gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal-Biased MLS-Based Hearing-Aid Frequency Response Measurement (1993)

Two new signal biased maximum length (MLS) sequence based frequency response measurements have been developed for the electroacoustic characterization of hearing aids. These methods measure the frequency response of an automatic signal processing (AIP) hearing aid when various types of processing used by a hearing aid. Two methods of signal biasing are presented: subtractive and adaptive
Use of a Bone Marrow Transplantation Model System to Demonstrate the Hematopoietic Origin of Plasma S100B mRNA (2007)

The analysis of circulating RNA in plasma opens up new possibilities for the noninvasive monitoring of a variety of physiological and pathological conditions (1). In this study, we demonstrate the usefulness of a bone marrow transplantation (BMT) model system for ascertaining the tissue origin of plasma RNA species. These data were generated as part of a project to develop plasma nucleic acid markers for brain injury. Because brain injury, such as stroke, involves cell death and disruption of the blood-brain barrier, we hypothesized that brain-derived nucleic acids may be released into the circulation. Hence, the measurement of brain-derived RNA markers in plasma may reflect the degree of brain tissue damage.

Numerous reports indicate that S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) is released after brain injury and its concentrations in serum are significantly correlated with injury severity and outcome (2). To investigate whether S100B mRNA might be detectable in the plasma and might serve as a marker for brain injury, we used a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay to measure plasma S100B mRNA concentrations in 67 stroke patients and 16 healthy age- and sex-matched …
Brushless Synchronous Generator Turn-to-Turn Short Circuit Fault Detection Using Multilayer Neural Network (2018)

Stator winding short circuit is one of the faults that occur frequently in electrical machines. Therefore, fault detection and elimination in electric drive systems is necessary for safety-critical applications in order not to cause catastrophic failure to the machine in a short time. This paper reviews recent fault detection and diagnosis techniques that use signal analysis, model-based techniques and artificial intelligence machine diagnosis methods. Then, feedforward neural network will be trained, tested and validated whether or not this artificial neural network can classified healthy and different severity inter-turn short circuit levels by using per unit RMS 3 phases current and voltage quantities as well as fundamental and third harmonic components of current and voltage.
Design and synthesis of amphipathic antimicrobial peptides (1995)

A large proportion of antimicrobial peptides share a common structural feature that is critical to their antimicrobial activity, i.e. amphipathic alpha-helices. The amphipathy of a polypeptide chain can be quantitated through the value of the hydrophobic moment. Generally, antimicrobial peptides are characterized by high hydrophobic moment and low hydrophobicity values. Using these criteria we have identified two short segments that possess hydrophobic moment properties associated with known antimicrobial peptides. Using in vitro assays the segment derived from the protein perforin displays no antifungal or antibacterial activity and, while showing no alpha-helicity in buffer or liposomes, exhibits a modest degree of alpha-helical structure in the presence of the alpha-helical inducer, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. However, rational modifications result in a derivative which assumes an alpha-helical conformation in the presence of liposomes, exhibits potent antifungal activity against plant fungal pathogens, has significant antibacterial activity, effects leakage of a fluorescent dye from acidic liposomes and is devoid of hemolytic activity. Results are also presented for a segment derived from the human immunodeficiency virus envelope protein. We suggest that the identification of putative amphipathic structures in proteins may provide a useful starting strategy in the design and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides.
Translating Molecular Insights in Autoimmunity into Effective Therapy (2008)

Autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases were a major focus of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, where I started my research career. After my initial studies on immune cell culture and immune regulation, I returned to an analysis of the pathogenesis of human autoimmunity in London. Linking upregulated antigen presentation to autoimmunity led to an investigation of the role of cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in collaboration with Ravinder Maini. These experiments defined the concept of a TNF-dependent cytokine cascade driving the manifestations of RA, which led to successful clinical trials of anti-TNF monoclonal antibody in RA patients, heralding a major change in medical practice. This success was made possible by enthusiastic support from many laboratory and clinical colleagues and taught us that cytokines are important rate-limiting steps and hence good therapeutic targets. My current scientific challenge is exploring the hypothesis of whether all major medical needs can be approached via cytokine blockade.
Both interferon alpha and lambda can reduce all intrahepatic HDV infection markers in HBV/HDV infected humanized mice (2017)

Co-infection with hepatitis B (HBV) and D virus (HDV) is associated with the most severe course of liver disease. Interferon represents the only treatment currently approved. However, knowledge about the impact of interferons on HDV in human hepatocytes is scant. Aim was to assess the effect of pegylated interferon alpha (peg-IFNα) and lambda (peg-IFNλ), compared to the HBV-polymerase inhibitor entecavir (ETV) on all HDV infection markers using human liver chimeric mice and novel HDV strand-specific qRT-PCR and RNA in situ hybridization assays, which enable intrahepatic detection of HDV RNA species. Peg-IFNα and peg-IFNλ reduced HDV viremia (1.4 log and 1.2 log, respectively) and serum HBsAg levels (0.9-log and 0.4-log, respectively). Intrahepatic quantification of genomic and antigenomic HDV RNAs revealed a median ratio of 22:1 in untreated mice, resembling levels determined in HBV/HDV infected patients. Both IFNs greatly reduced intrahepatic levels of genomic and antigenomic HDV RNA, increasing the amounts of HDAg- and antigenomic RNA-negative hepatocytes. ETV-mediated suppression of HBV replication (2.1-log) did not significantly affect HBsAg levels, HDV productivity and/or release. In humanized mice lacking adaptive immunity, IFNs but not ETV suppressed HDV. Viremia decrease reflected the intrahepatic reduction of all HDV markers, including the antigenomic template, suggesting that intracellular HDV clearance is achievable.
Bioinspired Blend Membranes Based on Adenine and Guanine Functional Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (2010)

We have investigated adenine and guanine functional PGMAAdenine and PGMAGuanine as proton-conducting bioinspired membranes. Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) was prepared by free-radical polymerization and then modified with adenine and guanine molecules via ring opening of the epoxide ring. The complexed structure of the polymers was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and (13)C CP-MAS NMR and elemental analysis studies. The blends of adenine and guanine functional polymers with phosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)) and poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) (PVPA) were prepared in several stoichiometric ratios. The thermal and proton-conducting properties of these membranes were investigated in the anhydrous state. Phosphoric acid-doped polymers had lower T(g) values and higher proton conductivities than PVPA blends of adenine and guanine functional PGMA. (PGMAAdenine)-(H(3)PO(4))(2) had a maximum water-free proton conductivity of approximately 4 mS/cm at 150 degrees C.
A Femtosecond Laser Creates a Stronger Flap than a Mechanical Microkeratome (2006)

RESULTS. Study 1: Inflammatory cell infiltration in the central cornea was significantly greater in the FS group than in the MM group at 4 and 24 hours (P 0.05) and was significantly greater in the FSLASIK group than in the MMLASIK group at 24 hours (P 0.05). Infiltration at the peripheral interface was significantly greater in the FS group than in the MM group and was significantly greater in the FSLASIK group than in the MMLASIK group at 24 hours (P 0.05). Study 2: At 1 and 3 months, 126.7 and 191.3 grams of force (gf) were needed to detach the flaps in the FS group, compared with 65 and 127.5 gf in the MM group, respectively. The grams of force needed was significantly higher in the FS group than in the MM group at 3 months (P 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. The FS laser produces greater corneal stromal inflammation than the MM early postoperatively without any increase in apoptosis and stronger flap adhesion late postoperatively. Therefore, it may require stronger anti-inflammatory drugs to be administered. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47: 599‐604) DOI:10.1167/iovs.05-0458
The American Carriage Horse (1911)

The American Carriage Horse Get access A. T. Cole A. T. Cole Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume os-6, Issue 1, January 1911, Pages 283–285, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/os-6.1.283 Published: 01 January 1911
Cost-effective processing of a piezoresistive MEMS cantilever sensor (2011)

In this paper cost-effective methods for fabrication of a piezoresistive cantilever sensor for industrial use are focused. The intended use of the presented cantilever is a medical application. A closer description of the cantilever design is given. The low-cost processing sequence is presented and each processing step is explained in detail. Results from electrical probing and mechanical strength test are given. The results demonstrate that the chosen low-cost processing route results in high yield and a mechanical robust device.
Random Telegraph Signal In Si n-MOSFETs: A Way Towards Single Spin Resonance Detection (2005)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Marco Fanciulli, Enrico Prati, Giorgio Ferrari, Marco Sampietro; Random Telegraph Signal In Si n‐MOSFETs: A Way Towards Single Spin Resonance Detection. AIP Conf. Proc. 14 November 2005; 800 (1): 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2138603 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Implementing Fuzzy Reasoning Petri-Nets for Fault Section Estimation (2008)

Fuzzy reasoning Petri-nets (PNs) is a promising technique to tackle the complexities of power system fault section estimation. This paper addresses several key issues in implementing fuzzy reasoning PNs for fault section estimation, which include optimal design of structure of diagnosis models to avoid large matrix size, utilization of fuzzy logic parameters to effectively handle uncertainties, realization of matrix execution algorithm to achieve parallel reasoning and adaptability, and integration of more reliable input data to enhance estimation accuracy. Case studies are presented to demonstrate the estimation capability under complex scenarios. An implementation solution residing in a control center is proposed.
Effect of saccharin on antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine gel. (2000)

Although chlorhexidine is the most effective agent against dental plaque it is extremely bitter. To prepare formulations, it is necessary to use flavoring and sweetening, which can inhibit the antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine. Saccharin has been considered a compatible substance to use in chlorhexidine rinse or gel preparations; however, the effect of a range of concentrations has not been studied. To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of saccharin on the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine gel, hydroxy-ethyl-cellulose gels containing 1.0% chlorhexidine digluconate and 0.0 to 1.0% sodium saccharin were prepared. Activity against Streptococcus mutans was evaluated using the agar diffusion method and determination of MIC values. The inhibitory zones of growth were 7.83 +/- 0.54 mm when no saccharin was added to the chlorhexidine gel and 7.75 +/- 0.50, 7.63 +/- 0.48, 6.21 +/- 0.40, 4.13 +/- 0.38, when the concentrations of saccharin in the gels were 0.02, 0.10, 0.5, and 1.0%, respectively. The range of MIC values was 1-2 micrograms/ml, with saccharin concentrations of 0%, 0.02, and 0.1%. In contrast, the MIC values were 4-8 and 8-16 micrograms/ml with saccharin concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively. The paired "t" test showed that 0.5 and 1.0% sodium saccharin inhibit the antibacterial activity of 1% digluconate chlorhexidine gel. These in vitro results suggest that saccharin may inhibit the efficacy of chlorhexidine against mutans streptococci, depending on the concentration.
Clinical Impact of a PCR Assay for Identification of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and Determination of Methicillin Resistance Directly from Blood Cultures (2003)

We evaluated the clinical usefulness of a PCR assay that discriminates Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci and detects methicillin resistance on blood cultures by measuring the adaptation of antimicrobial therapy based on the PCR results. Only 7 of 28 patients (25%) benefited from a modification of antibiotic therapy based on the PCR results, since empirical therapy was appropriate in a majority of cases.
Augmented Androgen Production Is a Stable Steroidogenic Phenotype of Propagated Theca Cells from Polycystic Ovaries (1999)

To test the hypothesis that the hyperandrogenemia associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) results from an intrinsic abnormality in ovarian theca cell steroidogenesis, we examined steroid hormone production, steroidogenic enzyme activity, and mRNA expression in normal and PCOS theca cells propagated in long-term culture. Progesterone (P4), 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP4), and testosterone (T) production per cell were markedly increased in PCOS theca cell cultures. Moreover, basal and forskolin-stimulated pregnenolone, P4, and dehydroepiandrosterone metabolism were increased dramatically in PCOS theca cells. PCOS theca cells were capable of substantial metabolism of precursors into T, reflecting expression of an androgenic 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Forskolin-stimulated cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A) and 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (CYP17) expression were augmented in PCOS theca cells compared with normal cells, whereas no differences were found in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA expression. Collectively, these observations establish that increased CYP11A and CYP17 mRNA expression, as well as increased CYP17, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme activity per theca cell, and consequently increased production of P4, 17OHP4, and T, are stable properties of PCOS theca cells. These findings are consistent with the notion that there is an intrinsic alteration in the steroidogenic activity of PCOS thecal cells that encompasses multiple steps in the biosynthetic pathway.
Observer-based excitation control of turbine-generator shaft oscillation (2003)

During disturbances in a power system, turbine-generator shafts are subjected to mechanical stress caused by severe torsional torques. Shaft torque is proportional to the shaft twist, which is caused by angle difference between both ends. However, observing the angle difference in an actual generation system is difficult technically. On the other hand, measuring rotational speed of the shaft ends is relatively easy. Then, if the shaft torque could be estimated effectively, it would be used in order to control the rotational speed for shaft torque reduction. This paper proposes a shaft torque excitation control for rotating machine by making use of an observer for the shaft torque. Firstly, the relationship between the observation signals and the accuracy of the estimation are discussed, and secondly a shaft torque reduction control system developed by using the excitation control based on the estimate by an identity observer. An in-house 7-mass system comprised of joints, shear-pins, and an exciter is used for the test model and Park's equation for the synchronous machine is employed. The controller is established by feeding back the error between the target output and the observer output. Linear quadratic regulator theory (LQR) is employed to design the observer gain, which provides acceptable estimation.
IL-13 and IL-4 promote TARC release in human airway smooth muscle cells: role of IL-4 receptor genotype (2003)

The chemokine thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) induces selective migration of Th2, but not Th1, lymphocytes and is upregulated in the airways of asthmatic patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells produce TARC. Neither IL-4, IL-13, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, nor TNF-alpha alone stimulated TARC release into the supernatant of cultured HASM cells. However, both IL-4 and IL-13 increased TARC protein and mRNA expression when administered in combination with TNF-alpha but not IL-1beta or IFN-gamma. Macrophage-derived chemokine was not expressed under any of these conditions. TARC release induced by TNF-alpha + IL-13 or TNF-alpha + IL-4 was inhibited by the beta-agonist isoproterenol and by other agents that activate protein kinase A, but not by dexamethasone. To determine whether polymorphisms of the IL-4Ralpha have an impact on the ability of IL-13 or IL-4 to induce TARC release, HASM cells from multiple donors were genotyped for the Ile50Val, Ser478Pro, and Gln551Arg polymorphisms of the IL-4Ralpha. Our data indicate that cells expressing the Val50/Pro478/Arg551 haplotype had significantly greater IL-13- or IL-4-induced TARC release than cells with other IL-4Ralpha genotypes. These data indicate that Th2 cytokines enhance TARC expression in HASM cells in an IL-4Ralpha genotype-dependent fashion and suggest that airway smooth muscle cells participate in a positive feedback loop that promotes the recruitment of Th2 cells into asthmatic airways.
Restylane persisting in lower eyelids for 5 years (2012)

The authors report the case of a 58-year-old woman presenting with "puffiness" in her lower eyelids persisting for approximately 5 years. While dark, puffy eyelid circles following hyaluronic acid placement periorbitally are not uncommon, what is so unusual in our case is that it was noted 5 years after treatment with Restylane. It has been our experience that hyaluronic acid within periorbital tissues can result in a negative cosmetic outcome that can persist for years after the treatment.
Electrochemistry: The Basics, With Examples (2012)

Basic Notions.- Simplified Description of Electrochemical Systems.- Thermodynamic Features.- Current Flow: a Non-Equilibrium Process.
Dipeptides promote folding and peptide binding of MHC class I molecules (2013)

MHC class I molecules bind only those peptides with high affinity that conform to stringent length and sequence requirements. We have now investigated which peptides can aid the in vitro folding of class I molecules, and we find that the dipeptide glycyl-leucine efficiently supports the folding of HLA-A*02:01 and H-2K(b) into a peptide-receptive conformation that rapidly binds high-affinity peptides. Treatment of cells with glycyl-leucine induces accumulation of peptide-receptive H-2K(b) and HLA-A*02:01 at the surface of cells. Other dipeptides with a hydrophobic second amino acid show similar enhancement effects. Our data suggest that the dipeptides bind into the F pocket like the C-terminal amino acids of a high-affinity peptide.
Philosophy, Value, and Education (2014)

Abstract An exploration of the idea of education and values associated with the practice of education, this chapter investigates whether some of these values are internal to the practice. Education is neither a quality of character, like a virtue, nor is it a particular relationship, like friendship. It is a human activity involving a large number of participants, and a culture and civilization-specific tradition of its own. Within the core strand of the meaning of ‘education’, education is an intrinsically worthy activity; also, the activity or practice of education has goods that are internal to it, the pursuit of which requires the exercise of the virtues. To think of value education as separable from other streams of education involves a profound misunderstanding of the concept of education. Education, as a process and a practice, is impregnated with value.
A <i>de novo</i> compound targeting α-synuclein improves deficits in models of Parkinson’s disease (2016)

Abnormal accumulation and propagation of the neuronal protein α-synuclein has been hypothesized to underlie the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Here we report a de novo-developed compound (NPT100-18A) that reduces α-synuclein toxicity through a novel mechanism that involves displacing α-synuclein from the membrane. This compound interacts with a domain in the C-terminus of α-synuclein. The E83R mutation reduces the compound interaction with the 80-90 amino acid region of α-synuclein and prevents the effects of NPT100-18A. In vitro studies showed that NPT100-18A reduced the formation of wild-type α-synuclein oligomers in membranes, reduced the neuronal accumulation of α-synuclein, and decreased markers of cell toxicity. In vivo studies were conducted in three different α-synuclein transgenic rodent models. Treatment with NPT100-18A ameliorated motor deficits in mThy1 wild-type α-synuclein transgenic mice in a dose-dependent manner at two independent institutions. Neuropathological examination showed that NPT100-18A decreased the accumulation of proteinase K-resistant α-synuclein aggregates in the CNS and was accompanied by the normalization of neuronal and inflammatory markers. These results were confirmed in a mutant line of α-synuclein transgenic mice that is prone to generate oligomers. In vivo imaging studies of α-synuclein-GFP transgenic mice using two-photon microscopy showed that NPT100-18A reduced the cortical synaptic accumulation of α-synuclein within 1 h post-administration. Taken together, these studies support the notion that altering the interaction of α-synuclein with the membrane might be a feasible therapeutic approach for developing new disease-modifying treatments of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies.