gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Peribronchial electrical admittance measures lung edema and congestion in the dog (1980)

A new method has been developed to detect interstitial pulmonary edema. This method utilizes the unique arrangement of air and interstitial fluid within the lung. A 1.3-mm-diam twin catheter electrode was wedged in a peripheral airway of the lung. The electrical impedance measured at 35 kHz between these catheter-tip electrodes was 1,540 +/- 240 omega (mean +/- SD; n = 10) in the anesthetized closed-chest dog. Intravenous infusion of 1-3 liters 0.154 M NaCl increased extravascular water per gram of dry lung from a control value of 3.54 +/- 0.27 to 4.1-5.14. Peribronchial electrical impedance decreased in proportion to the amount of saline infused reaching a minimum of 550 omega. No signs of alveolar flooding were present during the experiments. Linear regression performed on peribronchial electrical admittance (PEA) as a function of extravascular water per gram of dry lung (ELW) resulted in the following relationship: PEA = 0.72 ELW - 1.81; r = 0.95. It is concluded that this method is a sensitive quantitative measure of lung interstitial fluid and can detect pulmonary edema and congestion in the dog lung before alveolar flooding occurs.
Robust location search from text queries (2007)

Robust, global, address geocoding is challenging because there is no single address format that applies to all geographies, and in any case, users may not restrict themselves to well-formed addresses. Particularly in online mapping systems, users frequently enter queries with missing or conflicting information, misspellings, address transpositions, and other such variations.
Effect of flow rate on blood gases during constant flow ventilation in dogs. (1986)

We studied the effect of flow rate (V) on arterial blood gases during constant flow ventilation (CFV) in 9 anesthetized, paralyzed dogs weighing 9.5 to 26.5 kg. The constant flow was administered through catheters placed in each mainstem bronchus. Alveolar ventilation increased linearly with increasing V over the range of 0.18 to 1.0 L/s but was relatively constant at flows above 1.0 L/s. We found that CFV produced normocapnia at a mean V of 0.48 +/- 0.21 L/s (mean +/- SD). However, we did not find any significant relationship between body weight and the V required for normocapnia. At all flow rates we found a relatively large alveolar to arterial oxygen difference (48.9 +/- 8.8 mmHg, mean +/- SD), suggesting significant inhomogeneities in ventilation-perfusion. Our data are consistent with a 2-zone model of gas exchange where gas exchange is dominated by bidirectional convective streaming in the airways closest to the jets, cardiogenic induced flows in the most peripheral airways, and jet-induced turbulence in those airways between these 2 regions.
<i>Euplotes</i> Telomerase:  Evidence for Limited Base-Pairing during Primer Elongation and dGTP as an Effector of Translocation (1998)

The telomeric sequence repeats at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are maintained by the ribonucleoprotein enzyme telomerase. Telomeric DNA primers are bound by telomerase both at the active site, which includes base-pairing with the RNA template, and at a second anchor site. The stabilities of Euplotes aediculatus primer-telomerase complexes were determined by measuring their dissociation rates (koff), using an assay involving photo-cross-linking at the anchor site. The primer length was varied, and mismatched substitutions were introduced in a systematic manner. We observed that koff does not scale with primer length as expected for accumulated primer-template base-pairing. This suggests that telomerase maintains a more-or-less constant number of base pairs, similar to the transcription bubble maintained by RNA polymerase. An upper limit was estimated by comparing the experimental koff for the primer-telomerase complex to that of a model DNA-RNA duplex. All the binding energy could be attributed to 10 or 11 base pairs; alternatively, there could be <10 base pairs, with the remaining energy contributed by other parts of telomerase. Most primers exhibited biphasic dissociation kinetics, with variations in both the amount in each phase and the rate for each phase. Since the cross-links monitored in the dissociation assay were all formed with the 5' region of the primer, the two phases may arise from different base-pairing registers with the RNA template, possibly representing pre- and post-translocation complexes. A shift from slow phase to fast phase dissociation was observed in the presence of dGTP, which may implicate dGTP as a positive effector of translocation.
A Sensor Image Super-Resolution via Advanced Generative Adversarial Network (2018)

Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) is a typical image sensor that has a wide range of applications. However, considering the limitations of the weather condition and hardware cost, it is hard to capture high-resolution images by CMOS sensor. Recently, Super-Resolution (SR) techniques for image restoration has been gaining attentions due to its excellent performance. Under the powerful learning ability, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been proved to achieve great success. In this paper, we propose the Advanced Generative Adversarial Networks (AGAN) to efficiently correct these issues; 1) we design a Laplacian pyramid framework as pre-trained module, which is beneficial to provide multi-scale features for our input. 2) at each feature block, a convolutional skip-connections network, which may contain some latent information, is significant for generative model to reconstruct a plausible-looking image; 3) considering that edge details usually play an important role in image generation, a novel perceptual loss function is defined to train and seek optimal parameters. It is effective to achieve excellent and compelling quality captured by CMOS sensor. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations have been demonstrated that our algorithm not only fully takes advantage of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to improve the image quality, but also performs better than previous GAN algorithms for super-resolution task.
Service and Resource Discovery supports over P2P overlays (2009)

We describe the main architecture and the design principles of the service/resource discovery system (SRDS), a component of the XtreemOS operating system. XtreemOS is a Linux extension that enables management and exploitation as single platform of computational resources provided by federated virtual organizations. The SRDS provides scalable and fault-tolerant directory services supporting many of the platform functionalities, ranging from dynamic resource location and job control to system and application-oriented directory services. The key challenge of the SRDS design is to provide the common metaphor of the directory service, meeting the scalability requirements of a grid-aware operating system, and at the same time enjoy extendability and configurability, especially with respect to the quality of service provided. The SRDS design combines different peer to peer structured overlay networks, exploiting their peculiar strengths. We describe the implementation and our design of the namespace abstraction as implemented on top of multiple overlay networks. Finally, we show test results of the SRDS on top of a subset of the Grid5000 platform.
Automated identification of voids in three-dimensional point clouds (2013)

In the construction of three-dimensional (3D) point clouds from multi-view aerial imagery, voids in the point cloud often exist where multiple views of the area were not obtained during collection. A method is presented for identifying these voids. In this work, point clouds are derived from oblique aerial imagery using multi-view techniques from the photogrammetry and computer vision communities. A voxel-based approach is used to partition the 3D space and each voxel is classified as containing or not containing derived points. Using the imagery and the position of the camera, it is possible to analyze what the cameras can and cannot see, thereby making it possible to label the voxels as occupied, free, and non-classified spaces. Voids in the data will manifest themselves in the non-classified voxels. This method has been tested on high-frame-rate oblique aerial imagery captured over Rochester, NY as well as synthetic data sets. Also presented is a unique synthetic dataset for 3D reconstruction. The data set, created with the Rochester Institute of Technology's Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generation (DIRSIG) software, provides high-fidelity radiometric data in addition to known 3D locations and surface normals for each pixel location in an image scene. This data set is available to the community for use in their related research.
Visual correlation of network alerts (2006)

The VisAlert visual correlation tool facilitates situational awareness in complex network environments by providing a holistic view of network security to help detect malicious activities. Information visualization techniques and methods in many applications have effectively increased operators' situational awareness, letting them more effectively detect, diagnose, and treat anomalous conditions. Visualization elevates information comprehension by fostering rapid correlation and perceived associations. Our visualization technique integrates the information in log and alert files into an intuitive, flexible, extensible, and scalable visualization tool - VisAlert - that presents critical information concerning network activity in an integrated manner, increasing the user's situational awareness.
β-Resorcylic Acid Lactones from a <i>Paecilomyces</i> Fungus (2010)

Six new beta-resorcylic acid lactones (1-6), named paecilomycins A-F, and five known compounds, aigilomycin B (7), zeaenol (8), aigialomycin D (9), aigialomycin F (10), and aigialospirol, were isolated from the mycelial solid culture of Paecilomyces sp. SC0924. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR analysis, single-crystal X-ray study, and chemical correlations. Compounds 5 and 10 exhibited antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum line 3D7 with IC(50) values of 20.0 and 10.9 nM, respectively, and compounds 5-7 showed moderate activity against the P. falciparum line Dd2.
USN-based Multiagent System Approach to Traffic and Road Weather Management (2010)

Both traffic and road weather information management is of growing importance in building intelligent transport systems (ITS) applications. This paper proposes a Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN)-based multiagent system approach to traffic and road weather information management. The multiagent system consists of multifunction sensor agents (MSAs), coordination agents (CAs) that are cooperative with MSA, and service agents (SAs) that control traffic and road weather management. Specific implementation examples of such agents are shown for the better understanding of this multiagent system. Since many MSAs installed on the roads to cover wide physical areas have limited partial views of the entire space, CAs perform coordination, cooperation and negotiation in order to achieve the main goals of SAs. The architecture of the multiagent system is discussed. Some coordination and cooperation models for MSAs and CAs are presented. Furthermore, USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) infrastructure is considered for the multiagent system. Recent advances of wireless technology such as Zigbee are discussed along with USN. RIA (Rich Internet Application)-based user interfaces is a very important methodology along with KML (Keyhole Markup Language) to relate time-specific, location-specific and contents-specific information one way or another.
Identification of a Siderophore Receptor Required for Ferric Ornibactin Uptake in <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> (2000)

Ornibactins are linear hydroxamate siderophores produced by Burkholderia cepacia with peptide structures similar to that of pyoverdines produced by the fluorescent pseudomonads. The gene encoding the outer membrane receptor (orbA) was identified, sequenced, and demonstrated to have significant homology with hydroxamate receptors produced by other organisms. The orbA precursor was predicted to be a protein with a molecular mass of 81 kDa. An orbA mutant was constructed and demonstrated to be unable to take up (59)Fe-ornibactins or to grow in medium supplemented with ornibactins. Outer membrane protein profiles from the parent strain, K56-2, revealed an iron-regulated outer membrane protein of 78 kDa that was not detectable in the K56orbA::tp mutant. When this mutant harbored a plasmid containing the orbA gene, the 78-kDa protein was present in the outer membrane protein profiles and the mutant was able to utilize ornibactin to acquire iron. The orbA mutant was less virulent in a chronic respiratory infection model than the parent strain, indicating that ornibactin uptake and utilization are important in the pathogenesis of B. cepacia respiratory infections.
Starch, structure and functionality (1997)

