gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preferential growth inhibition of human leukemic versus normal myeloid colony-forming cells by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. (1984)

Myeloid leukemic cells can be induced to differentiate by various compounds, suggesting the possibility of controlling leukemia through induced differentiation. For this to be feasible, the growth of leukemic progenitor cells should be inhibited by these compounds, with the inhibition preferentially affecting leukemic over normal hemopoietic progenitor cells. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was chosen as a differentiation inducer and was studied for its effect on the growth of leukemic colony-forming cells (L-CFU) in ten patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in comparison with normal myeloid colony-forming cells (CFU-C). Growth inhibition of both L-CFU and CFU-C was observed with TPA concentrations as low as 10(-10) M. With increasing concentrations of TPA, survival of L-CFU tended to decline more precipitously than that of CFU-C. In eight of ten patients, inhibition of L-CFU was significantly greater (P less than 0.01) than CFU-C with TPA concentrations of 10(-9) M or higher. This study indicates that a compound capable of inducing differentiation of leukemic cells can inhibit growth of leukemic progenitor cells and that this growth inhibition applies preferentially to leukemic cells as compared with normal hemopoietic cells.
Quantitative Evaluation of Partial Shape Characteristics of Petal in Sacred Lotus Based on P-type Fourier Dscriptors (2005)

本研究では，P形フーリエ記述子を用いてハナハス花弁先端部の部分形状を定量的に記述し，その記述子の統計解析により手法の有効性を評価した．椀型のハナハス花弁を平面化して撮影するために分断化された花弁断片から，先端部の輪郭のみを抽出し，その形状を8次のP形フーリエ記述子として記述した．これら記述子に対し主成分分析を行った結果，第1主成分の寄与率が約50%であり，また第5主成分までで全変動の80%以上が説明された．各主成分の形態的意味は逆フーリエ変換により視覚化され，第1主成分は全体的な尖り具合，第2主成分は花弁頂部の中心からのずれ，第3，第4主成分は頂部の特徴を評価していた．なお，2品種を用いて1花内の形状変化を評価した結果，両品種とも第1主成分で花弁の位置による系統的な変異がみられた．分散分析の結果，対称変異を評価する第1，3主成分で品種効果が0.1%有意であり，これら形状特徴は品種間変異をよく反映していると考えられた．なお，これら3主成分の品種平均は連続的な分布を示しており，段階評価などによるクラス分けは困難な特徴と考えられた．最後に，サポートベクターマシンを用いて主成分得点に基づく品種分類を試みた．誤判別率を1個抜きクロスバリデーションにより求めた結果，ハナハス7品種の分類において正判別率は85%に達した．以上の結果から，P形フーリエ記述子と主成分分析法と組み合わせることにより，独立した形状特徴を抽出でき，抽出された形状特徴はハナハスの品種分類に有効に利用できることが示された．開曲線にも適用できるP形フーリエ記述子は，画像解析に基づく形状解析法の応用範囲を大幅に広げると考えられ，作物器官の形状評価のための有効な手法のひとつとなりうる．本研究は，開曲線にも適用できるP形フーリエ記述子を植物形態の定量的評価に応用した初めての研究である．
Combined thin film magnetoresistive read, inductive write heads (1976)

Using photolithographic and thin-film deposition techniques various types of single- and multi-turn inductive heads have been fabricated, with or without a magnetoresistive (MR) element in the gap. The MR element has a Barberpole configuration, which makes biasing by an external field superfluous. Reading has also been done inductively. Read and write experiments have been performed on tape and disc.
A Kinect-based rehabilitation exercise monitoring and guidance system (2014)

In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a Kinect-based system for rehabilitation exercises monitoring and guidance. We choose to use the Unity framework to implement our system because it enables us to use virtual reality techniques to demonstrate detailed movements to the patient, and to facilitate examination of the quality and quantity of the patient sessions by the clinician. The avatar-based rendering of motion also preserves the privacy of the patients, which is essential for healthcare systems. The key contribution of our research is a rule-based approach to realtime exercise quality assessment and feedback. We developed a set of basic rule elements that can be used to express the correctness rules for common rehabilitation exercises.
On RAM priority queues (1996)

