gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal space diversity aided dynamic multiplexing for eMBB and URLLC traffics (2017)

5G is envisaged to support diverse use cases and applications. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) have been identified as two main communication scenarios in 5G. Unlike eMBB service which demands high data rate, URLLC has stringent latency and reliability requirement. Due to the sporadic and stochastic characteristics of URLLC traffic, an URLLC transmission may suddenly occurs during the transmission of eMBB data. It is sometimes necessary to transmit URLLC data on the resources occupied by eMBB. Thus in this paper, we investigate the dynamic downlink multiplexing for eMBB and URLLC data on the same time/frequency resource. Specifically, we present a dynamical puncturing scheme, which allows URLLC data occupy part of the radio resource that has been scheduled to ongoing eMBB transmission. The puncturing will degrade the performance of the eMBB traffic, therefore we introduce the signal space diversity (SSD) scheme into the proposed dynamic puncturing scheme. The decoding performance of eMBB data over the fading channel is thus improved through the component interleaving and rotation modulation. Furthermore, we derive the optimal rotation angel that can achieve the optimal puncturing performance by maximizing the average mutual information (AMI). The link-level simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing strategy, and the performance gain is around 1dB when the code rate is set as $2/3$. This observation also validates the theoretical analysis based on the AMI.
THE GMR 4-4 “HYPREX” ENGINE A CONCEPT OF THE FREE-PISTON ENGINE FOR AUTOMOTIVE USE (1957)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">DESCRIBED here is a 250-hp free-piston gasifier-turbine engine that has actually been installed in an automobile.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A unique feature of this Hyprex engine is that it is a siamesed unit. The overall design has been selected, according to the author, to secure a compact, light-weight machine with improved thermal efficiency and with a reduction in general noise.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Although the engine is still in the experimental stage, the author reports that analysis and results indicate it will be a serious contender for powering automotive vehicles.</div></div>
Human IgG subclass pattern of inducing complement‐mediated cytolysis depends on antigen concentration and to a lesser extent on epitope patchiness, antibody affinity and complement concentration (1991)

The relative complement-mediated lytic capability of the IgG subclass isotypes was studied using a matched set of mouse-human chimeric anti-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) antibodies. The subclass pattern was shown to be highly dependent on variations in antigen concentration and to lesser extent on variation in epitope patchiness, antibody binding affinity and complement concentration. In general, the IgG3 subclass was most effective in inducing cytolysis at the different conditions used and only at high antigen concentration did the IgG1 subclass mediated more efficient cytolysis than IgG3. The IgG2 isotype required a relative high antigen concentration to be cytolytic while the IgG4 isotype was not cytolytic at any of the conditions tested. These individual characters of each of the IgG subclasses makes it conceivable that a subtle system of immunoregulation exists among the subclasses.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Cross-Metathesis with Tetrafluoroethylene and Analogous Fluoroolefins (2015)

This Communication describes a successful olefin cross-metathesis with tetrafluoroethylene and its analogues. A key to the efficient catalytic cycle is interconversion between two thermodynamically stable, generally considered sluggish, Fischer carbenes. This newly demonstrated catalytic transformation enables easy and short-step synthesis of a new class of partially fluorinated olefins bearing plural fluorine atoms, which are particularly important and valuable compounds in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry as well as the materials and polymer industries.
Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Interleukin-2 and Thymosin  1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (1996)

The safety and antiviral effects of polyethylene glycolated interleukin-2 (PEG-IL-2) and thymosin alpha 1 in addition to zidovudine were studied in 12 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with 50-250 CD4 T cells/mm3. PEG-IL-2 was administered by intravenous infusions every 2 weeks at 10(6) IU/m2 for 20 weeks. Thymosin alpha 1 was administered subcutaneously at 400 microgram/m2 after four doses of PEG-IL-2, escalating to 1600 microgram/m2 weekly for an additional 2 months. Significant elevations of CD4 T cell numbers of 30%-40% were seen after PEG-IL-2 infusions, but no additional increase in CD4 cell count was observed with thymosin alpha 1. Virologic monitoring by polymerase chain reaction quantitation of proviral DNA and plasma RNA and p24 antigen assays showed no evidence of increased HIV activation during PEG-IL-2 or thymosin alpha 1 therapy. Patients tolerated both PEG-IL-2 and thymosin alpha 1 without significant toxicities.
Dose-dependent response of plasma ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations to bovine ghrelin in Holstein heifers (2006)

The stimulatory effect of the novel gastric-derived hormone, ghrelin, on growth hormone (GH) secretion has been reported in domestic animals as well as in humans and rats. The octanoyl modification on the Ser3 residue of ghrelin appears to be essential for its endocrine activity. A major portion of circulatory ghrelin lacks acylation but possesses some biological activities other than GH stimulation; therefore, both types of acylated and des-acyl ghrelin are supposed to be important for energy homeostasis. The effects of pharmacological doses of rat and/or human ghrelin on GH secretion have been reported recently in ruminants; however, the physiological effect of exogenous bovine ghrelin on its own plasma level and on GH secretion is still unknown. Moreover, the RIA systems for the measurement of bovine active ghrelin and for bovine total ghrelin including acylated ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and all ghrelin peptides with an intact bovine C-terminal have not yet been validated. In this study, we established the RIA system for bovine ghrelin, and the dose-dependent effects of synthesized acylated bovine ghrelin(1-27) on plasma active and total ghrelin, GH, insulin and metabolites were measured in Holstein heifers. Six animals were intravenously injected with synthesized acylated bovine ghrelin (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 microg/kg body weight (BW)) and plasma hormone concentrations were measured from serially collected samples. Bovine ghrelin RIA showed that the basal level of total ghrelin is approximately 16 times higher than that of active ghrelin in bovine plasma. Both forms of ghrelin were increased in a dose-dependent manner in response to bovine ghrelin injections, peak values were reached at 5 min after administration and returned to pre-injected values within 15 min. Plasma GH was responsive to all doses of bovine ghrelin in a dose-dependent manner, peaked as early as at 5-10 min after injection and returned to the basal value within 60 min. The GH area under curve 1 h after injection of the smallest dose of ghrelin used in this experiment (0.1 microg/kg BW) was significantly higher than that of the vehicle (0.1% BSA saline)-injected control group (P<0.05). The GH response to the highest dose of ghrelin (10.0 microg/kg BW) was greater than the response to 5.0 microg/kg BW ghrelin (P<0.001). Plasma glucose concentrations were not significantly altered by the administration of bovine ghrelin while plasma insulin levels were transiently stimulated by the higher doses of ghrelin (1.0, 5.0, 10.0 microg/kg BW). Plasma non-esterified fatty acid levels also increased following ghrelin administration. Our study indicates that a considerable quantity of both acylated and des-acyl ghrelin is circulating in the bloodstream, and also confirms that ghrelin is not only a potent stimulator of GH secretion but also plays a considerable role in energy homeostasis in Holstein heifers.
Properties of Nuclear Shielding Concrete (1959)

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Overcompensation in Response to Herbivory in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>: The Role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and the Oxidative Pentose-Phosphate Pathway (2013)

That some plants benefit from being eaten is counterintuitive, yet there is now considerable evidence demonstrating enhanced fitness following herbivory (i.e., plants can overcompensate). Although there is evidence that genetic variation for compensation exists, little is known about the genetic mechanisms leading to enhanced growth and reproduction following herbivory. We took advantage of the compensatory variation in recombinant inbred lines of Arabidopsis thaliana, combined with microarray and QTL analyses to assess the molecular basis of overcompensation. We found three QTL explaining 11.4, 10.1, and 26.7% of the variation in fitness compensation, respectively, and 109 differentially expressed genes between clipped and unclipped plants of the overcompensating ecotype Columbia. From the QTL/microarray screen we uncovered one gene that plays a significant role in overcompensation: glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase (G6PDH1). Knockout studies of Transfer-DNA (T-DNA) insertion lines and complementation studies of G6PDH1 verify its role in compensation. G6PDH1 is a key enzyme in the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway that plays a central role in plant metabolism. We propose that plants capable of overcompensating reprogram their transcriptional activity by up-regulating defensive genes and genes involved in energy metabolism and by increasing DNA content (via endoreduplication) with the increase in DNA content feeding back on pathways involved in defense and metabolism through increased gene expression.
Introducing Telecare: The International Experience (2004)

Introducing Telecare: The International Experience Get access James Barlow James Barlow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Policy & Aging Report, Volume 14, Issue 1, Winter 2004, Pages 10–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/14.1.10 Published: 01 January 2004
Guard Cell Starch Concentration Quantitatively Related to Stomatal Aperture (1979)

Using quantitative histochemical techniques, the carbohydrate levels of guard cells from open and closed stomatal apparatus of Vicia faba L. were compared. To minimize experimental error, all comparisons were between leaflets of the same pair. Stomata on one leaflet were caused to open by light and reduced CO(2). The other leaflet, which was in darkness, had closed stomata. In one experiment, data were also collected on palisade parenchyma, spongy parenchyma, and epidermal cells.Guard cell starch concentration was higher in the leaflets with closed stomata than in open stomata by 72 +/- 16 millimoles per kilogram dry weight (anhydroglucosyl equivalents) (N = 117, P < 0.02). Variation in guard cell starch concentration from one part of a leaflet to another was small. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that starch degradation provides the carbon skeletons for anion synthesis in guard cells during stomatal opening.Sucrose concentration was higher in guard cells when stomata were open than when they were closed in all three experiments (average difference = 45 +/- 7 millimoles per kilogram dry weight [N = 59, P < 0.01]). The variability of sucrose concentration within test leaflets prevented an unequivocal interpretation of these results. When all data are considered, it appears that soluble sugars increase in guard cells when stomata of Vicia faba open.
Designing and Developing S100P Inhibitor 5-Methyl Cromolyn for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy (2013)

We have previously shown that the antiallergic drug cromolyn blocks S100P interaction with its receptor receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) and improves gemcitabine effectiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the concentration required to achieve its effectiveness was high (100 μmol/L). In this study, we designed and synthesized analogs of cromolyn and analyzed their effectiveness compared with the parent molecule. An ELISA was used to confirm the binding of S100P with RAGE and to test the effectiveness of the different analogs. Analog 5-methyl cromolyn (C5OH) blocked S100P binding as well as the increases in NF-κB activity, cell growth, and apoptosis normally caused by S100P. In vivo C5OH systemic delivery reduced NF-κB activity to a greater extent than cromolyn and at 10 times lesser dose (50 mg vs. 5 mg). Treatment of mice-bearing syngeneic PDAC tumors showed that C5OH treatment reduced both tumor growth and metastasis. C5OH treatment of nude mice bearing orthotopic highly aggressive pancreatic Mpanc96 cells increased the overall animal survival. Therefore, the cromolyn analog, C5OH, was found to be more efficient and potent than cromolyn as a therapeutic for PDAC.
Epitaxial Directional Growth of Indium-Doped Tin Oxide Nanowire Arrays (2003)

In this report, we show controlled in-situ doping of a single crystalline metal oxide nanowire, using indium-doped tin oxide (In−SnO2) as an example, during a heteroepitaxial growth process. Highly regular and high-density arrays of In−SnO2 nanowires, which demonstrate three- and four-fold growth symmetry, are obtained directly on optical sapphire substrates. Similar synthesis strategies, involving careful selection of desired growth conditions and smart manipulation of favorable thermodynamic properties, could be extended to production of various doped metal oxide nanowires.
Treatment of Herpetic Pain and Postherpetic Neuralgia with Intravenous Procaine (1961)

AS SO OFTEN OCCURS in diseases for which have no specific treatment, a great number of therapeutic measures have been recommended in the treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. Since herpes zoster is a self-limiting disorder which usually clears without complication, it is difficult to carry out controlled studies or to evaluate the results of any specific form of treatment. An excellent review of 916 patients with herpes zoster seen at the Mayo Clinic reveals clearly that therapeutic measures can best be evaluated if studied in the older-age group.<sup>1</sup>While pain persisting for a month or more was a rare occurrence in those under the age of 30, the percentage of patients with postherpetic neuralgia increased in direct proportion to age, so that over 80% of the patients beyond the age of 40 suffered this complication. In the age group of 70 years or more, 45.5% of the
A consensus view of DNA binding by the C family of replicative DNA polymerases (2008)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Simultaneous, two-camera, 2D gas-phase temperature and velocity measurements by thermographic particle image velocimetry with ZnO tracers (2017)

This work presents simultaneous 2D temperature and velocity measurements on a heated jet using two non-intensified cameras to realize thermographic PIV. In contrast to previous studies which use separate PIV cameras and LIP cameras, the present experiment uses only a double-pulsed UV laser and two low-speed CCD cameras running in double-frame mode, greatly simplifying the setup. The intensity ratio is calculated based on the image pair recorded at two spectral lines for thermography, while the cross-correlation is performed over the two consecutive frames for PIV. A method is proposed to correct for the effects of non-uniform spatial distribution of laser fluence on the intensity ratio, by including the laser fluence into the calibration function. The laser sheet energy profiles are measured and the intensity ratio is translated into temperature according to the local laser fluence and two-colour ratio. The temperature accuracy using this technique is estimated as 3 K at 410 K, by comparing the mean temperature field with the result provided by a thermocouple. Simultaneous 2D temperature and velocity fields are presented for a simple heated jet, demonstrating the expected similarities. The demonstration shows the potential of thermographic PIV in the investigation fundamental problems on turbulent flows, and shows that the technique can be improved through the availability of a dual-cavity UV laser.
Ultralow Emittance, Multi-MeV Proton Beams from a Laser Virtual-Cathode Plasma Accelerator (2004)

The laminarity of high-current multi-MeV proton beams produced by irradiating thin metallic foils with ultraintense lasers has been measured. For proton energies >10 MeV, the transverse and longitudinal emittance are, respectively, <0.004 mm mrad and <10(-4) eV s, i.e., at least 100-fold and may be as much as 10(4)-fold better than conventional accelerator beams. The fast acceleration being electrostatic from an initially cold surface, only collisions with the accelerating fast electrons appear to limit the beam laminarity. The ion beam source size is measured to be <15 microm (FWHM) for proton energies >10 MeV.
Massively Multilingual Word Embeddings (2016)

We introduce new methods for estimating and evaluating embeddings of words in more than fifty languages in a single shared embedding space. Our estimation methods, multiCluster and multiCCA, use dictionaries and monolingual data; they do not require parallel data. Our new evaluation method, multiQVEC-CCA, is shown to correlate better than previous ones with two downstream tasks (text categorization and parsing). We also describe a web portal for evaluation that will facilitate further research in this area, along with open-source releases of all our methods.
Electrosorption behavior of graphene in NaCl solutions (2009)

Graphene has been synthesized by the modified Hummers method and used as electrosorptive electrodes for capacitive deionization. Batch-mode experiments in NaCl solutions at low voltage (≤2 V) are conducted in a continuously recycling system to investigate the electrosorption performance of graphene. The results show that the graphene exhibits a high electrosorption capacity of 1.85 mg/g. The ion sorption follows a Freundlich isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption. And the electrosorption of NaCl onto graphene electrodes is driven by a physisorption process by taking into account the thermodynamic parameters.
Endothelialization of Titanium Surfaces (2007)

An interfacial peptide coating possessing domains that bind to Ti and endothelial cells is synthesized (see figure). Peptides with specific adherence to Ti are identified using phage display, and the RGD motif was selected for cell binding. The peptide can be applied from aqueous solution and possesses micromolar binding affinities. The coating significantly enhances endothelial cell adhesion and spreading under both static and dynamic conditions. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2007/c0029_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Kv1.3 voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> channel subunit as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for breast cancer (2009)

Voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) channels are widely expressed in the plasma membranes of numerous cells such as epithelial cells. Recently, it has been demonstrated that Kv channels are associated with the proliferation of several types of cancer cells. Specifically, Kv1.3 seems to be involved in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the expression of Kv1.3 in immortalized and tumorigenic human mammary epithelial cells. We also evaluated the expression level of Kv1.3 in each stage of breast cancer using mRNA isolated from breast cancer patients. In addition, treatment with tetraethylammonium, a Kv channel blocker, suppressed tumorigenic human mammary epithelial cell proliferation. Therefore, Kv1.3 may serve as a novel molecular target for breast cancer therapy while its stage-specific expression pattern may provide a potential diagnostic marker for breast cancer development.
Direct optimization of a PCI express link equalization in industrial post-silicon validation (2018)

Post-silicon validation is a crucial industrial testing process in modern computer platforms. Post-silicon validation of high-speed input/output (HSIO) links can be critical for making a product release qualification. Peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) is a high-performance interconnect architecture widely adopted in the computer industry, and one of the most complex HSIO interfaces. PCIe data rates increase on every new generation. To mitigate channel effects due to the increase in transmission speeds, the PCIe specification defines requirements to perform equalization (EQ) at the transmitter (Tx) and at the receiver (Rx). During the EQ process, one combination of Tx/Rx EQ coefficients must be selected to meet the performance requirements of the system. Testing all possible coefficient combinations is prohibitive. Current industrial practice consists of finding a subset of combinations at post-silicon validation using maps of EQ coefficients, which are obtained by measuring the eye height, eye width, and the eye asymmetries of the received signal. Given the large number of electrical parameters and the multiplicity of signal eyes that are produced by on-die probes for observation, finding this subset of coefficients is often a challenge. In order to overcome this problem, a direct optimization method based on a suitable objective function formulation to efficiently tune the Tx and Rx EQ coefficients to successfully comply with the PCIe specification is presented in this report. The proposed optimization approach is based on a low-cost computational procedure combining pattern search and Nelder-Mead methods to efficiently solve an objective function with many local minima, and evaluated by lab measurements on a realistic industrial post-silicon validation platform.
Effects of the Surface Chemical Properties of Silica Sols on the Retention and Drainage of Microparticle Systems (2000)

The impact of major surface chemical properties of silica sols on the retention and drainage performance of the silica based micrparticle system, Compozil was investigated using four different silica sols. And the effect of silica properties on the interactions with cationic starch and cationic plyacrylamide has also been identified. The surface charge density and the stability over pH of silica sols were increased by introducing aluminosilicate anions at surface. It was found that the charge density of silica sols determined the addition level necessary to attain the maximum retention and drainage. When silica sols were combined with cationic starch, the change density of the product was the critical properties and the degree of microagregation was of minor importance. In the cationic polyacrylamide system the degree of colloid structure appeared to be a more critcial property than the charge density of silica sols.