gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Storage in Metal—Organic Frameworks (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Beth Israel Hospital Seminars in Medicine. (1970)

In an era of rapid change and increasing specialization there is constant need to relate recent advances in biologic science to the immediate and future practice of medicine. The periodic publication in the<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>of Seminars from the Beth Israel Hospital (Boston) represents one of the more successful attempts to bridge the gap between medical scientists and practicing physicians. For the first time, 13 such seminars have been revised and published in bound form under the editorial supervision of Feingold and Hiatt. The diversity of subjects provides both the strength and weakness of the volume. The broad approach to the frontiers of medicine is illustrated by a brief listing of seminar topics: oncogenic virology, cancer chemotherapy, hypothalamic/pituitary function, disorders of sexual development, radioimmunoassay of peptide hormones in plasma, interferon, infectious drug resistance, thrombogenesis, thalassemic syndromes, inborn errors of the complement system, immunologic mechanisms of penicillin allergy,
UNEQUAL LEG LENGTH: AN ACCURATE METHOD OF DETECTION AND SOME CLINICAL RESULTS (1972)

Journal Article UNEQUAL LEG LENGTH: AN ACCURATE METHOD OF DETECTION AND SOME CLINICAL RESULTS Get access G. R. CLARKE G. R. CLARKE †Registrar, Department of Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, St. Thomas' HospitalLondon, S. E. I. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rheumatology, Volume 11, Issue 8, November 1972, Pages 385–390, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/11.8.385 Published: 01 November 1972
Implementation of federated identity in multimedia messaging service using Liberty technology (2005)

Multimedia messaging services (MMS) enrich the user experience and create a major new source of revenue for network operators as well as for content and service providers. The capability of multimedia messaging service center (MMSC) in delivering different types of digital content, such as music, images, and video, presents a huge opportunity for its use in mobile e-commerce. But in current e-commerce, separate logins are needed to access different service providers. This limitation prevents MMS to closely cooperate with other service providers. The Liberty Alliance standards are intended to solve the problem of signing on repeatedly for each service provider. The Liberty Alliance defines the specifications to share identity information across service providers. However, these specifications have not been integrated into MMS. This thesis is concerned with the design of a system wherein the MMS works with other service providers, MMS acting as Identity provider. When the user federates his/her account in MMS with the account at any of the service providers, he/she can send a service request to a service provider (SP) without being asked for his/her password with the service provider, and at the same time can have access to the MMS from web page of that service provider. To demonstrate the feasibility of this design, a simulation system in compliance with Liberty single sign-on and federation protocol is developed in Java using a single service provider based on Liberty identity federation framework (ID-FF)
EEA algorithm model in estimating spread and evaluating countermeasures on high performance computing (2009)

This work started out with the in-depth feasibil-ity study and limitation analysis on the current disease spread estimating and countermea-sures evaluating models, then we identify that the population variability is a crucial impact which has been always ignored or less empha-sized. Taking HIV/AIDS as the application and validation background, we propose a novel al-gorithm model system, EEA model system, a new way to estimate the spread situation, evaluate different countermeasures and analyze the development of ARV-resistant disease strains. The model is a series of solvable ordi-nary differential equation (ODE) models to es-timate the spread of HIV/AIDS infections, which not only require only one year’s data to deduce the situation in any year, but also apply the piecewise constant method to employ multi- year information at the same time. We simulate the effects of therapy and vaccine, then evaluate the difference between them, and offer the smallest proportion of the vaccination in the population to defeat HIV/AIDS, especially the advantage of using the vaccination while the deficiency of using therapy separately. Then we analyze the development of ARV-resistant dis-ease strains by the piecewise constant method. Last but not least, high performance computing (HPC) platform is applied to simulate the situa-tion with variable large scale areas divided by grids, and especially the acceleration rate will come to around 4 to 5.5.
The molecular mechanisms of hemodialysis vascular access failure (2016)

The arteriovenous fistula has been used for more than 50 years to provide vascular access for patients undergoing hemodialysis. More than 1.5 million patients worldwide have end stage renal disease and this population will continue to grow. The arteriovenous fistula is the preferred vascular access for patients, but its patency rate at 1 year is only 60%. The majority of arteriovenous fistulas fail because of intimal hyperplasia. In recent years, there have been many studies investigating the molecular mechanisms responsible for intimal hyperplasia and subsequent thrombosis. These studies have identified common pathways including inflammation, uremia, hypoxia, sheer stress, and increased thrombogenicity. These cellular mechanisms lead to increased proliferation, migration, and eventually stenosis. These pathways work synergistically through shared molecular messengers. In this review, we will examine the literature concerning the molecular basis of hemodialysis vascular access malfunction.
Weak-Coupled Cross-Sectional Differential-Paired Lines with Bend Discontinuities for SI and EMI Performances (2014)

For differential-signaling system, the ideal balance or symmetrical topology cannot be established due to bend (turnoff point) discontinuities, and hence, an imbalance component is excited. Therefore methodology and geometrical-structure for satisfying both SI and EMI performances are indispensable. In order to provide basic considerations for the realization of methods for predicting and suppressing the EM radiation from asymmetrical differential-paired lines, the imbalance component and EMI from strong and weak coupled differential-paired lines with bend discontinuities were studied experimentally and with modeling. Firstly differential-mode impedance and the mixed-mode scattering parameters are discussed, from view point of SI performance. Secondly, frequency response of electric field near a PCB are discussed, from view point of EMI. It is demonstrated that the differential-paired line with weak-coupling is suitable for improving the SI performance and suppressing the EMI. This study has successfully reported the basic characteristics of imbalance component of differential-paired lines with bend routing and demonstrates the dominant factor of imbalance component.
Experience with pipelined multiple instruction streams (1984)

Pipelining has been used to implement efficient, high-speed vector computers. It is also an effective method for implementing multiprocessors. The Heterogeneous Element Processor (HEP) built by Denelcor Incorporated is the first commercially available computer system to use pipelining to implement multiple processes. This paper introduces the architecture and programming environment of the HEP and surveys a range of scientific applications programs for which parallel versions have been produced, tested, and analyzed on this computer. In all cases, the ideal of one instruction completion every pipeline step time is closely approached. Speed limitations in the parallel programs are more often a result of the extra code necessary to ensure synchronization than of actual synchronization lockout at execution time. The pipelined multiple instruction stream architecture is shown to cover a wide range of applications with good utilization of the parallel hardware.
The Use of Visual Examination for Determining the Presence of Gluten-Containing Grains in Gluten Free Oats and Other Grains, Seeds, Beans, Pulses, and Legumes (2018)

Obtaining representative test samples for antibody-based testing is challenging when analyzing whole grains for gluten. When whole grains are ground into flour for testing, confocal microscopy studies have shown that gluten tends to exist as aggregates within the starch background, making single-sample testing inaccurate and complicating the ability to arrive at an accurate average from multiple samples. In addition, whole-grain products present a unique risk to gluten free consumers, in that any contamination is localized to specific servings rather than being distributed across the product lot. This makes parts-per-million values less relevant for whole-grain products. Intact grains, seeds, beans, pulses, and legumes offer an alternative opportunity for gluten detection, in that contaminating gluten-containing grains (GCGs) are visible and identifiable to the trained eye or properly calibrated optical sorting equipment. The purpose of the current study was to determine a Gluten Free Certification Organization threshold level for the maximum number of GCGs within a kilogram of nongluten grains sold as specially processed gluten free product and to determine the feasibility of this threshold by evaluating visual examination data from two major oat processors.
Effects of drive current upon defect distribution scan features in multi-longitudinal mode semiconductor lasers (1993)

Defect distribution (D/sup 2/) scans calculated from semiconductor lasers at several values of drive current exhibit peaks associated with internal defects. The peak heights vary linearly with drive current in the regime far below threshold. Near threshold, the heights exhibit a sharp maximum at a critical current and decline at larger currents. The critical current is approximately equal to threshold for defects in the cavity interior, and less than threshold for defects located near one of the facets. A rate equation model accounts for this behavior and predicts values of drive current to obtain optimum peak height and optimum spatial resolution on internal gain anomalies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Microbial proteinases as agents for accelerated cheese ripening (1982)

Taste panel data confirm that commercial preparations of Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase can accelerate flavour development in Cheddar cheese without defect formation. The influence of the enzyme on the rate of ripening can be controlled by varying the cheese storage temperature. Fungal acid proteinase gives bitter cheese without enhancing typical flavour, even when used at concentrations corresponding to 5×and 25× less than the optimum neutral proteinase activity. Bacterial alkaline proteinase and broadspecificity proteinase produced bitter cheese but the latter enzyme also enhanced the intensity of typical flavour .
Controlled failure design of drillstring threaded connections (2003)

ABSTRACT The threaded connection of the type used in hydrocarbon exploration is a critical component of the drillstring that is highly susceptible to fatigue damage. Fatigue crack growth can either lead to a catastrophic failure of the connection, known as a twist‐off, or can be a non‐critical failure, known as a wash‐out. The design philosophy of Controlled Failure Design has been used in order to promote a ‘friendly’ non‐critical failure in the connection, by the controlled application of compressive residual stresses. The influence of compressive residual stress and its effect on controlling fatigue crack shape has been experimentally investigated with the development of thread root cold rolling equipment. Through the control of the cold rolling process, it has been demonstrated that fatigue crack growth can be controlled to produce a localized, non‐critical failure in the connection.
Introduction to Wireless Local Loop (1998)

From the Publisher:
Here's a comprehensive, easy-to-understand guide to the underlying technologies, key selection criteria, and design and deployment processes behind wireless local loop (WLL) systems. The book helps technical professionals develop a sound understanding of WLL system design procedures, and provides practical guidance on choosing the best WLL and access technologies. It's unique in its clear presentation of both the technical and business issues associated with wireless in the local loop.

