gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular basis of immunological cross-reactivity between Treponema pallidum and Treponema pertenue (1983)

Protein antigens of Treponema pallidum, Nichols strain, and Treponema pertenue, Gauthier strain, were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting techniques. Treponemal proteins were solubilized in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, electrophoresed on 12.5% polyacrylamide gels, and either stained with Coomassie brilliant blue or electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose paper. These antigen blots were incubated with sera from rabbits infected with either T. pallidum or T. pertenue and 125I-labeled staphylococcal protein A and exposed to X-ray film for visualization of antigenic molecules. Protein profiles of each organism separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue showed no distinguishable differences. Antigenic profiles as determined by Western blots were similar with two exceptions. A 39,500-dalton band was present on T. pertenue but absent from T. pallidum, and a 19,000-dalton band was present on T. pallidum but absent from T. pertenue (although two additional antigenic bands at 21,000 and 18,000 daltons were seen on T. pertenue). Because these differences were detected by using antisera raised against either T. pallidum or T. pertenue, these molecules must contain some antigenic determinants in common despite their differences in molecular weight.
Synthesis of biaryl-linked cyclic peptoids (2017)

Peptoids, a class of peptidomimetic, have gained considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents due to properties such as biocompatibility and resistance to enzymatic degradation. In linear peptoids, conformational heterogeneity can arise due to cis/trans isomerization around the backbone tertiary amide bond which has led to an increasing interest in cyclic peptoids. Biaryl linkages appear as a common structural motif in many synthetic and naturally occurring cyclic peptides but they are yet to be utilized in the formation of cyclic peptoids. Herein, we describe the application of a solid-phase Suzuki cross-coupling strategy as a means to prepare of a series of biaryl-linked cyclic peptoids. The methodology presented allows access to a range of novel biaryl containing cyclic peptoids with varying ring sizes.
Selective versus multi-transmitter antidepressants: are two mechanisms better than one? (2004)

The issue of selectivity versus efficacy has now reappeared as newer agents have emerged that are less selective than the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) but more selective than the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). This article provides a critical examination of the clinical literature concerning what evidence there is for differential efficacy. Two broad areas will be discussed: (1) comparisons of SSRIs to TCAs and (2) comparisons of the SSRIs to a somewhat more selective compound (by comparison to the TCAs), venlafaxine. This review should caution one in accepting claims of superiority of any agent based on purported mechanism of action.
RplTrc: A Tool for Emulating Real Network Dynamics for Performance Evaluation (2007)

Evaluating the performance of distributed applications, such as mobile telephone or video conferencing devices, has become increasingly complex as the diversity of scenarios and data rates in networks increase. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of RplTrc, a network emulation tool. RplTrc uses traces to drive interceptions of the Linux protocol stack to delay, drop or duplicate packets. The length of traces is not limited. Thus, unlike other well-known emulators such as NIST Net or the emulator module in the Linux 2.6 kernel, RplTrc is capable to account for important performance characteristics inherent to real networks such as long-range dependence and self-similarity of cross-traffic. Tests show that RplTrc installed on a commodity PC is capable to emulate a 100MBit/s or a lightly-loaded 1GBit/s network and has a precision in reproducing packet delays in the order of 100 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> s. RplTrc thus enables extensive performance evaluation of distributed applications in lab environments.
Cochlear nonlinearity and second filter: Possible mechanism and implications (1976)

We indicate that the directional sensitivity of the hair cell together with a directional distribution of frequency over the hair cells comprise a possible physiological basis for the second filter. Tuning disparity of the first and second filter denotes the difference in tuning frequency; at a given position x the tuning frequency of the first filter is αCF, of the second CF, with α≳1. This accounts for the asymmetry in location of two-tone suppression areas. The compressive nonlinearity is described by a νth law device with ν&lt;1. We analyze implications of this model for two-tone suppression, sharpening, pure-tone masking, and combination tone generation. Basic features of these phenomena are described adequately. For combination tones the propagation problem needs further study. On the basis of a comparison of literature data and theoretical predictions we estimate α=1.2 and ν=0.6. Regarding accurate shape of the first and second filter, the discussed data provide means for a qualitative evaluation only. Possibilities for a quantitative analysis are indicated. Subject Classification: [43]65.20, [43]65.35, [43]65.42, [43]65.26.
<title>Virtual window telepresence system for telerobotic inspection</title> (1995)

Telerobotic inspection can be used in environments that are too hazardous, removed, or expensive for direct human inspection. Telerobotic inspection is a complex task requiring an operator to control and coordinate a robot and sensors, while monitoring and interpreting sensor data to detect flaws. A virtual window telepresence system has been developed to aid the operator in performing these inspections. While the operator is looking at a monitor displaying stereo video from cameras mounted on the robot, the system tracks operator head position and moves the robot to create the illusion that the operator is looking out a window. This interface allows the operator to naturally specify desired viewpoint and enables him to concentrate on the visual examination of the area that may contain a flaw.
Temperature‐Dependent Measurement Errors in Time Domain Reflectometry Determinations of Soil Water (1995)

Abstract With the recent development of improved time domain reflectometry (TDR) probe design, measurement systems, and calibration procedures, it is now possible to detect and quantify the effect of temperature on the soil apparent dielectric constant ( K a ). We investigated measurement errors in K a associated with soil temperature variations and compared measured changes in K a with those predicted by a dielectric mixing model. After confirming the accuracy and resolution of our measurement system with a series of measurements on distilled water, we measured changes in K a with temperature for a range of soil types, including sand, loam, and peat, at soil water contents (θ v ) ranging from 0.09 to 0.81 m 3 m −3 . The measured variation with temperature in the dielectric constant of distilled water (0.322°C −1 ) was very close to that reported in the literature (0.356°C −1 ). In soils, changes in K a with temperature were highest at high water contents. For soils near saturation, the overall changes observed in K a with temperature were lower than those predicted by the dielectric mixing model by 17% for sand, 24% for loam, and 39% for peat. These results suggest that the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of water in a soil matrix is lower than that of bulk water. Absolute water content errors increased linearly with the size of the water fraction, ranging from 8.75 × 10 −5 m 3 m −3 °C −1 at 0.05 m 3 m −3 soil water content to 1.40 × 10 −3 m 3 m −3 °C −1 at 0.80 m 3 m −3 soil water content. To obtain the highest measurement accuracy, particularly at higher θ v , we suggest that a temperature correction of 0.00175θ v °C −1 be employed.
NMR studies of the relationship between the changes of membrane lipids and the cisplatin-resistance of A549/DDP cells (2003)

Changes of membrane lipids in cisplatin-sensitive A549 and cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells during the apoptotic process induced by a clinical dose of cisplatin (30 &mgr;M) were detected by 1H and 31P-NMR spectroscopy and by membrane fluidity measurement. The apoptotic phenotypes of the two cell lines were monitored with flow cytometry. The assays of apoptosis showed that significant apoptotic characteristics of the A549 cells were induced when the cells were cultured for 24 hours after treatment with cisplatin, while no apoptotic characteristic could be detected for the resistant A549/DDP cells even after 48 hours. The results of 1H-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that the CH2/CH3 and Glu/Ct ratios of the membrane of A549 cells increased significantly, but those in A549/DDP cell membranes decreased. In addition, the Chol/CH3 and Eth/Ct ratios decreased for the former but increased for the latter cells under the same conditions. 31P-NMR spectroscopy indicated levels of phosphomonoesters (PME) and ATP decreased in A549 but increased in A549/DDP cells after being treated with cisplatin. These results were supported with the data obtained from 1H-NMR measurements. The results clearly indicated that components and properties of membrane phospholipids of the two cell lines were significantly different during the apoptotic process when they were treated with a clinical dose of cisplatin. Plasma membrane fluidity changes during cisplatin treatment as detected with the fluorescence probe TMA-DPH also indicate marked difference between the two cell lines. We provided evidence that there are significant differences in plasma membrane changes during treatment of cisplatin sensitive A549 and resistant A549/DDP cells.
Application of the TRMC processing chain to SAR/ISAR imaging (2009)

In this paper we present the application of a single algorithm (TRMC) for different radar imaging techniques (SAR/ISAR), since in both cases the aim of the processing is to compensate the unwanted effects of pure translational and rotational relative motion between radar and target.
Kinetics and Dynamics of Catalytic Cracking Selectivity in Fixed-Bed Reactors (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and Dynamics of Catalytic Cracking Selectivity in Fixed-Bed ReactorsVern W. Weekman Jr.Cite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1969, 8, 3, 385–391Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260031a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i260031a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Revised Operations Guide for a Chemical Technique to Determine Water and Cement Concrete of Fresh Concrete. (1977)

This operations guide provides information needed to set up and operate the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory/Kelly Vail (CERL/K-V) system for determining water and cement content of fresh concrete. The guide describes the system's capabilities (including its capability to estimate potential concrete strength), limitations, and accuracy, and details the required equipment, reagents, and procedures. A guide for analyzing test results and a description of a mobile miniaturized field unit are presented.
ActiVis: Visual Exploration of Industry-Scale Deep Neural Network Models (2017)

While deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art accuracies for many prediction tasks, understanding these models remains a challenge. Despite the recent interest in developing visual tools to help users interpret deep learning models, the complexity and wide variety of models deployed in industry, and the large-scale datasets that they used, pose unique design challenges that are inadequately addressed by existing work. Through participatory design sessions with over 15 researchers and engineers at Facebook, we have developed, deployed, and iteratively improved ACTIVIS, an interactive visualization system for interpreting large-scale deep learning models and results. By tightly integrating multiple coordinated views, such as a computation graph overview of the model architecture, and a neuron activation view for pattern discovery and comparison, users can explore complex deep neural network models at both the instance- and subset-level. ACTIVIS has been deployed on Facebook's machine learning platform. We present case studies with Facebook researchers and engineers, and usage scenarios of how ACTIVIS may work with different models.
Knowledge Gathering and Matching in Heterogeneous Databases t (1995)

In order to integrate a wide variety of databases or many diverse sources of information, we need the ability to learn the similarities directly from instances of the data, which may be embodied within a database model, a conceptual schema, application programs, or data contents. The process of determining semantically equivalent data items can not be pre-programmed since the information to be accessed is heterogeneous. Intelligent information integration involves extracting semantics, expressing them as metadata, and matching semantically equivalent data elements. Semint (SEMantic INTegrator) is a system prototype for semantic integration being developed at Northwestern University. It provides a graphical user interface and supports access to a variety of database systems and utilizes both schema information and data contents to determine attribute equivalence. In Semint, the knowledge of how to match equivalent data elements is discovered, not pre-programmed.
Interaction of nuclear proteins with an AP-1/CRE-like promoter sequence in the human TNF-<i>α</i> gene (1994)

The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) promoter contains an AP-1/CRE-like binding site, TGAGCTCA. AP-1 elements generally transduce signals involving protein kinase C; the CRE site mediates a cAMP response, involving protein kinase A. Thus, this element has the potential to receive signals through divergent signaling pathways. Nuclear protein binding studies using extracts from THP-1 monocytic cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which stimulates, or dexamethasone (Dex) or pentoxifylline (PTX), which inhibit TNF production, respectively, suggest that two low-mobility complexes could be involved in regulation through this promoter region. PTX and Dex increase binding of both these complexes compared with untreated cells; approximately 2 hours after LPS induction, the upper complex becomes undetectable. This upper complex is composed of ATF2 (activating transcription factor 2, a cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein) homodimers; the lower is a heterodimer of jun/ATF2. LPS induces c-jun and thus may enhance formation of jun/ATF2 complexes, which could be activating complexes. In this case, the simultaneous presence of both complexes, which would occur in the presence of Dex or PTX, could reduce the amount of TNF transcription through competitive binding. Through in vitro competitive binding studies comparing the binding affinities of the TNF promoter sequence and a consensus CRE, we further suggest how variation of endogenous binding sequences from consensus may be an important property for regulatory control of particular genes.
On the wear behavior of doubly oriented polymers: Part II. Polyethylene and polypropylene (1987)

Double oriented polyethylene and polypropylene specimens have been investigated for a wide range of draw ratios. Wear behavior was measured in three mutually perpendicular directions using specimens characterized mechanically and morphologically. Density, crystallinity and other correlations were established with draw ratio and wear behavior providing some novel results.
Multicamera tracking of articulated human motion using shape and motion cues (2009)

We present a completely automatic algorithm for initializing and tracking the articulated motion of humans using image sequences obtained from multiple cameras. A detailed articulated human body model composed of sixteen rigid segments that allows both translation and rotation at joints is used. Voxel data of the subject obtained from the images is segmented into the different articulated chains using Laplacian Eigenmaps. The segmented chains are registered in a subset of the frames using a single-frame registration technique and subsequently used to initialize the pose in the sequence. A temporal registration method is proposed to identify the partially segmented or unregistered articulated chains in the remaining frames in the sequence. The proposed tracker uses motion cues such as pixel displacement as well as 2-D and 3-D shape cues such as silhouettes, motion residue, and skeleton curves. The tracking algorithm consists of a predictor that uses motion cues and a corrector that uses shape cues. The use of complementary cues in the tracking alleviates the twin problems of drift and convergence to local minima. The use of multiple cameras also allows us to deal with the problems due to self-occlusion and kinematic singularity. We present tracking results on sequences with different kinds of motion to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach. The pose of the subject is correctly tracked for the duration of the sequence as can be verified by inspection.
Influences of ac electric field on the spatial distribution of carbon nanotubes formed between electrodes (2006)

Influences of ac electric field on the spatial distribution of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) between two adjacent electrodes have been studied. The SWCNTs are found to be well aligned with the electric field direction and the number density of the SWCNTs attached to the electrodes is increased with the magnitude of the electric field. Induced ac dielectrophoresis force and torque on the SWCNTs are analyzed. It is suggested that the SWCNTs rotate to align with the external field direction almost instantaneously once the electric field is applied. In contrast, the translational motion along the field gradient takes a much longer time. Our results show that it is possible to separate metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs by frequency tuning. Taking the influences of frequency and viscosity into consideration, we simulate the distributions of SWCNTs between different electrode structures. Both theoretical and experimental results show that perpendicular electrodes have better control over the SWCNT’s location and direction than parallel electrodes.
Clinical safety of platelets photochemically treated with amotosalen HCl and ultraviolet A light for pathogen inactivation: the SPRINT trial (2005)

The overall safety profile of PCT PLTs was comparable to untreated PLTs.
Nitrate tolerance impairs nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in vivo (1996)

The results suggest (1) that nitrate tolerance in vivo is associated with cross tolerance to NO-mediated vasodilation produced by both exogenous and endogenous nitrovasodilators and (2) that also responses to nitrovasodilator agents other than NTG are improved by the addition of NAC.
Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects. (1996)

We have studied the effect of fasting on serum leptin levels in normal volunteers. Five normal-weight (BMI < 28, 2 males/3 females) and five obese subjects (BMI > 28, 2 males/3 females) were fasted (0 Kcal) for 52 h. Mean plasma glucose decreased from 88 +/- 3 to 63 +/- 5 mg/dl, serum insulin from 16 +/- 1 to 10 +/- 1 microU/ml, plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 1.8 +/- 0.4 mumol/ml. Serum leptin levels were higher in the obese than in the normal-weight volunteers (31 +/- 12 vs 11 +/- 3 ng/ml, p < 0.01). In the obese, serum leptin decreased from 31 +/- 10 to 12 +/- 5 ng/ml aft552 h (-72%, p < 0.001); in the normal-weight it decreased from 11 +/- 3 to 4 +/- 0.5 ng/ml (-64%, p < 0.001). Serum leptin correlated positively with serum insulin (r = 0.51, p < 0.001) and with plasma glucose (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). To determine effects of fasting induced decreases in plasma glucose and insulin on serum leptin, four normal subjects (3 males/1 female) were fasted for 72 h while their plasma glucose was clamped at basal levels with a variable rate glucose infusion. In these volunteers, serum leptin and insulin concentrations remained unchanged. In summary, the rapid decrease in serum leptin levels during fasting indicated that leptin release was regulated by factors other than changes in body fat mass. The lack of leptin changes during fasting, when basal insulin and glucose levels were maintained at basal levels, suggested that insulin and/or glucose may play a role in the regulation of leptin release.
Electrical molecular focusing for laser induced fluorescence based single DNA detection (2003)

This paper details an electrokinetic focusing technique that significantly enhances the detection efficiency for laser induced fluorescence (LIF) based molecular sensing by concentrating fluorescence labeled molecules in a tiny probe region. 3-D electrodes were fabricated to generate wider and denser electric fields toward the probe region in the microchannel. The generated electric field is able to focus flowing DNA molecules to widths as narrow as 3 /spl mu/m in a 120 /spl mu/m wide channel. A single molecule detection technique is developed and the enhancement of detection efficiency by using the focusing method is demonstrated.
How Replicable Are Links Between Personality Traits and Consequential Life Outcomes? The Life Outcomes of Personality Replication Project (2019)

The Big Five personality traits have been linked to dozens of life outcomes. However, metascientific research has raised questions about the replicability of behavioral science. The Life Outcomes of Personality Replication (LOOPR) Project was therefore conducted to estimate the replicability of the personality-outcome literature. Specifically, I conducted preregistered, high-powered (median N = 1,504) replications of 78 previously published trait-outcome associations. Overall, 87% of the replication attempts were statistically significant in the expected direction. The replication effects were typically 77% as strong as the corresponding original effects, which represents a significant decline in effect size. The replicability of individual effects was predicted by the effect size and design of the original study, as well as the sample size and statistical power of the replication. These results indicate that the personality-outcome literature provides a reasonably accurate map of trait-outcome associations but also that it stands to benefit from efforts to improve replicability.