gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on reverse transcriptase activity in HIV-1 infected lymphocytes and monocytes (1992)

The majority of infants born to HIV-positive mothers are not infected in utero, suggesting that the pregnancy factors produced by fetal trophoblasts may provide protection against HIV-1 infection. Except for steroid female hormones, little is know of other pregnancy factors that may regulate either resistance or susceptibility to HIV-1. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) — the major glycoprotein produced by the placental trophoblast throughout the pregnancy — was tested on reverse transcriptase activity in HIV-infected ACH-2 lymphocytes and U1 monocytes. The results suggest that low non-cytotoxic doses of hCG (0.01–1.0 IU range) may inhibit viral replication in maternal blood cells.
The role of arginyl residues in estrogen receptor activation and transformation. (1983)

Receptor-estradiol complexes (RE2) formed at 0 degree C in hypotonic buffers bind poorly to nuclei (nonactivated state); their sedimentation coefficient in low or high salt sucrose density gradients (SDG) is 8 S or 4 S, respectively (untransformed state); estradiol dissociates from untransformed RE2 at a high rate (k-1 = 0.44 min-1). Brief heating (28 degrees C, 30 min) induces activation (increased binding of RE2 to nuclei and polyanions), transformation (formation of receptor dimers which sediment at 6 S in 0.4 M KCl/borate SDG) and RE2 transition into a state from which E2 dissociates at a lower rate (k-2 = 8 X 10(-3) min-1). We have examined the role of arginyl residues in the above changes in receptor properties. It is well established (Patthy, L., and Smith, E. L. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 557-564; 565-569) that 1,2-cyclohexanedione (1,2-CHD) is a highly specific arginine-modifying agent; in borate buffer at 28 degrees C, but not at 0 degrees C, peptide arginyls are covalently modified. RE2 complexes heated in the presence of 1,2-CHD (50 mM) bind poorly to nuclei; 1,4-cyclohexamedione and 1,2-cyclohexanediol had no effect. This reagent also prevents the temperature-induced transition of RE2 into a state with slow E2 dissociation rates although it does not interfere with heat transformation (formation of 6 S dimer). Modification of heat-activated and transformed RE2 by 1,2-CHD causes a loss in receptor binding to nuclei and alters RE2 from a state with slow into a state with fast E2 dissociation rates, although the receptor remains unaltered in the transformed 6 S state. At 0 degree C, i.e. in the absence of covalent arginyl modification, 1,2-CHD promotes dissociation of the 8 S aggregate into 4.6 S subunits which bind to nuclei to the same extent as heat-transformed control RE2. Heating of the molybdate-stabilized 8 S receptor in the presence of 1,2-CHD yields a nonactivated 8 S receptor (4.6 S on high salt SDG); removal of molybdate and unreacted 1,2-CHD by gel filtration at 0 degree C followed by exposure to high ionic strength causes 8 S to 4 S dissociation; these 4 S subunits, however, do not bind to nuclei, suggesting that their nucleotropic domain was accessible to 1,2-CHD modification while the receptor was in the aggregated 8 S state. It is proposed that the nuclear binding site of the estrogen receptor contains arginyl residues. Furthermore, a distinct set of arginyl residues appears to be related to the estrogen-binding domain; its integrity is required for the heat-induced formation and maintenance of the RE2 state with slow E2 dissociation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Inhibition of Human Telomerase by Rubromycins:  Implication of Spiroketal System of the Compounds as an Active Moiety (2000)

We found that a group of rubromycins and their analogues, a class of quinone antibiotics that possesses benzofuran and benzodipyran rings to form a spiroketal system, strongly inhibited human telomerase as assessed with a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol. beta- and gamma-Rubromycins and purpuromycin appeared to be the most potent telomerase inhibitors, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) of about 3 microM, and griseorhodins A and C also showed comparable potencies for the inhibition (IC(50) = 6-12 microM). In contrast, opening of the spiroketal system of beta-rubromycin, giving rise to alpha-rubromycin, substantially decreased its inhibitory potency toward telomerase (IC(50) > 200 microM), indicating the essential role of the spiroketal system in telomerase inhibition. A kinetic study of the inhibition by beta-rubromycin revealed a competitive interaction with respect to the telomerase substrate primer, with a K(i) of 0.74 microM, whereas a mixed type inhibition was observed with respect to the nucleotide substrate. beta-Rubromycin was also potent in inhibiting retroviral reverse transcriptases but had virtually no effect on other DNA/RNA-modifying enzymes including DNA and RNA polymerases, deoxyribonuclease, and topoisomerase. Although beta-rubromycin showed nonspecific cytotoxicities, reducing proliferation of cancer cells (IC(50) approximately 20 microM), we conclude that beta-rubromycin appears to be a lead structure for the development of more potent and selective inhibitors of human telomerase.
Molecular-based chiroptical dipole switches (2001)

