gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Obesity and periodontitis: a link. (2013)

Obesity and periodontitis are both diseases that represent significant health problems. Obesity currently impacts approximately one-third of the United States population and periodontitis affects an estimated 50% of the same population, ages 30 and over. It has been suggested that the possible relationship between obesity and periodontitis lies in the diseases' underlying inflammatory processes. The aim of this paper is to present those inflammatory pathways and to review the literature that has examined the association between obesity and periodontitis.
Therapeutic Targeting of Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptors in Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain States (2009)

Synthetic and naturally occurring cannabinoids are a focus of strong social, legal, and medical controversy concerning their therapeutic utility, yet studies show that cannabinoids reduce the hyperalgesia and allodynia associated with persistent pain of inflammatory and neuropathic origin in humans and animals. Furthermore, cannabinoids are effective in alleviating chronic pain symptoms after prolonged repeated treatment, unlike opioids, which have only limited effectiveness. A major impediment to the widespread use of cannabinoid analgesics has been their centrally mediated psychotropic side effects. In addition, there are various other conditions where selective activation (or blockade) of peripheral cannabinoid receptors could prove to be of clinical benefit. This chapter will contrast between the peripheral and central actions of cannabinoids to build a case for selective targeting of the peripheral cannabinoid receptors for therapeutic gain.
Interaction of Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) Nanoparticles with Antigen Presenting Cells In Vitro and In Vivo (2009)

We found that CPMV is bound and internalized by subsets of several populations of APCs both in vitro and in vivo following intravenous, intraperitoneal, and oral administration, and also by cells isolated from the Peyer's patch following gastrointestinal delivery. Surface vimentin was also expressed on APC populations that could internalize CPMV. These experiments demonstrate that APCs capture CPMV particles in vivo, and that further tuning the interaction with surface vimentin may facilitate increased uptake by APCs and priming of antibody responses. These studies also indicate that CPMV particles likely access the systemic circulation following oral delivery via the Peyer's patch.
Studies of (GaAl)As injection lasers operating with an optical fiber resonator (1980)

The characteristics of an optical fiber external resonator in conjunction with (GaAl)As stripe geometry lasers are described. We have observed a 6–10% reduction in the threshold current and have obtained 150 ps pulses at gigahertz repetition rates. The fiber resonator has also been used to quench self-pulsations in a (GaAl)As injection laser. In order to explain many of our results we have used a model that uses the conventional semiconductor rate equations modified by the addition of saturable electron traps and the effects of the external cavity. Our results predict many of the self-locking effects observed in injection lasers operating in an external cavity. Furthermore, the degree of self-locking will be a strong function of the external cavity length and the density of saturable absorbers.
The antifungal Dm‐AMP1 protein from <i>Dahlia merckii</i> expressed in <i>Solanum melongena</i> is released in root exudates and differentially affects pathogenic fungi and mycorrhizal symbiosis (2004)

• Transformed aubergine plants constitutively expressing the Dm-AMP1 antimicrobial defensin (from Dahlia merckii) were generated and characterized. • Transgenic plants were selected on kanamycin and screened by polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression of Dm-AMP1 in plant tissues and its release in root exudates were detected by Western blot analyses. Dm-AMP1 localization was performed by immunohistochemical experiments. • Dm-AMP1 expression ranged from 0.2% to 0.48% of total soluble proteins in primary transformants and from 0.16% to 0.66% in F<sub>2</sub> plants. Transformed clones showed resistance to the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea, whose development on leaves was reduced by 36-100%, with respect to controls. The protein was released in root exudates of the transformed plants and was active in reducing the growth of the co-cultured pathogenic fungus Verticillium albo-atrum, whereas it did not interfere with recognition responses and symbiosis establishment by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. • Dm-AMP1 transformants may represent a useful model to study the interactions between genetically modified plants and pathogenic fungi or beneficial nontarget microorganisms.
Registering α‐helices and β‐strands using backbone CH…O interactions (2003)

The possible occurrence of a novel helix terminating structural motif in proteins involving a stabilizing short C-H...O interaction has been examined using a dataset of 634 non-homologous protein structures (<or=2.0 A). The search for this motif was prompted by the crystallographic characterization of a novel structural feature in crystals of a synthetic decapeptide in which extension of a Schellman motif led to the formation of a C-H...O hydrogen bond between the T-4 C(alpha)H and the T+1 C=O groups, where T is the helix terminator adopting a left handed (alpha(L)) conformation. More than 100 such motifs with backbone conformation superposing well with the peptide examples were identified. In several examples, formation of this motif led to an approximately antiparallel arrangement of a helical segment with an extended beta-strand. Careful examination of these examples suggested the possibility of registering antiparallel arrangement of helices and strands by means of backbone C-H...O interactions with a regular periodicity. Model building resulted in the generation of idealized alphabeta and betaalpha motifs, which can then be generalized to higher-order repetitive structures. Inspection of the antiparallel alphabeta motif revealed a significant propensity for Ser, Glu, and Gln residues at the T-4 position resulting in further stabilization using an O...H-N side-chain-backbone hydrogen bond. Modeling studies revealed ready accommodation of serine residues along the helix face that contacts the strand. The theoretically generated folds correspond to "open" polypeptide structures.
Novel AroA with High Tolerance to Glyphosate, Encoded by a Gene of <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> 4G-1 Isolated from an Extremely Polluted Environment in China (2005)

Glyphosate has been used globally as a safe herbicide for weed control. It inhibits 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase (AroA), which is a key enzyme in the aromatic amino acid biosynthetic pathway in microorganisms and plants. A Pseudomonas putida strain, 4G-1, was isolated from a soil heavily contaminated by glyphosate in China. Its AroA-encoding gene (aroA) has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this AroA belongs neither to class I nor to class II AroA enzymes. When compared with E. coli AroA, 4G-1 AroA shows similar values for K(m)[PEP], K(m)[S3P], and specific enzyme activity. Moreover, 4G-1 AroA exhibits high tolerance to glyphosate, which indicates a protein with a high potential for structural and functional studies of AroA in general and its potential usage for the generation of transgenic crops resistant to the herbicide.
Doctrinas de amor y su expresión lírica en tiempos de Dante Alighieri (1998)

Doctrinas de amor y su expresión lírica en tiempos de Dante Alighieri
Synthesis of Only Two Heat Shock Proteins Is Required for Thermoadaptation in Cultured Cowpea Cells (1987)

Cell cultures of a heat sensitive genotype of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) were adapted to tolerate moderate levels of heat by maintaining cells at 32, 36, and 38 degrees C over many cell generations. Cells adapted to 32 and to 36 degrees C did not produce the typical heat shock proteins (HSP). Cells adapted to 38 degrees C synthesized two new proteins, which appear to be a subset of the HSP. In many temperature sensitive organisms it is thought that HSP confer thermotolerance. However, we hypothesize that specific proteins are associated with heat tolerance in cowpea, other heat tolerant plants (species such as sorghum and millet), and adapted cells which provide them with enhanced heat tolerance. From present data we suggest two proteins (70 and 80 kilodaltons) are strongly associated with heat tolerance and heat adaptation.
Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity of Metabolites Produced by a Nonobligate Bacterial Predator (2003)

A naturally occurring, gram-negative, nonobligate predator bacterial strain 679-2, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that is due, in part, to the production of three extracellular compounds. Antimicrobial-activity-directed fractionation of a culture of strain 679-2 against a panel of microorganisms has led to the isolation of three compounds: pyrrolnitrin, maculosin, and a new compound, which we have named banegasine. Although pyrrolnitrin is well known in the literature, it has not been found in cells with the herbicide maculosin. Further, this is the first report of production of maculosin by a prokaryote. Both maculosin and banegasine, which displayed no antimicrobial activities alone, were found to potentiate the antimicrobial activity of pyrrolnitrin. Based on 16S rRNA sequence, cellular fatty acid composition, and biochemical and cultural characteristics, strain 679-2 appears to represent a new genus and species of eubacteria, Aristabacter necator. The potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of predator strain 679-2 may be due to synergism between metabolites.
Integrated process feasibility of hard-mask for tight pitch interconnects fabrication (2011)

As scaling continues beyond nano-technology, integrated circuit reliability is gaining increasing concerns in IC (Integrated Circuit) fabrication technology with decreasing transistor gate size, and the impact of trace interconnect failure mechanisms on device performance and reliability will demand much more from integration schemes, interconnect materials, and processes. An optimal low-k dielectric material and their related deposition, pattern lithography, etching and cleaning are required to form dual-damascene interconnect patterns fabrication processes. As technology nodes advance to nanotechnology, metal hard-mask such as TiN is used to gain better etching selectivity and profile controlling to the low-k materials during the pattern etching process. A hard-mask scheme approach of interconnects patterning of wafer fabrication is the ability to transfer patterns into under layers with tightest optimal dimension control. Employing a hard-mask scheme in the fabrication process, successfully achieved lithography patterning, dry etch selectivity in high aspect ratio interconnects comparison with a non hard-mask process were discussed. An optimal planarization treatment of photo-resist, good etch selectivity, a feasible manufacturing integrated process of hard mask dual damascene scheme, optimal profile controlling the critical interconnects and good electrical device performances were studied for tight pitch damascene interconnect architecture.
3D Surface Measurement by Co‐ordinate Measuring Machine (1990)

ANY Co‐ordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) can probe points on a 3D surface, but not all can probe the relevant points and output useful data. Therefore consider first the objectives of surface measurement.
Effect of hydrogen in molten aluminum on the growth of micro-porosity and mechanical properties of squeeze cast material. (2000)

For automobile or other machine parts, the squeeze cast aluminum alloys have been used because of its lower defects compared to the conventional die cast aluminum alloys. The effect of the hydrogen in molten aluminum alloys on the growth of the micro-porosity and mechanical properties of the squeeze cast aluminum alloys were investigated. After controlling the hydrogen content, the molten alloy was cast into a cavity with 90 MPa. In the case of hydrogen-added material, the number density of the micro-porosities increased during solid-solution treatment regardless of the type of the alloys, AC4CH, AC8A or ADC12. On the other hand, porosity was scarcely found in the degased materials. Therefore, the formation of porosity is likely to be caused by the release of the supersaturated hydrogen to the α-aluminum phase during heat treatment. As to the as-cast AC4CH material, the fracture elongation was increased with addition of hydrogen. However the tensile strength of the as-cast or T6 material was little affected by the hydrogen content.
Formulation Factors Affecting Drug Release from Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Microcapsule Tablets (1999)

A sustained-release (SR) formulation of phenobarbital (PB) microcapsule tablet was prepared using low molecular weight (MW) DL- and high MW L-poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymer. Microencapsulation of PB showed a unimodal size distribution (375 to 550 microns) of the microcapsules with high loading capacity (> 84%). Drug release from the microcapsule was influenced by the polymer ratios and increased with an increase in L-PLA amount. Microcapsules and physical mixtures of PB and the PLA were directly compressed independently to form microcapsule and matrix tablets, respectively. Drug release from the microcapsule tablets was significantly lowered (p < .001) compared to matrix tablets or free microcapsule (free microcapsule > matrices > microcapsule tablets). We also investigated the effect of tablet adjuvants, compression pressures, and microcapsule loading on the tablet performance in terms of friability, hardness, porosity, tensile strength, and the release kinetics of PB. The drug release rate increased with increasing compression pressure in the case of Emcompress or lactose, but not Avicel. The drug release rate was three- to fivefold increased with sodium starch glycolate compared to tablets without a disintegrant. With an increase in microcapsule loading, a decrease in the drug release rate was observed; however, the tablet performance remained satisfactory. The morphology of the microcapsules was monitored microscopically after the dissolution and the disintegration of tablets. The drug release accelerated with compression pressures and microcapsule loading from the tablets due to mechanical destruction of the microcapsule wall, which was more clearly seen after disintegration and dissolution of the tablets. Our data suggest that the PLA microcapsule can be tableted to make a SR product without significantly affecting its release kinetics.
Reversed remodelling of dilated left sided cardiomyopathy after upgrading from VVIR to VVIR biventricular pacing (2002)

The occasionally observed progressive heart failure after right ventricular pacing following His-bundle ablation can be reversed by upgrading to VVIR biventricular pacing and under these circumstances upgrading should be considered.
The MEG topography and the source model of abnormal neural activities associated with brain lesions (1986)

A source model is proposed to simulate spatial distributions of abnormal MEG and EEG activities generated by abnormal neural activities such as the delta activity associated with brain tumors. Brain tumor itself is electrically silent and the spherical shell around the tumor might generate abnormal neural activities. The sources of these neural activities are represented by combinations of multiple current dipoles. The head is assumed to be a spherical volume conductor. Electrical potentials and magnetic fields over the surface of the sphere are calculated. The computer simulation shows that the MEG topography and EEG topography vary variously with combinations of location and orientation of the dipoles. In a special case, however, that the dipoles orient in the same direction or orient radially, the spatial patterns of the MEGs and EEGs generated by numerous dipoles are analogous to those generated by single dipoles.
Refinements in the Impulse Testing of Loudspeakers (1985)

On discute des causes d'erreurs et des remedes pour les reduire, en particulier aux basses frequences dues aux non linearites de l'unite excitatrice, a la prise de moyenne du signal en presence de bruit de fond a la fois aleatoire et synchrone, a la sortie en courant continu dans le convertisseur AN. On presente en plus une nouvelle methode pour determiner de facon precise la reponse en champ libre d'un systeme haut parleur aux tres basses frequences
Preclinical profile of the pyrimidinylpiperazinyl imide compound WY‐47,846: A potential anxiolytic (1989)

Abstract A preclinical anxiolytic profile of the pyrimidinylpiperazinyl imide compound Wy‐47,846, is presented. In an effort to achieve an orally active, nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic agent, the compound Wy‐47,846 was synthesized and examined in various preclinical neurochemical, psychopharmacological and neurophysiological tests. Wy‐47,846 displayed high affinity at the 5‐HT‐1A receptor binding site (Ki = 16.7 nM) and had weak‐to‐modest affinities for D‐2 and 5‐HT‐2 receptors. Wy‐47,846 also was effective in binding to the 5‐HT‐1A site in ex vivo receptor binding studies, but did not alter D‐2 binding under these conditions. Wy‐47,846 was also weak to inactive at displacing adrenergic (alpha‐1, alpha‐2, and beta), cholinergic, histamine H‐1, opiate, and benzodiazepine receptor radioligands from their respective binding sites. Wy‐47,846 reduced 5‐HT‐2 receptor binding following subacute (3 week) treatment. In both shelf‐jump and discrete trial conditioned avoidance tests, Wy‐47,846 reduced avoidance responding while increasing escape responses. No sedative effects were noted at behaviorally active doses. Like other nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytics, Wy‐47,846 also did not release the suppression of punished responding in shock‐suppressed drinking nor in Geller‐Seifter conflict experiments. Wy‐47,846 also potently inhibited serotonergic neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus, suggesting agonist activity at the 5‐HT‐1A receptor and increased noradrenergic neuronal activity in the locus coeruleus by an unknown mechanism. These findings support the characterization of Wy‐47,846 as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic agent.
<i>Experimental Techniques in Low-Temperature Physics</i> (1960)

This book is written chiefly to help those physicists, physical chemists, metallurgists and engineers who need to carry out investigations at low temperatures. It deals with the production and measurement of low temperatures, the handlng of liquified gases on the laboratory scale, the principles and some details of the design of experimental cryostats, including the problems of heat transfer and temperature control. Physical data on heat capacities, expansion coefficients, and the electrical and thermal conductivities of materials used in making low-temperature equipment are given.
Blood-sampling collection prior to surgery may have a significant influence upon biomarker concentrations measured (2015)

In this study we show the unexpectedly marked influence of blood withdrawal timing (before vs. after anesthesia) and procedure (venous versus arterial vessel puncture) has on the concentration of the protein biomarker SCC and to a less extent upon CYFRA21-1. The potential causes for these effects remain to be elucidated in subsequent studies, however these findings highlight the importance of a standardized, controlled blood collection protocol for biomarker detection.
Solid-state time-of-flight range camera (2001)

The concept of a real-time range camera without moving parts is described, based on the time-of-flight (TOF) principle. It operates with modulated visible and near-infrared radiation, which is detected and demodulated simultaneously by a 2-D array of lock-in pixels employing the charge-coupled device principle. Each pixel individually measures the amplitude, offset and phase of the received radiation. The theoretical resolution limit of this TOF range camera is derived, which depends on the square root of the detected background radiation and the inverse of the modulation amplitude. Actual measurements of 3-D sequences acquired at 10 range images per second show excellent agreement between our theory and the observed results. A range resolution of a few centimeters over a range of 10 m, with an illumination power of a few hundreds of milliwatts is obtained in laboratory scenes for noncooperative, diffusely reflecting objects.
Interstitial fluid pressure correlates with intravoxel incoherent motion imaging metrics in a mouse mammary carcinoma model (2011)

The effective delivery of a therapeutic drug to the core of a tumor is often impeded by physiological barriers, such as the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). There are a number of therapies that can decrease IFP and induce tumor vascular normalization. However, a lack of a noninvasive means to measure IFP hinders the utilization of such a window of opportunity for the maximization of the treatment response. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion parameters as noninvasive imaging biomarkers for IFP. Mice bearing the 4T1 mammary carcinoma model were studied using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), immediately followed by wick-in-needle IFP measurement. Voxelwise analysis was conducted with a conventional monoexponential diffusion model, as well as a biexponential model taking IVIM into account. There was no significant correlation of IFP with either the median apparent diffusion coefficient from the monoexponential model (r = 0.11, p = 0.78) or the median tissue diffusivity from the biexponential model (r = 0.30, p = 0.44). However, IFP was correlated with the median pseudo-diffusivity (D(p)) of apparent vascular voxels (r = 0.76, p = 0.02) and with the median product of the perfusion fraction and pseudo-diffusivity (f(p)D(p)) of apparent vascular voxels (r = 0.77, p = 0.02). Although the effect of IVIM in tumors has been reported previously, to our knowledge, this study represents the first direct comparison of IVIM metrics with IFP, with the results supporting the feasibility of the use of IVIM DWI metrics as noninvasive biomarkers for tumor IFP.
Evaluation of RFID based sensor platform for packaging surveillance applications (2011)

In this work a two-chip Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based sensor platform is evaluated for two different packaging surveillance applications. The results show that the sensor platform easily can be tailored to be used with different types of sensors to achieve the wanted solution, such as, shock, tilt and tamper evidence sensors and detectors. For the tilt sensor solution the sensor platform have a battery lifetime up to 3.3 years when being powered by a battery with an energy capacity of 33 mAh.
A Location-based Push Architecture using SIP (2001)

Service developers and standardization bodies have focused on push concepts for the mobile Internet recently. Because of the convergence of IP and mobile networks a common architecture for push scenarios is possible. We discuss several use-cases for push concepts and their technological implications. Finally we present and evaluate a unified push service architecture, based on SIP. Key words Push service architecture, SIP, location based UMTS services, mobile Internet. 1.
Deep Exploration via Bootstrapped DQN (2016)

Efficient exploration in complex environments remains a major challenge for reinforcement learning. We propose bootstrapped DQN, a simple algorithm that explores in a computationally and statistically efficient manner through use of randomized value functions. Unlike dithering strategies such as epsilon-greedy exploration, bootstrapped DQN carries out temporally-extended (or deep) exploration; this can lead to exponentially faster learning. We demonstrate these benefits in complex stochastic MDPs and in the large-scale Arcade Learning Environment. Bootstrapped DQN substantially improves learning times and performance across most Atari games.