gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable diode laser sensor for multiple species monitoring in harsh atmospheres (2004)

Energy intensive industries such as steel, aluminum, and glass require combustion processes that are characteristically at high temperature with high levels of particulate matter. Monitoring and control of these processes for improved efficiency, pollutant reduction, and product quality requires a sensor adaptable for such harsh environments. Traditional industrial monitoring relies on extractive sampling that requires frequent maintenance due to probe plugging or corrosion and routine calibration. In addition, capturing the temporal behavior of the process can be problematic with extractive sampling systems because of the slow response time associated with the sampling line lengths and slow response analyzers. To meet the demands of these harsh combustion processes the ideal sensor would perform in-situ process monitoring, require little or no maintenance and provide real-time process information The use of tunable diode lasers based on absorption monitoring overcomes many of the problems associated with conventional extractive sampling. However, the majority of industrial combustion processes will undergo temperature variations along with changes in the atmosphere oxidation or reducing state during normal operation. Therefore, temperature monitoring along with key combustion species monitoring that describes the atmosphere e.g., O<sub>2</sub> and CO, is often necessary for optimal process control. The temperature is not only a useful parameter describing the state of the process, but is needed to accurately determine the species concentration since the absorption measured is dependent on temperature. To monitor both reducing and oxidizing combustion atmospheres in addition to gas temperature requires a diode laser system capable of multiple species monitoring. Here we describe an industrial prototype system operating in the near-infrared for simultaneous monitoring of O<sub>2</sub> (.76 μm), CO (1.5 μm), H<sub>2</sub>O (1.5 μm) and gas temperature. The prototype system addresses the issues of added complexity with multiple species monitoring by using only two diode lasers and a beam launch and receiver optical design to discriminate the vastly different laser wavelengths while suppressing background radiation noise and beam steering from thermal gradients. Measurement results using the system for industrial process monitoring on a 100-ton/hr steel reheat furnace are presented. The measurements in this test were conducted at different zones in the furnace and at different heights relative to the processed material. The results show dynamic variations in concentration and temperature that could aid in improved atmosphere control.
Thick classes and universal weasels (2017)

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N-Hydroxy amides. 7. Synthesis and properties of linear and cyclic hexapeptides containing three N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine residues as models for ferrichrome (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Hydroxy amides. 7. Synthesis and properties of linear and cyclic hexapeptides containing three N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine residues as models for ferrichromeMasayasu Akiyama, Akira Katoh, and Tsutomu MutohCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 26, 6089–6094Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00261a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00261a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views175Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Power control based on adaptive prediction in the CDMA/TDD system (2002)

An open-loop power control scheme in the CDMA/TDD system is presented, which is based on the adaptive prediction of the multipath fading channel. The linear and nonlinear adaptive prediction filters are studied. Computer simulations show that this scheme can achieve the precise power control even in the worse fading channel, and the Volterra based nonlinear filter provides the optimum performance.
Leiomyoma-related bleeding: a classic hypothesis updated for the molecular era (1996)

Leiomyomas are an important cause of menorrhagia and other forms of abnormal uterine bleeding. The pathogenesis of this process is largely unknown, however. A classic theory, first suggested by Sampson's work in 1912 (Surg. Gynecol. Obstet., 14, 215-230), states that local dysregulation of the vascular structures in the uterus is responsible for this abnormal bleeding. Recent work demonstrates dysregulation of a number of growth factors in the myomatous uterus. As many of these factors regulate the process of angiogenesis or have other effects on vascular structures, we hypothesize that this dysregulation of growth factors or their receptors provides the molecular mechanism underlying these vascular abnormalities. In turn, these abnormal vessels lead women with leiomyomas to experience menorrhagia. Factors that may prove to be important in this process include basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, parathyroid hormone-related protein and prolactin. Current treatment regimens for women with leiomyoma-related bleeding depend on manipulation of the steroid hormone environment. By better understanding the pathogenesis of this disease process, therapies directed against growth factor abnormalities may result in better treatment with less harmful side-effects.
Consistent Estimation of a Mixing Distribution (1992)

A maximum-penalized-likelihood method is proposed for estimating a mixing distribution and it is shown that this method produces a consistent estimator, in the sense of weak convergence. In particular, a new proof of the consistency of maximum-likelihood estimators is given. The estimated number of components is shown to be at least as large as the true number, for large samples. Also, the large-sample limits of estimators which are constrained to have a fixed finite number of components are identified as distributions minimizing Kullback-Leibler divergence from the true mixing distribution. Estimation of a Poisson mixture distribution is illustrated using the distribution of traffic accidents presented by Simar.
How in the world I came to write the Encyclopedic Dictionary (1991)

Many new words were entering the geophysical vocabulary in the early 1960s. The growth of the vocabulary was prompted by the major new changes in seismic methods then underway (Figure 1). Analog recording on magnetic tape was advocated as a means of selecting optimum filter and mixing settings afterwards rather than taking up time in the field. The common reflection point method (the original name for the common-midpoint method) had not yet been broadly accepted because it was feared that field costs would increase at a rate proportional to the data multiplicity. Vibroseis was becoming available. Digital recording was mainly proprietary to a few companies, and the concepts of signal analysis were not part of the thought pattern of most geophysicists.
The 4G/5G Genetic Polymorphism in the Promoter of the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Gene Is Associated with Differences in Plasma PAI-1 Activity but not with Risk of Myocardial Infarction in the ECTIM Study (1995)

We have investigated the interrelationships of plasma PAI-1 activity, the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in the ECTIM study, a case-control study of MI based in Belfast, Lille, Strasbourg and Toulouse. Mean PAI-1 levels in cases were similar across all centres but in controls, levels in the French centres were significantly higher. Only in Belfast were PAIl1 levels higher in cases (11.7 AU/ml) than controls (10.5 AU/ml). The PAI-1 4G allele frequency was similar in cases and controls (0.55 and 0.54). In all groups, 4G homozygotes had the highest mean plasma PAI-1 level (4G4G vs 5G5G; cases overall: 14.2 vs 12.1AU/ml; controls overall: 15.0 vs 12.6AU/ml), with the heterozygotes generally intermediate. The data from Belfast are consistent with the literature implicating PAI-1 level as an MI risk factor. In ECTIM, the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism is not a genetic risk factor for MI but is associated with PAI-1 activity. Thus homozygosity for the 4G allele may predispose to elevated PAI-1 and impaired fibrinolysis, perhaps requiring interaction with other genetic or environmental factors to influence MI risk.
C-glycoside synthesis by palladium-mediated glycal-aglycon coupling reactions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleC-glycoside synthesis by palladium-mediated glycal-aglycon coupling reactionsG. Doyle Daves, Jr.Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1990, 23, 6, 201–206Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00174a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00174a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1009Altmetric-Citations142LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hack I.T. - Security Through Penetration Testing (2002)

Hack I.T. introduces penetration testing and its vital role in an overall network security plan. You will learn about the roles and responsibilities of a penetration testing professional, the motivation and strategies of the underground hack community, and potential system vulnerabilities, along with corresponding avenues of attack. Most importantly, the book provides a framework for performing penetration testing and offers step-by-step descriptions of each stage in the process. The latest information on the necessary hardware for performing penetrating testing, as well as an extensive reference on the available security tools, is included.
A DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK FOR OPEN SERVICE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (1999)

The discovery of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) in 2001 has raised a number of intriguing questions about its role in lipid transport and triglyceride (TG) homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies have consistently identified APOA5 as a regulator of plasma TG levels, which is further supported by studies in transgenic and knockout mouse models. The present review describes recent concepts pertaining to the roles of APOA5 in TG metabolism as related to the vascular compartment, liver, adipose tissue and the gut. Recent evidence indicates that APOA5 may also affect postprandial TG metabolism through influencing chylomicron formation and transport by the intestine into the intestinal lymph. While substantial evidence supports the notion that APOA5 plays both extracellular and intracellular roles in TG homeostasis, mysteries remain on how this low-abundance, liver-derived protein may modulate TG homeostasis, including via the gut. Given the strong correlation between elevated plasma TG and cardiometabolic diseases, there is great scientific and public interest in understanding the intriguing mysteries presented by APOA5.
Experimental Study of Particles Induced by Screw Tightening Process for Hard Disc Drive Assembly: Effects of ‘Bit’ Speed (2018)

The morphology of particles generated during screw tightening process in hard disc drive assembly was studied using a media installing tool kit under a class 100 clean room condition. The screws were made of martensitic 410 stainless steel and the 'bit' was made of S2 tool steel. The 'bit' speeds used during the screw tightening process can be divided into two steps: the beginning and the final speeds. The effect of both speeds on the morphology of particles generated was investigated. The studied parameters were the aspect ratio and the appearance cross-sectional area of particles. Particles with different sizes were found suggesting that there were different wear mechanisms. Small particles were caused by adhesive wear, while the larger particles were generated by fatigue wear. The appearance cross-sectional area of particles was found to decrease with increase in both speeds within the speed of 250 r/min, after which the appearance crosssectional area appeared to be constant. The effect of cold-weld at asperities was obvious resulting in an increase in aspect ratio at a higher speed. The understanding of the effect of bit speed on the particles morphology during the screw tightening processes could be very useful in the design of the cleaning system in hard disc drive production.
Functional MRI of liver using BOLD MRI: Effect of glucose (2010)

Our preliminary data presented here demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining functional liver images that illustrate the changes in oxygen consumption. Further studies are necessary to fully validate the technique. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:988-991. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Prevention of bone mineral loss in postmenopausal women by norethisterone. (1985)

The effect of norethisterone on bone mineral metabolism was examined in 43 postmenopausal women. A significant decline in serum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase in urinary calcium/creatinine ratio and in tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate was demonstrated. There was no alteration in urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio. The bone mineral content measured over two years by single photon absorptiometry was compared in 20 patients receiving norethisterone and a matched control group receiving placebo. There was significant protection against bone loss in the norethisterone group.
Epoxysuccinyl Peptide-Derived Cathepsin B Inhibitors: Modulating Membrane Permeability by Conjugation with the C-Terminal Heptapeptide Segment of Penetratin (2002)

Besides its physiological role in lysosomal protein breakdown, extralysosomal cathepsin B has recently been implicated in apoptotic cell death. Highly specific irreversible cathepsin B inhibitors that are readily cell-permeant should be useful tools to elucidate the effects of cathepsin B in the cytosol. We have covalently functionalised the poorly cell-permeant epoxysuccinyl-based cathepsin B inhibitor [R-Gly-Gly-Leu-(2S,3S)-tEps-Leu-Pro-OH; R=OMe] with the C-terminal heptapeptide segment of penetratin (R=epsilonAhx-Arg-Arg-Nle-Lys-Trp-Lys-Lys-NH2). The high inhibitory potency and selectivity for cathepsin B versus cathepsin L of the parent compound was not affected by the conjugation with the penetratin heptapeptide. The conjugate was shown to efficiently penetrate into MCF-7 cells as an active inhibitor, thereby circumventing an intracellular activation step that is required by other inhibitors, such as the prodrug-like epoxysuccinyl peptides E64d and CA074Me.
Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in saliva of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and in persons at risk for AIDS (1986)

Whole saliva samples collected from available people at risk in Boston for infection with human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV), from late 1984 through early 1985, were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to viral proteins. Fourteen of 20 (70%) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and 14 of 15 (93%) AIDS- related complex (ARC) patients had salivary antibodies that reacted with the virus-encoded glycoproteins gp160 and gp120 of HTLV-III infected cells. All of the AIDS and ARC patients had serum antibodies to the same antigens. Of 20 sex partners of AIDS/ARC patients, nine (45%) showed anti-HTLV-III antibodies, and four of 18 (22%) healthy homosexual males also were positive for such antibodies. Serum and salivary antibody status were the same in these groups. A minority of those patients positive for salivary antibodies to env gene-encoded gp160 and gp120 also had salivary antibodies to gag gene-encoded proteins of 55,000, 24,000, and/or 17,000 daltons. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) class antibodies comprised the majority of the salivary antibody response. The spectrum of HTLV-III proteins detected by the salivary and serum antibodies was similar. The possibility that secretory IgA from the gut-associated lymphoid system may play a role to restrict salivary transmission of HTLV-III should be considered.
The fabrication of submicron patterns on curved substrates using a polydimethylsiloxane film mould (2004)

Submicron features have been formed on polymer-coated cylindrical and spherical substrates via hot-embossing with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film stamp, without the use of high pressure. The use of flexible PDMS moulds offers a unique advantage over conventional methods, because they cover curved substrates easily, maintaining good contact with the substrate even during the hot-embossing procedure. Using this approach, uniform submicron patterns have been easily generated on curved substrates without distortion or defect formation, eliminating the need for complex and expensive lithography processes.
The Gunpowder Plot and James I's Elimination of Catholicism in England (2018)

In the predawn hours of November 5 th , 1605 darkness loomed above the English House of Parliament.Hiding below in a cold, damp cellar, a traitor hid with thirtysix barrels of gunpowder.He intended, with the strike of a match, to blow a hole through the heart of his nation, engulfing the King, the Commons, the Lords, and the Bishops in a ball of flame that would end seventy-five years of oppression.But before he could light that match, Guy Fawkes was discovered by the King's men, tortured, and executed for treason.He represented the most devilish intention of England's secret Catholics-to violently overthrow King James. 1 Or, at least, this is how the traditional story goes.The historical evidence suggests something else entirely.Fear has the power to inspire unprecedented change, to unite a divided nation, and in 1605, this is just what England needed to rid itself of its Catholic problem once and for all.The English government likely fabricated the details of what came to be known as the "Gunpowder Plot" and attributed blame to the Jesuits in order to turn public opinion against Catholics and justify the harsh laws that would ultimately end widespread Catholic recusancy and unite a nation that had been divided over faith for 75 years.In 1530 King Henry VIII requested an annulment of his marriage to his first wife, Catherine of Aragon and set into motion a chain of events that would ultimately result in the "Gunpowder Plot."Because he was Catholic, Henry could not divorce his
Tissue engineering (2005)

The current limitations in regenerative medicine techniques and the gaps in current knowledge of cellular biology and tissue development represent significant research opportunities in tissue engineering.
Reconstructing the Phase Space With Fractional Derivatives (2003)

Fractional derivatives are applied in the reconstruction of the phase space of dynamical systems with a single observable. The fractional derivatives of time series data are obtained in the frequency domain. The method is applied to a Duffing oscillator, the Lorenz system, and data from a two-well experiment. The ability of the method to unfold the data is assessed by the method of global false nearest neighbors. The reconstructed data is used to compute recurrences and correlation dimensions. The reconstruction is compared to the method of delays in order to assess the choice of reconstruction parameters, and also the quality of results.
Synthesis of Optically Active δ-Dodecalactone via Chiral Resolution Using CPF (2007)

(R)-6-Heptyltetrahydropyran-2-one and its S-enantiomer were synthesized via chiral resolution of (±)-1-undecen-4-ol by (R)-3a-allyl-3,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]furan (CPF). The R-enantiomer has sophisticated strong, fruity flavor, while the ­flavor of the S-enantiomer is soft and sweet, similar to apricot.
A simulation study for the design of a prototype insert for whole-body PET scanners (2006)

We are developing an insert device that will improve image resolution within a smaller field-of-view for clinical whole-body PET scanners. We modified SimSET (Simulation System for Emission Tomography) to simulate the insert and a PET scanner. The system consists of two detector rings. The inner ring represents an insert (r=153 mm) with high-resolution detectors using 10 mm thick LSO. The outer ring represents a PET scanner (R=413 mm) with 25 mm thick LSO. Events were binned into three sets of sinograms assuming a 2.4 and 6.75 mm crystal-pitch for the insert and the PET scanner, respectively. The detectors in the insert are modeled as 1, 2, or 4 layers with different offset configurations to evaluate the corresponding system resolution with the depth-of-interaction (DOI) effect. Results show that image resolution at 1 cm radial offset is improved from 5.6 mm full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the original PET scanner to 2.0 mm with the insert. At 12 cm offset, the resolution of the original system is 5.9 and 5.5 mm for radial and tangential directions, respectively. With the insert, the radial resolution is 5.0 mm FWHM for a single-layer detector design, but improves to 2.7 and 2.2 mm for 2and 4-layer DOI detectors, respectively. Different offsets for multi-layer detectors have negligible effect on resolution. Sensitivity of the device is, assuming the insert has a 2 cm axial extend, estimated to be 3.3%, including coincidence events from the insert-alone and insert-to-scanner sinograms. In contrast, if the insert is used as a stand-alone microPET scanner, its sensitivity is 1.3%.
[Superficial cutaneous nevus lipomatosus of Hoffmann-Zurhelle. Report of a case]. (1992)

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis is a rare idiopathic abnormality characterized by ectopic adipose tissue in the dermis. We present a typical case, making reference to the main clinical characteristics, histological peculiarities, pathogenical hypothesis and treatment of this tumor.