gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new preparation for microcirculatory studies of the hamster cheek pouch (1985)

Existing methods of preparing the hamster cheek pouch for observation under an intravital microscope have several disadvantages. The everted method, described by Duling (Microvasc. Res. 5: 423-429, 1973), appears to restrict blood flow by placing unnatural tension on the retractor muscle and by requiring an incision in the tip of the pouch. The method of Yamaki et al. (Microvasc. Res. 21: 299-301, 1981) requires an incision in the tip of the pouch and complete disconnection of the retractor muscle. The chamber method of Greenblatt et al. (Microvasc. Res. 1: 420-432, 1969) has a limited optical resolution because the tissue cannot easily be transilluminated with properly condensed light. We have devised a less traumatic method of preparing the pouch, which eliminates these disadvantages. The hamster is anesthetized, and a thin, glass support plate is inserted into the left cheek pouch. The plate is constructed and positioned so that it does not restrict flow to any part of the pouch. The free end of the plate is secured to the animal stage. An incision is made in the skin to expose the cheek pouch, and the loose, avascular connective tissue investing the pouch and the retractor muscle is removed. The pouch is positioned at an angle of 20 degrees from the hamster's body in a temperature-controlled chamber over a standard microscope condensor system. Throughout both surgical and experimental procedures, the pouch is superfused with Ringer-bicarbonate solution at 37.5 degrees C. This preparation minimizes surgical trauma and allows the entire vascular supply to the cheek pouch to be studied.
Photoelectric Observations of Two RR Lyrae Stars, UU Virginis and ST Canum Venaticorum (1968)

Photoelectric observations in the UBV system of the two RR Lyrae stars UU Virginis and ST Canum Venaticorum are described. Photoelectric observations of the two RR Lyrae stars UU Virginis (BD +002900; magnitude 10.5; a 12h03m.5, 8 + ', 1900) and ST Canum Venaticornm (BD +3002469; magnitude 11.4; a 13h531p1, 8 = 30o21 , 1900) were obtained with a 16-inch telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) during the winter of 1965. The observations were made with equipment which has been described elsewhere (Landolt 1964). The reductions for atmospheric extinction and transformation to the standard UBV system were performed on a CDC 1604 digital computer at the University of Texas. A comparison of the KPNO observations of standard stars with those of Johnson and Harris (1954) shows that there are no systematic differences (Figure 1). A total of 25 observations was obtained of UU Virginis and seven observations of ST Canum Venaticorum. UU Virginis The observations are listed in Table I. Two times of maxima were estimated (Table II) and combined with other available data (Zessewitsch 1935; Soloviev 1935; Alanija 1954) to yield a new ephemeris
ReCalendar: calendaring and scheduling applications with CPU and energy resource guarantees for mobile devices (2004)

We present an advance reservation scheme for CPU and energy resources, called ReCalendar. The goal is to enable soft real-time applications on mobile devices to achieve desired performance and lifetime. ReCalendar achieves this goal via two distinctive phases, calendaring and scheduling. In the calendaring phase, a calendar is used to arrange applications and to request CPU and energy reservations for calendared applications. In the scheduling phase, the resource manager enforces admitted reservations via CPU frequency/voltage adaptation and frequency-aware soft real-time scheduling. We have implemented the ReCalendar prototype and experimentally shown that, compared with previous approaches that support only immediate reservation or CPU advance reservation, ReCalendar achieves longer battery lifetime and higher overall system utility.
La ventilation naturelle : développement d'un outil d'évalulation du potentiel de la climatisation passive et d'aide à la conception architecturale (2007)

La ventilation naturelle est une stratégie passive, sans moyen mécanique, de maintenir un environnement intérieur confortable. La présente recherche a pour but de développer une méthode permettant aux concepteurs de vérifier en phase de préconcept, de façon sommaire, l’influence des principaux choix architecturaux sur la capacité à refroidir un bâtiment par la ventilation naturelle. Un outil informatique développé dans le cadre de cette recherche, HUVENT, permet de supporter les concepteurs de bâtiments ventilés naturellement par rapport à l’orientation du bâtiment, la disposition et le dimensionnement des ouvrants. Une étude de validation de l’outil a été effectuée et fait partie du présent mémoire de recherche. Dans le contexte où le compte à rebours sur le réchauffement du climat est bien enclenché et que les opportunités de refroidissement passif seront de plus en plus limitées, cette recherche présente le climat québécois et évalue la période annuelle favorable à la ventilation naturelle.
Suppression of the human mucosal‐related colonic microflora with prophylactic parenteral and/or oral antibiotics (1990)

