gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Assessment of the Complexity and Stationarity of the Atrial Wavefront Patterns During Atrial Fibrillation (2010)

A novel automated approach to quantitatively evaluate the degree of spatio-temporal organization in the atrial activity (AA) during atrial fibrillation (AF) from surface recordings, obtained from body surface potential maps (BSPM), is presented. AA organization is assessed by measuring the reflection of the spatial complexity and temporal stationarity of the wavefront patterns propagating inside the atria on the surface ECG, by means of principal component analysis (PCA). Complexity and stationarity are quantified through novel parameters describing the structure of the mixing matrices derived by the PCA of the different AA segments across the BSPM recording. A significant inverse correlation between complexity and stationarity is highlighted by this analysis. The discriminatory power of the parameters in identifying different groups in the set of patients under study is also analyzed. The obtained results present analogies with earlier invasive studies in terms of number of significant components necessary to describe 95% of the variance in the AA (four for more organized AF, and eight for more disorganized AF). These findings suggest that automated analysis of AF organization exploiting spatial diversity in surface recordings is indeed possible, potentially leading to an improvement in clinical decision making and AF treatment.
Analysis of Polyethylene Particles Produced in Different Wear Conditions In Vitro (2002)

The production of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene wear particles is a major factor limiting the life of prosthetic joints. The aim of the current study was to determine whether the morphologic features and size distribution of polyethylene particles produced in wear tests were in agreement with clinical findings. Particles from two hip simulators, a pin-on-disk hip wear device and a knee wear simulator, were studied and compared with particles found from synovial fluid of a prosthetic hip, and with published findings on clinical wear particles. Scanning electron microscopy and digital image analysis were used for characterization and sizing. The average equivalent circle diameter ranged from 0.27 microm to 0.69 microm, which corresponded well with published clinical findings. Common to all wear tests was that the lubricant contained albumin or globulin, and that the relative motion was multidirectional. In the hip wear simulation, the particle size distribution was not sensitive to the type of loading, counterface material, protein content of the lubricant, and whether the polyethylene was irradiated. In the knee wear simulation, the debris on average was larger than in the hip wear simulation. The simulators produced wear particles similar to those seen clinically, which indicates that the current test methods are relevant for assessing wear of prosthetic joints.
Abstract LB-281: The role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer. (2013)

Abstract POU5F1B is the one of the pseudogenes of POU5F1 (also known as Oct3, Oct4) with protein-coding potential. It is localized on chromosome 8q24.21, inside of the 1.2 Mb “gene desert” between the FAM84B and the c-MYC gene, which is closely associated with prostate cancer risk. Recent studies showed that POU5F1B, but not POU5F1, is expressed in prostate tissue and is overexpressed in prostatic carcinoma, compared to normal prostatic tissue surrounding the carcinoma. However, the role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer is still unknown. Through in silico analysis of dataset HG-U95A, we found that POU5F1B expression is increased in prostate tumor and markedly increased in metastatic tumors. Western blot analysis revealed a marked increase in POU5F1B expression in prostate cancer cells when compared to non-tumorigenic RWPE-1 cells. To study the role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer, we cloned POU5F1B from prostate cancer cells, sequenced the amplicons, and found several polymorphism. We made pCDH-myc-POU5F1B constructs and expressed POU5F1B in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3. Overexpression of POU5F1B in LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 cells can increase cell invasion using Boyden chamber assay. Overexpression of POU5F1B in LNCaP cells also promotes colony formation in soft agar. We also found that DU145 cells with POU5F1B overexpression lost cell-cell contact, compared to DU145-pCDH vector cells, and further found that CDH1 expression is downregulated in DU145-POU5F1B cells. Depletion of POU5F1B reduced the tumor forming ability of LNCaP cells in vivo. The data collectively suggest an important role of POU5F1B in prostate tumor formation and progression. Citation Format: Hongmei Jiang, Man-Tzu Wang, Daotai Nie. The role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-281. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-281
Novel Silicon Stripixel Detectors on High Resistivity p-type Magnetic Czochralski Silicon Wafers for USATLAS Upgrade (2005)

A new Si detector system based on a number of novel aspects of detector structure and detector material is proposed here for the US ATLAS Upgrade Project. The novel aspects in this Si detector system include: 1) a novel Si stripixel detector structure developed at BNL will be used, which provides 2d position sensitivity with single-sided process; 2) high resistivity magnetic Czochralski (MCZ) Si wafer will be used, which provides naturally high concentration of oxygen for improved radiation hardness to charged particles; and 3) p-type MCZ substrates are used, for which single-sided process is retained and fast electron collection is presented, and which experiences no space charge sign inversion to ensure partial depletion mode operation at extremely high radiation fluences. In the first detector design layout, strip pitches in both y and u directions have been fixed at 80 /spl mu/m, with a stereo angle of 4.6/spl deg/ between them. The strip length is 3 cm and the detector chip size is 2.56 cm /spl times/ 6.0 cm, with 2 halves of 2.56 cm /spl times/ 3.0 cm sensitive areas without dead space between them. Both y and u strips will be read out by the sides perpendicular to the strips. Simulations on detector processing as well as the electric properties before and after radiation by charged particles up to 1.0/spl times/10/sup 16/ n/sub eq/ (1 MeV neutron equivalent)/cm/sup 2/ have been done. Simulation results show that up to 2.0/spl times/10/sup 15/ n/sub eq//cm/sup 2/ of charged particle irradiation, the highest fluence for the inter-medium region for strip detector in the SLHC, the new detector with a thickness of 200 /spl mu/m can still be fully depleted at a bias of 400 volts.
Marker-based, 3-D adaptive cartesian grid method for multiphase flow around irregular geometries (2009)

Computational simulations of multiphase flow are challenging because many practical applications require adequate resolution of not only interfacial physics associated with moving boundaries with possible topological changes, but also around three-dimensional, irregular solid geometries. In this paper, we focus on the simulations of fluid/fluid dynamics around complex geometries, based on an Eulerian-Lagrangian framework. The approach uses two independent but related grid layouts to track the interfacial and solid boundary conditions, and is capable of capturing interfacial as well as multiphase dynamics. In particular, the stationary Cartesian grid with time dependent, local adaptive refinement is utilized to handle the computation of the transport equations, while the interface shape and movement are treated by marker-based triangulated surface meshes which freely move and interact with the Cartesian grid. The markers are also used to identify the location of solid boundaries and enforce the no-slip condition there. Issues related to the contact line treatment, topological changes of multiphase fronts during merger or breakup of objects, and necessary data structures and solution techniques are also highlighted. Selected test cases including spacecraft fuel tank flow management, and movement and rupture of interfaces associated with liquid plug flow are presented. I.
Differential interactions between the immunoglobulin heavy chain μ intron and 3′ enhancer (1995)

The immunoglobulin heavy chain 3' enhancer may be a novel type of a transcriptional regulation element in as much as its function is position dependent. We show that there are interactions between the mu intron and 3' enhancer which are differentially regulated depending on the distance between the two elements. Thus, a transcriptional repression is exerted by the 3' enhancer when juxtaposed to the intron enhancer. Whereas no or only modest synergism between the immunoglobulin mu intron and 3' enhancer has been reported to date, we show here that the stimulatory effect is substantially increased by extending the distance between the two enhancers. In our stable expression system, the mu intron enhancer insulated the test gene from neighboring chromatin.
The influence of anesthetic agents on mitochondrial function as determined by high-resolved respirometry of human blood cells (2012)

Usui, D.; Isaksson, M.; Suzuki, M.; Sjovall, F.; Elmer, E.; Uchino, H. Author Information
Nanomaterials-Based Colorimetric Immunoassays (2019)

Colorimetric immunoassays for tumor marker detection have attracted considerable attention due to their simplicity and high efficiency. With the achievements of nanotechnology and nanoscience, nanomaterials-based colorimetric immunoassays have been demonstrated to be promising alternatives to conventional colorimetric enzyme-linked immunoassays. This review is focused on the progress in colorimetric immunoassays with the signal amplification of nanomaterials, including nanomaterials-based artificial enzymes to catalyze the chromogenic reactions, analyte-induced aggregation or size/morphology change of nanomaterials, nanomaterials as the carriers for loading enzyme labels, and chromogenic reactions induced by the constituent elements released from nanomaterials.
Chairside Fabricated Fiber-Reinforced Composite Fixed Partial Denture (2007)

The advances in the materials and techniques for adhesive dentistry have allowed the development of non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches for replacing a missing tooth in those clinical situations when conservation of adjacent teeth is needed. Good mechanical and cosmetic/aesthetic properties of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), with good bonding properties with composite resin cement and veneering composite are needed in FRC devices. Some recent studies have shown that adhesives of composite resins and luting cements allow diffusion of the adhesives to the FRC framework of the bridges. By this so-called interdiffusion bonding is formed [1]. FRC bridges can be made in dental laboratories or chairside. This article describes a clinical case of chairside (directly) made FRC Bridge, which was used according to the principles of minimal invasive approach. Treatment was performed by Professor Vallittu from the University of Turku, Finland.
Rapid Detection of Protein Phosphatase Activity Using Zn(II)-Coordinated Gold Nanosensors Based on His-Tagged Phosphopeptides (2014)

We report a rapid colorimetric assay to detect protein phosphatase (PP) activity based on the controlled assembly and disassembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via Zn(II)-specific coordination in the presence of His6-tagged phosphopeptides. Among divalent metal ions including Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Mg(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II), only Zn(II) triggered a strong association between phosphopeptides with hexahistidine at a single end and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-modified AuNPs (21.3 nm in core diameter), leading to the self-assembly of AuNPs and consequently changes in color of the AuNP solution. In contrast, unphosphorylated peptides and His6-deficient phosphopeptides did not change the color of the AuNP solution. As a result, protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity and its inhibition were easily quantified with high sensitivity by determining the extinction ratio (E520/E700) of colloidal AuNPs. Most importantly, this method was capable of detecting protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity in immunoprecipitated plant extracts. Because PPs play pivotal roles in mediating diverse signal transduction pathways as primary effectors of protein dephosphorylation, we anticipate that our method will be applied as a rapid format method to analyze the activities of various PPs and their inhibition.
Power consumption optimization in multi-mode mobile relay (2009)

Abstract—Multi-mode is a common feature in current generation terminals, enabling the user to stay connected at any time. By selecting an appropriate standard, multi-mode can reduce terminal power consumption. Software Defined Radio is an enabler towards multi-mode for the next generation of terminals. In such a radio, communication modes are implemented by a general processor through digital functions, instead of dedicated chips. Providing access to users in bad conditions through relays, is another solution to reduce power consumption. We look at multi-mode relaying, where a mobile terminal, connected to an UMTS base station, acts as an 802.11g-relay for those users. In this paper, we evaluate the algorithmic complexity of 802.11g and UMTS to estimate the power consumption of a Software Defined Radio. We propose a multi-mode relay scheme using such terminals, with the purpose of minimizing the global power consumption. Finally, we enounce different rules to maximize the local and global power gain by implementing multi-mode relays. I.
온라인 게임의 유저인터페이스(User-Interface) 디자인 연구 (2003)

우리나라는 초고속정보통신망 세계1위의 자리를 수년째 지켜오고 있다. 이것을 기반으로 한 온라인게임 또한 세계에서 상위의 위치를 점하고 있고. 많은 온라인 게임을 매년 개발해내고 있다. 
온라인 게임에 있어서 유저인터페이스(User-Interface)는 온라인상에서 인간과 컴퓨터 의 인터렉티브(Interactive)관계를 촉발 시키고 게임 진행 정보요소를 제공하여, 플레이어가 자신이 의도하는 방향으로 게임을 이끌어 나가게 하기위해서 반드시 있어야하는 중요한 존재이다.
본 연구는 멀티미디어환경의 구현이 즉각적으로 표출되어지는 온라인게임 47개를 선정하여 그것을 내용상 분류하였다.
분류되어진 온라인게임의 화면을 게임진행영역(Playing Area)과 게임정보영역(Information Area)으로 나누어, 게임정보영역의 UI를 화면 레이아웃을 중심으로 자료를 분석하여 연구를 진행하였다.
그 결과 온라인게임의 장르의 구분에 따라 UI가 화면에서 레이아웃 되는 위치가 어느 정도 일정한 정형성을 가지고 디자인되고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.
이러한 정형성은 다양성을 추구하는 부분에 있어서는 그 역할이 다소 미진하지만, 유저의 인지된 정보가 이미 기억되어 있는 상태에서 새로운 게임을 접했을 때, UI에 대한 친숙감과 게임진행을 위한 학습시간의 단축 등으로 인하여, 단시간에 호응을 얻을 수 있는 긍정적인 측면을 가질 수 있다
이것을 토대로 온라인 게임 제작에 있어서 시간적인 효율성과 경제성을 확보 할 수 있도록 하고자 하였다.
Light-microscopic analysis of sectioned Sézary cells: an accurate alternative to electron microscopy. (1980)

The prognostic implications of circulating Sézary cells in mycosis fungoides (MF) are not known, and the significance of fluctuating Sézary cell counts in either MF or the Sézary syndrome has not been assessed. Such studies have been hampered by the inaccuracy of counts performed on routine blood smears and the unavailability of electron microscopy for routine purposes. The present studies conducted on the peripheral blood of 35 patients with either MF or the Sézary syndrome show that Sézary cell counts performed by light microscopy of sectioned Epon-embedded lymphocyte fractions are as accurate as those carried out at the ultrastructural level. In addition, the studies include preliminary observations concerning 20 patients whose Sézary cell counts were repeated over time intervals ranging from 3 months to over 5 years. The described method should facilitate the performance of blood and lymph node Sézary cell counts on a wider scale, which is a necessity if the significance of circulating Sézary cells is to be evaluated.
Effects of oxygen in ion-beam sputter deposition of titanium oxides (1984)

Oxides of titanium, 200–400 nm thick, were deposited by ion-beam sputtering of a metallic target. The ion beam consisted of an argon–oxygen mixture where the oxygen percentage was varied from 5% to 50%. Ellipsometry and spectrophotometry were used for optical characterization, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to examine the atomic bonding patterns. For each wavelength, the refractive index showed a maximum when the oxygen fraction was near 30%. At 633 nm, the maximum was 2.52. Such films were dense, amorphous, stoichiometric TiO2 with a visible optical absorption of a few tenths of a percent. With less oxygen, films were also transparent, but contained increasing amounts of a titanium suboxide. With substantially less oxygen, opaque cermets were formed. When the oxygen percentage was increased above 40%, the refractive index of the films was less than the maximum, the films apparently contained voids, but they were otherwise stoichiometric.
Glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme activities in parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells from mouse liver (1972)

1. Parenchymal cells have been prepared from mouse liver by enzymic and mechanical means. 2. The dry weights, protein and DNA contents of these cells have been determined. 3. Mouse liver ;M-' and ;L-type' pyruvate kinases have been prepared free of contamination with each other; their kinetic properties have been examined and a method has been developed for their assay in total liver homogenates. 4. Recoveries of phosphoglycerate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase in enzymically prepared cells indicate that little, if any, cytoplasmic protein is lost during preparation. 5. Parenchymal cells exhibit a very substantial increase in the activity ratio of glucokinase to hexokinase over that in total liver homogenate; in three out of eight experiments, hexokinase activity was undetectable. 6. ;L-type' pyruvate kinase alone occurs in the parenchymal cell. Non-parenchymal cells are characterized by the presence of ;M-type' activity only. 7. Parenchymal cells contain both glucose 6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-diphosphatase. The non-parenchymal fraction appears to contain fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, but is devoid of glucose 6-phosphatase. 8. No aldolase A was detectable in the whole liver. Aldolase B occurs in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal tissue. 9. Parenchymal cells prepared by mechanical disruption of mouse liver with 20% polyvinyl alcohol exhibit a similar enzyme profile to those prepared enzymically. 10. The methodology involved in the preparation of isolated liver cells is discussed. The importance of the measurement of several parameters as criteria for establishing the viability of parenchymal cells is stressed. 11. The metabolic implications of the results in the present study are discussed.
Antioxidant Activity of the Yeast Mitochondrial One-Cys Peroxiredoxin Is Dependent on Thioredoxin Reductase and Glutathione In Vivo (2009)

Peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous enzymes which protect cells against oxidative stress. The first step of catalysis is common to all peroxiredoxins and results in oxidation of a conserved peroxidatic cysteine residue to sulfenic acid. This forms an intermolecular disulfide bridge in the case of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, which is a substrate for the thioredoxin system. 1-Cys Prx's contain a peroxidatic cysteine but do not contain a second conserved cysteine residue, and hence the identity of the in vivo reduction system has been unclear. Here, we show that the yeast mitochondrial 1-Cys Prx1 is reactivated by glutathionylation of the catalytic cysteine residue and subsequent reduction by thioredoxin reductase (Trr2) coupled with glutathione (GSH). This novel mechanism does not require the usual thioredoxin (Trx3) redox partner of Trr2 for antioxidant activity, although in vitro assays show that the Trr2/Trx3 and Trr2/GSH systems exhibit similar capacities for supporting Prx1 catalysis. Our data also indicate that mitochondria are a main target of cadmium-induced oxidative stress and that Prx1 is particularly required to protect against mitochondrial oxidation. This study demonstrates a physiological reaction mechanism for 1-Cys peroxiredoxins and reveals a new role in protection against mitochondrial heavy metal toxicity. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Novel High-Quality Compact Microstrip Resonator and its Application to Bandpass Filter (2015)

A novel compact microstrip resonator based on interdigital structure is proposed. The resonator has several times higher quality factor than similar resonators presented earlier. It is shown that the size of the resonator can be significantly reduced with substantial increase in quality factor by incrementing the number of pins in the interdigital structure. A 4-pole bandpass filter with central frequency 900 MHz and an overall size 4.6 mm <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\times$</tex></formula> 10.0 mm was designed and fabricated on the base of the proposed structure. The measured upper stopband of the filter was found to be up to <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$7.4f_{\rm o}$</tex></formula> at the level <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$-$</tex> </formula> 40 dB.
An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Characterize Dengue Infections Where Dengue and Japanese Encephalitis Co-Circulate (1989)

The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of detection of anti-dengue IgM by antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was investigated in dengue infections in a variety of clinical settings. Sera from uninfected controls were uniformly negative. Serial specimens from experimental and natural infections showed that viremia and fever terminated as anti-dengue IgM became detectable. Anti-dengue IgM appeared in most cases by the 3rd afebrile day of illness and declined to undetectable levels after 30-60 days. Assay sensitivity was 78% in admission sera (924/1,183; 95% CI = 75-81%) and 97% in paired sera (1,030/1,062; 95% CI = 96-98%) thus exceeding or matching the performance of the hemagglutination-inhibition assay. Measurement of the anti-dengue IgM to anti-Japanese encephalitis IgM ratio correctly identified all sera from 112 patients with strictly defined Japanese encephalitis and 98% (307/312; 95% CI = 96-99%) of sera from patients whose dengue infections were confirmed by virus isolation. Dengue infections could be classified as primary or secondary by determining the ratio of units of dengue IgM to IgG antibody. We propose that measurement of dengue and Japanese encephalitis IgM and IgG antibodies upon admission and discharge from hospital care should replace the hemagglutination inhibition assay as the standard dengue serologic technique in regions where these 2 viruses co-circulate.
OPTOBUS/sup TM/ I: a production parallel fiber optical interconnect (2002)

Parallel fiber interconnects have received considerable attention recently due to the potential systems level advantages offered by optics. Designers of large computer systems and central office equipment are attracted by the advantages of size, EMI, electrical isolation and the performance at distances not achievable by traditional copper solutions. In spite of these advantages, designers do not want to pay a premium for optical solutions at comparable data rates and distance to copper. Therefore, it is critical to optical product implementation that there be a large added performance over copper for the same cost. OPTOBUS/sup TM/ I is a solution that addresses the tradeoffs between manufacturing cost and system design. It is a simple, low cost, 400 Mb/s 10-bit bidirectional optical data link for distances up to several hundred meters.