gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of interfacial and electronic properties of annealed Pd/SiC and Pd/SiO2/SiC Schottky diode sensors (1997)

Schottky diodes composed of palladium deposited on silicon carbide (Pd/SiC) detect hydrogen and hydrocarbon gases at elevated temperatures with high sensitivity. Previous examination of the properties of the Pd/SiC structure indicated that its forward current responded to the presence of hydrogen even after extended annealing at 425 °C. However, drift in the sensor properties suggested that stabilization of the diode structure was necessary. In this work, we examine the effects of placing a thin layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) between the Pd and the SiC. Both Pd/SiC and Pd/SiO2/SiC diodes are annealed at 425 °C for 140 h and the electronic and interfacial properties of the annealed diodes are compared. The electronic properties and sensitivity to hydrogen of both diodes change significantly due to the annealing. Scanning electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy indicate that the surface and interfacial properties of the diodes are very different. The Pd/SiC diode has a broad interface region with palladium silicides (PdxSi) distributed throughout the Pd. In contrast, the Pd/SiO2/SiC diode has a sharp interface with significantly less PdxSi formation. A silicon oxide (SiOx) layer has formed in the near surface region of the Pd which likely accounts for the relative insensitivity of the Pd/SiO2/SiC diode to hydrogen. The experimental data suggest that the mechanism for this SiOx formation is likely two-dimensional diffusion between the Pd and the surrounding SiC surface. While the thin SiO2 layer results in a sharp interface between the Pd and SiC, further stabilization of the diode structure is necessary for long term, high temperature sensor operation.
Endothelial CD99 signals through soluble adenylyl cyclase and PKA to regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration (2015)

CD99 is a critical regulator of leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM). How CD99 signals during this process remains unknown. We show that during TEM, endothelial cell (EC) CD99 activates protein kinase A (PKA) via a signaling complex formed with the lysine-rich juxtamembrane cytoplasmic tail of CD99, the A-kinase anchoring protein ezrin, and soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC). PKA then stimulates membrane trafficking from the lateral border recycling compartment to sites of TEM, facilitating the passage of leukocytes across the endothelium. Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of EC sAC or PKA, like CD99 blockade, arrests neutrophils and monocytes partway through EC junctions, in vitro and in vivo, without affecting leukocyte adhesion or the expression of relevant cellular adhesion molecules. This is the first description of the CD99 signaling pathway in TEM as well as the first demonstration of a role for sAC in leukocyte TEM.
Cleavage of Doublecortin-like Kinase by Calpain Releases an Active Kinase Fragment from a Microtubule Anchorage Domain (2001)

Doublecortin-like kinase (DCLK) is widely expressed in postmitotic neurons throughout the embryonic nervous system. DCLK consists of an N-terminal doublecortin domain, responsible for its localization to microtubules, and a C-terminal serine-threonine kinase domain. Here we report that DCLK is a physiological substrate for the cysteine protease calpain. Cleavage of DCLK by calpain severs the kinase domain from its microtubule anchorage domain and releases it into the cytoplasm. The isolated kinase domain retains catalytic activity and is structurally similar to CPG16, a second product of the DCLK gene expressed in the adult brain that lacks the doublecortin domain. We propose that in neurons cleavage of DCLK by calpain represents a calcium responsive mechanism to regulate localization of the DCLK kinase domain.
Custom-Blending Foamed Cement for Multiple Challenges (1999)

Abstract In some Middle Eastern wells, the serious problem of shallow casing leaks results from an insufficient cement seal across a corrosive water formation containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Factors contributing to this poor seal include multiple weak adjacent zones and thin lenticular washouts, which complicate conventional cementing practices by preventing slurries from sealing off water-bearing formations and protecting the well casings. Historically, multistage cementing has only marginally improved zonal isolation in this region. High-quality foamed slurries [slurries with high volumetric concentrations of nitrogen (N2)] can enable coverage of the weak zone, but these slurries are too permeable to provide long-term casing protection. A joint study conducted to address casing-leak problems in a Middle Eastern field has yielded custom cement blends that mitigate the combined detrimental effects of (1) water containing H2S, (2) mud or whole-cement losses to lost-circulation zones (zones with very low fracture gradients), and (3) muddisplacement deficiencies primarily caused by multiple washed out sections. Successful slurries that appear (based on laboratory results) to combat these problems are foamed with nitrogen and feature a combination of Portland and pozzolan cements plus hollow pozzolan spheres. This paper discusses large-scale tests and the blends designed for these tests. Researchers conducted these tests in an attempt to prove the effectiveness of certain cement blends and to help optimize those blends. The tests show that foamed, lightweight (8 to 10 lbm/gal) slurries containing hollow pozzolan spheres with pozzolan cement can enhance the sealing of harsh-water zones. This enhancement is achieved by the combined effects of two events: (1) improving displacement of drilling mud and cuttings by optimizing foam quality, and (2) cementing past lost-circulation zones. Details of blends, test setups, and test results are discussed.
Comparison of light transmittance in different thicknesses of zirconia under various light curing units (2012)

Greater thickness of zirconia results in lower light transmittance. Light-emitting diodes light-curing units might be considered as effective as Plasma arc light-curing units or more effective than Quartz-tungsten-halogen light-curing units for polymerization of the resin-based materials.
Machine vision automates inspection of thick-film hybrids (1986)

The function of a machine vision system for inspection is discussed, and its image acquisition and image processing aspects are examined in detail. It is concluded that the image-acquisition system must be optimized for the specific optical characteristics of the circuit substrate in order to obtain a high-contrast image. The image processing section must be able to correctly segment the image into the specific layers. The defect analysis must be able to identify flaws one-tenth the size of the smallest feature of the circuit, while not flagging acceptable anomalies as defects.
Reduction in cellular and vascular rejection by blocking leukocyte adhesion molecule receptors. (1993)

Whether antibody blockage of leukocyte receptors for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 would prevent cardiac graft rejection was studied in a rabbit heterotopic transplant model. Monoclonal antibody 60.3, anti-CD18 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 receptor, Group 1, n = 10) and monoclonal antibody HP1/2, anti-VLA-alpha 4 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 receptor, Group 2, n = 10) were administered to transplanted unimmunosuppressed animals. At 7 days, donor heart histology was compared to transplanted untreated controls (Group 3, n = 11). Peripheral white blood cell counts on postoperative day 2 were significantly higher in both treatment groups than controls. Significant increases in circulating neutrophils occurred in Group 1 (P < or = 0.05); lymphocytes predominated in Group 2 (P < or = 0.05). A significant reduction in cellular rejection was seen in Group 1 (P < or = 0.05) but not Group 2 hearts. Group 1 hearts demonstrated localization of lymphocytes to perivenular collections, whereas Group 2 hearts evidenced diffuse interstitial infiltration. Both treatment groups demonstrated a reduction in transplant arteritis compared to controls. Results suggest that monoclonal antibody 60.3 (anti-CD18) may hold promise as a therapeutic agent for both cellular and vascular rejection. Monoclonal antibody HP1/2 (anti-VLA-alpha 4) may reduce vascular rejection disproportionate to cellular rejection.
Group key management scheme for simultaneous multiple groups with overlapped membership (2011)

Consider several groups engaged in a single project. Group members of one group happens to communicate with other group members. How might the communication among the members be carried out securely? How to ensure that a group member of one group communicate securely with its own group and with other group members as well?. We predict that secure group key management schemes for simultaneous multiple groups which allow inter-group communication become increasingly popular. We detail this problem under secure group communication model. Following the work of, we provide an efficient secure multiple groups key management scheme with overlapping membership based on the proposed Key-User Tree structure with following properties. a) Scheme handles multiple groups simultaneously. b) Group members within a group can communicate securely. c) Group members of one group can communicate with other group members securely. We analyze join and leave protocols of the scheme for storage, encryption and key changes upon membership change. Our scheme scales well as the overlapping memberships across the multiple groups increases rapidly. Our scheme achieves significant reduction in rekeying cost, storage and scales well in comparison with.
Synthetic hosts via molecular imprinting—are universal synthetic antibodies realistically possible? (2003)

Of the many ways to make synthetic hosts, one of the most appealing involves molecular imprinting. In the commonest approach monomer units assemble around or are attached to a template (imprint) molecule and then linked together using a cross-linking agent. Template removal ideally leaves cavities within the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that possess a shape and functional group complementarity to the imprint molecule allowing its tight and selective uptake. This review highlights some recent advances in the synthesis of MIPs (often called "synthetic antibodies") and enumerates a "wish list" of properties for the perfect MIP that may guide future studies.
Induction of insulin resistance by cholinergic blockade with atropine in the cat (1995)

1. Insulin sensitivity was quantified using a modified euglycaemic technique after hepatic cholinergic blockade with atropine and compared with that after surgical denervation. 2. Intraportal administration of atropine produced dose-dependent inhibition of insulin sensitivity in glucose metabolism. ED50 of atropine was 0.99 mg kg-1 (1 mg = 1.5 microM) with maximum inhibition of 40.3 +/- 11.6%. 3. Atropine (3 mg kg-1) reduced insulin sensitivity by a similar amount (33.6 +/- 3.4%) to that produced by hepatic surgical denervation (37.8 +/- 9.8%). Doses greater than 3 mg kg-1 failed to further alter the insulin resistance produced by surgical denervation or atropine (3 mg kg-1) administration, suggesting that activation of hepatic parasympathetic nerves is necessary to fully express the insulin effect. 4. Atropine reduced insulin sensitivity without changes in plasma concentrations of glucagon or insulin. The temporal response to insulin in this euglycaemic study was not changed after atropine administration or after surgical hepatic denervation. 5. It is suggested that hepatic parasympathetic nerves show a synergistic effect with insulin. Disease states that result in hepatic parasympathetic neuropathy would be expected to produce an insulin resistant liver. 6. The modified euglycaemic clamp method for assessing insulin responses was shown to be reproducible up to four times in the same animal and was sufficiently sensitive and quantitative to be able to generate a dose-response curve in each animal for atropine-induced insulin resistance.
RSFQ: What we know and what we don't (2002)

Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) Josephson-junction technology is capable of processing digital data at sub-terahertz frequencies while dissipating almost negligible power. At the present time one can routinely simulate, optimize, design, manufacture, and test an elementary RSFQ logic/memory cell consisting of dozens of Josephson junctions. Furthermore, a number of relatively complex (few hundred to few thousand Josephson junctions) digital circuits were designed and successfully tested. Moreover we know how to implement several RSFQ systems (including analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, digital SQUIDs for supersensitive magnetometry, and digital autocorrelator for radioastronomy) which would far outperform their currently available and even prospective semiconductor counterparts. In order to implement more complex RSFQ systems, including high-performance digital signal processors and general purpose computers there are a number of technical problems to solve. The issues include making full use of on-chip sub-terahertz processing in conditions when inter-chip data/clock exchange speed is bound by bandwidth of the order of a few Gbps/pin. I present the current know-how of the field, and formulate the questions that need to be solved before the RSFQ technology becomes a major workhorse of high-performance computation.
<i>Candida</i> Infections of the Genitourinary Tract (2010)

SUMMARY All humans are colonized with Candida species, mostly Candida albicans , yet some develop diseases due to Candida , among which genitourinary manifestations are extremely common. The forms of genitourinary candidiasis are distinct from each other and affect different populations. While vulvovaginal candidiasis affects mostly healthy women, candiduria occurs typically in elderly, hospitalized, or immunocompromised patients and in neonates. Despite its high incidence and clinical relevance, genitourinary candidiasis is understudied, and therefore, important questions about pathogenesis and treatment guidelines remain to be resolved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about genitourinary candidiasis.
An agent-based cross-organizational workflow architecture in support of Web services (2003)

The latest trend in system interoperability is the emerging concept of Web services. Web services promote the use of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) to represent services (Web Service Description Language (WSDL)) and their locations and interactions (Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)). Using the Web services paradigm with the Internet as a medium has the potential of universal system interoperability and functional reuse. Workflow automation through agent-based reflective processes or WARP is the initial work that has the same goals in mind. WARP uses reflection and tuple-space communication to coordinate a workflow of component-based services. The goal is toward the automatic configuration and management of low-level services (component-based). This work has the most potential with respect to business-to-business interaction (B2B). In this paper, we discuss our findings in the development of WARP and briefly discuss how these findings have relevance to future use of Web services for business interactions.
Fringe broadening in Fabry-Perot interferometers (1984)

Simple expressions are given for the halfwidth and finesse of a Fabry-Perot interferometer fringe broadened by defects. The expressions are unrestricted as to defect magnitude and have good accuracy for most practical forms of defect. The results are applicable to mirror surface defects, parallelism errors, angular dispersion of illumination, finite spectral linewidth, and fluctuations in interferometer spacing as well as most combinations of two or more types of broadening defect. An experimental investigation of broadening due to parallelism errors confirms the theory.
<title>Perceptual quality evaluation of geometrically distorted images using relevant geometric transformation modeling</title> (2003)

One of the most active research area in the watermarking community is the research in dealing with geometric distortion. The geometric distortion problem has two aspects, namely its effect on watermark detectability and its effect on the perceptual quality of the watermarked data. Most research in this area has been concentrated on addressing the first aspect of the problem, and research on objective visual quality assessment of geometrically distorted images is not widely discussed in the literature. As a consequence, there is a lack of objective visual quality measurement for this class of distortion. In this paper we propose a method of objectively assessing the perceptual quality of geometrically distorted images. Our approach is based on the modeling of a complex, global geometric distortion using local, simpler geometric transformation models. The locality of this simpler geometric transformation determines the visual quality of the distorted images.
An anesthetized model of lethal canine galactosamine fulminant hepatic failure (1995)

