gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Artificial antigen-presenting constructs efficiently stimulate minor histocompatibility antigen–specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (2004)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for hematopoietic-restricted minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) are important reagents for adoptive immunotherapy of relapsed leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, expansion of these CTLs to therapeutic numbers is often hampered by the limited supply of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Therefore, we evaluated whether cell-sized latex beads coated with HLA/mHag complexes HLA-A2/HA-1 or HLA-A2/HA-2 and recombinant CD80 and CD54 molecules can replace professional APCs. The artificial antigen-presenting constructs (aAPCs) effectively stimulated HA-1- and HA-2-specific CTL clones as shown by ligand-specific expansion, cytokine production, and maintenance of cytotoxic activity, without alteration of CTL phenotype. Furthermore, HA-1-specific polyclonal CTL lines were enriched as efficiently by aAPCs as by autologous HA-1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells. Thus, aAPCs coated with HLA/mHag complexes, CD80, and CD54 may serve as tools for in vitro enrichment of immunotherapeutic mHag-specific CTL lines.
Align, Disambiguate and Walk: A Unified Approach for Measuring Semantic Similarity (2013)

Semantic similarity is an essential component of many Natural Language Processing applications. However, prior methods for computing semantic similarity often operate at different levels, e.g., single words or entire documents, which requires adapting the method for each data type. We present a unified approach to semantic similarity that operates at multiple levels, all the way from comparing word senses to comparing text documents. Our method leverages a common probabilistic representation over word senses in order to compare different types of linguistic data. This unified representation shows state-ofthe-art performance on three tasks: semantic textual similarity, word similarity, and word sense coarsening. © 2013 Association for Computational Linguistics.
Novel Synthesis and Thermal Conductivity of CuO Nanofluid (2007)

CuO nanofluid was synthesized by transforming an unstable Cu(OH)2 precursor to CuO in water under an ultrasonic vibration, followed by microwave irradiation. The influences of the type of precursor, ultrasonic vibration, microwave irradiation, and dispersant were studied. The thermal conductivity of CuO nanofluid was investigated. The results show that well-dispersed CuO nanofluid with high volume fractions can be synthesized using the current method. The synthesis mechanism is proposed. The current CuO nanofluid has a higher thermal conductivity than those prepared by the dispersing method.
Finger-eye: A wearable text reading assistive system for the blind and visually impaired (2016)

This paper presents our recent research work in developing a portable and refreshable text reading system, called Finger-eye. In the system, a small camera is added to the fingertip-electrode interface of the current Electro-tactile Braille Display and placed on a blind person's finger to continuously process images using a developed rapid optical character recognition (OCR) method. This will allow translation of text to braille or audio with natural movement as if they were reading any Braille Display or book. The braille system that will be used is a portable electrical-based braille system that will eliminate the problems associated with refreshable mechanical braille displays. The goal of the research is to aid the blind and visually impaired (BVI) with a portable means to translate any text to braille, whether in the digital realm or physically, on any surface.
Magnetic responsive brushes under flow in strongly confined slits: external field control of brush structure and flowing particle mixture separation (2019)

In the present work magnetic brushes under flow conditions and confined inside narrow slits have been studied using Langevin dynamics simulations. It has been observed that the structural properties of these confined magnetic brushes can be tuned via the application of an external magnetic field, and this control can be exerted with a relatively low content of magnetic colloidal particles in the filaments that form the brushes (20% in the present study). The potential of these brushes to perform a separation process of a size-bidispersed mixture of free non-magnetic colloidal particles flowing through the slit has also been explored. Numerical results show that it is possible to induce a two-fold effect on the bidispersed particle flow: a lateral separation of the two types of flowing colloidal particles and an enhancement of the differences in their velocities. These two features are key elements sought in separation processes and could be very relevant in the design of new chromatographic columns and microfluid separation devices.
A "housekeeping" gene on the X chromosome encodes a protein similar to ubiquitin. (1988)

An X chromosome gene located 40 kilobases downstream from the G6PD gene, at Xq28, was isolated and sequenced. This gene, which we named GdX, spans about 3.5 kilobases of genomic DNA. GdX is a single-copy gene, is conserved in evolution, and has the features of a "housekeeping" gene. At its 5' end, a cluster of CpG dinucleotides is methylated on the inactive X chromosome and unmethylated on the active X chromosome. The GdX gene can code for a 157 amino acid protein, GdX. Residues 1-74 of GdX show 43% identity to ubiquitin, a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein. The COOH-terminal moiety of GdX is characterized in its central part (residues 110-128) by a sequence homologous to the COOH-terminal hormonogenic site of thyroglobulin. The structural organization of the GdX protein suggests the existence of a family of genes, in addition to the ubiquitin gene, that could play specific roles in key cellular processes, possibly through protein-protein recognition.
The MAONZE Corpus: Establishing a Corpus of Maori Speech (2010)

The MAONZE project investigates change over time in the pronunciation of the Maori language. This is the first such investigation of sound change in an indigenous language currently undergoing revitalisation and is made possible through the existence of recordings of speakers born in the late 19th century. The MAONZE corpus contains recordings of the Maori and English speech of three generations of speakers of Maori whose birthdates span 100 years. This article outlines the background to the project and gives details on how the corpus of recordings was compiled as well as giving information about two related corpora: the Tuhoe corpus and the Maori English corpus. We hope that the details provided here will encourage others to record older first-language speakers of Maori and develop corpora similar to those described here. A companion piece will describe the transcription protocols and the use that has so far been made of the recordings.
Analysis on the Risk-Based Screening Levels Determined by Various Risk Assessment Tools (II): Derivation of Particulate Emission Factor at Former Janghang Smelter Site (2012)

This paper presents the short-term and long-term measures to determine the fugitive dust concentration in a contaminated site, which is a crucial step for the determination of particulate emission factor (PEF) for risk assessment. As a long-term measure, USEPA method employing Q/C value (inverse of the ratio of the geometric mean air concentration to the emission flux at center of a 0.5-acre square source) seems to be suitable as it reflects regional-specific meteorological conditions. However, it requires nation-wide database collection and interpretation. Use of ASTM method is an alternative as a short-term measure. The method is readily field-applicable as PEF calculation equation is simple and input parameters can be easily derived at the site of interest as well without the nation-wide efforts. Using ASTM method, PEF at the Former Janghang Smelter Site was determined. According to various mode of aggregate size distribution and fractions of vegetative cover, which are the most important factors in PEF calculation, PEF values at the Former Janghang Smelter Site varied greatly. When the mode of aggregate size distribution was set at 0.25 mm, PEF values at the Former Janghang Smelter Site was 5~20 times higher than the default PEF value (i.e., 35 <TEX>${\mu}g/m^3$</TEX>) shown in the current Korean Soil Contamination Risk Assessment Guidance. On contrast, when the mode was set at 2 mm, PEF values at the Former Janghang Smelter Site was 160~640 times lower than the default PEF value in the Korean Guidance.
Antitumor Effect of Combined Interferon and Hyperthermia in Mice (1982)

Combined therapy consisting of either exogenous interferon or interferon inducers (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid or Newcastle disease virus) together with local hyperthermia exerted a greater antitumor effect in C57B1/6 mice bearing the transplantable Lewis lung carcinoma than either treatment alone.
Maternal serum level of placental growth factor in diabetic pregnancies. (2004)

These findings suggest that in the first trimester of pregnancy the level of maternal PIGF was already significantly increased not only in pregnancies complicated by noninsulin dependent diabetes but also in those with gestational diabetes. The implications of these findings remain to be explored.
SOME ASPECTS OF PRAWN CULTURE IN THE SEASONAL AND PERENNIAL FIELDS OF VYPEEN ISLAND (1974)

Prawn culture is extensively practised in the paddy fields (seasonal fields) and other low lying areas (perennial fields) of Vypeen Island. Though the seasonal fields are found to be more productive, the perennial fields, which are available for prawn culture throughout the year, are not less important. Prawns stay for longer time and attains larger size in this type of fields. The average annual production of prawns is 903.3 and 838.6 kg|ha in the seasonal and perennial fields respectively. The month-wise catch rates show that higher catch rate is generally observed in January-iMarch period. Four species of penaeid prawns, Metapenaeus dobsoni, M. monoceros, Penaeus indicus and P. monodon constitute the culture fishery of which M. dobsoni contributes more than 50% of the catch. It is observed that M. dobsoni in the perennial fields grow at an average rate of 10.0 mm per month. Although, the total expenditure to run the seasonal field is higher than that of the perennial fields, the net income realised from the seasonal field is always found to be better. It is therefore concluded that the paddy field prawn culture is more profitable than the culture of prawns in perennial fields.
La obligación de nombrar un representante fiscal y las libertades de la Unión Europea (2013)

La normativa espanola sobre la tributacion de no residentes obliga en diversos supuestos a nombrar un 
representante fiscal en Espana. Sin embargo, la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Union 
Europea (especialmente la sentencia de 5 de mayo de 2011, Comision/Portugal, C-267/09) ha considerado 
que tal obligacion constituye un obstaculo para las libertades de la Union Europea, como la libre 
circulacion de capitales y la libre prestacion de servicios, que no resulta justificado teniendo en cuenta la 
existencia de mecanismos de asistencia mutua entre Administraciones tributarias mas respetuosos con 
estas libertades. De ahi que sea conveniente que el legislador espanol introduzca reformas en este ambito.
Intramolecular Ullmann condensation reaction: an effective approach to macrocyclic diaryl ethers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular Ullmann condensation reaction: an effective approach to macrocyclic diaryl ethersDale L. Boger and D. YohannesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 5, 1763–1767Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00005a020https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00005a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views667Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Operating, monitoring and controlling plant components over cyberspace (2003)

In recent years, nearly every industry has increasingly implemented computer based measurement, instrumentation and automation technologies to control, operate, and/or monitor various plant components of industrial equipment. This has also resulted in a paradigm shift from analog to digital technologies that are suitable for communications over the Internet, Web or networked computer systems. This paper presents a methodology for remote operation and monitoring of plant components through the Internet/Web. The Internet interfacing technologies have been examined through an experimental setup used at Fort Valley State University to perform remote experiments via the Internet. The setup is a motor-generator station that can be fully operated, monitored and controlled by computer systems using Virtual Instrument programs written in LabVIEW. It also features on-line capabilities that allow users to fully operate and monitor it remotely through the Internet. The paper also addresses typical technological concerns and challenges regarding safety and security measures as well as real-time operation.
Continuous action reinforcement learning for control-affine systems with unknown dynamics (2014)

Control of nonlinear systems is challenging in realtime. Decision making, performed many times per second, must ensure system safety. Designing input to perform a task often involves solving a nonlinear system of differential equations, which is a computationally intensive, if not intractable problem. This article proposes sampling-based task learning for control-affine nonlinear systems through the combined learning of both state and action-value functions in a model-free approximate value iteration setting with continuous inputs. A quadratic negative definite state-value function implies the existence of a unique maximum of the action-value function at any state. This allows the replacement of the standard greedy policy with a computationally efficient policy approximation that guarantees progression to a goal state without knowledge of the system dynamics. The policy approximation is consistent, i.e., it does not depend on the action samples used to calculate it. This method is appropriate for mechanical systems with high-dimensional input spaces and unknown dynamics performing Constraint-Balancing Tasks. We verify it both in simulation and experimentally for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) carrying a suspended load, and in simulation, for the rendezvous of heterogeneous robots.
Real-Time Simulation of the Space Station Freedom Attitude Control System (1991)

Software in the Systems Engineering Simulator at NASA's Johnson Space Center must be updated frequently to insure reliability and accuracy of the simulation. The Attitude Control System of the Space Station Freedom is one large component of the station simulation which must likewise undergo upgrades and maintenance. The baseline McDonnell Douglas Space Systems Co. (MDSSC)/Honeywell Attitude Control System has been integrated into the laboratory as a new system rather than modifying the older, existing version. Because this was replacing the older version, testing and verification were simplified as the existing task interfaces could be retained. This prevented many errors while at the same time provided a realistic capability for the laboratory.
Design and tuning of wideband two-layer Substrate Integrated Waveguide directional couplers (2012)

In this paper, design process of several 20dB wideband coupler on the basis of SIW using modeling the coupler by distributed low-pass filter prototypes and using chebyshev coefficients for these prototypes have been done. The base of work is the Bethe coupling theory for small apertures that has been expanded for large apertures. The type of apertures for our designs includes circular, rectangular and square. Also a Riblet-Saad coupler has been designed and simulated. We also introduced a new method to calibrate aperture dimensions to obtain our desired coupling. Finally, a comparison between different types of couplers has been done.
Caffeine Use in Sports: Considerations for the Athlete (2008)

The ergogenic effects of caffeine on athletic performance have been shown in many studies, and its broad range of metabolic, hormonal, and physiologic effects has been recorded, as this review of the literature shows. However, few caffeine studies have been published to include cognitive and physiologic considerations for the athlete. The following practical recommendations consider the global effects of caffeine on the body: Lower doses can be as effective as higher doses during exercise performance without any negative coincidence; after a period of cessation, restarting caffeine intake at a low amount before performance can provide the same ergogenic effects as acute intake; caffeine can be taken gradually at low doses to avoid tolerance during the course of 3 or 4 days, just before intense training to sustain exercise intensity; and caffeine can improve cognitive aspects of performance, such as concentration, when an athlete has not slept well. Athletes and coaches also must consider how a person's body size, age, gender, previous use, level of tolerance, and the dose itself all influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on sports performance.
Over 14% Efficiency in Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by a Chlorinated Polymer Donor (2018)

Fluorine-contained polymers, which have been widely used in highly efficient polymer solar cells (PSCs), are rather costly due to their complicated synthesis and low yields in the preparation of components. Here, the feasibility of replacing the critical fluorine substituents in high-performance photovoltaic polymer donors with chlorine is demonstrated, and two polymeric donors, PBDB-T-2F and PBDB-T-2Cl, are synthesized and compared in parallel. The synthesis of PBDB-T-2Cl is much simpler than that of PBDB-T-2F. The two polymers have very similar optoelectronic and morphological properties, except the chlorinated polymer possess lower molecular energy levels than the fluorinated one. As a result, the PBDB-T-2Cl-based PSCs exhibit higher open circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub> ) than the PBDB-T-2F-based devices, leading to an outstanding power conversion efficiency of over 14%. This work establishes a more economical design paradigm of replacing fluorine with chlorine for preparing highly efficient polymer donors.
Stochastic Image Denoising (2009)

We present a novel algorithm for image denoising. Our algorithm is based on random walks over arbitrary neighbourhoods surrounding a given pixel. The size and shape of each neighbourhood are determined by the configuration and similarity of nearby pixels. Assuming that pixels within the neighbourhood of x0 are likely to have been generated by the same random process, we want the weights used to mix these pixels during denoising to depend on the similarity between them and x0. At the same time, we require the random walk to follow a smooth path from x0 to any other pixel in the neighbourhood, so the transition probabilities should also depend on the similarity between pairs of neighbouring pixels along any given path. With this in mind, we define a random walk originating at pixel x0 as an ordered sequence of pixels T0,k = {x0,x1, . . . ,xk} visited along the path from x0 to xk. Within this sequence, the probability of a transition between two consecutive pixels x j and x j+1 is defined to be
The RF-system of the AGOR-cyclotron (1999)

The main components of the AGOR RF-system are described and their performance discussed. A good agreement has been found between the measured and calculated properties of the resonators. The servo systems for amplitude and phase (analog) and tuning (digital) meet their specifications, but some modifications to simplify operation will be implemented. In the first two years of operation the system has shown to be reliable: it has operated for extended periods at 90 % of the maximum required Dee voltage and close to the maximum frequency with very little problems.
Sugar polythioacetals (1965)

Abstract Sugar polythioacetals have been prepared by polymerization of sugars with dithiols in dioxane solution with hydrogen fluoride catalyst. Polymerization was also carried out by using liquid hydrogen fluoride as solvent and catalyst. The polymers are colorless powders with inherent viscosities in the range of 0.03–0.24 and melting points of 81–160°C. The polythioacetals of the shorter‐chain dithiols are soluble in polar solvents; those of the longer‐chain dithiols are partially soluble.
A new global router based on a flow model and linear assignment (2002)

A novel heuristic for global routing in graphs is developed. Based on a flow model it can handle many nets simultaneously, thus reducing the net ordering problem. To demonstrate the validity of the method it was applied to standard cell design style. For this application the authors combined the flow model approach with linear assignment to achieve a hierarchical global routing scheme. This procedure is about six times faster than the old flat net by net global router, while producing denser layouts for the majority of testcases. Good quality was achieved in comparison with the TimberwolfSC version 5.4 global router.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>High-resolution FLC microdisplay</title> (2000)

A 0.9' high resolution reflective microdisplay using ferroelectric liquid crystal on Si backplane has been developed. This device has 2.3 million pixels (UXGA/HDTV) with 16:10 aspect ratio. The highest resolution of 10 micrometers pixel pitch with 86% fill factor was achieved by the newly- designed pixel driver circuit. This circuit consisted of 5 transistors and 3 capacitors fabricated with only NMOS using conventional 0.35 micrometers CMOS process and the architecture with two memories per each pixel realized to write the next data into the pixel memory while the image was displayed. This enabled all the pixel data to be rewritten simultaneously with high refresh rate of 6.5 kHz, giving higher efficiency of light utilization than conventional scanning technique which rewrite the data at a line. The high refresh rate made color break-up invisible even in moving picture. In this system a new modulation technique using LED light source to generate grayscale was devised. The combined technique of pulse width modulation and light source modulation gave full color image using sequential color with high grayscale. This microdisplay is promising for projection displays and virtual image displays.