gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Image Stitching of Continuous Image Sequence With Image and Seam Selections (2015)

This paper presents an efficient image stitching algorithm with better image quality and less processing time for online stitching of a continuous image sequence. Stitching many frames with similar scenes is time-consuming and easily generates inconsistency in the overlap region between frames. Instead of stitching every captured frame, only the dominant frames with significant visual content dissimilar to that in the previously stitched result are worthy of being stitched and can contribute much new information. Although the nondominant frames are not included in the mosaicked image, their homography matrix with respect to the mosaicked image will be roughly evaluated to localize the camera view on the mosaicked image as the region of stitching interest. A particle filter with partitioned sampling is utilized to categorize the stitching label and estimate the homography matrix. Moreover, to substantially increase the quality of offline image mosaicking, a seam planning algorithm is designed to eliminate the unclear ghost effect in the overlap region between dominant frames. The aim is to maximally preserve the visual content while eliminating inconsistencies in the overlap region. The proposed stitching algorithm has been verified in several online and offline experiments to present the efficiency of the overall system.
A Context-Aware System for Mobile Data Sharing in Hybrid P2P Environment (2009)

With the emergence of pervasive computing environments, mobile information sharing and retrieval is becoming an exciting domain that challenges information scientists. In this paper, we describe a hybrid peer to peer context-aware framework for building mobile information sharing applications. A scalable and flexible architecture based on JXTA is presented. The architecture called "JHPeer" allows mobile devices to exchange in-time information. JHPeer contains super peers and mobile peers. Super peers provide caching, searching and directory service. Mobile peers provide information and allow context based retrieval. We show how to efficiently support on-demand processing of mobile date over the large mobile networking environment.
Molecular Cloning and Expression of a New Class of Ortho-Diphenol-O-Methyltransferases Induced in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Leaves by Infection or Elicitor Treatment (1993)

In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Samsun NN), three distinct enzymes account for ortho-diphenol-O-methyltransferase (OMT) activity. OMT I is the major enzyme of healthy leaves, whereas enzymes OMT II and III are preferentially induced during the hypersensitive reaction to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Using an anti-OMT III antiserum, we isolated a partial OMT III cDNA clone by immunoscreening an expression library made from mRNA of TMV-infected tobacco leaves. Using this OMT III clone as a probe, we isolated a full-length clone with a deduced amino acid sequence encompassing all of the sequences obtained by Edman degradation of both purified proteins II and III. Thus, OMT II and III of tobacco are likely to be encoded by the same genes and to arise from different posttranslational modifications. Sequence analysis showed that this OMT clone represents a new class of OMT enzymes (class II) with a low level of similarity (53-58%) to OMTs cloned previously from other dicotyledonous plants. Southern analysis indicated that a small family of class II OMT genes inherited from ancestors related to Nicotiana sylvestris and Nicotiana tomentosiformis occurs in the tobacco genome. RNA blot analysis demonstrated that class II OMT genes, unlike class I OMT genes, are not expressed at a high constitutive level in lignified tissues of tobacco. Class II OMT transcripts were found to accumulate in tobacco leaves infected with TMV or treated with megaspermin, a proteinaceous elicitor from Phytophthora megasperma, but not in leaves treated with salicylic acid, a molecule known to trigger many defense genes. In TMV-infected or elicitor-treated tissues, a marked increase in catechol-methylating activity accompanied the accumulation of class II OMT gene products.
Development, standardization, and testing of a lexicon for reporting contrast‐enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging studies (2001)