Part 1: structure/function relationship of starches in food, P.J. Lillford and A. Morrison starch and health, H.N. Englyst and G.J. Hudson dental effects of starch, T.H. Grenby starch functionality in food processing, J. Jane functional properties of cationic pea starch, F.W. Sosulski et al functional and physico-chemical properties of sour cassava starch, C. Mestres et al structural and polymorphic transitions of amylose induced by water and temperature changes, P. Le Bail et al molecular change of starch granule with physical treatment - potato starch by ball-mill treatment, T. Yamada et al the role of molecular weight in the conversion of starch, J.R. Mitchell et al diffusion and reaction in wheat grains, A.G.F. Stapley et al the effects of water and sugars upon the retrogradation of amylopectin in the region (T-Tg) between 0 and 85 degrees C, J.A. Farhat et al mechanical properties of wheat flakes and their components, D.M.R. Georget and A.C. Smith deformation mechanics of individual swollen starch granules, L.R. Fisher et al modelling and experiment on the flow of native wheat starch granules concentrated in water, J.R. Melrose et al analytical developments - molecular and microstructural characterization, S. Hizukuri et al studies on the amylolytic breakdown of damaged starch in cereal and non-cereal flours using high performance liquid chromatography and scanning electron microscopy, P.M. Mathias et al amylolysis of starch granules and alpha-glucan crystallites, V. Planchot et al substitution patterns in chemically modified starch studied by direct mass spectrometry, P.A.M. Steeneken et al starch - the polysaccharide fractions, R.F. Tester internal structure of starch granules revealed by scattering studies, A.M. Donald et al plant biotechnology - technical barriers to starch improvement, P.L. Keeling manipulation of starch quality in peas, T.L. Wang et al cloning, characterization and modification of genes encoding starch branching enzymes in barley, C. Jansson et al temperature dependence of soluble starch synthase in the storage tissues of seeds, C.F. Jenner and R. Sharma occurrence and expression of granule-bound starch synthase mutants in hard winter wheat, R.A. Graybosch et al the mechanism of amylose synthesis, K. Denyer et al the use of mutants to study the structural and functional properties of pea starch, T. Ya et al characterization of starch from genetically modified potato after transformation with the bacterial branching enzyme of anacystis nidulans, A.J. Kortstee et al. Part 2 Poster presentations: effects of sugars on the thermal and retrogradation properties of oat starches, R. Hoover and N. Senanyake the phase behaviours of starch in ternary aqueous solutions, G.K. Moates et al enthalpy relaxation in glassy amylopectin, A.J. Livings et al the glass transition and sub-Tg endotherm of amorphous and native potato starch at low moisture content, H.J. Thiewes and (Part contents)
Constitutive activation of STAT5 by the BCR-ABL oncogene in chronic myelogenous leukemia. (1996)

Using chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) as a model, we tested the hypothesis that cytokine-independent growth of leukemia cells results from aberrant activation of cytokine signaling pathways. The STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription) protein, which is activated transiently in normal myeloid cells by cytokines such as GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), was constitutively activated in cell lines derived from CML patients, even in the absence of GM-CSF. STAT5 was also activated in primary mouse bone marrow cells acutely transformed by the CML-specific BCR-ABL oncogene, but not by the serine kinase oncogene v-MOS. Reconstitution experiments in non-hematopoietic cells show that STAT5 activation by BCR-ABL occurs independent of cytokines. Results using BCR-ABL mutants which specifically uncouple connections to known signal transduction pathways show that STAT5 activation is kinase dependent and correlates directly with ability to confer cytokine independent growth in hematopoietic cells. BCR-ABL also activates JAK kinases, which may provide a mechanism for STAT activation. These findings are consistent with a role for STAT5 in hematopoietic transformation by BCR-ABL.
Nonequilibrium Phase Behavior during the Random Sequential Adsorption of Tethered Hard Disks (2000)

We simulate random sequential adsorption of tethered hard disks which undergo limited Monte Carlo surface diffusion to study kinetics and nonequilibrium phase behavior. Tethers allow the disks to move within a specified distance of their original adsorption locations, placing a control on the local entropy of each disk. As the surface coverage increases, systems with sufficiently long tethers form hexatic or crystalline lattices, while short tethers frustrate organization. Lattices form with surprisingly short tether lengths-on the order of one disk diameter.
Novel Chimerical Endolysins with Broad Antimicrobial Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2012)

Due to their bacterial lytic action, bacteriophage endolysins have recently gained great attention as a potential alternative to antibiotics in the combat of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, particularly those displaying multidrug resistance. However, large-scale production and purification of endolysins is frequently impaired due to their low solubility. In addition, a large number of endolysins appear to exhibit reduced lytic efficacy when compared with their action during phage infection. Here, we took advantage of the high solubility of two recently characterized enterococcal endolysins to construct chimeras targeting Staphylococcus aureus. The putative cell wall binding domain of these endolysins was substituted by that of a staphylococcal endolysin that showed poor solubility. Under appropriate conditions the resulting chimeras presented the high solubility of the parental enterococcal endolysins. In addition, they proved to be broadly active against a collection of the most relevant methicillin-resistant S. aureus epidemic clones and against other Gram-positive pathogens. Thus, fusion of endolysin domains of heterologous origin seems to be a suitable approach to design new potent endolysins with changed and/or extended lytic spectrum that are amenable to large-scale production.
Modification of Carbon Partitioning, Photosynthetic Capacity, and O2 Sensitivity in Arabidopsis Plants with Low ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Activity1 (1999)

