gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Compensation of Rhodium Self Powered Neutron Detectors (1976)

A mathematical model of a rhodium self-powered neutron detector has been developed to investigate the detector transfer function and to apply this transfer function as compensation for the inherent time delay in the rhodium-neutron interaction. The various reactions that comprise the detector signal have been evaluated experimentally and the resultant transfer function compensation has been tested in the field against a prompt responding ion chamber during a reactor trip.
Risk-based systems security engineering: stopping attacks with intention (2004)

In most modern information systems (IS), functionality and security are competing design goals. Therefore, system designers are constantly forced to make security-related trade-off decisions. Systems security engineers must build systems that are secure against real-world attacks without overengineering against any particular one. By understanding which attacks are most likely and which risks are most serious, system designers can make informed security-related trade-off decisions. We describe a systems security engineering methodology designers can use to make these decisions.
Fine-grained and Boulder-rich Layers in Terby Crater as Seen in HiRISE Images (2007)

Wilson, A. D. Howard, J. M. Moore and J. A. Grant Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 315, 6th St. and Independence Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20013-7012, wilsons@si.edu and grantj@si.edu, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, ah6p@virginia.edu, NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, jeff.moore@nasa.gov.
A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK (CNN) APPROACH TO DETECT FACE USING TENSORFLOW AND KERAS (2019)

Face recognition is used in a variety of aspects in the modern world. Face detection means to identify the face from a digital image. The deep neural network is considered a powerful tool as it can handle huge amounts of data .conventional neural network is one most popular tool to detect face detection. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from input images. Keras is used for implementing CNN also D’lib and OpenCV for aligning faces on input images. Face recognition performance is evaluated using a custom dataset.
New Compounds. Some Derivatives of Morpholine (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Compounds. Some Derivatives of MorpholineRonald A. Henry and William M. DehnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 6, 2271–2272Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1949Publication History Published online25 October 2002Published inissue 1 June 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01174a603https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01174a603research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views128Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Secondary Nucleation: Mechanisms and Models (2014)

Secondary nucleation is the dominant nucleation mechanism in industrial crystallizers. This work reviews secondary nucleation as it occurs in solution-based crystallization of small organic/inorganic compounds. The review elucidates various mechanisms along with the experimental and analytical techniques used to study them. Based on the review, a refined classification of secondary nucleation mechanism is proposed. Mechanistic models for various secondary nucleation mechanisms are then discussed at length. The review ends with an overview of the metastable zone width for secondary nucleation. The review will be useful to researchers and engineers working on bulk crystallization of small molecules to gain in-depth understanding of secondary nucleation.
Problemstellung und Vorgehensweise (1992)

Die internationalen Finanzmärkte sind seit Ende der 70er/Anfang der 80er Jahre durch eine Welle neuer Entwicklungen und Tendenzen gekennzeichnet, die man unter dem Begriff "Finanzinnovationen" zusammenfaßt. Im Zuge von Deregulierungs- und Liberalisierungsmaßnahmen entstanden viele neue Anlageformen, die sich grundsätzlich von herkömmlichen Formen unterscheiden. Am ausgeprägtesten ist die Entwicklung In den Vereinigten Staaten, in England und in Japan. Die Finanzinnovationen haben dort bisher übliche Formen von Bankdepositen, wie Sicht-, Termin- und Spareinlagen, in immer stärkerem Maße verdrängt.
Cloning and Analysis of a <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> Gene Encoding a Protein with Homology to Cytoplasmic Form Hsp70 (1995)

An intronless gene encoding a protein of 674 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 73,403 Da showing homology to the cytoplasmic form of the 70 kDa heat shock proteins has been cloned and sequenced from the intestinal pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum. Monospecific polyclonal antibodies obtained to recombinant protein recognized a single band with an approximate molecular mass of 70 kDa on a Western blot of C. parvum proteins, as well as the 70 kDa heat shock protein from bovine brain. Southern blot analysis suggested the gene was single copy in the C. parvum genome. Eleven perfect repeats of the sequence GGMP were found in the predicted protein near the carboxyl terminus.
Database tool bc-GenExMiner 3.0: new mining module computes breast cancer gene expression correlation analyses (2013)

Unite Mixte de Genomique du Cancer, Hopital Laennec/Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest site Rene Gauducheau, Bd J. Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, INSERM U892, IRT-UN, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex, Service d’Oncologie Medicale, Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest site Rene Gauducheau, Bd J. Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, Unite de Biostatistique, Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest site Rene Gauducheau, Bd J. Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex and Departement de Biopathologie, Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest site Rene Gauducheau, Bd J. Monod, 44805 Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, France
Insecticide Rotations for the Management of Lepidopteran Pests in Cabbage and Collards (2014)

Insecticide rotations for the management of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L), and other lepidopteran pests of cabbage and collard crops were evaluated in 2010, 2011, and 2012 at Tifton, GA, with the intent of identifying mode of action rotations equal in efficacy to single insecticide mode of action treatments. This was to demonstrate how insecticide rotations, which are purported to aid in the prevention of insecticide resistance, can be an economically-viable insect control option in Brassica crops. The insecticides and mode of actions tested included: chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide (ryanodine receptor modulators), spinetoram (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric activator), indoxacarb (voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker), Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (microbial disrupter of insect midgut membranes), novaluron (inhibitor of chitin biosynthesis) and zeta-cypermethrin (sodium channel modulator). The results demonstrated that all rotations were equally effective in the control lepidoteran pests in Brassica crops to the use of single insecticide treatments and that at least one rotation treatment provided the highest marketable yield each year.
Biochemical components of Berberis lycium fruit and its effects on lipid profile in diabetic rats (2014)

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and lipid metabolism resulting from defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It not only leads to hyperglycemia but also may cause hyperlipidemia. Herbal medicines have always been considered as a healthy source of life. Although medicinal herbs and their derivatives have long been used for hyperlipidemia, their definite effects have not yet been proven by valid research. The aim of this study was to measure minerals in B. lycium fruit and to evaluate the effects of its ethanolic extract on lipid profile in diabetic rats. Methods: For this study 40 male Wistar rats were used and were divided into five equal groups. For induction of diabetes in animals, alloxan monohydrate was used. The animals were under treatment for 42 days. For healthy and diabetic control groups distilled water, for positive diabetic control metformin, for the fourth and fifth diabetic groups Berberis lycium extract in respectively 200 and 600 mg/kg dose were used, daily. Blood samples were collected from heart and lipid profile was measured with autoanalyzer and HPLC. Results: The results of the study indicated that iron level in Berberis lycium fruit was considerably high. In diabetic rats administered with Berberis lycium fruit extract in 600 mg/kg dose, the lipid profile decreased significantly (p Conclusion: The present investigation showed that the Berberis lycium fruit extract alleviates lipid profile level and might be used efficiently in hyperlipidemia, especially in diabetic patients. It may also be beneficial in iron deficiency.
Drug targeting to brain: a systematic approach to study the factors, parameters and approaches for prediction of permeability of drugs across BBB (2013)

The development of a still awaited perfect in vitro model to mimic BBB is a challenging task. System biologist, network biologist and computational technologist should come together to integrate the role of transporters, physiological and pathophysiological complexity of BBB to replicate vascular properties of the brain microcapillaries as a suitable model to facilitate the high-throughput screening of CNS acting biomolecules.
Hydroxyl-Induced Wetting of Metals by Water at Near-Ambient Conditions (2007)

We report different wetting properties of Cu(110) and Cu(111) at near-ambient conditions using in situ photoemission spectroscopy. At near-ambient conditions of pressure (1 Torr) and temperature (295 K), the Cu(110) surface is covered with a mixed OH and H2O layer, whereas the Cu(111) surface remains clean and adsorbate-free. We show that wetting is controlled by the presence of OH groups on the surface, acting as anchors for water adsorption. Hydroxylation of the Cu(110) surface is facilitated by a lower activation barrier for water dissociation compared to Cu(111).
Soft concatenation of space-time block codes and multilevel coding (2002)

Space-time block codes (STBC) are designed to achieve the maximum possible diversity benefit. However STBC are not designed to achieve an additional coding gain. Multilevel coding (MLC) has been paid more attention to for its rate change ability and the ease of the use of the capacity rule. It is shown that MLC are optimal outer codes to be concatenated with STBC in a Rayleigh fading environment. Based on the capacity rule and MLC/MSD (multi-stage decoding) system, this paper presents three concatenation themes of STBC and MLC/MSD. Punctured convolutional codes are selected as component codes according to the capacity rule. If the symbols input in the MSD decoder are soft output symbols of STBC decoder the concatenation is soft; if hard symbols, then hard. The performance of different soft and hard concatenation schemes in Rayleigh fading channels are analyzed at the same time. Then we present the best concatenation scheme for a mobile environment.
Classification and price of land in Bulgaria (1992)

The problems of classification and prices of land in agriculture are nowadays, very actual. The author points out the ways of establishing the category of land in previous periods indicating the inequality and shortages of methodologies. Nowadays, when the process of privatization of land has been introduced in Bulgaria, and when the system of market activity is being introduced, in that country too, the option is abandoned that land, as a present of nature, has no value nor price. Presenting a method for establishing the price of land, the author emphasizes that the price of land depends on the amount of rent it provides, as well as on the current interest rate.
FOXM1 in Cancer: Interactions and Vulnerabilities (2017)

FOXM1 is a transcription factor of the Forkhead family that is required for cell proliferation of normal cells. However, FOXM1 is repeatedly overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, and it has been implicated in all major hallmarks of cancer delineated by Hanahan and Weinberg. It has been postulated that the oncogenic potential of FOXM1 is determined by its capacity to transactivate target genes that are implicated in different phases of cancer development. However, FOXM1 may also play an oncogenic role by interacting with other proteins, such as β-catenin or SMAD3 to induce oncogenic WNT and TGFβ signaling pathways, respectively. In this review, I will discuss the protein-protein interactions of FOXM1 that are critical for cancer development and may represent novel targets for anticancer drugs. <i>Cancer Res; 77(12); 3135-9. ©2017 AACR</i>.
New prognostic markers, determined using gene expression analyses, reveal two distinct subtypes of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia patients (2012)

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a heterogeneous haematopoietic disorder characterized by myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic features. At present, the pathogenesis of this malignancy is not completely understood. In this study, we sought to analyse gene expression profiles of CMML in order to characterize new molecular outcome predictors. A learning set of 32 untreated CMML patients at diagnosis was available for TaqMan low-density array gene expression analysis. From 93 selected genes related to cancer and cell cycle, we built a five-gene prognostic index after multiplicity correction. Using this index, we characterized two categories of patients with distinct overall survival (94% vs. 19% for good and poor overall survival, respectively; P = 0·007) and we successfully validated its strength on an independent cohort of 21 CMML patients with Affymetrix gene expression data. We found no specific patterns of association with traditional prognostic stratification parameters in the learning cohort. However, the poor survival group strongly correlated with high-risk treated patients and transformation to acute myeloid leukaemia. We report here a new multigene prognostic index for CMML, independent of the gene expression measurement method, which could be used as a powerful tool to predict clinical outcome and help physicians to evaluate criteria for treatments.
Contact Electrification in Inorganic Binary Compounds (1986)

The amount of electric charge induced on a sample powder surface by contact with another reference powder has been measured by using a blow‐off method. Samples are three binary inorganic compound systems, consisting of 36 oxides, 15 fluorides, or 13 sulfides of various metal elements. Though the blow‐off charge depends considerably on particle size, charging tendency observed among samples is essentially unvaried even when they contact with different reference materials. Therefore, a series of materials, arranged according to the magnitude of values, is governed by their chemical compositions, and can be adopted as a quantitative contact electrification series. The value for each system is found to shift linearly to a negative direction with an increase in the generalized electronegativity for constituent metal cations. This is understood in terms of the acid‐base properties either in an aqueous or in a gaseous phase, which are correlated with . The charging tendency is also affected by anions, and shifts toward the negative direction in the order of oxides, fluorides, and sulfides. This order agrees with their acid strength order in a gaseous phase, but not with that in an aqueous phase. Extension of the results to more general systems, including materials with more complex chemical compositions, is discussed.
[The primary cruciate ligament suture--is the method outdated? Results in follow-up of 58 patients]. (1994)

In the present study 58 out of 105 patients, who had been operated on for anterior cruciate ligament rupture from 1980-1992 by the same experienced surgeon, were followed up clinically and by X-ray examination. Most of them were sports accidents, above all skiing and soccer. In 11 patients an isolated rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament was found, the remaining 47 had sustained additional injuries (mainly the medial collateral ligament and the medial meniscus). In 52 cases the operation was performed with primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament. For chronic instability 4 patients (7%) had to be treated with secondary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. In the follow-up study 60% of all patients achieved a Lysholm-score of 95-100 points, 19% of 84-94 points. The remaining 21% achieved less than 84 points. In the side to side comparison the Lachman Test was equal or showed a slightly diminished stability of the operated knee in 91% of 54 patients without secondary reconstruction. The anterior stability with 90 degrees flexed knee in neutral position was within a similar scope, the anterior medial stability was a little worse. In 48% of all patients we found radiological signs of osteoarthritis (stage II and III according to the classification of Jäger and Wirth).
N(9)-Substituted 2-phenyl-N(6)-benzyl-8-azaadenines: A1 adenosine receptor affinity. A comparison with the corresponding N(6)-substituted 2-phenyl-N(9)-benzyl-8-azaadenines. (1996)

The synthesis and the assay of title compounds were accomplished. Biological results indicated the general lack of activity among the tested disubstituted compounds bearing the benzyl group on N(6) and confirmed the activity of those with this group on N(9).
Performance evaluation of exception handling in I/O libraries (2002)

Lack of data quantifying the performance cost of implementing good exception handling often causes developers to skimp on exception handling based on its overestimated perceived cost. In an effort to remedy this problem we provide performance data on the cost of building good exception handling into software. We use the Safe Fast IO library as a basis for this study. SFIO improves robustness by a factor of 3 to 10 over STDIO without sacrificing performance. We were able to improve the robustness of the critical SFIO functions by another factor of 5, thus quantifying and reducing robustness failure rates by a factor of up to 70 from standard I/O functions, with an average performance penalty of 1% as measured by the original SFIO benchmark scheme. Future processor architecture improvements will further improve checking speed, essentially eliminating performance as an obstacle to improving software robustness.
Performance degradation of small silicon devices caused by long-range Coulomb interactions (2000)

In small silicon devices, conduction electrons in the channel are subject to long-range Coulomb interactions with electrons in the heavily doped drain, source, and gate regions. We show that, for devices with channel lengths shorter than about 40 nm and oxides thinner than 2.5 nm, these interactions cause a reduction of the electron velocity. We present results obtained using both semiclassical two-dimensional self-consistent Monte Carlo/Poisson simulations and a quantum-mechanical model based on electron scattering from gate–oxide interface plasmons.
Contrast Enhancement of Pathologic Lymph Nodes Demonstrated by Computed Tomography (1989)

Enlarged mediastinal, retroperitoneal and pelvic lymph nodes are often difficult to differentiate from vascular structures. Contrast medium is therefore used to help to discriminate arteries and veins from lymph nodes. This study was undertaken to investigate the degree to which pathologic lymph nodes become enhanced after an intravenous bolus injection of contrast medium. Computed tomography was performed in 25 patients with enlargement of retroperitoneal lymph nodes due to primary lympho-proliferative disease or metastases. A dynamic sequence of a well delineated lymph node was obtained over a period of two minutes. Contrast enhancement was seen in all lymph nodes, but of varying degree. The enhancement was correlated to that observed in the inferior vena cava. Most examined lymph nodes showed slight or moderate enhancement, but in five instances strong enhancement, more than 75 per cent of that of the vena cava, was found. These nodes could possibly have been misinterpreted as blood vessels.
A new class of furoxan derivatives as NO donors: mechanism of action and biological activity (1995)

1. The mechanism of action and biological activity of a series of R-substituted and di-R-substituted phenylfuroxans is reported. 2. Maximal potency as vasodilators on rabbit aortic rings, precontracted with noradrenaline (1 microM), was shown by phenyl-cyano isomers and by the 3,4-dicyanofuroxan, characterized by a potency ratio 3-10 fold higher than glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). This effect was reduced upon coincubation with methylene blue or oxyhaemoglobin (10 microM). 3. The furoxan derivatives showing maximal potency as vasodilators were also able to inhibit collagen-induced platelet aggregation, with IC50 values in the sub-micromolar range. 4. The furoxan derivatives were able to stimulate partially purified, rat lung soluble guanylate cyclase; among the most active compounds, the 3-R-substituted isomers displayed a higher level of stimulatory effect than the 4-R analogues. 5. Solutions (0.1 mM) of all the tested furoxans, prepared using 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, (diluting 10 mM DMSO stock solutions) did not release nitric oxide (NO) spontaneously; however in presence of 5 mM L-cysteine, a significant NO-releasing capacity was observed, which correlated significantly with their stimulation of the guanylate cyclase activity.
Metric geometry of equilibrium thermodynamics. IV. Vector-algebraic evaluation of thermodynamic derivatives (1975)

A new set of procedures is given for the systematic evaluation of thermodynamic derivatives by vector-algebraic means. The new procedures are at once simpler and more general than previously available methods, and require no special tables. General thermodynamic derivatives are evaluated for the familiar one-component homogeneous fluid (where the techniques are extensively illustrated) and for multicomponent systems of arbitrary complexity.