gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Science Model of a Working Cobalt-Promoted Molybdenum Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst:  Characterization and Reactivity (1996)

Surface science models of silica- and alumina-supported CoMoS catalysts have been made by impregnating thin SiO2 and Al2O3 films with a solution of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) complexes of cobalt and molybdenum. XPS spectra indicate that the order in which cobalt and molybdenum transfer to the sulfided state is reversed with respect to oxidic Co and Mo systems prepared by conventional methods, implying that NTA complexation retards the sulfidation of cobalt to temperatures where MoS2 is already formed. Catalytic tests show that the CoMoS model catalysts exhibit activities for thiophene desulfurization and product distributions similar to those of their high surface area counterparts.
Circuit Breaker and Safe Controlled Power Switch (2007)

We present a simulation study on power device structures based on a dualization of the thyristor equivalent circuit. This dualization results in new power devices, namely, "circuit breaker" and "safe controlled power switch". Both the circuit breaker and the safe controlled power switch can be used to protect against over currents. The circuit breaker exhibits self protection against over currents while the safe controlled power switch with inherent over current turn-off capability is controlled by the MOS gates of the device. These novel power devices have very good on-state characteristics that are comparable to the on-state characteristics of the injection enhancement IGBTs.
Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization in Rats by Systemic Administration of Sorafenib (2012)

Oral administration of a multikinase inhibitor (sorafenib) significantly reduced the development of experimental corneal neovascularization in a dose-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect is probably related to the suppression of ERK phosphorylation by sorafenib.
Influenza A surface glycosylation and vaccine design (2016)

We have shown that glycosylation of influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinin (HA), especially at position N-27, is crucial for HA folding and virus survival. However, it is not known whether the glycosylation of HA and the other two major IAV surface glycoproteins, neuraminidase (NA) and M2 ion channel, is essential for the replication of IAV. Here, we show that glycosylation of HA at N-142 modulates virus infectivity and host immune response. Glycosylation of NA in the stalk region affects its structure, activity, and specificity, thereby modulating virus release and virulence, and glycosylation at the catalytic domain affects its thermostability; however, glycosylation of M2 had no effect on its function. In addition, using IAV without the stalk and catalytic domains of NA as a live attenuated vaccine was shown to confer a strong IAV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell response and a strong cross-strain as well as cross-subtype protection against various virus strains.
Copper(II)/Iron(III) Co-catalyzed Intermolecular Diamination of Alkynes: Facile Synthesis of Imidazopyridines (2012)

A facile synthesis of imidazo[1,2-α]pyridines has been achieved by copper(II) and iron(III) co-catalyzed C-N bond formation. This reaction involves an intermolecular oxidative diamination of alkynes with high chemoselectivity and regioselectivity.
N-Glycosylation Increases the Circulatory Half-Life of Human Growth Hormone (2010)

Therapeutic use of recombinant GH typically involves daily sc injections. We examined the possibilities for prolonging the in vivo circulation of GH by introducing N-glycans. Human GH variants with a single potential N-glycosylation site (N-X-S/T) introduced by site-directed mutagenesis were expressed in HEK293 cells. In a scan of 15 different positions for N-glycosylation sites, four positions (amino acids 93, 98, 99, and 101) were efficiently utilized and did not influence GH in vitro activity. A GH variant (3N-GH) with all these sites was produced in CHOK1SV cells and contained up to three N-glycans. Two pools of 3N-GH were purified and separated according to their charge by anion-exchange chromatography. Anion-exchange HPLC revealed that the N-glycans in the two pools were very similar except for the extent of sialylation. Both 3N-GH pools circulated longer in rats than wild-type GH. The terminal half-life of 3N-GH after iv injection was 24-fold prolonged compared with wild-type GH for the pool with the most pronounced sialylation, 13-fold prolonged for the less sialylated pool, and similar to the wild-type for desialylated 3N-GH. The less sialylated 3N-GH pool exhibited a profound pharmacodynamic effect in GH-deficient rats. Over a 4-d period, a single injection of 3N-GH induced a stronger IGF-I response and a larger increase in body weight than daily injections with wild-type GH. Thus, N-glycans can prolong the in vivo circulation and enhance the pharmacodynamic effect of GH. Sialic acids seem to play a pivotal role for the properties of glycosylated GH.
Deterministic execution for arbitrary multithreaded programs (2012)

Nondeterminism is one of the main reasons that parallel programming is so difficult. Bugs can vanish when programs are rerun or run under a debugger, thwarting attempts at their removal. Stress-testing is a common practice to flush out rare defects though it consumes extensive processing power and offers no real guarantees of discovering bugs. Deployment can similarly expose new issues that are difficult to reproduce. Finally, nondeterminism frustrates replicating multithreaded programs for fault-tolerance or performance as the replicas can diverge silently. Determinism eliminates these problems, making debugging and replication possible and making testing more valuable and efficient. 
Previous efforts at providing determinism required programs to be (re-)written in restrictive languages. In contrast to these language-level determinism schemes, this dissertation shows how execution-level determinism can be provided for arbitrary parallel programs, even programs that contain concurrency errors. First, we employ a hardware-based approach to provide determinism for unmodified binaries running on a deterministic multiprocessor system. Second, we show that memory consistency relaxations both enable a pure software-based implementation of execution-level determinism for arbitrary programs and also admit a simpler deterministic multiprocessor design. Finally, we describe a hybrid mechanism that integrates execution-level and language-level determinism techniques to provide determinism for arbitrary programs with higher performance than an execution-level approach alone.
An Instrument for Continuously Measuring Capacitance Changes (1978)

A method of measurement which can be applied to resolve small capacitance changes and yet can respond linearly to large capacitance changes was described by us previously. In the present paper this method is discussed further, and it is shown how it can be used to develop a versatile instrument which finds important applications in variety of physical measurements. The general features of the instrument are considered with suggestions of further improvement.
Negative differential resistance and multilevel memory effects in organic devices (2006)

Negative differential resistance (NDR) and multilevel memory effects were obtained in organic devices consisting of an anthracene derivative, 9,10-bis-{9,9-di-[4-(phenyl-p-tolyl-amino)-phenyl]-9H-fluoren-2-yl}-anthracene (DAFA), sandwiched between Ag and ITO electrodes. The application of a negative bias voltage leads to negative differential resistance in current–voltage characteristics and different negative voltages produce different conductance currents, resulting in the multilevel memory capability of the devices. The NDR property has been attributed to charge trapping at the DAFA/Ag interface. This opens up a wide range of application possibilities of such organic-based NDR devices in memory and logic circuits.
Pérdida de peso a los 2 días de vida en recién nacidos sanos según tipo de lactancia, edad gestacional, tipo de parto y peso al nacer. (2011)

Introduccion : Se estudia la perdida de peso a los 2 dias de vida en recien nacidos sanos segun el tipo de alimentacion recibida, lactancia materna o lactancia artificial, relacionandolo con el tipo de parto, cesarea, parto eutocico , Ventosa o forceps, edad gestacional y peso al nacimiento. Con el fin de evitar perdida excesiva de peso en los recien nacidos, retrasando su alta hospitalaria incluso ingresando en unidades de cuidados especificos neonatales. Material y metodos: Se incluyeron un total de 261 recien nacidos sanos de ambos sexos, a termino, con peso adecuado para edad gestacional y madre sin patologias influyentes. Segun el tipo de alimentacion se dividio a los recien nacidos en dos grupos: uno los alimentados exclusivamente con lactancia materna y otro los alimentados con biberon. Y se estudio la perdida de peso en funcion de la alimentacion, la edad gestacional, el tipo de parto y el peso al nacer. Resultados: Una vez recogidos los datos se procede a su analisis observando que los recien nacidos alimentados con lactancia materna pierden mas peso al tercer dia de vida (6,8 ±2,8%),  que los alimentados con lactancia artificial (2,27 ±2,38%). Cuando evaluamos la perdida de peso segun el tipo de parto vemos que los recien nacidos por forceps y ventosa no son muestra suficiente para el estudio y que los nacidos por cesarea pierden ligeramente mas peso que los nacidos por parto eutocico. Al estudiar la edad gestacional, el peso al nacer, el perimetro cefalico y talla al nacimiento se deduce que no son variables influyentes produciendose gran variabilidad en la perdida de peso. Palabras clave : perdida peso, lactancia materna, lactancia artificial, semanas gestacion, cesarea.
A technique for rapid purification of low yield products: biotinylation of chemically synthesized proteins on-resin. (1992)

We report here straightforward methodology for the purification of chemically synthesized proteins which are produced in low yield. The methodology is generally applicable to all proteins still on-resin and fully protected except for the terminal amino group. The protein is treated in order with the following steps: Biotinylation with NHS-biotin, HF cleavage, and avidin-agarose affinity chromatography. No special skills or automated equipment are needed to take advantage of this procedure.
Neovascular responses induced by cultured aortic endothelial cells (1983)

Neovascularization was studied in the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo after implantation of bovine aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells, Swiss and BALB/c 3T3 cells and human diploid fibroblasts cultured separately on microcarrier beads. Quantitative analysis of neovascularization indicated a 3 1/2-fold increase in the number of blood vessels responding to endothelial cells while smooth muscle cells induced a twofold increase when compared to the response of beads without cells. Skin fibroblasts and Swiss 3T3 cells did not elicit a comparable response. The marked angiogenic response induced by endothelial cells was characterized by a 137% increase in total vessel length and a 35% increase in average vessel area when compared to controls. Two of the properties required for an angiogenesis factor--stimulation of cellular migration and proliferation--can also be demonstrated using endothelial cell-conditioned medium in cell culture systems. Medium from cultured bovine aortic endothelium stimulates DNA synthesis, proliferation, and migration of smooth muscle cells. In addition, conditioned media from both endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells produced an angiogenic response in the chorioallantoic membrane assay, which was comparable to that produced by intact cells growing on microcarrier beads. Similar responses were not evident with medium conditioned by other cell types. These results indicate the potential importance of endothelial cells and endothelial cell products in regulating blood vessel growth.
Influence of nasal mask choice for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) (2014)

Aim: Relatively few trials have investigated the influence of mask choice on CPAP therapy for OSA. This French multicentre study compared outcomes during CPAP therapy using different nasal masks in patients with OSA. Methods: Newly-diagnosed OSA patients were randomised to receive CPAP via different nasal masks (Group 1: ResMed Mirage FX®; Group 2: Fisher&Paykel Zest® or HC407®, or Philips EasyLife®). Mask acceptability (defined as patients' continued use of randomised mask), CPAP compliance, and Home Care Provider (HCP) interventions were compared at 3-months in the intent-to-treat (ITT) and on-treatment (OT; CPAP adherent) populations. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with nasal mask acceptance. Results: 285 patients were enrolled; 90 required a full-face mask due to mouth leaks and were excluded. 195 (ITT) and 151 (OT) patients were included in the analyses. More patients in group 1 vs group 2 showed mask acceptance (ITT 79% vs 68%, p=0.067; OT 90% vs 76%, p=0.022). Compliance with CPAP was better in group 1 vs group 2 (5.9±1.8 vs 5.1±1.6 h/night, p=0.011).The number of HCP visits as a result of nasal mask issues was lower in group 1 vs group 2 (3% vs 17%, p=0.006); time for initial training was similar. In the ITT population, nasal mask acceptance was significantly associated with fewer mask leaks (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.76,0.94, p=0.002) and higher pressure therapy (OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.01,1.44, p=0.042). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that acceptance of various first-line nasal masks is not equivalent, and that initial nasal mask choice may influence compliance and subsequent CPAP therapy management.
LOW VOLTAGE POWER ELECTRONICS (1995)

This paper summarizes some of the current solutions to fulfil the requirements of the new low voltage power systems. On one hand, microelectronics evolution demands lower supply voltage. On the other hand, the portability of the new communication systems demands lighter and smaller power electronics. The improvement of the performance of low power and low output voltage converters is carried out in this paper. Topics like power density, efficiency, thermal management, battery life, hard and soft switching, magnetics integration, synchronous rectification and power factor correction affect each other in these kinds of converters. Although all the relations among the previous terms are difficult to assess, this paper reviews some aspects of the current situation.
DNA-looping and enhancer activity: association between DNA-bound NtrC activator and RNA polymerase at the bacterial glnA promoter. (1990)

The NtrC protein activates transcription of the glnA operon of enteric bacteria by stimulating the formation of stable "open" complexes by RNA polymerase (sigma 54-holoenzyme form). To regulate the glnA promoter, NtrC binds to sites that have the properties of transcriptional enhancers: the sites will function far from the promoter and in an orientation-independent fashion. To investigate the mechanism of enhancer function, we have used electron microscopy to visualize the interactions of purified NtrC and RNA polymerase with their DNA binding sites and with each other. Under conditions that allow the formation of open complexes, about 30% of DNA molecules carry both RNA polymerase and NtrC bound to their specific sites. Of these, about 15% form looped structures in which NtrC and the RNA polymerase-promoter complex are in contact. The length of the looped DNA is that predicted from the spacing that was engineered between the enhancer and the glnA promoter (390 base pairs). As expected for activation intermediates, the looped structures disappear when RNA polymerase is allowed to transcribe the DNA. We conclude that the NtrC enhancer functions by means of a direct association between DNA-bound NtrC and RNA polymerase (DNA-looping model). Association of DNA-bound proteins appears to be the major mechanism by which different types of site-specific DNA transactions are localized and controlled.
Structure-based Markov random field model for representing evolutionary constraints on functional sites (2016)

The results show that adoption of a structure-based architecture could be an acceptable approximation for coevolution modeling with efficient computation complexity.
Shock wave compression of the ferroelectric ceramic Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3: Hugoniot states and constitutive mechanical properties (2003)

Although the particular lead zirconate/titanate composition Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3 (PZT 95/5–2Nb) was identified many years ago as a promising ferroelectric ceramic for use in shock-driven pulsed power supplies, relatively few studies have been performed to characterize its response under shock wave compression. The current study began when strong interest developed in numerically simulating the operation of pulsed power supplies, which required improved models for dynamic material properties. Experiments were conducted on a gas-gun facility to determine Hugoniot states, to examine constitutive mechanical properties during shock propagation, and to investigate shock-driven depoling kinetics. This article summarizes results from the first two of these areas. A baseline material, similar to materials used in previous studies, was examined in detail. Limited experiments were conducted with other materials to investigate the effects of different porous microstructures. Reverse-impact experiments were used to obtain a Hugoniot curve for the baseline material over the stress range of interest, as well as comparative data for the other materials. Wave profiles recorded in transmitted-wave experiments examined the effects of varying shock strength and propagation distance, poling state and orientation, initial density, porous microstructure at a fixed density, and electric field strength. The collective results identify a complex material behavior governed by anomalous compressibility and incomplete phase transformation at low shock amplitudes, and a relatively slow yielding process at high shock amplitudes. Differences in poling state, field strength, and porous microstructure in common-density materials were found to have a small effect on this behavior, but large effects were observed when initial density was varied. Comparisons with similar studies on other ceramic materials show both similarities and differences, and provide insights into possible yielding mechanisms.
Conoscopic holography: two-dimensional numerical reconstructions (1993)

Conoscopic holography is an incoherent light holographic technique based on the properties of crystal optics. We present experimental results of the numerical reconstruction of a two-dimensional object from its conoscopic hologram.
Study of Nanoimprint Technology (2010)

The principle of Nanoimprint was introduced.The materials and processes about these techniques will be discussed.The processes includes hot embossing lithography,uvimprinting and microcontact printing.Some subjects for the future researches and challenges on the technology are proposed.
Age Related Complications of Pulmonary Angiography for Acute Pulmonary Embolism. (1993)

The relation of age to complications of pulmonary angiography was assessed among 1111 patients who underwent pulmonary angiography for acute pulmonary embolism in the collaborative study of the Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED). The quality of pulmonary angiograms was similar among all age groups in the study. Neither major nor nonmajor complications occurred with a greater total frequency among elderly patients than among young patients. Manor and nonmajor renal failure, however, were more frequent among patients 70 years of age or older, and this was the most frequent complication of angiography in this age group. Among patients 70 years of age and older, renal failure occurred in 7 of 281 (2.5%), as opposed to 6 of 830 (0.7%) patients 69 years old or younger (P is less than 0.05). Patients with either major or nonmajor renal complications were older than patients with no renal dysfunction following pulmonary angiography (74Â+/-13 yr vs 57Â+/-17 yr) (P is less than 0.001). Most of the patients who died or sustained major nonfatal cardiopulmonary complications, irrespective of age, were in critical condition with severely compromised cardiopulmonary function prior to angiography; the severity of the underlying condition rendered these patients vulnerable to the procedure. In conclusion, high-quality pulmonary angiography can be done safely on elderly patients. The risks of pulmonary angiography are sufficiently low to justify it as a diagnostic tool in the appropriate clinical setting, even in elderly patients. Clinical judgment is important in selecting patients and assessing their risk.
Facial nerve regeneration through progesterone‐loaded chitosan prosthesis. A preliminary report (2003)

Biodegradable nerve guides have represented new treatment alternatives for nerve repairing. They are gradually biodegradable, exert biological effects directly to the injured nerve, and act as drug- or cell-delivery devices. Furthermore, progesterone (PROG) has been demonstrated to promote injured peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, it was hypothesized that PROG delivered from chitosan prostheses provides better facial nerve regenerative response than chitosan prostheses with no PROG. As there are no reports on the use of the former as nerve-guide material in the regeneration of injured nerves, this is the main objective of the present work. Chitosan prostheses containing PROG were used to bridge 10-mm gaps in rabbit facial nerves. The regenerated nerves were evaluated 45 days after implantation in animals with the use of light microscopy and morphometric analysis. Gas chromatography was used in order to quantify PROG content in prosthesis prior to and after implantation in subcutaneous tissue at different periods of up to 60 days. In addition, the prosthesis walls were evaluated with histological techniques in order to assess their integrity and the surrounding tissue reaction. Chitosan prostheses allowed PROG release during the time needed for nerve regeneration. At 45 days myelinated nerve fibers were observed in both the proximal and distal stumps. This parameter and the N ratio were higher in the progesterone-treated group when compared to that of the vehicle control. Findings indicate that chitosan prostheses were useful in nerve regeneration, acting as a long-lasting PROG delivery device a faster nerve regeneration.
Vortex Interactions with Walls (1994)

The field of fluid mechanics is rapidly advancing, driven by unprecedented volumes of data from experiments, field measurements, and large-scale simulations at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning (ML) offers a wealth of techniques to extract ...Read More
104 GHz signals measured by high frequency scanningforcemicroscope test system (1995)

A newly-developed high frequency scanning force microscope (HFSFM) test system combines both high spatial and temporal resolution, and enables functional probing and failure analysis of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). The upper frequency limit of this test system, originally 20 GHz, was extended to >100 GHz using nonlinear transmission lines, with all components packaged in a simple arrangement using 3.5 mm microwave coaxial connectors. Even with this severe limitation, on-chip measurement of 104 GHz signals were performed.