gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Model of Message-Based Debugging Facilities for Web or Grid Services (2009)

Message-based debugging facilities for Web or Grid Services are separated from an infrastructure of source level debugging and can work in a self-identifying and coexisting mode within a normal services container. In this paper, we discuss problems for services debugging and approaches we take. We present the operational model and context inspection of message-based debugging facilities. The facilities are able to trace service behaviors, dump debugging information, and manage states and behavioral breakpoints of debugged services. This model supports a mechanism of multi-user and multi-site service debugging without requiring programmers or developers to one by one duplicate full scenarios in multiple servers.
Investigation of the Morphology of the Mesoporous SBA-16 and SBA-15 Materials (2006)

Mesoporous SBA-16 and SBA-15 were studied in order to control their possible morphologies. SBA-16 is synthesized using a silicon source (tetraethoxysilane, TEOS) and a ternary system consisting of surfactant F127 (EO106PO70EO106), water, and butanol. The same ternary system, with higher butanol concentration, is used to form SBA-15 material as well. An increase of the TEOS concentration results in a morphology shift of SBA-16 from micron-sized spheres, over randomly shaped aggregated particles, to macrospheres with a size of 15 mm. An identical increase in TEOS concentration also results in the formation of SBA-15 macrospheres, which can be controlled in size. Micron-sized spheres of SBA-15 were formed using a quaternary system of surfactant P123 (EO20PO70EO20), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), ethanol, and water. All mesoporous silica materials were characterized using SEM, XRD, and N2 sorption techniques.
Population screening of 75- and 76-year-old men and women for silent atrial fibrillation (STROKESTOP) (2012)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is important because it is common and is a major cause of stroke unless treated with oral anticoagulant. The prevalence of AF increases with age as does the risk of stroke. At 75 years the risk from age alone is so high that current guidelines recommend anticoagulation even in the absence of other risk factors. Atrial fibrillation is often asymptomatic and only discovered by chance or when a stroke already has occurred. We have launched a major screening study for silent AF in which 25,000 Swedes aged 75 and 76 years are randomized to either participate in a screening programme using ambulant intermittent electrocardiogram (ECG) recording to detect silent AF, or act as a control group. Patients in whom AF is detected are offered cardiological examination and anticoagulant treatment according to current guidelines. The cohort and the controls will be followed prospectively for 5 years after the inclusion of the first participant. An interim analysis will be made after 3 years. Our hypothesis is that screening for AF will reduce stroke incidence in the screened population, and that this screening will prove to be cost effective. Secondary endpoints are: any thromboembolic event, intracranial bleeding, other major bleeding, first ever diagnosis of dementia, death from any cause, and a composite of these endpoints.
Flip-flop selection technique for power-delay trade-off [video codec] (2003)

Circuit and design techniques trade off power, delay, and area of a chip by blending different types of flip-flops with different merits: F/F blending. Three types of discrete cosine transform (DCT) blocks for MPEG-4 video codec, a conventional design (Conv-DCT), a low-power design (LP-DCT), and a high-speed design (HS-DCT), are fabricated in a 0.3 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. LP-DCT consumes 24%-51% less power without speed degradation, and HS-DCT operates 25% faster than Conv-DCT.
Sodium chloride-induced phase transition in nonionic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium chloride-induced phase transition in nonionic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gelTae Gwan Park and Allan S. HoffmanCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 19, 5045–5048Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00071a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00071a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1882Altmetric-Citations318LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of type-II superlattice and HgCdTe infrared detector technologies (2007)

Performance of HgCdTe detector technology surpasses all others in the mid-wave and long-wave infrared spectrum. This technology is relatively mature with current effort focused on improving uniformity, and demonstrating increased focal plane array (FPA) functionality. Type-II superlattice (InAs-GaSb and related alloys) detector technology has seen rapid progress over the past few years. The merits of the superlattice material system rest on predictions of even higher performance than HgCdTe and of engineering advantages. While no one has demonstrated Type-II superlattice detectors with performance superior to HgCdTe detectors, the difference in performance between these two technologies is decreasing. In this paper, we review the status and highlight relative merits of both HgCdTe and Type-II superlattice based detector technologies.
Novel Serum and Urine Markers for Pediatric Appendicitis (2012)

Plasma calprotectin and serum/urine LRG are elevated in pediatric appendicitis. No individual marker performed as well as the WBC count.
Sources of error in measuring opacity of paper by the contrast-ratio method (1934)

Contrast ratio of a paper sample is defined as the brightness of the illuminated sample when backed by a black-lined cavity divided by its brightness when backed by a surface of magnesium oxide. In practice other less fragile surfaces are substituted for the MgO surface, and to protect these substitute surfaces as well as the paper samples themselves the samples are kept from touching the surfaces.
Biochemical study on the hypoglycaemic effects of extract and fraction of Acacia catechu willd in alloxan-induced diabetic rats (2009)

Various extracts including petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, aqueous and crude aqueous of barks of Acacia catechu (A. catechu) Willd (Leguminosae) and the two fractions of ethanolic extract were tested for antihyperglycaemic activity in glucose-loaded hyperglycaemic rats. The effective extract and fraction of A. catechu were subjected to anti-diabetic study in alloxan-induced diabetic rats at two dose levels, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Biochemical parameters, including glucose, urea, creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), haemoglobin and glycosylated haemoglobin were also assessed. The ethanolic extract of A. catechu and the water insoluble fraction of ethanolic extract exhibited significant anti-hyperglycaemic activity and produced dose- dependent hypoglycemia in fasted normal rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with ethanolic extract and water-insoluble fraction of this plant restored the elevated biochemical parameters significantly (p<0.05) to the normal level. Comparatively, the water insoluble fraction of ethanolic extract was more effective than the ethanolic extract and the activity was comparable to that of the standard, glibenclamide (5 mg/kg).
A multitask bi-directional RNN model for named entity recognition on Chinese electronic medical records (2018)

In this paper, a novel multitask bi-directional RNN model is proposed for improving the performance of named entity recognition in EMR. Evaluation results using real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
An expanded NAT with server connection ability (2003)

We propose an expanded network address translation (NAT) that is allowed to connect from an external network to an internal specific server (telnet, Web, mail, etc.) only by using a modification of the NAT table. Thus, a connection from an external network is prohibited except that connection while only one NAT IP is required. We propose the capacity of the VPN (virtual private network) using NAT as we offer an inter-private network connection ability. The proposed expanded NAT can be used valuably in the surroundings of SOHO and applied to real environments instantly.
Inferring User Expertise for Adaptive Interfaces (1990)

A technique based on two heuristic rules for inferring expertise is demonstrated by inferring user expertise in word-processing tasks. The heuristic rules were translated into practice by examining command frequencies and requests for on-line help from the 12 participants in the study who were engaged in personal word-processing tasks. These variables were found to be related to word-processing expertise. A scoring rule derived from these variables ranged from 71% to 87% correct in predicting the expertise of the user. The application of this technique to adaptive interfaces that incorporate estimates of user expertise is discussed.
Gaussian inference in loopy graphical models (2004)

We show precisely that message passing for inference in Gaussian graphical models on singly connected graphs is just a distributed implementation of Gaussian elimination without any need for backsubstitution. This observation allows us to generalize the procedure to arbitrary loopy Gaussian graphical models. We thus construct a message passing algorithm that is guaranteed to converge in finite time, and solve the inference problem exactly. The complexity of this algorithm grows gradually with the "distance" of the graph to a tree. This algorithm can be implemented in a distributed environment as, for example, in sensor networks.
Suppression of the Floral Activator<i>Hd3a</i>Is the Principal Cause of the Night Break Effect in Rice[W] (2005)

A short exposure to light in the middle of the night causes inhibition of flowering in short-day plants. This phenomenon is called night break (NB) and has been used extensively as a tool to study the photoperiodic control of flowering for many years. However, at the molecular level, very little is known about this phenomenon. In rice (Oryza sativa), 10 min of light exposure in the middle of a 14-h night caused a clear delay in flowering. A single NB strongly suppressed the mRNA of Hd3a, a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), whereas the mRNAs of OsGI and Hd1 were not affected. The NB effect on Hd3a mRNA was maximal in the middle of the 14-h night. The phyB mutation abolished the NB effect on flowering and Hd3a mRNA, indicating that the NB effect was mediated by phytochrome B. Because expression of the other FT-like genes was very low and not appreciably affected by NB, our results strongly suggest that the suppression of Hd3a mRNA is the principal cause of the NB effect on flowering in rice.
Studies on wheat protoplasts - A rapid and large-scale isolation method and cell wall regeneration in cultures. (1983)

[in Japanese]
Combinatorial Screening of DNA Aptamers for Molecular Imaging of HER2 in Cancer (2017)

HER2, a cell membrane protein overexpressed in many types of cancers, is correlated with poor diagnosis, suboptimal treatment outcome, and low survival rate. Multiple HER2-targeted drugs have been developed for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing tumor, which can in turn down-regulate HER2 expression. It is thus significant to profile HER2 expression for cancer prognosis, patient stratification, and monitoring therapy response. Aptamers, a class of single-stranded DNA/RNA (ssDNA/ssRNA) ligands, are promising for molecular biomarker imaging. Aptamers typically have strong binding affinity, high selectivity, batch-to-batch reproducibility, and low toxicity, and systemically injected aptamers often have high tumor-to-background ratio within a short time. However, current aptamers have been mostly screened in vitro, and these aptamers may lose binding ability in vivo due to conformational change under physiological environments. Here, a DNA library was combinatorially screened in vitro and in vivo, to select HER2-targeting DNA aptamers, termed Heraptamers, and labeled with <sup>18</sup>F for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of HER2 in ovarian cancer. Specifically, using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), Heraptamer candidates were first selected and validated in vitro using HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) and HER2-positive SKOV3 cancer cells; then, aptamer candidates were modified with alkyne, radiolabeled with <sup>18</sup>F using azide-functionalized precursors by click chemistry, and screened in SKOV3-tumor-bearing mice using PET. Two aptamers, Heraptamer1 and Heraptamer2, reached high tumor uptake ratios within as short as 1 h. At 1.5 h post injection, the tumor uptake ratio of these two aptamers was up to 0.5%ID/g (injection dose/gram tissue), with tumor-to-muscle ratio of 4.55 ± 1.63 in SKOV3 tumor. In contrast, these aptamers have low uptake ratios in control MDA-MB-231 tumors. These preclinical studies showed that Heraptamers are promising for specific HER2 imaging.
Science and Technology of Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials (2007)

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a truly unique material: it is the dominant product of the large, growing, over 60-year-old silicone market, now approaching $10 billion in world-wide sales. It is the only commercially important "semi-inorganic" polymer available, i.e. one whose backbone is wholly inorganic but with organic, pendent groups or side-chains. By way of introduction to "Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials III", the fundamental characteristics of silicones that have given rise to this large market are considered.
MAIZE DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS: Genes of Morphogenesis (1988)

Article de synthese sur les genes impliques dans la morphogenese chez le mais, les mutations et leur carte genetique
Dealing with the Hidden Node Problem in Multioperator LAA-LTE Scenarios (2018)

LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum bands, based on Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA-LTE), is nowadays considered as an option to increase the capacity of 4G wireless networks. These solutions use a Listen Before Talk (LBT) protocol that enables the eNodeB (eNB) to opportunistically access the medium avoiding collisions from/to other eNBs or Wi-Fi stations. However, the hidden node problem in the context of LAA-LTE networks is a challenge that must be addressed in order to reduce or avoid the degradation of the network. Identifying hidden nodes and understanding the main metrics concerning their behavior will make it possible to take intelligent decisions and to improve the efficiency of LAA. In this work, different LAA-LTE scenarios with hidden nodes are analyzed. The results show that it is possible to detect the presence of hidden nodes by only using CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) metrics, and also that there is a set of metrics associated to hidden nodes that make it feasible to understand why and how much a hidden node degrades the network performance.
Substrate Modification Approach to Achieve Efficient Resolution:  Didesmethylcitalopram:  A Key Intermediate for Escitalopram (2007)

Research work presented here describes an approach to achieve the enantiopure escitalopram (1) via didesmethyl escitalopram (4), which is easily resolvable compared to citalopram (1a) through diastereomeric salt crystallization. The resolved intermediate (didesmethylcitalopram) was subsequently used for the preparation of the desired drug. This simple modification of the substrate makes a remarkable difference in the chemical resolution process. The first resolution of didesmethylcitalopram (±)-4 to furnish (+)-4, a novel key intermediate to assemble escitalopram (1) was achieved via diastereomeric salt resolution using (−)-di-p-toluoyltartaric acid (DPTTA). The resolution conditions were optimized; a key feature of this process is the addition of specific quantity of water at a specific temperature to the reaction mixture.
Glycoinositolphospholipids purified from Trypanosoma cruzi stimulate Ig production in vitro (1996)

We have investigated the effects of glycoinositolphospholipid (GIPL) purified from Trypanosoma cruzi on murine B cell activation. The GIPL neither stimulated any proliferative response by itself, nor affected the blastogenesis induced by surface IgD cross-linking or LPS. On the other hand, the GIPL significantly stimulated both low and high density B cells to secrete IgM in vitro. The GIPL induced B cells to produce IgM when added in the presence of either the surface Ig cross-linker, anti-delta-dextran, or a combination of IL-4 and IL-5. The T. cruzi-derived GIPL also stimulated Ig class switch to IgG1 in cultures stimulated with GIPL, IL-4, and IL-5. The IgG1 secretion was comparable to that induced by LPS plus IL-4. Production of IgG3 was also detected and the GIPL also potentiated the IgG3 production induced by LPS. The stimulatory effect of the T. cruzi-derived GIPL was mediated mainly by its oligosaccharide moiety. This isolated fraction induced a potent IgM secretory response, compared with a much lower response induced by the isolated GIPL ceramide. Taken together, our data suggest that the stimulatory effect of the T. cruzi-derived GIPL on B cell activation could play a role on the conspicuous Ig production observed during infection of the host with T. cruzi.
Low complexity hardware implementation of quantization and CAVLC for H.264 encoder (2014)

H.264 is the advance video coding standard for the compression and distribution of a video content. It has larger complexity in order to satisfy the demand of high quality video at low bit rate. Moreover, it requires the effective implementation of all its internal blocks. In the paper, we focuses on the implementation of two important blocks for H.264 encoder. We propose low complexity design of quantization and Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC). The quantization process is responsible for scaling down the value of transform coefficients. CAVLC is useful for a bit stream generation and it is adopted from the concept of modified Variable Length Coding (VLC) technique. The efficient architectures are designed for quantization and CAVLC blocks to have parallel and pipeline data processing. They are implemented on Virtex 4 XC4VLX40 FPGA family using VHDL. The synthesized results are obtained with Xilinx ISE 14.2 and resource, device utilization and timing analysis are reported. The results are compared with related work that shows the better real time performance of both blocks.
A high-performance semi-supervised learning method for text chunking (2005)

In machine learning, whether one can build a more accurate classifier by using unlabeled data (semi-supervised learning) is an important issue. Although a number of semi-supervised methods have been proposed, their effectiveness on NLP tasks is not always clear. This paper presents a novel semi-supervised method that employs a learning paradigm which we call structural learning. The idea is to find "what good classifiers are like" by learning from thousands of automatically generated auxiliary classification problems on unlabeled data. By doing so, the common predictive structure shared by the multiple classification problems can be discovered, which can then be used to improve performance on the target problem. The method produces performance higher than the previous best results on CoNLL'00 syntactic chunking and CoNLL'03 named entity chunking (English and German).
Low clock-swing conditional-precharge flip-flopfor more than 30% power reduction (2000)

A low clock-swing flip-flop based on a conditional precharge scheme is proposed to save both clock system power and supply power. Unlike previous reduced clock-swing flip-flops, the new flip-flop will not precharge and discharge when the input data do not change. Compared with previous low clock-swing flip-flops, the new flip-flop leads to savings of at least 30% of the total power.
Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia (2008)

Insulin resistance, recently recognized as a strong predictor of disease in adults, has become the leading element of the metabolic syndrome and renewed as a focus of research. The condition exists when insulin levels are higher than expected relative to the level of glucose. Thus, insulin resistance is by definition tethered to hyperinsulinemia. The rising prevalence of medical conditions where insulin resistance is common has energized research into the causes. Many causes and consequences have been identified, but the direct contributions of insulin itself in causing or sustaining insulin resistance have received little sustained attention. We examine situations where insulin itself appears to be a proximate and important quantitative contributor to insulin resistance. 1) Mice transfected with extra copies of the insulin gene produce basal and stimulated insulin levels that are two to four times elevated. The mice are of normal weight but show insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. 2) Somogyi described patients with unusually high doses of insulin and hyperglycemia. Episodes of hypoglycemia with release of glucose-raising hormones, postulated as the culprits in early studies, have largely been excluded by studies including continuous glucose monitoring. 3) Rats and humans treated with escalating doses of insulin show both hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. 4) The pulsatile administration of insulin (rather than continuous) results in reduced requirements for insulin. 5) Many patients with insulinoma who have elevated basal levels of insulin have reduced (but not absent) responsiveness to administered insulin. In summary, hyperinsulinemia is often both a result and a driver of insulin resistance.
History of Tuberculosis (1998)

As centuries and millennia passed, human beings began to live in larger and larger communities, and with this shift came environmental changes that were associated with a change in the delicate balance between humans and the tubercle bacillus. Two alternative theories have been proposed to explain the epidemic spread and subsequent decline of tuberculosis that followed. In the 1700s and early 1800s, tuberculosis prevalence peaked in Western Europe and the United States and was undoubtedly the largest cause of death, and 100 to 200 years later, it had spread in full force to Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America. The epidemic grew over the next two centuries and spread through Western Europe. During this phase of the epidemic, almost all Western Europeans became infected with M. tuberculosis, and about one in four deaths were due to tuberculosis. Army medical officers from Great Britain noted that tuberculosis was unknown in those parts of Africa where European immigration had not occurred. By matching microbial drug susceptibility patterns, one patient with tuberculosis laryngitis was identified as particularly infectious. Modern parallels are presented by microepidemics in poorly ventilated areas, of which few are more dramatic than the one described by Catanzaro just 100 years after Koch's demonstration of the tubercle bacillus.