gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxoazabenzo[<i>de</i>]anthracenes Conjugated to Amino Acids:  Synthesis and Evaluation as DNA-Binding Antitumor Agents (2005)

We report the synthesis of an original series of oxoazabenzo[de]anthracenes conjugated to an amino acid: Ala, Phe, Pro, Lys, or Gly (4a-e, respectively). The compounds, derived from 1,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione, were studied for DNA binding and cytotoxicity. Melting temperature, fluorescence quenching, and surface plasmon resonance methods all indicated that the lysine derivative 4d binds to DNA much more strongly that the Pro, Ala, and Gly conjugates whereas the Phe analogue showed the lowest DNA binding capacity. These compounds form intercalation complexes with DNA, as judged from electric linear dichroism and topoisomerase I-based DNA unwinding experiments. Preferential binding of 4d to defined sequences such as 5'-CTAAAGG and 5'-ATGC was evidenced by DNase I footprinting. This Lys conjugate was found to be over 20 times more cytotoxic to CEM human leukemia cells than the other conjugates, with an IC50 in the submicromolar range. A high antiproliferative activity, likely attributable to the enhanced DNA binding capacity, is maintained despite the incapacity of the compound to stabilize topoisomerase-DNA covalent complexes. The cell cycle effects of 4d consisted in an S phase accumulation of cells coupled with a pro-apoptotic action (appearance of hypodiploid sub-G1 cells) which were confirmed by measuring the inhibition of BrdU incorporation into DNA and labeling of phosphatidylserine residues with annexin V-FITC by means of flow cytometry. Altogether, the work provides interesting structure-activity relationships in the oxoazabenzo[de]anthracene-amino acid conjugate series and identifies the lysine derivative 4d as a promising candidate for further in vivo evaluation and drug design.
Oil and Agression (1996)

Book reviewed in this article: The Kuwait Petroleum Corporation and the Economics of the New World Order : Mary Ann Tétreault The Iraqi Aggression Against Kuwait: Strategic Lessons and Implications for Europe : Wolfgang F. Danspeckgruber and Charles R. H. Tripp, editors
Dielectric breakdown of polyimide films: Area, thickness and temperature dependence (2010)

Changes in the dielectric breakdown field of polyimide (PI) films have been studied from 25 to 400°C under dc ramps. Both the area (from 0.0707 to 19.635 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and thickness (from 1.4 to 6.7 ¿m) dependences of the dielectric breakdown field have been carried out using the Weibull distribution function. The 63%-breakdown field value (i.e. the ¿-scale parameter) of PI shows a decrease with increasing area, thickness and temperature but always remains above 2 MV/cm. The ß-scale parameter of the distribution shows a typical decrease with increasing area, however, it exhibits an increase with increasing thickness. This 'curious' behavior is discussed on the basis of the percolation theory. No temperature-dependence is clearly observed. Moreover, physical interpretations are carried out using the pre-breakdown current analysis.
A Physiological Pattern of Oxygenation Using Perfluorocarbon-Based Culture Devices Maximizes Pancreatic Islet Viability and Enhances β-Cell Function (2013)

Conventional culture vessels are not designed for physiological oxygen (O2) delivery. Both hyperoxia and hypoxia-commonly observed when culturing cells in regular plasticware-have been linked to reduced cellular function and death. Pancreatic islets, used for the clinical treatment of diabetes, are especially sensitive to sub- and supraphysiological O2 concentrations. A result of current culture standards is that a high percentage of islet preparations are never transplanted because of cell death and loss of function in the 24-48 h postisolation. Here, we describe a new culture system designed to provide quasiphysiological oxygenation to islets in culture. The use of dishes where islets rest atop a perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based membrane, coupled with a careful adjustment of environmental O2 concentration to target the islet physiological pO2 range, resulted in dramatic gains in viability and function. These observations underline the importance of approximating culture conditions as closely as possible to those of the native microenvironment, and fill a widely acknowledged gap in our ability to preserve islet functionality in vitro. As stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells are likely to suffer from the same limitations as those observed in real islets, our findings are especially timely in the context of current efforts to define renewable sources for transplantation.
A phase I trial of intravenously-administered recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cancer patients. (1988)

We report a phase I clinical investigation of 30-minute and four-hour intravenous (IV) infusions of recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF)-alpha. Thirty-nine patients with disseminated cancer received escalating doses of rTNF-alpha for five consecutive days every 2 weeks for a total duration of 8 weeks. Dose escalations followed a modified Fibonacci scale with a minimum of four patients entered at each dose level: 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 250 micrograms/m2/d. Toxicities consisted mainly of constitutional symptoms including fever, chills, headache, and fatigue, increasing in severity with dose escalation. No significant differences in dose-limiting toxicities were seen between the two rates of IV infusion. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 200 micrograms/m2 with dose limiting toxicity being constitutional symptoms and hypotension. Hematologic changes included median decrease in both granulocyte and platelet counts of 38% and 41%, respectively (range, 16% to 85%), although clinically significant granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were not observed. Hematological parameters returned to baseline within 72 hours after rTNF-alpha was stopped. rTNF-alpha induced changes in lipid metabolism were manifested by median fasting triglyceride elevations above baseline (median, 103 micrograms/dL) of 157% (range, 16% to 389%) after five days of therapy with doses greater than 75 micrograms/m2, associated with a median increase in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) of 80%. Serum rTNF peak levels exceeding 10 ng/mL were observed 30 minutes following rTNF-alpha infusions at MTD dose. Twelve of 34 patients had no change in their evaluable disease for a median duration of 18 weeks (range, 8 to 30 weeks), and 22 patients showed progressive disease. This study forms the framework for phase II trials of IV administered rTNF-alpha.
Extracellular matrix of secondary lymphoid organs impacts on B-cell fate and survival (2013)

We describe a unique extracellular matrix (ECM) niche in the spleen, the marginal zone (MZ), characterized by the basement membrane glycoproteins, laminin α5 and agrin, that promotes formation of a specialized population of MZ B lymphocytes that respond rapidly to blood-borne antigens. Mice with reduced laminin α5 expression show reduced MZ B cells and increased numbers of newly formed (NF) transitional B cells that migrate from the bone marrow, without changes in other immune or stromal cell compartments. Transient integrin α6β1-mediated interaction of NF B cells with laminin α5 in the MZ supports the MZ B-cell population, their long-term survival, and antibody response. Data suggest that the unique 3D structure and biochemical composition of the ECM of lymphoid organs impacts on immune cell fate.
Providing a safe environment in the new millennium (2000)

About the author Dianne Anderson is Vice-President, Patient Care Service, Glens Falls Hospital, Glens Falls, N.Y.
“Scalded mouth syndrome” caused by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (1997)

Two cases of "scalded mouth syndrome" are presented and discussed. This condition is a rare side effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are known to cause several other oral and extra-oral side effects. In scalded mouth syndrome, the patient's complaints concern a burning pain of the oral soft tissues. There are no clinical findings.
Experimental radiotherapy‐induced enteritis: A probiotic interventional study (2007)

These data suggest that the manipulation of gut ecosystem by biologically effective probiotic preparations might be a worthwhile therapeutic and preventive tool in radiation-induced enteritis.
Characterization of Circadian-Associated Pseudo-Response Regulators: I. Comparative Studies on a Series of Transgenic Lines Misexpressing Five Distinctive PRR Genes in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2007)

Every member of a small family of Pseudo-Response Regulator (PRR) genes, including Timing of Cab Expression 1 (TOC1 [or PRR1]), are believed to play roles close to the circadian clock in the model higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study we established a transgenic line that misexpresses (or overexpresses) the PRR7 gene. As compared with wild-type plants, the resulting PRR7-misexpressing plants (designated PRR7-ox) showed characteristic phenotypes as to hallmarked circadian-associated biological events: (i) early flowering in a manner independent of photoperiodicity, (ii) hypersensitive response to red light during early photomorphogenesis, and (iii) altered free-running rhythms with long period of clock-associated genes. Finally, a series of all transgenic lines (PRR1-ox, PRR3-ox, PRR5-ox, PRR7-ox, and PRR9-ox) were characterized comparatively with regard to their clock-associated roles. The results suggested that the five homologous PRR factors play coordinate roles, distinctively from one another, and closely to the circadian clock in higher plants.
Auto-adjusting mandibular repositioning device for in-home use (2016)

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a form of respiratory dysfunction that affects 20% of adults in the world. Among the first-line treatments that are used to mitigate the effects of OSA are continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and mandibular repositioning devices (MRD). Although CPAP provides a more efficacious therapy than MRDs, recent studies suggest that both are comparable in overall effectiveness due to greater patient preference and adherence to MRD therapy. In this paper, we present the Auto-Positioner, a novel add-on for MRDs that adjusts the extent to which the mandible (lower jaw) is advanced in response to respiratory signals indicating labored breathing during sleep, and to changes in sleeping position known to affect individual patient's airway patency.
The Influence of Age on the Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Training to Reduce Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Athletes (2012)

The findings of this meta-analysis revealed an age-related association between NMT implementation and reduction of ACL incidence. Both biomechanical and the current epidemiological data indicate that the potential window of opportunity for optimized ACL injury risk reduction may be before the onset of neuromuscular deficits and peak knee injury incidence in female athletes. Specifically, it may be optimal to initiate integrative NMT programs during early adolescence, before the period of altered mechanics that increase injury risk.
Tagging romanian texts: a case study for QTAG, a language independent probabilistic tagger. (1998)

This paper describes an experiment on tagging Romanian using QTAG, a parts-of-speech tagger that has been developed originally for English, but with a clear separation between the (probabilistic) processing engine and the (language specific)resource data. This way, the tagger is usable across various languages as shown by successful experiments on three quite different languages: English, Swedish and Romanian. After a brief presentation of the QTAG tagger, the paper dwells on language resources for Romanian and the evaluation of the results. A complexity metrics for tagging experiments is proposed which considers the performance of a tagger with respect to the &quot;difficulty&quot; of a text. Introduction Lexical ambiguity resolution is a key task in natural language processing (Baayen &amp; Sproat, 1996). It can be regarded as a classification problem: an ambiguous lexical item is one that in different contexts can be classified differently and given a specified context the disambiguator /classi...
Type-II superconductors in high magnetic fields (1998)

Superconductivity in high magnetic fields has attracted considerable atten- tion in recent years. The topic is important both for our fundamental un- derstanding of superfluids and for numerous practical applications. In this thesis, we consider several effects originating from the interplay between the Landau level structure of the normal state quasiparticle spectrum, and the tendency of the quasiparticles to form Cooper pairs below the critical tem- perature. A formalism designed to describe extreme type-II superconductors close to the upper critical field H<sub>c2</sub> is developed. The theory which utilizes the selection rules coming from the symmetry properties of the vortex lattice, simplifies the algebra describing a superconductor in the mixed state signifi- cantly. We are, on the mean field level, able to include the quantizing effects of the magnetic field on the electron motion exactly. A main achievement is the exact calculation of the expansion coefficients giving the grand canonical potential of a superconductor in terms of a power series in the size of the or- der parameter. The result is an expression for the grand canonical potential in terms of a polynomial in a finite set of variables close to H<sub>c2</sub>. Using this formalism, a theory for the experimentally observed damped de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations in the mixed state of a 2-dimensional (2D) superconductor is presented. The theory is compared with numerical results and the agreement is found to be good. A simple physical interpreta- tion of the damping is provided. The dependence of the damping on a finite Zeeman term, temperature, and the magnetic field is considered. A compar- ison of the theory with experimental data for the quasi-2D superconductor K-(ET)<sub>2</sub>Cu(NCS)<sub>2</sub> yields good agreement. The attenuation of a longitudinal sound wave in the mixed state is then calculated. In analogy with the dHvA effect, we predict that there should be damped oscillations in the sound attenuation in the mixed state as the exter- nal magnetic field is varied. Furthermore, the dependence of the oscillations on the sound frequency and temperature is shown to yield information on the low lying quasiparticle spectrum. Especially, the presense of gapless excita- tions due to the magnetic field makes the attenuation qualitatively different as compared to the attenuation in the Meissner state. Some formal convergence properties of the Gor'kov theory for type-II su- perconductors close to H<sub>c2</sub> are derived. We show that the theory is essentially a high temperature expansion; the convergence radius of the Gor'kov series is proportional to <em>k<sub>B</sub>T when there is a Landau level at the chemical potential.</em>
A comprehensive survey of digital transmultiplexing methods (1981)

With this survey, an attempt is made to describe the great majority of all known methods of digital transmultiplexing (i.e., conversion) of time-division-multiplex (TDM) to frequency-division-multiplex (FDM) signals, and vice versa. To this end, the individual transmultiplexer approaches are classified into four categories according to the underlying algorithm: Bandpass filter bank, low-pass filter bank, Weaver structure method, and multistage modulation method. Finally, the overall performance of the various transmultiplexer approaches are compared with each other by means of different criteria [1], such as stability under looped conditions, absolute value of the group delay, computational and control complexity, modularity, potential of intelligible crosstalk, absence of an additional analog frequency conversion, and the impact of out-of-band signaling For a more profound understanding of the individual digital trsnsmultiplexer approaches, the main chapter is preceded by an introductory discussion on analog and digital generation of single-sideband signals. In this context, the associated problems of sample rate alteration and multi-rate filtering arising from digital signal processing are dealt with.
Improved performance of silicon avalanche oscillators mounted on diamond heat sinks (1967)

Silicon avalanche diodes have been mounted on diamond to achieve a continuous power density more than twice that achieved on copper. A pair of parallel connected wafers oa a single sample of diamond produced 4.7 watts of CW power at 13.3 GHz using a room temperature heat sink.
Retinoidal Pyrimidinecarboxylic Acids. Unexpected Diaza-Substituent Effects in Retinobenzoic Acids. (2000)

Several pyridine- and pyrimidine-carboxylic acids were synthesized as ligand candidates for retinoid nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoic X receptors (RXRs). Although the pyridine derivatives, 6-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]pyri dine-3-carboxylic acid (2b) and 6-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carboxamido]py ridine-3-carboxylic acid (5b) are more potent than the corresponding benzoic acid-type retinoids, Am80 (2a) and Am580 (5a), the replacement of the benzene ring of Am580 (5a), Am555 (6a), or Am55 (7a) with a pyrimidine ring caused loss of the retinoidal activity both in HL-60 cell differentiation assay and in RAR transactivation assay using COS-1 cells. On the other hand, pyrimidine analogs (PA series, 10 and 11) of potent RXR agonists (retinoid synergists) with a diphenylamine skeleton (DA series, 8 and 9) exhibited potent retinoid synergistic activity in HL-60 cell differentiation assay and activated RXRs. Among the synthesized compounds, 2-[N-n-propyl-N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)a mino]pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid (PA013, 10e) is most active retinoid synergist in HL-60 assay.
Functional finishing of cotton fabrics using zinc oxide–soluble starch nanocomposites (2006)

Zinc oxide–soluble starch nanocomposites (nano-ZnO) synthesized using water as a solvent and soluble starch as a stabilizer is impregnated onto cotton fabrics to impart antibacterial and UV-protection functions. Nano-ZnO synthesized by reacting zinc nitrate with sodium hydroxide in the presence of soluble starch absorbed strongly at 361 nm due to the quantum confinement effect. The average size of ZnO nanoparticles is estimated to be 38 ± 3 nm using a transmission electron microscope (TEM); this was confirmed by x-ray diffraction analysis and the effective mass approximation method. The starch content in synthesized nano-ZnO was estimated to be 37.57% using thermo-gravimetric analysis. The nano-ZnO impregnated cotton fabrics showed excellent antibacterial activity against two representative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram negative). Also, nano-ZnO impregnation enhanced the protection of cotton fabrics against UV radiation in comparison with the untreated cotton fabrics.
Hydrogels Based on Schiff Base Linkages for Biomedical Applications (2019)

Schiff base, an important family of reaction in click chemistry, has received significant attention in the formation of self-healing hydrogels in recent years. Schiff base reversibly reacts even in mild conditions, which allows hydrogels with self-healing ability to recover their structures and functions after damages. Moreover, pH-sensitivity of the Schiff base offers the hydrogels response to biologically relevant stimuli. Different types of Schiff base can provide the hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and chemical stabilities. In this review, we summarized the design and preparation of hydrogels based on various types of Schiff base linkages, as well as the biomedical applications of hydrogels in drug delivery, tissue regeneration, wound healing, tissue adhesives, bioprinting, and biosensors.
Investigation of primary mirror segment's residual errors for the Thirty Meter Telescope (2009)

The primary mirror segment aberrations after shape corrections with warping harness have been identified as the single largest error term in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) image quality error budget. In order to better understand the likely errors and how they will impact the telescope performance we have performed detailed simulations. We first generated unwarped primary mirror segment surface shapes that met TMT specifications. Then we used the predicted warping harness influence functions and a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor model to determine estimates for the 492 corrected segment surfaces that make up the TMT primary mirror. Surface and control parameters, as well as the number of subapertures were varied to explore the parameter space. The corrected segment shapes were then passed to an optical TMT model built using the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) developed Modeling and Analysis for Controlled Optical Systems (MACOS) ray-trace simulator. The generated exit pupil wavefront error maps provided RMS wavefront error and image-plane characteristics like the Normalized Point Source Sensitivity (PSSN). The results have been used to optimize the segment shape correction and wavefront sensor designs as well as provide input to the TMT systems engineering error budgets.
Improved acoustic modeling for speaker independent large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (1991)

The authors report recent improvements to an HMM (hidden, Markov model)-based, continuous speech recognition system. These advances, which include the incorporation of interword context-dependent units and position-dependent units and an improved feature analysis, lead to a recognition system which gives a 95% word accuracy and 75% sentence accuracy for speaker independent recognition of the 1000-word, DARPA resource management task using the standard word pair grammar (with a perplexity of about 60). With the improved acoustic modeling of subword units, the overall error rate reduction was over 42% compared with the performance results reported in the baseline system. The best results obtained so far using the word pair grammar gave 95.2% average word accuracy for the three DARPA evaluation sets.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Energy efficient thermal management of data centers via open multi-scale design (2009)

Data centers are computing infrastructure facilities that house arrays of electronic racks containing high power dissipation data processing and storage equipment whose temperature must be maintained within allowable limits. In this research, the sustainable and reliable operations of the electronic equipment in data centers are shown to be possible through the Open Engineering Systems paradigm. A design approach is developed to bring adaptability and robustness, two main features of open systems, in multi-scale convective systems such as data centers. The presented approach is centered on the integration of three constructs: a) Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) based multi-scale modeling, b) compromise Decision Support Problem (cDSP), and c) robust design to overcome the challenges in thermal-fluid modeling, having multiple objectives, and inherent variability management, respectively. Two new POD based reduced order thermal modeling methods are presented to simulate multi-parameter dependent temperature field in multi-scale thermal/fluid systems such as data centers. The methods are verified to achieve an adaptable, robust, and energy efficient thermal design of an air-cooled data center cell with an annual increase in the power consumption for the next ten years. Also, a simpler reduced order modeling approach centered on POD technique with modal coefficient interpolation is validated against experimental measurements in an operational data center facility.