gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influenza Vaccination (1992)

The Minneapolis and Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Centers conduct virtually identical institution-wide influenza vaccination programs that include annual educational and publicity mailings to all outpatients. Despite these efforts, 40% to 50% of high-risk outpatients at both centers fail to receive influenza vaccine each year. To assess differences between high-risk vaccine recipients and nonrecipients, a self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 500 randomly selected outpatients from each site. The questionnaire asked about risk factors, vaccination status, and knowledge and attitudes regarding influenza and "flu shots." Patient risk characteristics and vaccination rates in Minneapolis and Pittsburgh were similar with 75.6% and 76.3% reporting high-risk conditions and 65.6% and 56.1% of high-risk respondents reporting influenza vaccination, respectively. High-risk vaccine recipients and nonrecipients had similar knowledge but different attitudes about influenza and "flu shots." Using stepwise logistic regression, factors positively associated with vaccination behavior were: intention to follow physician or nurse recommendations for "flu shots" (odds ratio [OR] = 7.09); previous vaccination behavior (OR = 6.36); and physician or nurse recommendations for a "flu shot" (OR = 4.29). Factors negatively associated with vaccination behavior were difficulty in coming to the medical center (OR = 0.42) and previous side effects from the vaccine (OR = 0.19). These findings suggest areas in need of additional emphasis if influenza vaccination rates are to be improved.
A study on substrate effects of silicon-based RF passive components (2003)

The substrate effects on the performance of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors and spiral inductors are critical to silicon RF IC's. Based on measured results and physical modeling, this paper presents an extensive study on the substrate parasitics. Contrary to common belief, it is shown that (1) the energy loss in lightly doped substrates is higher than that in epi substrates with heavily doped bulks, (2) the eddy current induced by inductors is negligible even in heavily doped epi substrates up to several giga-hertz, and (3) the high-frequency degradation of Q for inductors on epi substrates is due to a larger substrate parasitic capacitance which results in a lower self-resonant frequency compared to lightly doped cases. Furthermore, we report for the first time the improvement in Q for inductors on epi substrates with a patterned ground shield. A fourfold improvement in the Q of a LC resonator is achieved using polysilicon, or source/drain diffusion, PGS's.
On the role of photonic switching in future communications systems (1987)

The reasons for the growing interest in developing photonic switching and signal processing devices for future communications applications are examined. The foreseeable fundamental and technological limits for photonic switching technology are outlined, and areas in which photonics can be expected to be superior to other technologies are identified. Some examples of current research on electrooptic and all-optical switching elements are presented, and future prospects for photonic switching are discussed.
Kinetics of Distribution of Radioactive-Labeled Muscle Relaxants I. Investigations with C14-Dimethyl-d-Tubocurarine (1964)

A trace of C14-dimethyl-d-tubocurarine was administered intravenously to 26 control dogs and to 26 dogs under induced conditions of prolonged hypoxia, hypercapnia, shock and hypothermia. Fifteen hours subsequent to administration to the controls 0.8 per cent of the drug was still in plasma, 85 per cent was eliminated in the urine and 14 per cent was distributed in the extravascular space.
Radiochromatographic scannings suggested that C14-dlimethyl-d-tubocurarine remains unchanged in the body of the dog. Seventy per cent of the C14-dimethyl-d-tuhocurarine was bound to human plasma in vitro.—After trace injection, a moderate amount of labeled curarine (of the order of 10-5 of the administered dose) crossed the blood-brain barrier and appeared in cerebrospinal fluid. During the abnormal conditions a slower disappearance from plasma, impaired urinary elimination, higher and persistent accumulation in the extravascular space and increased passage into the CSF were found.
Optimization of Encoded Hydrogel Particles for Nucleic Acid Quantification (2009)

The accurate quantification of nucleic acids is of utmost importance for clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, and basic science research. These applications require the concurrent measurement of multiple targets while demanding high-throughput analysis, high sensitivity, specificity between closely related targets, and a wide dynamic range. In attempt to create a technology that can simultaneously meet these demands, we recently developed a method of multiplexed analysis using encoded hydrogel particles. Here, we demonstrate tuning of hydrogel porosity with semi-interpenetrating networks of poly(ethylene glycol), develop a quantitative model to understand hybridization kinetics, and use the findings from these studies to enhance particle design for nucleic acid detection. With an optimized particle design and efficient fluorescent labeling scheme, we demonstrate subattomole sensitivity and single-nucleotide specificity for small RNA targets.
Effect of policosanol on platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers. (1996)

Policosanol is a new drug whose cholesterol-lowering effects have been demonstrated in experimental models, healthy volunteers, and patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia. The effect of policosanol on platelet aggregation was investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study conducted on healthy volunteers. This included a trial of the effects of single doses (5 to 50 mg) and a study of the effects of repeated doses administered for 7 days. In the single-dose study, the percentage of platelet aggregation in response to the threshold concentration of ADP and epinephrine measured from 8:00 to 10:00 increased significantly in the placebo group, while policosanol (5, 10, 25 and 50 mg), administered orally, inhibited the increase of platelet aggregation induced by ADP and epinephrine determined at the same time. Policosanol administered at 20 mg/day for 7 days significantly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and epinephrine, although the inhibition reached by the 10 mg/day dose tended to be less significant (p = 0.06). A modest effect (p = 0.068) on collagen-induced platelet aggregation was only observed at the highest dose (50 mg/day). The low dose (5 mg/day) was ineffective. Policosanol did not affect the coagulation time when administered at single or repeated doses. No side-effects were reported in treated or placebo groups.
A Three-Dimensional Network Model for a Low Density Fibrous Composite (1998)

A procedure is described that predicts the mechanical behavior of a fibrous material by generating and analyzing finite element models of its three-dimensional microstructure. The approach is applicable to a class of materials with microstructures consisting of fibers connected at well-defined points. The procedure allows one to predict the effect of important sources of heterogeneity in these materials. Analyses determine initial elastic properties, failure mode, and strength of the composite; the failure analysis consists of tracking a progression of micro failures. The procedure is validated by comparison of predictions to test results.
Ultraviolet‐induced crosslinking of poly(vinyl alcohol) evaluated by principal component analysis of FTIR spectra (2001)

Abstract The crosslinking of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films under ultraviolet irradiation for between 1 and 4 h was studied in air at 25 °C in the presence of sodium benzoate by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) using the attenuated total reflectance technique (ATR). Principal component analysis (PCA) is a mathematical procedure that allows treatment of the entire infrared spectrum and is very appropriate for analysing the chemical modifications initiated by sodium benzoate which occur in PVA upon UV irradiation. By PCA it was possible to clarify the mechanism of crosslinking of PVA. From this FTIR–PCA study, it is suggested that a free radical arising from the photolysis of sensitizer would abstract a tertiary hydrogen atom from the polymer chain to yield a polymeric radical. This radical reacts with OH groups, leading to the formation of ether bonds between the polymeric chains and hence to crosslinking and insolubilization of the PVA. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Deformation Reduction of a MEMS Sensor by Stress Balancing of Multilayer (2008)

Stress balancing of a multilayer is presented to reduce out-of-plane deformation of a MEMS structure for infrared (IR) sensor application. The MEMS structure is designed to have a suspended membrane with two supporting legs, and fabricated by surface micromachining using a sacrificial polyimide. The uncontrolled stress of Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> /a-Si:H/Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> multilayer resulted in a large deformation of the membrane, likely causing problems in IR absorption and thermal isolation of the sensor. Flat membrane was successfully achieved by minimizing the residual stress of individual films and adjusting their relative thickness and distribution. Based on simple stress analyses, the deformation of sensor structure is suggested to be dominated by gradient stress rather than mean stress of the multilayer, likewise that of a monitoring cantilever.
Modeling of fixed bed adsorption of phenols on granular activated carbon (2008)

Mathematical modeling of liquid phase adsorption of phenols in fixed beds of granular activated carbon was investigated. The model considered the effects of axial diffusion in the fluid, the external film and internal diffusional mass transfer resistances of the particles, and the nonlinear adsorption isotherm of Freundlich. It was shown that the analysis of a complex multicomponent adsorption system could be simplified by converting it into a pseudo single-component adsorption system. This was achieved by lumping the concentrations of the components together as one single parameter, chemical oxygen demand. The resulting model equations were solved using the orthogonal collocation method and third-order semi-implicit Runge-Kutta method combined with a step-size adjustment strategy. Excellent agreement between simulated results and pilot plant data was obtained. Also, the breakthrough profiles revealed the formation of a primary monomolecular layer on the adsorbent surface.
Development and experimental verification of a genome-scale metabolic model for Corynebacterium glutamicum (2009)

The genome-scale metabolic model provides useful information for the evaluation of the metabolic capabilities and prediction of the metabolic characteristics of C. glutamicum. This can form a basis for the in silico design of C. glutamicum metabolic networks for improved bioproduction of desirable metabolites.
Enantioselective Chromatographic Resolution and One-Pot Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Sulfoxides over a Homochiral Zn−Organic Framework (2007)

(R)- and (S)- enantiomers of alkyl aryl sulfoxides can be obtained by chromatographic resolution of the racemic mixtures of the sulfoxides on a microporous homochiral Zn-organic polymer or by simultaneous catalytic oxidation of the corresponding sulfides with H2O2 and enantioselective chromatographic resolution of the resulting sulfoxides in a one-pot process.
Fruit photosynthesis (1989)

Abstract. In addition to photosynthesis as in the leaf, fruit possess a system which refixes CO 2 from the mitochondrial respiration of predominantly imported carbon. This pathway produces malate by the action of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, PEPC, (E.C. 4.1.1.31) and appears to be regulated primarily by the cytosolic concentration of HCO 3 /CO 2 and malate. Malate is stored in the vacuole as malic acid, constituting a major carbon pool and a potential substrate for respiration. The PEPC in apple fruit proves to be an efficient form of the enzyme with low Michaelis constants, i.e. Km = 0.09 mol m ‐3 PEP and 0.2 mol m –3 HCO 3 , and large Ki= 110 mol m ‐3 HCO 3 . In fleshy fruit, chlorophyll and chloroplasts are unevenly distributed; they resemble the C 3 sun‐type and arc concentrated in the perivascular tissue, with smaller chloroplasts, fewer grana per chloroplast and a larger degree of vacuolation than commonly found in a leaf of the same species. Fruit photosynthesis often compensates for respiratory CO 2 loss in the light. However, due to respiration in the dark, CO 2 loss is in excess of photosynthetic gain in the light, such that a continual loss of CO 2 was observed in the diurnal cycle and which is maintained throughout fruit development. The rate of CO 2 exchange decreases on a fresh weight or surface basis, but increases with fruit ontogeny on a per fruit basis, causing accumulation of several percent CO 2 in the internal cavity. Stomata are present in the outer epidermis of those fruits examined, but with a 10‐to 100‐fold lesser frequency than in the abaxial epidermis of leaf of the same species. The number of Stomata is set at anthesis and remained constant, while the stomatal frequency decreases as the fruit surface expands. Stomata are as sensitive as in leaves in the early stages of fruit development, but often are transformed into lenticels during fruit ontogeny, thereby decreasing the permeability of the outer epidermis. The discrepancy between the CO 2 ‐concentrating mechanism provided by PEPC analogous to C 4 /CAM Photosynthesis and the kinetics of fruit PEPC, characteristic of C 3 /non‐autotrophic tissue, suggests the definition of a new type of ‘fruit photosynthesis’ rather than its categorization within an existing type.
Plasma lipid concentrations, macronutrient digestibility and mineral absorption in dogs fed a dry food containing medium‐chain triglycerides (2002)

In a cross-over trial with feeding periods of 2 weeks, six healthy dogs were fed a dry food with a total fat content of 13.4% and containing either 5% (w/w) corn oil (11% of dietary metabolizable energy) or an isoenergetic amount of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). The two diets were supplied on a restricted basis. There were no food refusals and no diet difference in palatability was observed. The MCT vs. Corn oil did not significantly influence plasma lipid concentrations, but group mean triacylglycerol concentrations were increased by 23% (p=0.074). The MCT consumption did not affect the apparent digestibilities of crude protein and soluble carbohydrates and had no impact on the absorption of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. The incorporation of MCT into the diet produced a slight increase (by 0.9 percentage units) in crude fat digestibility (p=0.061). It is concluded that MCT at the present inclusion level may not have disadvantageous effects.
System Acetic Acid-Water-Dimethylaniline (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSystem Acetic Acid-Water-DimethylanilineLeo Garwin and P. O. HaddadCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 3, 435–437Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60075a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60075a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views40Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intelligent Systems that Combine Pervasive Computing and Social Networking (2012)

Despite the obvious importance of pervasive computing to help the user cope with the growing number of devices and services that surround her, thus far the take-up of developments emanating from research in this area has been somewhat limited. On the other hand Social Networking Systems have developed at an extraordinary rate with widespread take-up. By bringing together these two paradigms in an integrated and seamless way one can create a Pervasive Social Networking (PSN) system that can provide the benefits of both. To assist in developing pervasive systems the notion of a Personal Smart Space was introduced. This paper extends this notion to that of a Cooperating Smart Space and the accompanying Community Interaction Space which can be used as a basis for developing a PSN. The Societies project is currently using this to develop a PSN which will be evaluated in terms of its usefulness and effectiveness in a series of field trials with real users starting in the last quarter of 2012. The largest of these will involve a cohort of students and this paper also reports briefly on preparatory work leading to the implementation of the PSN system to be used in the student trials.
Bulk silicon based temperature sensor (2005)

A bulk silicon temperature sensor is fabricated in this work. The objective is to develop a low-cost high resolution temperature sensor. The target applications are a Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) sensor for oceanic applications and a magnetocaloric microcooler. The properties of silicon are modified by thermal diffusion of gold. Gold is a fast diffuser in silicon and its diffusion contributes to the increase in resistivity of silicon. The addition of gold to n-type silicon creates a negative temperature coefficient device. The effect of the diffusing environment was investigated by diffusing in oxygen and nitrogen ambient at various temperatures. The influence of area of gold diffusion was also investigated. The effect of temperature on resistance was measured and was used to calibrate the sensor. Although the sensors fabricated in an oxygen environment have an exponential type response, they can be used in the CTD application because of enhanced sensitivity in the 10 C 30 C temperature range. Sensors fabricated in a nitrogen environment are found to have linear response with sensitivity ranging from 7Ω/ C to 3000Ω/ C and can be used for both applications. The fabricated sensors have a 0.1 C resolution. 1 CHAPTER
Diagnosis of Wing Icing Through Lift and Drag Coefficient Change Detection for Small (2015)

This paper address the issue of structural change, caused by ice accretion, on UAVs by utilising a Neyman Pearson (NP) based statistical change detection approach, for the identification of structural changes of fixed wing UAV airfoils. A structural analysis is performed on the nonlinear aircraft system and residuals are generated, where a generalised likelihood ratio test is applied to detect faults. Numerical simulations demonstrate a robust detection with adequate balance between false alarm rate and sensitivity.
Particle Density Correction for the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (1987)

An analytical formula has been derived to calculate the calibration curve for particles of any given density from the calibration curve for an aerosol of a different density. The Aerodynamic Particle Sizer is based on the principle that particles accelerated from a nozzle will lag the flow, depending on their aerodynamic diameter. Because of the high flow velocity, the particle acceleration is beyond the Stokes regime, leading to a dependence on particle density. The correction formula is justified by a combination of analysis and numerical trajectory computations. The density effect is appreciable. For example, if the instrument is calibrated with unit density aerosol, 20-μm particles of density 4.0 will be oversized by 20%. The corrected calibration curves are in agreement with measurements by Baron (1984).
A novel class of somatic mutations in blood detected preferentially in CD8 + cells (2016)

Somatic mutations have a central role in cancer but their role in other diseases such as autoimmune disorders is poorly understood. Earlier work has provided indirect evidence of rare somatic mutations in autoreactive T-lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients but such mutations have not been identified thus far. We analysed somatic mutations in blood in 16 patients with relapsing MS and 4 with other neurological autoimmune disease. To facilitate the detection of somatic mutations CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ and CD4-/CD8-/CD19- cell subpopulations were separated. We performed next-generation DNA sequencing targeting 986 immune-related genes. Somatic mutations were called by comparing the sequence data of each cell subpopulation to other subpopulations of the same patient and validated by amplicon sequencing. We found non-synonymous somatic mutations in 12 (60%) patients (10 MS, 1 myasthenia gravis, 1 narcolepsy). There were 27 mutations, all different and mostly novel (67%). They were discovered at subpopulation-wise allelic fractions of 0.2%-4.6% (median 0.95%). Multiple mutations were found in 8 patients. The mutations were enriched in CD8+ cells (85% of mutations). In follow-up after a median time of 2.3years, 96% of the mutations were still detectable. These results unravel a novel class of persistent somatic mutations, many of which were in genes that may play a role in autoimmunity (ATM, BTK, CD46, CD180, CLIP2, HMMR, IKFZF3, ITGB3, KIR3DL2, MAPK10, CD56/NCAM1, RBM6, RORA, RPA1 and STAT3). Whether some of this class of mutations plays a role in disease is currently unclear, but these results define an interesting hitherto unknown research target for future studies.
Molecular analysis of the genomic inversion and insertion ofAF10 intoMLL suggests a single-step event (2001)

The interstitial insertion of genetic material from one chromosome into another can achieve the type of gene-gene fusions more usually associated with chromosome translocations. An example of such an interstitial insertion, which has created an MLL-AF10 fusion in an acute myeloid leukaemia, has been analysed at the genomic level. The genomic fusion, which resulted in the juxtaposition of 3' AF10 sequence to 5' MLL sequence, was identified within MLL and AF10 intronic sequences. It was further established that the remaining 3' MLL sequence, from exon 6 onwards, was fused to novel sequence of unknown origin (named FM3 for fused to MLL 3'). The points of fusion of these 5' and 3' portions of MLL matched to adjacent nucleotides and lay between exons 5 and 6. The FM3 sequence was shown to be from chromosome arm 10p and located close to AF10 in a proximal position. It was subsequently demonstrated that in the leukaemia a third fusion existed between 5' AF10 and the FM3 sequence at a point immediately downstream from its fusion to MLL. It was therefore concluded that the MLL-AF10 gene fusion is the result of a simultaneous transposition of genetic material into the MLL gene and the joining of the remaining free ends on chromosome 10. This kind of event, characterised completely here for the first time, is a means to achieve a fusion when the genes involved lie in opposite orientations and results in three genomic junctions.