gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implants and Restorative Dentistry (2000)

Part I: Scientific Basis 1. Introduction to Oral Implantology and Restorative Dentistry 2. Morphological Aspects of Oral Implantology 3. Filling Materials for the Surgical Treatment of Alveolar Bone Defects: An Overview 4. Division of Available Bone 5. Bone Density 6. Peri-Implant Tissue Biology, Physiology and Pathology 7. Biocompatibility 8. Biomechanics Part II: Diagnosis and Treatment Planning 9. Diagnostic Methodology 10. Dental Implant Treatment Planning 11. Imaging in Oral Implantology 12. Computed Tomography in Oral Implantology Part III: Clinical Applications and Laboratory Procedures 13. Implant Surgery 14. Osseointegrated Dental Implants, Protodontics Proprioception and Occlusion 15. Completely Edentulous Mandible 16. Completely Edentulous Maxilla 17. Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery Related to Oral Implantology 18. Partial Edentulism 19. Single Tooth Implants 20. Mulitcenter Clinical Applications Part IV: Complications and Maintenance 21. Post Implant Neuropathies 22. Complications, Prevention, Correction and Maintenance
The association between mutations in the lysosomal protein glucocerebrosidase and parkinsonism (2009)

A body of work has emerged over the past decade demonstrating a relationship between mutations in glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA), the gene implicated in Gaucher disease (GD), and the development of parkinsonism. Several different lines of research support this relationship. First, patients with GD who are homozygous for mutations in GBA have a higher than expected propensity to develop Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, carriers of GBA mutations, particularly family members of patients with GD, have displayed an increased rate of parkinsonism. Subsequently, investigators from centers around the world screened cohorts of patients with parkinsonism for GBA mutations and found that overall, subjects with PD, as well as other Lewy body disorders, have at least a fivefold increase in the number of carriers of GBA mutations as compared to age-matched controls. In addition, neuropathologic studies of subjects with parkinsonism carrying GBA mutations demonstrate Lewy bodies, depletion of neurons of the substantia nigra, and involvement of hippocampal layers CA2-4. Although the basis for this association has yet to be elucidated, evidence continues to support the role of GBA as a PD risk factor across different centers, synucleinopathies, and ethnicities. Further studies of the association between GD and parkinsonism will stimulate new insights into the pathophysiology of the two disorders and will prove crucial for both genetic counseling of patients and family members and the design of relevant therapeutic strategies for specific patients with parkinsonism.
Dipeptidyl Arylamidase III of the Pituitary (1967)

Abstract An aminopeptidase has been demonstrated in the bovine anterior pituitary which hydrolyzes dipeptidyl residues from the amino terminus of peptides containing a minimum of 4 residues. Tetraalanine and hexaalanine are completely hydrolyzed to dialanine, whereas pentaalanine is cleaved to dialanine and trialanine. N-Acetyltetraalanine is not hydrolyzed. Similarly, tetralysine and tetraphenylalanine are hydrolyzed to the respective dipeptides; tetraglutamic acid and tetraglycine are not attacked. Of the dipeptidyl-β-naphthylamides (βNA), only Arg-Arg-βNA is readily hydrolyzed, yielding Arg-Arg and β-naphthylamine, and appears to serve as a relatively specific substrate since Ala-Ala-βNA, Lys-Lys-βNA, Gly-Arg-βNA, Ser-Tyr-βNA, Leu-Ala-βNA, and Lys-Ala-βNA are not attacked. The optimum for the hydrolysis of the susceptible substrates lies at pH 8.5 to 9.0. The maximal rate of hydrolysis of Arg-Arg-βNA occurs at 0.04 mm; greater concentrations of substrate as well as the product, Arg-Arg, are inhibitory. The enzyme is inhibited by thiol reagents and activated by thiol compounds. A 500-fold purification can be achieved by fractionation with (NH4)2SO4 and chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose.
Multicomponent Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared and UV Spectra (1988)

Two- and three-component mixtures of methylated benzenes were analyzed with the use of both infrared and UV spectra. The spectra of known mixtures were Fourier transformed and coefficients from the transforms selected to form coordinates of vectors. The resulting vectors were subjected to factor analysis to obtain representations for multicomponent analysis. A total of eight data sets were analyzed by factor analysis after preprocessing by taking the Fourier transforms of the spectra. The eight data sets were also analyzed by the P-matrix method (inverse Beer's law) in the spectral domain after preprocessing of the data to allow selection of the optimum analytical wavenumbers. This spectral method was compared to the Fourier transform method using cross-validation, in which one sample at a time was left out of the standards and treated as an unknown. The Standard Error of Prediction (SEP) was calculated for the two methods for all possible numbers of vectors and numbers of wavenumbers, starting with the number equal to the number of components and increasing up to a total number of standards or some reasonable cut-off value. Processing in the Fourier domain clearly produced the best results for seven of the data sets and equal results for the other set.
Incorporation of unnatural amino acids for synthetic biology (2009)

The challenge of synthetic biology lies in the construction of artificial cellular systems. This requires the development of modular "parts" that can be integrated into living systems to elicit an artificial, yet programmed, response or function. The development of methods to engineer proteins bearing unnatural amino acids (UAAs) provides essential components that may address this challenge. Here we review the emerging strategies for incorporating UAAs into proteins with the endgame of engineering artificial cells and organisms.
Synthesis of Defect-Free FAU-Type Zeolite Membranes and Separation for Dry and Moist CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> Mixtures (2005)

In this paper, the effects of synthesis conditions, including the seeding approach, gel composition, and hydrothermal treatment process, on the quality of porous α-alumina-supported Y-type FAU membranes were studied. Defect-free, pure NaY-type zeolite membranes have been synthesized and investigated for separation of equimolar CO2/N2 mixtures under dry and moist conditions at atmospheric pressure. At room temperature, the CO2 selectivity was about 31.2 for the CO2/N2 dry gas mixture with a CO2 permeance of 2.1 × 10-8 mol/m2·Pa·s. The addition of water vapor to the feed stream decreased the permeance for both CO2 and N2 in a temperature range of 23−200 °C. The existence of water vapor significantly enhanced the CO2 selectivity at 110−200 °C but drastically lowered the CO2 selectivity below 80 °C. At 200 °C, with increasing water partial pressure, the CO2 selectivity increased and then decreased after reaching a maximum of 4.6 at a water partial pressure of 12.3 kPa.
Graphical analysis and visualization of 3-D properties of molecules and solids (1991)

A simple approach is presented for visualizing three-dimensional properties of molecular and crystalline systems by using PC-based molecular drawing software. This allows a scientist with lower-cost PC-graphics capability to carry out analysis of data, such as wave functions and electron density, which would otherwise require a dedicated graphics workstation and expensive specialized software. In this approach, a data set [x,y,z,f1(x,y,z)] is transformed to a new set of data [x,y,z] for values of f1 meeting specified requirements. The function f1, which varies throughout a chemical system is difficult to visualize. However, a more manageable data set is obtained if the set of Cartesian coordinates corresponding to locations in the system where f1 has a specified value are used. This set of points can then be visualized and plotted with standard graphics software or PC-based molecular modeling programs. In addition, the use of PC-based molecular graphics permits one to superimpose the data describing molecular properties on drawings of the molecular geometry. The entire object can then be rotated to facilitate a clear analysis of the property of the molecule.
The Acid Catalyzed Cleavage of 4-Quinazolylmalonic Ester and Related Compounds to 4-Quinazolone (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Acid Catalyzed Cleavage of 4-Quinazolylmalonic Ester and Related Compounds to 4-QuinazoloneRobert C. Elderfield and Irving SerlinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1951, 16, 11, 1669–1682Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo50005a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo50005a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Bridged Polycyclic Systems via Radical Cyclizations. Uncovering of a Novel Carbocyclization—Ring Expansion Sequence. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mathematical model for the biodegradation of VOCs in trickle bed biofilters (1999)

The objective of this work is to develop a fundamental mathematical model that describes the biodegradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gas phase trickle-bed biofilters, and to estimate the unknown model parameters. The mathematical model considers a three-phase system (biofilm, water, and gas phase), non-uniform bacterial population, and one limiting substrate. Two pilot-scale trickle-bed biofilters were operated to remove the VOC diethyl ether from a waste gas stream. Experimental results from this system were used to estimate the unknown parameters of the steady-state model: the maximum rate of substrate utilization μmXf/Y, the Monod constant, Ks, and the ether biofilm/water diffusivity ratio, rd. While the value of μmXf/Y was uniquely determined, the values of Ks and rd were highly correlated. High values of the Monod constant and the ether diffusivity in the biofilm gave similar predictions to those corresponding to low values of both parameters. Batch studies were used to estimate the value of Ks without mass transfer limitations showing that Ks &lt; 1 mg/L=2.6 mg COD/L. Using this information and biofilter operating data the true values of Ks and rd were determined.
Immunization against Natural<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection in Nonhuman Primates (1998)

Helicobacter pylori infection is widespread in some breeding groups of a rhesus monkey colony (71% H. pylori positive by 1 year), and the rate of seroconversion is also high. As a result, these groups can be used to test the safety and efficacy of an anti-H. pylori vaccine. Nine-month-old female animals were randomized to receive either 8 mg of recombinant urease (rUre) plus 25 microg of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) (n = 26) or placebo plus LT (n = 29), given four times at 1-week intervals followed by a booster 1 month later. Ten months after the start of the immunization, the animals were subjected to endoscopy and biopsy samples were obtained. H. pylori negativity was defined as no H. pylori growth by culture and no H. pylori observed at histology. By this criterion, 2 (7%) of 29 animals receiving placebo and 8 (31%) of 26 immunized animals were H. pylori negative (P < 0.035). In addition, antral gastritis score was significantly less in H. pylori-negative immunized monkeys than in H. pylori-positive animals, whether they were given rUre plus LT or placebo plus LT (P < 0.02 or P < 0.01, respectively). Interestingly, antral gastritis was also significantly less in H. pylori-positive animals given rUre plus LT than in H. pylori-positive animals given placebo plus LT (P < 0.02). However, quantitative cultures did not demonstrate significant differences between the two latter groups. It is concluded that oral administration of rUre vaccine plus LT significantly protects nonhuman primates against H. pylori infection while not causing undesirable side effects.
A heterodyne interferometer for high-performance industrial metrology (2008)

We developed a compact, fiber-coupled heterodyne interferometer for translation and tilt metrology. Noise levels below 5 pm/√Hz in translation and below 10 nrad/√Hz in tilt measurement, both for frequencies above 10<sup>-2</sup> Hz, were demonstrated in lab experiments. While this setup was developed with respect to the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) space mission current activities focus on its adaptation for dimensional characterization of ultra-stable materials and industrial metrology. The interferometer is used in high-accuracy dilatometry measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of dimensionally highly stable materials such as carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) and Zerodur. The facility offers the possibility to measure the CTE with an accuracy better 10<sup>-8</sup>/K. We also develop a very compact and quasi-monolithic sensor head utilizing ultra-low expansion glass material which is the basis for a future space-qualifiable interferometer setup and serves as a prototype for a sensor head used in industrial environment. For high resolution 3D profilometry and surface property measurements (i. e. roughness, evenness and roundness), a low-noise (≤1nm/√ Hz) actuator will be implemented which enables a scan of the measurement beam over the surface under investigation.
Measurement of IgD by a Double Antibody Radioimmunoassay: Demonstration of an Apparent Trimodal Distribution of IgD Levels in Normal Human Sera (1977)

Abstract A double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed to measure IgD in serum and secretions. One IgD myeloma protein was used as radiolabeled antigen and standard with antiserum to a second IgD myeloma protein. The IgD standard and normal sera yielded parallel inhibition curves in the RIA and inhibition was produced by IgD and not by any of the other immunoglobulins. The assay had a lower limit of sensitivity of 0.01 International Unit (I.U.)/ml and modifications increased the sensitivity to 0.0008 I.U./ml. Measurable IgD levels were found in all 112 normal adult sera assayed (geometric mean 13.0 I.U./ml, arithmetic mean 30.1 I.U./ml, median 14.8 I.U./ml, range 0.10 to 202 I.U./ml, 95% of values between 0.19 and 156 I.U./ml. The distribution of IgD in the 112 normal sera appeared trimodal with modes at approximately 0.25 I.U./ml, 5 I.U./ml, and 35 I.U./ml. IgD was measurable in nasal and bronchial washes and human milk, but could not be detected in parotid fluid.
Location identification of distribution network events using synchrophasor data (2017)

This paper proposes a novel method to identify the location of events in power distribution systems. An event is defined broadly here to include a change in state of a switch, a change in voltage, in form of a sag or swell, etc. The proposed method is developed based on the compensation theorem in circuit theory to generate an equivalent circuit according to the pre-event and post-event feeder states. To such aim, the post-event voltage deviations from pre-event values are assumed to be measured by distribution-level phasor measurement units, a.k.a, micro-PMUs. Importantly, we consider the fact that it is neither economic nor necessary to measure every node's voltage deviation along the feeder to find the source and location of the event. In fact, we utilize data from as few as only two micro-PMUs, that are installed at the beginning and at the end of the feeder, to identify the location of an event. The rest of the information collected from the feeder is in form of pseudo-measurements. Despite the natural inaccuracy in pseudo-measurements, the proposed hybrid method is robust against the pseudo-measurements error. The effectiveness of the developed method is demonstrated through simulating the IEEE 33 bus test system in PSCAD.
Neurovirulence and latency of drug‐resistant clinical herpes simplex viruses in animal models (2010)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) resistance to acyclovir or foscarnet results from mutations in viral thymidine kinase (TK) and/or DNA polymerase (pol) genes. Replication kinetics and virulence of TK and/or DNA pol clinical mutants were assessed using models of mouse encephalitis and cotton rat genital infection. Replication capacities in Vero cells of a DNA pol altered strain (L850I) and a TK/DNA pol mutant (C467deletion/A912V) were significantly lower than those of unrelated wild-type (WT) strains, while a double DNA pol mutant (S724N/P920S) demonstrated replication kinetics similar to the WT. The replication of a TK-deficient mutant (G439.5addition) was impaired (low m.o.i.) or unaltered (high m.o.i.) compared to that of a WT virus depending on the viral inoculum. Compared to a survival rate of 6% for mice infected intranasally with WT HSV-1 or -2 viruses, G439.5add, C467deletion/A912V and L850I strains were associated with survival rates of 100% (P < 0.05) whereas mice infected with the S724N/P920S mutant had a survival rate of 33% (P = 0.08). Brain viral titers were higher in mice infected with WT HSV-1 or -2 strains and the double DNA pol mutant. All strains except the DNA pol mutant L850I were able to establish latency in the dorsal root ganglia of cotton rats. A good correlation was generally found between replication kinetics of DNA pol mutants and their neurovirulence potential in mice whereas such correlation was not straightforward for TK mutants.
<i>The Oncologist</i> Chinese Edition: A Global Mission, A Unifying Bond (2011)

On behalf of our global editorial board, we are honored and delighted to make The Oncologist available in a fully translated Chinese Edition to the members of the Chinese Society for Clinical Oncology (CSCO).Our Chinese Edition represents a milestone in our progress toward a seamless practice of cancer specialties across the world.As physicians who serve the citizens of China, you will now be in direct communication with other leaders in oncology practice around the world, and all of us will have the benefit of your ongoing practice experience and clinical research in China.We are deeply grateful for the leadership and vision of our distinguished co-Editors,
A new process for one micron and finer CMOS (1985)

We have demonstrated a new process architecture using retrograde N-wells which provides rigorous isolation and latch-up immunity at 3µm N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> to P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> spacing, while using straightforward LOCOS processing with self-aligned channel stops. Excellent transistor performance has been obtained. Twenty-three stage ring oscillators with and without LDD structure have been characterized.
Influencing user behaviour with energy information display systems for intelligent homes (2006)

This paper considers the design of energy consumption displays from a theoretical standpoint in relation to user–appliance interactions in the home. It presents the main options for display position and discusses what detailed information to display in order to promote energy saving. To guide the designer in making decisions regarding the merits of displaying appliance-specific information (ASI) and grouped appliance information (GAI) around the home, classifications are presented of appliance-associated micro-behaviours and appliance control to end-use relationships. A hybrid display approach is suggested as a most effective solution. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source Data Perturbation in Statistical Disclosure Control (2000)

When tables of quantitative data are generated from a datafile, the release of those tables should not reveal information concerning individual respondents. This disclosure of individual respondents in the microdata file can be prevented by applying disclosure control methods at the table level, but this may create inconsistencies across tables.
New antitumor antibiotics, FR-900405 and FR-900406. I. Taxonomy of the producing strain. (1985)

An actinomycete which was isolated from a soil sample produces new antitumor substances. The morphological and cultural characteristics of the strain resemble those of the genera Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 and Actinomadura Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1970. Cell wall composition analysis showed that strain No. 6049 contained meso-2,6-diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall, and madurose in whole-cell sugars. No sporangia, zoospores or fragmentations of vegetative mycelium are observed. From these results, strain No. 6049 is designated as Actinomadura pulveracea sp. nov.
Herpes simplex virus capsids assembled in insect cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses: structural authenticity and localization of VP26 (1995)

Recently, recombinant baculoviruses have been used to show that expression of six herpes simplex virus type 1 genes results in the formation of capsid-like particles. We have applied cryoelectron microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction to establish their structural authenticity to a resolution of approximately 2.7 nm. By comparing capsids assembled with and without the expression of gene UL35, we have confirmed the presence of six copies of its product, VP26 (12 kDa), around each hexon tip. However, VP26 is not present on pentons, indicating that the conformational differences between the hexon and penton states of the major capsid protein, VP5, extend to the VP26 binding site.
HiQ: A Hierarchical Q-Learning Algorithm to Solve the Reader Collision Problem (2006)

HiQ is a hierarchical, online learning algorithm that finds dynamic solutions to the reader collision problem in RFID systems. When the transmissions from one reader interfere with the operation of another reader, a reader collision occurs. The objective of the reader collision problem is to minimize the reader collisions experienced by RFID readers while using the minimum number of frequencies and using the minimum total time for all readers to communicate successfully. HiQ attempts to minimize reader collisions by learning the collision patterns of the readers and by effectively assigning frequencies over time to ensure neighboring readers do not experience collisions from one another. HiQ is arranged hierarchically with distributed, local control. The algorithm is based on a type of reinforcement learning called Q-learning, which is used to determine frequency and time assignments. Through repeated interaction with the system, Q-learning attempts to discover an optimum frequency assignment over time. We show that HiQ finds optimal or near optimal solutions to the reader collision problem.