gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ovulatory and endocrine responses after active immunization of gilts against a synthetic fragment of bovine inhibin (1993)

The objective of this study was to determine whether neutralizing endogenous inhibin would affect ovulation rate and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta, and progesterone in gilts. At wk 0, during their second postpubertal estrous cycle, gilts (195 +/- 2.4 d of age) were given a primary immunization against the 1-26 gly-tyr NH-terminal amino acid sequence of bovine inhibin-alpha conjugated to human alpha globulin (INH; n = 10) or against human alpha globulin alone (control; n = 10). The primary immunization mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant contained .915 mg of the inhibin peptide. Booster immunizations in Freund's incomplete adjuvant contained .3 and .183 mg of the inhibin peptide and were given at wk 8 and 12, respectively. Free, unconjugated inhibin was given to INH gilts at 16 wk. Blood samples for determination of hormones were collected every 4 h beginning on d 15 of the first estrous cycle beyond wk 16 (first cycle) and continuing until d 5 of the second estrous cycle following wk 16 (second cycle). Ovulation rate was estimated by laparoscopy during the second cycle. Antibody titers were estimated by determining the percentage of [125I]-INH bound by serum diluted 1:4,000. The antibody titers were 17 +/- 2, 22 +/- 3, and 9 +/- 1% at wk 9, 17, and 23 for INH gilts, respectively, and 0% at all times for control gilts. Duration of three consecutive estrous cycles terminating with the first experimental cycle did not differ between treatments (INH, 20.7 +/- .3 vs control, 20.4 +/- .3 d).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
SwimTrain (2016)

We explore design opportunities for using interactive technologies to enrich group fitness exercises, such as group spinning and swimming, in which an instructor guides a workout program and members synchronously perform a shared physical activity. As a case study, we investigate group fitness swimming. The design challenge is to coordinate a large group of people by considering trade-offs between social awareness and information overload. Our resulting group fitness swimming game, SwimTrain, allows a group of people to have localized synchronous interactions over a virtual space. The game uses competitive and cooperative phases to help group members acquire group-wide awareness. The results of our user study showed that SwimTrain provides socially-enriched swimming experiences, motivates swimmers to follow a training regimen and exert more intensely, and allows strategic game play dealing with skill differences among swimmers. Consequently, we propose several practical considerations for designing group fitness exergames.
Interacting with objects in the environment using gaze tracking glasses and speech (2014)

This work explores the combination of gaze and speech to interact with objects in the environment. A head-mounted wireless gaze tracker in the form of gaze tracking glasses is used for mobile monitoring of a subject's point of regard on the surrounding environment. In our proposed system, a mobile subject gazes at an object of interest in the environment which opens an interaction window with the object being gazed upon, and a specific interaction command is then given to the object using speech commands. The gaze tracking glasses were made from low-cost hardware consisting of a safety glasses' frame and wireless eye tracking and scene cameras. An open source gaze estimation algorithm is used for eye tracking and user's gaze estimation. The Windows Speech Recognition engine is used for recognition of voice commands. A visual markers recognition library is used to identify objects in the environment through the scene camera. When combining all these elements, the emerging system permits a subject to move freely in an environment, select the object he wants to interact with using gaze (identification) and transmit a control command to it by uttering a speech command (control).
Structure and Piezoelectric Properties of 0.9 Pb(Zr,Ti)O<sub>3</sub>–0.1 Pb(Mg,Nb)O<sub>3</sub> Films Prepared by Metalorganic Deposition Process (1999)

The 800-nm-thick 0.9 Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 –0.1 Pb(Mg,Nb)O 3 (PZT–PMN) were prepared by metalorganic deposition (MOD) process on Ti/Pt/Ti bottom electrodes. The structure of the films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The piezoelectric properties of the films were characterized by measuring the electrically induced strain using the cantilever method to determine the piezoelectric charge constant ( d 31 ) and by measuring the mechanically induced voltage. The films retain the tetragonal perovskite structure with both [100] and [111] preferred orientations and are made up of columnar grains whose size ranges from 100 nm to 200 nm. The plot of strain versus electrical field shows a hysteresis loop, which reveals that the strain depends on the polarity of the top electrode. The unpoled film is virginally polarized toward the bottom electrode. As a result, d 31 at an electrical field of 170 kV/cm is 190 pC/N for positive polarity and 166 pC/N for negative polarity.
Prolactin responses to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and thyrotropin releasing hormone in chronic renal failure (1991)

Prolactin response to iv bolus injection of 1 micrograms/kg vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was determined in 8 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing chronic hemodialysis and in 8 normal controls, age- and sex-matched. Plasma prolactin in the patients showed a blunted response following vasoactive intestinal polypeptide injection, whereas the controls showed significantly higher mean peak prolactin value over the baseline value (p less than 0.002). The net rise (peak levels minus basal levels) in plasma prolactin and area under the curve after vasoactive active intestinal polypeptide injection in the controls were significantly greater than those in the patients (p less than 0.001). On a separate day, each individual underwent a TRH (500 micrograms) challenge with the prolactin response determined. The patients had significantly higher peak prolactin values over baseline levels (p less than 0.02) which, however, were not significantly different from those in the control group. In the patients, the peak net prolactin increments and area under the curve were significantly higher following TRH than following vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (p less than 0.05). The net prolactin increments to TRH challenge were significantly higher in the control group than in the patients (p less than 0.001). The results demonstrate the blunted prolactin response to the stimulatory effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and TRH in chronic renal failure. In chronic renal failure prolactin release after vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is more blunted than after TRH. These data suggest that the responsiveness of plasma prolactin to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is defective in these patients, though the mechanism(s) are yet to be defined.
Performance and fault management functions for the maintenance of SONET/SDH and ATM transport networks (2002)

Maintenance functions for synchronous optical network/synchronous digital hierarchy (SONET/SDH) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks are described. These functions are: (i) performance management - continuous in-service performance monitoring for proactive warning of performance degradation, and (ii) fault management - detection and location of network trouble and failure. These functions include proposed non-intrusive capabilities for fault analysis and delay monitoring on ATM connections. The functions are described for the hierarchically layered SONET/SDH and ATM transport network architectures. A generic network element (NE) monitoring process is proposed for all hierarchical layers. Emphasis is on the NE functions of detecting, processing and reporting performance monitoring and on alarm information for use by operations systems (OSs). The monitoring capabilities enable assessment of end-to-end quality-of-service, trouble sectionalization to responsible administrations, and fault location within administrations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Eletroquimioterapia: uma nova promessa para o tratamento de cânceres em animais (2008)

A eletroquimioterapia é uma nova modalidade de terapia de controle local para neoplasias sólidas. A administração do agente antineoplásico posteriormente à realização da eletroporação no tumor são os princípios da técnica. Suas principais características são os poucos efeitos colaterais, não promover mutilações na maioria dos casos em que se aplica além de não mostrar diminuição em sua eficiência frente a reaplicações em possíveis recidivas A terapia vem apresentando resultados bastante satisfatórios tanto para carcinomas quanto para sarcomas na medicina humana e na medicina veterinária os estudos estão avançando, conferindo a esta uma grande expectativa de vir a ser outra opção de tratamento. No Brasil, o Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental da FMVZ/USP vem desenvolvendo pesquisas e obtendo resultados expressivos com a técnica e espera em breve publicá-los, possibilitando a aplicação da técnica na rotina das clínicas
Spatial Dependence for Hydrogen Peroxide-Directed Signaling in Light-Stressed Plants (2006)

In this article, the role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as a signaling molecule involved in plant response to a sudden change in light intensity will be considered in a spatial context. The relatively low reactivity of H 2 O 2 compared with other ROS However, another view is promulgated here that allows for compartment-specific H 2 O 2 -mediated signaling associated with acclimation to high light. It is proposed that a spatial component to signaling is maintained by limiting the accumulation of H 2 O 2 to its sites of production. This would allow H 2 O 2 to initiate distinct signals depending on its subcellular origin Conversely, breakdown in the integrity of this spatial component, such that H 2 O 2 diffuses into other subcellular compartments, would promote oxidative stress and trigger signaling associated with cell death.
Interplay between Sex Steroids and Melatonin in Regulation of Human Benign Prostate Epithelial Cell Growth (1997)

Human benign prostatic epithelial cells contain functional melatonin receptors that can suppress cell growth and viability. The development of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men is assumed to result from androgen-estrogen imbalance. The impact of sex steroids on melatonin receptors in human benign prostate epithelial cells was investigated. The suppression by melatonin of [3H]thymidine incorporation and cGMP, and the enhancement of cAMP levels in the cells were used as markers of melatonin responses. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) separately increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into the cells, but suppressed it when combined. In cells grown with DHT, melatonin responses were extenuated. E2 greatly reduced the apparent affinity of [125I]melatonin binding in these cells without affecting binding site density. In parallel, the ability of melatonin to suppress [3H]thymidine incorporation into the cells was ablated within 1 h after the addition of E2. The melatonin-mediated increase in cAMP and decrease in cGMP concentrations were also ablated by E2. Preincubation of the cells with bis-indolylmaleimide (GF 102903X), a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, prevented the E2-mediated inactivation of melatonin binding and the inhibitory action on [3H]thymidine incorporation. Prolonged (18-h) incubation of the cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to down regulate protein kinase activity, partially restored [125I]melatonin binding and responsiveness in the E2-treated cells. These data indicate that 1) DHT and E2 enhance prostate epithelial cells growth, but reduce cell growth when combined; 2) DHT extenuates the inhibitory effects of melatonin on epithelial cell growth; and 3) E2 acts to inactivate melatonin receptors and consequently responses in human epithelial benign prostatic hyperplasia cells. This process is probably mediated by protein kinase C. Together, these results show an interplay between melatonin and sex steroids in the regulation of benign prostatic epithelial cell growth.
Enantioselective Aldol Reaction of Trimethoxysilyl Enol Ethers with Aldehydes Catalyzed by <i>p</i>-Tol-BINAP · AgF Complex (2001)

New catalytic asymmetric Mukaiyama-type aldol reaction using trimethoxysilyl enol ethers was achieved using p-Tol-BINAP · AgF complex as a catalyst. High syn- and enantioselectivities were obtained both from the E- and Z-silyl enol ethers.
A single nucleotide deletion in the skeletal muscle-specific calcium channel transcript of muscular dysgenesis (mdg) mice. (1992)

The skeletal muscle-specific dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel is a critical component of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. A recessive mutation in mice, muscular dysgenesis (mdg), has previously been described as resulting in defective excitation-contraction coupling. Although the channel-forming subunit (alpha 1) of the skeletal calcium channel is not detectable immunologically, specific mRNA of normal size is present in dysgenic muscle. cDNA for this calcium channel alpha 1 subunit has now been cloned from dysgenic muscle and sequenced in its entirety. A single nucleotide deletion occurs at nucleotide 4010 of the cDNA, resulting in a shift of the translational reading frame. The mutation has been confirmed by direct sequencing of PCR products from homozygous mutant and normal muscle. The mutant polypeptide is predicted to contain the first three repeating domains, five of the normal six transmembrane helices of the last repeating domain, and an altered and truncated C terminus. The mature mRNA encoding the dysgenic alpha 1 subunit appears to be labile. It is possible that premature termination of translation renders the mutant mRNA subject to degradation by nucleases. This work resolves a long-standing controversy on the nature of the primary genetic defect in muscular dysgenesis.
Chitosan-Based Delivery Systems: Physicochemical Properties and Pharmaceutical Applications (2001)

Shrimp or crab shell proteins are removed by treatment with 3-5% (w/v) NaOH aqueous solution at 80-90°C for a few hours or at room temperature overnight. Afterward, the product’s inorganic constituents are removed by treatment with 3-5% (w/v) HCl aqueous solution at room temperature giving a white to beige colored sample of chitin. The treatment of the sample with an aqueous 40-45% (w/v) NaOH solution at 90-120°C for 4-5 h results in Ndeacetylation of chitin. The insoluble precipitate is washed with water to give a crude sample of chitosan. The conditions used for deacetylation will determine the polymer molecular weight and the degree of deacetylation. The crude sample is dissolved in aqueous 2% (w/v) acetic acid, then the insoluble material is removed giving a clear supernatant solution which is neutralized with NaOH solution, resulting in a puriﬁed sample of chitosan as a white precipitate (7). Further puriﬁcation may be necessary to prepare medical and pharmaceutical grade chitosan.
A Low-Power Oven-Controlled Vacuum Package Technology for High-Performance MEMS (2009)

This paper presents a generic vacuum packaging technology for environment-resistant MEMS devices. This packaging approach simultaneously provides low-power oven-controlled thermal environment and vibration isolation using an isolation platform. The oven-controlled structure is thermally isolated from the environment by crab-leg suspensions made out of a 100 mum-thick glass wafer, an anti-radiation shield, and vacuum encapsulation. Performance is evaluated by packaging Pirani gauges and mode-matched tuning fork gyroscopes (M <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -TFGs). The package has maintained vacuum pressure of ~6 mTorr for ~1 year. A packaged M <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> -TFG shows a high-Q mode-matched operation (Q~65,000) at a constant temperature of -5degC. Allan variance analysis displays an estimated angle random walk (ARW) of 0.012deg/radichr and a bias instability value of 0.55deg/hr at a constant -5degC. Drive frequency stability of 0.22 ppm/degC is obtained using a compensated oven-control approach. Low power consumption of 33 mW for oven-control at 80degC is demonstrated when the environment temperature is -30degC.
210. Metal ions and complexes in organic reactions. Part I. Substitution reactions between aryl halides and cuprous salts in organic solvents (1964)

R. G. R. Bacon and H. A. O. Hill, J. Chem. Soc., 1964, 1097 DOI: 10.1039/JR9640001097
Controlling pathogenic inflammation to fungi (2007)

The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling is a prerequisite for successful host-fungal interactions. Although inflammation is an essential component of the protective response to fungi, its dysregulation may significantly worsen fungal diseases and limit protective, antifungal immune responses. The newly described Th17 developmental pathway may play an inflammatory role previously attributed to uncontrolled Th1 cell responses. The capacity of regulatory T cells to inhibit aspects of innate and adaptive antifungal immunity, including functional Th17 antagonism, is required for protective tolerance to fungi. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan catabolites contribute to such a homeostatic condition by providing the host with immune defense mechanisms adequate for protection, without necessarily eliminating fungal pathogens - which would impair immune memory - or causing an unacceptable level of tissue damage. These new findings provide a molecular connection between the failure to resolve inflammation and lack of antifungal immune resistance, and point to strategies for immune therapy of fungal infections that attempt to limit inflammation in order to stimulate an effective immune response.
Assembly of dendritic glycoclusters from monomeric mannose building blocks (1998)

Mannoside-based dendrimers were prepared by tetrafold glycosidation of selenium-donors with branched alcohol scaffolds. A trisaccharide-based glycocluster could be assembled in one reaction vessel based on reactivity tuning of glycosyl fluorides, orthogonal coupling to a glycosyl selenide and subsequent capture onto the dendritic scaffold.
Wideband Probing Techniques For Planar Devices: A Review (1988)

A review of high-frequency wafer-probing techniques which use contact to the device under test is given. 50-ohm probes have recently been developed for frequencies up to 50 GHz. On-wafer impedance standards and calibration accuracies have also improved. Probes for high-speed MSI circuits require low-impedance power-supply connections. Probes for non-intrusive measurement of internal IC nodes are also reviewed.
NOMLEX: a lexicon of nominalizations (1998)

NOMLEX (NOMinalization Lexicon) is a dictionary of English nominalizations currently under development at New York University. NOMLEX seeks not only to describe the allowed complements for a nominalization, but also to relate the nominal complements to the arguments of the corresponding verb. We consider both the main verbal arguments (subject, direct object, and indirect object), which may map into a variety of nominal positions, and the oblique verbal complements, which map more directly into nominal complements. The argument correspondences are specified through a combination of explicit information in the lexical entries and general linguistic constraints on the correspondences. 1 Introduction NOMLEX is a dictionary of English nominalizations being developed by the Proteus Project at New York University. In order to aid natural language processing tasks such as information extraction, we felt it was important to have a lexical resource that would relate the arguments of a nominaliz...
Polymeric electrolytes for ambient temperature lithium batteries. Final report (1994)

Samples of a plasticized Li{sup +} polymer electrolyte having high conductivity at room temperature were prepared with mixed plasticizer compositions of ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC). The influence of EC:PC in varying proportions with 1M LiAsF{sub 6} as the dissolved salt on the chemical and electrochemical properties of the electrolyte was studied. Electrolytes with mixed EC:PC compositions were found to have greater thermal stability, improved lithium and cathode (V{sub 6}O{sub 13}) interfacial properties, and superior mechanical properties compared to those prepared with pure EC and PC. The results of this work are relevant to possible uses of such electrolytes in energy storage technologies.
Necropsy Cases of Accidentally Killed Tsushima Wildcats (Felis bengalensis euptilura) (2000)

The Tsushima wildcat (Felis bengalensis euptilura) is a nationally designated protected species. During the period between September 1996 and January 1999, the corpses of 10 of these animals were taken to the Wildlife Conservation Center of the Environmental Agency of Japan, on Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture. Seven of the wildcats were killed in traffic accident; 2 died of bite wounds and 1 of an unspecified cause. A dog is presumed to have bitten one of the wildcats. The case of the bite wound in the other is unknown. The wildcat that died of unspecified cases displayed no wound, though many parasites were found in its gastrointestinal tract.
The impact of treatment errors on post-operative radiotherapy for testicular tumours (1985)

Twenty-four patients receiving post-operative radiotherapy for testicular tumours have been studied to assess the impact of treatment errors. Regular treatment verification radiographs were performed and compared with simulator planning radiographs. It was demonstrated that lymph nodes in the area most at risk, i.e., para-aortic nodes at L1 to L3 on the ipsilateral side, were inadequately irradiated on 10% of treatments, and that at least one lymph node miss was recorded in 12 of the 24 patients. These results are considered to be a minimum estimate. Mostly para-aortic fields 8.0 cm wide were used, but it was shown that the number of lymph-node misses could have been substantially reduced by using fields 9.0 cm wide, whilst the consequent increase in irradiated kidney volume was considered acceptable.
Two-Dimensional Optical Metasurfaces: From Plasmons to Dielectrics (2019)

Metasurfaces, kinds of planar ultrathin metamaterials, are able to modify the polarization, phase, and amplitude of physical fields of optical light by designed periodic subwavelength structures, attracting great interest in recent years. Based on the different type of the material, optical metasurfaces can be separated in two categories by the materials: one is metal and the other is dielectric. Metal metasurfaces rely on the surface plasma oscillations of subwavelength metal particles. Nevertheless, the loss caused by the metal structures has been a trouble, especially for devices working in transmit modes. The dielectric metasurfaces are based on the Faraday-Tyndall scattering of high-index dielectric light scattering particles. By reasonably designing the relevant parameters of the unit structure such as the size, direction, and shape, different functions of metasurfaces can realize and bring a wide range of applications. This article focuses on the metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflections and refractions and the working principle of different types of metasurfaces. Here, we briefly review the progress in developing optical over past few years and look into the near future.