gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feature selection for text categorization on imbalanced data (2004)

A number of feature selection metrics have been explored in text categorization, among which information gain (IG), chi-square (CHI), correlation coefficient (CC) and odds ratios (OR) are considered most effective. CC and OR are one-sided metrics while IG and CHI are two-sided. Feature selection using one-sided metrics selects the features most indicative of membership only, while feature selection using two-sided metrics implicitly combines the features most indicative of membership (e.g. positive features) and non-membership (e.g. negative features) by ignoring the signs of features. The former never consider the negative features, which are quite valuable, while the latter cannot ensure the optimal combination of the two kinds of features especially on imbalanced data. In this work, we investigate the usefulness of explicit control of that combination within a proposed feature selection framework. Using multinomial naïve Bayes and regularized logistic regression as classifiers, our experiments show both great potential and actual merits of explicitly combining positive and negative features in a nearly optimal fashion according to the imbalanced data.
Platelet deposition at angioplasty sites and its relation to restenosis in human iliac and femoropopliteal arteries. (1989)

The amount and time course of platelet accumulation at angioplasty sites and influence of these platelets on restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in peripheral arteries were determined in 92 patients, who received either a high or low dose of aspirin. Platelet deposition was quantitated by means of dual-radiotracer scintigraphy and calculation of a platelet accumulation index (PAI). The PAI was higher (P less than .05) 4-6 hours after PTA compared with that on subsequent days. There was a trend toward greater platelet accumulation in vessels with extensive dissection. Platelet accumulation at the PTA site occurred with both doses of aspirin, with no differences between the two dosage groups. Twenty-one of 67 patients who underwent PTA in the femoropopliteal segment developed restenosis during a median follow-up of 14 months. The median PAI at 4-6 and 22-24 hours after PTA was significantly less in these 21 patients than in the 46 without restenosis. The data suggest that use of antiplatelet agents to prevent platelet deposition after PTA may not be useful for prevention of restenosis.
Optical coherence tomography of skin for measurement of epidermal thickness by shapelet-based image analysis (2004)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a non-invasive method for in-vivo imaging of sub-surface skin tissue. Many skin features such as sweat glands and blisters are clearly observable in OCT images. It seems therefore probable that OCT could be used for the detection and identification of lesions and skin cancers. These applications, however, have not been well developed. One area in dermatology where OCT has been applied is the measurement of epidermal thickness. OCT images are inherently noisy and measurements based on them require intensive manual processing. A robust method to automatically detect and measure features of interest is necessary to enable routine application of OCT. As a first step, we approach the seemingly straightforward problem of measuring epidermal thickness. In this paper we describe a novel shapelet-based image processing technique for the automatic identification of the upper and lower boundaries of the epidermis in living human skin tissue. These boundaries are used to measure epidermal thickness. To our knowledge, this is the first report of automated feature identification and measurement from OCT images of skin.
A mechanism for matching application message generation with wireless network performance (2002)

Because of the modular layered architecture approach to network design, the application layer is isolated from the characteristics of the physical network. This isolation causes the application layer to blindly construct packets for transmission without regard to the likelihood that these packets will be received in a timely and reliable manner at the destination node. With this type of a system, a potentially unstable condition, in which queues grow without bound, can be avoided by adding a control loop with a feedback characteristic that provides metrics on the wireless network. In any actual implementation, queue buffers are limited in size so the queues can not grow without bound. In wireless systems, the network access delays can be rather pronounced. In such a system, knowledge of this metric can allow the application layer to adapt its message production rate to match the consumption rate of the network. This paper presents a mechanism that provides feedback of channel access metric from the data link layer to the application layer. The mechanism provides a means to exchange this information without affecting the network and transport layers of the stack. This shift from the traditional layered network architecture; while loosing some modularity and encapsulation of the stack layers, gains us more efficient use of the physical media.
Slow‐Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in a Patient with Focal Cortical Dysplasia (2000)

SF-rTMS was safe and well tolerated in this patient. The reduction in seizures and interictal spikes associated with SF-rTMS supports the concept of SF-rTMS-induced cortical inhibition.
Histone γH2AX and Poly(ADP-Ribose) as Clinical Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers (2010)

Tumor cells are often deficient in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, and anticancer therapies are commonly based on genotoxic treatments using radiation and/or drugs that damage DNA directly or interfere with DNA metabolism, leading to the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), and ultimately to cell death. Because DSBs induce the phosphorylation of histone H2AX (γH2AX) in the chromatin flanking the break site, an antibody directed against γH2AX can be employed to measure DNA damage levels before and after patient treatment. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP1 and PARP2) are also activated by DNA damage, and PARP inhibitors show promising activity in cancers with defective homologous recombination (HR) pathways for DSB repair. Ongoing clinical trials are testing combinations of PARP inhibitors with DNA damaging agents. Poly(ADP-ribosylation), abbreviated as PAR, can be measured in clinical samples and used to determine the efficiency of PARP inhibitors. This review summarizes the roles of γH2AX and PAR in the DDR, and their use as biomarkers to monitor drug response and guide clinical trials, especially phase 0 clinical trials. We also discuss the choices of relevant samples for γH2AX and PAR analyses.
Round Window Electrocochleography and Speech Perception Outcomes in Adult Cochlear Implant Subjects (2014)

The measurement of cochlear physiology before CI, reduced to a single variable, is a better predictor of postoperative speech perception than common clinical factors. Additional analysis of the outliers showed that waveform morphology can provide distinct information in individual cases.
Using hpm-sampling to drive dynamic compilation (2007)

All high-performance production JVMs employ an adaptive strategy for program execution. Methods are first executed unoptimized and then an online profiling mechanism is used to find a subset of methods that should be optimized during the same execution. This paper empirically evaluates the design space of several profilers for initiating dynamic compilation and shows that existing online profiling schemes suffer from several limitations. They provide an insufficient number of samples, are untimely, and have limited accuracy at determining the frequently executed methods. We describe and comprehensively evaluate HPM-sampling, a simple but effective profiling scheme for finding optimization candidates using hardware performance monitors (HPMs) that addresses the aforementioned limitations. We show that HPM-sampling is more accurate; has low overhead; and improves performance by 5.7% on average and up to 18.3% when compared to the default system in Jikes RVM, without changing the compiler.
Coupling between osteogenesis and angiogenesis (2008)

Recent progresses clear show that osteogenesis, which requires a coupling between angiogenesis and osteogenesis, is not a cell autonomous process. The new findings suggest that pericytes, arising from a vessel‐associated stem cell progenitor, represent an osteoprogenitor capable of bone formation in a “right” microenvironment. Second, hypoxia environment where bone cells are located greatly affect osteogenesis. Recent studies showed that hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), a transcriptional regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, represents rate‐limiting components of osteogenic‐angiogenic coupling and trabecular bone formation. Last but not the least, the bone does not have a lymphatic system to transport the excessive fluid back to the circulation system. Our studies using a scanning electronic microscope combining with a resin‐casted‐acid etching method reveal that the entire blood vessel system in bone, including arterioles, venules and capillaries are connected with dendritic osteocytes. We propose that osteo‐canalicular system, in addition to its mechanical function, may play a role in facilitating fluid flow back to circulation system. (This work is partially supported by NIH grants: AR51587 and DE 016977).
Marker of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes of man recognized by two monoclonal antibodies VEP8 and VEP9 involves the trisaccharide 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyllactosamine (1983)

Two hybridoma antibodies (VEP8 and VEP9) raised against the promyelomonocytic leukemia cell line HL60 have previously been shown to distinguish human granulocytes and monocytes from other cells of the peripheral blood. We report here that both antibodies recognize the carbohydrate structure 3-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine with the following sequence: (formula; see text) This structure is the same as that recognized by a hybridoma antibody against mouse teratocarcinoma cells (anti-SSEA-1) which recognizes an early embryonic antigen in the mouse. Until recently this carbohydrate structure was considered to be rare among glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids. However, there is a growing list of human and animal glycoproteins in which this sequence has been detected by chemical and immunochemical methods. In this article we survey this information and discuss how this and other carbohydrate structures behave as differentiation- or tumor-associated antigens.
The tumor‐draining lymph node as an immune‐privileged site (2006)

Lymph nodes that lie immediately downstream of tumors [tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs)] undergo profound alterations due to the presence of the upstream tumor. The antigen-presenting cell population in TDLNs becomes modified such that tumor-derived antigens are cross-presented by host cells in a tolerizing fashion. In addition, the number and suppressor activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) are increased in the TDLN. Emerging evidence suggests that some of these Tregs may be generated de novo against specific tumor-derived antigens, and thus they arise as a direct consequence of antigen presentation in the TDLN. Others may represent Tregs against self-antigens, which undergo preferential activation in the tolerogenic milieu of the TDLN. The TDLN thus becomes an anatomic context in which presentation of new antigens not only fails to elicit a protective immune response but also actively creates systemic tolerance. In this regard, the TDLN displays features analogous to classical immune privilege. Accumulating evidence thus suggests that the TDLNs, although small in size, may exert a profound tolerizing influence on the rest of the immune system. These mechanisms will need to be interrupted in order for clinical anti-tumor immunotherapy to be successful.
Six degrees of freedom CBCT‐based positioning for intracranial targets treated with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (2012)

Frameless radiosurgery is an attractive alternative to the framed procedure if it can be performed with comparable precision in a reasonable time frame. Here, we present a positioning approach for frameless radiosurgery based on in-room volumetric imaging coupled with an advanced six-degrees-of-freedom (6 DOF) image registration technique which avoids use of a bite block. Patient motion is restricted with a custom thermoplastic mask. Accurate positioning is achieved by registering a cone-beam CT to the planning CT scan and applying all translational and rotational shifts using a custom couch mount. System accuracy was initially verified on an anthropomorphic phantom. Isocenters of delineated targets in the phantom were computed and aligned by our system with an average accuracy of 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm in the lateral, vertical, and longitudinal directions, respectively. The accuracy in the rotational directions was 0.1°, 0.2°, and 0.1° in the pitch, roll, and yaw, respectively. An additional test was performed using the phantom in which known shifts were introduced. Misalignments up to 10 mm and 3° in all directions/rotations were introduced in our phantom and recovered to an ideal alignment within 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm in the lateral, vertical, and longitudinal directions, respectively, and within 0.3° in any rotational axis. These values are less than couch motion precision. Our first 28 patients with 38 targets treated over 63 fractions are analyzed in the patient positioning phase of the study. Mean error in the shifts predicted by the system were less than 0.5 mm in any translational direction and less than 0.3° in any rotation, as assessed by a confirmation CBCT scan. We conclude that accurate and efficient frameless radiosurgery positioning is achievable without the need for a bite block by using our 6DOF registration method. This system is inexpensive compared to a couch-based 6 DOF system, improves patient comfort compared to systems that utilize a bite block, and is ideal for the treatment of pediatric patients with or without general anesthesia, as well as of patients with dental issues. From this study, it is clear that only adjusting for 4 DOF may, in some cases, lead to significant compromise in PTV coverage. Since performing the additional match with 6 DOF in our registration system only adds a relatively short amount of time to the overall process, we advocate making the precise match in all cases.
Syncytium-forming virus of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) (1981)

This communication describes the isolation and characterization of a new syncytium-forming virus of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus jacchus). The virus, isolated from skin explants and peripheral leukocytes of healthy animals, induced syncytia and subsequent cytolysis of several human, simian, and rodent fibroblastic cultures and induced a carrier state in mixed fibroblastic-epithelial or epithelial cell lines. Cytoplasmic and nuclear viral antigen was demonstrated in infected cells by indirect immunofluorescence tests using serum obtained from persistently infected common marmosets. Abundant virus particles were detected within cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum of lytically infected cells by electron microscopy. The virus incorporated [3H]uridine, banded at a density of 1.14 to 1.16 g/cm3 in sucrose, and possessed ribonucleic acid-dependent deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. No antigenic cross-reactivity was detected between the marmoset virus and simian foamy virus serotypes 1 to 8 in neutralization and immunofluorescence assays. A seroepidemiological survey of a marmoset colony revealed that 53.5% of common marmosets contained antibodies against the virus, whereas other species of marmosets maintained in the same colony remained free of antibodies.
Compressive sensing based overhead reduction scheme in multi-antenna downlink management (2013)

Recent researches show that the technique of compressed sensing could be used for channel estimation and simultaneously identify the set of self-selecting users who has joined in the channel in a multiple-input multiple-output downlink resource sharing scenario. Meanwhile, it enables the transmitter to obtain channel state information (CSI) with acceptable accuracy yet significantly reduced uplink feedback overhead. In this article, by considering the properties of measurement matrix in compressed sensing, we present and compare several different types of identity sequences (IDS) (e.g., sequences generated by Hadamard matrix or Bernoulli process), with which the system can achieve superior estimation performance with fewer number of sequences. Consequently, the system with these new IDS could contribute to further minimize the uplink feedback resource cost. Simulations show that the adoption of the new identity sequence proves to be fruitful in terms of mean squared error, and much energy can be saved compared with primitive sequences.
A 180-stage integrated thin-film scan generator (1966)

Experimental models of a 180-stage, thin-film scan generator suitable for digital scanning of an array of elements have been produced by evaporation of all components upon a glass substrate. The generator is a modified shift register, comprising 360-thin-film transistors (CdSe TFT's), 180 field-effect diodes, 360 resistors, and 180 capacitors. Output voltage pulses of two to four volts are obtained, with clock frequencies ranging from 12 kc/s up to 2 Mc/s. The complete circuit, including all active and passive elements, was deposited during one pump-down of the vacuum system. A wire grill having 480 wires per inch was used in combination with movable masks to define the patterns. Reproducibility of fabrication under laboratory conditions has been excellent. Seven out of eighteen recent experimental units were operable throughout all 180 stages. Units have been operated continuously on life test for more than 5000 hours at 85°C without failure of any stages. Successful operation of the entire generator requires all 1080 thin-film components to be free of short circuits and have operating characteristics within the range of tolerance of the circuit.
PHOSPHORYLATION OF LIVER HISTONE FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF GLUCAGON AND INSULIN (1969)

The administration of glucagon to rats causes a marked increase in the phosphorylation of a specific serine residue in lysine-rich (f1) histone of liver during a one-hour period following the administration of the hormone. It is proposed that histone phosphorylation is the mechanism by which glucagon, and perhaps other hormones whose actions are mediated by adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate (cyclic AMP), induce RNA synthesis in target tissues. The incorporation of (32)P-phosphate into lysine-rich histone is determined by isolation of a tryptic peptide which contains the phosphorylated serine residue. This peptide is identical to the major tryptic phosphopeptide obtained from lysine-rich histone after phosphorylation in vitro by a purified cyclic AMP-dependent liver histone kinase preparation; the partial sequence Lys-Ala-SerPO(4)(Thr,Ser,Glu,Pro(2),Gly,Val,Ile,Leu)Lys has been determined for the peptide. Hydrocortisone and adrenocorticotrophic hormone do not cause a detectable increase in histone phosphorylation in liver. However, insulin, which like glucagon induces an actinomycin sensitive synthesis of liver enzymes, also causes increased histone phosphorylation.
Factors Affecting Drug Stability (1964)

Journal Article Factors Affecting Drug Stability Get access T. D. Whittet, Ph.D. T. D. Whittet, Ph.D. Group Chief Pharmacist and Lecturer in Pharmacy University College Hospital and Medical School, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 21, Issue 10, 1 October 1964, Pages 438–453, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/21.10.438 Published: 01 October 1964
Korszerű mérnöki anyagok kutatásának nanotechnológiai aspektusai (2016)

In this paper, selected research results are summarized from the recent works of the author and his co-workers at the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice. The main objective of this selection was to briefly introduce some of the main research topics in the field of nanomaterials and nanotechnology with special emphasis on structural and phase transformation examples. The opportunity for this kind of comprehensive research summary was provided by awarding Prof. Dobrzanski with the Honorary Degree of Doctor Honoris Causa at the University of Miskolc, on 24th July 2016. The author dedicates this paper to the Authorities and Academic Community of this distinguished University having long traditions dating back more than 280 years.
Enhancing a production rule engine with predictive models using pmml (2011)

In this paper we describe how the Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML) standard enhances the JBoss Drools production rule engine with native support for using predictive models in business rules. The historic debate between symbolic and connectionist approaches to rule/model orchestration provides numerous examples of hybrid systems combining "hard" and "soft" computing techniques to achieve different levels of integration. Rules are often used to decide when and which model to invoke; model outputs, in turn, can be used to evaluate the preconditions of a rule. In a loosely coupled system, the rule engine calls an external component implementing the predictive model, but this has several disadvantages, most notably the need to setup proper communications and reconcile any difference in the way the components encode the data. We propose instead, a tightly integrated system where predictive models and rules become part of the same reasoning framework. The models, encoded using the PMML 4 standard, are loaded and processed by a compiler implemented using the rule engine itself. The PMML document is transformed into a set of facts that define the model, and a series of rules that formalize the model's behavior. In addition, most PMML data processing, validation, and transformation procedures are also implemented using auto-generated rules. Finally, in oder to integrate model inputs and outputs seamlessly in the inference process, we exploit an extension of the Drools engine which adds native support for uncertainty and/or fuzziness.
Information on currents in the Cape Peninsula area, South Africa (1987)

Statistical information and some interpretative detail, based on currents measured at 28 mooring sites between Cape Point and Yzerfontein since 1981, are presented. The most striking feature is the continual presence of wavelike reversals of current close to the coast and in deeper water offshore. These currents have a periodicity of 3–4 days and exhibit a net poleward transport. The energy at these frequencies is greater than that at tidal frequencies and dominates the flow. The observation of equatorward flow over the 230-m contour confirms the presence of a jet there, identified previously by drogue tracks and current profiling studies.