gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Developmental & Molecular Requirements for Ensuring that Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Hair Follicle Bulge Stem Cells Have Acquired Competence for Hair Follicle Generation Following Transplantation (2021)

When using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to achieve hair follicle (HF) replacement, we found it best to emulate the earliest fundamental developmental processes of gastrulation, ectodermal lineage commitment, and dermogenesis. Viewing hiPSCs as a model of the epiblast, we exploited insights from mapping the dynamic up- and down-regulation of the developmental molecules that determine HF lineage in order to ascertain the precise differentiation stage and molecular requirements for grafting HF-generating progenitors. To yield an integrin-dependent lineage like the HF in vivo, we show that hiPSC derivatives should co-express, just prior to transplantation, the following combination of markers: integrins α6 and β1 and the glycoprotein CD200 on their surface; and, intracellularly, the epithelial marker keratin 18 and the hair follicle bulge stem cell (HFBSC)-defining molecules transcription factor P63 and the keratins 15 and 19. If the degree of trichogenic responsiveness indicated by the presence of these molecules is not achieved (they peak on Days 11-18 of the protocol), HF generation is not possible. Conversely, if differentiation of the cells is allowed to proceed beyond the transient intermediate progenitor state represented by the HFBSC, and instead cascades to their becoming keratin 14<sup>+</sup> keratin 5<sup>+</sup> CD200<sup>-</sup> keratinocytes (Day 25), HF generation is equally impossible. We make the developmental case for transplanting at Day 16-18 of differentiation-the point at which the hiPSCs have lost pluripotency, have attained optimal expression of HFBSC markers, have not yet experienced downregulation of key integrins and surface glycoproteins, have not yet started expressing keratinocyte-associated molecules, and have sufficient proliferative capacity to allow a well-populated graft. This panel of markers may be used for isolating (by cytometry) HF-generating derivatives away from cell types unsuited for this therapy as well as for identifying trichogenic drugs.
Slip mitigation control for an Electric Powered Wheelchair (2014)

Most wheelchairs have low directional stability due to their wheel-drive system configurations. Hence, when a wheelchair experiences excessive slip, it will create an uncontrollable moment that changes its heading direction, endangering the safety of the wheelchair user. This paper presents an approach to longitudinal slip reduction (or traction control) for an Electric Powered Wheelchair that uses a variable reference model, which is a mass-damper system. The position of a joystick is mapped to force and torque values, which are the input to this model. The output is the desired trajectory, which is fed to a trajectory tracking controller. The key idea is that if slip occurs, the applied torque to the wheels is reduced by decreasing the desired acceleration, which is achieved by changing the parameters of the reference model. In this study, the mass of the reference model is changed. The proposed slip reduction approach is validated via experiments.
Laser Micromachining and Micro-Patterning with a Nanosecond UV Laser (2012)

micromachining 2.1 Laser-matter interaction Interaction of material with laser pulses generally involves the following fundamental processes that take place on different time scales after a pulse incidence (Zweig 1991).Firstly, light absorption takes place at a femtosecond time scale accompanied by ejection of www.intechopen.com
The Crystal Structure of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nonstructural Protein Nsp1β Reveals a Novel Metal-Dependent Nuclease (2010)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a member of the Arteriviridae family of Nidovirales, is the causative agent of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, which results in enormous economic losses in the swine industry. As the second protein encoded by the PRRSV genome, nsp1beta cleaves itself from the downstream nsp2 protein via a C-terminal papain-like cysteine protease (PCP) domain. Although nsp1beta is known to be involved in virulence, its precise role in the process of viral infection remains unclear. In this work, we describe the homodimeric crystal structure of PRRSV nsp1beta in its natural, self-processed form. We show that the architecture of its N-terminal domain (NTD) adopts a fold closely resembling that of several known nucleases and has intrinsic nuclease activity that is strongly activated by manganese ions in vitro. Key features, however, distinguish nsp1beta from characterized nucleases, including the C-terminal PCP domain (which is responsible for the self-release of nsp1beta from nsp2), a linker domain (LKD) that connects the NTD and the PCP domain, and a C-terminal extension (CTE) that binds to and is stabilized by the putative substrate binding site of the PCPbeta domain. Combined with the reported nuclear localization of this protein, these results shed light on the self-processing mode and precise biological function of nsp1beta and thus offer a multitarget template for future drug discovery.
Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial (2009)

Superiority of the combined NF training indicates clinical efficacy of NF in children with ADHD. Future studies should further address the specificity of effects and how to optimise the benefit of NF as treatment module for ADHD.
Scalable automatic linearizability checking (2011)

Concurrent data structures are widely used but notoriously difficult to implement correctly. Linearizability is one main correctness criterion of concurrent data structure algorithms. It guarantees that a concurrent data structure appears as a sequential one to users. Unfortunately, linearizability is challenging to verify since a subtle bug may only manifest in a small portion of numerous thread interleavings. Model checking is therefore a potential primary candidate. However, current approaches of model checking linearizability suffer from severe state space explosion problem and are thus restricted in handling few threads and/or operations. This paper describes a scalable, fully automatic and general linearizability checking method based on [16] by incorporating symmetry and partial order reduction techniques. Our insights emerged from the observation that the similarity of threads using concurrent data structures causes model checking to generate large redundant equivalent portions of the state space, and the loose coupling of threads causes it to explore lots of unnecessary transition execution orders. We prove that symmetry reduction and partial order reduction can be combined in our approach and integrate them into the model checking algorithm. We demonstrate its efficiency using a number of real-world concurrent data structure algorithms.
Navigating the unknowns of COVID-19 (2020)

The 2019 novel coronavirus known as COVID-19 spread globally forced health care organizations, including our own, into a radical pivot from the normal; the primary/emergency/specialty care continuum rapidly became a containment, triage and treatment facility for COVID-19 nearly overnight.
[Histological aspects of lesions of the cervix uteri correlated with different types of human papillomavirus]. (1987)

Cervical biopsies from 66 women presenting an abnormal smear, with HPV related features were studied and histologic features were correlated to the HPV type, as determined by molecular hybridisation studies. HPV DNA sequences were evidenced in 13 of 19 lesions corresponding to exophytic or flat condyloma (HPV type 16 in seven cases, HPV type 11 in four cases, as yet uncharacterized HPV types, HPV X, in two cases). Fourty biopsies were histologically interpreted as CIN, on the basis of atypical mitotic figures (AMF) and/or basal-parabasal cell atypia. HPV type 16 was evidenced in 20 cases (3 cases of double infection: HPV types 16 and 18, HPV types 16 and 33, HPV types 16 and X). In 10 other cases, HPV DNA sequences corresponding to HPV type 11 (one case), HPV 18 (one case) and HPV X (8 cases) were evidenced. In this study, potentially oncogenic HPV types (HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 33) have been found only in CIN lesions defined on the presence of AMFs and/or basal-parabasal cells atypia. These histologic criteria seem to allow a distinction between low and high risk cervical lesions.
Reaction of Aryl Ketones with Cyclopentadienyl Sodium. Syntheses of Fulvenylmethanols (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of Aryl Ketones with Cyclopentadienyl Sodium. Syntheses of FulvenylmethanolsR. J. Mohrbacher, V. Paragamian, E. L. Carson, B. M. Puma, C. R. Rasmussen, J. A. Meschino, and G. I. PoosCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 7, 2149–2159Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01345a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01345a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views273Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Cat and Mouse in Split Manufacturing (2018)

Split manufacturing of integrated circuits eliminates vulnerabilities introduced by an untrusted foundry by manufacturing only a part of the target design at an untrusted high-end foundry and the remaining part at a trusted low-end foundry. Most researchers have focused on attack and defenses for hierarchical designs and/or use a relatively high-end trusted foundry, leading to high cost. We propose an attack and defense for split manufacturing for flattened designs. Our attack uses a network-flow model and outperforms previous attacks. We also develop two defense techniques using placement perturbation-one using physical design information and the other using logical information-while considering overhead. The effectiveness of our techniques is demonstrated on benchmark circuits.
Coordinating Power Control and Performance Management for Virtualized Server Clusters (2010)

Today's data centers face two critical challenges. First, various customers need to be assured by meeting their required service-level agreements such as response time and throughput. Second, server power consumption must be controlled in order to avoid failures caused by power capacity overload or system overheating due to increasing high server density. However, existing work controls power and application-level performance separately, and thus, cannot simultaneously provide explicit guarantees on both. In addition, as power and performance control strategies may come from different hardware/software vendors and coexist at different layers, it is more feasible to coordinate various strategies to achieve the desired control objectives than relying on a single centralized control strategy. This paper proposes Co-Con, a novel cluster-level control architecture that coordinates individual power and performance control loops for virtualized server clusters. To emulate the current practice in data centers, the power control loop changes hardware power states with no regard to the application-level performance. The performance control loop is then designed for each virtual machine to achieve the desired performance even when the system model varies significantly due to the impact of power control. Co-Con configures the two control loops rigorously, based on feedback control theory, for theoretically guaranteed control accuracy and system stability. Empirical results on a physical testbed demonstrate that Co-Con can simultaneously provide effective control on both application-level performance and underlying power consumption.
An Electrical Machine Monitoring System for the Offshore Industry (1985)

ABSTRACT Condition monitoring and its associated instrumentation may be considered to involve designers, machinery manufacturers, commissioning engineers and most importantly offshore operational staff. It is in this ultimate stage where condition monitoring systems aid the operator by continually assessing the health of the equipment and plant during its planned life. However, when considering the usefulness of such a system, it is in the early phases of system design that a great deal of attention must be given to the type of plant to be installed, and the expected variation of parameters during healthy operation together with the tolerance on these parameters that must be allowed prior to a probable fault condition being reported or acted upon. The electrical machine monitoring system described in the paper intrinsically takes account of this latter consideration and is developed on the basis of sensing the leakage magnetic field of the machine. An analysis of this field directly leads to the discrimination of a variety of fault types. A description of the system is given and results are presented in which a low cost microprocessor based system is used to identify faults in both synchronous and induction machines.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cerium(IV) Oxide. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New cellular wireless system concept for very high bit rate data transmission with smart antennas at the mobile and base station (2002)

The authors proposed a new cellular system concept based on multiple antennas at the mobile stations and base station. The system is essentially a multiuser multiple input multiple output system (MU-MIMO). Real time video is the primary potential application of the system. The number of antenna elements at the base stations is larger than at the mobiles and they could be grouped into multiple arrays. This multi-array approach could be further extended to fixed wireless networks. The novel concept of the MIMO path beamformer exploits specular multipath to allow communication between two mobiles with antenna arrays. The system is able to provide spectrum efficient high bit rate asymmetrical traffic. It could be easily integrated with space-time coding and different transmit diversity techniques. The system configuration and algorithms have to be optimized for different environments such as urban microcellular, microcellular, suburban and rural to provide high capacity and spectrum efficiency. Simulation results for an urban microcell are presented.
An error measure for dose correction in <i>e</i>-beam nanolithography (1990)

In this paper we address the problem of dose correction in ultrahigh resolution electron beam lithography. Here, the emphasis is on providing precise resist development profiles. This contrasts with the case of standard near-micron e-beam lithography in which computational efficiency and an ability to handle large data files are the major goals. The approach employed here is one of non-linear optimization. Rather than using the conventional quadratic cost function for dose optimization, the specifics of the resist development curve (i.e., saturation behavior, minimum critical dose, and gamma) are incorporated as inequalities. Results (both experimental and theoretical) are given for half-micron lines. Preliminary results on subhalf-micron lines are also given.
Inductance Coefficients of Three-Phase Inductor Alternators: Part II - Numerical and Experimental Results (1969)

In this paper, the various inductance coefficients of three-phase inductor alternators have been theoretically calculated and compared with the results obtained from a test performed on the alternator. The results obtained from the test show a general agreement with the theory derived in [1]. The inductor alternators with an odd number of rotor teeth are found to be similar to ordinary synchronous alternators in respect to their inductance coefficients, but the inductor alternators with an even number of rotor teeth are quite dissimilar as shown in the simplified expressions developed here. The equations developed are also useful in analyzing these alternators under transient conditions.
Magnetic Tweezers (2011)

Abstract Magnetic tweezers is a technique that allows applying a constant pulling force and torque on a nucleic acid molecule while measuring its elongation in real time. By means of two magnets, the polymer is stretched and twisted between a magnetic bead and the surface of a glass cover slide. In the course of an experiment, the position of the magnetic bead is followed in real time while a buffer containing proteins, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), etc. is introduced in the experiment chamber. This approach has been used to study deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) condensation, mechanical properties of nucleic acids and dynamics of protein–DNA interactions. In this article an introduction to the Magnetic Tweezers technique is given and some examples of application presented. Key Concepts: Magnetic Tweezers allow stretching and twisting nucleic acids (NA) using magnetic microspheres and a magnetic field. An NA is attached at one end to a magnetic bead and at the other end to a transparent glass surface. The position of the bead is determined from the optical image given by a video camera. The force acting on the NA is calculated from the movements of the tethered magnetic bead. Magnetic Tweezers are used to study mechanical properties of NA and real‐time dynamics of protein–DNA interactions.
PIVoT: Project insights and Visualization Toolkit (2012)

An in-process view into a software development project's health is critical for its success. However, in services organizations, a typical software development team employs a heterogeneous set of tools based on client requirements through the different phases of the software project. The use of disparate tools with non-compatible outputs makes it very difficult to extract one coherent picture of the project's health and status. Existing project management tools either work at the process layer and rely on manually entered information, or are activity centric, without a holistic view. In this paper, we present PIVoT, a metric-based framework for automated, non-invasive, and in-process data collection and analysis in heterogeneous software project environments, that provides rich, multi-dimensional insights into the project's health and trajectory. Here, we introduce the different analyses, insights and metrics, and discuss their usage in typical software projects.
Phase III Trial of Two Versus Four Additional Cycles in Patients Who Are Nonprogressive After Two Cycles of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2007)

This study confirms the noninferiority of overall survival with four cycles compared with six cycles of chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC and supports the current American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines. Notably, patients receiving six cycles of chemotherapy compared with four cycles showed a favorable TTP, suggesting that further investigation of the new strategies of maintenance therapy with less toxic agents after three to four cycles of induction chemotherapy might be warranted to improve survival, with consideration of both ethnicity and pharmacogenomic signatures.
The Frequency of Perioperative Vision Loss (2001)

Vision loss and blindness after surgery and anesthesia is a very rare event. In this study, only one per 125,234 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery developed vision loss persisting for longer than 30 days.
A review of integrated analysis of production-distribution systems (1999)

This paper reviews recent work on integrated analysis of production-distribution systems, and identifies important areas where further research is needed. By integrated analysis we understand analysis performed on models that integrate decisions of different production and distribution functions for a simultaneous optimization. We review work that explicitly considers the transportation system in the analysis, since we are interested in the following questions: (i) how have logistics aspects been included in the integrated analysis? and (ii) what competitive advantages, if any, have been obtained from the integration of the distribution function to other production functions within a company and among different companies? In our review we also mention whether the work has been done at the strategic level, i.e., if it concerns the design of the distribution system, or at the tactical level, i.e., if it concerns optimization problems for which the characteristics of the distribution system are provided.
Reduction of Microbial Population in Cheese Whey by UV in a Single and Series Conventional Reactors (2006)

In this study, the effectiveness of two conventional UV reactors in series for the online sterilization of cheese whey was compared to that of a single conventional reactor. The single reactor and the two reactor series were tested at eleven flow rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 mL min� 1 ) and five flow rates, (35, 40, 50, 60, 70 mL min� 1 ), respectively. 100% destruction efficiency could not be achieved in the single reactor. When two reactors were connected in series, the destruction efficiency reached 100% at the flow rate of 35 mL min� 1 and lasted for 25 min. The temperature of the effluent decreased with the increase in flow rate in both systems. The rate of microbial destruction in the single reactor and the two reactor series was described by an exponential equation. The maximum effluent temperatures in the single reactor and the two reactor series were 45.8 and 36.0°C, respectively. The flow in both reactors was laminar (Re=1.39 at 5mL min� 1 and Re=
Feasibility Study Using Propensity Score Matching Methods for the Pseudo-Common Person Equating Requirement (2018)

We tested if a propensity score (PS) matching method supports the unidimensionality assumption of the Rasch model which is critical to link similar rehabilitation instruments. We obtained 1,013 respondents from the 2009 Hispanic Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly Frailty study. We used a unidimensional item pool of 10 SF-36 physical function and nine activities of daily living items. Subjects were matched based on their functionality (high and low), and exploratory factor analysis was used to test if the item pool in the matched sample holds the unidimensionality assumption. The study findings revealed that the matched sample demonstrated two distinct measurement structures with excellent model fit. This finding indicates that the PS matching did not mimic the common-person assumption. Therefore, the combination of PS matching and common-person equating method may not be appropriate to equate two rehabilitation-related instruments administered to two different groups.