gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Motion Amplifier Using an Axially Driven Buckling Beam (2003)

For active materials such as piezoelectric stacks, which produce large force and small displacement, motion amplification mechanisms are often necessary—not simply to trade force for displacement, but to increase the output work transferred through a compliant structure. Here, a new concept for obtaining large rotations from small linear displacements produced by a piezoelectric stack is proposed and analyzed. The concept uses elastic (buckling) and dynamic instabilities of an axially driven buckling beam. The optimal design of the buckling beam end conditions was determined from a static analysis of the system using Euler’s elastica theory. This analysis was verified experimentally. A stack-driven, buckling beam prototype actuator consisting of a pre-compressed PZT stack (140 mm long, 10 mm diameter) and a thin steel beam (60 mm × 12 mm × 0.508 mm) was constructed. The buckling beam served as the motion amplifier, while the PZT stack provided the actuation. The experimental setup, measuring instrumentation and method, the beam preloading condition, and the excitation are fully described in the paper. Frequency responses of the system for three preloading levels and three stack driving amplitudes were obtained. A maximum 16° peak-to-peak rotation was measured when the stack was driven at an amplitude of 325 V and frequency of 39 Hz. The effects of beam preload were also studied.
Securing Complex IoT Platforms with Token Based Access Control and Authenticated Key Establishment (2017)

In this paper we propose a new authorization and authentication framework for the IoT that combines the security model of OAuth 1.0a with the lightweight building blocks of ACE. By designing self-securing tokens the security of the framework no longer depends on the security of the network stack. We use basic PKI functionalities to bootstrap a chain-of-trust between the devices which simplifies future token exchanges. Finally, we propose an alternate key establishment scheme for use cases where devices cannot directly communicate. We test our proposal by implementing the critical aspects on a STM32L4 microcontroller. The results indicate that our framework guarantees a strong level of security for IoT devices with basic asymmetric cryptography capabilities.
Evidence of <i>in vivo</i> basophil activation in chronic idiopathic urticaria (2006)

Basophil activation marker expression is increased in CIU subjects and is not associated with serum factors. In addition, serum HRA and FcepsilonRIalpha immunoreactivity are not unique to CIU, or related to enhanced circulating basophil marker expression.
Neural Generators of Brainstem Evoked Potentials Results from Human Intracranial Recordings (1981)

Recordings were made from the auditory nerve near its entrance into the brainstem during neurosurgical operations for cranial nerve disorders. The recorded compound action potentials in response to 2000 Hz tonebursts at 90 dB were characterized by a negative peak with a latency of 3.0 to 3.7 ms. When these compound action potentials were compared with the brainstem evoked potentials (BSEP) recorded from the scalp during the operation or before the operation, it was found that the latency of the main peak of the compound action potential matched the latency of the vertex negative wave located between waves II and III (P2) and the potentials recorded from the nerve were found to match the N2P2N3 complex of the scalp-recorded BSEP. The results indicate that the auditory nerve is the neural generator of the two first peaks in the human BSEP, in contrast to the results of experiments in animals which show that the second peak originates in the cochlear nucleus.
Differential expression of tissue-specific adhesion molecules on human circulating antibody-forming cells after systemic, enteric, and nasal immunizations. A molecular basis for the compartmentalization of effector B cell responses. (1997)

Expression of the adhesion molecules CD44, L-selectin (CD62L), and integrin alpha 4 beta 7 by antibody-secreting cells (ASC) was examined in human volunteers after oral, rectal, intranasal, or systemic immunization with cholera toxin B subunit. Almost all blood ASC, irrespective of immunization route, isotype (IgG and IgA), and immunogen, expressed CD44. On the other hand, marked differences were observed between systemically and intestinally induced ASC with respect to expression of integrin alpha 4 beta 7 and L-selectin, adhesion molecules conferring tissue specificity for mucosal tissues and peripheral lymph nodes, respectively. Thus, most ASC induced at systemic sites expressed L-selectin, whereas only a smaller proportion of ASC expressed alpha 4 beta 7. In contrast, virtually all IgA- and even IgG-ASC detected after peroral and rectal immunizations expressed alpha 4 beta 7, with only a minor fraction of these cells expressing L-selectin. Circulating ASC induced by intranasal immunization displayed a more promiscuous pattern of adhesion molecules, with a large majority of ASC coexpressing L-selectin and alpha 4 beta 7. These results demonstrate that circulating ASC induced by mucosal and systemic immunization express different sets of adhesion molecules. Furthermore, these findings provide for the first time evidence for differential expression of adhesion molecules on circulating ASC originating from different mucosal sites. Collectively, these results may explain the anatomical division of mucosal and systemic immune responses in humans as well as the compartmentalization of mucosal immune responses initiated in the upper vs. the lower aerodigestive tract.
Managing secure communications with multilevel security and restricted character set translation (1993)

