gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epididymal and Systemic Phospholipidosis in Rats and Dogs Treated with the Dopamine D3 Selective Antagonist PNU-177864 (2004)

Repeat dose oral toxicity studies were conducted in rat and dog to assess the safety for human clinical testing of the potent dopamine D3 receptor antagonist, PNU-177864. Systemic phospholipidosis was the principal treatment-related change with epididymal epithelial cell phospholipidosis being the most prominent finding in rats and dogs. Epididymal epithelial cells had no histologic evidence of degeneration; sperm density and morphology were normal histologically in both species; and sperm concentration, morphology, and motility in the dog were comparable to dogs given vehicle. Other sites with phospholipidosis included lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and/or spleen), pulmonary alveolar macrophages, and peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats and dogs and adrenal cortex, liver, pituitary, hair follicles, bone marrow lymphocytes and plasma cells, and skeletal muscle in rats only. The phospholipidosis was resolved after a 6-week recovery period in all tissues but epididymis. There was no evidence of cell injury in tissues that had phospholipid accumulations except in rat skeletal muscle that had multifocal myofiber degeneration and necrosis. For clinical trials, serum AST and CK and peripheral blood lymphocyte vacuolation were considered potential safety biomarkers for skeletal muscle degeneration and phospholipidosis, respectively.
Friction Coefficient of Emergency Braking on ABS and Non-ABS Car (2008)

Most accident reconstruction or analysis depend on the coefficient of friction to estimate the vehicle speeds. Skid mark and coefficient of friction are usually utilized to calculate the velocity and behavior of vehicles. For a critical case such as traffic accident reconstruction, however, the initial velocity of the car should be calculated precisely. In this paper, emergency brake tests on ABS and Non-ABS brake system are conducted on the dry pavement asphalt road on speed 40, 60, 80 and 100 km/h respectively. The SWIFT sensor was established in the front wheel and rear wheel at driver side to measure the forces, moments and speeds of revolution of the tires. These tests results can be available to brake tests and accident reconstruction.
Tasimelteon (Hetlioz™) (2014)

In January 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration approved tasimelteon (Hetlioz™), a melatonin-receptor agonist for the treatment of non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder. This article provides an overview of the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic properties, as well as the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of tasimelteon. Relevant information was identified through a comprehensive literature search of several databases using the key words tasimelteon, Non-24-hour Sleep-Wake disorder, Non-24, and melatonin. Further information was obtained from the tasimelteon package insert, fda.gov, clinicaltrials.gov, briefing materials provided by Vanda Pharmaceuticals, and posters from scientific meetings.
Improving the write performance of an NFS server (1994)

The Network File System (NFS) utilizes a stateless protocol between clients and servers; the major advantage of this statelessness is that NFS crash recovery is very easy. However, the protocol requires that data modification operations such as write be fully committed to stable storage before replying to the client. The cost of this is significant in terms of response latency and server CPU and I/O loading. This paper describes a write gathering technique that exploits the fact that there are often several write requests for the same file presented to the server at about the same time. With this technique the data portions of these writes are combined and a single metadata update is done that applies to them all. No replies are sent to the client until after this metadata update has been fully committed, thus the NFS crash recovery design is not violated. This technique can be used in most NFS server implementations and requires no client modifications. 1. Introduction The...
Design Techniques for Load-Independent Direct Bulk-Coupled Low Power QVCO (2013)

Design techniques for a load-independent low-power low-phase-noise CMOS LC direct bulk-coupled quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (DBC-QVCO) is presented in this paper. A capacitor tapping technique is used to lower the phase noise and achieve load-independent frequency of oscillation. Class-C operation is used to further reduce the phase noise and power consumption. Quadrature coupling is achieved using bulk coupling, leading to reduction in both power and area. The DBC-QVCO has been implemented in a standard 0.18-μm BiCMOS process and occupies an area of 0.3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The implemented DBC-QVCO achieves a measured phase noise of -114.2 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset from the 6.26-GHz carrier while consuming only 3.2 mW from a 1-V power supply. The DBC-QVCO achieves a figure of merit (FOM) of -185.1 dBc/Hz and an FOM with area of -190.3 dBc/Hz, which are among the best compared with recently published QVCOs operating in a similar frequency range.
Protection from experimental autoimmune thyroiditis conferred by a monoclonal antibody to T cell receptor from a cytotoxic hybridoma specific for thyroglobulin (1992)

A clonotypic mAb, AG7, has been prepared from splenocytes of CBA/J mice immunized with a cytotoxic T cell hybridoma, HTC2, specific for a pathogenic epitope of the thyroglobulin molecule in association with class I MHC Ag. AG7 binds to HTC2 cells but not to the other T cell hybridomas tested. Moreover, when used in functional studies, AG7 blocks the HTC2 capacity of specific target lysis. It also reacts with a determinant that comodulates with the CD3 Ag present on the surface of HTC2 cells. Immunoprecipitation of 125I-labeled solubilized HTC2 membranes demonstrated two bands located at 90 and 72 kDa under nonreducing conditions, which became a 46-kDa band under reducing conditions. Finally, when AG7 is injected into CBA/J mice, on day -1 before immunization with the pathogenic tryptic fragments of the thyroglobulin molecule, experimental autoimmune thyroiditis is abrogated. Thus, one of the multiple potential mechanisms of the protective immunity against EAT induced by HTC2 cells that we previously proposed, i.e., the generation of anti-clonotypic antibodies to HTC2 TCR, seems apparent.
Broadly continuously tunable slot waveguide quantum cascade lasers based on a continuum-to-continuum active region design (2015)

We report our progress in the development of broadly tunable single-mode slot waveguide quantum cascade lasers based on a continuum-to-continuum active region design. The electroluminescence spectrum of the continuum-to-continuum active region design has a full width at half maximum of 440 cm−1 at center wavelength ∼10 μm at room temperature (300 K). Devices using the optimized slot waveguide structure and the continuum-to-continuum design can be tuned continuously with a lasing emission over 42 cm−1, from 9.74 to 10.16 μm, at room temperature by using only current tuning scheme, together with a side mode suppression ratio of above 15 dB within the whole tuning range.
What's Wrong with the Ontotheological Error? (2014)

In some circles, ‘the ontotheological error’ is a buzz-word, a dismissive pejorative hurled at philosophical theologians who say that God falls under the concept ‘being’. The accusation is that to say that God falls under the concept ‘being’ is to imply that God is a being, alongside others. Whatever good-making features may otherwise be ascribed, God is thereby brought down to the level of creatures. Perfect-being theology makes God differ from creatures only in degree and not in kind. To believers in such a God, critics of ontotheology charge: your God is too small! My questions are “what?” and “why?”: what exactly is the ontotheological error? and why is it an error? The label itself makes clear: ontotheology is a species of philosophical theology. My second question, therefore, breaks in two: what philosophical mistakes is ontotheology thought to make? and why are these taken to be theologically disastrous?
Novel Ternary Molecular Composites Prepared by a Sol–Gel Process and Their Conversion into Microcellular Foams (2004)

Abstract A carboxylated polysulfone (C‐PSF) was reacted with 3‐(glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPS) in a sol–gel reaction to form hybrid networks. Specifically, GPS was grafted to the C‐PSF chains at their epoxy ends by ring‐opening reactions and then the methoxy silane groups at their other ends were crosslinked through the usual hydrolysis and condensation reactions. These C‐PSF/GPS cross‐linked binary networks are of interest in their own right, but this type of network was also used in the incorporation of polybenzimidazole (PBI) rigid‐rod polymer to form a C‐PSF/PBI/GPS ternary composite. In this case, the network structures obtained by carrying out the same reaction in the presence of PBI chains successfully suppressed their undesirable segregation within the composite. The transparencies of the preparative solutions and the dried films indicated that the dispersion of PBI was maintained in these environments, presumably at the nano‐ or molecular level. The ternary composites were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Some of these composites were converted to closed‐cell microcellular foams, which were then characterized in a preliminary way with regard to their morphologies.
The effect of nanoparticles on thin film elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (2013)

Carefully conducted friction tests of a nano-lubricant in the thin film elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication regime showed that the presence of nanoparticles reduces friction. By using surface analyses techniques and molecular dynamics simulations, we explored the effectiveness of different interactions in the system, namely the interactions between nanoparticles with the lubricant or surfaces. Based on the results, the friction reduction mechanism was found to be that the nanoparticles induce an obstructed flow (plug flow) in the thin film between lubricated surfaces. This reduces friction by forcing only a few layers of lubricant molecules to slide on each other.
Autonomous takeoff and landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle (2010)

In this study, we work for autonomous takeoff and landing of a miniature size unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We get the information of attitude and altitude by using a small Linux computer and various sensors equipped with fuselage. Attitude and altitude feedback control scheme and autonomous takeoff and landing strategies are proposed. We also develop a landing system that recognize landing site by visual feedback.
Photoinduced, Family-Specific, Site-Selective Cleavage of TIM-Barrel Proteins (2009)

Nonenzymatic, chemical methods for the controlled cleavage of proteins at predictable sites in a site-specific manner are rare and of strong potential utility in clean, post-translational manipulation of protein structure for use in, for example, proteomics, sequencing, and tagged-protein production. Unprecedented photochemical, site-selective cleavage of a His-Trp (HW) motif in the GH1 family TIM-barrel proteins is observed upon exposure to 240-308 nm light to cleanly release N-terminal primary amide and C-terminal indolylenamide fragments. We also show that this photocleaveable motif can be transferred to fusion proteins for use in photoresponsive affinty purification. The presence of this motif in proteins found only in organisms that are not typically exposed to light raises the possibility of direct biological relevance for this new type of protein reaction.
Automatically generating features for learning program analysis heuristics for C-like languages (2017)

We present a technique for automatically generating features for data-driven program analyses. Recently data-driven approaches for building a program analysis have been developed, which mine existing codebases and automatically learn heuristics for finding a cost-effective abstraction for a given analysis task. Such approaches reduce the burden of the analysis designers, but they do not remove it completely; they still leave the nontrivial task of designing so called features to the hands of the designers. Our technique aims at automating this feature design process. The idea is to use programs as features after reducing and abstracting them. Our technique goes through selected program-query pairs in codebases, and it reduces and abstracts the program in each pair to a few lines of code, while ensuring that the analysis behaves similarly for the original and the new programs with respect to the query. Each reduced program serves as a boolean feature for program-query pairs. This feature evaluates to true for a given program-query pair when (as a program) it is included in the program part of the pair. We have implemented our approach for three real-world static analyses. The experimental results show that these analyses with automatically-generated features are cost-effective and consistently perform well on a wide range of programs.
A cocaine-sensitive Drosophila serotonin transporter: cloning, expression, and electrophysiological characterization. (1994)

A cocaine-sensitive, high-affinity Drosophila serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5HT) transporter cDNA, denoted dSERT1, was isolated and characterized in oocytes. dSERT1 shows little transport of other monoamines and is Na+ and Cl- dependent. Sequence analysis indicates 12 putative transmembrane domains and strong homologies (approximately 50%) among dSERT1 and mammalian 5HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporters. Interestingly, the pharmacological properties of dSERT1, including sensitivity to antidepressants, are more similar to those of mammalian catecholamine transporters than to mammalian 5HT transporters. Two-electrode voltage-clamp analysis demonstrated 5HT-induced, voltage-dependent currents. Cloning and characterization of dSERT1 adds significantly to our knowledge of the diversity of 5HT transporters with regard to primary sequence, pharmacological profile, and permeation properties.
Basic fibroblast growth factor levels in cancer cells and in sera of patients suffering from proliferative disorders of the prostate (1997)

These results suggest that increased bFGF release may be associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype.
Binding Studies of TNF Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF) Receptors on Intact Cells (2016)

Ligands of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) interact with members of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). TNFSF ligand-TNFRSF receptor interactions have been intensively evaluated by many groups. The affinities of TNFSF ligand-TNFRSF receptor interactions are highly dependent on the oligomerization state of the receptor, and cellular factors (e.g. actin cytoskeleton and lipid rafts) influence the assembly of ligand-receptor complexes, too. Binding studies on TNFSF ligand-TNFRSF receptor interactions were typically performed using cell-free assays with recombinant fusion proteins that contain varying numbers of TNFRSF ectodomains. It is therefore not surprising that affinities determined for an individual TNFSF ligand-TNFRSF interaction differ sometimes by several orders of magnitude and often do not reflect the ligand activity observed in cellular assays. To overcome the intrinsic limitations of cell-free binding studies and usage of recombinant receptor domains, we performed comprehensive binding studies with Gaussia princeps luciferase TNFSF ligand fusion proteins for cell-bound TNFRSF members on intact cells at 37 °C. The affinities of the TNFSF ligand G. princeps luciferase-fusion proteins ranged between 0.01 and 19 nm and offer the currently most comprehensive and best suited panel of affinities for in silico studies of ligand-receptor systems of the TNF family.
Linear oligoethylene urethanes oligourethanes II (1966)

Abstract Linear oligoethylene urethanes, A[O(CH 2 ) 2 NHCO] n OCH 3 (n = 2–7, A = Ac; n = 1–6, A = H), were synthesized and their physical properties were studied. The synthesis of acetoxy terminated oligomers was carried out by stepwise addition of 2‐acetoxyethyl isocyanate with a hydroxy terminated oligomer. The terminal acetyl group was eliminated by ester exchange in methanol to give the corresponding hydroxy terminated oligomers.
Gift and Social Relation (1988)

The aim of this paper is to examine the gift giving and recieving in Japanese Society in two points as follows.1) The various social relationships between giver and reciever and the social groups they belong to.2) The power-dependence relationship between giver and reciever.Through those examination, it is made clear that the recent gift in social life is diversified according to the various social relationships between giver and reciever, and that the power-dependence relationship between giver and reciever makes difference to the mechanism of gift.
Quantitative analysis of dendron-conjugated cisplatin-complexed gold nanoparticles using scanning particle mobility mass spectrometry (2013)

We report a high-resolution and traceable method to quantify the drug loading on nanoparticle-based cancer therapeutics, and demonstrate this method using a model cisplatin functionalized dendron-gold nanoparticle (AuNP) conjugate. Electrospray differential mobility analysis (ES-DMA) provides upstream size classification based on the electrical mobility of AuNP conjugates in aerosol form following electrospray conversion from the aqueous suspension. A condensation particle counter (CPC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) provide the principal downstream quantification. CPC and ICP-MS yield complementary number-based and elemental mass-based particle size distributions, respectively. Conjugation using three different dendron formulations was differentiated based on changes in the mean mobility particle size. The subsequent cisplatin complexation to the dendron conjugates was quantified by coupling ES-DMA with ICP-MS. Discrete AuNP clusters (e.g., dimers, trimers) could be resolved from the relative quantity of atoms (i.e., Au and Pt) per particle after separation by ES-DMA. Surface density of cisplatin on Au was shown to be proportional to the density of carboxylic groups present and was independent of the state of AuNP clustering. Additionally, we found that colloidal stability of the conjugate is inversely proportional to the surface loading of cisplatin. This study demonstrates a prototype methodology to provide traceable quantification and to determine other important formulation factors relevant to therapeutic performance.
The Occurrence of a Dominant Spotting Mutation in the House Mouse (1937)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Synchronization for multi-perspective videos in the wild (2017)

In the era of social media, a large number of user-generated videos are uploaded to the Internet every day, capturing events all over the world. Reconstructing the event truth based on information mined from these videos has been an emerging challenging task. Temporal alignment of videos “in the wild” which capture different moments at different positions with different perspectives is the critical step. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical approach to synchronize videos. Our system utilizes clustered audio-signatures to align video pairs. Global alignment for all videos is then achieved via forming alignable video groups with self-paced learning. Experiments on the Boston Marathon dataset show that the proposed method achieves excellent precision and robustness.
Lessons from the influenza vaccine recall of 1996-1997. (1997)

INFLUENZA IS a major killer of persons aged 65 years and older, particularly those who are frail or debilitated with chronic cardiac and/or pulmonary conditions, and results in 10 000 to 40 000 deaths each year in the United States. The economic cost is considerable, with Medicare reimbursing hospitals $1 billion for excess hospitalizations during the 1989 flu season 1 and an overall societal cost in excess of $10 billion. 2 To prevent illness and death, there has been a sustained and ongoing campaign to enhance the annual delivery of influenza vaccine to persons aged 65 years and older. For this reason, public concerns regarding vaccine may negatively affect the success of these campaigns. Three times during November 1996, Parke-Davis voluntarily recalled 11 lots of influenza vaccine (Fluogen, lots 00176P, 00276P, 00576P, 00586P, 00676P, 00686P, 00786P, 00886P, 00966P, 00986P, and 01066P). Based on information available, neither the Centers for
Exhaustive test of several dependable memory architectures designed by GRAAL tool (2003)

This paper presents a customizable injection fault system and performance evaluations of dependable memory collars designed by GRAAL tool. The novelty consists in a large number of tests and architecture comparisons which can demonstrate the efficiency and validity of GRAAL and how it helps the designer to experiment the architecture sensitivity and evaluate changes in performances when a particular dependable memory collar is chosen or bypassed. Moreover, a complete test set-tip and real case study where the memory interacts in a complex system is described The system collects information to measure the effects of fault detection and fault tolerance. The hardware is assembled in a configurable test board with a FPGA where are one of several memory wrapper which GRAAL generates and a serial link to receive and send data from an acquisition system. Two commercial Personal Computers interact thought the boards and collect data from the experiment.
bcl-2, bax, bcl-XL, and bcl-XS expression in normal and neoplastic ovarian tissues. (1998)

The bcl-2 family of proteins includes some important regulators of apoptosis. Among these, bcl-2 and bcl-xL prevent cells from entering apoptosis, whereas bax and bcl-xS can induce cell death. Alterations in the control of this process can lead to a decrease in cell death, thus contributing to neoplastic growth. Diminished susceptibility to chemotherapy has also been attributed, in in vitro systems, to alterations in the levels of bcl-2, bax, or bcl-x. We analyzed the expression of bcl-2, bax, bcl-xL, and bcl-xS in normal and neoplastic ovarian tissues by reverse transcriptase-PCR and Western blotting. The RNA and protein levels were significantly correlated for all genes. Interestingly, the levels of these genes in normal and neoplastic tissues were significantly different: bcl-2 was higher in normal tissue (P < 0.002), whereas bax and bcl-xL were higher in carcinoma (P < 0.018 and P < 0.030, respectively). bcl-xS was present at low levels in 83% of neoplastic samples and was undetectable in normal tissue. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis of 74 tumors showed no major correlation with clinicopathological parameters or with response to chemotherapy. Only bax and bcl-xL were correlated with progesterone receptor levels (n = 29, r = +0.44, P < 0.0189, and r = -0.40, P < 0.035, respectively). No correlation was found with estrogen receptor levels or with p53 immunostaining. Our data indicate that the regulation of the bcl-2 family of proteins differs between normal and neoplastic ovarian tissues. Moreover, the modulation of these genes in ovarian carcinoma is different compared to other tissues; therefore, tissue specificity is very important in regulation of the bcl-2 family of proteins.
Garbage Collection Should Be Lifetime Aware (2006)

We argue that garbage collection should be more closely tied to object demographics. We show that this behaviour is sufficiently distinctive to make exploitation feasible and describe a novel GC framework that exploits object lifetime analysis yet tolerates imprecision. We argue for future collectors based on combinations of approximate analyses and dynamic sampling.