A reproducible large animal model of fulminant hepatic failure was developed in the anesthetized dog by the administration of the amino sugar D-galactosamine. Galactosamine in 5% dextrose in water (D5W), was given as an intravenous bolus to 10 young male dogs weighing 27 to 30 kg. Three dogs that received an equal volume of D5W alone served as controls. Galactosamine at 0.5 g/kg (n = 5) produced significant biochemical evidence of liver injury with 100% survival at 48 hours. Galactosamine 1.0 g/kg (n = 5) yielded in 100% 48-hour mortality resulting from fulminant liver failure characterized by a progressive increase in liver enzymes, total bilirubin, ammonia, and lactate and associated coagulopathy, hypoglycemia, coma, and increased intracranial pressure. Necropsy showed liver pallor, ascites, and brain swelling. Liver histology showed significant hepatocellular necrosis. This clinically relevant large animal model will enable the quantitative evaluation of new technologies, such as the bioartificial liver, for the support of hepatic failure in humans.
Turbo equalization for EDGE system with DDF-SOVA (2001)

As one of the 3G wireless communication standards, EDGE (enhanced data rates for global evolution) adopts 8PSK modulation to provide higher data rates using the existing TDMA system infrastructure of GSM. We study a receiver scheme which improves the detection performance through iterative equalization and decoding. Due to the 8-ary 8PSK alphabet of EDGE modulation, the number of states in a trellis for a full turbo equalizer is prohibitively high. Hence, a delayed decision feedback (DDF) approach is used to reduce the number of trellis states. A non-binary soft output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) is developed to calculate the soft value of 8PSK channel input symbols. Iterative channel estimation is also applied to improve the accuracy of channel estimation. In addition, a prefilter is designed to "shorten" the ISI (intersymbol interference) channel length. Simulation results show our turbo equalization approach can achieve about 2 dB BER (FER) performance gain compared with non-turbo detection after 5 detection iterations.
Total synthesis and pharmacological activities of N-substituted 3,14-dihydroxymorphinans. I (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis and pharmacological activities of N-substituted 3,14-dihydroxymorphinans. II. Monkovic, T. T. Conway, H. Wong, Y. G. Perron, I. J. Pachter, and B. BelleauCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 23, 7910–7912Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00804a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00804a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-Modal Generative Adversarial Network for Short Product Title Generation in Mobile E-Commerce (2019)

Nowadays, more and more customers browse and purchase products in favor of using mobile E-Commerce Apps such as Taobao and Amazon. Since merchants are usually inclined to describe redundant and over-informative product titles to attract attentions from customers, it is important to concisely display short product titles on limited screen of mobile phones. To address this discrepancy, previous studies mainly consider textual information of long product titles and lacks of human-like view during training and evaluation process. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Modal Generative Adversarial Network (MM-GAN) for short product title generation in E-Commerce, which innovatively incorporates image information and attribute tags from product, as well as textual information from original long titles. MM-GAN poses short title generation as a reinforcement learning process, where the generated titles are evaluated by the discriminator in a human-like view. Extensive experiments on a large-scale E-Commerce dataset demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we deploy our model into a real-world online E-Commerce environment and effectively boost the performance of click through rate and click conversion rate by 1.66% and 1.87%, respectively.
Integration of the Micronic Omega6500 into the mask manufacturing environment (2001)

The Micronic Omega6500, a new high performance scanned laser mask lithography system, has been installed in a production mask facility of DuPont Photomasks, Inc. (DPI) The Omega6500 is a 5-beam system with an exposure wavelength of 413 nm, acousto-optic modulation beam intensity control and acousto-optic deflection. The use of a fast expandable datapath architecture along with a hierarchical data format allows extremely dense files to be printed at the full area coverage rate. Due to the differences between this tool and existing tools within DPI, and since this tool is completely new to the photomask industry, a cooperative project was initiated between DPI and Micronic to characterize the performance of the Omega6500 in a mask production environment. In specific we examined the optimization of the resist process, evaluated data handling capability and procedures, and determined changes required to job planning and manufacturing flow. Performance test procedures were created and used to evaluate the precision performance of the system. A production emulation plate suite was used to characterize pattern integrity and precision on real masks. Keywords: scanned laser lithography, photomask