gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
12-GHz-Band Low-Noise GaAs Monolithic Amplifiers (1983)

One- and two-stage 12-GHz-band low-noise GaAs monolithic amplifiers have been developed for use in direct broadcasting satellite (DBS) receivers. The one-stage amplifier provides a less than 2.5-dB noise figure with more than 9.5-dB associated gain in the 11.7-12.7-GHz band. In the same frequency band, the two-stage amplifier has a less tlhan 2.8-dB noise figure with more than 16-dB associated gain. A 0.5-µm gate closely spaced electrode FET with an ion-implanted active layer is employed in the amplifier in order to achieve a low-noise figure without reducing reproducibility. The chip size is 1 mm x 0.9 mm for the one-stage amplifier, and 1.5 mm x 0.9 mm for the two-stage amplifier.
The Cytoskeleton of Primary Astrocytes in Culture Contains Actin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, and the Fibroblast‐Type Filament Protein, Vimentin (1981)

Primary astrocytes were cultured from forebrains of 1-day-old rats. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that approximately 80% of the cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and greater than 80% were stained with an antiserum to the molecular weight 58,000 fibroblast intermediate filament protein (vimentin). Gel electrophoresis of Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton preparations from these cultures revealed three major bands having molecular weights of 58,000, 51,000, and 42,000, together with some prominent lower-molecular-weight species. The protein of molecular weight 51,000 was not present in preparations from fibroblasts. Each of the three major astrocyte proteins was subjected to limited proteolysis, while two of the proteins were cleaved by cyanogen bromide. The electrophoretic peptide patterns of the 58,000 protein were similar to those of vimentin isolated from NIL-8 fibroblasts, and the patterns of the 51,000 protein were similar to those of GFAP isolated from rat spinal cord. The patterns of the protein of molecular weight 42,000 resembled those of muscle action. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis showed that the 51,000 astrocyte protein reacted with an antiserum to bovine GFAP, but the 58,000 and 42,000 proteins failed to react. We conclude that the major proteins of cytoskeleton preparations from cultured primary astrocytes are vimentin (58,000), GFAP (51,000), and actin (42,000), and that our data show no obvious structural relationship among them.
[Conservative treatment for early breast cancer]. (1996)

68 Cases of early breast cancer were divided into local resection group (33 cases) and local resection plus axillary dissection group (35 cases). The 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rate of the two groups were 97.0%, 78.8%, 72.7% and 94.3%, 80.0%, 77.1% respectively; The metastasis rate of the two groups were 6.1%, 12.1%, 3.0% and 8.6%, 17.1%, 8.6% respectively; and the local recurrence rate of the two groups were 6.1%, 6.1%, 3.0%, and 5.7%, 5.7%, 2.9% respectively ( P > 0.05). The cosmetic satisfaction rate of the two groups were 60.6% and 65.7% respectively ( P > 0.05). Factors relating to cosmetic results were type of breast, operative incision, age and postoperative radiotherapy. Conservative operation for early breast cancer was safe, provided incision margin was 2 cm approximately 3 cm. In all patients mammplasty was performed after tumor resection, and contralateral breast were treated by mammominification when it was necessary.
Associative Big Data Sharing in Community Clouds: The MeePo Approach (2015)

In a community cloud, multiple user groups dynamically share a massive number of data blocks. The authors present a new associative data sharing method that uses virtual disks in the MeePo cloud, a research storage cloud built at Tsinghua University. Innovations in the MeePo cloud design include big data metering, associative data sharing, data block prefetching, privileged access control (PAC), and privacy preservation. These features are improved or extended from competing features implemented in DropBox, CloudViews, and MySpace. The reported results support the effectiveness of the MeePo cloud.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Difluoroboron Complexes of Curcuminoid Derivatives Bearing Different Terminal Aromatic Units and a <i>meso</i>-Aryl Ring (2013)

The synthesis of nine curcuminoids and their difluoroboron complexes is described, with seven of them containing a meso-phenyl ring. Dynamic (19)F NMR confirmed the fact that rotation of that meso-aryl fragment is restricted in the latter systems at room temperature and become allowed at higher temperature (>45 °C). The molecular structure of a meso-substituted derivative in the solid state showed that the phenyl ring lies in a highly twisted plane with respect to the mean curcuminoid plane. The photophysical properties of the nine compounds were investigated in solvents of different polarity. Meso-substitution with a phenyl ring has little influence on fluorescence emission properties in solution, radiative and nonradiative kinetic constants being similar for meso- and nonsubstituted compounds, which is in contrast to the case of BODIPY derivatives. However, introduction of an electron donor p-methoxy group at the meso-phenyl ring leads to small perturbation of the curcuminoid π-system fluorescence emission. We also report the influence of the meso-phenyl group on the emission properties of the aggregated solids.
Identification of a mitochondrial glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> : evidence for a mitochondrial glycerol‐3‐phosphate shuttle in plants (2003)

