gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Slam Model of Domestic Airline Passenger Fares and the Contract Air Service Program. (1986)

This thesis develops a prototype simulation model to assist in evaluating the benefits of the Contract Air Service Program. This program provides special fares for government employees traveling on official business aboard certain scheduled domestic flights. Because deregulation of the airline industry has generated a profusion of discount fares, a model is needed to evaluate the contract fares against a cross section of fares rather than full coach fares alone, as has been done in the past. Route selection for the model was based on passenger volumes and full coach fares. All combinations of passenger volumes and fares were represented in the initial selection of routes. Only routes with low total costs and, therefore, little impact on potential savings were discarded from further consideration. Discount fares for each route were selected to represent the entire spectrum of restrictions. The scope of government travel characteristics required for the model were identified. Parameters were established to exercise the model's ability to apply discount fares for eligible travelers. The results of the research prove the feasibility of implementing simulation as an improved means for evaluating the effectiveness of the Contract Air Service Program. Recommendations for the development of a comprehensive model are discussed. Keywords: Travel, commercial transportation, air transportation, computerized simulation, network flows.
Primary school notebook (1973)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsPeter Street Peter Street is Adviser in Religious Education in Essex.
Real-time human motion forecasting using a RGB camera (2018)

We propose a real-time human motion forecasting system which visualize the future pose in virtual reality using a RGB camera. Our system consists of three parts: 2D pose estimation from RGB frames using a residual neural network, 2D pose forecasting using a recurrent neural network, and 3D recovery from the predicted 2D pose using a residual linear network. To improve the prediction learning quantity of temporal feature, we propose a special method using lattice optical flow for the joints movement estimation. After fitting the skeleton, a predicted 3d model of target human will be built 0.5s in advance in a 30-fps video.
In search of illumination invariants (2001)

We consider the problem of determining functions of an image of an object that are insensitive to illumination changes. We rst show that for an object with Lambertian re ectance there are no discriminative functions that are invariant to illumination. We do this by showing that given any two images, one can construct a single Lambertian object that can produce both images under two very simple lighting conditions. This result leads us to adopt a probabilistic approach in which we analytically determine a probability distribution for the image gradient as a function of the surface&apos;s geometry and re ectance. Our distribution reveals that the direction of the image gradient is insensitive to changes in illumination direction. We verify this empirically by constructing a distribution for the image gradient from more than 20 million samples of gradients in a database of 1,280 images of 20 inanimate objects taken under varying lighting conditions. Using this distribution, we develop an illumination insensitive measure of image comparison and test it on the problem of face recognition. This paper is based on \\Comparing Images Under Variable Illumination, &amp;quot; by Jacobs, Belhumeur, and Basri, which
A Designed Point Mutant in Fis1 Disrupts Dimerization and Mitochondrial Fission (2012)

Mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission are essential processes with defects resulting in cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality. Central to organelle fission is Fis1, a monomeric tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-like protein whose role in assembly of the fission machinery remains obscure. Two nonfunctional, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fis1 mutants (L80P or E78D/I85T/Y88H) were previously identified in genetic screens. Here, we find that these two variants in the cytosolic domain of Fis1 (Fis1ΔTM) are unexpectedly dimeric. A truncation variant of Fis1ΔTM that lacks an N-terminal regulatory domain is also found to be dimeric. The ability to dimerize is a property innate to the native Fis1ΔTM amino acid sequence as we find this domain is dimeric after transient exposure to elevated temperature or chemical denaturants and is kinetically trapped at room temperature. This is the first demonstration of a specific self-association in solution for the Fis1 cytoplasmic domain. We propose a three-dimensional domain-swapped model for dimerization that is validated by a designed mutation, A72P, which potently disrupts dimerization of wild-type Fis1. A72P also disrupts dimerization of nonfunctional variants, indicating a common structural basis for dimerization. The obligate monomer variant A72P, like the dimer-promoting variants, is nonfunctional in fission, consistent with a model in which Fis1 activity depends on its ability to interconvert between monomer and dimer species. These studies suggest a new functionally important manner in which TPR-containing proteins may reversibly self-associate.
A study of some strontium aluminates and calcium-strontium aluminate solid solutions (1955)

Tristront ium a luminate hexahy drate, 3SrO.AI,Oa 6H 20 , was prepared h yd rot her ma ll y as well as by various methods employing ordinary te mperat ures and at mospheric p ress urc. It crystalli zes in t he isometric system, with a uni t cell ed ge of 13.04 A, an d h as a refractive index of 1.588. It is iso morphous with 3CaOAl,03 6H20 , a n d a co mplete seri es of soli d solutions exists between the two. No eviden ce was foun d of hexagon a l hydra ted stron t iu m alu mi nates analogous to t hose of calci um. T ristron t iu m alu min ate hexahy drate is sta ble up t o about 454 0 Cat 420 at mospheres water vapor pressure. On e of t he produ cts of hydrot herma l decomposition ap pears to have t he composit ion 5SrO4AI20 a This com poun d breaks down on being heated, for ming SrOAJ, Oa an d 3SrO AI,Oa. Atte mpts to pre pa re a strontia-alumina-sili ea hyd rogarnet were unsuccessful.
An Evaluation of Vectorizing Compilers (2011)

Most of today's processors include vector units that have been designed to speedup single threaded programs. Although vector instructions can deliver high performance, writing vector code in assembly language or using intrinsics in high level languages is a time consuming and error-prone task. The alternative is to automate the process of vectorization by using vectorizing compilers. This paper evaluates how well compilers vectorize a synthetic benchmark consisting of 151 loops, two application from Petascale Application Collaboration Teams (PACT), and eight applications from Media Bench II. We evaluated three compilers: GCC (version 4.7.0), ICC (version 12.0) and XLC (version 11.01). Our results show that despite all the work done in vectorization in the last 40 years 45-71% of the loops in the synthetic benchmark and only a few loops from the real applications are vectorized by the compilers we evaluated.
Broadband infrared photoluminescence in silicon nanowires with high density stacking faults (2014)

Making silicon an efficient light-emitting material is an important goal of silicon photonics. Here we report the observation of broadband sub-bandgap photoluminescence in silicon nanowires with a high density of stacking faults. The photoluminescence becomes stronger and exhibits a blue shift under higher laser powers. The super-linear dependence on excitation intensity indicates a strong competition between radiative and defect-related non-radiative channels, and the spectral blue shift is ascribed to the band filling effect in the heterostructures of wurtzite silicon and cubic silicon created by stacking faults.
Involvement of the Actin Cytoskeleton and Homotypic Membrane Fusion in ER Dynamics in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (2005)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major intracellular membrane system. The ER is essential for protein and lipid biosynthesis, transport of proteins along the secretory pathway, and calcium storage. Here, we describe our investigations into the dynamics and regulation of the ER in the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. Using a GFP fusion to the ER-resident signal peptidase SP12, we observed the morphological transitions of the ER through fertilization and the early cell-cycles in living embryos. These transitions were tightly coordinated with the division cycle: upon onset of mitosis, the ER formed structured sheets that redispersed at the initiation of cleavage. Although microtubules were not required for the transition of the ER between these different states, the actin cytoskeleton facilitated the dispersal of the ER at the end of mitosis. The ER had an asymmetric distribution in the early embryo, which was dependent on the establishment of polarity by the PAR proteins. The small GTPase ARF-1 played an essential role in the ER dynamics, although this function appeared to be unrelated to the role of ARF-1 in vesicular traffic. In addition, the ER-resident heat shock protein BiP and a homologue of the AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 were found to be crucial for the ER transitions. Both proteins have been implicated in homotypic ER membrane fusion. We provide evidence that homotypic membrane fusion is required to form the sheet structure in the early embryo.
Transforming growth factor β as regulator of cancer stemness and metastasis (2016)

Key elements of cancer progression towards metastasis are the biological actions of cancer stem cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment. Cross-communication between tumour and stromal cells is mediated by secreted cytokines, one of which, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), regulates essentially every cell within the malignant tissue. In this article, we focus on the actions of TGFβ on cancer stem cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells that assist the overall process of metastatic dissemination. We aim at illustrating intricate connections made by various cells in the tumour tissue and which depend on the action of TGFβ.
Long-Range Electronic Coupling in Bis(cyclometalated) Ruthenium Complexes (1998)

Symmetrical and unsymmetrical ligands containing terpyridyl coordinating units (N, N, N) or a cyclometalating equivalent (N, C, N), connected back-to-back either directly or via a p-terphenylene or 1,3-phenylene spacer, have been used to construct new diruthenium complexes. These compounds incorporate various terdentate chelates as capping ligands, to allow a double control of the electronic properties of each subcomplex and of the ensemble: via the terminal ligand or through the bridging fragment. Electronic coupling was studied from the intervalence transitions observed in several bimetallic ruthenium complexes of the bis(cyclometalated) type differing by the substitution of a nitrogen atom by carbon in the terminal terpyridyl unit. The largest metal−metal interaction was found in complexes for which the terminal complexing unit is of the 1,3-di-2-pyridylbenzene type, i.e., with the carbon atom located on the metal−metal C2 axis of the molecule. Investigations of the mechanism of interaction by extended Hückel calculations showed that the replacement of nitrogen by carbon raises the filled ligand levels, increasing the mixing with ligand orbitals and thus the metal−metal coupling. Finally, the intervalence transition was still observed for a bridging ligand containing three phenylene units as spacers, corresponding to a 24-Å metal−metal distance.
Definitive But Not Primitive Hematopoiesis Is Impaired injumonji Mutant Mice (1999)

A novel gene, jumonji was identified by a mouse gene trap strategy. The jumonji gene encodes a protein containing a putative DNA binding domain. The mice homozygous for jumonji gene with a BALB/cA genetic background show hypoplasia of the fetal liver and embryonic lethality, suggesting impaired hematopoiesis. In the peripheral blood of jumonji mutant embryos, the number of fetal liver-derived definitive erythrocytes, but not yolk sac-derived primitive erythrocytes, showed a marked reduction, suggesting that jumonji mutants die of anemia. The defects of definitive erythrocytes in jumonji mutants seemed to be caused by a decrease in the numbers of multiple hematopoietic progenitors including colony-forming unit-spleen (CFU-S) in the fetal liver. However, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the fetal liver of jumonji mutants could reconstitute the hematopoietic system of lethally irradiated recipients. In the fetal liver, the jumonji gene is expressed in fibroblastic cells and endothelial cells, but not in Lin-/c-Kit+/Sca-1(+) cells known to include HSCs. These results suggest that an environmental defect induce the impaired hematopoiesis in the fetal liver of jumonji mutant embryos.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on fetal spinal grafts: an experimental study. (2000)

In neural transplantation, lack of oxygen supply to the graft in acute stage is an important problem. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on fetal spinal grafts. Spinal cord tissues obtained from 16-day fetal rats were transplanted into the spinal cord of adult Wistar rats (n = 30). After transplantation, they were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15 for each group); Group 1 received transplant alone, group 2 received transplant and HBO2 therapy consisting of 100% oxygen at 2.5 atm abs for 90 min twice a day for 7 days. Seven days after their surgery, all animals were killed for histologic examination. Degenerative changes, parenchymal integrity, host spinal cord edema, and vascularization of the graft were scored on a 3-point scale. Scores of these parameters were statistically analyzed. The graft survival rates in groups 1 and 2 were 54.5% and 71.4%, respectively. Animals treated with HBO2 showed statistically less spinal cord edema than the untreated groups (P < 0.05). Parenchymal integrity was also significantly better in this group (P < 0.05). The results indicate that edema reduction effect of HBO2 prevents the displacement of graft from the gap and contributes to the integration between the graft and host.
Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells is associated with downregulation of  4 integrin- and CXCR4-mediated engraftment in NOD/SCID  2-microglobulin-null mice (2009)

Our data show that ex vivo culture of hematopoietic progenitor cells is associated with downregulation of both alpha4 integrin- and CXCR4-mediated engraftment. Further investigations suggest that this is caused by supraphysiological increase of alpha4 integrin affinity, which impairs directional migration across vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in response to stromal cell-derived factor-1. Such changes may underlie the engraftment defect of cytokine-stimulated CD34(+) cells.
Kaolin Addition during Biomass Combustion in a 35 MW Circulating Fluidized-Bed Boiler (2007)

Kaolin addition to a 35 MW circulating fluidized-bed boiler, fired with forestry residues, was performed to study the effect on bottom and fly ash. Ash samples from a period of kaolin dosage were compared with ash samples without kaolin. The samples were analyzed for elemental composition, water solubility, and mineralogical composition. The cross-section of bed particles was examined for elements. The agglomeration temperature of the material from the particle seal was determined. The kaolin, in the form of a fine powder, was supplied to the particle seal. It was found to be carried by the flue gases to the electrostatic filter rather than staying in the bed. Despite this, alkali is removed from the furnace by the kaolin, and thereby, the agglomeration temperature of the bed material increases. The alkali ends up in the fly ash, in which the content of alkali increases and the solubility of alkali decreases, suggesting that alkali aluminum silicates have been formed. These compounds have high melting points and are therefore unlikely to become liquid and stick to the surface of superheaters. A small fraction of the kaolin stays in the furnace by forming a thin layer on bed particles. It is concluded that kaolin addition can significantly enhance the operation of a fluidized bed fired with biofuels both with respect to superheater deposition and corrosion and bed agglomeration. The results show that findings in small-scale reactors are also valid in large-scale combustors. However, under the present circumstances, most kaolin ends up as fly ash.
Singular value decomposition analysis of a photoacoustic imaging system and 3D imaging at 07 FPS (2011)

Photoacoustic imaging is a non-ionizing imaging modality that provides contrast consistent with optical imaging techniques while the resolution and penetration depth is similar to ultrasound techniques. In a previous publication [Opt. Express 18, 11406 (2010)], a technique was introduced to experimentally acquire the imaging operator for a photoacoustic imaging system. While this was an important foundation for future work, we have recently improved the experimental procedure allowing for a more densely populated imaging operator to be acquired. Subsets of the imaging operator were produced by varying the transducer count as well as the measurement space temporal sampling rate. Examination of the matrix rank and the effect of contributing object space singular vectors to image reconstruction were performed. For a PAI system collecting only limited data projections, matrix rank increased linearly with transducer count and measurement space temporal sampling rate. Image reconstruction using a regularized pseudoinverse of the imaging operator was performed on photoacoustic signals from a point source, line source, and an array of point sources derived from the imaging operator. As expected, image quality increased for each object with increasing transducer count and measurement space temporal sampling rate. Using the same approach, but on experimentally sampled photoacoustic signals from a moving point-like source, acquisition, data transfer, reconstruction and image display took 1.4 s using one laser pulse per 3D frame. With relatively simple hardware improvements to data transfer and computation speed, our current imaging results imply that acquisition and display of 3D photoacoustic images at laser repetition rates of 10Hz is easily achieved.
Radar signature of the sea surface perturbed by rain (2003)

The attenuation and reflectivity of drops falling through the atmosphere affects the radar signature of the sea surface. Another, much less documented, effect is the perturbation of the surface roughness due to the impacting drops. It is the subject of the present paper. As for the surface description, the present authors refer to the rain-only experiments performed by Bliven et al. (1997) at the NASA/WallopslRain-Sea Interaction Facility. These experiments consisted of wire-probe measurements of a water surface perturbed by rain, which was generated by a simulator with 2.8 mm drops placed at 13 m height; this height enabled the drops to fall practically at terminal velocity. The observed frequency spectrum S/sub f/ has been modelled by a log-Gaussian shape and then transformed to an isotropic surface spectrum with the help of the dispersion relationship of surface waves w(K). The present authors decided to introduce two minor improvements in this model. First, for very small rain rates, the surface roughness tends toward the superposition of independent ring-waves. Hence, they decided to linearize the peak value of the spectrum S/sub f,peak/ between O and 5 mm hr/sup -1/. Secondly, they introduced an exponential law to represent the high frequency tail (f>12 Hz) of the rain spectrum. As for the wind-only spectrum the used model is the fully-developed limit of the model proposed by Lemaire et al. In a first approach, they assume that the rain spectrum simply adds to the wind-only spectrum. The related nonlinearities are described.
PDR-based adaptation for user-progress in interactive navigation system (2013)

Recently, indoor pedestrian navigation systems have attracted attentions of people. We have been developing an interactive pedestrian navigation system and found that the navigation system could not provide enough sense of reassurance for a user according to our preliminary experiment. In this study, we propose a method to improve the user's sense of reassurance by notifying user's level of achievement sensed by their smart phone sensors and conduct the experiment in the Osaka underground city. According to the questionnaire survey that we conducted after the experiment, people who chose affirmative opinions on a sense of reassurance increased by 45% due to the proposed method.
Direct selective laser sintering of metals (1995)

Abstract Considers efforts to date to produce parts by direct selective laser sintering (SLS) of metals, including post processing to improve structural integrity and/or to induce a transformation. Provides a brief overview of the basic principles of SLS machine operation, and discusses materials issues affecting direct SLS of metals and the resultant properties and microstructures of the parts. Reviews results of past efforts on SLS of metal systems such as Cu‐Sn, Cu‐Solder (Pb‐Sn), Ni‐Sn, pre‐alloyed bronze (Cu‐Sn). Finally discusses more recent efforts on SLS of bronze‐nickel powder mixtures in greater detail.
Antibacterial activity of oleanolic and ursolic acids and their derivatives (2010)

Abstract Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing at an alarming rate and many commonly used antibiotics are no longer effective. Thus, there is considerable interest in investigating novel antibacterial compounds, such as the plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids, including oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and their derivatives. These compounds can be isolated from many medicinal and crop plants and their antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory effects are well documented. OA and UA are active against many bacterial species, particularly Gram-positive species, including mycobacteria. They inhibit bacterial growth and survival, and the spectrum of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values is very broad. In addition, OA, UA and their derivatives display potent antimutagenic activity. Studies to identify the cellular targets and molecular mechanisms of OA and UA action were initiated a few years ago and it has already been demonstrated that both acids influence bacterial gene expression, the formation and maintenance of biofilms, cell autolysis and peptidoglycan turnover. Before these compounds can be used clinically as antimicrobial agents, further extensive studies are required to determine their cytotoxicity and the optimum mode of their application.
Load-current-sharing control for parallel operation of DC-to-DC converters (2002)

The control strategy for parallel operation of multiple converters is investigated. Analysis and design considerations of load-current sharing for the parallel system are presented and the superiority of current-balance control is discussed. The prominent features of the load-current sharing and analytical results are confirmed experimentally for a three-paralleled forward-converter system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>