gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An augmented Web space for digital cities (2002)

We propose an augmented Web space and its query language to support geographical querying and sequential plan creation utilizing a digital city that is a city-based information space on the Internet. The augmented Web space involves a new approach to integrate the World Wide Web (WWW) and a geographic information system (GIS). The augmented Web space consists of home pages (HP), hyperlinks, and generic links that represent geographical relations between HPs. The generic links are created dynamically using geographical evaluation functions included in a user's search query each time one is issued. A query also includes a path expression showing how to navigate the HPs, hyperlinks, and generic links. Since the path expression is an extended regular expression, we can describe an arbitrary sequence of users' search actions for navigating the augmented Web space. We have applied the proposed augmented Web space to Digital City Kyoto, a city information service system that is accessed through a 3D walk-through implementation and a map-based interface. Each time a user's query is issued through the 3D and 2D interfaces, Digital City Kyoto creates an augmented Web space, and navigates the Web information space based on the path expression in the query.
Regulation of transactivation-independent proapoptotic activity of p53 by FOXO3a (2006)

The tumor suppressor p53 can trigger cell death independently of its transcriptional activity through subcellular translocation and activation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. The regulation of such activity of endogenous p53 in response to stress remains largely unknown. Here we show that nuclear, activated FOXO3a could impair p53 transcriptional activity. However, activation of FOXO3a either on serum starvation or by expressing a constitutively active form of FOXO3a could induce p53-dependent apoptosis, even in cells bearing a transcriptionally inactive form of p53. Furthermore, FOXO3a could promote p53 cytoplasmic accumulation by increasing its association with nuclear exporting machinery. Our data also suggest that PUMA and Bax are required for p53-dependent apoptosis in manner that is independent of p53 transcriptional activity.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of AISI 4147 Spring Steel (2013)

Today steel is the most important resource in this industrialized world. It forms the basic building material of today’s structure. Moreover steels with large chromium and vanadium percentage can be used as spring steels which form the suspension system. Prevention of wear and increase in steel life depends principally on the design and operation on the component, but providing some pre-use treatment on steel can also improve the quality to a great extent. It has been seen that most of the study focuses on the experimental testing of the steel component and very few focuses on the material testing and improving its properties beforehand. One of the processing routes to alter the properties is heat treatment. Nearly 90% of the springs are used in heat treated conditions. The major requirement for the conventional spring steel is toughness, strength & hardness. In this view, it is proposed to study the mechanical and tribological properties of AISI 4147 (EN47) spring steel with different heat (thermal) treatments like normalizing, hardening and tempering. All heat treatments are carried out in atmospheric condition. Hardening treatment improves hardness of the material, a marginal decrease in hardness value with improved ductility is observed in tempering. Hardening and longer duration tempering show better wear resistance compare to other heat treatments. Both mild and severe wear regions are observed. Generally mild wear region is observed above 5 hours of continuous running of the specimen. Microstructural analysis shows the existence of pearlitic structure in as bought & normalized specimens, lath martensitic structure in hardened specimen.
Organic field effect transistors with dipole-polarized polymer gate dielectrics for control of threshold voltage (2007)

The authors demonstrate organic field effect transistors (OFETs) with a dipole-polarized polyurea for the gate dielectrics. In the dielectrics, the internal electric field induces the mobile charge carrier in the semiconductor layer to the semiconductor-dielectric interface. OFETs with dipole-polarized gate dielectrics exhibit lower threshold voltage. With nonpolarized gate dielectrics, the threshold voltage was −11.4V, whereas that decreased to −5.3V with polarized gate dielectrics. In addition to the threshold voltage, polarized gate dielectrics reduced subthreshold swing from 4.1to2.4V/decade at the gate voltage of −20V. These results show that dipole-polarized polyurea gate dielectrics allow us to operate OFETs with lower power consumption.
SOIL MOISTURE SENSORS FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING<sup>1</sup> (1994)

ABSTRACT: Certain physical and chemical properties of soil vary with soil water content. The relationship between these properties and water content is complex and involves both the pore structure and constituents of the soil solution. One of the most economical techniques to quantify soil water content involves the measurement of electrical resistance of a dielectric medium that is in equilibrium with the soil water content. The objective of this research was to test the reliability and accuracy of fiberglass soil‐moisture electrical resistance sensors (ERS) as compared to gravimetric sampling and Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The response of the ERS was compared to gravimetric measurements at eight locations on the USDA‐ABS Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed. The comparisons with TDR sensors were made at three additional locations on the same watershed. The high soil rock content (≥45 percent) at seven locations resulted in consistent overestimation of soil water content by the ERS method. Where rock content was less than 10 percent, estimation of soil water was within 5 percent of the gravimetric soil water content. New methodology to calibrate the ERS sensors for rocky soils will need to be developed before soil water content values can be determined with these sensors.
Über 1.2‐Amino‐phenylmercaptan (1915)

Trotz der riemlich groBen
Sodium borohydride versus ammonia borane, in hydrogen storage and direct fuel cell applications (2009)

Since the late 1990s, sodium borohydride (NaBH4, denoted SB) is presented as a promising hydrogen storage material and an attractive fuel (aqueous solution) of the direct fuel cell (or direct liquid-feed fuel cell). In 2007, the U.S. Department of Energy recommended a no-go for SB for vehicular applications and suggested work on ammonia borane (AB), another promising hydrogen storage material, which is also considered as a fuel for the direct fuel cell. Both boron hydrides in hydrogen and fuel cell applications are the topics of the present paper. The basics, issues, solutions to the issues and state-of-the-art are tackled but the discussion aims to compare the hydrides for either application. It is shown that there are many similarities between SB and AB in their features and applications. Nevertheless SB and AB as hydrogen storage materials do not compete. Rather, SB is intended more to portable technologies while AB to vehicular applications. Otherwise, when these hydrides are utilised as fuels of direct fuel cell, one question arises: what can be the advantage of developing the AB-powered fuel cell when it seems to be less effective, practical, and more complex than the SB-powered fuel cell? These aspects are discussed. However that may be, it is concluded that both SB and AB are not mature enough for the applications considered.
Robust closed-loop pitch estimation for harmonic coders by time scale modification (1999)

Harmonic coders that synthesize speech without transmitting phase information abandon the benefits of closed-loop parameter estimation via waveform matching. In this paper, we show that effective closed loop parameter estimation can be achieved when a suitable time-scale modification is applied to the speech LP residual in harmonic coders. The concept is demonstrated here specifically for pitch estimation, but is more broadly applicable. For each of a set of pitch candidates generated by a time-domain pitch estimator, the residual is modified to match the pitch contour derived from that candidate. The best candidate is selected by evaluating for each candidate the match between the modified residual and the synthesized residual. The new pitch estimation algorithm significantly reduces gross pitch errors compared to a conventional time-domain pitch estimator and enhances the perceptual performance of a 4 kbps harmonic coder.
<i>FvVE1</i> regulates filamentous growth, the ratio of microconidia to macroconidia and cell wall formation in <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> (2006)

The velvet gene, veA, co-ordinates asexual and sexual development in the homothallic fungal species Aspergillus nidulans. Studies in Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus fumigatus demonstrated that veA also regulates morphological differentiation in these species. Whether veA has the same role in morphogenesis in other fungal genera has not been investigated. In this work, we studied the role of the veA homologue, FvVE1, in the heterothallic fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Deletion of FvVE1 suppressed aerial hyphal growth and reduced colony surface hydrophobicity on solid media. In submerged cultures, FvVE1 deletion caused alterations in hyphal polarity, marked activation of conidiation and yeast-like growth. The latter was promoted by shaking to increase aeration of cultures. In addition, FvVE1 deletion markedly increased the ratio of macroconidia to microconidia. Supplementation of osmotic stabilizers restored the wild-type phenotype to deletion mutants, suggesting phenotypic alterations caused by FvVE1 deletion are related to cell wall defects. This is consistent with the hypersensitivity of FvVE1 deletion mutants to SDS and with the significant reduction in the mannoprotein content of mutants compared with the wild-type strain. However, no dramatic cell wall alterations were observed when mutants were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Our data strongly suggest that FvVE1 is important for cell wall integrity, cell surface hydrophobicity, hyphal polarity and conidiation pattern.
Inhibition and Stimulation of Phospholipid Scrambling Activity. Consequences for Lipid Asymmetry, Echinocytosis, and Microvesiculation of Erythrocytes (2001)

An increase of the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in erythrocytes is known to activate rapid nonspecific bidirectional translocation of membrane-inserted phospholipid probes and to decrease the asymmetric distribution of endogenous membrane phospholipids. These scrambling effects are now shown to be suppressed by pretreatment of cells with the essentially impermeable reagents 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonate. The inhibitory effects are no longer observed during renewed activation of scrambling following a first transient activation by Ca(2+). Assuming the involvement of the human scramblase, this suggests a conformational alteration of this protein during activation by Ca(2+). Marked suppression of scrambling activity is also observed in cells pretreated with the disulfide reducing agent dithioerythritol which can be reverted by the SH oxidizing agent diamide. This indicates the importance of intramolecular and/or intersubunit disulfide bonds for the function of the scramblase. On the other hand, treatment of cells with the SH reagents N-ethylmaleimide and phenylarsine oxide enhances Ca(2+)-activated scrambling and diminution of asymmetry of membrane phospholipids. This suggests an allosteric connection of several protein SH groups to the translocation mechanism. The inhibitors retain their strong suppressive effects. Besides covalent modification, addition of oligomycin highly stimulates and addition of clotrimazole suppresses the Ca(2+)-activated translocation. No evidence for a role of the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 in the Ca(2+)-activated outward translocation is obtained. Suppression of phospholipid scrambling by dithioerythritol inhibits Ca(2+)-induced spheroechinocytosis and reduces the extent of subsequent microvesiculation. Scrambling of endogenous phospholipids is proposed to induce echinocytosis and to have only a stimulatory effect on microvesiculation.
Language Models and Structured Document Retrieval. (2002)

We discuss possibilities for the use of language models in structured document retrieval. We use a tree-based generative language model for ranking documents and components. Nodes in the tree correspond to document components such as titles, sections, and paragraphs. At each node in the document tree, there is a language model. The language model for a leaf node is estimated directly from the text present in the document component associated with the node. Inner nodes in the tree are estimated using a linear interpolation among the children nodes. This paper also describes how some common structural queries would be satisfied within this model. 1.
Ground Radiation Tests and Flight Atomic Oxygen Tests of ITO Protective Coatings for Galileo Spacecraft (1986)

Radiation simulation tests (protons and electrons) were performed along with atomic oxygen flight tests aboard the Shuttle to space qualify the surface protective coatings. The results which contributed to the selection of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated polyester as the material for the thermal blankets of the Galileo Spacecraft are given. Two candidate materials, polyester and Fluorglas (TFE), were radiation tested to determine changes at simulated Jovian radiation levels. The polyester exhibited a smaller weight loss (2.8%) than the Fluorglas (8.8%). Other changes of polyester are given. During low-earth orbit, prior to transit to Jupiter, the thermal blankets would be exposed to atomic oxygen. Samples of uncoated and ITO-coated polyesters were flown on the shuttle. Qualitative results are given which indicated that the ITO coating protected the underlying polyester.
Inhibition of adenosine deaminase by alcohols derived from adenine nucleosides (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInhibition of adenosine deaminase by alcohols derived from adenine nucleosidesLeon M. Lerner and Ralph R. RossiCite this: Biochemistry 1972, 11, 15, 2772–2777Publication Date (Print):July 18, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00765a006https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00765a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Is it the primetime for endoglin (CD105) in the clinical setting? (2006)

See article by Jerkic et al. [12] (pages 845–854) in this issue. 

Initial studies carried out at the beginning of the past century identified increased vascularity as a common feature associated with tumor growth; based on these morphological observations, it was then demonstrated that local tumor growth and distant metastasis of neoplastic cells are strictly dependent on adequate blood supply. The latter was subsequently shown to be provided by blood vessels neoformed from pre-existing ones whose growth is directly promoted by neoplastic cells through the local release of angiogenic factors. Altogether, these observations provided a strong scientific rationale to hypothesize the clinical use of an anti-angiogenic approach based on therapeutic tools able to inhibit molecularly characterized regulators of angiogenesis as an effective strategy to treat cancer [1,2]. Nevertheless, among a large array of novel therapeutic agents with anti-angiogenic activity tested in the clinical setting in the past decade, the humanized version of a murine anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody (mAb) (bevacizumab) is the only such agent that has received approval for the treatment of mestatastic colorectal cancer in association with chemotherapy [2]; thus, plenty of room is still available for the clinical development of new … 

*Corresponding author. Division of Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Siena, Strada delle Scotte 14, 53100 Siena, Italy. Tel.: +39 0577 586335; fax: +39 0577 586303. Email address: mmaio{at}cro.it
Dynamic warp resizing: Analysis and benefits in high-performance SIMT (2012)

Modern GPUs synchronize threads grouped in warps. The number of threads included in each warp (or warp size) affects divergence, synchronization overhead, and the efficiency of memory access coalescing. Small warps reduce the performance penalty associated with branch and memory divergence at the expense of a reduction in memory coalescing. Large warps enhance memory coalescing significantly but also increase branch and memory divergence. Dynamic workload behavior, including branch/memory divergence and coalescing, is an important factor in determining the warp size returning best performance. Based on this observation, we propose Dynamic Warp Resizing (DWR). DWR outperforms static warp size decisions, up to 2.28X.
SNA and TCP/IP integration handbook (1998)

From the Publisher:
Ed Taylor breaks down the complex SNA-TCP/IP challenge into manageable chunks. In this essential handbook, he provides everything network administrators and managers need to ensure a smooth transition from SNA to TCP/IP, or an integrated environment. No matter what your level of expertise or depth of technical knowledge, this book provides the bridges, the background, and the clear, uncompromising detail that you need to guarantee integration. Fully illustrated with diagrams, this book brings you assured guidance in design, configuration, internetworking, and maintenance.
A simple, photometrically accurate algorithm for deconvolution of optical images (1991)

a noise model, has been tested on simulated HST data. This straightforward algorithm displays many desirable features for astronomical image reconstruction, as shown by rigorous numerical tests: (1) The photometric scale of the data is preserved accurately. (2) Information on the local noise level due to Poisson statistics in the input data is preserved. (3) It can accommodate a spatially variable point-spread function. Some of these properties are not shared by any widely used deconvolution algorithm. Some considerations of computing speed, and application to ground-based images, are briefly discussed.
ON‐THE‐JOB TRAINING using MODULAR METHODS (1972)

the situation and the problem Manual skills in the meat industry are obviously present in the High Street butcher's shop and it is in this retailing area that the more traditional type of apprentice training is mainly to be found. But it is important to realise that large parts of the meat industry have moved out of the shop to a factory situation. In the factory, as compared with the shop, there is a need for employees with high skill levels in a narrow range of tasks. In other words skilled operatives rather than craftsmen are needed, particularly in modern slaughtering and processing systems.
SocialMix: Supporting Privacy-Aware Trusted Social Networking Services (2016)

Online Social Networks (OSNs) have been one of the most successful web-based communication models. In the recent years, a new category of OSNs namely anonymous social networks are becoming popular. Unlike traditional Online Social Networks, anonymous social networks allow users to communicate without exposing their identity. This paper presents a trusted anonymous social network service that can anonymize user identities during interaction even though the communication happens with the user's own trusted friends and contacts on the social network. A fundamental requirement of such a trusted anonymous social networks is to protect the user's identity under the guarantees of anonymity. However, in existing approaches, even though the user information is anonymized, by continuously aggregating the information from the messages posted by a user, it is possible to re-identify the user with high probability. In this paper, we propose SocialMix that anonymizes the users of a trusted social network such that the aggregation of messages can be prevented. We make three original contributions. First, we develop the SocialMix model for trusted anonymous social networks so that communication privacy can be protected by k-anonymization. Second, by considering the features of OSNs, we analyze the vulnerabilities of the naive methods that might be exploited to break the privacy. We develop new techniques to improve the attack-resilience of the SocialMix approach. Third, we propose intelligent mix node selection methods to significantly reduce the required number of social mix nodes while still keeping high anonymization rate. Our experiments shows that SocialMix provides high attack resilience and keeps high anonymization rate with few mix nodes under the trusted social network model.
Reactive power control of DFIG wind turbines for power oscillation damping under a wide range of operating conditions (2016)

This study analyses the effect of replacing existing synchronous generators (SGs) equipped with power system stabilisers (PSS) by doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms on the damping of power system oscillations in a multi‐machine power system. A power system stabiliser was designed to enhance the capability of DFIG to damp power systems oscillations. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed controller are demonstrated on the widely used New England 10‐machine 39‐bus test system that combines conventional SGs and DFIG based wind farms using eigenvalue analysis and non‐linear simulation. The non‐linear simulation is used to demonstrate how the damping contribution of DFIG based wind farms is affected by different operating conditions within the same wind farm and stochastic wind speed behaviour. The results show that installing conventional fixed parameters PSS within reactive power control loop of DFIG rotor side converter has a positive damping contribution for a wide range of operating conditions. Furthermore, the results clearly show that DFIG based wind farms equipped with the proposed farm level PSS can damp power system oscillations more effectively than SGs PSS.
The Effect of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection and Dietary Iron Deficiency on Host Iron Homeostasis: A Study in Mice (2004)

Infection with H. pylori did not cause iron deficiency in iron-replete mice. However, diminished iron stores in mice as a result of limited dietary iron intake were further lowered by concurrent infection, thus indicating that H. pylori competes successfully with the host for available iron.