gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Nucleocapsid Protein in Complex with Suramin Reveals Therapeutic Potential (2013)

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus (SFTSV). Lack of vaccines and inadequate therapeutic treatments have made the spread of the virus a global concern. Viral nucleocapsid protein (N) is essential for its transcription and replication. Here, we present the crystal structures of N from SFTSV and its homologs from Buenaventura (BUE) and Granada (GRA) viruses. The structures reveal that phleboviral N folds into a compact core domain and an extended N-terminal arm that mediates oligomerization, such as tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer of N assemblies. Structural superimposition indicates that phleboviral N adopts a conserved architecture and uses a similar RNA encapsidation strategy as that of RVFV-N. The RNA binding cavity runs along the inner edge of the ring-like assembly. A triple mutant of SFTSV-N, R64D/K67D/K74D, almost lost its ability to bind RNA in vitro, is deficient in its ability to transcribe and replicate. Structural studies of the mutant reveal that both alterations in quaternary assembly and the charge distribution contribute to the loss of RNA binding. In the screening of inhibitors Suramin was identified to bind phleboviral N specifically. The complex crystal structure of SFTSV-N with Suramin was refined to a 2.30-Å resolution. Suramin was found sitting in the putative RNA binding cavity of SFTSV-N. The inhibitory effect of Suramin on SFTSV replication was confirmed in Vero cells. Therefore, a common Suramin-based therapeutic approach targeting SFTSV-N and its homologs could be developed for containing phleboviral outbreaks.
Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of the CBI-PDE-I-dimer, a benzannelated analog of (+)-CC-1065 that also produces delayed toxicity in mice (1993)

A practical synthesis of CBI (2) was developed and applied to the synthesis of benzannelated analogs of CC-1065, including CBI-PDE-I-dimer (13) and CBI-bis-indole [(+)-A'BC]. The CBI-PDE-I-dimer was shown to have similar DNA sequence selectivity and structural effects on DNA as (+)-CC-1065. Of particular importance was the observed duplex winding effect that has been associated with the pyrrolidine ring of the nonalkylated subunits of (+)-CC-1065 and possibly correlated with its delayed toxicity effects. The effect of CBI-PDE-I-dimer was also compared to (+)-CC-1065 in the inhibition of duplex unwinding by helicase II and nick sealing by T4 ligase and found to be quantitatively similar. The in vitro and in vivo potencies of the CBI compounds corresponded very closely to the corresponding CPI derivatives. Finally, CBI-PDE-I-dimer was like (+)-CC-1065 in causing delayed toxicity in mice.
Correction: Integrated Proteomic Analysis of Human Cancer Cells and Plasma from Tumor Bearing Mice for Ovarian Cancer Biomarker Discovery (2009)

The complexity of the human plasma proteome represents a substantial challenge for biomarker discovery. Proteomic analysis of genetically engineered mouse models of cancer and isolated cancer cells and cell lines provide alternative methods for identification of potential cancer markers that would be detectable in human blood using sensitive assays. The goal of this work is to evaluate the utility of an integrative strategy using these two approaches for biomarker discovery.
Control of Isoleucine, Valine, and Leucine Biosynthesis VI. Effect of 5′,5′,5′-Trifluoroleucine on Repression in <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (1969)

The leucine analogue 5',5',5',-trifluoroleucine (fluoroleucine) replaced leucine for repression of the isoleucine-valine biosynthetic enzymes in Salmonella typhimurium. In contrast, the analogue had no effect on derepression of the leucine biosynthetic enzymes in leucine auxotrophs grown on limiting amounts of leucine. The effect of fluoroleucine on repression appeared to be specific for leucine since derepression of the isoleucine-valine enzymes due to an isoleucine or valine limitation was not affected by the analogue. The prevention of derepression by fluoroleucine was probably due to repression and not to the formation of false proteins, since the analogue had no effect on the derepression of a number of enzymes unrelated to the isoleucine-valine pathway. Fluoroleucine was able to attach to leucine transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) as evidenced by the ability of the analogue to protect about 70% of leucine tRNA from oxidation by periodate. We propose that the differential effects of fluoroleucine on repression are due to differences in the ability of the analogue to bind to the various species of leucine tRNA.
RanBP1 is crucial for the release of RanGTP from importin β‐related nuclear transport factors (1997)

Nucleocytoplasmic transport appears mediated by shuttling transport receptors that bind RanGTP as a means to regulate interactions with their cargoes. The receptor-RanGTP complexes are kinetically very stable with nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis being blocked, predicting that a specific disassembly mechanism exists. Here we show in three cases receptor RanGTP x RanBP1 complexes to be the key disassembly intermediates, where RanBP1 stimulates the off-rate at the receptor/RanGTP interface by more than two orders of magnitude. The transiently released RanGTP x RanBP1 complex is then induced by RanGAP to hydrolyse GTP, preventing the receptor to rebind RanGTP. The efficient release of importin beta from RanGTP requires importin alpha, in addition to RanBP1.
Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Management: Overview and Trends (2011)

Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Management: Overview and Trends Artificial intelligence techniques offer powerful tools for the development of knowledge management systems. Since the early 2000s, no survey describing the use of artificial intelligence capabilities in knowledge management tasks has been conducted. This paper gathers and organizes latest achievements of artificial intelligence in dealing with knowledge management issues. Accomplishment of previously set objectives in this field has been studied.
Grouping connected components using minimal path techniques. Application to reconstruction of vessels in 2D and 3D images (2005)

We address the problem of finding a set of contour curves in a 2D or 3D image. We consider the problem of perceptual grouping and contour completion, where the data is an unstructured set of regions in the image. A new method to find complete curves from a set of edge points is presented. Contours, are found as minimal paths between connected components, using the fast marching algorithm. We find the minimal paths between each of these components, until the complete set of these "regions" is connected. The paths are obtained using backpropagation from the saddle points to both components. We then extend this technique to 3D. The data is a set of connected components in a 3D image. We find 3D minimal paths that link together these components. Using a potential based on vessel detection, we illustrate the capability of our approach to reconstruct tree structures in a 3D medical image dataset.
Taking chemistry to the task (2011)

Nowadays, the information access is conducted almost exclusively using the Web. Simple keyword based Web search engines, e.g. Google or Yahoo!, offer suitable retrieval and ranking features. In contrast, for highly specialized domains, represented by digital libraries, these features are insufficient. Considering the domain of chemistry, where searching for relevant literature is essentially centered on chemical entities. Beside commercial information providers such as Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) numerous groups are working on building free chemical search engines to overcome the expensive access to chemical literature. However, due to the nature of chemical queries these are often overspecialized. Often we need meaningful similarity measures for chemical entities for query relaxation. In chemistry, the similarity measures are vast; more than 40 similarity measures are available and focus on different aspects of chemical entities. This vast number of similarity measures is obvious, because the desired search results highly depend on the working field of the chemist. In this paper we present a personalized retrieval system for chemical documents taking into account the background knowledge of the individual chemist. This is done by a query relaxation for chemical entities using similar substances. We evaluate our approach extensively by analyzing the correlation of commonly used chemical similarity measures and fingerprint representations. All uncorrelated measures are finally used by our feedback engine to learn preferred similarity measures for each user. We also conducted a user study with domain experts showing that our system can assign a unique similarity measure for 75% of the users after only 10 feedback cycles.
RENAL ALLOGRAFT REJECTION (1991)

A continuous line of human kidney epithelial cells was cultured to confluency on porous membranes, and the formation of intercellular tight junctions was monitored by measuring increases in the trans-monolayer electrical resistance. Typical monolayers developed functioning tight junctions within 4 days of culture and showed an increase in resistance of 1840 +/- 440 ohms (mean +/- SD; n = 5) at this time. Conventional 51Cr release assays showed that suspended kidney cells were lysed by specific antibody and complement but were relatively resistant to lysis mediated by lymphokine-activated killer cells. However, when antibody and complement or LAK cells were added to functioning kidney cell monolayers the electrical resistance of the monolayers was rapidly reduced in both cases. In the absence of trans-monolayer resistance the ion gradients essential for renal tubular function will not be supported. These results indicate that the ability of a cytotoxic effector cell to liberate 51Cr from suspended kidney cells may not be a sensitive assay for the ability of these effector cells to impair the function of structured kidney cell monolayers. It is possible that significant kidney dysfunction may occur during renal allograft rejection by failure of trans-epithelium resistance in the absence of widespread epithelial cell lysis.
High temperature corrosion of alloys containing rare earth or refractory elements: a review of current knowledge and possible future developments (1983)

The beneficial effects of minor (≤1%) additions of rare earth/reactive elements on the oxidation of HT alloys have been known for many years. Much interest has recently centred on the influence of certain refractory elements present at levels of several weight percent in a number of such alloys. The reasons why minor additions of these reactive elements, especially the rare earths, have beneficial effects have been the subject of systematic studies over the past 10–15 years. Ideas have been influenced by the understanding of the mechanisms of the development of protective chromia or alumina scales; in particular, the role such additions play in assisting the more rapid nucleation and growth of oxides on HT alloys, reducing the period of transient oxidation and the earlier attainment of steady-state scaling conditions. Much attention has also been paid to the mechanisms whereby such additions appear to promote improved scale adherence.The various theories of high temperature corrosion of such alloys and supporting experimental evidence are reviewed in this paper. The reported information concerning the beneficial role or otherwise of the refractory metals, particularly with respect to hot corrosion in gas turbines, is appraised. Attention is drawn to the potentially beneficial effects of additions of certain of these Group III-VI elements in the development of novel alloys or coatings to resist corrosion in the complex environments of low oxygen potential, which occur in plants to produce synthetic natural gas from oil or coal. Areas for further research are also identified.
Flexibility and velocity of the normal and impaired lumbar spine. (1986)

Trunk mobility, as defined by trunk angle, has long been considered an acceptable means to evaluate the degree of impairment in patients with low back pain (LBP). However, biomechanically, there is reason to believe that patients with LBP may exhibit significant sensitivity to trunk velocity of motion as well as angular mobility factors. An experiment was performed to study the trunk action of patients with LBP and of a normal control group. A lumbar monitor was used to monitor both trunk angle range and trunk velocity. The results indicate significant differences between the two groups for both angle and velocity measures. However, the velocity measure revealed more dramatic difference between groups and was the only parameter that was capable of distinguishing between the particular experimental tasks for both LBP and normal groups. Thus, it is suggested that trunk velocity be used as a quantitative measure of low back disorder and that it be used as a means to monitor the rehabilitative progress of patients with LBP.
Como pesquisam os mestrandos? Uma reflexão sobre os métodos científicos utilizados na pesquisa em administração de empresas (2017)

O metodo cientifico, em conjunto com a capacidade humana de raciocinar, capacita o ser humano na busca por algum tipo de verdade. Ou seja, o metodo evidencia a forma como os dados serao coletados e, posteriormente, rigorosamente analisados, de forma a garantir a replicacao do estudo por parte de pesquisadores interessados. Ao mesmo tempo, a extensao dos construtos e dos conceitos que compoem o metodo cientifico faz com que sua analise normalmente requeira algum tipo de compartimentalizacao que lhe facilite a analise. A presente pesquisa estudou os metodos cientificos utilizados em 266 dissertacoes dos programas de pos-graduacao da area de Administracao de Empresas da Ebape-FGV e da Coppead–UFRJ no trienio 2012-14. Tendo-se limitado as informacoes explicitamente colocadas a respeito pelos respectivos autores no que tange a metodo cientifico, abordagem, finalidade(s) do estudo, e meio(s) do estudo, o levantamento apontou elevada tendencia a omissao dessas informacoes. Dentre as dissertacoes que as explicitaram, a maior parte utilizou abordagem qualitativa, com finalidade exploratoria, e lancando mao da pesquisa de campo e da pesquisa bibliografica como meios. Esses resultados foram utilizados como base para uma reflexao mais profunda sobre a propriedade das tipologias tradicionalmente adotadas na qualificacao metodologica.
A1: spreadsheet-based scripting for developing web tools (2005)

A1 is a Java-based spreadsheet environment that enables system administrators to build small tools that simplify and automate common tasks, integrating real-time data across heterogeneous systems. A1 spreadsheets can be saved to a central repository, where they are published and shared as interactive web portlets. In this paper, we discuss the need for administrators to create their own tools, how the A1 environment is designed to support this need, and how A1’s support for web publishing – without requiring special web programming – can enable teams to share, modify, and improve their tools. We also discuss the design and implementation of A1, and show a number of sample spreadsheets for various administration tasks.
Assessment of carcinogenic volatile N-nitrosamines in tobacco and in mainstream and sidestream smoke from cigarettes. (1977)

