gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
100 Outcomes of Acute Pancreatic in Patients With and Without History of Cholecystectomy (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis (AP) has been shown to have a high mortality of up to 21%. But, data are lacking on the mortality and other outcomes in patients who underwent cholecystectomy. We aimed to assess the outcomes of AP in patients who had history of cholecystectomy versus who retained their gall bladder. METHODS: Using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database between 2002 and 2014, we identified patients who were diagnosed with AP using appropriate ICD 9 coding. Patients with AP were divided into two groups: with history of cholecystectomy (study group) and without history of cholecystectomy (control group). We then performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to compare the outcomes of AP between the two groups. Outcomes of interest included: inpatient mortality (IM), respiratory failure (RF) and acute kidney injury (AKI). RESULTS: A total of 1,094,214 total patients with AP were identified, of which 18,263 patients (1.67%) had history of cholecystectomy. Patients with cholecystectomy were older (53 vs 52), more likely to female (56.6% vs 49.9%) and less likely to be African American (11% vs 16.6%) than the control group ( P < 0.001 for all). In addition, patients with cholecystectomy had less alcohol abuse (12.8% vs 22.8%, P < 0.001) but more likely to be obese (13.1% vs 9.4%) and smokers (23.1% and 19.4%) when compared to the control group ( P < 0.001) (Table 1). Using Multivariate logistic regression, and after adjusting for potential cofounding factors including (age, race, gender, obesity, alcohol abuse, smoking and Elixhauser comorbidities), individuals in the cholecystectomy group had a lower rate of in-patient mortality (IM) (OR 0.21, 95%, CI: 0.16–0.28, P < 0.001), respiratory failure (RF) (OR 0.30, 95%, CI: 0.26–0.34, P < 0.001) and acute kidney injury (OR 0.58, 95%, CI: 0.54–0.63, P < 0.001) when compared to patients without cholecystectomy (Figure 1). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that cholecystectomy in patients admitted with acute pancreatitis is associated with lower risk of IM, RF and AKI and should be considered in all patients admitted with acute pancreatitis.
Miniature supercontinuum laser sources (2004)

We demonstrate several miniature continuum laser sources by combining compact Q-switched lasers with specially designed photonic crystal fibers. A continuum spanning two octaves is obtained with a 1-Watt diode pump.
Learning to predict user operations for adaptive scheduling (1998)

Mixed-initiative systems present the challenge of find-ing an effective level of interaction between humans and computers. Machine learning presents a promis-ing approach to this problem in the form of systems that automatically adapt their behavior to accommo-date different users. In this paper, we present an em-pirical study of learning user models in an adaptive assistant for crisis scheduling. We describe the prob-lem domain and the scheduling assistant, then present an initial formulation of the adaptive assistant’s learn-ing task and the results of a baseline study. After this, we report the results of three subsequent experiments that investigate the effects of problem reformulation and representation augmentation. The results suggest that problem reformulation leads to significantly bet-ter accuracy without sacrificing the usefulness of the learned behavior. The studies also raise several inter-esting issues in adaptive assistance for scheduling.
Influence of Lactose on Faecal Microflora in Lactose Maldigestors (1993)

The effects of lactose intake on the human faecal microflora and on the faecal organic acids were investigated in 24 Japanese male volunteers who took 15 g of the test sugar daily for 6 d. Twenty-two of the 24 subjects (92 per cent) were classified as lactose maldigestors by the hydrogen breath test. The numbers of total faecal bacteria, and specifically of bacteroides and Clostridium perfringens decreased while the numbers of lactobacilli, enterococci, Candida spp. and staphylococci increased after lactose consumption. The ingestion of lactose did not markedly alter faecal short chain fatty acids but increased the concentration of formic acid and valeric acid. These results suggest that in subjects with verified lactose maldigestion, part of the lactose passes into the colon, inducing changes in the colonic microflora composition.
Enhanced image detail using continuity in the MIP Z‐buffer: Applications to magnetic resonance angiography (2000)

In this paper a new algorithm is presented for the segmentation and display of blood vessels from images obtained with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and other three-dimensional (3D) angiographic imaging techniques. The algorithm developed is based on the observation that vessels are strongly evident in the maximum intensity projection (MIP) Z-buffer as regions of high continuity and low local roughness. Roughness is measured here by the minimum chi2 value of a low-order local least-squares fit in the principal directions through each point in the MIP Z-buffer. Although some background pixels in the Z-buffer exhibit low local roughness, the size of the connected region is nearly always much smaller than even the very smallest vessels that appear in the MIP image. It is shown that by applying connectivity to the regions of low roughness, there is nearly complete separation between vascular detail and background. When connectivity is further applied in the original 3D image, vascular bed segmentation becomes nearly complete. The algorithm consists of three basic steps: a) determination of the minimum local roughness at each point in the MIP Z-buffer; b) connection of all neighboring points of low local roughness; and c) connection of all points in the original 3D image matrix that are connected to the points determined in the MIP Z-buffer and that are above an intensity threshold. The algorithm as presented is not optimized but demonstrates a very strong potential for improved portrayal of vascular detail.
Judge James Doty's Notes of Trials and Opinions: 1823-1832 (1965)

Judge James Doty's Notes of Trials and Opinions: 1823–1832 Get access Elizabeth Gaspar Brown Elizabeth Gaspar Brown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Legal History, Volume 9, Issue 3, July 1965, Pages 216–233, https://doi.org/10.2307/844133 Published: 01 July 1965
New Developments in Induction and Sonic Logging (1960)

Abstract In the combination induction-electrical log used at present in the field, the induction logging tool is appropriate for the investigation of moderately invaded formations. A new induction sonde with a radius and investigation about twice as large has been developed recently for the case of deep invasion. It has very nearly the same vertical resolution as the present sonde so that thin beds are defined as accurately as before. The characteristics of the new tool are described, the corresponding interpretation charts are given and field examples are discussed. The design of the sonic logging tool has been modified to improve the calibration and the reliability. The fact that porosity can be accurately recorded by means of the sonic log has prompted new interpretation. procedures for saturation estimation, wherein the data concerning the various permeable beds in a given well are correlated. One approach consists of plotting transit time vs true resistivity, with an appropriate scale. With this approach, saturations can be estimated conveniently even in cases where formation water resistivity is not well known. In another approach, a comparison is made of the values of the formation waters computed from the resistivity and sonic logs. Using the concept of continuity, this procedure makes possible a quick determination of zones of saturation in shaly sands and/or in case of appreciable variations of formation salinities with depth. It has been found that the comparison of porosity from the sonic log with the apparent porosity computed from a short-investigation resistivity log may reveal, in many cases, the presence of residual oil and thus detect potentially productive formations; this procedure is valuable when the true formation resistivity and the resistivity of the formation water are in doubt. Introduction During the past year, the efficiency of log interpretation has been vastly improved. The improvements have largely resulted from the introduction of a deep-investigation induction device and from the application of new interpretation techniques that utilize sonic vs resistivity readings. Since the new interpretation techniques depend, in part, upon good values of true formation resistivity, the new induction log will be discussed under Part I. The sonic interpretation techniques will be studied under Part II.
Comparison Of Different Advanced Oxidation Processes For Degrading 4-Chlorophenol (2009)

The removal efficiency of 4-chlorophenol with different advanced oxidation processes have been studied. Oxidation experiments were carried out using two 4-chlorophenol concentrations: 100 mg L-1 and 250 mg L-1 and UV generated from a KrCl excilamp with (molar ratio H2O2: 4-chlorophenol = 25:1) and without H2O2, and, with Fenton process (molar ratio H2O2:4- chlorophenol of 25:1 and Fe2+ concentration of 5 mg L-1). The results show that there is no significant difference in the 4- chlorophenol conversion when using one of the three assayed methods. However, significant concentrations of the photoproductos still remained in the media when the chosen treatment involves UV without hydrogen peroxide. Fenton process removed all the intermediate photoproducts except for the hydroquinone and the 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. In the case of UV and hydrogen peroxide all the intermediate photoproducts are removed. Microbial bioassays were carried out utilising the naturally luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri and a genetically modified Pseudomonas putida isolated from a waste treatment plant receiving phenolic waste. The results using V. fischeri show that with samples after degradation, only the UV treatment showed toxicity (IC50 =38) whereas with H2O2 and Fenton reactions the samples exhibited no toxicity after treatment in the range of concentrations studied. Using the Pseudomonas putida biosensor no toxicity could be detected for all the samples following treatment due to the higher tolerance of the organism to phenol concentrations encountered.
Examination of the Curd Tension Test to Esitimate the Coagulability of Milk in the Stomach of Infant (1962)

Among the conditions in the method to estimate curd tension the pH of curdling solution is an important factor. PH of the mixture of milk and enzyme solution by the ordinary curd tension measurement is maintained at 6.2, whereas pH of stomach content of infant after 2 to 4 hours from milk ingestion is 5 to 5.5. To estimate the coagulability of milk in the stomach of infant, the authors recommend that 20 ml. instead of 10ml. of digestion mixture containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid should be added to 100ml. of milk. Even in this case human milk does not coagulate, while many milk products for infant fee ding coagulate distinctly. Spur's method of physiologic tension is the most suitable in these cases.
Performance analysis of adaptive multi-hop routing protocols using a Markov model (2003)

The results of a performance evaluation by analysis using Markov models of the adaptive multihop routing protocols DOR/FRAN and MARION for access from vehicles to an infrastructure network are presented. In the Markov model for the direction-oriented routing protocol (DOR/FRAN) implicit ACKs and retransmissions are taken into account. It is shown that the Markov model of the MARION protocol, which becomes more complex as the number of direct neighbors of a station increases, can be simplified if a large number of direct neighbors is assumed. The probability that a transmitted packet reaches the next beacon is calculated. The results of performance evaluation of the packet delay show that the MARION protocol is outperformed by the DOR/FRAN protocol, which could therefore be considered to be more suitable for PROMETHEUS applications with real-time requirements, and to be an appropriate adaptive multihop routing protocol candidate for the network layer of an integrated vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-beacon communication network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Strong irritants masquerading as skin allergens: the case of benzalkonium chloride (2004)

Chemicals may possess a number of hazards to human health including the ability to cause skin irritation and contact allergy. Identification and characterization of these properties should fall within predictive toxicology, but information derived from human exposure, including clinical experience, is also of importance. In this context, it is of interest to review the case of benzalkonium chloride, a cationic surfactant. This chemical is a well-known skin irritant, but on occasions it has also been reported to have allergenic properties, typically on the basis of positive diagnostic patch test data. Because the accumulated knowledge concerning the properties of a chemical is employed as the basis for its regulatory classification (e.g. in Europe), as well as for informing the clinical community with respect to the diagnosis of irritant versus allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), it is important to distinguish properly which chemicals are simply irritants from those which are both irritant and allergenic on skin. A review of the information on benzalkonium chloride confirms that it is a significant skin irritant. However, both predictive test results and clinical data lead to the conclusion that benzalkonium chloride is, at most, an extremely rare allergen, except perhaps in the eye, but with many supposed cases of ACD being likely to arise from the misinterpretation of patch test data. As a consequence, this substance should not normally be regarded as, or classified as, a significant skin sensitizer.
A linear and compact charge-coupled charge packet differencer/replicator (1984)

A new charge-coupled circuit for creating a charge packet equal to the difference of two input charge packets is analyzed. The circuit features inherent linearity through the use of quasi-three-dimensional charge-coupling, and can be implemented in a compact way. Depending upon the areal ratio of the circuit's primary electrodes, various fixed gains in the transfer characteristic may be obtained. The signal charges are transferred to the circuit through remote and possibly multiple floating diffusion collectors which may also function as summing nodes. Multiple copies of the output charge packet may be regenerated without refreshing the circuit input. A large geometry prototype device has been fabricated and characterized. The device demonstrates the operation of the circuit and features less than -40-dB linearity distortion over a dynamic range which exceeds 70 dB. Improved performance is expected in smaller geometry devices.
Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials for Sensors and Actuators (2010)

Piezoelectrics have widespread use in today's sensor and actuator technologies. However, most commercially available piezoelectric materials, e.g., Pb [Zr(x)Ti(1-x)] O(3) (PZT), are comprised of more than 60 weight percent lead (Pb). Due to its harmful effects, there is a strong impetus to identify new lead-free replacement materials with comparable properties to those of PZT. This review highlights recent developments in several lead-free piezoelectric materials including BaTiO(3), Na(0.5)Bi(0.5)TiO(3), K(0.5)Bi(0.5)TiO(3), Na(0.5)K(0.5)NbO(3), and their solid solutions. The factors that contribute to strong piezoelectric behavior are described and a summary of the properties for the various systems is provided.
Siderophore-Antibiotic Conjugates Used as Trojan Horses Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2001)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a dangerous opportunistic bacterium responsible for frequently lethal hospital (nosocomial) infections. It endangers especially severely injured patients suffering from large wounds or severe burns, as well as persons whose immune system is weakened. An extremely critical situation exists for patients suffering from mucoviscidosis (cystic fibrosis), when P. aeruginosa infects the bronchial tubes. P. aeruginosa is resistant against many disinfecting agents and, more important, an increasing number of strains especially from hospital isolates have become highly resistant against most antibiotics. The low permeability of the outer membrane and an active export mechanism for low molecular weight substances are the main reasons for the resistance. In addition, beta-lactamase activity affects treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics. An approach to overcome the problem of resistance lies in the synthesis of antibiotics conjugated with compounds active as siderophores. In this way the transport ways for iron complexes into the cell can be used ("Trojan Horse strategy"), and the presence of large substituents reduces the export and the beta-lactamase activity. The results obtained with natural (pyoverdins) and synthetic (mainly catecholate) siderophores will be reviewed.
Decoupling capacitor planning and sizing for noise and leakage reduction (2006)

Decoupling capacitor (decap) is a popular means to reduce power supply noise in integrated circuits. Since the decaps are usually inserted in the whitespace of the device layer, decap management during the floorplanning stage is desirable. In this paper, we devise the Effective Decap Distance model to analyze how functional blocks are affected by non-neighboring decaps. In addition, we propose a generalized network flow-based algorithm to allocate the whitespace to the blocks and determine the oxide thicknesses for the decaps to be implemented in the whitespace. Experimental results show that our decap allocation and sizing methods can significantly reduce decap budget and leakage power with a small increase in area and wirelength when integrated into 2D and 3D floorplanners.
Influence of Rare Earth Compound on the Desulfuring Properties of CaO (2002)

The desulfuring properties of CaO were studied in course of coal burning. Effect of the substance fraction of coal sulfur,temperature, w (Ca)/ w (S) and rare earth compound additive on the desulfuring properties of CaO were discussed. The utilized ratio of CaO increases with increasing of substance fraction of coal sulfur. CaO has higher desulfuring ratio when w (Ca) / w (S) is larger than 1∶1. The best desulfuring temperature of CaO is about 900?℃. The utilized ratio of CaO was increased when CaO powder and coal powder were fined. The desulfuring ratio of CaO is about 70% when temperature is 900?℃ and w (CaO)/ w (S) is 1∶1. Rare earth compound additives increases the utilized ratio of CaO. The desulfuring ratio of CaO were increased about 10% and the desulfuring temperature rased about 150?℃.
A Keystroke Dynamics Based System for User Identification (2008)

On-the-fly keyboard user authorization is certainly an interesting option for standard security procedures for high-security computer systems. Unauthorized access to logged-in workstation could threaten the security of data and systems. Conventional authorization methods (passwords, fingerprint scans) verify user identity only during logging process, leaving system vulnerable to user replacement afterwards. Procedures overcoming this peril are often invasive (constant visual monitoring) or uncomfortable (frequent identity verification with user cooperation). A possible solution for constant authorization without these drawbacks is to identify the keyboard user while typing. The approach we propose is based on two extracted keystrokes features: 'flight' and 'dwell'. We have tested the suggested solutions on individual group resembling a medium-sized company. The obtained results are promising.
The effect of topical nitroglycerin on transcutaneous oxygen (1991)

The use of topical nitroglycerin has been reported to aid the healing of chronic skin ulcers. In this study, the effect of 2% nitroglycerin ointment on transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) was investigated in skin adjacent to the area of ointment application. Topical nitroglycerin caused a two-fivefold decrease in TcPO2 in skin next to or up to 9 cm away from the site of application of the ointment.
Risk factors for a poor outcome after therapy for acute pyelonephritis (2006)

Four risk factors for a poor outcome after therapy for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis were identified. The strongest predictors of failure were the need for hospitalization at baseline and the presence of an organism resistant to the antimicrobial agent used for therapy. Two other factors, diabetes mellitus and a history of kidney stones, might assist clinicians at the initial evaluation to decide which patients are at risk of subsequent treatment failure.
Electrochemical aptasensor for detecting Der p2 allergen using polycarbonate-based double-generation gold nanoparticle chip (2016)

In this study, a novel aptamer-based impedimetric biosensor for detecting the group 2 allergen of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p2) was developed. First, an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane was prepared. A modified AAO barrier-layer surface with an array of nanohemispheres of 400 nm in diameter was used as a template for the nanoelectroforming of a nickel mold. After electroforming, the AAO template was etched and a nickel nanomold with a concave nanostructure array was produced. The formed nanostructured nickel nanomold was then used in the replica molding of a nanostructured polycarbonate (PC) substrate via hot embossing. Finally, a gold thin film was sputtered onto the PC substrate to form a double-generation gold nanoparticle electrode (array of nanohemispheres with smaller nanoparticles orderly distributed on each nanohemisphere). After immobilizing specifically designed aptamers on the fabricated electrode, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of Der p2. The sensitivity of the proposed scheme for the detection of the dust mite antigen Der p2 was 2.088 Ω / (ng/mL × cm2) with a dynamic detection range of 27.5–400 ng/mL and detection limit of 16.47 ng/mL. The aptamer-based impedimetric biosensor proposed in this study possesses many advantages such as high sensitivity, low cost, and high consistency over currently used sensors. The proposed sensor was found to be useful for the rapid detection of rare molecules present in an analyte.
A Service-Oriented Framework for Networked Appliances to Achieve Appliance Interoperability and Evolution in Home Network System (2006)

In the next-generation home network systems (HNS), interoperability among multi-vendor appliances is a challenging issue to implement value-added integrated services. This paper presents a service-oriented framework to enable both evolution of HNS and the appliance interoperability. The key idea is to construct the integrated services by combining the existing services deployed by the appliances. This allows to eliminate the reference model, which had been an obstacle of the evolution of the HNS.
Effect of dihydroheptaprenol on nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by swine alveolar macrophages. (1989)

[in Japanese]