gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 in Angiogenesis and Invasion of Human Urinary Bladder Cancer (2004)

Here, we show that carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is expressed in umbrella cells of bladder urothelium but is down-regulated in superficial bladder cancer, such as histologic tumor stage a (pTa) and transitional cell carcinoma in situ (pTis). Concurrently, CEACAM1 is up-regulated in the endothelia of adjacent angiogenic blood vessels. Mimicking the CEACAM1 down-regulation in the urothelium, CEACAM1 was silenced in bladder cancer cell lines 486p and RT4 using the small interfering RNA technique. CEACAM1 down-regulation was confirmed at the protein level by Western blot analyses. CEACAM1 silencing leads to a significant up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D in quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Correspondingly, supernatants from the CEACAM1-overexpressing bladder cancer cell lines reduce, but those from CEACAM1 silencing induce endothelial tube formation and potentiate the morphogenetic effects of VEGF. These data suggest that the epithelial down-regulation of CEACAM1 induces angiogenesis via increased expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Inversely, CEACAM1 is up-regulated in endothelial cells of angiogenic blood vessels. This in turn is involved in the switch from noninvasive and nonvascularized to invasive and vascularized bladder cancer. CEACAM1 appears to be a promising endothelial target for bladder cancer therapy.
COX‐2 and iNOS are critical in advanced glycation end product‐activated chondrocytes <i>in vitro</i> (2009)

This study highlights the significance of COX-2 and iNOS pathways in AGE-mediated OA pathogenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets that are beyond pain killing for OA treatment.
Polarization switchable origami helical antenna (2016)

A novel polarization switchable antenna is explored. The antenna has two stable states, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) state and left-hand polarization (LHCP) state. The sense of polarization of this antenna can be switched easily by mechanical rotation. The proposed antenna is analyzed using simulations and measurements.
Enzymic Degradation of Pectic Acid Part II (1966)

(1) DEAE-セルロースによるクロマトグラフィーで,中性多糖類,オリゴガラクチュロニド,ペクチン酸は互によく分離される. (2) 重合度6以下のオリゴガラクチュロニド間の分離も容易である. (3) 重合度7以上のオリゴガラクチュロニドは重なり合う.ペクチン酸はステップワイズ・エリューションでは2, 3の区分に,グラジェントでは1つの区分に分かれる.前者の場合各ピークは展開剤の変更後短時間の中に溶出し,展開剤を変更しないかぎりいくら長時間溶出を行っても次のピークは現れない.この際分子量の低いポリウロニドと高いものとの間に,あるいはウロン酸含量の低いポリウロニドと高いものとの間に不完全な分別が得られるにすぎない.
Regioselective aectylations of sialic acid α‐ketosides (1994)

Abstract Various partially acetylated sialic acid α‐ketosides were obtained without expensive protecting group techniques by using trimethyl orthoacetate or dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal as acetylating agents or by performing a partial Zemplén de‐ O ‐acetylation. Using trimethyl orthoacetate as acetylating agents we synthesized 9‐ O ‐acetylated, 8‐ O ‐acetylated, and 8,9‐di‐ O ‐acetylated sialic acid α‐ketoside benzyl ester derivatives. The acetylation with dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal yielded 9‐ O ‐acetylated, 8‐ O ‐acetylated, 4, 9‐di‐ O ‐acetylated, 8,9‐di‐ O ‐acetylated, and 4,8,9‐tri‐ O ‐acetylated sialic acid α‐ketoside benzyl ester derivatives. The partial Zemplén de‐ O ‐acetylation permitted the synthesis of 7,8,9‐tri‐ O ‐acetylated sialic acid α‐ketoside benzyl ester derivatives. After catalytic hydrogenation the 8‐ O ‐acetylated derivatives 2e and 3d were not stable and were completely converted into the 9‐ O ‐acetylated sialic acid α‐thioketoside 2k . The N ‐acetyl‐8,9‐di‐ O ‐acetylneuraminic acid α‐aminophenylthioketoside 21 showed a migration of the acetyl group from position 8 to position 7 in polar solvents, yielding a mixture of the 8,9‐di‐ O ‐ and the 7 , 9‐di‐ O ‐acetylated derivatives 21 and 2m in a molar ratio of approximately 1:1. The 7 , 9‐di‐ O ‐acetylated derivative 2m could be separated and was completely stable in methanol. Using the isopropylidene protecting group we could also prepare the 4‐ O ‐acetylated sialic acid α‐thioketoside 2o . Treatment of the 9‐ O ‐acetylated derivative 2k with fluorescein isothiocyanate gave the fluorescent derivative 5 . magnified image
Intrinsic limits on the <i>Q</i> and intermodulation of low power high temperature superconducting microstrip resonators (1998)

