gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Observations on a growth factor for <i>Leuconostoc citrovorum</i> (1950)

The relative amount of the phospholipin in the two cell types was similar, but the distribution ofthe individual phospholipins was different. The red cells contained more kephalin and the polymorphonuclear leucocytes contained more sphingomyelin.
Zika and the Risk of Microcephaly (2016)

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2016;375:1–4) During an outbreak in 2013–2014, the rate of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the Polynesian population was estimated at a rate of 66%, and it was estimated that it posed a risk of microcephaly in the first trimester of pregnancy of 0.95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34%–1.91%). In order to estimate the risk of microcephaly in the recent Brazilian outbreak, where Zika infection rates are not known, a range of 10% to 80% of ZIKV infection rates were estimated in Bahia.
Human cervical ripening, an inflammatory process mediated by cytokines (2000)

An extensive remodelling process, referred to as cervical ripening, takes place in the cervical tissue during pregnancy and labour. It is recognized as softening and dilation of the cervical canal, and starts as a slow process during pregnancy, becoming rapid close to partum. In this study we focus on cytokines as possible mediators of this final remodelling. mRNA levels for interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were upregulated in the ripe postpartum cervical tissue (n = 8) compared to the unripe state (n = 9). Likewise, released cytokine concentrations increased from non-pregnant (n = 11) to the term-pregnant group (n = 13) with a further increase at partum (n = 16). IL-8 concentrations increased 4-fold from non-pregnant to term-pregnant (P<0.01), and a further 10-fold to postpartum state (P<0.0001). Concentrations of IL-6 and G-CSF were similarly increased. Specific IL-8 immunostaining was identified in the epithelia of pregnant cervical tissue (n = 7) and was most pronounced in the epithelia and stroma of postpartum tissue (n = 4). In conclusion, IL-8, IL-6 and G-CSF increase in the human cervix during the ripening process, indicating their important role in the cervical remodelling. These data demonstrate that cervical ripening is similar to an inflammatory process.
Impaired Collateral Vessel Development Associated With Reduced Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in ApoE <sup>−/−</sup> Mice (1999)

These findings thus underscore the extent to which hyperlipidemia adversely affects native collateral development but does not preclude augmented collateral vessel growth in response to exogenous cytokines. Moreover, results obtained in the apoE-/- and athymic nude mice imply a critical role for infiltrating T cells as a source of VEGF in neovascularization of ischemic tissues.
Heat flux cloaking, focusing, and reversal in ultra-thin composites considering conduction-convection effects (2013)

Experimental results are presented for heat flux cloaking, focusing, and reversal in ultra-thin anisotropic composites. A two-material system is utilized in the device design, which features an annular region for heat flow control. The effective thermal conductivity layout of the composite is specified through logical combination of the base material constituents. Heat transfer considering conduction-convection is numerically predicted and experimentally verified via infrared thermography. A Biot number analysis reveals the significance of high rates of convection for large-area planar devices, while the experimental results indicate the feasibility of such heat flow control techniques for advanced electronics applications involving natural convection.
Optically referenced broadband electronic synthesizer with 15 digits of resolution (2016)

Abstract Fundamental science, as well as all communications and navigation systems, are heavily reliant on the phase, timing, and synchronization provided by low‐noise and agile frequency sources. Although research into varied photonic and electronic schemes have strived to improve upon the spectral purity of microwave and millimeter‐wave signals, the reliance on conventional electronic synthesis for tuning has resulted in limited progress in broadband sources. Using a digital‐photonic synthesizer architecture that derives its time‐base from a high‐stability optical reference cavity, we generate frequency‐agile and wideband microwave signals with exceptional dynamic range and with a fractional frequency instability of 1 × 10 −15 at 1 s. The presented architecture demonstrates digitally controlled, user defined and broadband frequency tuning from RF to 100 GHz with orders‐of‐magnitude improvement in noise performance over room‐temperature electronic wide‐bandwidth synthesis schemes. image
Generic, Metal-Free Cross-Linking and Modification of Silicone Elastomers Using Click Ligation (2012)

Silicone elastomers are widely used in a variety of biomaterials applications. Their high hydrophobicity can, in some cases, compromise their utility. There exist few convenient, efficient and metal-free processes to introduce hydrophilic groups onto the elastomer surface. We describe the utilization of the metal-free click reaction between azido- and alkynyl-modified silicones to both cross-link and functionalize silicone elastomers. Initial cross-linking at, optionally, reduced or elevated temperatures depending on the alkyne used, results in elastomers whose moduli and tackiness can be controlled by manipulation of cross-link density through use of different chain length constituents: the systematic capping of azides on the azide-rich partner provides a level of control of both cross-linking and residual functionality after cross-linking. The residual azides or alkynes resulting from nonstoichiometric mixing of the starting materials can be used for sequential functionalization of the elastomer as shown through the improved wettability that results from the grafting of alkyne-functional PEG to azide-rich silicone elastomers: contact angles decrease from ∼105° for the pure silicone elastomers to 85° for the azide-rich silicone elastomer, and to as low as 41° for the PEG-modified product. It is possible to modify the entire elastomer body or only the surface by judicious choice of the solvent used for the hydrophilic modification.
Novel optical oxygen sensing material: platinum porphyrin–styrene–pentafluorostyrene copolymer film (1999)

A new fluoropolymer, poly(styrene-co-pentafluorostyrene) [copoly(styrene/PFS)], is synthesized and applied to the matrix of optical oxygen sensing using phosphorescence quenching of platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) by oxygen. The phosphorescence intensity of PtOEP–poly(styrene-co-PFS) film decreased with increase of oxygen concentration. The ratio I0/I100 is used to describe the sensitivity of the sensing film, where I0 and I100 represent the detected phosphorescence intensities from a film exposed to 100% argon and 100% oxygen, respectively. The I0/I100 of PtOEP–poly(styrene-co-PFS) film is estimated to be 18.0 and a large Stern–Volmer constant is obtained compared with PtOEP–polystyrene film (I0/I100=4.5). The response times of PtOEP–poly(styrene-co-PFS) film are 5.66 s on going from argon to oxygen and 30.0 s from oxygen to argon. This result indicates that PtOEP–copoly(styrene/PFS) film is a highly sensitive device for oxygen.
Cell surface glycan engineering of neural stem cells augments neurotropism and improves recovery in a murine model of multiple sclerosis (2015)

Neural stem cell (NSC)-based therapies offer potential for neural repair in central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Typically, these conditions present with multifocal CNS lesions making it impractical to inject NSCs locally, thus mandating optimization of vascular delivery of the cells to involved sites. Here, we analyzed NSCs for expression of molecular effectors of cell migration and found that these cells are natively devoid of E-selectin ligands. Using glycosyltransferase-programmed stereosubstitution (GPS), we glycan engineered the cell surface of NSCs ("GPS-NSCs") with resultant enforced expression of the potent E-selectin ligand HCELL (hematopoietic cell E-/L-selectin ligand) and of an E-selectin-binding glycoform of neural cell adhesion molecule ("NCAM-E"). Following intravenous (i.v.) injection, short-term homing studies demonstrated that, compared with buffer-treated (control) NSCs, GPS-NSCs showed greater neurotropism. Administration of GPS-NSC significantly attenuated the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), with markedly decreased inflammation and improved oligodendroglial and axonal integrity, but without evidence of long-term stem cell engraftment. Notably, this effect of NSC is not a universal property of adult stem cells, as administration of GPS-engineered mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells did not improve EAE clinical course. These findings highlight the utility of cell surface glycan engineering to boost stem cell delivery in neuroinflammatory conditions and indicate that, despite the use of a neural tissue-specific progenitor cell population, neural repair in EAE results from endogenous repair and not from direct, NSC-derived cell replacement.
Open-cell polyurethane foam as a sorbent in the extraction of iodine-131 (1981)

Open-cell polyurethane foams have proved to be effective as sorbents for inorganic and organic species and as supporting materials for various hydrophobic organic phases. They posses outstanding sorption, masstransfer and hydrodynamic properties, which enable them to be used at relatively high flow-rates of aqueous solutions during column operation. Iodine-131 can be extracted from samples of water and milk using resilient open-cell polyurethane foams in static and pulsed column beds, when in the form of a cylindrical packing impregnated with a tri-alkylamine containing dissolved inactive iodine. Pulsed column beds, which have some advantages over static column beds, can be conveniently automated. This may lead to the development of a new type of environmental monitoring device for radioactive iodine.
A Single EBV-Based Vector for Stable Episomal Maintenance and Expression of Gfp in Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2009)

Episomal vectors offer a fast and efficient method to create hESC reporter lines, which in turn allows one to test the effect of overexpression of various genes on stem cell growth, proliferation and differentiation.
The Wiley engineer's desk reference: a concise guide for the professional engineer (1999)

Working engineers will reach for this wide-ranging reference guide throughout each working day. Practical problems are emphasized, but references to less familiar sources are also included to supplement the theoretical and derivative data. This volume will be of particular value to engineers working in mechanics materials, hydraulics, electronics, energy sources, and process control.
The determination of 20–100 μmg. quantities of organic nitrogen (1956)

Research Article| July 01 1956 The determination of 20–100 μmg. quantities of organic nitrogen D. Exley D. Exley 1Unit for Research in Cell Metabolism, Medical Research Council, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1956) 63 (3): 496–501. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0630496 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. Exley; The determination of 20–100 μmg. quantities of organic nitrogen. Biochem J 1 July 1956; 63 (3): 496–501. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0630496 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1956 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1956 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-N2-(phenylsulfonyl)-CPI, (.+-.)-CC-1065, (+)-CC-1065, ent-(-)-CC-1065, and the precise, functional agents (.+-.)-CPI-CDPI2, (+)-CPI-CDPI2, and (-)-CPI-CDPI2 [(.+-.)-(3bR*,4aS*)-, (+)-(3bR,4aS)-, and (-)-(3bS,4aR)-deoxy-CC-1065] (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-N2-(phenylsulfonyl)-CPI, (.+-.)-CC-1065, (+)-CC-1065, ent-(-)-CC-1065, and the precise, functional agents (.+-.)-CPI-CDPI2, (+)-CPI-CDPI2, and (-)-CPI-CDPI2 [(.+-.)-(3bR*,4aS*)-, (+)-(3bR,4aS)-, and (-)-(3bS,4aR)-deoxy-CC-1065]Dale L. Boger and Robert S. ColemanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 14, 4796–4807Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00222a043Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1195Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF N,N‐DIMETHYLBENZYLAMINE COMPLEX OF PALLADIUM(II) WITH ISOCYANIDES (1980)

Abstract Die Reaktion des Pd‐Komplexes (I) mit Isocyaniden führt unter Spaltung der Halogenidbrücken zu den Verbindungen (IIa)‐(IIc) ((IId) entsteht durch Metathese), die beim Erhitzen in THF durch intramolekulare Einlagerung von koordiniertem Isocyanid die dimeren Iminoacylkomplexe (III) liefern.
<i>Response</i> : Evidence of Genetic Heterogeneity in the Long QT Syndrome (1993)

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DIFFERENTIAL WEATHERING OF DIAGENETIC CONCRETIONS AND THE FORMATION OF NEOPROTEROZOIC ANNULATED DISCOIDAL STRUCTURES (2021)

ABSTRACT Annulated discoidal structures are common in many Neoproterozoic and particularly Ediacaran successions. Their interpretations, especially their biogenicity, are often contentious. Some of them (e.g., Aspidella and related forms) are demonstrably biological structures and may represent holdfasts of frondose Ediacara-type organisms. Others may represent fluid escape structures or tool marks produced by the rotation of tethered organisms. Here we show that differential chemical weathering of diagenetic dolomite concretions can also produce annulated discoidal structures that could be mistaken as Ediacara-type discoidal fossils. Using transmitted-light and cathodoluminescence microscopy in conjunction with Raman and energy dispersive spectroscopy, we analyzed dolomitized discoidal concretions embedded in a phosphorite matrix from the Ediacaran Miaohe Member of South China. Our observations reveal that pervasive and displacive syn-compactional dolomitization of the concretions and differential compaction of surrounding sediment led to the formation of biconvex or upward-convex primary laminae within the concretions. When exposed along parting surfaces and/or bedding planes, disparities in the weatherability of the warped primary laminae within the concretions resulted in the formation of circular annuli that mimic Neoproterozoic discoidal structures, some of which have been contentiously interpreted as discoidal fossils. These findings emphasize the importance of thin-section petrographic observations in the study of discoidal dubiofossils in order to assess their origin as diagenetic concretions or as discoidal macrofossils.
Crystallization and preliminary X‐ray crystallographic studies of UDP‐<i>N</i>‐acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductase (1994)

The overexpression and purification of the second enzyme in Escherichia coli peptidoglycan biosynthesis, UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductase (MurB), provided sufficient protein to undertake crystallization and X-ray crystallographic studies of the enzyme. MurB crystallizes in 14-20% PEG 8000, 100 mM sodium cacodylate, pH 8.0, and 200 mM calcium acetate in the presence of its substrate UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvate. Crystals of MurB belong to the tetragonal space group P4(1)2(1)2 with a = b = 49.6 A, c = 263.2 A, and alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees at -160 degrees C and diffract to at least 2.5 A. Screening for heavy atom derivatives has yielded a single site that is reactive with both methylmercury nitrate and Thimerosal.
Chemical Analysis Based on X-Ray Absorption Measurements. Solids and Liquids (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Analysis Based on X-Ray Absorption Measurements. Solids and LiquidsH. A. Liebhafsky, H. M. Smith, H. E. Tanis, and E. H. WinslowCite this: Anal. Chem. 1947, 19, 11, 861–865Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60011a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60011a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views38Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Starches, resistant starches, the gut microflora and human health. (2000)

Starches are important as energy sources for humans and also for their interactions with the gut microflora throughout the digestive tact. Largely, those interactions promote human health. In the mouth, less gelatinised starches may lower risk of cariogensis. In the large bowel, starches which have escaped small intestinal digestion (resistant starch), together with proteins, other undigested carbohydrates and endogenous secretions are fermented by the resident microflora. The resulting short chain fatty acids contribute substantially to the normal physiological functions of the viscera. Specific types of resistant starch (e.g. the chemically modified starches used in the food industry) may be used to manipulate the gut bacteria and their products (including short chain fatty acids) so as to optimise health. In the upper gut, these starches may assist in the transport of probiotic organisms thus promoting the immune response and suppressing potential pathogens. However, it appears unlikely that current probiotic organisms can be used to modulate large bowel short chain fatty acids in adults although resistant starch and other prebiotics can do so. Suggestions that starch may exacerbate certain conditions (such as ulcerative colitis) through stimulating the growth of certain pathogenic organisms appear to be unfounded. Short chain fatty acids may modulate tissue levels and effects of growth factors in the gut and so modify gut development and risk of serious disease, including colo-rectal cancer. However, information on the relationship between starches and the microflora is relatively sparse and substantial opportunities exist both for basic research and food product development.
SEMAC: Slice encoding for metal artifact correction in MRI (2009)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) near metallic implants remains an unmet need because of severe artifacts, which mainly stem from large metal-induced field inhomogeneities. This work addresses MRI near metallic implants with an innovative imaging technique called "Slice Encoding for Metal Artifact Correction" (SEMAC). The SEMAC technique corrects metal artifacts via robust encoding of each excited slice against metal-induced field inhomogeneities. The robust slice encoding is achieved by extending a view-angle-tilting (VAT) spin-echo sequence with additional z-phase encoding. Although the VAT compensation gradient suppresses most in-plane distortions, the z-phase encoding fully resolves distorted excitation profiles that cause through-plane distortions. By positioning all spins in a region-of-interest to their actual spatial locations, the through-plane distortions can be corrected by summing up the resolved spins in each voxel. The SEMAC technique does not require additional hardware and can be deployed to the large installed base of whole-body MRI systems. The efficacy of the SEMAC technique in eliminating metal-induced distortions with feasible scan times is validated in phantom and in vivo spine and knee studies.
A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome (2017)

Cereal grasses of the Triticeae tribe have been the major food source in temperate regions since the dawn of agriculture. Their large genomes are characterized by a high content of repetitive elements and large pericentromeric regions that are virtually devoid of meiotic recombination. Here we present a high-quality reference genome assembly for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We use chromosome conformation capture mapping to derive the linear order of sequences across the pericentromeric space and to investigate the spatial organization of chromatin in the nucleus at megabase resolution. The composition of genes and repetitive elements differs between distal and proximal regions. Gene family analyses reveal lineage-specific duplications of genes involved in the transport of nutrients to developing seeds and the mobilization of carbohydrates in grains. We demonstrate the importance of the barley reference sequence for breeding by inspecting the genomic partitioning of sequence variation in modern elite germplasm, highlighting regions vulnerable to genetic erosion.