gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stereospecific Binding of Propranolol and Catecholamines to the β-Adrenergic Receptor (1974)

The stereospecificity of the beta-adrenergic receptor of turkey erythrocyte ghosts was studied. Binding of the specific beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, was found to occur exclusively with the l-stereoisomer. The stereospecificity of catecholamine binding was determined by assaying the ability of the catecholamines to displace [(3)H]propranolol. Binding of the catecholamines was also found to be stereospecific for the l-stereoisomers. Furthermore, the d-stereoisomers do not compete with the l form for binding. Using this displacement technique, we were able to calculate the dissociation constants for l-epinephrine, l-norepinephrine, and l-isoproterenol from the beta-receptor and compare these values to the apparent dissociation constants obtained from the direct activation of adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) by these catecholamines.
Transparent lithium-ion batteries (2011)

Transparent devices have recently attracted substantial attention. Various applications have been demonstrated, including displays, touch screens, and solar cells; however, transparent batteries, a key component in fully integrated transparent devices, have not yet been reported. As battery electrode materials are not transparent and have to be thick enough to store energy, the traditional approach of using thin films for transparent devices is not suitable. Here we demonstrate a grid-structured electrode to solve this dilemma, which is fabricated by a microfluidics-assisted method. The feature dimension in the electrode is below the resolution limit of human eyes, and, thus, the electrode appears transparent. Moreover, by aligning multiple electrodes together, the amount of energy stored increases readily without sacrificing the transparency. This results in a battery with energy density of 10 Wh/L at a transparency of 60%. The device is also flexible, further broadening their potential applications. The transparent device configuration also allows in situ Raman study of fundamental electrochemical reactions in batteries.
Learning Representations for Detecting Abusive Language (2018)

This paper discusses the question whether it is possible to learn a generic representation that is useful for detecting various types of abusive language. The approach is inspired by recent advances in transfer learning and word embeddings, and we learn representations from two different datasets containing various degrees of abusive language. We compare the learned representation with two standard approaches; one based on lexica, and one based on dataspecific n-grams. Our experiments show that learned representations do contain useful information that can be used to improve detection performance when training data is limited.
Protein turnover in exponential and stationary phase Vibrio cells (1991)

Vibrio strain 14 supports phage alpha 3a growth in standing stationary phase cells but not in shaking (aerated) stationary phase cells. In exponential cells, protein was turned over at 1.8% h-1, and the rate was increased by starvation or inhibition of protein synthesis. In shaking stationary phase cells the rate of protein turnover was low (1.0% h-1) for proteins synthesised during growth but high (20% h-1) for recently synthesised proteins. In contrast recently synthesised proteins in standing stationary phase cells were stable over 60 min and proteins synthesised during growth were turned over at 2.9% h-1. ppGpp and pppGpp were detected in exponential cells, but were not detected in stationary phase cells.
Formation of pyridazino[6,1-c][1,4]oxazin-8(7H)-ones by intramolecular cycloaddition of azoalkenes (1987)

The hydrazides (3) and (4) of 2-allyloxyalkanoic acids (1) and of prop-2-ynyloxyacetic acid have been prepared. These hydrazides have then been converted into the hydrazones (6) and (7), respectively, by reaction with phenacyl chloride. The azoalkenes have been generated from the hydrazones by reaction with sodium carbonate. The products isolated were the pyridazino-oxazinones (8)[from (6)] and (9)[from (7)], formed by spontaneous intramolecular cycloaddition reactions of the azoalkenes. The hydrazones (6b) and (6c) with asymmetric carbon centres adjacent to the carbonyl groups each gave mixtures of diastereoisomeric oxazines but there was considerable selectivity (6 : 1) in each case. This is ascribed to steric effects in the transition states. An analogous series of conversions has been carried out with the hydrazones derived from the hydrazides (3) and (4) and ethyl bromopyruvate. N-Acetyl-N-allyiglycine hydrazide (11) has also been prepared. The hydrazones (13) formed from this hydrazide and phenacyl chloride was converted by reaction with sodium carbonate into an azoalkene which cyclised to give the pyrazino[1,2-b] pyridazin-8-one (14a).
Polymer Composition and Structural Design. Relevance to Compression Characteristics and Vibrational Damping (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymer Composition and Structural Design. Relevance to Compression Characteristics and Vibrational DampingMorris A. Mendelsohn, Robert H. Runk, Herman J. Connors, and Gerald B. RosenblattCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1971, 10, 1, 14–25Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360037a004https://doi.org/10.1021/i360037a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Untersuchungen an Picolylketonen. II. Zur Komplexbildung der 2‐Picolylketone (1963)

Abstract Die Fähigkeit der 2‐Picolylketone, Komplexverbindungen zu bilden, wird an einer Reihe oktaedrisch, eben und tetraedrisch konfigurierender Metalle überprüft und entsprechende Chelate mit Cr(III), Co(III), Fe(III), Cu(II), Pd(II), Ni(II), Co(II) und Be(II) dargestellt. Als Modellsubstanz dient dabei 2‐Picolyl‐β‐naphthylketon. Stabilitätsbetrachtungen und magnetische Messungen weisen auf starke konvalente Bindungsanteile hin. Die erhaltenen Verbindungen werden mit denen des Benzoylacetaldoxims und des Benzoylacetonimins verglichen.
Evolution of Limited Entry Multi Stage Stimulation Completion Technology for Improved Acid Stimulation in Tight Carbonate Reservoirs (2018)

Abstract Acid stimulation is an excellent method to increase hydrocarbon production and long-term formation drainage from carbonate formations. However, the stimulation effectiveness largely depends on pertinent placement method. Besides the necessity for optimized treatment design and fluid recipe, homogenous acid distribution is one of the most critical aspects for treatment success. For this purpose, a novel completion method has been deployed that allows for effective acid stimulation by maximizing formation contact in the openhole horizontal wellbore. An improved Multistage Stimulation System (MSS) that has been developed to distribute acid homogenously across the lateral is utilized, where multiple sleeves are deployed in clusters as part of a single stage, and opened with a single size ball without being limited to pump rate. It was considered imperative to have positive indications of the balls landing on the seats and the sleeves being shifted open within the zone of interest. The previous MSS system was based on severing part of the nozzles for fluid access which needed to be upgraded for better operational efficiency and production enhancement. The new completion technology is suitable for carbonate formations which are tight, heterogeneous and require stimulation to improve gas production and recovery. Wells drilled in the maximum horizontal stress direction to mitigate hole stability risks and geosteered to maximize the formation contact makes it difficult to stimulate effectively. Therefore, an improved MSS system is required to homogenously distribute the acid across the lateral during the stimulation. This novel MSS completion design was undertaken standardized, well established trial test procedure and was applied in a candidate well and included three stages where two of the stages utilized four sliding sleeves while the remaining stage was integrated with five sliding sleeves. Each stage was isolated by hydro-mechanical packers in the 5.875 in openhole. Each stage was then monitored using a new surface mounted real-time downhole monitoring system, an electronic device that enables live verification of completion operation events while being independent of pressure. The data gathered from different sources indicated that the sleeves functioned as per design. The production results exceeded the expectations. This paper describes a novel approach that enhances acid stimulation effectiveness and fulfills stimulation objectives using advanced openhole MSS completion technology. Evolution of the technology and comparison with its predecessor is discussed. It also demonstrates the use of a new surface monitoring system that supplies real time data during sleeve activations enabling clear and accurate detection of downhole events.
발목재활 운동이 태권도 선수의 손상 받은 발목에 미치는 영향 (2010)

Objective: In Taekwondo, strengthening, muscular endurance, agility, and flexibility are all important muscle functions that determine an...
Degradation of trichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene by a methanotrophic consortium in a fixed-film, packed-bed bioreactor (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegradation of trichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene by a methanotrophic consortium in a fixed-film, packed-bed bioreactorGerald W. Strandberg, Terrence L. Donaldson, and Linda L. FarrCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 11, 1422–1425Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00069a016https://doi.org/10.1021/es00069a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The 15 MW microwave generator and launcher of the lower hybrid current drive experiment on JET (2003)

The lower hybrid current drive experiment on JET (Joint European Torus), which is aimed at generating current in the plasma by launching a wave at 3.7 GHz into the torus, is described. The experiment required building a large high-power microwave generator and antenna. The generator can provide 15 MW for 10 s or 12 MW for 20 s. The power will be fed to a phased-array antenna consisting of 48 stainless steel modules assembled in an array of 384 waveguides. The antenna position will be controlled in real time in order to optimize the coupling to the plasma. The phasing between different modules can be set to vary the N/sub /// between 1.8 and 2.4.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Flow Cytometry of Bacterial Membrane Potential and Permeability (2007)

This chapter describes reliable flow cytometric methods for assessment of two important physiologic characteristics of bacteria, membrane potential and membrane permeability, which can provide indications of the effects of antimicrobial agents on microorganisms.
Robust Workload Estimation in Queueing Network Performance Models (2008)

Traditional approaches for capacity planning are based on queueing network models. However, modeling with queueing networks requires the knowledge of the service demands of each class of workloads at each device described in the model. In real systems, such service demands can be very difficult to measure. In this paper, we present an optimization-based technique to address the problem. The technique is formulated as a robust linear parameter estimation that can be used with both closed and open queueing network models. We consider the case where aggregate measurements (throughput and utilization) are available. Such measurements are typically much easier to obtain than the service demands. We present experimental results which prove the effectiveness of the constrained and robust linear estimation.
Crystal structure of the left-handed archaeal RadA helical filament: identification of a functional motif for controlling quaternary structures and enzymatic functions of RecA family proteins (2007)

The RecA family of proteins mediates homologous recombination, an evolutionarily conserved pathway that maintains genomic stability by protecting against DNA double strand breaks. RecA proteins are thought to facilitate DNA strand exchange reactions as closed-rings or as right-handed helical filaments. Here, we report the crystal structure of a left-handed Sulfolobus solfataricus RadA helical filament. Each protomer in this left-handed filament is linked to its neighbour via interactions of a beta-strand polymerization motif with the neighbouring ATPase domain. Immediately following the polymerization motif, we identified an evolutionarily conserved hinge region (a subunit rotation motif) in which a 360 degrees clockwise axial rotation accompanies stepwise structural transitions from a closed ring to the AMP-PNP right-handed filament, then to an overwound right-handed filament and finally to the left-handed filament. Additional structural and functional analyses of wild-type and mutant proteins confirmed that the subunit rotation motif is crucial for enzymatic functions of RecA family proteins. These observations support the hypothesis that RecA family protein filaments may function as rotary motors.
Lactoferrin Almost Absent from Lactating Rat Mammary Gland is Replaced by Transferrin (1997)

Lactoferrin (Lf) is a major milk whey protein in humans, but in some species (rabbit and rat) is virtually undetectable, whereas transferrin (Tf) is present at a high concentration in rabbit and mouse milk, but is undetectable in human milk. In order to determine whether the Lf gene is expressed in rat tissues, a lactating rat mammary gland cDNA library in λgt10 was screened both with partial cDNAs of rat liver Tf and human Lf, respectively. No positive clones were found with the latter probe, indicating that Lf is not expressed by rat mammary gland or at an undetectable level. The screening with the Tf probe led to the obtention of a 2275-bp insert coding for an open reading frame of 695 amino acid residues. This includes a 19 amino acid signal sequence, and the mature protein contains 676 amino acids and one N-glycosylation site in the C-terminal domain at residue 490. The native rat milk Tfs are separated into four bands on native PAGE that differ only in their sialic acid content. The structures of the glycans from two major variants were completely determined by 400 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. They contain, respectively, one and two neuraminic acid residues (α 2–6) linked to galactose in conventional biantennary N-acetyllactosamine-type glycans. Both contain a fucose (α 1–6) linked to the terminal nonreducing N-acetylglucosamine.
Body dysmorphic disorder in the DSM-IV field trial for obsessive- compulsive disorder (1995)

As previously thought, these findings suggest that the two disorders are strongly related but also have differences that require further investigation.
Subsurface contaminant bioremediation engineering (1992)

Abstract The ability to predict the release and flow of contaminants from the waste source is a critical step in assessing the impact to the environment and designing bioremediation strategies. The contaminant mixtures in the subsurface are subject to simultaneous action of diverse chemical and microbiological processes. Many factors and variables are involved in the migration of contaminants in the subsurface. Some of these factors are the adsorptive capacity of the soil and adsorption of a particular contaminant or mixture of contaminants. The microbial transfer from sorption and adsorption of microorganisms can affect the migration of contaminants. The environmental conditions of the subsurface, such as the availability of oxygen, the pH, and the temperature also can affect migration rates. Predictions of solute transport, chemical identity, and form of constituents originating in the wastes must be made. This article reviews typical engineering considerations for in situ bioremediation focusing on contaminants such as halogenated hydrocarbons.
DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli tonB gene. (1983)

The nucleotide sequence of a cloned section of the Escherichia coli chromosome containing the tonB gene has been determined. Transcription initiation and termination sites for tonB RNA have been determined by S1 nuclease mapping. The tonB promoter and terminator resemble other E. coli promoters and terminators; the sequence of the tonB terminator region suggests that it may function bidirectionally. The DNA sequence specifies an open translation reading frame between the 5' and 3' RNA termini whose location is consistent with the position of previously isolated tonB::IS1 mutations. The DNA sequence predicts a proline-rich protein with a calculated size of 26.1-26.6 kilodaltons (239-244 amino acids), depending on which of three potential initiation codons is utilized. The predicted NH2 terminus of tonB protein resembles the proteolytically cleaved signal sequences of E. coli periplasmic and outer membrane proteins; the overall hydrophilic character of the protein sequence suggests that the bulk of the tonB protein is not embedded within the inner or outer membrane. A significant discrepancy exists between the calculated size of tonB protein and the apparent size of 36 kilodaltons determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
<i>Pichia stipitis</i><scp>L</scp>-rhamnose dehydrogenase and a catabolite-resistant mutant able to utilize 2-deoxy-<scp>D</scp>-glucose (1992)

The yeast Pichia stipitis, strain NRC 5568, when grown on L-rhamnose as sole carbon source produced an NAD + -dependent L-rhamnose dehydrogenase enzyme, which is repressed by D-glucose. Mutants defective in carbon catabolite repression were isolated, using a selective medium containing 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Six of eight mutants resistant to 2-deoxy-D-glucose showed L-rhamnose dehydrogenase synthesis insensitive to D-glucose repression. All eight mutants, named PR mutants, as well as the parent strain, were found to grow on D-glucose, L-rhamnose, and glycerol. In addition, they were all capable of growing on 2-deoxy-D-glucose as sole carbon source, D-Glucose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose caused almost complete inhibition of L-rhamnose dehydrogenase synthesis in the wild-type strain but only a slight decrease in the enzyme synthesis in the mutant strain PR1. The wild-type and mutant strains showed the same pattern of inhibition by cycloheximide, 8-hydroxyquinoline, and benomyl. Key words: Pichia stipitis, L-rhamnose dehydrogenase, catabolite-resistant mutant, 2-deoxy-D-glucose.
Harvesting Energy from CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions (2013)

When two fluids with different compositions are mixed, mixing energy is released. This holds true for both liquids and gases, though in the case of gases, no technology is yet available to harvest this energy source. Mixing the CO2 in combustion gases with air represents a source of energy with a total annual worldwide capacity of 1570 TWh. To harvest the mixing energy from CO2-containing gas emissions, we use pairs of porous electrodes, one selective for anions and the other selective for cations. We demonstrate that when an aqueous electrolyte, flushed with either CO2 or air, alternately flows between these selective porous electrodes, electrical energy is gained. The efficiency of this process reached 24% with deionized water as the aqueous electrolyte and 32% with a 0.25 M monoethanolamine (MEA) solution as the electrolyte. The highest average power density obtained with a MEA solution as the electrolyte was 4.5 mW/m2, significantly higher than that with water as the electrolyte (0.28 mW/m2).
Nonstationary vector AR modeling of wireless channels (2005)

We propose a novel long-term parametric channel model for wireless channels that do not satisfy the usual assumption of wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS). Our non-WSSUS channel model is based on an innovations system representation that models the channel taps jointly as nonstationary vector autoregressive (AR) process, leading to a highly parsimonious description of the channel statistics. We also present a Yule-Walker type approach for estimating the parameters of this vector time-frequency AR model. Numerical results involving a simulated channel and real-world measurements illustrate the usefulness of our approach.
Production of a monoclonal antibody in plants with a humanized <i>N</i>‐glycosylation pattern (2007)

In recent years, plants have become an attractive alternative for the production of recombinant proteins. However, their inability to perform authentic mammalian N-glycosylation may cause limitations for the production of therapeutics. A major concern is the presence of beta1,2-xylose and core alpha1,3-fucose residues on complex N-linked glycans, as these N-glycan epitopes are immunogenic in mammals. In our attempts towards the humanization of plant N-glycans, we have generated an Arabidopsis thaliana knockout line that synthesizes complex N-glycans lacking immunogenic xylose and fucose epitopes. Here, we report the expression of a monoclonal antibody in these glycan-engineered plants that carry a homogeneous mammalian-like complex N-glycan pattern without beta1,2-xylose and core alpha1,3-fucose. Plant and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-derived immunoglobulins (IgGs) exhibited no differences in electrophoretic mobility and enzyme-linked immunosorbent specificity assays. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a knockout strategy for N-glycan engineering of plants towards mammalian-like structures, thus providing a significant improvement in the use of plants as an expression platform.