gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling mobile health systems: an application of augmented MDA for the extended healthcare enterprise. (2006)

Mobile health systems can extend the enterprise computing system of the healthcare provider by bringing services to the patient any time and anywhere. We propose a model-driven design and development methodology for the development of the m-health components in such extended enterprise computing systems. The methodology applies a model-driven design and development approach augmented with formal validation and verification to address quality and correctness and to support model transformation. Work on modelling applications from the healthcare domain is reported. One objective of this work is to explore and elaborate the proposed methodology. At the University of Twente we are developing m-health systems based on body area networks (BANs). One specialization of the generic BAN is the health BAN, which incorporates a set of devices and associated software components to provide some set of health-related services. A patient has a personalized instance of the health BAN customized to their current set of needs. A health professional interacts with their patients' BANs via a BAN professional system. The set of deployed BANs are supported by a server. We refer to this distributed system as the BAN System. The BAN system extends the enterprise computing system of the healthcare provider. Development of such systems requires a sound software engineering approach and this is what we explore with the new methodology. The methodology is illustrated with reference to modelling activities targeted at real implementations. In the context of the awareness project BAN implementations are tested in a number of clinical settings including epilepsy management and management of chronic pain.
Investigating Smart Textiles Based on Shape Memory Materials (2007)

The emergence of high performance fibers and Smart textiles has led to the development of new textiles having sensing, adapting and reacting capabilities. Textile designers are exploring unorthodox areas for inspiration for the production of new and pioneering textiles. This paper investigates Smart aspects of textiles based on shape memory materials particularly for enhancing the aesthetics of woven interior textiles. Shape memory alloy and shape memory polymer have been modified to allow the materials to be incorporated into the woven structure. Through yarn spinning, hybrid blends have been produced; the aesthetic engineering of which has provided new woven textiles that are capable of sensing a temperature change and reacting by changing to a prescribed shape. Examples of applications for these new dynamic textiles will be described and discussed.
An Efficient Key-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme with Constant Ciphertext Length (2013)

There is an acceleration of adoption of cloud computing among enterprises. However, moving the infrastructure and sensitive data from trusted domain of the data owner to public cloud will pose severe security and privacy risks. Attribute-based encryption (ABE) is a new cryptographic primitive which provides a promising tool for addressing the problem of secure and fine-grained data sharing and decentralized access control. Key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE) is an important type of ABE, which enables senders to encrypt messages under a set of attributes and private keys are associated with access structures that specify which ciphertexts the key holder will be allowed to decrypt. In most existing KP-ABE scheme, the ciphertext size grows linearly with the number of attributes embedded in ciphertext. In this paper, we propose a new KP-ABE construction with constant ciphertext size. In our construction, the access policy can be expressed as any monotone access structure. Meanwhile, the ciphertext size is independent of the number of ciphertext attributes, and the number of bilinear pairing evaluations is reduced to a constant. We prove that our scheme is semantically secure in the selective-set model based on the general Diffie-Hellman exponent assumption.
Systematic Recovery and Analysis of Full-ORF Human cDNA Clones (2004)

The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) consortium (http://mgc.nci.nih.gov) seeks to establish publicly available collections of full-ORF cDNAs for several organisms of significance to biomedical research, including human. To date over 15,200 human cDNA clones containing full-length open reading frames (ORFs) have been identified via systematic expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of a diverse set of cDNA libraries; however, further systematic EST analysis is no longer an efficient method for identifying new cDNAs. As part of our involvement in the MGC program, we have developed a scalable method for targeted recovery of cDNA clones to facilitate recovery of genes absent from the MGC collection. First, cDNA is synthesized from various RNAs, followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of transcripts in 96-well plates using gene-specific primer pairs flanking the ORFs. Amplicons are cloned into a sequencing vector, and full-length sequences are obtained. Sequences are processed and assembled using Phred and Phrap, and analyzed using Consed and a number of bioinformatics methods we have developed. Sequences are compared with the Reference Sequence (RefSeq) database, and validation of sequence discrepancies is attempted using other sequence databases including dbEST and dbSNP. Clones with identical sequence to RefSeq or containing only validated changes will become part of the MGC human gene collection. Clones containing novel splice variants or polymorphisms have also been identified. Our approach to clone recovery, applied at large scale, has the potential to recover many and possibly most of the genes absent from the MGC collection.
Green electrogenerated chemiluminescence using a quinacridone derivative as a guest molecule (2021)

We have developed a solution-based green electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) cell using a quinacridone derivative, 5,12-dibutyl-1,3,8,10-tetramethylquinacridone (TMDBQA), as a fluorescent guest. 2-tert-Butyl-9,10-di(naphth-2-yl)anthracene (TBADN) and 4,4′-bis[4-(diphenylamino)styryl]biphenyl (BDAVBi) were used as host and assist dopant molecules, respectively, and dissolved in an organic solvent with the guest. When a direct current voltage of 5.5 V was applied, the microfluidic ECL cell, which has a 5-μm-thick microchannel sandwiched between two transparent electrodes, exhibited bright green emission from TMDBQA with a maximum luminance of 40.9 cd/m2 and a maximum current efficiency of 2.25 cd/A. However, if both TBADN and BDAVBi were absent from the solution, ECL emission was not observed. Thus, a possible mechanism for the efficient ECL emission of TMDBQA is proposed, involving a two-step energy transfer from TBADN through BDAVBi. We believe that the concept of host–guest solutions will be useful in developing novel light-emitting devices.
Sintering Crystalline Solids. II. Experimental Test of Diffusion Models in Powder Compacts (1961)

During sintering in alumina powder compacts, the density has been found to increase linearly with the logarithm of time, and the grain size increases with the one-third power of time. Incorporation of the time dependence of grain size increase into latestage bulk diffusion sintering models (from Part I) [R. L. Coble, J. Appl. Phys. 32, 787 (1961)] leads to corrected models by which a semilogarithmic behavior is predicted. The presence of density gradients in normally fabricated pellets makes impossible the deduction of whether theoretical density will be achieved from the early stages of the course of densification. Diffusion coefficients calculated from the intermediate and later stages of sintering bear order-of-magnitude agreement with those calculated from the initial-stage sintering measurements in alumina. All diffusion coefficients from sintering data are higher than Kingery's measured diffusion coefficients for oxygen. It is hypothesized that the sintering process must then be controlled by bulk diffusion of aluminum ions while the oxygen transport takes place along the grain boundaries. In controlling the sinterability of alumina to theoretical density, it appears that magnesia does not ``inhibit'' discontinuous grain growth, but instead increases the sintering rate such that discontinuous growth nuclei do not have time to form.
Effect of Target Size, Luminance, and Color on Monocular Fixation* (1965)

A contact-lens technique was used to record eye movements made by two subjects attempting to maintain fixation at the center of concentric round targets of several sizes (1.9′–87.2′ diam) and luminances (2.8, 7.8, and 21.5 mL). Fixation of red, blue, and white 1.9′-diam targets was also examined. Analysis-of-variance designs were employed to remove variability arising from sources other than these stimulus variables. Statistically reliable differences in mean fixation position were found with targets of different size, luminance, and color. The largest difference observed was less than 4′ and under most conditions was less than 2′. The bivariate dispersion of the eye about its mean position varied in a complex manner with the size and luminance of the target object. No statistically reliable effects of stimulus variables were found on drifts. Saccade frequency was considerably reduced with the largest targets. Results are discussed in terms of a “fixed error-signal system” for the control of eye position.
A study of power management techniques for Internet of Things (IoT) (2016)

Internet of Things (IoT) advances when regular ordinary objects have inter-connected microchips inside them. These microchips help stay informed concerning other objects, as well as a significant number of these devices sense their surroundings and report it to different machines and also to the people, so is the application of home environment. The viable significance of the IoT is made conceivable through enabling technologies, for example, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), essentially utilized for detecting operations. In any case, there is a principle prerequisite that makes a wireless sensing perfect for use in the IoT, which is the energy efficiency. Much of the time, the sensing devices are battery-powered, so low-power system is prime requirement. Several mechanisms can be adopted in order to reduce the power consumption while designing the devices that implement a wireless protocol. This paper has presented a comparative study of various energy efficient IoT techniques.
First Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Chiral 1,3-Dienylborates (1999)

W e report on the synthesis of bicyclic 1,3-dienylborates ( l a l l b and 2a/2b), wherein the boron and nitrogen atoms are chiral.The absolute configuration of these molecules was established by single X-Ray diffraction studies and qualitative homonuclear NOE difference spectroscopy.The conformational stability of these molecules is low at ambient or subambient temperature.The diastereomeric borates (2a12b) were found to be very reactive toward dienophiles in the Diels-Alder reaction.In this paper details are presented of the preparation.separation, and structural assignments of the first 1,3-dienylhorates containing chiral boron and nitrogen atoms.Preliminary studies show that these chiral molecules undergo Diel-Alder cycloaddition as donor-activated 1,3-dienes with electron-poor dienophiles.Treatment of (-)-ephedrine (3) with glyoxal in ethanol-water at -70 "C' led to the formation of chiral N-[l(S)-methyl-2(R)-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl]srcosine (5) in 85% yield (Scheme I).The carboxylic acid function was reduced with lithium aluminum hydride in THF at 60 "C2 to give N-[I(S)methyl-2(R)-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamine (6) in good yield.3-Methylbuta-1(E),3-dienyldiethoxyboronate (7) may he prepared by hydrohoration of 3-methyl-3-buten-I-yne (4)3 with (+)-diisopinocampheylborane in THF at 0 'C.4The hydroborated product was not isolated but directly treated with an excess of acetaldehyde (10 equiv.)affording 7 which was purified by distillation (60%).The reaction of the diene (7) with 5 in refluxing toluene led to a couple of diastereomers ( l a and
Elliptical basis function networks and radial basis function networks for speaker verification: a comparative study (2003)

It is well known that radial basis function (RBF) networks require a large number of function centers if the data to be modeled contain clusters with complicated shape. This paper proposes to overcome this problem by incorporating full covariance matrices into the RBF structure and to use the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the network parameters. The resulting networks, referred to as the elliptical basis function (EBF) networks, are applied to text-independent speaker verification. Experimental evaluations based on 258 speakers of the TIMIT corpus show that smaller size EBF networks with basis function parameters determined by the EM algorithm outperform the large RBF networks trained by the conventional approach.
The reaction of reduced xanthine oxidase with oxygen. Kinetics of peroxide and superoxide formation. (1981)

Product formation during the oxidation of xanthine oxidase has been examined directly by using cyto- chrome c peroxidase as a trapping agent for hydrogen peroxide and the reduction of cytochrome c as a measure of superoxide formation.When fully reduced enzyme is mixed with high concentrations of oxygen, 2 molecules of HzOz/flavin are produced rapidly, while 1 molecule of (&-/flavin is produced rapidly and another produced much more slowly.Time courses for superoxide formation and those for the absorbance changes due to enzyme oxidation were fitted successfully to the mechanism proposed earlier (Olson, J.
Osteotropic Agents Regulate the Expression of Osteoclast Differentiation Factor and Osteoprotegerin in Osteoblastic Stromal Cells (1998)

The osteoclastogenic factor of osteoblastic origin has recently been elucidated as a novel Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-ligand family member, termed osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF). Using a semiquantitative RT-PCR approach, we sought to determine the mRNA expression of ODF and its decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), in a selection of osteoblastic cell lines and in response to three factors representative of different signal transduction pathways, vitamin D receptor, protein kinase A or gp130. Each osteotropic agent, either 1,25-(OH)2D3, PTH or IL-11, promoted an increase in the ratio of ODF:OPG, with maximal stimulation occurring at 24 h, 4 h, and 8 h, respectively, and furthermore each was shown to act in a dose-dependent manner. This report establishes that osteoblastic cell lines incapable of supporting osteoclast formation have markedly reduced ODF expression and also illustrates the importance of the relative abundance of ODF compared with the levels of OPG for the induction of osteoclastogenesis.
Uterine luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin-binding sites in the early pregnant rat uterus: evidence for total occupancy in the periimplantation period. (1993)

We have investigated the presence of high affinity LH/hCG-binding sites (RLH) in crude membranes from early pregnant rats uteri. The uterine concentration of available RLH increased from day 1 to day 3 (1.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.4 fmol/mg protein) without a change in the affinity constant (approximately 5 x 10(10) M-1). However, unoccupied uterine RLH disappeared in the periimplantation period (days 4-6). To determine if the drop in available RLH was consecutive to their occupancy, uterine membranes were treated with acidified medium (25 mM Tris-HCl, and 5 mM MgCl2, pH 2.5) to remove endogenous ligand. The number and affinity of total (occupied plus available) RLH in acid-eluted membranes were estimated by Scatchard analysis of [125I]hCG binding and compared with those of available RLH in untreated membranes from the same uterine preparation. The uterine concentration of total RLH increased first between days 1 and 2 (2.2 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.8 fmol/mg protein), then between days 3 and 4 (4.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 6.5 +/- 0.8 fmol/mg protein), before plateauing until day 6. Thus, the reduction in the available uterine RLH in the periimplantation period is largely due to occupancy, rather than down-regulation, of RLH. The occupancy of uterine RLH 1) increased during early pregnancy (day 1, approximately 20%; days 2-3, approximately 40%; days 4-6, approximately 100%), 2) paralleled the increase in total RLH number, and 3) was probably due to pituitary LH only. However, the blastocyst itself seemed to influence uterine RLH occupancy, since available uterine RLH were detected on day 5 of pseudopregnancy. The increase in total uterine RLH as well as the perfect synchrony between their occupancy and the previously described pattern of uterine cAMP concentration during rat early pregnancy suggest that the response of uterine (and more precisely luminal epithelium) adenylate cyclase to LH (and/or related substance originating from embryo) may determine uterine receptivity for ovoimplantation and subsequent decidualization.
Baicalein reduces β‐amyloid and promotes nonamyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein processing in an Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model (2013)

Baicalein, a flavonoid isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, is known to modulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors. Given prior reports demonstrating benefits of GABAA modulation for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment, we wished to determine whether this agent might be beneficial for AD. CHO cells engineered to overexpress wild-type amyloid precursor protein (APP), primary culture neuronal cells from AD mice (Tg2576) and AD mice were treated with baicalein. In the cell cultures, baicalein significantly reduced the production of β-amyloid (Aβ) by increasing APP α-processing. These effects were blocked by the GABAA antagonist bicuculline. Likewise, AD mice treated daily with i.p. baicalein for 8 weeks showed enhanced APP α-secretase processing, reduced Aβ production, and reduced AD-like pathology together with improved cognitive performance. Our findings suggest that baicalein promotes nonamyloidogenic processing of APP, thereby reducing Aβ production and improving cognitive performance, by activating GABAA receptors.
Myxobacter AL-1 Protease II: Specific Peptide Bond Cleavage on the Amino Side of Lysine (1972)

A second extracellular protease from myxobacter strain AL-1 has been purified to homogeneity and named protease II; the enzyme crystallizes as fine needles. The extracellular, cell wall lytic protease reported previously from the same organism is now designated protease I. Protease II exhibits a pH optimum of 8.5 to 9.0 and is stable from pH 3.0 to 9.0. The enzyme is heat stable at 50 C for 18 hr. Results of sedimentation equilibrium studies yielded a molecular weight of 17,000, and amino acid analysis revealed 157 residues with a minimal molecular weight of 16,660. Cleavage of peptide bonds in the oxidized B-chain of insulin, cytochrome c (horse heart). lysozyme, and vasopressin is restricted to the amino side of lysine. Dilysine and trilysine were not hydrolyzed. Products from digestions of polylysine were lysine and dilysine.
Cathepsin-D in primary breast cancer: prognostic evaluation involving 2810 patients (1998)

There is controversy regarding the prognostic value of cathepsin-D in primary breast cancer. An increased level of cathepsin-D in tumour extracts has been found to be associated with a poor relapse-free and overall survival. Studies performed with immunohistochemistry or Western blotting have produced diverse results. We have analysed 2810 cytosolic extracts obtained from human primary breast tumours for cathepsin-D expression, and have correlated their levels with prognosis. The median follow-up of the patients still alive was 88 months. Patients with high cathepsin-D levels had a significantly worse relapse-free and overall survival, also in multivariate analysis (P < 0.0001). Adjuvant therapy which was associated with an improved prognosis in node-positive patients in univariate analysis, also significantly added to the multivariate models for relapse-free and overall survival. There were no statistically significant interactions between the levels of cathepsin-D and any of the classical prognostic factors in analysis for relapse-free survival, suggesting that the prognostic value of cathepsin-D is not different in the various subgroups of patients. Indeed, multivariate analyses in subgroups of node-negative and -positive patients, pre- and post-menopausal patients, and their combinations, showed that tumours with high cathepsin-D values had a significantly poor relapse-free survival, with relative hazard rates ranging from 1.3 to 1.5, compared with tumours with low cathepsin-D levels. The results presented here on 2810 patients confirm that high cytosolic cathepsin-D values are associated with poor prognosis in human primary breast cancer.
Random-Access Control Mechanisms Using Adaptive Traffic Load in ALOHA and CSMA Strategies for EDGE (2005)

In this paper, three random access control mechanisms based on the well-known Slotted ALOHA, NP-CSMA, and 1P-CSMA protocols are presented. The basic idea is to limit the number of transmissions and retransmissions at high traffic loads in order to minimize collisions while keeping system stability. A new medium-access control protocol called Adaptive Traffic Load (ATL) is proposed. With ATL, all users are assigned authorization of transmission probabilities that vary according to the prevailing average traffic conditions in the system. ATL ensures that the system throughput is kept constant at its maximum value regardless of the traffic load. A mathematical analysis to calculate the probability density function of the access delay in the ATL protocol under the assumption of infinite user population is also presented. Mean access delay follows increases exponentially with respect to the traffic load when conventional random access protocols are used. However, it follows a linear function with respect to the traffic load when ATL is used. The average traffic load of the system is an input of the ATL protocol in order to assign access authorization probabilities to all users attempting to access the network. A simple algorithm for traffic load estimation based on the probability of finding empty slots in the system within an estimation period is proposed in this paper to asses the average traffic load. In the numerical evaluations of ATL, the Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution (EDGE) system is considered as a case study. For high arrival rates, channel utilization can be low in EDGE even if the system has sufficient capacity to serve incoming data users. A mathematical analysis of ATL-Slotted ALOHA as well as ATL-CSMA is presented. In the case of ATL-CSMA, system throughput varies according to the cell size. Hence, the ATL protocol is evaluated in picocell, microcell and macrocell environments as recommended by ITU-R. Also, the performance of EDGE is evaluated in terms of average data rate and packet delay for both S-ALOHA and ATL S-ALOHA considering long range dependent traffic type.
Understanding how combinations of HLA and KIR genes influence disease (2005)

Combinations of HLA and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes have been associated with diseases as diverse as autoimmunity, viral infections, reproductive failure, and now cancer. Much as early observations of disease associations with HLA polymorphism preceded a detailed knowledge of HLA recognition by T cell receptors, the recently reported disease associations with HLA-KIR gene combinations beg for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms.