gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aquifer structure identification using stochastic inversion (2008)

This study presents a stochastic inverse method for aquifer structure identification using sparse geophysical and hydraulic response data. The method is based on updating structure parameters from a transition probability model to iteratively modify the aquifer structure and parameter zonation. The method is extended to the adaptive parameterization of facies hydraulic parameters by including these parameters as optimization variables. The stochastic nature of the statistical structure parameters leads to nonconvex objective functions. A multi‐method genetically adaptive evolutionary approach (AMALGAM‐SO) was selected to perform the inversion given its search capabilities. Results are obtained as a probabilistic assessment of facies distribution based on indicator cokriging simulation of the optimized structural parameters. The method is illustrated by estimating the structure and facies hydraulic parameters of a synthetic example with a transient hydraulic response.
Stereospecific total synthesis of the dl-C18 Cecropia juvenile hormone (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereospecific total synthesis of the dl-C18 Cecropia juvenile hormoneElias J. Corey, John A. Katzenellenbogen, Norman W. Gilman, Steven A. Roman, and Bruce W. EricksonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 20, 5618–5620Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01022a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01022a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3025Altmetric-Citations159LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Objective evaluation of video segmentation quality (2003)

Video segmentation assumes a major role in the context of object-based coding and description applications. Evaluating the adequacy of a segmentation result for a given application is a requisite both to allow the appropriate selection of segmentation algorithms as well as to adjust their parameters for optimal performance. Subjective testing, the current practice for the evaluation of video segmentation quality, is an expensive and time-consuming process. Objective segmentation quality evaluation techniques can alternatively be used; however, it is recognized that, so far, much less research effort has been devoted to this subject than to the development of segmentation algorithms. This paper discusses the problem of video segmentation quality evaluation, proposing evaluation methodologies and objective segmentation quality metrics for individual objects as well as for complete segmentation partitions. Both stand alone and relative evaluation metrics are developed to cover the cases for which a reference segmentation is missing or available for comparison.
Reduction of the Far-Field Divergence Angle of an 850 nm Multi-Leaf Holey Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (2011)

By introducing multi-leaf sectorial holes into an oxidation confined 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), the far-field divergence angle is reduced. The finite-difference time-domain method is used to simulate the far-field pattern of the multi-leaf holey VCSEL with different etching depths and different shapes of the oxide aperture in diameter R. Based on the simulation result, we design and fabricate a multi-leaf holey VCSEL and its divergence angle is only 6°. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical predication.
IL-35 Stimulation of CD39+ Regulatory T Cells Confers Protection against Collagen II-Induced Arthritis via the Production of IL-10 (2010)

IL-35 is produced by regulatory T cells, and this novel cytokine can downregulate Th17 cell development and inhibit autoimmune inflammation. In this work, an rIL-35, as a single-chain fusion between murine IL-12p35 and EBV-induced gene 3, was expressed in yeast. This rIL-35 inhibited OVA-specific cellular and Ab responses in OVA-challenged recipients of DO11.10 CD4+ T cells. Likewise, IL-35 inhibited clinical manifestation of collagen-induced arthritis or could cease further disease exacerbation upon initiation of IL-35 treatment. Exogenous IL-35 treatments suppressed Th1 and Th17 cells and promoted CD39 expression by CD4+ T cells. Sorted CD25-CD39+CD4+ T cells from IL-35-treated mice produced IL-10 and, upon adoptive transfer, were sufficiently potent to inhibit subsequent development of inflammation in mice with collagen-induced arthritis, whereas sorted CD25+CD39+CD4+ T cells showed reduced potency. IL-35 treatments of IL-10-/- mice failed to induce protective CD39+CD4+ T cells, demonstrating the effector role of IL-10 by IL-35 immunosuppression.
Distributed call processing architecture (DCPA) (2002)

We propose a distributed call processing architecture (DCPA) for next generation broadband networks that will support both telephony and data communications users. DCPA features a layered architecture with modularized protocols designed to support different types of end user equipment and servers. A fast connection setup algorithm, called parallel connection control (PCC), is used in networks based on the DCPA model. The intelligent network (IN) principle of having the network provide value-added services is combined with consistently maintaining separate modularized interfaces to different control functions of networks. The latter ensures that flexible control models, such as those used in current computer communications networks, can coexist with intelligent network-based models.
Hybrid systems for planning and optimization of virtual assembly (2006)

Abstract Virtual assembly is the simulation of parts assembly processes by computer, analysing, evaluating and optimizing the feasibilities and procedures of assembly. It can thus avoid the potential problems and risks from designing to assembling. In this way, we can achieve the global optimization of the products and timely respond to the needs of the market. This paper presents a modelling framework for virtual assembly paths design and optimization of two objects on the basis of a class of hybrid system, which is applicable in many manufacturing environments. We propose an elementary hybrid machine containing time-driven and event-driven dynamics. We describe in detail a method of assembly paths design. The objective of optimization is evaluated in terms of time in the transition dynamics so as to make the problem more tractable. An explicit algorithm for deriving optimal assembly policies is developed. The optimal results indicate the feasibility and efficacy of the model and control algorithms. Keywords: Hybrid systemsVirtual assemblyModellingOptimizationManufacturing Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Project of Digital Factory: System Planning Design Oriented towards Complex Manufacturing System and Modelling Method in Production Process Organisation (Sino-German government co-operation project) 2002DFG00027. The authors wish to thank Professor Lin Fen in Wayne State University who supplied lots of valuable documents on hybrid systems and manufacturing.
The Cambridge Ancient History. Vols. VII–XII, and Vol. V (Plates). Cambridge: The University Press, 1939. (1940)

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A role for the passage helix in the DNA cleavage reaction of eukaryotic topoisomerase II. A two-site model for enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage. (1992)

Eukaryotic topoisomerase II is capable of binding two separate nucleic acid helices prior to its DNA cleavage and strand passage events (Zechiedrich, E. L., and Osheroff, N (1990) EMBO J. 9, 4555-4562). Presumably, one of these helices represents the helix that the enzyme cleaves (i.e. cleavage helix), and the other represents the helix that it passes (i.e. passage helix) through the break in the nucleic acid backbone. To determine whether the passage helix is required for reaction steps that precede the enzyme's DNA strand passage event, interactions between Drosophila melanogaster topoisomerase II and a short double-stranded oligonucleotide were assessed. These studies employed a 40-mer that contained a specific recognition/cleavage site for the enzyme. The sigmoidal DNA concentration dependence that was observed for cleavage of the 40-mer indicated that topoisomerase II had to interact with more than a single oligonucleotide in order for cleavage to take place. Despite this requirement, results of enzyme DNA binding experiments indicated no binding cooperativity for the 40-mer. These findings strongly suggest a two-site model for topoisomerase II action in which the passage and the cleavage helices bind to the enzyme independently, but the passage helix must be present for efficient topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage to occur.
The Design of Vehicle Anti-theft System Based on the Improved D-S Evidence Theory (2014)

Multi-sensor information fusion technology can effectively reduce the risk of car theft and false alarm rate. This paper proposes multi-sensor information fusion technology in the vehicle anti-theft system based on the improved D-S evidence theory. The use of information fusion method with improved D-S evidence theory can process conflict evidence reasonably, so that the anti-theft alarm system is closer to the real situation. When the car is hurt it can realize real-time control through the GSM network, solving the problem of the traditional alarm effectively.
Rapid Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework HKUST‐1 Crystals in Bulk and as Oriented and Patterned Thin Films (2011)

Abstract Whereas the preparation of defined metal–organic framework (MOF) materials via hydrothermal or diffusion methods typically requires hours to days, our simple precipitation route opens the access to the well‐known HKUST‐1 frameworks within minutes. Crucial for the formation of a well‐defined, crystalline material is the choice of suitable precipitating solvents, with methanol and ethanol being the most favorable ones. This approach could be extended to the formation of dense, surface‐mounted MOF films (so‐called SURMOFs), in particular if the surfaces are decorated with suitable binding groups by formation of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). By combination with micro‐contact printing (μCP), patterned SURMOFs became accessible, in which the precipitating solvent is decisive on the formation of either spatially restricted films or single particles.
Advances in Autonomous Deepwater Inspection (2013)

Abstract Advances in autonomous inspection of deepwater subsea facilities are examined to illustrate the favorable enhancement of safety, reliability, reduction in risks, economic benefits and superior data products compared to conventional means. These benefits provide operators with significant improvements over general visual inspection by the addition of sensors that produce 3D models of the structure being inspected. Examples are provided illustrating test data from operations conducted from 2011–2013. Additional benefits include rapid response when a loss of well containment requires large standoff distances between the host vessel and the sensing platform. Three dimensional georegistered models of the entire scene can be rapidly collected within hours of the incident providing responders with a clear vision of the underwater scene along with in-situ status of critical components. Introduction of new sensors support even more advanced capabilities leading to autonomous metrology, hydrocarbon detection tracking and fingerprinting, non-contact corrosion potential measurement, thermal measurements and three dimensional underwater scanning lasers. Application to deepwater life of field inspection will be presented with evidence gained from offshore trials in 2011 and 2012. This emergent technology supports Subsea Facility Inspection Repair and Maintenance, Integrity Management Inspections of Marine Risers, Moorings and anchors, Subsea Pipelines, Flowlines, Umbilicals, and supporting subsea infrastructure. Introduction Frequent risk based assessment of the condition and integrity of subsea equipment is vital to predicting the life of the equipment and prevention of uncontrolled release of hydrocarbons into the environment. Oil and Gas operators must know the state of the equipment that is often thousands of meters below the ocean surface shrouded in the veil of darkness. " Protection of health, safety, and the environment is a critical component of the processes and procedures used to monitor the conditions of offshore surface and subsea facilities and structures" (1). Traditional means of inspecting this equipment employs visual sensors such as video or still cameras mounted on Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) that are hardwired to the operators controlling the vehicle from a ship above the inspection site. Such General Visual Inspection (GVI) requires significant topside support equipment and numerous skilled operators on site to control observe and maintain the ROV and interpret the images along with a large vessel support crew (MTS Journal Article). While the quality of images has improved with the advent of digital High-Definition or HD sensors the images are often degraded by movement of the cameras and the turbidity of the water, reducing the effectiveness of the inspection. In addition, the data provided to clients is often hours upon hours of recorded video that must be archived and revisited by humans for detailed examination.
High resolution atomic force microscopy potentiometry (1991)

A method is presented for performing attractive-mode force potentiometry with submillivolt accuracy and a typical spatial resolution of order 50 nm. The technique permits measurements to be made in air on specimens which may be passivated or oxidized, conducting or semiconducting, with virtually no sensitivity to oxide thickness or character. An initial demonstration is presented showing voltage measurements on a commercial operational amplifier.
연구논문 : V.Satir의 의사소통 이론과 상담심방 적용 가능성 연구 (2007)

