gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier freeze-out in strained p-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ layers (2002)

In this paper, the carrier freeze-out in strained p-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ layers grown on [001] substrates is studied analytically. It is found that as the Ge fraction increases, the valence effective density of states (N/sub V/)/sub SiGe//(N/sub V/)Si normalized by that in Si decreases. Furthermore, as the temperature becomes lower, the decrease in (N/sub V/)/sub SiGe//(N/sub V/)Si becomes more rapid. It is also show that as the Ge fraction increases, although it has little effect on the ionized doping concentration at room temperature, the ionized doping concentration increases at low temperatures compared with that in Si. This implies that carrier freeze-out is mitigated at low temperatures, which can have a beneficial effect on the operation of Si/sub -x/Ge/sub x/-based devices at low temperatures.
Biphasic Effect of Recombinant Galectin‐1 on the Growth and Death of Early Hematopoietic Cells (2005)

Galectin-1 is a member of the family of beta-galactoside binding animal lectins, galectins. Its presence in the bone marrow has been detected; however, its role in the regulation of hematopoiesis is unknown. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of recombinant human galectin-1 on the proliferation and survival of murine and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We show that low amount of galectin-1 (10 ng/ml) increases the formation of granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid colonies and the frequencies of day-7 cobblestone area-forming cells on a lactose-inhibitable fashion. In contrast, high amount of galectin-1 (10 microg/ml) dramatically reduces the growth of the committed blood-forming progenitor cells as well as the much younger, lineage-negative hematopoietic cells (day-28 to -35 cobblestone area-forming cells). This inhibition is not blocked by lactose and, therefore, is largely independent of the beta-galactoside-binding site of the lectin. Furthermore, assays to detect apoptosis render it likely that the high amount of galectin-1 acts as a classical proapoptotic factor for the premature hematopoietic cells.
Selective Synthesis of Phenolic Mannich Bases under Solid-Liquid Phase Transfer Conditions (1983)

Aminomethylation de phenol, alkylphenols, hydroxy-4-acetophenone et -benzoate de methyle et de naphtols-2 par reaction avec des halogenures de (dimethyl methylene) ammonium en presence de K 2 CO 3 dans le toluene ou le dichloromethane
A comparison of design methodologies (1978)

article Free AccessA comparison of design methodologies Share on Author: John Parker SIMPACT Systems Limited SIMPACT Systems LimitedView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesVolume 3Issue 4October 1978 pp 12–19https://doi.org/10.1145/1010741.1010743Online:01 October 1978Publication History 4citation320DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations4Total Downloads320Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Structure-Based de Novo Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Non-Azole Inhibitors Specific for Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase of Fungi (2003)

The active site of lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51) was investigated via MCSS functional group mapping and LUDI calculations. Several non-azole lead molecules were obtained by coupling structure-based de novo design with chemical synthesis and biological evaluation. All of the lead molecules exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on CYP51 of Candida albicans. They occupy the substrate-binding site and interfere with the binding of azole antifungal agents in a competitive manner. The mode of action of the lead molecules was validated by spectrophotomeric analysis and SAR studies. This is the first successful example reported for the inhibitor design of the cytochrome P450 superfamily using the de novo design strategy. Because the affinity of the lead molecules for CYP51 was mainly attributed to their nonbonding interaction with the apoprotein, the studies presented here afford the opportunity to develop novel antifungal agents that specifically interact with the residues in the active site and avoid the serious toxicity arising from coordination binding with the heme of mammalian P450s.
Comparison of Tryptic Fragments of von Willebrand Factor Involved in Binding to Thrombin-Activated Platelets with Fragments Involved in Ristocetin-Induced Binding and Binding to Collagen (1986)

Previously we have studied the binding domains on von Willebrand factor (vWF) involved in ristocetin-induced binding to platelets (ristocetin binding domain, RBD) and in the binding of vWF to collagen (collagen binding domain, CBD) using tryptic fragments of 125I-labelled vWF (21, 23). We have also reported on the RBD, CBD and the domain on vWF involved in the binding to thrombin activated platelets (thrombin binding domain, TBD) using vWF-fragments prepared by digestion with staphylococcal protease V8 (25). In the present study, we have digested 125I-vWF with TPCK-trypsin and we have performed at various times of digestion immuno-precipitation with Mab 9, the antibody inhibiting binding of vWF to thrombin activated platelets. The data were compared with the immunoprecipitation patterns simultaneously obtained with CLB-RAg 35 which inhibits binding of vWF in the presence of ristocetin and with CLB-RAg 201, which inhibits binding of vWF to collagen. At 90 min, Mab 9 and CLB-RAg 201 precipitated similar high molecular weight bands, whereas CLB-RAg 35 precipitated bands at 180 and 120 kDa. After 24 h, Mab 9 precipitated bands at 200, 155, 116 and 85 kDa; CLB-RAg 201 precipitated a band at 48 kDa and CLB-RAg 35 a band at 116 kDa. Two-dimensional electrophoresis demonstrated that the high molecular weight bands, precipitated by Mab 9 and CLB-RAg 201 at 90 min, were identical. The 116 kDa fragment recognized by CLB-RAg 35 had a different subunit composition than the 116 kDa fragment precipitated by Mab 9.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A scan design for asynchronous sequential logic circuits using SR-latches (2002)

This paper presents a scan design for asynchronous sequential logic circuits (ASLCs) using modified SR-latches. With this scan structure, an ASLC is operated in an asynchronous way during the normal operation mode, while it is synchronized with clock signals during the test mode. The modified SR-latch is free of hazards and races for both fault-free and faulty circuits and the scan structure is race-free during normal operation and test modes. The structure achieves full testability of all single stuck-at faults.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FREQUENCY STABILIZATION OF A GAS LASER USING THE MAGNETIC LAMB DIP (1970)

The study of the nonlinear effects occuring in the output intensity of a Zeeman laser which exhibits x-y type loss anisotropy provides a method for stabilizing the laser frequency with the magnetic Lamb dip. The modulation of the magnetic field produces the discriminant for a feedback loop. The stabilized frequency may be tuned in a controlled way.
Workstation clusters for parallel computing (2001)

Workstation clusters have become an increasingly popular alternative to traditional parallel supercomputers for many workloads requiring high performance computing. The use of parallel computing for scientific simulations has increased tremendously in the last ten years, and parallel implementations of scientific simulation codes are now in widespread use. There are two dominant parallel hardware/software architectures in use today: distributed memory, and shared memory. Systems implementing shared memory provide cooperating processes with a shared memory address space that can be accessed by all processors. In shared memory systems, parallel processing occurs through the use of shared data structures, or through emulation of message passing semantics in software. Distributed memory systems are composed of a number of interconnected computational nodes, which do not share memory, but can communicate with each other through a high-performance network of some kind. Parallelism is achieved on distributed memory systems with multiple copies of the parallel program running on different nodes, sending messages to each other to coordinate computations. The messages used in a distributed memory parallel program typically contain application data, synchronization information, and other data that controls the execution of the parallel program.
Material damping of simple structures in a simulated space environment (1986)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Increased surface expression of HIV-1 envelope is associated with improved antibody response in vaccinia prime/protein boost immunization (2017)

HIV-1 envelope (Env)-based vaccines have so far largely failed to induce antibodies that prevent HIV-1 infection. One factor proposed to limit the immunogenicity of cell-associated Env is its low level of expression on the cell surface, restricting accessibility to antibodies. Using a vaccinia prime/protein boost protocol in mice, we explored the immunologic effects of mutations in the Env cytoplasmic tail (CT) that increased surface expression, including partial truncation and ablation of a tyrosine-dependent endocytosis motif. After vaccinia primes, CT-modified Envs induced up to 7-fold higher gp120-specific IgG, and after gp120 protein boosts, they elicited up to 16-fold greater Tier-1 HIV-1 neutralizing antibody titers, although results were variable between isolates. These data indicate that the immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env in a prime/boost vaccine can be enhanced in a strain-dependent manner by CT mutations that increase Env surface expression, thus highlighting the importance of the prime in this vaccine format.
The Impact of Non-Traditional Export Agriculture on Income and Food Availability in Guatemala: An Intra-Household Perspective (1994)

This paper assesses the impact of non-traditional agriculture exports (NTAE) in highland Guatemala on the level and distribution of household income, and the financing and purchase of food items. Heckman's two-step procedure was used to control for self-selection of NTAE producers and potential correlation of preferences. Farmers with greater extension of land, as well as younger Catholic farmers with higher-quality land, are most likely to adopt the new crops (broccoli, snow peas (mange-tout!), and NTAE crops are highly profitable for those who adopt them. Despite the widespread use of female labour in the production of NTAE crops, the extent of adoption is not negatively associated with women's ability to generate independent income. Land devoted to the new crops also exhibits a strong positive relationship with subsistence production of corn and beans. Weak evidence supports the hypothesis that distinct intra-household income transfer patterns obtained in NTAE crop-adopting households compared with non-adopting households: in the former, the level of the weekly food allowance provided to women by their husbands is less responsive to changes in both household and female income, making women's earnings a more important overall determinant of food expenditure. A simulation exercise showed that households that have not adopted new crops would use increases in income to augment food expenditures to a much greater extent than adopting households. Within adopting households, the impact of increases in women's income on food expenditures is nearly double that of increases in men's income. Women's flexibility with regard to the allocation of their labour time and income plays an important role in the relative success of non-traditional agriculture as a means of improving household food availability. Improving the food consumption of poor households is often an important implicit or explicit goal of income-generating strategies such as the promotion of non-traditional agricultural export (NTAE) crops. However, a fair amount of controversy surrounds the strength of the relationship between increases in household income and greater access to and intake of nutritious foods. This is particularly the case when those increases in income are based on the displacement of subsistence crops and/or are biased in flavour of men, who may have less propensity than women to spend marginal income gains on food for the family. The nutritional impact of NTAE in highland Guatemala was assessed in a conceptual framework that accounts for the mediating influences of changes in household income, subsistence food production, and alterations in intra-household resource transfers. The data were drawn from a survey of over 300 rural households in five central highland communities between October 1990 and August 1991.
Percutaneous Retroperitoneal Stimulation of the Sacral Plexus (1991)

A new percutaneous approach to stimulate the sacral plexus for the treatment of pain is described. The percutaneous electrode is inserted under fluoroscopy through the chosen dorsal and ventral sacral foramen and is advanced into the retroperitoneal layer where the plexus lies. The electrode, can be advanced several centimeters and lies in close proximity to the branches of the sacral plexus. Both motor and sensory responses can be elicited with electrical stimulation. Our initial experience with 4 implanted patients is presented and discussed. Several areas of the nervous system have been target for implantation of stimulating and recording electrodes for management of pain, as well as other indications. This includes parts of the cerebrum, brainstem, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. We report our initial experience with a new approach to stimulation of the peripheral nervous structures. That is stimulation of the sacral plexus through electrodes implanted percutaneously along the plexus in the retroperitoneal area. This initial report is not meant to give clinical results of this methodology, but simply to point to another route to apply electrical stimulation safely to various parts of the nervous system.
Carbene‐9‐BBN Ring Expansions as a Route to Intramolecular Frustrated Lewis Pairs for CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction (2014)

Reactions of phosphine-derived carbenes with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) result in ring-expansion reactions to generate novel intramolecular frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). These FLPs effect the catalytic reduction of CO2 in the presence of boranes to give BOB and methoxy-borate species.
The nicotinamide dinucleotide binding motif: a comparison of nucleotide binding proteins (1996)

Classical nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) binding proteins contain a beta alpha beta alpha beta unit. By comparing 14 such proteins, it is observed that an additional beta strand associates with this unit to form the "core" topology, the minimum structure necessary to bind cofactor. Although the overall topologies of the cofactor binding domains of nicotinamide binding proteins vary, they all contain at least the core topology. The first 30-35 amino acids of the core topology, called the "fingerprint" region, are diagnostic for the presence of a dinucleotide binding fold. There are four characteristics of this fingerprint region: 1) a phosphate binding consensus sequence, GXGXXG, 2) six positions usually occupied by small hydrophobic amino acids, 3) a conserved, negatively charged residue (Glu or Asp) at the end of the second beta strand of the fingerprint region, and 4) a conserved positively charged residue (Arg or Lys) at the beginning of the first beta strand of the fingerprint region. The core topologies of the classical nicotinamide binding proteins overlap well with root mean squared deviations of main chain atoms ranging from 0.7 to 4.7 A. A conserved interaction (found in 8 of the 12 classical nicotinamide binding proteins studied) between the cofactor and the protein is a hydrogen bond between the pyrophosphate oxygen of NAD(P)+ and the carboxy-terminal glycine of the phosphate binding helix, the first alpha helix of the beta alpha beta alpha beta unit. The classical nicotinamide binding proteins all bind their cofactor in the same location and orientation, with the cofactor itself adopting a similar extended conformation in every structure. Although observed less frequently than the classical fold, numerous nonclassical folding patterns are also used by proteins that bind NAD(P)+.
Convergence and Measurement of Inter-Departure Processes in a Pull Serial Line: Entropy and Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Approach (2002)

In this study, we consider infinite supply of raw materials and backlogged demands as given two boundary conditions. And we need not make any specific assumptions about the inter-arrival of external demand and service time distributions. We propose a numeric model and an algorithm in order to compute the first two moments of inter-departure process. Entropy enables us to examine the convergence of this process and to derive measurable relations of this process. Also, lower bound on the variance of inter-departure process plays an important role in proving the existence and uniqueness of an optimal solution for a numeric model and deriving the convergence order of augmented Lagrange multipliers method applied to a numeric model. Through these works, we confirm some structural properties and numeric examples how the validity and applicability of our study.
Gene-experience interaction alters the cholinergic septohippocampal pathway of mice (2000)

Spatial learning requires the septohippocampal pathway. The interaction of learning experience with gene products to modulate the function of a pathway may underlie use-dependent plasticity. The regulated release of nerve growth factor (NGF) from hippocampal cultures and hippocampus, as well as its actions on cholinergic septal neurons, suggest it as a candidate protein to interact with a learning experience. A method was used to evaluate NGF gene-experience interaction on the septohippocampal neural circuitry in mice. The method permits brain region-specific expression of a new gene by using a two-component approach: a virus vector directing expression of cre recombinase; and transgenic mice carrying genomic recombination substrates rendered transcriptionally inactive by a "floxed" stop cassette. Cre recombinase vector delivery into transgenic mouse hippocampus resulted in recombination in 30% of infected cells and the expression of a new gene in those cells. To examine the interaction of the NGF gene and experience, adult mice carrying a NGF transgene with a floxed stop cassette (NGFXAT) received a cre recombinase vector to produce localized unilateral hippocampal NGF gene expression, so-called "activated" mice. Activated and control nonactivated NGFXAT mice were subjected to different experiences: repeated spatial learning, repeated rote performance, or standard vivarium housing. Latency, the time to complete the learning task, declined in the repeated spatial learning groups. The measurement of interaction between NGF gene expression and experience on the septohippocampal circuitry was assessed by counting retrogradely labeled basal forebrain cholinergic neurons projecting to the hippocampal site of NGF gene activation. Comparison of all NGF activated groups revealed a graded effect of experience on the septohippocampal pathway, with the largest change occurring in activated mice provided with repeated learning experience. These data demonstrate that plasticity of the adult spatial learning circuitry can be robustly modulated by experience-dependent interactions with a specific hippocampal gene product.
Industrial Applications of the Sodium Silicates - Some Recent Developments (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIndustrial Applications of the Sodium Silicates - Some Recent Developments Reynold C. MerrillCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41, 2, 337–345Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50470a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50470a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views328Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Specification and Verification of Soft Error Performance in Reliable Internet Core Routers (2008)

This paper presents a methodology for developing a specification for soft error performance of an integrated hardware/software system that must achieve highly reliable operation. The methodology enables tradeoffs between reliability and cost to be made during the early silicon design and SW architecture phase. An accelerated measurement technique using neutron beam irradiation is also described that ties the final system performance to the reliability model and specification. The methodology is illustrated for the design of a line card for an internet core router.
Sleep, Hormones, and Circadian Rhythms throughout the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Women and Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (2010)

A relationship exists between the sleep-wake cycle and hormone secretion, which, in women, is further modulated by the menstrual cycle. This interaction can influence sleep across the menstrual cycle in healthy women and in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), who experience specific alterations of circadian rhythms during their symptomatic luteal phase along with sleep disturbances during this time. This review will address the variation of sleep at different menstrual phases in healthy and PMDD women, as well as changes in circadian rhythms, with an emphasis on their relationship with female sex hormones. It will conclude with a brief discussion on nonpharmacological treatments of PMDD which use chronotherapeutic methods to realign circadian rhythms as a means of improving sleep and mood in these women.