gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homogeneous linewidth of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>F</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>transition of trivalent europium in a fluorophosphate glass (1996)

We measured the homogeneous linewidth of the $^{5}D_{0}\ensuremath{-}^{7}F_{0}$ transition of trivalent europium in a fluorophosphate glass using resonant fluorescence line narrowing between 20 and 295 K. The linewidth at 295 K is a factor of 10 smaller than typical for ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ in glass. The temperature dependence changes from ${T}^{2}$ at high temperatures to ${T}^{1.4}$ below 200 K. There are reports of linear variation of homogeneous widths with temperature for ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ in glass, but all occur at much lower temperatures. The unusual behavior of ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ in fluorophosphate glass may be related to the photoionization process used to produce ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ from the ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$ ions found after melting glass with Eu${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$.
Precipitate design for creep strengthening of 9% Cr tempered martensitic steel for ultra-supercritical power plants (2008)

It is crucial for the carbon concentration of 9% Cr steel to be reduced to a very low level, so as to promote the formation of MX nitrides rich in vanadium as very fine and thermally stable particles to enable prolonged periods of exposure at elevated temperatures and also to eliminate Cr-rich carbides M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>. Sub-boundary hardening, which is inversely proportional to the width of laths and blocks, is shown to be the most important strengthening mechanism for creep and is enhanced by the fine dispersion of precipitates along boundaries. The suppression of particle coarsening during creep and the maintenance of a homogeneous distribution of M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides near prior austenite grain boundaries, which precipitate during tempering and are less fine, are effective for preventing the long-term degradation of creep strength and for improving long-term creep strength. This can be achieved by the addition of boron. The steels considered in this paper exhibit higher creep strength at 650 °C than existing high-strength steels used for thick section boiler components.
Shielding requirements of a 3T MRI examination room to limit radiated emission (2013)

Taking the emission requirements from IEC 60601-1-2 as starting point, a detailed analysis of the shielding requirements of an examination room for a 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner has been made. A 3D Finite Element model of scanner and shielding room has been built and the influence of slits on the shielding performance has been investigated. Comparison between simulations of shielding effectiveness according to the IEEE Std 299 near-field method and simulations of shielding effectiveness according to the IEC 60601-1-2 far-field method shows excellent agreement. In addition we have simulated near-field measurements with magnetic loop antennas.
Tangier disease. The complete mRNA sequence encoding for preproapo-A-I. (1985)

A cDNA library of Tangier liver mRNA has been established, and two apo-A-I-containing clones were identified. The complete derived amino acid sequence of preproapo-A-I has been established by nucleic acid sequence analysis of cloned apo-A-I cDNA and specific primer extensions on Tangier liver RNA. Sequence analysis of the longest cDNA clone, pMDB136T, established the derived amino acid sequence of residues 116-243 of plasma apo-A-I. The remaining portion of the sequence of Tangier preproapo-A-I mRNA was established by sequence analysis of specific primer extensions of synthetic oligonucleotides on Tangier liver mRNA. This latter technique provided the derived amino acid sequence of residues -24 to 116, thus completing the entire preproapo-A-I structure. The structure of Tangier preproapo-A-I was identical to normal preproapo-A-I except for a single base substitution (G----T) which resulted in the isosteric replacement of a glutamic acid residue at position 120 to aspartic acid. These results are interpreted as indicating that there is no major structural defect in Tangier apo-A-I, and the rapid rate of catabolism of apo-A-I in Tangier disease is due to a post-translational defect in apo-A-I metabolism.
Role of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in gadolinium chelate stability (2009)

In recent years there has been a renewed interest in the physicochemical properties of gadolinium chelates (GC). The aim of this review is to discuss the physicochemical properties of marketed GC with regard to possible biological consequences. GC can be classified according to three key molecular features: 1) the nature of the chelating moiety: either macrocyclic molecules in which Gd(3+) is caged in the preorganized cavity of the ligand, or linear, open-chain molecules; 2) ionicity: the ionicity of the molecule varies from neutral to tri-anionic agents; and 3) the presence or absence of an aromatic lipophilic moiety, which has a profound impact on the biodistribution of the GC. These parameters can also explain why GC differ considerably with regard to their thermodynamic stability constants and kinetic stability, as demonstrated by numerous studies. The concept of thermodynamic and kinetic stability is critically discussed, as it remains somewhat controversial, especially in predicting the amount of free gadolinium that may result from decomplexation of chelates in physiologic or pathologic situations. This review examines the possibility that the high kinetic stability provided by the macrocyclic structure combined with a high thermodynamic stability (reinforced by ionicity for macrocyclic chelates) can minimize the amount of free Gd(3+) released in the body. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1249-1258. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Sketch-Based Image Retrieval: Benchmark and Bag-of-Features Descriptors (2010)

We introduce a benchmark for evaluating the performance of large-scale sketch-based image retrieval systems. The necessary data are acquired in a controlled user study where subjects rate how well given sketch/image pairs match. We suggest how to use the data for evaluating the performance of sketch-based image retrieval systems. The benchmark data as well as the large image database are made publicly available for further studies of this type. Furthermore, we develop new descriptors based on the bag-of-features approach and use the benchmark to demonstrate that they significantly outperform other descriptors in the literature.
Characterization of a phospholipid bilayer entrapped into non-porous silica nanospheres (2004)

Using liposomes as templates is one of the paths leading to the synthesis of silica spherical particles. In these particles, the silica wall is assembled onto the external surface of the liposome. Generally, the walls of the resulting silica spheres are porous and in the specific case of liposome templating, the exact state of the trapped lipids is undocumented. In this work we describe the characterization of a new non-porous silica material obtained by templating liposomes. We show that the liposomes trapped in the nanospheres retain most of the structural and dynamic properties of the free liposomes. Also, as a consequence of the non-porous nature of the silica cladding the inner aqueous pool is permanently retained. To the best of our knowledge, silica nanospheres with such promising properties have so far not been obtained. These properties make these hybrid silica nano-spheres, referred to as liposils, potentialy good candidates for the storage and delivery of drugs.
Improvement of Response Times in Photoelectrochromic Organic Film (2004)

The influence of electron-donating ability of tertiary amines on the bleaching process of methylene blue and the coloration time dependence on different ITO roughness on glass substrates have been investigated to improve the electrooptical properties of a new photoelectrochromic organic film.
A 100-mA, 99.11% Current Efficiency, 2-mV<sub>pp</sub> Ripple Digitally Controlled LDO With Active Ripple Suppression (2016)

Digital low-dropout (DLDO) regulators are gaining attention due to their design scalability for distributed multiple voltage domain applications required in state-of-the-art system-on-chips. Due to the discrete nature of the output current and the discrete-time control loop, the steady-state response of the DLDO has inherent output voltage ripple. A hybrid DLDO (HD-LDO) with fast response and stable operation across a wide load range while reducing the output voltage ripple is proposed. In the HD-LDO, a DLDO and a low current analog ripple cancellation amplifier (RCA) work in parallel. The output dc of the RCA is sensed by a 2-bit analog-to-digital converter, and the digitized linear stage current is fed into the DLDO as an error signal. During load transients, a gear-shift controller enables fast transient response using dynamic load estimation. The DLDO suppresses the output dc of the RCA within its current resolution. With this arrangement, a majority of the dc load current is provided by the DLDO and the RCA supplies ripple cancellation current. The HD-LDO is designed and fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS technology, and occupies 0.697 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of the die area. The HD-LDO operates with an input voltage range of 1.43-2.0 V and an output voltage range of 1.0-1.57 V. At 100-mA load current, the HD-LDO achieves a current peak efficiency of 99.11% and a settling time of 15 clock periods with a 0.5-MHz clock for a current switching between 10 and 90 mA. The RCA suppresses fundamental, second, and third harmonics of the switching frequency by 13.7, 13.3, and 14.1 dB, respectively.
Molecular characterization of a human anti‐Rh(D) antibody with a D<sub>H</sub> segment encoded by a germ‐line sequence (1992)

The lambda-light-chain and lambda-heavy-chain variable-region genes of an anti-Rh(D) (Rh, Rhesus; D, heavy-chain diversity region) human monoclonal antibody secreted by lymphocytes transformed by the Epstein-Barr virus have been cloned and sequenced. Sequence comparison of the anti-Rh(D)mAb lambda-chain variable region with those of the other available human lambda chains revealed that it belonged to the human V lambda I (V lambda, variable region of lambda chain) subgroup. The greatest sequence similarity (80%) was observed with that of another anti-Rh antibody lambda-chain directed against the Rh(c) antigen. For the VH (VH, variable region of heavy chain) sequence, the highest similarity (86%) was observed with the germline VHG3 gene which belongs to the VHI subgroup. The expressed DH sequence of the anti-Rh(D) antibody is also of germline origin and complementarity-determining region 3 is thus produced by VH-DH and DH-JH (J, joining region) joining without recombination of multiple DH gene segments.
Generalized B-spline surfaces of arbitrary topological type (1992)

B-spline surfaces, although widely used, are incapable of describing surfaces of arbitrary topology. It is not possible to model a general closed surface or a surface with handles as a single non-degenerate B-spline. In practice such surfaces are often needed. In this thesis, a generalization of bicubic tensor product and quartic triangular B-spline surfaces is presented that is capable of capturing surfaces of arbitrary topology. These results are obtained by relaxing the sufficient but not necessary smoothness constraints imposed by B-splines and through the use of an n-sided generalization of Bezier surfaces called S-patches.
Solution to the Weight Extraction Problem in Fast QR-Decomposition RLS Algorithms (2006)

Fast QR decomposition RLS (FQRD-RLS) algorithms are well known for their good numerical properties and low computational complexity. However the FQRD-RLS algorithms do not provide access to the filter weights, and so far their use has been limited to problems seeking an estimate of the output error signal. In this paper we present a novel technique to obtain the filter weights of the FQRD-RLS algorithm at any time instant. As a consequence, we extend the range of applications to include problems where explicit knowledge of the filter weights is required. The proposed weight extraction technique is tested in a system identification setup. The results verify our claim that the extracted coefficients of the FQRD-RLS algorithm are identical to those obtained by any RLS algorithm such as the inverse QRD-RLS algorithm
The Application of ANN Artificial Neural Network to Pipeline TOLC Metal Loss Database (2016)

Abstract The major corrosion problem of pipelines in the Gulf of Thailand is TOLC (Top of Line Corrosion). To accurately predict TOLC is very challenging and a current TOLC simulation program cannot generate accurate prediction. ANN (Artificial Neural Network), which was reported to successfully predict TOLC, has been being applied to intra-field pipelines in the Gulf of Thailand of the company with the objective to determine specific TOLC modelling to get more accurate metal loss prediction. ANN process basically consists of data preparation, network design (architecture), weighted modification (iteration of learning and validation) and result analysis. Parameters for corrosion rate calculation are used as the input of the architecture. RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) calculation is used to measure the accuracy of the model, compared to the real metal loss. The prediction model is finally verified by predicting other pipelines whose data have not been used in the process. With the application of ANN on 3 pipelines in the first phase, ANN could generate a model that accurately predict TOLC for all of them. Results indicated that RMSEs resulted from ANN were better than those from the simulation program from 2.8 to 6.5 times. The model could also predict quite accurately (visually) the other 2 pipelines which have not been used in the process. Subsequent phase of the project (phase 2) has let ANN learn and develop TOLC prediction model based on 19 data samples of 12 pipelines. With more data, ANN now can generate more accurate TOLC prediction model for company. Also, extended input parameter envelopes expand the limitation of ANN prediction. These would finally allow ANN to accurately predict metal loss for both existing and new pipelines within the same asset. Finally, the ultimate goal is to reduce pipeline cost. With accurate TOLC prediction and with more confidence in TOLC characteristics, cost of materials can be lessened by the reduction of corrosion allowance of the pipelines.
International validation of the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest score in the United States* (2011)

This study found good calibration and high discrimination of the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest score in two geographically distinct patient populations in the United States. Particularly, this score had a high positive predictive value and performed well in identifying high-risk patients for poor outcomes.
Fire‐Fighting Foam Technology (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction History Applications Physical Properties Chemical Properties Testing The Future Acknowledgements References
[Comparison of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate (Arteparon) and physiological saline solution in arthrosis of the large joints. Results of a multicenter double-blind study]. (1984)

In a double-blind study, glycosaminoglycan polysulfate (GAGPS, Arteparon) was compared to saline solution: both preparations were applied intramuscularly in two groups of 70 patients, each over a period of 8 weeks. The patients were suffering from pain and impaired function of the knee and hip joints. To assess the therapeutic efficacy, the following parameters were employed: pain, joint mobility, and walking distance. The post trial observation period lasted for 6 months. In the GAGPS group, a statistically significant improvement compared to the results in the saline group was noted during the 2nd and 6th months of observation respectively. The global assessment by investigator and patient at the end of the observation period was superior in the GAGPS group to that in the saline group. While the difference regarding the onset of pain remission between the GAGPS and the saline groups was insignificant, the rate of complete relief from pain was better in the GAGPS group, and pain worsened in fewer incidences in this group, too. Laboratory findings did not reveal any detrimental effect of either treatment with respect to hematology, blood chemistry, or urinalysis. 3 patients of the GAGPS group developed harmless hematomas of short duration at the site of injection.
Transfer of shuttle vectors containing Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene into wild-type B. cereus, B. brevis and B. subtilis by electroporation. (1994)

Gram positive and negative bacterial shuttle vectors carrying Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) toxin gene were introduced by electroporation into wild-type Bacillus cereus, B. brevis and B. subtilis. The transformation efficiencies for these bacteria were around 10(1)-10(4) transformants per micrograms DNA based on the numbers of neomycin- and ampicillin-resistant colonies produced. The structure of the transferred plasmids proved identical with the original ones both in size and restriction pattern. Toxicity assays showed that the transformants gave a mortality of 90-100% against caterpillar of Heliothis assulta, indicating that the gene function was not changed by electroporation.
Eicosanoids in the central nervous system (1985)

All mammalian tissue investigated to date is capable of eicosanoid biosynthesis in response to various activating stimuli. While the importance of these metabolites as major mediators of many normal physiological processes and some pathophysiological conditions has not been proven, it is evident that these compounds are at least important modulators of many cellular and organ system functions. This review is intended to provide the reader with a brief overview of eicosanoid biology, with specific reference to the neurosciences. The increasing knowledge about the role of the eicosanoids in neurobiology may contribute to the understanding and treatment of many neurological diseases. The eicosanoids comprise several groups of biologically active unsaturated fatty acids: the "primary" prostaglandins, the cyclic endoperoxides, the prostanoids, the leukotrienes, and other acid lipids. This article includes a review of the enzymatic pathways of biosynthesis and metabolism of eicosanoids in man, and the pertinent structural nomenclature. The general basic and clinical pharmacological effects of the more important compounds on vascular perfusion, platelet function, intracellular enzyme activity, and interactions with other mediators of cellular activity are reviewed. A more detailed review of the actions of eicosanoids as mediators or modifiers of central nervous system physiology and pathophysiology is presented. Recent animal and human studies on the use and alterations of the eicosanoid metabolites is summarized, specifically where they relate to several clinical problem areas of interest to the neurosurgeon and neurobiologist. These areas include cerebrovascular circulation physiology, cerebral ischemia, cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage, migraine headaches, hypothalamic function, neurotransmission, and nociception. A bibliography of 92 articles for further review is also included.
Atlas of endocrine surgical techniques (2010)

of Endocrine Surgical Techniques, a title in the new Surgical Techniques Atlas series edited by Drs. Townsend and Evers, presents state-of-the-art updates on the full range of endocrine surgical techniques performed today. Drs. Duh, Clark, and Kebebew, along with esteemed international contributors, offer you expert advice on a variety of endocrine surgical techniques, including laparoscopic and endoscopic procedures to help you expand your repertoire and hone your clinical skills. Full-color illustrations and photographs enhance visual guidance and Expert Consult functionality gives you easy access to the full text online.
PC Server:IBM开放的象征 (1995)

IBM PC Server 代表了 IBM 的 PC-网络产品在革新道路上期待已久的转变。长期以来,IBM 一直毫不动摇地采用 IBM 部件和其 Micro Channel 专利总线技术设计、制造服务器,此产品的问世无疑开创了若干先河。由IBM Personal Computer 公司生产的PC Server 是 IBM 第一种基于工业标准EISA 总线的服务器,同时也是 IBM 第一种使用由外界厂商设计和制造的母板的服务器。
INTEGRATION OF ORBITAL AND GROUND IMAGE NETWORKS FOR THE AUTOMATION OF ROVER LOCALIZATION (2009)

Rover localization is essential to the exploration of space. The availability of sub-meter resolution satellite imagery, especially HiRISE imagery, has opened the possibility of computing rover locations at higher accuracy by making use of detailed features seen in the satellite orbital images. This paper describes a new development towards automation of the rover localization process using orbital and ground images. Using a rigorous sensor model and bundle adjustment (BA) of HiRISE stereo imagery, high-resolution orthophotos and DEMs can be generated as soon as the orbital stereo images are acquired. A ground image network is also constructed using intra- and inter-stereo matching. From both types of imagery, a few landmarks are identified to be used as ground control points for the integration of the orbital and ground image networks. Rocks detected from both orbital and ground imagery serve as tie points for rover localization. From orbital images, rocks are extracted based on brightness values and the shape of dark spots. Rocks in ground images are extracted through dense stereo matching, rock peak and surface point extraction, and rock modeling. To narrow down a precise rover position, terrain match is performed using DEMs generated from orbital and ground imagery. Finally, distribution pattern matching is implemented for rocks detected from orbital and ground imagery. The rover position is adjusted based on 2D affine transformation obtained from rock pattern matching. The proposed method has been tested for the Spirit rover traverse. Experimental results show that the orbital/ground rock matching approach has performed successfully for MER rover localization.
Analysis of experimental results on functional testing and diagnosis of complex circuits (2003)

A number of functional-level test approaches for microprocessors have been proposed. The GAPT approach, presented here, is a pragmatic one, but it is supported by a set of tools and experimental results. The authors describe the GAPT approach in detail. They draw tentative conclusions with respect to the effectiveness and scope of these functional test generation methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>