gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits using the compression approach (2002)

The authors describes the compression approach, a technique for comprehensive analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits which supplies a framework for combining linear field simulation methods and harmonic balance (HB). This technique makes it possible to include an accurate description of linear embedding space in HB simulations of nonlinear microwave circuits. A comparison with a pure time-domain approach is made for the analysis of a nonlinear transmission line. The comparison shows that the proposed method yields a significant saving in computer time if more than a few analyses have to be performed, while preserving the accuracy of the pure time-domain analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Sequences Involved in Initiation of Simian Virus 40 Late Transcription in the Absence of T Antigen (1986)

We analyzed the sequences involved in vivo in the initiation of simian virus 40 (SV40) late transcription occurring in the absence of both SV40 origin sequences and T antigen. The constituent elements of the SV40 late promoters have already been the subject of extensive studies. In vitro studies have resulted in the description of two putative domains of the late promoters. The first domain consists of an 11-base-pair (bp) sequence, 5'-GGTACCTAACC-3', located 25 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the SV40 major late initiation site (MLIS) (J. Brady, M. Radonovich, M. Vodkin, V. Natarajan, M. Thoren, G. Das, J. Janik, and N. P. Salzman, Cell 31:624-633, 1982). The second domain is located within the G-C-rich region (J. Brady, M. Radonovich, M. Thoren, G. Das, and N. P. Salzman, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:133-141; U. Hansen and P. A. Sharp, EMBO J. 2:2293-2303). Our previous in vivo studies permitted us to define a domain of the late promoter which extends from nt 332 to nt 113 and includes the 72-bp enhancer sequences. Here, by using transfection of the appropriate chimeric plasmids into HeLa cells in conjunction with quantitative S1 nuclease analysis, we analyzed in more detail the sequences required for the control of SV40 late-gene expression occurring before the onset of viral DNA replication. We showed that the major late promoter element is in fact the 72-bp repeat enhancer element. This element was able to drive efficient late transcription in the absence of T antigen. Under our experimental conditions, removal of the G-C-rich region (21-bp repeats) entailed a significant increase in the level of late-gene expression. Moreover, translocation of this element closer to the MLIS (53 nt upstream of the MLIS) enhanced the level of transcripts initiated at natural late initiation sites. Our results suggest that the G-C-rich regions have to be positioned between the enhancer element and the initiation sites to stimulate transcription from downstream sites. Thus, the relative arrangement of the various promoter elements is a critical factor contributing to the situation in which the early promoter is stronger than late promoters before viral DNA replication.
Automatic generation of fast timed simulation models for operating systems in SoC design (2003)

To enable fast and accurate evaluation of HW/SW implementation choices of on-chip communication, we present a method to automatically generate timed OS simulation models. The method generates the OS simulation models with the simulation environment as a virtual processor Since the generated OS simulation models use final OS code, the presented method can mitigate the OS code equivalence problem. The generated model also simulates different types of processor exceptions. This approach provides two orders of magnitude higher simulation speedup compared to the simulation using instruction set simulators for SW simulation.
Fast algorithm for LSI artwork analysis (1988)

Representative algorithms for IC mask artwork analysis are described and compared. A novel IC mask analysis algorithm is described which does not restrict the representation of artwork, permits a wide range of functions, avoids pathologies, and achieves good runtime and tolerable main memory demands, even for LSI applications. Under reasonable assumptions about the distribution of artwork within the chip area, the algorithm is shown to achieve an expected runtime complexity of O(E*a(3/2)),
Image Quality and Radiation Exposure at Pulmonary CT Angiography with 100- or 120-kVp Protocol: Prospective Randomized Study (2007)

Reduction of kilovoltage from 120 to 100 kVp resulted in significant reduction of effective dose at pulmonary CT angiography, without significant loss of objective or subjective image quality.
Resonance frequency and removal torque analysis of implants with turned and anodized surface oxides (2002)

The present experimental study was designed to address two issues. The first was to investigate whether oxide properties of titanium implants influenced bone tissue responses after an in vivo implantation time of six weeks. If such a result was found, the second aim was to investigate which oxide properties are involved in such bone tissue responses. Screw-shaped implants with a wide range of oxide properties were prepared by electrochemical oxidation methods, where the oxide thickness varied in the range of 200 nm to 1000 nm. The surface morphology was prepared in two substantially different ways, i.e. barrier and porous oxide film structures. The micropore structure revealed pore sizes of 8 microm in diameter, with a range in opening area from 1.27 microm 2 to 2.1 microm 2. Porosity ranged from 12.7% to 24.4%. The crystal structures of the titanium oxide were amorphous, anatase and a mixture of anatase and rutile type. The chemical compositions consisted mainly of TiO2. Surface roughness ranged from 0.96 microm to 1.03 microm (Sa). Each group of test samples showed its own, defined status with respect to these various parameters. The oxide properties of turned commercially pure titanium implants were used in the control group, which was characterized by an oxide thickness of 17.4 +/- 6.2 nm, amorphous type in crystallinity, TiO2 in chemical composition, and a surface roughness of 0.83 microm (Sa). Bone tissue responses were evaluated by resonance frequency measurements and removal torque tests that were undertaken six weeks after implant insertion in rabbit tibia. Implants that had an oxide thickness of approximately 600, 800 and 1000 nm demonstrated significantly stronger bone responses in the evaluation of removal torque values than did implants that had an oxide thickness of approximately 17 and 200 nm (P < 0.05). However, there were no difference between implants with oxide thicknesses of 17 and 200 nm (P = 0.99). It was concluded that oxide properties of titanium implants, which include oxide thickness, micropore configurations and crystal structures, greatly influence the bone tissue response in the evaluation of removal torque values. However, it is not fully understood whether these oxide properties influence the bone tissue response separately or synergistically.
Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulationcompared to electroacupuncture at the main acupoints forweight reduction in obese Thai women (2011)

Introduction: Obesity can result in a reduced quality of life, substantial morbidity and mortality. Acupuncture therapy is an effective treatment for weight reduction but there are associated problems of needle shock and internal injuries.
Aim & objectives: This study is aimed at researching the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) as an anti-obesity treatment option for obese patients.
Methods: A prospective randomized open-label study was conducted in the Acupuncture Clinic in Srinakharinwirot University Hospital. Fifty-five obese women, who had body mass index (BMI) > 23 kg/m2, were randomized to receive either TEAS or Electroacupuncture (EA) using 10 acupoints per session, two sessions a week for an 8-week period. Anthropometric parameters were measured throughout the treatment period. Weight reduction was considered as the primary outcome. Student’s t-test and paired t-test were used to compare the continuous data between groups and intra-group, respectively. The effects of obese type (according to Traditional Chinese Medicine) and treatment methods on weight reduction were tested using a univariate analysis of variance.
Results: At the end of the study, weight and BMI reduction of the TEAS (1.2 kg and 0.47 kg/m2, respectively) group were significantly decreased from the base line and were comparable with the reduction of those in the EA group (1.3 kg and 0.51 kg/m2, respectively). There were no significant effects of treatment methods (F=0.052; P=0.82) and TCM types (F=3.487; P=0.07) on weight reduction.
Conclusions: TEAS was found to be an effective method for weight reduction as seen with EA. TEAS was found to be safe and feasible as a method for weight reduction in obese women.
Piperazine silicate (EU 19): the structure of a very small crystal determined with synchrotron radiation (1988)

Single-crystal diffraction data have been recorded for a very small crystal of dimensions 8 x 18 × 175 ~rn 3. From these data the structure of piperazine silicate (EU 19) has been determined and refined to R = 0.094 for 490 observed reflections. Data collection for such a crystal has been made practicable by the high intensity of the Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation Source and the Enraf-Nonius FAST area detector diffractometer. The potential of this synchrotron radiation method for other small crystals including proteins is discussed. Crystal data: 2+ • 2
Locally-separated vertical channel SONOS flash memory (LSVC SONOS) for multi-storage and multi-level operation (2008)

A SONOS flash memory having locally-separated vertical channels is investigated. The vertical SONOS flash memory has a scaling issue related with the fin width. As the fin width is shorter, electrical interference between paired cells (PCI) is severer. To overcome PCI, we propose the locally-separated vertical channel SONOS (LSVC SONOS) structure. We demonstrate reliable operation of LSVC SONOS using ATLAS simulation. This device structure is promising for multi-storage and multi-level operation.
EMPTY CONVEX 5-GONS IN PLANAR POINT SETS (2009)

Erd<TEX>$\"{o}$</TEX>s posed the problem of determining the minimum number g(n) such that any set of g(n) points in general position in the plane contains an empty convex n-gon. In 1978, Harborth proved that g(5) = 10. We reprove the result in a geometric approach.
Early Vidarabine Therapy to Control the Complications of Herpes Zoster in Immunosuppressed Patients (1982)

We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the value of vidarabine therapy for the prevention of complications from herpes zoster in immunocompromised patients. Of 121 patients with localized herpes zoster of 72 hours duration or less, 63 received vidarabine and 58 received the placebo. Populations were matched for pertinent characteristics. Therapy accelerated cutaneous healing and decreased the rates of cutaneous dissemination (from 24 per cent [14 patients] to 8 per cent [5 patients]) (P = 0.014); and of zoster-related visceral complications (from 19 per cent [11 patients] to 5 per cent [3 patients]) (P = 0.015). therapy also decreased the total duration of post-herpetic neuralgia (P = 0.047). Patients with lymphoproliferative cancers and those 38 years of age or older were at greatest risk for complications and benefited most from therapy. There was no serious drug toxicity. We conclude that vidarabine therapy, when started within the first three days, is valuable for the reduction of complications related to herpes zoster.
Anatomical Variations in Pressures Generated by Pressure Garments (1998)

Pressure therapy is the predominant means for prophylaxis and treatment of hypertrophic scar. Despite this, there is little scientific evidence to support its use. This study examines the pressures generated by pressure garments in four subjects at 36 different anatomical sites chosen to represent the varying body geometry. Direct subdermal pressures were measured by an established method, though novel for this application. Pressure garments create a mean increase in subdermal pressures of 22.2 mmHg (range -10 to 102 mmHg). A significant objective difference exists in pressures generated at different anatomical sites. These differences correlate to local tissue compliance and to known areas of good clinical response and inversely correlate to the radius of anatomic curvature. The data suggest that pressures around 15 mmHg are required to effect a positive scar response and that close experienced monitoring of garments be performed.
Discovery of a Novel General Anesthetic Chemotype Using High-throughput Screening (2015)

The authors demonstrate the first use of a high-throughput screen to successfully identify a novel anesthetic chemotype and show mammalian anesthetic activity for members of that chemotype.
Mechanism of the addition of 1.DELTA.g excited oxygen to olefins. Evidence for a 1,2-dioxetane intermediate (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of the addition of 1.DELTA.g excited oxygen to olefins. Evidence for a 1,2-dioxetane intermediateWilliam H. Fenical, David R. Kearns, and Phillip RadlickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 12, 3396–3398Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01040a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01040a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
iBEAM: substrate-integrated hollow waveguides for efficient laser beam combining (2019)

Laser light sources are routinely applied building blocks in optical sensor technologies. While lasers are emitting at a precisely defined wavelength within narrow emission bands, chem/bio-sensing applications frequently demand multi-wavelength illumination for addressing a series of species. Instead of using broadband radiation sources, it is a viable strategy to efficiently combine the beams emitted from different lasers to maintain the spectral brightness and yet cover extended wavelength regimes. In this study, substrate-integrated hollow waveguides (iHWGs) are reported as a versatile and efficient alternative compared to conventional beam combining concepts, especially for applications in the mid-infrared spectral regime leading to a highly efficient multi-port beam combiner-the iBEAM.
1.8-THz bandwidth, zero-frequency error, tunable optical comb generator for DWDM applications (1999)

We report on the experimental realization of a simple optical comb generator, based on phase modulation within an amplified fiber loop, which offers exact referencing to an arbitrary supplied reference frequency and tunable comb-line spacing. At a reference wavelength of 1529 nm up to 103 comb lines within a 40-dB power envelope were generated with spacings adjustable from 1 to 25 GHz, limited only by the bandwidth of the phase modulator.
The use of organic acids to combat<i>Salmonella</i>in poultry: a mechanistic explanation of the efficacy (2006)

Salmonella is a human pathogen that is commonly found in poultry products. It is possible to decrease chicken carcass and egg contaminations by adding organic acids to the feed or drinking water at appropriate times. Medium-chain fatty acids are more antibacterial against Salmonella than short-chain fatty acids. The antibacterial effect of these acids is species specific. Bacteria that are unable to decrease intracellular pH accumulate organic acid anions in accordance with the pH gradient across their cell membranes. The short-chain fatty acid butyrate specifically down-regulates expression of invasion genes in Salmonella spp. at low doses. Also medium-chain fatty acids and propionate decrease the ability of Salmonella spp. to invade epithelial cells, in contrast to acetic acid. Because not all bacteria are affected in a similar fashion by organic acids, it may be possible to use probiotic and prebiotic bacteria to achieve beneficial effects. If diets can be designed to stimulate organic acid production in the caecum, it may be possible to control Salmonella spp. via even easier and more cost-effective measures, compared with addition of acids to feed or drinking water.
Compact Dyson imaging spectrometer with large working distance using freeform surface (2019)

The most significant shortage of the Dyson spectrometer is that the small clearance among the slit, image plane and the hemisphere lens makes the spectrometer difficult to assembly. To solve this problem, several approaches have been proposed. Such as inserting additional aspherical lenses in the optical path to enlarge the image distance, or using a fused silica lens and incorporates a built-in fold mirror to allow the detector sufficient clearance from the slit. In this paper, a Dyson imaging spectrometer with freeform surface has been designed. The freeform surface is used to enlarge clearance distance and compensate the large residual aberration without additional lenses. The design starts from a sphere Dyson system, and then the freeform surfaces are applied to optimize the initial configuration by the use of optical software. The design results show that the Dyson imaging spectrometer with freeform surfaces have great optical performance and easy to mounting which is crucial for development in the fields of aeronautics and astronautics remote sensing.
Entangled-Photon Virtual-State Spectroscopy (1998)

A new form of absorption spectroscopy is introduced in which the energy levels and matrix elements of virtual-state transitions in a medium are determined by the use of continuous-wave degenerate entangled photons without varying their wavelengths. Extractable spectroscopic information is embedded in the entangled-photon absorption cross section when measured over a range of entanglement and interbeam-delay times. This technique exploits the fundamental quantum interference that arises during the interaction of an entangled quantum state with a quantum system.
Dynamic overload balancing in server farms (2014)

We consider the problem of optimal load balancing in a server farm under overload conditions. A convex penalty minimization problem is studied to optimize queue overflow rates at the servers. We introduce a new class of α-fair penalty functions, and show that the cases of α = 0, 1, ∞ correspond to minimum sum penalty, penalty proportional fairness, and min-max fairness, respectively. These functions are useful to maximize the time to first buffer overflow and minimize the recovery time from temporary overload. In addition, we show that any policy that solves an overload minimization problem with strictly increasing penalty functions must be throughput optimal. A dynamic control policy is developed to solve the overload minimization problem in a stochastic setting. This policy generalizes the well-known join-the-shortest-queue (JSQ) policy and uses intelligent job tagging to optimize queue overflow rates without the knowledge of traffic arrival rates.
Remineralization of Carious Dentin (1968)

Based on radiographic and microradiographic evidence, a 10% stannous fluoride solution produced remineralization of the carious dentin more rapidly than, and was superior to, other remineralizing solutions and calcifying solutions. Permeability to dye penetration was reduced. Electron photomicrographs showed an electron-dense material deposited in the dentinal matrix.
Studies on pharmaceutical modification of anticancer agents. I. Enhancement of lymphatic transport of mitomycin C by parenteral emulsions. (1975)

To prevent metastasis along the lymph pathways, it is greatly necessary to create a selectively high concentration of anticancer agent in the lymphatic system. The enhancement of lymphatic transport of Mitomycin C (MMC) was accomplished by the injection of fat emulsion to tissue spaces. A comparison of concentration of MMC in thoracic duct lymph and plasma after intraperitoneal and intramuscular injection showed that W/O emulsion was the most effective and followed by O/W emulsion and aqueous solution. In O/W emulsion, the one emulsified by gelatin observed to facillitate the lymphatic transport whereas the one emulsified by polysorbate 80 had little effect. This difference appears to depend upon the binding to oil droplets, because MMC was bound to oil only in the emulsion by gelatin. A measuring of oil in thoracic duct lymph and lymph nodes indicated that MMC did not always accompany with oil in the lymphatic system.
A Common Molecular Motif Characterizes Extracellular Allosteric Enhancers of GPCR Aminergic Receptors and Suggests Enhancer Mechanism of Action (2014)

Several classes of compounds that have no intrinsic activity on aminergic systems nonetheless enhance the potency of aminergic receptor ligands three-fold or more while significantly increasing their duration of activity, preventing tachyphylaxis and reversing fade. Enhancer compounds include ascorbic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, corticosteroids, opioid peptides, opiates and opiate antagonists. This paper provides the first review of aminergic enhancement, demonstrating that all enhancers have a common, inobvious molecular motif and work through a common mechanism that is manifested by three common characteristics. First, aminergic enhancers bind directly to the amines they enhance, suggesting that the common structural motif is reflected in common binding targets. Second, one common target is the first extracellular loop of aminergic receptors. Third, at least some enhancers are antiphosphodiesterases. These observations suggest that aminergic enhancers act on the extracellular surface of aminergic receptors to keep the receptor in its high affinity state, trapping the ligand inside the receptor. Enhancer binding produces allosteric modifications of the receptor structure that interfere with phosphorylation of the receptor, thereby inhibiting down-regulation of the receptor. The mechanism explains how enhancers potentiate aminergic activity and increase duration of activity and makes testable predictions about additional compounds that should act as aminergic enhancers.
Thermal-oxide gate GaAs MOSFET's (1978)

The first thermal-oxide gate GaAs MOSFET of the deep-depletion mode is reported. The gate oxide, which has been grown by the new GaAs oxidation technique in the As <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> vapor, is so chemically stable that it can be subjected to the fabrication process. Measurement of some dc characteristics of the device fabricated has shown a strikingly suppressed hysteresis.