gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of ionizing radiation on modern ion exchange materials (1993)

We review published studies of the effects of ionizing radiation on ion exchange materials, emphasizing those published in recent years. A brief overview is followed by a more detailed examination of recent developments. Our review includes styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers with cation-exchange or anion-exchange functional groups, polyvinylpyridine anion exchangers, chelating resins, multifunctional resins, and inorganic exchangers. In general, strong-acid cation exchange resins are more resistant to radiation than are strong-base anion exchange resins, and polyvinylpyridine resins are more resistant than polystyrene resins. Cross-linkage, salt form, moisture content, and the surrounding medium all affect the radiation stability of a specific exchanger. Inorganic exchangers usually, but not always, exhibit high radiation resistance. Liquid ion exchangers, which have been used so extensively in nuclear processing applications, also are included.
Towards autonomous testing of photonic integrated circuits (2017)

A crucial component of any large scale manufacturing line is the development of autonomous testing at the wafer scale. This work offers a solution through the fabrication of grating couplers in the silicon-on-insulator platform via ion implantation. The grating is subsequently erased after testing using laser annealing without affecting the optical performance of the photonic circuit. Experimental results show the possibility for the realisation of low loss, compact solutions which may revolutionise photonic wafer-scale testing. The process is CMOS compatible and can be implemented in other platforms to realise more complex systems such as multilayer photonics or programmable optical circuits.
Thatch and Quality of Tifway Bermudagrass Turf in Relation to Fertility and Cultivation<sup>1</sup> (1987)

Abstract Secondary cultural practices, such as core aeration, vertical mowing, and topdressing, are being used on homelawn turf to a greater extent, even though specific problems may not warrant their application. In a field study (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludult soil), we applied secondary cultural practices on ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ✕ C. transvaalensis (Burtt‐Davis)] in conjunction with annual N rates of 98, 196, and 296 kg ha −1 and K at 49, 98, and 196 kg ha −1 . Neither N nor K influenced thatch accumulation, but a minimum of 196 kg N ha −1 was necessary for adequate shoot density and color. The 49 kg K ha −1 resulted in as good or better shoot density and color than did higher K rates. Three to four times more dollar spot ( Moellerodiscus spp. and Lanzia spp.) occurred at the lowest N rate, while K had much less influence on disease incidence. Core aeration applied once or twice per year caused a loss of stand density and did not reduce thatch accumulation regardless of whether cores were removed or returned. Vertical mowing twice per year decreased thatch by 8% but shoot density was adversely affected. At the end of 4 yr, topdressing with sand reduced thatch by 44 to 62% for one or two applications, respectively, while maintaining adequate shoot density and color. Increasing N or K did not offset the adverse effects of core aeration or vertical mowing. Thus, under homelawn conditions, core aeration and vertical mowing should only be used if a specific problem exists and not as routine practices to prevent thatch accumulation.
High<i>T</i><sub>c</sub>superconductivity in a critical range of micro-strain and charge density in diborides (2001)

Expansion of the superlattice of boron layers, with AB(2) structure, due to different intercalated A atoms has been studied to understand the emergence of high T-c superconductivity in the diborides. The structure of these metal heterostructures at the atomic limit (MEHALs) (with A = Al, Mg, Ti, Hf, Zr) has been measured by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The increasing atomic radius of the intercalated A ions induces an increase of (1) the separation between the boron layers and (2) the tensile micro-strain epsilon of the B-B distance within the boron layers. The results show that the superconductivity in these MEHALs appears in a critical region in a phase diagram controlled by two variables, the micro-strain and the charge density (epsilon, rho).
Identification of Novel microRNAs in Post-Transcriptional Control of Nrf2 Expression and Redox Homeostasis in Neuronal, SH-SY5Y Cells (2012)

Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2/NFE2L2), a redox-sensitive transcription factor plays a critical role in adaptation to cellular stress and affords cellular defense by initiating transcription of antioxidative and detoxification genes. While a protein can be regulated at multiple levels, control of Nrf2 has been largely studied at post-translational regulation points by Keap1. Importantly, post-transcriptional/translational based regulation of Nrf2 is less understood and to date there are no reports on such mechanisms in neuronal systems. In this context, studies involving the role of microRNAs (miRs) which are normally considered as fine tuning regulators of protein production through translation repression and/or post-transcriptional alterations, are in place. In the current study, based on in-silico analysis followed by immunoblotting and real time analysis, we have identified and validated for the first time that human NFE2L2 could be targeted by miR153/miR27a/miR142-5p/miR144 in neuronal, SH-SY5Y cells. Co-transfection studies with individual miR mimics along with either WT 3' UTR of human Nrf2 or mutated miRNA targeting seed sequence within Nrf2 3' UTR, demonstrated that Nrf2 is a direct regulatory target of these miRs. In addition, ectopic expression of miR153/miR27a/miR142-5p/miR144 affected Nrf2 mRNA abundance and nucleo-cytoplasmic concentration of Nrf2 in a Keap1 independent manner resulting in inefficient transactivating ability of Nrf2. Furthermore, forced expression of miRs diminished GCLC and GSR expression resulting in alteration of Nrf2 dependent redox homeostasis. Finally, bioinformatics based miRNA-disease network analysis (MDN) along with extended computational network analysis of Nrf2 associated pathologic processes suggests that if in a particular cellular scenario where any of these miR153/miR27a/miR142-5p/miR144 either individually or as a group is altered, it could affect Nrf2 thus triggering and/or determining the fate of wide range of disease outcomes.
An Iterative Cellular YNSN Method for Color Printer Characterization (1998)

We propose an iterative method for color printer characterization. We employ a parametric spectral model for color printers based on cellular YNSN (Yule-Nielsen modified spectral Neugebauer) equations. We find the Yule-Nielsen parameter from least squares regression over a training set of spectral measurements using the Euclidean distance in spectral distributions space as the error criterion. We iteratively divide the cells in the colorant space until the average prediction error ΔE in every cell is less than a given value.
Phenoloxidase Activity and Fruiting Body Formation in <i>Schizophyllum commune</i> (1971)

Studies of induced haploid fruiting in the Basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune suggested that polyphenoloxidase enzymes may participate in the formation of fruiting bodies. Reported inhibitors of phenoloxidases were found to affect both the activity of these enzymes and the fruiting response. Fertile mycelia were found to give a positive Bavendamm reaction in situ, and cell-free extracts from fertile mycelia exhibited polyphenoloxidase activity when studied spectrophotometrically. Sterile mycelia, on the other hand, were devoid of these activities. Various kinds of mutant homo- and dikaryotic mycelia were studied, and the results suggested a correlation between phenoloxidase activity and fruiting body formation in S. commune.
Some observations about centralized linear prediction (2003)

A new formula for the coefficients of the prediction error filter for noncausal symmetric (centralized) linear prediction is presented. It is shown that when the signal is AR, the centralized filter reduces to a scaled product of the optimal forward and backward prediction error filters for the process. The result appears to be unique for linear prediction. For example, the symmetric noncausal Wiener filter for estimating a signal in noise has no such realization in terms of optimal causal filters.
Optimal squeezing of molecular wave packets (1993)

We present a practical method of designing laser fields for generation of spatially squeezed molecular wave packets. Our approach, based on optimal control theory, generalizes and improves previous, more intuitive suggestions for the optical generation of squeezed wave packets. Spatial-temporal evolution of the squeezing is studied and several underlying physical mechanisms of the effect are explored. Possible applications to laser femtosecond chemistry and experiments on laser modification of molecular adiabatic potentials are discussed.
Laser technique for simultaneous particle-size and -velocity measurements (1978)

A laser technique for simultaneous determination of particle size and velocity is proposed and the requisite theoretical analysis presented. The method utilizes light scattering or fluorescence signatures from individual particles passing through parallel laser beams to specify completely the particle trajectory, including two velocity components and the traverse position, in the plane perpendicular to the laser beams. The incident-laser-intensity history of the particle can then be calculated, which allows the particle size to be unambiguously determined from absolute light-scattering or fluorescence measurements.
Ripple-free, single-stage electronic ballasts with dither-booster power factor corrector (2002)

A general approach to synthesizing single-stage inverters (SSIs) with power factor correction is first presented and an application example of electronic ballast with dither boost is then addressed in the paper. The proposed method is based on the concept of dither-effect from which eligible power factor corrector (PFC) cells can be generated. Existing inverters associated with proper PFC cells to form SSIs can fulfil power factor correction and its original function. In particular, many families of SSIs are developed, which have not been discussed in literature. To further reduce the system cost and size, a coupling inductor is employed to achieve ripple-free input current. A typical application of an electronic ballast with the proposed ripple-free PFC is analyzed. Simulation and measured results from the system with four GE TBX 26 W compact fluorescent lamps have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach to single-stage electronic ballast applications.
Social networks and Web 3.0: their impact on the management and marketing of organizations (2012)

Purpose Innovations, coupled with the advancement of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the evolution of the internet, have had a profound impact on the structure of firms and have altered the decision‐making process. In the new economic and social environment, the understanding of the developments and transformations undergone by ICTs with the advancement of social networks and Web 3.0 technology is vital because of the influence of recent innovations in the competitiveness of organizations. The aim of this paper is to achieve an in‐depth understanding of the new environment that has emerged with these developments. Design/methodology/approach The study focuses on the use of social networks and the conception of the corresponding new business models, highlighting the importance of community managers and crowdsourcing processes. Findings The paper explores the possible sources of competitive advantages open to organizations in the light of recent innovations, and highlights the developments that they should implement to improve the decision management process and exploit new situations. Practical implications The paper analyzes the impact of social networks and Web 3.0 technology in the management and marketing of organizations, highlighting certain mechanisms to improve competitive advantages for organizations. Originality/value The impact of social networks and Web 3.0 technology on organizations has not been analyzed in the literature. The paper also highlights the importance of community managers and crowdsourcing processes in coping with the new environment.
A flow-based approach to datagram security (1997)

Datagram services provide a simple, flexible, robust, and scalable communication abstraction; their usefulness has been well demonstrated by the success of IP, UDP, and RPC. Yet, the overwhelming majority of network security protocols that have been proposed are geared towards connection-oriented communications. The few that do cater to datagram communications tend to either rely on long term host-pair keying or impose a session-oriented (i.e., requiring connection setup) semantics.Separately, the concept of flows has received a great deal of attention recently, especially in the context of routing and QoS. A flow characterizes a sequence of datagrams sharing some pre-defined attributes. In this paper, we advocate the use of flows as a basis for structuring secure datagram communications. We support this by proposing a novel protocol for datagram security based on flows. Our protocol achieves zero-message keying, thus preserving the connectionless nature of datagram, and makes use of soft state, thus providing the per-packet processing efficiency of session-oriented schemes. We have implemented an instantiation for IP in the 4.4BSD kernel, and we provide a description of our implementation along with performance results.
Influence of the Angle Subtended by the Positively Charged Helix Face on the Membrane Activity of Amphipathic, Antibacterial Peptides (1997)

To investigate the influence of the angle subtended by the positively charged helix face on membrane activity, six amphipathic alpha-helical peptides with angles between 80 degrees and 180 degrees, but with retained hydrophobicity, hydrophobic moment, and positive overall charge, were designed starting from the sequence of the antibacterial peptide magainin 2. CD investigations revealed that all analogs are in an alpha-helical conformation in vesicle suspension. The ability of the peptides to induce dye release from negatively charged phosphatidylglycerol (PG) vesicles decreased with increasing angle. However, peptides with a large angle of positively charged residues (140-180 degrees) exhibited a considerably higher permeabilizing activity at zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) and mixed PC/PG (3:1) vesicles than analogs with a small angle (80-120 degrees). In addition, analogs with large angles were more active in antibacterial and hemolytic assays. The antibacterial specificity of these analogs was decreased. Binding investigations showed that peptide binding is favored by a large angle and a high content of negatively charged phospholipid. In contrast, a small angle and a low negative membrane charge enhanced the membrane-permeabilizing efficiency of the bound peptide fraction. All analogs stabilized the bilayer phase of phosphatidylethanolamine over the inverted hexagonal phase. Therefore, a class L mechanism of permeabilization can be excluded. Furthermore, the analogs do not act by the induction of positive curvature strain or by a "carpet-like" mechanism. Our results are in accordance with a pore mechanism: The membrane-permeabilizing efficiency of analogs with enhanced angle of positively charged residues is reduced due to electrostatic repulsion between adjacent helices within the pore, thus resulting in a decreased pore-forming probability and/or pore destabilization.
Acceptability of hepatitis C virus testing methods among injecting drug users (2008)

Findings suggest that oral fluid testing is an acceptable and preferred alternative for HCV testing among IDUs. However, concerns reported by participants in the study indicate that information and education regarding the nature and diagnostic value of oral fluid testing is necessary prior to its implementation for surveillance purposes among this population.
Mechanical Strength of a Metallic Catalytic Converter Made of Precoated Foil (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Recent developments have shown the feasibility of catalytic converters with metallic substrates having increased endurance strength. However, drawbacks still exist similar to those found in converters with ceramic substrates. This paper discusses a method of manufacturing which avoids these drawbacks by rolling straight and corrugated foils into a cylindrical or oval form. In this case, the foils are precoated with support material and a catalyst layer, thus, fixing of the substrate by brazing or welding is not feasible.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Results of a research program to develop a pin-type mechanical bracing, which pierces the substrate, are described. Load distributions from foil to pin are calculated. The principles of fracture mechanics and plastic limit analysis are used to predict cracking and yielding type failure of foils adjacent to the pin. Different pin shapes are compared both theoretically and experimentally.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In experiments, crack propagation is tracked by making inspection holes into the substrate and unknown fracture mechanics material parameters can be calculated from test data. As a result it is found that, by special design of the pin, it is possible to control the fracture mode and rate of the foil substrate, and to stay below the crack propagation threshold value.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Both the laboratory and in-field tests have proven that the presented mechanical pin-type bracing, provides adequate strength, and allows the full utilization of the many advantages of the metallic catalytic converter.</div>
AOB - Acoustic Oceanographic Buoy: concept and feasibility (2006)

The AOB - Acoustic Oceanographic Buoy is the single node of a network of “smart” buoys for acoustic surveillance, Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) and underwater communications. The AOB is a lightweight surface buoy with a vertical array of acoustic receivers and temperature sensors to be air dropped or hand deployed from a small boat. The received data is geotime and GPS precisely marked, locally stored and processed by on board dedicated DSP hardware. AOBs can exchange data over a local area network that includes submerged, sea surface (like for instance other AOBs) and air or land located nodes, allowing for the integration of all users in a seamless network. Specific software allows AOB usage in complex tasks such as passive or multistatic acoustic surveillance, acoustic observations for REA oceanographic forecast and model calibration, bottom and water column acoustic inversion, underwater communications and cooperating target tracking. The AOB was successfully deployed in several consecutive days during two Maritime REA sea trials in 2003 (Mediterranean), in 2004 (Atlantic) and for an high-frequency underwater communications experiment during MakaiEX, 2005 (Hawai). Data collected at sea shows that the AOB is a versatile, robust and easy to use tool for a variety of broadband underwater acoustic applications.
A high temperature drop-tube and packed-bed solar reactor for continuous biomass gasification (2017)

International audience
Fibro-osseous lesions of the head and neck. (1996)

In recent years the term "fibro-osseous lesions" has gained wide acceptance as a general designation for certain pathological processes of the craniofacial bones. These lesions comprise a challenging group of pathologic conditions that cause difficulty in classification and treatment. Common to all of these pathologic entities is the replacement of normal bone architecture by a benign fibrous tissue composed of fibroblasts and collagen and which contains varying amounts of mineralized material. Categorization of the fibro-osseous lesions is dependent upon correlation of the patient's history, clinical findings, radiographic criteria, and histopathologic determination. This article discusses two of the most commonly confused benign fibro-osseous lesions: fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma.
Patch Renderer: a new parallel hardware architecture for fast polygon rendering (1991)

A special purpose hardware is described which is called Patch Renderer for fast polygon rendering. Patch Renderer has 64 VIMUs (vertical interpolation and masking units), where each VIMU processes a span having 64 consecutive pixels, and processes a 64*64 pixel area, called a pixel patch, at a time. The processing power of each VIMU comes from the bit-serial quadratic interpolator which performs the quadratic interpolation of the functional values such as color intensity values at all pixels within the given span. Its quadratic feature enables the authors to use the Fast Phong Shading, which produces more realistic images than Gouraud shading. The estimated performance of Patch Renderer is about 360000 Fast Phong-Shaded triangles per second at 40 MHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deprecation of Source Routing Options in IPv4 (2007)

[RFC0791] defines two IPv4 options called Source and
Loose Source Routing. Functionality provided by these options can be
exploited in order to perform remote network discovery, to bypass
firewalls and to achieve packet amplification for the purposes of
generating denial-of-service traffic. This document updates RFC 791 to
deprecate the use of the IPv4 Strict Source Routing Option as well as
the IPv4 Loose Source Routing Option.
Discordant clinical presentations of preeclampsia and intrauterine fetal growth restriction with similar pro- and anti-angiogenic profiles (2014)

PE and IUGR have similar angiogenic profiles, suggesting that angiogenic marker profiles lack specificity in identifying PE and that other factors are required for the development of PE instead of IUGR. sEng should be included in a biomarker profile for predicting PE or IUGR.
A new bridgeless PFC Sepic and Cuk rectifiers with low conduction and switching losses (2009)

New bridgeless single phase AC-DC power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers based on Sepic and Cuk topologies are proposed. The absence of an input diode bridge and the presence of only two semiconductor switches in the current flowing path during each switching cycle results in less conduction losses and improved thermal management compared to the conventional Sepic and Cuk PFC converters. The proposed topologies are designed to work in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to achieve almost unity power factor in a simple and effective manner. The DCM operation gives additional advantages such as: zero-current turn-on in the power switches, zero-current turn-off in the output diode, and reduces the complexity of the control circuitry. The proposed rectifiers are investigated theoretically. Performance comparisons between the proposed and conventional Sepic PFC rectifiers are performed. Simulation and experimental results are provided for a design example of a 65W/48V at 100 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> line voltage to evaluate the performance of the proposed PFC rectifier.