gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tissue Interactions in the Regeneration of Rabbit Ear Holes (1972)

SYNOPSIS It a hole is cut through the ear of a rabbit it will fill in by the comergent growth of new tissue from around the margins Centimeter wide holes are usually obliterated in 6 to 8 weeks The regenerated tissues include newly differentiated cartilage and occasional tufts of hair To determine the specificity of skin in this kind of growth that on both sides of the eai was replaced by grafts of belly sVin When holes were subsequently punched through the transplant regions limited regeneration ensued but no new cartilage was produced If sheets of cartilage were removed fiom poitions of rabbit eais and the resultant aieas perforated through the remaining two layers of skin no regeneration whatever occurred Not even the missing cartilage gieu back These remits indicate that replacement of the ciitilaginous sheet requnes the proximity of a healing wound in the oveilying ear skin, ind that skin from clscwhcie on the body canno' support its regeneiation
Differentiating Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia: Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve Analysis of Four Rating Scales (1998)

Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia are two of the most common types of degenerative dementia. In conjunction with a complete neuropsychiatric examination, the Executive Interview, Mini-Mental State Exam, Alzheimer's Disease Scale, Pick's Disease Scale and the Informant-Based Questionnaire have been used to distinguish between these two disorders on clinical grounds. In a review of two studies, scores from these rating scales are subjected to receiver operator characteristic curve analysis to determine the cut-off value for each scale which yields the highest sensitivity and specificity with regard to differentiating between Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Finally, the Informant-Based Questionnaire is discussed and compared to each rating scale to demonstrate the important features and limitations of each.
Determination of Tertiary Amines as Pentafluorobenzyl Carbamates by Electron Capture Gas Chromatography (1974)

Abstract A new, electrophore containing reagent, pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate, is introduced for the direct determination of tertiary amines with electron capture gas chromatography. Use of a base catalyst, Na2CO3, gives complete carbamate formation in less than 30 minutes. The derivatives are stable and have excellent sensitivity in an electron capture detector as the minimum detectable quantity is in the order of 1 × 10−16 moles/sec or corresponding to about 3 pg in an injected sample. The reagent has been tested for quantitative determinations in the range 12–120 μg/ml with the recovery 100 ± 2.6% at the 60 μg/ml level. Key Words: Electron capture detectiontertiary aminepentafluorobenzyl carbamatepentafluorobenzyl chloroformate
Summary of the 22nd United States-Japan Joint Cholera Conference (1987)

Journal Article Summary of the 22nd United States-Japan Joint Cholera Conference Get access Robert Edelman, Robert Edelman From the Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and The Division of Geographic Medicine, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Robert Edelman, Building 31, Room 7A52, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Bradley Sack, R. Bradley Sack From the Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and The Division of Geographic Medicine, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nobuya Ohtomo Nobuya Ohtomo From the Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and The Division of Geographic Medicine, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 155, Issue 6, June 1987, Pages 1352–1356, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/155.6.1352 Published: 01 June 1987
Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Coated Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Electrode with Enhanced Cycle Performance for Lithium Ion Battery (2014)

Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anode was prepared by traditional doctor blade method. The as-prepared electrode was coated with a thin Al 2 O 3 layer by a facile radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering afterwards. The structure and morphology were characterized by XRD and SEM. The electrochemical performance was collected by galvanostatic discharge-charge tests. The measuring potential range was between 0.01 V and 3.0 V. The reversible capacity was as high as 194 mAh/g when discharge/charged at a current density of 35 mA/g. The coating layer did not hinder the performance under high current density, showing the discharge capacity of 134 mAh/g at 175 mA/g. The capacity retention after 100 cycles at 88 mA/g is 91%, much higher than that of the pristine Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 electrode. The greatly improved cycle stability was attributed to the reduced polarization and the enhanced integrity of the electrode structure.
Hepatitis B x antigen and p53 are associated in vitro and in liver tissues from patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. (1993)

To test the hypothesis that hepatitis B x antigen (HBxAg) binds to the tumor-suppressor protein p53, immunoprecipitation was carried out with monoclonal anti-x or monoclonal anti-p53 using radiolabeled HBxAg and p53 made by in vitro translation. The results showed that anti-p53 specifically immunoprecipitates HBxAg only in the presence of p53 and that anti-x specifically immunoprecipitates p53 only in the presence of HBxAg. to determine whether HBxAg binds p53 in vivo, immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis of liver samples from 10 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) were carried out. A protein band at 53,000 daltons that specifically immunoprecipitated with a monoclonal anti-x was identified as p53 by Western blotting with a monoclonal anti-p53. Anti-p53 specifically immunoprecipitated bands of 28,000, 17,000 and 13,000 daltons, which were identified as HBxAg polypeptides by Western blotting with anti-HBx. These findings suggest that HBxAg binds to p53 and that this association is important to the development of PHC.
Toxicity of Irradiated Medium for Repair-Deficient Strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1972)

Nutrient agar medium is made highly toxic to certain repair-deficient strains of Escherichia coli by exposure of the uninoculated plates to radiation from cool-white fluorescent lamps or black-light fluorescent lamps. This sensitivity is associated with the genetic deficiencies, fil, phr, and recA. Repair-sufficient and uvr strains are only slightly affected by the irradiated media. The poor growth and reduced plating efficiency frequently associated with BPhr and recA strains are very likely caused by inadvertent exposure of the medium to fluorescent light.
Frequency dependence of a quartz oscillator on gas pressure (1985)

The frequency shifts of a tuning-fork-shaped quartz oscillator with gas pressure were studied experimentally and theoretically. The experimental measurements showed that the frequency shift of the oscillator was very small in the pressure region below 1 Torr and much larger in the higher pressure region above 1 Torr. The experimental results were theoretically analyzed on the basis of a string-of-beads model for a quartz oscillator. The theoretical analysis showed that the resonance frequency shift of the quartz oscillator was small in the molecular flow region. In the viscous flow region the frequency shift was found to be proportional to the pressure. These theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The frequency shift of the oscillator in the higher pressure region was also found to be proportional to the molecular weight of the gas species in both theory and experiment.
Millimeter-Wave Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna Manufactured by Metal Injection Molding for Automotive Radar Systems (2001)

This paper describes a novel millimeter wave slotted waveguide array antenna that was developed for automotive radar systems. The antenna which is fabricated by metal injection molding, can be manufactured at low cost and is suitable for mass production. The paper describes the design of the antenna and how it has achieved high efficiency results.
A Surface Modification Approach to the Patterned Assembly of Single-Walled Carbon Nanomaterials (2003)

A surface modification strategy has been employed for the patterned assembly of single-walled carbon nanomaterials onto oxide surfaces. The method relies on distinct molecular recognition properties of different functional groups toward the carbon graphitic structure. The surface modification starts with reactions between bifunctional molecules 1 (with amino and silane groups) and hydroxyl groups on an oxide substrate, generating an amine-covered surface. This is followed by a coupling step where bifunctional molecules 2 (with succinimidyl ester and pyrene groups) react with amines. With one area covered with pyrenyl groups and the other one covered with hydroxyl groups, the patterned assembly of a single layer of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) has been demonstrated. The strategy employed herein is quite generic and applicable to a variety of oxide substrates, including quartz, SiO2 layer on Si, and indium tin oxide (ITO). Because silane chemistry is compatible with soft or lift-off lithography, an extension of this methodology to micrometer-scale patterning has been achieved, and a further reduction of the size feature should be possible. In addition, the patterned assembly of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has also been realized. These surface-immobilized structures should open up new possibilities in such areas as nanoelectronics, chemical sensing, field-emission displays, nanotribology, and cell adhesion/biorecognition investigations.
Cryopreservation of Platelets Simplified: A Modified Glycerol‐Glucose Method (1980)

Platelets were prepared for freezing in liquid nitrogen by prediluting with 1 ml glycerol-glucose freezing solution, allowing the platelet concentrate to set for ten minutes at 29 C, and then adding an additional 8 ml glycerol-glucose freezing solution. A 3-mm thick cardboard holder was constructed and used to hold the platelet concentrate during immersion and storage in liquid nitrogen. The mean recovery of frozen thawed platelets was 79 per cent. Electron microsopic examination of the frozen thawed platelets showed that the platelets to be structurally intact. In vitro testing showed the platelets to be functional.
3D Gaze Tracking on Stereoscopic Display Using Optimized Geometric Method (2014)

Emerging applications of active 3D technology have raised expectations on development of more user-friendly stereoscopic 3D content. To optimize stereoscopic 3D content by taking into account human factor, understanding how user gazes at 3D direction in virtual space is an important research topic. In this paper, we suggest a novel approach to estimate 3D point of gaze on stereoscopic display using optimized geometric method. Dual-camera system and Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) algorithm have been utilized to compute user dependent parameters and 3D coordinate of pupil. Instead of asking user to perform a time-consuming 3D calibration session using more than twenty calibration points, a simplified 3D calibration method using only three calibration points is proposed. Our experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better accuracy compared with conventional geometric method by average errors 0.83, 0.87, and 1.06cm in X, Y, and Z dimension, respectively. Compared with subjective depth judgment, the proposed gaze tracking system is more robust in measuring depth of virtual 3D object with various sizes.
Generation Times of <i>Proteus Mirabilis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Experimental Infections (1973)

Generation times of Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli in experimental kidney infections have been determined using radio-isotope techniques. During the first 7 hours following infection, generation times of 2.3 and 0.9 h were determined for P. mirabilis and E. coli, respectively. Both pathogens showed greatly increased generation times in the subsequent 41-hour period. The significance of these findings is that once the kidney infection is well established, very little multiplication of the pathogen occurs. Some implications of these results in the chemotherapy of urinary tract and kidney infections are discussed.
Applications of bioreactors in medicine. (1983)

The use of immobilized enzymes, antibodies or reactive proteins was recently considered as a promising approach for detoxification purposes. The appropriate solutions of some specific problems were described and discussed. An hollow fiber haemodialyzer with a membrane surface area of 0.6 m2 was used as standard support for L-asparaginase immobilization. Hemoperfusion columns based on modified agarose beads were also manufactured for the immobilization of antiphenobarbital antibodies.
Performance of Hens Molted by Various Methods , (1967)

FORCED molting has been studied for many years as a possible method of rejuvenating hens to increase egg production and egg quality. Although recommended by a few poultrymen, Rice (1905) was skeptical that the practice would be profitable. More recent results have been variable and the advantages and disadvantages have been summarized by Cox (1964) and Bell (1965). In addition, force molting has been reported to improve poor fertility in turkeys (Moyer et al., 1966) and to increase the DDT depletion rate in hens (Wesley et al., 1966). The method most commonly used for inducing a molt has been some type of feed and/or water restriction such as that suggested by the Poultry Council of the State College of Washington (1947). Noles (1966) reported that feed and water restriction is an effective method of force molting. Progesterone has been shown to be effective in causing a cessation of lay accompanied . . .
SegmentShield: Exploiting Segmentation Hardware for Protecting against Buffer Overflow Attacks (2006)

This paper presents a strong and efficient scheme for protecting against buffer overflow attacks. The basic approach of this scheme is pointer copying: copies of code pointers are stored in a safe memory area to detect and prevent the manipulation of code pointers. In order to protect the copied code pointers from data-pointer modification attacks, this scheme exploits the segmentation hardware of IA-32 (Intel x86) processors. This scheme provides as strong protection as write-protecting the memory area via system calls. On the other hand, this scheme involves a modest overhead because copying a code pointer requires only a few user-level instructions and there is no penalty of entering the kernel. The experimental results show that the performance overhead in OpenSSL ranges from 0.9% to 4.3%
The role of the wideband digital cross-connect system in survivable ring networks (2002)

The wideband digital cross-connect system (W-DCS) plays a crucial role in support of the dual-node interconnected ring, whether the interconnected rings are unidirectional path switched self-healing rings or bidirectional line switched rings. The authors describe the functionality of the W-DCS in both unidirectional and bidirectional interconnected rings, and compare the economics of W-DCS and non-W-DCS approaches. A general model for a survivable network is presented. The model is based on specific metropolitan applications that network providers are currently satisfying. Next, four possible solutions to the survivable network problem are presented. The four solutions illustrate the use of both unidirectional and bidirectional dual-node interconnected rings and illustrate functions that can be performed by the W-DCS to reduce equipment and fiber costs significantly. The economics of the four solutions for different transport ring capacity requirements is examined. In general, the most cost-effective solution is one that utilizes a bidirectional transport ring with a W-DCS to groom and protect several access loops. The two-fiber bidirectional transport ring/W-DCS implementation is the most cost-effective solution if it can provide enough bandwidth to meet the capacity requirements of the transport ring. If additional bandwidth is required, the four-fiber bidirectional ring/W-DCS solution should be implemented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Functional analysis of the O antigen glucosylation gene cluster of Shigella flexneri bacteriophage SfX (1999)

Previous studies have shown that Shigella flexneri bacteriophage X (SfX) encodes a glucosyltransferase (GtrX, formerly Gtr), which is involved in O antigen modification (serotype Y to serotype X). However, GtrX alone can only mediate a partial conversion. More recently, a three-gene cluster has been identified next to the attachment site in the genome of two other S. flexneri bacteriophages (i.e. SfV and SfII). This gene cluster was postulated to be responsible for a full O antigen conversion. Here it is reported that besides the gtrX gene, the other two genes in the gtr locus of SfX were also involved in the O antigen modification process. The first gene in the cluster (gtrA) encodes a small highly hydrophobic protein which appears to be involved in the translocation of lipid-linked glucose across the cytoplasmic membrane. The second gene in the cluster (gtrB) encodes an enzyme catalysing the transfer of the glucose residue from UDP-glucose to a lipid carrier. The third gene (gtrX) encodes a bacteriophage-specific glucosyltransferase which is largely responsible for the final step, i.e. attaching the glucosyl molecules onto the correct sugar residue of the O antigen repeating unit. A three-step model for the glucosylation of bacterial O antigen has been proposed.
Systemic amyloidosis: are we moving ahead? (2004)

Systemic amyloidoses are a wide group of diseases with different courses, treatments and prognoses. Unequivocal typing of amyloid deposits is important for correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment. At present, the most effective therapeutic approach is based on eliminating the supply of amyloidogenic precursor. New effective therapies will stem from our improved knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of amyloidosis.
Etiology characteristics of pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts in respiratory intensive care unit (2010)

Objective To investigate the etiology characteristics and drug resistance of immunocompromised hosts(ICH)in respiratory intensive care unit(RICU)in order to provide evidence for empirical antimicrobial usage.Methods Culture results of sputum and bronehoalveolar lavage fluid and drug sensitive test results from 52 pneumonia cases of ICH in RICU of Beijing Chaoyang hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results Forty-two pathogens were found from 20 hospital associated pneumonia in 52 pneumonia cases of ICH,including 15 gram negative bacilli(36.0%),13 gram positive cocci (31.0%),11 fungi(26.2%)and three pneumoeystis carinii(7.1%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa,baumanii and klebsiella were common pathogens in gram negative bacilli,enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus were common pathogens in gram positive cocci,aspergilli and Candida albicans were common pathogens in fungi.Fifty-seven pathogens were found from 32 community acquired pneumonia,including 19 gram negative bacilli(33.3%),16 gram positive Cocci(28.1%),16 fungi(28.1%)and six pneumocystis carinii (10.5%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa,baumanii and klehsiella were common pathogens in gram negative bacilli.enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus were common pathogens in gram positive cocci,aspergilli and Candida albicans were common pathogens in fungi.Drug sensitive test results showed that multidrug resistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was high,baumanii and klebsiella were still sensitive to carbapenems.The drug resistant rate of enterococci to vancomycin was 20.0%,and vancomycin-resistant staphylococci were not found.Conclusions There is no difference on the etiology characteristics between hospital associated pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia of ICH.Gram positive cocci and fungi are common pathogens.Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be paid great attention.The incidence of multidrug resistant stains is high,and drug resistant rate is consistent.

Key words: 
Intensive care unit; Immunocompromise; Pneumonia; Pathogen
Innovative Absorber/Stripper Configurations for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture by Aqueous Monoethanolamine (2005)

The state-of-the-art technology to capture CO2 from coal-fired power plants is absorption/stripping with aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA). The energy consumption in stripping can be 15−30% of the power-plant output. A rigorous rate-based model for CO2−MEA−H2O was used to simulate several flowsheet alternatives that reduce the energy requirement using Aspen Plus with RateFrac. Results were calculated for vapor recompression, multipressure, and simple strippers at 5 and 10 °C approach temperatures and 70, 90, and 95% CO2 removal. The “equivalent work of steam/mole of CO2 removed” and the reboiler duty were used to compare the proposed schemes and to show the shift of energy use from work to heat. The total equivalent work for multipressure was less than that for the simple stripper by 0.03−0.12 GJ/(ton of CO2), and the reboiler duty was less by 0.15−0.41 GJ/(ton of CO2). The multipressure with vapor recompression is an attractive option because it utilizes the overhead water vapor latent heat to reduce reboiler duty load, recovers the work of compression to strip more CO2, and shows more reversible behavior.
Future harvest: what might forest harvesting entail 25 years hence? (2011)

Abstract A review of current literature offers a basis for forecasting some future trends in forest harvesting. It is likely that major gains will be achieved through closer integration between informatics and harvesting technology. New sensing technology will allow harvesting machines to better optimise both vehicle movements and handling of harvested material, and to provide a comprehensive inventory of the residual stand and of soil data to assist the management of the residual forest. Such speculation about future harvest possibilities is important to foster planning and research. Industry-wide agreement about data protocols could facilitate the development and adoption of new technologies.
Supply current monitor and set-up for fault detection in analogue circuits (2003)

This paper presents the design of an off-chip supply current monitor for the detection of faults in analogue circuits. The emphasis is placed on the design of a monitor with minimum overhead that can be implemented to detect variations in the dynamic supply current. The design of the monitor and the results of using it to detect faults in an analogue circuit, in both simulation and physical environments, are outlined.