gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective Formylation of Diphenols (1990)

Abstract An improved procedure for the regioselective formylation of ortho-and para-diphenols is described.
Quota: Rationing server resources in peer-assisted online hosting systems (2009)

The increasingly popular online hosting systems are designed to provide versatile and convenient platforms for content hosting and sharing. To guarantee adequate levels of service quality while conserving prohibitive server costs, such systems are often designed to integrate peer bandwidth contributions with strategic server resource provisioning in a complementary and transparent manner. This paper seeks to explore the design space of new protocols to allocate scarce server resources-including both storage space and bandwidth-in peer-assisted online hosting systems. The objective is to maximize the use of limited server storage and bandwidth resources to guarantee adequate levels of service quality, with respect to file availability and downloading performance, while taking full advantage of peer assistance. We identify a number of unique challenges involved in such systems, and propose our design of resource allocation protocols to address these challenges, based on both mathematical analysis and practical implementations. Using real world data sets that we have collected, we evaluate our protocol design through extensive experimental studies from different perspectives, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our design and offer a number of practical guidelines.
Morphology and tenacity of the tube foot disc of three common European sea urchin species: a comparative study (2006)

The variation in tenacity of single tube feet from three sea urchin species with contrasted habitats was assessed and correlated with the ultrastructure of their adhesive secretory granules. The tube feet of Arbacia lixula and Sphaerechinus granularis have larger discs and more complex adhesive granules than those of Paracentrotus lividus, but A. lixula attaches to glass with significantly lower tenacity (0.05-0.09 MPa) than the other two species (0.10-0.20 and 0.11 -0.29 MPa, respectively). However, the estimated maximal attachment force one tube foot can produce is similar for all three species investigated. No clear relationship between tube foot size, tenacity, adhesive secretory granule ultrastructure and species habitat can therefore be established. For P. lividus the tenacity of single tube foot discs on four different smooth substrata was also compared, which showed that both the total surface energy and the ratio of polar to non-polar forces at the surface influence tube foot attachment strength. This influence of the surface characteristics of the substratum appears to affect the cohesiveness of the adhesive secretion more than its adhesiveness.
Recent advances in remote coal mining machine sensing, guidance, and teleoperation (2001)

This paper presents some recent applications of sensing, guidance and telerobotic technology in the coal mining industry. Of special interest is the development of semi or fully autonomous systems to provide remote guidance and communications for coal mining equipment. We consider the use of radar and inertial based sensors in an attempt to solve the horizontal and lateral guidance problems associated with mining equipment automation. We also describe a novel teleoperated robot vehicle with unique communications capabilities, called the Numbat, which is used in underground mine safety and reconnaissance missions.
Flattening of erbium-doped fibre amplifier gain spectrum using an acousto-optic tunable filter (1993)

An acousto-optic tunable filter is employed to flatten the gain spectrum of an erbium-doped fibre amplifier. A relatively flat gain spectrum of 15 nm in bandwidth with variations of less than 1 dB is obtained by simultaneously applying eight closely-spaced RF signals to the acousto-optic tunable filter.
Binding site‐shaped repeated sequences of bacterial wall peptidoglycan hydrolases (1994)

The non-catalytic C-terminal regions of the N-acetylmuramidase (lysozyme) of Clostridium acetobutylicum and N-acetylmuramoyl(D-lactyl)-L-alanine amidases CwlA of Bacillus subtilis, ORFL3 and CwlL of Bacillus licheniformis were previously reported to have similarities with the amino acid sequence of the non-catalytic N-terminal module of the Streptomyces albus G Zn DD-peptidase. This peptidase is a bipartite protein of known three-dimensional structure. Its non-catalytic N-terminal module possesses, exposed at the surface, an elongated crevice which is defined by a loop-helix-loop-helix motif that consists of two repeats, each 16 amino acid residues long, connected by a heptapeptide and whose design is compatible with its possible functioning as a substrate recognition and binding site. Amino acid alignments suggest that cavities nearly identical in shape to that present in the non-catalytic module of the S. albus peptidase, are borne by the C-terminal regions of the CwlA amidase (in one copy), the lysozyme and the ORFL3 and CwlL amidases (in two copies). Since a common feature of the five enzymes is their substrate, the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, we interpret the striking similarity of their non-catalytic N- or C-terminal modules to suggest that these modules are involved in the binding of these exocellular enzymes to their insoluble wall substrate.
Addition of Fentanyl to 1.5% Lidocaine Does Not Increase the Success of Axillary Plexus Block (1994)

There is no clinical benefit resulting from the addition of fentanyl to the local anesthetic for axillary brachial plexus block.
Gitelman syndrome and pregnancy (2012)

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal-recessive condition characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. Very little information is available in the literature to guide the management of pregnant patients with GS. We report a case of a 27-year-old woman with GS who became pregnant and despite persistent hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia during pregnancy and labor, had a successful maternal and fetal outcome.
Double functionalization of 2-amino-2′-hydroxy-1,1′-biaryls: synthesis of 4-nitro-dibenzofurans and benzofuro-indoles (2015)

A TM-free double functionalization of 2-amino-2′-hydroxy-1,1′-biaryls (see Scheme above) has been presented for the synthesis of 4-nitro-dibenzofurans.
Tunnel-diode balanced-pair switching characteristics (1962)

THE TUNNEL-DIODE balanced-pair logic circuit is a one-port threshold gate synchronously driven by a periodic clock-source. Directionality of the flow of information is obtained by driving successive gate with successive phase of a multiphase ac clock-source. The repetition rate and stage delay of the gates are consequently detrained by the fundamental frequency of the clock-source.
Cloning, expression and immunological characterization of full‐length timothy grass pollen allergen Phl p 4, a berberine bridge enzyme‐like protein with homology to celery allergen Api g 5 (2005)

Full-length Phl p 4 cDNA was cloned and showed sequence similarity to members of the BBE family. Recombinant Phl p 4 was produced and shared epitopes with natural Phl p 4.
Repurposing Cationic Amphiphilic Antihistamines for Cancer Treatment (2016)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. In search for new NSCLC treatment options, we screened a cationic amphiphilic drug (CAD) library for cytotoxicity against NSCLC cells and identified several CAD antihistamines as inducers of lysosomal cell death. We then performed a cohort study on the effect of CAD antihistamine use on mortality of patients diagnosed with non-localized cancer in Denmark between 1995 and 2011. The use of the most commonly prescribed CAD antihistamine, loratadine, was associated with significantly reduced all-cause mortality among patients with non-localized NSCLC or any non-localized cancer when compared with use of non-CAD antihistamines and adjusted for potential confounders. Of the less frequently described CAD antihistamines, astemizole showed a similar significant association with reduced mortality as loratadine among patients with any non-localized cancer, and ebastine use showed a similar tendency. The association between CAD antihistamine use and reduced mortality was stronger among patients with records of concurrent chemotherapy than among those without such records. In line with this, sub-micromolar concentrations of loratadine, astemizole and ebastine sensitized NSCLC cells to chemotherapy and reverted multidrug resistance in NSCLC, breast and prostate cancer cells. Thus, CAD antihistamines may improve the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy.
Antibacterial Activity and Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Antisense DNA Analogs (1991)

Protein synthesis, which takes place within ribosomes, is essential for the survival of any living organism. Ribosomes are composed of both proteins and RNA. Specific interaction between the 3' end CCUCC sequence of prokaryotic 16S rRNA and a partially complementary sequence preceding the initiating codon of mRNA is believed to be a prerequisite for initiation of protein synthesis. Here we report the use of short (three to six nucleotides) synthetic DNA analogs complementary to this sequence to block protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo in Escherichia coli. In the DNA analogs the normal phosphodiester bond in the antisense DNA was replaced by methylcarbamate internucleoside linkages to enhance transport across plasma membranes. Of the analogs tested, those with the sequence AGG and GGA inhibit protein synthesis and colony formation by E. coli strains lacking an outer cell wall. Polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG 1000) was attached to the 5' end of some of the test methylcarbamate DNAs to enhance solubility. Analogs of AGG and GGAG with PEG 1000 attached inhibited colony formation in normal E. coli. These analogs may be useful food additives to control bacterial spoilage and biomedically as antibiotics.
Response of three murine macrophage populations to particulate debris: Bone resorption in organ cultures (1994)

Particulate wear debris from bone cement or prosthetic components can stimulate macrophages to cause bone resorption. We compared the effect of particle composition (titanium and polymethylmethacrylate as inherent components of prosthetic materials or bone cement and polystyrene as a reference material) on the secretion of interleukin-1 and prostaglandin E2 by peritoneal macrophages and monocyte/macrophage cell lines (P388D1 and IC-21) and on the bone-resorbing activity of conditioned medium harvested from these particle-challenged macrophages. Titanium particles (1-3 microns) in peritoneal macrophage cultures exhibited significantly enhanced bone-resorbing activity measured as 45Ca release, whereas polymethylmethacrylate and polystyrene exhibited this effect to a greater extent in the P388D1 and IC-21 monocyte/macrophage cultures. Although exogenous prostaglandin E2 and recombinant human interleukin-1 could significantly increase the 45Ca release and indomethacin significantly reduced both the spontaneous calcium efflux and active 45Ca release from calvarial bones labeled in vivo, the levels of interleukin-1 and prostaglandin E2, alone or together, did not always correlate with the bone-resorbing activity of conditioned media. Thus, the actual levels of potent bone-resorbing agents (prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-1) measured in conditioned tissue culture media did not necessarily reflect the bone-resorbing capability. An important result of this study is that different macrophage populations may respond differently to the same microenvironmental signal, which in our investigation was particulate wear debris of differing composition and size.
Synthesis and Characterization of A Novel Macromolecular Hindered Phenol Antioxidant and Its Thermo-Oxidative Aging Resistance for Natural Rubber (2014)

A novel macromolecular hindered phenol antioxidant with high antioxidative efficiency, polyhydroxylated polybutadiene (PHPB)-bound 2, 2′-thiobis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (PHPB-b-TPH), was prepared by binding 2, 2′-thiobis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (TPH) onto PHPB with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), using dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as catalyst, via a two-step nucleophilic addition reaction. The PHPB was first synthesized from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and 2-mercaptoethanol via a thiol-ene click reaction. The PHPB-b-TPH was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermo-oxidative aging resistance of natural rubber (NR) with PHPB-b-TPH was evaluated by an accelerated thermal aging test and the oxidation induction time (OIT). The results showed that the −OH groups of PHPB first reacted with highly active secondary −NCO groups of IPDI at 35°C to form the adduct PHPB-NCO, and the PHPB-b-TPH was successfully obtained by one of the phenolic −OH in TPH reacting with the primary −NCO groups of PHPB-NCO at 70°C. The PHPB-b-TPH had better thermal stability and thermo-oxidative aging resistance for NR than TPH.
Multiple Intravenous Infusions Phase 2a: Ontario Survey. (2014)

The Ontario survey revealed variability in IV infusion practice across the province and potential opportunities to improve safety.
Protein synthetic activity during normal pollen development and during induced pollen embryogenesis in <i>Hyoscyamus niger</i> (1984)

