gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolism of sulfoconjugated thyroid hormone derivatives in developing sheep (1994)

Although the production of thyroxine (T4) in the developing ovine fetus ranges from 20 to 50 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, production rates for 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) average only 1-2 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, whereas reverse T3 (rT3) production rates approach 5-6 micrograms.kg-1.day-1. Thus the fate of the majority of fetal T4 production is uncertain. Recently we have reported significant concentrations of various thyroid hormone sulfoconjugates in serum and other fetal compartments. In the present study, we used steady-state kinetic techniques in developing sheep to establish the clearance and production rates for T4, T3, and rT3 sulfates. These studies confirm that T4, T3, and rT3 sulfate are predominant metabolites of thyroid hormone in the developing ovine fetus. Plasma clearance rates for T3, T4, and rT3 sulfates are low in the fetus, averaging 0.67 +/- 0.07, 1.46 +/- 0.11, and 4.1 +/- 1 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively. Clearance rates for these thyrosulfoconjugates increase two to fourfold postnatally, probably reflecting increased activity of 5'-monodeiodinase after birth. Moreover, fetal production rates for these sulfated thyroid hormone metabolites exceed those of 2-wk-old sheep 4- to 10-fold. The data suggest that a significant route of fetal T4 metabolism is sulfation followed by deiodination to rT3 sulfate.
White Light-Emitting Diodes from Novel Silicon-Based Copolymers Containing Both Electron-Transport Oxadiazole and Hole-Transport Carbazole Moieties in the Main Chain (2002)

Silicon-based alternating copolymers containing both electron-transport oxadiazole and hole-transport carbazole moieties in the main chain (SiHMOXD/Cz 10−01) were synthesized by means of the Heck coupling reaction. The resulting polymers exhibit a strong UV−visible absorption band in the range of 345−356 nm in chloroform solution and in film state. Their PL spectra show a maximum band around 435−485 nm in the blue region. The light-emitting diodes of Al (200 nm)/Ca (50 nm)/EL polymer (80 nm)/PEDOT (50 nm)/ITO were successfully fabricated. And, J−V curves show a turn-on voltage of 6−7 V. Their EL properties depend strongly on both the applied voltage and the loading amount of hole-transport carbazole moieties in the present copolymers. With the applied voltage, these emissive EL bands were red-shifted from blue region to red region. Also, the intensity of a blue EL band at the relatively high operating voltages increases with the loading amount of carbazole units. The LED device with the copolymer of SiHMOXD/Cz 19 exhibits the almost same intensity of two bands, like two crests, giving a strong white color. The blue EL color comes from the carbazole units in these silicon-based copolymers. The latter red EL color comes from a specific charge complex with oxadiazole (and carbazole moieties). The new red band is exhibited only in EL but not in PL spectra. The EL device based on SiHMOXD/Cz 19 has a luminescence efficiency of 0.052 lm/W and a power efficiency of 0.13 cd/A at an applied voltage of 9 V. And, the maximum luminance of the white emissive color was 6.04 cd/m2 at an applied voltage of 17 V. In this paper, from the photophysical studies, a specific intramolecular charge complex was proposed.
Automated Coupling of Nanodroplet Sample Preparation with Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Single-Cell Proteomics (2020)

Single-cell proteomics can provide critical biological insight into the cellular heterogeneity that is masked by bulk-scale analysis. We have developed a nanoPOTS (nanodroplet processing in one pot for trace samples) platform and demonstrated its broad applicability for single-cell proteomics. However, because of nanoliter-scale sample volumes, the nanoPOTS platform is not compatible with automated LC-MS systems, which significantly limits sample throughput and robustness. To address this challenge, we have developed a nanoPOTS autosampler allowing fully automated sample injection from nanowells to LC-MS systems. We also developed a sample drying, extraction, and loading workflow to enable reproducible and reliable sample injection. The sequential analysis of 20 samples containing 10 ng tryptic peptides demonstrated high reproducibility with correlation coefficients of >0.995 between any two samples. The nanoPOTS autosampler can provide analysis throughput of 9.6, 16, and 24 single cells per day using 120, 60, and 30 min LC gradients, respectively. As a demonstration for single-cell proteomics, the autosampler was first applied to profiling protein expression in single MCF10A cells using a label-free approach. At a throughput of 24 single cells per day, an average of 256 proteins was identified from each cell and the number was increased to 731 when the Match Between Runs algorithm of MaxQuant was used. Using a multiplexed isobaric labeling approach (TMT-11plex), ∼77 single cells could be analyzed per day. We analyzed 152 cells from three acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, resulting in a total of 2558 identified proteins with 1465 proteins quantifiable (70% valid values) across the 152 cells. These data showed quantitative single-cell proteomics can cluster cells to distinct groups and reveal functionally distinct differences.
In-Situ Fabrication, Processing And Characterization Of Superconducting Oxide Films (1988)

Surfaces of Y1Ba2Cu3O7 (YBCO) are known to react with H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> in the ambient atmosphere. The in-situ approach to thin film fabrication and characterization in a closed system makes it possible to investigate the near-surface properties of superconducting YBCO films in the absence of such deleterious reactions. We have fabricated and analyzed superconducting, epitaxial YBCO films entirely or partly in-situ. Oxygen partial pressures during deposition ranged from < 10-9 torr to > 3 X 10<sup>-4 </sup>torr and temperatures from 400 to > 650Ã‚Â°C, producing either amorphous or crystalline deposits. We found that annealing of oxygen-deficient amorphous deposits in oxygen caused atomic segregation of Ba and Y to the surface with a corresponding depletion in Cu. This effect made near-surface layers nonsuperconducting even in the absence of H2O or CO<sub>2</sub>. Fast heating to crystallization temperature minimized the segregation. Measurements of dc contact resistance, R , and I-V characteristics in cross-strip junctions of YBCO/Au/Nb and YBCO/Au/MgO/Nb indicated near-zero Rc and weak-link I-V characteristics which proved that the in-situ approach permits one to obtain superconducting YBCO film surfaces. In the case of crystalline film deposition at 650°C, the in-situ electron-diffraction of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> substrates and 40 to 100 Å thick YBCO films revealed epitaxial crystallization only on clean substrates.
FlexiCAD: an architecture for integrated product modeling and manufacture by features (2002)

Feature-based CAD has emerged as a potential solution to the CAD-CAM integration problem. One of the most critical problems in the conversion of conventional 3-D CAD to feature-based CAD is feature extraction in the 3-D domain-a topic of research for the past decade. With feature technology giving rise to other newer fields like rapid prototyping and automated process planning, there is a need to provide solutions to interim industry problems like legacy data. In this paper the authors describe FlexiCAD, an architecture with the following features. (i) It allows designers to model in any one of the several forms of representations (2-D or 3-D wireframe, CSG, etc.) and yet have their design output in the feature based format, (ii) Legacy designs in 2-D can be converted to features. (iii) Feature mapping from design to manufacturing features can be accomplished. The flexible architecture comprises FlexiCAD software that will run concurrently with other conventional CAD systems or feature-based modeling systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inhibin α-Subunit N Terminus Interacts with Activin Type IB Receptor to Disrupt Activin Signaling (2012)

Inhibin is a heterodimeric peptide hormone produced in the ovary that antagonizes activin signaling and FSH synthesis in the pituitary. The inhibin β-subunit interacts with the activin type II receptor (ActRII) to functionally antagonize activin. The inhibin α-subunit mature domain (N terminus) arose relatively early during the evolution of the hormone, and inhibin function is decreased by an antibody directed against the α-subunit N-terminal extension region or by deletion of the N-terminal region. We hypothesized that the α-subunit N-terminal extension region interacts with the activin type I receptor (ALK4) to antagonize activin signaling in the pituitary. Human or chicken free α-subunit inhibited activin signaling in a pituitary gonadotrope-derived cell line (LβT2) in a dose-dependent manner, whereas an N-terminal extension deletion mutant did not. An α-subunit N-terminal peptide, but not a control peptide, was able to inhibit activin A signaling and decrease activin-stimulated FSH synthesis. Biotinylated inhibin A, but not activin A, bound ALK4. Soluble ALK4-ECD bioneutralized human free α-subunit in LβT2 cells, but did not affect activin A function. Competitive binding ELISAs with N-terminal mutants and an N-terminal region peptide confirmed that this region is critical for direct interaction of the α-subunit with ALK4. These data expand our understanding of how endocrine inhibin achieves potent antagonism of local, constitutive activin action in the pituitary, through a combined mechanism of competitive binding of both ActRII and ALK4 by each subunit of the inhibin heterodimer, in conjunction with the co-receptor betaglycan, to block activin receptor-ligand binding, complex assembly, and downstream signaling.
Further evidence that two unique subunits are essential for expression of hydrogenase activity in Rhizobium japonicum (1985)

Eight strains of Rhizobium lacking hydrogenase uptake (Hup) activity and 17 transconjugant strains carrying the hup cosmids pHU1, pHU52, or pHU53 (G. R. Lambert, M. A. Cantrell, F. J. Hanus, S. A. Russell, K. R. Haddad, and H. J. Evans, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82:3232-3236, 1985) were screened for Hup activity and the presence of immunologically detectable hydrogenase polypeptides. Crude extracts of these strains were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis with affinity-purified antibodies against the two subunits of purified hydrogenase (Mr 60,000 and 30,000). Derepressed transconjugants carrying the cosmid pHU52 were Hup+ and contained detectable levels of both hydrogenase subunit polypeptides. Non-derepressed strains, Hup- parent strains, and strains carrying cosmids other than pHU52 did not express Hup activity and contained no immunologically detectable protein. These data provide further evidence for the essential involvement of the smaller (Mr 30,000) subunit in the expression of hydrogenase activity in Rhizobium japonicum and suggest that the determinants for hydrogenase subunit synthesis are present on pHU52.
Towards robust query expansion (2007)

We propose a language-model-based approach for addressing the performance robustness problem -- with respect to free-parameters' values -- of pseudo-feedback-based query-expansion methods. Given a query, we create a set of language models representing different forms of its expansion by varying the parameters' values of some expansion method; then, we select a single model using criteria originally proposed for evaluating the performance of using the original query, or for deciding whether to employ expansion at all. Experimental results show that these criteria are highly effective in selecting relevance language models that are not only significantly more effective than poor performing ones, but that also yield performance that is almost indistinguishable from that of manually optimized relevance models.
Analog readout system with charge division type output (2002)

Charge division readout provides a relatively simple electronic solution for data readout of position sensitive radiation detectors. Conventional charge division usually consists of some charge division media connected to the detector outputs to provide proportional charge division between two division chain outputs. Although offering some advantages such as simplicity and the reduction of the number of analog outputs, it reduces the detector spatial resolution and image quality, because of signal to noise reduction from the attenuation of the signal before reaching the amplifiers. An analog readout system with functionally the same output as common charge division, but without a division chain connected to the detector outputs before signal amplification was designed and evaluated. This readout system operates as a multi-channel analog signal converter which converts signals from multi-channel output position sensitive devices such as multianode PMTs or gamma cameras built of PSPMT arrays etc. to two per coordinate analog outputs with same amplitude correlation as common charge division position readout.
Subpicosecond electrical pulse generation using photoconductive switches with long carrier lifetimes (1989)

Using a new mechanism of electrical pulse generation, we have generated 350 fs (full width at half maximum) electrical pulses on a coplanar transmission line, fabricated on an unimplanted silicon-on-sapphire substrate.
Reliability Models for Double Chipkill Detect/Correct Memory Systems (2013)

Chipkill correct is an advanced type of error correction used in memory subsystems. Existing analytical approaches for modeling the reliability of memory subsystems with chipkill correct are limited to those with chipkill correct solutions that can only guarantee correction of errors in a single DRAM device. However, chipkill correct solutions capable of guaranteeing the detection and even correction of errors in up to two DRAM devices have become common in existing HPC systems. Analytical reliability models are needed for such memory subsystems. This paper proposes analytical models for the reliability of double chipkill detect and/or correct. Validation against Monte Carlo simulations shows that the outputs of our analytical models are within 3.9% of Monte Carlo simulations, on average.
Platycodin D, a bioactive component of <i>Platycodon grandiflorum</i>, induces cancer cell death associated with extreme vacuolation (2019)

Platycodin D (PD) is a major active component of the roots of <i>Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A.DC.</i> and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer activity. The aim of this study was to characterize PD-induced cytoplasmic vacuolation in human cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. PD-induced cancer cell death was associated with cytoplasmic pinocytic and autophagic vacuolation. Cellular energy levels were decreased by this compound, leading to the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Additionally, compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, completely prevented PD-induced vacuolation. These results suggest that PD induces cancer cell death, associated with excessive vacuolation through AMPK activation when cellular energy levels are low. Therefore, our findings provide a mechanistic rationale for a novel combinatorial approach using PD to treat cancer.
Netflow based system for NAT detection (2009)

Revealing the misuse of network resources is one of the important fields in the network security, especially for the network administrators. One of them is the use of unauthorized NAT (Network Address Translation) devices (e.g. small office routers or wireless access points) inside the network which introduces serious security issues. There are several techniques proposed on how to detect NAT devices in the computer networks, but all these methods suffer from high false positive rate. Also there is no study how to perform NAT detection using NetFlow data, often used for monitoring and forensics analysis in large networks. The contribution of our work consists of the following: i) we have transformed existing NAT detection techniques to work with NetFlow data, ii) we propose three new NAT detection approaches, iii) we have designed a prototype of NAT detection system, which aggregates the results from various NAT detection techniques in order to minimize false positive and false negative rates.
Clinical Relevance of <i>KRAS</i> -Mutated Subclones Detected with Picodroplet Digital PCR in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Treated with Anti-EGFR Therapy (2014)

This study suggests that patients with mCRC with KRAS-mutated subclones (at least those with a KRAS-mutated subclones fraction lower or equal to 1%) had a benefit from anti-EGFR therapies.
Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding transcription factor IIB from <i>Arabidopsis</i> and soybean (1996)

Clones containing the complete coding regions for transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) were isolated from cDNA libraries of Arabidopsis and soybean. The predicted protein sequences for TFIIB from these two species are highly homologous and contain the same structural motifs and organization as seen in other eukaryotes and Archaebacteria. Southern and Northern blots and primer extension for Arabidopsis TFIIB indicate a low copy number gene encodes a transcript of 1400 nt with a leader of 180 nt. Phylogeny analysis places the plant proteins into one group nearly equidistant from metazoans, fungi, and Archaebacteria.
Commercial Dengue Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Point-of-Care Application: Recent Evaluations and Future Needs? (2012)

Dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome (DF/DHF/DSS) are tropical diseases that cause significant humanitarian and economic hardship. It is estimated that more than 2.5 billion people are at risk of infection and more than 100 countries have endemic dengue virus transmission. Laboratory tests are essential to provide an accurate diagnosis of dengue virus infection so that appropriate treatment and patient management may be administered. In many dengue endemic settings, laboratory diagnostic resources are limited and simple rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) provide opportunities for point-of-care diagnosis. This paper addresses current issues relating to the application of commercial dengue RDTs for the diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection, recent diagnostic evaluations, and identifies future needs.
Production of protein-bound polysaccharides by solid-state fermentation of Coriolus versicolor (1994)

The possibility of solid-substrate fermentation of Coriolus versicolor for the production of protein-bound polysaccharides(PBP) was studied. Zeolite and orchid-pot soil were used as solid materials for the culture because of the desirable physical properties. Glucose, sucrose and starch showed to be good carbon sources for the production of PBP by the solid-substrate fermantation of C. versicolor. Among the nitrogen sources, bactosoyton and peptone were very effective for the PBP production. The optimum pH for solid-substrate culture for the production of PBP was at the range of 5-6. The yields of PBP reached to 5-6 mg per 100 g solid-substrate.
Collagen IV deposits do not prevent regrowing axons from penetrating the lesion site in spinal cord injury (2000)

Scarring is suggested to impede axon regrowth across the lesion site in the injured adult mammalian central nervous system. Collagen Type IV, as a major component of the scar formed after injury, is an impediment for successful axonal regeneration and a decrease in its amount is a prerequisite for regrowing axons to cross the lesion in the postcommissural fornix in the injured adult rat (Stichel et al. [1999] Neurosci. 93:321-333). The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between collagen IV deposits and regrowing axons at various times after dorsal hemi-section of the adult rat spinal cord. Immunohistochemical double staining revealed that penetrating neurofilament-positive axons and collagen IV deposits were co-localized in the lesion site in the initial stages of axonal sprouting (between 7 and 14 days post-operatively) and were still present 1 and 2 months post-operatively. Interestingly, collagen IV-immunoreactive areas located around cystic cavities formed at the site of injury 1 month post-operatively, were devoid of axons. In conclusion, our observations indicate that collagen IV deposits after spinal cord injury do not prevent neurofilament-positive regrowing axons from penetrating the lesion site.
An efficient and reliable method for cloning PCR-amplification products: a survey of point mutations in integrin cDNA. (1992)

A highly efficient, non-labor-intensive method for cloning DNA fragments produced by PCR amplification was used to carry out a rapid survey of potential point mutations in integrin alpha 6 cDNA from 17 different cell-type sources. The method includes glass powder purification of the PCR reaction mixture, followed by simultaneous treatment with T4 polynucleotide kinase and DNA polymerase I, and another glass powder purification. Sequences from multiple subclones of each cell type were readily generated, aligned and checked for mismatches. Several commonly used alternative procedures were compared for cloning efficiency and size-fidelity of inserted DNA fragments.
Measurement of nasal potential difference in adult cystic fibrosis, Young's syndrome, and bronchiectasis. (1987)

Previous work confirmed the abnormal potential difference between the undersurface of the inferior nasal turbinate and a reference electrode in cystic fibrosis, but the technique is difficult and the results show overlap between the cystic fibrosis and the control populations. In the present study the potential difference from the floor of the nose has therefore been assessed in normal subjects, as well as in adult patients with cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and Young's syndrome. Voltages existing along the floor of the nasal cavity were recorded. The mean potential difference was similar in controls (-18 (SD 5) mv) and in patients with bronchiectasis (-17 (6) mv) and Young's syndrome (-20 (6) mv). The potential difference in cystic fibrosis (-45 (8) mv) was significantly different from controls (p less than 0.002) and there was no overlap between the cystic fibrosis values and values obtained in normal and diseased controls. This simple technique therefore discriminates well between patients with cystic fibrosis and other populations, raising the possibility of its use to assist in diagnosis.
A radial line slot antenna radiating circularly polarized conical beam (2002)

Circularly polarized conical beam antennas have been investigated for application to low G/T mobile satellite communication or low bit rate satellite broadcasting services. It is advantageous on the cost reduction, for there is no need for tracking the satellite because of its horizontally omnidirectional pattern. This paper presents a novel design of a radial line slot antenna (RLSA) to radiate the circularly polarized conical beam. Design parameters for the slot arrangement are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>