gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Some inconsistencies and misnomers in probabilistic information retrieval (1991)

Article Some inconsistencies and misnomers in probabilistic information retrieval Share on Author: William S. Cooper School of Library and Information Studies, University of California, Berkeley, California School of Library and Information Studies, University of California, Berkeley, CaliforniaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGIR '91: Proceedings of the 14th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrievalSeptember 1991 Pages 57–61https://doi.org/10.1145/122860.122866Online:01 September 1991Publication History 31citation267DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations31Total Downloads267Last 12 Months6Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Data-driven depth map refinement via multi-scale sparse representation (2015)

Depth maps captured by consumer-level depth cameras such as Kinect are usually degraded by noise, missing values, and quantization. In this paper, we present a data-driven approach for refining degraded RAWdepth maps that are coupled with an RGB image. The key idea of our approach is to take advantage of a training set of high-quality depth data and transfer its information to the RAW depth map through multi-scale dictionary learning. Utilizing a sparse representation, our method learns a dictionary of geometric primitives which captures the correlation between high-quality mesh data, RAW depth maps and RGB images. The dictionary is learned and applied in a manner that accounts for various practical issues that arise in dictionary-based depth refinement. Compared to previous approaches that only utilize the correlation between RAW depth maps and RGB images, our method produces improved depth maps without over-smoothing. Since our approach is data driven, the refinement can be targeted to a specific class of objects by employing a corresponding training set. In our experiments, we show that this leads to additional improvements in recovering depth maps of human faces.
Effect of spacer length on recovery of acid protease from raw shoyu by pepstatin-sepharose affinity chromatography. (1985)

In order to investigate the effect of the spacer in pepstatin-Sepharose on adsorption and elution of acid protease (AcP) in raw shoyu (unpasteurized soy sauce), a homologous pepstatin-aminoalkyl agarose series, (pepstatin-NH2(CH2)n-Sepharose), that varied as to the length of the hydrocarbon chains was synthesized. When raw shoyu containing many kinds of proteases was subjected to affinity chromatography on these pepstatin-Cn-Sepharoses (n=2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12), all of them adsorbed AcP. With increasing length of the spacer up to 6, more and more AcP became adsorbed onto the pepstatin-Cn-Sepharose, whereas with decreasing length of the spacer, more and more AcP was eluted with 0.05M acetate buffer (pH 3) containing 2M urea. The AcP was purified in one step from raw shoyu and did not have any carboxypeptidase activity. Some properties of the major component of the eluted AcPs were as follows: molecular weight, 6.7×104, on gel nitration with TSK-G3000SW, optimum pH for activation of trypsinogen, 3.5, optimum pH for hydrolysis of hemoglobin, 2.75, and the Ki value toward pepstatin, 1.0×10-8M.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Promotes Cell Death and Aggravates Neurologic Deficits after Experimental Stroke (2010)

Multiple mechanisms contribute to tissue demise and functional recovery after stroke. We studied the involvement of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in cell death and development of neurologic deficits after experimental stroke. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is upregulated in the brain after cerebral ischemia, and disruption of the Mif gene in mice leads to a smaller infarct volume and better sensory-motor function after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). In mice subjected to tMCAo, we found that MIF accumulates in neurons of the peri-infarct region, particularly in cortical parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Likewise, in cultured cortical neurons exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation, MIF levels increase, and inhibition of MIF by (S,R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester (ISO-1) protects against cell death. Deletion of MIF in Mif(-/-) mice does not affect interleukin-1β protein levels in the brain and serum after tMCAo. Furthermore, disruption of the Mif gene in mice does not affect CD68, but it is associated with higher galectin-3 immunoreactivity in the brain after tMCAo, suggesting that MIF affects the molecular/cellular composition of the macrophages/microglia response after experimental stroke. We conclude that MIF promotes neuronal death and aggravates neurologic deficits after experimental stroke, which implicates MIF in the pathogenesis of neuronal injury after stroke.
Dependence of optical constants of AZ BARLi bottom coating on bake conditions (1997)

The optical constants of AZ<SUP>R</SUP>BARLi<SUP>TM</SUP> bottom coat have been determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry as a function of bake conditions. Cauchy parameters are reported as a function of bake conditions for three film thicknesses, corresponding to the first three minima of the reflectivity versus AZ<SUP>R</SUP>BARLi<SUP>TM</SUP> film thickness curve. Full dispersion curves were obtained for constant spin speed and constant thickness conditions. It is found that the k dispersion curves show a slope change at 160 - 170 degrees Celsius bake temperature which is tentatively attributed to dye depletion and the formation of a graded layer in the bottom coat.
Porous Alginate-Poly(ethylene glycol) Entrapment System for the Cultivation of Mammalian Cells (1997)

A novel gel entrapment method has been developed where macropores are created within alginate beads to provide an environment for high-density growth of mammalian cells. The method takes advantage of an interaction between poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and alginate to provide a network of pores within the bead for growth while the surrounding alginate matrix retains the integrity of the bead and minimizes cell leakage. Hybridomas were grown to a density approaching 10(8) cells/mL of beads in this system, while conventional alginate restricted growth to a maximum of 2 x 10(7) cells/mL of beads. In addition, cell leakage was minimal even at high cell densities, which was not the case with the conventional alginate system. Study of the conventional system determined that cell growth was limited by the alginate matrix; increasing the alginate concentrations resulted in lower final cell densities. In contrast, the PEG-alginate system permits growth in pores so the alginate matrix serves only as a structural matrix for cells. The pore size can be varied as a function of PEG concentration (10-20 wt % PEG) to provide radially defined areas for cell growth and radial diffusion pathways for nutrients/products in the adjacent alginate matrix. Because the PEG-alginate entrapment process does not require additional chemical reactions or temperature changes, the system offers a simple alternative to attain high cell densities in an immobilized bead system. As an illustration of the concept, cells entrapped in this system were grown to high density in both batch and perfusion modes for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Using the suspension batch culture as the base case, the specific monoclonal antibody production rate increased 1.6-fold for the slower growing batch-immobilized culture and 3-fold for the immobilized perfusion culture.
Self-Organizing Hierarchical Structure for Wireless Networks (2010)

In this paper a novel self organizing structure is proposed to improve the performance of ad hoc networks in various traffic conditions. Self organization is used to avoid node failure and link failures for huge traffic conditions. A new methodology is proposed with four different traffic environments, topologies and the entire network follows the hierarchical architecture. In each case one node involved in routing named as backbone. The performance of this structure is compared with conventional dynamic source routing in network simulator (ns-2). In the simulation throughput, packet rate and delay performance of the network is analyzed.
Where Did Google Get Its Value? (2005)

Google's extraordinary success is usually attributed to innovative technology and new business models. By contrast, this paper argues that Google's success is mostly due to its adoption of certain library values. First, Google has refused to adopt the standard practices of the search engine business, practices that compromised service to the user for the sake of immediate corporate profit. Instead, Google has implemented many policies and design principles that correlate directly to established library values. Second, Google has implemented systems that replicate (or substitute for) valuable library functions. With these steps Google has introduced some traditional library practices and values to the Internet environment, and there can be little doubt that they have contributed enormously to its success.
A Local Likelihood-based Level Set Segmentation Method for Brain MR Images (2009)

Automatic segmentation of brain structures in MR images is of great importance in studying neurodegenerative disease quantitatively. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic solution to this problem through the utilization of a probabilistic atlas built from a set of training MR images. As a generalization of the Chan-Vese piecewise-constant model, our model uses Bayesian a posterior probabilities as the driving forces for curve evolution. Prior intensity distribution can be seamlessly integrated into the level set evolution procedure. Unlike other region-based active contour models, our solution relaxes the global piecewise constant assumption, and uses locally varying Gaussians to better account for intensity inhomogeneity and local variations existing in many brain MR images. Our model shows particular strength in distinguishing low contrast structures from surrounding tissues. Accurate and robust segmentation is therefore achieved. Experiments conducted on synthetic and real brain MRIs demonstrate the improvement made by our model.
Possible existence of leukotriene D<sub>4</sub>receptors and mechanism of their signal transduction in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1991)

Previous work from this laboratory has demonstrated that stimulation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) with the peptidyl leukotriene D4 (LTD4) results in the formation of second messenger signals, i.e. mobilization of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and hydrolysis of phosphoinositides (PIP2). Based on these earlier results we have employed radioligand binding techniques to study the presence of LTD4 receptors in intact human PMN leukocytes. The binding of [3H]-LTD4 to LTD4 receptors is rapid, reversible, specific and saturable. Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicates the presence of 116-275 identical receptors per neutrophil with an apparent dissociation constant (KD) of 1,1-2,3 nM. Only one class of binding sites was identified. The LTD4 receptors are located in the plasma membrane and are specific for LTD4 since binding is unaffected by other leukotrienes. Furthermore, LTD4 induces a rapid and persistent translocation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) from the cytosol to the membrane. The LTD4 binding and PKC translocation could be blocked in a concentration dependent manner by the new and specific LTD4 receptor antagonist ICI 198,615. These observations strongly suggest that human PMN might possess specific LTD4 receptors which are coupled to the inositol trisphosphate pathway resulting in a rise in the cytoplasmic free Ca2+ and redistribution of protein kinase C. A mechanism of signal transduction for leukotriene D4 is proposed.
Millimeter wave superconducting receivers (2002)

Recent work done at Berkeley on the development of millimeter-wave heterodyne mixers using superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junctions is reviewed. Two types of mixers have been developed; a conventional waveguide system using a resonant cavity and an open-structure quasioptical system using planar antennas and lenses. Using the waveguide system, the lowest mixer noise level yet obtained (within 25% of the quantum limit) at 95 GHz has been achieved. The quasioptical system has achieved a good mixer performance up to 200 GHz, and it has shown promise for use at submillimeter wavelengths.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Monte Carlo Approach for Estimating Density and Atomic Number From Dual‐Energy Computed Tomography Images of Carbonate Rocks (2017)

Abstract We develop a new Monte Carlo‐based inversion method for estimating electron density and effective atomic number from 3‐D dual‐energy computed tomography (CT) core scans. The method accounts for uncertainties in X‐ray attenuation coefficients resulting from the polychromatic nature of X‐ray beam sources of medical and industrial scanners, in addition to delivering uncertainty estimates of inversion products. Estimation of electron density and effective atomic number from CT core scans enables direct deterministic or statistical correlations with salient rock properties for improved petrophysical evaluation; this condition is specifically important in media such as vuggy carbonates where CT resolution better captures core heterogeneity that dominates fluid flow properties. Verification tests of the inversion method performed on a set of highly heterogeneous carbonate cores yield very good agreement with in situ borehole measurements of density and photoelectric factor.
Tables of the Brillouin function and of the related function for the spontaneous magnetization (1967)

The Brillouin function and the spontaneous magnetization derived from it are tabulated for spin values ½ to 7/2 in half-integral steps and for J = ∞.
A Comparative Study of the Anticonvulsant Effect of GABA Agonists on Amygdala or Hippocampal Kindled Seizures in Cats (1992)

