gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peptide Combinatorial Libraries (2008)

Abstract Peptide libraries, which consist of a few thousands to tens of millions of distinct peptides, can be generated combinatorially through biologic or synthetic approaches. The phage‐display peptide library method is simple and economical, and peptides with various natural protein folds can be generated by this approach; but this biologic method generally is limited to peptides that contain only L‐amino acids. Synthetic combinatorial libraries, however, can accommodate D‐amino acids, unnatural amino acids, and even organic moieties, which makes these approaches highly versatile. These synthetic methods include the spatially addressable parallel library method, the combinatorial library method that requires deconvolution, the one‐bead one‐compound (OBOC) combinatorial library method, the self‐assembled peptide nucleic acid (PNA) encoded chemical microarrays, and the synthetic library method that requires chromatography selection. Various methods to screen these combinatorial libraries have been developed. For example, phage‐display peptide libraries can be screened for the ability of phages to bind to unique immobilized target proteins or whole cells, peptide microarrays can be screened for their ability to interact with fluorescent proteins, combinatorial library methods that require deconvolution can be screened by standard solution‐phase assays, and OBOC libraries can be screened by on‐bead binding or functional assays or several solution‐phase cell‐based or biochemical assays. Combinatorial peptide library methods are enabling technologies that have proven to be very useful in basic research and drug discovery.
Bandwidth scheduling for wide-area ATM networks using virtual finishing times (1996)

The paper is concerned with the design of a class of bandwidth scheduling policies that are suitable for public, wide-area asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. The authors specify design goals for such strategies including ease of implementation and the ability to guarantee minimum bandwidths to individual buffers. Packetized generalized processor sharing is briefly discussed and a minimum bandwidth result for self-clocked fair queueing is given. The authors revisit an approach originally proposed by Zhang (1991) and prove that it is appropriate for ATM. Some novel, related approaches are described and analyzed.
Criteria in the Selection of Simplified Reading Books (1964)

Journal Article Criteria in the Selection of Simplified Reading Books Get access MICHAEL WEST MICHAEL WEST Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ELT Journal, Volume XVIII, Issue 4, July 1964, Pages 146–153, https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/XVIII.4.146 Published: 01 July 1964
Versatile polymer-bound hydrogenation catalysts. Rhodium(I)-catalyzed hydrogenation (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVersatile polymer-bound hydrogenation catalysts. Rhodium(I)-catalyzed hydrogenationNorman L. HolyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 2, 239–243Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01316a018RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views203Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (645 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Adaptive Retina with Center-Surround Receptive Field (1995)

Both vertebrate and invertebrate retinas are highly efficient in extracting contrast independent of the background intensity over five or more decades. This efficiency has been rendered possible by the adaptation of the DC operating point to the background intensity\nwhile maintaining high gain transient responses. The center-surround properties of the retina allows the system to extract information at the edges in the image. This silicon retina models the adaptation properties of the receptors and the antagonistic center-surround properties of the laminar cells of the invertebrate retina and the outer-plexiform layer of the vertebrate retina. We also illustrate\nthe spatio-temporal responses of the silicon retina on moving bars. The chip has 59x64 pixels on a 6.9x6.8 mm^2 die and it is fabricated in 2 µm n-well technology.
The direct thrombin inhibitor hirudin (2008)

This review discusses the pharmacology and clinical applications of hirudin, a bivalent direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI). Besides the current major indication for hirudin--anticoagulation of patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)--the experience with hirudin in other indications, especially acute coronary syndromes, are briefly presented. Hirudins have been formally studied prior to their regulatory approval; however, important information on their side effects and relevant preventative measures only became available later. Therefore, current recommendations and dosing schedules for hirudin differ considerably from the information given in the package inserts. Drawbacks of hirudin and important precautions for avoiding potential adverse effects are discussed in detail in the third part of this review.
Ex-situ programming in a neuromorphic memristor based crossbar circuit (2015)

This paper discusses a feedback programming method for a high density crossbar. This programming technique is capable of operating without the use of any transistor or diode isolation at the memristor crosspoints. A series of reads is applied to the crossbar before each write that is able to determine the resistance of each memristor in the crossbar despite the many parallel resistance paths. This is essential because the variation observed in memristor crossbars makes programming very difficult when using just a single write pulse without error checking. The programming method is then used to program a neuromorphic crossbar. Results show successful ex-situ training of a high density crossbar with significant area savings when compared to a one transistor one memristor (1T1M) design. A comparison between different crossbar designs is performed relative to the A-to-D complexity required to program each circuit for a varying device resistance ratio and programming precision.
Repair of Perforating Internal Resorption with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Case Report (2003)

A case of internal resorption with buccal perforation was found in a maxillary central incisor. Because of the extensive lesion and continuous exudation, surgical intervention was used. The apical third was obturated with gutta-percha, and the perforated lesion was repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate. The residual canal space was filled by thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique, and the coronal cavity was restored with composite resin. The symptoms and signs ceased, and the results were satisfactory at 1-year follow-up.
Gram-Schmidt algorithms for covariance propagation† (1977)

Abstract This paper addresses the time propagation of triangular covariance factors. Attention is focused on the square-root free factorization, P =:UDUT , where U is unit upper triangular and D is diagonal. An efficient and reliable algorithm for U-D propagation is derived which employs Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. Partitioning the state vector to distinguish bias and coloured process noise parameters increases mapping efficiency. Cost comparisons of the U-D, Schmidt square-root covariance and conventional covariance propagation methods are made using weighted arithmetic operation counts. The U-D time update is shown to be less costly than the Schmidt method ; and, except in unusual circumstances, it is within 20% of the cost of conventional propagation.
Review of: Social Trust and the Management of Risk (George Cvetkovich &Ragnar E. Loftstedt, eds.) (2001)

Review of the book: Social Trust and the Management of Risk (George Cvetkovich & Ragnar E. Löfstedt, eds., Earthscan Publications Ltd. 1999). Tables, Figures, and Boxes, Acronyms and Abbreviations, Forward, Preface, Introduction, References, Index. ISBN 1-85383-604-4 [196 pp. $25.00. Paperback, 120 Pentonville Road, London, NI 9JN UK].
Low-noise and wideband hot-electron superconductive mixers for THz frequencies (2002)

Superconductive hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers have been built and tested in the frequency range 1.1-2.5 THz. The mixer device is a 0.15-03 /spl mu/m microbridge made from a 10 nm thick Nb film. This device employs diffusion as a cooling mechanism for hot electrons. The double sideband noise temperature was measured to be /spl les/3000 K at 2.5 THz and the mixer IF bandwidth is /spl ap/9-10 GHz for a 0.1 /spl mu/m long device. The local oscillator (LO) power dissipated in the HEB microbridge was 20-100 nW. Further improvement of the mixer characteristics can be potentially achieved by using Al microbridges. The advantages and parameters of such devices are evaluated The HEB mixer Is a primary candidate for ground based, airborne and spaceborne heterodyne instruments at THz frequencies. HEB receivers are planned for use on the NASA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) and the ESA Far Infrared and Submillimeter Space Telescope (FIRST). The prospects of a submicron-size YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// (YBCO) HEB are also discussed. The expected LO power of 1-10 /spl mu/W and SSB noise temperature of /spl ap/2000 K may make this mixer attractive for various remote sensing applications.
Activated eosinophils evoke chloride secretion in model intestinal epithelia primarily via regulated release of 5'-AMP. (1993)

Eosinophils may be prominent in intestinal diseases including allergic gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, enteritis associated with hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES), and parasitic diseases. Unlike normal blood eosinophils, those that circulate in HES and those that infiltrate inflamed tissue exhibit an "activated" phenotype. To model intestinal epithelial-eosinophil interactions, we used peripheral blood eosinophils and human crypt-like T84 epithelial cell-line monolayers. Eosinophils from normal, mildly atopic donors, only if activated by PMA or primed with granulocyte-macrophage-CSF for 48 h, as well as eosinophils from HES patients elicited a short circuit current when applied apically to T84 monolayers. This eosinophil-derived bioactivity, which was transferable in cell-free supernatants and in < 1000 m.w. ultrafiltrates, stimulated electrogenic Cl- secretion, as indicated by inhibition with basolateral bumetanide or gluconate substitution and by enhancement of the rate constant for 125I efflux from preloaded T84 cells. This secretagogue activity was blocked in both intact activated eosinophils and in eosinophil-conditioned supernatants, by 8-phenyl-theophylline, indicating involvement of an adenosine receptor. Ion exchange and reversed-phase HPLC analyses demonstrated that eosinophil supernatant ultrafiltrates contained elevated levels of 5'-AMP that was converted to adenosine after incubation with epithelium. Inhibition of epithelial apical membrane ecto-5'-nucleotidase ablated the conversion to adenosine. These studies establish that activated eosinophils elicit Cl- secretion from intestinal epithelial and that 5'-AMP released by eosinophils followed by its conversion to adenosine at the epithelial surface is the basis for this response.
Wideband vertical transitions in Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (2000)

Two vertical transitions in Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic packages are presented: a stripline to stripline transition and a coplanar waveguide to stripline transition. The vertical transitions are examined in order to determine their usefulness as building blocks for multilayer packages for Local Multipoint Communication Systems circuits. The use of a quarter-wave transformer in tuning the coplanar waveguide to stripline transition is demonstrated and discussed. The simulated results show that both transitions are valid for packages designed for 30 GHz circuits.
Crystalline forms in a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene (52/48 mol %) (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystalline forms in a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene (52/48 mol %)Andrew J. Lovinger, G. T. Davis, T. Furukawa, and M. G. BroadhurstCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 2, 323–328Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00230a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00230a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views723Altmetric-Citations186LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ultra-low loss, ultra-large Aeff optical fibers for undersea networks (2016)

Silica core optical fiber technology enabled a distinct class of ultra-low attenuation optical fibers (record is 0.1460 dB/km). Large effective area (≥150 µm2) silica core fibers became the solution of choice in the high capacity undersea communication systems.
Micro-fluidic silicon cooling devices for particle tracking detectors (2014)

In the last years the Detector Technology group (PH-DT) [1] of the CERN Physics Department in Geneva, Switzerland, has started the study of novel micro-fluidic cooling systems obtained through standard micro-fabrication processes that outperform traditional cooling approaches for the thermal management of silicon particle detectors. The fabrication of the cooling devices starts with the etching of the microchannels in a silicon wafer; the channels are then closed with another silicon wafer through a direct bonding process. The devices are then interfaced to the front-end electronics of the detector via a thin adhesive layer. Silicon cooling devices with thickness of the order of few hundred microns guarantee the desired minimization of material in front of the tracking sensors and eliminate mechanical stresses due to the mismatch of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) between the sensor and its related electronics. Combining the versatility of standard micro-fabrication processes with the high thermal efficiency typical of micro-fluidics, it is possible to produce effective thermal management devices that are well adapted to very different detector configurations.
Disc Electrophoresis of Extracts from the Taste Buds Located in Circumvallate Papillae of Rat Tongues (1973)

The epithelium of the circumvallate papillae of rat tongues was stripped off by treatment with 0.005% elastase in a state when many taste buds were present. The taste buds were isolated from the stripped epithelium by further treatment with 0.005% elastase and 0.08% trypsin. A protein which was thought to be characteristic of taste buds was found from semimicro disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic studies of the stripped epithelia with and without taste buds. This result was supported by micro disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic studies of isolated taste buds.
DnaK, hsp73, and their molten globules. Two different ways heat shock proteins respond to heat. (1992)

The thermal stability of bovine brain hsp73, Escherichia coli DnaK, and its mutant T199A was studied by a combination of spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. DnaK undergoes a temperature-induced conformational change that leads to the formation of a molten globule at physiologically relevant temperatures (midpoint of the transition, tm, 41 degrees C). Native DnaK binds to a denatured form of alpha-lactalbumin in a temperature-dependent manner with maximum rate at about 40 degrees C. The molten globule of DnaK is unable to bind denatured alpha-lactalbumin but recovers native structure and activity upon cooling. The half-life of the refolding process is 10 min at 35 degrees C. Mg/ATP and Mg/ADP increase the thermal stability of DnaK; in the presence of these nucleotides the tm is shifted to 59 degrees C. Binding of Mg/ATP (but not Mg/ADP or Mg/adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate) causes a conformational change in DnaK as determined by the emission fluorescence spectrum. The DnaK mutant T199A which lacks the threonine residue that is essential for ATP hydrolysis and autophosphorylation activity (McCarty, J. S., and Walker, G. C. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88, 9513-9517) shows nearly identical properties to the wild type in the presence or absence of nucleotides. Hsp73 undergoes similar temperature-induced transitions as determined by spectroscopic methods (Palleros, D.R., Welch, W.J., and Fink, A.L. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 5719-5723); however, contrary to DnaK, the molten globule of hsp73 irreversibly aggregates at temperatures higher than its tm (42 degrees C).
Molecular cloning, expression and tissue distribution of glial‐cell‐line‐derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α‐3 (GFRα‐3) (1998)

Neurturin and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promote the survival and maintenance of different types of neuronal cells and signal through a receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit, either GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRalpha-1) or alpha-2 (GFRalpha-2), together with the cRET membrane-bound protein tyrosine kinase. We have cloned GFRalpha-3, a novel receptor belonging to the GFRalpha family, that is 35% identical by amino acid sequence to both GFRalpha-1 and GFRalpha-2. GFRalpha-3 is a protein composed of 400 amino acid residues with three potential N-linked glycosylation sites together with the features characteristic of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein. The heterologous expression of a FLAG-tagged GFRalpha-3 in human embryonic kidney cells showed that the protein is bound to the cell surface via a glycosyl-PtdIns anchor and is glycosylated, with different glycoforms migrating on SDS/PAGE with apparent molecular masses ranging over 43-62 kDa. The gene for GFRalpha-3 was mapped to human chromosome 5 in a region (q31.1-q31.3) where several disease loci, growth factor and growth factor receptor genes have been localized. Using northern blot analysis or reverse-transcription PCR, GFRalpha-3 was shown to be expressed within the nervous system predominantly in the cerebellum and the spinal cord while in peripheral tissues GFRalpha-3 was found to be expressed mostly in the colon, small intestine, pancreas, heart, testis and prostate. Using a GFRalpha-3-specific [35S]cRNA[gammaS] probe, in situ hybridization histochemistry experiments confirmed the expression in the cerebellum.
A Comparison Between Chebyshev and Ultraspherical Expansions (1978)

This paper examines the norms of the projections from C[−1, 1] to PM[−1, 1] which are obtained by truncating Chebyshev and ultraspherical expansions after n terms. The norms are evaluated numerically for n = 1, 2, 3 , … , 10 and −0.1 ≤ α ≤ 5 where the ultraspherical weight function is (1 − x2)x−½. In particular the data show that the norm of the Chebyshev projection is not the smallest in this range for 1 ≤ n ≤ 10.
An improved method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure amino acid ester isocyanates (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn improved method for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure amino acid ester isocyanatesJames S. Nowick, Noel A. Powell, Tram M. Nguyen, and Glenn NoronhaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 26, 7364–7366Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00052a069https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00052a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1716Altmetric-Citations143LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pharmacokinetic evaluation in man of terbutaline given as separate enantiomers and as the racemate. (1989)

1. The pharmacokinetics of the two enantiomers of terbutaline, (+)T and (-)T, and the racemate (+/-)T, have been evaluated after single intravenous and oral dosage to six healthy volunteers. 2. The mean systemic clearance, CL, was 0.19 and 0.13 l h-1 kg-1 for (+)T and (-)T, respectively. This difference was statistically significant. The mean clearance of (+/-)T was 0.20 l h-1 kg-1. Volumes of distribution were similar (1.9 l kg-1) after the three intravenous administrations. The differences in CL were reflected in values of the elimination half-life and MRT. 3. The difference in CL of the isomers could be explained by a corresponding difference in their renal clearance, CLR. Competition for stereoselective active reabsorption in the tubule might explain why (+)T seemed to enhance the CLR of (-)T when the drug was given as the racemate. 4. Oral bioavailability, calculated from plasma data, of (+)T was 7.5% and that of (-)T was 14.8%. This difference was statistically significant and was mainly due to a difference in absorption of (+)T and (-)T, but also to a difference in their subsequent first-pass metabolism. The bioavailability of (+/-)T was similar to that of (-)T. 5. (-)T appears to govern the absorption properties of the racemate, while (+)T determines its elimination behaviour. Systemic metabolism of the two enantiomers was similar and, therefore, a greater first-pass metabolism of (+)T would reflect a higher capacity of the gut wall to metabolise this isomer.