gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engagement of αIIbβ3 (GPIIb/IIIa) with ανβ3 Integrin Mediates Interaction of Melanoma Cells with Platelets (2011)

A mutual relationship exists between metastasizing tumor cells and components of the coagulation cascade. The exact mechanisms as to how platelets influence blood-borne metastasis, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we used murine B16 melanoma cells to observe functional aspects of how platelets contribute to the process of hematogenous metastasis. We found that platelets interfere with a distinct step of the metastasis cascade, as they promote adhesion of melanoma cells to the endothelium in vitro under shear conditions. Constitutively active platelet receptor GPIIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3) expressed on Chinese hamster ovary cells promoted melanoma cell adhesion in the presence of fibrinogen, whereas blocking antibodies to aνβ3 integrin on melanoma cells or to GPIIb/IIIa significantly reduced melanoma cell adhesion to platelets. Furthermore, using intravital microscopy, we observed functional platelet-melanoma cell interactions, as platelet depletion resulted in significantly reduced melanoma cell adhesion to the injured vascular wall in vivo. Using a mouse model of hematogenous metastasis to the lung, we observed decreased metastasis of B16 melanoma cells to the lung by treatment with a mAb blocking the aν subunit of aνβ3 integrin. This effect was significantly reduced when platelets were depleted in vivo. Thus, the engagement of GPIIb/IIIa with aνβ3 integrin interaction mediates tumor cell-platelet interactions and highlights how this interaction is involved in hematogenous tumor metastasis.
A PC Cluster High-Fidelity Mobile Crane Simulator (2002)

The mobile crane simulator is a project sponsored by Employment and Vocational Training Administration, Council of Labor Affair, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, to build a safe device for training and licensing. This paper presents the principle and mechanism to build a high-fidelity interactive visual simulator on a cluster of PCs. The implemented mobile crane simulator uses the peer-to-peer architecture with the push and pull mechanism to achieve the parallelism among distributed tasks. A distributive simulation socket, called Communication Backbone(CB), is adopted to integrate the functional tasks of the mobile crane simulator in a PC clustering environment. With CB, tasks of the simulated mobile crane are executed as standalone applications and seamlessly communicate with each other through CB. Finally, the system response rate of the implemented mobile crane simulator achieves 16 times per second which is larger than human acceptable perception rate as suggested by the human factors studies.
High-power laser plasma EUV light source for lithography (2004)

The main technological challenge of a future extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source is the required average power of 115 W at the intermediate focus. High repetition rate laser produced plasma (LPP) sources are very promising to face this challenge. We report the current status of the laser produced light source system we started to develop in 2002. The system consists of the following main components: The plasma target is a liquid xenon jet wih a maximum diameter of 50 micrometer and a velocity of more than 30 m/s. A Nd:YAG laser oscillating at 1064 nm produces the plasma. The laser is a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration with a maximum repetition rate of 10 kHz and an average power of 1 kW. The EUV system currently delivers an average EUV in-band power of 4 W (2% bandwidth, 2π sr) having a stability of 0.54% (1σ, 50-pulse moving average). Related to future collector mirror lifetime considerations, a magnetic confinement scheme is evaluated for fast ions mitigation.
D-dimensional frequency-time entangled cluster states with on-chip frequency combs (2019)

We realize the on-chip generation of time-frequency hyper-entangled states, and converted them via a deterministic controlled phase gate into d-level cluster states. For detection, we developed a d-level cluster witness and showed a high noise tolerance. © 2019 The Author(s).
The Complete Color Harmony: Expert Color Information for Professional Color Results (2004)

A colour reference for all types of designers, artists and anyone who used colour in their work or creative pursuits. Along with some basic colour theory, the guide provides hundreds of one, two, and three-colour combinations selected to reflect a range of moods and adjectives. It includes information on creating special effects using metallic and fluorescent colour palettes, as well as a section devoted to the psychology of colour. The authors help readers determine their best colours and suggest why some colours may inspire creativity while others don't. The book also includes two colour palette sections reflecting black and white as the colour base, along with an expanded and updated colour trends sections that discusses trends and how they are predicted, giving advice on how to be a trend spotter.
Light-dependent herbicides: an overview (2000)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
The Analysis of Obstacles to Rural Microfinance Development in China (2011)

