gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of the Acute-Phase Protein Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein by Respiratory Type II Epithelial Cells: Implications for Local Defense to Bacterial Endotoxins (2000)

This study demonstrates for the first time that respiratory epithelial cells are able to produce the acute phase protein lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), which is known to play a central role in the defense to bacterial endotoxins (or LPS). Indications for local presence of LBP in human lung was obtained via reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction that showed LBP messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Therefore, LBP production by the human lung epithelial cell line A549, a human adenocarcinoma with features of type II pneumocytes, was studied. These cells produced LBP in response to interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha, a response that was strongly enhanced by dexamethasone. In addition, LBP mRNA was detected in A549 cells, in increasing amounts as a result of stimulation. The pattern of cytokine-induced LBP production in A549 cells was similar to the pattern in the human liver epithelial cell line HuH-7. Moreover, the molecular weight of A549-derived LBP was approximately 60 kD, which is similar to HuH-7-derived LBP. Biologic activity of LBP produced by A549 cells was evaluated on the basis of its ability to interact with LPS. Further indications that type II alveolar epithelial cells are able to produce LBP were obtained from the observations that the murine lung type II epithelial cell line C10 produced murine LBP, and that isolated human primary type II pneumocytes expressed LBP mRNA, which was enhanced after stimulation of cells. The local production of this endotoxin binding protein by lung epithelial cells might contribute to a highly specific response at the site of exposure to bacteria and bacterial endotoxins.
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging of Organic Fine Crystals (1997)

Abstract Morphologies and crystal structures of organic fine crystals were characterized by electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) technique combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF/SF) is a muscle-derived survival factor for a subpopulation of embryonic motoneurons (1997)

Muscle-derived factors are known to be important for the survival of developing spinal motoneurons, but the molecules involved have not been characterized. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) plays an important role in muscle development and motoneuron axon outgrowth. We show that HGF/SF has potent neurotrophic activity (EC50=2 pM) for a subpopulation (40%) of purified embryonic rat motoneurons. Moreover, HGF/SF is an essential component of muscle-derived support for motoneurons, since blocking antibodies to HGF/SF specifically inhibited 65% of the trophic activity of media conditioned by C2/C7 skeletal myotubes, but did not inhibit the trophic activity secreted by Schwann cell lines. High levels of expression of the HGF/SF receptor c-Met in the spinal cord are restricted to subsets of motoneurons, mainly in limb-innervating segments. Consistent with this distribution, cultured motoneurons from limb-innervating brachial and lumbar segments showed a more potent response to HGF/SF than did thoracic motoneurons. By the end of the period of motoneuron cell death, levels of c-Met mRNA in motoneurons were markedly reduced, suggesting that the effects of HGF/SF may be limited to the period of motoneuron cell death. HGF/SF may play an important role during motoneuron development as a muscle-derived survival factor for a subpopulation of limb-innervating motoneurons.
Upgrade of beam diagnostics in LEBT and MEBT of J-PARC linac (2006)

Front-end part (from an ion source, up to the first drift tube linac, DTL-1) of J-PARC LINAC [1] was transported to Tokai, after beam tests in Tsukuba [2]. From the coming December, commissioning with H beam in Tokai is scheduled. Before the commissioning, upgrade of beam diagnostics is taken; three beam current monitors (slow current transformer, SCT) and two beam phase monitors (fast current transformer, FCT) are added in the low-energy transport line (LEBT) and mediumenergy transport line (MEBT). The upgrade scheme of these additional monitors is described.
Design of a Novel Gadolinium Optical Sensor Based on Immobilization of (Z)-N′-((Pyridine-2-yl) Methylene) Thiophene-2-carbohydrazide on a Triacetylcellulose Membrane and Its Application to the Urine Samples (2009)

Abstract In this work, for the first time we report a highly selective and sensitive Gd(III) optical sensor based on immobilization of (Z)-N′-((pyridine-2-yl) methylene) thiophene-2-carbohydrazide (PMTC) on a triacetylcellulose membrane. This optode exhibits a linear range 5.0 × 10−8 to 2.0 × 10−5 M of Gd(III) ion concentration with a detection limit of 1.1 × 10−8 M. The response time of the newly designed optode was within 1–2 min, depending on the Gd(III) ion concentration. The response of the sensor is independent of the pH solution in the range of 2.0–9.0. It manifests advantages of low detection limit, fast response time, and most significant, very good selectivity with respect to a number of lanthanide ions (La, Ce, Sm, and Eu ions). The proposed sensor could be successfully regenerated with a thiourea solution. Its response was reversible and reproducible (RSD less than 1.3%). This optode was applied to the determination of Gd(III) in synthetic and real samples.
Cellular glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D regulates urokinase receptor shedding and cell surface expression (1999)

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored, multifunctional receptor for the serine proteinase, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPAR, CD87), regulates plasminogen activation and cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. uPAR occurs in functionally distinct, membrane-anchored and soluble isoforms (s-uPAR) in vitro and in vivo. Recent evidence indicates that s-uPAR present in the circulation of cancer patients correlates with tumor malignancy and represents a valuable prognostic marker in certain types of cancer. We have therefore analyzed the mechanism of uPAR shedding in vitro. We present evidence that uPAR is actively released from ovarian cancer cells since the rate of receptor shedding did not correlate with uPAR expression. While s-uPAR was derived from the cell surface, it lacked the hydrophobic portion of the GPI moiety indicating anchor cleavage. We show that uPAR release is catalyzed by cellular GPI-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD), an enzyme cleaving the GPI anchor of the receptor. Thus, recombinant GPI-PLD expression increased receptor release up to fourfold. Conversely, a 40% reduction in GPI-PLD activity by GPI-PLD antisense mRNA expression inhibited uPAR release by more than 60%. We found that GPI-PLD also regulated uPAR expression, possibly by releasing a GPI-anchored growth factor. Our data suggest that cellular GPI-PLD might be involved in the generation of circulating prognostic markers in cancer and possibly regulate the function of GPI-anchored proteins by generating functionally distinct, soluble counterparts.
Skin Wound Healing: An Update on the Current Knowledge and Concepts (2016)

Although wound healing mechanisms and specific cell functions in wound repair have been delineated in part, many underlying pathophysiological processes are still unknown. The purpose of the following update on skin wound healing is to focus on the different phases and to brief the reader on the current knowledge and new insights. Skin wound healing is a complex process, which is dependent on many cell types and mediators interacting in a highly sophisticated temporal sequence. Although some interactions during the healing process are crucial, redundancy is high and other cells or mediators can adopt functions or signaling without major complications.
HIGH-FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER DESIGN (2003)

This book, first published in 2004, is an expanded and thoroughly revised edition of Tom Lee's acclaimed guide to the design of gigahertz RF integrated circuits. A new chapter on the principles of wireless systems provides a bridge between system and circuit issues. The chapters on low-noise amplifiers, oscillators and phase noise have been significantly expanded. The chapter on architectures now contains several examples of complete chip designs, including a GPS receiver and a wireless LAN transceiver, that bring together the theoretical and practical elements involved in producing a prototype chip. Every section has been revised and updated with findings in the field and the book is packed with physical insights and design tips, and includes a historical overview that sets the whole field in context. With hundreds of circuit diagrams and homework problems this is an ideal textbook for students taking courses on RF design and a valuable reference for practising engineers.
A Birefringent and Transparent Electrical Conductor (2008)

Abstract We have developed a range of thin film coatings that are transparent in the visible, electrically conducting, adjustably birefringent and capable of aligning calamitic liquid crystals. The coatings were fabricated from indium tin oxide by oblique or glancing angle deposition, and a wide range of microstructures such as helices, chevrons, uniaxial posts and biaxial slabs were produced. Under many deposition conditions, these structures showed optical transmittance and electrical conductivity comparable to standard indium tin oxide, yet a strong form birefringence (Δ n > 0.07 at 589 nm) was also measured. In addition, many coatings were found to be capable of aligning liquid crystals along a common director, leading us to conclude that the technology may be useful in liquid crystal displays and other lightwave applications.
Time Series Similarity Search in Distributed Key- Value Data Stores Using R-Trees (2015)

Time series data are sequences of data points collected at certain time intervals. The advance in mobile and sensor technologies has led to rapid growth in the available amount of time series data. The ability to search large time series data sets can be extremely useful in many applications. In healthcare, a system monitoring vital signals can perform a search against the past data and identify possible health threatening conditions. In engineering, a system can analyze performances of complicated equipment and identify possible failure situations or needs of maintenance based on historical data. Existing search methods for time series data are limited in many ways. Systems utilizing memory-bound or disk-bound indexes are restricted by the resources of a single machine or hard drive. Systems that do not use indexes must search through the entire database whenever a search is requested. The proposed system uses multidimensional index in the distributed storage environment to break the bound of one physical machine and allow for high data scalability. Utilizing an index allows the system to locate the patterns similar to the query without having to examine the entire dataset, which can significantly reduce the amount of computing resources required. The system uses an Apache HBase distributed key-value database to store the index and time series data across a cluster of machines. Evaluations were conducted to examine the system’s performance using synthesized data up to 30 million data points. The evaluation results showed that, despite some drawbacks inherited from an R-tree data structure, the system can efficiently search and retrieve patterns in large time series datasets.
Electroless Process for Producing Metal Filled Si Nanopores (2008)

Abstract not Available.
Synchronization Problems in PAM Systems (1980)

