gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct laser marking on ROM media for identification (2003)

In order to attempt the direct laser marking for ROM media like a compact disk for identification, various laser heating was carried out against a thin metallic film in the transparent medium. As heat sources for the processing, a semiconductor laser excitation YAG laser (532 nm wavelength of second harmonic, max 150 mW), semiconductor lasers (780 nm, up to 2 W), and an Ar ion laser (514.5 nm, max 2000 mW), etc. were used. The media under consideration on laser marking is an aluminum thin film reflector layer, which was sandwiched between a polycarbonate (PC) of 1.2 mm and a protection film of 5 μm thickness. The aluminum thin film (Al) is 100 nm in thickness. The obtained laser marking sizes were less than 1 μm and were evaluated using SEM and AFM. The observation samples inside a transparency resin were obtained by tearing off a protection film, and the surfaces of the bared PC and protection film were examined. The surface conditions and cross sections of laser-marking area were observed. It seems that the heated aluminum thin film were melted and a hole arose. Then a cavity was not observed from SEM cross-section observation in the marking area. It became clear that the holes were filled with PC by SEM and AFM observation. These results indicate the possibility of heat localization at the Al-PC interface and also significant heat penetration into the PC substrate itself.
Study on the Therapeutic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparation Suanzaoren Decoction (2006)

Methodology for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and quality control indices of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparation Suanzaoren decoction was developed. Combination of Suanzaoren decoction was designed and sixteen groups were obtained. Effects on frequency of spontaneous motion, sleeping number and sleeping duration in mice were studied with sixteen combinations of Suanzaoren decoction to get the pharmacological data. RP-HPLC method was developed to analyze the chromatographic profiles of natural components in all combinations. Areas (corrected by weighting amounts) of chromatographic peaks were collected as chemical data. The pharmacological and chemical data were correlated by chemical statistical methods, and then the therapeutic material basis (thirteen chemical constituents with sedative and hypnotic effects among forty-eight chromatographic peaks) of Suanzaoren decoction were elucidated. Spinosin from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, ferulic acid from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, mangiferin from Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and glycyrrhizic acid from Radix Glycyrrhizae were selected as quality control indices. This paper provided a new methodology for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and quality control indices for T.C.M. It is instructive for modernization of Chinese herbs and its compound preparations.
Acetylene-Functionalized Lithium Initiators for Anionic Polymerization. Powerful Precursors for “Click” Chemistry (2011)

Two novel anionic acetylene-functionalized initiators, 5-trimethylsilyl-4-pentynyllithium (TMSPLi) and 5-triethylsilyl-4-pentynyllithium (TESPLi), were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and GC-MS. TMSPLi was successfully used for the polymerization of styrene, but not for the polymerization of isoprene and butadiene. On the other hand, TESPLi exhibited all characteristics of an anionic initiator for the (co)polymerization of styrene, isoprene, and butadiene. TESPLi is ideal for the synthesis of living well-defined (co)polymers with acetylene end groups, perfect candidates for “click” reactions and at the same time possessing all the potential of living anionic polymerization for the synthesis of well-defined complex macromolecular architectures.
[Experimentally induced bleomycin pulmonary toxicity--comparison of the systemic (intraperitoneal) and local (intratracheal) administration]. (1983)

Effect of two methods of the systemic (intraperitoneal) administration and the local (intratracheal) instillation in small animal species for the evaluation of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis were compared. The grade of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis was different among age, species and strains of animals. This was more distinct in the intraperitoneal administration than in the intratracheal instillation. That is, BLM pulmonary fibrosis was severer in 15 and 30 weeks old ICR mice than in 4 weeks old young mice and also severer in the 15 weeks old ICR mice than in 15 weeks old Wistar rats and Hartley guinea pigs. In strains of mice, ICR and C3H mice were suffered from severer BLM pulmonary fibrosis than C57BL/6, BALB/c and DBA/2 mice. Most of BLM analogs produced pulmonary fibrosis to the same extent between the both methods, but three analogs (A5, B2 and BAPP) produced severe pulmonary fibrosis by intratracheal instillation compared to intraperitoneal administration. Furthermore, the pulmonary fibrosis in the intraperitoneal administration group often occurred in widespread subpleural region and that of the intratracheal group instillation group occurred in localized bronchoalveolar region. These results indicated the difference of pathogenesis of the pulmonary fibrosis between the both methods.
Dehydrogenation of propan-2-ol on zinc oxide powders as a structure-insensitive reaction (1982)

The dehydrogenation of propan-2-ol over zinc oxides has been studied in the 473–548 K temperature range. These oxides show oriented textures. At low temperatures and conversions (α < 6–7%), the reaction was zero order in alcohol pressure. The activity per unit area increased by a factor of four with respect to the ZnO origin. From crystallographic data and on the assumption that every surface zinc ion is an active centre, the turnover frequency has been calculated. The essentially constant value obtained shows that the dehydrogenation of propan-2-ol over zinc oxides must be considered as a structure-insensitive reaction. Furthermore, the turnover frequency is of the same order of magnitude as that observed for the dehydrogenation of butan-2-ol on supported-copper catalysts.
Improving the prediction of organism-level toxicity through integration of chemical, protein target and cytotoxicity qHTS data (2016)

Prediction of compound toxicity is essential because covering the vast chemical space requiring safety assessment using traditional experimentally-based, resource-intensive techniques is impossible. However, such prediction is nontrivial due to the complex causal relationship between compound structure and <i>in vivo</i> harm. Protein target annotations and <i>in vitro</i> experimental outcomes encode relevant bioactivity information complementary to chemicals' structures. This work tests the hypothesis that utilizing three complementary types of data will afford predictive models that outperform traditional models built using fewer data types. A tripartite, heterogeneous descriptor set for 367 compounds was comprised of (a) chemical descriptors, (b) protein target descriptors generated using an algorithm trained on 190 000 ligand-protein interactions from ChEMBL, and (c) descriptors derived from <i>in vitro</i> cell cytotoxicity dose-response data from a panel of human cell lines. 100 random forests classification models for predicting rat LD<sub>50</sub> were built using every combination of descriptors. Successive integration of data types improved predictive performance; models built using the full dataset had an average external correct classification rate of 0.82, compared to 0.73-0.80 for models built using two data types and 0.67-0.78 for models built using one. Pairwise comparisons of models trained on the same data showed that including a third data domain on top of chemistry improved average correct classification rate by 1.4-2.4 points, with <i>p</i>-values <0.01. Additionally, the approach enhanced the models' applicability domains and proved useful for generating novel mechanism hypotheses. The use of tripartite heterogeneous bioactivity datasets is a useful technique for improving toxicity prediction. Both protein target descriptors - which have the practical value of being derived <i>in silico</i> - and cytotoxicity descriptors derived from experiment are suitable contributors to such datasets.
A Constructive Analysis of Convex-Valued Demand Correspondence for Weakly Uniformly Rotund and Monotonic Preference (2011)

Bridges (1992) has constructively shown the existence of continuous demand function for consumers with continuous, uniformly rotund preference relations. We extend this result to the case of multivalued demand correspondence. We consider a weakly uniformly rotund and monotonic preference relation and will show the existence of convex-valued demand correspondence with closed graph for consumers with continuous, weakly uniformly rotund and monotonic preference relations. We follow the Bishop style constructive mathematics according to Bishop and Bridges (1985), Bridges and Richman (1987), and Bridges and Vîţă (2006).
Molecular Imaging with Nucleic Acid Aptamers (2011)

With many desirable properties such as ease of synthesis, small size, lack of immunogenicity, and versatile chemistry, aptamers represent a class of targeting ligands that possess tremendous potential in molecular imaging applications. Non-invasive imaging of various disease markers with aptamer-based probes has many potential clinical applications such as lesion detection, patient stratification, treatment monitoring, etc. In this review, we will summarize the current status of molecular imaging with aptamer-based probes. First, fluorescence imaging will be described which include both direct targeting and activatable probes. Next, we discuss molecular magnetic resonance imaging and targeted ultrasound investigations using aptamer-based agents. Radionuclide-based imaging techniques (single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography) will be summarized as well. In addition, aptamers have also been labeled with various tags for computed tomography, surface plasmon resonance, dark-field light scattering microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy imaging. Among all molecular imaging modalities, no single modality is perfect and sufficient to obtain all the necessary information for a particular question. Thus, a multimodality probe has also been constructed for concurrent fluorescence, gamma camera, and magnetic resonance imaging in vivo. Although the future of aptamer-based molecular imaging is becoming increasingly bright and many proof-of-principle studies have already been reported, much future effort needs to be directed towards the development of clinically translatable aptamer-based imaging agents which will eventually benefit patients.
Export Marketing — A New Form of Management Training and Development (1986)

The aim of this article is to describe the development, launch, implementation and evaluation of a pilot training and development programme designed to improve the export marketing performance of smaller and medium‐sized concerns. The Management Extension Programme — Exports (MEX) was conceived by staff at Durham University Business School as part of their remit to the Manpower Services Commission to initiate new programmes based on the Management Extension approach. The idea of providing growing organisations with extra management resources has been tried and tested in a number of UK universities with Manpower Services Commission support.
Cdk7 Is Required for Activity-Dependent Neuronal Gene Expression, Long-Lasting Synaptic Plasticity and Long-Term Memory (2017)

In the brain, <i>de novo</i> gene expression driven by learning-associated neuronal activities is critical for the formation of long-term memories. However, the signaling machinery mediating neuronal activity-induced gene expression, especially the rapid transcription of immediate-early genes (IEGs) remains unclear. Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have been firmly established as key regulators of transcription processes underling coordinated cell cycle entry and sequential progression in nearly all types of proliferative cells. Cdk7 is a subunit of transcriptional initiation factor II-H (TFIIH) and the only known Cdk-activating kinase (CAK) in metazoans. Recent studies using a novel Cdk7 specific covalent inhibitor, THZ1, revealed important roles of Cdk7 in transcription regulation in cancer cells. However, whether Cdk7 plays a role in the regulation of transcription in neurons remains unknown. In this study, we present evidence demonstrating that, in post-mitotic neurons, Cdk7 activity is positively correlated with neuronal activities in cultured primary neurons, acute hippocampal slices and in the brain. Cdk7 inhibition by THZ1 significantly suppressed mRNA levels of IEGs, selectively impaired long-lasting synaptic plasticity induced by 4 trains of high frequency stimulation (HFS) and prevented the formation of long-term memories.
Increase in Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Through Apoptosis-induction on HL-60 of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas Lam. cv. Koganesengan) by Sub-critical Water Treatment (2005)

[Objective] The objective is to examine the effectiveness of heating process of sweet potato with sub-critical water to produce more antioxidant activity and cytotoxic and apoptosis induction activities on human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.[Methods and Results] Sweet potato steamed at 95°C was treated with sub-critical water at 200, 230, 250, 275 and 300°C, and the extracts, referred to as A, B, C, D and E, respectively, were obtained. The antioxidant activity was low in the steamed potato (extract S). After heating by the sub-critical water treatment, the extracts showed a markedly strong antioxidant activity and high amount of phenolic content. The antioxidant activity was in the order, E,D>>C>B>A and showed a good relationship with the amounts of phenolic content (r=0.95). The extracts showed a strong cytotoxic effect on HL-60 cells in the order, E,D>>C>B>A. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of the extracts A and B was found to be mediated through apoptosis induction on this cell.[Conclusion] Sub-critical water treatment of sweet potato greatly promoted its antioxidant activity, cytotoxic and apoptosis induction activities on HL-60, demonstrating that this new technique could be a promising approach to promote functionality of foods.
THROWS : an architecture for highly available distributed execution of web services compositions (2004)

Web services emergence has triggered extensive research efforts. Currently, there is a trend towards deploying business processes as an orchestration of Web services compositions. Given that Web services are inherently loosely-coupled and are primarily built independently, they are most likely to have characteristics (e.g., transaction support, failure recovery, access policies) that might not be compliant with each other. It follows that guaranteeing the reliability and availability of the obtained Web services compositions is a challenging issue. Aligned with this tendency, we focus on the availability and reliability of Web services compositions. Specifically, in this paper, we propose THROWS, an architecture for highly available distributed execution of Web services compositions. In THROWS architecture, the execution control is hierarchically delegated among dynamically discovered engines. The progress of the compositions execution by several distributed engines is continuously captured. Moreover, the Web services compositions executed through the architecture we propose are previously specified as an hierarchy of arbitrary-nested transactions. These transactions execution is provided with retrial and compensation mechanisms which allow the highly available Web services compositions execution.
Inversion of polynomial matrices by interpolation (1992)

Known polynomial interpolation methods to polynomial matrices are generalized to obtain new algorithms for the computation of the inverse of such matrices. The algorithms use numerically stabilizable manipulations of constant matrices. Among the three methods investigated Lagrange's interpolation seems especially suitable for the purpose.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conformational Changes in the A3 Domain of von Willebrand Factor Modulate the Interaction of the A1 Domain With Platelet Glycoprotein Ib (1999)

Bitiscetin has recently been shown to induce von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent aggregation of fixed platelets (Hamako J, et al, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 226:273, 1996). We have purified bitiscetin from Bitis arietans venom and investigated the mechanism whereby it promotes a form of vWF that is reactive with platelets. In the presence of bitiscetin, vWF binds to platelets in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. The binding of vWF to platelets involves glycoprotein (GP) Ib because it was totally blocked by monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 6D1 directed towards the vWF-binding site of GPIb. The binding also involves the GPIb-binding site of vWF located on the A1 domain because it was inhibited by MoAb to vWF whose epitopes are within this domain and that block binding of vWF to platelets induced by ristocetin or botrocetin. However, in contrast to ristocetin or botrocetin, the binding site of bitiscetin does not reside within the A1 domain but within the A3 domain of vWF. Thus, among a series of vWF fragments, 125I-bitiscetin only binds to those that overlap the A3 domain, ie, SpIII (amino acid [aa] 1-1365), SpI (aa 911-1365), and rvWF-A3 domain (aa 920-1111). It does not bind to SpII corresponding to the C-terminal part of vWF subunit (aa 1366-2050) nor to the 39/34/kD dispase species (aa 480-718) or T116 (aa 449-728) overlapping the A1 domain. In addition, bitiscetin that does not bind to DeltaA3-rvWF (deleted between aa 910-1113) has no binding site ouside the A3 domain. The localization of the binding site of bitiscetin within the A3 domain was further supported by showing that MoAb to vWF, which are specific for this domain and block the interaction between vWF and collagen, are potent inhibitors of the binding of bitiscetin to vWF and consequently of the bitiscetin-induced binding of vWF to platelets. Thus, our data support the hypothesis that an interaction between the A1 and A3 domains exists that may play a role in the function of vWF by regulating the ability of the A1 domain to bind to platelet GPIb.
Broadband bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber lasers (2004)

A Bismuth Oxide-based Erbium-doped fiber (Bi-EDF) is a promising optical amplifier because it exhibits broad gain bandwidth and high gain in a very short device length. In this paper, broadband Bismuth Oxide-based Erbium-doped fiber lasers (Bi-EDFLs) are reviewed including a wavelength tunable L-band passively mode-locked Bi-EDFL and a C- and L-band continuously tunable single frequency Bi-EDFL.
대두 품종에 따른 메주가공 적성 연구 - 제 1 보 . 대두 품종별 원료 특성 및 침지 , 증자 특성 - (2000)

대두의 품종별 백립중은 12.1∼27.1 범위로 새알이 가장 무거웠고 광안이 가장 가벼운 것으로 조사되었다. 대두 무게에 대한 종피의 무게비율은 신팔달콩 2호가 9.40%로 가장 높았고, 장엽이 6.13%로 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났으나 품종간에 차이를 보였다. 조단백질은 평균 41.7%로 39.0∼48.5% 범위의 품종간 차이를 보였으며 단백이 48.5%로 가장 높은 함량을, 장엽이 39%로 가장 낮았다. 지질은 평균 19.7%로 17∼22% 범위였으며, 무한, 태광 등이 22%로 가장 높았고 단백, 광안이 17%로 가장 낮았다. 특히 단백질 함량이 높은 단백콩과 광안콩이 높은 지질함량을 보였는데, 전반적으로 단백질 함량이 높은 품종들이 낮은 지질함량을 나타내고 단백질함량이 낮은 품종들이 높은 지질함량을 보였다. 수분흡수율은 235.9∼202.82%범위로 평균 218.4%였으며, 보광이 235.9%로 가장 높았고 단경이 202.8%로 가장 적었다. 수침 후 경도는 평균 1.404kg/3.14mm^2로 0.890∼2.593kg/3.14mm^2의 범위였는데 새알이 0.890kg/3.14mm^2로 가장 높은 경도를, 진품이 2.593kg/3.14mm^2로 가장 낮은 경도를 보였다. 한편 수분흡수율과 수침시간과의 상관관계를 검토한 결과, 보광, 광안, 황금 등 전 품종에서 R_2=0.94∼0.99의 범의로 고도의 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내어 수분흡수율이 높을수록 수침경도는 작아지는 것으로 조사되었으며 진품의 수침경도는 2.593kg/3.14mm^2로 가장 높았다. 한편 대두의 가열 후 경도는 0.066∼0.475kg/3.14mm^2의 범위로 평균 경도는 0.153kg/3.14mm^2였고, 단원이 0.066kg/3.14mm^2로 가장 낮았다.
Rapid detection of α‐thalassaemia deletions and α‐globin gene triplication by multiplex polymerase chain reactions (2000)

We describe a sensitive, reliable and reproducible method, based on three multiplex PCR assays, for the rapid detection of seven common alpha-thalassaemia deletions and one alpha-globin gene triplication. The new assay detects the alpha0 deletions - -SEA, - (alpha)20.5, - -MED, - -FIL and - -THAI in the first multiplex PCR, the second multiplex detects the -alpha3.7 deletion and alphaalphaalphaanti3.7 variant, the third multiplex detects the -alpha4.2 deletion. This simple multiplex method should greatly facilitate the genetic screening and molecular diagnosis of these determinants in populations where alpha-thalassaemias are prevalent.
β-Galactosidase treatment is a common first-stage modification of the three major subtypes of Gc protein to GcMAF. (2012)

We demonstrate that preGc(1s1s)MAF and preGc₂₂MAF proteins can be used as effective macrophage activators.
<b>The Elbs Peroxydisulfate Oxidation: Kinetics</b> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Elbs Peroxydisulfate Oxidation: KineticsE. J. Behrman and Pamela P. WalkerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1962, 84, 18, 3454–3457Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00877a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00877a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts