gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Possible Sites of Therapeutic Action in Restless Legs Syndrome: Focus on Dopamine and α<sub>2</sub>δ Ligands (2011)

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder characterized by abnormal sensations that occur primarily at rest or during sleep, which are alleviated by movement of the affected limb. The pathophysiology of RLS remains unclear, although roles for dopamine dysfunction and brain iron deficiency have been proposed. The hypothalamic A11 dopaminergic circuit is used to explain the dopamine dysfunction in RLS and the potential therapeutic actions of dopamine D(2) agonists. Modulation of central and peripheral neuronal circuits may also explain the potential therapeutic sites of action of opioids, adenosine receptor ligands, and voltage-gated calcium channel α(2)δ ligands in RLS. The known and possible therapeutic benefits of these agents and their relationship to dopaminergic dysfunction in RLS are discussed in this review.
Apoptosis Mechanisms Related to the Increased Sensitivity of Jurkat T‐cells <i>vs</i> A431 Epidermoid Cells to Photodynamic Therapy with the Phthalocyanine Pc 4<sup>†‡</sup> (2008)

To examine the clinical applicability of Pc 4, a promising second-generation photosensitizer, for the photodynamic treatment of lymphocyte-mediated skin diseases, we studied the A431 and Jurkat cell lines, commonly used as surrogates for human keratinocyte-derived carcinomas and lymphocytes, respectively. As revealed by ethyl acetate extraction and absorption spectrophotometry, uptake of Pc 4 into the two cell lines was linear with Pc 4 concentration and similar on a per cell basis but greater in Jurkat cells on a per mass basis. Flow cytometry showed that uptake was linear at low doses; variations in the dose-response for uptake measured by fluorescence supported differential aggregation of Pc 4 in the two cell types. As detected by confocal microscopy, Pc 4 localized to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in both cell lines. Jurkat cells were much more sensitive to the lethal effects of phthalocyanine photodynamic therapy (Pc 4-PDT) than were A431 cells, as measured by a tetrazolium dye reduction assay, and more readily underwent morphological apoptosis. In a search for molecular factors to explain the greater photosensitivity of Jurkat cells, the fate of important Bcl-2 family members was monitored. Jurkat cells were more sensitive to the induction of immediate photodamage to Bcl-2, but the difference was insufficient to account fully for their greater sensitivity. The antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 was extensively cleaved in a dose- and caspase-dependent manner in Jurkat, but not in A431, cells exposed to Pc 4-PDT. Thus, the greater killing by Pc 4-PDT in Jurkat compared with A431 cells correlated with greater Bcl-2 photodamage and more strongly to the more extensive Mcl-1 degradation. Pc 4-PDT may offer therapeutic advantages in targeting inflammatory cells over normal keratinocytes in the treatment of T-cell-mediated skin diseases, such as cutaneous lymphomas, dermatitis, lichenoid tissue reactions and psoriasis, and it will be instructive to evaluate the role of Bcl-2 family proteins, especially Mcl-1, in the therapeutic response.
An Accurate Risk Score Based on Anthropometric, Dietary, and Lifestyle Factors to Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes (2007)

The German Diabetes Risk Score (available at www.dife.de) is an accurate tool to identify individuals at high risk for or with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Computational Tools for the Identification and Interpretation of Sequence Motifs in Immunopeptidomes (2018)

Recent advances in proteomics and mass-spectrometry have widely expanded the detectable peptide repertoire presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the cell surface, collectively known as the immunopeptidome. Finely characterizing the immunopeptidome brings about important basic insights into the mechanisms of antigen presentation, but can also reveal promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. This report describes a number of practical and efficient approaches to analyze immunopeptidomics data, discussing the identification of meaningful sequence motifs in various scenarios and considering current limitations. Guidelines are provided for the filtering of false hits and contaminants, and to address the problem of motif deconvolution in cell lines expressing multiple MHC alleles, both for the MHC class I and class II systems. Finally, it is demonstrated how machine learning can be readily employed by non-expert users to generate accurate prediction models directly from mass-spectrometry eluted ligand data sets.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Primary Amine–Borane Adducts: A Route to High Molecular Weight Polyaminoboranes, Boron–Nitrogen Analogues of Polyolefins (2008)

The B all and N all: Soluble, linear, high molecular weight polyaminoborane homopolymers and copolymers have been synthesized by iridium-catalyzed dehydrocoupling of readily available amine–borane adducts RNH2⋅BH3 (R=H, Me, nBu). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z801197_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> Splitter Chip With Integrated Fiber Grooves for Reliable Passive Alignment of Fiber Arrays (2014)

A 1 × 8 optical splitter with integrated fiberpositioning grooves was fabricated by simultaneous formation of the waveguide cores and grooves. The waveguide cores were realized by intaglio etching of a fused-silica wafer and subsequent core filling, followed by the deposition of an overcladding layer. Fiber-positioning grooves were then formed by wet etching the silica wafer with the use of a highly selective SiNx mask. Passive alignment was accomplished by guiding the fibers into the grooves, which is favorable for automated mass production of splitter modules. The resulting 1 × 8 splitter module exhibited a small insertion loss of <;10 dB, low polarization-dependent loss of <;0.12 dB, and high return loss of >59 dB. It yielded good reliability during a damp heat test at 85°C and 85% humidity, and the insertion loss varied by <;0.3 dB. This simple and reliable approach to fabricating optical splitter modules is expected to greatly reduce the time and costs associated with packaging and enable automation of the process.
Emprego de laminado plástico vinílico como amarrilho na enxertia (1951)

Vinyl plastic strip has been used with success as a tie in budding and grafting
Disruption of <i>Alcaligenes</i> <i>latus</i> for Recovery of Poly(β-hydroxybutyric acid):  Comparison of High-Pressure Homogenization, Bead Milling, and Chemically Induced Lysis (1998)

Alcaligenes latus, a producer of the intracellular bioplastic poly(β-hydroxybutyric acid), was disrupted by chemical and mechanical means. Chemical lysis employed sequential treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium hypochlorite. The SDS treatment alone never released more than 60% of the cellular protein (a measure of disruption), but more than 90% of the protein could be released by the two-stage chemical process. Mechanical disruption used a continuous flow bead mill, or a high-pressure homogenizer. Bead mill disruption obeyed first-order kinetics. The diameter of grinding beads did not affect the disruption rate, but protein release improved with increasing bead loading. At low biomass concentrations the homogenizer was ineffective for disruption, but the bead mill could release almost all available protein. Disruption in the mill was independent of the slurry biomass concentration, but the performance of the homogenizer improved with increasing concentration until concentration-related blockages made operation impractical.
Anticarcinogenic Effect of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Identification of Active Compounds (2001)

The failure to improve the five-year survival rate of cancer patients, from one in three in the 1960s to one in two in the 1970s, stimulated awareness of the importance of primary prevention of cancer. Korean investigators carried out extensive long-term anticarcinogenicity experiments with 2000 newborn mice to investigate whether Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer inhibited carcinogenesis induced by several chemical carcinogens in 1978. There was a 22% decrease (p<0.05) in the incidence of urethane induced lung adenoma by the combined use of red ginseng extract. In the group sacrificed at 56 weeks after the treatment with aflatoxin B1, the incidence of hepatoma significantly decreased to 75% by the addition of red ginseng extract (p<0.05). The result showed that natural products can provide hope for human cancer prevention. By the newly established '9 week medium-term anticarcinogenicity test model of lung tumors in mice' (Yun's model), we confirmed significant anticarcinogenic effects of powders and extracts of the 6- yr-old dried fresh ginseng, 5- and 6-yr old white ginsengs, and 4-, 5-, and 6-yr old red ginseng. We also demonstrated that the anticarcinogencity of ginseng was more prominent in aged or heat treated extracts of ginseng and red ginseng made by steaming. To investigate the active components for cancer prevention, several fractions of 6-yr old fresh ginseng and red ginseng, four semi-synthetic ginsenoside Rh1, Rh2, Rg3 and Rg5, major saponin components in red ginseng, were prepared. Among the ginsenosides, Rg3 and Rg5 showed statistically significant reduction of lung tumor incidence and Rh2 had a tendency of decreasing the incidence. Ginsenoside Rg3, Rg5 and Rh2 were found to be active anticarcinogenic compounds. Rg3, Rg5 and Rh2 are active components in red ginseng, and they prevent cancer either singularly or synergistically.
Simulation of three electrode device for bioimpedance study using COMSOL Multiphysics (2010)

This paper presents the standardization of three electrode device for bioimpedance study. The COMSOL Multiphysics is used as the simulation tool for the characterization of the microdevice. In the last decades, the bioimpedance methodology has been extensively used to study the different aspects of biomedical practices. The Micro Electro Mechanical system (MEMS) helps to fabricate miniature devices for the bioimpedance study. In this work a MEMS based three electrode device is simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics to find out the impedance of Phosphate Buffered Solution (PBS) which is the physiological medium for most biological studies and used to stabilize the microelectrodes under testing. The impedance obtained from COMSOL environment is processed with an equivalent circuits simulator named as ZsimpWin by taking into account the equivalent circuit of the PBS.
Introduction (2011)

This book looks at the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and Sinn Féin during the time between the 1956–1962 ‘border campaign’ and 1969. It examines developments within the Irish republican movement with regard to internal structural and ideological changes, but also in relation to the movement's relationship with Irish society at a time of rapid social and economic change, and the reaction of the two Irish states and Britain towards any potential threat posed by militant republicanism. The book argues that not only was the republican movement in Northern Ireland not a key factor in bringing about what happened after 1969, much less a conscious instigator of the crisis, but that radical republicanism was a marginal force carried along for a time on the tide of events beyond its control. It also suggests that the movement was primarily occupied with politics in the twenty-six rather than the ‘Six Counties’. Moreover, it explores the content of traditional republican ideology and the influence of Catholic social teaching as interpreted as part of a radical critique of the Irish state.
Biochemical and Ultrastructural Study of Leu M1 Antigen in Reed-Sternberg Cells: Comparison With Granulocytes and Interdigitating Reticulum Cells (1986)

A group of monoclonal antibodies was shown to react with glycoconjugates containing a sugar sequence--lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNF-III)--in granulocytes and in some normal nonlymphoid cells. The antibodies including anti-Leu M1, anti-My-1, WGHS 29-1, 534F-8, and 538F-12 of the immunoglobulin M-type were used to study the biochemical properties of LNF-III antigens in granulocytes, interdigitating reticulum cells, and neoplastic cells of Hodgkin's disease. In contrast to the presence of an abundant LNF-III glycolipid in granulocytes, the Hodgkin's neoplastic cells had no LNF-III glycolipid or contained only minimal amounts; however, both LNF-III glycoconjugates isolated from Hodgkin's neoplastic cells and interdigitating reticulum cells appeared to be a similar, if not an identical, 150,000-molecular-weight glycoprotein. The neoplastic cells in Hodgkin's disease appeared to show a biochemical property more closely related to interdigitating reticulum cells than any other cells in the monocyte-granulocyte-histiocyte system.
The influence of target acceleration on velocity estimation in dual-channel SAR-GMTI (2005)

This paper investigates the effects of target acceleration on estimating the velocity vector of a ground moving target from single-pass dual-channel synthetic aperture radar data. Although vehicles traveling on roads and highways routinely experience acceleration, the majority of estimation algorithms assume a constant velocity scenario, which may result in erroneous estimates of target velocity. It is shown that under most conditions, acceleration has only minor effects on the estimation of across-track velocity using along-track interferometric phase. However, under the assumption of constant velocity, acceleration may significantly bias the estimate of along-track velocity. The influence of both along-track and across-track accelerations is examined through simulations of an airborne geometry and experimental data from Environment Canada's airborne CV 580 dual-channel synthetic aperture radar system.
Botulinum toxin type A injection for refractory interstitial cystitis: A randomized comparative study and predictors of treatment response (2015)

Botulinum toxin type A injection could be an alternative treatment option for patients with interstitial cystitis refractory to conventional therapies, especially for those who have received repeated hydrodistensions and transurethral fulguration.
Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation and vertebral rotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (1990)

We have studied 34 consecutive patients receiving Cotrel- Dubousset instrumentation for a single and flexible thoracic scoliotic curve, evaluating the rib hump deformity from a single CT scan through the apical vertebra of the curve. Using two measures of rotation we found a mean improvement of 25% in the rotation of the vertebra after operation. Any, usually minor, deterioration occurred in the first six months postoperatively, and there was no significant further deterioration in 19 patients assessed over two years after surgery. Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation can produce a significant correction of vertebral rotation and of the associated rib hump deformity.
Prostanoic acid chemistry. II. Hydrogenation studies and preparation of 11-deoxyprostaglandins (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProstanoic acid chemistry. II. Hydrogenation studies and preparation of 11-deoxyprostaglandinsFrank H. Lincoln, William P. Schneider, and John E. PikeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 5, 951–956Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00945a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00945a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electric Field Distributions in TEM Waveguides Versus Frequency (1995)

This paper addresses the behavior of a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguide operated at frequencies centered around its intended design frequency. A boundary condition analysis leads to an eigenvalue formulation, which is used to determine closed-form expressions for the electromagnetic field distributions within the TEM waveguide. Measurements of electric field magnitudes at several different operating frequencies confirm the analysis. The results presented here illustrate the significant effect of frequency variation on the operation of TEM waveguides.
Design and Laboratory Test of Hierarchical Intelligent Control System for Managed Pressure Drilling (2011)

Automatic control system is the core technology of managed pressure drilling(MPD).Multilevel hierarchical logic control strategy was introduced into MPD control system.There are three control levels,feedback control(levelⅠ),forecasting and monitoring control(levelⅡ) and multi-objective optimization (levelⅢ).A multi-level hierarchical intelligent control strategy was designed.The paper demonstrated the reliability of multi-level hierarchical control strategy and work characteristics.A model predictive control(MPC) algorithm was introduced in levelⅡ.Combined with real-time data,flow model and the control loop system analysis,the paper developed a continuous data updating method for drilling borehole flow model and mechanics model.The method and process the control real-time bottom-hole pressure was provided, which established a solid foundation for speeding up of MPD automatic control system development.
Successful planning: Some lessons in global disease eradication programs (1985)

a Dr. Sehgal has recently retired born the World Health Organization in which he served as regional health education advisor, Brazzville and Country Program Coordinator, Zambia. He was previously the national director of Health Education, Government of India. Dr. Sehgal was visiting professor at the University of Hawaii in the Spring of 1984.
Rate-Distortion Analysis of Dead-Zone Plus Uniform Threshold Scalar Quantization and Its Application—Part II: Two-Pass VBR Coding for H.264/AVC (2012)

In the first part of this paper, we derive a source model describing the relationship between the rate, distortion, and quantization steps of the dead-zone plus uniform threshold scalar quantizers with nearly uniform reconstruction quantizers for generalized Gaussian distribution. This source model consists of rate-quantization, distortion-quantization (D-Q), and distortion-rate (D-R) models. In this part, we first rigorously confirm the accuracy of the proposed source model by comparing the calculated results with the coding data of JM 16.0. Efficient parameter estimation strategies are then developed to better employ this source model in our two-pass rate control method for H.264 variable bit rate coding. Based on our D-Q and D-R models, the proposed method is of high stability, low complexity and is easy to implement. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves: 1) average peak signal-to-noise ratio variance of only 0.0658 dB, compared to 1.8758 dB of JM 16.0's method, with an average rate control error of 1.95% and 2) significant improvement in smoothing the video quality compared with the latest two-pass rate control method.
Evidence supporting the presence of dissolved dimethylarsinate in the marine environment (1999)

Experiments have been carried out to test the commonly held belief that the dissolved dimethylarsenic species present in marine waters is dimethylarsinate. By employing a novel combination of HPLC and cryogenic-trap hydride generation atomic absorption spectroscopy (HG AA), the sensitivity limitations of conventional in-line HPLC instrumentation can be overcome, permitting dimethylarsinate to be measured by HPLC at levels below 200 pg cm−3. A comparison of results obtained by this procedure with those obtained by direct cryogenic-trap HG AA demonstrated that much of the dissolved dimethylarsenic present in the mouth of the Beaulieu River estuary (Hampshire, UK) had HPLC retention characteristics consistent with the presence of dimethylarsinate. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Instability and transient growth for two trailing-vortex pairs (1997)

The stability of two vortex pairs is analysed as a model for the vortex system generated by an aircraft in flaps-down configuration. The co-rotating vortices on the starboard and port sides tumble about one another as they propagate downward. This results in a time-periodic basic state for the stability analysis. The dynamics and instability of the trailing vortices are modelled using thin vortex filaments. Stability equations are derived by matching the induced velocities from Biot–Savart integrals with kinematic equations obtained by temporal differentiation of the vortex position vectors. The stability equations are solved analytically as an eigenvalue problem, using Floquet theory, and numerically as an initial value problem. The instabilities are periodic along the axes of the vortices with wavelengths that are large compared to the size of the vortex cores. The results show symmetric instabilities that are linked to the long-wavelength Crow instability. In addition, new symmetric and antisymmetric instabilities are observed at shorter wavelengths. These instabilities have growth rates 60–100% greater than the Crow instability. The system of two vortex pairs also exhibits transient growth which can lead to growth factors of 10 or 15 in one-fifth of the time required for the same growth due to instability.