gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cytolytic CD8+ T Cells Recognizing CFP10 Are Recruited to the Lung after <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Infection (2004)

Optimum immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. In contrast with CD4(+) T cells, few antigens are known that elicit CD8(+) T cells during infection. CD8(+) T cells specific for culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP10) are found in purified protein derivative positive donors, suggesting that CFP10 primes CD8(+) T cells in vivo. Using T cells from M. tuberculosis-infected mice, we identified CFP10 epitopes recognized by CD8(+) T cells and CD4(+) T cells. CFP10-specific T cells were detected as early as week 3 after infection and at their peak accounted for up to 30% of CD8(+) T cells in the lung. IFNgamma-producing CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells recognizing CFP10 epitopes were preferentially recruited to the lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected mice. In vivo cytolytic activity of CD8(+) T cells specific for CFP10 and TB10.3/10.4 proteins was detected in the spleen, pulmonary lymph nodes, and lungs of infected mice. The cytolytic activity persisted long term and could be detected 260 d after infection. This paper highlights the cytolytic function of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells elicited by M. tuberculosis infection and demonstrates that large numbers of CFP10-specific cytolytic CD8(+) T cells are recruited to the lung after M. tuberculosis infection.
A Bluetooth signal strength based indoor localization method (2014)

Indoor location awareness is intended for many applications like patient monitoring and store navigation. Short range wireless protocols are usually preferred when other ways of location sensing methods such as Global Positioning Systems or Inertial Measurement Units may not be feasible to use indoors. Devices using Bluetooth protocol have the advantage of being low cost and also being widely available. In this paper an affordable indoor localization system is proposed where location evaluation is performed by measuring unknown positioned Bluetooth transmitters' signal levels at some known base stations. A localization method is proposed which uses calculated values of a defined error function to estimate the positions of unknown transmitters. The error function is based on a modified Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) metric. The error function is calculated using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements at each point under consideration. The error function is calculated at discrete points in the area of interest and the points with low calculated error values indicates locations where transmitters may be located with a high probability. The validity of the decision method is verified with a real-world experiment.
The αGal Epitope of the Histo-Blood Group Antigen Family Is a Ligand for Bovine Norovirus Newbury2 Expected to Prevent Cross-Species Transmission (2009)

Among Caliciviridae, the norovirus genus encompasses enteric viruses that infect humans as well as several animal species, causing gastroenteritis. Porcine strains are classified together with human strains within genogroup II, whilst bovine norovirus strains represent genogroup III. Various GI and GII human strains bind to carbohydrates of the histo-blood group family which may be shared among mammalian species. Genetic relatedness of human and animal strains as well as the presence of potentially shared ligands raises the possibility of norovirus cross-species transmission. In the present study, we identified a carbohydrate ligand for the prototype bovine norovirus strain Bo/Newbury2/76/UK (NB2). Attachment of virus-like particles (VLPs) of the NB2 strain to bovine gut tissue sections showed a complete match with the staining by reagents recognizing the Galalpha1,3 motif. Alpha-galactosidase treatment confirmed involvement of a terminal alpha-linked galactose. Specific binding of VLPs to the alphaGal epitope (Galalpha3Galbeta4GlcNAcbeta-R) was observed. The binding of Galalpha3GalalphaOMe to rNB2 VLPs was characterized at atomic resolution employing saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR experiments. Transfection of human cells with an alpha1,3galactosyltransferase cDNA allowed binding of NB2 VLPs, whilst inversely, attachment to porcine vascular endothelial cells was lost when the cells originated from an alpha1,3galactosyltransferase KO animal. The alphaGal epitope is expressed in all mammalian species with the exception of the Hominidaea family due to the inactivation of the alpha1,3galactosyltransferase gene (GGTA1). Accordingly, the NB2 carbohydrate ligand is absent from human tissues. Although expressed on porcine vascular endothelial cells, we observed that unlike in cows, it is not present on gut epithelial cells, suggesting that neither man nor pig could be infected by the NB2 bovine strain.
La arquitecura almohade (1998)

High-dose therapy with stem cell rescue is a treatment option for patients with advanced solid tumors. Although this approach has promise for some pediatric cancers, especially neuroblastoma, it is limited by the risk of relapse posttransplant as well as concern about possible reinfused tumor cells in autologous stem cell products. Antiangiogenic agents given during and after recovery from high-dose therapy with stem cell rescue may decrease the risk of relapse. TNP-470 is an antiangiogenic agent now in clinical trials. Although it inhibits the growth of bone marrow (BM) colony-forming cells in vitro, no significant hematological toxicity has been seen in Phase I trials. To assess the feasibility of using antiangiogenic agents during the period of posttransplant hematopoietic engraftment, we have developed a model of stem cell transplant in mice. Mice were lethally irradiated and then rescued with stem cells containing a transgene expressed in the hematopoietic lineage. Mice were then treated with TNP-470 or placebo, and assessed for survival, successful engraftment, and kinetics of engraftment. Both treated and control mice demonstrated reliable multilineage engraftment as well as normal lymphoid maturation with no excess mortality in the treated group. WBCs were lower but still within the normal range at d+28 in mice treated with bolus TNP-470, but not in those treated with continuous infusion TNP-470, compared with controls. These data indicate that inhibitors of angiogenesis do not adversely impact engraftment after stem cell transplantation.
On slicing programs with jump statements (1994)

Program slices have potential uses in many software engineering applications. Traditional slicing algorithms, however, do not work correctly on programs that contain explicit jump statements. Two similar algorithms were proposed recently to alleviate this problem. Both require the flowgraph and the program dependence graph of the program to be modified. In this paper, we propose an alternative algorithm that leaves these graphs intact and uses a separate graph to store the additional required information. We also show that this algorithm permits an extremely efficient, conservative adaptation for use with programs that contain only “structured” jump statements.
Transition Metal Transport in Plants and Associated Endosymbionts: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobia (2016)

Transition metals such as iron, copper, zinc, or molybdenum are essential nutrients for plants. These elements are involved in almost every biological process, including photosynthesis, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, or symbiotic nitrogen fixation. However, plants often grow in soils with limiting metallic oligonutrient bioavailability. Consequently, to ensure the proper metal levels, plants have developed a complex metal uptake and distribution system, that not only involves the plant itself, but also its associated microorganisms. These microorganisms can simply increase metal solubility in soils and making them more accessible to the host plant, as well as induce the plant metal deficiency response, or directly deliver transition elements to cortical cells. Other, instead of providing metals, can act as metal sinks, such as endosymbiotic rhizobia in legume nodules that requires relatively large amounts to carry out nitrogen fixation. In this review, we propose to do an overview of metal transport mechanisms in the plant-microbe system, emphasizing the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endosymbiotic rhizobia.
Transient two-dimensional spectroscopy with linear absorption corrections applied to temperature-jump two-dimensional infrared (2011)

Multidimensional spectroscopies provide increased spectral information but time resolution is often limited by the picosecond lifetimes of the transitions they probe. At the expense of additional complexity, transient multidimensional techniques extend the accessible timescales for studying nonequilibrium chemical and biophysical phenomena. Transient temperature-jump (T-jump) experiments are particularly versatile, since they can be applied to any temperature-dependent change of state. We have developed a method to correct transient nonlinear techniques for distortions resulting from transient linear absorption of the probing pulses, distortions which can lead to false interpretations of the data. We apply these corrections in the collection of T-jump transient two-dimensional infrared spectra for the peptides diglycine and the β-hairpin peptide trpzip2. For diglycine, the T-jump induces changes in H-bonding, a response which is inherent to all aqueous systems. The trpzip2 results probe the hairpin unfolding kinetics and reveal two time scales: <10 ns increased flexibility and 1.1 μsβ-hairpin disordering.
The Value of Preoperative Needle Core Biopsy for Diagnosing Benign Lesions Among Small, Incidentally Detected Renal Masses (2008)

We found that needle core biopsy was a safe and accurate technique for distinguishing between malignant and benign tumors in small asymptomatic incidentally detected renal masses. Biopsy of small tumors is associated with a relatively high rate of technical biopsy failure, although this may be addressed by adopting improved biopsy techniques, as discussed.
A Computer Organization and Programming System for Automated Maintenance (1963)

This paper describes an approach to the maintenance problem of central processors which minimizes the human role. This approach consists of a combination of 1) a programming system which computes the diagnostic program from the design-automation tape, and 2) a novel organization of a part of the controls of an experimental computer. Problems which require solution are listed and reasons are given as to why they were solved by the methods described. An account of the programming system and hardware as implemented is given, and improvements in them are considered in the light of difficulties encountered.
Cricopharyngeal Myotomy Normalizes the Opening Size of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter in Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction (2006)

UES opening size in patients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction is 57% of the size in normal controls. CP myotomy helps to normalize the UES opening in cricopharyngeal dysfunction repair.
Dual inhibitory effects of APOBEC family proteins on retrotransposition of mammalian endogenous retroviruses (2006)

We demonstrated previously that the cytosine deaminase APOBEC3G inhibits retrotransposition of two active murine endogenous retroviruses, namely intracisternal A-particles (IAP) and MusD, in an ex vivo assay where retrotransposition was monitored by selection of neo-marked elements. Sequencing of the transposed copies further disclosed extensive editing, resulting in a high load of G-to-A mutations. Here, we asked whether this G-to-A editing was associated with an impact of APOBEC3G on viral cDNA yields. To this end, we used a specially designed quantitative PCR method to selectively measure the copy number of transposed retroelements, in the absence of G418 selection. We show that human APOBEC3G severely reduces the number of MusD and IAP transposed cDNA copies, with no effect on the level of the intermediate RNA transcripts. The magnitude of the decrease closely parallels that observed when transposed copies are assayed by selection of G418-resistant cells. Moreover, sequencing of transposed elements recovered by PCR without prior selection of the cells reveals high-level editing. Using this direct method with a series of cytosine deaminases, we further demonstrate a similar dual effect of African green monkey APOBE3G, human APOBEC3F and murine APOBEC3 on MusD retrotransposition, with a distinct extent and site specificity for each editing activity. Altogether the data demonstrate that cytosine deaminases have a protective effect against endogenous retroviruses both by reducing viral cDNA levels and by introducing mutations in the transposed copies, thus inactivating them for subsequent rounds of retrotransposition. This dual, two-step effect likely participates in the efficient defense of the cell genome against invading endogenous retroelements.
Efficient Music Genre Retrieval Based on Peer Interest Clustering in P2P Networks (2007)

Content-based music retrieval is desirable in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks, considering its popularity for users and its ability of semantic search, intensive computing cost raises a barrier to efficiency and scalability though. In this paper, we propose an approach of music genre retrieval based on peer interest clustering. Automatic music feature extraction and adaptive shared music file clustering are described. Peers with similar music genre are clustered together, based on which search mechanism and improvement alternatives are deployed. The results of experiments prove the algorithm increases search performance, including precision and recall while reducing network traffic and peer workload.
Space integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) navigation system for Space Shuttle (2003)

This paper consists of a description of the lessons learned and the results of the integration of Honeywell's space-capable Space Integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) navigation system into the Space Shuttle vehicle. The SIGI, as demonstrated during the Shuttle flight test missions, was fully operational during all Shuttle mission phases, ascent, on-orbit, entry, and landing. The SIGI provides three independent navigation solutions (Blended GPS/INS, GPS-Only, and INS-Only) for output at all times. The software upgrades for Space Shuttle include an improved gravity model and blended Kalman filter error states. The SIGI provides a cold start capability to perform an in-space initialization. The SIGI has flown on six Shuttle flight demonstration tests (DTO 700-15). This paper will discuss the performance of the SIGI operation during these flights. These flight test missions have provided the insight into required SIGI software upgrades to make the SIGI more compatible to the existing Shuttle features and interfaces. Flight tests of the SIGI have demonstrated the expected improved performance of an Integrated GPS/INS system as compared to the existing stand-alone GPS and IMU systems.
Segment-based multiple sequence alignment (2008)

The segment-based multiple sequence alignment tool can be downloaded from http://www.seqan.de/projects/msa.html. A novel version of T-Coffee interfaced with the tool is available from http://www.tcoffee.org. The usage of the tool is described in both documentations.
A Tale of Clouds: Paradigm Comparisons and Some Thoughts on Research Issues (2008)

Cloud computing is an emerging computing paradigm. It aims to share data, calculations, and services transparently among users of a massive grid. Although the industry has started selling cloud-computing products, research challenges in various areas, such as UI design, task decomposition, task distribution, and task coordination, are still unclear. Therefore, we study the methods to reason and model cloud computing as a step toward identifying fundamental research questions in this paradigm. In this paper, we compare cloud computing with service computing and pervasive computing. Both the industry and research community have actively examined these three computing paradigms. We draw a qualitative comparison among them based on the classic model of computer architecture. We finally evaluate the comparison results and draw up a series of research questions in cloud computing for future exploration.
Quantitation of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA and latency-associated transcripts in rabbit trigeminal ganglia demonstrates a stable reservoir of viral nucleic acids during latency (1996)

In this investigation we determined the dynamics of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA and latency-associated transcripts (LAT) in the latently infected rabbit trigeminal ganglion. Rabbit eyes were infected with either the McKrae strain or the l7Syn+ strain of HSV-1. Rabbits were sacrificed between 5 and 360 days after infection and their trigeminal ganglia were analyzed for the number of HSV DNA genomes and the number of neuronal cells expressing LAT. There was no statistically significant change in the number of HSV genomes or the number of neuronal cells expressing LAT in these ganglia between 20 and 360 days after infection. For both strains, the amount of HSV DNA averaged 16.8 genomes per 100 cells, and 9.2% of the neurons expressed LAT. There were 17 to 34 HSV genomes per LAT-expressing neuronal cell. The number of LAT-expressing neurons did not change over the 360 days. Spontaneous reactivation (HSV-1 recovery in tear film) and recurrence (HSV-1-specific epithelial lesions) occurred during the period of this study; however, these events did not alter the quantity of HSV-1 DNA or the number of LAT-expressing cells. These results suggest that after the latent infection is established, the viral DNA in the ganglia does not replicate to any measurable extent over long periods of latency, since no significant change in the number of HSV genomes occurs. The results also suggest that only a very small number of latently infected neuronal cells are needed to produce infectious HSV-1 during reactivation.
Iron Overload Augments the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Rabbits (1995)

Iron, a major oxidant in vivo, could be involved in atherosclerosis through the induction of the formation of oxidized LDL, a major atherogenic factor. This study was designed to test this hypothesis experimentally. Four groups of New Zealand White rabbits were included: iron-overloaded/hypercholesterolemic (group A, n = 8), iron-overloaded (group B, n = 6), hypercholesterolemic (group C, n = 6), and untreated (group D, n = 6). Iron overload was achieved by the intramuscular administration of 1.5 g of iron dextran divided in 30 doses. Hypercholesterolemia was produced by feeding rabbit chow enriched with 0.5% (wt/wt) cholesterol. Serum iron, ferritin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoperoxides in serum were measured throughout the study. Lipoperoxides were measured at the end of the study in liver, aorta, and spleen homogenates. Aortas of groups A and C had multiple lesions; however, group A had greater lesional involvement than group C (P < .05). Lesions were not observed in rabbits fed normal chow (group D). As expected, serum iron and ferritin were above normal levels in groups A and B. Serum cholesterol increased in groups A and C. Lipoperoxides in liver and spleen homogenates of iron-overloaded rabbits were increased. Interestingly, iron deposits were seen by ultrastructural studies in the arterial walls of rabbits in groups A and B. Our study suggests that iron overload augments the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
Development of a <i>Chlamydophila psittaci</i> species-specific and genotype-specific real-time PCR (2005)

A Chlamydophila psittaci species-specific real-time PCR targeting the rDNA ribosomal spacer was developed as well as a genotype-specific real-time PCR targeting the Cp. psittaci outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene. The SYBR Green-based species-specific real-time PCR detected Cp. psittaci genotypes A to F, and the recently discovered E/B genotype. The genotype-specific real-time PCR could easily distinguish genotypes C, D, F by use of TaqMan probes. Genotypes A, B and E could not be distinguished from each other by simply using TaqMan probes. For this purpose, non-fluorescent competitor oligonucleotides, had to be used next to the TaqMan probes. Genotype E/B could only be detected by use of a minor groove binder (MGB) probe. Both real-time PCR assays allowed reproducible, sensitive (10 rDNA or ompA copies/L DNA extract) and specific detection of Cp. psittaci DNA. The genotype-specific real-time PCR was compared to ompA sequencing and ompA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using five Cp. psittaci field isolates (99, 61/8, 7344/2, 8615/1 and 7778B15) each consisting of two different genotypes. The currently developed real-time PCR assays were used in a case study on a veterinary school and a turkey farm. In the veterinary school, Cp. psittaci genotypes D, E/B and F infection were detected in all five groups of turkeys, and one veterinarian who was taking care of all these turkeys. On the turkey farm, the presence of two Cp. psittaci genotype B infection waves was demonstrated in one randomly selected turkey, the first wave at the age of 6 weeks, and the second at the age of 12 weeks.
Phosphoranes. 4. Methylbis(trifluoromethyl)phosphoranes, CH3(CF3)2PXY, with monofunctional [fluoro, chloro, methoxy, dimethylamino] substitutents (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphoranes. 4. Methylbis(trifluoromethyl)phosphoranes, CH3(CF3)2PXY, with monofunctional [fluoro, chloro, methoxy, dimethylamino] substitutentsKwat I. The and Ronald G. CavellCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 6, 1463–1470Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50172a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50172a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts