gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Submodule Capacitance Parameter and Voltage Balancing Scheme of a New Multilevel VSC Modular (2009)

The capacitance parameter of the submodule in a new voltage source converter (VSC), i.e. modular multilevel VSC, is designed ideally from the viewpoint of pulsation of power and energy of its phase leg, based on the detailed analysis of its essential working mechanism, with the voltage ripple factor of submodule being considered. Aiming at the critical problem about capacitor voltage balancing of each submodule, a feasible voltage-balancing scheme is presented. This scheme could effectively ensure each submodule at the same capacitance and voltage level and each power semiconductor device enduring equal stress. In addition, a simple and effective capacitor precharge scheme on the submodule is presented. Different from the traditional capacitor precharge method through AC system, this precharge scheme can be controlled flexibly, don’t need the current limiting resistance for damping the surge current and can make the VSC have certain black start capability. The abovementioned various schemes were verified well by simulations.
Geometric programming for circuit optimization (2005)

This tutorial concerns a method for solving a variety of circuit sizing and optimization problems, which is based on formulating the problem as a geometric program (GP), or a generalized geometric program (GGP). These nonlinear, constrained optimization problems can be transformed to convex optimization problems, and then solved (globally) very efficiently.
Word Sense Induction Using Lexical Chain based Hypergraph Model (2014)

Word Sense Induction is a task of automatically finding word senses from large scale texts. It is general-ly considered as an unsupervised clustering problem. This paper introduces a hypergraph model in which nodes represent instances of contexts where a target word occurs and hyperedges represent high-er-order semantic relatedness among instances. A lexical chain based method is used for discovering the hyperedges, and hypergraph clustering methods are used for finding word senses among the context in-stances. Experiments show that this model outperforms other methods in supervised evaluation and achieves comparable performance with other methods in unsupervised evaluation. 1
Continuous reactors for preparing organic chemicals (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous reactors for preparing organic chemicalsC. F. H. Allen , J. R. Byers Jr., W. J. Humphlett , and D. D. Reynolds Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 8, 394Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 August 1955Published inissue 1 August 1955https://doi.org/10.1021/ed032p394RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Thermodynamic Linkage between the S1 Site, the Na+Site, and the Ca2+ Site in the Protease Domain of Human Coagulation Factor Xa (2000)

The serine protease domain of factor Xa (FXa) contains a sodium as well as a calcium-binding site. Here, we investigated the functional significance of these two cation-binding sites and their thermodynamic links to the S1 site. Kinetic data reveal that Na(+) binds to the substrate bound FXa with K(d) approximately 39 mm in the absence and approximately 9.5 mm in the presence of Ca(2+). Sodium-bound FXa (sodium-Xa) has approximately 18-fold increased catalytic efficiency ( approximately 4.5-fold decrease in K(m) and approximately 4-fold increase in k(cat)) in hydrolyzing S-2222 (benzoyl-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-p-nitroanilide), and Ca(2+) further increases this k(cat) approximately 1.4-fold. Ca(2+) binds to the protease domain of substrate bound FXa with K(d) approximately 705 microm in the absence and approximately 175 microm in the presence of Na(+). Ca(2+) binding to the protease domain of FXa (Xa-calcium) has no effect on the K(m) but increases the k(cat) approximately 4-fold in hydrolyzing S-2222, and Na(+) further increases this k(cat) approximately 1.4-fold. In agreement with the K(m) data, sodium-Xa has approximately 5-fold increased affinity in its interaction with p-aminobenzamidine (S1 site probe) and approximately 4-fold increased rate in binding to the two-domain tissue factor pathway inhibitor; Ca(2+) (+/-Na(+)) has no effect on these interactions. Antithrombin binds to Xa-calcium with a approximately 4-fold faster rate, to sodium-Xa with a approximately 24-fold faster rate and to sodium-Xa-calcium with a approximately 28-fold faster rate. Thus, Ca(2+) and Na(+) together increase the catalytic efficiency of FXa approximately 28-fold. Na(+) enhances Ca(2+) binding, and Ca(2+) enhances Na(+) binding. Further, Na(+) enhances S1 site occupancy, and S1 site occupancy enhances Na(+) binding. Therefore, Na(+) site is thermodynamically linked to the S1 site as well as to the protease domain Ca(2+) site, whereas Ca(2+) site is only linked to the Na(+) site. The significance of these findings is that during physiologic coagulation, most of the FXa formed will exist as sodium-Xa-calcium, which has maximum biologic activity.
Synaptic plasticity disruption by amyloid β protein: modulation by potential Alzheimer's disease modifying therapies (2005)

AD (Alzheimer's disease) is characterized by a progressive and devastating mental decline that is usually presaged by impairment of a form of memory dependent on medial temporal lobe structures, including the hippocampus. The severity of clinical dementia correlates positively with the cerebral load of the AD-related protein Abeta (amyloid beta), particularly in its soluble form rather than the insoluble fibrillar Abeta found in amyloid plaques. Recent research in animal models of AD has pointed to a potentially important role for rapid disruptive effects of soluble species of Abeta on neural function in causing a relatively selective impairment of memory early in the disease. Our experiments assessing the mechanisms of Abeta inhibition of LTP (long-term potentiation), a correlate of memory-related synaptic plasticity, in the rodent hippocampus showed that low-n oligomers were the soluble Abeta species primarily responsible for the disruption of synaptic plasticity in vivo. Exogenously applied and endogenously generated anti-Abeta antibodies rapidly neutralized and prevented the synaptic plasticity disrupting effects of these very potent Abeta oligomers. This suggests that active or passive immunotherapeutic strategies for early AD should target Abeta oligomers in the brain. The ability of agents that reduce nitrosative/oxidative stress or antagonize stress-activated kinases to prevent Abeta inhibition of LTP in vitro points to a key role of these cellular mechanisms at very early stages in Abeta-induced neuronal dysfunction. A combination of antibody-mediated inactivation of Abeta oligomers and pharmacological prevention of cellular stress mechanisms underlying their synaptic plasticity disrupting effects provides an attractive strategy in the prevention of early AD.
Perfluoroalkylene-linked polyquinolines and related model compounds (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerfluoroalkylene-linked polyquinolines and related model compoundsF. A. Bottino, A. Mamo, A. Recca, J. P. Droske, and John K. StilleCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 2, 227–230Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00230a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00230a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantification of a transferrin variant after isoelectric focusing in agarose gel using carbamylated myoglobin as a colored marker (1984)

Abstract A widely applicable procedure for electrophoretic separation and quantification of proteins is described. Different colored markers of myoglobin were prepared by carbamylation and those with suitable isoelectric points (p I 's) were isolated. Such markers were added to samples of serum and plasma which were examined by improved isoelectric focusing in agarose gel. This facilitated isolation of a certain transferrin with p I 5.7. This protein was quantified in gel pieces by zone immunoelectrophoresis assay. The overall S.D. was <10%. Immunofixations were performed to check the quality of focusing and the accuracy of gel punching.
Natural Interaction with Hand Gestures and Tactile Feedback for large, high-res Displays (2008)

Human beings perceive their surroundings based on sensory information from diverse channels. However, for humancomputer interaction we mostly restrict the user on visual perception. To investigate the effect of additional tactile feedback on pointing and selection tasks we conducted a comparative evaluation study based on ISO 9241-9. The 20 participants performed horizontal and vertical one-directional tapping tasks with hand gesture input with and without tactile feedback on a large, high resolution display. In contrast to previous research we cannot confirm a benefit of tactile feedback on user performance. Our results show no significant effect in terms of effective index of performance and even a significant higher error rate for horizontal target alignment when using tactile feedback. Furthermore we found a significant difference in favor of the horizontal target alignment compared to the vertical one in terms of the effective index of performance.
Aspects of film formation with emulsion copolymers (1985)

For homogeneous emulsion copolymers the process of film formation is correlated qualitatively with the viscoelastic properties of the polymer as is predicted by the theories of film formation. With highly water-soluble comonomers heterogeneous core-shell particles may be obtained with a shell of hydrophilic polymer which influences the structure and the properties of the films significantly. Heterogeneous polymer particles with a multi-phase morphology due to the presence of incompatible polymers of different glass transition temperature show a further stage of film formation with a distinct change in film morphology.
Laser power calculations: sources of error (1980)

The physical phenomena that dominate the power characteristics of a laser depend on the detailed nature of the amplifying medium and the resonator structure. In predicting the power characteristics, numerous approximations are always required. The most important approximations are considered here in detail, and error estimates are presented so that a designer can select the appropriate model for a particular application. Emphasis is placed on analytic solutions and specific phenomena considered include longitudinal and transverse spatial hole burning, large single-pass gain, and mixed line broadening.
Benchmarking Automatic Machine Learning Frameworks (2018)

AutoML serves as the bridge between varying levels of expertise when designing machine learning systems and expedites the data science process. A wide range of techniques is taken to address this, however there does not exist an objective comparison of these techniques. We present a benchmark of current open source AutoML solutions using open source datasets. We test auto-sklearn, TPOT, auto_ml, and H2O's AutoML solution against a compiled set of regression and classification datasets sourced from OpenML and find that auto-sklearn performs the best across classification datasets and TPOT performs the best across regression datasets.
High-grade control of switched reluctance machines (1997)

This paper formulates the objectives associated with high-grade torque control of switched reluctance motors (SRMs). Low torque ripple is a natural outcome of high bandwidth torque control. Smooth torque operation is only uniquely defined together with a secondary objective, such as maximum efficiency, maximum torque-speed capability, maximum power factor, etc., as the SRM does not enjoy the inherent distribution between phases that characterizes AC drives. By introduction of the flux-angle parameter, operation at any point between maximum torque-current ratio and maximum torque-flux ratio is possible. A systematic approach to waveform design is developed and is evaluated using both simulation and experimental testing of a SRM servo-drive system. This approach, which can be regarded as a functional equivalent of AC vector control, starts from machine parameters and gives smooth torque operation with maximized torque-speed range and/or efficiency. Excellent dynamic performance is obtained for speed and position control, together with optimized low torque ripple operation.
Electrical Properties of Vapor-Deposited Silicon Nitride and Silicon Oxide Films on Silicon (1968)

The electrical properties of vapor‐deposited silicon nitride and silicon oxide films on silicon have been investigated. The silicon nitride films were produced by the reaction at 950°C, while the oxides were prepared at 400°C using the reaction. The properties were compared with those of thermal oxides prepared in dry O2 at 1200°C. As contrasted to the thermal oxides, the silicon nitride films are characterized by polarization and room temperature trapping instabilities, relatively high conductance, and high surface state charge densities. The vapor‐deposited oxides tend to resemble the nitrides in those properties which are associated with the silicon‐ dielectric interface, but the bulk properties are more like those of thermal oxides.
Transdifferentiation of bioencapsulated bone marrow cells into hepatocyte-like cells in the 90% hepatectomized rat model (2006)

Under specific conditions, bone marrow cells can transdifferentiate into a variety of cell types including hepatocytes. In this study, bioencapsulated bone marrow cells were transplanted intraperitoneally into 90% hepatectomized rats. We then followed the transdifferentiation of the bone marrow cells and the effect of this on liver regeneration in this liver failure model. Bone marrow cells isolated from Wistar rats were bioencapsulated using alginate-polylysine-alginate method. These bioencapsulated bone marrow cells were transplanted intraperitoneally into 90% hepatectomized Wistar rats. Blood chemistry, HGF, liver weight, and survival of the recipient rats were evaluated. Histology and immunocytochemistry were used to analyze the bioencapsulated cells before and 14 days after transplantation. Unlike free bone marrow cells, transplantation of bioencapsulated bone marrow cells improved the survival of 90% hepatectomized rats and improved the blood chemistry with an efficacy similar to that of bioencapsulated hepatocytes or free hepatocytes transplantation. Some bioencapsulated bone marrow cells expressed hepatocytes markers of cytokeratins 8, cytokeratins 18, albumin, and AFP after 2 weeks of transplantation. These results suggest that syngeneic bioencapsulated bone marrow cells can transdifferentiate into hepatocyte-like cells in the peritoneal cavity of 90% hepatectomized rats and increased the survival rates of these rats. In conclusion, these findings suggest the potential for a new alternative to hepatocyte transplantation for cellular therapy of acute liver failure.
Theory of Ultrasonic Pulse Measurements of Third-Order Elastic Constants for Cubic Crystals (1967)

The equations of motion for an elastic nonisotropic solid are reduced to a form useful for determination of third-order elastic constants by means of ultrasonic pulse distortion measurements. Values of the coefficients in the reduced equations of motion are tabulated for two cubic materials. The tables are used to show that for cubic materials one should be able to measure C111, C112, and C166 with reasonable accuracy. An argument is given which shows that the equations of motion for a single plane wave in a cubic crystal depend on the five parameters C111, C112, C166, (2C144+C123), and (½C144+C456) instead of all six third-order elastic constants.
Density and porosity control of sintered 316L stainless steel parts produced by additive manufacturing (2012)

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques offer the possibility to build complex geometries with integrated functionalities. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of metallic powder is probably the only AM technique that can build controlled porosity sintered parts, such as filter elements and fluid permeable components. Many building and sintering parameters can be set to adjust porous properties of the final part. The effects of particle size, particle shape, sintering temperature and sintering time on the final properties of the sintered parts have been analysed. Correlations have been established between these properties and process parameters.
Purification and Some Properties of Chitin-binding Hemagglutinin from<i>Conidiobolus lamprauges</i> (1981)

Journal Article Purification and Some Properties of Chitin-binding Hemagglutinin from Conidiobolus lamprauges Get access Fumiyasu Ishikawa, Fumiyasu Ishikawa Institute of Applied Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kunio Oishi, Kunio Oishi Institute of Applied Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kô Aida Kô Aida Institute of Applied Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 3, 1 March 1981, Pages 557–564, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1981.10864569 Published: 01 March 1981 Article history Received: 17 June 1980 Published: 01 March 1981
All-Optical Switch with Switch-Off Time Unrestricted by Carrier Lifetime (1993)

We propose a symmetric Mach-Zehnder-type all-optical switch which is based on the nonlinear refractive index change induced in semiconductors. Unlike most all-optical switches, the switch-off time, as well as the switch-on time, of this novel device is not limited by the usually slow carrier lifetime, allowing a very fast switching speed. Its switching characteristics are theoretically examined under various conditions. It is shown that the device offers a nearly square modulation characteristic that is suitable for most switching applications.
Isoflavone Levels in Five Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) Genotypes Are Altered by Phytochrome-Mediated Light Treatments (2005)

The objective of the present study was to determine whether concentrations of different isoflavones (puerarin, genistein, genistin, daidzein, and daidzin) in shoots and roots of five selected soybean genotypes would respond the same or differently to red (650 nm peak transmittance) and far-red (750 nm peak transmittance) light treatments given under controlled environments. Levels of isoflavones (mg g(-1) dry weight biomass) present in seeds, control roots, and shoots and 10 day light-treated seedlings (light, dark, red, and far-red wavelengths) of soybean (Glycine max) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in comparison with known isoflavone standards. Seeds of the five soybean genotypes studied consistently stored most of their isoflavones as glucosyl conjugates (e.g., daidzin, genistin, and puerarin). For the five soybean genotypes, isoflavone levels were lower in the seeds as compared with roots plus shoots of control, time zero (first true leaf stage) seedlings. Following 10 days of the respective light treatments, we found that (i) isoflavone levels were enhanced in dark-grown plants over light-grown plants for three of the five genotypes (a new finding) and the reverse occurred for a single genotype (a typical response of legumes) and (ii) generally, far-red end of day (EOD) light treatment enhanced total isoflavone levels in roots plus shoots over red EOD light treatment. Results from the present study show that phytochrome does appear to play a role in regulating isoflavone levels in developing soybean seedlings and that this influence by red/far-red-mediated phytochrome reactions is strongly dependent on the genotypes selected for study.
Decreased HIV-Associated T Cell Apoptosis by HIV Protease Inhibitors (2000)

Antiretroviral treatment of patients infected with HIV results in improvements in CD4+ T cell number. Emerging evidence suggests that some of the improvements in CD4+ T cell number that occur in response to protease inhibitor (PI) therapy may not be accounted for solely by enhanced viral suppression, implying that PI may directly affect T cell survival. Since HIV T cell depletion is associated with enhanced apoptosis, we analyzed the effect of PIs on T cell apoptosis. In vitro treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from HIV-infected but untreated patients with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) does not alter apoptosis, whereas PI treatment rapidly reduces CD4+ and CD8+ T cell apoptosis. In contrast, PI treatment does not alter apoptosis in PBL blasts from HIV-negative patients, or in Jurkat T cells. Consistent with this observation, 8 days of PI therapy in HIV-infected patients does not significantly alter plasma viremia, yet results in significant inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effects of PI on apoptosis have implications concerning the treatment of HIV and its pathogenesis.
URIKA, continuous ultrasound monitoring for the detection of a full bladder in children with dysfunctional voiding: a feasibility study (2017)

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