gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progressive Vaccinia (2003)

The resumption of smallpox vaccination for health care workers and other first responders has raised concern about the occurrence of complications in people with immunodeficiency disorders, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus. During the era of universal vaccination, roughly 1 person per million vaccinees in the general population developed progressive vaccinia, which is characterized by the relentless outward spread of infection from the vaccination site and eventual dissemination to other areas on the body. Review of 56 cases reported in the English-language medical literature from 1893 through 1997 indicates that the condition occurred only in persons with severe cell-mediated immunodeficiency. Progressive vaccinia was found to be lethal in infants who completely lacked cellular immune function, but infection resolved in many adults with acquired immunodeficiency. Almost all cases were treated with vaccinia immune globulin, but its efficacy has never been tested in a placebo-controlled trial. Further research is needed to develop effective forms of therapy.
US Pharmacopeial Convention safety evaluation of menaquinone-7, a form of vitamin K (2017)

Vitamin K plays important biological roles in maintaining normal blood coagulation, bone mineralization, soft tissue physiology, and neurological development. Menaquinone-7 is a form of vitamin K2 that occurs naturally in some animal-derived and fermented foods. It is also available as an ingredient of dietary supplements. Menaquinone-7 has greater bioavailability than other forms of vitamin K, which has led to increasing sales and use of menaquinone-7 supplements. This special article reviews the chemistry, nomenclature, dietary sources, intake levels, and pharmacokinetics of menaquinones, along with the nonclinical toxicity data available and the data on clinical outcomes related to safety (adverse events). In conclusion, the data reviewed indicate that menaquinone-7, when ingested as a dietary supplement, is not associated with any serious risk to health or with other public health concerns. On the basis of this conclusion, US Pharmacopeia monographs have been developed to establish quality standards for menaquinone-7 as a dietary ingredient and as a dietary supplement in various dosage forms.
Scheduling and binding algorithms for high-level synthesis (1989)

New algorithms for high-level synthesis are presented. The first performs scheduling under hardware resource constraints and improves on commonly used list scheduling techniques by making use of a global priority function. A new design-space exploration technique, which combines this algorithm with an existing one based on time constraints, is also presented.
Enhancement in open circuit voltage through a cascade-type energy band structure (2007)

In this paper, we report a method to increase the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of an organic solar cell by inserting an interfacial layer between the donor and acceptor layers to form a cascade-type energy band structure. We demonstrate its feasibility using a recently reported asymmetric pentacene derivative, tetraceno[2,3-b]thiophene (TT) as a donor material, C60 as an acceptor material, and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as the sandwich layer. The VOC was increased from 0.3V for the device with no CuPc sandwich layer to 0.56V for 13nm thick CuPc layer. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device with 13nm CuPc layer was 1.53% and the fill factor (FF) was 0.64, in comparison to TT∕C60 device which had a PCE of 0.78% and a FF of 0.52.
What is the Experience of Being Falsely Accused (2007)

What is the experience of being falsely accused? After the description of lived experience of being falsely accused, the author interpreted four kinds of accusation according to two dimensions, that is whether accuser knows and whether accused is guilty. Author believe that the feeling of accused gives the main information as to what we actually are, but will accuser actually knows exactly what accused feels? Can accused speak out what he really feels? Cart accuser feels exactly as accused feels?
Sorting large numbers of clones expressing Plasmodium falciparum antigens in Escherichia coli by differential antibody screening. (1986)

We describe an approach to classifying a large number of clones expressing Plasmodium falciparum antigens in Escherichia coli by virtue of their differing reactivities with 100 human anti-malarial sera. Individual sera exhibited marked differences in the patterns of reactivity with these clones. These patterns led to the identification of sets of clones, here termed "serological families", which were shown to encode distinct P. falciparum antigens. A serological family was found to be composed of non-identical clones derived from portions of the same antigen. Using this approach six new P. falciparum antigens were identified. One of these is described in detail and is a 102 X 10(3) Mr antigen, predominantly of schizonts. Sequencing studies on four cDNA clones encoding parts of this antigen revealed blocks of hydrophilic dipeptide and tripeptide repeats and so the antigen has been termed the acidic basic repeat antigen (ABRA).
A surface wave elastography technique for measuring tissue viscoelastic properties (2017)

A surface wave elastography method is proposed to study the viscoelastic properties of skin by measuring the surface wave speed and attenuation on the skin. Experiments were carried out on porcine skin tissues. The surface wave speed is measured by the change of phase with distance. The wave attenuation is measured by the decay of wave amplitude with distance. The change of viscoelastic properties with temperature was studied at room and body temperatures. The wave speed was 1.83m/s at 22°C but reduced to 1.52m/s at 33°C. The viscoelastic ratio was almost constant from 22°C to 33°C. Fresh and decayed tissues were studied. The wave speed of the decayed tissue increased from 1.83m/s of fresh state to 2.73m/s. The viscoelastic ratio was 0.412/mm at the decayed state compared to 0.215/mm at the fresh state. More tissue samples are needed to study these viscoelastic parameters according to specific applications.
INTERVAL CARRIER FREE ELECTROPHORESIS FOR HIGH RESOLUTION PROTEIN PURIFICATION (1998)

ABSTRACT Interval free flow zone electrophoresis is a new mode of free flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE), which facilitates purification of proteins and other molecular substances at very high resolution. It can be performed in the commercially available free flow electrophoresis (FFE) apparatus Octopus. The specimens are loaded and unloaded as usual with the help of a thin buffer film flowing between the two glass plates of the FFE. However, as long as electrical current is applied to a specimen, the medium flow is turned off and conditions of static column electrophoresis are simulated within the FFE device. Thereby electrohydrodynamic flow effects, which widen the sample bands migrating within the electric field, are eliminated while optimal heat removal from the thin buffer film is still possible and a sophisticated technique of harvesting of fractions remains available. Thus interval FFZE offers a gentle preparative method for purification of many kinds of charged molecular species such as proteins or dyes at very high resolution.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Use of Actigraphy for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders (2014)

Quantitative and objective evaluation of disease severity and/or drug effect is necessary in clinical practice. Wearable accelerometers such as an actigraph enable long-term recording of a patient's movement during activities and they can be used for quantitative assessment of symptoms due to various diseases. We reviewed some applications of actigraphy with analytical methods that are sufficiently sensitive and reliable to determine the severity of diseases and disorders such as motor and nonmotor disorders like Parkinson's disease, sleep disorders, depression, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) for vascular dementia (VD), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and stroke, as well as the effects of drugs used to treat them. We believe it is possible to develop analytical methods to assess more neurological or psychopathic disorders using actigraphy records.
The Cyclization Mechanism of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase (CGTase) as Revealed by a γ-Cyclodextrin-CGTase Complex at 1.8-Å Resolution (1999)

The enzyme cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase is closely related to alpha-amylases but has the unique ability to produce cyclodextrins (circular alpha(1-->4)-linked glucoses) from starch. To characterize this specificity we determined a 1.8-A structure of an E257Q/D229N mutant cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase in complex with its product gamma-cyclodextrin, which reveals for the first time how cyclodextrin is competently bound. Across subsites -2, -1, and +1, the cyclodextrin ring binds in a twisted mode similar to linear sugars, giving rise to deformation of its circular symmetry. At subsites -3 and +2, the cyclodextrin binds in a manner different from linear sugars. Sequence comparisons and site-directed mutagenesis experiments support the conclusion that subsites -3 and +2 confer the cyclization activity in addition to subsite -6 and Tyr-195. On this basis, a role of the individual residues during the cyclization reaction cycle is proposed.
An Accurate Method for Correction of Head Movement in PET (2004)

A method is presented to correct positron emission tomography (PET) data for head motion during data acquisition. The method is based on simultaneous acquisition of PET data in list mode and monitoring of the patient's head movements with a motion tracking system. According to the measured head motion, the line of response (LOR) of each single detected PET event is spatially transformed, resulting in a spatially fully corrected data set. The basic algorithm for spatial transformation of LORs is based on a number of assumptions which can lead to spatial artifacts and quantitative inaccuracies in the resulting images. These deficiencies are discussed, demonstrated and methods for improvement are presented. Using different kinds of phantoms the validity and accuracy of the correction method is tested and its applicability to human studies is demonstrated as well.
Cardiovascular responses to head-down-body-up postural exercise (Sarvangasana). (2000)

Sarvangasana (SVGN) is a head-down-body-up postural exercise in a 'negative g' condition. Though highly recommended as one of the three best of all the asanas it has not yet been studied for its very obvious effects on the cardiovascular (CV) functions. This paper reports the results of the first systematic investigation on SVGN employing echocardiographic analysis in eight healthy male subjects before and after a practice of this asana twice daily for two weeks. The resting heart rate (HR) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) were significantly reduced (P < 0.02, P < 0.01 respectively) after practising this asana. A tendency toward a mild regression of the left ventricular mass was noticed, though it was not statistically significant. The CV responses to acute 45 degrees head-down tilt (HDT) in a tilt table was not altered after practising this asana. Also there was no orthostatic intolerance during the 3-5 min period of 70 degrees head-up tilt (HUT). These results strongly indicate that further studies of this asana performed for a longer period is most likely to yield very significant observations of applied value.
The GC box and TATA transcription control elements in the P38 promoter of the minute virus of mice are necessary and sufficient for transactivation by the nonstructural protein NS1 (1992)

To further define the transcriptional regulation of the P38 promoter in the minute virus of mice (MVM) genome, we constructed a series of internal deletion and linker scanning mutations. The mutant P38 constructs were assayed for transcriptional activity in vitro by primer extension analysis with nuclear extracts from murine A92L fibroblasts. Mutations which disrupted the GC box and TATA box severely reduced transcription in vitro. DNase I footprinting analysis confirmed that the murine transcription factor Sp1 bound to the GC box; however, no factors were observed interacting with a putative transcriptional activation regulatory element, termed the TAR element. The linker scanning mutations were analyzed in vivo by using a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression assay system, in both the presence and absence of constructs expressing the viral nonstructural protein, NS1. The ability of NS1 to transactivate the P38 promoter (up to 1,000-fold) depended entirely on the presence of intact GC and TATA box sequences. Disruption of the TAR element by either linker insertion mutations or an internal deletion did not inhibit transactivation of the P38 promoter. These results suggest that NS1 transactivates the P38 promoter indirectly by interacting with one or more components of the P38 core-transcription complex.
REALISM: reusable elements for animation using local integrated simulation models (2002)

The REALISM animation system encapsulates behavioural control mechanisms within the objects in a scene, offering a single interface to both modelling and animation. Libraries of actors allow creative skills to be focused on scene development and not individual object control. The progress of an animation sequence is defined by a controlling script. Individual object behaviour is defined by rules and constraints, themselves dynamic entities that can modify their own behaviour during the animation. Each element controls its own destiny which is guided but not dictated by the script. To reduce the communication overhead caused by the inter-object dialogue necessary for collision detection, a two stage process is implemented. This consists of a bounding volume check as the first stage, and objects communicating to resolve collisions as the second stage. The algorithm ensures that the workload is distributed evenly throughout the objects, guaranteeing a maximum limit to the workload per object.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
3-D wavelet coding of video with arbitrary regions of support (2003)

We examine three-dimensional (3-D) wavelet coding of video with arbitrary regions of support (AROS). A critically sampled wavelet transform is applied to the AROS and a modified 3-D set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm is used to quantize and code the wavelet coefficients in the AROS only. Experiments show that, for typical MPEG-4 pre-segmented sequences, our proposed method can achieve a gain of up to 5.6 dB in average PSNR at the same rate over 3-D SPIHT coding of regular volumes that embed the AROS of the given video sequences.
Social Media account linkage using user-generated geo-location data (2016)

Since cyber offenders often create multiple accounts on different Social Media Platforms (SMPs) to serve their disparate malicious intentions, law enforcement agency investigators often encounter the task of recognizing all the accounts used by the same person across SMPs, i.e., account linkage (AL). Although a number of techniques have been proposed for AL, their performance may be degraded by factors such as information asymmetry, poor data quality, data unavailability, as well as application scope limitation. In this paper, we solve AL in an unsupervised manner by utilizing user-generated geo-location data in SMPs, which is more robust than common clues used in existing techniques. A co-clustering-based AL framework is proposed in which account clusterings in temporal and spatial dimensions are carried out synchronously and enhance the results of each other. Experiments carried out on a real-world dataset demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed framework.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Stereoelective Ring-Opening Polymerization of α-Methyl-β-propiolactone (1996)

The lipase-catalyzed stereoelective ring-opening polymerization of racemic α-methyl-β-propiolactone (MPL) was investigated. Using the lipase PS-30 from Pseudomonas fluorescens, a direct route to optically active (S)-enriched poly(α-methyl-β-propiolactone), PMPL, was demonstrated. From a comparative study of different organic media, polymerizations conducted in toluene and heptane proceeded more rapidly than those carried out in dioxane. The enantiomeric ratios E in toluene, heptane, and dioxane were 4.1 ± 0.2, 0.9, and 2.0, respectively. Thus, from the point of view of reaction rates and enantioselectivity, toluene was found to be the preferred solvent. PMPL products prepared in toluene by PS-30 catalysis had Mn values from 2600 to 2900 g/mol and [α]25D +12.2° to +19.0° (c 0.9 g/dL, CHCl3). Analysis of the polymer chain end structure by 1H and 13C NMR showed that these products have hydroxyl and carboxylic acid termini. Based on the analysis of chain stereosequence distributions by 13C NMR, it was concluded that stereoselectivity during propagation results from catalyst enantiomorphic-site control. Investigation of the thermal behavior of PMPL (75% (S)) by DSC showed that melting occurs over a broad region from ∼25 to 100 °C where the total ΔHf is 12.7 cal/g.
EARLY SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEM (1977)

As a result of the high capital expenditure and construction time required for fixed platform type off-shore production, Vetco has investigated methods for early subsea production, utilising floating platforms. Several systems have been developed which offer flexibility when considering field size, geometry, water depth, etc. The "Modular Template System" is applicable where up to eight wells are to be completed. The modular approach of this system offers the user a system which requires relatively low initial capital investment. The basic template structure accommodates only two wells and is, therefore, not significantly larger in size than a conventional drilling base. The "Multi-Well (unitised) Template System" employs a one piece template structure which car. accommodate up to eleven wells. This substantial template requires only a first time installation and is recommended for use in situations where the total well requirement has been predetermined As a third alternative, a "Satellite Well System" has been developed which has individual satellite wells located strategically throughout the field. Flowlines from these wells converge to a central riser manifold. The Vetco "Early Subsea Production System" transports the production fluid from the template/riser manifold to the floating platform through an individual flowline riser system. The simplicity of this approach provides reliability as well as ultimate well control. Several options have been developed to allow use of the "Early Subsea Production Systems" in those situations where gas injection, water injection, gas lift and/or TFL serviceability are required. The Vetco "Early Subsea Production Systems" are solutions for the recovery of hydrocarbons from fields located in water depths which allow the use of standard guideline techniques. With drilling operations being conducted in ever deeper waters, a separate design study has been conducted to adapt the "Early Subsea Production Systems" to deep water applications.
Psychodynamics of Father Daughter Incest — Discussion (1962)

FrenchOn a beaucoup dit et écrit sur l'inceste, cependant ce n'est que récemment que l'effet des relations incestueuses sur le développement émotionnel des enfants et des adultes a été étudié en profondeur. L'étude des prisonniers condamnés pour des délits incestueux non seulement permet d'aider les incestueux, mais nous permet aussi de rejoindre les sources du développement émotionel de l'homme.Le problème de l'inceste est complexe. Cette complexité est illustrée par un cas rapporté par Rascovsky où psychose et addiction sont décrites comme une réaction contre des tentations incestueuses, et l'homosexualité comme une défense contre l'inceste consumé.Le docteur Scott remercie les auteurs pour leur contribution au problème de l'inceste.
The plant cell defense and<i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> (2005)

We previously identified changes in gene expression in Ageratum conyzoides plant cells inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens by using cDNA-AFLP. Here, we show that a subset of defense-related genes is differentially regulated by an Agrobacterium attachment-deficient mutant. The expression pattern triggered by this mutant is similar to that induced by inoculation with non-pathogenic bacteria. We also observed that the expression level of the defense genes was inversely correlated with the efficiency of transformation by Agrobacterium. We propose that the plant defense system has an important role in controlling infection and transformation and that Agrobacterium may dampen some plant defense responses.
A review of micro-powder injection moulding as a microfabrication technique (2011)

Micro-powder injection moulding (µPIM) is a fast-developing micro-manufacturing\ntechnique for the production of metal and ceramic components. Shape complexity,\ndimensional accuracy, replication fidelity, material variety combined with high-\nvolume capabilities are some of the key advantages of the technology. This\nreview assesses the capabilities and limitations of µPIM as a micro-\nmanufacturing technique by reviewing the latest developments in the area and by\nconsidering potential improvements. The basic elements of the process chain,\nvariant processes and simulation attempts are discussed and evaluated.\nChallenges and research gaps are highlighted, and potential areas for\nimprovement are presente
Software evolution, volatility and lifecycle maintenance patterns: a longitudinal analysis synopsis (2003)

Despite the rapidity of technological change it is still true that many software systems remain productive for decades. To stay current these systems must evolve as they age. How can these lifecycle software changes, i.e. software volatility, be conceptualized and measured? What are the antecedents of software volatility? How do software volatility and lifecycle maintenance patterns affect lifecycle maintenance outcomes? This research defines and evaluates a system-level multi-dimensional measure of software volatility. Longitudinal analyses use a panel dataset built from a 20-year log of software modifications to 23 application systems. Contributions from this work include a multi-dimensional measure of software volatility, identification of antecedents of volatility and evidence that software volatility and lifecycle maintenance patterns can predict future maintenance outcomes.
Circular single-stranded RNA replicon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1990)

Circular RNA replicons have been reported in plants and, in one case, in animal cells. We describe such an element in yeast. In certain yeast strains, a 20S RNA species appears on transfer of cells to acetate medium. This phenotype shows cytoplasmic (non-Mendelian) inheritance and the 20S RNA is associated with 23-kDa protein subunits as a 32S particle. We demonstrate that yeast 20S RNA is an independent replicon with no homology to host genomic, mitochondrial, or 2-microns plasmid DNA or to the L-A, L-BC, or M1 double-stranded RNA viruses of yeast. The circularity of the 20S RNA is shown by the apparent absence of 3' and 5' ends, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and by electron microscopy. Replication of yeast 20S RNA proceeds through an RNA-RNA pathway, and a 10,000-fold amplification occurs on shift to acetate medium. The copy number of 20S RNA is also reduced severalfold by the SKI gene products, a host antiviral system that also lowers the copy numbers of yeast double-stranded RNA viruses. Yeast 20S RNA and the hepatitis delta virus show some similarities.