gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Matching between the Polymeric Nucleating Agent Isotactic Poly(vinylcyclohexane) and Isotactic Polypropylene (2006)

Poly(vinylcyclohexane) (PVCH) is a patented polymeric nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and induces its alpha crystal modification (αiPP). The structural interactions at the root of this activity are investigated by analyzing the transcrystallization of single crystals of αiPP on single crystals of PVCH. Electron microscopy results indicate (i) a quasi-perfect two-dimensional lattice match in the contact plane, with (100)PVCH facing (110)αiPP or (1̄10)αiPP planes, and (ii) a consistent link between the PVCH single crystals' internal structure and the orientation of αiPP overgrowth. The two polymers chain axes are parallel. The 3-fold (iPP) and 4-fold (PVCH) helices share the same chain axis repeat (≈6.5 Å), and repeat distances normal to the chain axis are ≈21.9 Å for (110)αiPP and (100)PVCH planes. In chain axis projection, the PVCH helices are tilted relative to the a and b axes of the tetragonal unit cell. The tilt generates an “asymmetric sawteeth” surface profile that differs for clock- or counterclockwise tilts. Similar surface profiles exist in the (110)αiPP or (1̄10)αiPP contact planes. Matching of the PVCH and iPP sawteeth profiles is selective and induces a single orientation of the αiPP crystal lattice in the overgrowth. The orientation of the αiPP overgrowth thus becomes also a marker of the local clock- or counterclockwise setting of PVCH helices in the growth face.
Toward flexible calibration of head-mounted gaze trackers with parallax error compensation (2016)

Although the mobile head-mounted gaze tracker (HMGT) has gained its great success in human-machine interactions, the real implementation of HMGT still poses several significant challenges. The parallax error and the tedious calibration procedure, as two of these challenges, will be addressed in our proposed two-step calibration method. In the first step, instead of fixating at several pre-defined calibration points successively, the user is only required to change his or her head pose while gazing at one calibration marker with allowance of short-period distractions. Users can continuously change head poses or keep each of their head poses for 1~2 seconds before changing to the next head pose. Then the traditional Gaussian process (GP) regression considering the dominant linear trend and a sparse GP regression using pseudo-inputs are applied for above two kinds of head motions to register input space of glint-pupil vectors with output space of image gaze points, respectively. Besides, the heat map, the correlation test and blob analysis are made use of to detect users' distractions and eye blinks during the calibration phase. The second step involves recovering the epipolar geometry set up by HMGT and eyeballs. To this end, a nonlinear optimization problem is formulated to search for the geometry parameter set which could well explain the detected parallax errors resulted from varying the depth of the calibration point. Then the real image gaze point can be straightforwardly estimated as the intersection of two epipolar lines calculated from binocular data. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of our proposed calibration method.
Basic Diet Guidance for Athletes (1979)

Dr. Hanley is a member of the medical commission of the International Olympic Committee, deputy chairman of the Internationa] Association of Medical Officers, and until recently has been physician for the U.S. Olympic team since 1960. At other times he is the college physician of Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine
An improved perception-based no-reference objective image sharpness metric using iterative edge refinement (2008)

The computation of existing sharpness/blurriness objective metrics involves measuring the spread of edge pixels in blurred images. However, in blurred images, many edges might go undetected causing the metrics to become inaccurate. In these scenarios, proper recovery of edge pixels can lead to a better correlation between the perceived sharpness and the sharpness metric. This paper presents an iterative edge refinement algorithm. The proposed edge refinement scheme is integrated into a perceptual- based no-reference sharpness metric resulting in an increased correlation with the perceived sharpness and, thus, in an increased sharpness/blurriness prediction accuracy. Results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme and metric.
Sensitive Detection Of Hydrogen Chloride By Derivative Spectroscopy With A Diode Laser (1984)

Low concentration pollutants in the atmosphere can be detected by their infrared absorption spectra. We use a diode laser spectrometer in a dual-beam configuration for this purpose. The laser source is frequency modulated to provide the sensitivity enhancement associated with derivative spectroscopy. One of the laser beams is passed through a reference cell containing the gas to be detected in order to lock the laser frequency to the center of the absorption line. The other beam passes through a White cell with 64 m absorption path length. Sample air is sucked through this cell at a pressure of about 100 mbar. Although the pressure reduction reduces the density of absorbing molecules by a factor of ten, the increase in absorption cross section due to the narrowing linewidth nearly compensates this effect and drastically reduces interference from other gases. The absorption is observed as a modulation of the laser intensity at twice the modulation frequency. The intensity modulation is proportional to the second derivative of the absorption line. The spectrometer was used in a field experiment on board a research vessel in the North Sea for the measurement of HCI in the plumes of incineration ships. A HCI detection sensitivity of 50 ppbii-Lz was achieved.
Sodium borohydride in acetic acid. A convenient system for the reductive deoxygenation of carbonyl tosylhydrazones (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium borohydride in acetic acid. A convenient system for the reductive deoxygenation of carbonyl tosylhydrazonesRobert O. Hutchins and Nicholas R. NataleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 11, 2299–2301Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00405a052https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00405a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2127Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Common Law Crime Analysis of Pinkerton V. United States: Sixty Years of Impermissible Judicially-Created Criminal Liability (2006)

Gary, Indiana was named the homicide capital of America many times in the 1980s and 1990s.1More than 70% of the murders in Gary are drug-related, and crack cocaine is especially prevalent. 2Thus, it is probably not particularly noteworthy that William Curtis and Jamell Rouson, two young men from Gary, joined a gang and began distributing crack cocaine.They were eventually arrested and convicted for their drug activity.Curtis' involvement in the drug trade was limited to the drugs, but Rouson's involvement included committing two murders.One would expect Curtis to be punished for distributing cocaine and Rouson to be punished for both distributing cocaine and committing murder.It seems almost illogical to suggest that Curtis could * J.D. Candidate, University of Montana School of Law, 2006.I would like to thank Mark Parker for being kind enough to let me take his idea of Pinkerton as a common law crime and run with it.The theory is his, I simply explored it further.
High Performance Single-Balanced Duplexer (2007)

A new topology for realizing a Single-input/Balanced-output duplexer with excellent rejection along with excellent phase and amplitude imbalance characteristics is presented. In addition to SE/BAL operation, this topology allows superior performances over conventional ladder topology. A Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) duplexer for Band V CDMA covering the cellular frequency bands has been fabricated using this topology. The measurement results are presented and compared to single-single conventional duplexers. Finally, discussion is opened about the pro and cons of the method used.
Enhanced Specific Heat of Silica Nanofluid (2010)

Silica nanoparticles (1% by weight) were dispersed in a eutectic of lithium carbonate and potassium carbonate (62:38 ratio) to obtain high temperature nanofluids. A differential scanning calorimeter instrument was used to measure the specific heat of the neat molten salt eutectic and after addition of nanoparticles. The specific heat of the nanofluid was enhanced by 19–24%. The measurement uncertainty for the specific heat values in the experiments is estimated to be in the range of 1–5%. These experimental data contradict earlier experimental results reported in the literature. (Notably, the stability of the nanofluid samples was not verified in these studies.) In the present study, the dispersion and stability of the nanoparticles were confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Percolation networks were observed in the SEM image of the nanofluid. Furthermore, no agglomeration of the nanoparticles was observed, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The observed enhancements are suggested to be due to the high specific surface energies that are associated with the high surface area of the nanoparticles per unit volume (or per unit mass).
The effect of substrate noise on VCO performance (2005)

This study characterizes the effect of substrate noise on a standard component of the RF front end: the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), as well as evaluating the effect of VCO bias current and guard rings on noise performance. Frequency effects of substrate noise are also examined through the study of VCOs at three different center frequencies: 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.2 GHz. Substrate noise is a serious problem that continues to plague mixed-signal designs. Components of the RF frontend are particularly sensitive to substrate noise as the effectiveness of standard isolation techniques degrades at higher frequencies. This study has shown that the phase noise of a VCO is adversely affected by substrate noise. In the extreme, the VCO can lock to the substrate noise. Guard rings can effectively attenuate substrate noise at lower frequencies. For example, at 900 MHz, as much as 25 dB of isolation is observed. At 5.2 GHz, the isolation reduces to 10 dB. Furthermore, the use of guard rings can improve the response of the VCO to injection locking.
Multilingual Composite Document Management Framework For The Internet: An FRBR Approach (2010)

International audience
Highly sensitive detector for submillimeter wavelength range (2004)

A highly sensitive detector of submillimeter wavelength radiation is reported. The detector consists of a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) and a metallic single-electron transistor (SET). The SET detects change in the potential distribution induced by photon absorption within the QD. We have fabricated and studied this detector at wavelengths longer than 200μm. High sensitivity, ∼10−20W∕Hz in terms of noise equivalent power, is found. Further optimization of the detector design is suggested.
新农村建设中的生态景观设计分析 (2020)

目前，新农村建设是推动中国农村经济发展的重要手段。在新农村建设中，不同的地方对农村景观的设计和当地经济，政治，文化等各方面的因素相关联。为了促进新农村建设的不断发展，将农村地区生产和生活以一种生态景观方式进行表达，使整个新农村的景观有所提升。然而，在实际开发过程中，由于未能进行合理的规划，这导致了混乱的乡村景观风格，甚至严重的污染。因此，本文首先阐述了新农村建设的重要意义，然后揭示生态景观和新农村建设之间的关系，找到现有的新农村生态景观建设的问题。最后，提出了在新农村建设中生态景观设计理念的应用。
Percutaneous In Situ Coronary Venous Arterialization: A Catheter‐Based Procedure for Coronary Artery Bypass (2005)

Diffuse coronary artery disease is frequently untreatable by coronary artery bypass or angioplasty. Open chest surgical arterialization of the coronary venous system was successfully performed before the widespread use of coronary artery bypass grafting and has been applied in ungraftable patients thereafter. Percutaneous in situ coronary venous arterialization (PICVA) follows this surgical experience, using a series of unique catheter-based devices to arterialize isolated segments of coronary vein, forcing retroperfusion of severely ischemic myocardium. In a series of animals, this procedure had been shown to reduce ischemia and myocardial damage in an infarction model. In the PICVA European Safety trial, the first 11 percutaneous applications of catheter-based coronary bypass in humans revealed feasibility of the technique in highly symptomatic "no-option" patients. Despite two deaths and six failures to create the bypass, we continue to believe that on further development, the catheter-based coronary bypass can become a broad-based interventional application.
A Study of the Birds of the Big Basin Region of California (1942)

Within recent years many regional studies have been made on the occurrence, distribution and habits of vertebrates within limited areas. These works have proven invaluable, not only in theory to the student of natural history but also in a very practical sense in aiding in the administration of certain of our national and state recreational areas and wildlife sanctuaries. One of the most important services that the field biologist can contribute is to accurately record, for the use of present and future generations, the ecological relationships of plants and animals within certain definitely circumscribed regions. This is especially desirable in those areas where civilization is rapidly encroaching upon and changing the native wildlife complex. It is here probably, rather than in remote wilderness regions, that we should devote most of our energy in accumulating factual material. This should not be confined merely to casual observation, but rather to the active recording of all information pertaining to the welfare and existence of native species. With such factual information once available we are in a better position to judge the relative worth of various areas from a biological viewpoint and may, through cooperative efforts, bring about more adequate and complete preserves for our native wildlife.
Multimode high definition and personal computer monitor chip set (1990)

A new family of devices to simplify the design of multimode computer displays has been developed. This cost-effective and highly integrated system has been developed for personal computer and high-definition CRT displays. The range of signals with which the chip set can operate includes TTL (transistor transistor logic) and/or analog video, and composite or separate H and V TTL level sync. The horizontal timebase has frequency agility, enabling it to lock over a range of 15.5 kHz to 50 kHz automatically. The analog video bandwidth is in excess of 50 MHz. Four integrated circuits are included in the family: one is used exclusively for TTL-to-analog video conversion, the other three are variants of the timebase/video circuit. The main system functions are TTL-to-analog conversion, DC video contrast and brightness controls, video cascode drivers for video output stages, automatic sync source and polarity control, a vertical oscillator and ramp generator, a frequency agile horizontal timebase, and programmable drivers for horizontal frequency-dependent power MOSFET switching.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PD54-05 IMPACT OF COLLAGENASE CLOSTRIDIUM HISTOLYTICUM TREATMENT OF MEN WITH PEYRONIE'S DISEASE ON IMPROVEMENT OF FEMALE PARTNER SEXUAL FUNCTION (2018)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Peyronie 0 s disease (PD) plaque formation may elicit penile deformities (eg, curvature) that cause bother and impact relationships. The objective was to examine the impact of erectile dysfunction severity in men with PD on improvement of female partner satisfaction after collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) treatment.
The Clouds distributed operating system (1991)

The authors discuss a paradigm for structuring distributed operating systems, the potential and implications this paradigm has for users, and research directions for the future. They describe Clouds, a general-purpose operating system for distributed environments. It is based on an object-thread model adapted from object-oriented programming.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Kraft Pulp Bleaching and Delignification by Dikaryons and Monokaryons of <i>Trametes versicolor</i> (1993)

The ability of 10 dikaryotic and 20 monokaryotic strains of Trametes (Coriolus) versicolor to bleach and delignify hardwood and softwood kraft pulps was assessed. A dikaryon (52P) and two of its mating-compatible monokaryons (52J and 52D) derived via protoplasting were compared. All three regularly bleached hardwood kraft pulp more than 20 brightness points (International Standards Organization) in 5 days and softwood kraft pulp the same amount in 12 days. Delignification (kappa number reduction) by the dikaryon and the monokaryons was similar, but the growth of the monokaryons was slower. Insoluble dark pigments were commonly found in the mycelium, medium, and pulp of the dikaryon only. Laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP) but not lignin peroxidase activities were secreted during bleaching by all three strains. Their laccase and MnP isozyme patterns were compared on native gels. No segregation of isozyme bands between the monokaryons was found. Hardwood kraft pulp appeared to adsorb several laccase isozyme bands. One MnP isozyme (pI, 3.2) was secreted in the presence of pulp by all three strains, but a second (pI, 4.9) was produced only by 52P. A lower level of soluble MnP activity in one monokaryon (52D) was associated with reduced bleaching ability and a lower level of methanol production. Since monokaryon 52J bleached pulp better than its parent dikaryon 52P, especially per unit of biomass, this genetically simpler monokaryon will be the preferred subject for further genetic manipulation and improvement of fungal pulp biological bleaching.
Seed storage and germination (2006)

A- Seed storage and extraction from pods B- Germination of non-dormant seeds C- Breaking seed embryo dormancy
Gelation, Shear-Thinning and Shear-Thickening in Cement Slurries (2004)

The rheological behavior of cement slurries may be described in terms of a few elementary behaviors: - the rapid formation of a gel, at rest; - the collapse of this gel under a critical stress directly related to the strength of the interparticle forces; - the progressive destruction of the gel fragments under moderate shear rate, with an increasingly shear-thinning behavior as the elementary particles gets smaller; - the reconstruction, at high shear rate, of shear-resistant structures, probably as chains of grains at contact; - complete jamming, possibly. We analyze the transition mechanisms from one step to the next one. We show how the addition of a dispersing agent favors shear-thickening at the expense of shear-thinning and how the control of the particle surface state and of interparticle friction restricts shear-thickening and the risk of jamming.
Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Host Rejection (2014)

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) have unique immunosuppressive properties enabling them to evade host rejection and making them valuable tools for cell therapy. We previously showed that human UMSCs survive xenograft transplantation and successfully correct the corneal clouding defects associated with the mouse model for the congenital metabolic disorder mucopolysaccharidosis VII. However, the precise mechanism by which UMSCs suppress the immune system remains elusive. This study aimed to determine the key components involved in the ability of the UMSCs to modulate the inflammatory system and to identify the inflammatory cells that are regulated by the UMSCs. Our results show that human UMSCs transplanted into the mouse stroma 24 h after an alkali burn suppress the severe inflammatory response and enable the recovery of corneal transparency within 2 weeks. Furthermore, we demonstrated in vitro that UMSCs inhibit the adhesion and invasion of inflammatory cells and also the polarization of M1 macrophages. UMSCs also induced the maturation of T-regulatory cells and led to inflammatory cell death. Moreover, UMSCs exposed to inflammatory cells synthesize a rich extracellular glycocalyx composed of the chondroitin sulfate-proteoglycan versican bound to a heavy chain (HC)-modified hyaluronan (HA) matrix (HC-HA). This matrix also contains TNFα-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6), the enzyme that transfers HCs to HA, and pentraxin-3, which further stabilizes the matrix. Our results, both in vivo and in vitro, show that this glycocalyx confers the ability for UMSCs to survive the host immune system and to regulate the inflammatory cells.
A high-performance scalable submicron MOSFET for mixed analog/digital applications (2002)

A scalable submicron MOSFET with excellent analog characteristics has been designed and fabricated for integration as a 'third' transistor with conventional CMOS processes. Excellent analog device characteristics have been obtained, including a factor of 10 improvement in available gain, a factor of 100 reduction in peak substrate current, and significantly reduced hot-electron degradation. An angled implantation technique is utilized to allow easy incorporation into submicron processes with negligible impact on the conventional devices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Guide to participatory tools for forest communities (2006)

The Center for International Forestry Research has developed and adapted various participatory tools for use with forest communities and other natural resource dependent groups. The tools have diverse applications: stakeholder identification, decision making, planning, conflict management, information collection, landscape assessment and other uses. The Guide to Participatory Tools for Forest Communities is intended for environment and development practitioners, researchers and local government officials. It provides information on various tools to help readers grasp basic capabilities, identify the most appropriate tool for their needs and find resources for additional information. Much like a map, this guide sends readers in the right direction when selecting participatory tools.