gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Yeast Strains on the Volatile Flavour Compounds of Chinese Rice Wine (2010)

In order to assess the influence of yeast strains on volatile flavour profiles of Chinese rice wine, small-scale Chinese rice wine brewing was carried out with eight yeast strains from three different typical Chinese rice wine brewing regions. The volatile flavour compounds were extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatile flavour profiles of the different Chinese rice wines showed statistically significant differences depending on the yeast strains used. Yeast strains from the Shaoxing region showed a higher capacity to produce the esters 2-phenylethanol and 3-methylthiopropanol, while yeast strains from the Shanghai region stood out for their production of branched-chain higher alcohols. Chinese rice wine fermented with a yeast strain from the Jiangsu region had the highest levels of organic acids. Using principal component analysis of the Chinese rice wine volatile flavour compounds, the eight yeast strains could be classified into three groups according to their origins. This is the first report about the volatile flavour characteristics of Chinese rice wine yeast. The data obtained in this work shows that the yeast strains contributed significantly to the flavour differences of the Chinese rice wines from the different regions.
Flow cytometric two‐color staining technique for simultaneous determination of human erythrocyte membrane antigen and intracellular malarial DNA (1992)

A novel fixative and permeabilization method is described which allows simultaneous flow cytometric detection of red blood cell membrane antigen and intracellular malaria parasites. To illustrate the method, red blood cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria were infected with Plasmodium falciparum and maintained in synchronous red blood cell culture. The infected red blood cells were immunolabeled with antibodies directed to the complement regulatory protein decay-accelerating factor (DAF) followed by subsequent fixations in paraformaldehyde and then glutaraldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline. Finally, DNA of the intraerythrocytic parasites was stained with propidium iodide. Using this technique, cellular morphology was well preserved, no cell aggregation was observed, and high-quality indirect immunofluorescence and parasite DNA staining were obtained with negligible nonspecific labelling. Simultaneous measurement of parasite DNA and red blood cell membrane determinants makes possible the investigation of alterations of red cell membrane proteins in association with development of intracellular malaria parasites.
Organocatalysed Asymmetric β‐Amination and Multicomponent <i>syn</i>‐Selective Diamination of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes (2007)

An easy and affordable route for obtaining chiral beta-aminated- and alpha,beta-diaminated aldehydes, 1,3-aminoalcohols, and related compounds by using organocatalysis is presented. The chiral secondary amine (S)-2-[bis(3,5-bistrifluoromethylphenyl)trimethylsilanyloxymethyl]pyrrolidine is used as the catalyst to activate alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, which allows succinimide to add in a 1,4-regio- and stereoselective fashion thereby forming N-protected 1,3-aminoaldehydes in good yields and enantioselectivities. This is followed by two easy transformations giving rise to optically active 1,3-aminoalcohols, a common motif in many biologically active compounds, for example, fibrinogen receptor antagonists. Furthermore, optically active alpha,beta-syn-diaminated aldehydes were obtained by the addition of diethyl azodicarboxylate in a one-pot reaction.
Synthesis of 4-aminopyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinolines (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 4-aminopyrimido[4',5':4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinolinesT. Tilak Raj and Sarvottam Y. AmbekarCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1988, 33, 4, 530–531Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/je00054a040Request reuse permissionsArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (216 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative determination of valproic acid and 14 metabolities in serum and urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1992)

A method for the determination of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid and 14 of its metabolites in serum and urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring of the trimethylsilylated derivatives has been developed. Sample preparation, including hydrolysis of VPA-conjugates and removal of urea in urine is carried out at pH 5.0 and is rapid and simple. The samples are extracted with ethyl acetate and the concentrated extracts are trimethylsilylated. Analysis with adequate separation of metabolites is achieved with a DB 1701 fused silica (Megabore) capillary column. The method exhibits high recovery and reproducibility and is sufficiently sensitive and selective for analysis of small sample volumes. Application of the method for screening patient serum and urine samples for unusual metabolite patterns, with possible predictive value for early detection of liver injury, is presented.
Intracellular interferon-γ in circulating and marrow T cells detected by flow cytometry and the response to immunosuppressive therapy in patients with aplastic anemia (2002)

Immunosuppressive therapy leads to meaningful hematologic improvement in most patients with aplastic anemia (AA). Failure to respond and a later relapse could be due to deficient numbers of hematopoietic stem cells, inadequate treatment of the immune process, or a nonimmunologic etiology. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of hematopoietic failure in AA. On the basis of previous findings showing overexpression of IFN-gamma in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) in this disease, we hypothesized that quantitation of IFN-gamma might be applied to predict and monitor responses to immunosuppressive therapy. We measured expression of IFN-gamma in lymphocytes obtained from 123 AA patients, using intracellular 2-color fluorescent staining and flow cytometry. Of 70 patients with severe AA, 36 (51%) demonstrated increased IFN-gamma in circulating T cells. IFN-gamma was detected in only 4 of 53 patients who had recovered from AA. IFN-gamma was not found in PB lymphocytes of patients with other hematologic diseases and heavy transfusion burdens or in healthy volunteers. Among 62 AA patients who were assessed before first treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, 27 of 28 (96%) with circulating IFN-gamma-containing T cells subsequently responded to therapy; in contrast, only 11 of 34 (32%) patients whose PB lacked IFN-gamma lymphocytes improved to transfusion independence. IFN-gamma-containing lymphocytes declined following treatment in all cases. Of 17 patients assessed during relapse, IFN-gamma was present in T cells prior to the blood count decline in 13, and 12 responded to reinstitution of immunosuppressive drugs. Of 30 BMs tested prior to first treatment, 20, all in responding patients, were positive for IFN-gamma, whereas the negative tests were obtained in 10 nonresponding patients. IFN-gamma is increased in the PB lymphocytes of many patients with AA, and these cells decline with therapy. The presence of intracellular IFN-gamma may predict response to immunosuppressive treatment and also the onset of relapse.
A gp41 MPER-specific Llama VHH Requires a Hydrophobic CDR3 for Neutralization but not for Antigen Recognition (2013)

The membrane proximal external region (MPER) of the HIV-1 glycoprotein gp41 is targeted by the broadly neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10. To date, no immunization regimen in animals or humans has produced HIV-1 neutralizing MPER-specific antibodies. We immunized llamas with gp41-MPER proteoliposomes and selected a MPER-specific single chain antibody (VHH), 2H10, whose epitope overlaps with that of mAb 2F5. Bi-2H10, a bivalent form of 2H10, which displayed an approximately 20-fold increased affinity compared to the monovalent 2H10, neutralized various sensitive and resistant HIV-1 strains, as well as SHIV strains in TZM-bl cells. X-ray and NMR analyses combined with mutagenesis and modeling revealed that 2H10 recognizes its gp41 epitope in a helical conformation. Notably, tryptophan 100 at the tip of the long CDR3 is not required for gp41 interaction but essential for neutralization. Thus bi-2H10 is an anti-MPER antibody generated by immunization that requires hydrophobic CDR3 determinants in addition to epitope recognition for neutralization similar to the mode of neutralization employed by mAbs 2F5 and 4E10.
The Effect of Atmospheric Aerosols on Scattered Sunlight (1971)

Theoretical computations of the intensity and polarization of diffusively transmitted sunlight are presented for two wavelengths, λ = 4290 Å and λ = 5000 Å. The computations are for atmospheres containing various distributions of aerosols, as well as normal molecular constituents, and allow for all significant orders of scattering. The theoretical computations are compared with observations, and it is shown that inclusion of aerosols in the theoretical models results in considerably better agreement between observation and theory than can be achieved by assuming a pure molecular atmosphere for the theoretical computations.
Association of <i>Matrix Metalloproteinase-8</i> Gene Variation with Breast Cancer Prognosis (2007)

Animal and cell studies indicate an inhibitory effect of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP8) on tumorigenesis and metastasis. We investigated whether MMP8 gene variation was associated with breast cancer metastasis and prognosis in humans. We first studied nine tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the MMP8 gene in 140 clinically and pathologically well-characterized breast cancer patients. Four of the SNPs were found to be associated with lymph node metastasis, the most pronounced being a promoter SNP (rs11225395) with its minor allele (T) associating with reduced susceptibility to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.02). This SNP was further evaluated for association with cancer relapse and survival among a cohort of approximately 1,100 breast cancer patients who had been followed for cancer recurrence and mortality for a median of 7.1 years. The T allele was associated with reduced cancer relapse and greater survival, particularly among patients with earlier stage cancer. Among patients of tumor-node-metastasis stage 0 to II, the adjusted hazard ratio of disease-free survival was 0.7 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.5-0.9] for patients carrying T allele compared with those homozygous for the C allele (P = 0.02). In vitro experiments showed that the T allele had higher promoter activity than the C allele in breast cancer cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed binding of nuclear proteins to the DNA sequence at the SNP site of the T allele but not that of the C allele. The data suggest that MMP8 gene variation may influence breast cancer prognosis and support the notion that MMP8 has an inhibitory effect on cancer metastasis.
Influence of Pamoic Acid as a Complexing Agent in the Thermal Preparation of NiO Nanoparticles: Application to Electrochemical Water Oxidation (2018)

Abstract We developed a thermal decomposition method for preparing NiO nanoparticles (NiONPs) using disodium salt of pamoic acid (Na 2 PA) as a complexing agent and Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅6H 2 O as a nickel precursor. Prior to thermal decomposition, Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅6H 2 O was mixed with Na 2 PA in ethanol, and the ethanol was evaporated succesively. The dried reaction mass was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Thermal decomposition was then performed in air to obtain the NiONPs. The role of Na 2 PA in the synthesis of NiONP was evaluated by preparing NiONPs according to the protocol described above without the addition of Na 2 PA. The X‐ray diffraction data indicated that crystalline NiO (bunsenite, cubic crystal system) formed with or without Na 2 PA; however, field emission scanning electron microscopy images showed that smaller monodisperse NiONPs formed only with the addition of Na 2 PA. Without Na 2 PA, the obtained NPs were quite large and polydisperse. The sizes of the NiONPs prepared in the presence of Na 2 PA were determined using transmission electron microscopy imaging to be 19.1 ± 3.2 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of the NiONPs toward water oxidation under alkaline conditions was evaluated by immobilizing the NPs onto an in‐house prepared filter paper derived carbon electrode, and compared.
An approach to engineer and enforce context constraints in an RBAC environment (2003)

This paper presents an approach that uses special purpose RBAC constraints to base certain access control decisions on context information. In our approach a context constraint is defined as a dynamic RBAC constraint that checks the actual values of one or more contextual attributes for predefined conditions. If these conditions are satisfied, the corresponding access request can be permitted. Accordingly, a conditional permission is an RBAC permission which is constrained by one or more context constraints. We present an engineering process for context constraints, that is based on goal-oriented requirements engineering techniques, and describe how we extended the design and implementation of an existing RBAC service to enable the enforcement of context constraints. With our approach we aim to preserve the advantages of RBAC, and offer an additional means for the definition and enforcement of fine-grained context-dependent access control policies.
Emstar: A Software Environment for Developing and Deploying Heterogeneous Sensor Actuator Networks (2007)

Recent work in wireless embedded networked systems has followed heterogeneous designs, incorporating a mixture of elements from extremely constrained 8- or 16-bit “Motes” to less resource- constrained 32-bit embedded “Microservers”.Emstar is a software environment for developing and deploying complex applications on such heterogeneous networks. Emstar is designed to leverage the additional resources of Microservers by trading-off some performance for system robustness in sensor network applications. It enables fault isolation, fault tolerance, system visiblity, in-field debugging, and resource sharing across multiple applications.In order to accomplish these objectives, Emstar is designed to run as a multi-process system and consists of libraries that implement message-passing IPC primitives, services that support networking, sensing, and time synchronization, and tools that support simulation, emulation, and visualization of live systems, both real and simulated. We evaluate this work by discussing the Acoustic ENSBox, a platform for distributed acoustic sensing that we built using Emstar. We show that by leveraging existing Emstar services, we are able to significantly reduce development time while achieving a high degree of robustness. We also show that a sample application was developed much more quickly on this platform than it would have been otherwise.
Anti-interleukin-12 and anti-interleukin-23 agents in Crohn’s disease (2018)

Data from literature have demonstrated that ustekinumab holds the potential to deserve a relevant role in the management of patients with CD thanks to several properties, including the fast onset of action, the long duration of efficacy, the favorable safety profile, the systemic anti-inflammatory effect, and the peculiar way of administration. Nonetheless, additional research is warranted to determine the real value of ustekinumab, as current data are not able to answer all the questions about its effectiveness in real-life practice, and the external validity of the available results is not absolute.
Relationship between neurometabolite derangement and neurocognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus. (1999)

Brain function is closely correlated with brain injury assessed noninvasively by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This important finding further supports the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate brain injury in SLE.
Altered Thermal Selection Behavior in Mice Lacking Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (2005)

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a cation channel responsive to hypotonicity, can also be activated by warm temperatures. Moreover, TRPV4-/- mice reportedly exhibit deficits in inflammation-induced thermal hyperalgesia. However, it is unknown whether TRPV4 or related transient receptor potential channels account for warmth perception under injury-free conditions. We therefore investigated the contribution of TRPV4 to thermosensation and thermoregulation in vivo. On a thermal gradient, TRPV4-/- mice selected warmer floor temperatures than wild-type littermates. In addition, whereas wild-type mice failed to discriminate between floor temperatures of 30 and 34 degrees C, TRPV4-/- mice exhibited a strong preference for 34 degrees C. TRPV4-/- mice also exhibited prolonged withdrawal latencies during acute tail heating. TRPV4-/- and wild-type mice exhibited similar changes in behavior on a thermal gradient after paw inflammation. Circadian body temperature fluctuations and thermoregulation in a warm environment were also indistinguishable between genotypes. These results demonstrate that TRPV4 is required for normal thermal responsiveness in vivo.
On layer-wise representations in deep neural networks (2013)

Es ist bekannt, dass tiefe neuronale Netze eine effiziente interne Repräsentation des Lernproblems bilden. Es ist jedoch unklar, wie sich diese effiziente Repräsentation über die Schichten verteilt und wie sie beim Lernen entsteht. In dieser Arbeit entwickeln wir eine Kernel-basierte Analyse für tiefe Netze. Diese Analyse quantifiziert die Repräsentation in jeder Schicht in Bezug auf Rauschen und Dimensionalität. Wir wenden die Analyse auf Backpropagation-Netze und tiefe Boltzmann-Maschinen an und messen die schichtweise Reduzierung von Rauschen und Dimensionalität. Die Analyse zeigt auch den störenden Einfluss des Lernrauschens: Dieses verhindert die Entstehung komplexer Strukturen in tiefen Modellen.
Optimization of Nano- and Microiron Transport through Sand Columns Using Polyelectrolyte Mixtures (2007)

Sand-packed columns were used to study the transport of micro- and nanoiron particle suspensions modified with anionic polyelectrolytes. With microscale carbonyl iron powder (CIP), the profiles of initial and eluted particle diameters were compared with simulations based on classical filtration theory (CFT), using both the Tufenkji-Elimelech (TE) and Rajagopalan-Tien (RT) models. With particle size distributions that peaked in the submicron range, there was reasonable agreement between both models and the eluted distributions. With distributions that peaked in the 1.5 mirom range, however, the eluted distributions were narrower and shifted to a smaller particle size than predicted by CFT. Apparent sticking coefficients depended on column length and flow rate, and the profile of retained iron in the columns did not follow the log-linearform expected from CFT. These observations could be rationalized in terms of the secondary energy minimum model recently proposed by Tufenkji and Elimelech (Langmuir 2005, 21, 841). For microiron, sticking coefficients correlated well with particle zeta potentials and polyacrylate (PAA) concentration. With nanoscale iron particles, there was no apparent correlation between filtration length and total electrolyte concentration. However, mixtures of PAA with poly (4-styrenesulfonate) and bentonite clay significantly enhanced nanoiron transport, possibly by affecting the aggregation of the particles.
Electrically-driven modulation of surface-grafted RGD peptides for manipulation of cell adhesion (2014)

Reported herein is a switchable surface that relies on electrically-induced conformational changes within surface-grafted arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) oligopeptides as the means of modulating cell adhesion.
Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. (1994)

Changes in neuroimmune parameters and cytokine production have been reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease, including increased levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and histamine in brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Specific neuroimmune reactions may be responsible in part for astrogliosis and neuronal death in particular circumstances. Since IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) tend to act synergistically in physiological conditions and in some pathological processes, we have studied the concentration of TNF-alpha in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or multi-infarct dementia (MID) and in age-matched control subjects (CS) in order to evaluate possible changes in the levels of this cytokine with potential influence on the pathogenesis of AD. Serum TNF-alpha levels were significantly lower in AD (2.5 +/- 1.25 pg/ml, p < 0.01) and MID (1.64 +/- 1.17 pg/ml, p < 0.001) than in CS (10.66 +/- 8.92 pg/ml). A negative correlation between serum TNF-alpha levels and age in AD was found (r = -0.645, p < 0.01); however, no significant correlations were detected between serum TNF-alpha levels and mental performance, cerebrovascular risk, heart rate and blood pressure in either AD or MID. In conclusion, there is a marked reduction in the concentration of serum TNF-alpha in both AD and MID which seems to be poorly related to cognitive dysfunction and/or neurovascular damage, probably reflecting an endogenous immune dysregulation and/or an inhibitory reactive process in demented patients.