Protein synthetic activity during maturation, germination, and embryogenic phases of pollen grains of Hyoscyamus niger (L.) was investigated by means of autoradiography of incorporation of [ 3 H]arginine, [ 3 H]leucine, [ 3 H]lysine, and [ 3 H]tryptophan. Silver grain counts showed that during pollen maturation, peaks of incorporation of [ 3 H]arginine and [ 3 H]lysine occurred before the onset of vacuolation in the uninucleate pollen grains and as starch accumulation was initiated in the bicellular pollen grains. In the latter, labeled amino acids were mostly incorporated into the vegetative cell and very little appeared in the generative cell. [ 3 H]leucine and [ 3 H]tryptophan were not incorporated into uninucleate pollen grains at any stage of their development, although they were localized in the vegetative cell of bicellular pollen grains. In germinating pollen grains the nucleus of the vegetative cell, the generative cell, and sperms did not incorporate the isotopes. While the majority of pollen grains incorporated [ 3 H]arginine, [ 3 H]leucine, [ 3 H]lysine, and [ 3 H]tryptophan immediately after culture of anthers, during further periods of culture, protein synthetic activity persisted only in a small number of uninucleate, nonvacuolate, and densely staining "embryogenically determined" pollen grains confined to the periphery of the anther locule. Subsequent division of these pollen grains was accompanied by incorporation of [ 3 H]arginine, [ 3 H]leucine, and [ 3 H]lysine into the vegetative cell or into both the vegetative cell and generative cell. It is suggested that, in contrast to the 3 H-labeled amino acid incorporation pattern observed in pollen grains during their normal ontogeny, a significant change associated with embryogenic induction is the incorporation of [ 3 H]leucine and [ 3 H]tryptophan into embryogenically determined uninucleate pollen grains and of [ 3 H]arginine, [ 3 H]leucine, and [ 3 H]lysine into the generative cell of bicellular pollen grains.
El objeto del Derecho del Trabajo y su extensión (2005)

Al decir del tratadista espanol MANUEL ALONSO GARCIA debe entenderse por objeto una disciplina cientifica, la parte de la realidad social susceptible de estudio independiente y de la cual se ocupa dicha disciplina. Asi, en el caso del Derecho del Trabajo/ tal objeto esta integrado por el trabajo humano que presenta determinadas caracteristicas y es ejecutado en determinadas condiciones; generandose, de esta manera/ una suerte de concepto juridico-laboral de trabajo. Puede en esta forma, caracterizarse el trabajo integrante del objeto del Derecho del Trabajo clasico o tradicional, nacional e internacional, como aquel que proviene del hombre y que es ejecutado en forma voluntaria, libre, productiva/ por cuenta ajena, subordinada o dependiente, personal y continuada o permanente
Distinct T cell receptor signaling requirements for perforin- or FasL-mediated cytotoxicity. (1996)

A diverse array of signals are generated in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) after the T cell receptor (TCR) engages the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) peptide complex. These signals result in a multitude of CTL effector functions, including cellular cytotoxicity, cell surface receptor expression, and cytokine secretion. We have examined signaling through the TCR in a wild type CD8+, MHC-restricted, antigen-specific CTL clone, 14-7, and its interleukin 2-dependent variant clone 14-7FD. We report here that 14-7FD is unable to kill via the perforin mechanism of killing, yet is able to kill via the Fas ligand/Fas mechanism and secrete interferon-gamma in an antigen-specific manner. 14-7FD has cytolytic granules that contain perforin and serine esterases, which are secreted after phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore treatment. Lastly, to investigate which TCR signaling requirements were operational in 14-7FD, we examined TCR-triggered intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the two clones. After TCR engagement, 14-7FD failed to mobilize intracellular Ca2+, which may be the cause for its inability to trigger the perforin/granule exocytosis mechanism of killing. These results indicate that the signal transduction events that trigger perforin killing and the signaling requirements to induce FasL expression are distinct. We hypothesize that these two distinct TCR signal transduction requirements allow for separate activation of these two mechanisms of killing relating to their role in eradication of infected cells or regulation of immune responses.
<i>Response</i>to "Mending the Mind and Minding the Soul: Explorations Towards the Care of the Whole Person" (1994)

No abstract available for this article.
Solid Fuel Applications to Transportation Engines (1981)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The direct utilization of minimally processed solid fuels (particularly coal) in transportation engines is assessed. Both highway and non-highway applications are considered. In general, solid fuels do not seem appropriate for highway transportation in the 1980-2000 time frame. Such fuels can be utilized for non-highway transportation with some engine types. Both technical and environmental issues are explored and a systems approach for studying the topical area is stressed. The paper features a brief historic review and current update on activities in the area of direct solid fuels utilization in transportation engines.</div>
Comparison of responses of DNA topoisomerase I from<i>Candida albicans</i>and human cells to four new agents which stimulate topoisomerase-dependent DNA nicking (1996)

DNA topoisomerase I is a potential target for therapeutic antifungal agents predicted to have a fungicidal mode of action. This report describes four agents with varying degrees of selectivity for the fungal topoisomerase I compared to the human enzyme: 5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), quinizarin, dibenzo-p-dioxin-2-carboxylic acid and 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid. Taken together with the response of topoisomerase to camptothecin and aminocatechol, these data suggest that there are sufficient structural differences between the topoisomerase I from Candida albicans and human cells to allow selective targeting of the fungal topoisomerase I over its human counterpart.
First-Line Systemic Therapy Practice Patterns and Concordance With NCCN Guidelines for Patients Diagnosed With Metastatic NSCLC Treated at NCCN Institutions (2012)

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) allow many systemic therapy options for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This analysis uses the NCCN NSCLC Outcomes Database to report on first-line therapy practice patterns and concordance with NCCN Guidelines. The analysis was limited to patients diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC between September 2006 and November 2009 at 1 of 8 participating NCCN Member Institutions. Patient characteristics, regimens used, and guidelines concordance were analyzed. Institutional variation and changes in practice over time were also measured. A total of 1717 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 1375 (80%) were treated with systemic therapy, most often in the form of a carboplatin-based doublet (51%) or carboplatin-based doublet with targeted therapy (17%). Overall, 76% of patients received care that was concordant with NCCN Guidelines. Among patients with good performance status (n = 167), the most common reasons for not receiving first-line therapy were that therapy was not recommended (39%) or death occurred before treatment (33%). The most common reason for receiving nonconcordant drug therapy was the administration of pemetrexed or erlotinib before its incorporation into the NCCN Guidelines for first-line therapy (53%). Most patients in this cohort received care that was concordant with NCCN Guidelines. The NSCLC Outcomes Database is a valuable resource for evaluating practice patterns and concordance with NCCN Guidelines among patients with NSCLC.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Lipoxygenase and 12‐Lipoxygenase: Attractive Targets for the Development of Novel Antipsoriatic Drugs (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thrombin signal transduction mechanisms in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Calcium and protein kinase C-dependent and -independent pathways. (1990)

Sustained generation of alpha-thrombin and its breakdown forms at sites of thromboses has focused attention on the roles thrombin may play in vascular responses to thrombosis and injury. We have previously shown that alpha-thrombin stimulates many growth signals in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (VSMC). To characterize thrombin growth mechanisms, we studied the effects on cultured VSMC of gamma-thrombin (catalytically active with obstructed anion-binding site required for clotting activity) and D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethylketone-alpha-thrombin (catalytically inactive with intact anion-binding exosite) on cultured VSMC. Either derivative alone failed to increase growth, but in combination at 130 nM each, they caused a 75 +/- 5% increase in protein synthesis, similar to that observed with alpha-thrombin. This increase in protein synthesis was related to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and Na+/H+ exchange, because only in combination could the derivatives increase phosphorylation of a 76,000-dalton PKC substrate and alkalinize the cells. Activation of PKC was correlated with a synergistic effect of the derivatives on diacylglycerol formation at 2 min (maximum, 55 +/- 1% combined increase vs. 24 +/- 9% and 4 +/- 4% individual increases with gamma- and D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethylketone-alpha-thrombin alone, respectively, p less than 0.05). The derivatives stimulated PKC without increasing inositol trisphosphate, intracellular Ca2+, or expression of the protooncogene, c-fos. Thus, thrombin stimulation of Na+/H+ exchange, diacylglycerol formation, and growth of VSMC can be distinguished from thrombin mobilization of [Ca2+]i and induction of c-fos mRNA. These data indicate the presence of more than one mechanism for thrombin-mediated signaling events in cultured VSMC. Our results also suggest that various thrombin forms retained in clots may have significant effects on VSMC growth and function.