gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Corticosteroid synthesis in chicken adrenals as affected by o,p'-DDD]. (1978)

The corticosteroids biosynthesis in adrenals with administration of o,p'-DDD in doses of 40, 100, 200 mg/kg was studied for two weeks in experiments on chickens. The corticosteroids biosynthesis was judged by formation of corticosterone, hydrocortisone and desoxycorticosterone by 2% adrenal homogenates from the precursors (pregnelonone and 11-hydroxyprogesterone) introduced into the incubation medium. The formed corticosteriods were isolated chromatographically, then they were identified and quantitatively determined by spectrophotometry following the reaction with tetrazolium blue. The data of the studies performed by thin-layer chromatography show the inhibition of the 11-beta-hydroxylizing system with administration of o,p'-DDD in a dose of 50 mg/kg and stimulation of 21-hydroxylation of steroids. When introducing the inhibitor in a larger amount, most enzymatic systems participating in the process of the corticosteroids biosynthesis are inhibited.
Adaptive source coding techniques for communications systems (1989)

Data compression is becoming widely used in communications devices, such as modems and statistical multiplexers. The author discusses the particular constraints that the real time nature of communications systems place on the design of source codes, and presents one particular solution based on the Ziv Lempel algorithm. >
Identification of anticancer drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma through personalized genome‐scale metabolic modeling (2014)

Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) have proven useful as scaffolds for the integration of omics data for understanding the genotype-phenotype relationship in a mechanistic manner. Here, we evaluated the presence/absence of proteins encoded by 15,841 genes in 27 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients using immunohistochemistry. We used this information to reconstruct personalized GEMs for six HCC patients based on the proteomics data, HMR 2.0, and a task-driven model reconstruction algorithm (tINIT). The personalized GEMs were employed to identify anticancer drugs using the concept of antimetabolites; i.e., drugs that are structural analogs to metabolites. The toxicity of each antimetabolite was predicted by assessing the in silico functionality of 83 healthy cell type-specific GEMs, which were also reconstructed with the tINIT algorithm. We predicted 101 antimetabolites that could be effective in preventing tumor growth in all HCC patients, and 46 antimetabolites which were specific to individual patients. Twenty-two of the 101 predicted antimetabolites have already been used in different cancer treatment strategies, while the remaining antimetabolites represent new potential drugs. Finally, one of the identified targets was validated experimentally, and it was confirmed to attenuate growth of the HepG2 cell line.
Splined Speed Control using SpAM (Speed-based Acceleration Maps) for an Autonomous Ground Vehicle (2008)

There are many forms of speed control for an autonomous ground vehicle currently in development. Most use a simple PID controller to achieve a speed specified by a higher-level motion planning algorithm. Simple controllers may not provide a desired acceleration profile for a ground vehicle. Also, without extensive tuning the PID controller may cause excessive speed overshoot and oscillation. This paper examines an approach that was designed to allow a greater degree of control while reducing the computing load on the motion planning software. The SpAM+PI (Speed-based Acceleration Map + Proportional Integral controller) algorithm outlined in this paper uses three inputs: current velocity, desired velocity and desired maximum acceleration, to determine throttle and brake commands that will allow the vehicle to achieve its correct speed. Because this algorithm resides on an external controller it does not add to the computational load of the motion planning computer. Also, with only two inputs that are needed only when there is a change in desired speed or maximum desired acceleration, network traffic between the computers can be greatly reduced. The algorithm uses splines to smoothly plan a speed profile from the vehicle's current speed to its desired speed. It then uses a lookup table to determine the correct pedal position (throttle or brake) using the current vehicle speed and a desired instantaneous acceleration that was determined in the splining step of the algorithm. Once the pedal position is determined a PI controller is used to minimize error in the system. The SpAM+PI approach is a novel approach to the speed control of an autonomous vehicle. This academic experiment is tested using Odin, Team Victor Tango's entry into the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge which won 3rd place and a $500,000 prize. The evaluation of the algorithm exposed both strengths and weaknesses that guide the next step in the development of a speed control algorithm.
β-Phenylethylamines and the isoquinoline alkaloids (2004)

This review covers beta-phenylethylamines and isoquinoline alkaloids derived from them, including further products of oxidation. condensation with formaldehyde and rearrangement, some of which do not contain an isoquinoline system, together with naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, which have a different biogenetic origin. The occurrence of the alkaloids, with the structures of new bases, together with their reactions, syntheses and biological activities are reported. The literature from July 2002 to June 2003 is reviewed, with 568 references cited.
Stability of Beta Alumina Electrolyte in Sodium / FeCl2 (Zebra) Cells (1989)

