gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quorum-Sensing Regulation of the Production of Blp Bacteriocins in <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> (2007)

The blp gene cluster identified in the genome sequences of Streptococcus thermophilus (blp(St)) LMG18311, CNRZ1066, and LMD-9 displays all the characteristics of a class II bacteriocin locus. In the present study, we showed that the blp(St) locus is only fully functional in strain LMD-9 and regulates the production of antimicrobial peptides that inhibit strains LMG18311 and CNRZ1066. The blp(St) cluster of LMD-9 contains 23 genes that are transcriptionally organized in six operons: blpABC(St) (peptide transporter genes and pheromone gene); blpRH(St) (two-component regulatory system genes); blpD(St)-orf1, blpU(St)-orf3, and blpE-F(St) (bacteriocin precursors and immunity genes); and blpG-X(St) (unknown function). All the operons, except the regulatory unit blpRH(St), were shown to be coregulated at the transcriptional level by a quorum-sensing mechanism involving the mature S. thermophilus pheromone BlpC* (BlpC*(St)), which was extracellularly detected as two active forms (30 and 19 amino acids). These operons are differentially transcribed depending on growth phase and pheromone concentration. They all contain a motif with two imperfect direct repeats in their mapped promoter regions that could serve as binding sites of the response regulator BlpR(St). Through the construction of deletion mutants, the blp(St) locus of strain LMD-9 was shown to encode all the essential functions associated with bacteriocin production, quorum-sensing regulation, and immunity.
Quantitative Chemical Microdetermination of Twelve Elements in Plant Tissue. A Systematic Procedure (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative Chemical Microdetermination of Twelve Elements in Plant Tissue. A Systematic ProcedureR Parks, S Hood, Charles Hurwitz, and G EllisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1943, 15, 8, 527–533Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1943https://doi.org/10.1021/i560120a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views84Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
CLASH: a protocol for Internet-scale utility-oriented distributed computing (2004)

Distributed hash table (DHT) overlay networks offer an efficient and robust technique for wire-area data storage and queries. Workload from real applications that use DHT networks will likely exhibit significant skews that can result in bottlenecks and failures that limit the overall scalability of the DHT approach. We present the content and load-aware scalable hashing (CLASH) protocol that can enhance the load distribution behavior of a DHT. CLASH relies on a variable-length identifier key scheme, where the length of any individual key is a function of load. CLASH uses variable-length keys to cluster content-related objects on single nodes to achieve processing efficiencies, and minimally disperse objects across multiple servers when hotspots occur. We demonstrate the performance benefits of CLASH through analysis and simulation.
NADPH Oxidase Is Required for the Sensory Plasticity of the Carotid Body by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia (2009)

Respiratory motoneuron response to hypoxia is reflex in nature and carotid body sensory receptor constitutes the afferent limb of this reflex. Recent studies showed that repetitive exposures to hypoxia evokes long term facilitation of sensory nerve discharge (sLTF) of the carotid body in rodents exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Although studies with anti-oxidants suggested the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling in eliciting sLTF, the source of and the mechanisms associated with ROS generation have not yet been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that ROS generated by NADPH oxidase (NOX) mediate CIH-evoked sLTF. Experiments were performed on ex vivo carotid bodies from rats and mice exposed either to 10 d of CIH or normoxia. Acute repetitive hypoxia evoked a approximately 12-fold increase in NOX activity in CIH but not in control carotid bodies, and this effect was associated with upregulation of NOX2 mRNA and protein, which was primarily localized to glomus cells of the carotid body. sLTF was prevented by NOX inhibitors and was absent in mice deficient in NOX2. NOX activation by CIH required 5-HT release and activation of 5-HT(2) receptors coupled to PKC signaling. Studies with ROS scavengers revealed that H(2)O(2) generated from O(2).(-) contributes to sLTF. Priming with H(2)O(2) elicited sLTF of carotid bodies from normoxic control rats and mice, similar to that seen in CIH-treated animals. These observations reveal a novel role for NOX-induced ROS signaling in mediating sensory plasticity of the carotid body.
Accommodative and Vergence Findings in Ocular Myasthenia (2000)

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disorder that affects skeletal muscles, in particular, the extraocular muscles. Response variability is a hallmark sign. Detailed findings are described in a patient with MG in which the presenting sign was accommodative insufficiency. Objective accommodative findings were recorded 3 years before the onset of myasthenia, soon after the initial diagnosis was made, and then after the treatment commenced with pyridostigmine. In addition, clinical measurements were obtained periodically at different times of the day for various binocular motor functions, including near point of convergence, phoria, fusional and accommodative amplitudes, and relative accommodation. The disease adversely affected all accommodative and vergence findings, with fatigue being the primary disturbance. The therapeutic administration of pyridostigmine improved static measurements of accommodation and vergence and reduced asthenopia. The objective dynamic measurements of accommodation, vergence, and versions were less affected. These findings provide a clear demonstration that both intrinsic and extrinsic ocular muscles may be affected in the prepresbyopic myasthenic patient.
McDRAM: Low Latency and Energy-Efficient Matrix Computations in DRAM (2018)

We propose a novel memory architecture for in-memory computation called McDRAM, where DRAM dies are equipped with a large number of multiply accumulate (MAC) units to perform matrix computation for neural networks. By exploiting high internal memory bandwidth and reducing offchip memory accesses, McDRAM realizes both low latency and energy efficient computation. In our experiments, we obtained the chip layout based on the state-of-the-art memory, LPDDR4 where McDRAM is equipped with 2048 MACs in a single chip package with a small area overhead (4.7%). Compared with the state-ofthe-art accelerator, TPU and the power-efficient GPU, Nvidia P4, McDRAM offers 9.5× and 14.4× speedup, respectively, in the case that the large-scale MLPs and RNNs adopt the batch size of 1. McDRAM also gives 2.1× and 3.7× better computational efficiency in TOPS/W than TPU and P4, respectively, for the large batches.
Mixed Iron−Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles (2004)

Designing nanoparticles for practical applications requires knowledge and control of how their desired properties relate to their composition and structure. Here, we present a detailed systematic study of mixed iron−manganese oxide nanoparticles, showing that ultrasonication provides the high-energy reaction conditions required for complete atomic level mixing of Fe(III) and Mn(III) when amorphous Fe2O3 nanoparticles are irradiated in the presence of Mn2(CO)10 in ambient atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the crystal structure of manganese iron mixed oxide nanoparticles changes from spinel to bixbyite with increasing of Mn(III) content. The results of room-temperature magnetization curves are consistent with the XRD patterns and spin density from electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, showing samples converting from superparamagnetic to antiferromagnetic, when the crystal structures of these samples transform from spinel to bixbyite.
Gene Copy Number Change Events at Chromosome 20 and Their Association with Recurrence in Gastric Cancer Patients (2005)

Ninety-six amplified genes at chromosome 20 of gastric cancer are reported. A scoring system based on gene copy changes at chromosome 20 can provide an independent patient grouping system that can distinguish patient recurrence status and survival.
Double Tuned Cosine Coil for NMR Imaging/Microscopy (1991)

The fabrication of a cosine coil having unevenly distributed struts is detailed. Placing the struts in such a manner enables a standing wave at the desired frequency and, hence, only one resonance frequency is obtained. This study details the fabrication of a cosine coil tuned to the LJ-7 frequency (77.76 MHz) and then double-tuned to the H-1 frequency (200.1 MHz) when operated at 4.7 Tesla. Double-tuning is attained by placing an LC trap in series with a capacitor used to single-tune the coil. Also, a method is suggested by which a cosine coil can be broadbanded in the lower frequency range simply by replacing a fixed capacitor.
COVID-19 Contact Tracing: Current States and Future Directions (2020)

