gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyurethane/conducting carbon black composites: Structure, electric conductivity, strain recovery behavior, and their relationships (2000)

The polyurethane composites with conducting carbon black (CB) were prepared by a solution-precipitation process, which was followed by melt compression molding. The polyurethane used has good shape memory effect. The morphology of CB fillers in polyurethane matrix and the resulting conductivity of the composites were investigated. It has been found that CB fillers exist in the forms of aggregates. The percolation threshold is achieved at the CB concentration of 20 wt %. The presence of CB fillers decreases the degree of crystallinity of polycaprolactone (PCL) soft segments of the polyurethane. However, the composites still have enough soft-segment crystals of polyurethane to fulfil the necessary condition for the shape memory properties. Dynamic mechanical data show that CB is an effective filler for the reinforcement of the polyurethane matrix, but does not deteriorate the stable physical cross-link structure of the polyurethane, which is necessary to store the elastic energy in the service process of the shape memory materials. Addition of CB reinforcement in the polyurethane has influenced the strain recovery properties, especially for those samples with CB concentrations above the percolation threshold. The response temperature of the shape memory effect Tr has not been affected too much. Strain fixation Sf, which expresses the ability of the specimens to fix their strain, has been improved in the presence of the CB fillers. The final recovery rates Rf and strain recovery speeds Vr of the shape memory measurements, however, have decreased evidently. It is expectedly ascribed to the increased bulk viscosity as well as the impeding effect of the inter-connective structure of CB fillers in the polymer matrix. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 68–77, 2000
Removal of speckle using a computer generated random phase hologram plate in green wavelength (532 nm) (2006)

This paper investigates the qualified method of the removal of hot spot speckle produced by a green laser with long coherence length for a projection display system. The application of a random phase plate using a binary computer generated hologram pattern is successfully applied to reduce the speckle contrast ratio to 2%; this is below the minimum level of 4% which can be recognized by the human eye.
Polyester hydrogels with swelling properties controlled by the polymer architecture, molecular weight, and crosslinking agent (2003)

Abstract Hydrogels of poly(1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one) and hydrogels of block copolymers of poly(1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one) and poly( L ‐lactide) were synthesized. Both star‐shaped polymers and linear polymers were polymerized with ring‐opening polymerization and crosslinked in situ with a tetrafunctional acid chloride (1,2,3,4‐cyclopentane tetracarboxylic acid chloride) or a difunctional acid chloride (succinyl chloride). Different network architectures were synthesized in this way. The initial monomer concentrations and the molecular weights of the macromonomers were also altered. The networks were characterized with 1 H NMR and differential scanning calorimetry, and the swelling abilities of the different hydrogels were investigated in water and dichloromethane. The ratio of the monomer to the crosslinking agent was assessed by the quantification of the signal intensities in the 1 H NMR spectra of the swelled network and agreed with the theoretical crosslinking density. Both the homopolymers of 1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one and the copolymers of 1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one and L ‐lactide swelled to a high degree in water. The swelling properties of the materials could be varied over a broad range by changes in the architecture, molecular weight, and content of the precursor in the network. Star‐shaped poly(1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one) crosslinked with a difunctional acid chloride had the highest degree of swelling among the different homopolymer hydrogels. This network also had the lowest glass‐transition temperature because of the flexible units in the structure. The same trends found for the homopolymer hydrogels were also seen in the hydrogels with block copolymers. The hydrogels swelled enormously in dichloromethane, and as in water, the star‐shaped copolymer crosslinked with a difunctional acid chloride had the highest degree of swelling. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 1296–1305, 2003
Type I IFN signaling triggers immunopathology in tuberculosis‐susceptible mice by modulating lung phagocyte dynamics (2014)

General interest in the biological functions of IFN type I in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection increased after the recent identification of a distinct IFN gene expression signature in tuberculosis (TB) patients. Here, we demonstrate that TB-susceptible mice lacking the receptor for IFN I (IFNAR1) were protected from death upon aerogenic infection with Mtb. Using this experimental model to mimic primary progressive pulmonary TB, we dissected the immune processes affected by IFN I. IFNAR1 signaling did not affect T-cell responses, but markedly altered migration of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils to the lung. This process was orchestrated by IFNAR1 expressed on both immune and tissue-resident radioresistant cells. IFNAR1-driven TB susceptibility was initiated by augmented Mtb replication and in situ death events, along with CXCL5/CXCL1-driven accumulation of neutrophils in alveoli, followed by the discrete compartmentalization of Mtb in lung phagocytes. Early depletion of neutrophils rescued TB-susceptible mice to levels observed in mice lacking IFNAR1. We conclude that IFN I alters early innate events at the site of Mtb invasion leading to fatal immunopathology. These data furnish a mechanistic explanation for the detrimental role of IFN I in pulmonary TB and form a basis for understanding the complex roles of IFN I in chronic inflammation.
High-Surface-Area Catalyst Design:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Reaction Studies of Platinum Nanoparticles in Mesoporous SBA-15 Silica (2004)

