gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Design of a 35-GHz Hybrid π-Network High-Gain Phase Shifter With 360° Continuous Phase Shifting (2021)

This paper presents the analysis and design of a 35-GHz high-gain phase shifter with 360° continuous phase shifting. To enhance the phase shift range, a hybrid π-network realized by combining the electrical tuning through capacitors and magnetic tuning through transformers is developed. The phase shift modules are inserted between the vertically stacking transistors to achieve the embedded phase shifting with the minimum loss. Furthermore, the Gm stages offer additional signal gain to suppress attenuation in the passive phase shifter. The capacitive neutralization technique is utilized to further increase the gain and enhance stability. This prototype, fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process, demonstrates a 360° continuous phase shift with a maximum gain of 25.6 dB and a minimum noise figure of 4.1 dB. It consumes 26-mW power with a supply voltage of 0.9 V and 1.25 mm × 0.75 mm chip area.
The Reaction of Chlorine Dioxide with Triethylamine in Aqueous Solution<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Chlorine Dioxide with Triethylamine in Aqueous Solution1David H. Rosenblatt, Albert J. Hayes Jr., Bernice L. Harrison, Richard A. Streaty, and Kenneth A. MooreCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 10, 2790–2794Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01045a072RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views485Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (674 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Mobile interactive hologram verification (2013)

Verification of paper documents is an important part of checking a person's identity, authorization for access or simply establishing a trusted currency. Many documents such as passports or paper bills include holograms or other view-dependent elements that are difficult to forge and therefore are used to verify the genuineness of that document. View-dependent elements change their appearance based both on viewing direction and dominant light sources, thus it requires special knowledge and training to accurately distinguish original elements from forgeries. We present an interactive application for mobile devices that integrates the recognition of the documents with the interactive verification of view-dependent elements. The system recognizes and tracks the paper document, provides user guidance for view alignment and presents a stored image of the element's appearance depending on the current view of the document also recording user decisions. We describe how to model and capture the underlying spatially varying BRDF representation of view-dependent elements. Furthermore, we evaluate this approach within a user study and demonstrate that such a setup captures images that are recognizable and that can be correctly verified.
Extractable energy from ytterbium-doped high-energy pulsed fiber amplifiers and lasers (2006)

An analytic model is developed to evaluate the extractable energy from high-energy pulsed ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers and lasers. The energy extraction capabilities under the limitation of spurious lasing, due to amplified spontaneous emission, are mapped for various numerical apertures, single- and multitransverse-mode evolution, and operating wavelengths. The calculation results of the analytic model show a good match with experimental results carried out for various double-clad fiber amplifiers. The model provides an accurate assessment for the maximum pulse energy that can be extracted from a given ytterbium-doped fiber. In addition, for a specific pump power, the model can be used to determine the minimum repetition rate and optimal length, under which the laser source can be operated before spurious lasing occurs.
Screening models using multiple markers for early detection of late-onset preeclampsia in low-risk pregnancy (2014)

The combination of the PAPP-A level and the second trimester sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, and the combination of the second trimester sFlt-1 level with body mass index, were better predictors of late-onset preeclampsia than any individual marker.
EFFECT OF PRIMARY METABOLITES ON SECONDARY METABOLISM (1977)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Viral DNA and mRNA expression correlate with the stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection in humans: evidence for viral replication in all stages of HIV disease (1992)

Studies of cultivatable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from plasma samples from infected patients have shown a correspondence between increasing viral burden and disease progression, but these measurements are selective and thus nonrepresentative of the in vivo viral load. Quantitation of proviral DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction in purified CD4+ T cells has shown a similar relationship but does not provide a measure of viral gene expression. We have studied viral DNA, genomic RNA, and spliced mRNA expression of HIV-1 in infected patients with a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Viral RNA expression is detected in all stages of infection. These data show that the natural history of HIV infection is associated with a shift in the balance of viral expression favoring the production of genomic RNA without a preceding period of true viral latency.
An automatic tool for thoracic aorta segmentation and 3D geometric analysis (2015)

The present study aims at expanding the knowledge in the field of stent-graft behaviour in patients affected by thoracic aortic pathologies, imaged before and after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) with a 4D computed tomographic (CT) angiography that allows time-resolved image visualisation. We therefore developed an automatic tool to track the changes in distensibility and elongation experienced by the aorta during the cardiac cycle. The tool permitted to lower the work-load and the variability during the measurements acquisition. Analysis of geometric quantities leaded to some interesting findings; a major observation concerns the fact that the thoracic aorta experiences high aortic changes in both distensibility and elongation. Distensibility was preserved or increased after TEVAR. Elongation was not preserved after TEVAR in the segments covered with the stent-graft, it instead increased in the segments proximal to the stent-graft. Additional studies need to be addressed.
Global transformations of nonlinear systems (1983)

Recent results have established necessary and sufficient conditions for a nonlinear system of the form <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\dot{x}(t) = f(x(t))-u(t)g(x(t))</tex> . with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">f(0) = 0</tex> , to be locally equivalent in a neighborhood of the origin in R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> to a controllable linear system. We combine these results with several versions of the global inverse function theorem to prove sufficient conditions for the transformation of a nonlinear system to a linear system. In doing so we introduce a technique for constructing a transformation under the assumptions that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">{g\ldot[f\dotg],...,(ad^{n-1}f\ldotg)}</tex> span an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -dimensional space and that <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">{g\ldot[f\ldot g],...,(ad^{n-2}f\ldotg)}</tex> is an involutive set.
Vector Alignment in Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis (2006)

Maxillary distraction osteogenesis is an alternative treatment of cleft patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia. The aim of this paper is to present the combined surgical/orthodontic treatment of a cleft lip and palate patient and to evaluate the maxillary distraction procedure and the distraction vector in high Le Fort I osteotomy.
Retention Model for High-Density ReRAM (2012)

A retention model for both the high resistance state and low resistance state of the bipolar ReRAM is developed. Degradation of resistance is caused by the oxygen vacancy profile in filament changing due to oxygen diffusion.
Numerical Approach for Improving the Conversion Characteristics of Exhaust Catalysts Under Warming-Up Condition (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Transient temperature and concentration distribution inside a catalytic converter during warm-up have been analyzed by experiments and numerical simulation. There is great maldistribution of species concentrations inside a converter during warm-up. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) have high concentrations in the exhaust gas passing through outer region cells because they are not converted due to low wall temperature.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The effects of the noble metal loading pattern on conversion characteristics during warm-up have been investigated by numerical simulation. The effects of high-loading on improving conversion characteristics are saturated with the loading quantity of six times that of the base-loading. High-loading of the noble metal only on the frontal region (20 or 30mm. from the front face) has almost the same warming-up conversion performance as the uniform high-loading.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Finally, a new loading pattern that improves conversion characteristics is suggested based on the above results. The quantity of noble metal loaded was six times on the outer region of frontal part, the same on the inner region of frontal part and one-half on the rest as that of the base-loading. This catalytic converter has the same total amount of noble metal loading as the uniform base-loading and shows higher conversion efficiency during warm-up.</div>
Intramolecular Chimeras of the p51 Subunit between HIV-1 and FIV Reverse Transcriptases Suggest a Stabilizing Function for the p66 Subunit in the Heterodimeric Enzyme (1999)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) is a heterodimeric enzyme composed of a 66 kDa (p66) and a 51 kDa (p51) subunit. Recently we showed that p51 plays an important role in the conformation of p66 within the HIV-1 RT heterodimer and hence appears to influence its catalytic activities [Amacker, M., and H ubscher, U. (1998) J. Mol. Biol. 278, 757-765]. This was further investigated here via construction of three intramolecular chimeras of HIV-1 and FIV RTs. The first 25 and 112 amino acids of the N terminus, respectively, as well as the last 22 amino acids of the C terminus in the p51 subunit of HIV-1 RT were exchanged with the corresponding regions of the FIV RT and combined with the wild-type HIV-1 p66. Characterization of these chimeric RT heterodimers demonstrated significant biochemical differences in (i) DNA-dependent DNA synthesis, (ii) strand displacement DNA synthesis, and (iii) RNase H activity. Our results indicate that both the N and C termini of HIV-1 RT p51 appear to be important in stabilizing the RT heterodimer for enzymatic functions.
Relationship between β cell injury and antigen presentation in NOD mice (1995)

We have made three observations that are important for our understanding of the dynamics of presentation of diabetogenic Ags in immunologically induced diabetes. First, the APC in the islets of Langerhans were found normally to contain diabetogenic peptides on their I-Ag7 molecules. This was found in freshly harvested islet cells from prediabetic NOD mice and, importantly, from NOD.SCID mice. Second, the presence of diabetogenic lymphocytes improved the presenting function of intra-islet APC. We interpret this to mean that lymphocytes can regulate intra-islet APC function before the development of diabetes. Finally, spleen APC can be found bearing diabetogenic Ag after acute injury to islets. These APC may be important in lymphocyte stimulation outside the environment of the pancreas.
TWO VERSIONS OF QUASI-NEWTON METHOD FOR MULTIDIMENSIONAL INVERSE SCATTERING PROBLEM (1993)

Suppose that a medium with slowly changing spatial properties is enclosed in a bounded 3-dimensional domain and is subjected to a scattering by plane waves of a fixed frequency. Let measurements of the wave scattering field induced by this medium be available in the region outside of this domain. We study how to extract the properties of the medium from the information contained in the measurements. We are concerned with the weak scattering case of the above inverse scattering problem (ISP), that is, the unknown. spatial variations of the medium are assumed to be close to a constant. Examples can be found in the studies of the wave propagation in oceans, in the atmosphere, and in some biological media. Since the problems are nonlinear, the methods for their linearization (the Born approximation) have been developed. However, such an approach often does not produce good results. In our method, the Born approximation is just the first iteration and further iterations improve the identification by an order of magnitude. The iterative sequence is defined in the framework of a Quasi-Newton method. Using the measurements of the scattering field from a carefully chosen set of directions we are able to recover (finitely many) Fourier coefficients of the sought parameters of the model. Numerical experiments for the scattering from coaxial circular cylinders as well as for simulated data are presented.
Andreev spectrum of a Josephson junction with spin-split superconductors (2016)

The Andreev bound states and charge transport in a Josephson junction between two superconductors with intrinsic exchange fields are studied. We find that for a parallel configuration of the exchange fields in the superconductors the discrete spectrum consists of two pairs of spin-split states. The Josephson current in this case is mainly carried by bound states. In contrast, for the antiparallel configuration we find that there is no spin-splitting of the bound states and that for phase differences smaller than a certain critical value there are no bound states at all. Hence the supercurrent is only carried by states in the continuous part of the spectrum. Our predictions can be tested by performing a tunneling spectroscopy of a weak link between two spin-split superconductors.
Room-temperature self-organised In <sub>0.5</sub> Ga <sub>0.5</sub> As quantum dot laser on silicon (2005)

The first room-temperature operation of In0.5Ga0.5As quantum dot lasers grown directly on Si substrates with a thin (≤2 µm) GaAs buffer layer is reported. The devices are characterised by Jth∼1500 A/cm2, output power >50 mW, and large T0 (244 K) and constant output slope efficiency (≥0.3 W/A) in the temperature range 5–95°C.
Continuously tunable, 6–14 μm silver-gallium selenide optical parametric oscillator pumped at 1.57 μm (1997)

An angle tuned silver gallium selenide (AgGaSe2) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), pumped by the fixed wavelength 1.57 μm output of a noncritically phase-matched KTiOPO4 OPO, yielded radiation continuously tunable from 6 to 14 μm. Energies of up to 1.2 mJ/pulse with bandwidths of ∼5 cm−1 (full width at half-maximum) were obtained using a 6.5×6.5×35.3 mm long, type I AgGaSe2 crystal.
Probabilistic Exposure Analysis for Chemical Risk Characterization (2009)

This paper summarizes the state of the science of probabilistic exposure assessment (PEA) as applied to chemical risk characterization. Current probabilistic risk analysis methods applied to PEA are reviewed. PEA within the context of risk-based decision making is discussed, including probabilistic treatment of related uncertainty, interindividual heterogeneity, and other sources of variability. Key examples of recent experience gained in assessing human exposures to chemicals in the environment, and other applications to chemical risk characterization and assessment, are presented. It is concluded that, although improvements continue to be made, existing methods suffice for effective application of PEA to support quantitative analyses of the risk of chemically induced toxicity that play an increasing role in key decision-making objectives involving health protection, triage, civil justice, and criminal justice. Different types of information required to apply PEA to these different decision contexts are identified, and specific PEA methods are highlighted that are best suited to exposure assessment in these separate contexts.
Comprehensive reliability evaluation of a 90 nm CMOS technology with Cu/PECVD low-k BEOL (2004)

Integration and development of Cu Back-End of Line (BEOL) with PECVD low-k organosilicate glass (OSG, also called SiCOH, carbon-doped oxide, CDO, etc.) for 130 nm and 90 nm CMOS technologies has been reported by a number of institutions. Here we report on a Cu/SiCOH technology which has similarities, but also enhanced integration and reliability characteristics while preserving the R and C performance levels. These enhancements have led to excellent reliability results reported here, and are expected to increase the robustness to high-volume manufacturing and extendibility to next-generation smaller dimensions. The SiCOH and cap mechanical, chemical, and electrical strengths are increased, as well as associated interfacial adhesions. These combine with an optimized Cu metallization. As chip-package reliability is most at risk for low-k dielectrics, improvements have been brought into the BEOL level structure, the kerf design, and in some cases new packaging materials. When combined with the dielectric material and interface improvements, redundancy exists in the protection against potential chip-packaging failures. No failures occur in the full rounds of chip-package reliability stress testing done here on multiple wirebond and flip-chip packages. These packaging and other reliability results are presented, including BEOL-specific tests [electromigration (E-M), stress-migration (S-M), time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB), thermal cycling (T/C)], environmental [temperature-humidity-bias (THB)], and functional stressing of product modules. The stress criteria and results exceeded JEDEC standards. All Cu/SiCOH tests passed at the same levels as our concurrent 90 nm Cu/SiOF technology.
Interference Alignment — A New Look at Signal Dimensions in a Communication Network (2011)

This monograph introduces to the reader the idea of interference alignment, traces its origins, reviews a variety of interference alignment schemes, summarizes the diverse settings where the idea of interference alignment is applicable and highlights the common principles that cut across these diverse applications. The focus is on theoretical aspects.
Detection of O6-Monoacetylmorphine in Urine Samples by GC/MS as Evidence for Heroin Use (1985)

A method for qualitative and quantitative detection of nanogram amounts of O6-monoacetylmorphine (MAM) in urine samples of heroin abusers is presented. The detection of MAM is based on the alkaline solid phase extraction of the urine samples using an octadecyl column and transformation into the pentafluoropropionyl (PFP) derivatives. PFP-MAM is separated by capillary GC and identified mass spectrometrically by selected ion monitoring (SIM). The determination of the MAM levels was carried out by quantitative GC/SIM using nalorphine as the internal standard. A positive identification of MAM allows one to distinguish between a previous intake of heroin (or theoretically MAM) on the one hand, and an ingestion of morphine, codeine, opium, or poppy seed on the other.
Photoformation and structure of oxygen anion radicals (O2-) and nitrogen-containing anion radicals adsorbed on highly dispersed titanium oxide anchored onto porous Vycor glass (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoformation and structure of oxygen anion radicals (O2-) and nitrogen-containing anion radicals adsorbed on highly dispersed titanium oxide anchored onto porous Vycor glassMasakazu Anpo, Norikazu Aikawa, Yutaka Kubokawa, Michel Che, Catherine Louis, and Elio GiamelloCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 26, 5689–5694Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100272a023https://doi.org/10.1021/j100272a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views259Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Development of an Electronic System for Detecting Heliothis spp. Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Transferring Incident Information from the Field to a Computer (1989)

Journal Article Development of an Electronic System for Detecting Heliothis spp. Moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Transferring Incident Information from the Field to a Computer Get access D. E. Hendricks D. E. Hendricks Subtropical Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Weslaco, Texas 78596 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 82, Issue 2, 1 April 1989, Pages 675–684, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/82.2.675 Published: 01 April 1989 Article history Received: 02 May 1988 Accepted: 21 October 1988 Published: 01 April 1989