gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Image Super-Resolution via Linear Mapping of Interpolated Self-Examples (2014)

This paper presents a novel example-based single-image superresolution procedure that upscales to high-resolution (HR) a given low-resolution (LR) input image without relying on an external dictionary of image examples. The dictionary instead is built from the LR input image itself, by generating a double pyramid of recursively scaled, and subsequently interpolated, images, from which self-examples are extracted. The upscaling procedure is multipass, i.e., the output image is constructed by means of gradual increases, and consists in learning special linear mapping functions on this double pyramid, as many as the number of patches in the current image to upscale. More precisely, for each LR patch, similar self-examples are found, and, because of them, a linear function is learned to directly map it into its HR version. Iterative back projection is also employed to ensure consistency at each pass of the procedure. Extensive experiments and comparisons with other state-of-the-art methods, based both on external and internal dictionaries, show that our algorithm can produce visually pleasant upscalings, with sharp edges and well reconstructed details. Moreover, when considering objective metrics, such as Peak signal-to-noise ratio and Structural similarity, our method turns out to give the best performance.
Estimating the utilization of embedded FPGA co-processor (2003)

Embedded FPGA co-processors will bring new alternatives for SoC system designers. Comparison of software implementations and reconfigurable hardware implementations will need fast and easy-to-use estimation techniques. In this paper, we present an estimation approach for the resource utilization of the embedded FPGA co-processor. Our approach is based on the principles of high-level synthesis, such as force-directed scheduling, resource allocation, operation assignment and interconnection binding. The method has been applied to simple test cases and a C-language model of MPEG-2 decoder. The average hardware estimation error of MPEG-2 functions was 25%.
Bacterial brown spot disease of Cymbidium spp. caused by Pseudomonas cepacia. (1986)

A new disease showing brown spot with water-soaked halo on the leaves of Cymbidium spp. occurred in Itoshima, Fukuoka, Japan during the summer in 1984. A nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. was consistently isolated from the infected leaves. The strains of the causal agent of the present disease were identical in being positive for the following properties: oxidase test, PHB accumulation, growth at 41 C, utilization of m-hydroxybutylate, 2, 3-butylen glycol and amylamine, and they were identical in being negative for the followings: arginine dihydrolase, nitrate reduction, denitrification, utilization of D-tartrate, itaconate and mesaconate. On the basis of their overall similarity (ca. 95%) of biochemical and nutritional tests, they were identitified as P. cepacia. These strains showed pathogenicity by inoculation to onion bulbs as well as to some orchid plants such as Cymbidium spp., Dendrobium sp. and Paphiopedilum spp. This is the first report of orchid disease caused by P. cepacia, therefore, “Bacterial brown spot disease of Cymbidium” was proposed as the name of the disease.
Automated cyanide-free method for haemoglobin determination on Technicon H-1 (1990)

We have developed a cyanide-free haemoglobin method for our Technicon H.1 counter. By adding 2.5 mmol/l of the ionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate in 154 mmol/l sodium chloride, the haemoglobins are converted to a stable product, denatured globin haemichrome, within the 25 s available on the instrument. The method is as precise and accurate as the original H.1 method, and the reagent is easily made in the laboratory at a very low price. Since the method is relatively safe with regard to waste disposal, the effluent from the counter can be drained into the laboratory sink. The method, a 'SDS-haemichrome method', has now worked very satisfactorily in routine use for a year. Manufacturers of haematological analysers should consider this haemoglobin method for their automated instruments.
Effect of Periodontal Treatment on the Protein Composition of Whole and Parotid Saliva (1996)

Cystatins are physiological inhibitors of cysteine proteinases and widely distributed in human tissues and fluids including saliva. Cystatins S, SA, SN, and D are only found in glandular saliva and tear fluid whereas cystatin C has been detected in all tested biological fluids. Previous studies demonstrated that total cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration were highest in whole and parotid saliva of periodontitis patients compared to healthy subjects suggesting a response of the salivary glands to an inflammatory condition of the oral cavity. Based on these results we studied a possible change in the concentration of cystatin S, cystatin C, albumin, IgA, amylase activity, and cystatin activity in a whole and parotid saliva of 20 periodontitis patients as a consequence of periodontal treatment. Saliva samples were quantified for cystatins S and C, albumin, and IgA by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Amylase was determined in an activity assay and total cystatin activity was measured towards pa-pain. The clinical condition of the subjects improved significantly after 6 months of periodontal therapy whereas biochemical analyses of whole and parotid saliva indicated that significant changes in salivary protein composition occurred only in whole saliva. Total cystatin activity (P < 0.05) and cystatin C concentration (P < 0.05) of whole saliva samples collected after periodontal treatment decreased to normal healthy control values. Further, concentrations of cystatin S were unchanged during the periodontal treatment process. These results suggest that other sources of cystatins than the parotid gland i.e.; other salivary glands or crevicular fluid, are involved in the decrease of total cystatin activity in whole saliva after periodontal treatment.
Improved magnetic field for an electromagnetic flowmeter with point electrodes (1975)

The reading of an electromagnetic flowmeter usually depends on the velocity profile as well as on the total flow rate. A numerical method is given for designing the magnetic field so as to reduce this effect. Fluid velocity is assumed to be everywhere parallel to the axis of the flow tube but not necessarily axisymmetric. The results show that velocity profile effects can be greatly reduced. Details are given of an electromagnet designed to produce an improved magnetic field. In situations where flow is non-axisymmetric (e.g. near junctions) the maximum error expected in the reading of a flowmeter with the improved field is about 10% compared with about 50% for a conventional point electrode flowmeter. However, to achieve the same sensitivity about 25 times the power is required. The method of analysis is likely to lead to improvements in the design of both industrial and medical flowmeters.
Digitalis-Like Factor and Ouabain-Like Compound in Plasma of Volume-Expanded Dogs (1993)

Previous studies demonstrated that ouabain-like compound (OLC) is widely distributed in mammalian species and is found in a variety of different tissues. Although much evidence suggests that OLC is endogenous to mammals, little information is available concerning physiological and/or pathophysiological roles for OLC. In this study, generic endogenous digitalis-like factor (E-DLF) was measured using an enzyme bioassay and the more specific OLC was determined using ouabain antisera in plasma drawn from dogs before and 30 and 120 min after massive volume expansion with isotonic saline. Plasma OLC was not changed by the saline load, whereas Na excretion was significantly elevated at the 30-min blood draw and remained elevated at the 120-min blood draw. Because renal exposure to OLC did not change with saline loading, it is unlikely that any portion of the profuse natriuresis in these animals could be attributed to OLC. In contrast, plasma E-DLF was higher after the saline load than before in each of four dogs at 30 and 120 min after the infusion. What portion of the profuse natriuresis can be attributed to E-DLF is unknown, although it is reasonable to assume that nanomolar levels of pump inhibitor contributed to the natriuresis to some degree.
Soft Robotics: New Perspectives for Robot Bodyware and Control (2014)

The remarkable advances of robotics in the last 50 years, which represent an incredible wealth of knowledge, are based on the fundamental assumption that robots are chains of rigid links. The use of soft materials in robotics, driven not only by new scientific paradigms (biomimetics, morphological computation, and others), but also by many applications (biomedical, service, rescue robots, and many more), is going to overcome these basic assumptions and makes the well-known theories and techniques poorly applicable, opening new perspectives for robot design and control. The current examples of soft robots represent a variety of solutions for actuation and control. Though very first steps, they have the potential for a radical technological change. Soft robotics is not just a new direction of technological development, but a novel approach to robotics, unhinging its fundamentals, with the potential to produce a new generation of robots, in the support of humans in our natural environments.
Catalytic hydroprocessing of shale oil to produce distillate fuels (1978)

Results are presented of a study to demonstrate the feasibility of converting whole shale oil to synthetic crude resembling a typical petroleum distillate. Paraho shale oil was used in the study. Results show that Paraho shale oil can readily be dewatered and deashed by heating and settling. It can then be hydrodenitrified to make a premium refinery feedstock resembling desulfurized petroleum distillates. The 650/sup 0/F+ fraction of the hydrofined shale oil makes an excellent fluid catalytic cracking feedstock. It produces high yields of high octane gasoline and low coke make similar to those obtained on hydrofined petroleum gas oils. The heavy naphtha fraction of the hydrofined shale oil would make a better catalytic reformer feed than those from paraffinic crude oils. The diesel fuel, after hydrofining to reduce nitrogen, would also be of high quality.
An integrated neural architecture for recognition, correction and storage of handwritten technical documents (1994)

A neural architecture for processing of on-line handwritten documents based on adaptive resonance theory (ART) models is proposed in this paper. The first architecture, on which a laboratory prototype of a mathematical editor was built, uses ART-2 and ARTMAP modules for the successive classification of symbol components, and symbols respectively. A STORE model is necessary in order to obtain a spatial pattern for the symbol from the sequence of component nodes. An enhanced architecture, based on fuzzy ART and fuzzy ARTMAP modules, is also presented, since it can exploit in a better way the information provided by the supervision in the learning phase. Finally, an overview of a complete integrated architecture is given, that incorporates the information provided by a syllable based dictionary, as well as the process to obtain an office document architecture (ODA) description of the on-line produced technical document. >
Differential roles of the<i>Escherichia coli</i>fumarases and<i>fnr</i>-dependent expression of fumarase B and aspartase (1987)

The physiological functions of the Escherichia coli fumarases A, B, and C (FUMA, B and C) were investigated using strains containing multicopy plasmids expressing each of the fum genes, and with single-copy fum-lacZ fusions. The results showed that FUMA is the critic acid cycle enzyme because it was strongly expressed under aerobic conditions but repressed by glucose and anaerobiosis. FUMB and FUMC were less susceptible to repression by glucose and anaerobiosis, and FUMB was identified as an anaerobic enzyme because its anaerobic expression was controlled by the anaerobic transcriptional activator, FNR. The expression of an aspA-lacZ fusion was also shown to be fnr-dependent.
3D additive-manufactured nanocomposite magnetic scaffolds: Effect of the application mode of a time-dependent magnetic field on hMSCs behavior (2017)

Over the past few years, the influence of static or dynamic magnetic fields on biological systems has become a topic of considerable interest. Magnetism has recently been implicated to play significant roles in the regulation of cell responses and, for this reason, it is revolutionizing many aspects of healthcare, also suggesting new opportunities in tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of the application mode of a time-dependent magnetic field on the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded on 3D additive-manufactured poly(ɛ-caprolactone)/iron-doped hydroxyapatite (PCL/FeHA) nanocomposite scaffolds.
A radar signal processor for biological applications (1991)

A signal processor for use with pulse radars for the study of insects or birds is described. The processor uses a combination of standard electronic components and microcomputer control to give a system which is flexible without being too complex or expensive. The processor measures signal power using a robust peak-detector-based range gate. Using a peak detector and sample-hold amplifiers allows limited bandwidth interface cards to handle high bandwidth signals. The range at which the signal is sampled is controlled digitally to 3 m resolution, typically between 0 and 12 km. The range gate itself provides fine range measurement to better than 1 m for isolated point targets. The radiation's polarization plane may be rotated, controlled by the processor. Standard analogue and digital interface cards allow a microcomputer to control the processor, with the potential for powerful data collection routines to be developed from a personal computer (PC). A typical system could search a 1 km range interval for targets to 3 m resolution in less than 0.5 s. The system is designed to collect data for signal analysis techniques being developed for radar entomology, and could also be used in radar ornithology or other radar or lidar techniques.
Atomic-SDN: Is Synchronous Flooding the Solution to Software-Defined Networking in IoT? (2019)

The adoption of software defined networking (SDN) within traditional networks has provided operators the ability to manage diverse resources and easily reconfigure networks as requirements change. Recent research has extended this concept to IEEE 802.15.4 low-power wireless networks, which form a key component of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, the multiple traffic patterns necessary for SDN control makes it difficult to apply this approach to these highly challenging environments. This paper presents Atomic-SDN, a highly reliable and low-latency solution for SDN in low-power wireless. Atomic-SDN introduces a novel synchronous flooding (SF) architecture capable of dynamically configuring SF protocols to satisfy complex SDN control requirements, and draws from the authors' previous experiences in the IEEE EWSN Dependability Competition: where SF solutions have consistently outperformed other entries. Using this approach, Atomic-SDN presents considerable performance gains over other SDN implementations for low-power IoT networks. We evaluate the Atomic-SDN through simulation and experimentation, and show how utilizing SF techniques provides latency and reliability guarantees to SDN control operations as the local mesh scales. We compare the Atomic-SDN against the other SDN implementations based on the IEEE 802.15.4 network stack, and establish that the Atomic-SDN improves SDN control by orders-of-magnitude across latency, reliability and energy-efficiency metrics.
Global analysis of carbohydrate utilization by <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> using cDNA microarrays (2006)

The transport and catabolic machinery involved in carbohydrate utilization by Lactobacillus acidophilus was characterized genetically by using whole-genome cDNA microarrays. Global transcriptional profiles were determined for growth on glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, galactose, trehalose, raffinose, and fructooligosaccharides. Hybridizations were carried out by using a round-robin design, and microarray data were analyzed with a two-stage mixed model ANOVA. Differentially expressed genes were visualized by hierarchical clustering, volcano plots, and contour plots. Overall, only 63 genes (3% of the genome) showed a >4-fold induction. Specifically, transporters of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar transferase system were identified for uptake of glucose, fructose, sucrose, and trehalose, whereas ATP-binding cassette transporters were identified for uptake of raffinose and fructooligosaccharides. A member of the LacS subfamily of galactoside-pentose hexuronide translocators was identified for uptake of galactose and lactose. Saccharolytic enzymes likely involved in the metabolism of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides into substrates of glycolysis were also found, including enzymatic machinery of the Leloir pathway. The transcriptome appeared to be regulated by carbon catabolite repression. Although substrate-specific carbohydrate transporters and hydrolases were regulated at the transcriptional level, genes encoding regulatory proteins CcpA, Hpr, HprK/P, and EI were consistently highly expressed. Genes central to glycolysis were among the most highly expressed in the genome. Collectively, microarray data revealed that coordinated and regulated transcription of genes involved in sugar uptake and metabolism is based on the specific carbohydrate provided. L. acidophilus's adaptability to environmental conditions likely contributes to its competitive ability for limited carbohydrate sources available in the human gastrointestinal tract.
Capacity analysis and system optimization for the reverse link of multi‐beam satellite broadband systems exploiting adaptive coding and modulation (2004)

Abstract This paper deals with the system capacity analysis and assessment of the potential advantages provided by the introduction of Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) in the reverse link of multi‐beam broadband satellite systems. ACM is intended to increase the system throughput for a given terminal EIRP power by optimizing the individual links physical layer to the current channel conditions. The physical layer adaptation will be driven by the inbound demodulator signal over noise plus interference ratio (SNIR) estimation. A general methodology for ACM physical layer optimization based on the system capacity maximization is also illustrated. A theoretical analysis of ACM systems capacity is performed for both time division multiple access (TDMA) and code division multiple access (CDMA) schemes. As the exact analytical capacity computation results to be very complex while Monte Carlo approach leads to very time consuming simulations, a simplified semi‐analytic approach is devised. Numerical results showing the huge improvement in terms of capacity by the ACM adoption are obtained for both the semi‐analytic and the Monte Carlo approaches in a realistic study case corresponding to a Ka‐band multibeam satellite system. A good match between the two approaches is also demonstrated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversing effect and mechanism of soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein on multidrug resistance in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells (2014)

Lung cancer is the primary malignancy of the lung and is the leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality in China. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is an essential aspect of lung cancer treatment failure and a popular topic of investigation in tumor studies. Previous studies have demonstrated that soluble resistance‑related calcium‑binding protein (Sorcin) is involved in the MDR of various types of human tumor, and that silencing Sorcin was able to reverse the MDR of several types of cultured human cancer cells. However, the effect and potential mechanism underlying the ability of Sorcin to reverse MDR in human lung cancer remains to be fully elucidated. The present study examined the role of Sorcin in the reversal of MDR in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells. The effects included increased drug sensitivity to cisplatin, apoptotic rate, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and intracellular accumulation of rhodamine‑123, and decreased expression of multidrug resistance gene 1, lung resistance protein, multidrug resistance‑associated protein, glutathione S‑transferase π, ATP‑binding cassette transporter A2 (ABCA2), ABCA5, B‑cell lymphoma 2 and P‑glycoprotein, and the depletion of glutathione in Sorcin‑silenced A549/DDP cells. The present study also revealed that there was a downregulation of p‑Akt and phosphorylated extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (p‑ERK), and a decreased transcriptional activation of nuclear factor κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3, STAT5 and nuclear factor of activated T‑cells following silencing of Sorcin. The results indicated that Sorcin may be used as a potential therapeutic target for MDR through inhibiting the Akt and ERK pathways in human lung cancer.
Peptide antimicrobials: cell wall as a bacterial target (2013)

Endogenous host defense peptides (HDPs) are among the most ancient immune mediators, constituting a first line of defense against invading pathogens across the evolutionary continuum. Generally, HDPs are small (<10 kDa), cationic, and amphipathic polypeptides, often broadly classified based on structure. In eukaryotes, major HDP classes include disulfide-stabilized (e.g., defensins), and α-helical or extended (e.g., cathelicidins) peptides. Prokaryote HDPs are generally referred to as bacteriocins, colicins, or lantibiotics, many of which undergo extensive posttranslational modifications. One target for prokaryotic and eukaryotic HDPs is the bacterial cell wall, an essential structural feature conserved among broad classes of bacteria. A primary building block of the cell wall is peptidoglycan, a macromolecular complex that arises through a series of reactions including membrane translocation, extracellular anchoring, and side chain cross-linking. Each of these steps represents a potential target for HDP inhibition, leading to bacteriostatic or bactericidal outcomes. Thus, understanding the relationships between HDPs and cell wall targets may shed light on new peptide antimicrobial agents and strategies to meet the daunting challenge of antibiotic resistance.
Pro-inflammatory gene expression in solid glioblastoma microenvironment and in hypoxic stem cells from human glioblastoma (2011)

In human solid glioblastoma we have observed a coordinated overexpression of a panel of pro-inflammatory genes as compared to host normal tissue. We have also evidenced a similar pattern of overexpressed genes in GBM-SCs after hypoxic treatment, showing also a gain of invasive and migratory function that was lost when these stem cells differentiated. We suggest that, as has been previously described for prostatic and mammary carcinoma, in human glioblastoma acquisition of a proinflammatory phenotype may be relevant for malignant progression.
Competitive edge powerview: A DSM-focused technology (1993)

Hereditary and acquired coagulation disorders may play an important role in the pathophysiology of acute ischaemic stroke. Because of the low prevalence of these disorders and the considerable costs of unmindful diagnostic effort, a custom-tailored approach is desirable. Suggestive in favour of a possible prothrombotic clotting disorder are young patients, repeated episodes of thrombosis in the patient's history, inappropriate atherosclerotic vascular changes, previous repeated miscarriages in stroke patients, or structural cardiac abnormalities as a patent foramen ovale. Disorders affecting antithrombin III, protein C und S, APC-resistance, the prothrombin mutation, homocysteinaemia, antiphospholipid antibodies, and procoagulatory cellular interaction are discussed.