gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anetholtrithion Stabilizes Body Weight Fluctuation Caused by Excessive Water Drinking in a Patient With Schizophrenia (1999)

Article AbstractLetter to the EditorSir: Treatment approaches for schizophrenic patients manifesting severe polydipsia include changing antipsychotic drugs, changing drug dosage, and stopping anticholinergic drugs used to treat movement disorders. Antipsychotic drugs and smoking are thought to contribute to polydipsia in schizophrenia, but the exact cause remains unknown. Some schizophrenic patients are placed in isolation to restrict access to water and, thus, prevent dilutional hyponatremia and subsequent generalized seizures. We need better treatments for severe polydipsia in schizophrenia.
Teeth mobility measurement by laser Doppler vibrometer (1999)

In this work a new procedure for the assessment of teeth mobility, based on a noncontact sensor (laser Doppler vibrometer), is presented. The procedure is based on the manual application of impulses applied with an instrumented hammer on the tooth crown. The ratio of the maximum displacement of the tooth to the peak of the input force has been considered as the mobility degree index. A basic mechanical model of the hammer-tooth impact based on the data extracted from literature has been realized. Results produced with the model mentioned above have been compared with those measured with in vitro and in vivo tests using the proposed procedure. Good agreement between data from the mechanical model and in vitro conditions has been found. Tests carried out in in vitro and in vivo conditions have demonstrated the validity of the procedure proposed. Measurement results compared to those found in the relevant literature show the validity of the procedure proposed.
Bosentan, an orally active endothelin antagonist: effect on the renal response to contrast media. (1995)

Endothelin antagonists such as bosentan may be used to reduce the prevalence of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity.
The Infected Cell Protein 0 Encoded by Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (bICP0) Induces Degradation of Interferon Response Factor 3 and, Consequently, Inhibits Beta Interferon Promoter Activity (2007)

The ICP0 protein (bICP0) encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 is the major viral regulatory protein because it stimulates all viral promoters and, consequently, productive infection. Like other ICP0 analogues encoded by Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily members, bICP0 contains a zinc RING finger near its amino terminus that is necessary for activating transcription, regulating subcellular localization, and inhibiting interferon-dependent transcription. In this study, we discovered that sequences near the C terminus, and the zinc RING finger, are necessary for inhibiting the human beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter. In contrast to herpes simplex virus type 1-encoded ICP0, bICP0 reduces interferon response factor 3 (IRF3), but not IRF7, protein levels in transiently transfected cells. The zinc RING finger and sequences near the C terminus are necessary for bICP0-induced degradation of IRF3. A proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin, interfered with bICP0-induced degradation of IRF3, suggesting that bICP0, directly or indirectly, targets IRF3 for proteasome-dependent degradation. IRF3, but not IRF7, is not readily detectable in the nuclei of productively infected bovine cells during the late stages of infection. In the context of productive infection, IRF3 and IRF7 are detected in the nucleus at early times after infection. At late times after infection, IRF7, but not IRF3, is still detectable in the nuclei of infected cells. Collectively, these studies suggest that the ability of bICP0 to reduce IRF3 protein levels is important with respect to disarming the IFN response during productive infection.
Two powder stream diagnostics for laser deposition processes (1995)

The velocity, density, and mass flow of particles suspended in a subsonic gas stream are important aspects of plasma spray and laser deposition processes. This paper will focus on two optical diagnostic techniques applied to the metal powder streams out of a powder feeder and into a new nozzle developed specifically for such applications. An important characteristic of the new powder nozzle is that it produces a very small column (approximately 1 mm diameter) of powder which can be used for small focus laser deposition and cladding processes. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was applied to the nozzle’s output to better understand the kinetic parameters (velocity and spatial density) of exiting particles. Optical scattering of the powder stream was used to measure the total mass flow into the nozzle. Different light scattering detector scenarios applied to the input powder stream were used to identify signals useful for mass flow feedback control. Both of these techniques have the advantages of being fast, non-invasive diagnostics of the powder flow characteristics, and with a well established theoretical framework. Together, or individually, these diagnostics can provide real-time control or post-process analysis of the powder stream.
Identification of <i>in vivo</i> expressed vaccine candidate antigens from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2002)

For the design of potent subunit vaccines, it is of paramount importance to identify all antigens immunologically recognized by a patient population infected with a pathogen. We have developed a rapid and efficient procedure to identify such commonly recognized antigens, and here we provide a comprehensive in vivo antigenic profile of Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen. S. aureus peptides were displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli via fusion to one of two outer membrane proteins (LamB and FhuA) and probed with sera selected for high Ab titer and opsonic activity. A total of 60 antigenic proteins were identified, most of which are located or predicted to be located on the surface of the bacterium or secreted. The identification of these antigens and their reactivity with individual sera from patients and healthy individuals greatly facilitate the selection of promising vaccine candidates for further evaluation. This approach, which makes use of whole genome sequence information, has the potential to greatly accelerate and facilitate the formulation of novel vaccines and is applicable to any pathogen that induces Abs in humans and/or experimental animals.
Phase Angle and Handgrip Strength Are Sensitive Early Markers of Energy Intake in Hypophagic, Non-Surgical Patients at Nutritional Risk, with Contraindications to Enteral Nutrition (2015)

The assessment of nutritional intakes during hospitalization is crucial, as it is known that nutritional status tends to worsen during the hospital stay, and this can lead to the negative consequences of malnutrition. International guidelines recommend the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in hypophagic, non-surgical patients at nutritional risk, with contraindications to enteral nutrition. However, to date, there are no published data regarding either energy intake or objective measurements associated with it in this patient population. The aim of the present exploratory methodological study was to evaluate whether phase angle (PhA) and handgrip strength normalized for skeletal muscle mass (HG/SMM) are sensitive early markers of energy intake in hypophagic, non-surgical patients at nutritional risk, with contraindications to enteral nutrition. We evaluated 30 eligible patients, who were treated with personalized dietary modifications and supplemental PN for at least one week during hospitalization. In a liner regression model adjusted for age, gender, basal protein intake and the basal value of each variable, a trend toward improvement of PhA and preservation of HG/SMM was observed in patients satisfying the estimated calorie requirements (N = 20), while a significant deterioration of these parameters occurred in those who were not able to reach the target (N = 10). The mean adjusted difference and 95% CI were +1.4° (0.5-2.3) (p = 0.005) for PhA and +0.23 (0.20-0.43) (p = 0.033) for HG/SMM. A significant correlation between PhA and HG/SMM variations was also observed (r = 0.56 (95% CI, 0.23-0.77); p = 0.0023). PhA and HG/SMM were able to distinguish between hypophagic, non-surgical patients at nutritional risk who satisfied their estimated caloric requirements and those who did not after a one-week personalized nutritional support. Clinical studies are warranted, in order to verify these preliminary observations and to validate the role of PhA variations as early markers of anabolic/catabolic fluctuations.
An incremental approach to aesthetic graph layout (2002)

In CASE tools, software representations-dataflow diagrams and entity-relationship diagrams, for example-change or are changed interactively during software evolution. The displays of these representations should only change minimally so that the user can follow and validate the process. This can be achieved by having a layout approach that respects the current node positioning and draws new edges without disturbing any of the existing nodes or edges. New nodes may not overlap existing nodes and only cause any overlapped edges to be redrawn. This incremental graph layout problem is addressed here. A practical algorithm and its implementation, which efficiently routes edges according to the criteria of no node overlap and (heuristically) minimum crossings, bends, and length of edges, are discussed.
Brief communication. Turkish honeybees: genetic variation and evidence for a fourth lineage of Apis mellifera mtDNA (2000)

The mtDNA of bees from 84 colonies of Turkish honeybees (Apis mellifera) was surveyed for variation at four diagnostic restriction sites and the sequence of a noncoding intergenic region. These colonies came from 16 locations, ranging from European Turkey and the western Mediterranean coast to the Caucasus Mountains along the Georgian border, the eastern Lake Van region, and the extreme south. Combined restriction site and sequence data revealed four haplotypes. Three haplotypes belonged to the eastern Mediterranean mtDNA lineage. The fourth haplotype, which had a novel restriction site pattern and noncoding sequence, was found in samples from the extreme south, near the Syrian border. We found two different noncoding sequences among the eastern Mediterranean haplotypes. The "Caucasian" sequence matches that described from A. m. caucasica, and the "Anatolian" sequence matches that of A. m. carnica. The frequency of the "Caucasian" sequence was highest (98-100%) in sites near the Georgian border and decreased steeply to the south and west. Elsewhere the Anatolian sequence was found. In European Turkey (Thrace) a restriction site polymorphism previously reported from A. m. carnica in Austria and the Balkans was present at high frequency. A novel mtDNA haplotype with a unique restriction site pattern and noncoding sequence was found among bees from Hatay, in the extreme south near the Syrian border. This haplotype differed from the three previously known lineages of honeybee mtDNA--African, western European, and eastern Mediterranean-and may represent a fourth mitochondrial lineage.
A method for the rapid detection of recombinant CFTR during gene therapy in cystic fibrosis. (1996)

We developed an assay to detect wild-type CFTR in respiratory epithelial cells with the objective to evaluate the efficacy of DNA delivery during in vivo gene transfer. The method is based on the previous observation that the common delta F508-CFTR mutant does not reach the apical membrane as does the transgene product. We thus used a monoclonal antibody, MATG 1031, raised against the first extracellular loop sequence of the CFTR protein and an immunodetection protocol lacking premature fixation or permeabilization. Specificity of MATG 1031 for its epitope was controlled by immunoblotting. In HT29-19A, 184, CAPAN-1 human cell lines, and in respiratory primary cultures, staining with MATG 1031, examined by confocal scanning laser microscopy, appeared as small dots restricted to the apical surface. No such staining was observed in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, in the cystic fibrosis cell line CFPAC-1 or in primary cultures from cystic fibrosis patients. Apical immunostaining with MATG 1031 was restored in CFPAC-1 cells cultured at a low temperature (30 degrees C) and in CFPAC-1 cells transfected with wild-type CFTR Recombinant CFTR was also recognized in CF respiratory cells lipotransfected with wild-type CFTR plasmid DNA MATG 1031 immunostaining was further investigated under blinded conditions in primary cultures derived from nasal curettage. In all the cell cultures examined, our protocol allowed discrimination between non-CF and CF cells. We propose that this method is convenient to detect apical CFTR and may be used to monitor in vivo gene transfer.
Anomeric methyl 4-thio-D-arabinofuranosides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnomeric methyl 4-thio-D-arabinofuranosidesRoy L. Whistler, Ullal G. Nayak, and Arthur W. Perkins Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 2, 519–521Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00827a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00827a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Continuous Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Underlies Transcriptional Activation of PPARγ by FABP4 (2007)

FABP4 delivers specific ligands from the cytosol to the nuclear receptor PPARgamma in the nucleus, thereby facilitating the ligation and enhancing the transcriptional activity of the receptor. Here, we delineate the structural features that underlie the nucleocytoplasmic transport of FABP4. The primary sequence of FABP4 does not harbor a readily identifiable nuclear localization signal (NLS). However, such a signal could be found in the three-dimensional structure of the protein and was mapped to three basic residues that form a functional NLS stabilized by the FABP4/PPARgamma ligand troglitazone. We show that FABP4 is also subject to active nuclear export. Similarly to the NLS, the nuclear export signal (NES) is not apparent in the primary sequence, but assembles in the tertiary structure from three nonadjacent leucine residues to form a motif reminiscent of established NES. The data demonstrate that both nuclear export and nuclear import are critical for enabling FABP4 to enhance the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma. Additionally, the observations provide insight into the fundamental question of how proteins are activated by ligands. Such an activation may be understood by the "induced-fit" model, which states that ligand-induced conformational changes precede activation of a protein. Alternatively, the "pre-existing equilibrium" hypothesis postulates that activated conformations exist within the repertoire of apoproteins, and that ligands do not induce these but merely stabilize them. Studies of the subcellular localization of FABP4 support the validity of the "pre-existing equilibrium" model for the ligand-controlled activation of the nuclear import of FABP4.
Dynamic frequency sharing for radio-local area networks (1991)

The authors first give a description of the graph theoretic multiple access (GTMA) scheme. The way in which resource allocation is made adaptive to demand is explained in detail. Next, an important enhancement to the original scheme, which is then called GTMA/DUS is presented, where DUS means dynamic updating scheme. The delay/throughput performance of an R-LAN utilising GTMA and GTMA/DUS is investigated both by computer simulations and mathematical analysis, and the results are discussed. GTMA and GTMA/DUS were also compared with a static allocation method (SATDM), and other existing resource allocation methods. Results show that the graph theoretic schemes possess one of the best delay/throughput characteristics and perform especially well when traffic is time-varying and spatially non-uniform.
Marked Reduction in the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC) of .BETA.-Lactams in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Produced by Epicatechin Gallate, an Ingredient of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis). (1999)

We found that epicatechin gallate, a constituent of an extract of tea leaves (green tea) markedly lowered the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxacillin and other beta-lactams, but not of other antibacterial agents tested, in strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial action of epicatechin gallate plus oxacillin was a bactericidal one.
Solid‐state routes to tantalum nitrides (TaN, Ta<sub>3</sub>N<sub>5</sub>) (1994)

Metal nitrides are hard, durable refractory materials with a number of applications, including wear resistance, reflective coatings, and catalysts. Low‐energy approaches to the synthesis of these materials are a topic of current research. A new method for the preparation of tantalum nitride is presented which is a solid‐state reaction, a hybrid between the molecular precursor approach and a metathesis reaction.
Cloud Computing: Issues and Challenges (2010)

Many believe that Cloud will reshape the entire ICT industry as a revolution. In this paper, we aim to pinpoint the challenges and issues of Cloud computing. We first discuss two related computing paradigms - Service-Oriented Computing and Grid computing, and their relationships with Cloud computing. We then identify several challenges from the Cloud computing adoption perspective. Last, we will highlight the Cloud interoperability issue that deserves substantial further research and development.
X-Ray Lithography for Integrated Circuit Development and Manufacturing (1982)

X-ray lithography is a technology which has been waiting for a problem to solve that is tougher than its own problems. Development of X-ray lithography dates from the early 1970's [1]--[3] and since that time, improvements in resolution of optical and near UV projection aligners and step-and-repeat systems have kept pace with processing ability for fabrication of smaller components in silicon integrated circuits (IC's). However, 1 µm or smaller features are now a design requirement for semiconductor integrated circuits (SIC's) which will have a significant performance advantage over current manufacture [4], [5]. In addition practical means for fabricating high quality X-ray masks have been found [6] along with sensitive resists and resist systems which are designed for reactive ion etching (RIE) processes [7], [8]. Reliable, economical, and long-lived X-ray sources have also been developed, [9], thus enabling us to design and build X-ray exposure tools for SIC and other fabrication. In this paper the X-ray lithography system developed at Bell Laboratories will be described along with evaluation of its use in a laboratory SIC fabrication facility. Projections for future developments in X-ray lithography will be given.
Simvastatin and t-butylhydroquinone suppress KLF1 and BCL11A gene expression and additively increase fetal hemoglobin in primary human erythroid cells (2012)

Simvastatin and tBHQ suppress KLF1 and BCL11 gene expression and additively increase fetal hemoglobin in primary human erythroid cells. Because both drugs are FDA-approved, these findings could lead to clinical trials in the relatively near future.
Enhancing 802.11 DCF MAC for TCP/IP communication (2005)

In this paper, we focus on the overhead caused by the conflict between TCP/IP and IEEE 802.11 technologies and propose two schemes: partial retransmission and ACK suppression to alleviate this issue. Our schemes can improve communication performance and error resiliency simultaneously in TCP/IP communication over 802.11 networks. Because our schemes require modification only to the IEEE 802.11 DCF and do not require any modification in IP or higher layers, users can use these schemes by replacing the 802.11 interfaces or device drivers of mobile machines and 802.11 access points. This means that the deployment issue of our scheme will be minor compared to the other solutions that require modifications of TCP/IP protocols or applications. Furthermore, the design of our schemes are quite simple so that they can be used in low CPU power devices, which is an important factor for mobile devices.
Self-assembled InAs-GaAs quantum-dot intersubband detectors (1999)

The use of self-assembled InAs-GaAs quantum dots in photoconductive intersubband detectors in the far-infrared is presented. Far-infrared absorption is observed in self-assembled quantum dots in the 6-18-/spl mu/m range for subband-subband and subband-continuum transitions. Photoconductive quantum-dot intersubband detectors were fabricated and demonstrate tunable operating wavelengths between 6-18 /spl mu/m using subband-subband or subband-continuum transitions. The use of AlAs barriers allows further tuning to shorter wavelengths of 3-7 /spl mu/m. Subband-continuum quantum dot intersubband detectors show encouraging normal incidence performance characteristics at T=40 K, with responsivities of 10-100 mA/W, detectivities of 1-10 /spl times/10/sup 9/ cm/spl middot/Hz/sup 1/2//W and large photoconductive gain up to g=12 for a ten-layer quantum-dot heterostructure. With improvements in device structure, self-assembled quantum dots can be expected to provide intrinsic normal incidence broad-band detectors with advantages over quantum wells.
Finding regulatory elements and regulatory motifs: a general probabilistic framework (2007)

Over the last two decades a large number of algorithms has been developed for regulatory motif finding. Here we show how many of these algorithms, especially those that model binding specificities of regulatory factors with position specific weight matrices (WMs), naturally arise within a general Bayesian probabilistic framework. We discuss how WMs are constructed from sets of regulatory sites, how sites for a given WM can be discovered by scanning of large sequences, how to cluster WMs, and more generally how to cluster large sets of sites from different WMs into clusters. We discuss how 'regulatory modules', clusters of sites for subsets of WMs, can be found in large intergenic sequences, and we discuss different methods for ab initio motif finding, including expectation maximization (EM) algorithms, and motif sampling algorithms. Finally, we extensively discuss how module finding methods and ab initio motif finding methods can be extended to take phylogenetic relations between the input sequences into account, i.e. we show how motif finding and phylogenetic footprinting can be integrated in a rigorous probabilistic framework. The article is intended for readers with a solid background in applied mathematics, and preferably with some knowledge of general Bayesian probabilistic methods. The main purpose of the article is to elucidate that all these methods are not a disconnected set of individual algorithmic recipes, but that they are just different facets of a single integrated probabilistic theory.