gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relative Reactivities of Amino Acids in Pyrazine Formation (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelative Reactivities of Amino Acids in Pyrazine FormationHui-Ing Hwang, Thomas G. Hartman, and Chi-Tang HoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 1, 179–184Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00049a033https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00049a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views799Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An analysis of consumers' behavior by the waste input-output model: Environmental impact of income and time use (2006)

This paper proposes a new model for evaluating the environmental impacts of consumption. The new model is developed by integrating existing ones: the waste input-output (WIO) model and one of the economics models describing consumer's behavior. A notable feature of the economics model is that a consumption activity is regarded as the operation of the corresponding consumption “technology.” Because a consumption “technology” produces consumer's utility (or satisfaction) by taking not only goods and services but also time as its inputs, the new model can be used to take account of the so-called rebound effects with regard to both income and time. Applying the developed model to the Japanese data (the WIO table 2000, the household expenditure survey and the survey on time-use), we found that some typical scenarios of alleged sustainable consumption are environmentally sound more than the observed consumption pattern as of 2000.
Petrophysical rock typing and permeability prediction in tight sandstone reservoir (2019)

In this paper, the low-permeability reservoir was subdivided into several units based on three models; in the first model, porosity, permeability, pore sizes, and shale volume were used as an input in the heterogeneous rock analysis clustering workflow to define rock units; in the second model, rock types were defined using flow zone index. The third flow unit discriminator was proposed by the author; the model is based on relation between porosity, permeability, irreducible water saturation, and pore size distribution. Also, Wyllie–Rose equation for permeability in tight reservoir was core-calibrated, and coefficients e, d, and Kw were established. The reservoir is built of thin layers of sandstones with variable porosity, permeability, pore sizes, and irreducible water. The research was performed in two wells where as input well log data, the laboratory results of mercury injection porosimetry, permeability measurements, and nuclear magnetic resonance data were used. Furthermore, it was investigated whether the presence of fractures identified on XRMI images were strictly related to one flow unit.
First-principles analysis of electronic states in silicon nanoscale quantum wires (1993)

The atomic structure of small-cross-section (\ensuremath{\approxeq}10 A\r{}), hydrogen-terminated silicon quantum wires is fully relaxed within the local-density approach showing bulklike coordination of the Si atoms. The electronic states near the fundamental gap (substantially blueshifted from that of bulk Si) show a direct gap between bulk-Si-derived states. The new dipole matrix elements and the detailed level orderings depend on the size, symmetry, and surface structure of the wire. The optical response is presented with the implications of the valley orbit splitting for radiative dynamics in light-emitting porous silicon.
The Influence of the Peptide Chain on the Kinetics and Stability of Microperoxidases (1996)

Microperoxidases with increasing lengths of the peptide attached to the heme moiety have been isolated after proteolytic digestion of horse-heart cytochrome c (microperoxidases 6, 8, and 11) and of cytochrome c550 from Thiobacillus versutus (microperoxidase 17). The different microperoxidases catalyze the H2O2-dependent para-hydroxylation of aniline relatively efficiently but are rapidly inactivated under turnover conditions. The horse-heart cytochrome-c-derived microperoxidases have identical values for Vmax but show a decrease of the K(m) for aniline and a higher stability when the attached peptide is longer. The kinetic constants obtained for microperoxidase 17, differ markedly from the microperoxidases derived from horse-heart cytochrome c. Possible factors underlying the observed differences are discussed.
MR imaging of fat in and around the heart. (1990)

MR imaging is useful for characterizing collections of fat in and around the heart. This article illustrates the MR appearance of pericardial fat, epicardial and periaortic fat, intramural fatty involvement and intracavitary fat, with emphasis on the distinctions between fatty and nonfatty tumors.
Study of tolnaftate release from fatty acids containing ointment and penetration into human skin ex vivo. (2011)

Five fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, myristic, lauric and capric) were incorporated in 10% (w/w) into ointment formulation and their influence on lipophilic model drug tolnaftate release in vitro and enhancing effect on tolnaftate penetration into epidermis and dermis of human skin ex vivo were investigated. The prepared ointments were tested for homogeneity, pH and theological properties. In vitro release studies and ex vivo skin penetration experiments were carried out using Hanson and Bronaugh-type flow-through diffusion cells, respectively. Tolnaftate cumulative amount liberated from semisolids was assayed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. After in vitro skin penetration studies, appropriately extracted human skin layers were analyzed for tolnaftate content using a validated HPLC method. Statistical analysis revealed that release rate of tolnaftate from control ointment and ointments with fatty acids was not significantly different and only 7.34-8.98% of drug was liberated into an acceptor medium after 6 h. Tolnaftate amount penetrating into 1 cm2 of epidermis from ointments containing oleic, linoleic, myristic and lauric acids was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than from the control ointment. Penetration enhancing ratios for these fatty acids for tolnaftate penetration into epidermis ranged from 1.48 to 1.75. In conclusion, fatty acids did not increase the liberation of tolnaftate from ointment formulation, but demonstrated their enhancing effect on tolnaftate penetration into human epidermis in vitro. Results from in vitro release experiments do not suit for prediction of the situation in the skin in vitro, if chemical penetration enhancers are incorporated into the ointment formulation.
Sensorless rotor position estimation by PWM-induced signal injection (2020)

We demonstrate how the rotor position of a PWM-controlled PMSM can be recovered from the measured currents, by suitably using the excitation provided by the PWM itself. This provides the benefits of signal injection, in particular the ability to operate even at low velocity, without the drawbacks of an external probing signal. We illustrate the relevance of the approach by simulations and experimental results.
Inhibition of fibrosis in TSK mice by blocking mast cell degranulation. (1987)

The Tsk mouse has a genetically transmitted connective tissue disease whose skin lesions resemble those of scleroderma. After treatment with disodium cromoglycate, a marked decrease in skin fibrosis was observed, raising the possibility that disodium cromoglycate may be a potential treatment for human scleroderma.
Multi-level glyco-engineering techniques to generate IgG with defined Fc-glycans (2016)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) mediates its immune functions through complement and cellular IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR). IgG contains an evolutionary conserved N-linked glycan at position Asn297 in the Fc-domain. This glycan consists of variable levels of fucose, galactose, sialic acid, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (bisection). Of these variations, the lack of fucose strongly enhances binding to the human FcγRIII, a finding which is currently used to improve the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. The influence of the other glycan traits is largely unknown, mostly due to lack of glyco-engineering tools. We describe general methods to produce recombinant proteins of any desired glycoform in eukaryotic cells. Decoy substrates were used to decrease the level of fucosylation or galactosylation, glycosyltransferases were transiently overexpressed to enhance bisection, galactosylation and sialylation and in vitro sialylation was applied for enhanced sialylation. Combination of these techniques enable to systematically explore the biological effect of these glycosylation traits for IgG and other glycoproteins.
Affinity of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori for the N-sulphated glycosaminoglycan heparan sulphate (1993)

Binding of 125I-heparan sulphate was a common property of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with gastroduodenal ulcer diseases. Binding was (i) saturable; (ii) reversible by the addition of unlabelled heparan sulphate and heparin; (iii) inhibited by unlabelled heparan sulphate, heparin, and heparin oligosaccharides but not by other glycosaminoglycans of comparable size (chondroitin sulphate and dermatan sulphate) or by highly glycosylated glycoproteins (hog gastric mucin and fetuin); (iv) reduced by heat treatment (80 degrees C, 10 min) and exposure of the bacteria to pronase E, proteinase K, trypsin and chymotrypsin, but unaffected by treatment with pepsin and neuraminidase; and (v) time-, pH-, and ionic strength-dependent. Scatchard plot analysis of the binding data indicated the presence of one class of high-affinity receptor (Kd = 9 x 10(-9) M) for heparan sulphate.
60-channel high-resolution counter array for high-speed continuous long-term data acquisition (2005)

We present a fast and highly compact data acquisition system suitable for interfacing with photon-counter SPADA (single-photon avalanche diode array) sensors, which are used in state-of-art astronomical applications. The acquisition system features a 60-channel counter array, which is able to capture events with a rate of up to 20 MHz, and allows a continuous long-term data acquisition, lasting up to several hours, with a time resolution downto few tenths of microseconds at the same time. The system is based on a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) single board, allocating an FPGA and a DSP, connected by means of an IEEE 1394 high-speed serial link to a Linux box, which implements a TCP/IP server. Therefore, the acquisition parameters, as well as the collected data, can remotely be accessed through a LabView interface running on a different PC. A proof-of-concept demonstration has been realized and the experimental results are presented.
Flexible conductive-bridging random-access-memory cell vertically stacked with top Ag electrode, PEO, PVK, and bottom Pt electrode (2014)

Flexible conductive-bridging random-access-memory (RAM) cells were fabricated with a cross-bar memory cell stacked with a top Ag electrode, conductive polymer (poly(n-vinylcarbazole): PVK), electrolyte (polyethylene oxide: PEO), bottom Pt electrode, and flexible substrate (polyethersulfone: PES), exhibiting the bipolar switching behavior of resistive random access memory (ReRAM). The cell also exhibited bending-fatigue-free nonvolatile memory characteristics: i.e., a set voltage of 1.0 V, a reset voltage of -1.6 V, retention time of >1 × 10(5) s with a memory margin of 9.2 × 10(5), program/erase endurance cycles of >10(2) with a memory margin of 8.4 × 10(5), and bending-fatigue-free cycles of ∼1 × 10(3) with a memory margin (I(on)/I(off)) of 3.3 × 10(5).
Methodologies of a robot platform development (2005)

Because of the advancement of technologies in robot development, we reached to the extent of developing biped robots similar to human beings. However. Most of researcher are independently carrying out their researches since there is no systematic and standardized methodologies. Furthermore, although systems have been processed to a single control unit based on processors in designing and developing the control unit of robots, problems are raised as the functions of the robots are becoming more intelligent and precise. In order to solve these problems, we will perform quantitative analysis on modular functions and the information exchange between the modules on the basis of the anatomic analysis of human nerves. Then, with ISO 15745 standards which provide the Integration Framework, we will offer integrated model for each dispersed module, and as a result, we would suggest methodologies of developing a robot platform with human -like structure and information processing path.
The Effect of Smoking on Lung Function (2007)

흡연은 폐기능을 점점 악화시키며 금연이 폐기능의 진행을 예방할 수 있는 유일한 방법이다. 흡연자의 약 15-20%에서는 만성폐쇄성폐질환이 발생한다. 나머지 50%는 만성기관지염 증상이 있고 나머지 30%는 건 강한 흡연자다 1 . 흡연이 폐기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 서는 이미 많은 연구를 통하여 잘 알려져 있다 1-4 . 그 러나 흡연과 폐기능과의 관계에 관한 일부 분야에서 는 여전히 논란이 되고 있다. 흡연자는 비흡연자 혹은 과거 흡연자에 비하여 매 년 폐기능이 감소되며 어느 정도로 감소되는 지에 관 한 연구 결과는 다양하다 3-5 . 또한 흡연은 기도과민반 응을 일으킬 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있지만 현재까지 도 기도과민반응과의 관계에 관한 연구는 적은 실정 이다. 남녀가 같은 정도의 흡연을 하였을 때 여자에서 폐기능 감소가 더 심한 것으로 알려져 있으나 6,7 여전 히 이 분야에 관한 연구는 논란이 되고 있을 뿐만 아 니라 연구도 불충분하다. 흡연이 만성폐쇄성폐질환의 가장 흔한 원인이지만 흡연 시 어떤 인자가 만성폐쇄 성폐질환의 발생에 관여하는지에 관한 연구도 잘 되 어 있지 않다. 흡연이 폐기능에 미치는 이와 같은 분야에 대하여 고찰해 보고자 한다. 흡연과 폐기능 감소와의 관계
Field Induced Photoemission and Hot-Electron Emission from Germanium (1960)

First Page
The rabbi in second-century Jewish society (1999)

Who were the rabbis of second-century Palestine (the 'tannaitic' period)? What was their role in Jewish society? What was their relationship with their fellow Jews? In what areas did they exercise authority? What were the institutional bases of their power? In sum, what was the nature of the society in which the rabbis lived and worked? These are the primary questions to be addressed by this chapter.
Increased Antiretroviral Antibody Reactivity in Sera from a Defined Population of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (1994)

These results provide circumstantial evidence for involvement of retroviruses in the pathogenesis of human SLE; further studies should be carried out using other techniques for measurement of retroviral expression.
Studies toward the Total Syntheses of Cucurbitacins B and D (2010)

Synthetic efforts toward the convergent construction of the tetracyclic triterpenoids cucurbitacins B and D are described. The results of a Diels-Alder study examining the effects of steric and electronic variations of 2-methyl-2-cyclohexenone on the endo/exo-diastereoselectivity of the reaction are presented. The diastereomer of the core of the cucurbitacins, epimeric at C8, C9, and C10, 51, was synthesized via a highly regio- and stereoselective Diels-Alder reaction of the diene 4 and the novel dienophile 50.
Bitter taste receptors and α-gustducin regulate the secretion of ghrelin with functional effects on food intake and gastric emptying (2011)

Ghrelin is a hunger hormone with gastroprokinetic properties but the factors controlling ghrelin secretion from the stomach are unknown. Bitter taste receptors (T2R) and the gustatory G proteins, α-gustducin (gust) and α-transducin, are expressed in the gut and are involved in the chemosensation of nutrients. This study aimed to investigate whether T2R-agonists affect (i) ghrelin release via α-gustducin and (ii) food intake and gastric emptying via the release of ghrelin. The mouse stomach contains two ghrelin cell populations: cells containing octanoyl and desoctanoyl ghrelin, which were colocalized with α-gustducin and α-transducin, and cells staining for desoctanoyl ghrelin. Gavage of T2R-agonists increased plasma octanoyl ghrelin levels in WT mice but the effect was partially blunted in gust(-/-) mice. Intragastric administration of T2R-agonists increased food intake during the first 30 min in WT but not in gust(-/-) and ghrelin receptor knockout mice. This increase was accompanied by an increase in the mRNA expression of agouti-related peptide in the hypothalamus of WT but not of gust(-/-) mice. The temporary increase in food intake was followed by a prolonged decrease (next 4 h), which correlated with an inhibition of gastric emptying. The delay in emptying, which was partially counteracted by ghrelin, was not mediated by cholecystokinin and GLP-1 but involved a direct inhibitory effect of T2R-agonists on gastric contractility. This study is unique in providing functional evidence that activation of bitter taste receptors stimulates ghrelin secretion. Modulation of endogenous ghrelin levels by tastants may provide novel therapeutic applications for the treatment of weight -and gastrointestinal motility disorders.
Classifying file type of stream ciphers in depth using neural networks (2005)

Summary form only given. Ciphers encrypted with the same key are called ciphers in depth. A depth attack is a form of cryptanalysis that takes advantage of finding ciphers in depth and could break a cryptosystem without even knowing the encryption algorithm. The first task in a depth attack is to cluster ciphers according to their common keys and is called depth detection. Then, one may want to know the file type of the underlying message of each cipher. In this research, depth detection is accomplished for stream ciphers with a hit rate of 99.5%. Next, ciphers in depth are further classified according to the file types of their underlying messages with an accuracy of over 90%. One important goal of this research is not to use the structure and key words of any specific file types as this allows the result to be applied to general file types. Also, the features extracted from the test samples for classification are simple ones, leaving room for improving the performance by adopting more complicated features.
Metabolic changes of acetaminophen after intravenous administration to rats pretreated with a hepatoprotective agent, YH-439. (1996)

The metabolic changes of acetaminophen (AAP) were investigated after the intravenous (iv) administration of AAP, 300 mg per kg body weight, to the control rats (n = 7) and rats pretreated with a new hepatoprotective agent, YH-439 (200 mg per kg body weight, orally administered for 3 consecutive days, n = 7). After iv administration of AAP, the AUC of AAP was significantly smaller and both the CL and CLNR of AAP were significantly faster in the YH-439 treated rats. The CLR of AAP-glucuronide and the partial clearance of both AAP-glucuronide and AAP-sulfate were significantly faster in the YH-439 pretreated rats. The percentages of iv dose excreted in 6 hr bile as AAP-glucuronide, AAP-glutathione, and AAP-cysteine-expressed in terms of AAP-significantly increased in the YH-439 pretreated rats. The above data suggest that the metabolism of AAP increases by pretreatment with YH-439, and the mechanism for the hepatoprotective effect of YH-439 appears to be due, at least in part, to the increased detoxification by the enhanced glucuronidation, and cysteine and glutathione conjugation of AAP.
HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE SKIN (1950)

Histopathology of the skin , Histopathology of the skin , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
Moving target irradiation with fast rescanning and gating in particle therapy (2010)

The simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the phase controlled rescanning method makes it possible to deliver the dose distribution close to the expected one. As an experimental result for 3D irradiation, it was estimated that blurring by the probability density function was not only for a lateral distribution, but also for a distal distribution, even in the lateral rescanning.
Growing human corneal epithelium on collagen shield and subsequent transfer to denuded cornea<i>in vitro</i> (1991)

Three fundamental in vitro experiments have been done in the present report: 1) comparison of three different nutrient media on their abilities to culture and passage the human corneal epithelial cells; 2) evaluation of the ability of extracellular matrix material to promote the growth of cultured human corneal epithelium on collagen corneal shields; and 3) determination of the feasibility of the shield to serve as a carrier for the transfer of cultured cells to allogeneic, denuded corneal surface in vitro. Primary cultures of human corneal epithelium were established from explants which were obtained from limbal and peripheral corneal tissue by three different nutrient media respectively: KGM (Keratinocyte Growth Medium), SHEM (Supplemental Hormonal Epithelial Medium), and one combination of the two media (KGM/SHEM). We found the KGM/SHEM combination to be more favorable because morphology was better preserved, the proliferation rate increased five-fold over the 14 days observed time course, and we were able to subculture the tissue for at least three passages. With this combined medium, a suspension of cultured corneal epithelial cells (5 x 10(5)/ml) was seeded onto either the concave surface of collagen corneal shields or onto shields which had been coated with extracellular matrix materials (Matrigel or type IV collagen). The cells attached readily to all the coated shields (20/20) but to only a few of the uncoated shields (3/10), and formed a stratified tissue (2 to 3 layers) within seven days once the cells attached. However, the cells on the shields coated with Matrigel failed to become confluent under these conditions. The stratified tissue on type IV collagen coated shields could then be subsequently transferred to denuded human corneal stroma in organ culture by placing them together and incubating for 2-7 days. After that, histologic examinations showed that the epithelial cells had attached tightly to the recipient stromal surface, even after the removal of the collagen shield.
Decreased cerebrospinal fluid Aβ <sub>42</sub> correlates with brain atrophy in cognitively normal elderly (2009)

Reduction in CSF Abeta(42), likely reflecting Abeta aggregation in the brain, is associated with brain atrophy in the preclinical phase of AD. This suggests that there is toxicity associated with Abeta aggregation before the onset of clinically detectable disease. Increases in CSF tau (and ptau(181)) are later events that correlate with further structural damage and occur with clinical onset and progression.
Electron cyclotron resonance plasma etching of Si with Cl2: Plasma chemistry and mechanisms (1994)

Abstract