gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence, organization, and evolution of the A+T region of Drosophila melanogaster mitochondrial DNA. (1994)

The long (4.6-kb) A+T region of Drosophila melanogaster mitochondrial DNA has been cloned and sequenced. The A+T region is organized in two large arrays of tandemly repeated DNA sequence elements, with nonrepetitive intervening and flanking sequences comprising only 22% of its length. The first repeat array consists of five repeats of 338-373 bp. The second consists of four intact 464-bp repeats and a fifth partial repeat of 137 bp. Three DNA sequence elements are found to be highly conserved in D. melanogaster and in several Drosophila species with short A+T regions. These include a 300-bp DNA sequence element that overlaps the DNA replication origin and two thymidylate stretches identified on opposite DNA strands. We conclude that the length heterogeneity observed in the A+T regulatory region in mitochondrial DNAs from the genus Drosophila results from the expansion (and contraction) of the number of repeated DNA sequence elements. We also propose that the 300-bp conserved DNA sequence element, in conjunction with another primary sequence determinant, perhaps the adjacent thymidylate stretch, functions in the regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication.
Silicon-on-Insulator Microspectrometer (2008)

Miniature optical spectrometers have huge potential for application in mobile sensors which are capable of real-time environmental monitoring at any time, in any place. In this paper, we demonstrate that the heterogeneous integration of InGaAs photodetectors onto very compact silicon-on-insulator echelle grating demultiplexers is an efficient approach for the fabrication of highly integrated, cost-effective and performant spectrometers-on-a-chip.
A Mouse Model Characterizing Features of Vascular Dementia With Hippocampal Atrophy (2010)

These results suggest that the longer-term BCAS model replicates advanced stages of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia when hippocampal neuronal loss becomes significant.
<i>NADA</i> and Mafohla: Antiquarianism in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe with Special Reference to the Work of F.W.T. Posselt (1986)

One of the casualties of the transition from Rhodesia to Zimbabwe in 1980 was the journal NADA , which came to an end with the breakup of the government ministry that sponsored it. NADA originally stood for Native Affairs Department Annual and ran to 57 issues between 1923 and 1980. Essentially, it was intended to be the Southern Rhodesian equivalent of the Uganda Journal or Tanganyika Notes and Records , and it is not surprising that out of the 912 articles published in it at least 40% were by identifiable officials of the Native Affairs Department or its successor, the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Out of another 37% of contributors classifiable as ‘general,’ a considerable number were undoubtedly NAD officials hiding behind uncrackable pseudonyms and initials, while others in this category were policemen, forest and game rangers, education and agricultural officers, and so forth. Consequently, the journal always had a fairly ‘official’ image, in spite of editorial disclaimers, and this image became the more pronounced after the Rhodesian Front gained control of the government, with more official reports and statements filling the pages.
Dynamic Identity Delegation Using Access Tokens in Federated Environments (2011)

Identity delegation is an act whereby an entity delegates his or her authority to use identity information to another entity. It has most often been implemented in enterprise environments, but previous studies have focused little on the dynamic data and access management model as well as the design from a practical viewpoint. An identity delegation framework is described for using access tokens across security domains. The framework enables fine-grained access control with limited overhead cost for access management and permission assignment for delegated access.
XTLS: End-to-End Encryption for the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) Using Transport Layer Security (TLS) (2009)

This document specifies XTLS, a protocol for end-to-end encryption
of Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) traffic via an
application-level usage of Transport Layer Security (TLS). XTLS treats
the end-to-end exchange of XML stanzas as a virtual transport and uses
TLS to secure that transport, thus enabling XMPP entities to
communicate in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping,
tampering, and forgery of XML stanzas. The protocol can be used for
secure end-to-end messaging as well as any others application such as
file transfer.
An Efficient, Commercially Viable, and Safe Process for Preparation of Losartan Potassium, an Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist (2012)

An efficient, commercially viable and safe process for the preparation of losartan potassium, an antihypertensive drug substance, with an overall yield of 55.5% and ∼99.9% purity (including five chemical reactions and two recrystallizations) and meeting all other regulatory requirements is described. Formation and control of all the possible impurities are also described.
A high-performance planar piezoresistive accelerometer (2000)

The micromachined piezoresistive accelerometer is now 20 years old. Design variations have been investigated, but commercial devices have generally maintained a consistent topology with incremental improvements. In this paper, a new approach is introduced to the design and construction of this device that offers functional and manufacturing advantages. Piezoresistive accelerometers are described that combine deep reactive ion etching and oblique ion implantation to form self-caging proof masses and flexures with vertical sidewalls and sidewall piezoresistive strain sensors. These devices deflect in-plane rather than out-of-plane, which allows one to form multiaxis accelerometers on one substrate. Performance is comparable to inexpensive commercial capacitive accelerometers and is limited by 1/f noise. The design, fabrication, and experimental characterization is presented. This new topology provides the foundation for a new category of piezoresistive accelerometers.
Building PUF Based Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol for IoT Without Explicit CRPs in Verifier Database (2018)

