gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morphologic Changes in the Bursa of Fabricius of Chickens After Inoculation with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (1979)

Sequential morphologic changes in the bursa of Fabricius were studied after oral inoculation of 1-day-old chicks with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The epithelial surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy, whereas the IBDV replication was sequentially followed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The earliest detectable changes in the bursal epithelium were evident at postinoculation hour (PIH) 48. They were characterized by reduction in numbers and size of microvilli on the epithelial cells accompanied by gradual involution of the button-like bursal follicles. At PIH 96 some specimens showed localized surface erosions due to loss of epithelial cells. As the damage progressed, the infolding of the buttomlike follicles became more pronounced and the surface erosions became more extensive. Loss of surface epithelium exposed the underlying damaged bursal follicles which appeared to be bounded by columnar epithelium. Some follicles had lost almost all the lymphocytes and macrophages and appeared as empty craters. Intrafollicular replication of IBDV was detectable as early as PIH 24 by immunofluorescence technique. Viral replication primarily took place in the lymphoid follicles. Regeneration of the follicles was not seen up to postinoculation day 12, suggesting that the IBDV-induced bursal damage could be permanent.
Hybrid authentication and authorization model for web based applications (2016)

Organizations are extensively using Identity and Access Management (IAM) systems to manage and control the employees' identity and access privileges. An IAM system acts as a single trusted source of identity and access information. Securing and safeguarding of this sensitive information from malicious insiders and cyber assaults are essential for the successful operation of an organization. Accordingly, organizations require a well-defined authentication and authorization mechanism which ensure only the right persons at a right time with right privileges access the right applications. Though there are different Identity and Access Management models for authentication and authorization, those models have limitations in the implementation phase. Considering the hindrances and implementation pain points of the existing IAM models, this paper proposes a hybrid authentication and authorization model for secure and user-friendly web-based applications. The paper compares different access control models and their features with the proposed hybrid model.
The Chemistry of Vitamin E. (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Vitamin E.Lee Irvin. SmithCite this: Chem. Rev. 1940, 27, 2, 287–329Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1940https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60087a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60087a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views488Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Comparison of apical and infundabular pacing in patients with primary dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy]. (1999)

Dual chamber pacing has been proposed as an alternative treatment to patients with cardiac failure refractory to optimal medical therapy. The influence of the site of ventricular pacing was studied in 15 patients with an average age of 68.7 +/- 8.7 years with dilated cardiomyopathies and an average left ventricular ejection fraction of 22.3 +/- 6.8%. Three temporary USCI electrodes were positioned in the right atrium, the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and the right ventricular apex. The average duration of the QRS complexes and the haemodynamic parameters (PAP, PCP and cardiac index) were measured in sinus rhythm and during DDD apical, RVOT and simultaneous apical and RVOT pacing. The RVOT and simultaneous pacing significantly reduced the QRS duration (135 +/- 14 ms and 137 +/- 17 ms, p < 0.0001 respectively) compared with apical pacing (150 +/- 19 ms). The mean PAP and mean PCP remained unchanged in the different modes of pacing but the cardiac index increased significantly during RVOT pacing (2.99 +/- 0.67 l/min/m2) and simultaneous pacing (3 +/- 0.77 l/min/m2) compared with apical pacing (2.66 +/- 0.62 l/min/m2) (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively) and compared with sinus rhythm (2.62 +/- 0.7 l/min/m2) (p < 0.001 and p < 0.005 respectively). This study suggests that better results may be obtained with RVOT screw in lead than with the traditional right ventricular apical electrode.
SableSpMT (2005)

Speculative multithreading (SpMT) is a promising optimisation technique for achieving faster execution of sequential programs on multiprocessor hardware. Analysis of and data acquisition from such systems is however difficult and complex, and is typically limited to a specific hardware design and simulation environment. We have implemented a flexible, software-based speculative multithreading architecture within the context of a full-featured Java virtual machine. We consider the entire Java language and provide a complete set of support features for speculative execution, including return value prediction. Using our system we are able to generate extensive dynamic analysis information, analyse the effects of runtime feedback, and determine the impact of incorporating static, offline information. Our approach allows for accurate analysis of Java SpMT on existing, commodity multiprocessor hardware, and provides a vehicle for further experimentation with speculative approaches and optimisations.
Advance Reservation of Lightpaths in Optical-Network Based Grids (2004)

