gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tables of spectral-line intensities : (1975)

From Abstract: Comparisons with other intensity measurements in individual spectra indicate that the National Bureau of Standards spectral-line intensities may have average errors of 20 percent, but first of all they provide uniform quantitative values for the seventy chemical elements commonly determined by spectrochemists. These data are presented by element in part I, and all 39,000 observed lines are given in order of wavelength in part II.
Classification of handwritten digits and Japanese Kanji (2002)

Dystal is an artificial neural network that associatively learns to classify handwritten zip code digits and Japanese Kanji characters. As a consequence of biologically motivated learning rules, Dystal has a number of mathematical properties such as a theoretical storage capacity of b/sup n/ nonorthogonal memories, where b is the number of discrete values and n is the number of output neurons, and a computational complexity of O(N). A brief overview of the network and results from character recognition experiments are presented. Dystal correctly classified 95% of previously unseen handwritten digits both with binary input (the original patterns) and with continuous-valued input (preprocessed versions of the original patterns). Dystal also was trained to classify handwritten Japanese Kanji characters and achieved a performance level in excess of 89% correctly classified.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Investigation of via-dominated multi-modal electromigration failure distributions in dual damascene Cu interconnects with a discussion of the statistical implications (2003)

Electromigration is a well-known wearout mechanism for metallic interconnects on integrated circuit chips, and has been studied for decades in Al metallization, and for the last several years in Cu metallization. Chip failure is caused by either catastrophic electrical open or by resistance shifts sufficiently large to cause functional failure. The failure mechanism is the creation of a hole or void in the primary conductive layer of the interconnect, caused by a divergence in atomic diffusion in the direction of electron flow. Electromigration results for a 264 sample electromigration study performed on dual damascene copper interconnects are presented and reviewed. The stress results show multi-modal failure distributions and extensive failure analysis provides possible explanations as to the failure modes. Monte Carlo type simulations are used to investigate the statistical implications of using bi-modal fitting to predict reliability performance.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Porous Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Frameworks Constructed by 1,3,5-Benzenetriphosphonic Acid and Pyridine Synthons (2006)

1,3,5-Benzenetriphosphonic acid, H6BTP, 1,3,5-[(HO)2OP]3C6H3, was reacted hydrothermally with copper salts in the absence and presence of 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) and 4,4'-trimethlyenedipyridine (tbpy) in a 1:1 molar ratio leading to three new organic-inorganic hybrid frameworks. Compound 1, {Cu6[C6H3(PO3)3]2(H2O)8} x 5.5 H2O, has three different copper ions that are interconnected by the highly charged [1,3,5-(PO3)3C6H3]6- anionic moieties. These moieties self-assemble through tetra-copper units to give a cagelike motif with two benzene rings parallel to each other at a distance of 3.531 A which extend along the a axis and link with a grouping of four-coordinated copper units in the b axis direction to give the cross-linked layered structure. In compound 2, Cu{C6H3[PO(OH)O]2[PO(OH)2]}(C10H8N2), the copper ions are in square pyramidal geometries and are interconnected via chelating and bridging BTP ligands into layers which are further cross-linked by bpy ligands into a pillared layered architecture. Compound 3, {Cu2C6H3[PO(OH)O]2[PO3](C13H14N2)} x 3 H2O x 0.5 HCON(CH3)2, contains tetra-copper units that are linked by BTP ligands and further linked by tbpy linkers in the c axis direction to produce a large channel-sized 3D framework.
The Queen's Maries (1965)

The Queen's Maries Get access J. Ss J. Ss Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s3-VII, Issue 169, 25 March 1865, Page 251, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s3-VII.169.251-g Published: 25 March 1965
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Minipig: A Case Report of a Possible Model for Type 1 Diabetes? (2002)

