gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of the Immunomodulator FTY720 Inhibits Programmed Cell Death of Fibroblasts Via the S1P<sub>3</sub> Receptor Subtype and Bcl-2 Activation (2010)

Although FTY720 acts apoptotic at micromolar concentrations in human fibroblasts the phosphorylated compound FTY720-P possesses a pronounced antiapoptotic effect counteracting FTY720-induced programmed cell death. Interestingly, none of the classical antiapoptotic pathways like MAP kinases, Akt or mTOR play a role in the protective role of FTY720-P. Most important, we identified that the S1P(3) receptor subtype is involved in the antiapoptotic action of FTY720-P leading to an increased phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential.
A New La<sub>2/3</sub>Li<i><sub>x</sub></i>Ti<sub>1-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Al<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>3</sub> Solid Solution:  Structure, Microstructure, and Li<sup>+</sup> Conductivity (2002)

The stoichiometry range, crystal chemistry, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical window of the La2/3LixTi1-xAlxO3 system with perovskite-related structure have been studied. The range of the existence of the solid solution is (0.06 = x = 0.3). Powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results show that these oxides have a unit cell multiple of the perovskite cell with dimensions a ≈ √2ap, b ≈ √2ap, c ≈ 2ap. The ionic conductivity of the materials and its dependence on composition and temperature have been examined by complex impedance spectroscopy. Lithium ion conductivity increases with increasing lithium content up to a value (7.6 × 10-5 S cm-1 at room temperature) corresponding to x = 0.25. Electrochemical experiments indicate that these materials can be used as solid electrolytes in secondary batteries having Li metal as the anode down to 1.6 V.
Celecoxib has a positive effect on the overall metabolism of hyaluronan and proteoglycans in human osteoarthritic cartilage. (2003)

In short term in vitro cultures, celecoxib has a favorable effect on the overall metabolism of PG and HA. It is therefore unlikely that this drug would have a detrimental effect on articular cartilage during longterm administration. Further, celecoxib might help counteract the depletion of HA seen in OA cartilage.
Human immune disorder arising from mutation of the α chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (1997)

Profound cellular immunodeficiency occurs as the result of mutations in proteins involved in both the differentiation and function of mature lymphoid cells. We describe here a novel human immune aberration arising from a truncation mutation of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (CD25), a subunit of the tripartite high-affinity receptor for interleukin 2. This immunodeficiency is characterized by decreased numbers of peripheral T cells displaying abnormal proliferation but normal B cell development. Extensive lymphocytic infiltration of tissues, including lung, liver, gut, and bone, is observed, accompanied by tissue atrophy and inflammation. Although mature T cells are present, the absence of CD25 does affect the differentiation of thymocytes. While displaying normal development of CD2, CD3, CD4, and CD8 expression, CD25-deficient cortical thymocytes do not express CD1, and furthermore they fail to normally down-regulate levels of the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2.
Identification and comparison of aerobic and denitrifying polyphosphate‐accumulating organisms (2003)

Two laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in alternating anaerobic-aerobic or alternating anaerobic-anoxic modes, respectively. Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) were enriched in the anaerobic-aerobic SBR and denitrifying PAOs (DPAOs) were enriched in the anaerobic-aerobic SBR. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated that the well-known PAO, "Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis" was abundant in both SBRs, and post-FISH chemical staining with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindol (DAPI) confirmed that they accumulated polyphosphate. When the anaerobic-anoxic SBR enriched for DPAOs was converted to anaerobic-aerobic operation, aerobic uptake of phosphorus by the resident microbial community occurred immediately. However, when the anaerobic-aerobic SBR enriched for PAOs was exposed to one cycle with anoxic rather than aerobic conditions, a 5-h lag period elapsed before phosphorus uptake proceeded. This anoxic phosphorus-uptake lag phase was not observed in the subsequent anaerobic-aerobic cycle. These results demonstrate that the PAOs that dominated the anaerobic-aerobic SBR biomass were the same organisms as the DPAOs enriched under anaerobic-anoxic conditions.
On good convolutional codes of rate 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 (1992)

