gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is vasospasm related to platelet deposition? Relationship in a porcine preparation of arterial injury in vivo. (1987)

Although aggregating platelets can release potent vasoactive substances in vitro, the importance of platelets in mediating naturally occurring or provoked spasm in vivo is not clear. To investigate the possible role of platelets in arterial spasm following arterial injury induced by angioplasty, quantitative platelet deposition of the dilated arterial segment and the degree of vasoconstriction (average percent diameter narrowing just proximal and distal to the dilated segment) produced during angioplasty of the common carotid arteries were studied in 42 heparinized normal pigs that were killed immediately after the angioplasty procedure. Angiographic films of the carotid arteries were taken before and after the dilatation to assess the vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction was greater (40% vs 19%, p less than .002) when platelet deposition (X 10(6)/cm2) was in excess of 10, and the severity of vasoconstriction in vivo had a close positive exponential correlation (r = .77, p less than .001) with extent of platelet deposition in 24 untreated pigs. Platelet deposition and vasoconstriction were greater with severe arterial wall injury than with mild injury (58.8 versus 6.9, p less than .0001; 37% vs 21%, p less than .001, respectively). After severe injury in 18 pigs pretreated with 1 mg/kg/day aspirin, platelet deposition decreased (from 58.8 to 19.6, p less than .02) and vasoconstriction decreased (from 37% to 21%, p less than .003) relative to control. After mild injury, platelet deposition and vasoconstriction were mild and unchanged by aspirin. Thus, local vasoconstriction is influenced by the degree of platelet deposition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hydrolysis of 2D Transition-Metal Carbides (MXenes) in Colloidal Solutions (2019)

Although oxidation was deemed as the main factor responsible for the instability of MXenes in aqueous colloids, here we put forward and test a hypothesis about the central role of water as the primary factor. We show that water and related processes of MXene hydrolysis play the main role in the phenomena leading to complete transformations of 2D titanium carbide MXenes into titania in aqueous environments. To demonstrate the role of water, the stability of two MXenes, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T <sub>x</sub> and Ti<sub>2</sub>CT <sub>x</sub>, has been systematically studied in aqueous and nonaqueous colloids exposed to oxygen and inert gas atmospheres. The calculated time constant for degradation of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T <sub>x</sub> dispersed in anhydrous iso-propanol saturated with pure oxygen exceeds 5 years, in striking contrast to the same MXene dispersed in water, where more than a half of it would transform into titania even in an oxygen-less atmosphere over ∼41 days. A thinner Ti<sub>2</sub>CT <sub>x</sub> MXene showed similar behavior, albeit with shorter time constants in both solvents, correspondingly. UV-vis and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the oxidation kinetics and composition of fresh and aged MXenes. An intense anatase peak was observed in MXenes stored in aqueous solutions under Ar atmosphere, while no signs of oxidation could be found in iso-propanol solutions of the MXenes stored under O<sub>2</sub> atmosphere over a similar period of time.
Minimally invasive fully endoscopic two-level posterior cervical foraminotomy: technical note (2017)

Abstract: Posterior cervical foraminotomy is an effective surgical treatment method for relieving radicular symptoms that result from cervical nerve root compression. Minimally invasive techniques and tubular retractor systems are available to minimize tissue retraction, but minimally invasive approaches can carry with them the surgical challenge of trying to pass instruments through a long narrow retractor that is also the port for visualizing the surgical pathology. Herein, the authors present a case of a 65-year-old man who presented with symptoms of a left C6 and C7 radiculopathy and left C5-6 and left C6-7 foraminal narrowing on MRI. A minimally-invasive fully endoscopic left C5-6 and C6-7 posterior foraminotomy was performed through a 1cm outer diameter working channel endoscopic with a 6 mm working channel. Clinicians should be aware that new minimally invasive non-fusion approaches for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy that utilize endoscopic visualization are now coming into use in clinical practice.
The Polycondensation of Phenylsilanetriol (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Polycondensation of PhenylsilanetriolJohn F. Brown Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 19, 4317–4324Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00947a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00947a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1169Altmetric-Citations216LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Insulin resistance, adipose tissue and coronary heart disease (1992)

Other| January 01 1992 Insulin resistance, adipose tissue and coronary heart disease Keith N. Frayn; Keith N. Frayn 1Sheikh Rashid Diabetes Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Simon W. Coppack Simon W. Coppack 1Sheikh Rashid Diabetes Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1992) 82 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0820001 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Keith N. Frayn, Simon W. Coppack; Insulin resistance, adipose tissue and coronary heart disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 January 1992; 82 (1): 1–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0820001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search Keywords: adipose tissue, coronary heart disease, insulin, insulin resistance, lipoproteins, non-esterified fatty acids, triacylglycerol This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Fast and Accurate Text Classification: Skimming, Rereading and Early Stopping (2018)

Recent advances in recurrent neural nets (RNNs) have shown much promise in many applications in natural language processing. For most of these tasks, such as sentiment analysis of customer reviews, a recurrent neural net model parses the entire review before forming a decision. We argue that reading the entire input is not always necessary in practice, since a lot of reviews are often easy to classify, i.e., a decision can be formed after reading some crucial sentences or words in the provided text. In this paper, we present an approach of fast reading for text classification. Inspired by several well-known human reading techniques, our approach implements an intelligent recurrent agent which evaluates the importance of the current snippet in order to decide whether to make a prediction, or to skip some texts, or to re-read part of the sentence. Our agent uses an RNN module to encode information from the past and the current tokens, and applies a policy module to form decisions. With an end-to-end training algorithm based on policy gradient, we train and test our agent on several text classification datasets and achieve both higher efficiency and better accuracy compared to previous approaches.
Induction of Mucosal Tolerance to E-Selectin Prevents Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Spontaneously Hypertensive Genetically Stroke-Prone Rats (2002)

The novel findings in this study support further investigation of immunologic tolerance as applied to the prevention of stroke.
Secure Key Distribution Using Correlated Randomness in Lasers Driven by Common Random Light (2012)

We propose a secure key distribution scheme based on correlated physical randomness in remote optical scramblers driven by common random light. The security of the scheme depends on the practical difficulty of completely observing random optical phenomena. We describe a particular realization using the synchronization of semiconductor lasers injected with common light of randomly varying phase. We experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme over a distance of 120 km.
Attention-based End-to-End Models for Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting (2018)

In this paper, we propose an attention-based end-to-end neural approach for small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS), which aims to simplify the pipelines of building a production-quality KWS system. Our model consists of an encoder and an attention mechanism. The encoder transforms the input signal into a high level representation using RNNs. Then the attention mechanism weights the encoder features and generates a fixed-length vector. Finally, by linear transformation and softmax function, the vector becomes a score used for keyword detection. We also evaluate the performance of different encoder architectures, including LSTM, GRU and CRNN. Experiments on real-world wake-up data show that our approach outperforms the recent Deep KWS approach by a large margin and the best performance is achieved by CRNN. To be more specific, with ~84K parameters, our attention-based model achieves 1.02% false rejection rate (FRR) at 1.0 false alarm (FA) per hour.
New EPC standard for information services may breathe life back into RFID market (2007)

Subtitle: While analysts put a positive spin on the current slowdown in the RFID market, a new EPCglobal standard for using RFID data could provide a much needed boost.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Huprine−Tacrine Heterodimers:  Subnanomolar Dual Binding Site Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (2004)

A series of huprine-tacrine heterodimers has been developed by connection of huprine Y, a compound with one of the highest affinities for the active site of acetylcholinesterase yet reported, with tacrine, a compound with known affinity for the peripheral site of the enzyme, through a linker of appropriate length to allow simultaneous interaction with both binding sites. These compounds exhibit human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities with IC(50) values in the subnanomolar and low nanomolar range, respectively.
Production and detection theory of pulsed photoacoustic wave with maximum amplitude and minimum distortion in absorbing liquid (1998)

The photoacoustic effect produced by laser-induced stress waves in liquids has found a variety of scientific and practical applications in industry, medicine, and environmental protection. The photoacoustic technique has the natural advantage of being less sensitive to scattering than traditional optical tools, thus offering increased accuracy and sensitivity. This paper aims to give a systematic outline of photoacoustic techniques, starting with the production and extending to the propagation and detection of photoacoustic waves. The focal point is the production of acoustic waves with maximum amplitude and minimum distortion. Maximum amplitude plays an essential role in photoacoustic spectroscopy and minimum distortion is the key to the determination of optical distribution and imaging in turbid media.
A software retrieval service based on adaptive knowledge-driven agents for wireless environments (2006)

The ability to retrieve software in an easy and efficient way confers competitive advantage on computer users in general and, even more especially, on users of wireless devices (like some laptops, PDAs, etc.). In this article, we present a software retrieval service that allows users to select and retrieve software in an easy and efficient way, anywhere and anytime. Two relevant components of this service are: 1) a software ontology (software catalog) which provides users with a semantic description of software elements, hiding the location and access method of various software repositories, and 2) a set of specialist agents that allow browsing of the software catalog (automatically customized for each user), and an efficient retrieval method for the selected software. These agents automatically adapt their behavior to different users and situations by considering the profile and preferences of the users and the network status.In summary, our software-obtaining process based on an ontology and autonomous and adaptive agents presents a qualitative advance with respect to existing solutions: our approach adapts to the features of users, relieving them from knowing the technical features of their devices and the location and access method of various remote software repositories.
Multiple secretion of matrix serine proteinases by human gastric carcinoma cell lines. (1992)

Proteinase species secreted by 10 human gastric carcinoma cell lines were analyzed by gelatin zymography and immunoblotting. These cell lines were classified into the following three groups with respect to proteinase secretion: cell lines secreting mainly gelatinases A and/or B; those secreting multiple types of serine proteinases; and those scarcely secreting these enzymes. Two cell lines of the second group, STKM-1 and MKN28, hardly secreted metalloproteinases but secreted the following four types of serine proteinases: (a) two trypsin-like enzymes (M(r) 26,000 and 24,000 in proenzyme forms); (b) a tissue kallikrein-like enzyme (M(r) 150,000 in a complex form); (c) a plasmin-like enzyme (M(r) 70,000); and (d) a plasminogen activator (urokinase-type, M(r) 57,000, from STKM-1 and tissue-type, M(r) 70,000, from MKN28). The M(r) 70,000 plasmin-like enzyme was also detected at lower levels in the conditioned media of four other cell lines (MKN1, MKN45, NUGC-3, and KATO III). The M(r) 24,000 proenzyme of the trypsin-like enzyme was purified from the serum-free conditioned medium of STKM-1. The proenzyme was activated by enterokinase treatment or autolytically by incubation at neutral pH, decreasing its apparent molecular weight from 24,000 to 23,000 on nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activated enzyme extensively degraded fibronectin, laminin, and gelatins and to lesser extents type I, III, IV, and V collagens at 30 degrees C. These results suggest that the matrix serine proteinases may play a major role in the matrix degradation by some kinds of human cancer cells.
Tranilast (N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid) down-regulates the growth of scirrhous gastric cancer. (1997)

Tranilast is a useful drug to reduce the proliferation of scirrhous gastric carcinoma.
Thermal Striping Temperature Fluctuation Analysis Using the Algebraic Stress Turbulence Model in Water and Sodium (1992)

A three-dimensional temperature fluctuation analysis was carried out using a general-purpose multidimensional thermohydraulic analysis code for a 1 : 2 scale model water experiment and a 1 : 1 scale model sodium experiment simulating thermal striping phenomena. The code was incorporated with an algebraic stress turbulence model (ASM) and an adaptive control system based on the fuzzy theory to control time step sizes. Calculational results under the test conditions of various flow velocity ratios showed good agreement with the measured intensity distribution and maximum value of the temperature fluctuations. From the analysis, it was concluded that (1) the ASM is applicable to the intensity evaluation of the temperature fluctuations related to the thermal striping phenomena, (2) a combined approach of the ASM and the higher-order accurate schemes such as the quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics (QUICK) and QUICK with the filtering remedy and methodology (FRAM) is recommended to analyze overall turbulent flow and temperature fields in engineering applications, and (3) the adaptive time step size control system is practical in reducing computing efforts.
Effect of fish oil and monensin on milk composition in dairy cows (1997)

Four primparous Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square with 21-d periods to determine the effect of redfish oil and monensin sodium on milk composition. The four dietary treatments were a basal diet (control), the basal diet plus 14.5 mg monensin kg −1 dietary dry matter (M), 2% fish oil (FO), and a combination of fish oil and monensin (FO + M). Total DM intake, measured during the last week of each period was reduced on the two fish oil treatments but an interaction with monensin depressed intakes further. An additive inhibition of rumen fibre degradation is discussed. Differences in yields of milk and lactose were not shown to be significant among treatments. Milk fat content was reduced 29.8% by fish oil supplementation and protein content dropped 5.3%. Protein:fat ratios increased from 0.78 on the control ration to 1.08 on the fish oil treatments. Monensin, on the other hand, only caused a change in milk fat percentage, and that by a 7.5% decline. Fish oil increased the concentrations of 20- and 22-carbon fatty acids in milk, including the n-3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids which were transferred at 9.3 and 16.2% efficiency from the diet, respectively. Monensin had no effect on milk fatty acid profile. The fish-oil-by-monensin interaction produced the poorest energy intakes and rates of energy deposition into milk. Key words: Milk composition, fish oil, monensin, omega-3 fatty acids
Capacitive Properties of Body Tissues (1957)

