gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MARCO: MAp retrieval by COntent (1996)

A system named MARCO (denoting map retrieval by content) that is used for the acquisition, storage, indexing, and retrieval of map images is presented. The input to MARCO are raster images of separate map layers and raster images of map composites. A legend-driven map interpretation system converts map layer images from their physical representation to their logical representation. This logical representation is then used to automatically index both the composite and the layer images. Methods for incorporating logical and physical layer images as well as composite images into the framework of a relational database management system are described. Indices are constructed on both the contextual and the spatial data thereby enabling efficient retrieval of layer and composite images based on contextual as well as spatial specifications. Example queries and query processing strategies using these indices are described. The user interface is demonstrated via the execution of an example query. Results of an experimental study on a large amount of data are presented. The system is evaluated in terms of accuracy and in terms of query execution time.
Confirmation of the Human-Pathogenic Microsporidia <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> , <i>Encephalitozoon intestinalis</i> , and <i>Vittaforma corneae</i> in Water (1998)

Microsporidia, as a group, cause a wide range of infections, though two species of microsporidia in particular, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis, are associated with gastrointestinal disease in humans. To date, the mode of transmission and environmental occurrence of microsporidia have not been elucidated due to lack of sensitive and specific screening methods. The present study was undertaken with recently developed methods to screen several significant water sources. Water concentrates were subjected to community DNA extraction followed by microsporidium-specific PCR amplification, PCR sequencing, and database homology comparison. A total of 14 water concentrates were screened; 7 of these contained human-pathogenic microsporidia. The presence of Encephalitozoon intestinalis was confirmed in tertiary sewage effluent, surface water, and groundwater; the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi was confirmed in surface water; and the presence of Vittaforma corneae was confirmed in tertiary effluent. Thus, this study represents the first confirmation, to the species level, of human-pathogenic microsporidia in water, indicating that these human-pathogenic microsporidia may be waterborne pathogens.
MEMS-based Fabry-Perot microspectrometers for agriculture (2009)

This paper reports work on the development of rugged micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)-based microspectrometers for real-time applications in agriculture. The devices are electrostatically actuated, first order Fabry- Perot tuneable optical filters, hybridised with InGaAs photodiode detectors. Tuning range and resolution of the devices are 1615 nm to 2425 nm and 52 nm (FWHM) at 2000 nm, respectively. To our knowledge, this tuning range is the largest reported for a MEMS-based Fabry-Perot filter. Three-layer distributed Bragg reflectors are used for the Fabry- Perot mirrors, and consist of e-beam evaporated layers of germanium - silicon monoxide - germanium. The moveable mirror also includes two silicon nitride layers that act as the MEMS flexures, stress compensation layers, and as an encapsulant for the mirror layers. The spectral resolution matches the theoretical expected for the mirror structures used when the residual bowing of the mirror (~15 nm across a diameter of 70 μm) is included, and can be improved to ~10 nm if five layer mirrors are used. The out of band rejection is approximately 20 dB. Experimental results show that the throughput of the device is sufficient to allow transmittance, specular reflectance and diffuse reflectance spectra to be measured. The primary outstanding issue is wavelength calibration, and is being addressed using a number of approaches including incorporation of wavelength calibration standards in the hybrid structure and accurate, real-time measurement of the separation of the two mirrors.
Anti-interleukin and interleukin therapies for psoriasis: current evidence and clinical usefulness (2017)

Anti-interleukin (IL) therapies have emerged as a major treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. This article reviews the up-to-date results of pivotal clinical trials targeting the interleukins used for the treatment of psoriasis, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-20, IL-22, IL-23, IL-36 and bispecific biologics IL-17A/tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Cytokines involved in the circuits of psoriasis inflammation without ongoing clinical trials are also mentioned (IL-9, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-18, IL-19, IL-21, IL-24, IL-27, IL-33, IL-35, IL-37, and IL-38).
On the acoustic slow wave in air-filled granular media (1987)

The relationship between the slow wave predicted by the rigid-frame limit of the Biot theory propagation in a fluid-saturated poroelastic solid and the modified-fluid wave predicted by classical theory for propagation in a rigid porous solid is examined. An anomalous difference between the two formulations of the viscodynamic operator for noncylindrical pores is exposed and explored. The pore shape factor ratio previously introduced in an extension of the classical approach is redefined. The classical rigid-frame formulation is shown to give good agreement with measured data on air-filled spherical lead shot and sands in the audio-frequency range. Modifications to the Biot viscodynamic operator, and the associated low-frequency/low-permeability approximations, that ensure consistency with the classical formulation, are proposed.
Development of somatostatin receptor subtype selective agonists through combinatorial chemistry. (1999)

Non-peptide agonists of each of the five somatostatin receptors were identified from a combinatorial mixture library and three follow-up libraries. The initial library (20 x 20 x 79) was patterned after a lead structure which was identified by screening a set of molecules selected on the basis of molecular modeling of known peptide agonists of the somatostatin subtype-2 receptor (SSTR2). A second library with increased complexity (21 x 22 x 147) was designed around the same lead structure. Third and fourth libraries of aryl-indole compounds were designed, based on information that had been obtained by screening the first two libraries in five somatostatin receptor ligand-binding assays. Actives were chosen based on potency and receptor subtype selectivity profiles. The identity of each subtype selective compound present in active mixtures was determined by an iterative deconvolution process using resins archived from each step of the original synthesis. The approach of complex mixture screening was well validated with each of the five somatostatin receptors. The advantages of mixture screening with respect to manpower requirements, reagent consumption, and time to identify an active pure compound from a mixture were well illustrated in the course of this work. The availability of these high affinity, subtype selective agonists for each of the somatostatin receptors provided a direct approach to defining their physiological functions. In vitro experiments demonstrated the role of the somatostatin subtype-2 receptor (SSTR2) in inhibition of glucagon release from mouse pancreatic a-cells and the somatostatin subtype-5 receptor (SSTR5) as a mediator of insulin secretion from pancreatic b-cells. Both receptors regulated growth hormone release from the rat anterior pituitary gland.
Qui veut la peau de la recherche publique ? (2012)

du site ou, le cas chant, des conditions gnrales de la licence souscrite par votre tablissement.
Sexadentate Chelate Compounds. VIII<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSexadentate Chelate Compounds. VIII1Francis P. Dwyer, Naida S. Gill, Eleonora C. Gyarfas, and Francis LionsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 6, 1269–1273Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01563a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01563a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views214Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Morphometry of the human pulmonary acinus (1988)

The geometry and morphometry of intraacinar airways in human lungs were studied on silicone rubber casts from two adult lungs. We defined acini as the complex of alveolated airways distal to the terminal bronchioles--that is, beginning with the first-order respiratory or transitional bronchiole. The morphological properties of pulmonary acini are described. The acinar volume averages 187 mm3 (SD +/- 79 mm3). Intraacinar airways branch dichotomously over about 9 generations (range 6-12). The internal airway diameter falls from 500 micron to 270 micron between acinar generations 0 and 10, whereas the outer diameter (including the sleeve of alveoli) remains constant at 700 micron. Towards the periphery the size of alveoli increases and clusters of alveoli become more numerous. The longitudinal path length of acinar airways (defined as the distance along the ducts from the transitional bronchiole to the alveolar sacs) averages 8.8 mm (+/- 1.4 mm). The morphometric data collected in this study are used to construct an idealized model of human acinar airways that can be related to existing models of the human bronchial tree.
A High-Q In-Silicon Power Inductor Designed for Wafer-Level Integration of Compact DC–DC Converters (2016)

This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of a novel power inductor embedded inside a silicon substrate and fabricated at wafer level. Such power inductors in silicon (PIiS) employ high-aspect ratio silicon molds formed with deep-reactive ion etching to obtain large cross-sectional electroplated copper windings (as thick as the silicon wafers). The PIiS also utilize high-resistivity magnetic composites as the core material, in a closed flux path manner, for small core losses and low electromagnetic interference. By using copper electroplating for all of the conductors in the component, the contact resistances between the conductive layers can be minimized and the inductors' quality factor can be improved significantly. Toward the end of the fabrication process, surface bonding pads are also formed on the PIiS, leading to a compact converter packaging with IC circuitry. A square-shaped spiral inductor (of size 3 × 3 × 0.83 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) was successfully fabricated. Large inductance (430 nH), low dc resistance (84 mΩ), and high quality factor (21) were achieved at 6 MHz. The fabricated inductor was assembled with a TI TPS62621 buck converter IC, and it achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 83%.
Effect of para-aminobenzoic acid on the pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in rats. (1996)

Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) has been previously reported as being an inhibitor of DDP toxicity, and its use did not result in any observable loss in antitumor activity of DDP. The following studies investigated the effect of PABA on the pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. DDP was injected i.p. at the dose of 7.5 mg/kg in normal saline alone and with a concurrent i.p. injection of PABA (100 mg/kg). The combined treatment with PABA produced a significant increase in the plasma concentrations of total platinum, without affecting the levels of platinum species in the plasma ultrafiltrate. Similar results were also obtained in additional studies in rats receiving the same dose of DDP plus PABA through different routes of administration (i.e. DDP i.v. and PABA i.p.). Both the area under the total platinum plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) up to 60 min and AUC0-120 min were increased by PABA by an average of 113% and 66% respectively. The administration of PABA in rats was followed by a substantial reduction in total urinary excretion of platinum (P < 0.05) and by a significant (P < 0.01) lower concentration of DDP derived platinum in the urine collected during the first 4 h after treatment. The renal clearance of filterable platinum was reduced by PABA by an average of 67.5% from 1.11 to 0.36 ml/min/100 g body wt. Total 24-h urinary excretion of platinum was also decreased, although not significantly, by PABA. Urine volumes from rats treated with DDP+PABA were similar to those from animals receiving DDP alone. HPLC studies indicate that PABA reacts readily with the species generated from DDP in vitro, while the agent is essentially unreactive toward the parent DDP and does not influence its decomposition rate. The overall data of this study suggest that the protective effect exerted by PABA on DDP toxicity may be at least partially due to its ability to interact with aquated DDP as well as to alter the renal excretion of platinum.
Impaired Axonal Regeneration by Isolectin B4-Binding Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons<i>In Vitro</i> (2007)

The subpopulation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons recognized by Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 (IB4) differ from other neurons by expressing receptors for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) rather than neurotrophins. Additionally, IB4-labeled neurons do not express the laminin receptor, alpha7-integrin (Gardiner et al., 2005), necessary for optimal axonal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. In cultures of dissociated DRG neurons of adult mice on laminin, robust spontaneous neurite outgrowth from IB4-negative neurons occurs and is strongly enhanced by previous axotomy. In contrast, IB4-labeled neurons show little neurite outgrowth and do not express GAP 43, even after axotomy or culture with GDNF. Moreover, growth of their axons through collagen gels is impaired compared with other DRG neurons. To determine whether the sparse neurite outgrowth of IB4-labeled neurons is attributable to lack of integrin expression, DRG cultures were infected with a herpes simplex 1 vector encoding alpha7-integrin, but its forced expression failed to promote neurite outgrowth in either IB4-labeled or other DRG neurons or in cultured adult retinal ganglion cells. Forced coexpression of both alpha7-integrin and GAP 43 also failed to promote neurite outgrowth in IB4-labeled neurons. In addition, cultured sciatic nerve segments were found to release much lower levels of GDNF, demonstrated by ELISA, than nerve growth factor. These findings together with their impaired intrinsic axonal regeneration capacity may contribute to the known vulnerability of the IB4-labeled population of DRG neurons to peripheral nerve injury.
Fibrinogen degradation products in patients with the Quebec platelet disorder (1997)

The Quebec platelet disorder is a serious bleeding disorder associated with proteolysis of alpha-granular proteins, including fibrinogen. We evaluated fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) assays as screening tests for this disorder. Patients with the Quebec platelet disorder (13/13) had elevated serum FDPs (P < 0.01) due to secreted degraded platelet fibrinogen, but normal plasma FDPs and D-dimers. Unrelated controls with bleeding disorders (32/34) had undetectable FDPs, and controls with FDPs due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and other illnesses (11/11) had elevated FDPs in all assays (P < 0.01). Immunoblot analyses indicated plasma fibrinogen was normal in the Quebec patients and platelet FDPs were found in their platelet lysates, releasates and serum samples. Their platelet FDPs were not altered by treatment with fibrinolytic inhibitors and were different from the FDPs in DIC and in plasmin-digested fibrinogen. Tests for serum FDPs may provide a simple rapid way to screen for the Quebec platelet disorder.
Generation and detection of multiply-charged peptides and proteins by matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI) fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (2006)

We report the coupling of a hybrid ionization source, matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI), to a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS). The details of the source design and initial data are presented. Analysis of peptides and proteins ranging from 1 to 8.6 kDa resulted in high resolving power single-acquisition FT-ICR mass spectra with average charge-states highly correlated to those obtained by nanoESI, thus, providing strong evidence that the ESI process dictates the observed charge-state distribution. Importantly, unlike the recently introduced electrospray assisted laser desorption ionization (ELDI) source reported by Shiea and coworkers [1, 2], the data we have obtained to date rely on the use of an organic acid matrix. The results presented herein provide insight into the charging mechanism of this emerging ionization approach, while also expanding the utility of FT-ICR MS for top-down protein and complex mixture analysis.
Baculovirus Capsid Display Potentiates OVA Cytotoxic and Innate Immune Responses (2011)

