gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy proportionality of an enterprise network (2010)

Energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important in the operation of networking infrastructure, especially in enterprise and data center networks. While strategies for lowering the energy consumption of network devices have been proposed, what is lacking is a comprehensive measurement study conducted across a large network (such as an enterprise), that monitors power usage as a function of traffic flowing through the network. We present a large power profile study that we conducted in an enterprise network, comprising of 90 live switches from various vendors. We first describe Urja, the system that we built, that collects required configurations from a wide variety of deployed switches and uses them to accurately predict the power consumed by individual devices and the network as a whole. Urja is vendor neutral, and relies on standard SNMP MIBs to gather the required configuration and traffic information. Further, based on available knobs in current devices, the analysis engine in Urja lists various configuration and rewiring changes that can be made to the devices in order to make the network more energy proportional. Urja has been deployed in an enterprise sub-network for about 4 months; through comprehensive analysis of the data collected over this period, we present various changes (in increasing order of cost and complexity) that network administrators can perform; in this segment of an enterprise network, we can save over 30% of the network energy through simple configuration and rewiring changes, and without any performance impact.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Immunoreactive Cells and PGP 9.5-Immunoreactive Nerve Fibers in Vertebral Endplates of Patients With Discogenic Low Back Pain and Modic Type 1 or Type 2 Changes on MRI (2006)

The results suggest that endplate abnormalities are related to inflammation and axon growth induced by TNF. TNF expression and PGP 9.5-positive nerve in-growth in abnormal endplates may be a cause of low back pain.
Notes On Australian Podomyrma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). (1953)

xBio:D Automated Upload
Polynomial-based Lightweight Key Management in a Permissioned Blockchain (2019)

A permissioned blockchain platform comes with numerous assurances such as transaction confidentiality and system scalability to several organizations. Most permissioned blockchains rely on a Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI)as cryptographic tools to provide security services such as identity authentication and data confidentiality. Using PKI to validate transactions includes validating digital certificates of endorsement peers which creates an overhead in the system. Because public-key operations are computationally intensive, they limit the scalability of blockchain applications. Due to a large modulus size and expensive modular exponentiation operations, public-key operations such as RSA become slower than polynomial-based schemes, which involve a smaller modulus size and a less smaller number of modular multiplications. For instance, the 2048-bit RSA is approximately 15,728 times slower than a polynomial with a degree of 50 and 128-bit modulus size. In this paper, we propose a lightweight polynomial-based key management scheme in the context of a permissioned blockchain. Our scheme involves computationally less intensive polynomial evaluation operations such as additions and multiplications that result in a faster processing compared with public-key schemes. In addition, our proposed solution reduces the overhead of processing transactions and improves the system scalability. Security and performance analysis are provided in the paper.
Hysteresis independent on-line capacitance measurement for piezoelectric stack actuators (2011)

Piezoelectric actuators are typically modeled as capacitive elements for control purposes. An important model parameter, clamped capacitance, is traditionally considered constant and obtained through offline measurements. However, the capacitance value changes with operating conditions such as electric fields, environmental temperatures, and aging. In addition, traditional capacitance measurements are not hysteresis free. In this research, a hysteresis independent real time capacitance measurement technique is proposed. This is achieved by superimposing a high frequency ripple over the normal control voltage signal and comparing the resulting current signal to the voltage ripple. Since the mechanical bandwidth of the actuator is much lower than the ripple voltage, no measurable movement is induced by the measurement technique, and a clamped capacitance is determined. It is demonstrated that the measurement is largely independent of hysteresis and it shows good agreement with an LCR meter. The on-line capacitance measurement is very useful for characterising piezoelectric actuators and for implementing more robust control schemes.
2-Iodylphenol Ethers:  Preparation, X-ray Crystal Structure, and Reactivity of New Hypervalent Iodine(V) Oxidizing Reagents (2006)

2-Iodylphenol ethers were prepared by the dimethyldioxirane oxidation of the corresponding 2-iodophenol ethers and isolated as chemically stable, microcrystalline products. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1-iodyl-2-isopropoxybenzene 8c and 1-iodyl-2-butoxybenzene 8d revealed pseudopolymeric arrangements in the solid state formed by intermolecular interactions between IO2 groups of different molecules. 2-Iodylphenol ethers can selectively oxidize sulfides to sulfoxides and alcohols to the respective aldehydes or ketones.
Comparison of Three Methods for Estimating Rates of Synonymous and Nonsynonymous Nucleotide Substitutions (2004)

Three frequently used methods for estimating the synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates (Ks and Ka) were evaluated and compared for their accuracies; these methods are denoted by LWL85, LPB93, and GY94, respectively. For this purpose, we used a codon-evolution model to obtain the expected Ka and Ks values for the above three methods and compared the values with those obtained by the three methods. We also proposed some modifications of LWL85 and LPB93 to increase their accuracies. Our computer simulations under the codon-evolution model showed that for sequences < or =300 codons, the performance of GY94 may not be reliable. For longer sequences, GY94 is more accurate for estimating the Ka/Ks ratio than the modified LPB93 and LWL85 in the majority of the cases studied. This is particularly so when k > or = 3, which is the transition/transversion (mutation) rate ratio. However, when k is approximately 2 and when the sequence divergence is relatively large, the modified LWL85 performed better than GY94 and the modified LPB93. The inferiority of LPB93 to LWL85 is surprising because LPB93 was intended to improve LWL85. Also, it has been thought that the codon-based method of GY94 is better than the heuristic method of LWL85, but our simulation results showed that in many cases, the opposite was true, even though our simulation was based on the codon-evolution model.
Janus nanoparticles for T cell activation: clustering ligands to enhance stimulation (2017)

The <i>in vitro</i> activation of T cells by synthetic particles is a promising technique for adoptive cancer immunotherapy. While it is known that cell-surface receptors form clusters during T cell activation, the use of clustered ligands on synthetic particles to modulate T cell response is a largely unexplored concept. Building upon our previous finding that T cells respond differently to various micro-sized patterns of ligands, we here investigate the effect of nano-sized ligand clusters on T cell activation. Two-faced Janus nanoparticles were fabricated to display ligands of different functions in spatially segregated clusters on single nanoparticles. Going beyond our earlier qualitative study, here we precisely quantified and controlled the surface density and the total amount of ligands on single nanoparticles. We show that nanoparticles with clustered ligands activate T cells to a greater level than ones uniformly coated with the same number of ligands. The enhanced effect is due to increased local surface density of ligands. The results demonstrate that the spatial arrangement of ligands on particles influences activation response of T cells and may be used as a new strategy to increase T cell stimulation in the presence of insufficient amount of stimuli. This fundamental study also represents an initial step in using nanoscale Janus particles for manipulating immune cell responses.
An iterative DSP technique for tracking power system frequency and voltage phasors (2002)

This paper presents a DSP technique that provides correct and noise-free estimates of frequency and voltage phasors in about 20 ms and 16 ms respectively. The theoretical basis and testing of the technique are described in the paper. The technique requires modest computations and is suitable for near-nominal, nominal and off-nominal frequencies. The technique is general in form and can be designed to provide accurate estimates when signals include harmonic components. It is also suitable for use in synchronized phasor measurement units because frequency tracking is accomplished without changing the sampling rate.
Grain Growth Kinetics in Ti&ndash;C Alloys (1973)

Recrystallization and grain growth kinetics were studied in Ti–C alloys (0.07∼0.36 at%C). The recrystallizatron temperature increased with increasing carbon content. Grain growth obeyed the growth lawln(d\barD⁄dt)=ln(k0⁄3)−2.0ln(\barD)or\barD3−\barD03=k′0exp(−Q⁄kT)·t,where \barD is the mean linear intercept grain size at time t, \barD0 the initial grain size, k′0 a constant and Q the activation energy for grain growth. The value of Q decreased from 52.8 to 46.7 kcal/g-atom with increase in carbon content. Employing Cahn’s impurity dragging theory, the activation energies for the migration of solute-free boundaries and of carbon atoms in alpha titanium were calculated to be 56 and 42 kcal/g-atom, respectively.
Timing-accurate Storage Emulation (2002)

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Performance evaluation of a packet voice system (1989)

A study is made of statistical multiplexing of voice packets from a number of packetized voice sources onto a single channel. Each source alternates between talkspurt (active period) and silence, and packets are generated during active periods only. The packets are buffered (in a finite size buffer) when transmission capacity is not available. An embedded Markov chain model is adopted to analyze the system and a numerical technique is presented to compute system performance. Simulation results validate the analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The interaction between uric acid level and other risk factors on the development of gout among asymptomatic hyperuricemic men in a prospective study. (2000)

Uric acid level is the key factor for prevention of gout and needs constant monitoring. Other contributing or possible etiologic factors such as alcohol consumption, diuretics use, and excess weight gain carry an increased risk of gout attack among patients with hyperuricemia.
An interesting wave amplifier (1960)

This paper concerns the theory and structure of an amplifier involving growing waves.
Attosecond band-gap dynamics in silicon (2014)

Electron transfer from valence to conduction band states in semiconductors is the basis of modern electronics. Here, attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectroscopy is used to resolve this process in silicon in real time. Electrons injected into the conduction band by few-cycle laser pulses alter the silicon XUV absorption spectrum in sharp steps synchronized with the laser electric field oscillations. The observed ~450-attosecond step rise time provides an upper limit for the carrier-induced band-gap reduction and the electron-electron scattering time in the conduction band. This electronic response is separated from the subsequent band-gap modifications due to lattice motion, which occurs on a time scale of 60 ± 10 femtoseconds, characteristic of the fastest optical phonon. Quantum dynamical simulations interpret the carrier injection step as light-field-induced electron tunneling.
Prime-Boost Vaccination with HIV-1 Gag Protein and Cytosine Phosphate Guanosine Oligodeoxynucleotide, Followed by Adenovirus, Induces Sustained and Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses (2003)

A prophylactic vaccine for HIV-1 will probably require the induction and maintenance of both humoral and cellular immunity. One current strategy to achieve such long term immune responses is a prime-boost vaccination approach using a DNA priming inoculation, followed by recombinant viral boost. In this report we use a novel prime-boost approach in which the priming injections consist of recombinant HIV-1 Gag protein mixed with cytosine phosphate guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), followed by recombinant adenoviral boost expressing HIV-1 Gag. Analysis of the immune responses indicates that HIV-1 Gag protein plus CpG ODN immunization alone induces potent humoral as well as Th1 and CD8+ T cell responses. Boosting with recombinant adenovirus strikingly enhances CD8+, but not Th1, T cell responses, resulting in CD8+ T cell responses far greater in magnitude than Th1 responses. Furthermore, the Th1 and CD8+ T cell responses following prime-boost immunization were seen in both lymphoid and peripheral mucosal organs and were sustained over several months. Together, these data suggest a new immunization approach for elicitation of long term humoral and cellular immune responses.
Corticotropin-releasing factor mRNA in rat thymus and spleen. (1993)

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) initiates stress-induced immunosuppression via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. CRF has also been shown to have direct stimulatory and suppressive effects on immune cells. We have previously detected immunoreactive and bioactive CRF in the rat spleen and thymus. To determine if CRF is synthesized in these tissues, we analyzed rat spleen and thymus for the presence of CRF mRNA. RNA was reverse transcribed, and the resulting cDNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction with CRF gene-specific oligonucleotide primers. After Southern blotting and hybridization with an internal CRF gene probe, a product of the expected size was detected in the spleen, thymus, and hypothalamus (positive control) but not in liver or kidney (negative controls), indicating that CRF is synthesized in the spleen and thymus. Furthermore, CRF could be secreted from splenic and thymic adherent cells in culture. Secretion increased severalfold in response to nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor, whereas interleukin 1 had no effect, suggesting that regulation of CRF secretion may differ from that in the hypothalamus. CRF mRNA was detected in NDGA-stimulated thymic adherent cells and in both control and NDGA-stimulated splenic nonadherent cells. The finding that CRF is synthesized in the spleen and thymus suggests that locally synthesized "immune" CRF, acting as an autocrine or paracrine cytokine, may have direct regulatory effects on immune function.
Exchange Kinetics of Protein-Functionalized Micelles and Liposomes Studied by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (2010)

Protein-functionalized micelles and liposomes are attractive delivery systems for applications ranging from targeted drug delivery to molecular imaging. In particular, systems that use pegylated phospholipids have become popular, but little is known about the stability of these lipid-functionalized proteins toward exchange. In this study, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the fluorescent proteins ECFP and EYFP was used to investigate the lipid exchange behavior of protein-functionalized liposomes and micelles. Native chemical ligation was used as an efficient method to site-specifically couple varying amounts of proteins to pegylated phospholipids. No exchange was observed between protein-functionalized phospholipids in sterically stabilized liposomes. In micelles, however, protein-functionalized lipids were found to exchange with a half-time of exchange ranging from almost 2 h at room temperature to 4 min at 37 degrees C. These pegylated micelles remained intact at lipid concentrations down to 0.15 microM, indicating that they are even more stable than previously assumed. The results obtained in this study provide a useful frame of reference for assessing the potential role of protein exchange in biomedical applications of these lipid-based nanoparticles.
Oriented growth and assembly of zeolite crystals on substrates (2008)

排列数组和沸石和分子筛的薄电影在膜拥有许多潜在的应用程序分离和催化作用，化学传感器，和微电子设备。为生产排列数组和沸石和分子筛的薄电影有二个主要合成方法，即在 situ 热水的反应并且底层上的水晶谷物自己组装。他们俩在世界范围的科学界吸引了许多注意。一系列重要进步在最近的年里被取得了。由在里面 situ 沸石和分子筛晶体的热水的合成，面向的成核和生长能被修改底层或由改变合成答案的作文的表面性质完成，导致一致地面向的排列 multicrystal 的数组或薄电影的形成。在另一方面，例如，沸石和分子筛的水晶谷物能用不同奴役在要求的取向被装配到底层表面上在数组或薄电影的微观结构能被控制。这评论将总结并且评论说最近在高度生产报导的重要结果和进步盖住并且一致地排列了数组或沸石和分子筛的薄电影。它包含(1 ) 在经由在底层表面上嵌入官能基，修改底层的表面微观结构，以及改变合成答案的作文的高度排列的沸石数组和薄电影的 situ 生长；(2 ) 到形式的各种各样的底层上的沸石和分子筛晶体的汇编由共有原子价与完整的范围排列了数组和薄电影，在晶体和底层之间的离子、分子间的联合相互作用；(3 ) 联合表面汇编，微接触或相片蚀刻技术打印生产有图案的沸石数组和薄电影。最后，沸石数组和薄电影的功能和应用程序简短被介绍。一些关键问题为未来研究被处理。
Pressure reconstruction and misfire detection from multichannel structure-borne sound (2004)

Though a variety of misfire detection methods exist, the number of approaches based on structure-borne sound is scarce due to its difficult interpretation. The paper presents a procedure for misfire diagnosis that exploits a multichannel sound signal from accelerometers mounted on the surface of an automotive engine. The EM algorithm is used to decompose the measured sound into individual components associated with single combustions. For these simplified scenarios, a statistical test based on the shape of the reconstructed in-cylinder pressure is devised. Measurement data collected from a four cylinder test bed engine is used to validate the proposed approach and show its superiority to the single-channel solution.
A Parallel Architecture for Analog-to-Digital Conversion with Improved Dynamic Range (2006)

In this thesis, a parallel architecture for Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) is developed to increase the system dynamic range. The proposed architecture is a critical component for a Continuous Wave Stepped Frequency (CWSF) radar system. Existing Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components are inadequate to meet the demands of a high sample rate and a high dynamic range specification. The proposed parallel architecture meets the design criteria by extending the upper voltage limit of high sample rate converters. Extensive simulation study verifies that the desired high sample rate and increased resolution is achieved.
Variations sur un thème dans l'historiographie belge des XIXe et Xxe siècles: l'anticléricalisme de Patrice-François de Neny (1988)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Dietary intake and the risk of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a cross sectional study in volunteers (2004)

In this cross sectional study, high dietary fat intake was associated with an increased risk of GORD symptoms and erosive oesophagitis while high fibre intake correlated with a reduced risk of GORD symptoms. It is unclear if the effects of dietary fat are independent of obesity.
GelStar nucleic acid gel stain: high sensitivity detection in gels. (1999)

GelStar nucleic acid gel stain can be used for sensitive fluorescent detection of both double-stranded (ds) and single-stranded (ss) DNAs, oligonucleotides and RNA in gels. The stain can be added to agarose gels at casting for immediate imaging after electrophoresis or can be used after electrophoresis with both agarose and acrylamide gels. GelStar stain is highly fluorescent only when bound to nucleic acids thus giving superior signal-to-noise ratios and obviating the need to destain the gel. The detection limits of GelStar strain are 20 pg for dsDNA, 25 pg for ssDNA and 10 ng for native or glyoxal-treated RNA.
A Discontinuous Oscillographic Sweep Circuit (1941)

A vacuum tube sweep circuit is described which permits the transit of the oscilloscope beam to cover any desired interval of time during the cycle of events under observation, controllable delays being possible both before and after the transit. The circuit may also be used for single sweep work. A simple method for impressing time base markings is also described. Applications of the circuit are discussed and adaptations to multiple sweep photography are suggested.
Calcium is sufficient but not necessary for activation of sheep platelet cytosolic phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (1991)

In this study we demonstrate that: (1) although the major phospholipase A2 present in sheep platelets is activated by calcium ions, it can effectively catalyze hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester linkage in phospholipids in the absence of calcium; (2) expression of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity can be induced by NaCl utilizing purified (but not crude) cytosolic enzyme; and (3) calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity is regulated by a reconstitutable cytosolic protein. Collectively, these results underscore the fundamental catalytic differences between extracellular and intracellular calcium-dependent phospholipases A2 and demonstrate that calcium is sufficient, but not necessary, for the activation of this class of intracellular phospholipases A2.
Nickel(ii) and iron(iii) selective off-on-type fluorescence probes based on perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (2010)

Two novel "turn-on" fluorescent probes with perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) as the fluorophore and two different di-(2-picolyl)-amine (DPA) groups as the metal ion receptor (PDI-1 and PDI-2) were successfully synthesized with satisfactory yields. PDI-1 exhibited high selectivity toward Ni(2+) in the presence of various other metal cations including Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and Cu(2+) which were expected to interfere significantly. A 1 : 2 stoichiometry was found for the complex formed by PDI-1 and Ni(2+) by a Job's plot and by non-linear least square fitting of the fluorescence titration curves. By introducing an extra diamino ethylene group between DPA and the phenyl bridge, the receptor was modified and the high selectivity of the sensor toward Ni(2+) shifted to Fe(3+). The enhancement factor of the fluorescence response of PDI-2 to Fe(3+) was as high as 138. The binding behavior of the receptors in these two compounds is affected significantly by the PDI fluorophores. Most interestingly, both Ni(2+) and Fe(3+) are paramagnetic metal ions, which are known as fluorescence quenchers and are rarely targeted with "turn-on" fluorescence probes. This result suggests that PDIs are favorable fluorophores for a "turn-on" fluorescence probe for paramagnetic transition metal ions because of their high oxidation potential.