gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Solid-state Infrared Image Converter (1973)

粉末状のCdSe光導電体を焼成し, その光導電特性を研究した.この粉末CdSe光導電体層とZnSエレクトロルミネッセント層とを組合せ, 構造的, 動作温度的に検討することによって固体赤外線映像変換装置を可能とした.得られた装置は, 0.7～1.2μmの近赤外域に感度をもち, 0℃に冷却した状態では, その最低検知入力強度は4×10-10W/cm2に達し, 約300℃の黒体像に感ずる.解像力は3～8本/mm, 応答時定数は数10msから数secで, 光導電体層の厚さおよび動作条件に依存する.
Pentoxifylline protects against endotoxin-induced acute renal failure in mice (2006)

Acute renal failure (ARF) in septic patients drastically increases the mortality to 50-80%. Sepsis induces several proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pathogenetic factor in septic ARF. Pentoxifylline has several functions including downregulation of TNF-alpha and endothelia-dependent vascular relaxation. We hypothesized that pentoxifylline may afford renal protection during endotoxemia either by downregulating TNF-alpha and/or by improving endothelial function. In wild-type mice, pentoxifylline protected against the fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR; 105.2 +/- 6.6 vs. 50.2 +/- 6.6 microl/min, P < 0.01) at 16 h of LPS administration (2.5 mg/kg ip). This renal protective effect of pentoxifylline was associated with an inhibition of the rise in serum TNF-alpha (1.00 +/- 0.55 vs. 7.02 +/- 2.40 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and serum IL-1beta (31.3 +/- 3.6 vs. 53.3 +/- 5.9 pg/ml, P < 0.01) induced by LPS. Pentoxifylline also reversed the LPS-related increase in renal iNOS and ICAM-1 and rise in serum nitric oxide (NO). Enhanced red blood cell deformability by pentoxifylline may have increased shear rate and upregulated eNOS. Studies were therefore performed in eNOS knockout mice. The renal protection against endotoxemia with pentoxifylline was again observed as assessed by GFR (119.8 +/- 18.0 vs. 44.5 +/- 16.2 microl/min, P < 0.05) and renal blood flow (0.86 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.05 ml/min, P < 0.05). Renal vascular resistance significantly decreased with the pentoxifylline (91.0 +/- 5.8 vs. 178.0 +/- 7.6 mmHg.ml(-1).min(-1), P < 0.01). Thus pentoxifylline, an FDA-approved drug, protects against endotoxemia-related ARF and involves a decrease in serum TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and NO as well as a decrease in renal iNOS and ICAM-1.
The use of added error to avoid disclosure in microdata releases (1989)

By law, government agencies like the Census Bureau and the National Center for Health Statistics must disseminate collected data in such a way that a respondent cannot be identified. Deleting identifiers (e.g., name, address) from each data record is a standard technique practiced by releasing agencies to preserve the confidentiality of each respondent. Though this inhibits potential intruders from directly identifying a respondent, an additional confidentiality concern stems from the presence of non-confidential public use data files in which direct identifiers have not been removed. If statistical techniques can be used to link a public use data record to a released data record, an intruder may be able to identify a respondent's confidential attributes. One method of preventing disclosure when other files are available to the intruder, is disguising or each data vector in the file.
In this research, we concentrate on the data perturbation technique of masking each data vector by adding a random error vector. After describing the general procedure, we consider the approach an intruder might use in attempting to determine an individual's confidential attributes. It is shown that the conditional expected value of the attributes given the masked data and the public data is the best predictor of the unknown attributes.
We investigate the effect of the covariance structure of the error vectors on the success of the intruder. It is demonstrated that, if the variance of the added error is fixed at a fraction of the variance of the original variables, then the optimal correlation structure of the errors with respect to confidentiality protection is the correlation structure of the original variables.
We present a masking algorithm designed to preserve the moments and univariate distribution functions of masked variables, while providing disclosure protection. The degree of protection is a function of the variance of the added error. A computer program that implements the algorithm is outlined. The procedure is designed so that the covariance structure of the masked data is similar to that of the original data. Results of masking example data files with the computer program are summarized.
Rat liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Identification of cDNAs encoding two enzymes which glucuronidate testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and beta-estradiol. (1987)

The 1818-base pairs cDNA encoding a form of rat liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase designated UDP-GTr-3 was sequenced and found to encode a protein of 530 amino acids (Mr = 60,522). Characteristic sequences include a signal peptide and a carboxyl-terminal transmembrane anchoring region. There were no potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites. Transcription and translation of the cDNA in vitro showed that the encoded protein was synthesized as a precursor and was cleaved when dog pancreatic microsomes were present during translation. Cleaved UDPGTr-3 was intrinsically associated with the added membranes, whereas uncleaved polypeptide remained in the supernatant upon fractionation of the translation mixture. UDPGTr-3 and a related phenobarbital-inducible form of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (designated UDPGTr-2) were both expressed in COS cells and their capacities to glucuronidate 13 commonly used substrates were analyzed. Whereas both enzymes glucuronidated the endogenous steroids testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and beta-estradiol, only UDPGTr-2 was active towards the foreign chemical substrates, chloramphenicol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl, and 4-methylumbelliferone. Neither enzyme was active towards estrone, androsterone and substrates typical of 3-methylcholanthrene-inducible forms of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Steady-state levels of UDPGTr-3 and UDPGTr-2 mRNAs were highest in the liver and were barely detectable in kidney, lung, testis, and small intestinal mucosa. These data show that at least two forms of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase found predominantly in the liver have evolved to glucuronidate the same endogenous steroid substrates and that the phenobarbital-inducible form also has some activity towards foreign compounds.
Sub-0.25-micron interconnection scaling: damascene copper versus subtractive aluminum (2002)

Historically, the semiconductor industry has made chip speed the focus of its high performance CMOS logic development strategy. For the wires and insulators used in the back-end-of-the-line (BEOL), this has driven the industry to use damascene tungsten chemical-mechanical polish (CMP) local interconnects and vias; SiO/sub 2/-based intermetal dielectric CMP planarization; high-aspect ratio aluminum wiring; high density plasma, ozone/TEOS, or advanced spin-on glass SiO/sub 2/ intermetal dielectrics; high density plasma reactive ion etching; and excimer-laser DUV lithography. In order to achieve 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS performance objectives, the aluminum wire and tungsten via aspect ratios have increased by about a factor of two as compared to 0.50 /spl mu/m CMOS. This aggressive reverse scaling of BEOL dimensions increases the defect and yield issues associated with the industry standard subtractive-aluminum etch process. We believe that, if subtractive-aluminum wiring is used, the additional scaling required to meet the performance targets of sub-0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS logic will result in significantly lower yields and increased manufacturing costs. Rather than attempt to drive subtractive-aluminum wiring beyond its reasonable limits, IBM has chosen to employ an additive-copper dual-damascene wiring process for its high performance sub-0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS logic technologies. In this paper, we discuss defect density, resistance variability, and capacitance variability for 0.25 /spl mu/m and 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS generation subtractive-aluminum and damascene copper wiring.
Performance Analysis of Collective Detection of Weak GPS Signals (2010)

This paper describes the unique collective detection algorithm used in weak signal environments as well as statistics of its performance in both simulated and live scenarios. Collective detection combines correlations from multiple satellites prior to detection in a direct-tonavigation solution algorithm without performing separate acquisition and tracking functions. 
In relatively clear conditions, a final positioning accuracy of 15 m was obtained with 3 ms of data, beginning with an a priori uncertainty of ±10 km horizontal, 200 m vertical, and 1 ms in clock. In high blockage environments of a courtyard and balcony 45 m horizontal positioning accuracy was achieved with the same initial uncertainties and 3 to 5 ms of signal samples. These findings demonstrate the utility of collective detection and direct positioning in poor signal environments where conventional tracking and navigation solutions are not feasible. In addition it can provide a robust initialization for or validation of filtered solutions obtained using conventional GPS tracking measurements.
Optically micropatterned culture of adherent cells (2012)

We used a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator to project 473 nm light patterns surrounding a region of adherent cells and achieved an arbitrarily micropatterned cell culture. For a group of ∼60 cells, the cell boundaries fit the pattern of light within 15% deviation of the side length. We also demonstrated a wound-healing experiment with a definite starting temporal point by using this technique. While observing mitochondrial structures in the illuminated cells, we found that the 473 nm light damaged the integrity of mitochondria and thus prohibited cell proliferation in the illuminated region.
Letters (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTLettersH. Bradford Thompson Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1953, 30, 7, 374Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1953Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 July 1953Published inissue 1 July 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ed030p374.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (306 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Leucokinins, a new family of ion transport stimulators and inhibitors in insect Malpighian tubules (1989)

Leucokinins are octapeptides isolated from heads of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. In the cockroach they increase motility of the isolated hindgut. Surprisingly, synthetic leucokinins have biological activity in a different insect and in a different tissue. In isolated Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, leucokinins depolarize the transepithelial voltage. This effect on voltage is dependent on extracellular Cl. One leucokinin, LK-8, the effects of which were studied further in isolated Malpighian tubules, was found to inhibit transepithelial fluid secretion at low concentrations (10(-11) M threshold), and to stimulate fluid secretion at high concentrations (3.5 x 10(-9) M threshold). Together, the depolarizing effects on voltage and the stimulation of fluid secretion suggest that leucokinins increase the Cl permeability of the tubule wall thereby increasing the availability of Cl for secretion with Na, K and water. Structure-function comparisons of the seven leucokinins studied suggest that the active region of the octapeptide is segregated to the C-terminal pentapeptide. In view of the known effects of leucokinins on hindgut motility in the cockroach, our finding of effects in mosquito Malpighian tubules suggests that leucokinins may be widely distributed in insects where they may have diverse functions in a variety of organs.
An HTS Insert for Phase 2 of a 3-Phase 1-GHz LTS/HTS NMR Magnet (2005)

As a component of Phase-2 LTS/HTS NMR magnet of a 3-phase program to complete a 1-GHz LTS/HTS NMR magnet by 2009, an HTS insert magnet has been assembled from 48 double-pancake (DP) coils, each wound of high-strength Bi-2223/Ag/stainless steel composite tape. The paper describes the design and actual parameters; and preliminary performance results of the insert. The results include: 1) voltage vs. current data of double pancakes; and 2) splice resistances between adjacent double-pancake coils.
Differential effects on growth, homocysteine, and related compounds of two inhibitors of S-adenosylhomocysteine catabolism, 3-deazaadenosine, and 3-deazaaristeromycin, in C3H/10T1/2 cells. (1989)

The growth of nontransformed (Cl 8) and malignant (Cl 16) C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblasts was inhibited by 3-deazaadenosine (c3Ado) (LD50 = 195 microM for Cl 8 and 30 microM for Cl 16 cells) and 3-deazaaristeromycin (c3Ari) (LD50 about 36 microM for Cl 8 and 9 microM for Cl 16 cells). Both compounds inhibited in a dose-dependent manner S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) catabolism and homocysteine production, measured as homocysteine egress, and c3Ari was most potent in this respect. c3Ado gave rise to its congener, 3-deazaadenosylhomocysteine (c3AdoHcy). Addition of homocysteine thiolactone (Hcy-tl) to the medium enhanced AdoHcy (and c3AdoHcy) accumulation but did not affect the cell growth at concentrations of inhibitor less than 10 microM. At high concentrations (30-300 microM) both compounds were cytotoxic and decreased cell count when added during midexponential growth. When Hcy-tl was supplemented under these conditions it partly rescued the malignant cells exposed to c3Ari, did not affect the cytotoxicity of this agent towards the nontransformed cells, but greatly potentiated the cytotoxicity of c3Ado against both cell types. Differential metabolic effects were also observed in that high concentrations of c3Ado, but not c3Ari, induced build-up of c3AdoHcy and modulated cellular glutathione level. Growing cells contained the highest amount of glutathione, and in such cells c3Ado induced a significant increase in glutathione whereas the cytotoxic combination of c3Ado plus Hcy-tl decreased the amount of the reduced form. Quiescent confluent cells, which were less sensitive to the toxic effect of c3Ado, contained low glutathione, and under these conditions neither c3Ado alone nor in combination with Hcy-tl affected cellular glutathione. Remarkably, Hcy-tl alone induced an increase in glutathione in nondividing cells. These data suggest that homocysteine or some agents affecting homocysteine metabolism may modulate glutathione metabolism, but differently in dividing and nondividing cells.
Input offset cancellation trimming technique for operational amplifiers (2013)

This paper presents a novel input offset cancellation technique dedicated for analog building blocks. This technique provides an injected current to the analog input signal that is a function of the offset. The proposed technique provides a suitable method to the post-package offset cancellation. Unlike, other convention techniques, the proposed technique avoids the potentially stability issue, consumes a low silicon area, low power consumption, and temperature independent. The input offset cancellation circuit is attached to the input stage of the differential input single output (DISO) amplifier to revoke undesired DC, offset voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">os, out</sub> ), based on trimming current (ITrim). DISO amplifier with input offset cancellation circuit is simulated and comprehend a DC gain of 78 dB, a unity-gain frequency (GBW) of 58 MHz associated with a phase margin of 670. Moreover, the total consumption power is 0.72 mW. The statistical analysis with practical different coefficients provided from foundry demonstrates offset voltage less than 200 μν. The circuit is simulated in IBM 0.13μm CMOS technology with a single power supply 1.5-V.
Multi-CNN and decision tree based driving behavior evaluation (2017)

Driving behavior is directly related to the lives and property safety of the drivers and others, good driving behavior can not only reduce the accident rate, but also reduce the driving risk. In this paper, an effective driving behavior evaluation method is proposed. Features integration is very important, we propose the multi-CNN architecture, it has a higher prediction accuracy. Convolutional neural network is time-consuming and computation intensive, a dynamic fixed point compression method is applied in our system, smaller model size and faster speed can be achieved while the accuracy is high. The lanes, cars and pedestrians on the road are detected, meanwhile, the distance between the host car and the nearest car in front of it is calculated. These data are predicted by a trained Gradient Boosting Decision Tree model, the prediction result is a driving score that can reflect the driver's driving behavior is good or bad. The root mean square error of our model is 1.9, which has a high accuracy and is useful in practice.
Doxorubicin resistant cancer cells activate myeloid-derived suppressor cells by releasing PGE2 (2016)

Chemotherapies often induce drug-resistance in cancer cells and simultaneously stimulate proliferation and activation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) to inhibit anti-tumor T cells, thus result in poor prognosis of patients with breast cancers. To date, the mechanism underlying the expansion of MDSCs in response to chemotherapies is poorly understood. In the present study, we used in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal studies to demonstrate that doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells secret significantly more prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) than their parental doxorubicin-sensitive cells. The secreted PGE2 can stimulate expansion and polymerization of MDSCs by directly target to its receptors, EP2/EP4, on the surface of MDSCs, which consequently triggers production of miR-10a through activating PKA signaling. More importantly, activated MDSCs can inhibit CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells as evidenced by reduced proliferation and IFN-γ release. In order to determine the molecular pathway that involves miR-10a mediated activation of MDSCs, biochemical and pharmacological studies were carried out. We found that miR-10a can activate AMPK signaling to promote expansion and activation of MDSCs. Thus, these results reveal, for the first time, a novel role of PGE2/miR-10a/AMPK signaling axis in chemotherapy-induced immune resistance, which might be targeted for treatment of chemotherapy resistant tumors.
∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, a major marijuana component, enhances the anesthetic effect of pentobarbital through the CB1 receptor (2018)

These results suggest that binding of ∆<sup>9</sup>-THC to the CB<sub>1</sub> receptor is involved in the synergism with pentobarbital, and that potentiating effect of CBD with pentobarbital may differ from that of ∆<sup>9</sup>-THC. We successfully demonstrated that ∆<sup>9</sup>-THC enhanced the anesthetic effect of pentobarbital through the CB<sub>1</sub> receptor.
GREO (1993)

article Free Access Share on GREO: a commercial database processor based on a pipelined hardware sorter Authors: Shinya Fushimi Information Systems Laboratory, Mitsubishi Electric Co., 5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura, Japan Information Systems Laboratory, Mitsubishi Electric Co., 5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura, JapanView Profile , Masaru Kitsuregawa Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-22-1 Roppongi, Tokyo, Japan Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-22-1 Roppongi, Tokyo, JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMOD RecordVolume 22Issue 2June 1, 1993 pp 449–452https://doi.org/10.1145/170036.170130Online:01 June 1993Publication History 9citation255DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations9Total Downloads255Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Manufacturing of Porous Aluminum Component by Using Die (2011)

Porous aluminum is a multifunctional material with very lightweight and high energy absorptivity. In this study, the applicability of friction stir processing (FSP) route precursor method to the manufacture of near-net-shape porous aluminum component was discussed. Precursors fabricated by FSP route were foamed in a rectangular shape die, and it was shown that rectangular near-net-shape porous aluminum with a porosity of approximately 70% can be successfully manufactured under suitable foaming condition. The pore structure of near-net-shape porous aluminum was similar to those in commercially available porous aluminum.
Mechanistic aspects of transition metal-catalyzed hydrogen transfer reactions (2006)

In this tutorial review recent mechanistic studies on transition metal-catalyzed hydrogen transfer reactions are discussed. A common feature of these reactions is that they involve metal hydrides, which may be monohydrides or dihydrides. An important question is whether the substrate coordinates to the metal (inner-sphere hydrogen transfer) or if there is a direct concerted transfer of hydrogen from the metal to substrate (outer-sphere hydrogen transfer). Both experimental and theoretical studies are reviewed.
Enzymes Involved in Off-Aroma Formation in Broccoli (1989)

The enzyme(s) responsible for aroma deterioration of broccoli was determined by adding back peroxidase, lipase and cystine lyase purified from broccoli to homogenized blanched broccoli samples at the activity levels present in unblanched broccoli. Following incubation for 3 h at 30°C, the samples were cooked at 93°C for 20 min and presented to a panel of judges trained in descriptive analyses. The aroma intensities were compared with those of blanched and unblanched homogenates of broccoli treated in the same way and with standard aroma descriptors. Lyase added alone reproduced the descriptors 'overall', 'sour' and 'sulfhydryl compound' of the unblanched samples. Addition of lipase and lyase together reproduced, in addition, the "ammonia" descriptor of the unblanched samples. None of the enzymes isolated reproduced the 'unripe banana' aroma of the unblanched broccoli.
Ingested Maple Syrup Evokes a Possible Liver-Protecting Effect—Physiologic and Genomic Investigations with Rats (2011)

Rats fed a 20%-maple syrup diet (maple syrup group) for 11 d showed significantly lower values of the hepatic function markers than those fed a 20%-sugar mix syrup diet (control). The reason was suggested by a DNA microarray analysis which revealed that the expression of genes for the enzymes of ammonia formation were down-regulated in the liver of the maple syrup group.