gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role in Cell Permeability of an Essential Two-Component System in<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1999)

A temperature-sensitive lethal mutant of Staphylococcus aureus was found to harbor a mutation in the uncharacterized two-component histidine kinase (HK)-response regulator (RR) pair encoded by yycFG; orthologues of yycFG could be identified in the genomes of Bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria. Sequence analysis of the mutant revealed a point mutation resulting in a nonconservative change (Glu to Lys) in the regulator domain of the RR at position 63. To confirm that this signal transduction system was essential, a disrupted copy of either the RR (yycF) or the HK (yycG) was constructed with a set of suicide vectors and used to generate tandem duplications in the chromosome. Resolution of the duplications, leaving an insertion in either the yycF or the yycG coding region, was achieved only in the presence of an additional wild-type copy of the two open reading frames. Phenotypic characterization of the conditional lethal mutant showed that at permissive growth conditions, the mutant was hypersusceptible to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics, even in the presence of the ermB resistance determinant. Other mutant phenotypes, including hypersensitivity to unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and suppression of the conditional lethal phenotype by high sucrose and NaCl concentrations, suggest that the role of the two-component system includes the proper regulation of bacterial cell wall or membrane composition. The effects of this point mutation are strongly bactericidal at the nonpermissive temperature, indicating that this pathway provides an excellent target for the identification of novel antibiotics.
Bombardment of uranium with fast and slow neutrons (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBombardment of uranium with fast and slow neutronsLaurence S. Foster Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1940, 17, 9, 448Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1940Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 1940Published inissue 1 September 1940https://doi.org/10.1021/ed017p448.3RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Overexpression of PTEN increases sensitivity to SN-38, an active metabolite of the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan, in ovarian cancer cells. (2002)

These results indicate that high PTEN expression enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to irinotecan and the induction of apoptosis and the suppression of topoisomerase I activity in cancer cells are suggested as possible mechanisms attributable to high PTEN expression.
Ultrahigh efficiencies in vertical epitaxial heterostructure architectures (2016)

Optical to electrical power converting semiconductor devices were achieved with breakthrough performance by designing a Vertical Epitaxial Heterostructure Architecture. The devices are featuring modeled and measured conversion efficiencies greater than 65%. The ultrahigh conversion efficiencies were obtained by monolithically integrating several thin GaAs photovoltaic junctions tailored with submicron absorption thicknesses and grown in a single crystal by epitaxy. The heterostructures that were engineered with a number N of such ultrathin junctions yielded an optimal external quantum efficiencies approaching 100%/N. The heterostructures are capable of output voltages that are multiple times larger than the corresponding photovoltage of the input light. The individual nanoscale junctions are each generating up to ∼1.2 V of output voltage when illuminated in the infrared. We compare the optoelectronic properties of phototransducers prepared with designs having 5 to 12 junctions and that are exhibiting voltage outputs between &gt;5 V and &gt;14 V.
Detection of<i>γ</i>-Polyglutamic Acid (<i>γ</i>-PGA) by SDS-Page (1996)

γ-Polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) produced by Bacillus suhtilis (natto) was detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and basic dye staining. Using this method, the molecular weight of γ-PGA was estimated at 275,000. This value was almost the same in all bacterial strains tested. As other applications of this SDS-PAGE method, degradation of γ-PGA by acid and heat treatment and a cross-linking reaction with carbodiimide and ethylenediamine were made visible in acrylamide gel. In the growth curve of the bacteria, γ-PGA production was detected in early stationary phase by SDS-PAGE.
Lifespan extension by peroxidase and dual oxidase-mediated ROS signaling through pyrroloquinoline quinone in <i>C. elegans</i> (2017)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), originally characterized based on their harmful effects on cells or organisms, are now recognized as important signal molecules regulating various biological processes. In particular, low levels of ROS released from mitochondria extend lifespan. Here, we identified a novel mechanism of generating appropriate levels of ROS at the plasma membrane through a peroxidase and dual oxidase (DUOX) system, which could extend lifespan in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> A redox co-factor, pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), activates the <i>C. elegans</i> DUOX protein BLI-3 to produce the ROS H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at the plasma membrane, which is subsequently degraded by peroxidase (MLT-7), eventually ensuring adequate levels of ROS. These ROS signals are transduced mainly by the oxidative stress transcriptional factors SKN-1 (Nrf2 or NFE2L2 in mammals) and JUN-1, and partially by DAF-16 (a FOXO protein homolog). Cell biology experiments demonstrated a similarity between the mechanisms of PQQ-induced activation of human DUOX1 and DUOX2 and that of <i>C. elegans</i> BLI-3, suggesting that DUOXs are potential targets of intervention for lifespan extension. We propose that low levels of ROS, fine-tuned by the peroxidase and dual oxidase system at the plasma membrane, act as second messengers to extend lifespan by the effect of hormesis.
Inhibition of sustained hypoxic vasoconstriction by Y‐27632 in isolated intrapulmonary arteries and perfused lung of the rat (2000)

We have examined the effects of Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-activated kinases (ROCK I and ROCK II) upon sustained hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in both rat isolated small intrapulmonary arteries (IPA) and perfused rat lungs in situ. Y-27632 (100 nM - 3 microM) was found to cause a concentration-dependent inhibition of acute sustained HPV in rat IPA. Application of Y-27632 (10-600 nM) in perfused rat lungs caused no change in basal perfusion pressure, but was found to inhibit HPV in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in complete ablation of the pressor response to hypoxia at a concentration of 600 nM. Furthermore, addition of Y-27632 at any point during hypoxia caused a reversal of HPV in perfused rat lungs. These results suggest that activation of Rho-associated kinase may be a pivotal step in the generation of sustained HPV.
Mutually exclusive inhibition of herpesvirus DNA polymerase by aphidicolin, phosphonoformate, and acyclic nucleoside triphosphates (1985)

Dual inhibitor studies were performed to examine the interaction of aphidicolin, phosphonoformate, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine triphosphate, and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine triphosphate with herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase. Kinetic data indicated that inhibition by one agent prevents simultaneous inhibition by a second agent, producing a mutually exclusive inhibition pattern. This suggested that binding sites on the DNA polymerase molecule for these compounds are kinetically overlapping. These findings should be taken into consideration for the design of future antiviral compounds and combination chemotherapy protocols.
New variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia with <i><scp>IRF</scp>2<scp>BP</scp>2–<scp>RARA</scp></i> fusion (2016)

We present an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patient with two subtypes of IRF2BP2-RARA, in which the IRF2BP2 gene showed completely new breakpoints. Bone marrow examination revealed morphologic features indicative of APL. However, promyelocytic leukemia-RARA fusion was not detected. A paired-end mRNA sequencing followed by RT-PCR and direct sequencing revealed two types of fusion transcripts between exon 1B of IRF2BP2 and exon 3 of RARA. The patient received all-trans retinoic acid and conventional chemotherapy, but showed resistance. This is the second report of IRF2BP2 involvement in APL, and we describe various breakpoints for the IRF2BP2-RARA fusion gene.
Boundary First Flattening (2017)

A conformal flattening maps a curved surface to the plane without distorting angles—such maps have become a fundamental building block for problems in geometry processing, numerical simulation, and computational design. Yet existing methods provide little direct control over the shape of the flattened domain, or else demand expensive nonlinear optimization. Boundary first flattening (BFF) is a linear method for conformal parameterization that is faster than traditional linear methods, yet provides control and quality comparable to sophisticated nonlinear schemes. The key insight is that the boundary data for many conformal mapping problems can be efficiently constructed via the Cherrier formula together with a pair of Poincaré-Steklov operators ; once the boundary is known, the map can be easily extended over the rest of the domain. Since computation demands only a single factorization of the real Laplace matrix, the amortized cost is about 50× less than any previously published technique for boundary-controlled conformal flattening. As a result, BFF opens the door to real-time editing or fast optimization of high-resolution maps, with direct control over boundary length or angle. We show how this method can be used to construct maps with sharp corners, cone singularities, minimal area distortion, and uniformization over the unit disk; we also demonstrate for the first time how a surface can be conformally flattened directly onto any given target shape.
Coverage path planning algorithms for agricultural field machines (2009)

Abstract In this article, a coverage path planning problem is discussed in the case of agricultural fields and agricultural machines. Methods and algorithms to solve this problem are developed. These algorithms are applicable to both robots and human‐driven machines. The necessary condition is to cover the whole field, and the goal is to find as efficient a route as possible. As yet, there is no universal algorithm or method capable of solving the problem in all cases. Two new approaches to solve the coverage path planning problem in the case of agricultural fields and agricultural machines are presented for consideration. Both of them are greedy algorithms. In the first algorithm the view is from on top of the field, and the goal is to split a single field plot into subfields that are simple to drive or operate. This algorithm utilizes a trapezoidal decomposition algorithm, and a search is developed of the best driving direction and selection of subfields. This article also presents other practical aspects that are taken into account, such as underdrainage and laying headlands. The second algorithm is also an incremental algorithm, but the path is planned on the basis of the machine's current state and the search is on the next swath instead of the next subfield. There are advantages and disadvantages with both algorithms, neither of them solving the problem of coverage path planning problem optimally. Nevertheless, the developed algorithms are remarkable steps toward finding a way to solve the coverage path planning problem with nonomnidirectional vehicles and taking into consideration agricultural aspects. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Facile syntheses of isolable organic derivatives of hypervalent sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon. Introduction of a stabilizing bidentate ligand via its dilithio derivative (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile syntheses of isolable organic derivatives of hypervalent sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon. Introduction of a stabilizing bidentate ligand via its dilithio derivativeEdmund F. Perozzi and J. C. MartinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 6, 1591–1593Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00500a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00500a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views564Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-power piezoelectric characteristics of textured bismuth layer structured ferroelectric ceramics (2007)

Abstract-The high-power piezoelectric characteristics in h001i oriented ceramics of bismuth layer structured ferroelectrics (BLSF), SrBi(2)Nb(2)O(9) (SBN), (Bi,La)(4)Ti(3)O(12) (BLT), and CaBi(4)Ti(4)O(15) (CBT), were studied by a constant voltage driving method. These textured ceramics were fabricated by a templated grain growth (TGG) method, and their Lotgering factors were 95%, 97%, and 99%, respectively. The vibration velocities of the longitudinal mode (33-mode) increased proportionally to an applied electric field up to 2.5 m/s in these textured BLSF ceramics, although, the vibration velocity of the 33-mode was saturated at more than 1.0 m/s in the Pb(Mn,Nb)O(3)-PZT ceramics. The resonant frequencies were constant up to the vibration velocity of 2.5 m/s in the SBN and CBT textured ceramics; however, the resonant frequency decreased with increasing over the vibration velocity of 1.5 m/s in the BLT textured ceramics. The dissipation power density of the BLT was almost the same as that of the Pb(Mn,Nb)O(3)-PZT ceramics. However, the dissipation power densities of the SBN and CBT were lower than those of the BLT and Pb(Mn,Nb)O(3)-PZT ceramics. The textured SBN and CBT ceramics are good candidates for high-power piezoelectric applications.
The Modern Practice of Internal Auditing in the Context of Globalization (2014)

Internal Audit is an independent and concise activity, which provides advice to improve operations, designed to add value to an organization. [1] It helps an organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined and improving methods of risk management and resource assessment. Internal auditing is a catalyst for improving an organization's governance, risk management and control, providing insights and recommendations based on analysis of assessment data and business processes. With commitment to integrity and accountability, internal auditing provides value to governing bodies as an objective source of independent advice to government. Professionals called internal auditors are employed by organizations to perform the internal audit activity.
A Framework for Real-Time Performance Measurement and Verification and Commissioning Using Building Automation Systems in Existing Buildings (2016)

MIRIANHOSSEINABADI, SEDIGHEHSADAT.A Framework for Real-Time Performance Measurement and Verification and Commissioning Using Building Automation Systems in Existing Buildings.(Under the direction of Dr. Soolyeon Cho.) Building practitioners are persistently trying to develop more energy efficient buildings while maintaining and improving human comfort to achieve the Architecture 2030, 2025 Commercial Buildings Initiative, and Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) initiative goals.In this regard, properly operating and maintaining the high-performance level of the buildings are the crucial factors to keep existing buildings in shape and save energy continuously.Building Automation Systems (BASs) as the key information sources for building Commissioning (Cx)and Performance Measurement and Verification (PM&V) have gained popularity among building managers.However, the BAS installed in these buildings either cannot estimate performance reduction relative to the design intent, or inform the building manager about how much energy has been saved by implementing the Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) in the building after the commissioning process.Therefore, building managers and owners hire Cx engineers and spend a lot of time and money to achieve, verify, and document the performance of facilities, systems, and assemblies in the building.This is an expensive process which should be repeated several times during the building life cycle.This problem leads to a widespread demand in using smart meters, devices, and analytics tools, as well as multi-measure wholebuilding programs among building managers to reduce time, cost, and complexity of Cx and PM&V and to generate deeper savings.of Design, and Dr. Soolyeon Cho, the director of the PhD program, for their financial and professional support to the PhD students of the College of Design.
Antiparasitic 5-nitrothiazoles and 5-nitro-4-thiazolines. 2 (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntiparasitic 5-nitrothiazoles and 5-nitro-4-thiazolines. 2Peter J. Islip, Michael D. Closier, and John E. WealeCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1973, 16, 9, 1027–1030Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00267a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00267a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Solid-state cadmium and lead ion-selective electrodes (1986)

The authors studied the characteristics of homogeneous, solid-phase, chalcogenide-based, Kvant electrodes responsive to Pb(II) and Cd(II). Their selectivity coefficients were determined with respect to Ni(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Al(III), Pb(II), and Cd(II) and conditions chosen for determining lead and cadmium ions in their presence. Results were compared for the determination of lead(II) and cadmium(II) by different methods in industrial solutions and plating-plant waste waters.
A Five-Stage Solid-Fuel Sounding-Rocket System (1959)

A five-stage solid-fuel sounding-rocket system which can boost a payload of 25 pounds to an altitude of 525 nautical miles and that of 100 pounds to 300 nautical miles is described. Data obtained from a typical flight test of the system are discussed.
Cell phone based colorimetric analysis for point-of-care settings (2019)

Cell phones show considerable promise for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic procedures because they are accessible, connected, and computationally powerful. Cell phone image processing methods are being developed for the detection and quantification of a wide range of targets, employing methods from microscopy to fluorescence techniques. However, most of the lab-based biological and biochemical assays still lack a robust and repeatable cell phone analogue. Existing solutions require external smartphone hardware to obtain quantitative results, imposing a design tradeoff between accessibility and accuracy. Here, we develop a cell phone imaging algorithm that enables analysis of assays that would typically be evaluated via spectroscopy. The developed technique uses the saturation parameter of hue-saturation-value color space to enable POC diagnosis. Through the analysis of over 10 000 images, we show that the saturation method consistently outperforms existing algorithms under a wide range of operating field conditions. The performance improvement is also proven analytically via the mathematic relationship between the saturation method and existing techniques. The method presented here is a step forward towards the development of POC diagnostics by reducing the required equipment, improving the limit of detection (LOD), and increasing the precision of quantitative results.
Increase in cases of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Turkey, 2006 (2006)

Between 1 January and 30 June 2006, 323 people in Turkey underwent investigation for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
The Neurobiology of Autism (2006)

In 'The Neurobiology of Autism' Margaret Bauman and Thomas Kemper bring together leading investigators from the field of autism to discuss advances in scientific research that point to a neurobiological basis for autism and to examine the clinical implications of the research. These authors present up-to-date accounts of their own research as well as provide comprehensive reviews of the work of others. The result is a compilation of information in a single source that will enable clinical investigators to begin to speculate about the seemingly disparate pieces of information already available, consider how they might fit together, and develop new ideas and avenues for further research.