gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RASSF7 expression and its regulatory roles on apoptosis in human intervertebral disc degeneration (2016)

Apoptosis plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Overwhelming evidence indicates that RASSF7 is essential for cell growth and apoptosis. Recently, it has been noted that the JNK signaling can be negatively regulated by suppressing phosphorylated-MKK7 activation during pro-apoptosis. We aimed to investigate the RASSF7 expression level in human degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and non-degenerative NP cells and the link between RASSF7-JNK with NP cells apoptosis. We harvested NP tissues from 20 IDD patients as disease group and 8 cadaveric donors as normal controls. We detected RASSF7 expression by Real-time-PCR and western blotting. Consequently, we found that the expression of RASSF7 was higher in non-degenerative group than in degenerative group (P<0.05). Overexpression of RASSF7 in degenerative NP cells led to decreased apoptosis rate than that in scramble group (P<0.05). Collectively, our findings suggest that RASSF7 plays an important role in human IDD and RASSF7 might be potentially developed as a curative agent.
Methods to automatically build Point Distribution Models for objects like hand palms and faces represented in images (2008)

In this work we developed methods to automatically extract significant points of objects like hand palms and faces represented in images that can be used to build Point Distribution Models automatically. These models are further used to segment the modelled objects in new images, through the use of Active Shape Models or Active Appearance Models. These models showed to be efficient in the segmentation of objects, but had as drawback the fact that the labelling of the landmark points was usually manually made and consequently time consuming. Thus, in this paper we describe some methods capable to extract significant points of objects like hand palms and compare the segmentation results in new images.
Genetic Transformation Protocols Using Zygotic Embryos as Explants: An Overview (2010)

Genetic transformation of plants is an innovative research tool which has practical significance for the development of new and improved genotypes or cultivars. However, stable introduction of genes of interest into nuclear genomes depends on several factors such as the choice of target tissue, the method of DNA delivery in the target tissue, and the appropriate method to select the transformed plants. Mature or immature zygotic embryos have been a popular choice as explant or target tissue for genetic transformation in both angiosperms and gymnosperms. As a result, considerable protocols have emerged in the literature which have been optimized for various plant species in terms of transformation methods and selection procedures for transformed plants. This article summarizes the recent advances in plant transformation using zygotic embryos as explants.
Flip-Chip AlGaInP LEDs with Current-Guiding Structure (2012)

设计并制备了一种带有电流导引结构的新型倒装AlGaInP LED。实验结果表明,在20mA直流电流注入下,器件的电压为2.19V,输出光功率与普通倒装器件相比提高了17.33%。通过电流导引结构,使得器件注入电流被主动引导到电极以外部分,有效增大了上电极以外部分有源区中用于发光的有效载流子数目的比例,同时减轻了电流密度过大现象,大大提高了器件的出光效率。
Prostate and Colon Cancer Stem Cells as a Target for Anti-Cancer Drug Development (2011)

With a worldwide cumulative incidence rate of 9.4%, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths when both sexes are combined, and prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men (Jemal et al., 2009). Standard anti-cancer drugs often fail to provide a longterm cure of epithelial tumors, which represent about 90% of human cancers. Thus, response rates in phase I oncology trials were as low as 2.5% over the last decade (Roberts et al., 04; Kamb et al., 07). Such limited effectiveness of standard anti-cancer therapies has been recently attributed to the existence of relatively rare, highly drug resistant, quiescent or slow proliferating tumor-driving cells cancer stem cells (CSCs). Tumor cells with a stem cell-like properties, such as self-renewal and ability to differentiate into multiple cell types characteristic for particular tumor have recently been identified in all major human tumors, including prostate and colon cancers (reviewed in Dalerba et al., 07a; Mimeault et al., 07). Accumulated knoweledge suggests that majority, if not all tumors possess a minor subpopulation of stem cells and a major (or bulk) mass of progenitors at different stages of their maturation. Malignant stem-like subpopulation within the tumors possesses exclusive tumor-initiating capacity in vivo (after serial transplantation to the immunodeficient mice) and high potential to induce 3D cancer spheroids in vitro (after serial passaging). Since CSCs are responsible for tumor initiation, development and metastasis, and are highly resistant to standard anti-cancer therapies, they are likely to be the most crucial target in the treatment of cancer. This new concept of carcinogenesis and new paradigm in anti-cancer therapy requires significant reconsideration of previously accepted criteria of the drug effectiveness and development of novel, physiologically and clinically more relevant experimental models. Although isolation and purification of the cancer-specific CSCs reamain to be problematic due to lack of the unique CSC surface markers and insufficient knowledge of the CSC biology, several methodological approaches allow for prospective isolation, purification and reasonable propagation of these cells. Applying these approaches, we and others previously have shown that prostate and colon tumor-initiating cells are functionally, genomically and morphologically different from their bulk tumor counterparts. In this chapter we will discuss novel criteria of the anti-cancer drug efficacy, and present our data on the CSCtargeted activities of a new-generation taxoids.
Bacterial Populations Associated with Different Regions of the Human Colon Wall (1983)

The microorganisms associated with the undiseased human colon wall were examined in material obtained from four sudden-death victims. In traffic accident subjects (aged 45 and 16 years) the anaerobe-aerobe ratio was about 10(4):1 in all areas of the colon examined, whereas in acute heart failure subjects (aged 74 and 46 years) the ratio was as low as 1.2:1. The flora of each individual was distinct and complex. Although the predominant anaerobes isolated were Bacteroides and Fusobacterium spp., which composed over 50% of the flora in some samples, the species isolated (indicated by morphology and glucose fermentation products) varied between individuals. Other major types observed were gram-positive nonsporing rods, including Bifidobacterium spp., and anaerobic cocci (between 8 and 20% of isolates). Clostridia were only isolated in significant numbers from one individual. Scanning electron microscopy showed that most of the organisms were present below the top surface of the mucin layer overlying the mucosa. The use of several different preparative procedures for microscopy showed a complex microbial structure within the mucus, but major variations in the bacterial populations in different areas of the colon were not found. Spiral-shaped organisms up to 60 mum long in the form of double helices were found in two subjects by scanning electron microscopy but were not isolated during the parallel bacteriological investigation. The differences between this and previous studies are discussed in relation to experimental procedures and also in contrast to results with animals that showed a particularly specialized flora associated with the colon wall.
Coulomb effect in cell projection lithography (1995)

Beam blurring due to Coulomb effects is very important in cell projection lithography. This article reports on Coulomb effects in cell projection lithography by simulation and experiment, and shows some important results. First, the Coulomb effect in a single cell is substantially uniform in conventional cell projection optics. Second, refocusing is effective in reducing the space charge effect even in Koehler illumination with a Gaussian crossover. Third, the optimum cell size in the case of a large aperture percentage depends on the ratio of the total exposure time in the peripheral circuit to the total settling time in the memory cell mat. In addition, a modified mask technique is proposed to decrease the influence of Coulomb effects on throughput.
Stochastic Differential Equation Methods for Spatio-Temporal Gaussian Process Regression (2016)

Gaussian processes (GPs) are widely used tools for non-parametric probabilistic modelling in machine learning, spatial statistics, and signal processing. Their strength lies in flexible model specification, where prior beliefs of the model functions are encoded by the GP model. This way they can also be interpreted as specifying a probability distribution over the space of functions. In signal processing GPs are typically represented as state-space models, whereas the kernel (covariance function) representation is favoured in machine learning. Under the kernel formalism, the naïve solution to a GP regression problem scales cubically in the number of data points, which makes the approach computationally infeasible for large data sets.\nThis work explores the link between the two representations, which enables the use of efficient sequential Kalman filtering based methods for solving the inference problem. These methods have linear time complexity with respect to the number of data points. The interest is in presenting an explicit connection between a large class of covariance functions and state- space models. This is done for one-dimensional (temporal) covariance functions and linear time-invariant stochastic differential equations. This class of models covers a wide range of both stationary and non-stationary GP models for encoding, for example, continuity, smoothness, or periodicity. The framework also extends to spatio-temporal models, where the GP is represented as an evolution type stochastic partial differential equation and inference conducted by infinite-dimensional Kalman filtering methods. Both separable and non- separable models are considered, and implementation techniques for numerical solutions are discussed.\nThe link between stochastic differential equations and standard covariance functions widens the applicability of Gaussian processes in combination with mechanistic physical differential equation models. Temporal and spatio-temporal Gaussian process models are useful in a multitude of data-intensive applications. Examples in this work include brain image analysis, weather modelling, financial forecasting, and tracking applications.
Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory : Radar-Sonar Signal Processing and Gaussian Signals in Noise (1992)

Book on detection, estimation and modulation theory, Part 3, Gaussian and radar-sonar signals in noise, covering point targets, random process and scatter channels
Semantic classification of scenes and places with omnidirectional vision (2013)

This paper presents a novel approach for semantic classification of scenes and places with omnidirectional images. The objective of scene classification is to segment and classify different regions in the image whereas place recognition assigns a single category to the entire image. In scene classification image regions are classified into categories floor, vertical planar surfaces and isolated objects e.g. furniture. The semantic segmentation extracts multiple heterogeneous visual features at the superpixel-level that are labeled by randomized decision trees. The place recognition relies on a global image representation (GIST) and two local densely extracted shape and appearance representations(HOG, dense SIFT). A support vector machine predicts place categories such as room, corridor, doorway and open space from these visual features.
Generation of Lys-γ3-melanotropin from pro-opiomelanocortin1–77 by a bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicle membrane-associated aspartic protease and purified pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme (1989)

The ability of bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicle membrane-associated enzyme(s) and purified, soluble paired basic residue-specific, pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme (Loh, Y.P., Parish, D. C., and Tuteja, R. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7194-7205) to cleave bovine NH2-terminal pro-opiomelanocortin1-77 (N-POMC 1-77) was investigated. Purified pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme and an enzyme activity associated with the secretory vesicle membrane were shown to cleave bovine N-POMC1-77 to two major products: N-POMC1-49 and Lys-gamma 3-melanotropin (MSH), and one minor product, gamma 3-MSH. These products were identified by their retention times on high performance liquid chromatography, immunological characteristics, and for Lys-gamma 3-MSH, amino acid composition. The products generated indicate cleavage preferentially between Arg 49-Lys 50 of bN-POMC1-77 (where b indicates bovine), which is identical to the processing pattern found in the bovine intermediate lobe in situ. The membrane converting activity was shown to be stimulated by 5 mM Ca2+ and has a pH optimum of 4-5 and an inhibitor profile characteristic of an aspartic protease. This suggests that the membrane-associated enzyme involved is very similar or identical to the purified, soluble pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme, which has previously been reported to be an acidic, aspartic protease responsible for the initial steps of POMC processing. The results of this study lead to the proposal that the lack of processing of the Arg49-Lys50 site in POMC in the anterior lobe versus the intermediate lobe of the pituitary in vivo may be due to other regulatory mechanisms rather than invoking the existence in the intermediate lobe of another enzyme specific for this site, different from pro-opiomelanocortin converting enzyme.
Dynamic analysis of disc brake and impact law of related parameters on braking torque (2010)

A modeling method of parameterized flexible virtual prototype of disc brake was provided by the united application of finite element modeling (FEM) and dynamics analysis method. A virtual prototype of disc brake was created, in which the rotor, backplates and brake pads are flexible parts. A typical dynamics analysis in condition of the fully loaded braking process at the initial velocity of 60 km/h was illustrated. Simulation results show a good consistency with practice and theoretical calculation. Based on this virtual prototype, the orthogonal experimental design (OED) was selected to study the impacts of pressing force and friction coefficients at the two sides of rotor on braking torque. The results show that braking torque increases with the increase of each factor, among which pressing force has the most important role, and the effects of two friction coefficients are very close. The sensitivity of braking torque to pressing force keeps changeless basically, but increases when friction coefficients increase.
Effect of Momordica charantia on Blood Glucose Level of Normal and Alloxan-Diabetic Rabbits (1981)

Momordica charantia fruit (bitter gourd) has been considered an effective antidiabetic agent for many years. In any attempt to screen the alleged activity, blood glucose levels of normal and alloxan-diabetic male albino rabbits treated orally with various doses of dried Momordica charantia friut were determined by the O-toludine method after various time intervals.
Mars Global Surveyor: Aerobraking Mission Overview (1999)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Development and laboratory evaluation of a new toothbrush with a novel brush head design. (2000)

Despite many developments in manual toothbrush design, plaque removal at the back of the mouth and at approximal surfaces remains inadequate, yet it is at these sites in particular that plaque accumulates and leads to the development of gingival disease. Improved oral hygiene can be achieved by better brushing technique and by increasing brushing time, but a change in behavior patterns is almost impossible to achieve for the majority of individuals. What is required is a brush head design that maximizes plaque removal, regardless of how the user brushes. As a result of a detailed investigation into the action of bistles during brushing, the Oral-B CrossAction toothbrush has been developed. It incorporates bristles angled at 16 degrees in a unique CrissCross design arranged along the horizontal axis of the toothbrush. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that this development significantly enhances interproximal penetration and cleaning effectiveness when compared with an identical brush head with vertical rather than angled bristles. Laboratory comparisons with more than 80 leading manual toothbrushes from around the world demonstrate a consistent, significant advantage for the new CrossAction toothbrush, both with respect to interproximal penetration and cleaning effectiveness. These results suggest that the CrossAction toothbrush has the potential to remove greater amounts of plaque, especially from the approximal surfaces, than conventional toothbrushes incorporating vertical bristles or more traditional tuft designs.
Reflection-type Finger Vein Recognition for Mobile Applications (2015)

Finger vein recognition, which is a promising biometric method for identity authentication, has attracted significant attention. Considerable research focuses on transmission-type finger vein recognition, but this type of authentication is difficult to implement in mobile consumer devices. Therefore, reflection-type finger vein recognition should be developed. In the reflection-type vein recognition field, the majority of researchers concentrate on palm and palm dorsa patterns, and only a few pay attention to reflection-type finger vein recognition. Thus, this paper presents reflection-type finger vein recognition for biometric application that can be integrated into mobile consumer devices. A database is built to test the proposed algorithm. A novel method of region-of-interest localization for a finger vein image is introduced, and a scheme for effectively extracting finger vein features is proposed. Experiments demonstrate the feasibility of reflection-type finger vein recognition.
Novel intelligent power modules for low-power inverters (2002)

In this paper, a series of newly developed intelligent power modules, designed for low power applications (up to 2.2 kW/220-240 V AC) is introduced. The modules are based on two distinct and novel design concepts related to increased integrated functionality and compact housing (packaging). The key technologies utilized are IGBT and diode chip technologies for power functions, control IC technology and module manufacturing and packaging technologies for smart housing of these new modules. The paper describes details of their design and functional capabilities, and projects on future possibilities based on the developed technologies.
Automatic Modeling of Knee-Joint Motion For The Virtual Reality Dynamic Anatomy (VRDA) Tool (2000)

This paper presents a method and algorithms for automatic modeling of anatomical joint motion. The method relies on collision detection to achieve stable positions and orientations of the knee joint by evaluating the relative motion of the tibia with respect to the femur (for example, flexion-extension). The stable positions then become the basis for a look-up table employed in the animation of the joint. The strength of this method lies in its robustness to animate any normal anatomical joint. It is also expandable to other anatomical joints given a set of kinematic constraints for the joint type as well as a high-resolution, static, 3-D model of the joint. The demonstration could be patient specific if a person's real anatomical data could be obtained from a medical imaging modality such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Otherwise, the demonstration requires the scaling of a generic joint based on patient characteristics. Compared with current teaching strategies, this Virtual Reality Dynamic Anatomy (VRDA) tool aims to greatly enhance students' understanding of 3-D human anatomy and joint motions. A preliminary demonstration of the optical superimposition of a generic knee joint on a leg model is shown.
Ruthenium-catalyzed N-alkylation and N-benzylation of aminoarenes with alcohols (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRuthenium-catalyzed N-alkylation and N-benzylation of aminoarenes with alcoholsYoshihisa Watanabe, Yasushi Tsuji, Hitoshi Ige, Yukihiro Ohsugi, and Tetsuo OhtaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 18, 3359–3363Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00192a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00192a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1911Altmetric-Citations202LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts