gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression, Purification, and Crystallization of the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) (1990)

The HIV-1 pol gene proteins (protease, reverse transcriptase, and endonuclease) were expressed in Escherichia coli N4830-1 by the use of the inducible expression vector pWS60 into which the pol gene was inserted. The p66/p51 heterodimer of reverse transcriptase (RT) was isolated in a highly pure and active form. Crystals of the p66/p51 heterodimer were obtained by the vapor diffusion hanging drop technique. The present crystal quality is still not adequate for high resolution X-ray investigation.
Combined enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation approach to butanediol production from cellulose and hemicellulose carbohydrates of wood and agricultural residues (1984)

A combined enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation (CHF) approach was established for the bioconversion of wood and agricultural residues to butanediol and ethanol. The final butanediol levels obtained from aspenwood xylan or solka floc by the CHF approach were 40-68% greater than the values obtained with the conventional sequential hydrolysis and fermentation approach. The combined cellulose and hemicellulose components of steam-exploded aspenwood and agricultural residues could be directly used by the CHF approach for the production of butanediol and ethanol. The final product yields ranged from 11 to 23 g/100 g original untreated biomass at 34.5-65.4% of the theoretical conversion efficiencies.
Non-selective inhibition of mammalian protein kinases by flavinoids in vitro. (1987)

In vitro, the flavinoids quercetin, morin, and rutin produced comparable inhibition of protein kinase C prepared from bovine brain, the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine specific protein kinase associated with A431 cell membranes, and the cAMP-stimulated protein kinase activity associated with rat brain tubulin. Concentrations producing 50% inhibition (IC50's) were in the 10 microM range. These findings demonstrate the lack of specificity of the flavinoids toward cyclic nucleotide-dependent vs cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinases.
Nanocrystalline Nickel Ferrite, NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:  Mechanosynthesis, Nonequilibrium Cation Distribution, Canted Spin Arrangement, and Magnetic Behavior (2007)

Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of about 8.6 nm were prepared by mechanochemical synthesis (mechanosynthesis). In-field Mössbauer spectroscopy and high-resolution TEM studies revealed a nonuniform structure of mechanosynthesized NiFe2O4 nanoparticles consisting of an ordered core surrounded by a disordered grain boundary (surface) region. The inner core of a NiFe2O4 nanoparticle is considered to possess a fully inverse spinel structure with a Néel-type collinear spin alignment, whereas the surface shell is found to be structurally and magnetically disordered due to the nearly random distribution of cations and the canted spin arrangement. As a consequence of frustrated superexchange interactions in the surface shell, the mechanosynthesized NiFe2O4 exhibits a reduced nonsaturating magnetization, an enhanced coercivity, and a shifted hysteresis loop. The study also demonstrates that one can tailor the magnetic properties of mechanosynthesized NiFe2O4 particles by suitably controlling their size. The thickness of the surface shell of about 1 nm estimated from size-dependent magnetization measurements is found to be in good agreement with that obtained from high-resolution TEM and Mössbauer experiments. On heating above 673 K, the mechanosynthesized NiFe2O4 relaxes to a structural and magnetic state that is similar to the bulk one.
Syntheses of Novel Indole Lipoic Acid Derivatives and Their Antioxidant Effects on Lipid Peroxidation (2005)

The aim of the study was to examine antioxidant properties of conjugates based on indole and lipoic acid moieties. The design and syntheses of novel indole alpha-lipoic acid derivatives were performed. The antioxidant properties of target compounds were investigated using rat liver microsomal, NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation inhibition. Some of the target compounds, especially those containing amide linker at position 5 of indole ring, proved to be highly effective in inhibiting lipid peroxidation as compared to alpha-lipoic acid.
Conformationally restricted dynamic supramolecular catalysts for substrate-selective epoxidations (2012)

A second generation of a substrate-selective dynamic supramolecular catalytic system consisting of a catalyst part and a receptor part, connected by a hydrogen-bonding motif, has been realized based on rational design. The results from analyses of the equilibrium mixture of the species generated by the components of the first generation system led us to selectively lock the cisoid conformation of the catalyst part to increase the amount of the substrate-selective catalytic cavity in the equilibrium mixture. This was realized by strapping the catalyst part by organic synthesis. This strapping led to an increase in substrate selectivity in the pair-wise competitive epoxidations of pyridyl- vs. phenyl-appended styrenes and pyridyl- vs. phenyl-appended stilbenes of both Z- and E- configuration compared to the first generation system, reaching 3.4 : 1 as the highest substrate selectivity for Z-mono-pyridyl-stilbene (27a) vs. the corresponding all-carbon analogue (28a) and for E-dipyridyl-stilbene (26b) vs. the corresponding all-carbon analogue (28b), respectively.
Additive Package for Used Antifreeze (1986)

