gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Histophilus somni</i>IbpA DR2/Fic in Virulence and Immunoprotection at the Natural Host Alveolar Epithelial Barrier (2010)

Newly recognized Fic family virulence proteins may be important in many bacterial pathogens. To relate cellular mechanisms to pathogenesis and immune protection, we studied the cytotoxicity of the Histophilus somni immunoglobulin-binding protein A (IbpA) direct repeat 2 Fic domain (DR2/Fic) for natural host target cells. Live virulent IbpA-producing H. somni strain 2336, a cell-free culture supernatant (CCS) of this strain, or recombinant DR2/Fic (rDR2/Fic) caused dramatic retraction and rounding of bovine alveolar type 2 (BAT2) epithelial cells. IbpA-deficient H. somni strain 129Pt and a Fic motif His(298)Ala mutant rDR2/Fic protein were not cytotoxic. The cellular mechanism of DR2/Fic cytotoxicity was demonstrated by incubation of BAT2 cell lysates with strain 2336 CCS or rDR2/Fic in the presence of [alpha-(32)P]ATP, which resulted in adenylylation of Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal disruption. Since IbpA is not secreted by type III or type IV secretion systems, we determined whether DR2/Fic entered the host cytoplasm to access its Rho GTPase targets. Although H. somni did not invade BAT2 cells, DR2/Fic was internalized by cells treated with H. somni, CCS, or the rDR2/Fic protein, as shown by confocal immunomicroscopy. Transwell bacterial migration assays showed that large numbers of strain 2336 bacteria migrated between retracted BAT2 cells, but IbpA-deficient strain 129Pt did not cross a monolayer unless the monolayer was pretreated with strain 2336 CCS or rDR2/Fic protein. Antibody to rDR2/Fic or passively protective convalescent-phase serum blocked IbpA-mediated cytotoxicity and inhibited H. somni transmigration across BAT2 monolayers, confirming the role of DR2/Fic in pathogenesis and corresponding to the results for in vivo protection in previous animal studies.
Fluorometers: Integration experiences with unmanned vehicles (2017)

The development of revolutionary tools such as AUVs and other unmanned vehicles has offered oceanographers a chance to explore areas that are not easily accessible and address questions that have yet to be answered. The ability of unmanned vehicles to reach these under-sampled parts of the ocean is motivating researchers to install, equip, and attach as many sensors as possible to obtain measurements and they are installing many different types — physical, chemical, and biological. It is not only the increased accessibility which makes these deployments appealing to scientists, but also unmanned deployments can occur at a fraction of the cost of manned research vessels. However, there are many challenges faced when integrating sensors with unmanned vehicles. Optical sensors such as fluorometers are prone to interferences from ambient light and biofouling organisms. Acoustic instruments draw a lot of power and have to be budgeted for with respect to payload capability and other instruments required or mounted. And some important assays require reagents that cannot be accommodated for given the size constraints of the vehicle and would be difficult to perform without people on board to do them. These types of issues, and others, need to be considered when manufacturing instruments designated for integration with AUVs or unmanned vehicles. However, neither the integrator nor the vendor can take the full burden of resolving the issues faced. Turner Designs is a fluorometer manufacturer that has collaborated quite a bit with different vendors regarding fluorometer integrations with AUVs and other unmanned vehicles. There is increasing interest in characterizing the biology of water, not just the physical as has been done for several years now. With this in mind, fluorometers should be optimized for easy, simple integration into multiple platforms and as fluorometer vendors for over 45 years, we have the expertise to manufacture such instrumentation; guidance is what is currently lacking. Over the past few years, however, our collaborations with multiple agencies resulted in successful deployments.
Kinetics of the Reaction of Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> with CO<sub>2</sub> at Low Temperature (1999)

The kinetics of the reaction of Ca(OH)2 with CO2 in humid N2 has been studied at 60−90 °C by using a differential reactor. Ca(OH)2 reacted with CO2 to form CaCO3 only when the relative humidity exceeded 0.08. The reaction ceased before 1 h, and Ca(OH)2 was incompletely converted. The reaction rate and final conversion of Ca(OH)2 were significantly affected by relative humidity, were slightly dependent on temperature, and were zeroth order with respect to gas phase CO2 concentration. The carbonation of Ca(OH)2 was well described by the asymptotic equation which is obtained by assuming chemical reaction control and considering the surface coverage by product. The rate-controlling step might be the dissolution of Ca(OH)2 at the water-adsorbed surface. The reaction behavior of Ca(OH)2 with CO2 was similar to that with SO2. The model derived for the reaction with CO2 may be applied to that with SO2 with proper modifications. The results of this study are useful to the design and efficient operation of the processes using hydrated lime to remove SO2 from the flue gas, in which both SO2 and CO2 are present.
MAC layer anomaly detection in ad hoc networks (2005)

It is evident that traditional end-to-end intrusion detection mechanisms developed on wireless local area networks (WLANs) and wired networks are no longer sufficient for breach investigation in ad hoc networks. Most existing intrusion detection techniques for ad hoc networks are proposed on the network layer. In general, these techniques have difficulty to localize attack source, and can not respond to attacks promptly. In this paper, we investigate the use of MAC layer traffic data to characterize normal behaviors in the neighborhood of a mobile node, and to detect misbehaving nodes through MAC layer anomalies. In particular, we evaluate and select a set of features from MAC layer to profile normal behaviors of mobile nodes, and then we apply cross-feature analysis on feature vectors constructed from training data according to the proposed feature set. We are able to reliably detect MAC layer anomalies, some of which may be in fact caused by misbehavior of network layer, since most routing attacks directly impact MAC layer operations. We validate our work through ns-2 simulations. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our method.
Nondestructive Methods for Detecting Defects in Softwood Logs (1996)

Wood degradation and defects, such as voids and knots, affect the quality and processing time of lumber. The ability to detect internal defects in the log can save mills time and processing costs. In this study, we investigated three nondestructive evaluation techniques for detecting internal wood defects. Sound wave transmission, x-ray computed tomography, and impulse radar were used to examine white spruce and balsam fir logs. Computed tomography resulted in the highest resolution for voids, knots, and high moisture content areas, but at a very high price. Both sound wave transmission and impulse radar were able to detect large voids and areas of degradation, and these techniques showed some sensitivity to very knotty logs. None of the methods was able to detect small pockets of decay. The use of radar requires an experienced operator because of the difficulty of interpreting the data.
Ion chromatography-on-a-chip for water quality analysis (2015)

Bellevue, Washington
Auditory system impedance measurement using the two-microphone wave-tube technique (1987)

An impedance measurement technique suitable for middle ear investigations has been devised that has the advantages of fast data acquisition (less than 1 s) and large measurement bandwidth (200–6000 Hz). This technique does not require a transducer delivering a constant volume flow. The excitation used is a broadband chirp whose spectral shape may be varied to enhance signal to noise ratio. The method depends upon pressure measurements at two points within a smooth, cylindrical tube whose transmission characteristics are well known. In our implementation of this technique, the frequency-dependent viscous and thermal losses in the wave tube are accounted for. The wave tube is inserted into the ear canal, and the input impedance at the tube tip is computed based upon the tube transmission coefficients and the measured transfer function between the microphones. Measurements are presented of the input impedance in normal adult ears for comparison with the literature. Since the technique is fast and relatively noninvasive, it appears well-suited for our project goal of measuring the middle ear impedance of infants. [Work supported by NINCDS.]
Relapse During Continuation Pharmacotherapy after Acute Response to ECT: A Comparison of Usual Care versus Protocolized Treatment (2007)

The relapse rate associated with usual care following ECT was comparable to that of protocolized pharmacotherapy. This suggests that high relapse rates following ECT are not due solely to an "efficacy-effectiveness gap."
Dual Activities of Odorants on Olfactory and Nuclear Hormone Receptors (2009)

