gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variation of Color in Zirconium Nitride Thin Films Prepared by Reactive DC Magnetron Sputtering (2011)

This study is to evaluate a color variation of the zirconium nitride thin film, prepared from deposition technique of different N2 flow rates, ranging from 0.0 to 3.0 sccm, whereas the Ar flow rate is fixed at 3 sccm. The thin film was deposited on an unheated silicon wafer (100) via a reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The deposition current and deposition time were 0.6 A and 15 minutes, respectively. In the study, colors of film were changed from silver, gold, dark brown, brown, purple, pink to blue, when N2 flow rate further increase. Interestingly, the results indicate that gold color occurs in a very small interval of N2 flow rate.
Are the Long-Acting Intramuscular Formulations of Risperidone or Paliperidone Palmitate Associated with Post-Injection Delirium/Sedation Syndrome? An Assessment of Safety Databases (2011)

Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of antipsychotics are valuable treatment alternatives for patients with psychotic disorders, and understanding their safe use is critical. Post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome (PDSS) has been reported following treatment with one atypical antipsychotic LAI. Clinical databases of risperidone LAI and paliperidone palmitate were explored to identify if cases of PDSS had been observed. No cases of PDSS were identified in 15 completed trials of 3,164 subjects (approximately 115,000 injections) or the postmarketing safety database of risperidone LAI. Only one case of PDSS was identified among 10 completed trials (3,817 subjects, 33,906 injections) of paliperidone palmitate-that case having been reported in a patient randomized to treatment with placebo. Examination of these prospective databases finds no evidence that risperidone LAI and paliperidone palmitate are associated with PDSS and suggest that findings seen with another antipsychotic LAI are not generalizable.
Studies on the induction of anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). II. Eye-derived cells participate in generating blood-borne signals that induce ACAID (1991)

Despite an ever increasing body of information concerning general in vivo immune reactivity to exogenous Ag, relatively little is known concerning regional tissue influences on these responses. One expression of regionally distinct immune regulation is the deviant form of systemic immunity induced after the introduction of Ag, such as BSA, into the anterior chamber of the eye--anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). ACAID is characterized by a selective, systemic immune deficiency in which both Ag-specific delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and complement-fixing antibody production are impaired by populations of Ts lymphocytes, although other immune effector modalities are preserved. Recent evidence demonstrates that the blood of mice that receive an anterior chamber injection of BSA 48 h earlier contains leukocytes capable of inducing cell-mediated Ag-specific efferent suppression of DH similar to that seen in mice with ACAID. Additional analysis of these bloodborne suppression-inducing leukocytes revealed them to express the mature macrophage/monocyte marker F4/80. On the basis of these findings, we wished to determine the source of the ACAID-inducing cells present in the peripheral blood of mice after anterior chamber inoculation of BSA. The data reveal that cells harvested from the normal eye are capable of selective induction of DH suppressive activity similar to that seen in ACAID. Interestingly, this property is unique to F4/80 expressing cells of the iris and ciliary body (I/CB). F4/80- I/CB cells do not possess this property. Although the F4/80 expressing cells that are present in extraocular sites do not constitutively possess ACAID-inducing properties, exposure of these cells to the anterior chamber microenvironment endows them with this ability. Finally, I/CB cells exposed to Ag in situ, via direct anterior chamber Ag inoculation, induce suppressed Ag-specific DH reactivity when infused into naive syngeneic recipients--a form of systemic immune deviation similar to that seen in mice with ACAID. The results presented here represent the first in vivo description of APC, altered by factors in a local microenvironment, that can initiate a systemic immune response characterized by Ag-specific immune suppression.
Control of bleeding is essential for a successful treatment of hemorrhagic shock with 7.5 per cent sodium chloride solution. (1991)

Small volume hypertonic saline (HTS) solution resuscitation has been shown to restore hemodynamic derangements and to protect against mortality in "controlled" hemorrhagic shock (CHS), but it exacerbates the shock state in "uncontrolled" hemorrhagic shock (UCHS). To study the mechanisms associated with the divergent outcome of HTS treatment in CHS versus UCHS, HTS was administered to anesthetized rats (n = 7) subjected to 15 per cent resection of the tail followed by controlled or uncontrolled bleeding. HTS treatment of UCHS increased bleeding (13.3 +/- 1.6 milliliters, p less than 0.05), dropped mean arterial pressure (MAP) (-84.5 +/- 8.9 millimeters of mercury, p less than 0.001), central venous pressure (zero millimeters of mercury, p less than 0.001) and cardiac index (CI) (41 per cent of basal value, p less than 0.001) and increased acidosis (pH 7.23 +/- 0.12, p less than 0.05) and mortality (mean survival time 75 +/- 15 minutes versus 122 +/- 23 minutes of untreated rats, p less than 0.05). In contrast, when administered after application of a ligature proximal to the resection site (at 15 minutes), HTS completely reversed the changes in MAP, CI and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI), and improved mean survival time (172 +/- 7 minutes, p less than 0.05). These data support the assumption that HTS should be used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock only after bleeding was controlled.
Super-resolution using multiple structured dictionaries based on the gradient operator and bicubic interpolation (2016)

In this paper we present an extension to the algorithm of super-resolution via selective sparse representation over a set of coupled low and high resolution cluster dictionary pairs. Patch clustering and sparse model selection are carried out using the magnitude and phase of the patch gradient operator. A compact dictionary pair is learned for each cluster. A low resolution patch is classified into one of the clusters using the two criteria. A high resolution patch is reconstructed using the high resolution cluster dictionary, and the spare representation coefficients of its low resolution counterpart over the low resolution cluster dictionary. This extension aims at super-resolving patches of low sharpness or poor directionality with bicubic interpolation. Accordingly, the computationally expensive sparse representation framework will only be applied on a limited portion of image patches. As a result, the super-resolution reconstruction computational complexity is significantly reduced without sacrificing the performance. Experiments conducted over natural images validate this result.
Imagined cities: urban experience and the language of the novel (2005)

In Imagined Cities, Robert Alter traces the arc of literary development triggered by the runaway growth of urban centres from the early nineteenth century through the first two decades of the twentieth. As new technologies and arrangements of public and private space changed the ways people experienced time and space, the urban panorama became less coherent - a metropolis defying traditional representation and definition, a vast jumble of shifting fragments and glimpses - and writers were compelled to create new methods for conveying the experience of the city. In a series of subtle and convincing interpretations of novels by Flaubert, Dickens, Bely, Woolf, Joyce, and Kafka, Alter reveals the ways the city entered the literary imagination. He shows how writers of diverse imaginative temperaments developed innovative techniques to represent shifts in modern consciousness. Writers sought more than a journalistic representation of city living, he argues, and to convey meaningfully the reality of the metropolis, the city had to be recreated or reimagined. His book probes the literary response to changing realities of the period and contributes significantly to our understanding of the history of the Western imagination. Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of Canon and Creativity: Modern Writing and the Authority of Scripture, published by Yale University Press.
Fabrication and measurement of high T/sub c/ superconducting microbolometers (1991)

The authors fabricated and measured the performance of antenna-coupled microbolometers based on the resistive transition of a high-T/sub c/ superconducting film for use as detectors of far-infrared and millimeter waves. A planar lithographed antenna (log-periodic or log-spiral) is used to couple the radiation to a thin YBCO film with dimensions ( approximately=6*13 mu m/sup 2/) which are smaller than the wavelength to be measured. This film acts both as the resistor to thermalize the RF currents and as a transition edge thermometer to measure the resulting temperature rise. Because of its small size, both the thermal conductance from the film into the bulk of the substrate and the heat capacity of the thermally active region are small. Consequently, the microbolometer has low noise, fast response, and a high voltage responsivity. A phonon-limited electrical NEP of 4.5*10/sup -12/ WHz/sup -1/2/ at a 10-kHz modulation frequency and a responsivity of 478 V/W at a bias of 550 mu A were measured. Measurements of the optical efficiency are discussed.
Towards a common agile software development model (ASDM) (2012)

