive for JEV by IgM ELISA and all were negative by RT-PCR. Twenty-three of the 36 serum samples were positive by IgM ELISA while 28 were positive by RT-PCR. Total positivity for JEV infection in CSF and serum samples was 66.7% (24/36) and 83.3% (30/36) respectively by one or both tests. The overall positivity for JEV infection was 86.1% (31/36). We suggest that the use of RT-PCR in serum samples during the early days of JEV infection may be helpful in confirming diagnosis in those cases which are negative for JEV-specific IgM antibodies in both serum and CSF samples.
Supramolecular synthon polymorphism in 2 : 1 co-crystal of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (2007)

Co-crystals of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (2 : 1) exhibit the first supramolecular synthon polymorphism in a co-crystal; metastable anti-hierarchic polymorph I converts to stable hierarchic form II.
Angiostatin inhibits endothelial and melanoma cellular invasion by blocking matrix-enhanced plasminogen activation (1999)

Angiostatin, a kringle-containing fragment of plasminogen, is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. The mechanism(s) responsible for the anti-angiogenic properties of angiostatin are unknown. We now report that human angiostatin blocks plasmin(ogen)-enhanced in vitro invasion of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-producing endothelial and melanoma cells. Kinetic analyses demonstrated that angiostatin functions as a non-competitive inhibitor of extracellular-matrix (ECM)-enhanced, t-PA-catalysed plasminogen activation, with a Ki of 0.9+/-0.03 microM. This mechanism suggests that t-PA has a binding site for the inhibitor angiostatin, as well as for its substrate plasminogen that, when occupied, prevents ternary complex formation between t-PA, plasminogen and matrix protein. Direct binding experiments confirmed that angiostatin bound to t-PA with an apparent Kd [Kd(app)] of 6.7+/-0.7 nM, but did not bind with high affinity to ECM proteins. Together, these data suggest that angiostatin in the cellular micro-environment can inhibit matrix-enhanced plasminogen activation, resulting in reduced invasive activity, and suggest a biochemical mechanism whereby angiostatin-mediated regulation of plasmin formation could influence cellular migration and invasion.
Micro-Grid Autonomous Operation During and Subsequent to Islanding Process (2005)

This paper investigates (i) preplanned switching events and (ii) fault events that lead to islanding of a distribution subsystem and formation of a micro-grid. The micro-grid includes two distributed generation (DG) units. One unit is a conventional rotating synchronous machine and the other is interfaced through a power electronic converter. The interface converter of the latter unit is equipped with independent real and reactive power control to minimize islanding transients and maintain both angle stability and voltage quality within the micro-grid. The studies are performed based on a digital computer simulation approach using the PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The studies show that an appropriate control strategy for the power electronically interfaced DG unit can ensure stability of the micro-grid and maintain voltage quality at designated buses, even during islanding transients. This paper concludes that presence of an electronically-interfaced DG unit makes the concept of micro-grid a technically viable option for further investigations.
Image enhancement based on lifting wavelet transform (2009)

The traditional image enhancement algorithms enhance noise signal in image while they enhance image, which leads to the de-scent of information entropy. Designing image enhancement systems with good nature is a goal which all researchers pursue. Method of lifting can best deal with MRA Multi-resolution Analysis method which is time and memory consuming which impedes its real-time application. The process of lifting method was introduced. Method of image enhancement based on lifting wavelet was introduced. The algorithm and traditional wavelet image enhancement algorithms are compared. Result of the experiment indicate, the quality of image have been improved. It is better than traditional wavelet image enhancement algorithms.
Fluorescent Proteins for Cell Biology (2008)

Through the use of exogenous labels, such as antibodies and synthetic fluorophores, experimenters have been able to readily observe the localization of proteins and organelles within a cell by fluorescence microscopy. The discovery and application of fluorescent proteins spanning a large wavelength range have revolutionized these studies. This chapter attempts to introduce the vast array of these molecules, discuss their characteristics, and assess the advantages and disadvantages that each displays for use in imaging.
The BECN1 coiled coil domain (2012)