Priority queues are some of the most fundamental data structures. For example, they are used directly for task scheduling in operating systems. Moreover, they are essential to greedy algorithms. We study the complexity of integer priority queue operations on a RAM with arbitrary word size, modeling the possibilities in standard imperative programming languages such as C. We present exponential improvements over previous bounds, and we show tight relations to sorting.
Our first result is a RAM priority queue supporting find-min in constant time and insert and delete-min in time O(log log n), where n is the current number of keys in the queue. This is an exponential improvement over the $O(\sqrt{\log n})$ bound of Fredman and Willard [ Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing, Baltimore, MD, pp. 1--7]. Plugging this priority queue into Dijkstra's algorithm gives an O(mlog log m) algorithm for the single source shortest path problem on a graph with m edges, as compared with the previous $O(m\sqrt{\log m})$ bound based on Fredman and Willard's priority queue. The above bounds assume $O(n 2^{{\varepsilon} w})$ space, where w is the word length and ${\varepsilon}>0$. They can, however, be achieved in linear space using randomized hashing.
Our second result is a general equivalence between sorting and priority queues. A priority queue is monotone if the minimum is nondecreasing over time, as in many greedy algorithms. We show that on a RAM, the amortized operation cost of a monotone priority queue is equivalent to the per-key cost of sorting. For example, the equivalence implies that the single source shortest paths problem on a graph with m edges is no harder than that of sorting m keys. With the current RAM sorting, this gives an O(m log log m) time bound, as above, but the relation holds regardless of the future developments in RAM sorting.
From the equivalence result, for any fixed ${\varepsilon}>0$, we derive a randomized monotone $O(\sqrt{\log n}^{1+{\varepsilon}})$ priority queue with expected constant time decrease-key. Plugging this into Dijkstra's algorithm gives an $O(n\sqrt{\log n}^{1+{\varepsilon}}+m)$ algorithm for the single source shortest path problem on a graph with n nodes and m edges, complementing the above O(mlog log m) algorithm if $m\gg n$. This improves the O(nlog n/log log n + m) bound by Fredman and Willard [Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science, St. Louis, MO, 1990, pp. 719--725], based on their O(log n/log log n) priority queue with constant decrease-key.
MR guidance of vascular interventions (2002)

Several groups have been working on the development of new techniques for performing endovascular radiological interventions guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) instead of X-ray fluoroscopy. We briefly review the three main strategies that have been proposed for performing MR-guided endovascular interventions: active tracking, passive tracking and the technique of locally induced field inhomogeneity. For each approach, the used MR scan techniques, image processing and visualization tools, the development of MR-dedicated guide wires and catheters, and the main results are discussed.
Embedded Sensor Networks (2005)

An embedded sensor network is a network of embedded computers placed in the physical world that interacts with the environment. These embedded computers, or sensor nodes, are often physically small, relatively inexpensive computers, each with some set of sensors or actuators. These sensor nodes are deployed in situ, physically placed in the environment near the objects they are sensing. Sensor nodes are networked, allowing them to communicate and cooperate with each other to monitor the environment and (possibly) effect changes to it. Current sensor networks are usually stationary, although sensors may be attached to moving objects or may even be capable of independent movement. These characteristics: being embedded, and being capable of sensing, actuation, and the ability to communicate, define the field of sensor networking and differentiate it from remote sensing, mobile computing with laptop computers, and traditional centralized sensing systems. This chapter reviews each of these areas of sensor network design, beginning with common hardware platforms, then considering networking software and applications.
Opponent Modeling in Deep Reinforcement Learning (2016)

Opponent modeling is necessary in multi-agent settings where secondary agents with competing goals also adapt their strategies, yet it remains challenging because strategies interact with each other and change. Most previous work focuses on developing probabilistic models or parameterized strategies for specific applications. Inspired by the recent success of deep reinforcement learning, we present neural-based models that jointly learn a policy and the behavior of opponents. Instead of explicitly predicting the opponent's action, we encode observation of the opponents into a deep Q-Network (DQN); however, we retain explicit modeling (if desired) using multitasking. By using a Mixture-of-Experts architecture, our model automatically discovers different strategy patterns of opponents without extra supervision. We evaluate our models on a simulated soccer game and a popular trivia game, showing superior performance over DQN and its variants.
Image compression using biorthogonal wavelet transforms with multiplierless 2-D filter mask operation (2002)

We present image compression algorithms using biorthogonal wavelet transforms with dyadic regional filter coefficients, which provide high computational speed and excellent compression performance. Two-dimensional reconstruction filter masks are constructed to minimize data access operations and process only the nonzero-valued pixels when performing the inverse wavelet transform. Convolutions with these masks can be performed by using only arithmetic bit-shifting and integer addition operations. Additional compression gain is achieved by using Hilbert scanning for the preprocessing of encoding process.
<i>p16 (CDKN2)</i> is a major deletion target at 9p21 in bladder cancer (1995)

The p16 gene has been identified as a candidate tumour suppressor gene at 9p21, a region commonly deleted in bladder cancer. We screened 140 bladder tumours and 16 cell lines for deletions and sequence variants of p16. Eight cell lines showed homozygous deletion of p16 and two had small sequence variations. All 13 tumours with small defined deletions of 9p21, 18/31 (58%) of tumours with monosomy 9 and 9/91 (10%) of tumours with no chromosome 9 loss of heterozygosity had homozygous deletion of p16. No tumour-specific sequence variants were identified. Deletion mapping revealed a nested set of deletions focused on p16. Six deletions involved p16 but not the related and adjacent gene p15 and one tumour had an intragenic deletion of p16. All other deletions involved both p16 and p15. We conclude that p16 represents the major target for deletion at 9p21 in bladder cancer.
A Kinetic Analysis of the Initial Stages of the Sol−Gel Reactions of Methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and a Mixed MTES/Tetraethoxysilane System by High-Resolution <sup>29</sup>Si NMR Spectroscopy (1997)

29Si solution NMR is used to follow the kinetics of the methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) homopolymerization and that of the MTES/tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) copolymerization. Individual kinetic rate constants for the hydrolysis and dimerization reactions were obtained by fitting the concentration curves as functions of time for the different intermediate species. It was found that the individual hydrolysis kinetic constants for the MTES homopolymerization are greater than those for the TEOS homopolymerization. Using the homodimerization and codimerization kinetic rate constants for the MTES/TEOS copolymerization, reactivity ratios were calculated. These reactivity ratios suggest that the two monomers react to form a random copolymer.
<title>Nondestructive remote sensing of hazardous waste sites</title> (1994)

In the past government and private industry have produced hazardous waste in ever increasing quantities. These untold millions of tons of environmentally dangerous wastes have been disposed of by undocumented burial, simple carelessness, and purposeful abandonment. Society has recently dictated that before new construction may be initiated, these wastes must be found and cleaned up. The first step is to locate these undocumented waste depositories. The noncontact, nondestructive, remote sensing techniques of computer enhanced IR thermography and ground penetrating radar, may be used to detect buried waste sites, buried tanks/pits, and tank/pit leak plumes. These technologies may be used from mobile vehicles, helicopters, or man-portable systems and are able to cover tens of acres per day depending upon the system fusion method used. This relatively new combination of technologies will be described in theory by procedure and the use of case studies based upon successful projects.
Time- and Rate-Dependent Alterations of the QT Interval Precede the Onset of Torsade de Pointes in Patients With Acquired QT Prolongation (1997)

The association between a critically prolonged QT interval and the onset of ventricular arrhythmias suggests that the initial complex of torsade de pointes is an early afterdepolarization-induced triggered response. However, prolongation of the QT interval itself was not sufficient to account for the initiation of torsade de pointes, suggesting that other, as yet unidentified factors are required.
Characterisation of the cell-transistor coupling (2000)

