gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catching "Moles" in Sensor Networks (2007)

False data injection is a severe attack that compromised sensor nodes ("moles"1) can launch. These moles inject large amount of bogus traffic that can lead to application failures and exhausted network resources. Existing sensor network security proposals only passively mitigate the damage by filtering injected packets; they do not provide active means for fight back. This paper studies how to locate such moles within the framework of packet marking, when forwarding moles collude with source moles to manipulate the marks. Existing Internet traceback mechanisms do not assume compromised forwarding nodes and are easily defeated by manipulated marks. We propose a probabilistic nested marking (PNM) scheme that is secure against such colluding attacks. No matter how colluding moles manipulate the marks, PNM can always locate them one by one. We prove that nested marking is both sufficient and necessary to resist colluding attacks. PNM also has fast-traceback: within about 50 packets, it can track down a mole up to 20 hops away from the sink. This virtually prevents any effective data injection attack: moles will be caught before they have injected any meaningful amount of bogus traffic.
An imaging method using the interaction between ultrasound and magnetic field (2002)

A new imaging method using the classical Hall effect has been developed in the context of diagnostic applications. "Hall effect imaging" (HEI) relies on ultrasonic signal generated by a pulsed current through the sample in a strong magnetic field. Hall effect images reflect the dielectric distribution of the sample. Phantom images have been collected with a single crystal sensor. Since dielectric parameters vary greatly among soft tissues and between normal and pathological states, HEI holds promises for human imaging.
Effects of Choice and Task Preference on the Work Performance of Students with Behavior Problems (1997)

This investigation compared the effects of choice and assignment of preferred and nonpreferred tasks on the work performance of three students with moderate intellectual impairments and challenging behavior in a classroom setting. After assessing student task preferences, a multielement design was used to evaluate three conditions: (a) assigning a preferred task, (b) assigning a nonpreferred task, and (c) providing a choice between work tasks. Results indicated individual participant data were idiosyncratic and choice making failed to produce superior effects for any of the participants. Students' task preferences changed from preassessment to postassessment, although their nonpreferred tasks remained unchanged. Results are discussed in terms of previous research and future research needs with this student population.
Effect of human recombinant superoxide dismutase on canine myocardial infarction (1990)

To determine whether human recombinant superoxide dismutase (h-SOD) produces sustained reduction of infarct size, anesthetized dogs underwent a 2-h coronary occlusion followed by either 48 or 4 h of reperfusion. In the 48-h study, dogs were randomized to three intravenous treatments: 1) "low-dose" h-SOD (2 mg/kg bolus 2 min before reperfusion followed by 4 mg/kg over 45 min), 2) "high-dose" h-SOD (8 mg/kg bolus 2 min before reperfusion followed by 8 mg/kg over 45 min), or 3) equivalent volumes of saline. In the 4-h study, dogs were randomized to high-dose h-SOD or saline. Occluded bed size was measured by postmortem perfusion and infarct size by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and planimetry. Investigators performing the study and measuring infarct size were blinded to the treatment given. High plasma concentrations of h-SOD were present in the arterial blood of treated dogs in the early phase of reperfusion (greater than 60 and greater than 180 micrograms/ml in low- and high-dose groups, respectively). In both studies, control and treated groups were similar with respect to occluded bed size, collateral blood flow, and rate-pressure product during ischemia. In the 48-h study, infarct size, expressed as percent of occluded bed size, was 41.3 +/- 7.6% (mean +/- SE) in the control group, 37.1 +/- 7.2% in the low-dose h-SOD group, and 48.0 +/- 7.1% in the high-dose h-SOD group. In the 4-h study, infarct size was 30.6 +/- 4.9% in the control group and 31.5 +/- 9.6% in the high-dose h-SOD group. Analysis of the flow-infarct relationships confirmed that h-SOD did not reduce infarct size at any level of collateral flow in either the 48- or 4-h study. Recovery of regional myocardial function after reperfusion was also unaffected by h-SOD in both studies. Thus in this randomized blinded study, large doses of h-SOD given at the time of reperfusion failed to limit infarct size or enhance recovery of function, both early (4 h) and late (48 h) after reperfusion following a 2-h coronary occlusion.
Non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification (NINA): Instrument-free molecular malaria diagnostics for low-resource settings (2010)

We have achieved the first complete, non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) using a calcium oxide heat source thermally linked to an engineered phase change material. These two components alone maintain a thermal profile suitable for the loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. Starting with computational fluid dynamics analysis, we identified nominal geometry for the exothermic reaction chamber, phase change material chamber, thermal insulation, and packaging. Using this model, we designed and fabricated an alpha prototype assay platform. We have verified the function of this multi-pathogen-capable platform with both fluorescent and visual turbidity indications using samples spiked with malaria DNA. Both the exothermically heated platform samples and samples heated on a Perkin-Elmer GeneAmp9600 thermocycler were first incubated at 62°C for 45 minutes, then heated to 95°C to terminate enzyme activity, then analyzed. Results from the exothermically heated, non-instrumented platform were comparable to those from the thermocycler. These developments will enable point-of-care diagnostics using accurate NAATs which until now have required a well-equipped laboratory. The aim of this research is to provide pathogen detection with NAAT-level sensitivity in low-resource settings where assays such as immunochromatographic strip tests are successfully used but where there is no access to the infrastructure and logistics required to operate and maintain instrument-based diagnostics.
Location based speaker segmentation (2003)

This paper proposes a technique that segments audio according to speakers based on their location. In many multi-party conversations, such as meetings, the location of participants is restricted to a small number of regions, such as seats around a table, or at a whiteboard. In such cases, segmentation according to these discrete regions would be a reliable means of determining speaker turns. We propose a system that uses microphone pair time delays as features to represent speaker locations. These features are integrated in a GMM/HMM framework to determine an optimal segmentation of the audio according to location. The HMM framework also allows extensions to recognize more complex structure, such as the presence of two simultaneous speakers. Experiments testing the system on real recordings from a meeting room show that the proposed location features can provide greater discrimination than standard cepstral features, and also demonstrate the success of an extension to handle dual-speaker overlap.
Profiling walking dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: characterisation, classification and progression over time (2018)

Gait dysfunction is a common and relevant symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to profile gait pathology in gait-impaired patients with MS using comprehensive 3D gait analysis and clinical walking tests. Thirty-seven patients with MS walked on the treadmill at their individual, sustainable speed while 20 healthy control subjects walked at all the different patient's paces, allowing for comparisons independent of walking velocity. Kinematic analysis revealed pronounced restrictions in knee and ankle joint excursion, increased gait variability and asymmetry along with impaired dynamic stability in patients. The most discriminative single gait parameter, differentiating patients from controls with an accuracy of 83.3% (χ<sup>2</sup> test; p = 0.0001), was reduced knee range of motion. Based on hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis, three principal pathological gait patterns were identified: a spastic-paretic, an ataxia-like, and an unstable gait. Follow-up assessments after 1 year indicated deterioration of walking function, particularly in patients with spastic-paretic gait patterns. Our findings suggest that impaired knee/ankle control is common in patients with MS. Personalised gait profiles and clustering algorithms may be promising tools for stratifying patients and to inform patient-tailored exercise programs. Responsive, objective outcome measures are important for monitoring disease progression and treatment effects in MS trials.
Laser hole sealing of commercially pure grade 1 titanium (2012)

Hermetically sealed Ti capsules filled with electrolyte solutions are required in many medical device applications. The laser hole sealing process is well suited for this type of application. There is, however, a lack of understanding of the laser hole sealing mechanism, especially in the presence of an electrolyte medium. In this study, the mechanism of the laser hole sealing process was investigated by characterizing the surface morphology and cross-sections of welds made both with and without electrolyte. It was shown that the laser sealing mechanism transitions from (i) no sealing due to insufficient energy; (ii) the coalescence of the weld pool and the onset of sealing; (iii) increasing penetration depth up to full penetration; and (iv) laser ablation and drilling. Laser hole sealing in the presence of electrolyte decreases the size of the process window for suitable laser energies and affects the microstructure of the sealed hole.
Applicability of RFID and Agent-Based Control for Product Identification in Distributed Production (2006)

With the exploding complexity of distributed production, current management concepts cannot feasibly maintain full control over work pieces in the plant. Product identification technologies such as RFID are a solution to retain control. Nevertheless they are only a piece in the puzzle to retrieve the desired information at shop floor level and superordinate levels like ERP systems. This paper analyses the suitability of RFID (radio frequency identification) in agent-based control applications to gain full control over all products and resources at shop floor level. Additionally, an implementation concept for RFID-based product control developed in the EU project PABADIS' PROMISE is presented; the project aims at installing a completely distributed agent-based production control system with full information control.
Oxidation of Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds with CrO<sub>3</sub>·SiO<sub>2</sub> in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2006)

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is an effective reaction medium to perform the oxidation of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds with chromium trioxide supported on silica. These reactions were performed by flowing a solution of the alcohol in scCO2 through a column containing the supported reagent and recovering the product by depressurization. This method avoids the use of organic solvents and the contamination of the products with chromium species.
Of Sonia's Doli, Grandfather's Fiddle, and the Changeling: The Fantasy Childhood of Leopold Stokowski (1984)

For two generations critics of conductor Leopold Stokowski commented on his strange accent, inconsistent accounts of his origins, birth date and childhood. Hostile and influential critics averse to Stokowski's music making and to his life style created a Stokowski stereotype based largely on these inconsistencies in which the conductor was summed up as "charlatan, poseur and phony." However the accent, romanticised childhood and family were so implausible and easy to expose that the motive behind their creation could not be charlatanry-if only because these transparent fabrications gave Stokowski's critics their most potent weapon against him. What then was his motive? It lay in his intense aversion to his real background and his creation of a "family romance" as an alternative, in accord with his adult conception of his own identity. Stokowski's fabrications, believed in the telling, protected him from the guilt and shame associated with his real London childhood.
A Study on Human Service Worker’s Work-related Trauma Experience and Recovery Support System (2020)

본 연구는 복지, 상담, 보건 영역에서 서비스를 제공하는 휴먼서비스종사자들이 업무수행 중에 경험하는 클라이언트 폭력과 외상경험의 내용을 파악하고 그에 대한 적절한 대책을 모색하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위해 일 광역지자체 내 휴먼서비스종사자 16명을 연구참여자로 선정하여 직무특성에 따라 3개의 집단으로 구분한 후 각 집단별로 1회기씩 총 3회에 걸친 포커스집단인터뷰를 실시하고 그 내용을 질적 분석하였다. 연구결과 연구참여자들은업무수행 중 클라이언트로부터 신체적, 언어적 폭력과 더불어 부당한 민원이나 고소고발 등과 같은 의도적인 괴롭힘을 당한 경험을 갖고 있었으며 이와 함께 직무특성으로 인해 의도치 않은 이차 외상도 경험하고 있는 것으로나타났다. 이들은 이러한 경험들이 업무수행 뿐 아니라 일상생활에도 상당한지장을 초래하고 있지만 제대로 대응할 수 있는 제도나 자원의 미비로 인해 어려움을 겪고 있는 현실을 호소하였으며, 종사자가 외상으로부터 회복할수 있는 프로그램을 구축하고 이를 지원하는 행정체계를 마련해 줄 것을 요청하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 휴먼서비스종사자들의 트라우마예방과 회복을 지원할 수 있는 실천적 및 제도적 함의를 제시하였다.The purpose of this study was to identify the work-related trauma experiences such as client violence, secondary trauma and vicarious traumatization and to suggest the counterplan of the traumatic experiences among human service workers who engage in the filed of welfare, health, and counseling. The study participants were 16 human service workers who work as social workers, mental health professionals, and counselors. Focus group interviews were conducted as a research method. The results show that study participants experienced client violence such as verbal and physical abuse, threatening, unfair charges, etc. Also they mentioned about vicarious traumatization which affects a daily life and job performances. However, because of the poor protective system and the lack of resources to support recovery from various kinds of work-related trauma, they have difficulty in coping with the trauma by themselves. As recovery support system, different protective policies, and counseling, healing, and rest programs were suggested. The implications of this study were discussed on the basis of the study results.
Impact of the patient’s body position on the intraabdominal workspace during laparoscopic surgery (2010)

The Trendelenburg position for lower abdominal surgery and reverse Trendelenburg with flexing of the legs at the hips for upper abdominal surgery effectively improved the workspace in obese patients, even with full muscle relaxation.
SPECIFIC UNRESPONSIVENESS IN RATS WITH PROLONGED CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL AFTER TREATMENT WITH CYCLOSPORINE (1989)

A 10-day course of cyclosporine treatment inhibits the capacity of DA rats to reject PVG heart grafts and leads to the development of specific unresponsiveness and indefinite graft survival, which is mediated by a W3/25+ (CD4+) suppressor cell. In this study the sequential changes in the alloreactivity of the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of CsA-treated DA rats were examined. During the induction phase, 8 and 20 days posttransplant, W3/25+ cells retained normal alloreactivity in that they adoptively restored PVG heart graft rejection in irradiated DA rats. By day 50 they had lost their capacity to restore rejection of PVG grafts but still retained their capacity to effect third party W/F graft rejection. W3/25+ cells from control grafted rats adoptively restored PVG graft rejection even at 75 days posttransplant, suggesting that the loss of alloreactivity of W3/25+ cells in CsA-treated rats was due to the prevention of rejection by CsA, and not a consequence of sensitization to alloantigen. MRCOX8+ cells from CsA-treated rats showed some evidence of sensitization at days 8 and 20 but lost this by day 50. These studies showed that during the induction phase, normal alloreactivity of W3/25+ cells is retained and sensitization of MRCOX8+ cells occurs. Specific loss of reactivity and suppressor potential of W3/25+ cells developed later, when specific unresponsiveness to second donor strain grafts developed in these hosts.
Determination of total body water by Fourier transform infrared analysis. (1990)

A new technique for determining body water using deuterium isotope dilution and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis is described. The advantages of the FTIR over conventional dispersion and filter infrared instruments include greater flexibility through computer controlled operations and availability of 'on-line' analytical software. The technique was further improved by the development of a simple procedure for determining D2O concentration in untreated serum samples. A validation study of six normal adults showed that the fat-free-mass determined from the deuterium-space (total body water) correlated well with the results obtained by total body nitrogen (r = 0.997), total body potassium (r = 0.996) and anthropometric (r = 0.995) measurements.
Preparation of fibrous adsorbents containing amidoxime groups by radiation‐induced grafting and application to uranium recovery from sea water (1993)

Abstract Polypropylene fibers and polyethylene hollow fibers were used as trunk polymers and were irradiated by electron beams with a dose of 200 kGy under N 2 atmosphere. Grafting of acrylonitrile to those irradiated fibers was carried out at 40°C for different periods of time. The degree of grafting was determined as a function of time. The fibrous adsorbents containing amidoxime groups were prepared by the reaction of acrylonitrile‐grafted polymers with 3% hydroxylamine in a methanol–water mixture (1 : 1). Distribution of copper ions complexed with amidoxime groups at various adsorption times was obtained by electron‐probe X‐ray microanalysis. The amidoxime groups are homogeneously distributed in the cross section of fibrous adsorbents. The fibrous adsorbents based upon polypropylene fiber of 40 μm showed a remarkable kinetic behavior for Cu 2+ . Even after 15 min, the adsorption capacity was 2.32 mmol Cu 2+ per gram of fiber. Also, the functionalization with hydroxylamine was carried out at different conditions to compare the adsorption characteristics of the resultant adsorbents. Despite having superficially different properties (elemental microanalysis, ion‐exchange capacities, adsorption capacity for UO ), the polypropylene‐based fibrous adsorbents showed similar adsorption properties for uranium from sea water. The adsorption tests proved the performance of the polypropylene‐based fibrous adsorbents as a promising material for uranium recovery from sea water. In addition, uranium uptake of fibrous adsorbents increased in proportion to the volume of sea water. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Effect of Creative Culture on Employee Creative Engagement in an Organization (2019)

The process of employee creative engagement can be triggered by creating a creative culture in an organization. Hence, creativity is a philosophy and principle that should be adopted by every organization that desire success and creative engagement on the part of employees. This study critically examined the role of creative culture of an organization in influencing employee creative engagement. To achieve this objective, a total of 89 staff drawn from the academic and non-academic staff of Covenant University in Ogun State, Nigeria, was sampled. The data collected were analysed using regression analysis. The result showed that creative culture has positive significant effect on employee creative engagement. Based on the findings of the study, the implication for management of organizations is that there is a need to ensure that a creative culture is incorporated and embedded as an organizational policy geared towards fostering employee creative engagement.
On realistic human motion simulation for virtual manipulation tasks (2008)

Repetitive motion on industrial workstations is at the origin of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). There is a need for new simulation tools that allows for human motion prediction. This paper addresses the problem of realistic human motion simulation on industrial workstations. It is based on motion analysis and control synthesis on a kinematics basis. Literature and motion captures are compared. Then, a scheme based on optimization in Cartesian and motor space is proposed and tested on 2 significant examples. Singular Value theory is used for determining the shape of hand paths. Finally, an industrial application is simulated. Simulations are realized with a 23 Degrees Of Freedom (DOF) virtual human and are also of interest for humanoid robots.
FATE OF THE TOXIC CYCLIC HEPTAPEPTIDES, THE MICROCYSTINS, FROM BLOOMS OF <i>MICROCYSTIS</i> (CYANOBACTERIA) IN A HYPERTROPHIC LAKE<sup>1</sup> (1992)

ABSTRACT The in situ fate of the toxic cyclic heptapeptides, the microcystins, produced by blooms of Microcystis was examined at two stations in a hypertrophic Japanese lake. Microcystins were detected in all samples of Microcystis with quantities varying seasonally and spatially (230–950 μg · g dry wt −1 at St. 1 and 160–746 μg · g dry wt −1 at St. 2) and composed of microcystin‐LR, ‐RR, and‐YR. Microcystin‐RR was the dominant toxin in most samples. A large amount of microcystin (1.1 μg · L −1 ) was detected in only one sample of filtered lake water. Accumulation of microcystin in zooplankton was indirectly estimated from a newly developed equation model. Large amounts of microcystin (75–1387 μg · g dry wt −1 ) were accumulated in the zooplankton community, which consisted of two cladocerans, Bosmina fatalis Burckhardt and Diaphanosoma brachyurum Lieve, and a copepod, Cyclops vicinus Uljanin, that co‐occurred with the toxic Microcystis blooms. The maximum percent of microcystin content in zooplankton to that in Microcystis was 202%. Among the three species of zooplankton, only B. fatalis seemed to be responsible for accumulation of the microcystins because C. vicinus appeared to avoid contact with Microcystis cells and D. brachyurum did not consume colonies of Microcystis. Microcystins may be transferred to higher trophic levels through B. fatalis .
Avalanche gain in charge-coupled devices (1986)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1986.
RGC death in mice after optic nerve crush injury: oxidative stress and neuroprotection. (2000)

Overexpression of CuZnSOD accelerates RGC death after optic nerve injury in mice. Activation of the alpha2-adrenoreceptor pathway by brimonidine enhances survival of RGCs in an in vivo transgenic model of excessive oxidative stress.