gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Expression System Tightly Controlled by Zinc Availability in <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (2004)

Here we developed the new expression system P(Zn) zitR, based on the regulatory signals (P(Zn) promoter and zitR repressor) of the Lactococcus lactis zit operon, involved in Zn(2+) high-affinity uptake and regulation. A P(Zn) zitR-controlled expression vector was constructed, and expression regulation was studied with two reporter genes, uspnuc and lacLM; these genes encode, respectively, a protein derived from Staphylococcus aureus secreted nuclease and Leuconostoc mesenteroides cytoplasmic beta-galactosidase. Nuclease and beta-galactosidase activities of L. lactis MG1363 cells expressing either uspnuc or lacLM under the control of P(Zn) zitR were evaluated on plates and quantified from liquid cultures as a function of divalent metal ion, particularly Zn(2+), availability in the environment. Our results demonstrate that P(Zn) zitR is highly inducible upon divalent cation starvation, obtained either through EDTA addition or during growth in chemically defined medium, and is strongly repressed in the presence of excess Zn(2+). The efficiency of the P(Zn) zitR expression system was compared to that of the well-known nisin-controlled expression (NICE) system with the same reporter genes cloned under either P(Zn) zitR or P(nisA) nisRK control. lacLM induction levels reached with both systems were on the same order of magnitude, even though the NICE system is fivefold more efficient than the P(Zn) zitR system. An even smaller difference or no difference was observed after 3 h of induction when nuclease was used as a reporter for Western blotting detection. P(Zn) zitR proved to be a powerful expression system for L. lactis, as it is tightly controlled by the zinc concentration in the medium.
Cell density governs the ability of human bronchial epithelial cells to recognize serum and transforming growth factor beta-1 as squamous differentiation-inducing agents. (1990)

Sparse (75 to 2000 cells/cm2) density cultures of normal human bronchial epithelial cells uniformly undergo terminal squamous differentiation when incubated in medium containing serum (fetal bovine serum [FBS]) or transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1). It was found that the cell density of the culture affects the probability that a cell will respond to these differentiation-inducing agents. Thus whereas irreversible inhibition of DNA synthesis occurs in sparse cell-density cultures within 24 hours after exposure, only a transient (less than 36 hours) depression in DNA synthesis was seen in high (more than 10,000 cells/cm2) density cultures. In addition, although phase microscopic image analysis revealed that virtually all of the cells displayed a squamous morphology within 1 hour after exposure to FBS or TGF-beta 1, observations made 48 to 72 hours later showed the presence of clusters of small prolate spheroid-shaped cells surrounded by many involucrin-positive squamous-appearing cells. Only the small cells were capable of DNA synthesis and cell division as determined by autoradiography and time-lapse photomicrographic images. These replicating cells immediately undergo squamous differentiation if they are subcultured and reinoculated at low cell density and incubated in medium supplemented with FBS or TGF-beta 1. Therefore the probability that a human bronchial epithelial cell will be refractive to FBS- or TGF-beta 1 induced terminal squamous differentiation is solely a function of the cell density of the culture.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Bicyclo(7.4.1)enediyne. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Texture representation in AAM using Gabor wavelet and local binary patterns (2009)

Active appearance model (AAM) has been widely used for modeling the shape and the texture of deformable objects and matching new ones effectively. The traditional AAM consists of two parts, shape model and texture model. In the texture model, for the sake of simplicity, the image intensity is usually employed to represent the texture information. However, the intensity is easy to be interfered by the external environment change, e.g. illumination variations, which results in an unsatisfied model fitting. To this purpose, we present a new texture representation in AAM, which combines Gabor wavelet and local binary patterns (LBP) operator. On the one hand, Gabor wavelet can encode multi-scale and multi-direction information of an image. On the other hand, LBP is able to efficiently encode local information and compress the redundancy in the Gabor filtered images. Since the new texture representation can express an object more sophisticatedly, it will improve the accuracy of the model fitting. The experimental results on various datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed texture representation, which results in a more accurate and reliable matching between the model and new images.
Pyrazole derivatives of diborane(4) (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrazole derivatives of diborane(4)C. P. Brock, M. K. Das, R. P. Minton, and Kurt. NiedenzuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3, 817–822Publication Date (Print):February 3, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 3 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00211a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00211a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Sulfoxide-Containing Aromatic Nitrogen Mustards as Hypoxia-Directed Bioreductive Cytotoxins (2000)

A series of diaryl and alkylaryl sulfoxide-containing nitrogen mustards were synthesized and evaluated for their hypoxia-selective cytotoxicity against V-79 cells in vitro as well as for their metabolism profiles with the rat S-9 fractions. In general, the diaryl sulfoxides (4, 5, and 7-9) showed much greater hypoxia selectivity (11-27-fold) than the alkylaryl sulfoxides (approximately 3-fold) (1 and 3). The fused diphenyl sulfoxides (10 and 11), on the other hand, showed very low hypoxia selectivity (1.3-3-fold). Compound 10 was highly cytotoxic under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, while 11 showed low cytotoxicity under both conditions. The bioreduction of 8 by the rat S-9 fraction under anaerobic conditions was inhibited by menadione and enhanced by benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, or 2-hydroxypyrimidine suggesting the involvement of aldehyde oxidase in the reduction of the sulfoxides. Bioreductive metabolism studies of selected model sulfoxides suggested that diaryl sulfoxides are better substrates for aldehyde oxidase than alkylaryl sulfoxides.
Characterization of lactogen receptors in lactogenic hormone‐dependent and independent NB2 lymphoma cell lines (1987)

A comparative study of lactogen receptors in lactogenic hormone-dependent (Nb2-11C) and independent (Nb2-SP) rat lymphoma cell lines revealed no significant differences in their binding and structural characteristics. The affinity for human growth hormone (hGH) and ovine prolactin is identical (Kd = 1.3 X 10(-10) M). Exposure to hGH results in a rapid receptor down-regulation. This process is faster in Nb2-SP cells, however, similar receptor levels are reached within 3 h. Affinity labeling revealed 2 major binding species (Mr 75,000 and 29,000) in both cell lines. These observations suggest that the spontaneous proliferation of Nb2-SP cells probably results from an aberration in some post-receptoral event of the mitogenic pathway.
Role of automation in neonatal respiratory support (2012)

Premature infants frequently present with respiratory instability, which is associated with fluctuations in ventilation and gas exchange. Adjustment of respiratory support to the infant's needs is limited by staff availability and workload. Hence, automation is being explored as a way to improve the care of the premature infants. New modes of automatic respiratory support are being developed and becoming available for clinical use in preterm infants. These modes are expected to compensate for some of the limitations that presently exist in the conventional forms of respiratory support. Available evidence and preliminary findings are promising, but further investigation is needed to determine the effects of these modalities on the long-term outcome of preterm infants.
Efficacy of desmopressin in the treatment of nocturia: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study in men (2002)

Orally administered desmopressin is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for nocturia in men.
Efficient Time and Frequency Synchronization for OFDM based Wireless Indoor Communication over Rician Fading Channel (2006)

We present joint frame synchronization and frequency offset estimation using a new preamble with pseudo-noise sequences in time domain for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless communication over rician fading channel. By the proposed scheme, the accuracy of the timing offset estimator is definitely improved and an estimation range of the frequency offset normalized by the carrier spacing is extremely extended to one half of the total signal bandwidth with only one pilot symbol which has lower PAPR than those in conventional schemes. The performance of the proposed method is shown by simulation.
GaAlAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors: issues and prospects for application (1989)

Issues important for the manufacturing of GaAlAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and their prospects for application in various areas are discussed. The microwave and digital performance status of HBTs is reviewed. Extrapolated values of maximum frequency of oscillation above 200 GHz and frequency divider operation at 26.9 GHz are reported. Key prospects for further device development are highlighted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cloning and transposon insertion mutagenesis of virulence genes of the 100-kilobase plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium (1988)

We have cloned regions of the 100-kilobase (kb) plasmid, pStSR100, of Salmonella typhimurium SR-11 that confer virulence to plasmid-cured S. typhimurium. Cells carrying recombinant plasmids that conferred virulence were selected by inoculating mice orally with recombinant libraries in virulence plasmid-cured S. typhimurium and harvesting isolates that infected spleens. Three plasmids, pYA401, pYA402, and pYA403, constructed with the cosmid vector pCVD305 conferred wild-type levels of virulence to plasmid-cured S. typhimurium and had a common 14-kb DNA insert sequence. Another recombinant plasmid, pYA422, constructed with the vector pACYC184, conferred to plasmid-cured S. typhimurium a wild-type 50% lethal dose (LD50) level, but mice died more slowly than when infected with wild-type S. typhimurium. Furthermore, pYA422 conferred the ability to cause a higher, but not a wild-type, level of splenic infection on plasmid-cured S. typhimurium. pYA422 had a 3.2-kb insert sequence which mapped to the center of the 14-kb common sequence of the cosmid clones. Transposon Tn5 insertion mutations in pYA403 inhibited virulence to various degrees, and when transduced into the native virulence plasmid of S. typhimurium, these Tn5 insertions decreased virulence to degrees similar to those observed when the Tn5 insertions were present in pYA403. vir-22::Tn5 in pStSR100 greatly lowered infection of spleens relative to unmutagenized virulence plasmid, while vir-26::Tn5 and vir-27::Tn5 lowered splenic infection to lesser degrees. At least three proteins were encoded by pYA403 containing 23 kb of insert sequence and subclone pYA420, containing the 14-kb common insert sequence present in all of the cosmid clones. One of these proteins, with an apparent molecular weight of 28,000, was also encoded by pYA422. The Tn5 insertion that most attenuated virulence, vir-22::Tn5, inhibited synthesis of the 28,000-molecular-weight protein. The vir-22::Tn5 insertion was complemented by recombinant plasmids encoding only the 28,000-molecular-weight protein, suggesting a role of this protein in virulence. However, recombinant plasmids, exemplified by pYA422, that encoded only the 28,000-molecular-weight protein did not confer full virulence.
Semantics-based information brokering (1994)

The rapid advances in computer and communication technologies, and their merger, is leading to a global information market place. It will consist of federations of very large number of information systems that will cooperate to varying extents to support the users' information needs. We discuss an approach to information brokering in the above environment. We discuss two of its tasks: information resource discovery, which identifies relevant information sources for a given query, and query processing, which involves the generation of appropriate mapping from relevant but structurally heterogeneous objects. Query processing consists of information focusing and information correlation. Our approach is based on: semantic proximity, which represents semantic similarities based on the context of comparison, and schema correspondences which are used to represent structural mappings and are associated with the context. The context of comparison of the two objects is the primary vehicle to represent the semantics for determining semantic proximity. Specifically, we use a partial context representation to capture the semantics in terms of the assumptions in the intended use of the objects and the intended meaning of the user query. Information focusing is supported by subsequent context comparison. The same mechanism can be used to support information resource discovery. Context comparison leads to changes in schema correspondences that are used to support information correlation.
Angle-resolved annular data acquisition method for microellipsometry (2007)

An ellipsometric data acquisition method is introduced to measure the optical properties of sample. It is based on a microellipsometer hardware layout integrated a high numerical aperture objective lens, which is aligned in the normal direction of sample surface. This technique enables to achieve ellipsometric data at multiple incident angle with a sub-mum probe beam size, moreover real-time measurement is possible due to no moving parts. The experimental results of different SiO(2) thin film are demonstrated, also calibration technique is described.
Alignment Mark Optimization to Reduce Tool- and Wafer-Induced Shift for XRA-1000 (1999)

As semiconductor device geometry shrinks down to the 100 nm order for the most critical layers, requirements for overlay accuracy have become increasingly strict in the semiconductor manufacturing process. One contribution to overlay error (particularly alignment error) originates from the process and tool interaction. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the alignment accuracy of both the process and the tool. Alignment errors can be separated into tool-induced shift (TIS), wafer-induced shift (WIS), and TIS-WIS interaction. In this study, optimization of the alignment mark will be proposed in order to reduce not only TIS, but also WIS for the XRA-1000, which is the volume production stepper of proximity X-ray lithography (PXL).
Polarization-independent DPSK demodulation using a birefringent fiber loop (2005)

A robust polarization-independent technique for demodulating optical differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) signals using a birefringent-fiber-loop (BFL) is proposed and demonstrated. The BFL has a differential group delay between its fast and slow optical axes, providing interference which allows the phase modulation to be converted to intensity modulation and then directly detected by a photodiode. Error-free bit-error-rate measurements and clear demodulated eyes were observed. The temperature stability of the scheme improves with the bit rate of the DPSK signal.
Apparatus for Stress Corrosion Tests in Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solutions (1969)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. A. STREICHER, A. J. SWEET, R. M. SHEMENSKI, C. W. MARSCHALL; Apparatus for Stress Corrosion Tests in Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solutions. CORROSION 1 October 1969; 25 (10): 432–433. doi: https://doi.org/10.5006/0010-9312-25.10.432 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Wide-Supply-Range All-Digital Leakage Variation Sensor for On-Chip Process and Temperature Monitoring (2015)

Variation in process, voltage and temperature is a major obstacle in achieving energy-efficient operation of LSI. This paper proposes an all-digital on-chip circuit to monitor leakage current variations of both of the nMOSFET and pMOSFET independently. As leakage current is highly sensitive to threshold voltage and temperature, the circuit is suitable for tracking process and temperature variation. The circuit uses reconfigurable inhomogeneity to obtain statistical properties from a single monitor instance. A compact reconfigurable inverter topology is proposed to implement the monitor circuit. The compact and digital nature of the inverter enables cell-based design, which will reduce design costs. Measurement results from a 65 nm test chip show the validity of the proposed circuit. For a 124 sample size for both of the nMOSFET and pMOSFET, the monitor area is 4500 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and active power consumption is 76 nW at 0.8 V operation. The proposed technique enables area-efficient and low-cost implementation thus can be used in product chips for applications such as dynamic energy and thermal management, testing and post-silicon tuning.
Fractal analysis of bone structure with applications to osteoporosis and microgravity effects (1995)

We characterize the trabecular structure with the aid of fractal dimension. We use alternating sequential filters (ASF) to generate a nonlinear pyramid for fractal dimension computations. We do not make any assumptions of the statistical distributions of the underlying fractal bone structure. The only assumption of our scheme is the rudimentary definition of self-similarity. This allows us the freedom of not being constrained by statistical estimation schemes. With mathematical simulations, we have shown that the ASF methods outperform other existing methods for fractal dimension estimation. We have shown that the fractal dimension remains the same when computed with both the x-ray images and the MRI images of the patella. We have shown that the fractal dimension of osteoporotic subjects is lower than that of the normal subjects. In animal models, we have shown that the fractal dimension of osteoporotic rats was lower than that of the normal rats. In a 17 week bedrest study, we have shown that the subject's prebedrest fractal dimension is higher than that of the postbedrest fractal dimension.
Collapse of solitary waves near the transition from supercritical to subcritical bifurcations (2008)

The nonlinear stage of the instability of one-dimensional solitons within a small vicinity of the transition point from supercritical to subcritical bifurcations has been studied both analytically and numerically using the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. It is shown that the pulse amplitude and its width near the collapsing time demonstrate a self-similar behavior with a small asymmetry at the pulse tails due to self-steepening. This theory is applied to solitary interfacial deep-water waves, envelope water waves with a finite depth, and short optical pulses in fibers.
Insulin-like growth factors I and II in fetal and adult bovine serum. Purification, primary structures, and immunological cross-reactivities. (1986)

Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) were prepared from fetal calf serum and adult bovine serum by gel filtration, immunoaffinity chromatography, chromatofocusing, and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography, and their complete amino acid sequences determined. IGF-I and -II are found in both adult and fetal serum. The sequence of bovine IGF-I is found to be identical to that of human IGF-I, whereas 3 out of 67 amino acid residues are found to be different between bovine and human IGF-II. The differences are located in the C-peptide region of the molecule. Bovine IGF-II shows less than 10% immunological cross-reactivity with antisera against human and rat IGF-II, but is equipotent to human IGF-II in displacing human 125I-labeled IGF-II from human placental receptor. Bovine IGF-I was equipotent to human IGF-I in both radioimmunoassays and radioreceptor assays within the limits of the assay.
Clinical Experience with Trastuzumab (Herceptin) (2003)

Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor family oncogene, Her-2/neu. It has revolutionized therapy for the 15-20% of patients with metastatic breast cancer whose tumors have gene amplification for Her-2/neu. Results of clinical trials with single agent trastuzumab and in combination with paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinorelbine, gemcitabine and platinum salts have been encouraging. Durable remissions in excess of 5 years have occasionally been reported. Subjectively the side effect profile of this novel, targeted therapy, has been mild. Cardiac toxicity, while reported in combination regimens with anthracyclines tend to be easily manageable and not absolute contradictions to continuation of trastuzumab. Outside of clinical trials, however, anthracycline/trastuzumab combinations should be avoided. Preliminary results of trials with various combinations of chemotherapeutic agents have been promising while combinations with hormonal and other biologic therapy are ongoing. Trastuzumab is an exciting new monoclonal antibody with interesting anti-tumor activity in patients with Her-2/neu gene amplified breast cancer. We look forward to ongoing clinical trials combining trastuzumab with a broad array of other chemotherapeutic, hormonal and biological agents.