gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Historic maps in the investigation of development sites and the identification of contamination (1994)

AbstractIncreasing environmental awareness has highlighted the need to identify development sites which have been subject to contamination in the past. This growing consciousness is increasingly reflected in legislation and codes of practice which require the investigation of sites prior to development. The first and cheapest step in this investigative process is to trace site use over time through the 'desktop' survey of historic maps and other archive sources. This paper challenges accepted assessments of the usefulness of different types of historic maps and discusses their value and deficiencies in the identification of past site use.
American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 53: Quality assurance for clinical radiotherapy treatment planning (1998)

In recent years, the sophistication and complexity of clinical treatment planning and treatment planning systems has increased significantly, particularly including three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning systems, and the use of conformal treatment planning and delivery techniques. This has led to the need for a comprehensive set of quality assurance (QA) guidelines that can be applied to clinical treatment planning. This document is the report of Task Group 53 of the Radiation Therapy Committee of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine. The purpose of this report is to guide and assist the clinical medical physicist in developing and implementing a comprehensive but viable program of quality assurance for modern radiotherapy treatment planning. The scope of the QA needs for treatment planning is quite broad, encompassing image-based definition of patient anatomy, 3D beam descriptions for complex beams including multileaf collimator apertures, 3D dose calculation algorithms, and complex plan evaluation tools including dose volume histograms. The Task Group recommends an organizational framework for the task of creating a QA program which is individualized to the needs of each institution and addresses the issues of acceptance testing, commissioning the planning system and planning process, routine quality assurance, and ongoing QA of the planning process. This report, while not prescribing specific QA tests, provides the framework and guidance to allow radiation oncology physicists to design comprehensive and practical treatment planning QA programs for their clinics.
Límites y posibilidades del discurso populista (2012)

"Este trabajo discute las posibilidades y los límites de la teoría del populismo de Ernesto Laclau. En primer lugar, reconstruyo la lógica específica del populismo, la cual se expresa en la articulación de dos dimensiones contradictorias, a saber: la complejidad y la simplificación de lo social. En segundo lugar, analizo el carácter anti institucional del populismo. Por último, discuto el carácter "radical" del populismo y su relación con las categorías de populismo de izquierda y de emancipación."
Adriamycin-Induced Increase in Serum Aldosterone Levels: Effects in Riboflavin-Sufficient and Riboflavin-Deficient Rats* (1990)

Previous studies in rats have demonstrated that 1) aldosterone enhances biosynthesis of renal flavin coenzymes; 2) riboflavin analogs inhibit the synthesis of aldosterone; and 3) adriamycin inhibits flavin coenzyme biosynthesis. In their entirety, these findings suggest that both diminished flavin coenzyme biosynthesis induced by adriamycin and a dietary riboflavin deficiency would result in decreased formation of aldosterone. The present study examined the effects of adriamycin treatment on serum aldosterone in rats consuming either a diet adequate in riboflavin or a riboflavin-deficient diet. Groups of rats fed specially prepared diets were injected for 3 days with adriamycin (cumulative dose range, 6-24 mg/kg BW). Pair-fed controls were given saline. After death, adrenal glands were excised, and blood samples were analyzed for aldosterone levels. No changes in adrenal weights or protein and potassium concentrations were observed after adriamycin treatment. In contrast to initial predictions, in riboflavin-sufficient rats, serum aldosterone levels were markedly enhanced by adriamycin in a dose-related manner. Riboflavin-deficient animals had lower basal aldosterone levels and markedly attenuated responses to adriamycin than did riboflavin-sufficient rats. In separate groups of adriamycin-treated rats fed a normal chow diet, serum aldosterone levels increased, and serum corticosterone levels showed a small but significant decline. In addition, adriamycin treatment caused an increase in urinary potassium excretion and a decrease in sodium excretion. These results suggest that flavins play a decisive role in regulating the levels of aldosterone and raise the possibility that the adriamycin-induced increase in serum aldosterone may be part of the pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiovascular toxicity and overall muscular weakness.
Cardiac remodelling in end stage heart failure: upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) irrespective of the underlying disease, and evidence for a direct inhibitory effect of ACE inhibitors on MMP (2002)

Upregulation of MMP-9 activity is common in the failing myocardium, independent of the underlying disease. Missing upregulation of transcription suggests that activation of latent forms of MMP is the source of increased MMP activity, rather than increased de novo synthesis. Some ACE inhibitors may influence MMP activity by a direct effect.
Criminal y erróneo: el golpe militar en Tailandia (2014)

Desde comienzos del siglo XXI Tailandia ha vivido en una situacion de inestabilidad cronica, debido a la creciente brecha existente entre una parte de la sociedad ansiosa de mayores dosis de modernidad y democracia, y una elite ultraconservadora y monarquica, empenada en perpetuar la desigualdad y el autoritarismo. El golpe del general Prayudh, lejos de ser neutral, es un nuevo intento de la oligarquia civico-militar de mantener una hegemonia cada vez mas vulnerable, como evidencia la brutal represion que estan ejerciendo sobre las fuerzas pro-democraticas. Al igual que en 2006 es de prever que la polarizacion politica, social y territorial se agravara a consecuencia del golpe. Al final, sea como sea el desenlace de la sucesion real y perviva o no la monarquia, el cambio politico sera imparable. El intento de perpetuar un sistema semi-feudal en Tailandia no se corresponde con las transformaciones experimentadas en Asia y en el mundo en el siglo XXI y esta condenado al fracaso, pero hay que temer que el inevitable cambio politico y social llegue a producirse en un marco de violencia. El pueblo tailandes sabe desgraciadamente que tendra que sufrir aun mas para lograr al fin un marco racional de convivencia democratico estable.
High-Throughput, High-Sensitivity Analysis of Gene Expression in Arabidopsis (2007)

Abstract High-throughput gene expression analysis of genes expressed during salt stress was performed using a novel multiplexed quantitative nuclease protection assay that involves customized DNA microarrays printed within the individual wells of 96-well plates. The levels of expression of the transcripts from 16 different genes were quantified within crude homogenates prepared from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants also grown in a 96-well plate format. Examples are provided of the high degree of reproducibility of quantitative dose-response data and of the sensitivity of detection of changes in gene expression within limiting amounts of tissue. The lack of requirement for RNA purification renders the assay particularly suited for high-throughput gene expression analysis and for the discovery of novel chemical compounds that specifically modulate the expression of endogenous target genes.
Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from <i>Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae</i> serotype 2 (1987)

The capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (ATCC 27089) is composed of D-glucose (two parts), D-galactose (one part), glycerol (one part), and phosphate (one part). Hydrolysis, dephosphorylation, methylation, enzymic studies, and 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance experiments showed that the polysaccharide is a high molecular weight polymer of a tetrasaccharide repeating units, linked by monophosphate diester and having the following structure:[Formula: see text]
Ultrasensitive Pb(II) Potentiometric Sensor Based on Copolyaniline Nanoparticles in a Plasticizer-Free Membrane with a Long Lifetime (2011)

A newly designed Pb(II) potentiometric sensor based on intrinsically conducting nanoparticles of solid poly(aniline-co-2-hydroxy-5-sulfonic aniline) possessing many ligating functional groups like -NH-, -N=, -OH, -SO(3)H, -NH(2) as ionophores in plasticizer-free vinyl resin solid membranes has been fabricated. A linear Nernstian response is obtained within a wide Pb(II) activity range from 1.0 × 10(-3) to 1.0 × 10(-10) M with a detection limit as low as 2.2 × 10(-11) M. The pH independent plateau ranges between 3.5 and 7.0. After 15 months' usage, the sensor maintains 95% performance parameters. Its anti-interference ability to Cu(II), Cd(II), Ag(I), and Hg(II) is much stronger than other sensors with a detection limit at (sub)nanomolar level. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals that the solid sensing membrane has a diffusion coefficient of around 5 × 10(-14) to 1 × 10(-13) cm(2) s(-1). The much lower diffusion coefficient for Pb(II) is highly beneficial for the elimination of Pb(II) flux across the membrane. The wide detection concentration range, low detection limit, high selectivity, extensive pH window, and long lifetime make for a robust sensor giving reliable measurement of Pb(II) content with potential application in real-world samples at trace levels.
Electrodeposited lead dioxide coatings (2011)

Lead dioxide coatings on inert substrates such as titanium and carbon now offer new opportunities for a material known for 150 years. It is now recognised that electrodeposition allows the preparation of stable coatings with different phase structures and a wide range of surface morphologies. In addition, substantial modification to the physical properties and catalytic activities of the coatings are possible through doping and the fabrication of nanostructured deposits or composites. In addition to applications as a cheap anode material in electrochemical technology, lead dioxide coatings provide unique possibilities for probing the dependence of catalytic activity on layer composition and structure (critical review, 256 references).
Electrochemical Properties of LiCoO[sub 2]-Coated LiMn[sub 2]O[sub 4] Prepared by Solution-Based Chemical Process (2001)

In order to enhance both the cycle stability at elevated temperatures and the rate capability of the surface of was covered with fine particles prepared by a solution-based chemical process. The amount of measured with inductively coupled plasma was about 7 mol %. -coated had an excellent cycle stability at 65°C compared to pure This can be explained by suppression of the Mn dissolution. The rate capability of -coated improved significantly. The improved rate capability may be attributed to a decrease in the passivation film that acts as an electronic insulating layer and interparticle contact resistance. Consequently, it is proposed that the surface encapsulation of with improves its rate capability and cycling stability at high temperatures. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Data-Flow Analysis for MPI Programs (2006)

Message passing via MPI is widely used in single-program, multiple-data (SPMD) parallel programs. Existing data-flow frameworks do not model the semantics of message-passing SPMD programs, which can result in less precise and even incorrect analysis results. We present a data-flow analysis framework for performing interprocedural analysis of message-passing SPMD programs. The framework is based on the MPI-ICFG representation, which is an interprocedural control-flow graph (ICFG) augmented with communication edges between possible send and receive pairs and partial context sensitivity. We show how to formulate nonseparable data-flow analyses within our framework using reaching constants as a canonical example. We also formulate and provide experimental results for the nonseparable analysis, activity analysis. Activity analysis is a domain-specific analysis used to reduce the computation and storage requirements for automatically differentiated MPI programs. Automatic differentiation is important for application domains such as climate modeling, electronic device simulation, oil reservoir simulation, medical treatment planning and computational economics to name a few. Our experimental results show that using the MPI-ICFG data-flow analysis framework improves the precision of activity analysis and as a result significantly reduces memory requirements for the automatically differentiated versions of a set of parallel benchmarks, including some of the NAS parallel benchmarks
A Free‐Wilson Analysis of 5β,14β‐Androstane Derivatives Inhibiting the Na/K‐ATPase from Human Heart (1988)

Abstract A Free‐Wilson analysis of 95 digitalis‐like steroids inhibiting the Na/K‐ATPase is presented. The chosen parent structure – 5β,14β‐androstane‐3β,14‐diol – was varied at 12 individual substitution sites. The high significance of the multiple regression of the data obtained with the great majority of the derivatives tested revealed the general applicability of the additivity model, allowing the prediction of the potency of hypothetical compounds from the derived 57 de novo substituent constants. Derivatives carrying voluminous substituents at C3 or C17, in which the cis/trans/cis‐junction of the steroid rings were altered, disclosed incompatibilities with the model.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of an inactivated virus vaccine against feline leukemia virus infection (1991)

An inactivated virus vaccine was developed for prevention of FeLV infection in domestic cats. When given in 2 doses, 3 weeks apart, to cats that were greater than or equal to 9 weeks old at the time of first vaccination, the vaccine prevented persistent viremia from developing in 132 of 144 (92%) vaccinates after oronasal challenge exposure with virulent FeLV. In contrast, persistent viremia developed after oronasal challenge exposure with FeLV in 39 of 45 (87%) age-matched nonvaccinated control cats. Transient viremia, indicated by early detection of p27 by ELISA in serum of cats protected from persistent viremia at 12 weeks after challenge exposure, was found in 10 of 132 (8%) vaccinates. Cats that were aviremic 12 to 16 weeks after challenge exposure were examined for reactivation of latent FeLV infection; 4 weekly doses of methylprednisolone were administered, followed by in vitro culture of bone marrow cells. Latent infection was readily reactivated in 6 of 8 (75%) nonvaccinated control cats that had been transiently viremic after challenge exposure. However, latent infection was reactivated in only 5 of 48 (10%) protected vaccinates, and in none of 38 vaccinates in which transient viremia had not been detected. In a safety field trial, only 34 mild reactions of short duration were observed after administration of 2,379 doses of vaccine to cats of various ages, breeds, and vaccination history, for a 1.43% reaction rate. Results indicate that the aforementioned inactivated virus vaccine is safe and efficacious for the prevention of infection with FeLV.
Tratamento anaeróbio de águas residuárias do beneficiamento de café por via úmida em reatores UASB em dois estágios (2008)

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a eficiência do tratamento de águas residuárias do beneficiamento de café por via úmida em reatores anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente com manta de lodo (UASB), em dois estágios, em escala de bancada, submetidos a tempos de detenção hidráulica (TDH) de 4,0; 5,2 e 6,2 dias e cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) de 5,8; 3,0 e 3,6 g DQO total (L d)-1, no primeiro reator (R1), e TDH de 2,0; 2,6 e 3,1 dias e COV de 5,8; 0,5 e 0,4 g DQO total (L d)-1, no segundo reator (R2). Os valores médios de DQO do afluente variaram de 15.440 a 23.040 mg O2 L-1. As eficiências médias de remoção de DQO total e SST foram de 66 a 98% e de 93 a 97%, respectivamente, nos reatores UASB, em dois estágios. O teor médio de metano no biogás variou de 69 a 89%, no reator R1, e de 52 a 73%, no reator R2. A produção volumétrica máxima de metano de 0,708 L CH4 (L reator d)-1 foi obtida com COV de 3,6 g DQO (Ld)-1 e TDH de 6,2 d, no reator R1. Os valores médios de pH variaram de 4,7 a 7,7 e de 4,9 a 8,0 nos efluentes dos reatores R1 e R2, respectivamente. As concentrações de ácidos voláteis totais nos efluentes mantiveram-se estáveis com valores inferiores a 100 mg L-1, com TDH de 5,2 e 6,2 dias, no reator R1, e TDH de 2,6 e 3,1 dias, no reator R2. As concentrações médias de fenóis totais no afluente variaram de 80 a 97 mg L-1 e as eficiências médias de remoção nos reatores UASB, em dois estágios, foram de 72 a 90%.
Ligand-Induced Homo-and Hetero-Dimerization of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor α- and β-Receptors in Intact Cells (1992)

Porcine aortic endothelial cells expressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha- or beta-receptors after transfection of the corresponding cDNAs, were used to investigate whether PDGF receptor dimerization occurs in intact cells after ligand binding. Using three different methods--covalent cross-linking of 125I-labeled ligand, cross-linking of metabolically labeled cells after ligand-binding followed by immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting of cells after ligand binding and cross-linking--it was demonstrated that alpha- as well as beta-receptors form ligand-induced dimeric complexes. Dimerization correlated with induction of receptor kinase activity, measured as receptor autophosphorylation. Heterodimeric complexes could furthermore be induced by PDGF-AB, when added to a mixture of lysates from the alpha- and beta-receptor expressing cell lines, or when added to human fibroblasts which express both receptor types.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTIALLERGENIC PROPERTIES OF 3‐N‐PENTADECYL‐ AND 3‐N‐HEPTADECYLCATECHOL ESTERS (1984)

Abstract Aus dem Phenol (Ia) werden über das Bromid (Ib) und das Phosphoniumsalz (Ic) die Olefine (III) erhalten, die zu (IVa) hydriert werden.
A Proposal of Forwarding Method for Urgent Messages on an Ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Network (2005)

Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost wireless sensor networks. Early deployment of wireless sensor networks assumes homogeneous devices and adopts application-dependant routing. However, in many prototypical systems today, there are a variety of sensor nodes with different battery resource, communications capability, computation capability, and so on. Consequently, in the near future, wireless sensor networks need to support a variety of different devices and a multiple of applications. We call such sensor networks ubiquitous wireless sensor network. In this paper, we propose a forwarding method for urgent messages on the ubiquitous wireless sensor network. To realize the forwarding method for urgent messages, we resolve two problems. First one is a problem caused by the fact that most of existing routing protocols for ad hoc networks are designed without explicitly considering QoS control. And second one is a problem by the transmission quality of error-prone wireless channel. We also evaluate the message's loss rate on the ubiquitous wireless sensor network and the average number of packets sent by nodes to transfer a single urgent message by using computer simulation.
A Bivalent Live Virus Vaccine Against Canine Distemper (CD) and Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH). (1958)

SummaryThe virulence of ICH virus has been effectively modified by serial propagation in dog-kidney cultures followed by adaptation to and serial cultivation in swine-embryo tissue. The modified virus is an effective immunizing agent, and produces in the vaccinated animal no adverse reaction except for an occasional case of light and transient opacification of the eye following massive peripheral injection of the virus. The modified ICH virus may spread through the urine of vaccinated animals to intimate contact animals, but although these develop antibodies they show no signs of disease. A combined vaccine prepared by mixing modified CD and ICH viruses elicited good protection against both diseases in doubly susceptible animals, and in puppies already immune to ICH did not interfere with the production of immunity to CD.
First in Human Clinical Trial of Ultrasonic Propulsion of Kidney Stones (2015)

Ultrasonic propulsion was able to successfully reposition stones and facilitate the passage of fragments in humans. No adverse events were associated with the investigational procedure.
Heparan Sulfate–like Glycosaminoglycan Is a Cellular Receptor for<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> (2001)

Chlamydia pneumoniae is an important human intracellular pathogen; however, the pathogenesis of C. pneumoniae infection is poorly understood, and the bacterial adherence mechanism to host cells is unknown. This study examined the role of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the adhesion of C. pneumoniae to eukaryotic cells. Heparin and heparan sulfate were found to inhibit the attachment of C. pneumoniae to human epithelial cells. Reduction in infectivity resulted from the binding of heparin to the organism. Enzymatic removal of heparan sulfate moieties from the host cell surface led to a marked decrease in C. pneumoniae infectivity. Mutant CHO cell lines that were defective in heparan sulfate biosynthesis were less susceptible to C. pneumoniae infection than was the wild-type cell line. However, preincubation of the GAG-deficient CHO cells with exogenous heparin greatly increased infectivity.
An ESD design automation framework and tool flow for nano-scale CMOS technologies (2010)

We present a successfully implemented ESD design automation framework that evaluates and verifies the ESD protection methodology at all stages of a standard integrated circuit design flow. The tools used at each step of the flow and sample results showing excellent correlation to hardware test data is presented.
Analytik und Vorkommen von Thiocyanat im Badewasser und in der Raumluft von Badekabinen des Schwefelbades Bad Langensalza/Bad Tennstedt (1991)

Thiocyanat (SCN-) stellt für den Organismus einen wichtigen biologischen Faktor dar. Es kommt in den Schwefelwässern aus den Brunnen des Schwefelbades Bad Langensalza in Konzentrationen von l,5-15,3, µg SCN-/l vor. Das zum Baden der Patienten verwendete Mischwasser aus verschiedenen Schwefelbrunnen enthält durchschnittlich 7 µg SCN-/l. DieSe Konzentration liegt deutlich über der von Trinkwasser. Auch in der Raumluft von Badekabinen unter Badebedingungen ist SCN- (1,7-10 µg/m3) nachweisbar.
Origin of Drivability Enhancement in Scaled pMOSFETs with 45° Rotated >100< Channels (2006)

We have elucidated the mechanism of the drive current enhancement in <100> channel pMOSFETs on (100) substrate. In spite of the huge anisotropic effective mass, the long channel mobility (μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> ) of <100> is identical to that of <110>, while it is enhanced when L and W are scaled. We found evidence that the origin is process induced stress, and the μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> enhancement is theoretically supported by the reduction of the average effective mass in a diffusive transport regime. We propose that a combination of <100> channel and biaxial compressive stress is effective to enhance μ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub>