gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small, Portable, Lightweight DT Neutron Generator for Use with NMIS (2001)

The advantages of 14.1 MeV DT neutrons as an alternate source for the Nuclear Materials Identification System (NMIS) are mainly increased sensitivity and accuracy which will extend applications considerably as well as result in shorter measurement times for present applications. Since NMIS requires a neutron source of ~ 5 ∙ 10<sup>6</sup> n/sec, a small, lightweight (<30 lbs. including the power supply and is 3-in.-OD pipe, ~ 4-ft. long) is under development at MF Physics Corporation for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). By associated particle (alpha) detectors, a cone of neutrons can be defined which is particularly useful for active neutron interrogation of fissile materials in containers. After final test at ORNL, this DT neutron source will be useful at the Y-12 National Security Complex for routine use with NMIS.
Kinematic and Geometric Analysis of a Pure-Rolling Epicyclic Train (2006)

This paper reports an innovative design of epicyclic (planetary) cam trains based on pure-rolling contact, intended to overcome the drawbacks of gear trains, such as Coulomb friction and backlash. The kinematic relations of the mechanism with a given speed-reduction ratio are analyzed; accordingly, the profiles of the sun cam and ring cam, key elements of the mechanism, are obtained. Furthermore, the condition for undercutting avoidance of the ring cam is derived. For mechanical design, different layouts of the epicyclic cam trains are discussed for the structure and transmission optimization. Finally, an epicyclic cam-roller speed reducer is designed and prototyped.
Secretory Phospholipase A2 (2004)

Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is a growing family of structurally related, disulfide-rich, low molecular weight, lipolytic enzymes with a His-Asp catalytic dyad. sPLA2s are distributed in a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, plants, bacteria, and viruses, and there are 10 catalytically active sPLA2 isozymes in mammals. Although the structural bases for mammalian sPLA2s have been well documented, their physiological functions are still subject to debate. Individual mammalian sPLA2s have distinct enzymatic properties and display distinct tissue expression patterns, suggesting that each enzyme acts on distinct phospholipid membrane moieties in vivo. In this article, we briefly review our latest understanding of the possible physiological functions of sPLA2s, in keeping with their diverse actions on mammalian and nonmammalian cell membranes.
Implementation of novel optical detection methods for clinically important blood analytes using microfabricated flow structures (T-Sensors) (1999)

T-Sensors enable the optical detection of clinically significant analytes directly in whole blood. In microfluidic channels, fluids usually show laminar behavior. This allows the movement of different fluidic layers in a channel without mixing other than by diffusion. A sample solution, a detection solution, and a reference solution are introduce din a common channel. Smaller particles such as ions or small proteins diffuse rapidly across the fluid boundaries, whereas larger molecules diffuse more slowly. Large particles show no significant diffusion within the time the flow streams are in contact. Two interface zones are formed between the fluidic layers. The ratio of a property of the two interface zones is a function of the concentration of the analyte. In this paper, we introduce a novel optical geometry to determine absorbance or fluorescence at a number of distinct wavelength ranges, and to perform spectroscopic measurements with 1D or 2D spatial. Resolution in a flow channel. A flow channel is coupled to an optical filter with variable transmission in one or two dimensions, a light source, and a CCD detector. Such a device allows, for example, the absorption- or fluorescence- based detection of a variety of analytes in a T-sensor using a non-color-sensitive spatial detector, while retaining diffusion and reference information provided by the T-sensor principle.
Enhanced oxygen radical production in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1998)

Mutations of the SOD1 gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) cause an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. When expressed in transgenic mice, the same SOD1 mutations cause progressive loss of spinal motor neurons with consequent paralysis and death. In vitro biochemical studies indicate that SOD1 mutations enhance free radical generation by the mutant enzyme. We investigated those findings in vivo by using a novel, brain-permeable spin trap, azulenyl nitrone. Reaction of azulenyl nitrone with a free radical forms a nitroxide adduct that then fragments to yield the corresponding azulenyl aldehyde. Transgenic mice expressing mutant SOD1-G93A show enhanced free radical content in spinal cord but not brain. This correlates with tissue-specific differences in the level of transgene expression. In spinal cord, the increase in free radical content is in direct proportion to the age-dependent increase in mutant human CuZnSOD expression. This increase precedes motor neuron degeneration. The higher level of human CuZnSOD expression seen in spinal cord compared with brain, and consequent difference in free radical generation, provides a basis for understanding the selective vulnerability of the spinal cord in this disease model.
CONDUCTING INTERORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH USING KEY INFORMANTS. (1993)

In this article, we examine the use of the key informant methodology by researchers investigating interorganizational relationships. Authors have advocated the use of multiple informants to increase the reliability and validity of informant reports. However, interorganizational research still tends to rely on single informants. We investigated informant selection and obtaining perceptual agreement among multiple informants, two problems that may have inhibited widespread use of multiple informants. We suggest procedures for dealing with those problems and provide an illustrative application of our proposals.
The Hofmann Reaction*Present address, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J. (2011)

Abstract In the Hofmann reaction an amide is converted to an amine of one less carbon atom by treatment with bromine or chlorine, and alkali. In effect, the carbonyl group of the amide is eliminated. The reaction is applicable to the preparation of amines from amides of aliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic, and hetereocyclic acids. The Hofmann reaction is generally carried out by dissolving the amide in a very slight excess of cold aqueous hypohalite solution, followed by rapid warming, A valuable modification consists in carrying out the reaction in an alcoholic solution, with subsequent hydrolysis of the urethan so obtained.
A bi-directional resonant DC/DC converter with frequency tracking control (2014)

A two-stage bi-directional resonant DC/DC converter with frequency tracking control is analyzed. The first stage is Buck/Boost converter which is used to regulate the voltage gain. The second stage is series resonant converter (SRC) that acts as a solid state transformer (SST) to achieve isolation with high efficiency and high power density. To realize accurate and fast frequency tracking for series resonant converter, the dynamic model and design method of phase lock loop (PLL) control are investigated. In addition, the design of power factor angle of the resonant network is discussed to achieve higher efficiency. The controller of the bi-directional resonant DC/DC converter which consists of bi-directional inner current loop and outer voltage loop and frequency tracking loop is given. Finally, the control scheme is verified on a 5kW prototype.
Displacive Transformations and their Applications in Structural Ceramics (1995)

The current status of knowledge of first order, potentially displacive transformations in ceramics is reviewed. Those proven to be martensitic in bulk, single phase materials are the tetragonal to monoclinic transformation in zirconia (ZrO2) and the cubic to tetragonal symmetry change in lead titanate (PbTiO3). Numerous transformations in a variety of other ceramic materials have been reported and the incompleteness of the data is here indicated. The relevance of displacive and martensitic transformations to toughening mechanisms for reducing brittleness has been demonstrated. The mechanisms are : (i) transformation toughening of composites ; (ii) transformation weakening of critical interphases in composites ; and (iii) mechanical rearrangement of domains arising from ferroelastic transformations in monoliths. Another potential application lies in their use as large force actuators in adaptive (smart) systems. Transformations mechanisms need to be elucidated in the context of the sequential loss or gain of symmetry on cooling or heating. The coupling of mechanical forces to induce nucleation, as well as their interaction with the crystallographic volume and shape changes accompanying transformation, need to be understood and controlled. This fundamental knowledge will guide the microstructural tailoring of monoliths and composites to achieve useful coupling, and thus enhanced mechanical properties.
The use of tea tree oil in treating blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (2018)

All patients receiving TTO improved in symptoms, signs, and tear film stability, and the improvement was statistically significant at <i>P</i> < 0.001. Only five patients in massage group showed improvement. The changes in massage group were not statistically significant at <i>P</i> < 0.001. TTO is very effective in relieving symptoms and improving tear film stability and lid signs.
Disease Prevalence and Health Determinants in Nevada (2017)

In this report, we use recent data to describe the health of Nevada and update the previous report (Monnat, 2012) on health outcomes and health determinants in the Silver State. Data for this report are mainly obtained from the County Health Rankings, America’s Health Rankings, and the 2016 Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity report.\nIn line with the previous report by Monnat (2012), we reference Nevada’s disease prevalence in relation to the U.S. average and other states, as well as disease distribution among counties in Nevada. We also compaire health indicators in the U.S. with those in other countries, discuss the health determinants and examine their impact on Nevadans’ health. The chapter concludes with the recommendations on strategies to improve health of Nevada residents. Additional resources include the national, state and community public health organizations (Appendix 1) and examples of public health related legislative actions in Nevada (Appendix 2).\nIn the last several decades, there has been growing interest in how modifiable risk factors contribute to disease and mortality rates. Studies point to five key domains as the principal determinants of health: (a) genetic predisposition, (b) social circumstances, (c) environmental conditions, (d) health behaviors, and (e) medical care. It is estimated that as much as 60% of disease risk is attributable to modifiable factors, such as health behaviors, social circumstances, and environmental conditions (McGinnis, Williams-Ruso, & Knickman, 2002). In recent years, health behaviors (e.g. tobacco use, poor diet, and physical inactivity) and social determinants (e.g. poverty, access to health care) have been singled out as contributing to health inequalities (Lewis & Burb-Sharps, 2010; Marmot, 2005). The effect of behavioral and social determinants of health outcomes is evident throughout the U.S and Nevada.
Use of the Ureteral Access Sheath During Ureteroscopy in Children (2011)

