gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Narrative Review: Fabry Disease (2007)

Fabry disease is an X-linked, hereditary, lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, which results in the accumulation of the neutral glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in the walls of small blood vessels, nerves, dorsal root ganglia, renal glomerular and tubular epithelial cells, and cardiomyocytes. It is a complex, multisystem disorder that is characterized clinically by chronic pain and acroparesthesia, gastrointestinal disturbances, characteristic skin lesions (angiokeratomata), progressive renal impairment, cardiomyopathy, and stroke. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with intravenous infusions of recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A consistently decreases Gb3 levels in plasma and clears lysosomal inclusions from vascular endothelial cells. The effects of ERT on other tissues are not as obvious, suggesting that treatment must be initiated early in the course of the disease to be optimally effective or that some complications of the disease are not responsive to enzymes delivered intravenously.
Is the beneficial effect of sulfasalazine due to inhibition of synovial neovascularization? (1991)

Angiogenesis is fundamental to support the continued synovial proliferation observed in rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated the effects of sulfasalazine and its metabolites on endothelial cell proliferation, a prerequisite to angiogenesis. At concentrations achieved in vivo sulfapyridine inhibited basal and endothelial cell growth factor stimulated endothelial cell proliferation. Sulfasalazine and 5 amino salicylic acid had no effect.
Fast Multipliers (1970)

A number of schemes for implementing a fast multiplier are presented and compared on the basis of speed, complexity, and cost. A parallel multiplier designed using the carry-save scheme and constructed from 74 series integrated circuits is described. This multiplier multiplies 10-bit by 12-bit binary numbers with a worst- case multiplication time of 520 ns. The cost of the integrated circuits was less than $ 500.
Identification and estimation of tocopherols and tocotrienols in vegetable oils using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification and estimation of tocopherols and tocotrienols in vegetable oils using gas chromatography-mass spectrometryMirmira K. G. Rao and Edward G. PerkinsCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1972, 20, 2, 240–245Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60180a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60180a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The miRNA156/157 recognition element in the 3′ UTR of the Arabidopsis SBP box gene <i>SPL3</i> prevents early flowering by translational inhibition in seedlings (2007)

miRNAs are a class of versatile small RNAs that control gene expression post-transcriptionally, governing many facets of plant cell functions. They interact with their target mRNA at a site of sequence complementarity and modulate their expression levels. Here, we provide evidence, based on transient assays and stable transgenic lines, that the 3' UTR of the Arabidopsis SBP box gene SPL3 contains a functional miRNA-responsive element (MRE) that is complementary to miR156 and miRNA157. Seedlings of transgenic lines constitutively over-expressing an SPL3 transgene either carrying an unaltered or a disrupted MRE accumulate considerable levels of SPL3 transcripts. However, while the unaltered MRE UTR does not allow the expression of detectable levels of SPL3 protein, the altered MRE does. Translational inhibition thus provides an important mechanism for miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional repression of SPL3. As a consequence of precocious translation of the constitutively expressed SPL3 transgene, due to the absence of a functional MRE, plants exhibit very early flowering in addition to frequent morphological changes.
A model for the trench transistor (1987)

This paper discusses a model for the trench transistor used in the trench transistor cell (TTC), which is employed in Texas Instruments' 4-Mbit DRAM. PISCES-II simulations are used to study the unique characteristics that result from the nonuniform doping along the channel and the nonuniform gate oxides in these transistors. The simulations are correlated with experimental data and an analytical description is proposed to qualitatively explain the observed behavior.
Advances in Colloidal Assembly: The Design of Structure and Hierarchy in Two and Three Dimensions (2015)

This Review highlights the large number of methods to exploit colloidal assembly of comparably simple particles with nano- to micrometer dimensions in order to access complex structural hierarchies from nanoscopic over microscopic to macroscopic dimensions
Enhanced magnetocaloric effect in Gd3Ga5−<i>x</i>Fe<i>x</i>O12 (1993)

The working refrigerant material in the majority of magnetic refrigerators has been Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) which has an upper temperature limit near 15 K. In this paper we report on the field-induced adiabatic magnetic entropy change, ΔSm(H,T), of a series of iron-substituted gadolinium garnets (GGIG) Gd3Ga5−xFexO12 which have the potential to increase the working temperature range or to reduce the field requirements of cryogenic magnetic refrigeration. Depending on Fe concentration, x, the entropy change of these materials at applied fields of 0.9 and 5.0 T is much greater than that of GGG, especially at temperatures above 15 K. At low Fe concentrations, the results are consistent with formation of magnetically ordered clusters of spins at low temperatures. Room temperature electron paramagnetic resonance measurements show that Fe3+ ions mediate exchange interactions which are responsible for clustering at low temperatures.
Toxins 99, New Information About the Botulinum Neurotoxins (2000)

1 Division of Dermatology and 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Alastair Carruthers, MD, Carruthers Dermatology Center, Suite 820, 943 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E1 Canada. Drs. Alastair and Jean Carruthers have consultancy agreements with Allergan Inc. related to the cosmetic use of BOTOX.
Irregular sampling and the theory of frames, I (2013)

Irregular sampling expansions are proved in an elementary way by an analysis of the inverse frame operator The expansions are of two dual types: in the first,the sampled values at irregularly spaced points are the coefficients; in the second, the sequence of sampling functions are irregularly spaced translates of a single sampling function. The results include regular sampling theory as well as the irregular sampling theory of Paley- Wiener, Levinson, Beutler,and Yao-Thomas.The use of frames also gives rise to a new interpretation of a aliasing.
Lack of High-Affinity Nerve Growth Factor Receptors in Aggressive Neuroblastomas (1993)

The expression of gp140TRK-A mRNA correlates with distinct biologic and clinical subsets of neuroblastoma, which suggests a role for the high-affinity nerve growth factor receptors in determining the phenotype of neuroblastoma. The absence of gp140TRK-A mRNA expression, whether or not the N-myc proto-oncogene is amplified, is associated with tumor progression.
DNA Methylation-Derived Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio: An Epigenetic Tool to Explore Cancer Inflammation and Outcomes (2016)

<b>Background:</b> The peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a cytologic marker of both inflammation and poor outcomes in patients with cancer. DNA methylation is a key element of the epigenetic program defining different leukocyte subtypes and may provide an alternative to cytology in assessing leukocyte profiles. Our aim was to create a bioinformatic tool to estimate NLR using DNA methylation, and to assess its diagnostic and prognostic performance in human populations.<b>Methods:</b> We developed a DNA methylation-derived NLR (mdNLR) index based on normal isolated leukocyte methylation libraries and established cell-mixture deconvolution algorithms. The method was applied to cancer case-control studies of the bladder, head and neck, ovary, and breast, as well as publicly available data on cancer-free subjects.<b>Results:</b> Across cancer studies, mdNLR scores were either elevated in cases relative to controls, or associated with increased hazard of death. High mdNLR values (>5) were strong indicators of poor survival. In addition, mdNLR scores were elevated in males, in nonHispanic white versus Hispanic ethnicity, and increased with age. We also observed a significant interaction between cigarette smoking history and mdNLR on cancer survival.<b>Conclusions:</b> These results mean that our current understanding of mature leukocyte methylomes is sufficient to allow researchers and clinicians to apply epigenetically based analyses of NLR in clinical and epidemiologic studies of cancer risk and survival.<b>Impact:</b> As cytologic measurements of NLR are not always possible (i.e., archival blood), mdNLR, which is computed from DNA methylation signatures alone, has the potential to expand the scope of epigenome-wide association studies. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(3); 328-38. ©2016 AACR</i>.
Proposal for a New Family, Campylobacteraceae (1991)

The genera Campylobacter, Arcobacter, Helicobacter, Wolinella, and “Flexispira” constitute, within the class Proteobacteria, a separate eubacterial lineage identified as rRNA superfamily VI. A considerable number of common genotypic and phenotypic features differentiate the genera Campylobacter and Arcobacter from the other members of this group. Therefore, we propose that the genera Campylobacter and Arcobacter should be included in a separate family, for which the name Campylobacteraceae is proposed.
Separation of cobalt and nickel from sulfate media using P507-N235 system (2017)

Separation of cobalt and nickel from sulfate media was investigated, using a extraction system of 30% 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507)+15% trioctyl/decylamine (N235)+55% sulfonated kerosene. About 41 wt% Co2+ was extracted with 1.6 wt% co-extraction of Ni2+ at O/A ratio of 2:1. Scrubbing of Ni2+ and stripping of Co2+ could be achieved from the loaded organic phase, using water and 0.05 mol/L H2SO4, respectively. Cobalt extraction percentage decreased with increasing Mg2+ concentration, but this influence was negligible as [Mg2+] < 0.1g/L. The favorable equilibrium pH was 4–4.8. A different E-pH curve was observed in the P507-N235 system compared to the saponified P507 system.
Eight potential biomarkers for distinguishing between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (2017)

Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) are the most common non-small cell lung cancer histological phenotypes. Accurate diagnosis distinguishing between these two lung cancer types has clinical significance. For this study, we analyzed four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE28571, GSE37745, GSE43580, and GSE50081). We then imported the datasets into the Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information online platform to identify genes differentially expressed in LADC and LSCC. We identified DSG3 (desmoglein 3), KRT5 (keratin 5), KRT6A (keratin 6A), KRT6B (keratin 6B), NKX2-1 (NK2 homeobox 1), SFTA2 (surfactant associated 2), SFTA3 (surfactant associated 3), and TMC5 (transmembrane channel-like 5) as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between LADC and LSCC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that KRT5 had the highest diagnostic value for discriminating between these two cancer types. Using the PrognoScan online survival analysis tool and the Kaplan-Meier Plotter, we found that high KRT6A or KRT6B levels, or low NKX2-1, SFTA3, or TMC5 levels correlated with unfavorable prognoses in LADC patients. Further studies will be needed to verify our findings in additional patient samples, and to elucidate the mechanisms of action of these potential biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer.
Evolution by natural selection (2003)

Population biology has its roots in many different areas: in taxonomy, in studies of the geographical distribution of organisms, in natural history studies of the habits and interactions between organisms and their environment, in studies of how the characteristics of organisms are inherited from one generation to the next, and in theories which consider how different types of organisms are related by descent. Charles Darwin made a synthesis of these areas in his 1859 book, The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, and this provides us with a convenient starting-point for our introduction to population biology.
A Novel Framework for Remote Photoplethysmography Pulse Extraction on Compressed Videos (2018)

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) has recently attracted much attention due to its non-contact measurement convenience and great potential in health care and computer vision applications. However, almost all the existing rPPG methods are based on uncompressed video data, which greatly limits its application to the scenarios that require long-distance video transmission. This paper proposes a novel framework as a first attempt to address the rPPG pulse extraction in presence of video compression artifacts. Based on the analysis of the impact of various compression methods on rPPG measurements, the problem is cast as single-channel signal separation. The framework consists of three major steps to extract the pulse waveform and heart rate by exploiting frequency structure of the rPPG signal. A benchmark dataset which contains stationary and motion videos has been built. The results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the SNR and heart rate precision of state-of-the-art rPPG algorithms on stationary videos and has a positive effect on motion videos at low bitrates.
Evolution of the Major Pilus Gene Cluster of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (1998)

Haemophilus influenzae is a ubiquitous colonizer of the human respiratory tract and causes diseases ranging from otitis media to meningitis. Many H. influenzae isolates express pili (fimbriae), which mediate adherence to epithelial cells and facilitate colonization. The pilus gene (hif) cluster of H. influenzae type b maps between purE and pepN and resembles a pathogenicity island: it is present in invasive strains, absent from the nonpathogenic Rd strain, and flanked by direct repeats of sequence at the insertion site. To investigate the evolution and role in pathogenesis of the hif cluster, we compared the purE-pepN regions of various H. influenzae laboratory strains and clinical isolates. Unlike Rd, most strains had an insert at this site, which usually was the only chromosomal locus of hif DNA. The inserts are diverse in length and organization: among 20 strains, nine different arrangements were found. Several nontypeable isolates lack hif genes but have two conserved open reading frames (hicA and hicB) upstream of purE; their inferred products are small proteins with no data bank homologs. Other isolates have hif genes but lack hic DNA or have combinations of hif and hic genes. By comparing these arrangements, we have reconstructed a hypothetical ancestral genotype, the extended hif cluster. The hif region of INT1, an invasive nontypeable isolate, resembles the hypothetical ancestor. We propose that a progenitor strain acquired the extended cluster by horizontal transfer and that other variants arose as deletions. The structure of the hif cluster may correlate with colonization site or pathogenicity.
11,11,12,12-Tetracyano-2,6-anthraquinodimethane (TANT) as a novel extensive electron acceptor (1993)

The title compound is prepared as a higher homologue in an extensively conjugated series of TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) and TNAP (9,9,10,10-tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane); its complexes with TTT (tetrathiatetracene) and HMTTeF (hexamethylenetetratellurafulvalene) are electrically highly conductive.
Modeling of lightning incidence to tall structures. I. Theory (1994)

The paper generalizes a physical approach to assess negative downward lightning incidence to apply to tall masts and hilly regions. Criteria for occurrence of an upward flash from a tall structure under negative cloud are formulated, both for flat and hilly terrain. Finally the effect of structure on statistical stroke current distribution is analytically investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multi-echelon Supply network Analysis with Interactive Visualization (2019)

Nowadays, the complexity of supply chain networks is increasing due to the globalization of supply chain. It is becoming challenging for decisions makers to identify and understand the supply chains issues using the traditional practices. To cope with this challenges, we develop a web-based interactive visualization prototype. This model enhances the decision-making process of managers with different views of the same supply chain. It describes nodes as well as edges of the supply network simultaneously. This system also allows supply chain managers to get information of the network based on their demands. We illustrate our approach with a supply network visualization from the real-world multi-echelon supply network data, specifically the foods industry.
Deep Hashing: A Joint Approach for Image Signature Learning (2016)

Similarity-based image hashing represents crucial technique for visual data storage reduction and expedited image search. Conventional hashing schemes typically feed hand-crafted features into hash functions, which separates the procedures of feature extraction and hash function learning. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that concurrently performs feature engineering and non-linear supervised hashing function learning. Our technical contributions in this paper are two-folds: 1) deep network optimization is often achieved by gradient propagation, which critically requires a smooth objective function. The discrete nature of hash codes makes them not amenable for gradient-based optimization. To address this issue, we propose an exponentiated hashing loss function and its bilinear smooth approximation. Effective gradient calculation and propagation are thereby enabled; 2) pre-training is an important trick in supervised deep learning. The impact of pre-training on the hash code quality has never been discussed in current deep hashing literature. We propose a pre-training scheme inspired by recent advance in deep network based image classification, and experimentally demonstrate its effectiveness. Comprehensive quantitative evaluations are conducted on several widely-used image benchmarks. On all benchmarks, our proposed deep hashing algorithm outperforms all state-of-the-art competitors by significant margins. In particular, our algorithm achieves a near-perfect 0.99 in terms of Hamming ranking accuracy with only 12 bits on MNIST, and a new record of 0.74 on the CIFAR10 dataset. In comparison, the best accuracies obtained on CIFAR10 by existing hashing algorithms without or with deep networks are known to be 0.36 and 0.58 respectively.
2006년 하계 학술대회 호남 풍물굿 의 공연적 특성과 그 의미 (2006)

이 글의 목적은 호남 풍물굿 잡색놀음을 잡색의 성격화와 잡색놀음의 구조적 양태를 중심으로 분석하여 그 공연적 특성과 의미를 밝히는 데 있다. 호남의 잡색은 본 연구에서 검토한 자료 속에서 63개 유형으로 나타나는데, 이는 다른 지역과 비교하여 볼 때 그 종류가 매우 다양하다. 특히 봉건적인 인물형과 근대적인 인물형이 나타나고 있어, 시대와 조응하여 잡색이 편성되었다고 할 수 있으며, 동물형에서 인형에 이르기까지 잡색의 성격화 범주도 넓다. 호남의 잡색들은 풍물잽이가 중심이 되는 공연 구조 속에서 즉흥적이고 상황적인 비양식성의 연행패턴을 보이기도 하지만, 판굿의 후반부에 구조화된 공연 형식으로 배치되어 있다. 즉 양식성과 서사성이 강화되어있다. 놀이의 종류 또한 개인적·즉흥적·분절적·개방적으로 다각화된 놀이의 형태가 있는가 하면, 관계적·구조적·완결적·연속적인 방식으로 공연되는 형태가 있다. 모티프의 전개와 유형에 따라 구분하면, 즉흥놀이에서부터 모티프와 주제가 일정한 구조 속에서 연극적으로 가공된 양성놀이·투전놀이·비비새놀이·안놀음·영감-할미놀이·양반－노비놀이·조리중－각시놀이·지체다툼놀이·자식자랑놀이·대포수놀이·광대놀이·동물 가장놀이·도둑잽이·일광놀이 등 다양한 형태로 나타나고 있다. 잡색놀음은 마을굿·무당굿·탈놀이와 같은 굿 문화에서 연원하는 동일 계통의 공연 양식으로 규정될 수 있다. 하지만, 굿 문화에서 양식적으로 분화되는 과정 속에서 풍물굿의 공연 구조로 통합되는 방향을 취했다고 볼 수 있으며, 마을굿 속의 탈놀이 혹은 극놀이, 무당굿 속의 탈놀이 혹은 극놀이, 그리고 탈놀이 등과 구별되는 극적 공연 양식으로 전개되어 왔다고 할 수 있다. 풍물굿은 호남 지역에서 한편으로 상쇠가 이끄는 풍물잽이들에 의해 공연의 주도권이 강화되는 방향으로 그 공연 양식이 정립되는 과정을 밟아오면서도, 다른 한편으로는 풍물굿이 대동굿의 축제와 놀이를 주도하는 문화적 양식으로 민속적 삶과 사회에 자리 잡았기 때문에, 잡색놀음은 풍물굿에 종속되는 양상을 보이기도 하고 풍물 굿의 놀이적·연극적 성격을 강화하는 양상을 보이기도 한다. 더욱 이 호남 풍물굿 잡색놀음은 판굿에서 하나의 극적 단위로 구조화되면서 일정 정도 양식성을 획득했다고 할 수 있다. 호남 풍물굿 `잡색놀음`의 이러한 특징들은 비록 풍물굿 속에 배치된 극적인 공연단위라고 할지라도, 굿 문화를 기반으로 하여 전개되어온 연극 전통의 한 표현형 혹은 문화형으로 고려할 수 있는 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다.
Vehicle control and drowsiness (2002)

It is known that drivers' drowsiness and fatigue is accompanied by deteriorated vehicle control. Albert Kircher, VTI, and Marcus Uddman and Jesper Sandin, Virtual Technology, have investigated which factors are possible to use for the prediction and detection of fatigue induced impaired driving. In this study focus was on variables directly related to lateral control and steering behaviour aiming at a method capable of detection and prediction of impaired driving performance in real time and in an automated manner. Psycho-physiological variables, subjective rating scales, etc. are only briefly discussed. The first part of the report is a literature study. It served to examine the available knowledge in the field and to identify the most promising indicators of impaired driving. A large number of publications describing various approaches have been reviewed. The survey clearly indicates that no single indicator can be used to reliably detect drowsy driving. A combination of different measures is recommended, e.g. analysis of lateral control performance and eye blink patterns. Furthermore, it should be noted that even though there are a small number of commercial drowsiness detection systems available, no system provides a sufficiently reliable and scientifically proven method to detect a drowsy driver. In the second part of the report experimental data from previous driving simulator experiments were analysed. Signal processing techniques, such as frequency analysis by means of Fourier transforms, and statistical analyses were used to disclose if data could be used to determine drivers' drowsiness as rated on subjective rating scales (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale). Specific attention was paid to investigate the potential of lane control data (steering performance) as a mean to estimate driver drowsiness. Measures related to lateral vehicle position, such as time to line crossing and deviation of lateral position, were also analysed, but were not found useful. The analysis of experimental data did not reveal any clear answer to what driver behaviour indicators are the most prominent to detect drowsy driving behaviour. However, the data analysis conforms in large to the findings in the literature survey: a single variable is hardly usable as drowsiness predictor. More advanced signal processing techniques could be more proficient for the aspired goal. Further investigations and analyses of driving behaviour data are needed. Combination of different variables, such as eye blink patterns and lane control measures, are expected to be more successful.