gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduction of dark current and unintentional background doping in InGaAsN photodetectors by ex situ annealing (2010)

InGaAsN is a promising material system to enable low-cost GaAs-based detectors to operate in the telecommunication spectrum, despite the problems posed by the low growth temperature required for nitrogen incorporation. We demonstrate that InGaAsN p<sup>+</sup>-i-n<sup>+</sup> structures with nominal In and N fraction of 10% and 3.8%, grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) under non-optimal growth conditions, can be optimized by post growth thermal annealing to match the performance of optimally grown structures. We report the findings of an annealing study by comparing the photoluminescence spectra, dark current and background concentration of the as-grown and annealed samples. The dark current of the optimally annealed sample is approximately 2 μA/cm<sup>2</sup> at an electric field of 100 kV/cm, and is the lowest reported to date for InGaAsN photodetectors with a cut-off wavelength of 1.3 μm. Evidence of lower unintentional background concentration after annealing at a sufficiently high temperature, is also presented.
Tunable Liquid Crystal-Resonant Grating Filter Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography (2007)

We demonstrate a tunable filter consisting of a subwavelength resonant grating filter cladded by a liquid crystal cell. The resonant wavelength of the grating filter is tuned by electrically varying the refractive index of the liquid crystal. A tuning range of around 20 nm has been achieved.
Effectiveness and tolerability of second‐line therapy with vildagliptin vs. other oral agents in type 2 diabetes: A real‐life worldwide observational study (<scp>EDGE</scp>) (2013)

EDGE demonstrates that in a 'real-life' setting, vildagliptin as second OAD can lower HbA(1c) to target without well-recognised OAD side effects, more frequently than comparator OADs. In addition, EDGE illustrates that conducting large-scale, prospective, real-life studies poses challenges but yields valuable clinical information complementary to RCTs.
Closed form design of prototype filters for linear phase DFT polyphase filter banks (2002)

A complex modulated subband coding filter bank with almost perfect reconstruction is discussed. It is realized by means of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) polyphase filter banks with high computational efficiency. In the analysis and the synthesis part of the filter bank, the same linear phase prototype filters are used. A closed-form design of the prototype filter is presented in the form of a square root raised-cosine function weighted by a Hamming window. This design method provides small amplitude and aliasing distortion with few filter coefficients, and enables a trade-off between the two different kinds of distortion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Domperidone: A Peripherally Acting Dopamine<sub>2</sub>-Receptor Antagonist (1999)

Domperidone is a unique gastrokinetic and antiemetic drug. Because of its favorable safety profile, domperidone appears to be an attractive alternative to metoclopramide. In the management of diabetic gastropathy, domperidone's antiemetic activity distinguishes it from cisapride.
A comparative study of several dynamic time warping algorithms for speech recognition (1980)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980.
Rapid detection of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal highs using surface-enhanced Raman scattering produced by gold nanoparticle co-aggregation in a wet system (2019)

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a major category of new psychoactive substances that are frequently distributed after addition to plants. To date, various SCs with small differences in their chemical structures have prevailed in the illegal drug market. Thus, the development of a method for rapid detection with high discrimination capability is critically important for the forensic field. Vibrational spectroscopy is a possible analytical technique for this purpose because it can sensitively reflect differences among chemical structures. In this study, we applied surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with gold nanoparticle co-aggregation in a wet system to plant samples containing SCs. The experimental protocol used was simple and involved only mixing of the sample with several other solutions. It was possible to detect SERS spectra from various stock solutions of SCs by this method. The method was then applied to street samples containing SCs. Some of the plant samples containing SCs did not produce significant SERS signals even though stock solutions of the same SCs did produce SERS spectra. We investigated the reason for this discrepancy and speculated that the solubility in aqueous solutions was a factor determining whether a significant SERS signal could be detected or not. According to this hypothesis, minimal sample pre-treatment methods were applied. This allowed for the detection of SERS spectra from the examined plant samples. The developed approach is a powerful method for screening analysis of SCs in plant fragments.
The Effects of Oil Additives in the Ball Rust Test (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Ball Rust Test (BRT), a corrosion bench test developed for evaluating the rust preventing qualities of crankcase motor oils, is being proposed as a replacement for the ASTM Sequence IID engine test. Details of this bench test are described in the paper “Development of the Ball Rust Test - A Bench Test Replacement for the Sequence IID Engine Test.” In this paper, a good correlation was established between rust performance in the BRT versus the IID engine test rust rating for a variety of oils. Following the development of the BRT, a comprehensive study was conducted using this bench test to define the effectiveness of oil additive type and concentration on rust inhibition. This paper summarizes these results and offers insight into effective rust control in a corrosive environment.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">High-base metallic sulfonates were found to be most effective at preventing rust primarily due to preservation of alkalinity. Effects of other additives, such as low-base detergents and dispersants, on rust prevention in the BRT are also reported. These findings are similar to previously published additive effects on rusting in short-trip service tests.</div>
Basicities of Strong Bases in Water: A Computational Study (2014)

Aqueous pKa values of strong organic bases -DBU, TBD, MTBD, different phosphazene bases, etc -were computed with CPCM, SMD and COSMO-RS approaches. Explicit solvent molecules were not used. Direct computations and computations with reference pKa values were used. The latter were of two types: (1) reliable experimental aqueous pKa value of a reference base with structure similar to the investigated base or (2) reliable experimental pKa value in acetonitrile of the investigated base itself.
Ball Lightning and Self-Containing Electromagnetic Fields (1965)

A model for ball lightning is developed in which most of its energy is accounted for by a toroidal magnetic field. The poloidal motion of its electrons, which maintains the magnetic field, is stabilized by a seaparation of charges which produces the required electric field. Loss of electrons and ions by recombination is made up by an interaction of the magnetic field with the current which replaces the lost charges. Order of magnitude computations are made for three phenomena reported in the literature: (1) a large ball lightning, (2) a plasmoid observed in a submarine, and (3) a granule on the surface of the sun. The principal justification for this model is its mechanism for extended lifetimes.
A signalling architecture for multimedia services (2003)

A flexible broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) signaling architecture and protocols for handling advanced multimedia/multiparty B-ISDN communications are described. The authors propose the introduction of an open systems interconnection (OSI) layer 7 structure for the signaling application, employing full functional separation of the call and bearer control parts of the protocol. They further propose that the entities supporting these relations be coordinated by means of a party control entity. Consequently, a flexible B-ISDN signaling architecture is demonstrated, capable of handling the most complex multimedia and multiparity calls that can be imagined. It is simple in each of its elements, allows a graceful evolution as the network evolves, and is suitable for a wide range of terminals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Commissural and intrinsic connections of the rat hippocampus (1979)

The commissural and intrinsic connections of the hippocampus were studied using the Fink-Heimer method and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) uptake technique. A conspicuous septo-termporal gradient was found of the density of the commissural projection that passes through the psalterium ventrale to the Ammon's horn. The degeneration resulting from transection of the psalterium ventrale was most dense in the septal tip and decreased towards the temporal tip. The commissural and ipsilateral connections from the hilus fasciae dentatae (CA4) and regio inferior (CA3/CA2) were found to terminate in different parts of the hippocampus. The hilus fasciae dentatae gave rise to ipsilateral and commissural projections to the dentate area only. The regio inferior has ipsilateral and commissural projections to the Ammon's horn. A specific termination pattern was found of the projection from regio inferior to stratum radiatum of both the ipsilateral and contralateral regio superior (CA1) and regio inferior (CA2/CA3). At levels temporal to the lesion, the projection is primarily to the superficial part of stratum radiatum, while at levels septal to the lesion the terminal zone occupies the deep part of the layer. This pattern was not related to the position of the cells of origin, along the septo-temporal or subiculo-dentate axes. In general, the commissural projections showed the same degree of septo-temporal divergence as the ipsilateral projections. The only major difference in the terminal fields of the two sets projections to the Ammon's horn was that the terminal zone of the commissural projection to stratum oriens was always more dense than that of the ipsilateral projection to this layer, while an inverse gradient was seen in stratum radiatum. The projections from the septal and middle dorso-ventral parts of regio inferior differed. The temporal spread of the projections from the septal part was large while that from the projections arising at middle dorso-ventral levels was more restricted. Moreover, a longitudinal association path interconnecting different parts of the regio inferior along the septo-temporal axis was seen to arise only from the cells in the septal parts of the regio inferior. Each part of the regio inferior projected to all parts of stratum radiatum and oriens of the contralateral Ammon's horn. However, the projection to the contralateral regio inferior was most dense at the site homotopic to that lesioned. The ventricular part of regio inferior projected primarily to the contralateral stratum oriens of the Ammon's horn, while the part adjacent to the dentate area mostly supplied stratum radiatum.
Epigenetic signaling in psychiatric disorders: stress and depression (2014)

Psychiatric disorders are complex multifactorial disorders involving chronic alterations in neural circuit structure and function. While genetic factors play a role in the etiology of disorders such as depression, addiction, and schizophrenia, relatively high rates of discordance among identical twins clearly point to the importance of additional factors. Environmental factors, such as stress, play a major role in the psychiatric disorders by inducing stable changes in gene expression, neural circuit function, and ultimately behavior. Insults at the developmental stage and in adulthood appear to induce distinct maladaptations. Increasing evidence indicates that these sustained abnormalities are maintained by epigenetic modifications in specific brain regions. Indeed, transcriptional dysregulation and associated aberrant epigenetic regulation is a unifying theme in psychiatric disorders. Aspects of depression can be modeled in animals by inducing disease-like states through environmental manipulations, and these studies can provide a more general understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in psychiatric disorders. Understanding how environmental factors recruit the epigenetic machinery in animal models is providing new insights into disease mechanisms in humans.
Phase optimisation for structured illumination microscopy (2013)

Structured illumination microscopy can achieve super-resolution in fluorescence imaging. The sample is illuminated with periodic light patterns, and a series of images are acquired for different pattern positions, also called phases. From these a super-resolution image can be computed. However, for an artefact-free reconstruction it is important that the pattern phases be known with very high precision. If the necessary precision cannot be guaranteed experimentally, the phase information has to be retrieved a posteriori from the acquired data. We present a fast and robust algorithm that iteratively determines these phases with a precision of typically below λ/100. Our method, which is based on cross-correlations, allows optimisation of pattern phase even when the pattern itself is too fine for detection, in which case most other methods inevitably fail. We analyse the performance of this method using simulated data from a synthetic 2D sample as well as experimental single-slice data from a 3D sample and compare it with another previously published approach.
A Design Method for Irredundant Cascades (2002)

A realization of multiple-output logic functions using an irredundant cascade is presented. First, a multiple-output function is represented by an encoded characteristic function for non-zeros (ECFN). Then, it is represented by a cascade of look-up tables (LUTs). Multiple-output functions for benchmark functions are realized by cascades of LUTs, and the number of LUTs and levels of cascades are shown.
A carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance study of protonation in Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines (1981)

A carbon-13 n.m.r. study of protonation in various imidazo[4,5- c]pyridines has revealed that imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine and its 1- and 3- methyl derivatives are protonated at N5; 6-chloroimidazo-[4,5- c]pyridine and its 1-methyl derivative are protonated at N 3 but the 3- methyl analogue protonates at N 1; and 2-methylthioimidazo[4,5- c]pyridine (and also its 5-methyl derivative) protonate at both N 1 and N 3, but 1- and 3-methyl-2-methylthioimidazo[4,5-c]pyridine protonate at N 5.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma – studies on immunohistochemical and clinical prognostic factors (2010)

DLBCL, the most common lymphoma entity, is a potentially curable but heterogeneous disease. Most studies concerning therapy and prognostic factors have been performed on selected patient materials. It is important to identify immunohistochemical biomarkers which could add prognostic information to clinical factors. Recently, the combination of rituximab (R) and chemotherapy has resulted in improved survival, but still a proportion of patients fail to not reach sustained remission. Dysregulated apoptosis has been suggested to be involved in R-chemotherapy resistance.\nThe aims were to retrospectively investigate i) administered therapy, survival and clinical prognostic factors in a non-selected, population-based cohort, and for those who had received chemotherapy with curative potential, investigate the prognostic role of ii) tumour infiltrating CD3+ lymphocytes, TIA-1+ and perforin+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), and iii) the proliferation markers Ki-67 and cyclin A, in the context of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 and galectin-3 proteins and germinal centre B-cell like (GCB) vs non-GCB phenotype (using CD10, bcl-6 and MUM-1). Finally, the aim was to investigate the prognostic role of iv) anti-apoptotic (bcl-2, MCL1, p-AKT, bcl-xL) and pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bak) proteins in patients treated with R-chemotherapy. \nOut of 535 patients diagnosed between 1995 and 2000 in Western Health Care Region, only 62% accomplished chemotherapy with curative potential. The prognostic value of International Prognostic Index (IPI) was confirmed, but, surprisingly, also male sex predicted worse outcome. Immunohistochemical analysis on almost 200 patients showed that i) a small number of TIA-1+ CTLs predicted better outcome, independent of IPI and sex, but FOXP3+ Tregs expression was not prognostic, and ii) low Ki-67 expression, bcl-2+ and non-GCB phenotype predicted inferior survival, independent of clinical factors. The impact of Ki-67 was independent of bcl-2 and non-GCB/GCB, respectively.\nIn 106 patients treated with R-chemotherapy between 2005 and 2007, high p-AKT expression predicted worse survival, independent of clinical factors and bcl-2 status, a novel finding. Moreover, bcl-2 overexpression still predicted worse outcome. This suggests that p-AKT and bcl-2 overexpression could be indicators of R-chemotherapy resistance of prognostic importance.
Tip Clearance Flow Visualization of a Turbine Blade Cascade With Active and Passive Flow Control (2008)

The secondary flow in the tip clearance region of a stationary linear low pressure turbine blade cascade was studied using two types of surface flow visualization and documented using wake pressure measurements in order to identify the potential means and impact of flow control to reduce losses associated with the tip clearance flow. An evaporating fluid mixture was used for flow visualization on the casing surface of the tip clearance. An oil ink-dot tracing method was used on the blade tip. These measurements illustrate the important features of the near-casing flow physics, including the size and chordwise extent of the blade tip separation bubble, separation lines on the casing, the flow direction on the blade tip and casing, the size and exit trajectory of the tip leakage and passage vortices, as well as the total pressure loss and secondary velocity vectors downstream of the blade. The flow was visualized in this way for a plain, flat tip, a tip mounted plasma actuator, and a partial suction side squealer tip. Both flow control devices were observed to affect the flow in the clearance. The plasma actuator was shown to improve the total pressure loss in the tip leakage vortex by as much as 9% from the loss over the plain tip blade. The tests were performed over a Reynolds numbers range between 5.3 × 104 and 1.04 × 105 at a fixed tip clearance of 2% of axial chord.
Measuring Esophageal Motility with a New Intraluminal Impedance Device: First Clinical Results in Reflux Patients (1994)

We conclude that impedance procedures may give additional significant information about bolus transport and esophageal wall movements.
A sensor for monitoring pulse rate, respiration rhythm, and body movement in bed (2011)

A non-constraint cardiac vibration, respiration, and body movement monitoring system has been developed. The sensor system is designed to be easily installable under an existing bed mattress. The sensor consists of a 40-kHz ultrasound transmitter and receiver pair. The transmitted ultrasound is reflected on the mattress' undersurface, and the amplitude of the received ultrasonic wave is modulated by the shape of the mattress, and parameters such as respiration, cardiac vibration, and movement. The physiological parameters can be extracted from the reflected ultrasound by an envelope detection circuit. To confirm the accuracy of the developed system, measurements were performed on 6 normal male subjects aged 25.0 ± 6.7 years, using 2 pocket spring coil mattresses and a polyurethane foam mattress. The results revealed that the physiological parameters were monitored with an 84.2% average accuracy for all mattresses when the subjects lay on the beds in the supine, lateral, and prone positions.
New Challenges for Interoperability of Control Systems (2008)

Visualization of data from SCADA systems and control systems databases on Internet browsers is becoming an important constituent part of control system functioning. New Web technologies for automation systems allow effective way of various data formats exchanging that was earlier difficult or impossible at all. Modern today’s Web technologies were analyzed and was shown that it is possible to solve interoperability problems between different fieldbuses or databases more effectively, when data structures of control systems and device profiles are described in XML. It was shown that XML and it supporting family of technologies allows new possibilities for description of control systems data base content and structure. Ill.1, bibl. 4 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
(.+-.)-3-Amino-6-carboxamido-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole: a conformationally restricted analog of 5-carboxamidotryptamine with selectivity for the serotonin 5-HT1D receptor (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT(.+-.)-3-Amino-6-carboxamido-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole: a conformationally restricted analog of 5-carboxamidotryptamine with selectivity for the serotonin 5-HT1D receptorFrank D. King, Anthony M. Brown, Laramie M. Gaster, Alberto J. Kaumann, Andrew D. Medhurst, Stephen G. Parker, Andrew A. Parsons, Tracey L. Patch, and Pravin RavalCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 13, 1918–1919Publication Date (Print):June 25, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 25 June 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00065a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views236Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (216 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Microbe-derived extracellular vesicles as a smart drug delivery system (2018)

The human microbiome is known to play an essential role in influencing host health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have also been reported to act on a variety of signaling pathways, distally transport cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid, and have immunomodulatory effects. Here we shall review the current understanding of the intersectionality of the human microbiome and EVs in the emerging field of microbiota-derived EVs and their pharmacological potential. Microbes secrete several classes of EVs: outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), membrane vesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies. EV biogenesis is unique to each cell and regulated by sophisticated signaling pathways. EVs are primarily composed of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and recent evidence suggests they may also carry metabolites. These components interact with host cells and control various cellular processes by transferring their constituents. The pharmacological potential of microbiomederived EVs as vaccine candidates, biomarkers, and a smart drug delivery system is a promising area of future research. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate in detail the mechanisms of microbiome-derived EV action in host health in a multi-disciplinary manner.