Studies on the pathogenic process in type 1 diabetes are often performed in animal models. Low-dose administration of streptozotocin has been used to induce diabetes with pathological alterations similar to human type 1 diabetes in the animals. Rodent models are frequently used but there is a need of developing new models including larger animals. In this study we wanted to investigate to what extent a minipig was sensitive to low-dose streptozotocin for induction of diabetes with features of human Type I diabetes. A female Göttingen minipig received two low-doses (40 mg/kg) of streptozotocin with an 11-day interval. Serum was analysed for the presence of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase, isoform 65, (GAD65) and autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, isoform 65 (GAD65A), isoform 67 (GAD67A), insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2) and insulin (IAA). Pancreas tissue was fixated in formaldehyde and was sent for pathoanatomical examination. The minipig became hyperglycaemic after the second injection of streptozotocin. The pathoanatomical examination showed atrophy of the beta-cell population, depletion of insulin with preserved glucagon content. There was no sign of insulitis. Both GAD65 and GAD65A were detected while GAD67A and IAA were absent. It is concluded that chronic diabetes developed after low-dose streptozotocin injection in a female minipig with the characteristics of the end stage of type 1 diabetes. This pilot study suggests that minipigs show promise as a model to induce diabetes by injections of low-dose streptozotocin.
The skin: an indispensable barrier (2008)

The skin forms an effective barrier between the organism and the environment preventing invasion of pathogens and fending off chemical and physical assaults, as well as the unregulated loss of water and solutes. In this review we provide an overview of several components of the physical barrier, explaining how barrier function is regulated and altered in dermatoses. The physical barrier is mainly localized in the stratum corneum (SC) and consists of protein-enriched cells (corneocytes with cornified envelope and cytoskeletal elements, as well as corneodesmosomes) and lipid-enriched intercellular domains. The nucleated epidermis also contributes to the barrier through tight, gap and adherens junctions, as well as through desmosomes and cytoskeletal elements. During epidermal differentiation lipids are synthesized in the keratinocytes and extruded into the extracellular domains, where they form extracellular lipid-enriched layers. The cornified cell envelope, a tough protein/lipid polymer structure, resides below the cytoplasmic membrane on the exterior of the corneocytes. Ceramides A and B are covalently bound to cornified envelope proteins and form the backbone for the subsequent addition of free ceramides, free fatty acids and cholesterol in the SC. Filaggrin is cross-linked to the cornified envelope and aggregates keratin filaments into macrofibrils. Formation and maintenance of barrier function is influenced by cytokines, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate and calcium. Changes in epidermal differentiation and lipid composition lead to a disturbed skin barrier, which allows the entry of environmental allergens, immunological reaction and inflammation in atopic dermatitis. A disturbed skin barrier is important for the pathogenesis of contact dermatitis, ichthyosis, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
Separable hyperstructure and delayed link binding (1999)

As the amount of material on the World Wide Web continues to grow, users are discovering that the Web's embedded, hard-coded, links are difficult to maintain and update. Hyperlinks need a degree of abstraction in the way they are specified together with a sound underlying document structure and the property of separability from the documents they are linking. The case is made by studying the advantages of program/data separation in computer system architectures and also by re-examining some selected hypermedia systems that have already implemented separability. The prospects for introducing more abstract links into future versions of HTML and PDF, via emerging standards such as XPath, XPointer XLink and URN, are briefly discussed.
Highly specific tumor binding of a 213Bi-labeled monoclonal antibody against mutant E-cadherin suggests its usefulness for locoregional alpha-radioimmunotherapy of diffuse-type gastric cancer. (2001)

A monoclonal antibody (E-cadherin delta 9-1) directed against a characteristic E-cadherin mutation (in-frame deletion of exon 9), found in diffuse-type gastric cancer but not in any normal tissue, was conjugated with the high linear energy transfer alpha-emitter 213Bi and tested for its binding specificity in s.c. and i.p. nude mice tumor models. After intratumoral application in s.c. tumors expressing mutant E-cadherin, the 213Bi-labeled antibody was specifically retained at the injection site as shown by autoradiography. After injection into the peritoneal cavity, uptake in small i.p. tumor nodules expressing mutant E-cadherin was 17-fold higher than in tumor nodules expressing wild-type E-cadherin (62% injected dose/g versus 3.7% injected dose/g). 78% of the total activity in the ascites fluid was bound to free tumor cells expressing mutant E-cadherin, whereas in control cells, binding was only 18%. The selective binding of the 213Bi-labeled, mutation-specific monoclonal antibody E-cadherin delta 9-1 suggests that it will be successful for alpha-radioimmunotherapy of disseminated tumors after locoregional application.
An artificial system for visual perception in autonomous robots (2005)

Image processing of natural scenes is very processingintensive. Through the localization of salient regions, later recognition processes can take place more efficiently, by focusing computation-intensive processing on several areas. Our approach to designing an artificial visual system is inspired by early filtering mechanisms in the human visual system. Our technique of calculating salient regions is computationally efficient and flexible, and can be extended to other applications. Index Terms – Intelligent Robotics, Image Processing, Robot Vision, Feature Extraction
Orientation distribution-Lotgering factor relationship in a polycrystalline material-as an example of bismuth titanate prepared by a magnetic field (2010)

This paper correlated a convenient orientation index, Lotgering factor (LF), with the orientation distribution of a crystal-orientated polycrystalline material, theoretically and experimentally. For particle-oriented bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12) as a model, a Cauchy probability density function (CF) was valid for representing the orientation distribution of oriented material. The LF was calculated from XRD patterns which were derived from assumed orientation distribution. The standard deviation was used for the indicator of the LF with the orientation distribution. The non-linear relationship was found between them theoretically. This relationship was supported by the experimental data using particle-oriented bismuth titanate prepared by a magnetic field. The LF and orientation distribution of oriented bismuth titanate were obtained from the XRD patterns and the rocking curves, respectively. The result leads the LF to more convenient orientation index in relation to orientation distribution.
Dual Analysis of Longitudinal and Transverse Zirconium Tensile Stress-Strain Data (1974)

An analysis of zirconium tensile stress-strain data was made by the Crussard and Jaoul method and an analogous method based on the Swift equation ϵp = ϵpo + cσm. Data from transverse and longitudinal specimens from 4 to 813 K were considered. Also investigated were the effects of a small 77 K prestrain on the 300 K deformation behavior, and the effect of composition on the deformation at an intermediate temperature (≅575 K). The two analyses revealed the same basic deformation stages in all specimens. Transverse and longitudinal specimens exhibited, in general, a different pattern of stages. At elevated temperatures (above 550 to 600 K) pure zirconium tends to exhibit single-stage behavior. Specimens in which kinking or twinning are significant factors showed multi-stage behavior. The basic pure zirconium stress-strain curve is one in which the stress-strain curve slope decreases rapidly with increasing stress.
High Voltage Wide Bandgap Photoconductive Switching (2015)

High gain photoconductive switching using Si and GaAs was studied previously for pulsed high voltage switching. A laser is used to generate charge carriers within the material to render the bulk conductive. We have begun the study of photoconductive switching using wide bandgap materials. These materials appear to operate in a non-high gain mode and the on resistance can be directly controlled with the laser intensity over many decades. It is presently believed that the conduction mechanism may be due to (a) excitation of deep states or (b) multi-photon pumping of carriers from the valance band. We present the study of the physics processes and development of a device operating at >20-kV.
An update on the role of the sebaceous gland in the pathogenesis of acne (2011)

The pathogenesis of acne, a disease of the pilosebaceous follicle and one of the most common chronic skin disorders, is attributed to multiple factors such as increased sebum production, alteration of the quality of sebum lipids, inflammatory processes, dysregulation of the hormone microenvironment, interaction with neuropeptides, follicular hyperkeratinisation and the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes within the follicle. In particular, the sebaceous gland plays an exquisite role in the initiation of the disease as it possesses all the enzyme machinery for the production of hormones and cytokines. In addition, in response to the altered tissue environment in the pilosebaceous follicle as well as in answer to emotional fret, stress response system mechanisms with induction of central and local expression of neuropeptides, are also initiated. This review summarises the latest advances in understanding the role of sebaceous gland cells in the pathomechanism of acne.
LAN-based office for the enterprise, a case study (2002)

Describes an enterprise architecture for LAN-based office applications developed for the IBM Corporation. The LAN-based office applications include Lotus Notes, E-Mail gateways to the host, a host to LAN calendar system, word processors, graphics applications, and spreadsheet applications. The focus of the article is on the architecture of this LAN-based office system over IBM's wide area networks. The connection of the LAN office over the enterprise has brought up requirements for the distribution of databases, connections to LAN office systems outside of IBM, naming standards, a company-wide LAN address book, address book synchronization, remote monitoring, and remote management.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
HIPK4 is essential for murine spermiogenesis (2020)

Mammalian spermiogenesis is a remarkable cellular transformation, during which round spermatids elongate into chromatin-condensed spermatozoa. The signaling pathways that coordinate this process are not well understood, and we demonstrate here that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 4 (HIPK4) is essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility in mice. HIPK4 is predominantly expressed in round and early elongating spermatids, and <i>Hipk4</i> knockout males are sterile, exhibiting phenotypes consistent with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. <i>Hipk4</i> mutant sperm have reduced oocyte binding and are incompetent for in vitro fertilization, but they can still produce viable offspring via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Optical and electron microscopy of HIPK4-null male germ cells reveals defects in the filamentous actin (F-actin)-scaffolded acroplaxome during spermatid elongation and abnormal head morphologies in mature spermatozoa. We further observe that HIPK4 overexpression induces branched F-actin structures in cultured fibroblasts and that HIPK4 deficiency alters the subcellular distribution of an F-actin capping protein in the testis, supporting a role for this kinase in cytoskeleton remodeling. Our findings establish HIPK4 as an essential regulator of sperm head shaping and potential target for male contraception.
Bisubstrate Inhibitors of Protein Kinases: from Principle to Practical Applications (2009)

Bisubstrate inhibitors consist of two conjugated fragments, each targeted to a different binding site of a bisubstrate enzyme. The design of bisubstrate inhibitors presupposes the formation of the ternary complex in the course of the catalyzed reaction. The principle advantage of bisubstrate inhibitors is their ability to generate more interactions with the target enzyme that could result in improved affinity and selectivity of the conjugates, when compared with single-site inhibitors. Among phosphotransferases, the approach was first successfully used for adenylate kinase in 1973. Since then, several types of bisubstrate inhibitors have been developed for protein kinases, including conjugates of peptides with nucleotides, adenosine derivatives and potent ATP-competitive inhibitors. Earlier bisubstrate inhibitors had pharmacokinetic qualities that were unsuitable for cellular experiments and hence were mostly used for in vitro studies. The recently constructed conjugates of adenosine derivatives and D-arginine-rich peptides (ARCs) possess high kinase affinity, high biological and chemical stability and good cell plasma membrane penetrative properties that enable their application in the regulation of cellular protein phosphorylation balances in cell and tissue experiments.
[Creatine kinase BB activity in the serum of patients with cerebrovascular diseases]. (1985)

There are conflicting reports of an increase in the activity of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB) in the serum of patients with cerebrovascular disease. The serum CK-BB activity of 33 patients with ischemic brain infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage or intracerebral hemorrhage was measured with a bioluminescence method (CK-B Kit, LKB-Wallac) in combination with immunoprecipitation. The results were compared with lesions determined by computed tomography. In the control group (N = 19) there was a mean activity of 0.35 +/- 0.26 U/l (means +/- SE). In patients with small lesions (N = 11) the activity was 0.41 +/- 0.21 U/l, which was not significantly elevated when compared to the control group (Mann/Whitney U test). Therefore, patients with more extensive lesions (N = 12) and the group with severe lesions (N = 10) showed a significant elevation, with a mean activity of 0.61 +/- 0.34 U/l and 1.12 +/- 0.52 U/l, respectively. The group with severe lesions had a maximum activity on the first day after the initial symptoms.
Paramagnetic copper(II) and diamagnetic copper(I) complexes with N<sub>3</sub>S<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub> ligands: an EPR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR study (1994)

Electronic paramagnetic resonance of paramagnetic Cu(II) complexes and nuclear magnetic resonance of diamagnetic Cu(I) complexes can give thermodynamic, kinetic and structural informations on these complexes. This methodology is examplified on two new ligands of N3S2 (L1) and N2S2 (L2) type. EPR spectra of frozen solutions of Cu(II) complexes gave (from g// and A// parameters) structural data such as the tetrahedral deformation of the square-planar structure. 1H NMR allowed determinations of stoechiometry and the corresponding stability constants. It gave also informations on ligand exchanges around Cu(I) cation.
Abstract 18757: Adenylate Cyclase Type 9 (Adcy9) Regulates Vasomotor Tone in Mice (2016)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms located in the adenylate cyclase type 9 (ADCY9) gene determine cardiovascular outcomes of patients treated with dalcetrapib, a cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor (Tardif et al, Circ Cardiovasc Genetics 2015). The roles of the different subtypes of adenylate cyclases responsible for vasodilatation (VD) are ill-defined. We aimed at evaluating the role of Adcy9 expression in the control of vascular tone by using isolated vessels from Adcy9-inactivated (Adcy9Gt) and wild-type (WT) mice. Vasomotor tone was studied by recording the isometric tension developed by aorta rings and the diameter of pressurized isolated femoral arteries from mice aged 8 to 13 weeks. We studied VD in response to adenylate cyclase activators, isoproterenol (Iso), a β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonist and iloprost, a prostaglandin I2 receptor agonist, as well as endothelial-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) in response to acetylcholine (Ach). EDV and β-AR-induced VD in the aorta were similar in WT and Adcy9Gt mice. In femoral arteries, Adcy9 inactivation decreased Iso-induced VD (Emax, WT: 48.3+/-4.7%, n=7; Adcy9Gt: 24.1+/-4.7%, n=11; P
Controlled AC drives with ride-through capability at power interruption (1994)

General purpose PWM inverter drives are equipped with an undervoltage protection mechanism, causing the system to shut down within a few milliseconds after a power interruption in the mains. This may entail loss or damage of material in such critical applications as the production of textile fibers, paper, or with extruder drives. The proposed solution to this problem is to recover some of the mechanical energy stored in the rotating masses. When a power interruption occurs, a sequence of fast feedforward commands is applied to force an immediate transition into the regeneration mode. During the interrupt interval, the drive system continues to operate at almost zero torque, just regenerating a minor amount of power to cover the electrical losses in the inverter. The method is implemented in an additional software package to be used with general-purpose inverter drives of limited dynamic performance. Experimental results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the geometrical mean distances of rectangular areas and the calculation of self-inductance (1907)

itself, which is of course its self-inductance. The current is sup- AxisofX Yvx-1 ^Electricity and Magnetism, II, ^705.
LOW LATENCY RECOGNITION AND REPRODUCTION OF NATURAL GESTURE TRAJECTORIES (2012)

In human-machine interaction scenarios, low latency recognition and reproduction is crucial for successful communication. For reproduction of general gesture classes it is important to realize a representation that is insensitive with respect to the variation of performer specific speed development along gesture trajectories. Here, we present an approach to learning of speed-invariant gesture models that provide fast recognition and convenient reproduction of gesture trajectories. We evaluate our gesture model with a data set comprising 520 examples for 48 gesture classes. The results indicate that the model is able to learn gestures from few observations with high accuracy.