gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of coumestrol on estrogen receptor function and uterine growth in ovariectomized rats. (1995)

Isoflavonoids and related compounds such as coumestrol have classically been categorized as phytoestrogens because these environmentally derived substances bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and increase uterine wet weight in immature rats and mice. Assessment of the binding affinities of isoflavonoids for ER and subsequent effects on uterine growth suggest these compounds are less active estrogens than estradiol and therefore may reduce the risk of developing breast or prostate cancer in humans by preventing estradiol binding to ER. With the renewed interest in the relationships between environmental estrogens and cancer cause and prevention, we assessed the effects of the phytoestrogen coumestrol on uterotropic response in the immature, ovariectomized rat. Our studies demonstrated that in this animal model, coumestrol is an atypical estrogen that does not stimulate uterine cellular hyperplasia. Although acute (subcutaneous injection) or chronic (multiple injection or orally via drinking water) administration of coumestrol significantly increased uterine wet and dry weights, the phytoestrogen failed to increase uterine DNA content. The lack of true estrogenic activity was characterized by the inability of this phytoestrogen to cause cytosolic ER depletion, nuclear ER accumulation, or the stimulation of nuclear type II sites which characteristically precede estrogenic stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis and proliferation. In fact, subcutaneous or oral coumestrol treatment caused an atypical threefold induction of cytosolic ER without corresponding cytosolic depletion and nuclear accumulation of this receptor, and this increased the sensitivity of the uterus to subsequent stimulation by estradiol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
New antenna-sensor for temperature control by microwave radiometry (2003)

Describes a novel planar antenna-sensor devoted to the non-invasive temperature measurement by microwave radiometry. In order to improve radiometric measurement in industrial applications, we propose a new generation of sensors realized from a metallic sheet without substrate. Simulation based upon the method of moments is used to model the performances of these sensors. This paper also describes a radiometric device designed to measure and control the temperature of food products during deep freezing process. First results are presented.
Glucagon-like Peptide (GLP)-2 Action in the Murine Central Nervous System Is Enhanced by Elimination of GLP-1 Receptor Signaling (2001)

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) regulates energy homeostasis via effects on nutrient absorption and maintenance of gut mucosal epithelial integrity. The biological actions of GLP-2 in the central nervous system (CNS) remain poorly understood. We studied the sites of endogenous GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) expression, the localization of transgenic LacZ expression under the control of the mouse GLP-2R promoter, and the actions of GLP-2 in the murine CNS. GLP-2R expression was detected in multiple extrahypothalamic regions of the mouse and rat CNS, including cell groups in the cerebellum, medulla, amygdala, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, pons, cerebral cortex, and pituitary. A 1.5-kilobase fragment of the mouse GLP-2R promoter directed LacZ expression to the gastrointestinal tract and CNS regions in the mouse that exhibited endogenous GLP-2R expression, including the cerebellum, amygdala, hippocampus, and dentate gyrus. Intracerebroventricular injection of GLP-2 significantly inhibited food intake during dark-phase feeding in wild-type mice. Disruption of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling with the antagonist exendin-(9-39) in wild-type mice or genetically in GLP-1R(-)/- mice significantly potentiated the anorectic actions of GLP-2. These findings illustrate that CNS GLP-2R expression is not restricted to hypothalamic nuclei and demonstrate that the anorectic effects of GLP-2 are transient and modulated by the presence or absence of GLP-1R signaling in vivo.
Two alternative pathways of double-strand break repair that are kinetically separable and independently modulated. (1992)

HO endonuclease-induced double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can undergo recombination by two distinct and competing pathways. In a plasmid containing a direct repeat, in which one repeat is interrupted by an HO endonuclease cut site, gap repair yields gene conversions while single-strand annealing produces deletions. Consistent with predictions of the single-strand annealing mechanism, deletion formation is not accompanied by the formation of a reciprocal recombination product. Deletions are delayed 60 min when the distance separating the repeats is increased by 4.4 kb. Moreover, the rate of deletion formation corresponds to the time at which complementary regions become single stranded. Gap repair processes are independent of distance but are reduced in rad52 mutants and in G1-arrested cells.
Purification and characterization of 2-keto-D-gluconate dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter melanogenus. (1981)

