gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Morphometric Study of Changes in Dolichos Biflorus Agglutinin (DBA)-binding Pattern of the Human Gastric Parietal Cell in Association with Acid Secretion (1989)

Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) specifically stains the perinuclear region of the human parietal cell that corresponds to the intracellular secretory canalicular membrane at the electron microscopic level (Histochemistry 83: 189, 1985). In the present study, the DBA-staining intensity of the parietal cell was quantitatively estimated in association with gastric acid secretion. Gastric fundic glandular tissues were taken by endoscopic biopsy from 11 healthy males before and after administration of tetragastrin (4 micrograms/kg) or betazol hydrochloride (1 mg/kg). Paraffin sections were prepared and stained with DBA by the ABC method. Light absorbance of the stained parietal cells covering a spot 20.9 microns in diameter was measured using a microspectrophotometer set at wavelength of 365 nm. In all cases, a significant increase in absorbance was recorded after stimulation. The total average of the absorbance before and after stimulation was 0.21 and 0.29, respectively. Electron microscopy revealed that the increase in absorbance was caused by an increase in surface area of the membrane of the intracellular secretory canaliculi.
The emerging role of chemokine receptor CXCR2 in cancer progression (2016)

: Chemokines and their receptors form a complex network controlling leukocyte migration, particularly during infection and inflammation. Besides their critical contributions to the immune system, they are being increasingly implicated in tumour development and metastasis. Chemokines also mediate other tumour-related processes, including angiogenesis and even chemoresistance. There are four subgroups of chemokines based on the position of the first two N-terminal cysteine residues: CXC, CC, CX3C and C. The CXC subgroup is further divided into ELR+ and ELR− chemokines. Chemokines with the ELR motif have angiogenic properties and bind mainly to CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2). CXCR2 and its ligands are intimately involved in tumour regulation and growth, and its functional inhibition shows promising results in several cancer types. This review discusses the contribution of CXCR2 to the progression of the most frequently occurring cancers including lung, prostate, breast and colorectal cancer, in addition to recent relevant data on ovarian and pancreatic cancer. Pharmacological intervention against CXCR2 and its potential therapeutic benefits are also addressed.
The Behavior of Silica Gel towards Certain Alkalies and Salts in Aqueous Solution (1925)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Behavior of Silica Gel towards Certain Alkalies and Salts in Aqueous SolutionW. A. PatrickW. A. PatrickMore by W. A. Patrick and E. H. BarclayE. H. BarclayMore by E. H. BarclayCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1925, 29, 11, 1400–1405Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1925Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1925https://doi.org/10.1021/j150257a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views274Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (310 KB) Get e-Alerts
A New Scheme to Improve the Performance of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Estimating Total Organic Carbon from Well Logs (2018)

Total organic carbon (TOC), a critical geochemical parameter of organic shale reservoirs, can be used to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential of source rocks. However, getting TOC through core analysis of geochemical experiments is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, in this paper, a TOC prediction model was built by combining the data from a case study in the Ordos Basin, China and core analysis with artificial intelligence techniques. In the study, the data of samples were optimized based on annealing algorithm (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA), named SAGA-FCM method. Then, back propagation algorithm (BPNN), least square support vector machine (LSSVM), and least square support vector machine based on particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO-LSSVM) were built based on the data from optimization. The results show that the intelligence model constructed based on core samples data after optimization has much better performance in both training and validation accuracy than the model constructed based on original data. In addition, R2 and MRSE in PSO-LSSVM are 0.9451 and 1.1883, respectively, which proves that models established with optimal dataset of core samples have higher accuracy. This study shows that the quality of sample data affects the prediction of the intelligence model dramatically and the PSO-LSSVM model can present the relationship between well log data and TOC; thus, PSO-LSSVM is a powerful tool to estimate TOC.
Principles of investigation (2011)

4.1 Specimen types, 158 4.2 Specimen culture, 158 4.3 Specimen examination, 158 4.4 Serology, 159 4.5 Molecular techniques, 159 • UTI: MSU/CSU • Skin wounds: Wound swab • Meningitis: CSF and blood • Non-specific pyrexia: Blood and serology • Pneumonia: Blood and sputum •...
Reactive extrusion of polypropylene II: Degradation kinetic modeling (1988)

Abstract A kinetic model for the free‐radical‐initiated molecular weight degradation of polypropylene was further developed. The model has a single variable parameter, the initiator efficiency, f. Assumptions were detailed, new comparisons with experimental data presented, and model sensitivity to the value of f evaluated. The model was found to provide a good description of both molecular weight distribution and molecular weight average data from degradations carried out in a single‐screw extruder at 200 and 220°C. Data at 0.04 wt% initiator feed concentration were fit and the resulting f value used to predict results at 0.01 wt% and 0.02 wt%. In accordance with observation, the model predicted that temperature would have no effect on the molecular weight of the extrudate because the comparatively long (≥ 2.8 min) residence time in the extruder permitted degradation reactions to go to completion. The model predictions were found to depend upon the change in molecular weight distribution rather than the absolute value of the distribution data. Predictions were therefore unaffected by concentration correction in size exclusion chromatography interpretation. The model was determined to have a low sensitivity to the value of f. Hence, f was estimated to only ± 25% and it is anticipated that attempts to use the model for comparing different initiators would be limited by this characteristic. Also, because the minimum residence time in the extruder was 2.8 min, the model has yet to be tested against data at times less than this value.
South Africa reports to the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACERWC) : focus on the Child Justice System (2014)

Under article 44 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), State Parties are required to submit an Initial Report within two years of ratification of the Convention and thereafter submit periodic reports every five years. South Africa ratified the CRC on 16th June 1995. Consequently in line with article 44, it submitted its Initial Report to the CRC Committee on 4th December 1997. The Report is available at http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G98/162/94/PDF/G9816294.pdf?OpenElement. The second, third and fourth periodic reports were therefore due in 2000, 2005 and 2010 respectively. Although these long overdue reports are yet to be submitted, the Government has taken steps towards the preparation of these reports (as a combined second, third, and fourth periodic report spanning 1998 to 2014) and it is hoped that they will be submitted to the CRC Committee in 2015.
Isolation and Characterization of Mucin-Like Glycoprotein in Human Milk Fat Globule Membrane (1982)

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) enclosing fat droplets in human milk was found to contain a high molecular weight glycoprotein which did not migrate in 10% acrylamide gel on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). This glycoprotein (termed PAS-0) was isolated by Sepharose CL-4B chromatography. Isolated PAS-0 gave one band on SDS-PAGE using 5% acrylamide gel (acrylamide : bisacrylamide = 4 : 1, w/w) and gave one peak on analytical ultracentrifugation, indicating its homogeneity. PAS-0 was rich in serine, threonine, proline, glycine, and alanine. In contrast, contents of sulfur-containing amino acids were very low. Fucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, and sialic acid were detected as constituent sugars of PAS-0 and the total carbohydrate content was about 50%. Alkali-borohydride treatment suggested that the carbohydrate moiety was linked to the polypeptide core with O-glycosidic bond(s). There results suggested that PAS-0 was a mucin-like glycoprotein. PAS-0 was shown to be resistant to pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin digestion, but susceptible to Pronase and Subtilisin BPN'. Extraction of intact milk fat globules (cream) with MgCl2 and guanidine hydrochloride solutions suggested that PAS-0 was an intrinsic component of MFGM. Digestion of cream with Subtilisin BPN' demonstrated that PAS-0 was located on the external surface of fat globules and was accessible to molecules outside the globules. By agglutination-inhibition tests using eight lectins, PAS-0 was suggested to act as surface receptors for Ricinus communis agglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin and peanut agglutinin.
Food Interaction and Steady‐State Pharmacokinetics of Itraconazole Oral Solution in Healthy Volunteers (1998)

The bioavailability of ITR and OH-ITR is enhanced when ITR oral solution is given in the fasted state; this was true for both single and multiple dosing to steady state.
Electron beam exposure mechanisms in hydrogen silsesquioxane investigated by vibrational spectroscopy and in-situ electron beam induced desorption (2009)

Hydrogen Silsesquioxane (HSQ) is used as a high-resolution resist with resolution down below 10nm half-pitch. This material or materials with related functionalities could have widespread impact in nanolithography and nanoscience applications if the exposure mechanism was understood and instabilities controlled. Here we have directly investigated the exposure mechanism using vibrational spectroscopy (both Raman and Fourier transform Infrared) and electron beam desorption spectrocscopy (EBDS). In the non-networked HSQ system, silicon atoms sit at the corners of a cubic structure. Each silicon is bonded to a hydrogen atom and bridges 3 oxygen atoms (formula: HSiO3/2). For the first time, we have shown, via changes in the Si-H2 peak at ~;;2200 cm -1 in the Raman spectra and the release of SiHx products in EBID, that electron-bam exposed materials crosslinks via a redistribution reaction. In addition, we observe the release of significantly more H2 than SiH2 during EBID, which is indicative of additional reaction mechanisms. Additionally, we compare the behavior of HSQ in response to both thermal and electron-beam induced reactions.
Mobile Interaction with Elevators (2013)

This paper introduces a novel concept to support people flow in complex built environments focusing on mobile interaction with elevators. With the developed mobile application, users can indicate in advance where they are going, while the application handles corresponding elevator calls and informs the user at appropriate times. The application can be configured to meet typical usage patterns and needs, such as quick access to common destinations, scheduled calls based on estimated walk time, and continuous status information of the allocated elevators. The results from formative user studies, including two in-situ user evaluations and a long-term field trial, show that the application can provide added value to its users in complex building environments. Key design issues in this context are to provide greater flexibility in elevator scheduling, and to clearly communicate both the success of the user's commands and elevator status in the mobile interface.
Special-Purpose Computer for Logic Simulation Using Distributed Processing (1982)

This paper presents the architecture of a special-purpose computer for logic simulation using distributed processing. The architecture is based on the utilization of inexpensive microprocessors interconnected by a communication structure. The communication structure is cross-point based for simple evaluations and time-shared parallel bus based for functional evaluations. Analysis is carried out to show that the performance of the proposed simulator is better by over two orders of magnitude than traditional logic simulation carried out on a general-purpose computer. Also, the power of the simulator is proportional to the number of slave processors over a certain range.
Text Detection in Natural Scene Images with Text Line Construction (2018)

This paper implements a new text region recognition algorithm that can accurately localize image text regions in natural image with complex background. The method is mainly based on the anchor mechanism of the faster R-CNN, taking into account the special features of the text area relative to other object detect tasks, so as to convert the text area detection task in the image into a general object detection task for the small area text. In this way, we can detect the text proposal directly in the convolutional feature map of the neural network, and it can simultaneously predict the text/non- text score of the proposal and the coordinates of each proposal in the image. Then we propose a text line construction algorithm that can combine the text regions into complete text line blocks, thus greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of our text detection model. Our text detector also works accurately in multi-scale and multi-lingual text detection tasks. It achieves 0.86 F-measure and 0.78 F-measure on the ICDAR 2011 and ICDAR 2013 benchmarks, which also confirms the accuracy of our model.
Multi-next-hop Switching fabric and scheduling algorithm (2010)

Traditional single next-hop routing has been unable to meet the needs of the increasing network applications. Based on multi-hop routing mechanism, this paper proposes a multi-output Switching fabric and dual pointer maximum-weight-first scheduling algorithm. On the basis of distinguish queuing, the algorithm uses dual pointers to schedule the single output and multi-output packets to achieving distributed scheduling and dynamic matching. Simulation results show that the switching fabric has better delay performance under multi-next-hop routing. The algorithm guarantees throughput and delay performance, meanwhile reducing implementation complexity and improving the processing speed of switching fabric.
Studies on the uptake of fatty acids by brush border membranes of the rabbit intestine (1985)

Initial studies revealed that the uptake of palmitic acid and oleic acid into brush border membranes was similar when these were isolated from either whole small intestine, jejunum, or ileum. The uptake of these fatty acids was somewhat lower with membranes obtained from duodenum. Subsequent studies, all with membranes obtained from whole intestine, indicated an increase in binding with chain length of fatty acid of up to 16 carbons. Unsaturation decreased this uptake somewhat. Taurocholate and 1-palmitoyl lysolecithin had a moderate stimulatory effect on the binding of oleic acid and palmitic acid at concentrations of 10 and 0.5 mM, respectively, and inhibited at higher concentrations. Addition of 1.4 mM egg lecithin to the fatty acid - bile salt micelles, such that the lecithin - bile salt ratio was 0.2, decreased the uptake of fatty acids generally, but did not significantly affect the pattern of binding by membrane fractions isolated from different segments nor did it change the pattern of labelling when fatty acid chain length and unsaturation were varied. At lower concentrations, egg lecithin had little effect on the uptake of oleic acid, whereas dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine stimulated binding of both palmitic acid and oleic acid over the entire range of concentrations tested. Preincubation of the membranes with this saturated phospholipid stimulated the uptake of oleic acid, and addition of this choline lipid to the oleic acid - bile salt containing micelles did not substantially enhance fatty acid uptake in lipid-treated membranes. The binding of fatty acid was very rapid either in the presence or the absence of Ca2+, such that even in zero-time controls essentially equilibrium bindings were obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identification of 7-Phenylaminothieno- [3,2-<i>b</i>]pyridine-6-carbonitriles as a New Class of Src Kinase Inhibitors (2004)

We disclose here a new class of kinase inhibitors, obtained by replacing the phenyl ring of a 3-quinolinecarbonitrile system with a thiophene ring. When suitably substituted, the resultant 7-phenylaminothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile analogues show potent inhibition of Src kinase activity.
[E-vitamin activity of vitamin E derivatives with experimental encephalomalacia in chicks]. (1980)

When adding pharmacopoeian alpha-tocopherylacetate, short-chain alpha-tocopherylacetate, alpha-tocopherylquinine, short-chain alpha-tocopherylquinone and alpha-tocopheronolactone to E-avitaminotic rations pharmacopoeian alpha-tocopherylacetate and alpha-tocopheronolactone manifest the highest E-vitamin activity in preventing encephalomalacia in chickens. The action of alpha-tocopheronolactone is not directly associated with changes in the content of vitamin E and ubiquinone in the brain and liver tissues. All the studied derivatives are effective in increasing resistance of erythrocytes to osmotic hemolysis. The data obtained evidence for a nonspecific function of vitamin E in preventing alimentary encephalomalacia in chickens as well as for the absence of disturbances in ubiquinone metabolism under conditions of the E-hypovitaminosis experimental model.
Two essays on the economics of imperfect information (1988)

Two essays explore the impact of imperfect information on two important models of economic partnerships. The first essay analyzes matching markets under imperfect information by introducing the possibility of signaling behavior by agents. This extension allows the application of matching models to an interesting class of problems, while simultaneously yielding a simple full equilibrium signaling model which admits the possibility of dual-signaling. The resulting theoretical model has a variety of applications, including the analysis of: marriage markets, the formation of international partnership agreements, and signaling and search in labor markets. The analysis demonstrates that imperfect information can have a significant impact on potential matching equilibria. In general, conditions of imperfect information can prevent equilibrium from occurring and , when an equilibrium is possible, may affect the acceptable set of prices and matches. In the second essay, the evolution of strategies in the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma game is studied under both perfect and imperfect information conditions. By applying recent developments from the theory of games and the study of genetic algorithms in computer science, an explicit theoretical and empirical framework is derived. Using this framework, the effect of imperfect information on the development of cooperation and strategic choice can be analyzed. The results of the analysis indicate that information conditions lead to significant differences arising between the evolving strategic environments. The underlying model in both essays is one in which the emergence of cooperation between partners is important. The importance of cooperation is attenuated, however, by inherent incentives for agents to act selfishly. Both essays reveal that an explicit consideration of information results in fundamental modifications of preexisting conclusions, and thus indicates the importance of imperfect information.
Detecting Design Patterns in Object-Oriented Program Source Code by Using Metrics and Machine Learning (2014)

Detecting well-known design patterns in object-oriented program source code can help maintainers understand the design of a program. Through the detection, the understandability, maintainability, and reusability of object-oriented programs can be improved. There are automated detection techniques; however, many existing techniques are based on static analysis and use strict conditions composed on class structure data. Hence, it is difficult for them to detect and distinguish design patterns in which the class structures are similar. Moreover, it is difficult for them to deal with diversity in design pattern applications. To solve these problems in existing techniques, we propose a design pattern detection technique using source code metrics and machine learning. Our technique judges candidates for the roles that compose design patterns by using machine learning and measurements of several metrics, and it detects design patterns by analyzing the relations between candidates. It suppresses false negatives and distinguishes patterns in which the class structures are similar. As a result of experimental evaluations with a set of programs, we confirmed that our technique is more accurate than two conventional techniques.
Pyrotechnic Switch with Fuse Function (2019)

The article will present the combination of a low-voltage fuse with a pyrotechnic switch in compact design. The limited switching capacity of the very simple pyrotechnic switch is increased considerably when combined with a fuse which has classical passive time/current characteristic and high switching capacity. FEM calculations will demonstrate the functional principle and the passive and active characteristics of functional models will be examined. Switching behaviour with different overcurrents in case of passive or active triggering will be discussed on the basis of measuring results. The behaviour of such a fuse with high impulse currents will also be presented.
Modulation of fluorouracil by N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-asparate: a review. (1992)

N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-asparate (PALA), a potent inhibitor of de novo pyrimidine synthesis, was demonstrated in preclinical studies to enhance the therapeutic activity of fluorouracil (5-FU). However, the initial clinical trials with the combination failed to conform to these experimental findings. Very recent clinical studies, employing for the first time the principles for the enhanced therapeutic interaction determined in the preclinical studies, have now reported enhanced efficacy with the PALA-FU combination. Reviewing the lessions of the PALA-FU experience, this article explains the potential benefits as well as the need for biochemical modulation in cancer chemotherapy, the need for the appropriate dosage ratio between agents in modulation-based clinical trials, and the necessity to determine in patients, by direct biochemical measurements at the tissue level, the dose and temporal relationship between agents that reproduces the pertinent biochemical changes in human tumors that produced the therapeutic success of that particular drug combination in the preclinical model.