作用機序の異なる4種類のGABA系作動薬の急性抗けいれん効果について, ネコの扁桃核および海馬を焦点としたキンドリングモデルを用いて, 系統的比較研究を行った。1) 選択的GABA受容体作動薬のprogabideは, 非中毒量において扁桃核, 海馬キンドリングの2次性全般化発作を抑制し, 中毒量では部分発作と後発射を強力に抑制した。2) GABA再取り込み阻害薬のSKF89976Aは, 扁桃核, 海馬キンドリングの発作段階を用量依存的に抑制し, 中毒量で後発射の出現を阻止したが, その際ミオクローヌス様発作と突発波が惹起された。3) GABA分解酵素阻害薬のγ-vinyl-GABA (GVG) は, 非中毒量で編桃核, 海馬キンドリングの発作段階のみを投与後4ないし24時間で用量依存的に抑制し, 特に2次性全般化を阻止した。4) 選択的GABA-B受容体作動薬のbadofenは, 扁桃核キンドリング発作に対し抗けいれん効果を認めなかった。以上の結果から, 中枢神経系のGABA-A受容体に関連した抑制機構を強化する薬物は, 辺縁系発作と2次性全般化のコントロールに有効であることが結論された。
Radio transmission interface of the digital panEuropean mobile system (2003)

The author describes the radio interface format of the cellular pan-European public mobile communications system in the 900-MHz band. This format was selected after comparing experimental hardware based on different radio access techniques as well as different modulation and coding schemes. A description of the radio interface specification is also presented, together with the expected performance in terms of frequency reuse. Hardware results from measurements of a validation system built in France according to this specification are also presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical Properties of Annealed Tin(II) Oxide in Different Ambients (1993)

Tin (II) oxide powder is coated at room temperature onto transparent glass substrates by direct thermal evaporation. The films have high transparency (more than 80%) in the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. In the region between 300 and 1300 nm interference fringes are sharp and well defined. The interference fringes are used to calculate the thickness of the amorphous as-prepared film (≈ 722 nm) and the refractive index is found to be 1.84 at 700 nm. The absorption coefficient of this film ≈ 6 × 10−3 cm−1 at 355 nm. The thickness of the film thus measured was compared with results obtained from the Tolansky method. The optical band gap calculated from the simple power law was found to be 3.3 eV. The films are annealed in either O2 or N2 atmosphere for 1 h at various temperatures between 250 and 400 °C. It is found that the film is quite stable until about 400 °C, beyond which the optical band gap reduces to 2.7 eV (in N2 atmosphere) and increases to 3.4 eV (in O2 atmosphere). At higher temperature the films annealed in nitrogen ambient do not show the interference fringes, whereas in the oxygen atmosphere the interference fringes are still observed.
Epitaxial Growth of Two-Dimensional Layered Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides: Growth Mechanism, Controllability, and Scalability (2017)

Recently there have been many research breakthroughs in two-dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, boron nitride (h-BN), black phosphors (BPs), and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The unique electrical, optical, and thermal properties in 2D materials are associated with their strictly defined low dimensionalities. These materials provide a wide range of basic building blocks for next-generation electronics. The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique has shown great promise to generate high-quality TMDC layers with scalable size, controllable thickness, and excellent electronic properties suitable for both technological applications and fundamental sciences. The capability to precisely engineer 2D materials by chemical approaches has also given rise to fascinating new physics, which could lead to exciting new applications. In this Review, we introduce the latest development of TMDC synthesis by CVD approaches and provide further insight for the controllable and reliable synthesis of atomically thin TMDCs. Understanding of the vapor-phase growth mechanism of 2D TMDCs could benefit the formation of complicated heterostructures and novel artificial 2D lattices.
Taxonomic Status of Kitasatosporia, and Proposed Unification with Streptomyces on the Basis of Phenotypic and 16S rRNA Analysis and Emendation of Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943, 339AL (1992)

Species classified within the genus Kitasatosporia share many of the phenotypic characteristics typical of streptomycetes. By using a probabilistic identification scheme, they were identified with Streptomyces exfoliatus cluster 5, a species group within Streptomyces. The four species studied hybridized with a 16S rRNA genus probe for Streptomyces spp., indicating a close relationship between the two genera. The kitasatosporias were resistant to selected polyvalent streptomycete phages tested. Quantitative analysis showed that meso-diaminopimelic acid varied from 49 to 89% in Kitasatosporia species and from 1 to 16% in Streptomyces species depending on growth conditions. On the basis of 16S rRNA analysis, it is proposed to reduce Kitasatosporia to synonymy with Streptomyces. As a result, the new names proposed are Streptomyces mediocidicus comb. nov., Streptomyces phosalacineus comb. nov., Streptomyces setae comb. nov., and Streptomyces griseolosporeus comb. nov., nom. nov.
Perifosine, a novel alkylphospholipid, induces p21(WAF1) expression in squamous carcinoma cells through a p53-independent pathway, leading to loss in cyclin-dependent kinase activity and cell cycle arrest. (2002)

Alkylphospholipids (ALKs) are a novel class of antineoplastic compounds that display potent antiproliferative activity against several in vitro and in vivo human tumor models. However, the mechanism by which these agents exert this desired effect is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of perifosine, a p.o.-bioavailable ALK, on the cell cycle kinetics of immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) as well as head and neck squamous carcinoma cells. All cells were sensitive to the antiproliferative properties of perifosine with an IC(50) of similar0.6-8.9 microM. Cell cycle arrest at the G(1)-S and G(2)-M boundaries was observed in HN12, HN30, and HaCaT cells independent of p53 function, and this effect was preceded by loss in cdc2 and cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 2 activity. Analysis of cdk complexes in vitro demonstrated that perifosine, up to 20 microM, did not directly interfere with these enzymes. However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity. HCT116 isogenic cell lines were used to assess the role of p21(WAF1) induction by perifosine. This compound (20 microM) induced both G(1)-S and G(2)-M cell cycle arrest, together with p21(WAF1) expression in both p53 wild-type and p53(-/-) clones. By contrast, p21(-/-) variants demonstrated no p21(WAF1) induction or cell cycle arrest. Similar results were obtained with other ALK congeners (miltefosine and edelfosine). These data, therefore, indicate that perifosine blocks cell cycle progression of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells at G(1)-S and G(2)-M by inducing p21(WAF1), irrespective of p53 function, and may be exploited clinically because the majority of human malignancies harbor p53 mutations.
Effect of macro-bending on dispersion of dispersioncompensating fibres (1999)

Using direct measurement the effect of macro-bending on the dispersion in dispersion compensating fibres was investigated. It was shown that even a relatively large bend radius of ~10 cm can modify the fibre dispersion in the range 1500–1600 nm.
Mouse ES and iPS cells can form similar definitive endoderm despite differences in imprinted genes (2011)

The directed differentiation of iPS and ES cells into definitive endoderm (DE) would allow the derivation of otherwise inaccessible progenitors for endodermal tissues. However, a global comparison of the relative equivalency of DE derived from iPS and ES populations has not been performed. Recent reports of molecular differences between iPS and ES cells have raised uncertainty as to whether iPS cells could generate autologous endodermal lineages in vitro. Here, we show that both mouse iPS and parental ES cells exhibited highly similar in vitro capacity to undergo directed differentiation into DE progenitors. With few exceptions, both cell types displayed similar surges in gene expression of specific master transcriptional regulators and global transcriptomes that define the developmental milestones of DE differentiation. Microarray analysis showed considerable overlap between the genetic programs of DE derived from ES/iPS cells in vitro and authentic DE from mouse embryos in vivo. Intriguingly, iPS cells exhibited aberrant silencing of imprinted genes known to participate in endoderm differentiation, yet retained a robust ability to differentiate into DE. Our results show that, despite some molecular differences, iPS cells can be efficiently differentiated into DE precursors, reinforcing their potential for development of cell-based therapies for diseased endoderm-derived tissues.
The Importance of the Sense of Touch in Virtual and Real Environments (2006)

What would be worse, losing your sight or your sense of touch? Although touch (more generally, somesthesis) is commonly underrated, major somesthetic loss can't be adequately compensated for by sight. It results in catastrophic impairments of hand dexterity, haptic capabilities, walking, perception of limb position, and so on. Providing users with inadequate somesthetic feedback in virtual environments might impair their performance, just as major somesthetic loss does