gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Polysilicon Strain Gauge Array (2003)

A flexible polysilicon strain gauge array has been realized using a surface micromachining technique with a SiO2 sacrificial layer. The realized sensor array is mechanically flexible, which can be attached on non-planar surfaces. To realize the flexible strain gauge module, a new packaging scheme using a polyimide circuit board and an oxide based surface-micromachining was developed. The proposed packaging scheme completes the strain sensors and the circuit board on a single process, which eliminates additional assembly and alignment problems. The measured gauge factor shows that it is more sensitive than metal strain gauges. Unlike a single-crystal silicon strain gauge, the proposed polysilicon gauge has no limitations in the direction of strain.
Changes in afferent activity after spinal cord injury (2009)

Spinal cord injury at sites remote from the lumbosacral spinal cord can indirectly influence properties of bladder afferent neurons by altering the function and chemical environment in the bladder or the spinal cord.
The Development of Highly Reliable and Efficient Scroll Compressors (1998)

Interviews of 250 women concerning dietary changes during pregnancy were undertaken immediately after delivery. With regard to beverages, of women who regularly drank coffee or alcoholic items prior to conception, almost 30% reported a significant drop in ingestion during pregnancy. For coffee this change was attributed primarily to "endogenous" factors e.g., provocation of nausea or a loss of taste for the beverage. Concern regarding maternal or infant health was the most frequent reason for decrease in alcoholic beverages, although endogenous factors were also mentioned. Soda beverages were also ingested less frequently, predominantly because of dieting. The main increase was in milk consumption, primarily attributed to concern for the infant, but many mothers cited only a craving for the beverage. Other foods for which specific cravings were frequently cited were ice cream, sweets, and candy (particularly chocolate), fruits, and fish. Foods for which aversions outnumbered cravings were meats, poultry, and sauces flavored with oregano. Possible explanations for these changes associated with pregnancy are discussed.
A Highly Convergent Total Synthetic Route to Glycopeptides Carrying a High‐Mannose Core Pentasaccharide Domain <i>N</i>‐linked to a Natural Peptide Motif (1997)

Abstract N ‐Linked glycopeptides were synthesized by condensation of a highmannose anomeric amine bearing a pentasaccharide with aspartic‐acid‐containing tri‐ and pentapeptides through the agency of IIDQ. The pentasaccharide portion, corresponding to the „core”︁ region of all asparagine‐linked glycoproteins, was assembled by means of glycal‐derived thioethyl donors and glycal acceptors. The central mannose residue was established by inversion of the C2 hydroxyl of a glucosyl precursor in the pentasaccharide. The protecting‐group scheme employed allows the extension of the pentasaccharide through the terminal mannose units. While a fully convergent coupling of the high‐mannose carbohydrate to the peptide domain has thus been accomplished for the first time with a fully synthetic sugar, the stereochemical integrity of the anomeric center of the carbohydrate domain was not maintained and a mixture of glycopeptides was obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Seven‐Coordination Chemistry. (1977)

Abstract Übersicht über Geometrien sowie monomere, dimere und polymere Strukturformen.
Deoxysugar synthesis. I. Lithium-ethylamine reduction of carbohydrate phsphorodiamidates. (1975)

Following the procedure of Ireland, et al., 3-phosphorodiamidates (1b and 6b) of 1, 2 : 5, 6-di-O-isopropylidene-glucose and -allose were treated with lithium-ethylamine to give a 2, 3-dideoxy compound (3) in good yield, while similar treatment of a glucosaminide 3-phosphorodiamidate (11b) yielded a 3-deoxy derivative (12a). Thus, this method has the advantage of convenience for the preparation of deoxysugars.
Single Miller capacitor frequency compensation technique for low-power multistage amplifiers (2005)

Due to the rising demand for low-power portable battery-operated electronic devices, there is an increasing need for low-voltage low-power low-drop-out (LDO) regulators. This provides motivation for research on high-gain wide-bandwidth amplifiers driving large capacitive loads. These amplifiers serve as error amplifiers in low-voltage LDO regulators. Two low-power efficient three-stage amplifier topologies suitable for large capacitive load applications are introduced here: single Miller capacitor compensation (SMC) and single Miller capacitor feedforward compensation (SMFFC). Using a single Miller compensation capacitor in three-stage amplifiers can significantly reduce the total capacitor value, and therefore, the overall area of the amplifiers without influencing their stability. Pole-splitting and feedforward techniques are effectively combined to achieve better small-signal and large-signal performances. The 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS amplifiers, SMC, and SMFFC driving a 25-k/spl Omega///120-pF load achieve 4.6-MHz and 9-MHz gain-bandwidth product, respectively, each dissipates less than 0.42 mW of power with a /spl plusmn/1-V power supply, and each occupies less than 0.02 mm/sup 2/ of silicon area.
Trehalose metabolism in Arabidopsis: occurrence of trehalose and molecular cloning and characterization of trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase homologues (2001)

Axenically grown Arabidopsis thaliana plants were analysed for the occurrence of trehalose. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, trehalose was unambiguously identified in extracts from Arabidopsis inflorescences. In a variety of organisms, the synthesis of trehalose is catalysed by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS; EC 2.4.1.15) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP; EC 3.1.3.12). Based on EST (expressed sequence tag) sequences, three full-length Arabidopsis cDNAs whose predicted protein sequences show extensive homologies to known TPS and TPP proteins were amplified by RACE-PCR. The expression of the corresponding genes, AtTPSA, AtTPSB and AtTPSC, and of the previously described TPS gene, AtTPS1, was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR. All of the genes were expressed in the rosette leaves, stems and flowers of Arabidopsis plants and, to a lower extent, in the roots. To study the role of the Arabidopsis genes, the AtTPSA and AtTPSC cDNAs were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants deficient in trehalose synthesis. In contrast to AtTPS1, expression of AtTPSA and AtTPSC in the tps1 mutant lacking TPS activity did not complement trehalose formation after heat shock or growth on glucose. In addition, no TPP function could be identified for AtTPSA and AtTPSC in complementation studies with the S. cerevisiae tps2 mutant lacking TPP activity. The results indicate that while AtTPS1 is involved in the formation of trehalose in Arabidopsis, some of the Arabidopsis genes with homologies to known TPS/TPP genes encode proteins lacking catalytic activity in trehalose synthesis.
Retrieving a Redemptive Past: Protecting Heritage and Heimat in East German Cities (2009)

In the years following unification, East German cityscapes have been subject to fierce contention because historic preservation and urban renewal have served as a local allegory of national redemption. Using conflicts over preservation and renewal in the city of Eisenach as a case study, I argue that historic cityscapes have served as the focus of many East Germans' efforts to grapple with the problem of Germanness because they address the past as a material cultural legacy to be retrieved and protected, rather than as a past to be worked through. In Eisenach's conflicts, heritage and Heimat serve as talismans of redemption not just because they symbolize an unspoiled German past, but also because they represent structures of difference that evoke a victimized Germanness—they are above all precious, vulnerable possessions threatened with disruption, pollution, or destruction by agents placed outside the moral boundaries of the hometown by its bourgeois custodians.
Diversity of Streptomyces spp. from mangrove forest of Sarawak (Malaysia) and screening of their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities (2019)

Streptomycetes have been the center of attraction within scientific community owing to their capability to produce various bioactive compounds, for instance, with different antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. The search for novel Streptomyces spp. from underexplored area such as mangrove environment has been gaining attention since these microorganisms could produce pharmaceutically important metabolites. The aim of this study is to discover the diversity of Streptomyces spp. from mangrove in Sarawak and their bioactive potentials - in relation to antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. A total of 88 Streptomyces isolates were successfully recovered from the mangrove soil in Kuching, state of Sarawak, Malaysia. Phylogenetic analysis of all the isolates and their closely related type strains using 16S rRNA gene sequences resulted in 7 major clades in the phylogenetic tree reconstructed based on neighbour-joining algorithm. Of the 88 isolates, 18 isolates could be considered as potentially novel species according to the 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analyses. Preliminary bioactivity screening conducted on the potential novel Streptomyces isolates revealed significant antioxidant activity and notable cytotoxic effect against tested colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, Caco-2, and SW480), with greater cytotoxicity towards SW480 and HT-29 cells. This study highlighted that the Sarawak mangrove environment is a rich reservoir containing streptomycetes that could produce novel secondary metabolites with antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES in CHARACTER RECOGNITION (2020)

An Introduction to Character Recognition - L.C. Jain and B. Lazzerini Recognition of Handwritten Digits in the Real World by a Neocognitron - H. Shouno, K. Fukushima and M. Okada Recognition of Rotated Patterns Using Neocognitron - S. Satoh, J. Kunoiwa, H. Aso and S. Miyuke Soft Computing Approach to Hand-written Numeral Recognition - J. F. Baldwin, T. P. Martin, and O. Stylianidis Handwritten Character Recognition Using an MLP - F. Sorbello, G. A. M. Gioiello, and S. Vitabile Signature Verification Based on Fuzzy Genetic Algorithm - J. N. K. Liu, and G. S. K. Fung Application of a Generic Neural Network to Handwritten Digit Classification - D. S. Banarse and A. Duller High-speed Recognition of Handwritten Amounts On Italian Checks - B. Lazzerini, L. M. Reyneri , F. Gregoretti, and A. Mariani Off-line Handwritten Word Recognition Using Hidden Markov Models - A. El-Yacoubi, R. Sabourin, M. Gilloux and C. Y. Suen Off-line Handwriting Recognition with Context Dependent Fuzzy Rules - A. Malaviya, F. Ivancic, J. Balasubramaniam and L. Peters License-plate Recognition - M. H. Brugge, J. A. G. Nijihuis, L. Spaanenburg, and J. H. Stevens Index
Representation and Spatial Analysis in Geographic Information Systems (2003)

Abstract A common—perhaps modal—representation of geography in spatial analysis and geographic information systems is native (unexamined) objects interacting based on simple distance and connectivity relationships within an empty Euclidean space. This is only one possibility among a large set of geographic representations that can support quantitative analysis. Through the vehicle of GIS, many researchers are adopting this representation without realizing its assumptions or its alternatives. Rather than locking researchers into a single representation, GIS could serve as a toolkit for estimating and exploring alternative geographic representations and their analytical possibilities. The article reviews geographic representations, their associated analytical possibilities and relevant computational tools in the combined spatial analysis and GIScience literatures. The discussion identifies several research and development frontiers, including analytical gaps in current GIS software.
Anticipating Discussion Activity on Community Forums (2011)

Attention economics is a vital component of the Social Web, where the sheer magnitude and rate at which social data is published forces web users to decide on what content to focus their attention on. By predicting popular posts on the Social Web, that contain lengthy discussions and debates, analysts can focus their attention more effectively on content that is deemed more influential. In this paper we present a two-step approach to anticipate discussions in community forums by a) identifying seed posts - i.e., posts that generate discussions, and b) predicting the length of these discussions. We explore the effectiveness of a range of features in anticipating discussions such as user and content features, and present 'focus' features that capture the topical concentration of a user. For identifying seed posts we show that content features are better predictors than user features, while achieving an F1 value of 0.792 when using all features. For predicting discussion activity we find a positive correlation between the focus of the user and discussion volumes, and achieve an nDCG@1 value of 0.89 when predicting using user features.
Light as an ecological factor. A symposium of the British Ecological Society, Cambridge 30th March-1 April 1965. (1966)

Light as an ecological factor: a symposium of the British Ecological Society, Cambridge, 30th March-1 April 1965 , Light as an ecological factor: a symposium of the British Ecological Society, Cambridge, 30th March-... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
FA + TA <FSA (2018)

The problem of aggregating scores, so as to provide a ranking of objects in a dataset according to different evaluation criteria, is central to many modern data-intensive applications. Although efficient (instance optimal) algorithms exist to this purpose (such as the Threshold Algorithm TA and its variants) none of them is able to deal with scenarios in which the function used to aggregate scores is only partially specified. This is the typical case when the function is a weighted sum, and the user is unable to provide precise values for the weights. In this paper, we consider the problem of processing multi-source top-k queries, when only constraints, rather than precise values, are available for the weights. After observing that the so-called Fagin's Algorithm (FA) can be adapted to solve the problem, yet only when no constraints at all are present (a case in which our queries will return the k-skyband of the dataset), we introduce the novel FSA algorithm, which we prove to be instance optimal for any set of constraints on the weights. We also propose several optimizations to the basic FSA logic so as to improve execution times. Experimental analysis on both real and synthetic datasets shows that our optimizations are indeed highly effective and that the increased flexibility provided by FSA introduces little overhead with respect to the case of classical top-k queries.
Foreword: Special Issue on Mathematics of Program Construction. (1994)

Although I respect Professor Jane Andrews' views on informing patients of a diagnosis of dementia (letters June 3), I have difficulty agreeing entirely. It is important to take into account factors such as the extent of the problem, the person's own views about wishing to know or not and, crucially, whether any treatment can be offered.
REVIEWS (1986)

REVIEWS Get access The Renaissance Hamlet: Issues and Responses in 1600. By ROLAND MUSHAT FRYE. Pp. xvi+398. Princeton: University Press, 1984. £26.50 net. J. W. SAUNDERS J. W. SAUNDERS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume XXXVII, Issue 145, February 1986, Pages 88–89, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/XXXVII.145.88 Published: 01 February 1986
Sugar-Derived Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Non-Carbohydrate Natural Products (2002)

The generation of enantiopure non-carbohydrate natural products from readily available sugars is of practical value only, if the individual reactions employed allow simple reagents, proceed uniformly, and avoid complex separations in work-up procedures to ultimately enable favorable overall yields. Such practical criteria entail the transformation of a sugar, "overfunctionalized" with chirality and hydroxyl groups, into an enantiopure building block with suitable functionalities, e.g. C=C or C=O groups, or both, and only one or two centers of asymmetry left. The principal possibilities for the elaboration of new benign reaction channels sugar → enantiopure building block are delineated with an emphasis on dihydropyranones with isolated or vicinal centers of chirality, as they provide a more clearly foreseeable stereochemistry in additions of O-, N- and C-nucleophiles than their open-chain or furanoid counterparts. Application of various of such hexose-derived six-carbon building blocks to the synthesis of diplodialide-type pheromones, of the soft coral metabolites (S,S)-palythazin and (S,S)-bissetone, of ACRL-Toxin, of a series of Labiatea-derived C12-enelactones, and of uscharidine-type cardenolides is presented.
<i>Rethinking Pension Reform</i> by Franco Modigliani and Arun Muralidhar, Cambridge University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-521-83411-2, 266 pages, Price $55.00. (2005)

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Membrane cholesterol depletion reduces breast tumor cell migration by a mechanism that involves non-canonical Wnt signaling and IL-10 secretion (2016)

Migration and invasion are hallmarks of cancer cells that allow their dissemination to other tissues. Studying the cellular and molecular basis of cancer cell migration can help us to understand and control cancer metastasis. Many membrane molecules have been described as being involved in tumor cell migration, and among them is cholesterol. In the present study we investigated the role of membrane cholesterol in the migration of breast tumor cells. The human mammary gland/breast epithelial cell line MDA-MB 231 was used and membrane cholesterol was depleted with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MbCD). Cell migration was measured in a cell-based scratch assay and the involvement of the Wnt signaling was tested using Lef-1/TCF reporter activation in permanently transfected MDA-MB 231 cells. Cell morphology was analyzed using fluorescent phalloidin to label F-actin structures. Our results show that membrane cholesterol depletion reduces cell migration, induces changes in cell morphology and in membrane protrusions. Cholesterol depletion also induces an increase in the secretion of IL-10, a cytokine involved in the control of cell migration. In addition, we show that these effects do not involve the activation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Interestingly, Wnt5a inhibited cell migration in similar levels as MbCD, pointing to a role for the non-canonical Wnt pathway and IL-10 in this process. Taken together, our results suggest a correlation between membrane cholesterol, non-canonical Wnt signaling, IL-10 secretion and breast tumor cell migration. These results could contribute to the understanding of breast tumor cell migration and may be used in the development of new therapeutic strategies targeted to breast cancer metastasis.
Histone acetyltransferase <scp>GCN</scp>5 is essential for heat stress‐responsive gene activation and thermotolerance in Arabidopsis (2015)

Exposure to temperatures exceeding the normal optimum levels, or heat stress (HS), constitutes an environmental disruption for plants, resulting in severe growth and development retardation. Here we show that loss of function of the Arabidopsis histone acetyltransferase GCN5 results in serious defects in terms of thermotolerance, and considerably impairs the transcriptional activation of HS-responsive genes. Notably, expression of several key regulators such as the HS transcription factors HSFA2 and HSFA3, Multiprotein Bridging Factor 1c (MBF1c) and UV-HYPERSENSITIVE 6 (UVH6) is down-regulated in the gcn5 mutant under HS compared with the wild-type. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that GCN5 protein is enriched at the promoter regions of HSFA3 and UVH6 genes, but not in HSFA2 and MBF1c, and that GCN5 facilitates H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation, which are associated with HSFA3 and UVH6 activation under HS. Moreover, constitutive expression of UVH6 in the gcn5 mutant partially restores heat tolerance. Taken together, our data indicate that GCN5 plays a key role in the preservation of thermotolerance via versatile regulation in Arabidopsis. In addition, expression of the wheat TaGCN5 gene re-establishes heat tolerance in Arabidopsis gcn5 mutant plants, suggesting that GCN5-mediated thermotolerance may be conserved between Arabidopsis and wheat.
Near Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Starch and Water in Some Processed Cereal Foods (1996)

Near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra of wheat flour, dried extrudates and bread crumb over the range 1350–1650 nm exhibit similar features which provide information about the changes in starch structure which take place during their processing or aging. It is postulated that the observed spectral features are related to changes in the states of hydrogen bonding of O–H bonds in starch and water.
Analytical modeling and optimization for affinity based thread scheduling on multicore systems (2009)

This paper proposes an analytical model to estimate the cost of running an affinity-based thread schedule on multicore systems. The model consists of three submodels to evaluate the cost of executing a thread schedule: an affinity-graph submodel, a memory hierarchy submodel, and a cost submodel that characterize programs, machines, and costs respectively. We applied the analytical model to both synthetic and real-world applications. The estimated cost accurately predicts which schedule will provide better performance. Due to the NP-hardness of the scheduling problem, we designed an approximation algorithm to compute near-optimal solutions. We have extended the algorithm to support threads with data dependences. We conducted experiments with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) kernel and Cholesky factorization on both UMA SMP and NUMA DSM machines. The results show that using the optimized thread schedule can improve the program performance by 25% to 400%, demonstrating that our method for determining an optimized thread schedule for multicore systems is efficient and practical.
Oxidative injury in epilepsy: potential for antioxidant therapy? (2004)

Biological ill effects of oxidative injury from excess free radical production are implicated in many human conditions. Epilepsy is a chronic, dynamic neurological disorder associated with ongoing neuronal damage, particularly when uncontrolled. Oxidative injury may play a role in the initiation and progression of epilepsy, and therapies aimed at reducing oxidative stress may ameliorate tissue damage and favorably alter the clinical course. There is abundant in vivo evidence of oxidative injury in animal models of epilepsy and for efficacy of antioxidant therapy in reducing this injury in animal models of epileptogenesis. However, there is sparse direct clinical data on the use of antioxidants in human epilepsy. This review examines the evidence for the role of oxidative injury in epilepsy, the rationale for use of antioxidant therapy in epilepsy and appraises the current clinical performance of the studies of antioxidant therapies.