gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leptospirosis Prevalence in a Population of Yucatan, Mexico (2011)

Objective. To measure the prevalence of leptospirosis with two techniques in inhabitants of Izamal, Yucatan and to determine its relation with some exposure factors. Material and Methods. Transversal study in populations belonging to the HR62-IMSS-Opportunities working force in Izamal, Yucatan. Population, including 6 years of age or more, was randomly selected to participate in the study. A questionnaire was applied for personal ID and exposure factors; blood samples were taken for leptospirosis diagnosis. Simple frequencies, proportions, tendency and dispersion measures, prevalence and odd ratios and confidence intervals (CI) of 95%, and logistic regression model were obtained. Results. 204 patients, between 9 and 80 years old were included; 180 were positive (88.2%) with the dark-field technique; using MAT cutoff at 1 : 40, 178 patients (87.3%) were positive, while at 1 : 80 there were 103 positive (50.5%). The predominant serovar was Hardjo (94%). The highest prevalence was in women (96.3%) and in the >45-year-old group (95.7%); feminine gender (RM = 2.31 IC 95% 3.59-28.6), housewife (RM = 22.8 IC 95% 4.9-106.1), being in contact with stagnant water (RM = 5.2 IC 95% 1.7-15.9), and being in contact with domestic animal feces (RM = 5.1 IC 95% 1.9-13.1), these being the most significant variables in the final logistic regression model. Conclusions. The prevalence found was higher than the one nationally and internationally reported, representing an important finding, being in turn a local public health, maybe nationally. It is urgent to reinforce this research as well as to establish preventive and control measure to avoid exposure and health damages.
The time-triggered System-on-a-Chip architecture (2008)

It is the objective of the presented System-on-a-Chip (SoC) architecture to provide a predictable integrated execution environment for the component-based design of many different types of embedded applications (e.g., automotive, avionics, consumer electronics). At the core of this architecture is a time-triggered network-on-a-chip for the predictable interconnection of heterogeneous components. A component can be a self-contained computer, including system and application software, an FPGA, or a custom hardware unit. By providing a single uniform interface to all types of components for the exchange of messages, the architecture supports the component-based design of large applications and enables the massive reuse of components. The time-triggered network-on-a-chip offers inherent fault isolation to facilitate the seamless integration of independently developed components, possibly with different criticality levels. Furthermore, mechanisms for integrated resource management support dynamically changing resource requirements (e.g., different operational modes of an application), fault-tolerance, a power-aware system behavior, and the implementation of fault-handling by reconfiguration.
A New Method for Continuous Viscosity Measurement. General Theory of the Ultra-Viscoson (1953)

A new continuous ultrasonic viscometer employing a pulsed resonant exponentially damped magnetostrictive strip is described and treated theoretically. Properties of viscoelastic materials affecting the propagation of transverse elastic waves are derived and are related to the response of the viscometer. Typical applications of the use of the ultrasonic viscometer are presented.
Room Temperature Solid State Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of a Zinc Complex with Pyromellitic Acid (2018)

The complex [Zn2(btca)(H2O)4] was synthesized with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btca) and zinc acetate as materials via a room-temperature solid state reaction. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analyses (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The index results of X-ray powder diffraction data showed that the crystal structure of the complex belonged to monoclinic system with cell parameters a = 9.882 Å, b = 21.311 Å, c = 15.746 Å, and β = 100.69°. In order to expand the application of the complex, the nanometer zinc oxide was prepared by using the complex as a precursor, and the effect of the thermal decomposition temperature on the preparation of the nanometer zinc oxide was studied. The results showed that the grain size of zinc oxide gradually grew with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, the obtained nanometer zinc oxide was spherical, and the diameter of the particles was about 25 nm.
Influence of the aspect ratio of bioactive nanofillers on rheological behavior of PMMA‐based orthopedic materials (2004)

In this investigation, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) nanocrystals with needle-like geometry were synthesized and incorporated with Poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, to form CDHA-PMMA nanocomposites. Rheological behaviors of the PMMA-CDHA melting suspensions were systematically investigated in terms of solid loading and aspect ratio of the CDHA nanoparticles. The maximum solid loadings of nano-CDHA particles with aspect ratios of 7.2, 10.4, and 17 were determined to be 28, 31, and 57%, respectively. An increase in solid concentrations causes pronounced shear-thinning behavior. This result suggests that a strong interaction, including Van der Waals attraction and mechanical interlocking, between the nano-CDHA particles makes the nanocomposite mixture more non-Newtonian. Furthermore, it was found that packing efficiency and yield strength in the suspension were strongly influenced by the aspect ratio, especially above the critical value of 8.8. The obtained critical aspect ratio and solid content provide not only appropriate design in the PMMA-CDHA polymeric suspension for fabrication process but also optimal conditions for the fabrication of orthopedic devices via injection molding or extrusion.
Stability analysis of interconnected nonlinear systems under matrix feedback (2004)

