gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Phase Noise in Realigned VCOs (2014)

This brief presents an analysis of realigned voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) leading to an analytical expression for their phase noise (PHN), which is of more general validity than those currently available in the literature. This brief further discusses a phenomenon that seems to have been given little attention, i.e., the increase by 3 dB of the high-frequency part of the PHN of a realigned VCO compared to the PHN of the same VCO in free running. Considerations on the impact of this effect and of the cyclostationary nature of the PHN in realigned VCOs on some typical applications are also given. The results are verified by numerical simulations.
Regulation of MnSOD Enzymatic Activity by Sirt3 Connects the Mitochondrial Acetylome Signaling Networks to Aging and Carcinogenesis (2013)

Aberrant downstream regulation of MnSOD by Sirt3 may be a potential source of cellular damage that accumulates with aging to create a tumor-permissive phenotype. Future studies can explore the role of MnSOD in age-related illness using this new mechanism of enzymatic regulation.
Characterization of an EDTA Bonded Conducting Polymer Modified Electrode:  Its Application for the Simultaneous Determination of Heavy Metal Ions (2003)

An EDTA bonded conducting polymer modified electrode (EDTA-CPME) was fabricated by polymerization of 3',4'-diamino-2,2';5',2''-terthiophene monomer on a GCE, followed by the reaction with EDTA in the presence of catalyst. The surface of the resulting modified electrode was characterized with EQCM, ESCA, SEM, Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning Auger microscopy, and electrochemical methods. The amounts of polymer and EDTA attached on the polymer film were determined. Simple immersing of the EDTA-CPME into a sample solution led to the chemical deposition through the complexation with Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions, simultaniously. Various experimental parameters that affect the simultaneous analysis of the metal ions, e.g., EDTA amount, pH, deposition time, and deposition temperature, were optimized. Calibration plots for the EDTA-CPME with square wave voltammetry were obtained in the concentration range between 5.0 x 10(-10) and 1.0 x 10(-7) M for Cu(II) and between 7.5 x 10(-10) and 1.0 x 10(-7) M for Pb(II) and Hg(II). The detection limits for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Hg(II) ions were determined to be about 6.0 x 10(-10), 2.0 x 10(-10), and 5.0 x 10(-10) M, respectively. Interference effects from other metal ions were studied at various pHs and it was found that there was little or no effect on the simultaneous determination. The stability of the EDTA-CPME was remarkably improved by coating the surface with the Nafion film, and the electrode can be used for more than one month. Analytical availability of the EDTA-CPME was demonstrated by the application for the certified standard urine reference material and tap water.
Organ-Specific and Light-Induced Expression of Plant Genes (1986)

Light plays a pivotal role in the development of plants. The photoregulation of plant genes involves recognition of light quality and quantity by phytochrome and other light receptors. Two gene families, rbcS and Cab, which code for abundant proteins active in photosynthesis, the small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and the chlorophyll a/b binding protein, show a 20-to 50-fold increase in transcript abundance in the light. Analyses in calli and transgenic plants of deletions of the rbcS gene and of chimeric constructions has allowed localization of two regions involved in light-induced transcription. One element is confined to a 33-base pair region surrounding the TATA box. In addition, an enhancer-like element contained within a 240-base pair fragment can confer phytochrome-induced transcription and organ specificity on nonregulated promoters.
A Murine Interleukin-4-Ig Fusion Protein Regulates the Expression of Th1- and Th2-Specific Cytokines in the Pancreas of NOD Mice (2002)

