gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Digital Ratkmter with the Rapid Response Speed (1972)

A feedback method of digital measuring of the rate of statistically distributed pulses is described. The system adapts automatically to the situation at its input. If great changes of measured quantity are observed, the output follows these changes fast with greater standard deviation; later the first "estimation" of the value of measured quantity is further improved. The basic dynamic properties as well aa standard deviation both at transient and steady-state are described and dynamic properties of various methods of digital rate measuring are compared. The desoribed method of rate measuring can be applied also to digital measuring of relative rate n/no or of rate relative difference (n - no)/no.
The continuing evolution of Advanced Function Printing (1993)

Advanced Function Printing™ (AFP™) has become one of the de facto printing standards. It is a broad architecture to support printing across an entire enterprise and encompasses IBM architectures as well as industry standards. AFP had its beginnings in the IBM System/370™ environment in 1984 and has since expanded to include midrange and local area network systems. Recently the capabilities of AFP have been extended beyond printing to include on-line viewing and management of presentation data. An overview of AFP capabilities was given in an earlier issue of the IBM Systems Journal. This paper traces the continuing evolution of AFP and its usage and how it is addressing the presentation requirements of businesses in the 1990s.
Comprehension of Abstract and Concrete Commands by High and Low Level Aphasic Subjects: Effects of Presentation Mode (1984)

This study examined the effects of live voice (LV), tape recorded (TR) and videotape recorded (VTR) presentations on high and low level aphasic subjects' auditory comprehension of abstract and concrete token test commands. Subjects' understanding of Token Test commands was not influenced significantly by mode of presentation. The performances of high-comprehension and low-comprehension aphasic groups was not significantly different. Analysis of weighted token test scores, but not plus-minus scores, showed subjects to perform significantly better on concrete than abstract token test commands. Clinical implications emerging from the study are 1) that the Token Test should probably be delivered by tape recorder to standardize presentation and 2) that the use of recorded stimuli may provide a valuable adjunctive means of providing auditory comprehension training for some aphasic clients.
Magnets Applied to Acupuncture Points as Therapy – a Literature Review (2008)

Based on this literature review we believe further investigation of acu-magnet therapy is warranted particularly for the management of diabetes and insomnia. The overall poor quality of the controlled trials precludes any evidence based treatment recommendations at this time.
Generalized Grid Framework for multi sensor data fusion (2008)

This paper presents a methodology for multi sensor data fusion that uses the accumulation grid idea for the representation of data. A generalized grid framework is introduced to represent measurement data and fusion results in a common way. This allows the definition of standardized prediction and fusion operations and includes the variation between Cartesian and polar grids as well as the extension to 3D grids. It is shown that most of the typical object detection and tracking schemas can be represented by the framework. Two application examples including processing results from the field of automotive environment recognition are given to demonstrate special cases of the framework.
Tunable High Aspect Ratio Iron Oxide Nanorods for Enhanced Hyperthermia (2016)

Despite magnetic hyperthermia being considered one of the most promising techniques for cancer treatment, until now spherical magnetite (Fe3O4) or maghemite (?-Fe2O3) nanoparticles, which are the most commonly employed and only FDA approved materials, yield the limited heating capacity. Therefore, there is an increasing need for new strategies to improve the heating efficiency or the specific absorption rate (SAR) of these nanosystems. Recently, a large improvement in SAR has been reported for nanocubes of Fe3O4 relative to their spherical counterpart, as a result of their enhanced surface anisotropy and chainlike particle formation. Considering the proven advantages of high aspect ratio one-dimensional (1D) Fe3O4 nanostructures over their spherical and cubic counterparts, such as larger surface area, multisegmented capabilities, enhanced blood circulation time, and prolonged retention in tumors, we propose a novel approach that utilizes this 1D nanostructure for enhanced hyperthermia. Here, we demonstrate that the SAR of iron oxide nanostructures can be enhanced and tuned by altering their aspect ratio. Calorimetric and ac magnetometry experiments performed for the first time on highly crystalline Fe3O4 nanorods consistently show large SAR values (862 W/g for an ac field of 800 Oe), which are superior to spherical and cubic nanoparticles of similar volume (?140 and -314 W/g, respectively). Increasing the aspect ratio of the nanorods from 6 to 11 improves the SAR by 1.5 times. The nanorods are rapidly aligned by the applied ac field, which appreciably increases the SAR values. A detailed analysis of the effect of the alignment of the nanorods in agar indicates an appreciable SAR increase up to 30% when the nanorods are parallel to the field. These findings pave a new pathway for the design of novel high-aspect ratio magnetic nanostructures for advanced hyperthermia.
Comparative linkage mapping of the <i>Grey</i> coat colour gene in horses<sup>1</sup> (2005)

Grey horses are born coloured, turn progressively grey and often develop melanomas late in life. Grey shows an autosomal dominant inheritance and the locus has previously been mapped to horse chromosome 25 (ECA25), around the TXN gene. We have now developed eight new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with genes on ECA25 using information on the linear order of genes on human chromosome 9q, as well as the human and mouse coding sequences. These SNPs were mapped in relation to the Grey locus using more than 300 progeny from matings between two Swedish Warmblood grey stallions and non-grey mares. Grey was firmly assigned to an interval with flanking markers NANS and ABCA1. This corresponds to a region of approximately 6.9 Mb on human chromosome 9q. Furthermore, no recombination was observed between Grey, TGFBR1 and TMEFF1, the last two being 1.4 Mb apart in human. There are no obvious candidate genes in this region and none of the genes has been associated with pigmentation disorders or melanoma development, suggesting that the grey phenotype is caused by a mutation in a novel gene.
Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase Reduces the Number of Apical Small Conductance K+ Channels in the Rat Cortical Collecting Duct (2000)

Previous studies have demonstrated that an increase in the activity of protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) is involved in the down-regulation of the activity of apical small conductance K(+) (SK) channels in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) from rats on a K(+)-deficient diet (). We used the patch clamp technique to investigate the role of protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) in the regulation of the activity of SK channels in the CCD from rats on a high K(+) diet. Western blot analysis indicated that PTP-1D is expressed in the renal cortex. Application of 1 microm phenylarsine oxide (PAO) or 1 mm benzylphosphonic acid, agents that inhibit PTP, reversibly reduced channel activity by 95%. Pretreatment of CCDs with PAO for 30 min decreased the mean NP(o) reversibly from control value 3.20 to 0.40. Addition of 1 microm herbimycin A, an inhibitor of PTK, had no significant effect on channel activity in the CCDs from rats on a high K(+) diet. However, herbimycin A abolished the inhibitory effect of PAO, indicating that the effect of PAO is the result of interaction between PTK and PTP. Addition of brefeldin A, an agent that blocks protein trafficking from Golgi complex to the membrane, had no effect on channel activity. Moreover, application of colchicine, a microtubule inhibitor, or paclitaxel, a microtubule stabilizer, had no effect on channel activity. In contrast, PAO still reduced channel activity in the presence of brefeldin A, colchicine, or paclitaxel. Furthermore, the effect of PAO on channel activity was absent when the tubules were bathed in 16% sucrose-containing bath solution or treated with concanavalin A. We conclude that PTP is involved in the regulation of the activity of SK channels and that inhibition of PTP may facilitate the internalization of the SK channels.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF TRANS‐PERFLUORO‐2‐PENTENE WITH AMMONIA (1981)

Abstract trans‐Perfluor‐2‐penten (I) bildet mit Ammoniak 2‐Amino‐4‐imino‐perfluor‐2‐penten (II).
[Synchronous fluorescence and raman spectroscopy study on the interaction of pulsed electric field (PEF) and bovine serum albumin (BSA)]. (2006)

The interaction of pulsed electric field (PEF) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by synchronous fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. The results of synchronous fluorescence showed that pulsed electric field exerted its effects on the emission fluorescence spectrum and reduced the fluorescence intensities of the tyrosine and tryptophan side chains. The results of Raman spectroscopy verified this. These two experiments indicated that PEF exposure changed the microenvironments of the two aromatic amino adds, which were located in the active parts of BSA, and further indicated the conformational changes of the proteins, and the change in its biological functions.
A novel ion exchange system to purify mixed ISS waste water brines for chemical production and enhanced water recovery (2014)

