gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monitoring hydraulic fracturing using distributed acoustic sensing in a treatment well (2014)

Summary Monitoring hydraulic fracturing is important for optimizing well-completion and well-spacing. Monitoring efforts, so far, are limited to observing micro-seismic activity, shear-wave shadowing and velocity changes from a neighboring monitoring well. The advent of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) has allowed us to monitor changes from the treatment well itself. We describe a novel active-source seismic experiment with DAS in a treatment well and discuss time-lapse changes due to hydraulic fracturing. We observe amplification and attenuation of direct P-waves above and below the plug for each stage, respectively. These strong time-lapse changes appear to be long-lived, at least over a period of 10 days. The time-lapse phase changes are small and hard to interpret. We believe that the amplification in the stimulated zone is related to formation changes and the attenuation is probably related to fiber coupling changes. Though the current geometry is not ideal, DAS is promising for hydraulic fracture monitoring.
Recent advances in the development of high average power induction accelerators for industrial and environmental applications (1994)

Short-pulse accelerator technology developed during the early 1960`s through the late 1980`s is being extended to high average power systems capable of use in industrial and environmental applications. Processes requiring high dose levels and/or high volume throughput will require systems with beam power levels from several hundreds of kilowatts to megawatts. Beam accelerating potentials can range from less than 1 MeV to as much as 10 MeV depending on the type of beam, depth of penetration required, and the density of the product being treated. This paper addresses the present status of a family of high average power systems, with output beam power levels up to 200 kW, now in operation that use saturable core switches to achieve output pulse widths of 50 to 80 nanoseconds. Inductive adders and field emission cathodes are used to generate beams of electrons or x-rays at up to 2.5 MeV over areas of 1000 cm{sup 2}. Similar high average power technology is being used at {le} 1 MeV to drive repetitive ion beam sources for treatment of material surfaces over 100`s of cm{sup 2}.
Connecting modalities: Semi-supervised segmentation and annotation of images using unaligned text corpora (2010)

We propose a semi-supervised model which segments and annotates images using very few labeled images and a large unaligned text corpus to relate image regions to text labels. Given photos of a sports event, all that is necessary to provide a pixel-level labeling of objects and background is a set of newspaper articles about this sport and one to five labeled images. Our model is motivated by the observation that words in text corpora share certain context and feature similarities with visual objects. We describe images using visual words, a new region-based representation. The proposed model is based on kernelized canonical correlation analysis which finds a mapping between visual and textual words by projecting them into a latent meaning space. Kernels are derived from context and adjective features inside the respective visual and textual domains. We apply our method to a challenging dataset and rely on articles of the New York Times for textual features. Our model outperforms the state-of-the-art in annotation. In segmentation it compares favorably with other methods that use significantly more labeled training data.
Evolution of Hepatic Steatosis to Fibrosis and Adenoma Formation in Liver-Specific Growth Hormone Receptor Knockout Mice (2014)

Abrogation of GH signaling in male liver leads to metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, increased inflammation and fibrosis, and development of hepatic tumor. Since obesity, a common precursor of NAFLD, is a state of deficient GH secretion and action, the GHRLD model could be used to unravel the contribution of compromised hepatic GH signaling in these pathological processes, and help to identify potential targets for intervention.
Cloud Server Software Design of Street Light Management System (2017)

By studying the management status and power consumption status of street light system, put forward a management way which can save energy again based on energy-saving lights, and have designed cloud server software that can apply to the street light management system. Cell phone management terminal can command street light terminal. It can realize the remote control of a street light in regulating power, monitor running status of lights in real-time by having fixed IP address and port number of the cloud. This system can realize intelligent control of street light and also can save a lot of energy, so human resources and financial resources would be greatly reduced.
Macrophage signaling in HIV-1 infection (2010)

The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a member of the lentivirus genus. The virus does not rely exclusively on the host cell machinery, but also on viral proteins that act as molecular switches during the viral life cycle which play significant functions in viral pathogenesis, notably by modulating cell signaling. The role of HIV-1 proteins (Nef, Tat, Vpr, and gp120) in modulating macrophage signaling has been recently unveiled. Accessory, regulatory, and structural HIV-1 proteins interact with signaling pathways in infected macrophages. In addition, exogenous Nef, Tat, Vpr, and gp120 proteins have been detected in the serum of HIV-1 infected patients. Possibly, these proteins are released by infected/apoptotic cells. Exogenous accessory regulatory HIV-1 proteins are able to enter macrophages and modulate cellular machineries including those that affect viral transcription. Furthermore HIV-1 proteins, e.g., gp120, may exert their effects by interacting with cell surface membrane receptors, especially chemokine co-receptors. By activating the signaling pathways such as NF-kappaB, MAP kinase (MAPK) and JAK/STAT, HIV-1 proteins promote viral replication by stimulating transcription from the long terminal repeat (LTR) in infected macrophages; they are also involved in macrophage-mediated bystander T cell apoptosis. The role of HIV-1 proteins in the modulation of macrophage signaling will be discussed in regard to the formation of viral reservoirs and macrophage-mediated T cell apoptosis during HIV-1 infection.
The potential to induce glial differentiation is conserved between<i>Drosophila</i>and mammalian glial cells missing genes (2003)

Drosophila glial cells missing (gcm) is a key gene that determines the fate of stem cells within the nervous system. Two mouse gcm homologs have been identified, but their function in the nervous system remains to be elucidated. To investigate their function, we constructed retroviral vectors harboring Drosophila gcm and two mouse Gcm genes. Expression of these genes appeared to influence fibroblast features. In particular, mouse Gcm1 induced the expression of astrocyte-specific Ca(2+)-binding protein, S100beta, in those cells. Introduction of the mouse Gcm1 gene in cultured cells from embryonic brains resulted in the induction of an astrocyte lineage. This effect was also observed by in utero injection of retrovirus harboring mouse Gcm1 into the embryonic brain. However, cultures from mouse Gcm1-deficient mouse brains did not exhibit significant reductions in the number of astrocytes. Furthermore, in situ hybridization analysis of mouse Gcm1 mRNA revealed distinct patterns of expression in comparison with other well-known glial markers. The mammalian homolog of Drosophila gcm, mouse Gcm1, exhibits the potential to induce gliogenesis, but may function in the generation of a minor subpopulation of glial cells.
Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes by the Catalysis of Polymer Metal Complex on Porous Al203 Matrix (2001)

At present, synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is normally conducted on a vapor-to-solid interface at ca. 500-3500℃ via various vapor phase methods, such as are discharge, laser ablation, catalytic pyrolysis and chemical vapor deposition, etc.1-2 Recently, channel materials (such as channels of alumina and of AlPO4-5 zeolite) 3 have been utilized as solid-state templates to grow CNTs inside the channel. Here we described a novel method to prepare the carbon nanotubes based on the decomposition of C2H2 gas on the Co-Ni catalyst anchored by polymer complex on the porous A12O3 matrix. The degree of graphitization of synthesized CNTs and catalysts are of great interest.
Lactide polymerization by well-defined calcium coordination complexes: comparisons with related magnesium and zinc chemistry (2002)

Amide and alkoxide coordination complexes of calcium supported by beta-diiminato and bulky trispyrazolylborate complexes are reported together with their activity in lactide ring-opening polymerization; some are amongst the most active systems discovered to date.
Characterization of single levitated droplets by Raman spectroscopy (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of single levitated droplets by Raman spectroscopyRichard E. Preston, Thomas R. Lettieri, and Hratch G. SemerjianCite this: Langmuir 1985, 1, 3, 365–367Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00063a018https://doi.org/10.1021/la00063a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sarcoid heart disease--results of follow-up investigations (1991)

52 patients thought to have sarcoid heart involvement have been followed up. By administration of a standardized glucocorticoid therapy we demonstrated improvement of patients' symptoms, ECG disturbances, thallium scan defects of left heart muscle and there was 60-70% regression of pulmonary sarcoidosis. There was a low death rate. We conclude that our diagnostic measures are reliable, and that glucocorticoid therapy is efficacious in the early stages of the disease.
A New Out-of-Step Relay with Rate of Change of Apparent Resistance Augmentation (1983)

A new concept in out-of-step protective relaying that has several advantages over conventional out-of-step relaying is developed. The technique involves augmenting apparent impedance or apparent resistance based control with computed rate of change of apparent impedance or resistance. By use of appropriate control laws plus adaptive features, a relay which can be set closer to stability limits is obtained.
Functional MR Imaging of Working Memory in the Human Brain (2000)

The prefrontal cortex is activated by two stimulation tasks, and this is related to the function of the central executive. The language areas activated by the verbal working memory task may be a function of the phonological loop. Bilateral prefrontal and superior parietal cortices activated by the visual working memory task may be related to the visual maintenance of objects, representing visual working memory.
Skew angle and its effects on Gb/in/sup 2/ density magnetic recording (1996)

This paper reports results of experimental investigations on the relationship between skew angle and achievable recording density. Work is focused on bit density, track density and error rate aspects. The obtained results indicate that large skew angle reduces achievable bit density of both near-isotropic and orientated media. Increased skew angle also increases bit-shift value, therefore reducing applicable recording density from a reliability viewpoint. However, increased skew angle can support higher track density, as the effective track width and the writing interference are reduced when the skew angle is large. For certain head-disk integration, the width of the erase profile can reduce at a faster rate compared with the width of the track profile.
Guar meal in diets for broiler chickens (1982)

1. In two experiments each involving 2 000 Ross 1 broiler chickens in floor pens from 0 to 56 d of age, the effects of including guar meal at 50, 100 or 150 g/kg of the diet were investigated. 2. During the 0 to 28‐d period diets containing 50 or 100 g guar meal/kg supported only 85 and 69%, respectively, of the growth supported by the control diet, whereas during 28 to 56 d, birds fed on diets containing 100 or 150 g guar meal/kg gained 90 and 86% of the weight gained by control birds. 3. Neither toasting the meal, steam pelleting diets containing the meal nor supplementing these diets with 5 g methionine/kg had any appreciable effect on performance. 4. Addition of either of two enzyme preparations, MKC hemicellulase or betaganase M, improved growth; birds receiving 100 or 150 g guar meal/kg gaining 96 and 89%, respectively, of the weight gained by control birds from 28 to 56 d of age.
Network congestion control (2011)

The increase in usage of smart phones and extension of wireless technology to non-human interactions (e.g., Machine to machine communications) has made avoidance and recovery from congestion a priority, both for network operators and network vendors. With the advent of 4G, which provides higher data rate and new age applications like video, user plane congestion in Radio and backhaul is possible. With applications like machine to machine communications, the signaling load on the network can also increase exponentially. Therefore both User plane and Control Plane congestion needs to be addressed.
Chemotaxis induced by heat-killed K. pneumoniae and its modulation by carrageenan. (1990)

In this study, chemotactic activity of heat-killed K. pneumoniae DT-S and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of this strain were investigated in mice pleurisy model. Intrapleural inoculation of heat-killed K. pneumoniae DT-S in carrageenan pretreated mice caused more significant neutrophil accumulation than in control mice. This amplified neutrophil accumulation in carrageenan pretreated mice was mainly induced by LPS of heat-killed K. pneumoniae DT-S. Carrageenan pretreated pleural macrophages produced more marked interleukin-1 (IL-1) than control pleural macrophages when stimulated with LPS of K. pneumoniae DT-S. In contrast, CPS induced little IL-1 production even in carrageenan pretreated pleural macrophages and this IL-1 production may be induced by LPS contaminated in CPS of K. pneumoniae DT-S, because polymyxin-B treatment completely inhibited this IL-1 production of CPS in carrageenan pretreated pleural macrophages. Interestingly, there were no IL-1 inducing effects on CPS of K. pneumoniae DT-S in control pleural macrophages.The results of this study indicated that carrageenan, usually known as antimacrophage agents, caused pleural macrophages to secrete marked IL-1 after stimulation with LPS of K. pneumoniae DT-S. It is considered that this amplified IL-1 production of carrageenan pretreated pleural macrophages in response to LPS, not to CPS, play an important role in neutrophil accumulation on K. pneumoniae DT-S infection.
The peak-hopper: a new end-to-end retransmission timer for reliable unicast transport (2005)

We analyze the RTO algorithm standardized for TCP and SCTP (V. Paxon et al., 2000) that is widely deployed in the Internet, referred to as the RFC2988-RTO in this paper. We briefly demonstrate three well-known problems of the RFC2988-RTO. We then develop a new RTO algorithm called the peak-hopper-RTO (PH-RTO) that eliminates the mentioned problems. Through extensive simulations in ns2, we evaluate the effectiveness of both RTO algorithms. The key advantage of the PH-RTO over the RFC2988-RTO is its predictability. Although the RFC2988-RTO often exhibits low loss detection times, it also exhibits frequent "RTO outliers" that can lead to exceptionally long loss detection times. The loss detection times of the PH-RTO are much more closely spread around the mean. Finally, our results show that the PH-RTO is much more robust to sudden delay spikes that are particularly common in wireless networks.
Effect of TiO<sub>2</sub> Surface Engineering on the Performance of Cobalt-Based Catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis (2018)

A series of surface-modified TiO2 samples (Al-TiO2, Si-TiO2, and C-TiO2) with similar physical properties were synthesized. Comparison of the profound effect of different interfaces of the Co catalyst on the activity and stability in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis was investigated. Al2O3 or SiO2 nanoshell-modified TiO2 enhances the cobalt dispersion (Co/Al-TiO2) or reducibility (Co/Si-TiO2), which results in an increased cobalt-time-yield (CTY) of the catalysts. Hydrothermal carbon (HTC) shell modified TiO2 can simultaneously promote cobalt nanoparticle dispersion and reducibility. Accordingly, compared with the reference Co/TiO2 catalyst, the CTY and C5+ selectivity of Co/C-TiO2 is remarkably improved. Furthermore, the Co/C-TiO2 catalyst shows more stabilized activity under harsh FTS reaction conditions (230 °C, 1.0 MPa, CO conversion over 60%). This stable catalysis is attributed to the interfacial site (Co-TiO2), with the strength of the metal–support interaction resulting from the autoconsumption of the HTC layer during the reduction and reaction processes.
Moral Worth and Inviolability of Unborn Children (2006)

The moral worth and dignity of the unborn child varies according to peoples' fundamental religious and personal beliefs on what constitutes a human person. The antithetical views on the moral value of the unborn child are due to different philosophies, which admits the existence and meaningfulness of nonmaterial reality and the other that practically denies both.
SMAP‐29: a potent antibacterial and antifungal peptide from sheep leukocytes (1999)

SMAP-29 is a cathelicidin-derived peptide deduced from sheep myeloid mRNA. The C-terminally amidated form of this peptide was chemically synthesized and shown to exert a potent antimicrobial activity. Antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates highly susceptible to this peptide include MRSA and VREF isolates, that are a major worldwide problem, and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with chronic respiratory inflammation in CF patients. In addition, SMAP-29 is also active against fungi, including Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from immunocompromised patients. SMAP-29 causes significant morphological alterations of the bacterial surfaces, as shown by scanning electron microscopy, and is also hemolytic against human, but not sheep erythrocytes. Its potent antimicrobial activity suggests that this peptide is an excellent candidate as a lead compound for the development of novel antiinfective agents.
In utero ultrasound backscatter microscopy of early stage mouse embryos (1999)

A high resolution ultrasound imaging technique, ultrasound backscatter microscopy (UBM), has previously been shown to be useful for in utero imaging of mouse embryos, and for direct manipulation of mouse embryos through UBM-guided injections. UBM images from mouse embryos staged between 8.5 and 10.5 days of gestation are presented to demonstrate the range of anatomical structures which can be studied with this approach. Ultrasound contrast agents have been injected into the forebrain ventricle of 10.5 day embryos to characterize the resulting three-dimensional distribution of the injected agents. These studies provide important background data relevant to future use of this technique for in utero analysis of early brain and heart development, and for in utero manipulation of mouse embryos through UBM-guided injections.
Relative Amnesic Potency of Five Inhalational Anesthetics Follows the Meyer-Overton Rule (2004)

Amnesic potency differs between agents; nitrous oxide is most potent and halothane is least potent relative to MAC. The amnesic threshold ranges from 0.06 to 0.3 MAC. The correlation between potency and oil:gas partition coefficients suggests a fundamental role for hydrophobicity in mediating amnesia, similar to its association with MAC. Some agents (e.g., halothane) may enhance aversive memory retention at doses typically encountered during emergence.
Sizing Ram Pumps (1996)

Although a method for the optimal design of ram pump systems using a pump of given size now exists, there is no simple procedure for selecting the proper size of pump to provide a specific duty. This Technical Note shows how pump size may be determined from the required output power. The finding is supported by existing results and further tests on a 53 mm Wilcox pump. Examples are given to illustrate the sizing of small to medium pumps. A cost analysis indicates that economy of scale applies to ram pumps and that the use of multiple pumps is not cost effective unless low drive heads have to be utilized.
Subspace-search variational quantum eigensolver for excited states (2018)

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), a variational algorithm to obtain an approximated ground state of a given Hamiltonian, is an appealing application of near-term quantum computers. The original work [A. Peruzzo et al.; \textit{Nat. Commun.}; \textbf{5}, 4213 (2014)] focused only on finding a ground state, whereas the excited states can also induce interesting phenomena in molecules and materials. Calculating excited states is, in general, a more difficult task than finding ground states for classical computers. To extend the framework to excited states, we here propose an algorithm, the subspace-search variational quantum eigensolver (SSVQE). This algorithm searches a low energy subspace by supplying orthogonal input states to the variational ansatz and relies on the unitarity of transformations to ensure the orthogonality of output states. The $k$-th excited state is obtained as the highest energy state in the low energy subspace. The proposed algorithm consists only of two parameter optimization procedures and does not employ any ancilla qubits. The disuse of the ancilla qubits is a great improvement from the existing proposals for excited states, which have utilized the swap test, making our proposal a truly near-term quantum algorithm. We further generalize the SSVQE to obtain all excited states up to the $k$-th by only a single optimization procedure. From numerical simulations, we verify the proposed algorithms. This work greatly extends the applicable domain of the VQE to excited states and their related properties like a transition amplitude without sacrificing any feasibility of it.