gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architecture considerations in merging multi-vendor WDM rings for the MONET Washington D.C. network (2003)

The architecture of the MONET Washington W.C. area multivendor network resulting from merging wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) rings was analyzed and designed. Connectivity, protection capabilities, and system interoperability were the main considerations for comparison amongst the candidate architectures.
Analytical Methods for Detection of Selected Estrogenic Compounds in Aqueous Mixtures (1999)

Both natural estrogens and synthetic compounds that mimic estrogen can reach the aquatic environment through wastewater discharges. Because nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPE), 17β-estradiol (E2), and ethynylestradiol (EE2) have previously been found to be estrogenic and to occur in wastewater effluents, they were the primary analytes for which the method was developed. Water samples were extracted in situ using solid-phase extraction disks. Analytes were separated by high-pressure liquid chromatography and detected by fluorescence or competitive radioimmunoassay (RIA). Method detection limits (MDLs) using HPLC with fluorescence detection were 11, 2, and 52 ng/L of water for NP, OP, and NPE, respectively. The RIA MDLs for E2 and EE2 were 107 and 53 pg/L, respectively. Samples were collected from four municipal wastewater treatment plants in south central Michigan, eight locations on the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River, MI, and five locations in Lake Mead, NV. Concentrations of NP and OP ranged from less than the MDL to 37 and 0.7 μg/L, respectively. NPE concentrations ranged from less than the MDL to 332 μg/L. Concentrations of E2 and EE2 ranged from less than the MDLs to 3.7 and 0.8 ng/L, respectively.
Autoantibody depletion ameliorates disease in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2013)

Much data support a role for central nervous system antigen-specific antibodies in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The effects of inducing a decrease in (auto)antibody levels on MS or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) through specific blockade of FcRn, however, remain unexplored. We recently developed engineered antibodies that lower endogenous IgG levels by competing for binding to FcRn. These Abdegs ("antibodies that enhance IgG degradation") can be used to directly assess the effect of decreased antibody levels in inflammatory diseases. In the current study, we show that Abdeg delivery ameliorates disease in an EAE model that is antibody dependent. Abdegs could therefore have promise as therapeutic agents for MS.
The oil industry response to the challenge of fuel cells (1999)

This article reviews the history of oil industry involvement with fuel cells, and assesses the impact of the technology on the industry's traditional products and markets. This will include both threats and opportunities arising from the commercialisation of fuel cells. The most likely fuels for fuel cells are discussed, including their advantages, disadvantages and requirements. The current status of oil industry activities in fuel cell technology is also considered, and how the industry could hasten its commercialisation.
Argon Triple-Point Device to Calibrate Long-Stem Thermometers in Quasi-Adiabatic Conditions (2003)

An argon triple‐point apparatus has been fabricated to calibrate long‐stem SPRTs (Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers) in quasi‐adiabatic conditions. The detailed description of this apparatus is given below. The results obtained and a comparison with a system realizing the argon triple point using a continuous heat flux method are presented.
Role of Estrogen in the Treatment of Depression (2002)

The role of estrogen in the treatment of depression is reviewed. The relation is examined in studies of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with depressed mood, in studies of depressive disorders, and in studies of estrogen as an adjunct to antidepressant medication. The literature has many methodologic shortcomings, including combining women of various ages, failure to confirm life stage, the use of different types of estrogens, the inclusion of women with a range of mood disturbances, and the enrollment of women with concurrent psychiatric illness. There are few controlled evaluations of the use of estrogen to supplement ongoing antidepressant treatment. Estrogen alone seems to be beneficial for improving mood in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Estrogen is superior to placebo for reproductive-related mood disorders, including postpartum depression and mild depressive disorders during perimenopause. Replication is necessary, especially in moderate to severe levels of major depression. Estrogen may augment antidepressant treatment. Assessment and treatment implications are discussed.
Plasma protein biomarkers enhance the clinical prediction of kidney injury recovery in patients undergoing liver transplantation (2014)

These data suggest that plasma protein profiles might improve the prediction of pre-LT kidney injury recovery after LT. However, multicenter, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and ultimately test the value of such protein panels in perioperative management and decision making.
Psychogenic alopecia in cats: 11 cases (1993–1996) (1999)

Environmental stress may initiate or exacerbate PA in cats. Drug treatment, environmental modification, or both may be useful in treatment of affected cats.
Therapeutic Vaccine for Lymphoma (2007)

The unique antigenic determinants (Idiotype [Id]) of the immunoglobulin expressed on a given B-cell malignancy can serve as a tumor-specific antigen for active immunotherapy. Therapeutic vaccines targeting the tumor-specific idiotype have demonstrated promising results against lymphomas in phase I/II studies and are currently being evaluated in phase III randomized trials. Additional vaccine therapies being developed include those based on DNA, dendritic cells, gene-modified tumor cells. It is hoped that immunotherapeutic agents, used in tandem or in combination, may in the future allow effective treatment of lymphoid malignancies and delay or even replace the need for conventional cytotoxic therapies.
Investigation of Mn-doped sodium-potassium niobate ((K,Na)NbO <sub>3</sub> ) ceramics by EPR and impedance spectroscopic methods (2016)

ABSTRACTThe effects of Mn-doping on the conductivity and the oxidation state were investigated for (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics with stoichiometric, and 2 mol % A-site and B-site excess compositions. From electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and impedance spectroscopy we found that Mn is located at the Nb-site with the oxidation state 2+ and, due to the generation of oxygen vacancies, Mn-doping reduces the conductivity in (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics.
Properties of Synthetic Spider Silk Fibers Based on Argiope aurantia MaSp2 (2008)

Spiders have evolved a complex system of silk producing glands. Each of the glands produces silk with strength and elasticity tailored to its biological purpose. Sequence analysis of the major ampullate silk reveals four highly conserved concatenated blocks of amino acids: (GA) n , A n , GPGXX, and GGX. While the GPGXX motif, which has been hypothesized to be responsible for the extensibility of the fiber, displays natural variation in its precise sequence arrangement and content, correlating these differences with particular fiber properties has been difficult. Three genetic constructs based on the Argiope aurantia sequence were engineered to progressively increase the number of GPGXX repeats in a head-to-tail assembly prior to interruption by another motif. Circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of synthetic spider silk spin dopes show secondary structures that correspond to an increase in the repeat number of GPGXX regions and an increase in the extensibility of synthetically spun recombinant fibers.
Adaptive Inverse Induction Machine Control Based on Variable Learning Rate BP Algorithm (2007)

The adaptive inverse control technology is utilized for induction machine (IM) control. Adaptive inverse control is actually an open-loop control scheme and so in the adaptive inverse control the instability problem caused by feedback control is avoided and the better dynamic performances can also be achieved. Linear LMS technique of adaptive inverse control is extended to control the MIMO, nonlinear IM based on BP neural network. And the BP algorithm is improved by using variable learning rate. Simulation study is made to validate the effectiveness of the control scheme.
Induction of Drought Tolerance in Cucumber Plants by a Consortium of Three Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Strains (2012)

Our previous work showed that a consortium of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) strains (Bacillus cereus AR156, Bacillus subtilis SM21, and Serratia sp. XY21), termed as BBS for short, was a promising biocontrol agent. The present study investigated its effect on drought tolerance in cucumber plants. After withholding watering for 13 days, BBS-treated cucumber plants had much darker green leaves and substantially lighter wilt symptoms than control plants. Compared to the control, the BBS treatment decreased the leaf monodehydroascorbate (MDA) content and relative electrical conductivity by 40% and 15%, respectively; increased the leaf proline content and the root recovery intension by 3.45-fold and 50%, respectively; and also maintained the leaf chlorophyll content in cucumber plants under drought stress. Besides, in relation to the control, the BBS treatment significantly enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and mitigated the drought-triggered down-regulation of the expression of the genes cAPX, rbcL, and rbcS encoding cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxy/oxygenase (Rubisco) large and small subunits, respectively, in cucumber leaves. However, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity was undetected in none of the culture solutions of three BBS constituent strains. These results indicated that BBS conferred induced systemic tolerance to drought stress in cucumber plants, by protecting plant cells, maintaining photosynthetic efficiency and root vigor and increasing some of antioxidase activities, without involving the action of ACC deaminase to lower plant ethylene levels.
Detection of antibodies to phospholipase B in patients infected with<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (2004)

Secreted phospholipases are virulence factors of several fungi, including Cryptococcus neoformans. We describe for the first time the detection by ELISA of antibodies to cryptococcal phospholipase B in the serum of patients infected with C. neoformans or C. gattii. Sixty-nine sera from 25 patients with cryptococcosis, 23 patients with Candida infections and 26 with bacterial or viral infections were tested. The sensitivity of the ELISA in patients with cryptococcosis was 100% in immunocompetent hosts and 64.3% in immunosuppressed patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Absorbance readings were significantly higher in immunocompetent patients (P<0.001). Titres remained positive for up to 2 years. Positive results were noted in 10 episodes of invasive candidiasis, three patients colonised with Candida, and three cases of bacterial infection. Mean absorbance readings were significantly lower in patients with bacterial infection (P <0.001). We conclude that phospholipase B is produced in vivo during cryptococcal infection and that serum phospholipase B antibodies are a sensitive marker of present or past infection. Cross-reactivity of the ELISA with sera from patients with candidiasis indicates that common epitopes are present on cryptococcal and candidal phospholipase B, hence fungal phospholipase B may constitute a new therapeutic target.
Effect of Mutant Genotypes hp ogc and dg ogc on Tomato Fruit Quality (1985)

Abstract The mutant genotypes high-pigment/crimson ( hp og c ) and dark-green/crimson ( dg og c ) were evaluated for their effect on tomato fruit quality. Mature green fruit from the mutant genotypes had 2 to 3 times the amount of chlorophyll in the pericarp and mesocarp tissue as their genetically related but normal counterparts or the control ‘Flora-Dade’. Fruit of the mutant lines were firmer than ‘Flora-Dade’ or their normal counterparts at the mature green stage, as well as when fully ripe. The mutant genotypes conditioned an intense red color in the ripe fruit; the result of a 2-fold increase in carotenoid pigments, especially the red pigment lycopene. Ripe fruit of the mutant genotypes were higher in ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and beta-carotene (Provitamin A) than normal, but they were slightly lower in total soluble solids. There were no significant differences in pH, alcohol insoluble solids, or total pectin among normal or mutant genotypes. Enzyme analyses showed higher polygalacturonase and β-galactosidase activity in the mutant genotypes than ‘Flora-Dade’ or the normal counterparts. Line T4077 dg og c had significantly less activity for these 2 enzymes than line T3995 hp og c . The dg og c line also had less activity for pectinesterase and invertase than any of the other lines, including its normal counterpart. The 2 mutant genotypes had similar effects on fruit quality characteristics. A sensory panel (n = 48) indicated no significant taste preference differences among the 5 lines.
Genetic characterization of new West African simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm: geographic clustering of household-derived SIV strains with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtypes and genetically diverse viruses from a single feral sooty mangabey troop (1996)

It has been proposed that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) that are natural infections of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys). To test this hypothesis, SIVs from eight sooty mangabeys, including six new viruses from West Africa, were genetically characterized. gag and env sequences showed that while the viruses of all eight sooty mangabeys belonged to the SIVsm/HIV-2 family, each was widely divergent from SIVs found earlier in captive monkeys at American primate centers. In two SIVs from sooty mangabeys discovered about 100 miles (ca. 161 Km) from each other in rural West Africa, the amino acids of a conserved gag p17-p26 region differed by 19.3%, a divergence greater than that in four of five clades of HIV-2 and in SIVs found in other African monkey species. Analysis of gag region sequences showed that feral mangabeys in one small troop harbored four distinct SIVs. Three of the newly found viruses were genetically divergent, showing as much genetic distance from each other as from the entire SIVsm/HIV-2 family. Sequencing and heteroduplex analysis of one feral animal-derived SIV showed a mosaic genome containing an env gene that was homologous with other feral SIVsm env genes in the troop but having a gag gene from another, distinct SIV. Surprisingly a gag phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequences showed that the African relatives closest to all three household-derived SIVs were HIV-2 subtypes D and E from humans in the same West African areas. In one case, the SIV/HIV-2 cluster was from the same village. The findings support the hypothesis that each HIV-2 subtype in West Africans originated from widely divergent SIVsm strains, transmitted by independent cross-species events in the same geographic locations.
Enhancing the Translation of Disaster Health Competencies Into Practice (2014)

The proposed series of minor modifications to the framework should allow for consistent classification of competency sets. Improved education and training of all health professionals is a necessary step to ensuring that health system responders are appropriately and adequately primed for their role in disasters. Revising the organizing framework should assist disaster health educators in selecting competencies appropriate to their learning audience and identify gaps in current education and training.
A Facile System for Genetic Incorporation of Two Different Noncanonical Amino Acids into One Protein in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2010)

Two's company: Using a wild-type or evolved PylRS-pylTUUA pair to suppress ochre mutation and an evolved MjTyrRS-Mj pair to suppress amber mutation, two different noncanonical amino acids (NAAs) have been concomitantly incorporated into one protein in E. coli with high efficiency (see picture, with NAAs 1–4; GFP=green-fluorescent protein). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
An Expert System For Diagnosis In Traditional Chinese Medicine (1986)

An expert system is being developed for diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine. This system empolys both deductive and differential reasonings. In addition, randomization is added to the system for the selection of hypotheses and production rules. This helps in improving systems performance and flexibility.
Role of the stratosphere on the predictability of medium‐range weather forecast: A case study of winter 2003–2004 (2008)

The role of the stratosphere on the predictability of medium‐range weather forecast during the northern hemisphere winter is examined using numerical experiments with a middle atmosphere climate model of the Meteorological Research Institute. It is found that in the winter of 2003/04 when the stratosphere exhibited a large variability called the Polar‐night Jet Oscillation (PJO), the predictability of the model tended to be very good for large‐scale zonal variability if the prediction is performed just before the occurrence of stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs). The role of the stratosphere is examined by comparing experiments for the 2002/03 year and using the model with and without the stratosphere included. The results of the study suggest that taking account of the role of stratospheric variability (PJO) is crucial for improving the predictability of medium‐range weather forecast in certain winters.
A Public-Private Approach to Public Safety Communications: The best way to make rapid and affordable progress in implementing the government's FirstNet plan is to start by taking advantage of the existing commercial infrastructure. (2013)

After the tragic bombing at the Boston marathon, Boston’s cellular networks instantly filled with calls. One company spokeswoman had to publicly plead with its customers “to use text or email to free up voice capacity for public safety officials at the scene. In other words, this nation allocates resources that are critical for emergency response through use of plaintive press releases. U.S. public safety agencies do have the alternative of using their own communications systems, although most of today’s public safety systems are based on pre-Internet, pre-cellular technology that does not meet the needs or expectations of today’s emergency responders.
A Quantitative Situational Awareness Model of Pilot (2014)

The pilot’s situational awareness (SA) mainly depends on the perception, understanding and prediction of the information obtained from the man-machine display interface, therefore there is an intrinsic link between the display interface design and the level of pilot’s SA. A quantitative SA model, which considers the influence of information importance on SA, the characteristics of human cognition and the Bayesian conditional probability theory, was proposed based on the attention allocation model built previously. This model was expected to be used to predict the pilot’s SA levels under different task conditions. In order to verify the validity of the SA model, 20 volunteers were recruited to perform the instrument supervision tasks in four kinds of task, at the same time, Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGTA), 3-dimensional Situational Awareness Rating Technique (3-D SART), and eye movement measurement were adopted for the evaluation of SAs. The experimental results reveal that, the SAGAT is the most effective approach to measure the level 2 SA, showing that the correct rate of SAGAT has the most similar changing trend with the task performance, and the SA model is validated since the changing trend of SA predicted by the model is highly correlated with the measurement indices.
Review of Quantitative and Automated Needle Electromyographic Analyses (1981)

Conventional clinical electromyography involves subjective interpretation of the signal recorded from human muscle. A variety of recognition techniques have been applied to obtain objective quantitative tmeasures. This paper reviews the evolution of analytic techniques applied to the electromyogram. Included are a discussion of motor unit action potentials (amplitude, duration, and shape), their identification and interaction within an interference pattern, and application of mathematical modeling techniques to the analysis of complex interference patterns. The clinical applications of current electromyographic analyses are summarized.
A CMOS RF Programmable Gain Amplifier Using Current Mirror Method for Digital TV Tuner Applications (2010)

In this letter, a highly linear 1.22GHz current mirror based differential RF programmable gain amplifier (RFPGA) for digital TV tuner applications is proposed and implemented using 0.18-µm CMOS process. The fabricated RFPGA shows a maximum power gain of 9dB, an OIP3 of 23.5dBm, and an accurate dB-linear discrete gain step control while consuming 36mA from a 1.8-V supply voltage.
Stereoselective Synthesis of α,β-Diamino Nitriles from Amino Acids (1994)

α-Amino acids 1 are readily converted into the corresponding N, N-dibenzylamino aldehydes 2 which in turn serve as starting materials for enantiomerically pure α- N,N-dibenzylamino aldimines 5, 6 and 7 having benzyl, tosyl and trimethylsilyl groups, respectively, at the aldimine nitrogen atom. All three classes of chiral aldimines undergo stereoselective Lewis acid promoted Me3SiCN addition reactions with non-chelation controlled formation of the corresponding α,β-diamino nitriles. All of the reaction sequences occur without any racemization.
File server system reliability versus level of inactive and active parallel standby redundancy (2002)

File server based computer systems in commercial and governmental usage require high mission reliability. This can be achieved by incorporating a more reliable, costly single server, or by constructing systems with redundant, inferior servers. As an aid to cost-effective designs, absolute and relative mission reliability are determined as a function of redundancy for linked, parallel servers in both inactive and active standby modes of operation with constant hazard rates.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Quantitative Analysis of PRAME for Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Leukemia (2004)

Preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) was first isolated using cDNA expression cloning techniques as a gene encoding a human melanoma antigen recognized by melanoma reactive cytotoxic T-cells (CTL) (1). This gene codes for a 509-amino-acid protein whose function has not yet been identified. PRAME is expressed in various types of cancer, including melanoma (97%), sarcoma (80%), small-cell lung cancer (70%), renal cell carcinoma (40%), and head and neck cancer (29%) (1,2). PRAME is also found in limited normal tissues, including endometrium and adrenal glands, and found highly expressed in testis.