gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stem-Like Ovarian Cancer Cells Can Serve as Tumor Vascular Progenitors (2009)

Neovascularization is required for solid tumor maintenance, progression, and metastasis. The most described contribution of cancer cells in tumor neovascularization is the secretion of factors, which attract various cell types to establish a microenvironment that promotes blood vessel formation. The cancer stem cell hypothesis suggests that tumors are composed of cells that may share the differentiation capacity of normal stem cells. Similar to normal stem cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the capacity to acquire different phenotypes. Thus, it is possible that CSCs have a bigger role in the process of tumor neovascularization. In this study, we show the capacity of a specific population of ovarian cancer cells with stem-like properties to give rise to xenograft tumors containing blood vessels, which are lined by human CD34+ cells. In addition, when cultured in high-density Matrigel, these cells mimic the behavior of normal endothelial cells and can form vessel-like structures in 24 hours. Microscopic analysis showed extensive branching and maturation of vessel-like structures in 7 days. Western blot and flow cytometry analysis showed that this process is accompanied by the acquisition of classic endothelial markers, CD34 and VE-cadherin. More importantly, we show that this process is vascular endothelial growth factor-independent, but IKK beta-dependent. Our findings suggest that anti-angiogenic therapies should take into consideration the inherent capacity of these cells to serve as vascular progenitors.
Some aspects of fan filtering (1967)

Abstract The classical fan filtering method can be time-consuming on the digital computer. This is because one must perform M/2 convolutions on a set of M input traces in order to obtain one output trace, where M is any convenient even integer. It is possible to manipulate the filter equations into a different form such that only one convolution per output trace is required, no matter what the value of M may be. The algorithm found in this manner can easily be programmed for a digital computer.The conventional fan filtering technique allows one to pass only those events whose apparent velocities fall within a certain fan-shaped region in the (frequency, wavenumber), or (f, k) plane. In some applications it becomes desirable to perform the complementary operation; that is, we wish to reject those events whose apparent velocities fall within this fan-shaped region in the (f, k) plane. These two operations are called fan pass and fan reject filtering, respectively. We derive the formulas allowing one to compute the operator coefficients for the fan reject filter, and generalize the algorithm obtained for the fan pass case so that it may be used for the fan reject case as well. The fan reject filter is applied to a set of traces from a vertical seismic array, where it becomes desirable to distinguish between upward and downward traveling events.
Large-Scale Synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanorods via Nonhydrolytic Sol−Gel Ester Elimination Reaction and Their Application to Photocatalytic Inactivation of <i>E. </i><i>c</i><i>oli</i> (2005)

A simple method of synthesizing a large quantity of TiO(2) nanorods was developed. A nonhydrolytic sol-gel reaction between titanium(IV) isopropoxide and oleic acid at 270 degrees C generated 3.4 nm (diameter) x 38 nm (length) sized TiO(2) nanocrystals. The transmission electron microscopic image showed that the particles have a uniform diameter distribution. X-ray diffraction and selected-area electron diffraction patterns combined with high-resolution transmission electron microscopic image showed that the TiO(2) nanorods are highly crystalline anatase crystal structure grown along the [001] direction. The diameters of the TiO(2) nanorods were controlled by adding 1-hexadecylamine to the reaction mixture as a cosurfactant. TiO(2) nanorods with average sizes of 2.7 nm x 28 nm, 2.2 nm x 32 nm, and 2.0 nm x 39 nm were obtained using 1, 5, and 10 mmol of 1-hexadecylamine, respectively. The optical absorption spectrum of the TiO(2) nanorods exhibited that the band gap of the nanorods was 3.33 eV at room temperature, which is 130 meV larger than that of bulk anatase (3.2 eV), demonstrating the quantum confinement effect. Oleic acid coordinated on the nanorod surface was removed by the reduction of the carboxyl group of oleic acid, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of the resulting naked TiO(2) nanorods was 198 m(2)/g. The naked TiO(2) nanorods exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than the P-25 photocatalyst for the photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli.
High-Performance One-Body Core/Shell Nanowire Supercapacitor Enabled by Conformal Growth of Capacitive 2D WS<sub>2</sub> Layers (2016)

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising capacitive materials for supercapacitor devices owing to their intrinsically layered structure and large surface areas. Hierarchically integrating 2D TMDs with other functional nanomaterials has recently been pursued to improve electrochemical performances; however, it often suffers from limited cyclic stabilities and capacitance losses due to the poor structural integrity at the interfaces of randomly assembled materials. Here, we report high-performance core/shell nanowire supercapacitors based on an array of one-dimensional (1D) nanowires seamlessly integrated with conformal 2D TMD layers. The 1D and 2D supercapacitor components possess "one-body" geometry with atomically sharp and structurally robust core/shell interfaces, as they were spontaneously converted from identical metal current collectors via sequential oxidation/sulfurization. These hybrid supercapacitors outperform previously developed any stand-alone 2D TMD-based supercapacitors; particularly, exhibiting an exceptional charge-discharge retention over 30,000 cycles owing to their structural robustness, suggesting great potential for unconventional energy storage technologies.
Laser Treatment for Subfoveal Neovascular Membranes in Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome: Results of a Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Published reports by the Macular Photocoagulation Study (MPS) Group<sup>1,2</sup>have documented that laser photocoagulation is helpful in reducing the risk of severe vision loss in patients with ocular histoplasmosis syndrome complicated by choroidal neovascularization that does not involve the center of the fovea. In addition, there is at least one report documenting poor visual prognosis for patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.<sup>3</sup>Accordingly, in 1988, we began to enroll patients in a pilot randomized trial to assess laser treatment for patients with ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and subfoveal choroidal neovascular lesions. <h3>Patients and Methods.</h3> —To be eligible for this trial, patients were required to have one or more atrophic lesions or "histo spots" in either eye, visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/320, and choroidal neovascularization under the center of the fovea. Eligible eyes could have previously untreated lesions (new membranes) or recurrent
Adaptation of Composite Services in Pervasive Computing Environments (2007)

Pervasive computing is characterized by an automatic adaptation of services to the users situation. To achieve this we compose services from atomic services taking ambient information into account. Due to changing availability of services because of e.g. user mobility an initial composition is not sufficient but an adaptation during runtime is also necessary. Within our architecture we manage one or more composite services. Decisions regarding their adaptation are made taking requirements from all composite services into account. This is not easy as each composite service may have different goals. In this paper, we present the results of an analysis of pervasive application scenarios. Based on the analysis we developed a two-level decision system for adaptation decisions: on the composite service level decisions are made using linear programming, on the system level using rule based control. The implementation is integrated in our existing service composition architecture.
FMD: A DoS mitigation scheme based on flow migration in software‐defined networking (2018)

Summary Software‐defined networking (SDN) emerges as the next generation of networking architecture, aiming to improve the network manageability and adaptability. However, because of the centralized control policy, SDN is liable to suffering from the denial of service attack in both the data plane and the control plane. To resist the attack and prevent the network from being paralyzed, we propose a novel mitigation scheme named flow migration defense, which uses a slave controller as a substitution to endure flooding requests mitigated from the master controller. Considering the special case that the normal requests may be regarded as the malicious ones, these requests are reforwarded back to the master controller on the basis of the round‐robin scheduling. To prevent the master controller from being flooded by the reforwarded requests, we design the adaptive rate adjustment method to adjust the reforwarding rate. Compared with multilevel feedback queue and FloodDefender, simulations demonstrate that flow migration defense can mitigate the SDN‐aimed denial of service attack efficiently with a better performance in terms of request response time, packet loss rate, and mitigation time.
Helium Separation Using Porous Graphene Membranes (2010)

Graphene has been demonstrated to be impermeable to gases but can be made selectively permeable by introduction of pores. The permeability of a recently synthesized porous graphene structure to He, Ne, and CH4 is studied using MP2/cc-pVTZ potential energy surfaces. The role of quantum and classical transmission effects as a function of temperature are investigated. At room temperature, there is a 20 and 16% increase in transmission due to quantum tunneling for 3He and 4He, respectively, over the purely classical result. The large differences in classical barrier heights for transmission through this membrane (0.523, 1.245, and 4.832 eV for He, Ne, and CH4, respectively) allow for highly selective separation. This is proposed as an economical means of separating He from the other noble gases and alkanes present in natural gas.
一个非常棒的计算机事件查询工具——出门时别忘了带上这个功能多样、节省时间、排除故障的HTA工具 (2008)

本文作者开发了一个事件日志查询工具，可以任意指定查询条件，从事件日志中搜索你希望查询的事件。并以Excel表格形式输出，是作者引以为豪的工具，可以用于日常的系统管理及排错。本文详细介绍；了编写该工具的技术细节以及该工具的使用。对于开发人员和系统管理人员都有一定的帮助。
Effect of Phloroglucinol and Resorcinol on the Clingstone Peach Polyphenol Oxidase-catalyzed Oxidation of 4-Methylcatechol (1971)

Phloroglucinol and resorcinol are not substrates for clingstone peach (Prunus persica) polyphenol oxidase, but they react with 4-methyl-o-quinone, produced either enzymatically or nonenzymatically, to give an intense red or red-brown color with a maximal absorption at about 470 nanometers. Several colored products were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the reaction by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Based on thin layer chromatographic and spectral studies of the enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions, polyphenol oxidase does not play a role in the reaction between 4-methyl-o-quinone and phloroglucinol, resorcinol, d-catechin, or orcinol. In such reactions, the function of polyphenol oxidase is the formation of 4-methyl-o-quinone which then reacts nonenzymatically with the above phenols. Activation energies of both enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions were determined.
Combined approach to the Hubble Space Telescope wave-front distortion analysis (1993)

Stellar images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope at various focus positions have been analyzed to estimate wave-front distortion. Rather than using a single algorithm, we found that better results were obtained by combining the advantages of various algorithms. For the planetary camera, the most accurate algorithms consistently gave a spherical aberration of -0.290-µm rms with a maximum deviation of 0.005 µm. Evidence was found that the spherical aberration is essentially produced by the primary mirror. The illumination in the telescope pupil plane was reconstructed and evidence was found for a slight camera misalignment.
A Different Drum (2013)

The authors in this article describe the background and development of a drama-based educational initiative for student nurses in the United Kingdom (UK) Forty-five student nurses from Adult and Mental-Health fields of study took part in a one-day experience where they worked alongside individuals with learning disabilities to produce art, dance, and drama sketches. The workshop was evaluated using a validated questionnaire to explore the experience from the students' perspectives. Students felt challenged as they were pushed beyond the comfort zone of a regular classroom environment. Moreover, a greater understanding of core concepts such as empathy, dignity, stigma, and social exclusion were identified as key outcomes of the experience. The focus for future work in this field is to explore the ways in which arts-based learning and teaching initiatives can be developed within mainstream curricula.
Design of a 50 MHz annular array using fine-grain lead titanate (2003)

An annular array with equal area elements has been fabricated and tested. The elements are made from a novel fine-grain lead titanate which was micromachined using a laser to form the kerfs. Resonance methods showed the lead titanate exhibited electromechanical properties similar to bulk materials, including a thickness coupling k/sub t/ of 0.49 and low permittivity (/spl epsiv//sub 33//sup S///spl epsiv//sub 0/=178). An average center frequency of 53 MHz with 40% bandwidth was obtained across all the elements. Crosstalk levels were below -20 dB in water. Good agreement was obtained between the measured results and a finite element model.
The effect of inhaled and oral dextromethorphan on citric acid induced cough in man. (1995)

1. Dextromethorphan is a widely used antitussive agent which is a non-narcotic codeine analogue. We have investigated whether inhaled administration of dextromethorphan provides antitussive activity in a citric acid induced cough model. 2. Twenty normal subjects underwent repeated cough challenge with 5% citric acid. Subjects were studied on six occasions. Study medication consisted of oral dextromethorphan 30 mg or oral matched placebo or 1, 3 and 30 mg inhaled dextromethorphan or matched inhaled placebo. Cough challenge was administered 10 min after study medication and hourly thereafter up to 250 min. 3. No significant differences were seen between baseline cough responses. Oral dextromethorphan (30 mg) produced a mean percentage reduction in cough of 38% (P < 0.002), which remained significant at 250 min. Inhaled dextromethorphan had no clinically significant effect although activity at later time points was not excluded. The antitussive effect of oral dextromethorphan is confirmed with prolonged inhibition of induced cough. It is possible that dextromethorphan or its active metabolites act centrally to inhibit the cough reflex.
Ethnic Identity and Career Aspiration of the Taiwanese Indigenous Students in the Era of Globalization (2012)

This study is endeavored to explore the ethnic identity perceived by elite indigenous students studying at senior high schools, to examine their career aspiration, and to investigate their involvement in traditional cultural activities. The connotations of ethnic identity, four identity statuses theory, model of ethnic identity development and ethnic minority identity were reviewed. The results provided data for analyzing how certain activities may affect the ethnic identification process. Future research might replicate the methodology of this study with a specific focus on different types of high school.
[Neurological disorders in Alzheimer's disease]. (2010)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent degenerative disease in the old age manifested itself mainly by the disturbances of cognitive functions. Motor disturbances develop in a significant number of patients as well, with the spectrum of their clinical manifestations and their impact on the level of functional disorders of patients remained less studied. The aim of the study was the evaluation of motor disorders in AD patients at different stages of the disease. Ninety patients with AD have been examined. Neurological disorders are identified in 79 (87.7%) patients including 17 (18.9%) patients with akinetic-rigid syndrome, 25 (27.8%) with primary walking disturbances and postural instability, 69 (76.6%) with pseudobulbar syndrome, 41 (45.6%) with stereotypy, 11 (12.2%) with pyramidal syndrome and 6 (6.7%) with epileptic seizures. The frequency of developing neurological disorders depended on age, duration and severity of dementia, concomitant hypertension, treatment with neuroleptics. Neurological syndromes were detected more frequently in patients with a predominance of attention and visual-spatial function disturbances.
Two-Dimensional Interfacial Colloidal Crystals (1980)

Polystyrene spheres (2450 \AA{} in diameter) are trapped in a surface energy well at water/air interface. Because of asymmetry of charge distribution, electrical dipoles are associated with each interfacial particle. The dipole-dipole repulsive interactions organize the polystyrene spheres into a two-dimensional triangular lattice. The direct microscopic observations of such an interfacial colloidal crystal are reported for the first time.
An industrial Wireless Sensor Networks framework for production monitoring (2014)

This paper presents design and implementation of a spatially distributed measurement system using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for real-time condition and performance monitoring of industrial machines in a manufacturing system setting. Main focus in this study was given to applications in small-to-medium size metalworking industry, where most of the machinery are conventional and do not support modern digital data communication technologies common for factory networking. The general procedure and the details of implementation are presented through a prototype implementation performed in a metalworking industry. A multi-platform and multi-layer sensor platform has been utilized using ZigBee-based TelosB and SunSPOT motes for enhancing the wireless communication quality in a factory environment. A distributed decision making scheme was used in order to provide real-time reliable machine utilization information.
What Happens Next? Event Prediction Using a Compositional Neural Network Model (2016)

We address the problem of automatically acquiring knowledge of event sequences from text, with the aim of providing a predictive model for use in narrative generation systems. We present a neural network model that simultaneously learns embeddings for words describing events, a function to compose the embeddings into a representation of the event, and a coherence function to predict the strength of association between two events. We introduce a new development of the narrative cloze evaluation task, better suited to a setting where rich information about events is available. We compare models that learn vector-space representations of the events denoted by verbs in chains centering on a single protagonist. We find that recent work on learning vector-space embeddings to capture word meaning can be effectively applied to this task, including simple incorporation of a verb's arguments in the representation by vector addition. These representations provide a good initialization for learning the richer, compositional model of events with a neural network, vastly outperforming a number of baselines and competitive alternatives.
The <i>a</i>-Keto Acids. (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThe a-Keto Acids.Kenneth L. WatersCite this: Chem. Rev. 1947, 41, 3, 585–598Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60130a005https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60130a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views520Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LDV optical system with multifrequency shifting for simultaneous measurement of flow velocities at several points (1980)

The conventional laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) can only furnish the instantaneous velocity at a single point in a fluid. To obtain the complete flow pattern, the measurement has to be repeated for different regions of the flow field. In the authors' laboratory new optical systems for the simultaneous measurement of flow velocity distribution have been developed (Nakatani et al. 1979). The laser beams were arranged to intersect in a line or plane in the flow region, and optical fibres connected the interfering beams at measured points to the photodetectors. By using unsteady flow in a branch tube, it was demonstrated that the velocimeter could not only be applied to obtain the flow pattern but could also be used as a flowmeter by integrating the velocities. In these systems, however, it was required to use the same number of detectors as measured points.
The Effect of External Shell Treatments on Salmonella Penetration of Chicken Eggs (1973)

The penetration patterns of salmonella organisms, pathogenic for poultry, through the outer egg structures can be markedly altered through external shell treatments before surface contamination. The influences of chemical disinfectants added to exposure cultures and applied to the shell after exposure were also evaluated using a new technique for detecting bacterial penetration through each of the outer egg structures. The shell surfaces of fresh eggs were exposed to formaldehyde fumigation, EDTA, hydrochloric acid, formalin solution, cetyl pyridinium chloride, and ethanol before salmonella contamination. Some treatments had a decided influence on established egg penetration patterns of salmonella organisms. Others had little or no effect. When disinfectant solutions in recommended concentrations were added to bacterial suspensions to which eggs were exposed, salmonella penetration was completely prevented. Using disinfectants to wash eggs after exposure to salmonella organisms, followed by 1½ hours’ incubation, did no t significantly alter the penetration pattern. This finding indicated that organisms that have penetrated under the shell were not reached.