gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4-D ICE: A 2-D Array Transducer With Integrated ASIC in a 10-Fr Catheter for Real-Time 3-D Intracardiac Echocardiography (2016)

We developed a 2.5 ×6.6 mm <sup>2</sup> 2 -D array transducer with integrated transmit/receive application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for real-time 3-D intracardiac echocardiography (4-D ICE) applications. The ASIC and transducer design were optimized so that the high-voltage transmit, low-voltage time-gain control and preamp, subaperture beamformer, and digital control circuits for each transducer element all fit within the 0.019-mm <sup>2</sup> area of the element. The transducer assembly was deployed in a 10-Fr (3.3-mm diameter) catheter, integrated with a GE Vivid E9 ultrasound imaging system, and evaluated in three preclinical studies. The 2-D image quality and imaging modes were comparable to commercial 2-D ICE catheters. The 4-D field of view was at least 90 <sup>°</sup> ×60 <sup>°</sup> ×8 cm and could be imaged at 30 vol/s, sufficient to visualize cardiac anatomy and other diagnostic and therapy catheters. 4-D ICE should significantly reduce X-ray fluoroscopy use and dose during electrophysiology ablation procedures. 4-D ICE may be able to replace transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and the associated risks and costs of general anesthesia, for guidance of some structural heart procedures.
Interleukin-2 induces development of dendritic cells from cord blood CD34+ cells (1998)

Dendritic cells (DC) have been shown to develop along a myeloid or lymphoid lineage of differentiation propagated from bone marrow or early thymic precursor cells with hematopoietic cytokines. In our study, we have induced growth and differentiation of DC from cord blood CD34+ cells initiated in interleukin-2 (IL-2) alone or in IL-2 + stem cell factor (SCF) + tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-supplemented medium and cultured with IL-2 or IL-2 + SCF for 28-35 days. Dendritic morphology and antigenic phenotype of DC grown with IL-2 were characteristic for DC cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Growth and differentiation of DC was followed by an increase in expression of MHC II and co-stimulating molecules CD80 and CD86. We have also shown the expression of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) gamma-chain in CD34+ cells after 2-3 days of culture with IL-2 alone. The co-expression of the IL-2R alpha, beta, and gamma subunits in both DC cultured with IL-2- or GM-CSF-containing cocktail of cytokines was also shown. The time curve for induction of IL-2R demonstrated low levels of subunit expression at the beginning of culture. The number of CD1a cells co-expressing CD25, CD122, and CDgamma increased to about 24-68 and to 78-95% after 21 and 28-35 days, respectively. Development of natural killer cells was shown along with DC. The proportion of CD56+ cells and cytotoxicity increased in a time-dependent manner.
Gold nanoparticle-based exonuclease III signal amplification for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of folate receptor (2014)

By combining terminal protection of small molecule (folate)-capped DNA probes, exonuclease III signal amplification and gold nanoparticles, we developed a simple and label-free colorimetric assay for highly sensitive detection of folate receptor.
The Sodium Pump (1994)

The sodium of animal cell membranes converts the chemical energy obtained from the hydrolysis of adenosine 5' -triphosphate into a movement of the cations Na + and K + against an electrochemical gradi
Studies on characteristics and mechanisms of X–MoO<sub>3</sub> synergism in fire‐retarded epoxy resin (1992)

Abstract Molybdenum trioxide was incorporated into epoxy resin, containing halogen additive, and the performance of the system was studied. The results from LOI measurements show that X–MoO 3 synergism in fire‐retarded epoxy resin depends on the levels both of halogen and MoO 3 , and that when Mo/X ratio is 1/3, the maximum fire retardancy is not found in the synergistic combination. The thermal analysis was carried out by thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction, and laser Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that MoO 3 acts as a synergist in condensed phase. The mode of X–MoO 3 synergism in fire‐retarded epoxy resin in proposed.
<i>Fluorescence Interferometry</i> (2008)

