gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wafer-level assembly and sealing of a MEMS nanoreactor for<i>in situ</i>microscopy (2010)

This paper presents a new process for the fabrication of MEMS-based nanoreactors for in situ atomic-scale imaging of nanoparticles under relevant industrial conditions. The fabrication of the device is completed fully at wafer level in an ISO 5 clean room and it is based on silicon fusion bonding and thin film encapsulation for sealed lateral electrical feedthroughs. The fabrication process considerably improves the performances of previous nanoreactors. The wafer-level assembly allows faster preparation of devices, hydrocarbon contamination is no longer observed and the control of the channel height leads to a better flow reproducibility. The channel is shown to be sufficiently hermetic to work in the vacuum of a transmission electron microscope while a pressure of 100 kPa is maintained inside the nanoreactor. The transparency is demonstrated by the atomic scale imaging of YBCO nanoparticles, with a line spacing resolution of 0.19 nm.
Structural basis for two metal-ion catalysis of DNA cleavage by Cas12i2 (2020)

To understand how the RuvC catalytic domain of Class 2 Cas proteins cleaves DNA, it will be necessary to elucidate the structures of RuvC-containing Cas complexes in their catalytically competent states. Cas12i2 is a Class 2 type V-I CRISPR-Cas endonuclease that cleaves target dsDNA by an unknown mechanism. Here, we report structures of Cas12i2-crRNA-DNA complexes and a Cas12i2-crRNA complex. We reveal the mechanism of DNA recognition and cleavage by Cas12i2, and activation of the RuvC catalytic pocket induced by a conformational change of the Helical-II domain. The seed region (nucleotides 1-8) is dispensable for RuvC activation, but the duplex of the central spacer (nucleotides 9-15) is required. We captured the catalytic state of Cas12i2, with both metal ions and the ssDNA substrate bound in the RuvC catalytic pocket. Together, our studies provide significant insights into the DNA cleavage mechanism by RuvC-containing Cas proteins.
Hermes: Latency optimal task assignment for resource-constrained mobile computing (2015)

With mobile devices increasingly able to connect to cloud servers from anywhere, resource-constrained devices can potentially perform offloading of computational tasks to either improve resource usage or improve performance. It is of interest to find optimal assignments of tasks to local and remote devices that can take into account the application-specific profile, availability of computational resources, and link connectivity, and find a balance between energy consumption costs of mobile devices and latency for delay-sensitive applications. Given an application described by a task dependency graph, we formulate an optimization problem to minimize the latency while meeting prescribed resource utilization constraints. Different from most of existing works that either rely on an integer linear programming formulation, which is NP-hard and not applicable to general task dependency graph for latency metrics, or on intuitively derived heuristics that offer no theoretical performance guarantees, we propose Hermes, a novel fully polynomial time problem approximation scheme (FPTAS) algorithm to solve this problem. Hermes pros vides a solution with latency no more than (1 + ε) times of the minimum while incurring complexity that is an polynomial in problem size and //ε We evaluate the performance by using real data set collected from several benchmarks, and show that Hermes improves the latency by 16% (36% for larger scale application) compared to a previously published heuristic and increases CPU computing time by only 0.4% of overall latency.
Vectoring of Adjacent Synthetic Jets (2005)

The formation, evolution, and interactions of a closely spaced pair of coflowing rectangular synthetic jets are investigated using particle image velocimetry. The dynamics of the combined jet is determined by the interactions of the counter-rotating vortex pairs that form each jet. These vortex pairs are formed along the long edges of the orifice of each jet by the time-periodic motion of a diaphragm that is mounted in a cavity underneath the orifice plate and is driven at resonance. It is shown that the phase between the actuation waveforms of the adjacent jets affects the relative timing between their blowing and suction strokes and consequently the formation of the vortex pairs that synthesize each of the jets. These phase variations also lead to controlled vectoring or bending of the combined jet toward the orifice of the jet that is leading in phase and can be varied dynamically on time scales that correspond to the actuation period.
Control of defects in optical fibers-a study using cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (1993)

Cathodoluminescence spectra of germanosilicate and silicate glass in modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) and vapor-phase axial deposition (VAD) preforms are presented, and the influence of co-doping with phosphorus, boron, and fluorine on the peaks associated with the E' and the so-called drawing-induced defects are studied. A simple reaction scheme is developed which illustrates that these defects can be controlled by the electron donor (P) and scavenger (B,F) properties of the co-dopant.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Holographic Interferometer for Measuring Radiation Energy Deposition Profiles in Transparent Liquids (1971)

An apparatus has been designed for real-time and double-exposure holographic interferometry to determine radiation absorbed dose distributions in transparent liquids. The change in refractive index of the liquid due to a temperature rise after irradiation is measured interferometrically. In a cylindrically symmetrical radiation field, the dose distribution can be computed from data supplied by the reconstruction of the holographic interferogram taken as side-view profile of the change in optical pathlength. Relatively inexpensive components such as a low-powered He-Ne laser together with a conventional photographic shutter and low-cost mirrors and lenses were used. The mathematical procedure for unfolding the three-dimensional dose distribtion is described, and an example is given for use with a high-intensity, pulsed, 2-MV electron source.
Identification and characterization of human beta 2-chimaerin: association with malignant transformation in astrocytoma. (1995)

Molecular processes resulting in the malignant transformation from low- to high-grade astrocytoma remain poorly understood. Using reverse transcriptase PCR, we identified a gene that is differentially expressed in normal brain and low-grade astrocytoma compared to glioblastoma tissues. This gene is identical to human beta 2-chimaerin, which encodes a 468-amino acid GTPase-activating protein for p21rac. The gene was localized to human chromosome 7p15.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping. Human beta 2-chimaerin is expressed in a variety of human tissues, with the highest expression level detected in human brain and pancreas. RNase protection assays indicated that the expression level of this gene is high in all the normal brain and low-grade astrocytoma samples tested compared to malignant gliomas. The down-regulation of beta 2-chimaerin expression in the high-grade gliomas suggests that decreased expression of this gene may be a feature of progression in the development of malignant glioma.
The gem Effect. I. The Influence of 3-Substituents on the Rates of Solvolysis of Glutaric Anhydride. A Conformational Analysis (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe gem Effect. I. The Influence of 3-Substituents on the Rates of Solvolysis of Glutaric Anhydride. A Conformational AnalysisThomas C. Bruice and William C. BradburyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 21, 4838–4845Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00949a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00949a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Calculation of the Mutual Inductance of Circular Filaments in Any Desired Positions (1944)

The calculation of the mutual inductance of circular coils whose cross-sectional dimensions are small, compared with their distance apart, depends upon basic formulas for the calculation of the mutual inductance of circular filaments. The case of coaxial circular filaments has been quite thoroughly treated and any desired accuracy is attainable. However, the available formulas for more general cases such as circles with parallel or inclined axes are slowly convergent for considerable ranges of the parameters and for such cases admit of only rough accuracy. The present paper is concerned with providing formulas and tables capable of giving a moderate accuracy, with a moderate amount of labor, even in complicated cases. The tables apply to calculations for equal circles with parallel axes, and to circles of nearly equal radii having inclined axes which intersect at the center of one of the circles. This latter case enters in the design of a variometer composed of two coils of small cross sections; the former is applicable to the calculation of a variometer with coils having eccentric axes. A general formula is derived, which allows of a fairly simple method of computation for any desired case, by the employment of a chart of the flux distribution about a circular filament carrying current. An accuracy of a few parts in a thousand is readily attainable.
Serotonergic neuron regulation informed by <i>in vivo</i> single‐cell transcriptomics (2013)

Despite the recognized importance of the dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic (5-HT) nuclei in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety, the molecular components/putative drug targets expressed by these neurons are poorly characterized. Utilizing the promoter of an ETS domain transcription factor that is a stable marker of 5-HT neurons (Pet-1) to drive 5-HT neuronal expression of YFP, we identified 5-HT neurons in live acute slices. We isolated RNA from single 5-HT neurons in the ventromedial and lateral wings of the DR and performed single-cell RNA-Seq analysis identifying >500 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) including receptors for classical transmitters, lipid signals, and peptides as well as dozens of orphan-GPCRs. Using these data to inform our selection of receptors to assess, we found that oxytocin and lysophosphatidic acid 1 receptors are translated and active in costimulating, with the α1-adrenergic receptor, the firing of DR 5-HT neurons, while the effects of histamine are inhibitory and exerted at H3 histamine receptors. The inhibitory histamine response provides evidence for tonic in vivo histamine inhibition of 5-HT neurons. This study illustrates that unbiased single-cell transcriptomics coupled with functional analyses provides novel insights into how neurons and neuronal systems are regulated.
Activation of recombinant human TRPV1 receptors expressed in SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells increases [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub>, initiates neurotransmitter release and promotes delayed cell death (2007)

The transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a ligand-gated, Ca(2+)-permeable ion channel in the TRP superfamily of channels. We report the establishment of the first neuronal model expressing recombinant human TRPV1 (SH-SY5Y(hTRPV1)). SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were stably transfected with hTRPV1 using the Amaxa Biosystem (hTRPV1 in pIREShyg2 with hygromycin selection). Capsaicin, olvanil, resiniferatoxin and the endocannabinoid anandamide increased [Ca(2+)](i) with potency (EC(50)) values of 2.9 nmol/L, 34.7 nmol/L, 0.9 nmol/L and 4.6 micromol/L, respectively. The putative endovanilloid N-arachidonoyl-dopamine increased [Ca(2+)](i) but this response did not reach a maximum. Capsaicin, anandamide, resiniferatoxin and olvanil mediated increases in [Ca(2+)](i) were inhibited by the TRPV1 antagonists capsazepine and iodo-resiniferatoxin with potencies (K(B)) of approximately 70 nmol/L and 2 nmol/L, respectively. Capsaicin stimulated the release of pre-labelled [(3)H]noradrenaline from monolayers of SH-SY5Y(hTRPV1) cells with an EC(50) of 0.6 nmol/L indicating amplification between [Ca(2+)](i) and release. In a perfusion system, we simultaneously measured [(3)H]noradrenaline release and [Ca(2+)](i) and observed that increased [Ca(2+)](i) preceded transmitter release. Capsaicin treatment also produced a cytotoxic response (EC(50) 155 nmol/L) that was antagonist-sensitive and mirrored the [Ca(2+)](I) response. This model displays pharmacology consistent with TRPV1 heterologously expressed in standard non-neuronal cells and native neuronal cultures. The advantage of SH-SY5Y(hTRPV1) is the ability of hTRPV1 to couple to neuronal biochemical machinery and produce large quantities of cells.
High power, low threshold, singlemode 630 nm laser diodes (1992)

Output powers exceeding 45 mW under room temperature, continuous wave operation and threshold currents as low as 30 mA are demonstrated in singlemode AlGaInP visible laser diodes emitting at 636 nm. Singlemode operation is maintained at output powers exceeding 40 mW.
A live vaccine against pertussis. (1985)

Animal experiments have shown that oral administration of live Bordetella pertussis induces a protective immune response. The biological properties of a nonpathogenic Bordetella pertussis strain, its toxicity and immunogenicity in mice were investigated. Comparative studies of the intraperitoneal and the oral route of immunization have shown that there was high mortality following intraperitoneal administration of the highest dose, whereas none of the doses of vaccine given orally led to appreciably higher mortality than that observed in control animals. The oral method of immunization when employing a stable, non-toxic, live vaccine strain, may be of value for women of child-bearing age, pregnant women, and for pediatric and nursing personnel exposed to the risk of pertussis infection. Infants may benefit by transplacentally conferred protection as well as being actively immunized at an early age after birth.
LA FACULTAD DE DERECHO PROPORCIONA ASESORIA JURIDICA GRATUITA (1986)

LA FACULTAD DE DERECHO INFORMA DE LOS SERVICIOS LEGALES QUE PROPORCIONA EN FORMA GRATUITA A PERSONAS DE ESCASOS RECURSOS EN UN BUFETE DONDE SEMESTRALMENTE ALREDEDOR DE 50 PASANTES PRESTAN SU SERVICIO SOCIAL.
Oral Branched‐Chain Amino Acids Decrease Whole‐Body Proteolysis (1995)

These results suggest that branched-chain amino acid ingestion suppresses whole-body proteolysis in tissues other than skeletal muscle in normal men.
Implementation of a cryptographic co-processor (2007)

In this paper a high-speed cryptographic co-processor, named HSSec, is presented. The core embeds two hash functions, SHA-1 and SHA-512, and the symmetric block cipher AES. The architecture of HSSec renders it suitable for widely spread applications with security demands. The presented coprocessor can be used inevery system integrating standards such as IPSec or the upcoming JPSec and P1619. The main characteristic of the proposed implementation is common use of the available resources, to minimize further area requirements. Additionally the cryptographic primitives can operate in parallel, providing high throughput whenever needed. Finally the system can operate in ECB or CBC modes. The HSSec co-processor has relatively small area and its performance reaches 1 Gbps (AES, SHA-1 and SHA-512) for XILINX's Virtex II FPGA family.
Effect of oral glucosamine on cartilage degradation in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis (2005)

Oral administration of glucosamine had a detectable, site-specific, partial disease-modifying effect in this model of OA. From a clinical perspective, the administration of glucosamine did not prevent fibrillation and/or erosions of the articular cartilage in all of the treated animals, and no effects were detected in the medial joint compartments.
The Use of Type I and Type III Injectable Human Collagen for Dermal Fill: 10 Years of Clinical Experience in China (2005)

This article reports preclinical and clinical experience with a type I and type III injectable human collagen product derived from human sources (containing type I and type III collagen in a proportion of 44:56) utilized as a dermal filler. The preclinical study involves experiments characterizing the histological changes observed after type I and type III injectable human collagen injection in rats. The clinical trial is a study of 123 patients treated with type I and type III injectable human collagen for pitting skin deficiencies including furrow, superficial scar, and superficial atrophy. Histological observations from the preclinical study revealed that type I and type III injectable human collagen persisted for at least a year. The clinical trial showed that most patients were satisfied with the results, and a rating of excellent or good was achieved 90.2% of the time. The positive results lasted about 9 months after the first injection, 12 months after the second injection, and 18 months after the third injection. Reported side effects were slight redness and discomfort at or near the injection site. Type I and type III injectable human collagen is a safe and reliable biomaterial that can easily be used for soft tissue augmentation.
A parallel decoder for low latency decoding of turbo product codes (2002)

There has been intensive focus on turbo product codes (TPCs) which have low decoding complexity and achieve near-optimum performances at low signal-to-noise ratios. Different than the original TPC decoder, which performs row and column decoding in a serial fashion, we propose a parallel decoder structure. Simulation results show that with this approach, decoding latency of TPCs can be halved while maintaining virtually the same performance level.
Dual-discriminator GAN: A GAN way of profile face recognition (2020)

A wealth of angle problems occur when facial recognition is performed: At present, the feature extraction network presents eigenvectors with large differences between the frontal face and profile face recognition of the same person in many cases. For this reason, the state-of-the-art facial recognition network will use multiple samples for the same target to ensure that eigenvector differences caused by angles are ignored during training. However, there is another solution available, which is to generate frontal face images with profile face images before recognition. In this paper, we proposed a method of generating frontal faces with image-to-image profile faces based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN).
From conversational tooltips to grounded discourse (2004)

Head pose and gesture offer several key conversational grounding cues and are used extensively in face-to-face interaction among people. While the machine interpretation of these cues has previously been limited to output modalities, recent advances in face-pose tracking allow for systems which are robust and accurate enough to sense natural grounding gestures. We present the design of a module that detects these cues and show examples of its integration in three different conversational agents with varying degrees of discourse model complexity. Using a scripted discourse model and off-the-shelf animation and speech-recognition components, we demonstrate the use of this module in a novel "conversational tooltip" task, where additional information is spontaneously provided by an animated character when users attendto various physical objects or characters in the environment. We further describe the integration of our module in two systems where animated and robotic characters interact with users based on rich discourse and semantic models.
Silence in Arabic Cross-Cultural Interaction (2021)

This study investigates silence as a nonverbal manner of communication cross-culturally in Arabic to expose if it is as powerful as the verbal communication. It concentrates on the distinct types, forms and functions of silence in different contexts and the way it is perceived by the communicators. The study concluded that silence has a great value cross-culturally in Arabic, and is as effective as speech in transmitting messages and serving the goal of the interaction. Speech and silence are closely related and exist almost in every interaction. Each way has an important function and that they come to have greater effect when used together. Silence has many exceptional functions aside from accepting a matter or refusing it such as preserving other’s dignity and making them avoid behaving impolitely. Silence acts as a face-saving such as dumb founded and as a face-threatening technique such as cunning.
Jojoba Meal (Simmondsia chinensis) in the Diet of Broiler Breeder Pullets: Physiological and Endocrinological Effects (1993)

The present studies evaluated the ability of jojoba meal (JO) to inhibit feed intake of broiler breeder pullets to limit body weight gain as recommended by the breeder company. A first experiment, using graded levels of JO supplementation (0 to 12%), was conducted to establish appropriate JO supplementation. Adequate reduction of growth rate was obtained with 4% JO supplementation. However, notwithstanding their similar growth rate, 4% JO chickens consumed considerably more feed compared with feed-restricted chickens. The dose-dependent impairment of feed intake with increasing levels of JO supplementation was also associated with increased plasma growth hormone and thyroxine and with decreased plasma insulin-like growth factor-I and triiodothyronine concentrations compared with 0% JO chickens. A second experiment included a pair-fed group. Notwithstanding their similar feed intake, 4% JO chickens gained significantly less body weight compared with their pair-fed counterparts. The 4% JO chickens also had a longer feed transit time per kilogram body weight. Again, circulating levels of the somatotrophic and thyrotrophic hormones were altered according to the dietary treatment. From all these observations, it was concluded that the growth retardation caused by JO supplementation was provoked by an inhibition of appetite linked with the simmondsin content of JO as well as by other antinutritional compounds affecting digestibility.
Fluorescence Sensing Behavior of Thin-films of Benzofuranoquinol Clathrate Host upon Exposure to Various Gaseous Amines (2000)

Abstract The benzofuranoquinol clathrate host exhibits color and fluorescence changes upon exposure to various gaseous amines both in the crystalline state and in the thin-film state. The decrease of long-wavelength absorption and the dramatic fluorescence enhancement with blue-shift of emission maximum depending on the enclathrated amine molecules were observed. The response time for the optical sensing was greatly improved by using the host in the thin-film state.