gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
젠더 비평: 메타 비평으로서의 고전 독해 -고전 서사의 젠더 비평적 독해를 위한 방법론적 고찰- (2006)

젠더적 관점으로 `고전` 텍스트를 다루는 작업은 여성의 문화적 지위에 대한 역사적 이해가 선행되어야 하고, `문학`에 대한 당대적 개념이나 인식이 현재와는 현저히 달랐던 과거의 관점에 대한 `시선`과 `입장`을 전제로 성립한다는 점에서 문학 연구자로 하여금 문학과 문학사에 대한 근본적 문제제기를 하도록 요청한다. 젠더 비평의 방법론이 분석적 도구로서의 갖는 유용성은 주변화된 형태로 서술되거나 중심인물의 서사를 전개시키기 위해 부수적으로 동원된 인물들, 소수자들이 텍스트 내에 배치되는 방식에 미친 사회, 역사적 동인들을 적극적으로 규명하는 작업을 수반한다는 점에서 텍스트 분석의 영역을 확대한다는 의미를 포괄한다. 이러한 작업은 필연적으로 문학의 개념에 대한 재정의와 문학사 기술의 문제에 관한 근본적인 문제제기에서 비롯된다는 점에서 비평 행위와 그것의 실천적 장에 관한 재정의를 수반하게 된다. 젠더 비평의 과정은 텍스트를 작가나 편저자, 그리고 향유층의 `의도`와 `반응`대로 읽지 않는다는 점에서, 즉 그들과는 다른 감수성과 판단으로 독해하고, 이를 통해 문학이 당대 문화에서 갖는 `위치`를 분별해 내고, 문학 자체의 역사적 변천 과정에 관해 성찰한다는 점에서 `메타 비평`의 영역을 점유한다. 젠더 비평적 방법은 고전 텍스트에서 타자화된 시선의 존재 형태와 타자화하는 문화적 맥락과 이데올로기적 지형을 판독해 냄으로써, 궁극적으로는 `문학-문화`, `상상-이데올로기`의 관계가 현대적으로 재생산 되는 방향에 대한 반성의 가능성을 제시해 준다. 그 과정에서 문학사에서 배제된 `여성 문학`의 자료를 발굴하거나 그 안에 담긴 `여성성`의 의미를 해석하는 것은 `고전`의 영역을 재편하는 문학사적 기술의 문제로 제한되지 않으며, 궁극적으로는 `여성성`의 가치 생산을 통해 삶의 조건과 역사에 대한 사색의 길을 개방한다는 의미를 확보한다. 젠더적 관점에서 문학사를 독해하는 데 필요한 것은 서구적 자료에 근간하여 성립한 이론에 의존하는 대신 한국문학사 자료를 바탕으로 여성적 표상 체계의 지형도를 재구하는 작업일 것이며, 문학사에서 소외된 여성 작품을 소개하는 데서 나아가 그것을 `작품`으로 성립시키는 `작가적 역량`과 가치들에 대한 성찰을 수반해야 한다는 점이다. 이와 아울러 은폐되거나 억압된, 혹은 타자화되어 존재하는 `여성적 목소리`의 의미를 적극적으로 독해함으로써, `고전`의 영역을 창조적으로 갱신하는 데 기여해야 하는 것이다.
Synergy of Mecillinam (FL1060) with Penicillins and Cephalosporins Against <i>Proteus</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> , with Observations on Combinations with Other Antibiotics and Against Other Bacterial Species (1976)

Thirty-five strains each of Klebsiella and Proteus were tested for susceptibility to mecillinam alone and in combination with ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, and cefazolin. Antibiotics were considered to be synergistic when there was a >/=fourfold reduction in minimum inhibiting concentration of both antibiotics in the combination as compared with that of each antibiotic alone. Synergy of mecillinam with ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, and cefazolin was demonstrated against 2, 3, 7, and 8 of the 35 strains of Klebsiella and against 14, 14, 19, and 24 of the 35 strains of Proteus, respectively. Synergy against the isolates of Proteus was related to species, whereas against Klebsiella it was related to susceptibility of the isolates to mecillinam. Tests of combinations of mecillinam with other antibiotics on the same and different species indicated that synergy was related to the antibiotic, the species, and the strains of organisms tested.
A basic study on autonomous characterization of square array machining cells for agile manufacturing (2000)

In this study, a manufacturing system locating machining cells in a square array is considered as an agile manufacturing system that can manufacture a variety of kinds of products with varying volumes. Each cell can process any work whose machining operations for each work are divided into some operation groups common to all works. An auction-based algorithm is proposed to select a cell to process a work after its processing of one operation group. Five types of bid are considered and their effects on the characterization of cells, i.e., concentration on the processing of specific work kinds and operation groups, are investigated.
Anti-platelet Aggregation and Anti-blood Coagulation Activities of Dipicolinic Acid, a Sporal Component of Bacillus Subtilis Natto (2005)

The effects on blood coagulation of dipicolinic acid (DPA, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid), an antibacterial substance known to be produced by Bacillus subtilis natto and contained in natto, a traditional Japanese fermented soybean food, were studied. It was found that addition of DPA with a final concentration of 5×10-3M results in substantial inhibition of platelet aggregation. DPA inhibition was found to be far stronger than that resulting from addition of aspirin. Furthermore, the clotting reaction of thrombin-fibrinogen was also found to be inhibited by DPA. It was confirmed by examination of thromboelastogram patterns that the coagulation of whole rat blood was completely inhibited by addition of 5×10-3M DPA. From the point of view of the blood coagulation system, these results show that DPA contained in natto may be effective in the prevention of thrombosis.
Effect of the type of radical initiator on crosslinking of polypropylene (1982)

Abstract Crosslinking efficiency of isotactic polypropylene was studied as a function of the initiator used and of the reaction temperature. The decomposition rate of the initiator was found to be of prime importance for attaining the gel point. The over‐all efficiency of the process is strongly influenced also by the type of the formed primary radicals and the reaction temperature. The ratio of the number of broken and newformed bonds determined according to the Charlesby‐Pinner equation was found to be about 0.15 at high stationary macroradical concentration in the reaction system.
One-Year Follow-Up After Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Treatment in Middle-Aged Female Rats With Stroke (2007)

The beneficial effects of BMSCs on ischemic brain tissue persisted for at least 1 year. Most surviving BMSCs were present in the ischemic brain, but very few were found in other organs. The long-term improvement in functional outcome may be related to the structural and molecular changes induced by BMSCs.
Synthesis and Reactivities of Neutral and Cationic Indenyl−Palladium Complexes (2005)

The complexes [(1-R-Ind)Pd(PPh3)Me] (R = H (3), Me (4)), [(1-R-Ind)Pd(PPh3)2]BF4 (R = H (5[BF4]), Me (6)), and [(1-R-Ind)Pd(PPh3)(OSO2CF3)] (R = H (7), Me (8)) have been prepared by reacting their corresponding Pd−Cl derivatives with MeMgCl, AgBF4/PPh3, and AgOTf, respectively. These complexes have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and, in the case of 3, 5[BF4], 6 and 7, by X-ray crystallography. The triflate moiety in complexes 7 and 8 is displaced readily by various ligands to give [(1-R-Ind)Pd(PPh3)L][OTf] (L = PPh3 (5[OTf]), PMe3 (9), CH3CN (10), PhCN (11), t-BuNC (12)). Reactions of 7 or 8 with various olefins result in isomerization (1-hexene), dimerization and/or trimerization (ethylene, styrene, and p-fluorostyrene), oligomerization (p-amino- and p-methylstyrene), or polymerization (p-methoxystyrene). Compounds 1−8 promote the addition of HSiCl3 to styrene and phenylacetylene.
Core−Shell Molecular Bottlebrushes with Helical Polypeptide Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, and Solution Conformations (2011)

A series of core-shell molecular bottlebrushes with helical polypeptide backbone and polylactide-b-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer side chains [PPLG-g-(PLA-b-PEG)] have been synthesized via a grafting-to method. The structurally well-defined side chains with low molecular weight distribution (PDI < 1.03) have been synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of dl-lactides using PEG-OH macroinitiator and AlEt3 catalyst. Postpolymerization modification by esterification enables the quantitative installation of an alkynyl functionality at the block polymer chain ends. Grafting of alkynyl-terminated PLA-b-PEG onto poly(γ-azidopropyl-l- glutamate) (PAPLG) via copper-mediated [2 + 3] alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition yields the targeted molecular bottlebrushes with high grafting density under mild conditions. A combination of the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique with atomic force microscopy (AFM) has allowed for direct imaging of the synthesized molecular brushes and characterization of their molecular weight (MW) distribution. The imaged individual macromolecules demonstrate a wormlike conformation with an average length shorter than the contour length of the backbone. In agreement with the AFM observations, circular dichroism (CD) studies of PPLG-g-(PLA-b-PEG) in aqueous solution reveal that all molecular bottlebrushes retain backbones with α-helical conformations in acidic or neutral conditions. Longer side chains destabilize the helical conformations due to enhanced steric hindrance. Temperature variation can cause partial and reversible unfolding of the helical backbones. The temperature effect is greatly diminished for the bottlebrushes with longer side chains. © 2011 American Chemical Society.
Beam-turning magnet design and test for the Recirculating Linear Accelerator (1991)

We have designed and tested a system for applying a ramped vertical magnetic field for turning the electron beam in the IFR Recirculating Linear Accelerator. The field is highly uniform over two Gaussian beam radii, and can be adjusted for a large radial gradient for increased energy bandwidth. The system includes shielding of the current-carrying rods to protect the pulser from REB induced fields and to reduce the effect of REB images on the beam transport to negligible levels. The system has been tested on the IBEX accelerator with > 95% peak current transport and > 90% charge transport through a 90{degree} turn. 2 refs., 6 figs.
Inhibition of FGF-induced alphaA-crystallin promoter activity in lens epithelial explants by TGFbeta. (2000)

The stimulation of alphaA-crystallin promoter activity by FGF is consistent with its role in inducing accumulation of crystallins in explants. The blocking effect of TGFbeta on this process, even at a concentration too low to induce obvious pathologic changes, indicates the potential for TGFbeta to disturb alphaA-crystallin gene expression during early fiber differentiation.
Cardioprotective Effect of Apelin-13 on Cardiac Performance and Remodeling in End-Stage Heart Failure (2011)

Exogenous apelin-13 may ameliorate cardiac dysfunction and remodeling and restore apelin/APJ expression in DS rats with end-stage HF. Thus, apelin-13 may have significant therapeutic potential for end-stage HF.
Algebraically decaying modes of dielectric planar waveguides (1995)

We show analytically that, at a critical point where the effective refractive index of a mode coincides with the bulk index of a substrate region, for certain graded-index planar waveguides there exists a family of bound modes with algebraic (power-law) tails in the evanescent field.
Purification and characterization of testicular transferrin secreted by rat Sertoli cells (1984)

Sertoli cells synthesize and secrete a transferrin-like protein (testicular transferrin) [Skinner & Griswold (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 1923-1925]. The purpose of the present study was to purify and characterize testicular transferrin and to compare it with serum transferrin. Testicular transferrin was obtained from the medium of cultured rat Sertoli cells, whereas serum transferrin was obtained from rat serum. Both proteins were purified with the use of phenyl-Sepharose hydrophobic chromatography and transferrin immunoaffinity chromatography. The purified proteins were shown to have similar molecular masses (75 000 Da) and amino acid compositions. The pattern of tryptic peptides from testicular and serum transferrin were found to be essentially the same when analysed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. The carbohydrate composition of both transferrins was determined by several colorimetric assays and g.l.c. Testicular transferrin, isolated from cell culture medium, had increased amounts of glucose, galactose and glucosamine. Serum transferrin that was incubated with cell culture medium also had a large amount of associated glucose. The results show that testicular transferrin and serum transferrin are structurally very similar and are possibly products of the same gene expressed in two different tissues, the testis and liver. However, the amount of carbohydrate associated with these two proteins is different.
Meniscal Arrow (1998)

Because the “all-inside” meniscal repair technique is technically difficult, a new all-inside meniscal repair system that minimizes operative time and minimizes the risk of neurovascular damage has been developed. The Bionx meniscal arrow* (Bionx Implants Inc, Blue Bell, PA, U.S.A.) is made of a self-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid material. It features a T-handle head and a 1.1-mm diameter stem. The arrows come in different lengths allowing repair in different parts of the meniscus. The arrows have been shown to have a pull-out strength similar to a horizontal Maxon stitch in a bovine model. The technique for meniscal arrow insertion is presented in this article.
Evaluation of Glare as a Hazard for General Aviation Pilots on Final Approach (2015)

Solar power is a growing source of energy for airports and for their communities. While solar power panels provide a useful means to generate revenue and to provide energy locally, it does pose a potential hazard in the form of glare. In the current study, pilots were exposed to glare during a series of flights in a flight simulator, and their perceived impairment was recorded. During the approach phase of each flight, the authors simulated glare from one of four possible angles (0, 25, 50, and 90 deg left of straight ahead) and for glare durations of either 0 (no glare control), 1, and 5 s. The glare was simulated using halogen lamps that, under the lighting conditions of the lab, approximated the visual effect of solar glare. Subjective measures of impairment were recorded for each condition. There was a significant main effect of glare duration and a significant main effect of glare angle. Impairment was perceived as being worse for glare sources that are straight ahead of the pilot and of longer duration, with a gradual decline in impairment as the glare source moves toward the side of the pilot. However, there was no significant interaction between glare duration and of glare angle.
Corotated SPH for Deformable Solids (2009)

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a powerful technique for the animation of natural phenomena. While early SPH approaches in Computer Graphics have mainly been concerned with liquids or gases, recent research also focuses on the dynamics of deformable solids using SPH. In this paper, we present a novel corotational SPH formulation for deformable solids. The rigid body modes are extracted from the deformation field which allows to use a linear strain tensor. In contrast to previous rotationally invariant meshless approaches, we show examples using coplanar and collinear particle data sets. The presented approach further allows for a unified meshfree representation of deformable solids and fluids. This enables the animation of sophisticated phenomena, such as phase transitions. The versatility and the efficiency of the presented SPH scheme for deformable solids is illustrated in various experiments.
지구촌 시대의 "환경을 위한 교육"의 개념적 모형의 재정립 (2003)

환경교육에 대한 인식의 지평이 확대되면서, 최근에는 지속가능한 개발에 대한 요구 즉 지속가능성을 위한 교육이 세계적으로 수용되는 것과 함께, 환경교육에 대한 문헌에서 특히‘환경을 위한 교육’의 결정적 중요성에 훨씬 증대된 초점이 모아지고 있다. 이처럼 국내외에서 인류의 생존과 미래를 위한 환경교육에 대한 관심이 더욱 고조되고 학교교육에서도 환경교육은 보다 강화되고 있는 시점에서 정보화, 세계화, 개방화된 지구촌 시대에 적합한‘환경을 위한 교육’의 개념의 재정립이 요구되고 있다. 현대의 지구촌 시대에‘환경을 위한 교육’을 위해서는 새로운 대안적 세계관이 모색되어야 하고, 외적 조건으로서 자연환경에 대한 체계적 이해, 환경속에서의 심성의 개발과 환경윤리의 모색 그리고 사회 및 정치현상과 긴밀하게 연결된 참여와 실천이 있어야 한다. 그러면서도 모색된 세계관, 윤리관 등 모든 것들을 고정적고 결정적인 것으로 보지않고 비판적으로 볼 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 입장에서‘환경을 위한 교육’의 구성요소로서 대안적 세계관으로서 생태적 세계관, 생태적 문해력, 환경에 대한 감수성, 생태적 윤리관, 환경쟁점에의 참여, 실천과 비판, 잠정성과 비결정성을 들 수 있다.
Modeling of MODFETs (1988)

Accurate modeling of MODFETs and of certain novel structures recently proposed requires that a number of physical phenomena occurring in these devices be considered. Among these, some electron dynamic properties of the two-dimensional gas, the influence of deep levels of the doped AlGaAs layers, and the influence of the source parasitic access impedance are reviewed. The presently available models can roughly be sorted into three classes: the particle or Monte Carlo models, the two-dimensional solving methods of semiconductor equations, and the simpler one-dimensional or analytical models. After a brief review of the physical bases on which the models rely, their main capabilities and ranges of applicability are discussed. Some conclusions are drawn as to the effort which must be developed in the near future to improve MODFET modeling. It is recommended that simulations of devices such as SISFETs, multichannel structures, and pseudomorphic AlGaAs/InGaAs transistors be undertaken.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The amino acid substitutions of human α<sub>1</sub>‐antitrypsin M<sub>3</sub>, X and Z (1988)

alpha 1-Antitrypsin has been isolated from individuals with inherited genetic variants M3, X and Z. A fragmentation and peptide mapping system is described which together with amino acid and sequence analyses revealed the substitutions in M3 at 376 of Glu to Asp, in X at 204 of Glu to Lys and in the physiologically innocent Z a mutation at 213 of Val to Ala. The latter represents a second amino acid substitution in the Z protein.
Multi resolution touch panel with built-in fingerprint sensing support (2014)

In today's technology driven world, it is essential to build secure systems with low faulty behavior. Authentication is one of the primary means to gain access to secure systems. Users need to be authenticated in order to gain access to the services and sensitive information contained within the system. Due to the surge in the number of touch based smart devices, there arises a need for a compatible authentication system. Historically, fingerprints have served in its fullest capacity to establish the uniqueness of an individual's identity. It can be detected using capacitive sensing techniques. In this paper we present a novel unified device using transparent electronics for both fingerprint scan and multi-touch interaction. We discuss a high resolution transparent touch sensitive device and a read out circuit that drives the capacitive sensor array for touch interactions at low resolutions and for fingerprint sensing at higher resolutions. Using circuit simulation and custom Verilog-A model for transparent thin-film transistors, we verified that our design can sense fingerprints in 8.25 ms and detect touches in 0.6ms with an efficient power consumption of 1 mW. The results show that such a device can be realized and can serve as a very efficient means of user authentication. Furthermore, from the usability aspect, the proposed device is essential as it provides user transparent and non intrusive authentication.
Characterization of Ionic Currents in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow (2005)

This study characterized functional ion channels in cultured undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow with whole-cell patch clamp and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. Three types of outward currents were found in hMSCs, including a noise-like rapidly activating outward current inhibited by the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (I(KCa)) blocker iberiotoxin, a transient outward K(+) current (I(to)) suppressed by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and a delayed rectifier K(+) current (IK(DR))-like ether-à-go-go (eag) K(+) channel. In addition, tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current (I(Na.TTX)) and nifedipine-sensitive L-type Ca(2+) current (I(Ca.L)) were also detected in 29% and 15% hMSCs, respectively. Moreover, RT-PCR revealed the molecular evidence of high levels of mRNA for the functional ionic currents, including human MaxiK for I(KCa), Kv4.2 and Kv1.4 for I(to), heag1 for IK(DR), hNE-Na for I(Na.TTX), and CACNAIC for I(Ca.L). These results demonstrate that multiple functional ion channel currents--that is, I(KCa), I(to), heag1, I(Na.TTX), and I(Ca.L)--are expressed in hMSCs from bone marrow.
Disposal of Radioactive Sodium Waste (1978)

Operation of liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors (LMFBRs) will result in production of various quantities of radioactive sodium waste. Two methods have been developed and tested on a small scale for converting this sodium waste to inert compounds suitable for disposal. The first method is direct oxidation of the sodium after dispersal in a silica matrix. The sodium is mixed with silica and oxidized in a rotary drum reactor. The product is suitable for making glass when other stabilizing compounds are added. The second method is reaction of elemental sodium with molten sodium hydroxide at 450 degrees C and subsequent injection of steam into the melt to convert the reaction products (Na2O and NaH) to additional sodium hydroxide. The reactions are smooth and easily controlled with little danger of run-away reactions. The end product is molten sodium hydroxide which can be cast into drums for further treatment or disposal. The advantages of these two methods over more conventional aqueous processes are the elimination of aqueous wastes and the elimination of minimization of gaseous effluents.
A novel, competitive mGlu<sub>5</sub> receptor antagonist (LY344545) blocks DHPG‐induced potentiation of NMDA responses but not the induction of LTP in rat hippocampal slices (2000)

1. We have investigated the pharmacological properties of LY344545, a structurally related epimer of the broad spectrum competitive metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, LY341495. We have found that LY344545 also antagonizes competitively nearly all mGlu receptor subtypes, but with a wide spectrum of activity. The order of potency for the human receptor isoforms was mGlu(5a) (IC(50) of 5. 5+/-0.6 microM)>mGlu(2)=mGlu(3)>mGlu(1alpha)=mG lu(7)>mGlu(6)=mGlu(8). No significant mGlu(4) receptor antagonist activity was detected at the highest concentration used (100 microM). 100 microM LY344545 displaced 50+/-5% of [(3)H]-CGP39653 binding, but less than 30% of [(3)H]-kainate or [(3)H]-AMPA in radioligand binding assays. 2. LY344545 antagonized L-glutamate stimulated Ca(2+) release in CHO cells transfected with mGlu receptors in a concentration dependent manner with a 10 fold higher affinity for the rat mGlu(5a) receptor (K:(i)=2.1+/-0.6 microM) compared to the rat mGlu(1alpha) receptor (K:(i)=20.5+/-2.1 microM). 50 microM (1S, 3R)-ACPD-induced Ca(2+) rises in hippocampal CA1 neurones were also antagonized (IC(50)=6. 8+/-0.7 microM). 3. LY344545 antagonized 10 microM (S)-3,5-DHPG-induced potentiation of NMDA depolarizations in CA1 neurones (EC(50)=10. 6+/-1.0 microM). At higher concentrations (> or =100 microM), LY344545 was an NMDA receptor antagonist. 4. LY344545 also blocked the induction, but not the expression, of LTP at CA3 to CA1 synapses with an IC(50)>300 microM. This effect is consistent with its weak activity at NMDA receptors. 5. These results demonstrate that the binding of ligands to mGlu receptor subtypes is critically dependent on the spatial orientation of the same molecular substituents within a given chemical pharmacophore. The identification of LY344545 as the first competitive antagonist to show selectivity towards mGlu(5) receptors supports the potential to design more selective and potent competitive antagonists of this receptor. 6. These results further indicate that mGlu receptor-mediated potentiation of NMDA responses is not essential for the induction of LTP.
La Función Tutorial: una necesidad en el contexto sanitario, ¿están formados los profesionales sanitarios para ello? (2011)

Objetivo principal: Conocer y analizar la formacion de los tutores para el desarrollo de la funcion tutorial en el contexto sanitario de la Region de Murcia, ademas de obtener y describir distintas propuestas para la mejora de dicha formacion.
Metodologia: Diseno, administracion y analisis del cuestionario Analisis de Funciones del Tutor Sanitario.
Resultados principales: Aunque constatamos como el 67,9% de los participantes afirma actualizar su formacion como tutor, curiosamente la ultima accion formativa a la que han asistido, relacionada con la funcion tutorial, es el estudio de su propia especialidad con un 32,1%.
Conclusion principal: Es necesario facilitar el desarrollo docente continuo de los tutores. En un primer momento, la formacion que requiere un tutor debe relacionarse con las principales funciones que se le atribuyen, reguladas en el R.D. 183/2008 y relacionadas con el tutor como planificador, docente, evaluador, facilitador y modelo.