gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Use of a Surgical Grade Calcium Sulfate as a Bone Graft Substitute (2001)

In a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter study, 109 patients with bone defects were treated with a surgical grade calcium sulfate preparation as a bone graft substitute. The calcium sulfate pellets were used in place of morselized cancellous bone graft for the treatment of patients with bone defects who usually would require grafting secondary to trauma, periprosthetic bone loss, tumor, or fusion. The calcium sulfate was used alone or mixed with other materials such as bone marrow aspirate, demineralized bone matrix, or autograft. The defects that were treated were contained and were not necessary for the stability of the bony structure. Radiographic and clinical data were collected at predetermined intervals for 12 months. At 6 months postoperatively, radiographic results for all patients showed that 99% of the calcium sulfate had been resorbed and 88% of the defect was filled with trabeculated bone. There were 13 complications; however, only four (3.6%) were attributable to the product. The results of a subgroup of 46 patients with benign bone lesions treated in the same manner are identical to the results of the overall study population. Surgical grade calcium sulfate pellets are considered a convenient, safe, and readily available bone graft substitute that yield consistent successful results.
Displacement interpolation using Lagrangian mass transport (2011)

Interpolation between pairs of values, typically vectors, is a fundamental operation in many computer graphics applications. In some cases simple linear interpolation yields meaningful results without requiring domain knowledge. However, interpolation between pairs of distributions or pairs of functions often demands more care because features may exhibit translational motion between exemplars. This property is not captured by linear interpolation. This paper develops the use of displacement interpolation for this class of problem, which provides a generic method for interpolating between distributions or functions based on advection instead of blending. The functions can be non-uniformly sampled, high-dimensional, and defined on non-Euclidean manifolds, e.g., spheres and tori. Our method decomposes distributions or functions into sums of radial basis functions (RBFs). We solve a mass transport problem to pair the RBFs and apply partial transport to obtain the interpolated function. We describe practical methods for computing the RBF decomposition and solving the transport problem. We demonstrate the interpolation approach on synthetic examples, BRDFs, color distributions, environment maps, stipple patterns, and value functions.
Structural Aspects of Hydroxyproline-Containing Proteins (1983)

The occurrence of hydroxyproline (Hyp) in collagen, C1q and acetylcholineesterase (AChE) raises important questions concerning the role of this unusual imino acid in the structure and function of these proteins. Available data on collagen indicate that Hyp is necessary for the normal secretion of the protein after its synthesis and for the integrity of the triple-helical conformation. Studies from our laboratory have dealt with the structural aspects of the posttranslational conversion of proline to hydroxyproline in collagen mediated by prolyl hydroxylase. We proposed that the beta-turn conformation at the Pro-Gly segments in the nascent procollagen molecule are the sites of the enzymatic hydroxylation and that this conformation changes over to the collagen-like helix as a result of the hydroxylation process. Recently, we have provided additional experimental support to our proposal by a) synthesizing specific beta-turn oligopeptides containing the Pro-Gly as well as Pro-Ala and Pro-DAla sequences and showing that these act as inhibitors of the enzymatic hydroxylation of a synthetic substrate and b) demonstrating, by circular dichroism spectroscopy, the occurrence of a conformational change leading to the triple-helix as a direct consequence of proline hydroxylation in a non-helical polypeptide substrate. We have also observed that the acquisition of hydroxylation results in a significant enhancement of the rate of folding of the polypeptide chain from the unfolded to the triple-helical conformation. We believe that our observations on proline hydroxylation in collagen should also be applicable to C1q and acetylcholineesterase both of which share the general structural and functional properties of collagen in their "tail" regions. Using the techniques employed in collagen studies, one should be able to assess the role of hydroxyproline in the folding, structural stabilities and functions of C1q and AChE. This would also involve the study of the unhydroxylated and hydroxylated precursors of these proteins which may share common structural features with their collagen counterparts. Finally, a systematic study of hydroxyproline-containing peptides and polypeptides has been initiated by us so as to understand the exact manner in which Hyp participates in the formation and stability of the triple-helical conformation in the proteins in which it occurs.
Intraprogram dynamic voltage scaling (2004)

Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has become an important dynamic power-management technique to save energy. DVS tunes the power-performance tradeoff to the needs of the application. The goal is to minimize energy consumption while meeting performance needs. Since CPU power consumption is strongly dependent on the supply voltage, DVS exploits the ability to control the power consumption by varying a processor's supply voltage and clock frequency. However, because of the energy and time overhead associated with switching DVS modes, DVS control has been used mainly at the interprogram level.In this paper, we explore the opportunities and limits of intraprogram DVS scheduling. An analytical model is derived to predict the maximum energy savings that can be obtained using intraprogram DVS given a few known program and processor parameters. This model gives insights into scenarios where energy consumption benefits from intraprogram DVS and those where there is no benefit. The model helps us extrapolate the benefits of intraprogram DVS into the future as processor parameters change. We then examine how much of these predicted benefits can actually be achieved through compile-time optimal settings of DVS modes. We extend an existing mixed-integer linear program formulation for this scheduling problem by accurately accounting for DVS energy switching overhead, by providing finer-grained control on settings and by considering multiple data categories in the optimization. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive view of intraprogram compile-time DVS management, providing both practical techniques for its immediate deployment as well theoretical bounds for use into the future.
Tin N-tert-Butylanilide Compounds (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleTin N-tert-Butylanilide CompoundsCatalina E. Laplaza, William M. Davis, and Christopher C. CumminsCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 1, 577–580Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00001a083https://doi.org/10.1021/om00001a083research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views817Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Network-based visual analysis of tabular data (2011)

Tabular data are pervasive. Although tables often describe multivariate data without explicit network semantics, it may be advantageous to explore the data modeled as a graph or network for analysis. Even when a given table design conveys some static network semantics, analysts may want to look at multiple networks from different perspectives, at different levels of abstraction, and with different edge semantics. We present a system called Ploceus that offers a general approach for performing multi-dimensional and multi-level network-based visual analysis on multivariate tabular data. Powered by an underlying relational algebraic framework, Ploceus supports flexible construction and transformation of networks through a direct manipulation interface, and integrates dynamic network manipulation with visual exploration for a seamless analytic experience.
Gas flow and chemical lasers 1984 (1985)

These proceedings contain 82 papers presented under the headings of: electrically pumped industrial lasers; laser-material interactions; chemical electronic transition lasers; pulsed lasers and their applications; optics, beam quality and propagation; gas dynamic lasers and chemical vibrational-transition lasers.
Real-Time Hand Tracking And Gesture Recognition System Using Neural Networks (2009)

This paper introduces a hand gesture recognition system to recognize real time gesture in unstrained environments. Efforts should be made to adapt computers to our natural means of communication: Speech and body language. A simple and fast algorithm using orientation histograms will be developed. It will recognize a subset of MAL static hand gestures. A pattern recognition system will be using a transforrn that converts an image into a feature vector, which will be compared with the feature vectors of a training set of gestures. The final system will be Perceptron implementation in MATLAB. This paper includes experiments of 33 hand postures and discusses the results. Experiments shows that the system can achieve a 90% recognition average rate and is suitable for real time applications.
Quantitation in gas chromatography: usual practices and performances of a response factor database (2008)

Abstract In this study, usual methods commonly applied to report the quantitative composition of flavours, fragrances and essential oils were compared. The MS determinations without response factors exhibited a lack of accuracy and reproducibility. FID provided better results, but the determinations were still unsatisfactory. The best results were obtained by true internal standardization in MS and FID, which is time‐consuming for mixtures composed of many constituents. The use of a response factor database was thus proposed and validated by testing the response dependence on GC parameters, using an experimental design. Very low time variations were observed. Under standard GC conditions, the determination of a model mixture with four different instruments exhibited a mean bias of < 3.4%. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A capacitor-free, fast transient response linear voltage regulator in a 180nm CMOS (2015)

A 1.8 V capacitor-free linear regulator with fast transient response based on a new topology with a fast and slow regulation loop is presented. The design has been laid out and simulated in a 0.18 μm CMOS process. The design has a low component count and is tailored for system-on-chip integration. A current step load from 0-50 mA with a rise time of 1 μs results in an undershoot in the output voltage of 140 mV for a period of 39 ns. The regulator sources up to 50 mA current load.
Thermodynamics of the Carbon Dioxide–Epoxide Copolymerization and Kinetics of the Metal-Free Degradation: A Computational Study (2012)

The copolymerization reactions of carbon dioxide and epoxides to give polycarbonates were examined by density functional theory (DFT), and chemically accurate thermochemical data (benchmarked to experimental values) were obtained via composite ab initio methods. All of the examples studied, i.e., formation of poly(ethylene carbonate), poly(propylene carbonate), poly(chloropropylene carbonate), poly(styrene carbonate), poly(cyclohexene carbonate), and poly(indene carbonate), exhibited enthalpies of polymerization of 21–23 kcal/mol, with the exception of poly(cyclopentene carbonate) (15.8 kcal/mol) which suffers both ring strain and intramolecular steric repulsion caused by the cyclopentane ring fused to the polymer chain. The metal-free carbonate backbiting reaction by a free anionic polycarbonate strand is inhibited by bulky groups at the methine carbon but is accelerated by resonance stabilization of the pentavalent transition state in the case involving poly(styrene carbonate). Nucleophilic attack at the methylene carbon of a substituted epoxide has a lower barrier than for the corresponding reaction involving ethylene oxide due to charges being distributed onto the pendant groups. The undesired backbiting reaction to afford cyclic organic carbonates observed under polymerization conditions for many systems due to the low activation barrier (ΔG‡ = 18–25 kcal/mol) was negligible for poly(cyclohexene carbonate) because, in this instance, it must overcome an additional endergonic conformational change (ΔG = 4.7 kcal/mol) before traversing the activation barrier (ΔG‡ = 21.1 kcal/mol) to cyclization. Backbiting from an alkoxide chain end is proposed to proceed via a tetrahedral alkoxide intermediate, where formation of this intermediate is barrierless. Further reaction of this intermediate to the cyclic carbonate has a free energy barrier 10 kcal/mol less than the carbonate chain end backbiting reaction.
Font Clustering And Classification In Document Images (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
Broadband Sub-Wavelength Profile High-Gain Antennas Based on Multi-Layer Metasurfaces (2014)

A method for designing sub-wavelength-profile and broadband high-gain planar antennas is presented. A novel multi-layer periodic array design is proposed for sub-wavelength Fabry-Perot cavity type antennas with enhanced bandwidth performance. Three double-sided periodic arrays are designed and optimized, each double-sided array consisting of a capacitive artificial impedance surface (AIS) and an inductive partially reflective surface (PRS) printed on either side of a dielectric substrate. They are placed at about sixth of a wavelength from a ground plane and from each other. Thus, three air cavities are created with a total profile of λ/2. The proposed antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio and measured achieving 16.9 dBi directivity with 10.7% 3 dB bandwidth. The gain-bandwidth product of the proposed designs outperforms any previous Fabry-Perot antenna design with this profile.
ABCA1 Is the cAMP-inducible Apolipoprotein Receptor That Mediates Cholesterol Secretion from Macrophages (2000)

Lipid-poor high density lipoprotein apolipoproteins remove cholesterol and phospholipids from cells by an active secretory pathway controlled by an ABC transporter called ABCA1. This pathway is induced by cholesterol and cAMP analogs in a cell-specific manner. Here we provide evidence that increased plasma membrane ABCA1 accounts for the enhanced apolipoprotein-mediated lipid secretion from macrophages induced by cAMP analogs. Treatment of RAW264 macrophages with 8-bromo-cAMP caused parallel increases in apoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux, ABCA1 mRNA and protein levels, incorporation of ABCA1 into the plasma membrane, and binding of apoA-I to cell-surface ABCA1. All of these parameters declined to near base-line values within 6 h after removal of 8-bromo-cAMP, indicating that ABCA1 is highly unstable and is degraded rapidly in the absence of inducer. Thus, ABCA1 is likely to be the cAMP-inducible apolipoprotein receptor that promotes removal of cholesterol and phospholipids from macrophages.
Electrically amplified optical recording (1982)

We describe a new optical recording geometry which reduces the laser power required to record micrometer size spots to 0.1 mW in the power limited regime. This is achieved by shifting the power burden from the laser to a voltage source which is connected across a thin-film transparent conductor-photoconductor-conductor sandwich. The sharply focused laser beam switches the photoconductor to a low resistance, and this greatly increases the electrical power dissipated in the illuminated spot. The result is an ablation of the films, leaving a pit with high optical contrast. By turning off the voltage, the record can be read with the same laser power that was used to write.
Question Answering over Freebase with Multi-Column Convolutional Neural Networks (2015)

Li Dong, Furu Wei, Ming Zhou, Ke Xu. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2015.
Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Study of Self‐assembled Monolayer of Phytic Acid on Brass (2008)

Abstract Phytic acid is an environment‐friendly reagent for processing metals. The anticorrosion and inhibiting mechanism for phytic acid monolayers self‐assembled on a brass (HSn70‐1) electrode has been investigated by using electrochemical and photocurrent response methods. The electrochemical measurements indicate that phytic acid is liable to form surface complexes on the brass electrode, and the self‐assembled monolayers (SAM) change the structure of the electric double‐layer and shift the potential of zero charge positively. The photochemical measurement indicates that the brass electrode shows a p ‐type photoresponse owing to the formation of a Cu 2 O layer on its surface, and the presence of SAM weakens significantly the photoresponse, suggesting an excellent effect on anticorrosion, which is consistent with the EIS and polarization curve measurements. Adsorption of phytic acid was found to be typical of chemisorption, which can be reasonably described on the basis of the Langmuir isotherm.
Glymphatic MRI in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (2017)

The glymphatic system has in previous studies been shown as fundamental to clearance of waste metabolites from the brain interstitial space, and is proposed to be instrumental in normal ageing and brain pathology such as Alzheimer's disease and brain trauma. Assessment of glymphatic function using magnetic resonance imaging with intrathecal contrast agent as a cerebrospinal fluid tracer has so far been limited to rodents. We aimed to image cerebrospinal fluid flow characteristics and glymphatic function in humans, and applied the methodology in a prospective study of 15 idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients (mean age 71.3 ± 8.1 years, three female and 12 male) and eight reference subjects (mean age 41.1 + 13.0 years, six female and two male) with suspected cerebrospinal fluid leakage (seven) and intracranial cyst (one). The imaging protocol included T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with equal sequence parameters before and at multiple time points through 24 h after intrathecal injection of the contrast agent gadobutrol at the lumbar level. All study subjects were kept in the supine position between examinations during the first day. Gadobutrol enhancement was measured at all imaging time points from regions of interest placed at predefined locations in brain parenchyma, the subarachnoid and intraventricular space, and inside the sagittal sinus. Parameters demonstrating gadobutrol enhancement and clearance in different locations were compared between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and reference subjects. A characteristic flow pattern in idiopathic normal hydrocephalus was ventricular reflux of gadobutrol from the subarachnoid space followed by transependymal gadobutrol migration. At the brain surfaces, gadobutrol propagated antegradely along large leptomeningeal arteries in all study subjects, and preceded glymphatic enhancement in adjacent brain tissue, indicating a pivotal role of intracranial pulsations for glymphatic function. In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, we found delayed enhancement (P < 0.05) and decreased clearance of gadobutrol (P < 0.05) at the Sylvian fissure. Parenchymal (glymphatic) enhancement peaked overnight in both study groups, possibly indicating a crucial role of sleep, and was larger in normal pressure hydrocephalus patients (P < 0.05 at inferior frontal gyrus). We interpret decreased gadobutrol clearance from the subarachnoid space, along with persisting enhancement in brain parenchyma, as signs of reduced glymphatic clearance in idiopathic normal hydrocephalus, and hypothesize that reduced glymphatic function is instrumental for dementia in this disease. The study shows promise for glymphatic magnetic resonance imaging as a method to assess human brain metabolic function and renders a potential for contrast enhanced brain extravascular space imaging.
Duplexing and Switching with Multipactor Discharges (1962)

Multipactor discharges in high vacuum are employed as switching mechanism for high-power microwave duplexers and voltage controlled switches. The devices described handle peak powers up to 5.5 Mw at nanosecond switching speed. Further characteristics include freedom from spike leakage and practically instantaneous recovery times. A survey is given of the underlying multipactor theory. Developmental S-band multipactor duplexers and switches are described. Their advantages, limitations and potential improvements are discussed.
Preparation of Exfoliated Epoxy/α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanocomposites Containing High Aspect Ratio Nanoplatelets (2007)

High-crystallinity α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) crystals which contain stacks of high aspect ratio nanoplatelets were synthesized and exfoliated with tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide in aqueous dispersion. The exfoliated α-ZrP nanoplatelets were then transferred into water-miscible organic solvents, such as acetone, by centrifugation and re-dispersion. The resulting exfoliated α-ZrP nanoplatelets in organic solvents can be easily utilized to prepare polymer nanocomposites. Through such an approach, epoxy/α-ZrP nanocomposites containing high aspect ratio α-ZrP nanoplatelets have been prepared. The presence of the well-exfoliated nanocomposite structure is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.
A strategy for identifying circulating placental RNA markers for fetal growth assessment (2009)

This study presents a potential strategy in identifying surrogate markers for the study of fetal growth. Circulating GH2 mRNA in maternal plasma appeared to be associated with fetal growth. The utility of this strategy and the currently assessed markers could be explored in further studies.
Multiword Expression Recognition Using Multiple Sequence Alignment (2008)

For the Multiword Expression (MWE) recognition, the Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is proposed on the motivation of gene recognition. Because textual sequence is similar to gene sequence in pattern analysis. This MSA technique is combined with error-driven rules, with the improved efficiency beyond the traditional methods.It provides a guarantee for the MWE recall. It uses the dynamic programming method to prevent candidates from combinational explosion, and provides a global solution for pattern extraction instead of sub-pattern redundancy. Consequently, it has accurate measures for flexible patterns. In experiment, some advanced statistical measures are performed for ranking candidates. In the comparison experiment, the MSA approach achieved better results.