The objective of this study was to develop an additive package that would allow the continued use of MIL-A-46153 antifreeze after its inhibitor system reached a marginal condition. Since Military Specification for Antifreeze, Ethylene Glycol, Inhibited, Heavy-Duty, Single-Package (MIL-A-46153) is a composition specification with a well documented history, a field test kit is used to determine when the antifreeze should be replaced. Eighteen different formulations were screened in ASTM Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware (D 1384) with used MIL-A-46153 antifreeze which contained depleted inhibitor ingredients. Two formulations were selected for final testing. Both formulations were similar except that in one sodium silicate was used and in the other, potassium silicate. The formulation with sodium silicate was dropped from further testing when it was discovered that upon sitting for a period of one month the material formed a precipitate. The precipitate does not form in the formulation using potassium silicate. Results of ASTM D 1384 test and ASTM Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants (D 2570) show that the formulated additive package used at a 3% concentration in used antifreeze not only gives adequate protection to the six cooling system metals, it is an excellent inhibitor for water. It can also be added to new MIL-A-46153 antifreeze with no deleterious effects. Several military vehicles were selected for a one-year field test and the pH and reserve alkalinity were monitored throughout the test at three-month intervals. The results show that the pH and reserve alkalinity remained at an acceptable level over the one-year period and clearly indicate the coolant was still useable for further service. It is concluded that the addition of the additive package, Additive, Antifreeze Extender, Liquid Cooling System (MIL-A-53009), to used military antifreeze will allow continued use for a period of time exceeding one year. It has no adverse effect if added to a new fully inhibited antifreeze and is an excellent inhibitor for a water system.
Síndrome de burnout en profesionales sanitarios de Cuidados Paliativos de la Comunidad de Madrid (2008)

Objetivo: la prevalencia del sindrome de burnout en profesionales sanitarios que trabajan en unidades de Cuidados Paliativos de la Comunidad de Madrid, dentro del ambito de la sanidad publica y concertada. 

Metodos: estudio transversal descriptivo realizado entre personal medico y de enfermeria de unidades de atencion domiciliaria (equipos de soporte �ESAD� y unidades de la AECC) y servicios de cuidados paliativos de hospitales de la red publica y concertada. De un total de 193 individuos, mediante muestreo aleatorio simple se selecciono un grupo de 60, a los cuales se administro el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), validado en castellano. Fue enviado por correo en febrero 2005. 

El MBI consta de tres subescalas (cansancio emocional �CE�, despersonalizacion �DP� y realizacion personal �RP�). Se tuvieron en cuenta variables de tipo demografico y laboral. 

Resultados: la tasa de respuestas fue del 75% (45 personas). Un 57,8% de los individuos presentaba cansancio emocional bajo, 68,9% despersonalizacion baja y 62,2% realizacion personal alta. Ademas un tercio de los participantes (15) se ajustaba al patron de bajo nivel de burnout en las tres subescalas (es decir, CE bajo, DP baja y RP elevada). 

Conclusiones: los profesionales de Cuidados Paliativos de la Comunidad de Madrid han manifestado niveles bajos de desgaste profesional en relacion con otros estudio realizados en nuestro pais, fundamentalmente en atencion primaria.
Lowest weights in cohomology of variations of Hodge structure (2012)

Abstract Let X be an irreducible complex analytic space with j : U ↪ X an immersion of a smooth Zariski-open subset, and let 𝕍 be a variation of Hodge structure of weight n over U . Assume that X is compact Kähler. Then, provided that the local monodromy operators at infinity are quasi-unipotent, IH k (X , 𝕍) is known to carry a pure Hodge structure of weight k + n , while H k (U , 𝕍) carries a mixed Hodge structure of weight at least k + n . In this note it is shown that the image of the natural map IH k (X , 𝕍) → H k (U , 𝕍) is the lowest-weight part of this mixed Hodge structure. In the algebraic case this easily follows from the formalism of mixed sheaves, but the analytic case is rather complicated, in particular when the complement X — U is not a hypersurface.
An opto-magneto-mechanical quantum interface between distant superconducting qubits (2014)

A quantum internet, where widely separated quantum devices are coherently connected, is a fundamental vision for local and global quantum information networks and processing. Superconducting quantum devices can now perform sophisticated quantum engineering locally on chip and a detailed method to achieve coherent optical quantum interconnection between distant superconducting devices is a vital, but highly challenging, goal. We describe a concrete opto-magneto-mechanical system that can interconvert microwave-to-optical quantum information with high fidelity. In one such node we utilise the magnetic fields generated by the supercurrent of a flux qubit to coherently modulate a mechanical oscillator that is part of a high-Q optical cavity to achieve high fidelity microwave-to-optical quantum information exchange. We analyze the transfer between two spatially distant nodes connected by an optical fibre and using currently accessible parameters we predict that the fidelity of transfer could be as high as ~80%, even with significant loss.
Deletion of the zinc-binding motif of CD13/aminopeptidase N molecules results in loss of epitopes that mediate binding of inhibitory antibodies (1992)

Abstract The myeloid cell-surface glycoprotein CD13/aminopeptidase N (APN; EC 3.4.11.2) contains a pentapeptide (HExxH) in its extracellular domain that is characteristic of many zinc-dependent metalloproteinases. This region contains residues important for zinc binding and constitutes part of the catalytic domain of several metalloproteases. We deleted an internal fragment of 117 base pairs (bp) from the human CD13/APN cDNA, resulting in an in-frame deletion that included the sequences coding for this pentapeptide motif. The mutant cDNA was subcloned into a retroviral expression vector, and polypeptides encoded by the altered cDNA were expressed in transfected murine NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. The mutant CD13/APN molecules lacked enzymatic activity, and their intracellular processing to the cell surface was retarded by comparison with normal CD13/APN polypeptides. The mutant molecules also lacked epitopes required for binding of four of 19 CD13-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) tested in flow cytometric assays. Each of the four MoAbs also inhibited the enzymatic activity of wild-type APN molecules, suggesting that these antibodies may inhibit aminopeptidase activity by interfering with the enzyme's zinc-coordinating properties. Cells engineered to express mutant CD13/APN polypeptides at the cell surface provide a tool for defining the physiologic role of this enzyme on normal and malignant myeloid cells and marrow stromal cells.
A Graph Similarity-Based Approach to Security Event Analysis Using Correlation Techniques (2010)

Detecting and identifying security events to provide cyber situation awareness has become an increasingly important task within the network research and development community. We propose a graph similarity-based approach to event detection and identification that integrates a number of techniques to collect time-varying situation information, extract correlations between event attributes, and characterize and identify security events. Diverging from the traditional rule- or statistical-based pattern matching techniques, the proposed mechanism represents security events in a graphical form of correlation networks and identifies security events through the computation of graph similarity measurements to eliminate the need for constructing user or system profiles. These technical components take fundamentally different approaches from traditional empirical or statistical methods and are designed based on rigorous computational analysis with mathematically proven performance guarantee. The performance superiority of the proposed mechanism is demonstrated by extensive simulation and experimental results.
Cutting Edge: Central Nervous System Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Regulate the Severity of Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2008)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) have both stimulatory and regulatory effects on T cells. pDCs are a major CNS-infiltrating dendritic cell population during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis but, unlike myeloid dendritic cells, have a minor role in T cell activation and epitope spreading. We show that depletion of pDCs during either the acute or relapse phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis resulted in exacerbation of disease severity. pDC depletion significantly enhanced CNS but not peripheral CD4(+) T cell activation, as well as IL-17 and IFN-gamma production. Moreover, CNS pDCs suppressed CNS myeloid dendritic cell-driven production of IL-17, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 in an IDO-independent manner. The data demonstrate that pDCs play a critical regulatory role in negatively regulating pathogenic CNS CD4(+) T cell responses, highlighting a new role for pDCs in inflammatory autoimmune disease.
A Nanomechanical Fredkin Gate (2013)

Irreversible logic operations inevitably discard information, setting fundamental limitations on the flexibility and the efficiency of modern computation. To circumvent the limit imposed by the von Neumann-Landauer (VNL) principle, an important objective is the development of reversible logic gates, as proposed by Fredkin, Toffoli, Wilczek, Feynman, and others. Here, we present a novel nanomechanical logic architecture for implementing a Fredkin gate, a universal logic gate from which any reversible computation can be built. In addition to verifying the truth table, we demonstrate operation of the device as an AND, OR, NOT, and FANOUT gate. Excluding losses due to resonator dissipation and transduction, which will require significant improvement in order to minimize the overall energy cost, our device requires an energy of order 10(4) kT per logic operation, similar in magnitude to state-of-the-art transistor-based technologies. Ultimately, reversible nanomechanical logic gates could play a crucial role in developing highly efficient reversible computers, with implications for efficient error correction and quantum computing.
Reduced heart rate variability and mortality risk in an elderly cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe prognostic implications of alterations in heart rate variability have not been studied in a large community-based population.METHODS AND RESULTSThe first 2 hours of ambulatory ECG recordings obtained on original subjects of the Framingham Heart Study attending the 18th biennial examination were reprocessed to assess heart rate variability. Subjects with transient or persistent nonsinus rhythm, premature beats > 10% of total beats, < 1 hour of recording time, processed time < 50% of recorded time, and those taking antiarrhythmic medications were excluded. The associations between heart rate variability measures and all-cause mortality during 4 years of follow-up were assessed. There were 736 eligible subjects with a mean age (+/- SD) of 72 +/- 6 years. The following five frequency domain measures and three time domain measures were obtained: very-low-frequency power (0.01 to 0.04 Hz), low-frequency power (0.04 to 0.15 Hz), high-frequency power (0.15 to 0.40 Hz), total power (0.01 to 0.40 Hz),...
Gestalt Theory of Cognition and “Solid” Sciences: Physics, Mathematics, and Artificial Intelligence (2018)

As all other "soft" sciences, Gestalt psychology has been under the influence of the outstanding achievements of "hard" sciences -mathematics, physics, and chemistry. The relationship between these two parties has always been complicated. When biology, geology, and sociology started to apply the strong scientific methods to research on their very complicated objects, Gestalt ideas on whole/parts relations came into high demand. Despite the attractiveness of holistic ideas, the benefits were very few, because Gestalt psychology didn't supply the main notions (Gestalt, good Gestalt, and Pragnanz) with clear definitions.
A highly-parallel mismatch tolerant photonic A/D converter (2001)

Summary form only given. Interleaving is a common approach applied to high-speed photonic A/D conversion which reduces the wide-bandwidth input signal to one which can be converted using conventional highspeed A/D converters. The high-speed sampled input is interleaved to N individual channels with each channel operating at 1/N of the sampling rate. These channelization techniques are known to suffer from performance degradations due to channel-to-channel mismatch. Oversampling A/D converters based on /spl utri//spl Sigma/ or error diffusion modulators incorporate low-resolution A/D converters within a feedback architecture to reduce the quantization noise within the signal baseband through spectral noise shaping. We present a typical power spectrum of the output data sequence for a 2nd-order /spl utri//spl Sigma/-modulator.
Generalized shared-parameter models and missingness at random (2011)

When data are incomplete, models are often catalogued according to one of the three modelling frameworks to which they belong: selection models (SeM), pattern-mixture models (PMM) and shared-parameter models (SPM). The missing data mechanism is conventionally classified as missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR) and missing not at random (MNAR). Under MCAR, measurement and missingness mechanism are independent, but that is not the case for MAR. The definition of MAR is in SeM terms. Molenberghs et al. (1998) provided a characterization for PMM. Here, MAR is characterized in the SPM framework, using an extended SPM class. A subfamily, satisfying the MAR condition, is studied in detail. Particular implications for non-monotone missingness as well as for longitudinal data subject to dropout are studied. It is indicated how SPM can be constrained such that dropout at a given point in time can depend on current and past, but not on future measurements. Although, a natural requirement, it is less easily imposed in the PMM and SPM frameworks than in the SeM case. Some of the models proposed are illustrated using a clinical trial in toenail dermatophyte onychomycosis.
The determination of arsenic(III) and total arsenic by atomic-absorption spectroscopy (1976)

In the atomic-absorption determination of arsenic by the hydride evolution method with sodium borohydride, maintenance of the pH between 4 and 5 permits the selective determination of arsenic(III) in mixtures of arsenic(III) with arsenic(V). Total arsenic can be determined separately by evolution from 5 M hydrochloric acid. A dissolution technique has been developed for herbage and the method applied to the analysis of water and orchard leaves.
Enhance light extraction of InGaN-based green LEDs by nano-imprinted 2D photonic crystal pattern (2008)

In this paper, we propose a simple, low cost and mass producible nanoimprint lithography (NIL) method to texture the surface of GaN-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2DPC). Such a 2DPC structure not only enhanced the light output power but also changed the far-field pattern simultaneously. Also, a TiO2/SiO2 omnidirectional reflector (ODR) was deposited on the backside of the LEDs to further increase the light output power. Under 350 mA current injection, it was found that forward voltages were 3.35, 3.34 and 3.75 V while the light output powers of the LEDs were 59.5, 92.5 and 112.1 mW for the conventional LED, the PCLED with 20 nm depth, and the PCLED with 120 nm depth all with chip size of 1 mm × 1 mm, respectively. A 88.4% enhancement in light output power of PCLED with a 120 nm depth and ODR on the backside could be achieved when compared to the conventional LED under the driving current of 350 mA. From the measurement results, it was also found that the NIL process does not degrade the electrical properties of the fabricated LEDs.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Carbonation of Magnesium Oxide Slurries (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and Mechanism of Carbonation of Magnesium Oxide SlurriesG. L. Smithson and N. N. BakhshiCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1973, 12, 1, 99–106Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260045a019https://doi.org/10.1021/i260045a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts