gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progressive maturation in contracting cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells: Qualitative effects on electrophysiological responses to drugs (2010)

The field of drug testing currently needs a new integrated assay system, as accurate as systems using native tissues, that will allow us to predict arrhythmia risks of candidate drugs and the relationship between genetic mutations and acquired electrophysiological phenotypes. This could be accomplished by combining the microelectrode array (MEA) system with cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and induced pluripotential stem cells. CMs have been successfully induced from both types, but their maturation process is not systematically controlled; this results in loss of beating potency and insufficient ion channel function. We generated a transgenic hESC line that facilitates maintenance of hESC-CM clusters every 2 weeks by expressing GFP driven by a cardiac-specific alphaMHC promoter, thereby producing a compact pacemaker lineage within a ventricular population over a year. Further analyses, including quantitative RT-PCR, patch-clamp, and MEA-mediated QT tests, demonstrated that replating culturing continuously enhanced gene expression, ionic current amplitudes, and resistance to K(+) channel blockades in hESC-CMs. Moreover, temporal three-dimensional (3D) culturing accelerated maturation by restoring the global gene repressive status established in the adhesive status. Replating/3D culturing thus produces hESC-CMs that act as functional syncytia suitable for use in regenerative medicine and accurate drug tests.
Ribosome Subunit Stapling for Orthogonal Translation in <i>E.</i> <i>coli</i> (2015)

The creation of orthogonal large and small ribosomal subunits, which interact with each other but not with endogenous ribosomal subunits, would extend our capacity to create new functions in the ribosome by making the large subunit evolvable. To this end, we rationally designed a ribosomal RNA that covalently links the ribosome subunits via an RNA staple. The stapled ribosome is directed to an orthogonal mRNA, allowing the introduction of mutations into the large subunit that reduce orthogonal translation, but have minimal effects on cell growth. Our approach provides a promising route towards orthogonal subunit association, which may enable the evolution of key functional centers in the large subunit, including the peptidyl-transferase center, for unnatural polymer synthesis in cells.
Job scheduling using fuzzy load balancing in distributedsystem (1998)

The authors present a batch job scheduler for a distributed system which utilises a fuzzy logic algorithm to balance the load on individual processors and maximise the throughput of the overall system. The fuzzy algorithm has been implemented in a production processing environment rather than in simulation only. The power and simplicity of a fuzzy load balancing algorithm incorporated into a batch job scheduler is demonstrated, producing excellent performance and reliable characteristics.
Challenging Convention in Sand Control: Southern North Sea Examples C (2006)

Abstract Sand production is a major issue facing many operators in the mature Southern North Sea gas fields. Historically, sand control completion decisions have often been based on the assumption that sand control will occur and have been constrained by the restrictions imposed upon sand entering the gas transport pipeline. The inherent conservatism of this approach leads to significant increases in completion costs and misses potential productivity gains. A holistic sand management strategy has been developed for the Southern North Sea to challenge the conservative paradigm. This is based on a complete understanding of SNS reservoir rock properties and sand control completion performance in gas wells and has been tuned by learnings from SNS and analogue fields. It couples sand failure prediction, methodical and structured sand control selection (including consideration of production performance, longevity and risks) with novel solids lifting and erosion assessment models to better quantify the risk and consequences of sand production on wells and facilities. Key selection criteria are utilised rather than an arbitrary decision based on limited and often unaudited data. The role of an asset focal point with clear ownership of all relevant sand production data and issues is fundamental to the success of the integrated strategy. Tools are available to predict when, where and even how much sand will be produced; how much sand will be lifted to surface; and how much erosion it will cause. Methodologies are available to evaluate and rank the available sand control techniques in a consistent and systematic manner. This more systematic and integrated approach to sand management has enhanced well productivity and reduced completion costs without compromising sand management or exceeding sand production constraints. Challenging sand management convention in the demanding environment of the Southern North Sea compels operators to use these methodologies to much greater effect.
629 Monitoring of Crack Development Using Nonlinear Wave Modulation Technique (2006)

不良接合部やクラックなど粗い面と面の接触を伴う損傷を含む構造物が振動すると,接触面において微視的または巨視的な相対運動が発生し,その結果,接触面における超音波の散乱特性は構造振動に同期して変化する.本研究では,クラック面における超音波の散乱特性が構造振動に同期して変化することを利用した非線形波動変調法を低サイクル疲労クラックの検出に適用し,高周波波動の振幅変調および位相変調に着目したクラック進展モニタリングの可能性を実験的に検討する.
Interactions between HIV-infected monocytes and the extracellular matrix: HIV-infected monocytes secrete neutral metalloproteases that degrade basement membrane protein matrices (1992)

The frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected monocytes that spread on a model basement membrane was about twofold greater than that of an equal number of uninfected control cells through the initial 12 to 18 h of culture. By 24 h, virtually all HIV-infected and uninfected control cells spread on the basement membrane gel. The frequency of spread cells in the uninfected control population was less than 10% of total cells by 12 days. In contrast, 30 to 40% of HIV-infected monocytes remained spread through this time interval and formed a dense interdigitated network of cell processes on and into the gel matrix. Invasion of the basement membrane matrix by HIV-infected monocytes suggested increased secretion of proteases able to digest the gel. Indeed, levels of neutral protease activity in culture fluids from HIV-infected monocytes were significantly higher than those from equal numbers of uninfected control cells. High levels of protease activity in culture fluids of HIV-infected monocytes required productive virus infection and were not observed with cells exposed to T cell-tropic HIV isolates. The predominant protease activity in these cultures was a 92-kd neutral metallogelatinase. HIV-induced changes in monocyte metalloprotease activity may be important for extravasation of infected cells to tissue or for the development of AIDS-associated neuropathology, carcinogenesis, and opportunistic infection.
Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis of chromosomal constitution in spermatozoa from a mosaic 47,XYY/46,XY male (2000)

Sex-chromosome mosaicism in spermatozoa from a mosaic 47,XYY[20%]/46, XY[80%] male with fertility problems was assessed using triple-probe fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) studies. Chromosome-specific probes for X, Y and 18 were used, and the possible outcomes were deduced. In normal haploid spermatozoa of the patient and a normal 46,XY male control, the X:Y ratio was close to 1:1. There was a significant difference in the total incidence of karyotypically abnormal spermatozoa between the patient and the 46, XY male control (2.31% versus 1.46%, P < 0.0001). The incidence of some types of disomic spermatozoa X+Y+18 (24,XY) and X+18+18 (24,X, +18), or diploid X+Y+18+18 (46,XY) spermatozoa was significantly increased in the patient's semen sample. There was, however, no significant difference in the incidence of disomic Y+Y+18 (24,YY) spermatozoa. Because the majority of the patient's spermatozoa was karyotypically normal, the aetiology of his fertility problems was unclear. These results add to the growing body of information regarding chromosome abnormalities in spermatozoa from men who are mosaic for sex chromosome abnormalities. In these men, FISH analysis of spermatozoa may be warranted to determine the relative percentages of abnormal cells, and to determine if in-vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic diagnosis may increase the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.
LSP: Local similarity pattern, a new approach for rotation invariant noisy texture analysis (2011)

Characterization of two-dimensional textures has many potential applications such as remote sensing, content base image retrieval, image segmentation, etc. In real world, noise has a disturbing effect in the analysis of images and textures. In this paper, a new rotation invariant texture descriptor, LSP (Local Similarity Pattern) is proposed to characterize the local contrast information based on the similarity or dissimilarity of adjacent pixels into a one- dimensional LSP histogram. The aligned histogram could be used as a feature vector to describe the related texture. Experimental results show that the proposed LSP operator can achieve significant improvement in the classification of textures in spite of their embedded noise. Especially, increasing the noise has a few effects on the performance of this method.
Overview of Diverse Pharmacological Activities of Substituted Coumarins: Compounds with Therapeutic Potentials (2015)

Coumarins are well known plant derived natural product which is extensively used as a biological active compound. Coumarins have attracted considerable attention of medicinal chemists and pharmacologists and have been demonstrated to bear many pharmacological activities. Natural and synthetic coumarins were verified to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticoagulation, estrogenic, dermal photosensitizing, vasodilator, molluscicidal, anti helmentic, sedative, hypnotic, analgesic, hypothermic, antimicrobial, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antihyperlipidemic, tyrosinase inhibitor and anti-parkinsonism and antiulcer activities. This review is based on recent studies of coumarins and coumarin related compounds. Therefore the focus will be on their pharmacological importance along with the various synthesis methods. The aim of the paper is to review the available information on substituted coumarins.
MCBP neural network formation for efficient recognition of tire sorting code by image processing (2002)

We implement a tire code recognition system using image processing and neural networks. In order to construct an automatic tire sorting system, a DOT code is extracted into individual characters by image processing and then recognized through a neural network. The aim of this study is to construct the MCBP network which identifies individual characters of the tire code by image processing and to study experimentally the performance and recognition rate.
Characterization of a focal adhesion protein, Hic-5, that shares extensive homology with paxillin (1999)

Paxillin is a focal adhesion scaffolding protein which was originally identified as a substrate of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase, v-src. Paxillin has been proposed to be involved in regulation of focal adhesion dynamics. Two alternatively spliced mouse paxillin cDNAs were cloned and in the process, a paxillin-related protein, Hic-5, was also identified. Cloning and characterization of Hic-5 indicates that this protein shares extensive homology with paxillin. Although Hic-5 was originally characterized as a TGF-beta-inducible gene and proposed to be a transcription factor involved in senescence, the studies here demonstrate that Hic-5 is localized to focal adhesion in REF52 cells and can interact with the focal adhesion proteins, Fak, Frnk, and vinculin. In addition, like paxillin, Hic-5 can bind to a negative regulator of Src PTKs, csk but does not bind to the adaptor protein Crk. Like paxillin, localization of this protein to focal adhesions is mediated primarily by the LIM domains; however, sequences outside the LIM domains also play a minor role in focal adhesion targeting. These results suggest that Hic-5 like paxillin could be involved in regulation of focal adhesion dynamics and raise the possibility that Hic-5 and paxillin could have overlapping or opposing functions in the overall regulation of cell growth and differentiation.
POLYMERS FROM BIOLOGICAL OILS (2010)

Ð¡Ð°Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸, Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ° - Contemporary materials, International scientific conference,Ð¡Ð°Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ 2010 - Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ° Ñ ÐÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ ÐÑÑÐ¸
Revision of the extended Hantzsch-Widman system of nomenclature for heteromonocycles (1983)

Abstract
Retinal degeneration 6 (rd6): a new mouse model for human retinitis punctata albescens. (2000)

The fundi of mice homozygous for rd6 exhibit phenotypic similarities to the human flecked retinal disorder retinitis punctata albescens. Thus, rd6/rd6 mice may be a model for understanding the etiology of this or similar disorders. The relationship between the aberrant subretinal cells and the concomitant photoreceptor degeneration remains to be established.
The impact of data placement on memory management for multi-server OODBMS (2002)

We demonstrate the close relationship between data placement and memory management for symmetric multi-server OODBMS. We propose and investigate memory management algorithms for two data placement strategies, namely declustering and clustering. Through a detailed simulation, we show that by declustering the data most of the benefits of complex global memory management algorithms are realized by simple algorithms. In contrast we show that when data is clustered, the simple algorithms perform poorly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Predictive Effects of Previous Fall History on Accuracy of Fall Risk Assessment Tool in Acute Care Settings (2012)

Purpose: To explore the usefulness of previous fall history as a triage variable for inpatients. Methods: Medical records of 21,382 patients, admitted to medical units of one tertiary hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. Inpatient falls were identified from the hospital's self-report system. Non-falls in 1,125 patients were selected by a stratified matching sampling with 125 patients with falls (0.59%). A comparative and predictive accuracy analysis was conducted to describe differences between the two groups with and without a history of falls. Logistic regression was used to measure the effect size of the fall history. Results: The fall history group showed higher prevalence by 9 fold than the non-fall history group. The relationships between falls and relevant variables which were significant in the non-fall history group, were not significant for the fall history group. Falls in the fall history group were 25 times more likely than in the non-fall group. Predictive accuracy of the risk assessment tool showed almost zero specificity in the fall history group. Conclusion: The presence of fall history, the fall prevalence, variables relevant to falls, and the accuracy of the risk tool were different, which support the usefulness of the fall history as a triage variable.
Intensity noise characteristics of a Mach-Zehnder wavelength converter (1995)

Wavelength conversion using semiconductor optical amplifiers in a Mach-Zehnder configuration is analyzed. It is shown that the wavelength converter has strong influence on the intensity noise of the converted channel. Ways of improving the noise performance of the wavelength converter are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Two antigenically related neuronal cell adhesion molecules of different specificities mediate neuron-neuron and neuron-glia adhesion. (1984)

Previous studies in this laboratory have led to the identification of the neural cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, a homophilic ligand that mediates adhesion between neurons as well as between neurons and striated muscle precursors. By means of a similar immunological approach but with different assays, we have now identified a cell adhesion molecule on neurons (Ng-CAM) that mediates the heterotypic adhesion between neuronal membranes and glial cells. In this paper, we compare certain aspects of the structure and function of Ng-CAM and embryonic N-CAM from the chicken. Ng-CAM was localized by specific antibodies on neurons but not on glia, and double-staining methods showed that individual neurons contained both Ng-CAM and N-CAM. Embryonic Ng-CAM migrates primarily as a single component of Mr 135,000; its apparent Mr shifted to 127,000 after neuraminidase treatment. In contrast, the embryonic form of N-CAM migrates on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels in the apparent Mr range of 200,000-250,000; after neuraminidase treatment, N-CAM migrates as two components of Mr 170,000 and Mr 140,000. Although both Ng-CAM and N-CAM have calcium-independent binding mechanisms, immunologically based cell adhesion assays suggested that they have different specificities in mediating cell adhesion. Whereas 0.25 micrograms of Ng-CAM partially neutralized the ability of 0.5 mg of polyspecific antineural Fab' fragments to inhibit the heterotypic binding of neuronal membrane vesicles to glial cells and larger amounts of Ng-CAM completely neutralized this inhibition, 20 micrograms of N-CAM had no neutralization activity in this assay. Reciprocally, 0.25 micrograms of N-CAM partially neutralized the ability of 0.5 mg of the same Fab' fragments to inhibit the direct homotypic aggregation of neuronal cells, but 20 micrograms of Ng-CAM had no detectable activity. Although peptide maps of the two cell adhesion molecules differed considerably and despite the differences in binding specificity of these molecules, two independently derived monoclonal antibodies were found to crossreact with both Ng-CAM and N-CAM. Therefore, these different neuronal cell adhesion molecules with distinct binding specificities share at least one antigenic determinant, raising the possibility that they arose from a common evolutionary precursor.
<title>Photolithography fabrication of sol-gel ridge waveguides</title> (1998)

We report on fabrication of ridge waveguides in UV-light sensitive glass sol-gel thin films, deposited on silicon substrate, using a simple photolithography process. The single-layer films are prepared at low temperature and deep UV-light (DUV) is employed to make the waveguides. The effect of fabrication parameters on waveguide shape is investigated.
DEVELOPMENTS IN CATHODIC PROTECTION APPLIED TO REINFORCED CONCRETE. DISCUSSION AND CLOSURE (2001)

A discussion of a paper with the aforementioned title by C.L. Page and G. Sergi, published in this journal (Volume 12, Number 1, February 2000), is presented. The discusser generally commends the work of the authors, highlighting innovative developments regarding the use of sacrificial anodes in chloride-contaminated concrete, a practice likely to improve the viability of patch repairs under conditions that have previously resulted in rapid failure. However, the discusser debates the basic principles of cathodic protection of steel in concrete presented in the original paper, with too much being attributed to the protective effects of a negative potential shift while ignoring the importance of other protective effects. The discussion is followed by closure from the authors.
Microstructural Stability and Control for Improved Irradiation Resistance and for High-Temperature Strength of Austenitic Stainless Steels (1988)

Current advanced austenitic stainless steels were developed for irradiation resistance from research data accumulated for nearly 20 years on light water, fast breeder, or magnetic fusion reactor (LWR, FBR, and MFR, respectively) materials programs. The austenitic prime candidate alloy (PCA) is an example of an advanced alloy developed for irradiation resistance for the MFR program. The PCA composition has nickel and chromium modifications and titanium additions, relative to the more familiar Type 316 stainless steel, which provide better resistance to void swelling and helium embrittlement. Research on microstructural evolution, phase stability, and solute segregation in the last six to seven years has provided the additional insight to allow the design of newer and better austenitic alloys. These newer steels are based on the combined additions of Ti, V, Nb, C, and P aimed at controlling and improving the formation and stability characteristics of matrix and grain boundary precipitation. These additions promote the formation of fine MC and phosphide phase particles in the matrix which refine the helium bubble distribution and improve void swelling resistance. The additions also promote MC formation at grain boundaries to trap helium bubbles and provide embrittlement resistance. These newer advanced austenitics also show much better unirradiated high-temperature strength than Types 304, 316, or PCA stainless steels. Their strength and precipitation characteristics suggest that the newer advanced austenitics may have a direct spinoff to applications that require improved creep resistance at high temperatures.
Insights into Alternanthera mosaic virus TGB3 Functions: Interactions with Nicotiana benthamiana PsbO Correlate with Chloroplast Vesiculation and Veinal Necrosis Caused by TGB3 Over-Expression (2013)

Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) triple gene block 3 (TGB3) protein is involved in viral movement. AltMV TGB3 subcellular localization was previously shown to be distinct from that of Potato virus X (PVX) TGB3, and a chloroplast binding domain identified; veinal necrosis and chloroplast vesiculation were observed in Nicotiana benthamiana when AltMV TGB3 was over-expressed from PVX. Plants with over-expressed TGB3 showed more lethal damage under dark conditions than under light. Yeast-two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) reveal that Arabidopsis thaliana PsbO1 has strong interactions with TGB3; N. benthamiana PsbO (NbPsbO) also showed obvious interaction signals with TGB3 through BiFC. These results demonstrate an important role for TGB3 in virus cell-to-cell movement and virus-host plant interactions. The Photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex protein PsbO interaction with TGB3 is presumed to have a crucial role in symptom development and lethal damage under dark conditions. In order to further examine interactions between AtPsbO1, NbPsbO, and TGB3, and to identify the binding domain(s) in TGB3 protein, BiFC assays were performed between AtPsbO1 or NbPsbO and various mutants of TGB3. Interactions with C-terminally deleted TGB3 were significantly weaker than those with wild-type TGB3, and both N-terminally deleted TGB3 and a TGB3 mutant previously shown to lose chloroplast interactions failed to interact detectably with PsbO in BiFC. To gain additional information about TGB3 interactions in AltMV-susceptible plants, we cloned 12 natural AltMV TGB3 sequence variants into a PVX expression vector to examine differences in symptom development in N. benthamiana. Symptom differences were observed on PVX over-expression, with all AltMV TGB3 variants showing more severe symptoms than the WT PVX control, but without obvious correlation to sequence differences.