gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composition analysis of sugar of the earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme (1997)

Te earthworm fibrinolytic enzyme was prepared by affinity chromatography using soy bean trypsin inhibitor as a ligand. It was a set of glycoproteins. The protocols used were phenol sulfuric acid method, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method and thin-layer chromatography of silic gel G. It was shown that the sugar the enzyme contained was about 15% and mainly neutrol hexose. The enzyme was lost its activity after sugar being deleted with TFMS.
Discovery of Clinical Candidate <i>N</i>-((1<i>S</i>)-1-(3-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-methoxyethyl)-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrido[2,3-<i>b</i>]pyrazine-4(1<i>H</i>)-carboxamide (TAK-915): A Highly Potent, Selective, and Brain-Penetrating Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders (2017)

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A inhibitors have emerged as a novel mechanism with potential therapeutic option to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease through upregulation of cyclic nucleotides in the brain and thereby achieve potentiation of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways. This article details the expedited optimization of our recently disclosed pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine lead compound 4b, leading to the discovery of clinical candidate 36 (TAK-915), which demonstrates an appropriate combination of potency, PDE selectivity, and favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, including brain penetration. Successful identification of 36 was realized through application of structure-based drug design (SBDD) to further improve potency and PDE selectivity, coupled with prospective design focused on physicochemical properties to deliver brain penetration. Oral administration of 36 demonstrated significant elevation of 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in mouse brains and improved cognitive performance in a novel object recognition task in rats. Consequently, compound 36 was advanced into human clinical trials.
Purification and characterization of protein kinase C from rabbit iris smooth muscle. Myosin light-chain phosphorylation <i>in vitro</i> and in intact muscle (1988)

Protein kinase C of rabbit iris smooth muscle was purified by the sequential use of three chromatographic steps, i.e. anion-exchange (DEAE-cellulose), gel filtration (Sephadex G-150) and substrate affinity (protamine-agarose), and its properties were investigated by using as substrate myosin light-chain protein (MLC) isolated from the same tissue. The enzyme appeared as a single band on SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, with a molecular mass of approx. 80 kDa. Histone H-1 and iris muscle MLC, but not rabbit skeletal-muscle MLC, were effective substrates for the enzyme, with apparent Km values of 3.0 and 16.6 microM respectively. The enzyme, with MLC as substrate, had the following characteristics. (a) Its activity was dependent on Ca2+ and phosphatidylserine (PS). In the presence of Ca2+ and PS, diolein and phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu) increased its activity by 61 and 65% respectively. Half-maximal activation of the enzyme (Ka) occurred at 10 microM free Ca2+, and in the presence of diolein and PDBu the apparent Ka for Ca2+ was decreased to 3 microM and 2 microM respectively. (b) Studies on the relative potency of various cofactors in activating the enzyme revealed that PS, phorbol myristate acetate and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonylglycerol were the most potent of the phospholipids, phorbol esters and diacylglycerols respectively. (c) H-7, a protein kinase C inhibitor, inhibited MLC phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, with 50% inhibition at 10 microM. (d) Addition of carbamoylcholine (for 1 min) or PDBu (for 25 min) to iris sphincter muscle prelabelled with [32P]Pi specifically increased MLC phosphorylation, and only the stimulatory effect of the muscarinic agonist was blocked by atropine. The data provide additional support for a role for protein kinase C in the contractile response of the iris smooth muscle.
Molecular and Functional Properties of a Calpain Activator Protein Specific for μ-Isoforms (1998)

A natural calpain activator protein has been isolated from bovine brain and characterized in its properties and molecular structure. The protein is a homodimer with a molecular mass of about 30 kDa and results in being almost identical to UK114 goat liver protein. Significant similarities with mouse HR12 protein were also observed, whereas a lower degree of similarity was found with a family of heat-responsive proteins named YJGF and YABJ from Haemophilus influenzae and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The brain activator expresses a strict specificity for the mu-calpain isoform, being completely ineffective on the m-calpain form. As expected, also UK114 was found to possess calpain-activating properties, indistinguishable from those of bovine brain activator. A protein showing the same calpain-activating activity has been also isolated from human red cells, indicating that this factor is widely expressed. All these activators are efficient on mu-calpain independently from the source of the proteinase. The high degree of specificity of the calpain activator for a single calpain isoform may be relevant for the understanding of sophisticated intracellular mechanisms underlying intracellular proteolysis. These data are indicating the existence of a new component of the Ca2+-dependent proteolytic system, constituted of members of a chaperonin-like protein family and capable of promoting intracellular calpain activation.
Molecular proximity of seprase and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor on malignant melanoma cell membranes: dependence on beta1 integrins and the cytoskeleton (2002)

Previous studies have shown that several proteolytic enzymes are associated with membrane protrusions at the leading edge of migrating tumor cells. In this study we demonstrate that seprase and the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), co-localize in the plasma membrane of LOX malignant melanoma cells. Cells were labeled with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against seprase and uPAR. Proximity between these two molecules was detected with resonance energy transfer (RET) imaging, single-cell emission spectrophotometry, and single-cell excitation spectrophotometry. Significant RET signals were detected on LOX cells when adherent to uncoated and extracellular matrix (ECM)-coated surfaces. This indicates that seprase and uPAR are within approximately 7 nm in the plasma membrane of LOX cells. When LOX cells adhered to a 3D extracellular-like matrix, seprase-uPAR complexes were found to be associated with invadopodia. Further microscopy experiments demonstrated gelatinolytic activity, a functional attribute of seprase, in association with seprase-uPAR membrane domains. Formation of seprase-uPAR membrane complexes is dependent upon both the cytoskeleton and integrins. Specifically, the involvement of beta(1)-integrins was demonstrated by the inhibition of RET by an inhibitory anti-beta(1)-integrin mAb. Based on these findings, we speculate that formation of heterogeneous lytic domains in the invading membranes of LOX cells increases the efficiency of directed pericellular proteolysis.
Estimation of the glottal pulse from speech or singing voice (2012)

Tese de mestrado. Engenharia Biomedica. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012
Mobile and Pervasive Construction Visualization Using Outdoor Augmented Reality (2012)

This chapter describes the applicability of AR-based visualization for animating dynamic operations modeled and simulated using Discrete Event Simulation (DES). Introduce firstly are developed outdoor AR registration algorithms that use the Global Positioning System (GPS) and electronic compasses to place CAD models with correct pose in users’ views. Secondly, an AR animation authoring language called ARVISCOPE is introduced; it is capable of generating animations of arbitrary length and complexity at the operations level of detail using external software processes, such as running DES models. Several examples of pervasive outdoor AR visualization created using the authoring language are presented at the end. These smooth and chronologically accurate animations include an offshore concrete delivery operation, an earthmoving operation, and a structural steel erection operation.
Complex interference optimization for power loss reduction in MIMO-THP transmission (2011)

Power loss is one of the major drawbacks in multiple input multiple output Tomlinson Harashima precoding (MIMO-THP) schemes. In this work we explore the potential of alleviating this by optimizing the interference to be canceled. Since both the desired and interfering signals originate from the base station (BS) of the downlink system, the resulting interference can be influenced to reduce the transmission power required to cancel it, without altering the information content of the downlink message. The aim is to bring the interference closer to the replica of the desired symbol in the modulo-extended constellation. By doing so, the quantized distance between the useful signal and interference is reduced and therefore the power required to pre-subtract interference is decreased. The presented analysis and results show a considerable transmit power reduction with the proposed technique compared to conventional MIMO-THP for both zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean squared error (MMSE) approaches.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SHEAR BOND QUALITY OF THREE COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ORTHODONTIC ADHESIVES BASED UPON THEIR FILLER CONTENT- AN IN VITRO STUDY. (2020)

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare Shear bond strength,adhesive remnant index of three different commercially available composite materials depending upon their filler content. Materials and Methods: 90 maxillary premolar teeth were placed in three groups(n=30) bonded with steel metal brackets using three orthodontic adhesives-Transbond XT, Transbond plus, and transbond supreme LV. Shear bond strength of each adhesive were evaluated with testing machine. Adhesive scores were calculated using stereomicroscope. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all the groups.Comparisons of the means Shear bond strength values were completed with analysis of variance (ANOVA).Multiple comparisons were undertaken using Tukey Kramer test. The results of shear bond quality were subjected to Bartletts test which facilitates accurate comparison between the groups.Results: Transbond XT showed highest, whereas Transbond plus showed lowest mean value among all groups (P < 0.05),while chi square test showed significant difference in adhesive remnant index scores of all three groups. Conclusion: 1- Bond quality of orthodontic adhesives depends on the filler level.2- Higher filled Transbond XT seem to provide greater bond strength than do lower filled Transbond supreme LV and Transbond Plus.3- Adhesive remnant index is not dependent on filler content of adhesives used in study. Transbond in addition to shading change adhesivehas better bond failures than Transbond supreme lv and Transbond XT when ARI of all groups were compared.
Water movement in a reclaimed site and associated soils at a mine site in western North Dakota. (1980)

Water movement through the plant root zone was studied on plots established on several types and a reclaimed soil profile. Infiltration data were analyzed using the equation Q = ct^(d) and data from water movement studies were applied to the equation W = aX^(b+1)T^(-b). In soils initial infiltration rates were relatively slow, but the rates sustained for two hours were considered high. Measurements of water content redistribution after flooding indicated that water movement through these soils was unimpeded. A low correlation coefficient resulted when water content data from the reclaimed site were fitted to the model equation. However, water contents and drainage, calculated from the model equation were reasonably good estimates of measured values for the reclaimed site and the undisturbed soils.
Molecular analysis of the t(2;8)/<i>MYC–IGK</i> translocation in high‐grade lymphoma/leukemia by long‐distance inverse PCR (2011)

Burkitt lymphoma and a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas are characterized by chromosomal alterations affecting the MYC oncogene on 8q24. In most cases MYC is found juxtaposed to the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene locus. Translocations to the immunoglobulin kappa (IGK) gene locus on 2p11 are observed in around 5-10% of cases. Little data exist on the molecular mechanisms leading to this aberration. The chromosomal breakpoints on chromosome 8 have been found dispersed over a large area 3' of MYC. In order to obtain a better understanding of this chromosomal translocation we developed a long-distance inverse (LDI) PCR method for the identification of chromosomal translocations affecting the IGK locus. We investigated a number of cytogenetically mostly uncharacterized high-grade lymphoma samples and identified a MYC-IGK juxtaposition in seven patients and three t(2;8)-positive cell lines. The chromosomal breakpoints were molecularly characterized and analyzed. The linear distance of the breakpoints on chromosome 8 to MYC ranged from some 100 bp to more than 0.5 MB. The reciprocal translocated allele could be characterized in the majority of cases. This study represents the largest series of t(2;8)-positive cases analyzed so far. The LDI PCR method developed here should also be useful for the analysis of chromosomal translocations affecting the IGK locus in general.
Turbo product codes for performance improvement of optical CDMA systems (2002)

The application of turbo product codes (TPC) in asynchronous (or synchronous) intensity modulated direct detection optical code division multiple access (CDMA) systems with on-off keying (OOK) is proposed in this study. Optical multiple access interference (OMAI) caused by other users, is the main source of noise that degrades system performance and limits the total number of active users in optical CDMA. The original turbo product decoding algorithm is modified according to the channel model of a direct detection optical CDMA system and it is shown that the implementation of turbo product codes in such a system provides significant improvement of the bit-error rate (BER) permitting a higher number of active users with less complex transmitters and receivers.
Usage of allogeneic single layered tissue engineered skin enhance wound treatment in sheep. (2008)

A major factor limiting survival following extensive thermal injury is insufficient availability of donor sites to provide enough skin for the required grafting procedures. Limitation of autologous grafting promotes the usage of allograft skin substitutes to promote wound healing. Here, we investigated the wound healing potential of allograft single layered tissue engineered skin which comprises of either keratinocytes (SLTES-K) or fibroblast (SLTES-F) with fibrin as the delivery system. Results from gross and microscopic evaluation showed our single layered tissue engineered skin constructed with keratinocytes or fibroblast after gamma radiation with the dosage of 2Gy could serve as allograft for the treatment of skin loss.
Amniotic fluid and serum biomarkers from women with neural tube defect–affected pregnancies: a case study for myelomeningocele and anencephaly (2013)

The levels of epigenetic marks, such as H3K4me, H3K27me3, H3K9Ac, and H3K18A, in cultured AFSCs in combination with levels of key developmental proteins, such as BMP4 and Shh, are potential biomarkers for early detection and identification of NTDs in amniotic fluid and maternal serum.
A survey of distributed deadlock detection algorithms (1986)

This paper surveys research work performed within the last five years in distributed deadlock detection. The last survey paper on this topic appeared in 1980; since that time a large number of interesting algorithms have been discribed in the literature. A new, more efficient scheme is the probe-based deadlock detection strategy used by many of the new algorithms. This paper will concentrate on distributed deadlock detection algorithms. Only detection of resource deadlocks will be reviewed here, though other types of deadlock handling strategies and environments are briefly mentioned.
Three-dimensional imaging of steeply dipping structure near the San Andreas Fault, Parkfield, California (1988)

Abstract Shot gathers from the Parkfield, California, deep crustal seismic reflection line, recorded in 1977 by COCORP, reveal coherent events having horizontal to reverse moveouts. These events were migrated using a multioffset three-dimensional Kirchhoff summation method. This method is a ray-equation back projection inversion of the acoustic wave field, which is valid under the Born, WKBJ, and far-field assumptions. Migration of full-wave acoustic synthetics, having the same limitations in geometric coverage as the COCORP survey, demonstrates the utility of the imaging process. The images obtained from back projection of the survey data suggest that the Gold Hill fault carries ultramafic rocks from the surface to 3 km depth at a dip greater than 45 degrees, where it joins the San Andreas fault, which may cut through more homogeneous materials at shallow depths. To the southwest, a 2 km Tertiary sedimentary section appears to terminate against a near-vertical fault. The zone between this fault and the San Andreas may be floored at 3 km by flat-lying ultramafics. Lateral velocity inhomogeneities are not accounted for in the migration but, in this case, do not seriously hinder the reconstruction of reflectors.
Nickel oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis and spectral studies of interactions with glucose (2013)

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the reaction of nickel chloride with hydrazine at room temperature and thermal decomposition of the precursor nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanoparticles. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The result of thermogravimetric analysis showed that the Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles are calcinated at ∼400 °C. The interactions between NiO nanoparticles and glucose have been studied using UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The zeta-potential of NiO nanoparticles was used to gain insight about the interaction mode between NiO nanoparticles and glucose.
High‐resolution electroencephalography and source localization in neonates (2007)

Although Electroencephalography (EEG) source localization is being widely used in adults, this promising technique has not yet been applied to newborns because of technical difficulties, such as lack of data concerning the newborn skull conductivity, thickness, and homogeneity. Using a new type of EEG headcap molded on each baby's head, we aimed to determine whether this technique could be adapted to neonates, and to evaluate the importance of these technical difficulties. We carried out EEG source reconstruction of the recordings of five neonates using dipole fit algorithm. We used four different head models for each neonate, obtained from individual MRI scans: normal skull thickness and conductivity of 0.0042 S/m; normal thickness and conductivity of 0.33 S/m; increased thickness and conductivity of 0.0042 S/m; and normal thickness and conductivity with a modeled bregma fontanel. Dipole locations were consistent with MRI and clinical data. The mean difference between the dipole locations in the 0.0042 and the 0.33 S/m skull layer models was 11.6 +/- 2.5 mm, with an average 29.7% decrease in magnitude for the 0.33 S/m model but no significant changes for the dipoles orientation. Skull layer thickness had a large influence on magnitude, but no significant effect on position and orientation. The mean difference between the dipole locations induced by the modeled fontanel was 2.0 +/- 2.1 mm, with an average 2.1% increase in magnitude. Our results show that EEG source localization is feasible in neonates. With further development, the technique may prove useful for neurological evaluation of neonates.
民事诉讼中的上诉审与民事诉讼的审级制度——德意志联邦共和国上诉制度的法政策学、法社会学理论思考 (2004)

Ⅰ.大论题:民事诉讼程序的人性化专题:上诉审制度Ⅱ.德国民事诉讼法上诉制度概览1.上诉审之法律救济与《民事诉讼法》之法律救济体系2.上诉审作为较高级别的法律救济、审级制度与民事法庭的组织机制3.上诉审程序的实践意义Ⅲ.上诉的界定、认证和任务(确切地说是上诉之法
GMPLS/PCE-Controlled Multi-Flow Optical Transponders in Elastic Optical Networks [Invited] (2015)

Elastic optical networks aim at considerably improving network spectrum efficiency by using a flexible grid, while traditional optical transport networks operate with fixed frequency spacing. In such flexible networks, connections are accommodated into so-called “frequency slots,” which are dynamically established depending on client data rates and selected signal modulation formats. Key enablers to develop such a network infrastructure are bandwidth variable optical cross-connects (BV-OXCs) and BV transponders. For the latter, a multi-flow optical transponder (MF-OTP) is being considered as an appealing solution because of its support of high-rate super-channels as well as its elasticity, where optical connections can be reconfigured flexibly according to the required traffic requests. The dynamic selection (path computation) and automatic network configuration of both optical spectrum and MF-OTP resources are handled by a control plane entity. Herein, a distributed Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) control plane combined with an active Path Computation Element (PCE) are adopted for the dynamic instantiation of flexgrid optical connections. To fully control the MF-OTP’s attributes and capabilities, specific extensions are required for both GMPLS routing and signaling. We propose and experimentally validate such extensions by considering two information models: partial and full. The difference between the models lies in information related to optical spectrum status (carried by the full model) on the MF-OTP interfaces attached to the BV-OXCs. Furthermore, a novel online routing, spectrum, and modulation assignment (RSMA) algorithm is conceived. The RSMA adopts both models to compute paths by trying to optimize the spectral link and MF-OTP resources when dynamically serving flexgrid connections. The experimental evaluation compares the models’ attained RSMA performance with respect to the blocking probability as well as the setup and path computation delays.
The role of microvascular permeability in the pathogenesis of asthma. (1986)

Proposed mediators of asthma act on specific pulmonary target tissues including the tracheobronchial microvasculature. Inflammatory extravasation of protein-rich plasma is obviously due to active mediator-induced formation of gaps between endothelial cells in the post-capillary venules of systemic microvessels. Because of this macromolecular permeability plasma exudate may accumulate interstitially and generate airway submucosal and mucosal oedema. The exudate apparently also passes into the airways lumen and has been suggested to affect the function and the attachment of the ciliated epithelial lining. The microvascular permeability to macromolecules is subject to specific physiological and pharmacological control. Both the mucosal (epithelial) and the microvascular barrier may exhibit an increased permeability in asthma, but must be considered two separate elements of the inflamed airway.
MRI of coronary arteries: 2D breath-hold vs 3D respiratory-gated acquisition. (1995)

The 2D breath-holding approach reveals a better image quality. However, the 3D respiratory-gated acquisition is less operator dependent, faster, and less strenuous for patients.