gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen as a Fuel for DOD (Defense Horizons, Number 36, Nov 2003) (2003)

Abstract : Energy issues have been at the center of the national security debate for some time, and the current situation in the Persian Gulf underscores the strategic importance of sound energy policy. Activities or developments-- geopolitical, environmental, technological, or regulatory--that materially change the energy security equation are, naturally, of great interest to the Department of Defense (DoD). The announcement by President George Bush in his State of the Union address that he intends to accelerate research and development (R&D) for hydrogen-powered vehicles toward the objective of total U.S. energy independence has great potential impact on DoD. This paper examines a number of technical issues connected with energy independence through hydrogen and how they might affect DoD. We conclude that the move to a hydrogen economy will be a massive undertaking, requiring large investments and decades to accomplish. We will show that, with few exceptions, pure hydrogen is not a viable fuel for DoD missions, primarily because of the DoD requirement for compact, high-volumetric energy density power sources.
IP multicast in virtualized data centers: Challenges and opportunities (2017)

The increasing volume and importance of point-to-multipoint traffic in virtualized data centers means the deployment of IP multicast is increasingly attractive. However, concerns about the ability of switches and routers based on commodity hardware to support the conventional IP multicast control plane and data plane, especially when there are thousands of participants in the multicast group communication, results in the infrequent deployment of IP multicast in data centers. This paper discusses the evolution of data center architectures towards the virtualized architectures in which technologies such as VXLAN, VXLAN-GPE, GENEVE, STT and NVGRE are used to build emulated Layer 2 networks that will support multi-tenancy at scale. These technologies are described and compared in terms of a number of factors, with emphasis laid on the manner in which they support multicast. Lastly, innovative approaches that have been proposed to circumvent the obstacles to deploying multicast in the data center IP fabric are also discussed and evaluated.
Unburned gas temperature measurement in a spark-ignition engine using fibre-optic heterodyne interferometry (2001)

A fibre-optic heterodyne interferometry system was developed to obtain the temperature histories of an unburned mixture with high temporal resolution non-intrusively. In laser interferometry, the effective optical path length of the test beam changes with the gas density and corresponding changes of the refractive index. Therefore, the temperature history of an unburned gas can be determined from the pressure and phase shift of the heterodyne signal. A polarization-preserving fibre is used to deliver the test beam to and from the test section, to improve the feasibility of the system as a sensor probe. The temperature of the unburned mixture in the end-gas region of a constant-volume combustion chamber and in an engine cylinder was measured during flame propagation. The accuracy of the measurements and the feasibility of this system are discussed. The measurement accuracy of our system was sufficient to be applied to temperature history measurement of an unburned gas compressed by flame propagation in a constant-volume combustion chamber. The uncertainty of this method is within ±10 K. The resolution of the temperature measurement is approximately 0.5 K, and is dependent on both the sampling clock speed of the A/D converter and the length of the test section. This fibre-optic heterodyne interferometry system can also be used for other applications that require a transient temperature with a fast response time.
Co-ordinative saturation of magnesium β-diketonates (1971)

Complexes of magnesium β-diketonates with bidentate and potentially chelating ligands have been prepared. Successive trifluoromethylation of the β-diketone has been used to investigate substituent effects on the remaining potential donor sites on the metal. o-Phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipyridyl, ethyleneglycol, ethylenediamine, NN- and NN′-dimethylethylenediamines, NN′-dibenzylethylenediamine, NNN′N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, NN′-dimethylpiperazine, and NN-dimethylaminoethanol were used as ligands. 1 : 1 Complexes were isolated for the reaction of o-phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipyridyl, and ethyleneglycol with (i) bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)bis(aquo)magnesium, (ii) bis(trifluoroacetylacetonato)bis(aquo)magnesium, and (iii) bis(acetylacetonato)bis(aquo)magnesium. For the other ligands complexes were isolated with complexes (i) and (ii).
<title>Stochastic associative memory</title> (1993)

Artificial neural networks capable of learning and recalling stochastic associations between non-deterministic quantities have received relatively little attention to date. One potential application of such stochastic associative networks is the generation of sensory 'expectations' based on arbitrary subsets of sensor inputs to support anticipatory and investigate behavior in sensor-based robots. Another application of this type of associative memory is the prediction of how a scene will look in one spectral band, including noise, based upon its appearance in several other wavebands. This paper describes a semi-supervised neural network architecture composed of self-organizing maps associated through stochastic inter-layer connections. This 'Stochastic Associative Memory' (SAM) can learn and recall non-deterministic associations between multi-dimensional probability density functions. The stochastic nature of the network also enables it to represent noise distributions that are inherent in any true sensing process. The SAM architecture, training process, and initial application to sensor image prediction are described. Relationships to Fuzzy Associative Memory (FAM) are discussed.
An OpenFlow Based Network Virtualization Framework for the Cloud (2011)

