gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of Backtracking Wave-Pipeline Switch to Support Guaranteed Throughput in Network-on-Chip (2011)

It is a challenging task in a network-on-chip to design an on-chip switch/router to dynamically support (hard) guaranteed throughput under very tight on-chip constraints of power, timing, area, and time-to-market. This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel pipeline circuit-switched switch to support guaranteed throughput. The proposed circuit-switched switch, based on a backtracking probing path setup, operates with a source-synchronous wave-pipeline approach. The switch can support a dead- and live-lock free dynamic path-setup scheme and can achieve high bandwidth and high area and energy efficiency. A silicon-proven prototype of a 16-bit-data 5-bidirectional-port switch in a four-metal-layer 0.18-μ m CMOS standard-cell technology can yield an aggregate data bandwidth of up to 73.84 Gb/s, while occupying only a modest area of 0.0315 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The synthesizable implementation of the proposed switch also results in a cost-effective design, fast development time, and portability.
A scheduling mechanism for lock-free operation of a lightweight process library for SMP computers (2002)

We have designed and implemented a lightweight process (thread) library called "Lesser Bear" for SMP computers. Lesser Bear has high portability and thread-level parallelism. Lesser Bear executes threads in parallel by creating UNIX processes as virtual processors and a memory mapped file as a huge shared-memory space. To schedule threads in parallel, the shared-memory space has been divided into working spaces for each virtual processor and a ready queue has been distributed. But the preview version of Lesser Bear sometimes requires a lock operation for dequeueing. We therefore proposed a scheduling mechanism that does not require a lock operation. To achieve this, each divided space forms a rotatory topology through the queue, and we use a lock-free algorithm for the queue operation. This mechanism is applied to Lesser Bear and evaluated by experimental results.
β-Phosphorylated Five Membered Ring Nitroxides. Synthesis and EPR Study (1993)

A series of stable beta-phosphorylated five membered ring nitroxides was prepared by intramolecular aminomercuration of alkenyl alpha-aminophosphonates. The structure of these nitroxides was deduced from their 13C and 31P coupling constants and from force field calculations.
Cellular mechanisms underlying the long QT syndrome (2002)

QT prolongation is commonly associated with life-threatening torsade de pointes arrhythmias that develop as a consequence of the amplification of electrical heterogeneities intrinsic to the ventricular myocardium. These heterogeneities exist because of differences in the time course of repolarization of the three predominant cell types that make up the ventricular myocardium, giving rise to transmural voltage gradients and a dispersion of repolarization responsible for the inscription of the electrocardiographic T wave. Agents and conditions that reduce net repolarizing current amplify the intrinsic spatial dispersion of repolarization, thus creating the substrate for the development of re-entry. The result is a prolongation of the QT interval, abnormal T waves, and development of polymorphic re-entrant ventricular tachycardia displaying characteristics of torsades de pointes. These conditions also predispose M cells and Purkinje fibers to develop early afterdepolarization-induced extrasystoles, which are thought to trigger episodes of torsades de pointes. Agents that prolong the QT interval but do not increase transmural dispersion of repolarization are not capable of inducing torsades de pointes. The available data suggest that that the principal problem with the long QT syndrome is not long QT intervals but rather the dispersion of repolarization that often accompanies prolongation of the QT interval.
Self-Interference Cancellation in Full-Duplex Radio Transceivers with Oscillator Phase Noise (2014)

This paper addresses the problem of phase-noise estimation and mitigation in full-duplex radio transceivers. It has been shown before that the phase-noise is one of the most critical factors limiting the self-interference suppression performance in full-duplex radio transceivers. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed for the phase-noise estimation and mitigation. The algorithm has high estimation quality and low computational complexity, and it does not require synchronization of the useful and self-interference signals, so it is applicable also in long-range communications. The performance of the algorithm is then evaluated and compared to the performance of the state-of-theart algorithm with extensive computer simulations.
Single‐Gate Bandgap Opening of Bilayer Graphene by Dual Molecular Doping (2011)

Dual doping-driven perpendicular electric field with opposite directions remarkably increase the on/off current ratio of bilayer graphene field-effect transistors. This unambiguously proves that it is possible to open a bandgap with two molecular dopants (F4-TCNQ and NH2 -functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)) even in a single-gate device structure.
Modular analysis of signal transduction networks (2004)

This paper introduces compelling problems of biological systems and signaling networks to show how engineering tools can be applied to the analysis of the cellular machinery. The mechanisms that cells have developed to process information are described, and the decomposition of signalling networks into subsystems is discussed. A novel criterion for defining modules based on the absence of retroactivity is also presented, and some simple criteria for the analysis of the resulting units are introduced. Two simple examples, two-component signaling and MAPK cascade, and a more complicated example, EGF signaling, were reviewed. An important point to discuss in model analysis for cellular system is the availability of experimental data that is sufficient to verify the model structure and model parameters.
Expression of Urokinase‐type Plasminogen Activator (uPA), uPA Receptor, and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor‐1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2006)

Abstract We investigated whether the expression levels of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), uPA receptor (uPAR), and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) correlate with clinicopathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We immunohistochemically examined the expression levels of uPA, uPAR, and PAI‐1 in 160 biopsy specimens of oral SCC. Positive stainings for uPA, uPAR, and PAI‐1 were observed mainly in SCC cells, and their intensity and number of positive cells were related to lymph node involvement ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). The expression levels of uPA and uPAR were also related to the pattern of invasion ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), while both were associated with tumor size ( p < 0.05). Moreover, a poor survival rate was related to the expression of uPAR ( p < 0.01) and PAI‐1 ( p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the uPA system may regulate the invasion and metastasis of oral SCC cells.
Synthetic methods and reactions. 103. Preparation of alkyl iodides from alkyl fluorides and chlorides with iodotrimethylsilane or its in situ analogs (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic methods and reactions. 103. Preparation of alkyl iodides from alkyl fluorides and chlorides with iodotrimethylsilane or its in situ analogsGeorge A. Olah, Subhash C. Narang, and Leslie D. FieldCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 18, 3727–3728Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00331a030RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views564Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (249 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prevention of colorectal cancer using COX-2 inhibitors: basic science and clinical applications (2004)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inducible prostaglandin G/H synthase, is overexpressed in pre-neoplastic tissues and several human cancers including colorectal cancer. Evidence linking COX-2 activity to carcinogenesis was derived from epidemiologic studies and animal models with defect adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. PGE2 induced by COX-2 exerts several biological properties that may be advantageous for tumorigenesis: 1) Promoting angiogenesis (increased VEGF, bFGF, and PDGF production), 2) Anti-apoptosis mechanism (via increased bcl-2 and Akt activity), 3) Stimulating tumor metastasis (by increasing matrix metalloproteinases) and 4) Decreased immune surveillance (decreased cytokine production and NK activity). In addition, COX-2 reaction can cause DNA oxidation and induce mutations. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer has attracted great attention in recent years. Epidemiologic data showed that chronic intake of traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. Recent clinical trial studies showed that celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, is equally effective in reducing colorectal adenomas in animal models and patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), yet with superior GI safety. Two COX-2 inhibitors (celecoxib and refocoxib) have been approved by FDA as adjuncts to usual care in FPA patients, and are currently being studied in patients with sporadic adenomas and other types of cancers. These studies are expected to generate evidence in favor of targeting COX-2 and its gene products as chemopreventive strategies, which may provide an alternative in current approach to reducing the morbidity and mortality of this disease.
Dinuclear Cobalt(II) Complexes Containing 1,3-(or 1,5-)Bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-2-propanolato (or -3-pentanolato): Preparation and Reaction with Molecular Oxygen (1990)

Abstract Two dinuclear cobalt(II,II) complexes, [Co2(tpdp)(CH3COO)](ClO4)2·0.5H2O (1) and [Co2(tmdp)(CH3COO)](ClO4)2·H2O (2), were prepared, where Htpdp and Htmdp are 1,3-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-2-propanol and 1,5-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]-3-pentanol respectively. Their electronic spectral and magnetic data revealed that 1 and 2 are five-coordinate in the high-spin state, in the same manner as [Co2(bpmp)(CH3COO)]2+ (3) (Hbpmp=2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl]-4-methylphenol). The complexes reacted with molecular oxygen to form μ-peroxo complexes in dichloromethane and acetonitrile. The oxygen affinity of the complexes decreased in the order of 3&gt;2&gt;1. The relationships between the oxygen affinities and (1) the donor abilities of dinucleating ligands, (2) the energies of the charge-transfer bands (O22− to Co3+) of the μ-peroxo complexes, and (3) the redox potentials of the Co3+–O2−–Co3+/Co3+–O22−–Co3+ couple indicated that a steric effect arising from the dinucleating ligands contributes significantly to the oxygen affinities of the complexes.
Polarized Photoluminescence from Poly(<i>p</i>-phenylene−ethynylene) via a Block Copolymer Nanotemplate (2003)

