gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Narcolepsy. (1992)

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and premature onset of rapid eye movement sleep. It can be differentiated from other disorders causing daytime drowsiness by its clinical symptoms and by sleep laboratory studies. The disorder usually begins in adolescence and remains present throughout life. Genetic susceptibility to narcolepsy is closely associated with specific HLAs that indicate the existence of a gene in the region of the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6 that increases susceptibility to narcolepsy. Neurochemical studies of human and canine narcolepsy have demonstrated disturbed monoaminergic and cholinergic function that may account for impaired regulation of rapid eye movement sleep, but the link between these abnormalities and the genetic factors is still unknown. Treatment of sleepiness with stimulants and cataplexy with tricyclic antidepressants leads to substantial improvement but does not fully resolve symptoms in most patients.
Examining the Nonlinear Effects in Satisfaction-Loyalty-Behavioral Intentions Model (2007)

Extant research has widely investigated linear functional forms in satisfaction and loyalty models. In this study with the use of nonlinear form, the relationship between satisfaction, attitudinal loyalty, purchase loyalty and customer behavioral intentions, such as willingness to pay more and external and internal complaining responses in the context of business-to-consumer e-commerce, has been discussed. It has found modest empirical support for nonlinear effects in the relationship. Results support nonlinearity only in the case of attitudinal loyalty to internal complaining response link. Results also present evidence about the mediating role of attitudinal loyalty in the relationship between satisfaction, purchase loyalty, willingness to pay more and internal complaining responses. [W.P. No.2007-11-01]
Terminology and nomenclature for standardization in quantitative fluorescence cytometry (1998)

Terminology in any field is a complex mix of established conventions, accepted usages, disputed terms, and occasional misnomers. The terminology that has evolved for quantitative fluorescence cytometry (QFCM) is especially multifarious, in part because QFCM encompasses a range from subjective visual assessments to objective photon counts. Thus, while descriptive terms such as "dim" and "bright" are still quite useful, quantitative terms such as "binding capacity" should be used with collective understanding of their exact meanings. This article reviews current usage and proposes definitions that, with refinement from suppliers and users of QFCM technology, can provide the required clarity.
A comparative study between felted and triaxial compressed polymer foams on cushion performance (2013)

A widely used industrial felted foam was compared to a volumetrically heated and compressed foam in this study in terms of cushion performance. The off-the-shelf melamine open cell foam and polyurethane open cell foam were triaxially heated and compressed via an in-house-made device, and energy dissipation was then compared to the felted off-the-shelf open cell melamine and the polyurethane foam. The hysteresis cycle compression test and impact test, in conjunction with a high-speed video camera, were conducted to measure the energy dissipation, G-value, and the Poisson’s ratio. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the cellular morphology before and after the felting and volumetric heat and compression. The study showed that both felted foam and triaxial compressed foam demonstrated reasonably well the cushion performance due to the presence of auxetic and microcell structures.
Coal Liquefaction (2012)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 1.1. Commercial Development 1.2. Historical Background 2. Indirect Coal Liquefaction 2.1. Preparation of Synthesis Gas 2.1.1. Coal Gasification 2.1.2. Water–Gas Shift 2.1.3. Synthesis Gas Purification 2.2. Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis 2.2.1. Mechanisms 2.2.2. Product Selectivity and Characteristics 2.2.3. Catalytic Selectivity 2.2.4. Refining of Crude Products 2.2.5. Integrated Plant Configurations 2.2.6. Commercial Practice at SASOL 2.2.7. New and Developing Technologies 2.2.8. Advanced Systems 2.3. Methanol and Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) 2.4. Dimethyl Ether (DME) 2.5. Environmental Protection 2.6. Economic Aspects 3. Direct Coal Liquefaction 3.1. Mechanisms 3.2. Liquefaction Products 3.3. Solvents 3.3.1. Hydrogen Donors 3.3.2. Coal Conversion and Hydrogen Transfer 3.3.3. Interactive Solvent Effects 3.3.4. Side Reactions of Solvents 3.4. Coal Composition 3.4.1. Coal Rank 3.4.2. Bituminous Coal 3.4.3. Low‐Rank Coal 3.4.4. Coal Drying and Oxidation 3.5. Gaseous Hydrogen 3.6. Liquefaction in COH 2 O and COH 2 H 2 O 3.7. Catalysis 3.7.1. Mechanisms 3.7.2. Disposable Catalysts 3.7.3. Supported Catalysts 3.7.4. Molten Halide Catalysts 3.8. Process Description 3.9. Commercial Processes 3.9.1. Kohleoel (Ruhrkohle‐Veba Oel) Process 3.9.2. NEDOL Process 3.9.3. Solvent‐Refined Coal (SRC‐I and SRC‐II) Processes 3.9.4. Exxon Donor Solvent Process 3.9.5. H‐Coal Process 3.9.6. Catalytic Two‐Stage Process 3.9.7. HTI Coal Process 3.9.8. BCL Process 3.9.9. Liquefaction Solvent Extraction Process 3.10. Environmental Considerations 3.11. Economic Aspects
Direct Measurement of Depletion Potentials in Mixtures of Colloids and Nonionic Polymers (1998)

