gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Construction of Universal Function Generating Potentiometers (1950)

The design and construction of a new type of function generating potentiometer, whose output voltage may be made proportional to a wide variety of functions of the shaft rotation, is described. Voltages corresponding to the desired function values are set up at will at the taps of a linear potentiometer, which then interpolates linearly between these values. The new device combines remarkable flexibility with relatively low cost.
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting (2010)

Asymptomatic malaria infections and infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities are highly prevalent in Temotu province where malaria transmission is low. This presents a challenge for elimination since the large proportion of the parasite reservoir will not be detected by standard active and passive case detection. Therefore effective mass screening and treatment campaigns will most likely need more sensitive assays such as a field deployable molecular based assay.
Classification of birefringence in mode-locked fiber lasers using machine learning and sparse representation (2014)

It has been observed that changes in the birefringence, which are difficult or impossible to directly measure, can significantly affect mode-locking in a fiber laser. In this work we develop techniques to estimate the effective birefringence by comparing a test measurement of a given objective function against a learned library. In particular, a toroidal search algorithm is applied to the laser cavity for various birefringence values by varying the waveplate and polarizer angles at incommensurate angular frequencies, thus producing a time-series of the objective function. The resulting time series, which is converted to a spectrogram and then dimensionally reduced with a singular value decomposition, is then labelled with the corresponding effective birefringence and concatenated into a library of modes. A sparse search algorithm (L(1)-norm optimization) is then applied to a test measurement in order to classify the birefringence of the fiber laser. Simulations show that the sparse search algorithm performs very well in recognizing cavity birefringence even in the presence of noise and/or noisy measurements. Once classified, the wave plates and polarizers can be adjusted using servo-control motors to the optimal positions obtained from the toroidal search. The result is an efficient, self-tuning laser.
Optical and Physical Applications of Photocontrollable Materials: Azobenzene-Containing and Liquid Crystalline Polymers (2012)

Photocontrol of molecular alignment is an exceptionally-intelligent and useful strategy. It enables us to control optical coefficients, peripheral molecular alignments, surface relief structure, and actuation of substances by means of photoirradiation. Azobenzene-containing polymers and functionalized liquid crystalline polymers are well-known photocontrollable materials. In this paper, we introduce recent applications of these materials in the fields of mechanics, self-organized structuring, mass transport, optics, and photonics. The concepts in each application are explained based on the mechanisms of photocontrol. The interesting natures of the photocontrollable materials and the conceptual applications will stimulate novel ideas for future research and development in this field.
Used float shoe recovered and tested (1986)

A cement float valve has been recovered after it was circulated through and cemented downhole. It was retrieved by coring as part of an investigation into a cementing failure. The float equipment was then analyzed for downhole performance. This is believed to be the first instance of intact recovery of full-scale cementing hardware after it has been cemented in place. In this instance, the valve performed as designed. Flash set proved to be the probable cause of job failure. This article documents the job and includes photographs of the used float shoe and its components.
Strand-Specific RNA Synthesis Determinants in the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of Poliovirus (2004)

The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D(pol)) is highly conserved between the closely related enteroviruses poliovirus type 1 (PV1) and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). In this study, we generated PV1/CVB3 chimeric polymerase sequences in the context of full-length poliovirus transcripts to determine the role of different subdomains within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of PV1 that are required for functions critical for RNA replication in vitro and in cell culture. The substitution of CVB3 sequences in the carboxy-terminal portion (thumb subdomain) of the polymerase resulted in transcripts incapable of RNA replication. In contrast, three of the seven chimeras were capable of synthesizing RNA, albeit to reduced levels compared to that of wild-type PV1 RNA. Interestingly, one of the replication-competent chimeras (CPP) displayed an inability to generate positive strands, indicating the presence of amino-terminal sequences within the 3D polymerase and/or the 3D domain of the 3CD precursor polypeptide that are necessary for the assembly of strand-specific RNA synthesis complexes. In some constructs, the partial reestablishment of PV1 amino acid sequences in this region was capable of rescuing RNA replication in vitro and in cell culture.
Heterolytic H<sub>2</sub> Activation by Nonmetals (2007)

Nice cleavage: Two new strategies for the transition-metal-free activation of σ bonds are presented, namely, Bertrand's activation of dihydrogen by carbenes (see picture, left) and Stephan's “frustrated” Lewis acid/base pairs (right; R=Me3C6H2).
Plotting a New Course (2001)

After months of review by faculty and administrators, the School begins the millennium with a newly approved curriculum that includes intensive instruction in legal analysis and writing.
Application of SARSA learning algorithm for reactive power control in power system (2008)

This paper aims to make use of a reinforcement learning method in order to compute an approximation of the optimal control strategy for a set of reactive compensators in power system to maintain acceptable voltage profile and some elements of power system state vector within operating limits under load variations and system contingencies with the minimum usage of reactive power resources. Optimal control settings are learnt by experience and by means of reward values which indicate effectiveness of actions for satisfying state variable constraints. The SARSA learning algorithm which is an on-policy algorithm in RL concept is applied to the IEEE 39-buses New England power system. Results show that SARSA learning algorithm is able to provide optimal or near optimal control settings for power system under varying system conditions.
Transthyretin amyloidosis (1996)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: TRANSTHYRETINAMYLOIDOTISHEREDITARYNEUROPATHYCARDIOMYOPATHY
SCFL static frequency divider using InAIAs/InGaAs/InP HEMTs (1995)

38.6-GHz operation of an SCFL static binary frequency dvider is achieved using 0.1-μm-gate InAIAs/InGaAs/InP HEMTs with an InP-recess-etch stopper. This is the highest operation frequency for static frequency dividers using FETs, as far as we know. In addition, propagation delay time of an SCFL inverter estimated from a ring oscillator is 6.6 ps/gate. The tranmission delay due to interconnection lines is investigated by taking account of travelling wave effects. Delay time analysis for above circuits proves that the transmission delay is much larger than the parasitic charging delay and as much as the intrinsic gate delay in such high speed. A comparative study shows the validity of the transmission delay and LC-line approximation, and reveals the importance of shortening signal path length and matching impedance between driver circuits and interconnection lines in ultra-high-speed operation.
Induced Fusion of Fungal Protoplasts following Treatment with Polyethylene Glycol (1976)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
Rapid Detection of Carbapenemase-producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (2012)

To rapidly identify carbapenemase producers in Enterobacteriaceae, we developed the Carba NP test. The test uses isolated bacterial colonies and is based on in vitro hydrolysis of a carbapenem, imipenem. It was 100% sensitive and specific compared with molecular-based techniques. This rapid (<2 hours), inexpensive technique may be implemented in any laboratory.
Reversible Optical Sensor Strip for Oxygen (2008)

Seeing red: An optical sensor based on CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and [meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrinato]platinum(II) (PtF20TPP; λem,max=648 nm, red), achieves both colorimetric and quantitative determination of oxygen. The sensor strip is reversible in its response and can be reused.
Galactans: an overview of their most important sourcing and applications as natural polysaccharides (2011)

Since last decades, lot of biological and rheological properties of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides were described. Among them, galactans and more especially sulfated galactans from seaweeds have shown interesting and specific properties not only as texturing agents but also as biological active compounds on several organisms. This class of polysaccharides includes classical sulfated galactans extracted from seaweeds and classified as agar and carrageenans. However, some galactans are more complex and their specific structural features have been characterized after their extraction from terrestrial plants, seaweeds but also animals and microoragnisms. This review catalogues the origins, structural characteristics and potentialities of these polysaccharides and their oligosaccharides derivatives.
Phantom-based characterization of distortion on a magnetic resonance imaging simulator for radiation oncology (2016)

One of the major issues potentially limiting treatment planning with solely MR images is the possibility of geometric distortion inherent in MR images. We designed a large distortion phantom containing a 3D array of spheres and proposed a three-dimensional (3D) approach to determine the distortion of MR image volume. The approach to overcome partially filled spheres is also presented. The phantom was assembled with a 3D array of spheres filled with contrast and was scanned with a 3T MRI simulator. A 3D whole-sphere or half-sphere template is used to match the image pattern. The half-sphere template is used when the normalized cross-correlation value for the whole-sphere template is below a predetermined threshold. Procrustes method was applied to remove the shift induced by rotation and translation of the phantom. Then the distortion map was generated. Accuracy of the method was verified using CT images of a small phantom of the same design. The analysis of the small phantom showed that the method is accurate with an average offset of estimated sphere center 0.12 ± 0.04 mm. The Procrustes analysis estimated the rotation angle to be 1.95° and 0.01°, respectively, when the phantom was placed at 2° and 0° from the ceiling laser. The analysis showed that on the central plane through the magnet center, the average displacement is less than 1 mm for all radii. At distal planes, when the radius is less than 18 cm, the average displacement is less than 1 mm. However, the average displacement is over 1 mm but still less than 1.5 mm for larger radii. A large distortion phantom was assembled and analysis software was developed to characterize distortions in MRI scans. The use of two templates helps reduce the potential impact of residual air bubbles in some of the spheres.
The Chalice and Paten of William Archer (1931)

It is curious that so exceptional and beautifully preserved an object as that reproduced in Fig. 1 should have escaped the attention it deserves. This silver-gilt chalice (no. 267) is among the liturgical objects of the Museo Cristiano in the Vatican Library at Rome. In the same collection is an equally exceptional and lovely paten (no. 254) which undoubtedly belonged with it (Fig. 2). The chalice is of importance in the history of the Irish Church and of marked significance in the development of Irish and English silverwork. The inscriptions on its base, which are a partial history of its adventurous wanderings, record that it was made for William filius Elie Archer, who was a citizen of Kilkenny at the close of the fifteenth century, and that it was restored in 1761 to its “sacred uses” by the famous bishop, Richard Pococke.
Memory exploration for low power embedded systems (2003)

In embedded system design, the designer has to choose an on-chip memory configuration that is suitable for a specific application. To aid in this design choice, we present a memory exploration strategy based on three performance metrics, namely, cache size, the number of processor cycles and the energy consumption. We show how the performance is affected by cache parameters such as cache size, line size, set associativity and tiling, and the off-chip data organization. We show the importance of including energy in the performance metrics, since an increase in the cache line size, cache size, tiling and set associativity reduces the number of cycles but does not necessarily reduce the energy consumption.
Experimental results with a real-time adaptive ultrasonic imaging system for viewing through distorting media (1990)

An online adaptive phased-array ultrasonic imaging system capable of markedly improving the detectability of targets viewed through inhomogeneous media is described. An online adaptive phase correction technique implemented on a research phased-array scanner is described. The theoretical basis for this technique is presented by describing the relationship between the magnitude of phase aberrations and the regional brightness of speckle and pointlike targets. The system currently generates a corrected image in approximately 0.1 s and utilizes no prior knowledge of the aberrating media or the target. The adaptive imaging algorithm uses regional target brightness as a quality factor. The results of in vitro tests with this system using electronic and physical aberrators for both diffuse and pointlike targets are presented.
Interrelationship between the dietary regulation of fatty acid synthesis and the fatty acyl‐CoA desaturases (1977)

In this paper we present further evidence for the close control of fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Furthermore, we have established that whereas dietary palmitic acid may influence the activity of this desaturase but not of fatty acid synthetase, dietary linoleic acid appears to control both these enzymes. Finally, we have studied the influence of dietary fat and carbohydrate on the activities of the delta6 and delta5 desaturases. The former is only slightly affected by these dietary components. The delta5 desaturase activity is stimulated as the dietary fat content rises but is unaffected by dietary carbohydrate. The control of these enzymes is therefore independent of the control of fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase. From the data presented, the magnitude of the controlling effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on fatty acid synthetase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity is determined and its relevance to lipogenesis in man based on daily intake of carbohydrate and linoleic acid is discussed.
New federation (2006)

Emergency care staff have been invited to join a new group of nurses and doctors, the and doctors, the Welsh Emergency Department Federation (WEDFed).
Coactivator-Associated Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Enhances Transcriptional Activity ofthe Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat through Direct Interactionwith Tax (2006)

In this study, we demonstrate that the coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), which methylates histone H3 and other proteins such as p300/CBP, is positively involved in the regulation of Tax transactivation. First, transfection studies demonstrated that overexpression of CARM1 wild-type protein resulted in increased Tax transactivation of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR). In contrast, transfection of a catalytically inactive CARM1 methyltransferase mutant did not enhance Tax transactivation. CARM1 facilitated Tax transactivation of the CREB-dependent cellular GEM promoter. A direct physical interaction between HTLV-1 Tax and CARM1 was demonstrated using in vitro glutathione S-transferase-Tax binding assays, in vivo coimmunoprecipitation, and confocal microscopy experiments. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of the activated HTLV-1 LTR promoter showed the association of CARM1 and methylated histone H3 with the template DNA. In vitro, Tax facilitates the binding of CARM1 to the transcription complex. Together, our data provide evidence that CARM1 enhances Tax transactivation of the HTLV-1 LTR through a direct interaction between CARM1 and Tax and this binding promotes methylation of histone H3 (R2, R17, and R26).
Cyclic Thioureas (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclic ThioureasF. B. ZientyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 7, 1388–1389Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01211a509https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01211a509research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views229Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High-Power 0.87µm Channel Substrate Planar Lasers For Spaceborne Communications (1988)

High-power single mode channeled-substrate-planar AlGaAs diode lasers are being developed for reliable, high-power operation for use as sources in spaceborne optical communications systems. Most work on AlGaAs semiconductor lasers has been focused on devices with an emission wavelengths less than 8400A where both high power and reliable operation have been previously demonstrated. In spaceborne communication systems, the output wavelength is optimized at 8700A to avoid absorption of the emitted light by the atmosphere when communicating with ground-based terminals. The CSP laser structure has been optimized for operation at an emission wavelength of 8700A. Such devices have exhibited output powers in excess of 80 mW cw at an operating temperature of 80 C. Single spatial mode and substantially single longitudinal mode operation has been obtained at output powers greater than 50 mW cw and 100 mW (50% duty-cycle). The phase-front of the high-power devices has been examined and has shown rms aberrations to be≈ λ/50. Lifetesting of these devices at 50mW (50% duty-cycle) has shown reliable operation in excess of 5,000 hrs.
How to Control Artificial Anthropomorphic Systems (1973)

This paper describes, in a polemical way, the possible ways for synthesis of artificial gait, taking into account its application in the rehabilitation of severely disabled paraplegics. The essential relation between the hierarchical control concept of artificial legged locomotion systems and human beings has been treated. The method of prescribed synergy has been described in detail. This method, in the author's opinion, renders wide possibilities in solving delicate problems in the synthesis and control of artificial anthropomorphic gait. The possibility of applying the gait-logic description in the synthesis of finite automata and the possibility of driving system hybridization in the rehabilitation of persons with muscular insufficiency have also been considered.
Barley Amylose and β‐Glucan: Their Relationships to Protein, Agronomic Traits, and Environmental Factors (2007)

Amylose and β‐glucan are important components of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) grain. Factors such as seed yield, test weight, seed plumpness, protein content, field location, and seasonal variation may have an effect on β‐glucan and amylose concentrations, and therefore, require additional study. Twenty‐seven barley cultivars and advanced lines with varying levels of β‐glucan (4–9%) and amylose (6–27%) were grown in 2004 and 2005 in replicated plots at three locations in Idaho to evaluate agronomic traits and genotype × environment interactions. Seed yield, test weight, percentage of plump kernels, β‐glucan percentage, amylose/amylopectin ratio, and protein percentage were measured for seed samples from all plots. Estimates of variance components showed that about 49% of the variability in β‐glucan concentration and about 48% in amylose starch levels can be attributed to year, location, year × location, and their interactions with genotype. Amylose was found to be negatively correlated with protein and β‐glucan content but was positively, though weakly, correlated with seed yield and test weight; β‐glucan was positively correlated with protein and percentage plump kernels but showed a weak negative correlation with seed yield.
Image restoration using a multilayer perceptron with a multilevel sigmoidal function (1993)

The problem of restoring a blurred and noisy image having many gray levels, without any knowledge of the blurring function and the statistics of the additive noise, is considered. A multilevel sigmoidal function is used as the node nonlinearlity. The same number of nodes as in the case of a binary image is sufficient for an image with multiple gray levels. Restoration is achieved by exploiting the generalization capabilities of the multilayer perceptron network. For realistic images, training time becomes a major burden. To overcome this, a segmentation scheme is suggested. Simulation results are provided.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>