gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of cis-diammineplatinum(II) complexes of the DNA intercalators 9-aminoacridine and chloroquine (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and biological activity of cis-diammineplatinum(II) complexes of the DNA intercalators 9-aminoacridine and chloroquineWesley I. Sundquist, Daniel P. Bancroft, and Stephen J. LippardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4, 1590–1596Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00160a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00160a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views999Altmetric-Citations179LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
7,8-Diaminopelargonic Acid Aminotransferase, an Enzyme Involved in Biotin Biosynthesis by Microorganisms (1975)

Journal Article 7,8-Diaminopelargonic Acid Aminotransferase, an Enzyme Involved in Biotin Biosynthesis by Microorganisms Get access Yoshikazu Izumi, Yoshikazu Izumi Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kuninori Sato, Kuninori Sato Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshiki Tani, Yoshiki Tani Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koichi Ogata Koichi Ogata Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 39, Issue 1, 1 January 1975, Pages 175–181, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1975.10861584 Published: 01 January 1975 Article history Received: 12 August 1970 Published: 01 January 1975
Effect of carbonization on the growth of 3C-SiC on Si (111) by silacyclobutane (1994)

Chemical vapor deposition of SiC on Si (111) from silacyclobutane (c-C3H6SiH2, SCB) has been carried out on propane carbonized and on virgin Si substrates. The carbonization was performed at 760 Torr and the SiC growth at 5 Torr. Transmission electron diffraction (TED) and x-ray diffraction were used to determine the crystallinity of the resulting films. The minimum temperature for obtaining crystalline films, as indicated by a TED pattern consisting of sharp spots with (111) SiC crystal hexagonal symmetry, was lower with carbonization (∼800–900 °C) than without (∼1000 °C). However, the carbonization process creates voids in the Si just below the SiC/Si interface, while SCB growth without carbonization produces a very smooth and void-free interface. Fourier-transform infrared measurements of SiC films grown at 1200 °C without carbonization exhibit a sharp (full width at half-maximum=30 cm−1) Si-C absorption peak at 794 cm−1.
Electrochemical Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals for Examining Protein Structure (2013)

The use of hydroxyl radicals to covalently label the solvent-exposed surface of proteins has been shown to be a powerful tool to examine the structure of proteins and intermolecular interfaces. Current methods to generate hydroxyl radicals for footprinting experiments rely on the laser photolysis of H2O2 or the synchrotron radiolysis of water, which adds significant costs and/or complexity to the experiments. In this work, we develop the electro-Fenton reaction as a means to generate hydroxyl radicals for structural footprinting mass spectrometry experiments to complement current laser and synchrotron-based methods, while reducing the costs and complexity of initiating such experiments. The use of an electrochemical flow cell also enables control of the timing and extent of the radical generation process, while reducing the complexity typically associated with radical footprinting experiments. Ubiquitin, a model protein, was labeled with electro-Fenton generated hydroxyl radicals and top-down proteomics was used to verify oxidation sites on the protein surface.
Pose determination and viewpoint determination of human head in video conferencing based on head movement (2004)

The lack of eye contact in video conference degrades the user experience. This problem has been known and studied for many years. To correct the eye contact, it requires face-reorientation and eye gaze correction. Pose determination and viewpoint determination is a vital step prior re-orientating the face. This paper suggests a novel, simple and effective approach for the determination of pose and viewpoint based on head movement. Our approach is designed for the video-based situations, that it takes the advantage of the availability of a previous image, and initially with a known pose or viewpoint. It needs one feature point to determine the pitch angle and the yaw angle, and two feature points to determine the roll angle. The number of feature points to be tracked is significantly less than many other researches suggested in this area. Our approach has little overhead to the face re-orientation process. It is fast and efficient, and produces reasonable accuracy.
Driving maneuver prediction using car sensor and driver physiological signals (2016)

This study presents the preliminary attempt to investigate the usage of driver physiology signals, including electrocardiography (ECG) and respiration wave signals, to predict driving maneuvers. While most studies on driving maneuver prediction uses direct measurements from vehicle or road scene, we believe the mental state changes from the driver when making plans for maneuver can be reflected from the physiological signals. We extract both time and frequency domain features from the physiological signals, and use them as the features to predict the drivers' future maneuver. We formulate the prediction of driver maneuver as a multi-class classification problem by using the features extracted from signal before the driving maneuvers. The multi classes correspond to various types of driving maneuvers including Start, Stop, Lane Switch and Turn. We use the support vector machine (SVM) as the classifier, and compare the performance of using both physiological and car signals (CAN bus) with the baseline classifier that is trained with only car signal. An improved performance is observed when using the physiological features with 0.04 in F-score on average. This improvement is more obvious as the prediction is made earlier.
Delayed open access: An overlooked high‐impact category of openly available scientific literature (2013)

Delayed open access ( OA ) refers to scholarly articles in subscription journals made available openly on the web directly through the publisher at the expiry of a set embargo period. Although a substantial number of journals have practiced delayed OA since they started publishing e‐versions, empirical studies concerning OA have often overlooked this body of literature. This study provides comprehensive quantitative measurements by identifying delayed OA journals and collecting data concerning their publication volumes, embargo lengths, and citation rates. Altogether, 492 journals were identified, publishing a combined total of 111,312 articles in 2011; 77.8% of these articles were made OA within 12 months from publication, with 85.4% becoming available within 24 months. A journal impact factor analysis revealed that delayed OA journals have citation rates on average twice as high as those of closed subscription journals and three times as high as immediate OA journals. Overall, the results demonstrate that delayed OA journals constitute an important segment of the openly available scholarly journal literature, both by their sheer article volume and by including a substantial proportion of high‐impact journals.
Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha in renal cell carcinoma associated with loss of Tsc-2 tumor suppressor gene. (2003)

In the Eker rat model, inactivation of the Tuberous Sclerosis-2 (Tsc-2) tumor suppressor gene leads to high frequency of spontaneous renal cell carcinoma (RCC). By analogy to human RCC in which mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene result in accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIFalpha) and up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), we investigated the regulation of HIF and its target gene VEGF in rat RCC resulting from Tsc-2 defects. To examine HIFalpha activity, a panel of rat renal epithelial cells were analyzed for expression of HIF1alpha and the homologous protein, HIF2alpha, under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. RCC-derived cell lines exhibited high basal levels of HIF activity as determined using hypoxia response element-luciferase reporter constructs. HIF2alpha was stabilized in RCC-derived cell lines and in five of six primary tumors compared with normal kidney, which was consistent with the high levels of hypoxia response element-reporter activity observed in the cell lines. Primary RCCs that developed in Eker rats were highly vascularized, which was similar to their human counterparts. Furthermore, reverse-transcriptase PCR and immunoblotting demonstrated that VEGF was abundantly expressed in both rat RCC cell lines and primary tumors. The 120-, 164-, and 188-amino-acid isoforms of VEGF were expressed at the RNA and protein levels in RCC-derived cell lines, although only a single band was observed in primary tumors. Taken together, these data suggest that RCC caused by loss of the Tsc-2 tumor suppressor gene (which retain wild-type Vhl) up-regulate VEGF via a HIF2alpha-mediated mechanism. Thus, loss of Tsc-2 and VHL tumor suppressor gene function appears to have similar consequences in Eker rats and humans respectively, identifying dysregulation of HIFalpha and VEGF expression as a common pathway for the development of RCC in different species and in tumors with different molecular etiologies.
Analysis of intestinal HLA-DR bound peptides and dysregulated immune responses to enteric flora in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (2003)

Isolation of antigenic peptides from the MHC-groove has contributed to the understanding of T cell responses. However, these MHC-associated peptides have been isolated from various murine and human cell lines. The specific antigen responsible for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is unknown. We examined antigenic peptides bound to the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) groove in human intestine by ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry equipped with online reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. We detected 55 parent proteins from 4 controls, 9 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 9 patients with Crohn's disease. The calculated molecular masses (m/z) of these peptides ranged from 874.4 to 2727.4, representing 10-26 amino acid residues. Fifty-one of these 55 parent proteins were exogenous proteins. Escherichia coli-, Saccharomyces cerevisiae-, and Caenorhabditis elegans-derived peptides were found frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The present results suggest that in vivo antigen processing by antigen-presenting cells and T lymphocytes in human intestine participate with exogenous antigen presentation. Increased immune responses against E. coli, S. cerevisiae and C. elegans found in patients with inflammatory bowel may participate as dysregulated immune responses to enteric flora in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
Room for a view : Specialists (2001)

As a child, I remember watching intently my pediatrician's steel stethoscope as it swung back and forth on his neck, like a hypnotist's pendulum, lulling me into a near-panicky dread of its cold metallic shock on my skin. Then, just before he placed it on my chest — I would brace myself, every single time — he would miraculously remember to warm it up with his hands. And all fear would be forgotten.

Nowadays, technology has “progressed”: we do not have those cold stethoscopes any more. Instead, we have an armamentarium of much colder and darker things, like MRI machines, bronchoscopes and MRSA masks. Modern textbooks talk about things like blood samples, CT scans and MRIs as being “more dependable than the physical exam,” but that's not the point. These tests are the idioms of a modern medical jargon that patients simply do not speak. Their language is the language of the physical exam, however pointless it may seem to us at times. In a strange metaphorical way, I feel that it is now my duty to warm up the stethoscope, somehow, through explanation and shared concern, to lessen the cold shock of the unnatural devices and procedures we now use to help our patients. The first step in achieving this is to understand that our notion of what constitutes caring for the patient does not necessarily (and probably does not usually) coincide with the patient's idea of what it is to be cared for.

Recently, I went to see a specialist for a recurrent problem that I have had for as long as I can remember. Roughly, our interaction went as follows: after we introduced ourselves to one another, I candidly told him exactly what the problem was, detailing it as any self-respecting medical student would. He acknowledged the problem and proceeded to ask me exactly how I would like things to be: essentially, what I thought he could do for me. After this, he took a moment to consider the problem, comb through the details and cut to the heart of the matter. He posed a few more questions and pondered further. Next, he offered his expert opinion and treatment plan and asked if I understood and agreed with his strategy. Finally, he proceeded with an extensive examination and the first treatment. Before I knew it, conversation was flowing freely, taking root in the frivolous banalities of small talk and blooming — an hour later — into the sharing of views and goals and, indeed, the sharing of many personal stories, as between friends. The power differential between the expert and his subject, and the disempowering act of sharing a personal concern with a stranger and putting myself “in his hands” seemed much easier now that the expert was also a person. 

Before I left that day, I scheduled another haircut in six weeks and wondered, “Why can't doctors be like that?”
LipL21 lipoprotein binding to peptidoglycan enables Leptospira interrogans to escape NOD1 and NOD2 recognition (2017)

Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis, potentially severe in humans, caused by spirochetal bacteria, Leptospira interrogans (L. interrogans). Host defense mechanisms involved in leptospirosis are poorly understood. Recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoproteins by Toll-Like Receptors (TLR)4 and TLR2 is crucial for clearance of leptospires in mice, yet the role of Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain (NOD)-like receptors (NOD)1 and NOD2, recognizing peptidoglycan (PG) fragments has not previously been examined. Here, we show that pathogenic leptospires escape from NOD1 and NOD2 recognition both in vitro and in vivo, in mice. We found that leptospiral PG is resistant to digestion by certain hydrolases and that a conserved outer membrane lipoprotein of unknown function, LipL21, specific for pathogenic leptospires, is tightly bound to the PG. Leptospiral PG prepared from a mutant not expressing LipL21 (lipl21-) was more readily digested than the parental or complemented strains. Muropeptides released from the PG of the lipl21- mutant, or prepared using a procedure to eliminate the LipL21 protein from the PG of the parental strain, were recognized in vitro by the human NOD1 (hNOD1) and NOD2 (hNOD2) receptors, suggesting that LipL21 protects PG from degradation into muropeptides. LipL21 expressed in E. coli also resulted in impaired PG digestion and NOD signaling. We found that murine NOD1 (mNOD1) did not recognize PG of L. interrogans. This result was confirmed by mass spectrometry showing that leptospiral PG was primarily composed of MurTriDAP, the natural agonist of hNOD1, and contained only trace amounts of the tetra muropeptide, the mNOD1 agonist. Finally, in transgenic mice expressing human NOD1 and deficient for the murine NOD1, we showed enhanced clearance of a lipl21- mutant compared to the complemented strain, or to what was observed in NOD1KO mice, suggesting that LipL21 facilitates escape from immune surveillance in humans. These novel mechanisms allowing L. interrogans to escape recognition by the NOD receptors may be important in circumventing innate host responses.
Metals and Alzheimer’s Disease: How Far Have We Come in the Clinic? (2018)

It is estimated that by the year 2050 there will be more than 1.5 billion people globally over the age of 65 years. Aging is associated with changes to a number of different cellular processes which are driven by a variety of factors that contribute to the characteristic decline in function that is seen across multiple physiological domains/tissues in the elderly (including the brain). Importantly, aging is also the primary risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. As such, there is an urgent need to provide a greater understanding of both the pathogenesis and treatment of these devastating neurodegenerative disorders. One of the key cellular processes that becomes dysregulated with age and participates both directly and indirectly in age-related dysfunction, is metal homeostasis and the neurochemistry of metalloproteins, the basic science of which has been extensively reviewed in the past. In this review, we will focus on the human clinical intervention trials that have been conducted over approximately the last four decades that have attempted to establish the efficacy of targeting metal ions in the treatment of AD.
Security Modelling and Analysis of Dynamic Enterprise Networks (2016)

Dynamic networks can be characterised by many factors such as changes (e.g., vulnerability change, update of applications and services, topology changes). It is of vital importance to assess the security of such dynamic networks in order to improve the security of them. One way to assess the security is to use a graphical security model. However, the existing graphical security models (e.g., attack graphs and attack trees) have only considered static networks (i.e. the network does not change). It is also unclear how the existing cyber security metrics (e.g., attack cost, shortest attack path) change when the network configuration changes over time. To address this problem, we propose (i) to develop a novel graphical security model named Temporal-Hierarchical Attack Representation Model (T-HARM) to capture network changes and (ii) investigate the effect of network change on the existing cyber security metrics based on the proposed security model. We show how the existing security metrics change when the status of vulnerabilities changes.
A Catalog of Three-Variable Or-Invert and And-Invert Logical Circuits (1963)

This report gives a complete catalog of minimal NOR circuits and minimal NAND circuits, assuming complements not available, for all logic functions of three variables. Minimal circuits for a function are those that satisfy these conditions: 1) The number of logic blocks of the circuit is least possible for performing the function; 2) The number of connections in the circuit (total number of inputs) is least possible, subject to the condition that the circuit satisfies the first condition. In addition, the circuits satisfy certain reasonable restrictions on fan-in and fan-out.
A LARGE CALCULUS OF THE POSTERIOR URETHRA : A CASE REPORT (1983)

57 year-old man complaining of massive bleeding out of external urethral orifice was admitted to our department. X-ray findings and urethroscopy revealed a calculus in the posteior urethra and rectourethral fistula. Both the calculus and the fistula were surgically removed. The calculus, weighing 21g, measured 3.5 × 3.0 × 2.0cm. in size. The calculus showed a mixture of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate under the ultrared spectrophotometric analysis.
Gas Chromatographic Determination of Degradation Products and Stability of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Aqueous Solution (1979)

A method for the quantification of the degradation products in aqueous solution of sodium dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHA. S) using gas chromatography was described.One of the degradation products, 3,5-cycloandrostan-6β-ol-17-one, which was unstable in GLC column, was readily transformed into the trimethylsilylether derivative exhibiting good gas chromatographic properties. The kinetics of the degradation of sodium dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate solution to dehydroepi-androsterone and 3,5-cycloandrostan-6β-ol-17-one was studied from pH 1.3 to pH 11.0. There was only one degradation product, dehydroepiandrosterone, in very strongly acidic solution, but, in weakly acidic and neutral solution, dehydroepiandrosterone and 3,5-cycloandrostan-6β-ol-17-one were identified and in the more basic solution, 3,5-cycloandrostan-6β-ol-17-one was the main degradation product. It was found that, at pH5.2, DHADS followed a series reaction, DHADS→ 3,S-cycloandrostan-6β-ol-17-one→dehydroepiandrosterone.
The Theme-Mine in Query Expansion (2008)

Query expansion (QE) is one of the most important mechanisms in the information retrieval field. A typical QE method usually redefines the query with related terms. These techniques suffer from retrieval performance degradation due to imprecise choice of query's additive terms in the QE process. Semantic expansion is proposed to improve query precision, while the expansion concept is hard to be obtained due to less information. In this paper we introduce a novel theme mine technique which finding the expansion theme by users log analysis and topic clustering. The experimental results show that the theme, which mined by this method, exactly coincides with the user's real intent, thus improve the power of query expansion.
Estimation of surface-acoustic-wave attenuation due to platelet defects (1979)

Surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) attenuation due to platelet defects in quartz substrate (40° rotated Y cut) was investigated. The dimensions of the defects, which are formed in a lapping and polishing process, were quantitatively measured. The data was used in the analytical calculation. SAW attenuation loss in propagating on damaged substrate with deep defects was experimentally measured in the 150–400-MHz frequency range. The loss was obtained from the measured Q value of an IDT resonator, comprising the substrate. By comparing the Q value of the resonator using damaged substrate with that using undamaged substrate, the loss caused by the defects was discriminated from other losses. Steg’s scattering theory was applied to the SAW device and the calculated attenuation loss agreed well with the measured one. The theory also predicts that the attenuation constant in conventionally polished substrate, which contains about 2×104 cracks/cm2 microcracks, is about 1 dB/cm at 1 GHz.