gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a Passively Reefed, Collapsible Drogue Parachute System (2007)

DOI: 10.2514/1.28437 A collapsible drogue parachute system developed for the X-37 approach and landing test vehicle is described. Originally, the approach and landing test vehicle test program called for a vehicle drop from a B-52 at 42,500-ft altitude. The approach and landing test vehicle relied on autonomous control for all phases of flight, including release, approach, and landing. If a software failure induced a control surface hardover during separation, the low vehicle weight and moderate subsonic lift-to-drag ratio made it possible for recontact with the B-52 after release. To eliminate recontact possibility, a drogue parachute system was installed. The drogue was deployed before the approachandlandingtestvehicledropandwasjettisonedaftercleanseparation.Thehighaltitudeatdroguerelease allowed predominant winds to take the chute off the Edwards Air Force Base test range and into the flight corridors of major commercial airports. A mechanism to collapse to the drogue was required to keep the landing point within the test range. A simple passive-reefing mechanism that relied on a silicone band attached at the drogue skirt was developed. At high dynamic pressure the band stretched to the skirt diameter, causing negligible drag loss, but retracted and significantly reduced drag area after jettison. Test results and the design evolution are reported.
Composite super-moiré lattices in double-aligned graphene heterostructures (2019)

When two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals are brought into close proximity to form a van der Waals heterostructure, neighbouring crystals may influence each other's properties. Of particular interest is when the two crystals closely match and a moiré pattern forms, resulting in modified electronic and excitonic spectra, crystal reconstruction, and more. Thus, moiré patterns are a viable tool for controlling the properties of 2D materials. However, the difference in periodicity of the two crystals limits the reconstruction and, thus, is a barrier to the low-energy regime. Here, we present a route to spectrum reconstruction at all energies. By using graphene which is aligned to two hexagonal boron nitride layers, one can make electrons scatter in the differential moiré pattern which results in spectral changes at arbitrarily low energies. Further, we demonstrate that the strength of this potential relies crucially on the atomic reconstruction of graphene within the differential moiré super cell.
A Generalized Chua-Type Vector Hysteresis Model for Both the Non-Oriented and Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets (2011)

This paper presents a generalized Chua-type vector hysteresis model to describe both the static and dynamic vector magnetic properties of electrical steel sheets. The proposed model takes into account all significant harmonic components of the measured <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> -waveforms, thus it provides precise prediction of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> -waveforms even under highly saturated magnetic flux densities under alternating, rotating, and distorted magnetic fields conditions. The validity of the proposed vector hysteresis model was investigated by comparison to experimental results under various magnetic field conditions for both the non-oriented and grain-oriented silicon steel sheets.
L- Tryptophan Production by Whole Cells of Escherichia coli Based on Iranian Sugar Beet Molasses (2013)

Background: L-tryptophan (L-Trp) is a nutritionally essential amino acid that the body uses to synthesize proteins, niacin (vitamin B3) and serotonin (neurotransmitters). Human and animals depend on plants and microorganisms for its supply. Remarkable increasing demand has caused the development of a wide variety of biotechnological methods for its production which work as well for other amino acids. Objectives: The present work reports on the use of Iranian sugar beet molasses as an inexpensive source of L-serine (precursor) and PLP (cofactor) for the production of L-Trp by Escherichia coli (ATCC 11303). Carbon source and buffered condition are also optimized for L-Trp production by E. coli. Materials and Methods: E. coli (ATCC 11303) was used as the microbial source of tryptophan. Batch fermentation was performed with 8L sugar beet molasses medium. The fermentation was carried out at 37 C with an agitation speed at 250 rpm. The pH was controlled at 7 with 10 N NaOH. The cells were recovered by centrifugation. A 1g mass of E. coli cells (wet mass) was used as the biocatalyst in the reaction medium (100 cc) containing (in grams/100cc): Molasses/glucose=3.5; Indole=0.2; L-Serine=0.35; PLP=0.005; (NH4)2SO4 =0.5. The reaction medium was incubated on rotatory shaker (180 rpm) for 8 h at 37 C. The reaction was carried out in KH2PO4-K2HPO4 buffering system (pH = 8, 0.1 M). The detection of produced L-Trp was carried out by the use of chromatography methods (HPLC and TLC), and fluorescence analysis. Results: Consequently, the potassium phosphate buffer system was considered as the suitably buffered reaction medium. The concentration of L-Trp produced in reaction medium was 0.3 mM and 0.12 mM for glucose and molasses (a combination of sugar beet and cane molasses), respectively. Conclusions: our present study shows that sugar beet molasses is a source of PLP and L-Ser; and hence, suggests the general application of the approach to produce L-Trp more economically.
Immunohistochemical detection of advanced glycosylation end products in diabetic tissues using monoclonal antibody to pyrraline. (1992)