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of preoperative administration of parenteral antibiotics with or without concomitant preoperative administration of oral antibiotics on the colonic mucosal-related microflora. Thirty-one patients were studied in a prospective fashion. Group A patients (n = 8) had colonoscopic mucosal biopsies performed after mechanical bowel preparation. Group B patients (n = 5) received neomycin and erythromycin (NE), 1 g each following mechanical bowel preparation, at 1, 2, and 11 p.m. the evening prior to either elective colon resection (n = 2) or prior to colonoscopic biopsy (n = 3). Emergent trauma patients who had left colon or sigmoid perforations due to gunshot wounds requiring segmental resection comprised group C (n = 7). These patients received cefoxitin or cefotetan 2 g intravenously preoperatively. Individuals in group D (n = 11) all had elective left hemicolectomies or sigmoid resections due to nonobstructing malignancies. These patients underwent the same regimen as group B patients in addition to receiving intravenous cefoxitin perioperatively. Quantitative and qualitative bacterial cultures as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the mucosa-associated flora. Tissue for culture and SEM were obtained from the pathologic specimen immediately after removal. The interval between the dosage of parenteral antibiotics to tissue removal was 3 hours in both groups. Anaerobic and aerobic counts were suppressed the greatest in patients receiving both oral and parenteral antibiotics (p = 0.0001). Mean anaerobic counts decreased from 3.4 X 10(7) in group A to 1.8 X 10(2) (mean cfu/g) in group D patients. Mean aerobic counts in group A decreased from 3.7 X 10(6) to 64 (mean cfu/g) in group D.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Modulation of room-temperature GaAs lasers at X-band frequencies (1978)

GaAs lasers operating at room temperature are directly modulated at X-band frequencies. A fast silicon avalanche photodiode is used to demodulate the laser light.
Radiation‐induced crosslinking of cellulose with acrolein (1971)

Abstract The process of radiation‐induced crosslinking of cellulose is found to be highly influenced by radiation dosage and dose as well as by the solvents used and their concentration. The best crease resistance has been obtained in cases when cellulose is crosslinked with acrolein in the vapor phase. Moreover, the process is entirely radiation‐induced and practically no homopolymer is formed. Chemical analysis and investigations of infrared spectra indicate that crosslinking proceeds on vinyl as well as on aldehyde groups of acrolein.
Sterol Biosynthesis (1981)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Preparation of some 3‐hydroxy‐ and 3‐mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazoles. Reaction of aliphatic selenone esters with semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide derivatives (1978)

Abstract The synthesis, mass and nrnr spectra of a number of 3‐hydroxy‐ and 3‐mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazoles has been described.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of molecular interactions of heptafluoro-1-butanol or 1-butanol in supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical ethane (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFourier transform infrared spectroscopy of molecular interactions of heptafluoro-1-butanol or 1-butanol in supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical ethaneGeary G. Yee, John L. Fulton, and Richard D. SmithCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 15, 6172–6181Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100194a017https://doi.org/10.1021/j100194a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views496Altmetric-Citations104LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Interactions Between Idiothetic Cues and External Landmarks in the Control of Place Cells and Head Direction Cells (1998)

Two types of neurons in the rat brain have been proposed to participate in spatial learning and navigation: place cells, which fire selectively in specific locations of an environment and which may constitute key elements of cognitive maps, and head direction cells, which fire selectively when the rat's head is pointed in a specific direction and which may serve as an internal compass to orient the cognitive map. The spatially and directionally selective properties of these cells arise from a complex interaction between input from external landmarks and from idiothetic cues; however, the exact nature of this interaction is poorly understood. To address this issue, directional information from visual landmarks was placed in direct conflict with directional information from idiothetic cues. When the mismatch between the two sources of information was small (45 degrees), the visual landmarks had robust control over the firing properties of place cells; when the mismatch was larger, however, the firing fields of the place cells were altered radically, and the hippocampus formed a new representation of the environment. Similarly, the visual cues had control over the firing properties of head direction cells when the mismatch was small (45 degrees), but the idiothetic input usually predominated over the visual landmarks when the mismatch was larger. Under some conditions, when the visual landmarks predominated after a large mismatch, there was always a delay before the visual cues exerted their control over head direction cells. These results support recent models proposing that prewired intrinsic connections enable idiothetic cues to serve as the primary drive on place cells and head direction cells, whereas modifiable extrinsic connections mediate a learned, secondary influence of visual landmarks.
Prediction of nocturnal plasma melatonin from morning urinary measures (1998)

A growing literature indicates that blood levels of the hormone melatonin may have important implications for human health and well-being. Melatonin is synthesized and released into the general circulation at night, however, and it is seldom feasible to draw blood samples at night in epidemiological studies. There is some evidence that levels of urinary melatonin and of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), the major metabolite of melatonin, accurately reflect nocturnal plasma melatonin. If this is the case, urinary assays could be powerful tools for epidemiological studies. A laboratory-based study was performed to examine the relationships between nocturnal plasma melatonin, morning urinary melatonin, and morning urinary aMT6s levels in 78 men. The relationship between total nocturnal plasma melatonin and both urinary aMT6s corrected for creatinine and urinary melatonin is significant. Combining the two urinary measures accounts for 72% of the variance in total plasma melatonin. Peak nocturnal plasma melatonin also was significantly related to urinary melatonin and to aMT6s. The urinary measures show good sensitivity and specificity in identifying individual differences in nocturnal plasma melatonin levels. These results support the inclusion of morning urine samples to assess the contribution of the hormone melatonin in occupational or residential studies involving healthy, young men.
Multiple information tomosynthesis with grating-based phase-contrast imaging (2009)

Hard X-ray phase-contrast imaging has been a hot research field in the last decade. It can provide high sensitivity of weakly absorbing low-Z objects in medical and biological fields. Grating-based differential phase-contrast (DPC) method has been paid more attention to because it can work with conventional X-ray tube and shows great potential for clinic application. Tomosynthesis with the combination of phase-contrast imaging is considered as a promising imaging method which can significantly enhance the contrast of low absorbing tissues and eliminate the effects of superimposed tissue on anatomical structures and is especially useful for medical applications such as mammography. In this paper, an experimental phase-contrast tomosynthesis system is implemented based on a weakly coherent hard X-ray phase-contrast method proposed by our group recently. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by actual experiments. Multiple information (absorption, refraction and dark-field) of the samples can be retrieved in one single imaging process by information retrieving methods. Then tomosynthesis reconstructions can be performed based on the retrieved information. It can eliminate the overlap of the sample structures and provide more extensive image information compared with conventional tomosynthesis.
Protective Effect of Magnesium‐L‐Ascorbyl‐2 Phosphate Against Skin Damage Induced by UVB Irradiation (1996)

The protective effect of magnesium-L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (MAP) on cutaneous photodamage such as lipid peroxidation and inflammation induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure (290-320 nm, max. 312 nm) was investigated using hairless mice. When MAP was administered intraperitoneally to mice at a dose of 100 mg of ascorbic acid (AS) per kg body weight base immediately before irradiation (15 kj/m2), the expected increases in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) formation in skin and serum sialic acid, indices of lipid peroxidation and inflammatory reaction, respectively, were significantly reduced. However, the expected decrease in the level of cutaneous AS was unchanged. Similar results were observed for animals given 100 mg of AS-Na per kg body weight before UVB irradiation. When MAP was administered intracutaneously immediately before irradiation, the expected UVB-induced increases in TBARS and sialic acid were again significantly prevented. Ascorbic acid-Na had a less protective effect than intracutaneous MAP administration. The cutaneous AS level was significantly higher in the MAP-treated mice than in the controls, and the UVB-induced decrease in tissue AS was prevented by intracutaneous MAP administration. These results suggest that MAP protects against UVB irradiation-induced lipid peroxidation and inflammation in cutaneous tissue, regardless of the drug administration route. We found, in an in vitro experiment, that MAP was converted to AS as it crossed the epidermis, but that AS-Na did not pass through the epidermis. Furthermore, MAP was also converted to AS in serum. These results suggest that the protective effect of MAP on UVB-induced cutaneous damage is due to conversion of MAP to AS.
Water resource monitoring systems and the role of satellite observations (2010)

Abstract. Spatial water resource monitoring systems (SWRMS) can provide valuable information in support of water management, but current operational systems are few and provide only a subset of the information required. Necessary innovations include the explicit description of water redistribution and water use from river and groundwater systems, achieving greater spatial detail (particularly in key features such as irrigated areas and wetlands), and improving accuracy as assessed against hydrometric observations, as well as assimilating those observations. The Australian water resources assessment (AWRA) system aims to achieve this by coupling landscape models with models describing surface water and groundwater dynamics and water use. A review of operational and research applications demonstrates that satellite observations can improve accuracy and spatial detail in hydrological model estimation. All operational systems use dynamic forcing, land cover classifications and a priori parameterisation of vegetation dynamics that are partially or wholly derived from remote sensing. Satellite observations are used to varying degrees in model evaluation and data assimilation. The utility of satellite observations through data assimilation can vary as a function of dominant hydrological processes. Opportunities for improvement are identified, including the development of more accurate and higher spatial and temporal resolution precipitation products, and the use of a greater range of remote sensing products in a priori model parameter estimation, model evaluation and data assimilation. Operational challenges include the continuity of research satellite missions and data services, and the need to find computationally-efficient data assimilation techniques. The successful use of observations critically depends on the availability of detailed information on observational error and understanding of the relationship between remotely-sensed and model variables, as affected by conceptual discrepancies and spatial and temporal scaling.
ALKYLOXY ALKYLAMINO PROPANOLS AS MULTIFUNCTIONAL FUEL STABILIZERS (2001)

Abstract Nine different derivatives of alkyloxy alkylamino propanols were synthesised from epichlorohydrin, straight or branched chain primary and secondary alcohols and tertiary alkyl primary amines as well as straight chain primary amine. Their sedimentation inhibition characteristics in distillate fuels of various compositions were studied in comparison to tertiary alkyl primary amines as well as some known commercial additives of similar nature. It is inferred that the replacement of hydrogen in tertiary alkyl primary amines with a long chain hydroxy ether greatly improves the sediment inhibiting properties of tertiary alkyl primary amines, which were otherwise not found very effective in the fuels employed for present studies. Moreover it has been concluded that among these derivatives tertiary-dodecyl appears to be most optimum chain length for the amine moeity and eight C-atoms in the alkyl chain backbone of alcohol moiety is the most optimum for effective inhibition. Sedimentation values have been reduced from 10 mg/100 ml to 2.89 mg/100 ml for 3(3,7 dimethyl octyloxy)-1(t-dodecylamino)-Propan-2-ol employed as inhibitor. Acknowledgments
Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Hydrophobic Agents using Mesoporous Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles as Carrier Systems (2009)

Targeted nanoparticle-mediated intracellular delivery is demonstrated using two hydrophobic fluorophores as model drug cargo. The presented hybrid carrier system exhibits both cancer cell-targeting ability and capacity to retain a hydrophobic agent with subsequent specific release into the endosomal compartment. Furthermore, the incorporated agent is shown to be able to escape from the endosomes into the cytoplasm, making the particles promising candidates as carriers for targeted drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Brain and Spinal MR Imaging Findings in Mucopolysaccharidoses: A Review (2012)

MPS represents a group of rare hereditary disorders characterized by multisystem involvement due to intralysosomal GAG accumulation. Among various tissues, both the central and peripheral nervous system are affected in almost all types of the disease. Thus, brain and spinal MR imaging are valuable tools for the assessment of neurologic involvement, and there is evidence that they might be reliable markers demonstrating disease severity and efficacy of treatment options currently used in patients with MPS. We aimed to review the most prominent MR imaging features of patients with MPS, paying attention to the physiopathologic mechanisms responsible for these alterations. Along with the description of neuroimaging findings, existing data in relation to their correlation with the severity of neurologic involvement is discussed, while another topic of great importance is the effect of various therapeutic regimens in the progression of brain and spinal MR imaging alterations. Finally, recent data concerning MR spectroscopy studies in MPS are also critically discussed.
Arrested Developments: CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance and Alterations in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment (2018)

The uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells has led to the development of small-molecule inhibitors to target cell-cycle progression. Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are ATP-competitive inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6), which function early within the G<sub>1</sub> phase of the cell cycle. Recently, CDK4/6 inhibitors have gained FDA approval in postmenopausal estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer and testing in other cancer types is underway. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors frequently develops. In addition, targeting CDK4/6 may augment the action of immune checkpoint blockade agents. Here, we review recent studies that provide the preclinical rationale for treatment combinations and schedules that include CDK4/6 inhibitors. Furthermore, we discuss inhibitor effects on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a preclinical rationale for targeting CDK4/6 in combination with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies.