gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein kinase Cθ, a selective upstream regulator of JNK/SAPK and IL-2 promoter activation in Jurkat T cells (1999)

The predominant expression of protein kinase C (PKC) theta in T cells (J. Biol. Chem. 1993. 268: 4997-5004), its isoenzyme-specific ability to stimulate AP-1 transcriptional activity (Mol. Cell. Biol. 1996. 16: 1842-1850) and the recent discovery of its selective and antigen-dependent colocalization with the contact region between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (Nature 1997. 385: 83-89) suggest that, among the PKC family members, PKCtheta plays a specialized role in T cell activation. By investigating the downstream effectors of PKCtheta we now demonstrate a direct and isoenzyme-specific contribution of PKCtheta to c-Jun-N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) but not extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Expression of a constitutively active (CA) form of PKCtheta (but not CA-PKCalpha, epsilon and lambda/iota) resulted in strong activation of JNK/SAPK and expression of a dominant-negative form of PKCtheta interfered with the endogenous activation signal for JNK/SAPK. Importantly, Ca2+ ionophore and CA-PKCtheta (but not CA-PKCalpha, epsilon and lambda/iota) caused synergistic activation of the IL-2 promoter. Together, these data establish that PKCtheta is required for activation of JNK/SAPK signaling leading to IL-2 promoter transcription in T lymphocytes.
[Determination of anti-oxidative activity of different fractions of Xinjiang red raspberry fruits extract]. (2009)

Raspberry could be good resource of natural antioxidant.
Characterization of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2: persistent infection of rhesus monkeys with molecularly cloned SIVmac (1988)

Infection of macaque monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is probably the best animal model currently available for studying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In this report, we describe three infectious molecular clones of SIVmac and one of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and their use in the study of cell and species specificity, animal infection, and the relationship of gene sequence to function. Replication of the cloned viruses in different cell lines varied dramatically. Some human CD4+ cell lines (HUT 78 and MT-4) supported the replication of SIVmac and HIV-2, while others (CEM and Jurkat-T) supported the replication of HIV-2 but not SIVmac. Growth of cloned virus in macaque lymphocytes in vitro was predictive of macaque infection in vivo. Macaque lymphocytes supported the replication of SIVmac239 and SIVmac251 but not SIVmac142 or HIV-2ROD. Using virus recovery and antibody response as criteria for infection, macaques that received cloned SIVmac251 and SIVmac239 became infected, while macaques receiving cloned SIVmac142 and HIV-2ROD did not become infected. Nucleotide sequences from the envelope region of all four cloned viruses demonstrated that there is considerable flexibility in the location of the translational termination (stop) signal. These infectious molecular clones will be very useful for future studies directed at the molecular basis for persistence, pathogenicity, tropism, and cell and species specificity.
Frequency, Therapy, and Prevention of Infections Associated with Large Bore Catheters (1992)

Since the introduction of large bore catheters for acute hemodialysis 30 years ago, many problems with handling, material, and contamination of these catheters existed. Nevertheless, the catheterization of the inferior and superior vena cavae with a large bore catheter has proved to be suitable as a rapid connection process for hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemoperfusion, plasmapheresis, plasmaperfusion, etc. In a retrospective study with 2,626 large bore catheters in 1,627 patients, the frequency of infections, thrombosis, bleeding, and other side effects was investigated. All complications and side effects are presented dependent upon vascular access route. In total, the complication rate was 44.2% higher in subclavian puncture than in internal jugular puncture at 23.9%. The highest complication rates in both vascular access routes were infections or septicemia; infections were observed in 22.8% of subclavian catheters versus 9.5% of internal jugular catheters. Three different catheter materials (Teflon, polyurethane, and polypropylene) were investigated with scanning electron microscopy after removal. The advantages and disadvantages of the different materials are presented.
Extraforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Cage Migration after Screw Removal: A Case Report (2013)

The use of titanium cages for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) has gained popularity because it offers the advantages of anterior column support and stabilization. However, cage migration into the spinal canal may have severe or disastrous consequences. Here, the authors report an unexpected case of posterior migration of fusion cages after screw removal in a patient that underwent PLIF 12 months previously. Removal of the offending cages through revision extraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (ELIF) with percutaneous screw fixation successfully managed this complication. As far as the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report to describe this sort of complication, and cautions that care must be taken to prevent cage migration.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Benzenethiol Adsorbed from the Gas Phase onto Silver Film over Nanosphere Surfaces: Determination of the Sticking Probability and Detection Limit Time (2009)

A chemical warfare agent (CWA) gas detector based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using robust nanostructured substrates and a portable Raman spectrometer is a promising alternative to existing modalities. A gas-dosing apparatus was constructed to simulate chemical gas exposure and provide a platform for quantitative analysis of SERS detection. As a first step toward characterizing SERS detection from the gas phase, benzenethiol (BT) has been chosen as the test analyte. SERS spectra were monitored during BT adsorption onto a silver film over a nanosphere (AgFON) substrate. The SERS detection limit time (DLt) for BT on a AgFON at 356 K is found to be 6 ppm-s (30 mg-s m(-3)) for a data acquisition time (t(acq)) of 1 s. The DLt for this kinetically controlled sensor is fundamentally determined by the low sticking probability of BT on AgFONs which is determined to be approximately 2 x 10(-5) at 356 K. The sticking probability increases with increasing temperature consistent with an adsorption activation barrier of approximately 13 kJ mol(-1). Although the DLts found in the present study for BT are in the low ppm-s, a theoretical model of SERS detection indicates DLts below 1 ppb s(-1) for t(acq)= 1 s are, in fact, achievable using existing portable Raman instrumentation and AgFON surfaces. Achieving this goal requires the sticking probability be increased 3 orders of magnitude, illuminating the importance of appropriate surface functionalization.
Espaces sémantiques et représentation du sens (2002)

Dans le modèle que nous présentons ici, on associe à chaque unité linguistique polysémique un espace sémantique, muni d'une structure géométrique et d'une distance qui respecte la notion de plus ou moins grande proximité entre ses différents sens possibles. Nous avons développé un outil, VISUSYN, qui permet de construire automatiquement l'espace sémantique associé à une unité lexicale quelconque à partir des données d'un dictionnaire électronique de synonymes.
Metabolic Profiling as a Tool for Understanding Mechanisms of Toxicity (2008)

Metabolic profiling (metabolomics/metabonomics) is the measurement in biological systems of the complement of low-molecular-weight metabolites and their intermediates that reflects the dynamic response to genetic modification and physiological, pathophysiological, and/or developmental stimuli. The measurement and interpretation of the endogenous metabolite profile from a biological sample (typically urine, serum, or biological tissue extract) have provided many opportunities to investigate the changes induced by external stimuli (e.g., drug treatment) or enhance our knowledge of inherent biological variation within subpopulations. This article will focus on the basic principles of metabolic profiling and how the tools (nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR], liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [LC-MS]) can be applied in toxicology and pathology. Metabolic profiling can complement conventional methodologies and other "omics" technologies in investigating preclinical drug development issues. Case studies will illustrate the value of metabolic profiling in improving our understanding of phospholipidosis and peroxisome proliferation. A key message will be that metabolic profiling offers huge potential to highlight biomarkers and mechanisms in support of toxicology and pathology investigations in preclinical drug development.
Copper-Free Click for PET: Rapid 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions with a Fluorine-18 Cyclooctyne (2011)

The strain-promoted click 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions involving azides and cyclooctynes for the synthesis of triazoles offer the advantage of being able to be performed in biological settings via copper-free chemistries. While strained reagents conjugated to optical dyes and radiometal conjugates have been reported, cyclooctyne reagents labeled with fluorine-18 ((18)F) and radiochemically evaluated in a copper-free click reaction have yet to be explored. This report describes the conversion of a bifunctional azadibenzocyclooctyne (ADIBO) amine to the (18)F-labeled cyclooctyne 4, the subsequent fast copper-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with alkyl azides at 37 °C (>70% radiochemical conversion in 30 min), and biological evaluations (serum stability of >95% at 2 h). These findings demonstrate the excellent reactivity of the (18)F-labeled cyclooctyne 4 with readily available azides that will allow future work focusing on rapid copper-free in vitro and in vivo click chemistries for PET imaging using (18)F-labeled cyclooctyne derivatives of ADIBO.
Methyl Silicate from Silicon and Methanol (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethyl Silicate from Silicon and MethanolEugene G. RochowCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 6, 2170–2171Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01186a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01186a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Monitoring the Home Environment Using Domestic Robot (2007)

Today, robots are no longer limited to laboratory experiments; they have found their way into our homes. Being a physical entity itself, a robot can provide the functionality a regular computer does not possess. In the AIBO Monitor project, we use a domestic robot dog as a mediator for people to remotely monitor their home environment. Several design ideas have been explored and are presented in an attempt to maximize the user awareness of the robot s interaction with the environment.
Cellular Response to Oncogenic Ras Involves Induction of the Cdk4 and Cdk6 Inhibitor p15<sup><i>INK4b</i></sup> (2000)

The cell cycle inhibitor p15(INK4b) is frequently inactivated by homozygous deletion together with p16(INK4a) and p19(ARF) in some types of tumors. Although the tumor suppressor capability of p15(INK4b) is still questioned, it has been found to be specifically inactivated by hypermethylation in hematopoietic malignancies in the absence of p16(INK4a) alterations. Here we show that, in vitro, p15(INK4b) is a strong inhibitor of cellular transformation by Ras. Surprisingly, p15(INK4b) is induced in cultured cells by oncogenic Ras to an extent similar to that of p16(INK4a), and their expression is associated with premature G(1) arrest and senescence. Ras-dependent induction of these two INK4 genes is mediated mainly by the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway. Studies with activated and dominant negative forms of Ras effectors indicate that the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway is essential for induction of both the p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) promoters, although other Ras effector pathways can collaborate, giving rise to a stronger response. Our results indicate that p15(INK4b), by itself, is able to stop cell transformation by Ras and other oncogenes such as Rgr (a new oncogene member of the Ral-GDS family, whose action is mediated through Ras). In fact, embryonic fibroblasts isolated from p15(INK4b) knockout mice are susceptible to transformation by the Ras or Rgr oncogene whereas wild-type embryonic fibroblasts are not. Similarly, p15(INK4b)-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts are more sensitive than wild-type cells to transformation by a combination of the Rgr and E1A oncogenes. The cell cycle inhibitor p15(INK4b) is therefore involved, at least in some cell types, in the tumor suppressor activity triggered after inappropriate oncogenic Ras activation in the cell.
Homogeneous metathesis of unsaturated nitriles (1981)

Unsaturated nitriles of general formula CH [[double bond, length half m-dash]] CH[CH]CN, where I ⩽⩽ 4, undergo metathesis in the presence of the catalyst system tungsten hexachloride-tetramethyltin with maximum reactivity for = 2
Parallel multipliers for Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (2009)

This paper explores the optimization of parallel multipliers for Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata. To reduce the complexity, multipliers are designed with quasi-modularity to accommodate large word sizes. The regular quasi-modular product method is used to make n times n multipliers using 4 (n/2 times n/2) modules. This may be continued with further decomposition to 16 (n/4timesn/4) modules, etc. The last two rows in Wallace or Dadda reduction trees are summed by an adder that is 3n/2 - 1 bits long to produce the final product. This design is constructed using coplanar layouts and compared with other QCA multipliers (bit-serial and array multipliers). The delay, area and complexity are compared for several different operand sizes using the QCADesigner simulator.
Melanotropin Receptors II. Synthesis and Biological Activity of α‐Melanotropin/Tobacco Mosaic Virus Disulfide Conjugates (1985)

Abstract Asymmetric disulfide conjugates of mercaptosuccinyl tobacco mosaic virus (TMV ∼ SH) with N α ‐desacetyl‐ N α ‐5‐(mercaptovaleryl)‐α‐melanotropin were prepared via the S ‐sulfoderivative of the peptide. The conjugates, TMV ∼ SS ∼ α‐MSH( n ), contained up to n = 330 disulfide‐linked peptide molecules/virion. Similarly, fluorescent conjugates, Rh( m ) ∼ TMV ∼ SS ∼ α‐MSH( n ) were prepared, containing m ≈︁ 200 rhodamine molecules linked to the virions by thiourea bridges. Such conjugates were designed to study α‐MSH receptor localization and dynamics (mainly internalization), because the carrier virions which served to enhance specific receptor binding and as fluorescent or radioactive markers may be detached from the neuropeptides at will by reduction. Reduction occurred in solution and on the cell surface, but not in the cytoplasm, thus allowing detection of internalized agonist‐receptor complexes. The conjugates were superpotent agonists for tyrosinase stimulation in Cloudman S‐91 melanoma cell cultures, but were inactive for cyclic AMP accumulation. Their rather rapid internalization and the influence of reducing agents and other agonists on their biologic activity suggest a close connection between receptor location and biologic response as well as the presence of essential receptor HS‐groups.
How to cut tire wear costs (2007)

Subtitle: Fleet managers can minimize the costs of tire wear and tear by choosing high-quality materials and performing regular maintenance.
Drug-binding properties of human <i>α</i>-foetoprotein (1985)

The drug-binding properties of human alpha-foetoprotein (alpha FP) were investigated by a fluorescence-spectral method. Human alpha FP was shown to bind to albumin's site I marker (warfarin, phenylbutazone), site II marker (L-tryptophan), but not site III marker (cholic acid, digoxin). The binding of human alpha FP towards lower alcohols was examined, and this binding seems to depend partly on the hydrophobicity of the ligands. The binding of human alpha FP is discussed in comparison with human serum albumin or rat alpha FP.
Thermal energy storage at 900/sup 0/C (1984)

This paper presents a preliminary technical and economic analysis of various concepts for sensible heat storage at a temperature of 900/sup 0/C.
.beta.-Substituted cysteines as sequestering agents for ethanol-derived acetaldehyde in vivo (1987)

A series of beta-mono- and beta,beta-disubstituted cysteines were evaluated in rats as sequestering agents for metabolically generated acetaldehyde (AcH) during the oxidation of ethanol in vivo and compared against D-(-)-penicillamine. Both threo- (5) and erythro-beta-phenyl-DL-cysteine (6) reduced ethanol-derived blood AcH by ca. 40% and 60%, respectively, whereas the corresponding beta-methyl-DL-cysteines (3 and 4) and the alpha-substituted alpha-methyl-DL-cysteine (8) had no effect. beta,beta-Tetramethylene-DL-cysteine (7), however, was as effective as D-(-)-penicillamine in sequestering AcH in vivo, reducing blood AcH after ethanol to 20% of maximal values. Thus, bulky beta-substitution or, better, beta,beta-disubstitution on cysteine is required for such activity. 14C-Labeled 2(RS),5,5-trimethylthiazolidine-4(S)-carboxylic acid (1) prepared by the condensation of D-(-)-penicillamine with [1,2-14C]acetaldehyde was found to be relatively stable in vivo, giving rise to less than 6% 14CO2 excretion in the expired air and the recovery of 65.5% of the administered dose in the urine as unchanged 1.
El mercado mediático de la belleza. Estudio de la estructura de ingresos en revistas femeninas de alta gama (2012)

La revista ICONO 14 publica trabajos científicos cuya temática aborde la comunicación bajo la perspectiva de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, y muy especialmente de las tecnologías emergentes, aplicadas a diversos campos del conocimiento, mediante investigación básica o aplicada, experimental, descriptiva o epistemológica
Detection of T cell Apoptosis after Major Operations (1999)

These results suggest that transient T cell apoptosis occurs after major operations.
Physical mechanisms of fast structure modification of glass-ceramics under CO 2 -laser action (2007)

Structure modification of glass-ceramics under laser action is a popular object of last years' research. This process has been shown to have some important peculiarities: very high rate and non-traditional kinetic. These peculiarities are explained in this paper based on thermophysical kinetic analysis and an unconventional consideration of amorphous material as a crystal deformed by vacancies (CDV).
Cardiomyopathy in muscular dystrophies (2003)

Purpose of review The association of cardiac complications in patients with muscular dystrophies has been known for a long time. However, until recently, the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of these conditions had hampered our abilities to recognize individual disease complications, especially in the rarer forms. Over the years the improved understanding of the molecular defects responsible for several of these forms has also allowed recognition of the associated cardiac complications. Recent findings There have been significant new findings regarding the understanding of the type, progression and pathogenesis of the cardiac involvement found in a number of muscular dystrophies. The natural history of cardiac involvement in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy was described in detail by different studies. Novel non-invasive techniques to assess early cardiac involvement were reported in patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies; improved understanding of the pattern and pathogenesis of cardiac involvement of sarcoglycanopathies was reported, together with the description of the cardiac involvement in forms of limb girdle muscular dystrophies secondary to abnormal glycosylation. Therapeutic intervention strategies for each individual condition were also proposed. Summary Our understanding of the incidence, type and pathogenesis of the molecular basis for cardiac involvement in different muscular dystrophies has improved significantly over the last year. This has resulted in the proposal of novel therapeutic guidelines that will help the management of patients with muscular dystrophies.
Cholesterol-tethered platinum II-based supramolecular nanoparticle increases antitumor efficacy and reduces nephrotoxicity (2012)

Nanoscale drug delivery vehicles have been harnessed extensively as carriers for cancer chemotherapeutics. However, traditional pharmaceutical approaches for nanoformulation have been a challenge with molecules that exhibit incompatible physicochemical properties, such as platinum-based chemotherapeutics. Here we propose a paradigm based on rational design of active molecules that facilitate supramolecular assembly in the nanoscale dimension. Using cisplatin as a template, we describe the synthesis of a unique platinum (II) tethered to a cholesterol backbone via a unique monocarboxylato and O→Pt coordination environment that facilitates nanoparticle assembly with a fixed ratio of phosphatidylcholine and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino (polyethylene glycol)-2000]. The nanoparticles formed exhibit lower IC(50) values compared with carboplatin or cisplatin in vitro, and are active in cisplatin-resistant conditions. Additionally, the nanoparticles exhibit significantly enhanced in vivo antitumor efficacy in murine 4T1 breast cancer and in K-Ras(LSL/+)/Pten(fl/fl) ovarian cancer models with decreased systemic- and nephro-toxicity. Our results indicate that integrating rational drug design and supramolecular nanochemistry can emerge as a powerful strategy for drug development. Furthermore, given that platinum-based chemotherapeutics form the frontline therapy for a broad range of cancers, the increased efficacy and toxicity profile indicate the constructed nanostructure could translate into a next-generation platinum-based agent in the clinics.