gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards the application of proteomics in renal disease diagnosis (2005)

Proteomics is widely envisioned as playing a significant role in the translation of genomics to clinically useful applications, especially in the areas of diagnostics and prognostics. In the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease, a major priority is the identification of disease-associated biomarkers. Proteomics, with its high-throughput and unbiased approach to the analysis of variations in protein expression patterns (actual phenotypic expression of genetic variation), promises to be the most suitable platform for biomarker discovery. Combining such classic analytical techniques as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with more sophisticated techniques, such as MS, has enabled considerable progress to be made in cataloguing and quantifying proteins present in urine and various kidney tissue compartments in both normal and diseased physiological states. Despite these accomplishments, there remain a number of important challenges that will need to be addressed in order to pave the way for the universal acceptance of proteomics as a clinically relevant diagnostic tool. We discuss issues related to three such critical developmental tasks as follows: (i) completely defining the proteome in the various biological compartments (e.g. tissues, serum and urine) in both health and disease, which presents a major challenge given the dynamic range and complexity of such proteomes; (ii) achieving the routine ability to accurately and reproducibly quantify proteomic expression profiles; and (iii) developing diagnostic platforms that are readily applicable and technically feasible for use in the clinical setting that depend on the fruits of the preceding two tasks to profile multiple disease biomarkers.
Synthesizing interconnect-efficient low density parity check codes (2004)

Error correcting codes are widely used in communication and storage applications. Codec complexity has usually been measured with a software implementation in mind. A recent hardware implementation of a Low Density Parity Check code (LDPC) indicates that interconnect complexity dominates the VLSI cost. We describe a heuristic interconnect-aware synthesis algorithm which generates LDPC codes that use an order of magnitude less wiring with little or no loss of coding efficiency.
Self-referenced method for optical path difference calibration in low-coherence interferometry (2003)

A simple method for the calibration of optical path difference modulation in low-coherence interferometry is presented. Spectrally filtering a part of the detected interference signal results in a high-coherence signal that encodes the scan imperfections and permits their correction. The method is self-referenced in the sense that no secondary high-coherence light source is necessary. Using a spectrometer setup for spectral filtering allows for flexibility in both the choice of calibration wavelength and the maximum scan range. To demonstrate the method's usefulness, it is combined with a recently published digital spectral shaping technique to measure the thickness of a pellicle beam splitter with a white-light source.
Reduction Technologies for Evaporative Emissions in Zero Level Emission Vehicle (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">We have conducted technical research to achieve levels of evaporative emissions very close to zero. In the conventional fuel tank system, the internal pressure in the fuel tank and vapor lines varies between positive and negative values due to the outside temperature, rendering emission control and performance in the actual vehicle very difficult. We have developed a control system utilizing the negative pressure in the engine intake manifold to maintain a negative pressure (vacuum) in the fuel tank at all times. By always maintaining such a vacuum, the variation in internal pressure that depends on diurnal variation in ambient temperature and the rise in internal pressure that depends on engine load, have been eliminated, enabling emissions from the fuel system to be reduced significantly. This paper gives an outline of the technology mentioned above.</div>
Psicología deportiva: importancia de los aspectos psicológicos en el rendimiento deportivo (2004)

El objetivo de este articulo es destacar la importancia de las variables psicologicas en el rendimiento de los deportistas. Se reflexiona sobre la importancia que los propios deportistas conceden a los aspectos mentales para explicar sus exitos y fracasos. Ademas de la opinion de los propios atletas, se recogen las conclusiones mas importantes despues de revisar diversas investigaciones realizadas con deportistas. Finalmente, se apuntan algunas de las causas por las cuales los programas de entrenamiento psicologico todavia no estan suficientemente implantados. A partir de este analisis, en proximos articulos, se expondra en que consiste el entrenamiento psicologico y como llevarlo a la practica.
Detection of Individual Gas Molecules by Graphene Sensors (2006)

The ultimate aspiration of any detection method is to achieve such a level of sensitivity that individual quanta of a measured value can be resolved. In the case of chemical sensors, the quantum is one atom or molecule. Such resolution has so far been beyond the reach of any detection technique, including solid-state gas sensors hailed for their exceptional sensitivity. The fundamental reason limiting the resolution of such sensors is fluctuations due to thermal motion of charges and defects which lead to intrinsic noise exceeding the sought-after signal from individual molecules, usually by many orders of magnitude. Here we show that micrometre-size sensors made from graphene are capable of detecting individual events when a gas molecule attaches to or detaches from graphenes surface. The adsorbed molecules change the local carrier concentration in graphene one by one electron, which leads to step-like changes in resistance. The achieved sensitivity is due to the fact that graphene is an exceptionally low-noise material electronically, which makes it a promising candidate not only for chemical detectors but also for other applications where local probes sensitive to external charge, magnetic field or mechanical strain are required.
Electrical yield verification of half-pitch 15 nm patterns using directed self-assembly of polystyrene-<i>block</i>-poly(methyl methacrylate) (2015)

A novel half-pitch (HP) 15 nm line pattern multiplication process with simple process steps and low cost-of-ownership using a polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) lamellar block copolymer was developed to carry out process verification of directed self-assembly lithography on a 300 mm wafer for practical semiconductor device manufacturing. Electrical yield verification of HP 15 nm metal wire circuits fabricated by the HP 15 nm line pattern multiplication process was carried out on a 300 mm wafer. The electrical yield verification revealed the viability of the HP 15 nm line pattern multiplication process from the perspective of the total practical performance including critical dimension control, defect control, local placement error, line width roughness, line edge roughness, and process windows in the pattern transfer process.
Phytotoxicity of Fumonisin B<sub>1</sub>, Moniliformin, and T-2 Toxin to Corn Callus Cultures (1992)

The phytotoxicity of the Fusarium moniliforme metabolite, fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ), to corn callus cultures was determined and compared with two other Fusarium mycotoxins with known phytotoxic effects, moniliformin, and T-2 toxin. The callus was grown on modified MS medium containing either 0. 1, 1.0, 10, or 100 mg of toxin per liter. Callus growth was reduced as the concentration of FB 1 in the culture medium increased, resulting in a significant inhibition at 1.0 mg/ L (1.30 μM) and higher toxin levels (...)
Photodynamic therapy: novel third‐generation photosensitizers one step closer? (2008)

Photodynamic sensitizers are drugs activated by light of a specific wavelength and are used in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of certain diseases. Second- and third-generation photosensitizers with improved PDT properties are now under investigation. In this issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology, Leung et al. have described the synthesis and investigation of a second-generation photosensitizer (BAM-SiPc) targeted towards the cells of HepG2 and HT29 tumours. BAM-SiPc is selectively functionalized with bis-amino groups and has demonstrated potent PDT activity in a small animal model. However, it also exhibited non-selective distribution and accumulation in multiple animal (small mouse) organs and tissue. These issues highlight the importance and need for good biodistribution and localization properties for an efficacious photosensitizer. The lack of tumour specificity may have a significant impact on the potential BAM-SiPc has in clinical PDT.
High-Accuracy Hysteretic Current-Mode Regulator for Powering Microprocessors (2006)

Fast load transient response and high regulation accuracy are two strict specifications of voltage regulator module (VRM) design for powering desktop and mobile microprocessors. Although hysteretic controlled regulator is well known having the fastest load transient response, the regulation inaccuracy limits hysteretic regulator's extensive usage in VRM application. In this paper, a high-accuracy hysteretic current-mode regulator without sacrificing other performances for powering microprocessors is proposed. After delay-caused offset is identified to be the dominant source of the regulation inaccuracy, the design idea to compensate this inaccuracy and the corresponding implementation circuit are explained and verified by experimental results.
Distributed Object Tracking Using a Cluster-Based Kalman Filter in Wireless Camera Networks (2008)

Local data aggregation is an effective means to save sensor node energy and prolong the lifespan of wireless sensor networks. However, when a sensor network is used to track moving objects, the task of local data aggregation in the network presents a new set of challenges, such as the necessity to estimate, usually in real time, the constantly changing state of the target based on information acquired by the nodes at different time instants. To address these issues, we propose a distributed object tracking system which employs a cluster-based Kalman filter in a network of wireless cameras. When a target is detected, cameras that can observe the same target interact with one another to form a cluster and elect a cluster head. Local measurements of the target acquired by members of the cluster are sent to the cluster head, which then estimates the target position via Kalman filtering and periodically transmits this information to a base station. The underlying clustering protocol allows the current state and uncertainty of the target position to be easily handed off among clusters as the object is being tracked. This allows Kalman filter-based object tracking to be carried out in a distributed manner. An extended Kalman filter is necessary since measurements acquired by the cameras are related to the actual position of the target by nonlinear transformations. In addition, in order to take into consideration the time uncertainty in the measurements acquired by the different cameras, it is necessary to introduce nonlinearity in the system dynamics. Our object tracking protocol requires the transmission of significantly fewer messages than a centralized tracker that naively transmits all of the local measurements to the base station. It is also more accurate than a decentralized tracker that employs linear interpolation for local data aggregation. Besides, the protocol is able to perform real-time estimation because our implementation takes into consideration the sparsity of the matrices involved in the problem. The experimental results show that our distributed object tracking protocol is able to achieve tracking accuracy comparable to the centralized tracking method, while requiring a significantly smaller number of message transmissions in the network.
The Intracellular Interactome of Tetraspanin-enriched Microdomains Reveals Their Function as Sorting Machineries toward Exosomes (2013)

Extracellular vesicles are emerging as a potent mechanism of intercellular communication because they can systemically exchange genetic and protein material between cells. Tetraspanin molecules are commonly used as protein markers of extracellular vesicles, although their role in the unexplored mechanisms of cargo selection into exosomes has not been addressed. For that purpose, we have characterized the intracellular tetraspanin-enriched microdomain (TEM) interactome by high throughput mass spectrometry, in both human lymphoblasts and their derived exosomes, revealing a clear pattern of interaction networks. Proteins interacting with TEM receptors cytoplasmic regions presented a considerable degree of overlap, although some highly specific CD81 tetraspanin ligands, such as Rac GTPase, were detected. Quantitative proteomics showed that TEM ligands account for a great proportion of the exosome proteome and that a selective repertoire of CD81-associated molecules, including Rac, is not correctly routed to exosomes in cells from CD81-deficient animals. Our data provide evidence that insertion into TEM may be necessary for protein inclusion into the exosome structure.
Power Aware Wireless Microsensor Systems (2002)

Distributed networks of thousands of collaborating microsensors promise a maintenance-free, fault-tolerant platform for gathering rich, multi-dimensional observations of the environment. As a microsensor node must operate for years on a tiny energy source, innovative energy management techniques are needed. Widespread device deployment makes battery replacement infeasible, requiring energy to be scavenged from the environment-- e.g., conversion of ambient vibrations to electric energy. Computation and communication must be optimized for very low duty cycles, making issues such as standby leakage and start-up overhead critical. All levels of the communication hierarchy, from the physical and link layer to routing protocols, must be tuned for energy efficiency. A total-system approach is required for reliable, self-powered microsensor networks that deliver maximal system lifetime in the most challenging environments.
Förster resonance energy transfer mediated enhancement of the fluorescence lifetime of organic fluorophores to the millisecond range by coupling to Mn-doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots (2015)

Manganese-doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots have been used as energy donors in a Förster-like resonance energy transfer (FRET) process to enhance the effective lifetime of organic fluorophores. It was possible to tune the effective lifetime of the fluorophores by about six orders of magnitude from the nanosecond (ns) up to the millisecond (ms) region. Undoped and Mn-doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots functionalized with different dye molecules were selected as a model system for investigating the multiple energy transfer process and the specific interaction between Mn ions and the attached dye molecules. While the lifetime of the free dye molecules was about 5 ns, their linking to undoped CdS/ZnS quantum dots led to a long effective lifetime of about 150 ns, following a non-exponential transient. Manganese-doped core-shell quantum dots further enhanced the long-lasting decay time of the dye to several ms. This opens up a pathway to analyse different fluorophores in the time domain with equal spectral emissions. Such lifetime multiplexing would be an interesting alternative to the commonly used spectral multiplexing in fluorescence detection schemes.
Simulation and Experimental Research on Chatter Suppression Using Chaotic Spindle Speed Variation (2011)

A method for varying the spindle speed using chaotic signal to suppress chatter in machining is developed. The effects of spindle speed variation on cutting chatter control between using chaotic and sinusoidal signals were analyzed by simulation and experimental methods. Various chaotic codes are used in the chatter suppression process, and it is found that LORENZ-1 code results in the smallest machine noise.
Optimization of Production Conditions for Activated Carbons from Rice Husk by Potassium Carbonate Using Response Surface Methodology (2014)

A three-factor-three-level experiment was developed by the central composite design (CCD) and Response surface methodology to discuss the effects of concentration of K 2 CO 3 , activation temperature and time on the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon (AC) derived from the rice husk and to identify the key preparation parameters. The performance of the AC was characterized by nitrogen adsorption isotherm as Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The optimal parameters were obtained: Rice husk was soaked in K 2 CO 3 solution (2.32 mol/L) with an impregnation ratio (rice husk: K 2 CO 3 =1:3) (wt. %), activated at 1239 K for 0.48 h. The results showed that iodine adsorption capacity of the AC was 1268.52 mg/g, the error between the models predicted (1356.98 mg/g) was only 6.2%. The AC has a large apparent surface area (S BET = 1312 m 2 /g), total pore volume (0.78 cm 3 /g) and average pore diameter (11.92 Å).
Information technology and organizational effects (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Information technology and organizational effects: supporting the sales process with workflow technology Authors: Jan Ljungberg Department of Informatics, Göteborg University, Box 3147, S-400 10 Göteborg, Sweden Department of Informatics, Göteborg University, Box 3147, S-400 10 Göteborg, SwedenView Profile , Peter Holm Department of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm University, Electrum 230, S-164 40 Kista, Sweden and Swedish Institute for Systems Development, Electrum 212, S-164 40 Kista Department of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm University, Electrum 230, S-164 40 Kista, Sweden and Swedish Institute for Systems Development, Electrum 212, S-164 40 KistaView Profile , Anders Hedman Department of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm University, Electrum 230, S-164 40 Kista, Sweden Department of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm University, Electrum 230, S-164 40 Kista, SwedenView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGCPR '97: Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGCPR conference on Computer personnel researchApril 1997 Pages 171–179https://doi.org/10.1145/268820.268882Online:03 April 1997Publication History 2citation984DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads984Last 12 Months17Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Successful bone marrow transplantation against mixed lymphocyte culture barrier (1976)

Abstract If bone marrow transplantation is to become widely applicable in the treatment of patients with leukemia and aplastic anemia, the necessity to have a perfectly histocompatible donor must be overcome. In an effort to define the roles of HL-A type and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reactivity in the determination of successful engraftment and the occurrence of graftversus-host disease (GVHD), we have attempted transplantation of a child with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) using an HL-A identical, MLC-reactive sibling donor. Successful engraftment has been accomplished, as documented by the appearance of multiple donor genetic markers in the recipient. There is no evidence of severe GVHD. The recipient is alive, without evidence of leukemia, and has returned to full activities 9 mo after transplantation. The recipient now produces lymphocytes, which have the MLC reactivity that characterize the donor's lymphocytes, rather than that of her own pretransplant lymphocytes. This experience demonstrates that successful bone marrow transplantation in patients with leukemia can be accomplished in the face of MLC reactivity.
<b>Enzymatic oxidations in the biosynthesis of complex alkaloids</b> (1998)

The biosynthesis of complex alkaloids in plants involves enzymes that, due to high substrate specificity, appear to have evolved solely for a role in secondary metabolism. At least one class of these enzymes, the oxidoreductases, catalyze transformations that are in some cases difficult to chemically mimick with an equivalent stereo- or regiospecificity and yield. Oxidoreductases are frequently catalyzing reactions that result in the formation of parent ring systems, thereby determining the class of alkaloid that a plant will produce. The oxidoreductases of alkaloid formation are a potential target for the biotechnological exploitation of medicinal plants in that they could be used for biomimetic syntheses of alkaloids. Analyzing the molecular genetics of alkaloid biosynthetic oxidations is requisite to eventual commercial application of these enzymes. To this end, a wealth of knowledge has been gained on the biochemistry of select monoterpenoid indole and isoquinoline biosynthetic pathways, and in recent years this has been complemented by molecular genetic analyses. As the nucleotide sequences of the oxidases of alkaloid synthesis become known, consensus sequences specific to select classes of enzymes can be identified. These consensus sequences will potentially facilitate the direct cloning of alkaloid biosynthetic genes without the need to purify the native enzyme for partial amino acid sequence determination or for antibody production prior to cDNA isolation. The current state of our knowledge of the biochemistry and molecular genetics of oxidases involved in alkaloid biosynthesis is reviewed herein.
63 Cu NMR Studies of Copper (I) Complexes in Solution: Influence of Anion, Solvent and Temperature on the Linewidth and Chemical Shift of the Copper Resonance (1982)

Abstract The behaviour of the 63 Cu nuclear magnetic resonance signals in tetrahedrally coordinated copper(I) complexes has been investigated as a function of temperature, solvent and anion. From the strong dependence of the linewidth and the chemical shift on these parameters, exchange processes with complexes of lower symmetry are concluded.
Performance of an Adjustable Strength Permanent Magnet Quadrupole (2006)

An adjustable strength permanent magnet quadrupole suitable for use in Next Linear Collider has been built and tested. The pole length is 42cm, aperture diameter 13mm, peak pole tip strength 1.03Tesla and peak integrated gradient length (GL) is 68.7 Tesla. This paper describes measurements of strength, magnetic CL and field quality made using an air bearing rotating coil system. The magnetic CL stability during -20% strength adjustment proposed for beam based alignment was < 0.2 microns. Strength hysteresis was negligible. Thermal expansion of quadrupole and measurement parts caused a repeatable and easily compensated change in the vertical magnetic CL. Calibration procedures as well as CL measurements made over a wider tuning range of 100% to 20% in strength useful for a wide range of applications will be described. The impact of eddy currents in the steel poles on the magnetic field during strength adjustments will be reported.