gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New differential, compensative current measuring system based on amorphous magnetic circuit (2002)

Original construction of the amorphous core means that only a small part of a total magnetomotive force produced by measured current is compensated by compensating current. The number of turns of a compensative coil is significantly reduced and inductance of the circuit is also decreased. New core construction also yields simplification of the system, in which measured current conductor passes through centre hole of the measuring device. Basic mathematical description of the circuit and results of computer simulations of a field in magnetic circuit are given and discussed. Experimental results of the new type of current measuring system investigation, i.e. I/O characteristic and dynamic abilities are also presented.
A new selective repeat scheme-actual environment performance analysis (2003)

The authors present the extended HDLC-SREJ+REJ (high-level data link control (HDLC) with sequential retransmission (REJ) and selective retransmission (SREJ)) protocol and analyze its throughput efficiency, taking into account actual mechanisms such as checkpointing, timeout, and sequence error detection. The protocol uses an accumulative acknowledge-selective-repeat scheme whereby the efficiency is improved by processing and storing the correct frames received in a SREJ exception condition even after an error detection. The key idea of the analytical approach is the use of a semi-Markov process model and the novel concept of virtual REJ/SREJ exception condition. This concept gives an easy throughput expression and allows investigation of the effect of some simplifications normally used. The numerical results confirm that extended HDLC-SREJ+REJ is better than other accumulative acknowledgement protocols. The results show that the effect of the simplifications is significant for typical terrestrial communications parameters but can be neglected for high-speed satellite communications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Approaches for Calculating Solvation Free Energies and Enthalpies Demonstrated with an Update of the FreeSolv Database (2017)

Solvation free energies can now be calculated precisely from molecular simulations, providing a valuable test of the energy functions underlying these simulations. Here, we briefly review "alchemical" approaches for calculating the solvation free energies of small, neutral organic molecules from molecular simulations, and illustrate by applying them to calculate aqueous solvation free energies (hydration free energies). These approaches use a non-physical pathway to compute free energy differences from a simulation or set of simulations and appear to be a particularly robust and general-purpose approach for this task. We also present an update (version 0.5) to our FreeSolv database of experimental and calculated hydration free energies of neutral compounds and provide input files in formats for several simulation packages. This revision to FreeSolv provides calculated values generated with a single protocol and software version, rather than the heterogeneous protocols used in the prior version of the database. We also further update the database to provide calculated enthalpies and entropies of hydration and some experimental enthalpies and entropies, as well as electrostatic and nonpolar components of solvation free energies.
Animal Models for <scp>SLE</scp> (2002)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in humans is characterized by inflammatory lesions in skin, joints, kidneys, the central nervous system (CNS), and elsewhere. The clinical manifestations are accompanied by autoantibodies to diverse self antigens, mainly but not exclusively derived from the cell nucleus. Autoantibodies are generally believed to cause most of the tissue damage, although direct injury via cell-mediated immunity is also important. This unit describes protocols for the quantitation of SLE-associated autoantibody levels in mouse serum: detection of anti-chromatin antibodies, detection of anti-single and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, and detection of rheumatoid factor. Support protocols for preparing chicken chromatin and dsDNA are included. Also included is an immunoglobulin allotype-specific adaptation of the basic autoantibody ELISA which is useful for measuring antibody production in chimeric animals. The unit includes an ELISPOT protocol for quantitating cells producing anti-chromatin, as well as a method for genotyping mice for the faslpr and fasLgld mutations.
Test Case Generation Based on State and Activity Models. (2010)

We propose a novel testing technique for object-oriented programs. Based on the state and activity models of a system, we construct an intermediate representation, which we have named state-activity diagram (SAD). We generate test cases to achieve state-activity coverage of SADs. We have empirically evaluated the effectiveness of our approach. The results show that the proposed technique could detect seeded integration testing faults which could not be detected by the related approaches.
Studies on the filariasis vector--Culex quinquefasciatus at Kanchrapara, west Bengal (India). (1994)

A nine month entomological and parasitological study was conducted between December 1991 and August 1992, at Kanchrapara, a town of the district North 24-Parganas, West Bengal. The town was found to be endemic for bancroftian filariasis. Microfilaria rate among the human population was 1.9 per cent (35 of 1200 persons). Average man hour density of C. quinquefasciatus was considerably high (31.10) and a higher vector prevalence was seen in summer. The infection and infectivity rates of the natural population of the vector were 2.3 and 0.28 per cent respectively. 9.2 and 1.7 per cent of the human habitations were found to contain infected and infective C. quinquefasciatus. Both infection and infectivity rates were higher during the rainy season than the other seasons.
Synthesis and Characterization of Boranate Ionic Liquids (BILs) (2012)

Straightforward access to hydridoborate-based ionic liquids (BILs) is provided. They fall into a barely developed area of research and are of interest as, for example, reagents for organic synthesis. A series of pure [BH(4)](-) ILs with 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium (BMMIM), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMMIM), 1-propyl-1-methylpiperidinium (PropMPip), and1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium (BMP) cations were prepared. All synthesized ILs are well soluble in CH(2)Cl(2). We developed a procedure that gives clean products with correct elemental analyses. In contrast to earlier reports, which when conducted by us yielded only mixtures of the boranate anion with major halide contamination (maximum [BH(4)](-) content: 77.5 %). These materials can be viewed as the starting material for the (hypothetical) hydrogen-storage redox shuttling sequence between [BH(4)](-) and [B(12)H(12)](2-), in which the triboranate anion [B(3)H(8)](-) is a formal intermediate. Here we also developed a facile route to [B(3)H(8)](-) ILs with [BMMIM](+), [EMMIM](+), [PropMPip](+), and [NBu(4)](+), in which Na[BH(4)] reacts in situ (enhanced by ultrasound) with the solvent CH(2)Cl(2) as the oxidizing agent to give the triboranate IL in high yield and purity according to the equation: 3 [BH(4)](-)+2 CH(2)Cl(2)+[Cat](+)→[B(3)H(8)](-)[Cat](+)+H(2)+2 CH(3)Cl+2 Cl(-). We further investigated this reaction path by additional NMR spectroscopic experiments, powder-XRD analysis, and quantum chemical DFT calculations.
The Random Character of Stock Market Prices (1968)

This work is known to a generation of financial economists having marked the beginnings of the field known as financial econometrics. This edition sets out to show that the text, first written in 1964, is still relevant is still relevant at the beginning of the 21st century.
Standardization for Time and Control Code for Video Tape and Audio Recorders (1970)

This Paper is an Informal progress report of the SMPTE Subcommittee on Video Tape and Audio Time Control Codes.
Synthesis and characterization of hydrophobically modified derivatives of polysaccharides (2011)

Ce travail avait pour principal objectif la synthèse de nouveaux systèmes amphiphiles à base de polysaccharides neutres (guar, hydroxyéthyl guar) ou chargés (acide hyaluronique), par greffage de groupements hydrophobes le long de la chaîne polysaccharidique. La stratégie de synthèse proposée pour ces dérivés amphiphiles repose sur des réactions d'éthérification en milieu basique des polysaccharides à partir d'éthers de glycidyle (époxydes) hydrophobes commerciaux (hexadécyl éther de glycidyle, phényl éther de glycidyle) et non commerciaux (Brij 56 époxyde, OP10 époxyde). Des dérivés de type Brij56® ont été sélectionnés en raison de leur structure chimique particulière, présentant un bloc oligo(éthylène glycol) (OEG) associé à une chaîne alkyle hydrophobe, susceptibles de conduire en milieu aqueux à des propriétés différentes par rapport à des dérivés alkylés classiques du fait de l'hydrophile du bloc OEG. Plusieurs conditions de greffage ont été testées et appliquées également à un dérivé de la cellulose disponible commercialement (hydroxyéthyl cellulose) afin de comparer l'efficacité des réactions en fonction de la nature du polysaccharide. L'analyse du comportement en milieu aqueux des polysaccharides hydrophobiquement modifiés par des mesures de viscosité met en évidence soit des augmentations de viscosité, soit des diminutions. Des analyses plus approfondies combinant la diffusion de la lumière et la spectroscopie de fluorescence en utilisant des sondes hydrophobes ont montré que de telles diminutions pouvaient être expliquées dans certains cas (acide hyaluronique) par la formation de particules de taille nanométrique.
The retention of bacteria on hygienic surfaces presenting scratches of microbial dimensions (2009)

Findings may help describe and evaluate properties of hygienic and easily cleanable surfaces.
Derivatives handbook : risk management and control (1997)

Partial table of contents: DERIVATIVES: RISK AND CONTROL. Risk and Regulation in Derivatives Markets (L. Hentschel & C. Smith). Credit Derivatives (F. Iacono). LEGAL RISK. Risk Reduction Through Multibranch Netting (D. Cunningham & T. Werlen). RISK MEASUREMENT. Assessing Value at Risk for Equity Portfolios: Implementing Alternative Techniques (J. Jordan & R. Mackay). RISK OVERSIGHT. Oversight of Derivative Markets: Who's Responsible for What? (B. Becker & F. Mazur). REGULATION. Functional Regulation (M. Miller). TRANSPARENCY AND DISCLOSURE. Derivatives Address (A. Greenspan). CASE STUDY: METALLGESELLSCHAFT. Derivatives Debacles: Case Studies of Large Losses in Derivatives Markets (A. Kuprianov). Glossary. Index.
In vitro and in vivo activities of monoclonal antibody-alkaline phosphatase conjugates in combination with phenol mustard phosphate (1991)

The prodrug p-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl phosphate (phenol mustard phosphate, POMP) was prepared from p-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenol (phenol mustard, POM) by phosphorylation with phosphoryl chloride, followed by aqueous hydrolysis. It was found that POMP was much less cytotoxic than POM when tested against H2981 human lung and H3396 human breast carcinoma cells in vitro. Pretreatment of the H2981 cells with L6-alkaline phosphatase (L6-AP), a monoclonal antibody conjugate that could bind to cell surface antigens, greatly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of POMP in an immunologically specific manner. Owing to its reduced toxicity in nude mice, larger amounts of POMP compared to POM could be administered. Neither agent exhibited significant in vivo antitumor activity when tested against subcutaneous H2981 tumors in nude mice. However, antitumor activity was observed in animals receiving L6-AP 48 h prior to POMP administration. This level of activity was greater than with the drugs alone, or a combination of 1F5-AP (nonbinding control) with POMP.
â€œYou Shall Not Passâ€â€”tight junctions of the blood brain barrier (2014)

The structure and function of the barrier layers restricting the free diffusion of substances between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the systemic circulation is of great medical interest as various pathological conditions often lead to their impairment. Excessive leakage of blood-borne molecules into the parenchyma and the concomitant fluctuations in the microenvironment following a transient breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during ischemic/hypoxic conditions or because of an autoimmune disease are detrimental to the physiological functioning of nervous tissue. On the other hand, the treatment of neurological disorders is often hampered as only minimal amounts of therapeutic agents are able to penetrate a fully functional BBB or blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier. An in-depth understanding of the molecular machinery governing the establishment and maintenance of these barriers is necessary to develop rational strategies allowing a controlled delivery of appropriate drugs to the CNS. At the basis of such tissue barriers are intimate cell-cell contacts (zonulae occludentes, tight junctions) which are present in all polarized epithelia and endothelia. By creating a paracellular diffusion constraint TJs enable the vectorial transport across cell monolayers. More recent findings indicate that functional barriers are already established during development, protecting the fetal brain. As an understanding of the biogenesis of TJs might reveal the underlying mechanisms of barrier formation during ontogenic development numerous in vitro systems have been developed to study the assembly and disassembly of TJs. In addition, monitoring the stage-specific expression of TJ-associated proteins during development has brought much insight into the "developmental tightening" of tissue barriers. Over the last two decades a detailed molecular map of transmembrane and cytoplasmic TJ-proteins has been identified. These proteins not only form a cell-cell adhesion structure, but integrate various signaling pathways, thereby directly or indirectly impacting upon processes such as cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and transcriptional control. This review will provide a brief overview on the establishment of the BBB during embryonic development in mammals and a detailed description of the ultrastructure, biogenesis, and molecular composition of epithelial and endothelial TJs will be given.
Dynamic Effects in Optically Amplified Networks (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Y. Sun and A. K. Srivastava, "Dynamic Effects in Optically Amplified Networks," in Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications, M. Zervas, A. Willner, and S. Sasaki, eds., Vol. 16 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper SN5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A Terminology Server for Medical Language and Medical Information Systems (1995)

GALEN is developing a Terminology Server to support the development and integration of clinical systems through a range of key terminological services, built around a language-independent, re-usable, shared system of concepts--the CORE model. The focus is on supporting applications for medical records, clinical user interfaces and clinical information systems, but also includes systems for natural language understanding, clinical decision support, management of coding and classification schemes, and bibliographic retrieval. The Terminology Server integrates three modules: the Concept Module which implements the GRAIL formalism and manages the internal representation of concept entities, the Multilingual Module which manages the mapping of concept entities to natural language, and the Code Conversion Module which manages the mapping of concept entities to and from existing coding and classification schemes. The Terminology Server also provides external referencing to concept entities, coercion between data types, and makes its services available through a uniform applications programming interface. Taken together these services represent a new approach to the development of clinical systems and the sharing of medical knowledge.
Studies on Conditioned Responses in Fishes. Part VII. Temperature Perception in Teleosts (1936)

By the use of a “conditioned response” technique it has been shown that teleostean fishes respond “purposively” to an increase in temperature of the water surrounding them of between 0-03° C. and 0-10° C. It is probable that the former figure is true for all the species investigated, but it has only been practicable to establish it with certainty in a few sedentary forms
Prevention of tumour cell dissemination in diagnostic needle procedures (2010)

The herein presented method has the potential to prevent the dissemination of viable tumour cells in the needle track and minimize bleeding without additional pain or degradation of the aspirate.
Some studies on the use of alginates for the placement and controlled release of diquat on submerged aquatic plants (1978)

Abstract Viscous solutions of sodium alginate can be extruded under water in the form of a string which will stick to weeds. The sodium alginate reacts with calcium ions to form an insoluble gel of calcium alginate so that the strings become more firmly attached to the weeds. Diquat dibromide can be incorporated into the alginate and this is slowly released into the water close to the plants. Two experiments are described in which this technique is tested in a fast‐flowing river and for localised control in a lake. Diquat dihromide was found to be effective, when formulated with alginate, on Ranunculus spp. in the river and Groenlandia densa in the lake.
Radiation due to Josephson Oscillations in Layered Superconductors (2007)

We derive the power of direct radiation into free space induced by Josephson oscillations in intrinsic Josephson junctions of layered superconductors. We consider the superradiation regime for a crystal cut in the form of a thin slice parallel to the $c$ axis. We find that the radiation correction to the current-voltage characteristic in this regime depends only on crystal shape. We show that at a large number of junctions oscillations are synchronized providing high radiation power and efficiency in the terahertz frequency range. We discuss the crystal parameters and bias current optimal for radiation power and crystal cooling.
A RECONFIGURABLE BROADBAND DUAL-MODE DUAL-POLARIZED ANTENNA FOR SECTORIAL/OMNIDIRECTIONAL MOBILE BASE STATIONS (2018)

© 2018, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved. This paper proposes a new design of reconfigurable three-sector dual-mode dual-polarized antenna for use primarily in mobile communication base stations. The design offers the flexibility to be used as a sectorial (directive) or omnidirectional base station antenna whenever required. The two different radiating modes (omnidirectional and sectorial) depend only on the excitation scenario. The proposed antenna has the advantages of offering broadband, stable radiation pattern and high polarization purity within the desired frequency band, and a simple feeding structure with a very compact size (less than 800 cm3) and low profile. The achieved fractional bandwidth is 55.3% (1.7 - 3GHz). A prototype antenna was constructed and tested with the two modes of operation. Results demonstrate the principle of the design and show how the design may be packaged in a compact size to offer excellent omnidirectional or sectorial performance which makes this new design an ideal candidate for reconfigurable dual-mode mobile base stations.
A SWEEP TYPE DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL DISCRIMINATOR (1951)

types of gels required for the various oil recovery processes and for different scales of reservoir heterogeneity. During this three-year project, a number of theoretical analyses were performed to determine where gel treatments are expected to work best and where they are not expected to be effective. The most important, predictions from these analyses are presented. Undoubtedly, some of these predictions will be controversial. However, they do provide a starting point in establishing guidelines for the selection of field candidates for gel treatments. A logical next step is to seek field data that either confirm or contradict these predictions. The experimental work focused on four types of gels: (1) resorcinol-formaldehyde, (2) colloidal silica, (3) Cr{sup 3+}(chloride)-xanthan, and (4) Cr{sup 3+}(acetate)-polyacrylamide. All experiments were performed at 41{degrees}C.
Structure and dynamics of polymyxin-resistance-associated response regulator PmrA in complex with promoter DNA (2015)

PmrA, an OmpR/PhoB family response regulator, manages genes for antibiotic resistance. Phosphorylation of OmpR/PhoB response regulator induces the formation of a symmetric dimer in the N-terminal receiver domain (REC), promoting two C-terminal DNA-binding domains (DBDs) to recognize promoter DNA to elicit adaptive responses. Recently, determination of the KdpE-DNA complex structure revealed an REC-DBD interface in the upstream protomer that may be necessary for transcription activation. Here, we report the 3.2-Å-resolution crystal structure of the PmrA-DNA complex, which reveals a similar yet different REC-DBD interface. However, NMR studies show that in the DNA-bound state, two domains tumble separately and an REC-DBD interaction is transiently populated in solution. Reporter gene analyses of PmrA variants with altered interface residues suggest that the interface is not crucial for supporting gene expression. We propose that REC-DBD interdomain dynamics and the DBD-DBD interface help PmrA interact with RNA polymerase holoenzyme to activate downstream gene transcription.
Fatty Acid Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Cold-Pressed Marionberry, Boysenberry, Red Raspberry, and Blueberry Seed Oils (2005)

Cold-pressed marionberry, boysenberry, red raspberry, and blueberry seed oils were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, carotenoid content, tocopherol profile, total phenolic content (TPC), oxidative stability index (OSI), peroxide value, and antioxidant properties. All tested seed oils contained significant levels of alpha-linolenic acid ranging from 19.6 to 32.4 g per 100 g of oil, along with a low ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids (1.64-3.99). The total carotenoid content ranged from 12.5 to 30.0 micromoles per kg oil. Zeaxanthin was the major carotenoid compound in all tested berry seed oils, along with beta-carotene, lutein, and cryptoxanthin. Total tocopherol was 260.6-2276.9 mumoles per kg oil, including alpha-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols. OSI values were 20.07, 20.30, and 44.76 h for the marionberry, red raspberry, and boysenberry seed oils, respectively. The highest TPC of 2.0 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of oil was observed in the red raspberry seed oil, while the strongest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was in boysenberry seed oil extract (77.9 micromol trolox equivalents per g oil). All tested berry seed oils directly reacted with and quenched DPPH radicals in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These data suggest that the cold-pressed berry seed oils may serve as potential dietary sources of tocopherols, carotenoids, and natural antioxidants.