The stability of beta alumina in fully developed Zebra cells under long‐term cycling has been proven. In the early stages of development of the cell, some problems in the form of increased resistances were encountered under certain extreme conditions of temperature and voltage. While these difficulties have now been overcome in practical cells, the scientific investigation into the causes of the anomalous resistance behavior showed it to be related to the interaction of the beta alumina with constitutents of the positive electrode compartment. In particular, iron has been shown to enter beta alumina in the presence of an electric field when current is passing, if the cell is deliberately overheated. However, it was found that only the β (but not the β'') phase was modified by the incursion of iron. The resistance of the iron‐doped regions of the ceramic was very high. Chloroaluminate melts also irreversibly damage the beta alumina in the absence of an electric field, when or excess is present, by abstraction of Na+ ions, forming γ alumina.
The Different Therapeutic Choices with ARBs. Which One to Give? When? Why? (2016)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension and is closely related with cardio- and cerebrovascular events and chronic kidney diseases. Each angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) is important in the treatment of hypertension, according to the results of recent years. This is a practical review of the available evidence on the different benefits of ARBs beyond their blood pressure-lowering effect, with an emphasis on the differences found between the particular compounds and the therapeutic implications of the findings, with specific reference to the co-morbidities.
Behavior of water droplets located on a hydrophobic insulating plate under DC field (2002)

The behavior of water droplets placed on the surface of a hydrophobic polymer plate under a DC field was investigated experimentally. In order to confirm the effect of hydrophobicity on the movement of the water droplet, three kinds of hydrophobic insulating materials-PTFE, silicone rubber (SR) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM)-were used. Water droplets were placed on the insulating plate in contact with the aluminum foil electrode or placed between the thin foil electrodes. A single droplet placed in contact with the electrode on the SR or EPDM plate was elongated and a water filament extended along the surface by the electrostatic force, while that on the PTFE plate left the electrode. The water droplet placed on the border of electrode at the PTFE plate was deformed and formed a semi-cone at a triple junction. The apparent contact angle varied with time for a constant applied voltage and some amounts of charge were emitted by micro discharge or by ejection of small droplets. The behavior of the droplets under DC field strongly depends on not only the hydrophobicity but also the surface property of an insulating plate.
Quadriceps femoris muscle weakness and activation failure in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (2003)

The finding of quadriceps weakness is consistent with past literature. Providing adequate instruction, feedback, and several attempts to maximally contract the muscle likely yielded greater volitional activation (thus less activation failure) than had been reported previously. This finding has implications for the rehabilitation of weakened quadriceps in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
The Commission of Conservation and the Canadian Atlantic Fisheries (1988)

The Commission of Conservation and the Canadian Atlantic Fisheries. Un article de la revue Scientia Canadensis (Volume 12, numéro 1 (34), printemps–été–spring–summer 1988, p. 2-69) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
The oxidation-reduction potential of the reaction-centre chlorophyll (P700) in Photosystem I. Evidence for multiple components in electron-paramagnetic-resonance signal 1 at low temperature (1977)

The oxidation-reduction potential of the reaction-centre chlorophyll of Photosystem I (P700) in spinach chloroplasts was determined by using the ability of the reaction centre to photoreduce the bound ferredoxin and to photo-oxidize P700 on illumination at 20K as an indicator of the oxidation state of P700. This procedure shows that P700 is oxidized with Em (pH8.0)(mid-point redox potential at pH8.0)congruent to +375mV. Further oxidation of the chloroplast preparations by high concentrations of K3Fe(CN)6(10mM) in the presence of mediating dyes leads to the appearance of a large radical signal with an apparent Em congruent to +470mVA second, light-inducible, radical also appears over the same potential range. We propose that these signals are due to bulk chlorophyll oxidation and not, as was previously thought [Knaff & Malkin (1973) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 159, 555-562], to reaction-centre oxidation. A number of optical techniques were used to determine Em of P700. Dual-wavelength spectroscopy (697-720nm) indicates Em congruent to +460-+480mV. The spectrum of the sample during the titration showed a large contribution to the signal by bulk chlorophyll oxidation, in agreement with the electron-paramagnetic-resonance results and those of Ke, Sugahara & Shaw [(1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 408, 12-25]. The light-induced absorbance change at 435 nm, usually attributed to P700, showed a potential dependence similar to that of bulk chlorophyll oxidation. Determination of Em of P700 on the basis of the appearance of the P700 signal in oxidized-versus-reduced difference spectra showed Em (pH8.0) congruent to +360mV. Measurements of the effect of potential on the irreversible photo-oxidation of P700 at 77K showed that P700 became oxidized in this potential range. We conclude that the reaction-centre chlorophyll of Photosystem I has Em (pH8.0) congruent to +375mV.
Assessment of Leeds device for monitoring intracranial pressure (1984)

In Leeds a screw device is used to monitor surface subarachnoid pressure following severe head injury. The possibility that such measurements may under-read true intracranial pressure (ICP) has led to the development of an infusion test to confirm free communication with the surface subarachnoid space. The results of 69 infusion tests using 18 devices reveal that the device was reading accurately on 33 of 69 occasions. In 31 of the remaining 36, correction of the problem was possible. Particularly at ICP values exceeding 20 mm Hg the Leeds device may under-read, and possible causes for this are discussed. Reliable readings can usually be obtained using the infusion sequence described.
Randomized controlled trial of monopolar cautery versus clips for staple line bleeding control in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (2018)

In laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, monopolar cauterization for SLBC can be used instead of clipping. It appears that monopolar cautery is a safe and effective approach for SLBC in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Two new measurement methods for determining TN structure (1997)

A TN structure is characterized by a twist angle (Theta) and a Deltand value, where Deltan is the refractive index anisotropy value of a liquid crystal material and d is the TN cell gap value. Two new methods for measuring these values have been proposed. One is to determine only the Deltand value by rotating the TN cell for a known Theta value. The other is to determine the Deltand value and the Theta value by rotating the analyser. After analysing these measurement methods, the Deltand value, or the Deltand value and Theta can be determined graphically. These methods can easily be applied to automatic measurement systems.
Long-range order and spin-liquid states of polycrystalline Tb<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>Ti<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>O<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> (2013)

Low-temperature states of polycrystalline samples of a frustrated pyrochlore oxide Tb${}_{2+x}$Ti${}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}$O${}_{7+y}$ have been investigated by specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, and neutron scattering experiments. We have found that this system can be tuned by a minute change of $x$ from a spin-liquid state ($x<{x}_{\text{c}}$) to a partly ordered state with a small antiferromagnetic ordering of the order of $0.1{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\text{B}}$. Specific heat shows a sharp peak at a phase transition at ${T}_{\text{c}}=0.5$ K for $x=0.005$. Magnetic excitation spectra for this sample change from a quasielastic to a gapped type through ${T}_{\text{c}}$. The possibility of a Jahn-Teller transition is discussed.
Deletion analysis of the capsid protein of Sindbis virus: identification of the RNA binding region (1993)

The capsid protein of Sindbis virus has multiple functions in the life cycle of the virus. One essential function is to interact with the genomic RNA of the virus to form the nucleocapsid. The experiments described in this article define a region of the protein that is required for binding to Sindbis virus RNA. The assay we used measured the binding of in vitro-translated proteins to RNA on the basis of their migration with the RNA during electrophoresis in an agarose gel. Binding to RNA showed specificity; more protein bound to an RNA containing the previously defined packaging signal in Sindbis virus RNAs than to a similar RNA lacking this sequence. We were able to produce a variety of deleted forms of the capsid protein by constructing cDNAs with in-frame deletions throughout the coding region of the capsid protein gene. These cDNAs were then transcribed into mRNAs and translated in vitro. C-terminal deletions in the capsid protein were obtained by preparing transcripts from cDNAs linearized at sites within the coding region. Our studies identified a 32-amino-acid region that is essential for the specificity in RNA binding, and they defined a 68-amino-acid minimal sequence which displays almost the complete specific RNA binding activity of the intact Sindbis virus capsid protein containing 264 amino acids.
Improvement of Frequency Standards with Quantum Entanglement (1997)

The optimal precision of frequency measurements in the presence of decoherence is discussed. We analyze different preparations of $n$ two-level systems as well as different measurement procedures. We show that standard Ramsey spectroscopy on uncorrelated atoms and optimal measurements on maximally entangled states provide the same resolution. The best resolution is achieved using partially entangled preparations with a high degree of symmetry.
Comparison of human hemoglobin A carrying glutathione and a mixed disulfide with the naturally occurring human hemoglobin A<sub>3</sub> (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of human hemoglobin A carrying glutathione and a mixed disulfide with the naturally occurring human hemoglobin A3Walter Birchmeier, Peter E. Tuchschmid, and Kaspar H. WinterhalterCite this: Biochemistry 1973, 12, 19, 3667–3672Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00743a015https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00743a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of the Miniscreen assay to screen novel compounds for bacterial mutagenicity in the pharmacentical industry (1996)

In vitro assays for mutagenicity are an important feature of pre-clinical testing and form part of the current regulatory testing conducted early in drug development. They can also play a part in compound selection since mutagenic compounds can be eliminated from a range of potential candidates. Bacterial tests are particularly useful in this area because they generate results quickly, though their use may be limited because they can require up to 4 g of material. A scaled-down version of the Ames test has been developed which requires only approximately 20 mg of material. Initial experiences with this assay using a range of known mutagens and novel compounds have shown that the Miniscreen has similar sensitivity to the Ames test. The major exception is for those mutagens preferentially detected with strains TA1537 and TA1535, which, because of their low spontaneous counts, are not employed in the Miniscreen.
A Low-Loss Diffraction Grating Frequency Multiplexer (1978)

A quasi-optical frequency multiplexer based on a blazed diffraction grating is studied. Experimental data, supported by semi-quantitative theoretical considerations, show that the multiplexer is an efficient channel-dropping filter well suited to use in the millimeter wave region. A feature of the grating multiplexer which sets it apart from conventional designs is its ability to drop several channels using a single frequency-selective element, namely, a diffraction grating. This economy of hardware results in a simple, compact structure. The channels of the experimental multiplexer have typical bandwidths of ~540 MHz with loss of ~1 dB. The width of the impulse response at half amplitude is ~1.5 ns. Return loss within a channel is typically 15-20 dB. Comparisons with other millimeter wave multiplexer designs are discussed.
Low-oxygen enrichment in coal-fired utility boilers (2015)

The benefits of oxygen enrichment have been demonstrated in a variety of industrial combustion applications, such as glass melting, steel reheating furnaces, cement/lime kilns, etc. To date, no long-term industrial-scale implementation of oxygen enrichment in boilers has been reported, primarily due to their already high thermal efficiencies, and to the very large scale of these systems – requiring significant amounts of oxygen. In recent years, the topic of oxygen combustion in boilers has experienced a strong comeback, due to the appearance of new drivers. Oxygen enrichment is an effective tool in reducing emissions, and in using low-calorific fuels. Additionally, the increasing interest in carbon capture and sequestration has made the concept of a full oxygen-fired boiler more of a reality, since power generation produces around 30 % of the greenhouse gases. This paper analyzes the use of low-oxygen enrichment in boilers, in terms of operational and economical impact. A literature review of the impact of oxygen in coal-fired systems is presented. Several technological solutions for the low-oxygen enrichment operation are proposed and accompanied by numerical simulation results. In addition, results of comprehensive low-oxygen enrichment tests performed on a 1.5 MW pilot boiler using Illinois coal are reported, including the impact of oxy-combustion on a variety of pollutants, such as NOx and unburnt carbon in ash. Finally, the paper presents the economical aspects related to the technology. It is concluded that the oxy-fired operation may represent an economical way to lower the cost of power generation.
THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE PUBLIC: AN OPEN FORUM (1951)

George Wheatley9s letter reminding us of the frightful toll of child life exacted by accidents prompts me to mention a practice I have tried to make routine. Probably many other Academy members have done about the same. The one year check-up, practically universally practiced by pediatricians, is a strategic time to bring up the danger of accidents which are so frequent in the preschool period. Before giving the routine booster of triple vaccine and tuberculin test, I like to make a point of reminding the mother that her child has safely passed one of the most dangerous periods of life—the first year. I believe it impresses the mother when I tell her that from now on the principal danger to her child is not poliomyelitis, not scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough or pneumonia, but that if she should lose her child, it is more likely to be through accidental injury. She is reminded that many household cleaning powders and liquids may fatally poison her child or horribly disfigure him, that a few aspirin tablets or two or three of grandmother9s heart pills might kill him. This statement is reinforced with the true statement that I have seen children die from exactly these causes.