This paper explores the stability analysis problem for nonlinear systems which have general linear feedback interconnections. Systems are often modeled in this manner in the study of decentralized control because many communication topologies can be modeled and analyzed using connections to graph theory. We present necessary conditions for stability of a classification of interconnected systems, and we give some examples to provide insight into this problem. These conditions are related to positive definiteness of matrices associated with the feedback interconnection, and specialize to the common case where the Laplacian matrix of a graph represents the communication topology of the system.
Passive ultrasonic method for human footstep detection (2007)

Methods of human detection utilizing low-frequency seismic signals (typically below a few hundred Hertz) from footsteps are well known in the literature and in a practice. This frequency band is used for seismic detectors. Different walking styles (regular, soft, and stealthy) result in different vibration signatures in the low-frequency range that limit the maximum ranges for this method of footstep detection. For example, the stealthy walking style was undetectable even a few meters from a seismic detector. Human footsteps generate broadband frequency vibrations in the ground/floor and sound in the air from a few Hertz up to ultrasonic frequencies. The dynamic forces from footsteps that are normal to the ground/floor are the primary cause of the low-frequency component in these signals. Striking and sliding contacts between a foot and the ground/floor produce the high-frequency responses. The physical mechanisms involved in the generation of high frequency signals and the possibility of their application for human footstep detection were investigated by the authors [A. Ekimov, and J. M. Sabatier "Vibration and sound signatures of human footsteps in buildings," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 120, 762-768 (2006)]. The present paper introduces an approach for human footstep detection using a passive ultrasonic method. The passive method employs an ultrasonic sensor that is sensitive to the sound from sliding contacts. Test results for the detection of a walking person indoors and outdoors are presented and discussed.
Binding of small molecules to cavity forming mutants of a <i>de novo</i> designed protein (2011)

A central goal of protein design is to devise novel proteins for applications in biotechnology and medicine. Many applications, including those focused on sensing and catalysis will require proteins that recognize and bind to small molecules. Here, we show that stably folded α-helical proteins isolated from a binary patterned library of designed sequences can be mutated to produce binding sites capable of binding a range of small aromatic compounds. Specifically, we mutated two phenylalanine side chains to alanine in the known structure of de novo protein S-824 to create buried cavities in the core of this four-helix bundle. The parental protein and the Phe→Ala variants were exposed to mixtures of compounds, and selective binding was assessed by saturation transfer difference NMR. The affinities of benzene and a number of its derivatives were determined by pulse field gradient spin echo NMR, and several of the compounds were shown to bind the mutated protein with micromolar dissociation constants. These studies suggest that stably folded de novo proteins from binary patterned libraries are well-suited as scaffolds for the design of binding sites.
Detection and characterization of class A extended-spectrum- -lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Belgian hospitals (2010)

BEL enzymes were produced by 80% of P. aeruginosa isolates with phenotypic evidence of ESBL production. BEL or PER ESBLs co-existed with VIM carbapenemases in 15 isolates and caused outbreaks in four hospitals. Our data further highlight the epidemic potential of the international clone ST235, which may have acquired bla(BEL-1) gene cassettes from a yet unidentified local gene reservoir.
Greater Visibility for R&D. (Corporate Strategy).(research and Development in North American Industry Classification System( (NAICS))(Brief Article) (2002)

Research and development gets a boost in the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which has recently replaced the U.S. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). U.S., Canadian and Mexican government agencies and businesses use (pronounced Nakes) to track economic activity. The six-digit updates the four-digit SIC which was created in the 1930s and last updated in 1987. More than 350 new industries, such as fiber optic cable manufacturing and satellite communications are recognized for the first time in NAICS. NAICS should do a better job of accounting for these emerging high-tech industries that have been ignored under the old SIC coding system, says Lisa Anderson, an economist at Economy.com, West Chester, Pennsylvania. RD 54171, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences; 54172, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities. …
Fermi level and surface barrier of Ga<i>x</i>In1−<i>x</i>As alloys (1981)

The surface Fermi level of n-type GaxIn1−xAs alloys is displaced as a function of x from above the conduction band minimum of InAs to the lower half of the band gap of GaAs. Fermi-level pinning is attributed to an As vacancy-related energy level located ∼0.5 eV above the valence band and invariant with x.
Large-field high-speed polarization sensitive spectral domain OCT and its applications in ophthalmology (2012)

We present a novel spectral domain polarization sensitive OCT system (PS-OCT) that operates at an A-scan rate of 70 kHz and supports scan angles of up to 40° × 40°. The high-speed imaging allows the acquisition of up to 1024 × 250 A-scans per 3D scan, which, together with the large field of view, considerably increases the informative value of the images. To demonstrate the excellent performance of the new PS-OCT system, we imaged several healthy volunteers and patients with various diseases such as glaucoma, AMD, Stargardt's disease, and albinism. The results are compared with clinically established methods such as scanning laser polarimetry and autofluorescence.
5‐HT<sub>1A</sub> RECEPTOR AGONIST PROPERTIES OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS DETERMINED BY [<sup>35</sup>S]GTPγS BINDING IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL MEMBRANES (2007)

1. 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptors have attracted increasing attention as a promising target for antipsychotic therapy. Although many atypical antipsychotic drugs, including the prototype clozapine, have been reported to be partial agonists at 5-HT1A receptors, these results are often fragmental and derived mainly from experiments that used cultured cells. 2. In the present study, [35S]guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) ([35S]GTPgammaS) binding assay in rat hippocampal membranes was applied to a series of antipsychotic drugs, especially atypical antipsychotics. 3. Most, but not all, of atypical antipsychotic drugs and the classical antipsychotic drug nemonapride behaved as partial agonists at 5-HT1A receptors with varied potencies and relative efficacies. The most potent compound was perospirone with a mean EC50 of 27 nmol/L, followed by aripiprazole (45 nmol/L) > ziprasidone (480 nmol/L) > nemonapride (790 nmol/L) > clozapine (3900 nmol/L) > quetiapine (26,000 nmol/L). The maximal percentage increases over the basal binding (%Emax) for these antipsychotic drugs were 30-50%, with the exception of perospirone (approximately 15%), whereas 5-HT stimulated the binding to a mean %Emax of 105%. 4. Increasing concentrations of the selective and neutral 5-HT1A antagonist WAY100635 shifted the concentration-response curve of nemonapride-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding to the right and in parallel. 5. The relative efficacy or intrinsic activity of a compound was affected differently by the differing concentrations of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) in the assay buffer, which should be taken into consideration when determining the relative efficacies of these antipsychotics as 5-HT1A receptor agonists. 6. These results provide important information concerning the relevance of 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist properties in the treatment for schizophrenic patients with most, if not all, of atypical antipsychotic drugs.
Learning and Detecting Concept Drift (2008)

The volume of data that humans create has increased explosively as information science and technology have evolved. Therefore, the demand for learning machines that can extract input-output mappings and knowledge rules from massive data sets has become more urgent, and machine learning is now a core technology in the advanced information society. It has been applied to fields such as pattern recognition, search engines, medical support, robot engineering, image processing, and data mining and has achieved significant accomplishments in each field. Recently, several methods that could not be implemented with older computers have been developed with state-of-the-art computers that have enormous memory capacity and high performance CPUs. Machine learning is expected to continue to develop in the future. Machine learning can be roughly classified into two types of learning based on how training examples are presented: batch learning and online learning. Batch learning systems are first given a large number of examples that they then learn all at a once. In contrast, online learning systems are given examples sequentially that they learn
Changes in growth and photosynthetic patterns of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings exposed to short-term CO2 enrichment in a closed top chamber (2009)

Three varieties of oil palm seedlings (Deli Yangambi, Deli Urt, Deli AVROS) were exposed to three levels of CO2 (400, 800, 1,200 μmol/mol) in split plot design to determine growth (net assimilation rate, NAR; relative growth rate, RGR) and photosynthetic patterns of the seedlings under short-term CO2 exposure of 15 weeks. Increasing CO2 from 400 to 800 and 1,200 μmol/mol significantly enhanced total biomass and leaf area, net photosynthesis (A) and water use efficiency (WUE) especially from weeks 9 to 15. By the end of week 15, total biomass increased by 113%, and A and WUE by one- and fivefold, respectively, while specific leaf area decreased by 37%. Both enhanced biomass and A under elevated CO2 were effective in modifying NAR and RGR as shown by high correlation coefficient values (r 2 = 0.68 and 0.72; r 2 = 0.63 and 0.67, respectively), although WUE seemed to have more influence over the NAR (r 2 = 0.97) and RGR (r 2 = 0.93). Neither interspecific preference nor its interaction with CO2 imposed any significant effect on parameters observed. Growth improvement with CO2 seemed able to produce healthy, bigger and vigorous oil palm seedlings, and the technique may have potential to be developed for use to reduce nursery period.
Efeitos de períodos de permanência de clomazone + hexazinona no solo e na palha de cana-de-açúcar antes da ocorrência de chuvas na eficácia de controle de plantas daninhas (2010)

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficácia da mistura formulada de clomazone e hexazinona aplicada sobre o solo e em associação com a palha de cana-de-açúcar, após diferentes períodos de permanência sem a ocorrência de chuvas. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos em casa de vegetação, no município de Botucatu-SP. Os vasos foram preenchidos com solo, e as sementes de plantas daninhas (Brachiaria decumbens, Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederifolia e Euphorbia heterophylla) foram semeadas superficialmente e, em seguida, cobertas ou não com palha de cana-de-açúcar, dependendo do tratamento utilizado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um esquema fatorial 3 x 6, sendo os fatores seis períodos sem ocorrência de chuvas (0, 3, 7, 15, 30 e 60 dias) e três posicionamentos do produto (sobre o solo sem palha, sobre e sob a palha de cana). Foram realizadas avaliações de controle aos 10, 21, 35 e 42 dias após a ocorrência da chuva. A mistura de clomazone + hexazinona promoveu excelentes resultados de controle para todas as espécies estudadas quando aplicada sobre, sob ou na ausência de palha de cana-de-açúcar. No entanto, observou-se tendência de redução nos níveis de controle para períodos superiores a 60 dias sem ocorrência de chuva.
Genetic algorithms, noise, and the sizing of populations (1991)

This paper considers the effect of stochasticity on the quality of convergence of genetic algorithms (GAs). In many problems, the variance of building-block fitness or so-called collateral noise is the major source of variance, and a population-sizing equation is derived to ensure that average signal-to-collateral-noise ratios are favorable to the discrimination of the best building blocks required to solve a problem of bounded deception. The sizing relation is modified to permit the inclusion of other sources of stochasticity, such as the noise of selection, the noise of genetic operators, and the explicit noise or nondeterminism of the objective function. In a test suite of five functions, the sizing relation proves to be a conservative predictor of average correct convergence, as long as all major sources of noise are considered in the sizing calculation. These results suggest how the sizing equation may be viewed as a coarse delineation of a boundary between what a physicist might call two distinct phases of GA behavior. At low population sizes the GA makes many errors of decision, and the quality of convergence is largely left to the vagaries of chance or the serial fixup of flawed results through mutation or other serial injection of diversity. At large population sizes, GAs can reliably discriminate between good and bad building blocks, and parallel processing and recombination of building blocks lead to quick solution of even difficult deceptive problems. Additionally, the paper outlines a number of extensions to this work, including the development of more refined models of the relation between generational average error and ultimate convergence quality, the development of online methods for sizing populations via the estimation of population-s...
Tests for trend in life table analysis (1975)

Using the regression model proposed by Cox (1972) a test for monotone trend in hazard functions is derived for use, for example, in chemical carcinogenesis experiments in which a chemical is administered at increasing dose levels. It is demonstrated that under the null hypothesis of no dose-response relationship the test statistic is distributed asymptotically as chi-squared with one degree of freedom. An exact test for trend is proposed which is valid when censorship is random and equal.
Influence of fatigue on the simulated relation between the amplitude of the surface electromyogram and muscle force (2010)

A linear relation between surface electromyogram (EMG) amplitude and muscle force is often assumed and used to estimate the contributions of selected muscles to various tasks. In the presence of muscle fatigue, however, changes in the properties of muscle fibre action potentials and motor unit twitch forces can alter the relation between surface EMG amplitude and force. A novel integrative model of motor neuron control and the generation of muscle fibre action potentials was used to simulate surface EMG signals and muscle force during three fatigue protocols. The change in the simulated relation between surface EMG amplitude and force depended on both the level of fatigue and the details of the fatiguing contraction. In general, surface EMG amplitude overestimated muscle force when fatigue was present. For example, surface EMG amplitudes corresponding to 60 per cent of the amplitude obtained at maximal force without fatigue corresponded to forces in the range 10-40% of the maximal force across three representative fatigue protocols. The results indicate that the surface EMG amplitude cannot be used to predict either the level of muscle activation or the magnitude of muscle force when the muscle exhibits any fatigue.
Isolation and Some Properties of Human Metallothionein<sup>*</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIsolation and Some Properties of Human Metallothionein*Pablo Pulido, Jeremias H. R. Kägi, and Bert L. ValleeCite this: Biochemistry 1966, 5, 5, 1768–1777Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00869a046https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00869a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views269Altmetric-Citations269LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts