gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-10 Modulates Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Human Monocytic Cell Line THP-1 Stimulated with<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>Lipoproteins (2000)

We determined previously that lipoproteins of Borrelia burgdorferi stimulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10 [IL-10]) in monocytes. IL-10 could have an effect on innate and acquired immune responses to B. burgdorferi and influence the magnitude of the infectious inoculum and disease outcome. To understand the mechanism(s) of IL-10 action during early infection, when innate immunity expressed chiefly by skin macrophages is key, we investigated the effect of exogenous and endogenous IL-10 on the production of the macrophage-derived cytokines IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). We used the THP-1 human monocytic cell line and recombinant lipidated OspA (L-OspA) as the model target cell and stimulant, respectively. To determine the kinetics of cytokine production by THP-1 cells, we stimulated them with L-OspA and also with heat-killed B. burgdorferi cells (HBb) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exogenous IL-10 dampened production of inflammatory cytokines, as elicited by lipoproteins. The inhibition of endogenous IL-10 function by anti-IL-10 antibody reduced the production of IL-12 and IL-6 but not that of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. An inspection of the kinetics of cytokine production clarified this finding. TNF-alpha was produced prior to, and IL-beta was produced at the same time as, IL-10, whereas IL-6 and IL-12 were produced later. HBb, LPS, and L-OspA yielded similar kinetics of cytokine production. This result reinforces the notion that lipoproteins are the functional molecules in HBb and perhaps in vivo. It indicates also that signaling pathways utilized by LPS and lipoproteins may be extensively shared. The results are consistent with a major role played by IL-10 in controlling the initial phase of infection with this spirochete.
Friction Force Microscopy of Alkylphosphonic Acid and Carboxylic Acids Adsorbed on the Native Oxide of Aluminum (2006)

Monolayers of alkylphosphonic acids (APA) and alkylcarboxylic acids (ACA) on magnetron-sputtered aluminum films have been investigated by friction force microscopy (FFM), contact angle measurement, and polarization-modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Clear evidence has been provided from PM-IRRAS that friction coefficients, determined from FFM data, may be correlated directly with variations in adsorbate molecular structure. The friction coefficient increased with the length of the adsorbate molecule, but reached a limiting value when the alkyl chain of the adsorbate contained eight carbons in the case of APA or 12 carbons in the case of ACA. For a given alkyl chain length, APA monolayers yielded coefficients of friction that were similar to those of monolayers of alkylthiols of the same length, but smaller than those of ACA. These data indicate that APA monolayers are better ordered than ACA monolayers. These inferences were supported by PM-IRRAS data, which enabled the density of gauche defects to be estimated and correlated with variations in the coefficient of friction.
Three‐Level Biomimetic Rice‐Leaf Surfaces with Controllable Anisotropic Sliding (2011)

Abstract Rice leaves with anisotropic sliding properties have the ability to directionally control the movement of water microdroplets. However, the realization of artificial anisotropic sliding biosurfaces has remained challenging. It is found, by a systematic investigation, that the height of 200‐μm‐width groove arrays on rice leaves reaches up to 45 μm, far greater than the smaller microgrooves that are widely adopted for the study of anisotropic wetting. A new model based on three‐level microstructures (macro/micro/nano) is developed to interpret the anisotropic sliding behavior. Moreover, artificial rice leaves with different macrogrooves are demonstrated by combining micro/nanostructures and macrogrooves, which are prepared by photolithography, PDMS imprinting, and micro/nanostructure coating. Sliding‐angle measurement further prove that the third‐level macrogroove arrays are the determining factor for anisotropic sliding. Finally, a new testing method, curvature‐assisted droplet oscillation (CADO), is developed to quantitatively reveal the anisotropic dynamic behavior of biomimetic rice‐leaf‐like surfaces.
Synthesis of locally exhaustive test pattern generators (2002)

Optimized locally exhaustive test pattern generators based on linear sums promise a low overhead, but have an irregular structure. The paper presents a new algorithm able to compute the linear sums for real circuits up to several hundreds of inputs and outputs. The idea is to substitute a strategy of introducing fresh variables into an array of sums for the former linear independence test. This reduces the complexity of the calculation on an enormous scale. Experiments with several hundred randomly selected cone structures allow the rough estimation that the so computed generators are on average smaller than shift register based ones if the number of equal size cones is not larger than the number of inputs of the circuit under test.
Hooked on an Affect: Detroit Techno and Dystopian Digital Culture (2011)

Detroit techno is typically historicized as having grown out of the late 1970s and early 1980s middle-class, consumerist, and aspirational high school social party scene, giving the impression that Detroit techno artists created forward-thinking music as a means to acquire subcultural capital and (re)produce their identities. In this essay, this position is nuanced for a more complex understanding of techno's relation to the quotidian phenomenological encounter with the dystopian setting of Detroit. Concomitantly, predominant theorizations of affect within the humanities, which emphasize the utopian, hopeful dimensions of affect's inherent productivity, are supplemented for an understanding of productive energy revolving around affects of dystopia and on a certain hopelessness which scholars, in the years ahead, will increasingly have to negotiate.
DALLAS SCORES AGAIN. (2009)

The article focuses on the Dallas Center for the Performing Arts which opened on October 12, 2009 in Dallas, Texas. The designers of the Center's Winspear Opera House, City Performance Hall, and Wylie Theater are mentioned. The Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, the funding of the Dallas Cowboys Art Program by Jerry and Gene Jones, and art works at the Northpark Center mall are also mentioned.
A New Photoresist Materials for 157nm Lithography-3: Poly [2-hydroxy-3-pinanyl vinyl sulfonate-co-4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropyl)styrene] (2003)

A new photoresist for 157 nm lithography on the basis of poly[(2-hydroxy-3-pinanyl vinyl sulfonate)-co-4-(1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropyl)styrene] [poly(VSO3Pina73-co-HFISt27)] and triphenylsulfonium perfluoro-1-butanesulfonate (TPS-Nf) as a photoacid generator (PAG) has been developed. Poly(VSO3Pina-co-HFISt)s were prepared by free radical polymerization of VSO3Pina with HFISt. The photoresist consisting of poly(VSO3Pina73-co-HFISt27) and 4 wt% TPS-Nf showed a sensitivity of 10 mJ cm-2 and a contrast of 6, when it was exposed to 157 nm laser and developed with 0.6 wt% aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution at 25 °C. A fine positive image of 140 nm line and space patterns was printed in a film, which was exposed to 15 mJ cm-2 by a contact printed mode. The resist film showed an optical density (OD) value of 3.6 μm-1 at 157 nm wavelength.
ADA Deficiency Treatment (1989)

In the report "X-ray diffraction to 302 giga-pascals: High-pressure crystal structure of cesium iodide" by H. K. Mao et al. (3 Nov., p. 649), reference 10, to a paper by R. Reichlin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2858 (1986)], was incorrectly numbered (9) in the text (p. 649, column 3, line 1; p. 650, column 1, line 49).
Targeting LAG3/GAL-3 to overcome immunosuppression and enhance anti-tumor immune responses in multiple myeloma (2021)

Immune profiling in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), and multiple myeloma (MM) provides the framework for developing novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate decreased CD4<sup>+</sup> Th cells, increased Treg and G-type MDSC, and upregulation of immune checkpoints on effector/regulatory and CD138<sup>+</sup> cells in MM patients, compared MGUS/SMM patients or healthy individuals. Among the checkpoints profiled, LAG3 was most highly expressed on proliferating CD4<sup>+</sup> Th and CD8<sup>+</sup> Tc cells in MM patients BMMC and PBMC. Treatment with antibody targeting LAG3 significantly enhanced T cells proliferation and activities against MM. XBP1/CD138/CS1-specific CTL generated in vitro displayed anti-MM activity, which was further enhanced following anti-LAG3 treatment, within the antigen-specific memory T cells. Treg and G-type MDSC weakly express LAG3 and were minimally impacted by anti-LAG3. CD138<sup>+</sup> MM cells express GAL-3, a ligand for LAG3, and anti-GAL-3 treatment increased MM-specific responses, as observed for anti-LAG3. Finally, we demonstrate checkpoint inhibitor treatment evokes non-targeted checkpoints as a cause of resistance and propose combination therapeutic strategies to overcome this resistance. These studies identify and validate blockade of LAG3/GAL-3, alone or in combination with immune strategies including XBP1/CD138/CS1 multipeptide vaccination, to enhance anti-tumor responses and improve patient outcome in MM.
A PARTICULATE MODEL FOR PREDICTING VIBRATION-INDUCED LOADS IN BULK SOLIDS STORAGE BINS (2006)

A two-dimensional particulate model is developed to predict vibration-induced loads in bulk solids storage bins.The model assumes that bulk solids consist of equal-sized spherical particles that form a quasi-hexagonal structure. It ishypothesized that vibrational (inertial) force pushes particles in a layer to the space between particles of the adjacent layers;thus, the lateral pressure increases. Force equilibrium and transfer equations are derived for each layer and solvedconsecutively to determine lateral and vertical stresses in the bulk solids. The model predictions compare favorably withexperimental results reported in the literature for a 1.0 1.5 m (diameter height) model filled with wheat. Static pressurespredicted by the particulate model are almost identical to those by Rankines theory for bins with frictionless walls and tothose by Janssens theory for bins with frictional walls. For a typical 5 10 m corrugated steel bin for wheat, the modelpredicts that the lateral pressure increases 17% when the bin is vibrated, with an 8% increase in bulk density.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of HMG‐CoA Reductase Inhibitor NK‐104 Through Hydrosilylation‐Cross‐Coupling Reaction. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A railroad intermodal capacity model (1994)

Reports on the use of discrete event simulation to model the operations at railroad intermodal facilities. This paper discusses the approach used at Union Pacific Railroad to develop a flexible capacity planning model. It provides details on the processes modeled and on the method used to reproduce the important characteristics of the actual system.
Hyaluronan-Induced Stimulation of Corneal Wound Healing is a Pure Pharmacological Effect (2004)

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether corneal reparative activity of hyaluronan is a concentration-dependent phenomenon. Corneal blocks from rabbit eyes were cultured for 20 hours with hyaluronan in different concentrations and molecular weight ranges. In another experiment, the corneal epithelium was denuded and hyaluronan was administered as eye drops. Distances of epithelial migration increased over exposed stroma proportionally to concentration, when hyaluronan was added with a molecular weight of 800–1,400 kD. Maximum effect was observed with 0.2% hyaluronan concentration. No difference was seen when corneal blocks were cultured with hyaluronan 0.2% in different molecular weight ranges (800–1,400, 1,400–2,000, and 2,000–2,600 kD). When hyaluronan (molecular weight, 800–1,400 kD) eye drops were administered after corneal epithelial denudation in rabbits, it was found to have faster wound reparation. This effect was concentration-dependent. The 2 highest concentrations (0.2% and 0.4%) were not different for the time needed to complete wound healing. In conclusion, hyaluronan-induced stimulation of corneal wound healing fulfills standards for being considered as a pharmacological effect.
Bag-of-Words Vector Quantization Based Face Identification (2009)

This paper investigates the possibility that uses Scale-Invariance Feature Transform (SIFT) feature for face identification. However, it is impossible to employ these SIFT keys,i.e. feature vectors, for identification directly, due to the space incompatible of such SIFT keys. To this end, the Bag-of-words (Bow) vector quantization introduced from scene or text classification is conducted for unifying them. And a novel distance, Cauchy-Schwartz Inequality Distance (CSID), is performed for determining which cluster each keypoint of image belongs to after quantization, in order to compose a histogram vector as our feature. To summarize, this approach solves the problem of space incompatible and avoids a high computation that gives rises to a "dimensional curse". The experiment shows a reasonable result using SVM classifier by ORL database.
Indium catalyzed tandem hydroamination/hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes (2011)

The first direct intermolecular hydroamination/hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes catalyzed by In(OTf)(3) under one-pot conditions leading to the formation of conjugated ketimines in good yields is described.
sumrep: A Summary Statistic Framework for Immune Receptor Repertoire Comparison and Model Validation (2019)

The adaptive immune system generates an incredible diversity of antigen receptors for B and T cells to keep dangerous pathogens at bay. The DNA sequences coding for these receptors arise by a complex recombination process followed by a series of productivity-based filters, as well as affinity maturation for B cells, giving considerable diversity to the circulating pool of receptor sequences. Although these datasets hold considerable promise for medical and public health applications, the complex structure of the resulting adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing (AIRR-seq) datasets makes analysis difficult. In this paper we introduce sumrep, an R package that efficiently performs a wide variety of repertoire summaries and comparisons, and show how sumrep can be used to perform model validation. We find that summaries vary in their ability to differentiate between datasets, although many are able to distinguish between covariates such as donor, timepoint, and cell type for BCR and TCR repertoires. We show that deletion and insertion lengths resulting from V(D)J recombination tend to be more discriminative characterizations of a repertoire than summaries that describe the amino acid composition of the CDR3 region. We also find that state-of-the-art generative models excel at recapitulating gene usage and recombination statistics in a given experimental repertoire, but struggle to capture many physiochemical properties of real repertoires.
The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook, Third Edition (2000)

This extensive source of crack stress analysis information is nearly double the size of the previous edition. Along with revisions, the authors provide 150 new pages of analysis and information. This classic volume can serve as an excellent reference, as well as a text for in-house training courses in various industries and academic settings.
Inkjet Color Printing by Interference Nanostructures (2016)

Color printing technology is developing rapidly; in less than 40 years, it moved from dot matrix printers with an ink-soaked cloth ribbon to 3D printers used to make three-dimensional color objects. Nevertheless, what remained unchanged over this time is the fact that in each case, dye inks (CMYK or RGB color schemes) were exclusively used for coloring, which inevitably limits the technological possibilities and color reproduction. As a next step in printing color images and storing information, we propose the technology of producing optical nanostructures. In this paper, we report use of inkjet technology to create colored interference layers with high accuracy without the need for high-temperature fixing. This was made possible due to using titania-based colloidal ink yielding monolithic coatings with a high refractive index (2.00 ± 0.08 over the entire visible range) when naturally dried. By controlling the film thickness by using inkjet deposition, we produced images based on controlled interference and implementing color printing with one ink. The lack of dyes in the proposed method has good environmental prospects, because applied systems based on a crystalline anatase sol are nontoxic and biologically inert. The paper explains in detail the principle of producing interference images by the classical inkjet method and shows the advantages of this technique in depositing coatings with uniform thickness, which are required for large-scale interference color imaging even on unprepared polymer films. This article demonstrates the possibility of inkjet printing of nanostructures with a precision in thickness of up to 50 nm, we believe that the proposed approach will be the groundwork for developing interference color printing approach and allow to implement new methods of forming optical nano-objects by widely available techniques.
Gold nanoshell bioconjugates for molecular imaging in living cells (2005)

Advances in scattering-based optical imaging technologies offer a new approach to noninvasive point-of-care detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of cancer. Emerging photonics technologies provide a cost-effective means to image tissue in vivo with high resolution in real time. Advancing the clinical potential of these imaging strategies requires the development of optical contrast agents targeted to specific molecular signatures of disease. We describe the use of a novel class of contrast agents based on nanoshell bioconjugates for molecular imaging in living cells. Nanoshells offer significant advantages over conventional imaging probes including continuous and broad wavelength tunability, far greater scattering and absorption coefficients, increased chemical stability, and improved biocompatibility. We show that nanoshell bioconjugates can be used to effectively target and image human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a clinically relevant biomarker, in live human breast carcinoma cells.
Higher maximal serum concentration of methotrexate predicts the incidence of adverse reactions in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis patients (2007)

Weekly pulsed low-dose methotrexate (MTX) is a standard regimen for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Severe adverse reactions to MTX, such as pneumonia and cytopenia, sometimes occur; however, it is difficult to predict the development of these adverse reactions. In this article, we examine the serum concentrations of orally administered MTX of 69 Japanese patients with RA in the clinical setting. The maximum serum concentration (Cmax) after the first dose of the weekly administration and the time at which Cmax was obtained (Tmax) were analyzed. Cmax correlated with the administered dose before measurement. The average Tmax was 2.0 ± 0.8 h, and none of the patients showed a Tmax of more than 4 h. In addition, we demonstrated that the weekly MTX dosage and the mean dosage of steroids were significantly higher in patients with adverse reactions than in those without them, and the Cmax after the first dose of the weekly administration particularly correlated with the incidence of adverse reactions (P < 0.001). In fact, the cut-off point of Cmax (0.16 µmol/l) was a sensitive predictor of the adverse reactions (sensitivity 81% and specificity 67%). We concluded that Cmax after the first dose of weekly administration is a useful parameter for predicting the development of adverse reactions to MTX.
Semantic Pattern for User-Interactive Question Answering (2006)

A new semantic pattern is proposed in this paper, which can be used by users to post questions and answers in user-interactive question answering (QA) system. The necessary procedures of using semantic pattern in a QA system are also presented, which include question structure analysis, pattern matching, pattern generation, pattern classification and answer extraction. A user interface of using semantic pattern is also implemented in our QA system, which allows users to effectively post and answer questions. It gains good overall user satisfaction.
Modeled and measured instruction fetching performance for superscalar microprocessors (1998)

Instruction fetching is critical to the performance of a superscalar microprocessor. We develop a mathematical model for three different cache techniques and evaluate its performance both in theory and in simulation using the SPEC95 suite of benchmarks. In all the techniques, the fetching performance is dramatically lower than ideal expectations. To help remedy the situation, we also evaluate its performance using prefetching. Nevertheless, fetching performance is fundamentally limited by control transfers. To solve this problem, we introduce a new fetching mechanism called a dual branch target buffer. The dual branch target buffer enables fetching performance to leap beyond the limitation imposed by conventional methods and achieve a high instruction fetching rate.
Science, medicine, and the future: Healing chronic wounds (2002)

Greater interest in wound healing is needed to ensure higher standards of basic care. Precise identification of the systemic, local, and molecular factors underlying the wound healing problem in individual patients should allow better tailored treatment. Allogeneic skin grafting and bioengineered skin equivalents are being used successfully in patients with venous leg ulcers and diabetic patients with foot ulcers.
A Pattern Recognition System for Detecting Use of Mobile Phones While Driving (2014)

It is estimated that 80% of crashes and 65% of near collisions involved drivers inattentive to traffic for three seconds before the event. This paper develops an algorithm for extracting characteristics allowing the cell phones identification used during driving a vehicle. Experiments were performed on sets of images with 100 positive images (with phone) and the other 100 negative images (no phone), containing frontal images of the driver. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Polynomial kernel is the most advantageous classification system to the features provided by the algorithm, obtaining a success rate of 91.57% for the vision system. Tests done on videos show that it is possible to use the image datasets for training classifiers in real situations. Periods of 3 seconds were correctly classified at 87.43% of cases.
A Linear Relaxation Heuristic for the Generalized Assignment Problem (1992)

We examine the basis structure of the linear relaxation of the generalized assignment problem. The basis gives a surprising amount of information. This leads to a very simple heuristic that uses only generalized network optimization codes. Lower bounds can be generated by cut generation, where the violated inequalities are found directly from the relaxation basis. An improvement heuristic with the same flavor is also presented.