Although intraoperative complications occur more commonly during ureteroscopy with a ureteral access sheath, no increase in longer term adverse effects were observed. Future prospective studies of ureteral access sheath use in children with longer followup are warranted.
Poster reception---Scalable compression and replay of communication traces in massively parallel environments (2006)

Characterizing the communication behavior of large-scale applications is a difficult and costly task due to code and system complexity as well as the time to execute such codes. An alternative to run actual codes is to gather their communication traces and then replay them, which facilitates application tuning and future procurements. While past approaches lacked lossless scalable trace collection, we contribute an approach that provides near constant-size communication traces regardless of the number of nodes while preserving structural information. We introduce intra- and inter-node compression techniques of MPI events and present results of our implementation. Given this novel capability, we discuss its impact on communication tuning and beyond.
An Analog-Node Model for VHDL-Based Simulation of RF Integrated Circuits (2009)

This paper describes a very-high-speed integrated-circuit hardware description language (VHDL)-based analog-node model, an associated driver component for the mixed-signal event-driven (MixED) simulation technique, and some primitive device models applied to radio-frequency integrated circuits. With the presented MixED method, analog circuits are modeled as a composition of controlled sources. Unlike other VHDL-based analog simulation methods, these MixED sources compute not only a real number representing an output voltage but also an output impedance. This allows the outputs of several MiXED sources to be connected in order to drive the same node signal <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> . The voltage of this record-type signal is automatically computed at its element <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> . <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</i> by resolution functions in compliance with Kirchhoff's current law. The data structure of the node signal <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> , its self-defined resolution functions, and an associated driver component are presented and discussed to meet different simulation requirements, such as speed, versatility, current accuracy, and adaptive time stepping. Several examples demonstrate how to behaviorally model mixed-signal components with this method with an emphasis on the simulation of a heterodyne receiver. Simulation speeds are compared to VHDL-AMS tools.
Distributed Artificial Intelligence with Multi-Agent Systems for MEC (2019)

In this paper, the Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) system architecture, as defined by the ETSI standards, is modeled as a multi-agent system. MEC system management services and application execution components are designed as software agents, facilitating distributed artificial intelligence capabilities in their operation and cooperation. Further, the integration of current agent technologies into the standardized MEC system is discussed. Lastly, a case study is presented on how to integrate an existing Internet of Things agent framework and agent-based edge application seamlessly to the MEC system.
Detection of Osteopontin in Calcified Human Aortic Valves (1997)

Cardiac valve calcification often results in obstruction of blood flow, which eventually leads to valve replacement. The molecular mechanisms resulting in valve calcification are unknown. Collagen and specific bone matrix proteins are thought to provide the framework for ectopic tissue calcification. This investigation was performed to determine whether the bone matrix protein osteopontin was present in calcified human aortic valves. Proteins extracted from human aortic valve tissue were subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting, using polyclonal antibodies directed against osteopontin. Fresh frozen tissue sections were also screened for osteopontin and macrophages using immunohistochemical techniques. Osteopontin was present in both heavily and minimally calcified aortic valves and absent in noncalcified purely regurgitant or normal aortic valves by both radioimmunoassay (n = 16) and immunohistochemical techniques (n = 8). Osteopontin colocalized with valvular calcific deposits, and macrophages were identified in the vicinity of osteopontin. These results, in addition to showing that osteopontin is present in calcified human aortic valves, suggest that osteopontin is a regulatory protein in pathological calcification. Identification of the cells producing osteopontin in abnormal cardiac valves and of proximate stimuli for its secretion may lead to novel therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or reverse calcific valve disease.
Tunable multilayer-film distributed-Bragg-reflector filter (1979)

The periodic multilayers of dielectric materials such as polystyrene/collodion or polystyrene/polyvinyl alcohol were fabricated by means of alternately dropping these solutions onto a spinner. As these materials are slightly elastic, a large shift of the center of the Bragg reflection by 650 Å toward shorter wavelength is obtained by the compression of the multilayer. A periodic length Λ is controlled by adjusting both the rotation speed of the spinner and the concentration of the solutions.
High-speed data transmission in a rack system with coaxial board connectors (1994)

The speed at which data can be transmitted in communication rack systems is limited by crosstalk simultaneous switching noise in the data signal. We experimentally evaluated the relationship between this noise and transmission speed. The experimental rack system had 24 independently driven channels consisting of a driver-printed board assembly (PBA), connector, back panel (BP), connector, and receiver-PBA. The drivers are 210-270 ps edge rate ECL devices. The rack structure allowed the line length on the panel to be changed from 15 cm to 45 cm by changing the slots of the driver and receiver cards. A newly developed small, high-density multicoaxial package connector was used, and an error rate detector was used to determine the error-free transmission speed at various receiver reference voltages. For a 60-cm line, the maximum speed of the rack system was 622 Mb/s, more than four times that achieved when using a conventional multipin connector.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Harmonic 3D shape matching (2002)

With the advent of the world wide web, the number of available 3D models has increased substantially and the challenge has changed from "How do we generate 3D models?" to "How do we find them?" In this sketch we describe a new 3D model matching and indexing algorithm that uses spherical harmonics to compute discriminating similarity measures without requiring repair of model degeneracies or alignment of orientations. It provides 46-245% better performance than related shape matching methods during precision-recall experiments, and it is fast enough to return query results from a repository of 20,000 models in under half a second.
Mitochondrial DNA and anti-mitochondrial antibodies in serum of autistic children (2010)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties in communication, cognitive and learning deficits, as well as stereotypic behaviors. For the majority of cases there are no reliable biomarkers or distinct pathogenesis. However, increasing evidence indicates ASD may be associated with some immune dysregulation, and may have a neuroimmune component. We recently showed that the peptide neurotensin (NT) is increased in autistic children. We now show that NT induces release of extracellular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that could act as "autoimmune" trigger. We further show that serum from young autistic patients contains mtDNA (n = 20; cytochrome B, p = 0.0002 and 7S, p = 0.006), and anti-mitochondrial antibody Type 2 (n = 14; p = 0.001) as compared to normally developing, unrelated controls (n = 12). Extracellular blood mtDNA and other components may characterize an autistic endophenotype and may contribute to its pathogenesis by activating autoimmune responses.
Feasibility of stereo-infrared tracking to monitor patient motion during cardiac SPECT imaging (2003)

Patient motion during cardiac SPECT imaging can cause diagnostic imaging artifacts. We will investigate the feasibility of monitoring patient motion using the Polaris motion-tracking system with passive infrared reflection from small spheres to provide real-time position data with vendor stated 0.35 mm accuracy and 0.2 mm repeatability. In our configuration, the Polaris system views through the SPECT gantry toward the patient's head. List-mode event data will ultimately be temporally synchronized with motion-tracking data utilizing a modified LabVIEW virtual instrument that we have employed in previous optical motion-tracking investigations. Calibration of SPECT to Polaris coordinates will be achieved by determining the transformation matrix necessary to align the position of four reflecting spheres as seen by Polaris, with the location of Tc-99m activity placed inside the sphere mounts as determined in SPECT reconstructions. We have successfully tracked targets placed on volunteers in simulated imaging positions on the table of our SPECT system. We obtained excellent correlation (R/sup 2/ > 0.998) between the change in location of the targets as measured by our SPECT system and the Polaris. We have also obtained excellent agreement between the recordings of the respiratory motion of four targets attached to an elastic band wrapped around the abdomen of volunteers and from a pneumatic bellows. We have successfully determined axial motion of point sources to correct the motion in SPECT image acquisitions yielding virtually identical point source FWHM and FWTM values and visually identical cardiac phantom images to originals.
Broadband CARS spectral phase retrieval using a time-domain Kramers–Kronig transform (2009)

We describe a closed-form approach for performing a Kramers-Kronig (KK) transform that can be used to rapidly and reliably retrieve the phase, and thus the resonant imaginary component, from a broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectrum with a nonflat background. In this approach we transform the frequency-domain data to the time domain, perform an operation that ensures a causality criterion is met, then transform back to the frequency domain. The fact that this method handles causality in the time domain allows us to conveniently account for spectrally varying nonresonant background from CARS as a response function with a finite rise time. A phase error accompanies KK transform of data with finite frequency range. In examples shown here, that phase error leads to small (<1%) errors in the retrieved resonant spectra.
The False Lock Performance of Costas Loops with Hard-Limited In-Phase Channel (1978)

The ability of a Costas loop to false lock on a data sideband is a problem which must be dealt with in the design of suppressedcarrier receivers which employ such loops for carrier reconstruction. For conventional Costas loops wherein the error signal is formed from the product of two analog signals, the false lock problem has recently been investigated by the author and others and is now well understood. For implementation reasons associated with the reduction of dc offsets, it is often desirable to hard limit the output of the in-phase channel and replace the analog multiplier which forms the above product with a chopper-type device. The false lock behavior of such a Costas loop with hard-limited in-phase channel is quite different from that of the conventional Costas loop and is the subject of investigation in this paper. Results are also presented for a modified version of the Costas loop wherein the quadrature arm filter is removed. This configuration has recently been suggested as a means of improving the false lock performance of the Costas loop with hard-limited in-phase channel.