Die Verbindung von elektrisch aktiven, lebenden Zellen zu extrazellulären Sensorsystemen eröffnet vielfälige Möglichkeiten im Bereich der Biosensorik. Die vorliegende Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag \nzum tieferen Verständnis der elektrischen Kopplungsmechanismen zwischen den biologischen und elektronischen Teilen solcher Hybridsysteme. Es wurden dazu drei Hauptbereiche bearbeitet:Ein System zur extrazellulären Signalableitung an lebenden Zellen bestehend aus einem Sensorchip, einem Vorverstärkerkopf und einem Hauptverstärker wurde weiterentwickelt.Als Sensoren wurden entweder Metallmikroelektroden-Chips mit 64 Kanälen oder Feldeffekt Transistoren-Chips mit 16 Kanälen (FET) eingesetzt. Es wurden zusätzlich spezielle FET Sensoren mit Rückseitenkontakten hergestellt und eingesetzt.Die elektrische Kopplung von einzelnen Nervenzellen der neuronalen Zell-Linien SH-SY5Y und TR14 oder primär kultivierten Neuronen aus dem Hirnstamm oder dem Hippocampus von embryonalen Ratten mit den extrazellulären Sensoren wurde untersucht. In der 'whole-cell' Patch-Clamp Technik wurden die Beiträge der spannungsgesteuerten Na+- und K+-Ionenkanäle zur extrazellulären Signalform identifiziert. Die Simulation der Signale mit \neinem Ersatzschaltkreis (Punkt-Kontakt Modell), der in PSPICE implementiert wurde, deutet auf eine starke Abhängigkeit der Signalformen in bezug auf Konzentrationsänderungen von Na+- und K+-Ionen im Volumenbereich zwischen Zelle und den ionensensitiven Transistoren hin. Ein empirisch erweitertes Punkt-Kontakt Modell wurde daraufhin vorgestellt.Im dritten Teil der Arbeit wurden Zellschichten von Kardiomyocyten embryonaler Ratten auf den extrazellulären Sensoren kultiviert. Die Eignung eines solchen Hybridsensors als Modellherz fuer das pharmazeutische Screeing wurde durch Messungen mit Herzstimulanzien und -relaktanzien bestätigt.
Automatic segmentation of coronary angiograms based on fuzzy inferring and probabilistic tracking (2010)

Our algorithm performs well in terms of robustness, automation, adaptability, and applicability. In particular, the successful development of two novel operators, namely, PTO and SPD, ensures the performance of our algorithm in vessel tracking.
Hepatoma derived growth factor binds DNA through the N-terminal PWWP domain (2007)

HDGF is a DNA binding protein, binds DNA specifically, and prefers a minimum of 37 bp long DNA fragment. The N-terminal PWWP domain of HDGF is required for DNA binding. HDGF exerts its transcription repressive effect through binding to a conserved DNA element in the promoter of target genes.
Measurement of the Melt Pool Length During Single Scan Tracks in a Commercial Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process (2017)

This work presents high-speed thermographic measurements of the melt pool length during single track laser scans on nickel alloy 625 substrates. Scans are made using a commercial laser powder bed fusion (PBF) machine while measurements of the radiation from the surface are made using a high speed (1800 frames per second) infrared camera. The melt pool length measurement is based on the detection of the liquidus–solidus transition that is evident in the temperature profile. Seven different combinations of programmed laser power (49–195 W) and scan speed (200–800 mm/s) are investigated, and numerous replications using a variety of scan lengths (4–12 mm) are performed. Results show that the melt pool length reaches steady-state within 2 mm of the start of each scan. Melt pool length increases with laser power, but its relationship with scan speed is less obvious because there is no significant difference between cases performed at the highest laser power of 195 W. Although keyholing appears to affect the anticipated trends in melt pool length, further research is required.
Evaluation of CBT for increasing threat detection performance in X-ray screening (2004)

The relevance of aviation security has increased dramatically in recent years. Airport security technology has evolved remarkably over the last decade, which is especially evident for state-of-the-art X-ray screening systems. However, such systems will be only as effective as the people who operate them. Recognizing all kinds of prohibited items in X-ray images of passenger bags is a challenging object recognition task. In this article we present a method to measure screener detection performance based on signal detection theory. This method is applied to measure training effects resulting from individually adaptive computer based training (CBT). We have found large increases of detection performance and substantial reductions in response time suggesting that CBT is a very effective tool for increasing effectiveness and efficiency in aviation security screening.
An Advanced and Intelligent Reception System for FM Stereo Receiver (1984)

The quality of an FM stereo receiver is usually evaluated by its sensitivity. Among experts, the term sensitivity means usable sensitivity measured in a laboratory. But to users who do not have expert knowledge, it has the broader meaning of "it can receive clearly without noise." In practical use, however, even a receiver with a high sensitivity cannot always receive the desired broadcast clearly, and the listener is often annoyed by unpleasant noise.
Création n° 3 (2015)

Artistes spécialisées dans les nouveaux médias, Sophie Daste et Karleen Groupierre ont réalisé plusieurs installations artistiques interactives. Ces différentes créations ont fait l’objet de plus d’une vingtaine d’expositions en France et à l’étranger.
<i>Babesia gibsoni</i> internal transcribed spacer 1 region is highly conserved amongst isolates from dogs across Japan (2016)

Babesia gibsoni is a tick-borne apicomplexan parasite of dogs that often causes fever and hemolytic anemia with highly variable clinical outcome. In this study, we sequenced the 254bp Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 region (ITS1) of 54 B. gibsoni isolates from 14 different geographical regions of Japan. The 54 isolates shared high sequence identity with each other and with B. gibsoni isolates reported in GenBank database (97.2-100%). Consistent with previous reports, phylogenetic analysis showed that B. gibsoni isolates from Japan formed the same clade with those from U.S.A., Australia, India and Taiwan. Our finding indicates that B. gibsoni ITS1 region is highly conserved among isolates from dogs in Japan, making it a useful genetic marker for molecular epidemiology of the parasite.
Comparing measures of sparsity (2008)

Sparsity is a recurrent theme in machine learning and is used to improve performance of algorithms such as non-negative matrix factorization and the LOST algorithm. Our aim in this paper is to compare several commonly-used sparsity measures according to intuitive attributes that a sparsity measure should have. Sparsity of representations of signals in fields such as blind source separation, compression, sampling and signal analysis has proved not just to be useful but a key factor in the success of algorithms in these areas. Intuitively, a sparse representation is one in which a small number of coefficients contain a large proportion of the energy. In this paper we discuss six properties (robin hood, scaling, rising tide, cloning, bill gates and babies) that we believe a sparsity measure should have. The main contribution of this paper is a table which classifies commonly-used sparsity measures based on whether or not they satisfy these six propositions. Only one of these measures satisfies all six: the Gini index.
Genetic pathway of major depressive disorder in shortening telomeric length (2007)

Major depressive disorder is a mediating factor between the monoamine oxidase A promoter polymorphism and telomeric length.
Aggregation behaviour of thallium(<scp>i</scp>) β-diketiminates (2006)

Modulation of the steric requirements of a number of N-aryl beta-diketiminate ligands results in the isolation of a variety of Tl(I) compounds with different stabilities and nuclearities.
Alumina (2002)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Structures, Textures and Porosity Surface Properties Alumina Forming Catalytic Applications Conclusion
Intraperitoneal infusion of proinflammatory cytokines does not cause activation of the rat uterus during late gestation (2005)

Increased concentrations of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha have been associated with parturition. However, the role of these cytokines is unknown. Before parturition, the uterus undergoes a process of activation, during which there are significant changes in expression of genes associated with increased uterine contractility, including the receptors for oxytocin (OT) and prostaglandin (PG)F(2alpha) (FP), PGH(2) synthase isoform 2 (PGHS2), the gap junction protein connexin-43 (Cx-43), and the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). To determine whether IL-1beta or TNF-alpha was part of the causal mechanism for increased uterine contractions, we placed osmotic pumps infusing IL-1beta or TNF-alpha into the peritoneal cavity of late pregnant rats (gestation day 19) and measured the effects on uterine contractility and on the uterine concentrations of mRNA for the contraction-associated genes 24 h later. Maternal serum concentrations of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were increased significantly. By day 21, the control animals had significant increases (P < or = 0.05) in mRNA for OT, FP, PGHS2, and Cx-43, a decrease (P < or = 0.05) in iNOS, and an increase (P < or = 0.05) in uterine sensitivity and responsiveness to OT. Infusion of IL-1beta or TNF-alpha had no effect on uterine contractility or on expression of the activation-associated genes. We conclude that intraperitoneal infusion of IL-1beta or TNF-alpha resulting in significantly increased maternal serum cytokine levels does not cause uterine activation. The role of proinflammatory cytokines in the mechanism of parturition remains unclear.