gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laser exposure induced alteration of WS <sub>2</sub> monolayers in the presence of ambient moisture (2017)

Photoluminescence (PL) emergence in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as WS2, has been one of the key attractions of such materials. However, there have been many observational contradictions in PL measurements presented in the past literature. This work addresses such issues. Firstly, the observational changes of the flakes' PL patterns under exposure to various intensities of radiant exposure via laser sources are presented. These experiments show that these changes are a function of radiant exposure. Interestingly, it is observed that PL loss is accompanied by a change of the profile height for WS2 monolayers. In order to explore the fundamental mechanism for PL and height variations, laser irradiation was applied to monolayer WS2 flakes with varying radiant exposure to obtain PL maps, under the absence and presence of oxygen, H2O and nitrogen molecules in the atmosphere. It was seen that, after relatively high radiant exposure (>15 mJ μm-2), the PL pattern loss occurs only in the presence of atmospheric H2O molecules (45% humidity) and is also accompanied by an increase in height. Compositional analysis determined that this height increase was due to the substitution of surface S atoms with sulphate groups. This discovery represents an important step forward in understanding the necessary precautions when investigating optical properties of 2D TMDs in atmospheric conditions, and highlights the need for precise evaluation of the thresholds for radiant exposure at which specific reactions begin to occur. This knowledge is crucial for efficient and effective control of ambient operating conditions for optical characterisation of monolayer WS2 and TMDs in general.
Use of Blood Glucose Meters Featuring Color Range Indicators Improves Glycemic Control in Patients With Diabetes in Comparison to Blood Glucose Meters Without Color (ACCENTS Study) (2018)

This study demonstrated that switching patients to BGMs featuring a CRI resulted in improvements in glycemic control compared to subjects using currently marketed BGMs that do not use a CRI. Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02929654 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02929654.
Information Retrieval for Intelligent Information Integration in Nuclear Power Plant. (2000)

The present study aimed at investigating functional requirements for information retrieval method to develop integrated information management for nuclear power plant and also aimed at developing a prototype system based on the extracted requirements. Among several requirements for supporting intelligent activities of plant operators, the focus has been set on the support function for effective retrieval from stored database, which is consistent with the cognitive process of operators. The functions of the quick wave form search based on partial similarity and of the data search based on hierarchically defined attributes have been realized with the man-machine interface for practical use. As for the quick wave form search based on partial similarity, the validity of this method has been evaluated through the numerical experiments for searching artificially induced wave form simulating signal anomalies. As for the data search based on hierarchically defined attributes, the validity of the proposed system has been shown through the process of possible user and system interaction for anomaly detection and retrospective analysis when some anomalies arise in terms of frequency characteristics in a specific frequency band.
Minocycline Attenuates HIV Infection and Reactivation by Suppressing Cellular Activation in Human CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells (2010)

Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is effective but can be associated with toxic effects and is expensive. Other options may be useful for long-term therapy. The immunomodulatory antibiotic minocycline could be an effective, low-cost adjunctive treatment to HAART. Minocycline mediated a dose-dependent decrease in single-cycle CXCR4-tropic HIV infection and decreased viral RNA after infection of CD4+ T cells with HIV NL4-3. Reactivation from latency was also decreased in a primary CD4+ T cell-derived model and in resting CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected patients. Minocycline treatment resulted in significant changes in activation marker expression and inhibited proliferation and cytokine secretion of CD4+ T cells in response to activation. This study demonstrates that minocycline reduces HIV replication and reactivation and decreases CD4+ T cell activation. The anti-HIV effects of minocycline are mediated by altering the cellular environment rather than directly targeting virus, placing minocycline in the class of anticellular anti-HIV drugs.
Divergent effects of FcγRIIIA ligands on the functional activities of human natural killer cells <i>in vitro</i> (1996)

The Fc gamma receptor (R)IIIA (CD 16) plays an important role in regulating the cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic functions of human natural killer (NK) cells. Some anti-CD 16 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been shown to stimulate NK activity, while human monomeric (m) IgG induces dose-dependent inhibition of NK activity. To explore further these interactions mediated via Fc gamma RIIIA, purified NK cells were cultured for 2-3 days in the presence of mIgG, 3G8 mAb, interleukin-2 (IL-2) or a combination of mIgG or 3G8 with IL-2. Binding of mIgG or 3G8 to Fc gamma RIIIA induced divergent effects of functions of cultured NK cells: 3G8 mAb + IL-2 induced dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation attributable to apoptosis; in contrast, mIgG + IL-2 significantly increased NK cell proliferation. Incubation of NK cells in the presence of mIgG up-regulated expression of surface activation markers (CD69, IL-2R alpha, ICAM-1), cytotoxicity, cytokine production (IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) and release of soluble IL-2R. Thus, mIgG binding to Fc gamma RIIIA induced stimulatory signals in human NK cells, leading to up-regulation of IL-2R alpha expression, cell proliferation and cytokine release.
Digital image tiles: a method for the processing of large sections (1985)

Segmentation of large areas of light microscopic slides into N by N fields, and each of these fields into M digital image tiles, allows the scanning, storage and digital processing of large images. Any of the original N2 fields or composites of M adjacent tiles can be recalled to the video display for analysis. Developed procedures for use on a microscope equipped with a precision scanning stage allow registration of the image coordinates (X-Y) for any original or composite field and the alignment of one of these fields along the depth (Z) axis by means of external, machined fiducial marks in serial sections. To facilitate work whenever unavoidable, we have incorporated methods for digital image panning and zooming (changes of magnification) and discuss their use and implications.
Evaluation of a Network Extraction Topology Algorithm for Reducing Search Space of a GA-based Routing Approach (2006)

In order to support multimedia communication, it is necessary to develop routing algorithms which use for routing more than one QoS parameters. This is because new services such as video on demand and remote meeting systems require better QoS. Also, for admission control of multimedia applications different QoS parameters should be considered. In our previous work, we proposed an intelligent routing and CAC strategy using cooperative agents. The proposed routing algorithm is a combination of source and distributed routing. However, in the previous research, we only considered the time delay for the routing. Also, QoS and congestion control parameters were considered just as indicators of QoS satisfication and congestion. In this work, we extend our previous work by proposing and implementing new algorithms based on fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm which use for admission control and routing many QoS parameters. Also, we evaluate by simulations the performance of the network extraction topology algorithm which reduces the search space of the proposed GA-based routing approach. Thus, the GA can find a feasible route very fast.
Three-Dimensional Imaging of Point Defects in Functional Materials Using Quantitative STEM (2015)

Journal Article Three-Dimensional Imaging of Point Defects in Functional Materials Using Quantitative STEM Get access Jinwoo Hwang Jinwoo Hwang Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 21, Issue S3, 1 August 2015, Pages 1233–1234, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615006959 Published: 23 September 2015
The Quiescent-Cell Expression System for Protein Synthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1999)

The quiescent-cell expression system is a radical alternative to conventional fermentation for protein overproduction in Escherichia coli. It is dependent on the controlled overexpression of a small RNA called Rcd in hns mutant strains to generate nongrowing, quiescent cells which are not nutrient limited. Quiescent cells no longer produce biomass and have their metabolic resources channelled toward the expression of plasmid-based genes. The biosynthetic capacity of the system is demonstrated by its ability to express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase to more than 40% of total cell protein. Quiescent cells may provide an ideal environment for the expression of toxic as well as benign proteins.
Lag time changes between capillary blood glucose and in-vivo interstitial glucose levels by HATR-FTIR spectroscopy (2011)

Method of the lag/latency time (LT) measurement, calculation and interpretation can be simultaneously applied to study in vivo glucose diffusion from the capillary to the skin tissue, to calibrate spectroscopically measured glucose levels during real-time glucose monitoring of dynamic processes in the skin tissue and to study glucose optical properties in the living skin tissue. Based on previous reports on determining interstitial glucose levels and their LT's by HATR-FTIR spectroscopy, here the LT was calculated for each glucose absorbance level at about 1030-41, 1080, 1118 and 1153 cm<sup>-1</sup> during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with different doses (5g, 20g, 75g). The LT showed dose-dependency and described intra-/inter-subject changes of skin glucose dynamics in healthy and diabetes subjects. The time required for glucose to diffuse from the capillary to the skin tissue was shorter in a diabetes subject, than in a healthy subject, independently on intaken dose of glucose. Nevertheless, in both subjects the LT changes ranged within 0–50 minutes. Measurement of the LT demonstrated a potential to provide insight to healthy and diabetic glucose dynamics between the blood and interstitial fluid compartments in the upper layer of the skin tissue. Also, the LT might be regarded as a method to calibrate dynamic measurements of glucose in vivo by this spectroscopy method and to characterize living skin tissue glucose optical properties.
Investigation of the Influence of the Local Microstructure of Copper Interconnects on Void Formation and Evolution during Electromigration Testing (2006)