We have screened an odorant compound library and discovered molecules acting as chemical signals that specifically activate both G-protein-coupled olfactory receptors (ORs) on the cell surface of olfactory sensory neurons and the human nuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ER) involved in transcriptional regulation of cellular differentiation and proliferation in a wide variety of tissues. Hence, these apparent dual active odorants induce distinct signal transduction pathways at different subcellular localizations, which affect both neuronal signaling, resulting in odor perception, and the ER-dependent transcriptional control of specific genes. We demonstrate these effects using fluorescence-based in vitro and cellular assays. Among these odorants, we have identified synthetic sandalwood compounds, an important class of molecules used in the fragrance industry. For one estrogenic odorant we have also identified the cognate OR. This prompted us to compare basic molecular recognition principles of odorants on the two structurally and apparent functionally non-related receptors using computational modeling in combination with functional assays. Faced with the increasing evidence that ORs may perform chemosensory functions in a number of tissues outside of the nasal olfactory epithelium, the unraveling of these molecular ligand-receptor interaction principles is of critical importance. In addition the evidence that certain olfactory sensory neurons naturally co-express ORs and ERs may provide a direct functional link between the olfactory and hormonal systems in humans. Our results are therefore useful for defining the structural and functional characteristics of ER-specific odorants and the role of odorant molecules in cellular processes other than olfaction.
Osteoinductive bone graft substitutes for lumbar fusion: a systematic review (2009)

Recombinant human BMP-2 may be an effective alternative to AIBG in lumbar fusion. Data are limited for other bone graft substitutes.
Rapid cycle sequencing in an air thermal cycler. (1993)

Cycle sequencing using Taq DNA polymerase has gained popularity recently due to reduced template requirements, improved signal and its ability to directly sequence PCR fragments. A major drawback to the technique is the time required for performing reactions in a block-based thermal cycler. To help cycle sequencing compete with other methods, we have modified the protocol to be performed in capillaries using an air-based thermal cycling instrument. This instrument has been developed and optimized for rapid, specific amplification of DNA by PCR. The resulting cycle sequencing methodology is faster than block-based approaches; a reaction can be completed in 25 min, compared with about 2 h in a conventional instrument. Thus, the speed of the technique is competitive with standard uncycled T7 or Taq reactions. Accuracy of the sequencing data is improved; two problem areas in the sequence obtained with a block cycler are ameliorated by the capillary methodology. This technique represents a novel approach to cycle sequencing that will further the development of capillary-based analytical methods.
Soft-Chemical Exfoliation of Na<sub>0.9</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>: Preparation and Electrical Conductivity Characterization of a Molybdenum Oxide Nanosheet (2011)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTSoft-Chemical Exfoliation of Na0.9Mo2O4: Preparation and Electrical Conductivity Characterization of a Molybdenum Oxide NanosheetDae Sung Kim*†‡, Tadashi C. Ozawa*†, Katsutoshi Fukuda§, Satoshi Ohshima⊥, Izumi Nakai⊥, and Takayoshi Sasaki†View Author Information† International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan‡ Eco-Composite Materials Center, Green Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology (KICET), Seoul 153-801, South Korea§ Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanotech Fiber, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan⊥ Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan*E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +81-29-860-4722. FAX: +81-29-854-9061.Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 11, 2700–2702Publication Date (Web):May 12, 2011Publication History Received22 March 2011Revised1 May 2011Published online12 May 2011Published inissue 14 June 2011https://doi.org/10.1021/cm2008208Copyright © 2011 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2304Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Oxides,Physical and chemical processes,Precursors,Reaction mechanisms,Two dimensional materials Get e-Alerts
Liquid-chromatographic measurement of elastin. (1982)

Journal Article Liquid-chromatographic measurement of elastin. Get access H P Covault, H P Covault Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T Lubrano, T Lubrano Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A A Dietz, A A Dietz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H M Rubinstein H M Rubinstein Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 28, Issue 7, 1 July 1982, Pages 1465–1468, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/28.7.1465 Published: 01 July 1982
Direct Laser Sintering of Borosilicate Glass (2004)

Despite the advantages that selective laser sintering (SLS) offers in terms of material availability, many materials have yet to be explored for feasibility and even fewer are available on a commercial basis. This paper presents initial investigations for one such material, borosilicate glass, which could be of particular interest to filter manufacturers because it presents an attractive alternative to the conventional, time-consuming way of producing filters of various porosity classes. Process results are presented including a determination of the optimal parameter window and the effect of processing parameters on the density and surface quality. The effects of thermal post-processing and the inclusion of an additive are also discussed.
Cyclohexane Carboxylate and Benzoate Formation from Crotonate in <i>Syntrophus aciditrophicus</i> (2006)

ABSTRACT The anaerobic, syntrophic bacterium Syntrophus aciditrophicus grown in pure culture produced 1.4 ± 0.24 mol of acetate and 0.16 ± 0.02 mol of cyclohexane carboxylate per mole of crotonate metabolized. [U- 13 C]crotonate was metabolized to [1,2- 13 C]acetate and [1,2,3,4,5,7- 13 C]cyclohexane carboxylate. Cultures grown with unlabeled crotonate and [ 13 C]sodium bicarbonate formed [6- 13 C]cyclohexane carboxylate. Trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of cyclohexane carboxylate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, benzoate, pimelate, glutarate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate were detected as intermediates by comparison of retention times and mass spectral profiles to authentic standards. With [U- 13 C]crotonate, the m/z -15 ion of TMS-derivatized glutarate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate each increased by +4 mass units, and the m/z -15 ion of TMS-derivatized pimelate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, benzoate, and cyclohexane carboxylate each increased by +6 mass units. With [ 13 C]sodium bicarbonate and unlabeled crotonate, the m/z -15 ion of TMS derivatives of glutarate, pimelate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, benzoate, and cyclohexane carboxylate each increased by +1 mass unit, suggesting that carboxylation occurred after the synthesis of a four-carbon intermediate. With [1,2- 13 C]acetate and unlabeled crotonate, the m/z -15 ion of TMS-derivatized 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and glutarate each increased by +0, +2, and +4 mass units, respectively, and the m/z -15 ion of TMS-derivatized pimelate, cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate, benzoate, cyclohexane carboxylate, and 2-hydroxycyclohexane carboxylate each increased by +0, +2, +4, and +6 mass units. The data are consistent with a pathway for cyclohexane carboxylate formation involving the condensation of two-carbon units derived from crotonate degradation with CO 2 addition, rather than the use of the intact four-carbon skeleton of crotonate.
Military GPS Receivers for Naval Use (1990)

This paper describes a 5 channel P-Code military GPS
receiver designed specifically for use in marine and
submarine environments. The receiver is capable of
providing the full Precise Positioning Service (PPS), ie.
operating with Selective Availability and/or Anti-Spoofing
enabled and may be used in a variety of modes; stand-
alone, as part of a differential GPS system, or integrated
with the host vessel’s other navigation equipments.
The 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) inhibitor, MK886, induces apoptosis independently of FLAP (1999)

The ability of various inhibitors of lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) to induce apoptosis has implicated these pathways in the mechanism(s) of this form of cell death. Although FLAP plays an important role in 5-LOX activity, this protein is found at high levels in some cells lacking LOX, suggesting it might mediate other effects. Furthermore, the concentration of MK886, a FLAP inhibitor, required to induce apoptosis is approximately 100-fold more than that required to inhibit LOX, and this compound remains effective in cells lacking LOX. The present study examines the role of FLAP in MK886-induced apoptosis. MK886 induced apoptosis in WSU cells, a human chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cell line that lacks FLAP protein and mRNA, suggesting that this agent is acting independently of FLAP. This conclusion was further supported by the fact that a more specific FLAP inhibitor, MK591, induced only minimal apoptosis in FL5.12 cells, a murine prolymphoid cell line containing FLAP. The role of FLAP was examined more directly by decreasing its expression by more than 50% in FL5.12 cells treated with 10 microM of an antisense oligonucleotide for 48h. This change in FLAP was not accompanied by any increase in apoptosis. Furthermore, FLAP-depleted cells exhibited the same level of apoptosis 8 h after treatment with 10 microM MK886, as did control cells. The increased fluorescence seen in MK886-treated cells loaded with carboxydichlorofluorescein indicates that oxidative reactions are stimulated by this compound, possibly via the release of fatty acids from fatty acid-binding proteins and their subsequent oxidation.
Soft-contact-lenses-induced complications (2008)

Both the type and frequency of complications related to soft contact lens use in our group of patients, proved to be significant. Some of this complications (keratitis) can significantly damage vision and lead to loss of vision and sometimes can require operative treatment.
Periganglionic foraminal steroid injections performed under CT control. (1998)

Intraforaminal steroid injection is useful in the treatment of radicular pain, particularly in cases of foraminal degenerative stenosis.
Double-blind controlled trial of amylopectin sulphate (Depepsen) in the symptomatic treatment of duodenal ulcer. (1977)

In a double-blind controlled trial amylopectin sulphate (Depepsen) had no significant advantage over placebo in the symptomatic treatment of duodenal ulcer.
Effects of Different Stratospheric SO<sub>2</sub> Injection Altitudes on Stratospheric Chemistry and Dynamics (2018)

Abstract Strategically applied geoengineering is proposed to reduce some of the known side effects of stratospheric aerosol modifications. Specific climate goals could be reached depending on design choices of stratospheric sulfur injections by latitude, altitude, and magnitude. Here we explore in detail the stratospheric chemical and dynamical responses to injections at different altitudes using a fully coupled Earth System Model. Two different scenarios are explored that produce approximately the same global cooling of 2°C over the period 2042–2049, a high‐altitude injection case using 24 Tg SO 2 /year at 30 hPa (≈25‐km altitude) and a low‐altitude injection case using 32 Tg SO 2 /year injections at 70 hPa (between 19‐ and 20‐km altitude), with annual injections divided equally between 15°N and 15°S. Both cases result in a warming of the lower tropical stratosphere up to 10 and 15°C for the high‐ and low‐altitude injection case and in substantial increases of stratospheric water vapor of up to 2 and 4 ppm, respectively, compared to no geoengineering conditions. Polar column ozone in the Northern Hemisphere is reduced by up to 18% in March for the high‐altitude injection case and up to 8% for the low‐altitude injection case. However, for winter middle and high northern latitudes, low‐altitude injections result in greater column ozone values than without geoengineering. These changes are mostly driven by dynamics and advection. Antarctic column ozone in 2042–2049 does not recover from present‐day (2002–2009) values for both cases.
Compile-time analysis of parallel programs that share memory (1992)

Traditional optimization techniques for sequential programs are not directly applicable to parallel programs where concurrent activities may interfere with each other through shared variables. New compiler techniques must be developed to accommodate features found in parallel languages. In this paper, we use abstract interpretation to obtain useful properties of programs, e.g., side effects, data dependences, object lifetime and concurrent expressions, for a language that supports first-class functions, pointers, dynamic allocations and explicit parallelism through cobegin. These analyses may facilitate many applications, such as program optimization, parallelization, restructuring, memory management, and detecting access anomalies.
Cancer Incidence in Systemic Sclerosis: Meta‐Analysis of Population‐Based Cohort Studies (2013)

SSc is associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly lung, liver, hematologic, and bladder cancers, although absolute risk is relatively low. Men with SSc have a higher risk of developing cancer than women.