The coiled-coil domain of BECN1 serves as a protein interaction platform to recruit two major autophagy regulators ATG14 and UVRAG. Our crystal structure of the BECN1 coiled-coil domain reveals a homodimer with an imperfect dimer interface. This "imperfect" feature favors the formation of a stable BECN1-ATG14 or BECN1-UVRAG heterodimer over a metastable BECN1 homodimer to promote autophagy and/or endocytic pathways.
Balancing power consumption in multiprocessor systems (2006)

Actions usually taken to prevent processors from overheating, such as decreasing the frequency or stopping the execution flow, also degrade performance. Multiprocessor systems, however, offer the possibility of moving the task that caused a CPU to overheat away to some other, cooler CPU, so throttling becomes only a last resort taken if all of a system's processors are hot. Additionally, the scheduler can take advantage of the energy characteristics of individual tasks, and distribute hot tasks as well as cool tasks evenly among all CPUs.This work presents a mechanism for determining the energy characteristics of tasks by means of event monitoring counters, and an energy-aware scheduling policy that strives to assign tasks to CPUs in a way that avoids overheating individual CPUs. Our evaluations show that the benefit of avoiding throttling outweighs the overhead of additional task migrations, and that energy-aware scheduling in many cases increases the system's throughput.
Manmade fibers one hundred years: Polymers and polymer design (2001)

Abstract A brief overview of a century of manmade fiber development (particularly technical, i.e., strong and high E‐modulus, fibers), emphasizing the last quarter century where the work increasingly grew in the direction of rational design of new structures, as the understanding of what makes a fiber do its job well grew. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 484–488, 2002
Monolayers and LB Films of Highly Polarizable Oligo(phenylenevinylene) Derivatives (1991)

Abstract Highly polarizable oligo(phenylenevinylene) amphiphiles were synthesized, and their monolayer properties were examined. The corresponding Langmuir–Blodgett films gave optical second harmonic generation.
A Bayesian method for 3D macromolecular structure inference using class average images from single particle electron microscopy (2010)

The software and source code for this method is available for download from our website: http://compbio.cs.toronto.edu/cryoem/.
Possible Release of an ArgGlyArgProGln Pentapeptide with Innate Immunity Properties from Acidic Proline-Rich Proteins by Proteolytic Activity in Commensal <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Actinomyces</i> Species (2000)

This study suggests degradation of salivary acidic proline-rich proteins (PRPs) into potential innate-immunity-like peptides by oral Streptococcus and Actinomyces species. PRP degradation paralleled cleavage of Pro-containing substrates. PRP degradation by S. gordonii strain SK12 instantly released a Pyr(1)-Pro(104)Pro(105) and a Gly(111)-Pro(149)Gln(150) peptide together with a presumed Arg(106)Gly(107)Arg(108)Pro(109)Gln(110) pentapeptide. The synthetic Arg(106)Gly(107)Arg(108)Pro(109)Gln(110) peptide desorbed bound bacteria and counteracted sucrose-induced decrease of dental plaque pH in vitro.
Ointment-based mechlorethamine treatment for mycosis fungoides (1983)

The treatment of skin disease with topical mechlorethamine has been restricted because of the frequent development of contact dermatitis. A series of 43 patients with mycosis fungoides in Stages 1A (17), IB (22), II (2), and III (2) were treated with an ointment-based mechlorethamine, prepared by an anhydrous method. Complete clearing occurred in 26 patients over a 42-month evaluation period. The incidence of contact dermatitis was very low. Only 1 of 31 patients exposed to mechlorethamine for the first time, and only 3 of 12 patients with a history of previous hypersensitivity to mechlorethamine, developed contact dermatitis to the ointment-based mechlorethamine.
Highly Modular Synthesis of <i>C</i><sub>1</sub>‐Symmetric Aminosulfoximines and Their Use as Ligands in Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Mukaiyama‐Aldol Reactions (2005)

The development of C1-symmetric aminosulfoximines, their highly modular synthesis, and their application in enantioselective copper-catalyzed Mukaiyama-type aldol reactions between pyruvates and enolsilanes is described. In this context, the influence of the ligand architecture as well as the optimization of the reaction conditions are discussed. In detail, the dependence of the catalyst efficiency on the solvent, the metal source and the temperature are reported, and an interesting additive effect is highlighted. Furthermore, the substrate scope will be presented. With the optimized catalyst system, a number of aldol products with quaternary stereogenic centers have been obtained in high yields and with enantiomeric excesses up to 99 %.
House approves energy spending bill (1990)

This article reviews the 1991 Energy and Water Appropriations Act approved on June 19 and the distribution of its 2.3 billion dollars. Allocations from this budget go to administration an the creation of new oversight and regulation bodies, to fund research and demonstration programs on solar and other renewable energy sources, electric energy systems and energy storage and nuclear energy.
Context-aware efficient message propagation (2012)

Applications such as Facebook, Twitter and Foursquare brought the massification of personal short messages, distributed in (soft) real-time on the Internet to a large number of users. These messages are complemented with rich contextual information such as the identity, time and location of the person sending the message.
Análise da estabilidade de agregados de solos da microbacia do Ribeirão São Domingos, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo – SP, sob diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação (2012)

O uso e o manejo agrcola e urbano do solo, alm de provocar alteraes em suas propriedades fsicas e qumicas, afetam a estabilidade dos seus agregados e, consequentemente, a resistncia dos solos eroso hdrica. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar as propriedades fsicas e qumicas, assim como a estabilidade dos agregados dos solos da Microbacia do Ribeiro So Domingos, municpio de Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo -SP, em cinco sistemas de uso e ocupao: cultivo de cana-de-acar (CCA), pastagem (PA), solo urbano (SU), mata nativa (MN) e cultivo de soja em rotao com culturas de inverno (CSCI). Os ndices de agregao analisados apontaram, em ordem decrescente de qualidade estrutural, os usos PA, MN, CSCI, CCA e SU. Os principais fatores que influenciaram a agregao dos solos so o uso e manejo, os quais tm relao direta com a cobertura vegetal e com o aporte e manuteno da matria orgnica. O uso CSCI apresentou as caractersticas qumicas mais adequadas em funo do sistema de cultivo adotado e da adubao, e o uso MN apresentou densidade do
Gait dynamics in mouse models of Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease (2005)

The distinct characteristics of gait and gait variability in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease and the 3NP model of Huntington's disease may reflect impairment of specific neural pathways involved.
Mouse models of Rett syndrome: from behavioural phenotyping to preclinical evaluation of new therapeutic approaches (2008)

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, primarily affecting girls. RTT causes severe cognitive, social, motor and physiological impairments and no cure currently exists. The discovery of a monogenic origin for RTT and the subsequent generation of RTT mouse models provided a major breakthrough for RTT research. Although the characterization of these mutant mice is far from complete, they recapitulate several RTT symptoms. This review provides an overview of the behavioural domains so far investigated in these models, including the very few mouse data concerning the developmental course of RTT. Both clinical and animal studies support the presence of early defects and highlight the importance of probing the presymptomatic phase for both the precocious identification of biomarkers and the early assessment of potential therapies. Preclinical evaluations of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions so far carried out are also illustrated. In addition, genetic manipulations are reported that demonstrate rescue from the damage caused by the absence of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene even at a mature stage. Given the rare occurrence of RTT cases, transnational collaborative networks are expected to provide a deeper understanding of aetiopathology and the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Laminar mixing of polymeric liquids; a brief review and recent theoretical developments (1983)

Abstract This work concerns itself with laminar mixing of viscous liquids. The primary focus is on mechanical mixing of immiscible fluids but mixing of diffusing and reacting fluids is also briefly considered. Operations such as thermal homogenization and reactive mixing usually not treated in the context of laminar mixing are also included here. The emphasis is on mixing of polymeric liquids and on basic experimentation and theory. Dispersion of solids, mechanisms of demixing (such as gradient coagulation), properties of mixtures, and the description of mixing equipment are not considered. There are no substantial reviews covering developments of theory and applications in laminar mixing in terms of a fundamental unifying theory and analyses relating operating variables to mixing quality. This review, although an attempt in this direction, is not self sufficient and cannot stand alone without recourse to the indicated references. The reader is assumed to have some familiarity with the literature on mixing. Thus, basic concepts are not explained but merely reviewed. Emphasis is given to recent theoretical developments; application examples are provided. The objective here is to condense results from several diverse sources, to present and extend recent developments, to point out the relation of the subject to seemingly unrelated work, and to suggest areas for further research.
Acute neuropathy mimicking porphyria induced by aminolevulinic acid during photodynamic therapy (2004)

An 82-year-old man developed severe, acute, predominantly motor polyneuropathy, signs of autonomic involvement, and skin changes following aminolevulinic acid (ALA) administration. The compound was used as a prodrug for photodynamic therapy of Barrett's esophagitis. Changes were observed in various parameters of the heme pathway. The case reported represents a rare response to ALA treatment, resembling an acute attack of hepatic porphyria with neurological features.
Fact or Fiction: Verifying Scientific Claims (2020)

David Wadden, Shanchuan Lin, Kyle Lo, Lucy Lu Wang, Madeleine van Zuylen, Arman Cohan, Hannaneh Hajishirzi. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). 2020.
An implementation of the Yarrow PRNG for FreeBSD (2002)

Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes.
Audio Segmentation and Speaker Localization in Meeting Videos (2006)

Segmenting different individuals in a group meeting and their speech is an important first step for various tasks such as meeting transcription, automatic camera panning, multimedia retrieval and monologue detection. In this effort, given a meeting room video, we attempt to segment individual person’s speech and localize them in the video, based on data from a single audio and video source. The segmentation method is driven by audio and enhanced by video cues. We used Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to segment the feature vector streams and graph spectral partitioning to cluster them. We compare our results with audio based segmentation method and our localization technique with the commonly used mutual information.
Tailored edge-ray concentrators for solar energy applications: approaching the thermodynamic limit to concentration (1993)

We present a new type of ideal non-imaging secondary concentrator, the tailored edge-ray concentrator (TERC), that can closely approach the thermodynamic limit of concentration, and illustrate it for both linear and point-focus Fresnel reflectors. For large rim-angle heliostat fields, practical-sized secondaries with shapes that should be relatively easy to fabricate can achieve concentrations substantially above those of compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs). This superiority stems from designing so as to accommodate the particular flux from the heliostat field. The edge-ray principle used for generating the new secondary dictates a heliostat tracking strategy different from the conventional one, but equally easy to implement.
Genomics and host specialization of honey bee and bumble bee gut symbionts (2014)

Gilliamella apicola and Snodgrassella alvi are dominant members of the honey bee (Apis spp.) and bumble bee (Bombus spp.) gut microbiota. We generated complete genomes of the type strains G. apicola wkB1(T) and S. alvi wkB2(T) (isolated from Apis), as well as draft genomes for four other strains from Bombus. G. apicola and S. alvi were found to occupy very different metabolic niches: The former is a saccharolytic fermenter, whereas the latter is an oxidizer of carboxylic acids. Together, they may form a syntrophic network for partitioning of metabolic resources. Both species possessed numerous genes [type 6 secretion systems, repeats in toxin (RTX) toxins, RHS proteins, adhesins, and type IV pili] that likely mediate cell-cell interactions and gut colonization. Variation in these genes could account for the host fidelity of strains observed in previous phylogenetic studies. Here, we also show the first experimental evidence, to our knowledge, for this specificity in vivo: Strains of S. alvi were able to colonize their native bee host but not bees of another genus. Consistent with specific, long-term host association, comparative genomic analysis revealed a deep divergence and little or no gene flow between Apis and Bombus gut symbionts. However, within a host type (Apis or Bombus), we detected signs of horizontal gene transfer between G. apicola and S. alvi, demonstrating the importance of the broader gut community in shaping the evolution of any one member. Our results show that host specificity is likely driven by multiple factors, including direct host-microbe interactions, microbe-microbe interactions, and social transmission.
Incremental forming of Titanium T40 sheet: experimental and numerical investigations (2019)

National audience
Nitroarenes – the simple way to liquid crystalline fluoroalkyl–aryl ethers (2010)

An inexpensive and simple method of synthesis of highly fluorinated alkyl–aryl ethers with nitro- and cyano-group at the para-position was described. Obtained ethers were converted to liquid-crystalline biphenyls, tolanes, esters and pyrimidines.