Wild-type Arabidopsis plants, the starch-deficient mutant TL46, and the near-starchless mutant TL25 were evaluated by noninvasive in situ methods for their capacity for net CO2 assimilation, true rates of photosynthetic O2 evolution (determined from chlorophyll fluorescence measurements of photosystem II), partitioning of photosynthate into sucrose and starch, and plant growth. Compared with wild-type plants, the starch mutants showed reduced photosynthetic capacity, with the largest reduction occurring in mutant TL25 subjected to high light and increased CO2 partial pressure. The extent of stimulation of CO2 assimilation by increasing CO2 or by reducing O2 partial pressure was significantly less for the starch mutants than for wild-type plants. Under high light and moderate to high levels of CO2, the rates of CO2 assimilation and O2 evolution and the percentage inhibition of photosynthesis by low O2 were higher for the wild type than for the mutants. The relative rates of 14CO2 incorporation into starch under high light and high CO2 followed the patterns of photosynthetic capacity, with TL46 showing 31% to 40% of the starch-labeling rates of the wild type and TL25 showing less than 14% incorporation. Overall, there were significant correlations between the rates of starch synthesis and CO2 assimilation and between the rates of starch synthesis and cumulative leaf area. These results indicate that leaf starch plays an important role as a transient reserve, the synthesis of which can ameliorate any potential reduction in photosynthesis caused by feedback regulation.
Buffeting excitation of structures by fluid flow (1976)

Structural vibrations and sound caused by unstable wake flows is of continuing concern. Measurements of unsteady pressures and forces acting on structures of various geometries have been performed during the past decade over a wide range of Reynolds' numbers, Mach numbers, and cavitation numbers. In many instances, the experiments included rigid as well as oscillating bodies. This paper reviews the most significant results obtained on bluff bodies as well as at the trailing edges of streamlined shapes.
Additive Manufacturing for Solid Oxide Cell Electrode Fabrication (2015)

Additive manufacturing can potentially offer a highly-defined electrode microstructure, as well as fast and reproducible electrode fabrication. Selective laser sintering is an additive manufacturing technique in which three-dimensional structures are created by bonding subsequent layers of powder using a laser. Although selective laser sintering can be applied to a wide range of materials, including metals and ceramics, the scientific and technical aspects of the manufacturing parameters and their impact on microstructural evolution during the process are not well understood. In the present study, a novel approach for electrode fabrication using selective laser sintering was evaluated by conducting a proof of concept study. A Ni-patterned fuel electrode was laser sintered on an yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate. The optimization process of laser parameters (laser sintering rate and laser power) and the electrochemical results of a full cell with a laser sintered electrode are presented. The challenges and prospects of using selective laser sintering for solid oxide cell fabrication are discussed.
Mobile Device Applications for the Visualization of Functional Connectivity Networks and EEG Electrodes: iBraiN and iBraiNEEG (2016)

Multiple functional MRI (fMRI)-based functional connectivity networks were obtained by Yeo et al. (2011), and the visualization of these complex networks is a difficult task. Also, the combination of functional connectivity networks determined by fMRI with electroencephalography (EEG) data could be a very useful tool. Mobile devices are becoming increasingly common among users, and for this reason, we describe here two applications for Android and iOS mobile devices: one that shows in an interactive way the seven Yeo functional connectivity networks, and another application that shows the relative position of 10-20 EEG electrodes with Yeo's seven functional connectivity networks.