gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation forces on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere in a patterned optical near field (2005)

We report on the study of the radiation forces exerted on a Rayleigh dielectric particle by a patterned optical near-field landscape at an interface decorated with resonant gold nanostructures. This configuration allows for the generation of a large array of surface subwavelength optical traps from an extended collimated beam, which may be of interest for parallel optical manipulation and sorting of submicrometer objects.
[Hand hygiene--is hand disinfection the best solution?]. (2000)

Nosocomial infections have been recognized as a critical problem in modern medicine and are associated with the quality of health care provided in hospitals. On average, 7-10% of hospitalized patients acquire an infection after hospital admission. A substantial proportion of these result from cross-contamination. Transmission of microorganisms by the hands of health care workers is the main cause for spreading. Prevention of bacterial contamination and infection to the patients requires good hand washing or disinfection, and a series of guidelines have been proposed. However, health care workers show poor compliance with such rules. At a time when costs for patient care are increasing and hospitals are threatened by bacterial resistance, prevention of nosocomial infections is an important issue. Thus, many international publications at present discuss the general problems of hand hygiene, still is the most cost effective method in prevention of nosocomial infections. Factors that contribute to poor compliance in hand hygiene have been targeted, and practical solutions in order to improve hand cleansing practices have been suggested. Increased use of the quicker methods of hand disinfection instead of hand washing is one of them.
Comparison of Salicylate- and Quinine-Induced Tinnitus in Rats (2010)

The present study highlights the similarities and differences in the frequency and the time course of tinnitus and hypoacusis induced by salicylate and quinine. Transient tinnitus was reliably induced pharmacologically with salicylate, whereas hearing loss remained subclinical with only minor changes in DPOAEs.
Syndecan-1 expression in different soft tissue tumours. (2001)

At first it seemed that the cell membrane positivity of syndecan-1 accompanied true epithelial differentiation in soft tissue sarcomas, but the results further highlighted the non specific nature of this expression. Therefore the heterogeneity in the appearance of syndecan-1 in various soft tissue tumours is not simply associated with the phenotype, suggesting more complex functions.
Identification of col2a1 gene mutations in patients with chondrodysplasias and familial osteoarthritis (1995)

Using the procedure developed for analysis of the COL2A1 gene, mutations were detected in > 20% of patients with chondrodysplasias and up to 2% of patients with early-onset familial OA. However, these percentages are only minimal estimates because all possible mutations in the gene cannot be detected with this procedure.
The importance of play (1990)

The importance of play for children in hospital is now well recognised, both on humanitarian and on therapeutic grounds.
Planar Electrically Symmetric n-Way Hybrid Power Dividers/Combiners (1980)

The match and isolation properties of two types of planar electrically symmetric n-way hybrid power dividers/combiners, which were recently introduced in the literature, are studied. These hybrids, which resemble the Wilkinson hybrid, are named the "radial" hybrid, and the "fork" hybrid because of their geometry. Optimum values of their isolation resistances are given to maximize the match and isolation at band center. The power dissipation requirement in the isolation resistors is also discussed. It is shown that the use of two stages of quarter-wave lines and isolation resistors, rather than only one stage as was originally proposed, improves the match and isolation considerably as well as reduces the power dissipation requirements.
Lessons of History? Past and Present in the Gulf War (1993)

Research Article| January 01 1993 Lessons of History? Past and Present in the Gulf War Colin Gordon Colin Gordon Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Radical History Review (1993) 1993 (55): 135–144. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1993-55-135 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Colin Gordon; Lessons of History? Past and Present in the Gulf War. Radical History Review 1 January 1993; 1993 (55): 135–144. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1993-55-135 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsRadical History Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1993 by MARHO: The Radical Historians' Organization, Inc.1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Feature Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
Self-Organized Distributed Sensor Network Entity Tracking (2002)

The sensor network paradigm uses multiple autonomous sensor nodes to cooperatively construct an ad hoc computational entity. The authors have implemented applications using this approach with a network of sensor prototypes. In the paper, entity tracking is described as a two-tier process: ( i) clusters of nodes locally estimate parameters used in entity tracking (i.e. time, class, position, and heading), and ( ii) local parameter association forms inter-cluster tracks. Ad hoc routing primitives are used. This supports self-organization at all levels. Derivations of entity tracking applications are given along with preliminary results.
Efficiency of Nitrogen Desorption from LiX Zeolite by Rapid Oxygen Purge in a Pancake Adsorber (2012)

Significance A nonequilibrium, nonisothermal, nonisobaric model was used for numerical simulation of the efficiency of N 2 desorption from a LiX zeolite column by rapid purge with O 2 in a pancake adsorber. The key parameters included desorption time, adsorbent particle size, and the adsorber length to diameter ratio. The efficiency was found to be a complex function of these variables.
Scaling law for noise variance and spatial resolution in differential phase contrast computed tomography (2011)

The scaling law in DPC-CT implies a lesser noise, and therefore dose, penalty for moving to higher spatial resolutions when compared to conventional absorption-based CT in order to maintain the same contrast-to-noise ratio.
A novel unified dummy fill insertion framework with SQP-based optimization method (2016)

Dummy fill insertion is widely applied to significantly improve the planarity of topographic patterns for chemical mechanical polishing process in VLSI manufacture. However, these dummies will lead to additional parasitic capacitance and deteriorate the circuit performance. The main challenge of dummy filling algorithms is how to balance multiple objectives, such as fill amount, density variation, parasitic capacitance, etc. which is the aim of ICCAD 2014 DFM contest. Traditional dummy fill insertion methods are no longer applicable because they generate large amount of fills or take unaffordable time. In this paper, we propose a unified dummy fill insertion optimization framework based on multi-starting points and sequential quadratic programming optimization solver, where all objectives are considered simultaneously without approximation. Selecting the initial points smartly with prior knowledge, the proposed method can be effectively accelerated. Even without any prior knowledge, it can also reach high fill quality by random initial points with high scalability. The proposed algorithm is verified by ICCAD 2014 DFM contest benchmark, which shows better quality of dummy filling over the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Shock wave structure in a strongly nonlinear lattice with viscous dissipation (2007)

The shock wave structure in a one-dimensional lattice (e.g., granular chain of elastic particles) with a power law dependence of force on displacement between particles (F proportional to delta(n)) with viscous dissipation is considered and compared to the corresponding long wave approximation. A dissipative term depending on the relative velocity between neighboring particles is included to investigate its influence on the shape of a steady shock. The critical viscosity coefficient p(c), defining the transition from an oscillatory to a monotonic shock profile in strongly nonlinear systems, is obtained from the long-wave approximation for arbitrary values of the exponent n. The expression for the critical viscosity is comparable to the value obtained in the numerical analysis of a discrete system with a Hertzian contact interaction (n=3/2) . The expression for p(c) in the weakly nonlinear case converges to the known equation for the critical viscosity. An initial disturbance in a discrete system approaches a stationary shock profile after traveling a short distance that is comparable to the width of the leading pulse of a stationary shock front. The shock front width is minimized when the viscosity is equal to its critical value.
Early childhood care and education in India (1994)

Abstract A brief history of the development of Early Childhood Care and Education in pre and post Independent India has been given first. The current situation of ECCE, teacher training and research has been described and the Research — Policy — Program interface has been delineated. Among the myriad issues confronting ECCE in the country a few have been selected for discussion.
Chromo-fluorogenic detection of aldehydes with a rhodamine based sensor featuring an intramolecular deoxylactam (2011)

A chromogenic and fluorogenic detection of aldehydes was achieved via analyte triggered opening of the deoxylactam of N-(rhodamine B)-deoxylactam-ethylenediamine (dRB-EDA). The utility of the sensor was demonstrated by fluorescent labeling of aldehyde-displaying sialoproteins on cell surfaces.
Overhang of the Femoral Component in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Risk Factors and Clinical Consequences (2010)

In this series, overhang of the femoral component was highly prevalent, occurring more often and with greater severity in women, and the prevalence and magnitude of overhang increased with larger femoral component sizes among both sexes. Femoral component overhang of >or=3 mm approximately doubles the odds of clinically important knee pain two years after total knee arthroplasty.
Regulation of Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Responsiveness by IGFs in Rat Hepatoma Cells* (1986)

We have previously reported that insulin induces a complete and reversible desensitization to the induction of tyrosine aminotransferase by insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in HTC rat hepatoma cells. This loss of responsiveness cannot be accounted for by down-regulation of cell surface receptors, but occurs at a postbinding step in hormone action. Here we present evidence that IGF-I and IGF-II also induce desensitization to the actions of both IGFs and insulin and that this effect is mediated by IGF receptors. First, the concentration dependence for this effect is similar to that for the IGF-I and IGF-II induction of tyrosine aminotransferase, which has been shown to be mediated by IGF receptors. Second, antibody to the insulin receptor, which blocks insulin, but not IGF-II, binding to HTC cells, causes a rightward shift in the concentration dependence for insulin induction of desensitization, but does not significantly change the concentration dependence for IGF-II. These results indicate that IGF-II-induced desensitization to IGF-II is not mediated by the insulin receptor, but presumably by an IGF receptor. Although the IGFs do cause a moderate decrease in the binding of IGFs and insulin (to approximately 50-75% of the control value), this cannot account for the virtually complete desensitization to their actions. We conclude that IGFs, like insulin, induce a nearly complete loss of responsiveness to insulin and IGFs, that this effect is mediated via IGF receptors, and that desensitization occurs at a step distal to hormone binding which may be common to the actions of insulin and the IGFs.
Recent progress in clinical quantitative cytology. (1987)

The last several years have seen changes in quantitative cytologic procedures that have significantly expanded the clinical research and diagnostic applications of quantitative cytologic analysis. Intact nuclei can be isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, and the DNA distribution of these nuclei can be analyzed either with flow cytometry or with slide-based image-processing techniques. In addition, more informative DNA analysis has been achieved using antibodies to bromodeoxyuridine-modified DNA, proliferation-associated nuclear antigens, or tissue-type-specific cytoplasmic antigens as second stains for two-parameter analysis. Improvements in both staining and instrumentation have also increased the usefulness of flow cytometry in analysis of "rare events," ie, cell types comprising less than 0.1% to 0.5% of a total cell suspension. Commercially available slide-based image-processing systems have been developed that provide sophisticated cell and tissue analysis functions using inexpensive personal-computer-based systems.
Fabrication of Highly-Ordered TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays and Their Use in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2009)

Highly ordered TiO(2) nanotubes were successfully fabricated using a nanoporous alumina templating method. A modified sol-gel route was used to infiltrate the alumina pores with Ti(OC(3)H(7))(4) which was subsequently converted into TiO(2) nanotubes. The average external diameter, tube lengths, and wall thickness achieved were 295 nm, 6-15 microm, and 21-42 nm, respectively. Diffraction data reveals that the nanotubes consist solely of the anatase phase. Dye-sensitized solar cells using TiO(2) nanotube arrays as the working electrode yielded power conversion efficiencies as high as 3.5% with a maximum incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 20% at 520 nm.
Biomarkers of Response to Akt Inhibitor MK-2206 in Breast Cancer (2012)

MK-2206 has antitumor activity alone and in combination with chemotherapy. This activity may be greater in tumors with PTEN loss or PIK3CA mutation, providing a strategy for patient enrichment in clinical trials.
Loss of pigmentation in Shigella flexneri 2a is correlated with loss of virulence and virulence-associated plasmid (1984)

In this study, we examined the relationship between the virulence of Shigella flexneri 2a and the ability of strains of S. flexneri 2a to absorb Congo red. Spontaneous nonpigmented (i.e., unable to bind Congo red [Pcr-]) derivatives of a virulent, pigmented (Pcr+) strain of S. flexneri 2a were isolated and assayed for virulence as determined by their ability to invade epithelial cells. All Pcr- mutants examined lost the ability to invade epithelial cells and were thus avirulent. Agarose gel electrophoresis of plasmid DNA from these avirulent, Pcr- mutants showed that the majority of these strains had lost a plasmid band corresponding to a virulence-associated plasmid, pSf2a140. In many of the mutants, concomitant loss of pigmentation, virulence, and pSf2a140 was accompanied by the appearance of a new plasmid, smaller than pSf2a140. We believe these new plasmids to be deletion derivatives of pSf2a140 and that loss of pigmentation and loss of virulence are associated with deletions in pSf2a140. We transduced Pcr- mutants to Pcr+ and isolated transductants which suppressed the Pcr- phenotype. None of the Pcr+ transductants regained the ability to invade epithelial cells. Several suppressors of the Pcr- phenotype were identified as mutations in cell wall biosynthesis. These results support our belief that although pigmentation is usually associated with virulence, genetic determinants unrelated to virulence can also affect the ability of the cell to bind Congo red. Therefore, the ability of S. flexneri 2a to bind Congo red does not necessarily imply the ability to invade epithelial cells. However, loss of ability to bind Congo red is accompanied by loss of virulence.
Mesoporous silica materials with covalently anchored phenoxazinone dyes as fluorescent hybrid materials for vapour sensing (2007)

Mesoporous silica matrices functionalized with a fluorescent solvatochromic dye have been employed as optical sensor materials for volatile organic compounds. Re-functionalisation of the polar silica surface of the parent solid by passivation of the silanol groups with hexamethyldisilazane yielded a hydrophobic hybrid sensory material with improved performance in terms of the spectroscopic response, the detectable polarity range of organic vapours, response times and reversibility, and minimized interference from environmental humidity. Polar vapours such as methanol and acetone for instance are indicated by a shift in absorption of ca. 40 and 30 nm, and a ca. 10-fold fluorescence enhancement. With the present system, acetone vapours can be detected down to 300 ppmV.
Enhancement of Numerical Aperture of Liquid Crystal Microlenses Using a Stacked Electrode Structure (2000)

A liquid crystal (LC) microlens with a stacked electrode structure is fabricated by attaching a transparent flat electrode outside a conventional LC microlens. Numerical aperture (NA) properties in two driving methods (an addition type and a subtraction type) are discussed. NA of LC microlens in the addition-type driving method is almost the same as that of the conventional LC microlens, while in the subtraction type, NA is much larger. The enhancement of NA is explained by considering the spatial distribution of the electric field in the LC layer. The dependence on thickness of the insulating layer ( t i ) of the maximum NA (NA max ) when the applied voltage is varied is also discussed. In the subtraction type, NA max strongly depends on t i and takes a maximum value when t i is varied. The enhancement of NA leads to the application of LC microlens as a collimating lens of a light source with a large divergence angle such as a laser diode.
Genetic and Genomic Approaches to Glomerulosclerosis (2005)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, progressive and expensive to manage. Although modifiable risk factors can be treated and outcomes improved, CKD remains a chronic disease with excessive morbidity and mortality. The completion of the human genome sequence and the advent of methodologies to define gene function provide new opportunities to manage and treat patients with CKD and other chronic diseases. Despite the lack of clear correspondence between genotype and phenotype and an obvious Mendelian inheritance pattern, CKD susceptibility has a genetic basis. In this review, we focus on recent studies of familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and the discoveries that have resulted from both genetic and genomic approaches used to understand its pathogenesis. Key slit diaphragm proteins were discovered using linkage analyses of these rare causes of glomerulosclerosis and subsequent work has characterized slit diaphragm function in health and disease. Podocyte dysfunction is now recognized as a key contributor to the functional and histologic derangements that characterize glomerular dysfunction in many common causes of CKD. In aggregate, these studies provide a paradigm for approaches to better define mechanisms of CKD and to identify novel therapeutic targets.
The Fate of<i>trans-</i>Caftaric Acid Administered into the Rat Stomach (2007)

trans-Caftaric acid is the most abundant nonflavonoid phenolic compound in grapes and wines. It occurs in chicory and is one of the bioactive components of Echinacea purpurea. In order to fill the gap of knowledge about its bioavailability in mammals, we investigated its absorption, tissue distribution, and metabolism in rats. Assuming that the stomach is a relevant site of absorption of dietary polyphenols, a solution of trans-caftaric acid was maintained in the ligated stomach of anaesthetized rats for 20 min. Intact trans-caftaric acid was detected in rat plasma at both 10 and 20 min (293 +/- 45 and 334 +/- 49 ng/mL, respectively), along with its O-methylated derivative trans-fertaric acid, whose concentration rose over time (from 92 +/- 12 to 185 +/- 24 ng/mL). At 20 min, both trans-caftaric acid and trans-fertaric acid were detected in the kidney (443 +/- 78 and 2506 +/- 514 ng/g, respectively) but not in the liver. Only trans-fertaric acid was found in the urine (33.3 +/- 12.8 microg/mL). In some rats, trans-caftaric acid was detected in the brain (180 +/- 20 ng/g).
RENTABILIDADE DA CULTURA DO ABACAXIZEIRO CULTIVADO NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL SOB DIFERENTES NÍVEIS TECNOLÓGICOS (1999)

Objetivando dar subsídios para o produtor planejar melhor a lavoura, estimou-se a rentabilidade (receita bruta menos os custos) da cultura do abacaxizeiro, cultivar Pérola, plantada no Rio Grande do Sul, estabelecendo-se populações de 50 000, 40 000 e 30 000 plantas/ha e 40 000, 30 000 e 21 000 frutos vendidos, para os níveis tecnológicos alto, médio e baixo, respectivamente. Dividiu-se os frutos em classes de tamanho (<0,6 ; 0,6 - 0,8; 0,8 -1,0 e >1,0 kg) e preço (R$ 0,35; 0,45; 0,55 e 0,65) e estimou-se a receita multiplicando o número de frutos pela porcentagem, dentro de cada classe e pelo preço. Para estimar os custos de produção, foram consideradas as seguintes despesas: operações mecanizadas, operações manuais, insumos, materiais e equipamentos, arrendamento, juros e depreciação de materiais e equipamentos. O custo usado é a média cobrada pelas agropecuárias da região em agosto/1999 e o preço dos frutos, a média paga aos abacaxicultores pelos frutos entregues na lavoura, nas safras de 1997, 1998 e 1999. A receita bruta oriunda da venda dos frutos foi de R$ 23 200,00, R$ 15 000,00 e R$ 8820,00 para um custo de produção de R$ 10 061,16; R$ 8181,80 e R$ 5999,77, com margem líquida de R$ 13 139,00, R$ 6618,00 e R$ 2820,00, e taxas de retorno de 130%, 83% e 47%, para os níveis tecnológicos alto, médio e baixo, respectivamente. No nível tecnológico médio, mudas, juros, operações manuais, fertilizantes, materiais e equipamentos, herbicidas, arrendamento, depreciação, operações mecanizadas, indutor e surfactante e inseticidas representam, nesta ordem, 41, 18, 13, 8, 5, 5, 4, 2, 2, 1 e I% do custo total da lavoura. Apesar de o investimento e o risco serem grandes, a cultura do abacaxizeiro apresenta alta rentabilidade, quando cultivado no nível tecnológico alto.