Cuprate superconducting thin films are being used to make compact low power microwave devices. In recent years, with improved materials and designs, there has been a steady improvement in device performance, notably an increase in resonator Q and a decrease in the nonlinear intermodulation. It is important to understand how much improvement can be expected. Here we discuss the intrinsic limiting behavior that one might achieve with a perfect film, review the present status, and discuss what the limiting behavior implies for high temperature superconducting filters. Our analysis indicates that increases in unloaded Q to ∼106 and decreases in intermodulation by a factor of ∼104, compared with today’s values, might be achieved.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin Composites (2013)

Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites are very promising candidates for new high-performance materials that offer improved mechanical, barrier, thermal and electrical properties. Herein, an approach is presented to improve the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) by using graphene nano sheets (GNS). The extent of dispersion of GNS into the polymer matrix was also observed by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which indicated homogeneous dispersion of GNS through the UPR matrix and strong interfacial adhesion between the GNS and UPR matrix were achieved in the UPR composite, which enhanced the mechanical properties. The tensile strength of the nanocomposites improved at a tune of 52% at a GNS concentration of 0.05%. Again the flexural strength also increased around 92% at a GNS concentration of 0.05%. Similarly the thermal properties and the electrical properties for the nanocomposites were also improved as evidenced from the differential scanning caloriemetry (DSC) and dielectric strength measurement.
Tissue-Resident Ecto-5′ Nucleotidase (CD73) Regulates Leukocyte Trafficking in the Ischemic Brain (2012)

Ectoenzymes expressed on the surface of vascular cells and leukocytes modulate the ambient nucleotide milieu. CD73 is an ecto-5' nucleotidase that catalyzes the terminal phosphohydrolysis of AMP and resides in the brain on glial cells, cells of the choroid plexus, and leukocytes. Though CD73 tightens epithelial barriers, its role in the ischemic brain remains undefined. When subjected to photothrombotic arterial occlusion, CD73(-/-) mice exhibited significantly larger (49%) cerebral infarct volumes than wild-type mice, with concordant increases in local accumulation of leukocyte subsets (neutrophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, and microglia). CD73(-/-) mice were rescued from ischemic neurologic injury by soluble 5'-nucleotidase. In situ, CD73(-/-) macrophages upregulated expression of costimulatory molecules far more than wild-type macrophages, with a sharp increase of the CD80/CD86 ratio. To define the CD73-bearing cells responsible for ischemic cerebroprotection, mice were subjected to irradiative myeloablation, marrow reconstitution, and then stroke following engraftment. Chimeric mice lacking CD73 in tissue had larger cerebral infarct volumes and more tissue leukosequestration than did mice lacking CD73 on circulating cells. These data show a cardinal role for CD73 in suppressing ischemic tissue leukosequestration. This underscores a critical role for CD73 as a modulator of brain inflammation and immune function.
Hypoxia‐enhanced wound‐healing function of adipose‐derived stem cells: Increase in stem cell proliferation and up‐regulation of VEGF and bFGF (2009)

