gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of primary stability for successful osseointegration of dental implants: Factors of influence and evaluation (2013)

A secure implant primary (mechanical) stability is positively associated with a successful implant integration and long-term successful clinical outcome. Therefore, it is essential to assess the initial stability at different time-points to ensure a successful osseointegration. The present study critically reviews the factors that may play a role in achieving a successful initial stability in dental implants. Databases were searched from 1983 up to and including October 2013 using different combinations of various keywords. Bone quality and quantity, implant geometry, and surgical technique adopted may significantly influence primary stability and overall success rate of dental implants.
Human spasmolytic polypeptide decreases proton permeation through gastric mucus in vivo and in vitro (1997)

Exogenously administered trefoil peptides are gastroprotective in rat injury models. We hypothesized that trefoil-associated gastroprotection occurred by decreasing the rate of proton permeation through mucus. Gastric surface cell intracellular pH and mucus gel thickness were measured by in vivo microscopy. Gastric mucosal blood flow was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry. The effect of human spasmolytic peptide (hSP) on H+ diffusion through 5% purified porcine mucin was measured using an Ussing chamber. Buffering action of mucin was measured by titration. In vivo, gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus gel thickness were not affected by any of the treatments. Topical hSP, but not intravenous hSP, decreased initial acidification rate and elevated the intracellular pH of gastric surface cells during luminal acid challenge. In in vitro studies, hSP dose dependently decreased the diffusion coefficient of H+ through 5% porcine mucin solution. hSP had no significant effect on the buffering action of mucin solutions. These data support our hypothesis that hSP interacts with gastric mucin in a manner that inhibits proton permeation through the mucus gel layer.
A Simple and Rapid Method for the Identification of Zolpidem Carboxylic Acid in Urine (2007)

Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic that has been implicated in both drug-facilitated sexual assault and drink spiking. Detection of the drug in urine is extremely difficult because of its extensive metabolism. A method is presented for the detection and quantitation of zolpidem carboxylic acid (ZCA), the major urinary metabolite of zolpidem. The metabolite was extracted from urine at pH 4.5-5.0 with chloroform/isopropanol alkylated with ethyl iodide and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion-monitoring mode. Following a single ingestion of 10 mg zopidem, ZCA is detected for up to 72 h. The limit of detection is 2 ng/mL, with an overall recovery of 80%. Using this procedure, zolpidem was identified in two cases of alleged drug-facilitated sexual assault.
Increased expression of Fas antigen on bone marrow CD34<sup>+</sup> cells of patients with aplastic anaemia (1995)

Fas antigen, a receptor molecule that mediates signals for programmed cell death, is involved in T-cell-mediated killing of malignant, virus-infected or allogeneic target cells. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), potent inhibitors of haemopoiesis, enhance Fas receptor expression on bone marrow (BM) CD34+ cells, and both cytokines render haemopoietic progenitor cells susceptible to Fas-mediated inhibition of colony formation due to the induction of apoptosis. Haemopoietic suppression in aplastic anaemia (AA) has been associated with aberrant IFN-gamma, increased TNF-beta expression, and elevated numbers of activated cytotoxic T-cells in marrow. We have now examined Fas antigen expression in fresh AA BM samples. In normal individuals few CD34+ cells expressed Fas antigen and normal marrow cells had low sensitivity to Fas-mediated inhibition of colony formation. In contrast, in early AA, BM CD34+ cells showed markedly increased percentages of Fas receptor-expressing CD34+ cells, which correlated with increased sensitivity of AA marrow cells to anti-Fas antibody-mediated inhibition of colony formation. The proportion of Fas antigen-bearing cells was lower in recovered patients' BM. Fas antigen was also detected in the marrow of some patients with myelodysplasia, especially the hypocellular variant. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that AA CD34+ cells, probably including haemopoietic progenitor cells, express high levels of Fas receptor due to in vivo exposure to IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha and are suitable targets for T-cell-mediated killing. Our results suggest that the Fas receptor/Fas ligand system are involved in the pathophysiology of BM failure.
Forest fire monitoring system structure and node design based on wireless sensor network (2013)

Wireless sensor network is a new research field of computer sciences. Introduced some applications of wireless sensor networks in environmental monitoring; proposed a three-tier forest fire monitoring system and defined the main function of each layer; designed a portable wireless sensor network node, the module had advantages of volume small, portable, low energy consumption, easy maintenance, it's very suitable for the application in forest fire monitoring. Streszczenie Nowym polem badan w informatyce są bezprzewodowe sieci czujnikowe (WSN). Znalazly one szereg zastosowan w badaniach środowiska. W opracowaniu zaproponowano troj-poziomowy system monitoringu pozaru lasu oraz zdefiniowano glowną funkcje kazdej warstwy. Opracowano przenośną stacje wezlową WSN. Posiada ona szereg zalet: male wymiary i pobor mocy, latwośc transportu i konserwacji. Jest bardzo odpowiednia do wykorzystania w monitoringu pozaru lasu. Struktura systemu monitoringu pozaru lasu na podstawie bezprzewodowej sieci czujnikowej oraz projekt stacji wezlowej
Radioimmunoassay of thyroxine in unextracted serum, by a single-antibody technique. (1973)

A radioimmunoassay procedure for thyroxine (T4) is described, for which only 25 µl of serum is required. The antibody, commercially available, is produced in rabbits in response to injections of a T4—albumin conjugate. Native T4—binding proteins are denatured by heating 25 µl of serum in 0.2 ml of a glutamate buffer in a boiling water bath. After a 1-h incubation of heat-treated serum with I125-T4 and T4 antibody, free and bound T4 are separated by use of hemoglobin-coated charcoal. The method has excellent sensitivity, is rapid, and possesses significant advantages over a standard competitive protein binding method with which it is compared.
The Snaking Wells In Champion West, Offshore Brunei. Best Practices for ERD Well Construction (2008)

Abstract The Champion West field was discovered in 1975 and named Champion West in 1990. The field is located in the North of the Brunei Offshore sector. Phase 3 of this project, is the latest development with 20 wells (oil & gas). These Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) wells, are designed as "snake" wells penetrating the reservoir several times, in order to create multiple drainage points snake well develop oil rim reservoirs. All the wells are of different horizontal lengths, as can be seen in Figure 1 and 2. The objective of this paper, is to present the learning and best practices gained after drilling 5 of these snake oil wells, during Champion West phase 3a. Best practices refers to those developed during the project, that have resulted in: reduction of costs, by reducing trouble time (Non Productive Time)reduction bit off-bottom circulation timesincrease of bit on-bottom timeimproved ability to clean the hole, resulting in trouble-free tripstrouble free casing runsthe deepest SMART completion in the world The 350 days campaign was delivered 49 days earlier than planned and below budget. Total cumulative drilling length was of 34 km. This performance allowed the Well Construction team, to achieve the Shell Global EP, Rig of the Fleet award, twice in 3 years.
Formation of Monodisperse FePt Alloy Nanocrystals Using Air-Stable Precursors: Fatty Acids as Alloying Mediator and Reductant for Fe<sup>3+</sup> Precursors (2009)

High quality FePt nanocrystals were synthesized by a simple and high performance synthetic method in a hydrocarbon solvent. Instead of a toxic and dangerous Fe(CO)(5) precursor, air-stable and generic inorganic and organic iron salts were used as the iron precursors. Fatty acid molecules were identified as both efficient reducing reagents for the Fe(3+) precursors and as an alloying mediator. The alloying process occurred in a two-step fashion. The Pt nanocrystal seeds initially formed at relatively low temperatures, with the need to be stabilized by a small amount of amines. Conversely, the final FePt nanocrystals could be stabilized with fatty acids as the main ligands. The mechanisms revealed here not only help to understand the formation of alloy nanocrystals but also shed new light on the formation of transition metal oxide nanocrystals using metal fatty acid salts as the precursors.
An Asymmetrical Double-Gate VCO with Wide Frequency Range (2006)