Pyrraline is one of the major Maillard compounds resulting from the reaction of glucose with amino compounds at slightly acidic pH. For in vivo studies, monoclonal pyrraline antibodies were raised after immunization of Balb/c mice with keyhole limpet hemocyamin-caproyl pyrraline conjugate. Of 660 hybridoma clones from one donor, 260 produced an antibody to the free hapten, two of which named Pyr-A and Pyr-B also cross-reacted with L-lysyl pyrraline. Using Pyr-B antibody and an ELISA, a gradual increase in pyrraline immunoreactivity was observed in serum albumin incubated with glucose or 3-deoxyglucosone. Plasma pyrraline levels increased fourfold (P less than 0.001) in Sprague-Dawley rats upon induction of diabetes with streptozotocin and were twofold increased in randomly selected plasmas from diabetic humans. Highly specific pyrraline immunoreactivity was detected in sclerosed glomeruli from diabetic and old normal kidneys as well as in renal arteries with arteriolosclerosis and in perivascular and peritubular sclerosed extracellular matrix and basement membranes. The preferential localization of pyrraline immunoreactivity in the extracellular matrix strengthens the notion that the advanced glycosylation reaction may contribute to decreased turnover and thickening of the extracellular matrix in diabetes and aging.
High field nuclear magnetometer (1987)

A magnetometer capable of measuring changes in the nuclear magnetism of 3He in the presence of an 8-T magnetic field is described. A key component is a type II superconducting shield (NbTi) which stabilizes the external field. Short-term sensitivity is equivalent to detecting magnetic field changes of a few parts in 1010. In applications involving large pressure changes and 3He liquid–solid phase changes, additional problems arise. Sensitivity to physical distortion of the device in some applications can generally be corrected for or exploited for pressure detection.
A Transmembrane Serine Protease Is Linked to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor and Activates Virus Entry (2010)

Spike (S) proteins, the defining projections of the enveloped coronaviruses (CoVs), mediate cell entry by connecting viruses to plasma membrane receptors and by catalyzing subsequent virus-cell membrane fusions. The latter membrane fusion requires an S protein conformational flexibility that is facilitated by proteolytic cleavages. We hypothesized that the most relevant cellular proteases in this process are those closely linked to host cell receptors. The primary receptor for the human severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS) CoV is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 immunoprecipitation captured transmembrane protease/serine subfamily member 2 (TMPRSS2), a known human airway and alveolar protease. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 colocalized on cell surfaces and enhanced the cell entry of both SARS S-pseudotyped HIV and authentic SARS-CoV. Enhanced entry correlated with TMPRSS2-mediated proteolysis of both S and ACE2. These findings indicate that a cell surface complex comprising a primary receptor and a separate endoprotease operates as a portal for activation of SARS-CoV cell entry.
Fragmentation sous Impact Electronique du Phényl‐2 Oxétanne (1977)

Abstract Les principaux modes de fragmentation du phényl‐2 oxétanne sont étudiés à l'aide des spectres d'espèces diversement marquées aux isotopes stables. L'origine du pic de base [C 6 H 5 CO] + est discutée.
Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation detection in plasma and urine samples of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (2011)

Objective:To investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation in plasma and urine samples of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma,and to analyze the feasibility of detecting EGFR mutataion in urine.Methods:The plasma and urine cell-free DNA(cfDNA) in 60 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were extracted with modified phenol-chloroform method.Mutant-enriched PCR coupled sequencing of cfDNA was used to detect the EGFR mutation.Results:Among the 60 cases,EGFR mutation was detected in the plasma of 12 cases including 7 deletion mutation in exon 19 and 5 mutation in exon 21,while the result was negative in the urine samples.In the plasma samples,EGFR mutation was correlated with the gender of the patients but not with the age or smoking history.Conclusions:EGFR mutation can be detected in the plasma samples of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma but not in the urine samples.
Efficient Message-Passing Decoding of LDPC Codes using Vector-based Messages (2006)

In this paper we investigate reduced complexity decoders for LDPC codes over M-PSK modulation. Capacity calculations show only minor losses if only phase information is considered in the decoder. We device a decoder based on phase angle summation, which unfortunately does not work for codes over Galois fields (but shows promising results for codes over integer rings). For codes over Galois fields we construct table-based decoders which gives performance close to belief propagation decoders at substantially reduced complexity
Ultrafast molecule sorting and delivery by atomic force microscopy (2006)

An atomic force microscope (AFM) is tailored to perform ultrafast electrophoretic differentiation of molecules on populations of &lt;0.1zeptomoles (10−22moles) on the surface of a probe tip. The driving force for differentiation is a large electric field applied over the length of an AFM tip that results in enhanced differential mobilities stemming from the confinement of the water layer on the tip surface. In a demonstration on DNA oligonucleotides, a 5-mer and a 16-mer exhibit migration times of 15 and 5ms, respectively, approximately five orders of magnitude faster than in conventional capillary electrophoresis.
PECAM‐1, a key player in neuroinflammation (2006)

Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) is a 130-kDa protein, which plays a significant role in the adhesion cascade. It is therefore involved in leucocyte endothelium interaction and in leucocyte transendothelial migration during inflammation. As neuroinflammation and subsequent blood brain barrier disruption are integral processes in many neurological disorders, PECAM-1 and its soluble form (sPECAM-1) have been investigated in a number of conditions, rising hopes as a potential marker of disease activity, a possible target in treatment and a prognostic factor. It has been shown that serum and CSF levels of PECAM-1 and sPECAM-1 are increased in patients in active stages of multiple sclerosis. Similarly, they rise in individuals after ischaemic stroke. PECAM-1 has also been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of Abeta-related cerebral vascular disorders, such as Alzheimer disease. It participates in the pathomechanism of paraneoplastic neurological disorders and in neuroinflammation in NeuroAIDS. A number of experiments on animal models were carried out in order to investigate PECAM-1 role in the above-mentioned conditions and more, including brain trauma and nerve root injury. In this review most recent investigations on PECAM-1 biology and its role in neuroinflammation have been described and discussed from a multidisciplinary point of view.
Raman spectroscopy of complex defined media: biopharmaceutical applications (2015)

We demonstrate the detection of glucose and lactate concentrations with high accuracy in the supernatants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture, grown in shake flasks in batch fermentation mode, using Raman spectroscopy and explicit model‐based classical least squares (CLS) algorithm. A deterministic Raman spectral library of pure components was created by acquiring Raman spectra from credible nutrient media constituents and CHO cell culture metabolites. Only analytes present with concentration above the instrument detection limit were included in this library. Residuals obtained after CLS analyses were used to identify missing components and to generate a revised library. An algorithmic sieve was thus construed to obtain an appropriate Raman spectral library from a complex chemical mixture that is well‐defined but an industrial secret. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to provide reference glucose and lactate concentrations. [Correction added on 30 April 2015, after first online publication: the last three sentences of the abstract (previously stated in the abstract) have been deleted]. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metallic Single‐Crystal CoSi Nanowires via Chemical Vapor Deposition of Single‐Source Precursor. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry of thienopyridines. <b>XXXV</b>. Synthesis, tautomerism, and reactions of quinoline and thienopyridine systems which bear a 1‐carboethoxy‐1‐cyanomethyl substituent in the pyridine ring, part 2 (1987)

Abstract A comparison is made amongst the isosteric Systems quinoline, thieno[2,3,‐ b ]pyridine, and thieno[3,2‐ b ]‐pyridine which bear the 1‐carboethoxy‐1‐cyanomethyl substituent (R) alpha or gamma to the heterocyclic nitrogen atom. Treatment of thieno[3,2‐ b ]pyridine 4‐oxide with ethyl cyanoacetate and acetic anhydride at room temperature (Hamana reaction) gives the alpha R‐derivative 6 (27%), formulated as an intramolecular H‐bonded structure. Neither 6 nor its quinoline alpha analog reacts with refluxing acetic anhydride, while the quinoline gamma isomer 8 , existing as NH and CH tautomers, yields an N ‐acetyl derivative 10 (70%) under similar conditions. For each of 6 and 8 one can isolate two crystalline forms which differ considerably in color. Compound 10 and its gamma analog in the thieno[2,3‐6]pyridine series (previously obtained directly from a Hamana reaction) serve as acetylating agents for aniline, 1‐aminobutane, morpholine, and cholesterol. Correlations and contrasts in the three Systems are presented.
Scalable Spectrum Allocation and User Association in Networks With Many Small Cells (2017)

A scalable framework is developed to allocate radio resources across a large number of densely deployed small cells with given traffic statistics on a slow timescale. Joint user association and spectrum allocation is first formulated as a convex optimization problem by dividing the spectrum among all possible transmission patterns of active access points (APs). To improve scalability with the number of APs, the problem is reformulated using local patterns of interfering APs. To maintain global consistency among local patterns, inter-cluster interaction is characterized as hyper-edges in a hyper-graph with nodes corresponding to subcarriers allocated to APs. A scalable solution is obtained by iteratively solving a convex optimization problem for bandwidth allocation with reduced complexity and followed by a global spectrum allocation using hyper-graph coloring. Numerical results demonstrate the proposed solution for a network with 100 APs and several hundred user equipment. For a given quality of service, the proposed scheme can often increase the network capacity severalfold compared with assigning each user to the strongest AP with full-spectrum reuse.
Tetrahydrobenzindoles:  Selective Antagonists of the 5-HT<sub>7</sub>Receptor (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUELetterNEXTTetrahydrobenzindoles: Selective Antagonists of the 5-HT7 ReceptorChika Kikuchi, Hiroshi Nagaso, Toyokazu Hiranuma, and Masao KoyamaView Author Information Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd., 760 Morooka-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 222-8567, Japan Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 4, 533–535Publication Date (Web):January 30, 1999Publication History Received14 September 1998Published online30 January 1999Published inissue 1 February 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm980519uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm980519urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views601Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Genetics,Reaction products,Receptors,Rodent models,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
Free .ALPHA. subunits of glycoprotein hormone with dissimilar carbohydrates produced by pathologically different carcinomas. (1985)

