gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron Microscopy and Computed Microtomography Studies of in Vivo Implanted Mini-Tl Dosimeters (1993)

The need for direct methods of measuring the absorbed dose in vivo increases for systemic radiation therapy, and in more sophisticated methodologies developed for radioimmunotherapy. One method suggested is the use of mini-thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). Recent reports indicate a marked loss of signal when the dosimeters are used in vivo. We investigated the exterior surface of the dosimeters with scanning electron microscopy and the interior dosimeter volume with computed microtomography. The results show that the dosimeters initially have crystals uniformly embedded in the teflon matrix, with some of them directly exposed to the environment. After incubation in gel, holes appear in the dosimeter matrix where the crystals should have been. The computed microtomographic images show that crystals remain in the interior of the matrix, producing the remaining signal. We conclude that these dosimeters should be very carefully handled, and for practical use of mini-TLDs in vivo the dosimeters should be calibrated in equivalent milieus. An alternative solution to the problem of decreased TL efficiency, would be to coat the dosimeters with a thin layer, of Teflon, or other suitable material.
X-ray Brillouin scattering and electrical measurements of acoustoelectric gain and lattice attenuation in semidegenerate <i>n</i>-GaAs (1978)

Combined x-ray Brillouin scattering and electrical measurements were used to study acoustoelectric interactions in semidegenerate n-GaAs at 100 K. The measurements provided the frequency dependence of the lattice-loss parameter and a set of data for the acoustoelectric gain parameter for the [110] fast transverse acoustic wave in the range of frequencies of tens of GHz. The lattice-loss parameter was found to follow an ω1.1–1.3 dependence which is close to the linear dependence expected in the Landau-Rumer regime. The numerical values of the experimental lattice attenuation could not be approached by the usual approximations in this regime, a fact that stresses the need for a more complete calculation of this parameter in the hypersonic regime. Comparison of the experimental small-signal spectra and the acoustoelectric parameters with their theoretical predictions show that although quite good agreement is obtained in narrow frequency ranges for each concentration, discrepancies are noted in the high-frequency regime. These discrepancies are smaller when the spectra are calculated according to Mosekilde’s quantum theory which takes into account carrier degeneracy. They are exceedingly higher when the semiclassical theory, based on Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, is used. Although the studies in this paper were mostly confined to the small-signal regime, some results obtained in the large-signal regime are also presented. In this regime, the structure of the acoustic spectra exhibit the up- and down-conversion to high harmonics and subharmonics of the central amplified frequencies. The saturated spectra which could be measured only in several cases were broad, had no pronounced structure, and their maxima were downshifted from the small-signal peak frequency by only 30%.
Collision Tolerant Packet Scheduling for Underwater Acoustic Localization (2014)

This article considers the joint problem of packet scheduling and self-localization in an underwater acoustic sensor network where sensor nodes are distributed randomly in an operating area. In terms of packet scheduling, our goal is to minimize the localization time, and to do so we consider two packet transmission schemes, namely a collision-free scheme (CFS), and a collision-tolerant scheme (CTS). The required localization time is formulated for these schemes, and through analytical results and numerical examples their performances are shown to be generally comparable. However, when the packet duration is short (as is the case for a localization packet), and the operating area is large (above 3km in at least one dimension), the collision-tolerant scheme requires a smaller localization time than the collision-free scheme. After gathering enough measurements, an iterative Gauss-Newton algorithm is employed by each sensor node for self-localization, and the Cramer Rao lower bound is evaluated as a benchmark. Although CTS consumes more energy for packet transmission, it provides a better localization accuracy. Additionally, in this scheme the anchor nodes work independently of each other, and can operate asynchronously which leads to a simplified implementation.
Perfect reconstruction FIR filter banks: some properties and factorizations (1989)

Perfect reconstruction finite impulse-response (FIR) filter banks are analyzed both in the z-transform and time domains, showing the alternatives between designs in the two domains. Various classes of perfect reconstruction schemes are indicated, and relations between previously known systems are given. Windowed modulated filter banks with low computational complexity and perfect reconstruction are shown. New factorizations of polyphase filter matrices leading in particular to linear-phase filters, are given. The computational complexity and the architecture of the new structures are indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Regulation of α-Globin mRNA Stability (2003)

mRNA stability is a critical determinant of normal red blood cell development and function. The long half-life of globin mRNA is central to the continued synthesis of globin proteins throughout all stages of erythropoiesis, even as the cells undergo programmed transcriptional arrest during terminal differentiation. Studies of a naturally occurring alpha-thalassemic mutation that triggers marked destabilization of alpha-globin mRNA first led investigators to search for a stability determinant in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR). Analysis of this region identified three cytosine-rich (C-rich) segments that contributed to alpha-globin mRNA stability when studied in transfected erythroid cells. Subsequently, in vitro studies demonstrated assembly of a sequence-specific ribonucleic-protein (RNP) complex at this site. Mutations in the 3'UTR that blocked formation of this "alpha-complex" in vitro resulted in a parallel destabilization of alpha-globin mRNA in transfected cells. Members of the alpha-globin poly(C)-binding protein (alphaCP) subfamily of heteronuclear (hn) RNP K homology (KH) domain RNA-binding proteins have been identified as essential protein components of the alpha-complex. In vitro studies suggested that additional proteins may also contribute to alpha-complex structure and/or function. Surveys of additional highly stable mRNAs point to a general function for the alpha-complex in mRNA stabilization. In vitro and in vivo analyses indicated that the alpha-complex stabilizes alpha-globin mRNA by two mechanisms: control of 3'-terminal deadenylation and steric protection of an endoribonuclease-sensitive site. Confirmation of these pathways, determination of their relative importance, and generalization of these findings to additional systems await future studies.
Oxygen vacancy migration and time-dependent leakage current behavior of Ba0.3Sr0.7TiO3 thin films (2005)

The leakage current response of high-permittivity columnar-grown (Ba,Sr)TiO3 thin films has been studied at elevated temperatures under dc load. We observe a thermally activated current prior to the onset of the resistance degradation with an activation energy of EA=1.1eV. A point defect model is applied to calculate the migration of electronic and ionic defects under the dc field as well as the current response of the system. We find that the peak in current is not caused by a space-charge-limited transient of oxygen vacancies, but related to a modulation of the electronic conductivity upon oxygen vacancy redistribution. Furthermore, we show that after the redistribution of electronic and ionic defects, no further increase in conductivity takes place in the simulation.
Landesprojekt „CollabFuL“ konzipiert verschlüsseltes Sync&Share (2015)

Sync&Share-Dienste unterstutzen die einfache Zusammenarbeit in Forschung und Lehre, erfordern allerdings oftmals die Weitergabe sensibler Daten an Dritte. Im Rahmen des Landesprojekts „CollabFuL – Sichere soziale Kollaboration fur Forschung und Lehre“ werden die Anforderungen an einen kryptographisch gesicherten Sync&Share-Dienst untersucht sowie dessen Umsetzung konzipiert.
Scandium-catalyzed copolymerization of myrcene with ethylene and propylene: convenient syntheses of versatile functionalized polyolefins (2018)

A novel family of myrcene-based polyolefins and functionalized polyolefins was prepared by the copolymerization of myrcene with ethylene and propylene catalyzed by half-sandwich scandium complexes.
Study of the Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectra of branched polysaccharides. (1980)

Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectra of glycogen and starch were recorded over the range of 4000 - 50 cm-1, and the observed bands were correlated with the vibrational modes. It was shown that the spectral regions within 1050 - 970 cm-1 and 900 - 780 cm-1, where the specific Raman scattering and infrared bands of solvated hydroxyl groups and glucosidic linkages are found, can be applied successfully in the studies on the conformation and structure of branched polysaccharides.
Luminescent Properties of Thiogallate Phosphors (1972)

The cathodoluminescence emission and decay properties of phosphors were investigated to determine their suitability for use in flying spot cathode ray tubes. The thiogallate phosphors exhibit radiant efficiencies as high as 7.0% and their fluorescence decays to 1% of initial brightness in 1.3–1.55 µsec. Strontium thiogallate phosphors with decay times as short as 0.6 µsec were obtained by compositional modifications. Maintenance measurements indicate that is more stable in CRT applications than .
Whole genome amplification using single‐primer PCR (2008)

Comprehensive genomic molecular analyses require relatively large DNA amounts that are often not available from forensic, clinical and other crucial biological samples. Numerous methods to amplify the whole genome have been proposed for cancer, forensic and taxonomic research. Unfortunately, when using truly random primers for the initial priming step, all of these procedures suffer from high background problems for sub-nanogram quantities of input DNA. Here we report an approach to eliminate this problem for PCR-based methods even at levels of DNA approaching that of a single cell.
Effect of electron irradiation on the 3C-4H transformation in a Co-Fe alloy (1996)

In general, irradiation of materials by high energy electrons, protons or neutrons has been shown to stabilize the existing microstructure against subsequent martensitic transformation. Alloys which have been studied include the binary intermediate phases NiTi and Ni 63 Al 37 and ternary phases between Cu 37,5 Al 62.5 and CU 63.6 Al 36.4 as well as the intermetallic Cu 69.01 Al 17.92 Zn 12.17 . In these materials, the martensitic transformations are known to be sensitive to small changes in chemical composition and to the degree of long range order. In addition, one should expect the kinetics of martensitic transformations to be sensitive to other forms of structural damage introduced during irradiation also. This spectrum of irradiation-induced phenomena renders the interpretation of results in studies of such concentrated binary and ternary phases rather complicated, therefore. We present here the preliminary results of a study of the effect of electron irradiation on the character of the martensitic transformation in a relatively dilute terminal solid solution of Co+5.75 wt pet Fe, similar in composition to that employed for studies of the transformation mechanism itself.
High-Speed Digital Switching Technology Using Space-Division-Switch LSI's (1986)

NTT is planning a high-speed broad-band switching network that offers high-speed digital and 4 MHz video services. This paper discusses the hardware design of the high-speed space-division digital switching network and requirements for a switch LSI. In addition, the design and measured performance of a 32 × 32 CMOS space-division-switch LSI are described. In this network, video signals are converted into 32 Mbit/s digital signals by band-compression technology. In order to switch such digital signals, space-division switches are more advantageous than time-division switches. This is because time-division switches cannot multiplex many channels at that bit rate. Furthermore, the use of the space-division-switch LSI is the most effective way to miniaturize the switching system.
Characterization of SOI MOSFETs by gate capacitance measurements (2002)

A technique to extract the film thickness of silicon on insulator (SOI) MOSFETs from gate capacitance measurements on very large devices is validated through a detailed study including 2D numerical AC device simulations. A new extraction formula is developed. It enhances the precision of the method and extends its applicability to smaller channel lengths, and hence conventional test transistors. An original method unique to SOI MOSFETs is proposed to extract simultaneously the effective gate length and gate oxide and film thicknesses from a set of C-V measurements on transistors of varying lengths. The capabilities of the gate capacitance technique for extracting the physical strong inversion threshold voltage and the film doping level of SOI MOSFETs are demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Multiple myeloma: present and future (2002)

Multiple myeloma is a clonal B-cell tumor of slowly proliferating plasma cells within the bone marrow. Among hematologic malignancies, it constitutes 10% of the cancers and ranks as the second most frequently occurring hematologic cancer in the United States, after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Interleukin-6 is an important cytokine in myeloma cell growth and proliferation. Close cell-to-cell contact between myeloma cells and the bone marrow stromal cells triggers a large amount of interleukin-6 production, which supports the growth of these cells, as well as protecting them from apoptosis induced by dexamethasone and other chemotherapeutic agents. Therapies modulating the tumor and its microenvironment are being actively pursued with the goal of converting multiple myeloma to a chronic disease with the patients maintaining a normal lifestyle.
Priority scheduling in switched industrial ethernet (2005)

Switched Ethernet is increasingly advocated as a solution for industrial communication. One typical requirement in such fields is the need to guarantee deterministic transfer delay for cyclic control data, but traditional Ethernet communication does not provide priority feature for industrial data transfer. To address this problem, the IEEE 802.1p queuing feature is introduced into both Ethernet switches and communication nodes to give real-time data, especially cyclic control data the priority to access network resources. On the other hand, it is necessary to provide different priority services for real-time data with different urgencies, so EDF (earliest deadline first) queuing is also introduced to real-time data queues to provide this feature. Finally the effectiveness of these priority-scheduling methods is verified by a network simulation using OPNET modeler.
AIDS soap opera generates massive interest. Eye witness: Cote d'Ivoire. (1995)

SIDA Dans La Cite (AIDS in the City) is a popular weekly soap opera first broadcast in Cote d'Ivoire in 1991 with 11 15-minute episodes. The series is part of a campaign by Population Services International (PSI) to raise awareness about AIDS among Ivorian youth. Actors worked for a nominal fee, editing studios were provided at substantial discounts, and filming equipment was borrowed for next to nothing. Production director realized how important the soap opera had become after the fourth episode. A study of 700 households in Abidjan found that of the 75% who had access to a television, two-thirds had seen at least one episode. Cote d'Ivoire may be one of the most religiously conservative countries in Africa. 10% of the adult population, however, is infected with HIV. All sectors of society therefore understand the need to openly understand and discuss sexual issues in the context of such high HIV prevalence. Studies indicate that virtually everyone in Cote d'Ivoire has heard of AIDS and knows that it is a sexually transmitted disease, but persuading people to change their behavior is difficult. PSI sells approximately 750,000 of its subsidized Prudence condoms. Prudence has the same brand recognition in the country as Nescafe and Toyota. A recent survey of sexually active teens found that 30% of girls and 45% of boys used condoms. A weekly radio show is broadcast live from one of the poorest ghettos of Abidjan. Guests include popular singers, comedians, and television personalities. The actors are often from SIDA Dans La Cite.
CD8+ T Cells Are Required for Inflammation and Destruction in Cigarette Smoke-Induced Emphysema in Mice (2007)

Increased numbers of T lymphocytes are observed in the lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but their role in the disease process is not known. We investigated the role of CD8+ T cells in inflammatory cell recruitment and lung destruction in a cigarette smoke-induced murine model of emphysema. In contrast to wild-type C57BL/6J mice that displayed macrophage, lymphocyte, and neutrophil recruitment to the lung followed by emphysema in response to cigarette smoke, CD8+ T cell-deficient (CD8-/-) mice had a blunted inflammatory response and did not develop emphysema when exposed to long-term cigarette smoke. Further studies supported a pathogenetic pathway whereby the CD8+ T cell product, IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10, induces production of macrophage elastase (matrix metalloproteinase 12) that degrades elastin, both causing lung destruction directly and generating elastin fragments that serve as monocyte chemokines augmenting macrophage-mediated lung destruction. These studies demonstrate a requirement for CD8+ T cells for the development of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and they provide a unifying pathway whereby CD8+ T cells are a central regulator of the inflammatory network in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Characterization of Dynamic Self-Heating in GaN HEMTs Using Gate Resistance Measurement (2016)

This letter reports on a new method for the characterization of transistors transient self-heating based on gate end-to-end resistance measurement. An alternative power signal is injected to the device output (between drain and source) at constant gate-to-source voltage. The dependence of gate resistance with temperature is used to extract the thermal impedance of the device in frequency domain via electrical measurement. This new method is validated on common-gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors on Si substrate under different experimental conditions, which demonstrates its potential to provide complete dynamic self-heating models for power transistors.
Generation of multiband 1-ns pulses in CO2 lasers (1974)

A technique of generating 1-ns pulses of CO2 laser radiation using a CdTe electro-optic gate driven by a laser-triggered Blumlein structure is described. By the use of intercavity absorbers, simultaneous output is obtained on multiple rotational lines of both the 9.4- and 10.4-μm vibrational bands.
Studies on the aminoxyalanine methyl ester and its α-<i>N</i>-acetyl derivative (1970)

The ability of the aminoxyalanine methyl ester and its α-N-acetyl derivative to promote the hydrolysis of cinnamoylimidazole was found to increase with time. The time-dependent increase in the activity could not be explained on the basis of the hydrolysis of the functional groups or the cyclization to yield the parent isoxazolidone ring. The formation of an active derivative in the solutions of these compounds is suggested.
Inferring transcription factor complexes from ChIP-seq data (2011)

Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) allows researchers to determine the genome-wide binding locations of individual transcription factors (TFs) at high resolution. This information can be interrogated to study various aspects of TF behaviour, including the mechanisms that control TF binding. Physical interaction between TFs comprises one important aspect of TF binding in eukaryotes, mediating tissue-specific gene expression. We have developed an algorithm, spaced motif analysis (SpaMo), which is able to infer physical interactions between the given TF and TFs bound at neighbouring sites at the DNA interface. The algorithm predicts TF interactions in half of the ChIP-seq data sets we test, with the majority of these predictions supported by direct evidence from the literature or evidence of homodimerization. High resolution motif spacing information obtained by this method can facilitate an improved understanding of individual TF complex structures. SpaMo can assist researchers in extracting maximum information relating to binding mechanisms from their TF ChIP-seq data. SpaMo is available for download and interactive use as part of the MEME Suite (http://meme.nbcr.net).
Polymorphisms of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (<i>LRP5</i>) gene are associated with obesity phenotypes in a large family-based association study (2006)

Intronic variants of the LRP5 gene are markedly associated with obesity. We hypothesise that such an association may be due to the role of LRP5 in the WNT signalling pathway or lipid metabolism. Further functional studies are needed to elucidate the exact molecular mechanism underlying our finding.
A Framework for Dynamic Multi-layer Resource Allocation and Optimization in Application-Centric Networking (2017)

In an SDN-based network, connection requests can be accommodated according to application requirements. We devise a framework where such requirements drive IP and optical network resource allocation, dynamic optimization, and instantiation through an SDN orchestrator.