The electric capacity of various tissues surrounding the heart has been investigated in living dogs, using frequency ranges from 10 to 10,000 c.p.s. Electrode polarization, a serious source of error in such measurements, has been corrected for. Discussion of our results and of resistivity data previously obtained in body tissues proves that the electric properties of body tissues are primarily resistive ones.
Articulatory speech synthesis based on fractional delay waveguide filters (2002)

An extension to the traditional Kelly-Lochbaum (1962) vocal tract model is introduced. In the new model not only the diameter but also the length of each tube section can be continuously adjusted. This is achieved by using fractional delay filter techniques such as interpolation and deinterpolation. The filter structure consisting of bidirectional delay lines (digital waveguides) and interpolated ports that connect two or more waveguide sections together is called a fractional delay waveguide filter (FDWF). The interpolated version of the two-port scattering junction is presented and a technique for analyzing the degradation due to approximation errors in interpolation and deinterpolation is described. It is shown that when an FDWF structure with Lagrange interpolation is used a vocal tract model needs to be implemented using oversampling. For example, a sampling rate of 22 kHz is adequate for producing high-quality synthetic sounds at a 5 kHz bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing of Epstein–Barr virus in human cells (2014)

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated 9) system is a highly efficient and powerful tool for RNA-guided editing of the cellular genome. Whether CRISPR/Cas9 can also cleave the genome of DNA viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which undergo episomal replication in human cells, remains to be established. Here, we reported on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the EBV genome in human cells. Two guide RNAs (gRNAs) were used to direct a targeted deletion of 558 bp in the promoter region of BART (BamHI A rightward transcript) which encodes viral microRNAs (miRNAs). Targeted editing was achieved in several human epithelial cell lines latently infected with EBV, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma C666-1 cells. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the EBV genome was efficient. A recombinant virus with the desired deletion was obtained after puromycin selection of cells expressing Cas9 and gRNAs. No off-target cleavage was found by deep sequencing. The loss of BART miRNA expression and activity was verified, supporting the BART promoter as the major promoter of BART RNA. Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the multicopy episome of EBV in infected HEK293 cells was mostly incomplete, viruses could be recovered and introduced into other cells at low m.o.i. Recombinant viruses with an edited genome could be further isolated through single-cell sorting. Finally, a DsRed selectable marker was successfully introduced into the EBV genome during the course of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing. Taken together, our work provided not only the first genetic evidence that the BART promoter drives the expression of the BART transcript, but also a new and efficient method for targeted editing of EBV genome in human cells.
LETTERS FROM GREAT BRITAIN (1932)

LETTERS FROM GREAT BRITAIN Charles Porter CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.22.1.71 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Fatigue crack propagation in nine steels, type SAE 43XX, from 0.20 to 1.00 % C, for the simulation of the fatigue behavior in a carburized layer of the SAE 4320 (2010)

Abstract The objective of this paper is to evaluate the crack propagation rate of the SAE 4320 steel carburized layer. For the simulation of a carburized layer, samples made of SAE 43XX were employed, varying the content of carbon from 0.20 to 1.00%. Specimens were copper layer electroplated, and then, they were heat treated in a cycle of carburizing, quenching, and tempering in five different temperatures to expose them to the thermal effects without diffusion of carbon. The results of the microhardness for the steels and for the analyzed conditions are presented in this work. The curve of microhardness has the same profile of a carburized layer for the SAE 4320 heat treated in the same conditions. The crack growth rates as a function of delta K for three tempering temperatures are plotted and the curves are shown. These results show that when the hardness is high (at 200 °C tempering temperature), there is a scattering of the curves and for the case of lower hardness (at 600 °C tempering temperature), the curves are closer. With increasing of tempering temperature there is a decreasing of the hardness and a significant effect of the metallurgical condition of the resistance of fatigue crack growth. Furthermore, with decreasing of the carbon content there is a very significant increase on the resistance of the fatigue crack growth. As a result of that, in the case of a carburized layer there is a raise of the fatigue crack growth resistance when the crack grows into the steel, from the surface (higher hardness) to the core (lower hardness).