gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solution‐processable colorless polyimides derived from hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride with controlled steric structure (2012)

Abstract This work presents novel colorless polyimides (PIs) derived from 1R,2S,4S,5R‐cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (H″‐PMDA). Isomer effects were also discussed by comparing with PI systems derived from conventional hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride, that is, 1S,2R,4S,5R‐cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (H‐PMDA). H″‐PMDA was much more reactive with various diamines than H‐PMDA, and the former led to PI precursors with much higher molecular weights. The results can be explained from the quite different steric structures of these isomers. The thermally imidized H″‐PMDA‐based films were colorless regardless of diamines because of inhibited charge‐transfer interaction. In particular, the H″‐PMDA/4,4′‐oxydianiline system simultaneously achieved a very high T g exceeding 300 °C, high toughness (elongation at break > 70%), and good solution processability. In contrast, the H‐PMDA‐based counterparts were essentially insoluble. The outstanding solubility of the former probably results from disturbed chain stacking by its nonplanar steric structure. An advantage of chemical imidization process is also proposed. In some cases, a copolymerization approach with an aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride was effective to improve the thermal expansion property. The results suggest that the H″‐PMDA‐based PI systems can be promising candidates for novel high‐temperature plastic substrate materials in electronic paper displays. A potential application as optical compensation film materials in liquid crystal displays (LCD) is also proposed in this work. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Link level power control of optical networks with time-delay (2007)

We analyze the effects of time-delay in optical communication networks. A link level power control scheme adjusts the OSNR value of the signals toward channel OSNR optimization. We utilize the model from L. Pavel (2006) along with its game-theoretic based control algorithm. We incorporate time-delay into the closed loop system, for the general case where every link has a unique time-delay. We derive sufficient conditions for stability under arbitrary time-delays and network configurations.
Preservation: a special concern (1997)

Actuellement, les technologies de l'information et notamment Internet permettent aux bibliothecaires de developper la conservation de documents sous forme electronique et donc de partager leurs techniques et de collaborer malgre les longues distances. Cet article presente des ressources electroniques qui s'interessent a la conservation : le Library of Congress Web site ; le site CoOL du Conservation OnLine Web site ; le site Web de la Cornell University ; les supports prives de conservation
Blocking of the PD‐1/PD‐L1 Interaction by a <scp>D</scp>‐Peptide Antagonist for Cancer Immunotherapy (2015)

Blockade of the protein-protein interaction between the transmembrane protein programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 has emerged as a promising immunotherapy for treating cancers. Using the technology of mirror-image phage display, we developed the first hydrolysis-resistant D-peptide antagonists to target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. The optimized compound (D) PPA-1 could bind PD-L1 at an affinity of 0.51 μM in vitro. A blockade assay at the cellular level and tumor-bearing mice experiments indicated that (D) PPA-1 could also effectively disrupt the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in vivo. Thus D-peptide antagonists may provide novel low-molecular-weight drug candidates for cancer immunotherapy.
Gangliosides Activate Trk Receptors by Inducing the Release of Neurotrophins (2002)

We used NIH-3T3 fibroblasts expressing the different Trk receptors to examine whether GM1 ganglioside and its semisynthetic derivative LIGA20 activate various neurotrophin receptors. GM1 induced autophosphorylation of TrkC more potently than TrkA or TrkB receptors. In contrast, LIGA20 activated TrkB tyrosine phosphorylation only. Therefore, Scatchard analysis was performed to determine whether GM1 binds to TrkC. GM1 failed to displace neurotrophin-3 binding, suggesting that this ganglioside does not act as a ligand for Trk receptors. In addition, GM1 failed to induce autophosphorylation of a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular domain of the tumor necrosis factor receptor and the intracellular domain of TrkA, suggesting that GM1 does not affect the tyrosine kinase domain. We next determined whether GM1 induces the release of neurotrophins from fibroblast cells. GM1 induced a rapid and significant increase in the amount of neurotrophin-3, but not other neurotrophins. This effect was independent of the presence of Trk because K252a did not prevent GM1-mediated release of neurotrophin-3. Moreover, GM1-mediated TrkC autophosphorylation was blocked by TrkC-IgG (but not TrkB-IgG) receptor bodies, further suggesting that GM1 activates TrkC by inducing the release of neurotrophin-3. This hypothesis was also tested in cultured cerebellar granule cells. GM1 induced neurotrophin-3 (but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor or nerve growth factor) release. In contrast, LIGA20 increased the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Our data show that gangliosides may activate different Trk receptors by differentially affecting the release of neurotrophins.
Optimization of Flight Rescheduling Problem under Carbon Tax (2020)

The flight rescheduling problem is one of the major challenges of air traffic issue. Unforeseen bad weather conditions stimulate air traffic congestion and make the initial scheduling infeasible, resulting in significant economic losses for passengers and airlines. Furthermore, due to rigorous environmental legislations, flight rescheduling becomes a more complicated problem, as it has to deal with flight delays on the one hand, and carbon emissions on the other hand. In this paper, we address the flight rescheduling problem with an environmental requirement subject to the air capacity limitation due to bad weather conditions. A new strategy is proposed to minimize the disruption effects on planned flights, which adopted ground delay, longer route change, flight cancellation, as well speed adjustment to arrive at a scheduled time. Firstly, the objective of this study is to determine the economical flights plan in line with the new available air capacity. Secondly, by considering the environmental impact of the kerosene consumption, we illustrate the contribution of an economical decision to aircraft emissions. Experiment results are provided to show the efficiency of the proposed strategies and genetic algorithm as the used optimization method. Furthermore, the impacts of carbon tax and cost of arrival delay on the flights carbon emissions are studied.
Chemopreventive Action by Ethanol-extracted Brazilian Green Propolis on Post-initiation Phase of Inflammation-associated Rat Colon Tumorigenesis (2017)

Suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress, which had been triggered by DMH and promoted by DSS, was a primary mechanism by which EEP suppressed carcinogenesis.
Development and characterization of novel photosensitizer :  scFv conjugates for use in photodynamic therapy of cancer (2007)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is becoming an evermore useful tool in oncology but is frequently limited by side-effects caused by a lack of targeting of the photosensitizer. This problem can often be circumvented by the conjugation of photosensitizers to tumour-specific monoclonal antibodies. An alternative is the use of single chain (sc) Fv fragments which, whilst retaining the same binding specificity, are more efficient at penetrating tumour masses because of their smaller size; and are more effectively cleared from the circulation because of the lack of an Fc domain. Here we describe the conjugation of two isothiocyanato porphyrins to colorectal tumour-specific scFv, derived from an antibody phage display library. The conjugation procedure was successfully optimized and the resulting immunoconjugates showed no loss of cell binding. In vitro assays against colorectal cell lines showed these conjugates had a selective photocytotoxic effect on cells. Annexin V and propidium iodide staining of treated cells confirmed cell death was mediated principally via an apoptotic pathway. This work suggests that scFv : porphyrin conjugates prepared using isothiocyanato porphyrins show promise for use as targeted PDT agents.
Deletion of <i>GEL2</i> encoding for a β(1–3)glucanosyltransferase affects morphogenesis and virulence in <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> (2005)

The first fungal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored beta(1-3)glucanosyltranferase (Gel1p) has been described in Aspergillus fumigatus and its encoding gene GEL1 identified. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glucanosyltransferases play an active role in the biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall. We characterize here GEL2, a homologue of GEL1. Both homologues share common characteristics: (i) GEL1 and GEL2 are constitutively expressed during over a range of growth conditions; (ii) Gel2p is also a putative GPI-anchored protein and shares the same beta(1-3)glucanosyltransferase activity as Gel1p and (iii) GEL2, like GEL1, is able to complement the Deltagas1 deletion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae confirming that Gelp and Gasp have the same enzymatic activity. However, disruption of GEL1 did not result in a phenotype whereas a Deltagel2 mutant and the double mutant Deltagel1Deltagel2 exhibit slower growth, abnormal conidiogenesis, and an altered cell wall composition. In addition, the Deltagel2 and the Deltagel1Deltagel2 mutant have reduced virulence in a murine model of invasive aspergillosis. These data suggest for the first time that beta(1-3)glucanosyltransferase activity is required for both morphogenesis and virulence in A. fumigatus.
Auditory Brainstem Circuits That Mediate the Middle Ear Muscle Reflex (2010)

The middle ear muscle (MEM) reflex is one of two major descending systems to the auditory periphery. There are two middle ear muscles (MEMs): the stapedius and the tensor tympani. In man, the stapedius contracts in response to intense low frequency acoustic stimuli, exerting forces perpendicular to the stapes superstructure, increasing middle ear impedance and attenuating the intensity of sound energy reaching the inner ear (cochlea). The tensor tympani is believed to contract in response to self-generated noise (chewing, swallowing) and non-auditory stimuli. The MEM reflex pathways begin with sound presented to the ear. Transduction of sound occurs in the cochlea, resulting in an action potential that is transmitted along the auditory nerve to the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem (the first relay station for all ascending sound information originating in the ear). Unknown interneurons in the ventral cochlear nucleus project either directly or indirectly to MEM motoneurons located elsewhere in the brainstem. Motoneurons provide efferent innervation to the MEMs. Although the ascending and descending limbs of these reflex pathways have been well characterized, the identity of the reflex interneurons is not known, as are the source of modulatory inputs to these pathways. The aim of this article is to (a) provide an overview of MEM reflex anatomy and physiology, (b) present new data on MEM reflex anatomy and physiology from our laboratory and others, and (c) describe the clinical implications of our research.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 inhibition by small interfering RNAs in achondroplasia (2011)

La acondroplasia es un tipo de enanismo caracterizado por extremidades cortas resultante de una mutacion en el receptor de crecimiento de fibroblastos de tipo 3 (FGFR3). Aun no se ha establecido una terapia efectiva para esta enfermedad. Nosotros hemos testado la eficiencia de tres diferentes small interference RNAs (siRNAs) para bloquear la expresion del receptor FGFR3 en condrocitos humanos inmortalizados portadores de la mutacion acondroplasica (G380R). Dos secuencias de siRNAs indujeron un marcado descenso de la expresion de ARN mensajero del receptor FGFR3 (hasta un 75%) asi como de los niveles de proteina (hasta un 61%). Ademas, el bloqueo de la expresion del receptor FGFR3 mediado por los siRNAs redujo la activacion de la cascada de transduccion de las ERK
The suppressor factor of T suppressor cells induced by tolerogenic conjugates of ovalbumin and monomethoxypolyethylene glycol is serologically and physicochemically related to the <i>alpha beta</i> heterodimer of the T cell receptor. (1994)

Ovalbumin-specific, H-2Kd restricted, CD8+ Ts cells of clone 17.2 were shown to produce an OVA-specific Ts cell factor (TsF17.2) possessing the same Ag specificity and MHC restriction as those of the intact Ts cells. The Ts cell clone was generated from a single cell of the spleen of a mouse which had been immunosuppressed by injection of tolerogenic OVA(mPEG)12 conjugate. For the elucidation of the nature of TsF17.2, it was characterized by serologic, physicochemical, and Western blot analyses. It was found that 1) the OVA-specific suppression of in vitro antibody production by TsF17.2 could be blocked by mAb H28-710 which binds to an epitope of the constant region of the alpha-chain of TCR; 2) the TsF17.2 could be sequestered by, and eluted from, immunosorbents prepared by coupling to Affi-Gel Hz the H28-710 mAb or the mAb H57-597 and F23.1 which are specific, respectively, for an epitope of the constant region of the beta-chain and an epitope of the V beta 8 region of the TCR; and 3) the TsF17.2 had a pl of 7.0, m.w. of 84,000, and consisted of two disulfide-linked subunits of 42,000 each. After electroelution from the SDS-PAGE gel, the m.w. 84,000 molecule retained its capacity to suppress in vitro antibody production in an OVA-specific manner. From all these results it was concluded that this Ts cell factor may represent a soluble form of the alpha beta heterodimer of TCR of cloned Ts cells.
Microwave-transistor power-amplifier design by large-signal <i>y</i> parameters (1975)

The validity of large-signal y parameters for use in the design of microwave-transistor power amplifiers has been investigated, and simple design equations have been derived for the optimum source and load terminations. The predicted terminations are in good agreement with those experimentally obtained with a 1 GHz 1 W amplifier.
Apoptosis induced by erythroid differentiation of human leukemia cell lines is inhibited by Bcl-XL (1996)

The induction of tumor cell differentiation represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of a wide range of malignancies. Differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells towards neutrophils or monocytes has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death, which is inhibited by bcl-2 over-expression. However, the role of the bcl-2 gene family during erythroid differentiation of human leukemia cells remains unknown. We found that human erythroleukemia (HEL) and K562, two leukemia cell lines that undergo erythroid differentiation do not express Bcl-2, but express Bcl-XL, a related protein that functions as an inhibitor of apoptosis. Differentiation of HEL or K562 cells with inducers of erythroid differentiation (hemin, retinoic acid, or transforming growth factor-beta) was accompanied by progressive cell death and degradation of genomic DNA into oligonucleosomal fragments. The loss of cellular viability was associated with downregulation of bcl-xL mRNA and protein. In contrast, the levels of Bax, another Bcl-2 family member implicated in apoptosis remained unaltered. Constitutive expression of Bcl-XL by gene transfer inhibited apoptosis triggered by erythroid differentiation of HEL K562 cells. Yet, Bcl-XL did not alter the expression of epsilon-globin, which is induced during erythoid differentiation of HEL and K562 cells, arguing that apoptosis and differentiation can be uncoupled by Bcl-XL. These results indicate that Bcl-XL acts as an antiapoptosis protein in leukemia cells that undergo erythroid differentiation and that downregulation of bcl-x is a component of the apoptotic response that is coupled to differentiation in human leukemia cells.
Field-Free Isolation of Exosomes from Extracellular Vesicles by Microfluidic Viscoelastic Flows (2017)

Exosomes, molecular cargos secreted by almost all mammalian cells, are considered as promising biomarkers to identify many diseases including cancers. However, the small size of exosomes (30-200 nm) poses serious challenges in their isolation from complex media containing a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) of different sizes, especially in small sample volumes. Here we present a viscoelasticity-based microfluidic system to directly separate exosomes from cell culture media or serum in a continuous, size-dependent, and label-free manner. Using a small amount of biocompatible polymer as the additive in the media to control the viscoelastic forces exerted on EVs, we are able to achieve a high separation purity (>90%) and recovery (>80%) of exosomes. The proposed technique may serve as a versatile platform to facilitate exosome analyses in diverse biochemical applications.
Optical resolution of methyl phenyl and benzyl methyl sulfoxides and alkyl phenylsulfinates by complexation with chiral host compounds derived from tartaric acid (1995)

F. Toda, K. Tanaka and T. Okada, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1995, 639 DOI: 10.1039/C39950000639
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Scotch Bonnet (Capsicum annuum) and Quantification of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Scotch Bonnet (Capsicum annuum) and Quantification of Capsaicin and DihydrocapsaicinJinpin Yao, Muraleedharan G. Nair, and Amitabh ChandraCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 6, 1303–1305Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00042a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00042a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views968Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene, endostatin, and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNAs in invasive pituitary adenomas]. (2004)

Increased expression of human PTTG and bFGF, and decreased expression of endostatin may be related to the genesis of tumor invasiveness. The feasible mechanism may be related to that the increased expression of PTTG plays a role in pituitary tumor invasiveness by altering the balance of tumor angiogenesis.
A novel wind-power generating system using field orientation controlled doubly-excited brushless reluctance machine (2003)

A novel variable-speed constant-frequency wind power generating system using a doubly-excited brushless reluctance machine is proposed. A field orientation control method is proposed to track the optimal torque-speed profile of the wind turbine and to realize flexible reactive power control. The proposed wind power generating system has the potentials of high efficiency, good flexibility, and low cost.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Characterization of New <i>CIS</i>-1,4-Diaminocyclohexane and Piperidine Platinum(II) Complexes Containing Disubstituted Sulfide Groups (2000)

Abstract A series of cationic platinum(II) complexes of the type [Pt(cis-1,4-DACH)(R′R″S)Cl]NO3 and [Pt(PIP)2(R′R″S)Cl]NO3 (where cis-1,4-DACH = cis-1,4-diaminocyclohexane; PIP = piperidine; and R′R″S = dimethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, dipropylsulfide, diisopropylsulfide, dibutylsulfide, diphenylsulfide, dibenzylsulfide, methylphenylsulfide, or methyl-p-tolylsulfide) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared, 1H, and 195Pt nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Key Words: Platinum complexes cis-1,4-diaminocyclohexanepiperidinedisubstituted sulfides
Effect of Atmospheric Glow Discharge Plasma Treatment on CO<sub>2</sub> Permeability and Chemical Structure of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Membranes (1999)

The surface of poly(dimethylsiloxane) membranes was modified by atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APG) plasma treatment using He, and the CO2 permeability and the selectivity of CO2 over CH4 were investigated in detail. Permeance of CO2 (RCO2) decreased monotonically with an increase in the APG plasma treatment time as is the case in low pressure plasma treatment (1). The selectivity (α) was improved very much by the plasma treatment and was well above the selectivity of untreated poly(dimethylsiloxane). The selectivity showed a maximum as a function of treatment time. The treatment time to achieve maximum selectivity decreased with increasing power input. At the optimum condition for CO2 selectivity, RCO2 and α were 1.5 x 10-5 mol/(m2·s·kPa) and 76, respectively, which indicates that the membrane has a fairly high permeability and selectivity compared with those of conventional polymer membranes. The surface of the plasma treated membrane was analyzed by XPS. The O/Si ratio of the APG treated membrane surface was about twice that of the untreated membrane. This suggests that oxygen was incorporated into the membrane surface from the external environment, probably as a result of reaction with the free radicals formed in the membrane during APG treatment. The existence of oxygen containing polar groups probably increases the affinity between the membrane and CO2. The permeance of CO2 and CH4 decreased with time after the plasma treatment, consistent with results from low pressure plasma treatment (1).
Model for the computation of self-motion in biological systems (1992)

I present a method by which direction- and speed-tuned cells, such as those commonly found in the middle temporal area of the primate brain, can be used to analyze the patterns of retinal image motion that are generated during observer movement through the environment. For pure translation, the retinal image motion is radial in nature and expands out from a point that corresponds to the direction of heading. This heading direction can be found by the use of translation detectors that act as templates for the radial image motion. Each translation detector sums the outputs of direction- and speed-tuned motion sensors arranged such that their preferred direction of motion lies along the radial direction out from the detector center. The most active detector signifies the heading direction. Rotation detectors can be constructed in a similar fashion to detect areas of uniform image speed and direction in the motion field produced by observer rotation. A model consisting of both detector types can determine the heading direction independently of any rotational motion of the observer. The model can achieve this from the outputs of the two-dimensional motion sensors directly and does not assume the existence of accurate estimates of image speed and direction. It is robust to the aperture problem and is biologically realistic. The basic elements of the model have been shown to exist in the primate visual cortex.