gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CIP2A Modulates Cell-Cycle Progression in Human Cancer Cells by Regulating the Stability and Activity of Plk1 (2013)

Abnormal cell-cycle control can lead to aberrant cell proliferation and cancer. The oncoprotein cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that stabilizes c-Myc. However, the precise role of CIP2A in cell division is not understood. Herein, we show that CIP2A is required for mitotic progression by regulating the polo-like kinase (Plk1). With mitotic entry, CIP2A translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it was enriched at spindle poles. CIP2A depletion delayed mitotic progression, resulting in mitotic abnormalities independent of PP2A activity. Unexpectedly, CIP2A interacted directly with the polo-box domain of Plk1 during mitosis. This interaction was required to maintain Plk1 stability by blocking APC/C-Cdh1-dependent proteolysis, thereby enhancing the kinase activity of Plk1 during mitosis. We observed strong correlation and in vivo interactions between these two proteins in multiple human cancer specimens. Overall, our results established a novel function for CIP2A in facilitating the stability and activity of the pivotal mitotic kinase Plk1 in cell-cycle progression and tumor development.
MiR-124 acts as a target for Alzheimer’s disease by regulating BACE1 (2017)

Although large numbers of microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in Alzheimer disease (AD) have been detected, their functions and mechanisms of regulation remain to be fully clarified. Beta-site Amyloid precursor protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) has been one of the prime therapeutic targets for AD. Here, we identified that miR-124 levels are gradually decreased in AD. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-124 suppresses BACE1 expression by directly targeting the 3'UTR of Bace1 mRNA <i>in vitro</i>. Inhibition of miR-124 significantly increased BACE1 levels in neuronal cells. In contrast, miR-124 overexpression significantly suppressed BACE1 expression in cells. And finally we determined that downregulation of miR-124 alleviated Aβ-induced viability inhibition and decreased apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results demonstrated that miR-124 is a potent negative regulator of BACE1 in the cellular AD phenotype and might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD.
Bayesian Cognitive Modeling (2014)

Bayesian inference has become a standard method of analysis in many fields of science. Students and researchers in experimental psychology and cognitive science, however, have failed to take full advantage of the new and exciting possibilities that the Bayesian approach affords. Ideal for teaching and self study, this book demonstrates how to do Bayesian modeling. Short, to-the-point chapters offer examples, exercises, and computer code (using WinBUGS or JAGS, and supported by Matlab and R), with additional support available online. No advance knowledge of statistics is required and, from the very start, readers are encouraged to apply and adjust Bayesian analyses by themselves. The book contains a series of chapters on parameter estimation and model selection, followed by detailed case studies from cognitive science. After working through this book, readers should be able to build their own Bayesian models, apply the models to their own data, and draw their own conclusions.
Determination of estrone and 17β-estradiol in human hair by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (2000)

An efficient procedure is described for the determination of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in hair by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method involves alkyloxycarbonylation with isobutyl chloroformate (isoBCF) of phenolic hydroxy groups after alkaline digestion of hair samples. The resulting isobutyloxycarbonyl derivatives of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol are extracted with hexane and subjected to chlorodifluoroacetyl derivatization in order to protect the remaining alcoholic hydroxy groups. When GC-MS with selected ion monitoring (SIM) was used, the quantitative ions were at m/z 270 and 384 in the electron ionization mass spectra for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol, respectively. The detection limits for SIM of the steroids were 1 and 2 pg, respectively, and the SIM responses were linear with correlation coefficients varying from 0.991 to 0.994 in the concentration range 0.2-4.0 ng g-1 for the estrogens studied. The detection of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in hair samples was possible in the concentration range of 0.24-1.30 ng g-1. The concentrations of the two estrogens detected were different in male and female hair samples.
Treating Big Leaguers: An Insider's View (1986)

Medical coverage of professional baseball players has kept up to date, thanks to the work of team physicians like David T. Watson, MC. His objectives: Keep players healthy and extend productive careers.
Gaucher disease types 1 and 3: Phenotypic characterization of large populations from the ICGG Gaucher Registry (2015)

Study of the natural history of Gaucher disease has revealed marked phenotypic variation. Correlations to genotypes could provide insight into individual susceptibility to varying disease severity, which may impact whole-life medical care, reproductive decisions, and therapeutic choices for affected families. Importantly, pre-symptomatic or prospective interventions or the use of therapies with significant risk require accurate risk-benefit analyses based on the prognosis for individual patients. The body of international data held within the International Collaborative Gaucher Group (ICGG) Gaucher Registry provides an unprecedented opportunity to characterize the phenotypes of Gaucher disease types 1 and 3 and to appreciate demographic and ethnic factors that may influence phenotypes. The diversity of GBA gene mutations from patients with Gaucher disease represented in the ICGG Gaucher Registry database and in the literature provides the basis for initial genotype/phenotype correlations, the outcomes of which are summarized here.
Side Information Generation for Multiview Distributed Video Coding Using a Fusion Approach (2006)

Distributed source coding (DSC) aims at achieving efficient compression by locating the source redundancies at the decoder instead of the encoder. Moreover, DSC exhibits many properties like low-complexity encoding or embedded error resilience that make it very convenient for some emerging new applications. Among the many challenging topics related to DSC there is the generation of the side information, an estimation made by the decoder of the data being decoded. In the particular field of multiview distributed video coding (multiview DVC) this side information can be generated by inter-camera or intra-camera interpolation. This paper briefly describes both techniques and proposes two approaches that combine them by evaluating the reliability of each interpolation at the pixel level
Effects of Aneuploidy on Cellular Physiology and Cell Division in Haploid Yeast (2007)

Aneuploidy is a condition frequently found in tumor cells, but its effect on cellular physiology is not known. We have characterized one aspect of aneuploidy: the gain of extra chromosomes. We created a collection of haploid yeast strains that each bear an extra copy of one or more of almost all of the yeast chromosomes. Their characterization revealed that aneuploid strains share a number of phenotypes, including defects in cell cycle progression, increased glucose uptake, and increased sensitivity to conditions interfering with protein synthesis and protein folding. These phenotypes were observed only in strains carrying additional yeast genes, which indicates that they reflect the consequences of additional protein production as well as the resulting imbalances in cellular protein composition. We conclude that aneuploidy causes not only a proliferative disadvantage but also a set of phenotypes that is independent of the identity of the individual extra chromosomes.
Antihypertensive Drugs and the Sympathetic Nervous System (2007)

Hypertension has been associated with several modifications in the function and regulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Although it is unclear whether this dysfunction is primary or secondary to the development of hypertension, these alterations are considered to play an important role in the evolution, maintenance, and development of hypertension and its target organ damage. Several pharmacological antihypertensive classes are currently available. The main drugs that have been clearly shown to affect SNS function are beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, and centrally acting drugs. On the contrary, the effects of ACE inhibitors (ACE-Is), AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and diuretics on SNS function remain controversial. These properties are pharmacologically and pathophysiologically relevant and should be considered in the choice of antihypertensive treatments and combination therapies in order to achieve, beyond optimal blood pressure control, a normalization of SNS physiology and the most effective prevention of target organ damage.
The dihydrofuran template approach to furofuran synthesis (2006)

Flash vacuum pyrrolysis of vinyl epoxides provides cis-dihydrofuran carboxylic esters in good yields and diastereoselectivities, which, on base-promoted epimerisation afford the complementary trans series. The compounds provide a viable template for a Lewis acid promoted cyclisation to provide the 2,6-diaryl-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane core found in the furofuran series of natural lignans. This strategy is stereodivergent and can be controlled to provide the exo-exo, exo-endo or endo-endo stereochemistries. The approach has been exemplified in syntheses of the sesamyl furofurans (+/-)-epiasarinin and (+/-)-asarinin.
Gas-Solid Flow in a Fluidically Oscillating Jet (1992)

The motion of air and solid particles is examined in a fluidically oscillating slot jet using time-averaged and cycle-resolved laser Doppler anemometry measurements. These measurements reveal the time dependent relative velocity magnitudes between the phases as well as the detailed nature of the flulidcally oscillating slot jet. Temporal phase differences between the gas and solid phases ranged up to 40 degrees for jet oscillation frequencies up to 50 Hz. The results indicate that the fluidic nozzle is an effective particle spreading device and the fuel injector attributes are inherently present such as enhanced mixing and low velocity regions for flame anchoring.
A Synthetic Mimic of Human Fc Receptors:  Defined Chemical Modification of Cell Surfaces Enables Efficient Endocytic Uptake of Human Immunoglobulin-G (2006)

Binding of ligands to macromolecular receptors on the surface of mammalian cells often results in ligand uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Certain human leukocytes and epithelial cells express Fc receptors (FcRs) that bind and internalize antibodies through this mechanism. To mimic this process, we synthesized an artificial FcR comprising the membrane anchor N-alkyl-3beta-amino-5alpha-cholestane linked to a disulfide-constrained cyclic peptide, termed FcIII, known to exhibit high affinity and specificity for the Fc region of human IgG. Treatment of human Jurkat lymphocytes that lack natural FcRs with the synthetic FcR (1 microM, 1 h) installed an average of approximately 6.2 x 10(5) synthetic receptor molecules per cell surface. These treated cells gained the capacity to internalize human IgG at levels greater than human THP-1 cells that express the natural receptors FcgammaRI and FcgammaRII. By linking binding motifs for circulating ligands to membrane anchors that cycle between the cell surface and intracellular endosomes, minimalistic cell surface receptors can be used to destroy targeted ligands by endocytosis. These small mimics of macromolecular receptors may be useful for controlling the extracellular abundance of ligands involved in disease.
Helicopter Flight Procedures for Community Noise Reduction (2017)

A computationally efficient, semiempirical noise model suitable for maneuvering flight noise prediction is used to evaluate the community noise impact of practical variations on several helicopter flight procedures typical of normal operations. Turns, "quick-stops," approaches, climbs, and combinations of these maneuvers are assessed. Relatively small variations in flight procedures are shown to cause significant changes to Sound Exposure Levels over a wide area. Guidelines are developed for helicopter pilots intended to provide effective strategies for reducing the negative effects of helicopter noise on the community. Finally, direct optimization of flight trajectories is conducted to identify low noise optimal flight procedures and quantify the magnitude of community noise reductions that can be obtained through tailored helicopter flight procedures. Physically realizable optimal turns and approaches are identified that achieve global noise reductions of as much as 10 dBA Sound Exposure Level.
Novel composite piezoelectric materials using direct bonding techniques (2002)

Novel composite piezoelectric materials for new piezoelectric devices are reported. The fabrication process using direct bonding techniques, bonded interface microstructures, and usefulness for piezoelectric devices are also reported. Monocrystalline piezoelectric materials such as LiNbO/sub 3/ and LiTaO/sub 3/ were successfully bonded directly onto the same material or different materials including semiconductor, without using any adhesive or such, effecting physically and electro-acoustically optically satisfactory interfaces. Despite the relatively low temperature of the heat treatment, the interface was found uniform, virtually void-free, and to be accomplished in an atomic order by TEM observation. Applications to one-chip electro-acoustic ICs and optical guided wave devices are described.
A magnetic position sensor (1988)

A position sensor utilizing a slender ferromagnetic element, a small permanent magnet, and interactive conductors is described. The element, first uniformly magnetized by passage of the magnet over its entire length, is divided by subsequent motion of the magnet into two regions having opposite polarizations on each side of the magnet position. The regions are differentiated by their unequal incremental permeabilities in small bias fields. The effective ac permeability of the element as a whole is shown to be a linear function of magnet position. Data from an experimental sensor in which permeability was sensed by the inductance of an encircling solenoid confirm this linear transfer function. Utility as a measurement and control element in machinery, instruments, and liquid level devices is apparent from the achievable performance. Expected applications will be in the range from a few centimeters to a few meters.
Chemoprevention of oral carcinogenesis by DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor: dose-dependent reduction in 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced tongue neoplasms in rats. (1993)

The modifying effect of three doses of DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) given p.o. during the post-initiation phase of tongue carcinogenesis initiated by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) was studied in male ACI/N rats. Animals were given 4-NQO at 20 ppm for 8 weeks in the drinking water to induce tongue neoplasms. One week after the stop of 4-NQO treatment, rats were transferred to the drinking water containing DFMO at concentrations of 100, 1000, and 2000 ppm for 25 weeks. The other groups consisted of rats given 2000 ppm DFMO alone or untreated rats. Thirty-four weeks after the start of the experiment, all animals were necropsied, and the incidences of neoplasms and preneoplastic lesions in the tongue, polyamine levels in the bloods and tongue tissues, and cell proliferation estimated by the number and area of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions in the tongue epithelium were compared among the groups. Feeding of DFMO at all doses significantly inhibited the incidence of tongue neoplasms compared to the group given 4-NQO alone. DFMO at levels of 1000 and 2000 ppm significantly reduced the incidence of preneoplastic lesions of the tongue. Results analyzed by the linear regression method suggested a dose-dependent inhibition in the incidences of neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the tongue with increasing levels of DFMO. Increased levels in polyamines in the blood and tongue tissue were significantly suppressed by the treatment of DFMO. Also, silver-stained nucleolar organizer region indices were significantly reduced by the DFMO exposure. These results indicate that increasing levels of DFMO in the drinking water inhibited 4-NQO-induced tongue carcinogenesis in a dose-dependent manner and such inhibition was related to reduction in the polyamine levels of blood and tissue and decrease in the cell proliferation.
Linear transceiver architectures (2003)

Work in progress associated with developing advanced mobile transceivers is reported. The goal is to produce efficient compact data-compatible systems. Several methods under investigation are described, including the use of digital signal processing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An approach towards developing tower of Hanoi sequence based distributed multi-channel parallel rendezvous for ad hoc networks (2018)

In recent days parallel rendezvous for multi-channel medium access seems to be a prominent technique, that includes both fast and slow procedure for channel rendezvous using half-duplex radio Usually in slow procedure, a node (typically while receiving) switches from one channel to another very slowly, whereas the same node (while attempting for transmission) switches to another channel very quickly Motivating with the idea of parallel rendezvous, this paper proposes a Tower of Hanoi (ToH) sequence based distributed multi-channel rendezvous procedure for wireless medium access operation The proposed approach increases the possibility of channel rendezvous amongst wireless nodes and decreases the congestion problem due to failure of proper channel rendezvous. Furthermore, ToH sequence needs less iteration time for rendezvous among the nodes in compare to Pseudo Random Sequence (SRS) based channel swithching. The proposed work is modeled and analyzed and the performances provide a better result than pseudo random sequence-based approach.
Multilayer asymmetric aperture-coupled broadside microstrip lines and their quasi-static and dynamic analyses (1995)

This paper describes new multilayer aperture-coupled broadside microstrip lines suitable for miniaturized microwave and millimeter-wave integrated circuits. Spectral-domain method is used for detailed investigations of these structures, and both quasi-static and dynamic results are presented to illustrate the need of a full-wave analysis for accurate circuit designs at high frequencies. The new transmission lines possess many desirable features, such as flexibility in circuit design and ability to optimize various transmission lines' characteristics, as well as miniaturization by using thin dielectric layers. Besides having the inherent properties of large ratios for the mode characteristic impedances and effective dielectric constants found in broadside-coupled structures, we also found that the studied coupled transmission lines can have equal mode effective dielectric constants for certain values of the structural parameters.
Mass-transport-controlled, large-area, uniform deposition of carbon nanofibers and their application in gas diffusion layers of fuel cells (2015)

The effect of mass transport on the growth characteristics of large-area vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was investigated by adjusting the substrate deposition angle (α). The catalyst precursor solution was coated onto one side of a 2D porous carbon paper substrate via a decal printing method. The results showed that the CNFs were grown on only one side of the substrate and α was found to significantly affect the growth uniformity. At α = 0°, the growth thickness, the density, the microstructure and the yield of the CNF film were uniform across the substrate surface, whereas the growth uniformity decreased with increasing α, suggesting that the large-area CNF deposition processes were mass-transport-controlled. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of the gas diffusion processes revealed the homogeneous distributions of the carbon-source-gas concentration, pressure, and velocity near the substrate surface at α = 0°, which were the important factors in achieving the mass-transport-limited uniform CNF growth. The homogeneity of the field distributions decreased with increasing α, in accordance with the variation in the growth uniformity with α. When used as a micro-porous layer, the uniform CNF film enabled higher proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance in comparison with commercial carbon black by virtue of its improved electronic and mass-transport properties confirmed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results.
Quality by design approach for viral clearance by protein a chromatography (2013)

Protein A chromatography is widely used as a capture step in monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification processes. Antibodies and Fc fusion proteins can be efficiently purified from the majority of other complex components in harvested cell culture fluid (HCCF). Protein A chromatography is also capable of removing modest levels of viruses and is often validated for viral clearance. Historical data mining of Genentech and FDA/CDER databases systematically evaluated the removal of model viruses by Protein A chromatography. First, we found that for each model virus, removal by Protein A chromatography varies significantly across mAbs, while remains consistent within a specific mAb product, even across the acceptable ranges of the process parameters. In addition, our analysis revealed a correlation between retrovirus and parvovirus removal, with retrovirus data generally possessing a greater clearance factor. Finally, we describe a multivariate approach used to evaluate process parameter impacts on viral clearance, based on the levels of retrovirus-like particles (RVLP) present among process characterization study samples. It was shown that RVLP removal by Protein A is robust, that is, parameter effects were not observed across the ranges tested. Robustness of RVLP removal by Protein A also correlates with that for other model viruses such as X-MuLV, MMV, and SV40. The data supports that evaluating RVLP removal using process characterization study samples can establish multivariate acceptable ranges for virus removal by the protein A step for QbD. By measuring RVLP instead of a model retrovirus, it may alleviate some of the technical and economic challenges associated with performing large, design-of-experiment (DoE)-type virus spiking studies. This approach could also serve to provide useful insight when designing strategies to ensure viral safety in the manufacturing of a biopharmaceutical product.