gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal potentiation of a vasoconstrictor response between 5-hydroxytryptamine and clonidine in the perfused mesenteric vascular bed of the rat. (1987)

The interaction between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, was investigated in the isolated perfused mesenteric vascular bed of the rat. Clonidine itself did not cause vasoconstriction even at 300 micrograms. However, clonidine in the presence of 5-HT (10 and 100 nM) caused a marked vasoconstriction in a dose range of 0.1 micrograms to 300 micrograms. Prazosin inhibited the clonidine response, whereas yohimbine did not. The potency of prazosin against clonidine was less than that against an alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine. Therefore, it is suggested that clonidine activated alpha 1-like adrenoceptors. 5-HT also potentiated the vasoconstrictor response to perivascular nerve stimulation, exogenous norepinephrine (NE) and phenylephrine. Calcium entry blockade by nicardipine (0.1 microM) reduced the response to clonidine in the presence of 5-HT, whereas that to phenylephrine in the presence or absence of 5-HT was not reduced. On the other hand, clonidine (0.01-1 microM) potentiated the vasoconstrictor effect of 5-HT more than NE did. Ouabain (1 microgram/ml) enabled clonidine to exhibit an agonistic action, and also enhanced the contractile response to 5-HT. In conclusion, 5-HT modulated the vasoconstrictor effect of clonidine, and the vasoconstriction with 5-HT was also facilitated by clonidine reciprocally. It is possible that a partial depolarization of the cell membrane is the common mechanism for their reciprocal potentiation.
Application of Learning Automata to Telephone Traffic Routing and Control (1977)

Application of learning automata theory to telephone traffic routing and control is described. Improved network performance is demonstrated through the comparative simulation of learning automata routing and the existing fixed rule alternate routing in simple telephone networks. Learning automata routing results in significantly lower blocking probability when selected overload conditions prevail and additional capacity exists elsewhere in the network.
The A-C Properties of Tantalum Solid Electrolytic Capacitors (1961)

The two basic elements in the dissipation factor of tantalum solid electrolytic capacitors are , the substantially frequency independent dissipation factor of the tantalum oxide, and , the lumped effective resistance of or other series constituents. These elements can be separated and evaluated from measurements at two frequencies. Use of such evaluation in applied research is illustrated. The value of is related analytically to the resistivity of the network and the dimensions of an idealized right cylindrical porous capacitor structure. Variation of capacitance with frequency for a large number of commercial capacitors was found to be related to in a way proposed in the literature for anodic oxides.
Specific binding of the mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor CSF-1 to the product of the v-fms oncogene. (1986)

Cells transformed by the McDonough strain of feline sarcoma virus (SM-FeSV) express a v-fms-encoded glycoprotein whose expression at the cell surface correlates with the transformed phenotype. The mouse mononuclear phagocyte growth factor CSF-1 specifically binds to SM-FeSV-transformed cells at high-affinity sites indistinguishable from those detected on normal feline macrophages. A monoclonal antibody to a v-fms-encoded epitope competed for CSF-1 binding to SM-FeSV-transformed cells, and chemical crosslinking demonstrated that murine CSF-1 bound to the v-fms gene product at the cell surface. Although SM-FeSV-transformed fibroblast lines were found to secrete CSF-1, the growth of transformed cells was not affected by antibodies to the v-fms gene product or to the growth factor. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the v-fms products in membranes was observed in the absence of CSF-1 and was not enhanced by addition of the murine growth factor. The data support the hypothesis that the c-fms protooncogene product is related, and possibly identical, to the CSF-1 receptor and suggest that the v-fms-encoded kinase functions in the absence of an exogenous growth factor.
A Decision-Based Velocity Ramp for Minimizing the Effect of Misclassifications During Real-Time Pattern Recognition Control (2011)

Real-time pattern recognition control is frequently affected by misclassifications. This study investigated the use of a decision-based velocity ramp that attenuated movement speed after a change in classifier decision. The goal was to improve prosthesis positioning by minimizing the effect of unintended movements. Non-amputee and amputee subjects controlled a prosthesis in real-time using pattern recognition. While performing a target achievement test in a virtual environment, subjects had a significantly higher completion rate (p < 0.05) and a more direct path (p < 0.05) to the target with the velocity ramp than without it. Using a physical prosthesis, subjects stacked a greater average number of 1 cubes (p < 0.05) in three minutes with the velocity ramp than without it (76% more blocks for non-amputees; 89% more blocks for amputees). Real-time control using the velocity ramp also showed significant performance improvements above using majority vote. Eighty-three percent of subjects preferred to control the prosthesis using the velocity ramp. These results suggest that using a decision-based velocity ramp with pattern recognition may improve user performance. Since the velocity ramp is a post-processing step, it has the potential to be used with a variety of classifiers for many applications.
New Bioactive Plant Heliannuols from Cultivar Sunflower Leaves (1999)

From an aqueous extract of Helianthus annuus L. cvs. SH-222 and VYP leaves, six new heliannuols have been isolated: three 7,10-heliannanes, heliannuols F (1), I (4), and J (5) and three 7,11-heliannanes, heliannuols G (2), H (3), and K (6). Their structure elucidation was based on extensive spectral studies. The phytotoxicity exhibited by compounds 1−4 and 6 suggests that these new bioactive sesquiterpenes may be involved in plant defense against dicotyledons.
Determination of External Loop Topology in the Serotonin Transporter by Site-directed Chemical Labeling (1998)

The transmembrane topology of the serotonin transporter (SERT) has been examined by measuring the reactivity of selected lysine and cysteine residues with extracellular reagents. An impermeant biotinylating reagent, sulfosuccinimidyl 2-(biotinamido)ethyl-1, 3-dithiopropionate (NHS-SS-biotin), was shown to label SERT transiently expressed in cultured cells. Replacement of four lysine residues that were predicted to lie in external hydrophilic loops (eK-less) largely prevented the biotinylation reaction. Likewise, the cysteine-specific biotinylation reagent N-biotinylaminoethylmethanethiosulfonate (MTSEA-biotin) labeled wild type SERT but not a mutant in which Cys-109, predicted to lie in the first external loop, was replaced with alanine. These two mutant transporters reacted with the biotinylating reagents in digitonin-permeabilized cells, demonstrating that the abundant lysine and cysteine residues predicted to lie in intracellular hydrophilic domains were reactive but not accessible in intact cells. Mutants containing a single external lysine at positions 111, 194, 243, 319, 399, 490, and 571 reacted more readily with NHS-SS-biotin than did the eK-less mutant. Similarly, mutants with a single cysteine at positions 109, 310, 406, 489, and 564 reacted more readily with MTSEA-biotin than did the C109A mutant. All of these mutants were active and therefore likely to be folded correctly. These results support the original transmembrane topology and argue against an alternative topology proposed recently for the related glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters.
Synthesis of 1-Hydroxyoxindoles (1990)

Abstract A convenient synthesis of various substituted 1-hydroxyoxindoles is described.
Economical hydrogen production by electrolysis using nano (2012)

Hydrogen is an alternate renewable eco fuel. The environmental friendly hydrogen production method is electrolysis. The cost of electrical energy input is major role while fixing hydrogen cost in the conventional direct current Electrolysis. Using nano pulse DC input make the input power less and economical hydrogen production can be established. In this investigation, a lab scale electrolytic cell developed and 0.58 mL/sec hydrogen/oxygen output is obtained using conventional and nano pulsed DC. The result shows that the nano pulsed DC gives 96.8 % energy saving. Copyright © 2012 International Energy and Environment Foundation - All rights reserved.
Xstream: a middleware for streaming XML contents over wireless environments (2004)

XML (extensible Markup Language) has been developed and deployed by domain-specific standardization bodies and commercial companies. Studies have been conducted on a wide variety of issues encompassing XML. In the use of XML for wireless computing, the focus has been on investigating ways to efficiently represent XML data for transmission over a wireless environment. We propose a middleware, Xstream (XML Streaming), for efficiently streaming XML contents over a wireless environment by leveraging the rich semantics and structural characteristics of XML documents and by flexibly managing units containing fragments of data into autonomous units, known as XDU (Xstream Data Unit) fragments. The concept of an XDU is fundamental to the operation of Xstream. It provides for the efficient transfer of documents across a wireless link and allows other issues and challenges pertaining to wireless transmission to be addressed. By fragmenting and organizing an XML document into XDU fragments, we are able to incrementally send fragments across a wireless link, while the receiver is able to perform look-ahead processing of the document without having to wait for the entire document to be downloaded. We propose a fragmenting strategy based on the value of the wireless link's Maximum Transfer Units (MTUs). In addition, we present and evaluate several packetizing strategies, i.e., strategies wherein a collection of XDUs are grouped into a packet to optimize packet delivery and processing. At the receiving end of this process, a reassembly strategy incrementally reconstructs the XML document as XDU fragments are being received, thereby facilitating client application implementation of look-ahead processing.
Energy-Aware Adaptive Watermarking for Real-Time Image Delivery in Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

A secure image transmission mechanism is necessary when malicious intruders intend to access and modify content delivery over wireless networks. To assure data integrity, authentication is required for multimedia data delivered over wireless image sensor networks. Watermarking technique is an effective vehicle to assert and assure the image data authentications. There have been recent works reported on watermarking, but few with the consideration of energy cost in terms of the data communication and processing, which is a key constraint to many embedded systems and wireless sensor networks. Most watermarking systems only target at minimizing watermarked image distortion and increasing robustness at the source coding site for lossy image processing. The watermarked image distortion caused by error-prone wireless environments during transmission has not been fully considered. In this paper, an innovative energy-aware adaptive watermarking scheme for realtime image delivery is proposed in wireless multimedia sensor networks. This new scheme allocates network resource to protect the watermarked image transmission while embedding watermark coding redundancies into the images. Dynamic watermark thresholds are applied to be adaptive to the network condition (packet loss ratio) and the inter-frame correlation is exploited to reduce processing delay. The simulation results show that the proposed adaptive watermark system can achieve considerable energy efficiency and assure the data integrity.
New Pyridobenzodiazepine Derivatives:  Modifications of the Basic Side Chain Differentially Modulate Binding to Dopamine (D<sub>4.2</sub>, D<sub>2L</sub>) and Serotonin (5-HT<sub>2A</sub>) Receptors (2002)

A series of new pyridobenzodiazepines with variation of the basic side chain were synthesized and evaluated for their binding to D(4.2), D(2L), and 5-HT(2A) receptors in comparison with clozapine, haloperidol, and two parent compounds previously described, 8-chloro-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-11H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine (8) and 8-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-11H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine (9). In the piperazine series, replacing the N-methyl group by a N-phenyl moiety (15-17, 30-32) provided a dramatic decrease of affinity for all receptors (K(i) > 1000 nM). A N-cyclohexyl group (20, 35) restored some affinity. Compounds with a N-benzyl (18, 33) or N-phenethyl side chain (19, 34) had significant affinities at D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) receptors. Homologation of the piperazine nucleus (29, 44) led to a significant decrease of the affinity at all receptors investigated. In the 4-aminopiperidine series, N-methyl derivatives (21, 36) possessed less affinity in comparison with the N-methylpiperazine analogues (8, 9) while the N-benzyl congeners (22, 37) showed similar affinities. The rigidification of piperidine nucleus as obtained in azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives (23, 38) involved a slight reduction of the affinity at D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) receptors while the affinity at D(2L) receptors was dramatically increased. The introduction of N-substituted aminoalkylamines to replace N-methylpiperazine generally led to a significant decrease in the affinity for D(4.2) receptors but some of these molecules (24, 25, 41) presented a significant 5-HT(2A) binding affinity. The presence of a more flexible side chain induced an increased conformational freedom. Consequently, the preferential position of the distal nitrogen or its basicity in piperazine derivatives was greatly modified. 19 with a high D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) affinity (K(i) = 40 and 103 nM, respectively) did not induce cataleptic phenomenon in the paw test in rats but significantly reduced the immobility time in Porsolt's test in mice suggesting antidepressant properties.
Optimal instrumentation of uncertain structural systems subject to earthquake ground motions (1998)

A criterion is proposed for making decisions regarding the optimal location of a given number of sensors to record the seismic response of a structure for identification purposes. The optimal location of the sensors is selected so that the expected value of a Bayesian loss function, expressed in terms of the Fisher information in the recordings, is minimized. The criterion is applied to the case of multi-degree-of-freedom systems with uncertain structural properties subjected to earthquake ground motions modelled as stationary stochastic processes. The use and capabilities of the criterion are thoroughly illustrated by means of an example. Results are used to assess the influence of record duration, recording noise, and ground motion frequency content and amplitude, on the optimal location of accelerometers as well as on the reduction of prior uncertainty about the structural parameters. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoinduced Photoluminescence Variations of CdSe Quantum Dots in Polymer Solutions (2007)

Photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiencies and lifetimes of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were investigated under photoactivation in different chemical environments including polymer solutions and solvent systems. We observed considerable enhancement of the PL quantum efficiency of the QDs when photoactivated above the band gap in the presence of polymers such as poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), and poly(butadiene) (PBD). Furthermore, the PL spectra and the enhanced PL quantum efficiencies of the QDs were considerably stabilized under continuous photoactivation in the presence of dissolved polymers. Under photoactivation, the PL quantum efficiency was increased from 8% to 26−37% depending on the polymer environment. An increase of the PL quantum efficiency was also observed in solvents such as CHCl3 and n-butanol. However, photoactivation of the QDs in solvents with small dipole moments such as n-hexane and toluene resulted in substantial decreases of the PL quantum efficiency (from 8% to <1%). The photoactivated PL intensity of the QDs was stable in the presence of polymers as a result of static passivation of QDs' surface. In general, the increase of the PL quantum efficiency of the QDs under photoactivation was associated with an increase of the average PL lifetime values (from ∼7 to ∼12 ns). On the other hand, the increase of the PL quantum efficiency (from 8% to 37%) of QDs in the presence of PVP was associated with a decrease of the average PL lifetime value (from 7.16 to 3.51 ns). From the PL variations of the CdSe QDs under continuous photoactivation in the presence of different polymers and solvents, we determined that static passivation of the surface defects by molecules in the environment plays an important role in the surface-related emission and stability of the photophysical properties of the QDs. The variations of the PL lifetimes and quantum efficiencies under different chemical environments were helpful not only in understanding the involvement of surface states in the deactivation processes of photoexcited QDs but also in identifying ideal polymers and solvents for photoinduced surface passivation of QDs.
Vertically integrated sensors for advanced imaging applications (2000)

A thin film on ASIC (TFA) image sensor is fabricated depositing an amorphous silicon thin-film detector onto a CMOS ASIC. With regards to advanced imaging systems, TFA provides enhanced performance and more flexibility than conventional technologies. Extensive on-chip signal processing is feasible, as well as small pixels for high resolution imagers. Two new TFA imager prototypes have recently been fabricated. High-resolution image sensor (HIRISE II) with 1024/spl times/128 pixels is an active pixel sensor suited for digital photography. Local autoadaptiver sensor (LARS II) with 368/spl times/256 pixels splits the illumination information into two signals, thereby providing a dynamic range of more than 120 dB, as required by automotive applications. Both prototypes include correlated double sampling and double delta sampling for efficient suppression of fixed pattern noise.
Microwave Filters, An Advancing Art (1965)

From the beginnings of microwave engineering until today, filter design has been a persistent and fruitful field for investigation. As this issue of the Transactions shows, interest in microwave filters remains acute, and probably is greater now than ever before.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILE REAKTIONEN MIT FLUORIERTEN AETHYLENEN (1974)

Abstract Die Umsetzung von Tetrafluoräthylen (I) mit 2 Äquivalenten Na‐butylthiolat (II) führt über den intermediären Thioäther (III) zum Produkt (IV), das trans‐Konfiguration besitzt.
Invariant in cellular automata (1984)

For a subclass of the set of reversible cellular automata, the author gives the form of an exact time invariant quantity, which can be seen as a kind of energy. With the ergodic assumption, this is a model of two interacting Ising spin systems.
A legal guide to doing business in the Asia-Pacific (2010)

This book provides domestic law expertise, on-the-ground experience, and a global perspective of 14 countries and jurisdictions (Australia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam) and addresses topics such as: establishing a business presence; foreign investments; operational issues; litigation and dispute resolution; and developing an exit strategy.
The Polarization Resistance Method for Corrosion Testing (1974)

Abstract The measurement of the polarization resistance using AC enables the corrosion losses to be determined with certain difficulties only, Despite that the AC methods are of technical interest because they allow the determination of corrosion rate/time curves without difficulties and enable potentiel fluctuation to be easily compensated; beyond that they offer certain advantages with respect to the construction of the measuring instruments.
The human TDE gene homologue: Localization to 20q13.1–13.3 and variable expression in human tumor cell lines and tissue (1999)

Expression of the mouse testicular tumor differentially expressed (TDE) gene is increased in testicular tumors as well as in testicular tumor cell lines derived from transgenic mice carrying the polyomavirus large-T antigen under the control of the metallothionein-1 promoter. To determine whether the TDE gene has a role in the development of human cancers, we used the mouse TDE cDNA sequence to screen a human placental cDNA library. The human TDE cDNA homologue coded for a protein that was 78% homologous to the mouse TDE amino acid sequence. Like the mouse TDE protein, the human TDE protein had several predicted hydrophobic α-helices characteristic of transmembrane proteins. The human TDE gene was expressed in all cell lines and tissues examined. Four mRNA species were observed in placenta, where we identified an alternate splicing pattern and the use of two different polyadenylation sites. Using fluoresence in situ hybridization analysis, we localized the human TDE gene to the q13.1–13.3 region of chromosome 20, a region known to be amplified in several types of human cancers. We then observed, by northern blot analysis, that human TDE expression was increased in three of five lung tumors examined. Mol. Carcinog. 26:189–200, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Intramolecular Hydrogen-Bond Participation in Phosphonylammonium Salt Formation (2000)

[reaction: see text] A series of phosphonochloridates and phosphonyl dichlorides were prepared, and their reactivity with triethylamine has been investigated using (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Taken together these studies provide evidence that an intramolecular hydrogen-bond is required for phosphonylammonium salt formation to render the phosphorus more electron-deficient.
Shape design for elastic contact problems by evolutionary structural optimization (1998)

In this study, the Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) is employed for the shape optimization of twodimensional elastic contact problems. This method involves a simple evolutionary and re-meshing procedure based on finite element analysis, in which contact profiles are iteratively modified in terms of the relative levels of contact stress. Through this procedure the high stress concentration on the contact surfaces is progressively reduced and thereby the contact stress distribution evolves towards uniform or some other predetermined patterns. The design examples of contact profiles are presented herein to demonstrate the capabilities of the ESO method for solving two-dimensional contact problems.