gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Collaborative Approach to Genetic Testing: A Community Hospital's Experience (2009)

The field of cancer genetics is evolving rapidly, and much has changed over the past ten years in the way services are being provided and by whom they are being provided. We recount here our experience with the evolution of cancer genetic services in a community setting, focusing on collaboration with non-genetics providers to offer genetic testing for hereditary cancer. This approach allows for the most effective use of genetic counselors' expertise for challenging cases, and enables the patient to remain within their community to allow for better access to resources for long-term follow-up.
A Taxonomy of image matching techniques for stereo vision (1997)

Stereo vision is a method of depth perception, in which depth information is inferred from two (or more) images of a scene, taken from different perspectives. Applications of stereo vision include aerial photogrammetry, autonomous vehicle guidance, robotics, industrial automation and stereomicroscopy. A key issue in stereo vision is that of image matching, or identifying corresponding points in a stereo pair. The difference in the positions of corresponding points in image coordinates is termed the parallax or disparity. When the orientation of the two cameras is known, corresponding points may be projected back to find the location of the original object point in world coordinates. Matching techniques are typically categorised according to the nature of the matching primitives they use and the matching strategy they employ. This report provides a detailed taxonomy of image matching techniques, including area based, transform based, feature based, phase based, hybrid, relaxation based, dynamic programming and object space methods. A number of area based matching metrics as well as the rank and census transforms were implemented, in order to investigate their suitability for a real-time stereo sensor for mining automation applications. The requirements of this sensor were speed, robustness, and the ability to produce a dense depth map. The Sum of Absolute Differences matching metric was the least computationally expensive; however, this metric was the most sensitive to radiometric distortion. Metrics such as the Zero Mean Sum of Absolute Differences and Normalised Cross Correlation were the most robust to this type of distortion but introduced additional computational complexity. The rank and census transforms were found to be robust to radiometric distortion, in addition to having low computational complexity. They are therefore prime candidates for a matching algorithm for a stereo sensor for real-time mining applications. A number of issues came to light during this investigation which may merit further work. These include devising a means to evaluate and compare disparity results of different matching algorithms, and finding a method of assigning a level of confidence to a match. Another issue of interest is the possibility of statistically combining the results of different matching algorithms, in order to improve robustness.
Emergence of in vitro resistance to fluoroquinolones in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Japan (1995)

To investigate emerging fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Japan, we compared the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of 79 gonococcal isolates from 1992 through 1993 to 14 fluoroquinolones and 14 other antibiotics with those of 27 isolates from between 1981 and 1984. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited by nine fluroquinolones, including norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, lomefloxacin, fleroxacin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin, for isolates from 1992 to 1993 were 8- or 16-fold higher than those for isolates from 1981 to 1984. Furthermore, the MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited by five fluroquinolones, including OPC-17116, T-3761, DU-6859a, AM-1155, and Q-35, that have recently been synthesized but have not yet been introduced for clinical use in Japan for isolates from 1992 to 1993 were also 2- to 16-fold higher than those for isolates from 1981 to 1984. The gonococcal isolates from 1992 to 1993 showed no significant decreases in susceptibility to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, and spectinomycin, compared with those for isolates from 1981 to 1984. Our data indicate that the incidence of gonococcal strains with decreased susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones is increasing in Japan.
Root Air Space Measurements by a Pycnometer Method<sup>1</sup> (1969)

Abstract The air space fraction, or porosity, of plant roots is important to their internal aeration. Root porosity can be calculated from the following measurements: the weight of a sample of the roots in a pycnometer bottle filled with water; the weight of the root sample alone; the weight of the homogenate after ball milling the sample; and the weight of the bottle filled with water only. Results are variable and a mean of 10 samples must be obtained.
The way we were: speech technology, platforms and applications in the 'old' AT&T (2002)

The last several years have been an exciting time at AT&T in the field of advanced speech applications for telecommunications: technical progress and platform/processor advances have enabled the identification, development and testing of a range of new services. During this period AT&T brought together, under a single corporate roof, a research laboratory committed to advancing speech technology, business organizations building platforms to leverage this technology for telecommunications applications, and yet other business organizations with responsibility for deploying speech enabled services to facilitate the use and reduce the cost of telecommunications services for both consumers and businesses. While this period of our corporate history has drawn to a close, we look back to provide an overview of how technical progress, platform advances and network services needs and opportunities interacted to make speech technology an everyday experience for millions of people, and some of the lessons we learned along the way.
A novel nano-particle strengthened titanium alloy with exceptional specific strength (2019)

