gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enolase-1 is a therapeutic target in endometrial carcinoma (2015)

ENO1 plays a paradoxical role in driving the pathogenesis of tumors. However, the clinical significance of ENO1 expression remains unclear and its function and modulatory mechanisms have never been reported in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In this study, ENO1 silencing significantly reduced cell glycolysis, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, as well as tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo by modulating p85 suppression. This in turn mediated inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling and its downstream signals including glycolysis, cell cycle progression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes. These effects on glycolysis and cell growth were not observed after ENO1 suppression in normal human endometrial epithelial cells (HEEC). Knocking down ENO1 could significantly enhance the sensitivity of EC cells to cisplatin (DDP) and markedly inhibited the growth of EC xenografts in vivo. In clinical samples, EC tissues exhibited higher expression levels of ENO1 mRNA and protein compared with normal endometrium tissues. Patients with higher ENO1 expression had a markedly shorter overall survival than patients with low ENO1 expression. We conclude that ENO1 favors carcinogenesis, representing a potential target for gene-based therapy.
Dynamic spectro-polarimeter based on a modified Michelson interferometric scheme (2016)

A simple dynamic spectro-polarimeter based on a modified Michelson interferometric scheme is described. The proposed system can extract a spectral Stokes vector of a transmissive anisotropic object. Detail theoretical background is derived and experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed novel snapshot spectro-polarimeter. The proposed dynamic spectro-polarimeter enables us to extract highly accurate spectral Stokes vector of any transmissive anisotropic object with a frame rate of more than 20Hz.
Do Convolutional Networks need to be Deep for Text Classification ? (2017)

We study in this work the importance of depth in convolutional models for text classification, either when character or word inputs are considered. We show on 5 standard text classification and sentiment analysis tasks that deep models indeed give better performances than shallow networks when the text input is represented as a sequence of characters. However, a simple shallow-and-wide network outperforms deep models such as DenseNet with word inputs. Our shallow word model further establishes new state-of-the-art performances on two datasets: Yelp Binary (95.9\%) and Yelp Full (64.9\%).
InGaAsP/InP (1.3 μm) buried-crescent lasers with separate optical confinement (1982)

We report that a significant improvement in the performance of InGaAsP (λ=1.3 μm) crescent lasers is obtained by introducing InGaAsP (λ=1.1 μm) cladding layers on both sides of the active layer. Such lasers grown with good reproducibility and high yield have 20–35 mA threshold currents, pulsed power outputs of up to 50 mW, with excellent output linearity, and external quantum efficiencies of 50–60%. Operation up to 90°C with 4 mW output power has been observed. Short current pulse excitation shows that these lasers are suitable for gigabit/s operation.
Synthesis of Racemic and Optically Active Cispentacin (FR109615) Using Intramolecular Nitrone-Olefin Cycloaddition. (1993)

Synthesis of racemic and optically active cispentacin ((-)-1) is described. Intramolecular nitrone-olefin cycloaddition of the alkenyl nitrone 7 gave cis-isoxazolidine (±)-8, which was transformed into (±)-1 by sequential reactions involving catalytic hydrogenolysis and oxidation. Similarly, the optically active nitrone (R)-22, which was derived from the ketone 15 via lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the acetate (±)-17, underwent intramolecular cycloaddition to give (+)-25 with high stereoselectivity (15 : 1). The cycloadduct (+)-25 was transformed in 4 steps into optically active natural cispentacin.
A Photocrosslinkable Vinyl Polyester (1988)

Abstract Vinyl polyesters combine the advantages of epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins [1, 2]. They are tough and adhere well to the substrate surface. With acrylic end groups, these resins turn photocrosslinkable [1]. However, photocurable vinyl polyesters are not as well reported as photocurable epoxy resins [3, 4] and unsaturated polyesters [5, 6]. Crosslinking with UV light is an excellent method for obtaining articles with thick cross sections, with or without reinforcement, without large heat build-up in the interior, which would damage the plastic [7]. We, therefore, thought of preparing a vinyl polyester resin from a photocurable diepoxide, such as the diglycidyl ether of 4,4′-dihydroxychalcone with acrylic end groups, and test its photofastness compared to that of the parent diepoxide. The results obtained are interesting, and the method of synthesis can be extended to a large number of photocrosslinkable vinyl polyesters.
Pythia Generated Jet Images for Location Aware Generative Adversarial Network Training (2017)

Dataset containing 872666 jet images to train Location Aware Generative Adversarial Networks (LAGAN) for High Energy Physics. Results are published in [arXiv:1701.05927]. Format: HDF5 file with the following fields: - 'image' : array of dim (872666, 25, 25), contains the pixel intensities of each 25x25 image - 'signal' : binary array to identify signal (1, i.e. W boson) vs background (0, i.e. QCD) - 'jet_eta': eta coordinate per jet - 'jet_phi': phi coordinate per jet - 'jet_mass': mass per jet - 'jet_pt': transverse momentum per jet - 'jet_delta_R': distance between leading and subleading subjets if 2 subjets present, else 0 - 'tau_1', 'tau_2', 'tau_3': substructure variables per jet (a.k.a. n-subjettiness, where n=1, 2, 3) - 'tau_21': tau2/tau1 per jet - 'tau_32': tau3/tau2 per jet Details: - Simulated using Pythia 8.219 at √ s = 14 TeV - Image pre-processing using method from in L. de Oliveira et al., Jet-Images -- Deep Learning Edition [arXiv:1511.05190] - scikit-image==0.12.0 implementation of cubic spline rotation - Finite calorimeter granularity simulated with 0.1×0.1 grid in η and φ, with η × φ ∈ [−1.25, 1.25] × [−1.25, 1.25] - Jet clustering with anti-kt algorithm with a radius R = 1.0 using FastJet 3.2.1; constituent re-clustering into R = 0.3 kt subjets - Intensity of pixel = pT of cell - 60 GeV < m_jet < 100 GeV - 250 GeV < pT_jet < 300 GeV - Sparse images (~10% NNZ) Full dataset description in [arXiv:1701.05927].
Characterization of a <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> insertion sequence belonging to the IS3 family (1990)

A repetitive element (IS986), previously isolated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and shown to detect multiple restriction fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), has been sequenced. It consists of a potential insertion sequence of 1358bp, with 30-bp inverted repeat ends. IS986 has four potentially significant open reading frames (ORFs): ORFa1, ORFa2 and ORFb on one strand and ORFc on the complementary strand. The sequences of the potential translated products identify IS986 as a member of the IS3 family, with an apparent frameshift between ORFa1 and ORFa2. IS986 has potential as a highly specific probe for detection and typing of M. tuberculosis, as well as for transposon mutagenesis of mycobacteria. The sequence of IS986 is virtually identical to that of another recently described element, IS6110 (Thierry et al., 1990).
Fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization on extended DNA fibres as a tool to analyse complex T‐DNA loci in potato (1998)

Summary In this study the T‐DNA composition of four antisense potato transformants showing complete or very strong inhibition of granule‐bound starch synthase (GBSS) activity was analysed in detail. By Southern blot hybridizations, it was determined that all four transformants contained T‐DNAs on multiple linkage groups and that most linkage groups contained multiple T‐DNA copies, often in combination with non‐T‐DNA vector sequences. Subsequently, fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed on extended DNA fibres (‘fibre‐FISH’) of three progeny plants each containing a single linkage group with a complex T‐DNA organization. By using two differently labelled probes, one consisting of T‐DNA sequences and the other of vector DNA sequences, it was possible to visualize the composition of complex loci. DNA sequences of 5–6 kb were well distinguishable. With this technique it is possible to determine T‐DNA copy number, and arrangement of T‐DNA and vector DNA sequences in a locus, more accurately than by Southern blot analysis alone. Therefore, fibre‐FISH is a valuable supplementary tool to study T‐DNA integrations in detail.
Air traffic conflict negotiation and resolution using an onboard multi-agent system (2003)

Conflict detection and resolution is a critical capacity for realizing free flight. In this paper, a multi-agent system algorithm is proposed to solve the air traffic conflict detection and resolution problem involving multiple aircraft, where each aircraft may be regarded as an intelligent agent. The conflict detection and resolution problem for each agent is solved as a constraint satisfaction problem. A pair wise, argument-based negotiation approach is established for the aircraft to search for a multilaterally acceptable conflict resolution. The proposed algorithm guarantees to lead to an appropriate solution, except for some extreme cases. It also considers real-time constraints such as response time, negotiation deadline, etc. The ground based air traffic controller is always included in this system, and acts as a high-level supervisor and coordinator. It has authority to approve or override any proposal from any aircraft; force an aircraft to accept a proposal; and open or close a negotiation. It may also join the collaboration to represent those aircraft which lack the capacity to negotiate for themselves. However, in such cases it must obey the same negotiation protocol as other aircraft.
Temperature Dependence of Positron Annihilation Lifetimes in High Permeability Polymers:  Amorphous Teflons AF (2008)

The microstructure of the free volume and its temperature dependence were studied for amorphous Teflon AF 1600 (Tg = 160 °C) and AF 2400 (Tg = 240 °C). These copolymers consist of tetrafluoroethylene and 2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxole units and are used as highly permeable membrane materials. We employed positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) to investigate the free volume. From the lifetime spectra analyzed with the routine LT9.0 the hole size distribution, its mean size and width were calculated. Results obtained from a three and a four component analysis of lifetime spectra are compared. Both polymers show very large orthopositronium lifetimes τ3 (corresponding to large hole sizes) and glass transitions in τ3 near the expected values. AF 2400 shows an unusual behavior characterized by a nonlinear temperature dependence of the orthopositronium lifetime, extraordinarily large mean values of τ3 and the widths of the lifetime distributions σ3. Possible explanations for this will be discussed in relation to the microstructure of the copolymer.
Electrochromic Thin Film of Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Fabricated using Wet Process (2007)

Electrochromic thin films of Prussian blue nanoparticles were developed using wet processing. The resultant alkyl-ligand covered nanoparticles disperse well in organic solvents. Consequently, various conventional coating and printing methods can be used in high-quality micro-fabrication to prepare electronic devices. We examined electrochromic properties of the thin film fabricated using spin-coating method. Electrochromism of the thin film on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was observed. The color changes from blue to colorlessness reversibly at potentials between +0.6 to -0.4 V. Furthermore, various patterns were printed on ITO substrates using photolithography, indicating potential application of this approach to information displays and smart windows.
Comportamenti sessuali e contraccezione (2014)

Le malattie, la loro prevenzione e terapia sono state studiate prevalentemente su casistiche del solo sesso maschile, sottovalutando le peculiarità biologico-ormonali e anatomiche proprie delle donne. La medicina di genere è chiamata a limitare disuguaglianze di studio, attenzione e trattamento che fino ad oggi sono state a carico delle donne. Non costruendo una medicina al femminile e una al maschile, ma applicando il concetto di diversità per garantire a tutti, donne e uomini, il miglior trattamento possibile in funzione della specificità di genere.Per questo la medicina di genere non deve essere una specialità a sé stante, ma un’integrazione trasversale di specialità e competenze mediche, affinché si formi una cultura e una presa in carico della persona che tenga presente le differenze di genere, non solo sotto l’aspetto anatomo-fisiologico, ma anche delle differenze biologico-funzionali, psicologiche, sociali e culturali, oltre che ovviamente di risposta alle cure. Pertanto la medicina di genere è ormai un’esigenza del Servizio sanitario ed occorre quindi pensare ad alcuni aspetti organizzativi e di organizzazione dei servizi che tengano conto delle differenze di genere.\n\nQuesto Documento ARS rappresenta una raccolta di contributi epidemiologici sulla salute di genere in Toscana. Al suo interno vengono analizzati molti aspetti relativi alla salute ed al ricorso ai servizi sanitari letti sotto l’ottica della differenza di genere.
Parsing ERK Activation Reveals Quantitatively Equivalent Contributions from Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and HER2 in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells (2004)

HER2, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase family, functions as an accessory EGFR signaling component and alters EGFR trafficking by heterodimerization. HER2 overexpression leads to aberrant cell behavior including enhanced proliferation and motility. Here we applied a combination of computational modeling and quantitative experimental studies of the dynamic interactions between EGFR and HER2 and their downstream activation of ERK to understand this complex signaling system. Using cells expressing different levels of HER2 relative to the EGFR, we could separate relative contributions of EGFR and HER2 to signaling amplitude and duration. Based on our model calculations, we demonstrated that, in contrast with previous suggestions in the literature, the intrinsic capabilities of EGFR and HER2 to activate ERK were quantitatively equivalent. We found that HER2-mediated effects on EGFR dimerization and trafficking were sufficient to explain the observed HER2-mediated amplification of epidermal growth factor-induced ERK signaling. Our model suggests that transient amplification of ERK activity by HER2 arises predominantly from the 2-to-1 stoichiometry of receptor kinase to bound ligand in EGFR/HER2 heterodimers compared with the 1-to-1 stoichiometry of the EGFR homodimer, but alterations in receptor trafficking yielding increased EGFR sparing cause the sustained HER2-mediated enhancement of ERK signaling.
Space-resolved Spectrometric Measurements of the Cutting Front (2011)

The most important factor influencing the maximum cutting speed is the absorbed laser power distribution. As the polarization of the cutting laser beam influences the local absorption, the temperature of the cutting front varies using differently polarized laser beams. To determine the local temperature the emission spectra of cuts with a radially polarized CO2-laser were measured and compared with emission spectra of cuts with a circularly polarized beam. The spectra were used to determine the space resolved temperature by fitting with the Planck black-body radiation in the case of predominantly continuum emission and with the spectral lines of Fe I in the case of spectra dominated by line emission.
Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Complex Regulation of the Monocyte IL-1β System by IL-13 (2005)

IL-4 and IL-13 are prototypic Th2 cytokines that generate an "alternatively activated" phenotype in macrophages. We used high-density oligonucleotide microarrays to investigate the transcriptional profile induced in human monocytes by IL-13. After 8-h stimulation with IL-13, 142 genes were regulated (85 increased and 57 decreased). The majority of these genes were related to the inflammatory response and innate immunity; a group of genes related to lipid metabolism was also identified, with clear implications for atherosclerosis. In addition to characteristic markers of alternatively activated macrophages, a number of novel IL-13-regulated genes were seen. These included various pattern recognition receptors, such as CD1b/c/e, TLR1, and C-type lectin superfamily member 6. Several components of the IL-1 system were regulated. IL-1RI, IL-1RII, and IL-1Ra were all up-regulated, whereas the IL-1beta-converting enzyme, caspase 1, and IRAK-M were down-regulated. LPS-inducible caspase 1 enzyme activity was also reduced in IL-13-stimulated monocytes, with a consequent decrease in pro-IL-1beta processing. These data reveal that IL-13 has a potent effect on the transcriptional profile in monocytes. The IL-13-induced modulation of genes related to IL-1 clearly highlights the tightly controlled and complex levels of regulation of the production and response to this potent proinflammatory cytokine.
Iron Chelator Research: Past, Present, and Future (2003)

The occurrence of in vivo iron toxicity in the human body can be categorized into iron overload and non-iron overload conditions. Iron overload conditions are common in beta-thalassemia and hereditary hemochromatosis patients, and anthracycline mediated cardiotoxicity is an example of a non-iron overload condition in cancer patients, in which the toxicity is iron-dependent. While hundreds of iron chelators have been evaluated in animal studies, only a few have been studied in humans. Examples of iron chelator drugs are desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1), and dexrazoxane (ICRF 187). The compound ICL670 has completed phase II clinical trials and a phase III trial is planned in 2003. Triapine is currently in phase II clinical trial as an anticancer agent. CP502, GT56-252, NaHBED, and MPB0201 are examples of new chelators in preclinical/clinical development. In the past decade, many new viable utilities for iron chelators have been reported. This includes the use of iron chelators as antiviral, photoprotective, antiproliferative, and antifibrotic agents. This review will focus on the status of drug development for the treatment of iron overload in patients with beta-thalassemia and the potential use of iron chelators in the prevention and treatment of other diseases.
Organometallic Route to Surface-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles Suitable for In Situ Nanocomposite Synthesis: Bound Carboxylate Stoichiometry Controls Particle Size or Surface Coverage (2012)

Well-defined ZnO nanoparticles with bound carboxylate surface-functionalization and narrow size distribution were prepared via an efficient organometallic hydrolysis route, occurring at ambient temperature and without postsynthesis refinement. Depending on the reaction conditions, the nanoparticles’ degree of surface coverage or diameter was controlled independently. The method was used for the in situ preparation of well-dispersed ZnO/epoxy resin nanocomposites.
The making of Kyongju VR Theatre (2003)

Recently we have built the largest Virtual Reality (VR) theatre in the world for the Kyongju World Culture EXPO 2000. Unlike single user VR systems, the VR theatre is characterized by a single shared screen and controlled by a kind of tightly coupled user inputs from several hundreds of people in the audience. The large computer-generated stereo images by the huge cylindrical screen provide the immersive feeling augmenting the physical audience space with of 3D virtual space. In addition to the visual immersion, the theatre provides 3D audio, vibration and olfactory display as well as keypads for the audience in their seats interactively controlling the virtual environment. This paper introduces the issues raised and addressed during the design of making such a versatile VR theatre, production and presentation of the virtual heritage at Kyongju, one thousand years ago.
U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin; A typical Atlantic-type or passive continental margin (2015)

This synthesis covers stratigraphy, depositional processes, and geophysical interpretation of the major onshore and offshore marginal basins from Maine to the Bahamas, and includes an up-to-date review of thinking on regional tectonic history. Additional chapters discuss the theoretical aspects of thermal evolution, subsidence, and seismic stratigraphy as applied to this region. Geological resources including petroleum, water, sand and gravel, hard minerals, and heat flow are reviewed, and environmental hazards such as seismicity, coastal erosion, waste disposal and submarine instability as it relates to site of drilling platforms and mining are evaluated. A summary chapter reviews areas of controversy and suggests key topics for research.
Phosphono and Phosphino Analogues and Derivatives of the Natural Aminocarboxylic Acids and Peptides 1. Synthesis and Enzyme-Substrate Interactions of<i>N</i>-Phosphono-, and<i>N</i>-Phosphinomethylated Cyclic Amides (1987)

In analogy to the Arbuzov reaction, phosphorylation has been carried out on the N-hydroxymethylated cyclic amides, dioxopiperazine 1, hydantoine 4, and the L-pyrrolidinones 10, 11 and 12, with triethylphosphite and diethyl methylphosphonite, to give the organophosphorous derivatives 2, 3, 5-8, 13-18, respectively. For the first time, strict selectivity has been observed in the enzyme-substrate interaction of esters of organophosphorous acids with the phosphoesterase enzymes phosphodiesterase I and alkaline phosphatase. The enzyme phosphodiesterase I enhances the hydrolysis of esters of phosphonic and phosphinic acids to the corresponding free acids 19-26, whereas alkaline phosphatase catalyzes the hydrolysis of only one of the two diethoxyphosphono groups to monoethoxyphosphono derivatives 27-29. A general synthesis pathway has been developed for enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the above esters.
A Contactless Method of <i>p-n</i> Junction Leakage Testing and Comparison of Associated Data with Contact-Determined Leakage (1980)

A contactless p-n junction leakage measurement method is described, which uses specialized very-high-frequency oscillator circuitry. This circuitry utilizes the eddy current loading effect, via inductive coupling, in order to determine the leakage-dependent decay time of the photoinduced voltage across the diffused p-n junctions in a silicon wafer. The contactless measurement is made under low forward bias conditions (≤ 10 mV), in such a way that this measurement and the contacting reverse leakage, measured at 100 mV, will both be functions of generation-recombination processes in the junction depletion region. Detectable signals were made possible by low-noise circuitry and by the increase in junction eddy currents from induced voltages across the diffused regions. The following model was derived from basic circuit theory, which relates the contactless decay time measurement, τ, to the conventional contacting reverse leakage, J0 J0=CkT∕qτ where J0 = reverse leakage, A/cm2, C = junction capacitance, F/cm2, τ = decay time, s, and kT/q = 26 mV at T = 300 K. Good agreement was obtained between experiment and theory. The examined range was four orders of magnitude in leakage current.