gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An approach to key management and inter-domain authentication in the telecommunications management network (2002)

In this paper a key management approach and a method for secure and authentic inter-domain communications are presented within the context of the telecommunications management network (TMN). The TMN components are divided into domains and public keys of components are distributed on a per-domain basis. The approach has the advantage of reducing the number of keys that need to be delivered whenever old keys expire and new ones are generated. In addition, the division into domains allows the effects due to attacks to the components in a domain to be contained within that domain. Interdomain communications is established by applying a 2-Phase Certification Server as a bridge of authority between two communicating components in differing domains. The solution has the advantage of allowing each domain authority to maintain control over its domain by rejecting foreign messages of suspicions origin. Although presented in the context of the TMN, the approach is general enough to be applicable to other forms of networks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Two-terminal monolithic InP/InGaAsP tandem solar cells with tunneling intercell ohmic connections (2002)

A monolithic two-terminal InP/InGaAsP tandem solar cell has been successfully fabricated by two-step liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) growth. This tandem solar cell consists of a 1.35-eV p/n InP homojunction top subcell and a 0.95 eV p/n InGaAsP homojunction bottom subcell. A patterned 0.95 eV n/sup +//p/sup +/ InGaAsP tunnel diode was employed as an intercell ohmic connection. The open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor exhibited by the best device under one sun, AM1.5 global illumination were 1.363 V, 13.85 mA/cm/sup 2/, and 0.786, respectively; with a total-area power conversion efficiency of 14.8%. The InP/InGaAsP tandem structure demonstrated could be useful for the future development of a monolithic, two-terminal, InP-based three-junction tandem solar cell with projected conversion efficiency exceeding 30%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimal bit allocation for biorthogonal wavelet coding (2002)

This paper shows how to derive bit allocations for biorthogonal wavelet coders which result in minimum reconstruction error. It is shown that the effect of using biorthogonal filters is to weight the amount of quantization error which appears in the reconstructed output. The amount of weighting can be determined from the biorthogonal filters used and is a measure of the closeness of the biorthogonal filters to the class of orthogonal filters. Once the weights are computed, they can be used to derive bit allocations which minimize the output mean square error (MSE). These results extend previous results since no bit allocation procedures have been proposed for biorthogonal wavelet coders which minimize the MSE.
Robust Distributed Noise Reduction in Hearing Aids with External Acoustic Sensor Nodes (2009)

The benefit of using external acoustic sensor nodes for noise reduction in hearing aids is demonstrated in a simulated acoustic scenario with multiple sound sources. A distributed adaptive node-specific signal estimation (DANSE) algorithm, that has a reduced communication bandwidth and computational load, is evaluated. Batch-mode simulations compare the noise reduction performance of a centralized multi-channel Wiener filter (MWF) with DANSE. In the simulated scenario, DANSE is observed not to be able to achieve the same performance as its centralized MWF equivalent, although in theory both should generate the same set of filters. A modification to DANSE is proposed to increase its robustness, yielding smaller discrepancy between the performance of DANSE and the centralized MWF. Furthermore, the influence of several parameters such as the DFT size used for frequency domain processing and possible delays in the communication link between nodes is investigated.
Adaptive Immunity against Leishmania Nucleoside Hydrolase Maps Its C-Terminal Domain as the Target of the CD4+ T Cell–Driven Protective Response (2010)

Nucleoside hydrolases (NHs) show homology among parasite protozoa, fungi and bacteria. They are vital protagonists in the establishment of early infection and, therefore, are excellent candidates for the pathogen recognition by adaptive immune responses. Immune protection against NHs would prevent disease at the early infection of several pathogens. We have identified the domain of the NH of L. donovani (NH36) responsible for its immunogenicity and protective efficacy against murine visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Using recombinant generated peptides covering the whole NH36 sequence and saponin we demonstrate that protection against L. chagasi is related to its C-terminal domain (amino-acids 199-314) and is mediated mainly by a CD4+ T cell driven response with a lower contribution of CD8+ T cells. Immunization with this peptide exceeds in 36.73±12.33% the protective response induced by the cognate NH36 protein. Increases in IgM, IgG2a, IgG1 and IgG2b antibodies, CD4+ T cell proportions, IFN-γ secretion, ratios of IFN-γ/IL-10 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and percents of antibody binding inhibition by synthetic predicted epitopes were detected in F3 vaccinated mice. The increases in DTH and in ratios of TNFα/IL-10 CD4+ producing cells were however the strong correlates of protection which was confirmed by in vivo depletion with monoclonal antibodies, algorithm predicted CD4 and CD8 epitopes and a pronounced decrease in parasite load (90.5-88.23%; p = 0.011) that was long-lasting. No decrease in parasite load was detected after vaccination with the N-domain of NH36, in spite of the induction of IFN-γ/IL-10 expression by CD4+ T cells after challenge. Both peptides reduced the size of footpad lesions, but only the C-domain reduced the parasite load of mice challenged with L. amazonensis. The identification of the target of the immune response to NH36 represents a basis for the rationale development of a bivalent vaccine against leishmaniasis and for multivalent vaccines against NHs-dependent pathogens.
Design of an Optical Power and Wavelength Splitter Based on Subwavelength Waveguides (2014)

A plasmonic T-shaped metal-insulator-metal waveguide followed by two or four output waveguides with ultranarrow silica slits is proposed to serve as an optical power and wavelength splitter in compact footprint. When the lengths of all silica slits are identical, uniform transmittances and identical center wavelengths are observed at all the output waveguides, and they can be tuned by changing the positions and the lengths of the slits, respectively. In addition, the proposed structure can also be used as a multichannel wavelength splitter by employing the resonance characteristics of the slits. When the silica slits are different in length, a transmission peak with a specific center wavelength will be achieved at the corresponding output waveguide, such that different wavelengths are splitted, respectively. The performances of the proposed power/wavelength splitter are demonstrated by using the finite-difference time-domain method.
DLC-1 is deleted in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and exerts inhibitory effects on the proliferation of hepatoma cell lines with deleted DLC-1. (2000)

We investigated the expression and deletion of DLC-1 (frequently deleted in liver cancer gene), first reported in 1998 and having a high homology with rat p122RhoGAP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Six (20%) of 30 human HCC samples and 2 (40%) of 5 HCC cell lines were found to have no detectable DLC-1 expression by reverse transcription-PCR. Homozygous DLC-1 deletion was detected by Southern blotting in two of six HCC samples and in both HCC cell lines with no DLC-1 expression. Transfection of DLC-1 into 5 HCC cell lines (two with DLC-1 deletion and three with intact DLC-1) showed significant growth inhibition in these two HCC cell lines with deleted DLC-1 with both 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and colony formation assays but not in three other HCC cell lines with intact DLC-1. Our findings suggest that DLC-1 may play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Introduction to Operations Research (1968)

Overview of the operations research modelling approach introduction to linear programming solving linear programming problems - the Simplex Method the theory of the Simplex Method duality theory and sensitivity analysis other algorithms for linear programming the transportation and assignment problems network analysis, including Pert-CPM dynamic programming game theory integer programming non-linear programming Markov chains queueing theory the application of queueing theory inventory theory forecasting Markovian decision processes and applications decision analysis simulation.
Hunting Stability of the Three Axle Locomotive Truck (1978)

The hunting stability of the 3-axle locomotive truck is evaluated, using a linear eleven degree of freedom model. Predictions from the model are validated with test data, and the effects of wheel profile and secondary suspension damping on hunting stability are shown.
The PACE of Change Proteome editing could help treat diseases that antibodies and drug therapies cannot reach (2021)

At a time when a global vaccine program is being rolled out at unprecedented speed, the world is more aware than ever before of the wonders of medical science. There are, however, many diseases that remain beyond the reach of modern medicine and the potency of some of our most widely used therapies are waning.
On Fault Tolerance for Distributed Iterative Dataflow Processing (2017)

Large-scale graph and machine learning analytics widely employ distributed iterative processing. Typically, these analytics are a part of a comprehensive workflow, which includes data preparation, model building, and model evaluation. General-purpose distributed dataflow frameworks execute all steps of such workflows holistically. This holistic view enables these systems to reason about and automatically optimize the entire pipeline. Here, graph and machine learning analytics are known to incur a long runtime since they require multiple passes over the data until convergence is reached. Thus, fault tolerance and a fast-recovery from any intermittent failure is critical for efficient analysis. In this paper, we propose novel fault-tolerant mechanisms for graph and machine learning analytics that run on distributed dataflow systems. We seek to reduce checkpointing costs and shorten failure recovery times. For graph processing, rather than writing checkpoints that block downstream operators, our mechanism writes checkpoints in an unblocking manner that does not break pipelined tasks. In contrast to the conventional approach for unblocking checkpointing (e.g., that manage checkpoints independently for immutable datasets), we inject the checkpoints of mutable datasets into the iterative dataflow itself. Hence, our mechanism is iteration-aware by design. This simplifies the system architecture and facilitates coordinating checkpoint creation during iterative graph processing. Moreover, we are able to rapidly rebound, via confined recovery, by exploiting the fact that log files exist locally on healthy nodes and managing to avoid a complete recomputation from scratch. In addition, we propose replica recovery for machine learning algorithms, whereby we employ a broadcast variable that enables us to quickly recover without having to introduce any checkpoints. In order to evaluate our fault tolerance strategies, we conduct both a theoretical study and experimental analyses using Apache Flink and discover that they outperform blocking checkpointing and complete recovery.
[Pattern of distribution of apolipoproteins A and B in the lipoprotein fractions of serum in pregnant patients and post partum]. (1988)

Investigating the for gestationally caused changes and their restitution p. partum we determined in 104 women without metabolic disorders the apolipoproteins A and B respectively in serum, in the main lipoprotein fractions VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL and in the "rest protein" remaining after separation of the lipoproteins from the serum. In gestation there is an increase in the serum level of apo A of about 30% (p less than 0.001) reaching its maximum in the middle period of pregnancy. The post partal restitution of these changes takes more than 5 weeks happening faster at primarily delactated women. Gestational changes concerning apo A are only caused by a 30% higher concentration of apo A in HDL (p less than 0.001). The serum level of apo B seems to increase continuously meanwhile gestation reaching its maximum from about 60% (p less than 0.001) at the term. The restitution of the gestational changes concerning apo B also requires more than 5 weeks showing no dependence from lactation. The changes of serum apo B are quantitatively most influenced by the 45% higher concentration of apo B in LDL (p less than 0.001), despite the marked changes of apo B in relation to the nonpregnant comparative group found in VLDL and IDL respectively with either 270% (each p less than 0.001). Hyperbetalipoproteinemia in pregnancy was proved in 32%, but in no case the ratio apo B/apo A showed pathological values, because of also raised levels of apo A in these women. By this astonishing phenomenon the gestational hyperlipoproteinemia is characterized as an autonomic metabolic situation, which represents no earlier described type according to the Fredrickson classification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Automatic Classification of Artifactual ICA-Components for Artifact Removal in EEG Signals (2011)

We propose a universal and efficient classifier of ICA components for the subject independent removal of artifacts from EEG data. Based on linear methods, it is applicable for different electrode placements and supports the introspection of results. Trained on expert ratings of large data sets, it is not restricted to the detection of eye- and muscle artifacts. Its performance and generalization ability is demonstrated on data of different EEG studies.
Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. (1990)

The objective of prophylaxis in venous thromboembolism is, first, to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism and, second, to reduce the morbidity associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the postphlebitic limb. This should now be standard practice for most patients over 40 years of age undergoing major surgery and for younger patients with a history of venous thromboembolism. Particularly high-risk groups include patients over 60 years of age undergoing major surgery, those with malignancy, and those requiring hip operations. Low-dose subcutaneous heparin 5,000 IU commencing 2 hours preoperatively and continuing 12 hourly until the patient is fully mobile is unequivocally effective in preventing DVT in medical and surgical patients and, most importantly, significantly reduces the incidence of fatal postoperative pulmonary embolism and total mortality. Such prophylaxis, in the presence of established DVT, also limits proximal clot propagation, which is the precursor of major pulmonary embolism. Low-dose heparin prophylaxis is associated with a small risk of bleeding complications, evidenced mostly by an increased frequency of wound hematoma rather than major clinical hemorrhage. Low molecular weight heparin fragments (e.g., Fragmin, Choay, Enoxaparine) are emerging as useful alternative agents, having the advantage of once daily administration and yet providing similar efficacy in the prevention of DVT. Mechanical methods of prevention which counteract venous stasis, such as graduated elastic compression stockings, are also useful in protecting against DVT but have not been shown to prevent fatal postoperative pulmonary embolism. They are recommended particularly for patients in whom heparin prophylaxis is best avoided (e.g., neurosurgery) and possibly in combination with heparin in very high-risk patients.
Embedding of multidimensional time-dependent observations (2001)

A method is proposed to reconstruct dynamic attractors by embedding of multivariate observations of dynamic nonlinear processes. The Takens embedding theory is combined with independent component analysis to transform the embedding into a vector space of linearly independent vectors (phase variables). The method is successfully tested against prediction of the unembedded state vector in two case studies of simulated chaotic processes.
A pre-estimation filtering process of bad data for linear power systems state estimators using PMUs (2014)

The paper proposes a specific algorithm for the pre-estimation filtering of bad data (BD) in PMU-based power systems linear State Estimators (SEs). The approach is framed in the context of the so-called real-time SEs that take advantage of the high measurement frame rate made available by PMUs (i.e., 50-60 frames per second). In particular, the proposed algorithm examines PMU measurement innovations for each new received set of data in order to locate anomalies and apply countermeasures. The detection and identification scheme is based on: (i) the forecasted state of the network obtained by means of a linear Kalman filter, (ii) the current network topology, (iii) the accuracy of the measurement devices and (iv) their location. The incoming measurement from each PMU is considered reliable, or not, according to a dynamic threshold defined as a function of the confidence of the predicted state estimated by using an AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) process. The performances of the proposed algorithm are validated with respect to single and multiple bad data of different nature and magnitudes. Furthermore, the algorithm is also tested against faults occurring in the power system to show its robustness during these unexpected operating conditions.
Engine control system using a cylinder pressure sensor (1989)

Individual cylinder combustion control systems using a cylinder pressure sensor have already been introduced to realise highly tolerant system to the variability of engine components, fuel quality and environmental conditions. The paper deals with such an application of a cylinder pressure sensor to air/fuel ratio control, which is to control air/fuel ratio to the lean limit of engine stability. To detect the engine stability limit, some statistical signal processing method was applied to the detected peak pressure crank angle position Θpmax. By using this method, this system needs only relative cylinder pressure value to detect Θpmax, hence a practical piezoelectric type washer transducer was good enough for this application.
Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis by Anti-Retrovirals Raltegravir and Maraviroc Protects against HIV-1 Vaginal Transmission in a Humanized Mouse Model (2010)

Sexual HIV-1 transmission by vaginal route is the most predominant mode of viral transmission, resulting in millions of new infections every year. In the absence of an effective vaccine, there is an urgent need to develop other alternative methods of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Many novel drugs that are currently approved for clinical use also show great potential to prevent viral sexual transmission when administered systemically. A small animal model that permits rapid preclinical evaluation of potential candidates for their systemic PrEP efficacy will greatly enhance progress in this area of investigation. We have previously shown that RAG-hu humanized mouse model permits HIV-1 mucosal transmission via both vaginal and rectal routes and displays CD4 T cell loss typical to that seen in the human. Thus far systemic PrEP studies have been primarily limited to RT inhibitors exemplified by tenofovir and emtricitabine. In these proof-of-concept studies we evaluated two new classes of clinically approved drugs with different modes of action namely, an integrase inhibitor raltegravir and a CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc as potential systemically administered chemo-prophylactics. Our results showed that oral administration of either of these drugs fully protects against vaginal HIV-1 challenge in the RAG-hu mouse model. Based on these results both these drugs show great promise for further development as orally administered PrEPs.
How to select drilling fluids for horizontal wells (1993)

The practice of drilling horizontal (or near horizontal) to obtain more cost effective production has been very popular in recent years. A number of case histories are presented to illustrate the practical applications. The critical factors that should be considered at the well planning stage are identified, and the degree to which the different drilling fluid types affect these concerns are addressed. There is nothing absolute about drilling fluid design for use in horizontal applications. Factors requiring special consideration when drilling a vertical hole become even more critical when a horizontal hole is drilled through the same formations. There is nothing absolute about drilling fluid design for use in horizontal applications. Factors requiring special consideration when drilling a vertical hole become even more critical when a horizontal hole is drilled through the same formations. Hole cleaning, suspension, lubricity, formation stabilization, rig capability and producer protection must all be addressed as matters of primary concern. Intimate knowledge of formation types and characteristics is required for rational fluid design to be undertaken. It is possible to effectively clean lateral hole sections with fluids designed to be applied in either laminar or turbulent flow. Mechanical integrity will determine whether the latter regime maymore » reasonably be applied.« less
Potent army worm antifeedants from the east African Warburgia plants (1976)

Chemical investigation of antifeedant compounds from Warburgia plants has led to the isolation and characterization of polygodial, ugandensidial, and the unknown warburganal, which exhibit very strong antifeedant activity against the African army worm.
Normal incident SiGe/Si multiple quantum well infrared detector (2002)

A long-wavelength ( approximately 10- mu m) quantum-well (QW) infrared detector with normal incident detection was fabricated using p-type Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//Si multiple QWs. Photocurrent is measured as a function of the incident beam polarization. With a beam polarized parallel to the growth plane (90 degrees polarization, normal incidence), a photocurrent peak is observed at near 7.2 mu m with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 80 meV. On the other hand, when the beam is polarized along the growth direction (0 degrees polarization), a peak is observed at near 8.6 mu m with FWHM of about 80 meV. With the non-optimized detector, the peak photoresponsivity of 0.3 A/W and detectivity of D* approximately 1.0*10/sup 9/cm square root Hz/W at 77 K are obtained for both polarizations. The results of normal incident detection demonstrate the feasibility of Si-based long-wavelength IR detectors and focal plane arrays with the advantage of monolithic integration with Si integrated circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>