gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mitigating the negative impact of preemption on heterogeneous MapReduce workloads (2011)

Modern production clusters are often shared by multiple types of jobs with different priorities in order to improve resource utilization. Preemption is a common technique employed by MapReduce schedulers to avoid delaying production jobs while allowing the cluster to be shared by other non-production jobs. In addition, it also prevents a large job from occupying too many resources and starving others. Recent literature shows that jobs in production MapReduce clusters have a mixture of lengths and sizes spanning many orders of magnitude. In this type of environments, the current preemption policy used by MapReduce schedulers can significantly delay the completion time of long running tasks, resulting in waste of resources. This paper firstly discusses the heterogeneous nature of MapReduce jobs and their arrival rates in several production clusters. Secondly, we characterize the situations where the current preemption policy causes significant preemption penalty. We then propose a simple mechanism that works in conjunction with existing job schedulers to address this problem. Finally, we evaluate our solution under various types of workloads in Amazon EC2. Experiments show our method can improve system normalized performance by 15% during busy periods by effectively avoiding unnecessary preemption while preserving fairness.
A Novel Performance Measure for Picture Rate Conversion Methods (2008)

Motion compensated interpolation (MCI) is crucial for motion portrayal improvement of modern displays, and film judder elimination. As MCI complexity grows, subjective optimization becomes cumbersome and elaborate. We present an objective metric that matches perception better than earlier measures and apply it to evaluate recent MCI algorithms.
Effectiveness of SEL Hardening Strategies and the Latchup Domino Effect (2012)

Heavy ion, neutron, and laser experimental data are used to evaluate the effectiveness of various single event latchup (SEL) hardening strategies, including silicon-on-insulator (SOI), triple well, and guard rings. Although SOI technology is widely reported to be immune to SEL, conventional pnpn latchup can occur and has been observed in non-dielectrically isolated SOI processes. Triple well technologies are shown to be more robust against SEL than dual well technologies under all conditions used in this study, suggesting that the introduction of a deep N-well is an excellent zero-area-penalty hardening strategy. A single guard ring is shown to be sufficient for SEL immunity in the 180 nm CMOS technology investigated, and is likely sufficient for more modern CMOS technologies. After triggering latchup in a certain pnpn region, latchup was observed to spread to neighboring pnpn regions, which then infected other more distant regions until it had spread over a total distance of 700 micrometers. We discuss the physical mechanism of this latchup domino effect and its implications for device characterization and hardness assurance.
In vivo discrimination of hip fracture with quantitative computed tomography: Results from the prospective European Femur Fracture Study (EFFECT) (2010)

In assessing osteoporotic fractures of the proximal femur, the main objective of this in vivo case-control study was to evaluate the performance of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and a dedicated 3D image analysis tool [Medical Image Analysis Framework--Femur option (MIAF-Femur)] in differentiating hip fracture and non-hip fracture subjects. One-hundred and seven women were recruited in the study, 47 women (mean age 81.6 years) with low-energy hip fractures and 60 female non-hip fracture control subjects (mean age 73.4 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) and geometric variables of cortical and trabecular bone in the femoral head and neck, trochanteric, and intertrochanteric regions and proximal shaft were assessed using QCT and MIAF-Femur. Areal BMD (aBMD) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 96 (37 hip fracture and 59 non-hip fracture subjects) of the 107 patients. Logistic regressions were computed to extract the best discriminates of hip fracture, and area under the receiver characteristic operating curve (AUC) was calculated. Three logistic models that discriminated the occurrence of hip fracture with QCT variables were obtained (AUC = 0.84). All three models combined one densitometric variable--a trabecular BMD (measured in the femoral head or in the trochanteric region)--and one geometric variable--a cortical thickness value (measured in the femoral neck or proximal shaft). The best discriminant using DXA variables was obtained with total femur aBMD (AUC = 0.80, p = .003). Results highlight a synergistic contribution of trabecular and cortical components in hip fracture risk and the utility of assessing QCT BMD of the femoral head for improved understanding and possible insights into prevention of hip fractures.
Using KL-divergence to focus Deep Visual Explanation (2017)

We present a method for explaining the image classification predictions of deep convolution neural networks, by highlighting the pixels in the image which influence the final class prediction. Our method requires the identification of a heuristic method to select parameters hypothesized to be most relevant in this prediction, and here we use Kullback-Leibler divergence to provide this focus. Overall, our approach helps in understanding and interpreting deep network predictions and we hope contributes to a foundation for such understanding of deep learning networks. In this brief paper, our experiments evaluate the performance of two popular networks in this context of interpretability.
Noise reduction for hearing aids: Combining directional microphones with an adaptive beamformer (1994)

Many hearing aid users complain about a reduced intelligibility of speech in noisy environments. Directional systems are a successful approach for noise reductions in hearing aids. These systems transmit signals from acoustic sources lying in front of the hearing aid user while suppressing signals from other directions, which are assumed to be noise. Several methods are known to obtain directivity. One is to use directional microphones, another is digital postprocessing of several microphone signals. In this letter, the combination of directional microphones with the adaptive beamformer, a directional signal processing approach, is discussed. Intelligibility tests with both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects are presented. It is shown that the combination of directional microphones with digital postprocessing is able to improve the intelligibility of speech in a noisy environment significantly, when compared to any one of these two approaches by itself.
A Unit History of the United States (1933)

A Unit History of the United States. By William A. Hamm, Henry Eldridge Bourne, and Elbert Jay Benton. (Boston: D. C. Heath and Company, 1932. Appendix, illustrations, maps, and charts. x + 845 + xliv pp. $2.12.) Get access Edgar B. Wesley Edgar B. Wesley University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 19, Issue 4, March 1933, Pages 604–605, https://doi.org/10.2307/1897838 Published: 01 March 1933
Mechanical Characterization of a Totally Intramedullary Gradual Elongation Nail (1997)

An intramedullary gradual elongation nail (Albizzia) capable of fulfilling the function of traditional intramedullary nails while providing the gradual, controlled distraction of an external fixator was designed for progressive lengthening of lower limbs. In this study, the biomechanics of the gradual elongation nail were compared with several intramedullary nails: Grosse & Kempf, Russell-Taylor, AO, and Laffay. Bending stiffness, torsional stiffness, ultimate bending strength, and torsional strength were determined using the American Society for Testing and Materials standard F383-73 as a guide. The results show that in unextended and elongated conditions, the gradual elongation nail has torsional stiffness (1-5 Nm2) comparable with the AO nail (2 Nm2) and bending stiffness (41-89 Nm2), ultimate bending (246 Nm), and torsional (28-37 Nm) strengths within the ranges obtained for other intramedullary nails (27-105 Nm2, 167-298 Nm, and 2-100 Nm, respectively). Additionally, the low torque required to lengthen the device under a 500 N load (3 Nm) and the low longitudinal stiffness because of the active dynamization system with bimodal load deformation characteristics (80-120 N/mm initial, 600-800 N/mm secondary) produce a device with almost no torsional and longitudinal stress shielding. From a biomechanical point of view, this single, completely implantable device is a safe, viable, and efficacious alternative to external fixation for progressive lengthening of lower limbs.
Optical Solitary Waves in the Higher Order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (1997)

We study solitary wave solutions of the higher order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation for the propagation of short light pulses in an optical fiber. Using a scaling transformation we reduce the equation to a two-parameter canonical form. Solitary wave (1-soliton) solutions always exist provided easily met inequality constraints on the parameters in the equation are satisfied. Conditions for the existence of $N$-soliton solutions ( $N\ensuremath{\ge}2$) are determined; when these conditions are met the equation becomes the modified Korteweg--de Vries equation. A proper subset of these conditions meet the Painlev\'e plausibility conditions for integrability.
Assimilating Service-finding into Object-Oriented Languages (2007)

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<scp>D</scp> enmark, Insurrection and Revolt (2009)

The history of protest in Denmark has largely been characterized by moderation and compromise, which has allowed the country to remain among the most stable nation‐states in Europe. The desire for reform, however, has been a common theme in the country's rural sector, where Danish farmers have long struggled for greater independence, both from the landed elite and the state. More revolutionary impulses, however, have resulted from the gradual transformation of Denmark from a multinational dynastic empire to a more modest modern nation. While mostly peaceful, this process was occasionally marked by tensions in some border regions that in turn disrupted the tenor of domestic politics.
Expanding civic engagement in China: <i>Super Girl</i> and entertainment-based online community (2013)

This article pursues a context-rich understanding of how digital media offer unique opportunities for citizens residing in mainland China to participate in civic engagement and organize their civic values. While the Chinese state authority keeps a heavy hand in any form of media, old or new, for use of overt political expressions, I provide empirical demonstration of the link between entertainment media experiences and the exchange on more serious civic topics. In doing so, I argue for a more expanded notion of civic engagement for political environments such as China and develop an empirical scheme that incorporates ordinary citizens' interactions with more leisure-oriented media texts. Such theoretical and empirical moves, as I point out, can contribute to a more thoughtful discussion of the Internet and civic engagement in China. Furthermore, this article pays particular attention to how the Internet provides a valuable channel for community formation among ordinary Chinese citizens outside the mainstream media, which are mostly occupied by state elites. My examination suggests that the Internet helps online discussants reach further depth in their extension from entertainment discussion to constructing serious discourses on important social issues, more so than the mainstream newspapers.
Development of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks over Wi-Fi Direct with off-the-shelf Android phones (2016)

The proliferation of smart phones enables ubiquitous Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) where mobile devices communicate with peers over a wireless channel in an ad hoc mode. In this paper, we introduce a novel method to achieve multi-hop communication among open-source, non-rooted Android devices using Wi-Fi Direct Technology, also known as Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer (P2P). Then we implement a proactive routing protocol in an MANET using multiple off-the-shelf smart phones to enable efficient message delivery over a multi-hop MANET.
Lactoferrin binds to neutrophilic membrane DNA (1986)

Lactoferrin (LF) binding to the surface of human neutrophils was shown to be dependent upon the presence of cell surface DNA by (i) an abrogation of LF binding after treatment of whole cells with DNAse; (ii) an abrogation of LF binding to a purified cell membrane suspension after DNAse digestion, (iii) a restoration of LF binding, after initial treatment of cells with DNAse, by the addition of exogenous DNA. Using a biotinylated LF probe, no other binding molecules were found after SDS PAGE of neutrophil cell membrane proteins. Further evidence of a DNA-LF interaction was obtained by the co-isolation of LF with DNA by both gel chromatography and affinity chromatography using Heparin Sepharose CL 6B. The interaction of LF with neutrophils was a saturable phenomenon with a Kd of 6.2 X 10(-6) M and a maximum binding of 9.2 X 10(6) molecules per cell. These results suggest that cell membrane DNA may have a novel role as a receptor for LF, and indicates the need for further experiments to determine whether the functional effects of LF are modified by the DNAse treatment of LF responsive cells.
Heterocyclization with iminium chlorides, V. Condensation of 1,3‐dichlorotrimethinecyanines with 1,3‐ and 1,2‐dinucleophiles (1991)

Abstract Cyclic 1,3‐dichlorotrimethinecyanines 1 were used for the preparation of condensed polycycles 2–13 with high regioselectivity. In the case of five‐membered cyanines the exclusive formation of the linear‐type products was observed, while with six‐ and seven‐membered cyanines the linear or angular type of products were obtained, depending on the character of the nucleophile. The structures of the products were supported by 1 H‐, 13 C‐ and 15 N‐NMR data, NOE difference spectroscopy, and different two‐dimensional carbon‐proton correlation measurements.
Virological and immunological effects of antioxidant treatment in patients with HIV infection (2000)

Short-term, high-dose combination treatment with NAC and vitamin C in patients with HIV infection and advanced immunodeficiency lead to immunological and virological effects that might be of therapeutic value.
A COMPARISON OF CORYNEBACTERIUM HYDROCARBO- CLASTUS IIZUKA AND KOMAGATA 1964 AND NOCARDIA ERYTHROPOLIS (GRAY AND THORNTON) WAKSMAN AND HENRICI 1948 (1973)

A COMPARISON OF CORYNEBACTERIUM HYDROCARBO- CLASTUS IIZUKA AND KOMAGATA 1964 AND NOCARDIA ERYTHROPOLIS (GRAY AND THORNTON) WAKSMAN AND HENRICI 1948
The effectiveness of cosmetic products in alleviating a range of skin dryness conditions as determined by clinical and instrumental techniques (1986)

Synopsis A vast array of cosmetic products are used routinely by consumers to alleviate a range of skin care problems. Consumer concern ranges from age-associated skin changes to complexion (e.g., spots and pimples) and dryness. However, a major cause for concern amongst European female consumers is skin dryness, which spans all age ranges and skin types. Utilizing instrumental procedures (Squametry and Image Analysis) the severity of skin dryness has been correlated with expert assessment and consumer perception of dryness. The sensitivity of these techniques enables one to follow the progression of dryness alleviation for a range of product forms (e.g., creams and lotions) as well as the purported mechanism of action of various ingredient systems (e.g., occlusivity, moisturization). While conventional cosmetic products are shown to be effective, these techniques can be used to aid in the assessment and formulation of more effective products. Efficacité des produit cosmétiques à l'allégement d'un spectre d'états de peau sèche selon des measures cliniques et au moyen d'instruments.
Ensemble Kalman Filtering (2007)

Several publications have obtained promising results when using the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) for history matching reservoir simulation models, see Evensen et al.(2007) and references therein. This paper gives a basic introduction to the history matching problem and its solution by the EnKF, and its relation to the problem considered by other methods for assisted history matching.
Frame Size Selection in Video Downsizing Transcoding Application (2005)

In order to transmit a pre-coded video stream through a bandwidth constrained network, a downsizing transcoding technique has been introduced because it can reach a very low bit rate without losing any motion information. With the proposal of arbitrary downsizing, a fine gradual reduction of bit rate and video quality becomes feasible. However, there is little research focusing on frame size selection for arbitrary downsizing transcoding. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to estimate the number of bits allocated to residue information in the re-quantization process. By estimating a lower bound of the bit rate of the corresponding frame size, a reliable decision can be made. Experimental results show that the proposed method can provide an accurate estimation.
Review of the automatic train control system for Cairo Metro Line 2 (1998)

The compatibility of AC propulsion systems with coded train detection and onboard speed code reception systems is always a concern. A review of an automatic train control system commissioned for the Greater Cairo Metro System is presented. The compatibility of track-to-train transmission with the inverter-controlled AC drive and the 750 V DC third-rail power supply is also examined.
Découverte du troisième habitat ouvert Michelsberg sur la frange septentrionale du plateau de Brie, du Néolithique au second âge du Fer, vol. 1 in Montévrain (Seine-et-Marne), ZAC du Clos Rose : les occupations néolithique, protohistorique et antique de la ZAC du Clos Rose. (2019)

2 - Montévrain (Seine-et-Marne), "ZAC du Clos Rose" - Volume 2, L’Établissement du H - Berga Alain - Inrap CIF - 2019 2 - Montévrain (Seine-et-Marne), "ZAC du Clos Rose" - Volume 3, Études spécialisées - Berga Alain - Inrap CIF - 2019
Organic-phase biosensors for monitoring phenol and hydrogen peroxide in pharmaceutical antibacterial products (1993)

Organic-phase biosensors open new opportunities for assays of challenging pharmaceutical products. Such opportunities are illustrated for the rapid determination of phenol and peroxide antiseptics in different anti-infective formulations. The tyrosinase and peroxidase enzyme electrodes offer reliable quantification of these antibacterial agents following sample dissolution in the organic solvent. The dynamic properties of these enzyme electrodes are exploited for rapid and reproducible flow-injection assays of the pharmaceutical products (relative standard deviation = 1.6-1.9%). Such developments should facilitate rapid quality control testing in the pharmaceutical industry and should be applicable to other therapeutic agents and products. Applicability to cosmetic products containing hydrogen peroxide is also demonstrated.
Load balancing on generalized hypercube and mesh multiprocessors with LAL (2002)

A typical nearest neighbor balancing strategy, called LAL (local average load), in which the workload of a processor is averaged among its nearest neighbors at discrete time steps is investigated. The underlying systems considered are multiprocessor systems interconnected by generalized hypercube (GHC), mesh and loop structures. It is assumed that the amount of computation tasks arriving at or finished by a processor at each time step can be described by a random variable with some general distribution. With some general assumptions about these random variables, it is shown that the expected difference between the actual load of a processor and the average load of the system is zero and the variance of this difference is bounded by a constant independent of time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (1987)

The two final phases in the haemostatic process, plasma coagulation with the formation of a fibrin clot, and fibrinolysis leading to the dissolution of fibrin clots, are reviewed. Coagulation may be initiated either by reactions occurring between components of the blood alone, the intrinsic pathway, or by reactions which also involve tissue components, termed the extrinsic pathway. In the diagnosis of coagulation disorders, it is convenient to divide the intrinsic pathway into three phases. In phase 1, resulting in the activation of factor (f) X, are involved f XII, XI, VIII and IX, platelet phospholipids, and calcium. In phase 2, prothrombin is converted to thrombin by f Xa in conjunction with f V, phospholipids, calcium. In phase 3, thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin, which is then stabilized by f XIII. Antithrombin III is the most important inhibitor. The key component in fibrinolysis is plasminogen, which under the influence of various activators is converted to plasmin. Plasmin is a serine protease and its main in vivo target is fibrin. Alpha 2-antiplasmin and a fast-acting inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator are the most important inhibitors.
System for maintenance of optimal temperature and moisture of the wheat stored in grain elevators (2004)

In this paper, we offer a system for monitoring the temperature of wheat stored in elevators. The temperature at more than 40 control spots is followed. A microprocessor module makes a decision for cooling through active ventilation. The air supercharging fan is turned on at definite criteria. Those criteria are estimated following the humidity and temperature of the surrounding air, the grain moisture and temperature, the air pressure on the fan output. The information about the moisture and temperature is exchanged between intelligent sensors and the microprocessor module by the help of a specialised one-way serial interface. The microprocessor module exchanges information with a PC via RS485.
An improved Diagnostic PCR Assay for identification of Cryptic Heterozygosity for CGG Triplet Repeat Alleles in the Fragile X Gene (FMR1) (2008)

Use of this PCR test provides significantly improved precision and amplification of longer alleles. The number of follow-up Southern blot tests required is reduced (up to 50%) with consequent improvement in turnaround time and cost.