gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Chimeric Vitronectin: IGF-I Protein Supports Feeder-Cell-Free and Serum-Free Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2010)

The therapeutic use of human embryonic stem (hES) cells is severely limited by safety concerns regarding their culture in media containing animal-derived or nondefined factors and on animal-derived feeder cells. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop culture techniques that are xeno-free, fully defined, and synthetic. Our laboratory has discovered that insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and vitronectin (VN) bind to each other resulting in synergistic short-term functional effects in several cell types, including keratinocytes and breast epithelial cells. We have further refined this complex into a single chimeric VN:IGF-I protein that functionally mimics the effects obtained upon binding of IGF-I to VN. The aim of the current study was to determine whether hES cells can be serially propagated in feeder-cell-free and serum-free conditions using medium containing our novel chimeric VN:IGF-I protein. Here we demonstrate that hES cells can be serially propagated and retain their undifferentiated state in vitro for up to 35 passages in our feeder-cell-free, serum-free, chemically defined media. We have utilized real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis to show that the hES cells have maintained an undifferentiated phenotype. In vitro differentiation assays demonstrated that the hES cells retain their pluripotent potential and the karyotype of the hES cells remains unchanged. This study demonstrates that the novel, fully defined, synthetic VN:IGF-I chimera-containing medium described herein is a viable alternative to media containing serum, and that in conjunction with laminin-coated plates facilitates feeder-cell-free and serum-free growth of hES.
Prostaglandin E2질정의 분만유도효과에 관한 임상적 연구 (1993)

이화대학병원 산부인과에 내원한 임신 38주이상의 산모 160명에 대해 대조군 40명과 경구 용 PG 투여군, PGE2 질정투여군, oxytocin 투여군 각각 40명을 실험군으로 하였다. Bishop score 10 이하의 환자를 선택하고 대조군은 내원 당시 5분이내의 유효 분만진통이 있 는 경우, 실험군은 유효 분만진통이 없는 경우로 선택하였으며 초산부, 경산부에 따라 분류하 였다. 이와 같은 선택 및 분류를 기초로 PGE2 질정의 임상효율성을 비교 평가하였다. 1. 각 실험군의 분만횟수, 연령, 임신주수는 대조군에 비해 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2. 분만유도 8시간후 각 실험군간의 분만유도 성공율에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. PGE2 질정을 사용하여 분만유도에 실패한 군중 초산부의 경우 Bishop score 3점 이상 개선이 경구용 PG 투여군이나 oxytocin투여군보다 유의한 향상을 보여주었다. 분만유 도 8시간후, 진통이 유발되지 않은 실패군은 oxytocin 정맥점적 투여를 추가하였는데 PGE2 질정투여 실패군중 초산부에서는 oxytocin 단독 투여군에 비해 유의한 차이 는 보이지 않았으나 oxytocin단독투여군의 8.3시간에 비하여 7.8시간으로 다소 짧은 경향을 보였다. 4. 분만유도시간은 대조군과 각 실험군사이에 차이가 없었고 출혈이나 산후 태아상태에도 유 의성이 없었다. 5. 제왕절개 빈도는 PGE2 질정투여군이 다른 군에 비해 유의하게 적은 빈도를 나 타냈다. 6. 부작용은 경구용 PG 투여군에서 오심, 구토, 설사 등 위장관 장애증세와 태아긴박증이 각 각 1례씩 나타났고 PGE2 질정투여군에서 태아긴박증 1례, 태반조기박리가 1례 등이 나타났으며 oxytocin 사용군에서는 3례의 태아긴박증이 있었다. 이상의 결과로 PGE2 질정투여를 이용한 분만유도는 분만유도 효과면에서는 oxytocin 정맥점적 투여방법이나 경구용 PG 투여방법에 비해 유의성을 보이지 않았으나 분만 유도에 실패한 경우에 있어서 초산부에서는 자궁경부숙화에 유의한 효과를 나타내어 이후 oxytocin 정맥점적 추가투여시 분만유도에서 분만까지의 시간이 단축되는 경향을 나타내었고 제왕절개의 빈도도 감소시킬 수 있었다. 또한 사용법에 있어 다른 방법보다 간편하며 부작용 또한 다른 방법에 비해 현저하지 않아 분만유도가 필요한 만삭 초산부에서 우선적으로 선택할 수 있는 분만유도방법으로 생각된다.
Subtraction of the Water Spectra from Infrared Spectra of Acidic and Alkaline Solutions (1998)

The IR spectrum of a sample in acidic and alkaline solutions cannot be retrieved adequately when only the spectrum of pure water is subtracted. After such an operation, some water bands remain in the spectrum, which also has a distorted baseline. An analysis of a series of IR spectra of HCl and NaOH solutions showed that they could be represented by two pairs of eigenspectra, one pair for the acidic solutions and the other for the basic solutions. The fraction of each eigenspectrum of a sample in an acidic or alkaline solution is determined with the 2100 and 3300 cm −1 water bands. After subtraction, no baseline adjustment is necessary. The effectiveness of the method used to subtract the water bands is illustrated with solutions of malic acid at low and high pH.
Transcriptional Regulation of Human CYP2C Genes: Functional Comparison of CYP2C9 and CYP2C18 Promoter Regions (1995)

The cytochrome P4502C subfamily comprises a group of constitutive microsomal hemoproteins which are expressed primarily in liver. In humans, this subfamily is responsible for metabolism of a variety of therapeutic drugs such as warfarin, mephenytoin, omeprazole, and antiinflammatory drugs. In the present study, we analyzed the promoter activity of the 5'-flanking region of two human CYP2C genes, CYP2C9 and CYP2C18. The ability of the 2.2-kb 5'-flanking region of the CYP2C9 gene to direct expression of a luciferase reporter gene in HepG2 cells was 25 times greater than that of the 1.3-kb 5'-flanking region of CYP2C18. Deletional analysis of CYP2C9 indicated that the minimal promoter was located between the translation start site and nucleotide -155, and an HPF-1 domain consensus sequence was identified in this region. Gel shift analysis demonstrated that nuclear proteins from HepG2 cells had a high binding affinity for a 20-bp oligonucleotide containing the HPF-1 site of CYP2C9. Antiserum to rat HNF-4 supershifted this DNA--protein complex, and an oligonucleotide derived from an HNF-4 motif present in the human apolipoprotein CIII promoter competed for the supershifted complex. Cotransfection with an HNF-4 expression plasmid increased transcriptional activity of the CYP2C9 minimal promoter (approximately 2-fold) in HepG2 cells and elevated activity more substantially in nonhepatic NIH3T3 cells (26-fold) and Cos 1 cells (9-fold).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation after high-dose busulfan and cyclophosphamide in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (1989)

Ninety-nine patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) received HLA-identical bone marrow transplants (BMTs) from sibling donors after preparation with high doses of busulfan and cyclophosphamide. Forty- nine patients were transplanted in first complete remission (CR), and 50 patients were transplanted in second and third CR and early relapse. Fifty-three received one of three regimens containing primarily low- dose cyclophosphamide (group I) for graft-v-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis; since March 1983, 46 patients received intravenous (IV) cyclosporine (group II). After December 1983, only cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seronegative blood products were used in appropriate patients, and since April 1984 patients seropositive for herpes-simplex virus (HSV) and CMV received high-dose acyclovir prophylaxis. For patients transplanted in first CR, there was a significantly lower incidence of acute GVHD (P = .005) and deaths related to GVHD and interstitial pneumonitis (P = .001) in patients in group II. This was reflected in an improved Kaplan-Meier probability of disease-free survival (DFS) in the 22 patients transplanted in group II as compared with the 27 patients in group I (64% +/- 10% v 30% +/- 9%, P = .017). The probability of remaining in remission was slightly lower in group II (82% +/- 9% v 94% +/- 6%, P = .479). For patients transplanted in second and third CR and early relapse, the incidence of acute GVHD (P = .026) and deaths related to GVHD and interstitial pneumonitis was significantly lower in group II (P = .029); the probability of remaining in remission was also less (47% +/- 15% v 91% +/- 15%, P = .022). However, the probability of DFS was not significantly different between the two groups (26% +/- 10% v 35% +/- 18%, P = .957). We conclude that transplantation for patients in first CR who received IV cyclosporine therapy is effective treatment; patients with more refractory disease treated with the same cyclosporine regimen (group II) had a lower incidence of GVHD than those treated in group I, but survival did not improve because of an increase in the number of relapses and other nonleukemic complications.
The environmental checklist--a quality assurance tool. (1986)

Most people agree that staff productivity and quality of work are influenced by physical surroundings. This awareness usually kindles a desire to implement a plan of action. The environmental checklist can serve as a quality assurance tool to monitor comprehensively the work environment. In our Central Service department, we have seen a number of positive changes as a result of implementing environmental checklists. The efficiency of work performed has increased through appropriately organized and labeled supplies. Positive images of the department have been emphasized and communicated to others. Awareness of and appreciation for the physical surroundings in which we work each day are integral parts of our management routine. Regardless of how large or small your healthcare facility may be, we believe the efficiency and safety of any Central Service operation will be significantly improved through the consistent use of a well-designed environmental checklist. And yes, you will be better prepared for those unexpected visitors and surprise inspections.
Computer-assisted medical decision-making: interest growing (1982)

"C omputers can never replace physicians. Only physicians have the ability to reason logically and to mix that reason with intuition, experience, and ethics—something no machine can ever learn to do." Or so many physicians have been telling people proposing computer-assisted medical decision making (CMD) since the early 1960s, and controversy has continued. But now it looks like the two sides are nearing agreement: Computers may never replace physicians, but they can and will assist their decisions. "Assist" is the key word in CMD. Early advocates tended to overestimate the powers of the computer and promised complete clinical evaluation at the push of a button. It was natural for physicians to feel somewhat threatened. It was also natural that, with experience, such promises had to be modified. Today there still are only several functioning knowledge-based decision systems—called "knowledge-based" because they make inferences using a data base of medical information stored
Effect of Infrared Transparency on the Heat Transfer Through Windows: A Clarification of the Greenhouse Effect (1976)

The various radiative, convective, and conductive components of the net heat transfer are calculated and illustrated for various infrared transparencies of covers such as would be used in architectural, greenhouse, or solar collector windows. It is shown that in the limiting cases of infrared opacity and infrared transparency the relative contributions of the three modes of heat transfer are altered, but all contribute significantly. The radiation shielding arguments pertain to the analogous green-house effect in the atmosphere.
Intermolecular Coupling Reaction of Alkynes with Vinyl Bromide with Selective Skeletal Rearrangement (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTIntermolecular Coupling Reaction of Alkynes with Vinyl Bromide with Selective Skeletal RearrangementTamotsu Takahashi, Zhenfeng Xi, Reinald Fischer, Shouquan Huo, Chanjuan Xi, and Kiyohiko NakajimaView Author Information Catalysis Research Center and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan Department of Chemistry Aichi University of Education Igaya, Kariya 448, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 19, 4561–4562Publication Date (Web):May 14, 1997Publication History Received7 January 1997Published online14 May 1997Published inissue 1 May 1997https://doi.org/10.1021/ja970055+Copyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views862Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (176 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Hydrocarbons,Mixtures,Reaction products,Vinyl Get e-Alerts
Learning with compositional semantics as structural inference for subsentential sentiment analysis (2008)

Determining the polarity of a sentiment-bearing expression requires more than a simple bag-of-words approach. In particular, words or constituents within the expression can interact with each other to yield a particular overall polarity. In this paper, we view such subsentential interactions in light of compositional semantics, and present a novel learning-based approach that incorporates structural inference motivated by compositional semantics into the learning procedure. Our experiments show that (1) simple heuristics based on compositional semantics can perform better than learning-based methods that do not incorporate compositional semantics (accuracy of 89.7% vs. 89.1%), but (2) a method that integrates compositional semantics into learning performs better than all other alternatives (90.7%). We also find that "content-word negators", not widely employed in previous work, play an important role in determining expression-level polarity. Finally, in contrast to conventional wisdom, we find that expression-level classification accuracy uniformly decreases as additional, potentially disambiguating, context is considered.
A three year multiphase pressure ulcer prevalence/incidence study in a regional referral hospital. (2004)

