gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuropharmacological Characterization of Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels: Possible Existence of Neomycin-Sensitive, ω-Conotoxin GVIA- and Dihydropyridines-Resistant Calcium Channels in the Rat Brain (1993)

We attempted to characterize the functional roles of subtypes of voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the brain. The maximal number of [125I]omega-conotoxin GVIA (omega-CTX) binding sites in rat brain associated with N-type calcium channels (N-channels) was approximately 10 times more than that of [3H]-PN200-110 associated with L-type calcium channels (L-channels). [125I]omega-CTX binding was inhibited by aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin and dynorphin A(1-13), but not by various classes of L-channel antagonists. A 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion of the striatum resulted in a marked reduction of both [125I]-omega-CTX and [3H]PN200-110 binding. Kainic acid-induced lesion of the striatum reduced [3H]PN200-110 binding by 57%, but did not reduce [125I]omega-CTX binding. Omega-CTX produced a small (18%) but significant reduction of potassium-stimulated Ca2+ influx into rat brain synaptosomes, although it produced a concentration-dependent inhibition in chick brain synaptosomes. Neomycin inhibited Ca2+ influx in both preparations in a concentration-dependent manner. Both omega-CTX and neomycin inhibited potassium-stimulated [3H]dopamine (DA) release from rat striatal slices. The L-channel antagonists had no effect on either Ca2+ influx or [3H]DA release. These results suggest that DA release in the striatum is regulated by Ca2+ influx through N-channels located in presynaptic nerve terminals, and that the most of the Ca2+ influx in rat brain appears to be governed by neomycin-sensitive, omega-CTX- and DHP-resistant calcium channels.
Explotación de la encuentas de población activa (2005)

Recently, the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE) has made a large quantity of data files freely available on the Internet. This article explains how to use of these, namely, the Active Population Survey for the first trimester of 2005. Firstly, the use of this file permits familiarization with the procedures necessary to use the rest of the files. Secondly, comment is made on some of the possibilities and limitations of the aforementioned survey. The text focuses on the use of the computer application SPSS which is discussed in sufficient detail that the paper is useful for the use of other applications.
Serum and Mucosal Nitric Oxide Levels and Efficacy of Sodium Nitroprussid in Experimentally Induced Acute Sinusitis (2003)

Experimental acute sinusitis was induced in 21 New Zealand hybrid rabbits by occluding the ostium and inoculating them with Streptococcus pneumonia. While a group of rabbits with sinusitis was left untreated, two other groups were administered parenteral sodium nitroprussid (SNP) and oral levofloxacin for ten days. While staphylococci species, non-hemolytic streptococcus and contaminated flora were isolated from the sinuses of controls, Streptococcus pneumonia was re-isolated in two of six untreated rabbits, in one of six SNP administered rabbits and none of the levofloxacin treated rabbits. Serum and maxillary sinus mucosal nitric oxide (NO) levels were correlated. While the mean maxillary sinus NO level of controls was significantly higher than that of untreated rabbits, the mean maxillary sinus and serum NO levels were significantly higher in SNP administered rabbits than in the others. Although goblet cell hyperplasia and squamous cell metaplasia were detected in some slides, edema and neutrophil infiltration were the prominent findings. The most severe inflammatory changes were found in the untreated sinusitis group on the third and fifth days. The earliest improvement was observed in the levofloxacin treated rabbits. It was concluded that NO level is decreased during acute sinusitis and that SNP administration hastens the bacteriological and histological recovery.
Chronos: Secure and Accurate Time-Stamping Scheme for Digital Files via Blockchain (2019)

It is common to certify when a file was created in digital investigations, e.g., determining first inventors for patentable ideas in intellectual property systems to resolve disputes. Secure time-stamping schemes can be derived from blockchain-based storage to protect files from backdating/forward-dating, where a file is integrated into a transaction on a blockchain and the timestamp of the corresponding block reflects the latest time the file was created. Nevertheless, blocks' timestamps in blockchains suffer from time errors, which causes the inaccuracy of files' timestamps. In this paper, we propose an accurate blockchain-based time-stamping scheme called Chronos. In Chronos, when a file is created, the file and a sufficient number of successive blocks that are latest confirmed on blockchain are integrated into a transaction. Due to chain quality, it is computationally infeasible to pre-compute these blocks. The time when the last block was chained to the blockchain serves as the earliest creation time of the file. The time when the block including the transaction was chained indicates the latest creation time of the file. Therefore, Chronos makes the file's creation time corresponding to this time interval. Based on chain growth, Chronos derives the time when these two blocks were chained from their heights on the blockchain, which ensures the accuracy of the file's timestamp. The security and performance of Chronos are demonstrated by a comprehensive evaluation.
Oil mining: an emerging technology (1981)

Demonstration or commercial gravity drainage oil mining projects are currently operating in the US and the USSR, and extractive techniques are being used in Canada. A review of reservoirs in 60 free world countries indicates potential candidates for oil mining in most of the petroleum producing regions. There are 20 countries where the potential for applying emerging oil mining technology, primarily by gravity drainage, appears the greatest.
Disordered Molecular Sieve with Branched Mesoporous Channel Network (1996)

A disordered mesoporous silica material has been prepared using polymerization of silicate anions surrounding surfactant micelles in the presence of organic salts. The local structure of the material has been investigated using a transmission electron micrograph image of platinum wire grown inside the mesopores. This micrograph imaging technique, developed in the present work, clarifies that the pore structure is a three-dimensional, disordered network of short wormlike channels while the channel widths are uniform. The fully disordered channel branching similar to a three-dimensional fractal with truly uniform channel widths distinguishes the present material with respect to the recently found ordered mesoporous molecular sieve MCM-41. The branching channel structure has a remarkable advantage for adsorption and catalytic applications, compared with the MCM-41. The structure also exhibits outstanding hydrothermal stability. The recognition of the disordered, branching structure with uniform channel widths is expected to open a new class of noncrystalline molecular sieves, and the unique structures with good stability will provide new opportunities for rational design of heterogeneous catalysts, adsorbents, and other related materials.
An Experimental Investigation of Higher Order Mode Suppression in TEM Cells (2008)

Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cells can be used to evaluate the electric and magnetic fields coupling from integrated circuits (ICs). The propagation and reflection of higher order modes in the cells limits the bandwidth of TEM cells. This paper investigates several methods for suppressing higher order modes in TEM cells in order to extend the applicable frequency range without changing the test topology. Numerical models and measurements of a modified TEM cell demonstrate how higher order mode suppression techniques can extend the useful frequency range of a TEM cell for IC measurements from 1 to 2.5 GHz.
Detection of Gastric Cancer Micrometastases in Lymph Nodes by Amplification of Keratin 19 mRNA with Reverse Transcriptase‐Polymerase Chain Reaction (1996)

A sensitive method for the detection of gastric cancer micrometastases in lymph nodes was developed. The method was based on amplification of keratin 19 mRNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Keratin 19 RT-PCR showed that keratin 19 mRNA was expressed in all 12 gastric cancers, but not in any of 20 normal control lymph nodes, indicating that keratin 19 mRNA is a good target of RT-PCR for the detection of gastric cancer micrometastases in lymph nodes. Serial dilution studies of RNA extracted from gastric cancers against RNA extracted from control lymph nodes demonstrated that the detection sensitivity of the keratin 19 RT-PCR method was one cancer cell in 10(3)-10(5) lymph node cells. Detectability of lymph node metastases was compared between keratin 19 RT-PCR and conventional histological examination, using 100 lymph nodes obtained from 12 gastric cancer patients. Keratin 19 mRNA was detected in all of the seven lymph nodes which were histologically metastasis-positive. Of the 93 lymph nodes which were histologically metastasis-negative, 79 were found not to express keratin 19 mRNA but 14 were found to express keratin 19 mRNA, indicating that these lymph nodes contained micrometastases which could not be detected by histological examination. These results demonstrate that keratin 19 RT-PCR is a more sensitive method than histological examination for the detection of gastric micrometastases in lymph nodes.
Hematologically and Genetically Distinct Forms of Sickle Cell Anemia in Africa (1985)

Patients with sickle cell anemia vary in the hematologic and clinical features of their disease, in part because of variability in the presence of linked and unlinked genes that modify the expression of the disease. The hemoglobin S gene is strongly linked to three different haplotypes of polymorphic endonuclease-restriction sites of the beta-like gene cluster (genes in the vicinity of the beta-globin gene)--one prevalent in Atlantic West Africa, another in central West Africa, and yet another in Bantu-speaking Africa (equatorial, East, and southern Africa). We have studied the differences in the hematologic characteristics of patients with sickle cell anemia from the first two geographical areas. We find that the Senegalese (Atlantic West Africa) patients have higher levels of hemoglobin F, a preponderance of G gamma chains in hemoglobin F, a lower proportion of very dense red cells, and a lower percentage of irreversibly sickled cells than those from Benin (central West Africa). We interpret these data to mean that the gamma-chain composition and the hemoglobin F level are haplotype linked and that the decrease in the percentage of dense cells and irreversibly sickled cells is secondary to the elevation in the hemoglobin F level. Patients with sickle cell anemia in the New World probably correspond to various combinations of these types, in addition to the still hematologically undefined haplotype associated with sickle cell anemia in the Bantu-speaking areas of Africa.
Video Super-Resolution via Deep Draft-Ensemble Learning (2015)

We propose a new direction for fast video super-resolution (VideoSR) via a SR draft ensemble, which is defined as the set of high-resolution patch candidates before final image deconvolution. Our method contains two main components -- i.e., SR draft ensemble generation and its optimal reconstruction. The first component is to renovate traditional feedforward reconstruction pipeline and greatly enhance its ability to compute different super resolution results considering large motion variation and possible errors arising in this process. Then we combine SR drafts through the nonlinear process in a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). We analyze why this framework is proposed and explain its unique advantages compared to previous iterative methods to update different modules in passes. Promising experimental results are shown on natural video sequences.
Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants affect pain and μ-opioid analgesia in mice and humans (2005)

Genotype at MC1R similarly affects pain sensitivity and M6G analgesia in mice and humans. These findings confirm the utility of cross species translational strategies in pharmacogenetics.
Large-scale analysis of individual and task differences in search result page examination strategies (2012)

Understanding the impact of individual and task differences on search result page examination strategies is important in developing improved search engines. Characterizing these effects using query and click data alone is common but insufficient since they provide an incomplete picture of result examination behavior. Cursor- or gaze-tracking studies reveal richer interaction patterns but are often done in small-scale laboratory settings. In this paper we leverage large-scale rich behavioral log data in a naturalistic setting. We examine queries, clicks, cursor movements, scrolling, and text highlighting for millions of queries on the Bing commercial search engine to better understand the impact of user, task, and user-task interactions on user behavior on search result pages (SERPs). By clustering users based on cursor features, we identify individual, task, and user-task differences in how users examine results which are similar to those observed in small-scale studies. Our findings have implications for developing search support for behaviorally-similar searcher cohorts, modeling search behavior, and designing search systems that leverage implicit feedback.
Ru and Ru–Ni Nanoparticles on TiO<sub>2</sub> Support as Extremely Active Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Ammonia–Borane (2016)

Highly dispersed monometallic Ru nanoparticles can be successfully synthesized on TiO2 supports for effective hydrogen production from ammonia–borane (NH3·BH3; AB). The choice of support material and reduction methods were confirmed to significantly influence the size of the Ru nanoparticles, and smaller sizes of Ru nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 1.7 nm could be formed on a TiO2 support material by H2 reduction at 200 °C. The catalytic activity of the Ru nanoparticles can be significantly enhanced by alloying with Ni atoms, whereby a significantly high total turnover number (TTO) of approximately 153000 over 8 h was achieved with an excellent turnover frequency (TOF) of 914 min–1 and an activation energy of 28.1 kJ mol–1. Detailed characterization by means of TEM, EDX, H2-TPR, and in situ XAFS measurements revealed that a synergistic alloying effect originates from the random distribution of Ru–Ni nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 2.3 nm and plays a crucial role in the exceptional catalytic performance. This catalytic system has particular potential for industrial application in fuel cells due to advantages such as the facile preparation method, the use of relatively cheap metals, and the exceptionally high catalytic activity.
Fabrication and characterization of an inorganic gold and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery system for nitric oxide (2010)

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in inhibiting the development of hepatic fibrosis and its ensuing complication of portal hypertension by inhibiting human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Here we have developed a gold nanoparticle and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery system containing NO donors, which could be used for potential therapeutic application in chronic liver disease. The gold nanoconjugates were characterized using several physico-chemical techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Silica nanoconjugates were synthesized and characterized as reported previously. NO released from gold and silica nanoconjugates was quantified under physiological conditions (pH = 7.4 at 37 degrees C) for a substantial period of time. HSC proliferation and the vascular tube formation ability, manifestations of their activation, were significantly attenuated by the NO released from these nanoconjugates. This study indicates that gold and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery systems for introducing NO could be used as a strategy for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis or chronic liver diseases, by limiting HSC activation.
The Cultured Red Blood Cell: A Study Tool with Therapeutic Perspectives (2005)

No abstract available.
Association of pp60c-src with biliary glycoprotein (CD66a), an adhesion molecule of the carcinoembryonic antigen family downregulated in colorectal carcinomas. (1995)

CD66a, also known as 'biliary glycoprotein (BGP)', is the human homologue of a cell adhesion molecule (CAM) of the rat (Cell-CAM). CD66a, which belongs to the carcinoembryonic antigen family and the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed in cells of myeloid and epithelial origin. The cytoplasmic domain of the major isoform of CD66a (CD66acyt) contains two tyrosine residues in amino acid motifs potentially interacting with protein tyrosine kinases of the Src family. Here we provide evidence that CD66a is associated with pp60c-src. From membrane fractions of granulocytes and the colonic cell line HT29, phosphokinase activity was co-immunoprecipitated with CD66a when monoclonal CD66 antibodies or an antiserum against the recombinant cytoplasmic domain of CD66a were used. From the dissociated immunecomplexes, a phosphokinase of M(r) 60,000 was reprecipitated using antibodies against pp60c-src. In vitro, the recombinant cytoplasmic domain was a substrate and binding partner of pp60c-src. Phosphopeptides corresponding to the tyrosine containing amino acid sequences of CD66acyt activated the kinase activity of pp60c-src to a greater extent than a phosphopeptide containing Tyr527 from the SH2-binding regulatory domain of pp60c-src. The down-regulation of CD66a in about 80% of colorectal carcinomas may contribute to a dysregulation of pp60c-src in colorectal cancer.
Customer targeting models using actively-selected web content (2008)

We consider the problem of predicting the likelihood that a company will purchase a new product from a seller. The statistical models we have developed at IBM for this purpose rely on historical transaction data coupled with structured firmographic information like the company revenue, number of employees and so on. In this paper, we extend this methodology to include additional text-based features based on analysis of the content on each company's website. Empirical results demonstrate that incorporating such web content can significantly improve customer targeting. Furthermore, we present methods to actively select only the web content that is likely to improve our models, while reducing the costs of acquisition and processing.
A 51 kDa Protein Kinase of Potato Activated with Hyphal Wall Components from Phytophthora infestans (1999)

