gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neighboring Group Participation in Solvolysis. X. Dissection of Ar1-5 and Ar2-6 Pathways in Trifluoroacetolysis of 4-Arylbutyl 6-Methyl-2-naphthalenesulfonates (1980)

Abstract Trifluoroacetolysis rates and products were determined for eleven 4-(m- and p-substituted phenyl) butyl 6-methyl-2-naphthalenesulfonates. Most substrates solvolyze predominantly or even exclusively with aryl assisted (kΔ) pathway. Dissection of kΔ into Ar1-5 and Ar2-6 components was performed by means of quantitative 13C NMR study of suitably labeled p-methyl and p-fluoro derivatives; the results were 32.4% Ar1-5 and 67.6% Ar2-6 for the former and 43.3% Ar1-5 and 56.7% Ar2-6 for the latter. For other substrates the dissection was carried out by postulating two independent linear free energy relationships (LFER) for the two pathways determined by the above four partial rates. Ar2-6 is much prefered over Ar1-5 through the series; for the unsubstituted derivative 90.6% Ar2-6 vs. 9.4% Ar1-5 was determined. A completely different approach by means of non-linear regression analysis of kΔ as a sum of two independent LFER gave fairly different and rather unsettled results, limitations of such an approach being suggested. The characteristics of remote aryl participation are discussed based on the above data.
Some Variations of the Grignard Synthesis of Phosphinic Acids (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Variations of the Grignard Synthesis of Phosphinic AcidsGennady M. KosolapoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 12, 5508–5509Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01168a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views283Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (283 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Elder Abuse: Critical Care Nurse Role in Detection (2000)

With an increasing number of elders entering hospital critical care units, the nurse in this setting has a responsibility for detecting signs and symptoms of elder abuse. Elder abuse is manifest in several ways including inflicted physical harm as a result of traumatic injuries or neglect, psychologic threats or intimidation, and even financial abuse when the elder's resources have been misappropriated by the caregiver. An Assessment Guide for Elder Abuse is an excellent screening tool for critical care nurses in detecting this escalating problem.
Molecular Assembly of P450 with Ferredoxin and Ferredoxin Reductase by Fusion to PCNA (2010)

Protein PUPPETs: Fusing a bacterial P450 and its two electron transfer-related proteins with S. solfataricus PCNAs can generate a functional stand-alone noncovalent heterotrimeric complex of these proteins (PCNA-utilized protein complex of P450 and its electron transfer-related proteins, PUPPET). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Polymorphisms in angiogenesis related genes predict clinical outcome in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with first line 5-FU or capecitabine in combination with oxaliplatin and bevacizumab (FOLFOX/BV or XELOX/BV) (2007)

10576 Background: The inhibition of angiogenesis is central to the mechanism of action of BV, a monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We evaluated functionally significant polymorphisms of genes involved in the angiogenesis/VEGF pathway as potential molecular predictors of clinical outcome in pts with mCRC who received BV as part of their frontline therapy. These genes included: VEGF, VEGF receptor 2 (KDR), neuropilin 1 (NRP 1), Interleukin (IL) 6 and 8, IL receptor 1 and 2 (CXCR 1, CXCR 2) adrenomedullin (AM), leptin, fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), tissue factor (TF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP 2,7,9), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), and nuclear factor kappa b (NFkb). Methods: PCR-RFLP assays were performed on genomic DNA extracted from the blood of 30 pts with mCRC treated with first-line FOLFOX/BV or XELOX/BV at USC. Results: the cohort consisted of 21 males and 9 females with a median age of 56 years (range: 29–81). 20 pts received XELOX/BV as part of an on-going phase II study, 10 pts received FOLFOX/BV. Radiologic response was evaluable in 27/30 pts: 2/27 (7%) complete response (CR), 14/27 (52%) partial response (PR), and 10/27 (37%) stable disease (SD) and 1/28 (4%) progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 19.4 months, 16/30 pts progressed with a median progression free survival (PFS) of 11.8 months. Pts homozygous A/A at the leptin 5'UTR region had a higher probability of response than pts with the G/A or G/G genotypes (p=0.03, Fisher's exact test). Pts with one or more G allele (G/G or A/G) at locus -181 in the promoter region of MMP7 had a higher probability of response than pts with the AA genotype (p=0.014, Fisher's exact test). There were statistically significant associations between genomic polymorphisms of KDR, CXCR2, MMP7 and PFS (<0.05, Log-rank test). Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated, in a preliminary fashion, the potential predictive and prognostic value of several genomic polymorphisms in pts with mCRC treated with FOLFOX/BV or XELOX/BV. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Poly(n-hexylsilyne): synthesis and properties of the first alkyl silicon [RSi]n network polymer (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(n-hexylsilyne): synthesis and properties of the first alkyl silicon [RSi]n network polymerPatricia A. Bianconi and Timothy W. WeidmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 7, 2342–2344Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00215a077https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00215a077research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views441Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
NetLogger: a toolkit for distributed system performance analysis (2002)

Diagnosis and debugging of performance problems on complex distributed systems requires end-to-end performance information at both the application and system level. We describe a methodology, called NetLogger, that enables real-time diagnosis of performance problems in such systems. The methodology includes tools for generating precision event logs, an interface to a system event-monitoring framework, and tools for visualizing the log data and real-time state of the distributed system. Low overhead is an important requirement for such tools, therefore we evaluate efficiency of the monitoring itself. The approach is novel in that it combines network, host, and application-level monitoring, providing a complete view of the entire system.
Development and Characterization of Novel Biomimetic Composite Scaffolds Based on Bioglass‐Collagen‐Hyaluronic Acid‐Phosphatidylserine for Tissue Engineering Applications (2006)

Abstract Summary: Biomimetic scaffolds are appealing products for the repair of bone defects using tissue engineering strategies. The present study prepared novel biomimetic composite scaffolds with similar composite to natural bone using bioactive glass, collagen, hyaluronic acid, and phosphatidylserine. The microstructure, swelling ratio, biodegradability, and biomineralization characteristic of the composite scaffolds with and without hyaluronic acid and phosphatidylserine were compared and analyzed by SEM/EDAX, XRD, and FTIR techniques and in vitro test, and the properties can be influenced by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/ N ‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) crosslinking. The optimized properties of the crosslinked composite scaffolds observed in this study show the possibility of their use of bioactive and bioresorbable scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. SEM micrographs of BG‐COL‐HYA‐PS composite scaffolds after immersion in SBF for 1 d. magnified image SEM micrographs of BG‐COL‐HYA‐PS composite scaffolds after immersion in SBF for 1 d.
Temperature dependence of the mobility of two-dimensional hole systems in modulation-doped GaAs-(AlGa)As (1984)

The temperature dependence of the mobility of two-dimensional hole systems at modulation-doped GaAs-(AlGa)As heterojunctions is determined. Its shape follows closely the equivalent curve for high-purity p-type bulk GaAs. Low-temperature mobilities beyond 4×104 cm2/Vs are found for areal hole densities of 5×1011 cm−2. The equivalent scattering times reach those of the best modulation-doped electron systems. In the temperature range where acoustic mode scattering prevails a T−3/4 dependence was observed. Studies under light illumination could not detect any persistent photoconductive effect in two-dimensional holes.
Research on Application of Cooling to Gas Turbines (1957)

Abstract The use of turbine cooling in gas-turbine engines can offer many performance benefits but, at the same time, it may result in added complication to the engine. The advantages that turbine cooling can offer to the engine designer and the results of some of the research that has been expended on the cooling of gas-turbine engines are discussed.
Spectrum of<i>ALMS1</i>variants and evaluation of genotype-phenotype correlations in Alström syndrome (2007)

