gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Procalcitonin: a new parameter for the diagnosis of bacterial infection in the peri-operative period (1998)

Procalcitonin, a new innovative inflammation parameter is presently being evaluated in clinical studies. It has been shown to be increased markedly in patients with severe bacteria induced inflammation, septic shock, endotoxinaemia and multiple organ failure. In contrast, severe viral infections or inflammatory reactions of non-infectious origin as well as auto-immune or allergic disorders do not or only very moderately increase procalcitonin serum levels. Because procalcitonin is observed at significantly higher concentrations in bacterial infections, it might assist differentiation between these infections and other aetiologies of critical illnesses. Furthermore, procalcitonin correlates with the severity of infection and sepsis and thus could serve as a useful marker for monitoring surgical high risk patients. Procalcitonin may serve as a valid and sensitive indicator for bacterial infection with important diagnostic potential in the peri-operative period and in intensive care medicine.
How delta-sigma ADCs work, Part 1 (2011)

Analog techniques have dominated signal processing for years, but digital techniques are slowly encroaching into this domain. The design of delta-sigma (DS) analog-todigital converters (ADCs) is approximately three-quarters digital and one-quarter analog. DS ADCs are now ideal for converting analog signals over a wide range of frequencies, from DC to several megahertz. Basically, these converters consist of an oversampling modulator followed by a digital/ decimation filter that together produce a high-resolution data-stream output. This two-part article will look closely at the DS ADC’s core. Part 1 will explore the basic topology and func tion of the DS modulator, and Part 2 will explore the basic topology and function of the digital/decimation filter module. DS converters: An overview The rudimentary DS converter is a 1-bit sampling system. An analog signal applied to the input of the converter needs to be relatively slow so the converter can sample it multiple times, a technique known as oversampling. The sampling rate is hundreds of times faster than the digital results at the output ports. Each individual sample is accumulated over time and “averaged” with the other input-signal samples through the digital/decimation filter. The DS converter’s primary internal cells are the DS modu lator and the digital/decimation filter. The internal DS modulator shown in Figure 1 coarsely samples the input signal at a very high rate into a 1-bit stream. The digital/decimation filter then takes this sampled data and converts it into a high-resolution, slower digital code. While most converters have one sample rate, the DS converter has two—the input sampling rate (fS) and the output data rate (fD).
Rab2 promotes autophagic and endocytic lysosomal degradation (2017)

Rab7 promotes fusion of autophagosomes and late endosomes with lysosomes in yeast and metazoan cells, acting together with its effector, the tethering complex HOPS. Here we show that another small GTPase, Rab2, is also required for autophagosome and endosome maturation and proper lysosome function in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> We demonstrate that Rab2 binds to HOPS, and that its active, GTP-locked form associates with autolysosomes. Importantly, expression of active Rab2 promotes autolysosomal fusions unlike that of GTP-locked Rab7, suggesting that its amount is normally rate limiting. We also demonstrate that RAB2A is required for autophagosome clearance in human breast cancer cells. In conclusion, we identify Rab2 as a key factor for autophagic and endocytic cargo delivery to and degradation in lysosomes.
Regulation of Assimilatory Sulfate Reduction by Cadmium in <i>Zea mays</i> L. (1988)

Plants cultivated with Cd can produce large amounts of phytochelatins. Since these compounds contain much cysteine, these plants should have an increased rate of assimilatory sulfate reduction, the biosynthetic pathway leading to cysteine. To test this prediction, the effect of Cd on growth, sulfate assimilation in vivo and extractable activity of two enzymes of sulfate reduction, ATP-sulfurylase (EC 2.7.7.4) and adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase were measured in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. For comparison, nitrate reductase activity was determined. In 9-day-old cultures, the increase in fresh and dry weight was significantly inhibited by 50 micromolar and more Cd in the roots and by 100 and 200 micromolar in the shoots. Seedlings cultivated with 50 micromolar Cd for 5 days incorporated more label from (35)SO(4) (2-) into higher molecular weight compounds than did controls, indicating that the predicted increase in the rate of assimilatory sulfate reduction took place. Consistent with this finding, an increased level of the extractable activity of both ATP-sulfurylase and adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase was measured in the roots of these plants at 50 micromolar Cd and at higher concentrations. This effect was reversible after removal of Cd from the nutrient solution. In the leaves, a significant positive effect of Cd was detected at 5 micromolar for ATP-sulfurylase and at 5 and 20 micromolar for adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase. At higher Cd concentrations, both enzyme activities were at levels below the control. Nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.1) activity decreased at 50 micromolar or more Cd in the roots and was similarly affected as ATP-sulfurylase activity in the primary leaves.
42.3: Low‐power and High‐integration Driver IC for Small‐sized TFT‐LCDs (2003)

Abstract In this paper, we will discuss a low‐power and high‐integration driver IC for small‐sized TFT‐LCDs, which is applied to mobile phones. By studying a driving scheme to minimize power consumption, an output circuit for 262k colors, and chip arrangement according to the resolution, we have developed a driver IC that achieves an excellent balance between cost and performance.
L'Autriche, l'Allemagne et le catholicisme (1937)

Winter Ernst Karl. L'Autriche, l'Allemagne et le catholicisme. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 1937 - 2ᵉannée. pp. 117-123.
Intercellular growth factor signaling and the development of mouse tracheal submucosal glands (2005)

To provide a genetic framework for investigating changes in airway submucosal gland function in human respiratory disease, we have investigated their counterparts in normal and mutant mice. We describe their morphogenesis in relation to the expression of genes encoding conserved intercellular signaling pathways. Submucosal glands are severely reduced in number and size in mice heterozygous for Fgf10. Glands are completely absent in mice lacking Ectodysplasin (Eda) and Edaradd (Eda receptor adaptor protein), members of the tumor necrosis (TNF) superfamily of signaling factors. Furthermore, components of the Eda and closely related pathways are transcribed throughout the respiratory system in the adult mouse. Finally, the temporal and spatial pattern of Bmp4 expression suggests that it may control submucosal gland development and homeostasis. Taken together, our observations have important implications for the better understanding of the submucosal gland remodeling that occurs in human respiratory disease.
Normal chemotactic activity of granulocytes obtained by filtration leucapheresis. (1977)

The chemotactic activity of granulocytes obtained by the Terumo Filtration Leucapheresis System (F.L.) was examined by the method of Boyden's chamber. The number of cells migrating through the Millipore filter was expressed as the chemotactic activity. The mean values were 117 for the F.L. and 122 in a control, in which cells were collected from the same donor blood using dextran sedimentation. The results suggested that the in vitro chemotactic function of granulocytes obtained by F.L. was within normal limits.
Microencapsulation using poly(l-lactic Acid) iv: Release properties of microcapsules containing phenobarbitone (1990)

Microcapsules containing phenobarbitone were prepared from poly(L-lactic acid), using a water/oil emulsification and evaporation process. Polymers of three different molecular weights were used. Particle size was found to increase with an increase in core loading and polymer molecular weight. Release studies were carried out at buffer pHs of 2 and 9 at 37 degrees C. The release mechanism was found to follow a square root of time relationship. Almost 90 per cent of the phenobarbitone was released within 2 h. The release rate was not a direct relationship with the phenobarbitone content of the microcapsules because of the differing size and surface area of the microcapsules. However, normalized release rates (release rate/specific surface area) were found to increase linearly with the increase in phenobarbitone content. First order release plots of the data were not found consistent with the core loading. The release at a buffer pH of 9 was very rapid and with some microcapsules was faster than solution of the uncoated crystalline phenobarbitone. At pH 2 release was also very rapid, due to the presence of large pores in the microcapsules of high molecular weight polymers. Release from the microcapsules prepared from low molecular weight polymer was slower than those from high molecular weight polymers. Microcapsules from the low molecular weight polymer were found to swell in the dissolution medium and finally disintegrated into smaller fragments.
Oracle AutoML (2020)

