gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sugarcane maturity estimation through edaphic-climatic parameters (2004)

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) grows under different weather conditions directly affecting crop maturation. Raw material quality predicting models are important tools in sugarcane crop management; the goal of these models is to provide productivity estimates during harvesting, increasing the efficiency of strategical and administrative decisions. The objective of this work was developing a model to predict Total Recoverable Sugars (TRS) during harvesting, using data related to production factors such as soil water storage and negative degree-days. The database of a sugar mill for the crop seasons 1999/2000, 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 was analyzed, and statistical models were tested to estimate raw material. The maturity model for a one-year old sugarcane proved to be significant, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.7049*. No differences were detected between measured and estimated data in the simulation (P < 0.05).
Mild Obesity Is Protective After Severe Burn Injury (2013)

Overall, obesity was not associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with mild obesity have the best survival, whereas morbidly obese patients have the highest mortality. (NCT00257244).
Molecular processes and structural alterations in laser reshaping of cartilage (2007)

The effects of non-destructive laser irradiation on the structure and molecular processes in cartilage were studied using Raman microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and biochemical analysis. A structural reorganization of the irradiated tissue similar to poliginization in polycrystalline solids was observed for the first time in a cartilage matrix. The difference in the Raman spectra of the irradiated and control samples was interpreted in term of a conformational alteration of glycosaminoglycan macromolecules in the reshaping mode. Laser induced modification of collagen macromolecules was not revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Thermal and biochemical analysis confirmed a preservation of triple helix for laser settings used for laser-induced stress relaxation and reshaping of cartilage.
Direct reaction of gas-phase atomic hydrogen with chemisorbed hydrogen on Ru(001) (1994)

The adsorption of gas-phase atomic hydrogen on the Ru(001) surface results in a saturation coverage of 1.42 hydrogen adatoms per primitive surface unit cell, which may be compared with a saturation coverage of one hydrogen adatom per primitive surface unit cell in the case of dissociative chemisorption of molecular hydrogen. The observed saturation fractional coverage of 1.42 results from a steady-state balance of adsorption of gas-phase atomic hydrogen and reaction of gas-phase hydrogen with chemisorbed hydrogen adatoms, which produces molecular hydrogen that desorbs from the surface at a temperature at least 150 K below the temperature of recombinative desorption of two hydrogen adatoms. The cross section of this direct reaction of hydrogen was found to be remarkably large, approximately 40% of the cross section for chemisorption of the gas-phase atomic hydrogen. The reaction was found not to depend on surface temperature nor was there an observable kinetic isotope effect.
An effective biphase system accelerates hesperidinase-catalyzed conversion of rutin to isoquercitrin (2015)

Isoquercitrin is a rare, natural ingredient with several biological activities that is a key precursor for the synthesis of enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ). The enzymatic production of isoquercitrin from rutin catalyzed by hesperidinase is feasible; however, the bioprocess is hindered by low substrate concentration and a long reaction time. Thus, a novel biphase system consisting of [Bmim][BF4]:glycine-sodium hydroxide (pH 9) (10:90, v/v) and glyceryl triacetate (1:1, v/v) was initially established for isoquercitrin production. The biotransformation product was identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the bonding mechanism of the enzyme and substrate was inferred using circular dichroism spectra and kinetic parameters. The highest rutin conversion of 99.5% and isoquercitrin yield of 93.9% were obtained after 3 h. The reaction route is environmentally benign and mild, and the biphase system could be reused. The substrate concentration was increased 2.6-fold, the reaction time was reduced to three tenths the original time. The three-dimensional structure of hesperidinase was changed in the biphase system, which α-helix and random content were reduced and β-sheet content was increased. Thus, the developed biphase system can effectively strengthen the hesperidinase-catalyzed synthesis of isoquercitrin with high yield.
Metal–Organic chemical vapour deposition of polycrystalline tetragonal indium sulphide (InS) thin films (1992)

Abstract The dimeric indium thiolate [( t Bu) 2 In(μ‐S t Bu)] 2 has been used as a single‐source precursor for the metal–organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) of InS thin films. The dimeric In 2 S 2 core is proposed to account for the formation of the non‐equilibrium high‐pressure tetragonal phase in the deposited films. Analysis of the deposited films has been obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with associated energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Breathing Gas Mixtures Using an Electrochemical Membrane Cell (1993)

Abstract The capability of an eléctrochemical membrane cell has been assessed for carbon dioxide removal from a breathing gas mixture. The experimental results were obtained under various operating conditions. The effects of such operating variables as CO2 input rates and current densities on the extent of CO2 separation are presented, and the usefulness of the electrochemical membrane cell in the removal of CO2 from a breathing gas mixture is discussed.
Application of Finite Element Methods to Lubrication: An Engineering Approach (1972)

The finite element method of lubrication analysis is presented for the novice from a viewpoint closely analogous to that of the familiar direct stiffness method of structural analysis. The lubricant film is seen as a system of component elements interconnected at nodal points where flows are summed and pressures (but not necessarily thicknesses, viscosities, or densities) are equated. System properties are deduced from component properties and connections. Detailed equations needed for solution of practical problems are given in Appendices and their use is illustrated in Examples.
Dynamic Factor Models (2012)

Abstract This article surveys work on a class of models, dynamic factor models (DFMs), that has received considerable attention in the past decade because of their ability to model simultaneously and consistently data sets in which the number of series exceeds the number of time series observations. The aim of this survey is to describe the key theoretical results, applications, and empirical findings in the recent literature on DFMs. The article is organized as follows. The first issue at hand for the econometrician is to estimate the factors and to ascertain how many factors there are; these two topics are covered in Sections 2 and 3. Once one has reliable estimates of the factors, there are a number of things one can do with them beyond using them for forecasting, including using them as instrumental variables, estimating factor-augmented vector autoregressions, and estimating dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models; these applications are covered in Section 4. Section 5 discusses some extensions.
Nonlocal Metasurfaces for Optical Signal Processing (2018)

Optical analog signal processing has been gaining significant attention as a way to overcome the speed and energy limitations of digital techniques. Metasurfaces offer a promising avenue towards this goal due to their efficient manipulation of optical signals over deeply subwavelength volumes. To date, metasurfaces have been proposed to transform signals in the spatial domain, e.g., for beam steering, focusing, or holography, for which angular-dependent responses, or nonlocality, are unwanted features that must be avoided or mitigated. Here, we show that the metasurface nonlocality can be engineered to enable signal manipulation in the momentum domain over an ultrathin platform. We explore nonlocal metasurfaces performing basic mathematical operations, paving the way towards fast and power-efficient ultrathin devices for edge detection and optical image processing.
Poultry Feed Radicidation (1972)

Several Salmonella spp. and P. arizonae were effectively incorporated in high numbers into commercially prepared poultry feeds for subsequent radiation processing. A central dose of 1.0 Mrad (1.21–0.75 Mrad range) effectively eliminated 3.5 × 106 to 9.2 × 107 viable cells of the various salmonellae and 9.2 × 107 cells of P. arizonae per gram of poultry feed. In all instances, storage of feed at 4°C. also resulted in a decrease in the number of salmonellae, but not of P. arizonae. With the use of such Salmonella-free poultry feed, one break in the poultry-, Salmonella cycle is possible.
The Calcineurin-NFAT Pathway and Bone: Intriguing New Findings (2006)

New findings reveal that the calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway helps to promote osteoblast differentiation. Three recent papers reveal somewhat different mechanisms by which this could occur. In one study, transduction of calcineurin Aalpha increased expression of osteoblast differentiation markers, including Runx-2. In another study, NFATc1 cooperatively enhanced Osterix activation of the collagen 1a1 promoter, but did not enhance Runx-2 activity; evidence was provided for the formation of a novel NFATc1-Osterix complex. In a third study, expression of nuclear NFATc1 enhanced Wnt signaling. The observation that the Wnt pathway promotes bone formation is intriguing, because NFATc1 also is critical for osteoclastogenesis. The current findings could be relevant for the osteoporosis seen in patients given the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine to prevent transplant rejection, although the results need to be reconciled with aspects of the clinical picture.
Inhibition of murine lymphocyte proliferation by the B subunit of cholera toxin. (1987)

Cholera toxin is known to inhibit lymphocyte activation in vitro, an effect attributed to its ability to activate adenylate cyclase and increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate. In these studies the effects of both cholera toxin (CT) and its purified binding subunit (CT-B) on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro was examined, using a variety of cell activators. We found that both CT and CT-B inhibited mitogen- and antigen-induced T cell proliferation and anti-IgM-induced B cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. However, only CT-inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced B cell proliferation. Neither CT nor CT-B inhibited antigen uptake and presentation by macrophages. The CT-B preparation used was shown not to activate lymphocyte adenylate cyclase, although CT itself was a strong activator of this enzyme. Both molecules had to bind to the lymphocyte surface in order to inhibit. The time course of inhibition of both CT and CT-B was similar in that either could be added up to 24 hr after culture initiation and still inhibit substantially. The addition of excess human recombinant interleukin 2 to the cultures did not affect the inhibition by CT, and had only a partial affect on inhibition by CT-B. Similarly, CT was able to substantially inhibit recombinant interleukin 2-dependent T lymphoblast proliferation, whereas CT-B had only a small inhibitory effect. Inhibition was not major histocompatibility complex-restricted. We conclude that the binding of CT or CT-B to the lymphocyte surface membrane interferes in some way with the activation mechanism leading to proliferation. The inhibition mediated by CT-B does not involve the stimulation of intracellular adenylate cyclase. CT appears to inhibit both by binding via its B subunit and by activation of adenylate cyclase via its A subunit.
다단계 재고시스템에서의 서비스수준에 관한 연구 (1999)

Some multi echelon inventory systems carry perishable products. The value of these product reduces as the period of time they spend in the system. In this paper We derive the necessary condition to determine optimal quantity, service level for a perishable product. The systems considered consist of two echelons and carry single item. To determine the optimal order quantity, the demand is assumed to be constant, the holding costs may be different in the echelons, and it allows no shortages. I assumed the price of product decreases by negative exponential function. To determine service level, following assumptions used in the model ·lead time is constant. ·demand is normal distribution. ·the product starts to perish at the second echelon. Service level is computed for different levels of lead times and for different variance of demands and for different price functions. The experimental results indicate that the service level in cost is a function of service level in demand and perishability of product. Results of the models exhibit that perishability and the age of the product are critical to determine the lot sizing and service level. -37
Mechanism and Enhanced Yield of Carbon Nanotube Growth on Stainless Steel by Oxygen-Induced Surface Reconstruction (2014)

It is well-known that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be grown directly on the surface of stainless steel (SS) alloys, because the native composition of SS contains elements that seed CNT growth upon hydrocarbon exposure at elevated temperature. Often such methods use acid immersion or oxidation in air to treat the surface prior to hydrocarbon exposure for CNT growth. However, there lacks a general understanding of how the surface chemistry and morphology influences the nucleation and growth of CNTs. Using environmental transmission electron microscopy, we observe that CNT growth is enabled by surface reconstruction of SS upon oxygen exposure at elevated temperature, followed by further breakup of the surface upon reduction, and subsequent CNT nucleation and growth upon hydrocarbon exposure. Using electron energy loss spectroscopy, we find that catalyst particles consist of both pure iron as well as iron alloys such as Fe–Cr and Fe–Ni. We use these insights to study the synthesis of CNTs on bulk net-shaped porous SS materials and show that annealing of the SS at 1000 °C in air prior to CVD using an ethylene feedstock mixture produces a 70-fold increase in CNT yield. Our findings demonstrate how process conditions can be designed for efficient manufacturing of CNT-enhanced stainless steel materials, and guide improved understanding of CNT growth on other industrially relevant metal substrates.
Iron-Overload–Related Disease in<i>HFE</i>Hereditary Hemochromatosis (2008)

In persons who are homozygous for the C282Y mutation, iron-overload-related disease developed in a substantial proportion of men but in a small proportion of women.
Reflected wavefront manipulation based on ultrathin planar acoustic metasurfaces (2013)

The introduction of metasurfaces has renewed the Snell's law and opened up new degrees of freedom to tailor the optical wavefront at will. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the generalized Snell's law can be achieved for reflected acoustic waves based on ultrathin planar acoustic metasurfaces. The metasurfaces are constructed with eight units of a solid structure to provide discrete phase shifts covering the full 2π span with steps of π/4 by coiling up the space. By careful selection of the phase profiles in the transverse direction of the metasurfaces, some fascinating wavefront engineering phenomena are demonstrated, such as anomalous reflections, conversion of propagating waves into surface waves, planar aberration-free lens and nondiffracting Bessel beam generated by planar acoustic axicon. Our results could open up a new avenue for acoustic wavefront engineering and manipulations.
Sugar transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consumes mono- and disaccharides preferentially to any other carbon source. Since sugars do not freely permeate biological membranes, cellular uptake of these compounds requires the action of 'transporters'. The purpose of this review is to summarize the present knowledge on sugar transport in this organism. Yeast cells show two transporters for monosaccharides, the so-called glucose and galactose transporters that act by a facilitated diffusion mechanism. In the case of glucose transport, which also acts upon D-fructose and D-mannose, two components with high- and low-affinity constants have been identified kinetically. Activity of the high-affinity component is dependent on the presence of active kinases whereas activity of the low-affinity component is independent of the presence of these enzymes. Three genes, SNF3, HXT1 and HXT2, encode three different glucose transporters with a high affinity for the substrates and are repressed by high concentrations of glucose in the medium. Kinetic studies suggest that at least one additional gene exists that encodes a transporter with a low affinity and is expressed constitutively. The present view is that there are several additional transporters for glucose that have not yet been identified. Galactose transport has only one natural substrate, D-galactose, and is encoded by the gene GAL2. Expression of this gene is induced by galactose and repressed by glucose. Two transporters for disaccharides have been identified in S. cerevisiae: maltose and alpha-methylglucoside transporters. These transporters are H(+)-symports that depend on the electrochemical proton gradient and are independent of the ATP level. The gene that encodes the maltose transporter is clustered with the other two genes required for maltose utilization in a locus that is found repeated at different chromosomal locations. Its expression is induced by maltose and repressed by glucose. The rate of sugar uptake in yeast cells is controlled by changes in affinity of the corresponding transporters as well as by an irreversible inactivation that affects their Vmax. The mechanisms involved in these regulatory processes are unknown at present.
Evaluation of Existing GMPLS Protocols against Multi-Layer and Multi-Region Networks (MLN/MRN) (2008)

This document provides an evaluation of Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) protocols and mechanisms against the requirements for Multi-Layer Networks (MLNs) and Multi-Region Networks (MRNs). In addition, this document identifies areas where additional protocol extensions or procedures are needed to satisfy these requirements, and provides guidelines for potential extensions.
Overexpression of the Catalytically Impaired Taspase1T234V or Taspase1D233A Variants Does Not Have a Dominant Negative Effect in T(4;11) Leukemia Cells (2012)

Collectively, our results demonstrate that inefficient heterodimerization appears to be the mechanism by which inactive Taspase1 variants fail to inhibit wild type Taspase1's activity in trans. Our work favours strategies targeting Taspase1's catalytic activity rather than attempts to block the formation of active Taspase1 dimers to interfere with the pathobiological function of AF4•MLL.
Identification of Dicarboxylic Acids in Polymeric Esters (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of Dicarboxylic Acids in Polymeric EstersR. W. Stafford, J. F. Shay, and R. J. FrancelCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 4, 656–661Publication Date (Print):April 20, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 20 April 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60088a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60088a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Unobtrusive Integration of Magnetic Generator Systems into Common Footwear (2000)

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2000.
Activity and tolerability of the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitor PCI-32765 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL): Interim results of a phase Ib/II study. (2011)

6508 Background: Btk is essential to B-cell development and function. Btk is highly-expressed in CLL and its inhibition by the potent irreversible inhibitor PCI32765 (P) promotes apoptosis and inhibition of cytokine, chemokine, microenvironment-mediated signaling, proliferation, and chemotaxis ex vivo. We report interim results of a large Phase Ib/II trial of P in CLL/SLL. Methods: Two cohorts (previously untreated [PU] >65 yrs old and relapsed/refractory [R/R] disease following at least 2 prior therapies [Rx] including fludarabine) of CLL patients (pts) were treated with oral P administered daily for 28-d cycles until progression of disease (PD). Doses of 420mg (24 PU and 27 R/R) and 840 QD (31 R/R) were examined. Results: Of the 78 pts enrolled, data from the first 39 pts will be sufficiently mature as of May 2011 to assess IWCLL2008/Cheson response criteria. R/R pts had a median age of 64, 37% were Rai III/IV, and median of 3 (range 2-10) prior Rx. 87% had at least one poor-risk molecular feature: del(17p)-30%, del(11q)-21%, IgVH un-mutated 70%. Treatment has been well tolerated with grade >3 AEs potentially related to P in 26% of pts. >Gr 3 cytopenias have been noted in <5% of pts. No pts have had LFT elevations. In evaluable pts with lymphadenopathy, the rate of nodal response (LNR; >50% reduction in target lesions) is 89% (25/28 pts). An increase in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) occurred in 75% of pts and has decreased over time in the vast majority. At a median follow-up of 4 months, 17 (44%) have a PR (n=15, 39%) or CR/CRu (n=2, 5%). Response has been similar in all genomic groups. Notably, 4 of 12 pts with del(17p) have responded and 7 others remain on P Rx with improving SD. Mature response data will be updated. At a median follow-up of 4 months, 34/39 pts in the 420 mg cohort remain on P therapy with only one PD. Conclusions: PCI32765 is highly active and well tolerated in CLL/SLL pts irrespective of high risk genomic abnormalities. Although follow-up is short, the high response rate and very low progression rate suggests that PCI-32765 may be an important new targeted treatment approach for CLL pts, including those with del(17p).