gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Visual classification (1999)

Article Free Access Share on Visual classification: an interactive approach to decision tree construction Authors: Mihael Ankerst Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, Germany Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, GermanyView Profile , Christian Elsen Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, Germany Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, GermanyView Profile , Martin Ester Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, Germany Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, GermanyView Profile , Hans-Peter Kriegel Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, Germany Institute for Computer Science, University of Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, D-80538 München, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims KDD '99: Proceedings of the fifth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data miningAugust 1999 Pages 392–396https://doi.org/10.1145/312129.312298Published:01 August 1999Publication History 108citation1,861DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations108Total Downloads1,861Last 12 Months173Last 6 weeks20 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A novel microinjector with virtual chamber neck (2002)

This paper describes a thermally driven droplet-injector which employs a novel concept of "virtual chamber neck". The idea is to either isolate the microchamber from the liquid supply or connect to it by forming or collapsing a bubble at the chamber entrance. The use of bubble valves instead of actual valves enables fast and reliable device operation yet makes the fabrication simple. Microfabrication of this microinjector is based on monolithic bulk/surface-combine micromachining of silicon, free of the wafer bonding commonly used in printing industry. The droplet ejection is characterized at frequencies over 2 kHz by using a visualization method. Testing results show that our design reduces the cross talk among neighboring chambers and eliminates the satellite droplet, one of the most troublesome problems in inkjet.
Peripheral arthropathies in inflammatory bowel disease: their articular distribution and natural history (1998)

Enteropathic peripheral arthropathy without axial involvement can be subdivided into a pauciarticular, large joint arthropathy, and a bilateral symmetrical polyarthropathy, each being distinguished by its articular distribution and natural history.
The progress of traditional Chinese medicine in treating fibromyalgia syndrome (2016)

The article reviewed the progress of traditional Chinese medicine in treating fibromyalgia syndrome and summarized the status and feature of different therapies in recent years in order to provide idea for the further researches. In addition, the article also discussed the problems and solutions of the researches.


Key words: 
Traditional Chinese medicine therapy; Fibromyalgia; Clinical study; Review
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a New Reversely Linked Type of Dual Histamine H2 and Gastrin Receptor Antagonist. (1997)

In an attempt to improve the low oral absorbability of previously reported dual histamine H2 and gastrin receptor antagonists, compounds of a different type were synthesized and evaluated for biological activity. These new compounds bear a histamine H2 receptor antagonist (H2A) pharmacophore moiety attached to a gastrin receptor antagonist (GA) pharmacophore moiety in a reversed manner, namely the head-to-head manner, different from the previously reported head-to-tail manner. These new hybrid compounds were classified into three types: type I, the regular amide type bearing a roxatidine moiety; type II, the reversed amide type bearing a roxatidine moiety; and type III, hybrid compounds bearing a famotidine moiety directly connected to a GA moiety without a spacer. Among them, only (R)-1-[3-(N'-(4-[2-(N-aminosulfonylamidino)ethylthiomethyl] thiazol-2-yl) guanidinomethyl)phenyl]-3- (1-methyl-2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl) ure a (42), belonging to type III, showed a weak but distinct histamine H2 receptor-antagonistic activity as well as a modest gastrin receptor-antagonistic activity. Of most importance was the finding that this compound showed a weak but clearly improved in vivo oral antigastric acid secretory activity as a result of the structural changes, including the decreased molecular weight.
Optimal Spacecraft Attitude Control Using Aerodynamic Torques (2007)

This thesis introduces a method of three-axis spacecraft attitude control using only aerodynamic torques. Attitude actuation is achieved using four control panels mounted on the rear of a cubical spacecraft bus. The controller consists of an outer loop using linear state feedback to determine desired control torque and an inner loop to choose appropriate control panel angles. The inner loop uses a Jacobian-based approach to invert the nonlinear relationship between panel angles and generated torque. Controller performance is evaluated via simulations, which show that three-axis control is possible over a range of initial angles and angular rates. The analysis used partial accommodation theory as the basis for aerodynamic torque calculations and assumed a rotating atmosphere with an exponential density profile.
<title>Potential application of optical coherence tomography for noninvasive monitoring of glucose concentration</title> (2001)

In the past two decades, the applications of optical monitoring for non-invasive assessment of glucose have been pursued with limited success. We have investigated potential application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for non- invasive and continuous monitoring of blood glucose concentration. An OCT system with the wavelength of 1300 nm was used in phantom and in vivo studies. Polystyrene spheres with the diameter of 0.76 micrometers were used as scatterers in aqueous solutions in the phantom studies. We have found 4.5% change of the OCT signal slope as a function of glucose concentration in the range from 0 to 100 mM in the phantoms. This is in good agreement with theoretical calculations performed using Mie's theory. Bolus glucose injection and glucose clamping experiments were performed in New Zealand rabbits and Yucatan micropigs. OCT images were obtained from skin (dorsal area of the pigs and rabbit ear). Our pilot studies show close correlation between actual blood glucose concentration and slope of the OCT signals. The slope decreased substantially (about 40% in tissues in vivo) with the increase of blood glucose concentration from 4 to 30 mM. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that glucose-induced changes in optical properties of skin can be monitored by OCT suggesting that a new OCT-based optical sensor could be developed for sensitive and accurate non-invasive monitoring of glucose concentration in vivo.
Insertion of Imines into Palladium-Acyl Bonds: Towards Metal-Catalyzed Alternating Copolymerization of Imines with Carbon Monoxide To Form Polypeptides (1998)

From a methyl ligand, CO, and an imine a chelating amide ligand is formed by insertion of the C=N bond into the metal-acyl bond in cationic palladium(II) complexes (see reaction below). The cationic acylpalladium complexes are obtained from CO and readily accessible palladium starting materials. LL=diphosphane ligand.
544. The synthesis of thyroxine and related substances. Part VIII. The preparation of some halogeno- and nitro-diphenyl ethers (1951)

J. C. Clayton, G. F. H. Green and B. A. Hems, J. Chem. Soc., 1951, 2467 DOI: 10.1039/JR9510002467
Cholinergic Drugs in Alzheimer's Disease (1986)

Less than a decade ago, vasodilators and metabolic enhancers were the agents used to "treat" Alzheimer's disease, although it is primarily a disease neither of cerebral blood flow nor of altered metabolic activity. Once the importance of a cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer's disease had been elaborated,1 it became possible to conceive of a rational approach to treatment.There are three basic pharmacologic strategies for augmenting cholinergic neurotransmission: drugs can increase the synthesis or release of acetylcholine, protect acetylcholine from being degraded, or act directly at the cholinergic receptor. With a few exceptions, cholinomimetic compounds that unequivocably increase central cholinergic activity . . .
100 Gb/s Differential Linear TIAs With Less Than 10 pA/ $\sqrt {\mathrm {Hz}}$ in 130-nm SiGe:C BiCMOS (2017)

The design methodology and circuit implementation of a transimpedance (TI) amplifier (TIA) featuring low averaged input-referred current noise density without compromising the TIA bandwidth (BW) are presented. The technology role in the key performance metrics is also discussed and verified by means of two analogous TIA designs implemented in two different 130-nm SiGe:C BiCMOS processes from IHP, SG13S with fT/fmax = 250/340 GHz and SG13G2 with fT/fmax = 300/500 GHz. Both TIAs adopt a fully differential linear architecture with three stages: an input shunt-feedback TI stage followed by a variable gain amplifier which provides post-amplification with 15-dB gain control range and an output 50-Ω buffer. The TIA in SG13S features 68.5 dBQ differential TI √ gain, 42-GHz 3-dB BW, and 8 pA/ Hz averaged input-referred current noise density while the second TIA in SG13G2 provides 65 dBQ differential TI gain, 66-GHz 3-dB BW, and 7.6 pA/√Hz. Measured total harmonic distortion in both TIAs in the maximum gain condition is better than 5% for ~800 mVppd output swing and input currents of ~300 μApp. Both circuits dissipate 150 mW of power and are shown to operate at up to 100 Gb/s data rate with clean PRBS31 non-return to zero and PAM-4 eye diagrams. To the author's best knowledge, the reported TIAs exhibit the lowest averaged input-referred current noise density shown to date at a BW sufficient to support 100 Gb/s net data rate, surpassing other silicon-based and InP implementations toward the next-generation 400 Gb/s optical links.
Deficiency of Sustained Attention in ADHD and Its Potential Genetic Contributor <i>MAOA</i> (2015)

Children with ADHD presented with a sustained attention deficit compared with normal controls. The sustained attention deficit of children with ADHD may be associated with genetic variant of MAOA.
Diet Enriched with Omega‐3 Fatty Acids Alleviates Convulsion Symptoms in Epilepsy Patients (2002)

Incorporation of the dietary supplement containing n-3 PUFAs may be beneficial in suppression of some cases of epileptic seizures.
Diffusion-Based Analysis of Molecular Interactions in Microfluidic Devices (2004)

The study of molecular interactions in biological fluids is important as a research tool to elucidate molecular and biological function, for discovering or designing molecules that have a desirable function, and for measuring or detecting analytes for clinical diagnostic purposes. Microfluidics is an emerging technology that has proven useful for studying and controlling molecular interactions with the potential advantages of reduced sample and reagent volumes, short reaction times, portable instrumentation, and high throughput. At microscale dimensions, diffusive transport of many biologically relevant molecules can cover large fractions of a fluid channel in a short time (seconds to minutes). We have exploited this feature to analyze molecular interactions based on changes in the diffusive transport of one of the reacting components. Here, we present a new assay configuration for studying molecular binding interactions and report new developments in the fabrication and use of hydrogels for diffusion-based analysis. We also overview system configurations and analysis techniques that have proven useful for studying molecular interactions of biological analytes and discuss their ability to operate using complex fluids such as blood.
Catalytic Arylations with Challenging Substrates: From Air-Stable HASPO Preligands to Indole Syntheses and C-H-Bond Functionalizations (2007)

The development of novel ligands and their applications to transition-metal catalysis performed in our laboratory are ­summarized. These studies include the use of air-stable, modular heteroatom-substituted secondary phosphine oxides (HASPO) in cross-coupling reactions of challenging substrates, such as aryl and vinyl chlorides, fluorides, and tosylates.
Direct 2-D display of 3-D objects (1984)

An approach to the problem of deriving a 2-D display of a 3-D object is described that is quite different from previous methods in that boundary detection and hidden-surface removal are not carried out explicitly. The method uses a scan-line representation of three-dimensional objects.
Open Access Repositories: A Review (2010)

This article reviews recent literature on open access (OA) repositories and explores issues such as author attitudes, publisher participation, government and university initiatives, and barriers to OA.
Face Exemplars Selection from Video Streams for Online Learning (2005)

This paper tackles the problem of online acquisition of exemplars for dynamic updating of classifiers for facial analysis. Most facial analysis systems apply a previously computed classifier to a set of images, or recently to the output of real-time face detection systems. Here we describe an approach to select significant detected faces during interactive sessions in order to learn and modify online, with the initial help of an expert, a classifier for a given task. Preliminary experiments are reported related to gender recognition.
The transcription T-bet is required for optimal pro-inflammatory trafficking of CD4(+) T-cells (2005)

Background: The transcription factor T-bet is a critical regulator of Th1 effector function. Animals deficient in T-bet are protected from a variety of inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and inflammatory arthritis. An essential function of Th1 cells is the ability to traffic appropriately to sites of inflammation, which is largely dependent on the expression of specific selectin ligands and chemokine receptors. We therefore hypothesised that T-bet would modulate lymphocyte trafficking in vitro and in vivo by direct regulation of both selectin binding and chemokine function. Methods: Balb/c mice deficient in, or transgenic for, T-bet had been generated previously. T-bet\\(^{-/-}\\) × DO11.10 TCR and T-bet\\(^{-/-}\\) × IFN\\(^{-/-}\\) mice were generated by backcrossing for >10 generations. CD4\\(^+\\) T cells were generated from primary lymph nodes from all these mice by positive selection and stimulation with appropriate antigen. Functional analysis used the following four methods: adoptive transfer into WT Balb/c mice, which were then injected with OVA, cells were harvested from the spleen, lymph node and peritoneum; selectin binding, interactions with immoblised P-selectin and E-selectin under conditions of laminar flow were examined in a parallel plate flow chamber; expression of selectin ligands, using flow cytometry, real-time PCR and 35S incorporation; and chemokine receptor expression and function, using flow cytometry, real-time PCR, transwell chemotaxis and endothelial binding under flow conditions. Results: Selective migration of T-bet\\(^{-/-}\\) CD4\\(^+\\) T cells in a Th1-dependent model of peritoneal inflammation was completely abrogated. Further investigation revealed that this effect was due to a 50% reduction in binding to P-selectin but not E-selectin under in vitro flow conditions and that this was as a result of impaired tyrosine sulfation of PSGL-1. In addition, mRNA and surface expression of CXCR3, but not CCR5, was reduced and this was associated with a reduction in both transwell chemotaxis and binding to endothelial cells. Retroviral transfer experiments of T-bet cDNA into T-bet\\(^{-/-}\\) and T-bet\\(^{-/-}\\) × IFN\\(^{-/-}\\) cells demonstrated that these effects were independent of interferon. Conclusions: These data establish that T-bet imprints a specific migratory program onto developing CD4\\(^+\\) cells via control of PSGL-1 sulfation (and thus P-selectin binding) and CXCR3 expression and function. Furthermore, as E-selectin and CCR5 binding are unimpaired, this reveals a level of control on trafficking of Th1 lymphocytes not recognised by previous paradigms.
클래식 음악을 활용한 통합적 음악활동 과정에서 나타난 유아들의 반응탐색 (2011)

본 연구는 클래식 음악(고전음악)을 활용한 통합적 유아 음악활동 과정에서 유아들의 반응을 관찰하고 분석하며, 그 특징을 유형화 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 우선 문헌연구에 기초하여 클래식 음악을 활용한 통합적 음악 활동안을 구성했으며, 이어서 만 5세의 유아 25명을 대상으로 주 2회씩 8주 동안 총 16회에 걸쳐 통합적 음악활동을 실시하였다. 이 때 유아들의 반응에 대한 자료 수집을 위해 연구보조자의 참여관찰, 디지털 카메라 촬영, 연구자 저널쓰기, 교사면담 방식을 적용했고, 자료전사방식을 이용해 반응 내용을 분석했다. 연구결과, 활동초기에 유아들은 어색한 모습을 보였지만 곧 클래식 음악에 관심을 갖고 질문을 하며 학습 동기유발을 하였다. 통합적 활동안은 다양한 교수매체와 교수법을 적용했고, 일상생활과 연계된 놀이 체험과 다감각적인 체험활동으로 구성했다. 통합적인 음악활동을 통해, 유아들이 클래식 음악에 더욱 친숙해지고 음악적인 개념과 요소들을 발견하고, 능동적이고 창의적인 자기표현 단계로 발전해갔다. 더 나아가 음악활동이 사고능력과 언어능력, 신체표현능력 등과 연계되어 통합적인 학습활동이 이루어진 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 클래식음악이 유아 음악활동과, 언어·사고 및 신체표현 발달을 위한 훌륭한 소재로 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 발견할 수 있었다.
Behavioral Theories and the Neurophysiology of Reward (2005)

The functions of rewards are based primarily on their effects on behavior and are less directly governed by the physics and chemistry of input events as in sensory systems. Therefore, the investigation of neural mechanisms underlying reward functions requires behavioral theories that can conceptualize the different effects of rewards on behavior. The scientific investigation of behavioral processes by animal learning theory and economic utility theory has produced a theoretical framework that can help to elucidate the neural correlates for reward functions in learning, goal-directed approach behavior, and decision making under uncertainty. Individual neurons can be studied in the reward systems of the brain, including dopamine neurons, orbitofrontal cortex, and striatum. The neural activity can be related to basic theoretical terms of reward and uncertainty, such as contiguity, contingency, prediction error, magnitude, probability, expected value, and variance.
MAST CELLS IN THE SYNOVIUM AND SYNOVIAL FLUID IN OSTEOARTHRHIS (1993)

SF and synovium from normal individuals and patients with OA, RA and traumatic arthritis (TA) were studied for the presence of mast cells (MC). When compared with normals, patients with OA had large numbers of intact and degranulated MC in the synovium and SF of diseased joints. The numbers of MC are comparable with those in RA where they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of joint damage. These data raise the possibility that in OA too MC may participate in the pathological processes in articular and periarticular tissues.
SUT-1 enables tau-induced neurotoxicity in C . elegans (2007)

We previously reported a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model for tauopathies in which expression of human tau in neurons caused insoluble phosphorylated tau accumulation, neurodegeneration and uncoordinated movement (Unc). To identify genes participating in tau neurotoxicity, we conducted a forward genetic screen for mutations that ameliorate tau-induced uncoordination. The recessive mutation sut-1(bk79) partially suppresses the Unc phenotype, tau aggregation and neurodegenerative changes caused by tau. We identified the sut-1 gene and found it encodes a novel protein. We conducted a yeast two hybrid screen to identify SUT-1 binding partners and found UNC-34, the C. elegans homolog of the cytoskeletal regulatory protein Enabled (ENA). In vitro protein binding assays and genetic studies validated the interaction between SUT-1 and UNC-34. The SUT-1/UNC-34 protein-protein interaction plays a role in both the normal function of UNC-34 and in the tau-induced phenotype. Thus, we have found a conserved molecular pathway participating in tau neurotoxicity in C. elegans.
PostDOCK:  A Structural, Empirical Approach to Scoring Protein Ligand Complexes (2005)

In this work we introduce a postprocessing filter (PostDOCK) that distinguishes true binding ligand-protein complexes from docking artifacts (that are created by DOCK 4.0.1). PostDOCK is a pattern recognition system that relies on (1) a database of complexes, (2) biochemical descriptors of those complexes, and (3) machine learning tools. We use the protein databank (PDB) as the structural database of complexes and create diverse training and validation sets from it based on the "families of structurally similar proteins" (FSSP) hierarchy. For the biochemical descriptors, we consider terms from the DOCK score, empirical scoring, and buried solvent accessible surface area. For the machine-learners, we use a random forest classifier and logistic regression. Our results were obtained on a test set of 44 structurally diverse protein targets. Our highest performing descriptor combinations obtained approximately 19-fold enrichment (39 of 44 binding complexes were correctly identified, while only allowing 2 of 44 decoy complexes), and our best overall accuracy was 92%.
Synthesis of an Antibacterial Compound Containing a 1,4-Substituted 1<i>H</i>-1,2,3-Triazole: A Scaleable Alternative to the “Click” Reaction (2009)

The copper-catalyzed "click" reaction of an azide with an alkyne has become a popular method to build up 1,4-substituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles in medicinal chemistry and this approach was used on a laboratory scale during the preparation of novel macrolide 1. However, the manufacture of the key azide component, as well as its subsequent use in the presence of a copper catalyst on a large scale, was associated with potential safety concerns. Therefore, a sequence was developed in which construction of the 1,4-substituted 1H-1,2,3-triazole in 1 was accomplished via cyclocondensation of an α,α-dichloro tosyl hydrazone with an amine.
Derivatives of Chitin and Chitosan (1992)

Compared with the extensive research that has been carried out on both the production and the properties of cellulose nitrate,1 because of its commercial importance as an explosive and as a plastic, very little research has been carried out on the nitration of chitin and chitosan.