gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NONLINEAR EFFECTS IN OPTICAL FIBERS: ORIGIN, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS (2007)

The nonlinear effects in optical fiber occur either due to intensity dependence of refractive index of the medium or due to inelastic-scattering phenomenon. This paper describes various types of nonlinear effects based on first effect such as self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation and four-wave mixing. Their thresholds, managements and applications are also discussed; and comparative study of these effects is presented.
Architectures for Mass Market 3D Displays (1988)

We discuss the specific architecture requirements of real time 3D display systems intended for low cost mass market products of the near future. Vertex transformation and polygon rendering are two processing aspects where hardware acceleration must be used to achieve the performance target. The use of one or more DSP chips as vertex processors is discussed, and two efficient z-buffer implementations described. Antialiasing and texture mapping greatly improve the visual impression at some processing cost.
Chemical Composition, Iron Bioavailability, and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Kappaphycus alvarezzi </i>(Doty) (2005)

Kappaphycus alvarezzi, an edible seaweed from the west coast of India, was analyzed for its chemical composition. It was found that K. alvarezzi is rich in protein (16.24% w/w) and contains a high amount of fiber (29.40% w/w) and carbohydrates (27.4% w/w). K. alvarezzi showed vitamin A activity of 865 mug retinal equivalents/100 g of sample. It contained a higher quantity of unsaturated fatty acids (44.50% of the total), in which relative percentage of oleic acid was 11%, cis-heptadecanoic acid 13.50%, and linoleic acid 2.3% and 37.0% of saturated fatty acids (mainly heptadecanoic acid). K. alvarezziwas also found to be good source of minerals, viz 0.16% of calcium, 0.033% of iron, and 0.016% of zinc, which are essential for various vital biological activities. Bioavailability of iron by in vitro methods showed a higher efficiency in intestinal conditions than in stomach conditions. Ascorbic acid influenced higher bioavailability of iron. Successive extracts of n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and direct extractables of chloroform/methanol (1:1 and 2:1) were screened for antioxidant activity using a beta-carotene linoleic acid model system (B-CLAMS), DPPH (alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl) model system and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The chloroform/methanol (2:1) extract has shown 82.5% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm. Acetone fraction extracts at the 1000 ppm level showed 63.31% antioxidant activity in beta-carotene linoleic acid system. The acetone extract showed 46.04% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm concentration. In the case of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, all the extracts showed better activity at the concentrations of 25 and 50 ppm, where at the 50 ppm level ethyl acetate extract showed 76.0%, acetone 75.12%, and hexane 71.15% activity, respectively. Results of this study suggest the utility of K. alvarezzi (Eucheuma) for various nutritional products, including antioxidant for use as health food or nutraceutical supplement.
Robust High Thermoelectric Harvesting Under a Self‐Humidifying Bilayer of Metal Organic Framework and Hydrogel Layer (2018)

Abstract Robust thermoelectric harvesting is explored from a proton‐doped mixed ionic conductive (PMIC) film under water‐harvesting metal organic framework (MOF) film coupled with hydrogel layer (MOF/HG). As a PMIC, highly doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)s with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is prepared by precisely controlling the proton doping to afford a stable and high thermoelectric PMIC. Among the PMICs, the PEDOT:PSS film doped with 30 wt% of poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSH) recorded a Seebeck coefficient of over 16.2 mV K −1 and a thermal voltage of 81 mV for a temperature gradient (Δ T ) of 5 K. The thermal charging on PMICs afforded high thermal voltage and current output, reproducibly, to show cumulative thermoelectric nature. Environmentally sustainable thermoelectric harvesting is achieved from a PMIC under a MOF/HG, prepared by water‐harvesting MOF‐801 coupled with a HG layer, to provide constant relative humidity of 90% and V oc over 72 h at ambient condition.
A Class Hierarchy for Building Stream-Oriented File Systems. (1989)

This paper describes the object-oriented design and implementation of a family of stream-oriented file systems under UNIX and under an object-oriented operating system called Choices . A class hierarchy provides an object-oriented taxonomy of the algorithms and data structures used in the design of this family. The family includes the System V file system, the 4.2 BSD file system, and the MS-DOS file system. The class hierarchy has been developed by a series of experiments that are designed to lead to a framework for object-oriented file systems. The class hierarchy for stream-oriented file systems is the product of the second experiment in this series in whichwe revised a class hierarchy for UNIX-like file systems[MLRC88] to include the MS-DOS file system. We describe the hierarchy,howitevolved from the first experiment to the second, and review the lessons that wehave learned from the two experiments. 1 INTRODUCTION The Choices operating system architecture [CJR87, CRJ8...
A rocket-borne magnetometer (1959)

The geophysical reasons for requiring magnetic measurements in the upper atmosphere and the general and instrumental considerations involved in using a Skylark rocket for the purpose are outlined. The principles of the measuring technique employing a proton precession magnetometer and the reasons for its selection are discussed. The application of these principles to the design, construction and testing of a practical instrument are described.
Acoustic Force on a Liquid Droplet in an Acoustic Stationary Wave (1971)

This paper considers the time-averaged acoustic force exerted on a spherical liquid droplet in an acoustic stationary wave. Experimental and theoretical values are presented for the minimum acoustic pressure amplitudes required to trap small individual droplets of various liquids near the pressure antinodes of a stationary sound field in a cylinder filled with water. The liquids used were paraldehyde, hexane, benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, and carbon tetrachloride. Droplet radii ranged from 400 to 800 μ, and acoustic-pressure amplitudes required to trap the droplets ranged from 1 to 15 bars. Calculated and observed values for the acoustic force are in substantial agreement, provided the compressibility of the liquid droplets is considered.
On the level of code suggestion for reuse (2015)

Code search techniques are well-known as one of the techniques that helps code reuse. If developers input queries that represent functionality that they want, the techniques suggest code fragments that are related to the query. Generally, code search techniques suggest code at the component level of programming language such as class or file. Due to this, developers occasionally need to search necessary code in the suggested area. As a countermeasure, there is a code search technique where code is suggested based on the past reuse. The technique ignores structural code blocks, so that developers need to add some code to the pasted code or remove some code from it. That is, the advantages and disadvantages of the former technique are disadvantages and advantages of the latter one, respectively. In this research, we have conducted a comparative study to reveal which level of code suggestion is more useful for code reuse. In the study, we also compared a hybrid technique of the two techniques with them. As a result, we revealed that component-level suggestions were able to provide reusable code more precisely. On the other hand, reuse-level suggestions were more helpful to reuse larger code.
Wireless Reprogramming of Vehicle Electronic Control Units (2008)

The new generation vehicles will have many sophisticated systems such as drive-by-wire, navigation, traffic congestion control, road guidance, and advance crash warning. Already, dozens of onboard computers control complex vehicle functions. From time to time, an onboard computer needs reprogramming. Currently, dealers manually reprogram software in onboard computers via a wire based electrical connection. Updating software wirelessly is a preferred alternative to the manual method because the vehicle need not be physically present at a repair facility to perform the update. Wireless software reprogramming will save customers' and technicians' time and money. In this paper, we present a wireless download algorithm for reprogramming of vehicles' electronic control units, using current wireless technologies. Our algorithm proposes a hybrid infrastructure that combines wireless unicasting and multicasting data delivery.
Electrical Discharge Milling of Silicon Carbide with Different Electrical Conductivity (2014)

Silicon Carbide is a ceramic material with extraordinary properties. Not only does it excel in mechanical properties, such as very high hardness and flexural strength, but also shows excellent thermal properties with a low thermal expansion and operating temperatures above 1000°C. These properties predestine silicon carbide for applications in harsh environments. Structuring silicon carbide in the sintered state with conventional methods is not feasible due to its hardness. A non-conventional process to structure materials independent of their mechanical properties is electrical discharge machining (EDM). A certain conductivity is however required for this process. To fulfill this requirement, the method of an assisting electrode (AE) is used. During the process, an intrinsic AE is generated from the cracked dielectric oil and deposited on the ceramic surface. The process can therefore continue even after the applied AE has been penetrated. For a deeper understanding of the present removal mechanism EDM of non-conducting ceramics, especially in the area of micro EDM, an investigation of the influence of conductivity is necessary. Therefore three silicon carbide ceramics with different electrical conductivity (S-SiC: 1 10 -7 S/cm ; LR-SiC: 10 S/cm ; HO-SiC: 5 10 -9 S/cm ) have been microstructured and analysed. It is found that the conductivity of the silicon carbide materials has no influence on the machinability, all samples can be microstructured. The microsections of the machined samples show that the near-surface structure of the SiC materials is not negatively influenced by the EDM process. The analysis of the surface revealed indications that for S-SiC and for HO-SiC, thermal spalling is the present removal mechanism. The LR-SiC surface shows melting structures. The material removal rate of LR-SiC is 8 × 10 -3 mm3/min , whereas the material removal rate of the S-SiC and the HO-SiC ranges at 3 × 10 -3 mm3/min . The high MRR of the LR-SiC indicates a removal mechanism analog to Silicon infiltrated Silicon carbide (SiSiC), with removal of a conductive phase.
Sonic Infrared (IR) Imaging and Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection Probability of Detection (POD) Comparison (2007)

Sandia National Laboratories Airworthiness Assurance Nondestructive Inspection Validation Center (AANC) implemented two crack probability of detection (POD) experiments to compare in a quantitative manner the ability of Sonic Infrared (IR) Imaging and fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) to reliably detect cracks. Blind Sonic IR and FPI inspections were performed on titanium and Inconel® specimens having statistically relevant flaw profiles. Inspector hit/miss data was collected and POD curves for each technique were generated and compared. In addition, the crack lengths for a number of titanium and Inconel® reference standards were measured before and after repeated Sonic IR inspections to determine if crack growth occurred.
Airway Management: Principles and Practice (1996)

This totally comprehensive yet very clinically oriented text provides a unique how-to approach on airway management. Case examples and analysis are featured in a unique section on difficult airway situations.
3D printing of interdigital sensor based conductive ABS for salt and sucrose concentration sensing (2019)

Abstract This paper reports the application of three-dimensional (3D) printing to the fabrication of an interdigital sensor based conductive acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) for salt and sucrose concentration sensing. The substrate and interdigital sensor are fabricated by 3D printing based ABS and conductive ABS filament, respectively. The interaction between the samples and interdigital sensor was analyzed based on a direct current circuit. The proposed sensor was tested for the electrical current response to salt and sucrose at various concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 % (W/V) with steps of 2 % (W/V). The experimental results confirmed that the electrical currents were linearly changed when the concentration of salt and sucrose was changed. Moreover, it has a wide dynamic range and offers rapid lower-cost measurement. The proposed technique offers an opportunity for the development of salt and sucrose meter systems.
Prion Protein (PrP) Knock-Out Mice Show Altered Iron Metabolism: A Functional Role for PrP in Iron Uptake and Transport (2009)

Despite overwhelming evidence implicating the prion protein (PrP) in prion disease pathogenesis, the normal function of this cell surface glycoprotein remains unclear. In previous reports we demonstrated that PrP mediates cellular iron uptake and transport, and aggregation of PrP to the disease causing PrP-scrapie (PrP(Sc)) form results in imbalance of iron homeostasis in prion disease affected human and animal brains. Here, we show that selective deletion of PrP in transgenic mice (PrP(KO)) alters systemic iron homeostasis as reflected in hematological parameters and levels of total iron and iron regulatory proteins in the plasma, liver, spleen, and brain of PrP(KO) mice relative to matched wild type controls. Introduction of radiolabeled iron ((59)FeCl(3)) to Wt and PrP(KO) mice by gastric gavage reveals inefficient transport of (59)Fe from the duodenum to the blood stream, an early abortive spike of erythropoiesis in the long bones and spleen, and eventual decreased (59)Fe content in red blood cells and all major organs of PrP(KO) mice relative to Wt controls. The iron deficient phenotype of PrP(KO) mice is reversed by expressing Wt PrP in the PrP(KO) background, demonstrating a functional role for PrP in iron uptake and transport. Since iron is required for essential metabolic processes and is also potentially toxic if mismanaged, these results suggest that loss of normal function of PrP due to aggregation to the PrP(Sc) form induces imbalance of brain iron homeostasis, resulting in disease associated neurotoxicity.
New reactions of potassium naphthalenide with .beta.-, .gamma.- and .delta.-lactones: an efficient route to .alpha.-alkyl .gamma.- and .delta.-lactones and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew reactions of potassium naphthalenide with .beta.-, .gamma.- and .delta.-lactones: an efficient route to .alpha.-alkyl .gamma.- and .delta.-lactones and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid estersMarek Kowalczuk, Piotr Kurcok, Wojciech Glowkowski, and Zbigniew JedlinskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 1, 389–391Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00027a070https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00027a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views899Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Thermal Clay Recycled Oils Using Technical Adsorbents (2000)

Abstract In Italy recycled oils are obtained by treating exhaust oils by deasphaltation, redistillation and subsequent thermal clay processing. PAH concentrations of intermediate and finished products were found to be 1200, 285, 420, and 275, 126 and 60 A. U. (FDA method, sun test), respectively for light, medium and heavy distillation fractions of intermediate and finished products. The polynuclear fractions of all intermediate products and of the light fraction of finished products from exhaust oils exceeded HSE (Health, Safety, Environment) standards. Because the light distillate intermediate product gave the highest FDA value (1200 A. U.), laboratory purification tests were carried out on it using four technical adsorbing substances (two active carbons, alumina, silica gel) with an adsorbent/oil ratio of 5/100. No reduction of the PAH fraction was found after oil percolation at room temperature (26°C). Oil treatment as indicated above for 30 minutes at 100°C gave a reduction of FDA values for the light distillate of about 50% using several vegetal active carbons, PAH content were found to be less reduced with silica gel and alumina (32% and 12% reduction, respectively). In any case, the FDA values of active carbon treated oils remained >200 A.U˙˙ The light product which had already undergone thermal clay processing was treated using between 0.5% and 3% of adsorbent in the mix, at 120–265 C, with oil/adsorbent contact times of up to 2 hours. After treatment, the FDA values of most oils fell to below 200 A.U, and the best PAH reduction (about 70%) was obtained with 3% active carbon at temperatures between 120 and 200°C. On the basis of these results, the light oil fraction obtained from thermal clay processing and its 6 samples after treatment with active carbon were tested for compliance with Health Safety Environment standards (viz, FDA <200 A. U., PAF<2%, Total PAH<100 ppm and M.I.<1.0). The best conditions for reducing residual PAH in light fraction of recycled oils are the treatment with active carbon at concentrations between 1% and 3% with 120 °C temperature contact time of about 1 hour.
IoT Based Safety Enhanced Swimming Pool with Embedded Techniques to reduce drowning accidents (2020)

Swimming is the best exercise practice followed by many from the old days till now. Often the beginners feel it difficult to breathe under water and causes choking water, then as a loss of balance it cause a drowning accident. Worldwide, drowning produces a higher rate of mortality without causing injury especially to children. To overcome these type of accidents, an intelligent system should be integrated with the swimming pools to save human lives. The proposed system prevents the person who drowns in the swimming pool by switching on the alarm and lift the person upward using plate. Ultrasonic sensor is used to recognize whether the person drown under water or in a safer level by fixing a threshold value. To identify the difference in the drown object, PIR sensor is used to find whether the drown object is human or animal or any other non-living objects. This intelligent system helps in reducing the mortality rate, especially in concern with the children mortality rate. Thus a safe swimming pool is designed with the embedded system techniques.
What's a Typical Commit? A Characterization of Open Source Software Repositories (2008)

The research examines the version histories of nine open source software systems to uncover trends and characteristics of how developers commit source code to version control systems (e.g., subversion). The goal is to characterize what a typical or normal commit looks like with respect to the number of files, number of lines, and number of hunks committed together. The results of these three characteristics are presented and the commits are categorized from extra small to extra large. The findings show that approximately 75% of commits are quite small for the systems examined along all three characteristics. Additionally, the commit messages are examined along with the characteristics. The most common words are extracted from the commit messages and correlated with the size categories of the commits. It is observed that sized categories can be indicative of the types of maintenance activities being performed.
Optical technique for measurement of current at high voltage (1973)

Consideration is given to the design of an optical device for the measurement of current at high voltage based on the Faraday magneto-optic effect in flint glass. A laser beam directed upward from the ground passes through the free atmosphere to interrogate a passive transducer situated on the high-voltage line. The beam is then reflected down to a ground-based detector system. The investigation has been directed, in the first instance, towards the provision of a versatile research tool for the analysis of disturbed-line conditions, although, ultimately, such an arrangement could obviate the necessity for the expensive and bulky insulation found in conventional current transformers. This is particularly relevant in view of the trend towards higher transmission voltages. The appropriate design features are considered in some detail. Their implementation in a prototype device is also considered. The bandwidth of the prototype device was from direct current to 2 MHz, and its dynamic range for less than 5% nonlinearity was 10–12000 A (these figures are not fundamental and can be varied). The device promises to provide a cheap, accurate and robust current-measurement system for various applications in power-transmission networks.
DeepCache (2018)

In this paper, we present DEEPCACHE a novel Framework for content caching, which can significantly boost cache performance. Our Framework is based on powerful deep recurrent neural network models. It comprises of two main components: i) Object Characteristics Predictor, which builds upon deep LSTM Encoder-Decoder model to predict the future characteristics of an object (such as object popularity) -- to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose LSTM Encoder-Decoder model for content caching; ii) a caching policy component, which accounts for predicted information of objects to make smart caching decisions. In our thorough experiments, we show that applying DEEPCACHE Framework to existing cache policies, such as LRU and k-LRU, significantly boosts the number of cache hits.