gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acetylation pharmacogenetics. The slow acetylator phenotype is caused by decreased or absent arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human liver. (1990)

The biochemical basis underlying the genetic polymorphism of drug N-acetylation was investigated using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays for arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and content in human liver. The acetylator phenotype of 26 surgical patients was determined using caffeine as an innocuous probe drug by measurement of the 5-acetyl-amino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil to 1-methylxanthine molar ratio in urine. Liver wedge biopsies from these patients and livers from 24 organ donors were then used for measurement of N-acetyltransferase activity with the substrate sulfamethazine and for quantitation of immunoreactive N-acetyl-transferase protein. In vivo (caffeine metabolites in urine) and in vitro (sulfamethazine acetylation) measures of N-acetyl-transferase activity correlated very highly (r = 0.98). Moreover, in all subjects tested, slow acetylation both in vivo and in vitro was associated with a decrease in the quantity of immunodetectable N-acetyltransferase protein in liver cytosol relative to that seen in cytosols from rapid acetylator livers. Two kinetically distinct enzyme activities, designated NAT-1 and NAT-2, were partially purified from low- and high-activity livers and their relationship to acetylator status was determined. Low acetylation capacity was related to decreases in the liver content of both of these immunologically related proteins. The results demonstrate that genetically defective arylamine N-acetylation is due to a parallel decrease in the quantity of two structurally and functionally similar acetylating enzymes.
PCR amplification of tandemly repeated DNA: analysis of intra- and interchromosomal sequence variation and homologous unequal crossing-over in human alpha satellite DNA (1992)

Tandemly repeated DNA can comprise several percent of total genomic DNA in complex organisms and, in some instances, may play a role in chromosome structure or function. Alpha satellite DNA is the major family of tandemly repeated DNA found at the centromeres of all human and primate chromosomes. Each centromere is characterized by a large contiguous array of up to several thousand kb which can contain several thousand highly homogeneous repeat units. By using a novel application of the polymerase chain reaction (repPCR), we are able to amplify a representative sampling of multiple repetitive units simultaneously, allowing rapid analysis of chromosomal subsets. Direct sequence analysis of repPCR amplified alpha satellite from chromosomes 17 and X reveals positions of sequence heterogeneity as two bands at a single nucleotide position on a sequencing ladder. The use of TdT in the sequencing reactions greatly reduces the background associated with polymerase pauses and stops, allowing visualization of heterogeneous bases found in as little as 10% of the repeat units. Confirmation of these heterogeneous positions was obtained by comparison to the sequence of multiple individual cloned copies obtained both by PCR and non-PCR based methods. PCR amplification of alpha satellite can also reveal multiple repeat units which differ in size. Analysis of repPCR products from chromosome 17 and X allows rapid determination of the molecular basis of these repeat unit length variants, which appear to be a result of unequal crossing-over. The application of repPCR to the study of tandemly repeated DNA should allow in-depth analysis of intra- and interchromosomal variation and unequal crossing-over, thus providing insight into the biology and genetics of these large families of DNA.
GM2-gangliosidosis B1 variant: analysis of beta-hexosaminidase alpha gene abnormalities in seven patients. (2020)

A single nucleotide transition within exon 5 of the beta-hexosaminidase alpha chain gene was identified in a Puerto Rican patient with GM2-gangliosidosis B1 variant as the mutation responsible for the unusual enzymological characteristics of this variant (G533----A; Arg178----His) (the DN-allele). A total of seven patients with enzymological characteristics of B1 variant have since been studied. They were Puerto Rican (DN), Italian, French, Spanish, two patients of mixed ethnic origin (English/Italian/Hungarian and English/French/Azores), and a Czechoslovakian. In confirmation of our earlier finding based on screening with allele-specific probes, all patients except the one from Czechoslovakia carried the same DN-allele. A new point mutation found in this patient changed the same codon affected in the DN-allele (C532----T; Arg178----Cys). An asymptomatic Japanese individual included as a control also carried one allele with the DN-mutation. Site-directed mutagenesis and expression studies in COS I cells demonstrated that either of the two point mutations abolishes the catalytic activity of the alpha subunit. The Spanish patient was homozygous for the DN-allele, but others were all compound heterozygotes. The Puerto Rican patient was a compound heterozygote with the DN-mutation in one allele and with the four-base insertion in exon 11, one of the two mutations found in the classical Ashkenazi Jewish Tay-Sachs disease, in the other allele. Abnormalities of the other allele were not identified in all other compound heterozygous patients. In these patients, the level of mRNA derived from the other allele was variable, ranging from being undetectable to being much lower than normal. This series of studies uncovered a new B1 variant mutation, confirmed our preliminary finding that the DN-allele has a surprisingly wide geographic and ethnic distribution, and pointed out the highly complex nature of the molecular genetics of this rare disorder. They also support our working hypothesis that mutations responsible for the unique enzymological characteristics of the B1 variant should be located in or near exon 5 of the gene and that this region of the enzyme protein is critical for its catalytic function.
Protective coatings with a mixed composition for low-pressure discharge amalgam lamps (2015)

The decrease of the ultraviolet radiation of high-power low-pressure discharge amalgam lamps with a protective coating with a mixed composition based on spinels and oxides has been experimentally studied. It has been shown that these coatings exhibit fairly high protective properties at low pressures of the buffer gas mixture and provide useful lifetime of the lamps comparable to that of the best oxide coatings.
Colloidal CdSe/CdS Dot-in-Plate Nanocrystals with 2D-Polarized Emission (2012)

We report the synthesis and properties of a novel class of nanocrystals with mixed dimensionality: a dot-in-plate core/shell nanostructure. This system was synthesized by growing a flat, disk-shaped, CdS shell on spherical CdSe cores. The anisotropic pressure induced by the shell drastically splits the first exciton fine structure in two: the "heavy hole" and "light hole" states become separated by up to 65 meV. As a result, these nanocrystals exhibit an emission strongly polarized in two dimensions, in the plane perpendicular to the wurtzite crystal c axis. We use polarization measurements on single nanocrystals and ensemble anisotropy studies to confirm the nature and position of the excitonic energy levels. These nanocrystals orient spontaneously when evaporated on a substrate, enabling a precise control of the orientation of their emission dipole.
Study of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">−</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">−</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi></mml:math>and Observation of a Charged Charmoniumlike State at Belle (2013)

The cross section for ee+ e- → π+ π- J/ψ between 3.8 and 5.5 GeV is measured with a 967 fb(-1) data sample collected by the Belle detector at or near the Υ(nS) (n = 1,2,…,5) resonances. The Y(4260) state is observed, and its resonance parameters are determined. In addition, an excess of π+ π- J/ψ production around 4 GeV is observed. This feature can be described by a Breit-Wigner parametrization with properties that are consistent with the Y(4008) state that was previously reported by Belle. In a study of Y(4260) → π+ π- J/ψ decays, a structure is observed in the M(π(±)J/ψ) mass spectrum with 5.2σ significance, with mass M = (3894.5 ± 6.6 ± 4.5) MeV/c2 and width Γ = (63 ± 24 ± 26) MeV/c2, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. This structure can be interpreted as a new charged charmoniumlike state.
Freeze-drying of mononuclear cells and whole blood of human cord blood. (2004)

The research on haematopoietic stem cells of human cord blood has become more important recently. People have concentrated on the preservation of cord blood stem cells. At present, cord blood can be preserved at ultra-low temperatures. In this study, we try to preserve cord blood and its constituents by freeze-drying. The experiments on both the mononuclear cell content and the whole blood of human cord blood were carried out respectively. The samples were frozen firstly by different cooling protocols in the presence of PVP, sucrose, and mannitol. Afterwards, they were vacuum-dried at a selected shelf temperature of -30 degree C for the main drying stage, and then vacuum-dried at 15 degree C for the second drying stage. The entire time of the freeze drying was 52 hours. Samples were stored at room temperature for 2 days prior to evaluation. Subsequently, the dried samples were suspended in an isotonic phosphate-buffered saline solution. The recovery of the cells were tested by a haemacytometer, and the highest cell numerical count recovery of MNC was 75.0 percent (SD = 4.1 percent) (P = 0.01), obtained in the protocol of 40 percent PVP + 20 percent sucrose + 10 percent Mannitol. The viability of the nucleated cells measured by PI staining and the ratio of the number of CD34+ to the number of lymphocytes (by the FITC anti-human CD34+ conjugated antibody method) were measured using a flow cytometer (FCM). The protocol of 40 percent PVP + 20 percent sucrose + 10 percent fetal bovine serum had the highest viability of 98.6 percent (SD = 0.7 percent) (P = 0.01). The highest ratio of CD34+ to lymphocytes was 1.2%, and the highest recovery of CD34+ was 68.4 percent (SD = 39.5 percent) (P = 0.05). Comparing the results of the lyophilized MNC subfraction with that of the whole blood, the lyophilization of the isolated MNC was more successful than that of whole blood.
Molecular strategies to prevent, inhibit, and degrade advanced glycoxidation and advanced lipoxidation end products (2013)

The advanced glycoxidation end products (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs) contribute to the development of diabetic complications and of other pathologies. The review discusses the possibilities of counteracting the formation and stimulating the degradation of these species by pharmaceuticals and natural compounds. The review discusses inhibitors of ALE and AGE formation, cross-link breakers, ALE/AGE elimination by enzymes and proteolytic systems, receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and blockade of the ligand-RAGE axis.
Passive sonar recognition and analysis using hybrid neural networks (2003)

The detection, classification, and recognition of underwater acoustic features have always been of the highest importance for scientific, fisheries, and defense interests. Recent efforts in improved passive sonar techniques have only emphasized this interest. In this paper, the authors describe the use of novel, hybrid neural approaches using both unsupervised and supervised network topologies. Results are presented which demonstrate the ability of the network to classify biological, man made, and geological sources. Also included are capabilities of the networks to attack the more difficult problems of identifying the complex vocalizations of several fish and marine mammalian species. Basic structure, processor requirements, training and operational methodologies are described as well as application to autonomous observation and vehicle platforms.
Prototype personal navigation system (2008)

Honeywell Laboratories recently funded the development of a prototype personal navigation system based on MEMS technologies. The system components include a MEMS inertial measurement unit, a three-axis magnetometer, a barometric pressure sensor, and a SAASM GPS receiver. The system also uses Honeywell's human motion-based pedometry algorithm. The navigation process is based on a strap-down inertial navigator aided by feedback from a Kalman filter using typical measurements from the GPS, magnetometer and barometer when available. A key innovation is the addition of an independent measurement of distance traveled based on the use of a human motion algorithm. The navigation system combines the best features of dead reckoning and inertial navigation, resulting in positioning performance exceeding that achieved with either method alone. Subsequent to the Honeywell effort, DARPA funded an individual Personal Inertial Navigation System (iPINS) seedling program. Honeywell worked to improve the baseline personal navigation system with the objective of demonstrating the feasibility of reliably achieving navigation accuracy < 1 % of distance traveled in GPS-denied scenarios. In addition, an analysis was conducted to determine the benefit of incorporating terrain correlation into the personal navigation system. The results of this analysis indicate that overall navigation accuracy can be significantly improved through the application of terrain correlation. This presents an are presented. In addition, conclusions from the terrain correlation analysis conducted under the iPINS seedling program are included.
Studies on the activation of the oestrogen receptor bound to the anti-oestrogens 4-hydroxytamoxifen and ICI 164,384 by using three monoclonal antibodies (1991)

Three monoclonal antibodies, H222, H226 and D547, which provided evidence of the structural transformation and change in exposure of the functional domains of the oestrogen receptor from fetal guinea-pig uterus upon activation, were used to study the receptor bound to the anti-oestrogens 4-hydroxytamoxifen and ICI 164,384. No differences in the structure of non-activated 4-hydroxytamoxifen- and ICI 164,384-receptor complexes, as compared with the oestradiol-receptor complex, were detected by the three monoclonal antibodies. When heated at 28 degrees C, both anti-oestrogen-receptor complexes became capable of binding the D547 antibody, which reacts selectively with the activated receptor; however, this binding was lower than that of the oestradiol-receptor complex. The interaction with the H226 antibody showed that anti-oestrogens can induce receptor dimerization, but to a lesser extent than oestradiol. In addition, both anti-oestrogen-receptor complexes can bind to DNA-cellulose and are retained in nuclei from intact cells at 28 degrees C, but less efficiently than the oestradiol-receptor complex. On the other hand, the nuclear receptor seems to have a similar dimeric structure when bound to either anti-oestrogens or oestradiol, as detected by the three monoclonal antibodies. The data suggest that 4-hydroxytamoxifen and ICI 164,384 induce and impaired activation of the oestrogen receptor; this difference, although quantitative rather than qualitative, might be related to the partial agonistic action of these anti-oestrogens in the fetal guinea-pig uterus.
PTPL1/FAP-1 Negatively Regulates TRIP6 Function in Lysophosphatidic Acid-induced Cell Migration (2007)

The LIM domain-containing TRIP6 (Thyroid Hormone Receptor-interacting Protein 6) is a focal adhesion molecule known to regulate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced cell migration through interaction with the LPA2 receptor. LPA stimulation targets TRIP6 to the focal adhesion complexes and promotes c-Src-dependent phosphorylation of TRIP6 at Tyr-55, which creates a docking site for the Crk Src homology 2 domain, thereby promoting LPA-induced morphological changes and cell migration. Here we further demonstrate that a switch from c-Src-mediated phosphorylation to PTPL1/Fas-associated phosphatase-1-dependent dephosphorylation serves as an inhibitory feedback control mechanism of TRIP6 function in LPA-induced cell migration. PTPL1 dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine 55 of TRIP6 in vitro and inhibits LPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of TRIP6 in cells. This negative regulation requires a direct protein-protein interaction between these two molecules and the phosphatase activity of PTPL1. In contrast to c-Src, PTPL1 prevents TRIP6 turnover at the sites of adhesions. As a result, LPA-induced association of TRIP6 with Crk and the function of TRIP6 to promote LPA-induced morphological changes and cell migration are inhibited by PTPL1. Together, these results reveal a novel mechanism by which PTPL1 phosphatase plays a counteracting role in regulating TRIP6 function in LPA-induced cell migration.
PD‐L2 expression extends beyond dendritic cells/macrophages to B1 cells enriched for V<sub>H</sub>11/V<sub>H</sub>12 and phosphatidylcholine binding (2007)

B1 B cells are the major source of natural antibody that is essential for innate immunity. The B1 repertoire is skewed toward production of phosphatidylcholine (PtC)-binding V(H)11 and V(H)12 immunoglobulin that plays a key role in immune defense against bacterial infection. Programmed death-ligand 2 (PD-L2) is a ligand for the immunosuppressive receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1). It has been reported that expression of PD-L2 is restricted to dendritic cells and macrophages in mice. Here we show that 50-70% of resting peritoneal B1 cells express PD-L2, which is not present or inducible on conventional B2 B cells or PD-L2(-) B1 cells. Although PD-L2(+) and PD-L2(-) B1 cells are similar in proliferative responses and spontaneous immunoglobulin secretion, PD-L2(+) B1 cells are highly enriched for expression of V(H)11 and V(H)12 genes and encompass the bulk of PtC-binding B1 cells. These findings extend the range of known PD-L2 expression to B cells and show that B1 cells identified by this marker express a specific repertoire associated with anti-bacterial immunity.
Synthesis and Analysis of Elliptic Polarization Loci in Terms of Space-Quadrature Sinusoidal Components (1951)

The general case of elliptic polarization produced by three mutually perpendicular sinusoidal electromagnetic field components at a point in space is treated. The elliptic locus is specified in terms of the sinusoidal components and conversely the components are specified when the locus is known. The simpler two-component case is solved first.
Detector based on optical activity for high performance liquid chromatographic detection of trace organics (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetector based on optical activity for high performance liquid chromatographic detection of trace organicsEdward S. Yeung, Larry E. Steenhoek, Steven D. Woodruff, and J. C. KuoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 9, 1399–1402Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50059a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50059a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hydrogen ion dynamics and cancer: An appraisal (1982)

The concentration of hydrogen ions plays a critical role in all biochemical processes, including multiple enzymatic reactions, and in the regulation of metabolism. The acid-base aspects of metabolism as applied to cancer are considered. Preliminary data are presented. The primary concept of hydrogen ion dynamics is related to prevention, development, and etiology of carcinogenicity, as well as to the regression of certain malignant malignant tumors. The present overview summarizes, in terms of H+ dynamics, many related concepts in oncologic research and associates and integrates a variety of basic and clinical observations toward better understanding of cancer cell behavior, biology, and host-tumor relationships.
Structure of the transforming region of human cytomegalovirus AD169 (1984)

The minimum size fragment of human cytomegalovirus AD169 required to initiate transformation was determined by transfection of primary rat embryo cells with deletion fragments constructed by digestion of a cloned fragment containing the transforming region (pCM4000) with exonuclease III and S1 nuclease. The results indicate that the left-hand boundary of the minimum size sequence for transformation must reside between 490 and 318 bases from the HindIII site of pCM4000. The right-hand boundary was defined by the EcoRI site which is 20 bases from the HindIII site. The nucleotide sequence of the transforming fragment of human cytomegalovirus was determined by the chemical degradation technique of Maxam and Gilbert and with the dideoxynucleoside triphosphate chain termination method. The sequence of pCM4000 comprises 2,848 base pairs and has an A X T composition of 59.5%. Reading frame analysis of the sequence indicated the longest open reading frame was 118 amino acids in length. Northern blot analysis of polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated RNA extracted from cells at immediate early and late times after infection with human cytomegalovirus indicate that one 5.0-kilobase RNA species hybridized to pCM4000 (Jahn et al., J. Virol, in press). The direction of transcription was determined by hybridization of this transcript with M13 single-stranded probes, and S1 analysis of this RNA did not detect introns.
Qualitative Spectral OCT/SLO Analysis of Drusen Change in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Treated with Copaxone (2011)

Convex shape and low/medium internal reflectivity were found to be favorable parameters in prediction of drusen reduction in the Copaxone-treated patients. This study represents a preliminary attempt to identify SD-OCT features of drusen that may predict susceptibility to Copaxone treatment and therefore help clinicians decide which patients to treat.