gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of Geosteering to Achieve the Drilling Targets in Multilateral Fishbone Wells in Russkoye Field (2019)

Abstract The purpose of the work performed is to show the possibility of using geosteering not only for achieving geological targets but also for supporting directional drilling operations in multilateral wells. Drilling of multilateral "fishbone" design well in complex terrigenous section of Pokur suite in Russkoye field is reviewed as an example. Three kick-off operations with the use of Rotary Steerable System were carried out in an open hole when drilling a horizontal section of the well under review. The well logs of the previous hole were used for optimal selection of the kick-off point. To control the distance to the reservoir boundaries a 3 layers parameter inversion (based on azimuthal resistivity data) was used in addition to density and porosity sensors. As a result of the operations performed, the optimal conditions for kicking off with the Rotary Steerable System, were identified within the geological structure of Russkoye field. Geosteering in real time was successfully used not only for solving geological issues, but for directional drilling as well: optimal kick-off depths were selected for laterals, the trajectory was followed according to the plan; the problems related to bit deflections when the laterals exit the main productive formation were avoided. The geological targets were delivered as well: the length of the hole in the target formation totaled 98.9%.
Investigation of ion–ion-recombination at atmospheric pressure with a pulsed electron gun (2012)

For future development of simple miniaturized sensors based on pulsed atmospheric pressure ionization as known from ion mobility spectrometry, we investigated the reaction kinetics of ion-ion-recombination to establish selective ion suppression as an easy to apply separation technique for otherwise non-selective ion detectors. Therefore, the recombination rates of different positive ion species, such as protonated water clusters H(+)(H(2)O)(n) (positive reactant ions), acetone, ammonia and dimethyl-methylphosphonate ions, all recombining with negative oxygen clusters O(2)(-)(H(2)O)(n) (negative reactant ions) in a field-free reaction region, are measured and compared. For all experiments, we use a drift tube ion mobility spectrometer equipped with a non-radioactive electron gun for pulsed atmospheric pressure ionization of the analytes. Both, ionization and recombination times are controlled by the duty cycle and repetition rate of the electron emission from the electron gun. Thus, it is possible to investigate the ion loss caused by ion-ion-recombination depending on the recombination time defined as the time delay between the end of the electron emission and the ion injection into the drift tube. Furthermore, the effect of the initial total ion density in the reaction region on the ion-ion-recombination rate is investigated by varying the density of the emitted electrons.
Axialsymmetrische Lösungen der magnetohydrostatischen Gleichung mit Oberflächenströmen II (1958)

Axially symmetric magneto-hydrodynamic equilibrium configurations are considered where the plasma is contained in a torus of arbitrary cross-section and electric currents flow in the surface of the plasma only. It is shown that the magnetic field is uniquely determined by the values of the total current in azimuthal and in meridional direction respectively and by the gas pressure. A method is given to compute the location of discontinuities of the magnetic field outside of the torus. The singularities are found explicitly in the case of elliptic or circular cross-section. In the circular case only the magnetic field is regular everywhere outside except on the axis of symmetry.
Partial isolation and characterization of a new natural inhibitor of lysyl oxidase from avocado seed oil (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPartial isolation and characterization of a new natural inhibitor of lysyl oxidase from avocado seed oilM. J. Werman, S. Mokady, and I. NeemanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 12, 2164–2168Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00102a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00102a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views304Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of selenium on electrophysiological changes associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (2011)

Our previous study has demonstrated that sodium selenite prevents oxidative stress,suggesting that selenium can improve diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Results from this study demonstrated that diabetes mellitus resulted in significant increased time to peak,as well as rheobase and chronaxie values.In addition,maximum depolarization,area under compound action potential,kinetics,and conduction velocities of fast and slow nerve fiber groups were decreased.Sodium selenite exhibited positive effects on alterations of diabetes mellitus-induced conduction velocity distribution.This neuroprotective effect was primarily observed in the area under compound action potential and compound action potential kinetic waveforms,as well as rheobase and chronaxie.Results from this study showed that selenium supplementation blocked the diabetes mellitus-induced shift of actively contributing nerve fibers,and restored levels towards age-matched control group values.Chronic selenate supplementation for experimental diabetic peripheral neuropathy exhibited protective effects in measured electrophysiological parameters.
A multi‐energy‐level lattice Boltzmann model for the compressible Navier–Stokes equations (2007)

Abstract In this paper, we propose a new lattice Boltzmann model for the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. The new model is based on a three‐energy‐level and three‐speed lattice Boltzmann equation by using a method of higher moments of the equilibrium distribution functions. As the 25‐bit model, we obtained the equilibrium distribution functions and the compressible Navier–Stokes equations with the second accuracy of the truncation errors. The numerical examples show that the model can be used to simulate the shock waves, contact discontinuities and supersonic flows around circular cylinder. The numerical results are compared with those obtained by traditional method. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A theoretical study on the interaction of aromatic amino acids with graphene and single walled carbon nanotube (2009)

In this study we have investigated the interaction of phenylalanine (Phe), histidine (His), tyrosine (Tyr), and tryptophan (Tryp) molecules with graphene and single walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with an aim to understand the effect of curvature on the non-covalent interaction. The calculations are performed using density functional theory and the Moller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2) within linear combination of atomic orbitals-molecular orbital (LCAO-MO) approach. Using these methods, the equilibrium configurations of these complexes were found to be very similar, i.e., the aromatic rings of the amino acids prefer to orient in parallel with respect to the plane of the substrates, which bears the signature of weak pi-pi interactions. The binding strength follows the trend: His<Phe<Tyr<Tryp. Although the qualitative trend in binding energy is almost similar between the planar graphene and rolled nanotube structure but they differ in terms of the absolute magnitude. For the nanotube, the binding strength of these molecules is found to be weaker than the graphene sheet. To get an insight about the nature of these interactions, we have calculated the polarizability of the aromatic motifs of the amino acids. Remarkably, we find excellent correlation between the polarizability and the strength of the interaction; the higher the polarizability, greater is the binding strength. Moreover, we have analyzed the electronic densities of state spectrum before and after adsorption of the amino acid moieties. The results reveal that the Fermi level of the free CNT is red-shifted by the adsorption of the amino acids and the degree of shift is consistent with the trend in polarizability of these molecules.
Saintopin, a dual inhibitor of DNA topoisomerases I and II, as a probe for drug-enzyme interactions. (1994)

Stabilization of the topoisomerase-cleavable complexes is the common initial event leading to the cytotoxicity of topoisomerase I and II (top1 and top2) inhibitors. Using saintopin (STP), a poison of both topoisomerases, we studied top1- and top2-cleavable complexes (Yamashita, Y., Kawada, S.-Z., Fujii, N., and Nakano, H. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 5838-5845). top1 and top2 sites induced in the presence of STP showed the same preferences for the base located 3' to the topoisomerase-induced DNA break (position +1): preference for G and not C. A camptothecin-resistant top1 with a mutation (Asn722-->Ser) next to the catalytic tyrosine (Tyr723) was cross-resistant to STP, suggesting that both STP and camptothecin interact with the protein near the catalytic tyrosine. These results are consistent with a dual interaction of the drug with the enzyme and the DNA and provide further evidence for the "drug-stacking" model. This model proposes that topoisomerase inhibitors bind, possibly through hydrogen bonding and/or stacking, with one of the bases flanking the DNA termini (guanine at position +1 in the case of STP) and within the enzyme catalytic pocket, most likely by stacking with the catalytic tyrosine.
Occipital Alpha and the Attributes of the “Alpha Experience” (1976)

ABSTRACT The present research was designed to study to what extent occipital alpha strength is related to five subjective dimensions that are associated with the “alpha experience.” These are (1) the degree of oculomotor processing, (2) the degree of sensory awareness, (3) the degree of body awareness, (4) the deliberateness of thought, and (5) the pleasantness of emotional state. One experimental group of 8 persons was run for each of the above five dimensions. First, while an integrated amplitude measure of occipital alpha strength was recorded, our research participants practiced two “simple awareness techniques” (without feedback) corresponding to the two poles of their group's dimension. Later they were given the task of associating their two “awareness techniques” with occipital alpha strength by means of feedback‐augmented alpha enhancement and suppression. The results showed that only the first two dimensions—the degree of oculomotor processing and the degree of sensory awareness—are significantly related to occipital alpha strength. These findings support the notion that the “alpha experience” as a whole is not intrinsically or directly associated with enhanced occipital alpha strength, and that occipital alpha strength is a direct function of only oculomotor processing.
Ferrite Process; Heavy Metal Ions Treatment System (1991)

The principle of the “Ferrite Process”, heavy metal ions treatment system, and the practically operated systems are presented. In the “Ferrite Process”, the heavy metal ions are incorporated into the lattice points of the ferrites in the course of the formation of the spinel structure by the oxidation of the Fe(II) ions. The ferrite formation reaction proceeds in two paths depending on the reaction pH; 1) the green rust path (pH 7-10), and 2) the γ-FeO(OH) path (pH 10.5-11). The mole ratio of the heavy metal ions incorporated into the lattice points to the Fetotal in the ferrites depends on the reaction pH and the mol ratio of the heavy metal ions in the reaction solution and to the Fe(II) ions added to the reaction solution. Ferrite Process is now practically adopted to the treatment of the laboratory waste waters at the universities and the institutes in Japan, to the treatment of the plating waste waters, and to the treatment of branching mine drainage waters. Since the ferrite sludge has a strong magnetic property, it is reused as a useful magnetic material.
Radiation and Scattering of Waves (1994)

This world-renowned classic by Professors Felsen and Marcuvitz continues to abound in timely and useful materialover 20 years after it was originally published. The book contains indispensable information that remains difficult to find anywhere else in the electromagnetics and acoustics literature, and it will be useful for many years to come. Of particular interest is Chapter 4, Asymptotic Evaluation of Integrals, which is appreciated and cited worldwide. It contains an in-depth description of asymptotic techniques and formulas useful to both engineers and physicists
High-Glucose-Induced Endothelial Cell Injury Is Inhibited by a Peptide Derived from Human Apolipoprotein E (2012)

Although the importance of human apolipoprotein E (apoE) in vascular diseases has clearly been established, most of the research on apoE has focused on its role in cholesterol metabolism. In view of the observation that apoE and its functional domains impact extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, we hypothesized that apoE could also confer protection against ECM degradation by mechanisms independent of its role in cholesterol and lipoprotein transport. The ECM degrading enzyme, heparanase, is secreted by cells as pro-heparanase that is internalized through low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) to become enzymatically active. Both apoE and pro-heparanase bind the LRP-1. We further hypothesized that an apoE mimetic peptide (apoEdp) would inhibit the production of active heparanase by blocking LRP-1-mediated uptake of pro-heparanase and thereby decrease degradation of the ECM. To test this hypothesis, we induced the expression of heparanase by incubating human retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) with high glucose (30 mM) for 72 hours. We found that elevated expression of heparanase by high glucose was associated with increased shedding of heparan sulfate (ΔHS) and the tight junction protein occludin. Treatment of hRECs with 100 µM apoEdp in the presence of high glucose significantly reduced the expression of heparanase, shedding of ΔHS, and loss of occludin as detected by Western blot analysis. Either eye drop treatment of 1% apoEdp topically 4 times a day for 14 consecutive days or intraperitoneal injection (40 mg/kg) of apoEdp daily for 14 consecutive days in an in vivo mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes inhibited the loss of tight junction proteins occludin and zona occludin- 1 (ZO-1). These findings imply a functional relationship between apoE and endothelial cell matrix because the deregulation of these molecules can be inhibited by a short peptide derived from the receptor-binding region of apoE. Thus, strategies targeting ECM-degrading enzymes could be therapeutically beneficial for treating diabetic retinopathy.
Inductive enhancement of aryl participation (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInductive enhancement of aryl participationJoseph B. Lambert, H. Wayne Mark, and Elaine Stedman MagyarCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 9, 3059–3067Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00451a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views508Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Homeostasis, Thymic Hormones and Aging (1999)

The thymic-pituitary axis constitutes a bidirectional circuit where the ascending feedback loop is effected by thymic factors of epithelial origin. The aim of the present article is, first, to introduce the idea of an immune-neuroendocrine homeostatic network in higher animals. Next, the relevance of the thymus in this network and the possible role of this gland in the neuroendocrine imbalances associated with aging are discussed. A number of studies are next reviewed which show that the endocrine thymus produces several bioactive molecules, generally called thymic hormones, which in addition to possessing immunoregulatory properties are also active on nervous and endocrine circuits. In particular, the reported activities of thymosin fraction five, thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 on beta-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, glucocorticoids, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and luteinizing hormone secretion in different animal and cell models are reviewed. The known hypophysiotropic actions of other thymic hormones like thymulin, homeostatic thymus hormone and thymus factor are also summarized, and the impact of aging on pituitary responsiveness to thymic hormones is discussed. As a conclusion, it is proposed that in addition to its central role in the regulation of the immune function, the thymus gland may extend its influence to nonimmunologic components of the body, including the neuroendocrine system. The early onset of thymus involution might, therefore, act as a triggering event which would initiate the gradual decline in homeostatic potential that characterizes the aging process.
A structural smoothing framework for Robust graph-comparison (2015)

In this paper, we propose a general smoothing framework for graph kernels by taking structural similarity into account, and apply it to derive smoothed variants of popular graph kernels. Our framework is inspired by state-of-the-art smoothing techniques used in natural language processing (NLP). However, unlike NLP applications that primarily deal with strings, we show how one can apply smoothing to a richer class of inter-dependent sub-structures that naturally arise in graphs. Moreover, we discuss extensions of the Pitman-Yor process that can be adapted to smooth structured objects, thereby leading to novel graph kernels. Our kernels are able to tackle the diagonal dominance problem while respecting the structural similarity between features. Experimental evaluation shows that not only our kernels achieve statistically significant improvements over the unsmoothed variants, but also outperform several other graph kernels in the literature. Our kernels are competitive in terms of runtime, and offer a viable option for practitioners.
Molybdate-Based Conversion Coatings for Aluminum Alloys Part II: Coating Chemistry (2013)

In order to prevent the corrosion of aluminum alloys, a chromate conversion coating (CCC) is applied to the surface. However, chromate is a carcinogen and substitutes are being studied for its replacement. In part I of this study, the authors described the development of an environmentally friendly and corrosion protective molybdate conversion coating (MoCC) for aluminum alloy AA2024-T6. In this part, MoCC is characterized and a structure is proposed. Multiple techniques were used to characterize the coating chemistry. Raman and Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopies showed the formation of a molybdate based conversion coating on the aluminum alloy surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed the coating to be composed of multiple molybdenum based species: MoO 2 , Mo 2 O 5 , MoO 4 2- and MoO 3 . Further, MoCC was determined to consist of two layers; the surface layer was composed predominantly of oxidized Mo(VI) whereas the inner layer mostly consisted of reduced Mo(IV) and Mo(V) species.
Glyme−Lithium Salt Phase Behavior (2006)

Phase diagrams are reported for glyme mixtures with simple lithium salts. The glymes studied include monoglyme (DME), diglyme, triglyme, and tetraglyme. The lithium salts include LiBETI, LiAsF6, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiCF3SO3, LiBr, LiNO3, and LiCF3CO2. The phase diagrams clearly illustrate how solvate formation and thermophysical properties are dictated by the ionic association strength of the salt (i.e., the properties of the anions) and chain length of the solvating molecules. This information provides critical predictive capabilities for solvate formation and ionic interactions common in organometallic reagents and battery electrolytes.
Development of mechanical stress in fluoride multilayers for UV applications (2004)

Since excimer laser applications extend to deep and vacuum UV wavelengths at 193 nm and 157 nm, renewed research interest has recently arisen on fluoride thin films due to their unrivaled position as wide-band-gap material for the vacuum UV (VUV). In order to evaluate the development of mechanical stress in all dielectric fluoride mirrors which causes difficulties to grow the layer stacks on fused silica substrates with a sufficient large number of quarter-wave pairs of a low (L) and of a high index (H) fluoride material, a systematic study was performed on evaporated quarter-wave stacks of LaF<sub>3</sub>/MgF<sub>2</sub> and LaF<sub>3</sub>/AlF<sub>3</sub> with a growing number of LH-pairs. The samples deposited onto fused silica and silicon substrates by a low-loss evaporation technology in a BAK 640 coating plant were investigated by means of complex ex - situ mechanical stress analysis including temperature dependence of stress, optical measurements, infrared measurements, evaluation of structural and morphological parameters by AFM and XRD. When deposited at high substrate temperature of about 300°C, the LaF<sub>3</sub>/MgF<sub>2</sub> tends show high tensile stress due to the thermal stress component arise from the large thermal expansion coefficient difference between the substrate and the film materials resulting in micro crack formation already starting after deposition of about 10 layer pairs. LaF<sub>3</sub>/AlF<sub>3</sub> appear to have a larger crack resistance due to lower stress which can be correlated to the higher water content in these kind of stacks. By adjusting the deposition temperature, mirror stacks with high reflectance at 193nm can be grown.