gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beyond CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells (2015)

CH3NH3PbI3 based perovskite solar cells have gained a lot of attention due to the high power conversion efficiencies associated with them. The present talk will focus on materials, form factors and applications beyond this archetypical semiconductor. The effects of substitutions in the metal ion, halide and organic ion will be explored along with their application in light emission.
An Application of a Balanced Incomplete Block Design (1961)

The analysis of balanced incomplete block experiments is discussed in most of the standard textbooks on experimental design. These discussions are usually confined to qualitative treatments; it being customary to obtain an adjusted sum of squares for treatments and to give procedures for determining the significance of the observed difference between two treatment totals. This paper describes a balanced incomplete block experiment in which the nine treatments were quantitative rather than qualitative, being actually two additives each at four levels and a third at one level. The unusual feature of the analysis is found in Section 3 where the adjusted sum of squares for treatments is subdivided into individual degrees of freedom, each of which is meaningful and specific to this example, and with which we obtain from the data response curves for the two factors which were used at four levels each.
Standardizing Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Translation to Clinical Use: Selection of GMP‐Compliant Medium and a Simplified Isolation Method (2016)

Umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) are a focus for clinical translation but standardized methods for isolation and expansion are lacking. Previously we published isolation and expansion methods for UC-MSCs which presented challenges when considering good manufacturing practices (GMP) for clinical translation. Here, a new and more standardized method for isolation and expansion of UC-MSCs is described. The new method eliminates dissection of blood vessels and uses a closed-vessel dissociation following enzymatic digestion which reduces contamination risk and manipulation time. The new method produced >10 times more cells per cm of UC than our previous method. When biographical variables were compared, more UC-MSCs per gram were isolated after vaginal birth compared to Caesarian-section births, an unexpected result. UC-MSCs were expanded in medium enriched with 2%, 5%, or 10% pooled human platelet lysate (HPL) eliminating the xenogeneic serum components. When the HPL concentrations were compared, media supplemented with 10% HPL had the highest growth rate, smallest cells, and the most viable cells at passage. UC-MSCs grown in 10% HPL had surface marker expression typical of MSCs, high colony forming efficiency, and could undergo trilineage differentiation. The new protocol standardizes manufacturing of UC-MSCs and enables clinical translation.
Potassium Ferricyanide Mediated Disposable Biosensor for Determination of Maltose and Glucose (1998)

Abstract A disposable sensor system for determination of glucose and maltose in the same sample was demonstrated by using potassium ferricyanide mediated enzyme electrode and screen-printing technology. The sensor consisted of a glucose oxidase (GOD) electrode and an amyloglucosidase(AG)/glucose oxidase electrode (AG electrode). The faradaic current of the electrode is dependent on the concentration of potassium ferricyanide(III), 100 mmol/L being optimum for the sensor response. The linear range of the system was up to 35 mmol/L glucose or 25 mmol/L maltose with coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 4.6% to 6.9%. The results obtained by using the enzyme electrode system agreed well with those obtained by the Fehling titration method.
Conical diffraction of a plane wave by an inclined parallel-plate grating (1997)

We present a rigorous differential method describing the conical diffraction of an electromagnetic plane wave by an inclined parallel-plate grating. Above and below the grating, the fields are written with the use of Rayleigh’s expansion. Inside the grating, Maxwell’s equations are used in covariant form, written in a nonorthogonal coordinate system. Therefore the expression of boundary conditions on the perfectly conducting walls as well as on the planes delimiting the grating becomes simplified. In the classical diffraction case the numerical results compared successfully with those obtained with a Wiener–Hopf method [IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.36, 1424 (1988)].
Distinct Subcellular Localization for Constitutive and Agonist-modulated Palmitoylation of the Human δ Opioid Receptor (2006)

Protein palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification that plays important roles for many proteins involved in signal transduction, but relatively little is known about the regulation of this modification and the cellular location where it occurs. We demonstrate that the human delta opioid receptor is palmitoylated at two distinct cellular locations in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and undergoes dynamic regulation at one of these sites. Although palmitoylation could be readily observed for the mature receptor (Mr 55,000), [3H]palmitate incorporation into the receptor precursor (Mr 45,000) could be detected only following transport blockade with brefeldin A, nocodazole, and monensin, indicating that the modification occurs initially during or shortly after export from the endoplasmic reticulum. Blocking of palmitoylation with 2-bromopalmitate inhibited receptor cell surface expression, indicating that it is needed for efficient intracellular transport. However, cell surface biotinylation experiments showed that receptors can also be palmitoylated once they have reached the plasma membrane. At this location, palmitoylation is regulated in a receptor activation-dependent manner, as was indicated by the opioid agonist-promoted increase in the turnover of receptor-bound palmitate. This agonist-mediated effect did not require receptor-G protein coupling and occurred at the cell surface without the need for internalization or recycling. The activation-dependent modulation of receptor palmitoylation may thus contribute to the regulation of receptor function at the plasma membrane.
Achieving supercomputer performance in a low pain environment (2002)

The hardware and software features of the MC3200 add-in board from Mercury Computer Systems are discussed. The MC3200 was designed to provide a balanced MIPS/MFLOPS engine while executing compute-intensive vector and scalar operations at high speeds. To obtain this balanced performance, the board comprises five key components: the FPU (floating-point unit), the IPU (integer processor unit), the PSU (program sequencer unit), program and data memory, and instruction cache. During a typical 100-ns clock cycle, the PSU collects an instruction from the 8K instruction cache and sends it to the IPU and FPU. The IPU uses its instructions to generate a memory address which brings a floating-point value from DRAM (dynamic RAM) and feeds the value to the FPU. The FPU loads the value into a data register and uses its three-stage pipeline and fmac instruction to provide the desired operation. The MC3200 has a C compiler and a Fortran 77 compiler and comes with an assembler. To assist in the area of debugging, the MC3200 has a disassembler and a powerful utility, called Interact. Interact serves as a subroutine and function-validating utility in which a programmer can set break points, peak and poke memory etc.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application specific tunneling protocol selection for Virtual Private Networks (2017)

The application scope of VPN is increasing day by day as the organizations are creating private networks through public Internet using VPN tunneling instead of leased line. VPN protocols are classified into site-to-site and remote access VPN which exhibits different set of characteristics in terms of security mechanism. But there is no VPN preferences based on the organizational application requirements. In this paper, different VPN tunneling protocols like GRE, IPSec, PPTP and L2TP with IPSec are analyzed to measure the performance in terms of throughput, RTT, Jitter and security parameters. The results exhibits that, GRE is preferable for delay and bandwidth sensitive application in context of site to site VPN and L2TP is more effective than PPTP for remote access VPN.
Analysis of Emergency Alert Services and Systems (2007)

The main objective of the paper is to present taxonomy of alert broadcasting services and systems. It starts with the backgrounds for emergency alert procedures and important definitions. Next, we propose classifications of alert broadcasting services and systems, followed by two case studies where system characteristics and supporting services are described in terms of the concepts proposed in the paper. Finally, the future direction of the alert service and system is presented. The paper will contribute as a reference to the development for emergency alert service standards for various broadcasting systems.
A Highly Efficient Conversionof Primary or Secondary Alcohols into Fluorides with <i>n</i>-Perfluorobutanesulfonyl Fluoride-Tetrabutylammonium Triphenyldifluorosilicate (2009)

Direct fluorination of primary and secondary alcohols by a combination of perfluoro-1-butanesulfonyl fluoride (PBSF) and tetrabutylammonium triphenyldifluorosilicate (TBAT) under mild conditions provides the corresponding fluorides in high yields. With this combination, elimination side reactions could be significantly suppressed and chiral secondary alcohols were less prone to epimerization at the reaction center.
“Plastic” lasers: Comparison of gain narrowing with a soluble semiconducting polymer in waveguides and microcavities (1997)

Gain narrowing and lasing from a soluble, highly photoluminescent conjugated polymer, poly(2-butyl, 5-(2′-ethyl-hexyl)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (BuEH-PPV), are compared using two resonant structures: planar waveguides and microcavities. The gain narrowing and lasing thresholds are comparable, 0.05–0.1 μJ (10 ns pulse focused to ∼1.5 mm). Gain narrowing is not observed in films on indium tin oxide (ITO) unless a cladding layer is placed between the BuEH-PPV and ITO. Single-mode microcavity lasers are obtained when a cavity resonance occurs at the wavelength where the gain of the polymer is maximum.
Somatic Excision of the Ac Transposable Element in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana after 5-Azacytidine Treatment (1997)

We have introduced the maize Ac transposable element in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that after three selfing generations, the element is immobile and extensively methylated. Moreover, the nopaline synthase (nos) gene present on the same transferred T-DNA, was active early after transformation and regeneration, but inactive in most of the S1 progeny. We used 5-azacytidine (5AzaC) to determine whether a reduction in the methylation would affect both Ac transposition and expression of the nos gene. After treatment with 5AzaC doses from 0.3 mM to 1.0 mM, approximately 25% of the plants produced detectable amounts of nopaline, indicating that the nos gene was reactivated. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the empty donor site left by Ac transposition, we demonstrated that 5AzaC also activates Ac excision in the transgenic plants. Approximately 13% of the 5AzaC treated plants (doses from 0.1 mM to 1.0 mM) were shown to have empty donor sites due to Ac excision. None of the plants cultivated in the absence of 5AzaC showed evidence for Ac transposition or reactivation of the nos gene. Further analysis using Southern blot indicate that some demethylation occurred in the genome of individual plants. These results may represent demethylation in few cells during development which may be sufficient to reactivate in these cells the expression of the nos and Ac transposase transgenes, the latter promoting Ac transposition in somatic cells.
Stoichiometry and Absolute Quantification of Proteins with Mass Spectrometry Using Fluorescent and Isotope-labeled Concatenated Peptide Standards (2007)

We have explored a general approach for the determination of absolute amounts and the relative stoichiometry of proteins in a mixture using fluorescence and mass spectrometry. We engineered a gene to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) with a synthetic fusion protein (GAB-GFP) in Escherichia coli to function as a spectroscopic standard for the quantification of an analogous stable isotope-labeled, non-fluorescent fusion protein (GAB*) and for the quantification and stoichiometric analysis of purified transducin, a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Both GAB-GFP and GAB* contain concatenated sequences of specific proteotypic peptides that are derived from the alpha, beta, and gamma protein subunits of transducin and that are each flanked by spacer regions that maintain the native proteolytic properties for these peptide fragments. Spectroscopic quantification of GAB-GFP provided a molar scale for mass spectrometric ratios from tryptic peptides of GAB* and defined molar responses for mass spectrometric signal intensities from a purified transducin complex. The stoichiometry of transducin subunits alpha, beta, and gamma was measured to be 1:1.1:1.15 over a 5-fold range of labeled internal standard with a relative standard deviation of 9%. Fusing a unique genetically coded spectroscopic signal element with concatenated proteotypic peptides provides a powerful method to accurately quantify and determine the relative stoichiometry of multiple proteins present in complexes or mixtures that cannot be readily assessed using classical gravimetric, enzymatic, or antibody-based technologies.
Synthesis of droop compensated pulse forming networks for generating flat top, high energy pulses into variable loads from pulsed transformers (2003)

It is shown that a flat-top, constant-power, long-output pulse can be obtained from a droop-compensated OFN (pulse forming network)-driven pulsed transformer. It is shown that such transformers are highly efficient, and seem particularly feasible for high-voltage, long-pulse applications. Examples are given for generating 100 GW, high-energy pulses (250-1000 kJ) into variable resistive loads from a 20 kV PFN.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FoxM1 Mediates Resistance to Herceptin and Paclitaxel (2010)

Inherent and acquired therapeutic resistance in breast cancer remains a major clinical challenge. In human breast cancer samples, overexpression of the oncogenic transcription factor FoxM1 has been suggested to be a marker of poor prognosis. In this study, we report that FoxM1 overexpression confers resistance to the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 monoclonal antibody Herceptin and microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel, both as single agents and in combination. FoxM1 altered microtubule dynamics to protect tumor cells from paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the tubulin-destabilizing protein Stathmin, whose expression also confers resistance to paclitaxel, is a direct transcriptional target of FoxM1. Significantly, attenuating FoxM1 expression by small interfering RNA or an alternate reading frame (ARF)-derived peptide inhibitor increased therapeutic sensitivity. Our findings indicate that targeting FoxM1 could relieve therapeutic resistance in breast cancer.
Half-open ruthenocenes derived from [Ru(C5Me5)Cl]4: syntheses, characterizations, and solid-state structures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHalf-open ruthenocenes derived from [Ru(C5Me5)Cl]4: syntheses, characterizations, and solid-state structuresWimonrat Trakarnpruk, Atta M. Arif, and Richard D. ErnstCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 4, 1686–1692Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00040a045https://doi.org/10.1021/om00040a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views177Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The origin of low thermal conductivity in Sn<sub>1−x</sub>Sb<sub>x</sub>Te: phonon scattering via layered intergrowth nanostructures (2016)

The spontaneous formation of nanodomains of the Sb-rich layered intergrowth Sn<sub>m</sub>Sb<sub>2n</sub>Te<sub>3n+m</sub> compounds in a SnTe matrix resulted in ultralow lattice thermal conductivity.
Time discrete, near infrared photoplethysmography (NIRP) for non-invasive investigation of the volume pulse in man. (1996)

These results show, that the values obtained with time discrete NIRP are highly reproducible and show an individual SD of less than 6.5% under steady state conditions. The linear relationship between time sequence and amplitude found in the present study has to be confirmed in further studies on patients with pathologies of the macro- and microcirculation.
Phosphate binders in uraemia: pharmacodynamics, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoethics (2002)

In the past nephrologists were aware that the hyperphosphataemia of advanced renal failure triggered hyperparathyroidism, but because only few patients die from skeletal problems, hyperphosphataemia was treated with benign neglect. The panorama has abruptly changed after evidence accrued suggesting that hyperphosphataemia has adverse cardiovascular consequences. In some observational studies w1x, but not consistently in all w2x, pre-dialysis serum P concentrations )6.5 mgudl were associated with a higher relative risk of cardiovascular death. Furthermore, with the availability of electronbeam-CT, a high prevalence of vascular, particularly coronary, calcification was noted in dialysed patients, which was progressive with time w3,4x. Furthermore, the group of London has shown that active wall stiffness is correlated to vascular calcification w5x. Vascular calcifications are presumably more than the result of passive precipitation of Ca and P, and under certain conditions vascular smooth muscle cells can even acquire, at least partially, an osteoblastic phenotype. Against this background, the control of serum phosphate concentration has obvious clinical importance. This issue has recently generated much interest, but problems persist both with respect to understanding the underlying pathomechanisms and translating novel insights into clinical practice. This brief editorial comment provides some background information and reflects our admittedly subjective thoughts on the principles guiding the selection of phosphate binders.
A docking system for REMUS, an autonomous underwater vehicle (2002)

The future of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) lies in making them affordable and easy to use. Ease of use must encompass not just the man-machine interface to the vehicle, but also address the requirements for vehicle launch and recovery. As long as ships and crews must be mobilized for each AUV mission, their utility will be limited. Development of a docking capability will allow these vehicles to remain on station as part of an autonomous ocean sampling network. This paper describes the docking system developed for REMUS (Remote Environmental Monitoring UnitS), a low cost AUV designed by the Oceanographic Systems Laboratory at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The paper discusses the solutions developed for enabling the vehicle to acoustically find and then home on the docking system; mechanically latching the vehicle to the dock; electro-mechanical techniques for power and data transfer from the docking system to the vehicle; remote data download from the vehicle and mission upload to the vehicle; and in situ battery recharge without opening the vehicle housing. Results from successful tests of the system are discussed.
The Life-History of Osmia Lignaria and O. Cordata, with Notes on O. Conjuncta1 (1937)

Both Osmia lignaria Say and Osmia cor data Robertson are present in the St. Louis region in fair abundance. Both species have a short adult life, and both appear early in the spring. They are not, however, contemporaneous, but the cordata follow close upon the heels of lignaria. Both species have the habit of appropriating for their own nesting activities the abandoned burrows of other insects, which they first clean, and later partition into small rooms. There is diversity in the habits of the two species, however, in the kind of materials which they gather for partitions and plugs, for O. lignaria confines her choice to mud while O. cordata uses a leaf-paste.
A single observation passive location algorithm based on phase-difference and Doppler frequency rate of change (2008)

The single observation passive location is the technique used by a single observation to determine the position and velocity of an emitter from the electromagnetic wave emitted by a target. The key point is how to obtain the position and the velocity of the emitter with high speed and precision. Up to now, two popular passive location methods have been put forward. They are Bearing-only (BO) and phase-difference rate of change (PRC) respectively. With adding the information of phase-difference rate of change, the latter performs distinctly better in the precision and the speed than the former. However, the PRC method has a bad performance and high requirement for the initial value when obtaining the position and the velocity simultaneously. This paper proposes a location and tracing algorithm based on the information of phase-difference, phase-difference rate of change and Doppler frequency rate of change. The algorithm can be used to estimate not only the position and the velocity of the fixed emitter, but also those of the moving single observation and target. The observability conditions and the error of the algorithm (called PFRC) are analyzed. Moreover, the simulation based on Extend Kalman Filter (EKF) shows that PFRC is superior in precision and speed.
Focused Crawling by Learning HMM from User's Topic-specific Browsing (2005)

A focused crawler is designed to traverse the Web to gather documents on a specific topic. It is not an easy task to predict which links lead to good pages. In this paper, we present a new approach for prediction of the important links to relevant pages based on a learned user model. In particular, we first collect pages that a user visits during a learning session, where the user browses the Web and specifically marks which pages she is interested in. We then examine the semantic content of these pages to construct a concept graph, which is used to learn the dominant content and link structure leading to target pages using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Experiments show that with learned HMM from a user's browsing, the crawling performs better than Best-First strategy.