gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
I/O Scheduling by Using Multi-network Interfaces of Virtualization System (2011)

With the development of virtualization technology, it can run more and more guest domains on one single physical machine. So the network I/O demand is also rapidly increasing, for these guest domains can supply more and more services or run more and more applications. This will lead to serious contention on network I/O of physical machine. Although we can use high performance NICs (network interface cards) to improve network I/O performance, one single NIC cannot get further performance improvement which depends on hardware technology. Linux bonding can achieve high bandwidth network by using multiple NICs, but it does not guarantee QoS among guest domains. Also it would terminate one guest domain's communication because of its response mechanism of ARP. Therefore, we present an approach named Virtual Bonding to achieve high bandwidth network by using multi-NICs. It aggregates multi-NICs to provide high bandwidth and high-quality network services. It also introduces load balancing mechanism between multi-NICs. So it can make full use of every NIC. Furthermore, it makes perfect support to virtualization environment.
FTIR Analysis for Quantification of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Biodiesel Produced by Microwave-Assisted Transesterification (2015)

Biodiesel was produced by microwave-assisted transesterification of soybean oil with methanol as esterifying agent and sodium methoxide as catalyst. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed as a fast and reliable analytical technique for the quantification of fatty acid methyl ester content in the produced biodiesel. The quantification was done with the use of a partial least squares model developed based on the infrared spectra obtained. It was shown that microwave irradiation is capable of reducing the reaction time when compared to conventional mechanically stirred reactors used for biodiesel production. In addition, quantification of fatty acid methyl ester content in biodiesel by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled to multivariate statistics was demonstrated feasible.
A High Resolution Optical Satellite Image Dataset for Ship Recognition and Some New Baselines (2017)

Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 Zhongguancun East Road, 100190, Beijing, China
Time-lapse seismic monitoring of individual hydraulic frac stages using a downhole DAS array (2018)

Abstract A fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing system (DAS) was recently installed in an Apache-operated horizontal shale well and used to acquire downhole seismic data before, during, and after the well was treated in order to better understand the time-lapse seismic response to hydraulically stimulated fractures. In addition to a 3D/4D DAS vertical seismic profiling survey acquired before and after the well was treated, data were recorded from two fixed shot locations approximately 1 mile off each end of the lateral part of the well. These shots were repeated after each of the 78 frac stages used to treat the well in an attempt to achieve more continuous seismic monitoring of the hydraulic-stimulation process. Despite the noisy environment associated with ongoing frac operations, these data proved to be valuable in understanding the fundamental seismic response to each frac stage. The dominant time-lapse effect observed in the stage-by-stage data was a subtle time delay of the P-wave direct arrival when compared to data recorded prior to stimulation. This time-lapse effect was only present over a period of a few days once the stage was completed and would have been completely missed using the conventional approach of having a single monitor survey acquired after the well was treated. It was possible to model the kinematics of the P- and S-wave arrivals and invert for frac effectiveness at each stage based on the observed time delay in the seismic. Amplitude differences were also observed in the time-lapse shot records in which new waveforms appeared along the hydraulically stimulated portions of the well.
Dinámica de transmisión de precios y cambio estructural en el sector lácteo chileno (2007)

This paper examines the degree in which the signals of the international price of the main dairy product imported by Chile, powder milk, were transmitted to the price received by the producers in the period 1979-2005. The existence of a possible structural break in 1989 is also evaluated, due to the differences in trade policies oriented towards the Chilean milk sector. The results show that the international price had a significant influence over the domestic price, explaining 52% of the variability of the price of the milk received by the producer. The estimated speed of transmission was considerably low, and a total transmission was obtained for a period of three to four years. The hypothesis of structural break in the speed of transmission of international prices given by a reduction of the import taxes in 1989 was tested, and was rejected with a high level of statistical significance. This evidence suggests the existence of important changes within the Chilean milk sector that could have offset the effects of greater trade openness.
Post-Metallocenes: New Bis(pyrrolyl-2-aldiminato) Titanium Complexes for Ethylene Polymerization (2000)

Abstract Two new bis(pyrrolyl-2-aldiminato) titanium complexes were synthesized and their structures determined by X-ray analyses. These complexes displayed high ethylene polymerization activity using MAO or Ph3C+B−(C6F5)4/iBu3Al as a cocatalyst. One of the complexes exhibited very high ethylene polymerization activity (14100 kg-polymer·mol-Ti−1·h−1) with very high molecular weight (Mv: 260.1 × 104) using MAO as a cocatalyst.
CMOS TSPC latch circuits for pass-transistor logic (2002)

In this work, latch circuits are presented for the design of true single phase clocked (TSPC) pass-transistor (PT) networks. The latches consist of N-clocked and P-clocked sections, which can be used in conjunction with NMOS pass-transistor networks to implement general logic functions. In each N or P section, the signal to be latched is input to a positive feedback regenerative circuit, which restores the incomplete logic-level at the output of the latch. The latch sections rely on the circuit topology to minimize power dissipation resulting from reduced input signal swing, rather than on transistor threshold adjustments or special well or substrate biasing. Thus, it is possible to realize pass-transistor circuits with reduced power dissipation in ordinary CMOS processes.
Precision measurement of wavelengths emitted by a molecular fluorine laser at 157 nm (2001)

The wavelengths of six spectral lines emitted by a molecular fluorine (F(2)) laser at 157 nm were measured to high accuracy with the 10.7-m normal-incidence vacuum spectrograph at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Lines from a Pt-Ne hollow-cathode lamp served as the wavelength standards. Spectra of the laser and the Pt-Ne lamp were photographed simultaneously through an uncoated CaF(2) beam splitter. The optical paths were arranged so as to avoid shifts in line positions arising from possible differences in illumination of the grating by the two sources. The strongest lasing line was found to have a wavelength of 157.63094(10) nm. Changes in wavelength for variations in gas mixture, total gas pressure, and voltage were also measured.
Design of Initial Value Compensation with Additional Input for Mode Switching Control and Its Application to Magnetic Disk Drives (1996)

The head positioning servo control of magnetic disk drives has been required to achieve both precise positioning and fast access. In order to meet these requirements, the Mode Switching Control (MSC) structure that includes several different structure controllers and switching functions has been widely used. In the MSC, each servo controller can be designed optimally, so the remaining issue is “switching.”The MSC is a kind of Variable Structure Control System, but the switching is in one direction. This means that the servo mode is handed over from one to the other during a single servo action. So when the mode is switched from seek mode to track following one for example, this switching time is an initial time for the track following mode. As a result, the Initial Value Compensation (IVC) which is a method that considers the initial states, can be applied. The authors previously proposed the design method of this IVC and showed its effectiveness using disk drives servo control.In this paper, we propose a new IVC method using additional input. When the servo mode is switched, an additional input which is an impulse response of initial values of the plant state variables, is added. The transfer function of the impulse response can be designed in order to not only cancel undesired poles of the transfer function from initial states to head position, but add desired poles as well. Therefore the transient response after mode switching can be much improved from the previous method. Also this IVC never influences the stability and sensitivity of the closed loop. Several experimental results show the effectiveness of this method.
Nokia Smartphone Hacks (2005)

Nokia's smartphones pack a powerful computer into a very small space. Unlike your desktop or laptop, your smallest computer can be connected to the Internet all the time, and can interact with the world around it through its camera, voice recognition, and its traditional phone keypad. Nokia smartphones combine these features with impressive storage options and a host of networking protocols that make this smallest computer the only thing a road warrior truly needs. If you're still cracking open your laptop or pining for your desktop while you're on the road, you haven't begun to unlock your Nokia's full potential. Nokia Smartphone Hacks is dedicated to tricking out your smartphone and finding all the capabilities lurking under the surface. Learn how to: Unlock your phone so that you can use it with any carrier Avoid and recover from malicious mobile software Watch DVD movies on the phone Use the phone as a remote control Use the phone as a data modem for your notebook Check your email and browse the web Post to your weblog from your phone Record phone conversations Choose mobile service plans Transfer files between the phone and your computer Whether you want to use your smartphone as your lifeline while you're on the road, or you're just looking for a way to make the most of the time you spend waiting in lines, you'll find all the user-friendly tips, tools, and tricks you need to become massively productive with your Nokia smartphone. With Nokia Smartphone Hacks, you'll unleash the full power of that computer that's sitting in your pocket, purse, or backpack.
Parallel processing techniques for the processing of synthetic aperture radar data on FPGAs (2010)

This paper presents a design for the parallel processing of synthetic aperture radar data using one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Our design supports real-time computation of a two-dimensional image from a matrix of echo pulses and their corresponding response values. Components of this design include: (a) central processing pipeline to perform back projection calculations, (b) pre-fetch cache to minimize external memory access latency, (c) memory bridge that serves as the primary on-chip storage for pulse data, and (d) a pixel queue to direct image data in and out of the pipeline. Design parameters may be adjusted to achieve optimum performance, and multiple instances of this design may be replicated on-chip to achieve prespecified performance objectives. We provide a complexity analysis as a function of the input and output parameters. Simulation results based on an implementation of this design show that our design achieves 160 GFLOPs per instance on a simulated Altera Stratix III EP3SL150 FPGA, and scales well for output image size ranging from 500 × 500 pixels to 5,000 × 5,000 pixels.
Role-based security for distributed object systems (2002)

The paper describes a security architecture designed to support role based access control for distributed object systems in a large scale, multi-organisational enterprise in which domains are used to group objects for specifying security policies. We use the concept of a role to define access control related to a position within an organisation although our role framework caters for the specification of both authorisation and obligation policies. Access control and authentication is implemented using security agents on a per host basis to achieve a high degree of transparency to the application level. Cascaded delegation of access rights is also supported. The domain based authentication service uses symmetric cryptography and is implemented by replicated servers which maintain minimal state.
Hexagonal Layered Materials Composed of [M2(O2CCF3)4] (M=Ru and Rh) Donors and TCNQ Acceptors (2000)

π delocalization throughout the extended layers of two-dimensional network polymers of the type [{M2(O2CCF3)4}2(TCNQ)⋅3 (C7H8)]∞, which consist of RuII,RuII and RhII,RhII complexes coordinated to TCNQ molecules, is evident from the available structural (see picture for Ru analogue) and spectroscopic data. TCNQ=7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane.
Modeling multiple quantum barrier effects and reduced electron leakage in red-emitting laser diodes (2006)

Severe electron leakage impedes the full exploitation of AlGaInP laser diodes in the 630nm regime. Such thermally activated currents are attributed to inherently small conduction band offsets and intervalley transfer between the Γ and X conduction band minima. To negate the detrimental effect of these two intrinsic material issues a theoretical model is proposed. A multi-quantum-barrier (MQB) structure able to inhibit both Γ- and X-band transmissions is inserted in the p-doped region adjacent to the active region of the device, allowing a greater percentage of injected electrons to be reflected back within the active region. The design of the MQB follows a strict optimization procedure that takes into account fluctuations of superlattice layer width and composition. This model is used in conjunction with a dual conduction band drift-diffusion simulator to enable the design of the MQB at an operating voltage and hence account for nonlinear charge distribution across it. Initial results indicate strong agreement between experimentally determined effective enhancements and those predicted theoretically.
N-heterocyclic carbene stabilized copper- and silver-phenylchalcogenolate ring complexes (2012)

The ligation of a N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) to group 11 metal salts (Cu, Ag) was explored as an alternative to PR(3) ligands for the formation of copper- and silver-chalcogenolate cluster complexes. AgOAc and CuCl salts ligate with the NHC 1,3-di-isopropylbenzimidazole-2-ylidene ((i)Pr(2)-bimy) forming [Ag(OAc)((i)Pr(2)-bimy)] 1, [Ag(OAc)((i)Pr(2)-bimy)(2)] 2, [CuCl((i)Pr(2)-bimy)](2)3 and [CuCl((i)Pr(2)-bimy)(2)] 4 depending on the ratio of ligand to metal used. These have been characterized via spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. Complexes 1 and 3 were reacted with S(Ph)SiMe(3) and Se(Ph)SiMe(3) to form the polynuclear metal-chalcogenolates [Ag(4)(μ-EPh)(4)((i)Pr(2)-bimy)(4)] (5, E = S; 6, E = Se) and [Cu(3)(μ-EPh)(3)((i)Pr(2)-bimy)(3)] (7, E = S; 8, E = Se) in good yields. The structures of 5-8, as determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography, are described.
Untersuchungen zur Reaktion von Acylaminobrommalonestern und Acylaminobromessigestern mit Trialkylphosphiten – eine einfache Synthese von 2‐Amino‐2‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)essigsäure‐ethylester (1983)

Abstract In Abhängigkeit von den Reaktionsbedingungen liefern Acylaminobrommalonester 1 mit Trialkylphosphiten entweder 5‐Alkoxyoxazole 7 , 2‐[Acyl(dialkoxyphosphoryl)amino]malonester 8 oder 2‐Acylamino‐2‐(dialkoxyphosphoryl)malonester 2 . N ‐Acylglycinester 9 können mit Brom oder N ‐Bromsuccinimid in die α‐Bromderivate 10 übergeführt werden, die mit Trialkylphosphiten glatt die 2‐Acylamino‐2‐(dialkoxyphosphoryl)essigester 12 ergeben. Durch Entfernen der Schutzgruppen aus den Boc‐ und Trichlorethoxycarbonyl‐Derivaten 12g und 12h ist 2‐Amino‐2‐(diethoxyphosphoryl)essigsäure‐ethylester ( 11 ) zugänglich. Das durch Umsetzung von 10a mit Triphenylphosphan erhältliche Phosphoniumsalz 14a erleidet bei Baseneinwirkung eine Dimerisierung zum 2,3‐(Bisbenzoylamino)fumarat 18 .
Inhibition of the Fe(III)-Catalyzed Dopamine Oxidation by ATP and Its Relevance to Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease (2013)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic cells, which implicates a role of dopamine (DA) in the etiology of PD. A possible DA degradation pathway is the Fe(III)-catalyzed oxidation of DA by oxygen, which produces neuronal toxins as side products. We investigated how ATP, an abundant and ubiquitous molecule in cellular milieu, affects the catalytic oxidation reaction of dopamine. For the first time, a unique, highly stable DA-Fe(III)-ATP ternary complex was formed and characterized in vitro. ATP as a ligand shifts the catecholate-Fe(III) ligand metal charge transfer (LMCT) band to a longer wavelength and the redox potentials of both DA and the Fe(III) center in the ternary complex. Remarkably, the additional ligation by ATP was found to significantly reverse the catalytic effect of the Fe(III) center on the DA oxidation. The reversal is attributed to the full occupation of the Fe(III) coordination sites by ATP and DA, which blocks O2 from accessing the Fe(III) center and its further reaction with DA. The biological relevance of this complex is strongly implicated by the identification of the ternary complex in the substantia nigra of rat brain and its attenuation of cytotoxicity of the Fe(III)-DA complex. Since ATP deficiency accompanies PD and neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) induced PD, deficiency of ATP and the resultant impairment toward the inhibition of the Fe(III)-catalyzed DA oxidation may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Our finding provides new insight into the pathways of DA oxidation and its relationship with synaptic activity.
DSC‐Untersuchungen an Stärke Teil I. Möglichkeiten thermoanalytischer Methoden zur Stärkecharakterisierung (1980)

Abstract Die Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) wurde angewendet zur Charakterisierung der Vorgänge bei der Verkleisterung von Stärken und der Reorganisation von Stärkepolymeren (Retrogradation). Besonderer Wert wurde dabei auf die Optimierung des Meßverfahrens gelegt. Aufgrund einer spez. Detektoranordnung des verwendeten Kalorimeters wird eine hohe kalorische Empfindlichkeit, bezogen auf das Probenvolumen, erzielt. Dadurch konnten neben den bekannten endothermen Umwandlungsenthalpien bei der Verkleisterung einiger Stärken weitere Peaks aufgelöst werden, die der Desintegration des Amylose‐Lipid‐Komplexes zugeschrieben werden. In Mischungen aus Amylose und Amylopektin werden unter bestimmten Umständen deren Retrogradationsprodukte als diskrete Peaks beobachtet, die sich in ihrer Umwandlungstemperatur deutlich unterscheiden. Zum Schluß wird auf die Verkleisterung bei limitierten Wassergehalten eingegangen. Die Untersuchungen bestätigen kürzlich veröffentlichte Ergebnisse. Die Differential Scanning Calorimetry ist damit zu einer nützlichen analytischen Methode gereift, mit der Fragen der Säarkechemie beantwortet werden können.
Development of a 12-Hole Omnidirectional Flow-Velocity Measurement Probe (2007)

M ULTIHOLE pressure probes are widely used in aerodynamic flow studies. Their general design and working principles have been widely studied and are well documented [1–5]. The most popular ones, the fiveand seven-hole probes, measure flow velocity up to 55 and 70 deg, respectively, from the probe axis. A spherical probe with 18 holes [6] was developed recently that considerably reduced the range limitation bymeasuring flows up to nearly 160 deg from the probe axis. The 18-hole probe was essentially an extension of the five-hole probe design. Its design was driven by the necessity to use the reduction method of a conventional five-hole configuration, the only method available at the time. Consequently, over a large region of its measurable range, there are more than four ports available with valid (attached-flow) pressure data. Because there are typically only four unknown variables during flow measurement, there is a redundancy in the number of ports in the 18-hole probe. When new calibration and reduction algorithms were developed by the authors [7] for tackling any generic arrangement of ports, it became possible to consider designing an optimized version of the omnidirectional probe, which would be free of redundancy. These algorithms do not depend on the axisymmetry of the port distribution pattern to define the nondimensional pressure coefficients. In this work, an optimal spherical-probe design for omnidirectional flow measurement is presented. The calculation of the four unknown flow quantities (two flow angles, flow speed, and static pressure) is achieved with the minimum necessary number of ports on the probe tip. This has significant implications in the instrument’s spatial resolution, frequency response as well as cost of interfacing, and usage. A prototype probe was fabricated with a spherical tip diameter of 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and a sting diameter of 0.122 in. (3.1 mm). The probe was calibrated and its measurement accuracy assessed in a calibration facility. II. Design and Fabrication
Reduction of experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats by dietary calcium loading (1982)

Since gentamicin accumulates in the renal cortex before renal failure and calcium reduces gentamicin binding to cell membranes, we examined the effect of dietary calcium loading on gentamicin toxicity in male F344 rats. Rats were fed either a normal (0.5%)- or a high (4%)-calcium-content chow. Calcium loading did not alter inulin clearance, urinary excretion of sodium or total osmoles, or serum ionized calcium. However, calcium loading caused elevation of urinary calcium excretion and lowered urinary cyclic AMP levels. The data suggest that calcium loading may have slowed the accumulation of gentamicin (40 mg/kg per day) by the renal cortex. Histological and functional evidence of nephrotoxicity was delayed in onset and attenuated in magnitude. The results indicate that dietary calcium loading reduces experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Protection may be associated with slower renal cortical accumulation of gentamicin. Calcium-dependent membrane or intracellular events may mediate this effect.
ENTWICKLUNG EINES BMW-FAHRZEUGES FUER FLEXIBLEN BENZIN-METHANOL-MISCHBETRIEB (1992)

Ein serienmaessiger BMW-Sechszylindermotor mit Vierventiltechnik wurde auf flexiblen Benzin-Methanol-Mischbetrieb umgestellt. Dazu mussten unter anderem die Gemischaufbereitungs- und Zuendwinkelkennfelder fuer verschiedene Methanol-Gehalte neu abgestimmt werden. Die Erkennung des Methanolgehaltes wurde sowohl mit Hilfe eines kapazitativen Methanolsensors als auch mit der adaptiven Lambda-Regelung realisiert, wobei eine klare Empfehlung zugunsten des Alkoholsensors ausgesprochen werden muss. Im Fahrzeugbetrieb konnten ohne Aenderungsmassnahmen am Katalysator circa 40 Prozent niedrigere HC-Emissionen im US-Testzyklus nachgewiesen werden. Die im Fahrzeug ermittelten Verbrauchsergebnisse zeigten fuer den ECE-1/3-Mix eine Wirkungsgradverbesserung von 8 Prozent. Die Fahrbarkeit war fuer beliebige Methanolgehalte der im Benzinbetrieb ohne Einschraenkung vergleichbar. Titel in Englisch: Development of a BMW flexible fuel vehicle.