gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An active site homology model of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase from <i>P. crispum</i> (2002)

The plant enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.5) shows homology to histidine ammonia-lyase (HAL) whose structure has been solved by X-ray crystallography. Based on amino-acid sequence alignment of the two enzymes, mutagenesis was performed on amino-acid residues that were identical or similar to the active site residues in HAL to gain insight into the importance of this residues in PAL for substrate binding or catalysis. We mutated the following amino-acid residues: S203, R354, Y110, Y351, N260, Q348, F400, Q488 and L138. Determination of the kinetic constants of the overexpressed and purified enzymes revealed that mutagenesis led in each case to diminished activity. Mutants S203A, R354A and Y351F showed a decrease in kcat by factors of 435, 130 and 235, respectively. Mutants F400A, Q488A and L138H showed a 345-, 615- and 14-fold lower kcat, respectively. The greatest loss of activity occurred in the PAL mutants N260A, Q348A and Y110F, which were 2700, 2370 and 75 000 times less active than wild-type PAL. To elucidate the possible function of the mutated amino-acid residues in PAL we built a homology model of PAL based on structural data of HAL and mutagenesis experiments with PAL. The homology model of PAL showed that the active site of PAL resembles the active site of HAL. This allowed us to propose possible roles for the corresponding residues in PAL catalysis.
A Novel Lantibiotic, Nukacin ISK-1, of <i>Staphylococcus warneri</i> ISK-1: Cloning of the Structural Gene and Identification of the Structure (2000)

Staphylococcus warneri ISK-1, which we had previously reported as Pediococcus sp. ISK-1, produces a novel bacteriocin, nukacin ISK-1. Edman degradation of the chemically reduced nukacin ISK-1 produced a sequence of 27 amino acids, 7 of which were unidentified. Using single-specific-primer-PCR product as a probe, a 3.6-kb HindIII fragment containing the nukacin ISK-1 structural gene (nukA) was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of nukacin ISK-1 had 57 amino acids, including a 30-amino acid leader region. The propeptide sequence showed significant similarity to those of lacticin-481 type lantibiotics. In the region upstream of nukA, a part of a long open reading frame (ORF), designated as nukM, encoding a putative modification enzyme was oriented in the opposite direction. In the region downstream of nukA, ORF1 was found in which the sequence of the putative translational product was similar to various response regulatory proteins.
Patient dose from radiographic rejects/repeats in radiology centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran (2012)

Medical diagnostic X-rays are the largest manmade source of ionizing radiation received by the members of the general public. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic reject/repeat rate and also to determine dose to the patients from radiographic rejects/repeats in radiology centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. During a 4 month period the most frequently examinations were chosen in three radiology centers. A form was designed as a reject/repeat analysis form for radiographers to complete each time a film was rejected by radiologists or repeated. The collected data were compiled at the end of each week and entered into a computer for analysis at the end of study. The results of this study showed that highest and lowest repetition rates were for pelvis, 14.01% and upper limb, 4.17%, respectively. The main reasons of repetition of radiographs were due to exposure (54%) and positioning (18%) errors. The average repeat rate in all three hospitals was 7.20%. It was found that human error has important role to repetition of radiographs. It is demonstrated that those patients having repeated radiographs received an average of 3.23 Gy·cm2. Based on the findings of this study it must be remembered that the highest repetition rate was for pelvis. Considering the radiosensitive organs related to pelvis especially in pediatric patients some special considerations must be applied for pelvis examinations.
Automotive electronics power up (2000)

People are spending increasing amounts of time in their cars. As a result, automakers are equipping vehicles with more and more power-draining creature comforts as selling points. Cup holders have given way to navigational systems, separate driver and passenger climate controls, and surround sound and compact disk players. But performance and handling improvements under the hood, such as dynamic stability controls, electronic suspensions, and precision-controlled fuel injection, also need power from the 14-V system featured in today's cars. To handle the situation, automotive manufacturers and suppliers are embracing a 42-V standard for system voltage as they design new products. The challenge for designers, however, is that the cost of the new electronics cannot prohibit the economic production of automobiles. This hurdle must be cleared before cars with 42-V systems will become available to consumers. The paper discusses why 42 Volts was chosen, how many batteries will be needed, control systems, start/stop operation, and the influence of silicon devices on cost.
High minimum inhibitory concentration of imipenem as a predictor of fatal outcome in patients with carbapenem non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (2016)

Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is important because of its increasing prevalence and limited therapeutic options. To investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients infected or colonized with carbapenem non-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CnsKP) in Taiwan, we conducted a retrospective study at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from January 2012 to November 2013. Carbapenem non-susceptibility was defined as a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥2 mg/L for imipenem or meropenem. A total of 105 cases with CnsKP were identified: 49 patients with infection and 56 patients with colonization. Thirty-one isolates had genes that encoded carbapenemases (29.5%), including K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-2 (n = 27), KPC-3 (n = 1), VIM-1 (n = 1) and IMP-8 (n = 2). The in-hospital mortality among patients with CnsKP was 43.8%. A MIC for imipenem ≥16 μg/mL, nasogastric intubation and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality for all patients with CnsKP. A MIC for imipenem ≥16 μg/mL was also an independent risk factor for 14-day mortality in patients with CnsKP. In conclusion, a positive culture for CnsKP was associated with high in-hospital mortality. A high imipenem MIC of CnsKP can predispose a patient to a poor prognosis.
An intelligent dissolved oxygen microsensor system with electrochemically actuated fluidics (2006)

A new dissolved oxygen monitoring microsystem is proposed to achieve in situ intelligent self-calibration by using an electrochemically actuated fluidic system. The electrochemical actuation, based on water electrolysis, plays two critical roles in the proposed microsystem. First, the electrochemically generated gases serve as the calibrants for the in situ 2-point calibration/diagnosis procedure of the microsensor in a chip. Secondly, the electrochemical generation and collapse of gas bubbles provide the driving force of the bidirectional fluidic manipulation for sampling and dispensing of the sample solution. A microsystem including a dissolved oxygen microprobe, electrochemical actuators, and a fluidic structure are prepared by microfabrication technology and its performance is characterized.
Automatic Content Curation System for Multiple Live Sport Video Streams (2015)

In this paper, we aim to develop a method to create personalized and high-presence multi-channel contents for a sport game through realtime content curation from various media streams captured/created by spectators. We use the live TV broadcast as a ground truth data and construct a machine learning-based model to automatically conduct curation from multiple videos which spectators captured from different angles and zoom levels. The live TV broadcast of a baseball game has some curation rules which select a specific angle camera for some specific scenes (e.g., a pitcher throwing a ball). As inputs for constructing a model, we use meta data such as image feature data (e.g., a pitcher is on the screen) in each fixed interval of baseball videos and game progress data (e.g., the inning number and the batting order). Output is the camera ID (among multiple cameras of spectators) at each point of time. For evaluation, we targeted Spring-Selection high-school baseball games. As training data, we used image features, game progress data, and the camera position at each point of time in the TV broadcast. We used videos of a baseball game captured from 7 different points in Hanshin Koshien Stadium with handy video cameras and generated sample data set by dividing the videos to fixed interval segments. We divided the sample data set into the training data set and the test data set and evaluated our method through two validation methods: (1) 10-fold crossvalidation method and (2) hold-out methods (e.g., learning first and second innings and testing third inning). As a result, our method predicted the camera switching timings with accuracy (F-measure) of 72.53% on weighted average for the base camera work and 92.1% for the fixed camera work.
投影的轻舞飞扬时代——选液晶 挑数码两大技术不分高低 (2003)

投影机目前已经成为了业务经理们取得商场之战的重要武器之一。并且，随着其技术的不断更新，投影机的重量和体积也在向着轻薄小巧的趋势发展。面对着市场中新生的这些小个子，相比原来的大块头们有着什么样的优势和特色？用户又该如何进行选择呢？
Experimental Results for an Annular Aerospike with Differential Throttling (2003)

A) MSFC funded an internal study on Altitude Compensating Nozzles: 1) Develop an ACN design and performance prediction tool. 2) Design, build and test cold flow ACN nozzles. 3) An annular aerospike nozzle was designed and tested. 4) Incorporated differential throttling to assess Thrust Vector Control. B) Objective of the test hardware: 1) Provide design tool verification. 2) Provide benchmark data for CFD calculations. 3) Experimentally measure side force, or TVC, for a differentially throttled annular aerospike.
Applying synchronous motors to reciprocating compressors (2012)

The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the technical requirements to properly and satisfactorily apply a synchronous motor to a reciprocating compressor as installed in refining and petrochemical industries. Issues crucial to understanding the mechanical nature of these compressors and successful operation of motor-compressor trains are identified and appropriate solutions are described in detail. It is the goal of this paper to foster a better understanding by electrical engineers of the properties and behavior of reciprocating types of driven mechanical equipment.
Vitamin D Mushrooms: Comparison of the Composition of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) Treated Postharvest with UVB Light or Sunlight (2011)

This study compared the compositional changes in mushrooms exposed to sunlight with those occurring after commercial ultraviolet (UV) light processing. Button mushrooms (75 kg) were processed in the presence or absence of UVB light; a third group was exposed to direct sunlight. Mushroom composition was evaluated using chemical analyses. Vitamin D concentrations were 5, 410, and 374 μg/100 g (dw) in control, UVB, and sunlight groups, respectively. On a dry weight basis, no significant changes in vitamin C, folate, vitamins B(6), vitamin B(5), riboflavin, niacin, amino acids, fatty acids, ergosterol, or agaritine were observed following UVB processing. Sunlight exposure resulted in a 26% loss of riboflavin, evidence of folate oxidation, and unexplained increases in ergosterol (9.5%). It was concluded that compositional effects of UVB light are limited to changes in vitamin D and show no detrimental changes relative to natural sunlight exposure and, therefore, provide important information relevant to the suitability and safety of UVB light technology for vitamin D enhanced mushrooms.
Windows via C/C++ (2007)

Master the intricacies of application development with unmanaged C++ codestraight from the experts. Jeffrey Richters classic book is now fully revised for Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows Server 2008. You get in-depth, comprehensive guidance, advanced techniques, and extensive code samples to help you program Windowsbased applications. Discover how to:Architect and implement your applications for both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows Create and manipulate processes and jobs Schedule, manage, synchronize and destroy threads Perform asynchronous and synchronous device I/O operations with the I/O completion port Allocate memory using various techniques including virtual memory, memory-mapped files, and heaps Manipulate the default committed physical storage of thread stacks Build DLLs for delay-loading, API hooking, and process injection Using structured exception handling, Windows Error Recovery, and Application Restart services
Automated test-case generation by cloning (2012)

Test cases are often similar. A preliminary study of eight open-source projects found that on average at least 8% of all test cases are clones; the maximum found was 42%. The clones are not identical with their originals -- identifiers of classes, methods, attributes and sometimes even order of statements and assertions differ. But the test cases reuse testing logic and are needed for testing. They serve a purpose and cannot be eliminated.We present an approach that generates useful test clones automatically, thereby eliminating some of the grunt work of testing. An important advantage over existing automated test case generators is that the clones include the test oracle. Hence, a human decision maker is often not needed to determine whether the output of a test is correct.The approach hinges on pairs of classes that provide analogous functionality, i.e., functions that are tested with the same logic. TestCloner transcribes tests involving analogous functions from one class to the other. Programmers merely need to indicate which methods are analogs. Automatic detection of analogs is currently under investigation. Preliminary results indicate a significant reduction in the number of boilerplate tests that need to be written by hand. The transcribed tests do detect defects and can provide hints about missing functionality.
Cellular geolocation employing hybrid of relative signal strength and propagation delay (2006)

Applications for the user's geolocation of wireless services continues to grow. Developing an effective technique for finding geolocation in wireless cellular networks is imperative. This paper presents a hybrid positioning technique to the user's geolocation. The technique is based on combining the propagation delay with relative signal strength. In our study, the propagation delay involves the absolute and simulated delays that played a leading role in the geolocation decision algorithms. The relative signal strength, on the other hand, is the received signal strength differences measured at the user from a number of the neighboring base transceiver stations. By collecting the results from the field trials carried out in a commercial wireless cellular network, it is evident that the proposed technique is able to estimate the user's geolocation with better accuracy and thereby enable location-based services and applications in wireless cellular networks
Estimation of Solute Transport Parameters in Heterogen Groundwater System of a Karstic Aquifer Using Artificial Tracer Experiments (1994)

The artificial tracer experiments performed in the Lurbach karst system (north of Graz, Austria) were interpreted using different mathematical models that simulated mass transport between injection and detection sites. The first model assumes that the system consists of several parallel subsystems characterised by different flow rates, water volumes and dispersivities. The second model assumes that the tracer flows through a double-porosity system consisting of several parallel channels in the microporous matrix, and containing both mobile and quazi stagnant (immobile) water. The channels have the same apertures, volumetric flow rates and dispersivities and are equally distributed in the matrix. The tracer diffuses between mobile and immobile phase. Both models calibrate the experimental data to a high degree of accuracy. Additionally, the measured tracer concentration curves were interpreted by applying the method of moments, a commonly used practice. It is shown herein that the parameters obtained in this way could not calibrate the experimental data.
Multiple bonds between vanadium atoms (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple bonds between vanadium atomsF. Albert Cotton, Michael P. Diebold, and Irene ShimCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 10, 1510–1516Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00204a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00204a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stability of Liposomes Prepared from Archaeobacterical Lipids and Phosphatidylcholine Mixtures (1996)

In vitro stabilities of liposomes prepared from the total polar lipids (TPL) of various species of Archaeobacteria were compared with those made from egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) and from mixtures of TPLIEPC. Stability was monitored by measuring the extent of leakage of entrapped dyes. Liposomes prepared from exclusively archaeobacteriallipids (coined archaeosomes), particularly those containing the bilayer spanning tetraether lipids, were generally stable to conditions such as storage at 37°C for greater than 7 days, exposure to phospholipase A2, incubation with serum, and, to some extent, exposure to bile salts. In contrast, EPC liposomes were generally unstable to these conditions, releasing, for example, 100% of the entrapped dye within 1.5 h of incubation at 37°C. Mixing EPC with archaeobacterial TPL modified stability of the liposomes to varying degrees, depending on the types of the archaeobacterial lipids, the mixing ratio, and the stress factor being tested. For some applications, incorporation of an ester lipid into the liposome layer may be used to modulate the stability of archaeosomes, and decrease the cost of production without necessarily compromising utility.
Impedance-based non-destructive evaluation of additively manufactured parts (2017)

Purpose This work proposes the utilization of electromechanical impedance measurements as a means of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) for additive manufacturing (AM). The effectiveness and sensitivity of the technique for a variety of defect types commonly encountered in AM are investigated. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the feasibility of impedance-based NDE for AM, the authors first designed and fabricated a suite of test specimens with build errors typical of AM processes, including dimensional inaccuracies, positional inaccuracies and internal porosity. Two polymer AM processes were investigated in this work: material jetting and extrusion. An impedance-based analysis was then conducted on all parts and utilized, in a supervised learning context, for identifying defective parts. Findings The newly proposed impedance-based NDE technique has been proven to be an effective solution for detecting several types of print defects. Specifically, it was shown that the technique is capable of detecting print defects resulting in mass change (as small as 1 per cent) and in feature displacement (as small as 1 mm) in both extruded nylon parts and jetted VeroWhitePlus parts. Internal porosity defects were also found to be detectable; however, the impact of this defect type on the measured impedance was not as profound as that of dimensional and positional inaccuracies. Originality/value Compared to currently available NDE techniques, the newly proposed impedance-based NDE is a functional-based technique with the advantages of being cost-effective, sensitive and suitable for inspecting AM parts of complex geometry and deeply embedded flaws. This technique has the potential to bridge the existing gaps in current NDE practices, hence paving the road for a wider adoption of AM to produce mission-critical parts.
Reduced Plasma Levels of Very-Long-Chain Dicarboxylic Acid 28:4 in Italian and Brazilian Colorectal Cancer Patient Cohorts (2018)

The plasma levels of VLCDCA 28:4 represent a potential biomarker of sporadic colorectal cancer. In addition, it is possible that resupply of this anti-inflammatory lipid may represent a new therapeutic strategy for CRC and inflammatory disorders.
A substrate for small patch antennas providing tunable miniaturization factors (2006)

Magnetic properties were imparted to a naturally nonmagnetic material by metallic inclusions. A patch antenna tested the performance of the magnetic metamaterial as a substrate and validated that a single substrate can achieve a range of miniaturization values. The effective medium metamaterial substrate employed electromagnetically small embedded circuits (ECs) to achieve permeability and permittivity greater than that of the host dielectric. Geometric control of the ECs allowed mu and epsi to be tailored to the application. The magnetic metamaterial exhibited enhanced mu and epsi with acceptable loss-factor levels. Models for predicting mu and epsi are presented, the benefits of employing metamaterial substrates are discussed, and the results in this antenna experiment are presented. The metamaterial exhibits performance characteristics not achievable from natural materials. Of particular significance is that with the permeability varying strongly and predictably with frequency, the miniaturization factor may be selected by tuning the operating frequency. Simulations indicate that such performance can be extended to several gigahertz with current technology. Relative permeability values in the mu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> =1-5 range are achievable for moderately low-loss applications. Representative antenna miniaturization factors on the order of 4-7 over a moderate (approximately 10%) transmission bandwidth and efficiencies in a moderate range (20%-35%) are demonstrated with the possibility of higher efficiencies indicated
Robust constrained model predictive control using closed-loop prediction (2004)

This paper proposes a quadratic programming (QP) approach to robust MPC for constrained linear systems having both model uncertainties and bounded disturbances. To this end, we construct an additional comparison model for worst-case analysis based on a robust control Lyapunov function (RCLF) for the unconstrained system (not necessarily an RCLF in the presence of constraints). By using this comparison model, we transform the given robust MPC problem to a nominal one without uncertain terms. This comparison model also enables us to derive a terminal condition for ensuring the robust stability of the closed-loop. Since this terminal condition is described by linear constraints, the control optimization can be reduced to a QP problem.