gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-speed optical modulation and transmission technologies for highly spectrally efficient WDM systems (2003)

Summary form only given. Demands for ultra-high-capacity lightwave transmission systems and networks are growing rapidly. To achieve ultra-high-capacity systems, high spectral efficiencies are indispensable because of limitation of transmission bandwidth. To utilize transmission bandwidth efficiently, high-speed channels must be densely multiplexed in wavelength region. Several dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) transmission experiments using high-speed channels have been reported. Spectral efficiencies of these experiments are shown. All these experiments achieved spectral efficiency over 0.1 bit/s/Hz on high-speed channels operating at more than 10 Gbit/s.
Assessment of Cell-Free DNA with Microvascular Complication of Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Using PCR and Elisa (2010)

In order to assess the potential biochemical markers in the development, diagnosis, and prognosis of diabetic patient with microvascular complication represented with retinopathy, we analyzed the levels of cell-free DNA by two different techniques. The levels of cell-free GAPDH assayed by quantitative PCR were significantly higher in the plasma samples of diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy than in those of the control group; thus, it is a better biomarker than nucleosomes assayed by ELISA in patients with type 2 diabetes for the early detection of development of microvascular complications as retinopathy.
Network Slicing Landscape: A holistic architectural approach, orchestration and management with applicability in mobile and fixed networks and clouds (2018)

Tutorial at IEEE NetSoft2018 - 29th June 2018 Montreal Abstract: A holistic architectural approach, orchestration and management with applicability in mobile and fixed networks and clouds Topics: Key Slicing concepts and history Slicing Key Characteristics & Usage scenarios & Value Chain Multi-Domain Network Function Virtualisation Review of Research projects and results in network and cloud slicing Open Source Orchestrators Standard Organization activities: NGMN, ITU-T, ONF, 3GPP, ETSI, BBF, IETF Industrial perspective on Network Slicing Review of industry Use Cases Network Slicing Challenges Concluding remarks of Network Slicing Acknowledgements & References
A novel telerobotic system to remotely navigate standard electrophysiology catheters (2008)

Remote manipulation of electrophysiology (EP) catheters by means of magnetically-guided or robotically controlled navigation systems has been recently proposed; however, these systems usually require dedicated catheters and devices. This study aims at evaluating the feasibility of using a novel Telerobotic System (TS) to remotely manipulate standard steerable EP catheters. In order to prevent cardiac tissue damage the TS was equipped with a force sensor to measure the resistance encountered by the catheter while advancing. The use of this novel TS was evaluated in three sheep, by performing remote navigation of a standard EP catheter to selected catheter-endocardium contact targeted sites in the right atrium. Remote catheter navigation by means of the TS was achieved for all targets and the force sensor showed to provide reliable information about catheter advancing and indication about catheter-endocardium contact.
ROS in cancer therapy: the bright side of the moon (2020)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) constitute a group of highly reactive molecules that have evolved as regulators of important signaling pathways. It is now well accepted that moderate levels of ROS are required for several cellular functions, including gene expression. The production of ROS is elevated in tumor cells as a consequence of increased metabolic rate, gene mutation and relative hypoxia, and excess ROS are quenched by increased antioxidant enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways in the same cells. Moderate increases of ROS contribute to several pathologic conditions, among which are tumor promotion and progression, as they are involved in different signaling pathways and induce DNA mutation. However, ROS are also able to trigger programmed cell death (PCD). Our review will emphasize the molecular mechanisms useful for the development of therapeutic strategies that are based on modulating ROS levels to treat cancer. Specifically, we will report on the growing data that highlight the role of ROS generated by different metabolic pathways as Trojan horses to eliminate cancer cells.
Confined Optical Vibrations in CdTe Quantum Dots and Clusters (2002)

Absorption of far-infrared (FIR) radiation and Raman scattering in CdTe nano-crystals (spherical quantum dots (QDs) of several nanometers in size) and Cd54Te32(SCH2CH2OH)8–32 clusters prepared by colloidal synthesis were studied. Raman spectra of both QDs and clusters are dominated by a peak situated slightly below the bulk CdTe LO phonon frequency. Experimental FIR transmittance spectra of films containing CdTe clusters show a broad band between the bulk TO and LO phonon frequencies, while there is only a single dip at the Fröhlich frequency observed for larger QDs. These observations are in agreement with the results of our numerical lattice dynamics calculations and previously published theoretical results based on a continuous model. It is suggested that the lattice dynamics of very small clusters is similar to that of large crystallites in the sense that there still exists the dispersion of optical vibration frequencies within the LO–TO band of bulk material.
Muscle Tissue Oxygen Pressure in Primary Fibromyalgia (1986)

Trigger points in painful muscle are a characteristic sign in patients with primary fibromyalgia. The MDO oxygen electrode was used to evaluate oxygenation in the subcutaneous tissue and in trigger points in the trapezius and brachioradial muscles. Ten patients and 8 normal controls were studied. The results in the patients were abnormal, with scattered or slalom-slope histograms, indicating low tissue oxygenation. The controls were normal, except in one case. The conclusion is that in patients with primary fibromyalgia, the muscle oxygenation is abnormal or low, at least in the trigger point area of the muscles.
The fibrin-derived peptide Bβ15–42 is cardioprotective in a pig model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury* (2007)

Bbeta15-42 elicits cardioprotection in pigs and is clinically safe in phase I testing of humans. This study confirms the new concept of a pathogenic role of fibrin derivatives in myocardial reperfusion injury, which can be inhibited by peptide Bbeta15-42.
Antibody 17b Binding at the Coreceptor Site Weakens the Kinetics of the Interaction of Envelope Glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 (2001)

HIV-1 utilizes CD4 and the chemokine coreceptor for viral entry. The coreceptor CCR5 binding site on gp120 partially overlaps with the binding epitope of 17b, a neutralizing antibody of HIV-1. We designed a multicomponent biosensor assay to investigate the kinetic mechanism of interaction between gp120 and its receptors and the cooperative effect of the CCR5 binding site on the CD4 binding site, using 17b as a surrogate of CCR5. The Env gp120 proteins from four viral strains (JRFL, YU2, 89.6, and HXB2) and their corresponding C1-, V1/V2-, C5-deleted mutants (DeltaJRFL, DeltaYU2, Delta89.6, and DeltaHXB2) were tested in this study. We found that, across the primary and lab-adapted virus strains, 17b reduced the affinity of all four full-length Env gp120s for sCD4 by decreasing the on-rate and increasing the off-rate. This effect of 17b on full-length gp120 binding to sCD4 contrasts with the enhancing effect of sCD4 on gp120-17b interaction. For the corresponding loop-deleted mutants of Env gp120, the off-rates of the gp120-sCD4 interaction were greatly reduced in the presence of 17b, resulting in higher affinities (except for that of DeltaHXB2). The results suggest that, when 17b is prebound to full-length gp120, the V1/V2 loops may be relocated to a position that partially blocks the CD4-binding site, leading to weakening of the CD4 interaction. Given the fact that the 17b binding epitope partially overlaps with the binding site of CCR5, the kinetic results suggest that coreceptor CCR5 binding could have a similar "release" effect on the gp120-CD4 interaction by increasing the off-rate of the latter. The results also suggest that the neutralizing effect of 17b may arise not only from partially blocking the CCR5 binding site but also from reducing the CD4 binding affinity of gp120. This negative cooperative effect of 17b may provide insight into approaches to designing antagonists for viral entry.
Evolution of Time Coding Systems (1999)

The auditory and electrosensory systems contain circuits that are specialized for the encoding and processing of microsecond time differences. Analysis of these circuits in two specialists, weakly electric fish and barn owls, has uncovered common design principles and illuminated some aspects of their evolution.
Detection of phishing webpages based on visual similarity (2005)

An approach to detection of phishing webpages based on visual similarity is proposed, which can be utilized as a part of an enterprise solution for anti-phishing. A legitimate webpage owner can use this approach to search the Web for suspicious webpages which are visually similar to the true webpage. A webpage is reported as a phishing suspect if the visual similarity is higher than its corresponding preset threshold. Preliminary experiments show that the approach can successfully detect those phishing webpages for online use.
Location Identification, Extraction and Disambiguation using Machine Learning in Legal Contracts (2018)

Identifying the context of location (disambiguation) in legal contracts plays an import role in multiple use cases for lawyers (e.g. due diligence and M&A). Identifying the locations of the parties involved in the contract or agreement and also identifying the Governing law and Jurisdiction from the contract is an interesting problem in the legal space. AI has changed and changing many industries for a number of years (e.g. finance, e-comm, medical, education etc.) but it is relatively new to the legal domain. In this paper, we present a novel approach through which, a system can automatically determine the location of the parties involved and the law under which the contract is governed, as well as the jurisdiction under which contract belongs. The key concept of our approach is to look this problem as a classification task, followed by the extraction and then disambiguation of entities. In this view, we have examined each location context and determined whether it is a Party Location or Governing Law & Jurisdiction. A similar approach can be extended for identifying other key pieces of information from the legal contracts (e.g. change of control clauses, consideration amount, contract dates etc.). We have achieved relatively good accuracy on the limited training and test set described in section 4.
Demonstration of a Direct Interaction between Residue 22 in the Carboxyl-terminal Half of Secretin and the Amino-terminal Tail of the Secretin Receptor Using Photoaffinity Labeling (1999)

An understanding of the molecular basis of hormonal activation of receptors provides important insights for drug design. Toward this end, intrinsic photoaffinity labeling is a powerful tool to directly identify the ligand-binding domain. We have developed a new radioiodinatable agonist ligand of the secretin receptor that incorporates a photolabile p-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine (Bpa) into the position of Leu22 and have utilized this to identify the adjacent receptor domain. The rat [Tyr10,Bpa22]secretin-27 probe was a fully efficacious agonist, with a potency to stimulate cAMP accumulation by Chinese hamster ovary SecR cells similar to that of natural secretin (EC50 = 68 +/- 22 pM analogue and 95 +/- 25 pM secretin). It bound specifically and with high affinity (Ki = 5.0 +/- 1.1 nM) and covalently labeled the Mr = 57,000-62,000 secretin receptor. Cyanogen bromide cleavage of the receptor yielded a major labeled fragment of apparent Mr = 19,000 that shifted to Mr = 9,000 after deglycosylation. This was most consistent with either of two glycosylated domains within the amino-terminal tail of the receptor. Immunoprecipitation with antibody directed to epitope tags incorporated into each of the candidate domains established that the fragment at the amino terminus of the receptor was the site of labeling. This was further localized to the amino-terminal 30 residues of the receptor by additional proteolysis of this fragment with endoproteinase Lys-C. This provides the first direct demonstration of a contact between a secretin-like agonist and its receptor and will contribute a useful constraint to the modeling of this interaction.
The estimated cost of a search tree on binary words (2001)

The problem of constructing a binary search tree for a set of binary words has wide applications in computer science, biology, mineralogy, etc. Shannon considered a similar statement in his optimal coding theorem. It is NP-complete to construct a tree of minimum cost; therefore, the problem arises of finding simple algorithms for constructing nearly optimal trees. We show that there is a simple algorithm for constructing search trees sufficiently close to the optimal tree on average. By means of this algorithm we prove that for the optimal tree the average number of bits to be checked is near to its natural lower bound, i.e., the binary logarithm of the number of given words: their difference is less than 1.04.
Differential expression of alternatively spliced transcripts related to energy metabolism in colorectal cancer (2016)

We identified tumor-specific expression of alternative spliced transcripts of seven genes involved in energy metabolism in CRC. Our results bring new knowledge on alternative splicing in colorectal cancer and suggest a set of mRNA isoforms that could be used for cancer diagnosis and development of treatment methods.
Optimal selection of model order for a class of nonlinear systems using the bootstrap (2002)

Nonlinear system identification involves selecting the order of the given model based on the input-output data. A bootstrap model selection procedure which selects the model by minimising bootstrap estimates of the prediction error is developed. Bootstrap based model selection procedures are attractive because the bootstrap observations generated for the model selection can also be used in subsequent inference procedures. The proposed method is simple and computationally efficient.
Preparation and characterization of some star‐and comb‐type branched polystyrenes (1965)

Abstract Star‐type polystyrenes, polymers with p branches attached to a common multifunctional center, and comb‐type polystyrenes, polymers with an average of p branches attached at random to a polymeric backbone, have been prepared by the reactions, respectively, of polystyryllithium of narrow chain length distribution with appropriate p ‐functional molecules or with backbone polystyrene chains of narrow chain length distribution, containing the prerequisite number of benzylic‐type chloromethyl groups. The synthesis, isolation, and characterization of these types of polymers are illustrated by specific examples. Problems which are inherent to the system, e.g., metal–halogen interchange reactions, different reactivities of the chloromethyl groups, isomerization of the polystyryllithium, and other possible reactions and their consequences are discussed.
Molecular Markers in Plant Genetics and Biotechnology (2003)

INTRODUCTION PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF MOLECULAR MARKERS: D. de Vienne, S. Santoni et al. and M. Falaque: Criteria of Classification Codominant Markers Detected Individually Patterns of Multiple Dominant Markers: Genetic Fingerprinting Polymorphism of Number of Tandem Repeats Gene Markers: cDNA and Proteins What Markers are Suitable for What Purpose? CONSTRUCTION OF GENETIC LINKAGE MAPS: D. de Vienne: The Concept of Genetic Distance Comparing the Most Commonly used Populations F2 Populations Recombinant Inbred Lines Populations Derived from Non-fixed Parents Comparing the Various Types of Populations Fundamentals of Genetics Maps MAPPING OF MAJOR GENES: D. de Vienne: Approaches to Mapping of Major Genes Use of Markers for Cloning Major Genes MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZING QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI: D. de Vienne and M. Causse: Principle of QTL Mapping Genetic and Molecular Bases of Quantitative Trait Variation MOLECULAR MARKERS IN POPULATION GENETICS: A. Kremer and S. Mariette: Specific Contributions of Molecular Markers in Comparison to Enzyme Markers Analysis of Molecular Diversity Polymorphism within a Population Differentiation between Populations Gene Flow APPLICATION OF MARKERS IN SELECTION: A. Charcosset and A. Gallais: Contribution of Diversity Studies to Selection Marker-assisted Selection Marker-assisted Recurrent Selection APPENDICES
Efficient standard basis Reed-Solomon encoder (2002)

This paper presents an efficient Reed-Solomon encoder based on standard basis. The key operation in Reed-Solomon encoding is the multiplication of a feedback term with several (possibly) known terms. We present an efficient structure to implement this operation. The hardware complexity of this encoder is identical to the well-known Berlekamp encoder. It however, offers two advantages over the Berlekamp encoder-a critical path independent of the order of Reed-Solomon code being implemented and the ability to encode without any need for basis conversion.
Effects of Crosslinking Methods on Structure and Properties of Cellulose/PVA Hydrogels (2008)

Abstract A series of hydrogels were prepared from cellulose and PVA in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using both physical and chemical crosslinking methods. The hydrogels were secure and biodegradable materials. Their structure and properties were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, DSC, XRD and SEM. The results indicated that all of the cellulose/PVA hydrogels exhibited homogeneous porous structures and a certain miscibility. The swelling degree and water uptake of the chemical hydrogels were markedly higher than those of the physical hydrogel. This work demonstrates two novel methods to prepare cellulose/PVA hydrogels with different functional properties via a green process. magnified image
ERBB2 Overexpression Establishes ERBB3-Dependent Hypersensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to Withaferin A (2016)

The catalytically deficient ERBB3 strongly synergizes with the receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2, and elevated levels represent an overall risk factor for unfavorable disease outcomes in breast cancer. Although itself not a target of pan-ERBB kinase inhibitors, it contributes to resistance in ERBB2-targeted treatment regiments. The steroidal lactone Withaferin A (WA) has established broad anticancer properties through several modes of action and was shown to be effective against triple-negative breast cancers at elevated concentrations. We found that ERBB2 overexpression does render cells hypersensitive to WA. Although ERBB2 downregulation is one aspect of WA treatment at high concentrations, it is not causal for the elevated sensitivity at lower dosages. Instead, WA targets the ability of ERBB3 to amplify ERBB2 signaling. ERBB3 receptor levels, constitutive phosphorylation of both ERBB3 and ERBB2, as well as signaling through AKT are eliminated by WA treatment. By targeting ERBB2/ERBB3 as a functional unit, it is also effective in cases in which ERBB2-directed inhibitors, such as lapatinib, alone show reduced potency. Hence, WA or derivatives thereof may present a low toxicity addition to ERBB2-targeting therapeutics, especially in cases in which ERBB3 involvement is driving resistance or reduced overall sensitivity. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2750-7. ©2016 AACR.
INTEGRATED MICROREACTOR FOR CONTINUOUS COLLOID SYNTHESIS AND SURFACE-COATING (2006)

We report an integrated microreactor for continuous flow silica synthesis and subsequent titania overcoating. The microreactor consists of two stacked reactor layers fabricated in PDMS, the first layer consisting of microchannels for silica synthesis and the second layer consisting of microchannels for titania overcoating.
Metal-Mediated Affinity and Orientation Specificity in a Computationally Designed Protein Homodimer (2011)

Computationally designing protein-protein interactions with high affinity and desired orientation is a challenging task. Incorporating metal-binding sites at the target interface may be one approach for increasing affinity and specifying the binding mode, thereby improving robustness of designed interactions for use as tools in basic research as well as in applications from biotechnology to medicine. Here we describe a Rosetta-based approach for the rational design of a protein monomer to form a zinc-mediated, symmetric homodimer. Our metal interface design, named MID1 (NESG target ID OR37), forms a tight dimer in the presence of zinc (MID1-zinc) with a dissociation constant <30 nM. Without zinc the dissociation constant is 4 μM. The crystal structure of MID1-zinc shows good overall agreement with the computational model, but only three out of four designed histidines coordinate zinc. However, a histidine-to-glutamate point mutation resulted in four-coordination of zinc, and the resulting metal binding site and dimer orientation closely matches the computational model (Cα rmsd = 1.4 Å).
Synthesis of Benzocyclobutenes by Palladium-Catalyzed C−H Activation of Methyl Groups: Method and Mechanistic Study (2008)

An efficient catalytic system has been developed for the synthesis of benzocyclobutenes by C-H activation of methyl groups. The optimal conditions employed a combination of Pd(OAc) 2 and P ( t )Bu 3 as catalyst, K 2CO 3 as the base, and DMF as solvent. A variety of substituted BCB were obtained under these conditions with yields in the 44-92% range, including molecules that are hardly accessible by other methods. The reaction was found limited to substrates bearing a quaternary benzylic carbon, but benzocyclobutenes bearing a tertiary benzylic carbon could be obtained indirectly from diesters by decarboxylation. Reaction substrates bearing a small substituent para to bromine gave an unexpected regioisomer that likely arose from a 1,4-palladium migration process. The formation of this "abnormal" regioisomer could be suppressed by introducing a larger subsituent para to bromine. DFT(B3PW91) calculations on the reaction of 2-bromo-tert-butylbenzene with Pd(P ( t )Bu 3) with different bases (acetate, bicarbonate, carbonate) showed the critical influence of the coordination mode of the base to induce both an easy C-H activation and to allow for a pathway for 1,4-palladium migration. Carbonate is shown to be more efficient than the two other bases because it can abstract the proton easily and at the same time maintain kappa (1)-coordination without extensive electronic reorganization.
Graph-Based Transforms Based on Prediction Inaccuracy Modeling for Pathology Image Coding (2018)

Digital pathology images are multi giga-pixel color images that usually require large amounts of bandwidth to be transmitted and stored. Lossy compression using intra-prediction offers an attractive solution to reduce the storage and transmission requirements of these images. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the Graph-based Transform within the context of block-based predictive transform coding. To this end, we introduce a novel framework that eliminates the need to signal graph information to the decoder to recover the coefficients. This is accomplished by computing the GBT based on predicted residual blocks, which are predicted by a modeling approach that employs only the reference samples and information about the prediction mode. Evaluation results, in terms of the energy preserved when a small percentage of the largest coefficients are used for reconstruction of several pathology images, show that the GBT can outperform the DST and DCT.
Hybrid Poly(DNTD)/CdSe@ZnS Composite Films (2012)

Abstract not Available.