Interleukin (IL)-4 is a key cytokine in T-helper type 2 (Th2) immune response. We have constructed a dimeric IL-4 molecule consisting of the murine IL-4 and the murine Fc part of IgG2a. We first tested the biological activity of the chimeric protein by in vitro studies using isolated murine spleen cells. IL-4-Ig was found to downregulate LPS-induced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production. The immunomodulatory potential of the fusion protein was also analyzed in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model for human type 1 diabetes. Female NOD mice aged 10 weeks were treated once with cyclophosphamide to accelerate and synchronize the progression of insulitis. Treatment with IL-4-Ig induced strong modulation of the pancreatic cytokine balance. Expression was downregulated for both Th1-specific cytokine IFN-gamma and the Th2-specific cytokine IL-10. IL-12p40 expression was only slightly affected. Interestingly, infiltration increased in the islets of IL-4-Ig-treated animals, and therefore did not correlate with the decreased IFN-gamma expression. Hence, IL-4-Ig did not prevent the progression from peri- to intra-insulitis, but suppressed inflammatory cytokine production. In most experiments, the biological activity of IL-4-Ig and IL-4 was comparable. We conclude that treatment with the chimeric protein IL-4-Ig effectively downregulates Th1 responses but simultaneously augments intra-islet infiltration.
Improving the Processing Ability and Mechanical Strength of Starch/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Blends through Plasma and Acid Modification (2008)

Abstract Summary: In this study, maleic anhydride (MA), and citric acid (CA) used as the processing additive and plasma treatment to improve the processing ability and mechanical strength of biodegradable starch/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends were studied. The melt flow index (MFI) of starch/ glycerol/PVA (300g/60g/80g) blend was increased from 2.3g/10min to 32.7g/10min by adding 3g of MA and to 130 g/10min by adding MA and plasma treatment. The tensile strength of starch/glycerol/PVA blend increased from 3.48 to 6.21 MPa by adding 1.5g of MA and 1.5g of CA, while it increased to 6.26 MPa by plasma treatment. Esterification reaction which was evidenced by FTIR has been showed to improve the compatibility between starch and PVA when MA was dissolved into glycerol and glycerol grafted onto plasma pretreatment PVA. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were used to study the morphology of extruded blends.
Strategies in the development of human monoclonal antibodies. (1990)

A high-efficiency, HAT-sensitive heteromyeloma fusion line CB-F7 has been developed from an 8-Azaguanin-treated Ig-non-secreting human X mouse heterohybridoma. The use of this line allowed us to produce human hybridomas more successfully by fusion of cell material from blood, lymph node or spleen. A polyspecific repertoire of IgM isotype was detected among the hybridomas obtained from the spleen. These IgM antibodies reacted with autoantigens as well as with foreign material. This naturally occurring repertoire may be of interest since it has anti-bacterial activity. The frequency of the occurrence of polyspecific antibody-producing hybridomas was high in the spleen. Apart from the detection of polyspecific IgM antibodies we did not find IgG-secreting hybridomas with anti-bacterial reactivity among thousands of initial lines derived from non-immunized persons. We therefore tried to fuse lymphocytes from donors, who were boosted with Tetanus Toxoid (TTd). A short and limited optimum time period at which the blood should be taken from the donors after boosting, was detected. Seven days after in vivo immunization high yields of IgG-anti-TTd-producing lines (239 out of 731 IgG-producers) were found. The methods of developing more efficient production of human monoclonal antibodies of a pre-defined specificity were discussed.
Antiproliferative Activity of the Main Constituents from Phyllanthus emblica (2004)

Eighteen main compounds, including four norsesquiterpenoids (1-4) and 14 phenolic compounds (5-18) isolated previously from Phyllanthus emblica, together with a main constituent, proanthocyanidin polymers (19) identified at this time from the roots, were estimated for their antiproliferative activities against MK-1 (human gastric adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human uterine carcinoma), and B16F10 (murine melanoma) cells using an MTT method. All of the phenolic compounds including the major components 5-8 from the fruit juice, 8, 9, and 12 from the branches and leaves, and 19 from the roots showed stronger inhibition against B16F10 cell growth than against HeLa and MK-1 cell growth. Norsesquiterpenoid glycosides 3 and 4 from the roots exhibited significant antiproliferative activities, although their aglycon 1 and monoglucoside 2 showed no inhibitory activity against these tumor cells.
Cellulose (2002)

Abstract Introduction and Historical Outline Occurrence Natural Sources Synthetic Cellulose Structure and Analysis Hydrogen Bonding Crystal Structure Morphology Analysis Physiological Function Biosynthesis Synthesis of Substrates for the Polymerizing Enzyme Polymerizing Enzyme System and Enzymology of Biosynthesis Genetic Basis of Synthesis Regulation of Synthesis Summarizing Open Questions in Research on Plant Cellulose Synthesis Biodegradation Intracellular Biodegradation Extracellular Biodegradation Biotechnological Production Properties Physical and Material Properties Chemical Properties Applications of Cellulose and Its Derivatives Technical Applications Other Applications Relevant Patents for Biosynthesis, Biodegradation, and Biological Applications Current Problems and Limitations Outlook and Perspectives
The Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi With C-Type Lectin Receptors (2018)

Fungi, usually present as commensals, are a major cause of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Such infections, if not diagnosed or treated properly, can prove fatal. However, in most cases healthy individuals are able to avert the fungal attacks by mounting proper antifungal immune responses. Among the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are the major players in antifungal immunity. CLRs can recognize carbohydrate ligands, such as β-glucans and mannans, which are mainly found on fungal cell surfaces. They induce proinflammatory immune reactions, including phagocytosis, oxidative burst, cytokine, and chemokine production from innate effector cells, as well as activation of adaptive immunity <i>via</i> Th17 responses. CLRs such as Dectin-1, Dectin-2, Mincle, mannose receptor (MR), and DC-SIGN can recognize many disease-causing fungi and also collaborate with each other as well as other PRRs in mounting a fungi-specific immune response. Mutations in these receptors affect the host response and have been linked to a higher risk in contracting fungal infections. This review focuses on how CLRs on various immune cells orchestrate the antifungal response and on the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms in these receptors toward the risk of developing such infections.
Simple interpretation of time-domain electromagnetic sounding using similarities between wave and diffusion propagation (1997)

Abstract By using similarities between EM sounding in dielectric and conductive media, it is shown that one can transform between solutions in one type of propagation to the other. The method is based on the similarities of the Laplace transform between diffusive and nondiffusive cases. In the diffusive case, the equation involves the Laplace variable s in the first power, while for the nondiffusive cases, similar equations occur with s2. Three alternative implementations are developed, and their use is demonstrated. The first implementation is based on substituting s2 for the Laplace transform variable s using forward and inverse numerical Laplace transforms. The second implementation is based on expanding the diffusive time response on an exponential time base and replacing it with its image function in the wave case, namely, a sinusoidal function. The third implementation is based on direct transformation in the time domain using exponential time interval sampling. The performance of the techniques on synthetic data is demonstrated. Besides the advantage of simple implementation of these techniques, other advantages and limitations of the method and each of the implementations are discussed. A case history is presented. The application of common techniques used in the processing of seismic and radar for processing and EM sounding in conductive media is discussed. The use of the Poynting vector as a means of determining distance and direction is demonstrated.
Recycling High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography for Separation of Taxol and Cephalomannine (1998)

Abstract A mixture of taxol and cephalomannine was subjected to recycling countercurrent chromatography (CCC) which allows the use of the same column for repetitive separation of the peak fractions to improve the peak resolution. When the total amount of 50 mg of the two components was recycled twice, peak resolution (Rs) increased from 0.7 to 1.27. The results also showed that Rs value increases according to the formula: Rs-n = n1/2Rs-1 where n is the number of CCC runs, and Rs-1 and Rs-n, peak resolutions after the first and the nth run, respectively.
Effect of surfactants on the chemiluminescence of acridinium dimethylphenyl ester labels and their conjugates (2011)

Chemiluminescent acridinium dimethylphenyl esters, containing two methyl groups flanking the phenolic ester bond, display excellent chemiluminescence stability and are used as labels in automated immunoassays for clinical diagnostics. Light emission from these labels is triggered with alkaline peroxide in the presence of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. Under these conditions, light emission is rapid and is complete in <5 s. In the present study we examined the effect of various surfactants on light emission from acridinium dimethylphenyl ester labels and their conjugates containing hydrophilic linkers derived either from hexa(ethylene)glycol or a sulfobetaine zwitterion. Sulfobetaine zwitterions are very polar and incorporation of these functional groups in acridinium dimethyphenyl esters and their conjugates represents a new approach to improving the aqueous solubility of these chemiluminescent labels. Our results indicate that in general, surfactants affect light emission from these labels and their conjugates by two discrete mechanisms. Cationic surfactants, but not anionic or non-ionic surfactants, accelerate overall light emission kinetics and a more modest effect is observed with zwitterionic surfactants. Surfactants also enhance total light output and the magnitude of this enhancement is maximal for cationic surfactants and a sulfobetaine zwitterionic surfactant. These observations are the first to clearly delineate the role of the surfactant on the chemiluminescence reaction pathway of acridinium esters and can be rationalized based on known effects of surfactant aggregates on bimolecular and unimolecular reactions.
Multi-Service Highly Sensitive Rectifier for Enhanced RF Energy Scavenging (2015)

Due to the growing implications of energy costs and carbon footprints, the need to adopt inexpensive, green energy harvesting strategies are of paramount importance for the long-term conservation of the environment and the global economy. To address this, the feasibility of harvesting low power density ambient RF energy simultaneously from multiple sources is examined. A high efficiency multi-resonant rectifier is proposed, which operates at two frequency bands (478-496 and 852-869 MHz) and exhibits favorable impedance matching over a broad input power range (-40 to -10 dBm). Simulation and experimental results of input reflection coefficient and rectified output power are in excellent agreement, demonstrating the usefulness of this innovative low-power rectification technique. Measurement results indicate an effective efficiency of 54.3%, and an output DC voltage of 772.8 mV is achieved for a multi-tone input power of -10 dBm. Furthermore, the measured output DC power from harvesting RF energy from multiple services concurrently exhibits a 3.14 and 7.24 fold increase over single frequency rectification at 490 and 860 MHz respectively. Therefore, the proposed multi-service highly sensitive rectifier is a promising technique for providing a sustainable energy source for low power applications in urban environments.
Measurement of a head-related transfer function database with high spatial resolution (2014)

International audience
Real-time analysis of rhythmic gene expression in immortalized suprachiasmatic nucleus cells (2002)

Immortalized cells derived from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) retain many properties of the SCN including the capacity to generate circadian rhythms. Stably transfected SCN2.2 cells expressing the human c- promoter linked to a luciferase reporter gene ( /luc) were examined for evidence of transgene responses to stimuli known to induce c- expression and of endogenous rhythmic variation. Bioluminescence-reported transgene expression was induced in SCN2.2 /luc cells following stimulation with fetal bovine serum or KCl. SCN2.2 /luc cells showed 24 h rhythms of bioluminescence with a 9- to 19-fold difference between peak and minimum levels. These results demonstrate that the regulation of /luc transgene expression in SCN2.2 cells is similar to that of the endogenous c- gene in the SCN.
Scaling the Low-Shear Pulsatile TORVAD for Pediatric Heart Failure (2016)

This article provides an overview of the design challenges associated with scaling the low-shear pulsatile TORVAD ventricular assist device (VAD) for treating pediatric heart failure. A cardiovascular system model was used to determine that a 15 ml stroke volume device with a maximum flow rate of 4 L/min can provide full support to pediatric patients with body surface areas between 0.6 and 1.5 m. Low-shear stress in the blood is preserved as the device is scaled down and remains at least two orders of magnitude less than continuous flow VADs. A new magnetic linkage coupling the rotor and piston has been optimized using a finite element model (FEM) resulting in increased heat transfer to the blood while reducing the overall size of TORVAD. Motor FEM has also been used to reduce motor size and improve motor efficiency and heat transfer. FEM analysis predicts no more than 1°C temperature rise on any blood or tissue contacting surface of the device. The iterative computational approach established provides a methodology for developing a TORVAD platform technology with various device sizes for supporting the circulation of infants to adults.
Reactions of organic peroxides. Part VII. Reaction of 1-hydroxycycloalkyl hydroperoxides with ferrous compounds (1955)

E. G. E. Hawkins, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 3463 DOI: 10.1039/JR9550003463
Conditional Transgene Expression in the Heart (1996)

Conditional transgene expression is a potentially useful approach to investigate complex biological systems in vivo. We recently demonstrated that tetracycline-responsive promoters could be employed to achieve regulated, cardiac-specific expression of target genes in transgenic mice. To more fully define the quantitative and spatial parameters associated with tetracycline-regulated gene expression in the heart, we crossed transgenic mice harboring either a firefly luciferase or a nuclear-localized bacterial lacZ target gene with strains expressing a tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA) under the regulatory control of 2.9 kb of 5' flanking sequence from the rat alpha-myosin heavy chain gene. Luciferase activity was induced nearly 300-fold in the hearts of binary-transgenic mice compared with mice carrying only the luciferase reporter gene. No significant transactivation was observed in any other tissues examined. Binary transgenics harboring the lacZ reporter gene showed substantial beta-galactosidase activity throughout the heart, but the response of individual cardiac myocytes was heterogeneous. For both reporter genes, tetracycline treatment fully repressed tTA-dependent transactivation. These data provide important insights into the nature of studies that can be successfully addressed using the tetracycline-regulated gene expression system in the heart.
Streamlining the accounts payable purchase order procedure and approval process (2000)

The purpose of this study was to develop a uniform method for purchasing materials and equipment for the Sea Isle City Public School District and to bring about a change in the organizational culture that would support those changes in procedure. The intern utilized open-ended action research and his problem solving skills to analyze the practices currently in use, to research statute and code and for conditions and limitations of public sector purchasing practices and to review other relevant purchasing manuals and procedures. Informal interviews were conducted among staff to gauge the level of their knowledge of purchasing requirements. As the research progressed, the intern changed the organizational culture of the district through a series of presentations and one-on-one interviews thereby sensitizing members of the staff to the reasons behind the changes in the procedure for purchasing goods and services – that of compliance with the law. The resulting procedure provided step-by-step instructions for district purchases which was consistent with purchasing guidelines mandated by the State of New Jersey. The willingness of the staff to change from a past practice that was not controlled attributed to a more efficient, cost-effective purchasing operation for the district.
Blockade of both α<sub>1A</sub>- and α<sub>1B</sub>-adrenergic receptor subtype signaling is required to inhibit neointimal formation in the mouse femoral artery (2007)

Attenuation of early restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is important for the successful treatment of coronary artery disease. Some clinical studies have shown that hypertension is a risk factor for early restenosis after PCI. These findings suggest that alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors (alpha(1)-ARs) may facilitate restenosis after PCI because of alpha(1)-AR's remarkable contribution to the onset of hypertension. In this study, we examined the neointimal formation after vascular injury in the femoral artery of alpha(1A)-knockout (alpha(1A)-KO), alpha(1B)-KO, alpha(1D)-KO, alpha(1A)-/alpha(1B)-AR double-KO (alpha(1AB)-KO), and wild-type mice to investigate the functional role of each alpha(1)-AR subtype in neointimal formation, which is known to promote restenosis. Neointimal formation 4 wk after wire injury was significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in alpha(1AB)-KO mice than in any other group of mice, while blood pressures were not altered in any of the groups of mice after wire injury compared with those before it. These results suggest that lack of both alpha(1A)- and alpha(1B)-ARs could be necessary to inhibit neointimal formation in the mouse femoral artery.
EFFECT OF GRAPEFRUIT JUICE ON URINARY LITHOGENICITY (2001)

Offsetting changes in urine chemistry caused by the ingestion of grapefruit juice led to no net change in calculated supersaturation. No changes in lithogenicity were demonstrated. The results do not demonstrate an effect of grapefruit juice for increasing lithogenicity. The basis of the observations of epidemiological studies remain unexplained.
Versatile approach to α-alkoxy carbamate synthesis and stimulus-responsive alcohol release (2012)

A series of α-alkoxy carbamates that cleave under mild conditions to release alcohols has been synthesized through a multicomponent process. The relationship between structural features in these compounds and the rate of alcohol release in the presence of basic hydrogen peroxide has been studied. The preparation of carbamates that cleave under other conditions has been demonstrated.
Analysis, design, and construction of braced barrel vaults (1985)

This collection of 24 articles covers a range of topics in the analysis, design and construction of braced barrel vaults.