gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides Y4 using different substrate feeding strategies (2010)

Microbial lipid is a potential alternative feedstock for the biodiesel industry. New culture strategies remain to be developed to improve the economics of microbial lipid technology. This work describes lipid production by the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides Y4 using a 15-l bioreactor with different substrate feeding strategies. Among these strategies, the intermittent feeding mode gave a lipid productivity of 0.36 g l(-1) h(-1), whereas the constant glucose concentration II (CC-II) mode gave the highest lipid productivity of 0.57 g l(-1) h(-1). The repeated fed-batch mode according to the CC-II mode was performed with a duration time of 358 h, and the overall lipid productivity was 0.55 g l(-1) h(-1). Our results suggested that substrate feeding modes had a great impact on lipid productivity and that the repeated fed-batch process was the most appealing method by which to enhance microbial lipid production.
Phase Relations and Reaction Sintering of Transparent Cubic Aluminum Oxynitride Spinel (ALON) (1979)

A new isobaric, condensed phase diagram in the region of stability of cubic aluminum oxynitride spinel (ALON) along the pseudobinary AI 2 O 3 ‐AIN composition join is presented, deduced primarily from various analytical measurements and microstructural observations. It is shown that cubic aluminum oxynitride spinel melts incongruently at ≊2050°C and is compositionally centered at ≊35.7 mol% AIN, which is equivalent to the following stoichiometric composition: AI 23 O 27 N 5 or 5AIN·9AI 2 O 3 . Single‐phase ALON material sintered to nearly full density exhibits transparency in visible light.
An Experimental Optical Three-axis Tactile Sensor Featured with Hemispherical Surface (2008)

We are developing an optical three-axis tactile sensor capable of acquiring normal and shearing force to mount on a robotic finger. The tactile sensor is based on the principle of an optical waveguide-type tactile sensor, which is composed of an acrylic hemispherical dome, a light source, an array of rubber sensing elements, and a CCD camera. The sensing element of the silicone rubber comprises one columnar feeler and eight conical feelers. The contact areas of the conical feelers, which maintain contact with the acrylic dome, detect the three-axis force applied to the tip of the sensing element. Normal and shearing forces are then calculated from integration and centroid displacement of the grayscale value derived from the conical feeler's contacts. To evaluate the present tactile sensor, we conducted a series of experiments using an x-z stage, a rotational stage, and a force gauge. Although we discovered that the relationship between the integrated grayscale value and normal force depends on the sensor's latitude on the hemispherical surface, it is easy to modify the sensitivity based on the latitude to make the centroid displacement of the grayscale value proportional to the shearing force. When we examined the repeatability of the present tactile sensor with 1,000 load/unload cycles, the error was 2%.
Optimal power-constrained SoC test schedules with customizable clock rates (2012)

In this paper, we propose a method of minimizing test time in SoCs (System-on-chip), for a given power budget, by varying the test clock frequency for each test session. Since frequency is proportional to the test time and the power dissipated, by controlling the test clock frequency, the power dissipated and the test time per session can be adjusted so as to yield an optimal solution to the test scheduling problem. To achieve this, we modify the existing ILP (Integer-Linear Program) model for optimal test scheduling to include a variable frequency parameter which, in turn, controls the test time and power. For the optimization, we have used an open-source ILP solver. We also prove that the lower bound on the total test time of an SoC, is obtained by executing individual cores (tests) per session at their maximum frequency of operation, such that their test power is same as the power budget. Results show an improvement of 27% over existing solution for the benchmark SoC, ASIC Z.
"Redox Tautomerism" in High-Valent Metal-oxo-aquo Complexes. Origin of the Oxygen Atom in Epoxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Water-Soluble Metalloporphyrins (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT"Redox Tautomerism" in High-Valent Metal-oxo-aquo Complexes. Origin of the Oxygen Atom in Epoxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Water-Soluble MetalloporphyrinsJean Bernadou, Anne-Sylvie Fabiano, Anne Robert, and Bernard MeunierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 20, 9375–9376Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00099a083https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00099a083research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views854Altmetric-Citations157LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The development of opioid tolerance in the formalin test in the rat (1995)

The formalin test produces persistent pain in animals and is believed to provide a better model of the pain experienced by humans than do tests that measure reflex nociceptive thresholds. The present study evaluated whether tolerance to morphine develops in the formalin test in the rat. Morphine (75 mg) or vehicle pellets were implanted subcutaneously for 5 consecutive days. On the 6th day, a subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of either morphine (10 mg/kg) or saline was given 30 min prior to the injection of 50 microliters of 5% formalin into the left hindpaw of the rats. In vehicle-pelleted rats administered saline, formalin evoked characteristic pain behavior consisting of licking, biting and flinching of the affected hindpaw. The pain behavior in morphine-tolerant rats given morphine did not differ significantly from the saline control; i.e., tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine was demonstrable in the formalin test. These results do not agree with previous published reports. Rather, these results suggest that the mechanisms involved in morphine analgesia in the formalin test and in reflex nociceptive tests are similar and subject to the same problem of tolerance with chronic opioid administration.
Thermal noise spectrum of a fiber-optic magnetostrictive transducer (1991)

We report the observation of the thermal equilibrium strain fluctuation spectrum in a transducer using a fiber interferometer. The thermal noise power spectrum in the range of 20-30 kHz of the metallic glass cylinder in this experiment is determined by the dynamic elastic susceptibility and has peak value corresponding to approximately 0.8 microrad/ radicalHZ at 25.5 kHz. The data are analyzed by using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and a coupled-mode model for dynamic response in metallic glass.
Transition States Between Pyramids and Domes During Ge/Si Island Growth (1999)

Real-time observations were made of the shape change from pyramids to domes during the growth of germanium-silicon islands on silicon (001). Small islands are pyramidal in shape, whereas larger islands are dome-shaped. During growth, the transition from pyramids to domes occurs through a series of asymmetric transition states with increasing numbers of highly inclined facets. Postgrowth annealing of pyramids results in a similar shape change process. The transition shapes are temperature dependent and transform reversibly to the final dome shape during cooling. These results are consistent with an anomalous coarsening model for island growth.
Neural Coding: Higher-Order Temporal Patterns in the Neurostatistics of Cell Assemblies (2000)

Recent advances in the technology of multiunit recordings make it possible to test Hebb's hypothesis that neurons do not function in isolation but are organized in assemblies. This has created the need for statistical approaches to detecting the presence of spatiotemporal patterns of more than two neurons in neuron spike train data. We mention three possible measures for the presence of higher-order patterns of neural activation--coefficients of log-linear models, connected cumulants, and redundancies--and present arguments in favor of the coefficients of log-linear models. We present test statistics for detecting the presence of higher-order interactions in spike train data by parameterizing these interactions in terms of coefficients of log-linear models. We also present a Bayesian approach for inferring the existence or absence of interactions and estimating their strength. The two methods, the frequentist and the Bayesian one, are shown to be consistent in the sense that interactions that are detected by either method also tend to be detected by the other. A heuristic for the analysis of temporal patterns is also proposed. Finally, a Bayesian test is presented that establishes stochastic differences between recorded segments of data. The methods are applied to experimental data and synthetic data drawn from our statistical models. Our experimental data are drawn from multiunit recordings in the prefrontal cortex of behaving monkeys, the somatosensory cortex of anesthetized rats, and multiunit recordings in the visual cortex of behaving monkeys.
Improved Pyroelectric Properties of <scp> <scp>CaBi</scp> </scp> <sub>4</sub> <scp> <scp>Ti</scp> </scp> <sub>4</sub> <scp> <scp>O</scp> </scp> <sub>15</sub> Ferroelectrics Ceramics by <scp> <scp>Nb</scp> </scp> / <scp> <scp>Mn</scp> </scp> Co‐Doping for Pyrosensors (2016)

The pyroelectric properties of Nb(Mn)‐doped and Nb/Mn co‐doped CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ( CBT ) bismuth layer‐structured ferroelectric ceramics were investigated. It was found that Nb/Mn co‐doping resulted in stronger enhancement of pyroelectric properties than that of single Nb or Mn doping. The mechanism of doping effect was explained by the distortion of the [ BO 6 ] octahedra induced by the doped Nb and Mn cations occupying the B‐site of the pseudoperovskite structure. A large pyroelectric coefficient of 84.4 μC/m 2 K was obtained at room temperature for Nb/Mn co‐doped CBT ( CBTN ‐Mn) ceramics, higher than that of pure, Nb or Mn‐doped counterparts, being on the order of 35.9, 58.2, 44.0 μC/m 2 K, respectively. The enhanced pyroelectric coefficient together with reduced dielectric constant (99) and dielectric loss (0.002) led to greater improvement of figures of merit ( FOM s), including FOM s for voltage responsivity ( F v ~ 3.95 × 10 −2 m 2 /C) and detectivity ( F d ~ 2.44 × 10 −5 Pa −1/2 ), in CBTN ‐Mn ceramics. Furthermore, the temperature variations of F v and F d were found to be 24% and 68%, respectively, over a broad temperature range from room temperature to 350°C, making CBTN ‐Mn ceramics potential candidate for high‐temperature pyroelectric devices.
Open-Cell, Low-Density Ceramics Fabricated from Reticulated Polymer Substrates (1987)

Processing procedures and resulting mechanical properties of open-cell, low-density (relative density < 0.1) ceramic macrostructures were investigated. These macrostructures were fabricated by slurry coating reticulated polymer substrates. Cracks in the struts powder coating, which were produced during the pyrolysis of the substrate, remained after powder densification at high temperatures and were the major cause of suboptimum properties. Additionally, lack of slurry drainage during the coating process could fill cells with powder which would differentially shrink during densification, leaving large regions within the macrostructure void of cell struts. This problem became increasingly produced with decreasing cell size. Mechanical properties were measured for a commercial transformation-toughened Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/ZrO{sub 2} open-celled material fabricated using reticulated polymer substrates with cell sizes of 12, 26, and 39 pores/cm. Approximately half of the specimens were treated by the manufacturer in an attempt to heal the partially cracked struts. The relative density of all materials ranged from 7 to 12% of theoretical. Mechanical properties appeared to be independent of cell size. The elastic modulus, which ranged from 1 to 5 GPa, increased with density and was higher for the healed materials.
THE TRANSFER OF REFRACTORINESS TO G-V-H DISEASE IN F1 HYBRID RATS (1967)

F1 hybrid rats that recover from graft-versus-host (GVH) disease show varying degrees of resistance to rechallenge by parental strain lymphoid cells. This resistance was previously shown not to be due to the development of immunity and to appear even when the hybrids' lymphoid system has been destroyed by thymectomy and irradiation. Resistance can be transmitted from a refractory to a normal hybrid by parabiosis or by cross-circulation. Parabiosis for a limited period during the active stage of the disease is sufficient to confer resistance. Irradiation of the blood extracorporeally during cross-circulation does not prevent the transfer of refractoriness. These observations indicate that refractoriness depends upon a humoral factor: possibly isoantibodies directed against the host, produced by the grafted lymphoid tissue and acting by a mechanism analogous with that of “tumour enhancement.”
Deadlock in British Coal Strike (1926)

Essay| October 01 1926 Deadlock in British Coal Strike Ralston Hayden, Ralston Hayden Professor of Political Science, University of Michigan, Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar James K. Pollock, Jr. James K. Pollock, Jr. Department of Political Science, University of Michigan Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1926) 25 (1): 126–128. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1926.25.1.126 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ralston Hayden, James K. Pollock; Deadlock in British Coal Strike. Current History 1 October 1926; 25 (1): 126–128. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1926.25.1.126 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1926 by The Regents of the University of California1926 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Diffuse Axonal Injury in Head Trauma (2003)

Future advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of DAI will be dependent on our collective understanding of injury biomechanics, temporal axonal pathophysiology, and its role in patient outcome.
The Transcription Factor AtDOF4.7 Is Involved in Ethylene- and IDA-Mediated Organ Abscission in Arabidopsis (2016)

Organ abscission is an important plant developmental process that occurs in response to environmental stress or pathogens. In Arabidopsis, ligand signals, such as ethylene or INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA), can regulate organ abscission. Previously, we reported that overexpression of AtDOF4.7, a transcription factor gene, directly suppresses the expression of the abscission-related gene ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE 2 (ADPG2), resulting in a deficiency of floral organ abscission. However, the relationship between AtDOF4.7 and abscission pathways still needs to be investigated. In this study, we showed that ethylene regulates the expression of AtDOF4.7, and the peptide ligand, IDA negatively regulates AtDOF4.7 at the transcriptional level. Genetic evidence indicates that AtDOF4.7 and IDA are involved in a common pathway, and a MAPK cascade can phosphorylate AtDOF4.7 in vitro. Further in vivo data suggest that AtDOF4.7 protein levels may be regulated by this phosphorylation. Collectively, our results indicate that ethylene regulates AtDOF4.7 that is involved in the IDA-mediated floral organ abscission pathway.
The Multiple-Access Channel With Partial State Information at the Encoders (2005)

This work studies the multiple-access channel (MAC) controlled by random parameters, with full side information at the decoder, and partial, rate limited, side information (SI) at the encoders. A single-letter characterization of the capacity region is derived, for the special case where the SI is degraded. Here degraded SI refers to the case where the SI available at one of the encoders is a subset of the SI available at the other encoder. Inner and outer bounds are derived on the capacity region of that channel for the general case where there are no restrictions on the structure of the SI at the two encoders. The techniques employed for coding the rate-limited SI, and the achievable regions so obtained, are closely related to the problems of hierarchical source coding, and multiple descriptions.
Studies on the metabolic bioactivation of haloperidol (HP) and its tetrahydropyridine dehydration product (1996)

Haloperidol (HP), a member of the butyrophenone class of neuroleptics and a first choice for the treatment of schizophrenia, causes severe extrapyramidal side effects including acute dystonic reactions, akathisia, drug-induced parkinsonism and, following chronic treatment, tardive dyskinesias (TD). The persistence of TD in some patients after neuroleptic drug treatment has been discontinued suggests that this condition may be related to a drug-induced neuronal lesion. HP and its tetrahydropyridine dehydration product {4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1- [4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (HPTP) share structural features with the parkinsonian inducing neurotoxin 1-Methyl-4- phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Consequently, we have elected to examine the metabolic fate of HP and HPTP to determine if these compounds, like MPTP, undergo metabolic bioactivation to neurotoxic pyridinium metabolites. In vitro metabolic studies have demonstrated that human monoamine oxidase A and cytochrome P450 3A4 are capable of catalyzing the oxidation of HPTP and/or HP to the toxic HP pyridinium metabolite {4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-[4- (4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]pyridinium species (HPP⁺). Rodent liver and brain preparations also catalyze HPP⁺ formation. In vivo studies in human and rodents have led to the characterization of both HPP⁺ and RHPP⁺, that is the pyridinium metabolite derived from reduced haloperidol, a major circulating metabolite of HP. Quantitative estimates of HPP⁺/RHPP⁺ in several patients receiving high doses of HP have been recorded. RHPP⁺ is the major urinary pyridinium metabolite in humans while HPP⁺ is the major pyridinium metabolite in rodents. Both pyridinium species also were identified in the brains of mice treated with HPTP but not with HP. Toxicological studies in baboons have demonstrated HPP⁺ and RHPP⁺ formation in this animal model. This is an ongoing study that should lead to useful toxicological results. Finally, [³H]HPTP was synthesized and in vivo (mouse) and in vitro (brain) metabolism studies were carried out in C57BL/6 mice. We attempted to gain some insight into the very low mass balance observed in our earlier work. This issue remains unresolved. The results obtained with the tritiated compound suggested that the major radioactive metabolite of HPTP in this species is the pyridinium metabolite HPP⁺. Overall these results emphasize the importance of pyridinium metabolite formation and argue for more extensive toxicological work to assess the possible contribution of HPP⁺ and RHPP⁺ to the extrapyramidal side effects caused by HP.
Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. (1985)

Elements of Experimentation. Single-Factor Experiments. Two-Factor Experiments. Three-or More-Factor Experiments. Comparison Between Treatment Means. Analysis of Multiobservation Data. Problem Data. Analysis of Data from a Series of Experiments. Regression and Correlation Analysis. Covariance Analysis. Chi-Square Test. Soil Heterogeneity. Competition Effects. Mechanical Errors. Sampling in Experimental Plots. Experiments in Farmers' Fields. Presentation of Experimental Results. Appendices. Index.
Relevance of continuously self-imaging gratings for noise robust imagery (2012)

We have designed miniaturized, simple, and robust cameras composed of a single diffractive optical element (DOE) that generates a continuously self-imaging (CSI) beam. Two different DOEs are explored: the J0 Bessel transmittance, characterized by a continuous optical transfer function (OTF) and the CSI grating (CSIG), characterized by a sparse OTF. In this Letter, we will analyze the properties of both DOEs in terms of radiometric performances. We will demonstrate that the noise robustness is enhanced for a CSIG, thanks to the sparsity of its OTF. A camera using this DOE has been made and experimental images are presented to illustrate the noise robustness.
Swarm Verification Techniques (2010)

The range of verification problems that can be solved with logic model checking tools has increased significantly in the last few decades. This increase in capability is based on algorithmic advances and new theoretical insights, but it has also benefitted from the steady increase in processing speeds and main memory sizes on standard computers. The steady increase in processing speeds, though, ended when chip-makers started redirecting their efforts to the development of multicore systems. For the near-term future, we can anticipate the appearance of systems with large numbers of CPU cores, but without matching increases in clock-speeds. We will describe a model checking strategy that can allow us to leverage this trend and that allows us to tackle significantly larger problem sizes than before.
Reinforcing the Hydrophobicity of Polymeric Surfaces from Fluorinated Star Polymers and Nanogels (2010)

Nanogels and starlike "arm-first" polymer based on 1H.1H.2H.2H-perfluorodecylacrylate were designed by controlled radical cross-linking copolymerization in solution, using ethyl 2-[(phenylcarbonothioyl)sulfanyl]propanoate as a reversible chain transfer agent. Investigations into (lie structure of these fluorinated branched polymers by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry, and polarized Optical microscopy revealed it crystalline organization which decreased its the cross-link density increased. Films were prepared from these branched architectures by coating on various substrates. Their properties were studied in comparison with films prepared from linear homologues. Contact angle measurements showed similar hydrophobicity after coating. However a significant decrease of hydrophobicity was observed after annealing in the case of films prepared from linear Polymers, whereas it was almost preserved for films corresponding to branched architectures. For films of same thickness, this observation was due to an important dewetting of the substrate in the case of linear polymers whereas this phenomenon was inhibited in the case of branched architectures, as revealed by optical micro copy and AFM analyses.
Augmented-reality glasses bring cloud security into sharp focus (2013)

The possibility of a new $200-billion-plus industry has cloud security experts bracing for the ramifications.