gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THROMBOXANE B2 AND HUMAN PARTURITION: CONCENTRATIONS IN THE PLASMA AND PRODUCTION IN VITRO (1978)

The concentration of thromboxane B2 has been measured in the plasma of women during late pregnancy, during term and pre-term labour, in women with pre-eclampsia and in umbilical cord arterial and venous plasma. In addition, the rates of production of thromboxane B2 in vitro were determined for placental tissues obtained after spontaneous vaginal delivery or elective Caesarean section. The results obtained indicate significant differences during parturition between the sources and controlling mechanisms of thromboxane and prostaglandin production.
A simple analytical method to estimate all exit parameters of a cross-flow air dehumidifier using liquid desiccant (2013)

The dehumidifier is a key component in liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems. Analytical solutions have more advantages than numerical solutions in studying the dehumidifier performance parameters. This paper presents the performance results of exit parameters from an analytical model of an adiabatic cross-flow liquid desiccant air dehumidifier. Calcium chloride is used as desiccant material in this investigation. A program performing the analytical solution is developed using the engineering equation solver software. Good accuracy has been found between analytical solution and reliable experimental results with a maximum deviation of +6.63% and -5.65% in the moisture removal rate. The method developed here can be used in the quick prediction of the dehumidifier performance. The exit parameters from the dehumidifier are evaluated under the effects of variables such as air temperature and humidity, desiccant temperature and concentration, and air to desiccant flow rates. The results show that hot humid air and desiccant concentration have the greatest impact on the performance of the dehumidifier. The moisture removal rate is decreased with increasing both air inlet temperature and desiccant temperature while increases with increasing air to solution mass ratio, inlet desiccant concentration, and inlet air humidity ratio.
STRATEGIES FOR DETERMINING HLA COMPATIBILITY IN RELATED DONOR BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (1997)

Transplant programs can apply these algorithms to determine the most cost-effective scheme for histocompatibility testing.
Correction: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Rice Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens in China (2013)

Rice false smut caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens is becoming a destructive disease throughout major rice-growing countries. Information about its genetic diversity and population structure is essential for rice breeding and efficient control of the disease. This study compared the genome sequences of two U. virens isolates. Three SNP-rich genomic regions were identified as molecular markers that could be used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of U. virens in China. A total of 56 multilocus sequence types (haplotypes) were identified out of 162 representative isolates from 15 provinces covering five major rice-growing areas in China. However, the phylogeny, based on sequences at individual SNP-rich regions, strongly conflicted with each other and there were significant genetic differences between different geographical populations. Gene flow between the different geographical populations and genetic differentiation within each geographical population were also detected. In addition, genetic recombination and genetic isolation resulting from geographic separation was also found.
Tuned red NIR phosphorescence of polyurethane hybrid composites embedding metallic nanoclusters for oxygen sensing (2015)

Polyurethane nanocomposites with high content of red NIR luminescent transition metal clusters are presented. The gas permeability of the hybrid material is controlled by adjusting the hard/soft segment ratio of the organic matrix structure leading to a drastic and reversible enhancement of cluster luminescence depending on the molecular oxygen concentration in its surrounding atmosphere.
Fast and scalable MPI-level broadcast using InfiniBand's hardware multicast support (2004)

Summary form only given. Modern high performance applications require efficient and scalable collective communication operations. Currently, most collective operations are implemented based on point-to-point operations. We propose to use hardware multicast in InfiniBand to design fast and scalable broadcast operations in MPl. InfiniBand supports multicast with unreliable datagram (UD) transport service. This makes it hard to be directly used by an upper layer such as MPl. To bridge the semantic gap between MPI/spl I.bar/Bcast and InfiniBand hardware multicast, we have designed and implemented a substrate on top of InfiniBand which provides functionalities such as reliability, inorder delivery and large message handling. By using a sliding-window based design, we improve MPI/spl I.bar/Bcast latency by removing most of the overhead in the substrate out of the communication critical path. By using optimizations such as a new coroot based scheme and delayed ACK, we can further balance and reduce the overhead. We have also addressed many detailed design issues such as buffer management, efficient handling of out-of-order and duplicate messages, timeout and retransmission, flow control and RDMA based ACK communication. Our performance evaluation shows that in an 8 node cluster testbed, hardware multicast based designs can improve MPl broadcast latency up to 58% and broadcast throughput up to 112%. The proposed solutions are also much more tolerant to process skew compared with the current point-to-point based implementation. We have also developed analytical model for our multicast based schemes and validated them with experimental numbers. Our analytical model shows that with the new designs, one can achieve MPl broadcast latency of small messages with 20.0/spl mu/s and of one MTU size message (around 1836 bytes of data payload) with 40.0/spl mu/s in a 1024 node cluster.
Lyophilized Lactic Acid Starter Culture Concentrates: Preparation and Use in Inoculation of Vat Milk for Cheddar and Cottage Cheese (1974)

A method to concentrate and lyophilize milk-grown cultures of lactic streptococci which produced cells active in fermentation is described. Inoculated nonfat milk was maintained at pH 6.3 by continuous addition of 30% aqueous sodium carbonate. After growth for 15 to 18 h at 30 C, the pH was adjusted to 6.9, and 4.5% sodium citrate was added to allow recovery of the cells by eentrifugation. The cells were resuspended in a medium of 10% sucrose, 5% sodium citrate, 5% gelatin, and 2% monosodittrn glutamate to 1/20th the original culture volume, and were frozen and lyophilized. Vials containing the dr), concentrate were sealed under vacuum, stored at --22 C and +22 C, and examined for cell viability and activity, Activity was assayed by simulating cottage and Cheddar cheese making procedures and measuring the final pH. Several lyophilized cultures maintained activity similar to conventional culture for storage of up to 3 mo. Cheddar and cottage cheese were made in 363-kg capacity vats with lyophilized and conventional cultures, and the dry concentrates performed as well as conventional cultures.
Scattering Pattern Analysis of Bacteria (1978)

There has been a strong need for a rapid automated technique to count bacteria in urine. This paper demonstrates that the optical scattering pattern analysis for a collection of heterogeneous particles in a tenuous solution can be effectively applied to species identification and concentration estimation for bacteria. The scattering patterns are measured with latex spheres and bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). They agree well with theoretical calculations using the Mie theory and the Rayleigh-Debye approximation, taking into account size distribution and random orientation. The parameters such as average size, axial ratio, size variation and refractive index are estimated to give a good agreement between the theory and the measurement. The values of the parameters agree with those in the literature. The scattering pattern is found to be sensitive to the aggregation of scatterers. The parameters obtained from the scattering pattern analysis are used to improve the estimation of bacterial concentrations by turbidimetry. The estimated values agree within a factor of 10 with those obtained by conventional culturing technique.
Real-Time Observation of Adsorbate Atom Motion Above a Metal Surface (2000)

The dynamics of cesium atom motion above the copper(111) surface following electronic excitation with light was studied with femtosecond (10(-15) seconds) time resolution. Unusual changes in the surface electronic structure within 160 femtoseconds after excitation, observed by time-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy, are attributed to atomic motion in a copper-cesium bond-breaking process. Describing the change in energy of the cesium antibonding state with a simple classical model provides information on the mechanical forces acting on cesium atoms that are "turned on" by photoexcitation. Within 160 femtoseconds, the copper-cesium bond extends by 0.35 angstrom from its equilibrium value.
Elevated serum levels of type I collagen degradation marker ICTP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 are associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer. (2001)

Our results indicated that ICTP and TIMP-1 are good prognostic markers in lung cancer. The association between serum MMP-9 and ICTP suggests that MMP-9 could play a role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix producing ICTP in this pathological situation.
Speech Signal Processing (2000)

A speech signal processing system comprises an audio processor (103) for providing a first signal representing an acoustic speech signal of a speaker. An EMG processor (109) provides a second signal which represents an electromyographic signal for the speaker captured simultaneously with the acoustic speech signal. A speech processor (105) is arranged to process the first signal in response to the second signal to generate a modified speech signal. The processing may for example be a beam forming, noise compensation, or speech encoding. Improved speech processing may be achieved in particular in an acoustically noisy environment.
Has Mortality from Sepsis Improved and What to Expect from New Treatment Modalities: Review of Current Insights (2009)

The mortality rate from severe sepsis has decreased significantly with modernization of ICU care. New therapeutic strategies may reduce further the mortality rate. However, focused implementation of these new strategies in accordance with their relative effectiveness is needed before we can expect to see their true effect on mortality rates.
Concerted action of ENaC, Nedd4–2, and Sgk1 in transepithelial Na<sup>+</sup>transport (2002)

The epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC), located in the apical membrane of renal aldosterone-responsive epithelia, plays an essential role in controlling the Na(+) balance of extracellular fluids and hence blood pressure. As of now, ENaC is the only Na(+) transport protein for which genetic evidence exists for its involvement in the genesis of both hypertension (Liddle's syndrome) and hypotension (pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1). The regulation of ENaC involves a variety of hormonal signals (aldosterone, vasopressin, insulin), but the molecular mechanisms behind this regulation are mostly unknown. Two regulatory proteins have gained interest in recent years: the ubiquitin-protein ligase neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally downregulated gene 4 isoform Nedd4-2, which negatively controls ENaC cell surface expression, and serum glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (Sgk1), which is an aldosterone- and insulin-dependent, positive regulator of ENaC density at the plasma membrane. Here, we summarize present ideas about Sgk1 and Nedd4-2 and the lines of experimental evidence, suggesting that they act sequentially in the regulatory pathways governed by aldosterone and insulin and regulate ENaC number at the plasma membrane.
Rufinamide for the treatment of Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (2011)

The data support a role for rufinamide in treating LGS. However, more efforts are required to provide antiepileptic drugs for this treatment-resistant epilepsy syndrome. Rufinamide might also be of value in treating other forms of epilepsy.
Towards event sequence representation, reasoning and visualization for EHR data (2012)

Efficient analysis of event sequences and the ability to answer time-related, clinically important questions can accelerate clinical research in several areas such as causality assessments, decision support systems, and retrospective studies. The Clinical Narrative Temporal Reasoning Ontology (CNTRO)-based system is designed for semantically representing, annotating, and inferring temporal relations and constraints for clinical events in Electronic Health Records (EHR) represented in both structured and unstructured ways. The LifeFlow system is designed to support an interactive exploration of event sequences using visualization techniques. The combination of the two systems will provide a comprehensive environment for users to visualize inferred temporal relationships from EHR data. This paper discusses our preliminary efforts on connecting the two systems and the benefits we envision from such an environment.
Interactome Map Reveals Phospholipid Scramblase 1 as a Novel Regulator of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (2014)

HBV X protein plays crucial roles during viral infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development through interaction with various host factors. Here, we mapped the interactome of HBx using a yeast two-hybrid screen. Nine human proteins were identified as novel interacting partners of HBx, one of which is phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1). PLSCR1 is an interferon-inducible protein that mediates antiviral activity against DNA and RNA viruses. However, the molecular mechanisms of PLSCR1 activity against HBV remain unclear. Here, we reported that PLSCR1 promotes HBx degradation by a proteasome- and ubiquitin-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we found that PLSCR1 inhibits HBx-mediated cell proliferation. After HBV infection, the protein level of PLSCR1 in plasma is elevated, and chronic hepatitis B patients with low plasma levels of PLSCR1 have a high risk of developing HCC. These results suggest that the nuclear trafficking of PLSCR1 mediates the antiviral activity and anticarcinogenesis against HBV by regulating HBx stability.
Population pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation to guide dose selection for RBP‐7000, a new sustained‐release formulation of risperidone (2014)

RBP-7000 is a long-acting formulation of risperidone designed for once-monthly subcutaneous injection for the treatment of schizophrenia. The objective was to estimate clinically effective doses of RBP-7000 based on model simulations and on the comparison with other long-acting injectable antipsychotics. A population pharmacokinetic model of RBP-7000 was developed in 90 clinically stable schizophrenic patients having received single/repeated doses of 60, 90, or 120 mg. Model simulations were conducted to compare active moiety plasma exposure after repeated RBP-7000 administrations to the published data of long-acting risperidone injection (Risperdal® Consta®) at 25 and 50 mg, and of paliperidone palmitate (Invega® Sustenna®) at 50 and 100 mg equivalent paliperidone. Predictions of dopamine D2 receptor occupancy were derived from the simulated active moiety concentrations. Simulations showed similar active moiety plasma exposure at steady-state for 90 mg of RBP-7000 and 25 mg of long-acting risperidone. In comparison to risperidone, RBP-7000 reached effective concentrations immediately after the first administration. RBP-7000 at the doses of 60 and 90 mg provided similar active moiety plasma concentrations at steady-state compared to 50 and 100 mg equivalent paliperidone, respectively. These findings provide guidance for dose selection in Phase III clinical trials and suggest potential benefits for RBP-7000 over competitors.
Exploiting Monolingual Data at Scale for Neural Machine Translation (2019)

Lijun Wu, Yiren Wang, Yingce Xia, Tao Qin, Jianhuang Lai, Tie-Yan Liu. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 2019.
Sp1-dependent activation of a synthetic promoter by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein. (1991)

The Tat protein coded by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a strong activator of viral gene expression from the long terminal repeat (LTR). It appears that Tat-mediated trans-activation of the HIV LTR is predominantly a transcriptional event. It has been reported that Tat acts at the level of both transcriptional initiation and elongation through interaction with a nascent RNA target sequence termed TAR (for trans-activation response element). However, the precise mechanism(s) by which Tat mediates TAR-dependent transcriptional activity is not known. To determine whether Tat functions similarly to other eukaryotic transcriptional activators through any of the conventional promoter elements, we tested Tat activity on synthetic promoters containing consensus sequences required for binding transcription factor Sp1 and a TATA box. Here, we report that a chimeric Tat protein targeted to the promoter region by the DNA-binding domain of yeast transcription factor GAL4 activates the synthetic promoter. Because this trans-activation depends on Sp1-binding sites, Tat can apparently mediate transcriptional activation through its interaction with Sp1. Mutational analysis of the gal4-tat chimeric gene reveals that the N-terminal 48-amino acid region of Tat constitutes the activation region for Sp1-dependent trans-activation. This region of Tat exhibits substantially more activity than the N-terminal 58 amino acids of Tat, which includes the arginine-rich basic region. Effects of specific mutations in the 48-amino acid Tat region of GAL4-Tat on trans-activation of the synthetic promoter mimic the effects of these specific mutations on Tat-mediated trans-activation of the HIV-1 LTR, suggesting that trans-activation of both the synthetic promoter and the intact LTR occurs by a common mechanism.
A new fault-identification method using a dichroic reflective optical filter in optical subscriber loops (1993)

A new method is studied which can automatically identify faults between an optical line and the transmission equip- ment on the subscriber side. This method employs a 13/1.55- pm-WDM dichroic reflective optical filter and a 1.55-pm-band OTDR. The filter is inserted between the optical line and the transmission equipment. The level and distance of reflection from the filter are measured with a 1.55-pm-band OTDR from the central office in this fault identification method. The required characteristics and structural design method for the filter are discussed. A prototype of the filter is fabricated and which achieves the target characteristics and reliability. System eval- uation experiments are carried out and the possibility of 100% fault identification is confirmed as a result of accuracy tests in the field.
Path-following for nonminimum phase systems removes performance limitations (2005)

We highlight an essential difference between path-following and reference-tracking for nonminimum phase systems. It is well known that in the reference-tracking, for nonminimum phase systems, there exists a fundamental performance limitation in terms of a lower bound on the L/sub 2/-norm of the tracking error, even when the control effort is free. We show that this is not the case for the less stringent path-following problem, where the control objective is to force the output to follow a geometric path without a timing law assigned to it. Furthermore, the same is true even when an additional desired speed assignment is imposed.
Host and geographic structure of endophytic and endolichenic fungi at a continental scale (2012)

Our study provides a first evaluation of endophytic and endolichenic fungal associations with their hosts at a continental scale. Both plants and lichens harbor abundant and diverse fungal communities whose incidence, diversity, and composition reflect the interplay of climatic patterns, geographic separation, host type, and host lineage. Although culture-free methods will inform future work, our study sets the stage for empirical assessments of ecological specificity, metabolic capability, and comparative genomics.
Labeled Carcinoembryonic Antigen Antibodies Excitable by Infrared Rays. A Novel Diagnostic Method for Micro Cancers in the Digestive Tract. (1999)

Specific antibodies labeled with ICG-sulfo-OSu have significant affinity to cancer cells and seem to reflect sufficient amounts of fluorescence by IR to be useful in a system for the endoscopic detection of micro cancers using the immunohistochemical staining method.
Accurate Human-Limb Segmentation in RGB-D Images for Intelligent Mobility Assistance Robots (2015)

Mobility impairment is one of the biggest challenges faced by elderly people in today's society. The inability to move about freely poses severe restrictions on their independence and general quality of life. This work is dedicated to developing intelligent robotic platforms that assist users to move without requiring a human attendant. This work was done in the context of an EU project involved in developing an intelligent robot for elderly user assistance. The robot is equipped with a Kinect sensor, and the vision component of the project has the responsibility of locating the user, estimating the user's pose, and recognizing gestures by the user. All these goals can take advantage of a method that accurately segments human-limbs in the colour (RGB) and depth (D) images captured by the Kinect sensor. We exploit recent advances in deep-learning to develop a system that performs accurate semantic segmentation of human limbs using colour and depth images. Our novel technical contributions are the following: 1) we describe a scheme for manual annotation of videos, that eliminates the need to annotate segmentation masks in every single frame, 2) we extend a state of the art deep learning system for semantic segmentation, to exploit diverse RGB and depth data, in a single framework for training and testing, 3) we evaluate different variants of our system and demonstrate promising performance, as well the contribution of diverse data, on our in-house Human-Limb dataset. Our method is very efficient, running at 8 frames per second on a GPU.
Disturbance Propagation in Vehicle Strings (2004)

This note focuses on disturbance propagation in vehicle strings. It is known that using only relative spacing information to follow a constant distance behind the preceding vehicle leads to string instability. Specifically, small disturbances acting on one vehicle can propagate and have a large effect on another vehicle. We show that this limitation is due to a complementary sensitivity integral constraint. We also examine how the disturbance to error gain for an entire platoon scales with the number of vehicles. This analysis is done for the predecessor following strategy as well as a control structure where each vehicle looks at both neighbors.
Techniques for interactive design using the PDE method (1999)

Interactive design of practical surfaces using the partial differential equation (PDE) method is considered. The PDE method treats surface design as a boundary value problem (ensuring that surfaces can be defined using a small set of design parameters). Owing to the elliptic nature of the PDE operator, the boundary conditions imposed around the edges of the surface control the internal shape of the surface. Moreover, surfaces obtained in this manner tend to be smooth and fair. The PDE chosen has a closed form solution allowing the interactive manipulation of the surfaces in real time. Thus we present efficient techniques by which we show how surfaces of practical significance can be constructed interactively in real time.