Contact tracing has become a key tool for public health officials to effectively combat the spread of new diseases, such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Currently, this process is either manual or semi-manual and often very time consuming and inefficient. It largely relies of human memory and cannot be scalable to tackle pandemic like COVID-19. Researchers and practitioners around the world have turned into the technology based approaches to provide a scalable solution. Smartphone and associated digital technologies have the potential to provide a better solution due to its high level of penetration coupled with mobility. However, information like location or proximity associated with other personal data are very sensitive private information and can be used by the states to do surveillance over their citizen. Researchers have proposed different contact tracing protocols to overcome or limit those concerns. In this paper, we have critically reviewed these protocols and apps to identify the strength and weakness of each approaches. Finally, we have pen down our recommendations to make contact tracing mechanism more universally inter-operable and privacy preserving.
2-Methyl-1-hexen-3-yne Lewis Base Stabilized β-Diketonate Copper(I) Complexes:  X-ray Structures, Theoretical Study, and Low-Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition of Copper Metal (2001)

Four new β-diketonate copper(I) complexes containing the ene−yne 2-methyl-1-hexen-3-yne (MHY), [Cu(hfac)(MHY)] (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate), [Cu(tfac)(MHY)] (tfac = 1,1,1-trifluoroacetylacetonate), [Cu(pfac)(MHY)] (pfac = perfluoroacetylacetonate), and [Cu(acac)(MHY)] (acac = acetylacetonate), have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR and three of them by an X-ray structural and elemental analysis. In these complexes, the triple bond is η2-coordinated to the copper atom while the double bond stays free. A theoretical study demonstrates that for these complexes a planar coordination around the copper ion is the most stable, with energy differences of 57.7, 44.9, 39.3, and 62.7 kJ/mol for the acac, tfac, hfac, and pfac complexes, respectively, when compared to a tetrahedral structure, which is another possible coordination mode for Cu(I). We also found that the orbital contribution of the fluorine atoms does not seem to be very relevant for the Cu−alkyne bond, but rather weak fluorine−hydrogen bonds detected in the X-ray structures can explain the following experimentally found stability order: [Cu(acac)(MHY)] < [Cu(tfac)(MHY)] < [Cu(hfac)(MHY)] = [Cu(pfac)(MHY)] The decomposition of such compounds to give Cu(0), MHY, and [Cu(β-diketonate)2] seems to indicate a similar thermodynamic stability of the products. However, experimentally the complex with the pfac ligand shows a greater stability while the acac complex decomposes easily. The more stable and volatile compounds are obtained when the β-diketonate ligand is hexafluoropentanedionate, which has been used as a precursor in copper CVD experiments. So, [Cu(hfac)(MHY)] (mp = 13.0 °C, bp = 207.2 °C), which displays a partial pressure of 110 mTorr at 21.3 °C, was used with 5% (wt) of pure MHY as a stabilizing agent. Using a direct liquid injection and vaporizer system, pure copper films were deposited in a cold-wall LPCVD system with helium as carrier gas on 4 in. diameter silicon wafers covered with a 200 nm thick CVD TiN film as a barrier. The copper films were deposited at a precursor vaporization temperature of 85 °C and deposition temperature of 140−300 °C. In this temperature range, the growth rate demonstrates the two usual different regimes: the mass-flow-controlled regime above 220 °C with a growth rate as high as 260 nm/min and the surface-limited regime below this temperature. For this last regime, the activation energy is only around 30 kJ/mol, which is a very low value when compared to what was obtained for processes using other Cu(I) β-diketonates. Shiny, adhesive copper films with a thickness of 500−1000 nm had resistivities of 2.3−4.5 μΩ cm, depending on the substrate temperature. ESCA analysis of the Cu layers revealed that the Cu films were very pure but contained 2.7 atom % of oxygen impurities due to leaks or residual H2O in the CVD system which were still present after 10 min of Ar sputtering.
Plots of narratives over temporal databases (2002)

An operation-based notion of plots of narratives is introduced, to summarize events happening to objects in the temporal database of an information system. The method proposed for modelling and handling plots, involving the application of a Plan-recognition and Plan-generation facility, is shown to be useful for various purposes, including problem-detection and decision support. An interdisciplinary approach is adopted, utilizing results from studies on literary theories.
Synthesis and insecticidal activity of N-cyano 2-(substituted amino) ethyl methyl sulfoximine derivatives (2008)

The N-cyano 2-(substituted amino)ethyl methyl sulfoximine derivatives are a new chemical family of neonicotinoids. Nine alkyl sulfoximine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were identified by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassays indicated that some of them showed moderate insecticidal activities against Myzus persicae. The relationship between structure and biological activity was also discussed.
Silver Anode Treatment of Chronic Osteomyelitis (1981)

Twenty-five patients with active, chronic osteomyelitis, resistant to conventional management, were treated with surgical debridement and daily application of electrically activated silver dressings. Sixteen (64%) cases resulted in closed, stable, pain-free wounds, with the remainder resulting in persistent drainage or amputation. Nine of 12 cases complicated by nonunion achieved union. In 13 patients an open-bone graft was performed and silver treatment continued: these tended to remain free of purulent drainage but fared no better than average in the long-term follow-up. The silver anode dressing seems to be an effective aid in the treatment of chronic bone infection when combined with adequate surgical debridement, thereby reducing the need for prolonged systemic antibiotics.
A 1.5-GHz programmable divide-by-N GaAs counter (1988)

A GaAs divide-by-N programmable counter has been fabricated for use in microwave frequency synthesizers and other applications. The counter uses a 1- mu m depletion-mode MESFET process. The counter is typically capable of dividing an input frequency of DC to 1.5 GHz by any divisor from 3 to 64 over a temperature range of -60 to 100 degrees C. Input and output translators are incorporated to render the device fully compatible with emitter-coupled logic (ECL) logic levels. Power dissipation for the chip is 1.4 W. A custom gigahertz-rate automated digital IC tester has been used to characterize the counter. Reliability data to date indicate a minimum mean time to failure (MTTF) of 1.8*10/sup 6/ h at 100 degrees C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cold Shock and Various Extenders Effects on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Ram Sperms (1982)

Abstract The protective effect of egg yolk citrate, egg yolk skimmed milk, and egg yolk lactose extenders on the sperm cell against freezing injury was studied using Ossimi and Rahmani rams. Advanced motility, dead and coiled tail percentages of fresh spermatozoa did not differ significantly between the two breeds. Freezing caused a highly significant increase in dead and coiled tail percentages of spermatozoa diluted with various extenders. Unsaponifiable matter of fresh spermatozoa of both breeds contained various hydrocarbons and sterols with C 26, C 24 and cholesterol being the basic compounds. The unsaponifiables distribution could be used to characterize the spermatozoal origin. Changes in total sterols/total hydrocarbons ratios of the unsaponifiables were occurred after freezing of both breeds using the three extenders. Cholesterol content of fresh spermatozoa and the changes in physical properties of spermatozoa of both breeds indicated that the freezability of Ossimi semen was better than that of Rahmani. Also, the changes occurred in physical properties and total sterols/total hydrocarbons ratios showed that egg yolk lactose extender was better than egg yolk skimmed milk and egg yolk citrate extenders for sperm protection against freezing injury.
Pulse shape evolution and noise estimates in concatenated fiber links using analog optoelectronical repeaters (1996)

The pulse shape evolution in a chain consisting of dispersive fiber segments concatenated by analog optoelectronical repeaters is investigated. Analytical results based on a linear propagation model and Gaussian pulse shape with linear chirp as well as more realistic simulations, taking into account different pulse shapes and fiber nonlinearities, show that analog optoelectronical repeaters allow a significant improvement in the dispersion accumulation along the chain compared with all-optical amplification. To transmit data sequences, return-to-zero modulation has to be applied and simulations show that 10 Gb/s data can be transmitted at least over a distance of 1000 km with an power penalty caused by dispersion of 0.7 dB only. However, the noise accumulation reduces this length. For sufficiently large number of fiber segments with realistic parameters, the all-optical amplification performs better from a noise point of view.
Characterization of a multilayered dielectric transmissive phase modulator (2001)

We describe a multilayered dielectric stack configuration designed specifically for use as a transmissive phase modulator for broadband optical signals. Applications for this device range from full aperture wavefront correction to nonmechanical beam steering arrays for free space optical communication links. Our implementation employs alternating GaAs and AlAs layers of varying thickness on a GaAs substrate to create a bandpass region of high average transmission in the near infrared. Within this transmission bandpass, the phase component of the complex transmission coefficient varies in a near-linear fashion with respect to wavelength. The transmission bandpass is designed to have a bandwidth of 21.0 nm (or 6.3THz frequency bandwidth) and to have an edge-to-edge relative phase change of greater than 4p radians. Modification of the stack materials' optical properties causes the transmission profile to shift spectrally, resulting in a phase modulation for specific bands of transmitted frequencies. Our broadband phase modulator imparts nearly a full-cycle of phase modulation with low loss and low group velocity dispersion. A sample comprising 91 alternating layers has been fabricated to exhibit the bandpass properties required for optical signal phase modulation. We experimentally characterize the sample using an interferometer and spectrometer to measure the spectral transmission and relative phase profiles and to assess the relative phase modulation in response to a variable angle of incidence. We compare the experimental data to computational predictions and discuss the results.
Limits on Liability (2010)

The decisions of the High Court with regards to the case Wallaby Grip Ltd v QBE Insurance (Australia) Limited; Stewart v QBE Insurance (Australia) Limited [2010] HCA 9 pertaining to limits on liability are discussed. The High Court overturned the Court of Appeal's decision and held that QBE bore the onus of proving the alleged restriction on the scope of its liability; and the decision is of particular significance in the case of long-tail insurance claims.
Association of <i>ATP1A1</i> and <i>Dear</i> Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Haplotypes With Essential Hypertension (2007)

Essential hypertension remains a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. As a complex multifactorial disease, elucidation of susceptibility loci remains elusive. ATP1A1 and Dear are candidate genes for 2 closely linked rat chromosome-2 blood pressure quantitative trait loci. Because corresponding human syntenic regions are on different chromosomes, investigation of ATP1A1 (chromosome [chr]-1p21) and Dear (chr-4q31.3) facilitates genetic analyses of each blood pressure quantitative trait locus in human hypertension. Here we report the association of human ATP1A1 (P<0.000005) and Dear (P<0.03) with hypertension in a relatively isolated, case/control hypertension cohort from northern Sardinia by single-nucleotide polymorphism haplotype analysis. Sex-specific haplotype analyses detected stronger association of both loci with hypertension in males than in females. Haplotype trend-regression analyses support ATP1A1 and Dear as independent susceptibility loci and reveal haplotype-specific association with hypertension and normotension, thus delineating haplotype-specific subsets of hypertension. Although investigation in other cohorts needs to be performed to determine genetic effects in other populations, haplotype subtyping already allows systematic stratification of susceptibility and, hence, clinical heterogeneity, a prerequisite for unraveling the polygenic etiology and polygene-environment interactions in essential hypertension. As hypertension susceptibility genes, coexpression of ATP1A1 and Dear in both renal tubular cells and vascular endothelium suggest a cellular pathogenic scaffold for polygenic mechanisms of hypertension, as well as the hypothesis that ATP1A1 and/or Dear could contribute to the known renal and vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with essential (polygenic) hypertension.