Indepndenty-cotrolld doule-gate devices using asymmetrical (n+/p+) gates are applied to the design of a novel VT-controlled voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO supports high operating frequencies and a wide tuning range. The back gates of the asymmetrical double-gate devices are used to modulate the threshold voltages of the front gate devices. A two-fold frequency tuning range is observed without the complexity of additional devices resulting in improved performance, noise immunity, and power efficiency over conventional well/body bias techniques. These results are validated through mixed-mode MEDICI simulations.
Body Parts, the Water Cycle, Plants, and Dolphins (2008)

This article describes the author's personal experiences leading primary grades in whole-class composing. Together they created songs inspired by topics the students were exploring in their homeroom classes. The author systematically describes the songwriting process they employed, identifying specific challenges encountered along the way. The first task was to identify a topic, then to create a song text. Next they explored and shared musical possibilities to match the text, one line at a time. They worked together to reach consensus on various aspects of the text and tune until they had a song. The author also describes how they made use of these songs as curriculum in the school music program.
The influence of hydrogel functional groups on cell behavior (1990)

This study provides information on the behavior of macrophages on the surface of the subcutaneously implanted hydrogel strips. Hydrogel containing -OH, -CO-NH-, and (CH3)2N- groups induced a spreading of macrophages on the implants. The materials containing -SO3H groups slightly, and materials containing -COOH groups more intensively, inhibited spreading of the macrophages. The fusion of macrophages into multinucleate cells was inhibited on the surface of materials containing acidic groups (-SO3H, -COOH) and increased on the hydrogels containing 30 mol% of alkaline (CH3)2N- groups in comparison with hydrogels containing -OH or -CO -NH- groups. The differences of the behavior of macrophages on the surface of individual types of hydrogels are probably independent on the adsorption of plasma fibronectin onto the hydrogels. The correlation between the macrophages spreading and fusion and surface charge of the hydrogel implant can be hypothetically explained by electrostatic interaction between macrophages cell membrane and implant.
Making pattern queries bounded in big graphs (2015)

It is cost-prohibitive to find matches Q(G) of a pattern query Q in a big graph G. We approach this by fetching a small subgraph G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> of G such that Q(G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> ) = Q(G). We show that many practical patterns are effectively bounded under access constraints A commonly found in real life, such that G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> can be identified in time determined by Q and A only, independent of the size |G| of G. This holds no matter whether pattern queries are localized (e.g., via subgraph isomorphism) or non-localized (graph simulation). We provide algorithms to decide whether a pattern Q is effectively bounded, and if so, to generate a query plan that computes Q(G) by accessing G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</sub> , in time independent of |G|. When Q is not effectively bounded, we give an algorithm to extend access constraints and make Q bounded in G. Using real-life data, we experimentally verify the effectiveness of the approach, e.g., about 60% of queries are effectively bounded for subgraph isomorphism, and for such queries our approach outperforms the conventional methods by 4 orders of magnitude.
Modeling the Metal–Insulator Phase Transition in Li<sub>x</sub>CoO<sub>2</sub> for Energy and Information Storage (2019)

Abstract An electro‐chemomechanical phase‐field model is developed to capture the metal–insulator phase transformation along with the structural and chemical changes that occur in Li x CoO 2 in the regular operating range of 0.5 < x < 1. Under equilibrium, in the regime of phase coexistence, it is found that transport limitations lead to kinetically arrested states that are not determined by strain‐energy minimization. Further, lithiation profiles are obtained for different discharging rates and the experimentally observed voltage plateau is observed. Finally, a simple model is developed to account for the conductivity changes for a polycrystalline Li x CoO 2 thin film as it transforms from the metallic phase to the insulating phase and a strategy is outlined for memristor design. The theory can therefore be used for modeling Li x CoO 2 ‐electrode batteries as well as low voltage nonvolatile redox transistors for neuromorphic computing architectures.
Expansion of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from pediatric and adult donor bone marrow (2005)

The enormous plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) suggests an improvement of a standard protocol of isolation and ex vivo expansion for experimental and clinical use. We isolated and expanded MSCs from bone marrow (BM) of pediatric and young adult donors, to analyze the growth kinetic, immunophenotype, telomere length, karyotype during ex vivo expansion. Seventeen BM samples were collected from young adult donors and 8 from pediatric donors. MSCs isolated from two groups showed no morphological differences while their cell growth was strictly related to the donor's age. The MSCs isolated from pediatric donors reached a cumulative PD almost twice as high as MSCs isolated from young adult donors after 112 days (10.2 +/- 1.9 versus 5.5 +/- 3.7). Furthermore, we analyzed the modulation of antigen expression in the MSCs isolated from two groups until 10th passage (77 days) and there was no significant difference between the modulation of antigen expression. In particular, at the first passage, MSCs showed a low contamination of hemopoietic cells which became insignificant in the following passages. There was a high expression of CD90, CD29, CD44 and CD105 and variable and moderate expression of CD166 and CD106 at the start of MSC culture and at each passage during expansion. No chromosomal alteration or evidence of cellular senescence were observed in all analyzed samples. All these data suggest that MSCs can be isolated and expanded from most healthy donors, providing for an autologous source of stem cells.
Poly(2‐oxazoline) block copolymer based formulations of taxanes: effect of copolymer and drug structure, concentration, and environmental factors (2015)

Many current nanoformulations of taxanes are hampered by low drug‐loading capacity and unfavorable physicochemical characteristics such as large particles size (>100 nm) and/or low size uniformity. We have previously reported on taxane nanoformulations, based on poly(2‐oxazoline) polymeric micelles that display an extremely high taxane loading capacity (>40% w/w) and particle size below 50 nm. Previous work was based on a triblock copolymer having poly(2‐butyl‐2‐oxazoline) as the hydrophobic block and poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) as the hydrophilic blocks. This paper explores the effects of various formulation parameters such as (i) the drug and polymer structure; (ii) the drug and polymer concentration; and (iii) the composition of aqueous medium on the solubilization behavior and physicochemical properties of the resulting formulations. In addition, in vitro anticancer activity is reported. Despite numerous variations of the hydrophobicity, polarity or addition of aromatic residues in the hydrophobic core, the triblock copolymer with the poly(2‐butyl‐2‐oxazoline) block remains the polymer with the highest drug‐loading capacity. Notably, the formulation was easily scalable with uncompromised encapsulation efficacy, loading capacity, and physicochemical properties. The taxane formulations were stable upon storage (water, saline, and dextrose solution) for 1–2 weeks and could be lyophilized and re‐dispersed without compromising the formulation properties. Furthermore, the micelles remained stable upon dilution. The drug‐loaded poly(2‐oxazoline) micelles showed high toxicity against several cancer cell lines. Taken together, these results underscore the potential of poly(2‐oxazoline) micelles as formulation excipient for taxanes and possibly other hydrophobic drugs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Site-specific Lys-63-linked Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor 6 Auto-ubiquitination Is a Critical Determinant of IκB Kinase Activation (2006)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a key mediator in proximal signaling of the interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor and the TNF receptor superfamily. Analysis of TRAF6-deficient mice revealed a fundamental role of TRAF6 in osteoclastogenesis; however, the molecular mechanism underlying TRAF6 signaling in this biological process is not understood. Recent biochemical evidence has indicated that TRAF6 possesses ubiquitin ligase activity that controls the activation of IKK and NF-kappaB. Because these studies are primarily based on cell-free systems, the role of the ubiquitin ligase activity of TRAF6 and its auto-ubiquitination to initiate the NF-kappaB pathway in vivo remain elusive. Here we show that an intact RING domain of TRAF6 in conjunction with the E2 enzyme Ubc13/Uev1A is necessary for Lys-63-linked auto-ubiquitination of TRAF6 and for its ability to activate IKK and NF-kappaB. Furthermore, a RING mutant of TRAF6 abolishes its ability to induce receptor activator of NF-kappaB-independent osteoclast differentiation and nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor NFATc1. Notably, we map the auto-ubiquitination site of TRAF6 to a single Lys residue, which if mutated renders TRAF6 unable to activate transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 and IKK and to cause spontaneous osteoclast differentiation. Additionally, we provide biochemical and in vivo evidence that TRAF6 serves as an E3 to directly ubiquitinate NEMO. Reconstituting TRAF6-deficent cells with various TRAF6 mutants, we clearly demonstrate the requirement for the TRAF6 RING domain and site-specific auto-ubiquitination of TRAF6 to activate IKK in response to interleukin-1. These data establish a signaling cascade in which regulated site-specific Lys-63-linked TRAF6 auto-ubiquitination is the critical upstream mediator of IKK.
Techniques for prevention of calcification of valvular bioprostheses. (1984)

Calcification of valvular bioprostheses in children is a major problem that has stimulated extensive research in our laboratory. In previous reports, we have shown that the rate of calcification could be reduced by decreasing the phosphate content in the tissue or by blocking calcification binding sites with Mg++ and/or with a surfactant (Tween 80). Since then, we have systematically investigated incorporation of numerous other surfactants and of polyacrylamide within the tissue, and these investigations form the basis of this report. The methods of investigation included subcutaneous implantation of treated tissues in growing rabbits, stability tests, and intracardiac implantation in sheep. Results showed that surfactants differed in their efficacy in mitigating calcification, with N-lauroylsarcosine and triton X-100 being the most efficient. Polyacrylamide incorporation was also efficient in calcification mitigation, but this effect was lost after flexibility testing in vitro or implantation in vivo, a drawback that suggests further research is necessary into stabilization of this polymer. This report not only brings attention to new alternatives in calcification mitigation treatment of bioprosthetic tissues but also underlines important points of methodology.
Modeling and control of the dual active bridge series resonant converter (2014)

As electrical systems increasingly come to dominate modern life, the power conversion technologies that enable these systems to efficiently connect to one another are becoming increasingly important. With the expanding demand for such technologies in ever diversifying areas, the demands placed on power converters have increased in kind. One major area of research which has attempted to satisfy this demand is in the class of resonant switching converters, such as the series resonant converter. Although high efficiencies with extremely high bandwidths and switching frequencies are possible with these converters, the control complexity needed is sometimes prohibitive.\nIn this dissertation the theory needed for the modeling and control of one such topology, the dual active bridge series resonant converter (DABSRC), is developed. The results derived are applicable to a wide range of similar topologies as well, greatly increasing their worth. The theory and control techniques based off of the results presented here help make the DABSRC and similar topologies candidate power conversion technologies for even the most demanding application areas.\nUsing a frequency domain approach for the small signal modeling (SSM), a generalized phasor transformer is first derived. This technique is then applied to the DABSRC in order to demonstrate multi-angle phase shift modulation. The previously derived minimum current trajectories (MCT) are used for power flow control based on the models derived using the generalized phasor transformer. Due to the variability in response characteristics of the DABSRC when operated along the MCT, gain scheduling control of the DABSRC is next developed.\nMulti-mode control (MMC) is implemented in gain scheduled converter in order to allow power and voltage regulation with smooth mode transitions. In order to allow zero voltage switching of the DABSRC converter, an in depth analysis of the commonly utilized phase shift modulated (PSM) auxiliary leg technique for zero voltage switching (ZVS) assistance is given. Finally a digital controller is implemented to control as set of prototype DABSRCs. Each converter module is designed to operate with a nominal 500 V input voltage, and an output voltage ranging from 0 V to 600 V with an average power of 1 kW.