gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Anterior approach to the cervical vertebrae and the location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve]. (1990)

It is well known that the recurrent laryngeal nerve is often damaged during or following an anterior approach to the cervical vertebral column. Reports in the literature suggest that the right-sided approach gives rise to more complications of the recurrent nerve than the left-sided approach and that the right recurrent nerve is in a less protected position. There are also studies addressing the risks involved in the right-sided and the left-sided approach and suggesting the opposite conclusion. In our study, the position of the recurrent nerve was found to be variable and even to be different on the right and left sides in the same person. In 44.6% of cases (45 of 101) the recurrent nerve was found to be have an intermediate course (at the dorsal edge of the trachea or in the sulcus between trachea and esophagus) on both sides. The recurrent nerve was in an anterior position (lateral of the ventral two-thirds or the dorsal one-third of the trachea) in 50.5% (51 cases) on the left and in 49.5% (50 cases) on the right. A posterior position (lateral to the esophagus) of the recurrent nerve was found in 4.9% (5 cases) on the left and in 5.9% (6 cases) on the right. All combinations are possible. The position of the recurrent nerve cannot be inferred from its position on the opposite side. The right-sided or the left-sided approach cannot be preferred on the basis of the position of the recurrent nerve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studies on the Constituents of Sophora Species. II. Constituents of Sophora subprostrata CHUN et T. CHEN. (2). Isolation and Structure of New Flavonoids, Sophoradochromene and Sophoranochromene (1970)

From the root of Sophora subprostrata CHUN et T. CHEN two new flavonoids, named sophoradin and sophoranone, have been isolated, whose structures have been established to be I and IX, respectively, by the spectral properties of them and their derivatives and by chemical data.
Anesthesia for interventional neuroradiology (1994)

'Interventional neuroradiology' is a hybrid of traditional neurosurgery and neuroradiology and may be loosely defined as treatment of central nervous system disease by endovascular access for the purpose of delivering therapeutic agents, including both drugs and devices. Although many of the risks and responses are for the most part conceptually the same as during traditional operative neurosurgery, there are many important differences in the working environment. This article reviews basic concepts in treating the various disease processes.
Research on Construction Techniques for System Transformation of Self-Anchored Suspension and Cable-Stayed Combination System Bridge (2009)

The self-anchored suspension and cable-stayed combination system bridge is a new type of bridge which is aesthetic in appearance and skillful for the design. In order to analyze the mechanical behavior of the bridge on the process of system transformation, the model of spatial member finite elements was established. In addition the model test with the similarity ratio of 1:20 was carried out. Through comparing with the results of the theoretical analysis and the experimental results, the deformation regularities of main cables and the change of suspender force on self-anchored suspension and cable-stayed combination bridge were got. The results also indicates that this paperpsilas method is correct. The research results provide the basis for design and construction of this type of bridge.
R<sub>3</sub>Au<sub>6+<i>x</i></sub>Al<sub>26</sub>T (R = Ca, Sr, Eu, Yb; T = Early Transition Metal): a Large Family of Compounds with a Stuffed BaHg<sub>11</sub> Structure Type Grown from Aluminum Flux (2009)

A collection of new quaternary intermetallic compounds with a cubic, stuffed BaHg(11) structure type has been synthesized by the combination of a divalent rare earth or alkaline earth metal R, an early transition metal T, and gold in an excess of molten aluminum. Structural characterization of these R(3)Au(6+x)Al(26)T compounds by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that the unit cell varies with the radii of the early transition metal T and the rare earth/alkaline earth R as expected. The element T (where T = group 4, 5, 6, and 7 element) appears to be responsible for the stabilization of up to 43 different members of the R(3)Au(6+x)Al(26)T family of compounds. Varying amounts of disorder and trends in partial occupancies of the Au stuffed site--the site that is vacant in the parent compound BaHg(11)--are also indicated by the diffraction studies of this family of compounds. Magnetic susceptibility data reveals that the transition metal atoms in these materials do not possess local magnetic moments. For the magnetic rare earth containing materials, the europium compounds undergo a ferromagnetic transition at 10 K, and the ytterbium analogues show mixed valent behavior. Band structure calculations also support a mixed valent state for Yb in these compounds.
An Improved Canny Algorithm with Adaptive Threshold Selection (2015)

Canny is a classic algorithm of edge detection which has been widely applied in various fields of image processing for years. However, the algorithm has some defects. The most serious defect is that the traditional canny algorithm can’t set threshold adaptively. If the threshold set manually is not accurate, it will seriously affect the quality of the algorithm to detect the edge. This makes the poor adaptability of the algorithm. This paper proposes a method which combines maximum entropy method with Otsu method to determine the high and low threshold of Canny algorithm. Experiments show that the modified algorithm has stronger robustness than traditional method. For the images which have complex distributions of grey level histogram, the modified algorithm has better performance.
A Review of the Use of Immobilized Ionic Liquids in the Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 (2020)

This paper is a review on the application of imidazolium-based ionic liquids tethered to polymer backbones in the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to carbon monoxide and formic acid. These tethered ionic liquids have been incorporated into novel anion ion exchange membranes for CO2 electrolysis, as well as for ionomers that have been incorporated into the cathode catalyst layer, providing a co-catalyst for the reduction reaction. In using these tethered ionic liquids in the cathode catalyst composition, the cell operating current increased by a factor of two or more. The Faradaic efficiencies also increased by 20–30%. This paper provides a review of the literature, in addition to providing some new experimental results from Dioxide Materials, in the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to CO and formic acid.
Cascaded Assembly of Complex Multiparticle Patterns (2013)

A method for the cascaded capillary assembly of different particle populations in a single assembly cycle is presented. The method addresses the increasing need for fast and simple fabrication of multicomponent arrays from colloidal micro- and nanoscale building blocks for constructing nanoelectronic, optical, and sensing devices. It is based on the use of a microfluidic device from which two independent capillary bridges extend. The menisci of the capillary bridges are pulled over a template with trapping sites that receive the colloidal particles. We describe the parameters for simultaneous, high-yield assembly from both menisci and demonstrate the applicability of the process by means of the size-selective assembly of particles of different diameters and also by the fabrication of two-component particle clusters with defined shape and composition. This approach allows the fabrication of multifunctional particle clusters having different functionalities at predetermined positions.
Photoresponsive molecular tweezers. Photoregulated ion capture and release using thioindigo derivatives having ethylenedioxy side groups (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoresponsive molecular tweezers. Photoregulated ion capture and release using thioindigo derivatives having ethylenedioxy side groupsMasahiro Irie and Masatoshi KatoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 4, 1024–1028Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00290a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00290a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views822Altmetric-Citations109LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transfer function analysis of the autonomic response to respiratory activity during random interval breathing. (1987)

We report a new method for the noninvasive characterization of the frequency response of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in mediating fluctuations in heart rate (HR). The approach entails computation of the transfer function magnitude and phase between instantaneous lung volume and HR. Broad band fluctuations in lung volume were initiated when subjects breathed on cue to a sequence of beeps spaced randomly in time. We studied 10 subjects in both supine and standing positions. The transfer function, averaged among all the subjects, showed systematic differences between the two postures, reflecting the differing frequency responses of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS.
High density lipoproteins in the intersection of diabetes mellitus, inflammation and cardiovascular disease (2004)

The protective properties of HDL in cytokine production, lipid oxidation, cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport make HDL a protective agent in inflammation-induced organ damage including diabetes mellitus. However, inflammation and diabetes cause a decrease in HDL-cholesterol concentrations and impair HDL function, placing HDL into the centre of a vicious cycle that may escalate into diabetes mellitus, inflammation-induced organ damage and atherosclerosis.
Josiah Willard Gibbs: The History of a Great Mind (1951)

By Lynde Phelps Wheeler. (Yale University Press. London: Geoffrey Cumberlege.) Pp. xi + 264. Price $4.00
Overview of personalized Travel Recommendation Systems (2016)

The number of tourists worldwide has increased rapidly. The extensive amount of information that is accessible on the Internet provides tourists with a lot of choices. However it is a difficult task for the tourists to select the right tourism products or services based on their preferences and requirements. This paper attempts to review the published studies on Travel Recommendation System (TRSs) during 2008 to 2015. The paper emphasizes the use of previous and current Information Communication Technology (ICT), its applications, possible research trends and the challenges that arise in the development of a TRS.
<title>Occupant detection using support vector machines with a polynomial kernel function</title> (2000)

The use of air bags in the presence of bad passenger and baby seat positions in car seats can injure or kill these individuals in case of an accident when this device is inflated. A proposed solution is the use of range sensors to detect passenger and baby seat risky positions. Such sensors allow the Airbag inflation to be controlled. This work is concerned with the application of different classification schemes to a real world problem and the optimization of a sensor as a function of the classification performance. The sensor is constructed using a new technology which is called Photo-Mixer-Device (PMD). A systematic analysis of the occupant detection problem was made using real and virtual environments. The challenge is to find the best sensor geometry and to adapt a classification scheme under the current technological constraints. Passenger head position detection is also a desirable issue. A couple of classifiers have been used into a simple configuration to reach this goal. Experiences and results are described.
Design and development of a prototype endocavitary probe for high‐intensity focused ultrasound delivery with integrated magnetic resonance imaging (2007)

We combined a HIFU transducer with an MR receiver coil in an endocavitary probe. SNRs were improved by quartering the conductive surface of the piezoceramic. Further improvement was achieved with a piezocomposite transducer. A phase change was seen on MR images during both subtherapeutic and therapeutic HIFU exposures.
Building and using a scalable display wall system (2000)

Princeton's scalable display wall project explores building and using a large-format display with commodity components. The prototype system has been operational since March 1998. Our goal is to construct a collaborative space that fully exploits a large-format display system with immersive sound and natural user interfaces. Our prototype system is built with low-cost commodity components: a cluster of PCs, PC graphics accelerators, consumer video and sound equipment, and portable presentation projectors. This approach has the advantages of low cost and of tracking technology well, as high-volume commodity components typically have better price-performance ratios and improve at faster rates than special-purpose hardware. We report our early experiences in building and using the display wall system. In particular, we describe our approach to research challenges in several specific research areas, including seamless tiling, parallel rendering, parallel data visualization, parallel MPEG decoding, layered multiresolution video input, multichannel immersive sound, user interfaces, application tools, and content creation.
Reverence in Ravine: A transparent sculpture in coordinate space for installation art (2012)

This paper presents a sculptural installation art project assumed as a coordinate space, which includes plural sweet-spots like spatial coordinates made of orientations of images and sounds from monitors and speakers. In the first implementation of the project, these plural sweet-spots and a structure of them, implied the existence of a transparent sculpture, like a matrix. The aim of the project was to inspire the criticism by the audience about the differences of each experience between plural sweet-spots. In the exhibition, it was observed that the audience worked around and searched the existence of the transparent sculpture.
Metaphase chromosome transfer of introduced selectable markers. (1984)

A general method for creating somatic cell hybrids which maintain chromosome segments by selection is described. To extend the technique of metaphase chromosome transfer to regions of the genome which do not carry a selectable marker, a retroviral vector has been employed to introduce the dominant selectable neo gene at many genomic locations in a population of murine cells. We have used such cells as donors in metaphase chromosome transfer experiments in which hamster and monkey cells were used as recipients. Cells acquiring a transferred chromosomal segment containing the neo gene were selected by growth in the presence of the drug G418. Hybridization to cloned interspersed repeat DNA sequences of the mouse was used to estimate the proportion of mouse DNA in each transferent. These experiments indicate that transferents produced in this manner contain 0.01 to 1.0% of the mouse genome. To analyze the organization of the DNA transferred to each recipient, we used Southern transfer hybridization of DNA from each transferent to a cloned mouse interspersed repeated DNA probe which did not cross-hybridize to hamster or monkey DNA. We found that each primary transferent gave a unique pattern of restriction fragments hybridizing to this probe. Secondary transferents from two independent primary transferents were compared by this technique. Each set of secondary transferents exhibited a hybridization pattern which resembled closely that of the primary transferent from which it was derived. However, a number of hybridizing DNA segments present in each primary transferent were absent in some of the secondary transferents. These results are most compatible with the view that an intact segment of the mouse chromosome surrounding the integration site of the retroviral vector can be transferred by the techniques used in this study. We believe this technique will be generally applicable to cells from many species, and will allow the study of chromosome regions previously refractory to analysis by chromosome transfer techniques.
The dorsal skinfold chamber: window into the dynamic interaction of biomaterials with their surrounding host tissue (2011)

The implantation of biomaterials into the human body has become an indispensable part of almost all fields of modern medicine. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for appropriate approaches, which can be used to evaluate the suitability of different biomaterials for distinct clinical indications. The dorsal skinfold chamber is a sophisticated experimental model, which has been proven to be extremely valuable for the systematic in vivo analysis of the dynamic interaction of small biomaterial implants with the surrounding host tissue in rats, hamsters and mice. By means of intravital fluorescence microscopy, this chronic model allows for repeated analyses of various cellular, molecular and microvascular mechanisms, which are involved in the early inflammatory and angiogenic host tissue response to biomaterials during the initial 2-3 weeks after implantation. Therefore, the dorsal skinfold chamber has been broadly used during the last two decades to assess the in vivo performance of prosthetic vascular grafts, metallic implants, surgical meshes, bone substitutes, scaffolds for tissue engineering, as well as for locally or systemically applied drug delivery systems. These studies have contributed to identify basic material properties determining the biocompatibility of the implants and vascular ingrowth into their surface or internal structures. Thus, the dorsal skinfold chamber model does not only provide deep insights into the complex interactions of biomaterials with the surrounding soft tissues of the host but also represents an important tool for the future development of novel biomaterials aiming at an optimisation of their biofunctionality in clinical practice.
Load Balancing in Distributed Systems (1982)

In a distributed computing system made up of different types of processors each processor in the system may have different performance and reliability characteristics. In order to take advantage of this diversity of processing power, a modular distributed program should have its modules assigned in such a way that the applicable system performance index, such as execution time or cost, is optimized. This paper describes an algorithm for making an optimal module to processor assignment for a given performance criteria. We first propose a computational model to characterize distributed programs, consisting of tasks and an operational precedence relationship. This model alows us to describe probabilistic branching as well as concurrent execution in a distributed program. The computational model along with a set of seven program descriptors completely specifies a model for dynamic execution of a program on a distributed system. The optimal task to processor assignment is found by an algorithm based on results in Markov decision theory. The algorithm given in this paper is completely general and applicable to N-processor systems.
NMF: Network Mining Framework using Topological Structure of Complex Networks (2007)

In recent years, several researches using topological structure of complex networks represented by link mining have been performed actively. Many link mining methods have been proposed, but they
Association between a CYP3A4 genetic variant and clinical presentation in African-American prostate cancer patients. (1999)

Prostate cancer incidence, clinical presentation, and mortality rates vary among different ethnic groups. A genetic variant of CYP3A4, a gene involved in the oxidative deactivation of testosterone, has been associated recently with prostate cancer development in Caucasians. To further investigate this variant, we evaluated its genotype frequencies in different ethnic groups and its association with clinical presentation of prostate cancer in African Americans. CYP3A4 genotypes were assayed in healthy male Caucasian (n = 117), Hispanic (n = 121), African-American (n = 116), Chinese (n = 46), and Japanese (n = 34) volunteers using the TaqMan assay. The association between CYP3A4 genotype and prostate cancer presentation was determined in 174 affected African-American men. Genotype frequency of the CYP3A4 variant differed substantially across ethnic groups, with African Americans much more likely to carry one or two copies than any other group (two-sided P < 0.0001). Among African Americans, 46% (80 of 174) of men with prostate cancer were homozygous for the CYP3A4 variant, whereas only 28% (32 of 116) of African-American healthy volunteers were homozygous (two-sided P < 0.005). A consistent positive association was observed between being homozygous for the CYP3A4 variant in African-American prostate cancer patients and clinical characteristics. Men homozygous for the CYP3A4 variant were more likely to present with higher grade and stage of prostate cancer in a recessive model [odds ratio (OR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9-3.4]. This association was even stronger for men who were >65 years of age at diagnosis (n = 103; OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1-5.4). In summary, the CYP3A4 genotype frequency in different ethnic groups broadly followed trends in prostate cancer incidence, presentation, and mortality in the United States. African-American prostate cancer patients had a higher frequency of being homozygous for the CYP3A4 variant than healthy African-American volunteers who were matched solely based on ethnicity. Among the patients, those who were homozygous for the CYP3A4 variant were more likely to present with clinically more advanced prostate cancer.