gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nociceptin prevents stress-induced ethanol-but not cocaine-seeking behavior in rats (2000)

This study examined whether nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC), the endogenous ligand of the opioid receptor-like1 (ORL1) receptor, can block drug-seeking behavior induced by foot-shock stress. Male Wistar rats were trained to operantly self-administer ethanol or cocaine, and then subjected to daily extinction training until responding ceased. Subsequent exposure to 15 min of intermittent footshock elicited robust reinstatement of responding at the previously drug-paired lever. NC (0.1-2.0 microg; i.c.v.) significantly inhibited the effects of footshock stress on ethanol- but not cocaine-seeking behavior. The results support the hypothesis that the NC system participates in the regulation of behavioral responses to stress, and that drugs interacting with NC receptors may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of stress-induced alcohol-seeking behavior and relapse.
Phenotypic Patterns of Mononuclear Cells in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (1995)

Both normal hearts and hearts with IDC are populated by leukocytes. The quantitative increase in IDC, associated with a dramatically altered activation status of heart-tissue T cells, suggests a direct role of infiltrating leukocytes in the pathogenesis of IDC.
5th European Antibody Congress 2009 (2010)

The 5th European Antibody Congress (EAC), organized by Terrapin Ltd, was held in Geneva, Switzerland, which was also the location of the 4th EAC.1 With more than 220 delegates, this event was the largest antibody congress held in Europe during 2009. Numerous pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies active in the field of therapeutic antibody development were represented, as were start-up and academic organizations. The global trends in antibody research and development were discussed, including success stories of recent marketing authorizations (catumaxomab, certolizumab pegol, rilonacept, ustekinumab and ofatumumab developed by Fresenius, UCB-Celltech, Regeneron, Centocor and Genmab, respectively) and success and attrition rates for this fast expending class of therapeutics. Case studies covering clinical progress in anti-CD20 (Genmab, LFB) and anti-IGF-1R mAbs (Biogen Idec, Imclone, Merck/Pierre Fabre), antibody-drug conjugates (ImmunoGen, Genentech, Seattle Genetics, Wyeth/Pfizer) and new scaffolds (Ablynx, Adnexus/Bristol-Myers Squibb, Domantis/GlaxoSmithKline, Dyax, Molecular Partners, Scil Proteins) were presented. Major antibody structural improvements were showcased, including the latest global developments in 2-in-1 antibodies (Genentech), dual antibodies (Abbott), trifunctional antibodies (Trion Pharma, Fresenius), agonist antibodies (MedImmune, Kyowa Hakko Kirin), Fc-engineered (Centocor, MedImmune), glyco-engineered (Centocor, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Lonza) aglycosylated IgGs (University of Cambridge) and non-activating formats (Genmab). Improvements of drugability (Pierre Fabre, Pfizer), alternative quantification methods based on mass spectrometry (Novartis, CEA), progress in manufacturing (Biogen Idec, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Merck KG) and patent strategies (Edwards, Angell, Palmer & Dodge) were also discussed. Last but not least, identification of mAbs against new therapeutic targets (Pierre Fabre, Roche, Crucell) and translations to clinical studies (Novartis) were presented, as well as progresses in antibody humanization and engineering (Université de Montpellier, French Army Health Department, Merck-Serono, Pierre Fabre).
Delegated agents for network management (1998)

Current network management depends on centralized monitoring, analysis, and control by operations staff who must manipulate detailed and often obscure element instrumentation. This complex and labor-intensive management paradigm has been stretched to its limits by the scale and complexity of emerging networks. This article describes the use of delegated agents to distribute and automate management functions. With delegated agents, management intelligence can be dynamically embedded in elements and domains so that networked systems can be programmed to be self-managed.
Modern Gnathological Concepts: Updated (1983)

Modern Gnathological Concepts - Updated , Modern Gnathological Concepts - Updated , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا
CHANGES IN THE MECHANISM OF INJURY FOR TRAUMATIC AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN CHILDREN. (2006)

Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center/LABioMed, Torrance, CA (Mink) Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center/LABioMed, Torrance, CA (Nguyen)
Evaluation of the Corrosion Inhibiting Capacity of Silica/Polypyrrole-Oxalate Nanocomposite in Epoxy Coatings (2018)

Silica/Polypyrrole nanocomposites (SiO 2 /PPy) incorporating oxalate as counter anion (SiO 2 /PPyOx) were chemically polymerized in the solution with the presence of pyrrole, silica, and sodium oxalate. Nanocomposites SiO 2 /PPyOx at different concentrations of oxalate anion were characterized with FTIR, XRD, EDX, TGA, and TEM. The corrosion protective properties for carbon steel of nanocomposites in epoxy coating were studied by electrochemical techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP). FTIR results of nanocomposites show a slightly red-shift in terms of wavelength compared with the case of PPy and SiO 2 spectra. It may be due to a better conjugation and interactions between PPy and SiO 2 in nanocomposite structure. TEM image indicated that nanocomposites have spherical morphologies with diameters between 100 and 150 nm. The EIS results showed that <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mo>|</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Z</mml:mi><mml:mo>|</mml:mo></mml:math> modulus values of epoxy coatings containing SiO 2 /PPyOx composites reached about 10 9.7 Ω.cm 2 , always higher than that of epoxy coating. These results are also confirmed by OCP results. It proves that the presence of oxalate anion can enhance the resistance against corrosion and it has been shown that the content of counter anion strongly affects the anticorrosion ability.
Effect of Degradability of Dietary Protein and Fat on Ruminal, Blood, and Milk Components of Jersey and Holstein Cows (1997)

Twelve Holstein cows and 12 Jersey cows were used in six 4 x 4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of the degradability of dietary protein and supplemental dietary fat on milk components. Dietary dry matter contained 16% crude protein with two concentrations of ruminally undegradable protein (RUP) obtained by substituting blood meal for a portion of the soybean meal. Treatments were 1) 29% RUP, 0% added fat; 2) 29% RUP, 2.7% added fat (Ca soaps of fatty acids); 3) 41% RUP, 0% added fat; and 4) 41% RUP, 2.7% added fat. The dry matter of the total mixed ration fed at 1000 and 1400 h consisted of 30% corn silage, 29% alfalfa haylage, and 41% concentrate. Supplemental dietary fat depressed dry matter intake by 6.2%. Plasma urea N was greater at 0700 and 1600 h for Jerseys fed diets containing added fat and greater at 0700 h for Holsteins fed diets containing 41% RUP than for Holsteins fed 0% added fat and 29% RUP. When averaged across both breeds, milk production increased 7.1%, and production of 4% fat-corrected milk by Jerseys increased 8.4%, in response to added dietary fat. Milk protein was reduced when Holstein diets contained 41% RUP. Milk protein content was reduced 7.1 and 3.9%, and milk urea N was increased 4.9 and 8.5%, by added fat and 41% RUP in both breeds, respectively. Added fat reduced the concentration, but not the yield, of milk components. Substitution of blood meal decreased the concentration and yield of milk protein and casein N.
Progressive optimization in a shared-nothing parallel database (2007)

Commercial enterprise data warehouses are typically implemented on parallel databases due to the inherent scalability and performance limitation of a serial architecture. Queries used in such large data warehouses can contain complex predicates as well as multiple joins, and the resulting query execution plans generated by the optimizer may be sub-optimal due to mis-estimates of row cardinalities. Progressive optimization (POP) is an approach to detect cardinality estimation errors by monitoring actual cardinalities at run-time and to recover by triggering re-optimization with the actual cardinalities measured. However, the original serial POP solution is based on a serial processing architecture, and the core ideas cannot be readily applied to a parallel shared-nothing environment. Extending the serial POP to a parallel environment is a challenging problem since we need to determine when and how we can trigger re-optimization based on cardinalities collected from multiple independent nodes. In this paper, we present a comprehensive and practical solution to this problem, including several novel voting schemes whether to trigger re-optimization, a mechanism to reuse local intermediate results across nodes as a partitioned materialized view, several flavors of parallel checkpoint operators, and parallel checkpoint processing methods using efficient communication protocols. This solution has been prototyped in a leading commercial parallel DBMS. We have performed extensive experiments using the TPC-H benchmark and a real-world database. Experimental results show that our solution has negligible runtime overhead and accelerates the performance of complex OLAP queries by up to a factor of 22.
The Role of Molecular Oxygen in the Photodynamic Effect of Phthalocyanines (1986)

Phthalocyanines are a class of mammalian cell photosensitizers which may be useful in photodynamic therapy for cancer. Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate was incubated with Chinese hamster cells in culture and exposed to white light at different concentrations of oxygen. The ability of the cells to form colonies served as an end point for the photobiological effect of the dye. The efficiency of photoinactivation of the sensitized cells decreased with decreasing oxygen concentration. Very little photoinactivation was observed when the atmosphere equilibrated with the cells was oxygen-free nitrogen. At an oxygen partial pressure of 2.5 mm Hg, photoinactivation was reduced by 50% compared to ambient atmosphere. In an attempt to understand the nature of the interaction between excited dyes and oxygen, the ability of several phthalocyanines to photogenerate singlet oxygen was measured. Thus phthalocyanines containing paramagnetic ions (copper, iron, vanadyl) do not generate 1O2 in contradistinction to diamagnetic metals (zinc and aluminum). The latter are efficient photosensitizers, while the former have little if any photobiological activity. In spite of this correlation, singlet oxygen may not be the intermediate involved in cytotoxicity. The reasons are discussed.
Hydrocortisone and the migration of human leucocytes: an indirect effect mediated by mononuclear cells. (1973)

Culture of human mononuclear leucocytes in the presence of hydrocortisone results in the appearance in the culture medium of a factor which markedly stimulates the migration of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes in vitro. This effect is not due directly to hydrocortisone, which has an inhibitory effect on polymorph migration. The steroid–mononuclear cell interaction is dependent on the duration and temperature of the culture, and on the concentration of hydrocortisone. It is therefore suggested that an active biological process is involved which may be relevant to the immunosuppressive action of corticosteroids.
Game-theoretic and risk-sensitive stochastic optimal control via forward and backward stochastic differential equations (2016)

In this work we present a sampling-based algorithm designed to solve game-theoretic control problems and risk-sensitive stochastic optimal control problems. The cornerstone of the proposed approach is the formulation of the problem in terms of forward and backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). By means of a nonlinear version of the Feynman-Kac lemma, we obtain a probabilistic representation of the solution to the nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation, expressed in the form of a decoupled system of FBSDEs. This system of FBSDEs can then be simulated by employing linear regression techniques. Utilizing the connection between stochastic differential games and risk-sensitive optimal control, we demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is also applicable to the latter class of problems. Simulation results validate the algorithm.
Interactions of HIV-1 Proteins gp120 and Nef with Cellular Partners Define a Novel Allosteric Paradigm (2004)

During the course of infection, a subset of HIV-1 proteins interacts with multiple cellular partners, sometimes in a hierarchical or sequential way. These proteins include those associated with the initial infection event, with the preparation of the cell for the replicative cycle of the virus and with the exit of new virions from the infected cell. It appears that the interactions of viral proteins with multiple cellular partners are mediated by the occurrence of ligand-induced conformational changes that direct the binding of these proteins to subsequent partners. Two of the most studied HIV-1 proteins that are known to interact with different cellular partners are gp120 and Nef. Here we discuss the interactions of these two proteins with their cellular partners and present new results indicating that the conformational changes undergone by these proteins define a novel allosteric paradigm. In the traditional view, conformational changes are thought to occur between well defined structural conformations of a protein. In gp120 and Nef, those changes involve conformations characterized by the presence of large regions devoid of stable secondary or tertiary structure. Those unstructured regions contain the binding determinants for subsequent partners and only become functionally competent by ligand-induced structuring or un-structuring of those regions. By switching binding epitopes between structured and unstructured conformations the binding affinity can be modulated by several orders of magnitude, thus effectively precluding binding against unwanted partners. A better understanding of these interactions would lead to improved strategies for inhibitor design against these viral targets.
Effects of curing, washing, and pre-oxidation on the bonding of monofunctional silanes to polished copper surfaces (1997)

Polished Cu surfaces were silylated with trimethylmethoxysilane or trimethylchlorosilane and washed in water to determine the stability of the silane layers. The surfaces were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Methoxysilane was found to remain stably bound during washing, whereas chlorosilane was completely washed away. This confirmed that methoxysilanes were probably bound to surface oxides as hydrogen-bonded Si-O-R species or metal siloxanes, whereas chlorosilanes could only physisorb because they had removed surface oxides and hydroxyl groups. The silane layers were cured at high temperature in vacuum to promote the formation of metal siloxanes from hydrogen-bonded Si-O-R groups. For both silanes, the cured layers were almost completely washed away. The Si-O-R groups in methoxysilane layers were probably converted to less stably bound siloxane dimers during curing. The polished Cu samples were pre-oxidized in an attempt to increase the amount of oxides on the surface and thereby retain chlorosilane. Pre-oxidation converted Cu20 to CuO. This did not change the behavior of chlorosilane and reduced the uptake of methoxysilane. Solution and surface reactions are suggested for both silanes. For methoxysilane, silanes or silanols directly hydrogen-bonded to surface oxide or hydroxyl groups are proposed to be the primary species that lead to metal siloxanes.
Optimizing therapy: tazarotene in combination with phototherapy (1999)

Phototherapy is often used in combination with other antipsoriatic treatments in an attempt to improve efficacy and reduce patients' cumulative exposure to radiation. Although this aim has been achieved with some combinations, the additional therapies often introduce a potential risk of other tolerability and safety problems. The efficacy of tazarotene reported in clinical trials to date suggest that this drug may help to improve the efficacy of phototherapy, and perhaps reduce the ultraviolet light exposure required without introducing additional, clinically significant problems. Preliminary results from the first 10 patients in a clinical trial investigating such combination therapy are reported here. They demonstrate that the addition of tazarotene to UVB phototherapy increases the percentage of patients achieving treatment success (> or = 50% global improvement in psoriasis) from 60% to 100% at Day 81. The UVB plus tazarotene combination achieved consistently greater reductions in the elevation and scaling of difficult-to-treat psoriatic plaques than UVB phototherapy alone or UVB phototherapy plus vehicle gel. The tazarotene combination therapy also achieved initial treatment success in less than half the time needed with phototherapy alone (median of 32 vs. 67 days). Combining UVB phototherapy with tazarotene treatment appears to offer a valuable therapeutic option that is more efficacious and faster than UVB phototherapy alone.
MOQA: meaning-oriented question-answering (2004)

The paper describes a system which uses a fact repository (FR) consisting of instances of ontological concepts to answer sequences of questions. The fact repository is populated automatically by analyzing texts to produce complex text meaning structures. These are then mapped to fact repository instances and stored in a relational database. The documents used by the system are news articles in English, Arabic, and Farsi.

The FR, the ontology and the lexicons for the three languages, together with the working memory that includes the intermediate results of the system operation, are the major static knowledge sources in the system.

A multimedia interface allows queries to the system to be posed in a variety of ways including natural language. The user interacts with the system through input text, tables, generated text, maps, and relationship diagrams. The results of a query session are stored and can be reviewed and used to generate reports or to restart the session at any point in its history.
Robot-mediated arm rehabilitation in Virtual Environments for chronic stroke patients: A clinical study (2008)

This paper presents the results of a clinical trial employing the PERCRO L-Exos (Light-Exoskeleton) system, which is a 5-DoF force-feedback exoskeleton for the right arm, for robotic-assisted rehabilitation. The device has demonstrated itself suitable for robotic arm rehabilitation therapy when integrated with a Virtual Reality (VR) system. Three different schemes of therapy in VR have been tested in the clinical evaluation trial, which was conducted at the Santa Chiara Hospital in Pisa with nine chronic stroke patients. The results of this clinical trial, both in terms of patients performance improvements in the proposed exercises and in terms of improvements in the standard clinical scales which have been used to monitor patients progresses will be reported and discussed throughout the paper. It is to be noted that statistically significant improvements have been demonstrated in terms of Fugl-Meyer scores, Ashworth scale and increments of active and passive ROMs on shoulder, elbow and wrist joints of the impaired limb.
Routes to Achieving High Quantum Yield Luminescence from Gas‐Phase‐Produced Silicon Nanocrystals (2011)

Abstract Plasma‐synthesized silicon nanocrystals with alkene ligands have shown the potential to exhibit high‐efficiency photoluminescence, but results reported in the literature have been inconsistent. Here, for the first time, the role of the immediate post‐synthesis “afterglow plasma” environment is explored. The significant impact of gas injection into the afterglow plasma on the photoluminescence efficiency of silicon nanocrystals is reprorted. Depending on the afterglow conditions, photoluminescence quantum yields of silicon nanocrystals synthesized under otherwise identical conditions can vary by a factor of almost five. It is demonstrated that achieving a fast quenching of the particle temperature and a high flux of atomic hydrogen to the nanocrystal surface are essential for a high photoluminescence quantum yield of the produced silicon nanocrystals.
On MIMO Signal Processing for Adaptive W-CDMA and OFDM Wireless Transceivers (2005)

In this paper, we consider wideband extensions of narrowband signal processing techniques for MIMO wireless transceivers. The extensions are applied and analyzed on commonly used wideband systems such as W-CDMA and OFDM. We focus on signal processing techniques for channel estimation and correction, including pilot-aided and decision-directed LMS-based adaptive estimation. Simulation study compares cases with one and two transmit/receive antennas and shows that BER of W-CDMA system consistently improves by exploiting multi-path diversity through additional antenna at the receiver, while additional transmit antenna is beneficial under specific channel conditions. BER performance in OFDM is more sensitive to the value of the channel's smallest eigen-value than to the eigen-spread. In most practical cases, therefore, the sub-channels with small eigen-values are not usable due to poor BER.
File system caching in large point-to-point networks (1992)

In this paper, we examine the design of a file system for a general-purpose scalable parallel computing engine, based on an extensible mesh of processors. Although many distributed file systems have already been developed, none have properly addressed the characteristics that are special to these computing engines, namely dynamic load-balancing and point-to-point networks. Client caching is identified as a key area where current systems fall short. We propose two new caching schemes that employ an extra level of caching in addition to that used by current client caching schemes. We present some results from a simulation study of the two new caching schemes, which demonstrate that the schemes outperform traditional client caching schemes when used in a general-purpose processor mesh-based, parallel computing engine. Since one of these caching schemes is quite complex, we have developed a formal specification in the Z language.
Longitudinal Analysis of MART‐1/HLA‐A2‐Reactive T Cells Over the Course of Melanoma Progression (2003)

An HLA-A2-positive patient with advanced stage IV melanoma was vaccinated with dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with melanoma antigens, whereby the rapid progression of disease stalled for a period of 10 months. Monitoring of the cellular immune response against one of the vaccinated HLA-A2-restricted epitopes demonstrated both induction and subsequent decline in the number of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing MART-1-reactive cells present in the blood. Enumeration of reactive T cells by MART-126-35/HLA-A2 tetramer staining revealed an induction of such cells after three vaccinations and a subsequent decline that most prominent at times of rapid disease progression. However, a substantial number of reactive cells were present even when no MART-1 reactivity was detectable by functional assays. Isolation of such MART-126-35-reactive T cells by means of peptide/HLA-A2-coated magnetic beads demonstrated the persistence of a TCRVbeta14+ T-cell clone in this population over the whole observation period. Intracellular fluorescence-activated cell sorter staining of such TCRVbeta14+ T cells for IFN-gamma and interleukin-2 after maximal stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin revealed an impairment in their capacity to produce cytokines at the end of the observation period. Thus, functional changes of individual T-cell clones, e.g. clonal exhaustion, seem to be responsible for the known discrepancy between functional and phenotype assays for immune monitoring of tumour patients.