If you're a WLL engineer, or a non-technical manager, marketer, or regulator involved in WLL system development, you'll find the information in this book invaluable. Well written introductory chapters discuss the main areas of the telecommunications environment, and the concepts of convergence and access technologies. You learn why wireless in the local loop is seriously challenging the use of traditional copper cable, the economic issues behind wired and wireless interconnection, and even some expert WLL market forecasts. Other advanced, practical sections...

? Identify and describe key WLL parameters, including range and capacity
? Evaluate various access technologies, and guide you in the selection process
? Examine the CDMA/TDMA debate, and consider which represents a better access technique
? Detail the network deployment process, with the help of an actual case study
? Show you how to effectively target your telecom service in a wide range of environments
? Describe how to apply for a license, choose a service offering, and develop the business case
? Discuss critical customer service issues
Reprogramming the Chemodiversity of Terpenoid Cyclization by Remolding the Active Site Contour of <i>epi</i>-Isozizaene Synthase (2014)

The class I terpenoid cyclase epi-isozizaene synthase (EIZS) utilizes the universal achiral isoprenoid substrate, farnesyl diphosphate, to generate epi-isozizaene as the predominant sesquiterpene cyclization product and at least five minor sesquiterpene products, making EIZS an ideal platform for the exploration of fidelity and promiscuity in a terpenoid cyclization reaction. The hydrophobic active site contour of EIZS serves as a template that enforces a single substrate conformation, and chaperones subsequently formed carbocation intermediates through a well-defined mechanistic sequence. Here, we have used the crystal structure of EIZS as a guide to systematically remold the hydrophobic active site contour in a library of 26 site-specific mutants. Remolded cyclization templates reprogram the reaction cascade not only by reproportioning products generated by the wild-type enzyme but also by generating completely new products of diverse structure. Specifically, we have tripled the overall number of characterized products generated by EIZS. Moreover, we have converted EIZS into six different sesquiterpene synthases: F96A EIZS is an (E)-β-farnesene synthase, F96W EIZS is a zizaene synthase, F95H EIZS is a β-curcumene synthase, F95M EIZS is a β-acoradiene synthase, F198L EIZS is a β-cedrene synthase, and F96V EIZS and W203F EIZS are (Z)-γ-bisabolene synthases. Active site aromatic residues appear to be hot spots for reprogramming the cyclization cascade by manipulating the stability and conformation of critical carbocation intermediates. A majority of mutant enzymes exhibit only relatively modest 2-100-fold losses of catalytic activity, suggesting that residues responsible for triggering substrate ionization readily tolerate mutations deeper in the active site cavity.
Variation in tissue carnitine concentrations with age and sex in the rat (1978)

Diabetes, starvation and various hormonal treatments are known to alter drastically carnitine concentrations in the body. Before the mechanisms controlling carnitine metabolism could be determined, it was necessary to establish normal carnitine concentrations in both sexes at different ages. Carnitine was assayed in plasma, liver, heart and skeletal muscle of rats from birth to weaning. The plasma carnitine increased rapidly during the first 2 days after birth. Carnitine in both heart and skeletal muscle increased, whereas liver concentrations declined during the first week of life. A carnitine-free diet containing sufficient precursors for carnitine biosynthesis was fed to weanling rats. Groups of ten male and ten female rats were killed each week for 10 consecutive weeks. Carnitine was determined in plasma, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, urine and epididymis in the male. There was no difference in carnitine concentrations between the sexes at weaning. Plasma, heart and muscle concentrations were higher in adult male rats than in adult females. However, liver carnitine and urinary carnitine concentrations were higher in adult female than in adult male rats. The epididymal carnitine concentration increased very rapidly during 50 to 70 days of age and the differences in carnitine concentrations between the sexes also became apparent during this time. Thus both the age and the sex of the human subject or experimental animal must be considered when investigating carnitine metabolism.
Causal Models for Mediation Analysis: An Introduction to Structural Mean Models (2015)

Mediation analyses are critical to understanding why behavioral interventions work. To yield a causal interpretation, common mediation approaches must make an assumption of "sequential ignorability." The current article describes an alternative approach to causal mediation called structural mean models (SMMs). A specific SMM called a rank-preserving model (RPM) is introduced in the context of an applied example. Particular attention is given to the assumptions of both approaches to mediation. Applying both mediation approaches to the college student drinking data yield notable differences in the magnitude of effects. Simulated examples reveal instances in which the traditional approach can yield strongly biased results, whereas the RPM approach remains unbiased in these cases. At the same time, the RPM approach has its own assumptions that must be met for correct inference, such as the existence of a covariate that strongly moderates the effect of the intervention on the mediator and no unmeasured confounders that also serve as a moderator of the effect of the intervention or the mediator on the outcome. The RPM approach to mediation offers an alternative way to perform mediation analysis when there may be unmeasured confounders.
Integral-equation solution using coherent optical feedback (1981)

Confocal feedback systems can perform analog optical solutions of two-dimensional integral equations. Methods for solution of Fredholm equations by space-variant feedback and of Volterra equations using multiple feedback have been found and experimental results obtained. Two-dimensional problems of this type are difficult and time consuming to solve digitally, but the optical solution is obtained at high speed.
Determination of the In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Profile of Cefepime against Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> at Various Inocula (2004)

Cefepime was evaluated in vivo against two inoculum sizes of four strains of Escherichia coli that produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in a murine neutropenic thigh infection model to characterize the pharmacodynamic activity of cefepime in the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria and to evaluate if differences in lengths of cefepime exposure are required with various inocula. Three strains possessed a single enzyme each: TEM-10, TEM-12, and TEM-26. The fourth strain possessed two TEM-derived ESBLs and a third uncharacterized enzyme. Two non-ESBL-producing E. coli strains were included for comparison. Mice received various doses of cefepime to achieve a spectrum of percentages of time the drug was above the MIC (%T>MICs) for each isolate at both inocula. No significant difference in cefepime exposure was required to achieve similar bactericidal effects for ESBL- and non-ESBL-producing isolates when the starting inoculum was 10(5) CFU of E. coli per thigh. The increased MICs observed in vitro for the ESBL-producing strains at 10(7) CFU/ml did not predict the amount of exposure required to achieve a comparable level of bactericidal activity in vivo at the corresponding starting inoculum of 10(7) CFU/thigh. Compared to the cefepime exposure in tests with the lower inoculum (10(5) CFU/thigh), less exposure was required when the starting inoculum was 10(7) CFU/thigh (%T>MIC, 6% versus 26%), such that similar doses (in milligrams per kilogram of body weight) produced similar bactericidal effects with both inocula of ESBL-producing isolates. Equivalent exposures of cefepime produced similar effects against the microorganisms regardless of the presence of ESBL production. Pharmacodynamic profiling undertaken with conventional cefepime MIC determinations predicted in vivo microbial outcomes at both inoculum sizes for the ESBL-producing isolates evaluated in this study. These data support the use of conventional MIC determinations in the pharmacodynamic assessment of cefepime.
Expression of replication-dependent histone genes in avian spermatids involves an alternate pathway of mRNA 3'-end formation. (1989)

In somatic cells the expression of replication-dependent histone genes is coupled to the S phase of the cell cycle. However, we have found a number of novel H2a, H2b, and H3 poly(A)+ RNA species in avian haploid round spermatids. The spermatid-specific H2a and H2b 0.8-kilobase RNAs are transcribed from a subset of the replication-dependent H2a and H2b gene families. Two cDNAs derived from the spermatid-specific H2b transcripts were isolated and sequenced. The structures of these cDNAs reveal that the spermatid-specific RNAs are identical to the 0.5-kilobase poly(A)- H2b mRNAs expressed in proliferating somatic cells, except for the addition of poly(A) at the 3' ends. The site of poly(A) addition in the spermatid-specific RNAs is located 26 to 28 nucleotides 3' of the poly(A)- H2b mRNA terminus. Thus, the hairpin structures and purine-rich elements required for the U7 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-mediated cleavage reaction that generates the 3' ends of poly(A)- H2b mRNAs are not utilized in spermatids and are retained in the poly(A)+ H2b RNAs.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Ferritic Stainless Steels in Chloride Solutions (1981)

The stress corrosion cracking of several high chromium ferritic stainless steels in LiCl and MgCl2 solutions has been examined in terms of relevant electrochemical parameters. A low interstitial 26 Cr-1 Mo alloy (E-Brite) is immune to SCC at the open circuit corrosion potential; however, SCC is induced by anodic polarization revealing a critical cracking potential (Ecc) 15 mV noble to the corrosion potential. Plastic deformation and grain coarsening by high temperature annealing induce SCC by shifting Ecc in the active direction without affecting the corrosion potential. Nickel additions to high chromium ferritic stainless steels induce SCC by shifting the corrosion potential noble to Ecc. A close parallelism between the electrochemical response of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels is demonstrated suggesting that similar failure mechanisms occur in both types of steels. For the ferritic stainless steels, interrupted loading experiments reveal a hydrogen embrittled region in advance of stress corrosion cracks.