gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simple model of a piano soundboard (1997)

The vibrational properties of a simple finite-element model of a piano soundboard are considered. The main focus is on the behavior of the mechanical impedance in the musically important frequency range ∼50–104 Hz. The model includes the effects of elastic anisotropy and the ribs. It is argued that the ribs are an essential ingredient for producing the behavior of the impedance which is observed experimentally.
Association between thyroid microsomal antibodies of subclass IgG-1 and hypothyroidism in autoimmune postpartum thyroiditis. (1986)

The potential role of thyroid microsomal (Mic) antibodies in the development of postpartum hypothyroidism was investigated in 34 euthyroid women, whose sera were found to contain Mic antibodies in pregnancy. Additional serum samples were obtained 2. 5 and 10-12 months after delivery and analysed for IgG class and IgG subclass levels of Mic antibodies by ELISA techniques. Characteristically, Mic antibodies decreased from early pregnancy to 2 months postpartum, increased two-fold 5 months postpartum and had returned 10-12 months postpartum to the early pregnancy level. Mic antibodies were predominantly subclass IgG-1 or IgG-4 with only minor contributions from IgG-2 and IgG-3. In each individual the percentage contribution made by each IgG subclass to Mic antibody was essentially similar in early pregnancy and the postpartum period despite changes in total IgG class Mic antibody. During the year following delivery, thyrotoxicosis alone (Graves' disease) developed in 5 women. In the remaining 29 patients the absolute levels of Mic antibodies of IgG-4 subclass were similar 5 months postpartum in women with maximal serum thyrotropin (TSH) greater than 20 mU/1 (mean optical density in ELISA +/- s.d.; 0.84 +/- 0.538; n = 13) and in women with maximal TSH less than 10 mU/l (0.69 +/- 0.457; n = 16). In contrast, significantly higher values were observed for Mic antibody of IgG-1 subclass in patients with TSH greater than 20 mU/l (1.14 +/- 0.440) compared with women with maximal TSH less than 10 mU/l (0.65 +/- 0.289) (P less than 0.001 by t-test for groups). These results imply that the magnitude of Mic antibody levels of subclass IgG-1 but not IgG-4 is associated with the development of postpartum hypothyroidism and possibly with tissue destruction in autoimmune thyroid disease in general.
Physically routing robots in a multi-robot network: Flexibility through a three-dimensional matching graph (2013)

Many multi-robot scenarios involve navigation of a set of networked robots through a constrained environment to achieve coverage, maintain a predefined shape, sense at predefined locations, or to satisfy some other distance-defined property. When new robots and tasks are added to a network of already deployed interchangeable robots, a trade-off arises in seeking to minimize cost to execute the tasks and the level of disruption to the system. This paper examines a navigation-oriented variant of this problem in which robots are physically routed through an existing network. We propose a parametrizable method to tune emphasis between minimizing global travel cost (or energy, or distance), minimizing interruption (i.e. obtaining the fewest number of robot reassignments), reducing travel distance per robot, and completing all operations as soon as possible. Since these are related optimization criteria, a single parameter provides sufficient flexibility to balance between them. Paths through the network are computed via a task-allocation formulation in which destination locations of newly deployed robots are added as tasks to an existing allocation. We adapt the graph matching variant of the Hungarian Algorithm—originally designed to solve the optimal assignment problem in complete bipartite graphs—to construct routing paths in sparse networks. We do this by constructing a three-dimensional graph that incorporates logical aspects of the Hungarian bipartite graph, and spatial elements of the Euclidean graph. The approach has several useful features including being particularly effective at generating multiple simultaneous, non-interfering paths. When new agent–task pairs are inserted, the assignment is globally reallocated in an incremental fashion so that it requires only linear time when the robots’ traversal options have bounded degree. The algorithm is studied systematically in simulation and also validated with physical robots.
El usuario como receptor emisor de la comunicación corporativa: haciendo historia (2020)

espanolEl desarrollo de la narrativa transmedia se ha constituido como un fenomeno expansivo de aplicacion a una gran diversidad de campos. Entre ellos, podemos situar al mundo del marketing y, concretamente, la comunicacion corporativa, en la que se esta generalizando un fenomeno transmediatico. De esta manera, ya no se trata de que los usuarios no se limiten a recibir pasivamente los mensajes de las marcas, ni siquiera que opinen, valoren o compartan su experiencia como consumidores, sino que actualmente los propios usuarios participan del proceso de creacion, expansion y consolidacion de las marcas. Asi, desde los departamentos de Marketing de las empresas, se ha pasado de un control ferreo de la imagen corporativa a favorecer la involucracion de los usuarios en la politica de comunicacion de la misma. Actualmente, los consumidores tienen la capacidad de expandir e incluso transformar el discurso de las marcas, con ejemplos internacionales como Old Spice o Airbnb o de estrategias a nivel nacional con ejemplos como Ikea o Amstel, experimentando con iconografia y narrativas. Es, precisamente, en los margenes de actuacion de los consumidores permitidos por las marcas donde hoy se contempla la mayor complejidad en este tema. ?Existe una verdadera conciencia transmediatica en las corporaciones o estan impostando esta en pro de una tendencia imperante? ?Este tipo de desarrollos estan trayendo ventajas a nivel resultados? ?De verdad se esta produciendo una cocreacion entre marca y usuarios? ?Hasta donde estan permitiendo las marcas que se experimente con ellas? EnglishThe development of transmedia narratives has become an expansive phenomenon of application to a great diversity of fields. Among them, we identifye the world of marketing and, specifically, corporate communication, in which a transmediatic phenomenon is becoming widespread. Right now, it is no longer a matter of users passively receiving the brand messages, not even expressing their opinions, valuing or sharing their experience as users; nowadays users themselves participate in the process of creation, expansion and consolidation of brands. Thus, from the Marketing departments within companies, the trend is to stop the tight control of the corporate image to open and favoring the participation of users in communication policies. Currently, users have the capacity to expand and even transform brand discourse, with international examples such as Old Spice or Airbnb or national strategies with examples such as Ikea or Amstel, experimenting with iconography and narratives. It is precisely in the margins of action of the consumers allowed by the brands where today we contemplate the greatest complexity in this matter. Is there a true transmedia awareness in corporations or are they imposing this in favor of a prevailing trend? Are these types of developments bringing results-level advantages? Is there really a co-creation between brands and users? To what extent are brands allowing for experimentation?
Counting the trees - a statistics activity (2005)

This activity is designed to give students the opportunity to get some experience with ideas of random sampling and statistical inference in a context that is interesting and easy to understand. The worksheet (given on the following page) is self-explanatory and can be completed within a typical 35-minute block of class time, including some discussion of the results.
Effect of Sodium Cation on Metallacycle β‐Hydride Elimination in CO<sub>2</sub>–Ethylene Coupling to Acrylates (2014)

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide and olefins into acrylates has been a long standing target, because society attempts to synthesize commodity chemicals in a more economical and sustainable fashion. Although nickel complexes have been known to successfully couple CO2 and ethylene for decades, a key β-hydride elimination step has proven a major obstacle to the development of a catalytic process. Recent studies have shown that Lewis acid additives can be used to create a lower-energy pathway for β-hydride elimination and facilitate a low number of catalytic turnovers. However, the exact manner, in which the Lewis acid promotes β-hydride elimination remains to be elucidated. Herein, we describe the kinetic and thermodynamic role that commercially relevant and weakly Lewis acidic sodium salts play in promoting β-hydride elimination from nickelalactones synthesized from CO2 and ethylene. This process is compared to a non-Lewis acid promoted pathway, and DFT calculations were used to identify differences between the two systems. The sodium-free isomerization reaction gave a rare CO2 -derived β-nickelalactone complex, which was structurally characterized.
A HPTLC densitometric determination of flavonoids from <i>Passiﬂora alata</i> , <i>P. edulis</i> , <i>P. incarnata</i> and <i>P. caerulea</i> and comparison with HPLC method (2004)

A high-performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed in order to determine quantitatively the flavonoids in leaves of Passiflora alata, P. edulis, P. caerulea and P. incarnata. The content of orientin and isoorientin was determined, and the results were compared with those obtained using a quantitative HPLC-UV method. The latter employed rutin as standard and was developed to analyse flavonoid content from Passiflora leaves for the purpose of ensuring the quality of Passiflora phytomedicines. The results obtained using the two methods indicate that there are qualitative and quantitative differences in the flavonoids of the reference Passiflora species studied. The two methods were also employed to analyse commercial samples to illustrate their application in qualitative ('fingerprint') and quantitative determination, demonstrating their feasibility in the quality control of flavonoids from crude Passiflora drugs and phytomedicines. The HPLC conditions used are also suitable for the quantitative analysis of aqueous extracts (Passiflora infusions).
Interference due to pain following spinal cord injury: important predictors and impact on quality of life (2002)

Two studies were designed to examine important predictors of pain following spinal cord injury (SCI), and the impact of pain on self-reported quality of life (QOL). Pain was defined as "interference in day-to-day activities secondary to pain". In order to determine risk factors associated with the development of pain interference, Study 1 examined the predictive validity of multiple demographic, medical, and QOL variables at year 1 post-SCI to self-reported pain interference 2 years post-injury. Results showed that middle age (30-59-year-olds), lower self-reported mental health, and pain interference at 1 year post-SCI were the most important unique predictors of pain interference 2 years post-SCI. In Study 2, participants were separated into four groups; (1) those pain-free at years 1 and 2, (2) those pain-free at year 1 and in pain at year 2, (3) those in pain at year 1 and pain-free at year 2, and (4) those in pain at years 1 and 2. Results showed that only those experiencing a change in pain interference status reported a change in QOL. More specifically, those developing pain interference (group 2) from year 1 to year 2 reported decreased life satisfaction, physical health, and mental health, whereas, those with resolving pain interference from year 1 to year 2 reported an increase in these same domains. Unexpectedly, change in pain interference status was unrelated to change in self-reported handicap. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Identifying the Culprits Behind Network Congestion (2015)

Network congestion is one of the primary causes of performance degradation, performance variability and poor scaling in communication-heavy parallel applications. However, the causes and mechanisms of network congestion on modern interconnection networks are not well understood. We need new approaches to analyze, model and predict this critical behaviour in order to improve the performance of large-scale parallel applications. This paper applies supervised learning algorithms, such as forests of extremely randomized trees and gradient boosted regression trees, to perform regression analysis on communication data and application execution time. Using data derived from multiple executions, we create models to predict the execution time of communication-heavy parallel applications. This analysis also identifies the features and associated hardware components that have the most impact on network congestion and intern, on execution time. The ideas presented in this paper have wide applicability: predicting the execution time on a different number of nodes, or different input datasets, or even for an unknown code, identifying the best configuration parameters for an application, and finding the root causes of network congestion on different architectures.
Carcinoma of the colon: detection and preoperative staging by CT (1988)

This report analyzes the detection rate and role of CT in the preoperative evaluation of 90 consecutive, proved cases of colon carcinoma. In this study, the overall detection rate was 84%; however, the rate varied from 68% in unprepared colons to 95% in clean colons that were adequately distended with air. Sensitivity of detection depends mainly on the size of the lesion and the quality of the examination. CT was less sensitive than barium enema in detection, but it had a similar specificity in differentiating neoplastic lesions from inflammatory lesions. On the basis of our criteria of staging, CT evaluation resulted in a sensitivity of 55% for local invasion, 73% for regional nodes, and 79% for liver metastases. Compared with Dukes classification, CT correctly staged 64% of all patients but showed significant variations in staging different groups with lower results in the Dukes A, B, and C patients. CT, however, showed a sensitivity of 81% and a positive predictive value of 100% in detecting Dukes D lesions. In general, although negative CT findings do not help in staging a colonic tumor, positive findings are highly indicative of neoplastic spread. We believe that this feature justifies the use of CT in the preoperative evaluation of colonic tumors.
Wall layer eruptions in turbulent flows (1990)

The near-wall region of a turbulent flow is investigated in the limit of large Reynolds numbers. When low-speed streaks are present, the governing equations are shown to be of the boundary-layer type. Physical processes leading to local breakdown and a strong interaction with the outer region are considered. It is argued that convected vortices, predominantly of the hairpin type, will provoke eruptions and regenerative interactions with the outer region.
A Readout Scheme Providing High Spatial Resolution for Distributed Fluorescent Sensors on Optical Fibers (2001)

Optical fiber sensors using fluorescent probes distributed along the fiber cladding are of great interest for monitoring physical and chemical properties in their environment. The location of an emitting fluorophore along a fiber can be determined by measuring the time delay between a short, exciting laser pulse propagating in the fiber core and the returning fluorescence pulse. However, fluorescence lifetimes limit the spatial resolution, since a minimum separation of the fluorophores is required to resolve returning light pulses. For many applications, a closer spacing of sensor regions is desirable. We present a new method for the readout of closely packed fluorescent chemosensors located in the cladding of an optical fiber. By using a second fiber as an optical delay line, the minimum spacing between adjacent sensor regions can be well below the fluorescence lifetime limit. Since the coupling between the two fibers is evanescent, the attenuation of the excitation pulse is low, making long arrays of sensor regions feasible. This is particularly important since the one-dimensional combinatorial chemistry method developed by us allows for efficient preparation of diverse linear arrays. Detection sensitivities of 10(-7) mol/L are demonstrated, with the potential for significant improvement.
OPINION (1991)

