gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New Fiberglass Liner Completion Technique Salvages Old Injection Wells for Use as WAG Injection Wells (1988)

ABSTRACT Fiberglass liners with polished bore seal assemblies are being successfully used to salvage old injection wells at less than half the cost of drilling the wells again. Components of conventional waterflood fiberglass liner completion equipment used in the past to improve well conditions and injection profile control were modified or changed.
Classification Algorithm for Feature Extraction using Linear Discriminant Analysis and Cross-correlation on ECG Signals (2015)

This paper develops a novel framework for feature extraction based on a combination of Linear Discriminant Analysis and cross-correlation. Multiple Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, acquired from the human heart in different states such as in fear, during exercise, etc. are used for simulations. The ECG signals are composed of P, Q, R, S and T waves. They are characterized by several parameters and the important information relies on its HRV (Heart Rate Variability). Human interpretation of such signals requires experience and incorrect readings could result in potentially life threatening and even fatal consequences. Thus a proper interpretation of ECG signals is of paramount importance. This work focuses on designing a machine based classification algorithm for ECG signals. The proposed algorithm filters the ECG signals to reduce the effects of noise. It then uses the Fourier transform to transform the signals into the frequency domain for analysis. The frequency domain signal is then cross correlated with predefined classes of ECG signals, in a manner similar to pattern recognition. The correlated co-efficients generated are then thresholded. Moreover Linear Discriminant Analysis is also applied. Linear Discriminant Analysis makes
Arctic adaptation in reindeer The energy saving of a hemoglobin (1989)

Previous results [(1988) Arct. Med. Res. 47, 83-88] have shown that hemoglobin from reindeer is characterized by a low overall heat of oxygenation. This particular aspect has been investigated further in a series of precise oxygen equilibrium experiments. The results obtained show a peculiar dependence of the temperature effect on the fractional saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen, which could be regarded as a very interesting case of molecular adaptation to extreme environmental conditions.
Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy: An emerging tool for the study of peptide–membrane interactions (2002)

The interactions between peptides and membranes mediate a wide variety of biological processes, and characterization of the molecular details of these interactions is central to our understanding of cellular events such as protein trafficking, cellular signaling and ion-channel formation. A wide variety of biophysical techniques have been combined with the use of model membrane systems to study peptide-membrane interactions, and have provided important information on the relationship between membrane-active peptide structure and their biological function. However, what has generally not been reported is a detailed analysis of the affinity of peptide for different membrane systems, which has largely been due to the difficulty in obtaining this information. To address this issue, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy has recently been applied to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes. This article provides an overview of these recent applications that demonstrate the potential of SPR to enhance our molecular understanding of membrane-mediated peptide function.
The temperature dependence of the anisotropy field and coercivity in epitaxial films of mixed rare-earth iron garnets (1973)

The temperature dependence of the anisotropy field Hk and the domain-wall coercivity Hc have been measured for three different epitaxial films of mixed rare-earth iron garnets with the nominal compositions Er2Eu1Ga0.7Fe4.3O12, Y1Eu1.85Yb0.15Al1.1Fe3.9O12, and Eu1.7Er1.3Al0.7Ga0.8Fe3.5O12. Each of these garnets supports bubble domains. The anisotropy field was measured using an optical magnetometer, and analytical expressions are developed which relate the optical magnetometer parameters to the anisotropy field. These measurements show that the anisotropy field decreases with increasing temperature at about −1%/°C at 20°C for all three samples. The coercivity, again measured by an optical technique, was also found to decrease with increasing temperature. The coefficient ranged from −1.3%/°C to −3.0%/°C at 20°C depending on the sample. The largest total change in Hc for one of the samples was a factor of 310 over the temperature range −106°C to +80°C. The temperature variation of the saturation magnetization 4πMs and the material length l were also measured. The temperature coefficients of 4πMs and l at 20°C varied from ∼0.03%/°C to −1.1%/°C, and −0.9%/°C to 0.5%/°C, respectively. No simple correlation is evident among the temperature dependences of Hk, Hc, and 4πMs although l varies predictably with 4πMs and Hk. The large variations in coercivity are not consistent with simple conventional models.
BETTER, CHEAPER 'GREEN' SOLVENT (2000)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTBETTER, CHEAPER 'GREEN' SOLVENTLow–cost, fluorine–free, CO–soluble copolymers promise to expand industrial uses of supercritical carbon dioxideRON DAGANICite this: Chem. Eng. News 2000, 78, 20, 11Publication Date (Print):May 15, 2000Publication History Published online12 November 2010Published inissue 15 May 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v078n020.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v078n020.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views11Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Solvents Get e-Alerts
Function and specificity of human gamma/delta-positive T cells. (1992)

