gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diversity of structure, morphology and wetting of plant surfaces (2008)

This review paper presents the diversity of plant surface structures from a single cell to multi-cellular surface sculptures. There is still no comprehensive book which provides an overview of the diversity of plant surface structures. This article presents a guide for the description of cellular and sub-cellular plant surface structures, which include hairs, wax crystals and surface folding. Biological surfaces are multifunctional boundary layers to their environment. Functionally optimized surfaces are one of the key innovations in the more than 400 million years of evolution of land plants. In the plant surface, micro- and nanostructures play a special role, and a large diversity of surface structures exists at different size levels. Well known functional aspects of plant surface structures are the reduction of particle adhesion, the sliding structures of carnivorous plants for insect catching, and the self-cleaning properties of the superhydrophobic Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaves. Their structures and functions might be useful models for the development of functional materials. The surface properties of plants are based on physico-chemical principles and can be transferred to technical “biomimetic” materials, as successfully done for the self-cleaning properties of the Lotus leaves. This article is designed as an introduction for biologists and non biologists and should stimulate the reader to initiate or intensify the study of biological surfaces.
High concentrations of dexmedetomidine inhibit compound action potentials in frog sciatic nerves without α <sub>2</sub> adrenoceptor activation (2010)

Dexmedetomidine reduced CAP peak amplitude without alpha(2)-adrenoceptor activation (at concentrations >1000-fold higher than those used as alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonist), with a lower potency than tetracaine. CAPs were inhibited by other alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonists, oxymetazoline and clonidine, and also an alpha(2) adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole. Thus, some drugs acting on alpha(2) adrenoceptors are able to block nerve conduction.
Stilbene‐Based Inhibitors of Estrone Sulfatase with a Dual Mode of Action in Human Breast Cancer Cells (2004)

Estrone sulfate (E1S) is an endogenous prodrug that delivers estrone and, subsequently, estradiol to target cells, after hydrolysis by the enzyme estrone sulfatase, which is active in various tissues including hormone-dependent breast cancer. Blockade of this enzyme should reduce the estrogen level in breast cancer cells and prevent hormonal growth stimulation. In this study, a number of sulfamoyloxy-substituted stilbenes with side chains that guarantee antiestrogenic activity were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of estrone sulfatase. They inhibited this enzyme in human MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells, with IC(50) values in the submicromolar range. The effects of both the free hydroxy derivatives and the sulfamates on gene activation were determined in transfected MCF-7/2a breast cancer cells stimulated either with estradiol or with estrone sulfate. The analysis of data revealed a dual mode of action of the majority of compounds. They blocked gene expression by inhibition of estrone sulfatase and by antiestrogenic action. This pharmacological profile was also observed in assays on antiproliferative activity. The most potent derivative 8 g inhibited the growth of wild-type human MCF-7 cells with an IC(50) value of 13 nM.
Three Mile Island revisited (1991)

Cellular dedifferentiation is a key mechanism driving cancer progression. Acquisition of mesenchymal features has been associated with drug resistance, poor prognosis, and disease relapse in many tumor types. Therefore, successful targeting of tumors harboring these characteristics is a priority in oncology practice. The SWItch/Sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex has also emerged as a critical player in tumor progression, leading to the identification of several SWI/SNF complex genes as potential disease biomarkers and targets of anticancer therapies. AT-rich interaction domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is a component of SWI/SNF, and mutations in <i>ARID1A</i> represent one of the most frequent molecular alterations in human cancers. <i>ARID1A</i> mutations occur in approximately 10% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), but whether these mutations confer a therapeutic opportunity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that loss of ARID1A promotes an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and sensitizes PDAC cells to a clinical inhibitor of HSP90, NVP-AUY922, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Although loss of ARID1A alone did not significantly affect proliferative potential or rate of apoptosis, ARID1A-deficient cells were sensitized to HSP90 inhibition, potentially by promoting the degradation of intermediate filaments driving EMT, resulting in cell death. Our results describe a mechanistic link between ARID1A defects and a quasi-mesenchymal phenotype, suggesting that deleterious mutations in <i>ARID1A</i> associated with protein loss exhibit potential as a biomarker for patients with PDAC who may benefit by HSP90-targeting drugs treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies ARID1A loss as a promising biomarker for the identification of PDAC tumors that are potentially responsive to treatment with proteotoxic agents.
Responsive Polymer Brushes (2006)

The review focuses on responsive/switching behavior of polymer brushes. The structure of the polymer brushes is analyzed in terms of the constitution and conformation of polymer chains. Responsive properties are widely discussed based on phase transition mechanisms in a controlled environment when changes are induced by solvent quality, temperature, concentration of ions, and interactions with liquids and solids. Potential applications of polymer brushes are also discussed.
A 45-GHz Quadrature Voltage Controlled Oscillator with a Reflection-Type IQ Modulator in 0.13-μm CMOS Technology (2006)

In this paper, a 45-GHz quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) with a reflection-type IQ modulator in 0.13-mum CMOS technology is presented. An innovative configuration for the QVCO with an IQ modulator is proposed, in which the amplitude and phase errors of QVCO can be accurately evaluated in millimeter-wave (MMW) frequency range. The phase noise of QVCO is better than -99 dBc/Hz at carrier offset frequency of 1 MHz, and the tuning frequency is from 44.8 to 45.8 GHz. For single-sideband up-converter application, this circuit demonstrates a sideband suppression of better than -36 dBc, and a LO suppression of better than -27 dBc. Based on the calculation of the sideband suppression contours, the amplitude and phase errors of the QVCO are within 0.3 dB and 2deg. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first attempt to integrate a QVCO with a reflection-type IQ modulator in MMW regime for the characterization of amplitude and phase errors in a QVCO and the direct up-conversion applications
A new solution of data security accessing for Hadoop based on CP-ABE (2014)

In cloud computing platform Hadoop, because user data stored in the cloud is not a controllable domain, so how to protect the important data of user confidentiality and legally is an issue of most concern. In traditional public encrypt mechanism, the encryption resource provider needs obtain all relevant information of user, it will damage the user's privacy certainly, and it will need more bandwidth and large processing overhead. To solve this issue described above, we proposed a new security access control solution for Hadoop based on CP-ABE, in our solution the CP-ABE use multiple attributes (collection of properties) to identify a user, rather than use a only identity information, and theoretical analysis showed that our CP-ABE based solution can avoid obtaining user complete information and enhanced security for user accessing file on Hadoop.
US Army teledentistry (2002)

Two US Army pilot studies have shown that teledentistry can save patient travel and evacuations. As a result, the Army is beginning a large research project to determine the benefits and the costs involved in using telemedicine equipment to provide remote dental diagnosis and treatment. This study will measure the costs and benefits in the areas of dental consulting, referrals for care, home call, telementoring, dentist laboratory communications, continuing education, and group management. lt is expected that this study will provide sufficient data to construct a business case for the implementation of this technology throughout the entire Army.
Foreword (1995)

Clinical Professor of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Clinical Professor of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, Colonel, Medical Corps, United Slates Army, Retired
Indium as a Reducing Agent: Deprotection of 4-Nitrobenzyl Ethers and Esters (1999)

Indium in aqueous ethanolic ammonium chloride is an effective method for the deprotection of 4-nitrobenzyl ethers and esters.
public address (2006) (2024)

The research aims of the artwork Public Address were to produce a site-specific sculptural installation using humour to comment on the changing nature of public space as a contested site of political dissent. This resulted in an artwork which took the form of a discarded mega-megaphone. The sound usually associated with this portable loud speaking system, traditionally used by protest assembly and march organisers to rally and motivate demonstrators, was replaced by a very loud snoring sound. This is the first time this kind of sculptural work, integrating sound with sculpture, has been done, and as such it demonstrated new ways of creating public dialogue between the public space, its users and art. Internationally renowned curator Juliana Engberg selected the work for an international exhibition at the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art (ACCA), a leading venue for contemporary art in Australia. The Unquiet World exhibition showcased the work of 17 high profile national and international artists and achieved a high national impact, with critical reception in the national press (The Age, The Australian, Herald Sun), national radio and TV coverage. Rawlins, Jarrod The Unquiet World, Art & Australia Vol44 No2, Summer 2006, pp272-7, Political Art, on Deep End, ABC Radio National, Sian Pryor, Juliana Engberg and Chris McAuliffe, 2005. Juliana Engberg: The Unquiet World (catalogue essay), ACCA, 2005. Public address was purchased by Peter Farrell, chairman of the trustees, San Diego Contemporay Art Museum and MD of the medical equipment company Resmed. It is now on permanent exhibition at Resmed headquarters as part of its international art collection.
Development of α-Helical Calpain Probes by Mimicking a Natural Protein–Protein Interaction (2012)

We have designed a highly specific inhibitor of calpain by mimicking a natural protein-protein interaction between calpain and its endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. To enable this goal we established a new method of stabilizing an α-helix in a small peptide by screening 24 commercially available cross-linkers for successful cysteine alkylation in a model peptide sequence. The effects of cross-linking on the α-helicity of selected peptides were examined by CD and NMR spectroscopy, and revealed structurally rigid cross-linkers to be the best at stabilizing α-helices. We applied this strategy to the design of inhibitors of calpain that are based on calpastatin, an intrinsically unstable polypeptide that becomes structured upon binding to the enzyme. A two-turn α-helix that binds proximal to the active site cleft was stabilized, resulting in a potent and selective inhibitor for calpain. We further expanded the utility of this inhibitor by developing irreversible calpain family activity-based probes (ABPs), which retained the specificity of the stabilized helical inhibitor. We believe the inhibitor and ABPs will be useful for future investigation of calpains, while the cross-linking technique will enable exploration of other protein-protein interactions.
Travinfo: a progress report (2002)

This paper provides a progress report on the TravInfo project-the San Francisco Bay Area Intermodal Traveler Information System- including the project organization, plan, schedule, implementation experience, and evaluation approach. The public sector will provide open-access databases for region-wide real-time traffic and public-transport information. The TravInfo Transportation Information Center (TIC) will disseminate this information through an audiotext phone system, a landline system, and a wireless data broadcast. Private sector will provide products and services that present this information to both public and private sector users. Overall, TravInfo is intended to make public transport easier and more attractive to use, and to assist in reducing and in avoiding traffic congestion. In addition, it will serve as an ATIS test bed and as a test market for determining the types of ATIS products and services that IVHS users want and are willing to pay for. TravInfo is an open partnership available to public and private sector organizations both foreign and domestic. The trial is scheduled to operate for a period of approximately two years beginning in early 1995. Successful elements of TravInfo are expected to continue in use.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Youth and Beauty: The Correspondence of Hugh Nibley (1997)

Personal letters written by Hugh Nibley during his youth show the fundamental consistency of his personality, style, beliefs, concerns, and penetrating perceptions throughout his lifetime.
Improving path planning and mapping based on stereo vision and lidar (2008)

2D laser range finders have been widely used in mobile robot navigation. However, their use is limited to simple environments containing objects of regular geometry and shapes. Stereo vision, instead, provides 3D structural data of complex objects. In this paper, measurements from a stereo vision camera system and a 2D laser range finder are fused to dynamically plan and navigate a mobile robot in cluttered and complex environments. A robust estimator is used to detect obstacles and ground plane in 3D world model in front of the robot based on disparity information from stereo vision system. Based on this 3D world model, 2D cost map is generated. A separate 2D cost map is also generated by 2D laser range finder. Then we use a grid-based occupancy map approach to fuse the complementary information provided by the 2D laser range finder and stereo vision system. Since the two sensors may detect different parts of an object, two different fusion strategies are addressed here. The final occupancy grid map is simultaneously used for obstacle avoidance and path planning. Experimental results obtained form a Point Grey's Bumblebee stereo camera and a SICK LDOEM laser range finder mounted on a Packbot robot are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed lidar and stereo vision fusion strategy for mobile robot navigation.
Nitrate reductases: Structure, functions, and effect of stress factors (2007)

Structural and functional peculiarities of four types of nitrate reductases are considered: assimilatory nitrate reductase of eukaryotes, as well as cytoplasmic assimilatory, membrane-bound respiratory, and periplasmic dissimilatory bacterial nitrate reductases. Arguments are presented showing that eukaryotic organisms are capable of nitrate dissimilation. Data concerning new classes of extremophil nitrate reductases, whose active center does not contain molybdocofactor, are summarized.
Quantitative study in vivo of methionine cycle in humans using [methyl-2H3]- and [1-13C]methionine (1988)

Kinetic aspects of body methionine (MET) metabolism were examined in healthy young men during the fed and postabsorptive (PA) states. Rates of MET incorporation (S) into and release (B) from body proteins; transmethylation (TM); and remethylation (RM) and transsulfuration (TS) of homocysteine (HCY) were estimated with the aid of a 5-h constant intravenous infusion of [methyl-2H3]- and [1-13C]methionine. The isotopic data (plasma methionine labeling and 13C enrichment of expired air) were submitted to a stochastic model of amino acid metabolism. During the fed state, the subjects (n = 4) received, at 20-min intervals, small isonitrogenous isocaloric meals containing a complete L-amino acid mixture supplying MET at a rate equivalent to 198 mumol.kg body wt-1.day-1. The PA subjects (n = 4) received the isotope after a 10-h overnight fast. For the PA group, the components of MET metabolism were as follows: S, 20 +/- 0.5; B, 24 +/- 0.5; TM, 5.8 +/- 0.6; RM, 1.8 +/- 0.4; and TS, 4.0 +/- 0.4 (+/-SE) mumol.kg-1.h-1. During the fed state the values were S, 26 +/- 2.5; B, 18 +/- 2; TM, 14 +/- 1.3; RM, 5.7 +/- 0.9; and TS 8.3 +/- 0.6 mumol.kg-1.h-1. The meal-induced changes in B, TM, RM, and TS were significant (P less than 0.05). Comparison of the partitioning of MET between S and TM (these two pathways of MET disposal constitute the "methionine locus") in the PA and in the fed states indicates that the MET locus is of regulatory importance in MET homeostasis. A twofold increase in the partitioning of MET to TM was observed in the fed state. The increase in HCY recycling, relative to TS (these two pathways of HCY disposal constitute the "HCY locus"), in the fed state did not reach statistical significance when compared with the PA state. Total daily TM are estimated to be 238 +/- 22 mumol/kg. This is similar to the estimate generated by the methyl balance model of Mudd and Poole (Metabolism 24: 721, 1975) which approximated 241 mumol/kg.
Comprehensive supramolecular chemistry (1997)

Volume 1 - Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Cationic Guests. Volume 2 - Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Molecular Guests. Volume 3 - Cyclodextrins. Volume 4 - Supramolecular Reactivity and Transport: Bioorganic Systems. Volume 5 - Supramolecular Reactivity and Transport: Bioinorganic Systems. Volume 6 - Solid-State Supramolecular Chemistry: Crystal Engineering. Volume 7 - Solid-State Supramolecular Chemistry: Two- and Three-Dimensional Inorganic Networks. Volume 8 - Physical Methods in Supramolecular Chemistry. Volume 9 - Templating Self-Assembly and Self-Organization. Voulme 10 - Supramolecular Technology. Volume 11 - Cumulative Index.
Raman-guided subcellular pharmaco-metabolomics for metastatic melanoma cells (2020)

Non-invasively probing metabolites within single live cells is highly desired but challenging. Here we utilize Raman spectro-microscopy for spatial mapping of metabolites within single cells, with the specific goal of identifying druggable metabolic susceptibilities from a series of patient-derived melanoma cell lines. Each cell line represents a different characteristic level of cancer cell de-differentiation. First, with Raman spectroscopy, followed by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy and transcriptomics analysis, we identify the fatty acid synthesis pathway as a druggable susceptibility for differentiated melanocytic cells. We then utilize hyperspectral-SRS imaging of intracellular lipid droplets to identify a previously unknown susceptibility of lipid mono-unsaturation within de-differentiated mesenchymal cells with innate resistance to BRAF inhibition. Drugging this target leads to cellular apoptosis accompanied by the formation of phase-separated intracellular membrane domains. The integration of subcellular Raman spectro-microscopy with lipidomics and transcriptomics suggests possible lipid regulatory mechanisms underlying this pharmacological treatment. Our method should provide a general approach in spatially-resolved single cell metabolomics studies.
Synergism and Antagonism of Foaming Agents and Corrosion Inhibitors (2001)

Abstract Continous or batch treatment of low pressure wet gas wells with foaming agents is a common and cost-effective method to sustain production from such wells. The foam additives convert well liquids into water/gas foams lowering the bottomhole hydrostatic pressure and increasing brine unloading from the well, thus preventing well "drowning" resulting in lower or ceased gas production. However, foaming surfactants being good wetting agents may accelerate the casing corrosion process and work against corrosion inhibitors. This effect would be particularly severe in deep wells having high bottomhole temperatures. Foaming properties and steel corrosion rates were tested on fluids formulated with anionic, cationic, non-ionic and amphoteric foamers combined with the main categories of corrosion inhibitors. In most cases, there was a negative effect of corrosion inhibitors on foams or even a complete chemical incompatibility for some combinations. Occasionally, addition of certain corrosion inhibitors improved a foam's persistence and quality. However, the effect of a few percent of condensate seems to be stronger than 300 ppm of corrosion inhibitors. Additives had the greatest effect on the performance of non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants. The effect of foaming agents on steel corrosion is not uniform. In most cases a surfactant offers some corrosion protection at mild conditions. Most foaming agents accelerate corrosion rates at high temperatures. Few chemicals produced spectacular corrosion. Mixtures of foaming agents and corrosion inhibitors usually are less corrosive than foaming agents applied without any corrosion protection. However, no single component corrosion inhibitor reduced the corrosivity of such mixtures to an acceptable level. The results indicate that wells that are being treated with foaming agents should also be treated with an appropriate corrosion inhibitor. For any particular application a proper combination of foamer/corrosion inhibitor should be selected. More consideration should be given to the properties of the foamer/corrosion mixture, than to those of the individual components.
Three-dimensional, fine-resolution imaging using laser frequency diversity (1992)

Experimental results obtained using a fine-resolution, three-dimensional imaging method are presented. The method consists of flood illuminating an extended object with a laser beam and recording the scattered light as the laser frequency is varied. An image is recovered by three-dimensional Fourier transformation of the recorded data. For the results presented here, a tunable dye-laser source is used, and the obtained range resolution is 287 microm.
Enterovirus related metabolic myopathy: a postviral fatigue syndrome (2003)

There is an association between abnormal lactate response to exercise, reflecting impaired muscle energy metabolism, and the presence of enterovirus sequences in muscle in a proportion of CFS patients.
Phase separation in InGaN thick films and formation of InGaN/GaN double heterostructures in the entire alloy composition (1997)

We report the growth of InGaN thick films and InGaN/GaN double heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy at the substrate temperatures 700–800 °C, which is optimal for the growth of GaN. X-ray diffraction and optical absorption studies show phase separation of InN for InxGal−xN thick films with x&gt;0.3. On the other hand, InxGal−xN/GaN double heterostructures show no evidence of phase separation within the detection capabilities of our methods. These observations were accounted for using Stringfellow’s model on phase separation, which gives a critical temperature for miscibility of the GaN–InN system equal to 2457 K.