gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maximizing the Degree of Concurrency and Consistency in Distributed Parallel Processing Environment (2009)

This paper attempt to develop the technique of maximizing the degree of concurrency and consistency in distributed parallel processing environment by using Ricart and Agrawala's algorithm, which developed an algorithm to implement mutual exclusion between processes that is based upon multicast. This will support the mutual exclusion system in client/server distributed environment and avoid the deadlock between the system spawned client threads. Additionally, it will promote the effective starvation solving system and to implement the timing control between the mutually running processes. Application of such algorithm in implementing client/server distributed library system is discussed.
The transcobalamin codon 259 polymorphism influences the risk of human spontaneous abortion (2002)

The 259-Pro allele seems to have beneficial influences during embryogenesis, conceivably through its positive effect on vitamin B(12) intracellular bioavailability. Our results warrant additional investigations addressing the question if vitamin B(12) supplementation in addition to folic acid supplementation may prevent spontaneous abortion in women planning a pregnancy.
Sudden infant death syndrome (2003)

A commentary on the review by Goldwater

If scientific research of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is to be judged on how well it now understands this syndrome after four decades of intensive research it has been a spectacular failure. If however, it is to be judged on the number of young lives saved, it has ultimately been a resounding success. Dr Goldwater’s critical insight in this issue1 into our lack of knowledge regarding the aetiology of SIDS and our slow uptake on fully using pathological clues to examine potential causal mechanisms are fully justified, but his observation that much research, effort, time, and money has been wasted is not.

To argue that the present rate of SIDS is returning back to similar levels observed in the 1970s and may be due to natural variation rather than the “back to sleep” campaign may seem feasible when looking …
An essential component to brainstem cough gating identified in anesthetized guinea pigs (2010)

Coughing protects and clears the airways and lungs of inhaled irritants, particulates, pathogens, and accumulated secretions. An initial urge to cough, and an almost binary output suggests gating mechanisms that encode and modulate this defensive reflex. Whether this "gate" has a physical location for the physiological barrier it poses to cough is unknown. Here we describe a critical component to cough gating, the central terminations of the cough receptors. A novel microinjection strategy defined coordinates for microinjection of glutamate receptor antagonists that nearly abolished cough evoked from the trachea and larynx in anesthetized guinea pigs while having no effect on basal respiratory rate and little or no effect on reflexes attributed to activating other afferent nerve subtypes. Comparable microinjections in adjacent brainstem locations (0.5-2 mm distal) were without effect on coughing. Subsequent transganglionic and dual tracing studies confirmed that the central terminations of the cough receptors and their primary relay neurons are found bilaterally within nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS), lateral to the commissural subnucleus and perhaps in the medial subnuclei. These synapses possess the physiological characteristics of a cough gate. Their localization should facilitate more mechanistic studies of the encoding and gating of cough.
Association between TIM-1 gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis in a Han Chinese population. (2010)

These results suggest that TIM-1 gene polymorphisms (-416G>C and -1454G>A) are associated with allergic rhinitis susceptibility in a Han Chinese population.
Dynamic Performance and Speed Requirement of Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensators (2006)

To study the dynamic performance of a polarizationmode-dispersion compensator (PMDC), a continuous PMD model and a dynamic PMDC model are presented. The continuous PMD model generates continuous PMD and state of polarization (SOP) variations. The statistics of the SOP variation generated by the continuous PMD model follows the Rayleigh distribution, and the SOP variation amplitude scales with the square root of sampling-time interval. The results are compared with those of a numerical and a commercial polarization scrambler, and the difference of the SOP variation characteristics between the PMD model and the polarization scramblers is explained. The continuous PMD model and the dynamic PMDC model are used to study the dynamic performance and speed requirement of a two-stage PMDC. The speed requirement of the PMDC is quantified in the SOP variation in one PMDC loop cycle. The authors found that when the SOP variation is within 3deg in one PMDC loop cycle, the dynamic PMD and SOP changes virtually does not cause any degradation in the PMDC performance
Transient small molecule interactions kinetically modulate amyloid β peptide self‐assembly (2012)

Small organic molecules, like Congo red and lacmoid, have been shown to modulate the self-assembly of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ). Here, we show that Aβ forms NMR invisible non-toxic co-aggregates together with lacmoid as well as Congo red. We find that the interaction involves two distinct kinetic processes and at every given time point only a small fraction of Aβ is in the co-aggregate. These weak transient interactions kinetically redirect the aggregation prone Aβ from self-assembling into amyloid fibrils. These findings suggest that even such weak binders might be effective as therapeutics against pathogenic protein aggregation.
The Maleic Anhydride Adduct of N-Phenyl-3,5-diethyl-2-propyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Maleic Anhydride Adduct of N-Phenyl-3,5-diethyl-2-propyl-1,4-dihydropyridineDavid Craig, A. K. Kuder, and John EfroymsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 11, 5236–5238Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01167a125https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01167a125research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of IL-7–Producing Cells in Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs Using IL-7–GFP Knock-In Mice (2012)

IL-7 is a cytokine crucial for development and maintenance of lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells. However, how IL-7-expressing cells are distributed in lymphoid organs is not well known. To address this question, we established and analyzed IL-7-GFP knock-in mice. Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) expressed high GFP levels in the cortex and medulla, as detected with an anti-GFP Ab. Thymic mesenchymal cells also expressed GFP. Flow cytometry analysis suggested that cortical TECs expressed higher GFP levels than did medullary TECs. In bone marrow, immunohistochemistry indicated high levels of GFP in many VCAM-1(+) mesenchymal stromal cells and in some VCAM-1(-) cells. Additionally, half of the VCAM-1(+)CD31(-) stromal cells and some platelet-derived growth factor receptor α(+) stromal cells were GFP(+), as detected by flow cytometry. Moreover, we detected GFP expression in fibroblastic reticular cells in the T cell zone and cortical ridge of lymph nodes. Remarkably, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) expressed GFP at high levels within the lymph node medulla, skin epidermis, and intestinal tissues. Additionally, we detected abundant IL-7 transcripts in isolated LECs, suggesting that LECs produce IL-7, a heretofore unknown finding. Furthermore, GFP is expressed in a subpopulation of intestinal epithelial cells, and that expression was markedly upregulated in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis model. Overall, IL-7-GFP knock-in mice serve as a unique and powerful tool to examine the identity and distribution of IL-7-expressing cells in vivo.
Extensional Viscosity Measurements for Low‐Viscosity Fluids (1987)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gerald G. Fuller, Cheryl A. Cathey, Brent Hubbard, Beth E. Zebrowski; Extensional Viscosity Measurements for Low‐Viscosity Fluids. J. Rheol. 1 April 1987; 31 (3): 235–249. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.549923 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
BROWeb: An interactive collaborative auditory environment on the world wide web (1996)

Presented at 3rd International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD), Palo Alto, California, November 4-6, 1996.
The distribution of the therapeutic monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and trastuzumab within solid tumors (2010)

Cetuximab and trastuzumab distribute slowly, but at higher doses achieve a relatively uniform distribution after about 24 hours, most likely due to their long half-lives in the circulation. There remains poor distribution within hypoxic regions of tumors.
Fuzzy ARTMAP: an adaptive resonance architecture for incremental learning of analog maps (2003)

Fuzzy ARTMAP achieves a synthesis of fuzzy logic and adaptive resonance theory (ART) neural networks. Fuzzy ARTMAP realizes a new minimax learning rule that conjointly minimizes predictive error and maximizes code compression or generalization. This is achieved by a match tracking process that increases the ART vigilance parameter by the minimum amount needed to correct a predictive error. As a result, the system automatically learns a minimal number of recognition categories, or hidden units, to meet accuracy criteria. Improved prediction is achieved by training the system several times using different orderings of the input set, and then voting. This voting strategy can also be used to assign probability estimates to competing predictions given small, noisy, or incomplete training sets. Simulations illustrated fuzzy ARTMAP performance as compared to benchmark back propagation and genetic algorithmic systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dynamic Infrared Linear Dichroism (DIRLD) Spectroscopy Of Human-Hair Keratin (1989)

Dynamic infrared linear dichroism (DIRLD) spectroscopy is used to study time-dependent changes in human-hair keratin films under small-amplitude oscillatory strain. The amplitude and rate of submolecular reorientation observed are very dependent on the molecular environment of the functional group being probed. DIRLD spectra of keratin films are extremely sensitive to molecular-level changes induced by temperature, relative humidity, and the addition of hair-treatment actives. By using correlation analysis, DIRLD data can be represented in a two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) format to compare the reorientation rates of individual dipole-transition moments. 2D IR spectra provide a clear resolution enhancement of the naturally broad amide I and amide II IR absorbance bands. The net result is an improved molecular-level understanding of the mechanical properties of human hair and identification of factors affecting these properties.
Development of a Decision Support System for Drought Management within North West Water (1993)

Abstract Whilst droughts, by their nature, are not frequently occurring events, it is essential, for prudent management of water‐resources systems, to have analytical tools available for the effective management of the risks to water supplies when such events do occur. Within North West Water Limited, modelling techniques have been developed and applied over a number of years, which allow water‐supply managers to be provided with information concerning risks to supply within the Company's water‐resources systems. The paper describes how these modelling techniques have been integrated within a decision support system for drought management. Two different approaches have been used. Firstly, enhancement by the implementation of a user‐friendly interface and, secondly, the development of a knowledge‐based system. The problems and benefits of each approach are discussed.
A Survey of Indian River Archaeology, Florida. Irving Rouse. Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 44, pp. 296, 8 pls. 15 text figs., 4 tables. With appendices by C. D. Higgs and C. W. Goff. Chronology at South Indian Field, Florida. Vera Masius Ferguson. Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 45, pp. 62, 4 pls., 10 text figs., 7 tables. With an appendix by M. Van Winkle Houck. (New Haven, 1951. Bound as a unit: $4.00.) (1952)

A Survey of Indian River Archaeology, Florida. Irving Rouse. Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 44, pp. 296, 8 pls. 15 text figs., 4 tables. With appendices by C. D. Higgs and C. W. Goff. Chronology at South Indian Field, Florida. Vera Masius Ferguson. Yale University Publications in Anthropology No. 45, pp. 62, 4 pls., 10 text figs., 7 tables. With an appendix by M. Van Winkle Houck. (New Haven, 1951. Bound as a unit: $4.00.) - Volume 18 Issue 1
Tetracyanoethylene Oxide. II. Addition to Olefins, Acetylenes, and Aromatics<sup>1</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTetracyanoethylene Oxide. II. Addition to Olefins, Acetylenes, and Aromatics1William J. Linn and Richard E. BensonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 16, 3657–3665Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01094a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01094a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views420Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Decisional Guidance for Computer-Based Decision Support1 (1991)

In the course of interacting with a decision support system (DSS), decision makers may have numerous opportunities for exercising judgment. Some judgments pertain to what to do next; others require predictions or evaluations. Either deliberately or inadvertently, a DSS may guide its users in performing these judgments. This article lays a foundation and proposes an agenda for researching such “decisional guidance. ” Studying decisional guidance matters for two reasons. First, deliberately incorporating guidance in a system offers the potential of more supportive systems while raising a number of design questions. Second, understanding the consequences of guidance—deliberate or not— contributes to comprehending how DSSs affect decision-making behavior. This article examines three aspects of decisional guidance: (1) when and why system designers should provide decisional guidance, considering the opportunities, motives, and means for guiding; (2) how designers can provide guidance, introducing a three-dimensional typology for deliberate guidance; and (3) the consequences of decisional guidance—that is, its effects and effectiveness. This article provides a coherent approach to a set of behavioral questions just now beginning to be addressed by researchers in a fragmented, technologically oriented manner.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Aqueous Dual‐Channel Aluminum‐Hydrogen Peroxide Battery. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A distributed control framework for performance management of virtualized computing environments (2010)

This paper develops a distributed cooperative control framework to manage the performance of virtualized computing environments. We consider a server cluster hosting multiple enterprise applications on a set of virtual machines (VMs) in which the system must dynamically optimize the CPU capacity provided to each VM in response to incoming workload intensity such that desired response times are satisfied. We solve the overall control/optimization problem by decomposing it into a set of smaller subproblems that can be solved cooperatively by individual controllers. Model-predictive controllers, implemented locally within each server, independently decide the CPU capacity to allocate to VMs under their control such that the overall system's performance goals are satisfied. We experimentally validate the proposed framework on a server cluster supporting three online services, showing that our scheme is highly scalable, naturally tolerates server failures, and allows for the dynamic addition/removal of servers during system operation without requiring changes to the overall control architecture.
Stress-Independent Activation of XBP1s and/or ATF6 Reveals Three Functionally Diverse ER Proteostasis Environments (2013)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis through the activation of transcription factors such as XBP1s and ATF6. The functional consequences of these transcription factors for ER proteostasis remain poorly defined. Here, we describe methodology that enables orthogonal, small-molecule-mediated activation of the UPR-associated transcription factors XBP1s and/or ATF6 in the same cell independent of stress. We employ transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics to evaluate ER proteostasis network remodeling owing to the XBP1s and/or ATF6 transcriptional programs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the three ER proteostasis environments accessible by activating XBP1s and/or ATF6 differentially influence the folding, trafficking, and degradation of destabilized ER client proteins without globally affecting the endogenous proteome. Our data reveal how the ER proteostasis network is remodeled by the XBP1s and/or ATF6 transcriptional programs at the molecular level and demonstrate the potential for selective restoration of aberrant ER proteostasis of pathologic, destabilized proteins through arm-selective UPR activation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Radical-Bearing Polyethers as an Electrode-Active Material for Organic Secondary Batteries (2008)

In search of polymer backbones to bind organic radical pendant groups as redox centers for high-density charge storage application, polyether was employed as a flexible chain with a low glass transition temperature and affinity to electrolyte solutions. Cyclic ethers bearing nitroxide radicals were synthesized and polymerized via ring-opening polymerization utilizing various initiators. Polyethers bearing robust radical substituents such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-yl and 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-oxyl-3-yl groups with high density, i.e., per repeating unit with small equivalent weights, were prepared by the anionic polymerization of the corresponding epoxides. Cyclic voltammetry of the radical polyethers, obtained for polymer/carbon composites confined at an aluminum current collector, revealed large redox capacities comparable to the formula weight-based theoretical values, which was ascribed to the efficient swelling and yet insoluble properties of the polyethers in electrolyte solutions by virtue of their high molecular weights and adhesive properties to be held on electrode surfaces. The redox capacity also indicated that the ionophoric polyether matrix accommodated electrolyte anions to compensate positive charges produced by the oxidation of the neutral radicals at the polymer/electrode interface, allowing charge propagation deep into the polymer layer by a site-hopping mechanism. Test cells fabricated with the polymer/carbon composite as the cathode and a Li anode, sandwiching an electrolyte layer, performed as a secondary battery at output voltages near 3.6 V without substantial degradation even after 100 charging−discharging cycles.
Structural color change in longhorn beetles Tmesisternus isabellae (2009)

The elytra of longhorn beetles Tmesisternus isabellae show iridescent golden coloration which stems from long and flat scales imbricated densely on the elytral surface. The scales are able to change coloration from golden in the dry state to red in the wet state with water absorption. Structural characterizations revealed that the iridescent coloration of scales originates from a multilayer in the scale interior. Measurements on both water contact angle and chemical composition indicated that scales are hydrophilic. The change in scale coloration to red in the wet state is due to both the swelling of the multilayer period and water infiltration. The unraveled structural color change and its strategy may not only help us get insight into the biological functionality of structural coloration but also inspire the designs of artificial photonic devices.