gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Removal of a predatory bug from a biological control package facilitated an augmentative program in Israeli strawberry. (2005)

The demands of export and domestic markets have led growers to adopt a biological controlbased integrated pest management program in low-tunnel strawberry fields in Israel. The program consists of the mass release of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis AthiasHenriot (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) against red spider mites and of the parasitic wasp Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) against the cotton aphid. A study was launched to assess the potential use of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) to control the western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in strawberry. After first developing economic thresholds for WFT in strawberry, we investigated (i) the ability of O. laevigatus to reproduce on vegetative and reproductive plant parts, (ii) the potential damage to fruits caused by O. laevigatus feeding and oviposition, and (iii) the species composition of the naturally-occurring WFT predator complex in strawberry fields.
Circulating Immune Complexes in Steroid-Responsive Sensorineural Hearing Loss and the Long-Term Observation (1983)

Immune complexes (IC) were determined quantitatively in 53 cases of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) by the Raji cell immuno-fluorescence assay. The 53 cases consisted of 47 cases of unknown etiology, 5 cases with positive syphilitic reaction and 1 case of aortitis syndrome. High IC values were indicated in 5 cases, of which one was of aortitis syndrome and 4 were of unknown etiology. The case of aortitis syndrome and 3 out of the above 4 cases of unknown etiology were responsive to steroid. There were 2 cases which showed normal IC values but reacted to steroid. All patients of the steroidresponsive SNHL were female. If hearing improves by steroid administration, it is necessary to suspect autoimmune SNHL. It has been proved that in SNHL which is responsive to steroid, the hearing level before the start of treatment may be maintained by long-term steroid therapy.
Optically active ‘adjacent’ type non-centrosymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines (1998)

Optically active ‘adjacent’ type non-centrosymmetrically substituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) and benzo-substituted Pcs having π-systems with C2v symmetry have been synthesized in high yields in a mixed condensation using bisphthalonitriles (which do not racemize under general Pc formation conditions) and a second phthalonitrile, and characterized by UV–VIS, natural and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy.
Non‐linear optical properties of poly(phenylene vinylene) in porous silicon substrates (2005)

We present a new technique to fill porous silicon layers of 5 µm thick with poly(p phenylene vinylene) (PPV), a polymer having high nonlinear coefficient in view of preparing waveguide devices. By analyzing the samples with different optical techniques, we have demonstrated that this method was efficient in filling the substrate within the whole thickness of the porous layer. Furthermore, the nonlinear properties of the polymer was found to be enhanced, which is promising for the use of these structures as waveguides in integrated optic applications. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Solvent-free catalysed synthesis of tetrahydropyran odorants: the role of SiO (2010)

An efficient, green and solvent-free catalysed Prins-cyclization reaction based on the simple grinding of an aldehyde and a homoallylic alcohol in the presence of catalytic amount of p-TSA on silica gel is reported. By this protocol were synthesized tetrahydropyran odorants including commercial Florol® and Clarycet®, in one and two steps respectively.
Design criteria for SEPIC and Cuk converters as power factor preregulators in discontinuous conduction mode (2003)

SEPIC and Cuk converters present a great advantage over boost and fly-back topologies in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM): an input current with low harmonic content can be obtained by correctly choosing the inductors L/sub 1/ and L/sub 2/ of the converter with a fixed operation frequency, as is demonstrated here. The authors also discuss the intermedium capacitor C/sub 1/ as well as some advantages and disadvantages of the application. Simulation and experimental results support the approach. It is concluded that SEPIC and Cuk converters in DCM seem to be good choices for use as power factor preregulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Pharmacodynamic (PD) Relationship of S/GSK1349572, a Next Generation Integrase Inhibitor (INI), in HIV-1 Infected Patients (2009)

The long-standing Shionogi-GSK Joint Venture has made considerable progress in developing next-generation integrase inhibitors. S/GSK1349572 is the only once-daily, unboosted integrase inhibitor currently in development with unprecedented antiviral activity and a superior resistance profile. 1,2,3 To date, the PK-PD relationship for INI has not been well characterized. There has been a lack of PK-PD relationship demonstrated for raltegravir (RAL); this can largely be attributed to high RAL PK variability. 4,5 Elvitegravir (ELV), another INI currently in Phase III clinical development has demonstrated exposure-dependent antiviral activity. 6 S/GSK1349572 demonstrated low PK variability which provides a good foundation for understanding the PK-PD relationship of this drug, and can also be applied to better understanding the class. 7 A dose ranging, placebo-controlled 10-day monotherapy study of S/GSK1349572 in HIV-1 infected subjects showed a mean 2.5 log decrease from baseline in plasma HIV RNA with the 50mg dose, and a clear dose-response relationship. 1 The design and dose selection of this study provided data to better understand the PK-PD relationship of this compound and provide inference across all INIs.
Development of high current vapor-cooled current leads for large superconductor critical current measuring (1992)

Several programs to develop superconducting magnets for the Large Helical Device (LHD) are under way at the National Institute for Fusion Science in Japan. The development of large-scale superconductors for use in superconducting magnets is an important goal of these programs. To measure the critical current of such large-scale superconductors it is necessary to supply a very high current of up to 100 kA. For this purpose, very large current capacity, vapor-cooled current leads have been developed. As a first step in this development, a pair of current leads with a short-time rated current of 30 kA has been made and tested. Also developed was an analytical program to calculate the time-dependent characteristics of vapor-cooled current leads, and the results of calculations with the experimental results obtained with 30 kA current leads were compared.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Diacylglycerol synthesis de novo from glucose by pancreatic islets isolated from rats and humans. (1990)

Recent evidence has suggested that pancreatic islets isolated from rats synthesize 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG) de novo from glucose and that this process may constitute the long-sought link between the metabolism of glucose and the induction of insulin secretion. The cell-permeant diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (200 microM) has been found here to amplify both the first and second phases of insulin secretion from perifused human islets. Measurements of the mass of endogenous DAG in human pancreatic islets by enzymatic and by mass spectrometric methods indicate that levels of 200 microM may be achieved under physiologic conditions. Conversion of [14C]glucose to [14C]DAG has been demonstrated here to occur within 60 s of exposure of rat and human islets to stimulatory concentrations of glucose. This process has been found to be a quantitatively minor contributor to the total islet DAG mass after acute stimulation with glucose, however, and glucose has been found not to induce a rise in total islet DAG content within 20 min of induction of insulin secretion. In contrast to the case with rodent islets, two pharmacologic inhibitors of DAG-induced activation of protein kinase C (staurosporine and sphingosine) have been found not to influence glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated human islets. These findings indicate that de novo synthesis of DAG from glucose does not participate in acute signal-response coupling in islets.
Atherosclerosis and complement: anaphylatoxin C5a as a new risk marker and therapeutic target (2011)

“Activation of the complement system is a major aspect of many chronic inflammatory diseases.”
Direct electronographic observations of the nebulosity around 3C 120. (1974)

Direct electronographic observations of 3C 120 with a Spectracon image converter mounted at the prime focus of the 120-inch reflector show that the bright, semistellar source is situated at the center of a smooth, elliptical nebulosity whose outer dimensions, at the level of 1.0% of sky, are 44 X 63, and whose mean color index is (B- V) = +0.85 0.15. These observations are consistent with the interpretation of N-type systems as quasi-stellar objects located at the center of elliptical galaxies. Key words: quasi-stellar objects - radio sources - N-type galaxies
Targeting of Sp1 to a non-Sp1 site in the human neurofilament (H) promoter via an intermediary DNA-binding protein (1992)

The human neurofilament (H) promoter contains multiple binding sites for nuclear proteins including a Proximal (Prox) site centered around the sequence GGTTGGACC and an adjacent pyrimidine (Pyr) tract site centered around the sequence CCCTCCTCCCC. Surprisingly binding to a probe containing the Prox/Pyr region of the NF(H) promoter was competed in gel shifts by an oligonucleotide containing only an Sp1 binding site (GGGGCGGGG). Supershift assays with a polyclonal anti-Sp1 antisera confirmed that Sp1 was part of the complex formed with the Prox/Pyr probe. However neither bacterially expressed Sp1 516C or vaccinia virus expressed full-length Sp1 778C bound to the Prox or Pyr sequences in DNase I footprints or gel shift assays. Gel shift competitions and supershift assays with probes containing either Prox or Pyr tract sites alone demonstrated targeting of Sp1 to the Prox binding site and identified a non-Sp1 containing complex which contains a Prox binding protein. Adding exogenous Sp1 to a HeLa nuclear extract enhanced the Sp1-containing complex but had no effect on the Prox complex. These studies show that Sp1 can be targeted to a non-Sp1 site in the human NF(H) promoter through protein/protein interactions with a distinct sequence specific DNA-binding protein.
Performance and Characterization of Supported Rhenium Oxide Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Methanol to Methylal (2002)

The unique performances of supported rhenium oxide catalysts for the selective oxidation of methanol to methylal (dimethoxymethane) [3CH3OH + 1/2O2 → CH2(OCH3)2 + 2H2O] were examined in a fixed-bed flow reactor and in a pulse reactor. Rhenium oxides supported on α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and V2O5 among many oxide supports showed high activities (15−49% conversion) and selectivities (90−94% selectivity) for catalytic methylal synthesis at 513 K. These Re catalysts are the first to show good performances for one-stage methylal synthesis from methanol. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, TPR, TPD, and FTIR spectroscopy to provide insight into the active Re species relevant to the selective oxidation of methanol to methylal. Rhenium oxides on α-Fe2O3 were dispersed as tetrahedral ReO4 species up to one monolayer at 0.7 wt % Re loading. It was suggested that active Re−Fe−O mixed-oxide clusters were formed above 1 wt % Re. ReO2 crystallites were also observed for the Re/α-Fe2O3 samples with Re loadings above 6 wt %. On γ-Fe2O3, which has a higher surface area, no ReO2 species were observed. It is suggested that the redox capability of rhenium oxides, Re6-7+ ⇄ Re4+, is responsible for the catalytic performance, although appropriate Lewis acidity of the rhenium oxides is also necessary for the acetalization of formaldehyde with methanol to methylal. The oxide supports prevent rhenium oxides from being sublimated and reduced to ReO2 particles.
Pressure Predictions in Exhaust Pipe of a Single Cylinder Gasoline Engine (2004)

In this study, a computer analysis has been developed for predicting the pipe pressure of the intake and exhaust manifold. To obtain the boundary conditions for a numerical analysis, one dimensional and non-steady gas dynamic calculation is performed by using the MOC(Method Of Characteristic). The main numerical parameters are the variation of the engine revolution to calculate the pulsating flow which the intake and exhaust valves arc working. The comparison of exhaust pressure in case of numerical results is quite matched with in case of experimental results. When engine revaluation is increased, the pressure amplitude showed a high value, but the pressure frequency was decreased.
Oxidation Reactivity Channels for 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diphenylacetamides (2007)

Synthetic routes to 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylacetamide and 2-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N,N-diphenyl-acetamide are described along with results from the chemical oxidation of these compounds with peracetic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, and OXONE. In each case, oxidations generate four products in varying amounts depending on the oxidant and reaction conditions. Each product has been characterized by spectroscopic methods and the molecular structures of several of the new compounds have been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Evaluation of Napsin A, Cytokeratin 5/6, p63, and Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 in Adenocarcinoma Versus Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung (2012)

The source of the antibody is important in avoiding false-negative results. The most cost-effective tissue-preserving panel for small biopsy specimens in the differential diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma is a combination of p63 and napsin A.
Animist interface : experiments in mapping character animation to computer interface (1997)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts & Sciences, 1997.
Convenient Method of Measuring the Chirp Structure of Femtosecond White-Light Continuum Pulses (1995)

We have developed a convenient method of measuring the temporal chirp structure of white-light continuum pulses used in femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. This method, based on the nonresonant optical Kerr effect, is superior in many respects to the existing one that uses the sum or difference frequency generation by a nonlinear crystal.
Characterization of successful and failed autoresuscitation in human infants, including those dying of SIDS (2003)

Our purpose was to identify and further characterize physiologic mechanisms relevant to autoresuscitation from hypoxic apnea in infants dying suddenly and unexpectedly. We studied cardiorespiratory recordings of 24 infants (age range, 0.8-21 months) who died suddenly while being monitored at home. These recordings were analyzed for features indicated by studies in animal models to be characteristic of hypoxic gasping, and of recovery from bradycardia and apnea associated with gasping (e.g., autoresuscitation). Findings in 5 infants diagnosed as having sudden infant death syndrome were compared with 6 non-SIDS infants whose deaths resulted from other conditions. Additionally, we studied 15 healthy infants during sleep, using home monitor and other respiratory recording techniques, in order to obtain comparison data. We found in recordings from 23 of 24 subjects that hypoxic gasps with characteristic features occurred immediately preceding death. A unique pattern of complex, closely spaced gasps ("double" or "triple" gasps) was present in many subjects. Evidence of partially successful autoresuscitation closely following one or more gasps occurred in 11 subjects, while another 4 had evidence of complete autoresuscitation with return of normal heart rate and resolution of apnea on one or more occasions. Significant differences between SIDS infants and those dying from other causes included increased occurrence of complex gasps and decreased occurrence of partial or complete autoresuscitation in the SIDS infants. The non-SIDS cases were different from the SIDS cases in that only one had "double" gasps (n = 7), while none had "triple" gasps, as compared with 4 out of 5 SIDS cases with these patterns (P < 0.05, chi-square). Also, in contrast with the SIDS cases, more of the cases with specific postmortem diagnoses had evidence of partial (5 out of 6 cases) or complete (1 out of 6 cases) autoresuscitation (P < 0.05, chi-square). We conclude that partial or complete autoresuscitation by gasping is not uncommon in moribund infants during the first year of life. Failure of autoresuscitation mechanisms other than failure to initiate gasping may be characteristic of infants dying of SIDS. Some SIDS infants appear to be different from infants dying with other diagnoses with respect to efficacy and characteristics of hypoxic gasping.
Decreased vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation by vasodilator-induced baroreceptor sensitisation (1983)

Vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation (VF) is affected by changes in systemic arterial blood pressure which are mediated through the sympathetic nervous system. We determined that small doses of a vasodilator drug can abolish the enhanced ventricular vulnerability induced by norepinephrine infusion. Noradrenaline (0.5 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) caused a fall in ventricular fibrillation threshold from 30 to 20 mA (P less than 0.001). Pretreatment with prostaglandin E1, I2 or nitroglycerin at doses which reduced mean arterial blood pressure by 0.7 to 1.3 kPa (5 to 10 mmHg) abolished the enhanced vulnerability produced by noradrenaline. Following baroreceptor denervation, these agents no longer afforded protection against the profibrillatory action of noradrenaline. We conclude that small doses of vasodilator agents can augment ventricular electrical stability. The mechanism for this protective action appears to be a decrease in cardiac sympathetic tone resulting from vasodilatation of baroreceptor areas.
Anatomic Porous Replacement hip arthroplasty: first 100 consecutive cases. (1990)

One hundred consecutive Anatomic Porous Replacement (Intermedics Orthopaedics, Austin, TX) hip replacements were followed for 4 years. Eighty percent of patients had bone ingrowth fixation, 14% stable fibrous, and 6% unstable fibrous (loose) with 4% revised. Only two hips changed fixation grade after 2 years. Bone remodeling showed cancellous hypertrophy of the cortex, usually along the lateral cortex, and 7% had stress shielding (atrophy) of the proximal cortices. Adaptive bone remodeling almost always occurred in type B and C bone. Bone remodeling was statistically related to bone type, prosthetic fill, stem-bone ratio, and collar loading. We concluded that proximal bone ingrowth fixation with proximal load transfer provides good clinical results and excellent bone remodeling. Also, collar loading improves bone response. To expand this fixation in a predictable fashion to all type B and some type C bone requires geometry changes, which have been accomplished in the Anatomic Porous Replacement II.
Assisting system of visually impaired in touch panel operation using stereo camera (2011)

In this paper, we propose an assisting system of touch panel operation for people with visual disability. In the system, a user specifies the target button on the panel by verbal input. The system detects the button and user's fingertip by analyzing images obtained through stereo camera. Navigation is made by indicating the direction of the fingertip on the panel through headphones with sound. To construct an efficient navigation method, comparisons were made experimentally concerning to indication of the finger motion direction, choice of navigation sound, and indication of the distance. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through experiments.
[The immunosuppressive effects of 0.025% cyclosporin eye drops in alpha cyclodextrin on rabbit corneal allografts]. (1992)

We reported the ocular penetration of cyclosporin (CYA) and the immunosuppressive effect of rabbit corneal allograft using 0.025% CYA eye drops in alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD). Local application using 0.025% CYA in alpha-CD showed the concentration of 4,133 ng/gr in the cornea, but no detectable levels in aqueous humor and serum. All eyes (10/10) in the CYA eye drop group remained clear for 100 days after corneal allografting. CYA eye drops halted and suppressed the corneal allograft's immune reaction when the treatment was begun early in the initial phase of rejection. These results indicate that 0.025% CYA eye drops in alpha-CD penetrate the cornea 5 to 10 times more than CYA eye drops in lipophilic vehicles. Furthermore, they are extremely effective in suppressing the immune reaction of corneal grafts.
An anticipative adaptive array for frequency-hopping communications (1988)

To fully utilize the theoretical processing gain achievable when an adaptive array and frequency hopping are combined, frequency compensation is required. Improved versions of an anticipative adaptive array are examined that provide efficient compensation by adapting the complex weights at each antenna element to the appropriate values for a carrier frequency before that frequency is received. The underlying adaptive algorithm used is the maximum algorithm. Computer simulation results are used to compare the different versions of anticipative processing. These results show that an appropriate version ensures the rapid convergence of weights to values that provide wideband nulling of the interference and noise.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An anonymous electronic voting protocol for voting over the Internet (2001)

We propose a secure electronic voting protocol that is suitable for large scale voting over the Internet. The protocol allows a voter to cast his or her ballot anonymously, by exchanging untraceable yet authentic messages. The protocol ensures that: only eligible voters are able to cast votes; a voter is able to cast only one vote; a voter is able to verify that his or her vote is counted in the final tally; nobody, other than the voter is able to link a cast vote with a voter; and if a voter decides not to cast a vote, nobody is able to cast a fraudulent vote in place of the voter.
Immunization against feline oncarnavirus disease using a killed tumor cell vaccine. (1976)

Specific pathogen-free cats were immunized with an inactivated feline oncornavirus tumor cell vaccine. Immunized cats produced high antibody titers to the feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen and were protected from oncogenic feline sarcoma virus challenge. However, immunization did not produce virus-neutralizing antibody nor did it prevent viremia.
Combined Src and Aromatase Inhibition Impairs Human Breast Cancer Growth <i>In vivo</i> and Bypass Pathways Are Activated in AZD0530-Resistant Tumors (2009)

These data support clinical investigation of anastrozole-AZD0530 therapy for postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer. Loss of p27 and increased Ki-67 may predict response and further clinical studies should evaluate for activation of bypass pathways including MEK and PI3K pathways during Src inhibitor therapy.