gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Color Names for Real-World Applications (2009)

Color names are required in real-world applications such as image retrieval and image annotation. Traditionally, they are learned from a collection of labeled color chips. These color chips are labeled with color names within a well-defined experimental setup by human test subjects. However, naming colors in real-world images differs significantly from this experimental setting. In this paper, we investigate how color names learned from color chips compare to color names learned from real-world images. To avoid hand labeling real-world images with color names, we use Google Image to collect a data set. Due to the limitations of Google Image, this data set contains a substantial quantity of wrongly labeled data. We propose several variants of the PLSA model to learn color names from this noisy data. Experimental results show that color names learned from real-world images significantly outperform color names learned from labeled color chips for both image retrieval and image annotation.
COSMIC: the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (2018)

COSMIC, the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk) is the most detailed and comprehensive resource for exploring the effect of somatic mutations in human cancer. The latest release, COSMIC v86 (August 2018), includes almost 6 million coding mutations across 1.4 million tumour samples, curated from over 26 000 publications. In addition to coding mutations, COSMIC covers all the genetic mechanisms by which somatic mutations promote cancer, including non-coding mutations, gene fusions, copy-number variants and drug-resistance mutations. COSMIC is primarily hand-curated, ensuring quality, accuracy and descriptive data capture. Building on our manual curation processes, we are introducing new initiatives that allow us to prioritize key genes and diseases, and to react more quickly and comprehensively to new findings in the literature. Alongside improvements to the public website and data-download systems, new functionality in COSMIC-3D allows exploration of mutations within three-dimensional protein structures, their protein structural and functional impacts, and implications for druggability. In parallel with COSMIC's deep and broad variant coverage, the Cancer Gene Census (CGC) describes a curated catalogue of genes driving every form of human cancer. Currently describing 719 genes, the CGC has recently introduced functional descriptions of how each gene drives disease, summarized into the 10 cancer Hallmarks.
Topology Pattern Mining: A Visual Approach for Detecting and Retrieving Design Patterns of Spatial Topology in a Case Library (2012)

CAD tools are becoming increasingly powerful today.They provide users with more efficiency and improve the overall performance of design activities.CAD software publishers include specific tools that are dedicated to knowledge management in order to achieve this design performance and significant savings.The use of these tools and certain functions is nevertheless context-oriented.A decisional model for the use of knowledgeware has therefore been developed here, and the application of knowledgeware in different industrial cases is discussed.
Chemical Compounding of Liquid Urethane Elastomers (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Compounding of Liquid Urethane ElastomersRobert J. AtheyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 7, 611–612Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50607a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50607a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Annealing temperature window for tunneling magnetoresistance and spin torque switching in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (2011)

Annealing temperature (Ta) and free layer thickness dependencies of magnetic properties and spin-transfer torque switching were investigated in CoFeB-MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Annealing process was found to be critical to buildup PMA. As Ta increases, switching field of free layer and reference layer is enhanced first then drops, corresponding to the improvement and collapse of PMA in both layers. However, it should be noted that PMA of free layer and the tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) are maximized at different Ta zones. Spin transfer torque study pointed out that switching current density (Jc) depends on the combined effects from PMA, spin polarization, and saturation magnetization, which all depend on Ta values. Thickness dependence study revealed that Jc relies on the competing results of the thickness and PMA. The lowest critical switching current density achieved is 2.1 MA/cm2, accompanied with a TMR around 52% at room temperature.
Multi-point multi-port reduction of high-speed distributed interconnects using Krylov-space techniques (2003)

Accurate simulation of large interconnect networks has become a necessity to address signal integrity issues in high-speed designs. Several model-reduction techniques based on Krylov-space methods have been proposed recently for efficient simulation of large linear networks. However a major limitation of these techniques is that they cannot handle distributed transmission lines directly; instead they need lumped models based on discretization of Telegrapher's equations. In order to overcome this difficulty, a new technique is presented in this paper to handle distributed transmission lines directly in a Krylov-space based algorithm.
Cholestatic jaundice associated with chlorozotocin. (1980)

Clinical and pathologic studies of three cases of drug-induced cholestatic jaundice associated with the new antineoplastic agent chlorozotocin are presented. All three patients had received intermittent treatment with high doses of chlorozotocin. The recognition of this unusual form of hepatotoxicity is important in view of the many possible causes of jaundice in cancer patients.
Transcriptional regulation of the rat NAD(P)H:quinone reductase gene (1991)

We have identified two regions in the 5'-flanking sequence of the rat quinone reductase gene that contain xenobiotic responsive elements. The DNA sequence of the first region spans nucleotides -393 to -352 of the 5'-flanking region and shares sequence identity with the xenobiotic responsive element (XRE) described for the cytochrome P-450 CYPIA1 gene. The DNA sequence of the second region spans nucleotides -434 to -404 of the 5'-flanking region of the quinone reductase structural gene. When a synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to nucleotides -434 to -404 was inserted in front of a heterologous promoter linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase structural gene, an increase in basal level expression as well as responsiveness to beta-naphthoflavone and t-butylhydroquinone, but not 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, was observed. The sequence, -434 to -404, did not have any sequence identity with the XRE but shared a large degree of identity with the antioxidant responsive element recently described for the rat glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene (Rushmore, T. H., King, R. G., Paulson, K. E., and Pickett, C. B. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 87, 3826-3830; Rushmore, T. H., and Pickett, C. B. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 14648-14653). These results indicate that the antioxidant responsive element can be distinguished functionally from the classical XRE and is also involved in the regulation of the quinone reductase gene by planar aromatic compounds and phenolic antioxidants.
Texplore- exploring expository texts via hierarchical representation (1998)

Exploring expository texts presents an interest- Jig and important ch_allenge. They are read routinely and extensively in the fore of online newspapers, web-based articles, reports, technical aud academic papers. We present a system, called Texplore, which assists readers in exploring the content of expository texts. The system provides two mech-ms for text exploration, an expandable outline that represents the hierarchical structure of the text, and a concept index, hot-linked to the concept references in the text. The hierarchical structure is discov- ered using lexical cohesion methods combined with hierarchical agglomerative clustering. The list of concepts are discovered by n-gram analysis filtered by part-of-speech patterns. Rather than the common presentation of documents by static abstracts, Texplore provides dynamic presentation of the text&apos;s content, where the user controls the level of details.
Design Research Guidelines for Mindful IT Innovations: The Case of RFID Innovation in Supply Chain Management (2013)

Design research is a promising research stream in the IS field, yet research output has been limited. Studies argue that this is due to the complexity of the design research methodology and that design research rarely incorporates the firm context into the design. We propose to include mindful IT innovation process into design research. The IT innovation process is a simple and easy to understand process model of IT innovation. Mindfulness on the other hand ensures that the design outcome resists IT trends, aligns IT with the firm context, fits IT with the existing system, and can ultimately lead to firm capabilities. We illustrate the proposed concept in the form of mindful design principles and instantiate the mindful design principles on a RFID innovation for a complete garment supply chain. The evaluation of the RFID innovation shows that significant benefits can be gained in an operational, tactical, and strategic sense.
Methods of Artificial Enlargement of the Training Set for Statistical Shape Models (2008)

Due to the small size of training sets, statistical shape models often over-constrain the deformation in medical image segmentation. Hence, artificial enlargement of the training set has been proposed as a solution for the problem to increase the flexibility of the models. In this paper, different methods were evaluated to artificially enlarge a training set. Furthermore, the objectives were to study the effects of the size of the training set, to estimate the optimal number of deformation modes, to study the effects of different error sources, and to compare different deformation methods. The study was performed for a cardiac shape model consisting of ventricles, atria, and epicardium, and built from magnetic resonance (MR) volume images of 25 subjects. Both shape modeling and image segmentation accuracies were studied. The objectives were reached by utilizing different training sets and datasets, and two deformation methods. The evaluation proved that artificial enlargement of the training set improves both the modeling and segmentation accuracy. All but one enlargement techniques gave statistically significantly (p < 0.05) better segmentation results than the standard method without enlargement. The two best enlargement techniques were the nonrigid movement technique and the technique that combines principal component analysis (PCA) and finite element model (FEM). The optimal number of deformation modes was found to be near 100 modes in our application. The active shape model segmentation gave better segmentation accuracy than the one based on the simulated annealing optimization of the model weights.
Visual Observation of Redistribution and Dissolution of Palladium during the Suzuki–Miyaura Reaction (2008)

Now you see it, now you don't: A specially designed reactor that heats only a small area of Pd foil during a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling permits observation of the surface changes during the reaction. Dissolution of Pd occurs only in the heated zone, and only in the presence of aryl iodide, whereas deposition of Pd occurs preferentially on the unheated zones adjacent to the reactive zone. SEM and XPS are employed to probe the surface before and after reaction.
A new sample-and-hold device and its application to the realization of digital filters (1968)

The realization of a miniaturized adding sample-and-hold device is described. Its delay is continuously adjustable over a range of 1 to 100. Using these circuits, digital filters can be realized in the real-time domain, operating with sampling frequencies from 20 kHz to 200 Hz.
Cyanoborohydride supported on an anion exchange resin as a selective reducing agent (1978)

R. O. Hutchins, N. R. Natale and I. M. Taffer, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1978, 1088 DOI: 10.1039/C39780001088
Iris detection for gaze tracking using video frames (2015)

The computation of gaze direction is important in modern interactive systems. The displays in real-time monitoring systems depend on spatial and temporal characteristics of eye movement. Research studies indicate the requirement for efficient and novel techniques in human computer interaction. A strong need for gaze tracking methods that eliminate initial setup and attune procedure is required. The pupil, iris and eye corners provide parametric data to determine gaze direction. Gaze tracking algorithm is initiated by iris localization. The approach of iris detection using frames captured from the video is significant for feature based gaze tracking. In this paper, the procedures for face and eye detection in visible light are discussed. The novel method discussed in this paper identify single face image appropriate for gaze tracking by elimination of multiple and non-face images. Iris detection is performed using Hough gradient method. The correctness rate of iris detection obtained is 95%.
<i>System 75:</i>Software Development Tools (1985)

Efficient development of high-quality software requires a comprehensive set of software development tools. Tools used within the System 75 office communication system project support a hierarchical model of development, and range from compilers, assemblers, and debuggers to high-level tools that drive the software manufacturing process and aid in monitoring software quality and performance. Tools are applied in each of the many steps required to develop, test, integrate, and maintain product releases. Staff roles and procedures for use of these tools encompass a set of development and release-management cycles that begin with the individual developer and extend into the field support organization. The roles and procedures are flexible and easily customized to support various individual and group assignments. Specific tools to be described include the Object Generation System, the Local Administrative Tool Kit; the Oryx/Pecos Test, Inquiry, and Control System; tools for testing processes in isolation; manufacturing and distribution tools; performance-measurement tools; source-control and change-management tools; and tools for program update and system analysis at field sites.
Introduction (2015)

Abstract This introductory chapter outlines the entire book's discourse on the relationship between poetry to individual and collective loss, the dispossession of peoples and languages, and singular events of destruction in the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first centuries. It does so in the context of the devastating events that took place in the destruction of Palestine in 1948, and in relation to colonizing acts of violence that preceded, occasioned, and followed it. The loss of Palestine imparts a destruction of world and a violent rupture with ways of being and living, and yet this rupture will never simply have ended, having been located, finally, within a historical past. The chapter presents the organization of the text, separating texts by period, language, literary institution, and genre—Mahmoud Darwish's late lyric poetry and his Limadhatarakta al-hisanawahidan?, Ahmad Faris al-Shidyaq's al-Saq 'ala al-saq, Taha Husayn's Fi al-shi'r al-jahili, Edmond Amran El Maleh's Mille ans, un jour, Elias Khoury's Bab alshams, and Shimon Ballas's Iya.
UWB MIMO radar arrays for small area surveillance applications (2007)

This paper addresses the issue of selection of an UWB radar array with multiple transmit and receive antennas (MIMO) for the application of small area surveillance. A comparison of classical radar arrays with a single transmit antenna and those using MIMO arrays is presented through a simulator tool. The simulator allows to define a reference 3-D scenario with a set of point scatterers, and to obtain a synthetic raw data that is then used to form a 3-D image. Different topologies have been tested, showing how MIMO antenna systems provide a narrower beamwidth, higher side-lobes rejection ration and a larger alias-free area. (6 pages)
A modal architecture for artificial reverberation (2013)

The method of analyzing an acoustic space by way of modal decomposition is well established. In this work, a computational structure employing modal decomposition is introduced for synthesizing artificial reverberation, implementing the modes using a collection of resonant filters, each driven by the source signal and summed in a parallel structure. With filter resonance frequencies and dampings tuned to the modal frequencies and decay times of the space, and filter gains set according to the source and listener positions, any number of acoustic spaces and resonant objects may be simulated. While convolutional reverberators provide accurate models but are inflexible and computationally expensive, and delay network structures provide only approximate models but are interactive and computationally efficient, the modal structure presented in this work provides explicit, interactive control over the parameters of each mode, allowing accurate modeling of acoustic spaces, movement within them and morphing among them. Issues of sufficient modal density, computational efficiency and memory use are discussed. Finally, models of measured and analytically derived reverberant systems are presented, including a medium-sized acoustic room and an electro-mechanical spring reverberator.
Enhanced Formaldehyde‐Vapor Adsorption Capacity of Polymeric Amine‐Incorporated Aminosilicas (2014)

Airborne formaldehyde, which is a highly problematic volatile organic compound (VOC) pollutant, is adsorbed by polymeric amine-incorporated silicas (aminosilicas), and the factors that affect the adsorption performance are systematically investigated. Three different types of polymeric amines 1) poly(ethyleneimine) branched (PEIBR); 2) poly(ethyleneimine) linear (PEILI); and 3) poly(allylamine) (PAA) are impregnated into two types of porous silicas [SBA-15 and mesocellular foam (MCF) silicas] with systematic changes of the amine loadings. The adsorption results demonstrate that the adsorption capacity increases along with the amine loading until the polymeric amines completely fill the silica pores. This results in the MCF silica, which has a larger pore volume and hence can accommodate more polymeric amine before completely filling the pore, giving materials that adsorb more formaldehyde, with the largest adsorption capacity, q, of up to 5.7 mmolHCHO g(-1) among the samples studied herein. Of the three different types of polymers, PAA, comprised of 100 % primary amines, showed the highest amine efficiency μ (mmolHCHO/mmolN) for capturing formaldehyde. The chemical structures of the adsorbed formaldehyde are analyzed by (13)C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR, and it is demonstrated that the adsorbed formaldehyde is chemically attached to the aminosilica surface, forming hemiaminal and imine species. Because the chemical adsorption of formaldehyde forms covalent bonds, it is not desorbed from the aminosilicas below 130 °C based on temperature-programed-desorption (TPD) analysis. The high formaldehyde-adsorption capacity and stability of the trapped formaldehyde on the amine surface in this study reveal the potential utility of aminosilicas as formaldehyde abatement materials.
Functional defects of RNA-negative temperature-sensitive mutants of Sindbis and Semliki Forest viruses (1979)

Defects in RNA and protein synthesis of seven Sindbis virus and seven Semliki Forest virus RNA-negative, temperature-sensitive mutants were studied after shift to the restrictive temperature (39 degrees C) in the middle of the growth cycle. Only one of the mutants, Ts-6 of Sindbis virus, a representative of complementation group F, was clearly unable to continue RNA synthesis at 39 degrees C, apparently due to temperature-sensitive polymerase. The defect was reversible and affected the synthesis of both 42S and 26S RNA equally, suggesting that the same polymerase component(s) is required for the synthesis of both RNA species. One of the three Sindbis virus mutants of complementation group A, Ts-4, and one RNA +/- mutant of Semliki Forest virus, ts-10, showed a polymerase defect even at the permissive temperature. Seven of the 14 RNA-negative mutants showed a preferential reduction in 26S RNA synthesis. The 26S RNA-defective mutants of Sindbis virus were from two different complementation groups, A and G, indicating that functions of two viral nonstructural proteins ("A" and "G") are required in the regulation of the synthesis of 26S RNA. Since the synthesis of 42S RNA continued, these functions of proteins A and G are not needed for the polymerization of RNA late in infection. The RNA-negative phenotype of 26S RNA-deficient mutants implies that proteins regulating the synthesis of this subgenomic RNA must have another function vital for RNA synthesis early in infection or in the assembly of functional polymerase. Several of the mutants having a specific defect in the synthesis of 26S RNA showed an accumulation of a large nonstructural precursor protein with a molecular weight of about 200,000. One even larger protein was demonstrated in both Semliki Forest virus- and Sindbis virus-infected cells which probably represents the entire nonstructural polyprotein.