Platinum nanoparticles in the size range of 1.7-7.1 nm were produced by alcohol reduction methods. A polymer (poly(vinylpyrrolidone), PVP) was used to stabilize the particles by capping them in aqueous solution. The particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM investigations demonstrate that the particles have a narrow size distribution. Mesoporous SBA-15 silica with 9-nm pores was synthesized by a hydrothermal process and used as a catalyst support. After incorporation into mesoporous SBA-15 silica using low-power sonication, the catalysts were calcined to remove the stabilizing polymer from the nanoparticle surface and reduced by H2. Pt particle sizes determined from selective gas adsorption measurements are larger than those determined by bulk techniques such as XRD and TEM. Room-temperature ethylene hydrogenation was chosen as a model reaction to probe the activity of the Pt/SBA-15 materials. The reaction was shown to be structure insensitive over a series of Pt/SBA-15 materials with particle sizes between 1.7 and 3.6 nm. The hydrogenolysis of ethane on Pt particles from 1.7 to 7.1 nm was weakly structure sensitive with smaller particles demonstrating higher specific activity. Turnover rates for ethane hydrogenolysis increased monotonically with increasing metal dispersion, suggesting that coordinatively unsaturated metal atoms present in small particles are more active for C2H6 hydrogenolysis than the low index planes that dominate in large particles. An explanation for the structure sensitivity is suggested, and the potential applications of these novel supported nanocatalysts for further studies of structure-activity and structure-selectivity relationships are discussed.
Application of Wavelet Transform Based Image Segmentation and Stereo Matching for Automated House Detection from Aerial Photograph. (1995)

Automated house extraction from aerial photographs is one of the most critical steps in updating GIS databases or developing digital photogrammetric systems. In this paper, a method for extracting houses from the large-scale aerial imageries of urban areas mainly based upon both the region-based and line-based stereo matching schemes is proposed. Wavelet transform is utilized to detect edge features from images. Hough transform is employed to connect fragmentary line segments to improve reliablity in region/line-based stereo matching. Finally, houses/buildings are extracted by recognizing height difference between houses/buildings and terrain surface. The experimental results obtained with the method are demonstrated.
Mode-evolution-based polarization rotator-splitter design via simple fabrication process (2012)

A mode-evolution-based polarization rotator-splitter built on InP substrate is proposed by combining a mode converter and an adiabatic asymmetric Y-coupler. The mode converter, consisting of a bi-level taper and a width taper, effectively converts the fundamental TM mode into the second order TE mode without changing the polarization of the fundamental TE mode. The following adiabatic asymmetric Y-coupler splits the fundamental and the second order TE modes and also converts the second order TE mode into the fundamental TE mode. A shallow etched structure is proposed for the width taper to enhance the polarization conversion efficiency. The device has a total length of 1350 µm, a polarization extinction ratio over 25 dB and an insertion loss below 0.5 dB both for TE and TM modes, over the wavelength range from 1528 to 1612 nm covering all C + L band. Because the device is designed based on mode evolution principle, it has a large fabrication tolerance. The insertion loss remains below 1 dB and the polarization extinction ratio remains over 17 dB with respect to a width variation of +/- 0.12 µm at the wavelength of 1570 nm, or +/- 0.08 µm over the entire C + L band.
Novel molecular drug carrier: encapsulation of oxaliplatin in cucurbit[7]uril and its effects on stability and reactivity of the drug (2005)

Oxaliplatin forms a stable 1:1 inclusion complex with cucurbit[7]uril as indicated by NMR, mass spectrometry, isothermal titration calorimetry and X-ray crystallography. The encapsulation of the drug results in a large enhancement in stability, a moderate decrease in reactivity toward guanosine but a much larger decrease in reactivity toward L-methionine, which suggests the encapsulation not only increases the stability of the drug but also may reduce unwanted side effects caused by protein binding of the platinum drug. A preliminary in vitro assay using various tumor cell lines reveals that the encapsulation results in a decrease in the antitumor activity of oxaliplatin.
Effect of Salinity and Water Ions on Electrokinetic Interactions in Carbonate Reservoir Cores at Elevated Temperatures (2018)

