gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Genome Methods (1997)

DNA Analysis Human Microsatellite Repeat Markers and Their Application to Analysis of Clonality and Allelic Loss in Tumors, E.P. Henske and D.J. Kwiatkowski Molecular Detection of Dynamic Mutations, R.F. Kooy, B.A. Oostra, and P.J. Willems Gene Targeting via Triple Helix Formation, G. Wang and P.M. Glazer Protease Footprinting Analysis of Protein-Protein and Protein-DNA Interactions, R. Hori and M. Carey Gene Expression Studying Gene Expression on Tissue Sections Using In Situ Hybridization, U. Albrecht, H.-C. Lu, J.-P. Revelli, X.-C. Xu, R. Lotan, and G. Eichele Synchronization of Cells by Elutriation: Analysis of Cell Cycle Specific Gene Expression, S.F. Dowdy, L.f. VanDyk, and G.H. Schreiber Programmed Cell Death Cell Culture Molecular Analysis of Programmed Cell Death in Mammals, R. Gururajan, J.M. Lahti, and V.J. Kidd An In Vitro Model for Human Bladder Cancer Pathogenesis Studies, T.R. Yeager, D.F. Jarrard, and C.A. Reznikoff Transgenes, Knockout Mice, and Mouse Models Transgene Analysis in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiating In Vitro, N. Faust, S. Konig, C. Bonifer, and A.E. Sippel Defining the Function of Related Genes Using Null Mutant Mice, V. Kaartinen, L. Haataja, N. Heisterkamp, and J. Groffen Genetic Analysis of Mouse Models for Rheumatoid Arthritis, R. Holmdahl et al. Genome Mapping Human Genome Mapping, A. Collins and N.E. Morton Somatic Cell Hybrid Mapping Panels: Resources for Mapping Disease Genes, J. Overhauser Gene Mapping Using Somatic Cell Hybrids, N.K. Spurr, M. Bouzyk, and D.P. Kelsell Index NTI Copy
Bare Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Carrier for the Short Cationic Peptide Lasioglossin (2021)

New drug delivery systems are a potential solution for administering drugs to reduce common side effects of traditional methods, such as in cancer therapy. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) can increase the drugs' biological activity through high binding efficiency and magnetically targeted drug delivery. Understanding the adsorption and release process of a drug to the carrier material plays a significant role in research to generate an applicable and controlled drug delivery system. This contribution focuses on the binding patterns of the peptide lasioglossin III from bee venom on bare IONs. Lasioglossin has a high antimicrobial behavior and due to its cationic properties, it has high binding potential. Considering the influence of pH, the buffer type, the particle concentration, and time, the highest drug loading of 22.7% is achieved in phosphate-buffered saline. Analysis of the desorption conditions revealed temperature and salt concentration sensitivity. The nanoparticles and peptide-ION complexes are analyzed with dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, cytotoxicity experiments performed on <i>Escherichia coli</i> show higher antimicrobial activity of bound lasioglossin than of the free peptide. Therefore, bare IONs are an interesting platform material for the development of drug-delivery carriers for cationic peptides.
Influence of CYP2D6‐dependent metabolism on the steady‐state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metoprolol and nicardipine, alone and in combination (1993)

1 The metabolism of metoprolol depends in part on the genetically determined activity of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme. In vitro studies have shown that nicardipine is a potent inhibitor of CYP2D6 activity. Since the combination of metoprolol and nicardipine is likely to be used for the treatment of hypertension, we examined the interaction between these two drugs at steady-state. 2 Fourteen healthy volunteers, seven extensive and seven poor metabolisers of dextromethorphan were studied in a double-blind, randomised cross-over four-period protocol. Subjects received nicardipine 50 mg every 12 h, metoprolol 100 mg every 12 h, a combination of both drugs and placebo during 5.5 days. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of nicardipine and metoprolol were analyzed. Beta-adrenoceptor blockade was assessed as the reduction of exercise-induced tachycardia. 3 During treatment with metoprolol, alone or in combination with nicardipine, its steady-state plasma concentrations were higher in subjects of the poor metaboliser phenotype than in extensive metabolisers. Beta-adrenoceptor blockade was also more pronounced in poor metabolisers than in extensive metabolisers of dextromethorphan during treatment with metoprolol alone or in combination with nicardipine (24.0 +/- 2.4% vs 17.1 +/- 3.5% and 24.1 +/- 2.5% vs 15.4 +/- 2.7% reduction in exercise trachycardia, respectively, P < 0.01 in each case). 4 Nicardipine produced a small increase in plasma metoprolol concentration in extensive metabolisers from 35.9 +/- 16.6 to 45.8 +/- 15.4 ng ml(-1) (P < 0.02), but had no significant effect in poor metabolisers. However, nicardipine did not alter the R/S metoprolol ratio in plasma 3 h after dosing, the plasma concentration of S-(-)-metoprolol 3 h after dosing or the beta-adrenoceptor blockade produced by metoprolol in subjects of both phenotypes. The partial metabolic clearance of metoprolol to alpha-hydroxy-metoprolol was not altered significantly in extensive metabolisers. Plasma nicardipine concentration and beta-adrenoceptor blocking effects did not differ between the phenotypes and were not influenced by metoprolol. We conclude that beta-adrenoceptor blockade during repeated dosing with metoprolol is more pronounced in poor than in extensive metaboliser subjects, that nicardipine decreases a CYP2D6-independent route of metoprolol elimination but does not increase beta-adrenoceptor blockade during repeated dosing with metoprolol.
Neuroprotection with Minocycline after Spinal Cord Injury (2009)

Neurosurgery: August 2009 - Volume 65 - Issue 2 - p 410-411 doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000358700.03703.a5
Super-resolution registration using tissue-classified distance fields (2006)

We present a method for registering the position and orientation of bones across multiple computed-tomography (CT) volumes of the same subject. The method is subvoxel accurate, can operate on multiple bones within a set of volumes, and registers bones that have features commensurate in size to the voxel dimension. First, a geometric object model is extracted from a reference volume image. We use then unsupervised tissue classification to generate from each volume to be registered a super-resolution distance field--a scalar field that specifies, at each point, the signed distance from the point to a material boundary. The distance fields and the geometric bone model are finally used to register an object through the sequence of CT images. In the case of multiobject structures, we infer a motion-directed hierarchy from the distance-field information that allows us to register objects that are not within each other's capture region. We describe a validation framework and evaluate the new technique in contrast with grey-value registration. Results on human wrist data show average accuracy improvements of 74% over grey-value registration. The method is of interest to any intrasubject, same-modality registration applications where subvoxel accuracy is desired.
Architecture of the Scalable Communications Core (2007)

The scalable communications core (SCC) is a power- and area-efficient solution for physical layer (PHY) and lower MAC processing of concurrent multiple wireless protocols. Our architecture consists of coarse-grained, heterogeneous, programmable accelerators connected via a packet-based 3-ary 2-cube network on chip (NoC). The combination of the accelerators, which were developed for key communications operations, and the NoC results in an architecture that is flexible for multiple protocols, extensible for future standards and scalable to support multiple simultaneous streams
Mechanism of T cell tolerance induction by murine hepatic Kupffer cells (2008)

Our data indicate that KCs are a tolerogenic APC population within the liver. These findings suggest that KCs may play a critical role in regulating immune reactions within the liver and contributing to liver-mediated systemic immune tolerance. (HEPATOLOGY 2008.).
Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling (2006)

Mitochondrial retrograde signaling is a pathway of communication from mitochondria to the nucleus under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The best understood of such pathways is retrograde signaling in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It involves multiple factors that sense and transmit mitochondrial signals to effect changes in nuclear gene expression; these changes lead to a reconfiguration of metabolism to accommodate cells to defects in mitochondria. Analysis of regulatory factors has provided us with a mechanistic view of regulation of retrograde signaling. Here we review advances in the yeast retrograde signaling pathway and highlight its regulatory factors and regulatory mechanisms, its physiological functions, and its connection to nutrient sensing, TOR signaling, and aging.
Plastic flow in glass (1964)

Abstract The classical brittle fracture mechanisms fail to account for the mechanical properties of glasses, but the widespread evidence of plastic flow in all glass fracture phenomena even at room temperature suggests that this flow might provide a consistent glass strength theory. This first paper discusses the evidence for flow, evaluates the flow stresses by re-interpretation of the indentation hardness figures, and shows that the flow stresses are much lower than the theoretical cohesive strengths.
CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction to Hydrocarbons on Carbon-Supported Cu Nanoparticles (2014)

© 2014 American Chemical Society. Activities of Cu nanoparticles supported on carbon black (VC), single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), and Ketjen Black (KB) toward CO2 electroreduction to hydrocarbons (CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6) are evaluated using a sealed rotating disk electrode (RDE) setup coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC). Thin films of supported Cu catalysts are deposited on RDE tips following a procedure well-established in the fuel cell community. Lead (Pb) underpotential deposition (UPD) is used to determine the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of thin films of 40 wt % Cu/VC, 20 wt % Cu/SWNT, 50 wt % Cu/KB, and commercial 20 wt % Cu/VC catalysts on glassy carbon electrodes. Faradaic efficiencies of four carbon-supported Cu catalysts toward CO2 electroreduction to hydrocarbons are compared to that of electrodeposited smooth Cu films. For all the catalysts studied, the only hydrocarbons detected by GC are CH4 and C2H4. The Cu nanoparticles are found to be more active toward C2H4 generation versus electrodeposited smooth copper films. For the supported Cu nanocatalysts, the ratio of C2H4/CH4 Faradaic efficiencies is believed to be a function of particle size, as higher ratios are observed for smaller Cu nanoparticles. This is likely due to an increase in the fraction of under-coordinated sites, such as corners, edges, and defects, as the nanoparticles become smaller.
ON OPTIMAL STOPPING PROBLEMS IN SEQUENTIAL HYPOTHESIS TESTING (1997)

After a brief survey of a variety of optimal stopping problems in sequential testing theory, we give a unified treatment of these problems by introducing a gen- eral class of loss functions and prior distributions. In the context of a one-parameter exponential family, this unified treatment leads to relatively simple sequential tests involving generalized likelihood ratio statistics or mixture likelihood ratio statistics. The latter have been used by Robbins in his development of power-one tests, whose optimality properties are also discussed in this connection. Probability theory began with efforts to calculate the odds and to develop strategies in games of chance. Optimal stopping problems arose naturally in this context, determining when one should stop playing a sequence of games to max- imize one's expected fortune. A systematic theory of optimal stopping emerged with the seminal papers of Wald and Wolfowitz (1948) and Arrow, Blackwell and Girschick (1949) on the optimality of the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT). The monographs by Chow, Robbins and Siegmund (1971), Chernoff (1972) and Shiryayev (1978) provide comprehensive treatments of optimal stopping theory, which has subsequently developed into an important branch of stochastic con- trol theory. The subject of sequential hypothesis testing has also developed far beyond its original setting of a simple null versus a simple alternative hypothesis assumed by the SPRT. Although it is not difficult to formulate optimal stopping problems associated with optimal tests of composite hypotheses, these optimal stopping problems no longer have explicit solutions that are easily interpretable as in the case of the SPRT. Moreover, numerical solutions of the optimal stop- ping problems require precise specification of prior distributions, loss functions for wrong decisions and sampling costs, which may be difficult to come up with in practice. In Sections 2 and 3 we develop an asymptotic approach to solve approximately a general class of optimal stopping problems associated with se- quential tests of composite hypotheses. The asymptotic solutions provide natural
3,4-Methano-β-Proline: A Conformationally Constrained β-Amino Acid (2009)

An enantiomerically pure, conformationally constrained β-proline derivative, 3,4-methano-β-proline, was synthesized starting with a readily available bicyclic lactone by using a straightforward synthetic route.
Chemosensitization of L-phenylalanine mustard by the thiol-modulating agent buthionine sulfoximine. (1987)

Glutathione (GSH) plays a crucial role in the protection of normal and tumor tissue against the toxic effects of numerous chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the possible therapeutic benefit of thiol depletion in cancer treatment is dependent upon the relative degree to which tumor or normal tissue is sensitized to the toxic effects of subsequent chemotherapy. To address this issue, the following studies on the chemosensitization of melphalan (L-PAM) by the thiol-depleting agent buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) were conducted in vivo in BDF mice inoculated with L-PAM-resistant murine L1210 leukemia. Different dosing regimens of BSO were found to potentiate L-PAM toxicity in a manner that depended upon the degree of GSH depletion. Multiple i.p. injections of BSO (450 mg/kg every 6 h X 5) were found to reduce GSH concentrations in most tissues by 70-80%, and to decrease the LD50 for L-PAM from 22 to 14 mg/kg. No two organs were found to behave entirely the same with respect to the rate of depletion or recovery of GSH, or to the maximum depletion that could be obtained by BSO. In this regard, the bone marrow was found to be the most resistant tissue to thiol depletion by BSO and was found to tolerate the combination of BSO and therapeutic doses of L-PAM. However, BSO pretreatment markedly inhibited the recovery of the peripheral WBC population at the LD10 dose of L-PAM. Differences also were found in the in vivo metabolism of GSH by L-PAM-sensitive and -resistant murine L1210 leukemia cells. The intracellular concentration of GSH in the resistant cell line was 1.6-fold higher than in the sensitive tumor. Moreover, GSH levels were depleted more rapidly in the resistant tumor relative to the sensitive cell line. A single injection of BSO decreased GSH concentrations in both tumors to equivalent levels (20 nmol/10(7) cells) within 24 h. However, multiple i.p. injections of BSO failed to produce a significant increase in the life-span of L-PAM-treated animals despite a 90% reduction in tumor GSH concentrations (5.5 nmol/10(7) cells). In contrast to the median day survival data, BSO was found to enhance the antitumor activity of L-PAM as determined by an in vivo/in vitro clonogenic assay or by in vivo thymidine incorporation. Using decreased thymidine incorporation as an index of antitumor activity, BSO was found to increase the therapeutic index (LD10/ED50) of L-PAM from 3.6 to 6.5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Investigation of Mode Coupling in Normal Dispersion Silicon Nitride Microresonators for Kerr Frequency Comb Generation (2014)

Kerr frequency combs generated from microresonators are the subject of intense study. Most research employs microresonators with anomalous dispersion, for which modulation instability is believed to play a key role in initiation of the comb. Comb generation in normal dispersion microresonators has also been reported but is less well understood. Here we report a detailed investigation of few-moded, normal dispersion silicon nitride microresonators, showing that mode coupling can strongly modify the local dispersion, even changing its sign. We demonstrate a link between mode coupling and initiation of comb generation by showing experimentally, for the first time to our knowledge, pinning of one of the initial comb sidebands near a mode crossing frequency. Associated with this route to comb formation, we observe direct generation of coherent, bandwidth-limited pulses at repetition rates down to 75 GHz, without the need to first pass through a chaotic state.
A Delta-Sigma ADC with Stochastic Quantization (2015)

An application of the stochastic A/D conversion to multi-bit delta-sigma modulators is considered, and a novel correction technique for D/A converter (DAC) error is proposed. The stochastic A/D conversion can reduce the area of the quantizer and allows large mismatches. The proposed calibration technique corrects DAC errors using a programmable quantizer. The programmable quantizer has a non-linear characteristic that cancels DAC errors. Using this technique, we can decrease the influence of DAC errors without using conventional dynamic element matching. This A/D converter has a non-linear quantization characteristic, so output digital code must be corrected using a programmable encoder. This code correction and setting of the quantization levels are carried out based on calibration data obtained using genetic algorithm.
A novel scoring function for discriminating hyperthermophilic and mesophilic proteins with application to predicting relative thermostability of protein mutants (2010)

We have presented a novel scoring function which can distinguish not only HP/MP ortholog pairs, but also non-homologous pairs at high accuracies. Most importantly, it can be used to accurately predict the relative stability of proteins and their mutants, as demonstrated in two blind tests. In addition, the residue substitution preference matrix assembled in this study may reflect the thermal adaptation induced substitution biases. A web server implementing the scoring function and the dataset used in this study are freely available at http://www.abl.ku.edu/thermorank/.
Friction and Wear Characteristics of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coating for Light Weight, Wear Resistant, Powertrain Component Application (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An extremely tough alumina based ceramic coating produced by a modified anodizing process developed at Moscow Aviation Institute has been evaluated for light weight, wear resistant component applications in automotive powertrain. The process details and test results from comparative evaluation of friction and wear properties for cylinder bore application, referenced to cast iron baseline, are presented and discussed.</div>
Aqueous Polyketone Latices Prepared with Water-Insoluble Palladium(II) Catalysts (2002)

Alternating copolymerization of carbon monoxide with ethylene or 1-olefins in aqueous emulsion by water-insoluble palladium(II) complexes is reported. Latices of aliphatic polyketones (1-olefin/CO copolymers and ethylene/undec-10-enoic acid/CO terpolymers), prepared by catalytic polymerization, are described for the first time. An in situ catalyst system [{R2P(CH2)3PR2}Pd(OAc)2]/ strong acid (R = Ph or (CH2)13CH3) or well-defined complexes [{Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2}PdMe(NCCH3)]+Y- (Y- = [B{3,5-(F3C)2C6H3}4]- or SbF6-) were used in the form of a solution of the palladium(II) complex in miniemulsion droplets of a hydrocarbon dispersed in the continuous aqueous phase. Catalyst activities of up to 5 × 103 TO h-1 slightly exceed those of nonaqueous polymerizations in methanol with the same catalysts. Polymer molecular weights (GPC vs PMMA standards) are typically Mw 2 × 105 (ethylene copolymers) respectively Mw 2 × 104 (1-olefin copolymers) with Mw/Mn 2−4. The 1-olefin copolymers exhibit glass transition temperatures of Tg = +10 to −55 °C, which is in the range desirable for latex applications.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Applied to Coal Liquefaction (1983)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSupercritical Fluid Extraction Applied to Coal LiquefactionExperiments explore effect of hydrogen donors, organic solvents, supercritical water, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide in coal conversionWARD WORTHYView Author Information C&EN ChicagoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1983, 61, 35, 18–19Publication Date (Print):August 29, 1983Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 29 August 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v061n035.p018Copyright © 1983 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (230 KB) SUBJECTS:Coal,Supercritical fluids Get e-Alerts
(+)-Myristinin A, a Naturally Occurring DNA Polymerase β Inhibitor and Potent DNA-Damaging Agent (2005)

The first stereoselective total synthesis of the naturally occurring flavan myristinin A has been accomplished, as well as its biochemical evaluation. This synthesis verified the structural assignment and allowed for the determination of the absolute stereochemistry. Myristinin A exhibits biochemical activity both as a potent DNA-damaging agent and DNA polymerase beta inhibitor. Relaxation of supercoiled plasmid DNA was observed at picomolar concentrations, in addition to inhibition of polymerase beta at low micromolar concentrations.
An Optimal Control Problem of Dynamic Pricing (2001)

An optimal control problem of dynamic pricing is studied. In the model, prices are chosen to sell multiple products to multiple customer classes over time. The products share a number of scarce resources. All parameters, such as the arrival rates of customers, their purchasing probabilities, their cancellation rates, and the cancellation refunds, are allowed to be time dependent. A solution method for the problem is developed, and is tested with some numerical examples. ∗Supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation under grant DMI-9875400.