Current International Space Station water recovery regimes produce a sizable portion of waste water brine. This brine is highly toxic and water recovery is poor: a highly wasteful proposition. With new biological techniques that do not require waste water chemical pretreatment, the resulting brine would be chromium-free and nitrate rich which can allow possible fertilizer recovery for future plant systems. Using a system of ion exchange resins we can remove hardness, sulfate, phosphate and nitrate from these brines to leave only sodium and potassium chloride. At this point modern chlor-alkali cells can be utilized to produce a low salt stream as well as an acid and base stream. The first stream can be used to gain higher water recovery through recycle to the water separation stage while the last two streams can be used to regenerate the ion exchange beds used here, as well as other ion exchange beds in the ISS. Conveniently these waste products from ion exchange regeneration would be suitable as plant fertilizer. In this report we go over the performance of state of the art resins designed for high selectivity of target ions under brine conditions. Using ersatz ISS waste water we can evaluate the performance of specific resins and calculate mass balances to determine resin effectiveness and process viability. If this system is feasible then we will be one step closer to closed loop environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) for current or future applications.
Enabling novel planetary and terrestrial mechanisms using electroactive materials at the JPL's NDEAA Lab (2004)

Increasingly, electroactive materials are used to produce acutators, sensors, displays and other elements of mechanisms and devices. In recognition of the potential of these materials, research at the JPL's NDEAA Lab have led to many novel space and terrestrial applications. This effort involves mostly the use of piezoelectric and electroactive polymers (EAP).
Isolated, well-defined organovanadium(<scp>iii</scp>) on silica: single-site catalyst for hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes (2017)

A well-defined, isolated, single-site organovanadium(iii) catalyst on SiO<sub>2</sub> [(SiO<sub>2</sub>)V(Mes)(THF)] was synthesized via surface organometallic chemistry, and fully characterized using a combination of analytical and spectroscopic techniques (EA, ICP, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, TGA-MS, EPR, XPS, DR-UV/Vis, UV-Raman, DRIFTS, XAS). The catalyst exhibits unprecedented reactivity in liquid- and gas-phase alkene/alkyne hydrogenation. Kinetic poisoning experiments revealed that 100% of the V sites are active for hydrogenation.
Different sensitivity of chromatin to acid denaturation in quiescent and cycling cells as revealed by flow cytometry. (1979)

The properties of DNA in situ as reflected by its staining with acridine orange are different in quiescent nonstimulated lymphocytes as compared with interphase lymphocytes that have entered the cell cycle after stimulation by mitogens. The difference is seen after cell treatment with buffers at pH 1.5 (1.3-1.9 range) followed by staining with acridine orange at pH 2.6 (2.3-2.9). Under these conditions the red metachromatic fluorescence of the acridine orange-DNA complex is higher in quiescent cells than in the cycling lymphocytes while the orthochromatic green fluorescence is higher in the cycling, interphase cells. The results suggest that DNA in condensed chromatin of quiescent lymphocytes (as in metaphase chromosomes) is more sensitive to acid-denaturation than DNA in dispersed chromatin of the cycling interphase cells. The phenomenon is used for flow cytometric differentiation between G0 and G1 cells and between G2 and M cells. In contrast to normal lymphocytes the method applied to neoplastic cells indicates the presence of cell subpopulations with condensed chromatin but with DNA content characteristic not only of G1 but also of S and G2 cells. The possibility that these cells represent quiescent (resting) subpopulations, arrested in G1, S and/or G2, is discussed.
The use of methylphenidate in patients with incident cancer pain receiving regular opiates. A preliminary report (1992)

