gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multispectral ultraviolet fluorescence lidar for environmental monitoring (1995)

We describe a multispectral ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence laser remote sensing system developed to detect and identify airborne pollutants. The system uses a UV laser source that is continuously tunable from 250 to 400 nm in conjunction with a database of fluorescence signatures and multivariate analysis algorithms to obtain species concentrations from multispectral UV fluorescence measurements. As presently configured, the system is designed to operate with sequentially transmitted laser wavelengths between 250 and 400 nm at a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz and is designed to map chemical concentrations with a range resolution of approximately 1 m. We describe the optical detection, associated data acquisition and control electronics, and tunable UV laser transmitter. We also describe a unique software package used for instrument setup and control. Based on sensitivity calculations, 1 ppm-m of toluene can be detected at a range of approximately 2.0 km with a range resolution of 1 m and a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 3.
Adaptive Contention Resolution for VoIP Services in the IEEE 802.16 Networks (2007)

In the IEEE 802.16 networks, a subscriber station can use the contention slots to send bandwidth requests to the base station. The contention resolution mechanism is controlled by the backoff start/end values and a number of the request transmission opportunities. These parameters are set by the base station and are announced to subscriber stations in the management messages. In the case of the VoIP services, it is critical that the contention resolution occurs within the specified time interval to meet the VoIP QoS requirements. Thus, it is the responsibility of the base station to set correct contention resolution parameters to ensure the QoS requirements. This paper presents analytical calculations for the parameters that control the contention resolution process in the IEEE 802.16 WiMAX networks. The simulation results confirm the correctness of theoretical calculations. They also reveal that the adaptive parameter tuning results in a better resource utilization when compared to the static configuration. At the same time, all the delay requirements are ensured.
Protamine-induced permeabilization of cell envelopes of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (1997)

The inhibitory effect of the cationic peptide protamine on Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Shewanella putrefaciens has been studied in detail. The addition of protamine (10 to 1,000 micrograms/ml) resulted in inhibition of oxygen consumption after less than 1 min and loss of intracellular carboxyfluorescein and ATP after 2 to 5 min. Maximum antibacterial activity was reached at alkaline pH and in the absence of divalent cations. The efficient permeabilization of cell envelopes of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria suggests that protamine causes a general disruption of the cell envelope, leading to a rapid and nonspecific efflux of low- and high-molecular-weight compounds.
KMS: a key management system for multi-provider interconnected Wi-Fi WLANs (2005)

The fundamental goal in future mobile multiservice networks is to provide an efficient mobile computing environment which enables a user with a portable computer equipped with multiple wireless access interfaces to move seamlessly between different providers' networks. In particular, if these networks are Wi-Fi WLANs (wireless fidelity wireless local area networks), security features should be defined precisely taking into account seamless roaming. The paper considers one of the most critical security issues in Wi-Fi networks -key management. We propose a centralized approach to deal with key management in the case of an interconnection of remoted Wi-Fi networks based on using a key management server. Security goals and system architecture guidelines are outlined. In respect to the IEEE 802.11i standard, the changing of keys requires only 3 messages and the roaming situation allows the establishment of a new secure 802.11 wireless channel by exchanging only 5 messages against at least 20 messages.
Slow-wave sleep estimation on a load-cell-installed bed: a non-constrained method (2009)

Polysomnography (PSG) involves simultaneous and continuous monitoring of relevant normal and abnormal physiological activity during sleep. At present, an electroencephalography-based rule is generally used for classifying sleep stages. However, scoring the PSG record is quite laborious and time consuming. In this paper, movement and cardiac activity were measured unobtrusively by a load-cell-installed bed, and sleep was classified into two stages: slow-wave sleep and non-slow-wave sleep. From the measured cardiac activity, we extracted heartbeat data and calculated heart rate variability parameters: standard deviation of R-R intervals SDNN, low frequency-to-high frequency ratio, alpha of detrended fluctuation analysis and correlation coefficient of R-R interval. The developed system showed a substantial concordance with PSG results when compared using a contingency test. The mean epoch-by-epoch agreement between the proposed method and PSG was 92.5% and Cohen's kappa was 0.62.
Review of Variable-Rate Sprayer Applications Based on Real- Time Sensor Technologies (2018)