On the basis of presenting the terminology and classification of Rural Microfinance, this paper introduces the present situation of China's rural microfinance development and analyses the factors that hinder the highly efficient and sustainable development of rural microfinance in current China. These factors include the operational risk, the financial resource and the sustainability of development, the regulation issues, and the issue of financial supporting services. This paper also makes several suggestions concerning policy making: the government should vigorously promote innovations in systems and mechanisms as well as products, constantly improve financial supporting services, and put more emphasis on supervision and control, as well as policy support.
Multiprocessing interval processor for automated cytogenetics (1987)

In this paper we describe the genesis, use, and possible future of a device specialized for high-speed searching of microscope slides, but which also has considerable power of analysis of individual fields.
Optimizing Boolean Expressions in Object-Bases (1992)

In this paper we address the problem of optimizing the evaluation of boolean expressions in the context of object-oriented data modelling. We develop a new heuristic for optimizing the evaluation sequence of boolean expressions based on selectivity and cost estimates of the terms constituting the boolean expression. The quality and efficiency of the heuristic is evaluated based on a quantitative analysis which compares our heuristic with the optimal, but infeasible algorithm and other known methods. The heuristic is based on the selectivity and evaluation-cost estimates of the terms of which the boolean expression is composed. Deriving these inputs of the heuristics, i.e., the selectivity and cost estimates, is then addressed. We use an adaptation of well-known sampling for estimating the selectivity of terms. The cost estimation is much more complex than in the relational context due to the possibility of invoking functions within a boolean expression. We develop the decapsulation me...
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (2004)

*Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital; and †Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Send reprint requests to Joseph Biederman, Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit (WACC 725), Massachusetts General Hospital, WRN 705, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114-3139.
Designing and Implementation of a Network on Chip Router Based on Handshaking Communication Mechanism (2009)

Abstract: Power and performance play a significant role since the size of technology to build modern digital systems are reduced. Therefore, in designing these systems, all of the designing features shall somehow acquire their confirmation from the standpoint of these two parameters. One of the important features is communication. Communication portion in the power consumption of System on Chip can be up to 50 % of the whole power consumption of the chip. This deems to be more important for Network on Chips which center around an intercommunication networks. In this article, designing and implementation a NoC router based on handshaking communication protocol are presented.
Electrical conductivity in magnesium-doped Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>crystals at moderate temperatures (2001)

Abstract AC and DC electrical measurements between 273 and 800 K were used to characterize the electrical conductivity of Al2O3: Mg single crystals containing [Mg]0 centers. At low fields contacts are blocking. At high fields, electrical current flows steadily through the sample and the I–V characteristic corresponds to a directly biased barrier with a series resistance (bulk resistance). AC measurements yield values for the junction capacitance as well as for the sample resistance, and provide reproducible conductivity values. The conductivity varies linearly with the [Mg]0 concentration and a thermal activation energy of 0.67 eV was obtained, which agrees very well with the activation energy previously reported for the motion of free holes.
Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Doxycycline and Artemisinin in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (2002)

Parallel in vitro tests, assessing the inhibition of schizont maturation, were conducted with 31 fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand, using artemisinin, doxycycline, and combinations of both. The activities of artemisinin and doxycycline are obviously not correlated. Both compounds showed consistent synergism at 50% effective concentration (EC(50)), EC(90), and EC(99) levels.
iRhom2 Regulation of TACE Controls TNF-Mediated Protection Against <i>Listeria</i> and Responses to LPS (2012)

Innate immune responses are vital for pathogen defense but can result in septic shock when excessive. A key mediator of septic shock is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), which is shed from the plasma membrane after cleavage by the TNFα convertase (TACE). We report that the rhomboid family member iRhom2 interacted with TACE and regulated TNFα shedding. iRhom2 was critical for TACE maturation and trafficking to the cell surface in hematopoietic cells. Gene-targeted iRhom2-deficient mice showed reduced serum TNFα in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and could survive a lethal LPS dose. Furthermore, iRhom2-deficient mice failed to control the replication of Listeria monocytogenes. Our study has identified iRhom2 as a regulator of innate immunity that may be an important target for modulating sepsis and pathogen defense.
Optimized cleaning method for producing device quality InP(100) surfaces (2005)

A very effective, two-step chemical etching method to produce clean InP(100) surfaces when combined with thermal annealing has been developed. The hydrogen peroxide∕sulfuric acid-based solutions, which are successfully used to clean GaAs(100) surfaces, leave a significant amount of residual oxide on the InP surface which cannot be removed by thermal annealing. Therefore, a second chemical etching step is needed to remove the oxide. We found that strong acid solutions with HCl or H2SO4 are able to remove the surface oxide and leave the InP surface passivated with elemental P which is, in turn, terminated with H. This yields a hydrophobic surface and allows for lower temperatures to be used during annealing. We also determined that the effectiveness of oxide removal is strongly dependent on the concentration of the acid. Surfaces cleaned by HF solutions were also studied and result in a hydrophilic surface with F-terminated surface In atoms. The chemical reactions leading to the differences in behavior between InP and GaAs are analyzed and the optimum cleaning method for InP is discussed.
The Heavy Chain 4F2hc Modulates the Substrate Affinity and Specificity of the Light Chains LAT1 and LAT2 (2020)

The human L-type amino acid transporters LAT1 and LAT2 mediate the transport of amino acids and amino acid derivatives across plasma membranes in a sodium-independent, obligatory antiport mode. In mammalian cells, LAT1 and LAT2 associate with the type-II membrane N-glycoprotein 4F2hc to form heteromeric amino acid transporters (HATs). The glycosylated ancillary protein 4F2hc is known to be important for successful trafficking of the unglycosylated transporters to the plasma membrane. The heavy (i.e., 4F2hc) and light (i.e., LAT1 and LAT2) chains belong to the solute carrier (SLC) families SLC3 and SLC7, and are covalently linked by a conserved disulfide bridge. Overexpression, absence, or malfunction of certain HATs is associated with human diseases and HATs are therefore considered therapeutic targets. Here, we present a comparative, functional characterization of the HATs 4F2hc-LAT1 and 4F2hc-LAT2, and their light chains LAT1 and LAT2. For this purpose, the HATs and the light chains were expressed in the methylotrophic yeast <i>Pichia pastoris</i> and a radiolabel transport assay was established. Importantly and in contrast to mammalian cells, <i>P. pastoris</i> has proven useful as eukaryotic expression system to successfully express human LAT1 and LAT2 in the plasma membrane without the requirement of co-expressed trafficking chaperone 4F2hc. Our results show a novel function of the heavy chain 4F2hc that impacts transport by modulating the substrate affinity and specificity of corresponding LATs. In addition, the presented data confirm that the light chains LAT1 and LAT2 constitute the substrate-transporting subunits of the HATs, and that light chains are also functional in the absence of the ancillary protein 4F2hc.
Preparation and Disulfide Interchange Reactions of Unsymmetrical Open-chain Derivatives of Cystine (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Disulfide Interchange Reactions of Unsymmetrical Open-chain Derivatives of CystineLeonidas Zervas, Leo Benoiton, Ellinor Weiss, Milton Winitz, and Jesse P. GreensteinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 7, 1729–1734Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01516a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01516a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Human Genome Project and the Future of Medicine (1993)

The Human Genome Project is an international research effort the goal of which is to analyze the structure of human DNA and to determine the location of the estimated 100,000 human genes. Another component of the program is to analyze the DNA of a set of nonhuman model organisms to provide comparative information that is essential for understanding how the human genome functions. The project began formally in 1990. In this report, we summarize the rapid progress that has already been made; the impact that the resources already developed by the Human Genome Project have had on the ability of investigators to identify and isolate human genes, particularly those associated with disease; and the promise that the project offers for profoundly altering our approach to medical care, from one of treatment of advanced disease to prevention based on the identification of individual risk.
An Improved Diluent for Rubella Hemagglutination and Hemagglutination-Inhibition Tests (1968)

Rubella hemagglutinating (HA) antigen was prepared in BHK-21 tissue as 5% cell suspensions and from unconcentrated and 20x concentrated infected supernatant fluids. In some instances, unconcentrated fluids were treated with Tween 80 and ether; cell suspensions were treated with ether alone. Preparations were tested for HA activity in dextrose-gelatin-Veronal (DGV) buffer solutions; 0.85% NaCl; Sorenson's phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2; and a diluent of 0.9% NaCl, 0.1% CaCl(2) (anhydrous), and 0.1% MgSO(4).7H(2)O. HA titers were consistently two- to fourfold higher in the saline with added Ca(++) and Mg(++) than in DGV. Hemagglutination-inhibition titers of paired human sera were the same in either diluent. It is suggested that the interaction between rubella HA antigen and the red cells of young (less than 1-day-old) chicks may be at least partially ion dependent and that titers are enhanced by increased quantities of divalent cations.
Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis (2008)

This systematic review did not demonstrate any benefit of UDCA on mortality and mortality or liver transplantation of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The few beneficial effects could not be due to random errors or outcome reporting bias.
Low-Temperature Surface Cleaning of GaAs Using Trisdimethylaminoarsine (1994)

