gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AJI9561, a New Cytotoxic Benzoxazole Derivative Produced by Streptomyces sp. (2001)

In our search for new antitumor agents, a new cytotoxic metabolite, AJI9561 (1) was isolated from the mycelium extract of Streptomyces sp. AJ9561, and the structure of 1 was determined to be a new bezoxazole derivative related to UK-1 (2) (Fig. Herein, we report fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation, and cytotoxic activity of AJI9561.
All-optical clock division using a semiconductoroptical amplifier loop mirror with feedback (1996)

The spontaneous clock division of an optical pulse train at 2.5 GHz is reported. This divide by two function is achieved using a semiconductor optical amplifier as the nonlinear element in a fibre loop mirror, where the switching pulses are obtained by feeding back the reflected loop output.
iGesture: A General Gesture Recognition Framework (2007)

With the emergence of digital pen and paper interfaces, there is a need for gesture recognition tools for digital pen input. While there exists a variety of gesture recognition frameworks, none of them addresses the issues of support- ing application developers as well as the designers of new recognition algorithms and, at the same time, can be inte- grated with new forms of input devices such as digital pens. We introduce iGesture, a Java-based gesture recognition framework focusing on extensibility and cross-application reusability by providing an integrated solution that includes tools for gesture recognition as well as the creation and management of gesture sets for the evaluation and optimi- sation of new or existing gesture recognition algorithms. In addition to traditional screen-based interaction, iGesture provides a digital pen and paper interface.
Compact, Low-Profile, Bandwidth-Enhanced Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filtenna (2018)

In this letter, a compact, low-profile, bandwidthenhanced, dual-cavity substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filtenna is demonstrated. Two SIW cavities are stacked vertically on top of each other. A complementary split-ring resonator slot is etched in the top surface of the uppermost cavity, causing the top surface to act as a patch antenna. The operational impedance bandwidth is significantly enhanced by merging the three resonances that arise from this configuration. One is introduced by the patch, and the other two are inherently generated by the two cavities. A metallized coupling post is introduced from the ground plane through both cavities to the upper surface to excite the fundamental resonant mode of the patch, as well as to electromagnetically couple the two cavities. The optimized filtenna was fabricated by a standard printed circuit board technology and tested. It has a low profile 0.03λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and a compact size 0.62 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.62 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> at its center frequency, f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> = 2.95 GHz. The measured results agree well with their simulated values. They demonstrate a 6.3% fractional bandwidth, a maximum realized gain of 6.73 dBi, a flat gain profile within its passband, and an excellent out-of-band selectivity.
Asymmetric strain relaxation in patterned SiGe layers: A means to enhance carrier mobilities in Si cap layers (2007)

Strain relaxation in patterned Si0.77Ge0.23 stripes grown on Si(001) by chemical vapour deposition was investigated after He+ ion implantation and annealing. Ion channeling measurements indicate asymmetric strain relaxation with a significantly higher residual strain parallel to the stripes than perpendicular to the stripes. These results are confirmed by plan view transmission electron microscopy showing a much higher density of misfit dislocations running along the stripes than across the stripes. Estimates based on a piezoresistivity model indicate significant enhancements of electron and hole mobilities for asymmetrically strained Si cap layers on such SiGe stripes.
Nitrogen removal from coal gasification wastewater by activated carbon technologies combined with short-cut nitrogen removal process (2014)

与捷径一起联合小粒的激活的碳和粉状的激活的碳技术的一个系统生物的氮移动(GAC-PACT-SBNR ) 被开发提高全部的氮(TN ) 为有对外部碳资源的更少的需要的厌氧地对待的煤气化废水的移动。在 SBNR 的 TN 移动效率被在缺氧的阶段期间从 GAC 过程介绍自河进 SBNR 显著地改进，与移动百分比从 43.8%–49.6% 增加到 68.8%–75.8% 。然而， TN 移动率与 GAC 吸附的进步恶化减少了。在把激活的污泥加到 GAC 分隔空间以后，小粒的碳有更长的服务生活，对外部碳资源的要求变得更低。最后，在 SBNR 的 TN 移动率在与污泥播种前在约 43.3% 点是几乎不变的，作为与约 20.0% 相比。另外，一些碱度的生产为氮的硝化作用反应和由在在 oxic 下面的 SBNR 的自造营养物质的细菌的降级调节的倔强的化学的氧需求(货到付款) 在碱度要求在 denitrification 期间导致了网积蓄。合同显示出优秀跳回到增加器官的装载。微生物引起的社区分析表明 PACT 有细菌的 taxons 的一个更大的变化，与三分隔空间联系的主导的种类在对典型污染物质的移动的好同意。学习证明由 GAC 污泥过程的吸附前能是一个技术上并且经济地可行的方法在煤气化废水(CGW ) 提高 TN 移动。
A new global routing algorithm for over-the-cell routing in standard cell layouts (2002)

The authors present a new global routing algorithm for over-the-cell routing in standard cell layout, which determines global routes for each net both in channels and on over-the-cell regions. The goal of the algorithm is to minimize the total channel height in the final lyout. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the C language on a SPARC station 2 and tested with the benchmarks distributed from MCNC, whose cell placements were generated with TimberWolfSC4.2c. Experimental results show that the new routing algorithm reduces the channel height by about 13.1% compared to the conventional routing algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An integrated model of workflows, e-contracts and solution implementation (2004)

Electronic-contracts (e-contracts) are structured models of business contracts. Business transactions between enterprises can be supported by inter-workflows based on standards. However, exceptions, namely problematic situations whose solutions are not specified in the workflow design, are not well supported in the proposed models. Such exceptions need to be resolved observing e-contracts. Discussion and decision-making by participants are necessary for interpreting e-contracts and agreeing on a solution. In this paper, we propose Workflow-Contract-Solution model (WCS model) to support such e-contract oriented execution of business processes.
Cysteine-Sparing CADASIL Mutations in <i>NOTCH3</i> Show Proaggregatory Properties In Vitro (2015)

Our findings support the view that cysteine-sparing mutations, such as D80G, might cause CADASIL with a phenotype largely indistinguishable from cysteine mutations. The in vitro aggregation analysis of atypical NOTCH3 mutations offers novel insights into pathomechanisms and might represent a tool for estimating their clinical significance.
High steady-state accuracy pneumatic servo positioning system with PVA/PV control and friction compensation (2003)

Pneumatic servo actuators have the benefits of low-cost, cleanliness and a high power-to-weight ratio. However, their relatively poor accuracy prevents them from competing with electro-mechanical systems when higher accuracy is needed. The cause of the steady-state error for a pneumatic servo system with an open-center servo valve is investigated. Full nonlinear and linearized plant models are presented. An effective friction compensation method is introduced which can be added to any control strategy. When combined with a novel PVA/PV control approach, a steady-state accuracy of /spl plusmn/0.01mm was verified in experiments. This is a tenfold improvement over previously reported experimental results for such systems. This performance is achieved for both vertical and horizontal movements with payloads ranging from 0.3 to 11.3kg, without re-tuning the controller.
R.F. SPUTTERED AMORPHOUS ALUMINA COATINGS ON HIGH SPEED STEEL (1992)

ABSTRACT Amorphous alumina coatings were deposited on high speed steel substrates by non reactive r.f. sputtering. The influence of the main deposition parameters on coating properties was studied, deposition conditions were selected in order to produce an amorphous, adherent, dense featureless coating for HSS oxidation prevention. Oxidation resistance tests were carried out in static air at 650°C and 800°C. At 650°C the coating prevents the oxidation of the substrates; at 800°C the coating presents cracking failure and the formation of a K-alumir.a phase occurs.
From Structural Models of Galactose Oxidase to Homogeneous Catalysis: Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols (1998)

Two reaction pathways are catalyzed by the dinuclear copper(II)-phenoxyl complex 1-a functional model for the metalloenzyme galactose oxidase-by the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols with dioxygen (air) in homogeneous solution to their corresponding aldehydes or ketones and/or 1,2-glycols (oxidative C-C coupling). The reduction product formed is H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> , not water.
dc characterization of the AlGaAs/GaAs tunneling emitter bipolar transistor (1987)

AlGaAs/GaAs tunneling emitter bipolar transistors (TEBT’s), grown by molecular beam epitaxy, have been fabricated. Device structures with two different tunneling barrier Al mole fractions and each for two different barrier thicknesses were characterized at room temperature. A differential current gain of 410 was achieved using a single 50 Å AlAs tunneling barrier. Devices with either thinner barriers (20 Å) or Al0.38Ga0.62As barriers had lower gains. Al0.24Ga0.76As/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors and GaAs homojunction bipolar transistors without tunneling barriers were also fabricated and characterized, for comparison. The performance of the homojunction devices was improved in all cases by inserting the tunneling barrier. The variations of the base and collector currents were measured for all devices and, for the TEBT’s they showed a functional dependence on the interfacial barrier Al mole fraction and thickness, which was attributed to carrier tunneling through the barrier. Furthermore, the above characteristics exhibit a clear electron-to-hole preferential tunneling.
Heat Resistant Explosives XIX. An Improved Synthesis of 2,2',2'',4,4', 4'',6,6',6'' nonanitroterphenyl, Nona (1965)

Abstract : Improved procedures for the preparation of 2,2',2'',4,4',4'',6,6', 6''-nonanitroterphenyl, NONA, from picryl chloride and 1,3-dichloro2,4,6- trinitrobenzene or 1,3-dibromo-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene have been developed. The NONA is formed in yields of approximately 25% along with quantities of 2,2',4, 4',6,6'-hexanitrobiphenyl, HNB, and small amounts of other products. By the use of thin-layer chromatography and a novel fractional crystallization from acetone, the separation of products has been greatly simplified. An improved procedure for the recrystallization of the crude product from acetone produces relatively large prisms whose bulk density is approximately 0.70. (Author)
The integration‐excision system of the conjugative transposon Tn 1545 is structurally and functionally related to those of lambdoid phages (1990)

Excision of Tn1545 and related conjugative transposons of Gram-positive bacteria occurs by reciprocal site-specific recombination between non-homologous regions of the transposon-target junctions. Excisive recombination requires two transposon-encoded proteins designated Xis-Tn and Int-Tn. We have shown that, following excision, Tn1545 is a circular structure with ends separated by either of the two hexanucleotides that were present at the transposon-target junctions. Using a trans-complementation assay, we have demonstrated that Int-Tn is able to catalyse in vivo integration of a circular intermediate of Tn1545 defective for integration and excision. comparison of integration sites suggests that limited sequence homology at the vicinity of the recombining sites is required for integration of the element. These data support the hypothesis that the integration/excision systems of conjugative transposons from Gram-positive cocci and of lambdoid phages from Gram-negative bacilli have evolved from a common ancestor.
Cloning of two novel human importin‐α subunits and analysis of the expression pattern of the importin‐α protein family (1997)

The import of many proteins into the nucleus is mediated by the importin-alpha/beta heterodimer. While only one importin-beta gene has been found, several forms of importin-alpha have been described. In addition to the three human importin-alphas already identified, we report here the primary structure of two new human importin-alpha proteins. The five known human importin-alpha subunits can be classified into three subfamilies that appear conserved in higher eukaryotic organisms. We show by immunoblotting that the different importin-alpha subfamilies are expressed in a variety of human tissues and mammalian cell lines.
Characterization of ZAG protein expression in prostate cancer using a semi-automated microscope system (2006)

This study characterized ZAG protein expression in PCa using a semi-automated system. ZAG expression level found to have an independent prognostic value for pT2 patients.
A new, simple technique for extraction of mites, using the difference in density between ethanol and saturated NaCl (preliminary note) (1986)

An new floating method for extracting mites from house-dust, cultures etc ... , using ethanol 80 % and aqueous saturated NaCl, is described. An average of 97 to 98 % of the mites is extracted.
Two new flavones from<i>Salvia plebeia</i> (2015)

Two new flavones neocafhispidulin (1) and 6″-O-acetyl homoplantaginin (2), together with 10 known flavones and 1 polyphenol were isolated from the whole plants of Salvia plebeia. R. Br. Compounds 3 and 4 were reported from this plant for the first time. Their structures were determined by spectral analyses. Compounds 1-13 were evaluated for their anti-tyrosinase and anti-inflammatory activities. The results showed that compounds 1, 5, 8, 10 and 11 exhibited anti-tyrosinase activities, and compounds 3, 4 and 13 showed potential anti-inflammatory activities.
Neuropeptide Y mitigates neuropathology and motor deficits in mouse models of Machado–Joseph disease (2015)

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a fatal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder associated with an expanded polyglutamine tract within the ataxin-3 protein, and characterized by progressive impairment of motor coordination, associated with neurodegeneration of specific brain regions, including cerebellum and striatum. The currently available therapies do not allow modification of disease progression. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been shown to exert potent neuroprotective effects by multiple pathways associated with the MJD mechanisms of disease. Thus, we evaluated NPY levels in MJD and investigated whether raising NPY by gene transfer would alleviate neuropathological and behavioural deficits in cerebellar and striatal mouse models of the disease. For that, a cerebellar transgenic and a striatal lentiviral-based models of MJD were used. NPY overexpression in the affected brain regions in these two mouse models was obtained by stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated viral vectors encoding NPY. Up to 8 weeks after viral injection, balance and motor coordination behaviour and neuropathology were analysed. We observed that NPY levels were decreased in two MJD patients' cerebella and in striata and cerebella of disease mouse models. Furthermore, overexpression of NPY alleviated the motor coordination impairments and attenuated the related neuropathological parameters, preserving cerebellar volume and granular layer thickness, reducing striatal lesion and decreasing mutant ataxin-3 aggregation. Additionally, NPY mediated increase of brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and decreased neuroinflammation markers. Our data suggest that NPY is a potential therapeutic strategy for MJD.
DC electrorheology of fluid suspending barium titanate in the range of ferroelectric size effects (1997)

Abstract Hydrothermally synthesized barium titanate, which was paraelectric, was heated at various temperatures. The powder was mixed with silicone oil at 10 vol% to measure rheological properties of the suspension without and with dc field of 2kV/mm. The electrorheological effect (ER effect), the increase in shear stress by the dc field, showed a clear dependence to the heating temperature. The ER effect took a clear peak on a fluid dispersing powder heated at 700°C. The splitting of 200 and 002 X-ray diffractions of that barium titanate was uncertain, although this diffraction peak became clearly unsymmetrical.
The effect of dietary inclusion of yeast culture (Yea-Sacc) on patterns of rumen fermentation, food intake and growth of intensively fed bulls (1992)

Abstract The effects of a barley beef diet without (control) and with a yeast culture (YC) on rumen fermentation, in vivo diet digestibility, nitrogen retention, live-weight gain and food intake were evaluated using 13 Limousin × British Friesian bulls per treatment. The YC was composed of the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its growth medium dried in such a manner that it maintained its fermentative capacity. The addition of YC significantly increased the concentration of acetate (P < 0·05) while propionate concentration tended to be higher for bulls given YC (P > 0·05). The acetate: propionate ratio remained unchanged. Concentration of total volatile fatty acid (VFA) was significantly higher in YC bulls compared with control bulls (P < 0·05). The in vitro studies using the Menke gas test confirmed these findings. Mean in vitro gas production in bulls receiving YC was lower than that in the controls (P < 0·05) and methane production was significantly reduced by the addition of YC after 12h (P < 0·01). Ruminal ammonia concentrations were not affected by treatment but ruminal pH was significantly depressed by the addition of YC (P < 0·05). Apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and neutral-detergent fibre were unaffected by treatment but tended to be higher with the control diet. Nitrogen retention was not affected by the addition of YC and mean values for allantoin excretion and plasma urea were similar. In a 28-week feeding trial, dry-matter intake was significantly greater for bulls given YC (5·55 kg/day) than for control bulls (5·32 kg/day, P < 0·05) but average daily gain, 1·55 and 1·58 kg/day for control and YC respectively, and food conversion efficiency were not improved significantly by YC (P > 0·05).
The Physics of Alfvén Waves (2001)

Low-frequency wave modes of magnetized inhomogeneous plasmas have been subject to intense study in the last decade because they play important roles in the transport of energy in the plasmas. The "Alfv&eacute;n wave heating" scheme has been investigated as a supplementary heating scheme for fusion plasma devices, and it has been invoked as a model of the heating of the solar and stellar coronae.This book covers the latest research into the properties and applications of low-frequency wave modes in magnetized plasmas, the Alfv&eacute;n waves and magneto-acoustic waves, in the context of laborat
Characteristics of asparagine-linked sugar chains of sphingolipid activator protein 1 purified from normal human liver and GM1 gangliosidosis (type 1) liver (1990)

Asparagine-linked sugar chains of sphingolipid activator protein 1 (SAP-1) purified from normal human liver and GM1 gangliosidosis (type 1) liver were comparatively investigated. Oligosaccharides released from the two SAP-1 samples by hydrazinolysis were fractionated by paper electrophoresis and by Aleuria aurantia lectin-Sepharose and Bio-Gel P-4 (under 400 mesh) column chromatography. Structures of oligosaccharides in each fraction were estimated from data on their effective molecular sizes, behavior on immobilized lectin columns with different carbohydrate-binding specificities, results of sequential digestion by exoglycosidases with different aglycon specificities, and methylation analysis. Sugar chains of SAP-1 purified from normal human liver and from GM1 gangliosidosis (type 1) liver were different from each other, although both of them were derived from complex-type sugar chains. The sugar chains of the former were the following eight degradation products from complex-type sugar chains by exoglycosidases in lysosomes: Man alpha 1----6(Man alpha 1----3)Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4GlcNAcOT, Man alpha 1----6(Man alpha 1----3)Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAcOT, Man alpha 1----6Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4GlcNAcOT, Man alpha 1----6Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAcOT, Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4GlcNAcOT, Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAcOT, GlcNAc beta 1----4GlcNAcOT, and GlcNAcOT. In contrast to these, the sugar chains of the latter were sialylated and nonsialylated mono- to tetraantennary complex-type sugar chains that were not fully degraded due to a metabolic defect in acid beta-galactosidase activity.
Brain Architecture: Understanding the Basic Plan (2002)

Preface to First Edition 1. Thinking about the Brain: Body and Mind 2. How the Brain Works: History, Structure and Function 3. The Simplest Nervous Systems: Neurons, Nerve Nets, and Behavior 4. Centralization and Symmetry: Ganglia and Nerves 5. The Basic Vertebrate Plan: Transverse Divisions 6. Neurogenesis: Longitudinal Divisions, Parts List, and Adult Flatmap 7. Brain and Behavior: A Four Systems Network Model 8. The Motor System: Coordinating External and Internal Behaviors 9. The Behavioral State System: Intrinsic Control of Sleep and Wakefulness 10. The Cognitive System: Thinking and Voluntary Control of Behavior 11. The Sensory System: Inputs from Environment and Body 12. Modifiability: Learning, Stress, Cycles, and Damage Repair 13. Genome and Connectome
Behavioral Factors in Interactive Training of Text Classifiers (2012)

This paper describes a user study where humans interactively train automatic text classifiers. We attempt to replicate previous results using multiple “average ” Internet users instead of a few domain experts as annotators. We also analyze user annotation behaviors to find that certain labeling actions have an impact on classifier accuracy, drawing attention to the important role these behavioral factors play in interactive learning systems. 1
The effects of adaptation on the perception of similar and dissimilar odors (1992)

The Pubishers wish to apologise for the inadvertent mis-spelling of Charles J. Wysocki and other errors in the above article, which should be corrected as follows. On Page 471, Table I, the first Number in the second column should read 2:6. On page 477, Table II, the results under d-limonene should read as below. On page 481, the NIH grant number to CJW is DC00298.
Fusion of phospholipid vesicles with planar phospholipid bilayer membranes. I. Discharge of vesicular contents across the planar membrane. (1980)

Multilamellar phospholipid vesicles are introduced into the cis compartment on one side of a planar phospholipid bilayer membrane. The vesicles contain a water-soluble fluorescent dye trapped in the aqueous phases between the lamellae. If a vesicle containing n lamellae fuses with a planar membrane, an n-1 lamellar vesicle should be discharged into the opposite trans compartment, where it would appear as a discernible fluorescent particle. Thus, fusion events can be assayed by counting the number of fluorescent particles appearing in the trans compartment. In the absence of divalent cation, fusion does not occur, even after vesicles have been in the cis compartment for 40 min. When CaCl2 is introduced into the cis compartment to a concentration of greater than or equal to 20 mM, fusion occurs within the next 20 min; it generally ceases thereafter because of vesicle aggregation in the cis compartment. With approximately 3 x 10(8) vesicles/cm3 in the cis compartment, about 25-50 fusion events occur following CaCl2 addition. The discharge of vesicular contents across the planar membrane is the most convincing evidence of vesicle-membrane fusion and serves as a model for that ubiquitous biological phenomenon--exocytosis.