gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical characterization and biological activity of lipooligosaccharides and lipid A from <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> (2007)

Meningococcal endotoxin is the major contributor to the pathogenesis of fulminant sepsis and meningitis of meningococcal disease and is a potent activator of the MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent pathways via the MD-2/TLR4 receptor. To understand better the biological properties of meningococcal endotoxin that initiates these events, the physicochemical structure of Neisseria meningitidis lipopoly(oligo)saccharide (LOS) of the serogroup B wild-type strain NMB (NeuNAc-Gal beta-GlcNAc-Gal beta-Glc beta-Hep2(GlcNAc,Glc alpha)PEA-Kdo2-lipid A, 1,4'-bisphosphorylated +/- PEA, PEtN) and the genetically-defined mutants (gmhB, Kdo2 -lipid A; kdtA, meningococcal lipid A; gmhB-lpxL1, Kdo2penta-acylated lipid A and NMB-lpx1, penta-acylated meningococcal LOS) were assessed in relation to bioactivity. Confirming previous work, Kdo2lipid A was the minimal structure required for optimal activation of the MD-2/TLR4 pathway of human macrophages. Meningococcal lipid A alone was a very weak agonist in stimulating human macrophages, even at high doses. Penta-acylated LOS structures demonstrated a moderate reduction in TLR4/MyD88-dependent signaling and a dramatic decrease in TLR4-TRIF-dependent signaling. For a better understanding of these results, we have performed an analysis of physicochemical parameters of the LOS structures such as the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition of the acyl chains, the inclination angle of the diglucosamine backbone with respect to the membrane surface, and the aggregate structure, and have found a very significant correlation of these parameters with biological activities extending our concept of endotoxicity.
Quantization and the method ofk-means (1982)

Asymptotic results from the statistical theory of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> -means clustering are applied to problems of vector quantization. The behavior of quantizers constructed from long training sequences of data is analyzed by relating it to the consistency problem for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</tex> -means.
Role of Polysulfides in Reduction of Elemental Sulfur by the Hyperthermophilic Archaebacterium <i>Pyrococcus furiosus</i> (1990)

Polysulfides formed through the breakdown of elemental sulfur or other sulfur compounds were found to be reduced to H(2)S by the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrococcus furiosus during growth. Metabolism of polysulfides by the organism was dissimilatory, as no incorporation of S-labeled elemental sulfur was detected. However, [S]cysteine and [S]methionine were incorporated into cellular protein. Contact between the organism and elemental sulfur is not necessary for metabolism. The sulfide generated from metabolic reduction of polysulfides dissociates to a strong nucleophile, HS, which in turn opens up the S(8) elemental sulfur ring. In addition to H(2)S, P. furiosus cultures produced methyl mercaptan in a growth-associated fashion.
Cross coupled cavity semiconductor laser (1988)

A novel monolithic coupling scheme in which three or four active waveguides interact interferometrically to form a multicavity semiconductor laser is demonstrated. The coupling between perpendicular waveguides is obtained by an integrated beamsplitter. Frequency selection, tunability, and single mode operation are demonstrated.
RF-photonic links for local-oscillator distribution and frequency conversion (2002)

RF-photonic approaches have been evaluated for distributing electrically generated local oscillator (LO) signals as well as for performing frequency conversion with optically generated LO signals. For high-fidelity distribution of electrically generated signals, a switched RF photonic link was measured to have a residual phase noise of -145 dBc/Hz at an offset of 10 kHz from the X-band carrier. The switch isolation was better than 80 dB. For efficient frequency conversion with the RF-photonic approach, a relative conversion loss of 6.2 dB was measured for an LO modulation index of 0.97.
The amino acid sequence of a hypothalamic peptide, neurotensin. (1975)

The amino acid sequence of neurotensin, a hypotensive peptide isolated from acid-acetone extracts of bovine hypothalami, has been established as less than Glu-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Lys-Pro-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-Oh. (The nomenclature and symbols follow the suggestions of the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 977). This was accomplished by sequence analyses performed on the intact peptide as well as its isolated tryptic, chymotryptic, and papain-generated fragments. The results of enzymic hydrolyses were consistent with the specificities of the enzymes used and indicated that all of the amino acids are unsubstituted and in the L configuration. The absence of non-amino acid constituents was further supported by analyses of electrophoretic mobility-molecular weight relationships of neurotensin and its fragments.
Fluorescent probes that stain living nerve terminals (1987)

We have evaluated the efficacy of 18 cationic mitochondrial dyes that, as a class, show some ability to stain living nerve terminals. Several of these agents provide excellent staining of neuromuscular junctions in a wide range of species. More detailed studies of the most effective of these dyes--4-(4-diethylaminostyryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (4-Di-2-ASP)--indicate that it has no lasting effect on the structure or function of motor nerve terminals. As demonstrated in the accompanying paper (Lichtman et al., 1987; see also Lichtman et al., 1986), 4-Di-2-ASP can therefore be used to follow the configuration of identified motor terminals over arbitrarily long intervals.
Cache neural network language models based on long-distance dependencies for a spoken dialog system (2012)

The integration of a cache memory into a connectionist language model is proposed in this paper. The model captures long term dependencies of both words and concepts and is particularly useful for Spoken Language Understanding tasks. Experiments conducted on a human-machine telephone dialog corpus are reported, and an increase in performance is observed when features of previous turns are taken into account for predicting the concepts expressed in a user turn. In terms of Concept Error Rate we obtained a statistically significant improvement of 3.2 points over our baseline (10% relative improvement) on the French Media corpus.
Participation is Risky. Approaches to Joint Creative Processes (2014)

The term participation is used regularly in the context of new-media and innovation studies. This form of participation is often no more than simple interaction with participants or making use of questionnaires. A recent generation of designers and artists notice an increasing desire for real cooperation. However, setting up projects in a participatory way is (often) not part of their skills. This book describes the negotiations that designers and artists engage in when setting up participatory projects with both familiar and strange, public and private, professional, amateur and other participants. These negotiations are defined as risky trade-offs, since 'risky' reflects the artists, designers and participants experience of uncertainty in participatory contexts. Based on case studies of real-life participatory projects and a review of the literature, this book offers insight in risky trade-offs in both a hands-on and reflective way.
Are short-pitch bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal cells surface stabilized? (1993)

Abstract Recent papers have described the short-pitch bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal effect (SBF) attributing its bistability to its stripe layer texture [1]. We have studied the bistability of this SBF effect for the short-pitch ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) mixture ZhKS-76 using thin planar aligned cells. Both the SBF texture (the stripe texture) and a uniform texture (uniform tilt layer structure with the extinction direction along the layer normal) were observed in different regions of a given cell when the cell was cooled down slowly from the isotropic phase to the chiral smectic C phase. Upon applying external fields, both regions are characterized by the formation of helix unwinding lines. The stripe area showed zig-zag unwinding lines and the uniform area exhibited straight unwinding lines, both running parallel to the layers. The bistability study shows a similar hysteresis curve and threshold behaviour on switching for both the SBF texture area and the uniform area, although the uniform area gcve better contrast. These facts strongly indicate that as in the long pitch FLCs, the surfaces rather than the layer stripe texture hinder the formation of the helix in the cell, and this produces dynamic bistable switching.
Reducing code size in VLIW instruction scheduling (2005)

Code size is an important concern in embedded systems. VLIW architectures are popular for embedded systems, but often increase code size, by requiring NOPs to be inserted into the code to satisfy instruction placement constraints. Existing VLIW instruction schedulers target run-time but not code size. Indeed, current schedulers often increase code size, by generating compensation copies of instructions when moving them across basic block boundaries. Our approach, for the first time, uses the power of scheduling instructions across blocks to reduce code size and not just run-time, for a certain class of VLIWs. We therefore show that trace scheduling, previously synonymous with increased code size, can in fact be used to reduce code size on such VLIWs. Our scheduler uses a cost-model driven, back-tracking approach that starts with an optimal algorithm for searching the solution space in exponential time, but then also employs branch-and-bound techniques and non-optimal heuristics to keep the compile time reasonable (within a factor of 2). Our method reduces the code size for our benchmarks by 17.6% versus the best existing across-block scheduler, while being within 0.8% of its run-time.
Fast Mir In A Sparse Transform Domain. (2008)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
On the joint source-channel decoding of variable-length encoded sources: The additive-Markov case (2003)

We propose an optimal joint source-channel maximum a posteriori probability decoder for variable-length encoded sources transmitted over a wireless channel, modeled as an additive-Markov channel. The state space introduced by the authors in a previous paper is used to take care of the unique challenges posed by variable-length codes. Simulations demonstrate, that this decoder performs substantially better than the standard Huffman decoder for a simple test source and is robust to inaccuracies in channel statistics estimates. The proposed algorithm also compares favorably to a standard forward error correction-based system.
A wavelength calibration process for micro-spectrometers with multichannel detectors (2007)

An advanced wavelength calibration process with higher wavelength accuracy is developed based on the conventional calibration method of micro-spectrometers with multichannel detectors. The deficiencies of the conventional method in acquiring sufficient well-spaced and adequately accurate wavelength-pixel data for calibration are analyzed. And three steps are added to the conventional method before the final pixel-wavelength fit is carried out. First, segmented data collection is carried out to ensure sufficient well-spaced lines for calibration. Second, sub-pixel analysis is executed to increase sampling rate. Third, peak fit is implemented to acquire more accurate central wavelength positions. The simulated experiment was based on a compact spectrometer with a crossed Czerny-Turner optical design. Mercury and Argon line spectra are used as wavelength standards. A linear image sensor with 1024 pixels each 25μm in width is used as the detector. In the new calibration process the whole spectral region was divided into two segments with different integral time of the detector; the sampling rate was increased by 2 times by sub-pixel analysis; and log-normal function is applied in the peak fit. The results show that by applying the new method, the wavelength accuracy improves from above 1.0nm to around 0.6nm.
Minimization: A new method of assigning patients to treatment and control groups (1974)

This paper describes a new method of assigning patients to treatment and control groups to minimize differences between the groups, not only in the number of patients but in patient characteristics. Testing the method by computer simulations, using data on 40 patients with 15 variates each, demonstrates a four‐ to fivefold reduction of the probability of severe imbalance, relative to randomization. Minimization can maintain tight control of one variate, comparable to the currently acceptable experimental design of blocking, while reduCing the probability of severe imbalance in the other 14 variates by a factor of 3. It also compares favorably with accepted methods regarding susceptibility to experimenter bias. Therefore, it is suggested that minimization should replace randomization in assigning patients in clinical trials.
Controlled back pressure valve for constant flow and pressure programming in packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTControlled back pressure valve for constant flow and pressure programming in packed column supercritical fluid chromatographyK. R. Jahn and B. W. WenclawiakCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 2, 382–384Publication Date (Print):January 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00129a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00129a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) specific HLA‐DR1‐restricted t‐cell epitopes (2011)

The identification of MHC class II epitopes may provide tools to directly monitor immune responses after vaccination and may be important for the design of future prostate cancer vaccines.
A Password-Capability System (1986)

A tightly coupled multiprocessor is being build in the Computer Science Department of Monash University. This paper discusses several mechanisms that support a uniform virtual memory for the multiprocessor. Some desirable properties of the virtual memory are the result of an unusual capability mechanism and the introduction of a money mechanism. The capability mechanism described also allows a simple, and flexible, solution to the confinement problem.
Case 26-2007 (2007)

A 61-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of recurrent fevers and pulmonary infiltrates. He had been well until approximately 3.5 months earlier, when chills, fevers, and fatigue developed, followed by dyspnea, all of which persisted despite antimicrobial therapy. On admission, the patient had daily fever, with temperatures up to 38.9° C; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 94 mm per hour. Computed tomography of the chest showed interlobular septal thickening and hilar and subcarinal lymphadenopathy. Positron-emission tomography showed diffuse uptake in the lungs. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
Defective parvoviruses acquired via the transplacental route protect mice against lethal adenovirus infection (1982)

Adeno-associated virus type 1 (AAV-1) interfered with the replication of its murine adenovirus (MAV) helper in primary mouse kidney cells and in 1-day-old ICR mice. Mice carrying AAV-1 acquired via the transplacental route were protected against lethal infection with MAV. The replication of AAV-1 in these mice could be triggered by multiple challenges with MAV, and antibodies to AAV-1 were subsequently detected.
MONITORING THE SOFTWARE ASSET: REPOSITORY EVALUATION OF SOFTWARE REUSE (1991)

Traditionally, software management has focused primarily upon cost control. Today, with the emerging capabilities of computer aided software engineering (CASE) and corresponding changes in the development process, the opportunity exists to view software development as an activity that creates reusable software assets, rather than just expenses, for the corporation. With this opportunity comes the need to monitor software at the corporate level, as well as at that of the individual software development project. Integrated CASE environments can support such monitoring. In this paper we propose the use of a new approach called repository evaluation, and illustrate it in an analysis of the evolving repository-based software assets of two large firms that have implemented integrated CASE development tools. The analysis shows that these tools have supported high levels of software reuse, but it also suggests that there remains considerable unexploited reuse potential. Our findings indicate that organizational changes will be required before the full potential of the new technology can be realized.
A Comprehensive Survey on ECG Signals as New Biometric Modality for Human Authentication: Recent Advances and Future Challenges (2021)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) has extremely discriminative characteristics in the biometric field and has recently received significant interest as a promising biometric trait. However, ECG signals are susceptible to several types of noises, such as baseline wander, powerline interference, and high/low-frequency noises, making it challenging to realize biometric identification systems precisely and robustly. Therefore, ECG signal denoising is a major preprocessing step and plays a crucial role in ECG-based biometric human identification. ECG signal analysis for biometric recognition can combine several steps, such as preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, feature transformation, and classification which is a very challenging task. Moreover, the employed success measures and appropriate constitution of the ECG signal database also play significant roles in biometric system analysis, considering that publicly available databases are essential by the research community to evaluate the performance of their proposed algorithms. In this survey, we review most of the techniques employed for the ECG as biometrics for human authentication. Firstly, we present an overview and discussion on ECG signal preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, and feature transformation for ECG-based biometric systems. Secondly, we present a survey of the available ECG databases to evaluate and compare the acquisition protocol, acquisition hardware, and acquisition resolution (bits) for ECG-based biometric systems. Thirdly, we also present a survey on different techniques, including deep learning methods: deep supervised learning, deep semi-supervised learning, and deep unsupervised learning, for ECG signal classification. Lastly, we present the state-of-art approaches of information fusion in multimodal biometric systems.
Temperature-Induced Phase Transition of Well-Defined Cyclic Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide)s in Aqueous Solution (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTTemperature-Induced Phase Transition of Well-Defined Cyclic Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s in Aqueous SolutionXing-Ping Qiu, Fumihiko Tanaka, and Françoise M. WinnikView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, CP6128 Succursale Centre Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan Cite this: Macromolecules 2007, 40, 20, 7069–7071Publication Date (Web):September 7, 2007Publication History Received19 June 2007Revised15 August 2007Published online7 September 2007Published inissue 1 October 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma071359bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma071359brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4707Altmetric-Citations298LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Phase transitions,Polymers,Precursors,Solution chemistry,Thermoresponsive polymers Get e-Alerts
Myeloid leukemia C-1498 as a screen for cancer chemotherapeutic agents. (1966)

Summary The history of solid myeloid leukemia C1498 is reported; also the maintenance of this tumor in C57BL/6 mice and its use as a screen for antitumor agents are described. In tests with 35 standard agents and fermentation products, C1498 appeared to respond differently from other widely used mouse tumor systems. Cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) and azaserine (NSC-742) were the most effective inhibitors of C1498 growth. Nine other compounds inhibited the tumor: triethylenemelamine (NSC-9706), methotrexate (NSC-740), 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893), 2′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (NSC-27640), prednisone (NSC-10023), 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (NSC-1026), N-methylformamide (NSC-3051), hydroxyurea (NSC-32065), methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) [NSC-32946]. Three antibiotics also produced inhibition: actionomycin D (NSC-3053), mitomycin C (NSC-26980), and phleomycin (NSC-61586). Among the 21 compounds inactive against C1498 were the following well-known materials: busulfan (NSC-750), 6-mercaptopurine (NSC-755), 8-azaguanine (NSC-749), 4-amino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (NSC-1393), vincaleukblastine (NSC-49842), and leurocristine (NSC-67574). Comparative screening of fermentation filtrates against C1498, Sarcoma 180, and leukemia L1210 indicated specificity on the part of C1498 since the “overlap” rate (response to the same fermentation) with S180 and L1210 was less than 8%.