gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-institutional phase 2 study of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib (R115777) in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphomas (2011)

A phase 2 study of the oral farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib was conducted in 93 adult patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma. Patients received tipifarnib 300 mg twice daily on days 1-21 of each 28-day cycle. The median number of prior therapies was 5 (range, 1-17). For the aggressive B-cell, indolent B-cell, and T-cell and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL/T) groups, the response rates were 17% (7/42), 7% (1/15), and 31% (11/36), respectively. Of the 19 responders, 7 were diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 7 T-cell NHL, 1 follicular grade 2, and 4 HL. The median response duration for the 19 responders was 7.2 months (mean, 15.8 months; range, 1.8-62), and 5 patients in the HL/T group are still receiving treatment at 29-64+ months. The grade 3/4 toxicities observed were fatigue and reversible myelosuppression. Correlative studies suggest that Bim and Bcl-2 should be examined as potential predictors of response in future studies. These results indicate that tipifarnib has activity in lymphoma, particularly in heavily pretreated HL/T types, with little activity in follicular NHL. In view of its excellent toxicity profile and novel mechanism of action, further studies in combination with other agents appear warranted. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00082888.
Update on antidepressant use during breastfeeding. (2013)

The newer antidepressants transfer into breast milk in low amounts and have not been associated with serious adverse events. Therefore, the antidepressant most effective for the woman should be considered.
Azepanium ionic liquids (2011)

The seven-member alicyclic secondary amine, azepane, has been used as starting material to synthesise a new family of room temperature ionic liquids. Such useful transformations of this coproduct of diamine production processes, generated in large amounts in the polyamide industry, would mitigate its disposal, which usually involves combustion. Reaction of azepane with 1-bromoalkanes or 1-bromoalkoxyalkanes produced the corresponding tertiary amines with good selectivity; further quaternisation reactions with the appropriate methylating agents yielded quaternary azepanium salts, [Rmazp]X (R = alkyl or alkoxyalkyl; X− = I−, [CF3CO2]− or [OTf]−; Tf = (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl). Analogous [NTf2]− salts have also been produced by metathetic reactions. Liquid temperature ranges are significantly affected by the nature of the anion and the substituents on the azepanium cation core; for example, [CF3CO2]− or [OTf]− salts based on cations with alkyl substitution are solids, whereas those with alkoxyalkyl substitution are liquids at ambient temperature. The crystal structures of [C4mazp][CF3CO2], [C4mazp]I and [C6mazp][NTf2] (C4 = butyl, C6 = hexyl) are reported. The effects of the structural features of cations and anions on density, viscosity and conductivity data are discussed. The presence of ether linkages in the cationic side chains causes a marked decrease in viscosities and an increase in conductivities. Cyclic voltammetry showed that azepanium ionic liquids exhibit extremely wide electrochemical windows, thus becoming promising and safe alternatives to electrolytes based on volatile organic compounds.
Vineyard: a collaborative filtering service platform in distributed environment (2004)

As the amount of data shared on the Internet drastically increases, it becomes more important to utilize human feedbacks in retrieving information. While collaborative filtering of information is a promising approach to retrieve useful information, unfortunately there is an obstacle in the current collaborative filtering. Since a single system that serves for every type of object with optimal performance is unlikely, or at least likely to be too complicated as to implementation, it is more practical to use multiple systems each of which is dealing with a specific target. In many collaborative filtering systems, a system for book only deals with books, and another system for movie only deals with movies. The data stored in the former system is not accessible from the latter, and vice versa. This situation brings about inflexibility of collaborative filtering. We claim that this issue can be addressed by realizing multiple collaborative filtering systems on top of a single platform. Since all the profiles are shared on a single platform, they are accessible from all the systems. The filtering accuracy of our approach is identical with a certain kind of collaborative filtering system under a certain condition. We describe a design of collaborative filtering service platform in this paper. Our design of platform is fairly generalized, and it can be realized both in a centralized and peer-to-peer fashion.
A Model of Fringing Fields in Short-Channel Planar and Triple-Gate SOI MOSFETs (2007)

