gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and management of synovial sarcoma (2008)

Synovial sarcoma accounts about 9% of soft tissue sarcomas, most commonly develops in the extremity of young adults, is considered high grade and contains a characteristic translocation (X;18;p11;q11). While surgery and radiation therapy have achieved excellent local control, distant metastasis remains the principal problem limiting survival. Although ifosfamide based chemotherapy has been associated with an improved survival in patients with synovial sarcoma, the search for less toxic and more targeted systemic therapies is ongoing.
Basics of multi-stress aging tests: survey of actual operating conditions of large industrial motors (2002)

A study of operating conditions of 563 large industrial motors was made in Finland by visiting the factories and sites and observing various parameters on the site. From the statistics gathered, the distributions of various parameters like ambient temperature, humidity, and percentual loading can be determined. Also, the distribution of actual temperatures of windings can be calculated, showing, e.g. that the average operating temperature of a Class B industrial motor is only 70 degrees C or that only 0.6% of motors operate above 110 degrees C. When multistress aging tests are planned, actual operating conditions like those collected in this study should be used as starting points or design basis values. Thermal acceleration should be estimated using the observed actual temperatures, mechanical stresses should be estimated using the observed starting frequencies, etc. In this way, the combinations of aging stresses and levels can be selected so as to produce reliable test lives in multistress aging tests. For most parameters, including operating temperature, the 95% limit value is proposed as the design basis value. Based on these design basis stresses, the actual life of the insulation can be found without using a reference insulation system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mouse mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome mediates a immunosuppressive function in Th17 cells (48.8) (2012)

Abstract The immunoregulatory ability of MSCs is demonstrated in their ability to alleviate autoimmune diseases. In this study, by using purified exosomes from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), we examined the immune-regulatory effect of exomes on activated T cells. Exosomes suppressed the proliferation of T cells by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which was confirmed by CFSE staining and FACS analysis. To confirm exosome’s immunoregulatory effect in vivo, EAE was induced in four groups of mice that were treated exosome and exosome-enriched, exosome depleted supernatant, and saline as a control from the point when the symptoms of EAE initiated. As expected, the symptoms were significantly alleviated in exosome and exosome-enriched treated groups. In addition, the level of IL-17 expression in exosome treated group evaluated by ELISPOT and ELISA was about 2 times lower than that in control group. Exosome significantly reduced the levels of stat3 phosphorlation which has been known to activate RORγt. In conclusion, these results indicate that exosomes alleviate EAE by suppressing IL-17 secretion and stat3 phosphorylation which has been known to play a crucial role in development of EAE.
Bioharness(™) multivariable monitoring device: part. I: validity. (2012)

The Bioharness(™) monitoring system may provide physiological information on human performance but there is limited information on its validity. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of all 5 Bioharness(™) variables using a laboratory based treadmill protocol. 22 healthy males participated. Heart rate (HR), Breathing Frequency (BF) and Accelerometry (ACC) precision were assessed during a discontinuous incremental (0-12 km·h(-1)) treadmill protocol. Infra-red skin temperature (ST) was assessed during a 45 min(-1) sub-maximal cycle ergometer test, completed twice, with environmental temperature controlled at 20 ± 0.1 °C and 30 ± 0.1 °C. Posture (P) was assessed using a tilt table moved through 160°. Adopted precision of measurement devices were; HR: Polar T31 (Polar Electro), BF: Spirometer (Cortex Metalyser), ACC: Oxygen expenditure (Cortex Metalyser), ST: Skin thermistors (Grant Instruments), P:Goniometer (Leighton Flexometer). Strong relationships (r = .89 to .99, p < 0.01) were reported for HR, BF, ACC and P. Limits of agreement identified differences in HR (-3.05 ± 32.20 b·min(-1)), BF (-3.46 ± 43.70 br·min(-1)) and P (0.20 ± 2.62°). ST established a moderate relationships (-0.61 ± 1.98 °C; r = 0.76, p < 0.01). Higher velocities on the treadmill decreased the precision of measurement, especially HR and BF. Global results suggest that the BioharressTM is a valid multivariable monitoring device within the laboratory environment. Key pointsDifferent levels of precision exist for each variable in the Bioharness(™) (Version 1) multi-variable monitoring deviceAccelerometry and posture variables presented the most precise dataData from the heart rate and breathing frequency variable decrease in precision at velocities ≥ 10 km·h(-1)Clear understanding of the limitations of new applied monitoring technology is required before it is used by the exercise scientist.
Data transformations enabling loop vectorization on multithreaded data parallel architectures (2010)

Loop vectorization, a key feature exploited to obtain high performance on Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) vector architectures, is significantly hindered by irregular memory access patterns in the data stream. This paper describes data transformations that allow us to vectorize loops targeting massively multithreaded data parallel architectures. We present a mathematical model that captures loop-based memory access patterns and computes the most appropriate data transformations in order to enable vectorization. Our experimental results show that the proposed data transformations can significantly increase the number of loops that can be vectorized and enhance the data-level parallelism of applications. Our results also show that the overhead associated with our data transformations can be easily amortized as the size of the input data set increases. For the set of high performance benchmark kernels studied, we achieve consistent and significant performance improvements (up to 11.4X) by applying vectorization using our data transformation approach.
Regulation of Raf through Phosphorylation and N Terminus-C Terminus Interaction (2003)

Raf kinase is a key component in regulating the MAPK pathway. B-Raf has been reported as an oncogene and is mutated in 60% of human melanomas. The main focus of Raf regulation studies has been on phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and scaffolding proteins; however, Raf also has its own auto-regulatory domain. Removal of the N-terminal regulatory domain, initially discovered in the viral Raf oncogene (v-Raf), results in a kinase domain with high basal activity independent of Ras activation. In this report, we show that activating phosphorylations are still required for activity of the truncated C-terminal kinase domain (called 22W). The interaction between the N-terminal regulatory domain and the C-terminal kinase domain is disrupted by activated Ras. Mutations in the Ras binding domain, cysteine-rich domain, or S259A do not affect the inhibition of 22W by the N-terminal domain. When phosphomimetic residues are substituted at the activating sites (DDED) in 22W, this results in a higher basal activity that is no longer inhibited by expression of the N-terminal domain, although binding to the N-terminal domain still occurs. Although the interaction between 22W/DDED and the N-terminal domain may be in a different conformation, the interaction is still disrupted by activated Ras. These data demonstrate that N-terminal domain binding to the kinase domain inhibits the activity of the kinase domain. However, this inhibition is relieved when the C-terminal kinase domain is activated by phosphorylation.
Omnidirectional image capture on mobile devices for fast automatic generation of 2.5D indoor maps (2016)

We introduce a light-weight automatic method to quickly capture and recover 2.5D multi-room indoor environments scaled to real-world metric dimensions. To minimize the user effort required, we capture and analyze a single omni-directional image per room using widely available mobile devices. Through a simple tracking of the user movements between rooms, we iterate the process to map and reconstruct entire floor plans. In order to infer 3D clues with a minimal processing and without relying on the presence of texture or detail, we define a specialized spatial transform based on catadioptric theory to highlight the room's structure in a virtual projection. From this information, we define a parametric model of each room to formalize our problem as a global optimization solved by Levenberg-Marquardt iterations. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on several challenging real-world multi-room indoor scenes.
Strömungs‐ und Teilchenmessung mittels Doppler‐Anemometrie (1993)

Abstract Unter Ausnutzung des Doppler‐Effektes lassen sich mit Hilfe von Lasern Strömungsfelder und Teilchen vermessen. Die Entwicklung von Halbleiterlasern und Halbleiter‐Photodetektoren verleiht der Laser‐Doppler‐ und der Phasen‐Doppler‐Meßtechnik neue Impulse. Anwendungen sind außerhalb von Forschungslaboratorien möglich, und es zeichnen sich interessante Anwendungen in der Industrie ab.
Synthesis and characterization of sol-gel phase-reversible hydrogels sensitive to glucose (1996)

A new type of hydrogel capable of sol-gel phase-reversible transition by changes in the environmental glucose concentration has been synthesized. The hydrogel consists of vinylpyrrolidinone-allylglucose (VP/AG) copolymer and concanavalin A (Con A). The formation of the hydrogel is based on the specific interaction between glucose on the copolymer and glucose receptor sites on Con A. Hydrogels were formed immediately after mixing the copolymer and Con A. The critical factors in the formation of hydrogel were the concentrations of the copolymer, of glucose on the copolymer and of Con A. In general, the formation of a hydrogel became more efficient as the concentration of glucose on the copolymer decreased and/or as the Con A concentration increased. The hydrogel formed became a sol in the presence of glucose in the environment. The environmental glucose concentration necessary to dissolve the gel to sol was approximately four times higher than the concentration of glucose on the copolymer. Upon removal of the environmental glucose by dialysis, the sol became a gel again and the sol-gel phase transition could be repeated.
Improved Ethanol Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with EDTA, Ferrocyanide and Zeolite X Addition to Sugar Beet Molasses (1997)

The influence of ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA), potassium ferrocyanide and zeolite X on ethanol production from sugar beet molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. For all of the three substances used, the effect was more pronounced when added to the fermentation medium rather than to the growth medium; 1·9 mmol dm−3 potassium ferrocyanide caused an increase in the final ethanol concentration of about 16·4% and 47·5% with respect to control culture on addition to growth and fermentation media respectively. The greatest stimulation in product yield was obtained with zeolite X introduced during the fermentation stage; 8·0 g dm−3 zeolite X increased ethanol concentration by 53·3%. © 1997 SCI.
Altered methional homoeostasis is associated with decreased apoptosis in BAF3 bcl2 murine lymphoid cells (1996)

Methional is a potent inducer of apoptosis in an interleukin 3-dependent murine lymphoid cell line BAF3 b0 when it is added to the culture medium. In these cells transfected with the bcl2 gene, BAF3 bcl2, the apoptotic-inducing activity of methional is dramatically reduced. The addition of disulfiram (an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase) in order to reduce methional oxidation brought about an increase in apoptosis in BAF3 b0 but not in BAF3 bcl2 cells. In contrast, the addition of quercetin (an inhibitor of aldehyde reductase) in an attempt to diminish methional reduction increased apoptosis in both BAF3 b0 and BAF3 bcl2 cells. The extent of DNA fragmentation in BAF3 bcl2 cells approached that in BAF3 b0 cells in the presence of quercetin and exogenous methional, suggesting a defect in methional biosynthesis in BAF3 bcl2 cells. Direct evidence for this was obtained by measuring labelled methional in cells incubated with the sodium, salt of [U-14C]4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid (MTOB), the precursor of methional. The 80% decrease in labelled methional in BAF3 bcl2 compared with BAF3 b0 cells was accompanied by a concomitant rise in the transamination of [14C]MTOB to [14C]methionine in BAF3 bcl2 cells. Inhibition of the transaminase, however, by a synthetic transition-state-type compound, pyridoxal-L-methionine ethyl ester, induced apoptosis in BAF3 b0 but not in BAF3 bcl2 cells, confirming that the defect in BAF3 bcl2 cells was not in the transaminase itself but rather in the oxidative decarboxylation step MTOB --> methional. In addition, no evidence was obtained for the synthesis of [14C]malondialdehyde from [14C]methional in BAF3 bcl2 cells. As these cells show no deficiency in their content of reactive oxygen species compared with that of BAF3 b0 cells, they may possess some other defect in the beta-hydroxylase enzyme system itself.
Valse meeldauw en bladvlekken in ui (2000)

Onderzoek naar het werkingsspectrum en de werkingsduur van fungiciden tegen valse meeldauw (Peronospora destructor) en bladvlekken (Botrytis squamosa) in ui. De waarschuwingssystemen BOTCAST (bladvlekken) en DOWNCAST (valse meeldauw) zijn een waardevolle aanvulling voor de bestrijdingsstrategie
Serotonin 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Alzheimers Disease (2008)

Recently, the serotonin 5-HT(6) receptor has been identified as a drug target for attenuating cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, this receptor may also play a role in schizophrenia, anxiety and obesity. Reports in the literature suggest that the production of selective antagonists for the 5-HT(6) receptor has increased during the last 10 years, with some compounds currently in clinical trials for the treatment of AD. In this review, we will address the rationale for using 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists in AD, as well as report on current advances in the understanding of the structure-activity relationships required to synthesize 5-HT(6) receptor antagonists.
Effects of Various Dietary Amino Acid Preparations for Phenylketonuric Patients on the Metabolic Profiles along with Postprandial Insulin and Ghrelin Responses (2007)

An oral AA bolus together with macronutrients retards hyperaminoacidemia, displays a higher insulin secretion, normoglycemia, and more stable ghrelin concentrations, whereas the pure AA tested here exerted weaker anabolic effects.
Simultaneous Induction of CD4 T Cell Tolerance and CD8 T Cell Immunity by Semimature Dendritic Cells (2005)

Previous studies suggested that depending on their maturation state, dendritic cells (DC) could either induce T cell tolerance (immature and semimature DC) or T cell activation (mature DC). Pretreatment of C57BL/6 mice with encephalitogenic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)(35-55) peptide-loaded semimature DC protected from MOG-induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This protection was mediated by IL-10-producing CD4 T cells specific for the self Ag. Here we show that semimature DC loaded with the MHC class II-restricted nonself peptide Ag (OVA) induce an identical regulatory T cell cytokine pattern. However, semimature DC loaded simultaneously with MHC class II- and MHC class I-restricted peptides, could efficiently initiate CD8 T cell responses leading to autoimmune diabetes in a TCR-transgenic adoptive transfer model. Double-peptide-loaded semimature DC also induced simultaneously in the same animal partially activated CD8 T cells with cytolytic function as well as protection from MOG-induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our study suggests that the decision between tolerance and immunity not only depends on the DC, but also on the type and activation requirements of the responding T cell.
High-order harmonic generation with an annular laser beam (1994)

High-order harmonics have been generated by the use of an annular laser beam. The nonlinearity of harmonic production and the shorter wavelengths involved cause the harmonics to emerge strongly peaked on the laser axis. Thus the harmonics emerge from the focus inside the missing portion of the laser beam. This permits the laser to be blocked by an aperture that passes the harmonics.
Ultrasound‐enhanced lactose hydrolysis in milk fermentation with Lactobacillus bulgaricus (1996)

The effects of ultrasonic irradiation during milk fermentation have been investigated in terms of the cell viability, β-galactosidase activity, the pH value of the culture medium, the degree of lactose hydrolysis and glucose content. The results showed that the ultrasonic irradiation caused the intracellular β-galactosidase to be released from the lactic acid bacteria cells. The released β-galactosidase showed a higher lactose hydrolysis activity than that in the cells. The β-galactosidase that was released to the medium has been more effectively used in pH-controlled fermentation. The results also showed that the continuous sonication caused the cell viability to decrease, but the viable cell count was again increased with static incubation after sonication. High degrees of lactose hydrolysis and high cell viabilities were obtained with the combination of pH-controlled sonicated fermentation and static incubation.
Investment and Risk Analysis Applied to the Petroleum Industry (2000)

Abstract In Brazil, for the last four decades, Petrobras, a state-owned company, had retained a monopolistic concession for the exploration of Oil & Gas prospects, when, in 1998, the law was changed and a broad range of opportunities were created. Since then, Petrobras has been offering a series of Join Venture opportunities for foreign oil companies to farm in. Presently, a number of international oil companies installed offices locally and started to participate in the upstream sector. ANP, the National Petroleum Agency, is offering for tender various blocks both offshore and onshore. The first bid round was a major success, in mid 1999, the second bid round being scheduled for the third quarter of year 2,000. Blocks leased in the first bid round are now being explored by means of 2D and 3D seismic, and the first exploratory wells will be soon drilled. This article presents a framework to perform an economic evaluation of oil & gas prospects, taking into account the risk factor. The Net Present Value of each block is first computed based upon an average value. Following that, Monte Carlo simulation is used to compute the downside risk. The inputs are determined by means of probability distributions. Reservoir parameters, capital and operating costs and oil prices are fed into the program, revealing the NPV sensitivity to each factor. The problem is further structured by means of decision trees. The Expected Monetary Value, based upon perceived probabilities of success, is estimated, utility functions being used to account for risk aversion. The optimum level of participation in each prospect is determined, using the so- called Certainty Equivalent concept. Finally, the formation of an optimum portfolio is discussed, so that any oil company can establish its strategy in joint bids and farm ins. Four hypothetical prospects are evaluated; with different levels of investment and risk profiles, namely, from higher probability of success to new frontier, lower probability of success. The correspondence with real life may be, respectively, the Campos Basin, where 70% of Brazilian oil production comes from, and basins like Pelotas, where there are no producing wells, with little seismic available. The framework suggested in this work could be useful for any company that is currently involved with exploration activities. Additionally, it may be used for analyzing any investment with a certain degree of uncertainty or volatility.
Syndecan-1 is Strongly Expressed in the Anagen Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath and in the Dermal Papilla but Expression Diminishes With Involution of the Hair Follicle (2002)

Syndecan-1 is the prototypic member of a family of heparan sulfate-bearing cell surface proteoglycans that function in adhesion, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, migration, and proliferation. During embryogenesis, syndecan-1 expression in the epithelium is downregulated when the epithelium gives rise to motile mesenchymal cells, whereas mesenchymal syndecan-1 expression is upregulated during organ formation. In aggressive basal cell carcinomas, syndecan-1 expression is evident in the stroma. Some neoplastic cells induce stroma to meet needs for growth, and it may be the mesenchymal cells that produce and shed syndecan-1 into the stroma. The physiologic mechanism by which the hair follicle undergoes its cyclic process of involution and formation of a new active hair follicle is not well understood. Sixty scalp biopsies and a large scalp resection were evaluated for syndecan-1 expression within hair follicles in the growing (anagen), involuting (catagen), and resting (telogen) phases. Strong syndecan-1 immunoreactivity was evident in the outer root sheath (ORS) of the anagen hair follicle, but this expression diminished in intensity with the involution and resting stages in the hair follicle cycle. The diminution of syndecan-1 immunoreactivity in the ORS of involuting and resting hair follicles may be a result of terminal keratinocyte differentiation. Syndecan-1 was also present in the dermal papilla of the anagen hair follicle, where it may promote growth factor-mediated cell signaling that induces and maintains growth of the hair shaft and the inner root sheath.
Schlagzähe styrolpolymerisate (1967)

Abstract Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Aufbau schlagzäher Styrolpolymerisate und ihren Gebrauchseigenschaften wird eingehend erörtert. Diese Materialien bestehen aus einer Hartkomponente, z.B. Polystyrol, und einer in die Hartkomponente eingebetteten Weichkomponente, die im allgemeinen ein Kautschuk ist. Da diese Systeme aus mehreren Phasen bestehen, bestimmen die Größenverteilung und die Verankerung der Kautschukteilchen wesentlich die Eigenschaften. Auch das mechanisch‐thermische Verhalten des Kautschuks, insbesondere seine Einfriertemperatur, spielt eine große Rolle. Es wird gezeigt, daß man die Gebrauchseigenschaften durch Änderung der Herstellungsverfahren und durch die Auswahl geeigneter Kautschuke erheblich beeinflussen kann. Bei der Entwicklung von Produkten sind einige physikalisch‐chemische Untersuchungsmethoden von großem Nutzen, da sie eine gewisse Voraussage über die technologischen Gebrauchseigenschaften erlauben.