We applied trisdimethylaminoarsine (TDMAAs) to the surface cleaning of GaAs (111)B substrates in a high-vacuum environment in order to lower the treatment temperature. The native oxide formed on the substrate was removed at substrate temperatures as low as 400°C under TDMAAs pressure. Characterizations by atomic force microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that TDMAAs cleaning markedly improves the surface smoothness and reduces residual impurities (carbon and oxygen) compared to conventional thermal cleaning using As 4 . The photoluminescence spectra (77 K) of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells grown by molecular beam epitaxy directly (without a GaAs buffer layer) on a TDMAAs-cleaned substrate were comparable to those on a 500-nm-thick GaAs buffer layer after thermal cleaning.
Enhanced crystallization of GeTe from an Sb2Te3 template (2012)

Crystalline Sb2Te3 templates reduce the crystallization time of the phase change material GeTe by four orders of magnitude to 20 ns. Structural measurements and density functional theory molecular dynamics atomistic modeling show that this reduction is a direct consequence of textured crystal growth from a plane of octahedral crystal nucleation centers. The nucleation template serves to reduce the crystallization activation energy by 2.6 eV allowing crystallization to proceed at a temperature 95 °C lower than that of the untemplated GeTe film.
An expert system for startup scheduling and operation support in fossil power plants (2003)

An expert system is described which can support operations of fossil power plants in creating the optimum startup schedule and executing it accurately. The optimum speed-up and load-up pattern is obtained through an iterative modification of schedule parameters. The modification is based on fuzzy inference using quantitative calculations and qualitative knowledge. The quantitative calculations are based on plant dynamics models. The qualitative knowledge consists of schedule modification rules with fuzziness, which represent the relationships between stress margins and modification rates of the schedule parameters. Simulation analysis demonstrates that the system provides quick and accurate plant startups.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scalable Integration of Highly Uniform Mn<sub><i>x</i></sub>Co<sub>3−<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanosheet Array onto Ceramic Monolithic Substrates for Low‐Temperature Propane Oxidation (2017)

Abstract The redox reaction between KMnO 4 and Co(NO 3 ) 2 was designed and readily utilized for the scalable integration of spinel Mn x Co 3− x O 4 nanosheet arrays in three‐dimensional ceramic honeycombs by controlling the reaction temperature. The Co 2+ can reduce MnO 4 − to form Mn–Co spinel oxide nanosheet arrays uniformly on the channel surface of cordierite honeycomb. The novel platinum group metal free oxide nanosheet array integrated ceramic honeycomb monolith shows good low‐temperature catalytic activity for propane oxidation, with the 50 % conversion temperature achieved at 310 °C, which is a much lower temperature than that over the wash‐coated commercial Pt/Al 2 O 3 . These integrated Mn–Co composite oxide nanoarrays may hold great promise for the construction of advanced monolithic catalyst for high‐performance and low‐cost emission control.
Psycho-visual model of the human optical system as base for lossy-lossless compression of visual information (2002)

One piece of information can often be expressed in different ways. Information is mostly stored directly, and can then also be interpreted directly. However, since each information can also always be assigned to a certain context, there is a close assumption that each information is also redundant. An adapted mathematical context-oriented transformation enables, therefore, a secured increase to the effectiveness of general compression algorithms, which can be used for data storage and transfer.
Nanoscale Size Dependence on Metallic Nanoparticles: Case Study of Titanium Nanoparticles on Pulsed Laser Sintering of Hydroxyapatite/Titanium Nanoparticles (2011)

Nanoscale size effects on pulsed laser coating of hydroxyapatite/titanium nanoparticles on metal substrate is discussed in this article. Laser coating method has recently been developed to coat bioceramics material on Ti-6Al-4V substrate. Laser-coated bioceramics implants have several advantages due to the use of nanosized materials: strong interfacial bonding strength, good biocompatibility and potentially longer lifetime cycle. These advantages benefit from intrinsic properties of nanoparticles. Size effects on melting point, heat capacity, thermal and electrical conductivities have been discussed. Multiphysics model is built to reveal the mechanism of laser coating process. Two sub-modules are included in the model: electromagnetic module to represent the laser-nanoparticle interactions and heat transfer module to simulate the heat conduction. Both simulation and experimental results showed that nanoTi, functioning as nanoheaters, effectively enhances the laser coating sinterability. For large nanoTi (>100 nm), sinterability enhancement mainly attributes to the stronger laser-particle interactions due to higher plasmon resonance; for small nanoparticles (<100 nm), not only stronger laser-nanoparticle interactions, reduction on melting point also contributes to sinterability enhancement.