gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential of wattle tannin extracts for fine use (2006)

As a contribution to the fine use of wattle tannin, four fractions, purified tannin (Tp), ether extracts (Te), ethyl acetate extracts (Ta) and water fraction (Tw), were obtained by the methods of precipitation and liquid-liquid extraction of commercial wattle tannin. The number average molecular weights (M(n)) of Tp, Te, Ta and Tw were determined as 2660, 440, 980 and 2050 Da, respectively. The biological activities including protein precipitation, enzyme inhibition and antibacterial potency of each fraction were studied and compared. The results indicated that the molecular weight of each fraction is directly associated with its biological activities. The fraction of Tw showed the strongest capacity to precipitate protein and Ta showed the strongest capacity to inhibit enzyme activities, while Ta and Te showed better antibacterial potency.
Specific Capsular Polysaccharide of Type 46 <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (American Type 73) (1981)

The specific capsular polysaccharide of type 46 Streptococcus pneumoniae (American type 73) was isolated in pure form and shown to be a high-molecular-weight, glycosidically linked polymer composed of d-galactose (2 mol), N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (1 mol), N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (1 mol), and N-acetyl-l-fucosamine (1 mol).
A prototype 2D direction finding system with passive RFID tags (2010)

This paper presents a prototype direction of arrival system designed to locate passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags in a commercial warehouse environment. The system design is discussed with focus on a MUSIC based algorithm designed to cater for multiple reflections. Special emphasis is placed on the results of a trial of the system in a warehouse.
Efficacy of Slow Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Resistant Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia (2007)

The results of this meta-analysis provide evidence for the efficacy of rTMS as an intervention that selectively alters neurobiologic factors underlying auditory hallucinations.
Interference mitigation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (2002)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation scheme purported to be insensitive to the multipath effects of a mobile communication channel as well as exhibiting immunity to narrow-band interference via hole punching in the OFDM spectrum. We examine and verify the OFDM bit error rate sensitivity to low level interference and introduce and demonstrate a spectrum spreading technique to reduce the effect of the narrow-band interferer.
Interaction between the sbcC gene of Escherichia coli and the gam gene of phage lambda. (1989)

gam mutants of phage lambda carrying long palindromes fail to form plaques on wild-type Escherichia coli but do grow on strains that are mutant in the sbcC gene. gam + lambda carrying the same palindrome grow on both hosts and on a host deleted for the recB, C and D genes. These results suggest that the Gam protein of lambda, known to interact also with E. coli's recBCD protein, can interact with the product of the sbcC gene.
Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 2001 : Mauna Lani, Hawaii, 3-7 January, 2001 (2000)

Human genome variation linking genotypes to clinical phenotypes disorder and flexibility in protein structure and function DNA structure, protein-DNA interactions, and DNA-protein expression structures, phylogenies, and genomes - the integrated study of protein evolution high performance computing for computational biology natural language processing and information extraction in biology genome, pathway and interaction bioinformatics phylogenetics in the post-genomic era bioethics, fiction science, and the future of mankind.
The Osteogenic Potential of Two Composite Graft Systems Using Osteogenin (1990)

The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity of new bone formation in critical sized calvaria defects in rats treated with two composite graft systems. The systems consisted of either a combination of the bone inductive protein (osteogenin) plus type I collagen (Os + C) or the combination of osteogenin with coralline hydroxyapatite (Os + HA). Additional treatments consisted of coralline hydroxyapatite (HA) or untreated control defects. After 28 days the calvaria were recovered and processed for quantitative radiography (radiomorphometry) and histomorphometry. Histomorphometric results were based on quantitation of regenerated trabecular bone. Results indicated that the Os + C combination produced substantially more bone than the Os + HA, HA, or control groups (P less than 0.05). Radiomorphometric assessment was based on the detection of radiopacity in the calvarial wounds. Due to the radiopaque property of HA, it was not possible to accurately quantitate the radiopacity of the regenerating bone from HA and host bone. Therefore, conclusions about the efficacy of the treatments must be derived from histomorphometric data. Results from histometric measurements of healing indicate that the Os + C combination has the greatest potential for regenerating calvarial bone defects. The potential for osteogenin in regenerating alveolar bone lost due to periodontal disease is suggested by these studies.
Microbubble actuator using photothermal effect (2002)

Recently, micro-actuators are attracted attention of advance technology. An optical actuator features characteristics such as energy supplied remotely in wireless and no generation of magnetic noise. In this report, a new type of a micro bubble actuator using photo-thermal effect is proposed The micro bubble by photothermal effect has advantage that to appear and disappear is easily to control. It is possible to drive micro-scale objects and an optical switch. An experimental set up consists of a laser diode with 450mW of power, water road and an optical microscope as observation. The micro bubble is produced irradiated laser beam on to black liquid and/or transparent liquid on the black surface. The size of micro bubble is from 50 to several hundred micro-meters. Three difference methods are proposed such as driving micro object, rotating micro object, and switching.
Solvent resistant microfluidic DNA synthesizer (2006)

We fabricated a microfluidic DNA synthesizer out of perfluoropolyether (PFPE), an elastomer with excellent chemical compatibility which makes it possible to perform organic chemical reactions, and synthesized 20-mer oligonucleotides on chip.
A tissue selective rapamycin analog inhibits MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell-induced osteolytic bone metastases in nude mice (2006)

4857 Bone metastases, frequent consequences of common malignancies such as breast, lung, and prostate cancer, involve complex molecular processes and are extremely difficult to treat. In the bone microenvironment, metastatic cancer cells produce osteoclast activating factors (e.g., PTHrP) that stimulate bone resorption. Bone-derived growth factors (e.g., TGF-β and IGF1) are subsequently released, promoting cancer-cell proliferation and the amplification of a cycle that produces net osteolytic (bone destructive) consequences. AP24170 is a rapamycin analog with a synthetically linked bone-targeted (BT) moiety. The bone-targeting functionality is designed to accumulate BT rapalogs such as AP24170 on bone, enhancing the anti-tumor and anti-osteolytic effects of mTOR inhibition at bone, and minimizing effects outside bone, compared to non-targeted rapamycin analogs. In this study, we tested this concept by examining the effects of AP24170 and rapamycin in an intracardiac MDA-MB-231 tumor cell injection model of bone osteolytic metastasis in nude mice. Three days post intracardiac cell inoculation, AP24170 and rapamycin were administered intravenously (biw and qw) to mice using equimolar doses (14 and 10 mg/kg, respectively) for a period of 3 weeks. Both AP24170 treated groups had a lower percentage of limb bones with cortical osteolytic lesions (24-21%) and fewer osteolytic lesions per mouse (1 met, av) than the comparable rapamycin treated groups (44-52% and 2-3 mets/mouse, av) as assessed by whole animal radiography. The vehicle treated mice developed osteolytic lesions in 85% of the bones examined and averaged 5 osteolytic limb lesions per mouse. The difference in potency between AP24170 and rapamycin was the opposite of that observed in prior in vitro cell assays, consistent with effective bone-targeting in vivo . In a separate study, we examined systemic mTOR inhibitory effects by administering equimolar doses of each compound to mice, harvesting abdominal muscle 24 hr later, and assessing mTOR activity by measuring levels of phosphorylated S6 (pS6) by western blot. Rapamycin treatment elicited a clear dose-responsive reduction in pS6 levels, as expected, but AP24170 caused no apparent reduction of pS6, suggesting that the inhibitory effects of AP24170 are selective for bone. The tissue (bone) selective nature of AP24170 and the potent in vivo effects observed in this and other models of bone cancer make this class of compounds promising candidates for the treatment of both bone metastases and primary bone cancer.
Mediation by the Protein-tyrosine Kinase Tec of Signaling between the B Cell Antigen Receptor and Dok-1 (2000)

A variety of growth factor receptors induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of a nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase Tec as well as that of a Tec-binding protein of 62 kDa. Given the similarity in properties between this 62-kDa protein and p62(Dok-1), the possibility that these two proteins are identical was investigated. Overexpression of a constitutively active form of Tec in a pro-B cell line induced the hyperphosphorylation of endogenous Dok-1. Tec also associated with Dok-1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner in 293 cells. Tec mediated marked phosphorylation of Dok-1 both in vivo and in vitro, and this effect required both the Tec homology and Src homology 2 domains of Tec in addition to its kinase activity. Expression of Dok-1 in 293 cells induced inhibition of Ras activity, suggesting that Dok-1 is a negative regulator of Ras. In the immature B cell line Ramos, cross-linking of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of Dok-1, and this effect was markedly inhibited by expression of dominant negative mutants of Tec. Furthermore, overexpression of Dok-1 inhibited activation of the c-fos promoter induced by stimulation of the BCR. These results suggest that Tec is an important mediator of signaling from the BCR to Dok-1.
The Effect of Process Parameters on Twin Wire Arc Spray Pattern Shape (2015)

A design of experiments approach was used to describe process parameter—spray pattern relationships in the Twin Wire Arc process using zinc feed stock in a TAFA 8835 (Praxair, Concord, NH, USA) spray torch. Specifically, the effects of arc current, primary atomizing gas pressure, and secondary atomizing gas pressure on spray pattern size, spray pattern flatness, spray pattern eccentricity, and coating deposition rate were investigated. Process relationships were investigated with the intent of maximizing or minimizing each coating property. It was determined that spray pattern area was most affected by primary gas pressure and secondary gas pressure. Pattern eccentricity was most affected by secondary gas pressure. Pattern flatness was most affected by primary gas pressure. Coating deposition rate was most affected by arc current.
Single Crystal Growth of Layered Perovskite Metal Oxides (1987)

(La, Sr) 2 CuO 4 single crystals were grown in a molten copper oxide flux at a relatively low temperature, and their habit planes were examined by X-ray Laue patterns.
Parameter Identification for PEM Fuel-Cell Mechanism Model Based on Effective Informed Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (2010)

In order to improve the inherent drawbacks of particle swarm optimization (PSO), an effective informed adaptive PSO (EIA-PSO) algorithm that has better equilibrium characteristic between global search and local search is proposed. In this paper, an electrochemical-based proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) mechanism model suitable for engineering optimization is developed, and a parameter-identification-technique-based EIA-PSO for this mechanism model is presented. In order to verify the validity of the advanced method, comparisons between experimental data and simulation data are carried out. The results demonstrate that EIA-PSO can make the mechanism model with identified parameters fit the experimental data with higher precision even in the presence of measurement noise. Therefore, EIA-PSO is an optional effective technique for identifying the parameters of the PEMFC mechanism model.
Water stress and mycorrhizal isolate effects on growth and nutrient acquisition of wheat (1998)

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonized plants often have greater tolerance to drought than nonmycorrhizal (nonAM) plants. Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), whose roots were colonized with Glomus mosseae (Gms) and G. monosporum (Gmn), were grown in a greenhouse to determine effects of water stress (WS) on shoot and root dry matter (DM), root length (RL), and shoot phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) concentrations and contents. Mycorrhizal colonization was higher in well‐watered (nonWS) plants colonized with both AM isolates than WS plants, and Gms had greater colonization than Gmn under both soil moisture conditions. Shoot and root DM were higher in AM than in nonAM plants irrespective of soil moisture, and Gms plants had higher shoot but not root DM than Gmn plants grown under either soil moisture condition. Total RL of AM plants was greater than nonAM plants, but was consistently lower for plants grown with WS than with nonWS. The AM plants had similar shoot P and Mn concentrations as nonAM plants, but contents were higher in AM than in nonAM plants. The AM plants had higher shoot Zn, Cu, and Fe concentrations and contents than nonAM plants. The Gms plants grown under nonWS generally had higher nutrient contents than Gmn plants, but nutrient contents were similar for both Gms and Gmn plants grown under WS. The results demonstrated a positive relationship between enhanced growth and AM root colonization for plants grown under nonWS and WS.
Effect of body position on intraocular pressure and aqueous flow. (1987)

The relationship between intraocular pressure and the rate of aqueous humor formation was studied in human subjects. Intraocular pressure was altered by changing the subject's gravity-dependent body position. Aqueous humor flow was measured fluorophotometrically. An average change of intraocular pressure of 2.4 +/- 1.2 mmHg and 11.2 +/- 2.7 mmHg was recorded in subjects whose body position was alternated +/- 15 degrees from horizontal and +/- 50 degrees from horizontal. No change of the rate of fluorescein clearance was observed for the milder change of position. A small change of fluorescein clearance was noted in response to the steeper change of position. Changing intraocular pressure seems not to induce compensatory changes in aqueous flow. Therefore we conclude that aqueous formation is relatively pressure-insensitive, a conclusion one would draw from clinical instances of angle-closure glaucoma or as in other systems of secretion, such as the toad bladder or the cerebrospinal fluid, where alterations in pressure do not necessarily influence flow. If there is a regulator of aqueous flow it is not responsive to the changes in intraocular pressure brought about in this study. If aqueous flow regulates intraocular pressure or compensates for changes in intraocular pressure, the signal is not small changes in pressure.
Development of Modern Medium-and -High Speed Marine Diesel Engine and Our Countermeasure (2002)

Some up-to-date and sophisticated models of marine diesel engine with a medium bore size and high outputpower are enumerated, with presentation being given to their technological progression in such aspects as reliability design,high-degree super-charging, high pressure fuel injection and intellectualized government. Meanwhile, countermeasures tobe taken to expedite our diesel engine industries are proposed, based on revealing our disperity in the said technical fields.
A dose-seeking trial of edatrexate in combination with vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin, and filgrastim (EVAC/G-CSF) in patients with advanced malignancies: promising antineoplastic activity against non-small cell lung carcinomas. (1997)

The maximum tolerated dose and the recommended phase II dose of edatrexate is 100 mg/m2/day when administered as part of the EVAC/G-CSF program following schedule 3. Promising antineoplastic activity against non-small cell lung carcinomas was observed, and a phase II study is planned.
Medicaid trailblazer. Bush's nomination of EPA chief and former Utah Gov. Michael Leavitt as HHS secretary may be preview of coming attractions. (2005)

Is Medicaid next? That's what some in Washington are wonderng as they ponder the nomination of EPA Administrator Michael Leavitt, left, to head HHS. During his 11 years as Utah governor, Leavitt's most notable healthcare achievement was securing a Medicaid waiver that expanded coverage but cut benefits.
Frequent mutation of the p53 gene in human esophageal cancer. (1990)

Sequence alterations in the p53 gene have been detected in human tumors of the brain, breast, lung, and colon, and it has been proposed that p53 mutations spanning a major portion of the coding region inactivate the tumor suppressor function of this gene. To our knowledge, neither transforming mutations in oncogenes nor mutations in tumor suppressor genes have been reported in human esophageal tumors. We examined four human esophageal carcinoma cell lines and 14 human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas by polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct sequencing for the presence of p53 mutations in exons 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Two cell lines and five of the tumor specimens contained a mutated allele (one frameshift and six missense mutations). All missense mutations detected occurred at G.C base pairs in codons at or adjacent to mutations previously reported in other cancers. The identification of aberrant p53 gene alleles in one-third of the tumors we tested suggests that mutations at this locus are common genetic events in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus.
Establishment of Intestinal Microbiota during Early Life: a Longitudinal, Explorative Study of a Large Cohort of Danish Infants (2014)

Fecal samples were obtained from a cohort of 330 healthy Danish infants at 9, 18, and 36 months after birth, enabling characterization of interbacterial relationships by use of quantitative PCR targeting 31 selected bacterial 16S rRNA gene targets representing different phylogenetic levels. Nutritional parameters and measures of growth and body composition were determined and investigated in relation to the observed development in microbiota composition. We found that significant changes in the gut microbiota occurred, particularly from age 9 to 18 months, when cessation of breastfeeding and introduction of a complementary feeding induce replacement of a microbiota characterized by lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae with a microbiota dominated by Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Classification of samples by a proxy enterotype based on the relative levels of Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. showed that enterotype establishment occurs between 9 and 36 months. Thirty percent of the individuals shifted enterotype between 18 and 36 months. The composition of the microbiota was most pronouncedly influenced by the time of cessation of breastfeeding. From 9 to 18 months, a positive correlation was observed between the increase in body mass index and the increase of the short-chain-fatty-acid-producing clostridia, the Clostridum leptum group, and Eubacterium hallii. Considering previously established positive associations between rapid infant weight gain, early breastfeeding discontinuation, and later-life obesity, the corresponding microbial findings seen here warrant attention.
Investigation of a breathing surrogate prediction algorithm for prospective pulmonary gating (2011)

An ARMA model has been successfully applied to predict human respiratory phase occurrence. For a typical CT scanner gantry rotation period of 0.4 s (0.2 s prediction time step), the absolute error was relatively small, 0.06 +/- 0.02 s at peak inhalation and 0.05 +/- 0.04 s at peak exhalation. The application of the ARMA model for prospective pulmonary gating has been demonstrated.
Phase-matched second harmonic generation in poled dye/polymer waveguide (1991)

Poled film of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) is prepared. Poling effects of MNA molecular alignments are observed by reducing the absorption spectrum and increasing the refractive index of the film. Phase-matched second harmonic generation (SHG) is achieved using the mode dispersion relation of the optical waveguide with an estimated SHG conversion efficiency of 7.4 x 10(-3) % in the waveguide.
Single-Chain Urokinase Alone or Complexed to Its Receptor in Tetracycline-induced Pleuritis in Rabbits (2002)

Intrapleural loculation can increase morbidity in hemothoraces or parapneumonic effusions. Intrapleural fibrin precedes visceral-parietal pleural adhesions. We speculated that single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator alone or bound to its receptor could prevent these adhesions by their relative resistance to local inhibition by plasminogen activator inhibitors. We found that recombinant human single-chain urokinase-bound rabbit pleural mesothelial cells or lung fibroblasts with kinetics similar to that reported for human cells (kD of approximately 5 nM). The receptor-bound fibrinolysin maintained in vitro fibrinolytic activity in the presence of pleural fluids from rabbits with tetracycline-induced pleural injury over 24 hours. In rabbits given intrapleural single-chain urokinase 24 and 48 hours after intrapleural tetracycline (n = 10 animals), adhesions were prevented, whereas the receptor-complexed form (n = 12) attenuated adhesions versus vehicle/tetracycline-treated rabbits (n = 22, p <or= 0.005 in both cases). There were more adhesions in the complex than the single-chain urokinase group (p = 0.02). Residual antigenic but not functional evidence of the interventional agents remained in pleural fluids at 72 hours after tetracycline. No local or systemic bleeding occurred because of either interventional agent. The data demonstrate that single-chain urokinase inhibits, whereas lysin-receptor complexes attenuate, adhesion formation in tetracycline-induced pleural injury in rabbits.
Static‐noise margin analysis for a scaled‐down CMOS memory cell (1992)

Abstract The noise margins for CMOS SRAM cells composed of scaled‐down MOSFETs are described. First, an analytical method estimating the noise margins for the CMOS memory cells is proposed. Then scaled‐down MOSFET effects, i.e., the mobility degradation and the parasitic resistances will be considered. How each of these effects changes the noise margins will be studied using analytical equations. As a result, it will be determined that the mobility degradation worsens the read margin by considerably reducing the CMOS inverter logic threshold voltage. It will also be determined that the parasitic resistances associated with the drive transistors degrade the read margin. Finally, equations are derived for the threshold voltage and cell ratio for a given noise margin. Its effectiveness will be demonstrated for 0.2 μm CMOS memory cells.