In this paper we use a formal approach to describe Agile Software Development Methodologies. We extract common attributes and properties out of Agile Methodologies to establish a common Agile Software Development Model (ASDM). To build our model we take a look at the Agile Manifesto as well as eXtreme Programing (XP) and Scrum, and also a project-specific Agile Methodology called I2. We describe the Agile Software Development Methodologies in terms of Sets, Relations and Equations to make similarities and differences visible. With this formal characterization we can compare the Methodologies to each other and extract the common attributes and properties as parts of the common Agile Software Development Model (ASDM). After establishing our model we assess the explanatory power and aspects of completeness of the model to identify weakness and improvement potential. The explanatory power means the ability to characterize a Methodology and compare different Methodologies to each other. Completeness issues are related to the model itself, to the model's instantiations (e. g. describing XP with the ASDM) and the completeness of (relevant) Practices. Using this approach we try to achieve better theoretical understanding and comparability for Agile Methodologies.
Continuum Theory of the Mechanics of Fibre-Reinforced Composites (1986)

The chapter on thermophysical properties, curtailed from that in the first edition, should be different by giving uniformly the latest internationally-agreed property data and by giving information for modern materials: e.g., Table 65, reproduced from the 1950's, includes in its "selected nonmetals" none of the polymers in widespread use in the 1980's.One may perhaps allow use of outdated material properties in an elementary text where they will be used only in exercises: but in a handbook I would hope to find the currently most accurate values.The page of references on Fickian interdiffusion coefficients could have been saved by citing T.
Acute Pulmonary Embolism (2008)

Acute pulmonary embolism may occur rapidly and unpredictably and may be difficult to diagnose. Treatment can reduce mortality, and appropriate primary prophylaxis is usually effective. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of acute pulmonary embolism of thrombotic origin.
Crystal structure of a bacterial ribonuclease P RNA (2005)

The x-ray crystal structure of a 417-nt ribonuclease P RNA from Bacillus stearothermophilus was solved to 3.3-A resolution. This RNA enzyme is constructed from a number of coaxially stacked helical domains joined together by local and long-range interactions. These helical domains are arranged to form a remarkably flat surface, which is implicated by a wealth of biochemical data in the binding and cleavage of the precursors of transfer RNA substrate. Previous photoaffinity crosslinking data are used to position the substrate on the crystal structure and to identify the chemically active site of the ribozyme. This site is located in a highly conserved core structure formed by intricately interlaced long-range interactions between interhelical sequences.
Grand Alliance HDTV multi-format scan converter (1995)

The paper describes the hardware implementation of the video scan converter for the Grand Alliance high definition television (GA-HDTV) system. GA-HDTV supports two basic video formats. One of the two formats is a progressive video and the other is interlaced video. The scan converter system converts between the two GA-HDTV video formats with seamless switching of input video. The paper also describes the treatment of interlaced video that originates from a film sequence (either 24 Hz or 30 Hz) for progressive scan conversion.
A real-time 1080p 2D-to-3D video conversion system (2011)

In this paper, we demonstrate a 2D-to-3D video conversion system capable of real-time 1920×1080p conversion. The proposed system generates 3D depth information by fusing cues from edge feature-based global scene depth gradient and texture-based local depth refinement. By combining the global depth gradient and local depth refinement, generated 3D images have comfortable and vivid quality, and algorithm has very low computational complexity. Software is based on a system with a multi-core CPU and a GPU. To optimize performance, we use several techniques including unified streaming dataflow, multi-thread schedule synchronization, and GPU acceleration for depth image-based rendering (DIBR). With proposed method, real-time 1920×1080p 2Dto- 3D video conversion running at 30fps is then achieved.
Organocatalytic Stereoisomerization versus Alkene Isomerization: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 1-Hydroxy-trans-2,5-diphenylphospholane 1-Oxide (2013)

The potential for an organocatalytic asymmetric stereoisomerization or alkene isomerization as atom-economic reaction with minimal structural change was investigated. The McCormack cycloaddition of 1,4-diarylbuta-1,3-dienes with (dialkylamino)dichlorophosphane and aluminum trichloride gives <i>meso</i>-2,5-diaryl-1-(dialkylamino)-1-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-phospholes, which were identified as suitable substrates for asymmetric isomerization to (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-2,5-diaryl-1-(dialkylamino)-1-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-phospholes in the presence of bifunctional organocatalysts (cinchona alkaloids, Takemoto catalyst) in up to 91% ee and quantitative yield. The substrate range and the mechanism of the catalysis were studied. The reaction involves proton abstraction by the base, but a primary deuterium KIE is absent. Enriched (1<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-1-(diethylamino)-1-oxo-2,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-phosphole was hydrolyzed to (5<i>R</i>)-1-hydroxy-1-oxo-2,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-phosphole, which was hydrogenated diastereoselectively under dissolving metal conditions to give (2<i>R</i>,5<i>R</i>)-1-hydroxy-1-oxo-2,5-diphenylphospholane (Fiaud’s acid) in preference to <i>meso</i>-1-hydroxy-1-oxo-2,5-diphenylphospholane. An asymmetric catalytic total synthesis of Fiaud’s acid, which is a building block for chiral phospholane synthesis, has been realized in five steps from thiophene, using nickel-catalyzed Wenkert arylation, McCormack cycloaddition, asymmetric dihydro-1<i>H</i>-phosphole isomerization, hydrolysis, and diastereo­selective hydrogenation.
Severe Community-Onset Pneumonia in Healthy Adults Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carrying the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes (2004)

To our knowledge, these patients represent the first reported North American adults with severe community-onset MRSA pneumonia caused by strains carrying the PVL genes.
New capabilities of OBIRCH method for fault localization and defect detection (2002)

We have improved the optical beam induced resistance change (OBIRCH) method so as to detect (1) a current path as small as 10-50 /spl mu/A from the rear side of a chip, (2) current paths in silicide lines as narrow as 0.2 /spl mu/m. (3) high-resistivity Ti-depleted polysilicon regions in 0.2 /spl mu/m wide silicide lines, and (4) high-resistivity amorphous thin layers as thin as a few nanometers at the bottoms of vias. All detections were possible even in observation areas as wide as 5 mm/spl times/5 mm. The physical causes of these detections were characterized by focused ion beam and transmission electron microscopy.
Role of innervation in the control of bone remodeling. (2004)

During the last fifteen years, an increasing number of studies have examined the origin, the ontogeny, and the distribution of nerve fibers in bone. They have also investigated the nature of neuromediators conveyed by these skeletal nerve fibers. Experimental models of sensory and sympathetic denervation and clinical studies have shown that these two neuronal systems are involved in bone development, growth and remodeling. More recently, some new concepts regarding the role of nerve fibers in bone physiology have emerged with the demonstration of a leptin-dependent central control of bone formation via the sympathetic system. This new neural regulating pathway of bone cell functions could have enormous implications for human skeletal biology and treatment of bone pathologies.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Mediates the Antifibrogenic Action of Ocimum bacilicum Essential Oil against CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats (2015)

The current investigation aimed to evaluate the antifibrogenic potential of Ocimum basilicum essential oil (OBE) and further to explore some of its underlying mechanisms. Three groups of rats were used: group I (control), group II (CCl4 model) and group III (OBE-treated) received CCl4 and OBE 2 weeks after the start of CCl4 administration. Oxidative damage was assessed by the measurement of MDA, NO, SOD, CAT, GSH and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Liver fibrosis was assessed histopathologically by Masson's trichrome staining and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunostaining. Expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and cytochrome P450 (CYP2EI isoform) was estimated using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. OBE successfully attenuated liver injury, as shown by histopathology, decreased serum transaminases and improved oxidative status of the liver. Reduced collagen deposition and α-SMA immuopositive cells indicated an abrogation of hepatic stellate cell activation by OBE. Furthermore, OBE was highly effective in stimulating HGF mRNA and protein expression and inhibiting CCl4-induced CYP2E1 down-regulation. The mechanism of antifibrogenic action of OBE is hypothesized to proceed via scavenging free radicals and activating liver regeneration by induction of HGF. These data suggest the use of OBE as a complementary treatment in liver fibrosis.
Effects of cryopreservation on subsets of fetal liver cells. (1993)

Human fetal livers from 6 to 13 weeks postconception were analysed before and after cryopreservation. The percentages of cell subsets, detected by MoAbs, did not change significantly after cryopreservation. Compared with BM, fetal liver contained significantly smaller subsets of cells identified by MoAbs, with two exceptions. Fetal liver contained a mean of 47% M5 positive cells versus 31% in BM, and there was no difference in the numbers of CD34+ cells. The colony-forming capacity was studied: 53 colonies grew from 10(5) cells from fresh fetal liver compared with 51 colonies from cryopreserved cells. For fresh BM the corresponding value was 88 per 10(5) cells. Incubation time for fetal stem cells was 17-18 days while the corresponding time for BM cells was 8-10 days.
Waveform Optimization for Transmit Beamforming With MIMO Radar Antenna Arrays (2014)

For coherent MIMO radar the optimal target signal processing can be achieved for any transmitted waveforms or radiation beam pattern, making transmit beamforming through waveform design possible without degrading target detection performance. In this work, an innovative waveform optimization approach termed phase-only variable metric method (POVMM) is proposed for coherent MIMO radar waveform design to form a desired transmit beam pattern such as one with radiation nulls in certain directions. The waveform design is carried out by minimizing the radiation powers of the MIMO radar antenna in the selected directions with optimization variables constrained to the waveform phases only. The gradient function of the cost function with regard to waveform phases is analytically derived for the optimization and the POVMM is developed based on the variable metric methods with a flexible search step sizing strategy for improving optimization efficiency. The proposed approach is validated with various designs and simulations.
Improving Cannabis Bud Quality and Yield with Subcanopy Lighting (2018)

The influence of light spectral quality on cannabis ( Cannabis sativa L.) development is not well defined. It stands to reason that tailoring light quality to the specific needs of cannabis may increase bud quality, consistency, and yield. In this study, C. sativa L. ‘WP:Med (Wappa)’ plants were grown with either no supplemental subcanopy lighting (SCL) (control), or with red/blue (“Red-Blue”) or red-green-blue (“RGB”) supplemental SCL. Both Red-Blue and RGB SCL significantly increased yield and concentration of total Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC) in bud tissue from the lower plant canopy. In the lower canopy, RGB SCL significantly increased concentrations of α-pinine and borneol, whereas both Red-Blue and RGB SCL increased concentrations of cis -nerolidol compared with the control treatment. In the upper canopy, concentrations of α-pinine, limonene, myrcene, and linalool were significantly greater with RGB SCL than the control, and cis -nerolidol concentration was significantly greater in both Red-Blue and RGB SCL treated plants relative to the control. Red-Blue SCL yielded a consistently more stable metabolome profile between the upper and lower canopy than RGB or control treated plants, which had significant variation in cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) concentrations between the upper and lower canopies. Overall, both Red-Blue and RGB SCL treatments significantly increased yield more than the control treatment, RGB SCL had the greatest impact on modifying terpene content, and Red-Blue produced a more homogenous bud cannabinoid and terpene profile throughout the canopy. These findings will help to inform growers in selecting a production light quality to best help them meet their specific production goals.
CO-LIQUEFACTION OF KUKERSITE OIL SHALE AND PINE WOOD IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER (2006)

Samples of kukersite oil shale and pine wood and their mixtures were liquefied with water in supercritical state in an autoclave.Chosen conditions (380 ºC, 4 h) give synergy to desired direction in all feed compositions: yields of solid residue and gas with pyrogenetic water were lower 1.7-2.0 and 1.4-2.0times, respectively, while the yield of the most expected component of oil -benzene solubles was -1.5-1.9 times higher than additive yields.Rise in co-liquefaction oil yields (y) resulted completely from the rise in the yield of the polar components and depended on the share of wood in feed (x) according to equation y = -0.0089x 2 + 0.6626x + 34.846 (R 2 0.97).