gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving interpretation of remote gestures with telepointer traces (2002)

Gestural communication is an important part of shared work, both in face-to-face settings and distributed environments. However, gestures in groupware are often difficult to see and interpret because of disruptions to their motion caused by network jitter. One way to improve the visibility of remote gestures is by using traces-visualizations of the last few moments' of a remote pointer's motion. We carried out an experiment to test the effectiveness of traces in helping people interpret gestures. We found that telepointer traces dramatically improved people's accuracy and confidence in their decisions as jitter delays grew larger. Our results suggest that telepointer traces and other visualizations of interaction history can be used to enrich communication among remote collaborators.
Wetting of Aluminum Nitride by Nickel Alloys (1978)

The effect of the addition of alloying elements to Nion Ni wetting of AIN was investigated. Pure Ni is nonwetting, but adding Hf, Zr, or Ti caused Ni to wet, whereas V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W did not change the wetting angle. In wetting systems, the alloying elements form nitrides and the change in the wetting angle is related to the change in the Gibbs free energy of formation of the nitrides formed in the contact layer.
Waveguide networks in three-dimensional layer-by-layer photonic crystals (2004)

Different types of waveguides and connections between them were fabricated in a three-dimensional (3D) layer-by-layer photonic crystal. The waveguides were formed by removing either a single rod or a series of rod fragments running in three mutually orthogonal directions. This provides the potential of forming a 3D network of waveguide channels with cross sectional dimensions on the order of one lattice constant. The propagation behavior of guided modes in these waveguide networks was probed using a network analyzer. High transmission efficiency (with loss below 0.5 dB) through various waveguide bends and networks with carefully designed geometries has been achieved.
A novel implementation of fuzzy logic controller using new meet operation (1994)

The authors have proposed a simple fuzzy logic hardware controller, in which the weighted average operation can be simplified to the weighted sum operation by introducing a new meet operation (M. Sasaki and F. Ueno, 1991). However, the characteristics of the edges of the fuzzy membership functions in the controller vary with temperature and processing variations. To overcome this limitation, we propose two bias circuits and a variable current mirror. The circuits can improve the characteristics of the controller not to influence temperature and processing variations without sacrificing the circuit simplicity. The high performance of the improved hardware controller, for example 200 ns total delay time, 1.0% maximum operation error, 3.0 V low supply voltage and 150 /spl mu/W low power dissipation per one rule, was confirmed by SPICE simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
GeSn heterostructure micro-disk laser operating at 230 K (2018)

We demonstrate lasing up to 230 K in a GeSn heterostructure micro-disk cavity. The GeSn 16.0% optically active layer was grown on a step-graded GeSn buffer, limiting the density of misfit dislocations. The lasing wavelengths shifted from 2720 to 2890 nm at 15 K up to 3200 nm at 230 K. Compared to results reported elsewhere, we attribute the increase in maximal lasing temperature to two factors: a stronger optical confinement by a thicker active layer and a better carrier confinement provided by a GeSn 13.8% / GeSn 16.0% / GeSn 13.8% double heterostructure.
Small molecule agents targeting the p53‐MDM2 pathway for cancer therapy (2011)

The powerful tumor suppressor p53 takes charge of a regulatory network to guard over the living cells from harmful effect of different forms of stress and eradicate the tumor cells for normal physiological condition maintenance. However the antitumor function of p53 is often attenuated or even omitted mainly due to two alternative mechanisms, direct gene alterations in p53 or negative controlled by MDM2 protein. In this article, overview on different therapeutic strategies that are exploited to restore the neoplasm therapeutic effect to p53 will be provided, including pharmacological rescue of mutant p53 and modulation of the p53-MDM2 interaction. We attempt to focus on the medicinal chemistry aspects of small molecule agents targeting the p53-MDM2 pathway and recent progress in these agents. In addition, the mechanism of action and anticancer activity of different classes of compounds targeting the p53-MDM2 pathway, as well as structure-activity relationships, are discussed.
PREPARATION OF HEMOGLOBIN SOLUTIONS FOR INTRAVENOUS INFUSION (1947)

A procedure has been detailed for the preparation of sterile non-pyrogenic solutions of oxyhemoglobin which have the approximate protein content and electrolyte composition of plasma. Large volumes of solution can be rapidly prepared, with 95 to 98 per cent of the hemoglobin in the active form capable of combining with oxygen. The solutions contain no particulate matter; 95 per cent of total blood lipids are removed. Solutions stored at 4 degrees C. showed no conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin over a period of 2(1/2) months; over a 6 month period a small and variable amount of methemoglobin may be formed.
Regression of hepatocellular cancer in a patient treated with arginine deiminase. (2004)

We report the first pharmacokinetic and clinical response data from a patient with unresectable hepatocellular cancer treated with a new drug, ADI PEG20,000 mw (arginine deiminase-polyethylene glycol 20,000 molecular weight). A single patient with idiopathic cirrhosis and unresectable hepatocellular cancer was treated with escalating dosages of ADI-PEG20,000 mw. Human hepatocellular cancer has been found to be arginine-dependent for growth because of loss of expression or arginosuccinate synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of citrulline to arginine. Thus, an arginine-degrading enzyme like ADI-PEG20,000 mw should produce cell death in hepatocellular cancer cells without significantly affecting normal cells. There was a dose-dependent reduction of plasma arginine levels after weekly intramuscular administration of ADI-PEG20,000 mw. Successive treatment cycles at the optimal biologic dose of 160 IU/m2 led to reduction in tumor size and serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. Sufficient tumor cytoreduction was achieved with ADI-PEG20,000 mw treatment to permit surgical treatment. The patient developed no toxicities or side effects related to ADI-PEG20,000 mw treatment. The results in a single patient with unresectable hepatocellular cancer treated with ADI-PEG20,000 mw suggests this may be a promising, low-toxicity treatment. Full-scale clinical trials have been initiated.
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein‐2 protects the immature brain from excitotoxic neuronal death (2003)

Excitotoxic cell death is the fundamental process responsible for many human neurodegenerative disorders, yet the basic mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, we exploited the fact that the immature brain is remarkably resistant to seizure-induced excitotoxic cell death and examined the underlying protective mechanisms. We found that, unlike in the adult, seizures do not increase the formation of reactive oxygen species or result in mitochondrial dysfunction in neonatal brain, because of high levels of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP2). UCP2 expression and function were basally increased in neonatal brain by the fat-rich diet of maternal milk, and substituting a low-fat diet reduced UCP2, restored mitochondrial coupling, and permitted seizure-induced neuronal injury. Thus, modulation of UCP2 expression and function by dietary fat protects neonatal neurons from excitotoxicity by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. This mechanism offers novel neuroprotective strategies for individuals, greater than 1% of the world's population, who are affected by seizures.
Solubilities of solids in supercritical fluids (1992)

Abstract The solubilities of several low‐volatility compounds in supercritical fluids were measured. The fluids used were pure carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide modified with small amounts of organic liquids. Some enthalpies of solution of solids in carbon dioxide at a density of 0.80 g/mL are presented. The enthalpy of solution of fluoranthene in carbon dioxide was found to be less endothermic at higher CO 2 density. The order of solubilities in the modified fluids was the same as that in the pure liquid modifiers. The same apparatus was used to measure vapor pressures of some substances as well as solubilities.
<title>Design of a multimedia storage server</title> (1994)

This paper examines the requirements for a large multimedia storage system, such as one for a movie-on-demand service. It presents the architecture for a storage system based on these requirements. The paper then presents a scheme for the organization, placement, and retrieval of multimedia data from the server. The data organization and retrieval schemes are analyzed and it is shown that their performance is superior to other schemes found in the literature.
Childhood Parentification and Shame-Proneness: A Preliminary Study (2000)

The current study, utilizing a group of 197 undergraduate students, found that childhood parentification is associated with shame-proneness in adults (when the shared variance with guiltproneness is controlled). Parentification, the reversal of parent and child roles, requires a premature identification with the parent(s)' expectations and needs, at the expense of the development of the child's true talents and gifts, often leaving the child feeling ashamed of the true self's unrewarded strivings. This finding is linked theoretically to an earlier study that found a relationship between childhood parentification and both narcissistic and masochistic personality characteristics (Jones & Wells, 1996). A secondary finding supported a predicted relationship between guilt and shame. Clinicians are encouraged to attend to the possibilities of these connections when planning and executing treatment plans with parentified adults.
Folding and assembly of phage P22 tailspike endorhamnosidase lacking the N‐terminal, head‐binding domain (1993)

Tryptic digestion of a thermal unfolding intermediate of the phage P22 tailspike endorhamnosidase produces an N-terminally shortened protein fragment comprising amino-acid residues 108-666 [Chen, B.-L. & King, J. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 6260-6269]. In the present work, the 60-kDa C-terminal fragment was purified to homogeneity from the tryptic digest by gel-fitration chromatography. As in the case for the whole tailspike protein (72 kDa), the purified fragment was found to remain stably folded as a highly soluble, SDS-resistant, enzymatically active trimer. However, its unfolding in the presence of guanidinium chloride was accelerated at least 10-fold compared to the complete, native tailspike protein. Shortened tailspike trimers reconstituted spontaneously and with high yield after diluting a solution containing acid-urea-unfolded fragment polypeptides with neutral buffer. Upon recombinant expression of the 60-kDa polypeptide in Escherichia coli, it also assembled efficiently and formed SDS-resistant trimers. The refolding and assembly pathway of the N-terminally shortened tailspike paralleled that of the complete protein with slightly, but significantly, accelerated folding reactions, at both the subunit and the trimer levels. As found for the complete tailspike protein, yields of refolding and assembly of the 60-kDa fragments into SDS-resistant trimers decreased with increasing temperature. The refolding yield of fragments derived from a temperature-sensitive mutant (Gly244-->Arg) tailspike protein was affected in similar fashion as shown for the whole protein. We conclude that the N-terminal domain (residues 1-107) is dispensable for folding and assembly of the P22 tailspike endorhamnosidase both in vitro and in vivo.
Genetics of ABO, H, Lewis, X and Related Antigens (1986)

The present knowledge on chemical, enzymatic, serologic and genetic aspects of ABH antigens is reviewed in an effort to produce a simple and coherent genetic model for the biosynthesis of these antigens and chemically related structures. The genetic control of type 1 (Le(a), Le(b), Le(c) and Le(d)), type 2 (X, Y, I, and H), type 3 and type 4 ABH and related antigens in different animal and human tissues is analyzed, taking into account the properties of the glycosyltransferases which are involved in their synthesis and considering possible competition for common acceptor and donor substrates. The phylogeny of ABH determinants shows that they appeared as tissular antigens much earlier than as red cell antigens. The ontogeny of ABH antigens suggests that they behave as differentiation antigens, and an effort is made to correlate their tissular distribution in the adult with the embryological origin of each tissue.
A Simple Double Beam Accessory for Absorption Spectroscopy (1971)

A system is described which modifies a scanning spectrometer for the visible and the near ir in a simple manner for double beam operation, particularly for use with small samples. The apparatus utilizes a split pupil of a collimator in conjunction with a rotating sector to separate the two partial beams. The operation of the modulator and the electronic circuitry are discussed in detail. The system offers the advantage of simple construction with a high degree of compensation of the optical path lengths, and particularly, with close proximity of probe and reference specimen.
Assessment of MagNA Pure LC Extraction System for Detection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in PreservCyt Samples by the Roche AMPLICOR and LINEAR ARRAY HPV Tests (2006)

Roche Molecular Systems recently released two PCR-based assays, AMPLICOR and LINEAR ARRAY (LA), for the detection and genotyping, respectively, of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The manual specimen processing method recommended for use with both assays, AmpliLute, can be time-consuming and labor-intensive and is open to potential specimen cross-contamination. We evaluated the Roche MagNA Pure LC (MP) as an alternative for specimen processing prior to use with either assay. DNA was extracted from cervical brushings, collected in PreservCyt media, by AmpliLute and MP using DNA-I and Total Nucleic Acid (TNA) kits, from 150 patients with histologically confirmed cervical abnormalities. DNA was amplified and detected by AMPLICOR and the LA HPV test. Concordances of 96.5% (139 of 144) (kappa=0.93) and 95.1% (135 of 142) (kappa=0.90) were generated by AMPLICOR when we compared DNA extracts from AmpliLute to MP DNA-I and TNA, respectively. The HPV genotype profiles were identical in 78.7 and 74.7% of samples between AmpliLute and DNA-I or TNA, respectively. To improve LA concordance, all 150 specimens were extracted by MP DNA-I protocol after the centrifugation of 1-ml PreservCyt samples. This modified approach improved HPV genotype concordance levels between AmpliLute and MP DNA-I to 88.0% (P=0.043) without affecting AMPLICOR sensitivity. Laboratories that have an automated MP extraction system would find this procedure more feasible and easier to handle than the recommended manual extraction method and could substitute such extractions for AMPLICOR and LA HPV tests once internally validated.
[Mammography]. (1997)

Today mammography represents the only imaging modality that decreases with the help of screening programs the mortality rate of breast cancer patients. This becomes increasingly necessary because already every tenth woman in Austria will get this tumor during her lifetime. There is conclusive evidence that the patients chance for survival depends on the clinical status of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. Therefore every woman should undergo a yearly mammogram starting at 40 years of age. If sensitivity and specificity of mammography is under consideration one must differentiate its role during a screening program versus the situation of a symptomatic patient.
Fast time-domain diffuse optical tomography using pseudorandom bit sequences (2008)

We report a novel time-domain diffuse optical tomography to determine the optical properties in a faster speed than the conventional ones. Instead of using the ultrashort pulse laser, a 2.5 Gbps pseudorandom bit sequence is used to modulate the near-infrared light for tissue-like phantom illumination. The time-resolved signal can be retrieved very quickly by demodulation with the reference signal. The system impulse response has a full width at half maximum around 800 picoseconds and the 2-dimentional maps of optical properties can be obtained within a few seconds. The high signal-to-noise ratio and the environmental illumination insensitivity warrant a great potential for applications in clinical noninvasive breast cancer detection.
Evaluation of titanium in hydrochloric acid solutions containing corrosion inhibitors (2013)

Currently, the use of titanium alloys components and coating (clad) in petroleum subsea production systems continues to increase. Titanium alloys are lightweight, very flexible; have greater mechanical resistance relationship showing excellent resistance to corrosion and fatigue in ambient seawater and marine environments. The rate of corrosion of titanium alloys are low for hydrochloric acid (3%), however, in the acidification operations from petroleum well is necessary the use of corrosion inhibitors, because the concentration of hydrochloric acid varies from 10 to 28%. A corrosion inhibitor for acidification can be defined as a substance or mixture of substances which are added to the corrosive medium aim inhibit or minimize the action of the corrosive medium. This paper presents the laboratory tests made with titanium coupons subjected to hydrochloric acid solution 10% (weight %), in temperatures of 50 C and 70 C, and additions of phenylamine (aniline), thiocarbamide and -naphthol as corrosion inhibitors. The results showed that the corrosion protection inhibitors exerted by varies from 50 to 80% depending on the concentration of inhibitors and temperatures used in the tests.
Apoptosis and Viral Hepatitis (1998)

Viral hepatitis is a diffuse inflammatory reaction of the liver caused by hepatotropic viruses. Pathomorphologic studies have shown acidophilic bodies and hepatocyte dropout, features that are compatible with apoptosis. Using in situ terminal transferase labeling, the number of hepatocytes showing features of apoptosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C was found to be small but higher than healthy subjects, indicating that apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. There is evidence that the immune (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)-mediated pathways of apoptosis are activated, suggesting that the apoptosis of liver cells may at least in part be related to the host immune defense. Whether other cytokine-mediated and cellular constitutive apoptotic pathways are involved or not remains to be studied. There are recent data suggesting that hepatitis B and C viral proteins may modulate apoptosis. The exact role of these observations in relation to pathogenesis remains to be established.
FLUKA: A Multi-Particle Transport Code (2005)

This report describes the 2005 version of the Fluka particle transport code. The first part introduces the basic notions, describes the modular structure of the system, and contains an installation and beginner's guide. The second part complements this initial information with details about the various components of Fluka and how to use them. It concludes with a detailed history and bibliography.
Value-of-Information - from Cost-Cutting to Value-Creation (2000)

Abstract Value-of-Information analyses are a powerful tool for short- term rationalisation of data acquisition costs. But even more so the longer-term added value of proper VOI analyses lies in the process of constructing the analysis, and in the insight it gives into risk and opportunity management. A rigorous VOI analysis generally spans the full life cycle of E&P, and as such requires input from a multi-disciplinary team. A thorough scrutiny about where data adds value will lead to value optimisation and creation. In order to unlock this value, implementation of a rigorous and easy-to-use methodology is critical. Such an implementation has progressed in Woodside, and has already led to a shift in mindset. VOI analyses are less regarded as cumbersome and fuzzy, but more and more as an essential part of data acquisition and data analysis. As a result, sizeable reductions in well data acquisition costs have been achieved, and data acquisition and analysis has become more focused.
Delivering Value for Tracking Coiled-Tubing Failure Statistics (2007)

Abstract The concept of tracking coiled tubing (CT) failure statistics for use in developing performance indicators is not new. It has been covered extensively as the subject of previous abstracts. Tracking relies on an established process for reporting and investigation of pipe-related failures allowing the collection of data from CT operations of a leading service provider, which has global representation. The primary aim of the process is the identification of the immediate cause of the failure and, more importantly, the failure mechanism for the incident. Only with a good understanding of prevailing trends, if any, can remedial action addressing the root cause(s) of the problem be enacted. This is particularly important for an organization with more than 200 CT units and more than 750 CT strings in service over a wide geographic landscape. In an environment of high CT activity, which has been the experience of the last two years, the value of this process cannot be overstated. The value to overall CT operations is demonstrated in two examples in which the identified failure trends became the focus of separate service delivery improvement initiatives. The first issue resulted in a change in the organization's policy for reel storage and maintenance, while the second caused a modification in the CT unit controls to properly address the root cause. An in-depth discussion of the issues and their mitigation is the subject of this paper. The most recent paper on this subject presented information covering the period 1995 to 2000. This paper provides updated information on these CT performance indicators, presenting material from activities during the five-year period 2001 to 2005. The evolution of pipe failure trends is covered and contrasted against the changes that have taken place in the CT industry as a whole over the last decade.