gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4‐3: Wide Viewing Angle TN LCD Enhanced by Printed Quantum‐Dots Film (2016)

The low heavy metal and heavy metal free QDs (Cd < 100 ppm, Pb‐free) content of the R, G, B‐QDs was deposited on top of the conventional twist nematic (TN) liquid crystal device to improve the viewing angle of liquid crystal display. The non‐vacuum, low materials consumption solution process by aerosol‐jet deposition has the advantage of direct printing on black matrix pattern glass. The intensity of 410 nm was applied to execite the QD film and was modulated by the TN cell. As a result, the LC retardation and response time can be fully optimized within the small cell gap. In particular, the eco‐QD array TNLCD possesses wide viewing angle, high transmittance, and fast response time (< 3 ms) under low driving voltage (4 V).
Structural and Functional Evidence for the Interaction of Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) and IGF Binding Proteins with Vitronectin (2003)

Abstract Previous studies demonstrated that IGF-II binds directly to vitronectin (VN), whereas IGF-I binds poorly. However, binding of VN to integrins has been demonstrated to be essential for a range of IGF-I-stimulated biological effects, including IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-5 production, IGF type-1 receptor autophosphorylation, and cell migration. Thus, we hypothesized that a link between IGF-I and VN must occur and may be mediated through IGFBPs. This was tested using competitive binding assays with VN and 125iodine-labeled IGFs in the absence and presence of IGFBPs. IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, and nonglycosylated IGFBP-3 were shown to significantly enhance binding of IGF-I to VN, whereas IGFBP-2 and glycosylated IGFBP-3 had a smaller effect. Furthermore, binding studies with analogs indicate that glycosylation status and the heparin-binding domain of IGFBP-3 are important in this interaction. To examine the functional significance of IGFs binding to VN, cell migration in MCF7 cells was measured and found to be enhanced when VN was prebound to IGF-I in the presence of IGFBP-5. The effect required IGF:IGFBP:VN complex formation; this was demonstrated by use of a non-IGFBP-binding IGF-I analog. Together, these data indicate the importance of IGFBPs in modulating IGF-I binding to VN and that this binding has functional consequences in cells.
Frame Relaying Service opportunity (1988)

The Frame Relaying Service will provide the opportunity to offer packet-like frame transmission service at the Link Layer (layer 2 of the OSI model) at speeds up to 1.5 Mbps. Frame Relaying will be able to minimize processing overhead and allow for fast switching speeds and greater throughput. The initial application of the Frame Relaying service is expected to be the interconnection of local area networks (LANs) and personal computers (PCs) which inherently possess their own higher layer functions, such as flow control and error recovery capabilities. Frame Relaying can convey LAN frames basically unchanged or with minimal changes between communicating LANs. The ease of inter-LAN and PC to PC connections is a significant advantage and may become a critical characteristic of the potential service. >
Uniform Approximations for Shocks Generated by Thin Nonlifting Rectangular Wings (1971)

Flow field approximation for sonic boom shock wave generation by thin nonlifting rectangular wing
Friction stir welding dissimilar alloys for tailoring properties of aerospace parts (2010)

The friction stir welding (FSW) process is capable of joining all aluminium alloys, especially 2xxx and 7xxx aerospace alloys, with good joint properties. Successful weld quality was obtained for a dissimilar joint 2050-T3 Al–Cu–Li alloy/7449-TAF Al–Mg–Zn–Cu alloy at 20 mm thickness thanks to pulsation of the advancing speed. This FSW dissimilar joint was post-weld heat treated: 2050-T8/7449-T79. The joint ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was 336 MPa, similar to a 7449 bead on plate with the same thickness. Moreover, the fracture location takes place in the 7449 heat affected zone (HAZ), the weakest point indicated by the microhardness profile. The ‘pulsed’ process induces an improved stirring based on alternation of dark and light bands, whose chemical composition is close to 2050 and 7449 respectively.
A potent inhibitor of<i>Taq</i>polymerase copurifies with human genomic DNA (1988)

Journal Article A potent inhibitor of Taq polymerase copurifies with human genomic DNA Get access R. de Franchis, R. de Franchis Department of Haematology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith HospitalLondon, W12 ONN, UK + On leave from Dipartimento di Pediatria, II Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. C. P. Cross, N. C. P. Cross Department of Haematology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith HospitalLondon, W12 ONN, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. S. Foulkes, N. S. Foulkes Department of Haematology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith HospitalLondon, W12 ONN, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. M. Cox T. M. Cox Department of Haematology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith HospitalLondon, W12 ONN, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 16, Issue 21, 11 November 1988, Page 10355, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.21.10355 Published: 11 November 1988 Article history Received: 11 October 1988 Published: 11 November 1988
Superconducting Au-YBa2Cu3O7 composites (1988)

Superconducting Au-YBa2Cu3O7 composites have been fabricated over a Au volume fraction range of 0–100%. Microstructure measurement indicates that Au and YBa2Cu3O7 form well-separated phases. The superconducting transition temperature Tc was found unaffected by the presence of Au. The composites exhibit low normal state resistivity and much improved ductility. The results suggest that Au is an excellent metal host for making ultrafine YBa2Cu3O7 granular solids.
LXVII.—Resolution of lactic acid into its optically active components (1892)

T. Purdie and J. W. Walker, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1892, 61, 754 DOI: 10.1039/CT8926100754
Control of Initiation, Rate, and Routing of Spontaneous Capillary-Driven Flow of Liquid Droplets through Microfluidic Channels on SlipChip (2012)

This Article describes the use of capillary pressure to initiate and control the rate of spontaneous liquid-liquid flow through microfluidic channels. In contrast to flow driven by external pressure, flow driven by capillary pressure is dominated by interfacial phenomena and is exquisitely sensitive to the chemical composition and geometry of the fluids and channels. A stepwise change in capillary force was initiated on a hydrophobic SlipChip by slipping a shallow channel containing an aqueous droplet into contact with a slightly deeper channel filled with immiscible oil. This action induced spontaneous flow of the droplet into the deeper channel. A model predicting the rate of spontaneous flow was developed on the basis of the balance of net capillary force with viscous flow resistance, using as inputs the liquid-liquid surface tension, the advancing and receding contact angles at the three-phase aqueous-oil-surface contact line, and the geometry of the devices. The impact of contact angle hysteresis, the presence or absence of a lubricating oil layer, and adsorption of surface-active compounds at liquid-liquid or liquid-solid interfaces were quantified. Two regimes of flow spanning a 10(4)-fold range of flow rates were obtained and modeled quantitatively, with faster (mm/s) flow obtained when oil could escape through connected channels as it was displaced by flowing aqueous solution, and slower (micrometer/s) flow obtained when oil escape was mostly restricted to a micrometer-scale gap between the plates of the SlipChip ("dead-end flow"). Rupture of the lubricating oil layer (reminiscent of a Cassie-Wenzel transition) was proposed as a cause of discrepancy between the model and the experiment. Both dilute salt solutions and complex biological solutions such as human blood plasma could be flowed using this approach. We anticipate that flow driven by capillary pressure will be useful for the design and operation of flow in microfluidic applications that do not require external power, valves, or pumps, including on SlipChip and other droplet- or plug-based microfluidic devices. In addition, this approach may be used as a sensitive method of evaluating interfacial tension, contact angles, and wetting phenomena on chip.
Topography Adaptive Filtering of Phase Image Based On Residue Matrix (2006)

At present, SAR interferometry (InSAR) is the foreland of radar remote sensing. This paper will suggest residual matrix used as the factor of filtering to interferometric phase image. Two kinds of filters for phase image are modified through utilizing residual matrix. The modified filters have different filter intensity in different areas of the phase image according to noise condition. Therefore they can realize an adaptive filtering effect and preserve topographical information and fringes in areas with steep slopes. The implementation of the filters is described in detail and the effectiveness is tested by using the interferometric phase data generated from ERS-1 repeat-pass
Hardware-based methods for maintaining cache coherency in a multiprocessor system (2002)

Because of the increasing number of processors being implemented in multiprocessor systems, the need for an efficient protocol for maintaining cache coherency is becoming more important. Snooping protocols work best in systems using a small number of processors with bus-based communications. Directory protocols include the full-map directory, limited directory, chained directory and coarse vector directory protocols. However, these protocols do not allow for different levels of sharing for cache blocks A specific number of pointers to processor caches is allotted to each memory block. Therefore, either a prohibitive amount of memory is necessary to maintain the pointers, or only a few pointers per main memory block are maintained thus limiting the number of cached copies. In contrast, dynamic allocation protocols allocate pointers as they become necessary. Thus, blocks that are widely shared can be allocated more pointers than those that are used by only a single processor. This paper introduces a new dynamic allocation protocol which incorporates elements of the full-map directory, limited directory, and chained directory protocols.
Identity and Ecophysiology of Uncultured Actinobacterial Polyphosphate-Accumulating Organisms in Full-Scale Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Plants (2005)

Microautoradiography combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (MAR-FISH) was used to screen for potential polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO) in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) plant. The results showed that, in addition to uncultured Rhodocyclus-related PAO, two morphotypes hybridizing with gene probes for the gram-positive Actinobacteria were also actively involved in uptake of orthophosphate (Pi). Clone library analysis and further investigations by MAR-FISH using two new oligonucleotide probes revealed that both morphotypes, cocci in clusters of tetrads and short rods in clumps, were relatively closely related to the genus Tetrasphaera within the family Intrasporangiaceae of the Actinobacteria (93 to 98% similarity in their 16S rRNA genes). FISH analysis of the community biomass in the treatment plant investigated showed that the short rods (targeted by probe Actino-658) were the most abundant (12% of all Bacteria hybridizing with general bacterial probes), while the cocci in tetrads (targeted by probe Actino-221) made up 7%. Both morphotypes took up P(i) aerobically only if, in a previous anaerobic phase, they had taken up organic matter from wastewater or a mixture of amino acids. They could not take up short-chain fatty acids (e.g., acetate), glucose, or ethanol under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. The storage compound produced during the anaerobic period was not polyhydroxyalkanoates, as for Rhodocyclus-related PAO, and its identity is still unknown. Growth and uptake of Pi took place in the presence of oxygen and nitrate but not nitrite, indicating a lack of denitrifying ability. A survey of the occurrence of these actinobacterial PAO in 10 full-scale EBPR plants revealed that both morphotypes were widely present, and in several plants more abundant than the Rhodocyclus-related PAO, thus playing a very important role in the EBPR process.
Highly efficient (infra)red conversion of InGaN light emitting diodes by nanocrystals, enhanced by colour selective mirrors (2008)

Colloidal nanocrystal layers deposited onto the enclosure of InGaN light emitting diodes are demonstrated to operate as nano-phosphors for colour conversion with high colour stability. Depending on the choice of the nanocrystal material (either CdSe/ZnS or PbS nanocrystals are applied), the diode emission at 470 nm is converted to red or to infrared light, with similar quantum efficiencies. The colour conversion is further improved by dielectric mirrors with high reflectivity at the emission band of the nanocrystals, resulting in an almost doubling of the nanocrystal light extraction from the devices, which increases the nanocrystal device efficiency up to 19.1%.
Betriebliche Ergebnis- und Erfolgsbeteiligungssysteme / Vermögensbildung (1979)

Wir können im Prinzip mehrere Stufen von erfolgs- und leistungsabhängigen Sondervergütungen unterscheiden:
Overexpression of CUG Triplet Repeat-binding Protein, CUGBP1, in Mice Inhibits Myogenesis (2004)

Accumulation of RNA CUG repeats in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients leads to the induction of a CUG-binding protein, CUGBP1, which increases translation of several proteins that are required for myogenesis. In this paper, we examine the role of overexpression of CUGBP1 in DM1 muscle pathology using transgenic mice that overexpress CUGBP1 in skeletal muscle. Our data demonstrate that the elevation of CUGBP1 in skeletal muscle causes overexpression of MEF2A and p21 to levels that are significantly higher than those in skeletal muscle of wild type animals. A similar induction of these proteins is observed in skeletal muscle of DM1 patients with increased levels of CUGBP1. Immunohistological analysis showed that the skeletal muscle from mice overexpressing CUGBP1 is characterized by a developmental delay, muscular dystrophy, and myofiber-type switch: increase of slow/oxidative fibers and the reduction of fast fibers. Examination of molecular mechanisms by which CUGBP1 up-regulates MEF2A shows that CUGBP1 increases translation of MEF2A via direct interaction with GCN repeats located within MEF2A mRNA. Our data suggest that CUGBP1-mediated overexpression of MEF2A and p21 inhibits myogenesis and contributes to the development of muscle deficiency in DM1 patients.
Computing Gradient Vector and Jacobian Matrix in Arbitrarily Connected Neural Networks (2008)

This paper describes a new algorithm with neuron-by-neuron computation methods for the gradient vector and the Jacobian matrix. The algorithm can handle networks with arbitrarily connected neurons. The training speed is comparable with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, which is currently considered by many as the fastest algorithm for neural network training. More importantly, it is shown that the computation of the Jacobian, which is required for second-order algorithms, has a similar computation complexity as the computation of the gradient for first-order learning methods. This new algorithm is implemented in the newly developed software, Neural Network Trainer, which has unique capabilities of handling arbitrarily connected networks. These networks with connections across layers can be more efficient than commonly used multilayer perceptron networks.
Aluminum tolerance in maize is associated with higher <i>MATE1</i> gene copy number (2013)

Genome structure variation, including copy number variation and presence/absence variation, comprises a large extent of maize genetic diversity; however, its effect on phenotypes remains largely unexplored. Here, we describe how copy number variation underlies a rare allele that contributes to maize aluminum (Al) tolerance. Al toxicity is the primary limitation for crop production on acid soils, which make up 50% of the world's potentially arable lands. In a recombinant inbred line mapping population, copy number variation of the Al tolerance gene multidrug and toxic compound extrusion 1 (MATE1) is the basis for the quantitative trait locus of largest effect on phenotypic variation. This expansion in MATE1 copy number is associated with higher MATE1 expression, which in turn results in superior Al tolerance. The three MATE1 copies are identical and are part of a tandem triplication. Only three maize inbred lines carrying the three-copy allele were identified from maize and teosinte diversity panels, indicating that copy number variation for MATE1 is a rare, and quite likely recent, event. These maize lines with higher MATE1 copy number are also Al-tolerant, have high MATE1 expression, and originate from regions of highly acidic soils. Our findings show a role for copy number variation in the adaptation of maize to acidic soils in the tropics and suggest that genome structural changes may be a rapid evolutionary response to new environments.
Site-directed Mutagenesis within an Ectoplasmic ATPase Consensus Sequence Abrogates the Cell Aggregating Properties of the Rat Liver Canalicular Bile Acid Transporter/Ecto-ATPase/Cell CAM 105 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (1996)

Recent studies of the rat liver canalicular bile acid transporter/ecto-ATPase/cell CAM 105 (CBATP), a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) supergene family, indicate that it is a multifunctional protein possessing bile acid efflux, ecto-ATPase, and intercellular aggregating properties. Cheung et al. (Cheung, P. H., Luo, W., Qiu, Y., Zhang, K. E., Millron, P., Lin, S. H. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 24303-24310) have shown that the amino-terminal Ig V-like domain of this protein is required for its aggregating properties, much like the homologous amino-terminal domain of CEA is required for its aggregating properties. The amino-terminal domains of both CBATP and CEA include a consensus ATPase sequence. Site-directed mutagenesis within this ATPase consensus sequence completely eliminates the ecto-ATPase activity of CBATP (Sippel, C. J., McCollum, M., Perlmutter, D. H. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 2820-2826). In this study we examined the possibility that it is this ATPase consensus sequence which is required for the cell aggregating properties of CBATP and CEA and whether there is a relationship between ATPase, aggregating, and bile acid efflux activities. For this we used a baculovirus vector to express in Sf9 cells wild type as well as mutant and chimeric CBATP and CEA molecules. The results indicate that Arg-98 in the ATPase consensus sequence of CBATP and the corresponding residue of CEA are essential for the aggregating properties of these molecules. Moreover Arg-98 is essential for CBATP to interact with itself, CEA to interact with itself, and CBATP to interact with CEA. However, the role of Arg-98 in aggregation is distinct from its role in ecto-ATPase activity and the aggregating properties cannot be attributed to a change in ATP metabolism in the pericellular milieu.
Stage-specific uptake of apolipoprotein-B in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy (1998)

A monoclonal antibody (mAb), HCL-2, was raised which reacts with apolipoprotein-B, and it was shown by immunohistology that HCL-2 can be used to analyse the uptake of apolipoprotein-B by steroid-producing cells in vivo. In this study we have investigated the dynamic utilization of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in human ovary by immunohistological localization of apolipoprotein-B and LDL receptors using HCL-2 and anti-LDL receptor mAb. In antral follicles, including those of <1 mm in diameter, both apolipoprotein-B and LDL receptors were localized to theca interna cells, but not granulosa cells. In pre-ovulatory follicles, the LDL receptor was expressed on all granulosa cells. Apolipoprotein-B was also detected in granulosa cells located at the basal layer, suggesting that they utilize LDL through the basal lamina before ovulation. In mid-luteal phase, large luteal cells seemed to stain more intensely for apolipoprotein-B than did small luteal cells, suggesting that large lutal cells are the main sites of LDL utilization. In regressing corpora lutea, the expression of LDL receptor was weak, and apolipoprotein-B was rarely detected. In corpora lutea of early pregnancy, LDL receptor and apolipoprotein-B were localized to both luteal cells. These findings show the precise dynamic changes in LDL uptake by human ovarian cells during their differentiation in vivo.
A reverse-type sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies to Borna disease virus (1997)

To investigate whether there is an epidemiological correlation between Borna disease virus (BDV) infection and human neuropsychiatric diseases, we established a reverse-type sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (RS-ELISA) for detecting specific antibodies to BDV. In this assay, microplate wells were coated dispersely with BDV p40 antigen, followed by the addition of test samples at a low dilution and then the biotinylated p40. A preformed complex of streptavidin and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated biotin and an enzyme substrate were used to measure the captured biotinylated p40. Theoretically, RS-ELISA should specifically detect anti-BDV antibodies without nonspecific signals; such signals possibly occur in conventional serological assays. Additionally, the RS-ELISA could be applied under the same protocols to test samples from a variety of animals. By using anti-BDV rat and rabbit sera, the assay was standardized so that it had high specificity and sensitivity. When we used the RS-ELISA to determine the presence of anti-BDV antibodies in plasma from 70 patients with chronic schizophrenia as well as 40 healthy individuals in the Tokyo area of Japan, no plasma sample was found to possess specific antibodies to BDV p40, indicating no association between BDV infection and the disease in our testing population. A negative reaction was also shown for the sera that had previously been judged to be seropositive for BDV by an immunofluorescence or immunoblot test. These findings suggested that false-positive cases of infection due to nonspecific reactions may be included in previous seroepidemiological information with regard to BDV.
Variation-Aware Aging Analysis in Digital ICs (2012)

As CMOS devices become smaller, the process variations (PVs) and aging variations (AVs) become major issues for circuit reliability and yield. In this paper, we analyze the effects of PVs on aging effects such as hot carrier injection (HCI) and negative bias temperature instability (NBTI). Using Monte Carlo-based transistor-level simulations including principal component analysis, the correlations between PVs and AVs are considered, by which the accuracy of analysis is improved (1.2% for standard deviation and 1.7% for Vth <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">99%</sub> ) compared to other methods that ignore the correlations, especially in the smaller technology. In addition, we perform regression analysis with various models to improve the efficiency of variation-aware aging analysis. All models show an error rate about 1% for NBTI, and quadratic and custom models show an error rate of about 10% on average for HCI.