gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional consequences of sphingomyelinase-induced changes in erythrocyte membrane structure (2012)

Inflammation enhances the secretion of sphingomyelinases (SMases). SMases catalyze the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin into phosphocholine and ceramide. In erythrocytes, ceramide formation leads to exposure of the removal signal phosphatidylserine (PS), creating a potential link between SMase activity and anemia of inflammation. Therefore, we studied the effects of SMase on various pathophysiologically relevant parameters of erythrocyte homeostasis. Time-lapse confocal microscopy revealed a SMase-induced transition from the discoid to a spherical shape, followed by PS exposure, and finally loss of cytoplasmic content. Also, SMase treatment resulted in ceramide-associated alterations in membrane-cytoskeleton interactions and membrane organization, including microdomain formation. Furthermore, we observed increases in membrane fragility, vesiculation and invagination, and large protein clusters. These changes were associated with enhanced erythrocyte retention in a spleen-mimicking model. Erythrocyte storage under blood bank conditions and during physiological aging increased the sensitivity to SMase. A low SMase activity already induced morphological and structural changes, demonstrating the potential of SMase to disturb erythrocyte homeostasis. Our analyses provide a comprehensive picture in which ceramide-induced changes in membrane microdomain organization disrupt the membrane-cytoskeleton interaction and membrane integrity, leading to vesiculation, reduced deformability, and finally loss of erythrocyte content. Understanding these processes is highly relevant for understanding anemia during chronic inflammation, especially in critically ill patients receiving blood transfusions.
Unsupervised learning of an extensive and usable taxonomy for DBpedia (2015)

In the digital era, Wikipedia represents a comprehensive cross-domain source of knowledge with millions of contributors. The DBpedia project transforms Wikipedia content into RDF and currently plays a crucial role in the Web of Data as a central multilingual interlinking hub. However, its main classification system depends on human curation, which causes it to lack coverage, resulting in a large amount of untyped resources. We present an unsupervised approach that automatically learns a taxonomy from the Wikipedia category system and extensively assigns types to DBpedia entities, through the combination of several interdisciplinary techniques. It provides a robust backbone for DBpedia knowledge and has the benefit of being easy to understand for end users. Crowdsourced online evaluations demonstrate that our strategy outperforms state-of-the-art approaches both in terms of coverage and intuitiveness.
Acetylcholine‐induced K+ currents in smooth muscle cells of intact rat small arteries. (1997)

1. The mechanism of the sustained acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) in intact rat small mesenteric arteries prestimulated with noradrenaline (10(-6) M) was investigated by means of the single microelectrode voltage-clamp method. 2. The vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in this preparation are poorly or even not coupled for the reasons that: (1) the mean input resistance Rlnp of the clamped vascular smooth muscle increases from 120 M omega under control conditions to 440 M omega after application of K+ channel blocking drugs, (2) the voltage relaxation after injection of hyperpolarizing currents has a monoexponential time course and is linearly dependent on Rlnp, and (3) voltage steps induced by current-clamp steps are not transferred to locations in the vascular musculature 120 microns apart from the current injecting microelectrode. 3. Sustained (> 5 min) application of ACh (10(-5) M) hyperpolarized the VSMCs by induction of a hyperpolarizing current. This effect was completely blocked by the inhibitor of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase L-NAME (10(-3) M) but not by the inhibitor of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGCl) Methylene Blue (MB, 10(-4) M). 4. Application of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10(-6) M) for more than 5 min mimicked the induction of the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing current in vessels with destroyed endothelium. The reversal potential of this current is dependent on the extracellular K+ concentration. The effect of SNP could also not be blocked by MB. 5. The blockers of ATP-dependent and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels, glibenclamide (Glb, 10(-5) M) and charybdotoxin (CTX, 5 x 10(-8) M), respectively, blocked a hyperpolarizing current in the VSMCs similar to the ACh- or SNP-induced current. 6. The isolated application of either Glb or CTX did not block the activation of the hyperpolarizing current by SNP. Only the combined administration of Glb and CTX blocked the SNP-induced current completely. 7. Our results suggest that in rat small mesenteric artery, ACh hyperpolarizes the VSMCs tonically by activating both ATP- and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ currents, only via release of NO from the endothelium without need for activation of the sGCl.
The Ventral Striatum in Off-Line Processing: Ensemble Reactivation during Sleep and Modulation by Hippocampal Ripples (2004)

Previously it has been shown that the hippocampus and neocortex can spontaneously reactivate ensemble activity patterns during post-behavioral sleep and rest periods. Here we examined whether such reactivation also occurs in a subcortical structure, the ventral striatum, which receives a direct input from the hippocampal formation and has been implicated in guidance of consummatory and conditioned behaviors. During a reward-searching task on a T-maze, flanked by sleep and rest periods, parallel recordings were made from ventral striatal ensembles while EEG signals were derived from the hippocampus. Statistical measures indicated a significant amount of reactivation in the ventral striatum. In line with hippocampal data, reactivation was especially prominent during post-behavioral slow-wave sleep, but unlike the hippocampus, no decay in pattern recurrence was visible in the ventral striatum across the first 40 min of post-behavioral rest. We next studied the relationship between ensemble firing patterns in ventral striatum and hippocampal ripples-sharp waves, which have been implicated in pattern replay. Firing rates were significantly modulated in close temporal association with hippocampal ripples in 25% of the units, showing a marked transient enhancement in the average response profile. Strikingly, ripple-modulated neurons in ventral striatum showed a clear reactivation, whereas nonmodulated cells did not. These data suggest, first, the occurrence of pattern replay in a subcortical structure implied in the processing and prediction of reward and, second, a functional linkage between ventral striatal reactivation and a specific type of high-frequency population activity associated with hippocampal replay.
Contribution of Platelet-Derived CD40 Ligand to Inflammation, Thrombosis and Neoangiogenesis (2007)

CD40-CD40L interactions have been involved in inflammation and thrombosis. Several diseases are characterized by inflammation, hypercoagulability and increased prevalence of thromboembolic events. In the past decade, a series of preclinical and clinical studies has provided more insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms linking inflammatory mediators to the activation and regulation of the haemostatic system. In particular, the study of CD40-CD40L interactions has greatly contributed to understanding the role of platelets in a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including atherothrombosis, immuno-inflammatory diseases and, possibly, cancer. A wide variety of preclinical and clinical studies have generated clinical interest in the use of CD40L as a prognostic marker of thrombotic risk. However, the use of sCD40L in clinical studies requires reliable methods. For the correct interpretation of results, clinical and research laboratories and physicians must be aware of the limitations of immunoassays for this cytokine, which underlines the need for standardization of preanalytic conditions. This review will focus on biochemical evidence of CD40L involvement in platelet activation, contribution of platelet-derived CD40L to inflammation, thrombosis and neoangiogenesis, and possible methodological pitfalls regarding the appropriate specimen and preparation for laboratory evaluation of blood soluble CD40L as a biomarker in various human diseases characterized by underlying inflammation, such as atherothrombosis, cancer and immuno-inflammatory diseases.
Development of a finite element model to study the torsional fracture strength of an analogue tibia with bicortical holes (2013)

Fractured bones are often stabilised with orthopaedic fracture plates and screws until healed. If the plates and screws are removed, the vacant screw holes introduce a potential site for re-fracture. This study is aimed at simulating a laboratory torsional fracture test of a composite analogue tibia with vacant screw holes using a finite element (FE) model. This FE model is set up the same as the experimental torsion test, with a section from the distal portion of the tibia. The FE model contains over 35k second-order brick elements and nearly 165k nodes. It utilises an isotropic linear elastic material law with material properties obtained from the analogue tibia manufacturer. Comparisons between the experimental model and the FE model consider the fracture torque, fracture angle, and specific torsional stiffness. Stress contours of the FE model are compared to the fracture path of the experimental model. The FE model predicts the fracture location and a fracture torque within the standard deviation of that determined experimentally.
AN INVESTIGATION OF WORKERS' USE AND APPRECIATION OF SUPPORTIVE WORKPLACE POLICIES. (1995)

This paper examines how the use of family-responsive policies varies with workers' personal and occupational characteristics. The relationship between workers' use of benefits and their appreciation of the company's human resource policies is also investigated to better understand the extent to which workers must use benefits to appreciate them.
Immunization against Turkey Coryza by Colonization with Mutants of Alcaligenes faecalis (1980)

