gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Natural Gases with Their Sources: Chapter 16: Part IV. Identification and Characterization (1994)

Natural gases are derived from biogenic and nonbiogenic sources through diverse processes, including bacterial formation, catagenesis, hydrothermal/geothermal activity, and to an unknown degree, primordial or mantle emissions. Exploration for natural gas is aimed principally at accumulations of fossil fuel hydrocarbons, but other gas accumulations, notably those of noble gases, can also be economic targets. Investigators use the chemical and physical properties of these natural gases to identify and characterize the petroleum system using geochemical tools. Three categories of geochemical tools are commonly used to correlate natural gases to their sources and to others gases: (1) gas concentration, (2) molecular composition, and (3) stable isotope ratios. Analytical routi es are frequently applied to samples from near-surface sediments/soils and seepages, drill cuttings and cores, and oil and gas accumulations, all of which can be used to demonstrate the stratigraphic and geographic extent of a petroleum system. Light hydrocarbons are the predominant compounds used to classify natural gases. Associated and co-genetic nonhydrocarbons, such as CO2, N2, H2S, He, and Rn, however, can also provide ancillary information that can help identify the appropriate source of active source rock. Interpretative schemes, combining concentration and composition, are founded extensively on empirical observations of natural gas occurrences. Significant, measurable, and predictable differences among the various gas types provide the basis for these geochemical tools to identify and characterize primary gases, which are the original, unaltered gases from a single source of active source rock. These tools can also differentiate them from secondary gases, which are mixtures of diffe ent gas types or are primary gases with altered signatures due to oxidation or migration. In addition, natural gas fingerprints can be used to estimate the type and thermal maturity of the organic matter or kerogen sourcing the hydrocarbons. For fingerprinting gases, stable isotope ratios of the light hydrocarbons are key diagnostic parameters.
Synthesis of Casein-Related Peptides and Phosphopeptides. IV. Phosphorotriester and 'Phosphite-Triester' Phosphorylation of Protected Serine-Containing Peptides (1990)

The phosphorylation of Ac-Ser- NHMe or Ac- Gly-Ser-Gly-NHMe with diphenyl phosphorochloridate /pyridine gave diphenyl hydrogen phosphate in high yield instead of the expected-Ser(PO3Ph2)-peptide. A 31P n.m.r . spectroscopy study of the phosphorylation reaction established that, with the use of diphenyl phosphorochloridate in pyridine, the intermediate diphenyl phosphoro-N-pyridinium chloride was the active phosphorylation species and that phosphorylation of the hydroxy group of Ac-Ser- NHMe or Ac- Gly-Ser-Gly-NHMe was followed by rapid dephosphorylation of the O-( diphenylphosphono ) seryl residue. While diethyl phosphorochloridate /pyridine phosphorylation of Ac-Ser- NHMe also did not give Ac-Ser(PO3Et2)- NHMe, both the two-step ( i ) diethyl phosphorochloridite /pyridine, (ii) iodine/water and the two-step (i) diethyl N,N-diethylphosphoramidite/1H-tetrazole, (ii) iodine/water 'phosphite-triester' phosphorylation of Ac-Ser- NHMe gave Ac- Ser(PO3Et2)- NHMe in high yield.
Three component synthesis of oxa-bridged tetracyclic tetrahydroquinolines (2001)

Bridged tetracyclic tetrahydroquinoline is synthesized by a novel one-pot three component condensation of an ortho-amino cinnamate, alpha-isocyano acetamide and an aldehyde.
SLIDE-TEST FOR COAGULASE-POSITIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI (1943)

Journal Article SLIDE-TEST FOR COAGULASE-POSITIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI Get access B. Cadness-Graves, B. Cadness-Graves Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Williams, R. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. J. Harper, G. J. Harper Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. A. Miles A. A. Miles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 1, Issue 8, October 1943, Page 91, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070244 Published: 01 October 1943
Smart Coaching: Enhancing Weightlifting and Preventing Injuries (2019)

Getting injured is one of the most devastating and dangerous challenges that an athlete can go through and if it is a big injury it could end his/her athletic career. In this paper, we propose a system to automate the idea of coaching an athlete, by using an IR Camera (Microsoft Kinect Xbox 360) to detect the misplaced joints of the athlete while doing the lift, and alerting the athlete before an injury can occur. We are now able to detect if the lift was correct or wrong and to detect what kind of mistake has been done in the lift by the athlete by using the Fast Dynamic time warping (FastDTW) method. The FastDTW method has outperformed other classification methods and can achieve recognition with 100% accuracy for dependent user movements.
Correction of pseudoexon splicing caused by a novel intronic dysferlin mutation (2019)

Deep intronic mutations can be a common underlying cause of dysferlinopathy, and importantly, could be treatable with AON-based exon-skipping strategies.
Simulated isobaric annealing (2002)

A simulated annealing algorithm for wire placement is proposed in which annealing is carried out under conditions of constant interconnection pressure rather than constant area. This is achieved by modifying the Metropolis criterion so that changes in the Gibbs free energy of the wires are calculated. This enables the area of the array devoted to wiring to decrease as the average wire length is reduced during the annealing schedule. The definition of interconnection pressure follows naturally from the thermodynamic interpretation of simulated annealing and it is shown to be equivalent to a wiring figure of merit called the channel density. The paper ends by speculating on the use of wire pressure to determine the phase transition temperature between the "gas" and "liquid" state of the system.
Correction: A Sequence Polymorphism in MSTN Predicts Sprinting Ability and Racing Stamina in Thoroughbred Horses (2010)

Variants of the MSTN gene encoding myostatin are associated with muscle hypertrophy phenotypes in a range of mammalian species, most notably cattle, dogs, mice, and humans. Using a sample of registered Thoroughbred horses (n = 148), we have identified a novel MSTN sequence polymorphism that is strongly associated (g.66493737C.T, P = 4.85610 28 ) with best race distance among elite racehorses (n = 79). This observation was independently validated (P = 1.91610 26 ) in a resampled group of Thoroughbreds (n = 62) and in a cohort of Thoroughbreds (n = 37, P = 0.0047) produced by the same trainer. We observed that C/C horses are suited to fast, short-distance races; C/T horses compete favorably in middle-distance races; and T/T horses have greater stamina. Evaluation of retrospective racecourse performance (n = 142) and stallion progeny performance predict that C/C and C/T horses are more likely to be successful two-year-old racehorses than T/T animals. Here we describe for the first time the identification of a gene variant in Thoroughbred racehorses that is predictive of genetic potential for an athletic phenotype.
Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Three Fluorinated Polyimides Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2010)

Fluorinated polyimides are interesting polymer materials for gas separation applications because of their good mechanical, thermal, and transport properties. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations (MD) of CO2 sorption and desorption in three fluorinated polyimides: 6FDA-6FpDA, 6FDA-6FmDA, and 6FDA-DAM. These polyimides are known to vary significantly in their gas permeation properties. A stepwise procedure was used to insert CO2 molecules into the previously prepared polymer matrices in order to mimick the experimental procedure of progressive loading and to avoid the necessity of preswelling the samples. An iterative technique was then used to estimate the vapor pressure of CO2 that would have to be applied in order to obtain the imposed uptake. The resulting sorption isotherms are found to be in relatively good agreement with their respective experimental curves, and the trend in solubility was reproduced (6FDA-DAM > 6FDA-6FpDA > 6FDA-6FmDA). Desorption isotherms were also calculated starting from systems corresponding to an applied pressure of 60 bar. Hysteresis was evident even upon immediate unloading. Changes in volume, void space, potential energies, etc., have been characterized and compared to experimental data and to theories of gas sorption and plasticization in glassy polymers.
Electronic spectra and chemical reactivity (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic spectra and chemical reactivityRalph G. PearsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 7, 2092–2097Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00215a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00215a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views468Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determination of a transcriptional regulator-like gene involved in biosynthesis of elsinochrome phytotoxin by the citrus scab fungus, Elsinoë fawcettii (2008)

Elsinochromes are nonhost-selective, light-activated, polyketide-derived toxins produced by many phytopathogenic Elsinoë species. We recently showed that the polyketide synthase-encoding gene EfPKS1 is essential for elsinochrome biosynthesis in the citrus scab fungus Elsinoë fawcettii. Sequence analysis beyond the EfPKS1 gene identified nine putative ORFs: four genes, designated RDT1, TSF1, PRF1 and ECT1, all encode polypeptides likely to have biosynthetic or efflux functions; five additional genes, OXR1 and EfHP1 to EfHP4, encode hypothetical proteins of unknown function. Northern-blot analysis revealed that expression of these genes in E. fawcettii was not completely correlated with accumulation of elsinochromes under nitrogen limitation, alkaline pH or high concentrations of glucose. Targeted disruption of the TSF1 gene, encoding a putative transcriptional activator, yielded fungal mutants unable to produce elsinochromes, and defective in both conidiation and expression of RDT1, EfPKS1, PRF1 and EfHP1, whereas expression of RDT1, TSF1, PRF1 and ECT1 was nearly abolished in EfPKS1-disrupted mutants. By contrast, expression of OXR1, EfHP2 and EfHP3 was not affected by disrupting either EfPKS1 or TSF1. Taken together, the results indicate that in addition to polyketide synthase, the products of TSF1 and other adjacent genes may also play a crucial role in elsinochrome production.
fhuC and fhuD genes for iron (III)-ferrichrome transport into Escherichia coli K-12 (1987)

The nucleotide sequence for a 1,900-base-pair region of the Escherichia coli chromosome that includes the genes fhuC and fhuD was determined. Within this sequence are two open reading frames: nucleotides 127 to 921 and nucleotides 924 to 1811. These coding regions specify a FhuC protein with an Mr of 28,423 and a mature FhuD protein with an Mr of 29,610. The deduced amino acid sequence of FhuC shows extensive homology with those of components of some bacterial transport systems which are peripheral proteins of the cytoplasmic membrane. Because the FhuD protein contains a typical signal sequence of 30 amino acids at the amino terminus and displays characteristics of a soluble protein, it may be exported into the periplasm.
Synthesis of Highly Methylated Indole-3-acetic Acids. (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Highly Methylated Indole-3-acetic Acids.C. A. Payne and F. J. StevensCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1965, 10, 1, 71–72Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60024a025https://doi.org/10.1021/je60024a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development of a PMMA phantom as a practical alternative for quality control of gamma knife® dosimetry (2018)

A PMMA phantom constructed in this study to measure the absorbed dose rates to water and dose distributions of a GK represents an acceptable and practical alternative for GK dosimetry considering its cost-effectiveness and ease of handling.
Prostate Volumes Derived From MRI and Volume-Adjusted Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen: Correlation With Gleason Score of Prostate Cancer (2013)

Central gland volume fraction, PSAD, and PSAD for the central gland estimated from MRI examinations show a modest but significant correlation with Gleason score and have the potential to contribute to personalized risk assessment for significant prostate cancer.
Characterization of rubber particle size distribution of high‐impact polystyrene using low‐angle laser light scattering (1982)

Abstract A new application of low‐angle laser light scattering has led to a new instrument capable of characterizing the rubber particle size distribution of high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing particles as small as 0.1 μ. Rubber particle size distributions of several HIPS resins have been characterized, and the particle size ranking of resins using light scattering parallels the ranking of resins using photomicroscopy. Several solvents have been employed to suspend the HIPS rubber particles for the scattering determination. Swelling of the rubber phase has been found to be relatively insensitive to variations in rubber phase crosslinking when methyl ethyl ketone is used to suspend the rubber particles. Particle swelling in methyl ethyl ketone does not detract from the usefulness of the light scattering method for HIPS rubber particle size characterization.
Response of vegetation indices to changes in three measures of leaf water stress (1991)

The responses of vegetation indices to changes in water stress were evaluated in two separate laboratory experiments. In one experiment the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the near-IR to red ratio (near-IR/red), the Infrared Index (II), and the Moisture Stress Index (MSI) were more highly correlated to leaf water potential in lodgepole pine branches than were the Leaf Water Content Index (LWCI), the mid-IR ratio (Mid-IR), or any of the single Thematic Mapper (TM) bands. In the other experiment, these six indices and the TM Tasseled Cap brightness, greenness, and wetness indices responded to changes in leaf relative water content (RWC) differently than they responded to changes in leaf water content (WC) of three plant species, and the responses were dependent on how experimental replicates were pooled. With no pooling, the LWCI was the most highly correlated index to both RWC and WC among replications, followed by the II, MSI, and wetness. Only the LWCI was highly correlated to RWC and WC when replications were pooled within species. With among species pooling the LWCI was the only index highly correlated with RWC, while the II, MSI, Mid-IR, and wetness were most highly correlated with WC.
New Optimization Strategy for Chemical Mechanical Polishing Process. (2001)

In this study, a systematic approach to achieve a globally optimal Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) process is carried out. In this new approach, the orthogonal array technique adopted from the Taguchi method is used to realize an efficiently experimental design. The RBFNF neural-fuzzy network is then applied to model the complex CMP process. The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) analysis (ANOVA) technique used in the conventional Taguchi method is also implemented to obtain the local optimum process parameters. The globally optimal parameters are successively acquired in terms of the trained RBFNF network. In order to increase CMP throughput, a two-stage optimal strategy is also proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the two-stage strategy performs better than the original approach even though the total processing time is reduced by 1/6.
<i>N</i> -Nitrosamines in the Rubber and Tire Industry (1979)

Airborne N-nitrosomorpholine (0 to 27 micrograms per cubic meter) was found in two of four rubber industry factories. N-Nitrosodimethylamine was also found in two factories, but at lower levels. These findings may be relevant to the reported increased risk of certain types of cancer in rubber workers in some of the same areas where the N-nitrosomorpholine levels were highest.
On burstiness-aware search for document sequences (2009)

As the number and size of large timestamped collections (e.g. sequences of digitized newspapers, periodicals, blogs) increase, the problem of efficiently indexing and searching such data becomes more important. Term burstiness has been extensively researched as a mechanism to address event detection in the context of such collections. In this paper, we explore how burstiness information can be further utilized to enhance the search process. We present a novel approach to model the burstiness of a term, using discrepancy theory concepts. This allows us to build a parameter-free, linear-time approach to identify the time intervals of maximum burstiness for a given term. Finally, we describe the first burstiness-driven search framework and thoroughly evaluate our approach in the context of different scenarios.
Enabling co-channel coexistence of 802.22 and 802.11af systems in TV White Spaces (2013)

In this paper, we investigate the coexistence problem between the 802.22 and the 802.11af systems in the TV White Spaces (TVWS). We focus on the design of a co-channel coexistence scheme for the 802.22 customer-premises equipments (CPE) and the 802.11af systems. 802.22 and 802.11af are two typical standards envisioned to be widely adopted in the future. However, these two standards are heterogeneous in both power level and PHY/MAC design, making their coexistence challenging. To avoid mutual interference between the two systems, existing solutions have to allocate different channels for the two networks. Due to the city-wide coverage of the 802.22 base station (BS), the spectrum utilization is compromised with existing schemes. In this paper, we first identify the challenges to enable the co-channel coexistence of the 802.22 and the 802.11af systems and then propose a busy-tone based framework. We design a busy-tone for the 802.22 CPEs to exclude the hidden 802.11af terminals. We also show that it is possible for the 802.11af systems to identify the exposed 802.22 CPE transmitters and conduct successful transmissions under interference. We show through extensive simulations that the spectrum utilization can be increased with the proposed co-channel coexistence scheme.
Pyrrole annulation onto aldehydes and ketones via palladium-catalyzed reactions (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrrole annulation onto aldehydes and ketones via palladium-catalyzed reactionsBarry M. Trost and Ehud KeinanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 14, 2741–2746Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01302a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01302a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1079Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Driving Force in Diffusion and Redistribution of Reducing Agents During Redox Reaction on the Surface of CoFeB Film (2015)

Diffusion and redistribution of constituent elements on the CoFeB surface after natural oxidation and annealing were investigated by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with argon beam sputtering. Boron and iron atoms were found to redistribute into the ~3 nm-thick oxidized surface by the natural oxidation even at room temperature. After annealing up to 400 °C in vacuum, boron atoms drastically diffused into the oxidized surface to reduce the oxidized iron/cobalt. The migration of boron atoms was observed within the depth of ~6 nm. In contrast, iron atoms diffused little. The diffusion and redistribution behaviors during the redox reactions, such as the natural oxidation and annealing, are speculated to be related to the values of the standard free energy of formation of oxides. In other words, the reduction nature of elements on the CoFeB surface is speculated to be the driving force in the diffusion and redistribution of iron and boron on the surface during the redox reaction.