The Cloud computing paradigm entails a challenging networking scenario. Due to the economy of scale, the Cloud is mainly supported by Data Center infrastructures. Therefore, virtualized environment manageability, seamless migration of virtual machines, inter-domain communication issues and scalability problems are some of the main concerns that should be addressed. A recently proposed abstract model is used as a reference for the Cloud computing architecture. This paper introduces a network virtualization framework for the Cloud based on this model. Accordingly, a proper abstraction of network elements (vhost, vnode and vlink) is defined in order to virtualize the physical infrastructure. Moreover, a novel Layer 2 network virtualization approach based on a new MAC addressing scheme is presented: we propose to build locally administered MAC addresses that hold context information, such as virtual operator, domain, node and host identifiers. In addition, implementation details are suggested, describing how the Open Flow technology can lead to an implementation of the proposed approach.
Reaction of methylmagnesium iodide and diethyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylates (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of methylmagnesium iodide and diethyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylatesJoseph Wolinsky and Michael SenyekCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 10, 3950–3953Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01274a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01274a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
YouTube 4 You (2007)

VIEW. UPLOAD. SHARE. That's what YouTube is all abouti??viewing, uploading, and sharing your favorite videos. And the book you hold in your hands will help you get the most out of this hot website. You'll learn how to find the latest viral videos, share your favorite videos with friends and the YouTube community, and shoot and upload your own videos to the YouTube website. YouTube 4 You is the first book to take you inside YouTube, show you how the site works, and provide tips and tricks for becoming a more successful YouTuber!You'll Learn How To· Find and watch the latest videos· Manage and share your favorite videos· Download and save YouTube videos to your computer or iPod· Upload your own YouTube video creations· Get more out of the YouTube community· Troubleshoot viewing and uploading problemsContentsIntroductioni? 1Part I YouTube 4 Everyone1 Welcome to YouTubei? 72 Getting Around the YouTube Sitei? 13Part II YouTube 4 Viewers3 Finding Videos to Watchi? 274 Watching YouTube Videosi? 395 Managing and Sharing Your Favorite Videosi? 496 Downloading YouTube Videos to Your PCi??and Your iPodi? 61Part III YouTube 4 Video Makers7 What Type of Videos Do You Want to Upload?i? 758 Creating Videos 4 YouTubei? 899 Uploading Videos to YouTubei? 9910 Managing Your Uploaded Videos 10911 Who Owns What: Legal Issues with YouTube Videosi? 117i? Part IV YouTube 4 Advanced Users12 Joining the YouTube Communityi??and Creating Your Own Channeli? 13313 Adding YouTube Videos to Your Own Site or Blogi? 15314 Profiting from Your YouTube Videosi? 16315 Getting More Out of YouTubei??With Third-Party Toolsi? 17516 Troubleshooting YouTube Problemsi? 183Indexi? 191
The molybdenum and vanadium nitrogenases of <i>Azotobacter chroococcum</i>: effect of elevated temperature on N2 reduction (1993)

During the reduction of N2 by V-nitrogenase at 30 degrees C, some hydrazine (N2H4) is formed as a product in addition to NH3 [Dilworth and Eady (1991) Biochem. J. 277, 465-468]. We show here the following. (1) That over the temperature range 30-45 degrees C the apparent Km for the reduction of N2 to yield these products is the same, but increases from 30 to 58 kPa of N2. On increasing the temperature from 45 degrees C to 50 degrees C, little change occurred in the rate of reduction of protons to H2; the rate of N2H4 production increased, but the rate of NH3 formation decreased 7-fold. (2) Temperature-shift experiments from 42 to 50 degrees C or from 50 to 42 degrees C showed that this selective loss of the ability to reduce N2 to NH3 was reversible. The effects we observe are consistent with the existence of different conformers of the VFe-protein at the two temperatures, that predominating at 50 degrees C being largely unable to reduce N2 to ammonia. (3) Measurement of the ratio between H2 evolution and N2 reduced to NH3 at N2 pressures up to 339 kPa for both Mo- and V-nitrogenases gave limiting H2/N2 values of 1.13 +/- 0.13 for Mo-nitrogenase and 3.50 +/- 0.03 for V-nitrogenase. Since for Mo-nitrogenase our measured value for the ratio at 339 kPa is the same as that derived by Simpson and Burris [(1984) Science 224, 1095-1097] at 5650 kPa, there appears to be little or no divergence from the predictions based on the apparent Km for N2. These data then suggest that there may be a fundamentally different mechanism for N2 binding to V-nitrogenase compared with Mo-nitrogenase. (4) We did not detect any N2H4 as a product of N2 reduction by Mo-nitrogenase over the temperature range investigated; however, at 50 degrees C this system reduced acetylene (C2H2) to yield some ethane (C2H6), in addition to ethylene (C2H4), a reaction normally associated with Mo-independent nitrogenases.
In search of a science‐based application: A learning tool for reading acquisition (2009)

This is a story about the fate of a psychological application: from its conception to the optimistic vision surrounding its future. We hope that this application - an enjoyable learning game (www or mobile phone-based, available free of charge to the end users) for children - can at best help millions of children in their reading acquisition in the future. Its basis was created by following intensively the development of children with (N = 107) and without (N = 92) genetic (familial) risk for dyslexia from birth to puberty in the Jyväskylä Longitudinal study of Dyslexia (JLD)-project. We summarize some of the major findings of the JLD in order to facilitate understanding of the reasons and logic behind the development of the game. Originally intended as a research tool for reading acquisition, its potential for prevention of reading difficulties was quickly recognized.
Defining, computing, and visualizing molecular interfaces (1995)

A parallel, analytic approach for defining and computing the inter and intra molecular interfaces in three dimensions is described. The molecular interface surfaces are derived from approximations to the power diagrams over the participating molecular units. For a given molecular interface our approach can generate a family of interface surfaces parametrized by /spl alpha/ and /spl beta/, where /spl alpha/ is the radius of the solvent molecule (also known as the probe radius) and /spl beta/ is the interface radius that defines the size of the molecular interface. Molecular interface surfaces provide biochemists with a powerful tool to study surface complementarity and to efficiently characterize the interactions during a protein substrate docking. The complexity of our algorithm for molecular environments is O(nk log/sup 2/ k), where n is the number of atoms in the participating molecular units and k is the average number of neighboring atoms-a constant, given /spl alpha/ and /spl beta/.
Price War in Wireless Access Networks: A Regulation for Convergence (2011)

In recent years, to satisfy people's need for wireless services, the number of access points of the 3G-based systems, WiFi and WiMAX has been increased exponentially by wireless service providers (WSPs). As a result, there are many WSPs coexisting in the same hotspot area, which drives price competition among WSPs. Existing researche shows that each WSP will lower its price to increase revenue or market share, and this kind of price competition will eventually damage every WSP with the revenue decrease. However in this paper, we show that there is another type of price competition, where the WSPs' decreasing or increasing price levels occurs periodically and there is no equilibrium point. We illustrate it by using an example of the duopoly price competition and suggest a simple regulation rule that leads to an equilibrium point. Moreover, we show that the equilibrium point is Pareto-optimal and is well balanced in the aspects of total revenue, fairness and social welfare.
Short Pulse and High Frequency Signal Generation in Semiconductor Lasers (1989)

The field of high speed semiconductor lasers has undergone substantial advances since the first demonstration of a laser with modulation bandwidth beyond 1OGHz[1]. Much of the present understanding on the high speed modulation of semiconductor lasers comes from a small signal analysis of the laser rate equations, which is basically a book-keeping of the rate of supply, annihilation and creation of carriers and photons inside the laser cavity and describes laser dynamics in a most basic manner. The resulting small signal bandwidth is given by the now standard formula [1]
Efficacy and safety of Buyang Huanwu-Tang (Boyang Hwano-Tang) in patients with vascular dementia (2021)

10.17605/OSF.IO/NDYGP.
Inhibition of DNA Adduct Formation and Mutagenic Action of 3‐Amino‐l‐methyl‐5H‐pyrido[4,3‐<i>b</i>]indole by Chlorophyllin‐chitosan in <i>rpsL</i> Transgenic Mice (2001)

We have studied the inhibitory effect of chlorophyllin-chitosan (Chl-Chi) complex, an insoluble form of chlorophyllin, on the DNA adduct formation and mutagenesis by a heterocyclic food mutagen-carcinogen, 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2), in mice carrying the E. coli rpsL gene as a mutagenesis reporter. Upon administration of a diet containing 0.002% or 0.01% Trp-P-2, DNA adducts were formed in various tissues in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum level observed in the liver. Addition of 3% Chl-Chi to the diet reduced the Trp-P-2 adduct by up to 90%. The rpsL mutant frequencies increased significantly in both the liver and spleen upon administration of a 0.01% Trp-P-2 diet. Addition of Chl-Chi to the diet decreased these induced mutant frequencies to the background level. No harmful effect of Chl-Chi was detected during these experiments. The results show that Chl-Chi may be a candidate chemopreventive agent against the genotoxic action of Trp-P-2, and possibly also other aromatic carcinogens in the diet.
[Circulating inhibitor of sodium active transport in essential hypertension and volemic expansion]. (1985)

Circulating inhibitors of the Na+ pump have been proposed as participating in sodium excretion, extracellular and vascular volume regulation and as hypertensiogenic agents. The presence of digitalis-like compounds in human plasma has been investigated by measuring its ability to compete with tritiated ouabain for binding to the digitalis site of red blood cells. Their activities in plasma from either hypertensive or volume expanded patients were compared. High levels were found in plasma from 37 p. cent of the untreated patients with essential hypertension, 64 p. cent of patients with end-stage renal failure and 71 p cent of acromegalic patients in the hypersecreting phase. The patients of these two last classes have been selected as being normotensives and without family history of hypertension. An increased activity of the inhibitor should more likely be linked to the positive Na+ balance and the volemic expansion which characterise these last two diseases than to high blood pressure. The observations that the activity of the inhibitor is correlated with the plasma volume in acromegalic patients, it returns to normal values after hemodialysis in renal insufficiency or successful therapy of acromegaly and the decrease in its activity is proportional to the weight lost during dialysis in uremic patients, agree with this proposal.
<scp><scp>Nus</scp></scp> transcription elongation factors and <scp>RNase III</scp> modulate small ribosome subunit biogenesis in <i><scp>E</scp>scherichia coli</i> (2012)

Escherichia coli NusA and NusB proteins bind specific sites, such as those in the leader and spacer sequences that flank the 16S region of the ribosomal RNA transcript, forming a complex with RNA polymerase that suppresses Rho-dependent transcription termination. Although antitermination has long been the accepted role for Nus factors in rRNA synthesis, we propose that another major role for the Nus-modified transcription complex in rrn operons is as an RNA chaperone insuring co-ordination of 16S rRNA folding and RNase III processing that results in production of proper 30S ribosome subunits. This contrarian proposal is based on our studies of nusA and nusB cold-sensitive mutations that have altered translation and at low temperature accumulate 30S subunit precursors. Both phenotypes are suppressed by deletion of RNase III. We argue that these results are consistent with the idea that the nus mutations cause altered rRNA folding that leads to abnormal 30S subunits and slow translation. According to this idea, functional Nus proteins stabilize an RNA loop between their binding sites in the 5' RNA leader and on the transcribing RNA polymerase, providing a topological constraint on the RNA that aids normal rRNA folding and processing.
Effect of Motor Practice on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults (2007)

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of motor practice on cognitive and motor performance in older adults under single- and dual-task conditions. Fourteen younger (19-28 years) and 12 older adults (67-75 years) performed a precision grip sine wave force-tracking and a working memory task under single- and dual-task conditions. Participants performed a pretest, 100 motor practice trials, and a post-test. In the force-tracking and cognitive task, young outperformed older adults. Motor practice improved force-tracking under single- and dual-task conditions for both groups. However, practice did not prevent a decline in motor performance for older adults when they moved from single- to dual-task conditions. After practice, older adults improved cognitive performance in dual-task conditions. Advances in age appear to be associated with a decrease in the ability to manage and coordinate multiple tasks, which remains after extended practice.
Joint channel estimation and OFDM synchronization in multipath fading (2004)

We consider the problem of channel estimation and symbol and frequency synchronization for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in multipath fading environment with pilot data. We developed an algorithm to estimate the channel, symbol timing and frequency offset simultaneously by using a technique based on maximum-likelihood theory. Unlike existing joint algorithms which operate on frequency domain (FFT demodulated data), our algorithm works on raw received data, avoiding the need of a coarse synchronization algorithm. Thus, it is much simpler yet robust. Simulation results also show that our algorithm is more accurate and reliable than existing algorithms.
A W-band surface micromachined monopole for low-cost wireless communication systems (2004)

A W-band CPW-fed 3-D quarter-wavelength monopole that is vertically mounted on a variety of substrates is reported for the first time. A transition from coplanar waveguide to vertical coaxial structure is investigated. The structure demonstrates broadband impedance matching and symmetry radiation pattern in W-band. Greater than 10 dB return loss over 19 GHz bandwidth is measured on chromium coated soda-lime glass substrate, while over 10 GHz bandwidth for silicon and sapphire substrates is also observed in simulation. As a low-cost solution without etching requirements, this idea can be easily extended to integrate with other RF front-end components and to design more compact millimetre wave systems. Experimental and numerical simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the idea.