In this open, uncontrolled trial, 15 patients with severe incident cancer pain receiving regular opiates were administered 10 mg oral methylphenidate (MP) at 08.00 h and 15 mg at 12.00 h in order to antagonize opiate-induced sedation. The daily dose of opiate was increased by 30% 24 h after starting MP, followed by a 10% increase twice a day until maximal tolerated dose. In 14 evaluable patients, pain (VAS 0-100 mm), sedation (VAS), and mean equivalent daily dose (MEDD) of morphine were 55 +/- 17, 65 +/- 18 and 248 +/- 150 48 h before MP, versus 38 +/- 12 (P less than 0.01), 42 +/- 12 (P less than 0.01), and 405 +/- 130 (P less than 0.01) 48 h after MP, respectively. After 48 h of treatment, 12 of 14 patients felt better on MP, 2 of 12 patients felt no difference, and no patients felt worse (P less than 0.05). We conclude that the addition of MP allowed for an increase in the MEDD of morphine and increased pain control. Controlled double-blind trials should be performed.
Analysis of clinical data using neural nets (1996)

Clinical studies investigate the interdependence of dosing regimen, efficacy, and side effects. These relationships often involve complex dynamical functions. The study of phenomena intermediate between dosing and efficacy, e.g., pharmacokinetics (PK), helps one identify and understand these interdependences. However, efficacy still tends to be a complicated function of PK parameters, and indeed these parameters are becoming more complex as a function of dosing regimen, viz., studies involving immunosuppressants, biotechnology drugs, sophisticated delivery systems, and dosing strategies. Stationary and time-dependent neural nets can help one identify and model such unknown complex dynamical functions with few assumptions and limited data (1-7). Neural nets can relate dosing directly to efficacy, dosing to PK, PK to efficacy, or any component in the complex associations among treatments, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and side effects. Neural nets can also assist one in the design of clinical trials involving complex and sophisticated procedures, e.g., randomized controlled clinical trials.
Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Ni–Co@C Catalysts for Urea Oxidation in Urea/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Fuel Cells (2021)

Low-cost Ni-based catalysts have been widely used for urea oxidation in direct urea fuel cells. However, they suffer from issues such as high overpotential, poor stability, and low activity. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a highly porous nanostructured Ni-Co@C catalyst for efficient electrooxidation of urea, via the calcination of Co-doped Ni-based metal-organic framework (Ni/Co-MOF). The porosity of the MOF-derived particles is considerably higher than the Ni/Co-MOF precursor. Furthermore, the Co doping at 30 mol% significantly increases the peak current density and reduces the overpotential of the electro-oxidation of urea. A urea/H₂O₂ fuel cell with Ni<sub>0.7</sub>Co<sub>0.3</sub>@C as the anode exhibits maximum power density of 3.4 and 20.0 mW cm<sup>-2</sup> with 0.5 M urea in 5 M KOH as anolyte at 25 and 80 °C, respectively. Thus, this work suggests that the highly porous Ni-Co@C catalysts derived from MOF templates can be used for urea oxidation and as efficient anode materials for urea-based fuel cells.
Identifying Noncooperative Subjects at a Distance Using Face Images and Inferred Three-Dimensional Face Models (2008)

We present an approach to identify noncooperative individuals at a distance from a sequence of images, using 3-D face models. Most biometric features (such as fingerprints, hand shape, iris, or retinal scans) require cooperative subjects in close proximity to the biometric system. We process images acquired with an ultrahigh-resolution video camera, infer the location of the subjects' head, use this information to crop the region of interest, build a 3-D face model, and use this 3-D model to perform biometric identification. To build the 3-D model, we use an image sequence, as natural head and body motion provides enough viewpoint variation to perform stereomotion for 3-D face reconstruction. We have conducted experiments on a 2-D and 3-D databases collected in our laboratory. First, we found that metric 3-D face models can be used for recognition by using simple scaling method even though there is no exact scale in the 3-D reconstruction. Second, experiments using a commercial 3-D matching engine suggest the feasibility of the proposed approach for recognition against 3-D galleries at a distance (3, 6, and 9 m). Moreover, we show initial 3-D face modeling results on various factors including head motion, outdoor lighting conditions, and glasses. The evaluation results suggest that video data alone, at a distance of 3 to 9 meters, can provide a 3-D face shape that supports successful face recognition. The performance of 3-D-3-D recognition with the currently generated models does not quite match that of 2-D-2-D. We attribute this to the quality of the inferred models, and this suggests a clear path for future research.
Muscle-propelled force feedback (2013)

We propose mobile force feedback devices based on actuating the user's muscles using electrical stimulation. Since this allows us to eliminate exoskeletons, motors and reduce battery size, our approach results in devices that are substantially smaller and lighter than traditional motor-based devices, and thus suitable for usage on-the-go. We present a simple prototype that we mount to the back of a mobile phone. It actuates users' forearm muscles via four electrodes, causing the muscles to contract involuntarily, so that users tilt the device sideways. As users resist this motion using their other arm, they perceive force feedback. We demonstrate the interaction at the example of three interactive videogames in which our approach to mobile force feedback provides a richer gaming experience.
Indium tribromide-promoted arene-terminated epoxy olefin cyclization (2008)

An arene-terminated epoxy olefin cyclization was promoted by a water-tolerant Lewis acid to give tri- and tetracyclic 3beta-hydroxy terpenoids and steroid derivatives in 57 and 37% yields, respectively, per new formed ring up to 75%.
An efficient coding scheme for surveillance videos captured by stationary cameras (2010)

In this paper, a new scheme is presented to improve the coding efficiency of sequences captured by stationary cameras (or namely, static cameras) for video surveillance applications. We introduce two novel kinds of frames (namely <i>background frame and difference frame</i>) for input frames to represent the foreground/background without object detection, tracking or segmentation. The background frame is built using a background modeling procedure and periodically updated while encoding. The difference frame is calculated using the input frame and the background frame. A sequence structure is proposed to generate high quality background frames and efficiently code difference frames without delay, and then surveillance videos can be easily compressed by encoding the background frames and difference frames in a traditional manner. In practice, the H.264/AVC encoder JM 16.0 is employed as a build-in coding module to encode those frames. Experimental results on eight in-door and out-door surveillance videos show that the proposed scheme achieves 0.12 dB~1.53 dB gain in PSNR over the JM 16.0 anchor specially configured for surveillance videos.
Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (2013)

Essentials of medical pharmacology , Essentials of medical pharmacology , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Affecting Factors and Predicting Equations on the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Dispersed Materials. (2003)

This paper is reviewed on the effective thermal conductivity of dispersed materials based on previous author's papers.The main articles represented in this review are as follows:(1) The various factors affected on effective thermal conductivity are listed.(2) The main approaches to research conductivity are explained with methods and models.(3) The effectiveness affecting to conductivity are evaluated by using various models and processes.(4) Representative predicting equations of effective thermal conductivity are tabled and evaluated by comparing between predicted values and experimental results.
A clinical, genetic and audiological study of patients and families with unilateral vestibular schwannomas. II. Audiological findings in 93 patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas (1996)

Nine-three patients with histologically or radiologically confirmed unilateral vestibular schwannomas were recruited. Audiological testing for retrocochlear pathology was undertaken. Patients' hospital records were examined for previous audiological and radiological results. The audiometric configuration was designated as one of the following: normal, sloping, low frequency, peak, trough or flat. A sloping sensorineural audiometric configuration was present in 68 per cent of cases. No significant correlation was found between tumour size and average pure tone threshold 500 Hz to 4000 Hz, optimum discrimination score or interaural differences for wave V. Ninety-one per cent of cases had abnormalities on auditory evoked potential; 92 per cent of cases showed abnormalities on stapedial reflex testing. The limitations of audiological testing in the investigation of patients with suspected unilateral vestibular schwannomas are discussed. A protocol for the investigation of such patients is presented.
Graphene-based Bolometers (2013)

This article reviews recent research for development of sensitive graphene photon detectors in the infrared/far infrared/THz range. For this range, graphene has promising potential in thermal photon detectors. Graphene has ultra-small volume and low electron density, which gives relatively large heating per absorbed photon and fast response. At low temperatures the electron-phonon energy loss is small, so ultrasensitive power detection is possible. We review recent research on the science base of such detectors, and outline the major design challenges. Important factors that must be considered in making useful detectors include the photon and readout coupling efficiency, the method of electron temperature readout, and thermal isolation of the hot electrons.