Tables are given of convolutional codes of rates 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 and with generator polynomials of degrees from 6 to 15 (constraint lengths from 7 to 16). This is partly with a view to the use of these codes in direct-sequence spread-spectrum systems, since the asymptotic coding gains of very low-rate convolutional codes are not significantly better than the gains of codes of rate 1/3 and 1/4. Although the free distances of previously published codes are optimal some of the codes given here have fewer adversary paths at the free distance. The improvement in performance is very slight.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Paper ID ICLASS06-182 TWO-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION ON ATOMIZATION IN A ROCKET ENGINE COAXIAL INJECTOR FLOW (2006)

Numerical simulation code for rocket engine injector flow has been developed in order to investigate atomization and mixing of oxygen with hydrogen, and clarify the combusting flow in a liquid rocket engine combustor. In the simulation code, equation of state for the real fluid can be strictly considered and incompressible and compressible flow can be solved at the same time. Simulation results on the vibration of a single liquid drop agree well with theoretical ones. The simulation results also successfully show the breakup of liquid jet with inlet fluctuation. It is confirmed from these facts that numerical method used in this study is correct and can be applied to simulation on atomization and mixing in a liquid rocket engine injector.
Measurement of the complex refractive index of concrete at 57.5 GHz (1996)

The complex refractive index of concrete is measured at 57.5 GHz by the combined use of free-space reflection and transmission methods. The measured refractive index of the concrete 14 months after concreting was 2.55-j0.084. This index, in particular the imaginary part, is sensitive to the curing time after concreting and the water content. The transmission coefficient of a concrete plate, mainly determined from the imaginary part of the complex refractive index, is less than -20 dB/cm when the concrete is fresh and moist and reaches -9 dB/cm after aging for fourteen months. In contrast, the reflection coefficient of a concrete plate is less dependent on water content.
Surface Transparency makes Stereo Overlays Unpredictable: The Implications for Augmented Reality (2003)

The principle of using stereoscopic displays is to present the viewer with an accurate perception of 3D space. Stereopsis is a powerful binocular cue that will supplement any monocular information in the scene. Our work with an optical augmented reality system has highlighted one scenario where an accurate sense of depth cannot be easily achieved from stereoscopic images. In our augmented reality system we use stereo images of anatomical structures overlaid on the patient for surgical guidance. It is essential that the surgeon can accurately localize the images during surgery. When the stereo images are presented behind the transparent physical surface the perception of the depth of the images can become unstable and ambiguous, despite good system calibration, registration and tracking. This paper reviews possible reasons for the failure in accurate depth perception and presents some ideas on how this might be corrected for in an optical augmented reality
Computational electromagnetic analysis of a reconfigurable multiport circular patch antenna for MIMO communications (2007)

Abstract: This paper uses near field and far-field computational electromagnetic analysis to demonstrate a novel reconfigurable multi-port circular patch antenna that uses pattern diversity to improve the performance of a MIMO system. Different modes of the circular patch antenna can be excited by varying its radius. A 2x2 MIMO system employing such reconfigurable antennas was analyzed using computational electromagnetic ray tracing software for an outdoor environment. The results show an improvement in the achievable throughput while reducing the size of the antenna array.
The effects of kinetin upon epithelium and fibroblasts in tissue culture (1957)

SUBSTANCE named kinetin' has been
Dual-band flat-plate antenna with a shorted parasitic element for laptop applications (2005)

A novel dual-band flat-plate antenna with a shorted parasitic element for an internal laptop antenna for WLAN operation is presented. The proposed antenna is suitable to be integrated with the supporting metal frame for the display of the laptop and shows a low profile of 5 mm above the metal frame, thus making it easily embedded within the casing of the laptop as an internal antenna. Moreover, the proposed antenna can provide two separate impedance bandwidths of 190 MHz (about 8% centered at 2.4 GHz) and 2140 MHz (about 39% centered at 5.5 GHz), making it easily cover the required bandwidths for WLAN operation in the 2.4 GHz band (about 3.4% bandwidth required) and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands (about 13% bandwidth required). The proposed antenna is studied in detail in this study, and experimental and simulation results are presented.
Other transgenic mutation assays: A new transgenic mouse mutagenesis test system using Spi− and 6-thioguanine selections (1996)

A new transgenic mouse mutagenesis test system has been developed for the efficient detection of point mutations and deletion mutations in vivo. The mice carry lambda EG10 DNA as a transgene. When the rescued phages are infected into Escherichia coli YG6020-expressing Cre recombinase, the phage DNA is converted into plasmid pYG142 carrying the chloramphenicol-resistance gene and the gpt gene of E. coli. The gpt mutants can be positively detected as colonies arising on plates containing chloramphenicol and 6-thioguanine. The EG10 DNA carries a chi site along with the red and gam genes so that the wild-type phages display Spi- (sensitive to P2 interference) phenotype. Mutant phages lacking both red and gam genes can be positively detected as plaques that grow in P2 lysogens of E. coli. These mutant phages are called lambda Spi-. The spontaneous gpt mutation frequencies of five independent transgenic lines were 1.7 to 3.3 x 10(-5) in bone marrow. When the mice were treated with ethylnitrosourea (single i.p. treatments with 150 mg/kg body weight; killed 7 days after the treatments), mutation frequencies were increased four- to sevenfold over the background in bone marrow. The average rescue efficiencies were more than 200,000 chloramphenicol-resistant colonies per 7.5 micrograms bone marrow DNA per packaging reaction. In contrast to gpt mutation frequencies, spontaneous Spi- mutation frequencies were 1.4 x 10(-6) and 1.1 x 10(-6) in bone marrow and sperm, respectively. No spontaneous Spi- mutants have been detected so far in spleen, although 930,000 phages rescued from untreated mice were screened. In gamma-ray-treated animals, however, induction of Spi- mutations was clearly observed in spleen, at frequencies of 1.4 x 10(-5) (5 Gy), 1.2 x 10(-5) (10 Gy), and 2.0 x 10(-5) (5O Gy). These results suggest that the new transgenic mouse "gpt delta" could be useful for the efficient detection of point mutations and deletion mutations in vivo.
Analysis of Masking Techniques to Find out Security and other Efficiency Issues in Healthcare Domain (2019)

Increased use of modern advanced electronic devices rapidly increased the data collection rate, most of the advanced healthcare industries today are using updated healthcare facilities with the advanced healthcare technologies to collect and process the data. Healthcare data generated by the most of the industries are in the digital format. Provisioning protection and security to the PHI is the major concern but it is very difficult to safeguard the generated data from unauthorized users or breaches. There are many advanced techniques are in use today to protect the individuals sensitive data. Data masking approach is the advanced technique that enables security provisioning of personnel health records. This paper presented the in-depth study on current healthcare security techniques and summarized the gaps in security provisioning. Conclusion part of the paper highlights the some of the acts and policies adopted by the countries to safeguard the citizens' healthcare data.
A DDFS Driven Mixing-DAC with Image and Harmonic Rejection Capabilities (2008)

The proposed DDFS-driven mixing-DAC consists of several parallel-connected Gilbert cells driven directly by the binary and thermometer DDFS data compromise between power-dissipation and harmonic-rejection performance is achieved with 5b binary LSBs and 5b thermometer MSBs segmented mixing-DAC. The 2.8-to-3.2 GHz DDFS sampling frequency is selected such that it provides in excess of two samples per cycle up to 1 GHz, while the LO sampling spurs (fsplusmnfL0) are always outside the receiver desired frequency band. It is dynamically adjusted for each received channel to minimize in-band DDFS induced spurs.
Driving force and nucleophilicity in S <sub>N</sub> 2 displacements (1985)

The free energies of activation for reaction of six anionic nucleophiles with methyl iodide in dimethylformamide correlate linearly with the overall heats of reaction in the gas phase. The result indicates that nucleophilicity in this S(N)2 displacement reaction is dominated by electron affinity and bond-strength effects.
Potential roles of erythropoietin in the management of anaemia and other complications diabetes (2007)

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a haematopoietic cytokine, mainly generated in the renal cortex, and its secretion and action is impaired in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early renal damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) is usually not detected because diabetes-induced nephron hypertrophy maintains glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an elevated plasma creatinine concentration is a relatively late manifestation of diabetic nephropathy. However, anaemia occurs more frequently in subjects with DM when compared with those with non-DM renal disease. While reduced production and a blunted response to EPO occurs in DM with early renal damage, other factors including chronic inflammation, autonomic neuropathy and iron deficiency are also important. Although recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has been an effective therapeutic agent in CKD anaemia, it appears to be more effective in patients with DM, even in earlier stages. Nevertheless, patients with DM are also more likely to be iron deficient, a barrier to effective rhEPO therapy. The effect of treatment on the reliability of haemoglobin A(1c) as an index of glycaemic control must be remembered. It is proposed that anaemia and its causes must be important components of care in subjects with early diabetic renal damage.
A CASE OF HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME WITH RETINAL CHANGES RESEMBLING ACUTE POSTERIOR MULTIFOCAL PLACOID PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY (2002)

SUZUKI, SHINTARO MD; MIZOTA, ATSUSHI MD, PhD; ADACHI–USAMI, EMIKO MD, PhD Author Information
McMAP: a fast technology mapping procedure for multi-level logic synthesis (2003)

The authors present a method for transforming multilevel equations into a gate-level netlist of a given technology. The proposed mapping procedure performs multiple mappings, each with randomly selected program parameters. The number of mappings is user-settable, and it offers the designer an option to trade off CPU runtime for better results. This feature is important to designers who begin by exploring the space of architectural possibilities, then finally create a specific, highly optimized circuit. The proposed technology mapping method has been implemented in C as a logic-design tool (McMAP) that takes full advantage of any gate library's timing and area information. Using default parameter settings, the tool synthesized several standard benchmark examples yielding higher-quality circuits with lower CPU requirements than previously reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modulation of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway Induces Endodermal Differentiation in Embryonic Stem Cells (2012)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells can differentiate in vitro into a variety of cell types. Efforts to produce endodermal cell derivatives, including lung, liver and pancreas, have been met with modest success. Understanding how the endoderm originates from ES cells is the first step to generate specific cell types for therapeutic purposes. Recently, it has been demonstrated that inhibition of Myc or mTOR induces endodermal differentiation. Both Myc and mTOR are known to be activators of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP). We found that, differentely from wild type (wt), ES cells unable to produce pentose sugars through PPP differentiate into endodermal precursors in cell culture conditions generally non-permissive to generate them. The same effect was observed when wt ES cells were differentiated in presence of chemical inhibitors of the PPP. These data highlight a new role for metabolism. Indeed, to our knowledge, it is the first time that modulation of a metabolic pathway is described to be crucial in determining ES cell fate.
Static and Clocked Spintronic Circuit Design and Simulation With Performance Analysis Relative to CMOS (2013)

Spin-based devices, in which information is carried via electron spin rather than electron charge, are potential candidates to complement CMOS technology due to the promise of non-volatility and compact implementation of logic gates. One class of such devices is all-spin logic (ASL) which is based on switching ferromagnets by spin transfer torque and conduction of spin-polarized current. Using previously developed physics-based circuit models for ASL, we develop a complete logic family for static ASL comprising of majority logic gates. We compare its performance metrics by means of circuit simulations using our Verilog-A compact models. We also show the novel implementations of sequencing elements (e.g., latch and D flip-flop) to enable clocked ASL. We also refine the models for ferromagnets to include spin relaxation inside ferromagnetic metals (FMs).
A consideration about ionizer balance in HGA process (2003)

Using ionizers is one of the most popular ways to prevent ESD damage. Ionizer balance in the HGA process is controlled to less than 5 V using a CPM (Charge Plate Monitor), because it was reported that the DCDM (Direct Charged Devices Model) ESD robustness of 30 Gb/in2 is less than 5 V and most likely decreasing. It is shown theoretically and experimentally in this study that the voltage of CPM is very different from the voltage on actual devices because ionizers act as charge density sources. Maintaining ionizer balance is of dubious importance in this application.
Shape recognition with edge-based features (2003)

come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire
Optimization of Energy Consumption and Surface Quality in Finish Turning (2012)

Energy reduction in industry has become one of the main objectives for achieving environment friendly manufacturing. In practice, optimization of energy consumption should be implemented while taking into consideration other parameters such as the obtained surface quality. In this paper, an approach which incorporates both energy consumption and surface roughness is presented for optimizing the cutting parameters in finish turning. Based on a new energy model and a surface roughness model, derived for a given machine tool, cutting parameters are optimized to accomplish a precise surface finish with minimum energy consumption.
Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Neuromuscular Responses in Older Individuals: Implications for Prescription of Vibratory Stimulation (2011)

The aim of this study was to analyze surface electromyography activity (sEMG) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses in different muscles while standing on a vibrating platform producing oscillations of different frequencies and amplitudes. Twenty community-dwelling older adults (79.6 ± 3.2 years) took part in the research. Subjects were exposed to 12 different vibration treatments of 15 seconds separated by 1 minute of rest in random order to check the influence of frequency (25, 35, and 45 Hz) and amplitude (1 mm [low] and 3.1 mm [high]) vibration on sEMG signal and RPE. Additionally, the use of a soft pad was also examined for its influence on these measures. Three-factor analysis of variance for RPE and both lower and whole-body sEMGs revealed a significant amplitude main effect (p < 0.01), and soft mat effect (p < 0.01), and a significant frequency main effect (p < 0.01). The major findings were that sEMG and RPE increased with the acceleration of the vibration; moreover, the increments of sEMG were highly correlated with RPE. The results of this study suggest that using the RPE method after each exercise would allow exercise and health professionals to assess the intensity levels that correspond to the level of the vibratory program in older adults.
Biomass plant from straw combustion in Rudong : environmental impact assessment and environmental management plan, revised (2006)

This environmental assessment for the China Renewable Energy Scale-Up Program (CRESP), which expands the use of renewable energy resources, discusses likely negative environmental impacts and proposals to mitigate them. The issues include the following: Reduce water and land pollution caused by setting a sediment basin and oil trap for factory sewage, using septic tanks to control domestic sewage, treating domestic sewage, and isolating and fencing disposal sites, using temporary dump sites in the construction area, sending waste to a government-approved landfill weekly, and strictly executing a wastewater discharge standard, and recovering land after site removal and replanting. To control noise nuisance, select low-noise equipment, use shock absorbers and noise insulation, schedule reasonable operation times, ban night construction but if needed give local people advance notice, prohibit night driving, and warn local residents if blasting is needed. To control dust, use dustproof covers for machinery and cement areas, and spray area and access roads. To promote worker health and safety, set up medical facilities and encourage hygiene control, and train workers. To reduce soil erosion and surface water runoff, plan construction for the dry season, use designated sites for deposits, avoid disposal in water bodies, use silt traps, and restore farmland. Get official approval before proceeding with construction when finding cultural artifacts. Ban the purchase of any electrical or hydro mechanical equipment that contains polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).