gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of a chlorhexidine and an essential oil mouthrinse: 6‐month clinical trial (2004)

This 6-month controlled clinical study demonstrated that the essential oil mouthrinse and the chlorhexidine mouthrinse had comparable antiplaque and antigingivitis activity. Insofar as side effects associated with the chlorhexidine mouthrinse may limit patient compliance, it is suggested that each product can have a distinct role in the management of patients with periodontal diseases.
Flow-Controlled Therapeutic Embolization: A Physiologic and Safe Technique (1980)

A feared complication of therapeutic embolization is loss of control of one or more particles with resultant ischemic infarction of normal tissues. To avoid passage of emboli into normal arteries, the delivery catheter may be wedged tightly into the artery or the artery completely occluded with a balloon catheter during embolus injection. These techniques, termed occlusion control, were a valuable forward step and significantly enhanced patient safety. However, occluding the vessel completely may cause spasm, and allows the operator to introduce fluid and emboli under higher than normal perfusion pressures which can open extra- to intracranial shunts and cause disastrous intracranial embolization. A further refinement is suggested. First, the emboli are suspended in contrast agent; then the particles are introduced while arterial runoff of the contrast agent is watched so the acceptance rate of the artery is not exceeded. Normal perfusion pressures and flow then carry the embolus distally into the abnormality being treated. This technique is safe, easily learned, and gives the radiologist direct vision control over the embolization process. It has been used in 39 patients with only one serious complication.
Green laser source based on frequency doubling of semiconductor laser in folded external cavity (2009)

Design and experimental testing results are presented for frequency doubled green laser source using diode laser pump in folded external cavity with bulk diffraction grating mirror used both for adaptive cavity alignment and wavelength selection.
DNA vaccines, electroporation and their applications in cancer treatment (2015)

Numerous animal studies and recent clinical studies have shown that electroporation-delivered DNA vaccines can elicit robust Ag-specific CTL responses and reduce disease severity. However, cancer antigens are generally poorly immunogenic, requiring special conditions for immune response induction. To date, many different approaches have been used to elicit Ag-specific CTL and anti-neoplastic responses to DNA vaccines against cancer. In vivo electroporation is one example, whereas others include DNA manipulation, xenogeneic antigen use, immune stimulatory molecule and immune response regulator application, DNA prime-boost immunization strategy use and different DNA delivery methods. These strategies likely increase the immunogenicity of cancer DNA vaccines, thereby contributing to cancer eradication. However, cancer cells are heterogeneous and might become CTL-resistant. Thus, understanding the CTL resistance mechanism(s) employed by cancer cells is critical to develop counter-measures for this immune escape. In this review, the use of electroporation as a DNA delivery method, the strategies used to enhance the immune responses, the cancer antigens that have been tested, and the escape mechanism(s) used by tumor cells are discussed, with a focus on the progress of clinical trials using cancer DNA vaccines.
Contributions to the use of 3D lidars for autonomous navigation: calibration and qualitative localization (2012)

Afin de permettre une navigation autonome d'un robot dans un environnement, le robot doit être capable de percevoir son environnement. Dans la littérature, d'une manière générale, les robots perçoivent leur environnement en utilisant des capteurs de type sonars, cameras et lidar 2D. L'introduction de nouveaux capteurs, nommés lidar 3D, tels que le Velodyne HDL-64E S2, a permis aux robots d'acquérir plus rapidement des données 3D à partir de leur environnement. La première partie de cette thèse présente une technique pour la calibrage des capteurs lidar 3D. La technique est basée sur la comparaison des données lidar à un modèle de vérité de terrain afin d'estimer les valeurs optimales des paramètres de calibrage. La deuxième partie de la thèse présente une technique pour la localisation et la détection de fermeture de boucles pour les robots autonomes. La technique est basée sur l'extraction et l'indexation des signatures de petite-taille à partir de données lidar 3D. Les signatures sont basées sur les histogrammes de l'information de normales de surfaces locale extraite à partir des données lidar en exploitant la disposition des faisceaux laser dans le dispositif lidar
Current Status of Urethane (Meth)Acrylate Oligomers and Polymers (1993)

Abstract Urethane (meth)acrylate (UA) oligomers have been extensively investigated in the past as (a) photo/radiation/laser curable coatings useful for protecting the surface of such materials as metals [1], wood [2], paper, plastics [3], optical fibers [4], concrete [5], and leather [6]; (b) photoresists for the fabrication of microelectronic devices and video discs [7]; (c) sealants [8] and adhesives [9]; (d) biomaterials useful in contact lenses [10] and surgical implants; (e) printing inks [11]; and (f) elastmeric and encapsulating coatings.
La educación como función de la iglesia o servicio del estado: del anticlericalismo de Giner de los Ríos a "la escuela como escudo de la República" (2003)

Rastrear los antecedentes pedagogicos de la Espana salida de la Guerra Civil os encontrarse con el desplome de la escuela neutral de los institucionistas y la lucha contra el determinismo biologico en la educacion, en favor de la mas ridicula y perniciosa pedagogia dolos ultimos anos de nuestra reciente historia. Al final, la escuela, que no habia podido salvar a la Republica, coadyuvara a la construccion de una teologia politica que, para su justificacion, otorga al colegio el papel de sementera de la futura Espana del Orden Nuevo. Ninguna actividad, desde entonces, ni siquiera en el dominio temporal, escapara al imperio de Dios y de su Iglesia. Son, pues, las claves que llevan a este desenlace las que vertebran el presente trabajo bajo la sospechado una herida aun no cicatrizada: la disyuntiva de la educacion como funcion de la Iglesia o servicio del Estado.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A New Investigational and Treatment Tool in Psychiatry (2002)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a new investigational technique used to explore various neural processes and treat a variety of neuropsychiatric illnesses. The most notable advantage of TMS is its ability to directly stimulate the cortex with little effect on intervening tissue. Single-pulse stimulation techniques can measure cortical inhibition, facilitation, connectivity, reactivity, and cortical plasticity, providing valuable insights into the cortical physiology. Repetitive TMS (rTMS) is currently being used to investigate cognitive processes and as a treatment tool in disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. Both TMS and rTMS are safe and well tolerated. The most serious side effect of high-frequency rTMS is seizures. TMS represents an exciting new frontier in neuroscience research, providing insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of various neuropsychiatric disorders.
Water-mediated conformer optimization in benzo-18-crown-6-ether/water system (2009)

The conformation of benzo-18-crown-6-ether (B18C6) and its encapsulation of water molecules in a supersonic beam are investigated by laser induced fluorescence (LIF), UV-UV hole-burning, IR-UV double resonance (IR-UV DR), and resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G* level. At least four B18C6 conformers and nine B18C6-(H2O)n (n = 1-4) clusters are identified in the supersonic beam. IR-UV DR spectra in the CH stretching region suggest that the four B18C6 conformers have different conformations from each other. In contrast, most of the nine B18C6-(H2O)n clusters have a very similar B18C6 conformation. IR-UV DR spectra in the OH stretching region provide quite clear pictures of the hydration networks formed on B18C6. In all four B18C6-(H2O)1 isomers, the water molecule is H-bonded to the two O atoms adjacent to the benzene ring in "bidentate" and "bifurcated" manners. One of the four B18C6-(H2O)1 isomers exhibits a large population, and further hydration networks are preferentially grown on this specific isomer.
A variable selection approach to monotonic regression with Bernstein polynomials (2011)

One of the standard problems in statistics consists of determining the relationship between a response variable and a single predictor variable through a regression function. Background scientific knowledge is often available that suggests that the regression function should have a certain shape (e.g. monotonically increasing or concave) but not necessarily a specific parametric form. Bernstein polynomials have been used to impose certain shape restrictions on regression functions. The Bernstein polynomials are known to provide a smooth estimate over equidistant knots. Bernstein polynomials are used in this paper due to their ease of implementation, continuous differentiability, and theoretical properties. In this work, we demonstrate a connection between the monotonic regression problem and the variable selection problem in the linear model. We develop a Bayesian procedure for fitting the monotonic regression model by adapting currently available variable selection procedures. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method through simulations and the analysis of real data.
Layered representations for vision and video (2002)

Human vision, machine vision, and image coding, each demand representations that are useful and efficient. The best-established techniques today are based on low-level processing. Future systems for image analysis and image coding will increasingly use image representations that involve such concepts as surfaces, lighting, transparency, etc. These representations fall in the domain of "mid-level" vision, and there is accumulating evidence of their importance in human vision. By representing images with these more sophisticated vocabularies we can increase the flexibility and efficiency of our vision and image coding systems. We are developing systems that decompose image sequences into overlapping layers, rather like the "cels" used by a traditional animator. These layers are ordered in depth, sliding over one another and being combined according to the rules of transparency and occlusion. Using the layered representation we can achieve greatly improved motion analysis and image segmentation. By applying layers to image coding we can achieve data compression far better than MPEG, and achieve frame-rate independence as a side benefit. Moreover, the image sequence is decomposed in a meaningful way, which allows flexible image editing and access.
Noise Tolerant Variants of the Perceptron Algorithm (2007)

A large number of variants of the Perceptron algorithm have been proposed and partially evaluated in recent work. One type of algorithm aims for noise tolerance by replacing the last hypothesis of the perceptron with another hypothesis or a vote among hypotheses. Another type simply adds a margin term to the perceptron in order to increase robustness and accuracy, as done in support vector machines. A third type borrows further from support vector machines and constrains the update function of the perceptron in ways that mimic soft-margin techniques. The performance of these algorithms, and the potential for combining different techniques, has not been studied in depth. This paper provides such an experimental study and reveals some interesting facts about the algorithms. In particular the perceptron with margin is an effective method for tolerating noise and stabilizing the algorithm. This is surprising since the margin in itself is not designed or used for noise tolerance, and there are no known guarantees for such performance. In most cases, similar performance is obtained by the voted-perceptron which has the advantage that it does not require parameter selection. Techniques using soft margin ideas are run-time intensive and do not give additional performance benefits. The results also highlight the difficulty with automatic parameter selection which is required with some of these variants.
Long-Range Balanced Electron- and Hole-Transport Lengths in Organic-Inorganic CH <sub>3</sub> NH <sub>3</sub> PbI <sub>3</sub> (2013)

Low-temperature solution-processed photovoltaics suffer from low efficiencies because of poor exciton or electron-hole diffusion lengths (typically about 10 nanometers). Recent reports of highly efficient CH3NH3PbI3-based solar cells in a broad range of configurations raise a compelling case for understanding the fundamental photophysical mechanisms in these materials. By applying femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy to bilayers that interface this perovskite with either selective-electron or selective-hole extraction materials, we have uncovered concrete evidence of balanced long-range electron-hole diffusion lengths of at least 100 nanometers in solution-processed CH3NH3PbI3. The high photoconversion efficiencies of these systems stem from the comparable optical absorption length and charge-carrier diffusion lengths, transcending the traditional constraints of solution-processed semiconductors.
Separation in time-dependent flow (1988)

The angular motion of separation points on a smooth cylinder immersed in a sinusoidally oscillating flow has been determined experimentally through the use of a U-shaped water tunnel, a special differential pressure probe, and a data acquisition system. The results have been compared with those obtained previously by Grass and Kemp for a single amplitude of oscillation through the use of flow visualization. The results have shown that the separation points undergo large angular excursions during a given cycle, the degree of excursion depending on the Reynolds number and the Keulegan-Carpenter number. The separation data obtained in this exploratory investigation will form the basis of future numerical analysis of oscillating flow about cylinders.
A label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on leaf-like vanadium disulfide-Au nanoparticles for the sensitive and selective detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB (2015)

In this work, an electrochemical aptasensor for the sensitive detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) is fabricated based on leaf-like VS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets which are prepared by a facile hydrothermal method.
A switchable fluorescent quantum dot probe based on aggregation/disaggregation mechanism (2010)

Here we report a facile switchable fluorescent QD probe for F(-) ions, which is based on the hydrogen bonding-driven aggregation and the analyte-triggered disaggregation.
On-line Monitoring of VoIP Quality Using IPFIX (2014)

The main goal of VoIP services is to provide a reliable and high-quality voice transmission over packet networks. In order to prove the quality of VoIP transmission, several approaches were designed. In our approach, we are concerned about on-line monitoring of RTP and RTCP traffic. Based on these data, we are able to compute main VoIP quality metrics including jitter, delay, packet loss, and finally R-factor and MOS values. This technique of VoIP quality measuring can be directly incorporated into IPFIX monitoring framework where an IPFIX probe analyses RTP/RTCP packets, computes VoIP quality metrics, and adds these metrics into extended IPFIX flow records. Then, these extended data are stored in a central IPFIX monitoring system called collector where can be used for monitoring purposes. This paper presents a functional implementation of IPFIX plugin for VoIP quality measurement and compares the results with results obtained by other tools.
Compact single-chip W-band FMCW radar modules for commercial high-resolution sensor applications (2002)

Two compact single-chip 94-GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar modules have been developed for high-resolution sensing under adverse conditions and environments. The first module contains a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) consisting of a mechanically and electrically tunable voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a buffer amplifier, 10-dB coupler, medium-power and a low-noise amplifier, balanced rat-race high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) diode mixer, and a driver amplifier to increase the local-oscillator signal level. The overall chip-size of the FMCW radar MMIC is 2/spl times/3.5 mm/sup 2/. For use with a single transmit-receive antenna, a 94-GHz microstrip hexaferrite circulator was implemented in the module. The radar sensor achieved a tuning range of 1 GHz, an output signal power of 1.5 mW, and a conversion loss of 2 dB. The second FMCW radar sensor uses an MMIC consisting of a varactor-tuned VCO with injection port, very compact transmit and receive amplifiers, and a single-ended resistive mixer. To enable single-antenna operation, the external circulator was replaced by a combination of a Wilkinson divider and a Lange coupler integrated on the MMIC. The circuit features coplanar technology and cascode HEMTs for compact size and low cost. These techniques result in a particularly small overall chip-size of only 2/spl times/3 mm/sup 2/. The packaged 94-GHz FMCW radar module achieved a tuning range of 6 GHz, an output signal power of 1.5 mW, and a conversion loss of 5 dB. The RF performance of the radar module was successfully verified by real-time monitoring the time flow of a gas-assisted injection molding process.
<title>Fast algorithm for detection of camera motion</title> (1998)

Most image analysis/understanding applications require accurate computation of camera motion parameters. However, in multimedia applications, particularly in video parsing, the exact camera motion parameters such as the panning and/or zooming rates are not needed. The detection--i.e., a binary decision--of camera motion is all that is required to avoid declaring a false scene change. As camera motions can induce false scene changes for video parsing algorithms, we propose a fast algorithm to detect such camera motions: camera zoom and pan. As the algorithm is only expected produce a binary decision, without the exact panning/zooming rates, the proposed algorithm runs on a reduced data set, namely the projection data. The algorithm begins with a central portion of the image and computes the projection data (or the line integrals along the x- or y-axis) to turn the 2D image data into a 1D data. This projected 1D data is further processed via correlation processing to detect camera zoom and pan. Working with projection data saves processing time by an order of magnitude, since for instance, a 2D correlation takes N<SUP>2</SUP> multiplies per point, however a 1D correlation takes N multiplies per point. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is tested for a number of image sequences and the algorithm is shown to be successful in detecting camera motions. The proposed algorithm is expected to be beneficial for video parsers working with Motion-JPEG data stream where motion vectors are not available.
Glyphosate and shade effects on glyphosate-resistant soybean defense response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (2003)

Application of glyphosate in combination with planting soybeans in narrow rows is an effective practice for management of weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Farmers in Michigan reported higher levels of Sclerotinia stem rot (caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in fields of glyphosate-resistant soybean. Studies were conducted to determine if glyphosate or shading reduced the defense response of glyphosate-resistant soybean to S. sclerotiorum. Glyphosate caused shikimate accumulation in glyphosate-susceptible cultivar GL2415 but not in glyphosate-resistant cultivar GL2600RR. Ethylacetate extracts containing the plant defense compound glyceollin inhibited S. sclerotiorum hyphae in a rate-dependent manner. Glyphosate had no effect on either baseline or induced levels of glyceollin in glyphosate-resistant soybean, indicating that glyphosate did not impair plant defense responses to S. sclerotiorum. Shade levels of 60 and 90% in the greenhouse did not inhibit the induction of glyceollin synthesis. Glyphosate herbicide and shading did not affect the glyphosate-resistant soybean defense response to S. sclerotiorum.
Thermodynamische Grundlagen der Reaktivdestillation (1998)

Abstract Thermodynamic Fundamentals of Reactive Distillation Reactive distillation means the simultaneous implementation of reaction and distillation in a counter‐current column. The effective phase equilibrium is very complex since the chemical equilibrium is superimposed on the vapor liquid equilibrium. The paper focuses on the calculation and presentation of this equilibrium using so called reactive distillation lines. This leads to a clear explanation for the existence of reactive azeotropes and to a simple method for the determination of the concentration of these azeotropes. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated on several mixtures with different reaction mechanisms.
Advanced state of charge measurement technique for silver-zinc batteries (2002)

AlliedSignal has developed innovative battery analysis and charging technologies for lead acid, nickel cadmium, and silver-zinc battery families, under the Navy's new technology development initiative. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment has been used to develop and implement technologies to meet the growing analysis and maintenance needs of secondary batteries. One highlight of the capabilities developed under this program, is a technique for electrochemically measuring the state of charge (SOC) of silver-zinc (Ag-Zn) batteries. This paper presents the developed technique and outlines a three-stage test procedure for determining SOC. The technique takes a minimal amount of time and provides results of high accuracy. This development meets a longstanding need for the immediate verification of Ag-Zn battery readiness.
Partitioning of nutrient net fluxes across the portal-drained viscera in sheep fed twice daily: effect of dietary protein degradability (2009)

Extrusion is used to decrease leguminous seed protein degradability in the rumen in order to shift part of the dietary protein digestion towards the small intestine. The effect of such displacement of digestion site on the partitioning of nutrient net fluxes across the gastrointestinal tract was studied using four sheep fitted with catheters and blood-flow probes, allowing measurements across the rumen, the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV) and the portal-drained viscera (PDV). Two diets containing 34 % of pea seeds were tested in a crossover design. They differed only according to pea treatment: raw pea (RP) or extruded pea (EP) diet. Rumen undegradable protein (RUP) accounted for 23 and 40 % of dietary crude protein for RP and EP diets, respectively. Across the rumen wall, ammonia net flux was lower with EP diet, whereas urea net flux was not different. Across the MDV, free amino acid (FAA) net flux was greater with EP diet, whereas peptide amino acid net flux was not different, accounting for 7 % of the non-protein amino acid net release. From RP to EP diet, PDV net flux of ammonia decreased by 23 %, whereas FAA net release increased by 21 %. The difference in dietary RUP did not affect the PDV net flux of SCFA, 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate and glucose. In conclusion, the partial shift in pea protein digestion from the rumen to the small intestine did not affect the portal net balance of N, but decreased N loss from the rumen, and increased amino acid intestinal absorption and portal delivery.