gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Investigator Clinical Evaluation of Oral Controlled-Release Morphine (MS Contin® Tablets) Administered to Cancer Patients (1990)

The analgesic efficacy of oral controlled-release morphine (MS Contin Tablets; MSC) and its influence on quality of life, including parameters of nighttime sleep and daytime functioning, were evaluated in this open-label, sequential study in cancer patients. Seventy patients completed this multi-investigator study; each patient was assigned to one of two dosing protocols, as determined by their previous analgesic regimen. Evaluations were made at baseline (when patients were receiving their previous analgesic regimen) and again on the second visit, after a dosage level of MSC sufficient to control pain was reached for a minimum of two weeks. There were no significant (p greater than 0.17) differences in incidence of nausea, vomiting, or drowsiness experienced by patients during treatment with MSC and during previous analgesic regimens. A senna and docusate sodium preparation (Senokot-S Tablets; SKS) was used to alleviate opioid-induced constipation; consequently there was a significantly lower (p = 0.02) incidence of constipation during treatment with MSC. A moderate relationship between opioid dose and laxative consumption was observed. Pain intensity was significantly (p = 0.0001) decreased, and quality of nighttime sleep and daytime functioning were significantly (p = 0.0001) increased compared with baseline values. Patients' overall quality of life improved significantly (p = 0.0001) during treatment with MSC when compared to their previous analgesic regimens. In conclusion, the therapeutic merits afforded by MSC coupled with proper dose titration were perceived by the patients to be superior to those provided by their previous medications. The benefits of less frequent dosing combined with potent analgesic effect plus the aggressive use of laxatives resulted in a global improvement in quality of life for the patients involved in this study.
Investigation of the effects of pH and bile on the growth of oral Campylobacter concisus strains isolated from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and controls (2015)

Campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study examined the impact of pH and bile on the growth of oral C. concisus strains isolated from patients with IBD and controls. The growth of 58 C. concisus strains on horse blood agar (HBA) plates following exposure to media with various pH values for different time points was examined. Furthermore, the growth of C. concisus strains on HBA plates containing different concentrations of ox bile was investigated. Following exposure to pH 2 for 30 min, none of the 58 oral C. concisus strains grew on HBA plates. Following exposure to pH 3.5 for 30 min, only four of 20 oral strains examined grew on HBA plates, with a log10 c.f.u. reduction of 0.7-2.5 compared to the same strains without low pH exposure. Exposure to pH 5 for 120 min had minimal effects on C. concisus growth. Approximately half of the oral strains (55.2%, 32/58) grew on HBA containing 2% bile. Bile inhibited the growth of C. concisus in a dose- and strain-dependent manner. These data suggest that both bacterial and intestinal environmental factors may play a role in the determination of C. concisus colonization in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and that increased gastric pH and reduced intestinal bile may be risk factors for increased gastric and intestinal C. concisus colonization.
All-Acrylic Anterior Chamber Implants (1961)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The story of artificial intraocular lenses and implants started with Harold Ridley's invention of the posterior chamber lens in 1950.<sup>1</sup>From this brilliant and courageous concept arose Strampelli's anterior chamber implant of 1953. When I started work on this problem in 1956 my first efforts were directed toward making Strampelli's technique as safe as possible. This involved making several changes in his original design. Two years later I was able to report to the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom<sup>2</sup>my experience with the first 60 cases of uniocular aphakia treated with a modified Strampelli implant. The<i>American Journal of Ophthalmology</i>in its March, 1960 number, published an account of my first 111 cases of uniocular aphakia.<sup>3</sup>This paper gave details of preoperative management, operative technique, postoperative care, and complications. It also gave my reasons for preferring the rigid all "Perspex" (polymethyl methacrylate) anterior chamber implant
Channel equalization in widwband single-carrier transmission using a filter bank transform and a block interleaved DFE (2007)

This paper explores a low-complexity decision feedback equalization/decoding scheme, which uses filter bank frequency-domain equalizer and noise prediction in feedforward and feedback filter, respectively. Its performance is evaluated with extended Vehicular A channel model of ITU-R in LDPC coded single-carrier modulation. Simulation results show that the equalization/decoding scheme with symbol-wise block interleaver can achieve a considerable performance improvement over linear equalizer. Moreover, its performance comparison to widely-used turbo equalizer approach is also included, showing minor performance degradation with considerably reduced complexity.
Ten Years of Adventures with Pd/C Catalysts: From Reductive Processes to Coupling Reactions (2014)

