gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nucleic Acid-Related Compounds. 88. Efficient Conversions of Ribonucleosides into Their 2',3'-Anhydro, 2'(and 3')-Deoxy, 2',3'-Didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy, and 2',3'-Dideoxynucleoside Analogs (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleic Acid-Related Compounds. 88. Efficient Conversions of Ribonucleosides into Their 2',3'-Anhydro, 2'(and 3')-Deoxy, 2',3'-Didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy, and 2',3'-Dideoxynucleoside AnalogsMorris J. Robins, John S. Wilson, Danuta Madej, Nicholas H. Low, Fritz Hansske, and Stanislaw F. WnukCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 24, 7902–7908Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00129a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00129a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1047Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CCNU, etoposide, and prednimustine (CEP) in refractory Hodgkin's disease. (1986)

Starting in February 1980, 58 patients with Hodgkin's disease refractory to both MOPP and ABVD received as third-line chemotherapy a combination of CCNU or lomustine, etoposide, and prednimustine (CEP). Complete response (CR) was achieved in 40% of cases and partial response (PR) in 14%. The median duration of CR was greater than 15 months, and the median survival of complete responders was longer than 24 months. In addition, CEP alternating with ABVD was given to 21 patients refractory to MOPP chemotherapy. In this series, CR was documented in 67% of patients with a median duration of 24+ months and a median survival of 36+ months. Treatment was generally well tolerated, and all acute side effects were reversible. Present findings indicate that CEP is an effective regimen in patients refractory to MOPP and ABVD.
Pulsed monoenergy X-ray source (2002)

In the paper, a pulsed monoenergy X-ray source which consists of a water dielectric plane pulse forming line and a cold cathode diode is described. The diffraction photograph of K/sub /spl alpha// for copper is observed by applying the LiF crystal. When the copper anode is used, the rate of radiation measured at the detective position is about 6/spl times/10/sup 4/ R/sec. Diffraction photographs of the K/sub /spl alpha// for both copper and zinc are observed simultaneously when the brass anode is used.
An American Dilemma (1995)

Review| December 01 1995 An American Dilemma International Museum of Photography and Film at the George Eastman House, Rochester, New York, April 12-September 13, 1996 Center for African American History and Culture Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., November 1-December 31, 1996 The Jewish Museum, New York, New York, May 15-July 15, 1997 Center for the Fine Arts, Miami, Florida, September 15-November 30, 1997Points of Entry: A Nation of Strangers, The Museum of Photographic Arts, San Diego, California, September 12-November 5, 1995 Center for Creative Photography, Tucson, Arizona, November 15, 1995-January 7, 1996 The Friends of Photography/Ansel Adams Center for Photography, San Francisco, California, January 17-March 10, 1996 Jesse Lerner, Jesse Lerner Jesse Lerner is a writer and documentary filmmaker living in Los Angeles. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Andrea Liss, Andrea Liss Andrea Liss, a Los Angeles historian and critic of contemporary art, teaches at the University of Southern California. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Terri Cohn Terri Cohn Terri Cohn is a San Francisco-based writer, curator, lecturer and artist. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Afterimage (1995) 23 (3): 13–15. https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1995.23.3.13 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jesse Lerner, Andrea Liss, Terri Cohn; An American Dilemma. Afterimage 1 December 1995; 23 (3): 13–15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/aft.1995.23.3.13 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAfterimage Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1995 by The Regents of the University of California1995 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Morphology of interfacial reaction between lead-free solders and electroless Ni–P under bump metallization (2000)

The morphology of interfacial reaction products between four lead-free solder alloys on electroless Ni–P was characterized. The four Pb-free solders were 99.3Sn0.7Cu, 95.5Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu, 96.5Sn3.5Ag, and 96Sn2Ag2Bi (in wt%) alloys. After reflow, the interfacial intermetallics in the first two solders that contain Cu (99.3Sn0.7Cu and 95.5Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu) had good adhesion with electroless Ni–P. However, the 96.5Sn3.5Ag and 96Sn2Ag2Bi alloys formed interfacial intermetallics with a needle shaped morphology that spalled off the surface of electroless Ni–P. This difference is attributed to the role of Cu in the solders (which modified the chemical potential of the interfacial intermetallics), the volume change that occurs during intermetallic formation, and the interfacial properties of the compound. In solid state aging experiments, the consumption of electroless Ni–P by intermetallic growth was not significant (approximately 1 μm) and all the intermetallics had good adhesion to the electroless Ni–P. The electroless Ni–P exhibited some damage at the outer edge of the bond pad due to stress imposed during solid state aging. Large Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 intermetallics were observed in the bulk of the solders (except for SnAgBi solder), and these intermetallics are discussed in terms of soldering reaction at the interface and phase equilibrium.
cAMP activates the IL-5 promoter synergistically with phorbol ester through the signaling pathway involving protein kinase A in mouse thymoma line EL-4. (1993)

Expression of the IL-5 gene in T cells is induced in response to Ag stimulation; however, functional analysis of the IL-5 gene has been limited by lack of an appropriate transfection assay to facilitate measurement of the IL-5 promoter activity in response to T cell activation signals. Here, we describe a transient transfection system with which the IL-5 promoter activity can be assayed quantitatively. Using mouse thymoma line EL-4 cells, which produce several lymphokines including IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-10, and GM-CSF in response to PMA, the effect of cAMP on IL-5 production was examined. These cells produce a low level of IL-5 when stimulated with PMA alone; however, N6, O2-dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP), in combination with PMA, augmented by more than tenfold the IL-5 production at the mRNA and the protein levels. Likewise, a transient transfection assay revealed that Bt2cAMP activated the IL-5 promoter more than tenfold, in a PMA-dependent manner, thereby indicating that two signals, PMA and cAMP, are required for optimal activation of the IL-5 promoter. Activation of the IL-5 promoter in response to Bt2cAMP and PMA depends on the region spanning from nucleotide position -1,200 to +33 relative to the transcription initiation site. Action of cAMP on the IL-5 promoter is mimicked by cotransfection of the expression plasmid containing cDNA encoding the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A, hence, cAMP probably exerts its action through the signaling pathway that involves protein kinase A. In contrast, Bt2cAMP almost completely inhibited the PMA-dependent activation of the endogenous IL-2 gene as well as the transfected IL-2 promoter. These results indicate that the IL-5 gene in EL-4 cells is positively regulated by cAMP in a manner opposite that for the IL-2 gene.
Contextual scene segmentation of driving behavior based on double articulation analyzer (2012)

Various advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) have recently been developed, such as Adaptive Cruise Control and Precrash Safety System. However, most ADASs can operate in only some driving situations because of the difficulty of recognizing contextual information. For closer cooperation between a driver and vehicle, the vehicle should recognize a wider range of situations, similar to that recognized by the driver, and assist the driver with appropriate timing. In this paper, we assumed a double articulation structure in driving behavior data and segmented driving behavior into meaningful chunks for driving scene recognition in a similar manner to natural language processing (NLP). A double articulation analyzer translated the driving behavior into meaningless manemes, which are the smallest units of the driving behavior just like phonemes in NLP, and from them it constructed navemes, which are meaningful chunks of driving behavior just like morphemes. As a result of this two-phase analysis, we found that driving chunks equivalent to language words were closer to the complicated or contextual driving scene segmentation produced by human recognition.
Issues in Endoscopic Sedation. (2009)

The subject of endoscopic sedation continues to generate controversy and debate. This article provides a critical analysis of several key issues related to sedation that have recently been the focus of intense interest. Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) is currently the dominant method of endoscopic sedation for approximately one third of all US gastroenterologists. The benefits and cost-effectiveness of this approach remain unclear, as outlined in this article. An alternative to MAC is the administration of propofol by a specially trained nurse or endoscopy assistant, working under the direction of an endoscopist. The scientific merits of the arguments presented by both those in favor of, and those opposed to, this practice are evaluated. In addition, the clinical experience with endoscopist-directed propofol and the challenges associated with its implementation are presented. Other options for endoscopic sedation may soon be available. One approach is computer-assisted delivery of propofol, which is performed by a physician/nurse team. The clinical studies related to this device, along with several other novel methods of sedation, are described.
GRK3 mediates desensitization of CRF<sub>1</sub>receptors: a potential mechanism regulating stress adaptation (2001)

Potential G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) and protein kinase A (PKA) mediation of homologous desensitization of corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 (CRF1) receptors was investigated in human retinoblastoma Y-79 cells. Inhibition of PKA activity by PKI(5-22) or H-89 failed to attenuate homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors, and direct activation of PKA by forskolin or dibutyryl cAMP failed to desensitize CRF-induced cAMP accumulation. However, treatment of permeabilized Y-79 cells with heparin, a nonselective GRK inhibitor, reduced homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors by approximately 35%. Furthermore, Y-79 cell uptake of a GRK3 antisense oligonucleotide (ODN), but not of a random or mismatched ODN, reduced GRK3 mRNA expression by approximately 50% without altering GRK2 mRNA expression and inhibited homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors by approximately 55%. Finally, Y-79 cells transfected with a GRK3 antisense cDNA construct exhibited an approximately 50% reduction in GRK3 protein expression and an ~65% reduction in homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors. We conclude that GRK3 contributes importantly to the homologous desensitization of CRF1 receptors in Y-79 cells, a brain-derived cell line.
Browsing the world wide web in a non-visual environment (1997)

Presented at the 4th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD), Palo Alto, California, November 2-5, 1997.
New Scavenger Receptor-Like Receptors for the Binding of Lipopolysaccharide to Liver Endothelial and Kupffer Cells (1998)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is cleared from the blood mainly by the liver. The Kupffer cells are primarily responsible for this clearance; liver endothelial and parenchymal cells contribute to a lesser extent. Although several binding sites have been described, only CD14 is known to be involved in LPS signalling. Among the other LPS binding sites that have been identified are scavenger receptors. Scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) types I and II are expressed in the liver on endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, and a 95-kDa receptor, identified as macrosialin, is expressed on Kupffer cells. In this study, we examined the role of scavenger receptors in the binding of LPS by the liver in vivo and in vitro. Fucoidin, a scavenger receptor ligand, significantly reduced the clearance of 125I-LPS from the serum and decreased the liver uptake of 125I-LPS about 40%. Within the liver, the in vivo binding of 125I-LPS to Kupffer and liver endothelial cells was decreased 72 and 71%, respectively, while the binding of 125I-LPS to liver parenchymal cells increased 34% upon fucoidin preinjection. Poly(I) inhibited the binding of 125I-LPS to Kupffer and endothelial cells in vitro 73 and 78%, respectively, while poly(A) had no effect. LPS inhibited the binding of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL) to Kupffer and liver endothelial cells 40 and 55%, respectively, and the binding of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) to Kupffer and liver endothelial cells 65 and 61%, respectively. oxLDL and acLDL did not significantly inhibit the binding of LPS to these cells. We conclude that on both endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, LPS binds mainly to scavenger receptors, but SR-A and macrosialin contribute to a limited extent to the binding of LPS.
Synchronizing transactions on objects (1988)

A method is discussed for synchronizing operations on objects when the operations are invoked by transactions. The technique, which is motivated by a desire to make use of possible concurrency in accessing objects, takes into consideration the granularity at which operations affect an object. A dynamic method is presented for determining the compatibility of an invoked operation with respect to operations in progress. In making decisions, it utilizes the state of the object, the semantics of the uncommitted operations, the actual parameters of the invoked operation, and the effect of the operations on the objects. One of the attractive features of this technique is that a single framework can be used to deal with the problem of synchronizing access to simple objects as well as compound objects, i.e. objects in which some components are themselves objects.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
VI.—Organic derivatives of silicon. Part XX. Some condensation products of dibenzylsilicanediol (1914)

R. Robinson and F. S. Kipping, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1914, 105, 40 DOI: 10.1039/CT9140500040
Obtaining high defect coverage for frequency-dependent defects in complex ASICs (2003)

Structured delay tests have been around for years, but how effectively do they identify defective silicon, even at reduced frequency? How much overkill is associated with their use? The authors present data from industrial circuits aimed at these and other aspects of speed testing.
Two-channel RSNS dynamic range (2002)

Symmetrical number systems have been explored for many applications in both analog and digital signal processing due to the common availability of symmetrical folding waveforms (e.g., cos/sup 2/). The robust symmetrical number system (RSNS) is a modular scheme in which the integer values within each modulus, when considered together, change one at a time at the next code position (Gray code properties). Although the RSNS has a smaller dynamic range than the optimum symmetrical number system, the RSNS Gray code properties make it particularly attractive for error control. In the past, computer search algorithms have been used to determine the RSNS dynamic range (length of unambiguous vectors). In this brief, we define the two-channel RSKS and present a theorem that gives its dynamic range for relatively prime moduli m/sub 1/, m/sub 2/, 5 /spl les/ m/sub 1/ /spl les/ m/sub 2/.
A group of terminal-flow UHV gauges (1982)

An ionization gauge structure, designated as the ’’terminal-flow’’ type, with the filament and collector plate located on opposite ends of a helical grid, has been designed for a group of nonmagnetic UHV gauges with good sensitivity. Four typical designs, a high sensitivity gauge, a shunt gauge, a suppressor gauge, and a shielding gauge, the characteristics of which have been studied experimentally, are described. The electrodes in each gauge are quite simple; therefore the gauges are easy to degas and can be used on general purpose UHV systems.
Vapor-liquid equilibrium for chlorodifluoromethane + dimethyl ether from 283 to 395 K at pressures to 5.0 MPa (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor-liquid equilibrium for chlorodifluoromethane + dimethyl ether from 283 to 395 K at pressures to 5.0 MPaJoe R. Noles and John A. ZollwegCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1992, 37, 3, 306–310Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00007a008https://doi.org/10.1021/je00007a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views200Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phosphine-Catalyzed Hydration and Hydroalkoxylation of Activated Olefins:  Use of a Strong Nucleophile to Generate a Strong Base (2003)

The direct addition of water and a variety of alcohols to activated olefins was observed in the presence of nucleophilic phosphine catalysts. Unlike existing methods, the reactions proceed at room temperature and in the absence of transition metals, or strong acids or bases. The use of simple commercially available catalysts makes this an attractive method for the preparation of beta-hydroxy and beta-alkoxy substrates, which are prevalent targets and intermediates in organic synthesis. The scope and mechanism of this reaction has been explored, and the compound that acts as the resting state of the catalyst was synthesized independently. Our mechanism also suggests the possibility of extending the scope of this reactivity to other classes of nucleophiles.
Dimension of a quantum-mechanical path (1981)

We show that the observed path of a particle in quantum mechanics is a fractal curve with Hausdorff dimension two.
Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production from Biomass via Pyrolysis and Gasification Processes and Effects of Catalyst on Hydrogen Yield (2008)

Abstract The main objective in doing the present study is to investigate hydrogen production from biomass via pyrolysis and gasification. Hydrogen is currently derived from nonrenewable natural gas and petroleum but could in principle be generated from renewable resources such as biomass. It can be produced from biomass via two thermochemical processes: (1) gasification followed by reforming of the syngas, and (2) fast pyrolysis followed by reforming of the carbohydrate fraction of the bio-oil. Steam reforming of hydrocarbons, partial oxidation of heavy oil residues, selected steam reforming of aromatic compounds, and gasification of coals and solid wastes to yield a mixture of H2 and CO (syngas), followed by water-gas shift conversion to produce H2 and CO2, are well-established processes. The yields of hydrogen from the pyrolysis and the steam gasification increase with increase of temperature. In general, the gasification temperature is higher than that of pyrolysis and the yield of hydrogen from the gasification is higher than that of the pyrolysis.
Preferential looking acuity obtained with a staircase procedure in pediatric patients. (1982)

Visual acuity of infants and young children with ophthalmologic disorders was assessed by adapting a transformed up-down staircase to preferential looking (PL) procedures. Eighty-five percent of pediatric patients between 11 days and 5 years of age were tested successfully. Acuity of infants and young children with normal eyes obtained by the PL staircase procedure agreed well with acuities obtained previously by the method of constant stimuli. In children with anisometropia, differences in acuity between eyes varied systematically with the amount of anisometropia. Monocular acuities of untreated patients with strabismus did not always agree with fixation preference. In general, test results from pediatric patients with structural ocular abnormalities were consistent with the severity of the disorder. By means of serial measurement of PL acuity, the therapy of patients with amblyopia was monitored. In our young patients, anisometropic amblyopia affected grating acuity differently than did strabismic amblyopia, as others have reported in older patients with these conditions. Our results indicate that the PL staircase procedure provides a useful measure of visual acuity in pediatric ocular disorders that can complement the clinical evaluation of infants and young children.
Professional Standards in Cell and Tissue Processing (1995)

In the United States, standards for cell and tissue processing have been developed by a variety of professional tissue banking organizations. Several organizations, including the American Association of Tissue Banks and the Eye Bank Association of America, have accreditation programs for member institutions. Some governmental agencies, such as the New York State Department of Health and the Food and Drug Administration, have adopted strict regulations, which may subject noncompliant tissue banks to certain enforcement actions. Professional tissue banking organizations have also issued guidelines that provide recommendations for implementing efficacious policies and procedures for the acquisition, processing, storage, and distribution of tissues.