The electromigration‐induced void evolution has been investigated in‐situ on fully embedded inlaid copper test structures inside a SEM, utilizing the method described in [1]. After the failure of the test structure or after significant voiding had been observed the cathode via region of the samples was prepared for subsequent TEM and/or EBSD analysis in order to reveal the position of grain boundaries and the orientations of the grains in the neighborhood of a void. It was confirmed that intersections of grain boundaries with interfaces of the interconnect lines or clusters of small grains can act as nucleation sites for initial void formation or as trapping sites on which voids can be stopped. Furthermore, it was found that for interconnects with strengthened top interface, where the diffusion rate is significantly lower due to the changed chemical bonding, that the void movement occurs mainly along the copper/liner interface. Such interconnects show significantly longer lifetimes. In this paper, local alloying of copper interconnects with aluminum is reported.
Patterns of Use and Reasons for Discontinuation of Prophylactic Medications for Episodic Migraine and Chronic Migraine: Results From the Second International Burden of Migraine Study ( <scp>IBMS‐II</scp> ) (2013)

Less than half the persons with EM and CM were currently using preventive medication for migraine, with treatment rates being higher for CM, as expected. Those with CM tried more medications than those with EM, possibly reflecting higher levels of treatment need.
A Synthetic Procedure for Secondary Bromides from Alcohols (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Synthetic Procedure for Secondary Bromides from AlcoholsGlenn L. Jenkins and James C. Kellett Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 2, 624–625Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01049a503https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01049a503research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>bcl-2</i> overexpression promotes myocyte proliferation (2002)

To determine the influence of Bcl-2 on the developmental biology of myocytes, we analyzed the population dynamics of this cell type in the heart of transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing Bcl-2 under the control of the α-myosin heavy chain promoter. TG mice and non-TG (wild type, WT) mice were studied at 24 days, 2 months, and 4 months after birth. Bcl-2 overexpression produced a significant increase in the percentage of cycling myocytes and their mitotic index. These effects were strictly connected to the expression of the transgene, as demonstrated in isolated myocytes. The formation of mitotic spindle and contractile ring was identified in replicating cells. These typical aspects of mitosis were complemented with the demonstration of karyokinesis and cytokinesis to provide structural evidence of cell division. Apoptosis was low at all ages and was not affected by Bcl-2. The higher cell replication rate in TG was conditioned by a decrease in the expression of the cell-cycle inhibitors, p21 WAF1 and p16 INK4a , and by an increase in Mdm2-p53 complexes. In comparison with WT, TG had 0.4 × 10 6 , 0.74 × 10 6 , and 1.2 × 10 6 more myocytes in the left ventricle at 24 days, 2 months, and 4 months, respectively. Binucleated myocytes were 12% and 25% larger in WT than in TG mice at 2 and 4 months of age. Taken together, these observations reveal a previously uncharacterized replication-enhancing function of Bcl-2 in myocytes in vivo in the absence of stressful conditions.
Stacking of Ceramic Inverse Opals with Different Lattice Constants (2012)

The feasibility of stacking of thin ceramic inverse opals with incommensurable periodicity constants was investigated. Inverse opals with photonic stopgaps in the infrared range were prepared by the vertical convective self‐assembly from aqueous suspensions of monodisperse polystyrene ( PS ) particles with the sizes of 476, 608, and 756 nm. The opal templates were infiltrated with TiO 2 by a low‐temperature atomic layer deposition process using titanium isopropoxide and water as precursors. The second PS template could be deposited on top of the infiltrated opal layer after exposing the latter to the UV ‐light, which rendered its surface hydrophilic. Finally, the sacrificial PS templates were removed by calcination at 500°C. It is shown that smoothness of the surface of the inverse opals is crucial for the photonic performance of the heterostructures. Two well‐defined stopgaps could be observed in the spectra of reflectance of the stacked inverse opals with improved surface morphology.
Rocaglamide Derivatives Are Immunosuppressive Phytochemicals That Target NF-AT Activity in T Cells (2005)

Aglaia (family Meliaceae) plants are used in traditional medicine (e.g., in Vietnam) for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and allergic inflammatory disorders such as asthma. Inflammatory diseases arise from inappropriate activation of the immune system, leading to abnormal expression of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and tissue-destructive enzymes. The active compounds isolated from these plants are derivatives of rocaglamide. In this study we show that rocaglamides are potent immunosuppressive phytochemicals that suppress IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IL-4 production in peripheral blood T cells at nanomolar concentrations. We demonstrate that rocaglamides inhibit cytokine gene expression at the transcriptional level. At the doses that inhibit cytokine production, they selectively block NF-AT activity without impairing NF-kappaB and AP-1. We also show that inhibition of NF-AT activation by rocaglamide is mediated by strong activation of JNK and p38 kinases. Our study suggests that rocaglamide derivatives may serve as a new source of NF-AT-specific inhibitors for the treatment of certain inflammatory diseases.
Monitoring IDocs (2000)

There are some utilities in R/3 that help monitoring all the IDocs in the system. They allow viewing them, analysing eventual cause of error and retrying IDoc processing in case of failure.
Reviews of Books (1959)

Reviews of Books Get access The Crawsbay Dynasty. By JOHN P. ADDIS. (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1957.) The British Tinplate Industry. By W. E. MINCHINGTON (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957.) A. H. JOHN A. H. JOHN London School of Economics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXIV, Issue 292, July 1959, Pages 507–509, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXIV.292.507 Published: 01 July 1959
Knowledge Graph Representation Learning With Multi-Scale Capsule-Based Embedding Model Incorporating Entity Descriptions (2020)

A Knowledge Graph (KG) is a directed graph with nodes as entities and edges as relations. KG representation learning (KGRL) aims to embed entities and relations in a KG into continuous low-dimensional vector spaces, so as to simplify the manipulation while preserving the inherent structure of the KG. In this paper, we propose a KG embedding framework, namely MCapsEED (Multi-Scale Capsule-based Embedding Model Incorporating Entity Descriptions). MCapsEED employs a Transformer in combination with a relation attention mechanism to identify the relation-specific part of an entity description and obtain the description representation of an entity. The structured and description representations of an entity are integrated into a synthetic representation. A 3-column matrix with each column a synthetic representation of an element of a triple is fed into a Multi-Scale Capsule-based Embedding model to produce final representations of the head entity, the tail entity and the relation. Experiments show that MCapsEED achieves better performance than state-of-the-art embedding models for the task of link prediction on four benchmark datasets. Our code can be found at https://github.com/1780041410/McapsEED.
A Study on Package Stacking Process for Package-on-Package (PoP) (2006)

This paper outlines package stacking process guidelines for a package-on-package (PoP) configuration. PoP stacks currently in production or development consist of a bottom package containing a high performance logic device designed to receive a mating top package typically containing high capacity or combination memory devices. System manufactures achieve lowest cost and maximum logistical benefits, when these two components are sourced from different IC device suppliers then stacked in the final board assembly flow. Thus, the package stacking process is a key technology in order for system manufacturers to be able to select the top and bottom components from various suppliers. This is because each package may have a different warpage trend from room temperature to reflow temperature. In this study, Sharp's chip scale package (top CSP) was mounted on Amkor's bottom CSP to enable package stacking in order to know if packages from two suppliers can get a good solder joint after stacking. The top package is 152 balls CSP with 0.65mm pitch, and a 2-row format. The bottom CSP is 352 balls with 0.5mm pitch and a 4-row format. In both cases, the package size is 14mm /spl times/ 14mm. Flux and solder paste provided by Senju metal industry were tested to stack the packages and mount them on test boards using a multifunctional placement machine manufactured by Panasonic factory solutions. While selecting the top package with minimum warpage, both at room and reflow temperature, we varied the warpage amount from 50 to 150 /spl mu/m for the bottom package by changing the die size and then investigating the solder joint. The result showed that even in the case where the bottom package had large warpage, the solder joint of the top-to-bottom package was well formed by the fluxing process. However, we observed open solder joints between the bottom package and the test board when the conventional screen printing method was used. Prior to the board mounting, we applied the solder paste dipping process to the solder ball of the bottom package. This solder paste was newly developed to optimize rheology and powder size for package stacking. Using the solder paste dipping process, the solder joint yield was much improved even when the bottom package was warped. Using this solder paste dipping process for the top package, the same effect will be expected if the top package has a large warpage.
Terminal Care in Australia (1987)

Palliative Care/Hospice in Australia is expressed in the three modes which are best known internationally, namely (1) the hospice ward in a general or community hospital, (2) the home care program with institutional back-up, and (3) free standing hospices or cottage hospices. This paper traces the development of these three approaches to the care of the dying and examines the growing edge of palliative care/hospice in Australia. From early initiatives in religious-sponsored institutions, the last five years have seen expansion in programs and also in geographical coverage of hospice care. State and national affiliation is fostering research in care of the terminally ill, education of health professionals and discussion of standards. The present uneven distribution of palliative care services suggests the need for research into the care of subgroups in Australia, in particular rural dwellers, ethnic Australians and Aboriginals.