gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of α-blockers in the management of prostate cancer (2004)

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in men in the US. Patients with prostate cancer are initially treated with surgical resection, radiation or antiandrogen therapy. After an initial remission, however, the majority of prostate tumours evolve into a highly aggressive, metastatic androgen-independent state, for which successful therapy has not yet been established. During the past few years, new perspectives have emerged towards the development of preventive and therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer. Quinazoline-based alpha(1)-blockers have been shown to have antitumour efficacy against prostate cancer cells in inducing apoptosis and anoikis via an alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-independent mechanism. Specifically, doxazosin and terazosin can induce apoptosis, inhibit invasion and migration of prostate cancer and endothelial cells, and reduce their adhesion potential to extracellular matrix components, thus enhancing their susceptibility to anoikis. This review discusses recent evidence suggesting the apoptotic efficacy of quinazoline-based alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists, doxazosin and terazosin and speculates on the therapeutic promise of these drugs as novel antitumour agents against prostate cancer. From a drug discovery perspective, separation of the effect of doxazosin on apoptosis in prostate cancer cells from its original pharmacological activity in normal prostate cells, will provide a molecular basis in developing a novel class of apoptosis-inducing agents through lead optimisation.
The differences in the T<sub>2</sub>relaxation rates of the protons in the partially-deuteriated and fully protonated sugar residues in a large oligo-DNA (‘NMR-window’) gives complementary structural information (1994)

Selective incorporation of the stereospecifically deuteriated sugar moieties (> 97 atom % 2H enhancements at H2', H2'', H3' and H5'/5'' sites, approximately 85 atom % 2H enhancement at H4' and approximately 20 atom % 2H enhancement at H1') in DNA and RNA by the 'NMR-window' approach has been shown to solve the problem of the resonance overlap [refs. 1, 2 & 3]. Such specific deuterium labelling gives much improved resolution and sensitivity of the residual sugar proton (i.e. H1' or H4') vicinal to the deuteriated centers (ref. 3). The T2 relaxation time of the residual protons also increases considerably in the partially-deuteriated (shown by underline) sugar residues in dinucleotides [d(CpG), d(GpC), d(ApT), d(TpA)], trinucleotide r(A2'p5'A2'p5'A) and 20-mer DNA duplex 5'd(C1G2C3-G4C5G6C7G8A9A10T11T12C13G14C15G16C17G18C19G20)(2) 3'. The protons with shorter T2 can be filtered away using a number of different NMR experiments such as ROESY, MINSY or HAL. The NOE intensity of the cross-peaks in these experiments includes only straight pathway from H1' to aromatic proton (i-i and i-i + 1) without any spin-diffusion. The volumes of these NOE cross-peaks could be measured with high accuracy as their intensity is 3 to 4 times larger than the corresponding peaks in the fully protonated residues in the normal NOESY spectra. The structural informations thus obtainable from the residual protons in the partially-deuteriated part of the duplex and the fully protonated part in the 'NMR window' can indeed complement each other.
Standard cell development flow (2002)

Describes the new standard-cell development flow, being used at Philips Components Nijmegen. The new flow will integrate all aspects of developing a standard-cell library into one program, resulting in a dramatic decrease in development effort and providing the user with a quick release of an errorfree library. Quality is maintained by virtue of a built-in quality control tool. A stick-editor will reduce layout efforts to a few minutes per cell.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Determination of triiodothyronine concentration in human serum (1969)

A simplified method has been described for the measurement of triiodothyronine (T3) in human serum. The sensitivity was sufficient for determinations on hypothyroid as well as normal and thyrotoxic sera. The values obtained have been in reasonable agreement with a double isotope derivative assay. The normal T3 concentration in human serum approximates 0.2 mug/100 ml; the mean +/-SD of 31 normal sera was 220 +/-27 ng/100 ml. Elevations were observed in sera from 40 patients with thyrotoxicosis (752 +/-282 ng/100 ml), and diminutions were found in sera from 10 hypothyroid patients (98+/-48 ng/100 ml). In rare instances thyrotoxicosis may be due to elevated serum T3 with normal thyroxine (T4) concentration. The incidence of this condition remains to be determined. In approximately half the cases with low serum T4 after (131)I therapy, the eumetabolic state may be maintained by normal or elevated T3 concentration. From these data and kinetic studies indicating a rapid turnover it may be inferred that T3 rather than T4 may be the more important hormone in health and in disease.
Declarative Ajax Web Applications through SQL++ on a Unified Application State (2013)

Implementing even a conceptually simple web application requires an inordinate amount of time. FORWARD addresses three problems that reduce developer productivity: (a) Impedance mismatch across the multiple languages used at different tiers of the application architecture. (b) Distributed data access across the multiple data sources of the application (SQL database, user input of the browser page, session data in the application server, etc). (c) Asynchronous, incremental modification of the pages, as performed by Ajax actions. FORWARD belongs to a novel family of web application frameworks that attack impedance mismatch by offering a single unifying language. FORWARD's language is SQL++, a minimally extended SQL. FORWARD's architecture is based on two novel cornerstones: (a) A Unified Application State (UAS), which is a virtual database over the multiple data sources. The UAS is accessed via distributed SQL++ queries, therefore resolving the distributed data access problem. (b) Declarative page specifications, which treat the data displayed by pages as rendered SQL++ page queries. The resulting pages are automatically incrementally modified by FORWARD. User input on the page becomes part of the UAS. We show that SQL++ captures the semi-structured nature of web pages and subsumes the data models of two important data sources of the UAS: SQL databases and JavaScript components. We show that simple markup is sufficient for creating Ajax displays and for modeling user input on the page as UAS data sources. Finally, we discuss the page specification syntax and semantics that are needed in order to avoid race conditions and conflicts between the user input and the automated Ajax page modifications. FORWARD has been used in the development of eight commercial and academic applications. An alpha-release web-based IDE (itself built in FORWARD) enables development in the cloud.
On the expected complexity of random path planning (2002)

This paper gives an account of the convergence property of potential field based path planning algorithms that use random motions to escape local minima. Their probabilistic convergence is proved and we provide a finite estimate of the convergence time. The proof is based on the study of Markov chains and diffusion processes.
Vehicular Networks (2009)

Critical, Cutting-Edge Insight to Speed Deployment of Vehicular NetworksAs Vehicular Networks technology enters a critical phase in its evolution, academic institutions, industry, and governments worldwide are investing significant resources into large-scale deployment of such networks in order to leverage its benefits to communication, road safety, and improved traffic flow. Despite the current proliferation of conferences to address the technical, policy, and economic challenges associated with this exciting new technology, notably absent is a self-contained book that integrates and covers these topics in sufficient detail.Vehicular Networks: Techniques, Standards and Applications examines the latest advances in the evolution of vehicular networks, presenting invaluable state-of-the-art ideas and solutions for professionals and academics at work on numerous international development and deployment projects. A versatile text, it cross-references all key aspects, including medium access, scheduling, mobility, services, market introduction, and standard specifications. This informative guide:Describes the roles of networks operators, car manufacturers, service providers, and governmental authorities in development of vehicular technologyIllustrates the benefits and real-life applications of vehicular networksAnalyzes possible business models for network deploymentExamines potential services and possible deployment architecturesExplores the technical challenges of deployment, including use of MAC protocols, routing, data dissemination, dynamic IP autoconfiguration, mobility management, security, and driver/passenger privacy Illustrative Figures to Clarify Both Basic and Advanced ConceptsUsing simplified language, this book elucidates the distinct behavior and characteristics that distinguish vehicular networks from other types of mobile networks. It is an invaluable resource for those working with or studying vehicular networks and other wireless or mobile communications systems.
Expression of Recombinant Mature Human Tyrosinase from <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Exhibition of Its Activity without Phosphorylation or Glycosylation (2012)

A cDNA encoding mature human tyrosinase was cloned into pET-23a(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). Three major recombinant proteins, mature human tyrosinase (RHT₂₀₋₅₃₁), N-terminal truncated human tyrosinase (RHT₁₆₈₋₅₃₁), and β-lactamase, were overexpressed as inclusion bodies in E. coli after 12 h of induction with 1.0 mM isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside at 37 °C. After sonication and centrifugation, the inclusion body was harvested, solubilized, dialyzed, and refolded into the active form with monophenolase and diphenolase activities. It was purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Sepharose FF and Sephadex G-75. The molecular mass and N-terminal sequence were 57.0 kDa and GHFPRAC, respectively, and corresponded to those of mature human tyrosinase. The RHT was active in a broad range of temperature and pH, and with optimum activity at 70 °C and pH 8.5.
<i>espressoMaths</i> : a drop-by station (2011)

The aim of this short report is to discuss some issues associated with the establishment of, the running of, and the development of a Mathematics and Statistics support drop-by station in a large, distributed campus university environment. The discussion is rooted in our experiences of setting up and of developing espressoMaths at the University of the West of England, Bristol. The main thrust of this contribution is connected with practical rather than with theoretical aspects, although we do touch on some pedagogical issues associated with the interaction between drop-by stations and the dynamics of mainstream teaching and learning.
Gel-pressure technique for flapless transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation: a preliminary cadaveric study of a new surgical technique. (2010)

The gel-pressure technique may provide a new option for minimally invasive transcrestal sinus surgery and may represent a safe method to increase bone volume in the atrophic posterior maxilla.
A simplified moving magnet galvanometer with a high figure of merit (1926)

A new moving magnet galvanometer of the Thomson type, having a figure of merit up to 35,000 and considerable stability of zero, is described. Its simple design and its small size have not only greatly increased the utility of the instrument, but considerably lowered the cost of its manufacture.
The Utilization of Nitriles and Amides by Nocardia rhodochrous (1983)

Nocardia rhodochrous LL100-21 grew on acetonitrile, acetamide, a range of aliphatic nitriles and amides, benzonitrile and benzamide as the sources of carbon and/or nitrogen. It also grew on acetate, several other aliphatic acids, and benzoate as carbon sources. Growth on either acetonitrile or acetamide resulted in induction of both acetonitrilase and acetamidase activities, which were shown to be due to separate enzymes. Growth on benzonitrile resulted in the ability to release ammonia from benzonitrile but not benzamide, acetonitrile or acetamide. Growth on benzamide resulted in the ability to form ammonia from benzamide but not benzonitrile, acetonitrile or acetamide. Measurements of respiratory activity of the bacteria grown on the various substrates showed a similar pattern of induction of oxidative activity for these compounds.
Extending string similarity join to tolerant fuzzy token matching (2014)

String similarity join that finds similar string pairs between two string sets is an essential operation in many applications and has attracted significant attention recently in the database community. A significant challenge in similarity join is to implement an effective fuzzy match operation to find all similar string pairs which may not match exactly. In this article, we propose a new similarity function, called fuzzy-token-matching-based similarity which extends token-based similarity functions (e.g., jaccard similarity and cosine similarity) by allowing fuzzy match between two tokens. We study the problem of similarity join using this new similarity function and present a signature-based method to address this problem. We propose new signature schemes and develop effective pruning techniques to improve the performance. We also extend our techniques to support weighted tokens. Experimental results show that our method achieves high efficiency and result quality and significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
Numerical modeling for the localization and the assessment of electromagnetic field sources (2003)

In this work, we present a possible approach to electromagnetic source localization using a hybrid blind separation-minimum search inversion algorithm. The total electrical field versus time, emitted by the working antennas located at different and unknown geographical positions, is used, via a suitable blind signal processing technique based on neural networks, to reconstruct each separate contribute. When the emitted electric signals have been separated for each emitting antenna, the unknown locations of the antennas are determined with a minimum-search numerical technique.
Screening for asymptomatic chlamydia in women – how often would gonorrhoea be missed? (2009)

Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) to azithromycin is increasing. The dose of azithromycin used for treating uncomplicated genital chlamydia may be subtherapeutic for GC and contribute to gonococcal resistance. The National Chlamydia Screening Programme (NCSP) does not routinely screen for GC but advises further testing of clients with symptoms. This will miss asymptomatic cases. We conducted a case-note review of 100 women aged 16-24 years diagnosed with chlamydia and women aged 16-24 years co-infected with GC and chlamydia, who attended a London genitourinary clinic from 1 October 2004 to 30 September 2005. There were 559 chlamydia diagnoses; 38 (7%) were co-infected with GC. Those co-infected were younger: mean age 18.9 versus 20.3 (P = 0.005). They were also more likely to have symptoms: 28/38 (74%) versus 50/94 (53%) (P = 0.03). Two of 10 women with asymptomatic GC were contacts; meaning that eight cases of asymptomatic GC would have received subtherapeutic treatment. In conclusion, additional testing for GC should be considered in local NCSP protocols where there is a high prevalence of both infections.
Probing the Limits of PON Monitoring Using Periodic Coding Technology (2011)

We probe the limits, both experimentally and analytically, of passive optical network (PON) monitoring using periodic coding technology. The experimental demonstration focuses on a 16 customer PON with a 20 km feeder fiber followed by either a single cluster or a tiered hierarchy. A directly modulated laser modulated at 1 GHz was used to generate the monitoring probe signals. The measured data from the experimental setup was fed to a reduced complexity maximum likelihood sequence estimation (RC-MLSE) algorithm to detect and localize the customers. Three different PON deployments were tested. We demonstrate improved monitoring robustness when using a variable threshold for networks with a tiered geographic distribution. While only a 16 customer PON was tested, our experimental setup had 18 dB margin in the total loss budget corresponding to splitting losses for 64 customers. We investigate analytically the total permissible loss budget of the monitoring system operating in the 1650 nm waveband as a function of receiver specifications. We examine the effect of resolution in the analog-to-digital conversion on the correlation peaks that form sufficient statistics for the RC-MLSE algorithm. Resolution affects both the RC-MLSE algorithm and the use of signal averaging to improve signal-to-noise ratio. We find that the monitoring system is able to monitor current PON standards with inexpensive, commercially available electronics.
The Polymerization of Acetylenes by Nickel-Carbonyl-Phosphine Complexes. I. Scope of the Reaction<sup>1a</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Polymerization of Acetylenes by Nickel-Carbonyl-Phosphine Complexes. I. Scope of the Reaction1aL. S. MERIWETHER, E. C. COLTHUP, G. W. KENNERLY, and R. N. REUSCHCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 12, 5155–5163Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01070a091https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01070a091research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views530Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Survivorship Analysis for Clinical Studies. (1992)

Written for clinicians and biostatisticians, describes nonparametric and quasiparametric (regression) methods of analyzing survivorship data in clinical studies, emphasizing the interpretation and reasoning behind the methods. Explains the established methods for summarizing the results of the major
Effect of node distributions on lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (2010)

Wireless Sensor Networks has recently become an attractive research topic due to the rapidly growing field of applications. This paper focuses on prolonging network lifetime by investigating different node deployments including both geometric and uniform. Geometric distributions resulted in a 35.6% increase in lifetime as opposed to random distributions. Furthermore, different sink locations were examined. The optimum sink location introduced a considerable lifetime elongation compared to the previously used location.
Unidirectional Solidification Structure of Al&ndash;In Monotectic Alloys (1984)

Monotectic Al-17.5 mass%In alloys were solidified unidirectionally at various growth rates from 2.8×10−7 to 1.11×10−2 m/s and temperature gradients from 500 to 8500 K/m. When a temperature gradient is constant, the microstructure changes in the sequence with increasing growth rates; fibrous composite structure→periodical and regular array of L2(In) droplets→random dispersion of L2 droplets in the aluminum matrix. The critical growth rate to form regular composite structures increases, as the temperature gradient increases. The monotectic composite structure, i.e., the regular arrangement of L2 fibers or L2 droplets in the aluminum matrix is obtained at G⁄R more than 109 K·s/m2. The inter-fiber spacing λ of L2 is related to growth rates R; λ=KR−1⁄2, K being 2.8×10−8 m1.5 s−0.5.
Characterization of the 5′-Flanking Region and Regulation of Transcription of Human <i>BAFF-R</i> Gene (2009)

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is critical for maintaining the development and homeostasis of B cells. Overexpression of BAFF is associated with autoimmune diseases and malignant B lymphoma. BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) was found to be a specific receptor of BAFF. It not only plays a significant role in splenic B-cell maturation but also works as a major mediator in BAFF-dependent costimulatory response in peripheral B and T cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that BAFF-R is related to several diseases; however, the molecular mechanism of BAFF-R genic transcription has not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the transcriptional regulation of the BAFF-R gene. This study was designed to clone and characterize the 5'-regulatory region of the human BAFF-R gene and determine the mechanisms involved in its transcriptional regulation. In addition, the effects of interferon (IFN)-gamma and BAY11-7082 (inhibitor of nuclear factor [NF]-kappaB) on the expression and promoter activity of BAFF-R were examined. The results showed that the sequence between -1420 and +261 could be a core promoter region, and -1562 and -1420 bp harbored a transcriptive silencer. IFN-gamma promoted BAFF-R promoter activity and upregulated BAFF-R mRNA expression. BAY11-7082 (inhibitor of NF-kappaB) exhibited an inhibitory effect on BAFF-R promoter activity and downregulated BAFF-R mRNA expression. Our data provided novel evidence to clarify the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of BAFF-R and illustrated that IFN-gamma and NF-kappaB pathway were involved in regulating BAFF-R expression. Thus some BAFF-R-related diseases might be cured by blocking transcriptional regulation of BAFF-R and reducing its expression.
LJP 394 for the prevention of renal flare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (2003)

Treatment with LJP 394 in patients with high-affinity antibodies to its DNA epitope prolonged the time to renal flare, decreased the number of renal flares, and required fewer HDCC treatments compared with placebo. The study drug appeared to be well tolerated.
Conjunctival Scarring in Trachoma Is Associated with Depressed Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Chlamydial Antigens (1993)

In vitro responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were measured to antigens of Chlamydia trachomatis in 29 subjects with severe conjunctival scarring and compared with responses from 29 age-, sex-, and location-matched controls from a trachoma-endemic area in The Gambia. Proliferative and interferon-gamma responses were measured against chlamydial elementary bodies, recombinant major outer membrane protein, and affinity-purified recombinant chlamydial heat shock protein 60. Serum antibody levels in response to these antigens were also compared between the two groups, and the presence of ocular chlamydial antigen and DNA was assessed. PBMC from donors with conjunctival scarring had reduced proliferative responses to chlamydial antigens but not control antigens or mitogens compared with matched controls. By contrast, subjects with scarring had significantly higher levels of anti-chlamydial IgG antibody compared with matched controls and were more likely to be harboring ocular chlamydial antigen or DNA (or both).