The use of fluorescence radiation is of fundamental importance for tackling measurement problems in the life sciences, with recent demonstrations of probing biological systems at the nanoscale. Usually, fluorescent light–based tools and techniques use the intensity of light waves, which is easily measured by detectors. However, the phase of a fluorescence wave contains subtle, but no less important, information about the wave; yet, it has been largely unexplored. Here, we introduce the concept of fluorescence interferometry to allow the measurement of phase information of fluorescent light waves. In principle, fluorescence interferometry can be considered a unique form of optical low‐coherence interferometry that uses fluorophores as a light source of low temporal coherence. Fluorescence interferometry opens up new avenues for developing new fluorescent light–based imaging, sensing, ranging, and profiling methods that to some extent resemble interferometric techniques based on white light sources. We propose two experimental realizations of fluorescence interferometry that detect the interference pattern cast by the fluorescence fields. This article discusses their measurement capabilities and limitations and compares them with those offered by optical low‐coherence interferometric schemes. We also describe applications of fluorescence interferometry to imaging, ranging, and profiling tasks and present experimental evidences of wide‐field cross‐sectional imaging with high resolution and large range of depth, as well as quantitative profiling with nanometer‐level precision. Finally, we point out future research directions in fluorescence interferometry, such as fluorescence tomography of whole organisms and the extension to molecular interferometry by means of quantum dots and bioluminescence.
Methotrexate therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (2001)

There are 12 non-controlled and only two controlled studies using methotrexate (MTX) in a total of 207 SLE patients in the literature. The majority of these studies evaluated mainly cutaneous and/or articular involvement and attained good results. Two studies evaluated a small number of patients with lupus nephritis, achieving discordant results. Two other studies in pediatric onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) also presented conflicting results, it being relevant that the one with poor response had the majority of patients with nephritis. One of the controlled trials was retrospective and concluded that MTX was effective in the treatment of antimalarial-resistant lupus arthritis and that toxicity leading to discontinuation of MTX was infrequent. The other controlled study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that evaluated SLE patients with mild activity. The authors concluded that MTX was effective in controlling cutaneous and articular activity and permitted prednisone dose reduction. The side effects were frequent but only 10% of patients needed to discontinue the medication. The accumulative evidence suggests that MTX in a low weekly dose may be effective in SLE patients with articular and/or cutaneous involvement with no response to antimalarials and low-dose prednisone and in patients in whom we can not reduce prednisone dose due to articular or cutaneous activity. Caution is required concerning the side effects.
Artificial dense lattice of magnetic bubbles (2016)

Co/Pt multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are irradiated by focused He+ ion beam to locally reduce the anisotropy value. The irradiated spots with a diameter of 100 nm are arranged in a square lattice with 200 nm period. The formation of the nonuniform periodic magnetic structure is observed without changes in the film topography. The spatial symmetry of the magnetic force microscopy signal and the specific shape of magnetization curves indicate the formation of the magnetic bubbles or magnetic vortices within the irradiated spot depending on the irradiation dose. The experimental data are in a good agreement with micromagnetic simulations of the system.
Critical factors determining the quantification capability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization– time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2016)

Quantitative analysis with mass spectrometry (MS) is important but challenging. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) coupled with time-of-flight (TOF) MS offers superior sensitivity, resolution and speed, but such techniques have numerous disadvantages that hinder quantitative analyses. This review summarizes essential obstacles to analyte quantification with MALDI-TOF MS, including the complex ionization mechanism of MALDI, sensitive characteristics of the applied electric fields and the mass-dependent detection efficiency of ion detectors. General quantitative ionization and desorption interpretations of ion production are described. Important instrument parameters and available methods of MALDI-TOF MS used for quantitative analysis are also reviewed.This article is part of the themed issue 'Quantitative mass spectrometry'.
Strahldüsenreaktoren. Teil II: Stoffaustauschbeziehungen für die Gasabsorption mit chemischer Reaktion bei extremer Variation der Filmdicke (1970)

Abstract Zur Klärung des Stoffaustausches in Strahldüsenreaktoren wird ein Modell für den Fall extrem dünner Flüssigkeitsfilme abgeleitet und an die traditionelle Filmtheorie angeschlossen. Für den Fall einer chemischen Reaktion zweiter Ordnung wird der Übergang vom instationären zum quasistationären Zustand untersucht und gezeigt, daß über den gesamten Bereich des Strahldüsenreaktors bei der Oxidation von Na 2 SO 3 zu Na 2 SO 4 mit Luft dieselbe quasistationäre Auswertungsbeziehung gilt.
Demonstration of ultra-flattened dispersion in photonic crystal fibers (2002)

We demonstrate photonic crystal fibers with ultra-flattened, near zero dispersion. Two micro-structured fibers showing dispersion of 0 +/- 0.6 ps/nm.km from 1.24 microm-1.44 microm wavelength and 0 +/- 1.2 ps/nm.km over 1 microm-1.6 microm wavelength have been measured.
Test Case Selection Based on Path Condtions of Symbolic Execution (2012)