Machine learning (ML) is at the forefront of the rising popularity of data-driven software applications. The resulting rapid proliferation of ML technology, explosive data growth, and shortage of data science expertise have caused the industry to face increasingly challenging demands to keep up with fast-paced develop-and-deploy model lifecycles. Recent academic and industrial research efforts have started to address this problem through automated machine learning (AutoML) pipelines and have focused on model performance as the first-order design objective. We present Oracle AutoML, a novel iteration-free AutoML pipeline designed to not only provide accurate models, but also in a shorter runtime. We are able to achieve these objectives by eliminating the need to continuously iterate over various pipeline configurations. In our feed-forward approach, each pipeline stage makes decisions based on metalearned proxy models that can predict candidate pipeline configuration performances before building the full final model. Our approach, which builds and tunes only the best candidate pipeline, achieves better scores at a fraction of the time compared to state-of-the-art open source AutoML tools, such as H2O and Auto-sklearn. This makes Oracle AutoML a prime candidate for addressing current industry challenges.
Hydraulic studies of aortic cannulation return nozzles. (1975)

An in vitro investigation of 8 different types of clinical aortic return nozzles was conducted. The importance of cannula geometry, tip location and direction was demonstrated in preventing abnormal flow conditions in the major aortic arch arteries. Alternative methods to correct these abnormalities were studied. This report has presented a preliminary study of the flow conditions produced by aortic cannulae during cardiopulmonary bypass. More detailed analysis of the pressure field as well as in vivo studies of the effects of a non-rigid geometry of the flow behavior are needed to confirm the findings of this investigation.
Stereospecific <i>trans</i> Photoaddition of Elementary Iodine to Aliphatic Olefins. Bridged Iodoalkyl Radicals (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific trans Photoaddition of Elementary Iodine to Aliphatic Olefins. Bridged Iodoalkyl RadicalsP. S. Skell and R. R. PavlisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 14, 2956Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01068a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01068a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views148Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Not so Cool? Menthol’s discovered actions on the nicotinic receptor and its implications for nicotine addiction (2013)

Nicotine cigarette smoke is a large public health burden worldwide, contributing to various types of disease. Anti-tobacco media campaigns and control programs have significantly reduced smoking in the United States, yet trends for menthol cigarette smoking have not been as promising. Menthol cigarette smoking is particularly prevalent among young adults and African Americans, with implications for long-term impacts on health care. Continuing high rates of menthol cigarette addiction call into question the role of menthol in nicotine addiction. To date, a biological basis for the high rate of addiction and relapse among menthol cigarette smokers has not been defined. Studies have demonstrated a role for menthol in the metabolism of nicotine in the body. More recent findings now reveal an interaction between menthol and the nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptor in cells. This receptor is central to the actions of nicotine in the brain, and plays an important role in nicotine addiction. The newly discovered effect of menthol on nACh receptors may begin to explain the unique addictive properties of menthol cigarettes.
Automatic Creation of an Autonomous Agent: Genetic Evolution of a Neural Network Driven Robot (1994)

The paper describes the results of the evolutionary development of a real, neural-network driven mobile robot.The evolutionary approach t o t h e development of neural controllers for autonomous agents has been successfully used by m a n y researchers, but most -if not all-studies have been carried out with computer simulations.Instead, in this research the whole evolutionary process takes places entirely on a real robot without human intervention.Although the experiments described here tackle a simple task of navigation and obstacle avoidance, we s h o w a n umber of emergent phenomena that are characteristic of autonomous agents.The neural controllers of the evolved best individuals display a full exploitation of non-linear and recurrent connections that make them more e cient than analogous man-designed agents.In order to fully understand and describe the robot behavior, we h a ve also employed quantitative ethological tools 13], and showed that the adaptation dynamics conform to predictions made for animals.
The chemistry of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone complexes of ruthenium and rhodium: the X-ray crystal structure of [Ru{η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>Ph<sub>4</sub>OC(O)CH(OMe)Ph}(CO)<sub>2</sub>Cl] (1987)

[Ru(η4-C5Ph4O)(CO)3](1) and [{Rh(η4-C5Ph4O)Cl}2](2) react with L-(–)-α-methylbenzylamine to give the tetraphenylcyclopentadienone complexes [Ru(η4-C5Ph4O)(CO)2{NH2CH(Me)Ph}] and [Rh(η4-C5Ph4O)Cl{NH2CH(Me)Ph}] respectively; trimethylamine N-oxide also reacts with complex (1) to give the amine adduct [Ru(η4-C5Ph4O)(CO)2(NMe3)](5). Complexes (2) and (5) oxidatively add HX to give the corresponding hydroxytetraphenylcyclopentadienyl complexes [{M(η5-C5Ph4OH)(L)X}n][M = Ru, L =(CO)2, X = Cl, OC(O)CF3, or OC(O)Me, n= 1; M = Rh, X = L = Cl, n= 2]; all these compounds readily reductively eliminate HX, the ease of this reaction increasing in the order of X and M listed. Methyl iodide also oxidatively adds to (5) to give the stable complex [Ru(η5-C5Ph4OMe)(CO)2I]. The acyl chlorides RC(O)Cl similarly oxidatively add to complexes (1) and (2) to give the corresponding ester complexes [M{η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R}(L)Cl}n][M = Ru, L =(CO)2, n= 1, R = Me; M = Rh, L = Cl, n= 2, R = Me or (–)CH(OMe)Ph]; the complex [Ru(η5-C5Ph4OH)(CO)2Cl] also reacts with RC(O)Cl to give [Ru{η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R}(CO)2Cl][R = Me or (–)CH(OMe)Ph (14)]. The X-ray structure of (14) is reported; the crystals are orthorhombic, space group p212121(no. 19) with a= 24.58(3), b= 14.518(13), c= 9.299(4)Å, and Z= 4. The structure was solved via the heavy-atom method and refined to R= 0.0541 using 1 425 independent reflections. Carbonylation of [{Rh(η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R*)Cl2}2] in the presence of zinc gives [Rh{η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R*}(CO)2] and complex (14) undergoes carbonyl substitution with triphenylphosphine to give the two diastereoisomers of [Ru{η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R*}(CO)(PPh3)Cl][R*=(–)CH(OMe)Ph]. The use of [Rh{η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R*}(CO)2] and [{Rh(η5-C5Ph4OC(O)R*}Cl2}2][R*=(–)CH(OMe)Ph] as asymmetric hydroformylation and hydrogenation catalysts respectively is briefly discussed. I.r., 1H, 13C, and 31P n.m.r. spectroscopic data are presented.
Hierarchical Life Prediction Model for Actively Cooled LED-Based Luminaire (2010)

The lifetime of an actively-cooled light emitting diode (LED)-based luminaire is dependent not only on the junction temperature of LEDs, but also on the reliability of active cooling devices. We propose a novel hierarchical model to assess the lifetime of an actively cooled LED-based luminaire that can provide light output equivalent to a 100 W incandescent lamp. After design considerations for LED-based luminaires with active cooling are discussed, the proposed model is described using component-level sub-physics-of-failure models. The model is implemented to predict the lifetime of a LED-based recessed downlight with synthetic jet cooling. The effects of the time-dependent performance degradation mechanisms of the active cooling device on the lifetime of the luminaire are also discussed.
Consensus Revisited (1993)

Journal Article Consensus Revisited Get access The Churchill Coalition and Wartime Politics 1940–1945. By Kevin Jefferys. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991. 242 pp. ISBN 0-7190-2559-1. £29.95 PAUL ADDISON PAUL ADDISON University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Twentieth Century British History, Volume 4, Issue 1, 1993, Pages 91–94, https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/4.1.91 Published: 01 January 1993
Comparison of Infrastructure and In-Vehicle Driver Interfaces for Left-Turn Warnings (2008)

To examine the feasibility of driver–infrastructure interface (DII) and driver–vehicle interface (DVI) in the context of a left-turn assistance system, 20 test participants drove through a test-track intersection with oncoming traffic. Participants decided, both with and without the aid of a real-time warning, whether there was enough time to turn in front of oncoming traffic. This study examined both the effects of warning location (DII versus DVI) and the timeliness of the warning onset, while controlling for vehicle arrivals to the intersection as measured by an algorithm that predicted the spare time (trailing buffer) if the participant decided to turn in front of an oncoming vehicle. Lag (gap) acceptance increased as the predicted trailing buffer increased, with almost all lags with a predicted spare time greater than 1 s accepted and almost all lags with a predicted spare time fewer than −1.5 s rejected. The presence of warnings in either location resulted in a reduction in the turning rate, but there were no differences between warning locations. Most drivers preferred the DII in this instance, but based on participants’ feedback, a visual-only DVI located more central to the driver's focus of attention may also be acceptable. In regard to warning onset, information provided as decision support, rather than a preemptive or reactive warning, will likely need to be provided about 3.5 to 4.5 s before a driver reaches the intersection, to be integrated into the driver's decision process.
Current-driven domain wall motion along high perpendicular anisotropy multilayers: The role of the Rashba field, the spin Hall effect, and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (2013)

The current-induced domain wall motion along a thin cobalt ferromagnetic strip sandwiched in a multilayer (Pt/Co/AlO) is theoretically studied with emphasis on the roles of the Rashba field, the spin Hall effect, and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The results point out that these ingredients, originated from the spin-orbit coupling, are consistent with recent experimental observations in three different scenarios. With the aim of clarifying which is the most plausible the influence of in-plane longitudinal and transversal fields is evaluated.
Cerebellar modulation of frontal cortex dopamine efflux in mice: Relevance to autism and schizophrenia (2008)

Cerebellar and frontal cortical pathologies have been commonly reported in schizophrenia, autism, and other developmental disorders. Whether there is a relationship between prefrontal and cerebellar pathologies is unknown. Using fixed potential amperometry, dopamine (DA) efflux evoked by cerebellar or, dentate nucleus electrical stimulation (50 Hz, 200 muA) was recorded in prefrontal cortex of urethane anesthetized lurcher (Lc/+) mice with 100% loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and wildtype (+/+) control mice. Cerebellar stimulation with 25 and 100 pulses evoked prefrontal cortex DA efflux in +/+ mice that persisted for 12 and 25 s poststimulation, respectively. In contrast, 25 pulse cerebellar stimulation failed to evoke prefrontal cortex DA efflux in Lc/+ mice indicating a dependency on cerebellar Purkinje cell outputs. Dentate nucleus stimulation (25 pulses) evoked a comparable but briefer (baseline recovery within 7 s) increase in prefrontal cortex DA efflux compared to similar cerebellar stimulation in +/+ mice. However, in Lc/+ mice 25 pulse dentate nucleus evoked prefrontal cortex DA efflux was attenuated by 60% with baseline recovery within 4 s suggesting that dentate nucleus outputs to prefrontal cortex remain partially functional. DA reuptake blockade enhanced 100 pulse stimulation evoked prefrontal cortex responses, while serotonin or norepinephrine reuptake blockade were without effect indicating the specificity of the amperometric recordings to DA. Results provide neurochemical evidence that the cerebellum can modulate DA efflux in the prefrontal cortex. Together, these findings may explain why cerebellar and frontal cortical pathologies co-occur, and may provide a mechanism that accounts for the diversity of symptoms common to multiple developmental disorders.
A New Indoor Positioning System Architecture Using GPS Signals (2015)

The pseudolite system is a good alternative for indoor positioning systems due to its large coverage area and accurate positioning solution. However, for common Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, the pseudolite system requires some modifications of the user terminals. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a new pseudolite-based indoor positioning system architecture. The main idea is to receive real-world GPS signals, repeat each satellite signal and transmit those using indoor transmitting antennas. The transmitted GPS-like signal can be processed (signal acquisition and tracking, navigation data decoding) by the general receiver and thus no hardware-level modification on the receiver is required. In addition, all Tx can be synchronized with each other since one single clock is used in Rx/Tx. The proposed system is simulated using a software GPS receiver. The simulation results show the indoor positioning system is able to provide high accurate horizontal positioning in both static and dynamic situations.