The fringing fields induced by the drain and the source through the buried oxide (BOX) and substrate of short-channel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs cause a lowering of the threshold voltage. A physics-based model of the lateral coupling between the drain and the front channel is proposed. This simple 2-D model is based on conformal mapping and provides an accurate analytical description of the electrostatic potential in the BOX and particularly at the back interface (film BOX). The model includes the substrate-depletion effect. The main interest of the fringing field modeling is the optimization of the device dimensions and architecture (BOX thickness versus channel length, substrate doping, etc.) in sub-100-nm CMOS generations. This model can be used to evaluate the scalability of various architectures like fully depleted SOI, ground-plane MOSFET, double-gate MOSFET, and SOI on low-k BOX. It is also useful for the compact modeling of the body factor and the short-channel effects. The model is universal and naturally extends to the 3-D case of FinFET and triple-gate architectures. The coupling between the lateral gates through the BOX in narrow FinFET-like devices is shown to dominate the drain-to-body or the substrate-to-body coupling.
Titanacyclobutenes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTitanacyclobutenesFred N. Tebbe and Richard L. HarlowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 19, 6149–6151Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00539a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00539a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Altered microRNA profiles in plasma exosomes from mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (2016)

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (mTLE-HS) is the most common type of focal epilepsy. The present study aimed to explore the expression and functions of exosomal microRNAs in mTLE-HS. A total of 50 microRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in mTLE-HS compared with healthy controls. Among them, 2 were increased and 48 were decreased. The 6 significant differentially expressed candidate microRNAs (miR-3613-5p, miR-4668-5p, miR-8071, miR-197-5p, miR-4322, and miR-6781-5p ) in exosome were validated. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the potential target genes of these microRNAs were involved in biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. Similarly, these microRNAs also affected axon guidance, pathways in cancer, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesion, the calcium signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Among 6 candidate microRNAs, miR-8071 had the best diagnostic value for mTLE-HS with 83.33% sensitivity and 96.67% specificity, and was associated with seizure severity. This study indicated that exosomal microRNAs, may be regulators for the seizure development in mTLE-HS, and can be used as potential therapeutic targets and biomarker for diagnosis in mTLE-HS.
Gas-chromatographic method of analysis for urinary organic acids. I. Retention indices of 155 metabolically important compounds. (1980)

Gas-chromatographic retention indices are given, in terms of methylene units, for 155 metabolically important compounds (mostly organic acids) as trimethylsilyl derivatives on 10% OV-1 and 10% OV-17 columns. Comprehensive references on metabolic diseases that can be diagnosed by detection of these metabolites are cross-indexed to facilitate the use of the methylene-unit list. With the data presented here, it is now possible to diagnose more than 25 well-defined organic acidurias by use of gas chromatography alone.
A novel approach for pileup detection in gamma-ray spectroscopy using deconvolution (2008)

In this paper, we propose a new approach for online detection of pileup in gamma-ray spectroscopy using finite length deconvolution filters. The approach was tested in resolving pileup with an average success of 93%. We show that the number of pileup events can be reduced by eightfold using the proposed approach. Gamma pulses, from a 3 inch Na(Tl) scintillation detector, were captured as single and double pulses for the purpose of testing the proposed peak detection algorithm. The algorithms developed here were then implemented in real time using a high performance floating-point processor, TMS320C6711.
Comparability of three‐dimensional optic disc imaging with different techniques (2000)

Both instruments while using entirely different principles for three-dimensional optic disc imaging gave very similar results. This correspondence of results implies that the same optic disc parameters can be analysed, and the results interpreted similarly for both methods, and probably with other three-dimensional imaging instruments. It may also indicate that results of studies with one of the instruments have general validity.
Cellular‐interstitial water exchange and its effect on the determination of contrast agent concentration in vivo: Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI of human internal obturator muscle (2008)

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of cellular-interstitial water exchange on estimates of tracer kinetics parameters obtained using rapid dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Data from the internal obturator muscle of six patients were examined using three models of water exchange: no exchange (NX), fast exchange limit (FXL), and intermediate rate (shutter-speed [SS]). In combination with additional multiple flip angle (FA) data, a full two-pool exchange model was also used. The results obtained using the NX model (transfer constant, K(trans) = 0.049 +/- 0.027 min(-1), apparent interstitial volume, v(e) = 0.14 +/- 0.04) were marginally higher than those obtained using the FXL model (K(trans) = 0.045 +/- 0.025 min(-1), v(e) = 0.13 +/- 0.04), but the error bars overlapped in two-thirds of these parameter estimate pairs. Estimates of K(trans) and v(e) obtained using the SS model exceeded those obtained using the NX model in half the patients, and many estimates, including all those of intracellular residence time of water, t(i), were imprecise. Results obtained using the full two-pool model fell between those obtained using FXL and NX models, and estimates of t(i) were also imprecise. The results suggest that data obtained using clinically relevant DCE-MRI are exchange-insensitive and unsuitable for the assessment of cellular-interstitial water exchange.
Nonstable behavior of widely used ionization gauges (1994)

This is the first in a set of related reports on (1) nonstable behavior of widely used ionization gauges, (2) causes of nonstability and nonreproducibility in widely used Bayard-Alpert (BA) gauges, and (3) a stable and reproducible BA gauge design with approximately a tenfold improvement in both stability of gauge calibration and reproducibility gauge-to-gauge compared to older ionization gauge designs. Thirteen widely used BA gauges and inverted magnetron gauges (IMGs) of eight different designs from five manufacturers were operated along with 29 BA gauges of a new design for thousands of hours each and periodically calibrated against a reference standard traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The older design BA gauges exhibited changes in calibration ranging from −57 to 72% relative to their initial calibration during the first 4000 h of operation and varied within this range over total operating periods of up to 14 000 h. The IMGs showed changes ranging from −90 to 148% relative to their initial calibration during the first 4000 h. A set of five glass BA gauges, nominally identical except for two different port diameters, differed by −20 to 32% from the average of their initial calibration values after a minimum of 48 h operation, and by −18 to 55% from their individual initial calibration values during 3500 h of operation. Because the new design gauges did not exhibit such nonstability using the same apparatus and calibration procedures and the same operating procedures except for the frequency of degas, our results demonstrate that these older design gauges significantly change calibration during long term use.
New cast for a new era: preclinical cancer drug development revisited (2013)

Molecularly targeted agents promise to revolutionize therapeutics by reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. However, despite an urgent need for more effective anticancer compounds, current preclinical drug evaluations largely fail to satisfy the demand. New preclinical strategies, including the improvement of sophisticated mouse models and co-clinical study designs, are being used to augment the predictive value of animal-based translational cancer research. Here, we review the development of successful preclinical antineoplastic agents, their associated limitations, and alternative methods to predict clinical outcomes.
“Achromatic limits” of Pancharatnam phase lenses (2018)

Lenses based on the Pancharatnam phase have the advantage of being thin and inexpensive. Unfortunately, their optical effect is strongly wavelength dependent, and their applications generally are limited by the requirement of a monochromatic source. However, low-power lenses based on the Pancharatnam phase can be considered for applications over the visible range. In this paper, we provide intuitive "limits" for the lens power, below which these devices can be considered for use with the eye and visible light imaging applications.
Anniversary (2010)

Jake Adam York reads poems in and near Montgomery and Anniston, Alabama, in January 2010. York's poetry reflects on acts of violence that occurred in these areas during the Civil Rights Movement. It seeks, as well, to discover the ghosts that remain in Alabama and to find ways to answer them.
Growth and evaluation of ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum borate as a potential self-doubling laser crystal (1999)

The doped nonlinear optical crystal, ytterbium: yttrium aluminum borate, Yb3+:YAl3(BO3)4, has been grown with good optical quality in a high-temperature solution from K2Mo3O10 and B2O3 fluxes. Room- and low-temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured, and spectral parameters have been calculated. The ground-state energy-level splitting is 581 cm-1. The emission lifetime, the absorption cross section, and the peak emission cross section are 0.68 ms, 3.4×10-20 cm2, and 0.8×10-20 cm2, respectively. In comparison with established laser crystals, the results for the cross sections, lifetime, and energy splitting suggest that this crystal has potential as an efficient self-frequency-doubled laser operating in the green.
Stochastic phase resetting of two coupled phase oscillators stimulated at different times (2003)

A model of two coupled phase oscillators is presented, where the oscillators are subject to random forces and are stimulated at different times. Transient phase dynamics, synchronization, and desynchronization, which are stimulus locked (i.e., tightly time locked to a repetitively administered stimulus), are investigated. Complex coordinated responses, in terms of a noise-induced switching across trials between qualitatively different responses, may occur when the two oscillators are reset close to an unstable fixed point of their relative phases. This can be achieved with an appropriately chosen delay between the two stimuli. The switching of the responses shows up as a coordinated cross-trial (CT) response clustering of the oscillators, where the two oscillators produce two different pairs of responses. By varying noise amplitude and coupling strength we observe a stochastic resonance and a coupling-mediated resonance of the CT response clustering, respectively. The presented data analysis method makes it possible to detect such processes in numerical and experimental signals. Its time resolution is enormous, since it is only restricted by the time resolution of the preprocessing necessary for extracting the phases from experimental data. In contrast, standard data analysis tools applied across trials relative to stimulus onset, such as CT averaging (where an ensemble of poststimulus responses is simply averaged), CT standard deviation, and CT cross correlation, fail in detecting complex coordinated responses and lead to severe misinterpretations and artifacts. The consequences for the analysis of evoked responses in medicine and neuroscience are significant and are discussed in detail.
Prescription drug abuse: what is being done to address this new drug epidemic? Testimony before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human Resources. (2006)

This comprehensive health policy review of the prescription drug abuse epidemic is based on the written and oral testimony of witnesses at a July 26, 2006 Congressional Hearing, including that of Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, the chief executive officer of the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians and additions from review of the literature. Honorable Mark E. Souder, chairman of the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy, and Human Resources, introduced the issue as follows: "Prescription drug abuse today is second only to marijuana abuse. In the most recent household survey, initiates to drug abuse started with prescription drugs (especially pain medications) more often than with marijuana. The abuse of prescription drugs is facilitated by easy access (via physicians, the Internet, and the medicine cabinet) and a perception of safety (since the drugs are FDA approved). In addition to the personal toll of drug abuse using prescription drugs, indirect costs associated with prescription drug abuse and diversion include product theft, commission of other crimes to support addiction, law enforcement costs, and encouraging the practice of defensive medicine." The Administration witnesses, Bertha Madras, Nora D. Volkow, MD, Sandra Kweder, MD, and Joe Rannazzisi reviewed the problem of drug abuse and discussed what is being done at the present time as well as future strategies to combat drug abuse, including prescription drug monitoring programs, reducing malprescriptions, public education, eliminating Internet drug pharmacies, and the development of future drugs which are not only tamper-resistant but also non-addictive. The second panel, consisting of consumers and advocates, included Misty Fetco, Linda Surks, and Barbara van Rooyan, all of whom lost their children to drugs, presented their stories and strategies to prevent drug abuse, focusing on education at all levels, development of resistant drugs, and non-opioid treatment of chronic pain. Mathea Falco, JD, and Stephen E. Johnson presented issues related to drug abuse and measures to curb drug abuse by various means. Stephen J. Pasierb presented startling statistics on teen drug abuse and various educational programs to deter abuse. Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD presented an overview of prescription drug abuse, strategies to prevent drug abuse, including immediate funding and rapid implementation of NASPER, education at all levels and improving relations with the DEA and the provider community.
Frontal face authentication using morphological elastic graph matching (2000)

A novel dynamic link architecture based on multiscale morphological dilation-erosion is proposed for frontal face authentication. Instead of a set of Gabor filters tuned to different orientations and scales, multiscale morphological operations are employed to yield a feature vector at each node of the reference grid. Linear projection algorithms for feature selection and automatic weighting of the nodes according to their discriminatory power succeed to increase the authentication capability of the method. The performance of the morphological dynamic link architecture is evaluated in terms of the receiver operating characteristic in the M2VTS face image database. The comparison with other frontal face authentication algorithms indicates that the morphological dynamic link architecture with discriminatory power coefficients is the best algorithm with respect to the equal error rate achieved.
Axial Force Transfer of Buckled Drill Pipe in Deviated Wells (2009)

Abstract Axial force transfer is an issue in deviated wells where friction and buckling phenomenon take place. The general perception of the industry is that once drill pipe exceeds conventional buckling criteria, such as Paslay-Dawson, axial force cannot be transferred down-hole anymore. This paper shows that, even though buckling criteria are exceeded, axial force transfer could be still good if drill pipe is in rotation. On the contrary, there exists sliding operations where lockup is observed, due to buckling, even though standard buckling criteria are not exceeded. This paper is intended to show and explain how axial force is transferred down-hole in many simulated field conditions: sliding, rotating, with or without dog legs. These new results have been obtained from an advanced model dedicated to drill string mechanics successfully validated with laboratory tests. This paper will show applicable results for practical well operations where axial force transfer is an issue. These results will enable to give some guidelines to help the drilling engineer to select cases where conventional buckling criteria should be used cautiously. Indeed, simultaneous torque-drag-buckling calculations show that tubular can tolerate significant levels of compression, enabling to provide weight transfer to the drill bit, even though drill pipe is buckled. Others examples, in contrast, show that standard buckling criteria cannot predict the occurrence of buckling that may cause tubular lockup while tripping in the hole. The applications of these results are numerous for all deviated wells such as horizontal or extended reach drilling wells. This paper should contribute to reduce unpredictable lock-up situations and improve axial load transfer performance.