gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trace Elements and Lipid Peroxidation Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure (1991)

Plasma selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels and antioxidant metalloenzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were studied in 17 patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) (group I), 14 uremic patients (group II) and 14 healthy subjects (group III). Plasma Se levels and erythrocyte GPX were significantly lower in the HD group (for Se: 0.69 +/- 0.12 vs. 1.05 +/- 0.13 mumol/l in controls; for erythrocyte GPX: 34.4 +/- 6.4 vs. 49.2 +/- 9 IU/g hemoglobin in controls) and a significant correlation was found between the two parameters (r = 0.66, p less than 0.005). There was also a correlation between decreased plasma Zn and erythrocyte SOD activity (r = 0.58, p less than 0.02) and between decreased plasma Cu and erythrocyte SOD (r = 0.60, p less than 0.02). Plasma malondialdehyde levels were augmented in HD patients (5.08 +/- 0.26 vs. 2.55 +/- 0.15 mumol/l in controls and 2.79 +/- 0.40 mumol/l in the uremic group). The catalase activity was increased in HD patients (202 +/- 24 vs. 140 +/- 40 IU/mg hemoglobin in group III). A defective antioxidant activity may thus contribute to increased peroxidative damage to cells in the course of dialysis.
Limits on the Space Launch Market Related to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (2009)

Solid rocket motors (SRMs) and liquid rocket engines (LREs) deplete the global ozone layer in various capacities. We estimate global ozone depletion from rockets as a function of payload launch rate and relative mix of SRM and LRE rocket emissions. Currently, global rocket launches deplete the ozone layer ∼0.03%, an insignificant fraction of the depletion caused by other ozone depletion substances (ODSs). As the space industry grows and ODSs fade from the stratosphere, ozone depletion from rockets could become significant. This raises the possibility of regulation of space launch systems in the name of ozone protection. Large uncertainties in our understanding of ozone loss caused by rocket engines leave open the possibility that launch systems might be limited to as little as several tens of kilotons per year, comparable to the launch requirements of proposed space systems such as spaceplanes, space solar power, and space reflectors to mitigate climate change. The potential for limitations on launch systems due to idiosyncratic regulation to protect the ozone layer present a risk to space industrial development. The risk is particularly acute with regard to the economic rationale to develop low-cost, high flight rate launch systems.
Palynological Interpretation of Frontier Environments in Central Wyoming (1971)

Jack D. Burgess, Palynological Interpretation of Frontier Environments in Central Wyoming, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Vol. 2, Geoscience and Man, Volume 3. Proceedings of the Second Annual Meeting, October 1969 (1971), pp. 69-82
Assessing Site Vulnerability to Phosphorus Loss in an Agricultural Watershed (2001)

A P index was developed as a tool to rank agricultural fields on the basis of P loss vulnerability, helping to target remedial P management options within watersheds. We evaluated two approaches, a soil P threshold and components of a P index, by comparing site vulnerability estimates derived from these two approaches with measured runoff P losses in an agricultural watershed in Pennsylvania. Rainfall-surface runoff simulations (70 mm h(-1) for 30 min) were conducted on 57 sites representing the full range of soil P concentrations and management conditions found in the watershed. Each site was comprised of two, abutting 2-m2 runoff plots, serving as duplicate observations. For sites that had not received P additions for at least six months prior to the study, Mehlich-3 P concentration was strongly associated with dissolved P concentrations (r2 = 0.86) and losses (r2 = 0.83) in surface runoff, as well as with total P concentration (r2 = 0.80) and loss (r2 = 0.74). However, Mehlich-3 P alone was poorly correlated with runoff P from sites receiving manure within three weeks prior to rainfall. The P index effectively described 88 and 83% of the variability in dissolved P concentrations and losses from all sites in the watershed, and P index ratings exhibited strong associations with total P concentrations (r2 = 0.81) and losses (r2 = 0.79). When site-specific observations were extrapolated to all fields in the watershed, management recommendations derived from a P index approach were less restrictive than those derived from the soil P threshold approach, better reflecting the low P loads exported from the watershed.
A Comparative Study of Fingerprint Image-Quality Estimation Methods (2007)

One of the open issues in fingerprint verification is the lack of robustness against image-quality degradation. Poor-quality images result in spurious and missing features, thus degrading the performance of the overall system. Therefore, it is important for a fingerprint recognition system to estimate the quality and validity of the captured fingerprint images. In this work, we review existing approaches for fingerprint image-quality estimation, including the rationale behind the published measures and visual examples showing their behavior under different quality conditions. We have also tested a selection of fingerprint image-quality estimation algorithms. For the experiments, we employ the BioSec multimodal baseline corpus, which includes 19 200 fingerprint images from 200 individuals acquired in two sessions with three different sensors. The behavior of the selected quality measures is compared, showing high correlation between them in most cases. The effect of low-quality samples in the verification performance is also studied for a widely available minutiae-based fingerprint matching system.
Carbon nanotube as a Cherenkov-type light emitter and free electron laser (2009)

A mechanism of stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation by an electron beam in carbon nanotubes is theoretically considered. Three basic properties of carbon nanotubes: a strong slowing down of surface electromagnetic waves, ballisticity of the electron motion over typical nanotube length, and extremely high electron current density reachable in nanotubes, allow proposition of them as candidates for the development of nanoscale Cherenkov-type emitters, analogous to traveling-wave tube and free electron laser. Dispersion equations of the electron-beam instability and the threshold conditions of the stimulated emission have been derived and analyzed, demonstrating realizability of the nanotube-based nano-free electron lasers at realistic parameters of nanotubes and electronic beams.
Assessment and Comparison of the Condylar Guidance by Protrusive Interocclusal Records and Panoramic Radiographic Imaging in Edentulous and Dentulous Individuals (2018)

Aim: To compare the condylar guidance angle obtained by extraoral Gothic arch tracing, protrusive interocclusal records (IORs), and orthopantomogram (OPG) in completely edentulous and dentulous subjects.
Structure and Total Synthesis of Aspernigerin: A Novel Cytotoxic Endophyte Metabolite (2006)

Aspernigerin (1), a novel cytotoxic alkaloid consisting of an unprecedented structural framework has been isolated from the extract of a culture of Aspergillus niger IFB-E003, an endophyte in Cyndon dactylon. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of comprehensive NMR spectral analysis and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Aspernigerin (1) has been shown to be cytotoxic to the tumor cell lines nasopharynyeal epidermoid KB, cervical carcinoma Hela, and colorectal carcinoma SW1116 with corresponding IC(50) values of 22, 46, and 35 microM, respectively. A feasible total synthetic route for aspernigerin (1) has been established for further pharmacological research.
EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF (±)-seco-CYCLOPROPANEINDOLINE ANALOGS OF CC-1065 (2001)

An efficient method for the preparation of racemic seco-cyclopropaneindoline, or seco-CI, analogs of the anticancer agent CC1065 is described. The syntheses of seco-CI compounds containing either 5,6,7-trimethoxyindole-2-carbonyl, 4, or 5-(benzofuran-2carboxamido)indole-2-carbonyl, 10, or 2-(4-N,N-diethyl)aminophenyl)benzimidazole-6carbonyl, 11, or 4-(4-butanamido-l-methylpyrrole-2-carboxamido)-l-methylpyrrole-2-carbonyl, 12, subunit are detailed. At concentrations, compounds 4,10-12 inhibited the growth of human leukemic K562 cells in culture.
The Vinyl Reactivity of (η<sup>5</sup>-Vinylcyclopentadienyl)dicarbonylnitrosylchromium. A Novel Vinyl Organometallic Monomer (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Vinyl Reactivity of (η5-Vinylcyclopentadienyl)dicarbonylnitrosylchromium. A Novel Vinyl Organometallic MonomerCharles U. Pittman, Thane D. Rounsefell, Edwin A. Lewis, John E. Sheats, Bruce H. Edwards, Marvin D. Rausch, and Eric A. MintzCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 3, 560–565Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60063a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60063a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthese einiger Porphyrine vom Ätioporphyrin III-Typ, sowie eines Tetramethyl-tripropionsäure-porphins. (1930)

Article Synthese einiger Porphyrine vom Ätioporphyrin III-Typ, sowie eines Tetramethyl-tripropionsäure-porphins. was published on January 1, 1930 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 191, issue 1-2).
Determination of the Processing Sites of an <i>Arabidopsis</i> 2S Albumin and Characterization of the Complete Gene Family (1988)

The most abundant isoform of the 2S albumin present in seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana has been sequenced and the corresponding gene isolated. Examination of the protein and DNA sequences allows the determination of the exact proteolytic cleavage sites during posttranslational processing. Like other 2S albumins, that of Arabidopsis is made as a prepropeptide. After removal of the signal peptide, the propeptide is cleaved at four other points, giving two subunits linked by a disulfide bridge(s). Comparison of these cleavage sites with those of 2S albumins of Brassica napus and Bertholletia excelsa suggests that while individual cleavage sites between species are conserved, the four processing sites within a species are not similar, suggesting that up to four different proteases may be involved in processing 2S albumins. The Arabidopsis 2S albumin gene was used to isolate the entire gene family. There are four genes, tightly linked in a tandem array. None of the genes contains an intron. Comparison of the predicted protein sequences shows that only one of the genes can encode the isoform determined by protein analysis to be the most abundant, and therefore this gene is certain to be expressed. It is possible that some or all of the other three genes are also active.
Precipitation and Transformation of the Three Polymorphs of <scp>d</scp>-Mannitol (2010)

In this work, the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of d-mannitol’s three polymorphs and their transformations are addressed. Scalable and reproducible syntheses of the solid-state forms are presented, and a mathematical model to describe a three-polymorph transformation is discussed in detail. It is shown that, for certain initial solute concentrations, the α polymorph nucleates first and then transforms through the β form to the γ form. Moreover, a supersaturation threshold to nucleate the α form has been observed, and below this threshold value, the γ form nucleates. A theoretical analysis demonstrates that this behavior can be predicted and that this experimental observation is physically sound.
A neural network embedded processor with a dynamically reconfigurable pipeline architecture (2003)

A neural network embedded processor with a dynamically reconfigurable pipeline architecture is described. The processor dynamically changes connections between arithmetic units and memories to obtain the optimum pipeline configuration at every step of the network calculation. The processor attains a learning speed of 18 million connection updates per second (MCUPS), which is approximately 20 times that of the conventional digital signal processor. This processor provides expansibility in the calculation through a larger multilayer network by means of a network decomposition and a distributed processing approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Separation Control on Low-Pressure Turbine Airfoils Using Synthetic Vortex Generator Jets (2003)

Oscillating vortex generator jets have been used to control boundary layer separation from the suction side of a low-pressure turbine airfoil. A low Reynolds number (Re=25,000) case with low free-stream turbulence has been investigated with detailed measurements including profiles of mean and fluctuating velocity and turbulent shear stress. Ensemble averaged profiles are computed for times within the jet pulsing cycle, and integral parameters and local skin friction coefficients are computed from these profiles. The jets are injected into the mainflow at a compound angle through a spanwise row of holes in the suction surface. Preliminary tests showed that the jets were effective over a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes. Detailed tests were conducted with a maximum blowing ratio of 4.7 and a dimensionless oscillation frequency of 0.65. The outward pulse from the jets in each oscillation cycle causes a disturbance to move down the airfoil surface. The leading and trailing edge celerities for the disturbance match those expected for a turbulent spot. The disturbance is followed by a calmed region. Following the calmed region, the boundary layer does separate, but the separation bubble remains very thin. Results are compared to an uncontrolled baseline case in which the boundary layer separated and did not reattach, and a case controlled passively with a rectangular bar on the suction surface. The comparison indicates that losses will be substantially lower with the jets than in the baseline or passively controlled cases.
Optimization of Extraction of Anthocyanins from Black Currants with Aqueous Ethanol (2003)

ABSTRACT: Extraction of anthocyanins from black currants using aqueous ethanol was optimized for yield and antioxidant activity. The process variable having the most effect on the extraction was the solvent to solid ratio, which increased phenolic extraction in the whole range from 0 to 19 L/kg. Total phenolics increased with ethanol concentration up to a maximum at about 60% and then decreased with further increase in solvent concentration irrespective of the solvent to solid ratio. Temperature only affected the extraction of anthocyanins. Increasing the temperature beyond 30 to 35 °C resulted in degradation of anthocyanins and reduction of yields. Variation in extract composition was not sufficiently large to affect antioxidant activity.
Fuzzy Logic Enhanced Speed Control System of a VSI-Fed Three Phase Induction Motor (2005)

In closed loop speed control, the speed loop error signal controls the PWM inverter frequency and voltage. The control strategy can be implemented by scalar control and vector control. Though so many researches have been carried on vector control of induction motor, scalar control is rather simple to implement and there is a lot of scope to make the control system of the induction machine robust through scalar control. A speed control with closed loop flux improves the performance of the machine under v/f control. The flux feedback signal can be estimated from machine terminal quantities as current and speed and then solving first order simultaneous differential equations. But complications arise with the numerical solution of differential equations. The numerical solution of such problem requires iterations that lead to a massive amount of communication delay. Moreover numerical solutions of machine's differential equations need uniform and periodic sampling of line quantities that is the limitations of many data acquisition hardware. In this paper, fuzzy-mapping technique is proposed as a substitute of the conventional method in the machine control application to make the overall control efficient in real time.
Uncovering Novel Reproductive Defects in Neurokinin B Receptor Null Mice: Closing the Gap Between Mice and Men (2012)

Patients bearing mutations in TAC3 and TACR3 (which encode neurokinin B and its receptor, respectively) have sexual infantilism and infertility due to GnRH deficiency. In contrast, Tacr3(-/-) mice have previously been reported to be fertile. Because of this apparent phenotypic discordance between mice and men bearing disabling mutations in Tacr3/TACR3, Tacr3 null mice were phenotyped with close attention to pubertal development, estrous cyclicity, and fertility. Tacr3(-/-) mice demonstrated normal timing of preputial separation and day of first estrus, markers of sexual maturation. However, at postnatal d 60, Tacr3(-/-) males had significantly smaller testes and lower FSH levels than their wild-type littermates. Tacr3(-/-) females had lower uterine weights and abnormal estrous cyclicity. Approximately half of Tacr3(-/-) females had no detectable corpora lutea on ovarian histology at postnatal d 60. Despite this apparent ovulatory defect, all Tacr3(-/-) females achieved fertility when mated. However, Tacr3(-/-) females were subfertile, having both reduced numbers of litters and pups per litter. The subfertility of these animals was not due to a primary ovarian defect, because they demonstrated a robust response to exogenous gonadotropins. Thus, although capable of fertility, Tacr3-deficient mice have central reproductive defects. The remarkable ability of acyclic female Tacr3 null mice to achieve fertility is reminiscent of the reversal of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism seen in a high proportion of human patients bearing mutations in TACR3. Tacr3 mice are a useful model to examine the mechanisms by which neurokinin B signaling modulates GnRH release.
Using Deep Kalman Filter to Predict Drilling Time Series (2019)

Abstract Drilling automation design can benefit from simulated data. A drilling timeseries simulator can enrich the dataset for testing, and enable the inference of the drilling states in real time; however, conventional simulators based on simplified physical models usually lack the vivid patterns seen in real datasets. In this paper, we present a solution that uses a deep neural network-based Kalman filter. This system learns from real data, characterizes the different drilling responses, and conditions the data. The dynamics of a rig drilling system can be modeled as G(P, E, U) → Z, where P is the plant of the rig mechanical system, E the environment (i.e., the earth, formations, etc.), U the rig controls (e.g., the top drive RPM, the flow rate, etc.), and Z the measurement (e.g., the hookload). The dynamics can be described with a non-linear Kalman filter. The Kalman filter contains components of internal states, inputs, and measurements, and transfer functions for the internal states, inputs, and measurements. We model these transfer functions with deep neural networks, and solve these transfer functions by training with real data. The implemented deep neural network model contains components of convolutional neural network layers, long short-term memory layers, and deconvolutional layers. We trained the neural network with a real drilling datasets. Two experiments are presented. In the first one, the inputs are time-windowed multiple channels of RPM, block position, slip status, flow rate, and weight on bit, and the outputs are the response channels of torque, ROP, hookload, standpipe pressure, etc. The training accuracy achieved 99.5% after 50 epochs. In the second experiment, the network is trained to predict 16 rig states. In summary, the introduced deep neural network is a generic model for generating simulated time series and classification tasks.
Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (n-hexane, benzene, toluene, o-xylene) promoted by cobalt catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3-CeO2 (2014)

Cobalt catalysts supported on γ-alumina, ceria and γ-alumina-ceria, with 10 or 20%wt of cobalt load, prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET/BJH methods), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), O2-chemisorption and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) were used to promote the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (n-hexane, benzene, toluene and o-xylene). For a range of low temperatures (50-350 °C), the activity of the catalysts with a higher cobalt load (20% wt) was greater than that of the catalysts with a lower cobalt load (10% wt). The Co/γ-Al2O3-CeO2 catalytic systems presented the best performances. The results obtained in the characterization suggest that the higher catalytic activity of the Co20/γ-Al2O3-CeO2 catalyst may be attributed to the higher metal content and amount of oxygen vacancies, as well as the effects of the interaction between the cobalt and the alumina and cerium oxides.
DAMLJessKB: a tool for reasoning with the Semantic Web (2003)

Fully realizing the Semantic Web vision will require practical tools. We believe that DAMLJessKB is one such tool. As more and more Web sites, network services, databases, and knowledge bases look to DAML as a de facto representation syntax, we hope that DAMLJessKB will become one in a suite of tools that let users truly leverage the shared semantics.
Integrating Information Systems into the World Wide Web (2001)

IS. Information systems dynamically generate their contents and thus require some mapping mechanism to automatically map the generated content to hypertext constructs (nodes, links, etc.).Information systems include financial information systems, accounting information systems, database management systems, geographic information systems, expert systems, and decision support systems.
Early Experiences in the Treatment of Falciparum Malaria From Southeast Asia (1968)

Four hundred and twenty-six patients had 859 episodes of malaria due to<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>in late 1965. An analysis of the results of therapy reveals the following data: chloroquine was successful as treatment in 11% of the cases, quinine in 50%, chloroquine and quinine in 35%, pyrimethamine in 91%, quinine and pyrimethamine in 95%, and all three drugs combined in 80% Quinine alone was more effective, when used for 13 days or longer, than when used for 12 days or less. Chloroquine had a dose-related inhibitory effect on the success rate when combined with quinine. The best combination used was quinine and pyrimethamine.