gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Method for Vascular Occlusion (1987)

A new photochemical method has been used to produce focal thrombosis and occlusion of the blood vessels on the surface of the myelin wings of rabbit retinas. Following intravenous injection of rose bengal, the vessels next to the disc on the nasal wing were exposed to filtered light (550 nm, the absorption maximum of rose bengal) for four minutes. As a control, the vessels on the temporal wing of each rabbit eye were exposed to filtered light for four minutes before the injection of rose bengal. Complete vascular occlusion was produced on the nasal wing in all eyes, with no visible alterations on the temporal wing. Progressive reopening of the arteries on the nasal wing was observed at three days, with reopening of the veins visible by seven days. Reperfusion of capillaries had occurred by 21 days. Light and electron microscopic examination of blood vessels on the nasal wing after light exposure with rose bengal showed disrupted endothelial cells in all exposed blood vessels and platelet aggregates in the arteries and arterioles. No morphologic abnormalities were observed in the temporal wings. This method should be useful in studying the effects of vascular occlusion in the retina and could lead to a new treatment modality for subretinal, iris, or corneal neovascularization.
Unifying network configuration and service assurance with a service modeling language (2003)

A declarative service model is introduced to describe the multiple facets of service definition, network provisioning, and element configuration. This approach addresses the emergent large packet-switched networks based on the IP protocol that involve high capability backbone switches in conjunction with the edge devices supporting protocol adaptation for the end users. A modeling language is used to define the various aspects of user-level services such as rate, duration, connectivity, and quality-of-service parameters. These definitions can be processed to automatically determine the network-level aggregate services most relevant for backbone switch provisioning. On the other hand, these service definitions can be transformed to generate detailed configuration parameters for a large number of edge devices.
Particle-based fluid-fluid interaction (2005)

The interesting and complex behavior of fluids emerges mainly from interaction processes. While interactions of fluids with static or dynamic solids has caught some attention in computer graphics lately, the mutual interaction of different types of fluids such as air and water or water and wax has received much less attention although these types of interaction are the basis for a variety of important phenomena.In this paper we propose a new technique to model fluid-fluid interaction based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. For the simulation of air-water interaction, air particles are generated on the fly only where needed. We also model dynamic phase changes and interface forces. Our technique makes possible the simulation of phenomena such as boiling water, trapped air and the dynamics of a lava lamp.
Neural Network Implementation Using Fpga: Issues And Application (2008)

.Hardware realization of a Neural Network (NN), to a large extent depends on the efficient implementation of a single neuron. FPGA-based reconfigurable computing architectures are suitable for hardware implementation of neural networks. FPGA realization of ANNs with a large number of neurons is still a challenging task. This paper discusses the issues involved in implementation of a multi-input neuron with linear/nonlinear excitation functions using FPGA. Implementation method with resource/speed tradeoff is proposed to handle signed decimal numbers. The VHDL coding developed is tested using Xilinx XC V50hq240 Chip. To improve the speed of operation a lookup table method is used. The problems involved in using a lookup table (LUT) for a nonlinear function is discussed. The percentage saving in resource and the improvement in speed with an LUT for a neuron is reported. An attempt is also made to derive a generalized formula for a multi-input neuron that facilitates to estimate approximately the total resource requirement and speed achievable for a given multilayer neural network. This facilitates the designer to choose the FPGA capacity for a given application. Using the proposed method of implementation a neural network based application, namely, a Space vector modulator for a vector-controlled drive is presented
Proven Hydraulic Fracturing Field Applications for Real-Time Visualization and Monitoring System (2017)

Abstract The confirmation of critical downhole events helps operators make effective real-time decisions during hydraulic fracturing operations. A relatively new monitoring system has been gaining traction in the industry, using high resolution pressure and acoustic signals to help operators visualize downhole and surface events. This paper briefly describes the real-time visualization system (RTVS) monitoring operation and focuses on case histories from the field. Traditionally, downhole events such as fracturing sleeve shifts are verified by surface pressure signatures. Gaps may occur when conventional pressure signatures are ambiguous, if, for example, the bottomhole pressure is low. The monitoring system provides a visual and audible representation of downhole and wellhead events, using a unique and specialized array of electronic sensors. The monitoring system operates alongside conventional pressure measurement, as a separate and independent verification. The data stream can be integrated with conventional monitoring data. Through a series of both onshore and offshore case histories, the system is proven to be able to confirm both pressure and non-pressure events. The paper includes detailed field examples utilizing the visualization system. Specific examples include determination of ball launches from the wellhead to confirm launch equipment and procedures. Fracturing sleeve operations can be verified, including balls seating and sleeves shifting. Failed ball launches at surface or unshifted sliding sleeves downhole can result in a costly loss of entire treatment stages or inadvertent overstimulation. Equally important are troubleshooting issues, which, if correctly diagnosed, allows the problem to be effectively addressed. Themonitoring system has detected equipment failure, including pump and casing breaches. Also, the paper will address limitations of the monitoring system; some types of events are not clearly identifiable. The RTVS is deployed on surface, can be set up in 30 minutes, and has a small footprint. Real-time monitoring adds an extra layer of information, enabling better completion optimization, and reducing uncertainty and downtime. Continued data collection will provide theindustry with a better understanding of unseen events that will contribute tofuture operation and technology development.
Possible transition-state analogs for ribonuclease. Complexes of uridine with oxovanadium(IV) ion and vanadium(V) ion (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPossible transition-state analogs for ribonuclease. Complexes of uridine with oxovanadium(IV) ion and vanadium(V) ionRobert N. Lindquist, Jesse L. Lynn, and Gustav E. LienhardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 26, 8762–8768Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00807a043RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views286Altmetric-Citations199LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (864 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Simple Method for Compensation of Thermally-Induced Birefringence in High-Power Solid-State Lasers (2005)

We demonstrate that a single quarter-wave plate can be used to greatly reduce the effects of thermally-induced stress-birefringence for a diode-bar-end-pumped Nd:YAG laser operating at 946nm, 2.9W of linearly polarised output with M2 < 1.2 was obtained for 14.3 W of incident pump power
Integration of Quartz Crystal Microbalance-Dissipation and Reflection-Mode Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Biomacromolecular Interaction Analysis (2016)

The combination of label-free, surface-sensitive measurement techniques based on different physical principles enables detailed characterization of biomacromolecular interactions at solid-liquid interfaces. To date, most combined measurement systems have involved experimental techniques with similar probing volumes, whereas the potential of utilizing techniques with different surface sensitivities remains largely unexplored, especially for data interpretation. Herein, we report a combined measurement approach that integrates a conventional quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) setup with a reflection-mode localized surface plasmon (LSPR) sensor. Using this platform, we investigate vesicle adsorption on a titanium oxide-coated sensing substrate along with the amphipathic, α-helical (AH) peptide-induced structural transformation of surface-adsorbed lipid vesicles into a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) as a model biomacromolecular interaction. While the QCM-D and LSPR signals both detected mass uptake arising from vesicle adsorption, tracking the AH peptide-induced structural transformation revealed more complex measurement responses based on the different surface sensitivities of the two techniques. In particular, the LSPR signal recorded an increase in optical mass near the sensor surface which indicated SLB formation, whereas the QCM-D signals detected a significant loss in net acoustic mass due to excess lipid and coupled solvent leaving the probing volume. Importantly, these measurement capabilities allowed us to temporally distinguish the process of SLB formation at the sensor surface from the overall structural transformation process. Looking forward, these label-free measurement capabilities to simultaneously probe adsorbates at multiple length scales will provide new insights into complex biomacromolecular interactions.
Ferroelectric plasma sources (2003)

We review our studies of ferroelectric plasma sources and their applications. Using various diagnostics it was shown that the source of the charged particle emission from the ferroelectric is a plasma, produced as a result of an incomplete surface discharge. The process of the plasma formation is accompanied by desorption of neutrals from the ferroelectric surface. Generation of electron beams with current amplitude of few kA and electron energy up to 300 keV are described. We also present data concerning an enhanced emission mode of the ferroelectric plasma source and its application as a source of heavy ions. Results of applications of ferroelectric plasma sources in hollow cathode discharge, as cathodes in magnetrons and in reflex triodes, as high-current switches and for generation of high-frequency modulated electron beams are presented as well.
Forced Subunit Assembly in α1β2γ2 GABAAReceptors (2002)

The major isoform of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor is thought to be composed of 2alpha(1), 2beta(2), and 1gamma(2) subunit(s), which surround the ion pore. Definite evidence for the subunit arrangement is lacking. We show here that GABA(A) receptor subunits can be concatenated to a trimer that can be functionally expressed upon combination with a dimer. Many combinations did not result in the functional expression. In contrast, four different combinations of triple subunits with dual subunit constructs, all resulting in the identical pentameric receptor gamma(2)beta(2)alpha(1)beta(2)alpha(1), could be successfully expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We characterized the functional properties of these receptors in respect to agonist, competitive antagonist, and diazepam sensitivity. All properties were similar to those of wild type alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) GABA(A) receptors. Thus, together with information on the crystal structure of the homologous acetylcholine-binding protein (Brejc, K., van Dijk, W. J., Klaassen, R. V., Schuurmans, M., van Der Oost, J., Smit, A. B., and Sixma, T. K., (2001) Nature 411, 269-276, we provide evidence for an arrangement gamma(2)beta(2)alpha(1)beta(2)alpha(1), counterclockwise when viewed from the synaptic cleft. Forced subunit assembly will also allow receptors containing different subunit isoforms or mutant subunits to be expressed, each in a desired position. The methods established here should be applicable to the entire ion channel family comprising nicotinic acetylcholine, glycine, and 5HT(3) receptors.
Nitrite as an antidote for acute hydrogen sulfide intoxication? (1981)

The detoxification of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by a heme catalyzed oxidation was examined as part of an on-going study of H2S toxicity. Interlocking O2 absorption and sulfide depletion data indicate that both oxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin are effective catalytic agents. Although the latter is more efficacious, the life time of excess sulfide in the presence of oxygen and either of the above is of the order of minutes. It has also been established that the formation of methemoglobin following nitrite administration occurs preferentially under oxygen poor conditions. Under an atmospheric or oxygen enriched environment, which favors sulfide depletion, the nitrite retards sulfide oxidation. Thus nitrite as an antidote for acute H2S intoxication can only be effective within the first few minutes after the exposure, at which time resuscitation and/or ventilation of the victim is likely to produce conditions in which the nitrite actually slows sulfide removal.
Fulminant hepatic failure. (1988)

These discussions are selected from the weekly staff conferences in the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Taken from transcriptions, they are prepared by Drs Homer A. Boushey, Professor of Medicine, and David G. Warnock, Associate Professor of Medicine, under the direction of Dr Lloyd H. Smith, Jr, Professor of Medicine and Associate Dean in the School of Medicine. Requests for reprints should be sent to the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143.
Improved algorithm for the suppression of interference fringe in absorption spectroscopy (2004)

An improved computational method for the suppression of interference fringe in absorption spectroscopy has been developed. The interference fringe is isolated using a combination of digital filter techniques in the energy, or cm−1, domain and Fourier analysis in the wavelength, or cm, domain. The isolated fringe spectrum is then cleanly subtracted from the original spectrum. This process does not distort spectral features or the spectral base line. Applications of this technique to surface infrared spectroscopy are presented.
<title>Cooperative search algorithm for mutual-information-based image registration</title> (2001)

Mutual information (MI) has been used widely as a similarity measure for many multi-modality image registration problems. MI of two registered images is assumed to attain its global maximum. One major problem while implementing this technique is the lack of an efficient yet robust global optimizer. The direct use of existing global optimizers such as simulated annealing (SA) or genetic algorithms (GA) may not be feasible in practice since they suffer from the following problems: 1) When should the algorithm be terminated. 2) The maximum found may be a local maximum. The problems mentioned above can be avoided if the maximum found can be identified as the global maximum by means of a test. In this paper, we propose a global maximum testing algorithm for the MI based registration function. Based on this test, a cooperative search algorithm is proposed to increase the capture range of any local optimizer. Here we define the capture range as the collection of points in the parameter space starting from which a specified local optimizer can be used to reach the global optimum successfully. When used in conjunction with these two algorithms, a global optimizer like GA can be adopted to yield an efficient and robust image registration procedure. Our experiments demonstrate the successful application of our procedure.
The optical and electrical properties of silver azide and their relation to its decomposition (1957)

Abstract Measurements of the refractive indices, the low-(radio)-frequency dielectric constant, the ultra-violet absorption spectra and the photoconductivity of silver azide have been made. The absorption spectra have been measured at room temperature, at —80 and at —175° C. The photoconductivity has been measured as a function of time of illumination, electric field strength, wavelength, intensity of illumination at various wavelengths, and temperature. The measurements suggest that the absorption of light in the crystal produces excitons and that the photoconductivity is a direct result of the dissociation of these excitons into free electrons and positive holes. The electronic energy levels of the crystal, as determined from these measurements, have been used to calculate the activation energies for the slow photochemical and thermal decomposition of silver azide.
Increased Serum Formate in the Diagnosis of Methanol Poisoning (2005)

Early diagnosis is essential for successful treatment in methanol poisoning. Methanol detection by gas chromatography is not available in most hospitals. Methanol increases the osmolal gap in serum and its metabolite formate increases the anion gap. The sensitivity of these indirect diagnostic methods is not good at low concentrations of methanol or formate. We therefore studied the usefulness of formate measurement in diagnosing methanol poisoning. In 15 patients poisoned with methanol, serum formate was measured enzymatically on a Cobas Mira analyzer using formate dehydrogenase and nicotinamid adenine dinucleotid. Day-to-day coefficient of variation was 5%, and the upper reference limit was 2 mg/dL (0.4 mmol/L). Methanol was detected in all 15 patients of whom 14 had elevated serum formate concentrations. Anion gap was increased in 11 of 11, and osmolal gap in 11 patients of 15 examined. Metabolic acidosis was present in 12 of 15 patients, but pH was below 7.30 in only 9 of them. Four patients with no symptoms had formate concentrations in the range 2-38 mg/dL (0.5-8.3 mmol/L), indicating that increased serum formate was a sensitive indicator of methanol poisoning. Our results proved formate analyzes to be a simple, sensitive, and specific way of diagnosing methanol poisoning. Confounders are patients admitted early, or concomitant ethanol ingestion, and therefore no acidosis. This problem may, however, be omitted by repeated formate analysis in patients developing metabolic acidosis.
Face Detection in Color Images Using AdaBoost Algorithm Based on Skin Color Information (2008)

This paper proposes a novel technique for detecting faces in color images using AdaBoost algorithm combined with skin color segmentation. First,skin color model in the YCbCr chrominance space is built to segment the non-skin-color pixels from the image. Then, mathematical morphological operators are used to remove noisy regions and fill holes in the skin-color region, so we can extract candidate human face regions. Finally, these face candidates are scanned by cascade classifier based on AdaBoost for more accurate face detection. This system detects human face in different scales, various poses, different expressions, lighting conditions, and orientation. Experimental results show the proposed system obtains competitive results and improves detection performance substantially.
Profiles of immune cell infiltration and immune-related genes in the tumor microenvironment of HNSCC with or without HPV infection. (2021)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are the sixth most common cancer type in the world. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an emerging risk factor for HNSCC. Immune infiltration of HNSCC is linked to therapeutic results. This article aimed to decide whether variations in HPV status affect immune infiltration, molecular mechanism, and how these results vary in HNSCC patients. We investigated the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and immune-related gene differences between HPV (+) and HPV (-) HNSCC. The gene expression quantification data of HNSCC and their clinical information were download from the TCGA database. Immune-related genes have been linked to the ImmPort platform. After analyzed of 22 TIICs in the HNSCC tumor environment by CIBERSORT and further assessment, lower memory B cell and higher T cell regulatory were connected with better HPV (-) HNSCC outcome, higher activated memory CD4 T cell, higher T cell regulatory, and lower activated NK cell were linked with better HPV (+) result. We finally got five forms of immune genes (CAMP, EDNRB, NTS, CXCL9, LHB) associated with HNSCC progression. Higher expressions of CAMP, EDNRB, and NTS were associated with increased overall survival in HPV (-) patients. Higher expression of CXCL9 and lower expression of LHB contributed to increased overall survival of HPV (+) patients. There tend to be discrepancies in the cell structure of TIICs and immune-related genes in HPV (-) and HPV (+) HNSCC. These variances are typically too crucial for the therapeutic outcome of the patient and the development of the tumor. In specific, our sample established these candidate immune cells and immune-related genes as candidate reservoirs for further researches.
Akt-phosphorylated PIKE-A inhibits UNC5B-induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines in a p53-dependent manner (2011)

UNC5B acts as a tumor suppressor, and it induces apoptosis in the absence of its cognate ligand netrins. UNC5B is a direct transcriptional target of p53 upon UV stimulation. Here we show that Akt phosphorylates PIKE-A and regulates its association with UNC5B and inhibits UNC5B-provoked apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. PIKE-A GTPase binds active Akt and stimulates its kinase activity in a guanine-nucleotide-dependent way. Akt feeds back and phosphorylates PIKE-A on Ser-472 and subsequently enhances its stimulatory effect on Akt kinase activity. Akt activity is significantly reduced in PIKE -/- Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast (MEF) cells as compared to wild-type cells. PIKE-A directly interacts with UNC5B, which is regulated by netrin-1-activated Akt. Overexpression of PIKE-A diminishes UNC5B expression through down-regulation of p53. Knocking down PIKE-A stabilizes p53, increases UNC5B, and escalates UV-triggered apoptosis. Depletion of Akt abrogates PIKE-A's inhibitory effect on both p53 and UNC5B. Hence our findings support the notion that Akt--phosphorylated PIKE-A inhibits UNC5B-elicited apoptosis and reduces its expression level through inactivation of p53.