From membrane fraction of Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293, 2-keto-D-gluconate dehydrogenase was solubilized and purified to an electrophoretically and ultracentrifugally homogeneousstate of about 400-fold in high yields of 41%. Purification was achieved by solubilization with 2% cholate and 0.2 M KCl, subsequent precipitation with ammonium sulfate and polyethylene glycol 6000, and chromatographies on CM-cellulose and hydroxyapatite columns in the presence of Triton X-100. The purified enzyme was tightly bound to a c-type cytochrome existing as a dehydrogenase-cytochrome complex. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be about 133, 000, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the presence of three components having molecular weights of 61, 000 (flavoprotein), 47, 000 (cytochrome c) and 25, 000. The dehydrogenase was found to be a flavoprotein having a covalently bound flavin. Only 2-keto-D-gluconate was readily oxidized by the enzyme in the presence of dyes, such as ferricyanide, 2, 6-dichlorophenolindophenol or phenazine methosulfate. NAD, NADP and oxygen did not function as electron acceptors. Optimum pH for enzyme activity was 4.0, and optimum temperature was 39°C. The enzyme activity was not inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents or metal chelators.
ANALYSIS OF THE MOST KECENT PAPERS LAID BEFORE PARLIAMENT ON THIS SUBJECT, &C. &C. March 1, 1842 (2012)

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no title (2004)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
“Facebook for Academics”: The Convergence of Self-Branding and Social Media Logic on Academia.edu (2017)

Given widespread labor market precarity, contemporary workers—especially those in the media and creative industries—are increasingly called upon to brand themselves. Academics, we contend, are experiencing a parallel pressure to engage in self-promotional practices, particularly as universities become progressively more market-driven. Academia.edu , a paper-sharing social network that has been informally dubbed “Facebook for academics,” has grown rapidly by adopting many of the conventions of popular social media sites. This article argues that the astonishing uptake of Academia.edu both reflects and amplifies the self-branding imperatives that many academics experience. Drawing on Academia.edu ’s corporate history, design decisions, and marketing communications, we analyze two overlapping facets of Academia.edu : (1) the site’s business model and (2) its social affordances. We contend that the company, like mainstream social networks, harnesses the content and immaterial labor of users under the guise of “sharing.” In addition, the site’s fixation on analytics reinforces a culture of incessant self-monitoring—one already encouraged by university policies to measure quantifiable impact. We conclude by identifying the stakes for academic life, when entrepreneurial and self-promotional demands brush up against the university’s knowledge-making ideals.
Stealth technology for wind turbines (2010)

Currently, a large proportion of proposed UK wind farms have either concerns raised at the pre-planning stage or formal objections made by radar operators on the basis of the potential for wind turbines to cause interference to radar systems. The current generation of on and off-shore three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbines have radar signatures consistent with their often very large physical size and hence considerable potential to reduce the ability of ground-based radars to detect targets in the vicinity of the farm. The impact of wind farms, particularly on ground-based aviation radars such as those operated for air defence and military and civil air traffic control purposes is likely to become particularly acute as European Union member governments strive to meet the requirements for energy generation under the Renewables Obligation. In addition, the increasing number of offshore wind farm projects proposed has the potential to cause interference to marine radars such as coastal vessel traffic services and those on-board vessels for navigational purposes. This study considers the options available for the reduction of turbine radar signature and presents solutions for each of the main external turbine components. The radar signature reduction approaches are based on existing technologies developed for aerospace stealth applications. However, the realisation of these for the purposes of reducing wind turbine radar signatures is a novel development, particularly in the solutions proposed. The reduction of wind turbine-induced radar interference is a growing area of research.
Evidence for the Presence of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) and Free<i>β</i>-Subunit of hCG in the Human Pituitary (1990)

Previous studies have indicated that the pituitary gland may produce free alpha-subunit and small quantities of hCG in addition to other glycoprotein hormones. Since synthesis of holo-hCG requires the presence of both subunits, we have investigated the occurrence in human pituitary of free beta-subunit of hCG, in addition to intact holo-hCG. We processed a pituitary extract by fractionated ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by sequential chromatography on Sephadex G-100 and Ultrogel AcA 44. The fractions obtained were assessed for their reactivities with a panel of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for holo-hCG, beta-subunit of hCG, alpha-subunit, or hCG/LH. In addition to the expected LH and alpha-subunit, we detected materials which eluted from the column in positions very similar to those of cochromatographed 125I-hCG tracer and hCG-beta (NIH CR123-beta), and which showed immunoreactivity in specific immunoradiometric assays for holo-hCG and hCG-beta, respectively. Holo-hCG and hCG-beta material derived from the urine of a postmenopausal woman showed behaviors on the column similar to the pituitary forms. Both the pituitary holo-hCG- and free hCG-beta-subunit activity could be enriched (approximately 500 times) by affinity chromatography on an hCG antibody-coupled Sepharose column. When subjected to isoelectric focusing in granulated gel holo-hCG and hCG-beta-subunit of pituitary origin were focused in the pI-range of pregnancy hCG and pregnancy hCG-beta-subunit, respectively. Like pregnancy hCG, most (75%) of the pituitary hCG was bound to a column of Con A-Sepharose; however, the Con A-nonbinding hCG fraction (approximately 25%) was much higher than that found in pregnancy hCG. On the basis of immunoreactivities, the content of holo-hCG in our pituitary extract was estimated to be 60 micrograms/g, and that of free beta-subunit 45 micrograms/g; for comparison, LH was approximately 20 mg/g, and free alpha-subunit 1.6 mg/g. In addition, we could demonstrate the presence of both holo-hCG- and free hCG-beta-subunit-like immunoreactivity in NaCl-extracts from single pituitaries of two postmenopausal women. In these studies a second hCG-beta-immunoreactive material eluting far behind the hCG-beta-position was found. Chromatography of purified LH-beta-subunit, which crossreacts 1.56% in the hCG-beta IRMA, yielded an elution pattern clearly distinguishable from that of the hCG-beta-immunoreactive substances.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Compressing Sparse Feature Vectors Using Random Ortho-Projections (2010)

In this paper we investigate the usage of random ortho-projections in the compression of sparse feature vectors. The study is carried out by evaluating the compressed features in classification tasks instead of concentrating on reconstruction accuracy. In the random ortho-projection method, the mapping for the compression can be obtained without any further knowledge of the original features. This makes the approach favorable if training data is costly or impossible to obtain. The independence from the data also enables one to embed the compression scheme directly into the computation of the original features. Our study is inspired by the results in compressive sensing, which state that up to a certain compression ratio and with high probability, such projections result in no loss of information. In comparison to learning based compression, namely principal component analysis (PCA), the random projections resulted in comparable performance already at high compression ratios depending on the sparsity of the original features.
Stimulatory Effect of N-[4-[2-(Dimethylamino)-ethoxy]benzyl]-3,4-Dimethoxybenzamide Hydrochloride (HSR-803) on Normal and Delayed Gastrointestinal Propulsion (1991)

To estimate the effect of a new gastroprokinetic agent, N-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzyl|-3,4-dimethoxybenzamide hydrochloride (HSR-803), on non-ulcer dyspepsia, the influence of HSR-803 on gastrointestinal propulsion was assayed in dogs, rats and mice in comparison with some gastroprokinetic agents. HSR-803 (30 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly enhanced gastric emptying in dogs, and it significantly improved the delayed gastric emptying induced by dopamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.) and morphine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) in rats. Metoclopramide (30 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly restored the dopamine-induced delay, but at a dose of 10 mg/kg, p.o., it enhanced the morphine-induced delay in gastric emptying in rats. HSR-803 (10-100 mg/kg, p.o.) increased small intestinal transit in mice in a dose-dependent manner, and the effect was abolished by atropine (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.). Metoclopramide also increased small intestinal transit, but domperidone and cisapride had no effect. In delayed small intestinal transit in mice, HSR-803 (10-100 mg/kg, p.o.) improved the morphine (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.(-induced delay in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, because of the promotion of normal and delayed gastrointestinal propulsion, HSR-803 seems to be a promising gastroprokinetic agent for the treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia. The action of HSR-803 is likely to be exerted through cholinergic stimulation.
YIG-SENSOR DESIGN FOR FIBER OPTICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD MEASUREMENTS (1984)

Aiming at the design of a magnetic field sensor utilizing the Faraday effect, we give in this paper a description of measurements of magneto-optical properties of YIG. We also give sensor design rules based upon these measurements.
Anesthesia for Thoracoscopic Laser Ablation of Bullous Emphysema (1993)

Ablation of bullae appears to provide symptomatic improvement, and thoracoscopy might be better tolerated than thoracotomy, especially in patients with severe bullous emphysema.
Lung Cancer Detection and Classification with 3D Convolutional Neural Network (3D-CNN) (2017)

This paper demonstrates a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for lung cancer classification of CT scans with unmarked nodules, a dataset from the Kaggle Data Science Bowl, 2017. Thresholding was used as an initial segmentation approach to segment out lung tissue from the rest of the CT scan. Thresholding produced the next best lung segmentation. The initial approach was to directly feed the segmented CT scans into 3D CNNs for classification, but this proved to be inadequate. Instead, a modified U-Net trained on LUNA16 data (CT scans with labeled nodules) was used to first detect nodule candidates in the Kaggle CT scans. The U-Net nodule detection produced many false positives, so regions of CTs with segmented lungs where the most likely nodule candidates were located as determined by the U-Net output were fed into 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to ultimately classify the CT scan as positive or negative for lung cancer. The 3D CNNs produced a test set Accuracy of 86.6%. The performance of our CAD system outperforms the current CAD systems in literature which have several training and testing phases that each requires a lot of labeled data, while our CAD system has only three major phases (segmentation, nodule candidate detection, and malignancy classification), allowing more efficient training and detection and more generalizability to other cancers.
Low amyloid (Aβ) plaque load and relative predominance of diffuse plaques distinguish argyrophilic grain disease from Alzheimer’s disease (1999)

Argyrophilic grain disease constitutes one cause of late-onset dementia. Its classification among dementia disorders is still unclear because most of the reported argyrophilic grain disease cases are associated with neurofibrillary lesions (e.g. neurofibrillary tangles) which are also typical of Alzheimer's disease. In the present study we determine whether argyrophilic grain disease is associated with the senile plaques of Alzheimer's disease. The distribution and density of senile plaques was systematically investigated in 11 demented argyrophilic grain disease cases using Abeta immunohistochemistry and stereological techniques, and the results were compared with 11 Alzheimer's disease cases. All subjects with argyrophilic grain disease exhibited neurofibrillary changes corresponding to Braak stages I-III. Three of the 11 argyrophilic grain disease cases (27%) were completely devoid of Abeta deposits. In argyrophilic grain disease cases with senile plaques, the average total plaque-load was significantly lower (1%) than in Alzheimer's disease (3.1%) (P<0. 005). The regional distribution of the senile plaques and the proportion of diffuse vs. primitive or mature plaques in argyrophilic grain disease resembled values of senile plaques reported in non-demented elderly subjects, and was significantly different from Alzheimer's disease. Similarly the immunocytochemical profile of the Abeta deposition in argyrophilic grain disease resembled that of non-demented elderly subjects rather than that of subjects with Alzheimer's disease. As all argyrophilic grain disease cases under investigation were demented, including those devoid of senile plaques, the present study further supports the thesis that dementia in argyrophilic grain disease correlates more with the density and distribution of argyrophilic grains than with associated lesions of the Alzheimer-type.
Gas Permeation through the Porous Membrane Prepared from Synthetic Water-Swelling Fluoromica (1984)

膨潤性人工フッ素雲母の微粉体から多孔質膜を形成した. 走査型電子顕微鏡及び水銀圧入法により膜の細孔構造の観測を行った. また膜の気体透過性を種々の気体に関して測定し, 細孔構造との関連で考察した. 人工フッ素雲母膜には, 70000nm, 20000nm, 300nm及び4nm以下に分布極大値を持つ4種の細孔が観測され, 気体透過特性はクヌーセン流と粘性流の中間域の式に従った. 中間域の式とHeの透過データから算出される膜の動水半径は150nmとなった. He/Ar系での気体分離性は圧力に依存し高圧下では減少した. これは気体異分子間の衝突 (Present-de Bethune効果) や粘性流の影響によるものと考えられる. 分離係数の実測値と, Present-de Bethune式による計算値は, 細孔半径80nmと仮定した場合に良い一致が見られた.
Antibodies directed to α6β4 highlight the adhesive and signaling functions of the integrin in breast cancer cell lines (2010)

Integrin alpha6beta4 signaling interactions have been implicated in tumor progression, and beta4 expression has been linked to poor prognosis in certain breast cancer subtypes. We generated human antibodies to alpha6beta4 to further evaluate its role in tumor cell signaling. Biochemical characterization indicated these antibodies are specific for alpha6beta4, recognize distinct epitopes and have low nanomolar affinities for both human and murine protein. The antibodies demonstrated differing effects on alpha6beta4-mediated cellular adhesion, highlighting the existence of different functional epitopes on alpha6beta4. Interestingly however both antibodies blocked adhesion-independent growth in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Antibody induced apoptosis and inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling were also observed within the context of matrix adhesion. Enhanced inhibitory effects were observed when the alpha6beta4 antibodies were used in combination with antibodies to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or erythoblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (ErbB2). These findings illustrate a role for both the adhesive and signaling functions of alpha6beta4 in breast cancer cell survival. The antibodies and data generated herein advance our understanding of alpha6beta4 in regulating tumorigenic processes, and suggest that combination therapies involving alpha6beta4 may be therapeutically effective in breast cancer.
Field-assisted ion exchange in glass: The effect of masking films (1993)

The two-step ion exchange process for the fabrication of optical waveguide structures in glass is studied. The first step is field-assisted ion exchange through the structure forming ‘‘windows’’ in the masking films. It is established that, in the case of metal masking films, the exchange ability of glass in the region under the mask decreases significantly. The second ion exchange in these regions is even totally blocked when soda-lime glass is used. The mechanism and the application of this effect are briefly considered.
31.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : A Touching Story: A Personal Perspective on the History of Touch Interfaces Past and Future (2010)

Abstract Touch screens have a 40+ year history. Multi‐touch and some of the gestures associated with it, are over 25 years old. This paper aspires to provide some perspective on the roots of these technologies, and share some future‐relevant insights from those experiences. Since the scope of the article does not permit a comprehensive survey, emphasis has been given to projects and insights that are relevant, but less‐well known.
Novel Brothy Taste Modifier Isolated from Beef Broth (1998)

The essential components which impart the favorable “brothy taste” as the characteristic flavor of beef bouillon were investigated. Broth prepared from beef was performed successively by dialysis, electrodialysis, gel filtration chromatography, chelate affinity chromatography, and carbon partition chromatography, and finally three fractions which gave the “brothy taste” were obtained. Among these, one fraction, A8, contained the component responsible for this taste in highest purity. Structural analysis was carried out using FAB-MS and various NMR methods, and the main compound of A8 was thus elucidated to be the novel compound N-(1-methyl-4-hydroxy-3-imidazolin-2,2-ylidene)alanine. Keywords: Beef; extract; sour; brothy; taste; amino acid derivative