gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment and Planning with Bidirectional Reachability for Autonomous Driving (2019)

Knowing and predicting dangerous factors within a scene are two key components during autonomous driving, especially in a crowded urban environment. To navigate safely in environments, risk assessment is needed to quantify and associate the risk of taking a certain action. Risk assessment and planning is usually done by first tracking and predicting trajectories of other agents, such as vehicles and pedestrians, and then choosing an action to avoid collision in the future. However, few existing risk assessment algorithms handle occlusion and other sensory limitations effectively. This paper explores the possibility of efficient risk assessment under occlusion via both forward and backward reachability. The proposed algorithm can not only identify where the risk-induced factors are, but also be used for motion planning by executing low-level commands, such as throttle. The proposed method is evaluated on various four-way highly occluded intersections with up to five other vehicles in the scene. Compared with other risk assessment algorithms, the proposed method shows better efficiency, meaning that the ego vehicle reaches the goal at a higher speed. In addition, it also lowers the median collision rate by 7.5x.
Computational Modelling of Blood Flow Development and Its Characteristics in Magnetic Environment (2013)

Of concern in this paper is an investigation of the entrance length behind singularities in cardiovascular hemodynamics under magnetic environment. In order to get better interpretation of scan MRI images, the characteristics of blood flow and electromagnetic field within the circulatory system have to be furthermore investigated. A 3D numerical model has been developed as an example of blood flowing through a straight circular tube. The governing coupled nonlinear differential equations of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid flow are reduced to a nondimensional form, which are then characterized by four dimensionless parameters. With an aim to validate our numerical approach, the computational results are compared with those of the analytical solution available in the developed region far from the singularity. The hydraulic impedance by unit length within the developed flow region increases with the magnetic field. The time average entrance length with a greater precision on the unsteady case decreases with increasing magnetic field strength. The overall voltage characteristics do not depend on the developed flow field within the entry region.
노인의 여가경험에 관한 연구 : 근거이론적 접근 (2015)

본 연구는 노인의 여가경험(배제, 참여)과정을 살펴보기 위해 26명의 노인들과 심층 인터뷰하여 수집한 자료를 근거이론방법을 활용해 분석하였다. 분석 결과 170개의 개념과 41개의 하위범주 그리고 16개의 범주를 구성할 수 있었다. 노인여가경험의 중심현상은 “위축”으로 상정하였다. 중심현상을 야기한 인과적 조건은 “일상으로부터의 배제”였으며 중심현상에...
A fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies (2001)

Journal Article A fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies Get access G.J. Schoone, G.J. Schoone 1Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Hailu, A. Hailu 2Institute of Pathobiology, University of Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C.C.M. Kroon, C.C.M. Kroon 1Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.L. Nieuwenhuys, J.L. Nieuwenhuys 1Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H.D.F.H. Schallig, H.D.F.H. Schallig ∗ 1Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ∗Address for correspondence: Dr Henk Schallig, Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Department of Biomedical Research, Meibergdreef 39, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; phone +31 20 5665454, fax +31 20 6971841. h.schallig@it.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Oskam L. Oskam 1Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 95, Issue 4, July-August 2001, Pages 400–401, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0035-9203(01)90196-8 Published: 01 July 2001 Article history Received: 15 August 2000 Revision received: 04 December 2000 Accepted: 20 December 2000 Published: 01 July 2001
A Single-Sensor Control Strategy for Semi-Active Suspensions (2009)

The topic of this brief is the design and analysis of a control strategy for semi-active suspensions in road vehicles. Currently used closed-loop control strategies (like the Sky-Hook damping) require two sensors for each suspension. Typically, two accelerometers or an accelerometer combined with a stroke sensor are used. In this brief, a simple but innovative algorithm is proposed that is capable of providing quasi-optimal performance using a single accelerometer. The starting point of this work is the Mix-SH-ADD control algorithm, which has been recently developed and proposed. Starting from that idea, the single-sensor algorithm is derived. This algorithm pays a small price in terms of performance with respect to the mix SH-ADD algorithm, while guaranteeing cost reduction and augmented reliability.
IMGT/GeneInfo: enhancing V(D)J recombination database accessibility (2003)

IMGT/GeneInfo is a user-friendly online information system that provides information on data resulting from the complex mechanisms of immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) V(D)J recombinations. For the first time, it is possible to visualize all the rearrangement parameters on a single page. IMGT/GeneInfo is part of the international ImMunoGeneTics information system (IMGT), a high-quality integrated knowledge resource specializing in IG, TR, major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and related proteins of the immune system of human and other vertebrate species. The IMGT/GeneInfo system was developed by the TIMC and ICH laboratories (with the collaboration of LIGM), and is the first example of an external system being incorporated into IMGT. In this paper, we report the first part of this work. IMGT/GeneInfo_TR deals with the human and mouse TRA/TRD and TRB loci of the TR. Data handling and visualization are complementary to the current data and tools in IMGT, and will subsequently allow the modelling of V(D)J gene use, and thus, to predict non-standard recombination profiles which may eventually be found in conditions such as leukaemias or lymphomas. Access to IMGT/GeneInfo is free and can be found at http://imgt.cines.fr/GeneInfo.
Analysis of the Surfaces of Wood Tissues and Pulp Fibers Using Carbohydrate-Binding Modules Specific for Crystalline Cellulose and Mannan (2006)

Carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are noncatalytic substrate binding domains of many enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Here we used fluorescent labeled recombinant CBMs specific for crystalline cellulose (CBM1(HjCel7A)) and mannans (CBM27(TmMan5) and CBM35(CjMan5C)) to analyze the complex surfaces of wood tissues and pulp fibers. The crystalline cellulose CBM1(HjCel7A) was found as a reliable marker of both bacterially produced and plant G-layer cellulose, and labeling of spruce pulp fibers with CBM1(HjCel7A) revealed a signal that increased with degree of fiber damage. The mannan-specific CBM27(TmMan5) and CBM35(CjMan5C) CBMs were found to be more specific reagents than a monoclonal antibody specific for (1-->4)-beta-mannan/galacto-(1-->4)-beta-mannan for mapping carbohydrates on native substrates. We have developed a quantitative fluorometric method for analysis of crystalline cellulose accumulation on fiber surfaces and shown a quantitative difference in crystalline cellulose binding sites in differently processed pulp fibers. Our results indicated that CBMs provide useful, novel tools for monitoring changes in carbohydrate content of nonuniform substrate surfaces, for example, during wood or pulping processes and possibly fiber biosynthesis.
An experimental investigation of software diversity in a fault-tolerant avionics application (2003)

Highly reliable and effective failure detection and isolation (FDI) software is crucial in modern avionics systems that tolerate hardware failures in real time. The FDI function is an excellent opportunity for applying the principal of software design diversity to the fullest, i.e., algorithm diversity, in order to provide gains in functional performance as well as potentially enhancing the reliability of the software. The authors examine algorithm diversity applied to the redundancy management software for a hardware fault-tolerant sensor array. Results of an experiment are presented that show the performance gains that can be provided by utilizing the consensus of three diverse algorithms for sensor FDI.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Implementation and Application of Geographical Simulation and Optimization Systems (GeoSOS) (2010)

This study has developed the platform for Geographical Simulation and Optimization Systems(GeoSOS).The objective is to improve the limitations of current GIS on process analyses.GeoSOS consists of three major integrated components,cellular automata(CA),multi-agent systems(MAS),and swarm intelligence(SI).This system is equipped with common CA algorithms,such as MCE-CA,Logistic-CA,PCA-CA,ANN-CA,and Decision-tree-CA.This system can automatically obtain transition rules according to data mining techniques.The incorporation of MAS and SI can help to solve a variety of complex geographical simulation and optimization problems.Another novelty of this proposed system is its capability of coupling simulation models with optimization models.Experiments have demonstrated that this coupling strategy can yield more satisfactory modeling results under complex changing environments.
A 20-bit 25-kHz delta-sigma A/D converter utilizing a frequency-shaped chopper stabilization scheme (2001)

A 20-bit delta-sigma A/D converter is implemented in a 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS process with a single 5-V supply. It provides a 25-kHz data rate for high-speed dc measurement while maintaining good the performance required for accurate dc measurement such as noise, linearity and drift. The front-end programmable gain amplifier (PGA) allows the user to optimize their system for different input ranges. Offset and finite gain compensation are used in the PGA section to reduce offset and improve linearity performance of the amplifier. In the delta-sigma converter section, low frequency error reduction is achieved through the use of chopper stabilization technique. A frequency-shaped chopper stabilization scheme is used to alleviate the intermodulation tone problem commonly associated with the use of the fixed rate chopping in delta-sigma modulators. This A/D converter achieves 2.5 ppm RMS noise and 12 ppm INL at gain of one.
8.4 A 2.5ps 0.8-to-3.2GHz bang-bang phase- and frequency-detector-based all-digital PLL with noise self-adjustment (2017)

Digital PLLs are popular for on-chip clock generation due to their small size and technology portability. Variability tolerance is a key design challenge when designing such PLLs in an advanced CMOS technology. Environmental variations, such as mismatch, process, supply voltage, and temperature (PVT) perturb device characteristics and result in performance changes, such as DCO gain and noise. Another consideration is the wide range of operating modes in which modern digital circuits (e.g., processors) operate. For instance, a clock generator for a processor may produce a range of frequencies from tens of MHz to several GHz depending on required processor performance. In low-frequency mode, the power consumption is more pronounced than the noise. Therefore, we seek to design a PLL that is both insensitive to environmental variations, as well as reconfigurable to changing noise and power specifications.
Performance of Bioprosthetic Valves after Glycerol Dehydration, Ethylene Oxide Sterilization, and Rehydration (2011)

: This method for storing collapsible bioprosthetic valves using a proprietary glycerin-based process demonstrated excellent valve performance.
Run-time systems failure prediction via proactive monitoring (2011)

In run-time evolving systems, components may evolve while the system is being operated. Unsafe run-time changes may compromise the correct execution of the entire system. Traditional design-time verification techniques difficultly cope with run-time changes, and run-time monitoring may detect disfunctions only too late, when the failure arises. The desire would be to define advanced monitors with the ability to predict and prevent the potential errors happening in the future. In this direction, this paper proposes CASSANDRA, a new approach that by combining design-time and run-time analysis techniques, can “look ahead” in the near execution future, and predict potential failures. During run-time we on-the-fly construct a model of the future k-step global state space according to design-time specifications and the current execution state. Consequently, we can run-time check whether possible failures might happen in the future.
Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Carboranylpyrroles. Toward the Preparation of Electrochemically and Thermally Resistant Conjugated Polymers (2005)

Pyrrole derivatives covalently linked to a neutral ortho- or anionic nido-carborane cage via a methylene or ethylene spacer arm have been synthesized. Their electrochemical study showed that only the neutral compounds yielded anodically conducting 3-substituted polypyrrole films. In contrast, the anodic oxidation of the anionic derivatives underwent the passivation of the electrode surface. The pyrrole with a two-carbon linkage was the most efficiently electropolymerized, and the relevant polymer films exhibited the best electroactive and conducting properties. These were resistant to highly positive potentials owing to the hydrophobic nature and the electron-withdrawing character of the attached carborane cage. Moreover, this material was more thermally stable than unsubstituted polypyrrole.
Friedel‐Crafts‐Reaktion von 2‐Methylfuran mit gesättigten und α,β‐ungesättigten Säureanhydriden (1985)

Abstract 2‐Methylfuran ( 5 ) reagiert mit den gesättigten Säuranhydriden 16 – 26 in Gegenwart von SnCl 4 , einheitlich zu den 2‐Acyl‐5‐methylfuranen 37 – 47 . Die ungesättigten Anhydride 27 – 32 ergeben dagegen Gemische, die nur im Falle von Seneciosäureanhydrid ( 29 ) auch das betreffende Primärprodukt 48 enthalten. Folgereaktionen führen zu den Additionsprodukten 55 (aus 27 ) und 56 (aus 29 ) sowie deren ( E,Z )‐Enol‐Ester‐Gemischen 57 – 62 , die teilweise getrennt und zugeordnet werden konnten. — Die olfaktorischen Eigenschaften von 2 , 37 – 48 , 50 , 52 und 53 wurden untersucht.
Iron Sulfide Formation in Water Supply Wells With Gas Lift (2001)

Abstract Iron sulfide scale is present in sour gas, oil and water wells. It is present in various chemical species with different iron to sulfur ratios. Iron sulfide species with high iron content is soluble in acids, whereas those rich in sulfur are almost insoluble in acids. Iron sulfide scale was detected in several water supply wells where a sour gas is used for gas lifting operation. The objectives of this study were to determine the mechanism that led to the formation of this type of scale, to characterize this scale and determine the most effective chemical treatments to remove and prevent reoccurrence. Lab work included characterization of the scale, and examine various acids and non-acids formulae to remove various iron sulfide species. Several wells in a sandstone aquifer are used to supply water needed for the operation of gas oil separation plants (GOSPs). The reservoir pressure is low, therefore the water is produced using gas lifting. The gas used is an associated gas that is produced with the oil from a carbonate reservoir. The gas is sour with a hydrogen sulfide content of 2 mol%. In addition, the supply water contains total iron at 5–10 mg/L. Hydrogen sulfide reacts with the iron present in the aquifer water and precipitates iron sulfide on the well tubulars and gas injection nozzles. Accumulation of iron sulfide has caused many operational problems. Lab results indicated that iron sulfide scale deposited on the inside wall of the well tubulars. The scale was uniform with a thickness that increased from 0.025" above the gas injection point to 0.25" at the well head. The composition of the scale changes with the length above the gas injection point. Just above the gas injection point, the scale was identified as FeS whereas close to wellhead, the scale was identified as FeS2. Acid solubility varied across the length of tubing. In areas where there is FeS, acid solubility in 20 wt% was 85–90 wt%. On the other hand, acid solubility was only 3–5 wt% in areas where FeS2 was present. Experimental results showed that 20 wt% could be used to remove a portion of the scale, however a suitable hydrogen sulfide scavenger should be added to the acid. Several non-acid formulae were tested and some of them were effective in dissolving acid-insoluble scale. Unlike typical types of oilfield scales, iron sulfide is present in different species. The chemical structure of these species affects the method that should be used to remove this scale. This study addresses various types of iron sulfide and methods to remove and prevent the formation of this type of scale.
Interworking DECT with Ethernet for low cost wireless LANs (1998)

A system for wireless access to local area networks is presented. The system uses the DECT standard as a radio interface, defining a low cost and low/medium bit rate wireless LAN (WLAN). The routing capabilities of Windows NT are used. A PC with Windows NT, including an Ethernet network adapter and a general ISA DECT card, is the access point from the WLAN to the wired LAN. Miniport and intermediate Windows NT drivers for the DECT card were developed. The intermediate driver translates from the Ethernet protocol to the DECT protocol. We focus our work on Ethernet wireless access. However, we can use the same hardware and software to provide token-ring LANs with wireless access. Windows NT will ensure the communication between the DECT base station, seen like an Ethernet network adapter, and the token-ring LAN.
Superconducting property of Y/sub 1/Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ films formed on silver substrates by continuous chemical vapor deposition technique (2001)

A new CVD system equipped with a triple-reactor was developed to improve the forming rate of the superconducting tape. Three-layered Y123 films with good crystallinity covering the total thickness were obtained directly on roll milled non-textured Ag tapes by using this triple-stage CVD system. 11 m long Y123 tape with a uniform J/sub c/ of 3.0/spl times/10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 77 K, 0 T was successfully prepared on roll milled non-textured Ag tape at a forming rate of 3.0 m/h, Y123 films formed directly on the cube-textured Ag[100]<001> tapes showed two types of orientation, cube-on-cube and diagonal-on-cube, between Y123 and Ag. On the other hand, Sm123 and Nd123 films showed the simple orientation, cube-on-cube, so these films were expected to improve the in-plane alignment of Y123 film by inserting them as the intermediate layer.
Pivotal Involvement of Fcγ Receptor IIA in the Neutralization of Lipopolysaccharide Signaling via a Potent Novel Anti-TLR4 Monoclonal Antibody 15C1 (2007)

The mammalian Toll-like receptor (TLR) family has evolved to sense pathogens in the environment and protect the host against infection. TLR4 recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria and induces a signaling cascade that, when exaggerated, has been associated with severe sepsis. We have generated a TLR4-specific monoclonal antibody, 15C1, which neutralizes LPS-induced TLR4 activation in a dose-dependent manner. 15C1 potently blocks the effects of LPS on a panel of primary cells and cell lines in vitro. The binding of 15C1 was mapped to an epitope in the second portion of the extracellular region of TLR4, which has been shown previously to be functionally important in the recognition of LPS. Furthermore, we demonstrate a novel mechanism of inhibition, as the effects of 15C1 are partially Fc-dependent, involving the regulatory Fc receptor IIA (CD32A). In addition to introducing 15C1 as a potent clinical candidate for use in the treatment of LPS-mediated indications, our work demonstrates a newly discovered pathway whose manipulation is pivotal in achieving optimal neutralizing benefit.
Sentence Centrality Revisited for Unsupervised Summarization (2019)

Single document summarization has enjoyed renewed interests in recent years thanks to the popularity of neural network models and the availability of large-scale datasets. In this paper we develop an unsupervised approach arguing that it is unrealistic to expect large-scale and high-quality training data to be available or created for different types of summaries, domains, or languages. We revisit a popular graph-based ranking algorithm and modify how node (aka sentence) centrality is computed in two ways: (a)~we employ BERT, a state-of-the-art neural representation learning model to better capture sentential meaning and (b)~we build graphs with directed edges arguing that the contribution of any two nodes to their respective centrality is influenced by their relative position in a document. Experimental results on three news summarization datasets representative of different languages and writing styles show that our approach outperforms strong baselines by a wide margin.
Prophylactic treatment of canine osteoarthritis with glycosaminoglycan polysulfuric acid ester (1989)

The prophylactic effect of glycosaminoglycan polysulfuric acid ester (GAGPS) on cartilage lesions was studied using the Pond-Nuki model of canine osteoarthritis. Starting 2 days after anterior cruciate transection, GAGPS or saline was administered intraarticularly twice weekly for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, gross and histologic medial femoral condylar lesions had developed to a lesser degree in GAGPS-treated dogs than in saline-treated dogs. The uronic acid and hydroxyproline levels in cartilage were significantly higher in the GAGPS-treated dogs than in the saline-treated dogs. Levels of active and latent collagenase in the cartilage of GAGPS-treated dogs were lower than in the cartilage of saline-treated dogs. With GAGPS treatment, swelling of the cartilage, an indicator of collagen network integrity, remained near control levels. Although increased synthesis of proteoglycan and collagen may account for some of these results, we propose that one mechanism of action of GAGPS is its ability to decrease collagen degradation, either by decreasing the synthesis of collagenase or by directly inhibiting the production of collagenase in cartilage.
Vaginal microbiota and genitourinary menopausal symptoms: a cross-sectional analysis (2017)

Presence of Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota was not associated with fewer vulvovaginal symptoms. Serum estrone was higher in women with Lactobacillus dominance, but vaginal-free glycogen was not associated with composition of the vaginal microbiota.