gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deposition mechanism of nanostructured thin films from tetrafluoroethylene glow discharges (2005)

Abstract Nanostructured polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-like thin films can be deposited, in certain experimental conditions, by modulated discharges fed with tetrafluoroethylene (TFE). These coatings are characterized by a unique morphology consisting of highly twisted micron-long ribbons, which leads to an extremely high water repellency of the surface. In the present work, the diagnostics of the plasma phase is presented, coupled with that of the coating, in order to understand the film growth mechanism in different discharge regimes. When the duty cycle (DC) is increased in modulated C 2 F 4 plasmas, the monomer depletion increases, too, and many recombination reactions take place at progressively higher rates, resulting in the formation of CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 6 , C 3 F 8 , and C 4 F 10 ; the formation of powders in the homogeneous phase, however, was never evidenced. The modulation of C 2 F 4 plasmas strongly affects the morphology of the resulting coating, as revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), ranging from bumpy to ribbon-like structures. The latter, moreover, are found to be more PTFE-like with respect to the remaining part of the film. In the last part of the paper, a deposition mechanism is proposed, where low radical densities in the plasma and surface migration of the precursors are the keys for the growth of ribbon-like structures.
Epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular differentiation (2011)

Epigenetic control mechanisms play a key role in the regulation of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis and modulate cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that lineage commitment of stem/progenitor cells is tightly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. These epigenetic control mechanisms include DNA and histone modifications, which modulate the chromatin structure thereby regulating access of transcription factors. Particularly, the modification of histone acetylation and methylation, which is controlled by families of histone acetylases/deacetylases and methyltransferases/demethylases, respectively, controls stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and function. This review article summarizes our current understanding of epigenetic mechanisms regulating the differentiation of cardiovascular cells, specifically endothelial cells and cardiac muscle lineages. In particular, the article will focus on the enzymes which modify histones and are involved in chromatin remodelling.
Synthesis and properties of oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing an ethylated internucleotide phosphate (1986)

Internucleotide phosphotriesters comprise an important class of DNA lesions produced by carcinogenic alkylating agents. To avoid confusion resulting from the presence of other DNA lesions, synthetically prepared oligonucleotides containing ethylated internucleotide phosphates as the sole form of damage were employed to investigate several chemical and biochemical properties of DNA alkyl phosphotriesters. A total of four oligonucleotides were synthesised for this study, the dimers Tp(Et)T and pTp(Et)T and the decamer d-TpTpTp(Et)TpCpTpApTpTpT together with its unmodified analogue. The dimers were characterized by UV and phosphorus NMR spectroscopy and the decamers by two-dimensional homochromatography, alkali hydrolysis, and variable-temperature circular dichroism (CD). Alkali hydrolysis of the ethylated decamer produced strand breaks in approximately 75% of the molecules. This is in close agreement with data previously obtained for dinucleoside ethyl phosphotriesters and triesters in alkylated cellular DNA. Results from the CD study suggest that the ethyl substituent does not disrupt base stacking within the oligomer. The interactions of two enzymes with the alkylated oligonucleotides were examined. First, it was found that ethylation of the internucleotide phosphate renders TpT inactive as a substrate for T4 polynucleotide kinase, implying that a negative charge is required on the 3'-phosphate group of the nucleotide to be phosphorylated. Hence, postlabeling assays of DNA damage that depend upon enzymatic phosphorylation of modified 3'-nucleotides cannot be applied to dinucleoside alkyl phosphotriesters. Second, both decamers, when annealed to a single-stranded plasmid template, were able to prime DNA synthesis, catalyzed by Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, with equal effectiveness. The use of this reaction as a means of site-specifically incorporating phosphotriesters into viral vectors is recognized.
Scrambling for nonequiprobable signalling (1996)

A scrambling method for nonequiprobable signalling is proposed. This method uses a lossless compression decoder to produce symbols with unequal probabilities. The relative symbol frequencies and correlation characteristics are calculated and the noisy channel error performance is discussed. In one application of this nonequiprobable signalling procedure it is shown that 0.68 dB of a possible 1.53 dB gain is easily obtained for signal constellation shaping applications.
Assessment of Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Index in different arteries in patients with severe coronary heart disease (2007)

The aim of this study was to assess pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index in different arteries in patients with severe coronary heart disease (CHD). Signal measurements were obtained from 28 subjects. Severe coronary heart disease was confirmed by coronary angiography. Aortic PWV and Augmentation Index were measured using the TENSIOMed Arteriograph. Four other pulse wave velocities (upper limb PWV1, upper limb PWV2, upper limb PWV3 and lower limb PWV) were obtained using PowerLab 4/20T device. It was found that aortic PWV was significantly increased in the CHD group compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Augmentation index was significantly increased in the CHD group compared with the control group (P<0.01). This study shows the strong association of aortic stiffness and atherosclerosis. Pulse wave analysis can provide inexpensive and noninvasive means for studying changes in the elastic properties of the vascular system with the coronary heart disease.
Channel sounding technique using MIMO software radio architecture (2011)

This paper presents a novel channel sounding system based on MIMO software defined radio architecture. It was developed for the evaluation of the beyond 4 G mobile communication systems operating at 11 GHz in which the multi-link MIMO technology will be adopted. 4 × 4 MIMO channel sounder was developed as the first prototype, and the advantages and issues are discussed based on the several performance tests. As a results, the fundamental performance of the prototype sounder was assessed, hence the validity of proposed channel sounding technique was verified. © 2011 EurAAP.
Analysis of power ramping schemes for UTRA-FDD random access channel (2005)

The random access channel (RACH) in a universal terrestrial radio access-frequency division duplex (UTRA-FDD) system is a contention-based channel mainly used to carry control information from mobile stations (MS) to base stations (BS). The transmission of a random access request contains two steps: preamble transmission and message transmission. In preamble transmission, the power ramping technique is used to favor the delayed preambles by stepping up the transmission power after each unsuccessful access. In doing so, the success of transmitting a long-delayed preamble is increased due to the power capture effect. This paper analyzes the blocking, throughput, and delay performance of preamble transmission under three power ramping schemes with fixed, linear, and geometric step sizes. The interference caused by different power ramping schemes is also compared.
Demonstration of programmable optical pulse patterngeneratorfor 100 Gbit/s networks (1995)

A programmable 100 Gbit/s optical pulse pattern generator based on planar silica delay lines and semiconductor laser amplifier switches is demonstrated experimentally. The technology has key applications in ultrafast all-optical networks.
Synthesis of a porous aromatic framework for adsorbing organic pollutants application (2011)

Porous organic frameworks (POFs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high surface areas and good mechanical properties. A series of vivid characteristics in POFs, such as their plentiful phenyl rings texture, their high surface area, uniform pore size distribution and permanent porosity, make themselves suitable adsorbents to adsorb organic pollutants. To synthesize a new porous aromatic framework being composed of only phenyl rings, a monomer 1,3,5-tris(4-bromophenyl)benzene was employed. PAF-5 has been synthesized successfully using the Yamamoto-type Ullmann reaction. This material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C solid-state NMR, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and N2 gas sorption. PAF-5 displaying high stability and high surface area exhibits excellent abilities to adsorb organic chemical pollutants at saturated vapour pressure and room temperature.
Synthetic Helical Polymers:  Conformation and Function (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic Helical Polymers: Conformation and FunctionTamaki Nakano and Yoshio OkamotoView Author Information Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Takayama-cho 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 12, 4013–4038Publication Date (Web):November 27, 2001Publication History Received5 February 2001Published online27 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr0000978https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0000978research-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9876Altmetric-Citations1277LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Conformation,Monomers,Polymerization,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Chirurgiczne leczenie przerzutów raka jelita grubego do wątroby — doświadczenia własne (2012)

Wstep. Rak jelita grubego jest powaznym problemem epidemiologicznym obecnych czasow. U 15–25% chorych naten nowotwor stwierdza sie synchroniczne przerzuty do wątroby, a u 35–45% pozostalych pacjentow rozwiną sieprzerzuty metachroniczne. W okolo 20% przypadkow chorych z przerzutami raka jelita grubego do wątroby mozliwejest radykalne leczenie chirurgiczne, ktore jest jedynym skutecznym sposobem terapii. Calkowite przezycia po resekcjiwątroby siegają 40%, a proby stosowania okolooperacyjnej chemioterapii mają wplynąc na poprawe tego wskaźnika. Material i metody. W latach 2000–2007 w Klinice Chirurgii Onkologicznej i Rekonstrukcyjnej Centrum Onkologiiw Gliwicach do leczenia operacyjnego z powodu przerzutow raka jelita grubego do wątroby zakwalifikowano96 chorych. W 25 (36%) przypadkach środoperacyjnie stwierdzono brak mozliwości wykonania radykalnego zabieguresekcyjnego. U tych pacjentow wykonano samodzielną lub polączoną z metastazektomią termoablacje. U pozostalych71 chorych przeprowadzono radykalny zabieg resekcyjny. W 33 (46,5%) przypadkach wykonano hemihepatektomie,w 23 (32,5%) — segmentektomie, a w pozostalych 15 (21%) — nieanatomiczną metastazektomie. Średni wiek chorychwynosil 58,7 roku, a średni czas obserwacji — 29 miesiecy. Metodą Kaplana-Maiera oceniono przezycia calkowitei bezobjawowe w obu grupach, jak rowniez wykonano jedno- i wielowariantową analize czynnikow wplywającychna rokowanie (regresja Coxa). Wyniki. Dwoch (1,7%) chorych zmarlo w okresie okolooperacyjnym z powodu niewydolności wątroby. W 3 (2,5%)przypadkach obserwowano przedluzony drenaz zolciowy. Wśrod 25 chorych leczonych nieradykalnie nie stwierdzono5-letnich przezyc. W calej badanej grupie 5-letnie bezobjawowe przezycia odnotowano u 19,9% osob, podczasgdy w grupie 71 pacjentow leczonych radykalnie — u 25,3%. Calkowite przezycia 5-letnie w tych dwoch grupachwyniosly odpowiednio 22% i 27,7%. Czynnikami prognostycznymi istotnie wplywającymi na przezycia zarownobezobjawowe, jak i calkowite byly: resekcja radykalna i anatomiczna, wolne marginesy chirurgiczne (resekcja R0),zaawansowanie ogniska pierwotnego. Stwierdzono tez niekorzystny wplyw uzupelniającej chemioterapii po operacjiogniska pierwotnego na oba wskaźniki. Wnioski. Chirurgiczne leczenie przerzutow raka jelita grubego do wątroby jest obarczone niewielkim odsetkiempowiklan i śmiertelności okolooperacyjnej. Metoda ta zapewnia wysoki odsetek przezyc zarowno calkowitych, jaki bezobjawowych. Wplyw pooperacyjnej chemioterapii (po leczeniu ogniska pierwotnego) wymaga szczegolowejanalizy obejmującej wiekszą grupe chorych.
Energy-efficient scheme for multiprocessor-based router linecards (2006)

In support of continuously increasing line rates and various Internet services, multiprocessor-based linecards have appeared in next-generation routers, significantly improving performance. However, this improvement has come at the expense of increased energy consumption, which tends to not only raise the operational and cooling costs, but also lower the reliability of the router. In this article, we present a simple and yet effective dynamic voltage scaling (DVS)-oriented scheme for energy-efficient operations of multiprocessor-based linecards. We prove that for a given task and a timing constraint, those processors in a linecard consume less energy when operating at the same voltage than operating at different voltages. Additionally, we derive the optimal configuration for minimal energy consumption in multiprocessor-based linecards and also show how it can be extended for general-purpose multiprocessor systems.
<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Uses Listeria Adhesion Protein (LAP) To Promote Bacterial Transepithelial Translocation and Induces Expression of LAP Receptor Hsp60 (2010)

Listeria monocytogenes interaction with the intestinal epithelium is a key step in the infection process. We demonstrated that Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) promotes adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and facilitates extraintestinal dissemination in vivo. The LAP receptor is a stress response protein, Hsp60, but the precise role for the LAP-Hsp60 interaction during Listeria infection is unknown. Here we investigated the influence of physiological stressors and Listeria infection on host Hsp60 expression and LAP-mediated bacterial adhesion, invasion, and transepithelial translocation in an enterocyte-like Caco-2 cell model. Stressors such as heat (41°C), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (100 U), and L. monocytogenes infection (10(4) to 10(6) CFU/ml) significantly (P < 0.05) increased plasma membrane and intracellular Hsp60 levels in Caco-2 cells and consequently enhanced LAP-mediated L. monocytogenes adhesion but not invasion of Caco-2 cells. In transepithelial translocation experiments, the wild type (WT) exhibited 2.7-fold more translocation through Caco-2 monolayers than a lap mutant, suggesting that LAP is involved in transepithelial translocation, potentially via a paracellular route. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) suppression of Hsp60 in Caco-2 cells reduced WT adhesion and translocation 4.5- and 3-fold, respectively, while adhesion remained unchanged for the lap mutant. Conversely, overexpression of Hsp60 in Caco-2 cells enhanced WT adhesion and transepithelial translocation, but not those of the lap mutant. Furthermore, initial infection with a low dosage (10(6) CFU/ml) of L. monocytogenes increased plasma membrane and intracellular expression of Hsp60 significantly, which rendered Caco-2 cells more susceptible to subsequent LAP-mediated adhesion and translocation. These data provide insight into the role of LAP as a virulence factor during intestinal epithelial infection and pose new questions regarding the dynamics between the host stress response and pathogen infection.
Coactivator Role of Zac1 for AR and p53 Functions in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines (2011)

Androgen receptor (AR) plays critical roles in both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer. In prostate cancer, alterations in the p53 gene are clearly associated with progressive disease and there is increasing evidence that p53 may directly regulate androgen signaling. Nevertheless, the coactivator functional role of Zac1 (zinc-finger protein which regulates apoptosis and cell cycle arrest 1), its human ortholog ZAC1, a strong coactivator for AR and p53, remains unclear in human prostate cancer cell lines. Methods: The expression levels of AR, p53, and ZAC1 proteins and the effects of various reagents in human prostate cancer cell lines were examined by Western blot analysis. The functional status of AR and p53 were examined via Zac1 by the reporter system of androgen-responsive-element and p53-responsive-element promoters, respectively. Results: We demonstrate relationships between AR and p53 protein levels, including the negative effect of p53 on AR expression and the up-regulation of p21(superscript WAF1/CIP1) protein expression by AR and p53. By using luciferase reporter systems together with Zac1, a strong coactivator for AR and p53, our data indicate that the p53 protein is functional in three human prostate cancer cell lines tested, namely LNCaP, DU-145 and PC-3 cells, while the AR protein is functional only in LNCaP cells. Conclusions: Our findings evidence that there is a fine balance between AR and p53 protein levels, and their functional roles in cells may depend on their post-translational modifications and the relative amounts of ZAC1 in human prostate cancer cells.
Ka-Band CMOS 360° Reflective-Type Phase Shifter with ±0.2 dB Insertion Loss Variation Using Triple-Resonating Load and Dual-Voltage Control Techniques (2018)

This paper demonstrates the design of a Ka-band 360° reflective-type phase shifter (RTPS). Triple-resonating load technique is used to reach broadband full 360° phase-shift range and achieve low insertion loss variation. With dual-voltage control technique adopted, insertion loss variation is further reduced. Implemented in 65nm CMOS technology, the proposed RTPS achieves 379° phase-shift range at 29 GHz with only one control voltage. With dual-voltage control, a measured phase-shift range of 360° with 8.3 ± 0.2 dB insertion loss is achieved at 29 GHz. It also ensures 360° phase-shift range and 8-9 dB insertion loss (i.e., <;1 dB variation) across 27.8-31.2 GHz. The corresponding return loss across frequencies are better than 20 dB.
Ancestral Multipartite Units in Light-Responsive Plant Promoters Have Structural Features Correlating with Specific Phototransduction Pathways (1996)

Regulation of plant gene transcription by light is mediated by multipartite cis-regulatory units. Previous attempts to identify structural features that are common to all light-responsive elements (LREs) have been unsuccessful. To address the question of what is needed to confer photoresponsiveness to a promoter, the upstream sequences from more than 110 light-regulated plant genes were analyzed by a new, phylogenetic-structural method. As a result, 30 distinct conserved DNA module arrays (CMAs) associated with light-responsive promoter regions were identified. Several of these CMAs have remained invariant throughout the evolutionary radiation of angiosperms and are conserved between homologous genes as well as between members of different gene families. The identified CMAs share a gene superfamily-specific core that correlates with the particular phytochrome-dependent transduction pathway that controls their expression, i.e. ACCTA(A/C)C(A/C) for the cGMP-dependent phenylpropanoid metabolism-associated genes, and GATA(A/T)GR for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes. In addition to suggesting a general model for the functional and structural organization of LREs, the data obtained in this study indicate that angiosperm LREs probably evolved from complex cis-acting elements involved in regulatory processes other than photoregulation in gymnosperms.
Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase complex from bakers’ yeast: purification of a proteolytically activated form (1991)

A protein of about 800 kDa with trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) activity was purified from bakers' yeast. This TPS/P complex contained 57, 86 and 93 kDa polypeptides. The 86 and 93 kDa polypeptides both appeared to be derived from a polypeptide of at least 115 kDa in the native enzyme. A TPS-activator (a dimer of 58 kDa subunits) was also purified. It decreased the Michaelis constants for both UDP-glucose (three-fold) and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) (4.5-fold), and increased TPS activity at 5 mM-UDP-glucose/10 mM-G6P about three-fold. It did not affect TPP activity. The purification of TPS/P included an endogenous proteolytic step that increased TPS activity about three-fold and abolished its requirement for TPS-activator, but did not change TPP activity. This activation was accompanied by a decrease of some 20 kDa in the molecular mass of a cluster of SDS-PAGE bands at about 115 kDa recognized by antiserum to pure TPS/P, but by no change in the 57 kDa band. Phosphate inhibited TPS activity (Ki about 5 mM), but increased TPP activity about six-fold (Ka about 4 mM). Phosphate (6 mM) stimulated the synthesis of trehalose from G6P and UDP-glucose and decreased the accumulation of trehalose 6-phosphate.
Intracellular replication of<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>strains in specific subsets of splenic macrophages<i>in vivo</i> (2001)

We used flow cytometry and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy to study the localization of Salmonella typhimurium in spleens of infected mice. Animals were inoculated intragastrically or intraperitoneally with S. typhimurium strains, constitutively expressing green fluorescent protein. Independently of the route of inoculation, most bacteria were found in intracellular locations 3 days after inoculation. Using a panel of antibodies that bound to cells of different lineages, including mononuclear phagocyte subsets, we have shown that the vast majority of S. typhimurium bacteria reside within macrophages. Bacteria were located in red pulp and marginal zone macrophages, but very few were found in the marginal metallophilic macrophage population. We have demonstrated that the Salmonella SPI-2 type III secretion system is required for replication within splenic macrophages, and that sifA(-) mutant bacteria are found within the cytosol of these cells. These results confirm that SifA and SPI-2 are involved in maintenance of the vacuolar membrane and intracellular replication in vivo.