gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA-Binding and Transcriptional Activation Properties of the EWS-FLI-1 Fusion Protein Resulting from the t(l1;22) Translocation in Ewing Sarcoma (1994)

The 5' half of the EWS gene has recently been described to be fused to the 3' regions of genes encoding the DNA-binding domain of several transcriptional regulators, including ATF1, FLI-1, and ERG, in several human tumors. The most frequent occurrence of this situation results from the t(11;22)(q24;q12) chromosome translocation specific for Ewing sarcoma (ES) and related tumors which joins EWS sequences to the 3' half of FLI-1, which encodes a member of the Ets family of transcriptional regulators. We show here that this chimeric gene encodes an EWS-FLI-1 nuclear protein which binds DNA with the same sequence specificity as the wild-type parental FLI-1 protein. We further show that EWS-FLI-1 is an efficient sequence-specific transcriptional activator of model promoters containing FLI-1 (Ets)-binding sites, a property which is strictly dependent on the presence of its EWS domain. Comparison of the properties of the N-terminal activation domain of FLI-1 to those of the EWS domain of the fusion protein indicates that EWS-FLI-1 has altered transcriptional activation properties compared with FLI-1. These results suggest that EWS-FLI-1 contributes to the transformed phenotype of ES tumor cells by inducing the deregulated and/or unscheduled activation of genes normally responsive to FLI-1 or to other close members of the Ets family. ES and related tumors are characterized by an elevated level of c-myc expression. We show that EWS-FLI-1 is a transactivator of the c-myc promoter, suggesting that upregulation of c-myc expression is under control of EWS-FLI-1.
ECF (2017)

Multi-Path TCP (MPTCP) is a new standardized transport protocol that enables devices to utilize multiple network interfaces. The default MPTCP path scheduler prioritizes paths with the smallest round trip time (RTT). In this work, we examine whether the default MPTCP path scheduler can provide applications the ideal aggregate bandwidth, i.e., the sum of available bandwidths of all paths. Our experimental results show that heterogeneous paths cause under-utilization of the fast path, resulting in undesirable application behaviors such as lower video streaming quality than can be obtained using the available aggregate bandwidth. To solve this problem, we propose and implement a new MPTCP path scheduler, ECF (Earliest Completion First), that utilizes all relevant information about a path, not just RTT. Our results show that ECF consistently utilizes all available paths more efficiently than other approaches under path heterogeneity, particularly for streaming video.
ChemInform Abstract: First Examples of Reactions of Azole N‐Oxides with Thioketones: A Novel Type of Sulfur‐Transfer Reaction. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multicriterion Strategic Planning for Improved Irrigation Delivery Performance (1991)

An approach for assessing alternative strategies for improving an irrigation water delivery system in the context of multiple planning criteriais applied to the Alamosa River and La Jara Creek irrigation systems in the San Luis Valley of south-central Colorado. Eleven distinct long-term, system-wide alternative strategies were explored and their impacts upon irrigation delivery performance were predicted using a stochastic simulation model. The rehabilitation alternatives which were considered involved structural, managerial, and/or policy changes. Variable uncertainty due to spatial and temporal variability and inadequate data was accounted for in the model. Two multicriterion decision-making techniques were implemented to rank the alternative planning strategies according to criteria of relative cost, social acceptability, institutional acceptability, and environmental impact, as well as water delivery performance. Alternatives identified for further detailed consideration at an implementation stage were those involving reduced canal conveyance losses, increased irrigation application efficiencies and a refinement in the prior appropriation scheme of water allocation.
179. The solubility products of ferrous and ferrosic hydroxides (1950)

T. V. Arden, J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 882 DOI: 10.1039/JR9500000882
Functional complementation of <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> RNA <i>in vitro</i> editing with recombinant RNA ligase (2005)

The approximately 20S RNA ligase-containing complex (L-complex) in trypanosomatid mitochondria interacts by means of RNA linkers with at least two other multiprotein complexes to mediate the editing of mitochondrial cryptogene transcripts. The L-complex contains approximately 16 proteins, including the two RNA-editing ligases (RELs), REL1 and REL2. Leishmania tarentolae REL1 and REL2 and Trypanosoma brucei REL1 were expressed as enzymatically active tandem affinity purification-tagged proteins in a Baculovirus system. When these proteins were added to mitochondrial lysates from T. brucei procyclic cells that were depleted of the cognate endogenous ligase by RNA interference down-regulation of expression, the added proteins were integrated into the L-complex, and, in the case of REL1, there was a complementation of in vitro-precleaved U-insertion and U-deletion editing activities of the 20S L-complex. Integration of the recombinant proteins did not occur or occurred at a very low level with noncognate ligase-depleted L-complex or with wild-type L-complex. A C-terminal region of the T. brucei recombinant REL1 downstream of the catalytic domain was identified as being involved in integration into the L-complex. The ability to perform functional complementation in vitro provides a powerful tool for molecular dissection of the editing reaction.
Binding of GGA2 to the Lysosomal Enzyme Sorting Motif of the Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor (2001)

The GGAs are a multidomain protein family implicated in protein trafficking between the Golgi and endosomes. Here, the VHS domain of GGA2 was shown to bind to the acidic cluster-dileucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). Receptors with mutations in this motif were defective in lysosomal enzyme sorting. The hinge domain of GGA2 bound clathrin, suggesting that GGA2 could be a link between cargo molecules and clathrin-coated vesicle assembly. Thus, GGA2 binding to the CI-MPR is important for lysosomal enzyme targeting.
Integrated 2D and 3D images for face recognition (2002)

This paper presents a feature-based face recognition system based on both 3D range data as well as 2D gray-level facial images. Ten 2D feature points and four 3D feature points are designed to be robust against changes of facial expressions and viewpoints and are described by Gabor filter responses in the 2D domain and point signature in the 3D domain. Localizing feature points in a new facial image is based on 3D-2D correspondence, average layout and corresponding bunch (covering a wide range of possible variations on each point). Extracted shape features from 3D feature points and texture features from 2D feature points are first projected into their own subspace using PCA. In subspace, the corresponding shape and texture weight vectors are then integrated to form an augmented vector which is used to represent each facial image. For a given test facial image, the best match in the model library is identified according to a classifier. Similarity function and support vector machine (SVM) are two types of classifier considered. Experimental results involving 2D persons with different facial expressions and extracted from different viewpoints have demonstrated the efficiency of our algorithm.
<i>In vivo</i> determination of skin surface topography using an optical 3D device (2004)

The results show a significant dependence of the skin surface topography on the age of the volunteer and the body site measured. Particularly the waviness, the Fourier analysis and the furrow profiles reflect such dependencies. The system used also fulfils the requirements for the testing of therapies, as was demonstrated by the reduction of mimic wrinkles after treatment with botulinum Toxin A.
The effect of tetrahydrofuran as solvent on matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization and electrospray ionization mass spectra of functional polystyrenes (2005)

It is demonstrated that tetrahydrofuran (THF) should be used with caution as a solvent in polymer sample preparation for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) analyses. The presence of peroxides in THF may cause the oxidation of chemically active groups. This effect is illustrated in the case of S-containing polystyrene derivatives. The oxidation of the trithiocarbonate group resulted in the formation of poly(styrene)sulfonic acids, R(CH(2)CHPh)(n)SO(3)H, which was detected in negative mode by MALDI and electrospray ionization (ESI) methods after the samples remained in THF for several hours.
A Review: Genetics Algorithms in Bioinformatics Tools (2021)

Bioinformaticians study biological questions by analyzing molecular data with various programs and tools. Today, bioinformatics is used in large number of fields such as microbial genome applications, biotechnology, waste cleanup, Gene therapy, fingerprint and eye detection. The field of bioinformatics, is one of the most prominent areas that our need is increasing, and the demand for it is increasing day by day. Where dealing with this vital and biological information using advanced computer technologies to generate useful information and new discoveries. For this reason, vital bioinformatics is one of the domains that combines both interested and programming at the same time. It provides you with resources for self-learning, the most important information in the field of vital information, and asked questions of those wishing to learn this field. The term bioinformatics was first used in 1968 by Margret Dayhoff, which is a pioneer in this field, but its definition appeared for the first time in 1978. This science arose and developed in conjunction with the emergence and development of computers. It is also referred to as "computational biology."
Determination of Zinc in Seawater Using Flow Injection Analysis with Fluorometric Detection (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Zinc in Seawater Using Flow Injection Analysis with Fluorometric DetectionJocelyn L. Nowicki, Kenneth S. Johnson, Kenneth H. Coale, Virginia A. Elrod, and Steve H. LiebermanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 17, 2732–2738Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00089a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00089a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Orientation and Rotational Motion of Skeletal Muscle Cross-bridges Containing Phosphorylated and Dephosphorylated Myosin Regulatory Light Chain (2013)

Calcium binding to thin filaments is a major element controlling active force generation in striated muscles. Recent evidence suggests that processes other than Ca(2+) binding, such as phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) also controls contraction of vertebrate striated muscle (Cooke, R. (2011) Biophys. Rev. 3, 33-45). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies using nucleotide analog spin label probes showed that dephosphorylated myosin heads are highly ordered in the relaxed fibers and have very low ATPase activity. This ordered structure of myosin cross-bridges disappears with the phosphorylation of RLC (Stewart, M. (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 430-435). The slower ATPase activity in the dephosporylated moiety has been defined as a new super-relaxed state (SRX). It can be observed in both skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers (Hooijman, P., Stewart, M. A., and Cooke, R. (2011) Biophys. J. 100, 1969-1976). Given the importance of the finding that suggests a novel pathway of regulation of skeletal muscle, we aim to examine the effects of phosphorylation on cross-bridge orientation and rotational motion. We find that: (i) relaxed cross-bridges, but not active ones, are statistically better ordered in muscle where the RLC is dephosporylated compared with phosphorylated RLC; (ii) relaxed phosphorylated and dephosphorylated cross-bridges rotate equally slowly; and (iii) active phosphorylated cross-bridges rotate considerably faster than dephosphorylated ones during isometric contraction but the duty cycle remained the same, suggesting that both phosphorylated and dephosphorylated muscles develop the same isometric tension at full Ca(2+) saturation. A simple theory was developed to account for this fact.
In situ observation of UV-laser-induced deposit formation by fluorescence measurement (2006)

We investigated the formation of UV laser induced deposits on uncoated and coated fused silica optics under vacuum conditions in presence of outgassing materials. As contamination samples epoxy, silicone and polyurethane containing materials were used. To realize low partial pressures of the contaminants in the gas phase they were slightly heated (40°C). The formation of the depositions was monitored in situ and online by detecting the fluorescence emission of the deposits, excited by the UV laser beam. The influence of different optical coatings on the deposit formation was studied. By analysing the surface profiles of the deposits, growth rates were estimated. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy was used for chemical characterization of the deposits.
The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke: A Critical Review of Its Measurement Properties (2002)

Measurement of recovery after stroke is becoming increasingly important with the advent of new treatment options under investigation in stroke rehabilitation research. The Fugl-Meyer scale was developed as the first quantitative evaluative instrument for measuring sensorimotor stroke recovery, based on Twitchell and Brunnstrom's concept of sequential stages of motor return in the hemiplegic stroke patient. The Fugl-Meyer is a well-designed, feasible and efficient clinical examination method that has been tested widely in the stroke population. Its primary value is the 100-point motor domain, which has received the most extensive evaluation. Excellent interrater and intrarater reliability and construct validity have been demonstrated, and preliminary evidence suggests that the Fugl-Meyer assessment is responsive to change. Limitations of the motor domain include a ceiling effect, omission of some potentially relevant items, and weighting of the arm more than the leg. Further study should test performance of this scale in specific subgroups of stroke patients and better define its criterion validity, sensitivity to change, and minimal clinically important difference. Based on the available evidence, the Fugl-Meyer motor scale is recommended highly as a clinical and research tool for evaluating changes in motor impairment following stroke.
Apparatus for optical characterization of displays (1976)

An apparatus has been designed and constructed for the measurement of the optical characteristics of passive displays. It provides isotropic illumination to the top surface of the display and generates data on the contrast ratio of individual segments as they are viewed from any direction above the display. Typical results on the brightness, contrast ratio, and the angle dependence of this contrast ratio are shown for a commercially available LCD.
Diamond grit-based field emission cathodes (1997)

This letter describes the fabrication and operation of diamond grit gated cathodes. The structure is similar to Spindt-type cathode, but the field emission cone is replaced with a more planar diamond grit layer 50 to 200 nm thick. Although the minimum lithographic dimension of these cathodes is from 1 to 5 μm, these devices have exceptionally low turn-on voltages, 5 to 7 V. Cathode current noise is less than 2.5% rms with a maximum absolute current variation of 6.7% over a 6 h period. These devices can operate in pressures of nitrogen above 133 Pa (1 Torr). Although operation in 6.6×10/sup -2/ Pa (5×10/sup -4/ Torr) with more reactive gasses, O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> or H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> S, degrades performance, the cathodes recover when the pressure is reduced to /spl les/1.3×10/sup -4/ Pa (1×10/sup -6/ Torr). Gate current varies from 0.2 to 100 times the emitted current and depends on the technique used to deposit the diamond grit. High current densities (>10 A cm/sup -2/), low gate voltages (<50 V), low emission noise, excellent longevity, temporal uniformity, and ease of fabrication make these devices potential cathodes for flat panel displays. However, excessive gate current and unsatisfactory processing reproducibility at present limit their general application.
Self-aligned aluminum top-gate polysilicon thin-film transistors fabricated using laser recrystallization and gas-immersion laser doping (1997)

We present electrical results from polysilicon thin film transistors (TFT's) fabricated using laser-recrystallized channels and gas-immersion laser-doped source-drain regions. A simple, four-level self-aligned aluminum top-gate process is developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of these laser processes in producing TFT's. The source-drain doping process results in source-drain sheet resistances well below 100 /spl Omega///spl square/. TFT field-effect mobilities in excess of 200 cm/sup 2//Vs are measured for the laser-fabricated unhydrogenated TFT's.
Bayesian Variable Selection and Regularization for Time–Frequency Surface Estimation (2004)

Summary We describe novel Bayesian models for time–frequency inverse modelling of non-stationary signals. These models are based on the idea of a Gabor regression, in which a time series is represented as a superposition of translated, modulated versions of a window function exhibiting good time–frequency concentration. As a necessary consequence, the resultant set of potential predictors is in general overcomplete—constituting a frame rather than a basis—and hence the resultant models require careful regularization through appropriate choices of variable selection schemes and prior distributions. We introduce prior specifications that are tailored to representative time series, and we develop effective Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for inference. To highlight the potential applications of such methods, we provide examples using two of the most distinctive time–frequency surfaces—speech and music signals—as well as standard test functions from the wavelet regression literature.
Current and New Treatments of Photodamaged Skin (2009)

Patients with photodamaged skin need guidance in selecting treatment plans that optimize outcomes, minimize downtime, and reduce adverse effects. The gold standard among cosmeceuticals is the topical retinoids, such as tretinoin. A topical formulation of folic acid and creatine appears to be a viable treatment option for the treatment of photodamaged skin. The use of specific topical cosmeceuticals in combination with nonablative photorejuvenation is recommended in choosing modalities that address the concerns of the patient. A combination of intense pulsed light (IPL), low-intensity diode light, and biostimulating drugs has been shown to provide results superior to those of IPL alone for photorejuvenation. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is the treatment of choice for type C photodamage. Low-strength 5-ALA (1 to 2%) applied several times, every 10 to 15 minutes, and incubated for 30 to 60 minutes with 550 to 630 nm, 530 to 1200 nm, or 570 to 1200 nm light activation improved hyperpigmented lesions, skin smoothing, and skin elasticity with high patient satisfaction. The use of 0.5% liposome-encapsulated 5-ALA spraying has been shown to be an alternative to 20% 5-ALA in a cream base in patients undergoing photorejuvenation. Adipose-derived stem cells and their derived secretory factors may have potential as treatments of photodamage.
Next Generation Users: Changing Access to the Internet (2013)

We investigate some implications of the rising use of mobile devices and multiple devices to access the Internet. Next Generation Users are defined as Internet users who access the Internet (1) on mobile devices and (2) on multiple devices. Data from the 2011 Oxford Internet Survey shows that Next Generation Users are disproportionately likely to use the Internet for entertainment, content production, and information-seeking. Logistic regression shows that Next Generation Users tend to be younger, wealthier, have positive attitudes toward technology and to have used the Internet longer. We conclude that mobility and multiple devices are reconfiguring their access to information, people and services in ways that are likely to empower them in relation to other users. This may herald the beginning of a new digital divide.
A wide band CMOS Class-D line driver for wireline communication (2010)

A wide band Class-D line driver for wireline communications is presented in a low voltage CMOS technology. The new driver improves switching frequencies by a factor of six compared to other works. To reach wide bandwidths, a new NMOS only output stage and a new transconductor are developed. Simulated results of the complete line driver implemented in 0.13μm CMOS, with a 30MHz HomePlug AV input signal and 160MHz switching frequency, show an efficiency of 22.8% with 111mW injected power.
Corrosion of Copper and Copper Alloys (2005)

Abstract This article discusses the identifying characteristics of the forms or mechanisms of corrosion that commonly attack copper metals, as well as the most effective means of combating each. It tabulates the corrosion ratings of wrought copper alloys in various corrosive media. The article describes the corrosion behavior of copper alloys in specific environments. It reviews the corrosion characteristics of copper and copper alloys in various acids, alkalis, salts, organic compounds, and gases. The article provides information on the behavior of copper alloys that is susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking in various industrial and chemical environments. It concludes with information on various corrosion testing methods, including aqueous corrosion testing, dynamic corrosion tests, and stress-corrosion testing.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON PYRIDONES. I. SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 3‐ACETYL‐(3,4‐DICHLOROPHENYL)‐2‐(1H)PYRIDONES (1981)

Abstract Die Kondensation der Chalcone (I) mit Cyanessigsäureethylester führt zu einem Gemisch aus (III), (IV) und (V).