This account summarizes ten years of projects in the Felpin group involving Pd/C as a catalyst for cross-coupling reactions. From early studies to recent developments, the story tells of the successes and the failures, and it shows the progress gained in understanding of factors governing the catalytic activity and efficiency of Pd/C catalysts. This account could serve as a textbook for synthetic chemists interested in practical methodologies involving C–C bond formation. 1 Introduction 2 Pd/C: Basic Knowledge 3 Early Studies 4 Homemade Pd/C Catalysts 5 Future Prospects 6 Summary and Outlook
Adherence of L1210 murine leukemia cells to sephacryl- aminopropylcobalamin beads treated with transcobalamin-II (1980)

Sephacryl beads containing an immobilized aminopropylcobalamin- transcobalamin-II complex serve as foci for the adherence of L1210 murine leukemia cells. Bead-cell interaction does not occur when (A) nonderivatized beads are used; (B) transcobalamin-II is omitted or presaturated with cyanocobalamin in the preparation of the bead complex; (C) intrinsic factor replaces transcobalamin-II; and (D) the complex is removed from beads by photolysis. These observations suggest that adherence results from the ability of transcobalamin-II to form a bridge between immobilized cobalamin on the bead and receptors in the plasma membrane of the cell.
Taming the Uncertainty: Budget Limited Robust Crowdsensing Through Online Learning (2015)

Mobile crowdsensing has been intensively explored recently due to its flexible and pervasive sensing ability. Although many crowdsensing platforms have been built for various applications, the general issue of how to manage such systems intelligently remains largely open. While recent investigations mostly focus on incentivizing crowdsensing, the robustness of crowdsensing toward uncontrollable sensing quality, another important issue, has been widely neglected. Due to the non-professional personnel and devices, the quality of crowdsensing data cannot be fully guaranteed, hence the revenue gained from mobile crowdsensing is generally uncertain. Moreover, the need for compensating the sensing costs under a limited budget has exacerbated the situation: one does not enjoy an infinite horizon to learn the sensing ability of the crowd and hence to make decisions based on sufficient statistics. In this paper, we present a novel framework, Budget LImited robuSt crowdSensing (BLISS), to handle this problem through an online learning approach. Our approach aims to minimize the difference on average sense (a.k.a. regret) between the achieved total sensing revenue and the (unknown) optimal one, and we show that our BLISS sensing policies achieve logarithmic regret bounds and Hannan-consistency. Finally, we use extensive simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of BLISS.
Studies on Ovalbumin I. Denaturation By Heat, and the Heterogeneity of Ovalbumin (1964)

The denaturation of ovalbumin by heat at pH 2-3 hus been studied by following the changes in optical rotation, viscosity, solubility at the isoelectric point, and amount of aggregated protein observed in the ultracentrifuge. The laevorotation and reduced viscosity of heated solutions of ovalbumin increa�se with ionic strength and protein concentration. This effect is related to the state of aggregation of the denatured protein and not to the extent of denaturation as measured by changes in solubility. The initial denaturation step is irreversible but does not involve the extensive unfolding observed in urea solutions.
A model for space charge evolution and charge deposition in the electrophotographic toner transfer process (1991)

A model, based on several simplifying assumptions, for an electrophotographic toner transfer process in which some toner particles are assumed to become airborne when the electric field between photoconductor and paper surfaces becomes large enough to overcome adhesive forces is described. The model for the coupling between the electric field and the space charge associated with toner particles requires a self-consistent description of space charge and electric field structures. One-dimensional and two-dimensional models are described. The one-dimensional model provides a closed-form description of charge density and electric field magnitudes across a gap of fixed height. The two-dimensional model, based on coupling the finite element method with the method of characteristics, brings in significant geometric effects, including spreading of the beam of toner particles as it crosses the gap. A dynamic process is described whereby the toner and its associated charge are removed from the photoconductor surface and deposited on the paper surface while the toner and charge are transported on both moving surfaces.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Anaphase onset and dephosphorylation of mitotic phosphoproteins occur concomitantly (1989)

The cyclical phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the centrosome during mitosis was analyzed by immunofluorescence methods using the MPM-2 antibody, which reacts with a subset of mitotic phosphoproteins. Quantification of MPM-reactivity indicated that centrosomal phosphorylation attained a maximal level just prior to anaphase onset. This level was maintained in metaphase cells blocked from further mitotic progression with the microtubule depolymerizing agent nocodazole. However, when nocodazole was added to cells that had just initiated anaphase, the level of centrosomal phosphorylation decreased rapidly as in untreated anaphase cells. We conclude that the onset of dephosphorylation of the centrosome coincided with the onset of anaphase and continued in the absence of chromosome movement. Dephosphorylation of MPM-2 reactive phosphoproteins may be taken as a biochemical indicator of anaphase onset.
Solid-state distribution current limiter and circuit breaker: application requirements and control strategies (1993)

The design and application requirements for solid state distribution current limiters and circuit breakers are described and compared to those for the electromechanical switchgear used in present day distribution systems. Control strategies are provided for current limiting application in the power transformer main circuit and for current limiting and interruption for the bus tie location.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Robust pupil detection for gaze-based user interface (2010)

Eye tracker has the potential to play an assistive role in human computer interaction. However, the operation is easily hindered by excessive corneal reflection and noise which prevent correct detection and precise localization of the pupil. In this paper we describe a robust method for pupil detection in the presence of severe interference. The algorithm works by analyzing the intensity distribution of the pupil region and iteratively searching for the pupil center with an effective noise removal scheme. We demonstrated several gaze-based user interfaces, including web-browsing and photo-viewing, with a wearable eye tracker constructed using the proposed method.
Hamiltonian Approach to Shape Spaces in a Diffeomorphic Framework : From the Discontinuous Image Matching Problem to a Stochastic Growth Model (2009)

This thesis takes place in the context of image matching within the framework of large deformation diffeomorphisms. With important applications to medical imaging and computational anatomy, this approach uses the action of diffeomorphisms groups in order to classify images. One of the first issue to deal with is to compute the distance between objects on which can act the group of diffeomorphisms. The case of discontinuous images was very partially understood. The first part of this thesis is devoted to fully tackle the case of discontinuous images in any dimension. Namely the images are assumed to be functions of bounded variations. We have provided technical tools to deal with discontinuous images within the diffeomorphism framework. The first application developed is a Hamiltonian formulation of the geodesic equations for a new model including a change of contrast in the images which is represented by an action of a diffeomorphism on the values of the level lines of the image. The second one is an extension of the metamorphosis framework developed by A.Trouve and L.Younes to SBV functions, which points out that the geometry of such spaces is much more complicated than the one with smooth functions. The second part of the thesis takes place in the probabilistic side of the field. Taking advantage of the Hamiltonian formulation, we aim to study stochastic perturbations of the geodesic equations. From a physical point of view, the perturbation we consider affects the forces on the particles and not the speed of the particles. In some sense, this model could be an interesting dynamical model for growth of shapes or at least random evolution of shapes. We have proven that the solutions of the system in the case of landmarks are non exploding and that there exists a SDE in infinite dimension on a suitable Hilbert space (actually a sort of Besov or Sobolev space on a Haar basis) which extends the landmark case. In infinite dimension, the solutions are also defined for all times. Moreover an important convergence result of the landmark case to the infinite dimensional case is proven. Finally, let us precise that the structure of the noise is general enough to account for correlation between points of the curve in the noise.
Motion tracking with an active camera (1994)

This paper describes a method for real-time motion detection using an active camera mounted on a pan/tilt platform. Image mapping is used to align images of different viewpoints so that static camera motion detection can be applied. In the presence of camera position noise, the image mapping is inexact and compensation techniques fail. The use of morphological filtering of motion images is explored to desensitize the detection algorithm to inaccuracies in background compensation, Two motion detection techniques are examined, and experiments to verify the methods are presented. The system successfully extracts moving edges from dynamic images even when the pan/tilt angles between successive frames are as large as 3.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The metabolites citrate, myo‐inositol, and spermine are potential age‐independent markers of prostate cancer in human expressed prostatic secretions (2008)

The results indicate that citrate, myo-inositol and spermine are potentially important markers of PCa in human EPS. Further, the absolute concentrations of these metabolites in EPS appear to be independent of age, increasing the potential utility of these markers due to elimination of age as a confounding variable.
Towards automatic personalization of device controls (2009)

People are increasingly using customizable remotes to interact with devices in new and interesting ways that are influenced by the idiosyncrasies of their behaviors and environments. With the growing use of advanced processors in small consumer electronics, it is becoming more practical to have such remotes execute machine-learning algorithms that can automatically specify the idiosyncrasies. This paper addresses two especially useful and common types of features of personalizable remotes: "task based button grouping" and macros. "Task-based button grouping" addresses clutter and frequent screen switching by only presenting the commands (or buttons) a user needs to accomplish a given active task. Macros allow users to efficiently invoke a sequence of commands across multiple devices that are used in the task. The contributions of this work include: (a) an identification of several usage patterns that show limitations of previous work in task and macro based commands, (b) a set of new algorithms that apply these patterns to address these limitations, and (c) an evaluation of each algorithm using real-world interaction data. We show that our algorithms, which uniquely apply fuzzy techniques and time-based heuristics, can offer a significant improvement from the state-of-the-art in automation and accuracy.
Controlling the adaptive suspension vehicle (1989)

A description is given of the adaptive suspension vehicle (ASV), which is an experimental, six-legged walking vehicle, and its operation. The ASV software, which consists of more than 150000 lines of source code, is discussed. The application software is written in Pascal, and the operating system is written in PL/M and assembly language. The ASV software performs the following main duties: sensing, vehicle state determination, terrain modeling, motion planning, and stereo control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An interpolative bandpass converter on a 1.2- mu m BiCMOS analog/digital array (1993)

The architecture and performance of an interpolative bandpass A/D converter (ADC) and digital quadrature demodulator dedicated for digital narrowband transmission systems, like the cellular radio mobile receiver, are presented. A prototype version has been implemented on a 1.2- mu m/7-GHz BiCMOS analog/digital array. A bandpass signal centered at 6.5 MHz with 200-kHz bandwidth is demodulated and converted with a 55-dB signal-to-noise ratio giving 9-b performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Effects of the combination of aspirin and nifedipine on platelet aggregation and thrombogenesis]. (1990)

The effects of nifedipine (Nif), aspirin (ASA) and ASA + Nif on platelet aggregation and generation of thrombosis were studied. Both ASA and Nif inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro and rat platelet aggregation in vivo induced by ADP, also prolonged the occlusion time of thrombosis induced electrically in the carotid artery of the rat and reduced the death rate resulting from pulmonary thrombosis induced by i.v collagen and epinephrine in mice. The above effects were markedly increased when Nif and ASA were used in combination. All the above effects were dose-dependent.
Electrofusion and Electroporation of Plants (1992)

The utilization of electrofusion and electroporation techniques has had a major impact on the genetic manipulation of plants within the last decade. This review of the development of electrofusion and electroporation, as it applies to plants, highlights major developmental aspects of this technology. These include mechanisms for cell fusion, molecular exchange, and parameters that affect the efficiency of fusion and electroporation.
Use of herpes simplex virus type 1 for transgene expression within the nervous system* (1999)

Gene therapy might provide a useful treatment for a number of neurological diseases and a great deal of effort is going into the development of vector systems which will allow the delivery of potentially therapeutic genes to terminally differentiated neurons within the intact mammalian brain. The ability of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to establish a lifelong latent infection within neurons has led to interest in its use as a neuronal gene delivery vector. During HSV latency no viral proteins are produced and transcription from the latent viral genome is limited to a family of nuclear RNAs, the latency-associated transcripts, whose function is not well understood. Obtaining prolonged expression of a transgene in latently infected neurons has proven difficult due to transcriptional silencing of exogenous promoters introduced into the latent viral genome. For this reason there is a great deal of interest in utilizing the HSV latency-associated promoter to drive the expression of therapeutic genes in latently infected neurons of both the peripheral and central nervous systems. In this review we describe a strategy which allows the latency-associated promoter to drive long-term reporter gene expression in the mammalian nervous system. These observations open up the possibility of using similar HSV-based vectors to express therapeutic transgenes within the brain and investigate the potential of gene therapy in a range of neurological disorders.
Description and recognition of animal silhouette image using ellipsoid‐expansion (1992)

Abstract Although objects in most computer vision have been assumed to be “solid bodies,” this assumption is not always true in practice; for example, a horse can be an object. It has been known that humans recognize such an object by dividing it into several parts, each of which has a recognizable feature. This process is important also for computer processing. This paper proposes pattern recognition of a silhouette of an animal using the relative position of each part of its body. The process is to segment each region of the silhouette and to describe the characteristic of each part and the relationship between a part and its adjacent part. A new method, the “ellipsoid‐expansion method,” based on an ellipsoid fitting, is proposed to segment a silhouette. This method uses an ellipse which is fitted to a region by expanding the ellipse and by producing a reaction when the expanded ellipse exceeds the contour of the region. This method is not influenced by details of the shape of the object and withstands shifts, change of scaling, and rotation of the shape. Recognition of each part of the silhouette of an animal is tested by identifying the description of each part of a basic model of the animal and the description of its silhouette. Examples of identification of animals are carried out using some simple cases.