The purpose of this study was to develop, standardize, and test reproducibility of a lexicon for reporting contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. To standardize breast MRI lesion description and reporting, seven radiologists with extensive breast MRI experience developed consensus on technical detail, clinical history, and terminology reporting to describe kinetic and architectural features of lesions detected on contrast-enhanced breast MR images. This lexicon adapted American College of Radiology Breast Imaging and Data Reporting System terminology for breast MRI reporting, including recommendations for reporting clinical history, technical parameters for breast MRI, descriptions for general breast composition, morphologic and kinetic characteristics of mass lesions or regions of abnormal enhancement, and overall impression and management recommendations. To test morphology reproducibility, seven radiologists assessed morphology characteristics of 85 contrast-enhanced breast MRI studies. Data from each independent reader were used to compute weighted and unweighted kappa (kappa) statistics for interobserver agreement among readers. The MR lexicon differentiates two lesion types, mass and non-mass-like enhancement based on morphology and geographical distribution, with descriptors of shape, margin, and internal enhancement. Lexicon testing showed substantial agreement for breast density (kappa = 0.63) and moderate agreement for lesion type (kappa = 0.57), mass margins (kappa = 0.55), and mass shape (kappa = 0.42). Agreement was fair for internal enhancement characteristics. Unweighted kappa statistics showed highest agreement for the terms dense in the breast composition category, mass in lesion type, spiculated and smooth in mass margins, irregular in mass shape, and both dark septations and rim enhancement for internal enhancement characteristics within a mass. The newly developed breast MR lexicon demonstrated moderate interobserver agreement. While breast density and lesion type appear reproducible, other terms require further refinement and testing to lead to a uniform standard language and reporting system for breast MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:889-895.
Piezoelectric ink jet processing of materials for medicaland biological applications (2006)

Many advanced medical and biological devices require microscale patterning of cells, proteins, and other biological materials. This article describes the use of piezoelectric ink jet processing in the fabrication of biosensors, cell-based assays, and other microscale medical devices. A microelectromechanical system-based piezoelectric transducer was used to develop uniform fluid flow through nozzles and to prepare well-defined microscale patterns of proteins, monofunctional acrylate ester, sinapinic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and DNA scaffolds on relevant substrates. Our results demonstrate that piezoelectric ink jet deposition is a powerful non-contact, non-destructive additive process for developing biosensors, cell culture systems, and other devices for medical and biological applications.
Unusual Oxidation States of Silver : Ag (III) Complexation to I-Amidino-o-alkylurea, Piperazinedibiguanide and Related Ligands (1970)

Unusual Oxidation States of Silver : Ag (III) Complexation to I-Amidino-o-alkylurea, Piperazinedibiguanide and Related Ligands
Disturbed sleep and fatigue in occupational burnout (2006)

Occupational burnout is characterized by impaired sleep. It is suggested that impaired sleep may play a role in the development of fatigue or exhaustion in burnout.
Water Desalination with Wires (2012)

We show the significant potential of water desalination using a novel capacitive wire-based technology in which anode/cathode wire pairs are constructed from coating a thin porous carbon electrode layer on top of electrically conducting rods (or wires). By alternately dipping an array of electrode pairs in freshwater with and in brine without an applied cell voltage, we create an ion adsorption/desorption cycle. We show experimentally how in six subsequent cycles we can reduce the salinity of 20 mM feed (brackish) water by a factor of 3, while application of a cation exchange membrane on the cathode wires makes the desalination factor increase to 4. Theoretical modeling rationalizes the experimental findings, and predicts that system performance can be significantly enhanced by material modifications. To treat large volumes of water, multiple stacks of wire pairs can be used simultaneously in a "merry-go-round" operational mode.
Phase I Study of Recombinant Interleukin-21 in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma (2008)

Outpatient therapy with rIL-21 at 30 microg/kg was well tolerated, had dose-dependent pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and was associated with antitumor activity in patients with MM and RCC.
Aggregation of Internet Integrated Services state (2002)

The Internet Integrated Services (IIS) architecture has a fundamental scaling problem in that per-flow state is maintained at all the routers and end-systems supporting a flow. This paper examines the use of aggregation as a technique to reduce the amount of state needed to provide IIS. In our approach, routers at the edge of a region doing aggregation maintain a detailed IIS state, while in the interior of this region, routers maintain a greatly reduced amount of state. Packets are tagged at the network edge with scheduling information that is used in place of the detailed IIS state. The aggregation scheme described allows large-scale deployment of IIS without overloading the routers with state and associated processing.
An Analysis of Information Conveyed through Audio in an FPS Game and Its Impact on Deaf Players Experience (2011)