Precision variable rate spray is one of the research hotspots in the field of modern agriculture spraying applications. Variable rate spraying of the canopy allows growers to apply adjusted volume rate of pesticides to the target, based on canopy size, and to apply plant protection products in an economical and environmentally sound manner. In the field of pesticide application, knowledge of the geometrical characteristics of plantations will guarantee a better adjustment of the dosage of the agrochemicals applied. This technology is integrated with intelligent real-time sensors, which have a high potential for agricultural precision spray applications. This book chapter presents the foundations and applications in agriculture of the primary systems used for real-time spray target detection of the geometrical characterization of tree plantations. Systems based on infrared, ultrasonic, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and stereo vision sensors were discussed, respectively, on their performances to detect spray targets. Among them, laser scanners and stereo vision systems are probably the most promising and complementary techniques for achieving three-dimensional (3D) pictures and maps of plants and canopies. The advantages of data fusion applied in real-time target detection and its accuracy in density estimation of the plants were stressed.
Implementation of Virtual Dynamic Personal Cluster (2008)

It has been common idea to run a big job or batch jobs by stealing idle CPU cycles of some workstations. The motivation for this scenario is based on the fact that most of network workstation's CPU cycles are idle, even during peak hours. But actually, it is so difficult work for a common PC user that he has to spend many hours or days to run his tasks or batch jobs on one PC. The most important thing is to develop a middleware or software tools to help a personal user build his own small non-dedicated cluster by collecting some idle PCs on a LAN. The cluster can be built, managed, used and released by a personal user. So it is a personal cluster and can run his computationally intensive parallel program or batch job during some temporary time. In this paper, we introduce such a non-dedicated cluster prototype which is called virtual dynamic personal cluster (VDPC). We presented the cluster architecture, computing mode, related components and constructing rules. The queue theory was used to argue that the system can prove the jobs mean response time. The implementation of the cluster working prototype was described in detail. The results of experiments show that the cluster is the helpful computing mode for a personal user on a LAN if the correct strategies and purpose are chosen.
Syntheses of Some Arylamino- and Arylguanidinopyrimidines (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyntheses of Some Arylamino- and ArylguanidinopyrimidinesDOLLY ROY, SUDHAMOY GHOSH, and B. C. GUHACite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 11, 1909–1912Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01081a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01081a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Antilung cancer effect of WT1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (2002)

We and other groups have recently reported that CTLs that specifically recognize a peptide derived from WT1 lyse leukemia cells in a HLA class I-restricted manner. Because WT1 is expressed in various solid tumors as well as in leukemic cells, we investigated whether WT1-specific CTLs can also inhibit the growth of lung cancer by examining their cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell lines in vitro and their inhibitory effect on the growth of human lung cancer cells engrafted into nude mice. The WT1 transcript was detected in most of the lung cancer cell lines examined. A WT1-specific, HLA-A24-restricted CTL clone (designated TAK-1) exhibited cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell lines bearing HLA-A24 but did not lyse cells lacking this HLA. This suggests that the target antigen for TAK-1 on HLA-A24-positive lung cancer cells is the naturally processed WT1 peptide. Adoptive transfer of TAK-1 into nude mice that had been engrafted with a HLA-A24-positive lung cancer cell line resulted in inhibition of cancer cell growth and prolonged survival. These findings strongly suggest that WT1 is a universal tumor-associated antigen and that WT1-targeting immunotherapy offers a potentially effective treatment option for lung cancer as well as leukemia.
Demo abstract: Human-CoAP interaction with Copper (2011)

We introduce `Copper', a generic browser for the Internet of Things based on the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). Current estimates foresee that the number of networked embedded devices encompassed by the Internet of Things will be vast. Additionally, most systems will be optimized for the constrained environment with its limited energy and bandwidth. These factors make it difficult for users to observe and control the devices. Thus, a major problem will be node and network management, as experienced before in large wireless sensor network deployments. By adopting well-known patterns from the Web, such as browsing, bookmarking, and linking, we provide a user-friendly management tool for networked embedded devices. By integrating it into the Web browser, we allow for intuitive interaction and a presentation layer that is originally missing in the CoAP protocol suite.
Experimental vaccine against Pseudomonas pseudomallei infections in captive cetaceans (1988)

The antibody response to an experimental acellular Pseudomonas pseudomallei vaccine was evaluated by Enzyme Immunoassay in captive cetaceans at Ocean Park, Hong Kong. The vaccine preparation consisted of a protein-polysaccharide (1:3) mixture with trace nucleic acids and no 2-keto-3deoxyoctonate. An initial dosage of 500 yg carbohydrate for newly arrived dolphins Tursiops aduncus and false killer whales Pseudorca crassidensin 1987 and 1 mg carbohydrate for other long-term resident animals (1983 to 1988) followed by 500 yg boosters at ca 6 to 10 wk intervals for all animals maintained high specific antibody levels. Mortality due to melioidosis was reduced over a 5 yr period from 45 O/o to less than 1 %.
FIRST-TRIMESTER URINE FREE BETA hCG, BETA CORE, AND TOTAL OESTRIOL IN PREGNANCIES AFFECTED BY DOWN'S SYNDROME: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRST-TRIMESTER SCREENING WITH NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY AND SERUM FREE BETA hCG (1997)

We have examined maternal urine concentrations of beta core, free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and total oestriol in 373 control pregnancies and 43 pregnancies affected by aneuploidy (including 22 cases of Down's syndrome) in an attempt to see if any of the analytes have a value in Down's syndrome screening between the tenth and 14th week of pregnancy. We have compared the performance of these analytes against nuchal translucency measurement combined with maternal serum free beta hCG at the same period of pregnancy. Our results show that levels of urine free beta hCG and beta core are increased in Down's syndrome with average multiple of the median levels of 1.81 and 2.91, respectively. Urine total oestriol was reduced (0.83) whilst maternal serum free beta hCG was increased (1.72). In trisomy 18 the levels of all analytes were reduced, although serum free beta hCG was the most discriminating. The spread of results in the control and the Down's group for urine beta core was more than three times than that for serum free beta hCG and with urine free beta hCG it was two times wider. In combination with maternal age, urine total oestriol had a 32 per cent detection rate at a fixed 5 per cent false-positive rate; urine beta core 34 per cent, urine free beta hCG 36 per cent, maternal serum free beta hCG 44 per cent, and nuchal translucency 82 per cent. In combination with nuchal translucency, urine total oestriol added an extra 1 per cent detection, urine beta core an extra 2 per cent, urine free beta hCG an extra 3 per cent, and serum free beta hCG an extra 5 per cent. It is unlikely that any of the urine markers will be of value in first-trimester screening. Optimal first-trimester screening programmes will rely for the foreseeable future on nuchal translucency, serum free beta hCG, and possibly pregnancy-associated plasma protein A.
Localization of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadherence-accessory proteins HMW1 and HMW4 in the cytoskeletonlike Triton shell (1991)

The location of the cytadherence-accessory high-molecular weight proteins 1 and 4 (HMW1/4) within Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells has been studied by both biochemical and electron microscopic techniques. Peptide mapping studies demonstrated that HMW1/4 share almost identical peptide profiles, suggesting that the two proteins are structurally related. Examination of thin sections of M. pneumoniae with antibodies to HMW1/4 and colloidal gold particles revealed distinct labeling of the filamentous extensions of the mycoplasma cells. Labeling was absent on thin sections of a cytadherence-deficient variant lacking HMW1/4. HMW1/4 partitioned in the detergent-insoluble fraction following Triton X-100 extraction, and analysis by sucrose density gradient centrifugation suggested that HMW1/4 are part of a high-molecular-weight, multiprotein complex. These results were confirmed by immunogold labeling of Triton X-100-extracted M. pneumoniae cells incubated with antibodies to HMW1/4: gold particles bound in specific clusters to detergent-insoluble filaments. Finally, immunogold labeling of whole cells revealed that HMW1/4 are exposed on the cell surface, although to a lesser degree than on the cell interior. These findings indicate that HMW1/4 are membrane proteins associated with the cytoskeletonlike triton shell of M. pneumoniae and localized primarily in the filamentous extensions of the mycoplasma cells.
Association of serum angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and angiopoietin-2 to angiopoietin-1 ratio with heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction (2013)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the serum angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and Ang-2 levels and the Ang-2 to Ang-1 ratio (Ang-2/Ang-1) with heart failure (HF) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during hospitalization. The serum Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels of the AMI patients were measured at admission to hospital. The correlations between serum Ang-1, Ang-2 and Ang-2/Ang-1 with HF were examined. Among 103 patients, 20 developed HF during hospitalization. The serum Ang-2 level and Ang-2/Ang-1 were found to be significantly higher in the patients with HF than in the patients without HF (2,203.1±122.0 vs. 2,102.3±114.4 pg/ml, P=0.001 and 11.4±1.6×10(-2) vs. 10.6±1.1×10(-2), P=0.007, respectively). Serum Ang-2 level and Ang-2/Ang-1 were negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; r=-0.352, P<0.001 and r=-0.365, P<0.001, respectively) and positively correlated with the natural logarithm of the level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (LnNT-proBNP, r=0.367, P<0.001 and r=0.304, P=0.003, respectively) and peak cardiac troponin T (cTnT, r=0.421, P<0.001 and r=0.278, P=0.009, respectively). However, the serum Ang-1 level was not found to correlate significantly with LVEF (r= 0.194, P= 0.05), LnNT-proBNP (r=-0.116, P=0.266) or peak cTnT (r=-0.056, P=0.607). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, Ang-2 (P=0.031), Ang-2/Ang-1 (P=0.018) and NT-proBNP (P=0.001) were revealed to be independently associated with HF. The present study reveals that Ang-2 levels and Ang-2/Ang-1 are independent predictors of HF in AMI patients during hospitalization.
Effect of Exogenous Potassium on the Reduction in Tar, Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide Deliveries in the Mainstream Smoke of Cigarettes (1990)

Abstract Deliveries of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide in mainstream smoke decreased as the exogenous-potassium content of tobacco increased. The puff count was almost unchanged with added potassium malate, but slightly decreased with added nitrate. Potassium malate was more effective than the nitrate for the reduction of carbon monoxide, whereas the opposite was observed in the case of nicotine. Both the exogenous and the endogenous potassium contents influenced the reduction of carbon-monoxide delivery through a decrease in the peak temperature of the burning cone. The pungency and off-taste peculiar to the tobacco were eliminated to some extent by the addition of potassium malate at levels less than 2 % expressed as potassium.
Decision Maker using Coupled Incompressible-Fluid Cylinders (2015)

The multi-armed bandit problem (MBP) is the problem of finding, as accurately and quickly as possible, the most profitable option from a set of options that gives stochastic rewards by referring to past experiences. Inspired by fluctuated movements of a rigid body in a tug-of-war game, we formulated a unique search algorithm that we call the `tug-of-war (TOW) dynamics' for solving the MBP efficiently. The cognitive medium access, which refers to multi-user channel allocations in cognitive radio, can be interpreted as the competitive multi-armed bandit problem (CMBP); the problem is to determine the optimal strategy for allocating channels to users which yields maximum total rewards gained by all users. Here we show that it is possible to construct a physical device for solving the CMBP, which we call the `TOW Bombe', by exploiting the TOW dynamics existed in coupled incompressible-fluid cylinders. This analog computing device achieves the `socially-maximum' resource allocation that maximizes the total rewards in cognitive medium access without paying a huge computational cost that grows exponentially as a function of the problem size.
Thin-Layer Chromatography Combined with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThin-Layer Chromatography Combined with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass SpectrometryArkady I. Gusev, Andrew. Proctor, Yakov I. Rabinovich, and David M. HerculesCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 11, 1805–1814Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00107a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00107a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views480Altmetric-Citations73LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cancer cachexia (2011)

Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by weight loss, anorexia, asthenia and anemia. The pathogenicity of this syndrome is multifactorial, due to a complex interaction of tumor and host factors. The signs and symptoms of cachexia are considered as the prognostic parameters in cancer patients. This review gives an emphasis on the various mechanisms involved in cachexia and an insight into head and neck cancer cachexia.
The nature of reaction wood. VII. Lignification in reaction wood (1963)

Lignification of reaction wood, caused to form in the stems of seedlings of Trisrania conferta K.Br., Grevillea robusta A.Cunn., Eucalyptus botryoides Sm., E. Melliodora A.Cunn. ex Schau., Hakea laurina R.Br., and Liquidambar styraciflua L., has been investigated with the use of ultraviolet microscopy and staining techniques. The polarizing microscope was used in a supplementary study of cell wall structure. The "gelatinous" layer of reaction wood fibres undergoes lignification, the extent depending on whether the fibres are located in the middle or on the edges of areas of reaction wood. There is evidence for the diffusion outwards into the "gelatinous" layer of breakdown products of cell protoplasts. As the growing season advances, there is a progressive reduction in the number of cambium cells dividing to form reaction wood fibres. This process reaches its maximum expression in the deciduous species Liquidambar styraciflua, where there is a complete change-over to the production of normal cells at the end of the growing season. The anatomical features of three areas of reaction wood caused to form in stems of Tristania conferta and Eucalyptus melliodora by orientating horizontally growing plants twice through 180° are described. They further emphasize the importance of the location of individual reaction wood cells in the stem in determining the structure of their walls and the pattern of wall lignification. The results of staining sections for the enzyme peroxidase with benzidinehydrogen peroxide are described. They point to the need for closer investigation by direct methods of enzyme isolation and estimation.