gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct observation of the structure of band-edge biexcitons in colloidal semiconductor CdSe quantum dots (2009)

We report on the electronic structure of the band-edge biexciton in colloidal CdSe quantum dots using femtosecond spectroscopy and atomistic many-body pseudopotential calculations. Time-resolved spectroscopy shows that optical transitions between excitonic and biexcitonic states are distinct for absorptive and emissive transitions, leading to a larger Stokes shift for the biexciton than for the single exciton. The calculations explain the experimental results by showing that there is a previously unobserved electronic substructure to the band-edge biexciton which yields two distinct families of transitions.
Mitologia em Monteiro Lobato: dialogismo e carnavalização em O Minotauro (2011)

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a literatura infantil de Monteiro Lobato, mais especificamente a obra O Minotauro, estabelecendo diálogos com a história, a mitologia e a literatura gregas, sob uma ótica bakhtiniana do conceito de carnavalização e de cultura oficial versus não oficial, intentando demonstrar o cunho popular de seu trabalho, que se constrói a partir dos ideais do autor para uma literatura nacional, naturalista, e feita para o povo.
A Highlight of Recent Advances in Aptamer Technology and Its Application (2015)

Aptamers and SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technology have gained increasing attention over the past 25 years. Despite their functional similarity to protein antibodies, oligonucleotide aptamers have many unique properties that are suitable for clinical applications and industrialization. Aptamers may be superior to antibodies in fields such as biomarker discovery, in vitro and in vivo diagnosis, precisely controlled drug release, and targeted therapy. However, aptamer commercialization has not occurred as quickly as expected, and few aptamer-based products have yet successfully entered clinical and industrial use. Thus, it is important to critically review some technical barriers of aptamer and SELEX technology per se that may impede aptamer development and application. To date, how to rapidly obtain aptamers with superior bioavailability over antibodies remains the key issue. In this review, we discuss different chemical and structural modification strategies aimed to enhance aptamer bioavailability. We also discuss improvements to SELEX process steps to shorten the selection period and improve the SELEX process success rate. Applications in which aptamers are particularly suited and perform differently or superior to antibodies are briefly introduced.
IR and Raman Spectra, Conformational Flexibility, and Scaled Quantum Mechanical Force Fields of Sodium Dimethyl Phosphate and Dimethyl Phosphate Anion (1996)

Quantum chemical calculations, involving Hartree−Fock (HF), perturbation (MP2), and density functional (DFT) theories, are carried out for the dimethyl phosphate anion (DMP) and sodium dimethyl phosphate (NaDMP), model systems for the DNA phosphate group. Energies, geometries, and harmonic force fields of different conformations of DMP and NaDMP are compared. In addition, atomic charges derived from the HF/6-31G* and MP2/6-31+G* electrostatic potential of DMP and NaDMP are calculated in order to determine the effects of counterions upon the charge distribution. Finally, IR and Raman spectra of solid and aqueous NaDMP, recorded here in the 80−4000 cm-1 (IR) and 150−3100 cm-1 (Raman) spectral regions, are assigned using differentially scaled Hartree−Fock, MP2, and B3-LYP force fields of DMP and NaDMP. Our interpretation of the individual vibrational bands confirms the results of the previous empirical normal-coordinate analysis of DMP of Thomas et al. (Biophys. J. 1994, 66, 225). Also, the predicted frequencies, IR and Raman intensities, depolarization ratios, and 13C isotopic frequency shifts agree well with the experimental data. Among the computational methods, the best results are obtained using the B3-LYP gradient corrected density functional. The proposed scale factors for the HF/3-21G(*), HF/6-31G*, MP2/6-31+G*, and B3-LYP/6-31G* force fields of DMP or NaDMP are transferable to larger systems involving phosphodiester moiety, for example to nucleotides or phospholipids.
Maximizing Oxygen Delivery During Mechanical Ventilation With a Portable Oxygen Concentrator (2010)

Oxygen is a finite resource, which is cumbersome to transport and may present a fire hazard. The relatively high FIO2 delivered by the POC makes this method of O2 delivery a viable alternative to O2 cylinders. However, patients requiring an FIO2 of 1.0 would require additional compressed oxygen. This system allows O2 delivery up to 76% solely using electricity. An integrated ventilator or POC capable of automatically compensating VT for POC output is desirable. Further patient testing needs to be done to validate these laboratory findings.
The basic mechanics of rockbursts (1963)

The behaviour of rock at the stresses encountered in deep-level mining can be descriptionbed by elasticity, plasticity, and viscosity. The initial response of hard rock to the disturbance created by underground excavation is elastic, and the rock mass loses twice as much potential energy as the energy stored in elastic stress concentrations. Fractures result from instability, and the excess potential energy causes the damge noticed as a rock burst. Energy released from mining a longwall stope is considered in detail.
A New Method of multi-target detection for FMCW Automotive Radar (2013)

In multi-target situations, typically triangular FMCW radar brings out false targets and degrades the radar performance. A novel transmitted waveform and multi-target detection algorithm for automotive applications is presented in this paper. The proposed waveform is composed of three segments: up ramp, flat frequency and down ramp in every small period. Especially, the flat frequencies are modulated by a unique PN code sequence within a determinate frequency range. The unambiguous relative velocities detected in the flat frequency segment can cancel some false targets initially. Corresponding to the waveform, which combines the advantages of both FSK and FMCW formats, a progressive judgment algorithm is used in the continuous small period to further eliminate the false targets.
Periplasmic Delivery of Biologically Active Human Interleukin-10 in <i>Escherichia coli</i> via a Sec-Dependent Signal Peptide (2012)

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, with therapeutic applications in inflammatory bowel disease. For the in situ delivery of IL-10 by Escherichia coli as carrier chassis, a modified transporter was designed with the ability to secrete biologically active IL-10. De novo DNA synthesis comprised a 561-bp fragment encoding the signal sequence of the E. coli outer membrane protein F fused in frame to an E. coli codon-optimized mature human IL-10 gene under control of a T7 promoter. The construct was overexpressed in E. coli laboratory strains, E. coli BL21 (DE3) and E. coli MDS42:T7. The mean concentrations of human IL-10 in the periplasm and culture supernatant of E. coli BL21 (DE3) were 355.8 ± 86.3 and 5.7 ± 1.7 ng/ml, respectively. The molecular mass of the recombinant E. coli-derived human IL-10 was 19 kDa, while under non-reducing conditions the native IL-10 dimer could be demonstrated. Reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α secretion in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages and detection of the activated form of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 proved the biological activity of the bacteria-produced human IL-10.
Threshold ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS); a complementary quantitative technique to conventional mass resolved mass spectrometry (2013)

The mass analysis of gas mixtures using quadrupole mass spectrometers is a well developed analytical technique which is routinely used with great success. The spectrometer's ionisation source is commonly one in which electrons from a heated filament are accelerated to around 70 eV before impacting with the gas samples. There are significant advantages, however, in being able to use other electron energies. Lower energies are particularly useful and are used in a so-called Threshold Ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS) mode. The work described here applies the TIMS technique to a variety of problems which historically have proved to be difficult, and in some cases intractable, using the conventional mass resolved mode of mass spectrometry. The problems tackled include 4He/D2 and 3He/HD separation in nuclear fusion research, measuring trace levels of NH3 in air, and the separation of contributions from nitrogen and carbon monoxide to the QMS mass peak at m/z = 28. Finally, for measurements at higher gas pressures in the mass spectrometer, data for the production of long-lived metastable species are described.
Inferring Contextual User Profiles - Improving Recommender Performance (2011)

In this paper we present the concept of inferred contextual user profiles (CUPs) which extends the traditional user profile definition by describing the user in a given situation, or context. The approach is evaluated in the scope of movie recommendation. In our evaluation, we infer two CUPs for each user, and use only one of the profiles, instead of the full user profile for recommending movies. We evaluate the model on a data snapshot from the Moviepilot movie recommendation website, with results showing a substantial improvement in terms of precision, recall and mean average precision.
ChemInform Abstract: PERTURBED (12)ANNULENES, DERIVATIVES OF DIBENZO(CD,GH)PENTALENE (1975)

Abstract Das als Vorstufe zur Synthese der Dibenzopentalen‐Derivate (IX), (XI) bzw. (XII) dienende Dihydrodibenzopentalen (VI) wird aus dem Methylenphenanthren (I) über die Stufen (II)‐(V) dargestellt.
Universal quantum computation with two- and three-qubit projective measurements (2001)

We present a finite set of projective measurements that, together with quantum memory and preparation of the |0> state, suffice for universal quantum computation. This extends work of Nielsen [quant-ph/0108020], who proposed a scheme in which an arbitrary unitary operation on n qubits can be simulated using only projective measurements on at most 2n qubits. All measurements in our set involve two qubits, except two measurements which involve three qubits. Thus we improve by one the upper bound, implied by Nielsen's results, on the maximum number of qubits needed to participate in any single measurement to achieve universal quantum computation. Each of our measurements is two-valued, and each can be expressed mathematically as a Boolean combination of single-qubit measurements.
The Reactionary Enlightenment: Southern Political Thought Before the Civil War (1952)