A new approach based on a conjugated polymer/block copolymer guest/host system for the generation of polarized photoluminescence is reported. Synthetic modification of a poly(p-phenylene-ethynylene) (PPE) conjugated polymer is used for domain-specific incorporation into a cylindrical morphology block copolymer host matrix. Subsequent ordering of the host nanostructure via roll cast processing templates uniaxial alignment of the guest PPE. The ordered films are optically anisotropic displaying both polarized absorption with a dichroic ratio of 3.0 at 440 nm and polarized emission with a polarization ratio of 7.3 at 472 nm.
Modulation of calcium sensitivity in cardiac muscle cells. (1985)

In the myocardium the relationship between intracellular free calcium and contraction is not unique but may vary over a wide range. Modulation of calcium sensitivity of the myofibrils may be studied in chemically skinned fibres which are devoid of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and in which the ionic composition of the interfilament space can be controlled and influenced at will. Here we review conditions and mechanisms which either lower or raise the free calcium ion concentration required for half maximal activation of a functionally isolated contractile mechanism.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Silver‐Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite (2009)

A silver‐hydroxyapatite nanocomposite has been obtained by a colloidal chemical route and subsequent reduction process in H 2 /Ar atmosphere at 350 ∘ C. This material has been characterized by TEM, XRD, and UV‐Visible spectroscopy, showing the silver nanoparticles (∼65 nm) supported onto the HA particles (∼130 nm) surface without a high degree of agglomeration. The bactericidal effect against common Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria has been also investigated. The results indicated a high antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococcus and Escherichia coli, so this material can be a promising antimicrobial biomaterial for implant and reconstructive surgery applications.
Just say no to paxos overhead: replacing consensus with network ordering (2016)

Distributed applications use replication, implemented by protocols like Paxos, to ensure data availability and transparently mask server failures. This paper presents a new approach to achieving replication in the data center without the performance cost of traditional methods. Our work carefully divides replication responsibility between the network and protocol layers. The network orders requests but does not ensure reliable delivery - using a new primitive we call ordered unreliable multicast (OUM). Implementing this primitive can be achieved with near-zero-cost in the data center. Our new replication protocol, Network-Ordered Paxos (NOPaxos), exploits network ordering to provide strongly consistent replication without coordination. The resulting system not only outperforms both latency - and throughput-optimized protocols on their respective metrics, but also yields throughput within 2% and latency within 16 ms of an unreplicated system - providing replication without the performance cost.
<p>Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles As MRI Contrast Agents In Tumor Multimodal Imaging And Therapy</p> (2019)

Contrast agents (CAs) play a crucial role in high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. At present, as a result of the Gd-based CAs which are associated with renal fibrosis as well as the inherent dark imaging characteristics of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, Mn-based CAs which have a good biocompatibility and bright images are considered ideal for MRI. In addition, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MONs, such as MnO, MnO<sub>2</sub>, Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and MnO<sub>x</sub>) have attracted attention as T1-weighted magnetic resonance CAs due to the short circulation time of Mn(II) ion chelate and the size-controlled circulation time of colloidal nanoparticles. In this review, recent advances in the use of MONs as MRI contrast agents for tumor detection and diagnosis are reported, as are the advances in in vivo toxicity, distribution and tumor microenvironment-responsive enhanced tumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as photothermal and photodynamic therapies.
A technique for improving the distortion of GaAs variable attenuator IC using squeezed-gate FET structure (2002)

This paper describes a novel technique for improving the distortion of the GaAs attenuator IC using squeezed-gate structure of MESFETs. We found that the distortion originated from the steep cutoff Id-Vgs curve of conventional FETs. To obtain smooth cutoff characteristics, we devised the squeezed-gate structure where the FETs with different threshold voltages are connected in parallel making use of the short channel effect. Fabricated IC shows 10 dB reduction of the 3rd order intermodulation distortion by optimizing the ratio of the gate widths.
Recombinant adenovirus‐p21 attenuates proliferative responses associated with excessive scarring (2005)

Excessive cutaneous scarring is an important clinical disorder resulting in adverse tissue growth and function as well as undesirable cosmetic appearance. p21WAF-1/Cip-1 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that blocks cell cycle progression and inhibits cell proliferation. We used a recombinant adenovirus containing the human p21WAF-1/Cip-1 cDNA (rAd-p21) to evaluate proliferative responses in skin models. In vitro dose-response studies using primary human dermal fibroblasts resulted in a dose-dependent expression of p21WAF-1/Cip-1 protein and a 3- to 80-fold reduction in cell proliferation as measured by 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Further, rAd-p21 reduced type I procollagen production when compared to control virus. A rat polyvinyl alcohol sponge model was used to determine rAd-p21 effects on granulation tissue formation in vivo. Sponges pretreated with a granulation tissue stimulator, rAd-PDGF-B and subsequently rAd-p21 on a second injection, showed a p21WAF-1/Cip-1 specific dose-dependent decrease in percent granulation fill as the rAd-p21 dose increased (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry identified human p21WAF-1/Cip-1 expression in sponges treated with rAd-p21 5 days postinjection. Additionally, 5-bromodeoxyuridine and Ki67 staining in sponges treated with rAd-p21 showed a significant decrease in proliferation when compared to rAd-platelet-derived growth factor-B alone or vehicle control groups (p < 0.01). These data support the utility of p21WAF-1/Cip-1 in targeting hyperproliferative disorders of the skin.
Polymerization of Acrolein by Several Cyclic Amines and Water System (1973)

(1973). Polymerization of Acrolein by Several Cyclic Amines and Water System. Journal of Macromolecular Science: Part A - Chemistry: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 569-571.
3'-O-Methylevomonoside: a new cytotoxic cardiac glycoside from Thevetia ahouia A. DC (Apocynaceae) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3'-O-Methylevomonoside: a new cytotoxic cardiac glycoside from Thevetia ahouia A. DC (Apocynaceae)Shivanand D. Jolad, Joseph J. Hoffmann, Jack R. Cole, Michael S. Tempesta, and Robert B. BatesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 9, 1946–1947Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00322a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00322a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Morphological and Histological Study of Castration-Induced Degeneration and Androgen-Induced Regeneration in the Mouse Prostate1 (1986)

Degenerative and regenerative changes in the ductal architecture of the ventral and dorsolateral prostates (VP and DLP) of the adult mouse were investigated in microdissected specimens over a time-course of 14 days following castration and subsequently during 14 days of administration of testosterone propionate. After castration, about 35% of the ductal tips and branch-points were lost in distal regions (usually near the capsule) in both prostatic lobes. By contrast, in more proximal regions of the prostate (closer to the urethra), the ducts survived in an atrophic condition. The ductal morphology that had been lost in the distal regions completely regenerated after testosterone propionate was administered to the castrated males. In the VP, androgen replacement simply returned the gland to its former size with moderate ductal distension; in the DLP, excessive epithelial infoldings and ductal distension were elicited in the distal regions of the ducts after 14 days of treatment with testosterone propionate. These results suggest that androgenic responsiveness and dependency are different in distal versus proximal ducts. Distal ducts are exquisitely androgen-dependent and androgen-sensitive; in proximal regions, androgen-dependency is not as strict.
Polarization mode dispersion compensation at 20 Gb/s with a compact distributed equalizer in LiNbO/sub 3/ (2003)

PMD of existing fibers impairs transmission at rates greater than 10 Gb/s. We present a 43 ps PMD compensator in X-cut, /spl gamma/-propagation LiNbO/sub 3/ with cascaded TE-TM converters and demonstrate successful operation at 20 Gb/s.
Characterization of Immunological Activity of a Low Toxicity Antitumor Lipopolysaccharide from<i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (1994)

Immunological properties of a low toxicity lipopolysaccharide (BP-LPS) extracted from Bordetella pertussis (Tohama strain) which was reported to have high antitumor activity against murine tumors were examined and compared with those of LPS extracted from other enterobacteria. The activation or stimulation of murine macrophages and lymphocytes by these LPS, including TNF induction, was found to be similar. However, BP-LPS was clearly less active in its stimulation of murine and human neutrophils as estimated by neutrophil-adherence assay and by their TNF production than E. coli LPS. Furthermore, BP-LPS also suppressed the activation of human neutrophils by Escherichia coli LPS. A comparative study with 7 LPS preparations indicated that their toxicity in terms of animal body weight loss correlated with their ability to induce human neutrophil adherence. The inability of BP-LPS to activate neutrophils may thus have some bearing on its low toxicity.
Unified bit pattern for leading-zero anticipatory logic for high-speed floating-point addition (2004)

This paper describes a novel design of leading-zero anticipatory (LZA) logic with unified bit pattern for high-speed floating-point addition (FADD). Leading-zero anticipatory logic is a technique to calculate the number of leading zeros of result in parallel with the addition. However, the anticipation might be in error by one bit. Previous schemes to correct this error result in delay or hardware complexity increase. By the unified bit pattern applied, the amount of leading zeros is determined exactly without correction necessity concurrently with addition for the significand.