gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement and analysis of ambiguity functions of off-air signals for passive coherent location (2003)

Passive coherent location (PCL) radar systems make use of broadcast or communications ‘illuminators of opportunity’. To understand the performance limitations of this type of radar it is necessary to know the ambiguity properties of these waveforms, and how they vary with the form of modulation, and as a function of time. A set of off-air measurements of signals that might be used for PCL systems are presented and analysed.
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Multicasting With Random Passive Beamforming (2020)

In this letter, we consider a multicast system where a single-antenna transmitter sends a common message to multiple single-antenna users, aided by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) equipped with N passive reflecting elements. Prior works on IRS have mostly assumed the availability of channel state information (CSI) for designing its passive beamforming. However, the acquisition of CSI requires substantial training overhead that increases with N. In contrast, we propose in this letter a novel random passive beamforming scheme, where the IRS performs independent random reflection for Q ≥ 1 times in each channel coherence interval without the need of CSI acquisition. For the proposed scheme, we first derive a closed-form approximation of the outage probability, based on which the optimal Q with best outage performance can be efficiently obtained. Then, for the purpose of comparison, we derive a lower bound of the outage probability with traditional CSI-based passive beamforming. Numerical results show that a small Q is preferred in the high-outage regime (or with high rate target) and the optimal Q becomes larger as the outage probability decreases (or as the rate target decreases). Moreover, the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the CSI-based passive beamforming scheme with training overhead taken into consideration when N and/or the number of users are large, thus offering a promising CSI-free alternative to existing CSI-based schemes.
HOT WIRE CVD OF HETEROGENEOUS AND POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON SEMICONDUCTING THIN FILMS FOR APPLICATION IN THIN FILM TRANSISTORS AND SOLAR CELLS (2000)

Using Hot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HWCVD), also known as thermocatalytic decomposition, heterogeneous silicon thin films can be obtained with a widely varying degree of order and crystallinity. Specific parameter regimes have been identified which allow the deposition of films with a structure ranging from purely amorphous to fully polycrystalline. In polycrystalline Si, all hydrogen appears in isolated, compact monohydride bonds. A comparison of XTEM and Raman studies confirmed that the 2000 cm -1 infrared mode indeed originates from a completely crystalline region and that there is no amorphous tissue in these films. The 2000 cm -1 vibration is due to Si-H bonds at completely coalescent crystal faces (between adjacent crystals). In films with this type of crystallinity, oxygen incorporation is greatly reduced, both during growth and after completion. The heterogeneous growth has been utilized in two types of devices, thin film transistors (TFTs) and thin film solar cells. TFTs have been made exhibiting excellent stability. The field-effect channel of these transistors consists of amorphous silicon hosting nanocrystalline domains which yields TFTs with a high mobility of 1.5 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , virtually without the usual threshold voltage instabilities. Solar cells with an intrinsic poly-Si absorber layer have also been further optimized by deliberately profiling the active layer. A stepwise profiling sequence has been developed, starting from immediate-nucleation growth of small random crystallites to continued singly oriented growth of columnar polycrystalline material at a deposition rate of 5 A/s. These n-i-p solar cells on stainless steel substrates presently have 4.41 % conversion efficiency. The short circuit current density is as high as 19.95 mA/cm 2
Expression profiling and gene discovery in the mouse lens. (2003)

The present work has provided insights into global patterns of gene expression in the lens and the expression of a significant number of genes has been confirmed using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Genes preferentially expressed in the lens compared to non-lens tissues have been identified as well as genes differentially expressed between lenses at different ages. Gene expression profiling and gene discovery in the lens are essential prerequisites for future functional studies aimed at gaining insights into the potential roles of these genes in lens development, maturation, physiology, and pathogenesis (using targeted mutagenesis in mice, for instance).
Dexamethasone Downregulates Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 and Exerts Neuroprotection against Hypoxia/Ischemia-Induced Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats (2004)

The rapid enhancement in CXCR4 chemokine receptor binding in the affected brain areas suggests that SDF-1 alpha/CXCR4 may play a role in the hypoxia-induced inflammatory reaction in the neonatal brain. Attenuation of CXCR4 expression and astrogliosis could contribute to the neuroprotective effect of DEX pretreatment via influencing the inflammatory cascade induced by H/I in the neonatal brain.
Different Mode of Action of Ribonuclease H in Purified α and αβ Ribonucleic Acid-directed Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase from Avian Myeloblastosis Virus (1974)

