gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Polyethylene Glycol Electrolyte Lavage Solution and Sodium Picosulfate Combined Pretreatment Method for Colonoscopy. (1992)

As compared to a conventional PEG method, PEG-SP combined method required a less amount of PEG solution to be taken with a reduced pain of the patient involved, allowing a shortened time for examination.
A Sketch-Based Gesture Interface for Rough 3D Stick Figure Animation (2005)

This paper introduces a novel gesture interface for sketching out rough 3D stick figure animation. This interface can allow users to draw stick figures with the system automatic assistance in figure proportion control. Given a 2D hand-drawn stick figure under a parallel view, there is a challenge to reconstruct a unique 3D pose from a set of candidates. Our system utilizes figure perspective rendering, and introduces the concept of thickness contrast as a sketch gesture combined with some other constraints/assumptions for pose recovery. The resulting pose can be further corrected, based on physical constraints of human body. Once obtaining a series of 3D stick figure poses, user can easily sketch out motion paths and timing, and add their preferable sound/background. The resulting 3D animation can be automatically synthesized in VRML. This system has been tested on a variety of input devices: electric whiteboard, tablet PC, as well as a standard mouse.
A New Approach to the Analysis of Deviated Rod-Pumped Wells (1994)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the derivation and numerical solutions of a 3D dynamic model for analyzing the behavior of sucker-rod pumping installations in deviated wells. Using differential geometry and variational methods, the rod dynamics in deviated wells is presented by the set of six coupled differential equations with their boundary conditions. The paper describes the fundamental assumptions and simplifications which can be used in the numerical solution. A computer program based on the model is developed and applied to determine the downhole conditions and to predict the rod behavior in the deviated well. A number of wells are examined. Good Agreement is shown by comparing the computed results with the field measurements.
The Impact of Hydrogen Fuel Contaminates on Long-Term PMFC Performance (2006)

We have studied the effects of H2S and fuel impurity mixtures on hydrogen polymer fuel cell performance. The tests included a range of H2S concentrations, exposure times, and multiple impurity mixtures at various operating conditions such as cell voltage and times of exposure. Analytical methods included fuel cell polarization experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and effluent water and gas analysis using specific ion sensor probes. H2S concentrations as low as 10 ppb, produced negative effects on fuel cell performance. The extent of sulfur poisoning of the anodes was also shown to be a strong function of fuel cell operating voltage during H2S exposure.
Stability of Tailless Aeroplanes (1945)

THE complexity of the problems which are associated with the lateral stability and directional control of tailless aeroplanes was not realized until rather late.
Über 1.2‐Dithia‐cyclopentene, XVIII<sup>1)</sup> 3‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐pyrazolinone‐(5) aus 5‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐1.2‐dithiacyclopentenonen‐(3) (1970)

Abstract 3‐Amino‐4‐aryl‐pyrazolinone‐(5) 5 ‐ 7 sind aus 5‐Amino‐ 4 ‐aryl‐1.2‐dithia‐cyclopentenonen‐(3) 1 über Thiomalonsäure‐Derivate 2 bzw. 3 zugänglich. Aus 3 und Phenylhydrazin entsteht 4 , dessen Ringschluß Struktur 5 beweist.
Seismic repeatability, normalized rms, and predictability (2002)

Time-lapse data are increasingly used to study production-induced changes in the seismic response of a reservoir as part of a reservoir management program. However, residual differences in the repeated time-lapse data that are independent of changes in the subsurface geology impact the effectiveness of the method. These differences depend on many factors such as signature control, streamer positioning, and recording fidelity differences between the two surveys. Such factors may be regarded as contributing to the time-lapse noise and any effort designed to improve the time-lapse signal-to-noise ratio must address the quantifiable repeatability of the seismic survey.
Ferroelectric liquid crystals. (1989)

Following an introduction to ferroelectric liquid crystal displays of Clark-Lagerwall type, an explanation is given to the effects of binary mixing on several properties, i.e. eutectic phenomena, phase sequences, the sign of spontaneous polarization and the handedness of helicoidal structure. Actual mixtures are introduced in view of obtaining a high speed response. The importance of avoiding the twisted states of director and the chevron structure of smectic layer is emphasized to attain high contrast with enough brightness. Finally, the tristable switching, recently observed in a group of materials, is explained and its usefulness is insisted.
CpG Oligonucleotides with Modified Termini and Nicked Dumbbell Structure Show Enhanced Immunostimulatory Activity (2003)

A series of 21 phosphodiester oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing the core sequence 5'-GACGTT-3' or related control sequences were prepared and tested for their immunostimulatory effect on murine macrophages. The range of structural modifications tested included substituents at 3'- or 5'-termini, N3-methylation of thymidine residues, and hexaethylene glycol linkers favoring nicked or cyclic dumbbell duplexes. Lipophilic and cationic substituents at the termini failed to increase the release of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide, but two new types of modification were found that enhance the stimulation of RAW264.7 macrophages. One is the substitution of the 5'-terminal hydroxyl group with an amino group, and the other is the introduction of linkers favoring nicked duplexes. Even for sequences without linkers, UV-melting analysis and two-dimensional NMR showed that the core sequence 5'-GACGTT-3' readily forms a duplex. The cyclic derivative of the most active nicked dumbbell sequence is inactive, however. Together these results suggest a recognition of both the 5'-terminus and the core of the CpG oligonucleotides by the putative receptor(s) and provide an entry into a class of modified oligonucleotides whose activity rivals that of phosphorothioates, but consists of synthetic compounds that are single stereoisomers.
Magnetic Field Confinement of Laser Irradiated Solid Particle Plasmas (1970)

Laser irradiation of a small solid particle of lithium hydride in vacuum results in the generation of a spherically symmetric, isolated, highly ionized plasma. Experimental studies with such plasmas formed within mirror and minimum-B magnetic field up to 8 kG show that the expanding plasma can be captured by the magnetic field and the expansion kinetic energy thermalized, in agreement with a simple magnetohydrodynamic model of the plasma-magnetic field interaction. In the experiments, the major plasma loss occurs through the mirror loss cones, and mass spectrometer measurements show rapid escape of the highly ionized lithium followed by a more gradual decay of hydrogen indicating a scattering mechanism for the plasma decay. Plasmas with densities of 3 × 1013 cm−3 at temperatures of 100 eV are confined for lifetimes up to 150 μsec in a minimum-B field compared with the 0.3 μsec lifetime associated with the free plasma expansion. Both the magnitude and the temperature dependence of the plasma decay from a minimum-B containment field are consistent with plasma loss by Coulomb collisional scattering into the magnetic field loss cones.
A tutorial on confidence intervals for proportions in diagnostic radiology. (1990)

A tutorial on confidence intervals for proportions in diagnostic radiology.C C BerryAudio Available | Share
Unit-Generator Implementation on the NeXT DSP Chip. (1989)

The Motorola DSP56001 is a state-of-the-art digital signal processing chip that can execute (with the clock at 25 MHz) 12.5 million instructions per second and, in a single instruction, can perform a 24 by 24-bit multiply, a 48 plus 56-bit addition, two parallel data moves, an instruction fetch and decode, and two general index updates. The 24-bit data paths and computational architecture make the DSP56001 exceptionally well suited for real-time digital audio synthesis.
Defocus Map Estimation From a Single Image Based on Two-Parameter Defocus Model (2016)

Defocus map estimation (DME) is highly important in many computer vision applications. Nearly, all existing approaches for DME from a single image are based on a one-parameter defocus model, which does not allow for the variation of depth over edges. In this paper, a novel two-parameter model of defocused edges is proposed for DME from a single image. We can estimate the defocus amounts for each side of the edges through this proposed model, and the confidence that the edge is a pattern edge, where the depth remains the same over the edge, can be generated. Then, we modify the TV-L1 algorithm for structure-texture decomposition by taking advantage of this confidence to eliminate pattern edges while preserving structural ones. Finally, the defocus amounts estimated at the edge positions are used as initial values, and the structure component is employed as a guidance in the following Laplacian matting procedure to avoid the influence of pattern edges on the final defocus map. Experiment results show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate the influence of pattern edges compared with the state-of-art method. Furthermore, the estimated defocus map is feasible in applications of depth estimation and foreground/background segmentation.
Equivalences among Relational Expressions (1979)

Many database queries can be formulated in terms of expressions whose operands represent tables of information (relations) and whose operators are the relational operations select, project, and join. This paper studies the equivalence problem for these relational expressions, with expression optimization in mind. A matrix, called a tableau, is proposed as a natural representative for the value of an expression. It is shown how tableaux can be made to reflect functional dependencies among attributes. A polynomial time algorithm is presented for the equivalence of tableaux that correspond to an important subset of expressions, although the equivalence problem is shown to be NP-complete under slightly more general circumstances.
Titanium Alpha Case Prevention (2010)

In an effort to more accurately predict diffusion kinetics of oxygen into titanium during heat-treatment, the Wyman-Gordon Company commissioned this study to obtain an accurate rate of alpha case formation within titanium and to investigate the use of coatings to reduce alpha case formation. This project consisted of heat-treating Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V ELI samples that were uncoated, coated with an SJ, and SJ advanced coating over a period of time consistent with their heat-treatment cycle. These samples were analyzed through optical microscopy and microhardness to determine alpha case depth. The project concluded with a cost analysis, which aimed to find the most economic and optimal solution to reducing alpha case formation.
A Flexible Approach to Service Management-Related Service Description in SOAs (2007)

In order for service-oriented architectures (SOAs) to deliver their true value for the business, e.g. flexibility and transparency, a holistic service management needs to be set up in the enterprise. To perform all the service management tasks efficiently heavy support by automated processes and tools is necessary. This article describes a service description approach that is based on OWL-S (Web Ontology Language for Services) and focuses on nonfunctional criteria. It starts with the necessary service management tasks and explains non-functional data elements and statements for its automated support. After covering related work it explains the proposed flexible extension to OWL-S. This extension is twofold. Firstly, simple service lifecycle elements are added using the normal extension mechanism. Secondly for adding QoS (Quality of Service) capabilities, the approach combines this extension mechanism with UML (Unified Modeling Language) Profile for QoS. A prototype delivers the proof-of-concept.
Probability-Based Decision Making for Automated Highway Driving (1991)

Real-time, rule-based guidance systems for autonomous vehicles on limited-access highways are investigated. The goal of these systems is to plan trajectories that are safe while satisfying the driver's requests based on stochastic information about the vehicle state and the surrounding traffic. A rule-based system is used for high-level planning. Given a stochastic model of the traffic situation driven by current measurements, the probable evolution of traffic and the best trajectory to follow are predicted. Simulation results assess the impact of uncertain knowledge of traffic on the performance of the guidance system, showing that uncertainty can and must be taken into account.
Optimal age of the donor graft tissue in relation to cultured pearl phenotypes in the mollusc, Pinctada margaritifera (2018)

Ageing is defined as the progressive decline in tissue and organ functions over time. This study aims to evaluate the ageing effect on cultured pearl quality phenotypes (including size and quality traits) in the graft-recipient animal model: Pinctada margaritifera. For this, eight uniform grafting experiments were designed using two hatchery-produced pearl oyster families as donors, which were followed through time, between 7 and 30 months in age. For each age category, 20 donors were studied for each culture site giving a total of 2400 grafted oysters. Several phenotypic measurements were made: 1) donor family growth performance from shell size records, 2) pearl size and corresponding quality traits, and 3) expression of some genes related to biomineralization processes on both the mantle graft and on pearl sac tissues. Results showed that: 1) donor age has an impact on pearl size, with grafts coming from the youngest donors yielding the biggest pearls; and 2) grafts from donors between 12 and 18 months in age produced pearls of the highest quality (grade and surface quality), a result supported by an analysis where the level of expression for a panel of genes associated with biomineralization was greatest in donors within the 12 to 18 months age group. These results indicate that donors aged between 12 and 18 months have high potential for biomineralisation and nacre deposition, and likely produce larger and higher quality cultured pearls than older donors.
Effects of mycophenolic acid on IL-6 expression of human renal proximal and distal tubular cells in vitro (2003)

In this study we demonstrated for the first time an inhibitory effect of MPA on the stimulated IL-6 expression of renal tubular epithelial cells. In contrast to older data, which showed a synergistic upregulation of the expression of a CC-chemokine by a combination of cytokines and MPA, in the present study we could demonstrate an immunosuppressive effect of MPA on the expression of an important cytokine.
Pristane-induced arthritis in rats: a new model for rheumatoid arthritis with a chronic disease course influenced by both major histocompatibility complex and non-major histocompatibility complex genes. (1996)

We present a novel animal model for rheumatoid arthritis induced with a well defined synthetic adjuvant oil, pristane. Two weeks after a single intradermal injection of 150 microliters of pristane, the rats developed severe and chronic arthritis. The inflammation was restricted to the joints and involved pannus formation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression, and T lymphocyte infiltration. The initial development as well as the chronic stage of pristane-induced arthritis was ameliorated by treatment with antibodies to the alpha beta-T-cell receptor showing that the disease is T cell dependent. Increased levels of interleukin in serum was seen after pristane injection but not during the chronic stage of arthritis. Joint erosions were accompanied by elevated serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Comparison of MHC congenic LEW strains showed that the severity and chronicity of arthritis varied among the different MHC haplotypes. Rats with RT1f haplotype showed a significantly higher susceptibility to pristane-induced arthritis. A strong influence of non-MHC genes was also suggested by the variability of arthritis susceptibility among different strains with the same MHC haplotype; the most susceptible background was the DA and the least susceptible was the E3. Arthritis induced with a well defined nonimmunogenic adjuvant, with a disease course that closely resembles that of rheumatoid arthritis, makes a suitable animal model for future studies of the pathology and genetics of rheumatoid arthritis.
Observation of collagen fiber structure in dermis tissue by a second-harmonic-generation microscope (2005)

Second-harmonic-generation (SHG) microscope is applied to observe collagen fiber structure in porcine dermis and mouse tendon. Difference of collagen fiber structure among different samples is clearly visualized as high contrast SHG images using a sample-scanning SHG microscope based on a transmission configuration. From comparison of the SHG image between a transmission detection mode and a reflection one, we confirm that the reflection-mode SHG imaging is also useful to observe the collagen fiber structure in the porcine dermis. Finally, we applied a laser-scanning confocal SHG microscope to optical-sectioning SHG imaging of the thick porcine dermis every 10-μm depth and confirmed that the collagen fiber structure in the dermis is spatially evolved along the depth direction. The proposed method will be a powerful tool for in vivo measurement of human dermis to monitor skin diseases and cosmetics.
Solution‐Processed Antimony Selenide Heterojunction Solar Cells (2014)

Sb2Se3 is introduced as the absorber layer for thin film photovoltaics because of its very attractive material, optical, and electrical properties. High quality Sb2Se3 films are produced using a hydrazine solution process, and a heterojunction TiO2/Sb2Se3 solar cell achieving 2.26% efficiency with an impressive high open circuit voltage of 0.52 V is reported.
Utilization of fungi for biotreatment of raw wastewaters (2003)

Fungal biomasses are capable of treating metal-contaminated effluents with efficiencies several orders of magnitude superior to activated carbon (F-400) or the industrial resin Dowex-50. Additionally, fungal biomasses are susceptible to engineering improvements and regeneration of their capabilities. With regard to organic pollutants, excessive nutrients and dyes, fungi can remove them from wastewaters, leading to a decrease in their toxicities. However, the detoxification rates seem to be dependent on media and culture conditions. The postreatement by anaerobic bioprocesses of effluents that have been pretreated with fungi can lead to higher biogas than the original effluents. In addition to the degradation of organic pollutants, fungi produce added-value products such as enzymes (LiP, MnP, Lacc, amylase, etc.) and single-cell protein (SCP). Most research on fungal capacities to purify polluted effluents has been performed on a laboratory scale, hence there is a need to extend such research to pilot scale and to apply it to industrial processes.   Key words: Wastewaters, effluents, fungi, biodegradation, biosorption, decolourisation, value-added treatment.
An OpenID Provider Based on SSL Smart Cards (2010)

This innovative demonstration shows strong authentication (without password) for OPENID, according to a plug and play paradigm, based on SSL smart cards. It presents two user experiences, a plug and play strong authentication with real OpenID WEB sites, and remote identity management by an original identity server compatible with SSL smart cards.
Cuestiones de administración local. Endeudamiento local. Operaciones de crédito y de tesorería (2006)

Enunciado 
Dada su precaria situacion economica, tonica habitual desgraciadamente en buena parte de nuestras entidades locales, el Ayuntamiento de XXXX se ha visto obligado a acudir al credito tanto para paliar el deficit transitorio de tesoreria como para financiar las inversiones realizadas en el ano 2006. 
A este respecto, en el ejercicio se han llevado a cabo las siguientes actuaciones: 
a) El dia 7 de enero, ante la necesidad de hacer frente a unos compromisos de pago ineludibles, se formaliza una operacion de tesoreria (poliza) con la entidad bancaria A por un importe de 60.000 u.m. No habiendose aprobado definitivamente el presupuesto para el ano 2006, el dia 1 de enero se prorrogo automaticamente el presupuesto del ejercicio 2005. El dia 8 de enero se dispone en su totalidad de la poliza contratada. 
b) En el mes de febrero, ya aprobado y en vigor el presupuesto para el ejercicio en curso, el siniestro fortuito de la grua municipal obliga a la adquisicion de un nuevo vehiculo, gasto no previsto, logicamente, en el anexo de inversiones del presupuesto. La adquisicion, que importa 80.000 u.m., se financia ante la insuficiencia de otros posibles recursos mediante un prestamo a concertar con la entidad bancaria B. 
c) Ante la actual coyuntura economica, caracterizada por la bajada de tipos de interes, el Sr. Concejal-Delegado de Hacienda plantea la posibilidad de refinanciar las operaciones de credito existentes. 
d) La liquidacion del presupuesto del ano 2005, aprobada con notable retraso en el mes de octubre, determina un remanente de tesoreria negativo de 34.500 u.m. 
Datos de interes: 
Recursos ordinarios presupuesto 2005: 685.000 u.m. 
Recursos ordinarios presupuesto 2006: 750.000 u.m.
High-sensitivity high-dynamic digital CMOS imager (2001)

CMOS image sensors offer over the standard and ubiquitous charge-coupled devices several advantages, in terms of power consumption, miniaturization, on-chip integration of analog- to-digital converters and signal processing for dedicated functionality. Due to the typically higher readout noise of CMOS cameras compared to CCD cameras applications demanding ultimate sensitivity were so far not accessible to CMOS cameras. This paper present an analysis of major noise sources, concepts to reduce them, and results obtained ona single chip digital camera with a QCIF resolution of 144 by 176 pixels and a dynamic range in excess of 120 dB.