gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AFFECTIVE COMPUTING FOR GAME DESIGN (2008)

Affective gaming has received much attention lately, as the gaming community recognizes the importance of emotion in the development of engaging games. Affect plays a key role in the user experience, both in entertainment and in âseriousâ games. Current focus in affective gaming is primarily on the sensing and recognition of the playersâ emotions, and on tailoring the game responses to these emotions. A significant effort is also being devoted to generating âaffective behaviorsâ in the game characters, and in player avatars, to enhance their realism and believability. Less emphasis is placed on modeling emotions, both their generation and their effects, in the game characters, and in user models representing the players. This paper discusses how the emerging discipline of affective computing contributes to each of these three elements of affective game design, with emphasis on the importance of affective modeling. The paper provides a summary of a conference tutorial whose aim is to enable game designers to make informed choices about where to incorporate emotion in games, and provide information about existing data and theories from the affective sciences, and relevant methods and techniques from affective computing, to support affect-focused game design.
Alkylation of Isoparaffins by Olefins in Presence of Hydrogen Fluoride (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylation of Isoparaffins by Olefins in Presence of Hydrogen FluorideCarl B. Linn and Aristid V. GrosseCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1945, 37, 10, 924–929Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50430a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50430a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views141Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Predicting Seat-Off and Detecting Start-of-Assistance Events for Assisting Sit-to-Stand With an Exoskeleton (2016)

Accurate and reliable event prediction is imperative for supporting movement with an exoskeleton. Two events are important during a sit-to-stand movement: seat-off, the event at which the subject leaves the chair and start-of-assistance for hip and knee, the earliest time at which assistance may be provided. This letter analyzes two methods to predict and detect these events. Both methods only have joint encoder data as input. The model-based method uses probabilistic principle component analysis with a Kalman filter. Based on a statistically learned model, a joint trajectory is predicted. The seat-off event is predicted using its correlation with maximum hip angle. Since the start-of-assistance event has no clear correlation with joint trajectories, it cannot be detected with this method. The model-free method is a feed-forward neural network, which learns a mapping between inputs and events directly. It is applied to both seat-off prediction and start-of-assistance detection. Methods have been evaluated on 311 lab-recorded movements. For the seat-off event, the model-based method is more reliable than the model-free method. For the start-of-assistance event, the model-free method performs well, except in an outlier case for one subject. Both of these methods allow accurate and reliable event prediction, only using joint encoder data as inputs.
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor:retinoid X receptor heterodimer is activated by fatty acids and fibrate hypolipidaemic drugs (1993)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily and is activated by a variety of fibrate hypolipidaemic drugs and non-genotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens that are collectively termed peroxisome proliferators. A key marker of peroxisome proliferator action is the peroxisomal enzyme acyl CoA oxidase, which is elevated about tenfold in the livers of treated rodents. We have previously shown that a peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) is located 570 bp upstream of the rat peroxisomal acyl CoA oxidase gene and that PPAR binds to it. We show here that the retinoid X receptor (RXR) is required for PPAR to bind to the PPRE, and that the RXR ligand, 9-cis retinoic acid, enhances PPAR action. Retinoids may therefore modulate the action of peroxisome proliferators and PPAR may interfere with retinoid action, perhaps providing one mechanism to explain the toxicity of peroxisome proliferators. We have also shown that a variety of hypolipidaemic drugs and fatty acids can activate PPAR. This supports the suggestion that the physiological role of PPAR is to regulate fatty acid homeostasis, and provides further evidence that PPAR is the target of the fibrate class of hypolipidaemic drugs. Finally, we have demonstrated that a metabolically stabilized fatty acid is a potent PPAR activator, suggesting that fatty acids, or their acyl CoA derivatives, may be the natural ligands of PPAR.
Poverty and Stroke in India (2007)

In developed countries, the predominant health problems are those lifestyle-related illnesses associated with increased wealth. In contrast, diseases occurring in developing countries can largely be attributed to poverty, poor healthcare infrastructure, and limited access to care. However, many developing countries such as India have undergone economic and demographic growth in recent years resulting in a transition from diseases caused by poverty toward chronic, noncommunicable, lifestyle-related diseases. Despite this recent rapid economic growth, a large proportion of the Indian population lives in poverty. Although risk factors for stroke in urban Indian populations are similar to developed nations, it is likely that they may be quite different among those afflicted by poverty. Furthermore, treatment options for stroke are fewer in developing countries like India. Well-organized stroke services and emergency transport services are lacking, many treatments are unaffordable, and sociocultural factors may influence access to medical care for many stroke victims. Most stroke centers are currently in the private sector and establishing such centers in the public sector will require enormous capital investment. Given the limited resources available for hospital treatments, it would be logical to place a greater emphasis on effective populationwide interventions to control or reduce exposure to leading stroke risk factors. There also needs to be a concerted effort to ensure access to stroke care programs that are tailored to suit Indian communities and are accessible to the large majority of the population, namely the poor.
Automatic handwriting identification based on the external properties of the samples (1983)

