gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactive Room Capture on 3D-Aware Mobile Devices (2017)

We propose a novel interactive system to simplify the process of indoor 3D CAD room modeling. Traditional room modeling methods require users to measure room and furniture dimensions, and manually select models that match the scene from large catalogs. Users then employ a mouse and keyboard interface to construct walls and place the objects in their appropriate locations. In contrast, our system leverages the sensing capabilities of a 3D aware mobile device, recent advances in object recognition, and a novel augmented reality user interface, to capture indoor 3D room models in-situ. With a few taps, a user can mark the surface of an object, take a photo, and the system retrieves and places a matching 3D model into the scene, from a large online database. User studies indicate that this modality is significantly quicker, more accurate, and requires less effort than traditional desktop tools.
Measurements of Dynamic Stress Intensity Factors for Fast Running and Arresting Cracks in Double-Cantilever-Beam Specimens (1977)

The influence of dynamic effects on the crack arrest process is investigated. For propagating and subsequently arresting cracks, actual dynamic stress intensity factors were measured applying a shadow optical technique in combination with a Cranz Schardin high-speed camera. The experiments were performed in wedge-loaded double-cantilever-beam (DCB) specimens machined from an epoxy resin (Araldite B). In the initial phase of crack propagation the measured dynamic stress intensity factors were found smaller; in the arresting phase, however, they were larger than the corresponding static values. After arrest the dynamic stress intensity factor oscillates with decreasing amplitude around the static stress intensity factor at arrest. Crack arrest toughness values determined according to a static analysis showed a dependence on the crack velocity prior to arrest, but the dynamic crack arrest toughness yielded a single value only, indicating that this quantity represents a true material property.
Nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ is activated in rat microglial cells by the anti‐inflammatory drug HCT1026, a derivative of flurbiprofen (2005)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is constitutively expressed in primary cultures of rat microglia, the main population of brain resident macrophages, and its ligand-dependent activation leads to the repression of several microglial functions. A few non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), e.g. indomethacin and ibuprofen, show PPAR-gamma agonistic properties. It has been proposed that PPAR-gamma activation contributes to the potential benefits of the long-term use of certain NSAIDs in delaying the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous data have shown that the NSAID HCT1026 [2-fluoro-alpha-methyl(1,1'-biphenyl)4-acetic acid-4-(nitrooxy)butyl ester], a derivative of flurbiprofen which releases nitric oxide (NO), reduces the number of reactive microglial cells in a variety of models. This evidence together with the chemical analogy with ibuprofen led us to investigate whether flurbiprofen and HCT1026 interact with PPAR-gamma and interfere with microglial activation. We found that a low concentration (1 microm) of HCT1026, but not flurbiprofen, activated PPAR-gamma in primary cultures of rat microglia, with kinetics similar to those of the synthetic agonist ciglitazone. The PPAR-gamma antagonist GW9662 (2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide) prevented the activation of PPAR-gamma by HCT1026. Interestingly, unlike other NSAIDs that activate PPAR-gamma at concentrations higher than those required for cyclooxygenase inhibition, HCT1026 activated PPAR-gamma and inhibited prostaglandin E2 synthesis at the same low concentration (1 microm). The results suggest that HCT1026 may exert additional anti-inflammatory actions through PPAR-gamma activation, allowing a more effective control of microglial activation and brain inflammation.
A phase II randomized open-label study of MM-121, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting ErbB3, in combination with weekly paclitaxel versus weekly paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancers. (2014)

5519 Background: Heregulin induced activation of ErbB3 has been implicated as a mechanism of resistance to many targeted and cytotoxic therapies such as paclitaxel in preclinical models. MM-121 is a monoclonal antibody designed to interfere with this mechanism of resistance. Methods: This was a global, open-label, randomized Phase II study of MM-121 in patients with platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Patients were randomized (Ratio 2:1) to receive MM-121 plus paclitaxel (M+P) or paclitaxel alone (P). The primary objective was to compare progression-free survival (PFS) between the groups. Pretreatment fresh biopsies obtained from all patients were analyzed to assess a pre-specified set of mechanistically-linked biomarkers (BM): heregulin (HRG), betacellulin, EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3. Results: 223 patients (140 (M+P), 83 (P)) were included in the efficacy analyses. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were balanced. Most patients (80.3%) had received 2 or more prior platinum-based regimens. Median PFS was analyzed after 171 events (115 (M+P), 56 (P)) and was 3.75 months (M+P) and 3.68 months (P) with a stratified hazard ratio (HR) of 1.027 [95% CI 0.741 - 1.425]. Two biomarkers based on pre-clinical predictions were used to identify a subset of BM positive patients (34%: 57/169 patients with BM available). In this BM positive group the HR for PFS was 0.37 [0.2 - 0.8] and the HR in the BM negative group was 1.54 [1.0 - 2.4]. The overall safety profile was consistent with expected adverse events (AEs), with the exception of an increase in the pulmonary embolism rate (5.0% (M+P) vs. 1.2% (P)). However, the overall rate of venous thromboembolic events was comparable (5.7% (M+P) vs. 7.5% (P)). Most AEs were reported as mild to moderate in severity and included diarrhea, vomiting, stomatitis, and mucosal inflammation. Conclusions: A signal of benefit was observed in a biomarker positive subpopulation, althoughthe study regimen was not effective at prolonging PFS in the overall study population. Any further development of MM-121 in ovarian cancer should focus on biomarker-selected patients. Clinical trial information: NCT01447706.
The robustness of seismic attenuation measurements using fixed- and variable-window time-frequency transforms (2009)

Abstract Frequency-based methods for measuring seismic attenuation are used commonly in exploration geophysics. To measure the spectrum of a nonstationary seismic signal, different methods are available, including transforms with time windows that are either fixed or systematically varying with the frequency being analyzed. We compare four time-frequency transforms and show that the choice of a fixed- or variable-window transform affects the robustness and accuracy of the resulting attenuation measurements. For fixed-window transforms, we use the short-time Fourier transform and Gabor transform. The S-transform and continuous wavelet transform are analyzed as the variable-length transforms. First we conduct a synthetic transmission experiment, and compare the frequency-dependent scattering attenuation to the theoretically predicted values. From this procedure, we find that variable-window transforms reduce the uncertainty and biasof the resulting attenuation estimate, specifically at the upper and lower ends of the signal bandwidth. Our second experiment measures attenuation from a zero-offset reflection synthetic using a linear regression of spectral ratios. Estimates for constant-Q attenuation obtained with the variable-window transforms depend less on the choice of regression bandwidth, resulting in a more precise attenuation estimate. These results are repeated in our analysis of surface seismic data, whereby we also find that the attenuation measurements made by variable-window transforms have a stronger match to their expected trend with offset. We conclude that time-frequency transforms with a systematically varying time window, such as the S-transform and continuous wavelet transform, allow for more robust estimates of seismic attenuation. Peaks and notches in the measured spectrum are reduced because the analyzed primary signal is better isolated from the coda, and because of high-frequency spectral smoothing implicit in the use of short-analysis windows.
Isolation of Brain Tumor Segment using HMGMM (2010)

Segmentation of images holds an important position in the area of image processing. It becomes more important while typically dealing with medical images, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers more accurate information for medical examination than other medical images such as X-ray, ultrasonic and CT images. Tumor segmentation from MRI data is an important but time consuming task performed manually by medical experts when compared with modern day's high speed computing machines which enable us to visually observe the volume and location of unwanted tissues.One of the reasons behind the inferior segmentation efficiency is the presence of artifacts in the MR images. One such artifact is the extracranial tissues (skull). These extracranial tissues often interfere with the normal tissues during segmentation that accounts for the inferior segmentation efficiency. This paper deals with an efficient segmentation algorithm for extracting brain tumors in magnetic resonance images using hidden Markov Gauss Mixture Model (HMGMM) with Genetic algorithm (GA). HMGMMs incorporate supervised learning, fitting the observation probability distribution given by each class using Gaussian mixture model. The GA and Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithms are used to obtain an HMM model with optimized number of states in the HMM models and its model parameters brain tumor extraction.
Opportunistic interference cancellation for MIMO systems (2008)

A novel protocol design across the physical and MAC layers of a multiple antenna station (MIMO station) called MIMO-IC (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output Interference Cancellation) is proposed to address the co-channel interference problem between the single antenna stations (SISO stations) and the MIMO stations. MIMO-IC enables MIMO stations to cancel interference to and from the neighboring SISO stations opportunistically so that two MIMO stations may establish a link between them along with an existing SISO link within the same contention floor without causing interference between the two links. The simulation results show that both the link throughput and the latency between two MIMO stations are improved significantly as the number of active SISO stations increases within the contention floor while the throughput of the SISO links remains unaffected. A null-forming prototype is developed using commercially available 802.11n silicon to show that the interference can be attenuated by 15dB for a static channel and by 12dB for a dynamic channel at 10 km/hr.
Mastitis in Dairy Heifers: Initial Studies on Prevalence and Control (1995)

Initial studies to determine the prevalence of mastitis in heifers of breeding age and in pregnant dairy heifers demonstrated that IMI were present in 97% of heifers and 75% of quarters. The most common isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hyicus, and Staphylococcus chromogenes; SCC ranged from 12.4 to 17.3 x 10(6)/ml. Approximately 29% of heifers and 15% of quarters exhibited clinical mastitis at breeding age, as evidenced by clots or flakes in mammary secretions. Histologic examination of mammary tissues demonstrated significant reductions in alveolar epithelial and luminal areas and increases in connective tissue stroma and leukocytosis, illustrating limited development and marked inflammation of infected tissues. A one-time infusion of antibiotic for nonlactating cows into infected quarters > or = 45 d prepartum reduced incidence of IMI by 59% at calving compared with the pretreatment level; the cure rate for Staph. aureus IMI was > 90%. Prophylactic treatment of uninfected quarters > or = 45 d prepartum reduced new Streptococcus sp. IMI by 93%. The mean SCC was 50% lower at calving for treated heifers, and milk yield over the first 2 mo of lactation was 10% greater than that of untreated controls. Heifers from herds using fly control had a lower prevalence of IMI than herds without fly control. Prevalences of IMI and SCC in dairy heifers were higher than previously realized, but mastitis at calving was controlled by use of therapeutic products for nonlactating cows during pregnancy.
Architectures for hierarchical and other block matching algorithms (1995)

Hierarchical block matching is an efficient motion estimation technique which provides an adaptation of the block size and the search area to the properties of the image. In this paper, we propose two novel special-purpose architectures to implement hierarchical block matching for real-time applications. The first architecture is memory-efficient, but requires a large external memory bandwidth and a large number of processors. The second architecture requires significantly fewer processors, but additional on-chip memory. We describe in details the processor architecture, the memory organization and the scheduling for both these architectures. We also show how the second architecture can be modified to handle full-search and 3-step hierarchical search block matching algorithms, with significant reduction in the hardware complexity as compared to existing architectures.
Studies on the feasibility of urinary bladder evacuation by direct spinal cord stimulation. II. Poststimulus voiding: a way to overcome outflow resistance. (1975)

Electrical stimulation of the spinal cord micturition center is effective in inducing strong detrusor contraction. Simultaneous sphincteric contraction, however, prevents voiding from occurring. At the end of stimulation a sharp drop in sphincteric activity takes place, with a concomitant and slower drop in intravesical pressure--resulting in a short poststimulus phase where bladder pressure exceeds urethral resistance and a spurt of urine is passed. This brief period was put to use by applying a train of short stimuli of 1-sec duration and separated by 1-sec intervals, following which complete bladder emptying could be obtained in an average time of 30 sec. This poststimulus voiding was constantly observed after high spinal cord transection. It can be accomplished without the need for neurectomy, sphincterectomy, or drug-induced muscular blockade.
Antibody response and protection against challenge in mice vaccinated intraperitoneally with a live aroA O4-O9 hybrid Salmonella dublin strain (1993)

An auxotrophic Salmonella dublin (O9,12) strain, SL5631, with a deletion affecting gene aroA, was made into a partial diploid expressing the rfb (O-antigen-repeat-unit-specifying) gene cluster of Salmonella typhimurium (O4,12). By use of O4- and O9-specific antisera in indirect immunofluorescence assays, the resulting hybrid SL7103 was shown to express both the O4- and O9-antigen epitopes in the same bacterium. Qualitative and quantitative sugar analyses by gas-liquid chromatography on peralditol acetates of phenol-water-extracted lipopolysaccharides showed that the S. dublin and S. typhimurium repeating units (estimated on the basis of their tyvelose and abequose contents, respectively) were present in approximately equimolar amounts. The SL7103 hybrid auxotroph was avirulent when given intraperitoneally to NMRI mice in a dose of 10(8) CFU and elicited a protective immunity against intraperitoneal challenge with either virulent S. dublin (50% lethal dose of ca. 1.5 x 10(4) CFU versus < 1 x 10(1) CFU in nonimmunized mice) or virulent S. typhimurium (50% lethal dose of ca. 1 x 10(5) versus < 1 x 10(1) CFU in nonimmunized mice). Compared with the protection elicited in homologous systems (S. dublin SL5631 against S. dublin and S. typhimurium SL1479 against S. typhimurium), the protective efficacy of the hybrid was reduced approximately 70-fold against S. dublin challenge and 100-fold against S. typhimurium challenge. Vaccination with S. typhimurium SL1479 conferred no protection against S. dublin challenge, and vaccination with S. dublin SL5631 conferred no protection against S. typhimurium challenge. The protection elicited by the hybrid strain SL7103 is supposed to be mainly a consequence of serum antibodies directed against the immunodominant O4 and O9 epitopes.
Organoboron Compounds. VIII. The Reaction of Triorganoboranes with Boric Oxide<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganoboron Compounds. VIII. The Reaction of Triorganoboranes with Boric Oxide1G. F. Hennion, P. A. McCusker, E. C. Ashby, and A. J. RutkowskiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 19, 5194–5196Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01576a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01576a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Laser-assisted direct manufacturing of functionally graded 3D objects by coaxial powder injection</title> (2004)

The overview presents the state-of-the-art in application of laser assisted Rapid Prototyping (RP) methods and their possibility to produce Functionally Graded Material (FGM) models. As Rapid Prototyping is a stepwise process constructing the object layer by layer, material composition may be changed from layer to layer and/or within the layer, this way a FGM object with 3D material gradient can be created. The free-form FGM model with engineered shape, composition, structure and even protective coating can be manufactured within one single process. Several techniques are analyzed and particular attention is paid to the lateral and coaxial powder injection into the laser beam. These technologies are shown as most effective tool for creation of FGM parts. The best results are obtained in laboratory conditions: spatial resolution of fabrication up to 200 μm with Ra up to 5 μm, transition zone between layers of different composition can be varied in a wide range starting from 10 μm.
Expression and function of soluble guanylate cyclase in pulmonary arterial hypertension (2008)

Alterations of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) may contribute to the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In the present study, the expression of sGC in explanted lung tissue of PAH patients was studied and the effects of the sGC stimulator BAY 63-2521 on enzyme activity, and haemodynamics and vascular remodelling were investigated in two independent animal models of PAH. Strong upregulation of sGC in pulmonary arterial vessels in the idiopathic PAH lungs compared with healthy donor lungs was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Upregulation of sGC was detected, similarly to humans, in the structurally remodelled smooth muscle layer in chronic hypoxic mouse lungs and lungs from monocrotaline (MCT)-injected rats. BAY 63-2521 is a novel, orally available compound that directly stimulates sGC and sensitises it to its physiological stimulator, nitric oxide. Chronic treatment of hypoxic mice and MCT-injected rats, with fully established PAH, with BAY 63-2521 (10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) partially reversed the PAH, the right heart hypertrophy and the structural remodelling of the lung vasculature. Upregulation of soluble guanylate cyclase in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells was noted in human idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension lungs and lungs from animal models of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase reversed right heart hypertrophy and structural lung vascular remodelling. Soluble guanylate cyclase may thus offer a new target for therapeutic intervention in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Anthropometric Measures and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Results From the Nurses' Health Study (2009)

Epidemiologic evaluations of the relationship between anthropometry and ovarian cancer risk have not been conclusive. Using data collected from two large cohorts, the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII, we prospectively evaluated the association between waist and hip circumference, the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and BMI with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Women completed biennial questionnaires assessing ovarian cancer risk factors beginning in 1976 (NHS) and 1989 (NHSII). For the WHR and BMI analyses, 333 and 862 confirmed cases were identified, respectively, through 1 June 2006 (NHS) and 1 June 2005 (NHSII). WHR and waist circumference were not associated with risk (P-trend = 0.63 and 0.65, respectively). There was evidence for a decreased risk with increasing hip circumference among postmenopausal women (P-trend = 0.03), but a suggestive positive association among premenopausal women (P-trend = 0.04) (P-interaction = 0.01). The hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the highest vs. lowest quintile of hip circumference among pre- and postmenopausal women were 1.54 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.45-5.23) and 0.66 (95%CI = 0.37-1.16), respectively. BMI was not clearly associated with risk in pre- or postmenopausal women. Results from this large prospective study suggest that hip circumference could be a possible risk factor for premenopausal ovarian cancer, but may reduce risk of postmenopausal ovarian cancer. The differential effect of hip circumference based on menopausal status requires further confirmation.
Static magnetic fields enhance skeletal muscle differentiation in vitro by improving myoblast alignment (2007)

Static magnetic field (SMF) interacts with mammal skeletal muscle; however, SMF effects on skeletal muscle cells are poorly investigated. The myogenic cell line L6, an in vitro model of muscle development, was used to investigate the effect of a 80 +/- mT SMF generated by a custom-made magnet. SMF promoted myogenic cell differentiation and hypertrophy, i.e., increased accumulation of actin and myosin and formation of large multinucleated myotubes. The elevated number of nuclei per myotube was derived from increased cell fusion efficiency, with no changes in cell proliferation upon SMF exposure. No alterations in myogenin expression, a modulator of myogenesis, occurred upon SMF exposure. SMF induced cells to align in parallel bundles, an orientation conserved throughout differentiation. SMF stimulated formation of actin stress-fiber like structures. SMF rescued muscle differentiation in the presence of TNF, a muscle differentiation inhibitor. We believe this is the first report showing that SMF promotes myogenic differentiation and cell alignment, in the absence of any invasive manipulation. SMF-enhanced parallel orientation of myotubes is relevant to tissue engineering of a highly organized tissue such as skeletal muscle. SMF rescue of muscle differentiation in the presence of TNF may have important therapeutic implications.