gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recovery of MAO-B enzyme activity after (-)deprenyl (selegiline) pretreatment, measured in vivo. (1989)

The recovery of MAO-B activity after a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg s.c. (-)deprenyl was measured in rat, by following the time course of the changes in the PEA (phenyl-ethylamine)-induced hyperactivity. One hour after its administration (-)deprenyl enhanced both the PEA-induced locomotion and stereotypy, however, its effect on the latter was more marked. At 24 h and at later time-points only stereotype was enhanced. The results show that a single small dose of (-)deprenyl which selectively blocks MAO-B, causes a long-lasting inhibition of PEA metabolism, and the enzyme activity needs more than one week to restore completely.
Extended stability of ascorbic acid in 5% dextrose injection and 0.9% sodium chloride injection (2005)

Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells.1 Ascorbic acid 1000 mg, given intravenously over 15 minutes, has been administered after doses of arsenic trioxide to decrease the intracellular levels of glutathione.2,–6 Elevated glutathione levels are thought to be the primary mechanism by which multiple myeloma cells develop resistance to arsenic trioxide. Currently, no published studies exist on the stability of ascorbic acid in small volumes of i.v. fluids. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of ascorbic acid in both 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% dextrose injections over 24 hours at room temperature and protected from light. Ascorbic acid 1000 mga was added to 100-mL bags of 5% Dextrose, USP,b and 0.9% Sodium Chloride, USP,c (10-mg/mL nominal concentration). The solutions were then kept at room temperature (23–25 °C), protected from light, and assayed at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after preparation.
Intestinal permeability in patients with irritable bowel syndrome after a waterborne outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in Walkerton, Ontario (2004)

Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms are associated with a subtle increase in intestinal permeability irrespective of prior gastroenteritis. This may improve understanding of the aetiology of both sporadic and post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.
Anion Exchange Separation of Rare Earths in Methanol‐Nitric Acid Mixed Solutions I. Study on the Distribution Coefficients and Column Elution Method (1972)

Abstract Anion exchange method for the mutual separation of rare earth was studied in methanol‐nitric acid mixed solutions. For each of rare earth element, the distribution coefficients in different concentrations of nitric acid and also in various compositions of methanol solution were studied with the batch equilibrium method. From these distribution coefficients, elution of rare earth by gradient variation in the compositions of methonal was devised. That is, by keeping constant nitric acid at 2 N acidity and gradiently diluting methanol from its original 80% by volume. Results were satisfactory for the mutual separation of the lighter rare earths, but only fairly for the heavier earths. The secondary metal effect for this anion exchange was also studied in 80% by volume of methanol solution by keeping total concentration of nitrate at 0.8 N . Distribution coefficients were larger than nitric acid with LiNO 3 but smaller in the case of NH 4 NO 3 and NaNO 3 . Despite of these difference in distribution coefficients, no remarkable differences were observed for the separation factors of adjacent pairs.
Pichia pastoris Exhibits High Viability and a Low Maintenance Energy Requirement at Near-Zero Specific Growth Rates (2016)

The yeast Pichia pastoris naturally lives on trees and can utilize different carbon sources, among them glucose, glycerol, and methanol. In biotechnology, it is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins. For both the understanding of life in its natural habitat and optimized production processes, a better understanding of cell physiology at an extremely low growth rate would be of extraordinary value. Therefore, we have grown P. pastoris in a retentostat, which allows the cultivation of metabolically active cells even at zero growth. Here we reached doubling times as long as 38 days and found that P. pastoris decreases its maintenance energy demand 3-fold during very slow growth, which enables it to survive with a much lower substrate supply than baker's yeast.
Towards automatic incorporation of search engines into a large-scale metasearch engine (2004)

A metasearch engine supports unified access to multiple component search engines. To build a very large-scale metasearch engine that can access up to hundreds of thousands of component search engines, one major challenge is to incorporate large numbers of autonomous search engines in a highly effective manner. To solve this problem, we propose automatic search engine discovery, automatic search engine connection, and automatic search engine result extraction techniques. Experiments indicate that these techniques are highly effective and efficient.
Syntheses of Rare Earth Orthophosphates (1978)

Abstract Rare Earth orthophosphates have been synthesized and examined by X-ray diffraction, DTA and TGA. Six types have been found: a) the monazite type RPO4, b) the xenotime type RPO4, c) the hexagonal form RPO4·0.5H2O, d) the weinschenkite type RPO4·2H2O, e) the orthorhombic form DyPO4·1.5H2O and f) the amorphous phosphate.
Identification of taxonomic and epidemiological relationships among Campylobacter species by numerical analysis of AFLP profiles (2000)

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-based profiling was performed on 138 strains representing all named Campylobacter species and subspecies. Profiles of 15/16 species comprised 6 to greater than 100 fragments and were subjected to numerical analysis. The mean similarity of 48 duplicate, outbreak and/or ‘identical’ strain profiles exceeded 94%. Species were clearly distinguished at the 17.90% similarity (S-) level in the dendrogram. Subspecies of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter hyointestinalis, and biovars of Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter sputorum were distinguished at higher S-levels. All outbreak or ‘genetically identical’ strains of C. jejuni subsp. jejuni, Campylobacter coli, C. hyointestinalis and C. sputorum clustered at S-levels >92% and were distinguished from unrelated strains. Numerical analysis of AFLP profiles is useful for concurrent identification of taxonomic and epidemiological relationships among most Campylobacter species.
Wireless sensing without sensors—an experimental study of motion/intrusion detection using RF irregularity (2010)

Motion and intrusion detection are often cited as wireless sensor network (WSN) applications with typical configurations comprising clusters of wireless nodes equipped with motion sensors to detect human motion. Currently, WSN performance is subjected to several constraints, namely radio irregularity and finite on-board computation/energy resources. Radio irregularity in radio frequency (RF) propagation rises to a higher level in the presence of human activity due to the absorption effect of the human body. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of monitoring RF transmission for the purpose of intrusion detection through experimentation. With empirical data obtained from the Crossbow TelosB platform in several different environments, the impact of human activity on the signal strength of RF signals in a WSN is evaluated. We then propose a novel approach to intrusion detection by turning a constraint in WSN, namely radio irregularity, into an advantage for the purpose of intrusion detection, using signal fluctuations to detect the presence of human activity within the WSN. Unlike RF fingerprinting, the 'intruders' here neither transmit nor receive any RF signals. By enabling existing wireless infrastructures to serve as intrusion detectors instead of deploying numerous costly sensors, this approach shows great promise for providing novel solutions.
Optimization of effective variance based CAC algorithms (2002)

The problem of connection admission control (CAC) in ATM networks is studied. The target is to find a realistic CAC algorithm implementation for real networks. The key requirements are that the scheme should be based on standardized traffic parameters, provide high utilization and the calculations should be sufficiently simple to be performed in real time. After comparing some promising schemes we discover that an effective variance based CAC algorithm produces very accurate results and thus concentrate on the determination of the model parameters. As the validity of the CAC scheme must be tested with diverse traffic cases a genetic algorithm based approach is used to optimize the parameter values.
THE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF VILOXAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE—A NEW ANTIDEPRESSANT OF NOVEL CHEMICAL STRUCTURE (1974)

The clinical pharmacological properties of viloxazine hydrochloride (ICI 58, 834, Vivalan), a new antidepressant of novel chemical structure, have been investigated in a series of double‐blind randomized studies comparing it with placebo and imipramine. Throughout the studies, viloxazine hydrochloride was given in single doses of 100 mg (expressed as base), and imipramine hydrochloride was given in single doses of 50 mg (expressed as salt). The effect of viloxazine upon the following parameters was measured: pulse rate, blood pressure, forced expiratory volume, reaction time, critical flicker frequency, salivary flow, pupil size and palpebral fissure size. In addition, the possible interaction between viloxazine and alcohol was investigated using measurements of reaction time. Both viloxazine and imipramine produced a transient tachycardia, but no consistent effect on blood pressure was seen. Neither drug had any effect upon forced expiratory volume. The differences that emerged between viloxazine and imipramine were that viloxazine depressed critical flicker frequency whereas imipramine did not, and imipramine prolonged reaction time whilst viloxazine did not. Imipramine reduced salivary flow and increased the size of the pupil and palpebral fissure. Viloxazine did neither. Imipramine was shown to potentiate alcohol whereas, at the doses used, viloxazine did not. It is concluded that viloxazine appears to have less anticholinergic and possibly less sympathomimetic properties than imipramine. It is also concluded that viloxazine, unlike imipramine, does not potentiate alcohol.
Pressure and Temperature Effects on Octahedral-Tetrahedral Equilibria in Pyridine Solutions of Some Cobalt(II) Halides (1983)

Abstract The visible absorption spectra of CoX2 (X=Cl, Br) in pyridine solutions have been measured in the ranges 1 bar—3 kbar at room temperature, and ≈4—≈70 °C at 1 atm. The equilibrium, [CoX2(py)2](tetrahedral)+2py\ightleftharpoons[CoX2(py)4](octahedral), is found to be followed over these pressure and temperature ranges. High pressure favors the octahedral species, with the volume changes, −41 cm3/mol for the chloride and ≈−30 cm3/mol for the bromide at 1 atm. The pressure dependence of the volume change is less for the bromide than for the chloride. High temperature, however, favors the tetrahedral species, with the heats of reaction, 57.3 and 60.7 kJ/mol for the chloride and the bromide, respectively. Some discussions on both the effects are also presented.
Practical DPA attacks on MDPL (2009)

There exist only two articles that present clear results of practical DPA attacks against an MDPL prototype chip and both are essentially in favour of its security. Unsuccessful attacks are however only weak evidence of security, and at present it is unclear to what extent some proposed theoretical concepts affect the security provided by MDPL in practice. We fill this gap and present results of an extensive case study of attacks against an MDPL prototype chip. In contrast with other practical works, we demonstrate successful DPA attacks and show that MDPL implementations, resistant to standard DPA attacks, can be broken in practice. Further, we show that the underlying concept of the folding attack, i.e. analysis of probability densities, indeed exposes MDPL's greatest weakness: the masking renders the circuit more vulnerable to attacks than a circuit with a fixed mask. In addition, our analysis leads to novel insights into the power consumption properties of MDPL in real silicon.
A feasibility study to determine the benefits of upper extremity virtual rehabilitation therapy for coping with chronic pain post-cancer surgery (2016)

This pilot study demonstrated feasibility of using the BrightArm Duo Rehabilitation System to treat cancer survivors coping with upper body chronic pain. Outcomes indicate improvement in cognition, shoulder range, strength, function and depression.
An efficient authentication protocol for GSM networks (2002)

Today, the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is widely recognised as the modern mobile network architecture. A large portion of GSM network traffic is a produced by constant signaling between mobile stations and the base stations. In order to reduce the network traffic, various signaling protocols have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a new authentication protocol, which is able not only to reduce the network traffic, but also to reduce mobile station power consumption. Moreover, this protocol is highly secure.
Design of a contactless energy transfer system for desktop peripherals (2010)

This paper presents an approach to design a contactless energy transfer system to supply desktop computer peripherals. Energy is transferred using coreless transformers from an array of primary coils (placed on a table) to one or several secondary coils (placed under the peripheral). Knowing the geometrical structure of the coils of a coreless transformer, accurate calculations allow to predict the power that can be transferred to a load. By applying these calculations to one basic energy transfer cell, it is then possible to design a whole table that is able to supply many consumers at any location. The main problem with such systems is that the energy transfer is not constant along the surface and may even not be enough to supply an electronic device. This paper proposes several solutions to solve this problem.
Erythropoietic, neurotrophic, and angiogenic functions of erythropoietin and regulation of erythropoietin production. (1999)

Stimulation of erythrocyte formation has been generally thought to be the sole physiological function of erythropoietin. Erythropoietin and its receptors, however, are also expressed in the central nervous system. In addition, erythropoietin is produced in the uterus in an estrogen-dependent manner. Novel functions of erythropoietin in these local sites are presented.
PHYML Online--a web server for fast maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic inference (2005)

PHYML Online is a web interface to PHYML, a software that implements a fast and accurate heuristic for estimating maximum likelihood phylogenies from DNA and protein sequences. This tool provides the user with a number of options, e.g. nonparametric bootstrap and estimation of various evolutionary parameters, in order to perform comprehensive phylogenetic analyses on large datasets in reasonable computing time. The server and its documentation are available at http://atgc.lirmm.fr/phyml.
The Senescence of Spermatozoa, II (1931)

ABSTRACT In a recent paper (Gray, 1928 a) the progressive loss of activity of a suspension of Echinus sperm was considered from two points of view; firstly, as a process of spontaneous and irreversible depletion of available energy and secondly, as a process of auto-intoxication whereby the products of activity inhibit the essential reactions of life. Both of these hypotheses led to a quantitative relationship between the total oxygen absorbed by a suspension and the period of time which had elapsed since the beginning of active life. This relationship was, in both cases, in harmony with that recorded by experiment, so that it is only possible to judge the relative merits of the two hypotheses by the intrinsic probability of the underlying assumptions, or by the provision of more specific data. An attempt to provide such data has proved detrimental to both theories.
Dynamic load sharing with unknown memory demands in clusters (2002)

A compute farm is a pool of clustered workstations to provide high performance computing services for CPU-intensive, memory-intensive, and I/O active jobs in a batch mode. Existing load sharing schemes with memory considerations assume jobs' memory demand sizes are known in advance or predictable based on users' hints. This assumption can greatly simplify the designs and implementations of load sharing schemes, but is not desirable in practice. In order to address this concern, we present three new results and contributions in this study. Conducting Linux kernel instrumentation, we have collected different types of workload execution traces to quantitatively characterize job interactions, and modeled page fault behavior as a function of the overloaded memory sizes and the amount of jobs' I/O activities. Based on experimental results and collected dynamic system information, we have built a simulation model which accurately emulates the memory system operations and job migrations with virtual memory considerations. We have proposed a memory-centric load sharing scheme and its variations to effectively process dynamic memory, allocation demands, aiming at minimizing execution time of each individual job by dynamically migrating and remotely submitting jobs to eliminate or reduce page faults and to reduce the queuing time for CPU services. Conducting trace-driven simulations, we have examined these load sharing policies to show their effectiveness.
Recent innovations in edible and/or biodegradable packaging materials (1997)

Certain newly discovered characteristics of natural biopolymers should make them a choice material to be used for different types of wrappings and films. Edible and/or biodegradable packagings produced from agricultural origin macromolecules provide a supplementary and sometimes essential means to control physiological, microbiological, and physicochemical changes in food products. This is accomplished (i) by controlling mass transfers between food product and ambient atmosphere or between components in heterogeneous food product, and (iii) by modifying and controlling food surface conditions (pH, level of specific functional agents, slow release of flavour compounds), it should be stressed that the material characteristics (polysaccharide, protein, or lipid, plasticized or not, chemically modified or not, used alone or in combination) and the fabrication procedures (casting of a film-forming solution, thermoforming) must be adapted to each specific food product and usage condition (relative humidity, temperature). Some potential uses of these materials (e.g. wrapping of various fabricated foods; protection of fruits and vegetables by control of maturation; protection of meat and fish; control of internal moisture transfer in pizzas), which are hinged on film properties (e.g. organoleptic, mechanical, gas and solute barrier) are described with examples.
Improving Testing Efficiency using Cumulative Test Analysis (2006)

It can be impossible to thoroughly test complex software projects with a large library of tests to be run in many environments and configurations. The Cumulative Test Analysis (CTA) technique described reduces the time to find defects by prioritising and minimising the testing. Tests are chosen to target the product areas having the highest risk of defects. Test effectiveness, test code coverage, product code changes and changes to dependencies are monitored and analysed to prioritise the testing. Test results from build to build are accumulated. Build reports clearly identify areas at risk, test results, and the tests that must be run. Experiences with a prototype tool are discussed and conclusions drawn from the use of CTA show that defects are found sooner, more time is available for writing new tests and the focus of test execution moves towards product quality instead of simply test results.
Radioimmunoassay of 2-hydroxyestrone in urine (1994)

Catechol estrogens such as 2-OH estrone are interesting estrogen metabolites formed in several human tissues and excreted in urine. We developed and thoroughly validated a radioimmunoassay for urinary 2-OH estrone that has several advantages over published RIAs. Because we developed a relatively specific antiserum, we did not include a preliminary chromatographic step to eliminate cross-reacting urinary steroids. We hydrolyzed urinary steroid conjugates with beta-glucuronidase from Helix pomatia because recoveries after acid hydrolysis were only 49.6% compared with 73.8% after enzyme hydrolysis. Published RIAs for urinary 2-OH estrone use acid hydrolysis. Our RIA measured 2-OH estrone independently of the volume of sample, and the detection limit was between 100 and 240 ng/L (10-24 pg per tube). The ED50 was 370 ng/L, and inter- and intraassay CVs for low, medium, and high concentrations were 22.5%, 22.8%, and 19.9%, and 17.4%, 14.3%, and 10.8%, respectively. Median concentrations measured in 14 controls and 33 postmenopausal patients with breast cancer were 0.96 and 1.55 micrograms/g creatinine, respectively, but there was considerable overlap between values from controls and patients.
Noninvasive Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers in Human Emanations for Health and Early Disease Diagnosis (2013)

Early disease diagnosis is crucial for human healthcare and successful therapy. Since any changes in homeostatic balance can alter human emanations, the components of breath exhalations and skin emissions may be diagnostic biomarkers for various diseases and metabolic disorders. Since hundreds of endogenous and exogenous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released from the human body, analysis of these VOCs may be a noninvasive, painless, and easy diagnostic tool. Sampling and preconcentration by sorbent tubes/traps and solid-phase microextraction, in combination with GC or GC-MS, are usually used to analyze VOCs. In addition, GC-MS-olfactometry is useful for simultaneous analysis of odorants and odor quality. Direct MS techniques are also useful for the online real-time detection of VOCs. This review focuses on recent developments in sampling and analysis of volatile biomarkers in human odors and/or emanations, and discusses future use of VOC analysis.
Role of Protic and Dipolar Aprotic Solvents in Heterocyclic Syntheses via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions (1973)

This review surveys the role of protic and dipolar aprotic solvents in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions and explains how it could be used to advantage in heterocyclic syntheses. Special effort is made throughout the article to point out how protic and dipolar aprotic solvents affect the rates of cycloaddition reactions and how proper understanding and use of these solvent effects could help in performing many cycloadditions with synthetical applications and thus enhance the versatility and synthetic utility of these reactions in general. 1. Mechanism of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions 1.1. Solvent and Substituent Effects 1.2. Protic and Dipolar Aprotic Solvent Effects 2. Applications 2.1. Investigation of Reaction Mechanisms 2.2. Heterocyclic Syntheses 3. Cycloadditions Involving Anionic 1,3-Dipoles 3.1. Direct 1,3-Cycloaddition of Azide Anion to C≡N Bonds and the Synthesis of Tetrazoles 3.2. Indirect 1,3-Cycloaddition of Azide Anion to Multiple Bonds
Optimal Systolic and Diastolic Reconstruction Windows for Coronary CT Angiography Using Dual-Source CT (2007)

Using dual-source CT, the overall optimal reconstruction window is at 75% of the R-R interval in patients with low or intermediate heart rates. In patients with heart rates of > 80 bpm, systolic reconstructions often yield superior image quality compared with diastolic reconstructions.