gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Nonlinear Goal Programming to Multiobjective Optimization of Machining Conditions (1980)

切削加工における多目標最適化の問題を,非線形目標計画法によって定式化し,それを解くために,通常の非線形最適化問題に対する一解法であるパターン探索法を応用した.さらに,切削加工における基礎的な例題を設定し,生産率,生産費用及び利潤率の三つの目標をそれぞれ高・低の二水準に設定して,それらの組合せによって作られる基本的な四つのケースのそれぞれについて求解過程の挙動を明らかにし,最適切削条件を求めた.
Secrecy, Trust, and Dangerous Leisure: Generating Group Cohesion in Voluntary Organizations (1996)

The development and effects of group cohesion have been a long-standing concern in the small-group literature. Through an ethnographic examination of a leisure activity involving risk-mushroom collecting-we analyze how voluntary leisure groups maintain members' allegiance and affiliation, and thus create cohesion. Trust (communal concern) and secrecy (individual self-interest), based originally on information and subsequently on relationships, are critical to group stability. Groups provide arenas in which new members can place their trust in experts, thus receiving protective information and developing rewarding relationships to keep them from danger. Yet the openness of information has limits. Competitive relationships, which also tie members to the group, depend on privately held knowledge. As a result, even in cohesive groups committed to mutual support, information is a valued resource. Each member is expected to develop secrets and to shelter them from others in most circumstances. Trust and secrecy are compatible in those voluntary organizations in which all members can gain access to private knowledge while placing their trust in colleagues to share protective information.
The synthesis of 3-spirooxindole derivatives. IX. The reactions of 2-hydroxytryptamine with hemiacetals. (1976)

The condensation of 2-hydroxytryptamine hydrochloride (IX) with the hemiacetals such as tetrahydropyran-2-ol (X) and morroniside (III), a member of the iridoids, was investigated. A condensation of IX with X was carried out by standing a solution of IX, X, and sodium acetate in the molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 2 in an aqueous ethanol at room temperature or at reflux for 42 hr to give the amino-alcohol (XI) in 85% yield, which was further characterized as two isomeric diacetyl derivatives (XIIa, XIIb). A condensation of IX with morroniside (III) was conducted under a similar condition only by heating a solution of the components at reflux for 42 hr to give the lactams (XIVa, b), which seemed to have been generated through the processes of the Mannich type of condensation like the preliminary work, followed by elimination of methanol. Attempts to prevent the lactam formation and to isolate the Mannich base were unsuccessful in the latter case, but the condensations of 2-hydroxytryptamine with hemiacetals were proved to have smoothly proceeded to afford the mannich bases in high yields.
Taxonomical Study of Glutamic Acid Accumulating Bacteria, Micrococcus glutamicus nov. sp (1958)

1) Newly isolated glutamic acid accumulating bacteria involving 5 strains were studied according to the system described in Bergey's Manual 6th Ed., and named Micrococcus glutamicus nov. sp.. 2) The cell elongation phenomenon and absorption spectrum of the pigment of M. glutamicus nov. sp. was studied in relation to its classification. The cell elongation especially, occurred in urea medium. The pigment ofM. glutamicus seems to belong to xanthophyll as those of other yellow micrococci.
A Useful Synthesis of Ethyl Indole-2-carboxylates and 3,4-Dihydrocarbostyrils (1984)

Synthese des indolecarboxylates-2 par reaction de Wittig de nitro-2 benzaldehydes avec des triphenylphosphoranylidene-2 alcanoates d'ethyle suivie du chauffage en presence de triethylphosphite des nitro-2 cinnamates d'ethyle obtenus (A); les dihydro-3,4 carbostyriles sont prepares par reduction cyclisation de A
Die Umkehrung der elementaren Funktionen (1980)

In der reellen Analysis ist es leicht, etwa für die Funktion y = x 2 ein maximales Definitionsintervall für eine Umkehrfunktion anzugeben: Für y ≥ 0 sind % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaagCart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaaeaaaaaaaaa8 % qacaWG4bGaeyypa0ZaaOaaa8aabaWdbiaadMhaaSqabaaaaa!394F! $$ x = \sqrt y $$ und % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaagCart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaaeaaaaaaaaa8 % qacaWG4bGaeyypa0JaeyOeI0YaaOaaa8aabaWdbiaadMhaaSqabaaa % aa!3A3C! $$ x = - \sqrt y $$ Umkehrfunktionen, beide sind für y > 0 differenzierbar. Im Komplexen ist die Frage nach dem natürlichen Definitionsbereich einer Umkehrfunktion von w = z 2 schwieriger: Obwohl es zu jedem Punkt w 0 ∈ ℂ − {0} einen Kreis D (w 0) und zwei auf D (w 0) holomorphe Funktionen f 1 und f 2 mit f 1 (w)2 = f 2 (w)2 = w gibt, existiert keine auf ganz ℂ − {0} holomorphe Funktion, die jedem w eine Quadratwurzel aus w zuordnet. Dieses Phänomen ist für die Umkehrung aller nur lokal injektiven holomorphen Funktionen typisch; es führt — was wir hier nicht weiter verfolgen — in die Theorie der Riemannschen Flächen. — Wir untersuchen in diesem Kapitel die Umkehrung der Potenzen und der elementaren transzendenten Funktionen; alle ihre Eigenschaften können auf das Verhalten des Logarithmus (der Umkehrung der Exponentialfunktion) zurückgeführt werden. Nebenbei wird sich eine anschauliche Interpretation der Umlaufszahl ergeben.
Intrinsic phonon decoherence and quantum gates in coupled lateral quantum-dot charge qubits (2005)

Recent experiments by [Hayashi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 226804 (2003)] demonstrate coherent oscillations of a charge quantum bit in laterally defined quantum dots. We study the intrinsic electron-phonon decoherence and gate performance for the next step: a system of two coupled charge qubits. The effective decoherence model contains properties of local as well as collective decoherence. Decoherence channels can be classified by their multipole moments, which leads to different low-energy spectra. It is shown that due to the super-Ohmic spectrum, the gate quality is limited by the single-qubit Hadamard gates. It can be significantly improved, by using double dots with weak tunnel coupling.
Data assimilation for heterogeneous networks: The consensus set (2009)

Data assimilation in dynamical networks is intrinsically challenging. A method is introduced for the tracking of heterogeneous networks of oscillators or excitable cells in a nonstationary environment, using a homogeneous model network to expedite the accurate reconstruction of parameters and unobserved variables. An implementation using ensemble Kalman filtering to track the states of the heterogeneous network is demonstrated on simulated data and applied to a mammalian brain network experiment. The approach has broad applicability for the prediction and control of biological and physical networks.
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Lithium Intercalation into Nb2 O 5 Electrodes for a 2 V Rechargeable Lithium Battery (1999)

Niobium pentoxide was synthesized by heating niobium hydroxide in the temperature range of 600‐1100°C. The crystal system of compounds depended on the heating temperatures, i.e., hexagonal, orthorhombic, and monoclinic compounds were obtained at ca. 600, 800, and >1000°C, respectively. Electrochemical lithium intercalation into the three compounds was investigated in a cell with a carbonate electrolytic solution for application as lithium battery cathodes. As a result, they displayed good charge‐discharge performance as the cathode of a 2 V lithium battery, which will play an important role in power supply for integrated circuit memory backup developed recently. The thermodynamics and kinetics of lithium intercalation into the cathode and their characteristics have been investigated. The thermodynamic parameters, such as standard free energies, lithium partial molar entropy, interaction energies between ions, crystal lattice parameters, and kinetic parameters, such as chemical and self diffusion constants, have been obtained as a function of x value in . These results were compared to those of a thin‐film electrode prepared by a radio frequency sputtering method, which has high potential for fabricating thin microbatteries. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Nucleosides. LXIV. Fluoro sugar analogs of arabinosyl- and xylosylcytosines (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleosides. LXIV. Fluoro sugar analogs of arabinosyl- and xylosylcytosinesJohn Arthur. Wright, Dan Patrick. Wilson, and Jack J. FoxCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1970, 13, 2, 269–272Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00296a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00296a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cloning and Sequencing of a Second cDNA Encoding 3-Deoxy-d-<i>arabino</i>-Heptulosonate 7-Phosphate Synthase from <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L. (1992)

DAHP2 synthase (EC 4.1.2.15) is the first enzyme of the shikimate pathway that leads to the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids and derived secondary metabolites. The enzyme is induced by glyphosate (6), wounding (1, 4), and fungal elicitor (4, 5). Previously, a cDNA encoding DAHP synthase, which we call shkA, was cloned and sequenced from potato cells grown in suspension culture (2); that cDNA was used to obtain the homolog from tobacco cells (7) and two sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana (4). We report here the sequence of shkB, a second cDNA encoding potato DAHP synthase (Table
Phospholamban Domain Ib Mutations Influence Functional Interactions with the Ca2+-ATPase Isoform of Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (1998)

Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of amino acids 21-30, forming cytoplasmic domain Ib in phospholamban (PLN), revealed that mutation to Ala of Asn27, Gln29, and Asn30 results in gain of inhibitory function. In an earlier study (Kimura, Y., Kurzydlowski, K., Tada, M. , and MacLennan, D. H. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 15061-15064), gain of function in PLN transmembrane domain II mutants was correlated with pentamer destabilization, leading to proposals that the PLN monomer is the active inhibitory species, that dissociation of the PLN pentamer is one determinant of PLN inhibitory function and that dissociation of the PLN.cardiac sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+-ATPase isoform (SERCA2a) complex is a second determinant. Because each of the new domain Ib mutants contained a normal ratio of pentamer to monomer in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gain of function must have resulted from mechanisms other than destabilization of pentameric structure. Evidence that domain Ib and domain II mutants act through different sites and different mechanisms was provided by a monomeric double mutant, N30A/I40A, in which the enhanced inhibitory function of each single mutant was additive. Evidence for an alteration in stability of the PLN/SERCA2a heterodimer was obtained in a study of double mutant N27A/N34A in which inhibitory function was regained by combining a gain of function, domain Ib mutation with a loss of function domain II mutation. These results support the proposal that PLN inhibition of SERCA2a involves, first, depolymerization of PLN and, second, the formation of inhibitory interactions between monomeric PLN and SERCA2a.
Estimating flexible route choice models using sparse data (2012)

GPS and nomad devices are increasingly used to provide data from individuals in urban traffic networks. In many different applications, it is important to predict the continuation of an observed path, and also, given sparse data, predict where the individual (or vehicle) has been. Estimating the perceived cost functions is a difficult statistical estimation problem, for different reasons. First, the choice set is typically very large. Second, it may be important to take into account the correlation between the (generalized) costs of different routes, and thus allow for realistic substitution patterns. Third, due to technical or privacy considerations, the data may be temporally and spatially sparse, with only partially observed paths. Finally, the position of vehicles may have measurement errors. We address all these problems using a indirect inference approach. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed estimator in a model with random link costs, allowing for a natural correlation structure across paths, where the full choice set is considered.
A Novel Ring Contraction of 4-Bromo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiepin-5(4H)-one (1977)

b]thiepin-5(4H)-one
Countries of the World. CD-ROM Database for MS-DOS and Macintosh, published by Bureau Development, Inc. 141 New Road, Parsippany, NJ 07054 (800) 828-4766, (201) 808-2700, Fax: (201) 808-2676. - KGB-CIA World Factbook. CD-ROM Database for MS-DOS and Windows, published by Compton’s New Media. 722 Genevieve, Solana Beach, CA 92075 (800) 532-3766. (1992)

Countries of the World. CD-ROM Database for MS-DOS and Macintosh, published by Bureau Development, Inc. 141 New Road, Parsippany, NJ 07054 (800) 828-4766, (201) 808-2700, Fax: (201) 808-2676. - KGB-CIA World Factbook. CD-ROM Database for MS-DOS and Windows, published by Compton’s New Media. 722 Genevieve, Solana Beach, CA 92075 (800) 532-3766. - Volume 26 Issue 2
Open-Loop Quadrotor Flight Dynamics Identification in Frequency Domain via Closed-Loop Flight Testing (2015)

The paper presents the identication of a quadrotor's bare-airframe dynamics in hover by employing frequency domain methods commonly applied to large-scale rotorcraft and xed-wing aircraft. Flight tests are conducted with a combination of manual and auto- mated inputs to enable excitation over a wide frequency range to achieve universal model applicability. In contrast to other publications on the topic of micro aerial vehicle system identication, all ight tests are performed outdoors where only inertial MEMS sensors and GNSS measurements are available. Our approach relates physical system parameters of the bare-airframe to the linear control and stability derivatives which are estimated by the identication process. The identied models are validated in terms of their time domain behavior by injecting step perturbations to the motor commands. The obtained information of the quadrotor's bare-airframe dynamics is used for controller synthesis and for validation of high-delity physical simulations.
On certain crinkly curves (1900)

Introduction.-In any field of geometric investigation the curves fall roughly into two classes, constituted respectively of the curves ordinarily investigated and of the other curves ; these unusual curves are in positive designation the crinkly curves.In this paper we are to investigate by interplaying graphic and analytic methods (in I) the continuous surface-filling oey-curves : x = cp (t) , y = yjr (t) : of Peano and Hilbert and (in II) the continuous tangentless yt-curve : y = yjr(t) : connected with Peano's curve.We define the various curves AT as point-forpoint limit-curves for n = oo of certain curves Kn (n = 1, 2 , 3 , ) ; these curves Kn are broken-line curves derivable each from the preceding by processes simple and such that the (nodal) extremities of the various w-links of Kt persist as corresponding points and also nodes of the Fl+l ; thus, the nodes of 7T are points of If; the set of all these nodes (for all n's) is on K everywhere dense.The curves AT are continuous and approach their point-for-point limit-curve K uniformly ; AT is accordingly continuous, a conclusion however which is geometrically evident.From the continuity of K and the presence of the set of nodes the properties of K follow in such a way as to appeal vividly to the geometric imagination.Indeed the yt-cuvve from the simplicity of its geometric definition and from the intuitive clearness of its properties appears to be fit to replace the classical Weierstrass curve as the standard example of continuous curves having no tangents, since, further, we develop closer knowledge of its progressiveand regressive-tangential properties (II 8, 11).The basal notions of this paper were communicated to Chicago colleagues in February and March, 1899.-Part II has certain relations of content with the interesting paper by Steinitz, Stetigkeit und Differentialquotienten, Mathematische
Enhancement of photoluminescence in Ge nanoparticles by neighboring amorphous C in composite Ge/C thin films (2003)

Composite thin films of Ge and C prepared with the pulsed laser deposition method were found to exhibit enhancement of photoluminescence (PL). X-ray diffractometry and atomic force microscopy established that the structure of the as-prepared sample consisted of Ge nanocrystals and amorphous C. A blue PL from the films was found in the wavelength region of 400–550 nm with two distinct humps in its peak. For the as-prepared sample, the PL intensity was found to peak at a certain Ge:C composition ratio. For films with the same Ge:C ratio, the PL intensity was found to increase monotonically with intensity of annealing in the open atmosphere. The origin of the PL is attributed to localized Ge/O-related defects and that of the humps to the two nonbonding electrons of Ge(O). It is argued that the two nonbonding electrons are related to the intermediate Ge oxidation states (GOx, 0&lt;x&lt;2), one of them being related to x near 0, and the other to x near 2, that is, near the saturated GeO2 state. The observed enhancement in the PL of the Ge nanoparticles is attributed to the presence of amorphous C because it enhances the formation of Ge nanoparticles and the localized Ge/O-related defects at the Ge/C interfacial regions. This phenomenon offers a possible useful way to control the PL intensity of the film by adjusting its Ge:C ratio or its intensity of annealing.
The Interactome of the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Its Influence on the Actions of Glucocorticoids in Combatting Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases (2016)

Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely used for decades as a first-line treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, their use is often hampered by the onset of adverse effects or resistance. GCs mediate their effects via binding to glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor belonging to the family of nuclear receptors. An important aspect of GR's actions, including its anti-inflammatory capacity, involves its interactions with various proteins, such as transcription factors, cofactors, and modifying enzymes, which codetermine receptor functionality. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of GR that positively or negatively affect its anti-inflammatory properties, along with mechanistic insights, if known. Emphasis is placed on the interactions that affect its anti-inflammatory effects in the presence of inflammatory and microbial diseases.
Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products: considerations for patients with diabetes mellitus (2016)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome contribute to hypertriglyceridemia, which may increase residual risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with elevated triglyceride (TG) levels despite optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with statin therapy. Prescription products containing the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (OM3FAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are an effective strategy for reducing TG levels. This article provides an overview of prescription OM3FAs, including relevant clinical data in patients with T2DM and/or metabolic syndrome. Prescription OM3FAs contain either combinations of DHA and EPA (omega-3-acid ethyl esters, omega-3-carboxylic acids, omega-3-acid ethyl esters A) or EPA alone (icosapent ethyl). These products are well tolerated and can be used safely with statins. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that all prescription OM3FAs produce statistically significant reductions in TG levels compared with placebo; however, differential effects on LDL-C levels have been reported. Products containing DHA may increase LDL-C levels, whereas the EPA-only product did not increase LDL-C levels compared with placebo. Because increases in LDL-C levels may be unwanted in patients with T2DM and/or dyslipidemia, the EPA-only product should not be replaced with products containing DHA. Available data on the effects of OM3FAs in patients with diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome support that these products can be used safely in patients with T2DM and have beneficial effects on atherogenic parameters; in particular, the EPA-only prescription product significantly reduced TG, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo B, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-sensitivity CRP levels without increasing LDL-C levels compared with placebo. Ongoing studies of the effects of prescription OM3FAs on cardiovascular outcomes will help determine whether these products will emerge as effective add-on options to statin therapy for reduction of residual cardiovascular disease risk.
Identification of Their Epitope Reveals the Structural Basis for the Mechanism of Action of the Immunosuppressive Antibodies Basiliximab and Daclizumab (2007)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) play a major role in cellular immunity. The monoclonal antibodies basiliximab and daclizumab directed against the IL-2R subunit CD25 are widely used to prevent graft or host rejection after allogeneic tissue transplantation. Although these antibodies have been used for this purpose for many years, their common epitope within the CD25 protein is unknown. We screened a random phage display library to isolate peptides specifically binding to basiliximab. A striking amino acid sequence motif was enriched. This motif is homologous to the peptide ERIYHFV comprising amino acid positions 116 to 122 within the extracellular domain of CD25, suggesting that this is the basiliximab epitope. Basiliximab and daclizumab binding of selected phage was specific, as no binding was observed to isotype antibody controls. Phage binding could be inhibited by the cognate peptide. In cells expressing mutant CD25, binding of basiliximab was abolished when two or more amino acids of the suspected epitope were changed. In contrast, basiliximab binding remained unaffected in cells expressing CD25 versions with mutations outside this epitope. We therefore conclude that the (116)ERIYHFV(122) string within CD25 is the epitope recognized by basiliximab and daclizumab. This epitope overlaps with the interaction site of CD25 and IL-2, thus revealing the structural basis for the inhibition of IL-2R binding by this class of immunosuppressive antibodies.