gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>SAR image-formation algorithm that compensates for the spatially variant effects of antenna motion</title> (1994)

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) obtains azimuth resolution by combining data from a number of points along a specified path. Uncompensated antenna motion that deviates significantly from the desired path produces spatially-variant errors in the output image. The algorithm presented in this paper corrects many of these motion-related errors. In this respect, it is similar to time-domain convolution, but it is more computationally efficient. The algorithm uses overlapped subapertures in a three- step image-formation process: course-resolution azimuth processing, fine-resolution range processing, and fine-resolution azimuth processing. Range migration is corrected after the first stage, based on coarse azimuth position. Prior to the final azimuth-compression step, data coordinates are determined to fine resolution in range and coarse resolution in azimuth. This coordinate information is combined with measured motion data to generate a phase correction that removes spatially-variant errors. The algorithm is well-suited for real-time applications, particularly where large flight-path deviations must be tolerated.
Monochloroborane-methyl sulfide, H2BCl.S(CH3)2, and dichloroborane-methyl sulfide, HBCl2.S(CH3)2, as new stable hydroborating agents with high regiospecificity (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonochloroborane-methyl sulfide, H2BCl.S(CH3)2, and dichloroborane-methyl sulfide, HBCl2.S(CH3)2, as new stable hydroborating agents with high regiospecificityHerbert C. Brown and N. RavindranCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 14, 2533–2534Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00434a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00434a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views422Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Roles of Tyrosine-Rich Precursor Glycoproteins and Dityrosine- and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-Mediated Protein Cross-Linking in Development of the Oocyst Wall in the Coccidian Parasite <i>Eimeria maxima</i> (2003)

The oocyst wall of apicomplexan parasites protects them from the harsh external environment, preserving their survival prior to transmission to the next host. If oocyst wall formation could be disrupted, then logically, the cycle of disease transmission could be stopped, and strategies to control infection by several organisms of medical and veterinary importance such as Eimeria, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cyclospora, and Neospora could be developed. Here, we show that two tyrosine-rich precursor glycoproteins, gam56 and gam82, found in specialized organelles (wall-forming bodies) in the sexual stage (macrogamete) of Eimeria maxima are proteolytically processed into smaller glycoproteins, which are then incorporated into the developing oocyst wall. The identification of high concentrations of dityrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in oocyst extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography, together with the detection of a UV autofluorescence in intact oocysts, implicates dityrosine- and possibly DOPA-protein cross-links in oocyst wall hardening. In addition, the identification of peroxidase activity in the wall-forming bodies of macrogametes supports the hypothesis that dityrosine- and DOPA-mediated cross-linking might be an enzyme-catalyzed event. As such, the mechanism of oocyst wall formation in Eimeria, is analogous to the underlying mechanisms involved in the stabilization of extracellular matrices in a number of organisms, widely distributed in nature, including insect resilin, nematode cuticles, yeast cell walls, mussel byssal threads, and sea urchin fertilization membranes.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Hydroxymethylation of Indoles and Synthesis of Ascorbigens. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Solid Dispersion: An Alternative Technique for Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs (2009)

Formulation of solid dispersion in water-soluble carriers has been widely researched over the past four decades for solubility and related bioavailability enhancement. Despite 40 years of active research, there has not been much products in market based on this technique. The main reason for this being stability and scale up problems associated with this method, as reported by several authors. Strategies used for overcoming these problems and factors affecting formation of solid dispersion such as glass transition temperature and interaction of drug with polymer have been dealt conceptually in this review. The advent of surface-active carriers such as Gelucires, Poloxamers, and lipid-based carriers has given a new dimension for the successful development of solid dispersions by combating the problems associated with stability and also giving products with enhanced dissolution rate. Therefore, the article also discusses properties of such carriers that are being unraveled lately for formulation of solid dispersion. Characterization of solid dispersion to detect the change from crystalline to amorphous states and vice versa is an important tool for its formulation and determination of stability; thus, all the methods that are available for characterizations are discussed in this article with emphasis on the principle of the technique and its application.
Localization of Superradiance near a Photonic Band Gap (1995)

We describe collective spontaneous emission of $N$ two-level atoms placed within a photonic band-gap material. When the atomic resonance frequency lies at the band edge, superradiant emission remains localized in the vicinity of the atoms. This leads to a steady state with spontaneously broken symmetry in which the atomic system acquires a macroscopic polarization. The superradiant decay rate is proportional to ${N}^{2/3}$ and ${N}^{2}$ for isotropic and anisotropic 3D band gaps, respectively. The corresponding peak intensity of superradiance is proportional to ${N}^{5/3}$ and ${N}^{3}$, respectively.
La extinción del contrato por absentismo: productividad empresarial versus derechos constitucionales reconocidos al trabajador (2020)

La reforma de la causa de extincion del contrato por ausencias del trabajador que se preve en el art. 52 d) ET que se llevo a cabo mediante la reforma laboral de 2012 enseguida levanto fuertes criticas por considerarse que la misma se oponia a lo previsto en la Constitucion Espanola y, muy especialmente, al derecho a la integridad fisica (art. 15 CE), a la salud (art. 40.2 CE) y al trabajo (art. 35.1 CE). En este contexto de dudas sobre la constitucionalidad del art. 52 d) ET se incardina la Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional 118/2019, de 16 de octubre, que procede a desestimar, sin excepcion, los diferentes motivos de inconstitucionalidad que se acaban de exponer. Ahora bien, dicha sentencia no se dicta de forma unanime, sino que, por el contrario, la misma contiene diferentes votos particulares, en los que participan cuatro magistrados, que discrepan energicamente del fallo mayoritario, al considerar que el art. 52 d) ET si vulnera diferentes derechos reconocidos constitucionalmente, ya sea el derecho a la integridad fisica y salud de los trabajadores (arts. 15 y 43.1 ET), el derecho al trabajo de los mismos (art. 35.1 CE) e, incluso, su derecho a la igualdad y a la no discriminacion (art. 14 CE). En este trabajo se analizan, precisamente, los razonamientos empleados por la mayoria de los magistrados para justificar el fallo de la sentencia, asi como tambien, los argumentos contenidos en los votos particulares que la misma contiene, que permiten a los magistrados que los emiten llegar a conclusiones tan dispares.
C# in a nutshell : a desktop quick reference (2003)

With the incorporation of polyampholytic segments into soft matter, hydrogels can serve as a reservoir for a variety of charged molecules which can be caught and released upon changes in pH value. Asymmetric block extension of one arm for star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol) [PEG<sub>26</sub> -SH]<sub>4</sub> using short segments of polyampholytic poly(dehydroalanine) (PDha) is herein demonstrated while maintaining the functional thiol end groups for network formation. For subsequent hydrogel synthesis with up to 10 wt.% PDha a straightforward and biocompatible photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction is exploited. The investigation of the swelling properties of the hydrogel revealed responsive behavior toward ionic strength and variations in pH value. Moreover, the reversible adsorption of the model dyes methylene blue (MB) and acid orange 7 (AO7) is investigated by UV-vis measurements and the procedure can be successfully transferred to the adsorption of the adhesion peptide RGDS resulting in an uptake of 1.5 wt% RGDS with regard to the dry weight of the hydrogel.
Bootstrapping in a language learning environment (2003)

Abstract This paper addresses a fundamental dilemma in the design of intelligent language learning environments: the more freedom a system offers to learners in the use of the target language, the more unwieldy the data is which the learners produce and the less able the system is to support inferences about learners from that data. It is shown how in a platform where learners and teachers interact, the teachers' feedback which is archived in the system and indexed to the learners' target language production can constitute affordances that support a process of bootstrapping from raw language output to potential insights into the learners' interlanguage and gaps in their grasp of the target language. The approach is illustrated with three types of learner errors uncovered in the corpus of learner English through this bootstrapping heuristic.
MicroRNAs associated with the development of kidney diseases in humans and animals (2017)

Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs with approximately 18-25 bases, and their sequences are highly conserved among animals. miRNAs act as posttranscriptional regulators by binding mRNAs, and their main function involves the degradation of their target mRNAs. Recent studies revealed altered expression of miRNAs in the kidneys during the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans and experimental rodent models by using high-throughput screening techniques including microarray and small RNA sequencing. Particularly, miR-21 seems to be strongly associated with renal pathogenesis both in the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium. Furthermore, abundant evidence has been gathered showing the involvement of miRNAs in renal fibrosis. Because of the complex morphofunctional organization of the mammalian kidneys, it is crucial both to determine the exact localization of the kidney cells that express the miRNAs, which has been addressed mainly using <i>in situ</i> hybridization methods, and to identify precisely which mRNAs are bound and degraded by these miRNAs, which has been studied mostly through <i>in vitro</i> analysis. To discover novel biomarker candidates, miRNA levels in urine supernatant, sediment, and exosomal fraction were comprehensively investigated in different types of kidney disease, including drug-induced AKI, ischemia-induced AKI, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA nephropathy. Recent studies also demonstrated the therapeutic effect of miRNA and/or anti-miRNA administrations. The intent of this review is to illustrate the state-of-the-art research in the field of miRNAs associated with renal pathogenesis, especially focusing on AKI and CKD in humans and animal models.
Increased ratio of neutrophil elastase to <i>α</i>1‐antitrypsin is closely associated with liver inflammation in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (2015)