Temperature-sensitive mutants of Alcaligenes faecalis that exhibited reduced growth at 42 C but grew well at 30 C were induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Four of the 5 mutants that were studied readily colonized the nasal mucosa of turkeys when given intranasally or in drinking water. Several mutants caused no signs of coryza or depression and produced minimal colonization of the trachea. Colonization of the nasal mucosa lasted 3 to 4 weeks and induced moderate levels of serum antibodies. When challenged with virulent isolates of A. faecalis 4 to 6 weeks after having been exposed to the mutants, unstressed turkeys were protected; turkeys subjected to water deprivation exhibited some colonization with the virulent strain and showed slight signs of coryza.
Preparative enzymatic synthesis and HPLC analysis of rhapontigenin: applications to metabolism, pharmacokinetics and anti-cancer studies. (2005)

The preparative enzymatic synthesis method has demonstrated utility to provide sufficient rhapontigenin for pharmaceutical studies. Rhapontigenin is an active anti-cancer compound. The developed HPLC assay is sensitive, reproducible and accurate and can be applied to pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies.
β-Aspartyl Peptide Formation from an Amino Acid Sequence in Ribonuclease<sup>*</sup> (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTβ-Aspartyl Peptide Formation from an Amino Acid Sequence in Ribonuclease*Edward E. Haley and Betty J. CorcoranCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 9, 2668–2672Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00861a004https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00861a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views21Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reviews of Books (1972)

Reviews of Books The Jesus of the Early Christians. A Study in Christian Origins. By G. A. WELLS. (London: Pemberton, 1971. £2.25) W. H. C. FREND W. H. C. FREND University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXVII, Issue CCCXLIII, April 1972, Pages 345–348, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXVII.CCCXLIII.345 Published: 01 April 1972
Occurrence of glutamine-2-oxoacid transaminase activity in the blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica. (1985)

Aspartate and glutamate were formed from glutamine and oxaloacetate with crude enzyme extracts obtained by ammonium sulfate precipitation (35-65% saturation) from the blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica. In this reaction the 2-amino group of glutamine was transferred to oxaloacetate in the absence of a reluctant. Azaserine, an inhibitor of glutamine -amide transfer, inhibited glutamate formation from glutamine but did not inhibit aspartate formation. Thus, a transamination from glutamine directly to oxaloacetate was indicated. This transamination reaction may be accomplished with glutamine-2-oxoacid transaminase which is found in animal tissues and in yeast.
Human biovibrations: assessment of human life signs, motor activity, and cognitive performance using wrist-mounted actigraphy. (2005)

The application of miniature motion sensors (accelerometers) to study the macro- (gross) and micro- (barely discernible) activities associated with human motion has been termed actigraphy. In countless human sleep studies, actigraphy has mostly been applied to distinguish between when a person is asleep or awake. Use of sleep/wake information has been applied to the development of mathematical models that aim to predict aspects of cognitive performance. However, wrist-mounted actigraphy potentially has many more applications to cognitive and physical assessment beyond sleep/wake discrimination. For example, studies reveal that micro-miniature accelerometric sensors can discriminate heart rate, breathing, and life cessation (death) via actigraphically measured biovibration signals. This paper briefly reviews the development of wrist-mounted actigraphy; presents the data showing wrist-monitored ballistocardioimpulses, respirations, and life-signs signals; discusses the application of sophisticated signal processing for new clinical, operational, and cognitive-assessment-related applications; and concludes with recommendations for further research for demodulating the complex actigram signal.
Regulation of in vitro somatic embryogenesis with emphasis on to the role of endogenous hormones (2001)

Different aspects of the in vitro somatic embryogenesis regulation are reviewed in this paper.work. A description of g General aspects, such as terminology, uses, stages of development and factors associated with the somatic embryogenesis, are described. is carried out. Although a brief description ofn the effects of the addition of different plant growth regulators to the culture medium wasis given, the article is centereds itself on the effect that the endogenous hormone concentrations in the initial explants and in the tissue cultures derived from them could play oin the induction and expression of somatic embryogenesis. It is significant that few to emphasize the low amount of systematic studies have been conducted, in this subject, in which different species and hormone groups were compared in cultures with and without embryogenic capacity. Moreover, the lack of correlation between the results presented in different studies the distinct works indicates that the hormone content of the cultures is not the only factor involved.
Yield Editor 2.0: Software for Automated Removal of Yield Map Errors (2012)

Yield maps provide important information for developing and evaluating precision management strategies. The high-quality yield maps needed for decision-making require screening raw yield monitor datasets for errors and removing them before maps are made. To facilitate this process, we developed the Yield Editor interactive software which has been widely used by producers, consultants and researchers. Some of the most difficult and time consuming issues involved in cleaning yield maps include determination of combine delay times, and the removal of overlapped data, especially near end rows. Our new Yield Editor 2.0 automates these and other tasks, significantly increasing the reliability and reducing the difficulty of creating accurate yield maps. This paper describes this new software, with emphasis on the Automated Yield Cleaning Expert (AYCE) module. Application of Yield Editor 2.0 is illustrated through comparison of automated AYCE cleaning to the interactive approach available in Yield Editor 1.x. On a test set of fifty grain yield maps, AYCE cleaning was not significantly different than interactive cleaning by an expert user when examining field mean yield, yield standard deviation, and number of yield observations remaining after cleaning. Yield Editor 2.0 provides greatly improved efficiency and equivalent accuracy compared to the interactive methods available in Yield Editor 1.x.
Synthesis and reactions of some 5-hydroxypyridazinium hydroxide inner salts from 3(2H)-furanones (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactions of some 5-hydroxypyridazinium hydroxide inner salts from 3(2H)-furanonesSuzanne GelinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 17, 3053–3057Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01331a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01331a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
THE NEW HAMPSHIRE BOTTOM ASH PAVING DEMONSTRATION US ROUTE 3, LACONIA, NEW HAMPSHIRE (1994)

A two year demonstration project has been initiated where bottom ash collected from the Concord, NH waste­ to-energy facility was used as a 50% aggregate substitute in a binder course asphalt pavement in the reconstruc­ tion of US Route 3 in Laconia, NH. The demonstration pavement construction was completed in May, 1993, and was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy. The demonstration project includes significant testing of potential environmental impacts and pavement perfor­ mance both in the laboratory and at the demonstration roadway. Data being gathered include analytical data on groundwater and surface water quality impacts, surface run-off and suction lysimeter samples. Asphalt plant air emissions testing was also conducted. Physical roadway performance is being monitored through remote sensing using strain, resistance and temperature probes as well as in situ and destructive pavement analysis.
Effects of estrous cycle stage and pregnancy on follistatin gene expression and immunoreactivity in rat reproductive tissues: progesterone is implicated in regulating uterine gene expression. (1993)

Follistatin, a monomeric protein originally isolated from ovarian follicular fluid, is now believed to be a major local regulator of the multifaceted actions of activin by virtue of its activin-binding properties. In view of the ability of follistatin to stimulate progesterone production from granulosa cells and its presence in newly formed corpora lutea, the following study was conducted to determine the effects of cycle stage and pregnancy on follistatin gene expression and immunoreactivity in the rat ovary and uterus with the intent of gaining additional insights into the regulation of follistatin in these tissues. Decidua and placentas were also examined on days 15, 18, and 21 of pregnancy. Follistatin messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were quantified using a sensitive solution hybridization-RNase protection assay and values normalized to the amount of cyclophilin mRNA present in each sample. Levels of follistatin-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in serum and tissues were estimated using a homologous porcine follistatin RIA. Follistatin message levels in the ovary increased between proestrus and estrus with a return to proestrous values on both days of diestrus. In the nonpregnant uterus, mRNA levels on proestrus were similar to levels measured in uteri taken from hypophysectomized or ovariectomized rats. Interestingly, follistatin gene expression increased almost 3-fold between proestrus and estrus. An additional experiment demonstrated that this increase could be abated by treatment of proestrous rats with pentobarbital which blocks preovulatory rises in serum progesterone levels and could be restored by administration of progesterone to pentobarbital-treated proestrous rats. In pregnant rats, ovarian follistatin message levels on days 3 and 6 of pregnancy were identical to levels observed on day 2 of diestrus. However, an abrupt 4-fold increase in ovarian mRNA levels occurred between days 6 and 9 with a further 58% increase occurring by day 12. This marked increase in message levels was unaccompanied by changes in ovarian FLI levels. A precipitous decrease in transcript levels accompanied by a decline in FLI levels then followed with ovarian gene expression on days 15 through 21 being slightly higher than expression during the initial stages of gestation. Expression of the gene in the decidua and placenta did not vary between days 15 and 21 of pregnancy. Levels of FLI in serum also were invariant during the cycle and pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Infection of the intertubercular bursa in horses: four cases (1978-1991) (1996)

Partial synovectomy may be useful in the treatment of horses with infectious bicipital bursitis.