gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Millimeter Wave Subscriber Loops (1983)

Advantages and drawbacks of using millimeter waves in the telephone and data subscriber distribution network are listed. Fields in which it seems attractive to use millimeter wave loops are examined. For such applications, cost and reliability constraints led to the design of very simple systems. Two systems will soon be introduced into the French subscriber plant. The first one will be commissioned in 1983 to connect groups of remote subscribers, working at 31 GHz, using a homodyne millimetric front end. The second one, still under experiment, is designed for the connection of subscribers of the integrated service communication network; working at 23 GHz, it uses time-division multiplexing to assume duplex operation. The most drastic constraint when setting up such systems is the line-of-sight requirement. Investigations of that problem, using computer-aided coverage map plotting are discussed.
Thermodynamics of Hydrophobic Interaction of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions (2002)

We have used microcalorimetry to measure the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and enthalpies of micellization (ΔHmic) of the series of dissymmetric cationic gemini surfactants, [CmH2m+1(CH3)2N(CH2)6N(CH3)2CnH2n+1]Br2, designated as CmC6CnBr2, with constant n + m = 24 and n = 6, 8, 10, 11, 12. There is a small decrease in CMC as the ratio m/n increases but this decrease is not much larger than the error. On the other hand there is a very large decrease in the enthalpy of micellization with m/n. This is consistent with a large increase in the hydrophobic contribution to micellization with m/n. To explain the relative invariance of the CMC, there must be a corresponding large increase in the entropy of micellization with m/n. The change in the hydrophobic contribution is explained in terms of the relative strengths of internal and external hydrophobic contacts down the series.
Multidimensional chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in analysing complex proteomics samples (2010)

Multidimensional chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC(n)-MS) provides more separation power and an extended measured dynamic concentration range to analyse complex proteomics samples than one dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (1D-LC-MS). This review gives an overview of the most important aspects of LC(n)-MS with respect to optimizing peak capacity and evaluate orthogonality. We review recent developments in LC(n)-MS to analyse proteomics samples from the analyst point of view and give an overview over methods and future developments to process LC(n)-MS data for comprehensive differential protein expression profiling. Examples from our research, such as combining protein fractionation using high temperature reverse phase (RP) columns followed by analysis of the trypsin-digested fractions by RP LC-MS, serve to highlight possibilities and shortcomings of present-day approaches. Other LC(n)-MS systems that have been used to analyse highly complex shotgun proteomic samples, such as the combination of RP columns using low and high pH eluents or the combination of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with RP-MS is discussed in detail.
Highly Efficient, Iodine‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with Solid‐State Synthesis of Conducting Polymers (2011)

A solid-state polymerizable conductive monomer with good conductivity and penetration to the photoelectrode is introduced to iodine-free, solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using an easily accessible and widely applicable fabrication method. A conducting polymer as a hole transporting material effectively penetrates into the TiO2 pores and polymerizes with heating to mild temperatures. The fabricated DSSCs exhibited the highest energy conversion efficiency of 5.4% in N719 dye. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Difference in Binding of Killed and Live <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Serotypes by C‐Reactive Protein (1997)

The binding and opsonic properties of C-reactive protein (CRP) for various species of bacteria were investigated. CRP bound more avidly to killed than to live Streptococcus pneumoniae, the binding varying among various serotypes; CRP hardly bound to a number of other bacterial species studied. CRP enhanced complement-dependent phagocytosis of live S. pneumoniae by granulocytes but did not enhance the phagocytosis of live Staphylococcus aureus or group B streptococci. We suppose that CRP may serve as an opsonin for killed bacteria and bacterial debris but is probably not an important opsonin for live bacteria other than S. pneumoniae.
Down Regulation of the Interleukin-8 Promoter by Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 and E7 through Effects on CREB Binding Protein/p300 and P/CAF (2002)

Previously, we reported that human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 binds to C/H1, C/H3, and the C-terminal domains of coactivators p300 and CBP, causing the modulation of the transcription of certain genes controlled by NF-kappaB (p65 or relA) and p53. To establish the biological significance of these observations, we have focused on the transcriptional regulation of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a potent chemoattractant for T lymphocytes and neutrophils, which is also essential for the initiation of the local immune response. The IL-8 promoter is regulated by NF-kappaB/p65 in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha and requires the cooperation of the coactivators CBP/p300 and steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC-1) and the p300/CBP-associated factor (P/CAF) for optimal activation. Here we report that, in the presence of HPV-16 E6, the promoter activity of IL-8 was repressed. Moreover, from the mutational analysis of the IL-8 promoter, we found that E6 down-regulates the IL-8 promoter activity through the NF-kappaB/p65 binding site. This inhibition appears to result from the ability of HPV-16 E6 to compete with NF-kappaB/p65 and SRC-1 for binding to the N terminus and C terminus of CBP, respectively. Reporter data also showed that E7 represses IL-8 promoter activity, though to a lesser extent than E6 but, like E6, the repression by E7 is through the NF-kappaB/p65 binding site. E7 was shown for the first time to bind to P/CAF, and the binding was necessary for the down regulation of the IL-8 promoter. E6 and E7 together inhibited transcription of the IL-8 promoter to a greater extent than either alone. Finally, by RNase protection assay, we showed that the synthesis of endogenous IL-8 mRNA was repressed in keratinocytes stably expressing E6 and E7. Taken together, the results provide evidence that E6 and E7 can cooperatively disrupt IL-8 transcription through disruption of transcriptional active complexes, and this may have important consequences for immune responses in infected hosts.
Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Property of Zeolite L (1970)

シリカゾル,アルミン酸カリウムおよび水酸化カリウム混合物からゼオライトLを合成した。生成物の吸着特性および加熱特性を石英スプリング,標準容量法およびX線回折法によって調べた。ゼオライトLの生成は酸化カリウムの量および溶液の濃度に依存し,組成が7K20,AI208,20SiO2,450H20あるいは8K20,AI203,20Sio2,500H20の混合物からゼオライトLはよい収率で合成された。生成したゼオライトLの吸着特性はべンゼンあるいはメシチレンの吸着に対してモレキュラーシープ13Xと類似である。ゼナライトLの構造は800℃処理まで安定であって,900℃で無定形となる。しかし加熱処理したゼオライトLの比表面積は700℃でいちじるしく滅少する。これは加熱処理によって主空孔で部分的なシンターリングを起こすため,細孔がふさがれるためと考えられる。
Idiopathic Senile Macular Hole (1988)

Evidence is presented that idiopathic senile macular hole is caused by focal shrinkage of the vitreous cortex in the foveal area. The most reliable biomicroscopic signs of impending hole formation (stage 1) are the development of a yellow spot or ring in the center of the fovea, loss of the foveal depression, and no evidence of separation of the vitreous from the foveal retina. Although in a majority of eyes with stage 1 changes there is a progression to hole formation, spontaneous separation of the vitreous without hole formation may occur in some cases (44%) and cause characteristic biomicroscopic changes, including foveal reattachment, disappearance of the yellow spot or ring, and, in some cases, a pseudo-operculum, with one or more lamellar holes or facets. A prospective collaborative study is recommended to confirm these findings and to test the clinical value of surgical peeling of the vitreous cortex in eyes with stage 1 changes as a means of preventing hole formation.
Autocrine, endocrine and paracrine regulation of growth abnormalities in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. (1993)