C 5 T77E BEGIN a great conservative reaction, Virginia's George Fitzhugh proclaimed in 1863 on the eve of the battle of Gettysburg. attempt to roll back the Reformation in its phases. The first American revolution, Fitzhugh argued, had been a mere reform. But the revolution of 1861, which raised the banner of Tories everywhere and resurrected even the dream of Filmer, was a social upheaval that would ultimately shake the world.' Here, surely, was a strange note to be coming out of America in the midst of its liberal tradition. What had happened? Had America suddenly produced, out of nowhere, a movement of reactionary feudalism? Was it beginning to experience, seventy-five years late and in an inverted way, a French Revolution that it had managed to escape before? Was its social thought, nourished for years in the easy atmosphere of liberal agreement, suddenly beginning to explode with all of the old historic tensions of Europe? If these things were true, the distinctive meaning of American history would have been cancelled out at a single stroke. Tocqueville's statement that the Americans had been born free would have become a fond illusion, the silent unity of Hamilton and Jefferson would have led nowhere, and the promise of American life, to borrow the words that Croly used in another connection, would have become one of the falsest promises of modern times. By 1863, when Fitzhugh raised the Tory standard in the South, the battle over the political phases of the Reformation had ended even in Europe. The Holy Alliance had been dead for a generation. Certainly we cannot deny that the American Southerners, when they began to break with their Jeffersonian past around 1830, duplicated in every essential aspect the argument of Europe's feudal reaction. We do not find here the mere parroting of a few of Burke's phrases. We find a most fantastic array of theoretical schemes, some of them, to be sure, as Aristotelian as they are Burkean, some of them passionately Hebraic in their emphasis on the Bible, but all of them dominated in the
Open question answering over curated and extracted knowledge bases (2014)

We consider the problem of open-domain question answering (Open QA) over massive knowledge bases (KBs). Existing approaches use either manually curated KBs like Freebase or KBs automatically extracted from unstructured text. In this paper, we present OQA, the first approach to leverage both curated and extracted KBs.
Low-Power Design Using the Si2 Common Power Format (2012)

This paper covers details of the Common Power Format (CPF) standard which is used for expressing power intent for IC design to minimize power consumption. It presents the key underlying concepts in the standard, such as, power domains and power nodes. It provides a simple example to show how power intent is expressed. It then discusses how power intent can be expressed in a layered manner to cover the entire design process as well as support for hierarchy in design. It elaborates on how IC's are designed using CPF and touches on key aspects of interoperability with the IEEE1801 low power standard.
Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (1958)

The book provides, in a single source, hazard-analysis information for nearly 13,000 common industrial and laboratory materials. New sections have been added to this edition to refiect the increased interest in pollution and health hazards. For public, academic and special libraries. -- AATA
Fluorescent GPCR Ligands as New Tools in Pharmacology (2008)

The expansion of fluorescent techniques for studying the ligand-receptor interaction resulted in a burst of the novel fluorescent ligands development. The discovery of the ligand, that is of high affinity to the receptor and whose localization could be easily visualized, even on the single cell level, gave the researchers a strong impulse to investigate that field of GPCR ligands. Moreover, paying attention to the "non pharmacological" advantages of these ligands, as well as the techniques to be used, fluorescent ligands are becoming treated more seriously, as the ligands themselves, and as novel, useful tools for studying GPCRs. Herein, we review results described in the literature, starting from the year 2000, in the field of the fluorescent GPCR small, non-peptide ligands according to the affinity to the selected receptors (histamine, adenosine, adrenergic, cannabinoid, muscarinie, neuropeptide Y and serotonine) as well as the fluorophores that have been used to tag the molecules.
Build the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor? (1996)

Controlled fusion represents an opportunity to replace fossil fuels and nuclear fission as energy sources. Intensive research aimed at the peaceful utilization of thermonuclear energy, now in its 46th year, has benefited enormously from vigorous international scientific exchange and collaboration. Much has already been accomplished. In the approach to controlled fusion that uses magnetic confinement—the subject of this opinion piece—plasma temperatures obtained in experimental devices have risen from a few electron volts to over 40 keV; energy confinement times have stretched from tens of microseconds to over a second; total nuclear energy output has gone from zero to a few megajoules, amounting to about 30% of the externally supplied plasma-heating energy.
RandomBlocks: A Transparent, Verifiable Blockchain-based System for Random Numbers (2019)

Games-of-chance require high-levels of trust between participants that is often uncertain and difficult to enforce. The unique characteristics introduced by the blockchain technology can be leveraged to inform a verifiable but transparent pseudo-random generation process that at the same time eliminates the need of an external trustee service or oracle to guarantee the fair execution of the process. We propose a process that builds on a one-dimensional Cellular Automaton (CA) where the evolution of the CA aligns to the evolution of a blockchain. Given an initial seed defined as the point in time where the evolution of the CA is triggered, the set of transition rules, along with the finite number of evolution steps, any external oracle is able to verify and backtrack (but not predict) the outcome of the process. The effectiveness of the implemented system is confirmed by the use of various statistical testing suites that confirm the existence of a set of statistical properties required to produce sufficient pseudo-random number sequences.
Phase behavior of two-component self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase behavior of two-component self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on goldJohn P. Folkers, Paul E. Laibinis, George M. Whitesides, and John DeutchCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2, 563–571Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100053a035https://doi.org/10.1021/j100053a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views964Altmetric-Citations216LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Visualizing building interiors using virtual windows (2014)

The feature film "Big Hero 6" is set in a fictional city with numerous scenes encompassing hundreds of buildings. The objects visible inside the windows, especially during nighttime, play a vital role in portraying the realism of the scene. Unfortunately, it can be expensive to individually model each room in every building. Thus, the production team needed a way to render building interiors with reasonable parallax effects, without adding geometry in an already large scene. This paper describes a novel building interior visualization system using a Virtual Window Shader (Shader) written for a ray-traced global illumination (GI) multi-bounce renderer [Eisenacher et al. 2013]. The Shader efficiently creates an illusion of geometry and light sources inside building windows using only pre-baked textures.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia: pathophysiology, clinical assessment and management. (1995)

The evaluation of dysphagia patient requires an understanding of the underlying physiology and the applicability of various evaluative techniques. This is best accomplished with a multidisciplinary team so each patient can benefit from a coordinated approach to the often complex problem of dysphagia.
Distributed Ledger Technologies for Developing Asia (2017)

This paper assesses the practical implementation for distributed ledger (or blockchain) technology in improving the process of financing, deploying, tracking, and evaluating development finance assistance in key sectors.
Emerging Nucleic Acid–Based Tests for Point-of-Care Detection of Malaria (2012)

Malaria remains a serious disease in the developing world. There is a growing consensus that new diagnostics are needed in low-resource settings. The ideal malaria diagnostic should be able to speciate; measure parasitemia; low-cost, quick, and simple to use; and capable of detecting low-level infections. A promising development are nucleic acid tests (NATs) for the diagnosis of malaria, which are well suited for point-of-care use because of their ability to detect low-level infections and speciate, and because they have high sensitivity and specificity. The greatest barrier to NAT use in the past has been its relatively high cost, and the amount of infrastructure required in the form of equipment, stable power, and reagent storage. This review describes recent developments to decrease the cost and run time, and increase the ease of use of NAT while maintaining their high sensitivity and specificity and low limit of detection at the point-of-care.
Preparation of Nano- and Microstructured Garnet Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries via Cellulose Templating (2016)

Lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO) is a promising Li+ ion conductor for applications as a ceramic solid electrolyte in all-solid-state lithium batteries. However, the tetragonal and cubic phases of LLZO differ in lithium ionic conductivity by several orders of magnitude with extrinsic dopants or nanostructuring often required to stabilize the high conductivity cubic phase at room temperature. Here, we show that nanostructured LLZO can be prepared by templating onto various cellulosic fibers, including laboratory Kimwipes, Whatman filter paper, and nanocellulose fibrils, followed by calcination at 700–800 °C. The effect of templating material, calcination temperature, calcination time, and heating ramp rate on the LLZO crystal structure and morphology were thoroughly investigated. Templating was determined to be an effective method for controlling the LLZO size and morphology, and low calcination times and ramp rates were found to favor the formation of small ligaments. Furthermore, it was verified that cubic phase stabilization occurred for LLZO with ligaments of size less than 1 μm on average without the use of extrinsic dopants. This work provides more information regarding the size dependence of cubic LLZO stabilization that was not previously investigated in detail, and cellulosic templating is shown to be a viable route toward the scalable, sustainable synthesis of LLZO solid electrolytes.
Temperature-controlled radiofrequency current ablation -- what temperature? (1996)

Temperature-controlled radiofrequency current ablation