gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality for geosciences visualization (2002)

Geoscientists have used data visualization as a means of assisting in the difficult task of modeling the subsurface environment. A virtual reality (VR) application is described that not only permits the user to manipulate interpreted geological surfaces or interfaces but also supports the simultaneous manipulation of the three dimensional seismic data from which the interpretations were derived. Two dimensional textures are used to represent vertical slices of migrated seismic data; these slices can be loaded and processed dynamically. An informal evaluation has been performed and results show that VR has significant potential to improve the ability of geoscientists to analyze their data and to collaborate on its interpretation.
Hereditary and environmental risk factors; clinical and laboratory risk matters for head and neck, especially oral, cancer and precancer. (1996)

The continuing high incidence and mortality of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract in South Asia, parts of France and central Europe, together with a rising incidence and mortality from a lower base elsewhere in the Western world, stimulates continuing research on risk factors and risk markers. Tobaccos (smoked and smokeless), heavy alcohol consumption, and areca nut remain the dominant risk factors, with confirmation of the protective effects of diets rich in antioxidants. There is emerging evidence of a small, but real, risk associated with occupational and other air pollution, and with family, part of which may be hereditary. Markers in peripheral blood and saliva are underexploited. Clinical staging and histological grading methods continue to be refined, with improved prognostic value, much aided by newer and simpler methods for estimating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Data on the significance of viral genes are still inadequate, but there is good progress describing the epidemiology of chromosomal abnormalities and abberations of a growing list of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Unfortunately, as yet, these have only limited longitudinal or prognostic data.
Fully Three-dimensional Reconstruction For A Pet Camera With Retractable Septa (2005)

A fully 3-D reconstruction algorithm has been developed to reconstruct data from a 16 ring PET camera (a Siemens/CTI 953B) with automatically retractable septa. The tomograph is able to acquire coincidences between any pair of detector rings and septa retraction increases the total system count rate by a factor of 7.8 (including scatter) and 4.7 (scatter subtracted) for a uniform, 20 cm diameter cylinder. The reconstruction algorithm is based on 3-D filtered backprojection, expressed in a form suitable for the multi-angle sinogram data. Sinograms which are not measured due to the truncated cylindrical geometry of the tomograph, but which are required for a spatially invariant response function, are obtained by forward projection. After filtering, the complete set of sinograms is backprojected into a 3-D volume of 128*128*31 voxels using a voxel-driven procedure. The algorithm has been validated with simulation, and tested with both phantom and clinical data from the 953B. >
Cannabidiol Prevents Cerebral Infarction Via a Serotonergic 5-Hydroxytryptamine <sub>1A</sub> Receptor–Dependent Mechanism (2005)

Cannabidiol and abnormal cannabidiol reduced the infarct volume. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol was inhibited by WAY100135 but not capsazepine, and the CBF increased by cannabidiol was partially reversed by WAY100135. These results suggested that the neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol may be related to the increase in CBF through the serotonergic 5-HT1A receptor.
An iconic programming system, HI-VISUAL (1990)

A framework for icon management which is quite object-oriented is proposed, and an iconic programming system named HI-VISUAL is presented on the basis of the framework. In the framework, icons represent real objects or concepts already established in a target application environment, whereas icons representing functions are not provided. A function is represented by a combination of two different icons. Each icon can take an active or a passive role against the other. The role sharing is determined dynamically, depending on the environment in which the icons are activated. Programming in HI-VISUAL and implementation issues of the system prototype, now in operation in a laboratory environment, are extensively discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Stanford Microarray Database (2001)

The Stanford Microarray Database (SMD) stores raw and normalized data from microarray experiments, and provides web interfaces for researchers to retrieve, analyze and visualize their data. The two immediate goals for SMD are to serve as a storage site for microarray data from ongoing research at Stanford University, and to facilitate the public dissemination of that data once published, or released by the researcher. Of paramount importance is the connection of microarray data with the biological data that pertains to the DNA deposited on the microarray (genes, clones etc.). SMD makes use of many public resources to connect expression information to the relevant biology, including SGD [Ball,C.A., Dolinski,K., Dwight,S.S., Harris,M.A., Issel-Tarver,L., Kasarskis,A., Scafe,C.R., Sherlock,G., Binkley,G., Jin,H. et al. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 77-80], YPD and WormPD [Costanzo,M.C., Hogan,J.D., Cusick,M.E., Davis,B.P., Fancher,A.M., Hodges,P.E., Kondu,P., Lengieza,C., Lew-Smith,J.E., Lingner,C. et al. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 73-76], Unigene [Wheeler,D.L., Chappey,C., Lash,A.E., Leipe,D.D., Madden,T.L., Schuler,G.D., Tatusova,T.A. and Rapp,B.A. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 10-14], dbEST [Boguski,M.S., Lowe,T.M. and Tolstoshev,C.M. (1993) Nature Genet., 4, 332-333] and SWISS-PROT [Bairoch,A. and Apweiler,R. (2000) Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 45-48] and can be accessed at http://genome-www.stanford.edu/microarray.
Solid phase ELISA for serum ferritin (1980)

AbstractWe describe a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for human serum ferritin, with the use of polyethylene glycol to shorten the reaction. The amount of bound enzyme-antibody conjugate used as a second site antibody is proportional to the ferritin titre in the assay. This method is fast, and the reagents are stable for many months at 4°C. The lowest detectable concentration was 5 μg/l. lnterassay coefficients of variation were 9.3 and 12.2%, respectively, at ferritin concentrations of 100 μg/l and 200 μg/l. The data also show that polyethylene glycol accelerates antigen-antibody complex formation in the solid phase. An assay may be completed in 5 h.Key Words: enzymeferritinimmunoassaypolyethylene glycolserum
Resource State Monitoring of Service Transactions in Cloud Systems (2014)

In cloud systems, services constituting a transaction may spread over a large number of servers or clusters. Theoretically, these services could consume cloud resources unlimitedly. To avoid financial loss due to resource overuse, clouds have to monitor the state of resources consumed by the services-collect values of consumption, and evaluate whether the combined usage of resources has excessed a pre-defined upper bound or not. The distributed nature of the services introduces a challenge to the monitoring system on how to summarise distributed state information with low cost. We present our resource state monitoring solution to capture the challenge introduced by services hosted in clouds. Our solution tracks the resource consumed by each service constituting a transaction individually whilst ensures the whole transaction does not overuse the allocated resource. It improves availability by avoiding single points of failure, and achieves scalability by minimising message exchanges. We performed experimental analyses that indicate this work can provide an inexpensive resource monitoring solution for transactions in clouds.
Multilayer bootstrap network for unsupervised speaker recognition (2015)

We apply multilayer bootstrap network (MBN), a recent proposed unsupervised learning method, to unsupervised speaker recognition. The proposed method first extracts supervectors from an unsupervised universal background model, then reduces the dimension of the high-dimensional supervectors by multilayer bootstrap network, and finally conducts unsupervised speaker recognition by clustering the low-dimensional data. The comparison results with 2 unsupervised and 1 supervised speaker recognition techniques demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Use of Protease from <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> as Promiscuous Catalyst for Organic Synthesis: Applications in CC and CN Bond Formation Reactions (2011)

Abstract Commercially available protease from Bacillus licheniformis has been used in different non‐conventional biotransformations showing remarkable activity values. The promiscuous behaviour of this enzyme used in the cross‐linked enzyme aggregates immobilized form (Alcalase‐CLEA ® ), has been successfully demonstrated for the first time in CC bond formation processes such as aldol, Henry and Mannich reactions. On the other hand, the Bayllis–Hillman reaction between 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde and methyl vinyl ketone occurred through unspecific catalysis. Interestingly, aza‐ Michael addition reactions of secondary amines (diethylamine, piperidine and pyrrolidine) to acrylonitrile have been also efficiently catalyzed, observing with diethylamine the most remarkable differences between the enzyme‐mediated reaction and the one in the absence of catalyst. Higher reactivities were attained with pyrrolidine demonstrating the versatility of hydrolases in organic synthesis.
Productivity enhancement through simulation and queuing network analysis (1994)

This paper presents results from a research project dealing with the search and investigation of opportunities for productivity improvement at a manufacturing concern involved in fabrication and assembly operations. A SLAM II simulation model was developed to assess the material flow problems and the storage capacity of the system. A queuing network analysis for an automated serial assembly line was also performed using MANUPLAN due to insufficient time and scarcity of accurate production data. Results from the study outline the steps required to improve productivity.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in oral diseases (2004)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that in concert are responsible for the degradation of most extracellular matrix proteins during organogenesis, growth and normal tissue turnover. The expression and activity of MMPs in adult tissues is normally quite low, but increases significantly in various pathological conditions that may lead into unwanted tissue destruction, such as inflammatory diseases, tumour growth and metastasis. MMPs have a marked role also in tissue destructive oral diseases. The role of collagenases, especially MMP-8, in periodontitis and peri-implantitis is the best-known example of the unwanted tissue destruction related to increased presence and activity of MMPs at the site of disease, but evidence has been brought forward to indicate that MMPs may be involved also in other oral diseases, such as dental caries and oral cancer. This brief review describes some of the history, the current status and the future aspects of the work mainly of our research groups looking at the presence and activity of various MMPs in different oral diseases, as well as some of the MMP-related aspects that may facilitate the development of new means of diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
Nanometer‐scale surface modification of Ti6Al4V alloy for orthopedic applications (2007)

This communication presents a novel technology to enhance the biocompatibility of bioinert Ti6Al4V alloy as implant materials for orthopaedic application. The surface of Ti6Al4V alloy was electrochemically activated in NaOH solution to create a porous structure with nanometer topographic features and an alkaline environment, thus promoting the formation of bone-like hydroxyapatite coating and enhancing the bonding strength of the coating. This innovative activation process was proved to be effective and essential. The activated surface was confirmed to be pure TiO2 and the formed coating was characterized of pure hydroxyapatite with a nanometer-scaled grain size structure by means of XPS, FESEM/SEM/EDX, XRD, and TEM techniques.
Generation of High-Amylose Rice through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Targeted Mutagenesis of Starch Branching Enzymes (2017)

Cereals high in amylose content (AC) and resistant starch (RS) offer potential health benefits. Previous studies using chemical mutagenesis or RNA interference have demonstrated that starch branching enzyme (SBE) plays a major role in determining the fine structure and physical properties of starch. However, it remains a challenge to control starch branching in commercial lines. Here, we use CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate targeted mutagenesis in <i>SBEI</i> and <i>SBEIIb</i> in rice. The frequencies of obtained homozygous or bi-allelic mutant lines with indels in <i>SBEI</i> and <i>SBEIIb</i> in T<sub>0</sub> generation were from 26.7 to 40%. Mutations in the homozygous T<sub>0</sub> lines stably transmitted to the T<sub>1</sub> generation and those in the bi-allelic lines segregated in a Mendelian fashion. Transgene-free plants carrying only the frame-shifted mutagenesis were recovered in T<sub>1</sub> generation following segregation. Whereas no obvious differences were observed between the <i>sbeI</i> mutants and wild type, <i>sbeII</i> mutants showed higher proportion of long chains presented in debranched amylopectin, significantly increased AC and RS content to as higher as 25.0 and 9.8%, respectively, and thus altered fine structure and nutritional properties of starch. Taken together, our results demonstrated for the first time the feasibility to create high-amylose rice through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of <i>SBEIIb</i>.
Exploring Spirituality in Teaching Within a Christian School Context Through Collaborative Action Research (2014)

This article reports on a collaborative action research project conducted in New Zealand, during 2012, exploring spirituality in teaching within a Christian school context. The experienced primary school teacher participant chose to take action around the issue of personal fear and insecurity which were believed to be hindering professional growth and relationships. Through self-directed inquiry, critical reflective journaling, Bible study, fellowship and prayer with trusted friends, the teacher experienced a renewed sense of peace and freedom in Christ. This personal transformation was believed to be influential on subsequent professional practice, assisting the teacher to become more relational, responsive and compassionate. The findings provide a rich description of the participant’s spirituality, the lived reality of a person’s spiritual life. This report will be of interest to teachers, teacher-leaders and teacher-educators who desire to explore Christian spirituality through practitioner-led inquiry.
Tracking dynamic sparse signals using Hierarchical Bayesian Kalman filters (2013)

In this work we are interested in the problem of reconstructing time-varying signals for which the support is assumed to be sparse. For a single time instance it is possible to reconstruct the original signal efficiently by employing a suitable algorithm for sparse signal recovery, given the sparsity level of the signal. In the case of time-varying sparse signals the sparsity level is not necessarily known a-priori. Furthermore conventional tracking by Kalman filtering fails to promote sparsity. Instead, a hierarchical Bayesian model is used in the tracking process which succeeds in modelling sparsity. One theorem is provided that extends previous work by providing some more general results. A second theorem gives the conditions under which all sparse signals are recovered exactly. It is demonstrated that the proposed method succeeds in recovering time-varying sparse signals with greater accuracy than the classic Kalman filter approach.
Amphiphilic β‐cyclodextrin‐based star‐like block copolymer unimolecular micelles for facile <i>in situ</i> preparation of gold nanoparticles (2015)

ABSTRACT Multifunctional polymer unimolecular micelles, which are used as templates to fabricate stable gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in one‐step without external reductant, have been designed and prepared. Amphiphilic 21‐arm star‐like block copolymers β‐cyclodextrin‐{poly(lactide)‐poly(2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)‐poly[oligo(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)methacrylate]} 21 [β‐CD‐(PLA‐PDMAEMA‐PEtOxMA) 21 ] and the precursors are synthesized by the combination of ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP). The tertiary amine groups of PDMAEMA block reduce the counterion to zerovalent gold in situ , and these gold atoms combine mutually to form final GNPs. GNPs with relatively small size and narrow size distribution can be obtained in longer DMAEMA block copolymer, larger molar ratio of DMAEMA to HAuCl 4 and smaller absolute concentrations of both polymer and HAuCl 4 . These results showed that the unimolecular micelles can be used as templates for preparing and stabilizing GNPs in situ without any external reducing agents and organic solvents, suggesting that the nanocomposite systems are latent nanocarriers for further biomedical application. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54 , 186–196
Efficient code construction of (3, k) Regular LDPC codes (2008)

The efficient code construction of regular LDPC codes that can effectively reduce the encoding complexity is still attracting a lot of attention from the research community. This paper presents a code construction method for (3, k) regular LDPC code that utilizes combination of a deterministic part and a partially random part in parity check matrix design. The parity check matrix (H), consisting of parity part (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> ) and information part (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> ), is so designed as to have a girth of, at least, 6 and to generate various code rates by maintaining the number of rows in H matrix while only changing the number of columns in the information part (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> ). Our code construction is able to reduce encoding complexity by avoiding any preprocessing step during encoding.
Three-Dimensional Modeling May Improve Surgical Education and Clinical Practice (2015)

Three-dimensional printing is a potentially disruptive technology to improve both surgical education and clinical practice. As the technology matures and cost decreases, we envision 3D models being increasingly used in surgery.
Calcium pyrophosphate and monosodium urate crystal interactions with neutrophils: effect of crystal size and lipoprotein binding to crystals. (1989)

"Small" (between 75-98% of crystals less than or equal to 10 microns) and "large" (between 81-93% of crystals greater than 10 microns) size fractions of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate triclinic (CPPD) crystals were incubated with human neutrophils and crystal induced neutrophil cytolysis monitored by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase. "Small" size fractions of MSUM and CPPD gave higher percent lysis values than "large" crystals. The binding of high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) to the crystals was quantitated. HDL and LDL bound in significant amounts to both CPPD and MSUM and strongly inhibited CPPD and MSUM induced neutrophil cytolysis. We propose that HDL and LDL bound to MSUM and CPPD may play important roles in the regulation of gouty inflammation.
Newly synthesized proteins are degraded by an ATP‐stimulated proteolytic process in isolated pea chloroplasts (1984)

Up to 22% of the [ 3 H]leucine‐labeled proteins synthesized chloroplasts in the light was degraded during subsequent incubation for 20–40 min. The degradation of these radioactive proteins was more rapid in the light than in the dark and was at least 2‐fold greater in the presence of 5 mM ATP in light or darkness. Exogenous amino acids did not influence degradation rates, although they promoted protein synthesis. Overall, proteins from thylakoid and stromal fractions were degraded at comparable rates. Analysis by electrophoresis in denaturing polyacrylamide gels revealed that many proteins decreased in both fractions. Certain low molecular mass stromal proteins were lost almost completely during a 90 min incubation in the presence of ATP, while others were unaffected or decreased only slightly. Thus Chloroplasts, like eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and mithochondria, contain an ATP‐stimulated proteolytic system.
Synthesis of 2-Aminotropone Oximes and 2-Alkoxytropone Imines† (1997)

A synthetic route was developed for preparation of 2-aminotropone oximes 10–14, a new class of compounds, from tropolone 2; 2-methoxytropone imines 7–9 and tropylium salts 17 were generated as the key intermediates.
Fast Greedy MAP Inference for Determinantal Point Process to Improve Recommendation Diversity (2017)

The determinantal point process (DPP) is an elegant probabilistic model of repulsion with applications in various machine learning tasks including summarization and search. However, the maximum a posteriori (MAP) inference for DPP which plays an important role in many applications is NP-hard, and even the popular greedy algorithm can still be too computationally expensive to be used in large-scale real-time scenarios. To overcome the computational challenge, in this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to greatly accelerate the greedy MAP inference for DPP. In addition, our algorithm also adapts to scenarios where the repulsion is only required among nearby few items in the result sequence. We apply the proposed algorithm to generate relevant and diverse recommendations. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is significantly faster than state-of-the-art competitors, and provides a better relevance-diversity trade-off on several public datasets, which is also confirmed in an online A/B test.
Large-signal transient analysis of forward converter with active-clamp reset (2002)

The forward power converter with active-clamp reset offers many advantages over the forward power converter with other transformer reset methods. However, during line and load transients, the maximum magnetizing current of the transformer and the peak voltage of the primary switch are strongly affected by the active-clamp circuit dynamics. As a result, the design of a forward power converter with active-clamp reset cannot be optimized based only on its DC characteristics. In this paper, a large-signal analysis of the forward power converter with active-clamp reset and output-voltage feedback control is presented. The analysis can be used to predict the power converter's dynamic performance.
Medical Education in an Era of Health-Care Reform (2011)

Medical educators are facing a challenge today that is quite analogous to that addressed by Abraham Flexner, namely how to transform a legacy system of education that is no longer preparing future physicians adequately to meet contemporary expectations and responsibilities. In facing up this challenge, however, today's educators not only must equip students to deal effectively with the rapidly changing paradigms in health care and medical practice, they also must adapt their curricula and pedagogical methods to the demanding new paradigms of medical education. Their success in addressing these dual imperatives will determine whether the educational transformations currently underway will have as momentous an effect on the public's health as did those stimulated by Flexner a century ago.