gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bandwidth and wavelength-tunable optical bandpass filter based on silicon microring-MZI structure (2011)

A novel and simple bandwidth and wavelength-tunable optical bandpass filter based on silicon microrings in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure is proposed and demonstrated. In this filter design, the drop transmissions of two microring resonators are combined to provide the desired tunability. A detailed analysis and the design of the device are presented. The shape factor and extinction ratio of the filter are optimized by thermally controlling the phase difference between the two arms of the MZI. Simultaneous bandwidth and wavelength tunability with in-band ripple control is demonstrated by thermally tuning the resonance offset between the two microring resonators.
Wideband Digital Beamforming When Using LFM waveform (2006)

This paper presents a new method on wideband digital beamforming and jammer nulling using linear frequency modulation (LFM) waveforms with stretch processing and subarrays technique. The approach eliminates quantization style errors of conventional analog time delay units method and improves beamforming performance by using full digital processing. While subarrays technique reduces the cost, complexity and computation. Moreover, we can realize wideband jammer nulling by changing digital phase-weight within each subarray when there existing wideband interferences.
Disaggregated Computing. An Evaluation of Current Trends for Datacentres (2017)

Next generation data centers will likely be based on the emerging paradigm of disaggregated function-blocks-as-a-unit departing from the current state of mainboard-as-a-unit. Multiple functional blocks or bricks such as compute, memory and peripheral will be spread through the entire system and interconnected together via one or multiple high speed networks. The amount of memory available will be very large distributed among multiple bricks. This new architecture brings various benefits that are desirable in today’s data centers such as fine-grained technology upgrade cycles, fine-grained resource allocation, and access to a larger amount of memory and accelerators. An analysis of the impact and benefits of memory disaggregation is presented in this paper. One of the biggest challenges when analyzing these architectures is that memory accesses should be modeled correctly in order to obtain accurate results. However, modeling every memory access would generate a high overhead that can make the simulation unfeasible for real data center applications. A model to represent and analyze memory disaggregation has been designed and a statistics-based queuing-based full system simulator was developed to rapidly and accurately analyze applications performance in disaggregated systems. With a mean error of 10%, simulation results pointed out that the network layers may introduce overheads that degrade applications’ performance up to 66%. Initial results also suggest that low memory access bandwidth may degrade up to 20% applications’ performance.
Platelet‐rich plasma‐loaded chitosan scaffolds: Preparation and growth factor release kinetics (2012)

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparation methods on platelet activity and to investigate the growth factor (GF) release kinetics from PRP-loaded chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Flow cytometry analysis showed that centrifugation processes used for PRP preparation did not cause significant effect on platelet activation levels by means of markers investigated. Two different methods were used to prepare PRP-loaded chitosan scaffolds: (i) PRP was added to chitosan gel before freeze-drying to prepare scaffolds called as "GEL" and (ii) PRP was embedded to freeze-dried chitosan scaffolds to prepare scaffolds called as "SPONGE." In addition, nonactivated PRP and PRP activated with type-I collagen were used as control groups. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that, in GEL group, there is no deterioration on the scaffolds porous, 3D, and interconnected structure. GF release kinetics was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for platelet-derived GF-BB, transforming GF-β1, and insulin-like GF-1. A sustained release of GFs was achieved in GEL group while a sharp burst release was observed for all the GFs from the SPONGE groups. Moreover, platelet-derived GF-BB, insulin-like GF-1, and transforming GF-β1 releases were prolonged to 20 days in GEL groups, and the biological activities of all GFs released from GEL and SPONGE scaffolds were preserved. This study demonstrated that chitosan scaffold that was called GEL could be an appropriate carrier for PRP applications by providing sustained release of GFs.
Petroleum Chemistry And Refining (1997)

Supported by numerous illustrations and references, this book describes the chemistry and physics that occur during the refinery operations, and how the properties of petroleum can be translated into predictability in refinery scenarios. The chapters discuss such topics as: the composition of petroleum, petroleum analysis and evaluation; metals and
Multimedia e-mail systems for computer-assisted radiological communication (1994)

In the film-based organization of communicating radiological results to the referring physician, the different media (text, images, graphics, voice) are separated. When using computer technology, multimedia reports containing links between these different media can be used. This changes the way radiological reports are generated, accessed, and possibly discussed. We performed experiments in a clinical setting using two different metaphors for communicating multimedia information. In the 'paper metaphor', labels in the report text are linked to annotations in selected images. In the 'slide presentation metaphor', annotated images are presented synchronously to a spoken report. With both systems additional interaction between radiologist and referring physician is supported using multimedia 'electronic mail'. The experiments indicate that multimedia does not only significantly increase the efficiency of information transfer, but also has the potential to make reporting itself more efficient. Given that the amount of image-related information keeps growing, multimedia links are a promising method to give efficient access to the most relevant information.
Paintbrush rendering of lines using HMMs (2005)

We propose a new method that emulates the expressive appearance of paintbrush strokes on paper. In our system, brush footprint characteristics are modeled using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Once the model is trained by a data set of given strokes, it estimates the most likely sequence of footprints for a given input line. The main difference between our method and other ones that use direct texture mapping lies in the estimation of the dynamic behavior of the footprints with respect to input lines. Since our method models simultaneously the physical characteristics of the brush and the drawing styles, it transforms input lines to aesthetic strokes which are really close to true ones, made with a real brush on a paper.
Purification and Some Properties of a Novel <i>α</i>-Amylase Produced by a Strain of <i>Thermoactinomyces vulgaris</i> (1978)

An α-amylase[α-l,4-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1.], found in the culture filtrate of a strain of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, and DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose chromatographies. The purified enzyme showed a single band on disc gel electrophoresis. The optimum reaction pH and temperature were determined to be around pH 5.0 and 70°C. The isoelectric point was determined to be pH 5.2. The α-amylase was stabilized by Ca2+. The α-amylase was found to hydrolyze pullulan to panose. Therefore, the hydrolytic pattern of this enzyme is different from those of pullulanase and isopullulanase.
Involvement of multiple kinase pathways in stimulation of gene transcription by hypertonicity (2002)

Osmolality of the mammalian renal medulla is high because of the operation of the urinary concentrating mechanism. To understand molecular events during the early phase of cellular adaptation to hypertonicity, we performed comprehensive searches for genes induced in response to hypertonicity using a cell line (mIMCD3) derived from the inner medullary collecting duct of mouse kidney. PCR-based subtractive hybridization of cDNA pools and cDNA microarray analysis were used. We report 12 genes whose mRNA expression is significantly increased within 4 h after exposure to hypertonicity. The increase in mRNA expression was the result of increased transcription. Many are either stress response genes or growth regulatory genes, supporting the notion that hypertonicity evokes the stress response and growth regulation in cells. Experiments using inhibitors revealed that mitogen-activated protein kinases were commonly involved in signaling for the induction of genes by hypertonicity. Tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase also play a significant role. Signaling pathways for stimulation of transcription appeared quite diverse in that each gene was sensitive to different combinations of inhibitors.
Ultra Wide Band Miniature Antenna (2007)

This article presents the simulation, manufacturing and measurement of the miniaturized ultra wide band IPAD™ (Integrated Passive Device) chip antenna for ultra wide band (UWB) applications. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 8.4*3.1*0.7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and has been mounted on an evaluation board. It offers an impedance bandwidth of 2.49GHz (3 to 5.5GHz) at VSWR 3:1 and an omnidirectional radiation pattern with maximum gain of around 3dBi. The Ansoft HFSS 3-D electromagnetic simulator, based on the finite element method (FEM), is used to simulate this planar antenna structure. Simulated and measured results of the impedance bandwidth are presented and discussed. Moreover, simulated and measured results of the antenna radiation characteristics are described. The radiation pattern of the IPAD™ chip antenna is very close to the omnidirectional pattern of a dipole antenna.
Antigen-Binding Diversity of Human Hybridoma Autoantibodies Derived from Splenocytes of Patients with SLE (1992)

The antigen-binding specificity of human hybridoma-derived monoclonal autoantibodies (mAb) was analysed with mAbs derived from the spleens of two patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). From one patient 72 mAbs (RSP clones) and from the other 173 mAbs (RT clones) were obtained. The binding specificity of these mAbs was analysed by solid- and fluid-phase ELISA against the autoantigens ssDNA, dsDNA, cardiolipin, SmRNP, histones, Sm-D and SS-B (La) synthetic peptides, and foreign antigens including bacterial polysaccharides. In addition, antinuclear antibody activity and anti-dsDNA binding were confirmed by fluorescence staining methods. Reflecting the patient's serological profile, none of the antibodies from the RSP clones reacted with ssDNA or dsDNA but 12 reacted with cardiolipin. In addition, three mAbs reacted with H4, five with U1 RNP, two with Sm-D peptides and 12 with SS-B peptides. In contrast, from the RT fusion, nine mAbs reacted with ssDNA, HI and SS-B peptides, seven with cardiolipin, four with dsDNA, two with Sm-D peptides and one each with H2A, H3 and H4. In many cases one mAb showed reactivity with more than one antigen: for example, mAb RT 72 binds to ssDNA, dsDNA, cardiolipin, H1, H4 and an Sm-D peptide; RT 6 binds to H1, SmRNP and ubiquitinated histone H2A. However, none of the antibodies showed 'across the board' polyreactivity; indeed, the selectivity of the reactions was notable and marked variation in antibody affinity was recorded. Eight of the mAbs bound to Salmonella typhimurium and two to the Klebsiella polysaccharide K-30.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Constitutively-active androgen receptor variants function independently of the HSP90 chaperone but do not confer resistance to HSP90 inhibitors (2013)

The development of lethal, castration resistant prostate cancer is associated with adaptive changes to the androgen receptor (AR), including the emergence of mutant receptors and truncated, constitutively active AR variants. AR relies on the molecular chaperone HSP90 for its function in both normal and malignant prostate cells, but the requirement for HSP90 in environments with aberrant AR expression is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the efficacy of three HSP90 inhibitors, 17-AAG, HSP990 and AUY922, against clinically-relevant AR missense mutants and truncated variants. HSP90 inhibition effectively suppressed the signaling of wild-type AR and all AR missense mutants tested. By contrast, two truncated AR variants, AR-V7 and ARv567es, exhibited marked resistance to HSP90 inhibitors. Supporting this observation, nuclear localization of the truncated AR variants was not affected by HSP90 inhibition and AR variant:HSP90 complexes could not be detected in prostate cancer cells. Interestingly, HSP90 inhibition resulted in accumulation of AR-V7 and ARv567es in both cell lines and human tumor explants. Despite the apparent independence of AR variants from HSP90 and their treatment-associated induction, the growth of cell lines with endogenous or enforced expression of AR-V7 or ARv567es remained highly sensitive to AUY922. This study demonstrates that functional AR variant signaling does not confer resistance to HSP90 inhibition, yields insight into the interaction between AR and HSP90 and provides further impetus for the clinical application of HSP90 inhibitors in advanced prostate cancer.
A new synthesis of N-acyl aromatic α-amino acids; amidoalkylation of aromatic compounds with glyoxylic acid derivatives (1975)

D. Ben-Ishai, I. Satati and Z. Berler, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1975, 349 DOI: 10.1039/C39750000349
Interaction between PAK and Nck: a Template for Nck Targets and Role of PAK Autophosphorylation (2000)

The kinase PAK binds tightly to the SH3 domain of its partner PIX via a central proline-rich sequence. A different N-terminal sequence allows alphaPAK to bind an SH3 domain of the adaptor Nck. The Nck SH3[2] domain interacts equally with an 18-mer PAK-derived peptide and full-length alphaPAK. Detailed analysis of this binding by saturation substitution allows related Nck targets to be accurately identified from sequence characteristics alone. All Nck SH3[2] binding proteins, including PAK, NIK, synaptojanin, PRK2, and WIP, possess the motif PXXPXRXXS; in the case of PAK, serine phosphorylation at this site negatively regulates binding. We show that kinase autophosphorylation blocks binding by both Nck and PIX to alphaPAK, thus providing a mechanism to regulate PAK interactions with its SH3-containing partners. One cellular consequence of the regulatable binding of PAK is facilitation of its cycling between cytosolic and focal complex sites.
Recent advances in the chemistry of unsaturated lactones (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleRecent advances in the chemistry of unsaturated lactonesY. S. RaoCite this: Chem. Rev. 1976, 76, 5, 625–694Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60303a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60303a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2815Altmetric-Citations499LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Study of a new type anode of OLED by MIC poly-Si (2007)

In this paper, a boron-doped poly-Si crystallized by solution-based metal induced (S-MIC) as the anode of organic light emitting diode (OLED) was studied. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective anode of OLED systemized with the high reflectivity of Al cathode could form a micro-cavity structure with a low Q to improve the efficiency. The maximum luminance efficiency of red OLED made by Alq3: DCJTB (1.5wt %)( 30nm) with the poly-Si anode is 2.66cd/A, higher than that of the OLED with the ITO anodes by 30%. In order to improve the device performance, some key to optimize the character of MIC poly-Si thin film are analyzed theoretically. A new kind of TFT/OLED coupling structure in AMOLED was proposed, in which the pixel electrode of OLED was made by the same poly-Si thin film with its driver TFT's drain electrode. So that this coupling structure will simplify the AMOLED processes flow.
Impact of Measurement Model Modification on Structural Parameter Integrity When Measurement Model is Misspecified (2010)

In the process of model modification, parameters of residual covariances are often treated as free parameters to improve model fit. However, the effect of such measurement model modifications on the important structural parameter estimates under various measurement model misspecifications has not been systematically studied. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to compare structural estimates before and after measurement model modifications of adding residual covariances under varying sample sizes and model misspecifications. Results showed that researchers should pay attention when such measurement model modifications are made to initially misspecified model with missing path(s).
Harmonic response of near-contact scanning force microscopy (1995)

One-dimensional harmonic oscillator theory was used to model tapping-mode atomic force microscope (TMAFM) operation in the near-contact region in the presence of gases and liquids. The force derivative of the tip-sample interaction changes the vibration amplitude and frequency at maximum amplitude of the cantilever. Additionally, the interaction is hydrodynamically damped by fluid motion around the tip and between the tip and the surface. Good agreement was found between theoretical and experimental amplitude as a function of height. For a sample-driven TMAFM operating in fluids, the cantilever can be very soft (spring constant ≪1 N/m) and operated at frequencies well above the fundamental. Under these conditions the cantilever and sample appear to act with a high spring constant, much like that used in a gaseous operation. The tip–sample interaction in the fluid is still mediated through the force derivative of the sample.
The Role of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Pancreatic and Periampullary Malignancies (1998)

Preoperative computed tomography is a reliable technique to detect tumor metastasis in patients with pancreatic or periampullary cancer. Unlike other investigators, we found that only 10% of patients with periampullary or pancreatic cancer and 14% of patients with pancreatic cancer might profit from laparoscopy. Because of this low number, laparoscopy cannot generally be recommended for patients with pancreatic or periampullary cancer before laparotomy.
Institutional Investors and International Expansion in Restaurant Industry (2010)

Although U.S. restaurant firms face high risks in diversifying their operations internationally, there are no previous studies that motivate international diversification. If international diversification is risky then why do restaurant firms go abroad? This study focuses on one potential explanation, namely the institutional investor ownership, to determine if it can explain the internationalization behavior in the restaurant industry. According to previous research, ownership by pressure-sensitive groups (bank and insurance firms) are negatively related to international diversification and ownership by pressure-resistant groups (pension fund, mutual fund, and brokerage firm) are positively related to international diversification. The results for restaurant firms, reported in this study, partially confirm previous findings. While pension and mutual fund firms support international diversification, pressure from investments by banking firms leads to lower international diversification. Investments from Insurance firms are not related to international diversification whereas investments by brokerage firms are negatively related to internationalization.
Electronic dispersion relations of monolayer hexagonal boron nitride formed on the Ni(111) surface (1995)

Angle-resolved ultraviolet-photoelectron spectroscopy and angle-resolved secondary-electron emission spectroscopy have been carried out for a film of single-crystalline hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) formed on the Ni(111) surface to investigate both the valence- and conduction-band structures. The thickness of the film studied in this experiment was 1 ML. The observed electronic dispersion relations were compared with some theoretical ones reported for bulk h-BN. Among these theoretical calculations, the one by Catellani et al. [Phys. Rev. B 36, 6105 (1987)] is in the best agreement with the present results. We have discussed the strength of the interfacial bond and the influence of this bond upon the electronic states of the monolayer h-BN film on the basis of the observed band structures for the BN film and a film of monolayer graphite formed on Ni(111).
Mitochondrial enzymes increase in muscle in response to 7-10 days of cycle exercise (1996)

Endurance exercise training induces a significant increase in the respiratory capacity of skeletal muscle. This is reflected by a training-induced increase in mitochondrial enzyme activity. One consequence of this adaptation is that there is a decreased reliance on carbohydrate utilization with a concomitant increase in fat utilization, resulting in an improvement in endurance capacity. Recently it has been reported that 7-14 days of cycle ergometer exercise training does not induce an increase in mitochondrial enzyme levels in skeletal muscle but, nevertheless, results in smaller decreases in phosphocreatine and glycogen and smaller increases in Pi and lactate in muscle in response to the same exercise after compared with before training. However, previous studies in rats have shown that an adaptive increase in mitochondrial enzymes is already evident after only 2 days of exercise training. In view of this discrepency, the present study was performed to reevaluate the effect of short-term training (7-10 days) on mitochondrial enzymes in skeletal muscle of humans. Twelve subjects [6 men and 6 women, 27 +/- 5 (SE) yr old] underwent 7 (n = 5) or 10 days (n = 7) of cycle ergometer exercise for 2h/day at 60-70% of peak O2 consumption. Peak O2 consumption was increased by 9% (from 2.97 +/- 0.16 to 3.24 +/- 0.17 l/min) in response to training. Blood lactate levels were lower at the same absolute work rates after than before training. The activities of citrate synthase, beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial thiolase, and carnitine acetyltransferase were increased by approximately 30% in response to training. The results of the present study provide evidence that in humans, as in rats, the adaptive increase in mitochondrial enzymes in skeletal muscle occurs fairly rapidly in response to exercise training. They provide no support for the claim that this adaptive response is delayed for > 2 wk after the onset of training.