gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nano-Engineering Defect Structures on Graphene (2007)

We present a new way of nano-engineering graphene using defect domains. These regions have ring structures that depart from the usual honeycomb lattice, though each carbon atom still has three nearest neighbors. A set of stable domain structures is identified using density functional theory (DFT), including blisters, ridges, ribbons, and metacrystals. All such structures are made solely out of carbon; the smallest encompasses just 16 atoms. Blisters, ridges and metacrystals rise up out of the sheet, while ribbons remain flat. In the vicinity of vacancies, the reaction barriers to formation are sufficiently low that such defects could be synthesized through the thermally activated restructuring of coalesced adatoms.
Mobile-based kernel-fuzzy-c-means-wavelet for driver fatigue prediction with cloud computing (2014)

A driver fatigue monitoring system with high precision could be a monetary countermeasure to reduce the road accidents. This study focuses on delivering fatigue prediction based on photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) wavelet spectrum analysis. Specifically, an adaptive threshold method is utilized for PPG and ECG artifacts removal, peak and onset detection. Subsequently, the wavelet coefficients generated are further composed into very low frequency, low frequency and high frequency bands. Autonomous rule extraction is performed by using Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (Kernel FCM) with “if-then” rules to train the dataset for classifying driver vigilance level. By developing the hierarchical prediction model in smartphone device, it enabled the sensing data collection, fatigue level analysis, and warning sounded to driver when low arousal is detected, thus provide a safe and non-obstructive driving environment. Collected and analyzed data is uploaded to cloud server for remote monitoring. The experimental results validated prediction accuracy can be achieved at 96% to 98% on average across subjects.
T Cells Limit Accumulation of Aggregate Pathology Following Intrastriatal Injection of α-Synuclein Fibrils (2021)

Background: α-Synuclein (α-syn) is the predominant protein in Lewy-body inclusions, which are pathological hallmarks of α-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Other hallmarks include activation of microglia, elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the activation of T and B cells. These immune changes point towards a dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune system. T cells have been shown to recognize epitopes derived from α-syn and altered populations of T cells have been found in PD and MSA patients, providing evidence that these cells can be key to the pathogenesis of the disease. Objective To study the role of the adaptive immune system with respect to α-syn pathology. Methods: We injected human α-syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum of immunocompromised mice (NSG) and assessed accumulation of phosphorylated α-syn pathology, proteinase K-resistant α-syn pathology and microgliosis in the striatum, substantia nigra and frontal cortex. We also assessed the impact of adoptive transfer of naïve T and B cells into PFF-injected immunocompromised mice. Results: Compared to wildtype mice, NSG mice had an 8-fold increase in phosphorylated α-syn pathology in the substantia nigra. Reconstituting the T cell population decreased the accumulation of phosphorylated α-syn pathology and resulted in persistent microgliosis in the striatum when compared to non-transplanted mice. Conclusion: Our work provides evidence that T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of experimental α-synucleinopathy.
Computed Tomography of the Cardiovascular System (2007)

Computed tomography of the cardiovascular system / , Computed tomography of the cardiovascular system / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Lateralization Judgments and the Nature of Binaural Acoustic Images (1965)

Lateralization-judgment trajectories with interaural time delay of acoustic images arising binaurally are reported for certain multicomponent signals such as multiple tones and repetitive transients. It is shown that certain multiple sound images simultaneously perceived may be independently lateralized and the characteristic judgment trajectories manipulated predictably in various ways. With repetitive binaural transients, the dominant, impulsive, image is shown to be accompanied by tonal images due to harmonics but it is argued that the impulsive image does not arise as a synthesis of the harmonic tonal images. High- and low-pitched impulsive images appear to be related to individual acoustic transients and apparently arise by virtue of neural activity in two different regions of the cochlea.
New single-mode, multi-fiber, expanded-beam, passive optical interconnect (2014)

This paper describes the design and performance of next generation, single-mode, multi-fiber, debris insensitive, expanded beam, interconnect components. This low cost, dense optical interconnect technology combined with recent advances next generation, high bandwidth, SM, silicon photonic based Tx/Rx devices is enabling unprecedented bandwidth densities for extended distances at reduced costs. A monolithic, multi-fiber ferule with integrated collimating lenses was designed with the same overall footprint as a traditional MT-type, multi-fiber rectangular ferrule. The new optical ferrule was designed with precision micro holes for alignment to the lens array allowing for future incorporation of multiple rows of fibers into a single ferrule unit. The monolithic, lensed based ferule design enables a low-cost, no-polish fiber termination methodology. The ferrule tested was manufactured with an array of 16 fibers in the footprint associated with traditional, 12 fiber, physical contact MT ferules via use of novel, molded in, end-face alignment features. Multiple optical models were built with ray tracing methodology to predict the insertion loss and return loss with varying refraction index, transmissivity and surface reflection properties of the ferrule. Empirical optical performance results closely match the optical modeling predictions. Insertion losses of <1.5dB were measured along with return loss values <=-30dB. Further analysis was done to characterize the robustness of the new interconnect with regard to debris insensitivity. Do to the nature of the expanded beam, free-space optical design, the impact of debris on the optical mating surface of the interconnect was significantly reduced when compared to traditional, physical contact single-mode interconnects
Ductile titanium-based glassy alloy ingots (2005)

We report that ductile and strong amorphous titanium metallic alloys (∼ twice the strength of high-strength titanium alloys) have been discovered that are in the form of glassy ingots. It is found that the suppression of a competing stable quasicrystalline phase upon solidification is particularly important in forming the current glassy ingots. While there is significant technological potential for these titanium alloys, the present findings have important implications on the design of highly processable bulk metallic glasses.
The effect of cerulenin on sterol biosynthesis in<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1977)

Cerulenin specifically inhibited fatty acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae without having an effect on sterol formation. Ergosterol was not required for cell growth in the presence of cerulenin (1 microgram/ml). The addition of fatty acids to the growth medium reduced the amount of ergosterol formed by 45%; further addition of cerulenin to the media had no effect on the amount of ergosterol synthesized by the cells. The incorporation of 3H from 3H2O into ergosterol was not affected by cerulenin whereas incorporation into fatty acids was inhibited by 90%.
Effect of nuclear magnetic resonance fields in peritoneal macrophages (2011)

Magnetic resonance is frequently used to obtain medical ima ges for diagnosis. To perform these exams high magnetic fields are applied, implying at least ±10,000 times the va lue of the Earth basal field (3-7·10–5 T). In our experimental study we used adherent cells (rat peritoneal macrophages), cultured in standard conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2) with adequate media in 6 wells plates. Three groups for each type of cell were established: control, head and body coil, being the irradiation performed with a 1.5 T (University Hospital of Coimbra) and a 3 T (National Functional Brain Imagiology Network – IBILI) intensity fields. Macrophages’ cytotoxicity and viability were tested with the MTTi assay 0, 12, 36, 60 and 84 hours post-irradiation. Irradiated macrophages presented slightly less viability and adhesion features compared to control, although no differences between the head and body coil were found.
The Performance of A Diesel Engine Fueled With Diesel Oil, Biodiesel and Preheated Coconut Oil (2017)

Fossil fuel crisis and depletion, environmental pollution and ever-increase in vehicle and transportation means have renewed the scientist’s interest in the world in order to look for potential alternative fuels, which are attractive such as biodiesel, bioethanol, DME and vegetable oils. Inedible vegetable oils such as coconut oil, Jatropha oil, linseed oil or animal fat are full of potential for using directly or manufacturing biodiesel. This work is carried out in order to study the four stroke diesel engine D240 performance characteristics fueled with preheated pure coconut oil (PCO), Jatropha oil methyl ester (JOME) and compare with diesel oil (DO). The test diesel engine performance such as power (Ne), torque (Me), specific fuel consumption (ge) and thermal efficiency (ηe) is determined, calculated and evaluated while using JOME, preheated PCO and compared to DO. The results show that, power (Ne), torque (Me) and thermal efficiency (ηe) while engine is fueled with JOME and PCO are lower, otherwise specific fuel consumption (ge) is higher than those of diesel fuel, the test engine performance are gained the best for JOME and PCO100.Article History: Received Dec 9, 2016; Received in revised form January 28, 2017; Accepted February 4, 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Hoang, T.A and Le,V. V. (2017). The Performance of A Diesel Engine Fueled With Diesel Oil, Biodiesel and Preheated Coconut Oil. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(1), 1-7.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.1-7
Stimulation of Benzyladenine-Induced in vitro Shoot Organogensis from Cotyledons of Cucumis sativus L. by Proline and Abscisic Acid. (1992)

Addition of abscisic acid (ABA) and/or proline stimulated benzyladenine (BA) -induced multiple shoots directly from cotyledon explants (2mmx2mm) of Cucumis sativus in MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) with 3% sucrose. Stimulation of BA-induced multiple shoots by proline was statistically significant within the concentration range of 5mM-10mM. Although at high levels of 20mM and 30mM, shoots were slightly inhibited. Stimulation of multiple shoots by ABA was optimum at 50vM with higher concentrations of 200yM and 300/1 M being very inhibitory. Addition of 50vM ABA with 10mM proline stimulated better quality multiple shoots and induction was observed in a maximum percentage (90%) of the explants.
Reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) with superoxide anion (1981)

Abstract Reaction of pol(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with superoxide anion was carried out in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution at 40°C under nitrogen and changes in the yield of recovered polymer, molecular weight, and chemical structure were examined. Appreciable decreases in the yield of recovered polymer and molecular weight were observed during the reaction, which indicated that a main chain scission of the polymer had occurred. Residual acetyl groups identified by the absorption peaks at ca. 1720 and 1250 cm −1 in infrared (IR) spectra were removed rapidly and β‐diketone groups identified by the peaks at ca. 1640 and 1560 cm −1 in IR spectra and at ca. 255 nm in ultraviolet (UV) spectra were formed during the reaction. Formation of carboxylate groups was also assumed. The reaction mechanism was discussed on the basis of the results obtained.
Signal Qualification Method for Partial-Response Maximum-Likelihood Read/Write Channel (2004)

The partial-response maximum-likelihood (PRML) signal processing technique is effective for high-density recording media. However, there are few omit evaluation methods for qualifying the played-back signal using a simple measurement tool such as a jitter meter. We propose a simpler PRML qualification method, the so-called maximum-likelihood sequence error (MLSE) detection method. In this paper, we show the validity of the new method for dual-layer Blu-ray Disc read channel and, furthermore, show the method for optimizing the write channel.
Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma (2010)

The focus of the present study was to define the human plasma lipidome and to establish novel analytical methodologies to quantify the large spectrum of plasma lipids. Partial lipid analysis is now a regular part of every patient's blood test and physicians readily and regularly prescribe drugs that alter the levels of major plasma lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides. Plasma contains many thousands of distinct lipid molecular species that fall into six main categories including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and prenols. The physiological contributions of these diverse lipids and how their levels change in response to therapy remain largely unknown. As a first step toward answering these questions, we provide herein an in-depth lipidomics analysis of a pooled human plasma obtained from healthy individuals after overnight fasting and with a gender balance and an ethnic distribution that is representative of the US population. In total, we quantitatively assessed the levels of over 500 distinct molecular species distributed among the main lipid categories. As more information is obtained regarding the roles of individual lipids in health and disease, it seems likely that future blood tests will include an ever increasing number of these lipid molecules.
QuickCash: Secure Transfer Payment Systems (2017)

Payment systems play a significant role in our daily lives. They are an important driver of economic activities and a vital part of the banking infrastructure of any country. Several current payment systems focus on security and reliability but pay less attention to users' needs and behaviors. For example, people may share their bankcards with friends or relatives to withdraw money for various reasons. This behavior can lead to a variety of privacy and security issues since the cardholder has to share a bankcard and other sensitive information such as a personal identification number (PIN). In addition, it is commonplace that cardholders may lose their cards, and may not be able to access their accounts due to various reasons. Furthermore, transferring money to an individual who has lost their bankcard and identification information is not a straightforward task. A user-friendly person-to-person payment system is urgently needed to perform secure and reliable transactions that benefit from current technological advancements. In this paper, we propose two secure fund transfer methods termed QuickCash Online and QuickCash Offline to transfer money from peer to peer using the existing banking infrastructure. Our methods provide a convenient way to transfer money quickly, and they do not require using bank cards or any identification card. Unlike other person-to-person payment systems, the proposed methods do not require the receiving entity to have a bank account, or to perform any registration procedure. We implement our QuickCash payment systems and analyze their security strengths and properties.
A review on deep convolutional neural networks (2017)

The success of traditional methods for solving computer vision problems heavily depends on the feature extraction process. But Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have provided an alternative for automatically learning the domain specific features. Now every problem in the broader domain of computer vision is re-examined from the perspective of this new methodology. Therefore it is essential to figure-out the type of network specific to a problem. In this work, we have done a thorough literature survey of Convolutional Neural Networks which is the widely used framework of deep learning. With AlexNet as the base CNN model, we have reviewed all the variations emerged over time to suit various applications and a small discussion on the available frameworks for the implementation of the same. We hope this piece of article will really serve as a guide for any neophyte in the area.
How Short Is Too Short for the Interactions of a Water Potential? Exploring the Parameter Space of a Coarse-Grained Water Model Using Uncertainty Quantification (2014)

Coarse-grained models are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to access time and length scales that are prohibitively expensive with atomistic models. However, as a result of decreasing the degrees of freedom, coarse-grained models often have diminished accuracy, representability, and transferability compared with their finer grained counterparts. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) can help alleviate this challenge by providing an efficient and accurate method to evaluate the effect of model parameters on the properties of the system. This method is useful in finding parameter sets that fit the model to several experimental properties simultaneously. In this work we use UQ as a tool for the evaluation and optimization of a coarse-grained model. We efficiently sample the five-dimensional parameter space of the coarse-grained monatomic water (mW) model to determine what parameter sets best reproduce experimental thermodynamic, structural and dynamical properties of water. Generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) was used to reconstruct the analytical surfaces of density, enthalpy of vaporization, radial and angular distribution functions, and diffusivity of liquid water as a function of the input parameters. With these surfaces, we evaluated the sensitivity of these properties to perturbations of the model input parameters and the accuracy and representability of the coarse-grained models. In particular, we investigated what is the optimum length scale of the water-water interactions needed to reproduce the properties of liquid water with a monatomic model with two- and three-body interactions. We found that there is an optimum cutoff length of 4.3 Å, barely longer than the size of the first neighbor shell in water. As cutoffs deviate from this optimum value, the ability of the model to simultaneously reproduce the structure and thermodynamics is severely diminished.
Does commodity dependence slow development? Commodity-dependent countries are not doomed - provided policies and an active private sector help promote growth (1997)

Because of an association with weak export and income growth, commodity dependence has long been considered a barrier to economic development. However, statistical analyses and case studies show that commodity dependence does not necessarily hinder economic growth. But growth does require appropriate government policies and a vibrant private sector. To support commodity sector growth, governments should not intervene in the market, but rather should create an enabling environment for private sector development. Specific policies that are crucial to sound commodity sector development are discussed in this Note.
Silencing of GM3 synthase suppresses lung metastasis of murine breast cancer cells (2008)

Our findings indicate that GM3 synthase silencing suppressed lung metastasis in murine breast cancer cells. The molecular mechanism that underlies GM3 synthase mediated migration and invasion was inhibition of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt pathway. The findings suggest that GM3 synthase may be of value as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Oxygen radicals, lipid peroxidation, and permeability changes after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (1993)

This study examined the effects of a 21-aminosteroid, U-74389, on lipid peroxidation [determined by plasma and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels], intestinal permeability (plasma-to-luminal clearance of 51Cr-labeled EDTA), and intestinal blood flow (laser Doppler) during and after intestinal ischemia [superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and collateral vessel occlusion for 20 min with atraumatic clip]. Untreated ischemia increased EDTA clearance (from 0.050 +/- 0.005 to 0.169 +/- 0.040 ml.min-1.100 g-1; n = 16, P = < 0.05), reduced SMA flow 88% (P < 0.05), and increased plasma MDA (0.340 +/- 0.120 to 4.030 +/- 0.86 nmol/ml; n = 8, P = 0.01); 2 h of reperfusion further increased EDTA clearance (0.323 +/- 0.060 ml.mg-1.100 g-1). EDTA clearance remained unchanged from baseline throughout the experimental period in sham ischemic rats (n = 12, 0.060 +/- 0.006 ml.min-1.100 g-1). Aminosteroid treatment at ischemia (n = 10) or with reperfusion (n = 11) returned EDTA clearance to near baseline (baseline 0.071 +/- 0.023; reperfusion 0.091 +/- 0.014 ml.min-1.100 g tissue-1) and reduced the ischemia-reperfusion-associated rise in tissue MDA. Two hours after reperfusion, SMA blood flow was above baseline values in all experimental groups. Our data suggest that oxygen-derived free radicals produced during intestinal ischemia and reperfusion contribute to 1) lipid peroxidation of cell membranes and 2) increases in intestinal mucosal permeability, potentiating bacterial translocation and sepsis.
Humic substances : structures, models and functions (2001)

History, Philosophy and Spectroscopy Data, Mobility and Stability Masses, Similarities and Properties Models and Theories Images, Oxidation and Humification Organic Ores and Analysis of Commercial HSs Plant Growth Stimulation and Antimutagenesis Subject Index.
Occurrence of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in horses in Malaysia (2013)

The widespread use of antibiotics has been responsible for the development of numerous problems including the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is one of
Development of Efficient Analytical Record System (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopment of Efficient Analytical Record SystemA. H. Hale and J. W. StillmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1952, 24, 1, 143–149Publication Date (Print):January 23, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 23 January 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60061a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60061a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts