gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Dietary Strawberry, Spinach, or Vitamin E Supplementation Retards the Onset of Age-Related Neuronal Signal-Transduction and Cognitive Behavioral Deficits (1998)

Recent research has indicated that increased vulnerability to oxidative stress may be the major factor involved in CNS functional declines in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and that antioxidants, e.g., vitamin E, may ameliorate or prevent these declines. Present studies examined whether long-term feeding of Fischer 344 rats, beginning when the rats were 6 months of age and continuing for 8 months, with diets supplemented with a fruit or vegetable extract identified as being high in antioxidant activity, could prevent the age-related induction of receptor-mediated signal transduction deficits that might have a behavioral component. Thus, the following parameters were examined: (1) oxotremorine-enhanced striatal dopamine release (OX-K+-ERDA), (2) cerebellar beta receptor augmentation of GABA responding, (3) striatal synaptosomal 45Ca2+ clearance, (4) carbachol-stimulated GTPase activity, and (5) Morris water maze performance. The rats were given control diets or those supplemented with strawberry extracts (SE), 9.5 gm/kg dried aqueous extract (DAE), spinach (SPN 6.4 gm/kg DAE), or vitamin E (500 IU/kg). Results indicated that SPN-fed rats demonstrated the greatest retardation of age-effects on all parameters except GTPase activity, on which SE had the greatest effect, whereas SE and vitamin E showed significant but equal protection against these age-induced deficits on the other parameters. For example, OX-K+-ERDA enhancement was four times greater in the SPN group than in controls. Thus, phytochemicals present in antioxidant-rich foods such as spinach may be beneficial in retarding functional age-related CNS and cognitive behavioral deficits and, perhaps, may have some benefit in neurodegenerative disease.
N-Substituted Lactamides (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Substituted LactamidesM. L. Fein and E. M. FilachioneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 9, 2097–2099Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01105a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01105a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views378Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Calcium Oxalate Precipitation in a Flow System: An Attempt to Simulate The Early Stages of Stone Formation in the Renal Tubules (1986)

This paper describes in vitro studies on the generation of supersaturation and the early stages of calcium oxalate (CaOx) precipitation using a reverse osmosis hollow-fiber membrane to simulate the precipitation processes occurring in the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting system of the kidney. The article reports on the preliminary results of using a plug-flow configuration to simulate the reabsorption of water and generation of supersaturation during the approximately three-minute biological residence time of the urine in the upper part of the urinary tract. The results suggest that microcrystallization of CaOx . 2H2O in the renal tubules may play a role in stone formation processes. A survey of the effect of various inhibitors of CaOx precipitation indicates that pyrophosphate, magnesium, glutamic acid, heparin and citric acid reduce the tendency of CaOx crystals formed to agglomerate in this system.
Common Sense Approach to Thermal Imaging (2000)

Thorough explanation of heat transfer, with concepts supported by thermograms. Intended for all who work with thermal imaging systems: researchers, system designers, test engineers, sales staff, and military and civilian end users.
Study of Large-Scale Network Simulation Methods (2005)

AbstrcatNowadays, computer simulation has become an efficient evaluation tool for studying computer networks. With the constantly increasing scale and complexity of modern network, the requirement for large-scale simulation becomes more and more urgent. Consequently, the scalability of network simulation becomes particularly important. This paper first points out the fundamental issue such as large memory and CPU consumption in simulating large-scale network. Then three methods and related tools for improving scalability of network simulation are mainly discussed, including PADS, simulation abstraction and simulation algorithm optimization. Finally, the paper makes a summary and points out the future trends in large scale network simulation area.
Angiographic demonstration and transcatheter embolic control of post-traumatic intercostal arterial hemorrhage. (1977)

A new method for arresting uncontrollable intercostal hemorrhage is presented. It consists of selective transcatheter embolization of the bleeding artery, either by pieces of gel foam or autologous blood clots. In the patient presented in this paper, the hemorrhage was identified and successfully controlled by embolizing the bleeding artery. Thoracotomy was unnecessary, and there were no complications related to the procedure.
Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Poststroke Dysphagia: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials (2015)

Background. Dysphagia after stroke is common, associated independently with poor outcome, and has limited treatment options. Pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) is a novel treatment being evaluated for treatment of poststroke dysphagia. Methods. We searched electronically for randomised controlled trials of PES in dysphagic patients within 3 months of stroke. Individual patient data were analysed using regression, adjusted for trial, age, severity, and baseline score. The coprimary outcomes were radiological aspiration (penetration aspiration score, PAS) and clinical dysphagia (dysphagia severity rating scale, DSRS) at 2 weeks; secondary outcomes included functional outcome, death, and length of stay in hospital. Results. Three completed trials were identified: 73 patients, age 72 (12) years, severity (NIHSS) 11 (6), DSRS 6.7 (4.3), mean PAS 4.3 (1.8). Compared with no/sham stimulation, PES was associated with lower PAS, 3.4 (1.7) versus 4.1 (1.7), mean difference -0.9 (p = 0.020), and lower DSRS, 3.5 (3.8) versus 4.9 (4.4), mean difference -1.7 (p = 0.040). Length of stay in hospital tended to be shorter: 50.2 (25.3) versus 71.2 (60.4) days (p = 0.11). Functional outcome and death did not differ between treatment groups. Conclusions. PES was associated with less radiological aspiration and clinical dysphagia and possibly reduced length of stay in hospital across three small trials.
SOURCES, CHEMINEMENTS ET IMPACTS DES PERTURBATIONS ELECTROMAGNETIQUES DANS LES DISPOSITIFS ELECTRONIQUES DES SYSTEMES DE TRANSPORTS. "ELECTRONIQUE AUTOMOBILE" : INTERFACE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - 2EME PARTIE (1988)

LA RECHERCHE DE SOLUTIONS TECHNOLOGIQUES DESTINEES A REDUIRE LES EFFETS DE LA POLLUTION ELECTROMAGNETIQUE SUR LES EQUIPEMENTS ELECTRONIQUES EMBARQUES A BORD DE VEHICULES NECESSITE L'ANALYSE APPROFONDIE DE CERTAINS PHENOMENES PHYSIQUES. L'ACTION D'UNE PERTURBATION ELECTROMAGNETIQUE SUR UN SYSTEME PEUT ETRE DECRITE COMME LA SUCCESSION DE PLUSIEURS ETAPES, LA GENERATION DE LA PERTURBATION, SON COUPLAGE AVEC LES SYSTEMES, L'ATTENUATION INTRODUITE PAR LES BLINDAGES ET LES CONSEQUENCES SUSCEPTIBLES DE MODIFIER L'ETAT LOGIQUE DES CIRCUITS ELECTRONIQUES. C'EST EN NOUS APPUYANT SUR DES EXEMPLES SIMPLES QUE NOUS TENTERONS D'EXPLIQUER ET D'ILLUSTRER CHACUN DE CES PHENOMENES EN ESSAYANT LE PLUS POSSIBLE D'EN CHIFFRER LES EFFETS ET D'EN TRADUIRE LE COMPORTEMENT EN FONCTION DU SPECTRE DES SOURCES PERTURBATRICES. (VOIR EGALEMENT FICHE GLOBALE NR DIRR 122308).
Method for obtaining more-accurate covalently closed circular plasmid-to-chromosome ratios from bacterial lysates by dye-buoyant density centrifugation (1977)

A method that gives high recovery of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from crude bacterial lysates using ethidium bromide-cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation is presented. After Pronase digestion and shearing of the lysate, essentially 100% recovery of chromosomal DNA and a reproducible recovery of covalently closed circular (CCC) plasmid DNA is obtained for a specific plasmid in a given strain. This method should be useful for comparing the CCC plasmid/chromosome ratio of various plasmid-host combinations.
Epidermal Growth Factor and the Short Bowel Syndrome (1999)

Because epidermal growth factor (EGF) has multiple effects on the intestinal epithelium and endogenous EGF plays an important role in maintaining normal intestinal structure and the response to injury, EGF should be important in the intestinal adaptive response to resection. The accumulated data in the literature support a role for endogenous EGF in the intestinal adaptive response. Endogenous EGF is increased in saliva and diminished in urine after intestinal resection. This suggests increased tissue utilization of endogenous EGF during adaptation. Intestinal EGF receptor activity is increased after resection. Intestinal adaptation is impaired in animals with defective EGF receptors. Thus EGF receptor activity also is important during adaptation. The results of experimental studies suggest that EGF administered at the time of resection enhances the intestinal adaptive response. Both structural and functional adaptation are augmented. The route, dose, and timing of EGF administration are important factors. EGF has additive effects with glutamine and growth hormone on adaptation. Several observations from these reports have relevance to the potential clinical application of EGF therapy: (1) EGF should be given soon after resection; (2) early transient administration may lead to a substantial effect on adaptation; (3) both systemic and enteral therapy may be effective; (4) luminal nutrients are important but not essential in mediating EGF-stimulated adaptation; and (5) combined therapy with other nutrients and growth factors may have merit. In conclusion, endogenous EGF plays an important role in intestinal adaptation. Furthermore, experimental results suggest the potential clinical usefulness of EGF to stimulate intestinal adaptation after massive intestinal resection. There is currently no evidence to support the use of EGF in patients with well-adapted short bowel syndrome.
Brg1 promotes both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic activities at distinct stages of pancreatic cancer formation (2015)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) develops predominantly through pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) precursor lesions. Pancreatic acinar cells are reprogrammed to a "ductal-like" state during PanIN-PDA formation. Here, we demonstrate a parallel mechanism operative in mature duct cells during which functional cells undergo "ductal retrogression" to form IPMN-PDA. We further identify critical antagonistic roles for Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1), a catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complexes, during IPMN-PDA development. In mature duct cells, Brg1 inhibits the dedifferentiation that precedes neoplastic transformation, thus attenuating tumor initiation. In contrast, Brg1 promotes tumorigenesis in full-blown PDA by supporting a mesenchymal-like transcriptional landscape. We further show that JQ1, a drug that is currently being tested in clinical trials for hematological malignancies, impairs PDA tumorigenesis by both mimicking some and inhibiting other Brg1-mediated functions. In summary, our study demonstrates the context-dependent roles of Brg1 and points to potential therapeutic treatment options based on epigenetic regulation in PDA.
Q-parameterization control of vibrations in a variable speed magnetic bearing (2002)

We propose a controller design methodology using the Q-parameterization theory for a variable speed magnetic bearing in order to achieve elimination of unbalance vibrations. Rotor unbalance usually generates sinusoidal disturbance forces, with frequency equal to the rotational speed. So in order to achieve asymptotic rejection of these disturbance forces, the Q-parameterization controller free parameter Q is chosen such that the controller has j/spl omega/ axis poles at the different speeds of rotation. First, we give a mathematical model for the magnetic bearing in state space form. Second, we explain the proposed Q-parameterization controller design methodology. The controller free parameter Q is assumed to be a proper stable transfer function whose order equals twice the number of operating speeds. Third, we showed that the controller free parameter which satisfies the design objectives can be obtained by simply solving a set of linear equations rather than solving a complicated optimization problem. We also showed that the controller order equals: number of degrees of freedom/spl times/(order of Q+3). Finally, several simulations were obtained to evaluate the proposed controller. The results obtained showed the effectiveness of the proposed controller in eliminating the unbalance vibrations at the different speeds.
Fuzzy Control and Simulation of Single Inverted Pendulum (2013)

The single inverted pendulum simulation model with input disturbance is built by using SimMechanics toolbox, at the same time, the simplified fuzzy controller based on single input rule modules(SIRMs) dynamically connected fuzzy inference model is presented, which can achieve equilibrium of the inverted pendulum system. The SIRMs algorithm transform multi-dimension fuzzy control into single-dimension fuzzy control, therefore the number of fuzzy rules is greatly reduced, the curse of dimensionality problem in fuzzy multi-variable control is overcame and pendulum angle control takes priority over cart position control by introducing the dynamic importance degrees. The simulation and real-time control results show that the proposed method can effectively restrain input disturbance, realize stability control of the inverted pendulum system, and has some advantages such as simple structure, good control effects, easy realization and strong robustness.
Homotopy-preserving medial axis simplification (2005)

We present a novel algorithm to compute a simplified medial axis of a polyhedron. Our simplification algorithm tends to remove unstable features of Blum's medial axis. Moreover, our algorithm preserves the topological structure of the original medial axis and ensures that the simplified medial axis has the same homotopy type as Blum's medial axis. We use the separation angle formed by connecting a point on the medial axis to closest points on the boundary as a measure of the stability of the medial axis at the point. The medial axis is decomposed into its parts that are the sheets, seams and junctions. We present a stability measure of each part of the medial axis based on separation angles and examine the relation between the stability measures of adjacent parts. Our simplification algorithm uses iterative pruning of the parts based on efficient local tests. We have applied the algorithm to compute a simplified medial axis of complex models with tens of thousands of triangles and complex topologies.
Ocean and Seabed Acoustics: A Theory of Wave Propagation (1994)

Ocean and seabed accoustics - a physicist's perspective: historical overview the acoustic wave equation the Schrodinger wave equation the electromagnetic wave equation the elastic wave equation problems. Elementary solutions and basic acoustic qualities: the one-dimensional wave equation the three-dimensional wave equation the two-dimensional wave equation velocity potential specific accoustic impedance conditions plane wave reflections from a horizontally stratified medium problems. Plane wave reflection from planar boundaries: boundary conditions plane wave reflection from a horizontally stratified medium reflection from a soda boundary reflection from a hard boundary reflection from a a homogenous fluid half-space reflection from a homogenous fluid layer overlying an arbitrary horizontally stratified medium problems. Acoustic sources and Green's functions: wave equations with source terms properties of the Green s function general solution of the boundary value problem with sources a recipe for solving problems using Green's functions construction of the Green's function - the endpoint method a point source in a homogenous fluid half-space overlying an arbitrary horizontally stratified medium.
Neuropathologic and clinical features of Parkinson's disease in Alzheimer's disease patients (1987)

While dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) is well described, PD features in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being increasingly recognized. In 20 neuropathologically confirmed AD brains, 11 cases (55%) showed PD changes (Lewy body formation, neuronal loss, and gliosis of pigmented nuclei), with no significant difference in age or symptom duration between those cases with and without PD pathology. A history of rigidity in the absence of neuroleptic medication was noted in 80% of those with PD pathology but only 14% of those without PD pathology. Tremor was not observed in either group. This suggests that extrapyramidal signs, especially rigidity, noted in many AD patients are related to coexistent PD pathology.
Hypoxic preconditioning enhances the therapeutic potential of the secretome from cultured human mesenchymal stem cells in experimental traumatic brain injury (2012)

Bone-marrow-derived human MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) support repair when administered to animals with TBI (traumatic brain injury) in large part through secreted trophic factors. We directly tested the ability of the culture medium (or secretome) collected from human MSCs under normoxic or hypoxic conditions to protect neurons in a rat model of TBI. Concentrated conditioned medium from cultured human MSCs or control medium was infused through the tail vein of rats subjected to TBI. We have demonstrated that MSCs cultured in hypoxia were superior to those cultured in normoxia in inducing expression of both HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) in the cultured medium. We showed further that rats treated with the secretome from both normoxic- and hypoxic-preconditioned MSCs performed significantly better than the controls in both motor and cognitive functional test. Subsequent post-mortem evaluation of brain damage at the 4-day time point confirmed that both normoxic- and hypoxic-preconditioned MSC secretome-treated rats had significantly greater numbers of newly forming neurons, but significantly less than the controls in brain damaged volume and apoptosis. The TBI rats treated with hypoxic-preconditioned MSC secretome performed significantly better in both motor and cognitive function tests and neurogenesis, and had significantly less brain damage than the TBI rats treated with the normoxic-preconditioned MSC secretome. Collectively, these findings suggest that MSCs secrete bioactive factors, including HGF and VEGF, that stimulate neurogenesis and improve outcomes of TBI in a rat model. Hypoxic preconditioning enhances the secretion of these bioactive factors from the MSCs and the therapeutic potential of the cultured MSC secretome in experimental TBI.
Renegotiable quality of service-a new scheme for fault tolerance in wireless networks (2002)

In this paper we propose the concept that faults in telecommunications networks often manifest themselves as reductions in service quality, which can be addressed by using the notion of Quality of Service (QoS). In wireless ATM networks, the ability to provide QoS guarantees for high priority traffic in the presence of noise or faults is of utmost importance. Moreover there is a need for renegotiating existing QoS on an established connection, since the characteristics of a wireless link may well change during the lifetime of a connection due to mobile hosts' movements or external interference. In this paper we describe a general QoS strategy as a fault tolerance mechanism, and address the problems associated with providing QoS over a wireless link. We present a QoS scheme with renegotiation capability, define an API (application programming interface) for the access to this scheme and describe our implementation for this QoS API on the SWAN system, a wireless ATM network, and summarize its performance using measurements obtained from a series of experiments based on different fault scenarios.
Construction of bipartite and unipartite weighted networks from collections of journal papers (2005)

This work presents a model that allows the study of research specialties through the manifestations of the specialty's social and epistemological processes in a collection of journal papers. Collections of papers are modeled as coupled bipartite networks interlinking 7 types of entities. Matrix-based link weight functions are introduced to calculate weighted bipartite networks and weighted unipartite co-occurrence networks in the collection of papers. These weight calculation methods, when used in conjunction with unweighted bipartite growth models, produce simple growth models for weighted networks in collections of papers.
Role of transition metal oxides in metal dusting: Density functional study (1998)

Abstract Density function theory was applied to study the mechanisms and energetics of two major metal dusting processes represented by Boudouard and steam‐carbon reactions on the FeO(100) surface. Cluster models were utilized to represent the surface. The chosen cluster model was validated by examining CO adsorption binding energies on clusters of various sizes. We show that the lattice relaxation has a relatively small effect on the adsorption. The reaction process involving direct abstraction of O from the surface by CO was excluded from consideration of the overall dusting processes due to unfavorable energetics. Minimum energy path calculations were carried out to investigate the reaction mechanisms. It was found that both the Boudouard and steam‐carbon reactions are thermochemically and kinetically unfavorable on transition metal oxide surfaces. Detailed insight into the reaction mechanisms was obtained by following the reaction trajectories and analyzing the electron population distribution along the reaction paths. This study elucidates the empirical observation that metal oxide can often minimize metal dusting.