gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mars500-experiment "6df" - A teaching and testing approach - First Results. (2011)

Manual control of moving objects in weightlessness requires the operator to consider six degrees of freedom (6df) for simultaneous movement.This paper presents the current state of an on-going project aimed at the development and evaluation of a self-sufficient education and training tool with embedded psycho-diagnostic features.The learning program is presently still at the level of a prototype.Training success was assessed applying after the training phase a former version of the Russian standard trainer software for docking (experiment PILOT) with a sophisticated analysis of performance.The first implementation of this tool was tested during the 105-day pre-study phase and the 520-day phase of the Mars500 project (Moscow, IMBP).In both study phases, three of the six subjects were untrained in docking maneuvers.During the 105-day phase, two of the three subjects became successful in docking training.In the 520-day phase, the subjects discontinued using the 6df-trainer already after 200 days, and resumed with the Russian docking trainer.Only one of them was reliably successful in docking.However, the results are promising enough to continue this ambitious development, including the embedded testing of fundamental psychological aspects.
Structural variation of donor–acceptor copolymers containing benzodithiophene with bithienyl substituents to achieve high open circuit voltage in bulk heterojunction solar cells (2013)

Three new donor–acceptor copolymers P1, P2, and P3 were synthesized with benzodithiophene with bithienyl substituents as the donor and 5,6-difluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole, 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole, and 5,6-difluoro-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole as the acceptors, respectively. The insertion of thiophene spacer between the donor and the acceptor broadened the absorption of the polymers P2 and P3 and resulted in a red shift of ∼30 nm as compared to that of the polymer P1. However, the inclusion of fluorine atoms on the polymer had detrimental effects on the photovoltaic properties of the polymers. The synthesized donor–acceptor polymers were tested in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) acceptor. Polymer P2 gave a PCE of 3.52% with PC71BM in which the active layer was prepared in chloroform with 3% v/v 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) additive. The effect of fluorine substitution and thiophene group insertion on the UV/Vis absorbance, photovoltaic performances, morphology, and charge carrier mobilities for the polymers are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationship of Novel Glycylcycline Derivatives Leading to the Discovery of GAR‐936. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Exogenous Arachidonic Acid Promotes Insulin Release From Intact or Permeabilized Rat Islets by Dual Mechanisms: Putative Activation of Ca2+ Mobilization and Protein Kinase C (1988)

A number of indirect studies suggest a role for endogenous arachidonic acid (AA) in pancreatic islet function. To probe the effects of this fatty acid, AA and other polyunsaturated fatty acids were exogenously provided in Ca2+-free medium to avoid the formation of insoluble or impermeant Ca2+-arachidonate complexes. Concentrations of AA of greater than or equal to 3 microM induced potent and sustained but reversible 45Ca efflux from prelabeled intact (or digitonin-permeabilized) islets; AA also induced insulin release at somewhat higher concentrations. Other unsaturated fatty acids (erucic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic acids) were generally less active than AA itself, indicating a structure-function relationship. The effects of AA were saturable, were inhibitable by cooling, and were not accompanied in parallel by 51Cr release or trypan blue retention, suggesting a nontoxic mechanism. At low concentrations (3.3-16 microM), at which AA does not stimulate insulin release, AA-induced 45Ca efflux was not reduced by pretreatment with ionomycin (to deplete membrane-bound Ca2+ stores), suggesting stimulation of Ca2+ extrusion through the plasma membrane. At higher concentrations (greater than or equal to 25 microM), at which AA promotes insulin release, further Ca2+ efflux was stimulated, which was blunted by pretreatment with ionomycin (as well as by trifluoperazine). Conversely, pretreatment with AA obliterated the effects of ionomycin (3 microM) on cellular Ca2+ mobilization. Thus, AA also mobilizes Ca2+ from intracellular organelles, leading to a rise in free cytosolic Ca2+ (as previously reported). AA-induced 45Ca efflux and insulin release were independent of the presence of extracellular Na+ and did not require the oxygenation of AA. Dose-response curves comparing 45Ca efflux and insulin secretion suggested that AA also stimulates hormone release by at least one other mechanism in addition to Ca2+ mobilization. This second stimulatory effect of AA could be seen in digitonin-permeabilized islets, where changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration were vitiated by EGTA-containing buffers. Such secretion was also saturable and was inhibited by cooling or by spermine (which inhibits protein kinase C in the islet). Furthermore, AA-induced secretion from either intact or permeabilized islets was blunted by prolonged pretreatment of islets with a phorbol ester to deplete them of protein kinase C. Thus, exogenous arachidonic acid seems to be a complete secretagogue, having stimulatory effects both on Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+-related secretory processes, putatively the activation of protein kinase C.
THERMAL CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS (2012)

We started with a conventional steadystate direct method to measure thermal contact resistances (TCR) of Cu/Cu, SS304/SS304 and Al2O3 /Al2O3, but later found that it is not applied to measure the TCR of thin test pieces. In the study of thermal resistance of the interface materials with graphite sheets and gel sheets with the direct method, we found that graphite sheet can decrease TCR at high contact pressure but not at low contact pressure while a gel sheet has a constant thermal resistance in both vacuum and atmospheric pressure This led us to develop an indirect method which can measure TCR without inserting temperature sensors into the test pieces. The indirect method was successfully applied to measure the TCR of Cu/Cu. In order to completely remove the additional TCRs introduced in the indirect method, we developed a new method by attaching additional temperature sensors directly onto the backsides of the test pieces. The TCR of Si/Al2O3 was measured with the new method. Both the indirect method and the new method can be used to measure the TCR of thin test pieces.
Applying collaborative filtering techniques to movie search for better ranking and browsing (2006)

In general web search engines, such as Google and Yahoo! Search, document relevance for the given query and item authority are two major components of the ranking system. However, many information search tools in ecommerce sites ignore item authority in their ranking systems. In part, this may stem from the relative difficulty of generating item authorities due to the different characteristics of documents (or items) between ecommerce sites and the web. Links between documents in an ecommerce site often represent relationship rather than recommendation. For example, two documents (items) are connected since both are produced by the same company. We propose a new ranking method, which combines recommender systems with information search tools for better search and browsing. Our method uses a collaborative filtering algorithm to generate personal item authorities for each user and combines them with item proximities for better ranking. To demonstrate our approach, we build a prototype movie search engine called MAD6 (Movies, Actors and Directors; 6 degrees of separation).
Facile Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoplates Consisting of Pd Cores and Pt Shells through Seeded Epitaxial Growth (2008)

Pd-Pt core-shell nanoplates with hexagonal and triangular shapes were synthesized through the heterogeneous, epitaxial growth of Pt on Pd nanoplates. The Pd nanoplates were synthesized by reducing Na2PdCl4 precursor with PVP as a reducing agent, which then served as seeds for the nucleation of Pt atoms formed by reducing H2PtCl6 with citric acid. Characterization of the as-prepared Pd-Pt nanoplates by scanning transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that a thin, uniform Pt shell was formed around the Pd nanoplate, demonstrating the layer-by-layer epitaxial growth of Pt on Pd surface in this approach. The close lattice match between Pd and Pt (lattice mismatch of only 0.77%) and the slow reduction rate associated with the mild reducing power of citric acid play key roles in achieving the epitaxial growth of Pt shells on Pd nanoplates.
Features of replicative senescence induced by direct addition of antennapedia‐p16<sup>INK4A</sup> fusion protein to human diploid fibroblasts (1998)

The p16INK4A cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor is now recognized as a major tumor suppressor that is inactivated by a variety of mechanisms in a wide range of human cancers. It is also implicated in the mechanisms underlying replicative senescence since p16INK4A RNA and protein accumulate as cells approach their proscribed limit of population doublings in tissue culture. To obtain further evidence of its role in senescence, we have sought ways of overexpressing p16INK4A in primary human diploid fibroblasts (HDF). To circumvent the low transfection efficiency of primary cells we have exploited a recombinant form of the full-length p16INK4A protein fused to a 16 amino acid peptide from the Drosophila antennapedia protein. This peptide has the capacity to cross both cytoplasmic and nuclear membranes allowing the direct introduction of the active protein to primary cells. Here, we show that antennapedia-tagged wild-type p16INK4A protein, but not a functionally compromised tumor-specific variant, causes G1 arrest in early passage HDFs by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein. Significantly, the arrested cells display several phenotypic features that are considered characteristic of senescent cells. These data support a role for p16INK4A in replicative senescence and raise the possibility of using the antennapedia-tagged protein therapeutically.
Advancing Computational Reproducibility in the Dataverse Data Repository Platform (2020)

Recent reproducibility case studies have raised concerns showing that much of the deposited research has not been reproducible. One of their conclusions was that the way data repositories store research data and code cannot fully facilitate reproducibility due to the absence of a runtime environment needed for the code execution. New specialized reproducibility tools provide cloud-based computational environments for code encapsulation, thus enabling research portability and reproducibility. However, they do not often enable research discoverability, standardized data citation, or long-term archival like data repositories do. This paper addresses the shortcomings of data repositories and reproducibility tools and how they could be overcome to improve the current lack of computational reproducibility in published and archived research outputs.
Regulation of cell migration by amphoterin (2000)

Amphoterin, a major form of HMG (high mobility group) 1 proteins, is highly expressed in immature and malignant cells. A role in cell motility is suggested by the ability of amphoterin to promote neurite extension through RAGE (receptor of advanced glycation end products), an immunoglobulin superfamily member that communicates with the GTPases Cdc42 and Rac. We show here that cell contact with the laminin matrix induces accumulation of both amphoterin mRNA and protein close to the plasma membrane, which is accompanied by extracellular export of amphoterin. A role for amphoterin in extracellular matrix-dependent cell regulation is further suggested by the finding that specific decrease of amphoterin mRNA and protein, using antisense oligonucleotides transfected into cells, inhibits cell migration to laminin in a transfilter assay whereas the oligonucleotides in the culture medium have no effect. Moreover, affinity-purified anti-amphoterin antibodies inhibit cell migration to laminin, supporting an extracellular role for the endogenous amphoterin in cell motility. The finding that amphoterin expression is more pronounced in cells with a motile phenotype as compared to cells of dense cultures, is consistent with the results of the cell migration assays. Our results strongly suggest that amphoterin is a key player in the migration of immature and transformed cells.
Prototyping, Domain Specific Language, and Testing (2008)

Prototyping is a technique widely used in many engineering fields. However, in software engineering, its usage is limited to requirement elicitation. Little research has been done to extend prototyping to other software development activities. In this paper, we present a prototyping-based testing model and describe how to apply prototyping to the testing activities in the entire software development process. In this model, testing of the product is performed against the prototype in every phase of software development. This prototyping-based testing model is then used in a case study to show how domain specific languages can be used to support prototyping-based testing.
Extra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation (2005)

EAB counterpulsation augments coronary flow and reduces left ventricular afterload. Further testing is warranted to assess the use of the EAB for chronic non-blood-contacting support of the failing heart.
Ir-coated dispenser cathode for CRT (1990)

A compact dispenser cathode has been developed for application to cathode ray tubes (CRTs). A cathode emitter, comprising BaO, CaO, and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ in a molar ratio of 4:1:1, was impregnated into a porous tungsten pellet. An intermetallic compound of tungsten and iridium was formed on the cathode pellet. Heater ratings were 6.3 V*0.2 A. Emission characteristics were measured by using color CRTs. As a result, a cathode peak loading of 15 A/cm/sup 2/ was ensured in the space-charge region. Furthermore, life tests with a peak loading of 7.5 A/cm/sup 2/ were conducted over 10000 h. The decrease in emission current after 10000 h was within only 10% of the initial value. Reliability of cathode performance was assured in terms of breakdown potential between the heater and the cathode, emission characteristics, life performance, grid emission, and the drift in cutoff potential. In addition, the effects of the coating thickness on the emission characteristics are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adaptive User Cooperation with HARQ for the Uplink of a Turbo-Coded System (2007)

Coded cooperation has been proposed to increase the diversity or cell coverage in the uplink of a cellular network. In the method, a relay transmits incremental redundancy (IR) of the source's codeword in cooperation stage. However, for a turbo coded system, IR is not always a best way especially when the first code segment is corrupted badly. Thus, we propose an adaptive cooperation method using different HARQ schemes by estimating the reliability of the first code segment. From simulation results, it is shown that the proposed method improves the performance irrespective of the SNR values of cooperating users.
Differential mRNA stability of the <i>cspA</i> gene in the cold‐shock response of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1996)

Exposure of bacterial cells to temperature changes induces the synthesis of a set proteins. We investigated the control of expression of the cspA gene, coding for the major cold-shock protein of Escherichia coli. This protein was shown to be transiently induced upon shift to low temperature. We demonstrated that the cspA mRNA is extremely unstable at 37 degrees C with a half-life of approx. 10 s. Upon shift to 15 degrees C cspA mRNA becomes highly stable. This mRNA stability is transient and is lost once the cells are adapted to the low temperature. Transcription fusions of lacZ containing part or most of the cspA gene do not show the rapid degradation at high temperature. Our results suggest that mRNA stability plays a major role in the control of the cspA gene. The expression of cspA is also regulated, to a smaller extent, by the relative increase in transcription after transfer to low temperature. A model by which cspA mRNA is regulated in response to temperature shift is discussed.
Hydrogen sulphide decreases <scp>IL</scp> ‐1β‐induced activation of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes from patients with osteoarthritis (2014)

Balneotherapy employing sulphurous thermal water is still applied to patients suffering from diseases of musculoskeletal system like osteoarthritis (OA) but evidence for its clinical effectiveness is scarce. Since the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) seems to affect cells involved in degenerative joint diseases, it was the objective of this study to investigate the effects of exogenous H2 S on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which are key players in OA pathogenesis being capable of producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix degrading enzymes. To address this issue primary FLS derived from OA patients were stimulated with IL-1β and treated with the H2 S donor NaHS. Cellular responses were analysed by ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR, phospho-MAPkinase array and Western blotting. Treatment-induced effects on cellular structure and synovial architecture were investigated in three-dimensional extracellular matrix micromasses. NaHS treatment reduced both spontaneous and IL-1β-induced secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES in different experimental settings. In addition, NaHS treatment reduced the expression of matrix metallo-proteinases MMP-2 and MMP-14. IL-1β induced the phosphorylation of several MAPkinases. NaHS treatment partially reduced IL-1β-induced activation of several MAPK whereas it increased phosphorylation of pro-survival factor Akt1/2. When cultured in spherical micromasses, FLS intentionally established a synovial lining layer-like structure; stimulation with IL-1β altered the architecture of micromasses leading to hyperplasia of the lining layer which was completely inhibited by concomitant exposure to NaHS. These data suggest that H2 S partially antagonizes IL-1β stimulation via selective manipulation of the MAPkinase and the PI3K/Akt pathways which may encourage development of novel drugs for treatment of OA.
Inhibition of Hsp90 function delays and impairs recovery from heat shock (2005)

The induction of the heat shock response as well as its termination is autoregulated by heat shock protein activities. In this study we have investigated whether Hsp90 functional protein levels influence the characteristics and duration of the heat shock response. Treatment of cells with several benzoquinone ansamycin inhibitors of Hsp90 (geldanamycin, herbimycin A) activated a heat shock response in the absence of heat shock, as reported previously. Pretreatment of cells with the Hsp90 inhibitors significantly delayed the rate of restoration of normal protein synthesis following a brief heat shock. Concurrently, the rate of Hsp synthesis and accumulation was substantially increased and prolonged. The cessation of heat shock protein synthesis did not occur until the levels of Hsp70 were substantially elevated relative to its standard threshold for autoregulation. The elevated levels of HSPS 22-28 (the small HSPS) and Hsp70 are not able to promote thermotolerance when Hsp90 activity is repressed by ansamycins; rather a suppression of thermotolerance is observed. These results suggest that a multicomponent protein chaperone complex involving both Hsp90 and Hsp70 signals the cessation of heat shock protein synthesis, the restoration of normal translation, and likely the establishment of thermotolerance. Impaired function of either component is sufficient to alter the heat shock response.
Bioenergetics (1957)

Journal Article Bioenergetics Get access Bioenergetics . Szent-Gyorgyi Albert . 143 pgs., illus. Academic Press , 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. ( 1957 ) C. P. Swanson C. P. Swanson Johns Hopkins University . Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 7, Issue 5, November 1957, Pages 52–53, https://doi.org/10.2307/1292470 Published: 01 November 1957
Breaking Down Barriers: Successful Transition Planning for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Exceptional Students (2013)

While transition services provided to the majority of students with disabilities may be seen as beneficial and as having the potential to lead to positive post-school outcomes, involvement and expectations of several students’ families are taking a backseat to the involvement and expectations of professionals in this process. Discrepancies between family and school expectations and desires can only lead to the failure of students’ transition plans. It is increasingly more likely that service providers who develop individual education plans and collaborate on transition planning teams will work with culturally and linguistically diverse students and families. Despite growing diversity in our school systems, many legal mandates and transition components are based on European-American cultural beliefs regarding disability, optimal post-school outcomes, and how best to achieve these outcomes. These beliefs about disability and post-school outcomes are not necessarily shared by all cultures, and thus, cultural conflicts are quite probable when service providers simply comply with transition mandates. This article addresses the challenges that culturally diverse families face as they go through the transition process of their children with disabilities as well as discusses practices that will lead to more successful transition planning for these students and their families.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid define feline blood group A and B antigens (1992)

Blood group incompatibility causes transfusion reactions and neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats. We investigated the molecular nature of the blood group antigens from cats that had blood type A, B, and AB erythrocytes. Naturally occurring anti-type B antibodies, Triticum vulgaris lectin, monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 32-27, and MoAb R-24 were used in agglutination tests, Western blots, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enzyme immunostaining. Type A erythrocytes had NeuGc-NeuGc-Galactose-Glucose-Ceramide ([NeuGc]2GD3) where NeuGc represents N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and NeuAc-NeuGc-GD3, where NeuAc represents N-acetylneuraminic acid, and may have [NeuGc]2 disialylparagloboside and NeuAc-NeuGc-disialylparagloboside. Type B erythrocytes only had [NeuAc]2GD3. Type AB erythrocytes had [NeuGc]2GD3, NeuAc-NeuGc-GD3, and [NeuAc]2GD3. Blood group antigens were also found on a 50-Kd membrane protein. We conclude that type B erythrocytes are characterized by [NeuAc]2GD3 as the only form of this ganglioside and the presence of NeuAc on a 50-Kd membrane protein. NeuGc is the major determinant of the A antigen; specifically, [NeuGc]2GD3 is the major glycolipid form. The A antigen is also present on a 50-Kd membrane protein.