The two kinds of glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit ectopically produced by an undifferentiated carcinoma of the left femoral region (TM-alpha) and an adenocarcinoma of the right external genitalia (FS-alpha) were examined for amino acid composition, isoelectric focusing, molecular weight, the ability to combine with standard hCG beta and affinity with lectins (Con A, Ricin and PNA). Both TM-alpha and FS-alpha exhibited immunoantigenicity similar to standard hCG alpha. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the amino acid compositions of TM-alpha, FS-alpha or standard hCG alpha. In isoelectric focusing, while standard hCG alpha exhibited a neutral charge, both TM-alpha and FS-alpha exhibited strong negative charges. FS-alpha was as sensitive to sialidase as standard hCG alpha, whereas most of the TM-alpha exhibited resistance to sialidase. TM-alpha contains sialidase-insensitive peripheral material with a negative charge. The affinity with Ricin-Sepharose indicated that most of the FS-alpha and some of the TM-alpha may contain terminal sialic acid and the penultimate structure, Gal beta 1----4G1cNAc; the affinity with PNA-Sepharose indicated that both may also contain terminal sialic acid and the penultimate structure, Gal beta 1----3GalNAc. These observations suggest that dissimilar glycosylation processes are present in the carcinoma ectopic biosynthesis of glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit.
Synthesis of Chiral Imidazolinium Carbene from a Carbohydrate and Its Rhodium(I) Complex (2007)

Abstract A chiral imidazolinium salt with two bulky carbohydrate subunits, N , N ′‐1,3‐bis(methyl 4,6‐ O ‐benzylidene‐3‐deoxy‐α‐ D ‐altropyrano‐3‐yl)imidazolinium chloride ( 4 ), was synthesized in high yield. Deprotonation of 4 with sodium tert ‐butoxide in the presence of [RhCl(COD)] 2 produced NHC‐coordinated rhodium complex 5 along with water adduct 6 to a lesser extent depending on the moisture content of the reaction mixture. These compounds were fully characterized by IR, MS, and 1 H and 13 C{ 1 H} NMR spectroscopy.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Cyber Crime and Social Media (2024)

The internet in India is growing rapidly. It has given rise to new opportunities in the field of entertainment, business, sports, education, and many more. With the advent and increasing use of the internet, businesses have crossed the barriers of local markets and are reaching out to customers located in every part of the world. Computers are widely used in enterprises not only as a tool for processing information, but also for gaining strategic and competitive advantage. Computers can be used both for constructive and destructive reasons
Multidimensional gesture sensing at the piano keyboard (2011)

In this paper we present a new keyboard interface for computer music applications. Where traditional keyboard controllers report the velocity of each key-press, our interface senses up to five separate dimensions: velocity, percussiveness, rigidity, weight, and depth. These dimensions, which we identified based on the pedagogical piano literature and pilot studies with professional pianists, together present a rich picture of physical gestures at the keyboard, including information on the performer's motion before, during, and after a note is played. User studies confirm that the sensed dimensions are intuitive and controllable and that mappings between gesture and sound produce novel, playable musical instruments, even for users without prior keyboard experience. The multidimensional sensing capability demonstrated in this paper is also potentially applicable to button interfaces outside the musical domain.
Identification of a functional luciferase gene in the non‐luminous diurnal firefly, <i>Lucidina biplagiata</i> (2010)

We isolated a luciferase gene (LbLuc) from the non-luminous diurnal firefly, Lucidina biplagiata, with high similarity to that from the nocturnal firefly, Photinus pyralis. The recombinant LbLuc showed luminescence activity comparable to that of the luciferases from P. pyralis and Luciola cruciata. To understand the non-luminosity of L. biplagiata, we determined the amount of luciferase in the adult specimen using the luciferin-luciferase reaction and found that the content of luciferase in L. biplagiata was estimated to be only 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. As previously reported, the content of luciferin in L. biplagiata was less than 0.1% of that in L. cruciata. Thus, the non-luminosity of L. biplagiata might be explained by low levels of both luciferase and luciferin.
Target delivery of MYCN siRNA by folate-nanoliposomes delivery system in a metastatic neuroblastoma model (2013)

This study point to a new way for treatment of metastatic neuroblastoma and could widen the application of folate-nanoliposomes delivery system in tumor therapy.