It has been shown that a source file can be translated using a restricted character set. US Naval message traffic is transmitted with a restricted character set, and the files are optionally compressed. Both character translation and data compression can be used as add-on data encryption. Various schemes of restricted character set translation have been investigated and their implementations on computers are discussed. Translation algorithms that use a restricted character set have been implemented with multilevel security access control using the master key scheme and have been incorporated in a data compression program for military applications. Although the key management scheme discussed is perfectly feasible, it is by no means the single or best possibility. The method used here allows only for the availability of different keys for different links and hosts, but does not differentiate the different functions or activities for which the keys are used. The functions stressed in this study are data compression and character translation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-scale curvatures for contour feature extraction (2003)

A method is described to extract features of contour of a figure based on its curvature. For a digital figure, curvatures are approximated by using differences of contour tangential angles at two points apart from each other with an appropriate distance scale. In this method, a set of curvatures with various scales is calculated, and from the curvature changes with respect to the multiple scales, the features of the original contour, such as the locations and angles of vertices, are extracted. The view-field resolutions for the analysis of features of figures are determined automatically, for each figure and its parts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Respiratory Epithelium. III. Histogenesis of Epidermoid Metaplasia and Carcinoma In Situ in the Human<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref> (1978)

The histogenesis of epidermoid metaplasia and carcinoma in situ was analyzed in human bronchial epithelium. The conclusion is that epidermoid metaplasia and carcinoma in situ can result from conversion of mucous cells. This implies the direct transformation of one type of fully differentiated cell to another. The study therefore emphasizes the differentiation potentialities of the mucous cells that can divide and undergo goblet cell hyperplasia and epidermoid metaplasia. Epidermoid metaplasia is a common reaction to injury in the bronchus. In our series of cases it was especially frequent in patients without neoplastic disease who had undergone intratracheal intubation or tracheostomy and who had been maintained on a respirator in the Shock Trauma Unit, University of Maryland. Future studies will be required to distinguish the difference, if any, between epidermoid metaplasia destined to become malignant carcinoma and that which is not. One difference noted in this study was the absence of overt cornification in epidermoid metaplasia in patients without neoplastic disease.
Photonic curvilinear data processing (2014)

With more and more photonic data presence in e-beam lithography, the need for efficient and accurate data fracturing is required to meet acceptable manufacturing cycle time. Large photonic based layouts now create high shot count patterns for VSB based tools. Multiple angles, sweeping curves, and non-orthogonal data create a challenge for today’s e-beam tools that are more efficient on Manhattan style data. This paper describes techniques developed and used for creating fractured data for VSB based pattern generators. Proximity Effect Correction is also applied during the fracture process, taking into account variable shot sizes to apply for accuracy and design style. Choosing different fracture routines for pattern data on-the-fly allows for fast and efficient processing. Data interpretation is essential for processing curvilinear data as to its size, angle, and complexity. Fracturing complex angled data into "efficient" shot counts is no longer practical as shot creation now requires knowledge of the actual data content as seen in photonic based pattern data. Simulation and physical printing results prove the implementations for accuracy and write times compared to traditional VSB writing strategies on photonic data. Geometry tolerance is used as part of the fracturing algorithm for controlling edge placement accuracy and tuning to different e-beam processing parameters.
Suppression of cell invasiveness by periostin via TAB1/TAK1 (2009)

We have previously shown that the expression of periostin is significantly downregulated in human bladder cancer tissues and that periostin suppresses cell invasiveness and metastasis of cancer cells. To clarify the molecular mechanism of this suppression by periostin, we searched for periostin-binding proteins and identified TAB1, which interacts with and activates TAK1, by mass analysis of proteins co-precipitated with periostin in 293T cells expressing periostin. The association between periostin and TAB1 was confirmed by a pulldown assay in 293T cells co-tranfected with expression plasmids of periostin, TAB1 and TAK1. TAK1 was also co-precipitated with periostin in this assay. Co-transfection experiments in 293T also showed that periostin could activate TAK1. Introduction of siRNA for TAB1 suppressed TAK1 activation by periostin. Analyses with deletion mutants of periostin revealed that the C-terminal region of periostin was necessary and sufficient for the association with TAB1 and the TAK1 activation. The suppression of invasiveness by periostin was attenuated by siRNA targeting TAK1 or TAB1 in 293T (human embryonic kidney) and T24 (human bladder carcinoma) cell lines. These findings indicate that periostin is involved in the suppression of cell invasiveness via the TAB1/TAK1 signaling pathway.
Nondestructive Testing of Thin Films by Harmonic Generation of Dispersive Rayleigh Waves (1971)

A new and sensitive measurement technique of determining elastic properties of a thin film on a substrate based on harmonic generation of dispersive Rayleigh waves is demonstrated. The technique has a sensitivity of detecting a change of 0.001% in velocity due to the loading of the thin film. A damaged layer of about 20 Å on a mechanically polished LiNbO3 substrate is detectable.
High Performance Computing Using Out-Of- Core Sparse Direct Solvers (2009)

In-core memory requirement is a bottleneck in solving large three dimensional Navier-Stokes finite element problem formulations using sparse direct solvers. Out-of-core solution strategy is a viable alternative to reduce the in-core memory requirements while solving large scale problems. This study evaluates the performance of various out-of-core sequential solvers based on multifrontal or supernodal techniques in the context of finite element formulations for three dimensional problems on a Windows platform. Here three different solvers, HSL_MA78, MUMPS and PARDISO are compared. The performance of these solvers is evaluated on a 64-bit machine with 16GB RAM for finite element formulation of flow through a rectangular channel. It is observed that using out-of-core PARDISO solver, relatively large problems can be solved. The implementation of Newton and modified Newton's iteration is also discussed.
Assessment of store control surface effectiveness in a non-uniform aircraft flow field (1997)

Abstract : Comparisons of the control effectiveness for two stores in free stream and in the flow field of a parent aircraft have been performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The computations were performed to assess the changes in control surface effectiveness of the store due to the highly nonlinear flow field of the parent aircraft at transonic speeds. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved using an algebraic turbulence model for an extended range air-to-ground missile (AGM-130A) mounted on the wing pylon of an F-15E aircraft and for an air-to-air missile mounted on the forward station of the inboard pylon of an F-15E aircraft. Free-stream calculations showed good agreement with wind tunnel control surface effectiveness results for both stores. Calculations of control surface effectiveness in the aircraft flow field indicate significant changes occur for the AGM-130A missile while the air-to-air missile showed very little effect. This is attributed to the fact that a large region of separated flow occurs on the lee side of the deflected flap of the AGM-130A while the flow over the air-to-air missile deflected elevator is attached.
Antigen-Induced Protective and Nonprotective Cell-Mediated Immune Components against<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> (1998)

Mice immunized with two different cryptococcal antigen preparations, one a soluble culture filtrate antigen (CneF) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and the other heat-killed Cryptococcus neoformans cells (HKC), develop two different profiles of activated T cells. CneF-CFA induces CD4+ T cells responsible for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactivity and for amplification of the anticryptococcal DTH response, whereas HKC induce CD4+ and CD8+ T cells involved in anticryptococcal DTH reactivity and activated T cells which directly kill C. neoformans cells. The main purpose of this study was to assess the level of protection afforded by each of the two different T-cell profiles against challenge with viable C. neoformans cells, thereby identifying which activated T-cell profile provides better protection. CBA/J mice immunized with CneF-CFA had significantly better protective responses, based on better clearance of C. neoformans from tissues, on longer survival times, and on fewer and smaller lesions in the brain, than HKC-immunized mice or control mice similarly infected with C. neoformans. Both immunization protocols induced an anticryptococcal DTH response, but neither induced serum antibodies to glucuronoxylmannan, so the protection observed in the CneF-CFA immunized mice was due to the activated T-cell profile induced by that protocol. HKC-immunized mice, which displayed no greater protection than controls, did not have the amplifier cells. Based on our findings, we propose that the protective anticryptococcal T cells are the CD4+ T cells which have been shown to be responsible for DTH reactivity and/or the CD4+ T cells which amplify the DTH response and which have been previously shown to produce high levels of gamma interferon and interleukin 2. Our results imply that there are protective and nonprotective cell-mediated immune responses and highlight the complexity of the immune response to C. neoformans antigens.
GUANIDINE STRUCTURE AND HYPOGLYCEMIA:<sup>*</sup> SOME CARBOCYCLIC DIGUANIDINES (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGUANIDINE STRUCTURE AND HYPOGLYCEMIA:* SOME CARBOCYCLIC DIGUANIDINESCHARLES E. BRAUN, JOHN D. ERIT, and G. CHAPMAN CROOKSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1938, 03, 2, 146–152Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01219a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01219a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views169Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A new algorithm for small-large table outer joins in parallel DBMS (2010)

Large enterprises have been relying on parallel database management systems (PDBMS) to process their ever-increasing data volume and complex queries. Business intelligence tools used by enterprises frequently generate a large number of outer joins and require high performance from the underlying database systems. A common type of outer joins in business applications is the small-large table outer join studied in this paper where one table is relatively small and the other is large. We present an efficient and easy to implement algorithm called DER (Duplication and Efficient Redistribution) for small and large table outer joins. Our experimental results show that the DER algorithm significantly speeds up query elapsed time and scales linearly.
Cell Death Regulation in <i>Drosophila</i> (2000)

Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is a genetically encoded form of cell suicide that results in the orderly death and phagocytic removal of excess, damaged, or dangerous cells during normal development and in the adult. The cellular machinery required to carry out apoptosis is present in most, if not all cells, but is only activated in cells instructed to die (for review see Jacobson et al. 1997). Here, we review cell death regulation in the fly in the context of a first pass look at the complete Drosophila genome and what is known about death regulation in other organisms, particularly worms and vertebrates.
High Quality Montage Pictures by a New Color Killer Soft Chromakey System (1981)

A new technique for producing high quality montage chromakey pictures which were not obtainable by the conventional chromakey method has been developed by NHK. In early chromakey methods, gating signals with steep rise and fall times were shaped from the chromakey blue signal. Frequently the borderlines of the pictures produced were very unnatural. In later systems, gating signals with gentle rise and fall times are obtained from the chromakey blue signal, avoiding any clipping or stretching procedures. These gating signals control the level of the foreground key camera video signal and the level of the background video signal to be combined with it, so that the borderline of the two pictures will look more natural. In addition, a blue color killer circuit is provided, in order to eliminate the blue border between the two pictures, caused by the key camera signal. In the new technique, the color killer circuitry operates on the encoded signal rather than on the RGB signals normally used for the purpose. Furthermore, this new blue color killer circuit can be used as a color converter, not only for the blue color but also for other colors, to obtain special color effects. Because the operation is on an encoded signal, it is much easier to integrate into an existing studio complex. Some of the results are illustrated.
Treatment of obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS): effect of weight loss and interference of otorhinolaryngoiatric pathology. (1990)

The role of weight loss in the therapy of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was investigated in 23 affected patients with various degrees of obesity (body mass index range 26.6-61.0) free of cranio-facial malformations. Weight loss resulted 18.5 +/- 14.7 (s.d.) kg and was significantly correlated with baseline BMI value (r = 0.94; P less than 0.0001). Weight loss significantly reduced the number of apneas + hypopneas per hour of sleep ((A + H)I) from 66.5 +/- 23.0 to 33.0 +/- 26.2 (P less than 0.0001) and improved the mean of oxygen desaturation peaks during apneas (mSaO2) from 81.9 +/- 6.9 to 87.6 +/- 3.9; P less than 0.001). A significant correlation was found between weight loss and changes in the (A + H)I (r = -0.55; P less than 0.01) and the mSaO2 (r = 0.46; P less than 0.05). The (A + H)I significantly improved in both patients who lost more than 10 kg (basal BMI: 42.3 +/- 10.0) and in those who lost less than 10 kg (basal BMI: 30.2 +/- 2.3), whereas the mSaO2 improved only in the former. Obese patients with moderate to heavy ORL pathological findings had worse pretreatment and final OSAS parameters than those with absent or mild ORL lesions. However, both groups showed a significant, although quantitatively different, improvement of the (A + H)I and mSaO2 after weight loss. Compared to those who were cured or improved after the treatment, patients who failed to obtain significant effects on OSAS clinical presentation also had a significantly higher prevalence of ORL pathology. It is concluded that: (1) weight loss improves parameters and clinical presentation of OSAS in the majority of affected obese patients; (2) a relationship exists between the entity of weight loss and that of improvement of the syndrome; (3) weight loss must be encouraged even in patients with mild to moderate overweight; (4) the presence of ORL pathology may represent a confusing factor in the interpretation of the results obtained after weight loss.
Institutional constraints to coal fly ash use in construction (1992)

Coal fly ash has many potential large volume uses as a construction material. Some of these applications are in cement and concrete products, structural fills and embankments, and in pavement base courses and subgrade stabilization. However, at the present time, only about 20 percent of the 50 million tons of fly ash produced annually in the United States is utilized. Numerous regulatory and institutional constraints exist that hinder ash use. This report presents the results of an extensive national and international study to determine the nature and extent of the institutional constraints to the use of coal fly ash in construction.
The Near Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Liquid Water (1951)

The near infrared absorption spectrum of liquid water at 20°C has been reinvestigated using a PbS cell detector system. The total spectral range investigated was from 0.70 to 2.50μ. A curve is included which shows five prominent absorption bands at 0.76, 0.97, 1.19, 1.45, and 1.94μ; and a table gives experimental results of water absorption at 20°C.