본 연구는 의사소통을 통한 가족 상호 작용에 관심을 둔 `V. Satir의 가족 의사소통 이론`의 상담심방 적용 가능성에 관한 것으로서, 기능적 의사소통 향상에 목적을 두고 가족치료적 형태로 행해지는 목회 상담적 심방에 Satir의 의사소통 이론 적용 가능성을 모색함으로써, 실제 교회 심방 사역에서 많이 시행되고 있는 상담심방의 이론적 정립 및 구체적인 가족치료 진행 실제를 제시하는 데에 초점이 있다. 연구의 목적은 Satir의 가족 의사소통 이론의 제 국면을 고찰하여 상담심방 적용 가능성의 기초를 제공하며, 영혼에 대한 사랑과 관심에 동기를 둔 상담심방에 대한 이해와, 성경적인 상담심방의 원리와 방법을 기반으로 한 기독교적 가족 상담으로서의 상담심방 모델을 모색하고, 성경적인 상담심방이 이루어질 수 있도록 방향성과 성경적인 준거 틀을 제공하는 데에 있다. 연구 결과 Satir 이론의 취약점과 한국적인 상황이 가지는 장단점, 그리고 현재 목회상황에 적용함에 있어서 예견되는 제한점들이 있었다. 따라서 Satir 이론은 예수 그리스도를 통한 구원과 은총의 변화된 인간성에 기초한 성경적인 적용방안이 필요함을 알게 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 가족 의사소통 갈등의 문제를 예방하고 치유하는 상담심방의 보다 효과적이고 실천적인 목회상담적 상담심방을 위한 모색점으로서, 가족체계의 특성을 고려하여 갈등문제에 대한 정확한 처방을 세워 근본적으로 해결하는 것이 바람직하다는 것을 알게 되었다. 그리고 본 연구는 기독교 가족 상담심방은 가족 의사소통에 대한 성경적인 관점에서의 올바른 이해를 가지고 있어야 하고, 또한 피상담자와 그 가족 구성원의 변화와 성숙을 지향하여 가족을 향한 하나님의 언약을 이루는 공동체가 되도록 지도해 나가야 함을 제안한다.
EasiPC: A Packet Compression Mechanism for Embedded WSN (2006)

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has many promising applications. One of the most challenging technical issues for sensor network design is to enable ultra low power consumption communication. In this paper we propose a packet compression mechanism, namely EasiPC, as a new power management technique for WSN with this mechanism, the lengths of data packets are shortened significantly due to the effective reduction of redundant information. As a consequence the energy required for transporting packets is saved too. Experiments carried out on WSN platform developed in-house show that this packet compression mechanism is both feasible and effective. Additional benefits introduced by this packet compression mechanism include reduced transmission delays, reduced channel accessing collisions, as well as enhanced channel utilization.
Saw-Mark Defect Detection in Heterogeneous Solar Wafer Images using GAN-based Training Samples Generation and CNN Classification (2019)

This paper presents a machine vision-based scheme to automatically detect saw-mark defects in solar wafer surfaces. A saw-mark defect is a severe flaw when cutting a silicon ingot into wafers. A multicrystalline solar wafer surface presents random shapes, sizes and orientations of crystal grains in the surface and, thus, results in a heterogeneous texture. It makes the automatic visual inspection task extremely difficult. The deep learning technique is an ideal choice to tackle the problem, but it requires a huge amount of positive (defect-free) and negative (defective) samples for the training. The negative samples are generally not sufficient enough in a manufacturing process. We thus apply a GAN-based model to generate the defective samples for training, and then use the true defect-free samples and the synthesized defective samples to train a CNN model. It solves the imbalanced data arising in manufacturing inspection. The preliminary experiment has shown promising results of the proposed method for detecting various saw-mark defects including black line, white line, and impurity in multicrystalline solar wafers.
Lactobacilli and bile salt hydrolase in the murine intestinal tract (1989)

Mice that have a complex intestinal microflora but that do not harbor lactobacilli were used to determine the contribution of lactobacilli to the total bile salt hydrolase activity in the murine intestinal tract. Bile salt hydrolase activity in the ileal contents of these mice was reduced 86% in the absence of lactobacilli and by greater than 98% in the absence of lactobacilli and enterococci compared with samples from conventional mice. Bile salt hydrolase activities were lower in ileal and cecal contents from lactobacillus-free mice colonized with enterococci than in samples from lactobacillus-free mice colonized with lactobacilli. Bile salt hydrolase activity in the duodena, jejuna, ilea, and ceca of reconstituted lactobacillus-free mice colonized by lactobacilli was similar to that in samples from the intestinal tracts of conventional mice. We conclude from these studies that lactobacilli are the main contributors to total bile salt hydrolase activity in the murine intestinal tract.
Identifying Significant Predictive Bias in Classifiers (2016)

We present a novel subset scan method to detect if a probabilistic binary classifier has statistically significant bias -- over or under predicting the risk -- for some subgroup, and identify the characteristics of this subgroup. This form of model checking and goodness-of-fit test provides a way to interpretably detect the presence of classifier bias or regions of poor classifier fit. This allows consideration of not just subgroups of a priori interest or small dimensions, but the space of all possible subgroups of features. To address the difficulty of considering these exponentially many possible subgroups, we use subset scan and parametric bootstrap-based methods. Extending this method, we can penalize the complexity of the detected subgroup and also identify subgroups with high classification errors. We demonstrate these methods and find interesting results on the COMPAS crime recidivism and credit delinquency data.
Identification of Amino Acids at Two Dimer Interface Regions of the α-Factor Receptor (Ste2) (2009)

The yeast alpha-factor pheromone receptor (Ste2) belongs to the large superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that characteristically contain seven transmembrane domains (TMs). A wide range of GPCRs are thought to exist as dimers or oligomers. To identify the interface regions that mediate oligomerization of Ste2, a set of 73 different mutants with Cys residues substituted near the extracellular ends of the transmembrane domains were screened for the ability to form intermolecular disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonds formed between Cys residues at six positions in Ste2. Cys substituted for Val-45 formed disulfide bonds, indicating contact between residues at the extracellular end of TM1. Disulfide bonds also formed with Cys residues substituted for five different residues clustered near the extracellular end of TM4 (Val-183, Val-186, Lys-187, Met-189, and Ile-190). Binding of the alpha-factor ligand to Ste2 did not change the sites at which cross-linking occurred in these TMs, but it did increase the efficiency of dimer formation for the Ste2-V183C mutant. Interestingly, oligomers of the class A family of vertebrate GPCRs are also thought to form homomeric contacts at TM1 and TM4. These results support the conclusion that GPCRs form oligomers and not just dimers, since TM1 and TM4 are too far apart in the class A GPCRs to form contacts in the same dimer moiety. Similar dimer interface sites in Ste2 and class A receptors provide further evidence that many aspects of structure and function are highly conserved across the divergent GPCR superfamily.
Downstream processing and chromatography based analytical methods for production of vaccines, gene therapy vectors, and bacteriophages (2015)

Downstream processing of nanoplexes (viruses, virus-like particles, bacteriophages) is characterized by complexity of the starting material, number of purification methods to choose from, regulations that are setting the frame for the final product and analytical methods for upstream and downstream monitoring. This review gives an overview on the nanoplex downstream challenges and chromatography based analytical methods for efficient monitoring of the nanoplex production.
Effects of Internal Filtration on the Solute Removal Efficiency of a Dialyzer (2000)

To improve solute removal efficiency, several types of dialyzers with enhanced internal filtration were introduced for clinical application. In these dialyzers, enhanced internal filtration increased convective transport of the solute, in addition to diffusive transport. In this study, the effects of internal filtration on solute removal efficiency were examined by both analytic and experimental studies. Internal filtration is affected by blood (Q(B)) and dialysate (Q(D)) flow rates; the patient's hematocrit and plasma level of total protein; and the effective length (L(eff)), inner diameter (D), and density ratio (DR) of the hollow fibers. An analytic model was introduced for the estimation of the changes in mass and momentum along the dialyzer. It clarified the effects of these parameters on maximum internal filtration flow rate (Q(IF)) and clearance (K) of urea (60 daltons), vitamin B(12) (1,355), and myoglobin (17,000). As a result of the analytic study, Q(IF) was increased, resulting in a smaller D, a longer L(eff), and a larger DR value. Several types of dialyzers with the same cellulose triacetate membrane, produced by Toyobo Co, Ltd., Ohtsu, Japan, and Nissho Corporation, Kusatsu, Japan, were used for the experimental study. An in vitro evaluation using myoglobin solution showed the same trends as found in the analytic study. For example, a dialyzer with 150 microm of D has a 72.0 ml/min myoglobin K value, much higher than that of 53.7 ml/min for a dialyzer with 200 microm of D under constant Q(B) (300 ml/min) and DR (50%) values. Development of a dialyzer with enhanced internal filtration, however, should take the patient's safety into account, and hemolysis and endotoxin invasion from the dialysate to the patient should be avoided.