gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissection of Signaling Events Downstream of the c-Mpl Receptor in Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells Via Motif-Engineered Chimeric Receptors (2017)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a valuable resource in transplantation medicine. Cytokines are often used to culture HSCs aiming at better clinical outcomes through enhancement of HSC reconstitution capability. Roles for each signal molecule downstream of receptors in HSCs, however, remain puzzling due to complexity of the cytokine-signaling network. Engineered receptors that are non-responsive to endogenous cytokines represent an attractive tool for dissection of signaling events. We here tested a previously developed chimeric receptor (CR) system in primary murine HSCs, target cells that are indispensable for analysis of stem cell activity. Each CR contains tyrosine motifs that enable selective activation of signal molecules located downstream of the c-Mpl receptor upon stimulation by an artificial ligand. Signaling through a control CR with a wild-type c-Mpl cytoplasmic tail sufficed to enhance HSC proliferation and colony formation in cooperation with stem cell factor (SCF). Among a series of CRs, only one compatible with selective Stat5 activation showed similar positive effects. The HSCs maintained ex vivo in these environments retained long-term reconstitution ability following transplantation. This ability was also demonstrated in secondary recipients, indicating effective transmission of stem cell-supportive signals into HSCs via these artificial CRs during culture. Selective activation of Stat5 through CR ex vivo favored preservation of lymphoid potential in long-term reconstituting HSCs, but not of myeloid potential, exemplifying possible dissection of signals downstream of c-Mpl. These CR systems therefore offer a useful tool to scrutinize complex signaling pathways in HSCs.
Actionable User Intentions for Real-Time Mobile Assistant Applications. (2009)

We have developed a class of mobile applications that monitor and assist users with their tasks in time and space. The applications provide users with suggestions and reminders based on derived user intent. User intentions are derived from calendar and to-do list entries and are placed in time and space based on user context and availability for the suggested tasks, and the availability of resources in their environment that are critical to task accomplishment.
Likelihood criteria based co-channel primary transmitters localization algorithm for cognitive radio networks (2013)

Over the last decades the cognitive radio networks (CRNs) has gained the attention in order to resolve the issue of spectrum scarcity. CRN provides the capability to access the spectrum on secondary basis without creating harmful interference to the licensed (primary) users. In this process CRN often needs detect the availability of primary transmitters in order to find the access to the spectrum. In this paper, we presents a method for localization of the unknown number of co-channel primary transmitters. It uses the cooperation of spatially distributed secondary users (SUs) for measurements of the net received signal strength (RSS) at their respective locations. The proposed method first estimates the total number of co-channel primary transmitters using likelihood criteria and then it localizes the primary transmitters individually by applying clustering. K-mean clustering algorithm is applied for classifying the measurements to localize the transmitters individually. The performance of the proposed method is shown in terms of detection probability and false alarm probability.
Ultimate Behavior of Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridges (1999)

The study described here investigates the nonlinear static and ultimate behavior of a long-span cable-stayed bridge up to failure and evaluates the overall safety of the bridge. Both geometric and material nonlinearities are involved in the analysis. The geometric nonlinearities come from the cable sag effect, axial force-bending interaction effect, and large displacement effect. Material nonlinearities arise when one or more bridge elements exceed their individual elastic limits. The example bridge is a long-span cable-stayed bridge of a 605 m central span length with steel box girder and reinforced concrete towers under construction in China. Based on the limit point instability concept, the ultimate load-carrying capacity analysis is done starting from the deformed equilibrium configuration due to bridge dead loads. The effects of the steel girder hardening and the girder support conditions on the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the bridge have been studied. The results show that the geometric nonlinearity has a much smaller effect on the bridge behavior than material nonlinearity. The overall safety of a long-span cable-stayed bridge depends primarily on the material nonlinear behavior of individual bridge elements. The critical load analysis based on the bifurcation point instability concept greatly overestimated the safety factor of the bridge. The ultimate load-carrying capacity analysis and overall safety evaluation of a long-span cable-stayed bridge should be based on the limit point instability concept and must trace the load-deformation path of the bridge from applied loads to failure.
Materials in Today's World (1995)

This text is an introduction to materials for non-majors. It covers metals, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, glasses, superconductors, and fibers. There are many draw- ings and photos, but no exercises.
Evaluating Packet-level Forward Error Correction: 1-D interleaved parity codes (2012)

Packet-Level Forward Error Correction (PL-FEC) techniques are widely applied to multimedia communications. To deal with the burst loss problem in packet transmissions over networks, PL-FEC 1-D interleaved parity codes are used in Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), which uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) to transport packets. However, the codes' error correction performance, encoding rate, decoding rate and throughput have not been comprehensively evaluated recently. Besides, the width of the interleaving window is not specified in corresponding RTP; unsuitable window width may result in damaging the codes' error correction performance. In this paper, the encoding and decoding algorithms were given, and the algorithms were implemented by programming 1-D interleaved parity codes' encoder and decoder on computers, which produced high encoding and decoding rates. Gilbert and Elliott (GE) model was used for simulating the losing packets behavior. In real experiments, UDP was used for the transport of a file of H.264 encoded by 1-D interleaved parity codes' encoder. By simulative and real experiments, the codes were evaluated; the suitable window width was suggested. The codes coding are simpler than other PL-FEC codes coding. Besides, a simple comparison of the codes and Reed-Solomon (RS) codes was done; for multimedia communications, the codes are better than RS codes.
Pyrazolo [4,3-c] quinolines synthesis and specific inhibition of benzodiazepine receptor binding (Note I). (1993)

A series of 2-arylpyrazolo[4,3-c] quinolin-3-one derivatives, bearing different substituents in the two aromatic rings, were prepared and tested for their ability to displace [3H] flunitrazepam from rat brain membranes. Some compounds have shown an affinity for receptors comparable and sometimes higher than that of CGS series.
[Anemia status and its relevant factors among elderly people aged above 80 years old in longevity areas in China]. (2010)

The anemia status of oldest old people in longevity areas was severe. Higher frequency of beans and their products intake and maintaining well nutritional condition benefit for the prevention of anemia.
Designing a smart card face verification system. (2006)

This thesis describes a face verification system that is smart-card-based. The objectives were to identify the key parameters that affect the design of such a system, to investigate die general optimisation problem and test its robustness when each key parameter is optimised. Some of these parameters have been coarsely investigated in the literature in the context of the general face recognition problem. However, the previous work only partially fulfilled the requirements of a smart-card-based system, in which the severe engineering constraints and limitations imposed by smart cards have to be taken into account in the overall design process. To address these problems on the proposed fully localised architecture of the smart card face verification system (SCFVS), the work starts with the selection of the client specific linear discriminant analysis (CS-LDA) algorithm, suitable to be ported to the target platform on which the biometric process can run. Then the main functional parts of the system are presented: face image geometric alignment, photometric normalisation, feature extraction, and on-card verification. Each part consists of a series of basic steps, where the role of each step is fixed. However, the algorithm is systematically varied in some steps to investigate the effect on system performance, and system complexity in terms of speed and memory management. Two major problems have been considered. The first problem are the restrictions that both face verification and smart card technology impose and the second is the extreme complexity of the system, in terms of the number of processing stages and system design parameters. In the simplified search procedure adopted, a number of parameters has been selected out of the complete parameter set involved in a generic SCFVS. This set was recommended by previous main-frame based studies, and deemed to provide acceptable performance. System optimisation in the context of smart card implementation has been conducted starting from those parameters involved in the pre-processing stage of the system, and then those involved in the remaining stages. A joint optimisation framework of the key parameters can also be adopted, assuming that then- effect is independent. Experimental results obtained on a number of publicly available face databases (used to evaluate the system performance) show the significant benefits of this design both in terms of performance and system speed. The different results achieved on different databases indicate that optimum parameters of the system are, to a certain extent, training database dependent.
Bacterial Biofilm: Its Composition, Formation and Role in Human Infections (2015)

Biofilm is an association of micro-organisms in which microbial cells adhere to each other on a living or non-living surfaces within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance. Bacterial biofilm is infectious in nature and can results in nosocomial infections. According to National Institutes of Health (NIH) about about 65% of all microbial infections, and 80% of all chronic infections are associated with biofilms. Biofilm formation is a multi-step process starting with attachment to a surface then formation of micro-colony that leads to the formation of three dimensional structure and finally ending with maturation followed by detachment. During biofilm formation many species of bacteria are able to communicate with one another through specific mechanism called quorum sensing. It is a system of stimulus to co-ordinate different gene expression. Bacterial biofilm is less accessible to antibiotics and human immune system and thus poses a big threat to public health because of its involvement in variety of infectious diseases. A greater understanding of bacterial biofilm is required for the development of novel, effective control strategies thus resulting improvement in patient management.
Respiratory viral infections within one year after pediatric lung transplant (2009)

To characterize epidemiology and risk factors for respiratory viral infections (RVI) in pediatric lung transplant recipients within the first post-transplant year, a retrospective multicenter study of pediatric lung transplant recipients from 1988 to 2005 was conducted at 14 centers in the United States and Europe. Data were recorded for 1 year post transplant. Associations between RVI and continuous and categorical risk factors were assessed using Wilcoxon's rank-sum and chi(2) tests, respectively. Associations between time to RVI and risk factors or survival were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Of 576 subjects, 79 subjects (14%) had 101 RVI in the first year post transplant. Subjects with RVI were younger than those without RVI (median ages 9.7, 13; P<0.01). Viruses detected included adenovirus (n=25), influenza (n=9), respiratory syncytial virus (n=21), parainfluenza virus (n=19), enterovirus (n=4), and rhinovirus (n=22). In a multivariable model for time to first RVI, etiology other than cystic fibrosis (CF), younger age, and no induction therapy were independently associated with risk of RVI. Cytomegalovirus serostatus and acute rejection were not associated with RVI. RVI was independently associated with decreased 12-month survival (hazard ratio 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.6-4.4). RVI commonly occurs after pediatric lung transplantation with risk factors including younger age and non-CF diagnosis. RVI is associated with decreased 1-year survival.
Is Epigenetics an Important Link between Early Life Events and Adult Disease? (2009)

<i>Background:</i> Epigenetic mechanisms provide one potential explanation for how environmental influences in early life cause long-term changes in chronic disease susceptibility. Whereas epigenetic dysregulation is increasingly implicated in various rare developmental syndromes and cancer, the role of epigenetics in complex chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity, remains largely uncharacterized. Extensive work in animal models is required to develop specific hypotheses that can be practicably tested in humans. <i>Animal Models:</i> We have developed a mouse model showing that methyl donor supplementation prevents transgenerational amplification of obesity, suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the developmental establishment of body weight regulation. <i>Conclusions:</i> Coupling such models with recently developed epigenomic technologies should ultimately enable us to determine if epigenetics is an important link between early life events and adult disease.
PTPσ promotes retinal neurite outgrowth non-cell-autonomously (2005)

The receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP) PTPsigma controls the growth and targeting of retinal axons, both in culture and in ovo. Although the principal actions of PTPsigma have been thought to be cell-autonomous, the possibility that RPTPs related to PTPsigma also have non-cell-autonomous signaling functions during axon development has also been supported genetically. Here we report that a cell culture substrate made from purified PTPsigma ectodomains supports retinal neurite outgrowth in cell culture. We show that a receptor for PTPsigma must exist on retinal axons and that binding of PTPsigma to this receptor does not require the known, heparin binding properties of PTPsigma. The neurite-promoting potential of PTPsigma ectodomains requires a basic amino acid domain, previously demonstrated in vitro as being necessary for ligand binding by PTPsigma. Furthermore, we demonstrate that heparin and oligosaccharide derivatives as short as 8mers, can specifically block neurite outgrowth on the PTPsigma substrate, by competing for binding to this same domain. This is the first direct evidence of a non-cell-autonomous, neurite-promoting function of PTPsigma and of a potential role for heparin-related oligosaccharides in modulating neurite promotion by an RPTP.
A Low Profile Dipole Antenna Backed by a Planar EBG Structure (2006)

A low-cost smaller unit-cell planar EBG structure operating at the lower GHz frequencies (below 6 GHz) is proposed. A numerical simulation model is developed to predict the reflection phase stopband of such structures. A highly directional dipole antenna placed on top of our proposed planar EBG structure with an overall height of 0.02λ is demonstrated.
Continuous seismic profiling with matched filter detector (1962)

Abstract These experiments were made to study the application of pulse compression and continuous profiling techniques to deep-sea geophysical research. Tests were made in several areas with low- and high-frequency sources. Reflection profiles with a 125-cps source were made in the Straits of Florida. The receiving hydrophone was towed behind the ship. The hydrophone consisted of a 75-ft long array of 25 equally-spaced acceleration-balanced barium titanate elements inside an oil-filled hose. The source transmitted either a ping or a chirp coded ping. The receiver included a shift-register type of matched filter. Profiles were taken with both short pings and with chirp pings. The signal-to-noise gain of the chirping matched filter system was at least 12 db. Profiles were taken with a 400-cps source and the low frequency source in Long Island Sound to compare operations with different source frequencies. The 400-cps source did not penetrate beneath consolidated sediments whereas the low-frequency source did. The 400-cps source was used to study the reflections from the 15,500-ft deep bottom in the basin near Eleuthera, British West Indies. Reflections at sub-bottom depths of about 75, 300, and 800 ft were observed. The shallow reflector was irregular in depth and appearance.
A Novel Metrology Technique to Capture the Flying Dynamics of Air Bearing Slider with and Without Induced Contact (2006)

Characterization of slider motion induced by contact is becoming a critical aspect of developing advanced head-disc interfaces. While vertical and sway (side-to-side) motions induced by contact have been studied, very little is known about down-track motions. Moreover, we also simultaneously measure the pitch and roll of the slider during this contact event. We have employed three separate and independent Laser Doppler Vibrometers to measure slider movement in three orthogonal directions simultaneously while a Position Sensitive Detect (PSD) is used to measure the pitch and roll of the slider during the contact event. Head-disc contact resulting from writer-current induced pole tip protrusion is studied as a function of writer current and writer frequency as well as disk speed are studied. In addition, a depiction of the vertical, down-track, and off-track position changes by plotting the position of the slider in real space coordinates to help visualize more completely how the slider moves in space. These trajectories depict the periodic, elliptical path the slider takes and identify how the paths change with contact.
A secure audio teleconference system (2003)

The authors describe a secure teleconferencing system which can be operated in the public communications network. In this system, advantage is taken of the fact that clear speech must be available at each telephone set for the local participant, and this can be used with a distributed conference circuit to provide a multiparty conferencing system. The network conference control unit knows the addresses of all the participants but its role is limited to provided channel connections and demultiplexing and distributing unaltered signals from the participants. The conference unit does not need to know any security information. The system can operate with a number of security methods, and the users are free to select the techniques that they are most comfortable with. The system is suitable for implementation in digital networks such as the integrated service digital network, and can provide extremely high quality and robust operation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Vitiligo disease triggers: psychological stressors preceding the onset of disease. (2015)

Vitiligo is the loss of skin pigmentation caused by autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. Little is known about the impact of psychological stressors preceding vitiligo onset on symptoms associated with vitiligo and the extent of disease. We performed a questionnaire-based study of 1541 adults with vitiligo to evaluate the impact of psychological stressors in this patient population. Psychological stressors should be considered as potential disease triggers in vitiligo patients, and screening of vitiligo patients for psychological stressors and associated symptoms should be included in routine assessment.
An acoustically resonant system for detection of low-level infrared absorption in atmospheric pollutants (1974)

The use of acoustic detection for the measurement of infrared absorption in gases has been shown to be of value in measuring atmospheric pollutant gases. Further improvements in detection sensitivity may be achieved by the use of an acoustically resonant system and multipass optics wherein the incident laser radiation is reflected many times through the absorption sample. We have demonstrated acoustic Q's exceeding 750 and sensitivity increases of at least 10 using multipass optics. A microphone amplifier pair is described whose noise limitation approaches the thermal noise on the microphone diaphragm.
Multiple Formate Dehydrogenase Enzymes in the Facultative Methylotroph <i>Methylobacterium extorquens</i> AM1 Are Dispensable for Growth on Methanol (2003)

ABSTRACT Formate dehydrogenase has traditionally been assumed to play an essential role in energy generation during growth on C 1 compounds. However, this assumption has not yet been experimentally tested in methylotrophic bacteria. In this study, a whole-genome analysis approach was used to identify three different formate dehydrogenase systems in the facultative methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 whose expression is affected by either molybdenum or tungsten. A complete set of single, double, and triple mutants was generated, and their phenotypes were analyzed. The growth phenotypes of the mutants suggest that any one of the three formate dehydrogenases is sufficient to sustain growth of M. extorquens AM1 on formate, while surprisingly, none is required for growth on methanol or methylamine. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the fate of [ 13 C]methanol revealed that while cells of wild-type M. extorquens AM1 as well as cells of all the single and the double mutants continuously produced [ 13 C]bicarbonate and 13 CO 2 , cells of the triple mutant accumulated [ 13 C]formate instead. Further studies of the triple mutant showed that formate was not produced quantitatively and was consumed later in growth. These results demonstrated that all three formate dehydrogenase systems must be inactivated in order to disrupt the formate-oxidizing capacity of the organism but that an alternative formate-consuming capacity exists in the triple mutant.
The pathophysiology underlying repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in a novel mouse model of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (2014)

The neuropathological findings in this new model of repetitive mTBI resemble some of the histopathological hallmarks of CTE, including increased astrogliosis, microglial activation, and hyperphosphorylated tau protein accumulation.
The B to C Shopping Website Open Platform and an Associate Strategy (2012)

The development of the Internet is a process from closed door to opening-up, and has been experiencing the stages of access first, content-based, application-oriented to service-oriented. This paper first expounded the development of the Internet open platform, then analyzed the value of the B to C shopping website open platform, and finally discusses the associate strategy with merchants of the B to C shopping website after opening its platform.