gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extra‐virgin and refined olive oils decrease plasma triglyceride, moderately affect lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility and increase bone density in growing pigs (2006)

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the health benefits of extra‐virgin and refined olive oils, which are high in mono‐unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyphenolic compounds using the pig as a model. Thirty‐two cross‐bred pigs were individually penned, allocated to one of four dietary treatments and fed ad libitum for 28 days. Two of the experimental diets consisted of a basal diet containing 12% tallow and either 7% sunflower oil (TSO) or 7% extra‐virgin olive oil (TEVO) on a w/w basis. The remaining diets contained 19% extra‐virgin olive oil (EVO) or 19% of refined olive oil (RO). On days 7, 14 and 28 fasted and 3‐h post‐prandial blood samples were taken. Body composition was measured at the beginning and end of the study using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Daily gain, feed intake and lean and fat deposition were not significantly different between the treatments. However, the daily increase in bone mineral density was higher in pigs fed diets containing olive oil (1.23 vs 2.54, 6.28, 5.20 mg cm −2 per day for TSO, TEVO, EVO and RO, respectively, P = 0.050). Both fasting and non‐fasting plasma triglycerides were lower ( P = 0.003) in pigs fed MUFA‐rich diets, while the cholesterol profile was not significantly different between the treatments. The results from in vitro copper‐induced lipid peroxidation, expressed in terms of conjugated dienes, showed that low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles in postprandial serum from pigs fed olive oil were moderately more resistant to oxidative modification. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that both extra‐virgin and refined olive oils attenuate postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia, moderately affect oxidation susceptibility and increase bone mineral density in growing pigs. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Honeypot router for routing protocols protection (2009)

Routing protocols are essential for interconnecting networks; however they may enclose several vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious attackers. For example, an attacker may send forged packets to a router with the intention of changing or corrupting the routing table, which in turn can reduce the network connectivity and degrade the router functionalities. To prevent and detect such attacks, several security techniques are available like firewall, authentication mechanisms and intrusion detection system (IDS). Nevertheless these security methods encounter some problems, especially when dealing with new attacks. Relying on additional security principles seems to be important to well protect network connectivity offered by routers. In this paper, we propose using honeypot to protect routing protocols. Honeypot is particularly useful to attract attackers, driving them away real routers and allowing the administrators to be aware about intrusion attempts on their networks and the employed techniques that can be recent. Our solution (honeypot router) is to deploy a honeypot playing the role of a router. The honeypot is based on routing software called Quagga and other tools for traffic capture and analysis. The entire solution supervises all routing traffic, so it detects and studies new attacks against routing protocols (RIP, OSPF and BGP).
Optical confinement in laser diodes based on nitrides of Group III elements. Part 2: Analysis of heterostructures on various substrates (2008)

Numerical simulation is used to systematically analyze the waveguide properties of laser hetero-structures based on nitrides of Group III elements and formed on substrates made of various materials (sapphire, silicon carbide, and gallium nitride); in the analysis, the birefringence effect both in the nitride structure itself and in the substrate was taken into account. The specific features of optical confinement in typical laser structures and the effect of the substrate material and metallic contacts formed on top of the p-type layers are considered. The coefficients of optical losses for waveguide modes due to free charge carriers and to leakage into the substrate were estimated; these estimates were used to determine the significance of various channels of losses.
AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on Silicon With Hybrid Schottky–Ohmic Drain for High Breakdown Voltage and Low Leakage Current (2012)

In this letter, a hybrid Schottky-ohmic drain structure is proposed for AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors on a Si substrate. Without additional photomasks and extra process steps, the hybrid drain design forms a Γ-shaped electrode to smooth the electric field distribution at the drain side, which improves the breakdown voltage and lowers the leakage current. In addition, the hybrid drain provides an auxiliary current path and decreases the on-resistance, in contrast to the devices with a pure Schottky drain. Compared with the conventional ohmic drain devices, the breakdown voltage could be improved up to 64.9%, and the leakage current is suppressed by one order of magnitude without degradation of the specific on-resistance.
Rotating drum fermentor for plant cell suspension cultures (1983)

A rotating drum fermentor designed for plant cell suspension cultures was constructed and tested. The oxygen transfer coefficient (k(L)a) and power requirements in the fermentor were determined with the water system under various conditions and the relationship between them in the fermentor was clarified. Also, the relationship between k(L)a and the apparent viscosity in the fermentor was investigated in the cell suspension system. The rotating drum fermentor was found to be superior to the mechanically agitated fermentor in the capacity of oxygen supply under high viscosity and low hydrodynamic stress conditions. This finding was also confirmed by the experiments with plant cell suspension cultures.
Power-efficient class AB CMOS buffer (2009)

A novel class AB unity gain voltage buffer is proposed. It is based on the use of quasi-floating gate (QFG) techniques in a super source follower topology. The circuit achieves dynamic current boosting with accurate control of quiescent currents and without penalty in supply voltage requirements or quiescent power consumption. Measurement results of the circuit, fabricated in a 0.5 µm CMOS technology, show a slew-rate enhancement by a factor 18.5 against the conventional super source follower, for the same bias current and supply voltage.
Adhesion properties of mutants of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> defective in fibronectin‐binding proteins and studies on the expression of <i>fnb</i> genes (1995)

Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 has the potential to express two distinct cell wall-associated fibronectin-binding proteins called FnBPA and FnBPB. In order to test if both proteins are expressed in S. aureus and if both are required for promoting bacterial adhesion to fibronectin-coated surfaces, insertion mutations were isolated in each gene. A DNA fragment encoding tetracycline resistance was inserted into fnbA and a fragment encoding erythromycin resistance was inserted into fnbB. A double fnbAfnbB mutant was also constructed. The fnbA and fnbB single mutants showed no significant reduction in their adhesion to polymethylmethacrylate coverslips that had been coated in vitro with fibronectin. However, the double mutant was completely defective in adhesion. Monospecific antibodies directed against the non-conserved N-terminal regions of both proteins confirmed the lack of expression of FnBPs in the mutant strains. Wild-type fnbA and fnbB genes cloned seperately on a multicopy plasmid were each able to restore fully the adhesion-defective phenotype of the 8325-4 fnbAfnbB mutant. This demonstrates that both fnb genes are expressed in S. aureus and that both contribute to the ability of strain 8325-4 to adhere to fibronectin-coated surfaces. The double mutant was also defective in adhesion to coverslips that had been removed from tissue cages implanted subcutaneously in guinea-pigs, which suggests that fibronectin is important in promoting attachment of S. aureus to biomaterial in vivo.
Distribution of 37 mucosotropic HPV types in women with cytologically normal cervical smears: The age-related patterns for high-risk and low-risk types (2000)

Before guidelines can be set for the use of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) testing in cervical cancer screening and vaccine preparation, age-related prevalence of HR HPV types in cytologically normal smears has to be known. Therefore, in a cross-sectional study the prevalence of 37 different HPV genotypes and putatively unidentified HPV types was determined in 3,305 cytologically normal cervical smears from the general female population (15-69 years of age) using an HPV general primer GP5+/bioGP6+ mediated PCR assay. Subsequently, HPV-positive cervical smears were typed for 19 HR and 18 low-risk (LR) HPVs with an enzyme immunoassay using HPV type-specific oligoprobes in cocktails and individually, respectively. Overall, -HR and -LR HPV prevalences appeared to be of 4.6%, 3.3%, and 1.0%, respectively. Twenty-six different HPV types were detected in the 152 HPV-positive samples, the most prevalent types being HPV 16, 31, and 18. With regard to age, a peak prevalence of 19.6% for all HPVs was found in women 25-29 years of age, which declined to a mean of 4.3% in women over 30 years. With regard cytologically normal cervical smears (n = 3, 011) of women participating in the population-based screening program in the Netherlands (30 to 60 years), all HR HPVs showed decreased occurrence with increasing age, whereas the prevalence of LR HPV types remained constant. We suggest that screening for abnormal cytology implies screening for HR HPV infections and the subsequent treatment results in a decline of HR HPV prevalence in contrast to LR HPV prevalence during the years of screening.
Expression and function of KCNH2 (HERG) in the human jejunum (2003)

