gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Phospholipid Binding by the C<sub>2</sub>A-Domain of Synaptotagmin I (1998)

Synaptotagmin I is a synaptic vesicle membrane protein that probably functions as a Ca2+ sensor in neurotransmitter release and contains two C2-domains which bind Ca2+. The first C2-domain of synaptotagmin I (the C2A-domain) binds phospholipids in a Ca2+-dependent manner similar to that of the C2-domains of protein kinase C, cytoplasmic phospholipase A2, and phospholipase Cdelta1. Although the tertiary structure of these C2-domains is known, the molecular basis for their Ca2+-dependent interactions with phospholipids is unclear. We have now investigated the mechanisms involved in Ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding by the C2A-domain of synaptotagmin I. Our data show that the C2A-domain binds negatively charged liposomes in an electrostatic interaction that is determined by the charge density of the liposome surface but not by the phospholipid headgroup. At the tip of the C2A-domain, three tightly clustered Ca2+-binding sites are formed by five aspartates and one serine. Mutations in these aspartate and serine residues demonstrated that all three Ca2+-binding sites are required for phospholipid binding. The Ca2+ binding sites at the top of the C2A-domain are surrounded by positively charged amino acids that were shown by mutagenesis to be also involved in phospholipid binding. Our results yield a molecular picture of the interactions between a C2-domain and phospholipids. Binding is highly electrostatic and occurs between the surfaces of the phospholipid bilayer and of the tip of the C2A-domain. The data suggest that the negatively charged phospholipid headgroups interact with the basic side chains surrounding the Ca2+-binding sites and with bound Ca2+ ions, thereby filling empty coordination sites and increasing the apparent affinity for Ca2+. In addition, insertion of hydrophobic side chains may contribute to phospholipid binding. This model is likely to be general for other C2-domains, with the relative contributions of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions dictated by the exposed side chains surrounding the Ca2+-binding region.
Composition of Human Thrombus Assessed by Quantitative Colorimetric Angioscopic Analysis (1997)

Quantitative colorimetric angioscopic analysis provides a new, objective, and reproducible analytic tool for assessing angioscopic images of human thrombus. Even under ideal circumstances, experienced angioscopists do a poor job of assessing color (and therefore composition) of human thrombi. This technique can, for the first time, provide quantitative information of thrombus composition during routine diagnostic imaging.
Mechanism of cross-resistance to a camptothecin analogue (CPT-11) in a human ovarian cancer cell line selected by cisplatin. (1992)

We established a cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line (HAC2/0.1) from the parent cell line (HAC2/P) by continuous exposure of HAC2/P to 0.1 microgram of cisplatin/ml. Drug sensitivity determined by colony assay revealed that HAC2/0.1 was 2.4 times as resistant to cisplatin as the parental cell line. HAC2/0.1 was 12.1 and 2.0 times as resistant to (4s)-4,11-diethyl-4-hydroxy-9-[(4-piperidinopiperidino)-carbony loxy]dione hydrochloride trithydrate (CPT-11) and 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-CPT (SN-38; an active metabolite of CPT-11), respectively, than HAC2/P. We studied the mechanism of cross-resistance to CPT-11 in HAC2/0.1. The glutathione (GSH) content was higher in HAC2/0.1 than in HAC2/P. The activity of DNA topoisomerase I and the accumulation of CPT-11 and SN-38 were also the same. On the other hand, the conversion of CPT-11 to SN-38 in HAC2/0.1 was about 3-fold less than in HAC2/P. Treatment of the parent and resistant cell lines with buthionine sulfoxamine (BSO) decreased the GSH content of both cell lines and decreased the 50% inhibitory concentrations of all the tested drugs for HAC2/0.1. The accumulation of CPT-11 in HAC2/0.1 but not in HAC2/P was increased by BSO treatment. On the other hand, in HAC2/P the 50% inhibitory concentrations of SN-38 and CPT-11 were not influenced by BSO treatment. The 50% inhibitory concentration of CPT-11 for HAC2/0.1 was not reduced by BSO treatment to the level for HAC2/P, even though the GSH content had been reduced more than in HAC2/P. These results show that there is no clear relationship between GSH and resistance to CPT-11. The decreased conversion of CPT-11 to SN-38 is considered to be the main cause of resistance to CPT-11 in this cell line.
Hypotensives. VI.<sup>1</sup> Disubstituted Alkylenediamines and Related Compounds (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHypotensives. VI.1 Disubstituted Alkylenediamines and Related CompoundsJerry E. Robertson, John H. Biel, Thomas F. Mitchell Jr., Wallace K. Hoya, and Helen A. LeiserCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1963, 6, 6, 805–807Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00342a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00342a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Delay-and-multiply timing recovery circuit for lightwave transmission systems using NRZ format (1985)

A prerequisite for the future widespread application of high-speed lightwave technology in the exchange and local distributions is the availability of low-cost yet high-performance transmission equipment. The timing extraction and decision circuits used in present long-haul and exchange transmission systems constitute a sizable portion of the regenerator electronics that has to be simplified tor more general applications. We report in this paper a delay-and-multiply timing recovery circuit which offers a simpler alternative to the differentiate-and-ecutlyapproach1 commonly used in conventional regenerator design.
IL-10 Attenuates Excessive Inflammation in Chronic <i>Pseudomonas</i> Infection in Mice (1999)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response associated with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa endobronchial infection. Compared with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy subjects, lavage fluid from patients with CF contains elevated proinflammatory cytokines but negligible amounts of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). We sought to determine whether IL-10 deficiency results in increased local and systemic morbidity in mice with chronic endobronchial infection with P. aeruginosa embedded in agar beads and to determine if exogenous IL-10 might reduce these effects. Infected IL-10 knockout mice had more severe weight loss (p = 0.04) and increased area of lung inflammation (28 +/- 4 versus 10 +/- 2%, p < 0.002) but no alterations in bacterial burden compared with wild-type mice. Infected CD-1 mice treated with IL-10 had improved survival (p = 0. 035), less severe weight loss (p < 0.005), fewer bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils (3 x 10(5)/ml versus 5 x 10(6)/ml, p < 0.02), and decreased area of lung inflammation (11 +/- 2 versus 35 +/- 7%, p < 0.01) but no alterations in bacterial burden compared with placebo-treated mice. These data suggest that IL-10 is an important regulator of the inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa endobronchial infection and that further investigation into the use of IL-10 in CF is warranted.
Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Potential for Cardiovascular Repair (2008)

Cellular therapy for cardiovascular disease heralds an exciting frontier of research. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are present in adult tissues, including bone marrow and adipose, from which they can be easily isolated and cultured ex vivo. Although traditional isolation of these cells by plastic adherence results in a heterogeneous composite of mature and immature cell types, MSCs do possess plasticity of differentiation and under appropriate in vitro culture conditions can be modified to adopt cardiomyocyte and vascular cell phenotypic characteristics. In vivo preclinical studies have demonstrated their capacity to facilitate both myocardial repair and neovascularization in models of cardiac injury. The mechanisms underlying these effects appear to be mediated predominantly through indirect paracrine actions, rather than direct regeneration of endogenous cells by transdifferentiation, especially because current transplantation strategies achieve only modest engraftment of cells in the host myocardium. Currently, published clinical trial experience of MSCs as cardiac therapy is limited, and the outcomes of ongoing studies are keenly anticipated. Of relevance to clinical application is the fact that MSCs are relatively immunoprivileged, potentially enabling their allogeneic therapeutic use, although this too requires further investigation. Overall, MSCs are an attractive adult-derived cell population for cardiovascular repair; however, research is still required at both basic and clinical levels to resolve critical areas of uncertainty and to ensure continued development in cell culture engineering and cell transplantation technology.
Reduction of grating lobes in sequentially rotated microstrip patch arrays (1993)

Sequentially rotated microstrip patch arrays are known to have severe grating lobe problems that limit the array bandwidth and the usefulness of linearly polarised elements. It is shown that grating lobe reduction can be achieved by applying rotation across larger than conventional, arrays. Examples are given that give up to 10 dB lobe reduction. >
<i>MAF</i> Amplification and Adjuvant Clodronate Outcomes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer in NSABP B-34 and Potential Impact on Clinical Practice (2021)

Nonamplified <i>MAF</i> showed statistically significant benefits (DFS and OS) with oral clodronate, supporting validation of the AZURE study.
Glycol Methacrylate Embedding for Light Microscopy: Basic Principles and Trouble-Shooting (1996)

Acrylic resin mixtures are now widely used as embedding media for the preparation of tissue sections. Most of these mixtures are based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (glycol methacrylate, GMA). Resin embedding preserves tissue components far better than paraffin, celloidin or frozen sections. The present review describes the basic principles and trouble shooting, in particular: the chemical and physical properties of GMA, and components used for GMA mixtures; fixation of tissues for resin embedding; methods for dehydration; microtomy; stretching on water and mounting in relation to the final dimensions of GMA sections; staining of GMA 3embedded tissue sections; and the use of GMA resins in immunohistochemistry. In addition, standard, step by step procedures for embedding tissues in GMA is included.
Effect of Trisodium Citrate Concentration and Cooking Time on the Physicochemical Properties of Pasteurized Process Cheese (2006)

The effects of the concentration of trisodium citrate (TSC) emulsifying salt (0.25 to 2.75%) and holding time (0 to 20 min) on the textural, rheological, and microstructural properties of pasteurized process Cheddar cheese were studied using a central composite rotatable design. The loss tangent parameter (from small amplitude oscillatory rheology), extent of flow (derived from the University of Wisconsin Meltprofiler), and melt area (from the Schreiber test) all indicated that the meltability of process cheese decreased with increased concentration of TSC and that holding time led to a slight reduction in meltability. Hardness increased as the concentration of TSC increased. Fluorescence micrographs indicated that the size of fat droplets decreased with an increase in the concentration of TSC and with longer holding times. Acid-base titration curves indicated that the buffering peak at pH 4.8, which is due to residual colloidal calcium phosphate, decreased as the concentration of TSC increased. The soluble phosphate content increased as concentration of TSC increased. However, the insoluble Ca decreased with increasing concentration of TSC. The results of this study suggest that TSC chelated Ca from colloidal calcium phosphate and dispersed casein; the citrate-Ca complex remained trapped within the process cheese matrix. Increasing the concentration of TSC helped to improve fat emulsification and casein dispersion during cooking, both of which probably helped to reinforce the structure of process cheese.
Propagation of electronic longitudinal modes in a non-Maxwellian plasma (1972)

The experimental modifications of the classical Landau mode (modification of the first pole, and occurrence of a new propagating mode below the plasma frequency) are due to a peculiar distribution function. This distribution function is approximated by a simple model (i.e. a Maxwellian function plus a water-bag function). A numerical calculation with this model gives new dispersion curves, which agree with experiment.
Five Decades with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Chemical Synthesis, Enzymatic Formation, Lipid Peroxidation and Its Biological Effects (2013)

I have been involved in research on polyunsaturated fatty acids since 1964 and this review is intended to cover some of the most important aspects of this work. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have followed me during my whole scientific career and I have published a number of studies concerned with different aspects of them such as chemical synthesis, enzymatic formation, metabolism, transport, physical, chemical, and catalytic properties of a reconstructed desaturase system in liposomes, lipid peroxidation, and their effects. The first project I became involved in was the organic synthesis of [1- 14 C] eicosa-11,14-dienoic acid, with the aim of demonstrating the participation of that compound as a possible intermediary in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid “in vivo.” From 1966 to 1982, I was involved in several projects that study the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the eighties, we studied fatty acid binding protein. From 1990 up to now, our laboratory has been interested in the lipid peroxidation of biological membranes from various tissues and different species as well as liposomes prepared with phospholipids rich in PUFAs. We tested the effect of many antioxidants such as alpha tocopherol, vitamin A, melatonin and its structural analogues, and conjugated linoleic acid, among others.
A double-blind, randomized trial of 0.5% podofilox and placebo for the treatment of genital warts in women. (1991)

Patient-applied formulations of 0.5% podofilox (podophyllotoxin) were evaluated for the treatment of external genital warts in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Seventy-two women were enrolled and, using a randomized, computer-generated list, assigned to receive either active drug or placebo in a 2:1 ratio. Patients were instructed to apply the medication to their external warts twice each day for 3 consecutive days, followed by 4 days without treatment. This cycle was repeated at weekly intervals for a maximum of 4 weeks (and a minimum of 2 weeks). Patients were evaluated weekly for the first month and then at weeks 6 and 10. The number of warts present was recorded and the overall improvement was assessed. The treated area was examined, the patients were questioned about any adverse effects, and standard hematologic/biochemical studies were conducted. The final results showed that podofilox cleared 74% of the total wart count, compared with an 18% regression in the placebo group (P less than .001). The investigators' assessments of improvement correctly distinguished active drug from placebo at every observation point. Local untoward effects were minor and transient. There was no evidence of systemic effects. It is concluded that patient-applied podofilox is a safe and effective therapy for genital condylomata in women. When available, this drug will simplify the treatment of genital warts by providing a patient-applied alternative therapy.
Regulation of Auxin Levels in <i>Coleus blumei</i> by Ethylene (1971)

An investigation of the effects of ethylene pretreatment on several facets of auxin metabolism in Coleus blumei Benth "Scarlet Rainbow" revealed a number of changes presumably induced by the gas. Transport of indoleacetic acid-1-(14)C in excised segments of the uppermost internode was inhibited by about 50%. Decarboxylation of indoleacetic acid-1-(14)C by enzyme breis was not affected by the pretreatment. Levels of extractable native auxin in upper leaf and apical bud tissue of the pretreated plants were approximately one-half of those present in untreated plants. The rate of formation of auxin from tryptophan by enzyme breis from pretreated plants was approximately one-half that occurring in incubation mixtures containing the enzyme system from untreated plants. The conjugation of indoleacetic acid-1-(14)C in a form characterized chromatographically as indoleacetylaspartic acid was increased 2-fold in the upper stem region of plants pretreated with ethylene.
Growth mechanism of metal-oxide nanowires synthesized by electron beam evaporation: A self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid process (2014)

We report the growth mechanism of metal oxide nanostructures synthesized by electron beam evaporation. The condensed electron beam can easily decompose metal oxide sources that have a high melting point, thereby creating a self-catalytic metal nanodot for the vapor-liquid-solid process. The metal oxide nanostructures can be grown at a temperature just above the melting point of the self-catalyst by dissolving oxygen. The morphology of nanostructures, such as density and uniformity, strongly depends on the surface energy and surface migration energy of the substrate. The density of the self-catalytic metal nanodots increased with decreasing surface energies of the substrate due to the perfect wetting phenomenon of the catalytic materials on the high surface energy substrate. However, the surfaces with extremely low surface energy had difficulty producing the high density of self-catalyst nanodot, due to positive line tension, which increases the contact angle to >180°. Moreover, substrates with low surface migration energy, such as single layer graphene, make nanodots agglomerate to produce a less-uniform distribution compared to those produced on multi-layer graphene with high surface migration energy.
No Future in This Country: The Prophetic Pessimism of Bishop Henry McNeal Turner (2021)

Henry McNeal Turner was one of the leading figures in African American resistance to racism during the Civil War, Reconstruction, and post-Reconstruction eras. Yet most people, scholars and nonscho...
Transforming Byzantine Faults using a Trusted Execution Environment (2019)

We present a general transformation of general omission resilient distributed algorithms into byzantine fault ones. The transformation uses the guarantees of integrity and confidentiality provided by a trusted execution environment to implement a byzantine failure detector. Correct processes in a transformed algorithm will operate as if byzantine faulty processes have crashed or their messages were dropped. The transformation adds no additional messages between processes, except for a pre-compute step, and the increase in states of the algorithm is linearly bounded: it is a 1-round, n=f+1 translation, making no assumptions of determinism.
Functionalization of Benzylic C(sp<sup>3</sup>)H Bonds of Heteroaryl Aldehydes through N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis (2013)

Aryl aldehyde activation: Oxidative activation of 2-methylindole-3-carboxaldehyde (I) through N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis generates heterocyclic ortho-quinodimethane (II) as a key intermediate. This intermediate then undergoes formal [4+2] cycloaddition with trifluoromethyl ketones or isatins to form polycyclic lactones containing a quaternary carbon center.
Impact of mesenchymal stem cells’ secretome on glioblastoma pathophysiology (2017)

These findings provide novel insights to better understand the interplay between GBM cells and MSCs, raising awareness to potential safety issues regarding the use of MSCs as stem-cell based therapies for GBM.
Current Trends in Remote Laboratories (2009)

Remote laboratories have been introduced during the last few decades into engineering education processes as well as integrated within e-learning frameworks offered to engineering and science students. Remote laboratories are also being used to support life-long learning and student's autonomous learning activities. In this paper, after a brief overview of state-of-the-art technologies in the development of remote laboratories and presentation of recent and interesting examples of remote laboratories in several areas related with industrial electronics education, some current trends and challenges are also identified and discussed.
N-(piperazinoacyl) and N-(piperazinoalkyl) derivatives of 4-cyclopentylaniline and related compounds: Synthesis and pharmacological screening (1986)

Five N-(4-cyclopentylphenyl)haloalkanecarboxamides were reacted with 1-methylpiperazine and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine to give the corresponding N-(4-cyclopentylphenyl)piperazinoalkanecarboxamides Iab -Vab . Their reduction with lithium aluminium hydride afforded the triamines VIIab - XIab . Acylation of the N-(4-methylpiperazino)alkyl-4-cyclopentylanilines Xa and XIa with propionyl chloride resulted in the propionanilides XIVa and XVa , whereas a similar reaction of the N-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazino)alkyl-4-cyclopentylanilines VIIb and IXb - XIb produced the propionoxypropionanilides XIIc - XVc . Ethanolysis of these compounds afforded corresponding hydroxypropionanilides XIIb - XVb . Many of the basic amides showed local anaesthetic and papaverine-like antispasmodic activity. The propionanilides XIIb, XIVc , and XVa proved interesting analgesic effects in the peritoneal test in mice.