gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmaconutrition With Selenium in Critically Ill Patients (2014)

Selenium is a component of selenoproteins with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiorgan dysfunction (MOD), and multiorgan failure (MOF) are associated with an early reduction in plasma selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), and both parameters correlate inversely with the severity of illness and outcomes. Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluated selenium therapy as monotherapy or in antioxidant cocktails in intensive care unit (ICU) patient populations, and more recently several meta-analyses suggested benefits with selenium therapy in the most seriously ill patients. However, the largest RCT on pharmaconutrition with glutamine and antioxidants, the REducing Deaths due to Oxidative Stress (REDOXS) Study, was unable to find any improvement in clinical outcomes with antioxidants provided by the enteral and parenteral route and suggested harm in patients with renal dysfunction. Subsequently, the MetaPlus study demonstrated increased mortality in medical patients when provided extra glutamine and selenium enterally. The treatment effect of selenium may be dependent on the dose, the route of administration, and whether administered with other nutrients and the patient population studied. Currently, there are few small studies evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous (IV) selenium in SIRS, and therefore more data are necessary, particularly in patients with MOD, including those with renal dysfunction. According to current knowledge, high-dose pentahydrate sodium selenite could be given as an IV bolus injection (1000-2000 µg), which causes transient pro-oxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory effects, and then followed by a continuous infusion of 1000-1600 µg/d for up to 10-14 days. Nonetheless, the optimum dose and efficacy still remain controversial and need to be definitively established.
From Perception to Execution in Parkinson’s Disease (2005)

Initial experience with the Practical Approach program suggests that it may beneficially affect basic SDM knowledge, skills, and attitudes in busy practicing clinicians who are novices in SDM. It also has demonstrated initial feasibility, utility, and acceptability.
Discriminatively-guided Deliberative Perception for Pose Estimation of Multiple 3D Object Instances (2016)

We introduce a novel paradigm for model-based multi-object recognition and 3 DoF pose estimation from 3D sensor data that integrates exhaustive global reasoning with discriminatively-trained algorithms in a principled fashion. Typical approaches for this task are based on scene-to-model feature matching or regression by statistical learners trained on a large database of annotated scenes. These approaches are fast but sensitive to occlusions, features, and/or training data. Generative approaches, on the other hand, e.g., methods based on rendering and verification, are robust to occlusions and require no training, but are slow at test time. We conjecture that robust and efficient perception can be achieved through a combination of generative methods and discriminatively-trained approaches. To this end, we introduce the Discriminatively-guided Deliberative Perception (D2P) paradigm that has the following desirable properties: a) D2P is a single search algorithm that looks for the 'best' rendering of the scene that matches the input, b) can be guided by any and multiple discriminative algorithms, and c) generates a solution that is provably bounded suboptimal with respect to the chosen cost function. In addition, we introduce the notions of completeness and resolution completeness for multi-object pose estimation problems, and show that D2P is resolution complete. We conduct extensive evaluations on a benchmark dataset to study various aspects of D2P in relation to existing approaches.
INTEGRATION OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AND ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS AGAINST Tetranychus urticae (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) (2011)

Tetranychus urticae is an important pest associated with strawberry, due to its high densities and plant damage. Farmers use acaricides in large volumes without complying with the window between the last application and harvest, resulting on toxic residues in fruits, as well as pest populations resistant to pesticides, decrement of beneficial organisms, mammalian toxicity and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to generate new alternatives for the control of this mite. The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxic effect of commercial neem-based products on the mites T. urticaeand Phytoseiulus macropilis, through a combined analysis using both, lethal and sublethal concentrations. Tetranychus urticae populations were controlled in strawberry plants when neem was used at or below LC95 concentrations. The application of the neem-based products, Neem Pro, Organic Neem and Natuneem at CL95, and when the instantaneous predator’s rate of population increase ri = 0.1, represents a viable alternative to be considered for the control of the phytophagous mite T. urticae.
Engineering photonic nanojets by core-shell micro-cuboids (2016)

A core-shell structure based on three-dimensional micro-cuboids connected by photonic nanojets is proposed with the aim for power enhancement of surface plasmon polaritons. The performance of the core-shell micro-cuboid is evaluated and compared with the dielectric micro-cuboid. The dependence of the power enhancement with the metallic shell is also evaluated and demonstrated that the metallic shell is critical for engineering photonic nanojet. The subwavelength focusing is obtained from the photonic nanojet. The significant effect of core-shell micro-cuboids can be used to distinguish nano-scale objects.
Characterization of carotenoids and carotenoid esters in red pepper pods ( <i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) by high‐performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (2005)

Carotenoids and carotenoid esters were extracted from red pepper pods (Capsicum annuum L.) without saponification. Among the 42 compounds detected, 4 non-esterified, 11 mono- and 17 diesters were characterized based on their retention times, UV/Vis spectra and their fragmentation patterns in collision-induced dissociation experiments in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS). Positive and negative ion mode measurements were used for the characterization of major and minor carotenoids and their esters. Capsanthin esterified with lauric, palmitic and myristic acids represented the predominant compounds in the red pepper extracts. Additionally, three beta-cryptoxanthin and one zeaxanthin monoester were tentatively identified in red pepper pods for the first time. Furthermore, the specific fragmentation patterns of capsanthin-laurate-myristate and capsanthin-myristate-palmitate were used for the distinction of both regioisomers. The results obtained from LC-DAD-APCI-MSn experiments demonstrated that the carotenoid profile of red pepper pods is considerably more complex than considered hitherto.
Temperature Changes of Wound Fluid in Bipedicle Tube Flaps: An Experimental Study (1973)

Temperature was measured in wound fluid accumulated in cylinders which had been implanted in both ends of bipedicle tube flaps 2 to 8 weeks previously. Cylinders implanted in skin folds were used as controls. The temperature in the cylinders is influenced by local heat production from metabolic processes and by increasing insulation due to growth of hair and of tissue in the cylinders. These factors were similar in both groups, however, as is shown by an equal healing potential. The changes and differences of temperature corresponded essentially to the clearance of 133Xenon during the first 4 weeks. After week 4 133Xenon clearance cannot be used as an indicator of blood flow. The temperature was lower in skin flap than in skin fold cylinders at weeks 5 and 6. It was concluded that temperature is a better indicator of blood flow than is 133Xenon after week 4 and that blood flow was lower in flaps during weeks 5 and 6, as well as in weeks 3 and 4, as was shown in a previous study. No difference in temperature was observed between the two ends of the flaps and the blood flow was probably similar.
Free charge carrier induced refractive index modulation of crystalline silicon (2010)

New relationships for the free carrier induced refractive index modulation of crystalline silicon at 1.3 and 1.55 μm are derived. Free electrons are more effective in perturbing the refractive index compared to free holes.
MouR controls the expression of the Listeria monocytogenes Agr system and mediates virulence (2018)

The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) causes invasive infection in susceptible animals and humans. To survive and proliferate within hosts, this facultative intracellular pathogen tightly coordinates the expression of a complex regulatory network that controls the expression of virulence factors. Here, we identified and characterized MouR, a novel virulence regulator of Lm. Through RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis, we determined the MouR regulon and demonstrated how MouR positively controls the expression of the Agr quorum sensing system (agrBDCA) of Lm. The MouR three-dimensional structure revealed a dimeric DNA-binding transcription factor belonging to the VanR class of the GntR superfamily of regulatory proteins. We also showed that by directly binding to the agr promoter region, MouR ultimately modulates chitinase activity and biofilm formation. Importantly, we demonstrated by in vitro cell invasion assays and in vivo mice infections the role of MouR in Lm virulence.
X Irradiation-Induced Transcription from the HIV Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat (1995)

It has been previously shown in vitro and in vivo that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can be dramatically enhanced by certain heterologous viral, chemical, and physical (ultraviolet irradiation) agents. A common denominator shared by these agents is their ability to cause stress responses in cells. To analyze if a similar effect could occur by X irradiations, we tested the in vitro effect of X rays on HIV LTR-directed gene expression. The results demonstrate that the HIV-1 LTR is activated by X irradiation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, in all cell types tested, including epitheloid, fibroblast, and lymphoid cell lines. This study raises the possibility that exposure of AIDS patients to ionizing radiation (e.g., during treatment of epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma) could play a role in the activation of HIV-1 in vivo.
Molecular dynamics of fluid flow at solid surfaces (1989)

Molecular dynamics techniques are used to study the microscopic aspects of several slow viscous flows past a solid wall, where both fluid and wall have a molecular structure. Systems of several thousand molecules are found to exhibit reasonable continuum behavior, albeit with significant thermal fluctuations. In Couette and Poiseuille flow of liquids it is found that the no-slip boundary condition arises naturally as a consequence of molecular roughness, and that the velocity and stress fields agree with the solutions of the Stokes equations. At lower densities slip appears, which can be incorporated into a flow-independent slip-length boundary condition. The trajectories of individual molecules in Poiseuille flow are examined, and it is also found that their average behavior is given by Taylor–Aris hydrodynamic dispersion. An immiscible two-fluid system is simulated by a species-dependent intermolecular interaction. A static meniscus is observed whose contact angle agrees with simple estimates and, when motion occurs, velocity-dependent advancing and receding angles are observed. The local velocity field near a moving contact line shows a breakdown of the no-slip condition and, up to substantial statistical fluctuations, is consistent with earlier predictions of Dussan [AIChE J. 23, 131 (1977)].
Middleware-based solution for enterprise information integration (2002)

This paper mainly researches enterprise information integration. Firstly, middleware types are discussed. Then, information integration platform is discussed. Next, a kind of middleware solution for enterprise information integration is proposed where an information integration environment is firstly built. Additional middleware-tier is then placed on top of the existing middleware-tier, the connection between the integrated middleware and the agent service unit is done with thick adapters, and the message broker middleware is placed on top middleware. The last part is about some analysis and conclusions.
Self-Training and Adversarial Background Regularization for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive One-Stage Object Detection (2019)

Deep learning-based object detectors have shown remarkable improvements. However, supervised learning-based methods perform poorly when the train data and the test data have different distributions. To address the issue, domain adaptation transfers knowledge from the label-sufficient domain (source domain) to the label-scarce domain (target domain). Self-training is one of the powerful ways to achieve domain adaptation since it helps class-wise domain adaptation. Unfortunately, a naive approach that utilizes pseudo-labels as ground-truth degenerates the performance due to incorrect pseudo-labels. In this paper, we introduce a weak self-training (WST) method and adversarial background score regularization (BSR) for domain adaptive one-stage object detection. WST diminishes the adverse effects of inaccurate pseudo-labels to stabilize the learning procedure. BSR helps the network extract discriminative features for target backgrounds to reduce the domain shift. Two components are complementary to each other as BSR enhances discrimination between foregrounds and backgrounds, whereas WST strengthen class-wise discrimination. Experimental results show that our approach effectively improves the performance of the one-stage object detection in unsupervised domain adaptation setting.
The prognostic value of TP53 mutations in oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2016)

Patients with OAC and TP53 gene mutations have reduced overall survival compared with patients without these mutations, and this effect is independent of tumour stage.
Neural basis of the undermining effect of monetary reward on intrinsic motivation (2010)

Contrary to the widespread belief that people are positively motivated by reward incentives, some studies have shown that performance-based extrinsic reward can actually undermine a person's intrinsic motivation to engage in a task. This "undermining effect" has timely practical implications, given the burgeoning of performance-based incentive systems in contemporary society. It also presents a theoretical challenge for economic and reinforcement learning theories, which tend to assume that monetary incentives monotonically increase motivation. Despite the practical and theoretical importance of this provocative phenomenon, however, little is known about its neural basis. Herein we induced the behavioral undermining effect using a newly developed task, and we tracked its neural correlates using functional MRI. Our results show that performance-based monetary reward indeed undermines intrinsic motivation, as assessed by the number of voluntary engagements in the task. We found that activity in the anterior striatum and the prefrontal areas decreased along with this behavioral undermining effect. These findings suggest that the corticobasal ganglia valuation system underlies the undermining effect through the integration of extrinsic reward value and intrinsic task value.
SOLUBLE CD14 SUBTYPE AS A NEW DIAGNOSTIC MARKER OF SEPSIS (2004)

YAEGASHI, Y.; ENDO, S.; INADA, H. T.; SATOU, N.; SHIRAKAWA, K.; FURUSAKO, S. Author Information
Chemical Chaperones—A New Concept in Drug Research (2003)

A stabilizing influence: D-Galactose and the nojirimycin derivatives 1 and 2 have been successfully applied as “chemical chaperones” in therapy models of Fabry's disease and Gaucher's disease, respectively. These compounds illustrate the concept of specific low-molecular-weight chemical chaperones for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Advances in our understanding of the Reinke space (2005)

Voice disorders represent a significant clinical problem. Research attempting to discover the underlying molecular and genetic regulation and homeostasis of the extracellular matrix of the Reinke space are essential. Effective future clinical interventions must be based upon the knowledge of how genetic and biologic features are disturbed in vocal diseases and how they relate to vocal symptoms.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR INVERSION OF ELECTRICAL CAPACITANCE TOMOGRAPHY DATA USING A COMPLETE SENSOR MODEL (2010)

Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a noninvasive and non-destructive imaging technique that uses electrical capacitance measurements at the periphery of an object to generate map of dielectric permittivity of the object.This visualization method is a relatively mature industrial process tomography technique, especially in 2D imaging mode.Volumetric ECT is a new method that poses major computational challenges in image reconstruction and new challenges in sensor design.This paper shows a nonlinear image reconstruction method for 3D ECT based on a validated forward model.The method is based on the finite element approximation for the complete sensor model and the solution of the inverse problem with nonlinear iterative reconstruction.The nonlinear algorithm has been tested against some complicated experimental test cases, and it has been demonstrated that by using an improved forward model and nonlinear inversion method, very complex shaped samples can be reconstructed.The reconstruction of very complex geometry with objects in the shape of letters H, A, L and T is extremely promising for the applications of 3D ECT.
Corneal collagen crosslinking for ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis: Long-term results (2014)

No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Serial Propagation of Astrovirus in Tissue Culture with the Aid of Trypsin (1981)

Astrovirus could be serially passed at least 13 times in primary human embryo kidney (HEK) cells when 10 micrograms/ml of crystalline trypsin was incorporated in a serum-free maintenance medium. In the presence of trypsin the virus was also passed and adapted to a continuous line of rhesus monkey kidney cells (LLCMK2) and primary baboon kidney (PBK) cells in which it was passed 25 and 16 times respectively, without evidence of diminishing infectivity. Attempts to adapt the virus to other cell lines (Vero, Hep II, MRC-5, BHK and HRT-18) were unsuccessful. After 11 passages in HEK cells, a titration of virus grown in different concentrations of trypsin showed that virus propagation was still trypsin-dependent.
Electrical tree propagation along barrier-interfaces in epoxy resin (2003)

The propagation of electrical trees along interfaces in epoxy resin is described. The electrical trees grew in needle-plane samples with and without internal barriers up to the final breakdown. The barrier materials glass, mica and PTFE had been chosen because they have significantly different bond mechanisms to the epoxy resin as well as being common materials in various composite high voltage insulation systems. The mechanical strength of the epoxy resin-barrier material systems was determined for the materials tested. The results show that the propagation of the tree along the barrier is dependent on the type of chemical bond and the shear strength between the epoxy resin and the barrier material. The higher the bond strength between the barrier and the epoxy the higher the resistance to electrical tree propagation. Furthermore it appears that the wettability of the barrier materials plays a minor role in tree propagation along them. The results give a better understanding of the failure mechanism of certain composite insulating materials exposed to high voltage.
Screening for human papillomavirus infection in asymptomatic women in Hungary (2001)

The prevalence of HPV infection in young women in Hungary is high. Screening for HPV is suggested only in women with an unfavourable gynaecological history who are < or =24 years old.
Collaborative Change Detection of DDoS Attacks on Community and ISP Networks (2006)

A community network often operates within the same ISP (Internet Service Provider) domain or the network is administered by a virtual organization spanning across multiple network domains with an established trust relationship. To counter DDoS (distributed denial-of-service) attacks in such a federated network environment, the routers can work cooperatively to raise early warning to avoid catastrophic damages. This paper proposes a collaborative architecture to detect DDoS flooding attacks. The scheme appeals, in particular, to protect networked resource centers that work as a collaboration Grid. By monitoring the distribution of suspicious traffic changes over a number of attack-transit routers, we developed a new Change-Aggregation Tree (CAT) mechanism to enable early detection of DDoS attacks on community networks. We want to detect flooding attacks as early as possible. Here, we report preliminary NS-2 simulation results on a singledomain ISP core network to prove the effectiveness of the new collaborative CAT architecture for DDoS defense. The simulated system achieved a detection rate as high as 95% with less than 1% of false positive alarms. Extensions of this architecture to cross-domain DDoS defense are discussed with further research challenges identified.
SARSOP: Efficient Point-Based POMDP Planning by Approximating Optimally Reachable Belief Spaces (2008)

Motion planning in uncertain and dynamic environments is an essential capability for autonomous robots. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide a principled mathematical framework for solving such problems, but they are often avoided in robotics due to high computational complexity. Our goal is to create practical POMDP algorithms and software for common robotic tasks. To this end, we have developed a new point-based POMDP algorithm that exploits the notion of optimally reachable belief spaces to improve computational efficiency. In simulation, we successfully applied the algorithm to a set of common robotic tasks, including instances of coastal navigation, grasping, mobile robot exploration, and target tracking, all modeled as POMDPs with a large number of states. In most of the instances studied, our algorithm substantially outperformed one of the fastest existing point-based algorithms. A software package implementing our algorithm is available for download at http://motion.comp.
32.1: <i>Invited Paper:</i> A Display System with 2‐D/3‐D Compatibility (1998)

Abstract We improved the parallax barrier technology to solve some peculiar problems to 3‐D displays with no special glasses, for example darkness of the parallax barrier, moire arising from the interference between the pixel of the LCD and the parallax barrier, crosstalk of the two binocular images and further reduction of the resolution when displaying 2‐D images. This paper introduce our those improved technologies of the 3‐D displays, one of which has a compatibility with the 2‐D display. and this paper also introduce a conversion technology of 2‐D images into 3‐D images. Those technologies will expand the field of application of the 3‐D displays.