gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast collision detection among multiple moving spheres (1997)

This paper presents an event-driven approach that efficiently detects collisions among multiple moving spheres of uniform radhs. We divide the space containing the spheres into uniform subspaces of cell structure. Each sphere intersecting a subspace is teated against the others intersecting the same subspace for possible collisions. We identify three types of events to detect the sequence of all collisions during our simulation: collision, entering, and leaving. The first type of events is due to actual collisions, and the other two types occur when spheres move from subspace to subspace. By tracing all such events in the order of their occuring times, we are able to simulate n moving spheres with proper collision response [l, 5, 10] in O(rzc log n + n. log n) time with O(n) space after O(n log n) time preprocessing, where n= and ne are the number of actual collisions and that of entering and Ieaving events during the simulation, respectively. Since n, depends on the size of subspaces, we adopt the collision model from kinetic theory for molecular gas[3] to determine the subspace size that minimizes simulation time. Experimental re.dts show that collision detection can be done in linear time in n over a large range.
<sup>99m</sup>Tc-Labeled Neuropeptide Y Analogues as Potential Tumor Imaging Agents (2001)

The possible use of neuropeptide Y (NPY) as a novel radiopeptide has been investigated. NPY is a 36-amino acid peptide of the pancreatic polypeptide family, which is expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system, and is one of the most abundant neuropeptides in the brain. Its receptors are produced in a number of neuroblastoma and the thereof derived cell lines. As structure-activity relationships of NPY are well-known, we could assume where a radionuclide might be introduced without affecting receptor affinity. We applied the novel [99mTc(OH2)3(CO)3]+ aqua complex and PADA (2-picolylamine-N,N-diacetic acid) as bifunctional chelating agent. The peptides were synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis, and PADA was coupled to the side chain of Lys4 of the resin-bound peptide. Upon postlabeling of [K4(PADA)]-NPY, 99mTc(CO)3 did not only bind to the desired PADA, but presumably as well to the His in position 26. Since the replacement of His26 by Ala only slightly decreased binding affinity, [K4(PADA),A26]-NPY was specifically postlabeled, and the 185Re surrogate maintained high binding affinity. Furthermore, the prelabeling approach has been applied for the centrally truncated analogue [Ahx5-24]-NPY, which is highly selective for the Y2 receptor. The resulting Ac-[Ahx5-24,K4(99mTc(CO)3-PADA)]-NPY was produced with a yield of only 16%. Therefore, postlabeling was applied for the short analogue as well, again substituting His26 by Ala. Competitive binding assays using (185)Re as a surrogate for 99mTc showed high binding affinity of Ac-[Ahx5-24,K4(185Re(CO)3-PADA),A26]-NPY. Internalization studies with the corresponding 99mTc-labeled analogue revealed receptor-mediated internalization. Furthermore, biodistribution studies were performed in mice, and stability was tested in human plasma. Our centrally truncated analogue revealed a 6-fold increased stability compared to the natural peptide NPY. We conclude that Ac-[Ahx5-24,K4(99mTc(CO)3-PADA),A26]-NPY has promising characteristics for future applications in nuclear medicine.
Competition of two substrates for a single enzyme. A simple kinetic theorem exemplified by a hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase reaction (1969)

1. If two compounds are substrates for a single enzyme, and do not form any ternary complex with the enzyme or combine directly with each other, then the total initial rate of reaction for a mixture of the two compounds may be greater than the rate for either compound alone, or may lie between the rates for the compounds alone. It is the concentration of the compound with the higher maximum velocity that determines which applies, and there is one concentration of the compound of higher maximum velocity at which the total rate of reaction is independent of the presence or absence of the substrate of lower maximum velocity. The values concerned are derived. 2. An example is given of 5alpha-androstan-3-one and 5alpha-androstane-3,16-dione as substrates competing for a hydroxy steroid-NAD oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.53).
Approximations to complementary error function by method of least squares (1982)

A few simple approximations are derived for erfc (x) by method of least squares (MLS). The detailed error profiles are presented. It is shown how these approximations are useful in extracting the inverse of erfc(x). Finally a simple approximation with overall relative root mean square error (RRMS) of less than one percent is presented.
Differential projections of the infralimbic and prelimbic cortex in the rat (2003)

The medial prefrontal cortex has been associated with diverse functions including attentional processes, visceromotor activity, decision-making, goal-directed behavior, and working memory. The present report compares and contrasts projections from the infralimbic (IL) and prelimbic (PL) cortices in the rat by using the anterograde anatomical tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. With the exception of common projections to parts of the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex, olfactory forebrain, and midline thalamus, PL and IL distribute very differently throughout the brain. Main projection sites of IL are: 1) the lateral septum, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, medial and lateral preoptic nuclei, substantia innominata, and endopiriform nuclei of the basal forebrain; 2) the medial, basomedial, central, and cortical nuclei of amygdala; 3) the dorsomedial, lateral, perifornical, posterior, and supramammillary nuclei of hypothalamus; and 4) the parabrachial and solitary nuclei of the brainstem. By contrast, PL projects at best sparingly to each of these structures. Main projection sites of PL are: the agranular insular cortex, claustrum, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, the paraventricular, mediodorsal, and reuniens nuclei of thalamus, the capsular part of the central nucleus and the basolateral nucleus of amygdala, and the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the brainstem. As discussed herein, the pattern of IL projections is consistent with a role for IL in the control of visceral/autonomic activity homologous to the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex of primates, whereas those of PL are consistent with a role for PL in limbic-cognitive functions homologous to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of primates.
Irradiation creep due to the growth of interstitial loops (1973)

Abstract A rate theory of the growth of irradiation-produced interstitial loops in uniaxially stressed materials which also contain voids, coherent and/or incoherent precipitates and network dislocations is derived and the resulting creep behaviour is determined. Allowance is made for the preferential nucleation of loops oriented perpendicular to the stress axis and for the subsequent enhanced growth of these same loops. It is shown that the first of these mechanisms dominates and gives a creep rate which can be correlated with the volume swelling rate. The magnitude of the effect is shown to be consistent with the limited amount of available experimental data appropriate to the void-swelling temperature regime.
Server Scalability Using Kubernetes (2019)

An enterprise that has implemented virtualization can consolidate multiple servers into fewer host servers and get the benefits of reduced space, power, and administrative requirements. Sharing their hosts' operating system resources, containerization significantly reduces workloads, and is known as a lightweight virtualization. Kubernetes is commonly used to automatically deploy and scale application containers. The scalability of these application containers can be applied to Kubernetes with several supporting parameters. It is expected that the exploitation of scalability will improve performance and server response time to users without reducing server utility capabilities. This research focuses on applying the scalability in Kubernetes and evaluating its performance on overcoming the increasing number of concurrent users accessing academic data. This research employed 3 computers: one computer as the master node and two others as worker nodes. Simulations are performed by an application that generates multiple user behaviors accessing various microservice URLs. Two scenarios were designed to evaluate the CPU load on single and multiple servers.On multiple servers, the server scalability was enabled to serve the user requests. Implementation of scalability to the containers (on multiple servers) reduces the CPU usage pod due to the distribution of loads to containers that are scattered in many workers. Besides CPU load, this research also measured the server's response time in responding user requests. Response time on multiple servers takes longer time than that on single server due to the overhead delay of scaling containers.
A new TSV set architecture for high reliability (2013)

Recently, 3D IC design is a very attracting issue, and the importance of system reliability increases. This paper proposes a new reliable and repairable TSV set architecture. The proposed architecture supports the previous TSV repair scheme using TSV redundancies and provides a defect/error detection function reutilizing residual TSV redundancies for high reliability of 3D ICs. This can be applied to both online test and soft error detection/analysis. The results show that the proposed TSV set architecture guarantees high TSV redundancy efficiency and reliability. And, the results show that the proposed TSV architecture achieves defect/error coverages which are steady and predictable by a simple formula.
Phosphorylation of ectopically expressed L‐plastin enhances invasiveness of human melanoma cells (2007)

The leukocyte specific actin-binding protein L-plastin is aberrantly expressed in several nonhematopoetic malignant tumors. However, little is known about the functional consequences of L-plastin expression. Here, we investigated the function of L-plastin in human malignant melanoma cells. Knock-down of endogenous L-plastin by siRNA treatment reduced migration of the melanoma cell line IF6. However, in melanoma patients, no correlation existed between L-plastin expression and tumor stages. This implied that additional factors such as phosphorylation of L-plastin may influence its function in tumor cells. To investigate this further, EGFP-tagged wild-type L-plastin (wt-LPL-EGFP) and a mutated, nonphosphorylatable L-plastin protein (5A7A-LPL-EGFP), were expressed in the L-plastin negative melanoma cell line MV3. Biochemical analysis revealed that wt-LPL-EGFP is phosphorylated in MV3 cells while 5A7A-LPL-EGFP is not. Although both wt-LPL-EGFP and 5A7A-LPL-EGFP were targeted to, and promote the formation of, vinculin-containing adhesion sites, static adhesion to either Matrigel or isolated extracellular matrix molecules was neither influenced by expression of wt-LPL-EGFP nor by expression of 5A7A-LPL-EGFP when compared with EGFP expressing control cells. In contrast, haptotactic, but not chemotactic, migration of melanoma cells towards either Matrigel or isolated extracellular matrix molecules was similarly enhanced, if either 5A7A-LPL-EGFP or wt-LPL-EGFP were expressed in MV3 cells. Interestingly, only cells expressing the phosphorylatable wt-LPL-EGFP protein showed enhanced invasion into Matrigel. In line with these findings the in vivo metastatic capacity of mouse B16 melanoma cells correlates with expression and phosphorylation of L-plastin. These data show that an increase in melanoma cell invasiveness requires not only expression but also phosphorylation of L-plastin.
A device for the continuous indication of oxygen saturation of circulating blood in man (1942)

A device is described which gives a continuous indication of the oxygen saturation of the blood in the intact human subject by photoelectric measurement in two spectral regions of light transmitted through the pinna of the ear. The oxygen saturation of capillary blood in the warmed ear has been shown by Brinkman to correspond within 2 per cent to that of arterial blood; a close approximation to the arterial saturation is therefore obtainable.
Clear energy level shift in ultranarrow InGaAs/InP quantum well wires fabricated by reverse mesa chemical etching (1991)

We have fabricated ultranarrow InGaAs/InP buried quantum well wires by means of electron beam lithography and reverse mesa wet etching. Owing to the reverse mesa etching profile, the lateral dimension of the wires has been reduced to 10 nm. Furthermore, we investigated the optical characteristics of these wires by photoluminescence and observed, for the first time, clear dependence of luminescence wavelength upon the wire width even for wires down to 10 nm, which is well explained by the theoretical calculation. The blue-shifted shoulder structures were also observed and they were assigned theoretically to be the second quantized level.
Use of foreign intermediate inputs in developing countries : determinants and effects (2014)

Theory suggests a number of channels through which the use of foreign inputs can contribute to overall economic development and firm performance. However, empirical work on the use of foreign inputs, its determinants, and effects is lacking. Using firm level data from enterprise surveys (ES) on developing countries, this note highlights the extent to which firms rely on foreign inputs, how the reliance varies with country, and firm characteristics and the impact of foreign inputs on firm productivity. Results show that the use of foreign inputs is common among private firms and especially so among the relatively large firms and firms in countries that are smaller in size and have lower import costs. Foreign inputs also have a beneficial effect on firm productivity.
Structural Basis for Molecular Discrimination by a 3′,3′-cGAMP Sensing Riboswitch (2015)

Cyclic dinucleotides are second messengers that target the adaptor STING and stimulate the innate immune response in mammals. Besides protein receptors, there are bacterial riboswitches that selectively recognize cyclic dinucleotides. We recently discovered a natural riboswitch that targets 3',3'-cGAMP, which is distinguished from the endogenous mammalian signal 2',3'-cGAMP by its backbone connectivity. Here, we report on structures of the aptamer domain of the 3',3'-cGAMP riboswitch from Geobacter in the 3',3'-cGAMP and c-di-GMP bound states. The riboswitch adopts a tuning fork-like architecture with a junctional ligand-binding pocket and different orientations of the arms are correlated with the identity of the bound cyclic dinucleotide. Subsequent biochemical experiments revealed that specificity of ligand recognition can be affected by point mutations outside of the binding pocket, which has implications for both the assignment and reengineering of riboswitches in this structural class.
[Dementia study using induced pluripotent stem cells]. (2016)

Recent developments in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have facilitated, and have contributed to overcome the difficulty of modeling dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), etc. The following models using iPSCs were reported: the pathophysiology caused by gene mutations such as presenilin or amyloid β precursor protein in AD, α-synuclein in DLB, and microtubule-associated protein tau, fused in sarcoma, progranulin, or chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 in FTLD, anti-AD drug screening, sortilin-related receptor L 1 haplotype influence in sporadic AD, and amyloid β secretion in Down syndrome. Patient-specific iPSC could be expected to reveal the disease pathology and lead to drug discoveries for dementia patients.
Cargo (1887)

Journal Article Cargo Get access C. B. Mount C. B. Mount 114, Norham Road, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-IV, Issue 79, 2 July 1887, Page 9, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-IV.79.9i Published: 02 July 1887
Analog or digital computer for process control? (1957)

Although much has been written about the pushbutton or computer-controlled factory, there has been little discussion of the relative merits of analog and digital computers for control applications. Engineers familiar with computers are aware of the advantages and disadvantages of analog and digital computers as tools for scientific investigations. They have probably not considered their suitability for process control applications. In this paper, we will: 1) Outline some of the tasks that will probably be assigned to a process control computer; 2) State some of the questions that must be answered before any computer is selected; 3) Review some of the characteristics of analog and digital computers with special reference to process control requirements; 4) Describe some systems already installed or about to be installed, in which computers are used. Following this discussion, it will be evident, as might be anticipated in advance, that each type of computer has characteristics which make it preferable for particular kinds of applications. Analog computers are fast, simple, and inexpensive for relatively small control jobs, while digital computers have accuracy, versatility, and flexibility which adapt them to more complex control jobs.
Deuteron bombardment of gallium arsenide for device isolation (1980)

Multiple energy bombardments of n+ GaAs with deuterons have shown that much lower doses are needed for carrier removal than with proton bombardment. At equivalent doses, deuteron bombardment induced high resistivity is more thermally stable. Thus GaAs device isolation with deuteron bombardment has various significant advantages over current methods.
Easy‐to‐Fabricate Conducting Polymer Microelectrode Arrays (2013)

A simple and versatile fabrication process is used to define conducting polymer microelectrode arrays (MEAs), patterning at the same time the recording electrodes as well as the insulating layer. Thanks to the low impedance of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes, these MEAs allow in vitro recording of action potentials from rat hippocampus slices.
PFA ependymoma-associated protein EZHIP inhibits PRC2 activity through a H3 K27M-like mechanism (2019)

Posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymomas exhibit very low H3K27 methylation and express high levels of EZHIP (Enhancer of Zeste Homologs Inhibitory Protein, also termed CXORF67). Here we find that a conserved sequence in EZHIP is necessary and sufficient to inhibit PRC2 catalytic activity in vitro and in vivo. EZHIP directly contacts the active site of the EZH2 subunit in a mechanism similar to the H3 K27M oncohistone. Furthermore, expression of H3 K27M or EZHIP in cells promotes similar chromatin profiles: loss of broad H3K27me3 domains, but retention of H3K27me3 at CpG islands. We find that H3K27me3-mediated allosteric activation of PRC2 substantially increases the inhibition potential of EZHIP and H3 K27M, providing a mechanism to explain the observed loss of H3K27me3 spreading in tumors. Our data indicate that PFA ependymoma and DIPG are driven in part by the action of peptidyl PRC2 inhibitors, the K27M oncohistone and the EZHIP 'oncohistone-mimic', that dysregulate gene silencing to promote tumorigenesis.
Topological Equivalence between the Fibonacci Quasicrystal and the Harper Model (2012)

One-dimensional quasiperiodic systems, such as the Harper model and the Fibonacci quasicrystal, have long been the focus of extensive theoretical and experimental research. Recently, the Harper model was found to be topologically nontrivial. Here, we derive a general model that embodies a continuous deformation between these seemingly unrelated models. We show that this deformation does not close any bulk gaps, and thus prove that these models are in fact topologically equivalent. Remarkably, they are equivalent regardless of whether the quasiperiodicity appears as an on-site or hopping modulation. This proves that these different models share the same boundary phenomena and explains past measurements. We generalize this equivalence to any Fibonacci-like quasicrystal, i.e., a cut and project in any irrational angle.
Flow units, connectivity, and reservoir characterization in a wave-dominated deltaic reservoir: Meren reservoir, Nigeria (2004)

The Meren E-01 (Agbada Formation, middle Miocene) reservoir offshore Nigeria consists of a lower progradational shoreface succession terminated by a minor sequence boundary, overlain by a progradational and retrogradational shoreface succession. Deposition occurred in a wave-dominated delta front, as indicated by the presence in core of hummocky cross-beds, slumped units, and turbidites. Eight flooding surfaces were correlated, and isopach maps, sandstone-quality trend maps, and mudstone-quality trend maps were constructed for each parasequence. This work revealed a complex reservoir architecture characterized by shoreface clinoforms and a history of progradation and retrogradation cycles.Three different three-dimensional geological characterizations of the E-01 reservoir were built: a geostatistical model that used only well data; a more geologically complex facies-based model that used the sandstone-quality trend maps in addition to well data; and the most geologically complex sequence-stratigraphic model that used mudstone-quality trend maps in addition to the above data. The three models were analyzed in terms of sandstone continuity and connectivity to hypothetical injector and producer wells. Only the sequence-stratigraphic model predicted significant vertical compartmentalization through tortuosity generated by flooding-surface mudstones. Waterflood fluid-flow simulation of a downdip sector of the geologic models predicts similar recovery for the three models, but a significantly different distribution of unswept oil. Only the sequence-stratigraphic model identified parasequences with abundant unswept oil that are large enough to be economic infill prospects. History-matched, full-field fluid-flow simulations verify both the reservoir compartments predicted by the sequence-stratigraphic model and infill targets.
Wide-range adjustment technique of playback wavelength of MBDCG Lippmann hologram (2003)

In this paper, a new technique is presented for adjusting the playback wavelength of Lippmann holograms recorded in methylene-blue sensitized dichromated gelatin (MBDCG). The main feature of this technique is introducing a water-soluble organic reagent into MBDCG photosensitive layer as preswelling reagent and wavelength adjuster. This method has wide wavelength adjustment range and high signal-to-noise ratio, can be applied to adjust the playback wavelength of reflection hologram quantitatively by changing the concentration of preswelling reagent. Its possible applications include color image display, holographic optical elements, and optical anti-counterfeiting.
Evaluation of alternative mosquito sampling methods for malaria vectors in Lowland South - East Zambia (2013)

While the two most sensitive exposure-free techniques primarily capture host-seeking mosquitoes, both have substantial disadvantages for routine community-based surveillance applications: the CDC-LT requires regular recharging of batteries while the bulkiness of ITT-C makes it difficult to move between sampling locations. RB placed indoors or outdoors and WET had consistently poor sensitivity so it may be useful to evaluate additional alternative methods, such as pyrethrum spray catches and back packer aspirators, for catching resting mosquitoes.