gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polarized endocytosis by Madin-Darby canine kidney cells transfected with functional chicken liver glycoprotein receptor. (1989)

We have studied the expression of the chicken hepatic glycoprotein receptor (chicken hepatic lectin [CHL]) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, by transfection of its cDNA under the control of a retroviral promotor. Transfected cell lines stably express 87,000 surface receptors/cell with a kd = 13 nM. In confluent monolayers, approximately 40% of CHL is localized at the plasma membrane. 98% of the surface CHL is expressed at the basolateral surface where it performs polarized endocytosis and degradation of glycoproteins carrying terminal N-acetylglucosamine at a rate of 50,000 ligand molecules/h. Studies of the half-life of metabolically labeled receptor and of the stability of biotinylated cell surface receptor after internalization indicate that transfected CHL performs several rounds of uptake and recycling before it gets degraded. The successful expression of a functional basolateral receptor in MDCK cells opens the way for the characterization of the mechanisms that control targeting and recycling of proteins to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Enhances Antifungal Activities of Polymorphonuclear and Mononuclear Phagocytes against<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (1998)

Invasive aspergillosis is a serious complication in immunocompromised patients. The effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on antifungal activities of human neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]), human monocytes (MNCs), and rabbit pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) against Aspergillus fumigatus were studied. The percentage of PMN-induced hyphal damage was increased after 30 min of incubation of PMNs with 0.1 ng of TNF-alpha per ml at 37 degreesC (P = 0.043). At 0.1 to 10 ng/ml, TNF-alpha also increased superoxide anion (O2-) produced by PMNs in response to phorbol myristate acetate, N-formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine, and unopsonized hyphae (P < 0.01) but did not exert any effect on PMN phagocytosis of conidia in the presence of serum. By comparison, TNF-alpha induced only a slight increase in O2- production by MNCs in response to phorbol myristate acetate (P = 0.05) and no concomitant increase in the percentage of MNC-induced hyphal damage. Incubation of MNCs with TNF-alpha at 0.001 to 10 ng/ml for 2 days had no effect on phagocytosis or conidiocidal activity. By contrast, incubation of PAMs with TNF-alpha at 0.1 to 10 ng/ml for 2 days increased phagocytosis of conidia (P = 0.03). Thus, TNF-alpha augments the capacity of PMNs to damage Aspergillus hyphae, possibly through enhanced oxidative mechanisms, and increases PAM phagocytic activity against conidia. As such, TNF-alpha may have an important role in host defense against aspergillosis, and neutralization of its activity may be complicated by increased susceptibility to aspergillosis.
Efficacious immunomodulatory activity of the chemokine stromal cell–derived factor 1 (SDF-1): local secretion of SDF-1 at the tumor site serves as T-cell chemoattractant and mediates T-cell–dependent antitumor responses (2002)

The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is essential for perinatal viability, B lymphopoiesis, and bone marrow myelopoiesis, and is a potent monocyte and T-lymphocyte chemoattractant. Interactions of SDF-1 with its receptor CXCR4 have been implicated in CD34(+) cell migration and homing. Here it is shown that human SDF-1beta (hSDF-1beta) alone secreted by hSDF-1beta-transduced tumor cells promotes efficacious antitumor responses. The murine C1498 leukemia and B16F1 melanoma models have been studied. For expression of hSDF-1beta by tumor cells (SDF-tumor cells), packaging cell lines secreting retroviruses encoding hSDF-1beta have been used. The results demonstrate that 50% (B16F1) and 90% (C1498) of naive mice injected with SDF-tumor cells reject their tumors. Prophylactic vaccination of naive mice with irradiated SDF-tumor cells leads to systemic immunity, and therapeutic vaccination leads to cure of established tumors. Mice that previously rejected live SDF-tumor cells are immune to the rejected tumor but susceptible to another tumor and have in vitro tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. SDF-tumor cells are not rejected by immunodeficient scid mice. Immunohistochemistry shows significant infiltration of SDF-1 tumors by T cells, and in vivo T-cell depletion studies indicate that CD4(+) T cells are required for SDF-mediated tumor rejection. In conclusion, the present data suggest that SDF-1/CXCR4 interactions have the potential to regulate efficacious antitumor immune responses; exploitation of these interactions may lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
<tt>rVista</tt>for Comparative Sequence-Based Discovery of Functional Transcription Factor Binding Sites (2002)

Identifying transcriptional regulatory elements represents a significant challenge in annotating the genomes of higher vertebrates. We have developed a computational tool, rVista, for high-throughput discovery of cis-regulatory elements that combines clustering of predicted transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) and the analysis of interspecies sequence conservation to maximize the identification of functional sites. To assess the ability of rVista to discover true positive TFBSs while minimizing the prediction of false positives, we analyzed the distribution of several TFBSs across 1 Mb of the well-annotated cytokine gene cluster (Hs5q31; Mm11). Because a large number of AP-1, NFAT, and GATA-3 sites have been experimentally identified in this interval, we focused our analysis on the distribution of all binding sites specific for these transcription factors. The exploitation of the orthologous human-mouse dataset resulted in the elimination of > 95% of the approximately 58,000 binding sites predicted on analysis of the human sequence alone, whereas it identified 88% of the experimentally verified binding sites in this region.
EFFECT OF ACID COAGULATION LEVEL ON THE PLASTICITY RETENTION INDEX (PRI) OF NATURAL RUBBER (2010)

Investigation into the effect of different acids used for coagulation of Natural rubber latex on PRI were carried out. Different concentrations of Formic, Acetic and Citric (lemon) acids were prepared and used to coagulate natural rubber latex. The coagulum were milled and dried. The plasticity retention index (PRI) test was carried out. From the results obtained. Citric acid coagulated samples have the highest PRI values. In addition, the type and concentration of the acids also have a remarked effect on the PRI values of the natural rubber samples. It is recommended that acetic acid from lemon juice should be used as an alternative coagulating acid, this is as a result of its ability to give higher PRI values; as an agricultural tree, it is a renewable resource and can equally create a source of employment opportunities for local farmers.
Extending Traditional EIS Use to Support Mobile Executives Online and Offline (2012)

In addition to using executive information systems (EIS) in a fixed location, executives increasingly want mobile access, even when they are offline. Based on a framework for EIS use situations and on findings from an expert focus group with participants from multiple industries, we have identified the most important EIS use situations for executives. We classify executives as either Consumer (those who primarily consume EIS information) or Analyst (those who primarily work more interactively with EIS information). To evaluate the relevance of our findings, we participated in a project at Continental AG, a large European automotive supplier. We worked with Continental as it rose to the challenge of selecting the "right" mobile devices and appropriate software components for its executives' online and offline mobile EIS use preferences. Based on our research, we provide five recommendations for EIS design that will help CIOs in other companies to embrace their executives' growing need to access EIS from mobile devices. Some of these recommendations are generally applicable and will ensure executive buy-in. For Consumer executive use, we recommend first focusing on reducing reliance on paper-based reports, and for Analyst executive use, we recommend first focusing on increasing mobile EIS navigation functionality.
농용트랙터 캐빈 서스펜션 개발에 관한 연구 II (2017)

국내 농가의 소득과 생활수준 향상으로 농업용 트랙터는 대형화 고급화되고, 더 안락하고 작업성이 우수한 수입트랙터를 사용하는 비율도 증가하고 있다. 이에 국내 소비자들의 캐빈 소음, 진동에 대한 품질요구 수준을 달성하기 위한 방안으로 농용트랙터 캐빈 서스펜션 개발에 관한 연구 I 을 통해 농용트랙터 작업 조건을 반영한 시험평가모드를 개발할 수 있었다. 하지만 개발된 시험평가모드를 반영하여 시험적으로 캐빈 서스펜션을 최적화 하는 것은 개발비용이 부담되는 실정이다.
본 연구에서는 시험모드를 개발한 기존연구를 이어 해석적인 방법을 통한 캐빈 서스펜션의 스프링 강성, 감쇠계수, 마운팅 위치(Mounting Position) 및 스프링의 길이를 최적화 하는 연구로 다물체 동역학해석 S/W인 RecurDyn V8R5 (Function Bay 社)와, AutoDesign을 이용하여 최적화 해석을 수행하였다.
해석모델의 물리적 특성 값인 질량(Mass), 무게중심(Center Of Gravity), 관성모멘트(Moment of Inertia)는 시제품 모델을 활용한 실측 Data와 설계된 3D 모델을 통해 계산한 Data를 해석모델에 적용하였으며, 해석모델의 연결부는 적합한 Joint, Spring, Bush 등을 활용하여 해석모델을 생성하였다. 또한 성능향상을 위해 설계인자인 스프링 강성, 감쇠계수, 마운팅 위치, 스프링의 길이의 변경범위를 설정하고 최적화해석모델을 생성하였다. 트랙터 작업 시 캐빈 마운트 및 서스펜션에 가해지는 진동을 사실과 같이 구현하기 위해, 농용트랙터 캐빈 서스펜션 개발에 관한 연구 I 을 통해 개발된 로드 프로파일(Time-Displacement Data)를 마운트 parts에 입력하여 캐빈의 CG Point에서의 가속도 Data를 계산 하여 초기 설계 모델의 Data와 최적화모델의 Data를 비교하였다.
결과적으로 승차감과 가장 연관이 있는 C.G Point에서의 Vertical 방향의 가속도 RMS (Root Mean Square)값은 21.4% 감소되어 진동성능이 향상된 것을 예측할 수 있었다. 향후 시제품 제작 및 시험을 통해 향상된 성능을 확인할 예정이다,
본 연구와 같은 개발 방법을 통해 시제품 모델에 대한 성능 예측의 확인가능성이 향상될 것이고, 이를 통해 차세대 캐빈 서스펜션 시스템을 장착한 트랙터를 개발 할 수 있으리라 사료된다.
Effects of Wild Pig Rooting in a Deciduous Forest (1984)

Action des porcs sauvages sur la faune superficielle, les elements nutritifs, la biomasse de la litiere forestiere et du sol
Solution of the Dial-a-Ride Problem with multi-dimensional capacity constraints (2006)

The Dial-a-Ride Problem (DARP) consists of planning routes and schedules for picking up and delivering users within user-specified time windows. Vehicles of a given fleet with limited capacity depart from and end at a common depot. The travel time of passengers cannot exceed a given multiple of the minimum ride time. Other constraints include vehicle capacity and vehicle route duration. In practice, scheduling is made more complicated by special user requirements and an inhomogeneous vehicle fleet. The transportation of elderly and handicapped people is an important example, as space for wheelchairs is limited and a lift is required. In this study, we present a modified insertion heuristic to solve the DARP with multi-dimensional capacity constraints, and the performance of the proposed algorithm is tested in simulation. We show that the proposed methodology is effective when compared with the classic algorithms.
Compressive power spectral density estimation (2011)

In this paper, we consider power spectral density estimation of bandlimited, wide-sense stationary signals from sub-Nyquist sampled data. This problem has recently received attention from within the emerging field of cognitive radio for example, and solutions have been proposed that use ideas from compressed sensing and the theory of digital alias-free signal processing. Here we develop a compressed sensing based technique that employs multi-coset sampling and produces multi-resolution power spectral estimates at arbitrarily low average sampling rates. The technique applies to spectrally sparse and nonsparse signals alike, but we show that when the wide-sense stationary signal is spectrally sparse, compressed sensing is able to enhance the estimator. The estimator does not require signal reconstruction and can be directly obtained from a straightforward application of nonnegative least squares.
On Three-Dimensional Trans-Sasakian Manifolds (2008)

The object of the present paper is to study 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifolds\nwhich are locally Á-symmetric and have ´-parallel Ricci tensor. Also 3-dimensional trans-\nSasakian manifolds of constant curvature have been considered. An example of a three-\ndimensional locally Á-symmetric trans-Sasakian manifold is given.
Single-Cell Transcriptional Analysis Reveals Novel Neuronal Phenotypes and Interaction Networks Involved in the Central Circadian Clock (2016)

Single-cell heterogeneity confounds efforts to understand how a population of cells organizes into cellular networks that underlie tissue-level function. This complexity is prominent in the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Here, individual neurons exhibit a remarkable amount of asynchronous behavior and transcriptional heterogeneity. However, SCN neurons are able to generate precisely coordinated synaptic and molecular outputs that synchronize the body to a common circadian cycle by organizing into cellular networks. To understand this emergent cellular network property, it is important to reconcile single-neuron heterogeneity with network organization. In light of recent studies suggesting that transcriptionally heterogeneous cells organize into distinct cellular phenotypes, we characterized the transcriptional, spatial, and functional organization of 352 SCN neurons from mice experiencing phase-shifts in their circadian cycle. Using the community structure detection method and multivariate analytical techniques, we identified previously undescribed neuronal phenotypes that are likely to participate in regulatory networks with known SCN cell types. Based on the newly discovered neuronal phenotypes, we developed a data-driven neuronal network structure in which multiple cell types interact through known synaptic and paracrine signaling mechanisms. These results provide a basis from which to interpret the functional variability of SCN neurons and describe methodologies toward understanding how a population of heterogeneous single cells organizes into cellular networks that underlie tissue-level function.
Increased Choline Kinase Activity in 1,2‐Dimethylhydrazine‐induced Rat Colon Cancer (1999)

Cancer cells acquire particular characteristics that benefit their proliferation. We previously reported that human colon cancers examined had increased choline kinase activity and phosphocholine levels. The elevated phosphocholine levels were in part due to both activation of choline kinase and increased choline kinase alpha protein levels. In this report, we analyzed choline kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of choline to produce phosphocholine, in rat 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer. This study is the first to demonstrate increased choline kinase alpha enzymatic activity, protein levels, and mRNA levels in DMH-induced colon cancer as well as human colon cancer, although phosphocholine was not increased in DMH-induced rat cancer. The increase in the mRNA level was partly due to an increase in the transcription of the choline kinase alpha gene. The increased choline kinase activity may be a specific characteristic acquired by cancer cells that benefits their proliferation.
Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces differentiation and adhesion of human monocytes and the monocytic cell line U937. (1990)

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for development of atherosclerosis. In experimental animals fed a high-cholesterol diet, monocytes adhere to the arterial endothelium and penetrate into the intima where they differentiate into macrophages and ingest lipids thus giving rise to fatty streaks, the earliest type of atherosclerotic plaque. Macrophages express few receptors for normal low density lipoprotein (LDL) but can take up oxidized LDL by way of a scavenger receptor. The present study was designed to investigate the possible role of oxidized LDL in recruitment of resident intimal macrophages. We found that oxidized LDL induced enhanced expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on human monocytes and U937 cells, a well-established system for studies of monocytic differentiation. Oxidized LDL also induced enhanced expression of the surface antigen LeuM3 but caused decreased expression of CD4 antigen, a pattern compatible with expression of a more-differentiated macrophage-like phenotype. Oxidized LDL also initiated aggregation of monocytes and U937 cells and stimulated adhesion of U937 cells to cultured endothelial cells. The results indicate that oxidized LDL may contribute to development of atherosclerosis by inducing adhesion of monocytes to the arterial intima and by stimulating intimal monocytes to differentiate into resident macrophages.
Identification of a novel RNA silencing suppressor, NSs protein of <i>Tomato spotted wilt virus</i> (2002)

RNA silencing or post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants is known as a defense system against virus infection. Several plant viruses have been shown to encode an RNA silencing suppressor. Using a green fluorescent protein-based transient suppression assay, we show that NSs protein of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has RNA silencing suppressor activity. TSWV NSs protein suppressed sense transgene-induced PTGS but did not suppress inverted repeat transgene-induced PTGS. TSWV NSs protein is the first RNA silencing suppressor identified in negative-strand RNA viruses.
A Representative Case of Osteoporotic Distal Radius Fracture (2008)

We present a case with nonsimultaneous bilateral dorsally displaced unstable osteoporotic distal radius fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation using a volar and dorsal locking-plate system in a 69-year-old man. On the left side the patient had a loss of reduction as a result of plate bending 1 week after palmar plating. Correction of the dorsopalmar tilt was achieved through additional dorsal plating. Three months later the same patient sustained a distal radius fracture on his right forearm. Open anatomic reduction could only be achieved using palmar and dorsal locking plates, and the large metaphyseal defect was filled with resorbable bone substitute. Six weeks after surgery the patient reported persisting wrist pain. The x-rays showed loss of reduction. Because of flexor tendon irritation, the plate had to be removed after healing malunited. At the final follow-up at 18 months, the patient showed good subjective results according to the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire results. Active wrist motion was 60 degrees extension on the left and 55 degrees extension on the right. The active range of flexion was 50 degrees for left and right wrist, and active pronation and supination were unrestricted for both forearms. Grip strength was 50 kg on either side. Although recently good and excellent results have been reported treating distal radius fractures using volar locking plates in elderly individuals, we believe these implants still have their limits depending on local bone quality and fracture pattern. Decisionmaking for surgery versus conservative treatment should balance the risks and advantages for each patient accurately.
Is there still hope? : company law (2016)

On 21 September 2016, the Western Cape High Court handed down judgement in the case of Tyre Corporation Cape Town (Pty) Ltd and Others v GT Logistics (Pty) Ltd and Others (Rogers J) [2016] ZAWCHC 124, in terms of which the court considered, among other questions:whether GT Logistics (Pty) Ltd (Company) could be placed into business rescue despite it being commercially and/or factually insolvent; and if the answer to question 1 was in the affirmative, were reasonable grounds for the belief that the Company could be rescued established?
Specificity in pleckstrin homology (PH) domain membrane targeting: a role for a phosphoinositide–protein co‐operative mechanism (2001)

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domains are protein modules found in proteins involved in many cellular processes. The majority of PH domain-containing proteins require membrane association for their function. It has been shown that most PH domains interact directly with the cell membrane by binding to phosphoinositides with a broad range of specificity and affinity. While a highly specific binding of the PH domain to a phosphoinositide can be necessary and sufficient for the correct recruitment of the host protein to the membrane, a weaker and less specific interaction may be necessary but not sufficient, thus probably requiring alternative, co-operative mechanisms.
Part I (theory) signal propagation without distortion on lossy transmission lines having frequency dependent parameters (2005)

A nonsinusoidal waveform called speedy delivery (SD) that does not undergo shape distortion during propagation on lossy transmission lines having frequency dependent parameters (LFTL) is the subject of this paper. An outline of the proof that the SD waveform propagates on LFTL without shape distortion is included. This waveform also has other unusual propagation properties on LFTL, namely controllable propagation velocity and controllable attenuation. Experimental measurements illustrating some of these special propagation properties of the nonsinusoidal SD signal on cable are discussed in a companion paper in this workshop.
La nueva ciudadanía (2002)

Antibodies have brought valuable therapeutics in the clinical treatment of various diseases without serious adverse effects through their intrinsic features such as specific binding to the target antigen with high affinity, clinical safety as serum proteins, and long half-life. Agonist antibodies, furthermore, could be expected to maximize the value of therapeutic antibodies. Indeed, several IgG/IgM antibodies have been reported to induce cellular growth/differentiation and apoptosis. These agonist antibodies, however, should be further improved to exert more potent biologic activities and appropriate serum half-life depending upon the disease indications. Here, we report that IgG antibodies against the thrombopoietin receptor (Mpl), which have an absence or very weak agonist activity, can be engineered to be agonist minibodies, which include diabody or sc(Fv)2 as potent as natural ligand. Through this technological development, minibodies have been successfully constructed to bind and activate 2 types of dysfunctional mutant Mpls that cause congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT). This drastic conversion of biologic activities by designing minibodies can be widely applicable to generate agonist minibodies for clinical application, which will constitute a new paradigm in antibody-based therapeutics.
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Transmission Electron Microscopic Characterizations of Bacteriophage–Nanoparticle Complexes for Pathogen Detection (2013)

We report the synthesis and characterization of gold–bacteriophage hybrids for biodetection purposes. The physical and optical properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the biological features of the phages offer a multifunctional scaffold with great potential for nanotechnologically based biomedical applications. AuNPs, stabilized (PEGylated) using heterobifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG), were coupled to methicillin-resistant S. aureus-specific phages. The PEG ligands contain a thiol group for stable anchoring to the gold surface and a terminal carboxylic acid group for further coupling to the outside of the PEG shell by carbodiimide chemistry. Transmission electron microscopic analysis showed that the NP–phage bioconjugates are highly stable, with a median diameter of 90 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to chemically characterize the surfaces of the PEG-functionalized AuNPs, the bacteriophages, and the gold–phage hybrids. The role of the interface and the covalent coupling chemistry employed to attach the phages to the AuNPs have been delineated. Successful attachment of phages to AuNPs was confirmed by the presence of amide between the primary amines of the phages and the carboxylic acid terminal groups of the NPs and by the presence of carboxyl and amine species, which form hydrogen bonds.