gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulations of heat transfer and fluid flow on a personal computer (1992)

Methodologies for performing numerical simulations of transport processes in heat transfer and fluid flow are described. The reader is guided to make the proper selection of simulation techniques and to interpret the acquired results based on the flow physics involved. Computer programs which are used to solve heat transfer and fluid flow problems are integrated in the text. Illustrative examples of thermo-fluid phenomena are provided in every chapter to enhance understanding of the subjects by offering the reader hands-on experience of numerical simulations. Most of the fundamental transport processes in heat transfer and fluid flow are covered. A strong emphasis is placed on examinations of the thermo-fluid phenomena inside a flow passage. Detailed discussions are given on the formulation of the boundary conditions, which is often the key issue in making successful numerical simulations of the physical phenomena of interest. Simulations can be used on conventional 16-bit personal computers. Visualizing the simulated results in graphic form significantly enhances the reader's understanding of the important transport processes.Exercise problems are supplied by which the reader can consolidate knowledge of simulation techniques described and gain further insight in the physical processes of interest. The incorporated diskettes store a complete set of simulation source codes discussed in the text and recorded in ASCII format, which can be run using QuickBasic (registered trademark). In addition, the diskettes contain a number of compiled programs which can be executed without the QuickBasic (registered trademark) program
Audio-Visual Embodied Navigation. (2019)

Moving around in the world is naturally a multisensory experience, but today's embodied agents are deaf - restricted to solely their visual perception of the environment. We introduce audio-visual navigation for complex, acoustically and visually realistic 3D environments. By both seeing and hearing, the agent must learn to navigate to an audio-based target. We develop a multi-modal deep reinforcement learning pipeline to train navigation policies end-to-end from a stream of egocentric audio-visual observations, allowing the agent to (1) discover elements of the geometry of the physical space indicated by the reverberating audio and (2) detect and follow sound-emitting targets. We further introduce audio renderings based on geometrical acoustic simulations for a set of publicly available 3D assets and instrument AI-Habitat to support the new sensor, making it possible to insert arbitrary sound sources in an array of apartment, office, and hotel environments. Our results show that audio greatly benefits embodied visual navigation in 3D spaces.
Two-Dimensional Imaging of Selected Ply Orientations in Quasi-Isotropic Composite Laminates Using Polar Backscattering (1982)

The polar backscatter technique of Bar-Cohen and Crane offers the potential of selectively interrogating plies of a single orientation in composite material composed of lamina exhibiting multiple orientations. In this work we report an application of this novel measurement technique to quantitative two-dimensional imaging of impact and fatigue damage in graphite epoxy composite materials. For each composite investigated, 4 images were generated based on the ultrasonic backscatter obtained at a fixed, nonperpendicular polar angle and azimuthal angles perpendicular to the 45, 0, -45, and -90 degree fiber orientations in the quasi-isotropic composites. Results of investigation of samples that were damaged by impact and fatigue suggest that polar backscatter offers the potential of a ply-by-ply examination of the location and extent of damage.
Metal oxide resistive random access memory based synaptic devices for brain-inspired computing (2016)

Abstract The traditional Boolean computing paradigm based on the von Neumann architecture is facing great challenges for future information technology applications such as big data, the Internet of Things (IoT), and wearable devices, due to the limited processing capability issues such as binary data storage and computing, non-parallel data processing, and the buses requirement between memory units and logic units. The brain-inspired neuromorphic computing paradigm is believed to be one of the promising solutions for realizing more complex functions with a lower cost. To perform such brain-inspired computing with a low cost and low power consumption, novel devices for use as electronic synapses are needed. Metal oxide resistive random access memory (ReRAM) devices have emerged as the leading candidate for electronic synapses. This paper comprehensively addresses the recent work on the design and optimization of metal oxide ReRAM-based synaptic devices. A performance enhancement methodology and optimized operation scheme to achieve analog resistive switching and low-energy training behavior are provided. A three-dimensional vertical synapse network architecture is proposed for high-density integration and low-cost fabrication. The impacts of the ReRAM synaptic device features on the performances of neuromorphic systems are also discussed on the basis of a constructed neuromorphic visual system with a pattern recognition function. Possible solutions to achieve the high recognition accuracy and efficiency of neuromorphic systems are presented.
Low-loss Y-coupler for multimode single fibres (1978)

A technique for making low-loss 3dB Y-couplers in multimode single fibres was developed and evaluated. The couplers were obtained by the fusion of two optical fibres by means of a neated Kantal wire. A set of fifty samples using a Pilkington step-index fibre showed an average excess insertion loss of about 0.7dB.
A Knowledge Task-Based Framework for Design and Evaluation of Information Visualizations (2004)

The design and evaluation of most current information visualization systems descend from an emphasis on a user’s ability to “unpack” the representations of data of interest and operate on them independently. Too often, successful decision-making and analysis are more a matter of serendipity and user experience than of intentional design and specific support for such tasks; although humans have considerable abilities in analyzing relationships from data, the utility of visualizations remains relatively variable across users, data sets, and domains. In this paper, we discuss the notion of analytic gaps, which represent obstacles faced by visualizations in facilitating higher-level analytic tasks, such as decision-making and learning. We discuss support for bridging the analytic gap, propose a framework for design and evaluation of information visualization systems, and demonstrate its use. CR Categories: H.5.0 [Information Interfaces and Presentation]: General; J.0 [Computer Applications]: General
Number of scintillation photons emitted in NaI(Tl) and plastic scintillators by gamma-rays (2003)

In order to estimate the number of scintillation photons emitted in NaI(Tl) and plastic scintillators by gamma-rays, the number of photoelectrons from the photomultiplier photocathode was absolutely measured with several combinations of photomultipliers and scintillators. The photomultipliers were used as a vacuum photodiode. The number of scintillation photons was estimated by using the effective quantum efficiency and the collection efficiency of photons by the photocathode.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterisation of the second messenger pathway underlying neurite outgrowth stimulated by FGF (1994)

Cerebellar neurons, cultured on monolayers of 3T3 fibroblasts or on a polylysine/laminin-coated substratum, responded to recombinant basic FGF by extending longer neurites. The response was biphasic reaching a maximum at 5 ng/ml FGF, but desensitising at 100-200 ng/ml FGF. The response to FGF could be inhibited by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (the erbstatin analogue), by a diacylglycerol lipase inhibitor (RHC-80267) and by a combination of N- and L-type calcium channel antagonists or other agents that negate the effects of calcium influx into neurons. The response to FGF could be fully mimicked by arachidonic acid added directly to the cultures, or generated via activation of phospholipase A2 with melittin. The response to melittin, but not to FGF or arachidonic acid, was inhibited by 4-bromophenacyl bromide, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor. The response to arachidonic acid was also biphasic and high concentrations of this agent could cross-desensitise the FGF response and vice versa. The response to arachidonic acid could be fully inhibited by the agents that block or negate the effects of calcium influx into neurons, but was not inhibited by the tyrosine kinase or diacylglycerol lipase inhibitors. These data suggest that FGF stimulates neurite outgrowth by activating a cascade that involves activation of phospholipase C gamma to produce diacylglycerol, conversion of diacylglycerol to arachidonic acid by diacylglycerol lipase and the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels by arachidonic acid.
Determining the Effective Material Properties of Damaged Particle-Filled Adhesives (1996)

Abstract The damage occurring on the micro-structural level in a commercially available filled epoxy adhesive has been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy of loaded bulk compact tension specimens has provided quantitative data regarding the size and distribution of the damage, which, for the particular adhesive under investigation, takes the form of particle cracking and debonding. Finite element analyses were carried out on representative unit cells of the material. These provided properties for the base epoxy adhesive which were used to determine the macroscopic elastic constants of the damaged material. These macroscopic properties can be used in further analyses to assess the effect that the presence of damaged material has on a system. Key Words: Adhesive microstructureunit cellparticle debondingmicrostructural damagemacroscopic material propertiesparticle filled adhesives
Stationary Self-trapped Laser Beams in Plasma (1978)

The equilibrium radius and nonlinear wave-number shift of a cylindrical self-trapped Gaussian laser beam propagating in a plasma are derived in a direct way using a variational approach. The results differ considerably from those predicted by theories relying on paraxial ray approximations.
RETRACTED: Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue Deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN) Has Nuclear Localization Signal–Like Sequences for Nuclear Import Mediated by Major Vault Protein (2005)

Although phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm is established, the mechanism is unknown. PTEN is a tumor suppressor phosphatase that causes cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Nuclear-cytoplasmic compartmentalization may be a novel mechanism in regulating these events. PTEN does not contain a traditional nuclear localization sequence (NLS); however, we identified putative NLS-like sequences, which we analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis and localization studies in MCF-7 cells. Two double site mutations exhibited nuclear localization defects. Furthermore, unlike wild-type PTEN, double NLS mutant PTEN did not interact with major vault protein (MVP), a previously hypothesized nuclear-cytoplasmic transport protein. We conclude that these two NLS-like sequences are required for PTEN nuclear import that is mediated by MVP. Further, we show that this MVP-mediated nuclear import is independent of PTEN phosphorylation and of the lipid and protein phosphatase activities of PTEN.
A speaker independent recognition algorithm for connected word using word boundary hypothesizer (2005)

A speaker independent recognition algorithm for connected words is described which uses a word boundary hypothesizer to reduce computational cost, as well as a robust word classifier and an effective scoring strategy. The word boundary hypothesizer predicts possible candidates for word boundaries at a variable rate which is controlled by a difference in adjacent frame spectra, obtained by bandpass filters. It reduces computational cost of the algorithm to about one-tenth, compared with a conventional approach. The word classifier uses a statistical pattern recognition technique to calculate word similarities and discriminate a word for a provisional interval between hypothesized boundaries. As the scoring strategy for evaluating possible word strings, word scores are calculated and accumulated for continuous intervals. A word score is calculated from a word similarity by an equation which models the a posteriori probability of correct word position. An experiment was performed for 35 four-connected digits uttered by ten male speakers. The string recognition rate was 93.9% (word rate = 98.4%). It was also shown that the algorithm is superior to a method which regularly skips some frames for boundary hypothesis.
Phosphonic Acid Complex for Stimulating HF-Sensitive Reservoirs – A Revolutionary Response (2004)

Abstract HF-sensitive reservoirs that could not be hydraulically fractured nor effectively stimulated have been a challenge to the Petroleum Industry, hence locking the potential reserves that could otherwise be producible. These formations are typically those with high swelling clays, chlorite clays, feldspars and certain zeolites. Experience shows that even when such formations are stimulated with conventional HF- or HCl-based acid systems, the production performance declines shortly after the treatments, causing the reservoirs to produce at less-than-optimum rates. The skin damage associated with such reservoirs and stimulation by-products act as down-hole chokes, strangling production and increase drawdown. Successful stimulation of these kinds of HF-sensitive reservoirs had been carried out with a Organo-Phosphonic Acid Complex. Treatments have been carried out in seven Oil Producers, Water Injectors and Gas Injection wells in the Niger-Delta Nigeria and an oil producer in South East Asia. Post-treatment rates were above 800% of the pre-treatment values and more than 100% the maximum potentials ever recorded by most of these wells since they were commissioned. The new acid system offered true stimulation of carbonate and sandstone reservoirs as well as restoration to natural permeabilities of these intervals by the process of sequestration and complexation. An overall dramatic response of more than 200% over the wells treated with other formulations in the same basin was achieved. This paper discusses the non-HF based Organo-phosphonic acid formulations for Oil Producers, Gas Producers, Water Injectors and Gas Injection wells in both carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. The process of dissolution of the acid soluble and insoluble minerals that plug the near-wellbore region; candidate selection criteria; design; process of scale inhibition; field applications; results; treatment effectiveness and evaluations. The performance over other formulations is compared with respect to treatment costs, accelerated production, payback time, sustained production or Injectivity after treatment and percentage of original permeabilities being restored.
Inhibiting effects of cidofovir (HPMPC) on the growth of the human cervical carcinoma (SiHa) xenografts in athymic nude mice. (1998)

At present more than 70 human papillomaviruses (HPV) genotypes have been described and each shows a predilection for a cutaneous or mucosal surface. There is a strong association between infection with specific genital viruses (i.e., types 16 and 18) and the development of cervical cancer. Thus, intervention with the natural history of HPV infection in the genital tract may form the basis for an effective anticancer strategy. We have shown that treatment of cell lines derived from human cervical carcinomas [i.e., SiHa and CaSki (HPV-16-positive)] and HeLa (HPV-18-positive)] with HPMPC (cidofovir) results in a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. We report here the effects of HPMPC on the growth of cervical carcinoma (SiHa) xenografts in athymic nude mice. Athymic mice between the age of 6 and 8 weeks were injected SC with 5 to 10x10(6) cells. Once tumors were established, the mice were injected with PBS (placebo), HPMPC, or cytarabine (AraC) at the tumor site. Animals that were injected intratumorally with HPMPC at a dose of 5 mg/ml (0.25 mg/injection) or 10 mg/ml (0.5 mg/injection) three or five times per week, once daily, during 4 weeks showed a statistically significant reduction in tumor size compared to the placebo group or AraC group. However, when HMPC was administered topically (as a cream) or systemically (intraperitoneally), no reduction of tumor growth was observed at nontoxic concentrations, suggesting that a high local concentration of HPMPC is required to achieve a significant decrease of tumor growth.
Volta: Performance and Programmability (2018)

GV100 is NVIDIAs latest flagship GPU. It has been designed with many features to improve performance and programmability. It features enhancements to NVLink, a redesigned streaming microprocessor (SM), and independent thread scheduling enhancements to the single instruction, multiple threads (SIMT) model. GV100 also adds new tensor cores for an order of magnitude throughput improvement for deep-learning kernels.
Solid-state, and solution photochemistry of a 1-aza diene (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolid-state, and solution photochemistry of a 1-aza dieneMin Teng, Joseph W. Lauher, and Frank W. FowlerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 24, 6840–6845Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00024a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00024a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Preparation of enriched fractions from cerebral cortex containing isolated, metabolically active neuronal and glial cells (1967)

1. A procedure has been developed for the separation of intact metabolically active neuronal and glial cells in bulk from rat cerebral cortex. Separation depended on dispersion of the tissue in a Ficoll medium followed by centrifugation on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Up to 1.5x10(7) neuronal cells could be collected from 12 brains within 3hr. The morphological appearance of these cells seemed good, and the fraction was 8.5-fold purified in terms of dry weight. Average dry weight per neuron was 2300mumug. Maximum glial contamination of the neuronal fraction was 11% as determined by carbonic anhydrase measurements. The glial fraction was free from neurons but contained various subcellular contaminants. 2. Concentrations of nucleic acids, phospholipid, protein and phosphoprotein were determined in the separated fractions. The neuronal fraction was richer than the glial in all except phospholipid. Succinate dehydrogenase was equally distributed between neurons and glia but the neuronal fraction was 1.8-fold enriched in cytochrome oxidase. 3. Measurement of respiration by the cells showed an endogenous uptake of 117mmumoles of oxygen/mg./hr. in neurons, and 173mmumoles of oxygen/mg./hr. in glia. Addition of substrate at 10mm stimulated uptake to similar values in both fractions. With glucose it was 390, with pyruvate 355, and with glutamate 215mmumoles of oxygen/mg./hr. This represented a larger stimulation of neuronal than of glial respiration compared with the basal level. 4. Respiration in cell suspensions was 70-80% of that of slices, whereas fractionated tissue homogenates had respiratory rates of only one-third those of the cell suspensions. Lactate dehydrogenase content of cell suspensions was maintained during gradient centrifugation and washing. 5. The possible uses of isolated cell preparations are discussed.
<i>C</i>‐Acylierung unter praktisch neutralen Bedingungen (1979)

Acylierungen bei Naturstoffsynthesen müssen oft sehr schonend durchgeführt werden. Mit dem neutralen Mg‐Salz eines Malonsäure‐thiolhalbesters vom Typ ( 1 ) lassen sich Säureimidazolide (Im = 1‐Imidazolyl) in praktisch neutraler Lösung acylieren. Zahlreiche säure‐ und baselabile Gruppen überstehen diese Behandlung. magnified image
Semi-Automatic Tool for Aligning a Parameterized CAD Model to Stereo Image Pairs (1999)

SUMMARY Fully automatic reconstruction of 3D models from images is well-known to be a difficult problem. For many applications, a limited amount of human assistance is allowed and can greatly reduce the complexity of the 3D reconstruction problem. In this paper, we present an easy-to-use method for aligning a parameterized 3D CAD model to images taken from different views. The shape parameters of the 3D CAD model can be recovered accurately. Our work is composed of two parts. In the first part, we developed an interactive tool which allows the user to associate the features in the CAD model to the features in the 2D images. This interactive tool is designed to achieve efficiency and accuracy. In the second part, 3D information extracted from different stereo views are integrated together by using an optimization technique to obtain accurate shape parameters. Some experimental results have been shown to demonstrate the accuracy and usefulness of the recovered CAD model.
MMIC temperature stabilization through phase change energy absorption (2002)

A novel temperature stabilization concept for MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits) utilized in applications such as decoys, kinetic energy weapons, missile systems, and smart munitions is presented. The concept permits MMIC junction temperatures to be maintained within operational limits during short periods of high power dissipation. The stabilization of junction temperature is accomplished by locating the MMIC in close thermal proximity to a material which undergoes a change of state. The result of this mounting configuration is the absorption of large relative quantities of thermal energy within a minimal volume. Both theoretical and experimental data are presented which support evidence of an increase in operational period of approximately 200%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>