gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation in <scp>FKBP5</scp> associated with the extent of stress hormone dysregulation in major depression (2013)

The FK506 binding protein 51 or FKBP5 has been implicated in the regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) sensitivity, and genetic variants in this gene have been associated with mood and anxiety disorders. GR resistance and associated stress hormone dysregulation are among the most robust biological findings in major depression, the extent of which may be moderated by FKBP5 polymorphisms. FKBP5 mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells (baseline and following in vivo GR stimulation with 1.5 mg dexamethasone p.o.) was analyzed together with plasma cortisol, ACTH, dexamethasone levels and the FKBP5 polymorphism rs1360780 in 68 depressed patients and 87 healthy controls. We observed a significant (P = 0.02) interaction between disease status and FKBP5 risk allele carrier status (minor allele T) on GR-stimulated FKBP5 mRNA expression. Patients carrying the risk T allele, but not the CC genotype, showed a reduced induction of FKBP5 mRNA. This FKBP5 polymorphism by disease status interaction was paralleled by the extent of plasma cortisol and ACTH suppression following dexamethasone administration, with a reduced suppression only observed in depressed patients carrying the T allele. Only depressed patients carrying the FKBP5 rs1360780 risk allele showed significant GR resistance compared with healthy controls, as measured by dexamethasone-induced FKBP5 mRNA induction in peripheral blood cells and suppression of plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations. This finding suggests that endocrine alterations in depressed patients are determined by genetic variants and may allow identification of specific subgroups.
Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia enhances radiation therapy: A study in mouse models of human prostate cancer (2015)

PC3 and LAPC-4 tumours represent two biological models that demonstrate different patterns of nanoparticle retention and distribution, offering a model to make comparisons of these effects for mNPH. Modulating power for mNPH offers potential to overcome limitations of MIONP distribution to enhance mNPH.
Notes - Addition of Alcohols to Mesityl Oxide Using an Acid Ion Exchange Resin Catalyst (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Addition of Alcohols to Mesityl Oxide Using an Acid Ion Exchange Resin CatalystN. LoretteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 6, 937Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1958Publication History Published online27 May 2003Published inissue 1 June 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01100a628https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01100a628research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Studying structural phase transitions with X-ray thermal diffuse scattering (2010)

X-ray thermal diffuse scattering is a powerful probe of lattice dynamics. It is especially effective in the investigation of structural phase transitions. In this article, we review and compare recent experimental studies of the behaviour of phonons in connection with the structural phase transitions in TiSe2, SrTiO3 and Pu–Ga. A complete phonon softening is observed for the second-order transitions in TiSe2 and SrTiO3. By contrast, no phonon softening is detected for the first-order transition in Pu–Ga, which is unusual in comparison to other related systems.
Defective or effective? Mutualistic interactions between virus genotypes (2003)

Defective viruses lack genes essential for survival but they can co-infect with complete virus genotypes and use gene products from the complete genotype for their replication and transmission. As such, they are detrimental to the fitness of complete genotypes. Here, we describe a mutualistic interaction between genotypes of an insect baculovirus (nucleopolyhedrovirus of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera)) that increases the pathogenicity of the viral population. Mixtures of a complete genotype able to be transmitted orally and a deletion mutant unable to be transmitted orally resulted in a phenotype of increased pathogenicity. Because the infectiousness of mixed genotype infections was greater than that of single genotype infections, we predict that the transmissibility of mixed genotype occlusion bodies will be greater than that of any of their single genotype components. Such interactions will be subject to frequency-dependent selection and will influence the impact of these viruses on insect population dynamics and their efficacy as biological insecticides.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI600 induces salicylic acid dependent resistance in tomato plants against Tomato spotted wilt virus and Potato virus Y (2018)

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria have been proposed as effective biocontrol agents against several fungal and bacterial plant pathogens. However, there is limited knowledge regarding their effect against viruses. In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI600 (MBI600), active ingredient of the biological fungicide Serifel® (BASF SE), was tested for its antiviral action in tomato plants. Drench, foliar or soil amendment applications of MBI600 reduced up to 80% the incidence of Tomato spotted wilt virus under two different sets of environmental conditions. In addition, drench application of MBI600 delayed Potato virus Y systemic accumulation. Transcriptional analysis of a range of genes associated with salicylic acid (SA)- or jasmonic acid - related defense, priming or basal defense against viruses, revealed the induction of the SA signaling pathway in tomato after MBI600 treatment, and discrete gene expression patterns in plant response to TSWV and PVY infection.
Podophyllin-salicylic acid solution in treatment of basal cell carcinomas. (1966)

Four hundred ten basal cell carcinomas were treated by a procedure of curettement and the application of a podophyllin, salicylic acid solution. Eighty-four of these lesions were on the distal portion of the nose or the immediately adjacent cheeks, where the recurrence rate was 13%. The over-all recurrence rate was 5.1%. Therapeutic failures were limited to the face and ears.
Use of the ‘Precessions’™ process for prepolishing and correcting 2D & 2½D form (2006)

The Precessions process polishes complex surfaces from the ground state preserving the ground-in form, and subsequently rectifies measured form errors. Our first paper introduced the technology and focused on the novel tooling. In this paper we describe the unique CNC machine tools and how they operate in polishing and correcting form. Experimental results demonstrate both the '2D' and '2(1/2)D' form-correction modes, as applied to aspheres with rotationally-symmetric target-form.
Nanostructures and enhanced thermoelectric properties in Ce-filled skutterudite bulk materials (2006)

The nanostructures induced by uniaxial compression in Ce0.29Fe1.40Co2.60Sb11.24 bulk thermoelectric material is reported. High-resolution transmission electron microscope images reveal that the nanostructures consist of Ce0.31Fe1.38Co2.62Sb11.56 crystals and Fe0.34Co0.66Sb1.99 minicrystal/noncrystal with grain sizes about 5–20nm. It is shown that the Seebeck coefficient is increased by 21%, the phonon thermal conductivity is reduced by 19%, while the electrical conductivity rises slightly at 300K. This leads to a surprising increase in the power factor by 51%. The significant increase of Seebeck coefficient and the remarkable reduction of phonon thermal conductivity are believed to be due to quantum effect and size effect of the nanostructures, respectively.
Bioglass coatings and bioglass composites as implant materials (1985)

This article addresses three aspects of the mechanical and biological properties of bioreactive glasses. First, it describes the composition and the relationship between the composition and bonding and its influence on the bone bonding mechanism and the rate of bond formation. Second, the mechanical properties of bioglass are dealt with. It is shown that the approaches to use bioglass in highly stressed applications, have met with various degrees of success. Third, the issue of the effect of loading on the glass properties and, above all, on the glass bonding properties is discussed.
An Adjustable Quasi-Optical Bandpass Filter---Part II: Practical Considerations (1974)

This paper investigates the effects of using realistic grids on the performance of the adjustable quasi-optical bandpass filter presented in Part I. The theory given here is in excellent agreement with measurements performed on a three-grid filter in the 50-75-GHz band.
A Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient Schemes for Green Office Networks (2010)

Power consumption in office networks has become a major issue due to its running cost. In order to reduce the power consumption, several approaches have been proposed such as Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) and Energy Efficient Wireless aggregation (EEW). In this research, we develop an analytical model and apply the model to evaluate and compare performance of the existing technologies. The parameters of interest include the number and the average throughput of clients. Our analysis results show that EEW is more efficient than EEE with a small number of clients or low average throughput. Motivated by this result, we examine the possibility of conserving more power by introducing a combination of EEE and EEW, called EEEW. EEEW can take advantage of both EEE as well as EEW and should be very strong against the varying conditions of the network. We found that when the average throughput of clients is less than 0.5Mbps, the combination can save more than 66% of the power consumed by EEE. We also describe EEEWS, a combination of EEEW and link-sleep techniques which presents a further power saving potential.
Breaching peripheral tolerance promotes the production of HIV-1–neutralizing antibodies (2017)

A subset of characterized HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are polyreactive with additional specificities for self-antigens and it has been proposed immunological tolerance may present a barrier to their participation in protective humoral immunity. We address this hypothesis by immunizing autoimmune-prone mice with HIV-1 Envelope (Env) and characterizing the primary antibody response for HIV-1 neutralization. We find autoimmune mice generate neutralizing antibody responses to tier 2 HIV-1 strains with alum treatment alone in the absence of Env. Importantly, experimentally breaching immunological tolerance in wild-type mice also leads to the production of tier 2 HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies, which increase in breadth and potency following Env immunization. In both genetically prone and experimentally induced mouse models of autoimmunity, increased serum levels of IgM anti-histone H2A autoantibodies significantly correlated with tier 2 HIV-1 neutralization, and anti-H2A antibody clones were found to neutralize HIV-1. These data demonstrate that breaching peripheral tolerance permits a cross-reactive HIV-1 autoantibody response able to neutralize HIV-1.
An indirect workforce (re)allocation model for semiconductor manufacturing (2008)

Semiconductor industry is a capital intensive and knowledge intensive industry, in which human resource management and human capital enhancement is increasingly important. To maintain competitive human resource, it is critical to develop a decision framework for headcount planning and workforce allocation for indirect labors. Motivated by the needs in real setting, this study aims to develop a model for allocating indirect workforce among semiconductor fabrication facilities to meet expected outputs and labor productivity improvement. Workforce allocation and reallocation based on the overall corporate workforce level is essential so that the shortage or exceed workforce will be balanced among different production sites. The key to achieve this purpose is the proper understanding of real requirements of each production site according to its corresponding tasks assigned. Non-parametric activity analysis approach is used for the workforce requirement estimation given delegated tasks. The estimation is based on the best performance from the past with adjustments reflecting the expected productivity growth.
Early BCG-Denmark and Neonatal Mortality Among Infants Weighing <2500 g: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2017)

Background BCG vaccine may reduce overall mortality by increasing resistance to nontuberculosis infections. In 2 randomized trials in Guinea-Bissau of early BCG-Denmark (Statens Serum Institut) given to low-weight (LW) neonates (<2500 g at inclusion) to reduce infant mortality rates, we observed a very beneficial effect in the neonatal period. We therefore conducted the present trial to test whether early BCG-Denmark reduces neonatal mortality by 45%. We also conducted a meta-analysis of the 3 BCG-Denmark trials. Methods In 2008-2013, we randomized LW neonates to "early BCG-Denmark" (intervention group; n = 2083) or "control" (local policy for LW and no BCG-Denmark; n = 2089) at discharge from the maternity ward or at first contact with the health center. The infants were randomized (1:1) without blinding in blocks of 24. Data was analyzed in Cox hazards models providing mortality rate ratios (MRRs). We had prespecified an analysis censoring follow-up at oral poliovirus vaccine campaigns. Results Early administration of BCG-Denmark was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in neonatal mortality rate (MRR, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI],.47-1.04) and a 34% reduction (0.66;.44-1.00) when censoring for oral poliovirus vaccine campaigns. There was no reduction in mortality rate for noninfectious diseases, but a 43% reduction in infectious disease mortality rate (MRR, 0.57; 95% CI,.35-.93). A meta-analysis of 3 BCG trials showed that early BCG-Denmark reduced mortality by 38% (MRR, 0.62; 95% CI,.46-.83) within the neonatal period and 16% (0.84;.71-1.00) by age 12 months. Conclusion Early administration of BCG-Denmark in LW infants is associated with major reductions in mortality rate. It is important that all LW infants receive early BCG in areas with high neonatal mortality rates. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00625482.
10-Year Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer (2016)

At a median of 10 years, prostate-cancer-specific mortality was low irrespective of the treatment assigned, with no significant difference among treatments. Surgery and radiotherapy were associated with lower incidences of disease progression and metastases than was active monitoring. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research; ProtecT Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN20141297 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02044172 .).
Measurement of Shear Elasticity and Viscosity of Liquids at Ultrasonic Frequencies (1949)

It has long been suspected that if liquids were sheared sufficiently rapidly they would exhibit a shear elastic effect as well as a viscous effect. This supposition was verified recently by one of the writers (see reference 8) by employing a torsionally vibrating crystal and measuring the mechanical loading for the shear wave by observing the increased resistance at resonance and the change in the resonant frequency. By this method it was shown that long chain polymer liquids had shear configurational elasticities in the order of ${10}^{7}$ dynes/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. The use of a torsional crystal is limited in frequency to about 2 to 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{5}$ cycles on account of the small sizes needed. In the present paper the range of shear wave measurements in liquids has been extended up to 60 megacycles by observing the effect, on a series of shear waves in a fused quartz rod, of terminating the rod by a thin layer of a liquid. The shear wave in the rod is altered in magnitude and phase by the boundary layer impedance of the liquid. By observing the reflection loss and the change in phase caused by the liquid layer, a measure is obtained of the shear impedance of the liquid. By employing a fused quartz rod for which the shear wave strikes the reflecting surface at an angle from the normal of about 79 degrees, the effect of the shear wave impedance on the boundary is greatly enhanced and a more accurate measurement obtained. Both the torsional crystal and high frequency shear wave techniques applied to polyisobutylene and poly-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-methyl-styrene liquids, show that there are two main relaxation frequencies in these liquids. At frequencies under 100 kc, the shear stiffness is in the order of 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{7}$ dynes/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$, while in the high megacycle range it has increased to 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{9}$ dynes/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. The low shear elasticity appears to be associated with a composite motion of molecular rotation and translation that allows a configurational change to occur from the most probable chain shape. When the shear stress is removed, the molecule quickly returns to its most probable shape. This results in a low shear stiffness. At high frequencies this motion cannot take place, and the shear stiffness is determined by motions within single potential wells, and the value approaches that for a crystal. It is shown that the dispersion for longitudinal waves measured recently (see reference 11) is primarily due to the shear mechanisms investigated.
A Deep-Reinforcement Learning Approach for Software-Defined Networking Routing Optimization (2017)

In this paper we design and evaluate a Deep-Reinforcement Learning agent that optimizes routing. Our agent adapts automatically to current traffic conditions and proposes tailored configurations that attempt to minimize the network delay. Experiments show very promising performance. Moreover, this approach provides important operational advantages with respect to traditional optimization algorithms.
The Role of Positron Emission Tomography in Pharmacokinetic Analysis (1997)

The physiological and biochemical measurements that can be performed noninvasively in humans with modern imaging techniques offer great promise for defining the precise state of a patient's disease and its response to therapy. In general, there are two critical points in drug development when PET measurements are likely to be particularly useful: (1) In preclinical studies, a new drug can be precisely compared to standard therapies or a series of analogs can be screened for further development on the basis of performance in appropriate animal models. (2) In phase I-II human studies, classic pharmacokinetic measurements can be coupled with imaging measurements (a) to define optimal dosing schedule; (b) to define the potential utility of interventions in particular clinical situations; and (c) to formulate the design of phase III studies that are crucial for drug licensure. In general, the types of measurements that are possible can be grouped into the following categories: 1. In those situations in which the drug can be radiolabeled, the time course of tissue delivery can be determined noninvasively in vivo in health and disease. Such information should be useful for determining dosing schedules, establishing efficacy, and predicting possible toxicity. 2. Ligand-receptor binding can be assessed in vivo in two ways. The ability of the drug to displace standard radiolabeled ligands from their receptors can be determined; alternatively, labeled drug can be used to more directly assess the distribution and time course of binding. These measurements are particularly useful for studying drugs that are active in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. 3. Measurements of tissue metabolism will be useful in determining the effects of therapies aimed at particular metabolic abnormalities. In addition, these measurements may be useful in defining viability and function of tissues in such widely disparate clinical situations as cancer chemotherapy and cardiology. For example, effects of CNS or cardiovascular drugs can be monitored by observing 18FDG metabolism in brain and heart. We suggest that the joining of classic clinical pharmacology to exquisite imaging measurements will help form the basis for 21st-century clinical drug development.
577. The chemical composition of the colostrum and milk of the sow (1955)

1. Detailed analyses for the major constituents of the colostrum and milk of four sows are reported. In all cases the initial colostrum is characterized by a very high protein, and a low lactose and fat content. As with the colostrum of other species, the transition to milk occurs progressively during the course of about 4–7 days. 2. Analyses for mineral constituents, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and chloride are reported on a range of samples covering the whole lactation of two sows. In contrast to the ash of the colostrum of most other species, the ash of the colostrum of the sow is lower than that of normal milk, and as lactation is established there is a rise in the total ash content, and in its main constituents, calcium and phosphorus.
Electrochemical Studies of Three Dimensional Graphene Foam as an Electrode Material (2017)

Abstract Graphene foam is one kind of network of three dimensional (3D) graphene, which inherits the properties of two dimensional graphene and overcomes the aggregation/stacking of graphene sheets. In this work, graphene foam has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. A graphene foam electrode was evaluated as a new electrode material by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and used for the detection of trace level of Pb 2+ by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Under the optimized condition of deposition potential (‐1.2 V) and deposition time (2 min), the detection limit is estimated to be 40 nM for Pb 2+ based on the 3σ method.
Phase‐Separation‐Induced Micropatterned Polymer Surfaces and Their Applications (2005)

Abstract We report a route to fabricate micropatterned polymer films with micro‐ or nanometer‐scale surface concavities by spreading polymer solutions on a non‐solvent surface. The route is simple, versatile, highly efficient, low‐cost, and easily accessible. The concavity density of the patterned films is tuned from 10 6 to 10 9 features cm –2 , and the concavity size is controlled in the range from several micrometers to less than 100 nm, by changing the film‐forming parameters including the polymer concentration, the temperature of the non‐solvent and the interactions between polymer, solvent, and non‐solvent. We further demonstrate that these concavity‐patterned films have significantly enhanced hydrophobicity, owing to the existence of the surface concavities, and their hydrophobicity could be controlled by the concavity density. These films have been used as templates to successfully fabricate convex‐patterned polymer films, inorganic TiO 2 microparticles, and NaCl nanocrystals. Their other potential applications are also discussed.