gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dehydrothermal treatment of collagen influences on bone regeneration by octacalcium phosphate (OCP) collagen composites (2007)

We have engineered a scaffold constructed of synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and collagen composites (OCP-collagen) and report that OCP-collagen significantly enhanced bone regeneration more than the implantation of OCP. We hypothesized that the dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) during the fabrication of OCP-collagen might influence bone regeneration by OCP-collagen. To examine this hypothesis, bone regeneration by the implantation of OCP-collagen with DHT [OCP/Col(+)] was compared with that by OCP-collagen without DHT [OCP/Col(-)]. It was confirmed that both OCP/Col(+) and OCP/Col(-) contained the characteristics of OCP structure in X-ray diffraction. Before implantation, calcium deposition derived from OCP was observed within the collagen of both OCP/Col(+) and OCP/Col(-) by undecalcified histological sections. OCP/Col(+) or OCP/Col(-) was implanted into the critical-sized defects in rat crania. Radiographic and histological examination was performed and the percentage of newly formed bone (n-Bone%) in the defect was determined by a histomorphometrical analysis. N-Bone% treated with OCP/Col(+) was significantly higher than that with OCP/Col(-) at 4 and 12 weeks after implantation, because fast degradation of the implanted collagen of OCP/Col(-) elicited disappearance of the scaffold for bone regeneration. The stiffness of the calcified collagen in OCP-collagen would be more important than the existence of calcified collagen to enhance the bone regeneration by OCP-collagen composites. The present study suggests that the dehydrothermal treatment would influence effective bone regeneration by OCP-collagen.
Heterocycles from Chlorosulfonyl Isocyanate I. Reaction with 2-Aminoazines (1979)

The reaction of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) with 2-aminopyridine affords thiatriarine 3. The reaction of this heterocycle with water, morpholine as well as alkylating agents is the subject of this publication.Although the chemistry of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) has received considerable attention in 1 recent years , its potential as a 1.3-dielectrophile in cyclizations has been studied only to a 2 limited extent .A possible reason far this is the very potent electrophilic nature of CSI which makes many condensations difficult to control.In this and the following publication, we would like to demonstrate some successful cyclizations of CSI with 1.3 dinitrogen nucleophiles.The reaction of CSI with 2-aminopyridine and 2-aminopyrazine and some chemistry of the ensuing 4 1.2,4.6-thiatriazene-1,l-dioxidestem^'^ are presented below .2-hinopyridine reacts vigorously with CSI in acetonitrile at 0 ' producing the intermediate 2 which cyclires on the addition of a tertiary base to afford a 50% yield of 3, mp 247'd; IR (oujal) 1680, 1620 cm-l, Uv (CH OH) X max ( E ) 302 nm (6600).235 nm (12,000); m/e 199 (M+), 121 3 2-Aminopyrazine (A) reacted similarly producing a 50% yield of 5, mp 183' d; W (MeOH) max + X ( F ) 323 nm (2500).231 nm (4000); m/e 200 (M+).158 (M+-NCO), 121 (M -S02NH).
Increased Intensity of Anticoagulation May Reduce Risk of Thrombus During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedures in Patients with Spontaneous Echo Contrast (2005)

ICE-diagnosed SEC before transseptal catheterization identifies an increased risk of LA thrombus. Increased intensity of heparin anticoagulation (ACT >300 seconds) during LA ablation for AF may prevent LA thrombus formation especially in patients with SEC.
Sulindac and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, increase APC mRNA in the colon of rats treated with azoxymethane (2000)

Both sulindac and etodolac reduced the occurrence of ACF and induced an increase in APC mRNA in rat colon mucosa.
The lateral rigidity of double-coated optical fibers (1995)

The microbending added losses of a double-coated optical fiber has been discussed in terms of the flexural and lateral rigidity. Explicit formulas have been discussed and a new empirical formula, derived from finite element method (FEM) calculations, has been suggested to take into account properly a double layer coating. Some inconsistencies of a previous adopted formula have been solved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
One for All, All for One: A Heterogeneous Data Plane for Flexible P4 Processing (2018)

The P4 community has recently put significant effort to increase the diversity of targets on which P4 programs can be implemented. These include fixed function and programmable ASICs, FPGAs, NICs, and CPUs. However, P4 programs are written according to the set of functionalities supported by the target for which they are compiled. For instance, a P4 program targeting a programmable ASIC cannot be extended with user-defined processing modules, which limits the flexibility and the abstraction of P4 programs. To address these shortcomings, we propose a heterogeneous P4 programmable data plane comprised of different targets that together appear as a single logical unit. The proposed data plane broadens the range of functionalities available to P4 programmers by combining the strength of each target. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed P4 data plane by coupling an FPGA with a soft switch which emulates a programmable ASIC. The proposed data plane is demonstrated with the implementation of a simplified L2 switch. The emulated ASIC match-table capacity is extended by the FPGA by an order of magnitude.The FPGA also integrates a proprietary module using a P4 extern.
Attenuation and reversion of the Sabin vaccine strains of poliovirus. (1993)

Studies of the molecular basis of the attenuation and reversion of the attenuated phenotype of the Sabin vaccine strains suggest that few mutations are involved. It is striking that mutations in the 5' non-coding region within a 10 base region implicated in a base pair structure have been identified in all the Sabin vaccine strains. The mutations have effects on in vitro phenotypes which have implications for the production of vaccines.
alpha 2u-Globulin is present in the rat anterior pituitary. (1983)

The possibility that the pituitary gland may contain as yet undiscovered regulatory factors is intriguing. Recent reports have suggested the presence, in the anterior pituitary, or a number of proteins of extrapituitary origin. alpha 2u-Globulin, a rat serum and urinary protein, previously shown to be synthesized in the submaxillary gland and in the liver under anterior pituitary control, has now been localized by immunocytochemistry in the cytoplasm of some cells of the anterior pituitary. No alpha 2u-globulin could be detected in either the intermediate or posterior pituitary. The presence of alpha 2u-globulin was confirmed and quantitated by radioimmunoassay. Using RNA blot analysis and cloned alpha 2u-globulin cDNA probes, we could not detect alpha 2u-globulin mRNA sequences in pituitary RNA, indicating that alpha 2u-globulin is not synthesized therein. The presence of alpha 2u-globulin, presumably of circulatory origin, in certain anterior pituitary cells suggests that it may play a role in anterior pituitary function.
Leptin and leptin receptor mRNA and protein expression in the murine fetus and placenta (1997)

Leptin is a 167-aa protein that is secreted from adipose tissue and is important in the regulation of energy balance. It also functions in hematopoiesis and reproduction. To assess whether leptin is involved in fetal growth and development we have examined the distribution of mRNAs encoding leptin and the leptin receptor (which has at least six splice variants) in the 14.5-day postcoitus mouse fetus and in the placenta using reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization. High levels of gene expression for leptin, the leptin receptor, and the long splice variant of the leptin receptor with an intracellular signaling domain were observed in the placenta, fetal cartilage/bone, and hair follicles. Receptor expression also was detected in the lung, as well as the leptomeninges and choroid plexus of the fetal brain. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry, using specific antibodies, demonstrated the presence of leptin and leptin receptor protein in these tissues. These results suggest that leptin may play a role in the growth and development of the fetus, both through placental and fetal expression of the leptin and leptin receptor genes. In the fetus, leptin may be multifunctional and have both paracrine and endocrine effects.
An ultraminiature CMOS pressure sensor for a multiplexed cardiovascular catheter (1992)

A multiplexed ultraminiature pressure sensor designed for use in a cardiovascular catheter is described. The sensor operates from only two loads, which are shared by two sensors per catheter. The sensing chip is 350 mu m wide by 1.4 mm long by 100 mu m thick. CMOS readout circuitry at the sensing site converts applied pressure to a frequency variation in the supply current, which is detected at the end of the catheter by a microprocessor-controlled interface. The nominal pressure sensitivity is 2 kHz/fF about a zero-pressure output frequency of 2.7 MHz. This on-site circuitry contains two reference capacitors which allow external compensation for nonlinearity and temperature sensitivity and has an idle-state power dissipation of less than 50 mu W. With the transducer sealed at ambient pressure, the device can resolve pressure variations of about 3 mmHg, while vacuum-sealed devices do considerably better and should permit <2 mmHg resolution in practical systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Proteome analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell strains, MHCC97‐H and MHCC97‐L, with different metastasis potentials (2004)

To better understand the mechanism underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and to search for potential markers for HCC prognosis, differential proteome analysis on two HCC cell strains with high and low metastatic potentials, MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L, was conducted using two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/time of flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography ion trap mass spectrometry. Image analysis of silver-stained 2-D gels revealed that 56 protein spots showed significant differential expression in MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L cells (Student's t-test, P < 0.05) and 4 protein spots were only detected in MHCC97-H cells. Fourteen protein spots were further identified using in-gel tryptic digestion, peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem mass spectrometry. The expressions of pyruvate kinase M2, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, laminin receptor 67 kDa, S100 calcium-binding protein A4, thioredoxin and cytokeratin 19 were elevated in MHCC97-H cells. However, manganese superoxide dismutase, calreticulin precursor, cathepsin D, lactate dehydrogenase B, non-metastatic cell protein 1, cofilin 1 and calumenin precursor were down-regulated in MHCC97-H cells. Intriguingly, most of these identified proteins have been reported to be associated with tumor metastasis. The functional implications of alterations in the levels of these proteins are discussed.
Crystal structure modifications of tristearin by food emulsifiers (1982)

Abstract The effect of several emulsifiers as crystal structure modifiers of tristearin has been investigated. The less thermodynamically stable modification, named a, is preserved when 1–10% of sorbitan monostearate was added before allowing the molten tristearin to cool and crystallize. Several other emulsifiers have been tested and it has been found that the combination of bulkiness of the hydrophilic groups with the right lengths of the hydrophobic chains of a given emulsifier is necessary to preserve the a‐modification. Liquid emulsifiers and those having a pronounced hydrophilic character are not efficient as modifiers. The emulsifier has been shown to be incorporated into the tristearin during crystallization from solvent without an immediate effect, but it affects subsequent behavior upon melting and resolidification.
Near-infrared vision system for monitoring arc welding processes (2014)

Throughout the years, vision, human beings' favourite sense, along with our great capacity to obtain, process and interpret a great amount of visual data, has been a great inspiration for development of techniques and technological devices that reproduce it into a computational system. In welding processes, vision can supply information on inspection and quality of the welded joint, monitoring of parameters, trajectory correction and even study of the phenomena involved in the process. However, the light radiation emitted from the weld arc is a barrier to studies based on the viewing process. One form currently used to visualize the process, without the interference of the arc's light, consists of illuminating the process with the near-infrared (NIR) light and using interference (band pass) filters, around this same wavelength, during acquisition of the images. One solution for the NIR light that is being increasingly used involves the use of high-power laser diodes, of low-cost and less complex installation than conventional lasers. The proposal of this study is the design, construction and assessment of a low-cost, highly flexible vision system for welding processes. It is based on characterization of the spectrum of the weld arc, definition of a drive topology for the high-power laser diode in NIR within its limitations of use, and maximizing the light power emitted, creation of control circuits, selection of optical equipment and components and, finally, design and apply a prototype for visualization of welding processes. As a whole, the limitations of the viewing system were encountered through their application with tungsten inert gas and metal inert gas/metal active gas welding. In these trials, although it had not been capable of overcoming the arc radiation, the system developed provided homogenous lighting synchronized with the camera, whereby the main limitation was long exposure time of the camera. In conclusion, the use of employing the system to assist with joint tracking is suggested.
Structure and Function of Bacteriophage T4 (2014)

Bacteriophage T4 is the most well-studied member of Myoviridae, the most complex family of tailed phages. T4 assembly is divided into three independent pathways: the head, the tail and the long tail fibers. The prolate head encapsidates a 172 kbp concatemeric dsDNA genome. The 925 Å-long tail is surrounded by the contractile sheath and ends with a hexagonal baseplate. Six long tail fibers are attached to the baseplate's periphery and are the host cell's recognition sensors. The sheath and the baseplate undergo large conformational changes during infection. X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy have provided structural information on protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions that regulate conformational changes during assembly and infection of Escherichia coli cells.
Isolation of Salmonella from muscoid flies at commercial animal establishments in San Bernardino County, California. (2002)

Adult muscoid flies collected from three dairies and eight commercial poultry ranches in San Bernardino County were tested for Salmonella enteritidis. Of the total 2,686 flies tested, 92.3% were Musca domestica, 5.5% Fannia canicularis, 1.9% Ophyra leucostoma, 0.2% Phaenicia sericata, and <0.1% Muscina stabulans. Whereas flies at the dairies belonged exclusively to M. domestica, faunal composition at the poultry ranches was more diverse, including all five species. Among the five fly species, only M. domestica tested positive for serotypes of S. enteritidis. The six isolates from fly pools (25-50 flies per pool) collected from dairies included five S. enteritidis serotype Kentucky and one S. enteritidis ser. Muenster. Isolates from flies collected at poultry ranches were three S. enteritidis ser. Braenderup, S. enteritidis ser. Kottbus, and S. enteritidis ser. Montevideo. The male to female ratio in M. domestica testing positive for S. enteritidis serotypes, was 3 to 8 pools, showing more female than male flies carrying the organism.
Phenolic Composition, Isolation, and Structure of a New Deoxyloganic Acid Derivative from Dhokar and Gemri‐Dhokar Olive Cultivars (2011)

Two rare olive cultivars, Dhokar and Gemri-Dhokar, growing in the south of Tunisia were investigated to identify their phenolic profile and evaluate their sugar content and antioxidant activity. The highest value of phenolic content was detected in Gemri-Dhokar cultivar extract (6.97 g gallic acid equivalents/kg of fresh olive). In addition, sugar content was quantified; glucose (45.17 g/kg of fresh olive) was the predominant sugar in Dhokar cultivar, followed by fructose (40.83 g/kg of fresh olive). The identification of phenolic compounds was based on separation by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. In both cultivars, Oleuropein aglycon derivatives and elenolic acid were the main phenolic components. Oleuropeins were the major compounds quantified in the Gemri-Dhokar drupes olives (61.04 mg/100 g of fresh olive), while 0.25 mg/100 g were found in fresh Dhokar. A new iridoid compound, isolated as pure compound, was not previously reported in the literature. Its structure was established by spectroscopic analyses (NMR, UV, MS, and IR). DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays showed that the most important antioxidant capacity of olive extracts was found in with Gemri-Dhokar cultivar.
A Mathematical Model of Pattern Dependencies in Cu CMP Processes (1999)

In our previous work, we discussed the framework of a mathematical model of pattern dependencies in Cu CMP processes (1). In this paper, we present the detailed formulation of the model, propose a calibration methodology for the model, and show the first comparisons with experimental data. Our model may also be applicable to other dual material processes such as tungsten CMP, aluminum CMP, or STI CMP. INTRODUCTION The increased interest in Cu CMP processes in IC manufacturing has raised the need for the development of predictive models for these processes. In this paper, we present the details of a mathematical model of pattern dependencies in Cu CMP processes, with the use of RR-diagrams (&quot;Removal-Rate&quot; diagrams) and the premise that Cu CMP processes are chemically-enhanced physical polishing processes. A typical Cu CMP process is comprised of three intrinsic stages. Stage 1 deals with the removal of the overburden Cu. In this stage, we would like to calculate the time it takes to rea...
Some Bounds for the Logarithmic Function (2004)

Bounds for the logarithmic function are studied. In particular, we establish bounds with rational functions as approximants. The study leads into the fascinating areas of Padé approximations ([2], [6]), continued fractions ([7], [11]) and orthogonal polynomials ([14], [4]) as well as the somewhat frightening jungle of special functions and associated identities ([5], [9]). Originally, the results aimed at establishing certain inequalities for Shannon entropy but are here discussed in their own right (the applications to entropy inequalities will be published elsewhere). The exposition is informal, a kind of essay, with only occasional indications of proofs. The reader may take it as an invitation to further studies. Enough details are provided to enable the reader to verify all statements. To the expert in the fields pointed to there is little or nothing new.
Local Nodes in Global Networks: The Geography of Knowledge Flows in Biotechnology Innovation (2005)

The literature on innovation and interactive learning has tended to emphasize the importance of local networks, inter-firm collaboration and knowledge flows as the principal source of technological dynamism. More recently, however, this view has come to be challenged by other perspectives that argue for the importance of non-local knowledge flows. According to this alternative approach, truly dynamic economic regions are characterized both by dense local social interaction and knowledge circulation, as well as strong inter-regional and international connections to outside knowledge sources and partners. This paper offers an empirical examination of these issues by examining the geography of knowledge flows associated with innovation in biotechnology. We begin by reviewing the growing literature on the nature and geography of innovation in biotechnology research and the commercialization process. Then, focusing on the Canadian biotech industry, we examine the determinants of innovation (measured through patenting activity), paying particular attention to internal resources and capabilities of the firm, as well as local and global flows of knowledge and capital. Our study is based on the analysis of Statistics Canada's 1999 Survey of Biotechnology Use and Development, which covers 358 core biotechnology firms. Our findings highlight the importance of in-house technological capability and absorptive capacity as determinants of successful innovation in biotechnology firms. Furthermore, our results document the precise ways in which knowledge circulates, in both embodied and disembodied forms, both locally and globally. We also highlight the role of formal intellectual property transactions (domestic and international) in promoting knowledge flows. Although we document the importance of global networks in our findings, our results also reveal the value of local networks and specific forms of embedding. Local relational linkages are especially important when raising capital—and the expertise that comes with it—to support innovation. Nevertheless, our empirical results raise some troubling questions about the alleged pre-eminence of the local in fostering innovation.
Solid-phase synthesis of selectively protected peptides for use as building units in the solid-phase synthesis of large molecules (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-phase synthesis of selectively protected peptides for use as building units in the solid-phase synthesis of large moleculesMoira A. Barton, R. U. Lemieux, and J. Y. SavoieCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 14, 4501–4506Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00795a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00795a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts