gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication: A Gateway to Interfacial Mechanics—Review and Prospect (2011)

Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) is commonly known as a mode of fluid-film lubrication in which the mechanism of hydrodynamic film formation is enhanced by surface elastic deformation and lubricant viscosity increase due to high pressure. It has been an active and challenging field of research since the 1950s. Significant breakthroughs achieved in the last 10–15 years are largely in the area of mixed EHL, in which surface asperity contact and hydrodynamic lubricant film coexist. Mixed EHL is of the utmost importance not only because most power-transmitting components operate in this regime, but also due to its theoretical universality that dry contact and full-film lubrication are in fact its special cases under extreme conditions. In principle, mixed EHL has included the basic physical elements for modeling contact, or hydrodynamic lubrication, or both together. The unified mixed lubrication models that have recently been developed are now capable of simulating the entire transition of interfacial status from full-film and mixed lubrication down to dry contact with an integrated mathematic formulation and numerical approach. This has indeed bridged the two branches of engineering science, contact mechanics, and hydrodynamic lubrication theory, which have been traditionally separate since the 1880s mainly due to the lack of powerful analytical and numerical tools. The recent advancement in mixed EHL begins to bring contact and lubrication together, and thus an evolving concept of “Interfacial Mechanics” can be proposed in order to describe interfacial phenomena more precisely and collaborate with research in other related fields, such as interfacial physics and chemistry, more closely. This review paper briefly presents snapshots of the history of EHL research, and also expresses the authors’ opinions about its further development as a gateway to interfacial mechanics.
Highly stable trypsin‐aggregate coatings on polymer nanofibers for repeated protein digestion (2009)

A stable and robust trypsin-based biocatalytic system was developed and demonstrated for proteomic applications. The system utilizes polymer nanofibers coated with trypsin aggregates for immobilized protease digestions. After covalently attaching an initial layer of trypsin to the polymer nanofibers, highly concentrated trypsin molecules are crosslinked to the layered trypsin by way of a glutaraldehyde treatment. This process produced a 300-fold increase in trypsin activity compared with a conventional method for covalent trypsin immobilization, and proved to be robust in that it still maintained a high level of activity after a year of repeated recycling. This highly stable form of immobilized trypsin was resistant to autolysis, enabling repeated digestions of BSA over 40 days and successful peptide identification by LC-MS/MS. This active and stable form of immobilized trypsin was successfully employed in the digestion of yeast proteome extract with high reproducibility and within shorter time than conventional protein digestion using solution phase trypsin. Finally, the immobilized trypsin was resistant to proteolysis when exposed to other enzymes (i.e., chymotrypsin), which makes it suitable for use in "real-world" proteomic applications. Overall, the biocatalytic nanofibers with trypsin aggregate coatings proved to be an effective approach for repeated and automated protein digestion in proteomic analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: Accelerated Discovery of Synthetic Transfection Vectors: Parallel Synthesis and Screening of a Degradable Polymer Library. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Immunogenicity of Ra1A and its Tissue-Specific Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2009)

In order to understand the immunogenicity of a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), Ras family small GTP binding protein (Ra1A) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), autoantibody responses to RalA were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay in sera from patients with HCC and sera from normal individuals. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) study with tissue array slides was also performed to analyze protein expression profiles of RalA in HCC and control tissues. This study demonstrated that RalA had a relative higher frequency of autoantibody response in HCC (20.1%) compared to liver cirrhosis (3.3%), chronic hepatitis (0%), and normal individuals sera (0%). RalA also showed a stepwise increased expression from normal liver tissues (26.7%), liver cirrhosis tissues (45.0%) to HCC tissues (63.3%). Sensitivity and specificity of anti-RalA antibody in detection of HCC was 20.1% and 99.3%, respectively. The data suggested that RalA might contribute to liver malignant transformation, and could be used as a potential tumor marker in HCC detection.
Cervicovaginal Secretory Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV‐1) that Block Viral Transcytosis through Tight Epithelial Barriers in Highly Exposed HIV‐1–Seronegative African Women (2001)

Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) of the IgA, IgG, and IgM isotypes and high levels of the HIV suppressive beta-chemokine RANTES (regulated on activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted) were found in the cervicovaginal secretions (CVSs) of 7.5% of 342 multiply and repeatedly exposed African HIV-seronegative female sex workers. The antibodies are part of a local compartmentalized secretory immune response to HIV, since they are present in vaginal fluids that are free of contaminating semen. Cervicovaginal antibodies showed a reproducible pattern of reactivity restricted to gp160 and p24. Locally produced anti-env antibodies exhibit reactivity toward the neutralizing ELDKWA epitope of gp41. Study results show that antibodies purified from CVSs block the transcytosis of cell-associated HIV through a tight epithelial monolayer in vitro. These findings suggest that genital resistance to HIV may involve HIV-specific cervicovaginal antibody responses in a minority of highly exposed HIV-seronegative women in association with other protecting factors, such as local production of HIV-suppressive chemokines.
Blockade of IL-36 Receptor Signaling Does Not Prevent from TNF-Induced Arthritis (2014)

Thus we conclude that IL-36α does not affect the development of inflammatory arthritis.
Glutamylation of centriole and cytoplasmic tubulin in proliferating non-neuronal cells (1998)

We have examined the distribution of glutamylated tubulin in non-neuronal cell lines. A major part of centriole tubulin is highly modified on both the alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits, whereas a minor part of the cytoplasmic tubulin is slightly modified, on the beta-tubulin only. Furthermore, we observed that tubulin glutamylation varies during the cell cycle: an increase occurs during mitosis on both centriole and spindle microtubules. In the spindle, this increase appears more obvious on the pole-to-pole and kinetochore microtubules than on the astral microtubules. The cellular pattern and the temporal variation of this post-translational modification contrast with other previously described tubulin modifications. The functional significance of this distribution is discussed.
A hybrid switching scheme for LLC series-resonant half-bridge dc-dc converter in a wide load range (2010)

This paper presents a hybrid switching scheme for LLC series-resonant half-bridge (SRHB) dc-dc converter. The concept of the proposed hybrid switching scheme is changing the switching mode to improve power efficiency in a wide load range. The SRHB converter operates in three different switching modes depending on the output load condition. Digital control of the system facilitates the implementation of the proposed hybrid switching scheme. High efficiency is achieved with a constant output voltage over wide load range. Experimental results on a 5 kW prototype are presented to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed switching scheme for the SRHB converter.
A novel handy probe for tongue pressure measurement. (2002)

A disposable handy probe for measuring tongue pressure was developed and tested for clinical use. Despite the limited information acquired, we could see some quantitative aspects of tongue function conveniently and safely.
The Production of Liquid Fuel by Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass (1995)

The NREL Fast Ablative Pyrolysis Technology was employed to generate oils from various biomass feedstocks. The oil yield from wood (64 percent) was higher than from herbaceous species (51 percent). Biomass oils have potential to be used as fuel though their properties are different from those of petroleum derived oils. They are multicomponent mixtures containing various groups of organic compounds such as sugars, aldehydes, acids, and phenolics. The density of the oils is about 1.2 g/ml and the pH is in the range 2.5–3.7. The viscosity of 20–80 cP (at 45°C) corresponds to that of No. 6 fuel oil. The high heating value for the biomass oils is in the range of 22.5–24.4 MJ/kg on a water-free basis. Considering the highest oil yields, it corresponds to approximately 65 percent of the wood heating value transferred to the oil.
Highly Efficient Oil Separation Systems for Crankcase Ventilation (2009)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">As a result of the new exhaust gas legislation the significance of crankcase ventilation systems in combustion engines has drastically increased. Oil mist separation, which is a part of the crankcase ventilation systems, influences numerous engine processes, which directly or indirectly impact the emissions of newly developed combustion engines. The oil mist separator’s task is to retain the liquid oil parts and to return them to the oil sump. Thus, the oil mist separator reduces oil consumption and emissions. By continuously optimizing the oil consumption at different sources, oil separation from the blow-by gas is gaining significant influence on the overall oil carry consumption. In addition to reducing oil consumption, the development of highly efficient oil separation systems in crankcase ventilation it also rising in importance due to additional concerns.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The lifetime of the exhaust gas after treatment systems in Diesel engines is limited due to the deposition of particulates caused by the burning of oil. In Diesel engines and particularly among commercial vehicles, insufficient oil separation can pose the risk of carbon build up in the turbocharger, resulting in loss of power and ultimately, component failure. In modern, direct injection gasoline engines, deposits on the intake valves result in insufficient air flow. These topics increasingly determine the threshold values of permissible oil carry over through the crankcase ventilation.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This article will describe 2 developments in this field, which are represented by the switched impactor with none woven insert as a passive system and the electrical driven cone stack separator as an active system.</div>
Mesothelin's minimal MUC16 binding moiety converts TR3 into a potent cancer therapeutic <i>via</i> hierarchical binding events at the plasma membrane (2016)

TRAIL has been extensively explored as a cancer drug based on its tumor-selective activity profile but it is incapable per se of discriminating between death receptors expressed by normal host cells and transformed cancer cells. Furthermore, it is well documented that surface tethering substantially increases its biologic activity. We have previously reported on Meso-TR3, a constitutive TRAIL trimer targeted to the biomarker MUC16 (CA125), in which the entire ectodomain of human mesothelin was genetically fused to the TR3 platform, facilitating attachment to the cancer cells via the MUC16 receptor. Here, we designed a truncation variant, in which the minimal 64 amino acid MUC16 binding domain of mesothelin was incorporated into TR3. It turned out that the dual-domain biologic Meso64-TR3 retained its high MUC16 affinity and bound to the cancer cells quickly, independent of the TR3/death receptor interaction. Furthermore, it was substantially more potent than Meso-TR3 and TR3 in vitro and in a preclinical xenograft model of MUC16-dependent ovarian cancer. Phenotypically, Meso64-TR3 is more closely related to non-targeted TR3, evident by indistinguishable activity profiles on MUC16-deficient cancers and similar thermal stability characteristics. Overall, Meso64-TR3 represents a fully human, MUC16-targetd TRAIL-based biologic, ideally suited for exploring preclinical and clinical evaluation studies in MUC16-dependent malignancies.
Prevention and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections (2004)

Improved MRSA control is possible by detecting and isolating colonized patients.
Proposal of Histophilus somni gen. nov., sp. nov. for the three species incertae sedis ‘Haemophilus somnus’, ‘Haemophilus agni’ and ‘Histophilus ovis’ (2003)

Earlier investigations have shown that 'Haemophilus somnus', 'Haemophilus agni' and 'Histophilus ovis' represent the same species. In the present investigation, the taxonomic position of this species is explored further by sequencing the 16S rRNA and rpoB genes of strains that were investigated previously by DNA-DNA hybridization. These results clearly support the allocation of this species to a novel genus within the family PASTEURELLACEAE: The phenotypic separation of Histophilus somni gen. nov., sp. nov. from other members of the family can, for most strains, be based on capnophilia, yellowish pigmentation and indole production. However, due to phenotypic variation, the use of a species-specific PCR test based on the 16S rRNA gene is included in the species description. This is justified by the high sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene within the species and the fact that the highest sequence similarity to any other taxon within the family is 93.4 %. The type strain, 8025(T)=ATCC 43625(T)=CCUG 36157(T), was isolated in the USA from a bovine brain with lesions of thromboembolic meningoencephalitis.
Photoluminescence in erbium-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 thin films (1999)

Erbium-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3(PMN–PT) thin films were grown on (10 1̄2) sapphire substrate with a purpose of developing an active optical material combining both the large electro-optic (EO) effect and lasing or amplification functions. Strong characteristic Er3+ intra-4f shell emission around 1.54 μm is observed at room temperature and a compositional quenching occurred at where the Er content is larger than 0.5 mol %. The introduction of Er in PMN–PT decreased the EO effect, but the EO coefficient still maintain a reasonable value, which is about 0.4×10−16 (m/V)2 at Er content of 0.5 mol %. These results indicate that Er3+-doped PMN–PT can be a potential candidate for integrated optic active devices.
Parameter estimation of a meal glucose–insulin model for TIDM patients from therapy historical data (2018)

The effect of meal on blood glucose concentration is a key issue in diabetes mellitus because its estimation could be very useful in therapy decisions. In the case of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the therapy based on automatic insulin delivery requires a closed-loop control system to maintain euglycaemia even in the postprandial state. Thus, the mathematical modelling of glucose metabolism is relevant to predict the metabolic state of a patient. Moreover, the eating habits are characteristic of each person, so it is of interest that the mathematical models of meal intake allow to personalise the glycaemic state of the patient using therapy historical data, that is, daily measurements of glucose and records of carbohydrate intake and insulin supply. Thus, here, a model of glucose metabolism that includes the effects of meal is analysed in order to establish criteria for data-based personalisation. The analysis includes the sensitivity and identifiability of the parameters, and the parameter estimation problem was resolved via two algorithms: particle swarm optimisation and evonorm. The results show that the mathematical model can be a useful tool to estimate the glycaemic status of a patient and personalise it according to her/his historical data.
Centrosome assembly in vitro: role of gamma-tubulin recruitment in Xenopus sperm aster formation (1994)

Centrioles organize microtubules in two ways: either microtubules elongate from the centriole cylinder itself, forming a flagellum or a cilium ("template elongation"), or pericentriolar material assembles and nucleates a microtubule aster ("astral nucleation"). During spermatogenesis in most species, a motile flagellum elongates from one of the sperm centrioles, whereas after fertilization a large aster of microtubules forms around the sperm centrioles in the egg cytoplasm. Using Xenopus egg extracts we have developed an in vitro system to study this change in microtubule-organizing activity. An aster of microtubules forms around the centrioles of permeabilized frog sperm in egg extracts, but not in pure tubulin. However, when the sperm heads are incubated in the egg extract in the presence of nocodazole, they are able to nucleate a microtubule aster after isolation and incubation with pure calf brain tubulin. This provides a two-step assay that distinguishes between centrosome assembly and subsequent microtubule nucleation. We have studied several centrosomal antigens during centrosome assembly. The CTR2611 antigen is present in the sperm head in the peri-centriolar region. gamma-tubulin and certain phosphorylated epitopes appear in the centrosome only after incubation in the egg extract. gamma-tubulin is recruited from the egg extract and associated with electron-dense patches dispersed in a wide area around the centrioles. Immunodepletion of gamma-tubulin and associated molecules from the egg extract before sperm head incubation prevents the change in microtubule-organizing activity of the sperm heads. This suggests that gamma-tubulin and/or associated molecules play a key role in centrosome formation and activity.
Authenticating edges produced by zero-crossing algorithms (1989)

It is shown that zero-crossing edge detection algorithms can produce edges that do not correspond to significant image intensity changes. Such edges are called phantom or spurious. A method for classifying zero crossings as corresponding to authentic or phantom edges is presented. The contrast of an authentic edge is shown to increase and the contrast of phantom edges to decrease with a decrease in the filter scale. Thus, a phantom edge is truly a phantom in that the closer one examines it, the weaker it becomes. The results of applying the classification schemes described to synthetic and authentic signals in one and two dimensions are given. The significance of the phantom edges is examined with respect to their frequency and strength relative to the authentic edges, and it is seen that authentic edges are denser and stronger, on the average, than phantom edges.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regulation of histone deacetylase activities (2004)

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues in both histone and non-histone proteins. They play a key role in the regulation of gene transcription and many other biological processes involving chromatin. Significantly, recent studies suggest that HDACs are critically involved in cell-cycle regulation, cell proliferation, differentiation, and in the development of human cancer. HDAC inhibitors currently are being exploited as potential anti-cancer agents. As expected for vital regulators of many cellular processes, the activities of HDACs are tightly controlled and precisely regulated by multiple mechanisms. The activities of most if not all HDACs are regulated by protein-protein interactions. In addition, many HDACs are regulated by post-translational modifications as well as by subcellular localization. Less studied, but perhaps equally important, is the regulation of some HDACs by control of expression, availability of cofactors, and by proteolytic processing. A complete understanding of how HDACs are regulated will contribute not only to our overall knowledge of chromatin structure and gene control, but will offer tremendous insight into approaches for developing therapeutic HDAC inhibitors with improved specificity.
Robot-based 3d imaging in industrial inspection (2005)

In This work, 3D scanners are presented for industrial quality assurance and 3D inspection. The paper also shows a typical measuring procedure of a full-field measurement using a modern 3D scanner. For the inspection of large and complex components, a robot is used, together with a rotation table. The data of a digitized cylinder head cover compared to the respective CAD data set were also shown.
Scheduling distributed applications: the SimGrid simulation framework (2003)

Since the advent of distributed computer systems an active field of research has been the investigation of scheduling strategies for parallel applications. The common approach is to employ scheduling heuristics that approximate an optimal schedule. Unfortunately, it is often impossible to obtain analytical results to compare the efficacy of these heuristics. One possibility is to conducts large numbers of back-to-back experiments on real platforms. While this is possible on tightly-coupled platforms, it is infeasible on modern distributed platforms (i.e. Grids) as it is labor-intensive and does not enable repeatable results. The solution is to resort to simulations. Simulations not only enables repeatable results but also make it possible to explore wide ranges of platform and application scenarios. In this paper we present the SimGrid framework which enables the simulation of distributed applications in distributed computing environments for the specific purpose of developing and evaluating scheduling algorithms. This paper focuses on SimGrid v2, which greatly improves on the first version of the software with more realistic network models and topologies. SimGrid v2 also enables the simulation of distributed scheduling agents, which has become critical for current scheduling research in large-scale platforms. After describing and validating these features, we present a case study by which we demonstrate the usefulness of SimGrid for conducting scheduling research.
Sustained Release Oral Drug Delivery System - An Overview (2013)

Oral drug delivery is the most preferred and convenient option as the oral route provides maximum active surface area among all drug delivery system for administration of various drugs. The attractiveness of these dosage forms is due to awareness to toxicity and ineffectiveness of drugs when administered by oral conventional method in the form of tablets & capsules. Usually conventional dosage form produces wide range of fluctuation in drug concentration in the bloodstream and tissues with consequent undesirable toxicity and poor efficiency. The maintenance of concentration of drug in plasma within therapeutic index is very critical for effective treatment. These factors as well as factors such as repetitive dosing and unpredictable absorption lead to the concept of oral Sustained release drug delivery systems. Sustained release drug delivery system works on many different mechanisms to control the release rate of drugs. Developing oral sustained release matrix tablets for drug with constant release rate has always been a challenge to the pharmaceutical technologist. Drug release through matrix system is determined by Water penetration, Polymer swelling, Drug dissolution, Drug diffusion, Matrix erosion have been utilized as formulation approaches. The present article contains brief review on various formulation approaches for Sustained release drug delivery system.