gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Time, Within Budget: Software Project Management Practices and Techniques (1992)

From the Publisher:
A developer's survival guide packed with tips, tricks, and best practices for getting software projects in on time and within budget
While there are plenty of books offering to teach the principles of good software project management, virtually none provide developers with the expert, down-in-the-trenches tips, tricks, and proven strategies they will find in On Time, Within Budget. Author E. M. Bennatan steers clear of theory to zero in on proven methods for avoiding bottlenecks and overruns at every step in the development cycle--from cost estimating to product delivery. Readers learn to prepare estimates and contract bids, write winning presentations, schedule tasks, and much more. This new edition of the bestselling guide contains substantial revisions and additions, including coverage of recent advances in software engineering and prototyping; web development project management, risk and security management, the pros and cons of acquiring custom software from outside suppliers, managing multinational projects, and a variety of timely legal issues.
A developers survival guide packed with real-life case 
studies, tips, techniques, and best practices for completing software projects on time and within budget
Whether you work at a large or small company, this book will provide you with expert, down-in-the-trenches tips, techniques, and strategies to deliver a software project in a cost-effective and timely way. Real-life case studies let you learn from the mistakes as well as the successes of others. Author E. M. Bennatan zeroes in on proven methods for avoiding bottlenecks and overruns at every step in the software development cyclefrom cost estimating toproduct delivery. 
The Third Edition of this bestselling guide routes you directly to what you need to know about: * Managing both small and large projects in a distributed environment * Common development problems and how to avoid them * Preparing estimates and proposals and bidding for contracts * Managing teams for maximum quality and productivity * Proven scheduling and project development planning techniques
New to this edition: * How best to ensure an effective relationship with customers * Risk management and disaster prevention * The pros and cons of acquiring custom software from outside suppliers * Managing multinational projects * How to save time by reusing software components
Structural Characterization of a <i>p</i>-Acetylphenylalanyl Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase (2005)

It has been recently shown that orthogonal tRNA/aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase pairs can be evolved to allow genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here we describe the crystal structure of an evolved aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that charges the unnatural amino acid p-acetylphenylalanine. Molecular recognition is due to altered hydrogen bonding and packing interactions with bound substrate that result from changes in both side-chain and backbone conformation.
Cannabinoid Receptors as Therapeutic Targets (2006)

The cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 are family A, G-protein Coupled Receptors that mediate the effects of cannabinoids, a class of compounds that are so named because the first members were isolates of the cannabis plant. In recent history, there has been much anecdotal evidence that the potent and diverse physiological responses produced by these compounds can be turned to therapeutic benefit for a wide variety of maladies. The remarkable abundance of cannabinoid receptors and the discovery of several endogenous ligands along with enzyme and transporter proteins for which they are substrates, suggests that an endogenous cannabinoid neuromodulatory system is an important mediator of biological function. For these reasons CB1 and CB2 receptors are attractive targets for the design of therapeutic ligands. The action of these receptors, however, may also be modulated by manipulating the enzymes and membrane transporters that regulate the endogenous ligands. Despite the range of physiological processes and activities that are mediated by cannabinoid receptors, it is clear that it is possible to produce ligands that result in differential responses. In this paper, we review the pharmacophoric elements that lead to these differential responses and in order to discuss them in context we present an overview of structural aspects governing cannabinoid receptor function, the cannabinergic system and its physiological functions.
Protection of Nomex from Ultraviolet Degradation (1977)

Abstract : A stabilizer system has been developed for Nomex fabrics and webbing to reduce UV degradation. Treated fabric samples retain greater than 75% of the initial tensile strength after 150 hours exposure to the Sunshine Arc Fade- Ometer compared to less than 50% retention for untreated samples. The treatment system contains Blancophor AW, Tinuvin P, and oxanilide and may be applied to fabrics from an aqueous emulsion at 265 F by means of an acetophenone based carrier.
Light trees: optical multicasting for improved performance in wavelength routed networks (1999)

We introduce the concept of a light-tree in a wavelength-routed optical network. A light-tree is a point-to-multipoint generalization of a lightpath. A lightpath is a point-to-point all-optical wavelength channel connecting a transmitter at a source node to a receiver at a destination node. Lightpath communication can significantly reduce the number of hops (or lightpaths) a packet has to traverse; and this reduction can, in turn, significantly improve the network's throughput. We extend the lightpath concept by incorporating an optical multicasting capability at the routing nodes in order to increase the logical connectivity of the network and further decrease its hop distance. We refer to such a point-to-multipoint extension as a light-tree. Light-trees can not only provide improved performance for unicast traffic, but they naturally can better support multicast traffic and broadcast traffic. In this study, we shall concentrate on the application and advantages of light-trees to unicast and broadcast traffic. We formulate the light-tree-based virtual topology design problem as an optimization problem with one of two possible objective functions: for a given traffic matrix, (i) minimize the network-wide average packet hop distance, or (ii) minimize the total number of transceivers in the network. We demonstrate that an optimum light-tree-based virtual topology has clear advantages over an optimum lightpath-based virtual topology with respect to the above two objectives.
Performance of trellis-coded 16-state differentially encoded APSK on Rayleigh fading channel (2002)

We propose trellis-coded 16-state differentially encoded amplitude/phase shift keying (TC-16DAPSK) for differential detection and the effects of the Doppler frequency and the size of symbol interleaver on the BER performance of TC-16DAPSK on Rayleigh fading channel are considered by computer simulation. It is shown that the proposed TC-16DAPSK can improve the BER performance degraded by Rayleigh fading and that it is superior to uncoded 8DPSK on Rayleigh fading channel.
Low-pressure, high-temperature thermal bonding of polymeric microfluidic devices and their applications for electrophoretic separation (2006)

A new method for thermally bonding poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates has been demonstrated. PMMA substrates are first engraved by CO2-laser micromachining to form microchannels. Both channel width and depth can be adjusted by varying the laser power and scanning speed. Channel depths from 50 µm to 1500 µm and widths from 150 µm to 400 µm are attained. CO2 laser is also used for drilling and dicing of the PMMA parts. Considering the thermal properties of PMMA, a novel thermal bonding process with high temperature and low bonding pressure has been developed for assembling PMMA sheets. A high bonding strength of 2.15 MPa is achieved. Subsequent inspection of the cross sections of several microdevices reveals that the dimensions of the channels are well preserved during the bonding process. Electroosmotic mobility of the ablated channel is measured to be 2.47 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. The functionality of these thermally bonded microfluidic substrates is demonstrated by performing rapid and high-resolution electrophoretic separations of mixture of fluorescein and carboxyfluorescein as well as double-stranded DNA ladders (ΦX174-Hae III dsDNA digest). The performance of the CO2 laser ablated and thermally bonded PMMA devices compares favorably with those fabricated by other professional means.
In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activities of a Novel Glycylcycline, the 9- <i>t</i> -Butylglycylamido Derivative of Minocycline (GAR-936) (1999)

The 9-t-butylglycylamido derivative of minocycline (TBG-MINO) is a recently synthesized member of a novel group of antibiotics, the glycylcyclines. This new derivative, like the first glycylcyclines, the N,N-dimethylglycylamido derivative of minocycline and 6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline, possesses activity against bacterial isolates containing the two major determinants responsible for tetracycline resistance: ribosomal protection and active efflux. The in vitro activities of TBG-MINO and the comparative agents were evaluated against strains with characterized tetracycline resistance as well as a spectrum of recent clinical aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. TBG-MINO, with an MIC range of 0.25 to 0.5 microgram/ml, showed good activity against strains expressing tet(M) (ribosomal protection), tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(D), and tet(K) (efflux resistance determinants). TBG-MINO exhibited similar activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), penicillin-resistant streptococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (MICs at which 90% of strains are inhibited, < or = 0.5 microgram/ml). TBG-MINO exhibited activity against a wide diversity of gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, most of which were less susceptible to tetracycline and minocycline. The in vivo protective effects of TBG-MINO were examined against acute lethal infections in mice caused by Escherichia coli, S. aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. TBG-MINO, administered intravenously, demonstrated efficacy against infections caused by S. aureus including MRSA strains and strains containing tet(K) or tet(M) resistance determinants (median effective doses [ED50s], 0.79 to 2.3 mg/kg of body weight). TBG-MINO demonstrated efficacy against infections caused by tetracycline-sensitive E. coli strains as well as E. coli strains containing either tet(M) or the efflux determinant tet(A), tet(B), or tet(C) (ED50s, 1.5 to 3.5 mg/kg). Overall, TBG-MINO shows antibacterial activity against a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria including strains resistant to other chemotherapeutic agents. The in vivo protective effects, especially against infections caused by resistant bacteria, corresponded with the in vitro activity of TBG-MINO.
Blood Flow Rate and Access Recirculation in Hemodialysis (1992)

We studied the effect of extracorporeal blood flow rate (BFR) on access recirculation (recirc) in 19 hemodialysis patients. BUN was determined in simultaneous peripheral (P), arterial (A), and venous (V) blood obtained at BFRs of 200, 400, and 600 ml/min. Percent recirc was calculated for each BFR using the formula (P-A)/(P-V) x 100. Venous drip-chamber (VP) and pre-blood-pump (AP) pressures were measured at each BFR. Fistulograms were performed in 10 patients, and stenoses were identified in 5, all at the proximal (arterial) end of the access. Recirc increased with increasing BFR from 200 to 400 ml/min but increased little from 400 to 600 ml/min. At all BFRs recirc in the stenotic patients was higher than that of non-stenotic or unstudied patients. Urea clearance, corrected for recirc, rose with blood flow both in stenotic and non-stenotic patients. There were no differences in AP or in VP between stenotic and non-stenotic patients. At BFR greater than or equal to 400 ml/min, a recirc threshold of 15% identified stenoses with sensitivity 100% and specificity 71%. We conclude (1) recirc increases with increasing BFR but not enough to outweight the concomitant increase in urea clearance; (2) significant access stenosis and recirc may be present even with low VP; (3) recirc was associated with arterial side stenoses; (4) at BFR greater than or equal to 400 ml/min, access stenosis is associated with recirc greater than 15%.
<title>Improved Lung Nodule Detection With An Equalized Image</title> (1980)

A custom designed equalizing filter was used to test the potential for improving nodule detectability in chest radiographs. The filter was constructed to produce a radiograph so that the film densities over the lung field and mediastinum were approximately equal. Eighteen radiographs were prepared with small lesions placed over the lung field and mediastinal areas of a chest phantom and the films were read by four radiologists. The films prepared with the equalizing filter showed an increased true positive rate of 18% in the retrocardiac, retrodiaphragmatic and mediastinal areas and only a slight decrease of the true positive rate in the lung field (4%). The average false positive rate for films prepared with and without the filter were virtually identical.
Modern Arabic Calligraphic-Based Logos: The Influence of Traditional Arabic Calligraphy on Modern Arabic Calligraphic-based Logo Designs (2013)

Calligraphy in the Arabic language is an ancient form of communication and a method of documenting history. The Arabic script started in a very simple form with characters similar to each other. However, through the years, many developments have occurred within this form of communication. These developments were created by several artists and calligraphers, which resulted in generating a variety of styles of scripts with unique treatments.\nSince the twentieth century, these traditional calligraphic styles have started to lose their importance, and the use of modern Arabic calligraphy is becoming more dominant, especially in the fields of modern design such as graphic design. However, traditional Arabic calligraphy still has a noticeable impact on modern Arabic designs.\nThis thesis introduces a new way of understanding the influence of traditional Arabic calligraphy on modern Arabic calligraphic-based logo designs. The process is accomplished by explaining and substantiating these influences in a step-by-step study applied on six selected Arabic calligraphic-based logos. As a conclusion, the study confirms a strong influence of traditional Arabic calligraphy on modern Arabic calligraphic-based logo designs.
Contrast Interferometry using Bose-Einstein Condensates to Measure<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>h</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>m</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math> (2002)

The kinetic energy of an atom recoiling due to absorption of a photon was measured as a frequency, using an interferometric technique called "contrast interferometry." Optical standing wave pulses were used to create a symmetric three-path interferometer with a Bose-Einstein condensate. Its recoil phase, measurable with a single shot, varies quadratically with additional recoils and is insensitive to errors from vibrations and ac Stark shifts. We have measured the photon recoil frequency of sodium to 7 ppm precision, using a simple realization of this scheme. Plausible extensions should yield sufficient precision to attain a ppb-level determination of h/m and the fine structure constant alpha.
Isogeometric analysis with trimming technique for quadruple arch‐cut ridged circle waveguide (2016)

Abstract The conventional non‐uniform rational B‐spline (NURBS)‐based isogeometric analysis (IGA) preserves the exact description of geometrical shapes and significantly improves the computational accuracy, but suffers from the topological limitations of a single intact NURBS patch in the parameter space, which renders IGA to be applied in complex topology like the ridged structure inconvenient. In this present work, trimming technique which is the isogeometric approach for handling two‐dimensional topologically complicated geometry with a single patch is employed to demonstrate how this issue can be resolved, and further extended to analyze the quadruple arch‐cut ridged circular waveguide. The main benefit of the proposed approach is that only one patch is sufficient to represent the complex two‐dimensional topology such as circular or any degrees of polygonal shapes. Because the finite element constituents of the trimmed elements are calculated and mapped into underlying global control variables by remodeling the trimmed elements as a single patch, various properties of conventional IGA are maintained. Numerical example illustrates the flexibility for describing complicated two‐dimensional domain, and high computational accuracy and efficiency of present method with much less degree of freedom compared to commercial finite‐element software package. Effects of arch‐cut ridge dimensions on the cut‐off wave numbers of modes are investigated in details. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bacteriophages of methanotrophic bacteria (1980)

Bacteriophages of methanotrophic bacteria have been found in 16 out of 88 studied samples (underground waters, pond water, soil, gas and oil installation waters, fermentor cultural fluids, bacterial paste, and rumen of cattle) taken in different geographic zones of the Soviet Union. Altogether, 23 phage strains were isolated: 10 strains that specifically lysed only Methylosinus sporium strains, 2 strains that each lysed 1 of 5 Methylosinus trichosporium strains studied, and 11 strains that lysed Flavobacterium gasotypicum and, at the same time, 1 M. sporium strain. By fine structure, the phages were divided into two types (with very short or long noncontractile tails); by host range and serological properties, they fell into three types. One-step growth characteristics of the phages differed only slightly; the latent period varied from 6 to 8 h, the rise period varied from 4 to 6 h, and the average burst size was 100. All phages had guanine- and cytosine-rich double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid consisting of common nitrogen bases. The molecular mass of the deoxyribonucleic acid as determined by restriction endonuclease analysis was 29.4 X 10(6) for M. sporium phages and 44 X 10(6) for F. gasotypicum phages. By all of the above-mentioned properties, all phages within each of the groups were completely identical to one another, but differed from phages of other groups. Bacteriophages lysing M. sporium and M. trichosporium GB2 were identical to phages M1 and M4, respectively, which were isolated earlier in the German Democratic Republic on the same methanotrophic species.
Induction of multiple‐drug resistance during anti‐neoplastic chemotherapy <i>in vitro</i> (1991)

Induction of P-glycoprotein-related multi-drug-resistance (MDR) has been shown in normal and malignant tissues to result from environmental stresses such as heat shock, exposure to carcinogens or X-ray irradiation. To identify conditions under which MDR is enhanced during anti-neoplastic chemotherapy, a cell line showing low-level intrinsic MDR was investigated. In the pleural mesothelioma cell line, PXF1118, less than 1% of cells expressed P-glycoprotein (P-gp), as shown by immunocytochemical staining with monoclonal antibody (MAb) MRK16. Exposure of PXF1118 to vincristine, vindesine, vinblastine or doxorubicin for 2-3 weeks led to an increase in the MDR cell fraction of up to 15-28% during 2 to 3 weeks. For doxorubicin and vindesine, dose-dependence was observed: drug concentrations not capable of eliciting cytotoxicity failed to induce significant P-gp expression. Nutrient starvation in aging medium, exposure to activated cyclophosphamide (even at high concentrations) or cisplatin caused only negligible MDR induction. After exposure to vindesine for 6 weeks, tumor colonies exhibited highly enhanced resistance to Vinca alkaloids, doxorubicin, etoposide and dacarbacine, whereas their sensitivity to mitomycin, activated cyclophosphamide or cisplatin remained unchanged. As determined by [3H]-thymidine uptake and proliferation antigen expression, induction of MDR phenotype was observed at minimal proliferative activity with no change in cell count during exposure to anti-cancer drugs, thus suggesting that the drug treatments changed the phenotype of the cells rather than selecting for a resistant sub-population. In addition, changes in cell differentiation were observed during MDR induction. Induction of P-gp during exposure to anti-cancer drugs thus provides a model for MDR development during initially successful chemotherapy. of P-gp during exposure to anti-cancer drugs thus provides
Interactions between tumoral MCF7 cells and fibroblasts on matrigel and purified laminin. (1993)

A reconstituted basement membrane (matrigel) and/or fibroblasts promote the growth of human breast tumors in athymic nude mice. We have investigated in vitro the effect of matrigel or purified glycoproteins (laminin and fibronectin) on tumoral MCF7 cells-fibroblasts interactions. In coculture on matrigel, MCF7 cells organized into clusters attached on top of fibroblasts aggregates. During the process resulting in tumor cells-fibroblasts aggregation, fibroblasts actively migrated while MCF7 cells were passively transported. Using purified proteins, specific antibodies and synthetic peptides, we show that cell aggregation induced by immobilized and soluble laminin is antagonized by exogenous fibronectin or fibronectin synthesized by fibroblasts.
Cyclic transformations of 5‐aryl(or benzyl)‐3‐(2‐bromoethyl‐ 1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2(3<i>H</i>)‐ones into 1‐aminoimidazolidin‐2‐one and 5,6‐dihydro‐4<i>H</i>‐1,3,4‐oxadiazine derivatives (1992)

Abstract 5‐Aryl(or benzyl)‐3‐(2‐bromoethyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2(3 H )‐ones 3 have been prepared. They were reacted with secondary alkylamines without any change of the heterocycle to give amino derivatives 6 , but with primary alkylamines, cyclic transformation occurred to give 1‐acylamino‐3‐alkylimidazolidin‐2‐ones 7 . In the presence of sodium alcoholate, bromo compounds 3 were transformed into 2‐aryl(or benzyl)‐4‐alkoxycarbonyl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4 H ‐1,3,4‐oxadiazines 9 .