gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of three different specimen types (serum, plasma lithium heparin and serum gel separator) for analysis of certain analytes: clinical significance of differences in results and efficiency in use (2006)

We concluded that the serum gel tube has advantages over plain serum and plasma tubes for measurement of the analytes investigated in this study, with the exception of phenytoin. In practice, the gel tubes demonstrate enhanced analyte stability and reduce the need to aliquot specimens, with greater protection against possible contamination. Further investigation would be required to evaluate a broader range of analytes.
Applying Prediction Techniques to Reduce Uplink Transmission and Energy Requirements in Mobile Free-Viewpoint Video Applications (2010)

The increased efficiency of video compression algorithms, the improvements registered in reliability, data rates and quality of service of wireless transmission technologies, and the development of mobile multimedia terminals have made possible the implementation of Free-Viewpoint Video (FVV) technology on mobile platforms. The mobile environment however presents several restrictions. Two of these limiting factors being bandwidth constraints and energy availability in battery-operated mobile terminals. This paper looks at the possibility of employing prediction algorithms at the FVV server to anticipate the next viewpoint expected by the user. In doing so, the number of uplink requests is reduced to situations where the estimated view defers from the requested one and the associated transmissions required in retraining the algorithm once this occurs. Simulation results on two different prediction techniques demonstrate that the uplink transmission rate is reduced by up to 96.7% when emulating a conventional FVV usage scenario. Both prediction algorithms infer a substantial decrease in the mobile terminal's power consumption and reduce the network's uplink bandwidth utilization.
Thermal-aware optimizations of reRAM-based neuromorphic computing systems (2018)

ReRAM-based systems are attractive implementation alternatives for neuromorphic computing because of their high speed and low design cost. In this work, we investigate the impact of temperature on the ReRAM-based neuromorphic architectures and show how varying temperatures have a negative impact on the computation accuracy. We first classify ReRAM crossbar cells based on their temperature and identify effective neural network weights that have large impacts on network outputs. Then, we propose a novel temperature-aware training and mapping scheme to prevent the effective weights from being mapped to hot cells to restore the system accuracy. Evaluation results for a two-layer neural network show that our scheme can improve the system accuracy by up to 39.2%.
A Quasi-Optical Method for Measuring the Complex Permittivity of Materials (1984)

A quasi-optical method for measuring the complex permittivity of materials is described. The determination is derived from measurements of the transmission of a perpendicularly polarized wave through a dielectric slab at different angles of incidence. This relatively simple method is quite sensitive. Accurate estimates of the relative permittivity and the loss tangent can be obtained by accurately measuring the frequency of the signal and by the use of large, precisely machined Fabry-Perot plates. Estimates of the standard errors in the determinations are obtained by using a bootstrap resampling technique. The measurements here are made at a frequency of 93.788 GHz at ambient temperature.
Crystallographic Analysis of Bacterial Signal Peptidase in Ternary Complex with Arylomycin A<sub>2</sub> and a β-Sultam Inhibitor (2009)

Bacterial type I signal peptidase (SPase I), an essential membrane-bound endopeptidase with a unique Ser/Lys dyad mechanism, is being investigated as a potential novel antibiotic target. We present here binding and inhibition assays along with crystallographic data that shows that the lipohexapeptide-based natural product arylomycin A2 and the morpholino-beta-sultam derivative (BAL0019193) inhibit SPase I by binding to non-overlapping subsites near the catalytic center. The 2.0 A resolution crystal structure of the soluble catalytic domain of Escherichia coli SPase I (SPase I Delta2-75) in ternary complex with arylomycin A2 and BAL0019193 reveals the position of BAL0019193 adjacent to arylomycin A2 within the SPase I binding site. BAL0019193 binds in a noncovalent manner in close proximity to SPase I residues Ser88, Ser90, Lys145, Asn277, Ala279, and Glu307, as well as atom O45 of arylomycin A2. The binding mode of arylomycin A2 in this 2.0 A resolution ternary complex is compared to that seen in the previous 2.5 A resolution arylomycin A2-SPase cocrystal structure. This work contributes to our understanding of SPase I inhibitor/substrate recognition and should prove helpful in the further development of novel antibiotics based on the inhibition of SPase I.
Optimization of High-Pressure Ultrasonic-Assisted Simultaneous Extraction of Six Major Constituents from Ligusticum chuanxiong Rhizome using Response Surface Methodology (2014)

High-pressure ultrasound-assisted extraction technology was applied to extract ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H, senkyunolide A, ligustilide and levistolide A from Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizomes. Seven independent variables, including solvent type, pressure, particle size, liquid-to-solid ratio, extraction temperature, ultrasound power, and extraction time were examined. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using a Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to optimize the experimental conditions (extraction temperature, ultrasonic power, and extraction time) on the basis of the results of single factor tests for the extraction of these six major components in L. chuanxiong rhizomes. The experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis and were also examined using appropriate statistical methods. The best extraction conditions were as follows: extraction solvent: 40% ethanol; pressure: 10 MPa; particle size: 80 mesh; liquid-to-solid ratio: 100:1; extraction temperature: 70 °C; ultrasonic power, 180 W; and extraction time, 74 min.
STIM1 controls T cell–mediated immune regulation and inflammation in chronic infection (2015)

Chronic infections induce a complex immune response that controls pathogen replication, but also causes pathology due to sustained inflammation. Ca2+ influx mediates T cell function and immunity to infection, and patients with inherited mutations in the gene encoding the Ca2+ channel ORAI1 or its activator stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) are immunodeficient and prone to chronic infection by various pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Here, we demonstrate that STIM1 is required for T cell-mediated immune regulation during chronic Mtb infection. Compared with WT animals, mice with T cell-specific Stim1 deletion died prematurely during the chronic phase of infection and had increased bacterial burdens and severe pulmonary inflammation, with increased myeloid and lymphoid cell infiltration. Although STIM1-deficient T cells exhibited markedly reduced IFN-γ production during the early phase of Mtb infection, bacterial growth was not immediately exacerbated. During the chronic phase, however, STIM1-deficient T cells displayed enhanced IFN-γ production in response to elevated levels of IL-12 and IL-18. The lack of STIM1 in T cells was associated with impaired activation-induced cell death upon repeated TCR engagement and pulmonary lymphocytosis and hyperinflammation in Mtb-infected mice. Chronically Mtb-infected, STIM1-deficient mice had reduced levels of inducible regulatory T cells (iTregs) due to a T cell-intrinsic requirement for STIM1 in iTreg differentiation and excessive production of IFN-γ and IL-12, which suppress iTreg differentiation and maintenance. Thus, STIM1 controls multiple aspects of T cell-mediated immune regulation to limit injurious inflammation during chronic infection.
Enhancing the Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity through the Bifunctionality of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/Metal Catalysts (2012)

Active in alkaline environment: The activity of nickel, silver, and copper catalysts for the electrochemical transformation of water to molecular hydrogen in alkaline solutions was enhanced by modification of the metal surfaces by Ni(OH)(2) (see picture; I = current density and η = overpotential). The hydrogen evolution reaction rate on a Ni electrode modified by Ni(OH)(2) nanoclusters is about four times higher than on a bare Ni surface.
Analysis of high polymers (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAnalysis of high polymersJohn. Mitchell and Jen. ChiuCite this: Anal. Chem. 1971, 43, 5, 267–334Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60300a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60300a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1573Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extensive Symmetrical Transcription of Simian Virus 40 DNA in Virus-Yielding Cells (1972)

Rapidly labeled RNA was extracted from monkey cells after infection with Simian Virus 40 (SV40) and exposure to short pulses of [5-(3)H]uridine late in infection. When this RNA was self-annealed, it became resistant to digestion with ribonuclease. The fraction of RNA that resisted the ribonuclease treatment decreased with increased labeling time, or when a short pulse of radioactivity was followed by incubation with unlabeled uridine and actinomycin D. The RNase-resistant RNA was isolated by chromatography on Sephadex G-100 and shown to be double-stranded by its susceptibility to ribonuclease as a function of salt concentration and temperature. This behavior was not due to RNA-DNA hybrid formation, since deoxyribonuclease had no effect upon the double-stranded molecules, even after their denaturation. The relation of the double-stranded RNA to SV40 was demonstrated by the hybridization of about 50% (corrected value, >90%) of the separated RNA strands with component I of SV40 DNA from plaque-purified virus. After self-annealing in formamide at low temperature, about 10% of the rapidly labeled, viral RNA sedimented at 13 S. This value corresponds in size to about 60% of the SV40 DNA.These observations indicate that late in infection of monkey cells, SV40 DNA is transcribed symmetrically over a considerable portion of its length, and that subsequently some sequences from one or both of the RNA strands are degraded.
Simulating STEM Imaging of Nanoparticles in Micrometers-Thick Substrates (2010)

Scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) images of three-dimensional (3D) samples were simulated. The samples consisted of a micrometer(s)-thick substrate and gold nanoparticles at various vertical positions. The atomic number (Z) contrast as obtained via the annular dark-field detector was generated. The simulations were carried out using the Monte Carlo method in the CASINO software (freeware). The software was adapted to include the STEM imaging modality, including the noise characteristics of the electron source, the conical shape of the beam, and 3D scanning. Simulated STEM images of nanoparticles on a carbon substrate revealed the influence of the electron dose on the visibility of the nanoparticles. The 3D datasets obtained by simulating focal series showed the effect of beam broadening on the spatial resolution and on the signal-to-noise ratio. Monte Carlo simulations of STEM imaging of nanoparticles on a thick water layer were compared with experimental data by programming the exact sample geometry. The simulated image corresponded to the experimental image, and the signal-to-noise levels were similar. The Monte Carlo simulation strategy described here can be used to calculate STEM images of objects of an arbitrary geometry and amorphous sample composition. This information can then be used, for example, to optimize the microscope settings for imaging sessions where a low electron dose is crucial for the design of equipment, or for the analysis of the composition of a certain specimen.
Imputation of Variants from the 1000 Genomes Project Modestly Improves Known Associations and Can Identify Low-frequency Variant - Phenotype Associations Undetected by HapMap Based Imputation (2013)

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have been limited by the reliance on common variants present on microarrays or imputable from the HapMap Project data. More recently, the completion of the 1000 Genomes Project has provided variant and haplotype information for several million variants derived from sequencing over 1,000 individuals. To help understand the extent to which more variants (including low frequency (1% ≤ MAF <5%) and rare variants (<1%)) can enhance previously identified associations and identify novel loci, we selected 93 quantitative circulating factors where data was available from the InCHIANTI population study. These phenotypes included cytokines, binding proteins, hormones, vitamins and ions. We selected these phenotypes because many have known strong genetic associations and are potentially important to help understand disease processes. We performed a genome-wide scan for these 93 phenotypes in InCHIANTI. We identified 21 signals and 33 signals that reached P<5×10(-8) based on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputation, respectively, and 9 and 11 that reached a stricter, likely conservative, threshold of P<5×10(-11) respectively. Imputation of 1000 Genomes genotype data modestly improved the strength of known associations. Of 20 associations detected at P<5×10(-8) in both analyses (17 of which represent well replicated signals in the NHGRI catalogue), six were captured by the same index SNP, five were nominally more strongly associated in 1000 Genomes imputed data and one was nominally more strongly associated in HapMap imputed data. We also detected an association between a low frequency variant and phenotype that was previously missed by HapMap based imputation approaches. An association between rs112635299 and alpha-1 globulin near the SERPINA gene represented the known association between rs28929474 (MAF = 0.007) and alpha1-antitrypsin that predisposes to emphysema (P = 2.5×10(-12)). Our data provide important proof of principle that 1000 Genomes imputation will detect novel, low frequency-large effect associations.
The Etiology and Treatment of Delayed Bleeding Following Percutaneous Lithotripsy (1985)

In 1,032 percutaneous stone manipulations the incidence of significant, documented or presumed vascular injuries was 0.9 per cent. Seven cases of pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula or vascular lacerations were found, all of which were diagnosed angiographically. The patients were treated successfully with transcatheter embolization techniques. Two additional patients experienced delayed bleeding, presumably from vascular injuries, which resolved spontaneously with conservative therapy. Arteriography should be performed in these patients with serious postoperative bleeding. Embolization of the peripheral vessel is preferable to flank exploration.
Save power in AC induction motors (1977)

Relatively simple and inexpensive circuitry improves power factor and reduces power dissipation in induction motors operating below full load. Electronic control loop conserves energy by reducing voltage applied to lightly loaded motor. Circuit forces motor to run at constant predetermined optimum power factor, regardless of load or line voltage variations. Solid-state switch varies voltage.
Microwave-Assisted Rapid Synthesis of 2,6,9-Substituted Purines (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReportNEXTMicrowave-Assisted Rapid Synthesis of 2,6,9-Substituted PurinesHe Huang, Hong Liu, Kaixian Chen, and Hualiang JiangView Author Information Drug Discovery and Design Centre, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China Cite this: J. Comb. Chem. 2007, 9, 2, 197–199Publication Date (Web):February 7, 2007Publication History Received26 November 2006Published online7 February 2007Published inissue 1 March 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cc060155ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/cc060155obrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views907Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Aromatic compounds,Electromagnetic radiation,Organometallic reactions,Substitution reactions Get e-Alerts
Increased OPF code development efficiency by integration of general purpose optimization and derivative computation tools (2000)

This paper describes a new approach for solving OPF problems, using a combination of "black-box" tools for optimization and automatic code-generation for first order derivatives. The efficiency of the new code is evaluated in terms of maintainability, flexibility and speed. These code properties are relevant and useful considering the increasing need for easy-to-handle sofware tools, to integrate new models and objectives derived from the new open energy market environment, with only standardized, minimal changes for the software developer.
Flashlamp pumping systems for dye lasers (review) (1987)

The elements of flashlamp pumping systems for dye lasers, including laser cells, flashlamps, discharge circuits, and laser reflectors in lasers with longitudinal and transverse pumping of the dye and also in lasers with high pulse repetition frequencies, are described. The problems associated with the appearance of different types of inhomogeneities, produced by the characteristic features of lamp-pumping of dyes, in the active medium are analyzed and the methods employed to neutralize them are described. The best parameters of lamp-pumped dye lasers, achieved thus far in research and development, are indicated.
<I>Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebral Blood Volume, and Cerebral Capillary Permeability in Glioma-bearing Rats</I> (1990)

Effective chemotherapy and radiation therapy of brain tumors require knowledge of the cerebral circulatory dynamics involved. In this study, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and regional cerebral capillary permeability (rCP) were measured in Wistar King Aptekman rats bearing experimental KEG-1 gliomas. These parameters were assessed by autoradiography with 14C-iodoantipyrine, 14C-deoxyglucose-labeled red blood cells, and 14C-aminoisobutyric acid, respectively. rCBF within the tumor was approximately one third that in the contralateral cortex and was consistently higher in the periphery than in the center of the tumor. In the periphery of the tumor, rCBV was approximately twice that in the contralateral cortex, but it was very low in the center of the tumor. Throughout the tumor, rCP was sharply increased relative to that measured in the contralateral cortex, and the increase was especially pronounced in the central portion. Thus, rCBF, rCBV, and rCP each appeared to vary within the tumor, implying that the combined use of lipid- and water-soluble chemotherapeutic agents is reasonable. Measurement of these parameters may also provide indices of radiation sensitivity.
Modification of the germanium oxidation process by aluminum adatoms (1982)

Ultrathin (nominal thickness 0.4–2 Å) aluminum overlayers dramatically increase the oxidation rate of Ge(111) surfaces. The resulting chemisorption phase does not correspond to any of the known oxides of Ge or Al. This new phase is likely to provide a stable interface between Ge and GeO2.
Scroll Editing: An On-Line Algorithm for Manipulating Long Character Strings (1970)

An algorithm that runs on a 2048-word LINC provides efficient on-line editing of character strings virtually unlimited in length. Fixed-address LINC tape holds the character sequence in the manner of a scroll. Edited characters are spliced directly in or out of the scroll as it moves across a display scope under the viewer's control. A 512-character "playground" created at the splice point provides sufficient ease to permit changing the scroll contents dynamically, and thereby simplifies several problems commonly associated with on-line editing. Compensatory inserting and deleting are practical. Inserted characters require no special identification and scroll maintenance is automatic. Editing commands for simple editorial functions and editorial text identifiers are eliminated, and the number of characters that can be inserted anywhere is limited only by the total length of the scroll. Line numbers, if provided, are resequenced automatically as the scroll contents change. As little as 2 percent of the scroll is manipulated in the memory at a time. Despite the relatively slow transfer characteristics of the tape, performance is satisfactory on a LINC for scrolls up to 23 040 characters and is not strongly dependent on the size of the playground.