gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SWI/SNF and Asf1 Independently Promote Derepression of the DNA Damage Response Genes under Conditions of Replication Stress (2011)

The histone chaperone Asf1 and the chromatin remodeler SWI/SNF have been separately implicated in derepression of the DNA damage response (DDR) genes in yeast cells treated with genotoxins that cause replication interference. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we have tested if derepression of the DDR genes in budding yeast involves functional interplay between Asf1 and SWI/SNF. We find that Asf1 and SWI/SNF are both recruited to DDR genes under replication stress triggered by hydroxyurea, and have detected a soluble complex that contains Asf1 and the Snf2 subunit of SWI/SNF. SWI/SNF recruitment to DDR genes however does not require Asf1, and deletion of Snf2 does not affect Asf1 occupancy of DDR gene promoters. A checkpoint engagement defect is sufficient to explain the synthetic effect of deletion of ASF1 and SNF2 on derepression of the DDR genes in hydroxyurea-treated cells. Collectively, our results show that the DDR genes fall into a class in which Asf1 and SWI/SNF independently control transcriptional induction.
Dual-Band Dual-CP All-Metal Antenna With Large Signal Coverage and High Isolation Over Two Bands for Vehicular Communications (2019)

A dual-band dual-circularly polarized (CP) all-metal antenna is proposed in this paper for vehicular communications to realize large signal coverage and high isolation over two bands. On the one hand, by combining two rings of three-dimensional (3-D) L-shaped stubs and a circular patch, opposite CP radiations, i.e., right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), can be achieved in lower and higher working frequency bands respectively, thus ensuring the isolation between different channels. On the other hand, both radiation patterns of two bands are conical-beam, i.e., omnidirectional, so as to realize large signal coverage, which is beneficial for vehicular communication especially when the car is moving or located on nonplanar plane. Besides, the proposed antenna is all-metal and can be easily manufactured by computer numerical control (CNC) machining technology. As such, it is expected to have higher power capacity than the conventional printed circuit board (PCB) structure. A prototype operating at 2.6 and 2.98 GHz is fabricated and measured, indicating that small frequency ratio between two operating bands can be realized. The proposed antenna is promisingly useful for application on vehicle to ensure simultaneous communications between different links without crosstalk, such as vehicle-to-satellite and vehicle-to-basestation communications.
Interfacing Live Cells with Nanocarbon Substrates (2010)

Nanocarbon materials, including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and graphene, promise various novel biomedical applications (e.g., nanoelectronic biosensing). In this Letter, we study the ability of SWCNT networks and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films in interfacing several types of cells, such as neuroendocrine PC12 cells, oligodendroglia cells, and osteoblasts. It was found that rGO is biocompatible with all these cell types, whereas the SWCNT network is inhibitory to the proliferation, viability, and neuritegenesis of PC12 cells, and the proliferation of osteoblasts. These observations could be attributed to the distinct nanotopographic features of these two kinds of nanocarbon substrates.
Cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein is a monomer of pyruvate kinase. (1989)

A cDNA clone encoding a human cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein (p58) has been isolated. The human sequence was found to be homologous to that of rat pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) subtype M2. p58 is a monomer that has approximately 5% the enzymatic activity of the tetrameric pyruvate kinase M2. The tetrameric M2 does not bind 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3). Binding of p58 to T3 and its analogs resulted in the inhibition of its pyruvate kinase activity. The apparent Ki values of T3, L-thyroxine, and D-T3 are 30 nM, 100 nM, and 2 mM, respectively. L-Thyronine and 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine had no effect. This order of activity correlates with the thermogenic effects reported for T3 and its analogs. Conversion of p58 to the tetramer is reversible and is under the control of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The conversion is inhibited by T3 in a dose-dependent manner. Since pyruvate kinase is a key enzyme in regulating cellular ADP, ATP, and pyruvate, our findings suggest that p58 may be involved in mediating some of the cellular metabolic effects induced by thyroid hormones.
VENOUS NEEDLE DISLODGEMENT: THE PITFALLS OF VENOUS PRESSURE MEASUREMENT AND POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVES, A REVIEW (2010)

The historical development of the use of pressure sensors as protective system against blood loss to the environment is reviewed. In spite of early warnings about the deficiency of such sensors, the venous pressure sensor is still formally accepted as protective system against blood loss to the environment in case of leaks or needle dislodgement. The early warnings were corroborated by publications and accident reports. Several alternative methods have been developed or described in the literature recently. These methods are critically reviewed. The conclusion is that external monitors are currently the only available alternatives, although long-time clinical experience is missing. Methods employing sensors integrated into dialysis machines have been described but it is unlikely that any of these methods will become available in the immediate future.
Determination of the neutron spin structure function (1993)

The spin structure function of the neutron ${\mathit{g}}_{1}^{\mathit{n}}$ has been determined over the range 0.03x0.6 at an average ${\mathit{Q}}^{2}$ of 2 (GeV/c${)}^{2}$ by measuring the asymmetry in deep inelastic scattering of polarized electrons from a polarized $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ target at energies between 19 and 26 GeV. The integral of the neutron spin structure function is found to be ${\mathcal{F}}_{0}^{1}$${\mathit{g}}_{1}^{\mathit{n}}$(x)dx=-0.022\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011. Earlier reported proton results together with the Bjorken sum rule predict ${\mathcal{F}}_{0}^{1}$${\mathit{g}}_{1}^{\mathit{n}}$(x)dx=-0.059\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.019.
Operating Systems: Concepts and Design (1987)

Part 1 Fundamental concepts: input/output - principles and programming processes interprocess synchronization interprocess communication and synchronization memory management - contiguous allocation memory management - non-ontiguous allocation file system security. Part 2 Implementation: design of multitasking kernel/thread package (KMOS II) implementation of KMOS II. Part 3 Advanced topics: distributed systems concepts and algorithms distributed operating systems - implementation multiprocessor systems. Part 4 Case studies.
Hardware Acceleration of Gate Array Layout (1985)

In this paper we describe the hardware and software of a system which we have implemented to accelerate the physical design of gate arrays. In contrast to nearly all other reported approaches, our approach to hardware acceleration is to augment a single-user host workstation with a general-purpose microprogrammable slave processor having a large private memory. One or more such slaves can be attached. We have implemented placement improvement on the system, achieving a 20 x speedup vs. a high-level host implementation. We give performance results, which are comparable to those reported elsewhere for mainframe implementations.
Congestion control on spurious tcp retransmission timeouts (2004)

Spurious TCP retransmission timeouts are a considerable problem degrading the TCP efficiency in communication over mobile 2.5G and 3G networks. They cause several unnecessary retransmissions and diminish TCP throughput. F-RTO algorithm can be used to detect spurious TCP RTOs, thus making it possible to avoid unnecessary retransmissions in such occasions and improve TCP performance. In this paper we present a SACK-based enhancement to the F-RTO algorithm that further improves the efficiency of F-RTO in detecting spurious RTOs. Additionally, we evaluate three congestion control alternatives to be applied when spurious TCP RTO is detected under different levels of congestion. The results show that choosing the most efficient congestion control alternative depends on the available link bandwidth, amount of buffering space in the bottleneck router, and the number of parallel TCP connections. If the wireless link has a low bandwidth, sufficient conservativeness at the sender not only prevents congestion losses, but also improves TCP throughput. On a faster link more aggressive congestion control yields better throughput despite of increased number of congestion losses.
A reduced-complexity mismatch-shaping DAC for delta-sigma data converters (2002)

Although mismatch-shaping multi-bit DACs offer many advantages over single-bit DACs in delta-sigma data converters, most of the presently known mismatch-shaping DAC architectures involve a large amount of digital processing. This paper presents digital structures that implement previously published tree-structured mismatch-shaping DAC algorithms yet offer significant reductions in the digital processing.
Identification of Residues in the Dengue Virus Type 2 NS2B Cofactor That Are Critical for NS3 Protease Activation (2004)

Proteolytic processing of the dengue virus polyprotein is mediated by host cell proteases and the virus-encoded NS2B-NS3 two-component protease. The NS3 protease represents an attractive target for the development of antiviral inhibitors. The three-dimensional structure of the NS3 protease domain has been determined, but the structural determinants necessary for activation of the enzyme by the NS2B cofactor have been characterized only to a limited extent. To test a possible functional role of the recently proposed Phix(3)Phi motif in NS3 protease activation, we targeted six residues within the NS2B cofactor by site-specific mutagenesis. Residues Trp62, Ser71, Leu75, Ile77, Thr78, and Ile79 in NS2B were replaced with alanine, and in addition, an L75A/I79A double mutant was generated. The effects of these mutations on the activity of the NS2B(H)-NS3pro protease were analyzed in vitro by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of autoproteolytic cleavage at the NS2B/NS3 site and by assay of the enzyme with the fluorogenic peptide substrate GRR-AMC. Compared to the wild type, the L75A, I77A, and I79A mutants demonstrated inefficient autoproteolysis, whereas in the W62A and the L75A/I79A mutants self-cleavage appeared to be almost completely abolished. With exception of the S71A mutant, which had a k(cat)/K(m) value for the GRR-AMC peptide similar to that of the wild type, all other mutants exhibited drastically reduced k(cat) values. These results indicate a pivotal function of conserved residues Trp62, Leu75, and Ile79 in the NS2B cofactor in the structural activation of the dengue virus NS3 serine protease.
Spiral Ligament and Stria Vascularis Changes in Cochlear Otosclerosis: Effect on Hearing Level (2004)

These data suggest that spiral ligament structure and function are essential for stria vascularis survival. In addition, dampened expression of ion transport molecules within the spiral ligament and stria vascularis may disrupt potassium ion recycling, resulting in loss of endocochlear potential and sensory hearing loss.
Preparation of a three-dimensional extracellular matrix by decellularization of rabbit livers (2013)

the proposed decellularization protocol was correct, and was verified by an absence of cells. The hepatic matrix had preserved vascular and bile ducts with a suitable three-dimensional architecture permitting further cell seeding.
Crossbar-Based Memristive Logic-in-Memory Architecture (2017)

The use of memristors and resistive random access memory (ReRAM) technology to perform logic computations, has drawn considerable attention from researchers in recent years. However, the topological aspects of the underlying ReRAM architecture and its organization have received less attention, as the focus has mainly been on device-specific properties for functionally complete logic gates through conditional switching in ReRAM circuits. A careful investigation and optimization of the target geometry is thus highly desirable for the implementation of logic-in-memory architectures. In this paper, we propose a crossbar-based in-memory parallel processing system in which, through the heterogeneity of the resistive cross-point devices, we achieve local information processing in a state-of-the-art ReRAM crossbar architecture with vertical group-accessed transistors as cross-point selector devices. We primarily focus on the array organization, information storage, and processing flow, while proposing a novel geometry for the cross-point selection lines to mitigate current sneak-paths during an arbitrary number of possible parallel logic computations. We prove the proper functioning and potential capabilities of the proposed architecture through SPICE-level circuit simulations of half-adder and sum-of-products logic functions. We compare certain features of the proposed logic-in-memory approach with another work of the literature, and present an analysis of circuit resources, integration density, and logic computation parallelism.
Co-Mo-O/Al_2O_3-USY catalysts for gas phase selective catalytic oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde (2004)

A series of Mo-Co catalysts supported by Al_2O_3-USY with different Mo/(Mo+Co) atomic ratio were prepared and used for gas phase selective oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde.The structure and surface properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The best catalytic activity result with a 11.37% benzaldehyde yield could be reached when the catalyst has a ratio of n_(Mo)∶(n_(Mo)+n_(Co))=0.34,and reacted at 480℃ with 6 000.0 h-(-1) of space velocity,and 100 of the air/toluene molar ratio.
Responses of group III and IV muscle afferents to dynamic exercise (1997)

Tetanic contraction of hindlimb skeletal muscle, induced by electrical stimulation of either ventral roots or peripheral nerves, is well known to activate group III and IV afferents. Nevertheless, the effect of dynamic exercise on the discharge of these thin fiber afferents is unknown. To shed some light on this question, we recorded in decerebrate cats the discharge of 24 group III and 10 group IV afferents while the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) was stimulated electrically. Each of the 34 afferents had their receptive fields in the triceps surae muscles. Stimulation of the MLR for 1 min caused the triceps surae muscles to contract rhythmically, an effect induced by an alpha-motoneuron discharge pattern and recruitment order almost identical to that occurring during dynamic exercise. Eighteen of the 24 group III and 8 of the 10 group IV muscle afferents were stimulated by MLR stimulation. The oxygen consumption of the dynamically exercising triceps surae muscles was increased by 2.5-fold over their resting levels. We conclude that low levels of dynamic exercise stimulate group III and IV muscle afferents.
157 nm F2 Lasers. (1991)

Current research activities on the electric discharge pumped molecular fluorine lasers at 157 nm, and the present understanding for the laser kinetics are reviewed. Fast and intense discharge excitation, which is more than one order of magnitude higher than excitation rates used for conventional rare-gas halide excimer lasers, improved both output laser energy (100-200 mJ) and efficiency (up to 0.4 %). Successful introduction of cryogenic gas purification that traps various impurity molecules introduced by gases supplied or by secondary reactions during the discharge extended the F2 laser gas lifetime to > 5×105 shots. Further development of high repetition rate high-power exciters, excellent optics with higher damage thresholds, and large aperture and well-controlled low divergence laser beams will open up various useful applications in photochemistry or photo ablation processes.
Cytosolic calcium levels in vascular smooth muscle. (1989)

Increase in cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+] cyt) is prerequisite for smooth muscle contraction. Simultaneous measurements of [Ca2+] cyt and muscle tension give direct information for the Ca2(+)-regulation of smooth muscle. A fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, fura-2, is used for this purpose. Comparison between [Ca2+] cyt and muscle tension in vascular smooth muscle indicates that, although high K+ and receptor-agonists such as norepinephrine and prostaglandin F2 alpha induce sustained contraction by the sustained increase in [Ca2+] cyt, greater contraction is produced by receptor-agonists than high K+ at a given [Ca2+]cyt. Phorbol ester show similar effects as receptor-agonists, and it potentiates a high K(+)-induced contraction with little effect on [Ca2+]cyt. These results suggest that the contraction of smooth muscle is due to the increase in [Ca2+]cyt. Furthermore, receptor-agonists stimulate phosphatidylinositol turnover and generates diacyl glycerol which activates protein kinase C and may consequently increase the Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile elements. The [Ca2+]cyt -dependent portion of these contractions is inhibited by Ca2+ channel blockers such as verapamil by the decrease in [Ca2+]cyt. By contrast, increase in cyclic AMP by isoproterenol and forskolin inhibits smooth muscle contraction by the decrease in [Ca2+]cyt also by the decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile elements. Increase in the cyclic GMP level by sodium nitroprusside show effects quite similar to those of cyclic AMP. Thus, contractility of vascular smooth muscle seems to be regulated by [Ca2+]cyt and also by Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile elements. Furthermore, at least part of the receptor-mediated changes may be due to activation of protein kinase C.
Detecting Building-Level Changes of a City Using Street Images and a 2D City Map (2015)

This paper presents a method for detecting city-scale changes of a city from its street images and a 2D map. Using SfM to reconstruct point cloud of the structures of the city, the method estimates the existence of each building by matching the point cloud with the 3D building structures recovered from the map. There are multiple difficulties, such as inaccuracy of the recovered building structures, large differences in observation and thus in point cloud size of individual buildings, and mutual dependency of building existences due to potential occlusions. To solve these, we develop a model of how point cloud is generated in the sequential processes of SfM, an observation model of a building wall, and a greedy iterative approach to cope with the mutual dependency. We experimentally apply the method to the cities damaged by the tsunami that struck Japan in 2011. The results show the effectiveness of the method.
Application of parallel processing techniques to the simulation of power system electromagnetic transients (1993)

The authors propose the use of parallel techniques for the computation of power system electromagnetic transients in a multiprocessor environment. System partitioning and parallel solution methods are described. Questions regarding computational load balancing and communication overheads are discussed and techniques are presented to improve the proposed method with respect to those matters. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and to assess the performance of the proposed techniques, a parallel electromagnetic transients program for a multiprocessor environment has been developed. Tests using real power networks of different sizes, executed in an eight-processor hypercube machine, have shown promising performance indices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rippling of polymer nanofibers (2008)

This paper studies the evolution mechanism of surface rippling in polymer nanofibers under axial stretching. This rippling phenomenon has been detected in as-electrospun polyacrylonitrile in recent single-fiber tension tests, and in electrospun polyimide nanofibers after imidization. We herein propose a one-dimensional nonlinear elastic model that takes into account the combined effect of surface tension and nonlinear elasticity during the rippling initiation and its evolution in compliant polymer nanofibers. The polymer nanofiber is modeled as an incompressible, isotropically hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin solid. The fiber geometry prior to rippling is considered as a long circular cylinder. The governing equation of surface rippling is established through linear perturbation of the static equilibrium state of the nanofiber subjected to finite axial prestretching. The critical stretch and ripple wavelength are determined in terms of surface tension, elastic property, and fiber radius. Numerical examples are demonstrated to examine these dependencies. In addition, a critical fiber radius is determined, below which the polymer nanofibers are intrinsically unstable. The present model, therefore, is capable of predicting the rippling condition in compliant nanofibers, and can be further used as a continuum mechanics approach for the study of surface instability and nonlinear wave propagation in compliant fibers and wires at the nanoscale.
3D-OptoElectronic Stacked Processors: Technology Development (1999)

All-electronic systems remain inadequate when the manipulation and processing of large data sets is required, for example, in image processing and understanding applications. Although many parallel algorithms exist in this domain, their mapping on existing system architectures usually leads to unsatisfactory performance when the data sets are large.
Chimaeric gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) peptides with improved affinity for the catfish (Clarias gariepinus) GnRH receptor (2002)

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor in catfish differs from its mammalian counterparts in showing a very low affinity for the hypothalamic GnRH form [i.e. catfish GnRH (cfGnRH)] and a very high affinity for the highly conserved mesencephalic GnRH, chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II). In the present study we investigated the molecular interactions between ligand and receptor involved in determining the ligand selectivity of the catfish GnRH receptor. Studies on the binding characteristics of the catfish GnRH receptor for cfGnRH and cGnRH-II as well as for mammalian GnRH (mGnRH) and synthetic chimaeric GnRHs, differing at positions 5, 7 and 8, revealed that the low affinity of the catfish receptor for cfGnRH can be improved by replacing Leu7 by a tryptophan residue and/or Asn8 by either a tyrosine or an arginine residue. Testing cfGnRH and cGnRH-II as well as mGnRH and the chimaeric GnRHs on Asp304 → Ala, Asp304 → Glu and Asp304 → Asn mutant catfish GnRH receptors revealed that Asp304 of the catfish receptor mediates the recognition of Arg8 in mGnRH, as well as in the chimaeric peptides [Arg8]cfGnRH and [Arg8]cGnRH-II, but seems to be less important for the recognition of Tyr8 in cGnRH-II. On the basis of these results, a three-dimensional model for the binding of [Arg8]cGnRH-II to the catfish GnRH receptor is proposed.
A corporate strategy for the control of information processing. (1982)

Although the use of information processing has become widespread, many organizations have developed systems that are basically independent of the firm's strategy. However, the authors in this article argue that the greatest benefits come when information technology is merged with strategy formulation. The article includes examples of how this has been done and presents a framework for top management direction and control of information processing.