gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aspergillus niger sulfhydryl oxidase (1987)

A procedure for the isolation of a sulfhydryl oxidase from an Aspergillus niger cell suspension involved three major steps and yielded enzyme preparations exhibiting a single but diffuse protein-containing zone when subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a subunit molecular weight estimated to be 53,000. Sedimentation equilibrium experiments indicated a native molecular weight of 106,000. Analyses for sugar residues showed that the enzyme is a glycoprotein, containing 20.3% neutral hexose and 1.9% aminohexose by weight. This enzyme catalyzed the conversion of reduced glutathione (GSH) to its disulfide form, with concomitant consumption of O2 and release of H2O2. The ratio of GSH consumed to H2O2 produced was determined to be 2:1. At 25 degrees C, the optimum pH for the oxidation of GSH was 5.5. Under these conditions, the enzyme had a Michaelis constant of 0.3 mM for GSH. Other low molecular weight thiol compounds (cysteine, dithiothreitol, and 2-mercaptoethanol) were also oxidized, but the Michaelis constants for these substrates were substantially higher than that for GSH under identical conditions of temperature and pH. The rate of reactivation of reductively denatured ribonuclease A was enhanced by the presence of sulfhydryl oxidase, indicating that the latter is capable of oxidizing protein-associated thiol groups. The UV-visible spectrum of sulfhydryl oxidase solution had absorbance maxima at 274, 364.5, and 442.5 nm and was otherwise characteristic of the spectra of known flavoproteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<i>In situ</i> detection of the hypermethylation-induced inactivation of the <i>p16</i> gene as an early event in oncogenesis (1999)

We have developed a technique, methylation-specific PCR in situ hybridization (MSP-ISH), which allows for the methylation status of specific DNA sequences to be visualized in individual cells. We use MSP-ISH to monitor the timing and consequences of aberrant hypermethylation of the p16 tumor suppresser gene during the progression of cancers of the lung and cervix. Hypermethylation of p16 was localized only to the neoplastic cells in both in situ lesions and invasive cancers, and was associated with loss of p16 protein expression. MSP-ISH allowed us to dissect the surprising finding that p16 hypermethylation occurs in cervical carcinoma. This tumor is associated with infection of the oncogenic human papillomavirus, which expresses a protein, E7, that inactivates the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. Thus, simultaneous Rb and p16 inactivation would not be needed to abrogate the critical cyclin D-Rb pathway. MSP-ISH reveals that p16 hypermethylation occurs heterogeneously within early cervical tumor cell populations that are separate from those expressing viral E7 transcripts. In advanced cervical cancers, the majority of cells have a hypermethylated p16, lack p16 protein, but no longer express E7. These data suggest that p16 inactivation is selected as the most effective mechanism of blocking the cyclin D-Rb pathway during the evolution of an invasive cancer from precursor lesions. These studies demonstrate that MSP-ISH is a powerful approach for studying the dynamics of aberrant methylation of critical tumor suppressor genes during tumor evolution.
An Augmented Reality Architecture for the Creation of Hardware-in-the-Loop & Hybrid Simulation Test Scenarios for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (2007)

System evaluation and testing of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) in their destined environment can be tedious, error prone, time consuming and consequently, expensive. However, pre-real world testing facilities, such as Hard- ware-in-the-loop (HIL), are not always available. This is due to the time and expense required to create a specific test environment for the vehicle. Thus the system is not as fault tolerant as it could be since problems can remain undetected until the real- world testing phase. Debugging and fixing errors in the real- world testing phase is much more time consuming and expensive due to the nature of the harsh underwater environment. This paper introduces a novel framework for the rapid construction of virtual environment testing scenarios for remote platforms with embedded systems such as AUVs. The framework provides testing facilities across all stages of the reality continuum providing capabilities for pure simulation, HIL, Hybrid Simulation (HS) and Real world testing. The framework architecture is both very generic and flexible and allows mixing of real and simulated components. The framework is supported by a distributed communications protocol to provide location transparency of systems which is key to providing mixed reality testing facilities.
Proxy Shim6 (P-Shim6) (2008)

This draft discusses extensions to the shim6 architecture to support
shim6 proxies that would allow the provision of the following
capabilities: o Provide Upper Layer Identifier portability. o Provide
Traffic Engineering policy enforcement. o Off-load of the shim6
context management from the actual peers of the communication. o
Enable legacy IPv6 nodes located in the multihomed site to obtain
full multihoming support (no modification of the end nodes).
THE NARROWING OF CRYSTAL SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS IN A SONICATOR-MSMPR CRYSTALLIZER SYSTEM (1991)

Obtaining small crystals of a narrow crystal size distribution is an important problem in many pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and ceramic processing applications. This paper describes the use of a two-stage system to reproducibly produce pilot-scale quantities of a ceramic precursor powder. The population balance is used to determine the crystal size distributions obtained from a staged crystallization system. The staged crystallization system consists of two units, a mininucleator (sonicator) and an MSMPR crystallizer. Experimental and theoretical studies of this system showed that the use of the mininucleator leads to narrowing of the crystal size distribution obtained from the MSMPR crystallizer. The resulting expression for the population density distribution allows direct fitting of experimental log population density data from the second stage to determine the growth and nucleation kinetics for both the mininucleator and the MSMPR crystallizer
Hybrid cooperative spectrum sensing with cyclostationary detection for cognitive radio networks (2016)

In this paper, the status of the primary user (PU) in a cognitive radio network (CRN) is detected by a hybrid detector which is the combination of cyclostationary and energy detection (ED). For spectrum sensing, mostly ED is preferred, due to uncertainty of noise and its low computational complexity. Cyclostationary detection is used in a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment due to its noise rejection property. In our proposed hybrid scheme, a cyclostationary detection used for a low SNR region while an ED is used for high SNR. Here, a cyclostationary detector is used in time domain due to its simple structure and low computational complexity as compared to frequency domain. Performance of a cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) using the proposed hybrid method is evaluated and compared with those of only cyclostationary and only ED based schemes.
The regulation of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)‐1 during prolonged fasting (1993)

In man, insulin appears to regulate circulating IGFBP-1 levels in all circumstances, this regulation being unaffected by the resistance to insulin action induced by prolonged fasting. The high IGFBP-1 levels were statistically related to the higher glucose levels and may have directly contributed to the increased insulin requirement observed after prolonged fasting.
OWLizing (2010)

Today Model Driven Development (MDD) has a quite high importance in describing and building software systems. Although there are formal methodologies for defining software modeling languages we have analyzed some open challenges. Semantics of software modeling languages often are not defined within the language definition. In addition syntactic well-formedness constraints are often not explicitly defined in the language definition. To tackle these challenges we suggest the use of ontology technologies. Ontology technologies are used to extend the expressive of software modeling languages and to enable automated reasoning on all model artifacts in MDD. In this paper we show methodologies to bridge software modeling with ontology technologies and show applications where to adopt them.
Graphical models for high-level computer vision (2009)

The goal of image understanding has long been a shared goal in the field of computer vision. Extracting the required scene-level information from image data is a formidable task, however. While the raw data comes in the form of matrices of numbers, the inferences that we must perform occur at a much higher level of abstraction. Much progress has been made in recent years in extracting the primitives of an image in isolation, for example detecting the objects, labeling the regions, or extracting the surfaces. Modeling the interactions and fine-grained distinctions between these primitives is an important next step along the path to scene understanding. Because this involves reasoning about relationships between heterogeneous entities at a high level of abstraction, this problem lends itself well to the tools of probabilistic graphical models. 
In this thesis we consider two important challenges in this space. In the first, we model interactions between primitives of various types in order to capture the contextual relationships between them. For example, we can expect to find a sheep (a detected object) more often on a field of grass (a labeled region) than on a patch of water. By modeling the interactions between these components, we can expect to improve the quality of classification by leveraging these contextual cues. We first introduce Cascaded Classification Models (CCM), a flexible framework for combining various state-of-the-art vision models in a way that allows for improved performance of each model. We next consider the tasks of object detection and region labeling and develop a more sophisticated probabilistic model aimed at capturing the contextual relationships between these types of primitives in a more targeted and meaningful way. Our Things and Stuff (TAS) context model learns to leverage contextual cues directly from data. 
Following this exploration of interactions between objects, we consider the interactions of parts within an object, and in particular tackle the problem of descriptive querying of objects. This involves making distinctions about the object at a refined level, beyond mere categorization. For example, we may want to know whether a cheetah in an image is running or standing still. We introduce a probabilistic deformable shape model (LOOPS) and a method for matching this model to an image that allows for precise localization of several object classes. Using this localization, we show how descriptive distinctions can be drawn with a small amount of training data.
Allelic loss on a chromosome 17 in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. (1993)

Multiple tumor suppressor genes are implicated in the oncogenesis and progression of invasive carcinoma of the breast. To investigate the chronology of genetic changes we studied loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17 in ductal carcinoma in situ, a preinvasive breast cancer. A microdissection technique was used to separate tumor from normal stromal cells prior to DNA extraction and loss of heterozygosity was assayed mainly using simple sequence repeat polymorphism markers and the polymerase chain reaction. Loss of heterozygosity on 17p was observed in 8 of 28 tumors (29%) when compared with normal control DNA, whereas no loss was seen on 17q, suggesting that at least one locus on 17p is involved early in the development of breast cancer.
Progress report of D-C testing of generators in the field (1942)

For many years the company with which the authors are associated endeavored to find some satisfactory method of testing generator insulation in the field. With this in mind, it was decided to experiment with higher d-c potentials. Several d-c testers were built and a series of tests made. This paper describes the progress during the first ten years of testing generators in the field with high d-c voltage.
Synchronization in a force measurement system using EtherCAT (2008)

This paper addresses synchronization between master and slaves in a force measurement system using EtherCAT. One property of the system is that the operation of the measurement controller is strictly bound to the operation of the measurement nodes and not vice verse. The measurement nodes generate data in a cyclic fashion and the controller must fetch the data in each cycle. Two issues arise here. First of all the latency must be kept low to meet the overall target on step response time for the system. Secondly the communication must be robust, i.e. the controller is not allowed to miss data. This may happen due to jitter in the controller operation. This paper suggests a controller design based on a so called internal EtherCAT slave to strictly bind the operation of the controller to the operation of the measurement nodes.
Occult and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: Causes and diagnostic approach in 2009 (2009)

Gastrointestinal bleeding can be obscure or occult (OGIB), the causes and diagnostic approach will be discussed in this editorial. The evaluation of OGIB consists on a judicious search of the cause of bleeding, which should be guided by the clinical history and physical findings. The standard approach to patients with OGIB is to directly evaluate the gastrointestinal tract by endoscopy, abdominal computed tomography, angiography, radionuclide scanning, capsule endoscopy. The source of OGIB can be identified in 85%-90%, no bleeding sites will be found in about 5%-10% of cases. Even if the bleedings originating from the small bowel are not frequent in clinical practice (7.6% of all digestive haemorrhages, in our casuistry), they are notoriously difficult to diagnose. In spite of progress, however, a number of OGIB still remain problematic to deal with at present in the clinical context due to both the difficulty in exactly identifying the site and nature of the underlying source and the difficulty in applying affective and durable diagnostic approaches so no single technique has emerged as the most efficient way to evaluate OGIB.
Rules for Antiparallel β-Sheet Design:  <scp>d</scp>-Pro-Gly Is Superior to <scp>l</scp>-Asn-Gly for β-Hairpin Nucleation<sup>1</sup> (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRules for Antiparallel β-Sheet Design: d-Pro-Gly Is Superior to l-Asn-Gly for β-Hairpin Nucleation1Heather E. Stanger and Samuel H. GellmanView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 17, 4236–4237Publication Date (Web):April 22, 1998Publication History Received27 October 1997Published online22 April 1998Published inissue 1 May 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja973704qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja973704qrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1685Altmetric-Citations236LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Conformation,Peptides and proteins,Protein folding,Sodium,Solution chemistry Get e-Alerts
Editorial Comment (2006)

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult urology1 Oct 2006Editorial Comment Andrew J. Stephenson and Eric A. Klein Andrew J. StephensonAndrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author and Eric A. KleinEric A. Klein More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.06.124AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 176(4), pp. 1429–1430 References 1 : Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatous germ cell testicular cancer: impact of patient selection factors on outcome. J Clin Oncol2005; 23: 2781. Google Scholar 2 : Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (P-RPLND) versus induction chemotherapy (IC) for the management of clinical stage (CS) IIA and IIB nonseminomatous germ cell testicular cancer (NSGCT). J Urol2005; 173: 196. abstract 720. Link, Google Scholar 3 : Incidence of late-relapse germ cell tumor and outcome to salvage chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol2005; 23: 6999. Google Scholar 4 : Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in patients with low stage testicular cancer with embryonal carcinoma predominance and/or lymphovascular invasion. J Urol2005; 174: 557. Link, Google Scholar Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio© 2006 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 176Issue 4October 2006Page: 1429-1430 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2006 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Andrew J. Stephenson More articles by this author Eric A. Klein More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Die europäischen Arten der Gattung Opius Wesm. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Teil Va (1959)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Concept Drift Detection Of Event Streams Using An Adaptive Window (2019)

Process mining is an emerging data mining task of gathering valuable knowledge out of the huge collections of business operation data. Despite its relatively young age, it has successfully provided many new insights into business workflows using established data mining techniques. Recently, with the huge improvements in the technologies of sensoring, collection and storing of data, a big demand for both shorter mining times and adaptive models of streaming process events arose. This initiated the field of stream process mining very recently. Drifts in the underlying concepts of the business processes are of a great interest for decision makers. One important advantage of stream process mining techniques over static ones is the ability to detect such drifts and to adapt its models accordingly. In this paper, we introduce an efficient approach that uses the collected information of an event stream miner to detect concept drifts. We use a dynamic window, which grows in size for stationary process behavior and shrinks for diverting data and thus indicating a concept drift. This adaptive window is used to build a model by focusing only on up-to-date information and discarding outdated items. Extensive experimental evaluations over real and synthetic log files show the ability of our algorithm to detect sudden drifts. We additionally show the effectiveness of our concept detection method in setting the pruning period of a recent stream mining algorithm.
Characterization of the interaction of the glp repressor of Escherichia coli K-12 with single and tandem glp operator variants (1994)

The glp operons of Escherichia coli are negatively controlled by the glp repressor. Comparison of the repressor-binding affinities for consensus and altered consensus operators in vivo showed that all base substitutions at positions 3, 4, 5, and 8 from the center of the palindromic operator caused a striking decrease in repressor binding. Substitutions at other positions had a severe to no effect on repressor binding, depending on the base substitution. The results obtained indicate that the repressor binds with highest affinity to operators with the half-site WATKYTCGWW, where W is A or T, K is G or T, and Y is C or T. Strong cooperative binding of the repressor to tandem operators was demonstrated in vivo. Cooperativity was maximal when two 20-bp operators were directly repeated or when 2 bp separated the two operators. Cooperativity decreased with the deletion of 2 bp or the addition of 4 bp between the individual operators. Cooperativity was eliminated with a 6-bp insertion between the operators.
Synthesis of aristeromycin analogs. (1976)

Reaction of aristeromycin (I) with acetyl bromide in acetonitrile, followed by treatment with hydrobromic acid afforded 3'β-bromo-3'-deoxyaristeromycin hydrobromide (V) and 2'β-bromo-2'-deoxyaristeromycin hydrobromide (VI). Catalytic reduction of V and VI with palladium on charcoal gave 3'-deoxyaristeromycin (X) and 2'-deoxyaristeromycin (XI), respectively. Treatment of V with sodium alkoxide yielded 2', 3'-anhydroaristeromycin (IV). Two carbocyclic analogs (XII and XV) of inosine and 6-mercaptopurine ribonucleoside, 8-bromoaristeromycin (XVI) and 8-hydroxyaristeromycin (XVII) were also prepared.
Annual survival rate and age structure of habu, <i>Trimeresurus flavoviridis</i> (Viperidae), on Minna island, Japan: Estimation from removal trapping (1994)

Abstract A population of a viperid snake, Trimeresurus flavoviridis , was studied over 10 years by removal trapping on a small subtropical island in Japan. The sex ratio of trapped individuals changed seasonally, but was not biased to either sex in the whole sample of 258 individuals. The age of each individual was estimated through the size structure and the age‐size relationship. The minimum number of individuals at the beginning of the study was estimated through accumulating older individuals trapped in the subsequent years. By assuming an annual natural survival rate in the course of this accumulation, an age structure was simulated which led to calculate a resulted natural survival rate. The assumed rate of 0.62 fitted best to the resulted one. The annual trapped proportion estimated on the simulated absolute number of individuals was higher in older individuals than in younger ones with the overall mean of 16%.
An integrated approach to collaborative decision making using computersupported conflict management methodology (2005)

This work describes and evaluates an integrated system of computing information technologies to support the data mining and knowledge discovery of qualitative data collected from groups with diverse objectives and multiple, possibly conflicting criteria. The system provides a method and supporting infrastructure to produce a shared view and common objective based on the data collected, hence managing effectively a conflict situation. This multidisciplinary research combines social scientific fields of conflict resolution, group dynamics, social psychology, and sociology with current knowledge in computer technology, decision sciences, database development, data mining and data fusion. The goal is to build human and information systems that maintain the human-in-the-loop, but provide for more efficacious decision support and collaborative resolution and planning. By combining an action evaluation (AE) Web based elicitation process with database management system and searching schemes, an integrated platform is developed to collaboratively reach consensus and resolve conflicts. The system was implemented and validated with actual projects. Qualitative assessment of its effectiveness and use was also carried out. Conclusions derived from this experience are made in order to improve the system's design and future development.