gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early antibiotic administration but not antibody therapy directed against IL-6 improves survival in septic mice predicted to die on basis of high IL-6 levels (2005)

Elevated interleukin (IL)-6 levels correlate with increased mortality following sepsis. IL-6 levels >14,000 pg/ml drawn 6 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) are associated with 100% mortality in ND4 mice, even if antibiotic therapy is initiated 12 h after septic insult. Our first aim was to see whether earlier institution of antibiotic therapy could improve overall survival in septic mice and rescue the subset of animals predicted to die on the basis of high IL-6 levels. Mice (n = 184) were subjected to CLP, had IL-6 levels drawn 6 h later, and then were randomized to receive imipenem, a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent, beginning 6 or 12 h postoperatively. Overall 1-wk survival improved from 25.5 to 35.9% with earlier administration of antibiotics (P < 0.05). In mice with IL-6 levels >14,000 pg/ml, 25% survived if imipenem was started at 6 h, whereas none survived if antibiotics were started later (P < 0.05). On the basis of these results, we examined whether targeted antibody therapy could improve survival in mice with elevated IL-6 levels. A different cohort of mice (n = 54) had blood drawn 6 h after CLP, and then they were randomized to receive either monoclonal anti-IL-6 IgG or irrelevant rat IgG. Anti-IL-6 antibody failed to improve either overall survival or outcome in mice with IL-6 levels >14,000 pg/ml. These results demonstrate that earlier systemic therapy can improve outcome in a subset of mice predicted to die in sepsis, but we are unable to demonstrate any benefit in similar animals using targeted therapy directed at IL-6.
Rheological properties of hydroxypropyl- and sodium carboxymethyl-substituted guar gums in aqueous solution (1982)

The aqueous solutions of guar gum and its hydroxypropyl (HP) and sodium carboxymethyl (sod CM) derivatives are pseudoplastic, and the transition from Newtonian to pseudoplastic occurs in the low-shear-rate range at the concentrations of interest to industries. The flow properties of these polysaccharide solutions were studied in the range of low to moderately high shear rates, using a very simple technique and instrument. The flow of these polysaccharide solutions can be described by equation of state based on Cross model, and the basic rheological parameters, like zero shear rate viscosity (η0), elasticity modulus (G0), and relaxation time (γ0), were calculated from simple and established relations. Master viscosity curves indicate that the molecular weight distribution of native guar gum has not been changed by derivatization. The effect of concentration and temperature on rheological parameters (η0 and γ0) has been studied, and the relations among these were established by simple equations.
Temperature and humidity effects on electro-active paper actuators (2004)

Electro-Active Paper (EAPap) is attractive for EAP actuator due to its merits in terms of lightweight, dry condition, large displacement output, low actuation voltage and low power consumption. A promising EAPap actuator has been developed using cellulose paper. It is necessary to investigate the environmental factors for many applications. The performance variation along with the temperature and humidity is investigated. Tip displacement is measured by laser sensor and the power consumption of EAPap is investigated. When 0.3kV/mm of excitation voltage is applied, more than 4mm of tip displacement is obtained out of 40mm long EAPap sample. Since the power requirement of EAPap is so small(8.8mW/cm<sup>2</sup>), it can be activated by remote microwave power, which is promising for many applications
Catalyst attrition in fluidized‐bed systems (1999)

Abstract Catalyst attrition has often been a major obstacle in the development of new fluidized‐bed processes and it is still of concern for existing processes whenever the catalyst is changed. The main consequence of attrition is the generation of fines and the resulting loss of valuable material. In this work the attrition of FCC catalysts in a fluidized‐bed system consisting of a bubbling bed, cyclone gas cleaning, and external solids recirculation is studied. An approach developed describes the attrition‐induced overall solids loss based on the main attrition sources: grid jet attrition, bubble‐induced attrition, and attrition in the cyclone. Their respective contributions to the overall attrition rate are calculated from separately derived model equations that take into account the design of the system, the operating conditions, and the material properties of the catalysts. The solids entrainment from the bed into the cyclone is shown to have a strong effect on the attrition‐induced loss rate and must therefore be taken into account for an a‐priori prediction.
Experimental Evaluation of Immediate Recanalization Effect and Recanalization Efficacy of a New Thrombus Retriever for Acute Stroke Treatment In Vivo (2012)

In this experimental study, the pREset thrombus retriever showed a high recanalization rate in vivo. High-resolution FPCT allows detailed illustration of the thrombus-device interaction during embedding time and is advocated as an add-on tool to the animal model used in this study.
A Concept for Monitoring of Electronic Contracts (2003)

An agent-based e-commerce environment is regarded as one of the most suitable open environments for electronic marketplaces. Because of agent&apos;s autonomous, reactive and proactive features, agents can, on the one hand, act on behalf of their owner, and use individual strategies to increase the ability to do business; on the other hand, the problem of how to force agents to comply with prescribed behavior and to have e#ective monitoring is more complicated. How to monitor the contract at the fulfillment stage is the key for a reliable, flexible and e#cient, realistic and acceptable e-market which should maintain the benefits among all contractual parties.
BRCA1, PARP, and 53BP1: conditional synthetic lethality and synthetic viability (2011)

BRCA1 plays a critical role in the regulation of homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA double-strand break repair. BRCA1-deficient cancers have evolved to tolerate loss of BRCA1 function. This renders them vulnerable to agents, such as PARP inhibitors, that are conditionally 'synthetic lethal' with their underlying repair defect. Recent studies demonstrate that BRCA1-deficient cells may acquire resistance to these agents by partially correcting their defect in HR-mediated repair, either through reversion mutations in BRCA1 or through 'synthetic viable' loss of 53BP1. These findings and their clinical implications will be reviewed in this article.
Sounding Industry: Challenges and Datasets for Industrial Sound Analysis (2019)

The ongoing process of automation in production lines increases the requirements for robust and reliable quality control. Acoustic quality control can play a major part in advanced quality control systems since several types of faults such as changes in machine conditions can be heard by experienced machine operators but can hardly be detected otherwise. To this day, acoustic detection systems using airborne sounds struggle due to the highly complex noise scenarios inside factories. Machine learning systems are theoretically able to cope with these conditions. However, recent advancements in the field of Industrial Sound Analysis (ISA) are sparse compared to related research fields like Music Information Retrieval (MIR) or Acoustic Event Detection (AED). One main reason is the lack of freely available datasets since most of the data is very sensitive for companies. Therefore, three novel datasets for ISA with different application fields were recorded and published along with this paper: detection of the operational state of an electric engine, detection of the surface of rolling metal balls, and detection of different bulk materials. For each dataset, neural network based baseline systems were evaluated. The results show that such systems obtain high classification accuracies over all datasets in many of the subtasks which demonstrates the feasibility of audio-based analysis of industrial analysis scenarios. However, the baseline systems remain highly sensitive to changes in the recording setup, which leaves a lot of room for improvement. The main goal of this paper is to stimulate further research in the field of ISA.
First-Line Gefitinib in Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Somatic<i>EGFR</i>Mutations (2008)

First-line therapy with gefitinib administered in a genotype-directed fashion to patients with advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations results in very favorable clinical outcomes with good tolerance. This strategy should be compared with combination chemotherapy, the current standard of care.
Regulation of methionine synthesis in <i>Escherichia coli</i> : Effect of <i>metJ</i> gene product and <i>S</i> -adenosylmethionine on the expression of the <i>metF</i> gene (1985)

The regulation of the expression of the Escherichia coli metF gene, which codes for 5,10-methylenetet-rahydrofolate reductase (EC 1.1.99.15), has been investigated by using a simplified DNA-directed in vitro system that measures the formation of the first dipeptide (fMet-Ser) of the gene product. The synthesis of fMet-Ser directed by a plasmid containing the metF gene is specifically inhibited by metJ protein (repressor protein). S-Adenosylmethionine enhances the inhibition by the metJ protein of metF gene expression. The inhibition by the metJ protein is at the level of transcription and the results suggest that S-adenosylmethionine is functioning as an allosteric effector.
Recent Patents on Nanosensor for Tumor Biomarker Detection (2011)

Since cancer has been the biggest threat to our human beings’ health, more and more new patents of medical treatments for cancer detection have been used to make us out of suffering from cancer. Currently, most of patients check out their cancer cell at the late stage when cure is difficult, so early detection of cancer has been demonstrated to significantly important for improving clinical outcomes. But the current clinical methods available for such assessments are slow, expensive and inaccurate. There is a new development of nanosensor technology which makes it possible to detect the tumor earlier. The present paper summarizes recent new discoveries of nanosenor for tumor biomarker detection which allow for low-cost, minimally invasive approach with high sensitivity and specificity by detecting tumor biomarkers from the exhaled breath, proteomic, and molecule etc.
Traffic light control for a single intersection based on wireless sensor network (2009)

In view of the complicated traffic condition in the traffic lights monitoring-control system, the current conventional fixed-cycle traffic light control is unable to make full use of lanes. In this paper, a novel simple and economic way used the fuzzy theory to optimize the control of traffic lights for a single intersection is designed and presented based on wireless sensor network. The traffic flow can be detected by the single-axis magnetic sensors and transmitted by wireless sensor network. In order to realize a real-time dynamic control of traffic lights and to reduce the vehicles' average trip waiting time (ATWT), the time for vehicles passing during the green lights would be dynamically adjusted through the fuzzy algorithm according to the current volume of vehicles. The test results show the lanes would be more unobstructed and the efficiency of vehicles traffic at an intersection would be enhanced. Compared with the traditional fixed-cycle system, it is more suitable to the complexity of current traffic conditions.
Field-Based Motion Coordination in Quake 3 Arena (2004)

Quake 3 Arena (Q3A) belongs to the kind of firstperson shooter computer games. The player controls a character (bot) fighting against other artificial bot agents. The aim of this paper is to present an approach to the problem of coordinating the movements of a set of Q3A bots. The goals of bots’ coordinated movements can be various: letting them to meet somewhere, distribute accordingly to specific spatial patterns, surround an enemy, or simply move in the environment without interfering with each other. To achieve our goal, we take inspiration from the physical world, i.e., from the way particles in our universe move and globally self-organize accordingly to that contextual information which is represented by gravitational and electro-magnetic fields. In our approach, contextual information is expressed in the form of Co-Fields: distributed data structures implementing the field concept. Each agent of the system can generate and propagate across the Q3A environment specific distributed data structures, conveying application-specific information. Agents can locally perceive these data structures and move e.g. following the fields’ gradient (see fig. 1).
Human antibody reactivity against the lower matrix protein (pp65) produced by cytomegalovirus (1995)

The lower matrix protein (pp65) is a major product of many laboratory strains of cytomegalovirus (CMV). It is thus an integral part of many CMV serological assays based on native antigen. Recombinant fragments of pp65 have previously been investigated for their usefulness in more-defined assays. The latter antigens have, however, failed to develop a positive response with serum samples derived from a substantial number of infected individuals. Here we show that the human humoral immune response to CMV pp65 is highly diverse and recognizes at least seven distinct but in some cases partly overlapping epitopes. Most of these epitopes could not be mimicked by any of the investigated recombinant or synthetic antigens. Furthermore, when we investigated the ability of human CMV-seropositive serum samples to block the reactivity of pp65-specific antibodies recognizing five different epitopes within pp65, it was evident that several sera did not contain significant levels of antibodies against any of these or overlapping structures. It was thus concluded that the antibody response against CMV pp65 is weak in some CMV-infected individuals, making this antigen unsuitable for use alone in serological screening systems for CMV infection.
Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction using a molecular cobalt complex deposited on TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (2014)

Hybrid photocatalysts were prepared by depositing a macrocyclic cobalt complex on TiO2 surfaces. Upon UV light irradiation, photoexcited electrons in TiO2 nanoparticles were transferred to the surface cobalt catalyst for CO2 reduction.
A compact single-pass architecture for hysteresis thresholding and component labeling (2010)

Hysteresis thresholding offers enhanced edge/object detection in the presence of noise. However, due to its recursive nature, it requires a lot of memory and execution time. Thus, it is restricted and sometimes totally avoided in streaming processors with limited memory. We propose an efficient architecture coupling hysteresis thresholding with component labeling and feature extraction in a single pass over the image pixels. The operations are performed on the fly while recycling labels to avoid additional passes for handling candidate pixels and extracting object features. Moreover, only one row of compact labels is buffered. Hence, the execution speed of the algorithm is increased and the memory requirements are drastically reduced when compared to state of the art techniques. When implemented on FPGA, this technique promises to offer even more speed up and efficient resource utilization.
Abstract 5047: Synergistic anti-cancer activity of the CDK4/6 inhibitor PD-0332991 in combination with 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in human colon cancer cells (2010)

Abstract Background: The cell cycle activator cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) is overexpressed in many cancers and is a promising target for novel anti-cancer therapies. PD-0332991 (Pfizer, Inc) is a highly specific CDK4/6 inhibitor that has proven anti-cancer efficacy in multiple pre-clinical models, and is currently undergoing Phase II clinical testing in humans. PD-0332991 inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest. Sequential therapy with PD-0332991 followed by DNA damaging cytotoxic chemotherapy could produce additive or synergistic anti-cancer effects. Our goal was to assess the anti-tumor efficacy of a combination of PD-0332991 and cytotoxic chemotherapy in vitro, and in vivo. We also sought to determine the mechanisms of anti-cancer activity seen with combination therapy. Methods: First, using human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, we performed in vitro cell growth assays to determine the effects of a combination of PD-0332991 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or oxaliplatin. Next, we tested the activity of PD-0332991, oral capecitabine (an oral 5-FU prodrug), or both in mice bearing human CRC xenografts. Finally, we assessed the mechanisms of cell death in vitro and in resected xenograft tumor samples. Results: The combination of PD-0332991 and 5-FU or oxaliplatin exhibited additive/synergistic anti-cancer activity, in vitro. Furthermore, synergistic anti-cancer activity was observed in mice bearing xenografts of HCT 116 human CRC cells upon treatment with a combination of PD-0332991 and capecitabine. Virtually no anti-tumor activity was observed in mice treated with PD-0332991 or capecitabine alone. In assessing the mechanism of anti-tumor activity, in vitro and in resected xenograft samples, no increase in apoptosis was observed, as determined by annexin V and TUNEL staining. Even when cells were synchronized in G1 with PD-0332991 and then released and treated with 5-FU or oxaliplatin, there was no increase in apoptosis. Thus, assessment of alternative mechanisms of cell death, including cell senescence and autophagy are ongoing. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate an additive/synergistic anti-tumor activity with the combination of PD-0332991 and traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. The mechanisms of anti-tumor activity have yet to be determined, but are not dependent upon apoptosis. Given the synergistic anti-tumor activity, these results suggest that a clinical trial of PD-0332991 and 5-FU-based chemotherapy is warranted. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5047.
Experiments on active power minimisation (1991)

Active control of sound has been proven as a viable method of controlling low frequency, tonal noise in enclosures. This method of sound control has thus far relied on a strategy of direct minimisation of the acoustic potential energy present in the enclosure. The authors suggest an alternative approach to active control. They consider the power outputs of sources and attempt to manipulate them to produce a desired result
Involvement of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase in Oxidative Stress-mediated Suppression of Insulin Gene Expression (2002)

Oxidative stress, which is found in pancreatic beta-cells in the diabetic state, suppresses insulin gene transcription and secretion, but the signaling pathways involved in the beta-cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress remain unknown. In this study, subjecting rat islets to oxidative stress activates JNK, p38 MAPK, and protein kinase C, preceding the decrease of insulin gene expression. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of dominant-negative type (DN) JNK, but not the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 nor the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X, protected insulin gene expression and secretion from oxidative stress. Moreover, wild type JNK overexpression suppressed both insulin gene expression and secretion. These results were correlated with changes in the binding of the important transcription factor PDX-1 to the insulin promoter; adenoviral overexpression of DN-JNK preserved PDX-1 DNA binding activity in the face of oxidative stress, whereas wild type JNK overexpression decreased PDX-1 DNA binding activity. Furthermore, to examine whether suppression of the JNK pathway can protect beta-cells from the toxic effects of hyperglycemia, rat islets were infected with DN-JNK expressing adenovirus or control adenovirus and transplanted under renal capsules of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nude mice. In mice receiving DN-JNK overexpressing islets, insulin gene expression in islet grafts was preserved, and hyperglycemia was ameliorated compared with control mice. In conclusion, activation of JNK is involved in the reduction of insulin gene expression by oxidative stress, and suppression of the JNK pathway protects beta-cells from oxidative stress.
Comparison of calculated and measured impulse responses of optical fibers (1979)

The principal purpose of this paper is to compare calculated and measured impulse responses of multimode optical fibers to substantiate the validity of the theoretical approach now being used by investigators. To perform the comparison efficiently, a new, practical method of analysis of the impulse response of inhomogeneous optical fibers is presented first. The necessary input data for calculating the impulse response are refractive indices at N points, refractive index in the cladding, core radius, and the wavelength of the light source. The calculated impulse responses are compared with the measured ones for several multimode optical fibers, showing good agreement.
Selecting and using laundry aids (1989)

Published January 1989. Reprinted May 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Long-range order in physical networks of gel-forming triblock copolymer solutions (1999)

Structural studies on physical gels, based on a triblock copolymer and a solvent selective for its midblocks, are presented. Gel formation in such systems arises due to interconnected microdomains that form the junctions in a three-dimensional network. Small angle X-ray scattering studies revealed that the physical networks show either short-range order, described by an effective hard sphere model, or long-range order, where junctions are arranged on a cubic lattice. The emerging morphology depends on the thermal conditions during preparation of such systems, which essentially reflects a competition among microdomain ordering and formation of the physical network. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 1833–1840, 1999
The lectin <i>Dolichos biflorus</i> agglutinin is a sensitive indicator of branching morphogenetic activity in the developing mouse metanephric collecting duct system (2006)

The urine collecting duct system of the metanephric kidney develops by growth and branching morphogenesis of an unbranched progenitor tubule, the ureteric bud. Bud branching is mainly dichotomous and new branches form from existing branch tips, which are also the main sites of cell proliferation in the system. This behaviour, and the fact that some genes (e.g. Wnt11, Sox9) are expressed only in tips, suggests that tip cells are in a specific state of differentiation. In this report, we show that the lectin Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), hitherto regarded and used as a general marker of developing renal collecting ducts, binds to most of the duct system but does not bind to the very tips of growing branches. The zone avoided by DBA corresponds to the zone that expresses Wnt11, and the zone that shows enhanced cell proliferation. If branching of the ureteric bud of cultured embryonic kidneys is inhibited in organ culture, by blocking the kidney's endogenous glial cell-derived neurothrophic factor (GDNF)-based branch-promoting signals, the DBA-binding zone extends to the very end of the tip but is lost from there when branching is re-activated. Similarly, if excess GDNF is provided to growing kidneys, the DBA-free zone expands. DBA-staining status therefore appears to be a sensitive indicator of the morphogenetic activity of the collecting duct system.