gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EVIDENCE FOR STEREOSPECIFICITY OF THE P<sub>1</sub>‐PURINOCEPTOR (1982)

1 The effects of adenosine, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), 2-chloroadenosine, 2-azidoadenosine, and their L-enantiomers were examined on driven left atria, trachea and transmurally stimulated ileum of the guinea-pig. 2 In each tissue the order of potency of the D-enantiomers for producing inhibitory effects was NECA greater than 2-chloroadenosine greater than 2-azidoadenosine greater than adenosine. 3 The log concentration-response curve of each agonist was shifted to the right in the presence of the P1-purinoceptor antagonist, theophylline. 4 Dipyridamole, which blocks adenosine uptake, potentiated the effects of adenosine but not those of the D-enantiomers of adenosine analogues. 5 The greater potency of the adenosine analogues therefore, is at least partly due to their resistance to tissue uptake and subsequent enzymatic destruction. 6 The L-enantiomers of adenosine and its analogues did not produce inhibitory responses in the driven left atria or transmurally stimulated ileum. At high concentrations relaxations of the tracheal muscle were obtained, with the potency series L-NECA greater than 2-chloro-L-adenosine greater than 2-azido-L-adenosine greater than L-adenosine. 7 It is concluded that the postsynaptic P1-purinoceptors in the guinea-pig atria and trachea and the presynaptic P1-purinoceptors on cholinergic nerve terminals in guinea-pig ileum are stereospecific for the D-enantiomers of adenosine and its analogues.
Joint routing and scheduling metrics for ad hoc wireless networks (2003)

We address the problems of routing and scheduling in resource-limited ad hoc wireless networks supporting connectionless traffic. Motivated by the novel challenges and trade-offs introduced by ad hoc wireless networks, we propose link metric-based distributed routing and scheduling algorithms. We consider limited transceiver, energy and unlimited bandwidth conditions and our performance criteria are average consumed energy, delay, network lifetime and communication overhead caused by the scheduling algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the metrics by detailed simulations.
Deriving the basic cell-reciprocal integrating nephelometer equation and its use for calibration purposes: a comprehensive approach (1999)

The problem defined in the title has partially been addressed by various studies, in a complicated manner, without providing sufficient details or in ways that are to some extent confusing. For these reasons the basic equation governing the operation of the cell-reciprocal integrating nephelometer (CRIN) has been deduced by a comprehensible and didactic approach in this work. A comparison of this equation with the respective one for the cell-direct integrating nephelometer (CDIN) has been undertaken. An introductory review analysis of the equation and its first and second corrections, due to the so-called truncation error and light extinction error, respectively, has been performed. An indication of how they can, in theory, be minimized is given. The essential CRIN-calibration procedure has been described with special emphasis on the convenient use of a monodisperse, non-absorbing and spherical aerosol as a calibration substance instead of using toxic and environmentally damaging gases. However, in this respect, some comments on fundamental technical problems and possible errors arising in generating, sampling and operating an aerosol of this kind for calibration purposes have been added. For the various aspects analysed in this work it is shown that the CRIN-calibration procedure is a very difficult task to accomplish, especially when an aerosol is used.
Encapsulation of large dye molecules in hierarchically superstructured metal–organic frameworks (2014)

Microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a new family of microporous materials, offering potential applications in gas separation and storage, catalysis, and membranes. The engineering of hierarchical superstructured MOFs, i.e., fabricating mesopores in microporous frameworks during the crystallization stage is expected to serve a myriad of applications for molecular adsorption, drug delivery, and catalysis. However, MOFs with mesopores are rarely studied because of the lack of a simple, effective way to construct mesoscale cavities in the structures. Here, we report the use of a perturbation-assisted nanofusion technique to construct hierarchically superstructured MOFs. In particular, the mesopores in the MOF structure enabled the confinement of large dye species, resulting in fluorescent MOF materials, which can serve as a new type of ratiometric luminescent sensors for typical volatile organic compounds.
<sup>14</sup>N MAS NMR Spectroscopy:  The Nitrate Ion (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXT14N MAS NMR Spectroscopy: The Nitrate IonHans J. Jakobsen, H. Bildsøe, J. Skibsted, and T. GiavaniView Author Information Instrument Centre for Solid State NMR Spectroscopy Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 21, 5098–5099Publication Date (Web):May 3, 2001Publication History Received2 January 2001Revised7 March 2001Published online3 May 2001Published inissue 1 May 2001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0100118Copyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views742Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (51 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Anions,Ions,Nitrogen,Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,Probes Get e-Alerts
Activation of Mil/Raf protein kinases in mitotic cells. (1996)

The c-Raf-1 protein kinase is a major element of several signal transduction pathways and thought to be involved in entry into the S phase of the cell cycle. Here we show that c-Raf-1 as well as the transforming viral fusion protein Gag-Mil, in which most of the amino terminal regulatory region of the avian Raf homologue Mil is deleted, are activated five- to sixfold in mitotic cells. Mitotic activation of Mil/Raf kinase activity correlates with reduced electrophoretic mobility caused by hyperphosphorylation at serine/threonine residues located in the carboxy terminal part of c-Raf-1. Mitotic hyperphosphorylation occurs in various cell-lines indicating that it is ubiquitous. Our data suggest a novel function for Mil/Raf kinases in late stages of the cell cycle.
Design of two-dimensional separable denominator recursive filters (1979)

This paper presents a synthesis procedure for a class of two-dimensional recursive filters. The test of stability for such filters is easy. The design method is based upon minimization of the mean-square error between the synthesized filter and a given prototype.
SoundDelta - Large scale, multi-user audio augmented reality (2009)

International audience
Selection of Immunoglobulin Variable Regions in Autoimmunity to DNA (1992)

Results from our analyses of variable region gene usage among spontaneous anti-DNA antibodies in autoimmune mice have indicated that both the early IgM and later-appearing IgG autoantibodies to DNA are generated by clonally selected B cells. The recurrent usage of particular variable region genes among all the anti-DNA hybridomas analyzed and reported to date supports this hypothesis. The preferential expression of particular light and heavy chain variable region genes among selected populations of both IgM and IgG anti-DNA hybridomas likewise supports the hypothesis. Both IgM and IgG antibody-producing B cells are derived from the same clonal precursor population and may be derived from the same B cell clonal precursor within an individual mouse. The selective and recurrent expression of germline and somatically-derived structures that would be expected to promote protein binding to DNA within anti-DNA antibody variable regions, particularly arginines in both light and heavy chain complementarity-determining regions, indicates that DNA or DNA-containing complexes may be the antigen that stimulates anti-DNA antibody in autoimmune mice. The progressive increase in the specificity of spontaneous anti-DNA antibodies for native DNA as the autoimmune response matures from IgM to IgG likewise suggests that DNA may be the antigenic stimulus for spontaneous anti-DNA in autoimmune mice. A hypothetical, computer-generated model of anti-DNA antibody binding to DNA provides an interesting paradigm for the molecular basis of antibody specificity for DNA.
108. Studies on the Chemistry of Cheddar Cheese Making. II. The Buffer Capacity of Wheys (1935)

1. The buffer values of wheys obtained at various stages of the cheesemaking process have been determined over the p H range 3·5—7·5. 2. The buffering between p H 3 and 5 is shown to be chiefly due to lactate, while that at higher P H values is chiefly due to calcium phosphate. 3. The results of the buffer determinations are shown to be in accord with the analyses of the mineral constituents of wheys reported in the first paper of this series (1).
Ionic Liquids and Their Hosting by Polymers for HT‐PEMFC Membranes (2010)

Abstract The paper deals with proton‐conducting ionic liquids (PCILs) for use, in combination with functional polymers, in membranes operating in high temperature PEMFC. Monoammoniums derived from monoamines and half‐neutralised diamines were investigated in the form of triflates. Promising results were obtained with the half‐neutralised diamine‐based PCIL, its conduction being governed by both Grotthuss‐like and vehicular mechanisms, the respective contributions of which depend on temperature. In addition, their blending with Nafion results in a distinct reinforcement of the membrane.
Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of cobalt(II) in molten aluminum chloride-n-butylpyridinium chloride (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrochemical and spectroscopic studies of cobalt(II) in molten aluminum chloride-n-butylpyridinium chlorideC. L. Hussey and T. M. LaherCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 12, 4201–4206Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50226a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50226a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views170Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antitumor efficacy of PD115934 (NSC 366140) against solid tumors of mice. (1990)

PD115934 (NSC 366140) is a soluble pyrazoloacridine derivative presently undergoing preclinical toxicology evaluation with the anticipation of Phase I human investigation. The agent displayed both human and murine solid tumor selectivity in vitro in a soft agar disk diffusion assay, relative to its activity against murine L1210 leukemia. In vivo it was highly active against solid tumors colon adenocarcinoma 38 and pancreas ductal carcinoma 03, which was consistent with the cellular cytotoxicity seen in the disk diffusion assay. A log cell kill of greater than 4.0 was demonstrated in vivo against both models. PD115934 was administered by both bolus and infusional therapy. After completion of these trials, it was determined that this compound was a schedule category III agent, i.e., a schedule-independent agent with peak plasma level toxicity. The main toxicity encountered with infusional therapy was myelosuppression. With bolus therapy, central nervous system toxicities were dose limiting. On the basis of our preclinical infusion studies, we recommend a 2-h infusion twice weekly in humans in order to obtain a total dose of 360 mg/m2 over 8 weeks.
Derivate des Methylendioxybenzols, III. Darstellung des 4.5‐Methylendioxy‐phthalaldehyds (1961)

Abstract Die Formylierung von Anethol, Isoeugenol‐methyläther und Isosafrol, die Reduktion des Hydrastsäureanhydrids mit LiAlH 4 und Halomethylierungen von Piperonylalkohol wurden untersucht. Der erhaltene 4.5‐Methylendioxy‐phthalalkohol wurde mit Selendioxyd in den entsprechenden Dialdehyd übergeführt.
Optimal sensor placement (2003)

The author defines the problem of optimal sensor placement in two-dimensional space to address the issue of choosing a configuration of multiple sensors to minimize the uncertainty in the consensus estimate obtained by combining the sensor measurements. The algebraic structure of sensor errors with respect to sensor placement is studied, and a necessary condition for the optimal placement is derived. The solution to the problem is obtained by comparing sensor configurations that satisfy the necessary condition. The method does not assume specific sensor modality and is applicable to sensors of any type that are capable of providing position information.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Novel orthotopic implantation model of human malignant pleural mesothelioma (EHMES‐10 cells) highly expressing vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (2006)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is closely related to exposure to asbestos, and a rapid increase in the number of MPM patients in Japan is estimated in the years 2010-2050. The purpose of the present study was to establish a clinically relevant animal model that shows human patient-like progression of MPM. Here, we demonstrate that a human MPM cell line (EHMES-10) inoculated orthotopically (thoracic cavity) into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice produces highly vascularized thoracic tumors with pleural dissemination and bloody pleural effusions by 5 weeks, suggesting a patient-like progression of this cell line after orthotopic inoculation. EHMES-10 cells overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a molecule responsible for malignant effusions, and its receptor. Treatment with cisplatin, but not gemcitabine, significantly inhibited the production of pleural effusions, but it was not effective for thoracic tumors, consistent with chemotherapy refractory characteristics of MPM in patients. Our patient-like orthotopic model using EHMES-10 cells overexpressing VEGF and its receptor may be useful for examining the molecular pathogenesis of MPM and may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies for MPM.
Space-charge-induced optoelectronic switching in IIa diamond (1984)

Experimental results are presented concerning the effect of contacts on the performance of high-voltage optoelectronic switching in insulating diamond. For high bias voltages and low intensity 222-nm, ≊7-ns pulse illumination near the cathode, the switched voltage pulse splits into two peaks. The first peak corresponds to the high-speed photoconductive response of the diamond, while the second peak (which can be delayed up to ≊200 ns later) is attributed to space-charge-induced switching in the vicinity of the cathode.
Discovery of potent necroptosis inhibitors targeting RIPK1 kinase activity for the treatment of inflammatory disorder and cancer metastasis (2019)

Abstract Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis controlled by receptor-interacting kinase 1 (RIPK1 or RIP1), RIPK3 (RIP3), and pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Increasing evidence suggests that necroptosis is closely associated with pathologies including inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer metastasis. Herein, we discovered the small-molecule PK6 and its derivatives as a novel class of necroptosis inhibitors that directly block the kinase activity of RIPK1. Optimization of PK6 led to PK68, which has improved efficacy for the inhibition of RIPK1-dependent necroptosis, with an EC 50 of around 14–22 nM in human and mouse cells. PK68 efficiently blocks cellular activation of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL upon necroptosis stimuli. PK68 displays reasonable selectivity for inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Importantly, PK68 provides strong protection against TNF-α-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome in vivo. Moreover, pre-treatment of PK68 significantly represses metastasis of both melanoma cells and lung carcinoma cells in mice. Together, our study demonstrates that PK68 is a potent and selective inhibitor of RIPK1 and also highlights its great potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory disorders and cancer metastasis.
Quasidynamic layout optimizations for improving data locality (2004)

Compiler-directed locality optimization techniques are effective in reducing the number of cycles spent in off-chip memory accesses. Recently, methods have been developed that transform memory layouts of data structures at compile-time to improve spatial locality of nested loops beyond current control-centric (loop nest-based) optimizations. Most of these data-centric transformations use a single static (program-wide) memory layout for each array. A disadvantage of these static layout-based locality enhancement strategies is that they might fail to optimize codes that manipulate arrays, which demand different layouts in different parts of the code. We introduce a new approach, which extends current static layout optimization techniques by associating different memory layouts with the same array in different parts of the code. We call this strategy "quasidynamic layout optimization." In this strategy, the compiler determines memory layouts (for different parts of the code) at compile time, but layout conversions occur at runtime. We show that the possibility of dynamically changing memory layouts during the course of execution adds a new dimension to the data locality optimization problem. Our strategy employs a static layout optimizer module as a building block and, by repeatedly invoking it for different parts of the code, it checks whether runtime layout modifications bring additional benefits beyond static optimization. Our experiments indicate significant improvements in execution time over static layout-based locality enhancing techniques.
Laser Processing For Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) (1987)

ASIC devices can be programmed by lasers using two techniques - a photochemical approach to direct-write connections or localized heating of the circuits by a laser spot to cut or form link structures. The technique to cut links is a mature process based on cutting similar link structures used to repair memory devices with redundant circuitry. The link-cutting process described here provides a 90% or higher programming yield on a 100,000 link ASIC based on specific process recommendations including optical verification of link cutting performance.
Adaptive decomposition of multicomponent ocean-bottom seismic data into downgoing and upgoing P- and S-waves (2003)

Abstract With wavefield decomposition, the recorded wavefield at a certain depth level can be separated into upgoing and downgoing wavefields as well as into P- and S-waves. The medium parameters at the considered depth level (e.g., just below the ocean-bottom) need to be known in order to be able to do a decomposition. In general, these parameters are unknown and, in addition, measurement-related issues, such as geophone coupling and crosstalk between the different components, need to be dealt with. In order to apply decomposition to field data, an adaptive five-stage decomposition scheme was developed in which these issues are addressed. In this study, the adaptive decomposition scheme is tested on a data example with a relatively shallow water depth (∼120 m), consisting recordings from of a full line of ocean-bottom receivers. Although some of the individual stages in the decomposition scheme are more difficult to apply because of stronger interference between events compared to data acquired over deeper water, the end result is satisfying. Also, a good decomposition result is obtained for the S-waves. The extension of the decomposition scheme to a complete line of ocean-bottom cable data consists of a repeated application of the procedure for each receiver. The resulting decomposed upgoing P- and S-wavefields are processed, yielding poststack time migrated images of the subsurface. Comparison with the images obtained from the original (i.e., not decomposed) measurements shows that wavefield decomposition just below the ocean bottom leads to a strong attenuation of multiply reflected events at the sea surface and better event definition in both P-and S-wave sections. Other decomposition effects like improved angle-dependent amplitudes cannot be evaluated in this way.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STATE OF GROWTH OF THE HUMAN ENDOMETRIUM AND ITS RESPONSE TO A SYNTHETIC PROGESTAGEN (CHLORMADINONE) (1964)

Summary. Chlormadinone, an orally active progestagen, was administered in conjunction with an oestrogen to normally menstruating and to postmenopausal women, and the changes induced in the uterine endometrium are described. The effects are not governed solely by the nature of the progestagen, but are directly related to the proliferative state of the endometrium at the start of treatment.
Keloids: Current concepts of pathogenesis (Review) (2009)

Excess scar formation occurs after dermal injury as a result of abnormal wound healing. Hypertrophic scars and keloids both represent fibrotic skin conditions which can be very difficult, even frustrating, to treat. Identification of differences between hypertrophic scars, keloids and normal scars are a prerequisite for finding the correct therapeutical concept. Despite the relatively high prevalence of keloids in the general population, the mechanisms underlying keloid formation are only partially understood. This fact is reflected in the multiple treatment modalities, of which no single treatment has proven to be widely effective. Advances in our understanding of the wound healing process reveal new pathophysiological concepts for keloid formation. Our article presents an overview on physiological wound healing and the pathogenesis of scar formation, differentiates keloids from hypertrophic scars and reviews current hypotheses for keloid formation. This information might assist in deciphering the complexity of keloid pathogenesis and help in the development of an efficacious therapeutical strategy.