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been shown to induce wound-healing effects. Because inflammation near the wound area induces oxygen deficiency, it is interesting to elucidate the effect of hypoxia on the function of ADSCs. In this work, we asked: (1) does hypoxia alter the wound-healing function of ADSCs? and (2) what are the major factors responsible for the alteration in the wound-healing function? Effect of hypoxia on the proliferation of ADSCs was first examined that hypoxia (2% O(2)) enhanced the proliferation of ADSCs in either the presence of serum or in the absence of serum. The conditioned medium of ADSCs harvested under hypoxia (hypoCM) significantly promoted collagen synthesis and the migration of human dermal fibroblasts, compared with that in normoxia (norCM). In the animal studies, hypoCM significantly reduced the wound area compared with norCM. Furthermore, mRNA and protein measurements showed that hypoxia up-regulated growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Inhibition of VEGF and bFGF using neutralizing antibodies reversed the migration of the wounded human dermal fibroblasts and the healing of wounds in animal experiment. Collectively, these results suggest that hypoxia increases the proliferation of ADSCs and enhances the wound-healing function of ADSCs, at least partly, by up-regulating the secretion of VEGF and bFGF.
A High-Power RF Switch IC Using AlGaN/GaN HFETs With Single-Stage Configuration (2005)

A high-power single-pole double throw (SPDT) switch IC using AlGaN/GaN heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs) is demonstrated for the first time. The reduction of on-resistance (R/sub on/) and off-capacitance (C/sub off/) for AlGaN/GaN HFETs enables the GaN-based switch IC that can be applied for practical RF applications. A novel Si-doping technique is employed to reduce ohmic contact resistance, which successfully reduces the R/sub on/. The C/sub off/ of the HFETs on a sapphire substrate is found to be smaller than that on a SiC substrate, together with low cost fabrication. The GaN-based SPDT switch IC with single-stage configuration is designed by using a circuit simulator based on the extracted device parameters. The fabricated SPDT switch IC achieves insertion loss of 0.26 dB and isolation of 27 dB at 1 GHz, as well as an extremely high-power handling capability of 43 W. This value is 10 times higher than that of typical GaAs-based switch ICs. In addition, the switch IC exhibits low distortion characteristics, where the third-order intercept point of 41 dBm is achieved. The chip size is reduced to 40% as compared with conventional four stage GaAs-based switch ICs by using the single-stage circuit configuration.
Atomic layer deposited titanium dioxide and its application in resonant waveguide grating (2010)

We demonstrate good optical quality TiO(2) thin films grown by atomic layer deposition at 120 degrees C. The optical properties were studied using spectroscopic ellipsometry and prism coupling methods. The refractive index was 2.27, and the slab waveguide propagation loss was less than 1dB/cm at 1.53microm. A high quality resonant waveguide grating was fabricated using a thin TiO(2) layer on top of a SiO(2) grating.
Drugs from Emasculated Hormones: The Principle of Syntopic Antagonism (1989)

This lecture illustrates the early stages in the planning and discovery of propranolol, an adrenaline beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist, and cimetidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist--the first examples of clinically useful drugs from each of these classes. The significance of selective agonists, partial agonists, and syntopic antagonists and the importance of the bioassay and the use of molar models in the drug discovery process are discussed. For the future, an outline of potential developments in hormone-receptor concepts is offered leading to the conclusion that progress may depend on improvements in bioassays and related molar modeling.
Inclusion of C<sub>60</sub>fullerene in a M<sub>3</sub>L<sub>2</sub>subphthalocyanine cage (2004)

A C3 symmetric subphthalocyanine (SubPc) M3L2 cage was shown to encapsulate C60 fullerene within its aromatic walls in acetone.
A Noninvasive Resonance-Based Method for Moisture Content Evaluation Through Microstrip Antennas (2009)

Several techniques for measuring the moisture levels of materials, particularly in the soil science area, are available. Nevertheless, the state of the art is rather lacking in moisture-sensing methods that are both inexpensive and noninvasive. The time-domain reflectometry (TDR)-based method, despite being a well-established low-cost technique for sensing moisture content, is intrinsically invasive due to the configuration of the probes that are commonly used. These considerations motivated the authors to investigate the adoption of simple inexpensive microstrip antennas as sensing elements for TDR-based moisture content measurements. For this purpose, the water content of the monitored material is sensed through the changes in the reflection scattering parameter <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f</i> ) of the antenna. In particular, the change in the resonant frequency of the antenna, which is evaluated through an appropriate processing of the TDR waveforms, is correlated with the water content of the material under investigation. The ultimate goal is to assess a sensing method that can be implemented for inexpensive real-time noninvasive monitoring applications.
Acoustic waves generated by phase velocity scanning of laser interference fringes (1996)

A method for noncontact and selective generation of surface acoustic waves (SAWs), and bulk acoustic waves (BAWs) is discussed. To generate SAWs, the thermoelastic sources of scanning interference fringes (SIFs) are scanned on an opaque solid surface with a velocity equal to the phase velocity of SAWs, and to generate BAWs the SIFs are scanned at a higher velocity. SAW velocity within the laser beam spot is measured as the ratio of observed frequency of SAWs and wave number of the SIF. The frequency measurement is precise because of the large number of generated carriers, amplitude enhancement of about 10 times, and suppression of other spurious modes (back-propagation SAWs and BAWs). This method was applied to evaluate thin films of SiO2, Si3N4, and porous silicon layers, with a precision around 0.1%. In addition, since a large-amplitude SAW (e.g., 1.4 nm) was realized at high frequencies (e.g., 110 MHz), a large acceleration (up to 109 m/s2) of the surface is achieved, with a moderate peak laser power of 710 kW/cm2. This feature may be attractive for applications in particle manipulation, such as removing dust particles from LSI wafers, in a dry process.
Real Time Business Intelligence for the Adaptive Enterprise (2006)

In today's competitive environment, analysing data to predict market trends and to improve enterprise performance is an essential business activity. However, it is becoming clear that business success requires such data analysis to be carried out in real-time, and that actions in response to analysis results must also be performed in real-time in order to meet the rapid change in demand from customers and regulators alike. This paper discusses issues and problems of current business intelligence systems, and then outlines our vision of future real-time business intelligence. We present a list of emerging technologies that are being developed within the research program of British Telecommunications plc (BT), which could contribute to the realisation of real-time business intelligence, in addition to some examples of applying these technologies to improve BT's systems and services
Proteome comparison of <b><i>Vibrio cholerae</i></b> cultured in aerobic and anaerobic conditions (2004)

The pathogen Vibrio cholerae causes severe diarrheal disease in humans. This environmental inhabitant has two distinct life cycles, in the environment and in the human small intestine, in which it differs in its multiplication behavior and virulence expression. Anaerobiosis, limitation of some nutrient elements, and excess burden from host metabolism reactants are the major stresses for V. cholerae living in intestine, in comparison to conditions in the environment and laboratory medium. For an insight into the response of V. cholerae to different microenvironments, we cultured the bacteria in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and compared the whole cell proteome by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Among the protein spots identified, some protein species involved in aerobic respiration and the nutrient carbohydrate transporters were found to be more abundant in aerobic conditions, and some enzymes for anaerobic respiration and some stress response proteins were found more abundant in anaerobic culture. One spot corresponding to flagellin B subunit was decreased in anaerobic conditions, which suggests correlation with the meticulous regulation of bacterial motility during infection in the host intestine. This proteome analysis is the starting point for in-depth understanding of V. cholerae behavior in different environments.
RETRACTED: The BTB Domain of <i>bric à brac</i> Mediates Dimerization In Vitro (1995)

The gene bric à brac (bab) is required for the proper development of the limbs and ovary in Drosophila melanogaster. bab encodes a BTB domain (also called a POZ domain), an approximately 115-amino-acid conserved motif found primarily in the N termini of zinc finger proteins. In this paper, we show that the BTB domain of bab can mediate protein dimerization in vitro. In addition, we demonstrate that the first 51 amino acids of the bab BTB domain are sufficient for dimerization, and we identify amino acids within this region that are required for binding.
Confidence estimation for spoken language translation based on Round Trip Translation (2010)

In this paper we propose a Round Trip Translation (RTT) based approach to sentence-level confidence estimation (CE) for spoken language translation without the assistant of reference translations generated by human. A number of novel RTT based features are introduced to reflect the quality of spoken language translation in more detail. After combing various kinds of features together, support vector regression (SVR) method is employed to learn human's assessment patterns of translation quality. Experimental results show that RTT based features could improve the accuracy of CE significantly and SVR method could model human's assessment pattern accurately and robustly. In the final CE task of spoken language translation from Chinese to English, our system achieves comparable performance with that of BLEU, which needs the assistance of human's reference, even with small training data.
Microbiologically Active 4-Thiazolidones (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrobiologically Active 4-ThiazolidonesFrank C. Pennington, Walter D. Celmer, W. M. McLamore, Virgil V. Bogert, and I. A. SolomonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 1, 109–114Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01097a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (656 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A phase I pharmacokinetic and target validation study of the novel anti-tubulin agent E7389: A California Cancer Consortium trial (2005)

3036 Background: The California Cancer Consortium recently completed a Phase I pharmacokinetic (PK) and target validation (TV) trial of E7389. E7389, an analog of the marine compound halichondrin B, inhibits microtubule polymerization by a mechanism that is distinct from all other tubulin-binding agents. Sub- to low-nanomolar levels of E7389 inhibit cancer cell proliferation via induction of a G2/M block, disruption of mitotic spindles, and initiation of apoptosis. Methods: This first-in-man trial included a rapid titration design with real-time PK to guide dose escalation. E7389 was administered as a weekly bolus 3 weeks out of 4, starting at 0.125 mg/m2/wk. During the 1st phase, single patient (pt) cohorts were enrolled with intra- and inter-pt dose-doubling until toxicity was observed. The 2nd phase consisted of a standard 3x3 dose escalation schedule. Once the MTD was determined, a cohort of pts with biopsiable tumors was enrolled for TV studies. Results: A total of 40 (38 evaluable) pts with refractory or advanced solid tumors were entered. Median age was 61 yrs, KPS ≥ 80% in 31/38, and gender was 20/18 (M/F). Most common primary tumor sites were lung (9), breast (4), and bladder (2). Rapid escalation ended with a gr 3 alk phos at 0.5 mg/m2/wk. The 2nd phase ended at 2.0 mg/m2/wk with 2 DLT’s; 1 gr 3 febrile neutropenia and 1 gr 4 neutropenia. Other serious non-heme toxicities included hypoglycemia, hypophosphatemia, and fatigue. The MTD was 1.4 mg/m2/wk. Responses included 2 PRs (NSCLC; bladder) and 3 MR (NSCLC, breast, and thyroid). SD as best response was seen in 12 pts lasting a median of 4 months (range 2–14). PK results demonstrate a tri-phasic elimination and a prolonged terminal t1/2 of 36–48 hrs. At the MTD, plasma levels of E7389 are above concentrations required for in vitro cytotoxicity for >1 week. A cohort of 13 pts was treated at the MTD and serial tumor biopsies were obtained. Fluorescent IHC analyses of these specimens demonstrate that E7389 disrupts microtubule structure in tumors in vivo Conclusions: Phase II studies of this novel, active agent are ongoing. (Sponsored by CA62505) Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eisai Eisai
Inverse scattering for the diffusion equation with general boundary conditions (2001)

We consider the inverse scattering problem for the diffusion equation. A solution to this problem in the form of an explicit inversion formula is derived. Computer simulations are used illustrate our approach in model systems.