gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kinematic gait analysis of the trot in healthy Greyhounds (1993)

A noninvasive computer-assisted kinematic gait analysis was used to describe flexion and extension movements of 6 joints in Greyhounds at a trot. Distinct patterns of movements were described for each joint studied. The coxofemoral and carpal joints were characterized by a single peak of maximal extension. The femorotibial, tarsal, scapulohumeral, and cubital joints had 2 peaks of maximal extension, with 1 peak preceding stance phase and a second peak within stance phase. A two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA was used to determine the variance in measurement of joint angles in degrees that was attributable to trial repetitions and to differences between dogs. The coxofemoral, femorotibial, tarsal, scapulohumeral, and cubital joints had a mean variance attributable to trial repetition of 6.6 (range, 1.7 to 12.9), and a mean variance attributable to differences between dogs of 5.1 (range, 0.9 to 9.2). The carpus had more variance, with a mean variance attributable to trial repetition of 16.3 (range, 13.3 to 20.5), and that attributable to differences between dogs of 31.8 (range, 20.5 to 46.7). Kinematic gait analysis provided a reliable description of flexion and extension movements in Greyhounds with minimal variance attributable to trial repetitions and to differences between dogs.
High breakdown voltage Au/Pt/GaN Schottky diodes (2000)

Au/Pt/GaN Schottky diode rectifiers were fabricated with reverse breakdown voltage (VRB) up to 550 V on vertically depleting structures and &gt;2000 V on lateral devices. The figure-of-merit (VRB)2/RON, where RON is the on-state resistance, had values between 4.2 and 4.8 MW cm−2. The reverse leakage currents and forward on-voltages were still somewhat higher than the theoretical minimum values, but were comparable to SiC Schottky rectifiers reported in the literature. These devices show promise for use in ultrahigh-power switches.
Continuous recording of coronary sinus oxygen saturation during atrial pacing in patients with coronary artery disease or with syndrome X. (1988)

Coronary sinus oxygen saturation was measured continuously during incremental atrial pacing in 34 patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation. In eleven patients with normal coronary arteriograms, negative exercise tests, and no ST segment depression on the electrocardiogram, an increase in the rate of atrial pacing transiently decreased coronary sinus oxygen saturation but within 20 s oxygen saturation returned to the control value. In six patients with coronary artery disease ST segment depression developed during atrial pacing. The coronary sinus oxygen saturation fell and remained reduced until pacing was discontinued. The size of the fall of coronary sinus oxygen saturation increased with increasing heart rate. In seven patients with coronary artery disease the ST segments were unaltered during atrial pacing and coronary sinus oxygen saturation did not fall. Ten patients with syndrome X were studied. In six ST segment depression developed on atrial pacing. In five, three of whom developed ST segment depression, the changes in coronary sinus oxygen saturation during atrial pacing were similar to those observed in patients without any evidence of coronary artery disease. In three, all of whom developed ST segment depression, coronary sinus oxygen saturation gradually increased throughout the period of atrial pacing. In two patients coronary sinus oxygen saturation fell in a manner similar to that observed in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease who developed ST segment depression on pacing. Thus regulation of coronary blood flow in normal persons in response to an increase of heart rate is rapid. Oxygen extraction across the coronary bed can increase by up to 30% and a persistent increase in oxygen extraction is an indicator of myocardial ischaemia. The term "syndrome X" does not describe a homogeneous group of patients but in the majority coronary sinus oxygen saturation does not fall despite symptoms and changes on the electrocardiogram, indicating that inadequate coronary blood flow is not the dominant mechanism.
Use of hybrid phenomenological and statistical effective-medium theories of dielectric functions to model the infrared reflectance of porous SiC films (2000)

The reflectance of porous silicon carbide (PSC) thin films on SiC substrates is measured in the infrared reststrahlen region by Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy and is compared to simulated spectra based on phenomenological and Bergman statistical effective-medium dielectric functions. The phenomenological models evaluated include the Bruggeman, cavity- and sphere-Maxwell-Garnett (C-MG and S-MG), Landau-Lifshitz/Looyenga (LLL), and Monecke models. In addition, modifications to the Bruggeman and C-MG models with variable particle shapes and surface layers are examined. Hybrid versions of the C-MG and LLL models are also considered, alternatively by using a phenomenological mixing approach, which gives a direct physical interpretation of the topology, and by directly mixing the statistical spectral density functions of the C-MG and LLL effective dielectric functions. This latter statistical hybrid model gives the best (and quite good) agreement with experiments. The differences in the hybrid models are understood by comparing their spectral density functions. The dip (or splitting) in the PSC film reststrahlen band is attributed to surface optical phonon modes.
America and Two Wars (1944)

America and Two Wars. By Dexter Perkins. (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1944. vii + 206 pp. Index. $2.00.) Get access Thomas C. Cochran Thomas C. Cochran New York University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 31, Issue 2, September 1944, Pages 290–291, https://doi.org/10.2307/1893446 Published: 01 September 1944
Interactions with p300 enhance transcriptional activation by the PDZ-domain coactivator Bridge-1 (2005)

Transcriptional coactivators are essential mediators of signal amplification in the regulation of gene expression in response to hormones and extracellular signals. We previously identified Bridge-1 (PSMD9) as a PDZ-domain coregulator that augments insulin gene transcription via interactions with the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors E12 and E47, and that increases transcriptional activation by the homeodomain transcription factor PDX-1. In these studies, we find that transcriptional activation by Bridge-1 can be regulated via interactions with the histone acetyltransferase and nuclear receptor coactivator p300. In transfection assays, transcriptional activation by Bridge-1 is increased by the inhibition of endogenous histone deacetylase activity with trichostatin A, indicating that the transcriptional activation function of Bridge-1 can be regulated by histone modifications. The exogenous expression of p300 enhances the transcriptional activation by Bridge-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, the sequestration of p300 by the overexpression of the adenoviral protein E1A, but not by an E1A mutant protein that is unable to interact with p300, suppresses the transcriptional activation by Bridge-1. We demonstrate that p300 and Bridge-1 proteins interact in immunopre-cipitation and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down assays. Bridge-1 interacts directly with multiple regions within p300 that encompass C/H1 or C/H2 cysteine- and histidine-rich protein interaction domains and the histone acetyltransferase domain. Deletion or point mutagenesis of the Bridge-1 PDZ domain substantially reduces transcriptional activation by Bridge-1 and interrupts interactions with p300. We propose that p300 interactions with Bridge-1 can augment the transcriptional activation of regulatory target genes by Bridge-1.
Ternary Ag/MgO‐SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts for the Conversion of Ethanol into Butadiene (2014)

Ternary Ag/Magnesia-silica catalysts were tested in the direct synthesis of 1,3-butadiene from ethanol. The influence of the silver content and the type of silica source on catalytic performance has been studied. Prepared catalysts were characterized by (29) Si NMR, N2 sorption, small-angle X-ray scattering measurements, XRD, environmental scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (ESEM/EDX), FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine and CO2 , temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 and UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Based on these characterization results, the catalytic performance of the catalysts in the 1,3-butadiene formation process was interpreted and a tentative model explaining the role of the different catalytically active sites was elaborated. The balance of the active sites is crucial to obtain an active and selective catalyst to form 1,3-butadiene from ethanol. The optimal silver loading is 1-2 wt% on a MgO-silica support with a molar Mg/Si ratio of 2. The silver species and basic sites (Mg−O pairs and basic OH groups) are of prime importance in the 1,3-butadiene production, catalyzing mainly the ethanol dehydrogenation and the aldol condensation, respectively.
Silhouette-based human pose estimation using reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (2006)

A novel approach for recovering the human body configuration based on the silhouette is presented. By considering pose inference as traversing the difference subspaces and using a data-driven mechanism, reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) can explore such solution space very efficiently. Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Room-Temperature Spin Memory in Two-Dimensional Electron Gases (1997)

Time-resolved Kerr reflectivity of two-dimensional electron gases in II-VI semiconductors provides a direct measure of electron spin precession and relaxation over a temperature range from 4 to 300 kelvin. The introduction of n -type dopants increases the electronic spin lifetimes several orders of magnitude relative to insulating counterparts, a trend that is also observed in doped bulk semiconductors. Because the electronic spin polarization in these systems survives for nanoseconds, far longer than the electron-hole recombination lifetime, this technique reveals thousands of spin precession cycles of 15 gigahertz per tesla within an electron gas. Remarkably, these spin beats are only weakly temperature dependent and persist to room temperature.
Effect of fungicides and heat treatment on seed germination of endophyte infected perennial ryegrass (2002)

3 ref.
Megaloblastic changes in the cervical epithelium. Association with oral contraceptive therapy and reversal with folic acid (1973)

"Megaloblastic" abnormalities of cervicovaginal cells similar to those seen in severe folate and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency were found in 22 (19%) of 115 women taking oral contraceptive agents (combined estrogen-progestogen or progestogens only). Similar changes were not observed in any of 51 controls not taking these medications. The cytologic abnormalities could not be related to hematologic findings or serum folate and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>concentrations. The changes reverted to normal or improved markedly in all eight patients treated with pharmacologic doses of folic acid for three weeks. It is hypothesized that oral contraceptive agents induce a localized interference with folate metabolism at the end organ level.
Guidelines for the selection, configuration, and use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) implementations (2019)

NIST is responsible for developing information security
Activation of liver X receptors and retinoid X receptors prevents bacterial-induced macrophage apoptosis (2004)

Microbe-macrophage interactions play a central role in the pathogenesis of many infections. The ability of some bacterial pathogens to induce macrophage apoptosis has been suggested to contribute to their ability to elude innate immune responses and successfully colonize the host. Here, we provide evidence that activation of liver X receptors (LXRs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) inhibits apoptotic responses of macrophages to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) withdrawal and several inducers of apoptosis. In addition, combined activation of LXR and RXR protected macrophages from apoptosis caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. Expression-profiling studies demonstrated that LXR and RXR agonists induced the expression of antiapoptotic regulators, including AIM/CT2, Bcl-X(L), and Birc1a. Conversely, LXR and RXR agonists inhibited expression of proapoptotic regulators and effectors, including caspases 1, 4/11, 7, and 12; Fas ligand; and Dnase1l3. The combination of LXR and RXR agonists was more effective than either agonist alone at inhibiting apoptosis in response to various inducers of apoptosis, and it acted synergistically to induce expression of AIM/CT2. Inhibition of AIM/CT2 expression in response to LXR/RXR agonists partially reversed their antiapoptotic effects. These findings reveal unexpected roles of LXRs and RXRs in the control of macrophage survival and raise the possibility that LXR/RXR agonists may be exploited to enhance innate immunity to bacterial pathogens that induce apoptotic programs as a strategy for evading host responses.
Sigma-delta switching power system to drive voice coil motor in hard disk drives (2005)

The paper presents a switching power system as an alternative to linear power systems driving voice coil motors (VCM) in hard disk drives (HDD). The system is made up of a switching power stage and a suitable modulator. The power stage uses the zero voltage transition technique to control the output voltage slope. The modulator uses the sigma-delta technique and controls the VCM current through a single-loop architecture. Although the structure of the system makes it general purpose, the authors of the paper chose a VCM for HDDs as a target application to test the system. This application is particularly challenging because it requires high-precision current regulation and is particularly sensitive to disturbance and noise. All the significant aspects of the system are then described and discussed. Results derived from the application of the proposed system to a real HDD are presented. The results demonstrate that the output-voltage slope is a parameter fundamental to avoiding interference between the output stage and the channel circuitry and for which an upper limit does exist. Nevertheless, it is high enough to make a switching drive worth considering. In particular, the relationship between the output-voltage slope, HDD performance, current-sensing properties and power-stage efficiency was analysed. The system was designed to be fully integrated.
Brownian Motion of Rotating Particles (1968)

A kinetic theory for the Brownian motion of spherical rotating particles is given starting from a generalized Fokker-Planck equation. The generalized Fokker-Planck collision operator is a sum of two ordinary Fokker-Planck differential operators in velocity and angular velocity space respectively plus a third term which provides a coupling of translational and rotational motions. This term stems from a transverse force proportional to the cross product of velocity and angular velocity of a Brownian particle. Collision brackets pertaining to the generalized Fokker-Planck operator are defined and their general properties are discussed. Application of WALDMANN'S moment method to the Fokker-Planck equation yields a set of coupled linear differential equations (transport-relaxation equations) for certain local mean values. The constitutive laws for diffusion, heat conduction by Brownian particles and spin diffusion are deduced from the transport-relaxation equations. The transport-relaxations coefficients appearing in them are given in terms of the two friction coefficients for the damping of translational and rotational motions and a third coefficient which is a measure of the transverse force. By the coupling of translational and rotational motions a diffusion flow gives rise to a correlation of linear and angular velocities.
A possible biological role of the electron transfer between tyrosine and tryptophan (1992)

Experiments have demonstrated that four tryptophan residues are located near the tetrodotoxin binding site in Na+ channels, and that conserved tyrosine and tryptophan residues are located in the pore-forming region of voltage-sensitive K+ channels. This paper proposes an activation mechanism involving electron transfer between these residues. The K+ channel may be closed by four tyrosine residues forming hydrogen bonds with each other. After electron transfer, these hydrogen bonds will be broken, thereby opening the channel. The Na+ channel could be activated by a similar mechanism. This idea can be tested directly by observing tyrosine or tryptophan radicals when the channels are in the open state.
View reconstruction for 3-D video entertainment: issues, algorithms and applications (1999)

Significant advances in stereoscopic imaging have lead to viable applications in medicine, teleoperation and in entertainment. Although the stereoscopic technology is still mostly analog, the migration to the digital domain is inevitable. Such a migration creates new challenges for stereoscopic video entertainment, but at the same time offers new opportunities. One particular challenge is the reconstruction of intermediate views (between the left and right cameras), that finds various applications. Several algorithms aiming at high-quality view reconstruction, developed at INRS, are described, and their relative merits are discussed. Since a practical implementation requires low complexity, results of a study of various models and parameters aiming at computational simplicity are reported.
Joint Texture and Topography Estimation for Extended Depth of Field in Brightfield Microscopy (2006)

Brightfield microscopy often suffers from limited depth of field, which prevents thick specimens from being imaged entirely in-focus. By optically sectioning the specimen, the in-focus regions can be acquired over multiple images. Extended depth of field methods aim at combining the information from these images into a single in-focus image of the texture on the specimen's surface. The topography provided by these methods is limited to a map of the selected in-focus image for every pixel and is inherently discretized, which limits its use for quantitative evaluation. In this paper, we propose a joint texture and topography estimation, based on an image formation model for a thick specimen incorporating the point spread function. The problem is stated as a least-squares fitting where the texture and the topography are updated alternately. The method also acts as a deconvolution operation when the in-focus image has some blur left, or when the true in-focus position falls in-between two slices. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated with simulated and experimental results
Initialization‐Free Multilevel States Driven by Spin–Orbit Torque Switching (2017)

By engineering multidomain formation in Co/Pt multilayers, it is demonstrated how multilevel storage can be achieved by spin-orbit torque switching. It is rather remarkable that, by modulating the writing pulse conditions, the final magnetization states can be controlled, independent of the initial configurations. The initialization-free multilevel memory advances the spin-orbit-torque magnetic random access memory to higher storage density for practical applications.
General Management (2016)

General management is a comprehensive term describing the responsibilities of organizational positions and the behavioural roles of those filling them. Although general management positions exist in all organizational settings, including not-for-profit organizations and government agencies, for-profit organizations are our focus. However, this focus does not preclude the potential applicability of our arguments within other settings. To explain general management, we examine the responsibilities and tasks required to fulfil management roles. In doing so, we seek to illuminate how theoretical and empirical research informs general managers’ decision-making efforts, many of which are concerned with positioning a firm for competitive success in dynamic and complex global marketplaces. We conclude by briefly considering the debate regarding the professionalization of management, using the context of managerial roles to do so. We seek to make two primary contributions: (1) developing an integration of a firm’s strategy, leadership and operations with managerial roles by hierarchical level, and (2) informing the current debate about the professionalism of management.
Predicting the Behavior of Solar Dynamic Closed Brayton Cycle Power Conversion Systems (1988)

Since space power conversion systems must operate both in the sun and in the earth’s shadow, they seldom encounter design operating conditions. As a consequence, consideration of off-design performance is essential in the preliminary design of these systems. To illustrate the necessity and utility of an off-design system model, this paper presents the results of a study of the solar dynamic closed Brayton cycle power conversion system for use on the NASA Space Station.
On the potential of channel selection for recognition of reverberated speech with multiple microphones (2010)

The performance of ASR systems in a room environment with distant microphones is strongly affected by reverberation.As the degree of signal distortion varies among acoustic channels (i.e.microphones), the recognition accuracy can benefit from a proper channel selection.In this paper, we experimentally show that there exists a large margin for WER reduction by channel selection, and discuss several possible methods which do not require any a-priori classification.Moreover, by using a LVCSR task, a significant WER reduction is shown with a simple technique which uses a measure computed from the sub-band time envelope of the various microphone signals.
SARMApp: Search and Rescue Mapping Application (2010)

In Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, the search team must know how to scan their search area efficiently with limited resources. Advances in mobile technology are driving the rapid growth of location based services (LBS) and this dissertation project investigates the feasibility of an LBS to support SAR operations. The LBS requires the ability to locate search team members, perform visibility analysis on-the-fly, and dynamically convey this information back to the user on a variety of mobile devices.\n\tThe SARMApp (Search And Rescue Mapping Application) LBS is developed with the objective of providing proof of concept for such an application. SARMApp is implemented with a thin client architecture and the feasibility of visibility analysis for a single observation point, along with the feasibility of cumulative visibility analysis are investigated and performed to varying degrees of success. On the other hand, temporal cumulative visibility analysis is currently considered infeasible with the technologies investigated. The development and subsequent testing of SARMApp highlights a number of strengths and weaknesses in relation to geolocation performance , visibility analysis performance, the effectiveness of a web map and the usability of the user interface.\n\t It is concluded that SARMApp provides sufficient proof of concept that mobile technology could be used effectively to support SAR operations, however more work would be required if the application were to be used in a real-life SAR operation. In future it is anticipated that with further advances in technology, the envisaged SAR application will become more feasible and LBS could play a large role in SAR operations by increasing the efficiency of search operations and potentially saving lives as a result of this.