gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Full color, high contrast front projection on black emissive display (2012)

Front digital projection (FDP) displays have the features of being portable, economical and scalable for large size displays. Unfortunately, existing FDP technologies suffer with poor image contrast in well-lighted environments, due to the "black-level" issues of the conventional white diffusive screens. More powerful projectors can be applied to enhance contrasts by increasing the brightness, at the expenses of significantly increased cost, weight, power consumption, and viewer eye fatigue due to the bright projection. In this joint paper, we demonstrate an innovative full color, high contrast front projective display system on a black emissive screen (BES). It comprises of a novel transparent fluorescent screen on pitch-black substrate, and a digital image projector with optic output that excite the fluorescent screen. The fluorescent layered screen is comprised of at least 3 layers of RGB emissive materials, which are made in fully transparent form. The "excitation" projector is based on DLP® projector platform, where a UHP lamp is filtered by a color filter wheel which sequentially excites the RGB emissive layers resulting in RGB emissions from the screen. This display combines the best of both worlds of front projection and emissive display technologies. Like projection displays, it is scalable and economic at large displays, the screen has no pixel structure and can be manufactured using a roll to roll method. Like emissive displays (e.g. plasma or field emission displays with phosphor screen), the quality of the emissive images on black back-plate is superior, with large viewing angles and superior contrasts in any environments. The new projection display can favorably compete with existing flat panel displays and other projection displays.
Techniques for mitigating the difference between cyber systems and physical systems (2013)

Cyber physical systems (CPS) are one of new trends and research topics in recent years. To build a real cyber physical system will face numerous challenges because there exist a lot of differences between the cyber system and the physical system. In this work, we design an automatic control system for CPS, and a greenhouse system is constructed for simulation. We also devise some methods to mitigate the time differences between cyber and physical systems. Simulation results demonstrate that those proposed methods recover the system faster.
Comparative Efficacy of Two, Three, or Four Doses of TY21a Live Oral Typhoid Vaccine in Enteric-Coated Capsules: A Field Trial in an Endemic Area (1989)

Journal Article Comparative Efficacy of Two, Three, or Four Doses of TY21a Live Oral Typhoid Vaccine in Enteric-Coated Capsules: A Field Trial in an Endemic Area Get access Catterine Ferreccio, Catterine Ferreccio Please address request for reprints to Dr. Catterine Ferreccio, Typhoid Fever Control Program, Ministry of Health, 541 MacIver, Santiago, Chile. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Myron M. Levine, Myron M. Levine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hector Rodriguez, Hector Rodriguez Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rodrigo Contreras Chilean Typhoid Committee Rodrigo Contreras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 159, Issue 4, April 1989, Pages 766–769, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/159.4.766 Published: 01 April 1989 Article history Received: 09 August 1988 Revision received: 31 October 1988 Published: 01 April 1989
A Framework for Mobile Object Recognition of Internet of Things Devices and Inference with Contexts (2014)

integrated camera, users can interact with objects or Things in a very simple manner. A further advantage is that the objects themselves don’t have to be tagged with any kind of markers. Also, Quantitative validation of experimental results, while presenting an accurate rate, an early detection rate and a correct duration rate with detecting the intent of several smart-phone performing various activities, shows that proposed research contributes to implement effective intent recognition system.
c-Src Is Activated by the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in a Pathway That Mediates JNK and ERK Activation by Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone in COS7 Cells (2003)

Key participants in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling are the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. The mechanisms involved in the activation of the above cascades by GPCRs are not fully elucidated. A prototypic GPCR that has been widely used to study these signaling mechanisms is the receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHR), which serves as a key regulator of the reproductive system. Here we expressed GnRHR in COS7 cells and found that GnRHR transmits its signals to MAPKs mainly via G alpha i, EGF receptor without the involvement of Hb-EGF, and c-Src, but independently of PKCs. The main pathway that leads to JNK activation downstream of the EGF receptor involves a sequential activation of c-Src and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). ERK activation by GnRHR is mediated by the EGF receptor, which activates Ras either directly or via c-Src. Besides the main pathway, the dissociated G beta gamma and beta-arrestin may initiate additional, albeit minor, pathways that lead to MAPK activation in the transfected COS7 cells. The pathways detected are significantly different from those in other cell lines bearing GnRHR, indicating that GnRH can utilize various signaling mechanisms for the activation of MAPK cascades. The unique pathway elucidated here in which c-Src and PI3K are sequentially activated downstream of the EGF receptor may serve as a prototype of signaling mechanisms by GnRHR and by additional GPCRs in various cell types.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Sphingosine and Phytosphingosine, Molecules of Biological Significance (2010)

Due to the relevant biological role of sphingosines, ceramides and glycosyl ceramides, and the increasing demand of these compounds for biological evaluations, developing methods targeting sphingosine and phytosphingosine and derivatives have attracted the interest of researchers. The review initially presents the structural features of these compounds, presenting the different types of nomenclature of phytosphingosines, and the more relevant biological properties, as well as the biochemical synthesis. The synthetic procedures using products of the chiral pool, mainly carbohydrates and serine derivatives, are progressively shifted by asymmetric synthesis procedures, and particularly to those based on catalytic reactions. In this way, the review presents separately the synthetic procedures leading to sphingosine and phytosphingosine, and each case the synthesis based on the chiral pool are presented separately from the asymmetric synthesis. In this last case the methods are classified depending of the strategy used for inducing chirality, chiral auxiliary, chiral reagent or catalytic procedures, to which special attention is devoted. The syntheses are discussed in detail and reagents and yields for each step are provided. The review also rationalizes and integrates the different synthetic procedures from the point of view of construction the chiral fragment of these molecules. Keywords: Sphingosine, phytosphingosine, sphingolipids, signalling compounds, cell membrane components, ceramides, Glycosphingolipids, glycosaminoglycans, hydrophobic ceramide, Agelas mauritianus, interferon-γ, interleukin-4, interleukin-2, dihydroceramide desaturase, sphingomyelin, galactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, sphinganines, n-dodecylmagnesium bromide, 3-O-benzoylazidosphingosine, 1-thio-β-D-xylopyranoside, α-phenylsulfonyl glycal derivative, Candida antarctiva, tri-tert-butoxyaluminohydride, D-erythro-sphingosine, 6-Hydroxy-4E-sphingosine, 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-yl thioether, D-erythroazidosphingosine, Dribo-phytospingosine, flash chromatography, (S)-Nbenzyl-N-(α-methylbenzyl)amide, D-glucosamine hydrochloride, D-ribo-phytosphingosine, 6-halogenated 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-allopyranoside, D-xylo-phytosphingosine, Z-2-alkenylaziridine, osmium tetroxide, N-methylmorpholine oxide, L-ribo-phytosphingosine, 1-hexadecene
Optimal energy management of a hybrid electric bus with a battery-supercapacitor storage system using genetic algorithm (2015)

This paper is focused on a series hybrid electric bus (SHEB). A rule-based energy management strategy is proposed by controlling the state of charge (SOC) of the battery (BT) and a variable output control for the auxiliary power unit (APU). Furthermore, a power splitter control is developed to split the power among BT and supercapacitor (SC). The optimization to obtain the values for the control levels is carried out with multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA). The aim of the optimization is to minimize the daily operating cost of the bus. The objective functions are the costs related to fuel and energy (BT and SC degradation by cycling cost, recharge from the grid cost) consumption. The results are given in a Pareto front with a set of optimal solutions, the optimal one will depend of an analysis on which objective has priority to be minimized and what are the consequences of this decision on the other one.
A deflection routing mechanism based on priority in OBS networks (2011)

A deflection routing mechanism based on priority in optical burst switching networks is proposed in this paper.In order to protect QoS of high priority bursts,low priority bursts are divided and deflected.Simulations show that the packet loss probability of the higher-prioritized bursts are much less than those of the lower-prioritized bursts,and the packet loss probability will decrease with the increase of the number of data channel.So this scheme can not only efficiently reduce packet loss probability,but also provide the good guarantee of QoS for the higher-prioritized bursts and information.
Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Protonated Formic Acid and Acetic Acid Clusters (2003)

Infrared photodissociation spectra of protonated formic acid clusters, H+·(HCOOH)n (n = 2−5), are measured in the 3000−3700 cm-1 region. Density functional theory calculation is applied to H+·(HCOOH)n (n = 2−5). Geometry optimization of H+·(HCOOH)n (n = 2−5) indicates that stable forms of these clusters are open-chain structures with free OH groups at both ends. In the infrared photodissociation spectra of the n = 2 and n = 3 species, there are two sharp bands in the range of 3400−3700 cm-1. The lower- and higher-frequency bands of them are attributed to the free OH stretching vibrations of the peripheral COOH groups in the E and Z conformations, respectively. The intensity of the higher-frequency band, relative to that of the lower-frequency band, decreases from n = 2 to n = 3. The n = 4 and n = 5 ions exhibit only one sharp band in the same region. This band is assigned to the free OH stretching vibrations of the end COOH groups in the E conformation; the n = 4 and n = 5 ions have the peripheral COOH groups only in the E conformation. We observe infrared photodissociation spectra of H+·(HCOOH)n (n = 6, 7) in the 3500−3600 cm-1 region. The absence of any free OH band for n = 7 shows that both ends of chain structures of n = 7 are terminated by cyclic dimers. Infrared photodissociation spectra of H+·(CH3COOH)n (n = 2−5) are also examined in the 3000−3700 cm-1 region. Resemblance of the spectra of H+·(CH3COOH)n to those of H+·(HCOOH)n suggests that the acetic acid clusters have structures that are similar to those of the formic acid clusters; the intermolecular network is formed only by the COOH groups.
Glucose-negative Mutants of Pachysolen tannophilus (1989)

Mutants of the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus, exhibiting decreased ability to utilize D-glucose as the sole carbon source, were obtained by selecting for resistance to 2-deoxyglucose. Enzyme studies confirmed that these strains are defective in the hexose-phosphorylating enzymes and are unable to phosphorylate D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate. The results confirmed the presence of two hexokinases, A and B, with ratios of D-glUCOSe to D-fructose phosphorylation activity of 1 *3/ 1.0 and 3.0/ 1.0, respectively, and a D-glucose-specific glucokinase. The behaviour of a hexose-negative strain, able to ferment D-XylOSe in the presence of D-glucose, is described.
Antiinflammatory and Antimicrobial Effects of Thiocyanate in a Cystic Fibrosis Mouse Model (2014)

Thiocyanate (SCN) is used by the innate immune system, but less is known about its impact on inflammation and oxidative stress. Granulocytes oxidize SCN to evolve the bactericidal hypothiocyanous acid, which we previously demonstrated is metabolized by mammalian, but not bacterial, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). There is also evidence that SCN is dysregulated in cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease marked by chronic infection and airway inflammation. To investigate antiinflammatory effects of SCN, we administered nebulized SCN or saline to β epithelial sodium channel (βENaC) mice, a phenotypic CF model. SCN significantly decreased airway neutrophil infiltrate and restored the redox ratio of glutathione in lung tissue and airway epithelial lining fluid to levels comparable to wild type. Furthermore, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected βENaC and wild-type mice, SCN decreased inflammation, proinflammatory cytokines, and bacterial load. SCN also decreased airway neutrophil chemokine keratinocyte chemoattractant (also known as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1) and glutathione sulfonamide, a biomarker of granulocyte oxidative activity, in uninfected βENaC mice. Lung tissue TrxR activity and expression increased in inflamed lung tissue, providing in vivo evidence for the link between hypothiocyanous acid metabolism by TrxR and the promotion of selective biocide of pathogens. SCN treatment both suppressed inflammation and improved host defense, suggesting that nebulized SCN may have important therapeutic utility in diseases of both chronic airway inflammation and persistent bacterial infection, such as CF.
Quantitative mapping of regional cerebral blood flow using iodine-123-IMP and SPECT. (1994)

These observations suggested the validity of this method as a clinical tool for quantitative measurement of rCBF.
A classification and survey system for forest cultural heritages in Korea (2014)

Worldwide, the conservation of cultural heritages plays an important role expressing cultural diversity. In Korea, conservative and historic forest-related tangible and intangible heritages are scattered across the nation but are not well managed. Research on actual ground conditions is needed to systematically excavate and conserve the forest cultural heritages. To give effective support to the survey, forest cultural heritages were divided systematically into different types based on qualitative research through solicitation of the expert opinions of seven specialists in four major fields. The survey criteria and targets were established for each type of forest cultural heritage. Based on their characteristics, each type of forest cultural heritage was classified into three sections, 16 divisions, and 68 classes. In order to reflect the characteristics of forest cultural heritages, the format for the survey field notes and the listing plan for the survey targets were also suggested.
A new concept of DATA/DAT system (1989)

Presents the DATA/DAT system, which is based on the high-density recording and reproducing technology and digital processing technology of the DAT (digital audio tape recorder) system. This system has various applications, such as replacement of the conventional magnetic tape and data streamer and data storage for image processing. To achieve data reliability, an adaptive decoding algorithm using C1, C2 decoding has been developed. As a result, even at an error rate of 10/sup -2/ after 5000 operations, an uncorrectable error probability of 10/sup -15/ has been attained. To implement the random access and update-in-place function, a group format using gap frames and after-recording technology has been developed. The system can be applied to home electronics and personal databases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Grids & guides (2011)

Precise alignment of graphical objects and the creation of accurate layouts are crucial activities in many applications, such as graphics design tools, presentation software or graph editors. Surface computing is very promising for these application domains but not fully explored yet. In this paper we contribute two tools which support layout tasks on interactive displays: interactive grids and multi-touch alignment guides. Both tools allow the precise positioning of graphical objects in a flexible and fluent way by multi-touch input. Direct bimanual interaction and physical metaphors are applied to arrange objects along straight lines and curves. A formative user evaluation showed promising results with regard to a productive and easy use of the tools.
SAR automatic target recognition via non-negative matrix approximations (2012)

The set of orthogonal eigen-vectors built via principal component analysis (PCA), while very effective for com- pression, can often lead to loss of crucial discriminative information in signals. In this work, we build a new basis set using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target images via non-negative matrix approximations (NNMAs). Owing to the underlying physics, we expect a non-negative basis and an accompanying non-negative coecient set to be a more accurate generative model for SAR proles than the PCA basis which lacks direct physical interpretation. The NNMA basis vectors while not orthogonal capture discriminative local components of SAR target images. We test the merits of the NNMA basis representation for the problem of automatic target recognition using SAR images with a support vector machine (SVM) classier. Experiments on the benchmark MSTAR database reveal the merits of basis selection techniques that can model imaging physics more closely and can capture inter-class variability, in addition to identifying a trade-off between classication performance and availability of training.
Double beam fluorescence lifetime spectrometer with subnanosecond resolution: Application to aqueous tryptophan (1982)

An instrument capable of accurately measuring fluorescence lifetimes with subnanosecond resolution is described. The equipment consists of a mode-locked frequency doubled dye laser and a channel plate photomultiplier. The time dependence of the fluorescence is measured using the single photon counting technique. The apparatus response function which was found to be count rate dependent (FWHM = 150 ps at 10 kHz) is monitored simultaneously with the sample fluorescence with the same detection equipment by using a double beam and optical delay technique and a standard reference (p-terphenyl). With this technique, typical problems such as count rate and wavelength dependence of the time response of the channel plate photomultiplier are eliminated. The data are analyzed using a nonlinear least-squares procedure where the fluorescence of the reference is directly used to account for the time response of the instrument. The system is applied to the fluorescence decay of aqueous solutions of tryptophan excited at 295 nm and observed between 320 and 380 nm. The fluorescence decay can be described by a biexponential with 3.15 and 0.54 ns components, which are found to be independent of emission wavelength.
Standard Orthotopic Heart Transplantation Versus Total Orthotopic Heart Transplantation (1995)

This study demonstrates a high rate of left atrial thrombus after Sd HT and emphasizes the role of TEE in the follow-up of these patients. The therapeutic implications are the need for a preventive anticoagulant therapy in the high-risk population receiving Sd HT diagnosed with TEE and the consideration of Tot HT as a better surgical approach as far as thrombotic complications are concerned.
Cooking support with information projection onto ingredient (2012)

Recipes once only appearing in cookbooks are being digitalized, now accessible through PCs and on mobile devices, including smart phones. Researchers endeavor to provide details of the cooking processes in these computerized recipes, however, cooking support systems tailored to novice cooks remain a matter of research. This paper details a cooking support system for novices that specifically takes into consideration the needs of inexperienced cooks. This system provides concrete instructions for cooking by superimposing a cutting line and a knife CG over ingredients. In addition, a conversational Robot "Phyno" provides additional verbal and gestural support. This system not only provides detailed visual support for cooking novices, but also contributes to enhancement of the safety of those novice cooks. This paper explores the advantages and drawbacks of this system and reflects on its adequacy based on trial evidence.
Part of speech tagging using a network of linear separators (1998)

We present an architecture and an on-line learning algorithm and apply it to the problem of part-of-speech tagging. The architecture presented, SNOW, is a network of linear separators in the feature space, utilizing the Winnow update algorithm.Multiplicative weight-update algorithms such as Winnow have been shown to have exceptionally good behavior when applied to very high dimensional problems, and especially when the target concepts depend on only a small subset of the features in the feature space. In this paper we describe an architecture that utilizes this mistake-driven algorithm for multi-class prediction-selecting the part of speech of a word. The experimental analysis presented here provides more evidence to that these algorithms are suitable for natural language problems.The algorithm used is an on-line algorithm: every example is used by the algorithm only once, and is then discarded. This has significance in terms of efficiency, as well as quick adaptation to new contexts.We present an extensive experimental study of our algorithm under various conditions; in particular, it is shown that the algorithm performs comparably to the best known algorithms for POS.
Modeling of real bistables in VHDL (2002)

A complete VHDL model of bistables including their metastable operation is presented. An RS-NAND latch has been modeled as a basic structure, orienting its implementation towards its inclusion in a cell library. Two applications are included: a description of a more complex latch (D-type) and a description of a circuit containing three latches where metastable signals are propagated. Simulation results show that the presented model provides very realistic information about the device behavior, which until now had to be obtained through electric simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of backlighting sources for a Compton radiography diagnostic of inertial confinement fusion targets (invited) (2008)

We present scaled demonstrations of backlighter sources, emitting bremsstrahlung x rays with photon energies above 75 keV, that we will use to record x-ray Compton radiographic snapshots of cold dense DT fuel in inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In experiments performed at the Titan laser facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we measured the source size and the bremsstrahlung spectrum as a function of laser intensity and pulse length from solid targets irradiated at 2x10(17)-5x10(18) W/cm(2) using 2-40 ps pulses. Using Au planar foils we achieved source sizes down to 5.5 microm and conversion efficiencies of about 1x10(-13) J/J into x-ray photons with energies in the 75-100 keV spectral range. We can now use these results to design NIF backlighter targets and shielding and to predict Compton radiography performance as a function of the NIF implosion yield and associated background.