Previous studies suggest that ether-a-go-go related gene (ERG) KCNH2 potassium channels contribute to the control of motility patterns in the gastrointestinal tract of animal models. The present study examines whether these results can be translated into a role in human gastrointestinal muscles. Messages for two different variants of the KCNH2 gene were detected: KCNH2 V1 human ERG (HERG) (28) and KCNH2 V2 (HERG USO ) (13). The amount of V2 message was greater than V1 in both human jejunum and brain. The base-pair sequence that gives rise to domains S3– S5 of the channel was identical to that previously published for human KCNH2 V1 and V2. KCNH2 protein was detected immunohistochemically in circular and longitudinal smooth muscle and enteric neurons but not in interstitial cells of Cajal. In the presence of TTX (10 −6 M), atropine (10 −6 M). and l-nitroarginine (10 −4 M) human jejunal circular muscle strips contracted phasically (9 cycles/min) and generated slow waves with superimposed spikes. Low concentrations of the KCNH2 blockers E-4031 (10 −8 M) and MK-499 (3 × 10 −8 M) increased phasic contractile amplitude and the number of spikes per slow wave. The highest concentration of E-4031 (10 −6 M) produced a 10–20 mV depolarization, eliminated slow waves, and replaced phasic contractions with a small tonic contracture. E-4031 (10 −6 M) did not affect [ 14 C]ACh release from enteric neurons. We conclude that KCNH2 channels play a fundamental role in the control of motility patterns in human jejunum through their ability to modulate the electrical behavior of smooth muscle cells.
Synthesis and Liquid Crystal Properties of Some Urethans (1975)

Abstract The urethan (carbamate) linkage (-NHCOO-) has been investigated as a central group in liquid crystal systems. Cholesteryl N-para-substituted-phenylcarbamates exhibit cholesteric mesophases with mesophase stability roughly parallel to increasing molecular polarizability. A smectic, in addition to a cholesteric mesophase was found in the case of cholesteryl N-n-hexadecylcarbamate. The n-octyl analog has a monotropic cholesteric mesophase, while the n-butyl analog is not mesogenic. The N-para-methoxyphenylcarbamates of cholesterol, cholestanol, stigmasterol, α-sitosterol, campesterol, and 5-androstene-3β-0l-17-one, with the exception of the latter which was not mesogenic, exhibit enantiotropic mesophases. Twentyfive other non-steroidal urethans having a wide variety of structures, as well as several urea derivatives, were prepared but none was mesogenic.
CLUSTERING GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES USING MIXTURE MODEL ENSEMBLE AVERAGING APPROACH (2008)

Herein, we report controlled protein adsorption and delivery of thermo- and pH-responsive poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-methacrylic acid) (PNIPAM-<i>co</i>-MAA) microgels at different temperatures, pH values and ionic strengths by employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. For these dual-responsive microgels, we found that the BSA adsorption was driven by several of six competing contributions, <i>viz.</i>, physical diffusion (PD), hydrophobic interactions (HI), electrostatic attraction (EA), hydrogen bonding (HB) and temperature or pH-induced seizing action (SA<sub>T</sub> or SA<sub>pH</sub>), depending on the temperature and pH of the solution. Compared to the pure PNIPAM microgels, the higher swelling degree of the PNIPAM-<i>co</i>-MAA microgels allowed a large amount of BSA loading under any experimental conditions. A largest BSA adsorption of 45.1 μg mg<sup>-1</sup> was achieved at 40 °C and pH 4 due to the presence of all six contributions. The BSA adsorption and delivery could be further tuned by changing the crosslinking density within the microgels. The BSA binding onto the microgels was found to be ionic strength dependent, which could be attributed to the charge shielding of Na<sup>+</sup> ions, salting out of BSA and aggregate formation of the microgels. The adsorbed BSA could be controllably released by adjusting the temperature and pH of the experiment, and with the help of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) addition so as to eliminate each interaction between BSA and the microgels. Thus, this study can be useful to design a stimuli-responsive microgel-based carrier for controlled release of proteins.
Physics of quantum electronics (1965)

The intent: to hold a gathering of a small number of active scientists to discuss the physics of quantum electronics in a setting that would afford a maximum opportunity for close contact in a relaxed atmosphere with a minimum number of formally scheduled papers.
Extraposition grammars (1981)

This paper presents a grammar formalism for natural language analysis, called extraposition grammars (XGs), based on the subset of predicate calculus known as definite, or Horn, clauses. It is argued that certain important linguistic phenomena, collectively known in transformational grammar as left extra- position, can be described better in XGs than in earlier grammar formalisms based on definite clauses
Exploring User Behavior and Cybersecurity Knowledge - An experimental study in Online Shopping (2018)

The present study explores the relationship between cybersecurity knowledge, online behavior, and risk perception. To simulate an online shopping experience, we invited participants to access our newly designed website and answer a set of questions to evaluate their level of cybersecurity knowledge. The experiment identifies multiple subsequent stages that enhance different features of the social online shopping literature by offering different tasks. The online activities provided on our website play the role of essential vital enablers to interact with the user such as giving the buyer the chance to earn more credits in exchange for private information, saving the virtual credit card information and selecting a specific shopping scenario. Our outcomes highlight the significance of engaging individuals with cybersecurity and provide an analysis of consumer profiling and practice in an online shopping context. Moreover, our findings lead to two sets of actions: reducing the perceived risk of cybercrime in online activities by increasing the level of knowledge in cybersecurity and evolving user behavior when spotting a high level of privacy concern.
Stable expression of a neuronal dopaminergic progenitor phenotype in cell lines derived from human amniotic fluid cells (2006)

Cells from human amniotic fluid derived from the fetus are considered a source of multipotent cells. Their properties have not been fully exploited, partially because unlike other embryonic sources such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, cell lines from amniocentesis samples have not been generated. We have established and characterized the properties of eight individual cell lines. Flow cytometry using several cell surface markers showed that all cell lines generated consisted of homogeneous populations that lack HLAII antigenicity. Using a combination of immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-PCR, we found weak expression of Oct4 and nestin and strong expression of tubulin-betaIII, MAP2, and tau. Specific markers for cholinergic, (nor)adrenergic, and GABAergic neurons or glia were weakly expressed or absent, whereas expression of factors implicated in early induction of dopaminergic neurons, TGF-beta3 and beta-catenin were present. Further analysis showed strong expression of EN-1, c-RET, PTX3, and NURR1 essential for induction and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, TH, AADC, and VMAT2 components of dopamine synthesis and secretion, and syntaxin1A and SNAP-25 necessary for neurotransmitter exocytosis. This phenotype was retained throughout passages and up to the current passage 36. Expression of neuronal and dopaminergic markers in individual AF cell lines was comparable to expression in neurons induced from ES cells and in IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y neuroblastomas. Our data show that cell lines can be derived from subcultures of amniocentesis, and are primarily composed of a population of progenitors with a phenotype similar to that of committed mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.
Abstract: 3D Sedimentary Evolution of Turbidite Channel Reservoirs, Gulf of Guinea, West Africa (1999)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Temporal unification and the temporal partial order (2003)

A description is given of two aspects of integrating a temporal reasoner into PROMPT, a system that solves problems in physical domains. The motion of a temporal partial order is introduced first. This partial order maintains linear inequalities, minima and maxima among timepoints; such relations are needed for reasoning with numeric and symbolic temporal information. The author also presents methods for interfacing this temporal reasoner with an existing inference engine. The combination of these methods with standard unification techniques is called temporal unification; its style of unification maintains a transparent interface between the inference engine and the temporal reasoner. By using the temporal partial order and the technique of temporal unification, PROMPT is capable of symbolic and numeric temporal reasoning at multiple levels of abstraction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evaluation of accurate eye corner detection methods for gaze estimation (2014)

Accurate detection of iris center and eye corners appears to be a promising approach for low cost gaze estimation. In this paper we propose novel eye inner corner detection methods. Appearance and feature based segmentation approaches are suggested. All these methods are exhaustively tested on a realistic dataset containing images of subjects gazing at different points on a screen. We have demonstrated that a method based on a neural network presents the best performance even in light changing scenarios. In addition to this method, algorithms based on AAM and Harris corner detector present better accuracies than recent high performance face points tracking methods such as Intraface.
<i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Blocked in Tat-Dependent Protein Export Exhibit Pleiotropic Defects in the Cell Envelope (2001)

The Tat system is a recently discovered protein export pathway that serves to translocate folded proteins, often containing redox cofactors, across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Here we report that tat strains are associated with a mutant cell septation phenotype, where chains of up to 10 cells are evident. Mutant strains are also hypersensitive to hydrophobic drugs and to lysis by lysozyme in the absence of EDTA, and they leak periplasmic enzymes, characteristics that are consistent with an outer membrane defect. Both phenotypes are similar to those displayed by strains carrying point mutations in the lpxC (envA) gene. The phenotype was not replicated by mutations affecting synthesis and/or activity of all known or predicted Tat substrates.
3. Population Level Dynamics (1998)

One of the basic goals of structured population dynamics is to form a bridge from the level of individual organisms to the total population level. The modeling methodologies in Chapters 1 and 2 set up dynamical equations for a class distribution or a density function of individuals. Often these equations are not themselves utilized and studied, but instead are used as a starting point for the derivation of dynamical equations for a population level quantity (such as total population numbers, biomass, etc.). In this way the gap between the individual level and the population level is mathematically bridged. Moreover, the equations at the population level are sometimes more analytically tractable than those at the individual level, being of a “simpler” type (e.g., an ordinary rather than a partial differential equation) or of lower dimension. In this chapter we look at several classes of structured models for which it is possible to derive equations for total population level quantities. These types of models are specialized, of course, but several applications in which these types arise will be given.
Capattery double layer capacitor life performance (1991)

Double layer capacitors (DLCs) have received increased use in computer memory backup applications for consumer products during the past ten years. Their extraordinarily high capacitance density along with their maintenance-free operation makes them particularly suited for these products. These same features also make DLCs very attractive in military type applications. Unfortunately, lifetime performance data has not been reported in the literature for any DLC component. Our objective in this study was to investigate the effects that voltage and temperature have on the properties and performance of single and series-connected DLCs as a function of time. Evans model RE110474, 0.47-farad, 11.0-volt Capatteries were evaluated. These components have a tantalum package, use welded construction, and contain a glass-to-metal seal, all incorporated to circumvent the typical DLC failure modes of electrolyte loss and container corrosion. A five-level, two-factor Central Composite Design'' was used in the study. Single and series-connected Capatteries rated at 85{degree}C, 11.0-volts operation were subjected to test temperatures between 25 and 95{degree}C, and voltages between 0 and 12.9 volts (9 test conditions). Measured responses included capacitance, equivalent series resistance, and discharge time. Data were analyzed using a regression analysis to obtain response functions relating DLC properties to their voltage, temperature, and test time history. These results are described and should aid system and component engineers in using DLCs in critical applications.