Advance reservation is an important part of grid computing. It guarantees that resources will be available at a pre-determined time to participate in the execution of a grid application. The advance reservation and scheduling of optical networks are key in guaranteeing that enough bandwidth, i.e., lightpaths, will be available for an application during a pre- determined interval of time. This paper studies the behavior of two algorithms developed for scheduling multiple lightpaths requested by advance reservation. To assess the benefit of each algorithm, we compare the blocking probability introduced by each of them. The blocking probability is obtained by simulating their behavior on different topologies. This simulation is based on traces of requests generated by FONTS, our Flexible Optical Network Traffic Simulator, which provides on-demand and advance-reservation requests with different characteristics.
Quantitative Determination of Lignans and Isoflavonoids in Plasma of Omnivorous and Vegetarian Women by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatographγ-Mass Spectrometry (1993)

The first quantitative method for the determination of both lignans and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens in plasma is presented. Using ion-exchange chromatography the diphenols are separated into two fractions 1) the biologically "active" fraction containing the free compounds + mono- and disulfates and 2) the biologically "inactive" fraction containing the mono- and diglucuronides and the sulfoglucuronides. After hydrolysis the fractions are further purified by solid phase extraction and ion exchange chromatography. Losses during the complete procedure are corrected for using radioactive estrogen conjugates during the first steps and later by adding deuterated internal standards of all compounds measured (matairesinol, enterodiol, enterolactone, daidzein, O-desmethylangolensin, equol, and genistein). The final determination is carried out by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode (GC/MS/SIM). The diphenols may be measured at concentrations as low as 0.2 to 1.0 nmol/l. Results of plasma analyses of all compounds in 27 pre- and postmenopausal omnivorous and vegetarian women are presented for the first time. The most important findings are that the free+sulfate fraction is low for genistein (3.8% of total), but as much as 21-25% of enterolactone and enterodiol occurs in this fraction. A good correlation between plasma and urine values was found. Total concentrations of individual compounds vary greatly between the subjects (from pmol/l to mumol/l), the vegetarians having higher values, particularly one vegan subject. The highest total enterolactone concentration value exceeded 1 mumol/l. It is concluded that a highly specific method for the assay of 3 lignans and 4 isoflavonoids in plasma has been developed. This method will be useful in future studies of lignan and isoflavonoid metabolism.
A novel silent discharge type ozonizer using pulse density modulated high-frequency inverter (2003)

In this paper, a novel prototype of pulse density modulation (PDM) voltage source type series inductor compensated load-resonant high-frequency inverter with a high voltage transformer is presented for driving a newly-developed silent discharge (SD) type ozone generating tube load. The PDM power regulation characteristics and operating performances of this ozone generating tube load driven by this load resonant inverter using IGBT modules are illustrated from a practical point of view, which can operate under stable conditions of PDM and PWM hybrid control strategy implemented by DSP. The effectiveness of this high-frequency inverter type ozonizer is proved in experiment, together with the simulation results.
The Official Propaganda of Great Britain (1939)

THE OFFICIAL PROPAGANDA OF GREAT BRITAIN Get access H. SCHUYLER FOSTER, JR. H. SCHUYLER FOSTER, JR. Mr. Foster is Assistant Professor of Political Science, Ohio State University, and spent 1937–38 in London as a Fellow of the Social Science Research Council. The major portion of this article was presented before the Round Table on Public Opinion at the December meeting of the American Political Science Association. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 3, Issue 2, April 1939, Pages 263–271, https://doi.org/10.1086/265289 Published: 01 April 1939
Investigation of n-type doping strategies for Mg<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub> (2018)

Computational investigation of n-type doping strategies for Mg<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>reveals new cation site dopants.
Human natural killer cells expressing the memory-associated marker CD45RO from tuberculous pleurisy respond more strongly and rapidly than CD45RO− natural killer cells following stimulation with interleukin-12 (2011)

Natural killer (NK) cells are known as innate immune lymphocytes that respond rapidly when challenged by pathogens but little is known about adaptive immune features including memory related to NK cells from human beings. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that human NK cells expressing the memory-associated marker CD45RO were persistent in pleural fluid cells (PFCs) from tuberculous patients. CD45RO(+) NK cells produced significantly more interferon-γ and were more cytotoxic compared with CD45RO(-) NK cells from PFCs when stimulated with interleukin-12 (IL-12). Consistently, IL-12 enhanced the expression of granzyme B, CD69, CD25, NKG2D, IL-12 receptors β1 and β2 on CD45RO(+) NK cells from PFCs. Our experiments contribute to a better understanding of the NK cells from PFCs and indicate that human CD45RO(+) NK cells from PFCs expressing a 'memory-like' phenotype may have an important role in defending against infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Identification of a Human Brain-specific Isoform of Mammalian STE20-like Kinase 3 That Is Regulated by cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase (2000)

A novel isoform of mammalian STE20-like kinase 3 (MST3) with a different 5' coding region from MST3, termed MST3b, was identified by searching through expressed sequence tag data base and obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA 5'-ends. MST3b was assigned to the long arm of human chromosome 13, D13S159-D13S280, by use of the National Center for Biotechnology Information sequence-tagged sites data base. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis with a probe derived from 5' distinct sequence of MST3b revealed that the expression of MST3b mRNA is restricted to the brain, in contrast to ubiquitous distribution of MST3 transcript. Western analysis confirmed the brain-specific expression of MST3b protein. In situ hybridization of rat brain sections with a MST3b-specific probe indicated that MST3b is widely expressed in different brain regions, with especially high expression in hippocampus and cerebral cortex. When expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, MST3b effectively phosphorylated myelin basic protein, as well as undergoing autophosphorylation. Interestingly, expression of MST3, but not MST3b, in HEK293 cells was able to activate the endogenous p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) up to 4-fold, whereas neither isoform activated p38 MAPK under the same conditions. Further experiments demonstrated that MST3b, but not MST3, was effectively phosphorylated by activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in both in vivo and in vitro assays. The mutation of Thr-18 into Ala in MST3b (T18A), a putative PKA phosphorylation site that is absent in MST3, abolished its phosphorylation by PKA. Consequently, expression of the T18A mutant in HEK293 cells led to partial activation of p42/44 MAPK, indicating that MST3b is under the regulation of PKA. Taken together, our data provide evidence that the two isoforms of STE20-like kinase 3 are differentially distributed and regulated.
The exploitation of acoustic-to-seismic coupling for the determination of soil properties (2000)

Laboratory measurements of three predicted wave types (two compressional or P-waves and one shear S-wave) have been made in artificial soils. The Type-I P and S-wave are predicted to be most sensitive to the macroscopic elastic properties of the frame, whilst the Type II P-wave is predicted to be most sensitive to the hydrodynamic material properties. A loudspeaker source has been used for the preferential excitation of the Type II P-wave whilst preferential excitement of the Type-I P-wave has been accomplished using a mechanical shaker. Probe microphone measurements of the Type-II wave allowed the flow resistivity and tortuosity of the material to be determined using a rigid frame model, whilst deduction of elastic moduli has been made from signals received at buried geophones. It has been shown that microphone signals include Type-I P-wave energy in a high flow resistivity soil. Acoustically deduced soil properties are consistent with mechanically derived values. A systematic investigation of outdoor measurements of acoustic-to-seismic coupling ratio has been made. From the measurements, it has been found that the geophone-ground coupling has a great effect upon the measured coupling ratio. In-situ calibration methods have been developed to overcome this problem. whilst the novel use of a Laser Doppler Vibrometer has been proposed to provide a completely non-invasive method of measuring motion in soils. The measured coupling ratio has been compared with theoretical predictions, using a modified Bio-Sto11 formulation. The model can be used to predict values of flow resistivity, porosity, bulk and shear moduli and layer depths. Reasonable agreement has been obtained between the model and data. Procedures that exploit acoustic-to-seismic coupling data and models to determine soil properties have been developed and used to measure the soil properties of friable agricultural soils where more standard investigation techniques have proved unsuitable.
Antibacterial Effects of Silver Electrodes with Weak Direct Current (1974)

Silver, platinum, gold, stainless-steel, and copper electrodes were used with low currents (0.02 to 20 muA/mm(2)) to explore their electrochemical effects on the growth of four bacterial species. In the higher current ranges, all electrodes inhibited growth at both poles, usually in conjunction with electrolytic break-down of the medium and severe corrosion of the metal. Silver, however, was extremely bacteriostatic, even at the lowest current, when used as the anode. Quantitative studies showed that most of this inhibition takes place in a few hours and is not accompanied by changes in pH. Electrochemically injected silver from the anode is probably the instrumental agent, being effective in concentrations of about 5 mug/ml. This is the equivalent concentration of silver sulfadiazine that has been shown to give complete inhibition of bacteria, but without the sulfonamide moiety.
Improved lifting scheme for block subband coding (2003)

Time-varying orthogonal filter bank approaches for block wavelet transform (WT) and wavelet packet (WP) based subband coding methods have two common problems: (1) severe block effects in subbands caused by sudden level changes at the boundaries; (2) more complicated reconstruction filterbanks than the decomposition filterbank due to a larger number of switching operations. The recently introduced lifting scheme is based on the idea of generating biorthogonal systems using simple and invertible stages. As such the lifting scheme is suitable for block subband coding. However, the lifting scheme continues to exhibit block effects for even-length blocks. This is due to the big prediction errors at right boundaries caused by extrapolation. In this paper we present an improved lifting scheme (ILS) for independent block subband coding. The ILS is free of block effects and the boundary treatments are more efficient. The reconstruction has the same simplicity as the decomposition.
CD98 modulates integrin β1 function in polarized epithelial cells (2005)

The type II transmembrane protein CD98, best known as the heavy chain of the heterodimeric amino acid transporters (HAT), is required for the surface expression and basolateral localization of this transporter complex in polarized epithelial cells. CD98 also interacts with beta1 integrins resulting in an increase in their affinity for ligand. In this study we explored the role of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of CD98 on integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration in polarized renal epithelial cells. We demonstrate that the transmembrane domain of CD98 was sufficient, whereas the five N-terminal amino acids of this domain were required for CD98 interactions with beta1 integrins. Overexpression of either full-length CD98 or CD98 lacking its cytoplasmic tail increased cell adhesion and migration, whereas deletion of the five N-terminal amino acids of the transmembrane domain of CD98 abrogated this effect. CD98 and mutants that interacted with beta1 integrins increased both focal adhesion formation and FAK and AKT phosphorylation. CD98-induced cell adhesion and migration was inhibited by addition of phosphoinositol 3-OH kinase (PI3-K) inhibitors suggesting these cell functions are PI3-K-dependent. Finally, CD98 and mutants that interacted with beta1, induced marked changes in polarized renal epithelial cell branching morphogenesis in collagen gels. Thus, in polarized renal epithelial cells, CD98 might be viewed as a scaffolding protein that interacts with basolaterally expressed amino acid transporters and beta1 integrins and can alter diverse cellular functions such as amino acid transport as well as cell adhesion, migration and branching morphogenesis.
The effect of transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) on gastric electrical activity. (2001)

None of the subjects during TENS reported any side effects or symptoms, during the all studies. In group A in the fasting recordings, after TENS, an decrease of the normal values in the range 2-4 cpm down to 78.5 +/- 21% of recording time (p = 0.03) occurred. The dominant frequency in the bradygastric region increased up to 17.7 +/- 7% of the total recording. In group B TENS decreased bradygastria level from 36.6 +/- 14% to 20.6 +/- 15% (p = 0.02). TENS did not significantly affect tachygastria in group C. Amplitude of the EGG signal after TENS in group B and C increased by 40 and 150% respectively (p < 0.05). Significant decrease of the amplitude was observed in group A (13%). We conclude that TENS by activating centrally mediated somato-visceral reflexes affects gastric electrical activity. Our results suggest that TENS may be useful in treatment of the gastric dysrhythmia.
Surface Chemistry and Catalytic Reactivity of a Nanodiamond in the Steam‐Free Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene (2010)

Hard core: A hybrid catalyst system for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene comprises nanoparticles consisting of nanodiamond cores and highly curved, defective graphene shells (see picture). The system exhibits high catalytic activity and selectivity over a long period of time. In contrast to industrial K-promoted Fe catalysts, steam decoking of the catalyst is not required.
A Parity Scheme to Enhance Reliability for SSDs (2012)

Recent years, the application of solid-state disks (SSDs) increases explosively. All SSDs have to employ error correcting code (ECC) technique to ensure the reliability of flash memory at page level. However, data loss may be caused by bad block or chip failure of flash memory. To solve this problem, the article proposes a flash memory redundant array technique, which is similar to RAID-4. In this scheme, we utilize built-in NVRAM to cache the parity data update for minimal write to flash memory in parity channel.
Selection and scheduling of jobs with time-dependent duration (2007)

In this paper two mathematical programming models, both with multiple objective functions, are proposed to solve four related categories of job scheduling problems. All four of these categories have the property that the duration of the jobs is dependent on the time of implementation and in some cases the preceding job. Furthermore, some jobs (restricted to subsets of the total pool of jobs) can, to different extents, run in parallel. In addition, not all the jobs need necessarily be implemented during the given time period.
An Overview of Cancer Stem Cell (2016)

Stem cells are determined as cells with the capability to perpetuate themselves through self- renewal and to produce mature cells of a special tissue through differentiation. Due to the tremendous clinical and biological significance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), research related to these cells is rapidly evolving. Although a series of hypotheses have been proposed about the origin of CSCs, their origin is yet to be discovered. CSCs play a critical role in cancer creation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. The existence of CSCs is deeply applied in cancer therapy, since they have a collection of markers for detection and determination. This article reviews the characteristics of CSCs in terms of their origin, their application in CSCs and cancer therapy, and their isolation techniques.