<p>There is much focus on timing error resilience for the speed critical paths of processors. In the context of growing parameter variations with technology scaling and voltage scaling, resilience helps to ensure functional correctness. Moreover it allows the chip to stretch its operating voltage and frequency beyond the conventional limits to meet the demand for high performance and low power. Conventionally, timing error resilience is achieved through variation tolerant circuitry at the cost of undesirable power, area and throughput overheads. Such overheads are aggravated by the presence of large number of critical timing paths in the design. In this paper, we propose a slack-aware timing margin redistribution technique for error resilience using time borrowing error avoidance flip-flops (EAFFs) while minimizing overheads. The proposed algorithm designs the processor critical paths ground up by inserting EAFFs at places where positive slack is available in the subsequent fan-out stage. Experiment results on an industrial processor design show that a timing margin improvement of 11% of the clock period can be achieved on 64% of the critical paths and a 55% timing margin on 45% of the critical paths without any throughput degradation. The area and power overheads of the additional flip-flops are 0.2% and 5.4%, respectively.</p>
Intraoperative MR imaging increases the extent of tumor resection in patients with high-grade gliomas. (1999)

Intraoperative MR imaging significantly increases the rate of complete tumor removal. The rate of complete removal of all enhancing tumor parts was only 36.6% when neuronavigation alone was used, which suggests the benefits of intraoperative imaging.
Mobile biosensing using the sensing capabilities of smartphone cameras (2017)

This invited presentation will review approaches and recent progress by the Nano Sensors Group at the University of Illinois in which the sensing, image processing, and communication capabilities of smartphones are used in a variety of point-of-use detection settings for health diagnostics, and fraudulent drug sensing.
Chiral synthesis via organoboranes. 14. Selective reductions. 41. Diisopinocampheylchloroborane, an exceptionally efficient chiral reducing agent (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChiral synthesis via organoboranes. 14. Selective reductions. 41. Diisopinocampheylchloroborane, an exceptionally efficient chiral reducing agentHerbert C. Brown, J. Chandrasekharan, and P. V. RamachandranCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 5, 1539–1546Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00213a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00213a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4423Altmetric-Citations288LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Observations and lessons learned from automated testing (2005)

This report addresses some of our observations made in a dozen of projects in the area of software testing, and more specifically, in automated testing. It documents, analyzes and consolidates what we consider to be of interest to the community. The major findings can be summarized in a number of lessons learned, covering test strategy, testability, daily integration, and best practices.The report starts with a brief description of five sample projects. Then, we discuss our observations and experiences and illustrate them with the sample projects. The report concludes with a synopsis of these experiences and with suggestions for future test automation endeavors.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Triarylamines from Aryl Halides and Diarylamines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Antiallergic Effects of ZCR-2060: Effect on Allergic Cutaneous Reactions and Rhinitis Models in Mice and Rats (1994)

The antiallergic action of 2-[2-[4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-piperadinyl] ethoxy] benzoic acid maleate (ZCR-2060) was investigated on allergic cutaneous reactions and nasal vascular permeability in mice and rats. ZCR-2060 markedly inhibited immediate allergic cutaneous reactions, including passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats and mice; histamine-, compound 48/80- and calcium ionophore A 23187-induced cutaneous reactions in rats; and biphasic skin reactions mediated by monoclonal IgE antibody and epicutaneous challenge with antigen in mice, but did not affect 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced cutaneous reaction in rats. The antigen-induced nasal vascular permeability increase in actively and passively sensitized rats and histamine-induced nasal vascular permeability increase in rats (allergic rhinitis model) were clearly inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by ZCR-2060. Moreover, ZCR-2060 significantly inhibited antigen-induced anaphylactic histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. These results suggest that ZCR-2060 has antiallergic effects on allergic cutaneous reactions and experimental rhinitis, probably due to histamine H1-receptor blockage and the inhibition of histamine release.
Motility and growth of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells during <i>ex vivo</i> expansion in autologous serum (2005)

Human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells have an important role in the repair of musculoskeletal tissues by migrating from the bone marrow into the injured site and undergoing differentiation. We investigated the use of autologous human serum as a substitute for fetal bovine serum in the ex vivo expansion medium to avoid the transmission of dangerous transfectants during clinical reconstruction procedures. Autologous human serum was as effective in stimulating growth of bone-marrow stem cells as fetal bovine serum. Furthermore, medium supplemented with autologous human serum was more effective in promoting motility than medium with fetal bovine serum in all cases. Addition of B-fibroblast growth factor to medium with human serum stimulated growth, but not motility. Our results suggest that autologous human serum may provide sufficient ex vivo expansion of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells possessing multidifferentiation potential and may be better than fetal bovine serum in preserving high motility.
Organosolv pretreatment of plant biomass for enhanced enzymatic saccharification (2015)

Pretreatments of lignocellulosic biomass for enhanced enzymatic saccharification with different types of organic solvents are compared and reviewed.