A model is presented that describes the mechanism of human sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction. The processes of capacitation and the acrosome reaction are proposed to function in control of the activation/release of acrosomal enzyme(s) involved in sperm penetration through the zona pellucida. During capacitation, the sperm head membranes are biochemically modified, allowing the acrosome reaction to take place when the spermatozoon approaches or reaches the zona pellucida, resulting in the localized activation and release of the appropriate enzyme(s). Further, capacitation is presented as a continuing process that occurs during sperm transport through the female genital tract and is physiologically not completed until the spermatozoon reaches the oocyte (unless the spermatozoa are kept at a particular genital tract site for prolonged periods). The biochemical alterations that occur during capacitation are discussed. It is suggested that extensive modifications in the lipid bilayer structure, e.g. in the cholesterol or phospholipid content, are not part of capacitation because such changes would prematurely destabilize the membranes. Rather, such changes occur during the acrosome reaction. It is also proposed that the human sperm acrosome reaction has many similarities to the somatic cell exocytotic events which occur during the regulated pathway of secretion. One or more oocyte stimuli result in the activation of protein kinases, likely (but not necessarily) via activation of G-protein coupled receptors on the sperm plasma membrane and the formation of second messengers. The kinases phosphorylate and activate proteins, continuing the biochemical cascade that ultimately results in the acrosome reaction. The role of other enzyme systems such as those involved in ion transport, proteolysis, phospholipid metabolism (including that of arachidonic acid) and other metabolic events, is discussed. Calcium ion influx as initiator of the acrosome reaction is reconsidered. The proposed model also takes into consideration the structural events of membrane fusion.
Dielectrophoretic Trapping and Polarizability of DNA: The Role of Spatial Conformation (2010)

Dielectrophoresis is a convenient tool for controlled manipulation of DNA with numerous applications, including DNA trapping, stretching, and separation. However, the mechanisms behind the dielectrophoretic properties of DNA are still under debate, and the role of conformation has not been addressed yet. Here, we quantify dielectrophoretic effects on DNA by determining its polarizability from microfluidic single molecule trapping experiments. We systematically study different DNA configurations (linear and supercoiled, 6-164 kbp) and demonstrate that the polarizability strongly depends on the specific conformation and size of the DNA molecules. The connection to its spatial extension is established by measuring diffusion coefficients and from that the radii of gyration; details about the spatial DNA structure are obtained from atomic force microscopy images. For linear and supercoiled DNA fragments, we found a power-law scaling for the polarizabilities and the diffusion coefficients. Our results imply a scaling of the polarizability with the radius of gyration, alpha approximately Rg0.9+/-0.1 and alpha approximately Rg1.6+/-0.2 for linear and supercoiled DNA, respectively. As an application, we demonstrate the separation of DNA topoisomers based on their dielectrophoretic properties, achieving baseline resolution within 210 s. Purified DNA samples of specific configuration may be of great importance for DNA nanoassembly or future DNA vaccines.
Machine learning for information retrieval: Neural networks, symbolic learning, and genetic algorithms (1995)

Information retrieval using probabilistic techniques has attracted significant attention on the part of researchers in information and computer science over the past few decades. In the 1980s, knowledge-based techniques also made an impressive contribution to “intelligent” information retrieval and indexing. More recently, information science researchers have turned to other newer artificial-intelligence-based inductive learning techniques including neural networks, symbolic learning, and genetic algorithms. These newer techniques, which are grounded on diverse paradigms, have provided great opportunities for researchers to enhance the information processing and retrieval capabilities of current information storage and retrieval systems. In this article, we first provide an overview of these newer techniques and their use in information science research. To familiarize readers with these techniques, we present three popular methods: the connectionist Hopfield network; the symbolic ID3/ID5R; and evolution-based genetic algorithms. We discuss their knowledge representations and algorithms in the context of information retrieval. Sample implementation and testing results from our own research are also provided for each technique. We believe these techniques are promising in their ability to analyze user queries, identify users' information needs, and suggest alternatives for search. With proper user-system interactions, these methods can greatly complement the prevailing full-text, keyword-based, probabilistic, and knowledge-based techniques. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Prevention of granuloma development in the mouse by using T cell hybridoma products. (1984)

The ability of an azobenzenearsonate (ABA)-specific suppressor T cell factor, a soluble extract from first order suppressor T cells (Ts1), and suppressor molecules produced by a long-term T cell hybridoma to regulate ABA-specific granuloma formation was studied. ABA-derivatized syngeneic spleen cells (ABA-SC) administered subcutaneously induced persistent delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, detected by footpad swelling and hapten-specific granuloma formation by 72 and 96 hr after challenge with ABA-bovine serum albumin coupled to polyacrylamide beads (ABA-BSA-PAB). Soluble factors from ABA-specific Ts1 prevented DTH and granulomatous development after subcutaneous administration of ABA-SC. Moreover, the in vivo administration of a factor that is derived from a Ts1 functioning hybrid cell line induced a second set of suppressor cells (Ts2) that upon transfer to syngeneic ABA-primed mice were able to inhibit granuloma formation in the footpad, as well as in the gastrointestinal tract after challenge with ABA-BSA-PAB. These experiments demonstrate the dependence of the granulomatous reaction on T cell-mediated events, as well as the potential therapeutic efficacy of an antigen-specific suppressor T cell factor and a hybridoma T cell product in limiting antigen-specific granuloma formation in vivo.