gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transfer of Sjögren's syndrome‐like autoimmune lesions into SCID mice and prevention of lesions by anti‐CD4 and anti‐T cell receptor antibody treatment (1994)

We describe the successful transfer of murine Sjögren's syndrome-like autoimmune lesions from MRL/lpr mice (H-2k) to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice (H-2d) and prevention of lesions by anti-CD4 and -T cell receptor V beta 8 antibody treatment. Mononuclear cells (1 x 10(6)) isolated from the inflamed submandibular salivary gland tissues of MRL/lpr mice were transferred intraperitoneally into SCID mice. Autoimmune lesions resembling those seen in Sjögren's syndrome developed in the salivary and lacrimal glands of SCID mice 8 weeks after the injection, whereas other organs did not show any lesion. This pathology resembles Sjögren's syndrome in humans involving both the salivary and lacrimal glands. Immunohistochemically, a major proportion of these infiltrating cells in transferred SCID mice were CD4+ and V beta 8+. When the spleen cells from MRL/lpr mice were injected, severe inflammatory lesions, probably resulting from a graft-versus host reaction, were observed in multiple organs of SCID mice. The disease could not be induced by intraperitoneal administration of the sera from MRL/lpr mice, or of the spleen cells from C3H/He (H-2k) and BALB/c (H-2d) mice. We detected autoantibody production specific for the salivary gland tissue in sera from transferred SCID mice. Moreover, we found that the lesions were prevented by administration of the isolated cells treated in vitro with anti-CD4 and anti-V beta 8 monoclonal antibodies. These results suggest that CD4- and V beta 8-bearing T cells are involved in recognizing an autopeptide and triggering autoimmunity in the salivary and lacrimal glands, and therapies designed with anti-CD4 and anti-V beta 8 antibodies may prove effective in treating the murine autoimmune disease.
The effect of the electric field on lag-phase, ethanol and β-galactosidase production of a recombinant S. cerevisiae growing on lactose (2005)

The production of ethanol and β-galactosidase from cheese whey and other sub-products from industries can be a good way of minimizing environmental problems and producing valuable products from low-cost raw materials. A recombinant S. cerevisiae NCYC869-A3/pVK1.1 flocculent strain expressing the lacA gene (coding for β-galactosidase) of Aspergillus niger under ADHI promotor and terminator was used in the experiments, once this strains has higher ethanol and β-galactosidase productivities. Batch culture experiments were performed in SSlactose medium with 50 g/L lactose. A 2 dm3 bioreactor with agitation, temperature and pH measurement and control, was used. The experiments were conducted under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The temperature was maintained at 30 ◦C and the pH at 4.0. Moreover, electrodes were placed inside the bioreactor and experiments were conducted at three different electric fields, ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 V.cmˉ¹ to determine the effect of the electric field in the fermentation profile. For all the experiments the biomass, protein, β-galactosidase activity, lactose, glucose, galactose and ethanol were measured. Finally, the lag phase and specific growth rate were calculated. Significant changes in lag phase and biomass yields were found when using 2.0V.cmˉ¹. The results show that ohmic heating enhances early stages of the fermentation, indicating that ohmically heated fermentations may be extremely useful in food industry.
Ueber die Concentration von Wärme‐ und Lichtstrahlen und die Gränzen ihrer Wirkung (1864)

dacht werden kdnneu, sich durch Reibung oder anderc der Reibong Hhnliche Bewegungshindernisse in Warme, d. h. in Bewegungen der kleinsten Theilcheu, umsetzen; und wenn ferner die Warme stets das Bestreben zeigt, ihrr Vertheilung in der Weise zu h d e r n , dafs dadurch die bestehenden Temperaturdifferenzen ausgeglichen werden,
Time-domain convolution of one-bit coded radar signals (1991)

The compression of the radar signal is considered when the latter and the reference function are both coded at one bit. A sound theory is provided, which describes the performance of hardlimited signals for pulse compression, the effect of noise and the opportunity for fast convolution methods in time domain. The theory is supported by numerical examples on simulated data. Preliminary considerations regarding the use of dedicated hardware are included.
Isoproterenol/tannin-dependent R15 expression in transgenic mice is mediated by an upstream parotid control region. (1993)

Transgenic mice were used to locate the cis-acting DNA elements that are essential for tissue-specific and inducible expression of the rat proline-rich protein gene, R15. Chimeric genes with up to 10 kb of R15 5'-flanking region fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) or polyomaviral large T-antigen (PyLT) reporter genes were tested. Our results demonstrate that (1) the isoproterenol/tannin-inducible, parotid-specific transgene expression requires an upstream cis-regulatory domain, namely the parotid control region, which extends from -6 to -1.7 kb of the R15 gene; (2) this parotid control region functions with a heterologous promoter and is indispensable for achieving a reproducible chromosomal position-independent transgene expression; (3) deletion of the R15 5'-flanking region up to -1.7 kb results in a pleiotropic effect on the transgene expression, which includes ectopic (nonsalivary) reporter expression and lack of inducibility by either the beta-agonist isoproterenol or dietary tannin stimulation; (4) when the -10 to -6 kb region from the R15 gene is deleted in the construct, the inducible expression in the parotid glands of the transgenic mice decreases by over 30-fold, but position-independent and tissue-specific transgene expression is retained. Moreover, the mechanism of induction by either catecholamine isoproterenol or dietary tannin appears to be through a beta 1-adrenergic receptor-mediated pathway for both normal (non-transgenic) and transgenic animals.
Multiple Spectral–Spatial Classification Approach for Hyperspectral Data (2010)

A new multiple-classifier approach for spectral–spatial classification of hyperspectral images is proposed. Several classifiers are used independently to classify an image. For every pixel, if all the classifiers have assigned this pixel to the same class, the pixel is kept as a marker, i.e., a seed of the spatial region with a corresponding class label. We propose to use spectral–spatial classifiers at the preliminary step of the marker-selection procedure, each of them combining the results of a pixelwise classification and a segmentation map. Different segmentation methods based on dissimilar principles lead to different classification results. Furthermore, a minimum spanning forest is built, where each tree is rooted on a classification-driven marker and forms a region in the spectral–spatial classification map. Experimental results are presented for two hyperspectral airborne images. The proposed method significantly improves classification accuracies when compared with previously proposed classification techniques.
Photochemistry of acetylacetonato-, trifluoroacetylacetonato-, and hexafluoroacetylacetonato-dicarbonyl-rhodium and -iridium complexes in frozen gas matrices at 12 K. Infrared spectroscopic evidence for carbon monoxide dissociation and chelate ring-opening processes (1982)

Infrared spectroscopic evidence, including 13CO labelling and energy-factored CO force-field fitting, is presented to show that on photolysis of [M(CO)2L](L = RCOCHCOR′; R,R′= CH3 or CF3; M = Rh or Ir) complexes at high dilution in CH4, Ar, CO, and N2 matrices at 12 K new species [M(CO)L], [M(CO)2(L*)](L*= unidentate form of L), and [M(CO)(N2)L] are produced. The results are discussed in relation to the mechanisms of thermal reactions in solution. In particular, the reversibility of the reaction [M(CO)2L]⇌[M(CO) L]+ CO and the dominance of this reaction indicates that the hitherto discounted dissociative pathway should be reconsidered. Some evidence is also found for the chelate ring opening to give [ M(CO)2(L*)] species, but no evidence was found for expanded-co-ordination-number species corresponding to the previously proposed associative mechanism for ligand-exchange and substitution reactions.
Dynamic video tracking monitoring system based on human-computer interaction technology (2012)

This design is purposed to develop a kind of dynamic video tracking monitoring system involved video tracking technology, 3G wireless transmission network, and intelligent human-computer interaction based on touch screen technology. This design has introduced the intelligent human-computer interaction based on touch screen technology, which benefits users to lock the target and relocate it when it gets lost. The hardware configurations of this system include monitoring-side and server-side. To increase the detection efficiency and accuracy of this system, this design creatively puts forward the target detection algorithm based on time and space dependence to conduct video tracking at the monitoring-side. Until now, it is rare to see such products or designs that use similar technologies.
Protein disulfide-isomerase in rat exocrine pancreatic cells is exported from the endoplasmic reticulum despite possessing the retention signal. (1990)

Recently we found by immunogold electron microscopy that protein disulfide-isomerase (PDI), a major resident protein in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of many cells, is exceptionally localized in rat exocrine pancreatic cells not only in the ER but also in plasma membranes and other organelles along secretory pathway (Akagi, S., Yamamoto, A., Yoshimori, T., Masaki, R., Ogawa, R., and Tashiro, Y. (1988) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 36, 1069-1074). These observations suggest that another type of PDI, e.g. one with a defective ER retention signal, might exist and be transported in the exocrine pancreatic cells. We therefore compared biochemical and immunochemical properties of the transported PDI with the authentic ER resident PDI. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing showed that the former was indistinguishable from the latter. We prepared a polyclonal antibody against the synthetic hexapeptide, which corresponds to the carboxyl terminus of PDI containing the putative ER retention signal "KDEL." The epitopes of this antibody (anti-KDEL antibody) were located within the KDEL sequence. Anti-KDEL antibody reacted with PDI in both the plasma membranes and the ER of rat pancreatic cells in immunoblot analysis as well as in immunogold electron microscopy. These results suggest that PDI exported from the ER to the plasma membranes in rat exocrine pancreatic cells possesses the KDEL sequence.
Expression of the ferric enterobactin receptor (PfeA) of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: involvement of a two‐component regulatory system (1993)

Expression of the ferric enterobactin receptor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is inducible by enterobactin and requires sequences upstream of the structural gene (pfeA). Nucleotide sequencing of a 2.5 kilobase pair (kb) region of DNA immediately upstream of pfeA revealed two open reading frames (ORFs), pfeR and pfeS, which appeared to comprise an operon. The predicted products of pfeR and pfeS (molecular weight 26,796 and 50,597, respectively) exhibited a high degree of homology to response-regulator and sensor components, respectively, of the superfamily of prokaryotic environmentally responsive protein pairs. Consistent with an apparent role in regulating expression of pfeA in response to enterobactin, introduction of pfeR/pfeS into P. aeruginosa on a high-copy-number vector enhanced enterobactin-dependent expression of pfeA. Furthermore, a pfeR mutant obtained by in vitro mutagenesis and gene replacement failed to express PfeA despite the presence of enterobactin in the culture medium. Analysis of the hydropathy profiles of PfeR and PfeS supported a cytoplasmic location for PfeR and a cytoplasmic membrane location for PfeS.
Online unbalanced rotor fault detection of an IM drive based on both time and frequency domain analyses (2015)

Effective maintenance program provides incipient fault detection of rotating machines which reduces interim, unscheduled and excessive maintenance actions. By applying suitable online condition monitoring accompanied with signal processing techniques, machines irregularity can be detected at early stage. Therefore, this paper presents an online unbalanced rotor fault detection of an induction motor (IM). Characteristic features of motor current and vibration signals are analyzed in time domain as a fault diagnosis technique which is a key parameter to the fault threshold. Motor current and vibration signal analyses are also done based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Hilbert Transform (HT) and Envelope Detection (ED) with low pass filter method to detect the severity of the fault and its possible location under different load conditions. The effectiveness of the electrical and mechanical fault detections based on FFT, HT and ED analyses are verified using the captured experimental data while the motor is running under different load conditions. The magnitudes of the spectral components are extracted for the pattern reorganization of the fault. Techniques are used under normal and unbalanced rotor conditions to a 3-phase, 2 pole, 0.246 KW, 60 Hz, 2950 rpm IM drive.
Modeling of parasitic effects for flip-chip SAW filters (2002)

An equivalent circuit with parasitics is described to predict stop band frequency response of flip-chip surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters, 3.2/spl times/2.5 mm/sup 2/ and 2.5/spl times/2.0 mm/sup 2/ in size. An input to output coupling capacitance and a common ground inductor provide a distinct trap response in the stop band. In order to improve the stop band response of the filter, a design technique utilizing parasitics is proposed.
Combinational Logic Soft Error Correction (2006)

We present two techniques for correcting radiation-induced soft errors in combinational logic - error correction using duplication, and error correction using time-shifted outputs. Simulation results show that both techniques reduce combinational logic soft error rate by more than an order of magnitude. Soft errors affecting sequential elements (latches and flip-flops) at combinational logic outputs are automatically corrected using these techniques
Adaptive-learning neuron integrated circuits using metal-ferroelectric (SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/)-semiconductor (MFS) FET's (1999)

An adaptive-learning neuron circuit was fabricated for the first time by integrating a metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor (MFS) FET and a complementary unijunction transistor (CUJT) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure. SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/ (SBT) was selected as a ferroelectric gate material and it was deposited by liquid source misted chemical deposition (LSMCD) method. In fabrication of the circuit, a new selective etchant, NH/sub 4/F:HCl, was used to remove the unnecessary SBT film, since it was found from preliminary experiments that the parasitic ferroelectric capacitors prevented normal operation of the circuit. It was found that the drain current of the MFSFET was changed gradually by applying a number of input pulses with a sufficiently short duration time of 20 ns. The gradual change in the output pulse frequency of the neuron circuit was also demonstrated as the number of input pulses was increased.
Correlation of plasma propranolol concentration with therapeutic response in patients with angina pectoris. (1975)

The therapeutic response to propranolol was evaluated in patients with documented coronary artery disease at doses varying from 40 to 320 mg/day. Therapeutic response was quantified by evaluating exercise performance on a treadmill and then related to plasma propranolol concentration. Plasma propranolol was defined in terms of beta-adrenergic blockade by comparison with dose (concentration) response curves in normal subjects. Individual therapeutic benefit occurred at doses which averaged 144 +/- 21 mg/day and at concentrations which averaged 30 +/- 7 ng/ml. There was a wide variation between both dose and concentration among the patients at maximum therapeutic response, but when the plasma propranolol was related to pharmacologic activity, the maximum therapeutic response was observed between 64 to 98% of total blockade. Despite the increased exercise performance in these patients, the double product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure was always less, suggesting either an alteration of the relation between myocardial oxygen consumption and the double product during propranolol or a reduction on oxygen delivery to the myocardium as the result of beta-adrenergic blockade of the coronary vasculature.
Degradation of vinylidene chloride co‐polymers in solution (1949)

Abstract It has been shown 1 that most degradation processes in vinyl polymers can be regarded as polymerization processes in reverse, both occurring by means of a radical mechanism. Under certain experimental conditions, both aggregative and disaggragative processes can proceed simultaneously. The experiments to be described constitute a specific example of the degradation by a radical mechanism of a vinyl halide co‐polymer in solution. 2 Dilute solutions of the co‐polymer were used, and the experimental conditions are such that the aggregative reactions are suppressed, while the disaggregative or degradation reactions arc accentuated. The experiments arose from an observation made in the course of some work involving solutions of a vinylidene chloride co‐polymer, when it was found that solutions of the co‐polymer in tetrahydro‐furan showed a reduction in viscosity when aged at temperatures about 50° c., or above.
High-efficiency ventilated metamaterial absorber at low frequency (2018)

We demonstrate a ventilated metamaterial absorber operating at low frequency (&lt;500 Hz). With only two layers of absorption units, high-efficiency absorption (&gt;90%) has been achieved in both simulations and experiments. This high-efficiency absorption under the ventilation condition originates from the weak coupling of two identical split tube resonators constituting the absorber, which leads to the hybridization of the degenerate eigenmodes and breaks the absorption upper limit of 50% for conventional transmissive symmetric acoustic absorbers. The absorber can also be extended to an array and work in free space. The absorber should have potential applications in acoustic engineering where both noise reduction and ventilation are required.
Pricing of Reinsurance Contracts in the Presence of Catastrophe Bonds (2010)

Abstract A methodology for pricing of reinsurance contracts in the presence of a catastrophe bond is developed. An important advantage of this approach is that it allows for the pricing of reinsurance contracts consistent with the observed market prices of catastrophe bonds on the same underlying risk process. Within the proposed methodology, an appropriate financial pricing formula is derived, under a market implied risk neutral probability measure for both a catastrophe bond and an aggregate excess of loss reinsurance contract, using a generalised Fourier transform. Efficient numerical methods for the evaluation of this formula, such as the Fast Fourier transform and Fractional Fast Fourier transform, are considered. The methodology is illustrated on several examples including Pareto and Gamma claim severities.
Statistical variability in nonlinear spaces: application to shape analysis and dt-mri (2004)

Statistical descriptions of anatomical geometry play an important role in many medical image analysis applications. For instance, geometry statistics are useful in understanding the structural changes in anatomy that are caused by growth and disease. Classical statistical techniques can be applied to study geometric data that are elements of a linear space. However, the geometric entities relevant to medical image analysis are often elements of a nonlinear manifold, in which case linear multivariate statistics are not applicable. This dissertation presents a new technique called principal geodesic analysis for describing the variability of data in nonlinear spaces. Principal geodesic analysis is a generalization of a classical technique in linear statistics called principal component analysis, which is a method for computing an efficient parameterization of the variability of linear data. A key feature of principal geodesic analysis is that it is based solely on intrinsic properties, such as the notion of distance, of the underlying data space. 
The principal geodesic analysis framework is applied to two driving problems in this dissertation: (1) statistical shape analysis using medial representations of geometry, which is applied within an image segmentation framework via posterior optimization of deformable medial models, and (2) statistical analysis of diffusion tensor data intended as a tool for studying white matter fiber connection structures within the brain imaged by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging. It is shown that both medial representations and diffusion tensor data are best parameterized as Riemannian symmetric spaces, which are a class of nonlinear manifolds that are particularly well-suited for principal geodesic analysis. While the applications presented in this dissertation are in the field of medical image analysis, the methods and theory should be widely applicable to many scientific fields, including robotics, computer vision, and molecular biology.
Reduction of Phenoxyl Radicals by Thioredoxin Results in Selective Oxidation of Its SH-Groups to Disulfides. An Antioxidant Function of Thioredoxin (1995)

Thioredoxin is an important cellular redox buffer. In this report, we describe the reaction of thioredoxin with phenoxyl radicals. The vicinal sulfhydryls of the bis(cysteinyl) active site sequence reduced phenoxyl radicals released in horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of phenol. Redox cycling of phenol was accompanied by selective oxidation of thioredoxin sulfhydryls to disulfides. HPLC/UV-vis measurements showed that the SH:phenol oxidation ratio was 15:1 under the conditions used. At the end of the reaction, oxidized thioredoxin was quantitatively recovered in the reduced form with dithiothreitol. Oxidation of sulfhydryls to sulfoxy derivatives, oxidation of other amino acid residues, and formation of covalent adducts with phenolic metabolites (quinones) were not detected by LC-MS. While the thiyl radical of glutathione was readily detected with the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide, no ESR-detectable DMPO-thiyl adducts formed during the oxidation of thioredoxin. Similarly, oxidation of vicinal sulfhydryls of dihydrolipoic acid did not produce DMPO-thiyl spin adducts, indicating that fast intramolecular cyclization to disulfide occurred with thioredoxin. Measurements of the superoxide dismutase-sensitive chemiluminescence response of lucigenin demonstrated that thioredoxin oxidation was accompanied by release of superoxide, most likely via disulfide radical anion-mediated one-electron reduction of oxygen. We propose that formation of disulfides is characteristic of the phenoxyl radical-catalyzed oxidation of vicinal sulfhydryls in both small thiols and disulfide-forming oxidoreductases. Reversibility of the phenoxyl radical-catalyzed modification of thioredoxin may be responsible for its function as an efficient cytosolic antioxidant.