A series of structurally varied organic molecular switches have been prepared and their switching behavior examined. For thermally active compounds, the switching rates have been extracted from variable temperature NMR experiments and simulation studies. Additionally, chromophores have been incorporated for optical activation of thermally stable switches. Supramolecular architectures for constructing optoelectronic devices are also described.
Excavations in the valley of Tumbes, Peru (1961)

The University of Tokyo Scientific Expedition to the Andes was sent to South America in 1958 to carry out a general survey in Peru and Bolivia. Small scale excavations at Garbanzal near Tumbes City turned out to be very interesting. Many objects, dishes, bowles, goblets and jars so far unknown to the Peruvian archeology, which suggest the relationship with those of the northern Andes, were discovered, and a goblet with a high leg has an evident similarity with that of Guangala, Ecuador. Carbon analysis applied to the fragmentary wood revealed the date to be 1740 B. P.±70, which is consistent with the date of Guangala estimated by Estrada (1958). We published the results obtained in Andes, the Report of the University of Tokyo Scientific Expedition to the Andes in 1958.A group of our Second Expedition in 1960 digged new pits at Garbanzal and also at Pechiche nearby to examine the stratigraphic contex of the Garbanzal culture. Archeological sites of Pechiche showed good stratigraphy, the excavation of which confirmed us the existence of something like a dwelling bed at a depth of 70 centimeters, a stratum of yellow clay lower than 180 centimeters well discriminative from the upper layer, and a virgin soil. Vessel shards of Garbanzal type (Fig. 2, 3, 10) were unearthed from the layer above the 180 centimeter level, while the lower layer yielded different and more artistic types of ceramics : a black bowl with anthropomorphic face representing a left half of it, a brown vessel with an annular base and broad incisions of standing human figure, and a shard with corrugated face which has a round protuberance with a hole in the center at the glabella, etc. (Fig. 5, 6, 7). Some of them are painted after baking and have high relieves with deep incisions. These characteristics may suggest correspondence of the culture of lower layer at Pechiche to that of middle or late formative period in the Andes. The absolute date of the material will be reported in near future by the analysis of carbon which was collected abunduntly.
Motion Layer Based Object Removal in Videos (2005)

This paper proposes a novel method to generate plausible video sequences after removing relatively large objects from the original videos. In order to maintain temporal coherence among the frames, a motion layer segmentation method is applied. Then, a set of synthesized layers are generated by applying motion compensation and region completion algorithm. Finally, a new video, in which the selected object is removed, is plausibly rendered given the synthesized layers and the motion parameters. A number of example videos are shown in the results to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method
Differential expression of the 61 kDa and 63 kDa calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterases in the mouse brain (1994)

Based on their relative abundance and regulation by Ca2+ and by phosphorylation in vitro, it is thought that the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterases (CaM-PDEs) are important modulators of cyclic nucleotide function in the brain. Two of the most abundant CaM-PDEs in the brain are the 61 kDa and 63 kDa isozymes. In this study, the regional and cellular expression of mRNA encoding these two different isoforms in mouse brain has been determined by in situ hybridization. The 63 kDa CaM-PDE mRNA has a wide-spread but uneven distribution. Very strong hybridization signals are present in the caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Somewhat lesser amounts of 63 kDa CaM-PDE mRNA are present in the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex. Weaker but still easily discernible hybridization signals are seen in several layers of the cerebral cortex, CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, amygdaloid nuclear complex, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. A weak hybridization signal was detected in the globus pallidus of the basal ganglia. In general, the distribution of the 63 kDa CaM-PDE is very similar to that of dopamine receptors, suggesting that it may modulate dopamine function. In contrast, the 61 kDa CaM-PDE mRNA has a more limited and much different distribution, with the highest level of expression in the cerebral cortex and in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. A moderate hybridization signal was detected in the medial habenula and amygdaloid nuclear complex. In addition, small subsets of neurons in several other regions showed specific hybridization. Both PDE mRNAs appear to be localized exclusively in neuronal cell bodies. Their distinct distribution suggests important but different physiological roles for these two isozymes in the regional regulation of cyclic nucleotides in the CNS. Since these two isozymes are differentially phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent and Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinases, the differential expression also provides a potential mechanism by which these PDEs can differentially regulate cAMP and cGMP in different brain areas. The high expression levels in specific subsets of neurons also suggest that agents increasing Ca2+ in these neurons will increase the rate of cyclic nucleotide degradation.
Identification of a gain-of-function mutation in a Golgi P-type ATPase that enhances Mn <sup>2+</sup> efflux and protects against toxicity (2010)

P-type ATPases transport a wide array of ions, regulate diverse cellular processes, and are implicated in a number of human diseases. However, mechanisms that increase ion transport by these ubiquitous proteins are not known. SPCA1 is a P-type pump that transports Mn(2+) from the cytosol into the Golgi. We developed an intra-Golgi Mn(2+) sensor and used it to screen for mutations introduced in SPCA1, on the basis of its predicted structure, which could increase its Mn(2+) pumping activity. Remarkably, a point mutation (Q747A) predicted to increase the size of its ion permeation cavity enhanced the sensor response and a compensatory mutation restoring the cavity to its original size abolished this effect. In vivo and in vitro Mn(2+) transport assays confirmed the hyperactivity of SPCA1-Q747A. Furthermore, increasing Golgi Mn(2+) transport by expression of SPCA1-Q747A increased cell viability upon Mn(2+) exposure, supporting the therapeutic potential of increased Mn(2+) uptake by the Golgi in the management of Mn(2+)-induced neurotoxicity.
High-Resolution Fluorescence Diffuse Optical Tomography Developed with Nonlinear Upconverting Nanoparticles (2012)

Fluorescence diffuse optical tomography (FDOT) is an emerging biomedical imaging technique that can be used to localize and quantify deeply situated fluorescent molecules within tissues. However, the potential of this technique is currently limited by its poor spatial resolution. In this work, we demonstrate that the current resolution limit of FDOT can be breached by exploiting the nonlinear power-dependent optical emission property of upconverting nanoparticles doped with rare-earth elements. The rare-earth-doped core-shell nanoparticles, NaYF(4):Yb(3+)/Tm(3+)@NaYF(4) of hexagonal phase, are synthesized through a stoichiometric method, and optical characterization shows that the upconverting emission of the nanoparticles in tissues depends quadratically on the power of excitation. In addition, quantum-yield measurements of the emission from the synthesized nanoparticles are performed over a large range of excitation intensities, for both core and core-shell particles. The measurements show that the quantum yield of the 800 nm emission band of core-shell upconverting nanoparticles is 3.5% under an excitation intensity of 78 W/cm(2). The FDOT reconstruction experiments are carried out in a controlled environment using liquid tissue phantoms. The experiments show that the spatial resolution of the FDOT reconstruction images can be significantly improved by the use of the synthesized upconverting nanoparticles and break the current spatial resolution limits of FDOT images obtained from using conventional linear fluorophores as contrast agents.
Increased prevalence of familial autoimmunity in simplex and multiplex families with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (2002)

These data demonstrate that the prevalence of autoimmunity is significantly higher among first- and second-degree relatives of JRA patients. This suggests that clinically different autoimmune phenotypes may share common susceptibility genes, which may act as risk factors for autoimmunity.
Temporal Generative Adversarial Nets with Singular Value Clipping (2017)

In this paper, we propose a generative model, Temporal Generative Adversarial Nets (TGAN), which can learn a semantic representation of unlabeled videos, and is capable of generating videos. Unlike existing Generative Adversarial Nets (GAN)-based methods that generate videos with a single generator consisting of 3D deconvolutional layers, our model exploits two different types of generators: a temporal generator and an image generator. The temporal generator takes a single latent variable as input and outputs a set of latent variables, each of which corresponds to an image frame in a video. The image generator transforms a set of such latent variables into a video. To deal with instability in training of GAN with such advanced networks, we adopt a recently proposed model, Wasserstein GAN, and propose a novel method to train it stably in an end-to-end manner. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.
Strategies to Antagonize miRNA Functions <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2014)

miRNAs are a class of short noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Diseased tissues have altered miRNA expression patterns, which could provide potential therapeutic targets. Introducing chemically engineered antisense oligonucleotides to cells can silence upregulated miRNAs. Successful miRNA inhibition can be assessed directly by quantitative reverse transcription PCR or northern blot, or indirectly by measuring de-repression of target genes or using reporter assays. In this review, we will discuss the design of chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miRNA), in vivo delivery of anti-miRNA to inhibit disease-related miRNAs and the development of nanoparticle-based anti-miRNA delivery systems. In particular, we will focus on interfering nanoparticles that we designed for in vivo delivery of chemically modified anti-miRNA-122 in mice.
ChemInform Abstract: Differential Signatures of Bacterial and Mammalian IMP Dehydrogenase Enzymes (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Statistical Block Protection Coding for DPCM-Encoded Speech (1979)

Blocks of speech-carrying dpcm bits are protected from transmission errors by means of explicit communication of two block statistics–the maximum and the root-mean-square (rms) values of the adjacent-sample differences in the dpcm-quantized speech. At the receiver, the maximum value is used as a cue for error-detection, white the rms value is used for a partial waveform correction procedure that provides intelligible speech at bit error rates as high as 10 percent.
Well-Defined Renewable Polymers Derived from Gum Rosin (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTWell-Defined Renewable Polymers Derived from Gum RosinYijun Zheng†, Kejian Yao†, James Lee†, David Chandler†, Jifu Wang‡, Chunpeng Wang‡, Fuxiang Chu‡, and Chuanbing Tang*†View Author Information† Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Nanocenter, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208‡ Chinese Academy of Forestry, Wan Shou Shan, Beijing, China 100091*Corresponding author: Ph 803-777-3628; Fax 803-777-9521; e-mail [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 14, 5922–5924Publication Date (Web):June 29, 2010Publication History Received13 May 2010Revised21 June 2010Published online29 June 2010Published inissue 27 July 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma101071phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma101071prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2443Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Monomers,Organic compounds,Organic polymers,Polymers,Vinyl Get e-Alerts
Are the Asian Equity Markets more Interdependent aft er the Financial Crisis (2008)

EB-08F30013A.pdf This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Economics at HKBU Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Department of Economics Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of HKBU Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact
Dynamic congestion control to improve performance of TCP split-connections over satellite links (2005)

Satellites have played an important role in global telecommunications. However, transmission control protocol (TCP) suffers significant performance degradations over satellite links due to high bit error rate and long latency. Among methods proposed to alleviate the impact of satellite link characteristics on TCP performance, split TCP connections separated by performance enhancement proxies have been proven attractive because they can keep TCP configurations in the end systems unchanged. In this paper, we propose a new dynamic congestion control mechanism based on TCP selective acknowledgment (SACK), called dynamic SACK (DSACK), for the satellite segment in a split TCP connection. DSACK obtains immediate congestion feedback from the underlying layer, so as to efficiently prevent congestion and correctly differentiate between packet losses due to channel errors and congestion. Simulation results show that our novel mechanism improves TCP performance over satellite networks significantly, compared to standard TCP versions
Mutations of the Rat Growth Hormone Promoter which Increase and Decrease Response to Thyroid Hormone Define a Consensus Thyroid Hormone Response Element (1989)

We have previously identified sequences required for thyroid hormone (T3) induction of the rat GH (rGH) promoter, which lie in a region from -188 to -164 upstream of the mRNA start site. Within this region, Domains A, -189 to -184 and B, -179 to -174, are imperfect direct repeats, and domain C, -172 to -167, is a divergent inverted copy that matches the A domain at 4/6 positions. A series of synthetic mutant versions of this sequence were inserted upstream of a truncated rGH promoter, or as a replacement for wild-type sequences in a synthetic 237 base pair rGH promoter or upstream of the heterologous thymidine kinase promoter. Mutations changing the B domain to a perfect copy of the A domain significantly increased T3 induction (21.3-fold) relative to the wild type (3.6-fold). A single point mutation making the C domain a better match to the A domain also increased T3 induction to 16.2-fold. Combining this up-mutation with any of three down-mutations in the A, B, or C domains strongly decreased response, showing that all three domains contribute to the amplified T3 response. Binding affinity of the various mutant oligonucleotides was assessed using in vitro translated receptor and affinity paralleled the functional responses for most binding site mutations. Requirements for in vitro binding were, however, less rigorous than those for functional T3 induction. Based on these results, we propose a consensus T3 receptor binding half-site, AGGT(C/A)A, at least two copies of which are required for a T3 response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)