gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time lost circulation estimation and mitigation (2018)

Lost circulation is a challenging problem particularly in the Dammam formation of the Rumaila field, Iraq. Drilling engineers are challenged to select the optimum value for key drilling parameters such as equivalent circulation density (ECD), yield point (Yp), mud weight (MW), weight on bit (WOB), rate of penetration (ROP) and revelation per minute (RPM) to mitigate mud losses in this formation. Many of these drilling parameters are inter-related and the overall impact of changing key parameters requires extensive drilling experience or study. A multi-regression analysis was performed on mud loss event data for more than 300 wells drilled in the Dammam formation. From this analysis, a model was developed to predict the total mud losses. Mud loss was found to be significantly affected by MW, ECD, and ROP. Models for these key parameters were also developed from the multi-regression analysis. The models were confirmed with additional well data from new wells drilled in the field. The models developed in this work provides a method for setting predicted mud losses, then limiting the operational drilling parameters to mitigate such losses in the future wells in fields with similar lithology. Proactive approaches are made prior to entering the Dammam formation to prevent or mitigate the occurrence of the lost circulation. Key drilling parameters are estimated to use during drilling through this formation. In case preventive measures didn’t work, corrective actions are determined for each type of mud losses to provide effective remedies, minimize non-productive time, and reduce cost. The best lost circulation strategy to the Dammam formation is concluded and summarized depending on a comprehensive statistical work, the most important courses of the international oil companies, technical papers, textbooks, and economic evaluation to determine the successful remedies for each type of losses. These treatments are classified by relying on the mud losses classifications to avoid unwanted consequences due to inappropriate actions.
Protein Function Microarrays Based on Self‐Immobilizing and Self‐Labeling Fusion Proteins (2005)

Protein microarrays are an attractive approach for the high-throughput analysis of protein function, but their impact on proteomics has been limited by the technical difficulties associated with their generation. Here we demonstrate that fusion proteins of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) can be used for the simple and reliable generation of protein microarrays for the analysis of protein function. Important features of the approach are the selectivity of the covalent immobilization; this allows for direct immobilization of proteins out of cell extracts, and the option both to label and to immobilize AGT fusion proteins, which allows for direct screening for protein-protein interactions between different AGT fusion proteins. In addition to the identification of protein-protein interactions, AGT-based protein microarrays can be used for the characterization of small molecule-protein interactions or post-translational modifications. The potential of the approach was demonstrated by investigating the post-translational modification of acyl carrier protein (ACP) from E. coli by different phosphopantetheine transferases (PPTases), yielding insights into the role of selected ACP amino acids in the ACP-PPTase interaction.
Interfacial reaction dynamics (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInterfacial reaction dynamicsR. D. Astumian and P. B. ChockCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 16, 3477–3482Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100262a012https://doi.org/10.1021/j100262a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views196Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Genetically engineered stem rust resistance in barley using the <i>Rpg1</i> gene (2002)

The stem-rust-susceptible barley cv. Golden Promise was transformed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of immature zygotic embryos with the Rpg1 genomic clone of cv. Morex containing a 520-bp 5' promoter region, 4,919-bp gene region, and 547-bp 3' nontranscribed sequence. Representatives of 42 transgenic barley lines obtained were characterized for their seedling infection response to pathotype Pgt-MCC of the stem rust fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Golden Promise was converted from a highly susceptible cultivar into a highly resistant one by transformation with the dominant Rpg1 gene. A single copy of the gene was sufficient to confer resistance against stem rust, and progenies from several transformants segregated in a 3:1 ratio for resistancesusceptibility as expected for Mendelian inheritance. These results unequivocally demonstrate that the DNA segment isolated by map-based cloning is the functional Rpg1 gene for stem rust, resistance. One of the remarkable aspects about the transformants is that they exhibit a higher level of resistance than the original sources of Rpg1 (cvs. Chevron and Peatland). In most cases, the Golden Promise transformants exhibited a highly resistant reaction where no visible sign of infection was evident. Hypersensitive necrotic "fleck" reactions were also observed, but less frequently. With both infection types, pathogen sporulation was prevented. Southern blot and RT-PCR analysis revealed that neither Rpg1 gene copy number nor expression levels could account for the increased resistance observed in Golden Promise transformants. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that stem-rust-susceptible barley can be made resistant by transformation with the cloned Rpg1 gene.
Cipher printing telegraph systems (1926)

L. F. Morehouses This work on the development of arrangements for secretly transmitting telegrams was done during the War under the direction of Mr. Gherardi. The problem was to see if a simple and effective means that would be entirely secret could be devised for handling telegraph business. The method used should be such that an enemy could not decipher the messages even if he could capture the mechanism used, thoroughly understand its operation, and obtain contact with the line circuits.
A conserved residue in the tip proteins of CS1 and CFA/I pili of enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> that is essential for adherence (1999)

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli associated with human diarrheal disease utilize any of a limited group of serologically distinguishable pili for attachment to intestinal cells. These include CS1 and CFA/I pili. We show here that chemical modification of arginyl residues in CS1 pili abolishes CS1-mediated agglutination of bovine erythrocytes, which serves as a model system for attachment. Alanine substitution of the single arginyl residue in CooA, the major pilin, had no effect on the assembly of pili or on hemagglutination. In contrast, substitution of alanine for R181 in CooD, the minor pilin associated with the pilus tip, abolished hemagglutination, and substitution of R20 reduced hemagglutination. Neither of these substitutions affected CS1 pilus assembly. This shows that CooD is essential for CS1-mediated attachment and identifies specific residues that are involved in receptor binding but not in pilus assembly. In addition to mediating agglutination of bovine erythrocytes, CFA/I also mediates agglutination of human erythrocytes. Substitution of R181 by alanine in the CooD homolog, CfaE, abolished both of these reactions. We conclude that the same region of the pilus tip protein is involved in adherence of CS1 and CFA/I pili, although their receptor specificities differ. This suggests that the region of the pilus tip adhesin protein that includes R181 might be an appropriate target for therapeutic intervention or for a vaccine to protect against human diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli strains that have serologically different pili.
STEM/EDS Metrology and Statistical Analysis of 3D NAND Devices (2018)

Process monitoring of 3D NAND flash memory devices requires critical dimension analysis at multiple heights in the memory cell channel. In the punch and plug process the etching step of the cell channel is vulnerable to deformities especially as the aspect ratio of the channel increases. Automated STEM metrology is used as a fast and accurate method of analysis to determine the channel area, circularity, and position. EDS metrology provides the dielectric layer widths of the cell, compensating for the low contrast of these layers in standard STEM imaging. Automation of the STEM image acquisition, EDS, and metrology enabled large data sets to be acquired for analysis. The results of the analysis reveal how the channel shrinks and morphs as the depth of the channel increases.
Evaluation of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in 5- to 10-Year-Old Overweight/Obese African-American Children (2001)

Reduced insulin sensitivity and the cluster of risk factors known as the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) are already apparent in these overweight African-American children. Young African-American girls, in particular, already show evidence of hyperinsulinemia in response to a glucose load, suggesting that the early stages of metabolic decompensation that lead to type 2 diabetes are already occurring. Monitoring of those risk factors known to be part of IRS should become part of routine medical care for overweight or obese African-American children.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A inhibits venous marker expression and stimulates arterial marker expression in adult venous endothelial cells (2012)

Yang, Chenzi MD; Guo, Yuanyuan MD; Jadlowiec, Caroline C. MD; Protack, Clinton D. MD; Collins, Michael J. MD; Shu, Chang MD, PhD; Dardik, Alan MD, PhD, FACS Author Information
Standard smart batteries for consumer applications (2002)

Accurately predicting the battery state of charge requires resident intelligence that utilizes cell models of performance along with real time data (current, voltage, temperature). To facilitate the transfer of that information to devices, Duracell and Intel have jointly developed specifications for intelligent battery communication which they are proposing as industry standards. Two main specifications describe the electrical protocol (System Management Bus) and the data content (Smart Battery Data), while secondary specifications describe chargers, software and multiple battery systems. The electronic hardware necessary inside the battery to meet those specifications is anything but standard; it is expected to be an active area of competition, manufacturers will continue to emphasise differences in cell chemistry, algorithms, and innovative charge control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regulation of zinc homeostasis by inducible NO synthase-derived NO: Nuclear metallothionein translocation and intranuclear Zn<sup>2+</sup>release (2003)

Zn2+ is critical for the functional and structural integrity of cells and contributes to a number of important processes including gene expression. It has been shown that NO exogenously applied via NO donors resulting in nitrosative stress leads to cytoplasmic Zn2+ release from the zinc storing protein metallothionein (MT) and probably other proteins that complex Zn2+ via cysteine thiols. We show here that, in cytokine-activated murine aortic endothelial cells, NO derived from the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induces a transient nuclear release of Zn2+. This nuclear Zn2+ release depends on the presence of MT as shown by the lack of this effect in activated endothelial cells from MT-deficient mice and temporally correlates with nuclear MT translocation. Data also show that NO is an essential but not sufficient signal for MT-mediated Zn2+ trafficking from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. In addition, we found that, endogenously via iNOS, synthesized NO increases the constitutive mRNA expression of both MT-1 and MT-2 genes and that nitrosative stress exogenously applied via an NO donor increases constitutive MT mRNA expression via intracellular Zn2+ release. In conclusion, we here provide evidence for a signaling mechanism based on iNOS-derived NO through the regulation of intracellular Zn2+ trafficking and homeostasis.
Palladium-promoted one-step synthesis of aromatic acid anhydrides from aromatic compounds with carbon monoxide (1982)

The one-step synthesis of aromatic acid anhydrides from aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, anisole, chlorobenzene, furan, and thiophen has been carried out using carbon monoxide, 1,2-dibromoethane, and palladium acetate.
Infectious disease and climate change: a fuzzy database management system approach (1997)

Infectious diseases are reemerging globally, many of them being climate-related. The integration of remote sensing and disease outbreak data along with GIS and artificial intelligence approaches provides the tools for predicting future disease outbreaks. A fuzzy database management system (FDBMS) has been constructed for this purpose, storing disease outbreaks and a variety of parameters such as precipitation, temperature, population density, elevation and other variables. The FDBMS is able to search the database and provide disease risk assessments based upon crisp and fuzzy conditions stated about spatial, temporal, climatic and other parameters. The fuzzy search is generated either by using a graphical user interface (GUI) or a fuzzy query language (FQL). FQL is an extension to the well-known relational structural query language (SQL), and it allows the user to make complex queries. The FDBMS is able to display the locations of previous disease outbreaks on a world map in the system GUI. Currently, nine years of U.S. disease data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and from the state of Texas are stored in the database. A major expansion to global datasets is in progress, and international health agencies are asked to contribute to this effort.
De geografische spreiding van kandidaten op de Vlaamse kieslijsten (2003-2010) (2011)

status: Published
Cellular Immunity to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV‐1) Clades: Relevance to HIV‐1 Vaccine Trials in Uganda (2000)

The first prophylactic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine trial in Africa, with a clade B immunogen, is currently under way in Uganda, in a region where clades A and D are endemic. The use of a B clade vaccine is based on anticipated cross-recognition of endemic strains of HIV-1 in Uganda, but, in fact, little is known about the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in that region. Seventeen HIV-1-infected volunteers from Kampala, Uganda, were studied to determine the immune responses elicited by natural infection with local HIV-1 strains. Despite the presence of broad cross-clade recognition, the CTL responses to the infecting viral clade were highest in most people. Recognition of nonendemic clade B antigens was similar to that of the coendemic local clade, and, in some instances, cross-recognition of clade B was greater. Nevertheless, the degree of cross-clade cellular responses we observed lends justification to the use of clade B-based immunogens in the current phase 1 vaccine trial in Uganda.
Multi-stage interference canceller systems with accurate radio channel estimation under fading environment (2002)

This paper proposes multi-stage interference canceller systems (MSICS) which can estimate radio channels with precision in direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems. For accurate channel estimation, we propose a novel radio channel estimation method specified by the following two signal processing methods. One is the radio channel estimation method using both pilot and information signals. The other is the correction method of the estimated radio channels using adaptation algorithms. The results of our computer simulations indicate that the cell capacity of the proposed MSICS in a serial and parallel structure can be increased by about 1.8 and 1.3 times over that of a receiver which does not have a canceller, respectively. Moreover, the proposed MSICS in a serial and parallel structure can reduce the required E/sub b//N/sub o/ by about 1.2 dB and 1.6 dB at a BER of 10/sup -3/ compared to the E/sub b//N/sub o/ of a conventional MSICS, respectively.
The Caries Inhibitory Effects of GOS‐Sugar <i>in vitro</i> and in Rat Experiments (1988)

The caries inhibitory activity of GOS-sugar (panose- and maltose-rich sugar mixture) was examined and compared with that of sucrose, maltose, or glucose in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Streptococcus mutans MT8148R (serotype c) and Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 (g) did ferment GOS-sugar and produce acid in a similar way as with maltose and glucose. However, GOS-sugar could not be a substrate for the glucosyltransferases (GTases) of these mutans streptococci to synthesize the water-insoluble glucan. Also, it significantly inhibited not only the synthesis of water-insoluble glucan from sucrose by the crude GTases but also the sucrose-dependent adherence of these cells to a glass surface. In particular, adherence of growing cells of 6715 was markedly inhibited by the presence of GOS-sugar. GOS-sugar was found to induce significant but minimal dental caries in SPF rats infected with either MT8148R or 6715. Furthermore, the replacement of half of the dietary sucrose content with GOS-sugar resulted in a significant reduction of caries development in rats infected with strain 6715.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide: Regulator of Chronic Arterial Blood Pressure (2000)

Recent findings in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) transgenic and gene knockout mouse models uncovered a tonic vasodilatory effect of this hormone that contributes to chronic blood pressure homeostasis. With elevated salt intake, ANP-mediated antagonism of the renin-angiotensin system is essential for blood pressure constancy, suggesting that a deficiency in ANP activity may underlie the etiology of sodium-retaining disorders.
Azapsoralens: new potential photochemotherapeutic agents for psoriasis. (1991)

New bioisoters of psoralen, obtained by replacing carbon 8 of the central benzene ring with a nitrogen, were studied from the photochemical, photobiological and phototherapeutic points of view. In particular, 4,4'-, 4',5'-dimetyl, 4,4',5'-trimethyl and 3,4,4',5'-tetramethylazapsoralen were studied. The crystal and molecular structure of 4,4',5'-trimethylazapsoralen, obtained by X ray diffraction, was also reported. Like psoralen, these compounds form a molecular complex with DNA, undergoing intercalation inside the double helix of the macromolecule. When irridiated with long ultraviolet light (365 nm), the intercalated drug photoconjugates covalently to the macromolecule, forming mono- and diadducts. The photobinding rate show the following order of magnitude: 4,4',5'-trimetylazapsoralen (4,4',5'-TMAP) = 3,4,4',5'-tetramethylazapsoralen (3,4,4',5'-TMAP) greater than 4',5'-dimethylazapsoralen (4',5'-DMAP) = 4,4'-dimethylazapsoralen (4,4'-DMAP). The DNA photobinding rate of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), taken as reference compound, is similar to that of the two dimetylazapsoralens but lower than tri- and tetramethyl derivatives. The ability of azapsoralens to form cross-links in DNA is lower than that of 8-MOP. However, capacity to induce cross-links does not parallel the DNA photobinding rate; it is higher for trimethyl derivate and lower for tetramethylazapsoralen. Azapsoralens show evident antiproliferative activity. The trimethyl derivative is the most active, followed by tetrametyl, both these compounds showing activity slightly higher than that of 8-MOP. The two dimethylderivatives are less active. The mautagenic activity of azapsoralens on E. coli WP2 TM6 is lower than that of 8-MOP in the same conditions. The new compounds do not show any skin phototoxicity on guinea pig skin. On the basis of its DNA photobinding, antiproliferative activity, mutagenicity and lack of skin phototoxicity, 4,4',5'-TMAP was chosen for clinical evaluation. Clinical results obtained by topical treatment of psoriatic plaques reveal evident therapeutic effectiveness and clearing is between good and moderate, although 8-MOP, used as reference compound, is more effective.
Systems Ammonium Nitrate and CompoundsR elated to Fertilizers (1970)

硝酸アンモニウム(NN)と硫酸アンモニウム,硫酸カリウム,塩化アンモニウム,尿素,リン酸一アンモニウムの各二成分系の状態図を作成し,一部については吸湿試験も行なった。また,NNと塩化カリウム,硫酸カリウムの各二成分系およびNNとリン酸一アンモニウムとカリウム塩の三成分系について融点や生成塩類を調べた。これらの結果はNNおよびNNを含む肥料その他の諸製品の製造や性質の解明に役立つであろう。
A Versatile Light‐Switchable Nanorod Memory: Wurtzite ZnO on Perovskite SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (2013)

Abstract Integrating materials with distinct lattice symmetries and dimensions is an effective design strategy toward realizing novel devices with unprecedented functionalities, but many challenges remain in synthesis and device design. Here, a heterojunction memory made of wurtzite ZnO nanorods grown on perovskite Nb‐doped SrTiO 3 (NSTO) is reported, the electronic properties of which can be drastically reconfigured by applying a voltage and light. Despite of the distinct lattice structures of ZnO and NSTO, a consistent nature of single crystallinity is achieved in the heterojunctions via the low‐temperature solution‐based hydrothermal growth. In addition to a high and persistent photoconductivity, the ZnO/NSTO heterojunction diode can be turned into a versatile light‐switchable resistive switching memory with highly tunable ON and OFF states. The reversible modification of the effective interfacial energy barrier in the concurrent electronic and ionic processes most likely gives rise to the high susceptibility of the ZnO/NSTO heterojunction to external electric and optical stimuli. Furthermore, this facile synthesis route is promising to be generalized to other novel functional nanodevices integrating materials with diverse structures and properties.
NEW ADVANCES TOWARD A KILOVOLT X-RAY AMPLIFIER (1994)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text CHARLES K. RHODES, "NEW ADVANCES TOWARD A KILOVOLT X-RAY AMPLIFIER," Optics & Photonics News 5(9), 8-11 (1994) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article