gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thailandepsins: Bacterial Products with Potent Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Activities and Broad-Spectrum Antiproliferative Activities (2011)

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have emerged as a new class of anticancer drugs, with one synthetic compound, SAHA (vorinostat, Zolinza; 1), and one natural product, FK228 (depsipeptide, romidepsin, Istodax; 2), approved by FDA for clinical use. Our studies of FK228 biosynthesis in Chromobacterium violaceum no. 968 led to the identification of a cryptic biosynthetic gene cluster in the genome of Burkholderia thailandensis E264. Genome mining and genetic manipulation of this gene cluster further led to the discovery of two new products, thailandepsin A (6) and thailandepsin B (7). HDAC inhibition assays showed that thailandepsins have selective inhibition profiles different from that of FK228, with comparable inhibitory activities to those of FK228 toward human HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC7, and HDAC9 but weaker inhibitory activities than FK228 toward HDAC4 and HDAC8, the latter of which could be beneficial. NCI-60 anticancer screening assays showed that thailandepsins possess broad-spectrum antiproliferative activities with GI50 for over 90% of the tested cell lines at low nanomolar concentrations and potent cytotoxic activities toward certain types of cell lines, particularly for those derived from colon, melanoma, ovarian, and renal cancers. Thailandepsins thus represent new naturally produced HDAC inhibitors that are promising for anticancer drug development.
Data hiding in digital binary image (2000)

This paper proposes a new method to embed data in binary images, including scanned text, figures and signatures. The method manipulates "flippable" pixels and uses shuffling to embed a significant amount of data without causing noticeable artifacts. The extraction of the hidden data does not require the original image. Potential applications include detecting unauthorized use of a digitized signature and authenticating binary documents.
Comorbidity of personality disorders and major depression in patients with somatoform pain disorders or medical illnesses with long-standing work disability (1997)

The comorbidity between major depression and personality disorders in patients with long-standing work disability at a rehabilitation clinic was investigated. Sixty patients with a somatoform pain disorder and 66 patients with different medical illnesses were assessed by means of a self rating scale for major depression, and the SCID screen personality disorder questionnaire. In the total series, 27% of the patients had a diagnosis of major depression and 34.9% had at least one personality disorder. Personality disorders were significantly more common in patients with medical illness than in patients with a somatoform pain disorder. There was a high frequency of comorbidity between major depression and personality disorders, especially borderline and avoidant personality disorders. If this is due to a common pathogenetic mechanism, it could explain why SSRIs are effective in both depression and some personality disorders.
Co‐targeting the PI3K/ <scp>mTOR</scp> and JAK2 signalling pathways produces synergistic activity against myeloproliferative neoplasms (2013)

Aberrant JAK2 signalling plays a central role in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). JAK2 inhibitors have proven to be clinically efficacious, however, they are not mutation-specific and competent enough to suppress neoplastic clonal haematopoiesis. We hypothesized that, by simultaneously targeting multiple activated signalling pathways, MPN could be more effectively treated. To this end we investigated the efficacy of BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, alone and in combination with the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, in different preclinical models of MPN. Single-agent BEZ235 inhibited the proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of mouse and human JAK2V617F mutated cell lines at concentrations significantly lower than those required to inhibit the wild-type counterpart, and preferentially prevented colony formation from JAK2V617F knock-in mice and patients' progenitor cells compared with normal ones. Co-treatment of BEZ235 and ruxolitinib produced significant synergism in all these in-vitro models. Co-treatment was also more effective than single drugs in reducing the extent of disease and prolonging survival of immunodeficient mice injected with JAK2V617F-mutated Ba/F3-EPOR cells and in reducing spleen size, decreasing reticulocyte count and improving spleen histopathology in conditional JAK2V617F knock-in mice. In conclusion, combined inhibition of PI3K/mTOR and JAK2 signalling may represent a novel therapeutic strategy in MPN.
Vinyl Polymerization. LXXIV. Radical Polymerization of Bornyl and Isobornyl Methacrylate (1963)

メタクリル酸のエンド- ボルニル(ボルニル) およびエキソ-ボルニル(イソボルニル) 基のラジカル重合過程におよぼす立体効果を検討するために, メタクリル酸ボルニル(BMA) およびメタクリル酸イソボルニル(IBMA) を合成し, アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(AIBN)による重合過程を動力学的に研究した。重合はベンゼン溶液中,封管重合で行なった。両モノマーの重合速度(Rp) は次式で表わされた。Rp=k[AIBN]0.5[M]1.1同一条件下ではBMAはIBMAより速やかに重合し,生成ポリマーの重合度も大であった。このような重合速度のちがいは活性化エネルギーよりも頻度因子のちがいによることがわかった。またポリメタクリル酸ボルニル(PBMA) およびイソボルニル(PIBMA)を氷酢酸中で硫酸を触媒として加酢酸分解すると,PIBMAの場合にのみ反応が進行し,ポリメタクリル酸が得られた。このポリメタクリル酸の粘度測定による分子量およびPBMA,PIBMAについての浸透圧測定から得られた数平均分子量(Mn)とそれらの極限粘度[η]との関係から数平均分子量-極限粘度関係式が導かれた。[η]=9.95×10-4Mn0.556(ベンゼン中,30℃)
Heated SC1 Solution for Selective Etching and Resist Particulate Removal (1993)

A study of the SC1 solution for use in both resist particulate removal and in selective wet etching of certain films is reported. The ratio of SC1 solution used for the following tests is 1:2:10. Etch rates for films such as tetraethylorthosilicate oxide, borophosphosilicate glass, nitride, doped polysilicon, and thermal oxide are investigated. Film composition, age of chemicals used, temperature, and composition of chemicals are factors which can influence etch rates of these films.
Human involvement in dynamic reconfiguration of Integrated Modular Avionics (2008)

The degree of flexibility brought to the next generation of aircraft by integrated modular avionics (IMA) concept potentially enables dynamic reconfiguration of the avionics systems, e.g. as a means of fault containment. So far, most of the research in this field has focused on real-time task scheduling and dynamic resource (re)allocation. In this paper, we show that these are just some aspects of the more general problem of IMA reconfiguration. Focusing on one of the sub- problems, human involvement, we provide evidence of the need and criticality of pilot-system real-time interaction during reconfiguration. In this regard, we present a novel approach to solve the complex combinatorial problem of IMA reconfiguration in real-time whilst providing support for pilot's involvement by means of automatic generation of explanations of reconfiguration actions, in order to augment her situation awareness. Our approach is based on explanation-based constraint programming.
Adaptive Multi-Agent Control Strategy in Heterogeneous Countermeasure Environments (2021)

In the rapidly changing air combat environment, it is quite difficult for pilots to make speedy and reasonable decisions in a very short period due to lack of experience and the uncertainty of perception situation. Hence, the authors propose an intelligent cognitive tactical strategy framework of air combat on multi-source information in uncertain air combat situations for decision support. A fuzzy inferring tree method is proposed to simulate human intellection. Then, to further improve the accuracy of the reasoning results, a genetic algorithm is introduced to optimize the structure and parameters of fuzzy rules. The simulation results show that the proposed model is reasonable, fast, accurate, repeatable, and fatigue-free, which lays a good foundation for future high-end unmanned combat explorations.
459. Preparation of 3,4-diamino-, 3-amino-4-methylamino-, and 4-amino-3-methylamino-pyridine (1962)

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.
Galantamine is an allosterically potentiating ligand of the human α4/β2 nAChR (2000)

Galantamine (Reminyl) is a novel drug treatment for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Originally established as a reversible inhibitor of the acetylcholine-degrading enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), galantamine also acts as an allosterically potentiating ligand (APL) on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). Having previously established this second mode of action on nAChRs from murine brain, we demonstrate here the same action of galantamine on the most abundant nAChR in the human brain, the alpha4/beta2 subtype. This nAChR-sensitizing action is not a common property of all, or most, AChE inhibitors, as is shown by the absence of this effect for other therapeutically applied AChE inhibitors including tacrine, metrifonate, rivastigmine and donepezil. The possible benefits for therapy of AD of an APL action on nicotinic receptors is discussed.
TaxiRec: Recommending Road Clusters to Taxi Drivers Using Ranking-Based Extreme Learning Machines (2017)

Utilizing large-scale GPS data to improve taxi services has become a popular research problem in the areas of data mining, intelligent transportation, geographical information systems, and the Internet of Things. In this paper, we utilize a large-scale GPS data set generated by over 7,000 taxis in a period of one month in Nanjing, China, and propose TaxiRec: a framework for evaluating and discovering the passenger-finding potentials of road clusters, which is incorporated into a recommender system for taxi drivers to seek passengers. In TaxiRec, the underlying road network is first segmented into a number of road clusters, a set of features for each road cluster is extracted from real-life data sets, and then a ranking-based extreme learning machine (ELM) model is proposed to evaluate the passenger-finding potential of each road cluster. In addition, TaxiRec can use this model with a training cluster selection algorithm to provide road cluster recommendations when taxi trajectory data is incomplete or unavailable. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of TaxiRec.
Protection from reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart by postischaemic deferoxamine and oxypurinol administration (1987)

A Langendorff isolated rat heart preparation was used to determine the effect of oxypurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, and deferoxamine, an iron binding agent, on the extent of myocardial reperfusion injury after 60 minutes of ischaemia. Thirty rats were divided into three groups of 10, and an isolated heart preparation made from each rat. The isolated hearts were perfused for 15 minutes with a modified Krebs-Henseleit perfusate solution to permit stabilisation of the preparation. Each heart was then subjected to 60 minutes of total ischaemia at 37 degrees C followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion with either saline treated perfusate, oxypurinol treated perfusate (1.3 mmol.litre-1), or deferoxamine treated perfusate (0.61 mmol.litre-1). Reperfusion injury was assessed by the total amount of creatine phosphokinase released into the perfusate, by changes in myocardial vascular resistance, and by morphological examination. The saline treated group released significantly more creatine phosphokinase into the perfusate than either the oxypurinol treated group (p less than 0.05) or the deferoxamine treated group (p less than 0.05). The mean vascular resistance increased for all groups during the 60 minutes of reperfusion compared with that just before ischaemia but was significantly greater in the saline treated group than in the drug treated groups (p less than 0.01). Ultrastructural examination of a randomly selected heart from each group after 60 minutes of reperfusion showed pronounced attenuation of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum swelling, increased maintenance of membrane integrity, and diminished separation of myofilaments in the oxypurinol treated and deferoxamine treated hearts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FireWxNet: A Multi-Tiered Portable Wireless System for Monitoring Weather Conditions in Wildland Fire Environments ; CU-CS-999-05 (2005)

In this paper we present FireWxNet, a multi-tiered portable wireless system for monitoring weather conditions in rugged wildland re environments. FireWxNet provides the re ghting community the ability to safely and easily measure and view re and weather conditions over a wide range of locations and elevations within forest res. This previously unattainable information allows re behavior analysts to better predict re behavior, heightening safety considerations. Our system uses a tiered structure beginning with directional radios to stretch deployment capabilities into the wilderness far beyond current infrastructures. At the end of our system we design and integrate a multi-hop sensor network to provide environmental data. We also integrate a web-camera to provide visual data. This paper describes a week long full system deployment utilizing 3 sensor networks and 2 web-cams in the Selway-Salmon Complex Fires of 2005. We perform an analysis of system performance and present observations and lessons gained from our deployment.
Promoting Federal Support for Educational Research in Canada (1987)

The support for educational research in Canada has historically lagged far behind the support for educational research in other similarly developed countries. In this paper, the steps taken to redress this situation are briefly described. The effect is dramatic; since 1979–80, federal support for self-initiated, non-contractual research in education has increased from C$126,000 to more than C$1.7 million. 1
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Increases Bone Resorption in Dispersed Osteoclast Cultures by Increasing Osteoclast Size (1999)

Several reports indicate that macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) is one of the major factors required for osteoclast proliferation and differentiation. Paradoxically, it has also been reported that MCSF inhibits osteoclastic activity. We therefore decided to investigate in detail the effects of MCSF on resorption and osteoclast formation to try and clarify this issue. Osteoclast-containing cultures were obtained from rabbit long bones and cultured on plastic culture dishes or devitalized bovine bone slices. MCSF (4-400 ng/ml) stimulated osteoclastic bone resorption in a time-dependent manner and at all doses examined. After 48 h of culture in the presence of MCSF, we observed a 2-fold increase in the total area of bone resorbed, as well as a significant increase in the area of bone resorbed per osteoclast and the number of resorption pits per osteoclast. This effect was paralleled by an increase in the number of larger osteoclasts (as determined by the number of nuclei per cell) and an increase in the size and depth of the resorption pits. Since the total number of osteoclasts remained the same, the MCSF-induced increase in resorptive activity appeared to be related to an increase in the average size of the osteoclasts. When resorption was expressed as the amount of bone resorbed per osteoclast nucleus, larger osteoclasts resorbed more per nucleus, suggesting that large osteoclasts, as a population, are more effective resorbers than small osteoclasts. Interestingly, when osteoclasts were plated at one-fifth the standard density, the amount of bone resorbed per osteoclast decreased considerably, indicating that resorptive activity is also affected by cell density of osteoclasts and/or of other cells present. However, at this lower density MCSF still increased osteoclast size and resorption by the same fold increase over control, suggesting that the effect of MCSF was independent of factors related to cell density.
Design of a slot-coupled radial line helical array antenna for high power microwave applications (2017)

An eight-ring radial helical array antenna based on a novel slot-coupled structure is designed and simulated. The novel coupling structure has the advantages of high power-handling capacity and excellent coupling ability. The simulation results of the array antenna agree well with theoretical calculations, and the aperture efficiency is about 78.1% when the beam is in the normal direction. The power-handling capacity is about 100 MW on vacuum condition. The simulation results also show that the gain is 30.7 dB and the main lobe’s axial ratio is 0.25 dB. Furthermore, the structure of the antenna is compact, and it may be applied to larger circular helical arrays to realize higher gain and higher power-handling capacity.
Ultra-Low Power Robust 3bit/cell Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 Ferroelectric FinFET with High Endurance for Advanced Computing-In-Memory Technology (2021)

Scaled ferroelectric FinFET devices were fabricated with post fin formation surface engineering (SE) to remove the line-edge roughness (LER) from the silicon surface by dry etching. This facilitated 3bit/cell operations in 10 nm Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 based ferroelectric FinFETs along with on-state current (I ON ) to off-state current (I OFF ) ratio of 106, extrapolated 10-year retention and endurance above 1011 cycles. Further, we have evaluated its performance in all ferroelectric neural network, where ferroelectric FinFETs are used as synaptic devices or neurons for weight storage. Synaptic core built with optimized devices achieve software-comparable 97.91% inference accuracy on MNIST data and multi-layer perceptron network.
Experience with an implementation of the <i>Idle Sense</i> wireless access method (2007)

very selective A+
Peripheral Blood CD34 <sup>+</sup> KDR <sup>+</sup> Endothelial Progenitor Cells Are Determinants of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in a Middle-Aged General Population (2006)

Depletion of CD34(+)KDR(+) EPCs is an independent predictor of early subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy subjects and may provide additional information beyond classic risk factors and inflammatory markers.
Graphene Field-Effect Transistors with Ferroelectric Gating (2010)

Recent experiments on ferroelectric gating have introduced a novel functionality, i.e., nonvolatility, in graphene field-effect transistors. A comprehensive understanding in the nonlinear, hysteretic ferroelectric gating and an effective way to control it are still absent. In this Letter, we quantitatively characterize the hysteretic ferroelectric gating using the reference of an independent background doping (n(BG)) provided by normal dielectric gating. More importantly, we prove that n(BG) can be used to control the ferroelectric gating by unidirectionally shifting the hysteretic ferroelectric doping in graphene. Utilizing this electrostatic effect, we demonstrate symmetrical bit writing in graphene-ferroelectric field-effect transistors with resistance change over 500% and reproducible no-volatile switching over 10⁵ cycles.
[Enhancing effect of chuangxinmycin on synthesis of enzymes in tryptophan synthesis pathway of chuangxinmycin-resistant mutant strain of E. coli]. (1990)

Chuangxinmycin (CXM) and L-trp cause repression of trp-operon in wild strain of E. coli and indolepropanic acid (IPA) causes derepression of this strain. In CXM-resistant mutant strain, CXM and IPA both cause derepression, and interaction of CXM and IPA is competitive. However, L-trp results in neither repression nor derepression in the mutant, but it can counteract the activity of CXM or IPA. These results suggest that there are repression and derepression sites on repressor of E. coli. CXM can bind to both sites, but mainly to repression site. The structure of repression site of the CXM-resistant mutant is altered, so that CXM can not bind to the repression site and binds mainly to the derepression site, thus leading to the derepression of trp-operon.
Use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms for genetic counseling: population genetic considerations. (1982)

Two-locus population genetic models are analyzed to evaluate the utility of restriction fragment length polymorphisms for purposes of genetic counseling. It is shown that the linkage disequilibrium between a neutral marker and a tightly linked overdominant mutant will increase rapidly as the mutant moves to its polymorphic equilibrium. The linkage disequilibrium decays for deleterious recessive mutants. Two measures involving the linkage disequilibrium are investigated to determine how much information the transmission of the neutral marker provides about the transmission of the selected gene. In certain kinds of matings, where the parental two-locus genotypes and linkage phases are known, it is possible to determine whether or not a progeny is homozygous for the selected gene on the basis of the fetal genotype at the marker locus. A quantity of primary interest is the fraction of matings between individuals heterozygous for the selected gene in which exact diagnosis can be made in this way. The expected proportion of such matings, taken over all two-locus matings involving heterozygotes at the selected locus, is calculated as a function of the gene frequencies at the two loci and the linkage disequilibrium between them. This expected value is maximized when the linkage disequilibrium is at its maximum in absolute value. Fewer than half of all matings are informative if the linkage disequilibrium is small in magnitude or if the gene frequencies at the two loci are quite different. Consideration is also given to various conditional measures of association that may be useful when the parental two-locus genotypes are unknown. The results suggest that the utility of tightly linked neutral marker genes in predicting the transmission of a selected gene is generally less when selection acts against a recessive gene than for overdominant selection.
Synthesis and characterization of a redox‐initiated, injectable, biodegradable hydrogel (2005)

Abstract A chemically crosslinked biodegradable hydrogel was prepared via a macromer technique, and physicochemical characterizations associated with its potential application as an injectable biomaterial were carried out. The macromers were composed of poly(ethylene glycol) extended with oligomers of biodegradable polyesters such as oligolactide and end‐capped with acryloyl groups. Hydrogels were obtained through the polymerization of the macromer aqueous solutions in phosphate‐buffered saline initiated by a redox initiator system at body temperature. The initiator system was composed of ammonium persulfate as an initiator and N , N , N ′, N ′‐tetramethylethylene diamine as an accelerator. The modulus of this chemical gel was much higher than that of a Pluronic physical gel. In vitro biodegradation was also confirmed. The degradation rates were highly tunable by the adjustment of several factors, such as the kind of ester group, the block length of the oligoester, and even the concentration of the accelerator used in the crosslinking reaction. The gelation time could be adjusted to meet the requirements of an injectable biomaterial. The effect of the polymerization heat seemed not to be significant. This kind of biodegradable hydrogel might be in situ formed after being injected into the body and shows potential applications as a unique tissue engineering material free of porogening techniques in scaffold fabrication and less invasive in implantation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006