Symbolic execution as a test case generation technique has recently become an active research area. However, since symbolic execution generates a large number of test cases, it is impractical to run all the generated test cases in practice. In this paper, we present a test case selection method for a symbolic execution-based test case generation. This method has the following two characteristics. 1)Test cases which cover atomic conditions collected during symbolic execution, called path condition-based, are selected to keep the fault-detection capability. 2)This method does not depend on a particular symbolic execution engine since it is based on an analysis of path conditions in a general format. We implemented this method in our tool and evaluated this method with real systems. Our evaluation shows that the method produces a significant reduction in the size of the test suite while effectively preserving its fault-detection capability. We also demonstrate that the method is compatible with practically any symbolic execution engine, including the popular tools Java Path Finder and KLEE.
The Gaps Between Consecutive Binomial Coefficients (1990)

Among all combinatorial quantities, the binomial coefficients are unique. They are simple in concept and derivation, yet they appear in almost all the combinatorial identities and seem to give rise to an endless variety of problems. In this note we investigate one such problem whicn we believe to be new. Put in a simple way, the problem is to determine the smallest and largest gaps between consecutive binomial coefficients in any row of Pascal's triangle. More precisely, for positive integers n and k with n _ 2 and 1 _ k< n, we define
Contributed Review: Nuclear magnetic resonance core analysis at 0.3 T (2014)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides a powerful toolbox for petrophysical characterization of reservoir core plugs and fluids in the laboratory. Previously, there has been considerable focus on low field magnet technology for well log calibration. Now there is renewed interest in the study of reservoir samples using stronger magnets to complement these standard NMR measurements. Here, the capabilities of an imaging magnet with a field strength of 0.3 T (corresponding to 12.9 MHz for proton) are reviewed in the context of reservoir core analysis. Quantitative estimates of porosity (saturation) and pore size distributions are obtained under favorable conditions (e.g., in carbonates), with the added advantage of multidimensional imaging, detection of lower gyromagnetic ratio nuclei, and short probe recovery times that make the system suitable for shale studies. Intermediate field instruments provide quantitative porosity maps of rock plugs that cannot be obtained using high field medical scanners due to the field-dependent susceptibility contrast in the porous medium. Example data are presented that highlight the potential applications of an intermediate field imaging instrument as a complement to low field instruments in core analysis and for materials science studies in general.
Design and evaluation of an echelle grating optical system for ICP-OES (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign and evaluation of an echelle grating optical system for ICP-OESThomas W. Barnard, Michael I. Crockett, Juan C. Ivaldi, and Peter L. LundbergCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 9, 1225–1230Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00057a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00057a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1216Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sequence of the exon-containing regions of the human factor VIII gene (1992)

Journal Article Sequence of the exon-containing regions of the human factor VIII gene Get access Jane Gitschier, Jane Gitschier 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Medicine, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco, CA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William I. Wood William I. Wood * Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc.S. San Francisco, CA 94080 *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 1, Issue 3, June 1992, Pages 199–200, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/1.3.199 Published: 01 June 1992 Article history Received: 19 March 1992 Published: 01 June 1992
Acute toxicity of methyl isocyanate: a preliminary study of the dose response for eye and other effects. (1985)

Acute toxic effects of methyl isocyanate in the rat were determined for two hour exposures to concentrations in the range 11 ppm (very slight effect) to 65 ppm (lethality: pulmonary oedema). Changes in the eye, lungs, and behaviour were noted. Eye changes were confined to erosions of the corneal epithelium and were most severe at intermediate levels of exposure. A comparison was made of the effects noted in rats with reported effects on survivors of the Bhopal disaster. Urinary thiocyanate concentrations in exposed rats were found to be reduced relative to control values.
Quick Closing Light Shutter (1965)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. S. Dike, E. L. Kemp; Quick Closing Light Shutter. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 August 1965; 36 (8): 1256–1257. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1719861 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Is There a Relationship between Ovarian Epithelial Dysplasia and Infertility? (2012)

Aim. Ovarian epithelial dysplasia was initially described in material from prophylactic oophorectomies performed in patients at genetic risk of ovarian cancer. Similar histopathological abnormalities have been revealed after ovulation stimulation. Since infertility is also a risk factor for ovarian neoplasia, the aim of this study was to study the relationship between infertility and ovarian dysplasia. Methods. We blindly reviewed 127 histopathological slides of adnexectomies or ovarian cystectomies according to three groups-an exposed group to ovulation induction (n = 30), an infertile group without stimulation (n = 35), and a spontaneously fertile control group (n = 62)-in order to design an eleven histopathological criteria scoring system. Results. The ovarian dysplasia score was significantly higher in exposed group whereas dysplasia score was low in infertile and control groups (resp., 8.21 in exposed group, 3.69 for infertile patients, and 3.62 for the controls). In the subgroup with refractory infertility there was a trend towards a more severe dysplasia score (8.53 in ovulation induction group and 5.1 in infertile group). Conclusion. These results raise questions as to the responsibility of drugs used to induce ovulation and/or infertility itself in the genesis of ovarian epithelial dysplasia.
Reversible Denaturation of Enzymes by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (1971)

Successful renaturation of several oligomeric enzymes after denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate is described. The results obtained suggest a general procedure for reactivation of enzymes after treatment with this detergent. Proteins in dodecyl sulfate solution are first incubated in concentrated urea and are then freed of the detergent by an anion exchange resin. The resulting dodecyl sulfate-free proteins can be renatured from urea solution by standard procedures. This method has also been used to recover enzymatic activity in moderate yields of some proteins after electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Transport and equilibrium phenomena in gas–elastomer systems. I. Kinetic phenomena (1948)

Abstract The influence has been studied of systematic alterations in the amount of cross linking in elastomers upon diffusion coefficients and permeability constants in elastomers of homologous paraffin hydrocarbons. In a number of such media the influence of chain length of the paraffins upon the transport phenomena has also been investigated, using CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 3 H 8 , and n ‐C 4 H 10 . Apparent activation energies for permeation ( E p ) and for diffusion ( E D ) for degrees of vulcanization up to 11.3% combined sulfur are in the decreasing order: For low vulcanizates, E P is not very sensitive to the per cent sulfur. However for higher percentages of sulfur, E P tends to rise, especially when the migrating molecule is a large one. E D is rather more sensitive both to molecular size and to per cent combined sulfur. Both E P and E D for natural rubber vulcanizates show definite temperature coefficients, manifested as curvature when log 10 D or log 10 P is plotted against 1/ T . Such curvature was absent, however, in butyl rubber. The results have been interpreted in terms of the molecular nature of elastic networks and in terms of the kinetic‐statistical (zone) theory and the transitionstate theory. All treatments indicate the need for a considerable zone of activation for each unit diffusion process, confirming an earlier investigation. When, in the Arrhenius equation, D = D 0 e , one plots log 10 D 0 against E D / T , the clear functional relationship: emerges. A simple interpretation of this and of similar functional relationships for other “activated” physical and chemical rate processes has been given.
A new statistical approach to estimate global file populations in the eDonkey P2P file sharing system (2009)

In this paper, we propose a new statistical approach, also known in biology under the name capture-recapture methods in order to estimate global population statistics from local observations. Evaluating population sizes in P2P systems has received much attention lately as these may be useful to set system parameters, to derive other system statistics or to predict system performance. As these systems are very large, encompassing several millions of users and since they are highly distributed estimating population sizes is a challenging task. More precisely we are interested in estimating the number of file replicas in the system, i.e., the size of the population of users possessing given files. To this end we propose a capture-recapture method which is both computationally efficient and accurate. The method proposed allows deriving global population statistics from local and time limited observations. We apply the method on a measurement data set of several days on a residential network. We compare the results obtained from direct counting procedures with those derived with the proposed methodology.
Ultra-Compact Plasmonic Microresonator with Efficient Thermo-Optic Tuning, High Quality Factor and Small Mode Volume (2013)

We propose an ultra-compact plasmonic microresonator with high thermo-optic tuning efficiency (~ 4 nm/100 K), high quality factor (~ 350), and small mode volume (~ 0.01 μm3). This microresonator has potential in on-chip components, thermal sensing, and micro/nano-lasing.
[Study on expression of Fas/FasL and HBV antigens in liver tissue of patients with hepatitis B]. (2001)

The apoptosis mediated by Fas/FasL may play an important role in the hepatocellular injury in hepatitis B. No correlation was found between the degrees of Fas/FasL expression and the presence of HBsAg and HBcAg in the liver.