gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antifungal pulse therapy for onychomycosis. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation of monthly cycles of 1-week pulse therapy with itraconazole (1996)

Following pulse therapy with itraconazole (400 mg/d given for 1 week each month for 3 to 4 months), the drug has been detected in the distal ends of nails after the first pulse, and it has reached therapeutic concentrations with further therapy. After stopping the last pulse, the drug remains in the nail plate at levels above 300 ng/g for several months. Clinical cure rates between 76% and 84% and negative mycological examination findings between 72% and 80%, respectively, were observed in toenail onychomycosis. The data suggest that pulse therapy with itraconazole is an effective and safe treatment option for onychomycosis.
Sorption of chrysoidine by row cork and cork entrapped in calcium alginate beads (2013)

Azo-dyes, molecules characterised by the presence of the azo-group (–NN–), are widely used in textile, leather, rubber, plastic, and food industries. Water-soluble azo-dyes are greatly resistant to biodegradation, and are characterised by a high thermal and photo stability due to their complex structures. The release of these molecules into the environment is of crucial concern due to their toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic characteristics. Biosorption has been demonstrated an effective method to remove pollutants from wastewaters thus solving ecological tasks, being a low cost process and the sorbent biodegradable. The main requirements of an efficient sorbent are thermal, chemical and mechanical stability, and rapid sorption. In this work, the ability of both row cork and the same sorbent entrapped in a biopolymeric gel of calcium alginate, on the removal of chrysoidine from aqueous solutions was examined. The influence on the sorption of pH, initial dye concentration, and particle size, as well as the efficiency of the entrapment, have been investigated. The maximum sorption was found for cork samples of fine particle size (FC), in both row and entrapped forms, at pH 7; conversely, at pH 4 the difference is significant (0.12 mmol/g for row cork and 0.20 mmol/g for entrapped cork), evoking a cooperation of alginate in binding the positively charged chrysoidine molecule.
Transformations of methyl 2‐(2,2‐disubstituted‐ethenyl)amino‐3‐dimethylaminopropenoates. The synthesis of methyl 1‐heteroaryl‐1<i>H</i>‐imidazole‐4‐carboxylates (1998)

Abstract Transformations of intermediates 4 , prepared from methyl 2‐(2,2‐disubstituted‐ethenyl)amino‐3‐dimethylaminopropenoates 2 and sterically hindered heteroarylamines 3 , into methyl 1‐heteroaryl‐1 H ‐imidazole‐4‐carboxylates 7 are described.
Prostate Transglutaminase: A Unique Transglutaminase and Its Role in Prostate Cancer (2011)

Prostate transglutaminase-4, also known as TGM4 or transglutaminase P, belongs to the prostate transglutaminase protein family, but is almost uniquely distributed in the prostate gland. Recent years have seen an expansion of interest in this enzyme, which is intriguingly expressed in prostate tissues and prostate cancer. In recent studies, the molecule has been found to have a diverse impact on prostate cancer cell growth, migration and invasiveness, and to be involved in the tumor-endothelial interaction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and has a wide interaction with other molecular complexes implicating it as a possible biomarker of aggressive versus nonaggressive cancer, as well as a therapeutic factor. This article reviews the recent progress and discusses the controversies and future directions in this exciting area of prostate cancer research.
Magnetic rotary position encoders with magneto-resistive sensors (1989)

The performance of magnetic encoders is now comparable to optical types for many motion control applications. Magnetic recording techniques are used to establish high density tracks with uniform pole structures on isotropic permanent magnet media. The flux reversals are sensed using magneto-resistive elements, which allow quadrature incremental and index encoder channels to be derived from a single thick-film sensor. >
Modeling and Compensation of Nonlinear Systems Using Sensitivity Analysis (1968)

In this paper sensitivity analysis techniques are applied to two aspects of the nonlinear system design problem: The modeling of nonlinear systems and the compensation of nonlinear systems. In the modeling problem the free parameters of the model are selected to minimize an integral performance index where the integrand is a function of the response of the model and the response of the modeled system. Sensitivity functions, which indicate the sensitivity of the response of the model to changes in the free parameters are used in the minimization procedure. Similarly, in the compensation problem, the adjustable parameters of the compensated system are selected to minimize an integral performance index where the integrand is a function of the response of the compensated system and a desired response. Sensitivity functions, which indicate the sensitivity of the response of the compensated system to changes in the adjustable parameters, are again used in the minimization procedure. The sensitivity functions are obtained from multiple solutions of the general sensitivity equation subjected to various forcing functions. The general sensitivity equation is obtained by differentiation of the model equation or of the compensated system equation. The free or the adjustable parameters are determined as functions of some characteristic parameter which represents the magnitude of the input, the degree of the nonlinearity or some other performance characteristic of the system. All the required computations may be performed by a digital computer. Three nonlinear examples are given to illustrate the method.
A frequency domain adaptive coded decision feedback equalizer for a broadband UWA COFDM system (2002)

A novel modulation scheme for UWA (underwater acoustic) communications is presented which uses coherent pseudorandom-phase carrier COFDM modulation. A feature of the system is the use of a new form of frequency domain equalizer that is specifically designed for the parallel structure of the COFDM system. The equalization algorithm is based upon the least-squares auto-regressive model and the singular value decomposition algorithm for the estimation of a minimum mean-square-error channel transfer function. In order to allow adaptive signal equalization, a coded decision feedback receiver system configuration has also been developed. By virtue of the frequency domain equalization and maximum-likelihood Viterbi decoding, the system is shown to have high stability, capable of operating under multipath/Doppler channels at low SNRs.
<scp>COVID</scp>‐19 and its effects on the digestive system and endoscopy practice (2020)

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Several studies have demonstrated that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is also a potential route. As the pandemic is continuously evolving, and more data are made available, this article highlights the best evidence and practices regarding the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus relevant to GI practice. Published clinical studies have supported that SARS-CoV-2 affects the GI tract and the liver. The largest published dataset comprised of 4243 patients and showed a pooled prevalence of GI symptoms at 17.6%. GI symptoms varied and usually preceded pulmonary symptoms by 1-2 days. These include anorexia (26.8%), nausea and vomiting (10.2%), diarrhea (12.5%), and abdominal pain (9.2%). Incidence of liver injury ranges from 15 to 53%. Evidence shows that the severity of COVID-19 infection is compounded by its effects on nutrition, most especially for the critically ill. As such, nutrition societies have recommended optimization of oral diets and oral nutritional supplements followed by early enteral nutrition if nutritional targets are not met, and parenteral nutrition in the distal end of the spectrum. In addition to possible fecal-oral transmission, GI endoscopy procedures, which are considered to be aerosol-generating procedures, contribute to increased risk to GI health-care professionals. Infection prevention measures and guidelines are essential in protecting both patients and personnel.
A novel relevance feedback technique in image retrieval (1999)

The relevance feedback based approach to image retrieval has been an active research direction in the past few years. Many parameter estimation techniques have been proposed for relevance feedback. However, most of them are either based on ad-hoc heuristics or only partial solutions. In this paper, we introduce the first technique that not only has a solid theoretical framework but also takes into account the multi-level image content model. This technique formulates a vigorous optimization problem. By using Lagrange multipliers, we have derived the explicit optimal solutions for both the query vectors and the weights associated with the two-level image model. Experimental results on realworld image collections have shown the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed algorithm.
WWVB Improvements: New Power From an Old Timer (1999)

In response to advancements in receivers and increased emphasis of traceability of frequency to the national standard, the time-and-frequency radio station, WWVB, of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently underwent numerous improvements, including a 7 dB boost in radiated power, resulting in significantly greater signal availability throughout North America. This paper describes the history of WWVB, the improvements recently made to the station, theoretical coverage, and consumer-oriented receivers projected to number in the millions of units in the next few years.
Regulation of the uPA gene in various grades of human glioma cells. (2001)

Urokinase-type plasminogen (uPA) activator regulates a variety of processes, including morphogenesis, cell differentiation, migration, and invasion. In previous studies, we demonstrated that uPA levels are significantly higher in anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma than in low-grade glioma and normal brain tissue. In the present study, our goal was to determine whether the increase in uPA production in higher-grade gliomas is caused by an increase in mRNA stability or increased transcription of the gene in three human glioma cell lines of various grades (H4, SW1783, UWR3). The half-life of uPA mRNA was about 14 h in UWR3 and 8 h in SW1783 cells. In transient transfection studies of the wild-type -2109-bp human uPA promoter in the different grades of cell lines, the uPA promoter activity was increased two-fold in SW1783, anaplastic astrocytoma cells and six-fold in UWR3 glioblastoma cells, as compared with the uPA promoter activity in low-grade H4 cells. Using human uPA promoter chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) constructs with mutations of the AP-1 element at -1967 or the PEA-3 cis element at -1973, the activity of the uPA promoter was decreased 4-fold to 10-fold in all three human glioma cell lines. In transient transfection assays, the uPA promoter was stimulated 2.2-fold in UWR3 and SW1783 cells and 3.7-fold in H4 cells in response to phorbol-12-myristat-13-acetate. We further studied the activation and inhibition of uPA promoter by co-expression of a transactivation domain lacking c-jun: a dominant negative ERK1 and ERK2 mutant and a dominant negative c-raf in glioblastoma cell line showed repressed uPA promoter activity compared with the effect of the empty expression vector. We conclude from our findings that increased transcription is the more likely mechanism underlying the increase in uPA production in high-grade gliomas.
Automatic Transcription of English Broadcast News (1998)

In this paper the Philips Broadcast News transcription system is described. The Broadcast News task aims at the recognition of &quot;found&quot; speech in radio and television broadcasts without any additional side information (e.g. speaking style, background conditions). The system was derived from the Philips continuous mixture density crossword HMM system, using MFCC features and Laplacian densities. A segmentation was performed to obtain sentence-like partitions of the broadcasts. Using data-driven clustering, the obtained segments were grouped into clusters with similar acoustic conditions for adaptation purposes. Gender independent wordinternal and crossword triphone models were trained on 70 hours of the HUB4 training data. No focus condition specific training was applied. Channel and speaker normalization was done by mean and variance normalization as well as VTN and MLLR. The transcription was produced by an adaptive multiple pass decoder starting with phrase-bigram decoding using word-...
Erasure codes with symbol locality and group decodability for distributed storage (2015)

We introduce a new family of erasure codes, called group decodable code (GDC), for distributed storage system. Given a set of design parameters {α; β; k; t}, where k is the number of information symbols, each codeword of an (α; β; k; t)-group decodable code is a t-tuple of strings, called buckets, such that each bucket is a string of βsymbols that is a codeword of a [β; α] MDS code (which is encoded from αinformation symbols). Such codes have the following two properties: (P1) Locally Repairable: Each code symbol has locality (α; β-α+ 1). (P2) Group decodable: From each bucket we can decode αinformation symbols. We establish an upper bound of the minimum distance of (α; β; k; t)-group decodable code for any given set of {α; β; k; t}; We also prove that the bound is achievable when the coding field F has size |F| > n-1 \choose k-1.
A gas nanosensor unaffected by humidity (2009)

The fabrication of a gas nanosensor for detecting ammonia gas in air that is unaffected by humidity is demonstrated. On functionalizing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) networks with a precise amount of camphorsulfonic-acid-doped polyaniline (PANI(CSA)), the opposite electrical resistance responses of the CSA-doped PANI and SWNTs to humid air effectively canceled each other, thereby eliminating any effects of humidity during sensing experiments. The approach should be widely applicable for eliminating undesirable interferences for gas nanosensors.
At the Crossroads of Knowledge Management with Social Software. (2005)

The growing phenomenon of Social Software seems to provide an opportunity to complement the top-down approach based on central knowledge repositories with tools that are simpler, smarter and more flexible. This article includes a brief description of the main categories of Social Software – weblogs, wikis and social networking sites followed by an analysis of their utilisation in relation to the five core Knowledge Management activities of the Knowledge Management taxonomy proposed by Despres & Chauvel in 1999. Examples that illustrate the support Social Software could provide for knowledge management are presented. Finally, some of the problems that hinder the usage of Social Software tools, together with some of the latest developments and trends in the field are mentioned.
A Component Analog News Studio Center (1987)

The arrival of small-format ENG video recorders using separate luminance and chrominance recording techniques has opened the door for further component processing within a studio center. There are definite advantages to be gained by maintaining component signals throughout the post-production process, and to this end a complete television news center has been built using component processing throughout. In addition, much development work has been done on a MAC-like component transmission system specifically designed to carry ENG signals between remote sites and the studio.
A 0.3 V Cross-Coupled VCO Using Dynamic Threshold MOSFET (2010)

An ultra-low voltage differential voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed and implemented in a 0.13 ¿ m CMOS 1P8M process. The designed circuit topology is an nMOS-core cross-coupled LC-tank VCO, and a self-generated 2nd harmonic ac signal is coupled to the bodies of MOSFETs to enhance the VCO performance. At the supply voltage of 0.3 V, the output phase noise of the VCO is -116.88 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from the carrier frequency of 3.579 GHz, and the figure of merit is -194.43 dBc/Hz. Total power consumption is 0.225 mW. Tuning range is about 240(770) MHz, from 3.39 to 3.63(4.16) GHz, while the control voltage was tuned from 0 V to 0.3(1.0) V.
[Analyses on the effect of community-based intervention on hypertension]. (2003)

The model of management by signing contract between general practitioners and patients in community, proved to be a successful way in the treatment to control high blood pressure.
Abdominal compartment syndrome: does intra-cystic pressure reflect actual intra-abdominal pressure? A prospective study in surgical patients (1999)

BACKGROUND: Abdominal compartment syndrome is defined as the adverse physiologic effects of increased intra-abdominal pressure. Prolonged, unrelieved pressure may lead to respiratory compromise, renal impairment, cardiac failure, shock, and death. Abdominal compartment syndrome is diagnosed by measuring intra-cystic pressure as a reflection of intra-abdominal pressure. To examine the validity of the technique, we conducted a prospective study in surgical patients by directly measuring bladder and abdominal pressures simultaneously during laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a previously described technique. RESULTS: In the present model, the bladder had higher baseline pressures than did the abdomen. Measurements across the bladder wall were not identical, but had high positive correlation coefficient when evaluated on an individual basis. Global analysis of the data for all patients showed a weak correlation coefficient. CONCLUSION: In the present study model, intra-cystic pressure did not reflect actual intra-abdominal pressure. In spite of some limitations in the study design, we feel that further research is warranted to identify other possible variables that may play a role in the relationship between the urinary bladder and the abdominal cavity pressures, providing better means for diagnosis of abdominal compartment syndrome.
Design and implementation of a P2P shared Web browser using JXTA (2003)

The most shared applications use the client/server model in which, however a server is usually very complex and heavy since all of group managements are done by the server and sometimes becomes a communication bottleneck as all of date exchange among group members are mediated via it. To solve the above problems, our shared browser adopted a pure peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture without using any server A group member or a device called a peer dynamically finds other peers via distributed searching, and directly exchange data with other peers. It supports not only sharing a Web document in a peer group but also synchronously viewing the document and manipulating the browser with further support of some group users' awareness information like a user's moving a cursor, entering a new URL and clicking a hyperlink. It is implemented using JXTA protocols and Java programming language. To make the system applicable over the Internet across firewalls and NATs, the HTTP protocol can be used to transfer data via a pipe, a communication mechanism in JXTA.
A simple geometric algorithm to predict optimal starting gantry angles using equiangular‐spaced beams for intensity modulated radiation therapy of prostate cancer (2007)

A fast, geometric beam angle optimization (BAO) algorithm for clinical intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was implemented on ten localized prostate cancer patients on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0126 protocol. The BAO algorithm computed the beam intersection volume (BIV) within the rectum and bladder using five and seven equiangular-spaced beams as a function of starting gantry angle for comparison to the V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy. A mathematical theory was presented to explain the correlation of BIV with dose and dose-volume metrics. The class solution 'W' pattern in the rectal V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy as a function of starting gantry angle using five equiangular-spaced beams (with two separate minima centered near 20 degrees and 50 degrees) was reproduced by the 5 BIV within the rectum. A strong correlation was found between the rectal 5 BIV and the rectal V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy as a function of starting gantry angle. The BAO algorithm predicted the location of the two dosimetric minima in rectal V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy (optimal starting gantry angles) to within 5 degrees. It was demonstrated that the BIV geometric variations for seven equiangular-spaced beams were too small to translate into a strong dosimetric effect in the rectal V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy. The relatively flat distribution with starting gantry angle of the bladder V 75 Gy and V 70 Gy was reproduced by the bladder five and seven BIV for each patient. A geometric BAO method based on BIV has the advantage over dosimetric BAO methods of simplicity and rapid computation time. This algorithm can be used as a standalone optimization method or act as a rapid calculation filter to reduce the search space for a dosimetric BAO method. Given the clinically infeasible computation times of many dosimetric beam orientation optimization algorithms, this robust geometric BIV algorithm has the potential to facilitate beam angle selection for prostate IMRT in clinical practice.
The river blindness drug <scp>I</scp> vermectin and related macrocyclic lactones inhibit <scp>WNT</scp> ‐ <scp>TCF</scp> pathway responses in human cancer (2014)

Constitutive activation of canonical WNT-TCF signaling is implicated in multiple diseases, including intestine and lung cancers, but there are no WNT-TCF antagonists in clinical use. We have performed a repositioning screen for WNT-TCF response blockers aiming to recapitulate the genetic blockade afforded by dominant-negative TCF. We report that Ivermectin inhibits the expression of WNT-TCF targets, mimicking dnTCF, and that its low concentration effects are rescued by direct activation by TCF(VP16). Ivermectin inhibits the proliferation and increases apoptosis of various human cancer types. It represses the levels of C-terminal β-CATENIN phosphoforms and of CYCLIN D1 in an okadaic acid-sensitive manner, indicating its action involves protein phosphatases. In vivo, Ivermectin selectively inhibits TCF-dependent, but not TCF-independent, xenograft growth without obvious side effects. Analysis of single semi-synthetic derivatives highlights Selamectin, urging its clinical testing and the exploration of the macrocyclic lactone chemical space. Given that Ivermectin is a safe anti-parasitic agent used by > 200 million people against river blindness, our results suggest its additional use as a therapeutic WNT-TCF pathway response blocker to treat WNT-TCF-dependent diseases including multiple cancers.