gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coal liquefaction with encapsulated catalyst (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoal liquefaction with encapsulated catalystPo Liang Chien, Hung Chao, and Sol W. WellerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 4, 660–662Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200023a019https://doi.org/10.1021/i200023a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A Parallel Operation Algorithm with Power-Sharing Technique for FC Generation Systems (2009)

In this paper, a parallel operation algorithm for high power PEMFC generation systems is proposed. According to increasing the capacity of fuel cell systems with several fuel cell stacks, the different dynamic characteristics of each fuel cell stack effect on imbalance of load sharing and current distribution, so that a robust parallel operation algorithm is desired. In this paper, a power-sharing technique is developed and explained in order to design an optimal distributed PEMFC generation system. In addition, an optimal controller design procedure for the proposed parallel operation algorithm is introduced, along with informative simulations and experimental results.
Exon 44 nonsense mutation in two-duchenne muscular dystrophy brothers detected by heteroduplex analysis (1993)

Utilizing a heteroduplex method, we screened the dystrophin exon 43-45 region for point mutations, including small deletions and insertions. The method depends upon the formation of a heteroduplex between wild-type and mutant DNA PCR products. DNA specimens from one hundred and four DMD patients without detected deletions or duplications were multiplexed amplified for exons 43, 44, and 45. The PCR products were mixed with the PCR products from nonaffected controls, electrophoresed, and examined for the presence of altered mobility heteroduplex bands. An exon 44 nonsense mutation in two DMD brothers and a common intron 44 polymorphism were identified using this approach. Although the exon 44-45 region is a hotspot for deletion breakpoints, it does not appear to be prone to point mutations. The technique is extremely useful for screening several exons simultaneously and it allowed us to screen a large number of patients.
Positive Selection of Anti–Thy-1 Autoreactive B-1 Cells and Natural Serum Autoantibody Production Independent from Bone Marrow B Cell Development (2003)

A natural serum autoantibody specific for the Thy-1 glycoprotein (anti-Thy-1 autoantibody [ATA]) is produced by B-1 cells that are positively selected by self-antigen. Here, using ATA micro kappa transgenic mice we show that cells with this B cell receptor are negatively selected during bone marrow (BM) development. In a Thy-1 null environment, BM ATA B cells progress to a normal follicular stage in spleen. However, in a self-antigen-positive environment, development is arrested at an immature stage in the spleen, concomitant with induction of CD5. Such cells are tolerant and short-lived, different from B-1. Nonetheless, ATA-positive selection was evident by self-antigen-dependent high serum ATA production, comprising approximately 90% of serum immunoglobulin M in ATA micro kappa mice. Splenectomy did not eliminate ATA production and transfer of tolerant splenic B cells did not induce it. These findings demonstrate that B-1 positive selection, resulting in the production of natural serum ATA, arises independently from the major pathway of BM B cell development and selection.
MINIMIZING COSOLVENT REQUIREMENTS FOR MICROEMULSION FORMED WITH BINARY SURFACTANT MIXTURES (1987)

ABSTRACT The role of alcohols in microemulsion formation is primarily two-fold. They function as cosolvents by modifying surfactant partitioning between the aqueous and oleic phases and they function as cosurfactants stabilizing microemulsion to the exclusion of unbounaed structures such as liquid crystals, gels or precipitates. Given the freedom of choice among surfactants and their mixtures, the former role of the alcohol can easily be obviated. However, the latter requirement is more fundamental and not so easily removed. This study provides guidance in the purposeful construction of mixtures of synthetic surfactants which can minimize or eliminate alcohol requirements, depending on temperature and salinity. The approach Involves mixing straight tailed (high solubilization parameter) species with mid-chain branched (low cosolvent requirement) species in a spectrum of mole ratios and identifying the minimum alcohol concentration for stable microemulsion. A number of acceptable systems were found.
Redundant Coupling Detection Using Dynamic Dependence Analysis (2007)

Most of the software engineers realize the importance of avoiding coupling between programs modules in order to achieve the advantages of modules reusability. However, most of them practice modules' coupling in many cases without necessities. Many techniques have been proposed to detect module's coupling in computer programs. However, developers desire to automatically identify unnecessary module's coupling that can be eliminated with minimum effort, which we refer to as redundant coupling. Redundant coupling is the module coupling that does not contribute to the output of the program. In this paper we introduce an automated approach that uses the dynamic dependence analysis to detect the redundant coupling between program's modules. Such technique guides the developers to avoid redundant coupling when testing their programs.
Measuring quality of service for mobile internet services (2016)

Quality of Service is an important thing in maintaining the performance of the service to the customer. Not only for marketing purposes, the quality of services can also bridge the gap between the promise given by the service provider and what the customers get. This study aims to get the quality of service for internet data usage of several mobile operators in the city Samarinda. The study was conducted using a mobile device and implemented in seven districts and four points in every district in the city of Samarinda. Measurements using the standard quality of TIPHON with some parameters such end-to-end delay, jitter, packet loss probability and throughput. From the measurement results, based on standard QoS TIPHON, the average value of packet loss are in the good category. Latency delay value is very high, above 400 ms, which is a bad category. Delay variation (jitter) of each ISP is different, with the average value of jitter is more than 50 ms. The measurement results show that the jitter at each site are in a bad category.
Colposcopic Appearance of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Is Age-Dependent (1999)

Objective: We investigated to determine whether colposcopic, histologic, and virologic parameters of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are influenced by a patient’s age. Study Design: A cohort of 967 women with a mean age of 37.1 years underwent screening for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by colposcopy, cytologic examination, and testing for high-risk human papillomaviruses with the Hybrid Capture System (Digene, Silver Springs, Md) and a general primer and type-specific primer polymerase chain reaction system. Cervicography was used for documentation and reproducible evaluation of the colposcopic appearance of the cervix. In 86% of patients with trivial colposcopic changes of doubtful significance (100/116) and 89% of patients with colposcopic changes consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (89/99), punch biopsy specimens were taken for histologic evaluation. Results: In patients with trivial colposcopic changes of doubtful significance, histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was almost as frequent (32%, 37/116) as in patients with colposcopic changes consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (43%, 43/99, difference not significant). The ratio between colposcopic evidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and trivial colposcopic changes was 1.9 in patients <35 years old with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, versus 0.5 in patients ≥35 years old with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (P = .005). Patients with trivial colposcopic changes of doubtful significance were older (median age 36 years) than were patients with colposcopic changes consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (median age 29 years, P = .008). In patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who had no or trivial colposcopic changes, the thickness of neoplastic epithelium was smaller (P = .008) and the number of cellular layers was lower (P = .01) than in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who had colposcopic changes consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. In patients <35 years old the rate of positive results for a high-risk human papillomavirus (P < .005) and the viral load (difference not significant) were higher than in women ≥35 years old. The rate of positive results for high-risk human papillomaviruses differed independently of age among patients with normal colposcopic findings, patients with trivial colposcopic changes of doubtful significance, and patients with colposcopic changes consistent with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (P < .005). Conclusions: In women ≥35 years old cervical lesions associated with intraepithelial neoplasia are thinner and thus less colposcopically conspicuous than those in women <35 years old. Patients ≥35 years old with acetowhite cervical lesions consistent with trivial changes of doubtful significance should therefore undergo punch biopsy for histologic evaluation. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:1298-304.)
Nature of Incorporated Water in Hydrated Silicate Glasses (1980)

Silicate glasses show a wide range of responses to exposure to water or steam at high temperatures and pressure. The response patterns and the factors determining these patterns are discussed. The manner in which water is incorporated in the silicate glasses is elucidated by a study of the near infrared spectra and differential thermogravimetric analysis of hydrated glasses. Factors affecting relative amounts of tightly bonded and loosely bonded water are discussed.
Electroacoustic Phenomena in Concentrated Dispersions:  New Theory and CVI Experiment (1999)

There are two quite different approaches to deriving an electroacoustic theory. The first was suggested by Enderby and Booth 50 years ago and later modified by Marlow, Fairhurst and Pendse. The second was suggested by O'Brien about 10 years ago (O'Brien's approach). He introduced a special relationship between kinetic coefficients that is assumed to be valid in a concentrated system. This approach requires also a theory for dynamic electrophoretic mobility. The most recent version of this theory for concentrated systems was created by Ohshima, Shilov, and A. Dukhin on the basis of the cell model. A hybrid of the O'Brien relationship and this new electrophoretic mobility theory yields expressions for electroacoustic effects in the concentrated systems. We call it "hybrid O'Brien's theory". In principle these two approaches must lead to the same result. To test this expectation, we should generalize the first approach such that it is valid for concentrates. We have done this using the Kuvabara cell model for calculating the hydrodynamic drag coefficient and the Shilov−Zharkikh cell model for electrokinetics. In addition we used a well-known "coupled phase model" for describing the relative motion between the particles and the liquid in the concentrated system. The coupled phase model allows us to eliminate superposition assumption for hydrodynamic fields for incorporating particle polydispersity into the theory. For dilute systems the new theory gives exactly same result as O'Brien's dilute case theory. Surprisingly, in the concentrated systems this theory yields a new relationship for electroacoustic phenomena. It does not converge to the "hybrid O'Brien theory". Why? It turned out that O'Brien's relationship contradicts the Onsager relationship in concentrated systems at the extreme case of the low frequencies when the Onsager relationship is valid. The new theory satisfies the Onsager principle and it converges to the Smoluchowski limit at any volume fraction assuming thin double layer and negligible surface conductivity. We have tested this new theory experimentally using silica Ludox TM (30 nm) and rutile R-746 Dupont (about 300 nm). In both cases we performed an equilibrium dilution protocol. This experimental test confirmed our new theory for volume fractions up to 45 vol %. It also showed that O'Brien's relationship leads to hundreds percents of error in concentrated systems. It is important to mention here the difference between the original O'Brien's theory and software used in the commercially available elecroacoustic spectrometer Acoustosizer. This instrument employs O'Brien's method, but it contains an additional unavailable empirical correction (Hunter, R. J. Colloids Surf. 1998, 141, 37−65) for concentrates. This empirical correction masks original theoretical results.
Synthesis of Titanate, TiO2 (B), Anatase TiO2 Nanofibers from Natural Rutile Sand (2006)

Abstract not Available.
TILLING <i>in extremis</i> (2012)

Targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING), initially a functional genomics tool in model plants, has been extended to many plant species and become of paramount importance to reverse genetics in crops species. Because it is readily applicable to most plants, it remains a dominant non-transgenic method for obtaining mutations in known genes. The process has seen many technological changes over the last 10 years; a major recent change has been the application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to the process, which permits multiplexing of gene targets and genomes. NGS will ultimately lead to TILLING becoming an in silico procedure. We review here the history and technology in brief, but focus more importantly on recent developments in polyploids, vegetatively propagated crops and the future of TILLING for plant breeding.
DataMods: Programmable File System Services (2012)

As applications become more complex, and the level of concurrency in systems continue to rise, developers are struggling to scale complex data models on top of a traditional byte stream interface. Middleware tailored for specific data models is a common approach to dealing with these challenges, but middleware commonly reproduces scalable services already present in many distributed file systems. We present DataMods, an abstraction over existing services found in large-scale storage systems that allows middleware to take advantage of existing, highly tuned services. Specifically, DataMods provides an abstraction for extending storage system services in order to implement native, domain-specific data models and interfaces throughout the storage hierarchy.
Reagentless/non-invasive diagnosis of blood substances (2002)

Determination of blood substances such as total hemoglobin, glucose, protein, cholesterol was investigated based on optical spectroscopy. Measurement was made either non-invasively or from blood or serum without using a test strip or wet chemistry.
Atlantic salmon susceptible to IHN virus (1974)

Single-cell omics research has the power to leave a deep impact on modern healthcare. Sharing data widely and freely advances this progress in both the academic and clinical spheres. We developed the Single Cell Portal (SCP) to maximize the impact of this work. SCP enables data sharing, supports dynamic results visualization, and facilitates scientific exploration across a large repository of single-cell datasets. SCP's data contributors maintain full control over how their data are shared and presented, without requiring web development expertise. Finally, SCP supports the entire lifecycle of a research project, from sparking an idea, to fine-tuning the data with collaborators, to sharing results in an accessible and interactive way. This paper highlights the most valuable ways in which SCP helps to advance single-cell research.
Free-space optical interconnection technology in parallel processing systems (1994)

A critical element in building parallel computers that use very fast processing elements is interprocessor communication. To utilize the processing elements efficiently, the interconnects in such parallel computers must provide high data rates and low latencies with extremely high reliability, compactness, and reasonable cost. We discuss the application of free-space optical links for interprocessor communication in parallel computers. Free-space transmitter and receiver modules have been fabricated and installed in a card cage enclosure. Repeatable signal levels have been achieved, after board removal and replacement, without the use of any micropositioners or adjustments. A time-division-multiplexed (TDM) ring network using high-speed (1 Gbit/s), point-to-point, free-space links has been designed to provide full connectivity among a set of processors connected to the ring nodes. Work is under way to demonstrate the 1DM ring network concept in a multiprocessor computer.
Semirational Design of (North)-Methanocarba Nucleosides as Dual Acting A<sub>1</sub>and A<sub>3</sub>Adenosine Receptor Agonists:  Novel Prototypes for Cardioprotection (2005)

Ring-constrained adenosine analogues have been designed to act as dual agonists at tissue-protective A(1) and A(3) adenosine receptors (ARs). 9-Ribosides transformed into the ring-constrained (N)-methanocarba-2-chloro-5'-uronamides consistently lost affinity at A(1)/A(2A)ARs and gained at A(3)AR. Among 9-riboside derivatives, only N(6)-cyclopentyl and 7-norbornyl moieties were extrapolated for mixed A(1)/A(3) selectivity and rat/human A(3)AR equipotency. Consequently, 2 was balanced in affinity and potency at A(1)/A(3)ARs as envisioned and dramatically protected in an intact heart model of global ischemia and reperfusion.
Antimicrobial Nanoparticles: applications and mechanisms of action (2018)

The Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases (SLJID) is an open access, peer-reviewed, biannual journal published by the Sri Lankan Society for Microbiology (SSM). The Journal considers articles from all professional disciplines involved in the field of infectious diseases. The Journal has been in publication since 2011, is included in the DOAJ since 2018 and is a member of COPE since 2021. The SLJID practices a double-blind peer review policy. From 2022, the SLJID publishes accepted manuscripts online immediately after copy-editing, enabling rapid dissemination of scientific knowledge. The published articles are subsequently compiled into two issues in April and October. The SLJID does not charge any article processing or publication fee.
Evans Blue Attachment Enhances Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-2 Imaging and Radiotherapy (2017)

<b>Purpose:</b> Radionuclide therapy directed against tumors that express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) has proven effective for the treatment of advanced, low- to intermediate-grade neuroendocrine tumors in the clinic. In clinical usage, somatostatin peptide-based analogs, labeled with therapeutic radionuclides, provide an overall response rate of about 30%, despite the high cumulative activity injected per patient. We set out to improve the effectiveness of somatostatin radiotherapy by preparing a chemical analog that would clear more slowly through the urinary tract and, concomitantly, have increased blood circulation half-life and higher targeted accumulation in the tumors. <b>Experimental Design:</b> We conjugated a common, clinically-used SST peptide derivative, DOTA-octreotate, to an Evans blue analog (EB), which reversibly binds to circulating serum albumin. The resulting molecule was used to chelate <sup>86</sup>Y and <sup>90</sup>Y, a diagnostic and a therapeutic radionuclide, respectively. The imaging capabilities and the radiotherapeutic efficacy of the resulting radioligand was evaluated in HCT116/SSTR2, HCT116, and AR42J cell lines that express differing levels of SST2 receptors. <b>Results:</b> The synthesized radiopharmaceutical retained affinity and specificity to SSTR2. The new molecule also retained the high internalization rate of DOTA-octreotate, and therefore, showed significantly higher accumulation in SSTR2-positive tumors. Labeling of our novel EB-octreotate derivative with the therapeutic, pure beta emitter, <sup>90</sup>Y, resulted in improved tumor response and survival rates of mice bearing SSTR2 xenografts and had long term efficacy when compared to DOTA-octreotate itself. <b>Conclusions:</b> The coupling of a targeted peptide, a therapeutic radionuclide, and the EB‑based albumin binding provides for effective treatment of SSTR2-containing tumors.
키토산 올리고당의 암세포 성장 저해 효과 (1999)

Two types of chitosan oligosaccharides, COS I (3,000<MW<5,000) and COS Ⅱ (3,000<MW<5,000), were investigated for their inhibitory effects on the growth of tumor cells (EATC, Hepalclc7, A549, HeLa, Ac2F and Chang). They were shown to possess considerable toxicities toward various tumor cell lines. COS I at the concentration of 1.0 mg resulted in approximately 66pe inhibition of growth of HeLa cells after 72 hours incubation. Toxicity of COS Ⅰ to EATC, A549, Hepalclc7, Ac2F and Chang revealed a reduction in cell viability of 40.1%, 35.2%, 23.3%, 0.0% and 0.0%, respectively. Growth inhibition of COS Ⅱ for A549, HeLa, Hepalclc7, EATC, Ac2F and Chang was approximately 34.1%, 24.1%, 23.2%, 9.8%, 0.0% and 0.0%, respectively. In morphological study, the number of cells was decreased, and the shape of cells was round in EATC, Hepalclc7, HeLa and A549 with the treatment of COS. But the morphology of Ac2F and Chang cells was normal. These results suggest that COS I and COS Ⅱ have inhibitory effect on the growth of tumor cells but no inhibitory effects on the growth of normal cells.
The mechanism of balloon angioplasty. (1980)

A new theory of the mechanism of percutaneous arterial angioplasty is advanced. For this study, abdominal aortas and coronary, renal, superior mesenteric, and iliac arteries were obtained from cadavers. In addition, the iliac arteries of dogs were dilated and studied. No evidence of significant compression or redistribution of plaques could be found, supporting the theory that atheromatous material is incompressible. Cracking of the intima and separation of it from the media were histologically demonstrated following angioplasty. It is proposed that the stretched media distends following dilatation, carrying with the intima and atheromatous material. Once the media is freed from the encasing effect of the intima, it adapts to the circulatory needs of the body. Beyond a certain point, the arterial widening becomes permanent, due to an overstretching of the muscle fibers, which is demonstrated by a corkscrew deformity of the muscle cell nuclei.