Baculoviruses (BV) are DNA viruses that are pathogenic for insects. Although BV infect a range of mammalian cell types, they do not replicate in these cells. Indeed, the potential effects of these insect viruses on the immune responses of mammals are only just beginning to be studied. We show in this paper that a recombinant Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus carrying a fragment of ovalbumin (OVA) on the VP39 capsid protein (BV-OVA) has the capacity to act as an adjuvant and vector of antigens in mice, thereby promoting specific CD4 and cytotoxic T cell responses against OVA. BV also induced in vivo maturation of dendritic cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines, thus promoting innate and adaptive immune responses. The OVA-specific response induced by BV-OVA was strong enough to reject a challenge with OVA-expressing melanoma cells (MO5 cells) and effectively prolonged survival of MO5 bearing mice. All these findings, together with the absence of pre-existing immunity to BV in humans and the lack of viral gene expression in mammalian cells, make BV a candidate for vaccination.
Induction of leukemia-specific cytotoxic response by cross-presentation of late-apoptotic leukemic blasts by autologous dendritic cells of nonleukemic origin. (2002)

Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are monoclonal proliferations of undifferentiated myeloid progenitors in blood and bone marrow. Long-term remissions are achieved in <50% of patients. There is hope that activation of specific antileukemic immune responses could efficiently eliminate minimal residual disease at the end of chemotherapy and decrease the frequency of relapses. It was demonstrated that AML leukemic blasts can acquire the morphology and phenotype of dendritic cells (DCs), i.e., differentiate into leukemic DCs. However, this method has limitations as a potential immunotherapy. The alternative approach for the induction of leukemia-specific cytotoxicity we explored in this study consisted of using DCs of nonleukemic origin, pulsed with autologous apoptotic leukemic blasts. We show that mature pulsed nonleukemic DCs were successfully generated from remission samples of all tested patients with minimal interindividual differences. Mature pulsed DCs were used as antigen-presenting cells for leukemia-specific CTL induction. Specific cytotoxic activity against autologous AML blasts was demonstrated. Tumor lysis was autologous blast specific, with no killing activity against allogeneic leukemic cells or autologous mature unpulsed DCs and was MHC class I and class II restricted. In one patient, autologous CTLs stimulated by leukemic DCs or pulsed nonleukemic DCs showed similar significant cytotoxic activity against autologous AML cells. These findings demonstrate the induction of leukemia-specific cytotoxic response by nonleukemic mature DCs cross-presenting apoptotic leukemic blasts and offer a complementary approach to the use of leukemic DCs. We believe that this strategy permits the generation of DC vaccines for the majority of patients with hematological malignancies.
What future for combination therapies? (2003)

For most patients who require lipid-lowering treatment, statin monotherapy is the appropriate treatment. However, in those patients where statin monotherapy does not produce optimal lipid levels, the combination of a statin with niacin, a bile acid sequestrant, a fibric acid derivative, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor or a fish oil preparation may provide improved control. The choice of combination therapy depends upon the patient's lipid profile and tolerability of the medication. Combination of a statin with niacin, a bile acid sequestrant or ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, should be considered for patients with very high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, while combination with either a fibric acid derivative or a fish oil should be considered for patients with high LDL-C and high triglyceride levels. A number of new lipid-lowering agents are currently in development, including cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors, acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, ileal bile acid transport (IBAT) inhibitors, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitors and dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and gamma agonists. Introduction of these novel therapies will provide opportunities for developing different combination strategies that may help to optimise lipid profiles in patients who are currently difficult to treat. The introduction of new combinations will require careful study to ensure that the risks of drug interactions and adverse events are minimised.
Three-Dimensional Preoperative Planning Software and a Novel Information Transfer Technology Improve Glenoid Component Positioning (2014)

Proper positioning of the glenoid component would be expected to improve the function and durability of the joint replacement.
An Axiomatic Semantics of Concurrent Programming Languages (1985)

this paper, I present a new compositional, truly axiomatic semantics for concurrent programming languages. It is based upon temporal logic, but employs five fundamental ideas beyond those found in most temporal logic methods: