gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-265: ONO-AE3-208 inhibits myeloid derived suppressor cells and glioma growth (2014)

Abstract Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) are up-regulated in all known solid tumors and suppress anti-tumor T-cell activity. Our recent studies have demonstrated the ability of monocytic, Ly6C+ MDSCs to promote glioma growth through the activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathway, which is responsible for plostaglandin-synthesis. ONO-AE3-208 is an antagonist of the prostaglandin E (EP)-4 receptor, which is an important positive feedback regulator of the COX-2 pathway. We thus examined the ability of ONO-AE3-208 to suppress MDSC activity in gliomas. ONO-AE3-208 treatment in mice bearing established GL261-quad glioma in the brain resulted in complete and persistent rejection of the tumors (n=4). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that gliomas in the ONO-AE3-208-treated mice were infiltrated by fewer numbers of Ly6C+ MDSCs compared with non-treated animals. We subsequently isolated glioma-infiltrating Ly6C+ MDSCs by flow-sorting to address their functions. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the Ly6C+ MDSCs derived from ONO-AE3-208 treated mice expressed lower levels of the Arg1 and Cox2 expression compared to control animals. Consistently, brain infiltrating leukocytes in ONO-AE3-208 treated tumor-bearing mice demonstrated enhanced Ifng expression compared with control mice, suggestive of enhanced T-cell activity. Our data demonstrate that ONO-AE3-208 may be useful in the treatment of glioma patients to suppress Ly6C+ MDSCs and promote anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: Kohanbash Gary, Erin Straw, Amram Averick, Brian Ahn, Matthew Smith-Cohn, Takayuki Ohkuri, Akemi Kosaka, Hideho Okada. ONO-AE3-208 inhibits myeloid derived suppressor cells and glioma growth. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-265. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-265
Inter-cell interference coordination based on softer frequency reuse in OFDMA cellular systems (2008)

In this paper, a novel interference coordination scheme based softer frequency reuse (SerFR) to mitigate inter-cell interference in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) cellular systems is presented. In OFDMA systems, inter-cell interference is the most important interference source. Inter-cell interference coordination is considered to improve coverage and increase date rate at cell edge. Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) interference coordination scheme is proposed in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE). But the scheme cause frequency selective scheduling gain loss, and the peak rate for cell edge users is low because the cell edge users only can use a fraction of the entire frequency band. However, in SerFR scheme, cell edge users can use the entire frequency band, so there are more frequency selective scheduling garn and more peak date rate than SFR scheme.
RNA−Protein Intermolecular Recognition (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTRNA−Protein Intermolecular RecognitionGabriele VaraniView Author Information MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, U.K. Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 5, 189–195Publication Date (Web):May 13, 1997Publication History Received24 June 1996Published online13 May 1997Published inissue 1 May 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ar960035xCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views485Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (328 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Genetics,Monomers,Nucleic acid structure,Peptides and proteins,Protein structure Get e-Alerts
EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS WITH Di-2-ETHYLHEXYL PHOSPHORIC ACID (1957)

Blake and his co-workers have shown that uranium and other elements can be extracted from acid solutions by various type of organo-phosphorous compounds. Early investigations in the laboratory have demonstrated the applicability of tri-n-alkyl phosphine oxides to the extraction of metal ions from acidic solutions for analytical purposes. This paper is concerned with a similar qualitative investigation of the extraction of metal ions with a di-alkyl phosphoric acid, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EPHA).
Hapten–protein binding: from theory to practical application in the <i>in vitro</i> prediction of skin sensitization (2005)

In view of the forthcoming European Union ban on in vivo testing of cosmetic and toiletry ingredients, following the publication of the 7th amendment to the Cosmetics Directive, the search for practical, alternative, non-animal approaches is gathering pace. For the end-point of skin sensitization, the ultimate goal, i.e. the development and validation of alternative in vitro/in silico assays by 2013, may be achieved through a better understanding of the skin sensitization process on the cellular and molecular levels. One of the key molecular events in skin sensitization is protein haptenation, i.e. the chemical modification of self-skin protein(s) thus forming macromolecular immunogens. This concept is widely accepted and in theory can be used to explain the sensitizing capacity of many known skin sensitizers. Thus, the principle of protein or peptide haptenation could be used in in vitro assays to predict the sensitization potential of a new chemical entity. In this review, we consider some of the theoretical aspects of protein haptenation, how mechanisms of protein haptenation can be investigated experimentally and how we can use such knowledge in the development of novel, alternative approaches for predicting skin sensitization potential in the future.
Cross-coherence measurements of supercontinua generated in highly-nonlinear, dispersion shifted fiber at 1550 nm (2004)

