gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of molar substitution and degree of substitution of hydroxypropyl cellulose by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of molar substitution and degree of substitution of hydroxypropyl cellulose by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometryFloyd F. L. Ho, Robert R. Kohler, and George A. WardCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 1, 178–181Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60309a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60309a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2043Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intracellular free magnesium in erythrocytes of essential hypertension: relation to blood pressure and serum divalent cations. (1984)

Intracellular levels of free Mg2+ in human erythrocytes were determined by 31P NMR spectroscopy in 26 fasted subjects and were correlated with blood pressures and serum levels of total magnesium (bound and free Mg2+) and ionized calcium from the same subjects in a seated position. Untreated hypertensive individuals consistently demonstrated lower levels of intracellular free magnesium (192 +/- 8 microM, n = 11) than either normotensive (261 +/- 9.8 microM, n = 7, P less than 0.001 vs. untreated hypertensive subjects) or hypertensive subjects whose blood pressure had been normalized on therapy (237 +/- 7.8 microM, n = 8, P less than 0.005 vs. untreated hypertensives). For all subjects, strong relationships existed between intracellular free magnesium and diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.85, P less than 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.71, P less than 0.001). Significant relationships also were observed between intracellular free magnesium levels and extracellular serum levels of calcium ion (r = -0.77, P less than 0.001) as well as serum concentrations of total magnesium (r = 0.62, P less than 0.001). We conclude that significant depletion of intracellular free magnesium levels are apparent in erythrocytes of subjects with essential hypertension. Furthermore, the close, inverse relationship of free magnesium levels with the height of the blood pressure suggests that abnormalities of intracellular magnesium metabolism may contribute to the pathophysiology of human essential hypertension.
Low power logic synthesis under a general delay model (1998)

Till now most efforts in low power lo gic synthesis have oncentr ated on minimizing the total switching activity of a circuit under a zero delay model. This simplification ignor es the effe cts of glitch tr ansitions which may contribute as much as 30% of the total power c onsumption of a circuit. Hence, low power logic synthesis techniques which optimize power under a zer o delay model ar e often not successful in attaining “r eal” p ower savings as measured under a more accurate gener al delay model. In pr actice, to ac curately estimate the switching activity in a circuit under a gener al delay model can be computationally expensive. Hence, to repeatedly call accurate but slow power estimation tools to dir ect the synthesis flow is not a viable approach in the design of low power synthesis tools. In this pap er we take advantage of a fast method for estimating the total switching activity in a circuit under a general delay model to synthesize low power circuits. Sp ecific ally,we use the appr oximation as a basis for algorithms that solve two problems: (1) low power te chnolo gy decomposition of gates under a gener al delay model (2) low power r etiming of sequential cir cuits under a general delay model.
Performance of OpenDPI in Identifying Sampled Network Traffic (2013)

The identification of the nature of the traffic flowing through a TCP/IP network is a relevant target for traffic engineering and security related tasks. Despite the privacy concerns it arises, Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) is one of the most successful current techniques. Nevertheless, the performance of DPI is strongly limited by computational issues related to the huge amount of data it needs to handle, both in terms of number of packets and the length of the packets. One way to reduce the computational overhead with identification techniques is to sample the traffic being monitored. This paper addresses the sensitivity of OpenDPI, one of the most powerful freely available DPI systems, with sampled network traffic. Two sampling techniques are applied and compared: the per-packet payload sampling, and the per-flow packet sampling. Based on the obtained results, some conclusions are drawn to show how far DPI methods could be optimised through traffic sampling.
A thermally stable salicide process using N/sub 2/ implantation into TiSi/sub 2/ (2002)

TiSi/sub 2/ is an appropriate candidate for the self-aligned silicide (salicide) process. However, it degrades morphologically and the film sheet resistance increases during high-temperature annealing. A thermally stable salicide process using N/sub 2/ implantation into TiSi/sub 2/ has been developed in order to retard this phenomenon. The morphology of the TiSi/sub 2/ film and the film sheet resistance were evaluated as a function of implanted N/sub 2/ dose after high-temperature annealing. The sample which received the highest dose exhibited the best film morphology, while there is an optimum dose for maintaining the film sheet resistance at its maximum value. The dependence of sheet resistance on implanted N/sub 2/ dose is discussed in terms of agglomeration, film composition, and implantation damage. A successful application to a submicron MOS transistor is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rethink the sync (2006)

We introduce external synchrony, a new model for local file I/O that provides the reliability and simplicity of synchronous I/O, yet also closely approximates the performance of asynchronous I/O. An external observer cannot distinguish the output of a computer with an externally synchronous file system from the output of a computer with a synchronous file system. No application modification is required to use an externally synchronous file system: in fact, application developers can program to the simpler synchronous I/O abstraction and still receive excellent performance. We have implemented an externally synchronous file system for Linux, called xsyncfs. Xsyncfs provides the same durability and ordering guarantees as those provided by a synchronously mounted ext3 file system. Yet, even for I/O-intensive benchmarks, xsyncfs performance is within 7% of ext3 mounted asynchronously. Compared to ext3 mounted synchronously, xsyncfs is up to two orders of magnitude faster.
On-wafer BIST of a 200-Gb/s failed-bit search for 1-Gb DRAM (1997)

An on-wafer built-in self-test (BIST) technique has been developed to implement a 200 Gb/s failed-bit search for a 1-Gb DRAM. The BIST circuits include a 4-kb very-long word bus and an on-wafer test management unit to probe DRAM arrays and compress test results. The 1-Gb DRAM is fabricated as a test device using a 0.16-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. As a result, the BIST reduces the wafer test time to less than 1/100 that of bit-by-bit testing.
The presence and role of hormone-sensitive lipase in heart muscle (1989)

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyses the initial, rate-limiting, reaction in adipose-tissue lipolysis. Hormone-stimulated lipolytic activity has also been observed in the heart, where endogenous triacylglycerol is the major energy store. However, the identity of the intracellular lipase responsible has yet to be established. We have partially purified a neutral lipase from bovine heart muscle and compared its properties with those of HSL from bovine adipose tissue. The heart lipase has the same subunit Mr as HSL, is immunoprecipitated by antiserum raised against purified HSL and is phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, apparently at the same site as HSL (as judged by h.p.l.c. of tryptic phosphopeptides). Phosphorylation of the heart lipase was found to result in increased enzyme activity, demonstrating the lipase's potential to respond to hormonal stimuli. The heart lipase was shown to be present in myocytes by its immunoprecipitation from homogenates of rat myocytes by anti-HSL antiserum. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that HSL is responsible for intracellular lipolysis in heart.
Autoxidation of micelle-solubilized linoleic acid. Relative inhibitory efficiencies of ascorbate and ascorbyl palmitate (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutoxidation of micelle-solubilized linoleic acid. Relative inhibitory efficiencies of ascorbate and ascorbyl palmitateWilliam A. Pryor, Michael J. Kaufman, and Daniel F. ChurchCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 2, 281–283Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00202a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00202a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Channel estimation for DS-CDMA downlink with aperiodic spreading codes (1999)

Synchronous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) techniques possess intrinsic protection against cochannel interference when orthogonal spreading codes are used. However, in the presence of multipath propagation, the signals lose their orthogonality property, leading to increased cross correlation. In these cases, channel estimation may be needed in order to improve detection. We propose and compare several algorithms for channel estimation of a synchronous CDMA point-to-multipoint link (downlink) that uses aperiodic spreading waveforms. We compare by simulation and analysis a subspace approach, a pilot-aided approach, and a decision-based approach.
The Critical Role of DNA Extraction for Detection of Mycobacteria in Tissues (2013)

Our findings point to the most appropriate methods for extracting DNA from tissue samples for the purpose of detecting and quantifying mycobacteria. These data also inform on the limits of detection for two mycobacterial species and indicate that increasing the sample mass to improve analytic sensitivity comes at the cost of inhibition of PCR by host DNA.
Swift (2012)

Code quality and compilation speed are two challenges to JIT compilers, while selective compilation is commonly used to trade-off these two issues. Meanwhile, with more and more Java applications running in mobile devices, selective compilation meets many problems. Since these applications always have flat execution profile and short live time, a lightweight JIT technique without losing code quality is extremely needed. However, the overhead of compiling stack-based Java bytecode to heterogeneous register-based machine code is significant in embedded devices. This paper presents a fast and effective JIT technique for mobile devices, building on a register-based Java bytecode format which is more similar to the underlying machine architecture. Through a comprehensive study on the characteristics of Java applications, we observe that virtual registers used by more than 90% Java methods can be directly fulfilled by 11 physical registers. Based on this observation, this paper proposes Swift, a novel JIT compiler on register-based bytecode, which generates native code for RISC machines. After mapping virtual registers to physical registers, the code is generated efficiently by looking up a translation table. And the code quality is guaranteed by the static compiler which is used to generate register-based bytecode. Besides, we design two lightweight optimizations and an efficient code unloader to make Swift more suitable for embedded environment. As the prevalence of Android, a prototype of Swift is implemented upon DEX bytecode which is the official distribution format of Android applications. Swift is evaluated with three benchmarks (SPECjvm98, EmbeddedCaffeineMark3 and JemBench2) on two different ARM SOCs: S3C6410 (armv6) and OMAP3530 (armv7). The results show that Swift achieves a speedup of 3.13 over the best-performing interpreter on the selected benchmarks. Compared with the state-of-the-art JIT compiler in Android, JITC-Droid, Swift achieves a speedup of 1.42.
Interlingual indexing across different languages (2004)

We present two methods for automatic indexing, which are based on an interlingual layer of content description. In the first approach, we acquire indexing patterns from English documents by statistically relating interlingual representations of English documents (based on text token bigrams) to their associated index terms. Given such indexing patterns, we then induce the associated index terms when the same interlingual representations turn up for documents of other natural languages (viz. German and Portuguese). Hence, we 'learn' from the past English indexing experience and transfer it in an unsupervised way to non-English languages, without ever having seen any concrete indexing data for languages other than English. In the second approach, documents from the three different languages are heuristically matched with a sophisticated medical thesaurus (the English MeSH) after both, documents and the thesaurus, have been transformed into the interlingua. The combination of the statistical and heuristical method in a fully automated indexing system achieves 56% to 68% of the human indexing performance for each of the three languages.
A novel profluorescent probe for detecting oxidative stress induced by metal and H2O2 in living cells (2010)

A profluorescent probe that has no fluorescent response to H(2)O(2), iron or copper ions but can be readily activated in the presence of both H(2)O(2) and Fe (or Cu) ion has been developed; the probe is capable of detecting oxidative stress promoted by Fe (or Cu) and H(2)O(2) (i.e. the Fenton reaction conditions) in living cells.
Low-Dose IFNγ Induces Tumor Cell Stemness in Tumor Microenvironment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2019)

IFNγ is conventionally recognized as an inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in antitumor immunity. Although it has been used clinically to treat a variety of malignancies, low levels of IFNγ in the tumor microenvironment (TME) increase the risk of tumor metastasis during immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that IFNγ can induce cancer progression, yet the mechanisms underlying the controversial role of IFNγ in tumor development remain unclear. Here, we reveal a dose-dependent effect of IFNγ in inducing tumor stemness to accelerate cancer progression in patients with a variety of cancer types. Low levels of IFNγ endowed cancer stem-like properties via the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1)-PI3K-Akt-Notch1 axis, whereas high levels of IFNγ activated the JAK1-STAT1-caspase pathway to induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Inhibition of ICAM1 abrogated the stem-like properties of NSCLC cells induced by the low dose of IFNγ both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. This study unveils the role of low levels of IFNγ in conferring tumor stemness and elucidates the distinct signaling pathways activated by IFNγ in a dose-dependent manner, thus providing new insights into cancer treatment, particularly for patients with low expression of IFNγ in the TME. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings reveal the dose-dependent effect of IFNγ in inducing tumor stemness and elucidate the distinct molecular mechanisms activated by IFNγ in a dose-dependent manner.
A difíciltransição: análise das trajetórias ocupacionais de jovens operários metalúrgicos (2000)

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir as trajetórias ocupacionais de jovens trabalhadores metalúrgicos, de 18 a 25 anos, bem como seus níveis de escolaridade e as diferentes formas de treinamento e aperfeiçoamento profissionaisno contexto dastransformaçõestécnicas e organizacionais do trabalho. Neste sentido, toma como referência as discussões a respeito da relação educação e trabalho e as análisessobre as trajetórias de transição da juventude para a vida adulta.Abstract:The paper discussesme occupational trajectoires of 18-25 year-old steelworkers aswell as meir educational backgrotind and different qualifying experiences in me context of labour technological and organizational transformations. The text also analyses me relationship between educational and labour and trajectoires of transition form youth to adult life.Descriptors: youm, labour, trajectories of transition, education and labour.
An overview of neural networks for control (1991)

The potential of neural network controllers is considered in general terms. Some specific methods are then examined. They are supervised control, direct inverse control, neural adaptive control, backpropagation of utility, and adaptive critic methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Web Service Architecture for a Meta Search Engine (2011)

With the rapid advancements in Information Technology, Information Retrieval on Internet is gaining its importance day by day. Nowadays there are millions of Websites and billions of homepages available on the Internet. Search Engines are the essential tools for the purpose of retrieving the required information from the Web. But the existing search engines have many problems such as not having wide scope, imbalance in accessing the sites etc. So, the effectiveness of a search engine plays a vital role. Meta search engines are such systems that can provide effective information by accessing multiple existing search engines such as Dog Pile, Meta Crawler etc, but most of them cannot successfully operate on heterogeneous and fully dynamic web environment. In this paper we propose a Web Service Architecture for Meta Search Engine to cater the need of heterogeneous and dynamic web environment. The objective of our proposal is to exploit most of the features offered by Web Services through the implementation of a Web Service Meta Search Engine .
In-Situ Method for TSV Delay Testing and Characterization Using Input Sensitivity Analysis (2012)

In this paper, we propose a method and the required architecture for characterizing the propagation delays of the through Silicon vias (TSVs) in a 3-D IC. First of all, every two TSVs are paired up to form an oscillation ring with some peripheral circuits. Their joint performance can thus be measured roughly by the oscillation period of the ring. Next, we utilize a technique called sensitivity analysis to further derive the propagation delay of each individual TSV participating in an oscillation ring-a distilling process. In this process, we perturb the strength of the two TSV drivers, and then measure their effects in terms of the change of the oscillation ring's period. By some following analysis, the propagation delay of each TSV can be revealed. On top of scheme, we also present an architecture that can activate the performance characterization process of each test unit - that consists of two TSVs - one at a time in a proper sequence. The area overhead is only 18.97 equivalent two-input NAND gate per TSV, by which one can gain the ability to profile the capacitances and the propagation delays of the TSVs on a 3-D IC.
Energy efficient D-TLB and data cache using semantic-aware multilateral partitioning (2003)

The memory subsystem, including address translations and cache accesses, consumes a major portion of the overall energy on a processor. In this paper, we address the memory energy issues by using a streamlined architectural partitioning technique that effectively reduces energy consumption in the memory subsystem without compromising performance. It is achieved by decoupling the d-TLB lookups and the data cache accesses, based on the semantic regions defined by programming languages and software convention, into discrete reference substreams --- stack, global static, and heap. Their unique access behaviors and locality characteristics are analyzed and exploited for power reduction. Our results show that an average of 35% energy can be reduced in the d-TLB and the data cache. Furthermore, an average of 46% energy can be saved by selectively multi-porting the semantic-aware d-TLBs and data caches against their monolithic counterparts.
Raman Microspectrometry Applied to the Study of Electrode Materials for Lithium Batteries (2009)

International audience
Interpretation of capnography. (1998)

The anesthetist will get the most information out of a capnograph if it is examined systematically. First, the anesthetist must determine whether exhaled CO2 (i.e., a waveform) is present. The differential diagnosis of absent CO2 includes esophageal intubation, accidental tracheal extubation, disconnection of the breathing circuit, complete obstruction of the endotracheal tube or conducting system (kink, inspissated blood or secretions, extremely severe bronchospasm) or of the breathing circuit, apnea, and cardiac arrest. Second, the shape of the waveform must be analyzed systematically by looking at, and in sequence, phase I (inspiratory baseline, which should be zero); phase II (expiratory upstroke, which should be nearly perpendicular to the inspiratory baseline); phase III (expiratory or alveolar plateau, which should be a straight, nearly horizontal, line); and phase IV (inspiratory downstroke, which should be nearly perpendicular to the inspiratory baseline). This discussion will follow this systematic approach but will emphasize diagnosis that can be obtained from the phase III alveolar plateau.