gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Switching Frequency Dynamic Control for DFIG Wind Turbine Performance Improvement Around Synchronous Speed (2016)

In a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine (WT), large thermal and mechanical oscillations occur around synchronous speed due to the nearly zero-frequency current circulating between rotor windings and rotor-side converter (RSC). A switching frequency dynamic control technique is proposed in this paper to overcome the problem. The basic idea is to dynamically reduce the switching frequency during operation so that both the switching losses and dead-time effect of RSC can be reduced around synchronous speed. According to the characteristic that high-frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) harmonics in DFIG decrease significantly with rotor slip, there would be a new space for switching frequency reduction especially around synchronous speed. The reduced of switching frequency is actually determined by a tradeoff between the increase of both the stator current PWM harmonics and speed PWM ripples and the decrease of insulated-gate bipolar transistor temperature. Compared with the conventional technique with constant switching frequency, the new technique can effectively improve the system performance around synchronous speed including not only better thermal behavior and efficiency of RSC but also smaller current total harmonics and speed total ripples in generator. To clarify the method, first, the effects of switching frequency reduction on a DFIG WT system are investigated. Second, the criteria, control scheme, and procedure of the method are presented. Finally, experimental and simulation studies were carried out, and the results validate its feasibility and effectiveness.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Thin, Conductive, and Fouling-Resistant Polymeric Films (2017)

Fouling has been a persistent issue within applications ranging from membrane separation to biomedical implantation. Research to date focuses on fouling-resistant coatings, where electrical conductivity is unnecessary. In this study, we report the synthesis of multifunctional thin films with both fouling resistance and electrical conductivity for their potential applications in the electrolysis-based self-cleaning of separation membranes and in the field of bioelectronics. This unique combination of properties results in multifunctional coatings that are a zwitterionic derivative of intrinsically conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) synthesized via oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD). Their fouling resistance is shown to be comparable to that of known dielectric fouling-resistant surfaces, such as a poly(4-vinylpyridine)-co-divinylbenzene (p4VP-DVB)-derived zwitterionic coating, an amphiphilic poly(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pPFDA-HEMA) coating, and a glass surface, and are far superior to the fouling resistance of gold or polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. The fouling resistances of seven surfaces are quantitatively characterized by molecular force probe (MFP) analysis. In addition, four-point probe electrical measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE), profilometry, water contact angle (WCA) measurements, surface ζ-potential measurements, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to characterize the physiochemical properties and morphology of the different surfaces.
Decoding of position in the developing neural tube from antiparallel morphogen gradients (2017)

Like many developing tissues, the vertebrate neural tube is patterned by antiparallel morphogen gradients. To understand how these inputs are interpreted, we measured morphogen signaling and target gene expression in mouse embryos and chick ex vivo assays. From these data, we derived and validated a characteristic decoding map that relates morphogen input to the positional identity of neural progenitors. Analysis of the observed responses indicates that the underlying interpretation strategy minimizes patterning errors in response to the joint input of noisy opposing gradients. We reverse-engineered a transcriptional network that provides a mechanistic basis for the observed cell fate decisions and accounts for the precision and dynamics of pattern formation. Together, our data link opposing gradient dynamics in a growing tissue to precise pattern formation.
Demand Control Ventilation Using CO~2 (2001)

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )-based demand controlled ventilation (DCV) is increasingly used to modulate outside air ventilation based on real-time occupancy. Its use could potentially become as common as thermostatic control is today. This article summarizes the current state of the art in CO 2 -based ventilation control including a brief discussion of the technology used, its reliability and how it is best applied. Like any control approach, the success of a CO 2 -based DCV application is dependent on how it is engineered and installed.
New Simple Polymeric Supports with Hydrazone Linkers for Solid-Phase Synthesis of Ketones and Primary Amines (2003)

The preparation of new solid supports with hydrazine anchoring groups and their application to solid-phase synthesis of ketones and primary amines are described. The supports were used for immobilization of ketones, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, pentan-3-one, acetone, N-methylpiperidone, N-benzylpiperidone, and tropinone in the form of their hydrazones. The polymer-supported hydrazones were subjected to deprotonation/alkylation procedure (LDA/RX) once or twice. The resulting alkylated products were cleaved off the solid support on treatment with trifluoroacetic acid in tetrahydrofuran providing α-alkylated or α,α′-bisalkylated ketones or were subjected to reductive cleavage with borane in tetrahydrofuran to give β-alkylated or β,β′-bisalkylated primary amines.
Differential Proteomic Analysis of the<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>Secretome: Distinct Plasmid and Chromosome CO<sub>2</sub>-Dependent Cross Talk Mechanisms Modulate Extracellular Proteolytic Activities (2006)

The secretomes of a virulent Bacillus anthracis strain and of avirulent strains (cured of the virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2), cultured in rich and minimal media, were studied by a comparative proteomic approach. More than 400 protein spots, representing the products of 64 genes, were identified, and a unique pattern of protein relative abundance with respect to the presence of the virulence plasmids was revealed. In minimal medium under high CO(2) tension, conditions considered to simulate those encountered in the host, the presence of the plasmids leads to enhanced expression of 12 chromosome-carried genes (10 of which could not be detected in the absence of the plasmids) in addition to expression of 5 pXO1-encoded proteins. Furthermore, under these conditions, the presence of the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids leads to the repression of 14 chromosomal genes. On the other hand, in minimal aerobic medium not supplemented with CO(2), the virulent and avirulent B. anthracis strains manifest very similar protein signatures, and most strikingly, two proteins (the metalloproteases InhA1 and NprB, orthologs of gene products attributed to the Bacillus cereus group PlcR regulon) represent over 90% of the total secretome. Interestingly, of the 64 identified gene products, at least 31 harbor features characteristic of virulence determinants (such as toxins, proteases, nucleotidases, sulfatases, transporters, and detoxification factors), 22 of which are differentially regulated in a plasmid-dependent manner. The nature and the expression patterns of proteins in the various secretomes suggest that distinct CO(2)-responsive chromosome- and plasmid-encoded regulatory factors modulate the secretion of potential novel virulence factors, most of which are associated with extracellular proteolytic activities.
Superconductivity in Nb-Ge-Al-O films above 44 K (1986)

Niobium-germanium-aluminum-oxygen films have been found to remain superconducting up to 44.5 K. The diamagnetic susceptibility of this material was confirmed close to χ∼−0.95 experimentally and the transition from a zero resistance state to a finite resistance state was induced by current.
Operation, power flow, system architecture and control challenges of split-parallel through-the-road hybrid electric vehicle (2015)

A split-parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a particular sub-type of the HEV in which the internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric motor provide propulsion power to different axles. Due to the coupling of power through the vehicle itself, its wheels and the road on which it moves - rather than through some mechanical device - the vehicle is referred to as a `through-the-road' (TTR) hybrid. A variant of the TTR hybrid has motors in the hub of the otherwise non-driven wheels, called in-wheel motors (IWM). This configuration enables an existing vehicle to be converted into a hybrid vehicle with minimal modification. The present work identifies specific operating modes and power flow of the TTR-IWM hybrid, specifically a retrofit-conversion hybrid, in comparison to the ordinary parallel hybrid vehicle. It discusses control architecture, control objectives and system parameters, along with specific control issues of the retrofit TTR-IWM hybrid vehicle.
Patterns of relapse after autologous purged bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma: a Childrens Cancer Group pilot study. (1993)

Neuroblastoma normally recurs in multiple sites after ABMT, particularly in areas of previous disease. More intensive treatment to known areas of disease (aggressive early surgery, effective myeloablative consolidation therapy) and post-ABMT therapy for minimal residual disease should be studied for their potential to decrease the frequency of relapse.
Attenuating Listeria monocytogenes Virulence by Targeting the Regulatory Protein PrfA (2016)

The transcriptional activator PrfA, a member of the Crp/Fnr family, controls the expression of some key virulence factors necessary for infection by the human bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Phenotypic screening identified ring-fused 2-pyridone molecules that at low micromolar concentrations attenuate L. monocytogenes cellular uptake by reducing the expression of virulence genes. These inhibitors bind the transcriptional regulator PrfA and decrease its affinity for the consensus DNA-binding site. Structural characterization of this interaction revealed that one of the ring-fused 2-pyridones, compound 1, binds at two separate sites on the protein: one within a hydrophobic pocket or tunnel, located between the C- and N-terminal domains of PrfA, and the second in the vicinity of the DNA-binding helix-turn-helix motif. At both sites the compound interacts with residues important for PrfA activation and helix-turn-helix formation. Ring-fused 2-pyridones represent a new class of chemical probes for studying virulence in L. monocytogenes.
Redox stability of inorganic arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) in aqueous solution (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox stability of inorganic arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) in aqueous solutionDennis E. Tallman and Ali U. ShaikhCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 1, 196–199Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50051a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50051a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views474Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of carbon foam from phenolic resin via template route (2010)

Carbon foams fall in the class of porous, cellular high temperature non-metallic materials with interconnected porosity. In present work, carbon foams have been prepared using commercially available polymeric foams as templates and thermosetting phenolic resin as carbon source. The prepared preform has been carbonized at different temperatures up to 1400°C in inert atmosphere to form carbon foam with interconnected porosity. The removal of volatiles at different temperatures has been studied using FTIR. The effect of heat treatment temperature on density and volume shrinkage has been studied. Thermal stability of carbon foam has been examined by TGA. The porosity of carbon foam has been measured using water porosity and kerosene porosity. Surface morphological studies have been carried out using SEM, which showed that the pores are uniformly distributed and highly interconnected throughout the structure. Compressive strength of the foam has been found to increase with heat treatment temperature.
The ARES® test system for palm OS handheld computers (2006)

The ARES (ANAM Readiness Evaluation System) is a cognitive testing system designed for operation on palm OS handheld computers i.e., Personal Digital Assistants (PDA). It provides an inexpensive and portable testing platform for field and clinical applications. ARES test batteries can be configured from a library of tests derived from the ANAM test system. ARES features include support of multiple users on a single PDA, a Microsoft Windows test battery authoring program, and a program for downloading, viewing, graphing, and archiving data. In validity tests, the same subjects were tested on identical ARES and conventional ANAM NeuroCog test batteries. Scores from the two platforms correlated highly, but absolute scores differed slightly. In reliability testing with the ARES Warrior battery, ARES scores were highly correlated in daily tests.
Recent advances in the design of a cyclotron-driven intense, subcritical neutron source (1997)

Most of the nuclear reactors used today for radioisotope production (mainly 99Mo for nuclear medicine), research and industrial applications, are due, in the next years, for a major refurbishment or for
A Genome-Wide View of the <i>In vitro</i> Response to <scp>l</scp>-Asparaginase in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2005)

To investigate the effect of l-asparaginase on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we used cDNA microarrays to obtain a genome-wide view of gene expression both at baseline and after in vitro exposure to l-asparaginase in cell lines and pediatric ALL samples. In 16 cell lines, a baseline gene expression pattern distinguished l-asparaginase sensitivity from resistance. However, for 28 pediatric ALL samples, no consistent baseline expression pattern was associated with sensitivity to l-asparaginase. In particular, baseline expression of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) was not predictive of response to l-asparaginase. After exposure to l-asparaginase, 5 cell lines and 10 clinical samples exhibited very similar changes in the expression of a large number of genes. However, the gene expression changes occurred more slowly in the clinical samples. These changes included a consistent increase in expression of tRNA synthetases and solute transporters and activating transcription factor and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein family members, a response similar to that observed with amino acid starvation. There was also a consistent decrease in many genes associated with proliferation. Taken together, the changes seem to reflect a consistent coordinated response to asparagine starvation in both cell lines and clinical samples. Importantly, in the clinical samples, increased expression of ASNS after l-asparaginase exposure was not associated with in vitro resistance to l-asparaginase, indicating that ASNS-independent mechanisms of in vitro l-asparaginase resistance are common in ALL. These results suggest that targeting particular genes involved in the response to amino acid starvation in ALL cells may provide a novel way to overcome l-asparaginase resistance.
Fluorophenols and (Trifluoromethyl)phenols as Substrates of Site-Selective Metalation Reactions: To Protect or not To Protect (2001)

O-Methoxymethyl (MOM) protected fluorophenols can be cleanly metalated and subsequently be submitted to site-selective electrophilic substitution. The 2- and 4-isomers exhibit ambivalent reactivity: deprotonation occurs at the position adjacent to the oxygen when butyllithium is employed whereas the position adjacent to the fluorine is attacked by the superbasic mixture of butyllithium and potassium tert-butoxide (LIC-KOR). The MOM-protected (trifluoromethyl)phenols react exclusively at oxygen-neighboring positions. The meta isomer provides another example of optional site selectivity, undergoing hydrogen/metal exchange at the 2-position with the LIC-KOR reagent and at the 6-position with sec-butyllithium. Unprotected (trifluoromethyl)phenols can also be ortho-metalated after O-deprotonation, although the products are formed in only moderate yields.
A new power factor correction circuit for electronic ballasts with series-load resonant inverter (2002)

This paper presents an efficient, small-sized, and cost-effective power factor correction scheme for high-frequency series-resonant electronic ballasts. The proposed scheme introduces additional small energy tanks processing partial power and thus can perform the function of input current shaping. Theoretical and experimental results prove that the electronic ballast incorporating with only few reactive components can achieve nearly unity power factor and very low harmonic distortion.
Multiple‐Cohort Genetic Association Study Reveals CXCR6 as a New Chemokine Receptor Involved in Long‐Term Nonprogression to AIDS (2010)

The statistical significance, the replication, and the magnitude of the association demonstrate that CXCR6 is likely involved in the molecular etiology of AIDS and, in particular, in LTNP, emphasizing the power of extreme-phenotype cohorts. CXCR6 is a chemokine receptor that is known as a minor coreceptor in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection but could participate in disease progression through its role as a mediator of inflammation.
Product usability estimation using musculoskeletal model (2010)

This paper proposes an estimation method of product usability using a musculoskeletal model. The aim of this study is to estimate product usability based on tendon forces during an object manipulation. First, we explain the estimation method of product usability. The product usability is estimated quantitatively from the tendon forces. The mulculoskeletal model of the index finger and the thumb is constructed to calculate the tendon forces. We call this model the tendon skeletal model. The tendon forces are calculated based on grasping information using a tendon skeletal model. Next, the cylinder pinching simulation using the proposed method is shown. The simulation result is compared with the human experimental result to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The sensory evaluation of the subjective grasp effort was conducted with five subjects. The calculated score of the simulation reflects the questionnaire survey result by the subjects. As an application, we show the evaluation results of the cell-phone button pushing. The calculated score by the simulation is also compared with the human questionnaire score. These results indicate that the proposed method can be used for the quantitative evaluation of the product usability.
Photostabilisation of Polymer Materials (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction UV absorbers Quenchers Radical scavengers HALS Influence molecular weight of the stabilizers Synergism between UV stabilizers UV degradation and effectivity of UV stabilizers for selected polymers Appendix References
ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion: <i>KRAS</i>, Cetuximab, and Panitumumab—Clinical Implications in Colorectal Cancer (2009)

ASCO's Provisional Clinical Opinion alerts oncologists to emerging information from recent clinical trials that can assist them in treatment selection. Evidence suggests that cetuximab and panitumumab are ineffective in patients with KRAS mutations at codon 12 or 13. Thus, patients with colorectal cancer with these mutations should be spared the toxicity and cost of an ineffective therapy.
Effective youth ministry : theology-driven in a cultural context : original research (2015)

Recently Youth Ministry finds itself mostly in a crisis as it is wrongly presented. In a nutshell the crisis can be described as falling short of leading young people to become mature Christian adults. Research shows that there are a variety of contributing factors to this crisis. This article focuses on two of these contributing factors. Firstly, Youth Ministry today is skill and socially driven, rather than theology or spiritually driven. The discussion commences by indicating the importance of establishing theology as the foundation of Youth Ministry. A Christ-centric theological framework as foundation for effective Youth Ministry is proposed. The article emphasises the meaning and essence of theology, with the Sola Scriptura approach being followed throughout. The second contributing factor discussed is the issue that cultural relevance is wrongly being made the heartbeat and foundation of Youth Ministry instead of theology. The article gives culture its rightful and relevant place in Youth Ministry, without it overshadowing the foundation of effective Youth Ministry, namely theology. Postmodernism and subculture also receive attention and in the conclusion the emphasis falls on a call to return to a Youth Ministry that is theology driven in a cultural context.
Effektiewe Jeugbediening: Teologies-gedrewe in 'n Kulturele Konteks. Tans verkeer Jeugbediening grootliks in 'n krisis, aangesien dit verkeerd aangebied word. Kortliks behels hierdie krisis dat Jeugbediening daarin te kort skiet om jongmense tot volwasse Christenskap te lei. Navorsing toon verskeie faktore wat tot hierdie krisis bydra. Die artikel fokus op twee van hierdie bydraende faktore. Eerstens val die soeklig op die feit dat Jeugbediening tans metode- en sosiaal-gedrewe eerder as teologies- of spiritueel-gedrewe is. Die bespreking toon die belangrikheid daarvan om teologie en die behoefte daaraan as fondament in Jeugbediening te vestig. Die aanbeveling is dat daar 'n Christelik-teologiese raamwerk as fondament vir effektiewe Jeugbediening moet wees. Die fokus is op die betekenis en essensie van teologie met die Sola Scriptura benadering as deurgaans sentraal. Die tweede bydraende faktor tot die krisis is die feit dat kulturele relevansie in plaas van teologie verkeerdelik die hartklop en fondament van Jeugbediening gemaak word. Die artikel bied aan kultuur sy regverdige en relevante plek in Jeugbediening gebied sonder dat dit die fondament van Jeugbediening, naamlik teologie oorskadu. Postmodernisme en subkultuur geniet ook aandag. Ten slotte word die waarde van die artikel uitgelig deur die oproep tot die terugkeer na Jeugbediening wat teologies vanuit 'n kulturele konteks gedryf word.
Automatic registration of microarray images. II. Hexagonal grid (2003)

http://fleece.ucsd.edu/~vit/Registration_Supplement.pdf