gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angioplasty of Lower Limb Arterial Stenoses under Ultrasound Guidance: Single-Center Experience (1999)

Purpose: To examine the feasibility and utility of ultrasound-guided angioplasty for treating lower limb stenoses. Methods: Duplex ultrasonography was employed to guide 55 balloon dilation procedures (27 iliac, 26 superficial femoral, 1 profunda, and 1 vein graft) with the help of a special ultrasound catheter (EchoMark). Ultrasound was used to determine balloon size, monitor guidewire passage, direct the dilation, and judge procedural success. Angiography was performed prior to the procedure to confirm preprocedural ultrasound findings and afterward to compare with duplex visual and hemodynamic parameters of success (peak systolic velocity ratio < 2.0). Results: The balloon size determined from duplex measurements correlated in all cases with sizes selected based on the angiographic image. Guidewire visualization was possible in 95% of the cases. Angioplasty using ultrasound alone was feasible in 84%; inability to obtain a satisfactory image owing to vessel tortuosity, calcification, and bowel gas accounted for the failures. Against the duplex success criterion, initial completion angiograms had an accuracy of 76%, sensitivity of 76%, and specificity of 100%. The additional time for ultrasound guidance averaged 42 ± 12 minutes for all cases. Conclusions: Our results show that ultrasound guidance is feasible in routine clinical practice. In this series of well-selected cases of arterial stenoses, angioplasty was performed safely using ultrasound guidance alone in over 80% of the cases. Fluoroscopic monitoring is needed when ultrasound visualization is suboptimal.
The Dynamics of Network Minority Game (2016)

Abstract. The evolutionary dynamics of minority games based on three generic networks havebeen investigated:Kauffman’sNKnetworks (Kauff-man nets), growing directed networks (GDNets), and growing directed networkswith a small fraction of link reversals (GDRNets).We show that the dynamics and the associated phase structure of the game depend cru-cially on the structure of the underlying network. The dynamics on GDNets is very stable for all values of the connection number K, in con-trast to the dynamics on Kauffman’s NK networks, which becomes chaotic when K&gt; Kc = 2. The dynamics of GDRNets, on the other hand, is near critical. Under a simple evolutionary scheme, the network system with a “near ” critical dynamics evolves to a high level of global coordina-tion among its agents; this suggests that criticality leads to the best per-formance. For Kauffman nets with K&gt; 3, the evolutionary scheme has no effect on the dynamics (it remains chaotic) and the performance of theMG resembles that of a random choice game (RCG). 1
<b>Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity in normocholesterolaemic and hypercholesterolaemic roosters: modulation by lipid apheresis</b> (1997)

Lipid apheresis, a recently described procedure for the elimination of lipid but not apolipoproteins from plasma, was applied to normocholesterolaemic and hypercholesterolaemic roosters. Lipid apheresis resulted in an immediate reduction in plasma unesterified cholesterol concentration, which was sustained for 150 min. The reduction in unesterified cholesterol concentration was higher in the normocholesterolaemic animals than in the hypercholesterolaemic animals. Lipid apheresis induced changes in the ratio of plasma unesterified to total cholesterol in normocholesterolaemic animals but not in hypercholesterolaemic animals. In hypercholesterolaemic animals, lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity was not affected by lipid apheresis, whereas in normocholesterolaemic animals LCAT activity was acutely reduced for 150 min after lipid apheresis. Saturated LCAT kinetics occurred in the hypercholesterolaemic animals but not in the normocholesterolaemic animals. LCAT obeyed Michaelis–Menten kinetics. After lipid apheresis, there was a pool of unesterified cholesterol that was available as substrate for LCAT to a greater extent in hypercholesterolaemic animals than in normocholesterolaemic animals. These observations may have important implications for lipid apheresis as a treatment for atherosclerosis.
Lipid Concentration and Composition of Soybean Zygotic Embryos Maturing In Vitro and In Planta (1991)

Reliable methods of culturing isolated immature soybean embryos under stringent environmental controls are available, but have not been used to study factors affecting soybean seed lipid biosynthesis. This study compared the changes in lipid composition during seed maturation in planta and in two in vitro culture systems and evaluated both culture systems for studying the developmental regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Immature soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. McCall] embryos from three developmental stages (seed length = 2–3, 5–6, or 8–9 ram) were cultured for 5, 15, or 45 d in LSG (modified Linsmaer‐Skoog salts, 50 g kg −1 sucrose) or SHGM (Schenk‐Hildebrandt salts, 10 g kg −1 sucrose) liquid culture media. Lipid concentrations of the cultured embryos ranged from 10 to 179 g kg −1 dry wt. and were consistently lower than that of mature seed (185 g kg −1 dry wt.). Regardless of stage at excision, the mole percent (mol %) of palmitic and linolenic acids declined and the mol % linoleic acid increased when embryos were cultured in LSG. This pattern is consistent with that observed during maturation in planta. In contrast, the mol % of palmitic and stearic acids increased when embryos were cultured in SHGM and the resulting fatty acid profiles bore little resemblance to those of mature seed. Immature embryo culture in LSG medium provides a viable system for examining lipid biosynthetic processes and, with discriminant function analysis of storage lipid composition, can provide a useful estimate of embryo maturation.
1.8‐Å Crystal Structure of the Catalytic Domain of Human Neutrophil Collagenase (Matrix Metalloproteinase‐8) Complexed with a Peptidomimetic Hydroxamate Primed‐Side Inhibitor with a Distinct Selectivity Profile (1997)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are zinc endopeptidases involved in tissue remodelling. They have been implicated in a series of pathologies, including cancer, arthritis, joint destruction and Alzheimer's disease. Human neutrophil collagenase represents one of the three interstitial collagenases that cleave triple-helical collagen of type I, II and III. Its catalytic domain (residues Phe79-Gly242) has been heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized as a non-covalent complex with the hydroxamate inhibitor BB-1909, which has distinct selectivity against different MMP, in a crystal form. The crystal structure, refined to 0.18-nm resolution, shows that BB-1909 is a right-hand-side inhibitor that binds to the S1'-S3' subsites and coordinates to the catalytic Zn2+ in a bidentate manner via the hydroxyl and carbonyl oxygen atoms of the hydroxamate group in a similar manner to batimastat. The collagenase/BB-1909 complex is described in detail and compared with the collagenase/batimastat complex. These studies provide information on MMP specificity and thus may assist the development of more-selective MMP inhibitors.
Energy-efficient control of an air handling unit for a single-zone VAV system (2013)

A large fraction of energy consumed by the HVAC (heating ventilation and air-conditioning) system in a commercial building is consumed at the AHUs (air handling units) that condition a mixture of outside and return air to specific temperature and humidity levels. Traditionally, the return air ratio and temperature of the air leaving the cooling coils in the AHU (conditioned air temperature) are maintained at pre-determined set points instead of being based on real-time measurements of occupancy, zone humidity, and outside weather. In this paper, we investigate the potential of energy savings as a function of the complexity of control algorithm. The inputs that can be commanded by the controllers are: air flow rate, return air ratio, conditioned air temperature, and the temperature of air leaving the heating coils in the AHU. Simulation results show that the controllers that use the measurements of occupancy, zone humidity, and outside weather result in significant savings over conventional controllers that do not use such measurements, without sacrificing thermal comfort or indoor air quality (IAQ). Surprisingly, a simple feedback control scheme is found to perform almost as well as a much more complex MPC (model predictive control) controller.
A study of performance impact of memory controller features in multi-processor server environment (2004)

With the growing imbalance between processor and memory performance it becomes more and more important to optimize the memory controller features to obtain the maximum possible performance out of the memory subsystem. This paper presents a study of the performance impact of several memory controller features in multi-processor (MP) server environments that use a DDR/DDR2 based memory subsystem. The results from our studies show that significant performance improvements can be obtained by carefully optimizing the memory controller features. For instance, one of our studies shows that in a system with an in-order shared bus connecting the CPUs and memory controller, an intelligent read-to-write switching memory controller feature can provide the same order of benefit as doubling the number of interleaved memory ranks. Another study shows that much lower average loaded read latency across a wider range of throughput can be obtained by a delayed write scheduling feature.
Magnetic Subsurface Imaging Systems in a Smartphone Based on the Built-In Magnetometer (2017)

We present a magnetic subsurface imaging system on a smart-phone that employs the built-in magnetometer. The smart-phone's sensor measures magnetic field strength at sparse locations on a user-defined grid of the surveyed area. Based on the collected data, magnetic field distribution of the entire area is then reconstructed by using an interpolation algorithm, which yields field values in all of three-axial directions. Since the field shows the influence of the buried objects within the surveyed area to the background magnetic fields, the shape and size of the objects can be derived from the image representing the field. An implementation of the system as an application software on Android smart-phone, which consists of data measurement and reconstruction subsystems, is also described. We demonstrate the capability of the proposed system by performing subsurface imaging of small hidden objects in a laboratory test-range.
Solubilization and purification of rat pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. (1986)

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors were solubilized from rat pituitary membrane preparations in an active form by using the zwitterionic detergent CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid). The solubilized receptor exhibits high affinity, saturability, and specificity. The soluble supernatant retained 100% of the original binding activity when stored at 4 or -20 degrees C in the presence of 10% glycerol. The receptors were resolved into two components on the basis of chromatography on wheat germ agglutinin-agarose. Homogeneous receptor preparation was obtained by two cycles of affinity chromatography on immobilized avidin column coupled to [biotinyl-D-Lys6]GnRH. The overall recovery of the purified receptor was 4-10% of the initial activity in the CHAPS extract, and the calculated purification -fold was approximately 10,000 to 15,000. Analysis of iodinated purified GnRH receptors by autoradiography indicated the presence of two bands, Mr = 59,000 and 57,000. This was confirmed by photoaffinity labeling of the partially purified receptors and suggests that both components can specifically bind the hormone.
Critical Assessment 3: The unique contributions of multi-objective evolutionary and genetic algorithms in materials research (2014)

The current state of the art of materials research using multi-objective genetic and evolutionary algorithms is briefly presented with critical analyses. The basic concepts of multi-objective optimisation and Pareto optimality are explained in simple terms and the advantages of an evolutionary approach are emphasised. Current materials related research in this area is summarised, focusing on the achievements to date and the specific needs for further improvement.
Applying Neural-Network-Based Machine Learning to Additive Manufacturing: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives (2019)

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as three-dimensional printing, is gaining increasing attention from academia and industry due to the unique advantages it has in comparison with traditional subtractive manufacturing. However, AM processing parameters are difficult to tune, since they can exert a huge impact on the printed microstructure and on the performance of the subsequent products. It is a difficult task to build a process–structure–property–performance (PSPP) relationship for AM using traditional numerical and analytical models. Today, the machine learning (ML) method has been demonstrated to be a valid way to perform complex pattern recognition and regression analysis without an explicit need to construct and solve the underlying physical models. Among ML algorithms, the neural network (NN) is the most widely used model due to the large dataset that is currently available, strong computational power, and sophisticated algorithm architecture. This paper overviews the progress of applying the NN algorithm to several aspects of the AM whole chain, including model design, in situ monitoring, and quality evaluation. Current challenges in applying NNs to AM and potential solutions for these problems are then outlined. Finally, future trends are proposed in order to provide an overall discussion of this interdisciplinary area.
Prácticas corporales: Reflexiones en la institución educativa Juan Pablo II y la escuela Normal Superior en la ciudad de Villavicencio (2012)

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Documenting and understanding everyday activities through the selective archiving of live experiences (2006)

The goal of this research is to build upon the work of capturing data in structured and planned settings to develop socially appropriate ways to archive important life experiences during unexpected, unstructured, and sometimes informal situations. This work involves three significant phases: formative studies to understand the data capture needs of particular populations of users in these situations; design and development of a technical architecture for capture and access in these settings coupled with design and development of applications for two specific domain problems; and evaluation of this solution as it pertains to these domain problems.
Overcoming the hypoxic barrier to radiation therapy with anaerobic bacteria (2003)

The low level of oxygenation within tumors is a major cause of radiation treatment failures. We theorized that anaerobic bacteria that can selectively destroy the hypoxic regions of tumors would enhance the effects of radiation. To test this hypothesis, we used spores of Clostridium novyi-NT to treat transplanted tumors in mice. The bacteria were found to markedly improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in several of the mouse models tested. Enhancement was noted with external beam radiation derived from a Cs-137 source, systemic radioimmunotherapy with an I-131-conjugated monoclonal antibody, and a previously undescribed form of experimental brachytherapy using plaques loaded with I-125 seeds. C. novyi-NT spores added little toxicity to the radiotherapeutic regimens, and the combination resulted in long-term remissions in a significant fraction of animals.
Antisense Technology: An Emerging Platform for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutics (2013)

Antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs, which suppress the translation of specific mRNA target proteins, are emerging as important therapeutic modalities for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Over the last 25 years, the advances in all aspects of antisense technology, as well as a detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of antisense drugs, have enabled their use as therapeutic agents. These advancements culminated in the FDA approval of the first chronically administered cardiovascular antisense therapeutic, mipomersen, which targets hepatic apolipoprotein B mRNA. This review provides a brief history of antisense technology, highlights the progression of mipomersen from preclinical studies to multiple Phase III registration trials, and gives an update on the status of other cardiovascular antisense therapeutics currently in the clinic.
无穷乐 AUDI R8 (2007)

记得小时候,看到电视上出现一辆又一辆又扁又快的超级跑车时,心中的艳羡之情油然而生,有着一种大丈夫当如是的志向,而现今的车坛中,依旧保有80年代那种刚硬、又低又扁车身的超级跑车,应该就只剩下那部来自意大利的 Super Car:LAMBORGHINI,它的继任者——大众告诉我,LAMBORGHINI 不会做多,它只是少数人的梦想。但 LAMBO 精神却被擅长大众车型的奥迪延续,并传播开来,奥迪的希望是让大家都可以体验这种 Countach 劲爆造型,更扁、更强悍却更舒服的Super Car。赛车风格入世,勒芒带来绝无是仅有的公路快感。几乎很少,如果说它不豪华,只因为它更专注方向盘后边的人物。
Characterization of aquatic bacteria and cloning of genes specifying partial degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1985)

Water samples from rivers, streams, ponds, and activated sewage were tested for the presence of bacteria which utilize 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a sole source of carbon. Seventy percent of the attempted enrichments yielded pure cultures of 2,4-D-metabolizing bacteria. All but 1 of the 30 isolates were gram-negative rods, all but 2 were motile, and all were nonfermentative and oxidase and catalase positive. Nine isolates had DNA guanine-plus-cytosine values of 61.1 to 65 mol%. One isolate had a 67 mol% guanine-plus-cytosine value. The results suggest that these 2,4-D-metabolizing bacteria belong to the genus Alcaligenes. Fourteen of 23 isolates contained one or more detectable plasmids of about 20, 60, or 100 megadaltons. HindIII restriction fragment patterns showed these plasmids to be different from each other with one exception. Very similar restriction fragment patterns were revealed with a plasmid isolated from an Alcaligenes eutrophus strain obtained from Australia (pJMP397) and in an Alcaligenes sp. isolated in Oregon (pEML159). These two plasmids were about 56 megadaltons, had the same guanine-plus-cytosine value, were transmissable, and coded for 2,4-D metabolism and resistance to HgCl2. Hybridization of these two plasmids was demonstrated by using nick-translated 32P-labeled pJMP397. The vector pBR325 was used to clone HindIII fragments from pEML159. One cloned fragment of 14.8 megaldaltons expressed in Escherichia coli the ability to release 14CO2 from 2,4-D labeled in the acetate portion.
Real-time vehicle detection for highway driving (2009)

We present a new multi-stage algorithm for car and truck detection from a moving vehicle. The algorithm performs a search for pertinent features in three dimensions, guided by a ground plane and lane boundary estimation sub-system, and assembles these features into vehicle hypotheses. A number of classifiers are applied to the hypotheses in order to remove false detections. Quantitative analysis on real-world test data show a detection rate of 99.4% and a false positive rate of 1.77%; a result that compares favourably with other systems in the literature.
A comparative study of advanced multipath mitigating global positioning system receiver architectures (1999)

Rockwell Collins
Is levodopa toxic? (2011)

For many years, there has been speculation that levodopa might contribute to the neurodegenerative process in Parkinson disease (PD). Suspicions as to a dark side of levodopa therapy are especially puzzling because this well-tolerated drug has been so widely used for the 4 decades since its introduction.1 The impression of levodopa toxicity may have been fostered by worsening parkinsonian features and declining symptomatic control that typically evolve during chronic levodopa therapy. There has also been speculation that dyskinesias and wearing-off responses, which commonly affect patients with PD receiving long-term levodopa treatment,2 might originate from neuronal damage due to drug exposure. The controversies surrounding levodopa have made some clinicians reluctant to use this drug to its full extent (or at all) until major disability develops. Furthermore, dopaminergic agonists and other drugs with greater expense and adverse effects sometimes are chosen as alternatives so that levodopa can be avoided.

The question of neuronal toxicity caused by levodopa has been a long-standing concern3,4 and is explored further in the current issue of Neurology ® by Parkkinen et al.5 Their report deals with 96 PD brain specimens whose detailed neuropathologic analysis was coupled with information regarding prior levodopa use. The premise underlying this study was that if levodopa imparts toxicity, then greater drug exposure should result in more neuronal loss and increased presence of the pathologic hallmark of …
BLOCK STRUCTURE IN ALGINIC ACID FROM LESSONIA VADOSA (LAMINARIALES, PHAEOPHYTA) (2007)

Alkaline extraction of Lessonia vadosa blades collected in Fuerte Bulnes (southern Chile) afforded sodium alginate in 14.5% yield. Partial acid hydrolysis of the sodium alginate gave three fractions which were characterised by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Fraction 1 (17.8 % yield) showed to be mainly composed of alternate heteropolymeric block (MG) and in minor proportions of polymannuronic sequences. Analysis of 13C NMR and 2D HSQC spectra indicated that Fraction 2 (64.5% yield) is a polymannuronic enriched fraction. The minor amount of guluronic acid residues in this fraction showed by 2D 1H/1H NOESY NMR spectrum to be present in a 1→4 homopolyguluronic sequence; moreover, the interresidue correlation data indicated that MG blocks were not present. Results are in agreement with data obtained by FT-IR spectroscopy in the solid state. Full assignments of 1H and 13C signals in the NMR spectra indicated that Fraction 3 (17.7%) presented a regular homopolyguluronic block structure
Potassium Ion Sensing With Nanowire Electrodes on a Flexible Substrate for Early Detection of Myocardial Ischemia (2009)

An increase in extracellular potassium levels is a physiological sign of myocardial ischemia and timely sensing with an implantable potassium sensing biosensor could play a significant role in detecting and expediting care. In this paper, unique fabrication techniques for both planar and nanowire structured gold microelectrodes are described along with data showing the enhanced charge transfer capabilities of the nanowire design. Optimization is required for the electrodeposition of polypyrrole onto gold nanowires and processing details along with characterization data are provided for both the polypyrrole layer and ion selective membrane. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show that the polypyrrole coated gold nanowire electrodes provide stable charge transfer, showing the potential as a potassium sensing device for the early detection of myocardial ischemia applications.
Total Quality in Higher Education (1994)

This book provides a framework for implementing total quality principles in the college or university environment. It includes the history and principles of quality management and an assessment of factors in the college and university environment that are leading to serious questions concerning higher education effectiveness and efficiency.