gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SLAS (2007)

Round-robin striping, due to its uniform distribution and low-complexity computation, is widely used by applications which demand high bandwidth and massive storage. Because many systems are nonstoppable when their storage capacity and I/O bandwidth need increasing, an efficient and online mechanism to add more disks to striped volumes is very important. In this article, it is presented and proved that during data redistribution caused by scaling a round-robin striped volume, there is always a reordering window where data consistency can be maintained while changing the order of data movements. Furthermore, by exploiting the reordering window characteristic, SLAS is proposed to scale round-robin striped volumes, which reduces the cost of data redistribution effectively. First, SLAS applies a new mapping management solution based on a sliding window to support data redistribution without loss of scalability; second, it uses lazy updates of mapping metadata to decrease the number of metadata writes required by data redistribution; third, it changes the order of data chunk movements to aggregate reads/writes of data chunks. Our results from detailed simulations using real-system workloads show that, compared with the traditional approach, SLAS can reduce redistribution duration by up to 40.79% with similar maximum response time of foreground I/Os. Finally, our discussion indicates that the SLAS approach works for both disk addition and disk removal to/from striped volumes.
Evaluation of Tau Imaging in Staging Alzheimer Disease and Revealing Interactions Between β-Amyloid and Tauopathy (2016)

Use of [18F]-AV-1451 has a potential for staging of the preclinical and clinical phases of AD. β-Amyloid interacts with hippocampal and cortical tauopathy to affect neurodegeneration. In the absence of Aβ, hippocampal tau deposition may be insufficient for the neurodegenerative process that leads to AD.
Anterior cervical interbody fusion with threaded cylindrical bone (1985)

✓ The author describes some modifications of the original Cloward method of cervical intervertebral body fusion. These modifications include the intraoperative threading of the standard cylindrical graft dowel (either autologous or heterologous) and the development of two new instruments designed to insert the graft into the intervertebral space. This modified technique was tested in an experimental study using the cervical spine of cadavers, after which a series of 37 patients were operated on with this method. The results of both series are presented. The chief advantages of this type of interbody fusion over the standard technique are: 1) easier insertion of the graft into the intervertebral space; and 2) decrease in complications. Complications with cervical interbody fusion, both minor (such as partial displacement of the graft, vertebral angulation, and radicular injury) and major (such as spinal cord compression and/or contusion), are fortunately infrequent, but they are important because of their irreparable consequences.
ATP- and Adenosine-Mediated Signaling in the Central Nervous System: Adenosine Stimulates Glutamate Release From Astrocytes via A2a Adenosine Receptors (2004)

Adenosine enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in astrocytes via A(2a) adenosine receptors involving protein kinase A (PKA) activation. The Ca(2+) rise is inhibited by brefeldin A, an inhibitor of vesicular transport; but not by neomycin and U73122, phospholipase C inhibitors; xestospongin, an IP(3)-receptor inhibitor; ryanodine, a ryanodine-receptor inhibitor; TMB-8, an endoplasmic reticulum calcium-release blocker; octanol, a gap-junction inhibitor; or cadmium, a non-selective, calcium-channel blocker. Adenosine stimulates astrocytic glutamate release via an A(2a) adenosine receptors/PKA pathway, and the release is inhibited by the vesicular transport inhibitors brefeldin A and bafilomycin A1. A(2a) adenosine receptors and the ensuing PKA events, thus, are endowed with vesicular Ca(2+) release from an unknown intracellular calcium store and vesicular glutamate release from astrocytes.
A Novel Drug to Reduce Tumor Perfusion: Antitumor Effect Alone and with Hyperthermia (2000)

We have investigated the feasibility of enhancing damage induced by hyperthermia in SCK murine tumors by reducing tumor blood perfusion using a new agent, KB-R8498. Within several minutes of an i.v. injection, the tumor perfusion was reduced to less than 20% of the control value, and it recovered to 40-70% of the control value by 1 h after injection. The perfusion in normal tissues decreased or increased soon after drug administration depending on the tissue type. However, by 1 h after drug treatment, perfusion in five of the seven tissues examined had returned to the control level. The tumor pH was also reduced after i.v. drug administration. Control tumors grew to four times the initial volume in 6 days. Tumors that were heated at 42.5 degrees C for 60 min were delayed in growth by 4 days compared to control tumors. There was a growth delay of 14 days when an i.v. injection of KB-R8498 was given and the tumors were heated at 42.5 degrees C either immediately or 1 h later. In drug-alone studies, the tumor growth was delayed by 4 days when the drug was infused continuously at a rate of 30-50 mg/kg day(-1) for 7 days or about 2 days when mice were treated with five daily injections of 30 mg/kg KB-R8498.
Induced Resistance for Plant Disease Control: Maximizing the Efficacy of Resistance Elicitors (2005)

ABSTRACT Plants can be induced to develop enhanced resistance to pathogen infection by treatment with a variety of abiotic and biotic inducers. Biotic inducers include infection by necrotizing pathogens and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and treatment with nonpathogens or cell wall fragments. Abiotic inducers include chemicals which act at various points in the signaling pathways involved in disease resistance, as well as water stress, heat shock, and pH stress. Resistance induced by these agents (resistance elicitors) is broad spectrum and long lasting, but rarely provides complete control of infection, with many resistance elicitors providing between 20 and 85% disease control. There also are many reports of resistance elicitors providing no significant disease control. In the field, expression of induced resistance is likely to be influenced by the environment, genotype, and crop nutrition. Unfortunately, little information is available on the influence of these factors on expression of induced resistance. In order to maximize the efficacy of resistance elicitors, a greater understanding of these interactions is required. It also will be important to determine how induced resistance can best fit into disease control strategies because they are not, and should not be, deployed simply as "safe fungicides". This, in turn, will require information on the interaction of resistance elicitors with crop management practices such as appropriate-dose fungicide use.
Nanoparticles trapping from flue gas using dielectrophoresis (2015)

The paper first presents a mathematical model which describes the effect of dielectrophoretic forces on the nanoparticles suspended in gaseous environment, together with a set of numerical results obtained in the frame of this model. Next, an experimental microfluidic device with interdigitated bar electrodes for retaining of nanometric particles from combustion gases under dielectrophoresis is described. The particles deposited on the electrodes of the experimental device are analysed using a reflection metallographic microscope with CCD camera together with a data analysis system. The experimental results are analysed in terms of a new trapping parameter, named as Filtration. Finally, a comparison between the theoretical results provided by numerical simulations and the experimental results on the deposition of nanoparticles on electrodes is given. The comparison demonstrates a good agreement between the two types of results.
Optimizing Antenna Gain With a Metamaterial Filter (2011)

In this research work, a metamaterial lens constructed from cubic high dielectric resonators (CHDR) embedded in a low dielectric slab was placed in front of a circular patch and a fractal patch antenna respectively, in order to characterize the effects on the antenna parameters, specifically the gain.The CHDR based metamaterial lens was designed to have a negative refractive index at 10.4 GHz, which was determined through the extraction of the constitutive parameters from the s-parameters.The optimum distance of lens placement was then determined in order to maximize the antenna gain for both cases.A methodology for optimizing the metamaterial lens design is also presented, which is based on the Drude dispersion model applied to a homogeneous metamaterial.The model determines the optimum placement and geometry of the metamaterial lens in order to maximize antenna gain for a source radiating spherical electromagnetic waves.Finally, in order to demonstrate the advantages of a CHDR based metamaterial lens over a metallic split-ring resonator (SRR) based lens, for high power applications, the structures were subjected to electromagnetic radiation and their thermal properties were studied.
An automated technique for the quantitative assessment of 3D‐MRSI data from patients with glioma (2001)

Although proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) has been shown to be effective for localizing tumor in patients with gliomas, it is not a routinely used clinical tool. This is due, in part, to the lack of a standardized, objective method for analyzing spectra. We present an automated technique for a) selecting a population of voxels from each patient that have the spectral features of normal brain regions, and b) using the selected voxels as internal controls for quantifying the probability of abnormality at each voxel location. The technique was demonstrated on a phantom, 14 normal volunteers, and 30 patients with histologically proven tumor. In addition, we demonstrated the usefulness of the method for monitoring patients in serial studies from two glioma patients with progressive disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:167–177. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Speaker identity verification over telephone lines: where we are and where we are going (2005)

The ability to verify the identity of a speaker by analyzing speech, or Speaker Identity Verification (SIV), is an attractive means of providing security in the telephone network. As with other biometric security techniques, SIV uses a quality inherent in the user being verified, rather than a possession (e.g. badge) or piece of knowledge (e.g. password). SIV has a further advantage since it does not require elaborate customer premises equipment: only a telephone is needed. We will discuss potential applications of voice-based security and present accuracy data from a series of evaluative experiments with a Bellcore developed verifier. In addition, we will offer suggestions on how verification performance might be further improved, based on data collected using human listeners. Finally, although SIV system performance is quite good, there remain sonic difficult problems. Foremost among these is that individuals' voices are known to. change over time in ways that are poorly understood. Until more is known of the causes behind such changes, they must be acknowledged and dealt with in any potential application. We will discuss empirical and theoretical considerations in template management and criterion determination, particularly as they relate to changes that occur over time.
A discrete harmonic potential approach to motion planning on a weighted graph (2008)

A provably-correct discrete version of the harmonic potential field (HPF) approach to motion planning was suggested by Masoud, A [2006]. The approach utilizes the strong relation between graph theory and electrical network theory for developing a framework of theories and definitions that, among other things, can strongly aid in developing a discrete HPF planning approach. This framework was used to suggest an efficient, optimal, novel, discrete planning method called the M* algorithm. In this paper an in-place, successive relaxation procedure is suggested for implementing the M* algorithm. Also, the utility of the discrete HPF approach is demonstrated in robust, data network routing.
Equivalent circuits for electrically small antennas using LS-decomposition with the method of moments (1989)

As part of an investigation into methods for accelerating the process of filling the method-of-moments impedance matrix (Z), it was found that (Z) could be decomposed into three parts: a real inductance matrix (L) from the magnetostatic vector potential, a real elastance matrix (S) from the electrostatic static scalar potential, and a complex impedance matrix (z( omega )) of residual frequency-dependent contributions. By neglecting (z( omega )) at sufficiently low frequencies, static and quasi-static charge and current distributions were obtained. For electrically small antennas, a complete RLC circuit was obtained directly from a single quasi-static solution rather than as an approximate characterization of the impedance as a function of frequency. This gives a precise definition of the circuit parameters limiting the performance of electrically small antennas.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Finsler geometry of seismic ray path in anisotropic media (2009)

The seismic ray theory in anisotropic inhomogeneous media is studied based on non-Euclidean geometry called Finsler geometry. For a two-dimensional ray path, the seismic wavefront in anisotropic media can be geometrically expressed by Finslerian parameters. By using elasticity constants of a real rock, the Finslerian parameters are estimated from a wavefront propagating in the rock. As a result, the anisotropic parameters indicate that the shape of wavefront is expressed not by a circle but by a convex curve called a superellipse. This deviation from the circle as an isotropic wavefront can be characterized by a roughness of wavefront. The roughness parameter of the real rock shows that the shape of the wavefront is expressed by a fractal curve. From an orthogonality of the wavefront and the ray, the seismic wavefront in anisotropic media relates to a fractal structure of the ray path.
Rapid Fabrication of a Nano Interdigitated Array Electrode and its Amperometric Characterization as an Electrochemical Sensor (2007)

Nano interdigitated array (IDA) electrodes (electrode finger width = 100 nm; finger spacing = 200 nm; surface area = 0.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) have been fabricated and characterized amperometrically for the electrochemical detection of the concentrations of reversible redox species. Using p-aminophenol as the redox species, a detection limit of 10 pM of the species concentration has been achieved. This detection limit is three orders of magnitude lower than the micro IDA counterpart that has been reported to date, proving the enhanced redox cycling at the nano IDA electrodes. Using a higher electron dose, the proximity effect of the electron beam in the e-beam lithography process has been utilized to reduce the duration of the nano IDA pattern transfer step to less than 30 minutes. This makes it possible to fabricate the entire sensor within a day, including the electrode metal evaporation, metal lift-off and electroplating of reference electrode.
Significance of .ALPHA.-Gal (Gal.ALPHA.1-3Gal.BETA.1-4GlcNAc-R) Epitopes and .ALPHA.1,3 Galactosyltransferase in Xenotransplantation. (1999)

移植手術を必要とする心、肝、腎機能不全患者の多くは、移植臓器を提供するドナー不足のため手術を受けられないでいる。同種移植 (allograft) におけるこの様な臓器不足のため、ブタの臓器をヒトに移植する異種移植 (pig xenograft) の実用化に向けて研究が進められている。近年、ヒトに存在する自然抗体、抗α-gal抗体 (anti-Gal annbody) とブタ移植片細胞表面に大量に発現しているα-gal抗原 (α-galエピトープ) とが認識、反応することが異種移植片生着の大きな障壁になっていることがわかってきた。このα-galエピトープはブタ及び、その他の哺乳類では発現しているが、ヒトでは発現していない。なぜなら、このエピトープを生合成するα1,3ガラクトース転移酵素遺伝子は、霊長類では進化過程において不活化されているからである。本稿では、異種移植片拒絶におけるanti-Ga1、α-galエピトープの意義と、この拒絶反応を回避しうる理論的なアプローチを紹介する。
Fine Structure of the Hydrogen Atom. Part II (1951)

In the first paper of this series, the shift of the $2^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$ level of hydrogen was determined to be 1000 Mc/sec. A new apparatus differing from the original one in details, but not in principle, has been built in order to improve the accuracy of the above result. This provides a greater yield of metastable hydrogen atoms, a more homogeneous magnetic field, and more accurate means of measurement of magnetic field and frequency. With these improvements, preliminary measurements of considerably increased accuracy have been made on both hydrogen and deuterium. The transitions observed were $2^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$, $m=\frac{1}{2}$, to $2^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$, $m=\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}$, as well as to $2^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$, $m=\frac{1}{2}$ and $m=\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}$. The first transition permits observation of the hyperfine structure of $2^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$, as well as an accurate calibration of magnetic field. Hyperfine structure was also resolved for the last transition in hydrogen. There was no observable difference between the level shifts for hydrogen and deuterium which may be taken as 1062\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5 Mc/sec. Later papers of this series will deal with the numerous experimental and theoretical corrections necessary to obtain a level shift accurate to 1 Mc/sec.
Correction: Glycan Elongation Beyond the Mucin Associated Tn Antigen Protects Tumor Cells from Immune-Mediated Killing (2013)

Membrane bound mucins are up-regulated and aberrantly glycosylated during malignant transformation in many cancer cells. This results in a negatively charged glycoprotein coat which may protect cancer cells from immune surveillance. However, only limited data have so far demonstrated the critical steps in glycan elongation that make aberrantly glycosylated mucins affect the interaction between cancer cells and cytotoxic effector cells of the immune system. Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr), STn (NeuAca2-6GalNAc-Ser/Thr), T (Galb1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr), and ST (NeuAca2-6Galb1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) antigens are recognized as cancer associated truncated glycans, and are expressed in many adenocarcinomas, e.g. breastand pancreatic cancer cells. To investigate the role of the cancer associated glycan truncations in immune-mediated killing we created glyco-engineered breast-and pancreatic cancer cells expressing only the shortest possible mucin-like glycans (Tn and STn). Glyco-engineering was performed by zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) knockout (KO) of the Core 1 enzyme chaperone COSMC, thereby preventing glycan elongation beyond the initial GalNAc residue in O-linked glycans. We find that COSMC KO in the breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines T47D and Capan-1 increases sensitivity to both NK cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular-cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing. In addition, we investigated the association between total cell surface expression of MUC1/MUC16 and NK or CTL mediated killing, and observed an inverse correlation between MUC16/MUC1 expression and the sensitivity to ADCC and CTL-mediated killing. Together, these data suggest that up-regulation of membrane bound mucins protects cells from immune mediated killing, and that particular glycosylation steps, as demonstrated for glycan elongation beyond Tn and STn, can be important for fine tuning of the immune escape mechanisms in cancer cells.
Detection of TT virus DNA and sequence analysis of partial gene of TTV in sera from blood donors (2000)

The results showed that 16 of 96(16.6%) sera samples from blood donors with elevated transminase level were positive for TT DNA, 36 of 99(36.3%) sera samples from blood donors with normal transaminase level were positive for the presence of TTV DNA. There were significant differences between them. Partial nucleotide sequences from two isolates were determined. By phylogenetic analysis, one TTV strains was classified into the genomic subgroup G1b described previously. The other was a new subgroup of G1.
MYB36 regulates the transition from proliferation to differentiation in the <i>Arabidopsis</i> root (2015)

Stem cells are defined by their ability to self-renew and produce daughter cells that proliferate and mature. These maturing cells transition from a proliferative state to a terminal state through the process of differentiation. In the Arabidopsis thaliana root the transcription factors SCARECROW and SHORTROOT regulate specification of the bipotent stem cell that gives rise to cortical and endodermal progenitors. Subsequent progenitor proliferation and differentiation generate mature endodermis, marked by the Casparian strip, a cell-wall modification that prevents ion diffusion into and out of the vasculature. We identified a transcription factor, MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 36 (MYB36), that regulates the transition from proliferation to differentiation in the endodermis. We show that SCARECROW directly activates MYB36 expression, and that MYB36 likely acts in a feed-forward loop to regulate essential Casparian strip formation genes. We show that myb36 mutants have delayed and defective barrier formation as well as extra divisions in the meristem. Our results demonstrate that MYB36 is a critical positive regulator of differentiation and negative regulator of cell proliferation.
ENERGY STORAGE AND MANAGEMENT FOR A SMALL SERIES PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE (2010)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are gaining increasing interest for both residential and commercial transportation applications. In PHEV design, energy storage system (EES) is a critical component which will impact the overall design efficiency, performance, cost and etc. This dissertation aims to design an advanced energy storage system for a small plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, whose performance will approach very closely to the optimal possible, in terms of energy efficiency and acceleration, for passenger road vehicles application. Moreover, practical automotive requirements are considered during ESS design, such as cost, life time, safety and volume. This dissertation utilizes ultracapacitors in conjunction with Lithium-ion batteries to
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Inversion of Configuration of N‐Boc‐β‐aminoalcohols via S<sub>N</sub>2 Cyclization to Oxazolidinones. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MobiCom 2010 Poster: Mobile TCP Usage Characteristics and the Feasibility of Network Migration without Infrastructure Support (2010)

In this poster we describe initial findings regarding Internet usage characteristics, in particular TCP flows from a field study with 27 iPhone 3GS users. We present details regarding their usage characteristics, and provide a solution for migrating flows between different networks and/or network interfaces without requiring infrastructure support or changes to current applications and protocols, with minimal impact to the user. I.