Abstract The mechanism of action of ribonuclease H (RNase H) associated with the two structurally different RNA-directed DNA polymerases of avian myeloblastosis virus was studied. Both the two-subunit enzyme, αβ, and the single subunit enzyme, α, require free termini to initiate nuclease activity since they cannot cleave a covalently closed RNA-DNA duplex. The exoribonuclease activity of both α and αβ RNase H can degrade RNA of an RNA-DNA hybrid in the 3' → 5' and 5' → 3' directions, as shown by the use of [3H, 3'- or 5'-32P]poly(A)·poly(dT) as substrate. Two oligonucleotide species approximately 10 and 30 nucleotides long are generated by limited digestion of [3H]poly(A)·poly(dT) by both enzymes. But α and αβ possess a different mode of exoribonuclease activity. αβ RNA-directed DNA polymerase, as shown previously, has processive exoribonuclease activity which degrades one polyribonucleotide chain completely prior to initiating hydrolysis of a second chain. In contrast, α RNA-directed DNA polymerase has random exoribonuclease activity which results in the release of the substrate molecule after each chain scission. This conclusion is supported by two types of experiments: (a) while the degradation of radioactive substrate by αβ is unaffected by addition of unlabeled substrate after the reaction has been initiated, the degradation of the labeled polymer by α is immediately blocked, and (b) αβ degrades 3' and 5' end terminally labeled substrate at the same rate as the whole molecule, while α degrades the end terminal nucleotides at a much faster rate than the whole molecule. The β subunit of αβ may facilitate tighter binding of the enzyme to the substrate resulting in a processive mode of nuclease activity.
Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films on SrRuO3/Pt/MgO (1994)

Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) thin films were deposited on (100) MgO using platinum and SrRuO3 (SRO) buffer layers by pulsed laser deposition. The films were (001) textured normal to substrate surface with a high degree of in-plane orientation with respect to the substrate’s major axes. YBCO films showed superconducting transition temperature (Tco) at 91 K and critical current densities were found to be 2–3×106 A/cm2 at 77 K and zero field. An ion beam minimum channeling yield of 16% was obtained for YBCO films, indicating high crystallinity. The orientation relationship for this epitaxial multilayer structure was found to be (100) YBCO∥(100) SRO∥(100)Pt∥(100) MgO. This result showed that high-quality superconducting thin films can be deposited on metal with an appropriate buffer layer.
Towards context-aware search with right click (2014)

Many queries are submitted to search engines by right-clicking the marked text (i.e., the query) in Web browsers. Because the document being read by the searcher often provides sufficient contextual information for the query, search engine could provide much more relevant search results if the query is augmented by the contextual information captured from the source document. How to extract the right contextual information from the source document is the main focus of this study. To this end, we evaluate 7 text component extraction schemes, and 5 feature extraction schemes. The former determines from which text component (e.g., title, meta-data, or paragraphs containing the selected query) to extract contextual information; the latter determines which words or phrases to extract. In total 35 combinations are evaluated and our evaluation results show that noun phrases extracted from all paragraphs that contain the query word is the best option.
A Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) gD Mutant Impaired for Neural Tropism Is Superior to an HSV-2 gD Subunit Vaccine To Protect Animals from Challenge with HSV-2 (2015)

Genital herpes simplex is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases. Though HSV-2 disease is usually mild, it can be life threatening in neonates and immunocompromised persons. In addition, genital herpes increases the frequency of HIV infection and transmission. HSV-2 maintains a latent infection in sensory neurons and cannot be cleared with antiviral drugs. The virus frequently reactivates, resulting in virus shedding in the genital area, which serves as a source for transmission. A prophylactic vaccine is needed to prevent disease and to control the spread of the virus. Previous human trials of subunit vaccines have been unsuccessful. Here we report the results of vaccinating mice with a new type of live attenuated HSV-2 vaccine that is impaired for infection of neurons and provides better protection of mice than that obtained with a subunit vaccine. The strategy of altering the cell tropism of a virus is a new approach for a live attenuated vaccine.
Discourse Markers in Task Interaction: A Comparison Between Korean EFL Learners and Native Speakers (2014)

In the current small scale study, turn-initial discourse markers were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods for frequency and...
Reinforced Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) Grafts for Haemodialysis (1978)

Twenty-five vascular grafts made of expanded reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were inserted as arteriovenous fistulae in 20 patients requiring intermittent haemodialysis. Thirteen grafts were placed in the forearm, either as a looped or straight configuration, and 12 straight grafts were placed in the thigh. Whereas only 45% of the forearm grafts functioned adequately, 92% of the thigh grafts supported haemodialysis satisfactorily. It is suggested that when a vascular graft for haemodialysis is required, then an arteriovenous connection of expanded PTFE placed in the thigh achieves reasonable success.
Study on the pH Changes of Microalgae (Tetraselmis Chuii) Cultivated in Newly Developed Closed Photobioreactor using Natural Sunlight and Artificial Light (2013)