Summary Smartwater flooding through tailoring of injection-water salinity and ionic composition is becoming an attractive proposition for improved oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs. Most recent studies suggest that surface-charge change induced by lower salinity and certain water ions on carbonate surfaces is the main mechanism responsible for favorable wettability alteration and, consequently, higher oil recovery in smartwater flooding. Unfortunately, these studies determined ζ-potentials using the technique of electrophoretic-mobility (EPM) measurement with powdered-crushed-core samples, which may not reflect the natural conditions existing in the subsurface reservoirs. In this study we used an experimental technique dependent on streaming-potential (SP) measurements to determine ζ-potentials in intact carbonate reservoir core samples saturated with different brine salinities and individual ion compositions at both ambient and elevated temperatures. The results indicated a favorable effect of sulfate ions in carbonate reservoir cores to alter ζ-potentials toward more negative, and the reactivity of these ions increased significantly by nearly one order of magnitude at higher temperatures. Among the positive ions, calcium showed the highest reactivity to shift the ζ-potentials to slightly positive. Both magnesium and sodium ions showed almost similar behavior to change the ζ-potentials toward less negative. In addition, only minor to moderate changes in ζ-potentials were observed with the positive ions when the temperature is increased. In view of considering the reported negative ζ-potentials at the carbonate crude-oil/brine interfaces, such a change in ζ-potential to an extreme negative obtained in carbonate reservoir cores upon exposure to injection waters containing sulfates could have a favorable effect on wettability alteration because of the resulting same polarity at both the interfaces. The dynamic time-dependent effects on ζ-potentials measured during the displacement of seawater by smartwater (10-times-reduced ionic strength seawater) in reservoir cores showed an immediate shift in the ζ-potential value from positive to negative. This instantaneous change to negative values observed in the ζ-potentials confirms the beneficial effect of smartwater to activate favorable electrokinetic interactions in carbonate reservoir cores.
Tracking the Evolution of Communities in Dynamic Social Networks (2010)

Real-world social networks from a variety of domains can naturally be modelled as dynamic graphs. However, approaches to detecting communities have largely focused on identifying communities in static graphs. Recently, researchers have begun to consider the problem of tracking the evolution of groups of users in dynamic scenarios. Here we describe a model for tracking the progress of communities over time in a dynamic network, where each community is characterised by a series of significant evolutionary events. This model is used to motivate a community-matching strategy for efficiently identifying and tracking dynamic communities. Evaluations on synthetic graphs containing embedded events demonstrate that this strategy can successfully track communities over time in volatile networks. In addition, we describe experiments exploring the dynamic communities detected in a real mobile operator network containing millions of users.
Partial purification and characterization of peroxidase from Pellicularia filamentosa. (1981)

Broad specificity peroxidases simply known as peroxidase (EC 1.ll.1.7) from horse radish and other plant origins have been studied extensively and found their use in colorimetric analyses of biological materials in combination with hydrogen peroxide-forming oxidases such as glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) and urate oxidase (EC 1.7.3.3). Studies on per-
Physical Properties Elucidation of Filaments in Conducting-Bridge Random Access Memory Consisting of Metal-Oxide (2013)

Recently, it was reported that resistive switching mechanism of Cu/metal-oxide/Pt conducting-bridge random access memories is closely related to residual water in the metal-oxide layer based on the current-voltage ( I - V ) measurements as functions of ambient pressure and temperature. However, which constituent of atmosphere (H 2 O, N 2 , O 2 , etc) affects resistive switching should be investigated rigorously. In this paper, we performed measurement of the atmosphere dependence of I - V characteristics of Cu-probe/HfO 2 /Pt structures composed by contacting the surface of the HfO 2 film on the Pt-electrode with the Cu-probe. Taking advantage of Cu-probe/HfO 2 /Pt structures which ensure high permeability to both gasses and liquids, I - V characteristics were measured in H 2 O, N 2 , O 2 , air, and vacuum. As a result, it was clarified that H 2 O enhances a forming and set processes, whereas reset occurs basing on the common mechanism independent of atmosphere.
The effect of dipping beds on a borehole gravimeter survey (1982)

Abstract We study the effects of dipping beds on a borehole gravimeter (BHGM) survey. A dipping bed solution is presented which uses an anomalous bed density in a regional framework. A method of application is shown which provides an estimate of the regional framework density and dip angle of the beds. The method of application requires measuring local formation density independently.
Towards evidence-based management development (2007)

The primary purpose of this chapter is twofold: first, to argue the case that human resource development (HRD) practitioners in general and management development (MD) practitioners in particular should increasingly adopt research-informed and evidence-based approaches to their professional practice; and second, to illustrate with a practical example how this might readily come about through the concept of HRD Professional Partnership research of the kind defined by Jacobs (1997) and advocated by Hamlin (2001a, 2002a). In so doing two assumptions have been made. First, that management development is a major component of the broad modern-day conceptualization of HRD, which places as much emphasis on organizational development as on people development (Delahaye and Smith, 1998). Second, that managerial leadership is a constituent part of the everyday task of most managers, as suggested by House and Aditya (1997) and demonstrated empirically by Russ-Eft et al. (1996). This latter assumption is further supported by the fact that many if not most managers in most organizations, as well as many modern-day management theorists, writers and researchers, use the terms ‘manager’ and ‘leader’, and ‘management’ and ‘leadership’, interchangeably (Barker, 2000; Alimo-Metcalfe and Lawler, 2001; Alvesson, 2002; Raelin, 2004). Consequently, much of the evidence used to support the arguments presented in this chapter is drawn not only from the management and management development literature, but also from the leadership and leadership development literature.
What Direction for Labor Market Institutions in Eastern and Central Europe (1993)

In this paper I examine the evolution of labor relations institutions during the initial phase of marketization in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia and develop a model of changing support for reforms during the transition to a market economy. I find surprising stability in labor institutions in the first stage of transition to a market economy, but dramatic changes in labor outcomes. Successor unions to the official trade unions remained on the union scene. Central governments taxed wage increases so enterprises would not give increases that matched or exceeded inflation and instituted tripartie forums to seek consensus on labor issues - as they had done under reform communism. By contrast, labor market outcomes changed greatly. State-owned enterprises reduced employment even absent privatisation, producing sizeable joblessness and eliminating massive vacancies. The dispersion of wages increased substantially in Hungary and Poland though not in Czechoslovakia. My model of changing support for reforms predicts a U-shaped curve of support for a successful reform program, with support falling among those who fail to advance rapidly in the new economic environment. Given this pattern, I assess how different labor arrangements are likely to affect workers'' tolerance for the costs of transition; the ability of those who suffer in transition to undertake mass protests; and to provide information to governments about program failures or to pressure governments to change marketization programs that are falling thorough "voice". While many labor relations experts favor tripartie agreements that create a social consensus during transition, my analysis suggests that the most likely labor relations outcome in Eastern European marketizing economies will be quite different: weak and fragmented unionism, concentrated in the public sector, and little or no unionism in the growing private sector, save in large joint ventures.
Zero-Voltage-Switching Boost Converter Using a Coupled Inductor (2011)

This paper presents a zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) boost converter using a coupled inductor. It utilizes an additional winding to the boost inductor and an auxiliary diode. The ZVS characteristic of the proposed converter reduces the switching losses of the active power switches and raises the power conversion efficiency. The principle of operation and a system analysis are presented. The theoretical analysis and performance of the proposed converter were verified with a 100W experimental prototype operating at a 107 kHz switching frequency.
Mechanism of the Formation and Proteolytic Release of H2O2-induced Dityrosine and Tyrosine Oxidation Products in Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cells (2001)

Oxyhemoglobin exposed to a continuous flux of H(2)O(2) underwent oxidative modifications, including limited release of fluorescent fragmentation products. The main fragments formed were identified as oxidation products of tyrosine, including dopamine, dopamine quinone, and dihydroxyindol. Further release of these oxidation products plus dityrosine was only seen after proteolytic degradation of the oxidatively modified hemoprotein. A possible mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of these oxidation products that includes cyclization, decarboxylation, and further oxidation of the intermediates. Release of dityrosine is proposed as a useful technique for evaluating selective proteolysis after an oxidative stress, because dityrosine is metabolically stable, and it is only released after enzymatic hydrolysis of the oxidatively modified protein. The measurement can be accomplished by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection or by high efficiency thin layer chromatography. Comparable results, in terms of dityrosine release, were obtained using red blood cells of different sources after exposing them to a flux of H(2)O(2). Furthermore, dityrosine has been reported to occur in a wide variety of oxidatively modified proteins. These observations suggest that dityrosine formation and release can be used as a highly specific marker for protein oxidation and selective proteolysis.
Object serialization support for object oriented java processors (2008)

This paper describes serialization support in an object oriented Java processor like jHISC. The relevance of serializing an object confines to situations when an object has to be sent over network or stored as a persistent object. But these are not rare scenarios when an application in a mobile device is considered. This paper proposes a serialization functional unit which consists of a serialization unit and deserialization unit along with descriptors and pool to describe and store serialized objects. This design can enhance the performance of Java based mobile devices which runs applications those communicate with similar applications very often. This design makes use of architectural features of processors like jHISC. This design can contribute much to Java based mobile computing in the near future.