gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Folding and Unfolding Bloom Filters: An Off-Line Planning and On-Line Optimization Problem (2012)

The Internet of things has reached a stage that allows ubiquitous data access. Still, practical limitations remain in networks with scarce bandwidth. Here, we examine the Bloom filter data structure and its use in distributed protocols. We discuss how to minimize the bandwidth and energy usage consumed when distributed protocols exchange Bloom filters, through dynamic Bloom filter resizing. We propose a general and novel formalization of Bloom filter resizing, through foldings and unfoldings. The key challenge in the folding approach is determining suitable parameters and how to perform a folding. Specifically, we address the number of times that a Bloom filter should be folded and optionally unfolded, and how to determine an ideal reduction factor for this process. We formulate our approach as off-line planning of the integer factorization problem (where the integers correspond to the size of a Bloom filter), and propose further directions for optimizing the dynamic folding and unfolding of a Bloom filter.
Accelerated Path-Based Timing Analysis with MapReduce (2015)

Path-based timing analysis (PBA) is a pivotal step to achieve accurate timing signoff. A core primitive extracts a large set of paths subject to path-specific or less-pessimistic timing update. However, this process in nature demands a very high computational complexity and thus has been a major bottleneck in accelerating timing closure. Therefore, we introduce in this paper a fast and scalable PBA framework with MapReduce - a recent programming paradigm invented by Google for big-data processing. Inspired by the spirit of MapReduce, we formulate our problem into tasks that are associated with keys and values and perform massively-parallel map and reduce operations on a distributed system. Experimental results demonstrated that our approach can easily analyze million nodes in a single minute.
Generation of optical phase singularities by computer-generated holograms (1992)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text N. R. Heckenberg, R. McDuff, C. P. Smith, and A. G. White, "Generation of optical phase singularities by computer-generated holograms," Opt. Lett. 17, 221-223 (1992) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Effect of knowledge-guided colon segmentation in automated detection of polyps in CT colonography (2002)

We developed a novel automated technique for segmenting the colonic wall in computer-aided detection of polyps in CT colonography. The technique is designed to minimize the presence of extracolonic components, such as small bowel, in the segmented colon. The colon segmentations were evaluated subjectively by four radiologists. On average, 98% of the visible colonic wall was covered by the segmentation. The amount of extracolonic components was reduced by 50% compared with our previously used anatomy-oriented colon segmentation technique, but approximately 10-15% of the segmentation still contained extracolonic components. When the technique was used with our fully automated computer-aided polyp detection scheme at a 100% by-patient detection sensitivity, the false-positive rate was reduced by 20% from 2.5 false positives to 2.0 false positives per patient. These preliminary results suggest that our new colon segmentation technique can improve the specificity of our CAD scheme significantly without degradation in the detection sensitivity.
Efferent projections of <scp>Vglut2</scp> , <scp>Foxp2</scp> , and <scp>Pdyn</scp> parabrachial neurons in mice (2020)

The parabrachial nucleus (PB) is a complex structure located at the junction of the midbrain and hindbrain. Its neurons have diverse genetic profiles and influence a variety of homeostatic functions. While its cytoarchitecture and overall efferent projections are known, we lack comprehensive information on the projection patterns of specific neuronal subtypes in the PB. In this study, we compared the projection patterns of glutamatergic neurons here with a subpopulation expressing the transcription factor Foxp2 and a further subpopulation expressing the neuropeptide Pdyn. To do this, we injected an AAV into the PB region to deliver a Cre-dependent anterograde tracer (synaptophysin-mCherry) in three different strains of Cre-driver mice. We then analyzed 147 neuroanatomical regions for labeled boutons in every brain (n = 11). Overall, glutamatergic neurons in the PB region project to a wide variety of sites in the cerebral cortex, basal forebrain, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, diencephalon, and brainstem. Foxp2 and Pdyn subpopulations project heavily to the hypothalamus, but not to the cortex, basal forebrain, or amygdala. Among the few differences between Foxp2 and Pdyn cases was a notable lack of Pdyn projections to the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Our results indicate that genetic identity determines connectivity (and therefore, function), providing a framework for mapping all PB output projections based on the genetic identity of its neurons. Using genetic markers to systematically classify PB neurons and their efferent projections will enhance the translation of research findings from experimental animals to humans.
Caries Development in Fluoridated and Non-Fluoridated Deciduous and Permanent Enamel in Situ Examined by Microradiography and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (1997)

The aim of the study was to compare initial caries development in fluoridated and non-fluoridated deciduous and permanent enamel in situ. Enamel slabs were mounted in removable appliances and worn for 4 wks. Significantly larger lesions developed in deciduous than in permanent enamel when no topical fluorides were used. Fluoride mouthrinsing partly prevented lesion development in deciduous and completely in permanent enamel. Initial enamel caries not detected by microradiography can be visualized by CLSM (confocal laser scanning microscopy).
The role of embodied cognition for transforming learning (2018)

Cognitive psychology has undergone a paradigm shift in the ways we understand how knowledge is acquired and represented within the brain, yet the implications for how this impacts students’ learning of material across disciplines has yet to be fully applied. In this article, we present an integrative review of embodied cognition, and demonstrate how it differs from previously held theories of knowledge that still influence the ways in which many subjects are taught in the classroom. In doing so, we review the literature of embodied learning in the areas of reading instruction, writing, physics, and math. In addition, we discuss how these studies can lead to the development of new learning strategies that utilized the principles of embodied cognition.
Interphase molecular cytogenetic screening for chromosomal abnormalities of prognostic significance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a UK Cancer Cytogenetics Group Study (2005)

Summary Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) was used independently to reveal chromosomal abnormalities of prognostic importance in a large, consecutive series of children (n = 2367) with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The fusions, TEL/AML1 and BCR/ABL, and rearrangements of the MLL gene occurred at frequencies of 22% (n = 447/2027) (25% in B-lineage ALL), 2% (n = 43/2027) and 2% (n = 47/2016) respectively. There was considerable variation in iFISH signal patterns both between and within patient samples. The TEL/AML1 probe showed the highest incidence of variation (59%, n = 524/884), which included 38 (2%) patients with clustered, multiple copies of AML1. We were thus able to define amplification of AML1 as a new recurrent abnormality in ALL, associated with a poor prognosis. Amplification involving the ABL gene, a rare recurrent abnormality confined to T ALL patients, was identified for the first time. The use of centromeric probes revealed significant hidden high hyperdiploidy of 33% and 59%, respectively, in patients with normal (n = 21/64) or failed (n = 32/54) cytogenetic results. The iFISH contributed significantly to the high success rate of 91% (n = 2114/2323) and the remarkable abnormality detection rate of 89% (n = 1879/2114). This study highlights the importance of iFISH as a complementary tool to cytogenetics in routine screening for significant chromosomal abnormalities in ALL.
The Lincoln robust continuous speech recognizer (2003)

The Lincoln stress-resistant HMM (hidden Markov model) CSR has been extended to large-vocabulary continuous speech for both speaker-dependent (SD) and speaker-independent (SI) tasks. Performance on the DARPA resource management task (991-word vocabulary, perplexity 60 word-pair grammar) is 3.5% word error rate for SD training of word-context-dependent triphone models and 12.6% word error rate for SI training of (word-context-free) tied-mixture triphone models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Relationship Between Environmental Conditions and Growth of Chum Salmon Fingerlings (2007)

Early growth of chum salmon was investigated in terms of rearing pond condition. The number of fingerling showed big differences by rearing pond . The fork length of fingerlings ranged from and body weight ranged . Daily temperature of rearing water in January to March was , which is inadequate for salmon growth. pH was in early and mid February, 6.5 in late February and in March. Dissolved oxygen concentration was lowest from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. and increased after 6 p.m. The maximum value was seen from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. The mortality of fingerlings was 5 times higher in the daytime than at night because of dissolved oxygen. Growth of fingerlings was affected by daily ration, concentration of dissolved oxygen and rearing temperature.
New Genetic Element Carrying the Erythromycin Resistance Determinant <i>erm</i> (TR) in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2007)

erm(A) subclass erm(TR), a common macrolide resistance determinant in Streptococcus pyogenes but quite rare in Streptococcus pneumoniae, was found in a clinical S. pneumoniae isolate (AP200) from Italy. In this isolate, erm(TR) was found included in a genetic element approximately 56 kb in size that did not appear to be conjugative but could be transferred by transformation. An erm(TR)-containing DNA fragment of approximately 10 kb was sequenced and 12 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. Upstream of erm(TR), a regulatory protein of the TetR family and the two components of an efflux pump of the ABC type were found. Downstream of erm(TR), there were ORFs homologous to a spectinomycin phosphotransferase, transposases, and a relaxase. Since the genomic sequence of S. pyogenes MGAS10750 carrying erm(TR) became available, comparison between the erm(TR)-containing genetic elements in AP200 and in MGAS10750 was performed. The region flanking erm(TR) in MGAS10750 showed identity with AP200 for 10 ORFs out of 12. PCR mapping using primers designed on the sequence of MGAS10750 confirmed that AP200 carries a genetic element similar to that of MGAS10750. In AP200 the genetic element was inserted inside an ORF homologous to spr0790 of S. pneumoniae R6, coding for a type I restriction modification system. Homologies between the insertion sites in AP200 and MGAS10750 consisted of eight conserved nucleotides, of which three were duplicated, likely representing target site duplication. The structure of the erm(TR)-carrying genetic element shows characteristics of a transposon/prophage remnant chimera. In AP200 this genetic element was designated Tn1806.
Fabricating Pinhole-Free YSZ Sub-Microthin Films by Magnetron Sputtering for Micro-SOFCs (2010)

Submicron thin yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films were prepared on a variety of substrates with different surface morphologies by magnetron sputtering followed by thermal oxidation. Pinholes were observed in the films deposited on nanoporous alumina substrates. Initial dense Y/Zr films developed nanocracks after thermal oxidation on smooth Si wafer substrates. At optimal sputtering and oxidation conditions, smooth and crack/pore-free films were achieved on Si wafer substrates. The thin YSZ films exhibited fully ionic conduction with ionic conductivities, and activation energy corroborated well with the values from commercial YSZ plates. The thin YSZ films can be utilized in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) for intermediate temperature operations.
Neoclassical Guidance for Homing Missiles (2001)

A new approach to guidance of homing missiles is considered. Like classical proportional navigation (PN), the new guidance law utilizes line-of-sight (LOS) rate measurement only. However, its performance is superior to PN, in the sense that zero-miss-distance (ZMD) is obtained against highly maneuvering targets. This merit is achieved withneithertheestimationoftargetmaneuvernortimetogo.Inthederivationofthenewguidancelaw,alinearized formulation of the PN interception kinemtics is used. Based on themethod ofadjoints, it is proved analytically that whentheoveralltransferfunctionofthemissileisbiproper,thatis, thedegreeofthenumeratorequalsthedegreeof thedenominator,ZMDisobtained.TheZMDpropertyholdsinthefollowingcases:deterministictargetmaneuvers, random target maneuvers, deterministic target maneuvers with random starting times, fading noise, and passiveand active-receiver noise. The realization of the new guidance law requires lead compensation. When LOS rate measurement is corrupted by noise, lead ‐lag compensation can be used instead. These design considerations are illustrated in simulations, which verify that negligiblemissdistanceagainst highly maneuvering targetsis obtained even when the LOS rate measurement is noisy.
A genome-wide screen in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> for genes affecting UV radiation sensitivity (2001)

The recent completion of the deletion of essentially all of the ORFs in yeast is an important new resource for identifying the phenotypes of unknown genes. Each ORF is replaced with a cassette containing unique tag sequences that allow rapid parallel analysis of strains in a pool by using hybridization to a high-density oligonucleotide array. We examined the utility of this system to identify genes conferring resistance to UV irradiation by using a pool of 4,627 individual homozygous deletion strains (representing deletions of all nonessential genes). We identified most of the nonessential genes previously shown to be involved in nucleotide excision repair, in cell cycle checkpoints, in homologous recombination, and in postreplication repair after UV damage. We also identified and individually confirmed, by replacing the genes, three new genes, to our knowledge not previously reported to confer UV sensitivity when deleted. Two of these newly identified genes have human orthologs associated with cancer, demonstrating the potential of this system to uncover human genes affecting sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents and genes potentially involved in cancer formation.
Studies on the Heterocyclic Compounds. XVIII. Syntheses of Imidazo-[1, 2-c]- and Pyrimido[1, 2-c]pyrimidine Derivatives (1974)

2, 4-Dichloro- (Ia, b) or 4, 6-dichloropyrimidine (II) was treated with aminoalcohols to afford the 4-substituted compounds. When these compounds were treated with thionyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran, cyclized compounds (Va, b, VIb, XIa, b, XIIb, XVa, b, XVII, XIX, and XXI) were obtained. In this reaction, some of the compounds (VIb and XIIb) were substituted by chlorine atom at the 5-position of pyrimidine ring. By the reaction of compound XXI with alkaline solution under a mild condition, ring opening of the pyrimidine occurred to give imidazolidine derivatives (XXII and XXIII). The compounds Ia, b or II was treated with aminoacetal to afford 4-(2, 2-diethoxyethylamino) compounds, which were converted to imidazo[1, 2-c]pyrimidines (XXVIIa, b and XXXII) by the reaction with 6 N hydrochloric acid followed by cone. sulfuric acid. In this case, ring opened compound (XXXIII) was obtained as a minor product.
MC-NG: A 4th Generation Single-Crystal Superalloy for Future Aeronautical Turbine Blades and Vanes (2000)

The growing demand for an increasing turbine inlet temperature has led both French engine manufacturers Snecma and Turbomeca to take into account the attractive potential of alloys containing rhenium and ruthenium. The MC-NG is a 4'h generation single-crystal superalloy developed and patented by Onera. This paper discusses both microstructural aspects and mechanical properties obtained on the fust MC-NG alloy elaborated in industrial conditions. Results demonstrate that there is a promising alternative to the third generation superalloys to increase the temperature capability of the single-crystal turbine blades without the drawback of a too high density or microstructural instability features.
Stoichiometry of Binding of Mature and Truncated Forms of the Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase-Binding Protein to the Dihydrolipoamide Acetyltransferase Core of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1996)

The dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein (E3BP), a component of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes, anchors an E3 homodimer inside each of the 12 pentagonal faces of the 60-mer dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2). To gain further insight into the number and localization of binding sites for E3BP on the 60-mer E2, truncated forms of the E3BP lacking the lipoyl and E3-binding domains were engineered by deletion mutagenesis. The recombinant proteins contained a polyhistidine extension on the amino terminus to facilitate purification to near-homogeneity. The stoichiometry of binding of the truncation mutants to a truncated form (inner core) of E2 (tE2, residues 181-454), lacking the lipoyl domain and the E1-binding domain, was determined. Mixtures containing tE2 and excess intact or truncated forms of E3BP were subjected to ultracentrifugation to separate the large complexes from unbound E3BP or tE3BP, and the complexes were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After staining with Coomassie brilliant blue and destaining, the gels were analyzed with a video area densitometer. The results showed that tE2 binds about 20 copies of intact E3BP-H, about 24 copies of tE3BP-H144 (residues 144-380), lacking the lipoyl domain, and about 31 copies of tE3BP-H218 (residues 218-380), lacking both the lipoyl and E3-binding domains. The results indicate that there apparently is a binding site for E3BP on each E2 subunit and that steric hindrance by segments of E3BP prevents full stoichiometric binding of E3BP to the pentagonal dodecahedron-like E2.
Sensitization Development in Austenitic Stainless Steel: Correlation Between STEM-EDS and EPR Measurements (1988)

Direct measurements of grain boundary chromium depletion by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) are compared to measurements of the degree of sensitization (DOS) using the electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (EPR) test technique. Results indicate that the EPR test attacks chromium-depleted regions in austenitic stainless steels (SSs) that contain less than about 12.5 to 73.5 wt% chromium. The amount of attack depends on the width and on the depth of the depleted region. Correlations are presented between STEM-EDS and EPR-DOS measurements and discussed based on the width and volume of chromium-depleted material in both AISI(1) 304 and 316 SSs. Implications of such correlations on the ability to quantitatively model sensitization development are also discussed.
Flavonoids from <i>Dalbergia </i><i>l</i><i>ouvelii</i> and Their Antiplasmodial Activity (2003)

Four new flavonoids (1-4), along with 13 known compounds, were isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia louvelii by following their potential to inhibit in vitro the growth of Plasmodium falciparum. Of the isolated compounds, four known compounds showed antiplasmodial activity with IC(50) values ranging from 5.8 to 8.7 microM, namely, (R)-4' '-methoxydalbergione (5), obtusafuran (6), 7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyisoflavone (7), and isoliquiritigenin (8). The structures of the new compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques as 1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane (1), spirolouveline (2), (3R)-7,2'-dihydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (3), and 3-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy)phenyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (4), respectively.
Successful sequential therapy with rituximab and belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a case series. (2018)

The modulation of plasma BLyS kinetics in patients undergoing sequential treatment with rituximab and belimumab may represent a possible rationale behind the effectiveness of this combined therapy.
Permanent magnet quadrupole for final focus for linear collider (2004)

Strong permanent magnet quadrupole lens is one of the candidates as the final focus lens for the linear collider, because of its compactness and less power consumption, while one drawback is its fixed strength. The total strength of a lens can be changed by rotating subdivided pieces separately. Some issues on such a system will be discussed.
Sheared Flow Stabilization of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">m</mml:mi><mml:mspace/><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mspace/><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:math>Kink Mode in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">Z</mml:mi></mml:math>Pinches (1995)

The effect of a sheared axial flow on the $m\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$ kink instability in $Z$ pinches is studied numerically by reducing the linearized magnetohydrodynamic equations to a one-dimensional displacement equation. An equilibrium is used that is made marginally stable against the $m\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0$ sausage mode by tailoring its pressure profile. The principal result reveals that a sheared axial flow stabilizes the kink mode when the shear exceeds a threshold that is dependent on the location of the conducting wall. For the equilibria studied here the maximum threshold shear ( ${v}_{z}^{\ensuremath{'}}/{\mathrm{kV}}_{A}^{0}$) was about $0.1$.
Analysis of white and <i>f</i><sup>−α</sup> noise in oscillators (1990)

Abstract In this paper the general correlation spectrum of an oscillator with white and f‐ αa noise sources is derived from the Langevin equations describing the deterministic and stochastic behaviour of an oscillator by perturbation methods. the treatment of f‐ α noise and the influence of the finite measuring time on the noise spectra are included in a time domain calculation. the theory is applied to a Van der Pol oscillator exhibiting parametric sideband amplification and to a realized oscillator demonstrating the applicability of the theory to technically relevant circuits.
Maple: a simultaneous technology mapping, placement, and global routing algorithm for FPGAs (2002)

Technology mapping algorithms for LUT (Look Up Table) based FPGAs have been proposed to transfer a Boolean network into logic-blocks. However, since those algorithms take no layout information into account, they do not always lead to excellent results. In this paper, a simultaneous technology mapping, placement and global routing algorithm for FPGAs, Maple, is presented. Maple is an extended version of a simultaneous placement and global routing algorithm for FPGAs, which is based on recursive partition of layout regions and block sets. Maple inherits its basic process and executes the technology mapping simultaneously in each recursive process. Therefore, the mapping can be done with the placement and global routing information. Experimental results for some benchmark circuits demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness.