gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Could determination of equivalent dipoles from 12 lead ECG help in detection of misplaced electrodes (2011)

The purpose to participate in the PhysioNet Challenge 2011 was to test our recent computational techniques that might help in assessing of the misplaced ECG electrodes. ECG recordings from the Challenge data sets were analyzed in three steps. First, general characteristics of the recorded signals were determined. Second, cluster analysis was applied to obtain templates that helped to estimate the quality of individual beats, and to isolate the background signal, used for signal drift determination. Finally, equivalent dipoles were determined and used to reconstruct the template. Since its precision depends on the exact location of the lead locations, we speculated that by varying the lead locations to minimize error (optimization) the actual lead location could be detected. We found that the method is reliable to detect correctly placed leads, and less reliable in recognizing different swaps. For the PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2011 we obtained a score of 0.818.
Audio-based gender identification using bootstrapping (2005)

Annotation of audio content is an important component of modern multimedia information retrieval systems. Automatic gender identification is used for video indexing and can improve speech recognition results by using gender-specific classifiers. Gender identification in large datasets is difficult because of the large variability in speaker characteristics. Bootstrapping is an approach that attempts to combine minimal user annotations with automatic techniques for audio classification. In bootstrapping a small random sampling of the training data is annotated by the user and this annotation is used to train a classifier that annotates the remaining data. This technique is useful when the training set is too large to be fully annotated by the user. Experimental results showing that bootstrapping is effective for automatic audio-based gender identification are provided.
<title>Digital Recording Of Video Signals Up To 50 Mhz</title> (1973)

The signals from different military video systems range from low bandwidths of 3 MHz or less, upward to perhaps 50 MHz (or even higher) for present and anticipated needs. Unless record times are allowed to extend over many seconds, band-widths of these magnitudes may be needed for use with vidicons and laser recorders of 2500 elements per line (Ref. 1)'. Systems incorporating 8000-line TV tubes are currently under development (Ref. 2). Bousky, et al predict 100 MHz bandwidths as future requirements (Ref. 3). Such wideband systems may be needed either for recording very-high resolution live video, or else in situations where the time available for the recording of any one image is very short.
<i>BTNL2 </i>allele associations with chronic beryllium disease in HLA‐DPB1*Glu69–negative individuals (2007)

Butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) polymorphisms have been associated with sarcoidosis. We hypothesized that BTNL2 variants might confer a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-independent risk for chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a granulomatous lung disease with similar clinical, radiological, and pathological features to sarcoidosis. Genomic DNA was obtained from CBD (n= 88), beryllium sensitized (BeS, n= 86), and beryllium exposed nondiseased control subjects (Be-exp, n= 173). Six BTNL2 polymorphisms, HLA-DPB1, DRB1, and DQB1 alleles were determined by sequence-specific primer-PCR. All BTNL2 polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant differences were found between BTNL2 polymorphisms or haplotypes and CBD, BeS, or Be-exp. In HLA-DPB1*Glu69-negative subjects (n= 10 CBD, n= 13 BeS, n= 102 Be-exp), DRB1*13 and BTNL2 rs3117099TT homozygosity were increased in CBD (70% and 40%, respectively) vs Be-exp (16%, P= 0.001 and 2.9%, P= 0.001, respectively). The BTNL2 rs3117099T-HLA-DRB1*13 combination was significantly increased in CBD (50%) compared with Be-exp (6.9%, P= 0.001). In conclusion, both DRB1*13 and rs3117099TT homozygosity are associated with CBD in *Glu69-negative subjects, while DPB1*Glu69 is associated with CBD and BeS compared with Be-exp. As a result of the small sample size and strong linkage disequilibrium between DRB1*13-DQB1*0603/4/9 and the BTNL2 rs3117099T allele, it is difficult to assess the primary association in DPB1*Glu69-negative CBD cases.
In Vitro and in Vivo Studies on the Transport of PEGylated Silica Nanoparticles across the Blood–Brain Barrier (2014)

Transport of PEGylated silica nanoparticles (PSiNPs) with diameters of 100, 50, and 25 nm across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was evaluated using an in vitro BBB model based on mouse cerebral endothelial cells (bEnd.3) cultured on transwell inserts within a chamber. In vivo animal experiments were further performed by noninvasive in vivo imaging and ex vivo optical imaging after injection via carotid artery. Confocal fluorescence studies were carried out to evaluate the uptake of PSiNPs by brain endothelial cells. The results showed that PSiNPs can traverse the BBB in vitro and in vivo. The transport efficiency of PSiNPs across BBB was found to be size-dependent, with increased particle size resulting in decreased efficiency. This work points to the potential application of small sized silica nanoparticles in brain imaging or drug delivery.
Field emission from metal-coated silicon tips (1991)

Microfabrication processes previously described by D. Stephani and J. Eibl (1989) were refined and used to fabricate silicon tips coated with layers of titanium, tantalum, or platinum using physical vapor deposition techniques. The emphasis was upon creating tips with a large ratio of length to diameter. The emission properties of various groupings of emitters thus formed were investigated using an accurately positioned counterelectrode. The counterelectrode was made of tungsten coated with nickel and had a well-defined tip geometry. Measurements were performed on individual groups of one, four, or nine field emitters. Fowler-Nordheim plots were made for a variety of coating materials, emitter-to-electrode spacings, and tip geometries. It is concluded that, for many applications, tip optimization should not be aimed solely at the achievement of high field strengths but that the emitting area should also be as large as possible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Immunological Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus by Monoclonal Antibodies (2005)

In order to establish immunological detection methods for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), we established monoclonal antibodies directed against structural components of the virus. B cell hybridomas were generated from mice that were hyper-immunized with inactivated SARS-CoV virion. By screening 2,880 generated hybridomas, we established three hybridoma clones that secreted antibodies specific for nucleocapsid protein (N) and 27 clones that secreted antibodies specific for spike protein (S). Among these, four S-protein specific antibodies had in vitro neutralization activity against SARS-CoV infection. These monoclonal antibodies enabled the immunological detection of SARS-CoV by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot or immunohistology. Furthermore, a combination of monoclonal antibodies with different specificities allowed the establishment of a highly sensitive antigen-capture sandwich ELISA system. These monoclonal antibodies would be a useful tool for rapid and specific diagnosis of SARS and also for possible antibody-based treatment of the disease.
On the non-ideal characteristics of Schottky-Barrier-gate diodes in In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As/In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As heterostructure FET's on InP substrates (1995)

We report results of determination of the zero-field barrier heights of Schottky-barrier-gate-diodes in InAlAs/InGaAs heterostructure modulation doped FET's by exploiting their temperature dependent I-V characteristics. The field-emission model has been found to account for the gate current flow mechanism particularly at temperatures below 200 K. Using this model the influence of the InAlAs/InGaAs heterostructure potential barrier on the gate current has been delineated and a possible cause behind the current's wide-range of variability, from 10/sup -1/ to 10/sup 2/ A/cm/sup 2/ within 100 mV forward bias, has been suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A practical microcylinder appearance model for cloth rendering (2013)

This article introduces a practical shading model for cloth that can simulate both anisotropic highlights as well as the complex color shifts seen in cloth made of different colored threads. Our model is based on extensive Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) measurements of several cloth samples. We have also measured the scattering profile of several different individual cloth threads. Based on these measurements, we derived an empirical shading model capable of predicting the light scattering profile of a variety of threads. From individual threads, we synthesized a woven cloth model, which provides an intuitive description of the layout of the constituent threads as well as their tangent directions. Our model is physically plausible, accounting for shadowing and masking by the threads. We validate our model by comparing predicted and measured light scattering values and show how it can reproduce the appearance of many cloth and thread types, including silk, velvet, linen, and polyester. The model is robust, easy to use, and can simulate the appearance of complex highlights and color shifts that cannot be fully handled by existing models.
The preparation of site and services projects : a discussion paper (1973)

Major issues identified during the Senegal site and services project which may be generalized for other site and services projects, are discussed. Observations are divided into six sections: the context of site and services projects and their interconnectedness in urban development; the objectives of site and services projects; trade-offs and inconsistencies in project preparation; preconditions of site and services projects; selected analytic and logistical problems; and site and services projects and national policy changes. The three general policy areas connected with an urban project are urbanization policy, regional policy, and urban policy. The objectives of site and services projects include permitting more efficient land-use patterns and channeling urban public resources toward those categories of population that are inadequately served. Attempts at coordinating urban development projects involve choices among project objectives. Preconditions to site and services projects can be viewed as involving either informational or institutional factors. Finally, site and services projects must be considered in the context of national policies toward urban development.
Forensic SIM Card Cloning Using Authentication Algorithm (2016)

Crime in the telecommunications sector increasingly, especially in the mobile security system found several security flaws of data outside of the network. Clone SIM card is a major problem in the SIM card device. Research cloning SIM card can be presented in the form of analysis algorithms A3 SRES, and A8 RAND to get Ki AUC for the investigation process digital forensic cloning SIM card, testing scheme SIM card cloning used parameter ＂Due Under Test＂ (DUT) and ＂Trial and Error＂ with the following phases ; identification, preservation, collection, examination, anally and presentation. Conclusion SIM card cloning and analysis in the form of percentage of success then conducted a forensic investigation to cloning SIM card with the matching algorithm A8 (RAND) contained in each SIM card which produces authentication Ki as contained in the investigation file structure SIM card. Memory capacity has advantages and disadvantages, which is 32kb SIM card Ki produced a success rate of 100% success, 64kb SIM card cloning success rate of 25% to 50%. Research cloning SIM card with forensic investigations have been successfully cloned.
Three-Dimensional Glass Monolithic Micro-Flexure Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Exposure and Chemical Etching (2014)

Flexures are components of micro-mechanisms efficiently replacing classical multi-part joints found at the macroscale. So far, flexures have been limited to two-dimensional planar designs due to the lack of a suitable three-dimensional micromanufacturing process. Here we demonstrate and characterize a high-strength transparent monolithic three-dimensional flexural component fabricated out of fused silica using non-ablative femtosecond laser processing combined with chemical etching. As an illustration of the potential use of this flexure, we propose a design of a Hoecken linkage entirely made with three-dimensional cross-spring pivot hinges.
3,3'-Bi-[1,3-thiazolidine-4-one] system. VII. Synthesis and SARS of some 2-heteroaryl derivatives with antiinflammatory and related activities. (1994)

In pursuing the research on the SARs of chiral 3,3'-Bi-[1,3-thiazolidine-4-one] system derivatives, two new structural modifications were explored, both having on chiral C atoms thienyl or 2/3 pyridyl groups which have been found to improve antiinflammatory and related activities in the previously studied 3,3'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bisthiazolidinones. In particular a trimetylene chain was introduced between N-3 and N-3' thus obtaining the 3,3'-(1,3-propanediyl) derivatives [type Ic compounds], whereas by elimination of a thiazolidinone ring the 2-heteroaryl-3-[2'(heteroarylidenamino) ethyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-4-one derivatives (type II compounds) were prepared. The new compounds were explored in vivo for their antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic activities, as well as for acute toxicity and ulcerogenic effects. The results obtained don't allow us to draw any reliable SAR except that, by increasing the distance between thiazolidinonic rings, in Ic compounds, the pharmacological profile is not improved with respect to (1,2-ethanediyl) inferior homologs. Among compounds II, only the thienyl derivative 5 appears to have antiinflammatory and analgesic activities.
Real time diagnostics of detonation products from lead azide using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (1991)

We report on the first example that applies coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) to real time diagnostics of detonation products from a solid explosive. The supersonically expanding gaseous products, from the detonation of either lead azide pellets or powders, are studied, using broadband CARS. The density, and the rotational and vibrational temperatures of ground electronic state N2 molecules, N2(X), are monitored as a function of time at a fixed distance, 3.3 cm, from the azide surface. The rotational temperature is low, around 200–300 K, while the vibrational temperature is around 2000 K for delays of 8–12 μs, following the initiation of detonation. The density of N2(X), during this time interval, increases from ∼1×1017 to 1×1018 cm−3.
The Synthesis of Conformationally Restricted Analogs of Acetolactate (1997)

The synthesis of a conformationally restricted analog of acetolactate 1, a natural substrate for ketol acid reductoisomerase, is described. The key features of the successful synthesis are epoxidation of unsaturated ester 10 using urea-hydrogen peroxide complex and subsequent rearrangement of epoxide 11 to allylic alcohol 13 with aluminum tri-tert-butoxide. Compound 1 was neither a substrate for ketol acid reductoisomerase nor an inhibitor of the enzyme at concentrations up to 50 ppm.
Path expressions in pascal (1979)

This paper describes the enhancement of Pascal to specify synchronization between concurrent processes by Path Expressions. The extended language is being used to gain experience in the design and construction of practical real time systems and operating systems. An encapsulation mechanism is included to synchronize all accesses to encapsulated data. A network message transfer system is presented as an extended example of the use of Path Expressions.
Vitamin D inhibits proliferation and profibrotic marker expression in hepatic stellate cells and decreases thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats (2011)

1,25(OH)(2)D(3) has antiproliferative and antifibrotic effects on liver fibrosis in in vitro and in vivo models and may be considered as having potential therapeutic value.
Ago2 facilitates Rad51 recruitment and DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination (2014)

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are highly cytotoxic lesions and pose a major threat to genome stability if not properly repaired. We and others have previously shown that a class of DSB-induced small RNAs (diRNAs) is produced from sequences around DSB sites. DiRNAs are associated with Argonaute (Ago) proteins and play an important role in DSB repair, though the mechanism through which they act remains unclear. Here, we report that the role of diRNAs in DSB repair is restricted to repair by homologous recombination (HR) and that it specifically relies on the effector protein Ago2 in mammalian cells. Interestingly, we show that Ago2 forms a complex with Rad51 and that the interaction is enhanced in cells treated with ionizing radiation. We demonstrate that Rad51 accumulation at DSB sites and HR repair depend on catalytic activity and small RNA-binding capability of Ago2. In contrast, DSB resection as well as RPA and Mre11 loading is unaffected by Ago2 or Dicer depletion, suggesting that Ago2 very likely functions directly in mediating Rad51 accumulation at DSBs. Taken together, our findings suggest that guided by diRNAs, Ago2 can promote Rad51 recruitment and/or retention at DSBs to facilitate repair by HR.
Electronic tuning of a dye laser with simultaneous multiple-wavelength output (1974)

Rapid simultaneous multiple-wavelength tuning of a dye laser has been achieved electronically by inserting an acoustooptic beam deflector inside the laser cavity. A beam deflector and diffraction grating combination serve as the tuning element. By applying multiple-RF signals to the acoustooptic deflector, multiple-wavelength operation is readily obtained.
Dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation normalizes intestinal dysrhythmia and improves symptoms induced by vasopressin in fed state in dogs (2007)

To assess effects of dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation (DPIES) on intestinal dysrhythmia and motility, and symptoms induced by vasopressin in conscious dogs. The study was performed in three postprandial sessions (control; vasopressin; DPIES) in six dogs with two pairs of electrodes chronically implanted on the serosal surface of the proximal jejunum and with a chronic duodenal fistula. A manometric catheter was advanced into the small intestine via the intestinal cannula. Motility and intestinal slow waves were recorded. Symptoms were assessed. During vasopressin infusion, the percentage of normal intestinal slow wave frequency was decreased (P < 0.01), reflected as a significant increase in the percentage of both bradygastria and tachygastria; the motility index decreased (P < 0.01) and the symptom score increased (P < 0.01). In the session of DPIES, the percentage of normal slow wave frequency was recovered (P < 0.05 vs vasopressin), attributed to a reduction in both bradyarrhythmia and tachyarrhythmia; the symptom score was reduced (P < 0.05 vs vasopressin); the motility index was not significantly increased. These results suggest that vasopressin induces intestinal dysrhythmia and emetic symptoms and inhibits intestinal motility. Dual pulse intestinal electrical stimulation is capable of improving intestinal dysrhythmia and emetic symptoms but not impaired intestinal motility induced by vasopressin.
Heat and Moisture Transfer with Sorption and Phase Change Through Clothing Assemblies (2005)

Part II of this series reports on a theoretical model and simulation results of coupled heat and moisture transfer with phase change and mobile condensates in clothing assemblies consisting of porous fibrous battings sandwiched by inner and outer layers of a thin covering fabric. The model considers moisture movement induced by partial water vapor pressure, a super saturation state in the condensing region, dynamic moisture absorption of fibrous materials, and the movement of liquid condensates. The theoretical results of the model are compared and agree well with the experimental ones. A numerical simulation using the model shows that inner fibrous battings with higher fiber contents, finer fibers, greater fiber emissivity, higher air permeability, a lower disperse coefficient of surface free water, and a lower moisture absorption rate cause less condensation and moisture absorption, which is beneficial to thermal comfort during and after exercising in cold weather conditions.
A Compensation Technique for Smooth Transitions in Non-inverting Buck-Boost Converter (2009)

With the advent of battery-powered portable devices and the mandatory adoptions of power factor correction (PFC), non-inverting buck-boost converter is attracting numerous attentions. Conventional two-switch or four-switch non-inverting buck-boost converters choose their operation modes by measuring input and output voltage magnitudes. This can cause higher output voltage transients when input and output are close to each other. For the mode selection, the comparison of input and output voltage magnitudes is not enough due to the voltage drops raised by the parasitic components. In addition, the difference in the minimum and maximum effective duty cycle between controller output and switching device yields the discontinuity at the instant of mode change. Moreover, the different properties of output voltage versus a given duty cycle of buck and boost operating modes contribute to the output voltage transients. In this paper, the effect of the discontinuity due to the effective duty cycle derived from device switching time at the mode change is analyzed. A technique to compensate the output voltage transient due to this discontinuity is proposed. In order to attain additional mitigation of output transients and linear input/output voltage characteristic in buck and boost modes, the linearization of DC-gain of large signal model in boost operation is analyzed as well. Analytical, simulation, and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed theory.
Review of Chemometrics Applied to Spectroscopy: 1985-95, Part 3 — Multi-way Analysis (1997)

INTRODUCTION In this third part of a review on chemometrics in spectroscopy we will describe a recent methodology that has attracted increasing interest in spectroscopy. namely multi-way analysis. The application of multi-way analysis in spectroscopy is still relatively new. hence many methodological improvements are being investigated currently. Part of thls review will also be used to describe the algorithmic improvements gained the last decade.