gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observación microscópica del efecto de control de un extracto de quillay sobre oidio de las cucurbitaceas. (2004)

Experimentos previos de control de oidio de las cucurbitaceas [Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. ex Merat y Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht ex Fr.) Poll] con los extractos de quillay (Quillaja saponaria Mol.) QL 1000 y QL 30B, que contienen saponinas, dieron resultados satisfactorios en pepino de ensalada y zapallo. En hojas enfermas tratadas con los extractos se observaba un cambio de coloracion del oidio, de blanco a cafe. Bajo lupa se veia desorganizacion de micelio en relacion al testigo. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar y observar el efecto del extracto QL 1000 sobre el micelio y conidias del hongo bajo microscopio de luz. Plantas de zapallo con oidio fueron tratadas con tres dosis del producto. Se tomaron hojas tratadas y del testigo y se les sometio a un raspado de laminas y observacion microscopica. Se observo cortes de tejido. Los resultados de los experimentos, tanto por la tecnica de raspado de laminas como por cortes de tejidos, permitieron observar cadenas completas de conidioforo y conidias normales de oidio en hojas del testigo; cadenas parcialmente afectadas y mas cortas en la dosis de 50 ppm de saponinas; cadenas totalmente desorganizadas y conidias en lisis en la dosis de 100 ppm; y cadenas cortas parcialmente desorganizadas con la dosis de 200 ppm de saponinas. Estos resultados permitieron comprobar el control de oidio con QL-l000 de quillay.
A study of the early ultrastructural changes secondary to experimental compression of the tibal nerve in rabbits. (1976)

The early ultrastructural changes which arise in nerve fibres following axonotmesis are described. The study was conducted experimentally by means of silk ligature of the tibial nerve in rabbits. The findings on electron microscopy of samples of nerve taken at two and twenty four hours respectively after operation are reported.
Performance Enhancement via Laser Anneal-Based RS/D Reduction in PD/SOICMOS (2006)

Extrinsic source/drain series resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</sub> D/) becomes a limiting factor as performance boosters, such as strain-Si and metal-gate/high-k gate stack that enhance the intrinsic MOSFET, are vigorously pursued and implemented in nanoscale CMOS (Ghani, et al., 2003). Non-melt laser spike anneal (LSA) (Feng et al., 2004) has been suggested (Shima, et al., 2004), (Fung et al., 2004) as a means to reduce R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</sub> D/. In this paper, we present, for the first time, application of LSA to 35nm gate length, high-performance PD/SOI CMOS with dual etch stop layer (dESL) stressors and NiSi (Grudowski et al., 2006), showing 10% (4%) nFET (pFET) on-state current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ) enhancement and non-self-heated I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> =1520/1160muA/mum (880/630muA/mum) at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> =1.2V/1.0V
Nonsymmetrical bifurcations in arterial branching. (1978)

The results of optimality studies of the branching angles of arterial bifurcations are extended to nonsymmetrical bifurcations. Predicted nonsymmetrical bifurcations are found to be not unlike those observed in the cardiovascular system.
Evolution of amide bond formation (2010)

The presence of carboxamide groups is found in a large array of biologically important compounds. Peptides and proteins play an important role in modern biology. A key step in peptide production is the formation of the peptide bond, which involves amide bond formation. Chemical synthesis of large peptides by intermolecular coupling of smaller peptides using conventional peptide bond-forming techniques did not realize its potential advantages until recently. Using an approach based on highly specific and efficient chemical ligation of two peptide segments, the two subunits were ligated to form a new peptide bond. Native chemical ligation extended the concept by creating a native peptide bond and providing new approaches to protein engineering.
Isolation and characterization of strains of bifidobacteria with probiotic proprieties in vitro. (2007)

In this study, twenty six (26) strains of bifidobacteria isolated from different origin were identified and characterized. The identification of isolates was based on phenotypic proprieties, the carbohydrates fermentation profiles and the Fructose-6-phosphoketolase test. Results showed that B. thermophilum was the predominant species (53.8%). The other strains were identified as B. bifidum (19.2%), B. longum (15.3%) and B. infantis (11.5%). Identified strains were then screened for their inhibitory effects against pathogenic bacteria by the agar diffusion method. 11 strains of bifidobacteria isolated produced antimicrobial compounds that were active against pathogenic bacteria especially Listeria monocytogenes strains. The inhibitory effects remain stable after a heat-treatment at 100°C for 5 min, but decreased after an enzymatic treatment with pronase-E and proteinase-K. Some antimicrobial producing strains tolerated hydrogen peroxide (100-200 µg ml ), oxbile salts 1 (0.3%) and the lysozyme (0.5 mg ml ) and could tolerate low pH values and survive to acidity shock (pH = 2). 1
Skin Vaccination against Rotavirus Using Microneedles: Proof of Concept in Gnotobiotic Piglets (2016)

Live-attenuated oral rotavirus (RV) vaccines have lower efficacy in low income countries, and additionally are associated with a rare but severe adverse event, intussusception. We have been pursuing the development of an inactivated rotavirus vaccine (IRV) using the human rotavirus strain CDC-9 (G1P[8]) through parenteral immunization and previously demonstrated dose sparing and enhanced immunogenicity of intradermal (ID) unadjuvanted IRV using a coated microneedle patch in comparison with intramuscular (IM) administration in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune response and protection against RV infection and diarrhea conferred by the administration of the ID unadjuvanted IRV using the microneedle device MicronJet600® in neonatal gnotobiotic (Gn) piglets challenged with virulent Wa G1P[8] human RV. Three doses of 5 μg IRV when administered intradermally and 5 μg IRV formulated with aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3] when administered intramuscularly induced comparable rotavirus-specific antibody titers of IgA, IgG, IgG avidity index and neutralizing activity in sera of neonatal piglets. Both IRV vaccination regimens protected against RV antigen shedding in stools, and reduced the cumulative diarrhea scores in the piglets. This study demonstrated that the ID and IM administrations of IRV are immunogenic and protective against RV-induced diarrhea in neonatal piglets. Our findings highlight the potential value of an adjuvant sparing effect of the IRV ID delivery route.
Towards an implementable dependency grammar (1998)

The aim of this paper is to define a dependency grammar framework which is both linguistically motivated and computationally parsable. See the demo at http://www.conexor.fi/analysers.html#testing
Enamel protein biosynthesis and secretion in mouse incisor secretory ameloblasts as revealed by high-resolution immunocytochemistry. (1985)

Mouse secretory ameloblasts express a number of enamel proteins, which have been divided into amelogenin and enamelin subfamilies. We have used polyclonal antibodies to murine amelogenins to reveal enamel proteins in mouse ameloblasts using the protein A-gold immunocytochemical technique. Specific immunolabeling was detected over the extracellular enamel matrix and over the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the saccules of the Golgi apparatus, and the secretory granules of the ameloblasts. In addition, some lysosome-like granules were also labeled. Only background labeling was obtained over mitochondria, nuclei, cytosol, adjacent odontoblasts, and dentin. Quantitation of the intensity of labeling showed the presence of an increasing gradient along the secretory pathway, which may correspond to the concentration or the maturation of these proteins as they are processed by the cell. These findings indicate that the ameloblast displays an intracellular distribution of its secretory products similar to that of other merocrine secreting cells. The presence of enamel proteins in lysosomes suggests that crinophagy and/or resorption occurs in these cells.
Chemical, Structural, and Quantitative Analysis of the Ligand Shells of Colloidal Quantum Dots (2012)

This review outlines the set of technical approaches to answering three major questions about the surface chemistry of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs): (i) What is the chemical structure of the ligands on the surface of the QD? (ii) How many of each type of ligand are on the surface of the QD? (iii) What is the intermolecular structure (geometry) of the ligands on the surface of the QD? Each section addresses the accessability of the relevant techniques—which include 1D and 2D NMR, vibrational and electronic absorption and transient absorption spectroscopies, and various elemental analyses—and their sensitivity and applicability to the specified observable of interest.
Actual Structure, Thermodynamic Driving Force, and Mechanism of Benzofuranone-Typical Compounds as Antioxidants in Solution (2011)

5,7-Ditert-butyl-3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)benzofuran-2(3H)-one (HP-136) (1H) and its 30 analogues (2H-5H) as benzofuranone-typical antioxidants were synthesized. The structures of the benzofuranones in solid and solution were examined by using experimental and theoretical methods. The results show that the dominant structure is the lactone form rather than the enol form both in solid and solution. The thermodynamic driving forces of the 31 benzofuranone-typical compounds to release protons [ΔG(PD)(XH)], hydrogen atoms [ΔG(HD)(XH)], and electrons [E(ox)(XH)] and the thermodynamic driving forces of the anions (X(-)) of the benzofuranones to release electrons [E(ox)(X(-))] were determined for the first time in DMSO. The ΔG(HD)(XH) scale of these compounds in DMSO ranges from 65.2 to 74.1 (kcal/mol) for 1H-4H and from 73.8 to 75.0 (kcal/mol) for 5H, respectively, which are all smaller than that of the most widely used commercial antioxidant BHT (2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 81.6 kcal/mol), suggesting that the 31 XH could be used as good hydrogen-atom-donating antioxidants. The ΔG(PD)(XH) were observed to range from 11.5 to 16.0 (kcal/mol) for 1H-4H and from 18.6 to 22.4 (kcal/mol) for 5H, indicating that benzofuranones (1H-4H) are good proton donors, and their analogues (5H) should belong to middle-strong proton donors. E(ox)(XH) of the 31 XH to release an electron vary from 1.346 to 1.962 (V versus Fc(+/0)), implying that the 31 XH are weak electron donors, whereas the quite negative E(ox)(X(-)) show that X(-) are good electron donors. The Gibbs free-energy changes of the radical cations (XH(+•)) to release protons [ΔG(PD)(XH(+•))] were evaluated according to the corresponding thermodynamic cycle, and the results reveal that XH(+•) are good proton donors. Further inspection of our experimental results showed the ΔG(HD)(XH), ΔG(PD)(XH), ΔG(PD)(XH(+•)), E(ox)(XH), and E(ox)(X(-)) of the five chemical and electrochemical processes are all linearly dependent on the sum of Hammett substituent parameters σ with very good correlation coefficients, indicating that for any one- or multisubstituted species at the para- and/or meta-position of benzofuranones and their various reaction intermediates, the five thermodynamic driving force parameters all can be easily and safely estimated from the corresponding Hammett substituent parameters. The rates of hydrogen atom transfer from XH to DPPH(•) were determined by using the UV-vis absorption spectroscopy technique. Combining these important thermodynamic parameters and dynamic determination results, the mechanism of hydrogen transfer from HP-136 and its analogues to DPPH(•) was studied. The results suggest that the hydrogen transfer from HP-136 and its analogues 2H to DPPH(•) actually includes two steps, proton transfer and the following electron transfer, but the proton transfer is rate-determined.
First Total Synthesis and Structural Reassignment of (−)-Aplysiallene (2007)

The first total synthesis of (-)-aplysiallene has been completed in 16 steps and features a key sequential Mukaiyama aerobic oxidative cyclization to prepare the fused bis-THF core. The original stereochemical assignment has been revised as shown.
Structure and function of the C-terminal PABC domain of human poly(A)-binding protein (2001)

We have determined the solution structure of the C-terminal quarter of human poly(A)-binding protein (hPABP). The protein fragment contains a protein domain, PABC [for poly(A)-binding protein C-terminal domain], which is also found associated with the HECT family of ubiquitin ligases. By using peptides derived from PABP interacting protein (Paip) 1, Paip2, and eRF3, we show that PABC functions as a peptide binding domain. We use chemical shift perturbation analysis to identify the peptide binding site in PABC and the major elements involved in peptide recognition. From comparative sequence analysis of PABC-binding peptides, we formulate a preliminary PABC consensus sequence and identify human ataxin-2, the protein responsible for type 2 spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA2), as a potential PABC ligand.
Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and fibromyalgia symptoms (2005)

We report the case of a 29-year old female nurse with a five-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involving multiple systems and on chronic prednisone therapy. This patient has a coexisting diagnosis of fibromyalgia fulfilling ACR criteria. A recent deterioration in her level of functioning in addition to a flare of her inflammatory disease led to further evaluation. During the course of investigation an anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody was found to be present and significantly elevated. A therapeutic trial of baclofen did result in improvement of her subjective myalgias. We raise the possibility of an autoimmune contribution to myalgic symptoms in a portion of SLE patients.
Have Insulin, Will Fly: Diabetes Management During Air Travel and Time Zone Adjustment Strategies (2003)

The world definitely has become a smaller place. Traveling across multiple time zones within the span of a few hours or days is now commonplace.

Overseas travel poses special problems for people with diabetes, especially those on insulin. However, the fear of dealing with medications and acute complications should not prevent people with diabetes from traveling, whether for work or recreation. Advanced planning can help to prevent or minimize emergencies that may occur away from home.

One problem insulin-treated people with diabetes face when flying across time zones is confusion about how to adjust their insulin times and dosage amounts to avoid being “out of sync” with local time on arrival. Very little information is available regarding time zone insulin adjustment strategies. A British study in 1993 clearly demonstrated that most physicians, including diabetologists, are uncertain about how to adjust insulin doses for patients who travel across several time zones.

This article provides some recommendations on managing diabetes during air travel. It is important to remember, however, that these are general guidelines and that management should be individualized for each patient.

Ideally, patients who are planning overseas travel should schedule an office visit with their health care provider at least 4–6 weeks before departure. This gives providers an opportunity to assess their patients’ current level of diabetes control, to give specific advice regarding diabetes management and prevention of acute complications, to offer information on preventing and managing common travel-related problems, and to determine the need for any immunizations. Any changes in medication regimen should be made well in advance of departure so that there is enough time to incorporate them into daily routines.

It is important for patients to obtain a travel itinerary showing departure and arrival times, durations of flights, and time differences between the points of embarkation and …
Syntheses of Dap-3 Polymyxin Analogues via a Tris-Boc-Protected Polymyxin B Heptapeptide (2015)

A semi-synthesis of a polymyxin (PMB) analogue is described. Commercially available PMB is treated with di-<i>tert</i>-butyl dicarbonate (Boc<sub>2</sub>O) to give globally protected PMB-Boc<sub>5</sub>, and the reaction mixture is directly carried to the highly regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis to give the cyclic heptapeptide PMBH-Boc<sub>3</sub>. After chromatographic isolation, the synthesis is completed by coupling with the tripeptide side chain, deprotection, and salt switch.
Nitration of Indoles. IV. The Nitration of 2-Phenylindole<sup>1</sup> (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitration of Indoles. IV. The Nitration of 2-Phenylindole1Wayland E. Noland, Kent R. Rush, and Lowell R. SmithCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 1, 65–69Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01339a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01339a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views501Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Drosophila microarray platforms (2003)

The advent of high throughput microarrays and the complete sequencing of the Drosophila melanogaster genome have enabled global gene expression analysis in this powerful genetic model organism. Currently, researchers are using three main Drosophila array platform types, with elements composed of cDNA amplicons, oligonucleotides (short and long) or genomic amplicons. This paper provides a broad overview of these platforms.
A survey on context-aware workflow adaptations (2008)

Recently, workflow has been employed in pervasive computing systems to orchestrate and provide services to the users. Since pervasive computing systems emphasise context-awareness and adaptability, these two features must be included in the workflow mechanism in order to utilise workflow in pervasive environment. In this paper we present various existing approaches to adaptation in context-aware workflow. These approaches are compared based on the common adaptation characteristics identified from our study. Lastly, we discuss and point out the future challenges of predictive adaptation for context-aware workflows.
Control of VSC transmission systems under unbalanced network conditions (2004)

This paper presents a new control design for VSC transmission systems with special attention to unbalanced ac network conditions. The proposed control strategy contains a main controller and an auxiliary controller. The main controller is implemented in the positive dq frame using decoupling control without involving positive/negative sequence decomposition. The auxiliary controller is implemented in the negative sequence dq frame using cross coupling control of negative sequence current. Simulation results using SIMULINK power system blockset (PSB) show good performance of the proposed control strategy for a 300 MW, 300 kV dc VSC Transmission system during both balanced conditions and unbalanced conditions which may be caused by solid single-phase to ground fault.
Image selection based on low level properties for lifelog moment retrieval (2020)

The increasing number of mobile and wearable devices is dramatically changing the way we collect data about person’s life. These devices allow recording our daily activities and behavior in several forms, e.g., text, images, bio-signals, or video. However, many times, the collected data includes low quality or irrelevant contents, feeding lifelogging applications with huge amounts of data, and creating computational challenges for patterns’ identification. In this paper, we propose a fast image analysis approach to automatically select relevant images from lifelog data. Using images intrinsic information, such as scenes and objects, we have manually curated two datasets, one with relevant content and another with non-relevant information. Then, we applied supervised learning algorithms based on low-level image features, namely blur and focus, to find the binary model that best discriminates between the two classes. The binary models were then compared based on learning curves and f1-scores, achieving a 95.4% of f1-score for the best one. By reducing the amount of images in the lifelog data, we were able to save computational time without losing images with relevant content.
A Low-Power RF Front-End Architecture for an L1/L2CS GPS Receiver (2005)

With the apparition of several new civilian signals in the years to come, there will soon be great demand for multifrequency receivers. As soon as two signals will be available, users will be able to correct the ionospheric error, the main source of error since the SA has been disabled. Multifrequency receivers will also be able to switch between the current L1 C/A code and the new modernized signals to make best use of their individual characteristics. As expected, the improvements in performance will be accompanied by an increase in complexity, more noticeably at the RF front-end. In this paper, we discuss the different solutions to realize an RF front-end for a dual-frequency GPS receiver and propose an innovative solution which has a power consumption comparable with that of a single-frequency front-end.
Understanding the Biology of Aging: The Key To Prevention and Therapy (1995)

There is a growing awareness that age-related deterioration will affect an ever growing number of people, in both absolute and relative terms. It can be expected that this will further increase the resources that will be made available for research on aging. Although ultimately unavoidable, aging is a process that appears to be experimentally accessible. Therefore, the mechanisms of senescence and death may eventually be more completely understood, with the promise of preventing and/or delaying many of the adverse effects associated with aging, including most of the common diseases, and possibly also of extending lifespan.