Pressure ulcers can have a devastating impact on health and care provision, ranging from patient discomfort and increased healthcare costs to a potential reflection on the quality of care. To evaluate the outcomes of prevention education and skin integrity interventions on the incidence of pressure ulcers, a multiphase project was initiated in an urban 154-bed regional referral community hospital in Ontario, Canada that provides care to an urban and rural population. The prevalence study included 84 adult subjects at baseline, 77 after one year (Phase 1), and 100 after 3 years (Phase 2). The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk and a data collection form were used to record prevalence, incidence, stage and location of pressure ulcers, and related documented interventions. Incidence data were obtained from patient charts and defined as ulcers that developed over 24 hours following admission. Phase 1 interventions involved staff education and replacement of existing skin care products. Phase 2 interventions included adoption of pressure ulcer prevention protocols, advanced wound care products, improved support surface usage, modification of documentation methods, and staff education. Of the 84 patients assessed at baseline , 15 (17.9 %) developed 22 pressure ulcers compared to 4 of 77 (5.2%) during Phase 1 and 2 out of 100 (2.0%) during Phase 2. The difference between baseline and both subsequent time points was statistically significant (P greater than 0.05). These results suggest that education and the implementation of appropriate skin care products and procedures and pressure ulcer prevention protocols may reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers.
Tuning Structural Color Changes of Porous Thermosensitive Gels through Quantitative Adjustment of the Cross-Linker in Pre-gel Solutions (2003)

“Smart” porous gels with different optical behaviors were synthesized by quantitative adjustment of the cross-linker in pre-gel solutions. A periodically ordered interconnecting porous structure could be created in the gels by using a closest-packing silica colloidal crystal as a template. The interconnecting porosity provides fast response to changes in temperature through the reversible swelling and shrinking of the gels, while the periodically ordered mesoscopic structure endows the porous gels with structural color, which can be tuned by simply changing the amount of the cross-linker in the pre-gel solutions.
Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management (1996)

Foreward Section A: Clinical Aspects of UTI Epidemiology and clinical syndromes of UTI Quantitative bacteriuria and pyuria in the diagnosis of UTI Diagnostic microbiology for bacteria and yeast causing UTI Therapy and prevention of UTIs Section B: Molecular Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenesis in UTI An overview of molecular pathogenesis of bacterial infection Virulence determinants of E. coli Molecular genetics of P. fimbriae synthesis and assembly Hemolysins of E. coli Virulence determinants of Proteus mirabilis Proteus mirabilis swarmer cell differentiation Virulence determinants of Klebsiella pneumoniae Virulence determinants of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, S. epidermis, and enterococci Uropathogenic yeast In vitro models for the study of uropathogens Animal models of UTI Vaccines for UTI
Efficacy testing of nonbiocidal and fouling‐release coatings (2014)

A number of organisms is routinely used in laboratory assays (i) to enable the down-selection of coating libraries and (ii) to test hypotheses in relation to settlement/adhesion on model/practical surfaces. Settlement and fouling-release assays are described for bacteria, algae and barnacles. This chapter focuses on those that have been modified or developed for evaluating a wide range of nonbiocidal coating technologies, particularly in programs supported by the European Commission and the US Office of Naval Research. These programs have necessitated bioassay methods that can be applied to large numbers of samples provided by chemists and polymer scientists. The main test organisms that have been used for testing the antifouling efficacy of nonbiocidal and fouling-release coatings are barnacles, especially Balanus amphitrite , the green macroalga Ulva and diatoms.
Modelling of SiC Chemical Vapour Infiltration Process Assisted by Microwave Heating (2009)

The excessive presence of residual SiC matrix inter-fiber pores is often the main cause for the very poor mechanical strength and toughness of SiC/SiC composites manufactured by CVI process. The use of numerical modeling, for optimizing both the CVI process and the material properties, poses further problems related with the presence of two very different domain scales, i.e. the reactor scale and the pore scale, which is difficult to be solved when conventional finite element codes are used. This work presents a micro/macro microwave- assisted chemical vapour infiltration (MW-CVI) model as a strategy to attack the problems above. The proposed model couples a reactor-scale (macro) steady state electromagnetic MW- heating/heat conduction model with a pore-scale (micro) transient gas diffusion-flow/densification kinetic model. A sensitivity analysis is first accomplished to identify the most critical parameters playing a role in the MW-CVI process. Second, the densification process of the SiC/SiC composite is investigated in detail. The results show that the MW frequency is, among others, the most critical factor affecting the MW- CVI process. The predicted optimum temperature profile across the SiC preform provides a step forward to the optimum densification of SiC/SiC composites during MW-CVI.
A framework of classes for distributed controlling (2002)

Today's controlling systems become more and more complex. One of the base problems for an application design engineer is to build the mostly complex visualization component and the graphical user-interface for the control application. The application program should allow changes in requirement of the system in a very simple way. Conventional visualization systems are not flexible enough to meet this need. The object-oriented class framework presented in this paper supports developers to easily generate control applications by using and extending classes. Distributed data processing by servers and clients is the main concept, which is supported by this application framework.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The engineering of chemical reactions (1997)

Preface PART I. FUNDAMENTALS 1. Chemical Reactors 2. Reaction Rates, the Batch Reactor, and the Real World 3. Single Reactions in Continuous Isothermal Reactors 4. Multiple Reactions in Continuous Reactors 5. Nonisothermal Reactors 6. Multiple Steady States and Transients 7. Catalytic Reactors and Mass Transfer PART II. APPLICATIONS 8. Nonideal Reactors, Bioreactors, and Environmental Modeling 9. Reactions of Solids 10. Chain Reactions, Combustion Reactors, and Safety 11. Polymerization Reactions and Reactors 12. Multiphase Reactors APPENDIX A. INTEGRATING DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS APPENDIX B. NOTATION APPENDIX C. CONVERSION FACTORS
Sentiment in Twitter events (2010)

The microblogging site Twitter generates a constant stream of communication, some of which concerns events of general interest. An analysis of Twitter may, therefore, give insights into why particular events resonate with the population. This article reports a study of a month of English Twitter posts, assessing whether popular events are typically associated with increases in sentiment strength, as seems intuitively likely. Using the top 30 events, determined by a measure of relative increase in (general) term usage, the results give strong evidence that popular events are normally associated with increases in negative sentiment strength and some evidence that peaks of interest in events have stronger positive sentiment than the time before the peak. It seems that many positive events, such as the Oscars, are capable of generating increased negative sentiment in reaction to them. Nevertheless, the surprisingly small average change in sentiment associated with popular events (typically 1% and only 6% for Tiger Woods' confessions) is consistent with events affording posters opportunities to satisfy pre-existing personal goals more often than eliciting instinctive reactions.
Analysis of Dynamic Systems Using Heuristic Optimization (1980)

In certain dynamic problems, the determination of the applied torques at the joints from the measured displacement-time history is of interest, and is known as the inverse dynamic problem. A general purpose algorithm, “Heuristic Combinatorial Optimization Technique”, [1] has been shown to produce fast and improved solutions in the kinematic and the dynamic design of mechanical systems compared to conventional techniques. In the present study, a new approach to the inverse dynamic problem is introduced. An effective algorithm is developed by combining the Heuristic Optimization Technique with the Automated Assembly Program [2]. Two problems are investigated. The first deals with a man-machine interaction system; the second deals with the spatial motion of a manipulator. The investigation demonstrates the potential application of the procedure in the analysis of dynamic systems of realistic complexity.
Low loss multimode waveguides on silicon substrate (1992)

A new method for achieving low loss multimode waveguides combining microwave etching and thermal oxidation of silicon to form a suitable mould and optical cladding is presented. The mould is then filled up with an optical glue to make the waveguide core. Optical losses as low as 0.1 ± 0.08 dB/cm have been measured with the guiding structure compatible with multimode silica or plastic fibres.