gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crystallization Behavior of Chlorinated Polyethylene/N,N'-Dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide Organic Hybrid I. (2001)

Effect of crystallization on damping properties of organic hybrid prepared from a mixture of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) / N, N’-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide (DBS) was investigated. The as-produced mixture were annealed at 25°C, 60°C and 80°C respectively, for different period so as experience the different crystallization history. DSC measurement as well as SEM observation showed that the crystallization can be accelerated by increasing the annealing temperature; meanwhile, the melting process becomes narrow and the melting peak point shifts to higher temperatures. As a consequence of the great change in crystalline morphology, both the storage modulus and the loss modulus in glass transition changes remarkably, indicating that the damping properties of the organic hybrid might be controlled through the control of crystallization history. Further studies by Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX) revealed that there exists a supramolecular organization between CPE and DBS even in the crystalline domains. The organic hybrid with such kind of architecture results in the good damping behavior which is definitely different from that of inorganic/polymer composition.
OPTIMATION OF TRANSITION LENGTH INCREASE (1982)

The increase in transition curve length is one of the most frequent modifications to track geometry. This paper considers the possibilities offered by a decrease of the track offsetting making these modifications necessary. It then presents an algorithm and example of a transition lengthening by shifting the tangent. A detailed program is also given for a TI-59 programmable calculator. A further paper will describe the method whereby a transition length increase is made possible by reducing the main curve radius.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the RNA packaging-defective retrovirus SE21Q1b (1992)

The nonconditional RNA packaging mutant SE21Q1b contains cis- and trans-acting defects which cause cellular mRNA, rather than viral genomic RNA, to be nonspecifically packaged into SE21Q1b viral particles. Using genomic libraries of the c-SE21Q1b quail cell line, we have been able to construct a molecular clone of the SE21Q1b provirus. Upon transfection into primary quail embryo fibroblasts, the SE21Q1b molecular clone is able to recapitulate the nonspecific RNA packaging phenotype of the c-SE21Q1b cell line. The RNA packaging phenotypes displayed by several SE21Q1b/avian sarcoma-leukemia virus hybrid provirus constructs have further indicated that sequences responsible for the altered RNA packaging phenotype of SE21Q1b are localized in the left third of the SE21Q1b proviral genome. DNA sequence analysis of this region has revealed that the 5' SE21Q1b deletion has removed 179 bp from the SE21Q1b left long terminal repeat and leader regions. Several differences were detected at the carboxyl terminus of the deduced SE21Q1b nucleocapsid protein sequence in comparison with that of Rous sarcoma virus PR-C. Results of site-directed oligonucleotide mutagenesis experiments indicate, however, that the presence of these residues in the nucleocapsid protein alone is not responsible for the decreased RNA packaging specificity of SE21Q1b.
A multiple classifier-based concept-spotting approach for robust spoken language understanding (2005)

In this paper, we present a concept spotting approach using manifold machine learning techniques for robust spoken language understanding. The goal of this approach is to find proper values for pre-defined slots of given meaning representation. Especially we propose a voting-based selection using multiple classifiers for robust spoken language understanding. This approach proposes no full level of language understanding but partial understanding because the method is only interested in the pre-defined meaning representation slots. In spite of this partial understanding, we can acquire necessary information to make interesting applications from the slot values because the slots are properly designed for specific domain-oriented understanding tasks. In several experimental results, the SLU (Spoken Language Understanding) performance degradation of spoken inputs compared with textual inputs are only F-measure 10.72, 11.43 and 11.51 for speech act, main goal and component slot extraction task respectively although the WER of spoken inputs is as high as 18.71%. That is, the evaluation results show that our concept spotting approach for SLU system is especially robust for spoken language input which has large recognition errors.
Source localization and beamforming (2002)

Distributed sensor networks have been proposed for a wide range of applications. The main purpose of a sensor network is to monitor an area, including detecting, identifying, localizing, and tracking one or more objects of interest. These networks may be used by the military in surveillance, reconnaissance, and combat scenarios or around the perimeter of a manufacturing plant for intrusion detection. In other applications such as hearing aids and multimedia, microphone networks are capable of enhancing audio signals under noisy conditions for improved intelligibility, recognition, and cuing for camera aiming. Previous developments in integrated circuit technology have allowed the construction of low-cost miniature sensor nodes with signal processing and wireless communication capabilities. These technological advances not only open up many possibilities but also introduce challenging issues for the collaborative processing of wideband acoustic and seismic signals for source localization and beamforming in an energy-constrained distributed sensor network. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of these issues.
Antigenic determinants of adenovirus capsids. I. Measurement of antibody cross-reactivity. (1976)

Evidence is presented that the type-specific antibody to the adenovirus hexon is not simply the antibody with the highest activity for cross-reactive determinants, but is a distinct, minority population that recognizes seperate determinants. To quantify it, we have developed an inhibition method with radio-immunoprecipitation (RIP) as a sensitive assay for the type-specific antibody that remains after all the excess of cross-reactive antibody has been blocked by heterologous antigen. During the primary response, 0.1 to 1% of antibody to types 2 or 5 hexon is type-specific, but after boosting, this population may reach 10 to 20%. Antibody to fiber is more than 70% type-specific during primary and secondary responses. The cross-reacting antibody can be removed on immunoabsorbent columns without affecting the virus neutralization titer of the serum.
CuInS2 thin films: Preparation and properties (1975)

The growth and electrical properties of CuInS2 thin films are described. Two deposition schemes, single- and double-source methods, are reported. Data are presented indicating the effects of film and substrate temperature on the electrical characteristics (mobility, resistivity, and carrier concentration) of the films. Both n- and p-type films are reported, and the effects of sulfur concentrations are discussed. Some postdeposition annealing effects are also detailed.
Hereditary Pancreatitis Caused by a Novel PRSS1 Mutation (Arg-122 → Cys) That Alters Autoactivation and Autodegradation of Cationic Trypsinogen (2002)

Hereditary pancreatitis has been found to be associated with germline mutations in the cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) gene. Here we report a family with hereditary pancreatitis that carries a novel PRSS1 mutation (R122C). This mutation cannot be diagnosed with the conventional screening method using AflIII restriction enzyme digest. We therefore propose a new assay based on restriction enzyme digest with BstUI, a technique that permits detection of the novel R122C mutation in addition to the most common R122H mutation, and even in the presence of a recently reported neutral polymorphism that prevents its detection by the AflIII method. Recombinantly expressed R122C mutant human trypsinogen was found to undergo greatly reduced autoactivation and cathepsin B-induced activation, which is most likely caused by misfolding or disulfide mismatches of the mutant zymogen. The K(m) of R122C trypsin was found to be unchanged, but its k(cat) was reduced to 37% of the wild type. After correction for enterokinase activatable activity, and specifically in the absence of calcium, the R122C mutant was more resistant to autolysis than the wild type and autoactivated more rapidly at pH 8. Molecular modeling of the R122C mutant trypsin predicted an unimpaired active site but an altered stability of the calcium binding loop. This previously unknown trypsinogen mutation is associated with hereditary pancreatitis, requires a novel diagnostic screening method, and, for the first time, raises the question whether a gain or a loss of trypsin function participates in the onset of pancreatitis.
Multi-User Piles Across Space (2005)

We introduce Multi-User Piles Across Space, a technique that allows co-located individuals with PDAs to share and organize information items (e.g., photos, text, sound clips, etc.) by placing these items in shared, imaginary off-screen piles. This technique relies on human capacities to remember spatial layouts, and allows small co-located groups with limited screen real estate to collaboratively manage information. Each participant can use their PDA&apos;s stylus to flick information to shared off-screen piles and view their contents. Connections are implemented through ad hoc WiFi. Optimistic concurrency control provides long term data consistency. We also describe an extension that allows PDA owners to transfer information items and piles to and from a tabletop display.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Hypotensive Activity of Some Succinimide Derivatives. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Highly pH-sensitive polyurethane exhibiting shape memory and drug release (2014)

A hydrogen bonding interaction is formed and broken between N of the pyridine ring and H–N of urethane in the PEG4000–MDI–BIN polymer due to the deprotonation and protonation of pyridine rings by simply changing the pH value of the external environment, and can reversibly switch both the shape memory and drug release.
Determination of hydroxylated fatty acids from the biopolymer of tomato cutin and their fate during incubation in soil (2010)

We produced evidence that the HCl treatment only affected free hydroxyl groups and thus could be used for proportioning free and bound OH-groups on cutin fatty acids. The method enabled a direct quantification of the ω-hydroxy fatty acids throughout the incubation phase.
Why we need better ATM security (2016)

Automated teller machines in their modern form have been around for almost 50 years. And, given that ATMs represent an apparently unattended box packed with cash, criminals have been keen on them for all that time. But attacks on cash machines - to steal not only money but customer data too - have been increasing significantly in receipt years. The good news is that the grab-and-go method of ATM fraud is on the decline. The bad news is that criminals are using sophisticated cyber techniques to steal customer data and money.
Earth Soundings Analysis: Processing Versus Inversion (1992)

Convolution and spectra Discrete fourier transform Z-plane, causality and feedback Univariate problems Conjugate operators Model fitting by least squares Time-series analysis Missing-data restoration Hyperbola tricks Spectrum and phase Resolution and random signals Entropy and Jensen inequality A: RATional FORtran==Ratfor B: Seplib and SEP software C: Notation D: Interactive, 1-D, seismology program ed 1D E: The Zplane program
Lithium oxide in the Li(Si)/FeS/sub 2/ thermal battery system (1981)

The formation of lithium oxide (Li/sub 2/O) in Li(Si)/FeS/sub 2/ thermal batteries during the required shelf life of twenty-five years has been identified in previous work as a reaction deleterious to thermal battery performance. This paper gives the results of a study designed to determine performance degradation caused by Li/sub 2/O and to determine an acceptable level of Li/sub 2/O that can be used to define required dryness of battery parts and allowable leak rates. Pellets preconditioned with Li/sub 2/O were used in single cells or in batteries. Their performance was compared with discharges made using pellets with no Li/sub 2/O added. The actual Li/sub 2/O present in anode pellets at various stages during fabrication was determined by using 14 MeV neutron activation analysis. Results are reported. This work shows that thermal battery production controls should be designed in such a manner that not more than 15 wt.% of the Li(Si) is oxidized at the end of the desired self life. Furthermore, the formation of a Li/sub 2/O layer equivalent to the oxidation of 6.0 wt.% of the anode on the surface facing the current collector must be prevented. Battery designers must allow for a drop in coulombic efficiency as the Li(Si) reacts, and the effect on performance of Li/sub 2/O in the separator must be considered.
Controlled Study of Linear Growth in Asthmatic Children During Treatment With Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids (1992)

Linear growth was investigated with weekly knemometry in a population of 43 schoolchildren with mild asthma treated with inhaled budesonide. The design was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group study with three dose groups of 200, 400, and 800 micrograms of budesonide per day. Each dose group received budesonide for 8 consecutive weeks. Placebo was given for either 4 weeks before or after budesonide treatment. Twelve children in the 200-micrograms group, 14 in the 400-micrograms group, and 12 in the 800-micrograms group completed the 12-week study period. There was no significant difference in mean growth velocity among the three dose groups during placebo treatment. Compared with placebo (growth velocity: 0.39 mm/wk), mean lower leg growth velocity was reduced with 0.26 mm/wk (P less than .001, t = 5.0, df = 11; 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.37 mm/wk) in children treated with 800 micrograms of budesonide. There was no statistically significant difference in growth velocity between 200- or 400-micrograms budesonide treatments and placebo. These data indicate that inhaled budesonide can be safely used in doses up to 400 micrograms/d in schoolchildren with asthma.
Optical Packet Add/Drop Systems (2010)

Sub-wavelength add/drop multiplexers are pragmatic and efficient systems that could drive the next generation of networks. In this paper we will discuss on the potential of this new technology and on its perspectives.
Bredt's Rule of Double Bonds in Atomic-Bridged-Ring Structures. (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBredt's Rule of Double Bonds in Atomic-Bridged-Ring Structures.Frank S. FawcettCite this: Chem. Rev. 1950, 47, 2, 219–274Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1950https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60147a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1066Altmetric-Citations117LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Ion-exchange properties of crown ether-phosphomolybdic acid precipitates (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon-exchange properties of crown ether-phosphomolybdic acid precipitatesL. A. Fernando, M. L. Miles, and L. H. BowenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 7, 1115–1119Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50057a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50057a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Finite State Machines and Modal Models in Ptolemy II (2009)

Abstract : This report describes the usage and semantics of finite-state machines (FSMs) and modal models in Ptolemy II. FSMs are actors whose behavior is described using a finite set of states and transitions between the states. The transitions between the states are enabled by guards which are boolean-valued expressions that can reference inputs to the actor and parameters in scope. The transitions can produce outputs and can update the value of parameters in scope. Modal models extend FSMs by allowing states to have refinements, which are hierarchical Ptolemy II models. The refinements may themselves be FSMs, modal models, or any composite actor containing a director compatible with the domain in which the modal model is being used. This report describes the operational semantics, the practical usage, and the semantics of time in modal models.
Automated Synthesis of Well‐Defined Polymers and Biohybrids by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Using a DNA Synthesizer (2017)

A DNA synthesizer was successfully employed for preparation of well-defined polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), in a technique termed AutoATRP. This method provides well-defined homopolymers, diblock copolymers, and biohybrids under automated photomediated ATRP conditions. PhotoATRP was selected over other ATRP methods because of mild reaction conditions, ambient temperature, tolerance to oxygen, and no need to introduce reducing agents or radical initiators. Both acrylate and methacrylate monomers were successfully polymerized with excellent control in the DNA synthesizer. Diblock copolymers were synthesized with different targeted degrees of polymerization and with high retention of chain-end functionality. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers were grafted from DNA. The DNA-polymer hybrids were characterized by SEC and DLS. The AutoATRP method provides an efficient route to prepare a range of different polymeric materials, especially polymer-biohybrids.
Application of building precooling to reduce peak cooling requirements (1997)

A building cooling control strategy was developed and tested for a 1.4 million square foot (130,000 square meter) office building located in Hoffman Estates, IL. The goal of the control strategy was to utilize building thermal mass to limit the peak cooling load for continued building operation in the event of the loss of one of the four central chiller units. The algorithm was first developed and evaluated through simulation and then evaluated through tests on two identical buildings. The east building utilized the existing building control strategy while the west building used the precooling strategy developed for this project. Consistent with simulation predictions, the precooling control strategy successfully limited the peak load to 75 % of the cooling capacity for the west building, while the east building operated at 100 % of capacity. Precooling of the building mass provided an economical alternative to the purchase of an additional chiller unit. The estimated cost of installing an additional chiller was approximately $500,000. Computer models developed for this project also showed that precooling based upon cooling cost minimization could result in savings of approximately $25,000 per month during the peak cooling season. The building model was validated with experimental results and could be used in the development of a cost minimization strategy.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 signalling promotes goblet cell hyperplasia in airway epithelium (2011)

Goblet cell hyperplasia is a common feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) airways, but the mechanisms that underlie this epithelial remodelling in COPD are not understood. Based on our previous finding of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) nuclear localization in large airways from patients with COPD, we investigated whether hypoxia-inducible signalling could influence the development of goblet cell hyperplasia. We evaluated large airway samples obtained from 18 lifelong non-smokers and 13 former smokers without COPD, and 45 former smokers with COPD. In these specimens, HIF-1α nuclear staining occurred almost exclusively in COPD patients in areas of airway remodelling. In COPD patients, 93.2 ± 3.9% (range 65-100%) of goblet cells were HIF-1α positive in areas of goblet cell hyperplasia, whereas nuclear HIF-1α was not detected in individuals without COPD or in normal-appearing pseudostratified epithelium from COPD patients. To determine the direct effects of hypoxia-inducible signalling on epithelial cell differentiation in vitro, human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) were grown in air-liquid interface cultures under hypoxia (1% O(2)) or following treatment with a selective HIF-1α stabilizer, (2R)-[(4-biphenylylsulphonyl)amino]-N-hydroxy-3-phenyl-propionamide (BiPS). HBECs grown in hypoxia or with BiPS treatment were characterized by HIF-1α activation, carbonic anhydrase IX expression, mucus-producing cell hyperplasia and increased expression of MUC5AC. Analysis of signal transduction pathways in cells with HIF-1α activation showed increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation without activation of epidermal growth factor receptor, Ras, PI3K-Akt or STAT6. These data indicate an important effect of hypoxia-inducible signalling on airway epithelial cell differentiation and identify a new potential target to limit mucus production in COPD.