gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The interaction of ubiquinone‐3 with phospholipid membranes (1999)

The effects of ubiquinone-3 (UQ) on dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membrane were studied by surface monolayer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescence techniques. DPPC and UQ are proved to be freely miscible in the mixed monolayer at an air/water interface, and to be partially miscible in bulk phase, i.e. bilayer and solid phase. There is a condensing interaction between UQ and DPPC in the UQ/DPPC mixed monolayers. The solubility of UQ in the DPPC is about 20 mole% and the solubility of DPPC in UQ is about 10 mole%. The membrane fluidity of DPPC was increased by the addition of UQ and the phase transition temperature was decreased.
Novel perylene‐containing polymers (1996)

Abstract Novel perylene‐containing polymers have been synthesized. They exhibit good solubilities in organic solvents and have good film forming properties. A water‐soluble perylene‐containing polyimide was obtained via sulfonation of the corresponding polyimide. Solubilities and spectral characteristics of these polymers are discussed as a function of their structures.
PROGRAMAS DE ATENDIMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO PRECOCE NO BRASIL, UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA (2015)

Introducao: Os programas odontologicos educativos e preventivos que buscam a promocao da saude bucal em criancas de 0 a 5 anos, vem sendo implementados no Brasil. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma vasta revisao de literatura de Programas de  atendimento odontologico precoce realizados no Brasil. Metodologia: Este trabalho foi realizado atraves de pesquisa nos banco de dados Bireme, Pubmed, realizadas a partir de 2000 Resultados: A maioria dos programas voltados a saude bucal na primeira infância promovem conscientizacao de se manter a saude bucal com medidas e estrategias educativas aos pais e responsaveis, mesmo antes do nascimento da crianca, para que a atencao odontologica seja iniciada precocemente. Varios programas alcancaram a diminuicao das doencas bucais e as sequelas dos principais problemas que afetam a saude bucal da populacao. O conhecimento das maes em relacao a saude bucal, incluindo habitos bucais e habitos alimentares de seus filhos foram avaliadas por meio de entrevistas e questionarios. Os programas de atencao precoce foram mais eficazes quando a crianca ingressava com menor idade, participava com   assiduidade e quando havia o acompanhamento a longo prazo. Conclusao: O Brasil apresenta programas odontologicos voltados para criancas com idade precoce, no entanto, a literatura com evidencias cientificas sao escassas e nao seguem um protocolo unico de atendimento, eles sao realizados de acordo com cada regiao, mas tornam-se importantes, pois todos eles visam beneficios que propiciem uma melhor qualidade de vida para as criancas.
Advances in laser-based isotope ratio measurements: selected applications (2008)

Abstract Small molecules exhibit characteristic ro-vibrational transitions in the near- and mid-infrared spectral regions, which are strongly influenced by isotopic substitution. This gift of nature has made it possible to use laser spectroscopy for the accurate analysis of the isotopic composition of gaseous samples. Nowadays, laser spectroscopy is clearly recognized as a valid alternative to isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Laser-based instruments are leaving the research laboratory stage and are being used by a growing number of isotope researchers for significant advances in their own field of research. In this review article, we discuss the current status and new frontiers of research on high-sensitivity and high-precision laser spectroscopy for isotope ratio analyses. Although many of our comments will be generally applicable to laser isotope ratio analyses in molecules of environmental importance, this paper concerns itself primarily with water and carbon dioxide, two molecules that were studied extensively in our respective laboratories. A complete coverage of the field is practically not feasible in the space constraints of this issue, and in any case doomed to fail, considering the large body of work that has appeared ever since the review by Kerstel in 2004 ( Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques , Chapt. 34, pp. 759–787).
Cell type‐ and synapse‐specific variability in synaptic GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor occupancy (2000)

The degree of postsynaptic type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAA receptor) occupancy was investigated by using the benzodiazepine agonist zolpidem. This drug increases the affinity of GABAA receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at room temperature (Perrais & Ropert 1999, J. Neurosci., 19, 578) leading to an enhancement of synaptic current amplitudes if receptors are not fully occupied by the released transmitter. We recorded miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) from eight different cell types in three brain regions of rats and mice. Receptors in every cell type were benzodiazepine sensitive, as 10-20 microM zolpidem prolonged the decays of mIPSCs (151-184% of control). The amplitude of the GABAA receptor-mediated events was significantly enhanced in dentate granule cells, CA1 pyramidal cells, hippocampal GABAergic interneurons, cortical layer V pyramidal cells, cortical layer V interneurons, and in cortical layer II/III interneurons. An incomplete postsynaptic GABAA receptor occupancy is thus predicted in these cells. In contrast, zolpidem induced no significant change in mIPSC amplitudes recorded from layer II/III pyramidal cells, suggesting full GABAA receptor occupancy. Moreover, different degrees of receptor occupancy could be found at distinct GABAergic synapses on a given cell. For example, of the two distinct populations of zolpidem-sensitive mIPSCs recorded in olfactory bulb granule cells, the amplitude of only one type was significantly enhanced by the drug. Thus, at synapses that generate mIPSCs, postsynaptic receptor occupancy is cell type and synapse specific, reflecting local differences in the number of receptors or in the transmitter concentration in the synaptic cleft.
Extended domains of organized nanorings of silver grains as surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors for molecular detection (2009)

The possibility to synthesize large areas of silver grains organized in nanorings using a simple technique based on nanosphere lithography and electroless plating as a metal deposition method is described for the first time. In addition, we present a systematic SERS study of the obtained long-range ordered silver nanodots and nanorings. The possibility to precisely control the size, the interdistance and the morphology of these nanostructures allows us to systematically investigate the influence of these parameters on SERS. We show that the best possible SERS substrates should not only present optimal sizes, interdistances and shapes, but also a grain-like structure composed of sub-100 nm grains in order to maximize the number of hot-spots. In addition, we show that grains arranged in nanorings present higher enhancement factors (E(F) = 5.5 x 10(5)) as compared to similar arrays made of nanodots. A wide range of applications, including real-time monitoring of catalytic surface reactions, environmental and security monitoring as well as clinical and pharmaceutical screening, can be envisaged for these SERS substrates.
Interaction between the U1 snRNP-A protein and the 160-kD subunit of cleavage-polyadenylation specificity factor increases polyadenylation efficiency in vitro. (1996)

We have previously shown that the U1 snRNP-A protein (U1A) interacts with elements in SV40 late polyadenylation signal and that this association increases polyadenylation efficiency. It was postulated that this interaction occurs to facilitate protein-protein association between components of the U1 snRNP and proteins of the polyadenylation complex. We have now used GST fusion protein experiments, coimmunoprecipitations and Far Western blot analyses to demonstrate direct binding between U1A and the 160-kD subunit of cleavage-polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF). In addition, Western blot analyses of fractions from various stages of CPSF purification indicated that U1A copurified with CPSF to a point but could be separated in the highly purified fractions. These data suggest that U1A protein is not an integral component of CPSF but may be able to interact and affect its activity. In this regard, the addition of purified, recombinant U1A to polyadenylation reactions containing CPSF, poly(A) polymerase, and a precleaved RNA substrate resulted in concentration-dependent increases in both the level of polyadenylation and poly(A) tail length. In agreement with the increase in polyadenylation efficiency caused by U1A, recombinant U1A stabilized the interaction of CPSF with the AAUAAA-containing substrate RNA in electrophoretic mobility shift experiments. These findings suggest that, in addition to its function in splicing, U1A plays a more global role in RNA processing through effects on polyadenylation.
Lysis of <i>Vibrio succinogenes</i> by Ethylenediamine-tetraacetic Acid or Lysozyme (1966)

Wolin, M. J. (University of Illinois, Urbana). Lysis of Vibrio succinogenes by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or lysozyme. J. Bacteriol. 91:1781-1786. 1966.-Cell suspensions of Vibrio succinogenes are lysed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or lysozyme. Lysis occurs at alkaline pH and is prevented by 0.15 m NaCl or KCl or 0.3 m sucrose. The addition of 10(-3)m Mg(++), 10(-3)m spermine, or 10(-2)m Ca(++) prevents lysozyme lysis, and 10(-4)m spermine prevents EDTA lysis. EDTA lysis leads to the formation of a cell ghost, and lysozyme lysis leads to the formation of an empty round body. Freezing and thawing of cells permits lysozyme attack which is not prevented by the protective agents mentioned above. Much of the cell protein, and almost all of the nucleic acids, are released from the cells during EDTA lysis. Treatment of frozen-thawed cells with lysozyme at neutral pH does not cause release of more than 50% of the cell protein and 60% of the nucleic acids of the cells.
The implications of the structure of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein on the lipid-transfer function of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (1998)

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is evolutionarily related to the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI). The recently solved structure of BPI shows an elongated, boomerang-shaped molecule, with two hydrophobic pockets opening to its concave side. These pockets each contain a phospholipid molecule. A model of CETP, based on the recently solved crystal structure of BPI, provides the basis for interpreting functional studies on CETP. In this model, C-terminal residues 461-476, which were shown to be required for neutral lipid transfer between plasma lipoproteins, from an amphipathic helix covering the opening of the N-terminal pocket. A possible lipid-transfer mechanism for CETP, with the initial step involving the disordering of lipids in the lipoprotein surface, followed by the flipping and entry of a lipid molecule into the hydrophobic lipid-binding pocket, is hypothesized in light of structural evidence and recent studies.
Sodium oxybate reduces pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance and improves functionality in fibromyalgia: Results from a 14-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2011)

This 14-week, phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial evaluated sodium oxybate (SXB) 4.5 and 6g per night versus placebo in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). SXB is the sodium salt of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). GHB is an endogenous compound, synthesized from γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and found broadly in the central nervous system and body. Among 548 randomized patients, a ≥30% reduction in pain was experienced by 54.2% and 58.5% of patients treated with SXB 4.5 and 6g, respectively, versus 35.2% for placebo with a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Relative to placebo, both SXB doses significantly reduced fatigue (with a 100-mm VAS; P<0.001) and sleep disturbance (with the Jenkins Sleep Scale; P<0.001), and resulted in significant improvements in function as measured by the FM Impact Questionnaire (P=0.003 and P=0.001 for 4.5 and 6 g per night, respectively). On the Short-Form 36 Health Survey, SXB-related improvement was significant on the Physical, but not the Mental, Component Scale. The proportion of patients who reported a global improvement of "much" or "very much" better on the Patient Global Impression of Change was significantly greater in both SXB groups versus placebo (P<0.001). Headache, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, anxiety, and sinusitis were the most commonly reported adverse events, with an incidence at least twice that of placebo. These results expand the evidence from previous clinical trials suggesting that SXB is effective and safe in FM.
Fetal beat detection in abdominal ECG recordings: global and time adaptive approaches (2014)

We present a method for location of fetal QRS in maternal abdominal ECG recordings. This method's initial, global approach was proposed in the context of the 2013 PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge where it was tested on the 447 four channel one-minute recordings.The first step is filtering to eliminate baseline wander and high frequency noise. Upon detection, maternal QRS is removed on each channel using a filter applied to the other three channels. Next we locate fetal QRS on each channel and select the channel with the best set of detections. The method was awarded the third-best score in the Challenge event 1 with 278.755 (beats/minute) and the fourth-best score on event 2 with 28.201 ms.The 5 min long recordings of the Abdominal and Direct Fetal ECG Database were used to further test the method. This database contains five recordings obtained from women in labor. Results in these longer recordings were not satisfactory. This appears to be particularly the case in recordings with a more clearly non-stationary nature. In a new approach to our method, some changes are introduced. Two features are updated over time: the filter used to eliminate maternal QRS and the channel used to detect fetal beats. These changes significantly improved the QRS detection performance on longer recordings, but the scores on the 1 minute Challenge recordings were degraded.
Enhanced Weighted Method for Test Case Prioritization in Regression Testing Using Unique Priority Value (2016)

Regression testing is an integral and expensive part in software testing. To reduce its effort, test case prioritization approaches were proposed. The problem with most of the existing approaches is the random ranking of test cases with equal weight. In this paper, an enhanced weighted method to prioritize the full test suite without using random ranking is presented. In addition, a controlled experiment was executed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show an improved performance in terms of prioritizing test cases and recording higher APFD values over the original weighted method. In future, a larger experiment would be executed to generalize the results.
High refractive index organic–inorganic nanocomposites: design, synthesis and application (2009)

Organic–inorganic nanocomposites with high refractive index (RI) are typically constructed by integrating high RI inorganic nanoscale building blocks into a processable, transparent organic matrix. These nanocomposites combine the numerous advantages of organic and inorganic components, and have many promising applications in optical design and advanced optoelectronic fabrication. A substantial amount of work has been performed in this area. This Feature article summarizes the general design principles and different fabrication approaches of high RI nanocomposites, and reviews recent research advances and some important optical applications of these nanocomposites.
Revascularization for femoropopliteal disease. A decision and cost-effectiveness analysis (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the relative benefits and cost-effectiveness of revascularization for femoropopliteal disease using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or bypass surgery. <h3>Design.</h3> —Decision analysis using a multistate transition simulation model (Markov process) and cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the health care system. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Based on mortality, morbidity, patency, and cost data from a literature review. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Hypothetical cohort of patients with chronic femoropopliteal disease who desire revascularization. Subgroup analysis for patients defined by age, sex, indication, lesion type, and graft type. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, bypass surgery, and a strategies combining the two treatments. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Five-year patency results, quality-adjusted life expectancy, lifetime costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. <h3>Results.</h3> —For 65-year-old men with disabling claudication and a femoropopliteal stenosis or occlusion and for 65-year-old men with chronic critical ischemia and a femoropopliteal stenosis, initial angioplasty increased quality-adjusted life expectancy by 2 to 13 months and resulted in decreased lifetime expenditures compared with bypass surgery. For patients with chronic critical ischemia and a femoropopliteal occlusion, initial bypass surgery increased quality-adjusted life expectancy by 1 to 4 months and resulted in decreased lifetime expenditures compared with angioplasty. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that angioplasty would always be the preferred initial treatment if the angioplasty 5-year patency rate exceeds 30%. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Angioplasty is the preferred initial treatment in patients with disabling claudication and a femoropopliteal stenosis or occlusion and in those with chronic critical ischemia and a stenosis. Bypass surgery is the preferred initial treatment in patients with chronic critical ischemia and a femoropopliteal occlusion. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:165-171)
Sulfation of polysaccharides generates potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus infection and replication in vitro. (1987)

The inhibitory effects of several polysaccharides, dextran, xylofuranan, and ribofuranan, and their sulfated counterparts on the infectivity and replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were examined by using an HTLV-I-carrying cell line, MT-4, in vitro. Dextran sulfate (Mw 34 X 10(3], xylofuranan sulfate, and ribofuranan sulfate completely prevented HIV-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) at concentrations greater than 10 micrograms/ml and dextran sulfate (Mw 7 X 10(3] at concentrations greater than 100 micrograms/ml. However, the non-sulfated compounds did not prevent them at any concentration tested. The anti-HIV effect of these polysaccharides was confirmed by measuring HIV-specific antigen expression in infected MT-4 cells. In cocultures with MOLT-4 and MOLT-4/HIVHTLV-IIIB cells, formation of multinucleated cells was completely inhibited in the presence of 100 micrograms/ml of these sulfated compounds. Dextran sulfate showed 20-30% growth inhibition of uninfected MT-4 cells at 1000 micrograms/ml but dextran sulfate, xylofuranan sulfate, and ribofuranan sulfate showed no effect on sulfated polysaccharides efficiently inhibited the reverse transcriptase activity of avian myeloblastosis virus and HIV.
Classification of potentially toxic chemicals based on their effects on mitochondrial respiration. (1983)

The classification of potentially toxic chemicals including environmental pollutants was made with respect to state 3 and state 4 respiration of mitochondria. The concentration of certain metals for 50% inhibition of respiratory control index (RCI; state 3/state 4) was lower than that of organic compounds tested. Various chemicals including environmental pollutants were classified into four groups by combination of effects on state 3 and state 4 respiration.
GENETIC REGULATION OF MALTOSACCHARIDE UTILIZATION IN PNEUMOCOCCUS (1968)

ACTERIA respond in versatile fashion to the nutritional resources of their environment by regulating the function of their genes. Examination of the mechanisms of such regulation, mostly in Enterobacteria, has revealed the existence of specific regulatory genes and of several different patterns of control (reviewed by MAAS and MCFALL 1964). Similar regulatory mechanisms may be responsible for other aspects of cellular organization and for the development of multicellular organisms. It seems justifiable, therefore, to extend the analysis of regulation to new systems, particularly in forms other than Enterobacteria.
Del 92 a la Alianza de Civilizaciones: cumbres abismales en la imagen exterior de España (2005)

Sin duda, España es el mejor ejemplo de un cambio de imagen acompañado por un rotundo éxito. Ha pasado a ser una nación próspera, democrática y activa en la Unión Europea cuando hace treinta años era una economía atrasada y una dictadura aislada internacionalmente. En cualquier caso atribuir el aura de España a la diplomacia pública o a las políticas de marca España es difícil, porque hasta ahora no han existido. Muchos analistas extranjeros piensan que sí, porque el cambio de imagen de España en los últimos 30 años probablemente ha sido único, y se hace difícil creer que no haya una mano astuta detrás. Pero ha sido más bien una consecuencia no querida o un subproducto. ¿Por qué no hubo diplomacia pública?. En realidad sí hubo un momento en que los españoles se preocuparon por la marca-país y la diplomacia pública: finales de los 80 y principios de los 90. España quería ser europea, y el gobierno socialista siguió una estrategia de diplomacia pública de megaeventos.La reciente historia de España en el exterior está jalonada por aquello que tomando prestada la terminología de Zinoviev llamaremos “cumbres abismales”, éxitos que han situado a nuestro país al borde de enormes precipicios por la inacción en la gestión de las percepciones e imágenes. Lo ilustraremos en tres casos que se corresponden con tres áreas geográficas y temáticas: Europa en lo comercial, América Latina en las inversiones y los EEUU en lo político. Finalmente, se mira al futuro para analizar el mayor reto actual, que desde el punto de vista geográfico es transversal: la lengua y la cultura. En todos los casos los argumentos se apoyan siempre en datos fiables de opinión pública sobre España recogidos en su mayor parte por el Real Instituto Elcano en Europa, Japón, los EEUU o América Latina.
Person identification based on parametric processing of the EEG (2003)

Person identification based on parametric spectral analysis of the EEG signal is addressed in this work-a problem that has not yet been seen in a signal-processing framework, to the best of our knowledge. AR parameters are estimated from a signal containing only the alpha, rhythm activity of the EEG. These parameters are used as features in the classification step, which employs a learning vector quantizer network. The proposed method was applied on a set of real EEG recordings made on healthy individuals, in an attempt to experimentally investigate the connection between a person's EEG and genetically-specific information. Correct classification scores at the range of 72% to 84% show the potential of our approach for person classification/identification and are in agreement with previous research showing evidence that the EEG carries genetic information.
Stress in thermal SiO2 during growth (1979)

Stress present in thermal SiO2 at temperatures during growth in wet O2 has been measured as a function of growth temperature. During growth at 950 °C and below, compressive stress on the order of 7×109 dyn/cm2 is generated in the SiO2. During growth at 975 and 1000 °C, the SiO2 grows in a stress-free state. The results, which are consistent with a viscous flow point somewhere between 950 and 975 °C, are of value in avoiding mechanical failure effects in integrated-circuit processing.