gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Variables Pertinent to The Preparation of Vinyl Foam (1965)

The effect of the rheology of a foam plas tisol during fusion on the resultant properties of the foam produced have been studied. The catalytic effect of eight compounds on the decomposition temperature of azodicarbona mide were studied and correlated to the plas tisol rheology as determined by the Fusion- Viscosity test. Data indicate that decomposi tion of the blowing agent should occur at a temperature greater than the fusion tempera ture to insure uniform cell formation.
Molecular Characterization of Canine Prostaglandin G/H Synthase-2 and Regulation in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Cells in Vitro (2002)

Induction of PG G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the PG biosynthetic pathway, has been implicated in prostatic adenocarcinomas in humans and dogs in vivo, but the molecular control of PGHS-2 expression in prostate cancer remains poorly understood. Using the dog model, the specific objectives of this study were to clone and characterize canine PGHS-2, and to study the regulation of its transcript, protein, and activity in a canine prostatic adenocarcinoma (CPA) cell line in vitro. The canine PGHS-2 cDNA was cloned by a combination of cDNA library screening and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and shown to contain a 5'-untranslated region of 28 bp, an open reading frame of 1815 bp, and a 3'-untranslated region of 1655 bp. The open reading frame encodes a 604-amino acid protein that is 89% identical to the human homolog. The regulation of PGHS-2 protein and PGE(2) synthesis was studied in CPA cells cultured in the absence or presence of graded doses of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), TNFalpha, and lipopolysaccharides. Results from immunoblots, immunocytochemistry, and RIAs showed that PGHS-2 protein and PGE(2) were present at low levels in control cells and were significantly induced after agonist treatment (P < 0.05), with PMA being the strongest inducer. Northern blot analyses also revealed a significant increase of PGHS-2 mRNA by PMA, TNFalpha, and lipopolysaccharides treatment (P < 0.05). Agonist-dependent induction of PGHS-2 mRNA was not dependent on new protein synthesis (coincubation with cycloheximide; 10 microg/ml) but was blocked by transcription inhibitor actinomycin D (5 microg/ml), suggesting that PGHS-2 acts an immediate early-response gene in prostatic epithelial cells. Thus, this study characterizes for the first time the structure of canine PGHS-2 and provides an in vitro model to unravel the molecular basis of PGHS-2 expression in prostatic adenocarcinomas.
Therapeutic potential of small interfering RNAs/micro interfering RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (2015)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer and represents the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Current available therapeutic approaches are poorly effective, especially for the advanced forms of the disease. In the last year, short double stranded RNA molecules termed small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and micro interfering RNAs (miRNA), emerged as interesting molecules with potential therapeutic value for HCC. The practical use of these molecules is however limited by the identification of optimal molecular targets and especially by the lack of effective and targeted HCC delivery systems. Here we focus our discussion on the most recent advances in the identification of siRNAs/miRNAs molecular targets and on the development of suitable siRNA/miRNAs delivery systems.
Coating damage suppression in hole-assisted fiber for high optical power wiring (2006)

Effective suppression of temperature increase (< 1 K, at 3 W) was observed in hole-assisted fiber (HAF) with tight bending. We report for the first time suppression due to reduction of whispering gallery mode and HAF's applicability at 100 W
Modern methods of the treatment of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (2014)

Today there are no ethiopathogenetic treatment methods for treating hereditary epidermolysis bullosa. All available treatment methods are symptomatic and are mainly aimed at patient care. Since severe forms of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa affect multiple organs, patients need assistance of both dermatologists and skilled experts such as general practitioners (pediatricians), gastroenterologists and dentists or ophthalmologists, surgeons, hematologists, oncologists, etc. when needed. To take efficient therapeutic and preventive measures, clinical recommendations and treatment standards are needed. Promising therapeutic methods (protein replacement, cell and gene techniques) are currently at different development and implementation stages but they can solve problems related to the treatment of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa in the future.
Casein kinase II from Caenorhabditis elegans. Properties and developmental regulation of the enzyme; cloning and sequence analyses of cDNA and the gene for the catalytic subunit. (1990)

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a model system for investigating the structure, function, and regulation of casein kinase II. Cytosols from C. elegans embryos and gravid adults, which contain fertilized eggs and embryos, are enriched in casein kinase II activity; cytosols from newly hatched larva, four subsequent larval stages, and immature adults exhibit casein kinase II levels that are 3-10-fold lower than those observed in embryo cytosol. C. elegans casein kinase II contains alpha (Mr = 42,000) and beta (Mr = 29,000) subunits and has a Stokes radius of 50 nm. The enzyme utilizes ATP and GTP as substrates, is potently inhibited by heparin and undergoes autophosphorylation. Sequence analyses of cloned cDNAs corresponding to the 1.7-kilobase mRNA encoding the alpha (catalytic) subunit of casein kinase II indicate that the alpha polypeptide contains 359 amino acid residues. Variations in the abundance of casein kinase II alpha mRNA are coordinated with changes in enzyme activity during C. elegans development, indicating that alpha subunit expression is controlled at a pretranslational level. However, the magnitude of the developmentally controlled changes in phosphotransferase activity exceeded the corresponding increments in alpha subunit mRNA content. This suggests that translational and/or post-translational mechanisms also play an important role in the developmental regulation of C. elegans casein kinase II activity. The 2.9-kilobase casein kinase II alpha gene is divided into eight exons by intervening sequences ranging from 48 to 457 base pairs in length. The alpha gene promoter contains a TATA box, and a unique transcription start site has been identified. The intron/exon organization of the casein kinase II alpha gene differs markedly from the gene structure of the catalytic subunit of murine cAMP-dependent protein kinase (Chrivia, J. C., Uhler, M. D., and McKnight, G. S. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 5739-5744).
Contactless conductivity biosensor in microchip containing folic acid as bioreceptor (2012)

We report a glass/PDMS-based microfluidic biosensor that integrates contactless conductivity transduction and folic acid, a target for tumor biomarker, as a bioreceptor. The device presents relevant advantages such as direct determination--dismiss the use of redox mediators as in faradaic electrochemical techniques--and the absence of the known drawbacks related to the electrode-solution interface. Characterizations of the functionalization processes and chemical sensor are described in this communication.
ISDN implementation strategy of the Deutsche Bundespost telekom (1990)

The telephone networks operated by the Deutsche Bundespost are described, and its 64-kb/s ISDN pilot project is introduced. Plans for commercial operation are discussed. Marketing principles surrounding the introduction of ISDN services are examined. Conditions of use and charges in ISDN are considered, focusing on the effects on tariffs caused by the transition to ISDN, and the effects of the proposed switch from periodic pulse metering to time-sensitive calculation of charges are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Automatic labeling of prosodic patterns (1994)

This paper describes a general algorithm for labeling prosodic patterns in speech, which provides a mechanism for mapping sequences of observations (vectors of acoustic correlates) to prosodic labels using decision trees and a Markov sequence model. Important and novel features of the approach are that it allows many dissimilar correlates to be treated in a unified manner to provide more robust labeling, and that it is designed to be a post-word-recognition processing step. Application of the algorithm is illustrated with experimental results for labeling prosodic phrasing and phrasal prominence in two corpora of professionally read speech. The labels produced by the automatic algorithm exhibit agreement with hand-labeled prominence and phrasing that is close to the agreement between different human labelers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristic changes in high school athletes: a plyometric versus basic resistance program (2005)

Basic training alone induced favourable neuromuscular and biomechanical changes in high school female athletes. The plyometric program may further be utilised to improve muscular activation patterns.
Effect of a Carry-Back of Loss on Right to Interest (1950)

If for any taxable year beginmng after December 31, 1941, the taxpayer has a net operating loss, such net operating loss shall be a net loss carry-back for each of the two preceding taxable years.A similar provision applied in the case of excess profits credits.
Use of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in the Prevention of Breast Cancer (2008)

Irma H Russo1† & Jose Russo2 †Author for correspondence 1Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Molecular Endocrinology Section, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Room C43, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA Tel.: +1 215 728 4781; Fax: +1 215 728 2180; E-mail: irma.russo@fccc.edu 2Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Breast Cancer & the Environment Research Center, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Room C43, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA Tel.: +1 215 728 4782; Fax: +1 215 728 2180; E-mail: jose.russo@fccc.edu ‘...the need to apply what is known about breast differentiation to novel applications of preventive and therapeutic drug regimens is urgent.’
DNA barcoding analysis of more than 9 000 yeast isolates contributes to quantitative thresholds for yeast species and genera delimitation (2016)

DNA barcoding is a global initiative for species identification through sequencing of short DNA sequence markers. Sequences of two loci, ITS and LSU, were generated as barcode data for all (ca. 9k) yeast strains included in the CBS collection, originally assigned to ca. 2 000 species. Taxonomic sequence validation turned out to be the most severe bottleneck due to the large volume of generated trace files and lack of reference sequences. We have analysed and validated CBS strains and barcode sequences automatically. Our analysis shows that there were 6 and 9.5 % of CBS yeast species that could not be distinguished by ITS and LSU, respectively. Among them, ∼3 % were indistinguishable by both loci. Except for those species, both loci were successfully resolving yeast species as the grouping of yeast DNA barcodes with the predicted taxonomic thresholds was more than 90 % similar to the grouping with respect to the expected taxon names. The taxonomic thresholds predicted to discriminate yeast species were 98.41 % for ITS and 99.51 % for LSU. To discriminate current yeast genera, thresholds were 96.31 % for ITS and 97.11 % for LSU. Using ITS and LSU barcodes, we were also able to show that the recent reclassifications of basidiomycetous yeasts in 2015 have made a significant improvement for the generic taxonomy of those organisms. The barcodes of 4 730 (51 %) CBS yeast strains of 1 351 (80 %) accepted yeast species that were manually validated have been released to GenBank and the CBS-KNAW website as reference sequences for yeast identification.
Life After the Object Wars (1999)

The object technology field has been fraught with format wars that have stifled wide spread adoption of any one particular technology. While language wars have existed since the beginning of time, the attention of most of the software industry has shifted from language debates to the component and distributed object battlefields. While it is difficult to predict which (if any) technology will dominate component software or distributed computing, a fair amount of common ground can be found if one is willing to put down the sword and view how each of the various camps solves the problems at hand. In that spirit, this talk will present a unified view of component software based on the common ideas shared by the dominant component technologies, identifying the best (and worst) aspects of the current state-of-the-practice in component development.
The operation of a-Si:H TFTs flexible electronics on plastic substrate (2007)

In this paper a-Si:H TFTs with the external the mechanical strain and bending cycles is studied. In addition, the trap states distribution is also discussed. Besides, the temperature distribution of a-Si:H TFTs on plastic substrate is an important issue for operation. A thermal conduction layer dissipates the accumulated heat during operation is designed and it calculates the temperature distribution in this work.
A Depth Extraction Method Based on Motion and Geometry for 2D to 3D Conversion (2009)

With the development of 3DTV, the conversion of existing 2D videos to 3D videos becomes an important component of 3D content production. One of the key steps in 2D to 3D conversion is how to generate a dense depth map. In this paper, we propose a novel depth extraction method based on motion and geometric information for 2D to 3D conversion, which consists of two major depth extraction modules, the depth from motion and depth from geometrical perspective. The H.264 motion estimation result is utilized and cooperates with moving object detection to diminish block effect and generates a motion-based depth map. On the other hand, a geometry-based depth map is generated by edge detection and Hough transform. Finally, the motion-based depth map and the geometry-based depth map are integrated into one depth map by a depth fusion algorithm.
Regular ferroelectric domain array in lithium niobate crystals for nonlinear optic applications (2000)

Abstract We present our experimental investigations of the domain evolution in lithium niobate. Particular attention is paid to the short-pitch and nanoscale domain patterning. We demonstrate the production of domain patterns with period down to 2.6 μ.m in 0.5-mm-thick LiNbO3wafers by backswitched poling using lithographic stripe electrodes and nanoscale domain patterns consisting of strictly oriented arrays of nanodomains (diameter down to 30 nm, density up to 100 μm−2). Key Words: domain structurebackswitchingdomain engineeringkineticsswitchingnanotechnology
Personalized search: Integrating collaboration and social networks (2010)

Despite improvements in their capabilities, search engines still fail to provide users with only relevant results. One reason is that most search engines implement a “one size fits all” approach that ignores personal preferences when retrieving the results of a user's query. Recent studies (Smyth, 2010) have elaborated the importance of personalizing search results and have proposed integrating recommender system methods for enhancing results using contextual and extrinsic information that might indicate the user's actual needs. In this article, we review recommender system methods used for personalizing and improving search results and examine the effect of two such methods that are merged for this purpose. One method is based on collaborative users' knowledge; the second integrates information from the user's social network. We propose new methods for collaborative-and social-based search and demonstrate that each of these methods, when separately applied, produce more accurate search results than does a purely keyword-based search engine (referred to as “standard search engine”), where the social search engine is more accurate than is the collaborative one. However, separately applied, these methods do not produce a sufficient number of results (low coverage). Nevertheless, merging these methods with those implemented by standard search engines overcomes the low-coverage problem and produces personalized results for users that display significantly more accurate results while also providing sufficient coverage than do standard search engines. The improvement, however, is significant only for topics for which the diversity of terms used for queries among users is low.
CXXIII.—Experiments on the constitution of the aloins. Part I (1909)

R. Robinson and J. L. Simonsen, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1909, 95, 1085 DOI: 10.1039/CT9099501085
Synthesis and Sorption Study of AlOOH Nanoparticle Cross-Linked Polymeric Scale Inhibitors and their Squeeze Performance in Porous Media (2013)

Abstract Polymeric scale inhibitors are widely utilized in the oil and gas field because of their enhanced thermal stability and better environmental compatibility. However, the squeeze efficiency of such threshold inhibitors, not only polymeric scale inhibitors but also phosphonates, is typically poor in conventional squeeze treatment. In this research, nanoparticle cross-linked polymeric scale inhibitors were developed for scale control. Nearly monodispersed boehmite (γ-A1O(OH)) nanoparticles (NPs) with average size of 2.8 nm were synthesized and used to cross-link sulphonated polycarboxylic acid (SPCA). Cross-linked AlOOH-SPCA nanoinhibitors were produced and developed to increase the retention of SPCA in formations by converting liquid phase polymeric scale inhibitors into a viscous gel. Sorption study of SPCA onto AlOOH NPs under different pHs with and without assistance of Ca2+ was discussed. In addition, sorption study of various types of scale inhibitors (SPCA, PPCA and DTPMP) onto AlOOH NPs was also performed. Squeeze simulation of neat 3% SPCA, AlOOH(3%)-SPCA(3%) NPs and AlOOH(3%)-SPCA(3%)-Ca NPs were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Ca2+ ions improve the squeeze performance of SPCA and the normalized squeeze life of such material (8,952 bbl/Kg) was improved more than 60 times compared to that of SPCA alone (152 bbl/Kg).
Kinetics of cellular influx and histamine release in normal human bronchi (1989)

Inhalation of certain substances can induce bronchial inflammation followed by bronchoconstriction or bronchial hyperreactivity. We have developed a model of airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction induced by an aqueous extract of cotton bracts (CBE) in which the severity of flow rate reduction correlates with the presence of bronchoalveolar neutrophils. In the current study normal human volunteers underwent local bronchial instillation of CBE. Bronchial lavage histamine concentrations and cellular populations were determined at time intervals after local challenge. In addition, bronchial biopsies were obtained after CBE instillation, and the degree of subepithelial inflammation was quantitated. We report that lavage of bronchi locally exposed to CBE contains 1) greater histamine concentrations 4 min after challenge compared with lavage from saline-challenged bronchi and 2) concentrations of eosinophils and macrophages that are greater than control lavage 8 min after exposure. Bronchial biopsies taken after CBE instillation also demonstrated a variable degree of subepithelial granulocyte infiltration that correlated with the global bronchoconstricting response to CBE assessed on a separate day. These studies suggest that inflammation can develop rapidly in normal human bronchi and may precede significant flow rate reductions by greater than 1 h.
The <i>Arabidopsis tt19‐4</i> mutant differentially accumulates proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin through a 3′ amino acid substitution in glutathione <i>S</i>‐transferase (2010)

ABSTRACT The Arabidopsis transparent testa ( tt ) mutant tt19‐4 shows reduced seed coat colour, but stains darkly with DMACA and accumulates anthocyanins in aerial tissues. Positional cloning showed that tt19‐4 was allelic to tt19‐1 and has a G‐to‐T mutation in a conserved 3′‐domain in the TT19‐4 gene. Soluble and unextractable seed proanthocyanidins and hydrolysis of unextractable proanthocyanidin differ between wild‐type Col‐4 and both mutants. However, seed quercetins, unextractable proanthocyanidin hydrolysis, and seedling anthocyanin content, and flavonoid gene expression differ between tt19‐1 and tt19‐4 . Transformation of tt19‐1 with a TT19‐4 cDNA results in vegetative anthocyanins, whereas TT19‐4 cDNA cannot complement the proanthocyanidin and pale seed coat phenotype of tt19‐1 . Both recombinant TT19 and TT19‐4 enzymes are functional GSTs and are localized in the cytosol, but TT19 did not function with wide range of flavonoids and natural products to produce conjugation products. We suggest that the dark seed coat of Arabidopsis is related to soluble proanthocyanidin content and that quercetin holds the key to the function of TT19. In addition, TT19 appears to have a 5′ GSH‐binding domain influencing both anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulation and a 3′ domain affecting proanthocyanidin accumulation by a single amino acid substitution.
Glycerol electro-oxidation on bismuth-modified platinum single crystals (2017)

Herein we describe the role of Bi adatom irreversibly adsorbed on platinum single-crystal electrodes toward the oxidation of glycerol. Our results show that the presence of bismuth on the Pt(1 1 1) electrode improves the activity of the reaction, by preventing the adsorption of poisoning intermediates such as carbon monoxide, as well as the selectivity to dihydroxyacetone, while on the Pt(1 0 0)/Biir electrode, the presence of a strongly bound glycerol-related adsorbate and a small amount of linearly bonded carbon monoxide causes a decrease in the activity. Significantly, the presence of bismuth on Pt(1 0 0) does not change its tendency to produce only glyceraldehyde as the primary product of the oxidation of glycerol. The increase in the selectivity to DHA on Pt(1 1 1)/Biir is attributed to the interaction of the Bi adatom with the enediol intermediate, an adsorbed intermediate that exists on Pt(1 1 1) but not on Pt(1 0 0). The enediol is the key intermediate in the isomerization reaction between glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone, and the stabilization of this intermediate by the interaction with the bismuth enhances the rate of the isomerization reaction toward the thermodynamically most stable isomer, namely dihydroxyacetone.
Determination of Anti-Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Neutralizing Antibody Titer with an <i>In Vitro</i> Reporter System (2015)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are a platform of choice for in vivo gene transfer applications. However, neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to AAV can be found in humans and some animal species as a result of exposure to the wild-type virus, and high-titer NAb develop following AAV vector administration. In some conditions, anti-AAV NAb can block transduction with AAV vectors even when present at low titers, thus requiring prescreening before vector administration. Here we describe an improved in vitro, cell-based assay for the determination of NAb titer in serum or plasma samples. The assay is easy to setup and sensitive and, depending on the purpose, can be validated to support clinical development of gene therapy products based on AAV vectors.
Bidirectional mode-locked fiber ring laser using passively controlled threshold gating (2010)

An innovative technique to achieve bidirectional mode-locking of a fiber ring laser is demonstrated using two amplitude modulators passively driven by a signal regenerated from the laser’s own 5.1MHz repetition rate.