gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Functional Network of Intramolecular Cross‐Reacting Epitopes Delays the Elicitation of Neutralizing Antibodies to<i>Trypanosoma cruzi trans</i>‐Sialidase (2002)

Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TS) constitutes a key molecule in both the establishment of the infection and in the development of pathologic abnormalities associated with Chagas disease. Several cross-reactive epitopes located in its catalytic region were previously identified. In the present study, a panel of enzymes altered in these epitopes were generated to analyze their in vivo significance. Although displaying similar specific activity, thermal stability, and overall antigenic structure, mutant TS proteins elicited an improved neutralizing response, compared with that in the parent, wild-type molecule. These features support an in vivo role for cross-reactive epitopes in dampening the elicitation of TS-neutralizing antibodies. Structural and immunological evidence indicating that the epitope cross-reactivity could be extended to the highly immunogenic SAPA repeats located on the TS C terminus is also reported. This complex cross-reactive epitope cargo might represent a novel strategy, providing secreted virulence factors with the ability to delay an effective elicitation of humoral response.
Establishment of a New Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cell Line, MDAPanc-3 (1990)

A new cell line was established from a liver metastasis of a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The cell line, MDAPanc-3, which arose from a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, produces carbonic anhydrase II mRNA, but no detectable levels of insulin or alpha amylase mRNA. The stem line chromosome number was determined to be 43, with six marker chromosomes. Growth of MDAPanc-3 is stimulated by cholecystokinin (CCK) fragment 26-33. The cell line will be useful in further studies on the mechanism(s) by which CCK stimulates growth of certain human pancreatic adenocarcinomas and normal human pancreatic exocrine tissue.
Sub parts-per-million mass measurement accuracy of intact proteins and product ions achieved using a dual electrospray ionization quadrupole fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (2006)

High mass measurement accuracy (MMA) is demonstrated for intact proteins and subsequent collision-induced dissociation product ions using internal calibration. Internal calibration was accomplished using a dual electrospray ionization source coupled with a hybrid quadrupole Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (Q-FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. Initially, analyte ions generated via the first electrospray (ESI) emitter are isolated and dissociated in the external quadrupole. This event is followed by a simultaneous switch to the calibrant ion ESI emitter and a disablement of the isolation and activation of the external quadrupole such that a broad m/z range of calibrant ions are accumulated before injecting the analyte/calibrant ion mixture into the ICR cell. Two different internal calibrant solutions were utilized in these studies to evaluate this approach for the top-down characterization of melittin and ubiquitin. While external calibration of protein fragments resulted in absolute MMA greater than 16 ppm, internal standardization significantly improved upon the MMA of both the intact proteins and their products ions which ranged from -2.0 ppm to 1.1 ppm, with an average of -0.9 ppm. This method requires limited modification to ESI-FT-ICR mass spectrometers and is applicable for both positive and negative ionization modes.
Research advance in Zika virus features and its laboratory detection (2019)

Zika virus belongs to the family flaviviridae, Flavivirus. It is a single stranded RNA virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. According to its non-structural protein coding gene NS5, Zika virus can be divided into the Asian lineage, the East African lineage and the West African lineage. Zika virus disease caused by Aedes mosquitoes has been widespread, and so far, more than 20 cases of imported Zika virus infection have been reported in China. The mechanism of Zika virus infection is still unknown. There is no specific therapeutic drugs and vaccines for Zika, and the infection of Zika virus in pregnant women is closely related to the occurrence of microcephaly in newborns. Therefore, Zika virus disease and its complications are potential public health problems that should continue to be of considerable concern for a long time in the the future. Zika virus disease can only be diagnosed by laboratory test and mainly use reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or real-time fluorescent RT-PCR to detect viral nucleic acid or use ELISA to detect virus-related IgM antibodies.


Key words: 
Zika virus; Infection; Laboratory detection
Remote Restart for a High Performance Virtual Machine Recovery in a Cloud (2015)

In this paper, we present a scalable parallel virtual machine planning and fail over method that enables high availability at a VM level in a data center. The solution is implemented and used in IBM's CMS enterprise private cloud as a high availability feature for efficient fail over in large data centers with a large number of servers, VMs, and a large number of disks. The introduced restart system enables dynamic and at-fail over-time planning and execution, and keeps the recovery time within limits of service level agreement (SLA) allowed time budget. The initial serial fail over time is reduced by a factor of up to 11 for parallel implementation, and by a factor of up to 44 for parallel fail over - parallel storage mapping implementation. As part of our future work, we plan to explore the applicability of this planning and fail over solution for Disaster Recovery.
A study on Men's Trunks Designs Characterized by Chinese Letters (2010)

Trunks like men's underpants are similar to boxer shorts and are made in both modern and traditional styles. Like boxer shorts, trunks cover the mid-section of the body (hence the name "trunk"). As the income level of the nation increases, men as well as women become interested in fashion expressing the individual's character, by not regarding fashion as simply wearing essential items to live in. Men's interest in fashion influences men's underwear designs which has been thought previously just as to be worn for living in. Nowadays, trunks are often worn as lounge wear in the household, therefore the need for sensual and characteristic trunks designs is required in the fashion market to meet the customer's new needs. In modern fashion designs, Chinese letters have been artistically presented and used in decorative fashion design regardless of its original meaning, generally embroidered in traditional costumes. Based on the fact that Chinese letters containing lucky meanings have traditionally been used, other Chinese letters meaning positive and prospective future can be adapted and weaved into men's trunks designs. Therefore, in this study, among many good meaning Chinese letters; four Chinese letters, 高(high), 金(gold), 義(justice), 愛(love), have been selected and applied in the trunks designs. The purpose of this study is to develop men's trunk designs using these Chinese letters which can be massively produced and sold in Asian countries which commonly understand the meaning of the Chinese letters as well as in South Korea.
Variational Reasoning for Question Answering with Knowledge Graph (2017)

Knowledge graph (KG) is known to be helpful for the task of question answering (QA), since it provides well-structured relational information between entities, and allows one to further infer indirect facts. However, it is challenging to build QA systems which can learn to reason over knowledge graphs based on question-answer pairs alone. First, when people ask questions, their expressions are noisy (for example, typos in texts, or variations in pronunciations), which is non-trivial for the QA system to match those mentioned entities to the knowledge graph. Second, many questions require multi-hop logic reasoning over the knowledge graph to retrieve the answers. To address these challenges, we propose a novel and unified deep learning architecture, and an end-to-end variational learning algorithm which can handle noise in questions, and learn multi-hop reasoning simultaneously. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on a recent benchmark dataset in the literature. We also derive a series of new benchmark datasets, including questions for multi-hop reasoning, questions paraphrased by neural translation model, and questions in human voice. Our method yields very promising results on all these challenging datasets.
A protein of the AP-1 family is a component of nuclear factor of activated T cells (1993)

Abstract Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) is a transcriptional activator involved in the induction of IL-2 gene expression. The response element for NF-AT is a sequence localized between -285/-254 in the IL-2 regulatory region. The composition of NF-AT protein is still not fully elucidated. We demonstrate that, in normal human T cells, an AP-1 protein is a component of the NF-AT protein complex. This was evidenced by the ability of the AP-1 site to compete with the NF-AT site for binding to NF-AT and by the capacity of immobilized anti-Jun and anti-Fos antibodies to deplete NF-AT-binding activity from nuclear extracts of activated T cells. There was no detectable binding of in vitro translated Jun/Fos heterodimer (AP-1) to the NF-AT sequence, and the NF-AT sequence was unable to inhibit the binding of Jun/Fos to the AP-1 sequence. The presence of an AP-1 protein in the NF-AT protein complex may regulate NF-AT-binding activity through protein-protein interaction.
Evaluation of rapid prototyping with filler wire and CO2 or YAG laser (2000)

This article presents the ongoing work on rapid manufacturing at CLFA. The study started by applying the laser cladding and sintering technologies to build geometrical structure directly out of the CAD model or the part. In these two techniques, the laser (usually CO2) fuses a metallic powder flow. Another way to build structure is to extend the classical repairing technique of filler wire cladding. This article presents the results of rapid prototyping with filler wire. We present the general context of rapid manufacturing and the potential utility of filler wire.
Transfection of Cultured Eukaryotic Cells Using Cationic Lipid Reagents (2003)

The development of high-efficiency methods for the introduction of functional genetic material into eukaryotic cells using cationic lipids has accelerated biological research in the studies of gene expression, control of cell growth, and cell lineage. Transfection mediated by cationic lipids is commonly used in industrial protein production as well as in some clinical gene therapy protocols. Replacing our previous unit on this topic, this new version describes how to perform transfection of adherent and suspension cells, insect cells, and RNA transfection using the cationic lipid system.
Cytochrome P-450 Monooxygenase Activities in Human and Rat Liver Microsomes (1981)

