gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MR imaging-based port placement planning for totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (2004)

An easy applicable method for pre-operative port position planning for totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) grafting based on magnetic resonance (MR) coronary angiography and image post-processing is introduced and analyzed. For this, combined left main (LM) and left anterior descending (LAD) coronary arteries of 21 subjects (14 patients, 7 healthy volunteers with similar habitus) were investigated in MR by means of transversally orientated, three-dimensional (3D), fat-saturated, breath-hold true fast imaging with steady state precession sequences with real-time navigator-based slice following. For the healthy volunteers, the vertical dimension of the total 3D slab was enlarged to enable TECAB planning. Optimal endoscopic port positions were determined via image analysis and geometric methods. 13.8+/-2.1 cm mean continuously visible length of combined LM and LAD coronary arteries (no statistical difference between patients and healthy volunteers) allowed visualizing typical regions for suturing of the anastomosis in all 21 cases. The mean horizontal distance of the optimal endoscopic port position from the center of the sternum was 7.0+/-1.3 cm. In conclusion, MR imaging-based port position planning is feasible. Variability in the determined port positions indicates the necessity of adaptation of port positioning even for subjects with similar habitus.
Spin-lattice relaxation of individual solid-state spins (2018)

Understanding the effect of vibrations on the relaxation process of individual spins is crucial for implementing nanosystems for quantum information and quantum metrology applications. In this work, we present a theoretical microscopic model to describe the spin-lattice relaxation of individual electronic spins associated to negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, although our results can be extended to other spin-boson systems. Starting from a general spin-lattice interaction Hamiltonian, we provide a detailed description and solution of the quantum master equation of an electronic spin-one system coupled to a phononic bath in thermal equilibrium. Special attention is given to the dynamics of one-phonon processes below 1 K where our results agree with recent experimental findings and analytically describe the temperature and magnetic-field scaling. At higher temperatures, linear and second-order terms in the interaction Hamiltonian are considered and the temperature scaling is discussed for acoustic and quasilocalized phonons when appropriate. Our results, in addition to confirming a ${T}^{5}$ temperature dependence of the longitudinal relaxation rate at higher temperatures, in agreement with experimental observations, provide a theoretical background for modeling the spin-lattice relaxation at a wide range of temperatures where different temperature scalings might be expected.
Critical current and texture relationships in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ thin films (1988)

Preferred orientation and the microstructure of polycrystalline YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ films, both of which strongly depend on the substrate used, have been shown to be important factors in determining the critical current density. A film grown on cubic ZrO/sub 2/ has a random polycrystalline structure with a J/sub c/ of 2.4 x 10/sup 4/A/cm/sup 2/ at 5K. In contrast, a film with a (001) texture (grown on BaF/sub 2/) has significantly higher J/sub c/ of 7.47 x 10/sup 4/A/cm/sup 2/. The characteristic differences in the temperature dependence of J/sub c/ in these two types of films are discussed.
Formation of Homopiperazine Rings by the Lithium Aluminum Hydride Catalyzed Rearrangement of Some Piperidone Oximes in the Phenothiazine Series (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of Homopiperazine Rings by the Lithium Aluminum Hydride Catalyzed Rearrangement of Some Piperidone Oximes in the Phenothiazine SeriesM. Harfenist and E. MagnienCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 22, 6080–6083Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01555a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01555a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views104Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Test case comparison and clustering using program profiles and static execution (2009)

Selection of diverse test cases and elimination of duplicates are two major problems in product testing life cycle, especially in sustained engineering environment. In order to solve these, we introduce a framework of test case comparison metrics which will quantitatively describe the distance between any arbitrary test case pair of an existing test suite, allowing various test case analysis applications. We combine program profiles from test execution, static analysis and statistical techniques to capture various aspects of test execution and compute a specialized test case distance measurement. Using these distance metrics, we drive a customized hierarchical test suite clustering algorithm that groups similar test cases together. We present an industrial strength framework called SPIRiT that works at binary level, implementing different metrics in the form of coverage, control, data, def-use, temporal variances and does test case clustering. This is step towards integrating runtime analysis, static analysis, statistical techniques and machine learning to drive new generation of test suite analysis algorithms.
<i>Centella asiatica</i>(L.) Urban: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine with Neuroprotective Potential (2012)

This paper covers the studies relevant to neuroprotective activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, also known as "Gotu Kola." The plant is native to the Southeast Asia and has been used traditionally as brain tonic in ayurvedic medicine. The neuroprotective effect of C. asiatica has been searched using the key words "Centella, Centella asiatica, gotu kola, Asiatic pennywort, neuroprotection, and memory" through the electronic databases including Sciencedirect, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. According to the literature survey, C. asiatica (gotu kola) has been reported to have a comprehensive neuroprotection by different modes of action such as enzyme inhibition, prevention of amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease, dopamine neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease, and decreasing oxidative stress. Therefore, C. asiatica could be suggested to be a desired phytopharmaceutical with neuroprotective effect emerged from traditional medicine.
47 GHz VCO with low phase noise fabricated in a SiGe bipolar production technology (2002)

A low-phase-noise and low-cost millimeter-wave voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been fully integrated in commercial SiGe bipolar technologies. By varying the bias voltage of the on-chip varactor, the frequency can be continuously tuned from 43.6 to 47.3 GHz. In this frequency range, single-sideband phase noise between -103 and -108.5 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency was measured. The output voltage swing of the differential circuit is about 0.85 V/sub p-p/ for the single-ended and 1.7 V/sub p-p/ for the differential output.
Extracting medical information from narrative patient records: the case of medication-related information (2010)

This study demonstrates that a simple rule-based system can achieve good performance on the medication extraction task. We also showed that controlled modifications (lexicon filtering and rule refinement) were the improvements that best raised the performance.
Ontogeny of Reproductive Abnormalities Induced by Deregulation of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Expression in Transgenic Mice (1995)

Anti-müllerian hormone, normally responsible for the regression of müllerian ducts in male fetuses, induces stunting, germ cell loss, and seminiferous tubule formation in ovaries of bovine freemartin fetuses and of transgenic mice, which express the human anti müllerian hormone gene under the control of the metallothionein promoter. Because the latter have been studied only after birth, we undertook a detailed chronological study of their reproductive organs. Müllerian ducts of transgenic female fetuses regressed at the same time as those of normal or transgenic males. Maximal reduction of germ cell number occurred between 16 days postcoitus and birth, when most transgenic oocytes were still in the leptotene stage of the meiotic prophase, whereas normal oocytes had already reached the pachytene phase. Interference with progression of the meiotic prophase and germ cell loss in the fetal ovary are probably responsible for subsequent ovarian regression and retardation of follicle growth. Seminiferous tubule formation was not detectable prior to birth and occurred only rarely in postnatal ovaries. Aromatase activity of fetal transgenic ovaries was decreased, as well as serum concentration of testosterone in adult transgenic males, suggesting that high levels of anti-müllerian hormone may impair Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
Multipath-Optimal UAV Trajectory Planning for Urban UAV Navigation with Cellular Signals (2019)

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) trajectory planning in urban environments is considered. Equipped with a three- dimensional (3-D) environment map, the UAV navigates by fusing global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals with ambient cellular signals of opportunity. A trajectory planning approach is developed to allow the UAV to reach a target location, while constraining its position uncertainty and multipath- induced biases in cellular pseudo-ranges to be below a desired threshold. Experimental results are presented demonstrating that following the proposed trajectory yields a reduction of 30.69% and 58.86% in the position root-mean squared error and the maximum position error, respectively, compared to following the shortest trajectory between the start and target locations.
Five‐dimensional flow cytometry as a new approach for blood and bone marrow differentials (1988)

We have used five independent variables on a flow cytometer to discriminate and to quantify the cellular components within both blood and bone marrow aspirates. The signals were stored in list mode by which a five-dimensional space was created. The cells--differentiated into: 1) erythrocytes, 2) reticulocytes, 3) nucleated erythroid cells, 4) platelets, 5) lymphocytes, 6) monocytes, 7) neutrophils, 8) eosinophils, and 9) immature leukocytes--had to meet unique criteria with regard to their characteristics in the created five-dimensional space in order to be classified in a specific cell category. Forward and orthogonal light-scattering signals were matched with three fluorescence variables to obtain discrimination without necessitating erythrocyte lysis. Thiazole orange (binding predominantly to RNA) and LDS-751 (principally detecting DNA) were used to differentiate erythrocytes, platelets, reticulocytes, and nucleated cells. A monoclonal antibody, CD45, conjugated with phycoerythrin, was used to aid in discriminating between lineages of nucleated cells.
Early decision decoding methods for low-density parity-check codes (2005)

Abstract — Low-density parity-check codes have recently received extensive attention as a forward error correction scheme in a wide area of applications. The decoding algorithm is inherently parallelizable, allowing communication at high speeds. One of the main disadvantages, however, is large memory requirements for interim storing of decoding data. In this paper, we investigate a modification to the decoding algorithm, using early decisions for bits with high reliabilities. Currently, there are two early decision schemes proposed. We compare their theoretical performances and their suitability for hardware implementation. We also propose a new decision method, which we call weak decisions, that offers an increase in performance by a factor of two. 1
Analysis of aeroplane boarding via spacetime geometry and random matrix theory (2006)

We show that airplane boarding can be asymptotically modeled by 2-dimensional Lorentzian geometry. Boarding time is given by the maximal proper time among curves in the model. Discrepancies between the model and simulation results are closely related to random matrix theory. We then show how such models can be used to explain why some commonly practiced airline boarding policies are ineffective and even detrimental.
Real-Time Demonstration of Dynamic MPRS Channel Bonding for the Next Generation Multi-Channel 50G-EPON System (2018)

We successfully demonstrate the multi-channel 50G-EPON system using dynamic MPRS channel bonding and coordinated DBA in real-time. We also verify the packet throughput of 40-Gb/s and 16-Gb/s in down/upstream direction without packet drop through envelope frame transmission.
E-DAID: An Efficient Distributed Architecture for In-Line Data De-duplication (2012)

As data have been growing rapidly in data centers, data de-duplication, a form of compression, has become an important need of most commercial and research backup systems. Currently, data de-duplication storage systems continuously facing challenges in providing the required throughputs and capacities necessary to move backup data within backup and recovery window times. In this paper, we are presenting a distributed architecture for in-line data de-duplication with one node designated as server and multiple storage nodes. In proposed architecture, we used an Intelligent Storage Balancing Strategy to distribute the data among the storage nodes to improve the de-duplication efficiency. All the nodes, including the server can do block level de-duplication in parallel. Proposed architecture can de-duplicate with high throughput, support de-duplication ratio comparable to that of a single system. And in the last section of this paper, we are introducing a technique called Sampled Hashing for improving the scalability of the architecture.
Synthesis & anthelmintic activity of 5(6)-[2-arylthiazol-4-yl] benzimidazole-2-carbamates. (1988)

A series of new 5(6)-[2-arylthiazol-4-yl] benzimidazole-2-carbamates (21-26 & 27-32) have been synthesized and screened for their anthelmintic activity.
Defining Phenotypic Causes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Identification of Novel Therapeutic Targets (2013)

This study confirms that OSA is a heterogeneous disorder. Although Pcrit-anatomy is an important determinant, abnormalities in nonanatomic traits are also present in most patients with OSA.
<title>Integrated traffic engineering in IP over optical (IPO) networks: fundamental concepts</title> (2002)

Traffic engineering has become a central topic in contemporary public IP networks, driven by economic considerations and the competitive aspiration on the part of network service providers to reduce operational expenditures, improve service quality, and increase revenue. Internet traffic engineering deals with the performance optimization of operational IP networks, encompassing the application of technology and scientific principles to network planning, dimensioning, and dynamic control. The key concepts developed in this paper center around the notion of "integrated traffic engineering," which embraces a broader and more holistic view of operational network performance enhancement when compared with conventional traffic engineering, especially in IP over Optical (IPO) networks. Integrated traffic engineering refers to a new philosophy of collaborative decision making geared towards operational network performance optimization that involves simultaneous consideration of various control and management capabilities at different levels in the network hierarchy. Integrated traffic engineering is intended to increase network capacity, performance, efficiency, and survivability while reducing costs. This paper discusses the fundamental concepts of integrated traffic engineering in IPO networks.
Report: Lightwave Data Links and Interfaces (1987)

In the rapidly expanding market for office communications, computer interconnection, local area networks, and factory automation, fiber-optic point-to-point data links offer a cost-effective and functionally superior alternative to copper interconnection. AT&T has developed a line of miniature, low-cost, yet highly functional and reliable optical data links to address this need.
High concentration photovoltaics - state-of-the-art and novel concepts (2003)

The paper presents a discussion of the state-of-the-art, novel concepts and the perspectives of high concentration photovoltaic HCPV technology. Commercially available HCPV generator designs are based on moving up to hundreds of square meters of mirrors or Fresnel lens modules in two-axis tracking units deliverings tens of kW of peak power. These units usually have a mass of up to several tons because of mechanical stability and wind load reasons and therefore have to be considered not suitable for the particularly rapidly expanding roof-mounted grid-connected market. In the present work a novel concept is presented which is based on tracking on the cell rather than the module level. This building integration HCPV design concept involves moving the concentration optics inside a stationary glass housing that will protect the micro-trackers from wind strains.
Line‐scanned micro Raman spectroscopy using a cooled CCD imaging detector (1990)

Abstract The design of a line‐scanned micro Raman spectrometer is described which uses a cooled, slow‐scan, chargecoupled device imaging detector to obtain sequences of Raman spectra from a ca. 100‐μm long line on a sample. The prototype design has a spatial resolution of <10 μm and a spectral resolution of 4 cm −1 . Applications of the instrument to the analysis of mixed TiO 2 powders and the components of a zircon mineral are reported.
Liposome-induced pulmonary hypertension: properties and mechanism of a complement-mediated pseudoallergic reaction (2000)

Intravenous injection of liposomes can cause significant pulmonary hypertension in pigs, a vasoconstrictive response that provides a sensitive model for the cardiopulmonary distress in humans caused by some liposomal drugs. The reaction was recently shown to be a manifestation of "complement activation-related pseudoallergy" (CARPA; Szebeni J, Fontana JL, Wassef NM, Mongan PD, Morse DS, Dobbins DE, Stahl GL, Bünger R, and Alving CR. Circulation 99: 2302-2309, 1999). In the present study we demonstrate that the composition, size, and administration method of liposomes have significant influence on pulmonary vasoactivity, which varied between instantaneously lethal (following bolus injection of 5 mg lipid) to nondetectable (despite infusion of a 2,000-fold higher dose). Experimental conditions augmenting the pulmonary hypertensive response included the presence of dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, 71 mol% cholesterol, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine, and hemoglobin in liposomes, increased vesicle size and polydispersity, and bolus injection vs. slow infusion. The vasoactivity of large multilamellar liposomes was reproduced with human C3a, C5a, and xenoreactive immunoglobulins, and it correlated with the complement activating and natural antibody binding potential of vesicles. Unilamellar, monodisperse liposomes with 0.19 +/- 0.10 microm mean diameter had no significant vasoactivity. These data indicate that liposome-induced pulmonary hypertension in pigs is multifactorial, it is due to natural antibody-triggered classic pathway complement activation and it can be prevented by appropriate tailoring of the structure and administration method of vesicles.
Evaluation of intestinal parasite morphology in polyvinyl alcohol preservative: comparison of copper sulfate and mercuric chloride bases for use in Schaudinn fixative (1983)

As a result of disposal problems inherent in the use of mercury compounds, many laboratories have considered using copper sulfate as a substitute for mercuric chloride in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) preservative. The primary use for PVA-preserved specimens is the permanent stained smear, the most important technique for the identification of intestinal protozoa. A comparison of organism recovery and morphology was undertaken with PVA containing either copper sulfate or mercuric chloride base. Paired fecal specimens (417 pairs) were collected and examined with the Formalin-ether concentration and Trichrome stain techniques. Numbers of organisms recovered and helminth egg and protozoan morphology were assessed from the concentration sediment. Morphology, clarity of nuclear and cytoplasmic detail, overall color differences, and the ease or difficulty in detecting organisms in fecal debris were assessed from the permanent stained smear. No significant differences were found in the numbers and morphology of organisms seen in the concentration sediment. However, when the trichrome stain was used, the overall morphology of the intestinal protozoa preserved in PVA with copper sulfate was not equal to that seen with PVA with mercuric chloride. We do not recommend switching from mercuric chloride base to copper sulfate base unless that is the only option available for the preparation of permanent stained smears.
3D CSEM inversion in a frontier basin offshore West Greenland (2009)

Abstract Andrea Lovatini, Ken Umbach and Steve Patmore describe a promising application of the controlled source electromagnetic method which may have implications for future Arctic exploration.
Knowledge representation and compilation for symptom-disease-test relationships (1989)

A method that represents and compiles expert knowledge for choosing diagnostic tests is presented. Usually, physicians inquire into the patient's complaints, examine him/her physically, and on the assumption of a specific disease or impaired organ system, choose a certain group of laboratory tests designed to examine this assumption. After checking the test results, they may perform another set of tests for further differential diagnosis. This step is repeated until they obtain the final diagnosis. In the proposed method, this knowledge is categorized into three relations. The relation SD is defined on domains symptom/sign and disease, the relation DT is on disease and diagnostic test, and the relation DD is on disease and disease where the first attribute (column) in each relation, respectively, is a primary key, that is, there exists precisely one value, and the second is a set of values. We show that redundant tuples can be reduced or decomposed by checking whether or not there exist tuples whose set of diagnostic tests are equivalent to that of other tuples or are a subset of others. Finally, we can obtain a preferable set of diagnostic tests for given symptoms/signs by using the join of SD and DT, and for further diagnosis, the join of DD and DT is applicable.