gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design optimization of the PMT-ClearPET prototypes based on simulation studies with GEANT3 (2003)

Within the Crystal Clear Collaboration (CCC), four centers are developing second generation high performance small animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanners for different kinds of animals and medical applications. The first prototypes are photomultiplier tube (PMT)-based systems including depth of interaction (DOI) detection by using a phoswich layer of lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) and lutetium yttrium aluminum perovskite (LuYAP). The aim of these simulation studies is to optimize sensitivity and spatial resolution of given designs, which vary in fields of view (FOVs) caused by different detector configurations (ring/octagon) and sizes. For this purpose the simulation tool GEANT3 (CERN, Geneva, Switzerland) was used.
Update on Apomorphine for the Rapid Treatment of Hypomobility (“Off”) Episodes in Parkinson's Disease (2006)

As Parkinson's disease progresses, fluctuations between akinesia, or hypomobility ("off" times), and mobility ("on" times) increase in frequency despite optimized pharmacotherapy. Motor fluctuations include predictable shortening of therapeutic effects, nocturnal or early morning akinesia, random hypomobility, and delayed mobility (variable responses to individual doses of drugs). Current oral antiparkinson drugs are inadequate for rapid and consistent relief of symptoms during hypomobility. Apomorphine, an injectable dopamine agonist recently introduced in the United States, is indicated for the management of hypomobility associated with advanced Parkinson's disease. Subcutaneous apomorphine is effective for rapid and consistent rescue from hypomobility, with a magnitude of motor improvement similar to that of levodopa. The effect begins within 20 minutes after dosing and lasts approximately 100 minutes. Therapeutic rescue doses are 2-6 mg, and patients typically require approximately three rescue doses/day. Apomorphine is associated with a clinically significant potential to cause nausea and orthostatic hypotension. These potential effects can be managed with antiemetic prophylaxis and appropriate determination of the therapeutic rescue dose.
Secretion of a trypsin-like thiol protease by a new keratinolytic strain of Bacillus licheniformis (2001)

When cultured in feather-containing broth with a growth optimum of pH 7.0 and 47 degrees C, a Bacillus licheniformis strain exhibited a high chicken feather-degrading activity. A trypsin-like protease was isolated from its ferment broth and was partially characterized. The enzyme was constitutively secreted and was highly active towards N-benzoyl-Phe-Val-Arg-p-nitroanilide as chromogenic substrate. Its pH optimum was 8.5 and it exhibited the highest activity at 52 degrees C. Fractionation on Sephadex G-100 column revealed that its molecular mass was about 42 kDa. The enzyme, which is new for the genus Bacillus, is a thiol protease, as tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and ethylenediamine tetraacetate did not inhibit it, while HgCl2 and para-chloromercuribenzoate lowered its activity.
Bayesian image reconstruction in positron emission tomography (1990)

A Bayesian method that incorporates a priori information to improve the resulting image quality in positron emission tomography is described. This approach utilizes a Gibbs prior to describe correlation of neighboring regions and takes into account the effect of limited spatial resolution. The Gibbs prior includes features depicting the similarity of intensities in neighboring pixels within homogeneous regions and line sites outlined as boundaries between regions. The effect of limited spatial resolution is incorporated into the probability density functions relating image cells to detector bins. Other physical factors, in principle, can be included as well. A highly efficient computational technique, the iterative conditional averages method, was employed for computing the point estimates. Significant improvements in image quality can be anticipated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization and CO Oxidation Activity of Cu/Cr/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalysts (1998)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been used to characterize a series of Cu/Cr/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by stepwise incipient wetness impregnation of first chromium followed by copper (designated “CuCry”). The copper loading was held constant at 8 wt % CuO, and chromium loadings were varied from 0 to 20 wt % Cr2O3. The information obtained from surface and bulk characterization has been correlated with the CO oxidation activity of the catalysts. XPS and XRD results of analogous Cry indicated that the Cr dispersion decreased and the concentration of Cr3+ species increased with increasing Cr content. The decrease in Cu dispersion of CuCry with increasing Cr content has been attributed to the formation of large crystalline CuO and CuCr2O4. Copper addition decreased the Cr dispersion by reacting selectively with a dispersed Cr3+ species to form CuCr2O4 species. However, the Cu addition did not affect the Cr oxidation state distribution compared to that of Cry. For low Cr loading CuCry catalysts (Cr/Al ≤ 0.027), the CO oxidation activity increased with increasing Cr content due to the formation of crystalline CuO on the Cr-modified alumina. This has been attributed to the inhibition of Cu ion diffusion into alumina lattice vacancies by highly dispersed chromium species. The CuCry catalyst of Cr/Al = 0.054 showed the highest CO oxidation activity due to the formation of CuCr2O4 which was more active than the CuO phase. For Cr-rich catalysts (Cr/Al ≥ 0.080), the decrease in CO oxidation activity has been ascribed to the encapsulation of the active site with Cr2O3 species.
Moment calculations by digital filters (1984)

We present a simple recursive algorithm for computing moments of two-dimensional integer arrays. It uses only additions and can be implemented for high-speed and real-time computation at video rates. We describe Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS), Very Large-Scale Integrated (VLSI) implementation of the algorithm in a single chip that can calculate the 16 moments μi, j (i, j = 0, 1, 2, 3) (i.e., up to the sixth-order moment) on 512 × 512 array of 8-bit integers in real time (at video rate). Such a chip can have potential applications in image processing, graphics, and robotics. The basic building block of the system is a single-pole digital filter that is implemented by recursive addition. The complexities involved in designing the chip, as well as its area, are significantly reduced by taking advantage of the fact that the column samples of the data array can be processed at a much slower rate than the row samples. An estimate of the chip area obtained from the layout design of the individual cells is given.
Gain enhancement in dielectric core filled multimode conical horn antenna (2002)

Dielectric core inserted multimode conical horns for optimizing the feed horn performance with low sidelobe and cross-polarization together with increased directivity and gain are investigated. Multiflare conical horns were designed at K/sub u/-band frequencies, and were studied experimentally with dielectric core inserts made of low-loss polyethylene and polystyrene. Radiation pattern measurements were for HE/sub 11/ mode excitation of the horn by a TE/sub 11/ mode in the input circular waveguide at frequencies of 10 to 18 GHz. It is observed that the performance of the horn is similar to that of the dielectric loaded multiflare conical horn studied by the author earlier (1992). But the distinctive difference is that in the present horn the gain performance is less sensitive to frequency compared to that with wall dielectric loading.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL DE LOS ADOLESCENTES TALENTOSOS (2011)

The aim of this study is triple; verify if there were differences in emotional intelligence between talented and non-talented subjects; if there were differences due to the gender and if the differences depended on the psychological instrument used. In this study 363 pupils participated from first grade of two Gadalajara (Mexico) secondary public schools. They were between 12 and 13 years old. From them, 94 were talented (59 women and 35 men); and 269 (168 women and 101 men) were non talented. In order to measure the emotional intelligence, two instruments: TMMS 24, a short version of Trait-Mata Mood Scale, and Bar-On EQ-:YV were used. The results of EQ-i: YV demonstrated the presence of significant differences between talented and non-talented subjects as well as differences due to the gender in the general sample. The results of TMMS did not show any difference due to the talent or gender.
Angle of progression measurements of fetal head at term: a systematic comparison between open magnetic resonance imaging and transperineal ultrasound (2011)

During labor, transperineal sonography is increasingly used to evaluate fetal head descent. The aim of the present study was to compare the angle of progression assessed by open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus transperineal ultrasound.
Sieving mechanisms in polymeric matrices (2003)

A critical review of the existing theoretical models and experimental evidences for sieving mechanisms during separation of macromolecules, paying particular attention to capillary electrophoresis applications is presented. Gel models (Ogston and reptation) have been successfully applied to highly entangled polymer solutions, where fast and efficient separations can occur. In order to account for the DNA/polymers collision-interaction mechanisms during separation in dilute solutions - characterized by a poorer resolution -, approximated analytical models have been developed. An insight in the mechanism regulating the intermediate case of moderately entangled polymer solutions, for low fields and concentrations of small multiples of the overlap concentration c*, is given by the constraint release approach. This model proposes an upper limit of size separation, increasing with matrix concentration and molecular mass. Finally, the coupling between the reptative motion of the analytes and the effect of matrix constraint release very likely plays a fundamental role in the separation mechanism and requires therefore further and deeper investigation, both theoretically and experimentally.
The Pillar Palatal Implant System: First Results in OSA Patients (2004)

R071 Problem: In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgical treatment is discussed controversially. Minimal invasive treatments are favored by the patients. Having shown the efficacy of Pillar Palatal Implant Systems (made of polyethylentherephthalate) in the treatment of primary snoring, the aim of our study was to assess their effectiveness in the treatment of mild to moderate OSA. Methods: Overweight patients (n=10; BMI 26.5 ± 2.2 kg/m2; age, 49 ± 8.6 years) with mild to moderate OSA were included in our prospective study. Objective (polysomnography) and subjective (daytime sleepiness, snoring, pain, taste, and speech) data were assessed pre- and postoperatively. Three implants were inserted into the soft palate under local anesthesia. The postoperative exam was performed after 3 months. Results: There were no complications during surgery. Snoring was reduced in the Visual Analogue Scale from 8.5 ± 1.8 to 3.8 ± 2.3 (P<0.01), the Apnea-Hypopnea-Index went down from 18.4/h ± 4.4 to 11.1/h ± 13.0 (P>0.05). Speech, swallowing, and taste remained unchanged. Conclusion: The new Pillar Palatal Implant System is a safe and secure method to reduce snoring. Short time results show no significant changes in the Apnea-Hypopnea-Index. Detailed analysis of long-term results remains to be carried out. Significance: The Pillar Palatal Implant System is a simple procedure with impact on snoring. We hope that long-term results might show a decrease in the Apnea-Hypopnea-Index. Support: None reported.
Arlene Silicon Compounds. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTArlene Silicon Compounds.H. N. Beck and R. G. ChaffeeCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1963, 8, 4, 602–603Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/je60019a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (191 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
A Vision Approach for Expiry Date Recognition using Stretched Gabor Features (2015)

Productexpiry date represent important information for products consumption. They must contain clear information in the label. The expiry date information stamped on the cover of product faced some challenges due to their writing in pencil and distorted characters. In this paper, an automated vision approach for recognizing expiry date numerals of industrial product is presented. The system consists of four stages namely, numeral string preproc essing, numerals string segmentation, features extraction and numeral recognition. In preprocessing module, we convert the im age to binary image based on threshold. A vertical projection process is adopted to isolate numerals, in the segmentation module. In the features extraction module, Fourier Magnitude (FM), Local Energy (LE) and Complex Moments (CM) derived from Stretched Gabor (SGabor) filters outputs are extracted at various filter orientations. Also, the mean and the variance of each feature map are extracted. The recognition process is achieved by classifying the extracted features, which represent the numeral image, with trained Multilayer Neural Network (MNN) using kfol d cross validation procedure. Through experiments, we demonstrate the richness of the SGabor features of information is highlighted. Consequently, the set of features shows its usefulness for practical usage. Keyword : Computer vision, FM, CM, LE, numeral recognition, NN, SGabor filters.
UCN-01 Abrogates G2 Arrest through a Cdc2-dependent Pathway That Is Associated with Inactivation of the Wee1Hu Kinase and Activation of the Cdc25C Phosphatase (1998)

We have previously demonstrated that UCN-01, a potent protein kinase inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials for cancer treatment, abrogates G2 arrest following DNA damage. Here we used murine FT210 cells, which contain temperature-sensitive Cdc2 mutations, to determine if UCN-01 abrogates G2 arrest through a Cdc2-dependent pathway. We report that UCN-01 cannot induce mitosis in DNA-damaged FT210 cells at the non-permissive temperature for Cdc2 function. Failure to abrogate G2 arrest was not due to UCN-01-inactivation at the elevated temperature because parental FM3A cells, which have wild-type Cdc2, were sensitive to UCN-01-induced G2 checkpoint abrogation. Having established that UCN-01 acted through Cdc2, we next assessed UCN-01's effect on the Cdc2-inhibitory kinase, Wee1Hu, and the Cdc2-activating phosphatase, Cdc25C. We found that Wee1Hu was indeed inactivated in UCN-01-treated cells, possibly just prior to Cdc2 activation and entry of DNA-damaged cells into mitosis. This inhibition appeared, however, to be a consequence of a further upstream action since in vitro studies revealed purified Wee1Hu was relatively resistant to UCN-01-inhibition. Consistent with such an upstream action, UCN-01 also promoted the hyperphosphorylation (activation) of Cdc25C in DNA-damaged cells. Our results suggest that UCN-01 abrogates G2 checkpoint function through inhibition of a kinase residing upstream of Cdc2, Wee1Hu, and Cdc25C, and that changes observed in these mitotic regulators are downstream consequences of UCN-01's actions.
Mutational analysis of the Lactococcus lactis NIZO B40 exopolysaccharide (EPS) gene cluster: EPS biosynthesis correlates with unphosphorylated EpsB (2007)

This study provides molecular understanding of polysaccharide production in L. lactis that could eventually enable novel approaches to control EPS production by lactic acid bacteria during industrial fermentation processes.
Embolization of incidental cerebral aneurysms by using the Guglielmi detachable coil system (1999)

The evolution of GDC technology has proved to provide safe treatment of incidental aneurysms (a morbidity rate of 0% was achieved in the last 65 patients). The topography of the aneurysm and the clinical condition of the patient did not influence final anatomical or clinical outcomes. The GDC technology also confers a positive economic impact by decreasing hospital length of stay and by eliminating the need for postembolization intensive care.
Soft Tissue Augmentation Using a Two-Way Connector to Supplement Hyaluronic Acid Filler with 1% Lidocaine Hydrochloric Acid with Epinephrine 1 (2010)

Beasley, Karen L. MD*†; Weiss, Margaret A. MD†‡; Weiss, Robert A. MD†‡ Author Information
Parallel image transmission by unordered fiber bundles (1980)

An optical arranger comprised of a spatially multiplexed multicomponent hologram restores the exact ordering of the input information after it has been scrambled by transmission through unordered fiber bundles.
Direct preparation of thiazoles, imidazoles, imidazopyridines and thiazolidines from alkenes (2011)

A range of heterocycles, namely thiazoles, imidazoles, imidazopyridines, thiazolidines and dimethoxyindoles, have been synthesised directly from alkenes via a two-step ketoidoination/cyclisation protocol. The alkene starting materials are themselves readily accessible using many different and well-established approaches, and allow access to a variety of heterocycles with excellent yields and regioselectivity.
<i>Guignardia musae</i> . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]. (1975)

Abstract A description is provided for Guignardia musae . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Musa cavendishii, M. paradisiaca and M. sapientum . DISEASE: Freckle of banana ( Musa ). Symptoms on the fingers may appear 2-4 weeks after the bunch has shot but are most noticeable at harvest. On the fruit are red brown, superficial spots usually circular, up to 2 mm diam., with dark green watersoaked halos. Spots may coalesce and dense aggregations of them may form streaks or circular areas. At harvest freckle may completely cover the fingers; the presence of pycnidia renders the surface rough to the touch. The proximal hand is often the most severely affected. On leaves the dark brown or black spots may be small (<1 mm diam.) or larger (up to 4 mm diam.). In the former case freckled areas have a sooty appearance, and streaks or circular areas may form. In the latter case the spots may have fawn or greyish centres with yellowish-green halos. Coalescence of spots occurs and freckle is usually restricted to the older leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in south and east Asia and the Pacific islands; also in east Africa, but the infections caused have not been found in central or south America (53, 797). TRANSMISSION: Conidia water-dispersed.
Active EGF receptors have limited access to PtdIns(4,5)<i>P</i>2 in endosomes: implications for phospholipase C and PI 3-kinase signaling (2002)

Although prolonged cell signaling is attenuated by internalization and downregulation of active receptors, it is now appreciated that many receptors continue to signal in intracellular compartments. Employing enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion probes, we have investigated the hypothesis that multiple signaling pathways are affected by the differential trafficking of membrane substrates such as PtdIns(4,5)P(2). A phosphotyrosine-specific probe, but not a PtdIns(4,5)P(2)-specific probe, colocalized with internalized EGF as well as transferrin in EGF-stimulated living cells expressing autophosphorylation-competent EGF receptors. Neither probe colocalized with transferrin in the absence of EGF, demonstrating that the reduced level of accessible PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in endosomes is constitutive. Finally, a PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)-specific probe, which monitors phosphorylation of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) by phosphoinositide 3-kinases, was recruited to the plasma membrane but not to EGF- or transferrin-containing endosomes in response to EGF stimulation. These results suggest that while many internalized receptors continue to engage intracellular enzymes, the phospholipase C and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways are abrogated by the constitutive lack of accessible PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in endosomes.
Normal‐Phase Liquid Chromatography (2000)

Abstract Normal‐phase liquid chromatography (NPLC) is a technique that uses columns packed with polar stationaryphases combined with nonpolar or moderately‐polar mobile phases to separate the components of mixtures. The rate at which individual solutes migrate through NPLC columns is primarily a function of their polarity. Less polar solutes move the fastest and therefore exit the column and are detected first, followed by solutes of increasing polarity which move more slowly. However, polarity can sometimes play a secondary role relative to a solute's ability to experience a specific interaction with active sites on the stationary phase surface. The importance of these specific solute–stationary phase interactions in NPLC gives it some unique advantages over the more widely practised reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) technique. RPLC utilizes nonpolar stationary phases and aqueous‐based polar mobile phases, and the elution order of solutes in a mixture is related to their hydrophobicity, not polarity; more polar solutes move the fastest and appear first, followed by solutes of decreasing polarity. RPLC is useful for separating mixtures in which components differ in molecular weight and/or water solubility. However, NPLC is preferred for many separation problems, including those in which the water solubility of sample compounds is limited. In addition, NPLC is a better technique for separating compounds that differ in the number or character of functional groups and is particularly useful for separating many types of isomers.
Accurate magnetic exchange couplings in transition-metal complexes from constrained density-functional theory (2006)

We demonstrate an accurate method for extracting Heisenberg exchange-coupling constants (J) from density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. We note that the true uncoupled low-spin state of a given molecule should be identified with the ground state of the system subject to a constraint on the spin density of the atoms. Using an efficient optimization strategy for constrained DFT we obtain these states directly, leading to a simple, physically motivated formula for J. Our method only depends on state energies and their associated electron densities and assigns no unphysical meaning to the Kohn-Sham determinant or individual orbitals. We study several bimetallic transition-metal complexes and find that the constrained DFT approach is competitive with, if not better than, the best broken symmetry DFT results. The success of constrained DFT in these cases appears to result from a balanced elimination of self-interaction error and static correlation from the simulation.