gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiresonant Multidimensional Spectroscopy of Surface-Trapped Excitons in PbSe Quantum Dots (2012)

Recent work spectrally isolated and measured the quantum states associated with ultrafast relaxation from an initially excited 1S excitonic state to a lower energy state that is present in an inadequately capped PbSe quantum dot sample. The relaxed state was attributed to a surface-trapped exciton (STE). This letter reports the line-narrowed, multiresonant, two-dimensional spectrum of this sample. The multidimensional spectrum is unusual because diagonal peaks are absent, but there is a strong cross-peak between the 1S and STE transitions. Theoretical modeling provided values for the coherent and incoherent dynamics, the relative exciton and biexciton transition moments, the Coulombic coupling, and the homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using multiresonant methods to probe the quantum state dynamics of interface states in nanostructures.
Preferential lateral chemical etching in reactive ion etching of aluminum and aluminum alloys (1979)

Reactive ion etching of aluminum and its alloys in CCl4/argon plasmas produces vertical etch profiles and residue-free etched regions. However, under certain conditions, preferential lateral chemical etching occurs, which produces pits in the surface of the metal along the edges of the lands. The lateral etching is due to a thermally activated process and is related to the structure of the films. The extent of attack can be reduced by annealing the films at 450°C before etching. Al–Cu films deposited onto heated substrates are more susceptible to attack than those evaporated at lower temperatures. This apparent contradiction has not been resolved. The effects of etching temperature, plasma parameters, and film structure will be discussed. Scavenging of the responsible species by additions of H2 or O2 to the plasma is not successful.
Lithium treatment and suicide risk in major affective disorders: update and new findings. (2003)

The findings indicate major reductions of suicidal risks (attempts > suicides) with lithium maintenance therapy in unipolar >/= bipolar II >/= bipolar I disorder, to overall levels close to general population rates. These major benefits in syndromes mainly involving depression encourage evaluation of other treatments aimed at reducing mortality in the depressive and mixed phases of bipolar disorder and in unipolar major depression.
A review of high frequency surface wave radar for detection and tracking of ships (2010)

In today's resource-driven economy, maritime nations are claiming economic borders that extend beyond the continental shelf or the 200 nautical mile (nm) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). However, claiming such large economic area places responsibilities on the parent nation to exercise jurisdiction through surveillance and enforcement. The requirement to see beyond the horizon has long been a goal of maritime security forces. Today, this is largely dependent on cooperative vessels voluntarily communicating their intentions to local shore-side authorities, as well as on those vessel sightings reported by patrollers. Recent advances in technology provide maritime nations with options to provide more systematic surveillance of both cooperative and non-cooperative targets. This paper presents an overview of a land-based High Frequency Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR) used to provide persistent, active, surveillance. The paper demonstrates that these radars have now reached a level of maturity where their performance is predictable and that they can, within known limits, reliably detect and track ocean going vessels throughout the EEZ.
Skid steering based autonomous driving of Robotic Vehicle with Articulated Suspension (2009)

This paper describes an autonomous driving control algorithm based on skid steering for Robotic Vehicle with Articulated Suspension (RVAS). The driving control algorithm consists of four parts; speed controller for following a desired speed, trajectory tracking controller which computes a yaw moment input to track a desired trajectory, longitudinal tire force distribution which determines an optimal desired longitudinal tire force and wheel torque controller which determines a wheel torque command at each wheel to keep slip ratio at each wheel below a limit value as well as track the desired tire force. Longitudinal and vertical tire force estimators are designed for optimal tire force distribution and wheel slip control. The dynamic model of RVAS for simulation study is validated using vehicle test data. It is found from simulation and test results that the proposed driving controller produces satisfactory trajectory tracking performance.
THE BROMINATION OF ANTHRANILIC ACID. (1910)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE BROMINATION OF ANTHRANILIC ACID.Alvin S. Wheeler and W. M. OatesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1910, 32, 6, 770–773Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1910Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1910https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01924a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01924a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views512Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Reactions of Some New Thieno[2,3-C]pyridazine Derivatives (2009)

The alkylation of 4-cyano-5,6-dimethylpyridazin-3(2H)-thione 3 with some halo compounds gave the S-alkylated products 4a–c , which upon treatment with ethanolic sodium ethoxide afforded the cyclized thienopyridazines 5a–c as products. Pyridazothienotriazines 6a–c were prepared by the treatment of compounds 5a–c with nitrous acid, while their reaction with triethyl orthoformate and with carbon disulfide gave the corresponding pyrimidothienopyridazines 7a–c , and 8a–c , respectively. S-alkylated products 9a–o were obtained by the reaction of 8a–c with some halo compounds.
Global estimate of the incidence of clinical pneumonia among children under five years of age. (2004)

The overlap between the ranges of the estimates implies that a plausible incidence estimate of clinical pneumonia for developing countries is 0.29 e/cy. This equates to an annual incidence of 150.7 million new cases, 11-20 million (7-13%) of which are severe enough to require hospital admission. In the developed world no comparable data are available. However, large population-based studies report that the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia among children less than five years old is approximately 0.026 e/cy, suggesting that more than 95% of all episodes of clinical pneumonia in young children worldwide occur in developing countries.
Inhibition of Mast Cell Histamine Release by Flavonoids and Biflavonoids (1985)

The effect of 11 flavonoids and 4 biflavonoids on the release of histamine from peritoneal rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 and calcium ionophore A23187 was studied. Dihydroflavonoids (flavanones) and (+)-catechin did not modify histamine release induced by both secretagogues. Flavone, apigenin and cromoglycate inhibited the secretion elicited by compound 48/80 but did not modify the A23187-induced secretion. The effect of kaempferol on the compound 48/80-induced histamine release was biphasic. Low doses (10 (-6) to 10 (-5)M) of the compound potentiated secretion whereas higher doses inhibited histamine secretion. Some of the drugs tested revealed a higher potency as referred to quercetin. Luteolin, a tetrahydroxyflavone and amentoflavone, a biapigenin, exhibited the highest inhibitory effects of mast cell histamine secretion.
The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and the Lung (2010)

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. As a pattern-recognition receptor capable of binding a diverse range of ligands, it is typically expressed at low levels under normal physiological conditions in the majority of tissues. In contrast, the lung exhibits high basal level expression of RAGE localised primarily in alveolar type I (ATI) cells, suggesting a potentially important role for the receptor in maintaining lung homeostasis. Indeed, disruption of RAGE levels has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of pulmonary disorders including cancer and fibrosis. Furthermore, its soluble isoforms, sRAGE, which act as decoy receptors, have been shown to be a useful marker of ATI cell injury. Whilst RAGE undoubtedly plays an important role in the biology of the lung, it remains unclear as to the exact nature of this contribution under both physiological and pathological conditions.
Constrained shortest path first algorithm for lambda-switched mesh optical networks with logical overlay OCh/SP rings (2002)

We describe a constrained shortest path first (CSPF) routing algorithm for lambda-switched optical networks with logical overlay OCh/SP rings. Speed is definitely a requirement if the algorithm is to be used for lambda-switching, but several features of the network architecture complicate the routing problem. The algorithm we present in this paper meets the requirement of being fast. Moreover, the routing of a lightpath is based on a limited amount of link state information, which can be disseminated by a lightweight routing protocol. Our numerical results show that the performance of the algorithm does not improve significantly if the routing decisions are based on more detailed information about the configuration of the network.
Iron Status and Erythrocyte Volume in Dogs With Congenital Portosystemic Vascular Anomalies (1997)

Microcytosis, hypochromasia, and low mean corpuscular hemoglobin are frequent hematologic abnormalities in dogs with portosystemic vascular anomalies (PSVA). The relationship of iron status to these abnormalities is unclear. We evaluated iron status and hematologic and biochemical parameters in dogs with congenital PSVA before (25 dogs) and after (11 dogs) partial ligation of the vascular anomaly. Serum iron concentration and total iron binding capacity were subnormal in 56% and 20% of dogs with PSVA, respectively. Transferrin saturation was normal in 68%, decreased in 20%, and increased in 12% of the dogs. Plasma ferritin concentration was either normal (56%) or high (44%), and was not associated with increases in ceruloplasmin concentration. Hepatic stainable iron was increased in 10 of 16 dogs. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were decreased in more than 60% of dogs with PSVA. Serum biochemical abnormalities included high bile acid concentration and alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities; and low urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and total protein concentrations. Serum iron concentration and clinical status (normal or PSVA) significantly influenced MCV (P = .003 and P < .001, respectively), whereas age, ceruloplasmin, ferritin, cholesterol, bile acids, and total iron binding capacity did not. Partial ligation of PSVA was associated with resolution of clinical signs and the return to normal of iron status and all clinicopathologic abnormalities, except total fasting bile acid concentrations. These findings indicate that iron status is frequently abnormal in dogs with PSVA and that low serum iron concentration appears to be related to the development of microcytosis. The normalization of iron status and clinicopathologic abnormalities after treatment suggests that they are direct consequences of PSVA.
Studies on the Passage of α-Chymotrypsin across the Intestine. (1967)

^<131>I-labelled α-chymotrypsin was administered into the ligated intestine of adult rats, and 131I distribution was studied. Differences were found in the distribution in the kidney from the control experiment of 131I-KI administration in the same way. Furthermore, 131I-bound protein was surely observed in the serum after the intraintestinal administration of 131I-labelled α-chymotrypsin was comparatively stable in natural human intestinal and gastric juices under the addition of 0.033M Ca ion, but without Ca ion, it was rapidly degraded and lost its esterase activity with both juices. In in vitro experiment with the sac of everted intestine of rats, it was found that chymotrypsin was transferred from the mucosal to the serosal side with its esterase activity. From these experimental results, the possibility of the transfer of α-chymotrypsin across the intestine was discussed.
Biomolecular optical storage (2003)

A new application of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) in optical storage is presented. BR is used as the active layer of a Write-Once-Read-Many (WORM) storage which may be easily applied to a wide variety of substrates. The recording process uses polarization-sensitive two-photon absorption. As an example for this new BR application an ID-card equipped with an optical recording strip is presented. The capacity is about 1 MB of data per card. The recording density used currently is 125 kB/cm/sup 2/ which is far from the optical and materials limits but allows operation with cheap terminals. Data are stored in pages of 10 kB each. A special optical encryption procedure, which is first described here, allows to protect the stored data from unauthorized reading. The molecular basis of this process is described. A special property of BR in this application is that by biomolecular design storage, photochromism and traceability of the material are combined in a single molecule. BR introduces a new quality of storage capability for applications with increased security and anti-counterfeiting requirements.
Equilibrium critical thickness for misfit dislocations in III-nitrides (2008)

The critical thickness gives the transition point between fully strained and relaxed heteroepitaxial films and determines the onset of defect generation, including misfit dislocations, cracks, and V-pits. An important variable in critical thickness calculations concerning misfit dislocations is the dislocation energy. It consists of two contributions: the elastic energy of the bulk material around a dislocation and the energy of the dislocation core. The latter part is often neglected. Recent atomistic calculations have estimated this quantity together with the radius of dislocation cores in wurtzite III-nitrides. The effect of the dislocation core energy on equilibrium critical thickness values for III-nitrides is investigated theoretically and is shown to be significant. The calculated values of the critical thickness are compared with experimentally determined values of the critical thickness for misfit dislocations in the InGaN/GaN system using transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques. A comparison of the present model with experimental observations, together with a wide range of data from the literature for both AlGaN/GaN and InGaN/GaN systems, shows reasonable agreement. Finally, we speculate on a possible reason for differences between theory and experiment.
A pumped thermal energy storage cycle with capacity for concentrated solar power integration (2019)

Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a grid-scale energy management technology that stores electricity in the form of thermal energy. A number of PTES systems have been proposed using different thermodynamic cycles, including a variant based on a regenerated Brayton cycle that stores the thermal energy in liquid storage media (such as molten salts) via heat exchangers. This has several advantages, including the possibility to consider hybrid “solar-PTES” systems employing technology developed by the concentrated solar power (CSP) industry. Such a hybrid system could charge the same hot stores using either solar energy or off-peak electricity (e.g, from nearby wind farms), increasing the capacity factor of the plant while employing the same heat engine during discharge. In this paper, two different configurations of solar-PTES systems are proposed and studied numerically: (i) a configuration in which an existing CSP plant is retrofitted with a Brayton heat pump, and (ii) a configuration in which a new hybrid plant uses the Brayton cycle both for charge and discharge. In both cases, the need to absorb and reject heat at conditions close to ambient temperature requires the Brayton cycle to incorporate intercooled stages at the cold side of the cycle. On the other hand, the intercooling process increases the minimum temperature of the cold stores, meaning that widely available and nonflammable antifreeze solutions (such as water-ethylene glycol) may be used as the cold storage medium.
Large-scale synthesis of nanocrystals in a multichannel droplet reactor (2013)

We report a multichannel microfluidic droplet reactor for the large-scale, high temperature synthesis of nanocrystals. The reactor was applied here to the production of CdTe, CdSe and alloyed CdSeTe nanocrystals, and found in all cases to provide high quality quantum dots with spectral properties that did not vary between channels or over time. One hour test runs yielded 3.7, 1.5 and 2.1 g of purified CdTe, CdSe and the alloy, respectively, using 0.4 M cadmium precursor solutions and carrier and reagent phase flow rates of 4 and 2 ml min−1. A further nine hour test-run applied to CdTe, utilizing increased carrier and reagent flow rates of 5 and 3 ml min−1, yielded 54.4 g of dry purified material, corresponding to a production rate of 145 g per day. The reactor architecture is inherently scalable and, with only minimal modifications, should allow for straightforward expansion to the kilogram-per-day production levels sought by industry.
ADDITIVITY OF INTERMOLECULAR FORCES AT INTERFACES. I. DETERMINATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION TO SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL TENSIONS OF DISPERSION FORCES IN VARIOUS LIQUIDS<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTADDITIVITY OF INTERMOLECULAR FORCES AT INTERFACES. I. DETERMINATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION TO SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL TENSIONS OF DISPERSION FORCES IN VARIOUS LIQUIDS1Frederick M. FowkesCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1963, 67, 12, 2538–2541Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100806a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100806a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3040Altmetric-Citations637LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
High-speed operation of strained InGaAs/InGaAsP MQW lasers (2005)

High-speed operation of InGaAs/InGaAsP strained-layer MQW lasers has been achieved at 70 /spl deg/C under zero-bias condition by optimizing the SCH structure.
Atlas.txt: Linking Geo-referenced Data to Text (2007)

Geo-referenced data which are often communicated via maps are inaccessible to the visually impaired population. We summarise existing approaches to improving accessibility of geo-referenced data an ...
Cosmeceuticals (2006)

The aging population and a desire to maintain a youthful appearance have propelled the recent surge in the U.S. cosmeceuticals market. The rapidly growing number of products claiming to diminish fine lines and wrinkles, decrease redness, smooth texture, and fade discoloration has lead to much confusion and misinformation among dermatologists and consumers alike. Cosmeceuticals can be a useful adjunct to prescription medications and office procedures. Therefore, it behooves us as dermatologists to understand the science behind these products to better educate ourselves and our patients. We present an update of the following categories of cosmeceuticals: antioxidants, growth factors, peptides, anti-inflammatories/botanicals, polysaccharides, and pigment-lightening agents.
Using Actor-Network Theory to Research the Implementation of a B-B Portal for Regional SMEs in Melbourne, Australia. (2002)

E-commerce portals come in all shapes and sizes, but they all have one thing in common: they all involve interactions between information technology and people. Information systems are complex socio-technical entities and research into their implementation needs to take account of this. This paper describes the research approach used in investigating the implementation of a business-to-business ecommerce portal for small to medium enterprises in the western region of Melbourne, Australia. The research approach is based on actor-network theory and innovation translation, and this paper shows how this approach can be usefully employed in socio-technical situations involving technological innovation.
Programmable motion of DNA origami mechanisms (2015)

DNA origami enables the precise fabrication of nanoscale geometries. We demonstrate an approach to engineer complex and reversible motion of nanoscale DNA origami machine elements. We first design, fabricate, and characterize the mechanical behavior of flexible DNA origami rotational and linear joints that integrate stiff double-stranded DNA components and flexible single-stranded DNA components to constrain motion along a single degree of freedom and demonstrate the ability to tune the flexibility and range of motion. Multiple joints with simple 1D motion were then integrated into higher order mechanisms. One mechanism is a crank-slider that couples rotational and linear motion, and the other is a Bennett linkage that moves between a compacted bundle and an expanded frame configuration with a constrained 3D motion path. Finally, we demonstrate distributed actuation of the linkage using DNA input strands to achieve reversible conformational changes of the entire structure on ∼ minute timescales. Our results demonstrate programmable motion of 2D and 3D DNA origami mechanisms constructed following a macroscopic machine design approach.