gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein-protein interaction between Bacillus stearothermophilus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase subdomains revealed by a bacterial two-hybrid system. (2001)

We have recently developed a bacterial two-hybrid system (BACTH), based on functional complementation between two fragments of the catalytic domain of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (AC), that allows an easy in vivo screening and selection of functional interactions between two proteins in Escherichia coli. In this work, we have further explored the potentialities of the BACTH system to study protein-protein interactions, using as a model, the interactions between various subdomains of the dimeric tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) of Bacillus stearothermophilus. Using the BACTH system we confirmed the known interactions of the alpha/beta domains and those between the alpha/beta domain and the alpha domain that could be anticipated from the three-dimensional structure of TyrRS. Interestingly, the BACTH system revealed the unexpected interaction between the TyrRS alpha domains which is presumably mediated by a pseudo-leucine zipper motif. This study illustrates the interest of the bacterial two-hybrid system to delineate interacting domains of proteins and shows that it can reveal interactions that occur in vivo and that were not anticipated from the three-dimensional structure of the protein of interest.
XI. Personalexekution und cessio bonorum im römischen Reichsrecht (1922)

Article XI. Personalexekution und cessio bonorum im römischen Reichsrecht was published on August 1, 1922 in the journal Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung (volume 43, issue 1).
ChemInform Abstract: Carbazolo[2,1‐a]carbazole Derivatives (VII) via Fischer Indole Synthesis. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High dynamic range texture compression for graphics hardware (2006)

In this paper, we break new ground by presenting algorithms for fixed-rate compression of high dynamic range textures at low bit rates. First, the S3TC low dynamic range texture compression scheme is extended in order to enable compression of HDR data. Second, we introduce a novel robust algorithm that offers superior image quality. Our algorithm can be efficiently implemented in hardware, and supports textures with a dynamic range of over 10 9 :1. At a fixed rate of 8 bits per pixel, we obtain results virtually indistinguishable from uncompressed HDR textures at 48 bits per pixel. Our research can have a big impact on graphics hardware and real-time rendering, since HDR texturing suddenly becomes affordable.
A Masking Approach for Anisotropic Silicon Wet Etching (2001)

A new simple and rapid room-temperature silicon masking approach based on the exposure of silicon to -based plasma is presented. This plasma treatment leads to silicon surface modifications appropriate for masking purposes during anisotropic etching in ethylenediamine-pyrocatechol-water (EPW) solutions. The resistance of the mask to EPW etching solutions is studied as a function of plasma radio frequency power and pressure, plasma duration, silicon surface preparation, and aging. Mask resistance increases with increasing power density and decreasing pressure. Plasma duration has a significant effect on the temporal and spatial pattern of defects that evolve during etching and lead eventually to mask destruction. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
An adaptive load monitoring solution for logically centralized SDN controller (2016)

The recent emerging concept in the networking world is known as SDN (Software-Defined Network). SDN architecture introduced the new methods of network management and configuration. It makes underlying networking devices as simply just packet forwarding units and leaving the control logic on centralized software program to dictate the entire network behavior. In logically centralized SDN architecture the switches are statically assigned to controllers regardless of actual load of individual controllers. One of the key concern of network operators is to efficiently monitor the actual load of individual controllers in a logically centralized SDN environment. In this paper, we propose an adaptive solution to monitor the actual load of a SDN controller for efficient utilization in a logically centralized SDN architecture. We proposed a load monitoring solution which is combination of ONOS (Open Network Operating System) based collection manager and collectd based “onos write” plugin/module that act as an agent on SDN controllers. Our proposed solution helps to overcome the under-utilization and over-utilization of a controller implemented in logically centralized SDN environment. The results show that our proposed monitoring system gives a comprehensive statistical view of individual controller's load.
Estimation of Soil Moisture Profile and Diffusivity Using Simple Laboratory Procedures (2010)

Diffusivity is one of the main soil hydraulic properties. It is a critical parameter for the prediction of water transport within the vadose zone. The aim of this research was to generate the soil moisture profile from very simple measurements such as sorptivity, distance of the wetting font in transformed coordinates, and initial and final water contents. The objective was to use a complex empirical function with three constants to generate the transformed soil moisture profile by treating the whole process as an optimization problem. The required conditions are that the constants of the empirical function are computed so that the analytically computed sorptivity agrees with the experimental one, and at the beginning and at the end of the transformed soil moisture profile, the water content is the final and the initial correspondingly. Once an analytic function for the transformed soil moisture profile is determined, then diffusivity is calculated analytically. As an added verification of the accuracy of the analytic diffusivity function produced by this method, diffusivity results were used as input in Philip's semianalytic method to verify that the transformed soil moisture profiles can be regenerated. Integral continuity is preserved throughout the process.
The thin SOI TGLDMOS transistor: a suitable power structure for low voltage applications (2007)

This paper is addressed to the analysis of the trench gate LDMOS transistor (TGLDMOS) in a thin SOI technology and to investigate its suitability for low voltage power applications. The static and dynamic performances have been extensively analyzed by means of numerical simulations and compared with a conventional thin SOI power LDMOS transistor. The specific on-state resistance of the analyzed TGLDMOS structure is lower than that of the LDMOS counterpart, but the structure design has to be optimized to minimize the added contributions to the parasitic capacitances. In this sense, a modified TGLDMOS is also proposed to reduce the gate–drain capacitance and to increase the frequency capability. The expected electrical performance improvements of both TGLDMOS and modified TGLDMOS power transistors corroborate their suitability for 80 V switching and amplifying applications.
Modified FDK half-scan (MFDKHS) scheme on flat panel detector-based cone-beam CT (2005)

A modified Feldkamp (FDK) half-scan (MFDKHS) algorithm was developed to conduct the circular half-scan scheme on a flat panel detector (FPD)-based CBCT. X-ray source scans the object in a circular trajectory in the range of 180 degrees plus full fan angle rather than 360 degrees for a full scan. The redundant data is weighted by a weighting function in 3-D case based on the ones proposed by Parker<sup>1</sup>, FDK algorithm is then applied on this weighted data, and another FBP term developed by Dr. Hu is also added to get the final reconstruction. The MFDKHS is expected to correct the attenuation coefficient drop of the reconstructed object associated with FDK in the place where Z (rotation axis) is away from scanning plane and improve the temporal resolution as well.
Early detection of oxacillin-resistant staphylococcal strains with hypertonic broth diluent for microdilution panels (1984)

A total of 292 coagulase-positive and 111 coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were tested in microdilution MIC panels containing 16 to 0.13 microgram of oxacillin per ml diluted in cation-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth with and without an additional 2% NaCl. All strains were tested using the stationary-phase inoculum procedure with an incubation temperature of 35 degrees C. Test results were recorded after 16 to 20 h of incubation; staphylococcal strains susceptible to oxacillin (less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml) were reincubated for 20 to 24 h, and endpoints were determined again. Oxacillin resistance was found in 27 (9%) of the 292 coagulase-positive strains and 39 (35%) of the 111 coagulase-negative strains. Of these resistant strains, 5 (19%) of the 27 coagulase-positive strains and 13 (33%) of the 39 coagulase-negative strains were detected 24 h earlier in cation-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth with 2% NaCl than in cation-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth without the additional NaCl. However, 9 (33%) of the 27 resistant coagulase-positive strains and 10 (26%) of the 39 resistant coagulase-negative strains were detected only after an additional 24 h of incubation. Oxacillin MICs for the 265 coagulase-positive susceptible strains and 72 coagulase-negative susceptible strains were not affected by the additional 2% NaCl. These results support the utility of adding 2% NaCl to the broth diluent for the early detection of oxacillin-resistant staphylococcal strains and the necessity of extended incubation for those strains which initially appear to be susceptible to oxacillin after only 16 to 20 h of incubation.
Conformational effects on P–N–P coupling constants in diphosphinoamines and related compounds (1976)

1 H-{31P} and 31P n.m.r. measurements on the triphosphazanes (Ph2P·NR)2PPh show that J(PNP) is +280 Hz when R = Me and 25.1 Hz when R = Et. A similar marked dependence on the R groups has been found for the diphosphinoamines, Ph2P·NR·PPhCl (R = Me, Et, Prn, Pri, and But)(+334 to –35 Hz), and this may be related to the conformations about the P–N bonds, which are influenced by the stereochemical bulk of R. 1H-{31P} INDOR experiments on the symmetrical diphosphinoamines, Ph2P·NR·PPh2(R = Me, Et, and Pri), indicatethat J(PNP) is much greater when R = Me than when R = Et or Pri.
Characterization of Side Population Cells from Human Airway Epithelium (2008)

The airway epithelium is the first line of contact with the inhaled external environment and is continuously exposed to and injured by pollutants, allergens, and viruses. However, little is known about epithelial repair and in particular the identity and role of tissue resident stem/progenitor cells that may contribute to epithelial regeneration. The aims of the present study were to identify, isolate, and characterize side population (SP) cells in human tracheobronchial epithelium. Epithelial cells were obtained from seven nontransplantable healthy lungs and four asthmatic lungs by pronase digestion. SP cells were identified by verapamil-sensitive efflux of the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342. Using flow cytometry, CD45(-) SP, CD45(+) SP, and non-SP cells were isolated and sorted. CD45(-) SP cells made up 0.12% +/- 0.01% of the total epithelial cell population in normal airway but 4.1% +/- 0.06% of the epithelium in asthmatic airways. All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. CD45(-) SP cells exhibited stable telomere length and increased colony-forming and proliferative potential, undergoing population expansion for at least 16 consecutive passages. In contrast with non-SP cells, fewer than 100 CD45(-) SP cells were able to generate a multilayered and differentiated epithelium in air-liquid interface culture. SP cells are present in human tracheobronchial epithelium, exhibit both short- and long-term proliferative potential, and are capable of generation of differentiated epithelium in vitro. The number of SP cells is significantly greater in asthmatic airways, providing evidence of dysregulated resident SP cells in the asthmatic epithelium. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
The Effect of Ethanol on the Solubilization of Limonene by Nonionic Surfactants (1979)

The effect of ethanol on the aqueous solution in which limonene was solubilized by nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene 2-decyltetradecylethers (PEN) and polxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (HCO), has been studied. The oxyethylene chain length of these surfactants to achieve maximum solubilization at room temperature was affected by adding ethnol. The optimum oxyethylene chain length shifted to shorter chain length with increasing concentration of ethanol. The minimum amount of these suractants to give transparent solutions containing limonene in the range of 0 to 40°C was determined in the respective aqueous solutions. The P/S ratios were calculated from the amount of limonene (P) and the minimum amount of these surfactants (S). We have termed it the limited P/S ratios. The solubillizing power in aqueous solutions of these surfactants was evaluated from the limited P/S ratios. The limited P/S ratios in the case of PEN series increased with increasing concentration of ethanol, but in the case of HCO series those decreased until 2%, and then increased.
Using Data Intensively (1986)

Most commercial organisations have the hardware and software to gather and process as much, if not more, information than they can use. If the amount of information is not controlled it can lead to increases in its cost. The nature of the cost of information is considered and a model proposed which illustrates the way in which data can be used intensively, comprising a marketing, production and financial sector. The more realistic the components of the total model, the better the job it will be able to do at both the tactical and strategic level.
Non-Odor Type of Polyether Modified Silicones for Cosmetic. (1993)

We developed polyether modified silicones as a nonionic w/o type emulsifier for dimethyl polisiloxane.
Medical applications of electronic nose technology (2005)

Electronic nose technology has been developed over the past 15 years in the field of chemistry as an electronic equivalent of the biologic mechanism of smell. Since its inception, it has been well recognized that there is great potential in applying this technology to the field of medicine. This review discusses those areas of medicine in which electronic nose technology has been applied. For each area, this review addresses the scope of the medical problem that has been studied, how the electronic nose technology may help address the medical problem, and the results of such studies to date. Next generation electronic noses will be refined to better analyze specific disease states. This will require further evaluation of the specific volatiles to be tested. This information may then be brought to bear on refinement of the chemistry of the electronic nose sensors, making them more sensitive and specific for the particular disease of interest. The ultimate goal of work in this arena is to make an electronic nose that is portable, fast, inexpensive and, therefore, suitable for use in the examination room or at the bedside, making it facile as a diagnostic tool.
Post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes: an overview (1998)

Expression of a gene can be controlled at many levels, including transcription, mRNA splicing, mRNA stability, translation and post-translational events such as protein stability and modification. The majority of studies to date have focused on transcriptional control mechanisms, but the importance of post-transcriptional mechanisms in regulating gene expression in eukaryotes is becoming increasingly clear. In this short review, selected examples of post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanisms operating in both lower and higher eukaryotes will be used to highlight the plethora of such mechanisms already identified. The underlying theme is that post-transcriptional gene regulation relies on specific RNA-protein interactions that either result in the targeted degradation of the mRNA or prevent access of the ribosome to the translation start codon. Such interactions can occur in the 5' or 3' untranslated regions of an mRNA or within the decoded portion of the molecule. The importance of these regulatory mechanisms in a range of biological systems is also illustrated.
Flip-chip on flex for 3D packaging (2003)

In order to respond to the need for extreme miniaturization, a flip-chip process has been developed. Valtronic is using nonconductive adhesive to attach stud bumped dice without additional underfill. This original process can be applied on rigid and flexible PWBs and is described in this paper. Using a test vehicle, a qualification test program was conducted in order to quantify the limits of the process and verify all specifications required by specific markets such as industrial or medical. The flip-chip process adapts well to flexible polyimide substrates. This enables the flip-chip to be applicable to a wide range of applications, particularly for 3D packaging. First, dice are connected using a flip-chip process on a flat substrate on the flexible circuit. Next, the third dimension is obtained by bending and/or rolling the substrate on itself, accomplishing a 3D package. Finally, the package is completed by soldering on dedicated traces and filling with epoxy if required. This innovative package looks like CSP, where miniature solder balls allow the package to be attached to another substrate (motherboard) through the reflow process. Furthermore, the process offers the possibility of adding SMD components on the back side of the flip-chip areas. To develop this bending/folding method, a full scale module was assembled with daisy chain die. This module was used to evaluate the flip-chip interconnect reliability before and after bending. Finally, a cubical hearing aid module was developed and industrialized. Its final dimensions are 4.5/spl times/4.0/spl times/3.0 mm. The module contains 3 ICs and 18 SMDs.
Gas6 Increases Myelination by Oligodendrocytes and Its Deficiency Delays Recovery following Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination (2011)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Current research has shown that at least in some cases, the primary insult in MS could be directed at the oligodendrocyte, and that the earliest immune responses are primarily via innate immune cells. We have identified a family of receptor protein tyrosine kinases, known as the TAM receptors (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk), as potentially important in regulating both the oligodendrocyte and immune responses. We have previously shown that Gas6, a ligand for the TAM receptors, can affect the severity of demyelination in mice, with a loss of signalling via Gas6 leading to decreased oligodendrocyte survival and increased microglial activation during cuprizone-induced demyelination. We hypothesised TAM receptor signalling would also influence the extent of recovery in mice following demyelination. A significant effect of the absence of Gas6 was detected upon remyelination, with a lower level of myelination after 4 weeks of recovery in comparison with wild-type mice. The delay in remyelination was accompanied by a reduction in oligodendrocyte numbers. To understand the molecular mechanisms that drive the observed effects, we also examined the effect of exogenous Gas6 in in vitro myelination assays. We found that Gas6 significantly increased myelination in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that TAM receptor signalling could be directly involved in myelination by oligodendrocytes. The reduced rate of remyelination in the absence of Gas6 could thus result from a lack of Gas6 at a critical time during myelin production after injury. These findings establish Gas6 as an important regulator of both CNS demyelination and remyelination.
Investigation of the forces produced by a new electromagnetic planar actuator (2002)

A novel electromagnetic planar actuator has been investigated. This type of actuator can be used in positioning systems that require bi-dimensional movement over a plane, e.g. printed circuits movers and numerically controlled (NC) machines. Its design comes as an interesting option to replace the well-known xy tables based on two rotary or on two linear motors since it uses a single actuator to produce planar movement. The position of its mover depends on the resultant force vector. This paper analyses the static forces numerically obtained and compares them to the experimental results measured by means of specifically designed test setup.
The inhibition of spontaneous and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced neutrophil apoptosis by crystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and monosodium urate monohydrate. (2000)

These data support the concept of crystal induced inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis as part of the pathophysiology of the diseases collectively known as crystal induced arthritis.
Molecular-Sieving Capabilities of Mesoporous Carbon Membranes (2008)

The size-sieving properties of a mesoporous carbon membrane were studied via molecular permeation and cyclic voltammetry experiments. Two phenomena, simple diffusion and electrochemically aided diffusion, were investigated. Molecular diffusion through the membrane was caused by a concentration gradient across the membrane and was facilitated by electrosorption of ions under an externally applied electric field. The diffusion of molecules transported through the membrane was characterized by the values of permeability and apparent diffusion coefficient in the membrane. Because larger molecules are more restricted in terms of penetrating the pores, the size-based selectivity of the mesoporous carbon membrane could be readily observed. For example, in the two-component permeation experiment, a high selectivity (alpha=56.9) of anilinium over Rhodamine B was found. It is inferred that the diffusive transport of the larger Rhodamine B molecules with a more extensive retardation comes from the competitive mechanism between the two kinds of molecules in accessing the pore. A series of voltammetric experiments involving a mesoporous carbon membrane immersed in various electrolytes with ions of different sizes allowed the observation of ion-exclusion phenomena. It was found that the size effect is significant for electrochemically aided diffusion and electrosorption processes. The number of cations inside the pores of the membrane decreases with increasing cation size. This phenomenon is due to the size-exclusion effect, which could be demonstrated by the values of electrical double-layer capacitance for sodium, magnesium, and tetrahexylammonium cations, at potentials ranging from negative values to the point of zero charge, corresponding to 86.7, 73.1, and 50.0 F/g, respectively. The findings of this work manifest that the relationship between the pore size and the dimensions of the molecules determines the transport and sorption behavior of nanoporous carbon materials.