Microalgae are one of the most dependable source of renewable energy but high land requirement to build raceway pond for microalgae mass culture has been one of the major setback which limits the exploitation of microalgae. In order to overcome the problem, a modified design of photobioreactor was developed which enable efficient light distribution inside the photobioreactor and can fully optimize the space when scaled up. This study was conducted to determine the effect of sunlight and artificial light on the pH level of T.chuii cultivated in closed system photobioreactor. T.chuii cultivated using artificial light shows higher pH value on 3 rd and 15 th day which is 8.73 and 8.76 compared to T.chuii cultivated using sunlight (on 3 rd day – highest pH value 8.69 and on 15 th day – highest pH value 8.50). The result suggests T.chuii cultivated in photobioreactor using artificial light receives consistent light to undergo photosynthesis process compared to T.chuii cultivated using sunlight. Keywords: Microalgae ; Renewable energy; pH ; Photosynthesis; Light
Epitaxial Growth of Crack-Free GaN on Patterned Si(111) Substrate (2008)

High-quality GaN epilayers were grown on patterned Si(111) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Crack-free GaN epilayers were obtained by growing the GaN on the plateau of the patterned Si(111) substrate. A high-temperature AlN buffer layer improved the crystalline quality of the GaN epilayer. When the growth temperature of the AlN buffer layer was 1000 °C, the GaN epitaxial layer showed a smooth surface and high crystalline quality. The dislocation density of the subsequently grown GaN layer was 2×109 cm-2, which is comparable to those of conventional GaN epilayers grown on sapphire substrate.
Proteasome Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy (2004)

The proteasome is a multicatalytic enzyme complex responsible for the majority of protein degradation in cells. Traditionally believed to be a mere recycler of damaged or misfolded proteins, the proteasome’s importance in modulating cell cycle and survival pathways is now recognized. By degrading regulatory proteins, the proteasome helps to remove signals that promote transcription, cell growth, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion. Preclinical studies have found that agents that inhibit the proteasome’s activity will promote cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis in tumor cells, thus establishing the proteasome as a promising potential target for anticancer therapy (1). This evidence has led to the examination of these compounds for the treatment of human cancer, and one such proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (VELCADE TM , formerly PS-341, LDP-341, MLN341), has entered human clinical trials.
A parallel pipelined relational query processor (1984)

This paper presents the design of a relational query processor. The query processor consists of only four processing PIPEs and a number of random-access memory modules. Each PIPE processes tuples of relations in a bit-serial, tuple-parallel manner for each of the primitive database operations which comprise a complex relational query. The design of the query processor meets three major objectives: the query processor must be manufacturable using existing and near-term LSI (VLSI) technology; it must support in a uniform manner both the numeric and nonnumeric processing requirements a high-level user interface like SQL presents; and it must support the query-processing strategy derived in the query optimizer to satisfy certain system-wide performance optimality criteria.
MyRestaurant: A Smart Restaurant with a Recommendation System (2019)

In this paper, we discuss, in an internet of things environment, our solution regarding context management in the area of food services. We propose a system that automates the different services offered in a restaurant and connects the various equipment of this restaurant, in order to simplify and facilitate the work of employees using this system. We also have integrated a content-based recommendation module, that is based on the use of a similarity measure to keep track of the client order history in order to suggest or recommend to him similar dishes for his next orders.
La prescripción en algunos delitos leves: un caso de clínica jurídica (2016)

La supresion de las faltas y la creacion de los delitos leves constituyen dos de las numerosas novedades introducidas en el codigo penal tras la Reforma del ano 2015. Estas dos modificaciones, sin embargo, quedan solapadas en un caso: cuando las faltas han sido transformadas en delito leve.
Automated generation of enforcement mechanisms for semantically-rich security policies in Java-based multi-agent systems (2004)

Policies are being increasingly used for controlling the behavior of complex systems (including agent systems). The use of policies allows administrators to specify agent permissions and obligations without changing source code or requiring the consent or cooperation of the entities being governed. Past approaches to policy representation have been restrictive in many ways. By way of contrast, semantically-rich policy representations can reduce human error, simplify policy analysis, reduce policy conflicts, and facilitate interoperability. However, semantically-rich policies increase the complexity of fielding policy-governed multi-agent systems. This paper discusses some technical challenges to automatically enforce semantically-rich security policies in Java-based multi-agent systems and presents an engineering approach for addressing some of these challenges. We have developed a first implementation that allows to enforce OWL policies represented using the KAoS policy framework into multi-agent systems built on top of the JDK1.4. The proposed solution allows to control the behavior of agents at a high level of abstraction and exploits the security mechanisms provided by the Java authentication and authorization service (JAAS) to enforce OWL policies.
Single-mode dispersion compensator for 1.31/1.55-μm long-haul communication lines (1993)

The commercial long-haul communication lines available now are meant for signal transmission at 1.31 μm and use optimized standard single-mode fibers. However, the 1.55-µm transmission wavelength is more promising since this wavelength coincides with the minimum-optical-loss spectral range of fused-silica-based fibers. Recently developed erbium-doped-fiber amplifiers are capable of compensating fiber loss in the wavelength region around 1.55 µm, which permits this wavelength to be used for long-haul signal transmission. Thus for standard fibers (SF’s) with a 1.31-µm zero-dispersion wavelength the shift to the 1.55-µm transmission area with -17 ps nm−1 km−1 chromatic dispersion leads to considerable dispersion signal broadening. Therefore an important problem is the creation of a dispersion compensator (DC) that would eliminate the limitations imposed by chromatic dispersion in single-mode fiber spans operating in the wavelength area around 1.55 µm.1
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2002)

Acute complications such as veno-occlusive disease of the liver, acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), and infectious conditions remain major obstacles for the success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Progress in allogeneic HSCT depends on several factors, including the adequate prevention and management of associated complications, advances in the conventional management of diseases currently treated with allogeneic HSCT, expansion of the donor pool, selective control of GVHD, development of more effective preparative regimens to eradicate the neoplastic cell population, characterization of a new generation of hematopoietic growth factors and cytokines, and development of newer techniques for ex vivo manipulation of stem cells. Hematopoietic growth factor-mobilized donor progenitor cells collected from peripheral blood have been shown to be associated with rapid hematopoietic engraftment without an increase in the incidence of acute GVHD compared with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Implementation of this approach will enhance donor acceptance, eliminate the risk of general anesthesia, decrease cost, and reduce the risk of infectious complications by reducing the duration of neutropenia. Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation represents a novel treatment approach that may lead to reduced toxic effects and extended use of this treatment in older patients and in those with malignant and nonmalignant disorders. However, GVHD and disease recurrence remain a challenge. Promising results have been reported in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies and in metastatic renal cell cancer. Because late complications are commonly encountered in patients receiving allogeneic HSCT, lifelong observation is needed.
The Sounds of Silence: Roland Barthes (2005)

This chapter discusses the work by Roland Barthes. The question that Barthes puts in the opening pages of La chambre claire (Camera Lucida) offers an apt illustration of the paradox which underlies the conversation with the dead. His famous essay, ‘The Death of the Author’, is reported. Barthes' subject in this text is not so much the author as a living person, the concept that is invoked by literary critics in order to solve a number of problems surrounding the interpretation of texts. The act of writing as a metempsychosis without a soul is evaluated. It was only in Michelet's texts that the dead were given the voice they lacked during so much of their lives. Barthes would have appreciated the irony of Jorge Luis Borges' words and would have rewritten them in tribute to the master.
Properties and reactions of manganese methylene complexes in the gas phase. The importance of strong metal-carbene bonds for effective olefin metathesis catalysts (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties and reactions of manganese methylene complexes in the gas phase. The importance of strong metal-carbene bonds for effective olefin metathesis catalystsAmy E. Stevens and J. L. BeauchampCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 21, 6449–6450Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00515a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00515a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The mode of evolution of aggregation pheromones in <i>Drosophila</i> species (2005)

Aggregation pheromones are used by fruit flies of the genus Drosophila to assemble on breeding substrates, where they feed, mate and oviposit communally. These pheromones consist of species-specific blends of chemicals. Here, using a phylogenetic framework, we examine how differences among species in these pheromone blends have evolved. Theoretical predictions, genetic evidence, and previous empirical analysis of bark beetle species, suggest that aggregation pheromones do not evolve gradually, but via major, saltational shifts in chemical composition. Using pheromone data for 28 species of Drosophila we show that, unlike with bark beetles, the distribution of chemical components among species is highly congruent with their phylogeny, with closely related species being more similar in their pheromone blends than are distantly related species. This pattern is also strong within the melanogaster species group, but less so within the virilis species group. Our analysis strongly suggests that the aggregation pheromones of Drosophila exhibit a gradual, not saltational, mode of evolution. We propose that these findings reflect the function of the pheromones in the ecology of Drosophila, which does not hinge on species specificity of aggregation pheromones as signals.