gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of interfollicular and hair follicle derived cells as targets for the v-<i>ras</i><sup>Ha</sup> oncogene in mouse skin carcinogenesis (1991)

Methods to isolate and culture intact mouse hair follicles and interfollicular epidermal cells provide a model to test the potential of each to form tumors as a consequence of rasHa gene activation and to determine the risk for progression in the resultant tumors. The v-rasHa oncogene was introduced into intact or dissociated hair follicle cells or interfollicular epidermal cells from newborn mouse skin via a defective retroviral vector. Either immediately after infection or after an additional 6 days of culture, the v-rasHa cells were transferred to nude mice as a skin graft. Both cell populations formed squamous papillomas which were indistinguishable based on morphology and immunocytochemistry. All papillomas expressed epidermal specific markers whether derived from hair follicle or interfollicular cells, and many regressed. After 16 weeks in vivo, 20-30% of the benign skin tumors in all groups converted to malignancy. In addition to papillomas, hair follicle derived populations produced hemangiomas in many animals. None of the groups formed basal cell carcinomas, keratoacanthomas or tumors with characteristics of differentiating hair follicle cells. These studies indicate that ras gene activation can contribute to benign squamous neoplasia originating from several skin-derived cell types. The underlying factors which determine the variable risk for neoplastic progression of skin papillomas after ras gene activation is not simply the origin of the tumor cell from hair follicle or interfollicular epidermis. The activated ras oncogene can also transform skin endothelial cells but does not appear to directly contribute to transformation of the more differentiated cells of the hair follicle.
Octreotide Inhibits the Meal–Induced Increases in the Portal Venous Pressure of Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Hypertension: A Double–Blind, Placebo–Controlled Study (1992)

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the long-acting somatostatin analog, octreotide, on portal venous pressure and collateral blood flow in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension during fasting and postprandial states. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we investigated the effects of octreotide on the hepatic venous pressures and azygos blood flow of 21 patients before and after a standard liquid meal containing 40 gm of protein in 250 ml. Octreotide significantly reduced azygos blood flow from a mean of 499 +/- 65 ml/min to a mean of 355 +/- 47 ml/min (p < 0.01), but it had no effect on the hepatic venous pressure gradient. The hepatic venous pressure gradient of patients in the placebo group increased significantly, from a fasting mean of 16.4 +/- 1.6 mm Hg to a mean of 20.0 +/- 1.7 mm Hg 30 min after the meal (p < 0.01). In a second protocol hepatic venous pressures were measured in 20 patients at 30-min intervals for 2 hr after ingestion of the mixed meal. Again the placebo group showed a significant increase in the hepatic venous pressure gradient 30 min after the meal (20.4 +/- 1.5 mm Hg vs. 18.2 +/- 1.2 mm Hg; p < 0.05), but the group receiving octreotide showed no significant changes during the 2 hr of observation. We conclude that octreotide significantly reduces azygos blood flow, with little effect on portal venous pressure, and that it appears to inhibit postprandial increases in portal pressure in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.
Novel key management for 3G end-to-end encryption (2009)

People increasingly depend on the mobile communication networks, specially the third generation of mobile communication network (3G), to transmit data with one another. Although 3G networks implement data confidentiality and integrity within network components, but don't offer user's end-to-end confidentiality and integrity. End-to-end encryption could improve these vulnerabilities, and facilitates many security applications. The linchpin of end-to-end encryption is how to efficiently manage every key. A novel key management scheme is presented in this paper, fully using the speciality of 3G, which bases on three-party Diffie-Hellman key negotiation algorithm. It almost needs no modifications of the structure of 3G except that new software is added. Because the scheme needs no extra shared secret, it reduces the key storage of User Equipments (UE) and Authentication Centre to O(1). In addition, the troubles of the preassignment of shared secret and key update are omitted, and the mutual authentication and the lawful interception are provided.
The Roles of 5G Mobile Broadband in the Development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud and SDN (2016)

The fast technology development of 5G mobile broadband (5G), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics (Big Data), Cloud Computing (Cloud) and Software Defined Networks (SDN) has made those technologies one after another and created strong interdependence among one another. For example, IoT applications that generate small data with large volume and fast velocity will need 5G with characteristics of high data rate and low latency to transmit such data faster and cheaper. On the other hand, those data also need Cloud to process and to store and furthermore, SDN to provide scalable network infrastructure to transport this large volume of data in an optimal way. This article explores the technical relationships among the development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud, and SDN in the coming 5G era and illustrates several ongoing programs and applications at National Chiao Tung University that are based on the converging of those technologies.
On a remarkable bacteriolytic element found in tissues and secretions (1922)

Abstract In this communication I wish to draw attention to a substance present in the tissues and secretions of the body, which is capable of rapidly dissolving certain bacteria. As this substance has properties akin to those of ferments I have called it a “Lysozyme,” and shall refer to it by this name throughout the communication. The lysozyme was first noticed during some investigations made on a patient suffering from acute coryza. The nasal secretion of this patient was cultivated daily on blood agar plates, and for the first three days of the infection there was no growth, with the exception of an occasional staphylococcus colony. The culture made from the nasal mucus on the fourth day showed in 24 hours a large number of small colonies which, on examination, proved to be large gram-positive cocci arranged irregularly but with a tendency to diplococcal and tetrad formation. It is necessary to give here a very brief description of this microbe as with it most of the experiments described below were done, and it was with it that the phenomena to be described were best manifested. The microbe has not been exactly identified, but for purposes of this communication it may be alluded to as the Micrococcus lysodeikticus.
Fault-tolerance in Delta-4 (1991)

article Fault-tolerance in Delta-4 Share on Authors: David Powell LAAS-CNRS, 7 Avenue du Colonel Roche, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France LAAS-CNRS, 7 Avenue du Colonel Roche, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, FranceView Profile , Marc Chérèque Rull S.A., 1 rue de Provence, 38432 Echirolles, France Rull S.A., 1 rue de Provence, 38432 Echirolles, FranceView Profile , David Drackley Ferranti Computers Systems Ltd., Simonsway, Wythenshawe, Manchester M22 5LA, England Ferranti Computers Systems Ltd., Simonsway, Wythenshawe, Manchester M22 5LA, EnglandView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems ReviewVolume 25Issue 2April 1991 pp 122–125https://doi.org/10.1145/122120.122137Online:01 April 1991Publication History 28citation228DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations28Total Downloads228Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Efficient Modulation of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors by Piperine Derivatives (2014)

Piperine activates TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 receptor) receptors and modulates γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAAR). We have synthesized a library of 76 piperine analogues and analyzed their effects on GABAAR by means of a two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. GABAAR were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) were established to identify structural elements essential for efficiency and potency. Efficiency of piperine derivatives was significantly increased by exchanging the piperidine moiety with either N,N-dipropyl, N,N-diisopropyl, N,N-dibutyl, p-methylpiperidine, or N,N-bis(trifluoroethyl) groups. Potency was enhanced by replacing the piperidine moiety by N,N-dibutyl, N,N-diisobutyl, or N,N-bistrifluoroethyl groups. Linker modifications did not substantially enhance the effect on GABAAR. Compound 23 [(2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N,N-dipropyl-2,4-pentadienamide] induced the strongest modulation of GABAA (maximal GABA-induced chloride current modulation (IGABA-max = 1673% ± 146%, EC50 = 51.7 ± 9.5 μM), while 25 [(2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N,N-dibutyl-2,4-pentadienamide] displayed the highest potency (EC50 = 13.8 ± 1.8 μM, IGABA-max = 760% ± 47%). Compound 23 induced significantly stronger anxiolysis in mice than piperine and thus may serve as a starting point for developing novel GABAAR modulators.
Security challenges in UAV development (2008)

The expanded development and diverse mission operations of unmanned air vehicles (UAV) have exposed information security (INFOSEC) and communication security (COMSEC) concerns that are not easily addressed in traditional federated or currently deployed integrated modular avionics (IMA) systems. The need to operate military UAVs in civil airspace communicating over unclassified links to foreign air traffic control systems and keep sensitive and/or classified information separated without increasing space, weight and power (SWaP) poses challenges to UAV systems architecture. In this paper the MILS (multiple independent levels of security) software architecture will be discussed in relation to how it can fulfill these disparate UAV system design requirements.
Channel Identification Machines (2012)

We present a formal methodology for identifying a channel in a system consisting of a communication channel in cascade with an asynchronous sampler. The channel is modeled as a multidimensional filter, while models of asynchronous samplers are taken from neuroscience and communications and include integrate-and-fire neurons, asynchronous sigma/delta modulators and general oscillators in cascade with zero-crossing detectors. We devise channel identification algorithms that recover a projection of the filter(s) onto a space of input signals loss-free for both scalar and vector-valued test signals. The test signals are modeled as elements of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) with a Dirichlet kernel. Under appropriate limiting conditions on the bandwidth and the order of the test signal space, the filter projection converges to the impulse response of the filter. We show that our results hold for a wide class of RKHSs, including the space of finite-energy bandlimited signals. We also extend our channel identification results to noisy circuits.
Sparing the region of the salivary gland containing stem cells preserves saliva production after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (2015)

Each year, 500,000 patients are treated with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, resulting in relatively high survival rates. However, in 40% of patients, quality of life is severely compromised because of radiation-induced impairment of salivary gland function and consequent xerostomia (dry mouth). New radiation treatment technologies enable sparing of parts of the salivary glands. We have determined the parts of the major salivary gland, the parotid gland, that need to be spared to ensure that the gland continues to produce saliva after irradiation treatment. In mice, rats, and humans, we showed that stem and progenitor cells reside in the region of the parotid gland containing the major ducts. We demonstrated in rats that inclusion of the ducts in the radiation field led to loss of regenerative capacity, resulting in long-term gland dysfunction with reduced saliva production. Then we showed in a cohort of patients with head and neck cancer that the radiation dose to the region of the salivary gland containing the stem/progenitor cells predicted the function of the salivary glands one year after radiotherapy. Finally, we showed that this region of the salivary gland could be spared during radiotherapy, thus reducing the risk of post-radiotherapy xerostomia.
Quantitative rainbow schlieren deflectometry (1995)

In the rainbow schlieren apparatus, a continuously graded rainbow filter is placed in the back focal plane of the decollimating lens. Refractive-index gradients in the test section thus appear as gradations in huerather than irradiance. Asimple system is described wherein a conventional color CCD array and video digitizer are used to quantify accurately the color attributes of the resulting image, and hence the associated ray deflections. The present system provides a sensitivity comparable with that of conventional interferometry, while being simpler to implement and less sensitive to mechanical misalignment.
Clinical review: The impact of noise on patients' sleep and the effectiveness of noise reduction strategies in intensive care units (2009)

Excessive noise is becoming a significant problem for intensive care units (ICUs). This paper first reviews the impact of noise on patients' sleep in ICUs. Five previous studies have demonstrated such impacts, whereas six other studies have shown other factors to be more important. Staff conversation and alarms are generally regarded as the most disturbing noises for patients' sleep in ICUs. Most research in this area has focused purely on noise level, but work has been very limited on the relationships between sleep quality and other acoustic parameters, including spectrum and reverberation time. Sound-absorbing treatment is a relatively effective noise reduction strategy, whereas sound masking appears to be the most effective technique for improving sleep. For future research, there should be close collaboration between medical researchers and acousticians.
Robust Image Deblurring With an Inaccurate Blur Kernel (2011)

Most existing nonblind image deblurring methods assume that the blur kernel is free of error. However, it is often unavoidable in practice that the input blur kernel is erroneous to some extent. Sometimes, the error could be severe, e.g., for images degraded by nonuniform motion blurring. When an inaccurate blur kernel is used as the input, significant distortions will appear in the image recovered by existing methods. In this paper, we present a novel convex minimization model that explicitly takes account of error in the blur kernel. The resulting minimization problem can be efficiently solved by the so-called accelerated proximal gradient method. In addition, a new boundary extension scheme is incorporated in the proposed model to further improve the results. The experiments on both synthesized and real images showed the efficiency and robustness of our algorithm to both the image noise and the model error in the blur kernel.
Efficiently squeezing near infrared light into a 21nm-by-24nm nanospot (2008)

Recent work demonstrated light transmission through deep subwavelength slits or coupling light into waveguides with deep subwavelength dimension only in one direction. In this paper, we propose an approach to squeeze light (lambda = 1550 nm) from a dielectric waveguide into a deep subwavelength spot. Vertical confinement is achieved by efficiently coupling light from a dielectric waveguide into a 20-nm metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguide. The horizontal dimension of the plasmonic waveguide is then tapered into 20 nm. Numerical simulation shows that light fed from a dielectric waveguide can be squeezed into a 21 nm-by-24 nm spot with efficiency 62%.
Interaction of proteins with linear polyelectrolytes and spherical polyelectrolyte brushes in aqueous solution (2006)

We review recent experiments on the interaction of proteins with anionic polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution. Data from the literature demonstrate that proteins can form soluble complexes with linear polyelectrolytes even on the "wrong side" of the isoelectric point, that is, for pH values above the isoelectric point of the proteins under which the polyelectrolytes and the proteins are like-charged. All data published so far demonstrate that this type of adsorption becomes weaker with increasing ionic strength. A much stronger interaction is found if the polyelectrolyte chains are grafted onto solid surfaces to form polyelectrolyte brushes. Here it has been shown that spherical polyelectrolyte brushes consisting of a core of ca. 100 nm diameter and long attached polyelectrolyte chains strongly adsorb proteins at low ionic strength ("polyelectrolyte-mediated protein adsorption"; PMPA). Virtually no adsorption takes place onto the spherical polyelectrolyte brushes at high ionic strength. A critical comparison of data obtained on free polyelectrolytes and on polyelectrolyte brushes shows that both phenomena can be traced back to patches of positive charge on the surface of the proteins. Moreover, we discuss the driving force of the PMPA-process in terms of the Donnan pressure inside the brush layer. Here we find a good correlation which demonstrates that release of counterions during the process of adsorption is the main driving force.
Advanced machining technology handbook (1999)

Computer integrated manufacturing sheetmetal and press processes - fineblanking cold forging by coining orbital forging hydroforming rollforming machine shop environment processes trepanning metal spinning shearforming electrical discharge machining abrasive waterjet cutting lapping honing polishing saws industrial parts cleaning hot isostatic pressing, fastening and joining fastening and joining processes industrial adhesives magneforming ultrasonic aluminium brazing welding induction heating lasers injection moulding processes powder injection moulding injected metal assemblies surface treatment processes titanium nitride (TiN) hardcoating electrolising polyond magnaplate powder coating spray coating industrial finishing systems electro-chemistry processes electro-chemical machining electro-chemical grinding electropolishing electroforming machine deburring processes electrochemical deburring thermal energy.
On the ℓ 1 -ℓ q Regularized Regression (2008)

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have emerged as important and challenging targets in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. The main difficulty encountered in the discovery of small molecule modulators derives from the large contact surfaces involved in PPIs when compared with those that participate in protein-small molecule interactions. Because of their intrinsic features, peptides can explore larger surfaces and therefore represent a useful alternative to modulate PPIs. The use of peptides as therapeutics has been held back by their instability in vivo and poor cell internalization. However, more than 200 peptide drugs and homologous compounds (proteins or antibodies) containing peptide bonds are (or have been) on the market, and many alternatives are now available to tackle these limitations. This review will focus on the latest progress in the field, spanning from "lead" identification methods to binding evaluation techniques, through an update of the most successful examples described in the literature.
Effcient Simulation of Message-Passing in Distributed-Memory Architectures (1996)

In this thesis we propose a distributed-memory parallel-computer simulation system called PUPPET (Performance Under a Pseudo-Parallel EnvironmenT). It allows the evaluation of parallel programs run in a pseudo-parallel system, where a single processor is used to multitask the program's processes, as if they were run on the simulated system. This allows development of applications and teaching of parallel programming without the use of valuable supercomputing resources. We use a standard message-passing language, MPI, so that when desired (e. g. , development is complete) the program can be run on a truly parallel system without any changes. There are several features in PUPPET that do not exist in any other simulation system. Support for all deterministic MPI features is available, including collective and non-blocking communication. Multitasking (more processes than processors) can be simulated, allowing the evaluation of load-balancing schemes. PUPPET is very loosely coupled with the program, so that a program can be run once and then evaluated on many simulated systems with multiple process-to-processor mappings. Finally, we propose a new model of direct networks that ignores network traffic, greatly improving simulation speed and often not signficantly affecting accuracy.
Establishment of Method for the Determination of Aggregated α-Synuclein in DLB Patient Using RT-QuIC Assay (2020)

This established αSyn RT-QuIC assay will be able to apply to the early clinical diagnosis of αSyn aggregates-related diseases in various biofluids such as CSF.
Characterization of Oligocellulose Synthesized by Reverse Phosphorolysis Using Different Cellodextrin Phosphorylases (2015)

Much progress was made in the straightforward and eco-friendly enzymatic synthesis of shorter cellulose chains (oligocellulose). Here, we report the determination of a molar mass distribution of the oligocellulose synthesized from cellobiose (CB) and α-glucose 1-phosphate by reverse phosphorolysis, using enzymes cellodextrin phosphorylase from Clostridium stercorarium or Clostridium thermocellum as catalyst. The oligocellulose molar mass distribution was analyzed using three different methods: (1)H NMR spectroscopy, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The molar mass distribution of the synthesized oligocellulose was only dependent on the concentration of cellobiose used in the reaction. Data obtained from MALDI-ToF MS and SEC were almost identical and showed that oligocellulose synthesized using 10 mM CB has an average degree of polymerization (DPn) of ∼7, while a DPn of ∼14 was achieved when 0.2 mM CB was used in the reaction. Because of solvent limitation in SEC analysis, MALDI-ToF MS was shown to be the technique of choice for accurate, easy and fast oligocellulose molar mass distribution determination.
Triazolo derivatives of dibenzodiazepines as potential c.n.s. Active drug (2009)

The synthesis of a number of substituted triazolo derivatives of Dibenzodiazepines are reported. The medicinal properties were evaluated through various pharmacological assessments applied on albino mice of either sex taking clozapine as standard drug. A triazolo derivatives having substitution at 8-positions Dibenzodiazepines was found to have for better CNS depressant activity properties as compared to the basic Dibenzodiazepines moeity and among other 8-subsituted derivatives amino substitution exhibited 70 -80 % antiepileptic properties.