gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorine-Containing Polymers as Solid Supports in Gas Chromatography. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorine-Containing Polymers as Solid Supports in Gas Chromatography.J. J. KirklandCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 13, 2003–2009Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60206a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60206a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Speech enhancement based on auditory perception (1995)

It is well known that formants are more important for speech perception than other details of the spectral envelope. Therefore, for the case of speech (vowels) in noise, improving the salience of the formants by decreasing the energy in the valleys between spectral peaks would logically result in improving intelligibility. Furthermore, perceptually only the first three formants are important in determining the sound that is heard, although the higher formants are necessary to produce sounds of acceptable quality. Based on the above, this paper proposes a scheme to enhance the spectral peaks of the first three formants. In this scheme, the first-order high-pass filter with 1-kHz cutoff frequency is used to pre-emphasize the input speech. Three equalizers in parallel form are designed to enhance the amplitudes of the first three formants that are extracted by the cepstral technique and used as the corresponding resonant frequencies of these equalizers. This proposed scheme is particularly effective in the situation where clean speech can be obtained, such as theaters, concert halls, and classrooms with electrical audio-visual aids, etc. The advantages of this scheme over existing schemes will be discussed, and a demonstration tape will also be played during the presentation.
Direct interstitial infusion of NK<sub>1</sub>-targeted neurotoxin into the spinal cord: a computational model (2003)

Convection-enhanced delivery of substance P (SP) nocitoxins to the spinal cord interstitium is under consideration for the treatment of chronic pain. To characterize treatment protocols, a three-dimensional finite-element model of infusion into the human dorsal column was developed to predict the distribution of SP-diphtheria toxin fusion protein (SP-DT') within normal and target tissue. The model incorporated anisotropic convective and diffusive transport through the interstitial space, hydrolysis by peptidases, and intracellular trafficking. For constant SP-DT' infusion (0.1 microl/min), the distribution of cytotoxicity in NK1 receptor-expressing neurons was predicted to reach an asymptotic limit at 6-8 h in the transverse direction at the level of the infusion cannula tip ( approximately 60% ablation of target neurons in lamina I/II). Computations revealed that SP-DT' treatment was favored by a stable SP analog (half-life approximately 60 min), high infusate concentration (385 nM), and careful catheter placement (adjacent to target lamina I/II). Sensitivity of cytotoxic regions to NK1 receptor density and white matter protease activity was also established. These data suggest that intraparenchymal infusions can be useful for treatment of localized chronic pain.
Primary Structure of Human Ribosomal Protein S14 and the Gene That Encodes It (1986)

Chinese hamster ribosomal protein S14 cDNA was used to recognize homologous human cDNA and genomic clones. Human and Chinese hamster S14 protein sequences deduced from the cDNAs are identical. Two overlapping human genomic S14 DNA clones were isolated from a Charon 28 placental DNA library. A fragment of single-copy DNA derived from an intron region of one clone was mapped to the functional RPS14 locus on human chromosome 5q by using a panel of human X Chinese hamster hybrid cell DNAs. The human S14 gene consists of five exons and four introns spanning 5.9 kilobase pairs of DNA. Polyadenylated S14 transcripts purified from HeLa cell cytoplasma display heterogeneous 5' ends that map within noncoding RPS14 exon 1. This precludes assignment of a unique 5' boundary of RPS14 transcripts with respect to the cloned human genomic DNA. Apparently HeLa cells either initiate transcription at multiple sites within RPS14 exon 1, or capped 5' oligonucleotides are removed from most S14 mRNAs posttranscription. In contrast to the few murine ribosomal protein and several other mammalian housekeeping genes whose structures are known, human RPS14 contains a TATA sequence (TATACTT) upstream from exon 1. Three related short sequence motifs, also observed in murine and yeast ribosomal protein genes, occur in this region of the RPS14 gene. RPS14 introns 3 and 4 both contain Alu sequences. Interestingly, the Alu sequence in intron 3 is located slightly downstream from a chromosome 5 deletion breakpoint in one human X hamster hybrid clone analyzed.
Concentration of viruses and dissolved DNA from aquatic environments by vortex flow filtration (1991)

Vortex flow filtration (VFF) was used to concentrate viruses and dissolved DNA from freshwater and seawater samples taken in Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Bahamas Bank. Recoveries of T2 phage and calf thymus DNA added to artificial seawater and concentrated by VFF were 72.8 and 80%, respectively. Virus concentrations determined by transmission electron microscopy of VFF-concentrated samples ranged from 3.4 x 10(7)/ml for a eutrophic Tampa Bay sample to 2.4 x 10(5) for an oligotrophic oceanic surface sample from the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Viruslike particles were also observed in a sample taken from a depth of 1,500 m in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Filtration of samples through Nuclepore or Durapore filters (pore size, 0.2 micron) prior to VFF reduced phage counts by an average of two-thirds. Measurement of dissolved-DNA content by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence in environmental samples concentrated by VFF yielded values only ca. 35% of those obtained for samples concentrated by ethanol precipitation (the standard dissolved-DNA method). However, ethanol precipitation of VFF-concentrated extracts resulted in an increase in measurable DNA, reaching 80% of the value obtained by the standard method. These results indicate that a portion of the naturally occurring dissolved DNA is in a form inaccessible to nucleases and Hoechst stain, perhaps bound to protein or other polymeric material, and is released upon ethanol precipitation. Viral DNA contents estimated from viral counts averaged only 3.7% (range, 0.9 to 12.3%) of the total dissolved DNA for samples from freshwater, estuarine, and offshore oligotrophic environments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Semisynthesis and Analysis of Lipophilically Modified Unfractionated and Low Molecular Mass Heparins (1994)

Unfractionated heparin and LMMH were substituted with different lipophilic organic compounds. Specifically endpoint attached (LMMH-tyramine and LMMH-tyramine-FITC) and nonspecifically substituted heparins (acylated heparins, and LMMH-biotin and LMMH-cholesterol hemisuccinate) were obtained. The lipophilically substituted heparins were analysed by HPSEC and showed different retention times, high peak purity, different UV/VIS absorbances, and areas under the absorbance time curve. The determination of the average molecular mass Mn, Mm, and Mz and the polydispersity P was performed by PAGE. The substituted heparins showed an increase in their molecular mass Mm, ranging from 2.9 to 129.7% unfractionated heparin and 3.9 to 224.0% (LMMH) compared with the parent compounds (unfractionated heparin and LMMH). The anticoagulant activity was measured by anti-Factor Xa. Lipophilically modified heparin had an aXa activity ranging from 52 to 168 U/mg (unfractionated) and 60 to 108 U/mg (LMMH) and antithrombin activity ranging from 31 to 270 U/mg (unfractionated) and 5 to 15 U/mg (LMMH). The thrombin generation inhibition assay demonstrated an effective anticoagulant potency of the modified compounds. They were neutralized by different amounts (1.1 to 4.1, w/w) of protamin. 1H NMR spectroscopy revealed the specific endpoint attachment of tyramine to LMMH and FITC to LMMH-tyramine. The lipophilically modified heparins showed intact anticoagulant properties and are now used for pharmacokinetic investigations.
Towards web-scale structured web data extraction (2013)

In this paper we present an ongoing PhD research on unsupervised and domain-independent structured data extraction from the Web. We propose a novel method to extract structured data records from template-generated Web pages. The method is based on clustering visually similar Web page elements by exploiting their visual formatting and HTML structural features. Tag paths of clustered Web page elements are then employed to derive extraction rules. These rules, called wrappers, can be later reused on thousands of same template-generated Web pages. This opens the possibility for the proposed method to be deployed in Web-Scale structured data extraction systems.
A review of ultralow-volume aerial sprays of insecticide for mosquito control. (1996)

This review of research on ultralow-volume (ULV) aerial sprays for mosquito control is a component of an Aerial SPray EXpert system (ASPEX). Topics include application volume, adulticiding, larviciding, droplet size, and meteorology. The review discusses the efficacy of ULV aerial sprays against many important pest and vector species of mosquitoes in a wide range of locations and habitats in the USA and in some countries of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Nine conclusions were drawn from this review. 1) ULV applications are as effective for mosquito control as highly-diluted, water-based sprays. 2) More acres can be sprayed per aircraft load with the ULV method than with dilute sprays. 3) High-altitude ULV sprays using wide or stacked swaths could be used in emergencies if wind speed and direction data at appropriate altitudes are available to accurately place the spray. 4) Successful adult mosquito control can be achieved in dense foliage or open housing with ULV aerial sprays, but doses of insecticide must be increased. 5) ULV aerial application of mosquito larvicides can be used successfully in large areas. 6) The optimum droplet size for adult mosquito control is 5-25 microns volume median diameter (VMD). 7) For mosquito adulticiding, near optimum atomization of ULV sprays is achieved with flat-fan nozzles oriented straight down or slightly forward for high-speed aircraft (> or = 150 mph) or rotary atomizers on slow-speed aircraft (< 150 mph). 8) Optimum atomization minimizes paint spotting. 9) Maximum adult mosquito control is achieved just after sunrise and just before sunset with 2-10-mph crosswinds.
Photo-oxidation of σ-conjugated Si–Si network polymers (1991)

The ultraviolet-induced photooxidation of polyalkylsilyne network polymers has been examined. Infrared and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies indicate a higher oxygen coordination about the Si atoms following photolysis than observed for the linear polysilanes. A photochemical pathway leading to cleavage of the alkyl groups from the Si backbone has been observed, the products of which then desorb as the respective alkanes or 1-alkenes via a thermally activated process. Finally, the photooxidation rate at 193 nm of thin polyalkylsilyne films is photon limited at fluences less than 1–5 mJ/cm2 per pulse; whereas above this fluence, the photooxidation is oxygen limited. For the latter, the amount of oxygen chemically incorporated into the Si–Si network per laser pulse is dictated by the solubility level of oxidant in the film.
Modern natural language interfaces to databases (2004)

Natural Language Interfaces to Databases (NLIs) can benefit from the advances in statistical parsing over the last fifteen years or so. However, statistical parsers require training on a massive, labeled corpus, and manually creating such a corpus for each database is prohibitively expensive. To address this quandary, this paper reports on the PRECISE NLI, which uses a statistical parser as a "plug in". The paper shows how a strong semantic model coupled with "light re-training" enables PRECISE to overcome parser errors, and correctly map from parsed questions to the corresponding SQL queries. We discuss the issues in using statistical parsers to build database-independent NLIs, and report on experimental results with the benchmark ATIS data set where PRECISE achieves 94% accuracy.
Patterned quantum well semiconductor injection laser grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1988)

A novel quantum well semiconductor laser structure is described. This patterned quantum well laser utilizes the thickness variations and nonplanarity exhibited by quantum wells grown on grooved substrates in order to achieve lateral carrier confinement and real index waveguiding. Index guided GaAs/AlGaAs patterned quantum well lasers with ∼1-μm-wide active layer stripes and threshold currents as low as 6 mA have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy. This patterned quantum well laser configuration is particularly attractive for fabricating quantum wire and quantum box semiconductor injection lasers.
A new simvastatin (mevinolin)-resistance marker from Haloarcula hispanica and a new Haloferax volcanii strain cured of plasmid pHV2 The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF123438. (2001)

The mevinolin-resistance determinant, hmg, encodes the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and is a commonly used selectable marker in halobacterial genetics. Plasmids bearing this marker suffer from instability in Haloferax volcanii because the resistance gene was derived from the genome of this species and is almost identical in sequence to the chromosomal copy. In order to reduce the level of homologous recombination between introduced plasmid vectors and the chromosome of Haloferax, a homologue of the hmg determinant was obtained from the distantly related organism, Haloarcula hispanica. The nucleotide sequences of the wild-type genes (hmgA) of these two species are only 78% identical, and the predicted protein sequences show 71% identity. In comparison to the wild-type hmgA gene, the resistance gene from a mutant resistant to simvastatin (an analogue of mevinolin) showed a single base substitution in the putative promoter. Plasmids constructed using the new resistance determinant were stably maintained under selection in Hfx. volcanii and possessed very low recombination rates with the chromosome of this species. In addition, an improved strain of Hfx. volcanii was developed to overcome the plasmid instability and growth reduction observed in the commonly used WFD11 strain.
Long-Term Clinical Effects of Epalrestat, an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor, on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (2006)

Long-term treatment with epalrestat is well tolerated and can effectively delay the progression of diabetic neuropathy and ameliorate the associated symptoms of the disease, particularly in subjects with good glycemic control and limited microangiopathy.
Online traffic-aware virtual machine placement in data center networks (2012)

Data centers rely on virtualization to provide different services over a shared infrastructure. The placement of the different services and tasks in the physical machines is crucial for the performance of the whole system. A misplaced service can overload some network links, lead to congestion, or even connection disruptions. On the other hand, virtual machine migration allows reallocating services and changing the traffic matrix, leading to more efficient use of bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a Virtual Machine Placement (VMP) algorithm to (re)allocate virtual machines in the data center servers, based on the current traffic matrix, CPU, and memory usage. Analyzing the formation of community patterns in terms of traffic using graph theory, we are able to find virtual machines that are correlated because they exchange high amount of data. Those virtual machines are aggregated and allocated to servers as close as possible to each other, reducing traffic congestion. Our simulation results show that VMP was able to improve the traffic distribution. In some specific cases we were able to reduce 80% of the core traffic, concentrating it at the edge of the network.
Design and Development of EMG Controlled Prosthetics Limb (2012)

Arm amputees are people who have lost their upper limb due to accident, trauma or any disease affecting the limbs. Such people cannot perform functions which require using the hand, not even routine activities in day-to-day life such as holding the objects, moving them, eating and all the like functions. Broadly speaking, these people are not self-sufficient, but they do have an opening to look forward to. The muscles in the remaining part of the arm function in a normal way, enabling the electromyogram (EMG) signals from them to be used in limb replacement techniques. One such solution would be a Myoelectric Prosthetic Arm, which uses the EMG signals from the patient and controls movement of the prosthetic arm. The advantage of this technique is that the signal will be acquired from the patient's body and after suitable processing it is used as a control input to drive motors which are coupled to the prosthetic arm. So, the arm can be worn by amputees and the control mechanism will be initiated by their own EMG signals.
Ethanol transiently suppresses choline-acetyltransferase in basal nucleus of Meynert slices (2012)

The cholinergic system plays a major role in learning and cognition and cholinergic neurons appear to be particularly vulnerable to ethanol (EtOH) exposure. There are conflicting results if EtOH directly damages cholinergic neurons. Thus, the aims of the present study were (1) to investigate the effect of different EtOH concentrations on cholinergic neurons in organotypic brain slices of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) and (2) to study if the most potent cholinotrophic substance nerve growth factor (NGF) or inhibitors of mitogen activated kinase (MAPK) p38- and nitric-oxide synthase (NOS)-pathways may counteract any EtOH effect. Two-week old organotypic rat brain slices of the nbM were exposed to 1-100 mM EtOH for 7 days with or without drugs and the number of choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive neurons was counted. Our data show that EtOH significantly reduced the number of ChAT-positive neurons with the most potent effect at a concentration of 50 mM EtOH (54±5 neurons per slice, p<0.001), compared to control slices (120±13 neurons per slice). Inhibition of MAPK p38 (SB 203580, 10 μM) and NOS (L-thiocitrulline, 10 μM) counteracted the EtOH-induced decline of cholinergic neurons and NGF protected cholinergic neurons against the EtOH-induced effect. Withdrawal of EtOH resulted in a reversal of cholinergic neurons to nearly controls. In conclusion, EtOH caused a transient decline of cholinergic neurons, possibly involving MAPK p38- and NOS-pathways suggesting that EtOH does not induce direct cell death, but causes a transient downregulation of the cholinergic key enzyme, possibly reflecting a form of EtOH-associated plasticity.
Coleridge’s Theory of Imagination: a Hegelian Solution to Kant? (1986)

Coleridge’s theory of imagination has all too frequently been misunderstood throughout its history, with a few notable exceptions.1 Both recent critical works and, lamentably, the new edition of the Biographia Literaria perpetuate the past misunderstandings, in spite of the well-charted pitfalls of previous interpreters. The problem arises from a lack of attention to the import of Coleridge’s numerous, if scattered, statements related to the theory, combined with a tendency to undervalue the significance of the philosophical context of his theory, as well as its origins, inspiration and aims. The theory of imagination lies at the heart of Coleridge’s aesthetic and philosophical projects, situating Coleridge clearly in relation to rationalism, empiricism and idealism. For it cuts through many of the pseudo-problems of philosophy, based as they were upon unexamined assumptions, often couched in terms of dualities or reified entities inherited from earlier philosophy. A closer examination of the intellectual context within which Coleridge was formulating his discoveries and answers to traditional problems helps us to clarify his theory and its contribution to an understanding of processes of perception and knowledge.
Real-time communication over unreliable wireless links: a theory and its applications (2012)

Wireless networks are increasingly used to serve real-time flows. We provide an overview of an emerging theory on real-time wireless communications and some of its main results. This theory is based on a model that jointly considers the delay bounds and throughput requirements of clients, as well as the unreliable and heterogeneous nature of wireless links. This model can be further extended in several aspects. It provides solutions to three important problems, namely, admission control, packet scheduling, and utility maximization. The theory can also be extended to consider broadcast of real-time flows, and to incorporate network coding.
Cytogenetic Abnormalities Predict Clinical Outcome in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (1988)

Tumor cytogenetic analysis was done for 68 patients with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and recurring cytogenetic abnormalities were correlated with achievement of complete remission, duration of complete remission, and survival. Among all patients, the presence of normal metaphases in tumor material was associated with a higher complete remission rate and longer survival. However, the duration of complete remission did not correlate with the presence or absence of chromosomal changes. Among patients with follicular lymphomas, the presence of normal metaphases in the tumor material was again associated with a higher rate of complete remission and with longer survival. Patients with structural abnormalities of chromosome 17 had a shorter survival than patients without these abnormalities. Among the patients with diffuse large-cell and immunoblastic lymphomas, those with breaks in the short arm of chromosome 2 had a longer survival than those without these breaks. We conclude that chromosomal abnormalities are predictive of clinical outcome in malignant lymphoma.