gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes of some putative neurotransmitters in human cerebral infarction. (1978)

Dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), tryptophan (TRP), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), and GABA were assayed spectrofluorometrically in various regions of 16 human post-mortem brains with acute and old cerebral infarction. In both recent and older strokes a total depletion of DA and 5-HT in the necrotic tissue was associated with mild reduction of these compounds in remote non-ischemic areas of the injured, and less of the contralateral cerebral hemispheres. 5-HIAA was significantly reduced in acute ischemic necrosis, while the perifocal edema zone showed considerable accumulation of both 5-HT and 5-HIAA. Marked elevation of the 5-HT precursor TRP and of GABA was present in both the necrotic center and perifocal edema of acute infarcts, which also showed a mild reduction of total proteins. The degradation zone surrounding old infarcts showed a mild decrease of both 5-HT and 5-HIAA with normal TRP levels, indicating normalization of the previously increased 5-HT metabolism and turnover after decrease of acute cerebral edema. These data which confirm previous studies in experimental cerebral ischemia and stroke indicate that disorders in the metabolism of brain monoamines and other putative neurotransmitters contribute to the development of postischemic brain damage and the complicating cerebral edema. They are also in keeping with the concept that unilateral focal ischemia produces bilateral effects on brain monoamines.
The rôle of the chain length in the stability of polyion complexes (1974)

Abstract To demonstrate the cooperativity in the formation of an interpolymer complex, the stability of polyanion‐polycation complexes as a function of their chain length was studied. Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA; P̄ n ≈ 800) was used as source for the polyanion and quaternized alkylamines and polyethyleneimines with various chain lengths ( 1a–g and 2a–g ) as source for the polycation. The reaction was followed by the measurement of [H + ] from which the stability constants ( K ) of the complexes were calculated. It was found that the K ‐values increased exponentially from 10 2 to 8.10 4 l mol −1 with increasing chain length of the polycation. Furthermore, it was found that, in addition to C OULOMB ic forces, the hydrophobic interaction plays an important rǒle in the complexation.
The Self‐Assembled Structure of the Diblock Copolymer PCL‐<i>b</i>‐P4VP Transforms Upon Competitive Interactions with Octaphenol Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (2009)

This paper describes the miscibility and self-assembly, mediated by hydrogen-bonding interactions, of new block copolymer/nanoparticle blends. The morphologies adopted by the immiscible poly[(ε-caprolactone)-block-(4-vinyl pyridine)] (PCL-b-P4VP) diblock copolymer changes upon increasing the number of competitive hydrogen-bonding interactions after adding increasing amounts of octaphenol polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OP-POSS). Transmission electron microscopy reveals morphologies that exhibit high degrees of long-range order, such as cylindrical and spherical structures, at relatively low OP-POSS contents, and short-range order or disordered structures at higher OP-POSS contents. Analyses performed using differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and FT-IR spectroscopy provide positive evidence that the pyridyl units of the P4VP block are significantly stronger hydrogen-bond acceptors toward the OH group of OP-POSS than are the CO groups of the PCL block, thereby resulting in excluded and confined PCL phases.
Exploring Emergent Semantic Communities from DBLP Bibliography Database (2009)

In this paper, we construct a word association network from DBLP bibliography records and detect its evolution progress based on community discovery algorithm CPM and CPMw. We found that the network is of complex network characteristics, and the detected semantic communities can be classified into two categories: giant community and small community. They differ in size and content, and behave differently in the network evolution. Discovering the evolution of network and the emergent semantic communities can help researchers grasp the state of arts of the related field, identify emergent issues and thus inspire new idea to solve scientific questions.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF Π‐ALKENYL AND Σ‐ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS OF TRANSITION METALS AND STUDY OF THEIR PROPERTIES (1978)

Abstract Die Herstellung von n‐organischen Verbindungen von Nickel, z.B. (I), Chrom, Titan, Vanadin, Cobalt, Eisen und Mangan wird beschrieben.
Vibration Suppression PTC of Hard Disk Drives with Multirate Feedback Control (2007)

In the head positioning systems of hard disk drives (HDDs), multirate control is very effective since the sampling frequency is restricted by the mechanism. In the short- span seeking-mode, the mechanical vibration is getting crucial obstruction to achieve high-speed data access. In this paper, a high-order vibration suppression perfect tracking control (PTC) method is proposed based on multirate feedforward control. Moreover, the robustness against variation of primary vibration frequency is improved by a multirate feedback controller.
Mask CD control (CDC) with ultrafast laser for improving mask CDU using AIMS as the CD metrology data source (2007)

CD uniformity control by ultrafast laser system writing inside the bulk of photomasks has previously been shown to be an effective method for local CD Control (CDC) [1]. Intra-field CD variations correction has been implemented effectively in mask-shops and fabs based on CDC SEM [2, 3] and OCD as the CD data source. Using wafer CD data allows correction of all wafer field CD contributors at once, but does not allow correcting for mask CD signature alone. In case of a mask shop attempting to improve CDU of the mask regardless of a particular exposure tool, it is a better practice to use mask CD data by itself as the CD data source. We propose using an aerial imaging system AIMS<sup>TM</sup>45-193i as the mask CD data source for the CDC process. In this study we created a programmed CD mask (65nm dense L/S) with relatively large CD errors. The programmed CD mask was then measured by AIMS<sup>TM</sup>45-193i (AIMS45) which defined the CDU map of the programmed CD mask. The CDU data from AIMS<sup>TM</sup>45-193i was then used by Pixer CDC101 to correct the CDU and bring it back to a flat almost ideal CDU.
Effect of orbital atherectomy in calcified coronary artery lesions as assessed by optical coherence tomography (2018)

Calcium modification by OA facilitates poststent calcium fracture even in thick calcium. Greater calcium modification correlated with greater calcium fracture, in turn resulting in better stent expansion.
Beef Production from Mature Cows on Range Forage (1979)

Two experiments involving a total of 118 crossbred cows were conducted to determine effects of spaying, a 36 mg zeranol implant and a vaginal device on weight gains and carcass characteristics of mature cows grazing range forage. Grazing periods were 91 days for Experiment 1 and 70 days for Experiment 2. Spaying resulted in a nonsignificant depression of weight gains in both studies. Zeranol increased weight gains in Experiment 1 by 10.3% (P≃.13) and 17.1% (P≃.08) in Experiment 2. Zeranol affected carcass quality measures (P<.05 to P<.10), but effects were not consistent between the two studies. Weight gains of spayed cows with zeranol implants were equal to those of intact control cows. The effects of the vaginal device on weight gains were nonsignificant.
Development of Reliable Lithium Microreference Electrodes for Long-Term In Situ Studies of Lithium-Based Battery Systems (2004)

An in situ method to prepare lithium microreference electrodes has been developed. The microreference electrodes are made by electrochemical deposition of metallic lithium from both the positive and negative electrodes onto a copper wire positioned in-between the two Li-based battery electrodes. The stability of these microreference electrodes was found to be dependent on the deposition current density and the thickness of the metallic lithium layer. A current density of 0.2 mA/cm 2 and a lithium layer thickness of 4 m were shown to be the most favorable deposition condition. When the potential of the electrodes eventually starts to degrade due to ''consumption'' of the deposit, the microreference electrodes can advantageously be recovered by lithium redeposition. The redeposited electrodes were verified to be as stable as the freshly prepared electrodes. The validity of the microreference electrode was confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The microreference electrodes were employed to monitor the electrode potentials during prolonged cycling. The as-obtained potential plots of both the positive and negative electrodes are present in this paper.
Machine Learning Topological Invariants with Neural Networks (2018)

In this Letter we supervisedly train neural networks to distinguish different topological phases in the context of topological band insulators. After training with Hamiltonians of one-dimensional insulators with chiral symmetry, the neural network can predict their topological winding numbers with nearly 100% accuracy, even for Hamiltonians with larger winding numbers that are not included in the training data. These results show a remarkable success that the neural network can capture the global and nonlinear topological features of quantum phases from local inputs. By opening up the neural network, we confirm that the network does learn the discrete version of the winding number formula. We also make a couple of remarks regarding the role of the symmetry and the opposite effect of regularization techniques when applying machine learning to physical systems.
Amplified extrachromosomal elements containing <i>c-Myc</i> and <i>Pvt 1</i> in a mouse plasmacytoma (1995)

After adaptation of a mouse plasma cell tumor, MOPC265, to culture, we have found several unique chromosomal alterations in addition to the T(12;15) translocation and trisomy 11 frequently observed in plasmacytomas. Among these alterations is a specific coamplification of the c-Myc and Pvt 1 gene loci from mouse chromosome 15. Further analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrates that the amplicons of c-Myc and Pvt 1 exist as extrachromosomal elements as well as within intact chromosomes. Most importantly, the presence of both Pvt 1 and c-Myc in these extrachromosomal elements indicates ongoing coselection for these loci in the propagation of MOPC265.
Design tradeoffs for developing fragmented video carving tools (2014)

When conducting a digital forensic examination, there is sometimes a need to salvage as much playable video as possible from available data sources. Although an ideal outcome might be to have all deleted and partially overwritten file fragments identified, reassembled, and repaired to provide playable videos, there are situations where this is not possible. In addition, there are complexities in real world datasets that can lead to false positives and false negatives. This paper captures practical lessons learned from extensive experiences in this problem space, and describes tradeoffs that developers must consider when creating file carving tools for salvaging and reassembling fragmented AVI, MPEG, and 3GP video files. Recommendations are provided for each tradeoff, concentrating on increasing the amount of playable video fragments that can be salvaged, with the potential for duplicate copies of some fragments being salvaged. Developers need to carefully consider how to handle the tradeoffs described in this paper when developing fragmented video carving tools. In addition, digital investigators need to consider the strengths and limitations of different fragmented video carving methods, and need to select those that are best suited to their given dataset. Another important outcome of this work is that the products of some carving methods may be playable in one video viewer but not others, making it necessary to view carved results using various methods, including storyboarding. This paper also includes discussion of current challenges and potential future work in fragmented file carving, with the aim of advancing research and development of automated methods for reassembling salvaged video fragments.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: An Introduction and Overview (1997)

Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a relatively new technique for activating the cerebral cortex through the scalp and skull. By inducing electrical currents in the brain, rTMS is able to produce a variety of effects, including muscle twitching, changes in motor performance, disruption of cognitive and perceptual processes, and changes in mood. Although the technique is noninvasive and easily tolerated by patients and normal subjects, rTMS can produce epileptic seizures and, potentially, other undesirable effects on brain function. Further studies will be required to fully define the safe ranges of the stimulation parameters.
Chiral Metasurface Optomechanics (2019)

We report on mechanical action on light polarization, and its back-action effect, in a chiral metasurface. Our thin-film nanostructured semiconductor device may prove of relevance for fast polarization state generation and detection. © 2019 The Author(s)
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF SPIROCHLORIN FORMATION USING PORPHYRIN AMIDES (1980)

Abstract Cyc1isierungsreaktionen an Porphyrinen, z.B. Porphyrin‐amiden, werden untersucht und nach bekannten Verfahren der Porphyrinchemie entsprechende Kondensationsprodukte hergestellt.
RNA aptamers specifically interact with the Fc region of mouse immunoglobulin G (2008)

We have designed the in vitro selection method to obtain some aptamers such as a general antibody-probing agent, which might bind to the constant regions of mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses. As a consequence, one of the selected aptamers found to recognize mouse IgG1, 2a, and 3 subclasses. According to the binding assay, it is suggested that this aptamer recognizes the constant regions of mouse IgG subclass. In addition, this aptamer could recognize the only native form of mouse IgGs but the denatured IgGs. These features show the advantage of the aptamer as an antibody-probing agent rather than the usual secondary antibodies.
[3H]ouabain localization of Na-K ATPase in the epithelium of rabbit ciliary body pars plicata. (1988)

The secretion of the aqueous humor has been proposed to occur as the result of active Na+ transport by a ouabain-sensitive Na-K ATPase. We have examined the localization of this enzyme in the epithelium of rabbit ciliary body pars plicata using [3H]ouabain autoradiography. Single ciliary processes were isolated and incubated in Ringer containing [3H]ouabain. Processes were then rapidly frozen, freezedried, sectioned and exposed for autoradiography. In the light microscope, silver grains were found predominantly over the nonpigmented epithelial cells. In the electron microscope, grains could be localized for the most part to the interdigitations of the nonpigmented cell basolateral membrane. Label could also be observed at a much lower density above other membranes and above the pigmented and nonpigmented cell cytoplasm. No label was found in sections of control tissue which had been incubated in [3H]ouabain with an excess of cold ouabain. To show that the [3H]ouabain had free access to all of the membrane surfaces within the epithelium, in parallel experiments we incubated isolated processes in horseradish peroxidase. Our experiments suggest that most of the active Na+ transport in ciliary body epithelium occurs across the basolateral membrane of nonpigmented cells into the posterior chamber. Furthermore, the placement of the Na-K ATPase within the narrow membrane infoldings of the interdigitations is consistent with a role for this enzyme in water transport and the production of the aqueous.
Electron Transport Chain Defects in Alzheimer's Disease (1995)

To the Editor: We read with interest the paper by Parker et al [1] on electron transport chain defects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. We should like to point out that there have been two previous studies on cytochrome oxidase activity in AD that were not mentioned in this article. The first, by Reichmann et al, [2] analyzed …
Elastic pipeline (2011)

One of the major problems with the GPU on-chip shared memory is bank conflicts. We observed that the throughput of the GPU processor core is often constrained neither by the shared memory bandwidth, nor by the shared memory latency (as long as it stays constant), but is rather due to the varied latencies caused by memory bank conflicts. This results in conflicts at the writeback stage of the in-order pipeline and pipeline stalls, thus degrading system throughput. Based on this observation, we investigate and propose a novel elastic pipeline design that minimizes the negative impact of on-chip memory bank conflicts on system throughput, by decoupling bank conflicts from pipeline stalls. Simulation results show that our proposed elastic pipeline together with the co-designed bank-conflict aware warp scheduling reduces the pipeline stalls by up to 64.0% (with 42.3% on average) and improves the overall performance by up to 20.7% (on average 13.3%) for our benchmark applications, at trivial hardware overhead.
Export without proteolytic processing of inner and outer membrane proteins encoded by F sex factor tra cistrons in Escherichia coli minicells. (1979)

Most tra proteins encoded by the Escherichia coli F sex factor are incorporated into the minicell envelope. We have now assigned the tra proteins to cytoplasm (TraIp and 2b), inner membrane (TraEp, TraMp, and TraSp), and outer membrane (6e, TraAp, TraBp, TraJp, TraKp, TraLp, and TraTp). two proteins, TraDp and 6d, were associated with both inner and outer membranes. The proteins exported to the inner or outer membranes did not undergo proteolytic cleavage (processing) whereas beta-lactamase was processed normally.
8-hydroxy-2′ -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG): A Critical Biomarker of Oxidative Stress and Carcinogenesis (2009)

There is extensive experimental evidence that oxidative damage permanently occurs to lipids of cellular membranes, proteins, and DNA. In nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) or 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is one of the predominant forms of free radical-induced oxidative lesions, and has therefore been widely used as a biomarker for oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Studies showed that urinary 8-OHdG is a good biomarker for risk assessment of various cancers and degenerative diseases. The most widely used method of quantitative analysis is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection (EC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and HPLC tandem mass spectrometry. In order to resolve the methodological problems encountered in measuring quantitatively 8-OHdG, the European Standards Committee for Oxidative DNA Damage was set up in 1997 to resolve the artifactual oxidation problems during the procedures of isolation and purification of oxidative DNA products. The biomarker 8-OHdG or 8-oxodG has been a pivotal marker for measuring the effect of endogenous oxidative damage to DNA and as a factor of initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. The biomarker has been used to estimate the DNA damage in humans after exposure to cancer-causing agents, such as tobacco smoke, asbestos fibers, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In recent years, 8-OHdG has been used widely in many studies not only as a biomarker for the measurement of endogenous oxidative DNA damage but also as a risk factor for many diseases including cancer.
A transport layer load sharing mechanism for mobile wireless hosts (2004)

We introduce a transport layer solution for bandwidth aggregation, based on extending stream control transmission protocol (SCTP). The extended SCTP, which we refer to as load-sharing SCTP (LS-SCTP), is able to aggregate the bandwidth of the transmission paths between the communicating endpoints. In addition, LS-SCTP can dynamically add new paths to the bundle, as they become available. To insure that the transport connection does not stall due to the high loss rate or due to continuous failure of individual paths, LS-SCTP includes path monitoring and packet assignment mechanisms. These mechanisms monitor the paths and stripe the packets according to their condition. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed mechanism in providing throughput and reliability to mobile applications.
The surgical treatment of snoring (1996)

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THE COMPLETE SOLUBILITY CURVE OF CALCIUM CARBONATE. (1916)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE COMPLETE SOLUBILITY CURVE OF CALCIUM CARBONATE.John Johnston and E. D. WilliamsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1916, 38, 5, 975–983Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1916Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1916https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02262a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02262a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1214Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of prothrombin activation by antiphospholipid antibodies and β<sub>2</sub>‐glycoprotein 1 (1994)

Lupus anticoagulants, commonly found in the immunoglobulin fraction of patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and the normal plasma protein beta 2-glycoprotein 1 (beta 2GP1) may both contribute to the in vitro impairment of prothrombin activation associated with the APS. We examined the effects upon prothrombin activation supported by phospholipid vesicles of plasma IgG preparations from APS patients in the presence and absence of beta 2GP1. Using a purified system for measurement of prothrombin activation to thrombin, we demonstrated significant phospholipid concentration-dependent inhibition of prothrombin activation in the absence of beta 2GP1 by 11 consecutive patient IgG preparations. The degree of inhibition of prothrombin activation by equivalent concentrations of patient IgG correlated well with the extent of prolongation of the plasma clotting time in lupus anticoagulant assays of whole patient plasma. Additional studies with eight patient IgG preparations indicated that the addition of beta 2GP1 to patient IgG-phospholipid vesicle mixtures resulted in either independently additive inhibition by the two protein species (six cases) or potential inhibition of beta 2GP1 of the IgG inhibitory activity demonstrable in the absence of beta 2 GP1 (two cases). In addition, beta 2GP1-independent inhibition of prothrombin activation also occurred with three patient IgG preparations obtained by affinity binding to cardiolipin.