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) promise to be a critical hardware primitive to provide unique identities to billions of connected devices in Internet of Things (IoTs). In traditional authentication protocols a user presents a set of credentials with an accompanying proof such as password or digital certificate. However, IoTs need more evolved methods as these classical techniques suffer from the pressing problems of password dependency and inability to bind access requests to the “things” from which they originate. Additionally, the protocols need to be lightweight and heterogeneous. Although PUFs seem promising to develop such mechanism, it puts forward an open problem of how to develop such mechanism without needing to store the secret challenge-response pair (CRP) explicitly at the verifier end. In this paper, we develop an authentication and key exchange protocol by combining the ideas of Identity based Encryption (IBE), PUFs and Key-ed Hash Function to show that this combination can help to do away with this requirement. The security of the protocol is proved formally under the Session Key Security and the Universal Composability Framework. A prototype of the protocol has been implemented to realize a secured video surveillance camera using a combination of an Intel Edison board, with a Digilent Nexys-4 FPGA board consisting of an Artix-7 FPGA, together serving as the IoT node. We show, though the stand-alone video camera can be subjected to man-in-the-middle attack via IP-spoofing using standard network penetration tools, the camera augmented with the proposed protocol resists such attacks and it suits aptly in an IoT infrastructure making the protocol deployable for the industry.
Synthesen mit Alkylschwefelchloriden (VI. Mitteil. über organische Schwefelchloride) (1953)

Abstract Die Einführung von Alkylschwefel‐Gruppen in organische Verbindungen mit Hilfe der von H. Brintzinger und Mitarbb. erstmalig dargestellten Verbindungen Methylschwefelchlorid und Äthylschwefelchlorid wird beschrieben.
The Facial Paralysis Prognostic Index (1983)

The treatment of facial paralysis requires a reliable estimate of prognosis as well as an accurate diagnosis. Although the majority of patients recover, the degree of subsequent facial function varies. An estimation of the risk of nerve degeneration and subsequent disability is needed to guide therapy and to advise patients. Currently, prognosis is obtained by clinical evaluation of initial signs and symptoms, specific nerve excitability and function testing, and response to medical therapy. This study attempts to identify and quantitate factors that predict the outcome of facial paralysis. In 1214 patients with Bell's palsy, we identified factors associated with a severe course or poor outcome. We analyzed the predictive value of each item in an extensive research protocol, estimating the relative contribution to the total risk of unfavorable outcome by means of multiple regression models. With the use of these data, we have developed the facial paralysis prognostic index (FPPI). The FPPI can assist otologists to more accurately estimate outcome based on physical examination and electrical testing.
Direct hole injection in to 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl: A simple pathway to achieve efficient organic light emitting diodes (2010)

The conventional carrier-blocking design of the exciton formation zone used in nearly all organic light emitting diodes is shown to be problematic, due to exciton quenching from accumulated radical cations. To reduce exciton quenching, a single layer of 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) is used as hole transport layer, resulting in a dramatically improved device efficiency even at high luminance (e.g., 20.5 cd/A at 100 000 cd/m2 for fluorescent green). Various high work function transition metal oxides (WO3, V2O5, and MoO3) coated on indium tin oxide anodes have been shown to enable direct hole injection into the deep highest occupied molecular orbital of CBP (6.1 eV).
Symmetric Key Cryptography using Dynamic Key and Linear Congruential Generator (LCG) (2012)

The present work deals with a new symmetric key cryptographic method using dynamic key.The demand for adequate security to electronic data system grows high over the decades.In the present work the authors have used the Linear Congruential Generator (LCG) for generating key.This is a block cipher technique.The advantage of the present method is that for every pair of encryption & decryption operation a new dynamic key is generated thus the process is very hard to break.The cryptography no longer relies on long term shared keys which are vulnerable under cryptanalysis attacks.It is impossible to detect patterns with which to perform cryptanalysis on the dynamic key.In the present work the authors have introduced concept of dynamic key with symmetric cryptography.Dynamic key is similar to one time pad.In this paper, a dynamic key theory is described and mathematically analyzed.In the present method author proposed a cryptography system in which four rounds of encryption & decryption are performed.In each round different parts of dynamic key are applied in order to make it hard against cryptanalysis attacks.
Impact of a Spun-Cast MoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Layer on the Enhanced Moisture Stability and Performance-Limiting Behaviors of Perovskite Solar Cells (2021)

Organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which have good environmental durability, are of great interest for practical applications. In this work, we show that a solution-processed MoOx layer acts as a buffer layer against high moisture stress to suppress defects in the perovskite and as a hole transport layer. The inversion of the photoinduced charge migration behaviors, that is, the electron preferentially moving toward the surface when MoOx is directly deposited onto the perovskite, is found to cause a significant loss in device functionality. The deposition of MoOx onto spiro-OMeTAD results in a lower photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) hysteresis behavior, a greatly enhanced electrical conductivity, and a significantly stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) when compared with those of devices without the MoOx layer. More importantly, the PCEs of the MoOx-based devices are retained at over 85% of their initial value, while only 75% is retained for a reference cell. This work highlights the facial fabrication approach of the solution-based MoOx layer and provides experimental evidence of the photogenerated charge migration behaviors on the perovskite/MoOx interface. This information would be beneficial for the further design and development of PSC technology.
A New Multidentate Hexacarboxylic Acid for the Construction of Porous Metal−Organic Frameworks of Diverse Structures and Porosities (2010)

Three porous metal−organic frameworks have been constructed from the new developed C3-symmetric hexacarboxylic acid 3,3′,3′′,5,5′,5′′-benzene-1,3,5-triyl-hexabenzoic acid (H6BHB) of different NaCl- and Al2O3-type topologies. The activated metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit permanent porosities as revealed in their gas and vapor adsorption isotherms, highlighting the promise of this new ligand for the construction of porous MOFs for gas storage and separation.
A Very Human Survey: The Cross-Cultural Inquiries of R. H. Mathews (1970)

In addressing the life and legacy of R. H. Mathews (1841-1918), this article queries the emphasis on 'otherness' that is common in much post-colonial commentary. The focus here is on the sharing of knowledge and other experiences of familiarity across cultures. Mathews was an Australian-born surveyor who turned to anthropology in the 1890s, publishing prolifically in Australia and overseas. Well known in Aboriginal communities through much of eastern Australia, he took advantage of contacts he had developed during his career as a surveyor. Such experience gave him a personal understanding of the land which greatly influenced his anthropological writing. In addition to direct interview, he also acquired information through correspondence with graziers and officials with Aboriginal employees or other connections with indigenous people. The article draws from some of these letters, many of which survive in the extensive R. H. Mathews Papers at the National Library of Australia. To date, the main source of information on Mathews has been a three-part article by A. P. Elkin published in the 1970s. Much information has since become available, including the testimony of Aboriginal informants who were recorded by Janet Mathews, a grand daughter-in-law of R. H. who worked for the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies as it was originally known (now AIATSIS). Mathews close connections in the Aboriginal world did nothing to protect him from the internecine feuding that characterised Australian anthropology in the Federation era. The article argues that Mathews' standing was damaged by a conspiracy involving the Melbourne-based Professor W. Baldwin Spencer who persuaded J. G. Frazer and other scholars in Britain never to acknowledge him or cite his work.
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Characterization of the Electrical Properties of Wrinkles in Exfoliated Graphene Monolayers (2009)

We report on the scanning tunneling microscopy study of a new class of corrugations in exfoliated monolayer graphene sheets, that is, wrinkles approximately 10 nm in width and approximately 3 nm in height. We found such corrugations to be ubiquitous in graphene and have distinctly different properties when compared to other regions of graphene. In particular, a "three-for-six" triangular pattern of atoms is exclusively and consistently observed on wrinkles, suggesting the local curvature of the wrinkle provides a sufficient perturbation to break the 6-fold symmetry of the graphene lattice. Through scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we further demonstrate that the wrinkles have lower electrical conductance and are characterized by the presence of midgap states, which is in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. The observed wrinkles are likely important for understanding the electrical properties of graphene.
Monitoring of Vital Signs with Flexible and Wearable Medical Devices (2016)

Advances in wireless technologies, low-power electronics, the internet of things, and in the domain of connected health are driving innovations in wearable medical devices at a tremendous pace. Wearable sensor systems composed of flexible and stretchable materials have the potential to better interface to the human skin, whereas silicon-based electronics are extremely efficient in sensor data processing and transmission. Therefore, flexible and stretchable sensors combined with low-power silicon-based electronics are a viable and efficient approach for medical monitoring. Flexible medical devices designed for monitoring human vital signs, such as body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, pulse oxygenation, and blood glucose have applications in both fitness monitoring and medical diagnostics. As a review of the latest development in flexible and wearable human vitals sensors, the essential components required for vitals sensors are outlined and discussed here, including the reported sensor systems, sensing mechanisms, sensor fabrication, power, and data processing requirements.
Transfection of cells from patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency with an integrin beta subunit (CD18) restores lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 expression and function. (1990)

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an inherited immunodeficiency disease that is characterized by the deficient expression of the leukocyte adhesion glycoproteins lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), Mac-1, and p150,95. This loss of expression is attributed to heterogeneous defects in the common beta subunit shared by these glycoproteins. Here we demonstrate that expression of the LFA-1 alpha beta heterodimer in EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cells from LAD patients can be recovered after transfection with the beta subunit cDNA contained in an EBV-based vector. Four patients with differing severities of LAD comprising three distinct classes of mutations were studied. Flow cytometry analysis of stably transfected patient cells revealed near normal levels of expression of both the alpha and beta chains of LFA-1, and immunoprecipitation studies confirmed that fully processed alpha and beta chains were being expressed at the cell surface. In addition, Northern analysis of mRNA expression also demonstrated that the transfected LAD patient cells were expressing high quantities of exogenous beta subunit mRNA. Functional studies such as homotypic adhesion and adhesion to a purified counterreceptor for LFA-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, demonstrated that LFA-1 function had been restored in the stably transfected LAD patient cell lines. These studies unequivocally show that the defect in cells from patients with LAD is in the leukocyte integrin beta subunit.
A Comprehensive Model for Predicting Internal Corrosion Rates in Flowlines and Pipelines (2004)

A computer model has been developed which is capable of predicting the physical and chemical condition inside of a flowline or pipeline. From this information it is then possible to provide a prediction of the internal corrosion rate.This
Injectable calcium phosphate cement: Effects of powder‐to‐liquid ratio and needle size (2007)

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) sets in situ and forms apatite with excellent osteoconductivity and bone-replacement capability. The objectives of this study were to formulate an injectable tetracalcium phosphate-dicalcium phosphate cement (CPC(D)), and investigate the powder/liquid ratio and needle-size effects. The injection force (mean +/- SD; n = 4) to extrude the paste increased from (8 +/- 2) N using a 10-gauge needle to (144 +/- 17) N using a 21-gauge needle (p < 0.05). With the 10-gauge needle, the mass percentage of extruded paste was (95 +/- 4)% at a powder/liquid ratio of 3; it decreased to (70 +/- 12)% at powder/liquid = 3.5 (p < 0.05). A relationship was established between injection force, F, and needle lumen cross-sectional area, A: F = 5.0 + 38.7/A(0.8). Flexural strength, S, (mean +/- SD; n = 5) increased from (5.3 +/- 0.8) MPa at powder/liquid= 2 to (11.0 +/- 0.8) MPa at powder/liquid = 3.5 (p < 0.05). Pore volume fraction, P, ranged from 62.4% to 47.9%. A relationship was established: S = 47.7 x (1 - P)(2.3). The strength of the injectable CPC(D) matched/exceeded the reported strengths of sintered porous hydroxyapatite implants that required machining. The novel injectable CPC(D) with a relatively high strength may be useful in filling defects with limited accessibility such as periodontal repair and tooth root-canal fillings, and in minimally-invasive techniques such as percutaneous vertebroplasty to fill the lesions and to strengthen the osteoporotic bone.
Band Structure of the Layered Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides: An Experimental Study by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance on Nb-Doped Mo<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1972)

An axial EPR spectrum has been observed for the holes that result when Nb is substituted for Mo in Mo${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. From the values of the $g$ tensor it is determined that the holes are in a ${d}_{{z}^{2}}$ band into which the spin-orbit interaction admixes some ${d}_{\mathrm{xz}}$ and ${d}_{\mathrm{yz}}$ orbitals. The EPR results are discussed in terms of the various energy-band structures that have been proposed for Mo${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. The data are found to be consistent with the band structure suggested by Wilson and Yoffe.
<title>GaAlAs p-i-n Junction Waveguide Modulators.</title> (1983)

The electro-optical effect (Pockels Effect) induced in zincblende structures can be utilized to modify the phase and polarization characteristics of the transmitted light. The III-V group of semiconductors and their ternary and quaternary mixtures represent a particularly important group of zincblende structures because these also provide the most important semiconductor laser materials. The characteristics of different crystal orientations and their possible uses in optical communication systems are reviewed. Polarization modulators are practically interesting devices which can be fabricated from these materials in waveguide form. Possible applications for these - in addition to polarization control - are intensity modulation and optical isolation. Polarization characteristics are analyzed with the help of Jones matrices. An example of a simple polarization modulator is presented and experimental results discussed. A good agreement with theoretical predictions was attained.