gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alkaline Phosphatase-Mimicking Peptide Nanofibers for Osteogenic Differentiation (2015)

Recognition of molecules and regulation of extracellular matrix synthesis are some of the functions of enzymes in addition to their catalytic activity. While a diverse array of enzyme-like materials have been developed, these efforts have largely been confined to the imitation of the chemical structure and catalytic activity of the enzymes, and it is unclear whether enzyme-mimetic molecules can also be used to replicate the matrix-regulatory roles ordinarily performed by natural enzymes. Self-assembled peptide nanofibers can provide multifunctional enzyme-mimetic properties, as the active sequences of the target enzymes can be directly incorporated into the peptides. Here, we report enhanced bone regeneration efficiency through peptide nanofibers carrying both catalytic and matrix-regulatory functions of alkaline phosphatase, a versatile enzyme that plays a critical role in bone formation by regulating phosphate homeostasis and calcifiable bone matrix formation. Histidine presenting peptide nanostructures were developed to function as phosphatases. These molecules are able to catalyze phosphate hydrolysis and serve as bone-like nodule inducing scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase-like peptide nanofibers enabled osteogenesis for both osteoblast-like and mesenchymal cell lines.
Transcriptional landscape of B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on an international study of 1,223 cases (2018)

Most B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) can be classified into known major genetic subtypes, while a substantial proportion of BCP ALL remains poorly characterized in relation to its underlying genomic abnormalities. We therefore initiated a large-scale international study to reanalyze and delineate the transcriptome landscape of 1,223 BCP ALL cases using RNA sequencing. Fourteen BCP ALL gene expression subgroups (G1 to G14) were identified. Apart from extending eight previously described subgroups (G1 to G8 associated with <i>MEF2D</i> fusions, <i>TCF3-PBX1</i> fusions, <i>ETV6-RUNX1</i>-positive/<i>ETV6-RUNX1</i>-like, <i>DUX4</i> fusions, <i>ZNF384</i> fusions, <i>BCR-ABL1</i>/Ph-like, high hyperdiploidy, and <i>KMT2A</i> fusions), we defined six additional gene expression subgroups: G9 was associated with both <i>PAX5</i> and <i>CRLF2</i> fusions; G10 and G11 with mutations in <i>PAX5</i> (p.P80R) and <i>IKZF1</i> (p.N159Y), respectively; G12 with <i>IGH-CEBPE</i> fusion and mutations in <i>ZEB2</i> (p.H1038R); and G13 and G14 with <i>TCF3/4-HLF</i> and <i>NUTM1</i> fusions, respectively. In pediatric BCP ALL, subgroups G2 to G5 and G7 (51 to 65/67 chromosomes) were associated with low-risk, G7 (with ≤50 chromosomes) and G9 were intermediate-risk, whereas G1, G6, and G8 were defined as high-risk subgroups. In adult BCP ALL, G1, G2, G6, and G8 were associated with high risk, while G4, G5, and G7 had relatively favorable outcomes. This large-scale transcriptome sequence analysis of BCP ALL revealed distinct molecular subgroups that reflect discrete pathways of BCP ALL, informing disease classification and prognostic stratification. The combined results strongly advocate that RNA sequencing be introduced into the clinical diagnostic workup of BCP ALL.
Computer-aided diagnostic system for prostate cancer detection and characterization combining learned dictionaries and supervised classification (2014)

This paper aims at presenting results of a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system for voxel based detection and characterization of prostate cancer in the peripheral zone based on multiparametric magnetic resonance (mp-MR) imaging. We propose an original scheme with the combination of a feature extraction step based on a sparse dictionary learning (DL) method and a supervised classification in order to discriminate normal {N}, normal but suspect {NS} tissues as well as different classes of cancer tissue whose aggressiveness is characterized by the Gleason score ranging from 6 {GL6} to 9 {GL9}. We compare the classification performance of two supervised methods, the linear support vector machine (SVM) and the logistic regression (LR) classifiers in a binary classification task. Classification performances were evaluated over an mp-MR image database of 35 patients where each voxel was labeled, based on a ground truth, by an expert radiologist. Results show that the proposed method in addition to being explicable thanks to the sparse representation of the voxels compares well (AUC>0.8) with recent state-of-the-art performances. Preliminary visual analysis of example patient cancer probability maps indicate that cancer probabilities tend to increase as a function of the Gleason score.
Effects of Precursor and Support Variation in the Genesis of Uranium Oxide Catalysts for CO Oxidation and Selective Reduction of NO:  Synthesis and Characterization (2005)

A range of uranium oxide-based catalysts, derived from UO2(NO3)2.6H2O and UCl4 precursors, and supported on gamma-Al2O3, SiO2 and mesoporous H1SiO2, have been synthesized and then characterized using the following methods: isothermal nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS), gas titration of surface hydroxyl groups using Grignard reagents, U L(III) extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. Brij76-templated H1SiO2 mesoporous silicas are found to be essentially stable under flowing oxygen after 16 h at 1073 K. At temperatures above this, however, extensive structural collapse, together with extensive dehydroxylation, ensues. Titration of the accessible hydroxyl group concentrations shows that in these materials the density of OH groups is considerably lower than in their amorphous counterparts. The adsorption of uranyl nitrate onto these dispersants results in a supported, and partially dehydrated, phase of the parent molecule with little obvious structural distortion; however, the adsorption of UCl4 leads to a complex adstructure which may best be described as U(O)2Cl2. The subsequent formation of the uranium oxide phase, nominally active for the oxidation of CO and selective reduction of NO (generally accepted to be U3O8), is found to be a considerable function of both the precursor and support system employed. Calcination of such systems to 1073 K results in extensive extrusion of the supported uranium phase from mesoporous supports, resulting in the formation of very large orthorhombic U3O8 domains. PXRD, however, shows that on amorphous SiO2 and gamma-Al2O3 similar treatment results in the formation of a hexagonal phase of U3O8. The formation of U3O8 is found to be promoted in mesoporous systems and by the presence of Cl in the catalyst make up. Some evidence is also found that suggests that a persistence of Cl limits the growth of U3O8 domains.
Compressively-strained InGaAsP-active (λ=0.85 μm) VCSELs (2002)

We demonstrate that laser structures with InGaAsP-active/AlGaAs-confining layers are easy to implement into a conventional VCSEL design with good performance. The structures show performance similar to that of conventional GaAs-active layer VCSELs at /spl lambda/=0.85 /spl mu/m. Optimization of the compressive strain value in the active layer and implementation of strain-compensated InGaAsP/GaAsP/AlGaAs active regions is expected to further improve device performance.
Design of a compliant-cylinder-type fiber-optic accelerometer: theory and experiment (1995)

Experimental and theoretical research was carried out in order to establish the dependence of the performance of a compliant-cylinder-based fiber-optic accelerometer on the geometry and elastic properties of the transducer cylinders. The sensitivity and the natural frequency of the sensor were measured as a function of the ratio ε = (inner cylinder diameter)/(outer cylinder diameter). Two transducer materials with different elastic properties, a silicone rubber (Ecosil) and a polyetheretherketone polymer (PEEK 450G), were examined. It was found that with decreasing ε the sensitivity increases in the case of Ecosil and decreases in the case of PEEK. In both cases the natural frequency increases with decreasing ε. A simple analytical model was developed in order to explain this behavior qualitatively. The model takes into account the contributions to the effective stiffness from both the cylinder material and the fiber wrapped around the cylinder. The model is useful for the design of such types of accelerometer.
Impact DG on voltage regulation (2003)

This paper includes the technical impact of distributed generation (DG) on voltage regulation when integrated into a typical distribution system. To study the interaction of DG with voltage regulators and capacitors, computer models were developed and control systems simulated and implemented. Test cases are presented that demonstrate and visualize the impact of DG on voltage regulation and the interaction of DG with voltage regulators and capacitors.
Partition-wise Linear Models (2014)

Region-specific linear models are widely used in practical applications because of their non-linear but highly interpretable model representations. One of the key challenges in their use is non-convexity in simultaneous optimization of regions and region-specific models. This paper proposes novel convex region-specific linear models, which we refer to as partition-wise linear models. Our key ideas are 1) assigning linear models not to regions but to partitions (region-specifiers) and representing region-specific linear models by linear combinations of partition-specific models, and 2) optimizing regions via partition selection from a large number of given partition candidates by means of convex structured regularizations. In addition to providing initialization-free globally-optimal solutions, our convex formulation makes it possible to derive a generalization bound and to use such advanced optimization techniques as proximal methods and decomposition of the proximal maps for sparsity-inducing regularizations. Experimental results demonstrate that our partition-wise linear models perform better than or are at least competitive with state-of-the-art region-specific or locally linear models.
Antimicrobial, Mechanical and Thermal Studies of Silver Particle-Loaded Polyurethane (2013)

Silver-particle-incorporated polyurethane films were evaluated for antimicrobial activity towards two different bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Distributed silver particles sourced from silver nitrate, silver lactate and preformed silver nanoparticles were mixed with polyurethane (PU) and variously characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contact angle measurement. Antibacterial activity against E.coli was confirmed for films loaded with 10% (w/w) AgNO3, 1% and 10% (w/w) Ag lactate and preformed Ag nanoparticles. All were active against S. aureus, but Ag nanoparticles loaded with PU had a minor effect. The apparent antibacterial performance of Ag lactate-loaded PU is better than other Ag ion-loaded films, revealed from the zone of inhibition study. The better performance of silver lactate-loaded PU was the likely result of a porous PU structure. FESEM and FTIR indicated direct interaction of silver with the PU backbone, and XRD patterns confirmed that face-centred cubic-type silver, representative of Ag metal, was present. Young's modulus, tensile strength and the hardness of silver containing PU films were not adversely affected and possibly marginally increased with silver incorporation. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) indicated greater thermal stability.
An 8b 600MS/s 200mW CMOS folding A/D converter using an amplifier preset technique (2004)

An 8b CMOS folding ADC with resistive averaging and interpolation exhibits 7.5 ENOB and a maximum sample frequency of 600MS/s while dissipating only 200mW. The ADC utilizes preset switches at the outputs of the pre-amplifiers. Chip area is 0.2mm/sup 2/, and supply voltage is 3.3/1.8V in 0.35/0.18/spl mu/m CMOS.
Glucocorticoids increase CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>high</sup>cell percentage and Foxp3 expression in patients with multiple sclerosis (2008)

Results suggest that glucocorticoids increase Treg cell functional molecules and percentages. This may be a mechanism whereby steroids expedite recovery from MS relapses.
Spontaneous Formation of Helically Twisted Fibers from 2-Glucosamide Bolaamphiphiles:  Energy-Filtering Transmission Electron Microscopic Observation and Even−Odd Effect of Connecting Bridge (1999)

A series of nonionic sugar-based bolaamphiphiles having n-alkylene chain length of 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, or 18 carbon atoms, N,N‘-bis(2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosid-2-yl)alkane-1,n-dicarboxamide, 1(n), have been synthesized in one step from commercially available glucosamine hydrochloride. Their self-assembling morphologies in 50% aqueous methanolic solutions have been studied using energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM). The bolaamphiphiles 1(n) (n = 10, 12, and 14) with an even-numbered carbon bridge produced well-defined helically twisted fibers of 8−25 nm width with a high axial ratio. The fiber morphology was found to display a pronounced even−odd dependence upon the number of carbons (n) in the connecting alkylene bridge. A similar trend was also exhibited by the infrared band frequencies and by the wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns. Anomeric ratios of 1(n) were approximately constant across the series and had no remarkable effect upon the fiber morphology.
Cerebrovascular Vasodilation to Extraluminal Acidosis Occurs via Combined Activation of ATP-Sensitive and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Activated Potassium Channels (2003)

Albeit controversial, it has been suggested by several authors that nitric oxide (NO) serves as a permissive factor in the cerebral blood flow response to systemic hypercapnia. Potassium channels are important regulators of cerebrovascular tone and may be modulated by a basal perivascular NO level. To elucidate the functional targets of the proposed NO modulation during hypercapnia-induced vasodilation, the authors performed experiments in isolated, cannulated, and pressurized rat middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Extracellular pH was reduced from 7.4 to 7.0 in the extraluminal bath to induce NO dependent vasodilation. Acidosis increased vessel diameter by 35 +/- 10%. In separate experiments, ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) were blocked by extraluminal application of glibenclamide (Glib), Ca2+-activated potassium channels (KCa) by tetraethylammonium (TEA), voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) by 4-aminopyridine, and inward rectifier potassium channels (KIR) by BaCl2. Na+-K+-ATP-ase was inhibited by ouabain. Application of TEA slightly constricted the arteries at pH 7.4 and slightly but significantly attenuated the vasodilation to acidosis. Inhibition of the other potassium channels or Na+-K+-ATP-ase had no effect. Combined blockade of KATP and KCa channels further reduced resting diameter, and abolished acidosis induced vasodilation. The authors conclude that mainly KCa channels are active under resting conditions. KATP and KCa channels are responsible for vasodilation to acidosis. Activity of one of these potassium channel families is sufficient for vasodilation to acidosis, and only combined inhibition completely abolishes vasodilation. During NO synthase inhibition, dilation to the KATP channel opener pinacidil or the KCa channel opener NS1619 was attenuated or abolished, respectively. The authors suggest that a basal perivascular NO level is necessary for physiologic KATP and KCa channel function in rat MCA. Future studies have to elucidate whether this NO dependent effect on KATP and KCa channel function is a principle mechanism of NO induced modulation of cerebrovascular reactivity and whether the variability of findings in the literature concerning a modulatory role of NO can be explained by different levels of vascular NO/cGMP concentrations within the cerebrovascular tree.
Subchronic D-Fenfluramine Treatment Enhances the Immunological Competance of Old Female Fischer 344 Rats (1991)

Young (5 mo) and old (21 mo) female Fischer 344 (F344) rats received the serotonin (5-HT) releaser and reuptake inhibitor, d-fenfluramine (d-Fen; 0.6 mg/kg/day, p.o.), in their deionized drinking water for 30–38 days. The control animals had access ad libitum to deionized water. In comparison to the young animals, the old rats showed a significantly higher percentage of splenic large granular lymphocytes (%LGL) and greater concanavalin A (Con-A) stimulated T cell proliferation. The old d-Fen treated rats, furthermore, showed a significant: 1) further increase in %LGL; 2) enhancement of both basal and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) stimulated natural killer cytotoxicity; and, 3) augmentation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced B cell mitogenesis. d-Fenfluramine did not affect any of the immunological parameters studied in the yound rats, and did not affect the animals’ body weights, 24 h fluid intakes, or the levels of medial frontal cortex monoamines and their metabolites. These data suggest that prolonged 5-HT release and/or reuptake inhibition enhances immune competence in old but not in young female F344 rats.
Oxidative electropolymerization of polypyridyl complexes of ruthenium (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative electropolymerization of polypyridyl complexes of rutheniumCharles D. Ellis, Lawrence D. Margerum, Royce W. Murray, and Thomas J. MeyerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 9, 1283–1291Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00151a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00151a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1113Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neutrosophic Geometric Programming (NGP) Problems Subject to (/, .) Operator; the Minimum Solution (2020)

This paper comes as a second step serves the purpose of constructing a neutrosophic optimization model for the relation geometric programming problems subject to (max, product) operator in its constraints. This essay comes simultaneously with my previous paper entitled (Neutrosophic Geometric Programming (NGP) with (max-product) Operator, An Innovative Model) which contains the structure of the maximum solution. The purpose of this article is to set up the minimum solution for the (RNGP) problems, the author faced many difficulties, where the feasible region for this type of problems is already nonconvex; furthermore, the negative signs of the exponents with neutrosophic variables 𝑥𝑗 ∈ [0,1] ∪ 𝐼 . A new technique to avoid the divided by the indeterminacy component (𝐼) was introduced; Separate the neutrosophic geometric programming into two optimization models, introducing two new matrices named as the distinguishing matrix and the facilitation matrix. All these notions were important for finding the minimum solution of the program. Finally, two numerical examples were presented to enable the reader to understand this work.
Plant mucilages. XL. A representative mucilage, "Hibiscus-mucilage SF", from the flower buds of Hibiscus syriacus. (1987)

A representative mucilage, named Hibiscus-mucilage SF, was isolated from the white flower buds of Hibiscus syriacus L. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography. Its intrinsic viscosity value in aqueous solution was 26.0. It is mainly composed of partially acetylated acidic polysaccharide of molecular weight 1050000, and is composed of L-rhamnose : D-galactose : D-galacturonic acid : D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 36 : 36 : 33 : 22. Methylation analysis of both the mucilage and the carboxyl-reduced derivative, and partial hydrolysis studies enabled elucidation of the structural features.
Simple methods for testing the molecular evolutionary clock hypothesis. (1993)

Simple statistical methods for testing the molecular evolutionary clock hypothesis are developed which can be applied to both nucleotide and amino acid sequences. These methods are based on the chi-square test and are applicable even when the pattern of substitution rates is unknown and/or the substitution rate varies among different sites. Furthermore, some of the methods can be applied even when the outgroup is unknown. Using computer simulations, these methods were compared with the likelihood ratio test and the relative rate test. The results indicate that the powers of the present methods are similar to those of the likelihood ratio test and the relative rate test, in spite of the fact that the latter two tests assume that the pattern of substitution rates follows a certain model and that the substitution rate is the same among different sites, while such assumptions are not necessary to apply the present methods. Therefore, the present methods might be useful.
Neoliberal globalization and domestic accommodation: Combining efficiency and legitimacy (2001)

Globalization is not a unique issue. The market economy has been constantly globalized since its formation in Europe in the late fifteenth century. However, its neoliberal nature is very contemporary. At the international level, measures to open more markets and to liberalize trade have been negotiated and incorporated into the rules of the WTO, the IMF, and the regional bodies of economic cooperation. At the domestic level, neoliberal reform packages have been tried or imposed externally particularly in East Asian countries after the financial crisis in the late 1997. This study defines the nature of neoliberal globalization and identifies its limitations and pressures upon domestic political economy. It also reviews briefly the ‘third way’ politics in Europe and another ‘third way’ experiment in China to find some critical lessons in responding to neoliberal reform pressures.