We report molecular characterization of an Arabidopsis gene encoding a mitochondrial FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (FAD-GPDH) that oxidizes glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. We demonstrate through in vitro targeting assays that the encoded gene product can be imported into mitochondrial membrane systems. Enzyme activity of the protein was confirmed through heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. The Arabidopsis gene is expressed throughout plant development, but at the highest level during seed germination. We also show that expression of the Arabidopsis FAD-GPDH gene is coupled to oxygen consumption and affected by ABA and stress conditions. Together with an NAD(+)-dependent GPDH, this enzyme could form a G-3-P shuttle, as previously established in other eukaryotic organisms, and links cytosolic G-3-P metabolism to carbon source utilization and energy metabolism in plants.
Sphingolipid biosynthesis in man and microbes (2018)

A new review covering up to 2018 Sphingolipids are essential molecules that, despite their long history, are still stimulating interest today. The reasons for this are that, as well as playing structural roles within cell membranes, they have also been shown to perform a myriad of cell signalling functions vital to the correct function of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Indeed, sphingolipid disregulation that alters the tightly-controlled balance of these key lipids has been closely linked to a number of diseases such as diabetes, asthma and various neuropathologies. Sphingolipid biogenesis, metabolism and regulation is mediated by a large number of enzymes, proteins and second messengers. There appears to be a core pathway common to all sphingolipid-producing organisms but recent studies have begun to dissect out important, species-specific differences. Many of these have only recently been discovered and in most cases the molecular and biochemical details are only beginning to emerge. Where there is a direct link from classic biochemistry to clinical symptoms, a number a drug companies have undertaken a medicinal chemistry campaign to try to deliver a therapeutic intervention to alleviate a number of diseases. Where appropriate, we highlight targets where natural products have been exploited as useful tools. Taking all these aspects into account this review covers the structural, mechanistic and regulatory features of sphingolipid biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes.
Continuous and pulsed X-ray induced partial discharges: similarities and differences (2006)

The partial discharge behavior in voids when induced by continuous and pulsed X-ray is investigated. For this work, epoxy samples with artificially generated voids were prepared. The experimental setup used allows simultaneous application of applied voltage and X-ray in the sample. Different values of the X-ray intensity were used during the tests. Phase resolved partial discharge was used for data acquisition and analysis by using statistical distributions. Quantitative parameters such as peak value of apparent charge and total apparent charge per cycle were determinate. Similarities and differences between these two X-ray irradiation modes are exposed, showing the potentiality of this technique as a tool for dielectric materials diagnosis
Immunomodulatory consequences of oral administration of <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> strain GG in healthy volunteers (2003)

Probiotic microorganisms, especially lactic acid bacteria, are effective in the treatment of infectious diarrhoeal diseases and experimental colitis. Although the mechanisms by which these organisms exert their anti-inflammatory effects are largely unknown, immunomodulating effects are suggested. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a 5-week oral administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus subspecies GG (Lb. GG) on the cellular immune response to intestinal microorganisms in ten healthy volunteers. Peripheral blood cells (PB) were stimulated with either 'self' or 'non-self' preparations of faecal samples and isolated Bacteroides fragilis group-organisms (Bfg) or Escherichia coli (Esch. coli), and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) were measured in the culture supernatant. CD4+ T-lymphocyte activation was determined by measurement of intracellular ATP following lysis of the cells. The activational response of CD4+ T-lymphocytes towards isolated and heat-inactivated intestinal organisms was increased after the probiotic treatment. Additionally, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and in part IFN-gamma cytokine secretion by PB cells following stimulation with whole stool preparations and single members of the flora was significantly decreased, whereas the IL-10 and in part IL-4 cytokine secretion was increased at the end of the study. In contrast, the activational response of CD4+ T-lymphocytes following stimulation with whole 'non-self' intestinal flora was higher than by 'self' intestinal flora, but both responses showed a trend towards a reduction at the end of the study. This study documents a direct effect by Lb. GG on the cellular immune system of healthy volunteers and offers a promising tool to investigate systemic immunomodulation due to oral administration of probiotic microorganisms.
Physical Rate Based Admission Control for HCCA in IEEE 802.11e WLANs (2005)

The IEEE 802.11 working group is currently working on the support of quality of service (QoS) in a new standard called IEEE 802.lie which introduces the so-called hybrid coordination function (HCF). A simple admission control unit has already been developed as a reference for HCF controlled channel access (HCCA) in a recent TGe draft. However, this reference scheme is inefficient because it is implemented based on the minimum physical rate from which the mobile stations' actual physical rates deviate greatly at most of the time. In this paper, we propose a physical rate based admission control scheme (PRBAC) which enhances the reference scheme by taking account of both the wireless channel characteristics and the stations' mobility. Numerical analysis and simulation results show the significant improvement of the proposed admission control scheme.
Glioma-Associated Antigen HEATR1 Induces Functional Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Patients with Glioma (2014)

A2B5+ glioblastoma (GBM) cells have glioma stem-like cell (GSC) properties that are crucial to chemotherapy resistance and GBM relapse. T-cell-based antigens derived from A2B5+ GBM cells provide important information for immunotherapy. Here, we show that HEAT repeat containing 1 (HEATR1) expression in GBM tissues was significantly higher than that in control brain tissues. Furthermore, HEATR1 expression in A2B5+ U87 cells was higher than that in A2B5-U87 cells (P = 0.016). Six peptides of HEATR1 presented by HLA-A∗02 were selected for testing of their ability to induce T-cell responses in patients with GBM. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors (n = 6) and patients with glioma (n = 33) were stimulated with the peptide mixture, eight patients with malignant gliomas had positive reactivity with a significantly increased number of responding T-cells. The peptides HEATR(1682-690), HEATR(11126-1134), and HEATR(1757-765) had high affinity for binding to HLA-A∗02:01 and a strong capacity to induce CTL response. CTLs against HEATR1 peptides were capable of recognizing and lysing GBM cells and GSCs. These data are the first to demonstrate that HEATR1 could induce specific CTL responses targeting both GBM cells and GSCs, implicating that HEATR1 peptide-based immunotherapy could be a novel promising strategy for treating patients with GBM.
Art for the Workers' Sake (1999)

At equipotent doses, patients converted to EC-MPS have higher and more adequate levels of MPA. At 6 months postconversion, we observed an improvement of the renal function, probably due to a reduction of calcineurin inhibitor drugs. However, the possibility that a better immunosuppressive efficacy as demonstrated by more suitable trough plasma levels may have been a contributing factor cannot be discarded.
Preparation and chemical properties of polysaccharidelipid complexes obtained from Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli. (1954)

Descriptions have been given of methods of isolation and of certain chemical properties of polysaccharide-lipid complexes from cultures of Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli . The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbohydrate were found to differ considerably among the preparations, depending on the strain of Serratia marcescens and the duration of growth of the cultures. A significant increase in the anthrone factor was noted following treatment of the complexes with alkali. The anthrone reaction rates suggest that Serratia marcescens can incorporate d-galactose and d-xylose as such into the structure of the polysaccharide-lipid complex.
Select Naphthenic Acids Beneficially Impact Oil-Water Dynamics During Smart Waterflooding (2018)

Abstract Injection of a generic naphthenic acid blend in waterflooding experiments has been shown to enhance oil recovery. A brine-oil interfacial response upon addition of organic acids has also been recorded and linked to the improved recovery response. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of several individual naphthenic acids on the oil-water interface and thereby determine which structure of acids is most potentially influential in improving oil recovery. Acids were selected based on water solubility and structure; analyses were conducted on several molecular structural characteristics to assess the relationship to interfacial responses. Based on the observed fluid-fluid interactions and the likelihood that the acid blend in previous work contained some of the acids studied, we propose a causative connection between the addition of organic acid blends and the recovery efficiency.
A New Insight into Hepatitis C Vaccine Development (2010)

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a serious burden to public health worldwide. Currently, HCV-infected patients could undergo antiviral therapy by giving pegylated IFN-alpha with ribavirin. However, this therapy is only effective in around 50% of patients with HCV genotype 1, which accounts for more than 70% of all HCV infection, and it is not well tolerated for most patients. Moreover, there is no vaccine available. The efforts on identifying protective immunity against HCV have progressed recently. Neutralizing antibodies and robust T cell responses including both CD4(+) and CD8(+) have been shown to be related to the clearance of HCV, which have shed lights on the potential success of HCV vaccines. There are many vaccines developed and tested before entering clinical trials. Here, we would first discuss strategies of viral immune evasion and correlates of protective host immunity and finally review some prospective vaccine approaches against chronic HCV infection.
Progesterone treatment reduces neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and brain damage and improves long-term outcomes in a rat model of repeated mild traumatic brain injury (2015)

These findings implicate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiological aftermath of mild brain injuries and suggest that progesterone may be a viable treatment option to mitigate these effects and their detrimental consequences.
A genome-wide survey of RS domain proteins. (2001)

Domains rich in alternating arginine and serine residues (RS domains) are frequently found in metazoan proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing. The RS domains of splicing factors associate with each other and are important for the formation of protein-protein interactions required for both constitutive and regulated splicing. The prevalence of the RS domain in splicing factors suggests that it might serve as a useful signature for the identification of new proteins that function in pre-mRNA processing, although it remains to be determined whether RS domains also participate in other cellular functions. Using database search and sequence clustering methods, we have identified and categorized RS domain proteins encoded within the entire genomes of Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This genome-wide survey revealed a surprising complexity of RS domain proteins in metazoans with functions associated with chromatin structure, transcription by RNA polymerase II, cell cycle, and cell structure, as well as pre-mRNA processing. Also identified were RS domain proteins in S. cerevisiae with functions associated with cell structure, osmotic regulation, and cell cycle progression. The results thus demonstrate an effective strategy for the genomic mining of RS domain proteins. The identification of many new proteins using this strategy has provided a database of factors that are candidates for forming RS domain-mediated interactions associated with different steps in pre-mRNA processing, in addition to other cellular functions.
Humanoid robots communication with participants using sign language: An interaction based sign language game (2013)

This work presents the preliminary results of an ongoing project which aims to use humanoid robots as sign language tutors. The study mainly focuses on children who have some problems when they are communicating with other individuals such as hearing-impaired or autistic children. In this paper, an interactive game, which is based on sign language, between a humanoid robot and a human participant is introduced. The game consists of an imitation based learning phase where the signs are taught in the first step and they are tested in the second step within the frame of an interaction game. The goal of the interactive game is to reinforce the semantic meaning of the signs in a motivating and engaging way, as well as to test the learning performance of the participants. We aim to design a comfortable learning environment by using the humanoid robot as an educational medium. The game also improves the participants' imitation and turn-taking skills and teaches the semantic meanings of the signs.
Selective impairment of long-term but not short-term conditional fear by the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist APV. (1992)

Previous research has indicated that the competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist APV (DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate) prevents the Pavlovian conditioning of fear to contextual stimuli when tested 24 hr, but not immediately, after training. The present study investigated this differential time-dependent effect of APV on fear conditioning. Rats were given either APV or saline and presented with 3 footshocks in a distinctive chamber. Promptly after the shock, rats that had received APV exhibited a species-typical fear response-freezing. However, the freezing lasted for only a short period of time (less than 3 min) compared with that of controls. An immediate-shock procedure showed that freezing was entirely a conditional response to the chamber. In addition, the results of a savings test suggest that APV impairs storage rather than retrieval processes. These results indicate that there are two temporally distinct associative fear processes, a short-term NMDA-independent conditional fear and a long-term NMDA-dependent conditional fear.
ChemInform Abstract: c‐Src Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, P190 RhoGAP, and Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates Diverse Cellular Processes (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Probing the Molecular Basis of Allergy (1999)

The three-dimensional structure of the major bovine allergen Bos d 2 has been determined by using x-ray diffraction at 1.8-A resolution. Structurally Bos d 2 is a member of the lipocalin family comprising proteins with transport functions. There is a flat small cavity inside the Bos d 2 protein core suitable for ligand binding, and it is possible that Glu115 and Asn37 inside the core are able to make hydrogen bonds with the ligand. Many allergens from different animals belong to the lipocalin family. The amino acid residue similarities between these lipocalins indicate putative regions for IgE binding. Comparison with the available allergen structures from other sources suggests that these allergens are roughly the same size and that their shape is more spherical than elliptical.
Image saliency by isocentric curvedness and color (2009)

In this paper we propose a novel computational method to infer visual saliency in images. The method is based on the idea that salient objects should have local characteristics that are different than the rest of the scene, being edges, color or shape. By using a novel operator, these characteristics are combined to infer global information. The obtained information is used as a weighting for the output of a segmentation algorithm so that the salient object in the scene can easily be distinguished from the background. The proposed approach is fast and it does not require any learning. The experimentation shows that the system can enhance interesting objects in images and it is able to correctly locate the same object annotated by humans with an F-measure of 85.61% when the object size is known, and 79.19% when the object size is unknown, improving the state of the art performance on a public dataset.
The Ubiquitin–Proteasome System in Parkinson's Disease (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Protein Handling in the CNS The UPS and Protein Mishandling in PD Parkin UCH-L1 α-Synuclein Dardarin/LRRK2 PINK1 DJ-1 Proteasomal Dysfunction in Sporadic PD Altered Proteasomal Function Role of Proteasomal Dysfunction in the Neurodegenerative Process The Cause of Proteasomal Dysfunction Conclusion References
Cell-Based Quantification of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions (2010)

Cell-based measurement of prion infectivity is currently restricted to experimental strains of mouse-adapted scrapie. Having isolated cell cultures with susceptibility to prions from diseased elk, we describe a modification of the scrapie cell assay allowing evaluation of prions causing chronic wasting disease, a naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. We compare this cervid prion cell assay to bioassays in transgenic mice, the only other existing method for quantification, and show this assay to be a relatively economical and expedient alternative that will likely facilitate studies of this important prion disease.