gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-modal Embedding for Main Product Detection in Fashion (2017)

We present an approach to detect the main product in fashion images by exploiting the textual metadata associated with each image. Our approach is based on a Convolutional Neural Network and learns a joint embedding of object proposals and textual metadata to predict the main product in the image. We additionally use several complementary classification and overlap losses in order to improve training stability and performance. Our tests on a large-scale dataset taken from eight e-commerce sites show that our approach outperforms strong baselines and is able to accurately detect the main product in a wide diversity of challenging fashion images.
JNK MAPK Pathway Regulates Constitutive Transcription of CCL5 by Human NK Cells through SP1 (2009)

The MAPKs ERK, JNK, and p38 control diverse aspects of the immune response, including regulation of cytotoxin biology in NK cells and CTL. The chemokine CCL5 is coreleased with the cytotoxins, perforin, the granzymes, and granulysin, during the lethal hit administered by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTL). CCL5 expression is up-regulated relatively late in CTL coincident with their functional maturation 3-7 days after activation. Unlike T cells, NK cells have the ability to kill virally infected or transformed cells when directly isolated from the peripheral circulation. In this study, we show that in contrast to T cells, peripheral blood NK cells express CCL5 constitutively. The use of specific inhibitors of the JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK pathways showed that the JNK pathway controls expression of CCL5 by NK cells. Promoter-reporter assays identified a compact region of the CCL5 promoter responsible for the constitutive transcription of CCL5 by NK cells. EMSA, chromatin immune precipitation, the use of heterologous promoters, and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that transcription in NK cells is largely controlled through binding of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 to a region -75 to -56 upstream of the site of transcriptional initiation. Specificity protein 1 expression, and in turn the constitutive expression of CCL5, was found to be controlled through constitutive activation of the JNK/MAPK pathway in peripheral blood NK cells.
Recent advances in photoresponsive supramolecular self-assemblies (2008)

Construction of supramolecular self-assemblies whose self-assembling process and self-assembled architectures can be controlled by external stimuli is a fascinating and challenging topic for supramolecular chemists. The modification of photochromic molecules with noncovalent interaction sites or the incorporation of photochromic molecules into self-assembling modules makes light an ideal external input, providing high-performance photoresponsive multicomponent self-assemblies. Among such systems, in this tutorial review we deal with several photoresponsive supramolecular self-assemblies showing a unique mechanism and/or type of photoresponse. These examples illustrate that we would be able to produce further new photoresponsive molecular ensembles if one can elaborately hybridize photochromic molecules to specifically-designed supramolecular self-assemblies. We believe that the accumulation of insight into the construction principle, mechanism and concept of such smart supramolecular self-assemblies should realize practical smart functional materials.
Optical and Infrared Properties of Al_2O_3 at Elevated Temperatures* (1965)

The absorption coefficient of single-crystal Al2O3 (sapphire) has been found to increase at most wavelengths from 0.56 to 6 μ as the temperature is increased up to 2020°C. As the temperature is increased further until the material melts, the absorption coefficient appears to increase discontinuously by a factor of about 30 or 40. The emissivity of some ceramic material which consists of more than 99% polycrystalline Al2O3 is greater than that of sapphire at the same temperature, but shows the same general dependence on temperature as it is heated up through the melting point.The index of refraction of sapphire at wavelengths less than 4 μ was found to increase 0.05 (+0.01, −0.03) as the temperature increases from ambient to 1700°C.
PD-1 or PD-L1 Blockade Restores Antitumor Efficacy Following SSX2 Epitope–Modified DNA Vaccine Immunization (2015)

DNA vaccines have demonstrated antitumor efficacy in multiple preclinical models, but low immunogenicity has been observed in several human clinical trials. This has led to many approaches seeking to improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. We previously reported that a DNA vaccine encoding the cancer-testis antigen SSX2, modified to encode altered epitopes with increased MHC class I affinity, elicited a greater frequency of cytolytic, multifunctional CD8(+) T cells in non-tumor-bearing mice. We sought to test whether this optimized vaccine resulted in increased antitumor activity in mice bearing an HLA-A2-expressing tumor engineered to express SSX2. We found that immunization of tumor-bearing mice with the optimized vaccine elicited a surprisingly inferior antitumor effect relative to the native vaccine. Both native and optimized vaccines led to increased expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells, but antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells from mice immunized with the optimized construct expressed higher PD-1. Splenocytes from immunized animals induced PD-L1 expression on tumor cells in vitro. Antitumor activity of the optimized vaccine could be increased when combined with antibodies blocking PD-1 or PD-L1, or by targeting a tumor line not expressing PD-L1. These findings suggest that vaccines aimed at eliciting effector CD8(+) T cells, and DNA vaccines in particular, might best be combined with PD-1 pathway inhibitors in clinical trials. This strategy may be particularly advantageous for vaccines targeting prostate cancer, a disease for which antitumor vaccines have demonstrated clinical benefit and yet PD-1 pathway inhibitors alone have shown little efficacy to date.
An Interoperable Transportation Framework Data Service (2006)

Heterogeneous geospatial data systems have been developed in the past decades. National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) was proposed and utilized to share these heterogeneous systems through interoperable solutions. As one of the first set of data sharing approaches, Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) identified seven sets of data themes as framework data and developed relevant content standard for sharing these datasets. Together with other NSDI initiatives, a transportation framework data service is described in this paper to share our experience gained through the building of transportation framework service at different aspects: 1) the datasets are described through FGDC compliant metadata and categorized in a data searching engine supporting Z39.50; 2) the datasets are served through Web Feature Service (WFS) and could be accessed through standardized service for content updating and accessing; and 3) the WFS was chained with an in- house development on mapping WFS as Web Mapping Service (WMS) to provide web mapping, therefore, leverage the vast amount of deployed WMS clients in the last years.
Kieker: continuous monitoring and on demand visualization of Java software behavior (2008)

Software behavior visualizations such as UML Sequence Diagrams are valuable to continuous program comprehension and analysis. This paper introduces an approach and implementation to the continuous monitoring and on demand visualization of software behavior, with a focus on multi-user Java Web applications. Our tool, called Kieker, monitors response times and control-flow for selected operations of a software application. The monitoring overhead is intended to be small enough to continuously monitor a selection of operations during normal operation. Besides monitoring, Kieker offers the reconstruction and visualization of models of current or past software system behavior in terms of UML Sequence Diagrams, Markov chains, Component Dependency Graphs, Trace Timing Diagrams, as well as Execution and Message trace models.
Expression of modified green fluorescent protein in suspension culture of Taxus cuspidata (2000)

The suspension cells of Taxus cuspidata were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring binary vector pCAMBIA1302 encoding mgfp. Transient transfection efficiency was compared by using the fluoremetric measurement. The transient transfection efficiency was improved by transformation with DMSO and/or sonication treatment. Optimum conditions for DMSO and sonication treatment were 3% and 30 sec, respectively. Selection and maintenance of transformed cells were continued for 3 months. An insertion of the mgfp gene in transformed cells was detected by PCR and an expression of GFP confirmed by the western blot analysis.
Resisting student labeling in this era of testing (2017)

We examined perspectives that prospective elementary teachers (PTs) noticed their mentor teachers held with regards to classifying students by achievement or behavior. Many PTs noticed deficit mathematical discourse and expressed concern about how that could lead students to develop negative views of themselves.
A Free‐Standing and Ultralong‐Life Lithium‐Selenium Battery Cathode Enabled by 3D Mesoporous Carbon/Graphene Hierarchical Architecture (2014)

High capacity cathode materials for long‐life rechargeable lithium batteries are urgently needed. Selenium cathode has recently attracted great research attention due to its comparable volumetric capacity to but much better electrical conductivity than widely studied sulfur cathode. However, selenium cathode faces similar issues as sulfur (i.e., shuttling of polyselenides, volumetric expansion) and high performance lithium‐selenium batteries (Li–Se) have not yet been demonstrated at selenium loading >60% in the electrode. In this work, a 3D mesoporous carbon nanoparticles and graphene hierarchical architecture to storage selenium as binder‐free cathode material (Se/MCN‐RGO) for high energy and long life Li–Se batteries is presented. Such architecture not only provides the electrode with excellent electrical and ionic conductivity, but also efficiently suppresses polyselenides shuttling and accommodates volume change during charge/discharge. At selenium content of 62% in the entire cathode, the free‐standing Se/MCN‐RGO exhibits high discharge capacity of 655 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C (97% of theoretical capacity) and long cycling stability with a very small capacity decay of 0.008% per cycle over 1300 cycles at 1 C. The present report demonstrates significant progress in the development of high capacity cathode materials for long‐life Li batteries and flexible energy storage device.
Recent advances in optically pumped semiconductor lasers (2007)

Optically pumped semiconductor lasers offer significant advantages with respect to all traditional diode-pumped solid state lasers (including fiber lasers) in regards to wavelength flexibility, broad pump tolerance, efficient spectral and spatial brightness conversion and high power scaling. In this talk we will describe our recent progress in the lab and applying this technology to commercial systems. Results include diversified wavelengths from 460 to 570nm, power scaling to >60W of CW 532nm, and the launch of a low cost 5W CW visible source for forensic applications.
A Robust Gaze Tracking Method for Users Wearing Glasses (2013)

Vision-based gaze trackers that utilize corneal reflections of IR lights are vulnerable to users wearing glasses. IR reflection on eye glasses overlap with pupil region to interfere gaze estimation. This overlap problem should be resolved properly when the moving region of user is relatively large. In this paper, we propose a solution to handle the overlapping problem in gaze tracking for users wearing glasses. One of the two IR sources will be turned off when it becomes a problematic glint on the glasses. We propose a model that calculates gaze point with the remaining single glint. The proposed method was implemented on our state-of-the-art gaze tracker. The tracked results showed that our proposed model with the remaining glint preserved the accuracy of the system.
Partial characterization of the principal soluble antigens associated with the coronavirus of transmissible gastroenteritis by complement fixation and immunodiffusion (1976)

A microtiter complement fixation (CF) test to detect transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) viral antigen was developed, using TGE hyperimmune pig serum as an antibody source. Sera from TGE covalescent pigs did not fix complement by this test. Maximal virus and soluble antigen (SA) titers were obtained 36 to 48 h after inoculation of swine testes cells. Cell-associated virus and SA titers were higher than those in the culture fluid, which had to be concentrated 20X before use as antigen in agar immunodiffusion tests (ID). By sucrose density-gradient centrifugation, the SA had a buoyant density of 1.10 g/ml and could be separated from the virus that banded in the 1.19-g/ml region. Virus and SA from three different isolates of TGE had the same buoyant densities. Heating and proteolytic enzyme digestion established the protein nature of the SA. As assayed by CF and ID, there were stability differences between crude and purified preparations of SA. Antibody prepared in rabbits against the SA neutralized the TGE virus.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DRYING OF CHILLI IN A COMBINED MICROWAVE-VACUUM-ROTARY DRUM DRYER (2002)

ABSTRACT This paper presents new data on drying chilli in a microwave-vacuum-rotary drum dryer. This novel technique is designed to combine the advantages of vacuum drying and evenly dispersed microwave energy in a rotary drum. The drying kinetic and the specific energy consumption at particular product moisture content were measured experimentally. Moreover, the effect of pressure inside the chamber and the rotational speed of the drum were also determined.
Characteristic Properties of Fluorescent Lamps Operated Using Capacitively Coupled Electrodes (2002)

Characteristic properties of fluorescent lamps operated by capacitively coupled external electrodes have been investigated. External electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) are typically operated at low currents less than 10 mA and high voltages of about 1.5 kV. Luminance of up to 20,000 cd/m2 with efficiency of above 40 lm/W is achieved in EEFLs driven by square pulses of the driving voltage with frequencies lower than 100 kHz. It is also found that the brightness and efficiency of external electrode fluorescent lamps depend on the electrode length and the ambient temperature.
Lipid Phosphorylation in Chloroplast Envelopes (2000)

Lipid phosphorylation takes place within the chloroplast envelope. In addition to phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol phosphate, and their corresponding lyso-derivatives, we found that two novel lipids underwent phosphorylation in envelopes, particularly in the presence of carrier-free [gamma-(32)P]ATP. These two lipids incorporated radioactive phosphate in chloroplasts in the presence of [gamma-(32)P]ATP or [(32)P]P(i) and light. Interestingly, these two lipids were preferentially phosphorylated in envelope membranes in the presence [gamma-(32)P]CTP, as the phosphoryl donor, or [gamma-(32)P]ATP, when supplemented with CDP and nucleoside diphosphate kinase II. The lipid kinase activity involved in this reaction was specifically inhibited in the presence of cytosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) (CTPgammaS) and sensitive to CTP chase, thereby showing that both lipids are phosphorylated by an envelope CTP-dependent lipid kinase. The lipids were identified as phosphorylated galactolipids by using an acid hydrolysis procedure that generated galactose 6-phosphate. CTPgammaS did not affect the import of the small ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase subunit into chloroplasts, the possible physiological role of this novel CTP-dependent galactolipid kinase activity in the chloroplast envelope is discussed.
Numerical integration of acoustic field data using the exterior Helmholtz integral equation. (1991)

Experimental measurements of acoustic pressures and normal pressure gradients over a closed surface surrounding an acoustic source can determine the acoustic field throughout the entire volume of a homogeneous region outside the measurement surface. One means for determining the extended field is to numerically integrate the exterior Helmholtz integral equation over the measurement surface. An implementation of this approach utilizing a finite-difference approximation to the exact Helmholtz equation integrated over a generalized cylindrical measurement surface has been developed to study acoustic fields radiating from large, immersed structures. In this talk the numerical algorithm will be described, and examples based on both simulated and actual measurement data will be presented. The results show pressure, velocity, and intensity distributions in the evanescent wave region immediately adjacent to localized and distributed acoustic sources, in the geometric near field and in the acoustic far field. Effects of errors due to finite spacing of measurement points over the measurement surface will be illustrated and evaluated.
Involvement of SSAO-mediated deamination in adipose glucose transport and weight gain in obese diabetic KKAy mice (2004)

Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is located on outer surfaces of adipocytes and endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. This enzyme catalyzes deamination of methylamine and aminoacetone, leading to production of toxic formaldehyde and methylglyoxal, respectively, as well as hydrogen peroxide and ammonium. Several lines of evidence suggest that increased SSAO activity is related to chronic inflammation and vascular disorders related to diabetic complications. We found that a highly potent and selective SSAO inhibitor, (E)-2-(4-fluorophenethyl)-3-fluoroallylamine (FPFA), was capable of reducing numbers of atherosclerotic lesions as well as weight gain in obese KKAy mice fed an atherogenic diet. SSAO inhibitors cause a moderate and long-lasting hyperglycemia. Such an increase in serum glucose is a result of reduction of glucose uptake by adipocytes. SSAO-mediated deamination of endogenous methylamine substrates induces adipocyte glucose uptake and lipogenesis. Highly selective SSAO inhibitors can effectively block induced glucose uptake. The results suggest that increased SSAO-mediated deamination may be concomitantly related to obesity and vascular disorders associated with type 2 diabetes.
Password-based independent authentication and key exchange protocol (2004)

This paper proposes a password-based authentication protocol suitable to certification through trustless network or key exchange. While the existing password-base protocols certify users through certification authority (CA) between client and server, in the proposed protocol of this paper, the users and the server exchange keys and perform authentication without the help of CA. To ameliorate the drawback of password-based protocols caused by the short length and randomness of password, the proposed protocol uses the signature techniques of ECDSA and the SRP protocol based on Diffie-Hellman key exchange method.
Colchicine suppresses neutrophil superoxide production in a murine model of gouty arthritis: a rationale for use of low‐dose colchicine (2008)

These results show a beneficial effect of colchicine for the treatment of MSU-induced superoxide production in vivo at sub-toxic doses without compromising superoxide production by other physiological processes. This is the first in vivo data to provide a biological rationale that supports the implementation of low dose, non-toxic, colchicine therapy for the treatment of gouty arthritis.
A Metadata Search Approach to Keyword Search in Relational Databases (2008)

Search engines on the Web have popularized the keyword-based search paradigm, while searching in databases users need to know a database schema and a query language. Keyword search techniques on the Web cannot directly be applied to databases because the data on the Internet and database are in different forms. Moreover, existing systems for keyword searching limit type of keywords to database value terms. Thus, this research aims to propose a new method for keyword searching in databases which allows users to search either with database value terms, metadata terms or user terms. The metadata model accommodates these terms as well as underlying database semantics.
Luminal CCK-releasing factor stimulates CCK release from human intestinal endocrine and STC-1 cells (2002)

CCK is secreted into the blood from intestinal endocrine cells following ingestion of a meal. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the ability of certain foods to stimulate CCK release is mediated by endogenously produced CCK-releasing factors. A newly discovered luminal CCK-releasing factor (LCRF) is secreted into the intestine, where it stimulates CCK secretion. However, the mechanism whereby LCRF affects intestinal epithelial cells is unknown. The current study was designed to determine whether LCRF has a direct effect on CCK cells to stimulate hormone secretion. In dispersed human intestinal mucosal cells, LCRF (5-200 nM) significantly stimulated CCK release in a concentration-dependent manner. This stimulatory effect was absent in calcium-free media and was inhibited by the L-type calcium-channel blockers diltiazem and nifedipine. To examine direct cellular effects of LCRF on CCK cells, further studies were conducted in the CCK-containing enteroendocrine cell line STC-1. As in native cells, LCRF significantly stimulated CCK release from STC-1 cells in a calcium-dependent manner. In cells loaded with a calcium-sensitive dye, LCRF stimulation produced a rapid increase in intracellular calcium. To examine the electrophysiological basis for this stimulation, whole cell recordings were made from STC-1 cells. Whole cell calcium currents were identified under basal conditions; moreover, calcium-channel activity was increased by LCRF. These studies demonstrate that 1) LCRF has a direct effect on human intestinal cells to stimulate CCK secretion, 2) stimulated hormone release is calcium dependent, and 3) LCRF activates calcium currents in CCK cells, which leads to CCK secretion.
Applications and implications of nanotechnologies for the food sector (2008)

A review of current and projected nanotechnology-derived food ingredients, food additives and food contact materials is presented in relation to potential implications for consumer safety and regulatory controls. Nanotechnology applications are expected to bring a range of benefits to the food sector, including new tastes, textures and sensations, less use of fat, enhanced absorption of nutrients, improved packaging, traceability and security of food products. The review has shown that nanotechnology-derived food and health food products are set to grow worldwide and, moreover, a variety of food ingredients, additives, carriers for nutrients/supplements and food contact materials is already available in some countries. The current level of applications in the European food sector is at an elementary stage; however, it is widely expected that more and more products will be available in the EU over the coming years. The toxicological nature of hazard, likelihood of exposure and risk to consumers from nanotechnology-derived food/food packaging are largely unknown and this review highlights major gaps in knowledge that require further research. A number of uncertainties and gaps in relevant regulatory frameworks have also been identified and ways of addressing them proposed.