gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PCR for bioaerosol monitoring: sensitivity and environmental interference (1995)

The PCR technique has potential for use in detection of low concentrations of airborne microorganisms. In this study, the sensitivity of PCR and its susceptibility to environmental interference were assessed with Escherichia coli DH1 as the target organism. Air samples, containing environmental bioaerosols, were collected with AGI-30 samplers and seeded with E. coli DH1 cells. Parallel studies were performed with cells seeded into the sampler prior to collection of air samples to determine the effects of environmental inhibition and sampling stress on the PCR assay. Baseline studies were also performed without environmental challenge or sampling stress to compare two protocols for cell lysis, solid phase and freeze-thaw. Amplification of a plasmid target sequence resulted in a detection limit of a single bacterial cell by the freeze-thaw and solid-phase methods within 5 and 9 h, respectively. With a genomic target, the sensitivity of the solid-phase method was 10-fold lower than that of freeze-thaw. Samples which contained 10(3) to 10(4) CFU of environmental organisms per m3 inhibited amplification; however, a 1/10 dilution of these samples resulted in successful amplifications. No difference in sensitivity of the PCR assay was obtained as a result of sampling stress, although a 10-fold decrease in culturability was observed. A field validation of the protocol with genomic primers demonstrated the presence of airborne E. coli and/or Shigella spp. in outdoor samples. This study indicates that the PCR method for detection of airborne microorganisms is rapid and sensitive and can be used as an alternative method for air quality monitoring.
Synthesis of ammonia directly from air and water at ambient temperature and pressure (2013)

The N≡N bond (225 kcal mol⁻¹) in dinitrogen is one of the strongest bonds in chemistry therefore artificial synthesis of ammonia under mild conditions is a significant challenge. Based on current knowledge, only bacteria and some plants can synthesise ammonia from air and water at ambient temperature and pressure. Here, for the first time, we report artificial ammonia synthesis bypassing N₂ separation and H₂ production stages. A maximum ammonia production rate of 1.14 × 10⁻⁵ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ has been achieved when a voltage of 1.6 V was applied. Potentially this can provide an alternative route for the mass production of the basic chemical ammonia under mild conditions. Considering climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels used for synthesis of ammonia by conventional methods, this is a renewable and sustainable chemical synthesis process for future.
Anisotropy, homogeneity and ageing in an SLS polymer (2011)

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to rigorously determine the tensile properties of a selective laser sintering (SLS) material. Emphasis was placed on the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the material, the repeatability of the SLS process, and the effect of age (actually moisture absorption) on the material properties. Design/methodology/approach – Two builds of 144 dogbone tensile specimens each were tested, with 18 specimens stored for 43 days in a non‐desiccated environment before testing. Specimens were distributed throughout the build volume and aligned with the apparatus' principal axes. Tensile properties were treated statistically, using the t‐test to determine the differences between various samples. Findings – The material was transversely isotropic in Young's modulus and strain to failure, and generally orthotropic in ultimate tensile strength. The material was inhomogeneous throughout the build volume and affected by age, with a 57 per cent reduction in University of Technology after 43 days (the changes in properties were suggested to be due to moisture absorption). Properties varied by up to 25 per cent from build‐to‐build with no change in nominal process parameters. Research limitations/implications – It was not possible to confirm the "ageing" effect was caused by moisture absorption, and further work is suggested in this area. The causes of inhomogeneity and the effect of re‐coater action should also be studied further. Originality/value – This is the most complete study of an SLS material's mechanical properties to date. The statistical analyses used further allow increased confidence in the conclusions drawn. This is also the only study to use cross‐fill scanning to produce specimens, and, therefore, isolate the effect of the re‐coater action.
Structure and Capsid Association of the Herpesvirus Large Tegument Protein UL36 (2010)

The tegument of all herpesviruses contains a high-molecular-weight protein homologous to herpes simplex virus (HSV) UL36. This large (3,164 amino acids), essential, and multifunctional polypeptide is located on the capsid surface and present at 100 to 150 copies per virion. We have been testing the idea that UL36 is important for the structural organization of the tegument. UL36 is proposed to bind directly to the capsid with other tegument proteins bound indirectly by way of UL36. Here we report the results of studies carried out with HSV type 1-derived structures containing the capsid but lacking a membrane and depleted of all tegument proteins except UL36 and a second high-molecular-weight protein, UL37. Electron microscopic analysis demonstrated that, compared to capsids lacking a tegument, these capsids (called T36 capsids) had tufts of protein located at the vertices. Projecting from the tufts were thin, variably curved strands with lengths (15 to 70 nm) in some cases sufficient to extend across the entire thickness of the tegument (approximately 50 nm). Strands were sensitive to removal from the capsid by brief sonication, which also removed UL36 and UL37. The findings are interpreted to indicate that UL36 and UL37 are the components of the tufts and of the thin strands that extend from them. The strand lengths support the view that they could serve as organizing features for the tegument, as they have the potential to reach all parts of the tegument. The variably curved structure of the strands suggests they may be flexible, a property that could contribute to the deformable nature of the tegument.
Total-body creatine pool size and skeletal muscle mass determination by creatine-(<i>methyl</i>-d<sub>3</sub>) dilution in rats (2012)

There is currently no direct, facile method to determine total-body skeletal muscle mass for the diagnosis and treatment of skeletal muscle wasting conditions such as sarcopenia, cachexia, and disuse. We tested in rats the hypothesis that the enrichment of creatinine-(methyl-d(3)) (D(3)-creatinine) in urine after a defined oral tracer dose of D(3)-creatine can be used to determine creatine pool size and skeletal muscle mass. We determined 1) an oral tracer dose of D(3)-creatine that was completely bioavailable with minimal urinary spillage and sufficient enrichment in the body creatine pool for detection of D(3)-creatine in muscle and D(3)-creatinine in urine, and 2) the time to isotopic steady state. We used cross-sectional studies to compare total creatine pool size determined by the D(3)-creatine dilution method to lean body mass determined by independent methods. The tracer dose of D(3)-creatine (<1 mg/rat) was >99% bioavailable with 0.2-1.2% urinary spillage. Isotopic steady state was achieved within 24-48 h. Creatine pool size calculated from urinary D(3)-creatinine enrichment at 72 h significantly increased with muscle accrual in rat growth, significantly decreased with dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, was correlated with lean body mass (r = 0.9590; P < 0.0001), and corresponded to predicted total muscle mass. Total-body creatine pool size and skeletal muscle mass can thus be accurately and precisely determined by an orally delivered dose of D(3)-creatine followed by the measurement of D(3)-creatinine enrichment in a single urine sample and is promising as a noninvasive tool for the clinical determination of skeletal muscle mass.
Polyelectrolyte Complexes of Heparin with Chitosan (1973)

It was found that the dilute aqueous solution of heparin was mixed with dilute acetic acid soiution of chitosan (O.25 g/dl) to form a water insoluble hydrous precipitate which Miekka called polysalt. When more concentrated solution (0.5 g/dl) of chitosan was mixed withheparin solutien, a finely colloidal precipitate was formed.From sulfur content in the polyelectrolyte complex determined by elernentary analysis, the composition ratios of chitosan structurai unit to heparin structural unit in polyelectrolyte complex No.1, 2, 3, 4 were estimated to be 6.0: 1, 5.3: 1, 3.4: 1and 2.7: 1, respectively.Formation of the polyeleetrolyte complex wasfou nd to originate in the strong electrestatic attraction between oppositely charged molecules from the results of IR spectrescopic studies.The polyelectrolyte complex was soluble by heating it in the ternary selvent containing water-hydrochleric acid-methanol, water-potassium bremide-acetone or formic acid alone.The polyelectrolyte complex (No.2 in Table 1) enhanced the coagulation of blood.
Touch modality interpretation for an EIT-based sensitive skin (2011)

During social interaction, humans extract important information from tactile stimuli that improves their understanding of the interaction. The development of a similar capacity in a robot will contribute to the future success of intuitive human-robot interaction. This paper presents a method of touch sensing based on the principle of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) that can be used to implement a large, flexible and stretchable artificial sensitive skin for robots. A classifier based on the “LogitBoost” algorithm is used to classify the modality of six different types of touch on an experimental EIT-based skin. Experiments showed that the modality of touch was correctly classified in approximately 80% of the trials. This is comparable with the experimental accuracy of a human touch recipient. The classification accuracies show significant improvements from previous classification algorithms applied to different artificial sensitive skins.
The measurement and control of helicopter blade modal response using blade-mounted accelerometers (1987)

In this study, a full organic and water-soluble material was synthesized by coupling low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI-800) with cyclotriveratrilene (CTV). The water-soluble cross-linked polymer contains hydrophobic holes with a high coordination capability towards different organic drug molecules. The coordinating capability towards hydrophilic drugs (doxorubicin, gatifloxacin and sinomenine) and hydrophobic drugs (camptothecin and celastrol) was analyzed in an aqueous medium by using NMR, UV-Vis and emission spectroscopies. The coordination of drug molecules with the armed CTV unit through hydrophobic interactions was observed. In particular, celastrol exhibited more ionic interactions with the PEI moiety of the hosting system. In the case of doxorubicin, the host-guest detachment was induced by the addition of ammonium chloride, suggesting that the intracellular environment can facilitate the release of the drug molecules.
Power-driven challenges in nanometer design (2001)

Addressing fundamental challenges to designing high-performance ICs in nanometer-scale technologies, the authors advocate a flexible approach to limiting both dynamic and static power. They recommend global-signaling strategies to curb communication power requirements and thermal management techniques to ease the burden on packaging.
Molecular Imaging of Inflammation/Infection: Nuclear Medicine and Optical Imaging Agents and Methods (2010)

Nuclear medicine imaging offers the possibility to study in vivo different aspects of inflammatory process by the use of radio-labeled molecules that bind to specific receptor targets on cells and tissues. This noninvasive technique, combined with pathogens engineered to express luciferase, allows quantification in the same animal of the spatial and temporal progression of the infection and identification of animal-to-animal variations in pathogen replication and dissemination. One strategy to use optical imaging in living animals is the use of luciferase reporter genes as internal sources of light called bioluminescence imaging (BLI). This enables real-time noninvasive imaging of infections and gene expression in living organisms. Nuclear medicine imaging is characterized by the use of radio pharmaceuticals (radiolabeled probes) that, administered in pico- and nanomolar amounts. These probes can also be used for early diagnosis of diseases, in susceptible subjects, for detection of disease relapse and radio-guided surgery.
CD123 expression patterns and selective targeting with a CD123-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (IMGN632) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2018)

The potential of CD123-targeted therapies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma remains largely unexplored. We examined CD123 expression levels in a large cohort of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and assessed the <i>in vitro</i> impact of IMGN632, a conjugate of CD123-binding antibody with a novel DNA-alkylating payload. CD123 expression on leukemic blasts was surveyed using multicolor/multiparameter flow cytometry. The <i>in vitro</i> effect of IMGN632 was evaluated on B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cell lines and primary B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma blasts. The study cohort (n=213) included 183 patients with B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and 30 with T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. CD123 expression was more prevalent in B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma than in T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (164/183, 89.6% <i>versus</i> 13/30, 43.3%; <i>P</i><0.0001), and within B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma CD123 expression was more prevalent in Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients than in Philadelphia chromosome-negative patients (96.6% <i>versus</i> 86.3%; <i>P</i>=0.033). In T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, 12/13 (92.3%) patients with CD123-positive blasts had either early T precursor (ETP) or early non-ETP immunophenotype. IMGN632 was highly cytotoxic to B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cell lines, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>) between 0.6 and 20 pM. In five of eight patients' samples, low picomolar concentrations of IMGN632 eliminated more than 90% of the B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma blast population, sparing normal lymphocytes. In conclusion, CD123 expression is prevalent across acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma subtypes, and the CD123-targeted antibody-drug conjugate IMGN632 demonstrates promising selective activity in preclinical models of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.
A novel Ricean fading channel model with random K factor (2012)

In this paper we develop a new model of Ricean fading channel. Instead of commonly used fading model, where only instantaneous signal to noise ratio (SNR) is assumed to be random variable, we introduce additional random variable - Ricean K factor. Probability density function (PDF) and moment generating function (MGF) of such a new distribution are derived. We also analyze the impact of randomly changing Ricean K factor on statistical behavior and system performance of a wireless communication system. Then the average bit error rate (BER) and outage probability (OP) are obtained for single channel wireless systems.
Diagnosis and treatment of 39 cases of acute coronary syndrome (2012)

Objective To investigate the clinical features of acute coronary syndrome.Methods The coronary angiography,interventional and drug treatment clinical data of 39 patients with acute coronary syndrome from June 2008 to June 2011 in our hospital were retrospective analyzed.Results In our study,there were 4 cases ( 10.26％ ) of hospital deaths.All of the dead patients were acute myocardial infarction,and were not given thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary intervention.Other 35 patients were treated and discharged from hospital after their condition improved (89.74％ ).Conclusions Only by increasing the vigilance for acute coronary syndrome,improving the level of awareness and treatment ability for the disease,and actively using the effective standardized treatments,can we lay a solid foundation for the treatment,and reduce the mortality and morbidity of acute coronary syndrome effctively.

Key words: 
Acute coronary syndrome; Antithrombotic therapy; Thrombolytic therapy
Lipoxin A4 metabolism by differentiated HL-60 cells and human monocytes: Conversion to novel 15-oxo and dihydro products (1993)

Lipoxins are tetraene-containing eicosanoids that possess biological activity in several organ systems. To determine their route of further metabolism, [11,12-3H]lipoxin A4 was prepared and incubated with human neutrophils, promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells, and adherent monocytes. Intact neutrophils and undifferentiated HL-60 cells did not significantly metabolize [11,12-3H]LXA4, while HL-60 cells differentiated with PMA to monocyte/macrophage lineage rapidly (< 15 s) transformed this eicosanoid. The major radiolabeled LXA4-derived metabolites were characterized by physical methods and were shown to be 15-oxo-LXA4, 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-LXA4, and 13,14-dihydro-LXA4. Substrate competition with cell-free supernatants from differentiated HL-60 cells suggests that lipoxins compete for 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity or an equivalent enzyme system. In addition, adherent monocytes exposed to [11,12-3H]LXA4 rapidly metabolized (> 60% within 30 s) the label to its oxo and dihydro derivatives. These results indicate that, unlike leukotrienes, LXA4 is subject to dehydrogenation and reduction of its conjugated tetraene to form triene-containing products. Moreover, they suggest that monocytes participate in lipoxin metabolism in their local milieu.
Determination of Nucleotide Sequences in DNA (2004)

Research Article| August 17 2005 Determination of Nucleotide Sequences in DNA Frederick Sanger Frederick Sanger 1Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, CB2 2QH, Cambridge, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1573-4935 Print ISSN: 0144-8463 © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.2005 Biosci Rep (2004) 24 (4-5): 237–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2733-8 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Frederick Sanger; Determination of Nucleotide Sequences in DNA. Biosci Rep 10 August 2004; 24 (4-5): 237–253. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2733-8 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBioscience Reports Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.2005 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
A Chaos-based Image Encryption Scheme Using 3D Skew Tent Map and Coupled Map Lattice (2012)

This paper proposes a chaos-based image encryption scheme where one 3D skew tent map with three control parameters is utilized to generate chaotic orbits applied to scramble the pixel positions while one coupled map lattice is employed to yield random gray value sequences to change the gray values so as to enhance the security. Experimental results have been carried out with detailed analysis to demonstrate that the proposed image encryption scheme possesses large key space to resist bruteforce attack and possesses good statistical properties to frustrate statistical analysis attacks. Experiments are also performed to illustrate the robustness against malicious attacks like cropping, noising, JPEG compression.
Sampling of stack gas for sulfur dioxide with a molecular sieve adsorbent (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSampling of stack gas for sulfur dioxide with a molecular sieve adsorbentColin D. Chriswell and Douglas T. GjerdeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1982, 54, 11, 1911–1913Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00248a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00248a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Purification and characterization of p93fes- and p60src-related tyrosine protein kinase activities in differentiated HL-60 leukemia cells. (1987)

Two tyrosine protein kinase activities have been identified previously to be present in HL-60 leukemia cells during induction of granulocytic and monocytic differentiation with a variety of differentiating agents. We have copurified a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase (p93) and an activity associated with both the cytosol and membrane fractions (p60). Triton X-100 extracts from HL-60 cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide were subjected to tyrosine-agarose chromatography, polypropyl aspartamide high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and HPLC using an antiphosphotyrosine IgG-derivatized column. Overall purification was 2700-fold for p93 and 1800-fold for p60. p60 and p93 are phosphorylated exclusively on tyrosine residues and can use poly(Glu,Tyr)4:1, histone H1 and vasoactive intestinal peptide as substrates. Poly(Glu,Tyr)1:1 and poly(Glu,Ala,Tyr)6:3:1 were less effective substrates for p60 and p93. The activity of p93 was dependent on Mg2+ or Mn2+, whereas p60 was dependent on Mg2+; however, the activity of p60 was stimulated in a synergistic manner by the presence of both Mg2+ and Mn2+, whereas the activity of p93 was not enhanced further by the combination of divalent ions. Both p60 and p93 were immunoprecipitated by an anti-v-src monoclonal antibody but only p93 was immunoprecipitated by an anti-v-fps/fes antibody. V8 protease digestion of p60 revealed one major proteolytic fragment containing phosphotyrosine, whereas V8 protease digestion of p93 produced two major peptides that were phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. These results suggest that, although p93 and p60 may possess some epitopic similarities, they have distinguishing phosphorylation sites. Moreover, p93, in contrast to p60, appears to be strictly associated with granulocytic/monocytic differentiation and related to the cellular fps/fes protooncogene.
The Reactions of Lithium Tetraethylaluminate with Some Halides of Group IV and VB Elements (1962)

Halides of tin, lead, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth have been treated with solutions of lithium tetraethylaluminate, and alkylation of the group IV and VB elements was observed in every instance. Alkyls of the form MEt4 (M=Sn, Pb) or MEt3 (M=P, As, Sb, or Bi) were isolated from the reaction mixtures. Side reactions, which affect the yields of these alkyls, are discussed.