In a PAM system with unknown carrier phase and timing phase the receiver has to estimate these parameters. The "dataaided" approach involves the joint estimation of the data symbols and the unknown parameters. This is in contrast with the "nondataaided" approach, where the carrier phase and timing phase are estimated independently of the data symbols. We first establish the equivalence of these two strategies for high signal-to-noise ratios. Then we demonstrate that several PAM systems (baseband, VSB, QAM) perform better when the data symbols are independent equiprobable bits, instead of independent identically distributed Gaussian random variables (a high signal-to-noise ratio is assumed). Finally, some generalizations of the previous conclusions are treated.
Spatial Data Transformation: Feature Attribute Conversion Issues and Practical Experience (1991)

Abstract : The need exists for continued development of spatial data transformation tools to provide increase capabilities for conversion of both format and content of locational coordinates, feature attributes, and ancillary information. Although individual geographic information systems (GIS) often provide a means of data import from and export to various other systems, such as capabilities typically only permit transformation of the spatial data structure and format from one system to another. Existing feature attribute information is essentially transferred intact, subject to the constraints of the conversion software and other characteristics of each of the conversion software and other characteristics of each particular GIS; thus, reconciliation of differences due to variations in data description are left to the user. The tremendous growth in spatial data holdings constructed using a broad range of evolving systems, techniques and specifications has intensified the demand for enhanced data transformation capabilities to facilitate the integration of numerous existing data bases.
A secured microcellular network supported by system-VLSI (2004)

This paper proposes a public microcellular network allowing extension of LAN to the mobile network, which is named mobile multimedia metropolitan area network (MM-MAN). Users driving at highspeed can enjoy the same IT environment as in their office. This is one of the promising services of the 4G featuring IP-based high-bit-rate communications to fast terminals. The service requires secure VPN communications over the Internet section and wireless section to conceal business activities of users. Private IP addresses are used in the MM-MAN to veil the activity of the mobile user. The pre-shared secret keys, which are distributed from the VPN Server in the original home LAN are the basis to perform mutual authentication, registration and secure tunnel establishment for the mobile users in the MM-MAN. The established security associations (SA) are preserved unchangeably in an all IP cellular network during the movement of the mobile terminal across the microcells. The MM-MAN requires system-VLSI for intelligent base stations operated in each microcell allowing continuous packet transfer despite of frequent hand-offs. The base station is connected through PON (passive optical network), which is a kind of optical bus.
Profiling interrupt handler performance through kernel instrumentation (2004)

As a result of technology trends towards multigigahertz processors, the I/O system is becoming a critical bottleneck for many applications. Interrupts are a major aspect of most device drivers. Characterizing interrupt performance and its relation to architectural trends is important for understanding and improving I/O subsystem performance. Kernel instrumentation in combination with performance counters is able to overcome the limitations of microbenchmarks when measuring interrupts. A comparative analysis of a range of IA-32 based systems reveals that interrupt handler code exhibits only a low degree of instruction-level parallelism. Consequently, the trend towards deeper processor pipelines and smaller caches to maximize clock frequency can be detrimental to interrupt handling performance.
In vivo wound healing effects of Symphytum officinale L. leaves extract in different topical formulations. (2012)

The present work evaluates wound healing activity of leaves extracts of Symphytum officinale L. (comfrey) incorporated in three pharmaceutical formulations. Wound healing activity of comfrey was determined by qualitative and quantitative histological analysis of open wound in rat model, using allantoin as positive control. Three topical formulations, carbomer gel, glycero-alcoholic solution and O/W emulsion (soft lotion) were compared. The histological analysis of the healing process shows significant differences in treatment, particularly on its intensity and rate. The results indicate that emulsion containing both extracts, commercial and prepared, induced the largest and furthest repair of damaged tissue. This could be evidenced from day 3 to 28 by increase in collagen deposition from 40% to 240% and reduction on cellular inflammatory infiltrate from 3% to 46%. However, 8% prepared extract in emulsion presented the best efficacy. This work clearly demonstrates that comfrey leaves have a wound healing activity. The O/W emulsion showed to be the vehicle most effective to induce healing activity, particularly with extracts obtained from comfrey leaves collected in Minas Gerais state in Brazil. It shows the best efficacy to control the inflammatory process and to induce collagen deposition at 8% concentration.
Multi‐azimuth streamer acquisition — Initial data analysis (2006)

In this paper we discuss the processing flow and initial data analysis of a multi‐azimuth streamer dataset. The main elements of the flow used are a standard demultiple followed by Kirchhoff PSTM. Some of the issues around this approach are discussed. The initial data analysis shows that MAZ data greatly improves general image quality, signal‐to‐noise ratio and lateral resolution, and suppresses diffracted multiples effectively, despite some of the obvious limitations of the used processing flow.
Continuous Rotation Angles Measurement Using Video Frame Images (2010)

A digital video is composed of a series of frame images. The continuous rotation angles are computed using the frame images grabbed from the rotation angle measurement video. An angle is calculated with the cosine theorem through the center point, start point and object point in a frame image and is compensated to a rotation angle. The positions of the object point in frame images are different during the period of the lasting rotation. The object point in a frame image is automatically detected with the computation of the correlation coefficients in every points of the rotation disk. The method described in this paper is successfully applied to determine the butterfly's flying direction. Experimental results reveal that the method plays an important role in the non-damaged and non-contact inspections and the instantaneous rotation angles measurement.
Simultaneous measurements of the solid particles velocity and concentration profiles in two phase flow by pulsed ultrasonic doppler velocimetry (2009)

In this experimental study, the pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry was used to measure simultaneously the local velocity and the local concentration in a flow of solid-liquid suspension in a horizontal pipe. In order to distinguish between the Doppler signals coming from the continuous phase, water and those of the glass bead particles larger than the Kolmogorov length scale and the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, a threshold is imposed on the integral of the power spectral density of the Doppler signal. The new approach measurement of the local concentration was used. It consists of counting a number NP of the Doppler signals of the solid particles crossing the measurement volume and a number NPt of the Doppler signals of the solid particles crossing the control volume. The concentration profile is then represented by the ration NP / NPt. The results obtained show that the suspension of fine particles, which represents a tracer, behaves as a homogenous fluid. For large particles, we confirmed the existence of the slip velocity and the effects of both concentration and size particle on the turbulence. The use of two distinct measurement volumes allows the direct determination of the turbulent length scales. The results show that the turbulence characteristics of the carried fluid are modified by the presence of the solid particles.
Kinetic Cytokine Secretion Profile of LPS-Induced Inflammation in the Human Skin Organ Culture (2020)

Several in vitro models that mimic different aspects of local skin inflammation exist. The use of ex vivo human skin organ culture (HSOC) has been reported previously. However, comprehensive evaluation of the cytokine secretory capacity of the system and its kinetics has not been performed. Objective: the aim of the current study was to investigate the levels and secretion pattern of key cytokine from human skin tissue upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. HSOC maintained in an air-liquid interface was used. Epidermal and tissue viability was monitored by MTT and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay, respectively. Cytokine levels were examined by ELISA and multiplex array. HSOCs were treated without or with three different LPS subtypes and the impact on IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was evaluated. The compounds enhanced the secreted levels of both cytokines. However, differences were observed in their efficacy and potency. Next, a kinetic multiplex analysis was performed on LPS-stimulated explants taken from three different donors to evaluate the cytokine secretion pattern during 0-72 h post-induction. The results revealed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNFα and IL-1β were up-regulated by LPS stimuli. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was also induced by LPS, but exhibited a different secretion pattern, peak time and maximal stimulation values. IL-1α and IL-15 showed donor-specific changes. Lastly, dexamethasone attenuated cytokine secretion in five independent repetitions, supporting the ability of the system to be used for drug screening. The collective results demonstrate that several cytokines can be used as valid inflammatory markers, regardless of changes in the secretion levels due to donor's specific alterations.
RETHINKING THE FREIGHT CAR (1990)

In the second installment of the series, this article describes the search for improved technology, from new car concepts to longer-lasting components. Establishment of new or revised industry standards, based on a strong foundation of research and tempered by the experienced expertise of committee members, is the surest route to wide-spread acceptance of research findings and implementation of research results.
Bile salt–dependent lipase interacts with platelet CXCR4 and modulates thrombus formation in mice and humans (2007)

Bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL) is an enzyme involved in the duodenal hydrolysis and absorption of cholesteryl esters. Although some BSDL is transported to blood, the role of circulating BSDL is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that BSDL is stored in platelets and released upon platelet activation. Because BSDL contains a region that is structurally homologous to the V3 loop of HIV-1, which binds to CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), we hypothesized that BSDL might bind to CXCR4 present on platelets. In human platelets in vitro, both BSDL and a peptide corresponding to its V3-like loop induced calcium mobilization and enhanced thrombin-mediated platelet aggregation, spreading, and activated alpha(IIb)beta(3) levels. These effects were abolished by CXCR4 inhibition. BSDL also increased the production of prostacyclin by human endothelial cells. In a mouse thrombosis model, BSDL accumulated at sites of vessel wall injury. When CXCR4 was antagonized, the accumulation of BSDL was inhibited and thrombus size was reduced. In BSDL(-/-) mice, calcium mobilization in platelets and thrombus formation were attenuated and tail bleeding times were increased in comparison with those of wild-type mice. We conclude that BSDL plays a role in optimal platelet activation and thrombus formation by interacting with CXCR4 on platelets.