gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The pro-inflammatory peptide LL-37 promotes ovarian tumor progression through recruitment of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (2009)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to engraft into the stroma of several tumor types, where they contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. However, the chemotactic signals mediating MSC migration to tumors remain poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that LL-37 (leucine, leucine-37), the C-terminal peptide of human cationic antimicrobial protein 18, stimulates the migration of various cell types and is overexpressed in ovarian, breast, and lung cancers. Although there is evidence to support a pro-tumorigenic role for LL-37, the function of the peptide in tumors remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that neutralization of LL-37 in vivo significantly reduces the engraftment of MSCs into ovarian tumor xenografts, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth as well as disruption of the fibrovascular network. Migration and invasion experiments conducted in vitro indicated that the LL-37-mediated migration of MSCs to tumors likely occurs through formyl peptide receptor like-1. To assess the response of MSCs to the LL-37-rich tumor microenvironment, conditioned medium from LL-37-treated MSCs was assessed and found to contain increased levels of several cytokines and pro-angiogenic factors compared with controls, including IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-10, CCL5, VEGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-2. Similarly, Matrigel mixed with LL-37, MSCs, or the combination of the two resulted in a significant number of vascular channels in nude mice. These data indicate that LL-37 facilitates ovarian tumor progression through recruitment of progenitor cell populations to serve as pro-angiogenic factor-expressing tumor stromal cells.
Isolation and characterization of S49 lymphoma cells deficient in beta-adrenergic receptors: relation of receptor number to activation of adenylate cyclase. (1979)

Variant S49 lymphoma cells that have a diminished response to beta -adrenergic amines were selected from wild-type clones, using the beta -adrenergic agonist terbutaline in the presence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Variants (termed beta p variants) having approximately 50% of wild-type beta -adrenergic receptors and 50% catecholamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity relative to wild-type were isolated in a single step selection. When these beta p variants were mutagenized and subjected to a second round of selection with terbutaline and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, receptor deficient variants (termed beta d ) expressing 10-30% of wild-type beta -adrenergic receptors and responsiveness to isoproterenol were isolated. Two independent beta p clones and the respective beta d clones selected from them were characterized with respect to their adenylate cyclase and receptor properties. Both beta p and beta d variant cells demonstrated a diminished response to isoproterenol and an increased response to PGE 1 relative to wild-type. Membranes from all four receptor-deficient clones responded normally to Gpp(NH)p, NaF, and PGE 1 . The density of beta -adrenergic receptors in membranes measured by the specific binding of [ 125 I]IHYP was between 40 and 65%, relative to wild-type, for clones beta p1 and beta p2 and from 10 to 30% in beta d1 and beta d2 . The dissociation constant for agonist and antagonist binding was the same for receptor-deficient and wild-type membranes. A direct relationship was obtained between beta -adrenergic receptor number and maximal activation of adenylate cyclase, indicating that beta -adrenergic receptor number limits the maximal activation of adenylate cyclase by catecholamines. These results conflict with the finding that isoproterenol stimulates S49 adenylate cyclase at concentrations well below those required to produce an equivalent fractional occupancy of receptors. The beta p and beta d phenotypes rule out an explanation of this discrepancy that depends on a number of receptors in excess of that required for maximal stimulation.
Software Reliability Prediction for Open Source Software Adoption Systems Based on Early Lifecycle Measurements (2011)

Various OSS(Open Source Software)s are being modified and adopted into software products with their own quality level. However, it is difficult to measure the quality of an OSS before use and to select the proper one. These difficulties come from OSS features such as a lack of bug information, unknown development schedules, and variable documentations. Conventional software reliability models are not adequate to assess the reliability of a software system in which an OSS is being adopted as a new add-on feature because the OSS can be modified while Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software cannot. This paper provides an approach to assessing the software reliability of OSS adopted software system in the early stage of a software life cycle. We identify the software factors that affect the reliability of software system using the COCOMOII modeling methodology and define the module usage as a module coupling measure. We build the fault count models using the multivariate linear regression and performed the model evaluation. Early software reliability assessment in OSS adoption helps to make an effective development and testing strategies for improving the reliability of the whole system.
Thymoquinone, as an anticancer molecule: from basic research to clinical investigation (2017)

Thymoquinone is an anticancer phytochemical commonly found in black cumin. In this review, we discuss the potential of thymoquinone as anticancer molecule, its mechanism of action and future usage in clinical applications. Thymoquinone exhibits anticancer activity via numerous mechanisms of action, specifically by showing selective antioxidant and oxidant activity, interfering with DNA structure, affecting carcinogenic signaling molecules/pathways and immunomodulation. <i>In vitro</i> activity of thymoquinone has been further implicated in animal models of cancer; however, no clinical application has been proven yet. This is the optimum time to focus on clinical trials for developing thymoquinone as a future drug in cancer therapeutics.
A 2.5–5.75-GHz Ring-Based Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier With Background-Calibrated Reference Frequency Doubler (2019)

A low-jitter, low-power ring oscillator (RO)-based injection-locked clock multiplier (ILCM) is presented. It employs a background-calibrated reference frequency doubler to increase the RO noise suppression bandwidth, a digital delay-locked loop (DLL) to achieve second-order suppression of RO noise, and a digital frequency-tracking loop (FTL) to continuously tune the oscillator's free-running frequency and ensure a robust operation across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. A least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm is used to accurately cancel the deterministic jitter (DJ) caused by input duty cycle errors. Fabricated in the 65-nm CMOS process, the prototype ILCM occupies an active area of 0.09 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and generates an output clock in the range of 2.5-5.75 GHz using a 125-MHz reference clock. At 5 GHz, it achieves an integrated jitter of 335 fsrms, while consuming 5.3 mW of power. This translates to the best reported figure-of-merit (FoM) of -242.4 dB for a ring-based ILCM at this high frequency.
Human Papillomavirus Virus-Like Particles Are Efficient Oral Immunogens when Coadministered with <i>Escherichia coli</i> Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Mutant R192G or CpG DNA (2001)

Certain human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause most cervical cancer, which remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. HPV recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine candidates for controlling anogenital HPV disease and are now being evaluated as a parenteral vaccine modality in human subjects. Vaccines formulated for injection generally are more costly, more difficult to administer, and less acceptable to recipients than are mucosally administered vaccines. Since oral delivery represents an attractive alternative to parenteral injection for large-scale human vaccination, the oral immunogenicity of HPV type 11 (HPV-11) VLPs in mice was previously investigated; it was found that a modest systemic neutralizing antibody response was induced (R. C. Rose, C. Lane, S. Wilson, J. A. Suzich, E. Rybicki, and A. L. Williamson, Vaccine 17:2129-2135, 1999). Here we examine whether VLPs of other genotypes may also be immunogenic when administered orally and whether mucosal adjuvants can be used to enhance VLP oral immunogenicity. We show that HPV-16 and HPV-18 VLPs are immunogenic when administered orally and that oral coadministration of these antigens with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) mutant R192G (LT R192G) or CpG DNA can significantly improve anti-VLP humoral responses in peripheral blood and in genital mucosal secretions. Our results also suggest that LT R192G may be superior to CpG DNA in this ability. These findings support the concept of oral immunization against anogenital HPV disease and suggest that clinical studies involving this approach may be warranted.
Measurement of the Schottky barrier height between Ni-InGaAs alloy and In0.53Ga0.47As (2012)

The temperature dependence of the current-voltage characteristics of Ni-InGaAs alloy Schottky contacts to n-In0.53Ga0.47As was measured. Nearly ideal plots with an ideality factor close to unity were obtained. The Arrhenius curve across the wide temperature range of 80–300 K was perfectly linear, yielding a barrier height of 0.239 ± 0.01 eV. This value is substantially larger than previously reported. Conventional metal based Schottky diodes did not exhibit an ideal Schottky behavior. The ideal Schottky diode characteristics are attributed to the lack of oxidation and contamination of the interface between Ni-InGaAs and InGaAs.
SNR and density limit estimates: a comparison of longitudinal and perpendicular recording (2000)

Simplified Neel-Arrhenius analysis is utilized to determine limiting densities versus SNR for longitudinal and keepered-perpendicular media. Dominant transition noise is assumed and the effects of grain size distribution and storage above room temperature are included. Perpendicular recording potentially exhibits a higher density than longitudinal; for example, at SNR=20 dB, the limiting densities are approximately 500 and 100 Gbit/in/sup 2/, respectively.
NMDA Receptor Antagonists as Antidepressant and Antidementia Drugs: Recent Developments and Future Prospects (2003)

N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NR) antagonists have contributed to the major advances in research of excitatory synaptic transmission, neuronal excitotoxicity, and neurodegenerative disorders. Activation of the NRs evokes a rapid Ca2+ influx into neurons, resulting in an activation of a variety of intracellular signal cascades, Ca2+ mobilization, and alterations in membrane channel activity and gene expression. The signal transduction mechanisms play a fundamental role in how the brain functions physiologically but are also at the core of neural injury and dysfunction. Evidence is emerging that abnormal NR activation underlies the development of depressive symptoms and of many forms of dementia. Correcting abnormal activity of the NRs thus represents an attractive and essential therapeutic strategy in antidepressant and antidementia medications. NR antagonism can be achieved pharmacologically through blocking the NR / complex at its various binding sites, including the NR glutamate-binding site, the ion channel binding site, the glycine co-agonist site, the polyamine binding site, and the redox modulatory site(s). Agents that have antagonistic activity at the different sites show differential structure-activity relationships, possess distinct pharmacological profiles, and therefore have different therapeutic potentials. This review summarizes current knowledge and developments concerning a variety of NR antagonists and discusses their potential as pharmacological drugs in the treatments of depression and dementia.
Locating alignments with k differences for nucleotide and amino acid sequences (1988)

Given two sequences, a pattern of length m, a text of length n and a positive integer k, we give two algorithms. The first finds all occurrences of the pattern in the text as long as these do not differ from each other by more than k differences. It runs in O(nk) time. The second algorithm finds all subsequence alignments between the pattern and the test with at most k differences. This algorithm runs in O(nmk) time, is very simple and easy to program.
Translational control of growth factor and proto-oncogene expression (1999)

Control of translation is now understood to be one of the major regulatory events in eukaryotic gene expression. Moreover there is evidence which suggests that aberrant expression of growth-related genes by translational mechanisms makes a significant contribution to cell transformation. However, the mechanisms which regulate translation of specific growth-related mRNAs have yet to be fully elucidated. The majority of these mRNAs have long 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) and three features which are important in translational control have been identified, namely (i) structured regions which inhibit the scanning mechanisms of translation, (ii) regulatory upstream open reading frames and (iii) internal ribosome entry segments which are capable of initiating cap-independent translation. In this review the translational regulation of specific mRNAs encoding growth factors and proto-oncogenes by these three mechanisms will be discussed, together with examples of altered translational regulation in neoplasia.
3-D Map Merging on Pose Graphs (2017)

In this letter, we propose an approach for merging three-dimensional maps represented as pose graphs of point clouds. Our method can effectively deal with typical distortions affecting simultaneous localization and mapping-generated maps. Traditional map merging techniques that use a single rigid body transformation to relate the reference frames of different maps. Instead, our approach achieves more accurate results by eliminating the inconsistencies resulting from distortions affecting the inputs, and can succeed in those situations where traditional approaches fail for substantial deformations. The core idea behind our solution is to localize the robot in a reference map by using the data from another map as observations. We validated our approach on publicly available datasets, and provide quantitative results that confirm its effectiveness on challenging instances of the merging problem.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Mediated Olefin Epoxidation and Oxidative DNA Cleavage with Potassium Monopersulfate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Why are Ionic Liquids Attractive for CO2 Absorption? An Overview (2009)

As the climate debate is hotting up, so is the (re)search for finding powerful new materials for the efficient and cost-effective removal of CO2 from flue-gas streams from power plants and other emission sources. Ionic liquids (ILs), exhibiting higher CO2 solubility than conventional organic solvents, have received considerable interest as new CO2 absorbents. The present paper evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of ILs, and provides an overview of the recent developments of ILs for CO2 capture. In conventional ILs, CO2 is absorbed by occupying the free space between the ions through physical absorption mechanisms. As another promising strategy, task-specific ILs have been studied that, by attaching functional groups to the ions, allow the formation of chemical bonds to improve the overall absorption capacity during the CO2 capture process. Other strategies include using ILs as reaction media or as selective absorption materials.
Long-term viable bioaerosol sampling using a temperature- and humidity-controlled filtration apparatus, a laboratory investigation using culturable <i>E. coli</i>. (2017)

Sampling for culturable (e.g., viable) aerosolized microbes (bioaerosols) is a useful means to provide information for public health monitoring and studies. However, it is challenging to maintain microbe culturability when sampling at high flow rates (>12 L/min) and extended periods of time (≥4 h). We developed a first-generation, viable bioaerosol collection system (VBCS) utilizing temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH)–conditioned filtration at a flow rate of 25 L/min. A two-stage system of tube-in-shell Nafion™ exchange units provides cooling to ≤10°C and RH conditioning to 80–95%. Aerosol particles are collected on a polyurethane nanofiber filter providing a physical collection efficiency of >95% for sizes 0.06–10 µm. The T and RH conditions at the collection filter are maintained, despite changes to ambient conditions. The initial testing of the VBCS was done under indoor, laboratory conditions with aerosolized, vegetative E. coli. A scenario of a 30-min challenge of bioaerosol followed by continued sampling of clean air for various times was used to judge culturability maintenance under extended-term sampling. An initial loss of culturability upon collection onto the filter was observed; 23 ± 13% relative to 4-mm all-glass impinger. However once collected, 98% of culturability was maintained for an additional 4.5 h of sampling. An exponential decay in culturability was observed from 8 h to 15 h of sampling. Also, 24-h cold storage of the filters collected was studied. The VBCS is based on the use of dry filter cassettes, needs minimal maintenance, and preserves culturability of vegetative bacteria for >4 h.© 2017 RTI International and Aerosol Dynamics Inc.
[Identification and molecular subtyping of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken carcass]. (2014)

The comprehensive analysis of Sma I and Kpn I results may help improving the resolution of PFGE, increasing the accuracy of typing and reliability of traceability.
A framework for efficient storage security in RDBMS (2004)

Abstract. With the widespread use of e-business coupled with the public’s awareness of data privacy issues and recent database security related legislations, incorporating security features into modern database products has become an increasingly important topic. Several database vendors already offer integrated solutions that provide data privacy within existing products. However, treating security and privacy issues as an afterthought often results in inefficient implementations. Some notable RDBMS storage models (such as the N-ary Storage Model) suffer from this problem. In this work, we analyze issues in storage security and discuss a number of trade-offs between security and efficiency. We then propose a new secure storage model and a key management architecture which enable efficient cryptographic operations while maintaining a very high level of security. We also assess the performance of our proposed model by experimenting with a prototype implementation based on the well-known TPC-H data set. 1
Amphotericin B: delivery systems (1990)

Because the clinical utility of amphotericin B (AmB) is limited by its toxicity of host cells, an important question is how to best direct it specifically to the fungus or at least to the site of infection or, alternatively, how to keep it away from the host cells. One strategy is to use a vehicle other than deoxycholate. In this minireview, we review some of the relevant studies addressing this issue
Risk Factors for Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii on Swine Farms in Illinois (1995)

Two epidemiologic studies of risk factors for transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to swine were conducted for farms in Illinois. The first study was a cross-sectional survey of swine farms from the state of Illinois pseudorabies testing program, in which farm owners or managers were interviewed by telephone regarding presence of risk factors for transmission of T. gondii on the farm. There were 123 farms surveyed that provided blood samples for at least 30 sows. The mean sow seroprevalence was 19.5% (median = 10.0%). Multiple regression analysis of the association of sow seroprevalence with outdoor housing of sows, cat access to sow areas, number of sows, open feed storage and water delivery, delayed removal of carcasses, and presence of rodents on the farm indicated that higher sow seroprevalence was associated with cat access to sows (P = 0.009) and fewer sows in the herd (P = 0.05). The second study was a field investigation of 47 swine farms (37 from the cross-sectional study). Data collection included obtaining blood samples from swine, cats, and rodents, and fecal samples from cats, heart and brain tissue from rodents, and feed, water, and soil samples for T. gondii examination. The risk of T. gondii transmission from cats and rodents to sows and finishing pigs was evaluated, taking into account housing conditions and herd size. Multiple regression analysis indicated that T. gondii seroprevalence in finishing pigs increased with more seropositive juvenile cats on the farm (P < 0.0001) and higher seroprevalence in house mice (P = 0.0023).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A fast blind source separation for digital wireless applications (2002)

The problem of blindly estimating multiple digital co-channel communication signals using an antenna array is studied in the presence of multipath fading. We develop a fast sequential-estimation algorithm for separating multi-user signals based on the geometric observation made by Kansen and Xu (see Proc. ICASSP'96, p.1085-8, Atlanta, GA, 1996). When the signals are constrained to a finite alphabet, it is possible to visualize the geometric properties of the problem, which can be exploited to sequentially extract the digital co-channel communication signals. We present simulation results comparing the speed and BER performance with different methods.
Two Chemoreceptors Mediate Developmental Effects of Dauer Pheromone in <i>C. elegans</i> (2009)

Intraspecific chemical communication is mediated by signals called pheromones. Caenorhabditis elegans secretes a mixture of small molecules (collectively termed dauer pheromone) that regulates entry into the alternate dauer larval stage and also modulates adult behavior via as yet unknown receptors. Here, we identify two heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate dauer formation in response to a subset of dauer pheromone components. The SRBC-64 and SRBC-66 GPCRs are members of the large Caenorhabditis-specific SRBC subfamily and are expressed in the ASK chemosensory neurons, which are required for pheromone-induced dauer formation. Expression of both, but not each receptor alone, confers pheromone-mediated effects on heterologous cells. Identification of dauer pheromone receptors will allow a better understanding of the signaling cascades that transduce the context-dependent effects of ecologically important chemical signals.