gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Studies of synchrotron radiation emission from the modified betatron accelerator (1991)

Numerical calculations of synchrotron radiation emitted from the modified betatron accelerator show that, for relativistic electron energies up to approximately 2 MeV, the single-particle intensity spectrum is characterized by a peak at the Doppler-shifted cyclotron frequency associated with the applied toroidal field. As the electron energy is increased above a few MeV, the calculated spectrum becomes comparable to that of an electron in purely circular motion. Measurements of the radiation using fixed-frequency heterodyne receivers indicate that the polarization, amplitude, and the temporal evolution of radiated power during the first few hundred microseconds of acceleration are in good agreement with the predicted single-particle spectrum. These observations have been used to confirm the energy evolution and provide information about the magnitude of the transverse velocity of the beam electrons. Late-time signal decay suggests that electrons are moving off the minor axis in a manner that is consistent with the excitation of the electron-cyclotron resonance.
Design, implementation and experimental validation of explicit MPC in programmable logic controller (2014)

This paper describes the model predictive control (MPC) in terms of an explicit controller without on-line optimization problem solving and its implementation in the programmable logic controller (PLC). For this purpose the multi-parametric quadratic programming (MPQP) approach with binary search tree (BST) is used. The optimal values are computed off-line for all possible system states and then stored in the form of appropriate table, while the computation of current system states and the search for proper control output are performed on-line. The task is to control the temperature in an incubator unit with the PLC, which executes an explicit MPC algorithm. Setting the reference value and monitoring of the processes are carried out by the human machine interface (HMI) which communicates with the PLC via Ethernet network. So, the objective is to show that the MPC control can adequately be adapted in PLC, which is commonly used for the control of industrial processes. The effectiveness and robustness of this approach are verified through experiments.
Pharmacological characterization of lysophosphatidic acid‐induced pain with clinically relevant neuropathic pain drugs (2011)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an initiator of neuropathic pain, causes allodynia. However, few studies have evaluated the pharmacological profile of LPA-induced pain. In this study, a LPA-induced pain model was developed and pharmacologically characterized with clinically relevant drugs used for neuropathic pain, including antiepileptics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, local anaesthetics/antiarrhythmics and antidepressants. Gabapentin (1-30 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reversed LPA-induced allodynia, but neither indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.) nor morphine (0.3-3 mg/kg, s.c.) did, which indicates that LPA-induced pain consists mostly of neuropathic rather than inflammatory pain. Both pregabalin (0.3-10 mg/kg, p.o.) and ω-CgTX MVIIA (0.01-0.03 μg/mouse, i.t.) completely reversed LPA-induced allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. Lidocaine (1-30 mg/kg, s.c.), mexiletine (1-30 mg/kg, p.o.) and carbamazepine (10-100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated LPA-induced allodynia dose dependently. Milnacipran (30 mg/kg, i.p.) produced no significant analgesic effect in LPA-induced allodynia. In LPA-injected mice, expression of the α2δ1 subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) was increased in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn. Furthermore, the VGCC current was potentiated in both the DRG from LPA-injected mice and LPA (1 μM)-treated DRG from saline-injected mice, and the potentiated VGCC current was amended by treatment with gabapentin (100 μM). The LPA-induced pain model described here mimics aspects of the neuropathic pain state, including the sensitization of VGCC, and may be useful for the early assessment of drug candidates to treat neuropathic pain.
Simple flow microphotometer for rapid cell population analysis (1975)

A simple particle analyzer has been developed using a modified high speed flow-through technique and absorption measurements of a continuous He–Ne laser beam. From pulse-shape analysis and the integration of absorption pulses, size distributions of stained or unstained cells can be derived. The range of 5–300 μ is covered without changing the flow system and a rate up to 200 000/sec can be achieved. Typical applications in cell analyses are shown.
Temperature-Aware Scheduling and Assignment for Hard Real-Time Applications on MPSoCs (2010)

Increasing integrated circuit (IC) power densities and temperatures may hamper multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC) use in hard real-time systems. This paper formalizes the temperature-aware real-time MPSoC assignment and scheduling problem and presents an optimal phased steady-state mixed integer linear programming-based solution that considers the impact of scheduling and assignment decisions on MPSoC thermal profiles to directly minimize the chip peak temperature. We also introduce a flexible heuristic framework for task assignment and scheduling that permits system designers to trade off accuracy for running time when solving large problem instances. Finally, for task sets with sufficient slack, we show that inserting idle times between task executions can further reduce the peak temperature of the MPSoC quite significantly.
Carrier Phase Error Detection Method and Synchronization Control of Parallel-Connected PWM Inverters without Signal Line (2004)

In recent years, parallel-operation of inverters is employed to increase reliability and capacity in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. A phase error in PWM carrier-signals of each inverter causes high frequency loop current between inverters. Therefore, the PWM carrier-signal of each inverter should be adjusted in phase. This paper proposes a detection method of phase error in PWM carrier-signal and its application to synchronization control for parallel-connected inverters. A simple definite-integral circuit achieves the detection of carrier phase error from high frequency loop current using no signal line between inverters. The detected carrier phase error is applied to synchronize the PWM carrier-signal through a PI-compensator, and then the high frequency loop current can be suppressed. Several experimental test-results show the validity of the proposed detection method and synchronization control.
Effect of egg size and strain and age of hens on the solids content of chicken eggs (1997)

A study was conducted to determine the effect of egg size and the age and strain of hens on the content of egg solids. Eggs were obtained from commercial farms from four strains of hens with similar age groups and received diets formulated to contain the same dietary energy and protein levels across the strains within a farm. Eggs were collected on 2 different d when the flocks reached the average ages of 28, 55, 75, and 97 wk. The eggs collected form each farm were pooled and sorted by size. Each individual egg was used as a replicate for yolk:white ratio; however, five yolks, five whites, and five whole eggs from each strain at each age period were pooled, homogenized, and then used as a replicate to determine the solids contents of yolk, white, and whole eggs. The yolk:white ratio of eggs from 28-wk-old hens was the lowest, that from 55- and 78-wk-old hens was the highest, and that from 97-wk-old hens was intermediate; however, the solids content (percentage) of whole eggs increased with the age of the hens. The solids content of egg white was highest in eggs from 28-wk-old hens. The white solids content of extra large eggs was greater than that of medium eggs, and yolk solids increased with egg size; however, the solids of whole egg were not affected by egg size. The strain of hens had a significant effect on the solids of whole egg, white, and yolk; however, the strain effect on yolk:white ratio was not significant. The results showed that young (28-wk-old) and old birds (97-wk-old) produced eggs with low solids content and intermediate aged hens (55- to 78-wk-old) produced eggs with high solids content. Therefore, it may be more beneficial for egg producers and processors to use young (28-wk-old) and old birds (97-wk-old) for table egg production and birds of intermediate age (55- to 78-wk-old) for liquid egg production.
On the Eu3+ Fluorescence of Mixed Metal Oxides. IV. The Photoluminescent Efficiency of Eu3+-Activated Oxides (1966)

Four rules are proposed to explain the photoluminescent efficiency of Eu3+-activated oxides: (a) uv absorbing groups in the host lattice should be nearest neighbors in the crystal structure to have sufficient wavefunction overlap; (b) the emission spectrum of the absorbing group should overlap the absorption spectrum of the group; (c) the configuration consisting of the center of the absorbing group, the intermediary O2− ion, and the Eu3+ ion should be as collinear as possible; (d) O2− ions surrounding the Eu3+ ion must feel a high potential field. If all these rules are satisfied, highly efficient Eu3+ phosphors can be expected; if one or more of the rules are violated, phosphors with low efficiency must be expected. These ideas are applied to a large number of Eu3+-activated oxides. There is a very good agreement between experimental results and predictions from the rules. As far as possible the physical background of the rules is discussed.
Robust real-time constrained hearing aid arrays (2002)

The paper addresses the implementation of a real-time, robust, adaptive spatial filter used as a preprocessor for a monaural hearing aid. The goal of the ongoing study is the development of a processor that provides the user spatial selectivity and an attenuation of undesired interfering sources, while robustly controlling the response to a desired source. A four microphone, real-time, robust processor has been implemented and preliminary results are discussed in terms of improvement in SNR and an intelligibility measure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Do Cathepsins Play a Role in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis? (2006)

