gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rabies virus production in non‐woven polyester fabric (NWPF) packed‐bed reactors (2001)

The production of rabies virus from baby hamster kidney-Ankara66 (BHK-An(66), HUKUK 99050302) monolayer cells was examinedin a packed-bed reactor containing non-woven polyester fabric (NWPF)discs. At first, growth characteristics of the cells were determined instatic culture. The suspension culture studies were realized in a 1litre spinner basket with NWPF support. BHK-An(66) cells(inoculation density, 5x10(4) cells.ml(-1)) were maintained in the reactor loaded with5 g.l(-1) carrier. The culture medium wasEagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% (v/v)fetal bovine serum at 37 degrees C. During the culture, the mediumwas sampled daily to assess glucose and lactate concentrations. At theend of the 7 day culture period the cell density was found to be2.2x10(7) cells.ml(-1), and thereactor was inoculated with 5 ml [1.7x10(6) focus-forming units (ffu).ml(-1)] of the CVS 11(Challenge Virus Standard) strain of rabies virus. After a 72 hincubation period, the cultures were stained with fluorescein-conjugated anti-rabies globulin and were observed using a fluorescencemicroscope. Virus titres determined by the Spearman-Kärber method were 2.2x10(5) ffu.ml(-1). In conclusion, NWPF packedreactors can be considered as a suitable system for the large-scaleproduction of rabies virus.
Pulmonary hypertension: pulmonary flow quantification and flow profile analysis with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging. (1992)

Velocity-encoded cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides two-dimensional velocity maps of a cross-sectional area of a vessel. Pulmonary flow and flow patterns in the main pulmonary artery were analyzed with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging and Doppler echocardiography in 10 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), one patient with a dilated main pulmonary artery, and 10 healthy subjects, and these findings were compared. Peak systolic velocity measured with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging was similar to that measured with Doppler echocardiography in healthy subjects and in patients with PH. Velocity-encoded cine MR imaging demonstrated substantial differences in velocity across the vascular lumen in PH. The flow pattern in healthy subjects was different than that in patients with PH; the latter had lower peak systolic velocity and greater retrograde flow after middle to late systole. The retrograde flow observed in patients with PH reflected hemodynamic events, since it was inversely proportional to pulmonary flow volume and directly proportional to pulmonary resistance and cross-sectional area of the vessel. Velocity-encoded cine MR imaging demonstrates an inhomogeneous flow profile in PH and may serve as a noninvasive method to estimate pulmonary vascular resistance.
Multichannel Double-Row Transmission Line Array for Human MR Imaging at Ultrahigh Fields (2015)

The proposed technique is particularly suitable for the design of large-sized transceive arrays with large channel counts, which ultimately benefits the imaging performance in human MRI.
Pharmacological management of posttraumatic headaches (1989)

Neurology Consultant Greenery Rehabilitation and Skilled Nursing Center Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts
Preliminary Face Recognition Grand Challenge Results (2006)

The goal of the face recognition grand challenge (FRGC) is to improve the performance of face recognition algorithms by an order of magnitude over the best results in face recognition vendor test (FRVT) 2002. The FRGC is designed to achieve this performance goal by presenting to researchers a six-experiment challenge problem along with a data corpus of 50,000 images. The data consists of 3D scans and high resolution still imagery taken under controlled and uncontrolled conditions. This paper presents preliminary results of the FRGC for all six experiments. The preliminary results indicate that significant progress has been made towards achieving the stated goals
Histone H3 Lysine 56 Acetylation: A New Twist in the Chromosome Cycle (2006)

Several recent reports have identified lysine 56 (K56) as a novel site of acetylation in yeast histone H3. K56 acetylation is predicted to disrupt some of the histone-DNA interactions at the entry and exit points of the nucleosome core particle. This modification occurs in virtually all the newly synthesised histones that are deposited into chromatin during S-phase. Cells with mutations that block K56 acetylation show increased genome instability and hypersensitivity to genotoxic agents that interfere with replication. Removal of K56 acetylation takes place in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and is dependent upon Hst3 and Hst4, two proteins that are related to the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2. In response to DNA damage checkpoint activation during S-phase, expression of Hst3/Hst4 is delayed to extend the window of opportunity in which K56 acetylation can act in the DNA damage response. The high abundance of histone H3 K56 acetylation, its regulation and strategic location in the nucleosome core particle raise a number of fascinating issues that we discuss here.
Robotic Process Automation in Audit and Accounting (2020)

Nowadays, Information Technology (IT) is part of virtually every business, and companies that cannot keep the pace with new technologies will disappear over time. Due to their nature of specific activities and exceeding other areas, professional accounting and auditing services can improve their performance through Robotic Process Automation (RPA). Furthermore, RPA can contribute to increasing the credibility of the accounting profession, as well as streamlining the activity in order to comply with the requirements imposed by professional standards but with much lower costs. This study is based on a review of the literature and through an exploratory approach opens a discussion on the concept of RPA and customises it in the field of professional accounting services by analysing robotics models specific to accounting and audit.
Temperature distributions induced in pig tissues by a water‐cooled disk electrode rf system (1984)

Thermal dosimetry is one of the most challenging and necessary aspects of therapeutic hyperthermia. Treatment optimization and assessment of efficacy of the therapy can only be achieved by a quantification of the thermal distributions in normal and malignant tissue induced by specific configurations of heat sources. Radial and axial temperature distributions induced in normal porcine tissues by a pair of disk-shaped direct contact electrodes operating at 0.5 MHz are presented in this communication. Temperature increments induced in the skin, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle tissue are correlated with the magnitude of the incident power density for various sizes of circular electrodes. The observed thermal distributions very likely relate to the heterogeneous thermal and electrical properties of these tissues.
Fracture‐frequency prediction from borehole wireline logs using artificial neural networks (1999)

Borehole‐wall imaging is currently the most reliable means of mapping discontinuities within boreholes. As these imaging techniques are expensive and thus not always included in a logging run, a method of predicting fracture frequency directly from traditional logging tool responses would be very useful and cost effective. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) show great potential in this area. ANNs are computational systems that attempt to mimic natural biological neural networks. They have the ability to recognize patterns and develop their own generalizations about a given data set. Neural networks are trained on data sets for which the solution is known and tested on data not previously seen in order to validate the network result. We show that artificial neural networks, due to their pattern recognition capabilities, are able to assess the signal strength of fracture‐related heterogeneity in a borehole log and thus fracture frequency within a borehole. A combination of wireline logs (neutron porosity, bulk density, P‐sonic, S‐sonic, deep resistivity and shallow resistivity) were used as input parameters to the ANN. Fracture frequency calculated from borehole televiewer data was used as the single output parameter. The ANN was trained using a back‐propagation algorithm with a momentum learning function. In addition to fracture frequency within a single borehole, an ANN trained on a subset of boreholes in an area could be used for prediction over the entire set of boreholes, thus allowing the lateral correlation of fracture zones.
High Reactivity of Metal–Organic Frameworks under Grinding Conditions: Parallels with Organic Molecular Materials (2010)

Interconversion made easy: Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are surprisingly reactive under grinding conditions and can perform various rearrangements (see picture). In this respect, the results reveal clear parallels between MOFs and organic molecular materials.
Performance estimation for maximum-likelihood detection for channels with transition noise (1998)

Transition noise is known to be a major cause of errors for high density magnetic recording. This noise is signal dependent and can be modeled as multiplicative noise in a linear channel model. A maximum-likelihood algorithm was considered for detection of signals in such noise. In this work, the performance of the detector, based on this algorithm, is compared to the traditional Viterbi algorithm (VA) and a modified Viterbi algorithm (MVA) by computer simulations. Results show an improvement of up to 5 dB In signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) under typical conditions with a reasonable complexity.
Coated Pit-mediated Endocytosis of the Type I Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) Receptor Depends on a Di-leucine Family Signal and Is Not Required for Signaling (2012)

The roles of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor endocytosis in signaling have been investigated in numerous studies, mainly through the use of endocytosis inhibitory treatments, yielding conflicting results. Two potential sources for these discrepancies were the pleiotropic effects of a general blockade of specific internalization pathways and the scarce information on the regulation of the endocytosis of the signal-transducing type I TGF-β receptor (TβRI). Here, we employed extracellularly tagged myc-TβRI (wild type, truncation mutants, and a series of endocytosis-defective and endocytosis-enhanced mutants) to directly investigate the relationship between TβRI endocytosis and signaling. Our findings indicate that TβRI is targeted for constitutive clathrin-mediated endocytosis via a di-leucine (Leu(180)-Ile(181)) signal and an acidic cluster motif. Using Smad-dependent transcriptional activation assays and following Smad2/3 nuclear translocation in response to TGF-β stimulation, we show that TβRI endocytosis is dispensable for TGF-β signaling and may play a role in signal termination. Alanine replacement of Leu(180)-Ile(181) led to partial constitutive activation of TβRI, resulting in part from its retention at the plasma membrane and in part from potential alterations of TβRI regulatory interactions in the vicinity of the mutated residues.
The 14-3-3 gene<i>par-5</i>is required for germline development and DNA damage response in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans.</i> (2012)

14-3-3 proteins have been extensively studied in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals and are associated with multiple roles, including fundamental processes such as the cell cycle, apoptosis and the stress response, to diseases such as cancer. In Caenorhabditis elegans, there are two 14-3-3 genes, ftt-2 and par-5. ftt-2 is expressed only in somatic lineages, whereas par-5 expression is detected in both soma and germline. During early embryonic development, par-5 is necessary to establish cell polarity. Although it is known that par-5 inactivation results in sterility, the role of this gene in germline development is poorly characterized. In the present study, we used a par-5 mutation and RNA interference to characterize par-5 functions in the germline. The lack of par-5 in germ cells caused cell cycle deregulation, the accumulation of endogenous DNA damage and genomic instability. Moreover, par-5 was required for checkpoint-induced cell cycle arrest in response to DNA-damaging agents. We propose a model in which PAR-5 regulates CDK-1 phosphorylation to prevent premature mitotic entry. This study opens a new path to investigate the mechanisms of 14-3-3 functions, which are not only essential for C. elegans development, but have also been shown to be altered in human diseases.
Simultaneous measurement of total and IgA-conjugated alpha 1-microglobulin by a combined immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay technique. (1989)

alpha 1-Microglobulin (alpha 1m), a glycoprotein (Mr = 30,000) found in serum and urine, is also present in serum conjugated to monomeric IgA (alpha 1-m-IgA). We have developed a simultaneous enzyme-linked immunoenzyme/immunoradiometric assay that involves three different monoclonal antibodies. Assay of serial dilutions of serum and urine demonstrated parallelism. Normal mean concentrations in serum (n = 75) were: total alpha 1m, 2.33 mumol/L; alpha 1m-IgA, 1.24 mumol/L; unconjugated (free) alpha 1m, 1.09 mumol/L; molar ratio (alpha 1m-IgA/total alpha 1m), 0.53. The mean concentration of alpha 1m in eight urine specimens from normal individuals was 0.19 mumol/L, with no detectable alpha 1m-IgA. A low urinary pH does not significantly affect assay results, unlike assays of beta 2-microglobulin. In patients with myeloma-related renal disease, total and free alpha 1m values for serum correlated well with values for creatinine and beta 2-microglobulin in serum.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Auditory Processing Disorders in Elderly Patients: Preliminary Results (2004)

These preliminary results suggest that the use of citalopram can have a positive impact on auditory processes in elderly patients with low performance in auditory process.
Symmetric functions for fast image retrieval with persistent homology (2018)

Persistence diagrams, combining geometry and topology for an effective shape description used in pattern recognition, have already proven to be an effective tool for shape representation with respect to a certain filtering function. Comparing the persistence diagram of a query with those of a database allows automatic classification or retrieval, but unfortunately, the standard method for comparing persistence diagrams, the bottleneck distance, has a high computational cost. A possible algebraic solution to this problem is to switch to comparisons between the complex polynomials whose roots are the cornerpoints of the persistence diagrams. This strategy allows to reduce the computational cost in a significant way, thereby making persistent homology based applications suitable for large‐scale databases. The definition of new distances in the polynomial framework poses some interesting problems, both of theoretical and practical nature. In this paper, these questions have been addressed by considering possible transformations of the half‐plane where the persistence diagrams lie onto the complex plane, and by considering a certain re‐normalisation the symmetric functions associated with the polynomial roots of the resulting transformed polynomial. The encouraging numerical results, obtained in a dermatology application test, suggest that the proposed method may even improve the achievements obtained by the standard methods using persistence diagrams and the bottleneck distance.
Biochemical Kinetics Model of DSB Repair and Induction of γ-H2AX Foci by Non-homologous End Joining (2008)

We developed a biochemical kinetics approach to describe the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) produced by low-LET radiation by modeling molecular events associated with non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). A system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations describes the induction of DSBs and activation pathways for major NHEJ components including Ku70/80, DNA-PKcs, and the ligase IV-XRCC4 heterodimer. The autophosphorylation of DNA-PKcs and subsequent induction of gamma-H2AX foci observed after ionizing radiation exposure were modeled. A two-step model of regulation of repair by DNA-PKcs was developed with an initial step allowing access of other NHEJ components to breaks and a second step limiting access to ligase IV-XRCC4. Our model assumes that the transition from the first to the second step depends on DSB complexity, with a much slower rate for complex DSBs. The model faithfully reproduced several experimental data sets, including DSB rejoining as measured by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) at 10 min postirradiation or longer and quantification of the induction of gamma-H2AX foci. A process that is independent of DNA-PKcs is required for the model to reproduce experimental data for rejoining before 10 min postirradiation. Predictions are made for the behaviors of NHEJ components at low doses and dose rates, and a steady state is found at dose rates of 0.1 Gy/h or lower.
Quantification of acute neurotoxic effects of trimethyltin using neuronal networks cultured on microelectrode arrays. (2000)

We used spontaneously active monolayer networks in vitro, cultured on thin film microelectrode arrays as experimental platforms for the determination of trimethyltin chloride (TMT) toxicity. Two different tissues of the mouse CNS (spinal cord and auditory cortex) exhibited characteristic and dose-dependent changes of their electrophysiological activity patterns after treatment with TMT, a standard neurotoxicant. Spinal cord networks began to respond to TMT at 1-2 microM and shut off activity at 4-7 microM. Auditory cortex cultures started to respond at 2-3 microM and shut off activity at 7-8 microM. Repeated applications of low doses of TMT always influenced the electrical activity in a reversible manner, with no overt cytotoxic effects. The inhibitory concentrations for a 50% reduction of activity (IC ) were 1.5+/-0.5 microM (spinal cord) and 4.3+/-0.9 microM (auditory cortex) indicating a relatively low interculture variability within one tissue type. The non-overlapping IC50 range for cortical and spinal cord cultures may suggest tissue specificity for network responses to TMT. Shut-off concentrations were found to be within a factor of two of the lethal concentrations reported for mice in vivo. Action potential amplitude and shape did not change even when complete cessation of activity was approached, suggesting that acute TMT applications did not affect neuronal metabolism that would lead to a lowering of membrane potentials. Our results suggest that spontaneously active monolayer networks in vitro are suitable for toxicological investigations since network activity can be influenced in a dose-dependent manner. These properties allow the development of neurotoxicity biosensors based on physiological responses of spontaneously active networks.
Appearance of submicronic particles in the milk fat globule size distribution upon mechanical treatments (2002)

In this study, we show the appearance of particles with a diameter smaller than 400 nm in the fat globule size distribution of mechanically damaged raw milks, measured by Laser Light Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering. These submicronic particles appeared upon homogenization above 3 MPa, upon ultrasonication, and upon pumping coupled with shear greater than 50 10 3 s -1 . They were sometimes observed in raw milk received from the dairy plant. This may indicate bad handling or pumping, and caused the milk fat globule specific surface area to increase dramatically. Ultracentrifugal fractionation of homogenized milks revealed the presence of particles of around 100 and 400 nm that floated and sinking particles of 200-300 nm. The thickness of their surrounding layer, affected by urea treatment, was different. Hypotheses about the nature of the particles are given. The knowledge of such submicronic particles in mechanically damaged milk can bring new insights in the understanding of interactions between fat and the protein network in dairy products such as gels. milk fat globule / particle size distribution / laser light scattering / homogenization / shear stress / mechanical treatment / casein micelle Rsum -Apparition de particules submicroniques dans la distribution de taille de globules gras du lait soumis des traitements mcaniques. Dans cette tude, nous montrons par granulomtrie laser l'apparition de particules de diamtre infrieur 400 nm dans la distribution de taille des globules gras de laits crus qui ont t endommags mcaniquement. Ces particules submicroniques apparaissent lors d'une homognisation suprieure 3 MPa, d'une exposition aux ultrasons et lors d'un pompage coupl un cisaillement suprieur 50 10 3 s -1 . Elles apparaissent aussi parfois dans du lait cru de grand mlange reu d'une laiterie industrielle : cela peut indiquer que le lait a subi des pompages et un transport indadapts et entrane une augmentation importante de la surface spcifique des globules gras du lait. Un fractionnement par ultracentrifugations de laits homogniss montre l'existence de particules autour de 100 et 400 nm qui crment et des particules de 200-300 nm qui
The polymerase chain reaction: a revolutionary new procedure for the laboratory diagnosis of infectious disease. (1996)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary new means of amplifying, ie, replicating, selected DNA sequences in vitro. This procedure is rapid, requiring approximately 5 hours for completion, and exquisitely sensitive. Studies have shown that as few as one microorganism can be detected. Thus, it has the potential for revolutionizing the diagnosis of infections. Because of its expense, its immediate role will probably be restricted to infections where the causative organism cannot be cultured or is difficult to detect by conventional means. As further progress occurs, however, this technique may well become a major new tool for diagnosing infections.
360° Surround View System with Parking Guidance (2014)

In this paper, we present a real-time 360 degree surround system with parking aid feature, which is a very convenient parking and blind spot aid system. In the proposed system, there are four fisheye cameras mounted around a vehicle to cover the whole surrounding area. After correcting the distortion of four fisheye images and registering all images on a planar surface, a flexible stitching method was developed to smooth the seam of adjacent images away to generate a high-quality result. In the post-process step, a unique brightness balance algorithm was proposed to compensate the exposure difference as the images are not captured with the same exposure condition. In addition, a unique parking guidance feature is applied on the surround view scene by utilizing steering wheel angle information as well as vehicle speed information.