Alström syndrome is a monogenic recessive disorder featuring an array of clinical manifestations, with systemic fibrosis and multiple organ involvement, including retinal degeneration, hearing loss, childhood obesity, diabetes mellitus, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), urological dysfunction, and pulmonary, hepatic, and renal failure. We evaluated a large cohort of patients with Alström syndrome for mutations in the ALMS1 gene. In total, 79 disease-causing variants were identified, of which 55 are novel mutations. The variants are primarily clustered in exons 8, 10, and 16, although we also identified novel mutations in exons 12 and 18. Most alleles were identified only once (45/79), but several were found recurrently. Founder effects are likely in families of English and Turkish descent. We also identified 66 SNPs and assessed the functional significance of these variants based on the conserved identity of the protein and the severity of the resulting amino acid substitution. A genotype-phenotype association study examining 18 phenotypic parameters in a subset of 58 patients found suggestive associations between disease-causing variants in exon 16 and the onset of retinal degeneration before the age of 1 year (P = 0.02), the occurrence of urological dysfunction (P = 0.02), of DCM (P = 0.03), and of diabetes (P = 0.03). A significant association was found between alterations in exon 8 and absent, mild, or delayed renal disease (P = 0.0007). This data may have implications for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ALMS1 and provides the basis for further investigation of how alternative splicing of ALMS1 contributes to the severity of the disease.
Acoustic network analysis as a novel technique for studying protein adsorption and denaturation at surfaces (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcoustic network analysis as a novel technique for studying protein adsorption and denaturation at surfacesMengsu. Yang, Foun Ling. Chung, and Michael. ThompsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1993, 65, 24, 3713–3716Publication Date (Print):December 15, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00072a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00072a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of 2,4-Disubstituted 5-Aminoimidazoles Using Microwave Irradiation (2006)

A microwave-assisted parallel synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted 5-aminoimidazoles has been developed. Significant rate enhancement was observed for all steps in the three-step protocol. The overall reaction time was shortened to 25 min, as compared to 53 h for the conventional procedures. A representative set of 2,4-disubstituted 5-aminoimidazoles was prepared using commercially available parallel reactors.
Phase shift nulling DC-field fibre-optic magnetometer (1984)

A closed-loop DC-field fibre-optic magnetometer is described which utilises the dependence of the AC magneto-strictive responsitivity of a metallic glass sensing element on the local DC field in order to detect low-frequency or DC changes in the total local field. A detection sensitivity of -2 μGs has been demonstrated at frequencies below 2 Hz.
A Comparative Study of Metamodels for Fast and Accurate Simulation of Nano-CMOS Circuits (2011)

Fast simulation is a bottleneck for design space exploration of complex nanoscale CMOS (nano-CMOS) analog and mixed-signal (AMS) circuits. This paper presents the use of “metamodels” for fast and accurate AMS circuit design exploration. A design process flow that uses metamodels is introduced. Metamodel generation is the most time-consuming step of the design flow. Consequently, accurate and fast sampling of the design space is essential for the creation of the metamodel. Different sampling techniques are investigated to minimize the number of samples required. This paper uses two nanoscale CMOS analog circuits: a 45-nm ring oscillator and a 180-nm LC-VCO, as case studies. It is observed that the parasitics generated from the physical design of the circuits have a drastic effect on their performance metrics, such as frequency. Four alternative sampling techniques, both random [Monte Carlo (MC)] and uniform [Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), middle Latin hypercube sampling (MLHS), and design of experiments (DOEs)], are considered and compared for speed and accuracy. This paper provides a thorough exploration of these sampling techniques to determine which one is more suitable to minimize sampling size for metamodel generation and optimize the design cycle. Experiments show that LHS sampling is best for both circuits, followed by MLHS, MC, and DOE. In this paper, it is also shown that polynomial metamodels of order higher than two (which are commonly used) provide best accuracy.
Micromotion of cemented and uncemented femoral components (1991)

We evaluated the initial stability of cemented and uncemented femoral components within the femoral canals of cadaver femurs during simulated single limb stance and stair climbing. Both types were very stable in simulated single limb stance (maximum micromotion of 42 microns for cemented and 30 microns for uncemented components). However, in simulated stair climbing, the cemented components were much more stable than the uncemented components (76 microns as against 280 microns). There was also greater variation in the stability of uncemented components in simulated stair climbing, with two of the seven components moving 200 microns or more. Future implant designs should aim to improve the initial stability of cementless femoral components under torsional loads; this should improve the chances of bony ingrowth.
The muscle-derived lens of a squid bioluminescent organ is biochemically convergent with the ocular lens. Evidence for recruitment of aldehyde dehydrogenase as a predominant structural protein. (1992)

Many of the structural proteins of ocular lenses, commonly referred to as crystallins, are identical to specific enzymes or the result of a recent gene duplication (Piatigorsky, J., and Wistow, G. (1991) Science 252, 1078-1079). One such enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), has been recruited as a lens crystallin in certain mammals (Wistow, G., and Kim, H. (1991) J. Mol. Evol. 32, 262-269) and cephalopods (Tomarev, S., Zinovieva, R., and Piatigorsky, J. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 24226-24231). We report here that a transparent tissue, derived from muscle but functioning as a lens in the light-emitting organ of a squid, Euprymna scolopes, shows striking biochemical convergence with the epidermally derived ocular lenses of some mammals and cephalopods. In the light organ lens of E. scolopes, an ALDH-like protein is the predominant molecular component. The typical muscle-specific proteins are replaced as the dominant species by a protein composed of 54-kDa subunits. This protein, which we designate as L-crystallin, constitutes approximately 70% of the total soluble protein of the light organ lens. The amino acid sequences of three peptides of L-crystallin (approximately 9% of the total protein) showed 54.5% sequence identity with human cytosolic ALDH. Using polyclonal antiserum made against L-crystallin, we found that it is present in low abundance in other tissues of the squid, including muscle and the ocular lens. This polyclonal antiserum also cross-reacted with the ALDH-like crystallins found in the ocular lenses of certain mammals and cephalopods. L-Crystallin showed no ALDH activity, which is similar to several other enzyme/crystallins, including ALDH/eta-crystallin (Wistow, G., and Kim, H. (1991) J. Mol. Evol. 32, 262-269). The characteristics of this muscle-derived lens are evidence that a common biochemical basis underlies transparency and that certain proteins may possess properties that promote their selection as lens structural proteins.
Significance of low level infliximab in the absence of anti-infliximab antibodies (2015)

DN status may result from false negative detection of IFX or ATI by double antigen ELISA, suggesting a transitional state of low-level immunogenicity, rather than non-immunological clearance.
Three‐dimensional topographic scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopic analyses of the irradiation effect on teeth by Nd:YAG, Er: YAG, and CO<sub>2</sub> lasers (2004)

A three-dimensional analyzer installed in a scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the morphology and surface roughness using noncontact profilometry. Observations were carried out on the enamel and dentin surface irradiated by three different lasers: Nd:YAG (wavelength 1.06 microm), Er:YAG (2.94 microm), and CO(2) (10.6 microm). Spectroscopic analysis was done by Raman spectroscopy for nonirradiated and laser-irradiated surfaces. The lasers were applied perpendicularly to vertically sectioned and polished human extracted caries-free molars. The tooth was sectioned at each cavity for cross-section analysis after laser irradiation. Irradiation by Nd:YAG and CO(2) lasers of the enamel surface showed an opaque white color, different from dentin where the surface turned black. The Er:YAG laser induced no changes in color of the dentin. Numerous cracks associated with thermal stress were observed in the CO(2) laser-irradiated dentin. Noncontact surface profile analysis of Er:YAG laser-irradiated enamel and dentin showed the deepest cavities, and direct cross-sectional observations of them showed similar cavity outlines. The CO(2) laser-irradiated dentin had the least surface roughness. Raman spectroscopic analysis showed that fluorescence from the laser-irradiated tooth was generally greater than from nonirradiated teeth. Bands in dentin attributed to organic collagen matrix were lost after Nd:YAG and CO(2) laser irradiation, and a broad peak due to amorphous carbon appeared. The Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin showed no sign of a carbon band and had more suitable results for dental ablation. Noncontact surface profile analysis was effective to evaluate the structural change in the tooth in the microarea of study after laser irradiation.
An efficient reliable broadcast protocol (1989)

Many distributed and parallel applications can make good use of broadcast communication. In this paper we present a (software) protocol that simulates reliable broadcast, even on an unreliable network. Using this protocol, application programs need not worry about lost messages. Recovery of communication failures is handled automatically and transparently by the protocol. In normal operation, our protocol is more efficient than previously published reliable broadcast protocols. An initial implementation of the protocol on 10 MC68020 CPUs connected by a 10 Mbit/sec Ethernet performs a reliable broadcast in 1.5 msec.