gamma/delta+ T-cells are a recently identified subpopulation of T-lymphocytes expressing an "alternative" T-cell receptor (TCR) molecule consisting of disulfate-linked or nonlinked gamma and delta chains. Despite a limited number of V gamma and V delta genes in the germ line, there is a large and diverse gamma delta TCR repertoire due to extensive N region variability. Recently developed monoclonal antibodies against V gamma and V delta gene products are useful reagents for the identification and isolation of gamma/delta+ T-cell subpopulations. The physiological significance of gamma/delta+ T-cells is still unknown. However, accumulating evidence indicates that human gamma/delta+ T-cells frequently recognize bacterial ligands as well as certain tumor cells. Interestingly, reactivity towards microbial antigens is usually restricted to a subpopulation of gamma/delta+ T-cells expressing a V gamma 9/V delta 2 TCR. However, different bacteria-reactive V gamma 9+/V delta 2+ gamma/delta+ T-cells display extensive N region variability, suggesting the involvement of a gamma/delta-specific superantigen in these responses. Little is known about the role of gamma/delta+ T-cells under pathological conditions. Rare cases of gamma/delta+ T-cell leukemias and lymphomas have been described. In addition, discrete changes in the distribution of gamma/delta+ T-cell subpopulations have been observed during HIV infection. Current thinking favors the interpretation that gamma/delta+ T-cells play a role in the immune reaction during infection and in the regulation of physiological or pathophysiological autoimmune responses.
THE INHERITANCE OF THE ALLELOMORPHS OF THE <i>Rh</i> GENE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE <i>Rh</i>î AND <i>Rh</i>îî GENES (1943)

The articles published by the Annals of Eugenics (1925–1954) have been made available online as an historical archive intended for scholarly use. The work of eugenicists was often pervaded by prejudice against racial, ethnic and disabled groups. The online publication of this material for scholarly research purposes is not an endorsement of those views nor a promotion of eugenics in any way.
Détente, Recognition, and Citizenship: The Case of East Germany (2015)

In the formative decade of the Cold War, East Germany suffered international isolation and its citizenship was not internationally recognized. Following the détente between the communist and capitalist blocs in the 1970s, the newly recognized East Germany worked toward pressuring the international community to recognize the existence of their statehood (and citizenship) as a prerequisite to establish diplomatic relations. In order to increase their state legitimacy, the GDR sought to have its citizenship recognized through consular treaties with third states, while the FRG prevented third states from recognizing a separate East German citizenship. This article examines the impacts of this changed diplomatic scene on citizenship diplomacy in the socialist states of East Germany. It suggests that the nationality position of the two German states examined had not fundamentally changed despite the normalization of relations.
A NOVEL INOSITOL MONO-PHOSPHATASE INHIBITOR FROM Memnoniella echinata (1992)

A novel inositol mono-phosphatase inhibitor, L-671,776 (1), was discovered from a culture of the hyphomycete, Memnoniella echinata (ATCC 20928). 1 has a molecular weight of 388 and a molecular formula of C23H32O5. The mode of inhibition is non-competitive, with a Ki of 450 microM. It shows no inhibition of myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase or myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 5-phosphatase, although it weakly inhibits myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 3-kinase (IC50 = 3 mM). It elevates inositol monophosphates in rat parotid slices (EC50 approximately 3 mM), but abolishes agonist effects. It also produces short-lived contraction of guinea pig trachea at 300 microM.
Characteristics and the present status of SAW materials in Japanese industries (1993)

Abstract Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices have been used for filters, delay lines, resonators and oscillators. Since the characteristics of SAW devices are determined by the piezoelectric substrate, SAW devices must be selected for appropriate material. This paper examines first the characteristics of SAW propagating through several kinds of piezoelectric substrates. Next, using the reports from companies involved with SAW devices, the application and development of piezoelectric materials and the present status of SAW devices will be summarized. The future of SAW materials will also be described.
采用间接复位、钢板固定、不植骨的方法治疗稳定的股骨干髓内假体周围骨折 (2006)

背景：间接复位技术相对于较早期的开放复位技术具有能够提高骨愈合率及减少植骨的优势，我们对以间接复位治疗股骨干假体周围骨折的结果进行了研究。 方法：连续对50例稳定的股骨干髓内假体周围骨折（Vancourvr B1型）进行治疗，根据病例记录包括切开复位、间接复位、外侧单钢板固定且不行同种异体或其他植骨。4例术后早期死亡，5例随访时间短，对其余41例（平均年龄72岁）进行了平均24个月的随访，并进行临床和影像学评估。 结果：所有骨折平均12周（7～23周）愈合，对位满意。1例有1根钢丝断裂，2例有1枚螺钉断裂，骨折最终愈合且无明显的内置物松动和对位不良。1例发生围手术期深部感染。41例中30例行走功能恢复到骨折前的状态。 结论：结果证实间接复位骨膜外侧单钢板固定且不进行植骨的方法对于稳定的股骨干髓内假体周围骨折的疗效是应该肯定的。 可信水平：治疗性研究，Ⅳ级，进一步可信度参见作者介绍。
Dual Beneficial Effect of Interloop Disulfide Bond for Single Domain Antibody Fragments (2011)

The antigen-binding fragment of functional heavy chain antibodies (HCAbs) in camelids comprises a single domain, named the variable domain of heavy chain of HCAbs (VHH). The VHH harbors remarkable amino acid substitutions in the framework region-2 to generate an antigen-binding domain that functions in the absence of a light chain partner. The substitutions provide a more hydrophilic, hence more soluble, character to the VHH but decrease the intrinsic stability of the domain. Here we investigate the functional role of an additional hallmark of dromedary VHHs, i.e. the extra disulfide bond between the first and third antigen-binding loops. After substituting the cysteines forming this interloop cystine by all 20 amino acids, we selected and characterized several VHHs that retain antigen binding capacity. Although VHH domains can function in the absence of an interloop disulfide bond, we demonstrate that its presence constitutes a net advantage. First, the disulfide bond stabilizes the domain and counteracts the destabilization by the framework region-2 hallmark amino acids. Second, the disulfide bond rigidifies the long third antigen-binding loop, leading to a stronger antigen interaction. This dual beneficial effect explains the in vivo antibody maturation process favoring VHH domains with an interloop disulfide bond.
Expression of polypeptide GalNAc-transferases in stratified epithelia and squamous cell carcinomas: immunohistological evaluation using monoclonal antibodies to three members of the GalNAc-transferase family (1999)

Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by a large family of UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N -acetyl-galactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-transferases). Individual GalNAc-transferases appear to have different functions and Northern analysis indicates that they are differently expressed in different organs. This suggests that O-glycosylation may vary with the repertoire of GalNAc-transferases expressed in a given cell. In order to study the repertoire of GalNAc-transferases in situ in tissues and changes in tumors, we have generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with well defined specificity for human GalNAc-T1, -T2, and -T3. Application of this panel of novel antibodies revealed that GalNAc- transferases are differentially expressed in different cell lines, in spermatozoa, and in oral mucosa and carcinomas. For example, GalNAc-T1 and -T2 but not -T3 were highly expressed in WI38 cells, and GalNAc-T3 but not GalNAc-T1 or -T2 was expressed in spermatozoa. The expression patterns in normal oral mucosa were found to vary with cell differentiation, and for GalNAc-T2 and -T3 this was reflected in oral squamous cell carcinomas. The expression pattern of GalNAc-T1 was on the other hand changed in tumors to either total loss or expression in cytological poorly differentiated tumor cells, where the normal undifferentiated cells lacked expression. These results demonstrate that the repertoire of GalNAc-transferases is different in different cell types and vary with cellular differentiation, and malignant transformation. The implication of this is not yet fully understood, but it suggests that specific changes in sites of O-glycosylation of proteins may occur as a result of changes in the repertoire of GalNAc-transferases.
Estimating 3D Surface Depth Based on Depth-of-Field Image Fusion (2011)

Image fusion is a process of combining a set of images of the same scene into one composite image. The main objective of this technique is to obtain an image that is more suitable for visual perception. This composite image has reduced uncertainty and minimal redundancy while the essential information is maximized. In other words, image fusion integrates redundant and complementary information frommultiple images into a composite image but also decreases dimensionality. There aremanymethods discovered and discussed in literature that focus on image fusion. They vary with the aim of application used, but they can be mainly categorized due to algorithms used into pyramid techniques (Burt (1984); Toet (1989)), morphological methods (Ishita et al. (2006); Mukopadhyay & Chanda (2001); Matsopoulos et al. (1994)), discrete wavelet transform (Li et al. (1995); Chibani & Houacine (2003); Lewiset al. (2007)) and neural network fusion (Ajjimarangsee & Huntsberger (1988)). The different classification of image fusion involves pixel, feature and symbolic levels (Goshtasby (2007)). Pixel-level algorithms are low level methods and work either in the spatial or in transform domain. This kind of algorithms work as a local operation despite of transform used and can generate undesirable artifacts. These methods can be enhanced by using multiresolution analysis (Burt (1984)) or by complex wavelet transform (Lewiset al. (2007)). Feature-based methods use segmentation algorithms to divide images into relevant patterns and then combine them to create output image by using various properties (Piella (2003)). High-level methods combine image descriptions, typically, in the form of relational graphs (Wiliams et al. (1999)). In this work we use image fusion algorithm to achieve first of our aims, i.e. to obtain the deepest possible depth-of-field in macro-photography using standard digital camera images. Macro photography is a type of close-up photography. In the classical definition it is described as photography in which the image on film or electronic sensor is at least as large as the subject. Therefore, on 35mm film, the camera has to have the ability to focus on an area at least as small as 24× 36mm, equivalent to the image size on film (magnification 1:1). In other words, macro photography means photographing objects at extreme close-ups with magnification ratios from about 1:1 to about 10:1. There are some primary difficulties in macro photography; one of the most crucial is the problem of insufficient lighting. When using some 5
The ink drop sensor-a means of making ink-jet printers more reliable (2003)

An ink-drop sensor has been developed for use in ink-jet printers so that the function of the multinozzle printhead can be checked before printing starts or cyclically during printing. If the sensor detects that one or more nozzles have failed, the printhead can be restored to correct operation in a service station. This process, which is completely automatic and requires no intervention on the part of the user, increases the reliability of the ink-jet printer. The sensor principle utilizes the electrical conductivity of the ink. When ink droplets from any nozzle in the printhead are ejected onto comblike electrodes, conductive links are established between the prongs of these electrode combs, and changes in resistance can be measured at the sensor terminals. These changes in resistance are then converted in a signal-conditioning circuit into digital voltage signals. The author also discusses modified versions of the sensor suitable for special applications such as measuring the flight time of ink droplets and determining print position errors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Drug-induced hair colour changes (2016)

Hair colour modifications comprise lightening/greying, darkening, or even a complete hair colour change, which may involve the scalp and/or all body hair. Systemic medications may cause hair loss or hypertrichosis, while hair colour change is an uncommon adverse effect. The rapidly increasing use of new target therapies will make the observation of these side effects more frequent. A clear relationship between drug intake and hair colour modification may be difficult to demonstrate and the underlying mechanisms of hair changes are often unknown. To assess whether a side effect is determined by a specific drug, different algorithms or scores (e.g. Naranjo, Karch, Kramer, and Begaud) have been developed. The knowledge of previous similar reports on drug reactions is a key point of most algorithms, therefore all adverse events should be recognised and reported to the scientific community. Furthermore, even if hair colour change is not a life-threatening side effect, it is of deep concern for patient's quality of life and adherence to treatment. We performed a review of the literature on systemic drugs which may induce changes in hair colour.
Verification of temporal properties in automotive embedded software (2008)

The amount of software in embedded systems has increased significantly over the last years and, therefore, the verification of embedded software is of fundamental importance. One of the main problems in embedded software is to verify variables and functions based on temporal properties. Formal property verification using model checker often suffers from the state space explosion problem when a large software design is considered. In this paper, we propose two new approaches to integrate assertions in the verification of embedded software using simulation-based verification. Firstly, we extended a SystemC hardware temporal checker with interfaces in order to monitor the embedded software variables and functions that are stored in a microprocessor memory model. Secondly, we derived a SystemC model from the original C program in order to integrate directly with the SystemC temporal checker. We performed a case study on an embedded software from automotive industry which is responsible for controlling read and write requests to a non-volatile memory.
Purification, molecular cloning and functional characterization of flavonoid <i><scp>C</scp></i>‐glucosyltransferases from <i><scp>F</scp>agopyrum esculentum </i><scp>M</scp>. (buckwheat) cotyledon (2014)

C-Glycosides are characterized by their C-C bonds in which the anomeric carbon of the sugar moieties is directly bound to the carbon atom of aglycon. C-Glycosides are remarkably stable, as their C-C bonds are resistant to glycosidase or acid hydrolysis. A variety of plant species are known to accumulate C-glycosylflavonoids; however, the genes encoding for enzymes that catalyze C-glycosylation of flavonoids have been identified only from Oryza sativa (rice) and Zea mays (maize), and have not been identified from dicot plants. In this study, we identified the C-glucosyltransferase gene from the dicot plant Fagopyrum esculentum M. (buckwheat). We purified two isozymes from buckwheat seedlings that catalyze C-glucosylation of 2-hydroxyflavanones, which are expressed specifically in the cotyledon during seed germination. Following purification we isolated the cDNA corresponding to each isozyme [FeCGTa (UGT708C1) and FeCGTb (UGT708C2)]. When expressed in Escherichia coli, both proteins demonstrated C-glucosylation activity towards 2-hydroxyflavanones, dihydrochalcone, trihydroxyacetophenones and other related compounds with chemical structures similar to 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of plant glycosyltransferases shows that flavonoid C-glycosyltransferases form a different clade with other functionally analyzed plant glycosyltransferases.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Separation of Fullerene‐60 and ‐70. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Screen Image and Subjectivity of 3D First-Person Shooting Game (2010)

This study examines the characteristics of screen image of 3D first-person shooting games and the newly created subjectivity by that image. 3D first-person shooting games create immersion by remediating the visual experience in the real world. The construction of subjective perspectives and comparatively clear interface are the important features of 3D first-person shooting games. The subjectivity created by this games' image is different from the subjectivity constructed by suture of film. Gamers have the dominant position of the subject of looking, gaming and narrating, but the narrating position is never permanent nor stable. Because the position has the limited sight of first-person, not the comprehensive sight of third-person.