In colloidal suspensions containing a binary mixture of hard spheres depletion forces occur which substantially contribute to the interaction of the larger spheres among themselves and a wall, respectively. We investigated the depletion force acting on a large colloidal polystyrene sphere immersed in a solution of small, noncharged polymer coils close to a flat glass surface by means of total internal reflection microscopy. When the distance between the polystyrene sphere and the wall is smaller than the diameter of the polymer coils, an attractive potential acting on the sphere is observed which depends strongly on the polymer concentration. Our results are in agreement with theoretical predictions.
ISOMERIZATION PURE HYDROCARBONS (1942)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdvertisementNEXTISOMERIZATION PURE HYDROCARBONSCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1942, 20, 14, 935Publication Date (Print):July 25, 1942Publication History Published online4 November 2010Published inissue 25 July 1942https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v020n014.p935Copyright © 1942 American Chemical Society This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (89 KB) SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Isomerization Get e-Alerts
Inquiring of the Sights from the Web via Camera Mobiles (2006)

In this paper, we presented an image search service for mobile users. It can be used to acquire related information by taking and sending pictures to the server, for example, getting book reviews by a photo of the cover. The key problem here is to find images that contain the same prominent object as that in the query image. In the literature, local feature based image matching has been proven to outperform those based on global features. When using local features, however, one query image may contain thousands of high dimensional feature vectors. Each feature vector needs to match against millions of features in the database. Therefore, it is critical to design an efficient search scheme. Our proposed matching approach was based on identifying semi-local visual parts from multiple query images. Experiments on two real-world datasets showed that this approach was superior to conventional solutions
60 GHz Multibeam Antenna Array for Gigabit Wireless Communication Networks (2006)

A set of seven rod antennas at 60 GHz to support gigabit wireless networks is described. Rods are fed by patches and their radiation coverage are in hexagonal configuration. The antenna array demonstrates approximately 11 dBi gain, a 19% bandwidth and 40deg half power beamwidth. The coupling coefficient is no more than -30 dB between elements. The design method, simulation, manufacture and characterization of the antenna are presented. The proposed small-scale multi-beam array is suitable for both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight wireless links
Determination of Histamine in Microdialysis Samples from Guinea Pig Skin by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection (2011)

The novel technique for histamine determination in microdialysis samples from the guinea pig skin may be utilized in preclinical research of antihistaminergic drugs and evaluation of allergenic properties of various dermal preparations such as transdermal drug delivery systems.
Fabrication of circular sawtooth gratings using focused UV lithography (2016)

This paper presents a novel micro-fabrication method using focused ultraviolet (UV) light to manufacture three-dimensional sawtooth structures in ultra-thick negative photoresist to fabricate a novel multi-prism x-ray lens. The method uses a lens to shape the UV beam instead of the photomask conventionally used in UV lithography. Benefits of this method include the ability to manufacture sawtooth structures in free form, for example in circular shapes as well as arrays of these shapes, and in resist that is up to 76 μm thick.
Antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida spp. by relative growth measurement at single concentrations of antifungal agents (1992)

The relative growth (percentage of growth relative to control growth) of 496 isolates representing six Candida species was assessed as a means of determining in vitro susceptibilities of the isolates in microdilution plate wells containing single concentrations of each of seven antifungal agents. The relative growth data were highly reproducible. With flucytosine and amorolfine they correlated well with MICs, but for an azole antifungal agent, terconazole, they did not correlate with MICs. Distributions of relative growth percentages for different Candida spp. showed significant differences in species susceptibility to individual agents. For example, C. albicans was less susceptible than the other species to amorolfine; C. parapsilosis isolates were particularly susceptible to terbinafine; and C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, and C. krusei isolates were less susceptible than C. albicans to fluconazole and ketoconazole but equally susceptible as or more susceptible than C. albicans to itraconazole. Differential patterns of susceptibility to individual azole antifungal agents were noted for some individual strains as well as for Candida spp.
Optimal trajectory control of a series-resonant inverter with a non-linear resonant inductor (2017)

Series-Resonant (SR) converters have been used as building blocks for DC-AC and DC-DC power converters for at least half a century. Applications were first found in induction heating [1], where generating a substantial AC current at moderately high frequency was required by the application. Later, the inherent presence of current zero crossings was exploited (often in combination with thyristors as main switching devices), in a variety of applications, ranging from high voltage generation for space craft [2] to DC motor drives [3], multi-phase AC inverters [4] and X-ray high voltage generators [5].
Augmenting the CAVE: An initial study into close focused, inward looking, (2007)

CAVE-like Immersive Projection Technologies (IPT) systems have long been used to explore complex 3D geometric data sets. While this approach works well for many activity types, there are a class of activities that remain challenging within these environments. When virtual objects are brought into close proximity to the user (denoted by a virtual distance of less than that between the user and the projection surface) the users inability to perceive fine detail and effectively explore around an object from an inward looking perspective becomes apparent. This research presents and evaluates the introduction of an augmented viewing device into a traditional CAVE-like IPT system. This has been accomplished by integrating a tracked tablet PC device that offers a multi modal interface for both user position referenced micro/macroscopic viewing and alternate interaction inputs as part of a distributed augmented CAVE-like IPT system.
Identification of phosphatidate nonlamellar phases on liposomes by flow cytometry (1995)

This study is the first report that demonstrates nonlamellar arrangements, or lipidic particles, of phosphatidate inserted in the lipid bilayer of liposomes using polyclonal antibodies from mice and flow cytometry. Sera immunoreactivity was analyzed using liposomes that displayed smooth bilayers of phosphatidate particles, as shown by electron microscopy. This cytofluorimetric analysis showed that immune mice sera have a specific immunoreactivity with the phosphatide particles formed by Mn2+, which also cross-reacted with those formed by Ca2+ and with cardiolipin particles formed by Mn2+. In addition, these immune sera hardly reacted with smooth bilayered liposomes, independently of the lipid composition studied. Thus, this new methodology can be applied to demonstrate nonlamellar molecular arrangements in biological membranes.
Surface-Free Photo-EMF Adaptive Photoreceivers with Integrated Co-Planar Contacts (2001)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. A. Coy, M. R. Melloch, D. D. Nolte, B. P. Pouet, M. B. Klein, D. M. Pepper, and G. J. Dunning, "Surface-Free Photo-EMF Adaptive Photoreceivers with Integrated Co-Planar Contacts," in Photorefractive Effects, Materials, and Devices, G. Salamo and A. Siahmakoun, eds., Vol. 62 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2001), paper 285. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Derivation and Characterization of New Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines: SNUhES1, SNUhES2, and SNUhES3 (2005)

Here we report the derivation and characterization of new human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines, SNUhES1, SNUhES2, and SNUhES3. These cells, established from the inner cell mass using an STO feeder layer, satisfy the criteria that characterize pluripotent hESCs: The cell lines express high levels of alkaline phosphatase, cell surface markers (such as SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81), transcription factor Oct-4, and telomerase. When grafted into severe combined immunodeficient mice after prolonged proliferation, these cells maintained the developmental potentials to form derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. The cell lines have normal karyotypes and distinct identities, revealed from DNA fingerprinting. Interestingly, analysis by electron microscopy clearly shows the morphological difference between undifferentiated and differentiated hESCs. Undifferentiated hESCs have a high ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli, indistinct cell membranes, free ribosomes, and small mitochondria with a few crista, whereas differentiated cells retain irregular nuclear morphology, desmosomes, extensive cytoplasmic membranes, tonofilaments, and highly developed cellular organelles such as Golgi complex with secretory vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes, and large mitochondria. Existence of desmosomes and tonofilaments indicates that these cells differentiated into epithelial cells. When in vitro differentiation potentials of these cell lines into cardiomyocytes were examined, SNUhES3 was found to differentiate into cardiomyocytes most effectively.
Doppler spread measurements for tuning pilot-assisted channel estimation (2004)

In pilot assisted channel estimation, pilots are sent at a rate sufficient to track channel variations under every operating condition. For this reason some pilot redundancy is present when Doppler spread is lower than the expected maximum. So it is worth providing a Doppler spread estimate to tune the channel estimation and exploit the possible aforementioned redundancy. This work presents a method to adaptively tune the pilot-aided channel estimation on the basis of the channel Doppler spread in turn estimated by means of a modified zero-crossing method. Zero-crossing method is very attractive be cause of its low complexity, but it suffers from bias in the case of noise. In this study the method has been modified to face very noisy conditions by introducing a correcting factor depending on the SNR. The application of this method in a RAKE receiver designed for UMTS FDD base station is presented herein.
On improving vector excitation coders through the use of spherical lattice codebooks (SLCs) (2003)

Two novel techniques for use in VXC (vector excitation coding) speech coders are presented. The first enables massive excitation codebooks (>or=20 b) to be used at realizable complexities by using a novel spherical lattice codebook for the excitation codebook. The second technique is a generalization of the gain-optimized error measure which allows any number of gains to be calculated for each excitation vector. This multiple-gain VXC can be thought of as a hybrid between multipulse and VXC.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrophilic substitution in lndoles. Part 11. The mechanism of substitution in 5-methoxyindoles (1982)

Deuterium labelling experiments show that the boron trifluoride-catalysed cyclisation at 90 °C of 4-(5-methoxyindol-3-yl)butanol (1e) to 6-methoxytetrahydrocarbazole (11a) occurs by two simultaneous pathways. The main route (83.5%) involves initial cyclisation at the 3-position of (1e) to give an intermediate spirocyclic indolenine which then rearranges to the tetrahydrocarbazole. The minor pathway (16.5%) involves direct attack at the 2-position. A similar duality of mechanism of substitution applies to the 6-methoxy-, 4,6-dimethoxy-, and 5,6-dimethoxy-indole analogues for which the extent of substitution at the 2-position can be correlated with the calculated change in π-electron density at the 2- and 3-positions for a series of methoxy-substituted 3-methylindoles. These calculations do not, however, fit the experimental findings for the 5-methoxy-derivative which appears to be anomalous, showing an unexpectedly high percentage of direct substitution at the 2-position. A possible explanation of this result is advanced.
<i>In vivo</i> biostability and calcification‐resistance of surface‐modified PU‐PEO‐SO<sub>3</sub> (1993)

To examine the biostability and calcification-resistance of polyurethanes (PUs), the surface of PU was grafted with hydrophobic perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (PU-PFDA), hydrophilic polyethyleneoxide (PEO) (PU-PEO1000), and further negatively charged sulfonate groups (PU-PEO1000-SO3). An in vivo animal test was conducted by subcutaneous implantation in rats during 2, 4 and 6 months. A scanning electron microscope study demonstrated that the degree of surface cracking on explanted PUs was increased in the following order: PU-PFDA > PU > PU-PEO1000 > PU-PEO1000-SO3. In the results of energy dispersive x-ray analysis and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the deposition of calcium was found abundantly, but that of phosphorus was hardly in existence in all implanted PUs, suggesting that this calcium compound is not a hydroxyapatite. The calcium contents, regardless of implantation time, were also increased in the same order (PU-PFDA > PU > PU-PEO1000 > PU-PEO1000-SO3). After 6 months implantation, no severe tissue reactions were observed and calcification almost occurred on polymer surfaces in all implants. Such superior biostability and anticalcification of PU-PEO1000-SO3 might be attributed to synergistic effects of its excellent surface smoothness, sulfonate acid (SO3-) groups, nonadhesive and mobile PEO, and the high hydrophilicity and enhanced blood compatibility. Therefore, PU-PEO1000-SO3 is promising as biostable and calcification-resistant biomaterial.
Non-T-Cell-Depleted HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation From a Family Donor Based on Fetomaternal Microchimerism in Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies (2003)

Based on recent fetomaternal microchimerism/tolerance theory, two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent non-T-cell-depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplants (SCT) from haploidentical HLA 2 loci-mismatched family donors (one from a sibling, one from the mother). Engraftment was achieved in two patients. In two recipients, acute graft-versus-host disease was limited to grade II or less, and no chronic graft-versus-host disease developed. Both of these patients have maintained complete remission for more than 8 months post-SCT. Non-T-cell-depleted SCT from haploidentical HLA 2 loci-mismatched family donors seems feasible if microchimerism is detectable.
Precise detection of singly mismatched DNA with functionalized diamond electrolyte solution gate FET. (2008)

The DC operation of diamond electrolyte solution gate FETs (SGFETs) and discrimination of complementary and singly mismatched DNAs in solution were demonstrated. The transconductance (gm), which is the sensitivity for detecting the hybridization of DNA on SGFET, was increased from 60 µS/mm to 9.5 mS/mm by miniaturization of FET. Hybridization of target DNA with probe DNA was detected by the gate potential shift caused by the negative charges on DNA immobilized on the channel surface. The change in gate potential caused by the hybridization of complementary DNA was about 25 mV. The ratio of change in gate potential by hybridization of complementary and single-mismatched DNA was 3:1 on diamond SGFET.
Health effects and air quality objectives (1993)

Authorities around the World have used criteria for indicator pollutants as a way of setting objectives for Air Pollution Control. The indicator pollutants are those which are measurable, prevalent and about which we know most (although in most cases not enough to be sure of their direct links to illness, atleast in the concentrations found in ambient air.
Short-Term Magnetic Field Exposures (60Hz) Induce Protection Against Ultraviolet Radiation Damage (1999)

Results of the present study demonstrate that EM field exposures of appropriate duration induce protection against damage from UV light exposure. Because EM field exposures have been reported to activate stress protein response pathways and protect against anoxia/re-oxygenation damage, stress proteins are thought to play a role in the observed UV protection.