gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation and optimization of the power distribution network in VLSI circuits (2000)

In this paper, we present simulation techniques to estimate the worst-case voltage variation using an RC model for the power distribution network. Pattern independent maximum envelope currents are used as a periodic input for performing the frequency-domain steady-state simulation of the linear RC circuit to evaluate the worst-case instantaneous voltage drop for the RC power distribution networks. The proposed technique unlike existing techniques, is guaranteed to give the maximum voltage drop at nodes in the RC power distribution network. We present experimental results to compare the frequency-domain and time-domain simulation techniques for estimating the maximum instantaneous voltage drop. We also present frequency domain sensitivity analysis based decoupling capacitance placement for reducing the voltage variation in the power distribution network. Experimental results on circuits extracted from layout are presented to validate the simulation and optimization techniques.
PALLADIUM-CATALYZED CARBONYLATION OF TERMINAL ACETYLENES: A NEW METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF ACETYLENECARBOXYLATES (2001)

Acetylenecarboxylates were easily prepared via palladium bromide-catalyzed carbonylation of terminal acetylenes in fair to good yields.
Region-of-Interest Based Conversational HEVC Coding with Hierarchical Perception Model of Face (2014)

In this paper, we propose a region-of-interest (ROI) based HEVC coding approach for conversational videos, with a novel hierarchical perception model of face (HP model), to improve the perceived visual quality of state-of-the-art HEVC standard. In contrast to the previous ROI-based video coding approaches, this novel HP model allows the unequal importance of facial features (e.g., the eyes and mouth) within the facial region, by generating a pixel-wise weight map. Benefitting from such a perception model, the adaptive coding tree unit (CTU) partition structure is developed to alleviate the encoding complexity of HEVC, without any degradation of the visual quality in facial regions, especially in the regions of facial features. Subsequently, for the rate control in HEVC a weight-based unified rate-quantization (URQ) scheme, instead of the conventional pixel-based URQ scheme, is proposed to adaptively adjust the value of quantization parameter (QP). Such an adaptive adjustment of QPs is capable of allocating more bits to the face/facial features with respect to our HP model, and as a result, the visual quality of face, in particular facial features, can be enhanced for conversational HEVC coding. Finally, the experimental results show that the perceived visual quality of our approach is greatly improved, with even less encoding time, for conversational video coding on the HEVC platform.
Screening of the Antidepressant-like Activity of Two <i>Hypericum</i> Species Found in Ethiopia (2014)

The widespread use of Hypericum perforatum for the treatment of mild to moderate depression has prompted screening of the antidepressant-like effect of other species of the genus. The present study was designed to assess the antidepressant-like activity of the 80% methanol extract of Hypericum quartinianum and Hypericum revolutum in behavioral despair model. Eighty percent methanol extract of H. quartinianum and H. revolutum was investigated using learned helplessness models of depression such as tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming tests (FST) and avoidance tests. In addition, locomotor activity was investigated with open field test (OFT). Mice (for TST, avoidance test and OFT) and rats (for FST) were randomly assigned into different groups and treated with distilled water (control), imipramine 64 mg/kg (standard) and extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg). At 200 and 400 mg/kg, H. revolutum was effective in reducing immobility time in the TST (43.84%, p<0.01 and 49.08%, p<0.01, respectively) and FST (33.7%, p<0.05 and 38.4%, p<0.01, respectively). Similarly, H. quartinianum also showed anti-immobilty effect at 200 (30.67%, p<0.01) and 400 mg/kg (41.19%, p<0.01) in TST. However, only the larger dose produced significant anti-immobility effect in FST (35.3%, p<0.05). Moreover, both extracts at the doses used significantly decreased the escape failure (p<0.01) and increased the intertrial crossing (p<0.05 and p<0.01) during the resting periods in the avoidance task in a shuttle box. In OFT, the tested crude extracts did not significantly alter locomotor activity, suggesting that it is very unlikely that the observed antidepressant effects are false positives. These observations together provide evidence that the 80% methanolic extract of leaves of H. quartinianum and H. revolutum display antidepressant-like actions in established models of behavioral despair without affecting locomotion.Keywords: Hypericum quartinianum, Hypericum revolutum, depression, antidepressant-like activity
Internet Addiction: A Review of Current Assessment Techniques and Potential Assessment Questions (2005)

The concept of Internet addiction has been proposed as an explanation for uncontrollable and damaging use of the Internet. Symptoms of excessive Internet use have been compared to the criteria used to diagnose other addictions such as pathological gambling. Although criteria to diagnose this problem have been proposed, methods of assessing excessive Internet use are limited. A structured interview based on the criteria proposed by Beard and Wolf is proposed to aid in the assessment of "Internet addiction." This, in turn, could aid in the diagnosis and intervention of a client who enters treatment reporting difficulties with excessive Internet use.
Determination of Easily Hydrolyzable Fructose Units in Dextran Preparations (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Easily Hydrolyzable Fructose Units in Dextran PreparationsC. S. Wise, R. J. Dimler, H. A. Davis, and C. E. RistCite this: Anal. Chem. 1955, 27, 1, 33–36Publication Date (Print):January 18, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 January 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60097a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60097a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations168LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Mood Disorders (1995)

