gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of body fat in normal and obese mice (1980)

1. Lee Index (weight (g0.33) divided by nasoanal length (mm)), density, body water and proportional weight of the gonadal fat pad were tested as estimates of body fat in a normal population of mice and a population which included obese mice. 2. In a normal population only body water and fat-pad weight correlated significantly with body fat. 3. In a population of normal and obese mice all four indices correlated significantly with body fat. 4. Lee Index had little advantage over weight:length as an estimate of body fat, and density did not correlate well enough to be used as a method of estimation. 5. Proportional weight of the gonadal fat pad is recommended as a simple reliable estimate of body fat in normal or obese mice.
Oxidation of Oximes to Nitrile Oxides with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents (2009)

Iodobenzene diacetate in MeOH containing a catalytic amount of TFA efficiently oxidizes aldoximes to nitrile oxides. The latter may be trapped in situ with olefins in a bimolecular or an intramolecular mode. The new method enables the execution of tandem oxidative dearomatization of phenols/intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition sequences leading to useful synthetic intermediates.
JoinIT-a knowledge trading development for the 21st century (2003)

TWI is a world-leading research and consultancy organization in the field of joining and allied technologies and has being developing knowledge trading concepts since 1995 in order to test and refine new mechanisms for the delivery of information and knowledge to its client base. Work carried out has involved association with a major center of telecommunications expertise and the development of an experimental knowledge-trading platform. The developments presented aim to collect and visualize data, information and knowledge in the fields of joining and allied technologies via an Internet platform for consumption by users in all industry sectors, with a range of security requirements. The key features of the experimental knowledge trading product ("JoinIT") product are: ability to deliver both information and knowledge in the form of expertise over the whole range of TWI's activity: joining, design, structural integrity, materials, equipment, quality, certification and training; and fulfilling the requirements of the "data hit" concept (right information, right user, right time, right cost and right context).
Dependence of oxygen redistribution on titanium film thickness during titanium silicide formation by rapid thermal annealing (1989)

Silicidation of titanium (Ti) thin films sputter-deposited onto (100) oriented single-crystal silicon (Si) was performed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at temperatures of 500–800 °C. Auger depth profiling shows that, when exposed to air, the Ti films take in oxygen atoms independently of Ti thickness. During RTA the oxygen tends to be redistributed uniformly throughout the Ti film near the onset of silicide formation. As silicide formation progresses, the redistributed oxygen is expelled by the advancing silicide front. For 50 nm Ti thickness, the oxygen driven from the TiSi2 is confined at the surface of Ti film and the silicide growth is almost stopped even though there remains unreacted Ti. For 100 and 200 nm Ti thicknesses, before the oxygen driven from the TiSi2 is confined at the surface a second silicide layer starts growing at the surface. The oxygen driven from the both silicides is buried where the two silicide fronts meet. The depth of the buried oxygen peak was found to be dependent on the annealing temperature and on the Ti thickness: The peak tends to penetrate deeper for higher temperatures and for thicker Ti films. Also, it was found that amorphous silicon (a-Si), which is sputter-deposited sequentially on Ti film without breaking the vacuum, is quite effective in forming oxygen free and homogeneous TiSi2 by preventing oxygen infiltration into Ti film.
LASER ACTION IN SINGLY IONIZED Ge, Sn, Pb, In, Cd AND Zn (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation W. T. Silfvast, G. R. Fowles, B. D. Hopkins; LASER ACTION IN SINGLY IONIZED Ge, Sn, Pb, In, Cd AND Zn. Appl. Phys. Lett. 15 June 1966; 8 (12): 318–319. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754456 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
On the mechanism of intestinal absorption of drugs. (1959)

The intestinal absorption of acidic drugs is decreased severalfold and the absorption of basic drugs increased severalfold when the pH of the intestinal contents is raised from 4 to 8. This supports the hypothesis that the intestinal mucosa preferentially allows the absorption of the unionized form of a drug. Significant steady state concentration gradients of drugs are maintained between the gut lumen and plasma. Bases are concentrated within the gut lumen and acids are concentrated in plasma. These concentration ratios can be attributed to a slightly acidic environment at the intestinalblood barrier. There is a sufficient association between absorption of drugs and the lipid: water partition coefficients of their unionized moieties to justify the continued assumption that the gastrointestinal cell membranes are essentially lipoidal. Highly lipid-soluble drugs are in general rapidly absorbed while decidedly lipid-insoluble drugs are in general poorly absorbed.
Group‐contribution estimation of activity coefficients in nonideal liquid mixtures (1975)

Abstract A group‐contribution method is presented for the prediction of activity coefficients in nonelectrolyte liquid mixtures. The method combines the solution‐of‐functional‐groups concept with a model for activity coefficients based on an extension of the quasi chemical theory of liquid mixtures (UNIQUAC). The resulting UNIFAC model ( UNI QUAC F unctional‐group A ctivity C oefficients) contains two adjustable parameters per pair of functional groups. By using group‐interaction parameters obtained from data reduction, activity coefficients in a large number of binary and multicomponent mixtures may be predicted, often with good accuracy. This is demonstrated for mixtures containing water, hydrocarbons, alcohols, chlorides, nitriles, ketones, amines, and other organic fluids in the temperature range 275° to 400°K.
Osimertinib With Ramucirumab in EGFR-mutated, T790M-positive Patients With Progression During EGFR-TKI Therapy: Phase Ib Study (2018)

The aim of the present single-arm, phase Ib study is to assess the tolerability of osimertinib combined with ramucirumab in patients with EGFR-mutated, T790M<sup>+</sup> lung cancer with progression during EGFR-TKI therapy. The primary endpoint is to assess the safety of osimertinib plus ramucirumab at a fixed dose. The secondary endpoints are the overall response rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. Six patients will be enrolled in the trial.
[Maintenance treatment for opiate dependence at a naltrexone clinic]. (1991)

The outcomes of a maintenance treatment with Naltrexone (350 mg/week) are examined in a sample of 50 patients with withdrawal symptoms to opioid dependency. The therapeutic program did not include specific type of rehabilitation. Patients were instructed to keep a quiet life, restful and exercise-free. The treatment was followed in an outpatient facility, after an initial inpatient treatment, in a setting similar to patients own environment. The average attendance rate was of 6.36 months. Six months after the onset of the treatment, 46% of the patients still remained drug-free. A follow-up study found that, overall, the naltrexone treatment caused an increase in alcohol consumption whereas there was a noticeable decrease in cocaine use. This pattern continued even months after the treatment had concluded. Results yielded in the fenfluramine stimulation test showed a high basal level of stress in drug addicts (as assessed by their basal secretion of cortisol). On the contrary, they failed to respond to external straining stimuli to an equal extent as the control group.
Demonstration of bicontinuous structures in microemulsions using automatic‐mode NMR (self‐)diffusion measurements (1992)

Abstract The specifications of an NMR instrument dedicated to frequency‐resolved automated Fourier transform pulsed‐field‐gradient proton NMR measurements are reported. In order to be able also to monitor accurately the slow diffusion of surfactant aggregates and polymers in automatic mode, an option for matching of the gradient pulses was developed and implemented. In a first application, the spectrometer was used to carry out NMR (self‐) diffusion measurements of microemulsions of the surfactant sodium p‐(7‐tetradecyl)benzenesulphonate in benzene and water. They indicate drastic changes in the morphology of the aggregates in the microemulsion on increasing the surfactant concentration. The aggregate morphology changes from a bicontinuous structure to hard, noninteracting spheres by increasing the surfactant concentration in the microemulsion. The bicontinuous structure, i.e. a solution which is continuous in both water and oil, is the result of a strong interaction between the microemulsion droplets (‘percolation phenomenon’). It appears that the water molecules inside the microemulsion droplets with the hard sphere character exchange rapidly, on the (NMR) time scale of 10–100 ms, with water which is dissolved in the benzene. The droplets have an apparent diameter of 56 Å.
Behaviour Genetics of Nest Cleaning in Honeybees. III. Effect of Age of Bees of a Resistant Line on Their Response to Disease-Killed Brood (1964)

SUMMARYAdult bees of known ages from a disease-resistant line were tested for their behavioural response towards larvae infected with American foul brood. Eighteen colonies, each composed of adult bees of the same age to within 4 days, were tested one or more times when the bees were 4–68 days old. Results of two summers' work provide a basis for the hypothesis that colonies composed of young resistant bees will remove all or nearly all larvae killed by foul brood regardless of nectar flow conditions, whereas colonies of the same resistant line made up of bees older than about 4 weeks remove the larvae only during a nectar flow.
Profiling-based L1 data cache bypassing to improve GPU performance and energy efficiency (2015)

While caches have been studied extensively in the context of CPUs, it remains largely unknown how to exploit caches efficiently to benefit GPGPU programs due to the distinct characteristics of CPU and GPU architectures. In this work, we analyze the memory access patterns of GPGPU applications and propose a cost-effective profiling-based method to identify the data accesses that should bypass the L1 data cache to improve performance and energy efficiency. The experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the performance by 13.8% and reduce the energy consumption by about 6% on average.
Widely tunable 3.4-&#x003BC;m-band wavelength converter using apodized &#x003C7;<sup>(2)</sup> grating (2006)

We achieved apodization in a quasi-phase-matched wavelength converter. The new design provides an increased bandwidth and a flat phase-matching response with high conversion efficiency. We demonstrate widely tunable 3.4-μm-band difference frequency generation in a LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> waveguide device.
Electric Vehicle Technology (1982)

This guide to the design and development of electric and hybrid vehicles defines and describes EV and hybrid drivetrains and their major components. It provides analytical and computer methods for analyzing, specifying, and designing such components as batteries, motors, electronic controllers and transmissions. It discusses energy and efficiency characteristics of EVs and compares EVs with other types of vehicles. It examines safety issues, initial and operating costs, structural considerations, and battery charging and maintenance. Technical aspects of the problems and limitations of EVs are explored.
Memorist: a diffused CMOS SRAM compiler for gate array applications (2002)

A flexible SRAM compiler has been developed to generate high speed, high density, synchronous CMOS memories. The fully diffused single and dual port designs allow for a high level of memory integration into a gate array environment targeted for system solutions. The compiler provides for accurate multi-level timing characterization and is tightly integrated into an ASIC development system. A 4-die test-chip cluster has been developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of UPS using new type of circuits (2002)

Using a half-bridge converter and a half-bridge inverter respectively in the AC/DC conversion section and the DC/AC conversion section of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) makes it possible to omit the isolating transformer and render the UPS both more efficient and smaller. But as using such a circuit necessitates storage batteries of very high voltage, it is in particular not suitable as a type of circuit for small-capacity UPSs of the 1 to 3 kVA class. We therefore conceived two techniques in order to lower necessary storage battery voltage: one that uses a bidirectional chopper, and one that uses an auxiliary, inverter. We incorporated these techniques into a 3 kVA UPS and a 1 kVA UPS respectively, allowing us to develop small, high-performance UPSs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of Diacetyl Negative Mutants of Streptococcus diacetilactis (1970)

A procedure for the nmtation of lactic streptococci with ~-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was used to isolate nondiacetyl producing mutants of Streptococcus c~iaceti-lact~s. The mutants produced an average of 40% more lactic acid than parent strains; acetaldehyde production varied from quantities equal to the wild type to less than one-third the amount produced by the parents. The mutants possessed a citrate transport system catalyzing the accumulation of citrate at a rate which diminished with time. The diacetyl negative mutants retained inhibitory powers against food spoilage bacteria similar to their respective parents.
Materials Characterization Using Surface Acoustic Wave Devices (1991)

Abstract Thin film materials are currently used in a wide variety of industrial applications. For example, thin films are used as protective or passivating layers to prevent corrosion and increase lifetime, as conductive and photoactive (e.g., photoresists) layers in the preparation of electronic components and integrated circuits, and as selectively permeable layers for use in gas separations. These thin film materials can be formed by a wide variety of processes, including spraying, spin-coating, dipcoating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), evaporation, and sputtering. The applications of thin film technology continue to expand due to the ability to decrease cost and increase performance using thin film materials whose properties have been tailored to meet the specifications of the application.
Copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene with in-situ supported Et[Ind]2ZrCl2 (1999)

Copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene was carried out with different catalysts (homogeneous Et[Ind]2ZrCl2, supported Et[Ind]2ZrCl2 and in-situ supported Et[Ind]2ZrCl2). The novel in-situ supported metallocene catalyst showed higher activity than the corresponding supported metallocene catalyst. 13C NMR, gel permeation chromatography and crystallization analysis fractionation studies showed that the microstructure of ethylene/1-hexene copolymers depends upon catalyst type. At the same polymerization conditions, the relative reactivity of 1-hexene increases in the following order: supported metallocene ≈ in-situ supported metallocene < homogeneous metallocene. The molecular weights of the produced copolymers with the three different catalysts are similar, but the molecular weight distribution of the copolymer made with the in-situ supported metallocene is broader than that of those made with the other catalysts. The short chain branching distribution (SCBD) of the copolymer produced with the in-situ supported metallocene catalyst is the broadest with a shoulder in the high crystallinity range, while the copolymers produced with the homogeneous and supported metallocene catalysts show unimodal SCBD. This may indicate that there are at least two different active species with the in-situ supported metallocene catalyst in the copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene.
[Antimycotic drugs. 5th Communication: carbocyclically and heterocyclically substituted trifluoromethylpyrimidines (author's transl)]. (1978)

In view of the role that methoxy and methylthio groups play in antimycotic drugs, 2-methoxy- and 2-methylthio-trifluoromethylpyrimidines (3a-h) have been developed by condensation of O-methylisourea (1a) or S-methylisothiourea (1b), respectively, with beta-diketones (2a-d). Opposed to this course, the reaction of 1b with 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-6-(2-thienyl)-4,6-hexanedione (4) fails to lead to ring closure but rather yields 4,4,5,5,6,6,6-heptafluoro-3-(2-methyl-1-thioureido)-1-(2-thienyl)-1-hexen-1,3-diol (5).
Automatic facial feature detection and location (2002)

A method to automatically detect and locate human face features (eyes and mouth) in a 2D gray level image is presented. The method uses a genetic algorithm (GA) and an invariant description of the facial features to accomplish the task. The descriptors used are the well known first four translation, rotation, and scale moment invariants proposed by Hu (1962). In a first step, an image possibly containing a face or a set of faces is first divided into small cells of fixed size. For each cell, the ordinary moments are next computed. From these quantities, the corresponding Hu's invariants are then derived. Human face feature detection and location is thus accomplished by grouping individual cells using a genetic algorithm by fitting a specific cost function. The cost function corresponds to the invariant description of a specified face feature (eye or mouth) given in terms of the corresponding gray level values.
Kubernetes: Up and Running: Dive into the Future of Infrastructure (2017)

Legend has it that Google deploys over two billion application containers a week. Hows that possible? Google revealed the secret through a project called Kubernetes, an open source cluster orchestrator (based on its internal Borg system) that radically simplifies the task of building, deploying, and maintaining scalable distributed systems in the cloud. This practical guide shows you how Kubernetes and container technology can help you achieve new levels of velocity, agility, reliability, and efficiency. Authors Kelsey Hightower, Brendan Burns, and Joe Bedawhove worked on Kubernetes at Google and other organizatons explain how this system fits into the lifecycle of a distributed application. You will learn how to use tools and APIs to automate scalable distributed systems, whether it is for online services, machine-learning applications, or a cluster of Raspberry Pi computers. Explore the distributed system challenges that Kubernetes addresses Dive into containerized application development, using containers such as Docker Create and run containers on Kubernetes, using the docker image format and container runtime Explore specialized objects essential for running applications in production Reliably roll out new software versions without downtime or errors Get examples of how to develop and deploy real-world applications in Kubernetes
Modification of cardiac function by synchronized oscillating acceleration (1979)

The sensitivity of selected cardiovascular (CV) responses to the physical stressor of External whole-body oscillating Acceleration Synchronized with the Electrocardiogram (EASE) was analyzed in 8 chronically instrumented tranquilized dogs. A sinusoidal acceleration wave form was imposed on the supine animals along the spinal (+/- Gz) axis at a constant amplitude of +/- 0.75 G, and a frequency equal to the paced-heart frequency (2--3 Hz). When the peak force was positive in early systole, and negative in early diastole, changes in myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2, + 8%), mean coronary flow (MCF, + 8%), stroke volume (SV, + 15%), cardiac work (CW, + 19%) and the time derivative of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt, + 18%) were minimal in comparison to nonoscillatory control values. When the peak force was positive in early diastole and negative in late diastole and early systole, changes in MVo2 (+ 41%), MCF (+ 39%), SV (+ 33%), CW (+ 50%), and dP/dt (+ 31%) were maximal. Thus the capability of EASE to produce a range of desired sustained CV responses provides a basis for its potential diagnostic/therapeutic applications.
Contaminant Robust Water Extraction from Lunar and Martian Soil for In Situ Resource Utilization - System Architecture Development (2012)

In-situ resource utilization for deep space exploration provides a means for explorers of other planets and celestial bodies to survive given the limited resources that a spacecraft and manned mission can provide for a crew. Water is a critical resource for any extended duration manned mission. The ability to generate propellants and life support consumables from available water and other in-situ resources is vital to any mission success. However, many of the water sources on extraterrestrial surfaces are contaminated with compounds damaging to downstream processing equipment such as hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. A water clean-up system is key to the implementation of water extraction from planetary sources. An ionomer-membrane based Contaminant Robust In-situ Water Extractor (CRIWE) is currently being developed to clean water for in-situ processing. Various system architectures employing CRIWE technology for both Lunar and Martian environments are explored in the context of water electrolysis. One architecture compatible with a NASA ISRU soil reactor/oxygen production system is selected for further development and will be shown as a reference to future test results expected to be shown in future publications.
3D source localization in the spherical harmonic domain using a pseudointensity vector (2010)

The problem of acoustic source localization is important in many acoustic signal processing applications, such as dis-tant speech acquisition and automated camera steering. In noisy and reverberant environments, the source localization problem becomes challenging and many existing algorithms deteriorate. Three-dimensional source localization presents advantages for certain applications such as beamforming, where we can steer a beam to both the desired azimuth and the desired elevation. In this paper, we present an acoustic source localization method with low computational complex-ity which, instead of using individual microphone signals, combines them to form eigenbeams. We then use the zero-and first-order eigenbeams to compute a pseudointensity vec-tor pointing in the direction of the sound source. In an exper-imental study, the proposed method’s localization accuracy is compared with that of a steered response power localiza-tion method, which uses the same eigenbeams. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher localization accuracy. 1.