gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Synthesis of Thermally Stable PCP-Type Rhodium Carbenes (2000)

Dinitrogen rhodium(I) complexes with bis-chelating diphosphine ligands are shown to be robust precursors toward Rh carbene complexes. While the Rh aryl N2 complex 1 reacts with phenyldiazomethane, giving the phenylcarbene complex 2, the Rh alkyl N2 precursor 3 reacts with 2 equiv of phenyldiazomethane to yield the Rh vinyl carbene complex 5. The more stable diphenyldiazomethane does not form carbene complexes under similar conditions, giving instead the stable diazomethane complex 10.
Lambdoidal Layup of Aragonite Sheets in Conch Shell (2007)

The SEM observation on a conch’s shell shows that the shell is a kind of laminated bioceramic composite composed of aragonite layers and organic matrix. Each aragonite layer is parallel with the surface of the shell and consists of many thin aragonite sheets. These aragonite sheets are perpendicular to the layer where they are located. The observation also shows that the orientations of the sheets in different layers are different and these aragonite sheets compose various layups. A kind of lambdoidal layup is found. The maximum pullout force of the lambdoidal layup is analyzed based on its representative model. The result shows that the lambdoidal layup can markedly increase the pullout force of the layup and improve the fracture toughness of the shell.
Synergy between cilofungin and amphotericin B in a murine model of candidiasis (1991)

The efficacies of cilofungin and amphotericin B separately and together in mice with disseminated candidiasis were studied. Male CD-1 mice (age, 5 weeks) were infected intravenously with 3 X 10(5) CFU of Candida albicans. At 4 days postinfection, intraperitoneal therapy was initiated and was continued for 14 days. Therapy groups included those given cilofungin at 6.25 or 62.5 mg/kg/day (given twice daily), amphotericin B at 0.625 mg/kg/day (given once daily), cilofungin at 6.25 mg/kg/day plus amphotericin B, and cilofungin at 62.5 mg/kg/day plus amphotericin B. Mice were observed through 30 days postinfection. All infected untreated mice died of infection between days 6 and 18. Eighty-five percent of mice receiving cilofungin at 6.25 mg/kg/day died between days 13 and 30. All other mice survived. Quantitative determination of the number of CFU of C. albicans in the spleens and kidneys of all survivors revealed that mice that had received both drugs had lower residual burdens of C. albicans. All mice treated with cilofungin at 62.5 mg/kg/day plus amphotericin B had sterile spleens, whereas 42 to 58% of mice given cilofungin or amphotericin B monotherapy had sterile spleens. All kidneys were infected in mice which had received cilofungin at 62.5 mg/kg/day or amphotericin B. Neither organ was infected in 17% of each group receiving combination therapy with cilofungin and amphotericin B. The number of CFU in the kidneys of mice treated with cilofungin at 62.5 mg/kg/day plus amphotericin B was lower than those cultured from mice treated with cilofungin at 62.5 mg/kg/day (P less than 0.001, Mann-Whitney) or amhotericin B (P less than 0.05). Modest synergy was noted in inhibition of the C. albicans isolate in vitro. Pharmacokinetic studies showed elevated levels of cilofungin but not amphotericin B in sera of mice treated with combined therapy compared with those in mice given monotherapy. No overt toxicity was evident with any regimen. The mechanism of increased efficacy may be altered cilofungin distribution, excretion, or metabolism; antifungal synergy; or both. These results indicate that concurrent cilofungin-amphotericin B therapy has synergistic or additive efficacy in vivo.
Partial update EDS algorithms for adaptive filtering (2010)

In practice, computational complexity is an important consideration of an adaptive signal processing system. A well-known approach to controlling computational complexity is applying partial update (PU) adaptive filters. In this paper, a partial update Euclidean Direction Search (EDS) algorithm is employed. The theoretical analyses of mean and mean-square performance are presented. The simulation results of different PU EDS are shown.
Determinants of family care giver reaction. New and recurrent cancer. (1997)

The impact of cancer on patients and family care givers must be evaluated carefully and thoroughly, regardless of whether the diagnosis is new or recurrent. Patients' symptoms and symptom experience, mobility, and dependencies in instrumental activities of daily living are primary influences in creating emotional burden and depression in the family care giver of the patient diagnosed with new and with recurrent cancer.
Cytotoxicity, antiviral and antimicrobial activities of alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids (2011)

Antiviral and antimicrobial effects of the compounds tested herein may constitute a preliminary step for further relevant studies to identify the mechanism of action.
Protein C and related proteins : biochemical and clinical aspects (1988)

Molecular basis of thrombosis the biochemistry of protein C biochemistry of protein S activated protein C and fibrinolysis thrombomodulin protein C inhibitor the human protein C gene assays for protein C assays for protein S hereditary protein C deficiency homozygous protein C deficiency use of protein C DNA probes in the analysis of protein C deficient families hereditary protein S deficiency acquired protein C and protein S deficiency.
Use of a liquid suspension of dielectric spheres as an artificial Kerr medium (1982)

We present the derivation of scaling relationships that describe the behavior of liquid suspensions of dielectric spheres as nonlinear optical media and report results of four-wave mixing experiments that are in good agreement with these predictions.
The Even and Odd Mode Capacitance Parameters for Coupled Lines in Suspended Substrate (1969)

This paper describes the calculation of fringing capacitances in the suspended substrate transmission medium. In this medium, conductors are photoetched on one side of a dielectric card supported approximately halfway between two parallel ground planes. Usually a large number of thin film circuits are supported on a single card and are therefore coupled. The parameters needed to characterize coupled microwave structures are the surge impedances and phase velocities of the normal modes. For lumped circuits, or combinations of lumped circuits and distributed structures, which are quite common, the parasitic capacitances between adjacent conductors and the capacitances to ground are required. All these parameters can be found from the odd and even mode static capacitances for two parallel coupled lines. The transmission medium is inhomogeneous (the dielectric medium that supports the conductors is suspended in air as seen in Figure 1) so that not only are the system capacitances required with dielectrics present, but also required are these capacitances with all dielectrics removed. From this last, homogeneous, case the line inductance in an assumed TEM mode is found. The methods of calculation outlined here of the even and odd mode capacitances for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous cases are based on a variational approximation and on several conformal transformations. Their use at an interactive time share terminal has proven very valuable in the design of low loss, high performance microwave circuits.
Survival mechanisms of pathogenic <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> H<sub>37</sub>Rv (2010)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv is a highly successful pathogen and its success fully relies on its ability to utilize macrophages for its replication and, more importantly, the macrophage should remain viable to host the Mycobacterium. Despite the fact that these phagocytes are usually very effective in internalizing and clearing most of the bacteria, M. tuberculosis H(37)Rv has evolved a number of very effective survival strategies, including: (a) the inhibition of phagosome-lysosome fusion; (b) the inhibition of phagosome acidification; (c) the recruitment and retention of tryptophan-aspartate containing coat protein on phagosomes to prevent their delivery to lysosomes; and (d) the expression of members of the host-induced repetitive glycine-rich protein family of proteins. However, the mechanisms by which M. tuberculosis H(37)Rv enters the host cell, circumvents host defenses and spreads to neighboring cell are not completely understood. Therefore, a better understanding of host-pathogen interaction is essential if the global tuberculosis pandemic is ever to be controlled. This review addresses some of the pathogenic strategies of the M. tuberculosis H(37)Rv that aids in its survival and pathogenicity.
Analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid replication in human X chromosomes by fluorescence microscopy. (1976)

The genetically inactive, late-replicating human female X chromosome can be effectively distinguished from its more active, earlier-replicating homologue, when cells are grown according to the appropriate BrdU-33258 Hoechst protocol. Results obtained from a fluorescence analysis of DNA replication in X chromosomes are consistent with those from previous autoradiographic studies, but reflect additional sensitivity and resolution offered by the BrdU-Hoechst methodology. Both qualitative and quantitative differences in 33258 Hoechst fluorescence intensity, reflecting alterations in replication kinetics, can be detected between the two X chromosomes in female cells. The pattern of replication in the single X chromosome in male cells is indistinguishable from that of the early female X. Intercellular fluctuations in the distribution of regions replicating early or late in S phase, particularly with reference to the late female X, can be localized to structural bands, suggesting multifocal control of DNA synthesis in X chromosomes.
Anaphylaxis and stinging insect hypersensitivity (1987)

<h3>ANAPHYLAXIS</h3> ANAPHYLAXIS as a full-blown medical emergency represents only a fraction of the acute allergic events with systemic manifestations for which this term can be used. The word<i>anaphylaxis</i>(backward protection) was coined by Portier and Richet<sup>1</sup>to describe the increased susceptibility of dogs to repeated injections of sea anemone toxin. Only later was it realized that the reactions of the reinjected dogs were due to hypersensitivity rather than to the loss of a normal protective mechanism. <i>Anaphylaxis</i>is now used to refer generically to the signs and symptoms resulting from the antigen-induced, IgE-mediated release or formation of chemical mediators whose target organs are primarily blood vessels and smooth muscle.<sup>2</sup>This might even include locally restricted, IgE-mediated reactions such as when airborne pollen grains cause allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after deposition on moist conjunctival and nasal membranes. However, it is more customary to regard anaphylaxis as one of several similar
Calvin's Concept of Revelation (1949)

The Institutes is a long and detailed essay upon the know-ledge of God, not a well-constructed and comprehensive system of theology, a kind of Reformed Summa Theologica . It was this problem of the knowledge of God which constituted the real disagreement with Rome, and in the Institutes Calvin works out from the Scriptures the Reformed doctrine of the knowledge of God to stand in opposition to the contemporary and scholastic Roman doctrine based upon the synthesis of the Scriptures and Greek philosophy. When once this is understood, the different doctrines treated in the book fall easily into their places in relation to the central theme, the knowledge of God.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Dynamics in Children with External Ventricular Drains (1991)

Abstract Fifty-five children had 64 external ventricular drains (EVDs) placed predominantly (95%) for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt infections. In 9 children, a computer monitoring system measured the CSF output each second continuously for up to 24 hours. The monitoring was repeated daily for up to 9 days. The state of arousal of the patients was recorded simultaneously. In all children, daily EVD outputs were related to age, sex, weight, method of establishing the EVD, height of the drip chamber, time since insertion, and type of infecting organism. Computer monitoring revealed wide fluctuations in flow rate, with peak rates frequently &gt;20 ml/h and periods of flow arrest. These changes were usually associated with increased arousal, but also occurred with sleep. The mean EVD flow rate for all children was 6.3 ml/h. EVD output increased with age and weight. EVD output decreased with Gram-negative or multiple-organism infections and with elevation of the drip chamber. Resolution of the infection, sex of the patient, and method of establishing the EVD had no effect on output. These results predict that CSF production increases with brain growth in humans; that CSF production is depressed by Gram-negative and multiple-organism infections; that implanted CSF shunts with standard valves flow at equivalent rates to an EVD in the supine position; and that the CSF drainage requirements in this group are approximately equal to their EVD outputs.
A dynamic protocol stack configuration model for adaptation to communications environments (2001)

Differences in the quality of communication occur based on the conditions of the network and the position where the client is connected when the client is communicating with a server distributing continuous media over a network. In this paper the authors propose a DPC (Dynamic Protocol stack Configuration) to dynamically change the protocol stack for each flow based on the reliability and throughput of the data transfer when a client connected to a network is starting or maintaining communications with a server. In addition, the authors define dsocket, an expanded socket based on the DPC model, and DPCP (Dynamic Protocol stack Configuration Protocol) as a protocol to change the protocol stack through coordination between the client and the server. The authors demonstrate the validity of the DPC model by using it for dynamic changes between TCP and UDP for changes in network load in a system in which computers running this model under FreeBSD are connected via a wireless LAN or the Internet. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 84(3): 12–27, 2001
Effect of Nature and Location of Defects on Bandgap Narrowing in Black TiO<sub>2</sub>Nanoparticles (2012)

The increasing need for new materials capable of solar fuel generation is central in the development of a green energy economy. In this contribution, we demonstrate that black TiO(2) nanoparticles obtained through a one-step reduction/crystallization process exhibit a bandgap of only 1.85 eV, which matches well with visible light absorption. The electronic structure of black TiO(2) nanoparticles is determined by the unique crystalline and defective core/disordered shell morphology. We introduce new insights that will be useful for the design of nanostructured photocatalysts for energy applications.
Genetic Studies of<i>mrp</i>, a Locus Essential for Cellular Aggregation and Sporulation of<i>Myxococcus xanthus</i> (2001)

Under starvation conditions, Myxococcus xanthus undergoes a complex developmental process which includes cellular aggregation and sporulation. A transposon insertion mutant (the Tn5-Omega280 mutant) with defects in both aggregation and sporulation was analyzed in this study. The Tn5-Omega280 mutant was found to have a disrupted NtrC-like response regulator designated Myxococcus regulatory protein B (mrpB). Further sequencing analyses revealed a histidine kinase homolog (mrpA) immediately upstream of mrpB and a cyclic AMP receptor protein-like transcriptional regulator (mrpC) downstream of mrpB. In-frame deletion analyses revealed that both the mrpB and mrpC genes were required for cellular aggregation and sporulation but that only mrpA was required for sporulation only. Site-specific mutagenesis of the putative phosphorylation site of MrpB, D58, showed that a D58A mutation caused defects in both aggregation and sporulation but that a D58E mutation resulted in only a sporulation defect. Further genetic and molecular analyses with reporter genes and reverse transcription-PCR indicated that mrpA and mrpB are cotranscribed but that mrpC is transcribed independently and that all of these genes are developmentally regulated. In addition, MrpB is essential for transcription of mrpC and MrpC regulates its own transcription. These data indicate that Mrp proteins are important components required for M. xanthus development. The complicated interaction between Mrp proteins may play an important role in regulating developmental gene expression in M. xanthus.
Accelerometers (2006)

Abstract Accelerometers are devices that measure acceleration and convert it to an electrical signal. The output is commonly in units of gravity (g). Most consist of some type of mass that accelerates and a sensor to measure its acceleration. They are mounted securely to the object being monitored in a way that limits damping of the acceleration signal. Accelerometers have been used in biomedical applications such as human motion analysis, motion detection vibration, and impact studies. As they are sensitive to acceleration caused by gravity, accelerometers can be used as tilt sensors, which measure the direction of an object relative to the ground. Applications of tilt sensors include sensing the onset of motion, biofeedback, and manipulation of handheld devices such as cell phones and wireless computer interfaces. Most accelerometers are based on semiconductor technology, and depending on device construction and properties, they can measure very small accelerations caused by vibration (micro g), or very large accelerations during motion or impact (thousands of g's). The performance capabilities of accelerometers have greatly improved over the past decade, due in part to advances in micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. As these devices become smaller in size, it is likely that more widespread use in biomedical applications will occur in the future.
Study and Optimization of Plasma-Based Radar Cross Section Reduction Using Three-Dimensional Computations (2009)

The radar cross section (RCS) of a flat plate covered with a cold collisional inhomogeneous plasma has been studied using a 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for electromagnetics. Two problems have been considered. In problem 1, using experimentally reported plasma density profiles, we have observed some interesting features in the bistatic RCS and provided simple physical interpretations for some of these features. The simulations confirm that a plasma shroud can successfully be used for reducing the RCS of a flat plate at almost all scattering angles, although the RCS could increase at some other angles. This is a novel extension of the FDTD method for the calculation of the bistatic RCS of an object shielded by a nonuniform collisional plasma. Problem 2 involves an optimization study for the input power required to achieve a desired RCS reduction (RCSR), examining a variety of plasma density levels and spatial profiles. For this optimization study, we have considered a helium plasma produced by a high-energy electron beam. We find that the maximum achievable reduction increases monotonically with power up to an optimum point, beyond which the RCSR decreases, finally showing some tendency to saturate. This is of practical importance and indicates the usefulness of FDTD simulations in identifying the optimal point. Furthermore, at a given power level, there can be a considerable scatter in the RCSR achievable. This is because various combinations of the plasma parameters, differing considerably in their RCSR abilities, could require the same power to sustain them. Simulations would be of great use in helping to identify the best profiles to be used for a given input power level.
The majority of cellular fatty acid acylated proteins are localized to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane (1987)

The BC3Hl muscle cell line was previously reported to contain a broad array of fatty acid acylated proteins [Olson, E. N., Towler, D. A., & Glaser, L. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 3784-3790]. Palmitate was shown to be attached to membrane proteins posttranslationally through thiol ester linkages, whereas myristate was attached cotranslationally, or within seconds thereafter, to soluble and membrane-bound proteins through amide linkages [Olson, E. N., & Spizz, G. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 2458-2466]. The temporal and subcellular differences between palmitate and myristate acylation suggested that these two classes of acyl proteins might follow different intracellular pathways to distinct subcellular membrane systems or organelles. In this study, we examined the subcellular localization of the major fatty acylated proteins in BC3Hl cells. Palmitate-containing proteins were localized to the plasma membrane, but only a subset of myristate-containing proteins was localized to this membrane fraction. The majority of acyl proteins were nonglycosylated and resistant to digestion with extracellular proteases, suggesting that they were not exposed to the external surface of the plasma membrane. Many proteins were, however, digested during incubation of isolated membranes with proteases, which indicates that these proteins face the cytoplasm. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins labeled with [3H]palmitate and [3H]myristate revealed that individual proteins were modified by only one of the two fatty acids and did not undergo both N-linked myristylation and ester-linked palmitylation. Together, these results suggest that the majority of cellular acyl proteins are routed to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, and they raise the possibility that fatty acid acylation may play a role in intracellular sorting of nontransmembranous, nonglycosylated membrane proteins.
36. Steroids and related compounds. Part XIII. The preparation of 21-hydroxypregna-4 : 17-dien-3-one (1952)

D. K. Patel, V. Petrow, R. Royer and I. A. Stuart-Webb, J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 161 DOI: 10.1039/JR9520000161
Consécration d'une action déclaratoire en matière de compétence internationale (2012)

International audience
Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Application to the Peripheral Circulation (1992)

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for application in the musculoskeletal system is progressing at a rapid pace. The clinical role of this new technique is still being developed, although a number of uses have already become well recognized, and MRA is diffusing into clinical practice. This article describes the basic fundamentals of MRA as it applies to the peripheral circulation and to the evaluation of potential clinical procedures.
Assignment of ADT modules to processors (2003)

The utilization of reusable software components can help to reduce the complexity of developing and maintaining parallel programs, but can lead to inefficiencies. The potential inefficiencies are addressed by providing a model of parallel execution (asynchronous remote procedure call, or ARPC) that not only speeds up programs, but also encourages the development of layered software by increasing parallelism in correspondence to increases in layering. The paper presents an efficient algorithm for assigning the reusable modules of a program to the processing elements of a parallel computer that supports ARPC. The objectives of the assignment algorithm are to permit maximum inter-module parallelism with the fewest possible PEs, and to prevent deadlock. The algorithm differs from previous solutions to the assignment problem in that the modules to be assigned are generic abstract data type modules, not procedures, tasks, or processes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>