gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Tear Fluid Biomarkers in Dry Eye Syndrome Using iTRAQ Quantitative Proteomics (2009)

The proteins found in tears have an important role in the maintenance of the ocular surface and changes in the quality and quantity of tear components reflect changes in the health of the ocular surface. In this study, we have used quantitative proteomics, iTRAQ technology coupled with 2D-nanoLC-nano-ESI-MS/MS and with a statistical model to uncover proteins that are significantly and reliably changed in the tears of dry eye patients in an effort to reveal potential biomarker candidates. Fifty-six patients with dry eye and 40 healthy subjects were recruited for this study. In total, 93 tear proteins were identified with a ProtScore >or=2 (>or=99% confidence). Associated with dry eye were 6 up-regulated proteins, alpha-enolase, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, S100 A8 (calgranulin A), S100 A9 (calgranulin B), S100 A4 and S100 A11 (calgizzarin) and 4 down-regulated proteins, prolactin-inducible protein (PIP), lipocalin-1, lactoferrin and lysozyme. Receiver operating curves (ROC) were evaluated for individual biomarker candidates and a biomarker panel. With the use of a 4-protein biomarker panel, the diagnostic accuracy for dry eye was 96% (sensitivity, 91.0%; specificity, 90.0%). Two biomarker candidates (alpha-enolase and S100 A4) generated from iTRAQ experiments were successfully verified using an ELISA assay. The levels of these 10 tear proteins reflect aqueous secretion deficiency by lacrimal gland, inflammatory status of the ocular surface. The clinical classification of the severity of the dry eye condition was successfully correlated to the proteomics by using three proteins that are associated with inflammation, alpha1-acid glycoprotein 1, S100 A8 and S100 A9. The nine tear protein biomarker candidates (except alpha1-acid glycoprotein 1) were also verified using an independent age-matched patient sample set. This study demonstrated that iTRAQ technology combined with 2D-nanoLC-nanoESI-MS/MS quantitative proteomics is a powerful tool for biomarker discovery.
Neuropeptide Y: A novel link between the neuroendocrine system and cholesterol metabolism (1998)

High serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels constitute the main risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular diseases. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in the regulation of serum cholesterol levels. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is widely expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, is known to regulate food intake and energy balance but its role in cholesterol metabolism has remained almost untouched in former literature. A newly discovered association between a leucine(7)-to-proline(7) polymorphism (Pro(7)) in the signal peptide of NPY and a high cholesterol level may provide new ideas for the genetic regulation of cholesterol metabolism. The presence of the Pro(7) in NPY results in serum total cholesterol levels 0.6-1.4 mmol/L higher compared with subjects without this gene variant. The Pro(7) in NPY was detected in 14% of Finns but only in 6% of Dutchmen, and its impact on serum cholesterol concentration seems to be stronger in obese than in normal-weight subjects. At least among Finns, the Pro(7) in NPY is one of the strongest genetic factors identified thus far affecting serum cholesterol levels.
Electrical Bone Graft Stimulation for Spinal Fusion: A Review (2000)

Although electrical stimulation to aid bone fusion is well established in the treatment of long-bone fractures, its use as an aid in spinal fusion is not as well documented. This article presents the history and scientific basis of electrical stimulation to aid bone fusion and extensively reviews the clinical literature. It is intended to provide an objective review of the indications and limitations of electrical stimulation to enhance spinal fusion and to serve as a reference source for further study.
Bandwidth Mismatch and Its Correction in Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters (2006)

The sample-and-hold amplifier in each channel of a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter system has finite bandwidth, and these bandwidths may be mismatched. This paper analyzes the effect of such mismatches. Correction for bandwidth mismatch in the digital domain is described and demonstrated
Nanocrystallization of lanthanide trifluoride in an aluminosilicate glass matrix: dimorphism and rare earth partition (2009)

A systematic synthesis of homogeneously distributed lanthanide trifluoride (from LaF3 to LuF3) nanocrystals in the same aluminosilicate glass matrix was reported. These fluorides exhibit dimorphism, i.e., the hexagonal structure for those from LaF3 to GdF3 and the orthorhombic one for those from TbF3 to LuF3 (including YF3). The Eu3+ emission spectra evidenced the partition of the doped rare earth ions into the LnF3nanocrystals, and as an example, the intense ultraviolet upconversion emissions were achieved in the Tm3+ : YbF3nanocrystals containing composite due to the low-photon-energy environment of rare earth ions. These nano-composites may find potential applications in solid-state lasers, 3D displays, amplifiers and other optoelectronic devices.
Heterogeneous Flash Initiation of Thermal Reactions (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterogeneous Flash Initiation of Thermal ReactionsL. S. Nelson and J. L. LundbergCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1959, 63, 3, 433–436Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150573a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j150573a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Subcutaneous or Intramuscular Injections of Insulin in Children: Are we injecting where we think we are? (1996)

We identified a group of children at risk for intramuscular insulin injections and that may deserve specific injection technique and advice.
Studies on the constituents of the roots of Cassia torosa. II. The structures of two dimeric tetrahydroanthracenes. (1990)

Two new dimeric tetrahydroanthracene derivatives, torosaols I (1) and II (2), were isolated from the fresh roots of Cassia torosa Cav. along with pinselin, questin, 7-methyltorosachrysone, singueanol-I, germichrysone, germitorosone, methylgermitorosone, and phlegmacins A2 and B2. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established as 3, 3', 4, 4'-tetrahydro-2, 3, 3', 8, 8', 9, 9'-heptahydroxy-6, 6'-dimethoxy-3, 3', 7, 7'-tetramethyl-10, 10'-bi-1(2H)-anthracenone and 5-[3', 4'-dihydro-3', 8', 9'-trihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3', 7'-dimethyl-1' (2'H)-anthracenon-10'-yl]-3, 4-dihydro-9, 10-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-3, 8-dimethyl-1H-naphtho[2, 3-c]pyran-1-one, respectively, on the basis of spectral evidence.
The Viscurometer—An Instrument to Assess Processing Characteristics (1964)

Abstract This paper describes an apparatus that measures three important rubber processing characteristics—the compounded viscosity, the scorch time and the time to optimum cure. The apparatus is called a Viscurometer and consists of a heated die chamber and a drive mechanism to rotate a biconical rotor in an oscillatory manner through a fixed arc of ±6°. A strain gage torque pickup is mounted as an integral part of the drive shaft and the torque to impose the strain of ±6° (35% shear strain) is measured. The frequency of this oscillation is 2 per minute. A torque vs. time trace is recorded on a strip chart recorder. Data in graphical form are presented to show that the compounded viscosity of NR and SBR stocks correlates well with typical Mooney viscosity values. The scorch time, as measured with the Viscurometer, also correlates well with Mooney scorch values. The apparatus can be used to predict optimum cure for typical production SBR and NR stocks with a one standard deviation precision of ±2 minutes. The apparatus can also be used to predict the cured modulus at full cure (or any other percentage) under some conditions. This use of the Viscurometer is, however, more complex than its use to predict the previously mentioned processing parameters. The complexity of this use is illustrated for some typical NR and SBR stocks.
Gel electrophoresis and glass permeation chromatography of the hamster scrapie agent after enzymatic digestion and detergent extraction (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGel electrophoresis and glass permeation chromatography of the hamster scrapie agent after enzymatic digestion and detergent extractionStanley B. Prusiner, Darlene F. Groth, S. Patricia Cochran, Michael P. McKinley, and Frank R. MasiarzCite this: Biochemistry 1980, 19, 21, 4892–4898Publication Date (Print):October 14, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 14 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00562a029https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00562a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 4.5-mW Closed-Loop Micro-Gravity CMOS SOI Accelerometer (2006)

In this paper, design, implementation and character- ization of a 3-V switched-capacitor (SC) CMOS interface cir- cuit for the closed-loop operation of a lateral capacitive micro- gravity silicon-on-insulator (SOI) accelerometer is presented. The interface circuit is based on a front-end programmable reference- capacitorlessSCcharge amplifierandaback-end second-order SC modulator. The accelerometer is fabricated through a dry-re- lease high aspect-ratio reduced-gap process. By incorporating the low- transfer function of the microaccelerometer in a feedback loop, the system's dynamic range is improved by 20 dB, leading to a measured resolution of 4 g Hz and an output dynamic range of 95 dB at 20 Hz. The bias instability is 2 to 8 g for 12 hours. The chip is fabricated in the 0.5- m standard CMOS process with an area of 2.25 mm . The integrated circuit (IC) consumes 4.5 mW of power.
Prevalence of Esophageal Ulceration After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation with the Hot Balloon Ablation Catheter: What is the Value of Esophageal Cooling? (2014)

Cooling the esophagus by a mix of Iopamidol and saline infusion when the LET exceeds 39 °C during RHB ablation may decrease the incidence and severity of esophageal thermal injury.
Towards optimal strategies for moving droplets in digital microfluidic systems (2004)

In digital microfluidic systems, analyte droplets (volume typically less than 1 /spl mu/l) are transported across a planar electrode array by dielectrophoretic or electrowetting effects. This paper outlines a high-level approach to optimally control digital microfluidic systems, i.e., to develop efficient algorithms that generate a sequence of control signals for moving one or many droplets from start to goal positions in the shortest number of steps, subject to constraints such as minimum required separation between droplets, obstacles on the array surface, and limitations in the control circuitry. However, optimality may be prohibitive for large-scale configurations because of the high asymptotic complexity. Alternative solutions include (1) an investigation of still useful but more limited system configurations; and (2) approximation algorithms that trade off optimality of the control sequences with higher efficiency of the algorithms that generate these control sequences.
Detection and correction of speckle degradation in image sequences using a 3D Markov random field (1993)

Immunoregulatory factor (IRF) is a 70,000 molecular weight glycoprotein produced by human tumors that suppresses lymphocyte function including mitogen-stimulated tritiated leucine (3H-leu) and tritiated thymidine (3H-Tdr) uptake, in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis, induction of allospecific cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and proliferation of T-cell growth factor-dependent lymphocyte cultures. Antisera to IRF were produced by immunization of goats and rabbits with IRF purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-anion exchange and affinity chromatography. Antisera specificity was demonstrated by binding to IRF but not control muscle extract in an ELISA test and by specific removal of IRF activity by antibody coupled to acrylamide beads. Using these antisera, a double antibody-binding assay was developed to measure circulating levels of IRF and to determine its relationship to tumor growth and relevance for monitoring the clinical course of cancer patients. Quantitative autologous as well as allogeneic binding of sarcoma patients' sera to anti-IRF antibody was demonstrated. Of five tumor extracts tested, two had immunosuppressive activity, and IRF was detected in the preoperative sera of both patients. These extracts were not suppressive and IRF was not detected in the preoperative sera of these patients. In a double-blind study, analysis of serial serum samples from 26 sarcoma patients, 11 normal volunteers, and eight noncancer patients, demonstrated four patterns of circulating IRF: sustained high levels, increasing levels, decreasing levels, and no detectable IRF. Seven of 14 patients who eventually developed metastatic disease demonstrated sustained high or increasing levels of IRF. Eleven of 12 patients clinically free of tumor for five years or more, ten of 11 normal volunteers, and eight of eight noncancer patients had either a pattern of decreasing levels or no detectable IRF. Circulating IRF levels are correlated with the presence of tumor and may be useful in monitoring the clinical course of cancer patients.
Occurrence of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis with cachexia in a human squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla in athymic nude mice: a novel experimental model of three concomitant paraneoplastic syndromes. (1991)

Hypercalcemia and leukocytosis may occur in conjunction as paraneoplastic syndromes associated with malignant disease. Here we describe a human squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla that was associated with hypercalcemia and leukocytosis, and also cachexia. The primary tumor was surgically removed and established in permanent cell culture. When either primary tumors or cultured tumor cells were inoculated into nude mice, the nude mice developed the same paraneoplastic syndromes as those which occurred in the patient from whom the tumor was originally derived. The plasma calcium was increased two and one-half-fold and the WBC count 30-fold, and the body weight was decreased by 45% in tumor-bearing animals. Each of these paraneoplastic syndromes was alleviated by surgical excision of the tumor, indicating that the paraneoplastic syndromes were due to a factor or factors produced by the primary tumor. The development of each of these paraneoplastic syndromes in nude mice correlated positively with the other two syndromes. We examined the organs of tumor-bearing mice and found striking histopathologic abnormalities in the bones, spleen, and liver, but no infiltration with tumor cells. The bones showed marked evidence of osteoclastic bone resorption. This model of a human tumor associated with the hypercalcemia-leukocytosis paraneoplastic syndrome, together with cachexia, should make it possible to determine the mechanisms responsible for these paraneoplastic syndromes and their relationship to each other.
Changes in cytokine mRNA levels in experimental corneal allografts after local clodronate-liposome treatment. (1999)

Clodronate-liposome treatment markedly altered the mRNA levels of all cytokines investigated in corneal allografts. These results may explain in part the mechanism by which clodronate-LIP treatment prevents corneal allograft rejection.
<title>Three-dimensional assessment of bone turnover using computed microtomography and laser-scanning confocal microscopy</title> (2000)

Objective: Metabolic activity in trabecular bone is an important indicator in the therapy of bone diseases like osteoporosis. It is reflected by the amount of osteoid (young, not yet mineralized bone) and young calcified tissue (YCT). Our aim was to replace standard 2D histomorphometry with a 3D approach for osteoid and YCT measurement. Measurement Methods: Excised lumbar vertebrae of 5 ovariectomized (OVX) and 5 control rats were 3D-scanned with computed micro-tomography ((mu) CT, isotropic spatial resolution 20 micrometer<SUP>3</SUP>) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM, 20X magnification, 1X1X2 micrometer<SUP>3</SUP> spatial resolution). (mu) CT shows trabecular bone structure; LSCM shows osteoid and YCT by fluorescent light. Image Processing Methods: The fraction of bone to tissue volume (BV/TV) and the number of trabeculae (Tb.N) were calculated from globally thresholded (mu) CT images. LSCM images were enhanced using top-hat transform, globally thresholded and morphologically closed. Separate regions were labeled by volume growing. We measured feature volume to background volume ratio and number of features per unit volume. Results and Conclusions: In the specimens obtained from the OVX rats, a significant increase in the volume fractions of osteoid and YCT could be seen. The (mu) CT-LSCM approach presents a significant improvement over time-consuming, standard histomorphometry. The image processing for both modalities could be achieved automatically.
Measuring eye diagram of 320 Gbit/s optical signalbyoptical sampling using passively modelocked fibre laser (2001)

The eye diagram of a 320 Gbit/s optical signal was clearly observed by using an optical sampling system with a passively modelocked fibre laser for the sampling pulse. The generated sampling pulse was very stable. The time resolution of the system was 700 fs and the timing jitter was 80 fs.
Long-Term Compression Effects on Elastomeric O-Ring Behavior (1990)

This paper discusses the results of testing performed on elastomeric seal materials that had been under compression for extended periods of time. Elastomeric seals used in the Space Shuttle redesigned solid rocket motors can experience compression times of up to six months. These seals must be capable of sealing internal motor pressure upon ignition. The tests described herein were performed in order to verify that the seals, which had experienced long-term compression could seal throughout motor operation. Testing was divided into two phases: (1) dynamic high pressure testing, and (2) resiliency testing. Dynamic testing was performed using specialized test fixtures that allowed simulation of the field joint movements during initial motor operation along with high pressure gas. Resiliency testing was performed using specialized test fixtures that also simulated field joint movements and also had the ability to measure the sealing force of the O-ring. Results from all testing indicated that the current elastomeric seals used in the redesigned solid rocket motors will seal during motor operations in the currently defined launch environments.
Evaluation of efficacy of a skin lipid mixture in patients with irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis or atopic dermatitis: a multicenter study (2001)

Disturbances of skin barrier function occur in several skin diseases, e.g., atopic dermatitis (AD), irritant/allergic contact dermatitis (ICD, ACD). Skin barrier damage triggers the production of cytokines that stimulate lipogenesis which may also cause inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical skin lipid mixture in the treatment of ICD, ACD and AD. 580 consecutive patients suffering from ICD, ACD or AD were treated with a skin lipid mixture containing ceramide-3 and patented nanoparticles. Patients received the lipid mixture alone or in combination with topical corticosteroids until clearance or for 8 weeks. Both treatment groups statistically improved all parameters considered at week 4 and 8 as compared to baseline. Between the 2 treatment groups, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of combined therapy for (ICD, ACD, AD, respectively): erythema, pruritus and overall disease severity; erythema and pruritus; erythema, pruritus, fissuring and overall disease severity. No statistically significant difference was found for (ICD, ACD, AD, respectively): dryness, scaling and fissuring; scaling, fissuring and overall disease severity; dryness and scaling. Between the 2 ACD treatment groups, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of the skin lipid mixture for dryness. In conclusion, the study shows that balanced lipid mixtures are effective in improving barrier properties and the clinical condition of the skin in contact dermatitis.
Spaceborne receivers: Basic principles (1984)

The underlying principles of operation of microwave receivers for space observations of planetary surfaces were examined. The design philosophy of the receiver as it is applied to operate functionally as an efficient receiving system, the principle of operation of the key components of the receiver, and the important differences among receiver types are explained. The operating performance and the sensitivity expectations for both the modulated and total power receiver configurations are outlined. The expressions are derived from first principles and are developed through the important intermediate stages to form practicle and easily applied equations. The transfer of thermodynamic energy from point to point within the receiver is illustrated. The language of microwave receivers is applied statistics.
Introduction: The Economics of Search (1989)

The concept of headhunting may be introduced by a simple cost-benefit analysis of the reasons why a company should employ a search consultant in the first place. It suggests that — depending on the salary level of the appointment — headhunting generally costs marginally more than do-it-yourself recruiting, but it saves time and cuts risk in the long run. Thus we may see that on purely economic grounds, for specific needs, search has established a niche in the consultancy market; in later chapters we tackle the wider question of whether or not headhunting actually adds value, and can make a positive contribution to a company's performance.KeywordsIndirect CostSalary LevelSearch ConsultantSuccessful CandidateAdvertising AgentThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.