gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recombinant Equine Interferon-β <sub>1</sub> : Purification and Preliminary Characterization (1990)

Equine interferon-beta 1 (EqIFN-beta 1) was purified from extracts of recombinant Escherichia coli by sequential chromatography on hydroxylapatite, anion-, and cation-exchangers. The resulting protein was greater than 98% pure as determined by sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis, gel permeation HPLC, and reverse-phase HPLC. Amino-terminal amino acid sequencing revealed that essentially all molecules contained an additional amino-terminal methionine. The specific antiviral activity of EqIFN-beta 1 determined on equine dermal fibroblasts challenged with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was approximately 5 X 10(8) U/mg. Less than 0.001% of this activity was observed in antiviral assays using human (A549), murine (L-M), ovine (SCP), or bovine (MDBK and BT) cells challenged with VSV or encephalomyocarditis virus. A series of monoclonal murine IgG antibodies were developed which neutralize the antiviral activity of EqIFN-beta 1. None of these antibodies nor rabbit antiserum to EqIFN-beta 1 were able to neutralize human IFN-beta; antiserum to human IFN-beta did not neutralize EqIFN-beta 1. Two of the monoclonal antibodies were used to establish a rapid one-step solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for EqIFN-beta 1.
Capacity Trends and Limits of Optical Communication Networks (2012)

Since the first deployments of fiber-optic communication systems three decades ago, the capacity carried by a single-mode optical fiber has increased by a staggering 10 000 times. Most of the growth occurred in the first two decades with growth slowing to ten times in the last decade. Over the same three decades, network traffic has increased by a much smaller factor of 100, but with most of the growth occurring in the last few years, when data started dominating network traffic. At the current growth rate, the next factor of 100 in network traffic growth will occur within a decade. The large difference in growth rates between the delivered fiber capacity and the traffic demand is expected to create a capacity shortage within a decade. The first part of the paper recounts the history of traffic and capacity growth and extrapolations for the future. The second part looks into the technological challenges of growing the capacity of single-mode fibers by presenting a capacity limit estimate of standard and advanced single-mode optical fibers. The third part presents elementary capacity considerations for transmission over multiple transmission modes and how it compares to a single-mode transmission. Finally, the last part of the paper discusses fibers supporting multiple spatial modes, including multimode and multicore fibers, and the role of digital processing techniques. Spatial multiplexing in fibers is expected to enable system capacity growth to match traffic growth in the next decades.
An ultra-low-power power management IC for energy-scavenged Wireless Sensor Nodes (2008)

A power interface IC is designed and demonstrated to convert and manage power for a wireless tire pressure sensor node. The IC includes two switched-capacitor DC-DC converters to supply power to the various components of the sensor at their appropriate voltages. The design of the two integrated converters is discussed, including the optimization of capacitors and power transistors. The losses due to parasitic capacitances are analyzed. Two gate drive techniques are used to drive the gates of the floating triple-well transistors. A synchronous rectifier efficiently harvests energy from an electromagnetic shaker and control circuitry regulates the output voltage while minimizing power consumption. The two converters achieve efficiencies of approximately 84% while the synchronous rectifier achieves an efficiency of 88%.
Online Sequential Prediction via Incremental Parsing: The Active LeZi Algorithm (2007)

Intelligent systems that can predict future events can make more reliable decisions. Active LeZi, a sequential prediction algorithm, can reason about the future in stochastic domains without domain-specific knowledge. In this article, potential of constructing a prediction algorithm based on data compression techniques are investigated. Active LeZi prediction algorithm approaches sequential prediction from an information-theoretic standpoint. For any sequence of events that can be modeled as a stochastic process, ALZ uses Markov models to optimally predict the next symbol
NUMERICAL SHAPE OPTIMIZATION FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE OF A HEAT SINK WITH PIN-FINS (2004)

The design optimization of a 7 × 7 pin-fin heat sink is performed numerically. To achieve higher thermal performance of the heat sink, the thermal resistance at the junction of the chip and the heat sink and the overall pressure drop in the heat sink have to be minimized simultaneously. The fin height (h), fin width (w), and fan-to-heat sink distance (c) are chosen as the design variables, and the pressure drop (ΔP) and thermal resistance (θ ja ) are adopted as the objective functions. To obtain the optimum design values, we used the finite-volume method for calculating the objective functions, the Broydon-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method for solving the unconstrained nonlinear optimization problem, and the weighting method for predicting the multiobjective problem. The results show that the optimum design variables for the weighting coefficient of 0.5 are as follows: w = 4.653 mm, h = 59.215 mm, and c = 2.669 mm. The objective functions corresponding to the optimal design are calculated as ΔP = 6.82 Pa and θ ja = 0.56 K/W. The Pareto solutions are also presented for various weighting coefficients, and they offer very useful data for designing a pin-fin heat sink.
Design of a sample-and-hold analog front end for a 56Gb/s PAM-4 receiver using 65nm CMOS (2015)

We <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> present an analog front end for a PAM-4 clock and data recovery circuit designed in 65nm CMOS. The front end consists of an arrangement of 8 interleaved master and slave sample-and-hold circuits, to be followed by an array of dynamic comparators. Each interleaved channel contains two wideband buffers with accurate bias and common-mode control circuitry to drive the sample-and-hold circuits. The worst-case (across process, temperature and supply voltage corners) aperture time of the sampling front end is 17ps for a differential input voltage swing of 200mV, sufficient to resolve a 56Gb/s (28Gbaud) PAM-4 signal. The power consumption is 55mW from 1.0V and 1.2V supply voltages.
Improved performance of a new thrombus aspiration catheter: Outcomes from in vitro experiments and a case presentation (2004)

Thrombus vacuum catheter (TVAC) is a new thrombus aspiration catheter. The catheter has a beak-shaped distal tip and a shaft with spring support. Based on in vitro tests, these design features showed improved ability to pass through a simulated coronary artery model with a bend and to aspirate gel. TVAC has an outer diameter of 4.5 Fr and is available with a 7 Fr guide. We report a case of acute myocardial infarction that was successfully treated with TVAC after use of other aspiration devices failed in its treatment. Since protection of microcirculation in coronary reperfusion may be essential in acute myocardial infarction, TVAC is a promising device to help achieve this goal.
Radioimmunoassay of human arginine-rich apolipoprotein, apoprotein E. Concentration in blood plasma and lipoproteins as affected by apoprotein E-3 deficiency. (1980)

A radioimmunoassay for apolipoprotein E in human blood serum has been developed that measures equally the major polymorphic species of the protein (apolipoproteins E-1, E-2, E-3, and E-4) and the apo E in the dimer of apolipoproteins E and A-II. The assay is specific and yields values for apolipoprotein E in very low density lipoproteins that agree closely with those obtained by a quantitative electrophoretic method. Apolipoprotein E is also present in at least one species of high density lipoprotein, but the content of apolipoprotein E in the lipoprotein fractions of plasma is uncertain owing to dissociation during ultracentrifugation. The concentration of apolipoprotein E is higher in serum of normolipidemic, premenopausal women than in men of comparable age and is a direct function of the serum triglyceride level. Apolipoprotein E levels are increased out of proportion to triglyceride levels in hyperlipidemic patients with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (homozygotes for lack of apolipoprotein E-3). Heterozygous relatives of homozygotes have significantly higher apolipoprotein E levels in serum than unaffected relatives. The concentration of partially degraded (remnant) triglyceride-rich lipoproteins also appears to be increased in heterozygotes, who comprise about 15% of the population.
Application of MAE Technique in the Nondestructive Test of Rail Performance (1998)

For rail material, there is a dependence of the MAE (magneto acoustic emission) intensity upon its stress condition. Based on the dependence, calibration is first made on an annealed rail, then the residual stress in a U74 new rail is measured. The possibility of predicting the rail′s remaining life by means of MAE technique is also discussed.
Accuracy of left ventricular ejection fraction by contemporary multiple gated acquisition scanning in patients with cancer: comparison with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (2016)

Multiple gated acquisition scanning (MUGA) is a common imaging modality for baseline and serial assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for cardiotoxicity risk assessment prior to, surveillance during, and surveillance after administration of potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) obtained by contemporary clinical multiple gated acquisition scans (MUGA) with reference LVEFs from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in consecutive patients with cancer. In a cross-sectional study, we compared MUGA clinical and CMR reference LVEFs in 75 patients with cancer who had both studies within 30 days. Misclassification was assessed using the two most common thresholds of LVEF used in cardiotoxicity clinical studies and practice: 50 and 55%. Compared to CMR reference LVEFs, MUGA clinical LVEFs were only lower by a mean of 1.5% (48.5% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.17). However, the limits of agreement between MUGA clinical and CMR reference LVEFs were wide at −19.4 to 16.5%. At LVEF thresholds of 50 and 55%, there was misclassification of 35 and 20% of cancer patients, respectively. MUGA clinical LVEFs are only modestly accurate when compared with CMR reference LVEFs. These data have significant implications on clinical research and patient care of a population with, or at risk for, cardiotoxicity.
XII. ACROLEIN-UREA. (1882)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTXII. ACROLEIN-UREA.Albert R. LeedsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1882, 4, 5, 58–61Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1882Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1882https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02154a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02154a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis (2007)

The clinically heterogeneous group of idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system is characterized by several immunopathological patterns that suggest the involvement of diverse pathogenic effector mechanisms. Future advances in experimental pathology, immunology, molecular genetics, and neuroimaging, as well as the discovery of specific biomarkers, will more precisely define these disorders and lead to better targeted therapies.
Double Trench Isolation (DTI): A Novel Isolation Technology For Deep-submicron Silicon Devices (1993)

In this paper, a novel isolation technology, Double Trench Isolation (DTI), is proposed. With DTI, trenches of constant width is obtained. DTI also enables combination of the LOCOS field oxide and trench isolation without complicated processes.
High performance photovoltaic infrared devices in Hg1−<i>x</i>Cd<i>x</i>Te on sapphire (1985)

A combination of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy and liquid phase expitaxy (LPE) has been used to grow CdTe on sapphire. The resultant heterostructure has been used as a substrate for LPE growth of Hg0.7Cd0.3Te. Photodiodes in the HgCdTe show excellent properties. Typical R0A products are ≥106 Ω cm at 77 K for Hg1−xCdxTe layers with cut-off wavelengths of 4.8–5.2 μm at 77 K. The backside-illuminated spectral response was broadband with quantum efficiencies typically &gt;80% (without antireflection coating).
The phenotypic mapping of down syndrome and other aneuploid conditions : proceedings of a National Down Syndome Society conference held in New York, January 14 and 15, 1993 (1993)

The Conceptual Bases for the Phenotypic Mapping of Conditions Resulting From Aneuploidy Physical Mapping of Chromosome 21 Molecular Mapping of the Down Syndrome Phenotype on Chromosome 21 Segmental Trisomy as a Mouse Model for Down Syndrome Karyotype/Phenotype Correlation: Prospects and Problems Illustrated by Chromosome 18 Gene Dosage as a Mechanism for a Common Autosomal Dominant Peripheral Neuropathy: Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A Mapping of the Angelman and Prader-Willi Syndromes.
Systematic identification of mutations and copy number alterations associated with cancer patient prognosis (2018)

Successful treatment decisions in cancer depend on the accurate assessment of patient risk. To improve our understanding of the molecular alterations that underlie deadly malignancies, we analyzed the genomic profiles of 17,879 tumors from patients with known outcomes. We find that mutations in almost all cancer driver genes contain remarkably little information on patient prognosis. However, CNAs in these same driver genes harbor significant prognostic power. Focal CNAs are associated with worse outcomes than broad alterations, and CNAs in many driver genes remain prognostic when controlling for stage, grade, <i>TP53</i> status, and total aneuploidy. By performing a meta-analysis across independent patient cohorts, we identify robust prognostic biomarkers in specific cancer types, and we demonstrate that a subset of these alterations also confer specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. In total, our analysis establishes a comprehensive resource for cancer biomarker identification and underscores the importance of gene copy number profiling in assessing clinical risk.
Nanostructured Thin Films via Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers (2002)

Thin films of incompatible block copolymers self-assemble into highly regular supramolecular structures with characteristic dimensions in the 10–100 nm regime. There is increasing interest in controlling the resulting structures and utilizing them, for instance in the area of nanotechnology. So far, research has concentrated mainly on exploiting the melt structure of diblock copolymers. Recent work on block copolymer solutions and more complex co- and terpolymer architectures has revealed a rich variety of novel thin-film structures, some of which exhibit high complexity and order. In addition, by use of mean field dynamic density functional theory along with well-controlled experiments, the fundamentals of thin film structure formation have been elucidated. We highlight some aspects of these studies and point to future directions in this lively field of materials science.
Dispersion and Major Property Enhancements in Polymer/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites via Solid-State Shear Pulverization Followed by Melt Mixing (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTDispersion and Major Property Enhancements in Polymer/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites via Solid-State Shear Pulverization Followed by Melt MixingJun’ichi Masuda† and John M. Torkelson*†‡View Author Information Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University.‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University.Cite this: Macromolecules 2008, 41, 16, 5974–5977Publication Date (Web):July 22, 2008Publication History Received11 June 2008Revised7 July 2008Published online22 July 2008Published inissue 1 August 2008https://doi.org/10.1021/ma801321jCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2010Altmetric-Citations118LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (947 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Colloids,Crystallization,Nanocomposites,Young’s modulus Get e-Alerts
Fourier Response of a Memristor: Generation of High Harmonics With Increasing Weights (2012)

We investigate the Fourier transform (FT) of the current through a memristor with an alternating-current voltage whose frequency is smaller than the characteristic memristor frequency. When the resultant hysteresis curve in the current-voltage plane is “smooth,” the current transform has weights at odd and even harmonics that decay rapidly and monotonically with the order of the harmonic. We find that, when the hysteresis curve is “sharp,” the FT is significantly broad, with increasing weights at high harmonics. We present a simple model that shows that this qualitative change in the Fourier spectrum is solely driven by the saturation of memristance during a voltage cycle and not independently by various system parameters, such as applied or memristor frequencies, or the nonlinear dopant drift. Our model predicts that maximal-weight higher harmonics occur most easily in a memristor with a sine voltage and positive polarity.
Microwave Photonic Harmonic Down-Conversion Based on Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing in a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (2018)

A reconfigurable and wideband photonic method is proposed for microwave photonic harmonic down-conversion based on cascaded four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The cascaded four-wave mixing in SOA triggers high-order harmonics generation of local oscillator (LO) in the optical domain, and enables microwave down-conversion in the electrical domain with a low-frequency electrical LO. Compared with the conventional photonic method, ours allows microwave down-conversion operation for wide frequency range RF signal with a low-frequency electrical LO, and at the same time it avoids the requirement of complex phase control and heavy driving for the electrical LO. Moreover, it enables reconfigurable down-conversion with frequency tunability. In the demonstration, the 3~40 GHz RF signals are experimentally down-converted to IF signals below 2 GHz with a low-frequency electrical LO within the range of 5 GHz.
Synthesis and Structure of Sodium Phenylsiloxanolate (2000)

Two different synthetic routes for the formation of sodium phenylsiloxanolate (SPS) have been developed: (i) the cleavage of oligo(phenylsilsesquioxane), OPSSO, by NaOH in n-butyl alcohol and (ii) the reaction of phenyltri-n-butoxysilane, PhSi(n-BuO)3, and NaOH in n-butyl alcohol in the presence of water. From both reactions, (i) and (ii), crystalline sym-cis-{(Na+)4[PhSi(O)O-]4}·8n-BuOH (A) was the product isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Reaction of SPS with Me3SiCl resulted in the formation of the corresponding sym-cis-tetraphenyltetrakis(trimethylsiloxy)cyclotetrasiloxane, [PhSi(O)OSiMe3]4. Under anhydrous conditions, PhSi(n-BuO)3 and NaOH reacted to give sodium phenyldi-n-butoxysilanolate, PhSi(ONa)(n-BuO)2. Subsequent treatment with Me3SiCl led to the formation of phenyl(trimethylsiloxy)di-n-butoxysilane, PhSi(n-BuO)2(OSiMe3).
Visual pose measurement system for VTOL UAV autonomous landing (2015)

A unified detection-tracking-estimation vision navigation system and algorithms framework for position and pose estimation of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) is proposed in this paper. The major contribution of this work is a novel cooperative object detection algorithm for robust detection of UAV: the spatial color pattern and temporal flicking pattern of the cooperative markers (groups of LEDs) mounted on UAV are adaptively adjusted to make it more salient from background, hence much easier for the vision system to detect it under unconstrained environment, especially during UAV taking-off/landing phase which is typically near ground and suffer more interference from complex scene and changing of illumination. After extracting position and pose information by vision system, particle filtering is used to smooth the trajectory of UAV based on established vehicle dynamics model. Experiment results shows the position and pose measurement based on vision techniques is consistent with IMU measurement and does not show long term drifting error compared to IMU measurement.
ChemInform Abstract: The Functionalization of Oligonucleotides via Phosphoramidite Derivatives (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Composite reverse osmosis membranes prepared by plasma polymerization of allylamine. Evaluation of membrane performance for the treatment of washwater and its components (1979)

Abstract Reverse osmosis membranes prepared by plasma polymerization of allylamine–nitrogen mixtures over a porous substrate were evaluated for the rejection of components present in washwater. The membranes exhibited high rejections for sodium chloride, potassium chloride, detergent, and dextrose. High rejections of urea could be achieved, but only at a sacrifice of water flux. Lactic acid could also be rejected but caused a degradation of the plasma‐deposited layer.