gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of antinuclear antibody testing methods: immunofluorescence assay versus enzyme immunoassay (1997)

Performances of anti-nuclear antibody testing by immunofluorescence assay (ANA-IFA) and enzyme immunoassay (ANA-EIA) were compared in relation to patient diagnosis. A total of 467 patient serum samples were tested by ANA-IFA (Kallestad; Sanofi) and ANA-EIA (RADIAS; Bio-Rad), and their age, sex, diagnosis, disease status, and medications were obtained through chart review. Reference ranges were established by testing 98 healthy blood donor samples. Eighty-six samples came from patients with diffuse connective tissue diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, discoid lupus erythematosus, or drug-induced lupus (n = 71); systemic sclerosis, CREST syndrome (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal motility abnormalities, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia), or Raynaud's syndrome (n = 8); Sjögren's syndrome (n = 5); mixed connective tissue disease (n = 5); and polymyositis or dermatomyositis (n = 3). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for ANA-IFA were 87.2, 48.0, 29.1, and 93.9%, respectively, for the reference range of < 1:160. For ANA-EIA, they were 90.7, 60.2, 35.8, and 96.4%, respectively, for the reference range of < 0.9. ANA-EIA offers equivalent sensitivity and higher specificity compared to ANA-IFA.
[2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. The Task Force on myocardial revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)]. (2020)

International audience
Circular Chevron Diffusion Pump Baffle (1963)

Design and construction details are given for a one piece, air-cooled, flange-type baffle having improved conductance characteristics.
Olfactory channels associated with the Drosophila maxillary palp mediate short- and long-range attraction (2016)

The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster is equipped with two peripheral olfactory organs, antenna and maxillary palp. The antenna is involved in finding food, oviposition sites and mates. However, the functional significance of the maxillary palp remained unknown. Here, we screened the olfactory sensory neurons of the maxillary palp (MP-OSNs) using a large number of natural odor extracts to identify novel ligands for each MP-OSN type. We found that each type is the sole or the primary detector for a specific compound, and detects these compounds with high sensitivity. We next dissected the contribution of MP-OSNs to behaviors evoked by their key ligands and found that MP-OSNs mediate short- and long-range attraction. Furthermore, the organization, detection and olfactory receptor (Or) genes of MP-OSNs are conserved in the agricultural pest D. suzukii. The novel short and long-range attractants could potentially be used in integrated pest management (IPM) programs of this pest species.
Coenzyme Q10 treatment improves the tolerance of the senescent myocardium to pacing stress in the rat (1998)

Objective: In elderly patients the results of cardiac interventions are inferior to those in the young. A possible contributing factor is an age-related reduction in cellular energy transduction during the intervention which may induce aerobic or ischemic stress. To investigate whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) improves the response to aerobic stress, functional recoveries of senescent and young rat hearts after rapid pacing were compared with or without CoQ10. Methods: Young (4.8±0.1 months) and senescent (35.3±0.2 months) rats were given daily intraperitoneal injections of CoQ10 (4 mg/kg) or vehicle for 6 weeks. Their isolated hearts were rapidly paced at 510 beats per minute for 120 min to induce aerobic stress without ischemia. Results: In senescent hearts pre-pacing cardiac work was 74% and oxygen consumption (MVO2) 66% of that in young hearts. CoQ10 treatment abolished these differences. After pacing, the untreated senescent hearts, compared to young, showed reduced recovery of pre-pacing work, (16.8±4.3 vs. 44.5±7.4%; P<0.01). CoQ10 treatment in senescent hearts improved recovery of work, (48.1±4.1 vs. 16.8±4.3%; P<0.0001) and MVO2 (82.1±2.8 vs. 61.3±4.0%; P<0.01) in treated versus untreated hearts respectively. Post-pacing levels of these parameters in CoQ10 treated senescent hearts were as high as in young hearts. Conclusions: (1) Senescent rat hearts have reduced baseline function and reduced tolerance to aerobic stress compared to young hearts. (2) Pre-treatment with CoQ10 improves baseline function of the senescent myocardium and its tolerance to aerobic stress.
The near infrared spectra of some polyamic acid resins (1975)

Abstract The absorption spectra of a series of polyamic acids prepared using various reaction conditions were studied using the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near‐infrared (IR) ranges. The near‐IR proved most valuable; the amidization and imidization processes could be followed by observing the change of intensities of the 1950‐nm combination amine band and a band at 2300 nm assumed to be a function of the amide group.
Requirements for DNA Unpairing during Displacement Synthesis by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (2004)

DNA displacement synthesis by reverse transcriptase during retroviral replication is required for the production of the linear precursor to integration. The sensitivity of unpaired thymines to KMnO(4) oxidation was used to probe for the extent of DNA melting by human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase in front of the primer terminus in model oligonucleotide-based displacement constructs. Unpairing of the two base pairs downstream of the primer (+1 and +2 positions) requires the presence of the next correct dNTP, indicating that DNA melting only occurs after the formation of the ternary complex with the enzyme tightly clamped around the DNA. The amount or extent of DNA melting is not significantly affected by the length of the already-displaced strand or the base composition of the DNA beyond the +2 position. The F61W mutant form of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, which is partially impaired for displacement synthesis, exhibits a reduction in the amount of melting at the +1 and +2 positions. These results demonstrate the importance of the observed melting to displacement synthesis and suggest that the unpairing reaction is mediated by an intimate association between the fingers region of the enzyme and the DNA in the closed clamp conformation of the protein.
Drug evaluation: E-5564. (2004)

Eisai Co Ltd is developing the injectable endotoxin antagonist E-5564, for the potential prevention of the pathophysiological effects of endotoxin-mediated responses caused by bacterial infection, including septic shock.
ModelMaker: a tool for rapid modeling from device descriptions (2002)

Describes a tool to facilitate rapid modeling of devices from informal documents. ModelMaker analyzes and indexes the source document for the noun phrases and identifiers it contains. When the engineer needs information on pins, components or other indexed features for behavioral modeling, ModelMaker returns all relevant text from the source document. The returned information can be ordered sequentially or on its behavioral or structural content. The VHDL model under development can be edited to add behavioral code and to insert source document fragments as comments. The initial VHDL model is derived from a block diagram of the source document using a schematic capture tool. ModelMaker is currently being extended to automatically extract behavioral information for the engineer.
[Measurement of fecal hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex as a new diagnostic tool of lower gastrointestinal tract diseases]. (1994)

An immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) of human hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex (Hb-Hp complex) was established for the purpose of clinical application as a new fecal occult blood test. This IRMA reacted with free human Hb and Hp as well as Hb-Hp complex and its measurable range was 3.125 through 800 ng/ml. Its cross-reaction with other animal Hb and serum was little enough to neglect. The immunoreactivity of Hb-Hp complex was more stable than that of free Hb in incubation with gastric juice and fecal extracts. Of 48 stools from the patients with colorectal cancer, 44 (91.7%) gave positive (above 10 ng/ml in fecal extract) test in Hb-Hp complex-IRMA, whereas 35 (72.9%) (p < 0.05) gave positive result (above 10 ng/ml in fecal extract) in Hb-IRMA. At proximal site of cancer, positive rate of Hb-Hp complex in feces was significantly high (p < 0.05) compared with Hb. Of 64 stools from the patients with colorectal adenomas, 56 (87.5%) gave positive test in Hb-Hp complex, whereas 46 (71.9%) (p < 0.05), 28 (43.8%) (p < 0.01) and 33 (51.5%) showed positive in Hp, Hb and Guaiac test, respectively. In every size and site of adenoma, fecal Hb-Hp complex showed significantly high (p < 0.01) positivity compared with Hb and Guaiac test. These results suggest that the measurement of Hb-Hp complex in fecal extracts may be a useful tool for the early detection of lower gastrointestinal diseases.
Improving the Search on the Internet by Using WordNet and Lexical Operators (1999)

A vast amount of information is available on the Internet, and naturally, many information gathering tools have been developed. Search engines with different characteristics, such as AltaVista, Lycos, Infoseek, and others are available. However, there are inherent difficulties associated with the task of retrieving information on the Internet: (1) the web information is diverse and highly unstructured, (2) the size of information is large and it grows at an exponential rate. While these two issues are profound and require long term solutions, still it is possible to develop software around the search engines to improve the quality of the information retrieved. In this paper we present a natural language interface system to a search engine. The search improvement achieved by our system is based on: (1) a query extension using WordNet and (2) the use of new lexical operators that replace the classical boolean operators used by current search engines. Several tests have been performed using the TIPSTER topics collection, provided at the 6th Text Retrieval Conference (TREC-6); the results obtained are presented and discussed.
Influence of Water, Fat, and Glycerol on the Mechanism of Thermal Prion Inactivation (2007)

Extending the recent analysis of the safety of industrial bovine fat-derived products for human consumption (Müller, H., Stitz, L., and Riesner, D. (2006) Eur. J. Lip. Sci. Technol. 108, 812-826), we investigated systematically the effects of fat, fatty acids, and glycerol on the heat destruction of prions. Prion destruction was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in PrP 27-30, or prion rods, by the inactivation of infectivity as well as by the degradation of the polypeptide backbone. Under all conditions analyzed, inactivation of prion infectivity was achieved more efficiently than backbone degradation by several orders of magnitude. The presence of fat enhanced prion inactivation and offers a mild treatment for prion decontamination. In contrast, the presence of fat, fatty acids, and especially glycerol protected the PrP 27-30 backbone against heat-induced degradation. Glycerol also protected against heat-induced inactivation of prion infectivity. A phase distribution analysis demonstrated that prions migrated to the interphase of a fat/water mixture at room temperature and accumulated in the water phase at higher temperatures. In a systematic study of the mechanism of prion destruction, we found an intermediate structure of PrP that has fewer fibrils in beta-sheet formation, lower resistance to protease digestion, greater aggregation, and reduced solubility compared with PrP 27-30 but retains residual infectivity. These findings suggest that prion infectivity depends on beta-sheet-rich fibrillar structure and that inactivation proceeds in a stepwise manner, which explains the tailing effect frequently observed during inactivation.
Interaction between the cytodomains of the α3 and β1 integrin subunits regulates remodelling of adhesion complexes on laminin (2000)

ABSTRACT The first step of laminin 1-induced signal transduction is initiated by the formation of α6β1 integrin-specific adhesion complexes. In contrast, on other laminin isoforms the adhesion complexes are α3β1 integrin-specific due to a transdominant regulation of the α6β1 integrin by the α3β1 integrin. To determine the mechanism of this regulation, peptides representing the cytoplasmic domain of the α3 or α6 integrin subunits were microinjected together with recombinant enhanced green fluorescence protein into live fibroblasts. Microinjection of the α3 integrin peptide to laminin 1-adherent cells displaying α6β1 integrin-specific adhesion complexes resulted in the disengagement of the α6β1 integrin, while microinjection of green fluorescence protein alone or in combination with the α6 integrin cytodomain had no effect. Further surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that the cytodomain of the β1 integrin subunit interacts with low affinity with the cytoplasmic tail of the α3 integrin subunit, but not with that of several other α subunits including α6. These results imply that the cytoplasmic tails of the integrin α subunits play a critical role in the regulation of integrin-induced signal transduction. In particular, the intracellular tail of the α3 integrin subunit controls the formation of adhesion complexes in cells adhering to laminins.
Diverse effects of camptothecin, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I, on the cell cycle of lymphocytic (L1210, MOLT-4) and myelogenous (HL-60, KG1) leukemic cells. (1990)

Exposure of mouse lymphocytic L1210 cells to 0.02-0.5 micrograms/ml of camptothecin (CAM) causes a slowdown in the rate of cell progression through S and G2 phases of the cell cycle; the "terminal" point of CAM action is about 1 h prior to mitosis. Some cells also enter higher DNA ploidy and progress through the cycle at that ploidy. CAM exerts similar effects (S- and G2-phase arrest, entrance to higher DNA ploidy, low initial cytotoxicity) on human lymphocytic MOLT-4 leukemia cells. In contrast, treatment of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells with CAM results in the immediate (occurring as early as 2 h after treatment) death of S- and G2+M-phase cells; the dead cells exhibit decreased DNA stainability with intercalating dyes, suggestive of DNA degradation. Although CAM is less cytotoxic to another human myelogenous leukemic cell line, KG1, the latter cells also respond like HL-60, namely by selective death in S and G2. The data indicate that there may be a tissue (leukemia type) specificity in the response of cells to camptothecin and suggest that myelogenous leukemias, especially those characterized by high proliferation rates, may be especially sensitive to the cytotoxic action of this and perhaps other topoisomerase I inhibitors.
Ab initio molecular orbital calculations on the neutral hydrolysis and methanolysis of azetidinones, including catalysis by water. Relationship to the mechanism of action of β-lactam antibiotics (1994)

The docking of penicillins to a computer model of the active site of the penicillin-binding protein of Streptomyces R61 produces structures that exhibit a four-centred interaction between the O-H of a serine residue and the (O)C-N of the β-lactam ring. If such a structure is a stationary point on the reaction coordinate for the acylation of the serine OH by the β-lactam carbonyl group, the acylation mechanism would appear to consist of O—C and H—N bond formation, concerted with the cleavage of the C—N bond. The existence of this "N-protonation" mechanism, and the energetics of this mechanism in comparison to the usual "O-protonation" pathway in which proton transfer to oxygen and addition to the carbonyl group precede C—N bond fission, have been examined by ab initio MO calculations on the neutral hydrolysis and methanolysis of N-methylazetidinone, penam, and penam-3α-carboxylate. The geometries of reactants and transition structures have been optimized fully at the 3-21G or 3-21G* levels, the existence of transition structures has been confirmed by vibrational analysis, thermochemical data have been computed, and the one-point energies of all structures have been determined at the MP2/6-31G* level. The N-protonation mechanism is found to exist with all substrates, and to be preferred over the O-protonation mechanism by over 5 kcal/mol. The activation energies are 5 kcal/mol lower in the bicyclic penam than in the monocyclic N-methylazetidinone, and attack from the convex face is preferred over attack from the concave face. The introduction of a 3α-carboxylate group, as in penicillin itself, results in an additional 5 kcal/mol decrease in activation energy. The origins of these trends are discussed. Since the active sites of some penicillin-recognizing enzymes contain at least one water molecule, catalysis of the foregoing reactions by one water molecule has also been examined. The catalysis amounts to over 10 kcal/mol in both the N- and O-protonation mechanisms, and the preference for the N-protonation mechanism is maintained. It is concluded that penicillin complexes to its receptor in such a manner as to allow acylation of the active site serine residue to proceed via the energetically most favourable mechanism.
Treatment of distal ulcerative colitis (proctosigmoiditis) in relapse: comparison of hydrocortisone enemas and rectal hydrocortisone foam. (1980)

Thirty patients with distal colitis (proctosigmoiditis) in relapse were randonly allocated to twice daily treatment with traditional aqueous hydrocotrisone enemas (Cortenemas) or a suspension of hydrocortisone in an inert foam base (Colifoam). Each treatment contained the same amount of hydrocortisone. Clinical, sigmoidoscopic, and histological response was assessed after two weeks. Both agents were effective, and broadly similar in terms of objective improvement, but subjective improvement was greater with the foam preparation, and several patients expressed a preference to this mode of treatment.
Building enterprise portals: principles to practice (2003)

Primary objective of this paper is to offer an exclusive view of constructing and deploying enterprise portals by using a component-based development approach. As the dot-com hype dies down, most companies are forced to revisit their enterprisewide Web integration strategies. This paper offers a pragmatic roadmap that these companies may follow in their upcoming enterprise portal deployment initiatives. The academic world plays a significant role in the advances of the portal technology. In this paper, we address the challenges faced in building enterprise portals as a new principle of software engineering. We also explain how the academia will play a significant role in meeting most of these challenges.
Organization and chromosomal localization of the murine Testisin gene encoding a serine protease temporally expressed during spermatogenesis (2001)

The recently characterized human serine protease, Testisin, is expressed on premeiotic testicular germ cells and is a candidate type II tumor suppressor for testicular cancer. Here we report the cloning, characterization and expression of the gene encoding mouse Testisin, Prss21. The murine Testisin gene comprises six exons and five introns and spans approximately 5 kb of genomic DNA with an almost identical structure to the human Testisin gene, PRSS21. The gene was localized to murine chromosome 17 A3.3-B; a region syntenic with the location of PRSS21 on human chromosome 16p13.3. Northern blot analyses of RNA from a range of adult murine tissues demonstrated a 1.3 kb mRNA transcript present only in testis. The murine Testisin cDNA shares 65% identity with human Testisin cDNA and encodes a putative pre-pro-protein of 324 amino acids with 80% similarity to human Testisin. The predicted amino-acid sequence includes an N-terminal signal sequence of 27 amino acids, a 27 amino-acid pro-region, a 251 amino-acid catalytic domain typical of a serine protease with trypsin-like specificity, and a C-terminal hydrophobic extension which is predicted to function as a membrane anchor. Immunostaining for murine Testisin in mouse testis demonstrated specific staining in the cytoplasm and on the plasma membrane of round and elongating spermatids. Examination of murine Testisin mRNA expression in developing sperm confirmed that the onset of murine Testisin mRNA expression occurred at approximately day 18 after birth, corresponding to the appearance of spermatids in the testis, in contrast to the expression of human Testisin in spermatocytes. These data identify the murine ortholog to human Testisin and demonstrate that the murine Testisin gene is temporally regulated during murine spermatogenesis.
Litho-Density Tool Calibration (1985)

Abstract A second-generation density logging tool has been developed that uses a gamma-ray source and two Nal scintillator detectors for borehole measurement of electron density, pe, and a quantity Fpe that is related to the lithology of the formation. An active stabilization system controls the gains of the two detectors, which permits selective gamma-ray detection. Spectral analysis is performed in the near detector (two energy windows) and in the detector farther away from the source (three energy windows). This paper describes the results of laboratory measurements undertaken to define the basic tool response. The tool is shown to provide reliable measurements of formation density and lithology under a variety of environmental conditions.
Speckle-Visibility Spectroscopy of Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering (2017)

We show that the statistical analysis of photon counts in depolarized dynamic light scattering experiments allows for the accurate characterization of the rotational Brownian dynamics of particles. Unlike photon correlation spectroscopy, the technique is accurate even at low temporal resolution and enables discontinuous data acquisition, which offers several advantages. To demonstrate the usefulness of the method, we present a case study in which we analyze aqueous suspensions of tunicate cellulose nanocrystals and silica particles, and discuss aspects that are specific to particle sizing.
Widespread Dissemination in The Netherlands of the Epidemic Berlin Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Clone with Low-Level Resistance to Oxacillin (2004)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important human pathogen and represents a growing public health burden due to the emergence and spread of epidemic strains, particularly within the hospital environment. An epidemic MRSA clone, with characteristic low-level resistance to oxacillin, emerged in the year 2000 and became endemic in the Netherlands. Multilocus sequence typing characterized the strain as sequence type 45, which was previously designated the Berlin epidemic MRSA clone. In 2 years, this strain has become the predominant MRSA clone in the Netherlands.
Drug specific, tuning of an ionic liquid's hydrophilic–lipophilic balance to improve water solubility of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (2013)

Amphotericin B and itraconazole were used to demonstrate that ionic liquids can be designed or chosen to provide tunable hydrophilicity in one ion and lipophilicity in the other allowing one to match the structural requirements needed to solubilize poorly water soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. These liquid, amphiphilic excipients could be used as both drug delivery systems and solubilization agents to improve the aqueous solubility of many drugs. The solubility in deionized water, simulated gastric fluid, simulated intestinal fluid, and phosphate buffer solution was greatly improved over current methods for drug delivery by utilizing designed ionic liquids as excipients.
The Value of Education (1998)

Journal Article The Value of Education Get access Andrew Reid Andrew Reid Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 32, Issue 3, November 1998, Pages 319–331, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.00098 Published: 16 December 2002