A handwriting sample is identified by comparing its features to the corresponding features of a list of handwriting samples contained in a reference library. Some of the needed features are extracted from the structure of specific parts of the handwriting's sample which have to be identified first (e.g., specific letters). Other features are extracted from the external structure of the handwriting (e.g., margins). Due to their described property, these features are extracted automatically with relative ease. Techniques for extracting features of the described kind are presented in this work. Experimental results obtained when using the extracted features for identification purposes are then given.
Electrochemical Dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline to 3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline (2005)

Dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline to 3,4dihydroisoquinoline was carried out using an electrochemical method in the presence of KI.In this method, the iodide ion presumably played an important role as an electron carrier.
Primary structure of the human M2 mitochondrial autoantigen of primary biliary cirrhosis: dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase. (1988)

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic, destructive autoimmune liver disease of humans. Patient sera are characterized by a high frequency (greater than 95%) of autoantibodies to a Mr 70,000 mitochondrial antigen, a component of the M2 antigen complex. We have identified a human cDNA clone encoding the complete amino acid sequence of this autoantigen. The predicted structure has significant similarity with the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.12) of the Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. The human sequence preserves the Glu-Thr-Asp-Lys-Ala motif of the lipoyl-binding site and has two potential binding sites. Expressed fragments of the cDNA react strongly with sera from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis but not with sera from patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis or sera from healthy subjects.
URETHRA IS MORE SENSITIVE TO ISCHEMIA THAN BLADDER: (2001)

Experimental studies have demonstrated that ischemia may induce significant bladder dysfunction. Because multiple causes leading to bladder ischemia also decrease urethral perfusion, we assessed the effect of in vitro ischemia on the contractile responses of the rat bladder and urethra. We evaluated the hypothesis that neurogenic dysfunction in urethral ischemic injury occurs before myogenic dysfunction is present. We also compared contractile responses of the rat bladder and urethra to in vitro ischemia followed by reoxygenation.Isolated strips of rat bladder detrusor muscle and prostatic urethra were incubated in normal physiological medium and stimulated electrically and chemically. In vitro ischemia was produced by incubating tissue in ischemic medium for 30 or 60 minutes. The maximal tension and maximal rate of tension generated were analyzed digitally before ischemia and after ischemia followed by reoxygenation.We demonstrated that after 30 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion the maximal rate of tension generated decreased significantly only in the urethra and only in response to field stimulation. After 60 minutes of ischemia the decrease in urethral contractile responses was greater than the decrease in bladder contractile responses. Ischemia 60 minutes in duration caused a significant decrease in the maximal rate of tension generated as well as maximal tension in the urethra and bladder but only in response to field stimulation.This experiment demonstrates that the urethra is more sensitive to ischemic injury than the bladder. Our finding may explain the development and symptoms of urinary incontinence secondary to sphincteric damage before bladder dysfunction is present. We also demonstrated that in the bladder and urethra the response to field (neurogenic) stimulation is the most sensitive form of stimulation to ischemia.
Pulse-Width-Control Method of Voltage-Source 3-Phase Inverter to Reduce Common-Mode Voltage (2022)

In this study, we propose a novel pulse-width modulation (PWM) method to reduces common-mode noise. The proposed method includes a 120-degree dormant two-phase modulated three-phase inverter that the comparative carrier of one of the two modulation phases. This configuration is easy to implement because it uses a triangular-wave carrier comparison. In an experiment using a three-phase inverter, the common-mode current was reduced by approximately 60%, and in particular, the carrier frequency component was reduced to approximately 1/10 that of the conventional sine-wave comparison PWM.
Total Synthesis of (.+-.)-Pyridoxatin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal Synthesis of (.+-.)-PyridoxatinBarry B. Snider and Qing LuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 26, 8065–8070Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00105a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00105a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1450Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel Strategies for Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma: Previous Experience and Future Directions (2012)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a life-threatening haematological malignancy for which standard therapy is inadequate. Autologous stem cell transplantation is a relatively effective treatment, but residual malignant sites may cause relapse. Allogeneic transplantation may result in durable responses due to antitumour immunity mediated by donor lymphocytes. However, morbidity and mortality related to graft-versus-host disease remain a challenge. Recent advances in understanding the interaction between the immune system of the patient and the malignant cells are influencing the design of clinically more efficient study protocols for MM. Cellular immunotherapy using specific antigen-presenting cells (APCs), to overcome aspects of immune incompetence in MM patients, has received great attention, and numerous clinical trials have evaluated the potential for dendritic cell (DC) vaccines as a novel immunotherapeutic approach. This paper will summarize the data investigating aspects of immunity concerning MM, immunotherapy for patients with MM, and strategies, on the way, to target the plasma cell more selectively. We also include the MM antigens and their specific antibodies that are of potential use for MM humoral immunotherapy, because they have demonstrated the most promising preclinical results.
SmartRotuaari - Context-Aware Mobile Multimedia Services (2003)

This paper presents the SmartRotuaari service system, which moti-vated by business and customer surveys provides a diverse set of consumer applications ranging from rapid and highly personalized mobile direct marketing to information, communication and pay-ment services. We present results from the first field trial to show that SmartRotuaari provides a functional framework for large-scale field trials for the purpose of empirical evaluation of technology, new services, customer behavior and business models in real end user environment. Our work is based on a seamless cooperation between the various players in the R&amp;D and business networks. To stimulate this cooperation we also extend our work to management research of value creating networks. 1
특집 : 문화복지를 다시 생각한다 ; 문화격차 해소에 대한 평가와 전망 (2010)

1970년대부터 문화정책의 목표로서 제시되어 온 문화복지 정책은 문화 인프라의 확충을 통해 국민들의 문화 향수 증진에 이바지하였다. 본 연구는 문화 인프라의 확충이 이루어진 기간 동안 실제 국민들의 문화예술 관람 활동에 어떠한 변화가 나타났는지를 실증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 통계청이 1990년부터 2009년까지 7회에 걸쳐 수행한 사회통계조사의 문화향수 관련 조사 자료를 바탕으로 국민들의 문화향수 활동 증진과 문화격차 해소 현황을 분석하였다. 분석결과 1990년대 초반과 비교해 볼 때 문화예술 관람층이 확대된 것으로 평가된다. 교육수준과 지역규모에 따른 문화격차의 변화 현황을 보았을 때는 지역규모에 따른 문화격차가 일부 해소되었으나, 여전히 교육수준과 지역규모에 따른 격차가 존재하는 것으로 나타나서 이에 대한 극복의 노력이 필요한 것으로 보인다. 끝으로 문화예술관람층 내에서 분화가 증가하여 상대적인 문화적 불평등의 가능성이 증가한 것으로 나타났다.
Measurement of Gene Expression from Single Adherent Cells and Spheroids Collected Using Fast Electrical Lysis (2007)

The cytosol of a single adherent cell was collected by the electrical cell lysis method with a Pt-ring capillary probe, and the cellular messenger RNA (mRNA) was analyzed at a single-cell level. The ring electrode probe was positioned 20 microm above the cultured cells that formed a monolayer on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode, and an electric pulse with a magnitude of 40 V was applied for 10 micros between the probe and the ITO electrodes in an isotonic sucrose solution. Immediately after the electric pulse, less than 1 microL of the lysed solution was collected using a micro-injector followed by RNA purification and first strand cDNA synthesis. Real-time PCR was performed to quantify the copy numbers of mRNA encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) expression inside the single cell. The average copy numbers of GAPDH mRNA collected by the electrical cell lysis method were found to be comparable to those obtained by a simple capillary suction method. Although single-cell analysis has already been demonstrated, we have shown for the first time that the fast electrical cell lysis can be used for quantitative mRNA analysis at the single-cell level. This electrical cell lysis method was further applied for the analysis of mRNA obtained from single spheroids-the aggregated cellular masses formed during the three-dimensional culture -- as a model system to isolate small cellular clusters from tissues and organs.
Identification of Inhibitors for Mycobacterial Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B (MptpB) by Biology‐Oriented Synthesis (BIOS) (2007)

Protein phosphatases have recently emerged as important targets for research in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, and new classes of phosphatase inhibitors are in high demand. BIOS (biology-oriented synthesis) employs the criteria of relevance to nature and biological prevalidation for the design and synthesis of compound collections. In an application of the BIOS principle, an efficient solid-phase synthesis of highly substituted indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidines by using a vinylogous Mannich-Michael reaction in combination with phosgene- or acid-mediated ring closure was developed. Screening of this library for phosphatase inhibitors yielded a new inhibitor class for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphatase MptpB.
Correction To The Journal Of Lightwave Technology April 1998 Table Of Contents (1998)

Summary form only, as follows. The topical heading of "Fibers" was omitted from JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY's April 1998 Table of Contents. The following papers, which were included under "Systems" should have been listed under "Fibers." 1) "Corrections to Fixed Analyzer Measurements of Polarization Mode Dispersion" by P.A. Williams and C.M. Wang. 2) "Signal-Induced Refractive Index Changes in Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers" by M. Janos and S.C. Guy. 3) "Generating Mechanism of Maintaining Force for Optical Fiber Installed in Ferrule Hole" by M. Takahashi. 4) "Simulation and Characteristics of Long-Period Fiber Bragg Grating Coherence Spectrum" by Y. Zhao and J.C. Palais. 5) "Nd-Doped Double-Clad Fiber Amplifier at 1.06μm" by T. Miyazaki, K. Inagaki, Y. Karasawa, and M. Yoshida. 6) "Improved Design of APC Optical Connectors with Slanted Angle of 12° for Dispersion Shifted Optical Fiber" by M. Takahashi.
InSPIREd - advances in Conformal Printing: 3D printing onto unknown uneven surfaces (2017)

The term Conformal Printing refers to 3D printing onto uneven surfaces. Whilst some very high priced solutions exist for known uneven surfaces, where the toolpath is generated in advance, based on CAD data of the object to be printed onto, there is nothing available yet for conformal printing onto unknown uneven surfaces that are scanned on-the-fly. A low-cost prototype named `InSPIREd' was recently developed to achieve this, made possible with a combination of multi-disciplinary expertise, ingenuity and problem tackling knowhow, and the latest improvements are presented in this paper. The prototype now includes more capable scanning technology and a simplified calibration procedure.
Alternative splicing of MDM2 during breast tumorigenesis and mammary gland development (1998)

The regulation of genes involved in proliferation and cell cycle control plays a critical role in normal development and differentiation. Aberrant expression of genes promoting proliferation (oncogenes) or loss of genes involved in restraining cell growth (tumor suppressors) can result in cancer. The p53 tumor suppressor protein has been demonstrated to play a critical role in both tumorigenesis and normal developmental processes. The mdm2 proto-oncogene can regulate the activity and stability of p53 protein. This suggested that mdm2 functions in development and tumorigenesis through p53-dependent mechanisms. However, mdm2 has also been shown to interact with factors involved in the regulation of cell cycle control, transcription and ribosome biosynthesis. The aim of this dissertation was to examine whether mdm2 expression during breast tumorigenesis and during normal mammary gland development in the mouse was regulated by p53-dependent or -independent mechanisms. The first segment of this work involved the analysis of alternative splicing of mdm2 mRNA during breast tumorigenesis in mice and humans. The second element of this dissertation examined the role of p53 in regulating the expression of mdm2 mRNA in adult tissues from the mouse and during normal mammary gland development in the mouse. Results from these experiments demonstrated that truncated mdm2 mRNA are expressed in mouse and human breast tissues. These truncated transcripts are predicted to code for mdm2 proteins that have lost C-terminal sequences involved in regulating proteolytic cleavage of mdm2 itself and in targeting p53 for ubiquitin mediated proteosomal degradation.
Identification of a specific reprogramming-associated epigenetic signature in human induced pluripotent stem cells (2012)

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by the expression of specific transcription factors depends on successful epigenetic reprogramming to a pluripotent state. Although hiPSCs and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) display a similar epigenome, recent reports demonstrated the persistence of specific epigenetic marks from the somatic cell type of origin and aberrant methylation patterns in hiPSCs. However, it remains unknown whether the use of different somatic cell sources, encompassing variable levels of selection pressure during reprogramming, influences the level of epigenetic aberrations in hiPSCs. In this work, we characterized the epigenomic integrity of 17 hiPSC lines derived from six different cell types with varied reprogramming efficiencies. We demonstrate that epigenetic aberrations are a general feature of the hiPSC state and are independent of the somatic cell source. Interestingly, we observe that the reprogramming efficiency of somatic cell lines inversely correlates with the amount of methylation change needed to acquire pluripotency. Additionally, we determine that both shared and line-specific epigenetic aberrations in hiPSCs can directly translate into changes in gene expression in both the pluripotent and differentiated states. Significantly, our analysis of different hiPSC lines from multiple cell types of origin allow us to identify a reprogramming-specific epigenetic signature comprised of nine aberrantly methylated genes that is able to segregate hESC and hiPSC lines regardless of the somatic cell source or differentiation state.