Various ecological and economical concerns have spurred mankind's quest for materials that can provide enhanced weight savings and improved fuel efficiency. As part of this pursuit, we have microstructurally tailored an exceptionally high-strength titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Ti6246) through friction stir processing (FSP). FSP has altered the as-received bimodal microstructure into a unique modulated microstructure comprised of fine acicular α″-laths with nano precipitates within the laths. The sequence of phase transformations responsible for the modulated microstructure and consequently for the strength is discussed with the help of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies. The specific strength attained in one of the conditions is close to 450 MPa m<sup>3</sup>/mg, which is about 22% to 85% greater than any commercially available metallic material. Therefore, our novel nano particle strengthened Ti alloy is a potential replacement for many structural alloys, enabling significant weight reduction opportunities.
Problem-focused incremental elicitation of multi-attribute tility models (1997)

Decision theory has become widely accepted in the AI community as a useful framework for planning and decision making. Applying the framework typically requires elicitation of some form of probability and utility information. While much work in AI has focused on providing representations and tools for elicitation of probabilities, relatively little work has addressed the elicitation of utility models. This imbalance is not particularly justified considering that probability models are relatively stable across problem instances, while utility models may be different for each instance. Spending large amounts of time on elicitation can be undesirable for interactive systems used in low-stakes decision making and in time-critical decision making. In this paper we investigate the issues of reasoning with incomplete utility models. We identify patterns of problem instances where plans can be proved to be suboptimal if the (unknown) utility function satisfies certain conditions. We present an approach to planning and decision making that performs the utility elicitation incrementally and in a way that is informed by the domain model.
Tectonic Geomorphology North and South of the Garlock Fault, California (2020)

Five differential equations that interrelate uplift, erosion, and deposition along stream systems that cross the mountain fronts of the northern Mojave Desert were used to appraise three classes of Quaternary tectonism. Class 1 (active tectonism) terrains are characterized by mountain-front sinuosities of 1.2 – 1.6, unentrenched alluvial fans, elongate drainage basins with narrow valley floors and steep hillslopes even in soft materials. Class 2 (moderate to slightly active tectonism) terrains are generally characterized by mountain-front sinuosities of 1.8 – 3.4, entrenched alluvial fans, large drainage basins that are more circular than class 1 basins in similar rock types, steep hillslopes and valley floors that are wider than their floodplains. Class 3 (tectonically inactive) terrains are characterized by mountain-front sinuosities of 2 to 7, pedimented mountain fronts and embayments, steep hillslopes only on resistant rock types, and few large integrated stream systems in the mountains. Marked contrasts of landscapes, that are due to different relative rates of base level fall, are present north and south of the strike-slip Garlock fault. In a northern sub-area, class 1 terrains generally occur on the west sides and class 2 terrains on the east sides of the eastward tilted116 fault – block mountains. Extreme tectonic stability is shown by the dominance of class 3 terrains south of the fault. Pedimentation has left only remnants of the formerly more extensive mountain ranges and their drainage basins. Between the extremes of these two subareas is a transitional sub-area north of the Garlock fault, where the magnitudes of Quaternary uplift of the mountain fronts decrease towards the south.
A new 18-T resistive magnet with radial bores (1994)

The new 20 MW installation has been running in our laboratory since the end of 1991. In order to fit the new characteristics of the power supplies, we have developed some new solenoids, especially for high homogeneous fields or special configurations with large bores. We describe in detail the new 10 MW, 5 cm room temperature bore, Bitter type magnet with horizontal axis, delivering a continuous field higher than 18 T for a power consumption of 9.5 MW. In the middle plane, 4 cylindrical 5 mm diameter tubes provide optical accesses for laser beam perpendicular to the main field orientation. The results of the tests are presented and the major problems due to the high pressure of the cooling water are discussed. This facility is mainly used for magneto-optical studies such as Cotton-Mouton effect and Faraday effect on complex fluids and heterogeneous solids. The corresponding instrumentation is briefly described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Duration Required to Identify the Instrument, the Octave, or the Pitch Chroma of a Musical Note (1995)

This paper investigates the role of pitch in the extraction of timbre information by measuring listeners' ability to identify the timbre, the octave, and the pitch chroma of musical notes, as a function of the duration of the notes. The stimuli were produced by one of four instrument types ( brass, flute, harpsichord, or strings) in one of four octaves (centered at C₁, C₂, C₃, or C₄) on one of four notes (C, D, E, or F). The stimulus duration ranged from 1 to 64 cycles of the note. In any given session of the experiment, listeners were played all 64 notes associated with one duration in a random order and asked to identify the instrument, or the octave, or the note of each stimulus as it occurred. The results show that the timbre of the notes can be identified when the durations are too short to support pitch-chroma judgments, and so it is unlikely that pitch plays a key role in timbre identification at short durations. At these same durations, octave identification was better than pitch-chroma identification but worse than instrument identification.
Sulfonylureas: New High Potency Herbicides (1984)

The sulfonylureas are new herbicides which exhibit both preemergence and postemergence activity at extraordinarily low rates of application. Two of these compounds have been commercialized by Du Pont. Glean weed killer controls most broadleaf weeds and some grasses in wheat at 5-35 g a.i./ha. The active ingredient in this product is chlorsulfuron. Oust weed killer is especially useful for control of seedling and rhizome johnsongrass with safety to Bermudagrass. The active component of this product is sulfometuron methyl. The discovery, mode of action, and empirical structure-activity relationships of these new herbicides will be reviewed.
An EM Algorithm for Blind Hop Timing Estimation of Multiple FH Signals Using an Array System With Bandwidth Mismatch (2007)

Hop timing estimation for noncooperative frequency-hopped (FH) signals is an important problem that feeds into the multiple facets of military communications, from interception of noncooperative communications to interference mitigation. If there is a mismatch between the receiver's observation band and the hop bandwidth of the transmitted signals in an FH system, signals appear to hop in and out of the observation frequency band. This causes model-order variations and high-resolution parametric methods that assume fixed model order may fail. Using an antenna array and capitalizing on the data structure of 2-D frequency mixture (space and time), this paper proposes an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for blind hop timing and frequency estimation with possible bandwidth mismatch. The initialization of the EM algorithm is given by the data spectrogram. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method performs well even at low-to-moderate signal-to-noise ratio with unknown hop sequences.
Polarization fluctuations in a single-mode optical fiber (1988)

Polarization fluctuation characteristics of single-mode optical fiber output are examined theoretically and experimentally. A fiber model for studying these characteristics from the perspective of probability on the Poinare sphere is proposed. The relationship of the degree of polarization fluctuation to time and fiber length is shown theoretically. Measurements of submarine and underground cables and long-haul fibers up to 270 km in length generally support the proposed model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A conservative data flow algorithm for detecting all pairs of statements that may happen in parallel (1998)

Information about which pairs of statements in a concurrent program can execute in parallel is important for optimizing and debugging programs, for detecting anomalies, and for improving the accuracy of data flow analysis. In this paper, we describe a new data flow algorithm that finds a conservative approximation of the set of all such pairs. We have carried out an initial comparison of the precision of our algorithm and that of the most precise of the earlier approaches, Masticola and Ryder's non-concurrency analysis [8], using a sample of 159 concurrent Ada programs that includes the collection assembled by Masticola and Ryder. For these examples, our algorithm was almost always more precise than non-concurrency analysis, in the sense that the set of pairs identified by our algorithm as possibly happening in parallel is a proper subset of the set identified by non-concurrency analysis. In 132 cases, we were able to use reachability analysis to determine exactly the set of pairs of statements that may happen in parallel. For these cases, there were a total of only 10 pairs identified by our algorithm that cannot actually happen in parallel.
Aspects of Design of Double-Layer Tensegrity Domes (1992)

Double-layer tensegrity domes are formed from double-layer tensegrity grids (DLTGs) with cured surfaces. Typically such domes consist of truncated pyramidal units or their derivatives joined together. Unlike flat DLTGs, the geometric configuration of the dome involves shape finding. The initial, prestressed geometry depends on the constraints governing the construction of the dome. Both shape finding and load analysis involve geometric non-linearities, but the extent of nonlinear behaviour under load, i.e. the magnitude of deflections, depends on a number of factors. While tensegrity structures, like other prestressed cable networks, are often geometrically flexible, geometrically rigid configurations, involving only elastic deformations, are feasible.
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2010)

In Chapters 2 and 3, the knowledge-based system and Multi-Agent system were illustrated. These are significant methods and theories of Manufacturing Intelligence (MI). Data Mining (DM) and Knowledge Discovery (KD) are at the foundation of MI. Humans are immersed in data, but are thirsty for knowledge. With the wider application of database technology, a dilemma has arisen whereby people are ‘rich in data, poor in knowledge’. The explosion of knowledge and information has brought great benefit to mankind, but has also carried with it certain drawbacks, since it has resulted in knowledge and information ‘pollution. Facing a vast but polluted ocean of data, a technical means to discard the bad and retain the good was sought. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (DMKD) was therefore proposed against the background of rapidly expanding data and databases. It is also the result of the development and fusion of database technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), statistical techniques and visualization technology (Fayyad U., 1998). DMKD has become a research focus and cutting-edge technology in the field of computer information processing (Jef Woksem, 2001). The development background, conception, working process, classification and general application of DM and KD are firstly introduced in this chapter. Secondly, basic functions and assignment such as prediction, description, data clustering, data classification, conception description and visualization processing are discussed. Then the methods and tools for DM are presented, such as the association rule, decision tree, genetic algorithm, rough set and support vector machine. Finally, the application of DMKD in intelligent manufacturing is summarized.
Particle filter with analytical inference for human body tracking (2003)

The paper introduces a framework that integrates analytical inference into the particle filtering scheme for human body tracking. The analytical inference is provided by body parts detection, and is used to update subsets of state parameters representing the human pose. This reduces the degree of randomness and decreases the required number of particles. This new technique is a significant improvement over the standard particle filtering, with the advantages of performing automatic track initialization, recovering from tracking failures, and reducing the computational load.
Combinatorial Message Sharing for a refined multiple descriptions achievable region (2011)

This paper presents a new achievable rate-distortion region for the L-channel multiple descriptions problem. Currently, the most popular region for this problem is due to Venkataramani, Kramer and Goyal [3]. Their encoding scheme is an extension of the Zhang-Berger scheme to the L-channel case and includes a combinatorial number of refinement codebooks, one for each subset of the descriptions. All the descriptions also share a single common codeword, which introduces redundancy, but assists in better coordination of the descriptions. This paper proposes a novel encoding technique involving `Combinatorial Message Sharing', where every subset of the descriptions may share a distinct common message. This introduces a combinatorial number of shared codebooks along with the refinement codebooks of [3]. These shared codebooks provide a more flexible framework to trade off redundancy across the messages for resilience to descriptions loss. We derive an achievable rate-distortion region for the proposed technique, and show that it subsumes the achievable region of [3].
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Present and Future Role in Gastrointestinal Cancer Treatment: A Review (2006)

EGFR-TKIs show benefits when used in combination with chemotherapy, and the favorable toxicity profiles observed suggest that these may be of value in frail or elderly patients.
Model-based document clustering with a collapsed gibbs sampler (2008)

Model-based algorithms are emerging as a preferred method for document clustering. As computing resources improve, methods such as Gibbs sampling have become more common for parameter estimation in these models. Gibbs sampling is well understood for many applications, but has not been extensively studied for use in document clustering. We explore the convergence rate, the possibility of label switching, and chain summarization methodologies for document clustering on a particular model, namely a mixture of multinomials model, and show that fairly simple methods can be employed, while still producing clusterings of superior quality compared to those produced with the EM algorithm.
Distributed multi-robot localization from acoustic pulses using Euclidean distance geometry (2017)

This paper presents a method for reconstructing relative positions of a group of robots from only acoustic pulses sent and received by the robots. The approach is fully distributed — each robot calculates relative positions from its measurements alone — and does not require any additional communication between the robots outside of the acoustic pulses. The method applies concepts from Euclidean distance geometry to label each robot's measurements, constructing first a set of relative distances and then a set of relative positions. We also implement two practical methods for aligning a robot's estimated set of relative positions in a global frame of reference. Due to the minimal sensing and communication requirements, this approach to multi-robot localization is appropriate for underwater applications and other environments in which traditional communication channels are limited, untrustworthy, or unavailable.
Influence of Irradiation Sterilization on Polymers Used as Drug Carriers—A Review (1997)

A survey was made of the influence of irradiation sterilization on relevant natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic polymers used for drug carrier system. The first part of the review deals with some general aspects of irradiation treatment and its use in the sterilization of pharmaceuticals. The second part reviews the information available in the literature on polymeric biomatenals used for carriers after irradiation sterilization. The influence of irradiation sterilization has been described for polyester, poly(ortho ester), different synthetic hydrogels, silicone derivatives, cellulose-derivatives, hyaluronic acid, different glucosides, collagen, and gelatine. Also, some limitations concerning the use of high-energy radiations for sterilization are given.
WESTINGHOUSE PEOPLE MOVER SYSTEM FOR GATWICK AIRPORT (1980)

The article describes the mass transit system to be built at London's Gatwick airport in the United Kingdom. The people mover track consists of twin concrete running surfaces for the rubber-tired load-bearing wheels with an I-section guide beam between them. The Gatwick installation has twin tracks with a walkway between them. Rubber-tired guide wheels clamp on to each side of the guide beam, on top of which is mounted the current collection assembly.