gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combining color and geometry for the active, visual recognition of shadows (1995)

Shadows are a frequent occurrence, but they cannot be infallibly recognized until a scene's geometry and lighting are known. We present a number of cues which together strongly suggest the identification of a shadow and which can be examined with low cost. The techniques are: a color image segmentation method that recovers single material surfaces as single image regions irregardless of the surface partially in shadow; a method to recover the penumbra and umbra of shadows; and, a method for determining whether some object could be obstructing a light source. The last cue requires the examination of well understood shadows in the scene. Our observer is equipped with an extendable probe for casting its own shadows. Actively obtained shadows allow the observer to experimentally determine the location of the light sources in the scene. The system has been tested both indoors and out.
An Intrusion Detection Model Based on Deep Belief Networks (2014)

This paper focuses on an important research problem of Big Data classification in intrusion detection system. Deep Belief Networks is introduced to the field of intrusion detection, and an intrusion detection model based on Deep Belief Networks is proposed to apply in intrusion recognition domain. The deep hierarchical model is a deep neural network classifier of a combination of multilayer unsupervised learning networks, which is called as Restricted Boltzmann Machine, and a supervised learning network, which is called as Back-propagation network. The experimental results on KDD CUP 1999 dataset demonstrate that the performance of Deep Belief Networks model is better than that of SVM and ANN.
Referrals to a forensic service in the psychiatry of learning disability (2002)

This survey describes the socio‐demographic, clinical and forensic variables of all patients referred to a medium secure unit in the psychiatry of learning disability. Of the sample, 67.5% were referred following an index offence and 76.6% had at least one previous conviction. Just over half (50.6%) came from either prisons, special hospitals or medium secure units and the remainder from mental health/learning disability hospitals or community resources. The majority (91.7%) had prior contact with a mental health or learning disability team. Most (81.5%) had a mild or ‘borderline’ learning disability, 46.8% had either a psychosis or major mood disorder, 58.4% had personality disorders and 56.6% had a history of illicit substance abuse. Of the 79 referrals 29.1% were accepted for admission. Arson as an index offence and a previous conviction for arson were significantly associated with being accepted for admission.
Study of the characteristics of random errors in measurements by MEMS inertial sensors (2011)

This paper considers a stochastic analysis of measurement errors in MotionNode inertial measurement units (IMUs). The sensors of this device are based on the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology. The use of the Allan variance algorithm for identifying the error’s nature and the stochastic modeling of this error make it possible to substantially reduce the measurement errors by sensors. Based on the results of this study, we elaborated a number of recommendations for increasing the efficiency of the use of MEMS inertial sensors for problems of the navigation of moving objects.
Implicit LOD for Processing, Visualisation and Classification in Point Cloud Servers (2016)

We propose a new paradigm to effortlessly get a portable geometric Level Of Details (LOD) for a point cloud inside a Point Cloud Server. The point cloud is divided into groups of points (patch), then each patch is reordered (MidOc ordering) so that reading points following this order provides more and more details on the patch. This LOD have then multiple applications: point cloud size reduction for visualisation (point cloud streaming) or speeding of slow algorithm, fast density peak detection and correction as well as safeguard for methods that may be sensible to density variations. The LOD method also embeds information about the sensed object geometric nature, and thus can be used as a crude multi-scale dimensionality descriptor, enabling fast classification and on-the-fly filtering for basic classes.
Analysis of the sugar‐binding specificity of mannose‐binding‐type Jacalin‐related lectins by frontal affinity chromatography – an approach to functional classification (2008)

The Jacalin-related lectin (JRL) family comprises galactose-binding-type (gJRLs) and mannose-binding-type (mJRLs) lectins. Although the documented occurrence of gJRLs is confined to the family Moraceae, mJRLs are widespread in the plant kingdom. A detailed comparison of sugar-binding specificity was made by frontal affinity chromatography to corroborate the structure-function relationships of the extended mJRL subfamily. Eight mJRLs covering a broad taxonomic range were used: Artocarpin from Artocarpus integrifolia (jackfruit, Moraceae), BanLec from Musa acuminata (banana, Musaceae), Calsepa from Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed, Convolvulaceae), CCA from Castanea crenata (Japanese chestnut, Fagaceae), Conarva from Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed, Convolvulaceae), CRLL from Cycas revoluta (King Sago palm tree, Cycadaceae), Heltuba from Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke, Asteraceae) and MornigaM from Morus nigra (black mulberry, Moraceae). The result using 103 pyridylaminated glycans clearly divided the mJRLs into two major groups, each of which was further divided into two subgroups based on the preference for high-mannose-type N-glycans. This criterion also applied to the binding preference for complex-type N-glycans. Notably, the result of cluster analysis of the amino acid sequences clearly corresponded to the above specificity classification. Thus, marked correlation between the sugar-binding specificity of mJRLs and their phylogeny should shed light on the functional significance of JRLs.
Light scatter analysis and sorting of cells activated in mixed leukocyte culture (1982)

Cells activated in unidirectional mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC) have been analyzed on the basis of their light scatter characteristics. C57BL/6 spleen cells were cultured with irradiated (2000 rads) DBA/2 spleen cells for 5 days and the resulting suspension of activated cells was passed on a FACS II flow cytometer. Correlated parameter analysis of forward light scatter (FLS) and perpendicular light scatter (PLS) indicated that the MLC consisted of a heterogenous mixture of viable cells, dead cells, and subcellular debris. However, by appropriate gating of the FLS/PLS distribution, viable cells could be identified as a biphasic FLS histogram. Sorting and morphological analyses of these two FLS peaks demonstrated that they corresponded to almost pure populations of small lymphocytes (lower peak) and lymphoblasts (upper peak), respectively. Furthermore, when sorted cells were tested for their ability to lyse antigenically relevant (DBA/2) tumor target cells in a 51Cr release assay, lymphoblasts were found to exhibit 40-fold greater cytolytic activity (on a per-cell basis) than small lymphocytes.
A XML-Based Approach for Information Search (2007)

Data or data sources organized in terms of XML have exact semantic descriptions and legible structures.In this paper,the authors propose a method for information search based on the XML technique.Considering the users' needs and the topological match,we study the inverse direction route(L-R) which stands for the leaf-root and propose a method to compute the topological match degree(Tmd) when we search a need in a database.
Increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and endothelin concentrations after surgery in patients with esophageal and gastric cancer. (1996)

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) are known as vasoactive substances. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the mode by which these substances are secreted in patients having severe surgical stress. Plasma ET-1 and hANP concentrations were measured in 15 patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent subtotal esophagectomy via right-thoraco-ventrotomy (EC group) and 10 patients with gastric carcinoma who underwent total gastrectomy via ventrotomy (GC group). The volume of intraoperative hemorrhage was significantly larger and operation time was significantly longer in the EC group than in the GC group. Plasma ET-1 concentration in the EC group increased remarkably on the first operative day (1st POD), whereas that in the GC group did not. Plasma levels of hANP in both the EC and GC groups gradually increased until they peaked on the 2nd POD. The increment of plasma hANP secretion for the EC group was significantly higher than that for the GC group on the day of the operation, suggesting that ET-1 stimulated hANP in the EC group. Plasma hANP levels reached their peak values on the 2nd POD and returned to the preoperation level on the 5th POD, while PCWP did not change significantly after the surgery. Since this discrepancy between the postoperation patterns of PCWP and hANP cannot be explained by changes in the circulating blood volume, hANP secretion may be regulated by certain factors in addition to the left ventricular pressure experienced by patients receiving heavy operation stress, such as those in the EC group.
Clinical Use of Human Prothrombin Complexes (1965)

IN previous communications1 , 2 we have reported preliminary observations on the use of a prothrombin complex, factors II-VII-IX-X, prepared as an eluate from barium sulfate by the method of Surgenor et al.3 This report concerns clinical studies with such prothrombin preparations, combined with additional results obtained with a new, improved concentrate of prothrombin complex factors ( II, VII, IX and X) obtained by Chromatographic isolation from fresh human plasma by the method of Melin.4 A deficiency of one or more components of the prothrombin complex may complicate many clinical states: cirrhosis; hepatitis; biliary obstruction; malabsorption; childbirth; and the preoperative and postoperative . . .
Rapid modeling of 3D faces for animation using an efficient adaptation algorithm (2004)

This paper presents a new efficient method for the reconstruction of a personalized 3D facial model for animation from range data. Our method adapts a generic control model with anatomical structure to the geometry of a specific person's face with minimum manual intervention. The face adaptation algorithm starts with the specification of a small set of anthropometric landmarks on the 2D images of both the generic control model and individual face. 3D positions of landmarks are recovered automatically by using a projection-mapping approach. A global adaptation is then carried out to adapt the size, position and orientation of the generic model in the 3D space based on a series of measurements between the recovered 3D landmarks. After the global adaptation, a local adaptation deforms the generic model to fit all of its vertices to the scan data-set. The underlying muscle structure is automatically adapted as well, such that the reconstructed model not only resembles the individual face in shape and color but also reflects the structure of human face including skin and muscles, therefore can be animated immediately with the given muscle parameters.
Multi-level active gate driver for SiC MOSFETs (2017)

Active gate driving has been shown to provide reduced circuit losses and improved switching waveform quality in power electronic circuits. An integrated active gate driver with 150 ps resolution has previously been shown to offer the expected benefits in GaN-based converters. However, the use of low-voltage, high-speed transistors limits its output voltage range to 5 V, too low for many emerging SiC and GaN devices. This paper introduces a series connection of two commercially available conventional drivers and an improved 5 V, 100 ps resolution active driver. The first conventional driver lifts the gate voltage from the negative hold-off voltage to just below the gate threshold voltage, the active driver performs active high-resolution control around the gate threshold, after which the second conventional driver raises the gate voltage to reach optimal R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dson</sub> values. This driver is demonstrated on a 900-V SiC MOSFET that requires a 15 V onstate gate voltage to achieve optimum R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dson</sub> . The device is switched at 50 V/ns in a 100-kHz, non-synchronous, 1:10, 300-W boost converter, with the power device switching 600 V and 5 A. It is shown that the gate voltage can be affected on a 100 ps scale, and that meaningful changes to fast power waveforms can be achieved.
Characteristics and outcome of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia in adults: New insights based on a single‐center experience with 60 patients (2014)

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) is a rare autoimmune disease with poorly known natural history and management remaining mainly empirical. To better describe the characteristics and outcome of wAIHA in adults, we performed a single-center cohort study of patients diagnosed with wAIIHA from 2001 to 2012 in our center. Sixty patients (50% women) were included, the mean age at the time of wAIHA onset was 54 ± 23 years. wAIHA was considered "primary" for 21 patients (35%) and was associated with an underlying disorder in 39 (65%), including mainly lymphoproliferative disorders and systemic lupus. All patients but two needed treatment and received corticosteroids, with an overall initial response rate of 87%. However, 63% of the patients were corticosteroid-dependent and 56% required at least one second-line treatment including mainly rituximab (n = 19). At the time of analysis, after a mean follow-up of 46 months, 28 patients (47%) were in remission and off treatment and 5 (8%) had died. The presence of an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder was associated with reduced response to corticosteroids and increased need for second-line therapy. In conclusion, in the last decade and compared to a previous series from our center, the rate of secondary wAIHA has increased and the use of rituximab has emerged as the preferred second-line treatment and corticosteroid-sparing strategy; the overall mortality has significantly decreased (8 vs. 18%).
Map-based quantitative trait locus identification (1997)

Poultry gene mappers chose microsatellites as the main source of genetic markers for poultry genome mapping, similar to the marker type used for other farm animals, laboratory animals, and humans. Optimal strategies for applying DNA markers in poultry populations are discussed, including the number of markers to be used, genome representation, population structure, choice of markers, population size, statistical stringency for association between markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL), and biological verification of a linkage. It is shown that an efficient strategy should be based on a combination of a low stringent statistical test for the existence of linkage between a marker and QTL and an appropriate genetic test for the discrimination between true and false linkage. The source of the genetic variation to be used is discussed and, as an illustration, three types of resource populations are presented. The informativeness of different matings using various genotypes of the parents are considered and it appears that selection of markers based on the heterozygosity of the sire is the most efficient marker screening approach.
Crosslink Density from Sol-Gel Contents (1977)

Abstract Experimental results showed that the crosslink density of polymeric stocks may be calculated from values of the gel content based on the reactive portion of the stocks, that is, exclusive of plasticizers and fillers. Where entanglements may be neglected, the crosslink density is directly proportional to functions of the gel and sol contents. Four such functions were found. Three of these were theoretically derived relations in the literature and these were modified to provide equations connecting crosslink density and the weight fraction of gel Wg and connecting extent of reaction and Wg for condensation polymers. Although followed up to moderate degrees of cure, the Flory relation was shown not to be in proper form. A fourth but simpler relation, based on an empirical correlation, was found between crosslink density and gel content, namely, that the crosslink density was directly proportional to the square of the gel fraction divided by the first power of the sol fraction. The constant of proportionality was 0.0065 meq/g for three-functional networks. When placed in terms of extent of reaction, this equation was found to yield nearly the same gel content relative to extent of reaction as that of Charlesby and there was a smaller coefficient of variation of experimentally determined proportionality constants.
Visual system for student attendance monitoring with non-standard situation detection (2014)

In this paper we propose a visual system for monitoring of student attendance in seminars and lectures. Basic idea is to estimate the number of people in the room using face detection algorithms and subsequently utilize face recognition algorithms to determine the actual identification of persons (students). Presented approach may be used for multiple purposes. Principal and primary purpose is to monitor attendance, which is possible thanks to university database. When implemented, system is expected to evaluate the attendance automatically or if necessary using collaborative authentication. Non-standard or anomaly detection is another feature that is to be provided by system, subject to tracking are hands, eyes and movement. Proposed solution is expected to improve and facilitate attendance monitoring of students at seminars and lectures. Further it may be used for anomaly prevention (e.g. cheating) and in specific cases for security or legal matters.
Relationship between Activation Energy and Bottleneck Size for Li<sup>+</sup> Ion Conduction in NASICON Materials of Composition LiMM‘(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>; M, M‘ = Ge, Ti, Sn, Hf (1998)

The activation energy involved in the motion of Li+ ions along the conduction channels of the NASICON framework has been determined from electrical conductivity measurements in samples of composition LiM2(PO4)3 and LiMM‘(PO4)3, where M and M‘ are Ge, Ti, Sn, and Hf, all compounds belonging to space group R3̄c. Two lithium sites, M1 and M2, inside the channels, can be distinguished. The sites are connected through triangular bottlenecks of oxygen atoms, and the size of the bottleneck has been estimated from refined and simulated structures for each composition. The plot of activation energy vs bottleneck size shows two regimes: for sizes up to 2.04 Å the activation energy decreases steeply, but above 2.04 Å the activation energy is almost constant. These regimes are discussed on the basis of the effective Li+ ionic radius for the compounds analyzed.
High level of endothelial cell-specific gene expression by a combination of the 5' flanking region and the 5' half of the first intron of the VE-cadherin gene (2005)

To develop a tool to obtain a high level of gene expression specifically in endothelial cells (ECs), we assessed enhancer activity of fragments in the first intron of the VE-cadherin gene using 3 different experimental systems: luciferase assay in the F2 EC line, green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in ECs generated in embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation culture, and GFP expression in transgenic mice. Although the 2.5-kbp (kilobase pair) 5' flanking sequence of the VE-cadherin gene is EC specific, adding 4 kbp of the 5' half of the first intron affected an enhancement of the gene expression level in all 3 assay systems. No other fragments tested in this study could confer such effects. Compared with other gene expression units, the unit described in this study would be the most optimum one available to date for EC-specific gene expression. Because this unit can express genes in VE-cadherin(+) progenitors of hematopoietic cells but not in fully committed hematopoietic cells, it will be useful to manipulate specifically the uncommitted progenitor stage during hematopoietic cell differentiation.
Erythropoetin treatment can increase 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels in red blood cells (2001)

Some patients experience an improved well-being during treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin even with an unchanged Hb level. We have hypothesized that this may not be only a placebo effect. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in red blood cells increases in response to anaemia/hypoxia and causes a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve, allowing a more effective oxygen delivery. We have investigated red cell 2,3-DPG concentrations during erythropoietin treatment in healthy volunteers as a mediator of a possible physiological explanation. Thirteen healthy subjects with no iron deficiency were recruited and randomly assigned to a treatment group comprising five males and three females and a control group including three males and two females. The treatment group was treated with erythropoietin (Recormon®), 20 IE/kg subcutaneously three times/week for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected at each injection day and 10 days after the last injection and at corresponding times in the control group. B-Hb, red cell 2,3-DPG and P50 were measured by standard techniques and oxygen-releasing capacity was calculated. Results
Double Blind Study of Lecithin in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (1981)

Twenty-one patients with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease completed a double blind trial on lecithin 25 g daily. Equal improvement was noted in both the lecithin and placebo groups. Serum levels of lecithin measured 12-14 hours after its administration were also not increased compared with the levels in control patients. These findings of the ineffectiveness of lecithin inpatients with Alzheimer's disease are discussed in relation to the literature on this subject.
Detection of representative frames of a shot using multivariate Wald-Wolfowitz test (2008)

For efficient indexing, browsing and retrieval of video data and also for video summarization, extraction of representative frames is essential. Once a video stream is segmented into shots, the representative frames or key-frames for the shot are selected. Automatic selection of suitable representatives for a wide variety of shots is still a challenge as the number of such frames in a shot may also vary depending on the variation in the content. In this work, we propose a novel scheme that relies on Wald-Wolfowitz runs test based hypothesis testing to detect the subshots within a shot and then for each subshot, the frame rendering the highest fidelity is extracted as the key-frame. Experimental result shows that the scheme works satisfactorily for a wide variety of shots.
Extracting Chinese multi-word terms from small corpus (2008)

In this paper, we present an automatic terminology extraction approach for Chinese multi-word terms. In this term extraction system, besides five linguistic rules acquired from an available term list by some machine learning methods, two statistical strategies are involved: a termhood measure based on the term distribution variation, and a unithood measure adopting the left and right entropy method to estimate the collocation variation degree. The candidates are ranked according to the values of the former. The latter is used to filter the preposition phrases and some verb-object phrases that rarely appear as terms. By validating on a small scale corpus in the computer domain, the precision reaches 91.5% of the top 2000 outputs.