gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Endless frequency shifting of optical frequency comb lines (2013)

The functional principle of a novel technique for frequency shifting lines of an optical frequency comb is demonstrated. The underlying principle is to shift the carrier frequency by changing the carrier phase within the time span between subsequent pulses of a mode-locked laser used as comb generator. This universal frequency shifter does not require intrusion into the comb generator and provides high agility for arbitrary temporal frequency evolutions.
High-resolution optical probing of SAW and leaky SAW structures (2002)

A nondestructive high-resolution technique for the optical detection of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices is presented. The laser probing technique allows for the measurement of the phase and amplitude of microacoustic fields and waves of SAW components in operation. The phase velocity can be determined directly from the measurements with a relative accuracy of up to 1.5.10/sup -5/. We present new experimental results of microacoustic wave propagation phenomena including anisotropic and temperature dependent phase velocity /spl upsi/, diffraction, and attenuation and compare them to full-wave analysis computations. The minimum detectable surface displacement of less than 1 pm//spl radic/Hz allows for the detection of different acoustic modes such as Rayleigh waves and leaky SAWs.
Sulfonyl Fluorides as Intermediates in Organic Synthesis. I. The Synthesis of Aminobenzenesulfonyl Fluorides and Their Condensation with β-Ketonic Esters (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfonyl Fluorides as Intermediates in Organic Synthesis. I. The Synthesis of Aminobenzenesulfonyl Fluorides and Their Condensation with β-Ketonic EstersA. De Cat and R. Van PouckeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 12, 3426–3430Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01047a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01047a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views206Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Object Recognition and Sorting By Using a Virtual Cartesian Robot with Artificial Vision (2005)

The paper presents a system able to recognize the 26 capital letters of the Spanish alphabet. The letters are 5/spl times/3 cm black-painted objects randomly distributed in different places and orientations over a flat-surface white-painted table. We utilize a webcam device plus VFW video libraries in order to obtain the images corresponding to each letter. Thereafter, in order to be able to identify the letters, we use several digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. Once the letter-recognition phase is finished, we command a virtual Cartesian robot to reorder the letters so that any arbitrary user preselected text may be formed and read. First, the quality of the image so obtained is improved by digital processing and then we perform a pattern recognition algorithm by using a method that we call digital signature based on a quadtrees image processing method. In addition to performing the letter recognition phase, we estimate the exact position and orientation of the given letter on the table. With this information, our virtual robot can proceed to reorder the letter as prescribed by the user. In order to visualize and optimize the movements of the Cartesian robot, we developed a 3D simulator based on the GLScene OpenGL library for Delphi.
Characterization of the tryptophanase operon of Proteus vulgaris. Cloning, nucleotide sequence, amino acid homology, and in vitro synthesis of the leader peptide and regulatory analysis. (1992)

The tryptophanase (tna) operon of Proteus vulgaris was cloned and characterized and found to be organized similarly to the tna operon of Escherichia coli. Both operons contain two major structural genes, tnaA and tnaB, that encode tryptophanase and a tryptophan permease, respectively. tnaA of P. vulgaris is preceded by a transcribed leader region, encoding a 34-residue leader peptide, TnaC, that contains a single tryptophan residue. The tnaC coding region also has a boxA-like sequence. Regulatory studies performed in P. vulgaris, and with a plasmid carrying the P. vulgaris tna operon in E. coli, established that expression of the Proteus operon was induced by tryptophan and was subject to catabolite repression. Site-directed mutagenesis studies established that translation of the tnaC coding region was essential for induction. Synthesis of the P. vulgaris leader peptide was demonstrated in an in vitro coupled transcription-translation system. Interestingly, the 5 amino acid residues of the TnaC peptide surrounding the sole tryptophan residue are identical in P. vulgaris and E. coli. We conclude that the tna operon of P. vulgaris is also regulated by tryptophan-induced transcription antitermination. Homology of tryptophanase and tryptophan permease of P. vulgaris to related proteins from other species is described.
Erratum: ‘‘Calibration of atomic-force microscope tips’’ [Rev. Sci. Instrum. <b>64</b>, 1868 (1993)] (1993)

First Page
Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconducting Oxides Synthesized from Different Diffusion Couples (1991)

Thick Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O(BSCCO) layers have been synthesized by a reaction diffusion between a Sr-base oxide substrate and a Bi-base oxide coating layer. Effects of the composition of diffusion couples on superconducting properties and structures of resulting reaction layers have been studied. The most favorable diffusion couple to form a uniform 2212 layer was 2001 (Bi 2 CuO 4 ) and 0212(Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 5 ). The Pb substitution for Bi in the coating layer produced a thick 2223 layer with no crystal orientation, unlike the 2212 reaction layer which showed a strong a-axis orientation. The Li substitution for Bi significantly enhanced the reaction diffusion, and an offset T c of 83 K was obtained after a heat treatment at 800°C for 10 min. A study was also performed on the powder-diffusion process in which powders of a Sr-base oxide and a Bi-base oxide were mixed and sintered.
Magnetic properties of multilayered Fe-C film formed by dual ion beam sputtering (1987)

The magnetic properties of both single-layered and multilayered Fe-C films formed by dual ion beam sputtering are studied. When the C concentration in Fe-C films increases, the relative permeability of the film increases and the coercivity decreases. The relative permeability of single-layered Fe-9at%C film with a magnetostriction constant nearly zero, is 550 at 5 MHz, even though that of pure Fe is only 150. When a multilayered film is made by alternating 5nm thick permalloy intermediate layers with 95nm thick Fe-C films, the soft magnetic properties of the resulting film show tremendous improvement. Multilayered Fe-9at%C film shows a relative permeability of 1400 and a coercivity of 200A/m. Compressive stress up to -2 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sup> N/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> exists in this film. This stress can be relieved by heat treating the film in Ar, which improves the soft magnetic properties. The Fe-9at%C/permalloy multi-layered film annealed for 1 hour at 400°C shows a saturation magnetic flux density of 2.1T, a relative permeability of 3000 and a coercivity of 80 A/m.
Development and Preliminary Experience with an Ease of Extractability Rating System for Prescription Opioids (2006)

One important factor in the abuse potential of an opioid product is the ease with which active drug can be extracted. There are currently no standards for testing or reporting extractability. This article describes the development of an Extractability Rating System for use by the pharmaceutical industry and regulators. Despite several limitations, this effort serves as a call for standardized testing and reporting so that products can be accurately rated, and should help establish goals for drug developers who wish to develop "abuse-resistant" opioid products.
Analysis with ADAMS/ANSYS on Dynamic Properties of Rotating Hook-Lift Garbage Truck (2009)

This paper realized structural analysis of rotating hook-lift garbage truck based on ADAMS/ANSYS. Firstly, software ADAMS was used to realize dynamic simulation of working process. In order to get curves of dynamic parameters of each component simultaneously, it took external loads and equilibrium of reaction forces of each part as checking conditions. Secondly, this research took the information got from ADAMS as boundary conditions of finite element analysis, and then finished precise intensity analysis. Based on different working cases this paper designed experiments to compare the results of analysis, it showed destroyed position was just the position of maximum stress in analysis results, which proved this analysis was right, moreover this analysis supplied technique instructions to realize optimization of dynamic properties of rotating hook-lift.
Educar la impulsivitat. Prevenció de les dificultats d'aprenentatge (2013)

espanolEn los humanos, la inhibicion de la respuesta impulsiva innata es el punto de partida por el desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. El procesamiento de la informacion social y el lenguaje tienen una gran importancia en este desarrollo. Las funciones ejecutivas tienen una gran incidencia en el aprendizaje escolar. La etapa de educacion infantil es el mejor momento para estimular la autoregulacion del comportamiento. Los sistemas graduales de intervencion ordenan los objetivos educativos y proporcionan la ayuda apropiada para cada alumno. El articulo ofrece una propuesta educativa dirigida a impulsar la adquisicion de habilidades de autoregulacion y de autocontrol durante la etapa infantil. catalaEn els humans, la inhibicio de la resposta impulsiva innata es el punt de partida pel desenvolupament de les funcions executives. El processament de la informacio social i el llenguatge tenen una gran importancia en aquest desenvolupament. Les funcions executives tenen una gran incidencia en l'aprenentatge escolar. L'etapa d'educacio infantil es el millor moment per estimular la autoregulacio del comportament. Els sistemes graduals d'intervencio ordenen els objectius educatius i proporcionen l'ajuda apropiada per a cada alumne. L'article ofereix una proposta educativa dirigida a impulsar l'adquisicio d'habilitats d'autoregulacio i d'autocontrol durant l'etapa infantil. EnglishIn humans, inhibition of innate impulse response is the starting point for the development of executive functions. Social information processing and language are very important in this development. Executive functions have a great influence on school learning. Early childhood education is the best time to encourage self-regulation behavior. Gradual intervention systems organize the educational goals and provide appropriate assistance for each student. The article offers an educational approach aimed at promoting the acquisition of skills for self-regulation and self-control during early childhood.
Die Prognose von Patienten mit akutem Nierenversagen unter Berücksichtigung von Zweiterkrankungen (1970)

ZusammenfassungWenn im folgenden über die Prognose von Patienten mit akutem Nierenversagen unter Berücksichtigung von Zweiterkrankungen berichtet werden soll, so verstehen Sie bitte das Wort „Zweiterkrankungen“ aus der Sicht des dialysierenden Arztes, für den das Nierenversagen zunächst als das Primäre erscheint. Gemeint sind mit diesem Begriff diejenigen Erkrankungen, in deren Verlauf es zum akuten Nierenversagen kam und deren Symptomatik diejenige des akuten urämischen Krankheitsbildes weiterhin überlagert.
[Spectral properties of bisbenzimidazole dyes upon interaction with DNA]. (1997)

Absorption and fluorescence spectra of a series of bisbenzimidazole dyes were studied in the presence of various concentrations of DNA and in diverse media. Variations in spectral properties of the compounds under study were found to depend on the measurement conditions. The bases for selecting the optimal composition of the media for DNA detection were presented. The modes of substrate-ligand binding and the dynamics of the alterations of fluorescent properties of structurally varying dyes upon their interaction with DNA were considered.
High-Density Optical Disk Mastering Using Multilayer Coating Method (2002)

For the next-generation optical disk system using blue laser diodes, a capacity of more than 20 GB with a compact disk size is required. To realize such high-density optical disk systems, it is very important to develop a high-density mastering technique. In this report, we propose a multilayer coating (MLC) method as a new method to improve the resolution of conventional UV laser mastering. We confirm experimentally that this method is effective for resolution improvement and roughness reduction. We also show that grooves and preformat pits of the 22.5 GB digital-video-recording disk can be fabricated using a UV laser recorder with the MLC method.
Hydrogen and the Structure of the Transition Aluminas (1999)

α-Alumina results from the complete dehydration of several minerals of the form Al2O3·nH2O. The “transition” aluminas, γ-alumina, η-alumina, and δ-alumina are known to have a spinel structure but the possibility that they contain hydrogen (H) has been the subject of debate. We present a series of density-functional theory calculations which, together with available experimental data, show that the spinel aluminas exist over a range of hydrogen content captured by the empirical formula H3mAl2-mO3, with different greek-letter phases corresponding to different distributions of the Aluminum (Al) ions on the two cation sublattices. Calculations of densities and vibrational frequencies of bulk OH bonds are in excellent agreement with available data. The theory reconciles seemingly inconsistent data and reveals a remarkable property of the spinel aluminas: They are “reactive sponges” in that they can store and release water in a reactive way. This chemical activity offers a basis for understanding long-standing puzzles in the behavior of aluminas in catalytic systems.
Direct least squares fitting of ellipses (1996)

This paper presents a new efficient method for fitting ellipses to scattered data. Previous algorithms either fitted general conics or were computationally expensive. By minimizing the algebraic distance subject to the constraint 4ac-b/sup 2/=1 the new method incorporates the ellipticity constraint into the normalization factor. The new method combines several advantages: 1) it is ellipse-specific so that even bad data will always return an ellipse; 2) it can be solved naturally by a generalized eigensystem, and 3) it is extremely robust, efficient and easy to implement. We compare the proposed method to other approaches and show its robustness on several examples in which other nonellipse-specific approaches would fail or require computationally expensive iterative refinements.
Image Analysis, Classification and Change Detection in Remote Sensing (2014)

Image Analysis, Classification and Change Detection in Remote Sensing: With Algorithms for ENVI/IDL and Python, Third Edition introduces techniques used in the processing of remote sensing digital imagery. It emphasizes the development and implementation of statistically motivated, data-driven techniques. The author achieves this by tightly interwe
Amifostine (Ethyol) as modulator of hepatic and biliary toxicity from intraarterial hepatic chemoembolization: results of a phase I study. (2001)

Amifostine can be certainly administered at 300 mg/m2 as intraarterial infusion and could be a significant step to ameliorate the therapeutic ratio of intraarterial hepatic chemoembolization.
Comparison of l/sub ∞/-norm and l/sub 1/-norm optimization for multi-antenna downlink transmission (2003)

The authors consider a typical downlink scenario, where independent data streams are submitted via an M-element antenna array to K non-cooperating single antenna receivers. Assuming that meaningful channel information is available at the transmitting base station, recent results indicate that the optimal transmission strategy is to use a spatial linear pre-filter per user (also known as beamformer). The spatial diversity and processing gain that is obtained by spreading the signals in the spatial domain, may significantly improve the signal-to-interference-ratio (SIR). Assuming that a fair sharing of resources is required, the design goal should be to balance the SIR levels so as to meet certain target values /spl gamma//sub 1/.../spl gamma//sub K/.
Heart Rate Turbulence Slope Reduction in Imminent Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia and its Implications (2006)

Both mean and SD of TS are reduced before VT/VF, but only in patients who have normal baseline HRT, and are capable of manifesting reduction. This may be why previous studies could not agree on pre-arrhythmia characteristics.
Application of thermal analysis techniques to appraisal and quality control in Japan (1990)

This review deals with both inorganic- and organic-based electrical/electronic materials, including enameled wires, insulating varnishes, epoxy resins, thermoplastic resins, thermoplastic films, thermosetting resins, ferroelectric polymers, mineral-based transformer oils, zinc oxide varistors, rotating machine insulating systems, photoresists, glass-fiber-reinforced plastics, electronic ceramics, and high-T/sub c/ (critical temperature) oxide superconductors. The thermal analysis techniques considered are thermogravity, evolved gas analysis, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis, thermally stimulated current measurement, and photoinduced calorimetry. An attempt is made to clarify how successfully a particular technique can be used for developing new materials or for evaluating a specific practical application of an electrical or electronic material.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Cationic Polymerization of Open-Chain and Cyclic Enol Ethers (1996)

Abstract Several new open-chain and cyclic enol ether monomers were prepared using simple, straightforward procedures. The reactivities of these monomers were compared using both differential scanning photocalorimetry and Fourier transform real-time infrared spectroscopy. In general, these new monomers were found to possess excellent reactivity in photoinitiated cationic polymerization using a diaryliodonium salt photoinitiator.
New Television Production Techniques (1971)

In a paper entitled “Trends in Television Recording” published in this Journal last year, the importance of recorded programming in the schedules of all three U.S. commercial television networks was examined, and the nature of television programs recorded on video tape and those recorded on motion-picture film were compared. — This new paper examines video tape and film production techniques in greater detail than the earlier report to show that it is the differences in production techniques rather than differences in the recording media themselves that account for much of the present split in recorded programming between motion-picture film and video tape. This paper then describes a new electronic production system that will make it possible to produce film-type programs on video tape faster, more economically, and with higher quality than is presently possible on film.
The (unnecessarily) ugly American abroad (1999)

Travel. What a magical word. Distant lands, faraway places, exotic peoples, gastronomic delights. A chance to finally see, in person, the places we have visited via the glass eye on the world in our living rooms. However, as we stow away our carry-on baggage in the overhead compartments, we need to remember that we carry with us more than just physical baggage. Our perceptual and emotional baggage will colour what we see and how we will react.
SARS-CoV-2 Uses CD4 to Infect T Helper Lymphocytes (2020)

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the agent of a major global outbreak of respiratory tract disease known as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infects mainly lungs and may cause several immune-related complications, such as lymphocytopenia and cytokine storm, which are associated with the severity of the disease and predict mortality 1,2 . The mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in immune system dysfunction is still not fully understood. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 infects human CD4 + T helper cells, but not CD8 + T cells, and is present in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage T helper cells of severe COVID-19 patients. We demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S) directly binds to the CD4 molecule, which in turn mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 in T helper cells. This leads to impaired CD4 T cell function and may cause cell death. SARS-CoV-2-infected T helper cells express higher levels of IL-10, which is associated with viral persistence and disease severity. Thus, CD4-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection of T helper cells may contribute to a poor immune response in COVID-19 patients.
Satellite to measure ice sheet elevations (2003)

On 12 January the National Aeronautic and Space Administration successfully launched its Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. The data from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) onboard will be used to quantify ice sheet mass balance and understand how changes in Earth's atmosphere and climate affect polar ice masses and global sea level. The distribution of clouds and aerosols, as well as land topography sea ice, and vegetation cover will also be measured.
Analysis of confocal microscopy under ultrashort light-pulse illumination (1993)

The resolution of confocal laser scanning microscopes is analyzed if they are used in measurements that are to combine high spatial and high temporal resolution. A generalized Fourier-optical treatment is developed in which the system characteristics contain all necessary information regarding the optical arrangement and the illuminating light pulses. Coherent and incoherent imaging are considered in detail.