Mainstream games usually lack support for accessibility to deaf and hard of hearing people. The popular FPS game Half-Life 2 is an exception, in that it provides well constructed closed captions to players. In this paper, we performed a semiotic inspection on Half-Life 2, seeking to identify which strategies were used to convey information through audio. We also evaluated how the loss of information in each of them may impact players' experience. Our findings reveal that six different strategies are used and how they may compromise player experience.
Heat pipe nuclear reactor for space power (1976)

A heat-pipe cooled nuclear reactor has been designed to provide 3.2 MW(t) to an out-of-core thermionic conversion system. The reactor is a fast reactor designed to operate at a nominal heat pipe temperature of 1675/sup 0/K. Each reactor fuel element consists of a hexagonal molybdenum block which is bonded along its axis to one end of a molybdenum, lithium vapor, heat pipe. The block is perforated with an array of longitudinal holes which are loaded with UO/sub 2/ pellets. The heat pipe transfers heat directly to a string of six thermionic converters which are bonded along the other end of the heat pipe. An assembly of 90 such fuel elements forms a hexagonal core. The core is surrounded by a thermal radiation shield, a thin thermal neutron absorber and a BeO reflector containing boron loaded control drums.
Die Bedeutung des Substrates bei der Induktion der Tyrosina- Ketoglutarat-Transaminase* in RLC-Zellen / The Importance of the Substrate for the Induction of Tyrosine-α-ketoglutarate- Transam inase in RLC-cells (1975)

1. Dexamethasone phosphate causes approximately a threefold increase of the tyrosine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in the culture of RLC cells. 2. The induction of the enzyme depends on the presence of L-tyrosine. Omission of L-leucine or L-tryptophan, respectively, has no effect. 3. Omission of L-tyrosine influences the activity of the lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase not at all and that of the glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase only to a small extent. 4. In the absense of L-tyrosine an superinduction takes also place by actinomycin.
The Styracaceae (2006)

The Styracaceae contains 11 genera and approximately 160 species consisting of small trees and shrubs, mostly native to tropical and subtropical regions. This family is well-known by the genus Styrax, which is notorious due to the production of resinous material, a pathological product, harvested by making incisions into the tree’s bark. The gum is used in perfumes, as antiseptic, expectorant, incense, and fumigating material. This paper reviews the phytochemical and biological studies carried out on 11 species of this family. A total of 92 papers were consulted, and 130 compounds were described, thus these data indicate that Styrax is by far the largest genus in the family, and the only which has been extensively investigated.
On the frequency response of a Van der Pol-Duffing oscillator (1971)

It is shown that the harmonic response curves of a combined Van der Pol-Duffing oscillator without memory represented by x + ε(x <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> - 1)x + ω <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> - αεx <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> /3 = F sin ωt resemble those of an RLC series circuit when the inductance has a wide hysteresis loop.
Integration of a Normal Field without Boundary Condition (2007)

ISBN 2-7261-1297 8
Optimization of Thinned Antenna Phased Arrays for Low Sidelobe Level (2019)

In this paper an optimized configuration of an antenna array, operating at Ku-band frequencies is proposed. This design method aims to obtain a thinned phased array with low sidelobes level (SLL) and maximal directivity, using minimal number of elements.
Toward Protein Engineering for Phytoremediation: Possibilities and Challenges (2011)

The combination of rational protein engineering and directed evolution techniques allow for the redesign of enzymes with tailored properties for use in environmental remediation. This review summarizes current molecular methods for either altering or improving protein function and highlights examples of how these methods can address bioremediation problems. Although much of the protein engineering applied to environmental clean-up employs microbial systems, there is great potential for and significant challenges to translating these approaches to plant systems for phytoremediation purposes. Protein engineering technologies combined with genomic information and metabolic engineering strategies hold promise for the design of plants and microbes to remediate organic and inorganic pollutants.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag-pol frameshifting is dependent on downstream mRNA secondary structure: demonstration by expression in vivo (1992)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag-Pol fusion polyprotein is produced via ribosomal frameshifting. Previous studies in vitro and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have argued against a significant role for RNA secondary structure 3' of the shift site, in contrast with other systems, in which such structure has been shown to be required. Here we show, by expressing the HIV-1 gag-pol domain in cultured vertebrate cells, that a stem-loop structure 3' of the HIV-1 shift site is indeed important for wild-type levels of frameshifting in vivo.
Viscosification-on-Demand: Chemical Modification of Biopolymers to Control Their Activation by Triggers in Aqueous Solutions (2011)

Abstract Completion and stimulation operations in the oilfield industry are made possible because of the availability of suitable viscosifying polymers, particularly those from biological sources. Many such polymers, particularly those of random-coil type, suffer from viscosity losses caused by thermal thinning at elevated temperatures. Shear thinning coupled with thermal thinning of natural polymers and their derivatives limits their use to lower temperatures or requires high concentrations of such materials to prevent particulate settling. High polymer concentrations cause excessive surface-fluid viscosities. High surface viscosities of fluids require high pump pressures, which can result in either operational limitations or wellbore instabilities. An ideal way to overcome such limitations is to compensate for thermal thinning as it occurs by delaying release of viscosifying polymers into the treatment solutions until needed. This paper discusses the development of a simple and cost-effective chemical method used to modify polysaccharides and their derivatives such that their viscosification ability, by hydration followed by dissolution in the treatment fluid, can be triggered when and where it is needed. The triggers can be salinity, pH, and/or temperature. Additionally, the method also provides for improvement of viscosification efficiency of the polymers because of increased molecular weights of the modified polymer, which allows fluid designs with less polymer content, resulting in less formation damage. Using this method, guar and its derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives, starch, xanthan, scleroglucan, and diutan polymers were modified to obtain products with interesting and versatile combinations of delayed hydration, higher viscosification efficiencies, and susceptibility to different methods of activation. The timing of viscosification using different triggers was measured by viscosity/rheological methods. Potential uses for such materials in fracturing, gravel packing, fluid diversion, and plugging are demonstrated with suitable examples. Mechanistic aspects of the chemical reactions are also discussed.
Identification of combinatorial drug regimens for treatment of Huntington's disease using <i>Drosophila</i> (2005)

We explore the hypothesis that pathology of Huntington's disease involves multiple cellular mechanisms whose contributions to disease are incrementally additive or synergistic. We provide evidence that the photoreceptor neuron degeneration seen in flies expressing mutant human huntingtin correlates with widespread degenerative events in the Drosophila CNS. We use a Drosophila Huntington's disease model to establish dose regimens and protocols to assess the effectiveness of drug combinations used at low threshold concentrations. These proof of principle studies identify at least two potential combinatorial treatment options and illustrate a rapid and cost-effective paradigm for testing and optimizing combinatorial drug therapies while reducing side effects for patients with neurodegenerative disease. The potential for using prescreening in Drosophila to inform combinatorial therapies that are most likely to be effective for testing in mammals is discussed.
NiCo<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> Nanosheets Grown on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Foams as an Advanced Electrode for Supercapacitors (2014)

To push the energy density limit of supercapacitors, a new class of electrode materials with favorable architectures is strongly needed. Binary metal sulfides hold great promise as an electrode material for high‐performance energy storage devices because they offer higher electrochemical activity and higher capacity than mono‐metal sulfides. Here, the rational design and fabrication of NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheets supported on nitrogen‐doped carbon foams (NCF) is presented as a novel flexible electrode for supercapacitors. A facile two‐step method is developed for growth of NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheets on NCF with robust adhesion, involving the growth of Ni‐Co precursor and subsequent conversion into NiCo 2 S 4 nanosheets through sulfidation process. Benefiting from the compositional features and 3D electrode architectures, the NiCo 2 S 4 /NCF electrode exhibits greatly improved electrochemical performance with ultrahigh capacitance (877 F g −1 at 20 A g −1 ) and excellent cycling stability. Moreover, a binder‐free asymmetric supercapacitor device is also fabricated by using NiCo 2 S 4 /NCF as the positive electrode and ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC)/NCF as the negative electrode; this demonstrates high energy density (≈45.5 Wh kg −1 at 512 W kg −1 ).
Two‐Metal Ion Catalysis in Enzymatic Acyl‐ and Phosphoryl‐Transfer Reactions (1996)

Abstract Numerous studies, both in enzymatic and nonenzymatic catalysis, have been undertaken to understand the way by which metal ions, especially zinc ions, promote the hydrolysis of phosphate ester and amide bonds. Hydrolases containing one metal ion in the active site, termed mononuclear metallohydrolases, such as carboxypeptidase. A and thermolysin were among the first enzymes to have their structures unraveled by X‐ray crystallography. In recent years an increasing number of metalloenzymes have been identified that use two or more adjacent metal ions in the catalysis of phosphoryl‐transfer reactions (R‐OPO 3 + R′‐OH → R′‐OPO 3 + R‐OH; in the case of the phosphatase reaction R′‐OH is a water molecule) and carbonyl‐transfer reactions, for example, in peptidases or other amidases. These dinuclear metalloenzymes catalyze a great variety of these reactions, including hydrolytic cleavage of phosphomono‐, ‐di‐ and ‐triester bonds, phosphoanhydride bonds as well as of peptide bonds or urea. In addition, the formation of the phosphodiester bond of RNA and DNA by polymerases is catalyzed by a two‐metal ion mechanism. A remarkable diversity is also seen in the structures of the active sites of these di‐ and trinuclear metalloenzymes, even for enzymes that catalyze very similar reactions. The determination of the structure of a substrate, product, stable intermediate, or a reaction coordinate analogue compound bound to an active or inactivated enzyme is a powerful approach to investigate mechanistic details of enzyme action. Such studies have been applied to several of the metalloenzymes reviewed in this article; together with many other biochemical studies they provide a growing body of information on how the two (or more) metal ions cooperate to achieve efficient catalysis.
ON THE OCCURRENCE OF SILICA IN THE WATERS OF THE PASSAMAQUODDY BAY REGION (1932)

A study of the occurrence of silica in the waters of Passamaquoddy bay region has shown very little difference in amount from top to bottom in localities where the turning over of water was very marked, but where the water movement was not so pronounced the values varied considerably with depth. The silica content of the water decreased during the summer months. Fresh waters tributary to the bay had a higher silica content than that of the waters of the bay itself.
Synthesis, Surface Modification, and Multilayer Construction of Mixed-Monolayer-Protected CdS Nanoparticles (2004)

Herein, we describe a study aimed at synthesizing mixed-monolayer-protected CdS nanoparticles and investigating the reactivity of surface-bound functional groups in order to facilitate the immobilization of nanoparticles on a solid substrate as well as the construction of a three-dimensional nanocomposite. CdS nanoparticles initially prepared by the reverse micelle method were used to modify nanoparticle surfaces with 1-decanethiol molecules by ligand exchange. Subsequently, 11-mercapto-1-undecanol was partially incorporated by a place exchange reaction, thereby providing stable, mixed-monolayer-protected CdS nanoparticles. The nanoparticles obtained at each step were characterized by FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. The reactivity of surface hydroxyl groups was verified by a reaction with isocyanate-bearing molecules that provide carbamate bonds in high yields at ambient temperature. The obtained mixed-monolayer-protected nanoparticles were also successfully immobilized on a glass substrate through a carbamate-bond-forming reaction that could be further utilized for multilayer construction in a layer-by-layer fashion.