gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Clinical response and survival in metastatic renal carcinoma during subcutaneous administration of interleukin-2 alone. Subcutaneous Il-2 in renal carcinoma]. (1997)

Several clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy with Il-2 alone in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In an attempt to better define the clinical parameters which may predict the efficacy of treatment, the present study shows the results obtained with subcutaneous Il-2 alone in 91 evaluable metastatic RCC patients. IL-2 was injected subcutaneously at 3 million IU twice/day for 5 days/week for 6 weeks, corresponding to one immunotherapeutic cycle. In nonprogressing patients, a second cycle was given after 28-day rest period. A complete response (CR) was achieved in 2/91 patients. Moreover, 19/91 patients had a partial response (PR). Therefore, objective response (OR) rate was 21/91 (23%) patients. Stable disease (SD) was achieved in 41 patients, while the remaining 29 patients had a progressive disease (PD). OR rate was significantly higher in patients with a long disease-free survival than in patients with synchronous metastases, in nephrectomized patients than in the non-nephrectomized ones, and in patients with high than in those with low PS. The survival obtained in patients with CR or PA was significantly longer with respect to that found in patients with SD or PD. The toxicity was substantially low in all patients. This study confirms that the subcutaneous immunotherapy with IL-2 alone is an effective and well tolerated therapy of metastatic RCC.
Epitaxial Growth of Aluminum Nitride on Sapphire Using Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (1981)

Epitaxial aluminum nitride (AlN) films were grown on the basal planes of sapphire substrates using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MO-CVD), and the following results were obtained. (1) The substrate temperature and the trimethylaluminum (TMA) concentration dependences of the growth rate suggested that the growth process is limited by mass transport. (2) The crystalline perfection of epitaxial films is strongly affected not only by the substrate temperature but also by the gas flow pattern. (3) Single-crystal AlN films which include no misoriented grains can be grown epitaxially at ∼1200°C under carefully-controlled gas flow patterns. (4) Crystalline imperfection is caused mainly by (1 1̄01)-oriented grains which correspond to the hillocks observed in the surface morphology.
A new theoretical approach to photoacoustic signal generation (1999)

From the various mechanisms of photoacoustic (PA) signal generation, the one due to local thermal expansion in aqueous media is treated here in detail. This mechanism is also referred to as thermoelastic PA signal generation. A new physical explanation of the spherical PA profile is presented, from which the signals generated by other source geometries and temporal profiles can be deduced. The characteristic PA signal profiles are discussed for some fundamental and practical source geometries. Also the PA signal attenuation and deformation due to viscous and thermoelastic losses is discussed. The analytic result for the transient generated by a spherical Gaussian spatiotemporal PA source is presented. Experimental PA signals are shown for several geometries and source diameters.
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki‐67 antigen expression in human haematopoietic cells during growth stimulation and differentiation (1993)

By flow cytometric dual parameter analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the Ki-67 antigen a detailed cell cycle analysis can be performed. In this study the coordinated expression of these two growth-related antigens was investigated in human haematopoietic cells at entrance into the cell cycle as well as at exit from the cycle. In mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes entering the first cell cycle, the Ki-67 antigen was found to be expressed in S phase cells and not in G1 cells. Thus, the Ki-67 antigen expression in PCNA-positive S phase cells differed between continuously cycling cells and cells entering the cell cycle. Based on this difference, it was possible to visualize and evaluate the recruitment of cells into the first cell cycle from a resting stage. This new cell cycle parameter can give additional information concerning tumour growth. The Ki-67 antigen was also studied during different stages of G1 and was found to be expressed at high levels in early G1 cells compared with other parts of G1.
Inhibition of antigen-induced bronchial smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness by lovastatin in mice (2008)

Statins have been proposed as a novel treatment of respiratory diseases. To determine the beneficial effects of statins on the airway hyperresponsiveness, a characteristic feature of allergic bronchial asthma, the effect of systemic treatment with lovastatin on antigen-induced bronchial smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness was investigated in mice. Male BALB/c mice were sensitized and repeatedly challenged with ovalbumin antigen. Animals were also treated with lovastatin (4 mg/kg/day, i.p.) once a day prior to and during the antigen inhalation period. The bronchial smooth muscle responsiveness to acetylcholine, but not to high K(+)-depolarization, was markedly and significantly augmented in the repeatedly antigen challenged mice. The bronchial smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine induced by antigen exposure was significantly attenuated by the systemic treatment with lovastatin. Thus, lovastatin might have therapeutic potential to ameliorate airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic bronchial asthma.
Emerging Approaches for High-Resolution Imaging of Tissue Biomechanics With Optical Coherence Elastography (2015)

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is an emerging method to image the mechanical properties of tissue in 3D, with spatial resolution approaching the micrometer-scale. By offering the ability to connect between the cellular and bulk tissue levels, OCE has the potential to enable biomechanics-based clinical diagnostics and in vivo biomechanics investigations over a new spatial scale. We review the emerging approaches in OCE, emphasizing commonalities with ultrasound elastography and a fundamental connection to the emerging field of Mechanobiology. The concept of a forward and inverse problem is applied to image formation in OCE, and more broadly, to describe overall efforts in the field. We also discuss the potential impact that OCE holds for clinical and biological applications, and highlight future directions for the field, including opportunities for cross-modality and interdisciplinary interactions.
Oligomeric α‐synuclein and β‐amyloid variants as potential biomarkers for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases (2015)

Oligomeric forms of α-synuclein and β-amyloid are toxic protein variants that are thought to contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), respectively. The detection of toxic variants in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood has great promise for facilitating early and accurate diagnoses of these devastating diseases. Two hurdles that have impeded the use of these protein variants as biomarkers are the availability of reagents that can bind the different variants and a sensitive assay to detect their very low concentrations. We previously isolated antibody-based reagents that selectively bind two different oligomeric variants of α-synuclein and two of β-amyloid, and developed a phage-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with subfemtomolar sensitivity to quantify their presence. Here, we used these reagents to show that these oligomeric α-synuclein variants are preferentially present in PD brain tissue, CSF and serum, and that the oligomeric β-amyloid variants are preferentially present in AD brain tissue, CSF, and serum. Some AD samples also had α-synuclein pathology and some PD samples also had β-amyloid pathology, and, very intriguingly, these PD cases also had a history of dementia. Detection of different oligomeric α-synuclein and β-amyloid species is an effective method for identifying tissue, CSF and sera from PD and AD samples, respectively, and samples that also contained early stages of other protein pathologies, indicating their potential value as blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
Boron–boron bond oxidative addition to rhodium(I) and iridium(I) centres (1998)

The reaction between the diborane(4) compound B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2 and either of the rhodium(I) complexes [RhCl(PPh3)3] or [{Rh(µ-Cl)(PPh3)2}2] afforded the colourless rhodium(III) bis(boryl) species [RhCl(PPh3)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2]. Similar reactions have been carried out with the diborane(4) compounds B2(1,2-O2-4-ButC6H3)2, B2(1,2-O2-3,5-But2C6H2)2, B2(1,2-O2-3-MeC6H3)2, B2(1,2-O2-4-MeC6H3)2, B2(1,2-O2-3-MeOC6H3)2, B2(1,2-S2C6H4)2, B2(1,2-S2-4-MeC6H3)2 and B2[R,R-1,2-O2CH(CO2Me)CH(CO2Me)]2 affording analogous rhodium complexes all of which have been characterised spectroscopically. The complexes derived from the reactions with B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2 and B2(1,2-O2-3-MeC6H3)2 have also been characterised by X-ray crystallography, the structures comprising a five-co-ordinate rhodium centre with a square-based-pyramidal geometry in which the apical site is occupied by a boryl group and the phosphines are mutually trans in basal positions. Reactivity studies have also been carried out for [RhCl(PPh3)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2]. Hydrolysis or alcoholysis with catechol afforded [RhH2Cl(PPh3)3] and either B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2(µ-O) or B2(1,2-O2C6H4)3 and addition of the phosphines PMe3, PEt3 and PMe2Ph afforded the new bis(boryl) compounds cis,mer-[RhCl(PMe3)3{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2], [RhCl(PEt3)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2] and cis,mer-[RhCl(PMe2Ph)3{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2], the PEt3 complex having been characterised by X-ray crystallography and shown to be similar to the PPh3 complex. The iridium analogue [IrCl(PEt3)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2] was also prepared from the reaction between [IrCl(PEt3)3] and B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2 and shown by X-ray crystallography to be isomorphous with the rhodium complex. Reactions between [RhCl(PPh3)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2] and the phosphines PPri3, P(C6H11)3, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane (dcpe) are also described although these do not result in new rhodium boryl complexes. The reaction between [{RhCl(dppe)}2] and B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2 afforded a compound tentatively assigned as [Rh(dppe)2{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}] with analogous compounds being formed with the diborane(4) compounds B2(1,2-O2-3-MeC6H3)2 and B2(1,2-O2-4-MeC6H3)2. Finally, the reaction between [Rh(PMe3)4]Cl and the diborane(4) compound B2(1,2-O2C6H4)2 is described which affords cis,mer-[RhCl(PMe3)3{B(1,2-O2C6H4)}2]. Analogous reactions with B2(1,2-O2-3,5-But2C6H2)2, B2(1,2-O2-3-MeC6H3)2 and B2[R,R-1,2-O2CH(CO2Me)CH(CO2Me)]2 afforded similar products.
Selective Microwave Absorption by Trioctyl Phosphine Selenide: Does It Play a Role in Producing Multiple Sized Quantum Dots in a Single Reaction? (2009)

Chemical transformations carried out under MW (microwave) irradiation often produce unexpected rate enhancements because of selective MW absorption by the reactants in the solution. We demonstrate unprecedented control over nucleation, growth, and Ostwald ripening in the formation of CdSe quantum dots (QDs), the quintessential quantum dot. The selectivity of the MW reactions is demonstrated by the ability to generate multiple, different sized QDs in the same reaction, where each QD component exhibits 6−7% size dispersity. The number of QDs in solution translates to color saturation (intensity), and the size of the QD translates to color index and is completely controlled by temperature and concentration in the MW reaction. The ability to repetitively generate nucleation and growth events in which a specific color index with defined color saturation is isolated from a single reaction offers potential for preparing mixed QD compositions for applications in optical bar-coding, white light emitting diodes (LEDs), and photovoltaics (PVs).
Massachusetts Metabolic Disorders Screening Program. II. Methylmalonic Aciduria (1981)

Screening neonates for methylmalonic aciduria is part of routine screening for metabolic disorders in Massachusetts. The process of urine collection by the parent and transmitted to the central screening laboratory was described in a previous publication (Pediatrics 49: 825, 1972). The primary objective of screening for methylmalonic aciduria is to detect methylmalonic acidemia, an inherited organic acid disorder. During the most recent 5 1/2-year period when the sensitive fast blue B stain was used in the analysis, four infants with methylmalonic acidemia were detected among 293,535 screened. Additional infants and children who came to attention because of clinical illness or family study also could be readily detected. Prior to this period, 325,634 neonates had been screened with the aniline-xylose method, which proved to be not sensitive enough for the identification of methylmalonic aciduria. Some affected infants have responded well to therapy and are clinically normal while two have shown poor biochemical response and are developmentally delayed. Four children in two families appear to have a benign variant of methylmalonic acidemia. Based on these studies the observed incidence of methylmalonic acidemia in Massachusetts is 1:48,000. Screening for methylmalonic aciduria may be an appropriate addition to newborn screening programs.
Theory of Mental Tests (1950)

This classic volume outlines, for both students and professionals, the mathematical theories and equations that are necessary for evaluating a test and for quantifying its characteristics. The author utilizes formulas that evaluate both the reliability and the validity of tests. He also provides the means for evaluating the reliability and validity of total test scores and individual item analysis. The work remains one of the only books on classical test theory to discuss applications, "true score" theory, the effect of test length on reliability and validity, and the effects of univariate and multivariate selection on validity.
Gaseous negative ions from neutral molecules and positive ions: new information for neutralization-reionization mass spectrometry (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGaseous negative ions from neutral molecules and positive ions: new information for neutralization-reionization mass spectrometryRong Feng, Chrysostomos Wesdemiotis, and Fred W. McLaffertyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 21, 6521–6522Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00255a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00255a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Through a Glass, Darkly (1962)

The cold glass of beer felt good in Mike's hand- a pleasant contrast to the stifling heat of the August night with the sidewalks still smoldering from burning beneath the sun...
Sensor data fusion through a distributed blackboard (1986)

Sensor data fusion takes many forms and has diverse purposes. Sensor data fusion can improve a complex robot's picture of the world and increase its confidence in the truth of that picture. A computing architecture which supports many different schemes for fusing sensor data is necessary to support the activities of complex robots. One such architecture is the distributed blackboard mechanism implemented onboard the USMC Ground Surveillance Robot (GSR) [1]. The distributed blackboard has proven to be a very useful and flexible mechanism through which to accomplish effective sensor data fusion.
Error detection and posterror behavior in depressed undergraduates. (2008)

This study examined the influence of depression on error-monitoring and behavioral compensation after errors, two important aspects of cognitive control. Undergraduates differing in self-reported depression levels completed a modified Stroop task while error-related scalp potentials were recorded. Behaviorally, participants with higher depression scores were disproportionately slower and less accurate after errors in a task condition that included negative emotional words. Physiological results indicated that the amplitudes of the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe), two indices of error detection, were not correlated with depression score. ERN amplitudes predicted behavioral slowdown after errors, but only among more depressed participants in the negative-word condition. Together, the results imply that depression is associated not with an error detection deficit, but rather with alterations in subsequent performance changes, once errors have been identified.
Design of a nonnatural deoxyribonucleoside for recognition of GC base pairs by oligonucleotide-directed triple helix formation (1992)

The deoxyribonucleoside 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-3-methyl-5-amino-1H-pyrazolo4,3-d]py rimidin-7-one (P1) was designed such that two specific hydrogen bonds would form with guanine (G) of a Watson-Crick guanine-cytosine (GC) base pair in the major groove of double-helical DNA. One edge of the P1 heterocycle mimics N3-protonated cytosine, which would circumvent the pH dependence observed for the formation of triple helices containing C + GC base triplets. P1 was synthesized in five steps and incorporated by automated methods in pyrimidine oligodeoxyribonucleotides. From affinity cleaving analyses, the stabilities of base triplets decrease in the order P1.GC >> P1.CG >> P1.AT approximately P1.TA (pH 7.4, 35-degrees-C). P1 binds GC base pairs within a pyrimidinte triple-helix motif as selectively and strongly as C but over an extended pH range. Oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing P1 residues were shown to bind within plasmid DNA a single 15 base pair site containing five GC base pairs at pH 7.8 and a single 16 base pair site containing six contiguous GC base pairs at pH 7.4.
Disaster recovery strategies with tivoli storage management (2002)

Keeping your TSM server and clients safe from disaster How and why to build a disaster recovery plan Testing your disaster recovery plan Disasters, by their very nature, cannot be predicted, in either their intensity, timing, or effects. However, all enterprises can and should prepare for whatever might happen in order to protect themselves against loss of data or, worse, their entire business. It is too late to start preparing after a disaster occurs. This IBM Redbook will help you protect against a disaster - taking you step by step through the planning stages, with templates for sample documents. It explores the role that IBM Tivoli Storage Manager plays in disaster protection and recovery, from both the client and server side. Plus, it describes basic sample procedures for bare metal recovery of some popular operating systems, such as Windows 2000, AIX, Solaris, and Linux. This book is written for any computing professional who is concerned about protecting their data and enterprise from disaster. It assumes you have basic knowledge of storage technologies and products, in particular, IBM Tivoli Storage Manager.
Solar 3D printing of lunar regolith (2018)

The authors demonstrated the feasibility of sintering lunar regolith layer-by-layer solely using concentrated sunlight. First trials using actual concentrated sunlight led to an inhomogeneous sintering of individual layers of lunar regolith simulant, due to the significant flux density variations caused by atmospheric fluctuations. Tests focusing Xenon light demonstrated however the concept with the manufacturing of the first solar 3D printed brick made of lunar regolith simulant. The use of artificial light enabled steady illumination conditions over several hours as required to sinter lunar regolith layer-by-layer. Actual compressive strength of the sintered bricks, below 5 MPa, might be currently too low for a direct lunar application. High porosity levels and weak layer-to-layer bonding were observed on the micro-scale, but ways of improving the technology were found by reducing the thermal gradient and the cooling time between consecutive layers, thus showing the potential of the process. Adaptation of the technology on the Moon is presented to illustrate the suitability of solar additive manufacturing on the lunar surface, as a possible technique for shielding habitats and building roads prior to arrival of the astronauts.
Monax Strikes Best Yet at Waddikee (2011)

Monax Mining Ltd has struck best ever manganese hits at its Waddikee project in South Australia. Despite being a secondary project for the company behind its Punt Hill IOCG project in the Gawler Craton, recent high-grade mineralisation from the newly discovered Hodgins zone has demanded follow-up work.
Image organization and retrieval with automatically constructed feature vectors (1996)

effectively store and retrieve them based on their contents.
Gender Effects on Persistent Cerebral Metabolite Changes in the Frontal Lobes of Abstinent Cocaine Users (1999)

Cocaine use is associated with neuronal injury (with decreased N-acetyl compounds) in the frontal cortex and glial activation (with increased myoinositol) in both frontal gray and white matter. In the frontal lobe, cocaine affects male users differently than female users. Future studies on the effects of cocaine abuse should control for the effects of gender-specific neurotoxicity.
A hybrid segmental neural net/hidden Markov model system for continuous speech recognition (1994)

The current state-of-the-art in large-vocabulary, continuous speech recognition is based on the use of hidden Markov models (HMM). In an attempt to improve over HMM performance, the authors developed a hybrid system that combines the advantages of neural networks and HMM using a multiple hypothesis (or N-best) paradigm. The connectionist component of the system, the segmental neural net (SNN), models all the frames of a phonetic segment simultaneously, thus overcoming the well-known conditional-independence limitation of the HMM. They describe the hybrid system and discuss various aspects of SNN modeling, including network architectures, training algorithms and context modeling. Finally, they evaluate the hybrid system by performing several speaker-independent experiments with the DARPA Resource Management (RM) corpus, and demonstrate that the hybrid system shows a consistent improvement in performance over the baseline HMM system.