gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Permutation on the mesh with reconfigurable bus: algorithms and practical considerations (2002)

Permutation is a common problem in both computation and communication. The authors add the buses to the mesh-connected multiprocessors and introduce the tokens to control the buses. They propose to use the mesh with segmented reconfigurable bus to increase performance of data routing. Segmented reconfigurable bus can not only use the bus-token more efficiently than the traditional bus, but also reduce interconnection delay. The authors choose the segment length to balance latency and throughput of the system to get better performance. In the simulation, the mesh with segmented reconfigurable bus can finish N*N permutation in .6065 N steps in average.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of the impact of melatonin on chronic ethanol‐induced learning and memory impairment between young and aged rats (2005)

Chronic alcohol exposure causes functional and structural changes in nervous system which have all been associated with learning and memory impairments. Furthermore, alcohol consumption has been shown to alter the pattern of neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) which are involved in memory processes. In the current work, we investigated the effects of melatonin on learning and memory deficits induced by alcohol exposure in young and aged rats. A group of young rats (3 months old) were administered ethanol for 45 days and half of them were co-treated with melatonin. Similar treatments were performed in the aged (19 months old) rats. Morris water maze test and passive avoidance task were used to assess cognitive performance. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined to characterize the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus and cortex. NCAM levels were determined by Western blotting in the hippocampal homogenates. There was a significant elevation in LPO levels and a reduction in GSH levels in aged and alcohol-exposed rats. Furthermore, both young and aged rats displayed some cognitive impairment when given with alcohol for 45 days. Co-administration of melatonin with ethanol significantly reduced LPO and elevated GSH levels while improving the learning and memory deficits induced by ethanol; the aged rats exhibited a greater response to melatonin supplementation. Moreover, melatonin modulated NCAM expression in hippocampus. Present findings indicate that exposure to ethanol induces learning and memory deficits probably by generating reactive oxygen species and downregulating NCAM 180 in hippocampus of aged rats. Melatonin improves learning and memory deficits and the behavioral responses of rats to melatonin supplementation are age dependent.
Constant-output-frequency, octave tuning range backward-wave parametric amplifier (1961)

This paper describes a varactor diode backward-wave parametric amplifier (BWPA) which operates in a new mode that yields a constant-output frequency as the amplification frequency is electronically turned over an octave signal tuning range. A theoretical discussion on the design considerations is presented and applied to the construction of an LF model (1.5-3.3 Mc). Experimental data on the important amplifier characteristics are given and shown to correlate well with theory. The amplifier yields stable gains in excess of 20 db over a greater-than-octave tuning range, and the output frequency (which is taken at the idler) has less than a ± 1.6 per cent variation over the octave band. The over-all effective receiver input-noise temperatures were measured and agreed well with theory, being about 160°K at the LF end of the band and increasing to 300°K at the HF end.
Stress and the Erectile Response to Intracavernosal Prostaglandin E (1) in Men With Erectile Dysfunction (1995)

The erectile response to intracavernosal injection (ICI) of smooth muscle relaxants is often impaired in men with presumed psychogenic erectile dysfunction. This study tests the hypothesis that such impairment results from stress-related increase in circulating norepinephrine (NE). Fifty-nine men with erectile dysfunction had their nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) monitored over 2 nights, and ICI of 10 micrograms prostaglandin E1 was given on the second morning. Psychometric and neuroendocrine measures of stress, including plasma and urinary catecholamines, were taken on both mornings. Inhibition of the ICI response was determined by the difference between NPT and ICI responses, and two groups of "high inhibition" and "low inhibition" men were compared. The high inhibition group showed higher "Trait" and "State" anxiety and a neuroendocrine profile of higher initial cortisol and lower plasma catecholamine levels than the low inhibition group. These differences were evident on both mornings and hence were not specifically related to the ICI. There was no support for the hypothesis that inhibition of response to ICI results from increased circulating NE, though the possibility that increased NE release occurred specifically in the erectile tissues could not be excluded.
Cartducin, a paralog of Acrp30/adiponectin, is induced during chondrogenic differentiation and promotes proliferation of chondrogenic precursors and chondrocytes (2005)

We previously reported that CORS26 gene, isolated from C3H10T1/2 cells treated with transforming growth factor-beta1, was predominantly expressed in cartilage. Because the gene product is a kind of secretory protein produced by cartilage tissue, we named it "cartducin". Cartducin shares a similar modular organization to adipocyte-derived hormone, adiponectin. In this study, we investigated cartducin function during chondrogenesis and cartilage development. In situ hybridization analysis showed that cartducin transcripts were restricted to the proliferating chondrocytes in the growth plate cartilage. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed that the first significant induction of cartducin expression occurred in the sclerotome, which contains a chondrogenic cell lineage between days 9.5 and 10.5 postcoitus (p.c.) during mouse embryogenesis. Chondrogenic differentiation by combined treatment with bone morphogenetic protein-2 and insulin induced cartducin expression along with type II and IX collagen expression in chondrogenic progenitor N1511 cells. To elucidate the direct action of cartducin on the cells, recombinant cartducin protein was expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. The recombinant cartducin potentially forms homo-oligomers and promoted the proliferation of chondrogenic progenitor N1511 cells, and chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, cartducin did not affect the production of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) in these cells. These findings indicate that cartducin is a novel growth factor and plays important roles in regulating both chondrogenesis and cartilage development by its direct stimulatory action on the proliferation of chondrogenic precursors and chondrocytes.
Exploiting Vulnerabilities and Security Mechanisms in Internet based SMS capable Cellular network (2007)

Cellular networks are a very demandable component of the economic and social infrastructures in which we live. To give various latest technology services Telecommunication companies offer connections between their networks and the Internet. The Next generation Network (NGN) will be associated with the Internet. This leads to the cellular networks become more vulnerable because of some security holes. SMS capable cellular networks can be attacked by means of Spam, Spyware, Phishing, Viruses. Several prevention mechanisms can be applied but not adequate. In this paper these vulnerabilities are exploited and some mechanisms are proposed to alleviate the threats. It's a big challenge to handle these attacks as cellular network is becoming essential for the people.
Antithrombotic Activity of NSP-513, a Novel Selective Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitor, on Femoral Arterial Thrombosis Induced by Physical Stenosis and Electrical Current: Comparison of Antithrombotic and Hemodynamic Effects (2000)

NSP-513, a novel potent and selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE 3) inhibitor, and cilostazol, a previously developed PDE 3 inhibitor, were compared with respect to antiplatelet, antithrombotic, and hemodynamic effects. In the in vitro antiplatelet aggregation studies, NSP-513 and cilostazol inhibited collagen-induced canine platelet aggregation with median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.093 and 3.1 miccroM, respectively, and inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced canine platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 0.15 and 12 microM, respectively. For ADP-induced platelet aggregation, the presence of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1; 3 and 10 nM) further decreased the IC50 values for NSP-513 to 0.11 and 0.032 microM, respectively. In ex vivo antiplatelet aggregation studies, orally administered NSP-513 (0.03-1 mg/kg) and cilostazol (50 mg/kg) inhibited collagen-induced canine platelet aggregation. In an in vivo canine femoral arterial thrombosis model, intraduodenally administered NSP-513 (0.01-0.03 mg/ kg) dose-dependently prevented thrombus formation without any changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or bleeding time. In conscious dogs, NSP-513 at oral doses of > or =0.3 mg/kg produced hemodynamic changes such as decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate and LVdP/dt(max). Thus the minimal hemodynamically effective dose of NSP-513 was 0.3 mg/kg, and the hemodynamic effects of this dose were comparable to those of 50 mg/kg of cilostazol. In conclusion, these data suggest that NSP-513 has in vivo selectivity for antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities over hemodynamic activity, and that the selectivity of NSP-513 is higher than that of cilostazol in dogs.
Bromelain Induces the Differentiation of Leukemic Cells<i>in Vitro</i>: An Explanation for its Cytostatic Effects? (1988)

Bromelain is a mixture of proteases and other not yet identified enzymes isolated from pineapple stems and fruits and has been used for centuries against inflammatory diseases, burns, thrombophlebitis, edema, etc. More recently its antineoplastic activity has attracted interest, and various explanations for its mode of action have been proposed. Here we report that Bromelain is capable of inducing the differentiation of 3 leukemic cell lines in vitro. In M 1-T 22 cells, a myeloid mouse leukemia, Bromelain induces monocytic morphology, phagocytosis, and lysozyme activity; it inhibits cell growth concomit-antly. When Bromelain is pretreated either with heat or protease inhibitors, these effects are partially abolished. Similarily, in HL-60 cells, a human promyelocytic leukemia, Bromelain also induces monocytic morphology, non-specific esterase activity, and NBT reduction; it inhibits cell growth. Finally, K 562 cells, a human leukemia able to differentiate into the erythroid lineage, show hemoglobin-positive cells following exposure to Bromelain at relatively low concentrations.
DNA in psoriatic epidermis. (1979)

An electron microscopic technique has been used to visualize crosslinks after total denaturation on DNA isolated from epidermis and dermis in patients with psoriasis treated with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and irradiation with ultraviolet light at 360 nm (PUVA treatment). This technique facilitated accurate measurements of the number and density of DNA interstrand crosslinks. 30 biopsies from 14 patients were studied and a total of 9503 DNA molecules were scored in the electron-microscope, 6 patients were treated topically with 8-MOP and 10 were on systemic treatment. Two of the patients on topical treatment had previously been on systemic treatment. 1% of all DNA molecules contained 3 or more cross-links. The overall frequency of cross-links was almost identical in the epidermis (1.1%) and in the dermis (0.9%) and, furthermore, virtually the same in patients on topical and systemic PUVA treatment. The total number of crosslinks was of the same magnitude as that previously found in normal human skin. (V. Bohr et al., Acta Dermatovener, in press.) No significantly increased damage of the genetic material (DNA) was demonstrated in our study as a consequence of the PUVA treatment using 8-MOP. We have previously shown (V. Bohr & A. Lerche, Biochim Biophys Acta, in press) that 8-MOP induced crosslinks after irradiation at 360 nm in an in vitro system of pure DNA. In this system a correlation was established between the density of crosslinks formed and irradiation time, concentration of 8-MOP, and irradiation intensity.
Unclogging I.V.s (1980)

Instructor, Nursing Staff Development, University of Wisconsin, Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wis.
Experience of double filtration plasmapheresis in the treatment of Guillain-Barr� syndrome (1999)

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a standard treatment in Guillain-Barré syndrome. TPE may require exogenous fluid for replacement of plasma and, depending on the equipment used, varying extracorporeal volumes. Potential adverse effects include allergic reaction, infection, and hypotension. From September 1993 to December 1997, we treated 16 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome by a newly developed method of automated double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP). Patients (ten males and six females, age ranged from 16 to 73) suffering from acute ascending motor weakness and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for GBS were chosen for DFPP. Each patient received at least five sessions of apheresis in 7 to 10 days and approximately 2.5 to 3.0 L of plasma was treated in each session. Patients were evaluated by disability grade according to a Hughes scale. The mean grade of disability was 3.62 at treatment and improved to 2.37 four weeks after the start of DFPP. The median time to grade 2 (walk without support) was 19 days. There were five patients (41.6%) in need of respirator support. The median time to weaning off the respirator was 9 days. Only two patients (12.5%) could not reach grade 2 at the end of 6 months. Our results were comparable to previously published results of TPE. We conclude that DFPP may be as effective as TPE in the treatment of GBS.
Fast needle insertion to minimize tissue deformation and damage (2009)

During needle-based procedures, transitions between tissue layers often involve puncture events that produce substantial deformation and tend to drive the needle off course. In this paper, we analyze the mechanics of these rupture events corresponding to unstable crack propagation during the insertion of a sharp needle in an inhomogeneous tissue. The force-deflection curve of the needle prior to a rupture event is modeled by a nonlinear viscoelastic Kelvin model and a stress analysis is used to predict the relationship between rupture force and needle velocity. The model predicts that the force-deflection response of the needle is steeper and the tissue absorbs less energy when the needle moves faster. The force of rupture also decreases for faster insertion under certain conditions. The observed properties are sufficient to show that maximizing needle velocity minimizes tissue deformation and damage, and consequently, results in less needle insertion position error. The model predicts that tissue deformation and absorbed energy asymptotically approach lower bounds as velocity increases. Experiments with porcine cardiac tissue confirm the analytical predictions.
Optical Method for Absolute Velocity Calibration of Mössbauer Spectrometers (1965)

The variable ``moiré pattern,'' formed when a 1:1 image of an 8 μ grating connected to a Mössbauer drive is reflected back onto itself, is utilized to measure the instantaneous velocity of the drive. A photodiode converts the intensity modulated light from the pattern into an electrical signal. From this signal pulses are derived that correspond to shifts of the grating by multiples of 2 μ. These pulses can be applied to a multichannel analyzer used as a part of the Mössbauer spectrometer and thus yield a velocity calibration spectrum. Instantaneous velocities can be measured with accuracies down to about 1 μ/sec.
Antibodies and reactive T cells against the malaria heat-shock protein Pf72/Hsp70-1 and derived peptides in individuals continuously exposed to Plasmodium falciparum (1992)

Pf72/Hsp70-1, a heat-shock protein of m.w. 72 kDa from Plasmodium falciparum is one of the Ag of interest to be included in a polyvalent vaccine against malaria. It is one of the major immunogens present in a fraction of purified blood stage parasites that elicited protection against experimental infection of Saimiri monkeys with blood stages of P. falciparum. It is present at all blood stages and one of its B cell epitopes is also detected on the surface of the infected hepatocyte. Moreover, Pf72 appears to be well conserved among different isolates of P. falciparum. We have examined the immune response against Pf72/Hsp70-1 in individuals from different age groups living in a holoendemic area (West Africa). The immune response against the native Ag (purified from schizonts and called Pf/Hsp70) was analyzed both at the humoral level by ELISA and at the cellular level by assessing in vitro proliferation and IFN-gamma production of PBMC. Of the individuals studied 52% had a statistically significant level of anti-Pf/Hsp70 antibodies as compared with unexposed individuals. These positive individuals showed a heterogeneous distribution because significant levels of antibodies were found in 70% of the adults but in only 26% of the children. The presence of Pf/Hsp70-specific reactive T cells in the blood was detected in 32% of the individuals. The total anti-Pf/Hsp70 antibody level (IgG+IgM) appeared strongly age related and correlated positively with parasite exposure, whereas the T cell response failed to correlate either with the antibody level or with age. Moreover, PBMC of donors responded to the Pf/Hsp70 in a dissociated way, namely, by either T cell proliferation or IFN-gamma production. Ten synthetic peptides based on sequences found in the C-terminal part of Pf72/Hsp70-1 were further tested as potential T cell epitopes. The proliferative response of PBMC from individuals continuously exposed to the parasite showed that three peptides more frequently trigger significant T cell proliferation (in 21% to 27% of the individuals) and three others less frequently (10%). None of these peptides allowed detection of reactive T cells in PBMC of Europeans with no previous exposure to malaria. Some of the stimulating peptides are highly similar to human heat-shock Hsc and Hsp70 with large stretches of identical amino acids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Differential effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and bone morphogenetic proteins in cultured rat osteogenic sarcoma and mink lung epithelial cells. (1994)

The effects of porcine bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) on DNA and collagen synthesis in cultured rat osteogenic sarcoma cells and mink lung epithelial cells were studied and compared with the effects induced by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). In both cells, DNA synthesis was slightly but significantly increased by BMP whereas it was notably decreased by TGF-beta 1. The inhibitory action of TGF-beta 1 overrode the activation of DNA synthesis by BMP when the cells were incubated together with TGF-beta 1 and BMP. In osteogenic sarcoma cells, collagen synthesis was enhanced by both BMP and TGF-beta 1, but the stimulatory action of BMP was weaker than that of TGF-beta 1. In epithelial cells, TGF-beta 1 increased collagen synthesis but BMP induced no significant changes. No synergistic effects of TGF-beta 1 and BMP on collagen synthesis were observed in both cells. The present study demonstrates the possibility of direct actions of BMP and TGF-beta 1 on cultured rat osteogenic sarcoma cells and mink lung epithelial cells in vitro.
Selection of Data Structures (1976)

Whenever we pick one representation of data over another, we need to have reasons why we consider that representation to be superior (or at least not inferior) to the other representation for the given purpose. The most common considerations used in such decisions involve the amount of storage space (working set size in a virtual memory) occupied by the data structures, and the execution time (cpu time) necessary for performing all the access and updates to the data structures. Also involved are the programming costs (original design and debugging) of implementing the representation. In this system we are totally ignoring these latter costs, because all the representations which are candidates for selection are fixed in advance, and we have already programmed and debugged the library of their implementation.
Precise Immunodetection of PTEN Protein in Human Neoplasia (2019)

PTEN is a major tumor-suppressor protein whose expression and biological activity are frequently diminished in sporadic or inherited cancers. <i>PTEN</i> gene deletion or loss-of-function mutations favor tumor cell growth and are commonly found in clinical practice. In addition, diminished PTEN protein expression is also frequently observed in tumor samples from cancer patients in the absence of <i>PTEN</i> gene alterations. This makes PTEN protein levels a potential biomarker parameter in clinical oncology, which can guide therapeutic decisions. The specific detection of PTEN protein can be achieved by using highly defined anti-PTEN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), characterized with precision in terms of sensitivity for the detection technique, specificity for PTEN binding, and constraints of epitope recognition. This is especially relevant taking into consideration that PTEN is highly targeted by mutations and posttranslational modifications, and different PTEN protein isoforms exist. The precise characterization of anti-PTEN mAb reactivity is an important step in the validation of these reagents as diagnostic and prognostic tools in clinical oncology, including their routine use in analytical immunohistochemistry (IHC). Here, we review the current status on the use of well-defined anti-PTEN mAbs for PTEN immunodetection in the clinical context and discuss their potential usefulness and limitations for a more precise cancer diagnosis and patient benefit.
Balanced photoreceivers for analog and digital fiber optic communications (Invited Paper) (2005)

We have developed 10, 20, 30, and 40 Gb bandwidth balanced photoreceivers which have applications for both analog and digital fiber optic communications. The devices can operate at C and L optical bands as well as 1064 nm and 1310 nm wavelengths. The analog applications include low noise RF photonic links. The digital applications include 10 Gb and 40 Gb DPSK and DQPSK modulation formats for enhanced sensitivities. The advantages of balanced photoreceivers are: RIN noise cancellation, suppression of even order harmonics, doubling the optical power handling capacity of a photonic link, and better reliability.
A CCIR-based prediction model for Earth-Space propagation (1991)

At present there is no single 'best way' to predict propagation impairments to an Earth-Space path. However, there is an internationally accepted way, namely that given in the most recent version of CCIR Report 564 of Study Group 5. This paper treats a computer code conforming as far as possible to Report 564. It was prepared for an IBM PS/2 using a 386 chip and for Macintosh SE or Mach II. It is designed to be easy to write and read, easy to modify, fast, have strong graphic capability, contain adequate functions, have dialog capability and windows capability. Computer languages considered included the following: (1) Turbo BASIC, (2) Turbo PASCAL, (3) FORTRAN, (4) SMALL TALK, (5) C++, (6) MS SPREADSHEET, (7) MS Excel-Macro, (8) SIMSCRIPT II.5, and (9) WINGZ.