We present measurements of cross-coherence between independent supercontinua, generated at 1550 nm. An all-fiber supercontinuum source, consisting of a femtosecond fiber laser, fiber amplifier, and highlynonlinear dispersion shifted fiber is characterized. Supercontinua generated from both 2 picosecond and 188 femtosecond pump pulses are considered. The continua generated with picosecond pulses show a degradation in coherence as the pump power is increased, whereas a high degree of cross-coherence over a broad wavelength range can be maintained when femtosecond pulses are used.
A real-time online video overlay navigation system for minimally invasive laparoscopic tumor resection (2011)

The purpose of this paper is to present a detailed description of our real-time navigation system for computer assisted surgery. The system was developed with laparoscopic partial nephrectomies as a first application scenario. The main goal of the application is to enable tracking of the tumor position and orientation during a surgery. Our system is based on ultrasound to CT registration and electromagnetic tracking. The basic idea is to process tracking information to generate an augmented reality (AR) visualization of a tumor model in the camera image of a laparoscopic camera. Thereby it enhances the surgeon's view on the current scene and therefore facilitates higher safety during the surgery. So far we have applied our system in vitro during two phantom trials with a surgeon which yielded promising results.
Decoding in the Absence of a Codon by tmRNA and SmpB in the Ribosome (2012)

In bacteria, ribosomes stalled at the end of truncated messages are rescued by transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), a bifunctional molecule that acts as both a transfer RNA (tRNA) and a messenger RNA (mRNA), and SmpB, a small protein that works in concert with tmRNA. Here, we present the crystal structure of a tmRNA fragment, SmpB and elongation factor Tu bound to the ribosome at 3.2 angstroms resolution. The structure shows how SmpB plays the role of both the anticodon loop of tRNA and portions of mRNA to facilitate decoding in the absence of an mRNA codon in the A site of the ribosome and explains why the tmRNA-SmpB system does not interfere with normal translation.
Condensation of?-hydroxy ketones with phosphorus ylides: A convenient synthesis of linear heterocyclic formation (1999)

Reaction of α-hydroxy ketones, furoin (1a) and/or benzoin (1b), with an appropriate phosphorus ylide (6a–d) provides access to new alkenes E-8a–d, 15, 16 and/or furan derivatives 11a,b and 21. Furthermore, reaction of 1a,b with arylidenephosphorane 7 led to the formation of the respective dioxolo compound 22a,b. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 481–487, 1999
URANIUM CARBIDE--PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES (1960)

The following methods for the preparation of UC were tried in France (Saclay): (1) U-graphite reaction, (2) Uhydrocarbon(gas) reaction, and (3) reduction of UO/sub 2/ by carbon. The method finally selected for fairly large- scale production of cast UC in sintering a mixture of carbon and U powders. U is produced by Ca reduction of UO/sub 2/, and then sintered with carbon either at high temperatures (thermal sintering) or simply by hot pressing. Hot pressing, while still not suitable for production of UC rods or slugs, gives chemical stability superior to that produced by thermal sintering. The products have fine grain size, random grain orientation, and absence of dicarbide as compared to cast U-C alloys. The production of UC in France is sufficient to supply fuel loads for new reactors to replace UO/sub 2/ fuel. Some of the properties of UC prepared as above are given. (D.L.C.)
Sulphasalazine: Mechanism of Action in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1995)

Sulphasalazine a drug used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) shows a wide range of biological activities all of which might contribute to the beneficial clinical effect seen during treatment of RA. This review summarizes some of the biological activities and discusses these in context of possible modes of action of the drug. Sulphasalazine has been described as an antibacterial drug, an anti-inflammatory drug or as an immunomodulator. From the reviewed data it is concluded that the effects of sulphasalazine on various immunological processes, are of outstanding importance for its mode of action.
Strategies to Successfully Cross-Link Carbon Nanotubes (2011)

Since the inception of the research field on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), there has been an enormous effort to understand how the tubes form and how to best garner their unique electronic and mechanical properties. It soon became apparent that in order to develop the next generation of functional materials, a way to modify the surface of the tubes and connect them was required. The development of the oxidation process with acids was the first revolution in the field of CNTs, potentially opening the door to an extensive library of modifications. Research progressed by integrating the nanotubes into composites at low concentrations with some success, but the goal of producing high nanotube component covalently cross-linked materials was still problematic. Two decades after the report by Sumio Ijima on their discovery, cross-linked CNT materials are still difficult to produce, and this has shifted the field towards a back-to-basics approach to try and solve the problem. One key problem identified was the presence of lattice fragments immobilized on the surface of the CNTs (Fig. 1.). The current methods of characterization such as X-ray photoelectron, Infrared and Raman spectroscopy are indirect and generally fail to distinguish between the surface attached functional groups and oxidized lattice fragments. A CNT washing technique has been developed to remove these fragments and any electrostatically attached products to allow pure covalent interactions with the surface of the nanotube (Wang et al., 2010). With an industry now thriving on the production of cheap functionalized carbon vapor deposition (CVD) CNTs, priced according to the percentage surface functionalization, and the decline in published materials on arc-produced CNTs, the need for effective characterization and quality control increases. It is the intention of this chapter to review some of the successful approaches used to crosslink CNTs with a focus on the importance of the chemistry and techniques involved, and highlight two areas of research we are currently investigating at Florida State University.
Rapid Molecular Detection of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2006)

Two recent studies using conventional screening methods have demonstrated significant reductions in wound infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) following use of preoperative topical suppression in carriers ([3][1], [5][2]). Analysis of wound infection surveillance in
Exploring plant growth promoting potential of non rhizobial root nodules endophytes of Vigna radiata (2015)

Plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria exert beneficial effects and may establish as endophytes in their hosts. Here, plant growth promoting traits of 26 non rhizobial and one fungal endophyte previously isolated from Vigna radiata root-nodules were assessed for IAA and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization and hydrolytic enzymes production. Most bacterial endophytes improved seedling vigor index while fungal endophyte (Macrophomina phaseolina) lacked all PGP traits. Endophytes Ml, M10 and M15 were most influential in improving Seedling Vigor Index. Three endophytes having multiple PGP traits with maximum siderophore production: 46.77 μg mL−1 (Bacillus anthracis; Ml), IAA production: 10.81 μg mL−1 (Paenibacillus taichungensis; M10) and phosphate solubilization: 134.483 μg mL−1 (Paenibacillus xylanilyticus; M15) significantly increased root length (RL), shoot length (SL), number of lateral roots (NLR) and plant dry weight (DW) when inoculated/co inoculated with E. adhaerens (native rhizobia) to V. radiata in a small field trial. M10 inoculation produced longest RL while Ml when coinoculated with E. adhaerens produced highest SL and NLR. Ml inoculation or coinoculation was most effective in improving dry weight of mature plants. Most of the endophytes coinoculated with E. adhaerens improved growth parameters. We report that non rhizobial endophytes with PGP traits in combination with native rhizobia can be prospective candidates for use as biofertilizer.
Optimal ventilation waveforms for estimating low-frequency respiratory impedance (1993)

We present a broad-band optimal ventilator waveform (OVW), the concept of which was to create a computer-driven ventilator waveform containing increased energy at specific frequencies (f). Values of f were chosen such that nonlinear harmonic distortion and intermodulation were minimized. The phases at each f were then optimized such that the resulting flow waveform delivered sufficient volume to maintain gas exchange while minimizing peak-to-peak airway opening pressure. Simulations with a linear anatomically consistent branching airway model and a nonlinear viscoelastic model showed that respiratory resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers) estimates at 0.1-2 Hz from the OVW are far superior to those from a standard step ventilator waveform (SVW) during healthy and obstructed conditions and that the OVW reduces the influences of harmonic interactions. Using a servo-controlled oscillator, we applied individual sine waves, an OVW containing energy at 0.15625-2.4 Hz, and an SVW to healthy humans and one symptomatic asthmatic subject before and after bronchodilation. The OVW was markedly superior to the SVW and always provided smooth estimates of Rrs and Ers. Before bronchodilation in the asthmatic subject Rrs was highly elevated and Ers was markedly increased with f; after bronchodilation the level of Rrs and the f dependence of Ers decreased. Although based on results from only one asthmatic subject, these data suggest a dominant influence of airway constriction and lung inhomogeneities during asthmatic bronchoconstriction that is alleviated by bronchodilators. These and other results indicate that the OVW approach has high potential for simultaneously probing f and amplitude dependence in the mechanical properties of clinical subjects during physiological breathing conditions and perhaps during dynamic bronchoconstriction.
Macrophage arginase-1 controls bacterial growth and pathology in hypoxic tuberculosis granulomas (2014)

Lung granulomas develop upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection as a hallmark of human tuberculosis (TB). They are structured aggregates consisting mainly of Mtb-infected and -uninfected macrophages and Mtb-specific T cells. The production of NO by granuloma macrophages expressing nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) via l-arginine and oxygen is a key protective mechanism against mycobacteria. Despite this protection, TB granulomas are often hypoxic, and bacterial killing via NOS2 in these conditions is likely suboptimal. Arginase-1 (Arg1) also metabolizes l-arginine but does not require oxygen as a substrate and has been shown to regulate NOS2 via substrate competition. However, in other infectious diseases in which granulomas occur, such as leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis, Arg1 plays additional roles such as T-cell regulation and tissue repair that are independent of NOS2 suppression. To address whether Arg1 could perform similar functions in hypoxic regions of TB granulomas, we used a TB murine granuloma model in which NOS2 is absent. Abrogation of Arg1 expression in macrophages in this setting resulted in exacerbated lung granuloma pathology and bacterial burden. Arg1 expression in hypoxic granuloma regions correlated with decreased T-cell proliferation, suggesting that Arg1 regulation of T-cell immunity is involved in disease control. Our data argue that Arg1 plays a central role in the control of TB when NOS2 is rendered ineffective by hypoxia.
ChemInform Abstract: Easy Preparation of Bioactive Peptides from the Novel N<sup>α</sup>‐Trifluoroethyl Amino Acids. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Joint Signal and Channel State Information Compression for the Backhaul of Uplink Network MIMO Systems (2014)

In network MIMO cellular systems, subsets of base stations (BSs), or remote radio heads, are connected via backhaul links to central units (CUs) that perform joint encoding in the downlink and joint decoding in the uplink. Focusing on the uplink, an effective solution for the communication between BSs and the corresponding CU on the backhaul links is based on compressing and forwarding the baseband received signal from each BS. In the presence of ergodic fading, communicating the channel state information (CSI) from the BSs to the CU may require a sizable part of the backhaul capacity. In a prior work, this aspect was studied by assuming a Compress-Forward-Estimate (CFE) approach, whereby the BSs compress the training signal and CSI estimation takes place at the CU. In this work, instead, an Estimate-Compress-Forward (ECF) approach is investigated, whereby the BSs perform CSI estimation and forward a compressed version of the CSI to the CU. This choice is motivated by the information theoretic optimality of separate estimation and compression. Various ECF strategies are proposed that perform either separate or joint compression of estimated CSI and received signal. Moreover, the proposed strategies are combined with distributed source coding when considering multiple BSs. "Semi-coherent" strategies are also proposed that do not convey any CSI or training information on the backhaul links. Via numerical results, it is shown that a proper design of ECF strategies based on joint received signal and estimated CSI compression or of semi-coherent schemes leads to substantial performance gains compared to more conventional approaches based on non-coherent transmission or the CFE approach.
Double-blind, placebo controlled study of acetyl-l-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's dementia (1990)

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was carried out to compare 24-week periods of treatment with 1 g acetyl-l-carnitine twice daily and placebo in the treatment of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. A total of 36 patients entered the trial, of whom 20 patients (7 active, 13 placebo) completed the full 24 weeks. Whilst several of the efficacy indices showed little change in either group during the trial, there was an apparent trend for more improvement in the acetyl-l-carnitine group in relation to the Names Learning Test and a computerized Digit Recall Test, both related to aspects of short-term memory. Similarly, there was a trend for reaction time in the computerized classification test to show less deterioration in the active treatment group. Changes within groups, and changes between groups, failed to reach statistical significance, at least partially because of the small number of patients available for analysis. Two indices of overall therapeutic benefit showed a trend for less deterioration in the active-treatment group than in the placebo group. Nausea and/or vomiting occurred in 5 patients in the acetyl-l-carnitine group. Laboratory tests revealed no signs of drug toxicity. The results suggest that acetyl-l-carnitine may have a beneficial effect on some clinical features of Alzheimer-type dementia, particularly those related to short-term memory.
Word juncture modeling using phonological rules for HMM-based continuous speech recognition (2002)

Between-word context-dependent phones have been proposed to provide a more precise phonetic representation of word junctures. This technique makes it possible to accurately model soft pronunciation changes (changes in which a phone undergoes a comparatively small alteration). However, hard pronunciation changes (changes in which a phone is completely deleted or replaced by a different phone) are much less frequent and hence cannot be modeled adequately due to the lack of training material. To overcome this problem a set of phonological rules is used to redefine word junctures, specifying how to replace or delete the boundary phones according to the neighboring phones. No new speech units are required, thus avoiding most of the training issues. Results, which are evaluated on the 991-word speaker-independent DARPA task, show that phonological rules are effective in providing corrective capability at low computational cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>