gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improving Campus Chilled Water Systems with Intelligent Control Valves: A Field Study (2013)

The degradation of the temperature difference between supply and return flow (known as ΔT degradation) in chilled water systems has been widely observed and documented over the last 25 years. High pumping energy consumption as well as reduced efficiency of the chillers operating under part-load conditions, lead to a decrease of overall system efficiency of chilled water plants. This article describes a field study conducted on two university campuses in Massachusetts and Colorado during the cooling season of 2011. The purpose of this experimental study was to alleviate ΔT degradation problems on both campuses through the use of intelligent pressure-independent control valves, and to quantify the improvements achieved. The MA field results revealed that the intelligent control valves when coupled with a ΔT management strategy have allowed the campus to serve additional cooling load on its campus with the same distribution and central plant system.
A Facile Debromination Reaction:  Can Bromide Now Be Used as a Protective Group in Aromatic Systems? (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Facile Debromination Reaction: Can Bromide Now Be Used as a Protective Group in Aromatic Systems?Han Young Choi and Dae Yoon ChiView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Inha University 253 Yonghyundong Namgu, Inchon 402-751, Korea Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 37, 9202–9203Publication Date (Web):August 22, 2001Publication History Received17 June 2001Revised2 August 2001Published online22 August 2001Published inissue 1 September 2001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0164374Copyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views4209Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (38 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Aromatic compounds,Bromine,Protective groups,Solvents Get e-Alerts
Global non-rigid alignment of 3-D scans (2007)

A key challenge in reconstructing high-quality 3D scans is registering data from different viewpoints. Existing global (multiview) alignment algorithms are restricted to rigid-body transformations, and cannot adequately handle non-rigid warps frequently present in real-world datasets. Moreover, algorithms that can compensate for such warps between pairs of scans do not easily generalize to the multiview case. We present an algorithm for obtaining a globally optimal alignment of multiple overlapping datasets in the presence of low-frequency non-rigid deformations, such as those caused by device nonlinearities or calibration error. The process first obtains sparse correspondences between views using a locally weighted, stability-guaranteeing variant of iterative closest points (ICP). Global positions for feature points are found using a relaxation method, and the scans are warped to their final positions using thin-plate splines. Our framework efficiently handles large datasets---thousands of scans comprising hundreds of millions of samples---for both rigid and non-rigid alignment, with the non-rigid case requiring little overhead beyond rigid-body alignment. We demonstrate that, relative to rigid-body registration, it improves the quality of alignment and better preserves detail in 3D datasets from a variety of scanners exhibiting non-rigid distortion.
Functional near infrared spectroscopy based congitive task classification using support vector machines (2010)

The present study analyzes brain hemodynamic concentration of frontal cortex during four cognitive mental tasks. The analysis procedure consists of three sequential steps. First, the strong brain activation regions have been investigated thoroughly from all subjects in order to find a proper electrode location that generates important brain stimuli. Second, a feature extraction method that is based on wavelet transforms and denoising technique for extraction of important task-relevant features. Finally, support vector machines have been using in the classification of mental tasks with wavelet input coefficients. By applying the methodology for 4-subjects in average we achieved 92 % classification rates. However, the results depend on the type of the task that subject were performing. It is expect that the proposed method can be a basic technology for brain-computer interface by combining wavelets with support vector machines.
Current Inorganic Membrane Technology for Gas Separation and it's Application to Carbone Dioxide Separation. (1994)

The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) started a new NEDO project in 1992. After two years fessibility study, Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JECC) has started research and development study from 1994.To know the current membrane technology, two missions were send to Europe and the USA last year. The author had chance to join both missions and visited main labolatories in the world which were doing research and development of ceramic membrane.In this report, 1) the technological subject to develop porous ceramic membrane are focoused, 2) current researches for controlling pore size by sol-gel method, CVD method and zeolite synthesis are introduced briefly, 3) evaluation techniques of membrane and sol particles are introduced shortly, 4) the membrane performance is discussed from the viewpoint of industrial usage and 5) applications of ceramic membrane for carbon dioxide separation.
Enzymatic strategies and biocatalysts for amide bond formation: tricks of the trade outside of the ribosome (2014)

Amide bond-containing (ABC) biomolecules are some of the most intriguing and functionally significant natural products with unmatched utility in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology. The enzymatic formation of an amide bond is therefore a particularly interesting platform for engineering the synthesis of structurally diverse natural and unnatural ABC molecules for applications in drug discovery and molecular design. As such, efforts to unravel the mechanisms involved in carboxylate activation and substrate selection has led to the characterization of a number of structurally and functionally distinct protein families involved in amide bond synthesis. Unlike ribosomal synthesis and thio-templated synthesis using nonribosomal peptide synthetases, which couple the hydrolysis of phosphoanhydride bond(s) of ATP and proceed via an acyl-adenylate intermediate, here we discuss two mechanistically alternative strategies: ATP-dependent enzymes that generate acylphosphate intermediates and ATP-independent transacylation strategies. Several examples highlighting the function and synthetic utility of these amide bond-forming strategies are provided.
The broad study of homograph disambiguity for Mandarin speech synthesis (2002)

How to increase the intelligibility and naturalness of synthetic speech has drawn much attention in Mandarin text-to-speech (TTS) research. This has always been treated as a bottleneck due to their effects on human perception. However, as qualities of synthetic speech increase for syllables, words or phrases, there is also an increasing need to improve the various components of the text processing. One of these desired improvements for Mandarin speech synthesis is the accuracy of the character-to-sound (CTS) process. From the viewpoint of application, the purpose of speech synthesis should be aimed at making the synthetic speech understandable by humans and minimizing the misunderstanding between them. It thus is very important to increase the accuracy of the CTS process. Such a process is designed to predict phonetic pronunciations from a coarse surface text input and the difficulty mainly results from ambiguous homograph characters. We propose an effective analysis method incorporated with linguistic knowledge to resolve homograph ambiguity. The methods we use in the experiments are discriminating lexical association and a tree-based language model. From the experiment results, we can get about 10% more improvement on the average accuracy rate than the traditional maximum frequency guess approach for most ambiguous homograph characters.
Advances in High-Throughput in-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Lithium Ion Batteries (2020)

X-ray diffraction using hard radiation (>17 keV) is able to measure lattice parameter and phase changes of cathode and anode materials simultaneously during battery cycling. Advances in hard radiation optics and detectors, combined with data logging software to correlate diffractometer and potentiostat data, are being used to improve in-situ battery analysis using laboratory diffractometers. Research previously done at synchrotrons can now be conducted with the laboratory diffractometer, improving opportunities for long-term experimental design. In this study, a reversible displacive phase transition in NMC cathodes, marked by significant contraction of the unit cell, is observed during cycling at a modest 4.2V potential. The magnitude of lattice contraction is dependent on the Ni content. This phase transition appears distinct from the H1 to H2 phase transition. Quantitative Rietveld anlaysis is used to precisely track lattice parameter changes in the cathode material. Because transmission diffraction measures cathode and anode simultaneously, anode phase content is quantified between C, LiC12, and LiC6 and these quantities are correlated to behavior of the cathode.
Crystal Growth and Characterization of HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+{\delta} Superconductor with the Highest Critical Temperature at Ambient Pressure (2018)

We report an original procedure for the elaboration of very high quality single crystals of superconducting HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+{\delta} mercury cuprates. These single crystals are unique with very high quality surface paving the way for spectroscopic, transport and thermodynamic probes in order to understand the hole-doped cuprate phase diagram. The superconductivity transition width of about 2 K indicates they are homogeneous. Annealing allows to optimize Tc up to Tc$^{max}$ = 133 K. We show for the first time that with adequate heat treatment, Hg-1223 can be largely under-doped and its doping level controlled. Importantly, the crystal structure was studied in detail by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and we have identified the signature of the under-doping by a detailed sample characterization and micro-Raman spectroscopy measurements.
Collect once, use many. Enabling the reuse of clinical data through controlled terminologies. (2007)

Capturing patient information with controlled terminologies can enable its reuse for a wide variety of purposes, from bed assignments to reporting to clinical alerts.
The role of complement inhibitors beyond controlling inflammation (2017)

The complement system is an arm of innate immunity that aids in the removal of pathogens and dying cells. Due to its harmful, pro-inflammatory potential, complement is controlled by several soluble and membrane-bound inhibitors. This family of complement regulators has been recently extended by the discovery of several new members, and it is becoming apparent that these proteins harbour additional functions. In this review, the current state of knowledge of the physiological functions of four complement regulators will be described: cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), CUB and sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1), sushi domain-containing protein 4 (SUSD4) and CD59. Complement activation is involved in both the development of and defence against cancer. COMP expression is pro-oncogenic, whereas CSMD1 and SUSD4 act as tumour suppressors. These effects may be related in part to the complex influence of complement on cancer but also depend on unrelated functions such as the protection of cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress conveyed by intracellular COMP. CD59 is the main inhibitor of the membrane attack complex, and its deficiency leads to complement attack on erythrocytes and severe haemolytic anaemia, which is now amenable to treatment with an inhibitor of C5 cleavage. Unexpectedly, the intracellular pool of CD59 is crucial for insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. This finding is one of several relating to the intracellular functions of complement proteins, which until recently were only considered to be present in the extracellular space. Understanding the alternative functions of complement inhibitors may unravel unexpected links between complement and other physiological systems, but is also important for better design of therapeutic complement inhibition.
Topical Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type I Suppresses Ocular Chemokine Gene Expression and Rejection of Allogeneic Corneal Transplants (2000)

Our findings support the feasibility of a topical anticytokine strategy as a means of reducing corneal allograft rejection without resorting to the use of potentially toxic immunosuppressive drugs.
Study on the Fabrication of Aspherical Surfaces (1963)

Various methods of fabricating aspherical surfaces are described in detail. In the method of successive approaches by tools, the figuring procedures and the measuring apparatus were studied. In order to get higher figuring efficiency, a grinding machine consisting of a turntable and a profile tracer with a tool was developed. For the fabrication of conic sections, the tracing arm was operated with a linkage. A tracing system by means of a cam, however, was found to be most satisfactory for general aspherical surfaces. The grinding of a deformed thin plate was also found to be an effective technique when the desired surface was nearly in plane.
Literature Review and Outcome of Classic Galactosemia Diagnosed in the Neonatal Period (2013)

Early diagnosis of galactosemia and treatment with a galactose-restricted diet could partially prevent and recover complications of the disease, but not all of them. Cataracts can develop even in the first few weeks of life. Early diagnosis seems important in the prevention of severe cataracts. Therefore, newborn screening for galactosemia should improve morbidity.
Clinical evaluation of the hot caloric test as a screening procedure (1973)

Abstract A clinical assessment of the relative values of the hot, the cold and the bithermal hot and cold caloric tests was carried out in a group of normals as compared to patients suffering from vestibular neuronitis, Ménière's disease, head injuries and acoustic neuromas. Results indicate that the hot or the cold test alone does not provide as much information as the bithermal test. A correlation of this result was made to the presence of a spontaneous nystagmus, positional nystagmus and directional preponderance. These forms of nystagmus present are unable to predict the indication for the hot caloric test alone. It is concluded that bithermal tests be continued until further progress on standardization and normal data are available for each of the three sets of tests, obtained separately.
EXTRACTION OF BETULIN BY VACUUM PYROLYSIS OF BIRCH BARK (2002)

ABSTRACT Separation of betulin from the outer bark of Betula papyrifera birch tree by sublimation in a batch vacuum pyrolysis reactor was studied in the temperature range of 250–300°C and under a total pressure of 0.7 kPa. Yield of 9.5% by weight of betulin on an anhydrous bark basis was obtained. The total yield of extractives was in the range of 28–32%. The purification of betulin was achieved by solvent extraction followed by crystallization. In comparison, soxhlet extraction using dichloromethane yielded 11.5% of betulin. The structural analysis of the purified betulin has been made by GC/MS and 1H NMR. Keywords: BetulinBirchBarkExtractionSublimationVacuumPyrolysisAnalysis Acknowledgments
Processing And Interpretation Of Magnetotelluric Soundings†Paper presented at the 40th Annual International SEG Meeting, November 10, 1970, New Orleans, Louisiana.Manuscript received by the Editor March 15, 1971; revised manuscript received June 12, 1972. (1972)

Abstract A few methods in the processing and interpretation of magnetotelluric soundings over a stratified earth are investigated, with emphasis on the less commonly used time-domain procedures. Analytical expressions of the theoretical transfer function between the magnetic- and electric-field variations, both in frequency and time domain, are derived. Their properties are studied, and recursive algorithms are given for their numerical computation. On the other hand, a procedure is outlined which leads directly in the time domain to the experimental values of this transfer function. It is similar to the methods used in seismic analysis for signal determination and makes use of the auto- and crosscorrelation functions of the measured field variations. Finally, methods of interpretation, based either on a visual or on an automatic comparison of these theoretical and experimental transfer functions, are proposed. For the case of automatic interpretation, complementary geologic data should be used where possible to take care of the lack of uniqueness of the solution.
The localization of adrenomedullin in rat kidney tissue and its inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured rat mesangial cells. (2002)

AM produced by GEC inhibits the proliferation of MsC, which suggests that AM as an important regulator is involved in glomerular normal physiological functions and pathologic processes.
Transient effects in application of PWM inverters to induction motors (2002)

Standard squirrel cage induction motors are subjected to nonsinusoidal wave shapes, when supplied from adjustable frequency inverters. In addition to causing increased heating, these wave patterns can be destructive to the insulation. Pulse width modulated (PWM) inverter output amplitudes and risetimes are investigated, and motor insulation capabilities are discussed. Voltage reflections are simulated for various cable lengths and risetimes and are presented graphically. Simulations confirm potential problems with long cables and short risetimes. Application precautions are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Decentralized Anonymous Credentials. (2013)

Abstract—Anonymous credentials provide a powerful tool for making assertions about identity while maintaining privacy. However, a limitation of today’s anonymous credential systems is the need for a trusted credential issuer — which is both a single point of failure and a target for compromise. Furthermore, the need for such a trusted issuer can make it challenging to deploy credential systems in practice, particularly in the ad hoc network setting (e.g., anonymous peer-to-peer networks) where no single party can be trusted with this responsibility. In this work we propose a novel anonymous credential scheme that eliminates the need for a trusted credential issuer. Our approach builds on recent results in the area of electronic cash that, given a public append-only ledger, do not need a trusted credential issuer. Furthermore, given a distributed public ledger, as in, e.g., Bitcoin, our system requires no credential issuer at all and hence is decentralized. Using such a public ledger and standard cryptographic primitives, we propose and provide a proof of security for a basic anonymous credential system that allows users to make flexible identity assertions with strong privacy guarantees without relying on trusted parties. Finally, we discuss a number of practical applications for our techniques, including resource management in ad hoc networks and prevention of Sybil attacks. We implement our scheme and measure its efficiency. I.
Levels of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with infections (1990)

To clarify the physiologic roles of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in infectious states in vivo, we examined the serum levels of G-CSF in patients with infection. Serum samples from 24 patients in the acute stage of infection (14 men and 10 women, age 65 to 101, without hematologic disorders), as well as samples from 32 age-matched normal elderly volunteers were investigated. Sixteen of the initial 24 patients were reexamined after the recovery phase. G-CSF levels were examined by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. The G-CSF level in normal elderly controls, 25.3 +/- 19.7 pg/mL, was not different from that reported in other findings. There was no statistically significant relationship between their G-CSF level and peripheral white blood cell count or neutrophilic granulocyte count. The G-CSF level in the acute stage of infection was 731.8 +/- 895.0 pg/mL, with a range of 30 to 3,199 pg/mL. There was no significant difference in G-CSF levels between patients with respiratory tract infection and those with urinary tract infection. In all 16 cases examined, the serum G-CSF level in the acute stage of infection was significantly higher than that after recovery phase, the latter being the same as the level in normal elderly controls. G-CSF must therefore play a significant role in human infectious states in vivo.
Polypeptides Induced by Tobacco Rattle Virus during Multiplication in Tobacco Protoplasts (1982)

Tobacco protoplasts were irradiated with UV light, inoculated with tobacco rattle virus (TRV), and then cultured in media containing 35S-methionine. Polypeptides induced by TRV infection were detected by PAGE of protein extracts. Three 35S-labeled polypeptides (apparent molecular weights 187,000, 142,000, and 31,000) occurred in extracts of virus-infected protoplasts but not in extracts of buffer-inoculated protoplasts. The 31,000 mol. wt. polypeptides co-migrated with TRV coat protein in polyacrylamide gels and was not detected when inocula contained only the longer particle of TRV. The 187,000 and 142,000 mol. wt. polypeptides migrated in positions very close to products of in vitro translation of TRV RNA-1. Experiments in which 35S-methionine was supplied at different times during multiplication suggested that the bulk of translation of RNA-1 occurred sooner after inoculation than did that of RNA-2.
Multispectral system for measuring the radiation parameters of steel slag during the discharge of steelworks furnace (2012)

This paper presents recently developed a multispectral system for measuring and calculation the chosen radiation parameters of the steel slag for the investigation of FeO content. The system contains 2 infrared (IR) and 2 visual (CCD) cameras. IR cameras capture images in MWIR and LWIR spectral ranges. The visual broad band optical system acquires the images in NIR and visual (RGB) subbands. The short band pass optical filters are used in visual spectral range. CCD RGB camera is used to select the proper wavelength bands in the visual range. The main objective of the research is to define different thermal and optical parameters of the steel slag stream for further image classification and FeO content estimation.