Microsomes were prepared from human livers obtained from renal donors of various ages and both sexes. Their drug-metabolizing capacity was measured and compared to that of rat liver microsomes. The following parameters were investigated: cytochrome P-450, cytochrome B5, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, epoxide hydrolase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, benzphetamine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, steroid-16 alpha-hydroxylase. In addition, the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene, progesterone, pregnenolone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estradiol was studied in detail in vitro. The inhibitory effect of metyrapone and alpha-naphthoflavone on 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase was measured. The microsomal proteins of both species were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of dodecyl sulfate. The following conclusions were drawn from the results obtained. Human liver microsomes can be stored under optimal conditions for the measurement of a large variety of enzymic activities. Human liver microsomes are able to metabolize the various xenobiotics used as substrates with a rate similar to that of female rat liver microsomes. No sex-linked difference in enzymic activity was observed in human microsomes. Significant differences in benzo(a)pyrene and steroid metabolism were registered when human and rat liver microsomes were compared. The monooxygenase activities, the sensitivity to in vitro alpha-naphthoflavone and metyrapone, the results of steroid metabolism, and slab gel electrophoresis are strong indications for multiplicity of human liver cytochrome P-450.
Neural network recognition and analysis of hand-printed characters (2002)

The main objective of this paper is to introduce a novel method of feature extraction for character data and develop a neural network system for recognising different Latin characters. In this paper we describe feature extraction, neural network development for character recognition and perform further neural network analysis on noisy image segments to explain the qualitative and quantitative aspects of handwriting.
Catalytic Reduction of N<sub>2</sub> to NH<sub>3</sub> by an Fe–N<sub>2</sub> Complex Featuring a C-Atom Anchor (2013)

While recent spectroscopic studies have established the presence of an interstitial carbon atom at the center of the iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco) of MoFe-nitrogenase, its role is unknown. We have pursued Fe-N2 model chemistry to explore a hypothesis whereby this C-atom (previously denoted as a light X-atom) may provide a flexible trans interaction with an Fe center to expose an Fe-N2 binding site. In this context, we now report on Fe complexes of a new tris(phosphino)alkyl (CP(iPr)3) ligand featuring an axial carbon donor. It is established that the iron center in this scaffold binds dinitrogen trans to the C(alkyl)-atom anchor in three distinct and structurally characterized oxidation states. Fe-C(alkyl) lengthening is observed upon reduction, reflective of significant ionic character in the Fe-C(alkyl) interaction. The anionic (CP(iPr)3)FeN2(-) species can be functionalized by a silyl electrophile to generate (CP(iPr)3)Fe-N2SiR3. (CP(iPr)3)FeN2(-) also functions as a modest catalyst for the reduction of N2 to NH3 when supplied with electrons and protons at -78 °C under 1 atm N2 (4.6 equiv NH3/Fe).
Screening of One-Bead-One-Peptide Combinatorial Library Using Red Fluorescent Dyes. Presence of Positive and False Positive Beads (2008)

To screen one-bead-one-compound (OBOC) combinatorial libraries, tens of thousands to millions of compound beads are first mixed with a target molecule. The beads that interact with this molecule are then identified and isolated for compound structure determination. Here we describe an OBOC peptide library screening using streptavidin (SA) as probe protein, labeled with a red fluorescent dye and using the COPAS BIO-BEAD flow sorting equipment to separate fluorescent from nonfluorescent beads. The red dyes used were ATTO 590 and Texas Red. After incubating the library with the SA-red fluorescent dye conjugate, we isolated positive beads caused by peptide-SA interaction and false positive beads produced by peptide fluorescent dye interaction. These false positives were a drawback when sorting beads by COPAS. However,an in depth analysis of both kinds of beads allowed the differentiation of positives from false positives. The false positive beads showed bright homogeneous fluorescence, while positive beads had a heterogeneous fluorescence, exhibiting a characteristic halo appearance, with fluorescence intensity greatest at the bead surface and lowest in the core. The difference was more evident when using Texas Red instead of ATTO 590. Thus, positive beads could be manually separated from false positive ones. The beads were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Most of the sequences obtained from positive beads had the His-Pro-Gln motif. Peptides from false positive beads were rich in Leu/Ileu, His, Phe, and Tyr.
Improved diagnosis as an aid to better surveillance of Taenia solium cysticercosis, a potential public health threat to Papua New Guinea. (1995)

Taenia solium cysticercosis has been recognized as a public health problem in Indonesian Irian Jaya since its unfortunate introduction in a number of infected pigs imported from Bali. From its original point of introduction in 1971, the infection has spread from the Wissel Lakes area to other places within Irian Jaya. The present situation at the border between Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea (PNG) is difficult to assess accurately but, in light of the flow of refugees and the traditional rights of movement of people with their pigs in the border area, PNG populations are now at risk. Government health officers and veterinarians in PNG are well aware of this threat and have been watching closely for transmission of Taenia solium into PNG. A rigorous survey of Irianese refugees at the border and surrounding areas in PNG using recently developed immunodiagnostic procedures such as the EITB (enzyme immunoelectrotransfer blot) for detecting human and pig cysticercosis and the dipstick ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for identifying T. solium carriers, coupled with careful assessment of medical history and clinical and stool examination, is, however, required. Such a study would allow evaluation of the prevalence of cysticercosis and taeniasis in Irian Jayan refugees residing in camps in PNG. The study would also determine the extent to which the parasite has spread easterly and, importantly, whether cysticercosis/taeniasis has crossed the border and is endemic in PNG, thereby constituting a potentially serious public health problem.
Covid-19: why selfies are in the spotlight for proving ID (2020)

Beyond its threat to life, the impact of the Covid-19 virus on business is going to be felt for some time. No industry is immune and while vaccines, social distancing and testing apps might prove to be enough to help protect citizens and consumers, the same can't be said for companies.
Enterprise-oriented Cybersecurity Management (2014)

Information technology is widely used in processes vital to enterprises. Therefore, IT systems must meet at least the same level of security as required from the business processes supported by these systems. In this paper, we present a view on cybersecurity management as an enterprise-centered process, and we advocate the use of enterprise architecture in security management. Activities such as risk assessment, selection of security controls, as well as their deployment and monitoring should be carried out as a part of enterprise architecture activity. A set of useful frameworks and tools is presented and discussed.
Improved Lanthipeptide Detection and Prediction for antiSMASH (2014)

Lanthipeptides are a class of ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products from the bacterial secondary metabolism. Their name is derived from the characteristic lanthionine or methyl-lanthionine residues contained in the processed peptide. Lanthipeptides that possess an antibacterial activity are called lantibiotics. Whereas multiple tools exist to identify lanthipeptide gene clusters from genomic data, no programs are available to predict the post-translational modifications of lanthipeptides, such as the proteolytic cleavage of the leader peptide part or tailoring modifications based on the analysis of the gene cluster sequence. antiSMASH is a software pipeline for the identification of secondary metabolite biosynthetic clusters from genomic input and the prediction of products produced by the identified clusters. Here we present a novel antiSMASH module using a rule-based approach to combine signature motifs for biosynthetic enzymes and lanthipeptide-specific cleavage site motifs to identify lanthipeptide clusters in genomic data, assign the specific lanthipeptide class, predict prepeptide cleavage, tailoring reactions, and the processed molecular weight of the mature peptide products.
Tetrahydrocannabinol Homologs with Doubly Branched Alkyl Groups in the 3-Position. XVIII<sup>1</sup> (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetrahydrocannabinol Homologs with Doubly Branched Alkyl Groups in the 3-Position. XVIII1Roger Adams, Scott MacKenzie Jr., and S. LoeweCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 2, 664–668Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01182a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01182a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The C–H Bond Energy in Toluene and Xylenes (1948)

The pyrolysis of toluene and the xylenes was investigated by a new technique, which made it possible to study these reactions for degree of decomposition ranging from 0.01 percent up to a few percent. It was shown that these reactions are homogeneous, unimolecular reactions. It was found that the weakest bond in these molecules is the C–H bond in the methyl group. The bond energy of that C–H bond was found to be 77.5 kcal. for toluene and meta-xylene, 75 kcal. for para-xylene and 74 kcal. for ortho-xylene. These data indicate that the resonance energy of the benzyl radical is 24.5 kcal. and that the hyper-conjugation in para-xylene decreases the C–H bond energy in the methyl group of this molecule by 2.5–3 kcal.
Perfluorooctane Sulfonyl Fluoride as an Initiator in Hot-Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition of Fluorocarbon Thin Films (2001)

We have demonstrated the successful use of an initiator species in hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) thin films from the precursor hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO). The introduction of perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (PFOSF) in small concentrations allows the enhancement of deposition rates and increased control over film composition. Endcapping by CF3 groups is possible, which may provide benefits such as enhanced thermal stability and higher hydrophobicity for HFCVD films. Conversion of the PFOSF is high, and HFPO utilization efficiency can be increased significantly. The generation of an initiator radical via the pyrolysis of PFOSF may contribute to enhanced nucleation rates during film growth. Initiation and/or nucleation is rate-limiting at low filament temperatures, and mass transport limitations dominate at higher filament temperatures.