gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absolute calibration of atomic density measurements by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy with two-photon excitation (2001)

The two-photon resonances of atomic hydrogen ( = 2 205.1 nm), atomic nitrogen ( = 2 206.6 nm) and atomic oxygen ( = 2 225.6 nm) are investigated together with two selected transitions in krypton ( = 2 204.2 nm) and xenon ( = 2 225.5 nm). The natural lifetimes of the excited states, quenching coefficients for the most important collisions partners, and the relevant ratios of the two-photon excitation cross sections are measured. These data can be applied to provide a calibration for two-photon laser-induced fluorescence measurements based on comparisons with spectrally neighbouring noble gas resonances.
Total Mastectomy with Special Reference to Surgical Technique, Extent of Axillary Dissection and Complications (1988)

Total mastectomy and partial axillary dissection as advised in the DBCG (Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group) protocols was performed in 104 consecutive females with operable primary invasive breast cancer, aged 34-82 years, median 47 years. The glandular removal was complete as assessed by microscopic examination of side resection planes and deep fascia of the surgical specimen. The number of removed axillary lymph nodes ranged from 1 to 28, median 8. The mortality was zero. There were no general complications. Wound complications comprised seroma (47.1%), flap margin necrosis (5.8%) and infection (1.9%). The pitfalls in securing total mastectomy are discussed as is the extent of axillary dissection for staging purposes. Furthermore, the problem of axillary dissection and axillary irradiation in node positive patients is considered.
SU-D-213-05: Design, Evaluation and First Applications of a Off-Site State-Of-The-Art 3D Dosimetry System (2015)

Purpose: To design, construct and commission a prototype in-house three dimensional (3D) dose verification system for stereotatic body radiotherapy (SBRT) verification at an off-site partner institution. To investigate the potential of this system to achieve sufficient performance (1mm resolution, 3% noise, within 3% of true dose reading) for SBRT verification. Methods: The system was designed utilizing a parallel ray geometry instigated by precision telecentric lenses and an LED 630nm light source. Using a radiochromic dosimeter, a 3D dosimetric comparison with our gold-standard system and treatment planning software (Eclipse) was done for a four-field box treatment, under gamma passing criteria of 3%/3mm/10% dose threshold. Post off-site installation, deviations in the system's dose readout performance was assessed by rescanning the four-field box irradiated dosimeter and using line-profiles to compare on-site and off-site mean and noise levels in four distinct dose regions. As a final step, an end-to-end test of the system was completed at the off-site location, including CT-simulation, irradiation of the dosimeter and a 3D dosimetric comparison of the planned (Pinnacle3) to delivered dose for a spinal SBRT treatment(12 Gy per fraction). Results: The noise level in the high and medium dose regions of the four field box treatment was relatively 5% pre and post installation. This reflects the reduction in positional uncertainty through the new design. This At 1mm dose voxels, the gamma pass rates(3%,3mm) for our in-house gold standard system and the off-site system were comparable at 95.8% and 93.2% respectively. Conclusion: This work will describe the end-to-end process and results of designing, installing, and commissioning a state-of-the-art 3D dosimetry system created for verification of advanced radiation treatments including spinal radiosurgery.
The Membrane Alternative Energy Implications for Industry (1990)

Overview of membranes. Electrochemical process applications. Desination technologies compare. Membranes in power generation. The effect of pulsed flow on ultrafiltration fluxes in a baffled tubular membrane system. Air sterilization. Concentration in the food and beverage industries without evaporation. Fundamentals of pervaporation for ethanol/water separation. Recent advances in cellulosic membranes for gas separation and pervaporation. Hydrogen from off-gases. The applications of membrane technology in the natural gas industry. Alcohol dehydration by pervaporation. The osmotic engine. The future of membranes in the offshore industries. Twenty-first Consultative Conference of the Watt Committee on Energy. The Watt Committee on Energy. Member institutions of the Watt Committee on Energy. Watt Committee reports.
An Approximate Algorithm for the Partitionable Independent Task Scheduling Problem. (1990)

Scheduling a collection of tasks on a multiprocessor, consisting of p processors, that minimizes the maximum completion time has attracted a lot of attention in the literature [12]. In this paper, we introduce a new problem of scheduling a collection of independent tasks on a multiprocessor, called the partitionable independent task scheduling problem. Associated with each task, we are given the time it takes to run on a uniprocessor, and speedup that can be obtained by running it on i processors, 1i p . We present an approximate algorithm that guarantees a solution within (1+1/p ) 2 ####### of the optimal solution, under a reasonable assumption on the speedup functions. 1.INTRODUCTION The problem that we are interested will be called the partitionable independent task scheduling problem. This problem arises when a parallel algorithm is designed for the circuit extraction problem, where the input is specified hierarchically [3]. It involves scheduling n independent tasks T 1 , . . ....
High spectral purity frequency sources using low noise regenerative frequency dividers (2002)

Regenerative frequency dividers with input frequency in the range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz were studied. The phase noise of such dividers shows a 1/f spectrum corresponding to 155 dB. These performances are much better than those of GaAs digital frequency dividers. Using these regenerative frequency dividers at the VHF output of a synthesizer, a frequency source of high spectral purity was achieved, working in the range of 5 to 20 MHz. It can be used to test the spectral purity of oscillators in this frequency range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Untersuchungen zum Wirkungsmechanismus glykosidspaltender Enzyme, III. Markierung des aktiven Zentrums einer β-Glucosidase aus<i>Aspergillus wentii</i>mit [<sup>14</sup>C]Condurit-B-epoxid (1968)

Article Untersuchungen zum Wirkungsmechanismus glykosidspaltender Enzyme, III. Markierung des aktiven Zentrums einer β-Glucosidase aus Aspergillus wentii mit [14C]Condurit-B-epoxid was published on January 1, 1968 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 349, issue 1).
Automated robotic monitoring and inspection of steel structures and bridges (2018)

Summary This paper presents visual and 3D structure inspection for steel structures and bridges using a developed climbing robot. The robot can move freely on a steel surface, carry sensors, collect data and then send to the ground station in real-time for monitoring as well as further processing. Steel surface image stitching and 3D map building are conducted to provide a current condition of the structure. Also, a computer vision-based method is implemented to detect surface defects on stitched images. The effectiveness of the climbing robot's inspection is tested in multiple circumstances to ensure strong steel adhesion and successful data collection. The detection method was also successfully evaluated on various test images, where steel cracks could be automatically identified, without the requirement of some heuristic reasoning.
Photoreactivity of Sol−Gel TiO<sub>2</sub> Films Formed on Soda-Lime Glass Substrates:  Effect of SiO<sub>2</sub> Underlayer Containing Fluorine (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhotoreactivity of Sol−Gel TiO2 Films Formed on Soda-Lime Glass Substrates: Effect of SiO2 Underlayer Containing FluorineAkihiko Hattori, Koji Shimoda, Hiroaki Tada, and Seishiro ItoView Author Information Nippon Sheet Glass Techno-Research Co., Ltd., 1, Kaidoshita, Konoike, Itami, Hyogo 664-8520, Japan, Environmental Science Research Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan Cite this: Langmuir 1999, 15, 16, 5422–5425Publication Date (Web):June 25, 1999Publication History Received2 September 1998Revised30 April 1999Published online25 June 1999Published inissue 1 August 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la981148nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la981148nbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1196Altmetric-Citations102LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amorphous materials,Crystallinity,Ions,Oxides,Photoreactivity Get e-Alerts
Patterns of Upper Airway Obstruction on Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Patients with Sleep‐Disordered Breathing with AHI <5 (2017)

Patients with sleep-disordered breathing with AHI <5 have significant upper airway obstruction as seen on DISE. DISE findings indicate that a majority of these patients have multiple levels of upper airway obstruction, which can lead to significant symptoms.
AC133 Antigen Expression Is Not Restricted to Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blasts But Is Also Found on Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Blasts and on a Subset of CD34+ B-Cell Precursors (1999)

To the Editor:

Human AC133 antigen is a 5-transmembrane molecule that belongs to the prominin family.[1-4][1] In the hematopoietic system, AC133 expression is restricted to a subset of CD34+progenitor/stem cells[1][1] and to leukemic blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).[2][2] [5-
Personal Robots as Ubiquitous-Multimedial-Mobile Web Interfaces (2007)

Personal robots are designed to provide entertainment, companion and communication interfaces. They can play an important role as natural, flexible and non-invasive interfaces to access the Web. The use of personal robots as Web interfaces is in concordance with the tendency of integrating Web technologies in the normal human activities. In general terms, we propose that personal robots can implement the everyday computing paradigm, which basically scales ubiquitous computing with respect to time. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to propose the use of personal robots as ubiquitous, multimedial, mobile, self-personalized, natural and empathic Web and Internet interfaces. We introduce Bender, a personal robot whose design incorporates these ideas.
Organic Pigment Particles Coated with Colloidal Nano-Silica Particles via Layer-by-Layer Assembly (2005)

An organic pigment was successfully coated with colloidal silica particles using the layer-by-layer assembly technique to improve the weatherability and dispersion ability in waterborne systems. It was found that the nano-silica content or the thickness of the nano-silica shell could be modulated by the numbers of both polyelectrolyte layers and nano-silica layers. The first layer of nano-silica assembly obviously increased the particle size of the organic pigment, causing a relatively rough surface, an obvious augment in shell thickness, and a broad pore size distribution, but the second and the third layers of nano-silica assembly preferred to fill the pores caused by the first layer of silica, causing a relatively smooth surface, slight increases in shell thickness and surface Si content, and a narrow pore size distribution. The nano-silica particles coated on the surfaces of organic particles could obviously scatter the UV light especially after the second and third layers of silica assembly.
Analysis for Distinctive Activation Patterns of Pain and Itchy in the Human Brain Cortex Measured Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) (2013)

Pain and itch are closely related sensations, yet qualitatively quite distinct. Despite recent advances in brain imaging techniques, identifying the differences between pain and itch signals in the brain cortex is difficult due to continuous temporal and spatial changes in the signals. The high spatial resolution of positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has substantially advanced research of pain and itch, but these are uncomfortable because of expensiveness, importability and the limited operation in the shielded room. Here, we used near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which has more conventional usability. NIRS can be used to visualize dynamic changes in oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in the capillary networks near activated neural circuits in real-time as well as fMRI. We observed distinct activation patterns in the frontal cortex for acute pain and histamine-induced itch. The prefrontal cortex exhibited a pain-related and itch-related activation pattern of blood flow in each subject. Although it looked as though that activation pattern for pain and itching was different in each subject, further cross correlation analysis of NIRS signals between each channels showed an overall agreement with regard to prefrontal area involvement. As a result, pain-related and itch-related blood flow responses (delayed responses in prefrontal area) were found to be clearly different between pain (τ = +18.7 sec) and itch (τ = +0.63 sec) stimulation. This is the first pilot study to demonstrate the temporal and spatial separation of a pain-induced blood flow and an itch-induced blood flow in human cortex during information processing.
Formal consistency checking over specifications in natural languages (2015)

Early stages of system development involve outlining desired features such as functionality, availability, or usability. Specifications are derived from these features that concretize vague ideas presented in natural languages. The challenge for the verification and validation of specifications arises from the syntax and semantic gap between different representations and the need of automatic tools. In this paper, we present a requirement-consistency maintenance framework to produce consistent representations. The first part is the automatic translation from natural languages describing functionalities to formal logic with an abstraction of time. It extends pure syntactic parsing by adding semantic reasoning and the support of partitioning input and output variables. The second part is the use of synthesis techniques to examine if the requirements are consistent in terms of realizability. When the process fails, the formulas that cause the inconsistency are reported to locate the problem.
Applications of Deep Learning in Fundus Images: A Review (2021)

The use of fundus images for the early screening of eye diseases is of great clinical importance. Due to its powerful performance, deep learning is becoming more and more popular in related applications, such as lesion segmentation, biomarkers segmentation, disease diagnosis and image synthesis. Therefore, it is very necessary to summarize the recent developments in deep learning for fundus images with a review paper. In this review, we introduce 143 application papers with a carefully designed hierarchy. Moreover, 33 publicly available datasets are presented. Summaries and analyses are provided for each task. Finally, limitations common to all tasks are revealed and possible solutions are given. We will also release and regularly update the state-of-the-art results and newly-released datasets at https://github.com/nkicsl/Fundus Review to adapt to the rapid development of this field.
REDUCTION OF LOCAL SCOUR AROUND BRIDGE PIERS USING SLOTS AND COLLARS. TECHNICAL NOTE (1999)

This study examines the use of pier slots and collars for reducing local scour at bridge piers. The efficacy of slots, of different lengths and at different angles of attack, was studied through experiments. The reduction of scour attributed to the placement of circular collars, of different sizes and at different elevations, was also investigated. Analysis of the data from the experiments as well as data from earlier studies led to an equation for the maximum scour depth around circular bridge piers fitted with collars. The equation applies to local scour of uniform-sized sediment in clear-water flow.
Magnetoresistances in Ferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions with Pinned Layers (1997)

Ferromagnetic tunnel junctions having naturally oxidized Al barriers were fabricated by magnetron sputtering. The junctions were patterned to 0.01 mm2 with metal masks. The tunnel resistance values varied broadly from 0.1 to 3000 ohms according to the oxidization conditions. Junctions with slightly oxidized (<5 hours) Al barriers had low tunnel resistances. Some of these junctions showed extraordinarily large MR ratios (10-80%), others had different tunnel resistances according to the current-flow path. In contrast, junctions with well oxidized (>100 hours) AI barriers exhibited higher tunnel resistances and good stability. The Ni-Fe/Co/Al-AlOx/Co/Ni-Fe/Fe-Mn/Ni-Fe junction showed a spin-valve-like R-H property. The MR ratio was 10% for a 20 Oe magnetic field. The barrier height calculated from the I-V characteristics was 1.4 eV, and the barrier width was 1.5 nm.
Coded ultrasound for blood flow estimation using subband processing (2008)

This paper investigates the use of coded excitation for blood flow estimation in medical ultrasound. Traditional autocorrelation estimators use narrow-band excitation signals to provide sufficient signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and velocity estimation performance. In this paper, broadband coded signals are used to increase SNR, followed by subband processing. The received broadband signal is filtered using a set of narrow-band filters. Estimating the velocity in each of the bands and averaging the results yields better performance compared with what would be possible when transmitting a narrow-band pulse directly. Also, the spatial resolution of the narrow-band pulse would be too poor for brightness-mode (B-mode) imaging, and additional transmissions would be required to update the B-mode image. For the described approach in the paper, there is no need for additional transmissions, because the excitation signal is broadband and has good spatial resolution after pulse compression. This means that time can be saved by using the same data for B-mode imaging and blood flow estimation. Two different coding schemes are used in this paper, Barker codes and Golay codes. The performance of the codes for velocity estimation is compared with a conventional approach transmitting a narrow-band pulse. The study was carried out using an experimental ultrasound scanner and a commercial linear array 7 MHz transducer. A circulating flow rig was scanned with a beam-to-flow angle of 60 degrees. The flow in the rig was laminar and had a parabolic flow-profile with a peak velocity of 0.09 m/s. The mean relative standard deviation of the velocity estimate using the reference method with an 8-cycle excitation pulse at 7 MHz was 0.544% compared with the peak velocity in the rig. Two Barker codes were tested with a length of 5 and 13 bits, respectively. The corresponding mean relative standard deviations were 0.367% and 0.310%, respectively. For the Golay coded experiment, two 8-bit codes were used, and the mean relative standard deviation was 0.335%.
Crystal structure of the high-temperature paraelectric phase in barium titanate BaTi2O5 (2005)

Crystal structure of a ferroelectric barium titanate BaTi2O5 was investigated by the Rietveld analysis of neutron powder diffraction data measured at 706°C. The crystal structure of BaTi2O5 at 706°C was refined assuming the centrosymmetric monoclinic A2∕m space group. The crystal structures of the high-temperature A2∕m and low-temperature A2 phases are similar. The displacement of atoms along the b axis is accompanied by the paraelectric A2∕m to ferroelectric A2 phase transformation. The A2∕m-A2 transition is not reconstructive but displacive.
Treatment of active psoriatic arthritis with the PPAR  ligand pioglitazone: an open-label pilot study (2004)

Treatment with a PPARgamma agonist appears to be a promising therapeutic principle in PsA, but the use of PPARgamma ligands might be limited by side-effects such as increase in weight and fluid retention.
A Computer Method for the Automatic Reduction of Spectroscopic Data (1967)

A computer program, written in Fortran IV and for use with an associated spectral comparator, has been developed at The Naval Research Laboratory for the purpose of automatically reducing spectroscopic data. A Datex digitalizing magnetic tape recorder in conjunction with a modified Jarrell-Ash microphotometer allows the reading of spectral information from a photographic plate at the rate of twentyfive data pairs per second. Spectra of local interest analyzed by this method are (1) absorption, (2) emission, (3) plasma type, obtained from time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, and (4) solar echellegrams obtained from rocket probings of the upper atmosphere. Markedly useful features of the program are its capabilities of (a) recognizing spectral peaks from a background of variable density, (b) obtaining absolute values for the radiance or irradiance. An essential characteristic of the method is the saving of significant amounts of time in the reduction of photographic spectroscopic data.
Contrastive Studies on the Category System of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2011)

This article makes a contrastive analysis on the first category and second category of traditional Chinese medicine among Chinese Traditional Medicine and Materia Mediea Subject Headings (third edition), the TCMLS Metathesaurus and Chinese Library Classification (fifth edition), and points out the features and defects in these classifications, hoping to give some useful proposals to the construction of traditional Chinese medicine vocabulary.

Key words: 
Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica Subject Headings; Traditional Chinese medical language system (TCMLS); the TCMLS metathesaurus; Chinese library classification
The architecture of a Linda coprocessor (1988)

We describe the architecture of a coprocessor that supports the communication primitives of the Linda parallel programming environment in hardware. The coprocessor is a critical element in the architecture of the Linda Machine, an MIMD parallel processing system that is designed top down from the specifications of Linda. Communication in Linda programs takes place through a logically shared associative memory mechanism called tuple space. The Linda Machine, however, has no physically shared memory. The microprogrammable coprocessor implements distributed protocols for executing tuple space operations over the Linda Machine communication network. The coprocessor has been designed and is in the process of fabrication. We discuss the projected performance of the coprocessor and compare it with software Linda implementations. This work is supported in part by National Science Foundation grants CCR-8657615 and ONR N00014-86-K-0310.