gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A method for detecting antibody internalization in drug targeting. (2000)

BCM43/2E5 monoclonal antibody with a specificity for human ovarian carcinoma was evaluated for its binding and internalization behaviour on both fixed and live cells. Internalization of this antibody by the targeted cells was demonstrated by ELISA, flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase. At reduced temperatures or in the presence of electron transfer blockers, internalization of bound antibody was prevented. This method is rapid and reproducible and may be used efficiently for the selection of antibodies suitable for drug targeting in cancer therapy.
An Integrated Thermopile-Based Sensor with a Chopper-Stabilized Interface Circuit for Presence Detection (2019)

This paper presents a sensor-readout circuit system suitable for presence detection. The sensor consists of a miniaturized polysilicon thermopile, realized employing MEMS micromachining by STMicroelectronics, featuring a responsivity value equal to 180 V/W, with 13 ms response time. The readout circuit is implemented in a standard 130-nm CMOS process. As the sensor output signal behaves substantially as a DC, the interface circuit employs the chopper technique in order to minimize offset and noise contributions at low frequency, achieving a measured input referred offset standard deviation equal to 1.36 μ V. Measurements show that the presented system allows successfully detecting the presence of a person in a room standing at 5.5 m from the sensor. Furthermore, the correct operation of the system with moving targets, considering people either walking or running, was also demonstrated.
Heat transfer analysis in the thermal compression bonding for CoW process (2016)

We report the results of heat transfer analysis of CoW (chip on wafer) process in which IC chips are bonded on a Si wafer by using thermal compression bonding (TCB). The throughput can be remarkably improved because a lot of chips can be pre bonded on a wafer by using non-conductive film (NCF) which is pre-applied adhesive and can be thermally pressed at a time. However, to realize this process, it is necessary to reduce the heat influence on adjacent chips and to suppress the heat conducting to a substrate from the bonding head. In this research, we analyzed the temperature distribution in NCF layer, and the behavior of heat conduction from the bonding head to the adjacent chips. As a result, it was found that thermal influence on the adjacent chips was small in the case of thin substrate but the bonding temperature also decreased, especially in peripheral part of NCF layer. In addition, we proved that it is possible to prevent the reduction of the bonding temperature with heat insulation stage, and to decrease the thermal influence to adjacent chips by using air cooling system.
Development of a polarization-preserving optical-fiber probe for near-field scanning optical microscopy and the influences of bending and squeezing on the polarization properties (2005)

We have characterized the optical properties of a polarization-preserving near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) optical fiber probe, and evaluated the influence of probe fabrication processes, such as melting-pulling and bending, on those properties. We found that the extinction ratio always decreases on the linearly polarized light parallel to the slow axis, and that the decrease is independent of the direction in which the probe is bent. The most probable cause of the low extinction ratio is the isotropic compression stress occurring when the fiber is squeezed; such stress cancels out the tensile stress applied to the core by stress applicators. Using the polarization-preserving NSOM probe, we observed the optical properties of the propagation light within a polymeric optical waveguide in guide-collection mode, and investigated those properties with various polarization conditions of incident light and probe collection.
Zinc(II)‐selective ratiometric fluorescent probe based on perylene bisimide derivative (2010)

A fluorescent probe of N,N'-biscyclohexyl-1,7-di(3-pyridoxy)-perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide has been synthesized, and exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity for Zn(2+) over other competing biological cations. The Zn(2+) -selective fluorescence blue-shift and enhancing property in conjunction with a visible colorimetric change from orange to green could be observed. With favorable photophysical properties in the visible region, the perylene bisimide derivatives remarkably improved the performance of the probe.
The characterization of the Chesapeake Bay : (1983)

With L'vov Platform.b ( NH^) ^HPO^used in matric modification.c Ramp mode used for first 20 seconds. DETERMINATION OF PARTICULATE FRACTION BY GFAASThe solids which were collected on 0.45 ym filters were prepared by transferring each filter to a Teflon beaker.Then, 5 mL of high purity HN0 3 and 1 mL of high purity HF were added and the solution warmed.After the filter had decomposed, 5 mL of high purity HC10 4 was added and the sample solution evaporated to near dryness.The solids were then dissolved in 1 mL of high purity HN0 3 and 5 mL of water and then transferred to 10 mL volumetric flask.As one means of quality control, trace elements in water (NBS Standard Reference Material 1643a) was treated as a sample and analyzed in conjunction with the dissolved water samples.The results of these analyses are presented in Tables 2 and3.Additionally, both NAA and GFAAS techniques analyzed certain elements in common, such as Ni.TABLE 2. TRACE ELEMENTS IN WATER -SRM 1643a ANALYZED USING CHELATION AND NAA Concentration --ng/g Element This Work 3 CertifiedĈ d 10.1 ± 0.5 10 ± 1 Co 19 ± 1 19 ± 2 Cr 16 ± 2 17 ± 2 Cu 19.1 ± 0.6 18 ± 2 Fe 88 ±16 +i 00 00 4 Mn 30.9 ± 0.6 31 ± 2 Mo 97 ± 6 95 ± 6 Ni 56 ± 8 55 ± 3 V 52 ± 1 53 ± 3 Zn 68 ± 5 72 ± 4 ^Uncertainties are 2s.^Uncertainties are at the 95% confidence limit.
High-performance monolithically-integrated E/D mode InAlN/AlN/GaN HEMTs for mixed-signal applications (2010)

Monolithically-integrated E- and D-mode InAlN/AlN/GaN HEMTs for mixed-signal applications have been demonstrated. For devices with gate lengths of 144 nm, peak tranconductances of 0.92 S/mm and 0.84 S/mm have been obtained for E- and D-mode devices, respectively, while maximum drain currents of 1.84 A/mm and 1.9 A/mm have been measured for E- and D-mode devices. RF performance is also well-matched, with E-mode devices exhibiting f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> 's of 94 GHz and f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</inf> 's of 176 GHz, while D-mode devices had f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> 's of 94 GHz and f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</inf> 's of 174 GHz. Ring oscillators have been fabricated to demonstrate the technology.
Resistance of Diploid<i>Vaccinium</i>spp. to the Fruit Rot Stage of Mummy Berry Disease (2001)

Mummy berry disease caused by Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi is the most widespread economically important problem of cultivated blueberry in North America. In an attempt to identify new sources of resistance to the fruit rot (mummification) phase of mummy berry, 140 accessions from a total of 21 populations from seven wild diploid species of blueberry were evaluated for resistance under greenhouse conditions. Six isolates of M. vaccinii-corymbosi from three states were used as inoculum. A highly resistant response to mummy berry fruit rot was exhibited by all accessions of Vaccinium boreale, V. myrtilloides, V. pallidum, and V. tenellum, and by most accessions of V. darrowi. Most of the V. corymbosum and V. elliottii accessions were moderately to highly susceptible. Introgression of the resistance found in the wild diploid species into horticulturally desirable cultivars could significantly improve available resistance.
Electrocardiographic and troponin T changes in acute ischaemic stroke (2006)

ECG changes are prevalent in acute ischaemic stroke. ST depression and Q waves are related to an increase in TnT, suggesting that these ECG changes may indicate coexisting ischaemic heart disease. A rise in TnT predicts a poor outcome. Patients with acute ischaemic stroke should be offered adequate treatment with secondary prevention and preferably a follow-up with focus on cardiologic as well as neurological aspects.
Structural Aspects of the Lattice Thermal Expansion of Hexagonal Cordierite (1987)

The mechanism of lattice thermal expansion in pure hexagonal cordierite prepared by glass devitrification was investigated by time‐of‐flight neutron powder diffraction at temperatures from 22° to 750°C under vacuum. Full matrix least‐squares refinement of the diffraction spectra was carried out in space group P6/mcc using the Rietveld method. The structural data from the refinements were resolved into components parallel and normal to the c axis. The negative c axis expansion results from two effects: (1) increasing distortion of the T 2 tetrahedral (ring tetrahedra) with temperature, primarily due to displacement of the T 2 cations toward the c‐axis channels in the structure; (2) decreasing distortion of the T 1 /M tetrahedra/ octahedra with increasing temperature, due to octahedral I (M‐O 1 ) bond expansion and an associated decrease in torsional distortion of the T 1 tetrahedra.
Integral Image Optimizations for Embedded Vision Applications (2008)

This paper illustrates the importance of both algorithmic and embedded software techniques for an optimal embedded implementation of an image analysis and computer vision function: the integral image. A naïve, straightforward implementation of the integral image on an embedded processor will likely produce an unacceptable execution time. However, by applying recursion and double buffering, one can improve execution time by several orders of magnitude. We compare execution times and memory utilization for each of the optimization techniques applied. These techniques can also be applied to implement other computer vision functions on programmable processor architectures.
Reactive absorption of NOx using wet discharge plasma reactor (1995)

In this paper, the authors report the results of laboratory experiments on NO/sub x/ removal (DeNOx) using a nonthermal plasma process. Studies were conducted on a dry-type plasma reactor and several wet-type reactors to evaluate DeNOx efficiency. The reactor geometry was coaxial with an inner discharge electrode and an outer ground electrode wrapped on an insulating glass tube. Simulated flue gas was used in the experiment. The dry-type reactor performed better with the addition of ammonia and water vapor to the simulated gas. In the wet-type reactors, water and NaOH solution were used as absorbents and DeNOx performance was found to be the same in each case. Also, with water as the absorbent and with its pH value dropping below 3, the performance of the wet-type reactors remained constant. Studies on wet-type reactors, further, suggested that about half of NO removed by the plasma was dissociated into N/sub 2/ and O/sub 2/ and the rest was absorbed by water. The studies indicate that wet-type reactors performed better than the dry-type reactor in the removal of NO/sub x/.
Sinomenine ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration via inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. (2019)

Taken together, the results of the present study indicated sinomenine could ameliorate rat IDD via induction of autophagy <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of sinomenine in the prevention of IDD.
Arthritis 2 Spondyloarthritis (2011)

Spondyloarthritis is a group of several related but phenotypically distinct disorders: psoriatic arthritis, arthritis related to inflammatory bowel disease, reactive arthritis, a subgroup of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis (the prototypic and best studied subtype). The past decade yielded major advances in the recognition of spondyloarthritis as an entity, the classification of the disease, and understanding of the genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of disease-related inflammation and tissue damage. In parallel, new clinical and imaging outcomes have allowed the assessment of various therapeutic modalities. Blockers of tumour necrosis factor are a major therapeutic advance, but the exact roles of physiotherapy, and treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other biological treatments are unknown. The major challenges with direct relevance for clinical practice for the next decade are the development of techniques for early diagnosis, therapeutic modulation of structural damage, and, ultimately, induction of long-term, drug-free remission.
Finding Strong Groups of Friends among Friends in Social Networks (2011)

Over the past few years, the rapid growth and the exponential use of social digital media has led to an increase in popularity of social networks and the emergence of social computing. In general, social networks are structures made of social entities (e.g., individuals) that are linked by some specific types of interdependency such as friendship. Most users of social media (e.g., Face book, Google+, Linked In, My Space, Twitter) have many linkages in terms of friends, connections, and/or followers. Among all these linkages, some of them are more important than another. For instance, some friends of a user may be casual ones who acquaintances met him at some points in time, whereas some others may be friends that care about him in such a way that they frequently post on his wall, view his updated profile, send him messages, invite him for events, and/or follow his tweets. In this paper, we apply data mining techniques to social networks to help users of the social digital media to distinguish these important friends from a large number of friends in their social networks.
Modelación estocástica de lluvias horarias (2004)

En este artículo se presenta un modelo estocástico para analizar y simular lluvias horarias. El modelo que genera la ocurrencia de lluvias es un modelo periódico discreto autoregresivo de orden 1, denominado PDAR y aquél que genera las intensidades es uno estacionario autoregresivo (AR) de orden 1. Éste último requiere que las lluvias se transformen a una variable normal. La estimación de parámetros del modelo PDAR se hizo por el método de momentos mientras que para la estimación del modelo AR se utilizaron dos métodos: en el Método 1, las medias y desviaciones típicas horarias de la variable transformada (parámetros del modelo) se estimaron a fin de preservar las medias y las desviaciones típicas horarias obtenidas de la muestra histórica; en el Método 2, las medias y desviaciones típicas horarias de la variable transformada se estimaron directamente a partir de la muestra transformada. El modelo y métodos descritos anteriormente se probaron utilizando los datos horarios de lluvias del mes de Julio en una estación de Denver, Colorado del periodo 1949-1990. Además se analizaron los datos de 4, 6, 12, y 24 horas. La capacidad del modelo y métodos de estimación se probaron sobre la base de comparar estadísticas obtenidas del modelo ya sea directamente o por simulación con aquéllas obtenidas de la muestra histórica. Dichas estadísticas incluyeron medias y desviaciones típicas horarias y las probabilidades horarias de periodos secos (o aquéllas para la escala de tiempo considerada) así como la media y desviación típicas de las lluvias diarias. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el modelo PDAR-AR con el Método 1 de estimación es capaz de reproducir razonablemente bien las estadísticas históricas de las lluvias para varias escalas de tiempo.
Evaluation of the Performance of Microwave-Induced Plasma Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (MIP-AAS) (1993)

An innovative method of MIP-AAS has been developed. The sample solution was introduced by using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The desolvation was accomplished by a heating tube and a combination of a water-cooled condenser and a concentrated sulfuric acid desiccator. Both an L-shaped and a T-shaped plasma discharge tube were used as the absorption cell in the experiment. The experimental parameters were carefully examined and optimized for the elements studied. Some comparison of properties for these two different absorption tubes was made, and the analytical performance of MIP-AAS was evaluated. The characteristic concentrations obtained in this work were shown to be around ppb under the optimized experimental conditions for 12 elements. Good repeatability and accuracy were achieved. The analytical figures of merit were found to be much better than those obtained by ICP-AAS and previous MIP-AAS experiments and comparable to or even better than the best reported values of flame AAS.
Securing applications on Linux with PAM (2002)

Make your new authentication technology work with Linux applications or add standards-based authentication to your new application.
Frequent alterations of the p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a) genes in primary central nervous system lymphomas. (2001)

To elucidate the role of p53/p16(INK4a)/RB1 pathways in the tumorigenesis of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs), we have analyzed p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), RB1, p21(Waf1), and p27(Kip1) status in a series of their 18 sporadic cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, using methylation-specific PCR, differential PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Homozygous deletion or methylation of p14(ARF) was detected in 10 (56%) PCNSLs, and they were almost entirely deletions (except 1 case). A total of 11 (61%) PCNSLs demonstrated homozygous deletion (6 cases) or methylation (5 cases) of p16(INK4a). Six tumors showed both p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a) homozygous deletions. Hypermethylation of the RB1 and the p27(Kip1) promoter region was detected in 2 (11%) cases, whereas p21(Waf1) methylation was not detected in any. Immunohistochemistry revealed loss of p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a) expression in 10 (56%) samples, correlating with the gene status. Four cases showed independent negative immunoreactivity for pRB and p27(Kip1), and nearly one-half of cases (8 of 18; 44%) were characterized by lack of p21(Waf1) expression. These results indicate that inactivation of p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a) by either homozygous deletion or promoter hypermethylation represents an important molecular pathogenesis in PCNSLs. Hypermethylation of RB1, p21(Waf1), and p27(Kip1) appears to be of minor significance, these genes being independently methylated in PCNSLs.
Operation of Ultra-High-Frequency Vacuum Tubes (1935)

Previous electronics analyses are extended by the introduction of more general boundary conditions. The results are applied to the calculation of the rectifying properties of diodes at very high frequencies and to the amplifying properties of negative grid triodes at both low and high frequencies. The effect of space charge on the various capacitances in triodes is discussed, and formulas for the amplification factor and plate impedance are presented in terms of the tube geometry. Finally, a discussion of the input impedance of negative grid triodes is given together with a comparison of the theoretical value with the results of measurements made by several well-known experimenters.
Cyclotron Radiation from a Hot Plasma (1961)

Calculations of the incoherent cyclotron radiation from a hot plasma, based upon the single-particle model of Trubnikov and Bazhanova are presented. It is shown that the emission at frequencies higher than the blackbody cutoff frequency is not negligible under certain conditions, especially since it is relatively unaffected by proposed reflectors. An approximate absorption coefficient, which is inferred from the calculations, is used to obtain the real part of the refractive index from the Kramers-Kronig transform for comparison with the results of Drummond and Rosenbluth.
Scattering mechanism and reduction of insertion losses in a laminated polarization splitter (1994)

We experimentally found the unexpected phenomena of scattering in laminated polarization splitters (LPS's) composed of a-Si:H-SiO(2) multilayer and studied its mechanism. The scattering phenomena strongly depend on the incident angle and polarization of the incident light. To reduce the scattering loss in LPS's, a multilayer with flat layer boundaries is fabricated with rf bias sputtering. As a result, the insertion loss of the LPS is reduced to ~ 1 × 10(-3) dB/ µm, which is acceptable for practical uses.
Synthesis of HIV Protease Inhibitor ABT-378 (Lopinavir) (2000)

A large scale process for the synthesis of HIV protease inhibitor candidate ABT-378 has been developed which utilizes an intermediate common to the synthesis of ritonavir, Abbott's first generation compound. The synthesis relies on the sequential acylation of this intermediate which is carried through as a mixture of diastereomers until the penultimate step. A synthesis of acid 5, derived from l-valine, is also reported.
Protein-Conjugated Quantum Dots Effectively Delivered into Living Cells by a Cationic Nanogel (2008)

Quantum dots (QDs) have attracted attention for their potential as a cell imaging regent. However, the development of effective intracellular delivery system for QDs is needed to apply various cell lines without affecting cellular function. We reported here new QDs delivery system by using cationic nanogel consisting of cholesterol-bearing pullulan modified with an amino group (CHPNH2). The uptake of hybrid nanoparticles into HeLa cells was followed by flow cytometry, and confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Protein-conjugated QDs were effectively internalized into cells by the nanogel compared with a cationic liposome system. The hybrid nanoparticle was used to stain rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) so as to evaluate their effect on cell function. CHPNH2-QD hybrid nanoparticles remained detectable inside MSCs for at least 2 weeks of culture and had little effect on the in vitro chondrogenic ability of MSCs. The hybrid nanoparticles are a promising candidate as a cell tracer in tissue engineering.
Structure of 6-dodecyl-2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, a new synthetic contact allergen (1988)

C19H30O3, Mr = 306.45, triclinic, P-1, a = 5.453 (1), b = 5.608 (1), c = 30.129 (2) A, alpha = 85.85 (1), beta = 88.66 (1), gamma = 83.02 (1) degree, V = 912.0 (1) A3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.116 Mg m-3, Cu K alpha radiation, lambda = 1.5418 A, mu = 0.548 mm-1, F(000) = 336, T = 296 K, R is 0.040 for 2489 observed unique reflections. The aliphatic side chain is slightly rotated from the quinone ring. The angle between the quinone-ring plane and the mean dodecyl-chain plane is 20.8 (2) degrees. The average Csp3-Csp3 bond lengths and corresponding angles of the side chain are 1.515 (5) A and 113.8 (3) degrees. The average dimensions of the quinone ring are C-C 1.477 (4), C = C 1.337 (4), C = O 1.222 (3) A, C-C-C 118.9 (3), C = C-C 120.6 (3), O = C-C 120.6 (3)degrees. Neighbouring molecules form dimers by C-H...O interactions across centres of symmetry [C(3)...O(3) 3.413 (2) A]. The dimers are linked together via methyl H and carbonyl O along [100] [C(19)...O(3) 3.338 (3) A]; O(3) is a bifurcated acceptor.