gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extending 1kb RRAM array from weak PUF to strong PUF by employment of SHA module (2017)

Recently, the resistance variability of Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) based array has been exploited to design a weak Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) for the cryptographic key generation. Generally, memory-based PUF is weak PUF as the challenge-response pair (CRP) space is limited by the memory capacity. In this work, we propose a design of RRAM based strong PUF for device authentication by employing Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA). The key idea is to split the challenge bits into two segments. The first segment is fed into the RRAM array and the output of the RRAM array is mixed with the second segment as the input to the SHA module, thereby significantly increasing the CRP space. To analyze the properties of the proposed strong PUF such as uniqueness and reliability, the resistance variability is experimentally measured from the fabricated 1 kb HfO2 based RRAM arrays, and the read current distribution is then modeled. The simulation shows that when the number of bits from RRAM is larger than 8 bits, the proposed PUF can present good uniqueness. In order to achieve higher security against PUF modeling attack, however, more bits from RRAM array should be feed into SHA module. With 32-bit from RRAM array, it could achieve average uniqueness ~49.95%, uniformity of `1's ~49.81%, diffusiveness ~49.97% with tight distributions. The use of SHA imposes a strict requirement on the reliability, thus multiple RRAM cells are grouped and used to statistically minimize the risk of early retention failure of a single cell. On the other hand, the use of SHA provides a strong resistance against the machine learning attack as demonstrated through 3-layer multi-layer perceptron (MLP) modeling.
Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) Regulates IGF-binding Protein-5 Synthesis through Transcriptional Activation of the Gene in Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells (1996)

Previous studies have shown that porcine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) secrete two insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBP), IGFBP-2 and -4, and that these IGFBPs modulate IGF-I-stimulated SMC proliferation and migration. In this study we demonstrate that porcine SMCs express IGFBP-5 mRNA and synthesize and secrete the protein. In this cell type, the biosynthesis of IGFBP-5 is up-regulated by IGF-I. This increase in IGFBP-5 synthesis is accompanied by an increase in the steady-state mRNA levels. The induction of IGFBP-5 mRNA by IGF-I is time- and dose-dependent and requires de novo protein synthesis. IGF-II and insulin also increase IGFBP-5 mRNA levels at high doses. An IGF-I analog with normal affinity for the IGF-I receptor but reduced affinity for IGFBPs evokes a similar increase. Another analog that binds to IGFBPs but not to the receptor has no effect, indicating that this effect of IGF-I is mediated through the IGF-I receptor. The IGF-I-induced IGFBP-5 gene expression is cell type-specific because IGF-I had no such effect in other cell types examined. Nuclear run-on assays revealed that IGF-I increased transcription rate of the IGFBP-5 gene, while IGF-I did not change the IGFBP-5 mRNA stability. Furthermore, the IGFBP-5 promoter was 3.5-fold more active in directing expression of the luciferase reporter gene in IGF-I-treated aortic SMCs as compared to control cells, whereas the luciferase activity remained the same in control- and IGF-I-treated fibroblasts. These results suggest that IGF-I up-regulates IGFBP-5 synthesis by transcriptionally activating the IGFBP-5 gene in aortic SMCs.
Subjective evaluation of PCM noise-feedback coder for television (1967)

An optimization of a PCM coding system has been evaluated. The system consists of a linear signal predistortion filter, a linear network in a noise-feedback loop around the quantizer, and a linear reconstruction network. Synthesis procedures for these filters to minimize the runs weighted noise have been reported [1]. Results of a program of subjective testing show that the subjectively optimum system is nearly the same as that predicted theoretically. With a sampling frequency of twice the signal bandwidth and three-bit quantization, the optimum system gives nearly a 12-dB improvement in subjective signal-to-weighted-noise ratio over a conventional quantization system with no filtering.
On the Synchronization Techniques for Wireless OFDM Systems (2006)

The latest research works on the synchronization scheme for either continuous transmission mode or burst packet transmission mode for the wireless OFDM communications are overviewed in this paper. The typical algorithms dealing with the symbol timing synchronization, the carrier frequency synchronization as well as the sampling clock synchronization are briefly introduced and analyzed. Three improved methods for the fine symbol timing synchronization in frequency domain are also proposed, with several key issues on the synchronization for the OFDM systems discussed.
Balanced operation of a GaInAs/GaInAsP multiple-quantum-well integrated heterodyne receiver (1990)

The balanced operation of a multiple-quantum-well balanced heterodyne receiver photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is described. Using only SMA-connected 50 Omega commercial electronics, a free-space beam sensitivity of -42.3 dBm at 108 Mb/s and -39.7 dBm at 200 Mb/s for NRZ FSK (frequency-shift keying) reception has been achieved. This represents a 14 dB improvement over any previous heterodyne receiver PIC sensitivity. In addition to providing the multichannel benefits of heterodyne reception, this is also the highest sensitivity yet reported for any OEIC (optoelectronic integrated circuit) receiver.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Arterial spin labeling in neuroimaging (2010)

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique for measuring tissue perfusion using a freely diffusible intrinsic tracer. As compared with other perfusion techniques, ASL offers several advantages and is now available for routine clinical practice in many institutions. Its noninvasive nature and ability to quantitatively measure tissue perfusion make ASL ideal for research and clinical studies. Recent technical advances have increased its sensitivity and also extended its potential applications. This review focuses on some basic knowledge of ASL perfusion, emerging techniques and clinical applications in neuroimaging.
RNA binding characteristics and overall topology of the vaccinia poly(A) polymerase-processivity factor-primer complex (1999)

The vaccinia virus-encoded heterodimer responsible for poly(A) tail elongation comprises a polyadenylylation catalytic subunit (VP55) and associated processivity factor (VP39). We show that monomeric VP39's affinity for RNA homopolymers follows the hierarchy poly(I) >poly(U) >>poly(G) >poly(A) >poly(C), that the heterodimer interacts stably with 40-45 nucleotide nucleic acid segments, and that its homopolymer preference for polyadenylylation priming is comparable to the VP39 affinity hierarchy (above). For oligonucleotide ligands possessing the previously-identified (rU)2-(N)25-rU heterodimer-binding motif, the heterodimer's affinity and base-type preference are mediated via both the (rU)2and rU portions, with the greater contribution coming from (rU)2. VP39's R107 sidechain contributes to specificity at the downstream rU. Substitution of each ribouridylate of the motif with either ribothymidine or 4-thiodeoxythymidine indicated that the downstream rU interacts with both heterodimer subunits, whereas the upstream (rU)2interacts only with VP55. A 'crosslinking SELEX' approach indicated VP39-base proximity around position -10 of a 4-thioribouridine/deoxycytidine ligand pool. Upon incubating the heterodimer with a panel of identical-sequence oligonucleotides derivatized with azidophenacyl bromide at various phosphate positions, those derivatized at positions -11 to -21 photocrosslinked to both subunits in a coordinated manner. This region may therefore pass through a 'cleft' or enclosed 'channel' at the subunit interface.
Field Oriented Control For Three Phase Induction Motor Based On Full Neural Estimator And Controller (2010)

Closed loop speed control for an I.M is somewhat complex strategy, thecomplexity is gradually increases according to the demand performance degree. There are many types of control strategies: scalar, direct torque, adaptive, sensor less, and vector or Field Oriented Control (FOC). This paper proposes the FOC strategy in details. Rotor flux, unit vector, and electromagnetic torque estimation are considered by using Digital Signal Processing (DSP). Artificial Neural Network (ANN) becomes a powerful tool for control nonlinear system in presenttime. This study proposes the using of ANN in stead of DSP to estimate the flux, unit vector, and electromagnetic torque to reduce the hardware complexity and the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) effect. Also, it proposes the PI neural-based controller. The overall system simulation for both DSP and ANN are proposed. The performances of both systems are investigated, which give in DSP: rise time 0.24 sec, settling time 0.29 sec, overshot 5%, steady state error 0.5%. Whereas, in ANN: rise time 0.18, settling time 0.19 sec, overshot 1%, steady state error 0.2%.
Mass Spectrometry in Structural and Stereochemical Problems. LXXV.<sup>1</sup> Occurrence of Alkyl Rearrangements in the Fragmentation of Some Formaldehyde Acetals<sup>2</sup> (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMass Spectrometry in Structural and Stereochemical Problems. LXXV.1 Occurrence of Alkyl Rearrangements in the Fragmentation of Some Formaldehyde Acetals2P. Brown, Carl Djerassi, Gustav Schroll, H. J. Jakobsen, and Sven-Olov LawessonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 20, 4559–4569Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00948a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00948a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low Angle X-Ray Diffraction of Colloidal Gold and Carbon Black<sup>1a</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLow Angle X-Ray Diffraction of Colloidal Gold and Carbon Black1aJohn Turkevich and Harry Hopkins HubbellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 1, 1–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01145a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01145a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A multilayer display augmented by alternating layers of lenticular sheets (2014)

A multilayer display is an autostereoscopic display constructed by stacking multiple layers of LC (liquid crystal) panels on top of a light source. It is capable of delivering smooth, continuous, and position-dependent images to viewers within a prescribed viewing zone. However, the images thus delivered may contain artifacts, which are inconsistent with real 3D scenes. For example, objects occluding one another may fuse together, or get obscured in the delivered images. To reduce such artifacts, it is often necessary to narrow the viewing zone. Using a directional rather than a uniform light source is one way to mitigate this problem. In this work, we present another solution to the problem. We propose an integrated architecture of multilayer and lenticular displays, where multiple LC panels are sandwiched between pairs of lenticular sheets. By associating a pair of lenticular sheets with a LC panel, each pixel in the panel is transformed into a view-dependent pixel, which is visible only from a particular viewing direction. Since all pixels in the integrated architecture are view-dependent, the display is partitioned into several sub-displays, each of which corresponds to a narrow viewing zone. The partitioning of display will reduce the possibility that the artifacts are noticeable in the delivered images. We will show several simulation results confirming that the proposed extension of multilayer display can deliver more plausible images than conventional multilayer display.
Improved Interval-Based Characterization of Fixed-Point LTI Systems With Feedback Loops (2007)

Traditional approaches for fixed-point characterization are based on long simulations or additive noise models that do not show the nonlinear behavior of the quantization operations in reasonable time. In this paper, a novel interval-based approach that provides both tighter and faster results than the existing approaches is presented. It is based on a nonlinear adaptation of the quantization operations of affine arithmetic (AA). The results obtained with this method are compared to other published interval-based approaches, and the problem of interval oversizing is discussed in detail. Simulations show that: 1) the propagation techniques are not well suited to characterize the quantized linear systems with feedback loops; 2) the AA provides oversized bounds in this type of systems; and 3) the proposed adaptation does not provide guaranteed bounds as in the traditional interval-based computations, but it provides tighter estimates of the evolution in time of the ranges of the fixed-point signals and better runtime than the existing interval-based characterization techniques.
Binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]Hemicholinium‐3 to the High‐Affinity Choline Transporter in Electric Organ Synaptosomal Membranes (1988)

Sodium-dependent binding of [3H]hemicholinium-3 was observed to be 10-fold higher with presynaptic membranes from the electric organ than with electroplaque membranes and this binding site copurified with synaptosomal membranes. The KD for specific [3H]hemicholinium-3 binding was found to be 31 +/- 4 nM and the Bmax, 5.0 +/- 0.2 pmol/mg protein; a Ki of 16 nM was estimated for hemicholinium-3 as a competitive inhibitor of high-affinity choline transport in electric organ synaptosomes. Choline and choline analogues were equally potent as inhibitors of [3H]choline uptake and [3H]hemicholinium-3 binding. Tubocurarine and oxotremorine also inhibited uptake and binding, but carbachol was without effect in both tests. These findings suggest that [3H]hemicholinium binds to the high-affinity choline transporter present at the cholinergic nerve terminal membrane. A comparison of maximal velocities for choline transport and the maximal number of hemicholinium-3 binding sites indicated that the high-affinity choline transporter has an apparent turnover number of about 3s-1 at 20 degrees C under resting conditions. The high transport rates observed in electric organ synaptosomes are likely due to the high density of high-affinity choline transporters in this tissue, estimated on the basis of [3H]hemicholinium-3 binding to be of the order of 100/micron2 of synaptosomal membrane.
Scalable analytics to detect DNS misuse for establishing stealthy communication channels (2016)

The Domain Name System (DNS) protocol is one of the few application protocols that are allowed to cross network perimeters of organizations. However, comprehensive monitoring of DNS traffic has been often overlooked in many organizations' cybersecurity strategies. As such, DNS provides a highly attractive channel for advanced threat actors and botnet operators to establish hard-to-block and stealthy communication channels between infected devices and command-and-control (C&C) infrastructures. Fast-fluxing (FF) and domain name generation algorithms (DGAs) are two well-known public DNS exploitation techniques to build agile C&C infrastructures. The detection of FF and DGA domain names is a big data problem, as it requires analyzing millions of DNS queries and replies over extended time periods. In this paper, we propose two algorithms to perform DNS analytics and effectively detect FF and DGA domain names. More importantly, we describe how the algorithms are implemented using two big data processing models: MapReduce and Feature Collection and Correlation Engine. The algorithms and implementation proposed are iterative and scale over long analysis periods. We describe the implementations and provide an evaluation complemented with case studies on 50 days of real-world DNS data consisting of more than 40 billion events, collected within a large corporate network.
ChemInform Abstract: Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of Stabilized Phosphorus Ylides. Part 8. Preparation of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 1,3‐Diynes from Alkynoyl Ylides and Oxalyl Diylides. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Tools & Toys: Hardware for your Software Radio (2006)

Presents information on the latest computer and engineering technologies and products.
Distribution of 26RFa binding sites and GPR103 mRNA in the central nervous system of the rat (2007)

The novel RFamide peptide 26RFa, the endogenous ligand of the orphan receptor GPR103, affects food intake, locomotion, and activity of the gonadotropic axis. However, little is known regarding the localization of 26RFa receptors. The present report provides the first detailed mapping of 26RFa binding sites and GPR103 mRNA in the rat central nervous system (CNS). 26RFa binding sites were widely distributed in the brain and spinal cord, whereas the expression of GPR103 mRNA was more discrete, notably in the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata, suggesting that 26RFa can bind to a receptor(s) other than GPR103. Competition experiments confirmed that 26RFa interacts with an RFamide peptide receptor distinct from GPR103 that may be NPFF2. High densities of 26RFa binding sites were observed in olfactory, hypothalamic, and brainstem nuclei involved in the control of feeding behavior, including the piriform cortex, the ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei, the paraventricular nucleus, the arcuate nucleus, the lateral hypothalamic area, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. The preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas were also enriched with 26RFa recognition sites, supporting a physiological role of the neuropeptide in the regulation of the gonadotropic axis. A high density of 26RFa binding sites was detected in regions of the CNS involved in the processing of pain, such as the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the parafascicular thalamic nucleus. The wide distribution of 26RFa binding sites suggests that 26RFa has multiple functions in the CNS that are mediated by at least two distinct receptors.
Protective Role of Plant Sterol and Stanol Esters in Liver Inflammation: Insights from Mice and Humans (2014)

The inflammatory component of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can lead to irreversible liver damage. Therefore there is an urgent need to identify novel interventions to combat hepatic inflammation. In mice, omitting cholesterol from the diet reduced hepatic inflammation. Considering the effects of plant sterol/stanol esters on cholesterol metabolism, we hypothesized that plant sterol/stanol esters reduces hepatic inflammation. Indeed, adding plant sterol/stanol esters to a high-fat-diet reduced hepatic inflammation as indicated by immunohistochemical stainings and gene expression for inflammatory markers. Finally, adding sterol/stanol esters lowered hepatic concentrations of cholesterol precursors lathosterol and desmosterol in mice, which were highly elevated in the HFD group similarly as observed in severely obese patients with NASH. In vitro, in isolated LPS stimulated bone marrow derived macrophages desmosterol activated cholesterol efflux whereas sitostanol reduced inflammation. This highly interesting observation that plant sterol/stanol ester consumption leads to complete inhibition of HFD-induced liver inflammation opens new venues in the treatment and prevention of hepatic inflammation.
Prediction of dialogue acts on the basis of the previous act (2007)

espanolEn este trabajo se evalua empiricamente el reconocimiento automatico de actos de dialogo. Se usan datos provenientes de un corpus de dialogos con habla espontanea. En cada dialogo dos hablantes colaboran en el diseno de cocinas usando herramientas C.A.D.; uno de ellos desempena el rol del Sistema y el otro el del Usuario. Los actos de dialogo se etiquetan con DIME-DAMSL, esquema que considera dos planos de expresion: obligaciones y common ground. La evaluacion se realiza probando modelos clasificadores creados con algoritmos de aprendizaje maquina: uno para obligaciones y otro para common ground. El principal dato predictor analizado es el acto de dialogo correspondiente al enunciado inmediato anterior. Se pondera tambien la contribucion de informacion adicional, como la entonacion, etiquetada con INTSINT, la modalidad del enunciado, el rol del hablante y el tipo de acto de dialogo del plano complementario. Una aplicacion practica seria en sistemas de administracion de dialogo.na aplicacion practica seria en sistemas de administracion de dialogo. EnglishIn this paper the automatic recognition of dialogue acts is evaluated on an empirical basis. Data from a dialogue corpus with spontaneous speech are used. In each dialogue two speakers collaborate to design a kitchen using a C.A.D. software tool; one of them plays the System's role and the other plays the User's role. Dialogue acts are annotated with DIMEDA MSL, a scheme considering two expression planes: obligations and common ground. The evaluation is performed by testing classification models created with Machine Learning algorithms: one model for obligations and other for common ground. The mainly analyzed predictor data is the dialogue act corresponding to the immediately previous utterance. The contribution of other information sources is also evaluated, such as intonation, annotated with INTSINT, utterance mood, speaker role and dialogue act type of the complementary expression plane. A practical application can be the implementation of dialogue management systems.