gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stroke Reduction in Hypertensive Adults With Cardiac Hypertrophy Randomized to Losartan Versus Atenolol (2004)

The Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension (LIFE) study showed that treatment with the angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist losartan reduces overall stroke risk compared with conventional therapy with the beta-blocker atenolol. We conducted secondary analyses in LIFE to determine the extent to which the cerebrovascular benefits of losartan apply to different clinical subgroups and stroke subtypes and to assess the dependence of these benefits on baseline and time-varying covariates. Among 9193 hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, random allocation to losartan-based treatment lowered the risk of fatal (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43 to 0.96; P=0.032) and atherothrombotic stroke (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.88; P=0.001) compared with atenolol-based therapy. Although comparable risk reductions occurred for hemorrhagic and embolic stroke, these were not statistically significant. The number of neurological deficits per stroke was similar, but there were fewer strokes in the losartan group for nearly every level of stroke severity. Effects were consistent in all clinical subgroups except for those defined by age and ethnicity. The benefits of losartan on all strokes were independent of baseline and time-varying risk factors, including blood pressure. The number needed to treat for 5 years to prevent 1 stroke was 54 for the average participant, declining to 25, 24, and 9 for patients with cerebrovascular disease, isolated systolic hypertension, and atrial fibrillation, respectively. In conclusion, substantial cerebrovascular benefit could be realized with the institution of losartan-based therapy over conventional therapy among hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy across the spectrum of cardiovascular risk.
Taper-assisted polarisation compensation in efficientlyfibre-coupled InP demultiplexer (1996)

A 8 × 2 nm polarisation independent InP-based demultiplexer operating at ~1.54 µm with a low birefringence wide input waveguide has been produced by incorporating polarisation dispersion compensation into a highly birefringent waveguide. Mode converters were used in each arm of the grating to avoid transition losses. The fibre-waveguide insertion loss is 0.5 dB and, misalignment tolerance (at –1 dB) is 2.5 µm. Crosstalk is as low as –30 dB.
Troubles somatiques et catastrophes de symbolisation (1997)

Pascal Roman, Problemas somáticos y catástrofes de simbolización. A partir de un anclaje en un cuerpo teônco (P. Marty, A. Green, P. C. Racamier, R. Roussillon), permitiendo situar la problemática psicosomática, en la articulación entre cuerpo y psiquis, como testimoniando de un defecto de elaboración de los procedimientos de simbolización, propongo despejar algunos puntos de referenda en clínica proyectiva. En este contexte los protocolos de Rorschach de niños presentando problemas de tipo psicosomático, han permitido poner en evidencia diferentes indicios en el registre de la deconstrucción de los sistemas representatives : se pone en evidencia, de esta manera, una configuración en el seno de esta prueba, de las "catástrofes de la simbolización" propias a la psicodinámica de la problemática psicosomática. Palabras-clave : Psicosomática, Prueba de Rorschach, Simbolización, Yo-piel.
Pulling open doors and drawers: Coordinating an omni-directional base and a compliant arm with Equilibrium Point control (2010)

Previously, we have presented an implementation of impedance control inspired by the Equilibrium Point Hypothesis that we refer to as equilibrium point control (EPC). We have demonstrated that EPC can enable a robot in a fixed position to robustly pull open a variety of doors and drawers, and infer their kinematics without detailed prior models. In this paper, we extend this framework to support autonomous motion of the robot's omni-directional base both before and during pulling. With our new methods, we show that the robot can autonomously approach and open doors and drawers for which only the location and orientation of the handle have been provided. We also demonstrate that EPC can coordinate the movement of the robot's omni-directional base and compliant arm while pulling open a door or drawer, which leads to significantly improved performance. Through 40 trials with 10 different doors and drawers, we empirically demonstrated the robustness of the system. The robot succeeded in 37 out of 40 trials, and had no more than a single failure for any particular door or drawer.
Flavonol Glucoside Profile of Southern Italian Red Onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) (2005)

High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) coupled with electron spray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) was used to determine the flavonol profile in southern Italian red onions (Allium cepa L.). This on-line technique allowed the identification of seven flavonols in southern Italian red onion, quercetin 4'-glucoside and quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside being the most abundant components. Five minor flavonols have been recognized, offering a characteristic profile of such compounds in red onions under study. Quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin 7,4'-diglucoside, quercetin 3,7,4'-triglucoside, and isorhamnetin 4'-glucoside have been previously reported as minor flavonoid components in Allium cepa, while isorhamnetin 3,4'-diglucoside was previously found in Allium ascalonicum. Traces of isorhamnetin 3-glucoside and free quercetin were also detected.
Analysis of TNF-receptor and ligand superfamily molecules in patients with lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes (2000)

In 21 patients with lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes (LDGL), we investigated the expression and the function of molecules belonging to TNF-receptor and TNF-ligand superfamilies (CD30/CD30L; CD40/CD40L; CD27/CD70; Fas [CD95]/FasL[CD95L]). Fourteen patients were characterized by a proliferation of granular lymphocytes (GLs) expressing the CD3(+)CD16(+) phenotype, whereas 7 cases showed the CD3(-)CD16(+) CD56 +/- phenotype. Our data show that both CD3(+) and CD3-GLs are preferentially equipped with CD30, CD40, CD40L, CD70, and CD95 antigens; this pattern is usually associated with the lack of CD27 and CD30L antigens expression. CD95L was demonstrated in the cytoplasm in 14 of 21 cases by flow cytometry, but a definite signal was demonstrated in all cases studied using polymerase chain reaction analysis. On functional grounds, a stimulatory activity on rIL-2 mediated redirected-cytotoxicity against Fcgamma+ P815 targets was demonstrated with anti-CD30, CD40, CD40L, CD70, CD95, and CD95L mAbs, although resting cells were unable to exhibit significant redirected-cell lysis. The addition of anti-CD30, CD30L, CD40, CD40L, CD95, and CD95L mAbs did not show any significant effect on cell proliferation at resting conditions or after rIL-2 stimulation, whereas anti-CD70 mAb mediated cell proliferation in 6 of 10 cases tested. This figure was not related to an increase in apoptotic cells, as investigated by Annexin-V expression. Our data indicate that both CD3(+) and CD3(-) GLs are equipped with different costimulatory antigens, supporting the concept that these cells are in vivo activated and suggesting that these molecules might play a role in the cytotoxic mechanisms of GLs. (Blood. 2000;96:647-654)
The Limited Capacity of Humans to Identify the Components of Taste Mixtures and Taste – Odour Mixtures (2002)

The capacity of humans to identify the components of taste mixtures and odour-taste mixtures was investigated in two experiments. Subjects were trained to identify the components presented alone and to use a 'yes/no' procedure to identify them in mixtures. All stimuli were presented with a retronasal (by mouth) technique. A maximum of three tastants were identified in both types of mixtures, only one tastant was identified in five-component taste mixtures, and no component was identified in four-component odour-taste mixtures. Importantly, in no instance was the olfactory stimulus identified in any mixture with tastes, including binary mixtures. Loss of identity of the odorant in binary and ternary mixtures may have been due to suppression as a consequence of temporal processing, or to the absence of an association between the odorant and tastants that had established an identifiable percept. In contrast, poor identification of the components of the quaternary odour-taste mixture and quinternary taste mixture is attributed to the limited capacity of working memory. Overall, the poorer ability to identify components in odour-taste mixtures than in taste mixtures indicates that interactions occurred between the two senses, challenging the proposal that odours and tastes are processed independently when present in complex chemosensory stimuli.
Artificial Engine Sound Synthesis Method for Modification of the Acoustic Characteristics of Electric Vehicles (2018)

Sound radiation from electric motor‐driven vehicles is negligibly small compared to sound radiation from internal combustion engine automobiles. When running on a local road, an artificial sound is required as a warning signal for the safety of pedestrians. In this study, an engine sound was synthesized by combining artificial mechanical and combustion sounds. The mechanical sounds were made by summing harmonic components representing sounds from rotating engine cranks. The harmonic components, including not only magnitude but also phase due to frequency, were obtained by the numerical integration method. The combustion noise was simulated by random sounds with similar spectral characteristics to the measured value and its amplitude was synchronized by the rotating speed. Important parameters essential for the synthesized sound to be evaluated as radiation from actual engines were proposed. This approach enabled playing of sounds for arbitrary engines. The synthesized engine sounds were evaluated for recognizability of vehicle approach and sound impression through auditory experiments.
Synthesis of Minimal Threshold Logic Networks (1965)

An algorithm is developed for synthesizing networks which realize Boolean switching functions through the use of a minimum number of threshold logic elements. A switching function is represented by a matrix and the algorithm is based on the principle that the removal of the positive linear dependences from the rows of this matrix results in a linearly separable function. The positive linear dependences are removed by adding columns to the matrix, each column representing the output of a threshold logic element in the network. The added columns in effect transform a nonseparable function into a sparable function a higher dimensional space. The algorithm is illustrated with examples of the synthesis of both single and multiple output networks. The technique is not restricted to completely specified functions.
Synthese Du Tertiobutyl‐2 dinitro‐4,6 Phenol Noyau‐<sup>14</sup>C (U) (“Dinoterbe” Noyau‐<sup>14</sup>C) (1980)

Abstract (U‐ 14 C) Phenol and isobutene under pressure in presence of aluminium phenoxide gave in 60 % yield a mixture of (ring U‐ 14 C) 2‐t‐butylphenol (50 %) and (ring U‐ 14 C)‐2,6‐di‐t‐butylphenol (10 %) which were separated by column chromatography on silicagel. Each t‐butylphenol was nitrated under appropriate conditions to give an 35 % overall yield of (ring‐U‐ 14 C)‐4,6‐dinitro‐2‐t‐butylphenol : specific activity : 27.4 mCi/mMol which was proved by TLC and HPLC to be 99 % radiochemically pure.
A Knowledge-Based Tool for Planning of Military Operations: The Coalition Perspective (2002)

Use of knowledge-based planning tools can help alleviate the challenges of planning a military operation in a coalition environment. We explore these challenges and potential contributions of knowledge-based tools using as an example the CADET system, a knowledge-based tool capable of producing automatically (or with human guidance) battle plans with realistic degree of detail and complexity. In ongoing experiments, it compared favorably with human planners. Interleaved planning, scheduling, routing, attrition and consumption processes comprise the computational approach of this tool. From the coalition operations perspective, such tools offer an important aid in rapid synchronization of assets and actions of heterogeneous assets belonging to multiple organizations, potentially with distinct doctrine and rules of engagement. In this paper, we discuss the functionality of the tool, provide a brief overview of the technical approach and experimental results, and outline the potential value of such tools for coalition operations. 1. Overview Influential voices in the US military community (Wass de Czege and Biever, 2001) argue for significant computerization of the military planning process and for &quot;...fast new planning processes that establish a new division of labor between man and machine. Staffs will rely heavily upon software to complete the straightforward calculations. Decision aids will quickly offer suggestions and test alternative courses of actions.&quot; Although the reasons for introducing such a computerization in the military planning processes are compelling enough even in the context of a single-nation military, many of the same reasons become even more pronounced in a coalition environment: . The process of planning a military operation remains relatively...
Face recognition using neural networks and eigenfaces. (2000)

Bile leakage after hepatic resection often results in the formation of a biliary-cutaneous fistula. Such a fistula, when caused by an isolated bile duct in the remnant liver, can be intractable. We report a successful case of ethanol injection therapy of an isolated bile duct. A 73-year-old man underwent right hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Bile leakage occurred after surgery, and the patient developed a biliary-cutaneous fistula. Fistulography revealed an isolated bile duct in the remnant portion of the caudate lobe without communication to the main biliary system. As conservative management with simple drainage was ineffective, injection therapy with ethanol was performed with a balloon occlusion catheter. After 11 therapy sessions, the bile duct was eradicated, and the biliary- cutaneous fistula was completely healed. The post-treatment course was uneventful. Ethanol injection therapy can be a choice for management of patients with a biliary fistula caused by an isolated bile duct.
DC‐SIGN‐Specific Liposomal Targeting and Selective Intracellular Compound Delivery to Human Myeloid Dendritic Cells: Implications for HIV Disease (2004)

Myeloid dendritic cells (MyDCs), prime stimulators of antigen-specific immunity, can serve as one of the major reservoirs for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Utilizing mature monocyte-derived MyDCs generated with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as an in vitro model, we here present the first proof of concept for liposomal compound delivery to these cells by specifically addressing CD209, i.e. DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), a MyDC-associated C-type lectin implicated in the transmission of HIV-1 to T helper cells. By employing a liposomally entrapped tracer, calcein, we demonstrate by flow cytometry and mathematics a superior targeting efficacy for DC-SIGN, as compared with select other MyDC markers (CD1a, CD4, CD45R0, and CD83). Fluorescence microscopy reveals time-dependent surface binding and intracellular uptake of DC-SIGN-specific liposomes by both immature and mature MyDCs. This pilot study implies that liposomal targeting to CD209 and related C-type lectins may afford therapeutic intracellular drug delivery to MyDCs and other reservoir and nonreservoir cells susceptible to infection with HIV-1.
A Low Complexity Turbo MMSE Receiver for W-LAN MIMO Systems (2006)

In this paper we consider an iterative detection and decoding scheme for Space-Frequency-Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (SF-BICM) MIMO-OFDM systems as a candidate receiver architecture for Next Generation Wireless LANs. This work is focused on the implementation complexity reduction of the overall turbo MIMO scheme through the simplification of the three main blocks: the Soft-Interference-Canceller, the MMSE-MIMO detector and the MIMO Soft-Symbol demapper which uses extrinsic soft information, produced by a Soft-Output-Viterbi-Algorithm (SOVA), to perform the LLRs calculation of the coded bits. A new receiver architecture is proposed, its computational complexity is estimated and compared with a more classical turbo MMSE receiver, both for 16-QAM and 64-QAM constellations.
Electrode Reactions in Metal Finishing (1991)

SummaryImportant applications of electrode reactions in metal finishing are summarised. The characteristics of these reactions are considered; such heterogeneous, charge transfer processes are localised at the electrode/electrolyte interface and involve phase transformation. Electrode properties are seen to be important, particularly their high (electronic) conductivity in comparison to (ionically) conducting electrolytes.
Observation of Single-Particle Plasmons by Near-Field Optical Microscopy (1989)

Plasmons in small protrusions of an otherwise flat gold film were studied with a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM). Individual protrusions were selected by approaching them with another medium in a controlled way. Extremely narrow resonances in terms of scattering intensity versus distance were observed. The results open new opportunities for local plasmon studies as well as for SNOM with enhanced sensitivity and resolution, e.g., operation in a novel topographic mode (optical tunnel microscopy).
Neurotube® for facial nerve repair (2005)

Facial nerve reconstruction for lesions with nerve gaps frequently require autologous or tubulized grafts of biological or synthetic origin. Neurotube, a bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid tube, represents a valid solution for this kind of defect in emergency and planned surgery. Seven posttraumatic lesions of terminal branches of the facial nerve were repaired by means of Neurotube from September 1999-September 2001. The nerve gap size ranged between 1-3 cm. Nerve regeneration was evaluated at 7-12 months of follow-up when muscle recovery function was examined. Muscle function was very good in 1 case, good in 4, and fair in 2 (71% positive results). No intolerance or discomfort was reported or observed. Neurotube is useful for the reconstruction of facial nerve lesions with a small nerve gap (less then 3 cm) when a direct anastomosis of the two stumps is not possible, or when the suture appears to be in tension. It is a valid alternative to autologous and biological tubulized grafts. The limits of this method are: 1) it can only be used with gaps of less than 3 cm; 2) it is quite costly; 3) there are reports of possible intolerance; and 4) it is not suitable for lesions of the proximal part of the facial nerve.
Life‐history studies on New Zealand Brachyura (1970)

Summary Pre‐zoea and first stage zoea larvae of the New Zealand grapsid crabs Leptograpsus variegatus (Fabricius), Planes marinus Rathbun, Hemigrapsus crenulatus (H. Milne Edwards), H. edwardsi (Hilgendorf), Cyclograpsus lavauxi H. Milne Edwards, C. insularum Campbell and Griffin, Helice crassa Dana, and Plagusia chabrus (Linnaeus) are described, and a key is given for their separation. On the basis of larval characters known grapsid zoeae fall into four groups, and these support the arrangement of adult genera into subfamilies except for a division among larvae of the subfamilies Varuninae and Sesarminae. The four groups are defined in a key and this arrangement is compared with an earlier system of larval classification. Grapsid zoeae show close affinities with those of genera in the families Ocypodidae and Gecarcinidae. Except Hemigrapsus edwardsi which breeds in late autumn and winter, all New Zealand species breed during late spring or summer. Where Cyclograpsus lavauxi and the recently rediscovered C. insularum occur together, their breeding periods do not coincide. All species have five zoeal stages and a megalopa larva, and planktonic larval life may last up to seven weeks. The length of larval life is apparently unrelated to the absence of grapsid crabs (or to the presence of certain other species) in the Chatham Islands.
Hemophilia A: an ideal disease to correct in utero (2014)

Hemophilia A (HA) is the most frequent inheritable defect of the coagulation proteins. The current standard of care for patients with HA is prophylactic factor infusion, which is comprised of regular (2-3 times per week) intravenous infusions of recombinant or plasma-derived FVIII to maintain hemostasis. While this treatment has greatly increased the quality of life and lengthened the life expectancy for many HA patients, its high cost, the need for lifelong infusions, and the fact that it is unavailable to roughly 75% of the world's HA patients make this type of treatment far from ideal. In addition, this lifesaving therapy suffers from a high risk of treatment failure due to immune response to the infused FVIII. There is thus a need for novel treatments, such as those using stem cells and/or gene therapy, which have the potential to mediate long-term correction or permanent cure following a single intervention. In the present review, we discuss the clinical feasibility and unique advantages that an in utero approach to treating HA could offer, placing special emphasis on a new sheep model of HA we have developed and on the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) as cellular vehicles for delivering the FVIII gene.
Skin care education and individual counselling versus treatment as usual in healthcare workers with hand eczema: randomised clinical trial (2012)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01012453.
Polarization aberrations in hyper-numerical-aperture projection printing: a comparison of various representations (2006)

Various representations of polarization aberrations are described and compared for optical lithography. Polarization aberrations, which are potentially important with hyper-numerical-aperture tools, are a complicated phenomena that refer to induced polarization-dependent wavefront distortions as light propagates through an imaging system. Pupil representations based on the following concepts are discussed: the physical polarization properties, the Mueller matrix, the Jones matrix, and the Jones matrix decomposed into a Pauli spin matrix basis. Although each has its own advantages and disadvantages, it is concluded that the Jones matrix representation decomposed into a Pauli spin matrix basis offers the most useful format for the lithographer due to its compact notation, physically intuitive interpretation, ability to be implemented into standard imaging equations, and its usefulness as an input into a lithographic simulator. Depending on the assumptions that can be made, the pupil specification consists of three to eight independent functions, where a normalization constant is calculated to ensure a physically realizable pupil. An example is shown to illustrate the usefulness of this strategy. Additionally, a simple metric for lens polarization quality based on this representation is proposed.