Patients with bipolar disorder demonstrate a pattern of subcortical brain morphologic abnormalities and cognitive impairment.
Randomized Bit Encoding for Stronger Backward Channel Protection in RFID Systems (2008)

In this paper, we introduce a randomized bit encoding scheme that can strengthen the privacy protection on RFID tags. This scheme is used together with the backward channel protection method proposed by Choi and Roh (2006), which serves to protect the unique identifier of an RFID tag from disclosure to close-range eavesdroppers. Choi and Roh's method faces the 'same-bit' problem, in which some bits of the unique identifier could be disclosed, thereby revealing critical information. Our proposed scheme alleviates the 'same-bit' problem to a negligible level. Furthermore, we propose an enhanced system model that can protect the unique tag identifier from disclosure not only against eavesdroppers, but against unauthorized interrogators as well. A metric based on entropy was defined and used to measure the amount of protection offered by the scheme. A method to construct an optimal randomized n-bit encoding scheme was also described. In addition, theoretical analysis and simulations were conducted, which show that the proposed encoding scheme provides significant improvement (achieving almost twice the entropy) over no encoding.
Application of Antibiotic Ointment to the Site of Venous Catheterization--a Controlled Trial (1969)

Journal Article Application of Antibiotic Ointment to the Site of Venous Catheterization—a Controlled Trial Get access Carl W. Norden Carl W. Norden From the Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 120, Issue 5, November 1969, Pages 611–615, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/120.5.611 Published: 01 November 1969 Article history Received: 25 July 1969 Revision received: 12 August 1969 Published: 01 November 1969
Hysteresis behavior in 85-nm channel length vertical n-MOSFETs grown by MBE (1996)

Vertical n-MOSFETs with channel lengths of 85 nm have been grown by MBE. For drain-to-source voltages V/sub DS/>3.3 V, these transistors exhibit hysteresis behavior similar to the reported behavior of fully depleted SOI-MOSFETs. Our results also show a gate voltage controlled turn-off of the drain current when the transistor is operating in the hysteresis mode. We have analyzed this behavior in vertical n-MOSFETs using 2-D device simulation and our results show a threshold value for the hole concentration across the source-channel junction which is required for the forward biasing of this junction. For a transistor operating in the hysteresis mode, we show that the potential barrier height for electron injection across the source-channel junction increases for increasing negative gate voltages during retrace. This results in a gate controlled turn-off of the drain current for SOI and vertical n-MOSFETs operating in the regenerative mode.
Effect of environmental pH on enzyme activity and growth of Bacteroides gingivalis W50 (1988)

Since the pH of the gingival crevice increases from below neutrality in health to above pH 8 in disease, we decided to investigate the effect of environmental pH on the growth and enzyme activity of Bacteroides gingivalis W50. Cells were grown in a chemostat under hemin-excess conditions over a range of pH values; stable growth was observed only between pH 6.7 and 8.3, with the maximum yields obtained between pH 7.0 and 8.0. The enzyme profile of cells varied markedly with pH. Enzymes with a specificity for gingival connective tissue (collagenase, hyaluronidase) were produced optimally at or below neutral pH, whereas trypsinlike activity increased with the growth pH and was maximal at pH 8.0. Chymotrypsinlike activity was generally low, although its activity was highest at the extremes of growth pH, i.e., at pH 6.7 and 8.3. Inhibitor studies provided evidence that the breakdown of collagen involved the concerted action of both a collagenase and the trypsinlike enzyme. The ratio of trypsin to collagenolytic activity rose from 1:1 during growth at neutral pH and below to almost 7:1 during growth at pH 8.3. Thus B. gingivalis appears to be uniquely adapted as a periodontopathic organism in that under environmental conditions likely to prevail during the initial stages of pocket development it produces maximally those enzymes with a tissue-damaging potential. Then, as the pH of the pocket rises during the host inflammatory response, the activity of the trypsinlike enzyme increases markedly, which may enable cells to inactivate key components of the host defenses such as immunoglobulins and complement.
A Novel Double-Pulse Excimer-Laser Crystallization Method of Silicon Thin-Films (1995)

We propose a novel double-pulse excimer-laser crystallization method, where two laser light pulses successively irradiate the surface of thin silicon (Si) films. The first light pulse supplies thermal energy near the Si/substrate interface, and this energy reduces the heat removal rate in the melt-regrowth phase triggered by the second light pulse, resulting in large-grain growth of the Si film. The average grain size was enlarged up to 0.8 µm, i.e., more than 10 times larger than that obtained by the conventional method. Solidification characteristics were also investigated numerically.
Rehabilitating the Injured Athlete (1977)

The modem approach to rehabilitation is early mobilization and general reconditioning. The author outlines a program that begins with first aid on the athletic field and ends when the athlete returns to competition.
Forskolin and a tumor promoter are able to induce c-fos and c-myc expression in normal, but not in a v-ras-transformed rat thyroid cell line. (1988)

The rat thyroid cell line (FRTL5) is dependent on thyrotropic hormone (TSH) for its growth. c-fos and c-myc oncogenes expression was measured in these cells after addition of their specific growth factor TSH and after treatment with either forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase or with a tumor promoter, TPA. Transient expression of oncogenes coding for nuclear products and a slight increase in ras-h oncogene expression were observed in normal rat thyroid cells after all treatments. In contrast, in v-ras-transformed rat thyroid cells, which express very high levels of p21, treatment with either TSH, forskolin or TPA does not induce c-fos gene expression, while c-myc expression was constitutive. Normal unstimulated cells show no c-myc expression.
Testicular Function in Poor‐Risk Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors Treated With Methotrexate, Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy (2009)

Our objective was to investigate the impact of methotrexate, paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin (M-TIP) on long-term fertility in poor-risk nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). Thirty patients with poor-risk NSGCT (median age, 29 years; range, 17-62 years) were treated with methotrexate 250 mg/m(2) with folinic acid rescue (day 1) and paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) (day 1), followed by ifosfamide 1.2 g/m(2) and cisplatin 20 mg/m(2) (days 2-6). Treatment consisted of 4 cycles of M-TIP administered every 3 weeks. Twenty-one patients were continuously disease-free at a median follow-up of 5.3 years (range, 0.9-8.4 years). Sperm count and hormonal analyses were examined prechemotherapy (30 patients) and postchemotherapy (21 patients). Counts were classified as follows: lower than 1 x 10(6)/mL, azoospermia; 1-20 x 10(6)/mL, oligospermia (OS); higher than 20 x 10(6)/mL, normospermia (NS). Patients were followed for a median of 2.3 years (range, 0.9-3.8 years) postchemotherapy. The prechemotherapy median luteinizing hormone (LH) serum levels were slightly above the upper normal limit, whereas the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) were within the reference interval. Eleven (52.3%) patients had NS prechemotherapy. Among the patients with NS, 72.7% still had NS following chemotherapy. Overall, 17 of 21 (80.9%; 33.3% OS and 47.6% NS) patients had recovery of spermatogenesis after treatment. The median FSH serum levels were significantly elevated at least 1 year postchemotherapy when compared with the pretreatment levels. Eighteen months after the completion of chemotherapy the median FSH levels had returned to the reference limits. Serum LH and T levels were unaffected by chemotherapy. Prior to chemotherapy 4 of 30 patients had fathered 5 children. Since completion of chemotherapy, 5 patients have fathered 5 children. The majority of men with poor-risk germ cell tumors who were treated with the M-TIP regimen demonstrated recovery spermatogenesis after treatment, and Leydig cell function was unaffected.
Influence of selected parameters of Selective Laser Sintering process on properties of sintered materials (2013)

Purpose: Presented researches aimed at determining the influence of parameters of Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), such as: laser power, point distance, scanning speed and exposure time on the density and compression strength of sintered material. Design/methodology/approach: Researches were performed using EOS 250XT (with maximum laser power of 250 W) and Renishaw AM 250 (with maximum laser power of 400W) systems for additive manufacturing. Investigated material was EOS - DirectSteel H20. There was prepared plan of the experiment incorporating above mentioned parameters of the sintering process. According to the DOE, samples for 25 sets of parameters were built, and later on investigated in order to measure and observe their densities and compression strength. Findings: Results of the performed studies enabled to work out the basis of the methodology for finding and optimizing parameters of the SLS process depending on the optimization criteria (i.e. physic-mechanical properties of the sample, sintering time, quality of the sintered surface). Basing on the knowledge gained during performed investigations, it can be stated that the sintering technologies supplied by the manufacturers of additive manufacturing systems can be significantly improved by modifying selected parameters. Practical implications: As the additive manufacturing allows to produce almost any shape, without limits existing in case of subtractive machining methods, it might be applied in the tooling industry for manufacturing moulds for injection moulding. Results of performed studies will find its application in making moulds with conformal cooling channels of durability comparable with solid / base materials. Originality/value: Selective Laser Sintering and Selective Laser Melting processes the additive manufacturing methods, are booming with its possible application fields, however it is still limited due to the main limitations of the process concerning durability and strength of sintered elements. The paper presents approach and test methodology enabling relatively simple and low cost (due to not large number of samples) optimization of SLS process enabling reaching properties of sintered elements comparable with those built of solid materials.
Central role of the flowering repressor ZCCT2 in the redox control of freezing tolerance and the initial development of flower primordia in wheat (2014)

Various redox-altering compounds and osmotica had differential effects on glutathione disulphide content and reduction potential, and consequently on the expression of the flowering repressor ZCCT2 in the winter wheat Ch and the spring wheat Tsp. We propose that the higher expression of ZCCT2 in Ch may be associated with activation of genes of cold acclimation and its lower expression in Tsp with the induction of genes accelerating initial development of flower primordia. In addition, ZCCT2 may be involved in the coordinated control of the two processes.
Adaptive Feedback Canceller: Entrainment (2006)

This paper explains the chaotic artifact (entrainment) observed when correlated input signals are presented to an adaptive feedback canceller. When an adaptive feedback canceller is being entrained, a few intermittent new frequency components are manifested while keeping the system near the boundary of instability. By applying mean square error (MSE) surface concepts to a simplified feedback canceller, we demonstrate the fundamental cause for the phenomenon and show that this is inherent to a feedback canceller structure
Sodium Tripolyphosphate and Polyphosphate as Dispersing Agents for Alumina Suspensions: Rheological Characterization (2013)

In the present work, the influence of addition of some dispersing agents employed for maximizing the solid loading of alumina concentrated suspensions has been investigated. Two commercially available deflocculants were used: a sodium tripolyphosphate and a sodium polyphosphate. Rheological tests were carried out at 25°C under continuous flow conditions by using the rate-controlled coaxial cylinder viscometer Rotovisko-Haake 20, system M5-osc., measuring device SV2P with serrated surfaces. The application of rheological techniques permitted the evaluation of the efficiency and the optimum dosage of the dispersing agents employed upon the alumina slips examined, that is, the critical concentration at which the maximum reduction in viscosity is detected.
Assessment of Local Hemodynamics in Periodontal Inflammation Using Optical Spectroscopy (2011)

This study supports previous findings that tissue oxygenation as measured by optical spectroscopy is significantly decreased in periodontitis and that optical spectroscopy can simultaneously determine multiple inflammatory indices related to periodontal disease directly in gingival tissues in vivo.
Effect of Chlorella vulgaris on lipid metabolism in Wistar rats fed high fat diet (2008)

This study was performed to investigate effects of Chlorella vulgaris on lipid metabolism in rats fed high fat diet. Sixty 6-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups; normal diet group and high fat diet group, then the rats in each group were further divided into three subgroups and fed 0%, 5% and 10% (w/w) chlorella-containing diets, respectively, and raised for 9 weeks. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and total protein and albumin concentration were not different among groups. Serum total lipids and liver TG concentration were significantly lower in 5% and 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella group in high fat diet groups (p<0.05). Serum TG, serum total cholesterol, liver total lipid and liver total cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella group in high fat diet groups (p<0.05). Fecal total lipid, TG and total cholesterol excretions were significantly higher in 5% and 10% chlorella groups than 0% chlorella groups in normal diet and high fat diet groups, respectively (p<0.05). These results suggest that Chlorella vulgaris is effective for prevention of dyslipidemia which may be due to the modulation of lipid metabolism and increased fecal excretion of lipid.
Stereo-, Temporal and Chemical Control through Photoactivation of Living Radical Polymerization: Synthesis of Block and Gradient Copolymers (2015)

Nature has developed efficient polymerization processes, which allow the synthesis of complex macromolecules with a perfect control of tacticity as well as molecular weight, in response to a specific stimulus. In this contribution, we report the synthesis of various stereopolymers by combining a photoactivated living polymerization, named photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) with Lewis acid mediators. We initially investigated the tolerance of two different photoredox catalysts, i.e., Ir(ppy)3 and Ru(bpy)3, in the presence of a Lewis acid, i.e., Y(OTf)3 and Yb(OTf)3, to mediate the polymerization of N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMAA). An excellent control of tacticity as well as molecular weight and dispersity was observed when Ir(ppy)3 and Y(OTf)3 were employed in a methanol/toluene mixture, while no polymerization or poor control was observed with Ru(bpy)3. In comparison to a thermal system, a lower amount of Y(OTf)3 was required to achieve good control over the tacticity. Taking advantage of the temporal control inherent in our system, we were able to design complex macromolecular architectures, such as atactic block-isotactic and isotactic-block-atactic polymers in a one-pot polymerization approach. Furthermore, we discovered that we could modulate the degree of tacticity through a chemical stimulus, by varying [DMSO]0/[Y(OTf)3]0 ratio from 0 to 30 during the polymerization. The stereochemical control afforded by the addition of a low amount of DMSO in conjunction with the inherent temporal control enabled the synthesis of stereogradient polymer consisting of five different stereoblocks in one-pot polymerization.