gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic diversity and biological activity of actinomycetes isolated from Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India (2016)

Marine environmental conditions are extremely different from terrestrial ones, because every class of marine microbes produces a number of bioactive compounds with unique structural features. Of all the marine microbes, the actinomycetes have a special consideration since it produces a novel bioactive compounds. Hence, marine sediments, collected from the coastal areas of Rameshwaram and Dhanushkodi of Tamilnadu state, India, were screened and eighteen isolates were obtained on Starch-Casein agar media by soil dilution technique. However, only seven isolates showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcous aureus. GC-MS results reveal that two compounds N-Isopropyluredo Acetic Acid and Benzene Propanamine, N-(1, 1-Dimethyl Ethyl) - Alpha Methyl - Gamma Phosphate were present in the isolates. Morphological, cultural, biochemical characterization and Gene sequencing indicated that the isolates belong to Streptomyces genus of Actinomycetes. The Phylogenetic study reveals the species name as Steptomyces globosus, and hence the strain is named as VITR004. Therefore, the isolation, characterization of the rare actinomycetes from the coastal areas of Rameshwaram and Dhanushkodi of Tamilnadu state, India will be useful for the discovery of the novel bioactive metabolites that are effective against wide range of pathogens.
A GPU-accelerated face annotation system for smartphones (2010)

Face annotation makes it easy to share and manage digital photos and videos. While state-of-the-art face recognition algorithms can achieve high accuracy to support automatic face annotation, their implementations on an embedded platform cannot achieve real-time performance due to the demanding computational requirement. However, the availability of an embedded GPU in most smartphones offers the opportunity to use it as an accelerator for the face recognition task. In this demonstration, we show that, with acceleration achieved by the embedded low-power GPU, a real-time face annotation system could be realized on an existing off-the-shelf smartphone.
Theory of nucleation and growth during phase separation (1999)

We present a new model for the entire process of phase-separation that combines steady-state homogeneous nucleation theory with the classical Lifshitz-Slyozov mechanism of ripening, modified to account for the substantial correlations among the droplets. A set of self-consistent interface equations describes the decay of metastable states, incorporating naturally the crossover from early-stage nucleation to the late-stage scaling regime without ad hoc assumptions. We present simulation results for both two and three dimensions. We also present a mean-field, Thomas-Fermi approximation that provides an approximate solution to the many-body problem.
Double-immunolabeling systems for phenotyping of immune cells harboring bovine viral diarrhea virus. (1987)

Optimal staining conditions were defined for simultaneous detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and mononuclear leukocyte surface antigens in tissue sections and cytospins. Because of the extreme lability of the virus antigens and the variable stability of the epitopes on the cell differentiation antigens, cryopreservation had to be used. This method gives slightly sub-optimal preservation of morphology. However, the specificity and sensitivity of the immunolabeling ensured reliable identification of the double-labeled cells, i.e., the phenotypic identification of virus-infected cells within the immune system.
Data resource selection in distributed visual information systems (1998)

With the advances in multimedia databases and the popularization of the Internet, it is now possible to access large image and video repositories distributed throughout the world. One of the challenging problems in such access is how the information in the respective databases can be summarized to enable an intelligent selection of relevant database sites based on visual queries. This paper presents an approach to solve this problem based on image content-based indexing of a metadatabase at a query distribution server. The metadatabase records a summary of the visual content of the images in each database through image templates and statistical features characterizing the similarity distributions of the images. The selection of the databases is done by searching the metadatabase using a ranking algorithm that uses the query's similarity to a template and the features of the databases associated with the template. Two selection approaches, termed mean-based and histogram-based approaches, are presented. The database selection mechanisms have been implemented in a metaserver, and extensive experiments have been performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the database selection approaches.
Computation of signal threshold crossing times directly from higher order moments (2005)

This work introduces a simple method for calculating the times at which any signal crosses a pre-specified threshold voltage (e.g. 10%, 20%, 50%, etc.) directly from the moments. The method can use higher order moments to asymptotically improve the accuracy of the estimated crossing times. This technique bypasses the steps involved in calculating poles and residues to obtain time-domain information. Once q moments are calculated, only 2q multiplications and (q-I) additions are required to determine any threshold crossing time at a certain node. Moreover, this technique avoids other problems such as pole instability. Several orders of approximations are presented for different threshold crossing times depending on the number of moments involved. For example, the worst case error of a first to a seventh order (single to seven moments) approximation of 50% RC delay is 1650%, 192.26%, 11.31%, 3.37%, 2.57%, 2.56%, and 1.43%, respectively. If the whole waveform is required it can be easily determined by interpolation between different threshold crossing points. The presented technique works for RC circuits for both step and nonstep inputs, including piecewise linear waveforms.
The infrared spectrum of FeH2, studied in the gas phase by laser magnetic resonance (1999)

The infrared spectrum of the FeH2 radical in the gas phase has been studied in detail between 1605 and 1730 cm−1, by the technique of carbon monoxide laser magnetic resonance. The molecule is formed in an electric discharge through a mixture of H2 and Fe(CO)5 in helium. Many resonances are observed and assigned to transitions in the fundamental band of the antisymmetric stretching vibration 301 and in the associated hot band 211301. In the latter case, each vibrational level is split into two vibronic components. The measurements are used to determine the parameters of an effective Hamiltonian which is capable of modeling the data to within experimental error. The values determined for the band origin and zero-point vibrational constant are: ν3=1674.7203(3) cm−1 and B0=3.075 23(5) cm−1. The data show that the molecule is linear in its ground state and are consistent with an assignment of this state as 5Δg.
Direct Profiling and Imaging of Epicuticular Waxes on Arabidopsis thaliana by Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using Silver Colloid as a Matrix (2009)

Colloidal silver laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry (MS) was employed to directly profile and image epicuticular wax metabolites on a variety of different surfaces of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and flowers. Major cuticular wax compounds, such as very long-chain fatty acids, alcohols, alkanes, and ketones, were successfully detected as silver adduct ions. The surface metabolites of different flower organs (carpels, petals, and sepals) were profiled for the first time at a spatial resolution of approximately 100 microm. In addition, mass spectral profiles and images were collected from wild type and a mutant strain, which carried alleles that affect the surface constituents of this organism. One of these mutant alleles (cer2-2) is in a gene whose biochemical functionality is still unclear, although its effect on normal epicuticular wax deposition was the characteristic that led to its original identification. Variations of wax products between different spatial locations for wild type and for a mutant strain were investigated by normalizing the ion intensities to a reference peak ([(107)Ag + (109)Ag](+)). The spatially resolved surface metabolite profiling data of this mutant has provided new insights into the complexity of epicuticular wax deposition at the cellular-resolution scale. This MS-based metabolite imaging technology has the potential to provide valuable data for dissecting metabolism in multicellular organism at the level of single cells.
Interrupter resistance elucidated by alveolar pressure measurement in open-chest normal dogs (1988)

The interrupter method for measuring respiratory system resistance involves rapidly interrupting flow at the mouth while measuring the pressure just distal to the point of interruption. The pressure signal observed invariably exhibits two distinct phases. The first phase is a very rapid jump, designated delta Pinit, which occurs immediately on interruption of flow. The second phase is designated delta Pdif and is a further pressure change in the same direction as delta Pinit but evolving over several seconds. The physiological interpretations of delta Pinit and delta Pdif have been somewhat unclear. Delta Pinit has been taken to equal the pressure drop across the pulmonary airways, possibly with a contribution from the tissues of the respiratory system. Delta Pdif can arise, in principle, from two sources: gas redistribution throughout the lung after interruption of flow and stress recovery within the tissues. To resolve these issues we performed interruption experiments on anesthetized paralyzed, tracheotomized, open-chest normal dogs during passive expiration while measuring alveolar pressures at three sites with alveolar capsules. We found that, in the absence of the chest wall, delta Pinit reflects only the resistance of the airways and that delta Pdif can be ascribed almost entirely to the stress recovery properties of lung tissues.
Composition of Rice Bran Stearin from Various Refineries Across China (2016)

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the composition of rice bran stearin (RBS) from various refineries across China. Here, we report the physicochemical parameters of RBS. The slip melting point ranged from 20.8 to 35.3 °C. The free fatty acid content (0.05–0.27 %) and peroxide value (0.34–3.70 mequiv oxygen/kg) was quite low, indicating that the RBS was of good quality. The iodine value ranged from 85.8–102.9 g/100 g, indicating a high unsaturated bond content. There was a significant difference in the unsaponifiable matter content (1.20–3.87 %) among RBS samples. The oxidative stability index (OSI) ranged from 0.56 to 5.85 h. The palmitic acid content in RBS refined by molecular distillation was significantly higher than the RBS that was refined physically and chemically. The major triacylglycerol was LLO/OLL, PLL/LPL, OLO, PLP, OOO and POO (L, linoleic acid; O, oleic acid; P, palmitic acid). RBS contained high levels of micronutrients, including total tocopherols (23.3–117.9 mg/100 g), oryzanol (0.1–2.1 %), and total sterols (682.9–1787.3 mg/100 g). Moreover, three different kinds of solid fat curves were distinguished. The results presented here are probably the first report regarding RBS on an industrial scale, meanwhile the potential utilization of RBS is discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of 3,5-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Functionalized Tetraaryloxy Perylene Bisimide and Metal-Directed Self-Assembly (2005)

[structure: see text] New perylene bisimide dyes bearing 3,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole receptor units with different spacers have been synthesized and characterized. The fluorescence and electronic properties of these compounds have been studied. MALDI-TOF, UV-vis, and fluorescence titration experiments proved that monotopic perylene bisimide ligands could be assembled into dimmers by Fe(III) coordination. The coordination properties of the ditopic perylene bisimide ligands have also been studied preliminarily. Furthermore, the SEM images indicated that well-defined nanoscale structures could be fabricated by self-assembly due to metal ion coordination and pi-pi stacking interactions of perylene rings with the help of a proper spacer.
A Refinement Checking Technique for Contract-Based Architecture Designs (2011)

During the development of software intensive systems, typ- ically several models of this system are designed. These various models represent the system structured by different concerns, e. g. abstraction. While these approaches help to cope with complexity, the need of relating the models to one another arises. A major task is to keep model speci- fications consistent and traceable through special relations. The relation of interest for this work is the refinement relation between abstraction levels. In this work we describe a technique to check the validity of these refinement relations with respect to formal behavior/interface specifica- tions of design items. For evaluation, we apply our refinement technique to an industrial example modeled with the contract-based methodology from our previous work.
Cathodoluminescence of rare earth implanted Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>and GeO<sub>2</sub>nanostructures (2011)

Rare earth (RE) doped gallium oxide and germanium oxide micro- and nanostructures, mostly nanowires, have been obtained and their morphological and optical properties have been characterized. Undoped oxide micro- and nanostructures were grown by a thermal evaporation method and were subsequently doped with gadolinium or europium ions by ion implantation. No significant changes in the morphologies of the nanostructures were observed after ion implantation and thermal annealing. The luminescence emission properties have been studied with cathodoluminescence (CL) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Both β-Ga(2)O(3) and GeO(2) structures implanted with Eu show the characteristic red luminescence peak centered at around 610 nm, due to the (5)D(0)-(7)F(2) Eu(3+) intraionic transition. Sharpening of the luminescence peaks after thermal annealing is observed in Eu implanted β-Ga(2)O(3), which is assigned to the lattice recovery. Gd(3+) as-implanted samples do not show rare earth related luminescence. After annealing, optical activation of Gd(3+) is obtained in both matrices and a sharp ultraviolet peak centered at around 315 nm, associated with the Gd(3+) (6)P(7/2)-(8)S(7/2) intraionic transition, is observed. The influence of the Gd ion implantation and the annealing temperature on the gallium oxide broad intrinsic defect band has been analyzed.
RNA Aptamers and Spiegelmers: Synthesis, Purification, and Post‐Synthetic PEG Conjugation (2011)

Abstract This unit describes the solid‐phase synthesis and downstream processing for RNA oligonucleotides with a length of up to 40 to 50 nucleotides on a 1‐ to 4‐mmol scale with subsequent conjugation to PEG using the L ‐RNA spiegelmer NOX‐E36 as an example. Following synthesis and two‐step deprotection, the crude oligonucleotide is purified by preparative reversed‐phase HPLC and desalted by tangential flow ultrafiltration. The resulting intermediate amino‐modified oligonucleotide is reacted with NHS‐ester‐activated PEG, and the oligonucleotide‐PEG conjugate is obtained after preparative AX‐HPLC purification, followed by ultrafiltration and lyophilization. Critical process parameters are described, as well as time considerations and examples for analytical methods used as in‐process and quality controls. Curr. Protoc. Nucleic Acid Chem . 46:4.46.1‐4.46.30. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DISTRIBUTION OF CHOLINERGIC VASOMOTOR NERVES TO THE PARAMETRIAL ARTERIES OF SOME LABORATORY AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS (1971)

Summary. The histochemical localization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing nerves has been determined in the parametrial arterial supplies of dog, cat, rat, rabbit, sheep, pig and cow. The main uterine arteries of dog and pig contained a plexus of nerves which stained for AChE and which were closely applied to the surface of the media. This plexus was absent from the secondary arterial branches. In contrast, the equivalent arteries of rat, cat, rabbit, sheep and cow were devoid of an AChE-positive nerve plexus. In the light of other evidence, it is suggested that the uterine hyperaemia of pregnancy in dog and pig may be partly due to the action of cholinergic vasodilator nerves. Such a mechanism is unlikely to be involved in the other species examined.
Solidification behavior and recovery kinetics of liquid crystalline polymers (1990)

Abstract The supercooling behavior of three thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCP's), 60 mole% p‐hydroxybenzoic acid and 40 mole% poly(ethyleneterephthalate), 60/40 PHB/PET, 80 mole% p‐hydroxybenzoic acid and 20 mole% poly(ethyleneterephthalate), 80/20 PHB/PET and a copolyester of 73 mole% p‐hydroxybenzoic acid and 27 mole% of 2‐hydroxy‐6‐naphthoic acid, Vectra A900, was studied by means of both rheological and thermal methods. 60/40 PHB/PET and Vectra A900 exhibited a degree of supercooling as high as 80°C while there was only 20°C of supercooling for 80/20 PHB/PET. The degree of supercooling for the blends of 60/40 PHB/PET and 80/20 PHB/PET also decreased with the increase in 80/20 PHB/PET content. The increase in G ′ as the temperature decreased was more gradual for 60/40 PHB/PET and Vectra A900 than that for 80/20 PHB/PET, which was beneficial from a processing point of view. The solidification of the LCP melt was attributed to both the crystallization and the freezing of the mesophase. The degree of crystallinity for all three TLCP's was very small, less than 5%, as measured by the DSC. It was found that both 60/40 PHB/PET and Vectra A900 showed an induction period of a few minutes during solidification while 80/20 PHB/PET solidified continuously at the test temperature. Therefore, 60/40 PHB/PET and Vectra A900 seem to be more suitable for use in processes such as blow molding and film blowing than 80/20 PHB/PET.
Force and torque computation from 2-Dand 3-D finiteelement field solutions (1999)

The Coulomb virtual work (CVW) method of force and torque calculation is a relatively recent development which has received little publicised appraisal or validation particularly for three-dimensional situations. The authors outline the CVW method and describe its application to a range of force calculation problems, showing that the CVW method can be superior in accuracy and ease of implementation to the Maxwell stress tensor (MST) method. Results of the two-dimensional CVW, two-dimensional MST, and three-dimensional CVW are compared against either analytical or measured data. The 2-D CVW calculation produces discrepancies against analytical or test results similar to those obtained with the MST method with centroid paths. Comparisons between 2-D, 3-D and analytical or experimental data show that the force or torque computed from the 3-D analysis is in much better agreement with the analytical or experimental data than that obtained from 2-D.
Whole genome scan for habitat‐specific genes by signature‐tagged mutagenesis (minireview) (1998)

Large numbers of new open reading frames can be identified by whole genome sequencing of microbial genomes. Efficient new approaches are required to investigate the role of the putative genes, or to identify genes required in distinct habitats. The novel technique 'signature-tagged mutagenesis' allows the identification of individual mutants within complex pools of mutants. Large numbers of mutants can be analyzed in a parallel manner for negative phenotypes like loss of function or attenuation of virulence. Further analysis of mutations identified by a negative selection procedure can be performed by linking the position of the respective mutations to genes identified by whole genome sequencing of microbes.
Third-order susceptibilities of asymmetric pentaazadentate porphyrin-like metal complexes (1999)

The third-order nonlinear optical properties of a series of asymmetric pentaazadentate porphyrin-like metal complexes ([(R–APPC)M]Cln) with different conjugated R groups and metal centers have been investigated by degenerate four wave mixing experiments using 40 ps laser pulses at 532 nm. The molecular second-order hyperpolarizabilities (γ) for these complexes range from 1.1×10−31 to 1.2×10−30 esu and depend strongly on both the nature of the metal and the R group. The γ values of the [(R–APPC)Cd]Cl complexes are 2–7 times larger than those of PbPc(CP)4 and SiNc, two of the most promising nonlinear optical materials for optical limiting applications. Measurements of the individual components of the χ(3) tensor indicate that the nonlinearity is predominantly electronic in origin when 40 ps laser pulses are used.
An NMR-Derived Model for the Solution Structure of Oxidized Putidaredoxin, a 2-Fe, 2-S Ferredoxin from Pseudomonas (1994)

A model for the solution structure of oxidized putidaredoxin (Pdx), a 106-residue globular protein containing a Fe2S2 cluster, has been determined using homonuclear NMR methods. Pdx is the first of the class of Fe2S2Cys4 ferredoxins which act as electron-transfer partners for P-450 monooxygenases to be structurally characterized, and no crystal structure has been determined for Pdx or for any closely homologous protein. Pdx is the physiological redox partner of cytochrome P-450cam. A total of 878 NOE distance constraints, 66 phi angular constraints derived from NH-C alpha H coupling constants, and five paramagnetic broadening constraints were used in simulated annealing structural refinements to obtain a family of structures with pairwise rms deviations of 1.14 A for backbone atoms and 1.80 A for all non-hydrogen atoms. Paramagnetic broadening of resonances within a ca. 8-A radius of the metal cluster prevents the use of NMR-derived constraints in this region of the protein; structural constraints used to model the environment of the metal cluster were obtained from site-directed mutagenesis and model compounds and by comparison with known ferredoxin structures. Pdx retains a similar folding topology to other structurally characterized Fe2S2Cys4 ferredoxins but differs from the other ferredoxins in containing a significantly more compact structure in the C-terminal half of the protein.
Thyroid Volume and Serum Thyroglobulin Levels in Patients with Acromegaly: Correlation with Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Levels* (1988)

The pathogenesis of the goiter that is frequently found in patients with acromegaly is not known. Using ultrasonic scanning, we measured thyroid volume in 17 euthyroid patients with acromegaly and examined the relationships among thyroid size, plasma GH and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) levels, and serum thyroglobulin (TG) levels. The mean estimated thyroid volume in these 17 patients was 32.8 +/- 15.5 (+/- SD) mL, significantly larger than that in normal subjects (15.4 +/- 3.1 mL), and 64.7% of the patients had multinodular goiter, as identified by ultrasonography. Thyroid volume was positively correlated with plasma GH and IGF-I levels and heel-pad thickness, but not with the serum TSH level. In 7 patients, thyroid volume decreased in association with a decline in plasma GH and IGF-I levels after surgical treatment. The serum TG level was elevated in 7 of the 15 patients in whom it was measured, and the mean value was 51.7 +/- 62.7 (+/- SD) micrograms/L (normal, 12.6 +/- 6.4 micrograms/L). We found no correlations among the serum TG and TSH levels, plasma GH and IGF-I concentrations, and/or thyroid volume. However, serum TG decreased after surgical treatment, just as did plasma IGF-I. These observations together with the results of recent in vitro studies by others suggest that IGF-I is one of the factors involved in goiter formation, but the elevated serum TG levels in acromegaly are controlled not only by IGF-I but also by other factors.