An imbalance between neutrophil elastase (NE) and its inhibitor α1-antitrypsin (A1 AT) is known to contribute to the development of obesity-related inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role of the NE-A1 AT system in the histological progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to evaluate the ability of it to predict nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A total of 252 adults (NAFLD group, n = 202; healthy group, n = 50) were recruited. Clinical biochemical characteristics, NE and A1 AT concentrations were measured in all subjects. Among the NAFLD group, 86 patients had previously undergone liver biopsy and information on histological characteristics was consequently available. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to determine the predictive accuracy of the NE-A1 AT system for NASH. NAFLD patients had an elevated serum NE concentration and a reduced A1 AT level with consequent NE/A1 AT imbalance. NE increased in the early stage of steatosis, preceding the decline in A1 AT, dating from the onset of NASH (NAS 3-4), and subsequently NE/A1 AT increased in the presence of NASH. Nonetheless, this increase began to resolve as the disease state progressed to advanced fibrosis. A1 AT had a sensitivity (SEN) of 83.8% and a specificity (SP) of 83.3% with the optimal cut-off of -1459.43, NE/A1 AT had a SEN of 88.8% and a SP of 83.3% with cut-off of 0.363 to predict NASH. An increased NE: A1 AT ratio is closely associated with liver Inflammation in patients with NASH and could serve as a novel marker to predict NASH in humans.
One-Step Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Plasma Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (1997)

To allow a more rapid determination of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) concentration in plasma a direct non-competitive (sandwich-type) ELISA was developed which uses high-affinity monoclonal antibodies to FABP. Total performance time of the one-step immunoassay is 45 min. The standard curve was linear between 0.2-6 micrograms/L, and the within-run and between-run coefficients of variations were below 6 and 11%, respectively. The serum FABP concentration measured in 79 healthy individuals was 1.6 (0.8) [mean (SD), range 0.3-5.0] micrograms/L. The assay can be used for rapid plasma or serum FABP measurement in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
[Effect of paeoniflorin on hepatic immunopathogenesis in mice with Schistosoma japonicum infection]. (2008)

Paeoniflorin can significantly reduce hepatic granuloma formation and fibrosis due to schistosome eggs, and decrease the expression of TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA in mice when it is given before praziquantel administration, which may associate with the activation of hepatic stellate cells and the expression of TGF-beta1 in liver tissue.
Asymmetric memory hierarchies (1973)

A study is presented of some of the system implications of memory hierarchies in which the backing or secondary store has a very small read time, relative to both the time required for writing and to the read time of conventional backing storage devices. Several analytic models are introduced, and it is shown that such hierarchies may operate in ways which differ from those of more conventional hierarchies. In particular, it is shown that it may not be necessary to multiprogram in such a situation. In the past, backing storage devices have been roughly symmetric with respect to their read and write times. This situation may not continue, as several devices are currently under development which may have a very small read-time/write-time ratio. This study places particular emphasis on one such system—the RCA read/write holographic optical memory.
Provably Safe Conflict Resolution With Bounded Turn Rate for Air Traffic Control (2013)

This brief presents a decoupled conflict resolution procedure (CRP) for en route air traffic control. The key concept is to split the main routes into multiple paths, which results in larger spacing between aircraft for enabling conflict-free intersections. These paths are then merged back into the original route to avoid additional conflicts in the region beyond the local space needed for the CRP. The main contribution of this brief is the development of CRPs that bound the heading change (turn) rate to account for limitations arising from aircraft turn dynamics. The proposed decoupled CRPs satisfy conditions for guaranteed safety (i.e., are provably safe) and do not lead to flow-capacity loss in either of the intersecting routes. Moreover, the impact of including the bounded turn-rate limitation is studied, and issues in the applicability of the proposed CRP are illustrated.
Effect of Plant Population and Planting Date on Root and Starch Production of Buffalo Gourd Grown as an Annual1 (1983)

Abstract The buffalo gourd ( Cucurbita foetidissima HBK) produced root yields as high as 34,550 kg/ha with a root starch content of 63.5% on a dry weight basis at a 920-m elevation site. A quadratic relation between root yield and plant population showed maximum yield at 550,000 plants/ha. No clear relation was observed between root starch content and plant population. An April planting resulted in higher root and starch yields than a July planting, at a 370-m elevation site. Vine growth appeared to be restricted when maximum air temperatures were above 40°C.
A pH-sensitive Modified Polyacrylamide Hydrogel (2006)

pH 敏感的修改 polyacrylamide 水疗院胶化被二步准备，修改 polyacrylamide 被 ~ 1HNMR 光谱描绘。水疗院胶化的表面形态学 ands welling 行为被调查。
The teacher who didn’t Playfair (1974)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Adaptive filters for real-time system identification and control (1996)

An adaptive  lter or a neural network concept has been used to develop an algorithmfor real-time system identi cation and control. The algorithmpermits not only identi cation of transfer functions of linear structural systems but also extraction of modal parameters such as natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shape coef cients in real time. Because the algorithm is capable of identifying a single mode at a time, bandpass  lters are employed to make it work properly for systems with multiplemodes. The algorithmhas been implemented in a digital signal processor-based data acquisition and control system for the system identi cation and control experiments with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory space truss. It was experimentally demonstrated that the algorithmwas capable of identifying modal parameters of the truss accurately by using a truss tip-mounted accelerometer as a sensor and a piezoceramic active strut as a disturbance source. The algorithmwas also successfully employed to conduct active vibration suppression and performance monitoring of the feedback controller by using the active strut and a collocated force transducer.
Self-paced co-training (2017)

© 2017 by the author(s). Co-training is a well-known semi-supervised learning approach which trains classifiers on two different views and exchanges labels of unlabeled instances in an iterative way. During co-training process, labels of unlabeled instances in the training pool are very likely to be false especially in the initial training rounds, while the standard co-training algorithm utilizes a "draw without replacement" manner and does not remove these false labeled instances from training. This issue not only tends to degenerate its performance but also hampers its fundamental theory. Besides, there is no optimization model to explain what objective a co-training process optimizes. To these issues, in this study we design a new co-training algorithm named self-paced co-training (SPaCo) with a "draw with replacement" learning mode. The rationality of SPaCo can be proved under theoretical assumptions utilized in traditional co-training research, and furthermore, the algorithm exactly complies with the alternative optimization process for an optimization model of self-paced curriculum learning, which can be finely explained in robust learning manner. Experimental results substantiate the superiority of the proposed method as compared with current state-of-the-art co-training methods.
The nonlinear pressure field of a plane circular piston: Theory and experiment (1988)

The measured nearfield pressure levels of a plane circular piston are compared with a numerical solution of the parabolic approximation to the nonlinear wave equation under conditions of high nonlinearity (100 kPa at the piston face). The solution allows for nonlinearity, diffraction, and absorption in continuous wave pressure fields. The measurements were made in water, using a transducer (38-mm diameter) driven at 2.25 MHz and a 1-mm-diam membrane hydrophone. Comparisons are made along and across the acoustic axis for the amplitudes of the fundamental, second, and third harmonics and the phases of the second and third harmonics. Good agreement is shown between experiment and theory within the known limitations of both.
Electrodeposition of porous graphene networks on nickel foams as supercapacitor electrodes with high capacitance and remarkable cyclic stability (2014)

82.47.Uv (Electrochemical capacitors); 82.45.Fk (Electrodes electrochemistry); 81.05.Rm (Fabrication of porous materials).
In Vitro Studies on Thioether Bond Formation between Hydrogenobacter thermophilus Apocytochrome c552 with Metalloprotoporphyrin Derivatives (2004)

Previously, in vitro formation of thioether bonds between Hydrogenobacter thermophilus apocytochrome c(552) and Fe-protoporphyrin IX has been demonstrated. Now we report studies on the reaction between the metalloderivatives Zn-, Co-, and Mn-protoporphyrin IX and the cysteine thiols of H. thermophilus apocytochrome c(552). All of these metalloporphyrins were capable of forming a "b-type cytochrome" state in which the hydrophobic prosthetic group is bound non-covalently. Zn(II)-protoporphyrin IX attached to the polypeptide covalently in the presence of either dithiothreitol or tri(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine to keep the thiol moieties reduced. These data show that the chemical nature of the thiol-reducing agent does not interfere with the thioether bond-forming mechanism. Mn-porphyrin could only react with the protein in the divalent state of the metal ion. Co-porphyrin did not react with the cysteine thiols of the apocytochrome in either oxidation state of the metal. In the absence of a metal (i.e. protoporphyrin IX itself), no reactivity toward apocytochrome is observed. These results have significant implications for the chemical requirements for thioether bond formation of heme vinyl groups to cysteine thiols and also have potential applications in de novo design of metalloproteins.