gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a New Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Lineage with a <i>vpu</i> Gene Present among Different <i>Cercopithecus</i> Monkeys ( <i>C. mona</i> , <i>C. cephus</i> , and <i>C. nictitans</i> ) from Cameroon (2003)

During a large serosurvey of wild-caught primates from Cameroon, we found 2 mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) out of 8 and 47 mustached monkeys (Cercopithecus cephus) out of 302 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) cross-reactive antibodies. In this report, we describe the full-length genome sequences of two novel SIVs, designated SIVmon-99CMCML1 and SIVmus-01CM1085, isolated from one mona (CML1) and one mustached (1085) monkey, respectively. Interestingly, these viruses displayed the same genetic organization (i.e., presence of a vpu homologue) as members of the SIVcpz-HIV type 1 lineage and SIVgsn isolated from greater spot-nosed monkeys (Cercopithecus nictitans). Phylogenetic analyses of SIVmon and SIVmus revealed that these viruses were genetically distinct from other known primate lentiviruses but were more closely related to SIVgsn all across their genomes, thus forming a monophyletic lineage within the primate lentivirus family, which we designated the SIVgsn lineage. Interestingly, mona, mustached, and greater spot-nosed monkeys are phylogenetically related species belonging to three different groups of the genus Cercopithecus, the C. mona, C. cephus, and Cercopithecus mitis groups, respectively. The presence of new viruses closely related to SIVgsn in two other species reinforces the hypothesis that a recombination event between ancestral SIVs from the family Cercopithecinae is the origin of the present SIVcpz that is widespread among the chimpanzee population.
ECC Parity: A Technique for Efficient Memory Error Resilience for Multi-Channel Memory Systems (2014)

Servers and HPC systems often use a strong memory error correction code, or ECC, to meet their reliability and availability requirements. However, these ECCs often require significant capacity and/or power overheads. We observe that since memory channels are independent from one another, error correction typically needs to be performed for one channel at a time. Based on this observation, we show that instead of always storing in memory the actual ECC correction bits as do existing systems, it is sufficient to store the bitwise parity of the ECC correction bits of different channels for fault-free memory regions, and store the actual ECC correction bits only for faulty memory regions. By trading off the resultant ECC capacity overhead reduction for improved memory energy efficiency, the proposed technique reduces memory energy per instruction by 54.4% and 20.6%, respectively, compared to a commercial chip kill correct ECC and a DIMM-kill correct ECC, while incurring similar or lower capacity overheads.
Inexact Adaptive Newton Methods (1985)

ABSTRACT The Inexact Adaptive Newton method (IAN) is a modification of the Adaptive Implicit Method1 (AIM) with improved Newton convergence. Both methods simplify the Jacobian at each time step by zeroing coefficients in regions where saturations are changing slowly. The methods differ in how the diagonal block terms are treated. On test problems with up to 3,000 cells, IAN consistently saves approximately 30% of the CPU time when compared to the fully implicit method. AIM shows similar savings on some problems, but takes as much CPU time as fully implicit on other test problems due to poor Newton convergence.
Stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitor with wavy shaped polyaniline/graphene electrode (2014)

Wavy shaped PANI/graphene electrodes enable stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitors to maintain high electrochemical capacitance and mechanical strength simutaneously.
CO2 SELECTIVE CERAMIC MEMBRANE FOR WATER-GAS-SHIFT REACTION WITH CONCOMITANT RECOVERY OF CO2 (2004)

For the purpose of process simulation and economic analysis of the proposed CO{sub 2} selective membrane process, we began to generate the equilibrium and rate data at the operating condition interested to our applications. In the last quarter we presented the results obtained at 200 C. In this quarter, we have concentrated on the experiments at 250 C and CO{sub 2} pressure of 0 to 1 bar. In this report we present the equilibrium isotherm and the mathematical treatment using the commonly accepted Langmuir equation. The data fit the Langmuir isotherm well and will be used for future adsorber and membrane reactor modeling. In addition, unsupported hydrotalcite membranes have been successfully synthesized on the silicon wafer with micro-channels. The membrane developed in this quarter ranges 2 to 5 {micro}m in thickness. No visible cracks or defects were observed. Performance characterization of these membranes will begin in the next quarter. Since the interference from substrate in the characterization of the supported membrane is no longer existent, it is hoped that the hydrotalcite membrane thus formed can be optimized for its CO{sub 2} selectivity and performance with the aid of the morphological and performance characterization.
Character-Oriented Data Link Control Protocols (1980)

Character or byte-oriented data link control protocols have had a profound influence on the rapid and successful development of data communications networks. Although subject to certain limitations which led to the development of the now emerging bit-oriented protocols, character-oriented protocols have served our industry very well. Because of widespread implementation, they can be expected to continue this service into the foreseeable future. This paper offers an overview of characteroriented protocols and their place in the communications hierarchy. It examines these protocols from a historical and evolutionary perspective. It provides details, with examples, of the structure, functions, characteristics, and operation of the family of character-oriented link protocols.
한국철학 : 한국 유학의 『대학』 체재에 대한 이해(2) -『고본대학』 체재의 정합성을 인정하는 학자를 중심으로? (2011)

윤휴·정제두·이병휴·정약용·김택영 등은 『고본대학』에는 착간과 궐문이 없고 그 차서 그대로 논리적 정합성을 지니고 있음을 증명하기 위해 노력한다. 특히 격물치지에 대한 독자적 견해를 통해 격물치지전은 본래부터 없었다고 보거나 격물치지에 해당하는 부분을 제시한다. 윤휴는 격물치지란 명덕과 신민의 일을 할 때에 居敬하고 存誠하는 것으로 이해하여, 誠意∼平天下의 모든 과정에서 필요한 공부이기 때문에 따로 격물치지전이 필요 없다고 주장한다. 정제두는 격물치지란 성의∼평천하를 至善에 그치게 하는 것으로 이해하여, 경1장과 전5장 1절∼2절이 격물치지에 대해 설명한 것으로 파악한다. 이병휴는 격물치지란 사물의 至善의 소재를 궁구하여 그 곳에 마땅히 그쳐야 함을 아는것으로 이해하여, 이에 대해서는 전3장 1절∼3절에서 설명하였기 때문에 따로 격물치지전이 필요 없다고 주장한다. 정약용은 격물치지란 성의∼평천하의 본말과 종시를 잘 헤아려서 그 선후를 명확하게 인식하는 것으로 이해하여, 경1장 2절∼7절과 전5장 1절∼2절이 격물치지와 관련된 부분이라고 주장한다. 김택영은 격물치지란 삼강령과 그 조목인 성의∼평천하의 본말과 종시의 선후를 궁구하여 아는 것으로 이해하여, 경1장 3절과 6절∼7절, 전5장 1절∼2절이 격물치지에 대해 설명한 것으로 파악한다.
Construction and expression of recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pEGFPC1-uPA ATF (2007)

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression plasmid of pEGFPC1-uPA ATF gene, and investigate the effect of the plasmid on proliferation and migration of mouse Pam 212 cells. Methods Human uPA ATF cDNA was cloned from the prokaryotic plasmid by PCR technique, and then inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFPC1. The reconstructed plasmid was transfected into Pam 212 cells, and then identified by fluorescent microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Proliferation and the migration of the transfected cells were explored. Results The reconstructed plasmid of pEGFPC1-uPA ATF was confirmed by the sequence analysis. The reconstructed plasmid could reduce the proliferation and migration ability of Pam 212 cells. Conclusion The pEGFPC1-uPA ATF plasmid is constructed successfully. uPA ATF can reduce the growth and invasion of Pam 212 cells, which lay a foundation for further studies of uPA ATF in vivo.
Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) by low coverage genomic sequencing: Detection limits of screened chromosomal microdeletions (2020)

To study the detection limits of chromosomal microaberrations in non-invasive prenatal testing with aim for five target microdeletion syndromes, including DiGeorge, Prader-Willi/Angelman, 1p36, Cri-Du-Chat, and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndromes. We used known cases of pathogenic deletions from ISCA database to specifically define regions critical for the target syndromes. Our approach to detect microdeletions, from whole genome sequencing data, is based on sample normalization and read counting for individual bins. We performed both an in-silico study using artificially created data sets and a laboratory test on mixed DNA samples, with known microdeletions, to assess the sensitivity of prediction for varying fetal fractions, deletion lengths, and sequencing read counts. The in-silico study showed sensitivity of 79.3% for 10% fetal fraction with 20M read count, which further increased to 98.4% if we searched only for deletions longer than 3Mb. The test on laboratory-prepared mixed samples was in agreement with in-silico results, while we were able to correctly detect 24 out of 29 control samples. Our results suggest that it is possible to incorporate microaberration detection into basic NIPT as part of the offered screening/diagnostics procedure, however, accuracy and reliability depends on several specific factors.
Tourism in a 'borderless' world : the Singapore experience (2004)

For more about the East-West Center, see <a href="http://www.eastwestcenter.org/">http://www.eastwestcenter.org/</a>
Transport Across the Choroid Plexuses In Vivo and In Vitro (2003)

Choroid plexuses (CP), found in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles of the brain, contribute to the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). The choroidal epithelium constitutes an active interface between the peripheral blood, which circulates with a high flow rate in the numerous fenestrated vessels of the choroidal stroma, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which circulates from the ventricles into the subarachnoid spaces and the spinal canal. Most of the CSF is produced by the choroid plexuses, which also control its homeostasis by allowing the selective blood to CSF entry of various required molecules such as nutrients and hormones as well as mediating CSF to blood export of toxic compounds and metabolites. CP functions in CSF secretion and cerebral homeostasis require the presence of numerous transport systems distributed in a polarized manner between the apical or brush border (CSF facing) and the basolateral (stroma facing) membrane domains of the choroidal epithelial cells. They also depend on the existence of interepithelial tight junctions, which restrict the paracellular pathway for small lipid insoluble compounds (1,2).
444 AT4 RECEPTOR/INSULIN REGULATED AMINOPEPTIDASE DEFICIENCY IS BOTH VASO- AND CARDIO-PROTECTIVE UNDER CONDITION OF CARDIOVASCULAR STRESS IN MICE (2012)

Background: Chronic treatment with Angiotensin (Ang) IV, mediates vaso-protective effects in the ApoE−/− mouse model. We propose that these effects are mediated by binding of Ang IV to the AT4 receptor, now identified as insulin–regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), inhibiting the catalytic activity of this enzyme. Therefore the objective of this study was to investigate whether IRAP deficiency confers a protective phenotype under condition of cardiovascular stress. Design and Methods: Using the Ang II-infusion model of hypertension, male IRAP-deficient (IRAP−/−) mice and their WT littermate controls (∼12 weeks of age) were treated with either Ang II (800 ng/kg/day) or saline subcutaneously via osmotic mini-pumps for 4 weeks. Results: Ang II treatment evoked similar increases in systolic blood pressure in both WT and IRAP−/− mice compared to vehicle treated mice, with a concomitant increase in HW:BW ratio. Ang II infusion caused endothelial dysfunction in WT mice compared to saline-treated controls. Interestingly Ang II-infused IRAP−/− mice showed no evidence of endothelial dysfunction. Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction was correlated with a reduction in eNOS immunostaining in Ang II-infused WT mice that was absent in IRAP−/− mice. Ang II-infusion evoked cardiac fibrosis in WT mice with an increase in collagen deposition. Excitingly, IRAP−/− mice were protected against development of increased cardiac interstitial fibrosis when treated with Ang II for 4 weeks. Conclusions: This study has shown that IRAP−/− mice possess both vaso- and cardio-protective phenotype under a condition of cardiovascular stress and thus highlights the importance of targeting the IRAP/AT4R in cardiovascular disease.
Three-dimensional nonlinear inverse scattering: Quantitative transmission algorithms, refraction corrected reflection, scanner design, and clinical results (2013)

Research in quantitative whole breast ultrasound imaging has been developing rapidly. Recently, we published results from 2D transmission inverse scattering algorithms, based on optimization, incorporating diffraction, refraction, and limited multiple scattering effects, using data collected from an early prototype, which showed the feasibility of high resolution quantitative imaging of the breast tissue speed and attenuation, and concomitant refraction corrected reflection imaging. However, artifact problems in speed and attenuation result from the 2D algorithms and the data characteristics. The reflection algorithm uses the speed map to model refractive effects of rays, so these artifacts are unacceptable. The 3D inverse scattering algorithm presented here, using data from a new prototype, overcomes most of these artifacts. We then use a 3D refraction corrected 360° compounded reflection algorithm for high resolution speckle free reflection images. We discuss the transmission and reflection algorithms and the advanced scanner used to collect the data, as well as initial clinical results from the Mayo Clinic, Breast Cancer Imaging Center, Orange County, and the University California, San Diego. We show examples of cysts, fibroadenomas, calcifications, cancers, and DCIS, in dense, fatty, and average breast tissue, and compare these with hand-held ultrasound, MRI, and mammography, where available.
Fate of Procaine in Man and Properties of Its Metabolite Diethylaminoethanol.* (1950)

Research Service, Third (NYU) Medical Division, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, Welfare Island Department of Biochemistry, New York University, College of Medicine, and Department of Anesthesiology, New York University---Bellevue Medical Center, New York, N. Y. *Presented before the Twenty-Third Annual Congress of Anesthetists, Joint Session of the International Anesthesia Research Society and the International College of Anesthetists, Montreal, Canada, October 18–21, 1948. This work was supported by grants from the Institute for the Study of Analgesic and Sedative Drags, Elkhart, Ind., and E. K. Squibb and Sons, New Brunswick, N. J.
Long-Run Determinants of Equity Foreign Portfolio Investment (EFPI) in Sri Lanka: A Time Series Analysis with Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) Approach (2015)

Equity Foreign Portfolio Investment (EFPI) is useful in enhancing the efficiency and liquidity of capital markets. This study explores the long-run determinants of EFPI in Sri Lanka using the autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) model. The dataset covers monthly time series data from 2004 to 2013. The findings suggest that the London Inter-Bank Offered Rates (LIBOR), foreign reserves presented in months of imports, USD/LKR exchange rate and domestic share market performance measured by the All Share Price Index (ASPI) are statistically significant and have a long-run positive effect on EFPI. The remaining variables, three-month Treasury bill rates, the Colombo Consumer Price Index (CCPI) and the S&P500 index are statistically insignificant. It is further revealed that there is a short-run causality running from months of imports, three month Treasury bill rates, USD/LKR exchange rates and CCPI towards EFPI at the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE).
Design, Synthesis, and Applications of Chiral <i>N</i>-2-Phenyl-2-propyl Sulfinyl Imines for Group-Assisted Purification (GAP) Asymmetric Synthesis (2013)

A new chiral (Rs)-2-phenyl-2-propyl sulfinamide has been designed and synthesized; its derived aldimines and ketimines have been applied for asymmetric addition reaction with allylmagnesium bromide. The reaction was conveniently performed at room temperature to give a series of homoallylic amines in high yields (up to quant) and diastereoselectivity (up to >99% de). The pure products were obtained by relying on group-assisted purification (GAP) chemistry to avoid traditional purification methods of column chromatography or recrystallization. The conversion of disulfide to (R(s))-thiosulfinate which contains a newly generated polar group was also confirmed to be of the GAP chemistry in which washing crude product can generate pure enantiomer. The absolute stereochemistry has been determined by X-ray analysis.
Low-order black-box models for control system design in large power systems (1996)

The paper studies two multi-input multi-output (MIMO) procedures for the identification of low-order state space models of power systems, by probing the network in open loop with low-energy pulses or random signals. Although such data may result from actual measurements, the development assumes simulated responses from a transient stability program, hence benefiting from the existing large base of stability models. While pulse data is processed using the eigensystem realization algorithm, the analysis of random responses is done by means of subspace identification methods. On a prototype Hydro-Quebec power system, including SVCs, DC power lines, series compensation, and more than 1100 buses, it is verified that the two approaches are equivalent only when strict requirements are imposed on the pulse length and magnitude. The 10th-order equivalent models derived by random-signal probing allow for effective tuning of decentralized power system stabilizers (PSSs) able to damp both local and very slow inter-area modes.
Biochemical selectivity of oral versus intravenous aspirin in rats. Inhibition by oral aspirin of cyclooxygenase activity in platelets and presystemic but not systemic vessels. (1986)

In rats intravenous aspirin was only slightly more effective an inhibitor of platelet thromboxane B2 (TxB2) than of aorta 6-keto-prostaglandin (PGF)1 alpha generation (1.9 versus 2.1 mg/kg). In contrast, oral aspirin was about five times more effective on platelet than on aorta cyclooxygenase activity. The "biochemical selectivity" of aspirin as an inhibitor of platelet and vascular cyclooxygenase thus was not apparent after intravenous administration of the drug. However, this could be achieved by relatively low doses of oral (or intraduodenal) aspirin, on account of "presystemic" acetylation of platelet cyclooxygenase. Even in this condition, though, aspirin selectivity was relative to "systemic" peripheral vessels but not to the vessels of the enterohepatic circulation. Indeed after an oral or intraduodenal dose of 5 mg/kg aspirin, generation of portal vein 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was inhibited to much the same extent as platelet TxB2, while inferior vena cava 6-keto-PGF1 alpha formation was spared.
Increasing Selective CO<sub>2</sub> Adsorption on Amine-Grafted SBA-15 by Increasing Silanol Density (2011)

Two template removal methods were employed to create porosity in mesoporous silica SBA-15: ethanol extraction versus conventional high-temperature calcination. The resulting silicas were subjected to amine (3-aminopropyl) grafting and studied for their CO2 adsorption properties. The goal was to significantly increase the surface silanol density, and hence the grafted amine loading, leading directly to increased CO2 adsorption capacity and CO2/N2 selectivity. Thus, the silanol density was increased from 3.4 OH/nm2 for the calcined SBA-15 to 8.5 OH/nm2 for the SBA-15 by solvent extraction. Correspondingly, for these two samples, the grafted amine loading was increased from 2.2 to 3.2 mmol/g, and the CO2 adsorption capacity was increased from 1.05 to 1.6 mmol/g at conditions relevant to CO2 capture (0.15 bar and 25 °C), or a 52% increase. The CO2/N2 selectivity was increased from 46 to 131. The isosteric heats of adsorption, the sorbent stability during cyclic adsorption–desorption, and the (positive) effects of moisture on CO2 adsorption were also investigated and compared.
The impact of scaling-down oxide thickness on poly-Si thin-film transistors' I-V characteristics (1994)

The key factors reducing the fluctuations of poly-Si I-V fluctuations are investigated. Besides the trapping states at the grain boundary, the oxide thickness plays an important role in poly-Si characteristics. Scaling down the oxide thickness will improve both poly-Si performance and I-V uniformity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Composition of Paraffin Wax (1929)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComposition of Paraffin WaxS. W. Ferris, H. C. Cowles, and L. M. HendersonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1929, 21, 11, 1090–1092Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1929Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1929https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50239a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50239a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views720Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A fully-functional 90nm 8Mb STT MRAM demonstrator featuring trimmed, reference cell-based sensing (2015)

Spin Transfer Torque Magnetoresistive RAM (STT MRAM) has uniquely attractive write performance and endurance characteristics. Nonetheless, little STT MRAM circuit hardware data has been published [1-4]. This paper describes a fully-functional 90nm 8Mb STT MRAM, identifies and describes solutions to the primary circuit challenges, and includes considerable circuit hardware data.