gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controllable oxygen vacancies to enhance resistive switching performance in a ZrO<sub>2</sub>-based RRAM with embedded Mo layer (2010)

In this study, the resistive switching characteristics of a ZrO(2)-based memory film with an embedded Mo layer are investigated. The experimental results show that the forming process can be removed by inserting an embedded Mo metal layer within ZrO(2) via a post-annealing process. The excellent memory performance, which includes lower operation voltage (<1.5 V), good endurance (>10(3) cycles), a stubborn nondestructive readout property (>10(4) s), and long retention time (>10(7) s), is also demonstrated. Moreover, high-speed operation (10 ns) can be successively maintained over 10(3) cycles without any operational errors observed in this memory device. Due to the interface layer induced by the Ti top electrode, the formation and rupture of conducting filaments are suggested to occur near the Ti/ZrO(2) interface. The oxygen vacancies induced by the embedded Mo can enhance the formation of conducting filaments and further improve the switching characteristics in ZrO(2)-based devices.
Real-time measurement of surface roughness by correlation of speckle patterns (1976)

In a previous article we have shown that the two speckle patterns produced from the same rough surface illuminated by two coherent plane waves under two different angles of incidence are correlated. The correlation depends on the surface roughness. In this paper a method is described where the rough surface is illuminated simultaneously by the two plane waves. The ensemble-averaged coherence function, that is, the correlation function, of the scattered field is measured by using a two-waves interferometer. This affords a real-time measurement of the surface roughness in the range of large roughness (σ > λ). The theoretical calculations have been performed for a normally distributed surface. The experimental results are in good agreement with theory. We describe the optical arrangement of an instrument based on this principle.
Drift detection and removal for sequential structure from motion algorithms (2004)

In sequential Structure from Motion algorithms for extended image or video sequences, error build up caused by drift poses a problem as feature tracks that normally represent a single scene point will have distinct 3D reconstructions. For the final bundle adjustment to remove this drift, it must be told about these 3D-3D correspondences through a change in the cost function. However, as a bundle adjustment is a nonlinear optimization technique, the drift needs to be removed from the supplied initial solution to allow for convergence of the bundle adjustment to the real global optimum. Before drift can be removed, it has to be detected. This is accomplished through understanding of the long term behavior of drift which leaves 3D reconstructions from short sequences intact. Drift detection boils down to identifying reconstructions of the same scene part that only differ up to a projective transformation. After detection, the drift can be removed from future processed images and an Adapted Bundle Adjustment using correspondences supplied by the drift detection can remove the drift from previous images. Several experiments on real video sequences demonstrate the merit of drift detection and removal.
Ultrafast exciton dynamics in Type II ZnTe–ZnSe colloidal quantum dots (2012)

Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy is used to investigate the exciton dynamics of Type II ZnTe-ZnSe core-shell colloidal quantum dots. Surface-trapping is shown to occur within a few picosecond for hot electrons and with a few 10s of picoseconds for electrons cooled to the band-edge, and is the dominant process in the decay of the band-edge bleach for well-stirred samples pumped at moderate powers. The surface-trapped electrons produce a broad photo-induced absorption that spectrally overlaps with the band-edge, distorting and partially cancelling out the bleach feature. At high pump powers and for unstirred samples, these surface-trapped electrons can survive sufficiently long within the pumped volume to accumulate under repeated excitation of the sample, resulting in the formation of an additional exciton decay channel.
Protein Content of Polyhedral Organelles Involved in Coenzyme B <sub>12</sub> -Dependent Degradation of 1,2-Propanediol in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium LT2 (2003)

Salmonella enterica forms polyhedral organelles during coenzyme B(12)-dependent growth on 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD). Previously, these organelles were shown to consist of a protein shell partly composed of the PduA protein, the majority of the cell's B(12)-dependent diol dehydratase, and additional unidentified proteins. In this report, the polyhedral organelles involved in B(12)-dependent 1,2-PD degradation by S. enterica were purified by a combination of detergent extraction and differential and density gradient centrifugation. The course of the purification was monitored by electron microscopy and gel electrophoresis, as well as enzymatic assay of B(12)-dependent diol dehydratase. Following one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of purified organelles, the identities and relative abundance of their constituent proteins were determined by N-terminal sequencing, protein mass fingerprinting, Western blotting, and densitometry. These analyses indicated that the organelles consisted of at least 15 proteins, including PduABB'CDEGHJKOPTU and one unidentified protein. Seven of the proteins identified (PduABB'JKTU) have some sequence similarity to the shell proteins of carboxysomes (a polyhedral organelle involved in autotrophic CO(2) fixation), suggesting that the S. enterica organelles and carboxysomes have a related multiprotein shell. In addition, S. enterica organelles contained four enzymes: B(12)-dependent diol dehydratase, its putative reactivating factor, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and ATP cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase. This complement of enzymes indicates that the primary catalytic function of the S. enterica organelles is the conversion of 1,2-PD to propionyl coenzyme A (which is consistent with our prior proposal that the S. enterica organelles function to minimize aldehyde toxicity during growth on 1,2-PD). The possibility that similar protein-bound organelles may be more widespread in nature than currently recognized is discussed.
Ordering self-assembled islands without substrate patterning (2003)

The self-patterning of the strain field that arises in the growth of stacked multilayers of heteroepitaxial islands, together with the capability of tuning the island size by acting on the deposition temperature, are here exploited to obtain self-organization, resulting in well-ordered clusters composed of regularly disposed, nanosized islands. Our results show that the island spatial distribution can be tuned from a random one to a well-ordered square lattice of island clusters, and that the number of islands inside each cluster can be selected. Moreover, due to the dipole repulsive interaction between adjacent islands, the islands themselves arrange in an ordered fashion inside a single cluster along the same [010]-[100] crystalline directions of the long-range cluster ordering.
Recent derivatives from smaller classes of fermentation-derived antibacterials (2011)

Following the regulatory approvals of daptomycin and retapamulin for human use, these renewed investigations of underdeveloped fermentation-derived classes have demonstrated the further potential to discover new clinical candidates. However, many other classes of natural product antibiotics still remain underinvestigated and are thus available for renewed examinations. This strategy is one means for finding new antibiotics to add to the physician's armamentarium for treating resistant pathogens.
Low-loss Te-based chalcogenide glass optical fibers and their uses in radiometric thermometers (1985)

Infrared optical fibers operating at 2-12 μm have been required for IR sensing applications such as the radiometric thermometer and CO2 laser power applications, e.g., laser surgery. Various halide crystals and chalcogenide glasses have been proposed.1,2 In these materials, chalcogenide glasses have the advantage that they exhibit no increase in scattering loss due to the plastic deformation which usually occurs in the crystalline fibers.
Rachel's Daughters: Newly Orthodox Jewish Women (1992)

Journal Article Rachel's Daughters: Newly Orthodox Jewish Women, by Debra Renee Kaufman. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1991, xv + 243 pp. $30; 11.95 (paper) Get access Rita J. Simon Rita J. Simon American University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sociology of Religion, Volume 53, Issue 1, Spring 1992, Pages 117–118, https://doi.org/10.2307/3711641 Published: 01 March 1992
Optimized CMOS-SOI process for high performance RF switches (2012)

In recent years, CMOS on Silicon-on-Insulator has rapidly evolved as a mainstream technology for switches used in wireless applications. Since such applications can involve switching high power levels (35 dBm) at high frequencies (~2 GHz), the technology considerations are substantially different than those for SOI used in high speed, small signal applications such as microprocessors. This paper provides an overview of key technology challenges and trade-offs.
QSAR's based on partial order ranking (2002)

The development of Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR's) often relies heavily on the application of statistical methods such as multi-linear regression (MLR) or principal component analysis/partial least square (PCA/PLS). Partial order ranking (POR), which from a mathematical point of view is based on elementary methods of Discrete Mathematics, appears as an attractive and operationally simple and more general alternative since the method does not require specific functional relationships between the single descriptors or the end-points. The POR method allows ranking of a series of compounds, based on selected descriptors characterizing their structural and/or electronic nature (model diagram). The ranking of the compounds based on their end-points (experimental ranking) can then be compared to the model diagram. If the model diagram resembles the experimental ranking of the end-points under investigation, other compounds, not being experimentally investigated, can be assigned a rank in the model and hereby obtain an identity based on the known compounds. The present study elucidates the applicability of POR as a simple tool for QSAR modeling. Based on illustrative examples the POR approach to QSAR modeling will be presented with special focus on the precision and the uncertainties of the method, which will be discussed in terms of the number of descriptors and compounds involved. The advantageous interplay between POR and PCA, the latter being applied in order to reduce a possible large number of descriptors into a limited number of latent descriptors will be discussed.
Universality in Metallic Nanocohesion: A Quantum Chaos Approach (1999)

Convergent semiclassical trace formulas for the density of states and the cohesive force of a narrow constriction in an electron gas, whose classical motion is either chaotic or integrable, are derived. It is shown that mode quantization in a metallic point contact or nanowire leads to universal oscillations in its cohesive force: the amplitude of the oscillations depends only on a dimensionless quantum parameter describing the crossover from chaotic to integrable motion, and is of order 1 nN, in agreement with recent experiments.
Prolonged seizures recruit caudal subventricular zone glial progenitors into the injured hippocampus (2006)

Neurogenesis persists in the adult rat rostral forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) and is stimulated by status epilepticus (SE). More caudal SVZ (cSVZ) neural progenitors migrate to the hippocampus after ischemic injury and contribute to CA1 pyramidal cell regeneration. Because SE also damages the hippocampus, we examined the effects of SE on cSVZ precursors. SE was induced in adult rats with pilocarpine, and cell proliferation in cSVZ and hippocampus was examined by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and retroviral reporter labeling. Neural precursors were assayed by immunostaining for specfic markers between 1 and 35 days after SE. BrdU-positive cells labeled prior to SE markedly increased in numbers within 1-2 weeks in the cSVZ and infracallosal region, but not in the corpus callosum. Doublecortin-, polysialic acid neural cell adhesion molecule-, and TUC-4 (TOAD/Ulip/CRMP family-4)-immunostained cells with migrating morphology increased with a similar time course after SE and extended from the cSVZ to CA1 and CA3 regions. Retroviral reporters injected into the cSVZ of controls showed labeled cells with oligodendroglial morphology located in the cSVZ and corpus callosum; when injected 2 days prior to SE, many more reporter-labeled cells appeared several weeks later and were located in the cSVZ, corpus callosum, and hippocampus. Labeled cells showed glial morphologies and expressed astrocyte or oligodendrocyte markers. Neither BrdU- nor retroviral reporter-labeled cells coexpressed neuronal markers in controls or pilocarpine-treated rats. These results indicate that SE increases cSVZ gliogenesis and attracts newly generated glia to regions of hippocampal damage. Further study of seizure-induced gliogenesis may provide insight into mechanisms of adult neural progenitor regulation and epileptogenesis.
Control of Parathyroid Function in Patients with a Short History of Hemodialysis (2005)

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is one of the serious complications in patients with chronic kidney disease. Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), stimulated partly by hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia complicating chronic kidney disease (CKD). Use of a calcium-based phosphate binder might be sufficient to reduce serum PTH levels in mild SHPT, while the recent K/DOQI clinical guidelines recommended vitamin D therapy for dialysis patients with serum level of intact parathyroid hormone of 300 pg/mL or more. We conducted a 6-month prospective controlled trial of 50 patients initiating hemodialysis therapy who were randomized to receive oral calcium carbonate alone or the drug plus oral vitamin D sterol, calcitriol or alfacalcidol. The primary end point was the proportion of randomized patients who had a mean PTH level of 300 pg/mL or less at the end of this study. The secondary end point included the percent change in the values for corrected calcium, phosphorus, the calcium-phosphorus product, and PTH. Eighty percent of patients receiving calcium carbonate without vitamin D sterols (20 of 25) reached the primary end point-a mean PTH level of 300 pg/mL or less after the period-as compared with 84% of those receiving calcium carbonate and vitamin D sterol (21 of 25) (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.18-3.25, P = 0.71). The other effects of the two regimens on the secondary end points were not significantly different after 6 months. In SHPT of dialysis patients initiating hemodialysis, oral calcium carbonate use alone was not inferior to additional vitamin D sterol use with calcium carbonate in reducing serum PTH levels. Our result indicated that, if serum calcium and phosphorus levels are controlled primarily regardless of used agents, it will be followed by reduction of serum PTH level in these patients.
Quantifying the buildup in extent and complexity of free exploration in mice (2011)

To obtain a perspective on an animal's own functional world, we study its behavior in situations that allow the animal to regulate the growth rate of its behavior and provide us with the opportunity to quantify its moment-by-moment developmental dynamics. Thus, we are able to show that mouse exploratory behavior consists of sequences of repeated motion: iterative processes that increase in extent and complexity, whose presumed function is a systematic active management of input acquired during the exploration of a novel environment. We use this study to demonstrate our approach to quantifying behavior: targeting aspects of behavior that are shown to be actively managed by the animal, and using measures that are discriminative across strains and treatments and replicable across laboratories.
ALCOHOLS BY SODIUM REDUCTION (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTALCOHOLS BY SODIUM REDUCTIONMerritt L. Kastens and H. PeddicordCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 3, 438–446Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50471a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50471a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Insulitis-Caused Redistribution of Heat-Shock Protein HSP60 Inside β-cells Correlates With Induction of HSP60 Autoantibodies (1993)

We recently reported that sera of NOD mice contain autoantibodies to the endogenous HSP60. Under physiological conditions, the HSP60 antigen was located to secretory granules and mitochondria of beta-cells, but in islets affected by insulitis, the antigen accumulated rapidly in cytoplasm and on beta-cell surface membranes. The relationship was examined between insulitis-dependent redistribution of the HSP60 inside beta-cells and induction of the HSP60 autoantibodies. By use of quantitative immunoelectron microscopy and monoclonal antibodies to human HSP60, changes were monitored in levels of the cytoplasmic HSP60 with progression of insulitis. Development of insulitis was accompanied by reduction of the HSP60 levels in secretory granules and increased levels in the cytoplasm. Mean concentration of cytoplasmic HSP60 in 4-, 7-, and 13-wk-old NOD mice representing 0, 85, and 100% incidence of insulitis, gradually increased from 4.6 to 11.2 to 35.9 immunogold grains/micron2, respectively, and this increase was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Simultaneously, the time course of an appearance of HSP60 antibodies was established by testing sera of > 4- to 25-wk-old NOD mice, for their cross-reactivity to human recombinant HSP60 on Western blots. HSP60 antibodies developed in both sexes between 7 and 13 wk of age but were found with the highest frequency in sera of 10- to 15-wk-old mice. Antibodies declined rapidly with the onset of diabetes. HSP60 antibodies were not observed in sera of 4-wk-old NOD mice devoid of insulitis or in 7-wk-old males with delayed onset of insulitis. The cytoplasmic HSP60 levels in these cases were the same as in control mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hereditary pancreatitis. Presentation of an additional family. (1985)

A West German family with hereditary pancreatitis is described. Four members are definitely known to have had pancreatitis, while three additional members are suspected of having the disease. The mean age of onset of symptoms was 14 years. Known causes of secondary pancreatitis and amino aciduria were ruled out in each case. HLA-segregation was analysed on the A, B, C, and DR loci in all members of the family, but no coupling between distribution of HLA haplotypes and incidence of pancreatitis was detected.
An Electronic System for the Tuning of Masers (1973)

The automatic tuning of frequency standards gives a method of removing drifts due to cavity pulling. The paper describes an apparatus designed primarily for tuning the hydrogen maser. The apparatus can also be used for tuning other masers such as the rubidium maser. The system incorporates several of the best features of similar devices previously described in the literature. It includes a digital averager which makes possible the use of a reference oscillator less stable than the maser to be tuned. It includes also a digital integrator, solving the usual problem of offsets in standard integrators. Frequency corrections are made either proportionally or by unit steps through a varactor coupled to the maser cavity. The electronics are made almost entirely with TTL digital integrated circuits (type 7400) for low cost, reliability, and availability. Results on the tuning of rubidium and hydrogen masers are given.
Borges, Jorge Luís: Das erzählerische Werk (2020)

Jorge Luís Borges pflegte in fast sechs Jahrzehnten schriftstellerischer Aktivität neben der Lyrik vor allem die Kurzprosa. Ab den 1960er Jahren machten ihn etwa 100 Prosatexte weltweit bekannt, die einer von ihm selbst entwickelten Sonderform der Gattung ‚cuento‘ (Erzählung) zugehören. Durch sie wurde er der Mit- und Nachwelt zum idealtypischen Repräsentanten argentinischen Literatentums. Zeit seines Lebens auch lyrischer Dichter und Essayist, umgreift er in den sechs zwischen 1935 und 1963 erschienenen Erzählbänden gleichermaßen essayistische wie lyrische Verfahren, um die Erzählung so zu einer Meta- oder Übergattung zu entwickeln, die ihre sprachliche Kraft der Poesie und ihre intellektuelle Schärfe dem Essay verdankt. Aus beiden Komponenten bezog er ein bislang singuläres imaginäres Potenzial, das ihm erlaubte, auf oft nur einer Handvoll Seiten, geradezu surrealistische Wirkungen zu schaffen.
Reducing User Perceived Latency in Mobile Processes (2010)

Employees are increasingly participating in business processes using mobile devices. Often, this is supported by a mobile web application, which accesses various web services in the back-end. The high latency of the mobile network (e.g., EDGE) is perceived by the user each time a web service is called, in addition to the time needed to invoke the service itself. This high latency may lead to low usability, low acceptance rate, and finally compromises the overall process quality. To reduce the latency perceived by the user, we present a caching architecture for web services and an adaptive prefetching algorithm. The key characteristics of our approach are the compatibility with major mobile browsers and the independence of the caching proxy from the front-end application and the back-end services. We evaluate our approach on realistic traces of web service calls in an IT service management scenario. The traces were generated from handling real incidents according to the ITIL (ISO 20000) processes. The results confirm that using our approach, the latency perceived by the user is reduced by 24%.