In potato tuber tissue, treatment of fungal elicitor, hyphal wall components (HWC) induces various plant defense reactions. As treatment of protein kinase inhibitor prior to HWC treatment blocks some of defense reactions induced by HWC, involvement of protein kinases in plant defense induction is proposed. Here, we demonstrate HWC-induced activation of a 51-kDa protein kinase (abbreviated p51-PK) using myelin basic protein as a substrate in potato tuber discs. The activity of p51-PK was not detected in the absence of phosphatase inhibitor, NaF, and p51-PK was immuroprecipitated with antibody against phosphotyrosine. Pretreatment of phospholipase C inhibitor, neomycin, and GTP-binding protein activator, mastoparan, partially inhibited the HWC-induced activation of p51-PK, suggesting possible involvement of phospholipase C and GTP-binding protein in the activation of p51-PK. Exogenously supplied elicitors, salicylic acid and arachidonic acid, which are known to induce various defense responses in potato plants, also activated the protein kinase showing the same migration as p51-PK on SDS-PAGE and different activation patterns. These results implied that p51-PK might be involved in several signal transduction pathways leading to plant defense responses initiated by different stimuli.
An empirical analysis of intra- and inter-datacenter network failures for geo-distributed services (2013)

As cloud services continue to grow, a key requirement is delivering an 'always-on' experience to end users. Of the several factors affecting service availability, network failures in the hosting datacenters have received little attention. This paper presents a preliminary analysis of intra-datacenter and inter-datacenter network failures from a service perspective. We describe an empirical study analyzing and correlating network failure events over an year across multiple datacenters in a service provider. Our broader goal is to outline steps leveraging existing network mechanisms to improve end-to-end service availability.
The Law Priority Doctrine and China’s Food Safety Legislation (2011)

As one of the important doctrines in administration law, the law priority doctrine is an embodiment of the rule of administration law principle. Building up the system of the food safety legislation and the exertion of legislative power should follow the requirements of the law priority doctrine so that rights of food consumers could be protected and the administration organs could use their power according to laws. Key words: The Law Priority Doctrine; Food Safety Legislation; Food safety laws Resume Les principes de la priorite juridique sont des principe de droit administratif de la legalite, et manifestant l’importance du principe de droit administratif. Les Principes juridiques donnent la priorite legislation sur la securite alimentaire et les exigences de la construction du systeme, l'exercice du pouvoir legislatif devrait etre compatible avec cette exigence qui permettra a l'administration executive conformement a la loi de proteger les droits des consommateurs d'aliments. Mots cles : Principe prioritaires juridiques; Legislation sur la securite alimentaire; Loi de la securite alimentaire
Surface Finishing Using Carbon Nanotube Forest (2008)

The use of carbon nanotube forest as a brush tool to refine the surface roughness of brass in nanometer scale was reported. The carbon nanotube with a height of 700∼800 μm was first synthesized on silicon wafer by chemical vapor deposition. The carbon nanotube forest on silicon wafer was then transferred and bonded onto a stainless steel wheel. The wheel with carbon nanotube forest was installed on a precision milling machine and used to brush the surface of a brass specimen. The influence of various feed amount, brushing speed and brushing time on the surface roughness of the brass specimen were experimental evaluated. The results show that the increasing feed amount effectively reduces surface roughness of the brass specimen from 20 nanometers to 1 nanometer. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal the evidence of the bushing process that brass chips were melted on the tip of carbon nanotube forest.
A general methodology for characterizing access patterns and analyzing Web server performance (2002)

We develop a general methodology for characterizing Web server access patterns based on a spectral analysis of finite collections of observed data from real systems. Our approach is used together with the access logs from the IBM Web site for the 1996 Olympic Games to demonstrate some of its advantages over previous methods and to analyze certain aspects of large-scale Web server performance.