Between 1998 and 1999 we suggested a role for cysteine proteases, particularly cathepsins S and K, in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. We also demonstrated the presence and activity of cathepsins S, K, and L in atherosclerotic and aneurysmal lesions in humans. Features unique to this family of extracellular enzymes indicate its likely participation in these vascular diseases. As very potent elastolytic enzymes, cathepsins are strong candidates as key participants in aneurysm development. Importantly, cathepsins express very high elastolytic activity in AAA due to reciprocal correlation with cystatin C, their most abundant endogenous inhibitor. Two opposite processes coexist in aneurysmal tissue: overexpression of elastolytic cathepsins, and severe suppression of cystatin C, probably due to differentially regulated expression and secretion of cathepsins and their inhibitors in response to inflammatory cytokines. Involvement of cathepsins in microvessel formation, a pathophysiological marker of human AAA, and programmed cell death (apoptosis), increases the likelihood of cathepsin participation in AAA formation and growth. We also summarize here results obtained in our and other laboratories that demonstrated reduced atherosclerosis and AAA in in vivo models using mice lacking different cathepsins. Deficiency of cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C in atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-null mice leads to the development of specific features of AAA such as thinning of the tunica media and aortic dilatation. Taken together, such findings in humans in vitro with different cell types and in vivo in genetically altered mice demonstrate the importance of cysteine protease/protease inhibitor balance in dysregulated arterial integrity and remodeling during atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm formation.
A non-linear corresponder for 2D automated point distribution model construction (2005)

This paper presents a non-linear automated point distribution model building method (NAMB). In this algorithm, each training sample is registered to all other training samples by a non-linear corresponder. When landmarks are chosen by regarding all shapes of samples, a point distribution model (PDM) is constructed. The contribution of this paper is an accurate non-linear points correspondence detection algorithm and a framework that preserves shape details of training samples. In the experiment, the NAMB is compared with the manual model construction and other automated method to construct PDMs. The comparison illustrated that the NAMB is faster than manual method. At the same time, NAMB is more capable than the other automated method in preserving shape details.
HIV-Associated <i>Pneumocystis</i> Pneumonia (2011)

During the past 30 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of HIV/AIDS and Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), but significant gaps remain. Pneumocystis is classified as a fungus and is host-species specific, but an understanding of its reservoir, mode of transmission, and pathogenesis is incomplete. PCP remains a frequent AIDS-defining diagnosis and is a frequent opportunistic pneumonia in the United States and in Europe, but comparable epidemiologic data from other areas of the world that are burdened with HIV/AIDS are limited. Pneumocystis cannot be cultured, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage is the gold standard procedure to diagnose PCP, but noninvasive diagnostic tests and biomarkers show promise that must be validated. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the recommended first-line treatment and prophylaxis regimen, but putative trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole drug resistance is an emerging concern. The International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) study was established to address these knowledge gaps. This review describes recent advances in the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of HIV-associated PCP and ongoing areas of clinical and translational research that are part of the IHOP study and the Longitudinal Studies of HIV-associated Lung Infections and Complications (Lung HIV).
Interpretation of the kinetics of thermogravimetric analysis (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInterpretation of the kinetics of thermogravimetric analysisEli S. Freeman and Benjamin CarrollCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 3, 751–752Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100723a051https://doi.org/10.1021/j100723a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views311Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Barrier properties of vernix caseosa. (1980)

Experiments are described which show that vernix caseosa has a mechanical barrier effect if it is deposited in an unbroken layer. Specific antibacterial properties were not detected in vernix. It is suggested that vernix is best left on a newborn infant because of its mechanical obstruction to bacterial passage.
Clonal Divergence in <i>Escherichia coli</i> as a Result of Recombination, Not Mutation (1994)

Nucleotide sequence analysis was performed on 12 natural isolates of Escherichia coli in four loci located in close proximity on the chromosome. A comparison of gene genealogies indicated that three recombination events have occurred in a subset of the strains (ECOR group A) in the time since their divergence from a common ancestor, while during the same time, no mutational divergence has occurred. The common ancestor of this subset existed no more than 2400 years ago, and recombination was shown to occur at a rate of 5.0 x 10(-9) changes per nucleotide per generation--50-fold higher than the mutation rate. Thus, recombination has been the dominant force driving the clonal divergence of the ECOR group A strains and must be considered a significant factor in structuring E. coli populations.
On the Geolocation Bounds for Round-Trip Time-of-Arrival and All Non-Line-of-Sight Channels (2007)

The development of future geolocation systems requires a fundamental understanding of the importance of various system parameters, such as the number of sensors, the SNR, bandwidth, and channel conditions. We consider the bounds on time-based geolocation accuracy when all sensors experience non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. While location accuracy generally improves with additional bandwidth, we find that NLOS effects place a limit on these gains. Our evaluation focuses on indoor geolocation where Rayleigh fading is present, different average SNR conditions occur on each link, and the sensors may not fully encircle the user. We introduce a new bound for round-trip time-of-arrival (RT-TOA) systems. We find that time-of-arrival (TOA) outperforms time-difference-of-arrival TDOA and RT-TOA, but the relative ordering of the latter two depends on the sensor geometry.
Measurement of Triboelectric Response of Raw Cottons (1954)

By use of a novel commutator method, triboelectric potentials produced by rubbing cotton with various materials have been measured by comparison with known D.C. potentials. Results are given here for fiberboard (phenolic resin laminate, fabric base), cork roller material, syn thetic rubber roller material, Lucite, polystyrene, glass, and cellulose acetate sheet, used as rubbing materials on three varieties of cotton and trash extracted from baled cotton. The purpose of this study was to learn if the sufficiently great differences in triboelectricity produced by cot tons and trash could be used practically in the electrostatic cleaning of cotton.
Suppression of Glypican 3 Inhibits Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Up-Regulation of TGF-β2 (2011)

Glypican 3 (GPC3) is a valuable diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To evaluate the efficacy of targeting GPC3 at the translational level, we used RNA interference to examine the biologic and molecular effects of GPC3 suppression in HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Transfection of Huh7 and HepG2 cells with GPC3-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited cell proliferation (P < .001) together with cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, down-regulation of antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1), and replicative senescence. Gene expression analysis revealed that GPC3 suppression significantly correlated with transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFBR) pathway (P = 4.57e-5) and upregulated TGF-β2 at both RNA and protein levels. The effects of GPC3 suppression by siRNA can be recapitulated by addition of human recombinant TGF-β2 to HCC cells in culture, suggesting the possible involvement of TGF-β2 in growth inhibition of HCC cells. Cotransfection of siRNA-GPC3 with siRNA-TGF-β2 partially attenuated the effects of GPC3 suppression on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and replicative senescence, confirming the involvement of TGF-β2 in siRNA-GPC3-mediated growth suppression. In vivo, GPC3 suppression significantly inhibited the growth of orthotopic xenografts of Huh7 and HepG2 cells (P < .05), accompanied by increased TGF-β2 expression, reduced cell proliferation (observed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining), and enhanced apoptosis (by TUNEL staining). In conclusion, molecular targeting of GPC3 at the translational level offers an effective option for the clinical management of GPC3-positive HCC patients.
Purification of primary antibodies of the myelin basic protein antibody cascade from multiple sclerosis patients. Immunoreactivity studies with homologous and heterologous antigens. (1992)

Previous research has demonstrated a myelin basic protein (MBP) antibody cascade in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether primary antibodies to MBP (anti-MBP) reacted similarly with homologous (human) and heterologous (bovine and porcine) MBP. Myelin basic protein was prepared from central nervous system white matter of humans as well as bovine and porcine species. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was purified by protein A-Sepharose affinity chromatography from concentrated CSF of MS patients with active or inactive disease or from non-MS controls. Antibodies to MBP were isolated from purified CSF IgG of MS patients with acute relapses by two-step antigen specific (MBP-Sepharose) affinity chromatography. Anti-MBP in the context of whole CSF, in purified CSF-IgG or as purified antibody, reacted identically with homologous and heterologous MBP. Kinetic studies of anti-MBP titers demonstrated that when anti-MBP was reacted in vitro with increasing amounts of homologous or heterologous MBP, the antibody was equally neutralized by either antigen. Neutralization of anti-MBP by homologous and heterologous MBP or their synthetic peptides may also be possible in vivo as a potential therapeutic tool.