Genetic polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an autosomal dominant trait in man, the phenotypic expression of which is characterized by enormous cystic enlargement of renal tubules. Since this is, in part, a result of aberrant epithelial cell proliferation, the nature of this defect has been characterized by comparison of growth factor action on defined epithelial primary monolayer cultures derived from individually microdissected normal human renal proximal and distal tubules and ADPKD cyst-lining epithelia. Mitogenic assays showed an increased sensitivity of ADPKD epithelia to stimulation by the combination of the endocrine factors hydrocortisone (dexamethasone) and insulin, and Northern analysis suggested increased levels of insulin receptor steady state mRNA. The most potent, single mitogen was epidermal growth factor (EGF), and hypersensitivity to EGF in ADPKD epithelia was correlated with increased mRNA levels for EGF receptor in ADPKD kidneys. The localization in vivo of EGF immunoreactivity in ADPKD cyst-lining epithelia and in (apical) cyst fluids and the demonstration of EGF-receptor immunostaining and specific [125I]EGF binding to apical cell surfaces suggested an autocrine mechanism of growth stimulation by EGF in ADPKD epithelia. Transforming growth factor beta was an inhibitor of normal renal tubule proliferation but was unable to completely inhibit EGF stimulation in ADPKD cultures. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) immunoreactivity which was also seen in ADPKD cyst epithelia, was not mitogenic to ADPKD epithelia but did stimulate division in ADPKD fibroblasts in vitro. This suggested a paracrine regulation of the observed fibrosis in ADPKD.
Micrografts (1992)

A novel technique for producing micronized skin grafts that was introduced in a paper presented at the 1990 ABA meeting was evaluated to quantify maximum expansion. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups representing 10:1 and 25:1 expanded micrograft ratios, respectively. Grafted sites in both groups were shown to heal better than those of the control group, and both grafted groups showed comparable healing at day 10.
β<sup>2</sup>‐ and β<sup>3</sup>‐Peptides with Proteinaceous Side Chains: Synthesis and solution structures of constitutional isomers, a novel helical secondary structure and the influence of solvation and hydrophobic interactions on folding (1998)

Abstract Enantiomerically pure β‐amino‐acid derivatives with the side chains of Ala, Val, and Leu in the 2‐ or 3‐position (β 2 ‐ and β 3 ‐amino acids, resp.), as well as with substituents in both the 2‐ and 3‐positions (β 2,3 ‐amino acids, of like ‐configuration) have been prepared (compounds 8 – 17 ) and incorporated (by stepwise synthesis and fragment coupling, intermediates 24 – 34 ) into β‐hexa‐, β‐hepta‐, and β‐dodecapeptides ( 1 – 17 ). The new and some of the previously prepared β‐peptides ( 35 – 39 ) showed NH/ND exchange rates (in MeOH at room temperature) with τ 1/2 values of up to 60 days, unrivalled by short chain α‐peptides. All β‐peptides 1 – 7 were designed to be able to attain the previously described 3 1 ‐helical structure ( Figs. 1 and 2 ). CD Measurements ( Fig. 4 ), indicating a new secondary structure of certain β‐peptides constructed of β 2 ‐ and β 3 ‐amino acids, were confirmed by detailed NMR solution‐structure analyses: a β 2 ‐heptapeptide ( 2c ) and a β 2,3 ‐hexapeptide ( 7c ) have the 3 1 ‐helical structure ( Figs. 6 and 7 ), while to a β 2 /β 3 ‐hexapeptide ( 4 ) with alternating substitution pattern H‐(β 2 ‐Xaa‐β 3 ‐Xaa) 3 ‐OH a novel, unusual helical structure (in (D 5 )pyridine, Fig. 8 ; and in CD 3 OH, Figs. 9 and 10 ) was assigned, with a central ten‐membered and two terminal twelve‐membered H‐bonded rings, and with CO and NH bonds pointing alternatively up and down along the axis of the helix ( Fig. 11 ). Thus, for the first time, two types of β‐peptide turns have been identified in solution. Hydrophobic interactions of and hindrance to solvent accessibility by the aliphatic side chains are discussed as possible factors influencing the relative stability of the two types of helices.
Guest editorial special issue on monte carlo methods for statistical signal processing (2002)

HE importance of Monte Carlo methods for inference in science and engineering problems has grown steadily over the past decade. This growth has largely been propelled by an explosive increase in accessible computing power. In association with this growth in computing, it has become clear that Monte Carlo methods can significantly expand the class of problems that can be addressed practically. One area that has seen the benefits of these developments and has shown noteworthy advances is statistical signal processing. Monte Carlo methods originated in theoretical physics, where they were used for simulation of highly complex systems. Later, their use spread to other disciplines. Compared with more traditional techniques, Monte Carlo methods have much greater flexibility for the solution of challenging computational problems, including optimization and integration. Such problems abound in statistical signal processing, and therefore, it is not surprising that Monte Carlo methods are rapidly becoming a regular tool for tackling them. A common feature of these methods is the drawing of random samples from relevant probability distributions and the subsequent use of these samples for the computation of various estimates, for decision making, and for inference problems in general. Monte Carlo methods have, in recent years, been most commonly associated with inference in the Bayesian paradigm, and this emphasis is refelcted in the contents of this Special Issue. For example, the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling for high-dimensional parameter estimation or the reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling for model selection (detection) are rapidly finding acceptance in the signal processing community. Similarly, in adaptive signal processing, the exploitation of Monte Carlo particle filtering for tracking of dynamic signals and sequential estimation of their parameters is proliferating in applications. More recently, other methods, such as perfect sampling, are gaining in popularity and interest. Finally, Monte Carlo methods such as the bootstrap and importance sampling, which have been standard techniques for quite some time in a statistician’s repertoire, are still finding novel applications in signal processing. The objective of this Special Issue is to present the latest research results in Monte Carlo methods for statistical signal processing and to bring their enourmous scope even closer to the
<title>Hardware implementation of perspective transformations on MPEG-4 video objects</title> (1998)

Within the European Emphasis project, the architecture of a co-processor for MPEG-4 video rendering has been specified. This co-processor has a dedicated unit that performs the inverse perspective transform of video objects for final frame composition. This paper presents a complete study of computation accuracy and proposes a possible architecture for hardware implementation.
Improved precision in SASHA T1 mapping with a variable flip angle readout (2014)

Background The SAturation-recovery single-SHot Acquisition (SASHA) T1 mapping sequence has excellent accuracy independent of T1, T2, heart rate, and flip angle [1], which are known dependencies of the more commonly used MOdified Look-Locker Inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequence. However, SASHA has a greater T1 variability (poorer precision) compared to MOLLI. A two-parameter fit, with assumed ideal saturation, has been shown to improve precision compared to the standard three-parameter fit used for SASHA, but at the expense of introducing systematic errors [2]. We propose that a variable flip angle (VFA) readout will reduce these systematic errors and thereby allow the improved precision of a two-parameter fit while maintaining the accuracy of the three-parameter fit.
Quasicyclic low density parity check codes (2003)

In this work, the construction of low density parity check codes (LDPCs) from circulant permutation matrices is investigated. It is shown that such codes can not have a Tanner graph representation with girth larger than 12, and a relatively loose necessary and sufficient condition for the code to have a girth of 6, 8, 10 or 12 is derived. These results suggest that families of LDPC codes with such girth values are relatively easy to obtain and consequently, additional parameters such as the minimum distance or the number of redundant check sums should be considered.
Nuclear Translocation and DNA Recognition Signals Colocalized within the bZIP Domain of Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate Response Element-Binding Protein CREB (1991)

CREB is a cAMP-responsive nuclear DNA-binding protein that binds to cAMP response elements and stimulates gene transcription upon activation of the cAMP signalling pathway. The protein consists of an amino-terminal transcriptional transactivation domain and a carboxyl-terminal DNA-binding domain (bZIP domain) comprised of a basic region and a leucine zipper involved in DNA recognition and dimerization, respectively. Recently, we discovered a testis-specific transcript of CREB that contains an alternatively spliced exon encoding multiple stop codons. CREB encoded by this transcript is a truncated protein lacking the bZIP domain. We postulated that the antigen detected by CREB antiserum in the cytoplasm of germinal cells is the truncated CREB that must also lack its nuclear translocation signal (NTS). To test this hypothesis we prepared multiple expression plasmids encoding carboxyl-terminal deletions of CREB and transiently expressed them in COS-1 cells. By Western immunoblot analysis as well as immunocytochemistry of transfected cells, we show that CREB proteins truncated to amino acid 286 or shorter are sequestered in the cytoplasm, whereas a CREB of 295 amino acids is translocated into the nucleus. Chimeric CREBs containing a heterologous NTS fused to the first 248 or 261 amino acids of CREB are able to drive the translocation of the protein into the nucleus. Thus, the nine amino acids in the basic region involved in DNA recognition between positions 287 and 295 (RRKKKEYVK) of CREB contain the NTS. Further, mutation of the lysine at position 290 in CREB to an asparagine diminishes nuclear translocation of the protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Slow turnover of the D1 reaction center protein of photosystem II in leaves of high mountain plants (1998)

The D1 reaction center protein of photosystem II usually exhibits a rapid turnover in light. The D1 protein turnover was compared in three species of alpine plants, Homogyne alpina, Ranunculus glacialis, Soldanella alpina, and in the lowland plant Taraxacum officinale by radioactive labeling in light and subsequent chase experiments. The D1 protein of alpine plants could also be recognized by its more rapid labeling, relative to other membrane proteins. However, compared to T. officinale the turnover of the D1 protein was considerably slower in the alpine plants. The potential advantage of a slow D1 turnover for adaptation to the environmental conditions of high mountain plants is discussed.
Hacking Exposed: Network Security Secrets & Solutions (1999)

Filled with case studies to expose hackers' latest devious methods and illustrate field-tested remedies, this guide will show you how to block infrastructure hacks, minimize advanced persistent threats, neutralize malicious code, secure web and database applications, and fortify UNIX networks.
Enhancement of security in the hierarchy model of control and automation by applying Single Sign-On approach for web services (2012)

Information security is an important term in both fields of IT systems and control systems. Thus, security requirements should be always considered in design phase. Modern approaches in manufacturing and automation technology such as: DPWS and OPC UA tend to integrate control system networks to the computer networks by the aid of service-oriented architecture technology. Single Sign-On is a property of access control in information security which focuses on authentication mechanism. It can be performed across federated domains and provides a single entry point for the user that can login only once and become capable of accessing to disparate protected resources in different locations. The Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) can be used invisibly in background of system and apply as the standard for providing Single Sign-On mechanism by exchanging identity information to different security domains regardless of the specific authentication protocol which is used for identities in that domain. This paper proposes the model for performing of Single Sign-On approach for protected devices and applications that support web services technology and locate across different boundaries of the hierarchy model of control and automation.
Lasing at 60.8 nm in Ne-like sulfur ions in ablated material excited by a capillary discharge (1997)

We report the observation of discharge-pumped extreme ultraviolet lasing in collisionally excited ions of a material ablated from a solid target. Excitation of sulfur plasmas by a capillary discharge resulted in amplification of the J=0--1 line of Ne-like sulfur at 60.8 nm, with a gain coefficient of 0.45 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ and a gain-length product of 7.5. Overheating of the electron temperature and transient population effects are computed to make a significant contribution to the measured gain.
Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Drug Delivery from Intratumorally Injected Microspheres (2005)

Numerical simulations suggest that interstitial drug concentration is characterized by a fast spatially inhomogeneous rise phase, during which interstitial and intracellular binding sites are saturated, followed by a slow spatially homogeneous phase that is governed by the rate of drug release from microspheres. For zero-order drug release, the slow phase corresponds to a plateau drug concentration that is proportional to the ratio of the rate of blood clearance of drug to the rate of drug release from microspheres. Consequently, increasing the duration of intratumoral drug release extends the duration of cell exposure to the drug but lowers the plateau drug concentration. This tradeoff implies that intratumoral drug release can be designed to optimize tumor cell kill. Synthesizing our modeling predictions with published dose-response data, we propose an optimal protocol for the delivery of paclitaxel-loaded microspheres to small solid tumors.
Reduction in power system load data training sets size using fractal approximation theory (2002)

Summary form only given. Fractal dimension is further used in reconstruction of forecasting data by iterated function system. Due to the generalisation property of artificial neural networks, the proposed method results in significant savings in computational time. The original fractal structure of data is preserved in forecasting.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>