gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and design of ZVS-PWM half-bridge converter with secondary switches (2002)

An improved zero voltage switching (ZVS) PWM half-bridge power converter with secondary switches is proposed and analyzed. The proposed power converter is controlled by PWM of the main switches using a novel switching sequence with a constant switching frequency. The main switches operate with zero voltage switching, and the secondary switches turn on and off with zero voltage and zero current. A small saturable inductor is added in series to the secondary switch in order to achieve zero voltage switching easily. From the analysis, steady state characteristics of the power converter and conditions of zero voltage switching are derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biomimetic Membranes as a Technology Platform: Challenges and Opportunities (2018)

Biomimetic membranes are attracting increased attention due to the huge potential of using biological functional components and processes as an inspirational basis for technology development. Indeed, this has led to several new membrane designs and applications. However, there are still a number of issues which need attention. Here, I will discuss three examples of biomimetic membrane developments within the areas of water treatment, energy conversion, and biomedicine with a focus on challenges and applicability. While the water treatment area has witnessed some progress in developing biomimetic membranes of which some are now commercially available, other areas are still far from being translated into technology. For energy conversion, there has been much focus on using bacteriorhodopsin proteins, but energy densities have so far not reached sufficient levels to be competitive with state-of-the-art photovoltaic cells. For biomedical (e.g., drug delivery) applications the research focus has been on the mechanism of action, and much less on the delivery 'per se'. Thus, in order for these areas to move forward, we need to address some hard questions: is bacteriorhodopsin really the optimal light harvester to be used in energy conversion? And how do we ensure that biomedical nano-carriers covered with biomimetic membrane material ever reach their target cells/tissue in sufficient quantities? In addition to these area-specific questions the general issue of production cost and scalability must also be treated in order to ensure efficient translation of biomimetic membrane concepts into reality.
Photoplethysmography sampling frequency: pilot assessment of how low can we go to analyze pulse rate variability with reliability? (2017)

Pulse rate variability (PRV) analysis appears as the first alternative to heart rate variability analysis for wearable devices; however, there is a constraint on computational load and energy consumption for the limited system resources available to the devices. Considering that adjustment of the sampling frequency is one of the strategies for reducing computational load and power consumption, this study aimed to investigate the influence of sampling frequency (f <sub>s</sub>) on PRV analysis and to find the minimum sampling frequency while maintaining reliability. We generated 5000, 2500, 1000, 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 Hz down-sampled photoplethysmograms from 10 kHz-sampled PPGs and derived time- and frequency-domain variables of the PRV. These included AVNN, SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, NN50, pNN50, total power, VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF, nLF and nHF for each down-sampled signal. Derived variables were compared with heart rate variability of the 10 kHz-sampled electrocardiograms, and then statistically investigated using one-way ANOVA test and Bland-Altman analysis. As a result, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found for SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, NN50, pNN50, TP, HF, LF/HF, nLF and nHF, but not for AVNN, VLF and LF. Based on the post hoc tests, it was found that the NN50 and pNN50, SDSD and RMSSD, LF/HF and nHF, SDNN, TP and nLF analysis had significant differences at f <sub>s</sub> ⩽ 20 Hz, f <sub>s</sub> ⩽ 15 Hz, f <sub>s</sub> ⩽10 Hz; f <sub>s</sub> = 5 Hz, respectively. In other words, a significant difference was not seen for any variable if the f <sub>s</sub> was greater than 25 Hz. Consequently, our pilot study suggests that analysis of variability in the time and frequency domain from pulse rate obtained through PPG may be potentially as reliable as that derived from the analysis of the electrocardiogram, provided that f <sub>s</sub> ⩾25 Hz sampling frequency is used.
Analysis of buckling of laminated composite-material hollow driveshafts (1994)

Laminated composite, circular cylindrical hollow shafts are used extensively as primary load carrying structures in many applications under various loading configurations. Also, advanced composite materials seem ideally suited for long, power drive shaft applications. At the same time, from a design point of view, local and general instability due to the action of torsional loads often represents the limiting load condition. In the present study, a theoretical analysis is presented for determining the buckling torque of a circular cylindrical hollow shaft with layers of arbitrarily laminated composite materials by means of various thin-shell theories. Comparisons with previous investigations are listed for isotropic and arbitrarily laminated composite material drive shafts. Also, consideration is given to the various shell theories, such as the Fluegge, Sanders, Love`s first approximation, Loo, Morley, and Donnell theories. The effect of the off-axis stiffnesses and the bending moment on buckling torque is considered.
Multiobjective Reinforcement Learning for Cognitive Satellite Communications Using Deep Neural Network Ensembles (2018)

Future spacecraft communication subsystems will potentially benefit from software-defined radios controlled by artificial intelligence algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel radio resource allocation algorithm leveraging multiobjective reinforcement learning and artificial neural network ensembles able to manage available resources and conflicting mission-based goals. The uncertainty in the performance of thousands of possible radio parameter combinations and the dynamic behavior of the radio channel over time producing a continuous multidimensional state–action space requires a fixed-size memory continuous state–action mapping instead of the traditional discrete mapping. In addition, actions need to be decoupled from states in order to allow for online learning, performance monitoring, and resource allocation prediction. The proposed approach leverages the authors’ previous research on constraining decisions predicted to have poor performance through ”virtual environment exploration.” The simulation results show the performance for different communication mission profiles, and accuracy benchmarks are provided for the future research reference. The proposed approach constitutes part of the core cognitive engine proof-of-concept delivered to the NASA John H. Glenn Research Center’s SCaN Testbed radios on-board the International Space Station.
Evaluation of implant‐supported carbon/graphite fiber‐reinforced poly (methyl methacrylate) prostheses. A longitudinal multicenter study. (1995)

Carbon/graphite fiber-reinforced poly (methyl methacrylate) (CGFP) has been suggested as an alternative framework material for implant-supported fixed prostheses. The aim of this study was to evaluate CGFP prostheses clinically over time in patients treated with titanium implants of the Brånemark type and to study the handling of the material in the technical production. Twenty-five patients were fitted with 27 CGFP prostheses supported by 119 implants. Three implants, all in the upper jaw, were lost after loading. After a mean functioning time of 44 months (range 32-56), 19 prostheses (70%) were still in situ. In all, 5 prostheses fractured, of which 3 were exchanged whereas 2 could be repaired. The fractures were discovered early after loading and located close to the end abutment cylinders. During the follow-up period, the bone loss around the implants was about the same as earlier reported values for fixed prostheses with cast frameworks. It is concluded that a CGFP framework can be used to form the biocompatible superstructure of implant-supported prostheses with high precision at a low material cost and with good aesthetic results. The mechanical properties are so far not satisfactory but the method has the potential to be further developed and standardized.
Modeling the spectral response of the quantum well solar cell (1993)

The quantum well solar cell is an alternative to more conventional multiband gap approaches to higher cell efficiency. Preliminary studies have shown that the insertion of a series of quantum wells into the depletion region of a GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs p-i-n solar cell can significantly enhance the cell’s short-circuit current. We present here a model for the spectral response of GaAs and AlxGa1−xAs p-n and p-i-n solar cells, with and without quantum wells, based on a standard solution of the minority-carrier equations. Particular emphasis is placed on modeling the absorption coefficient of the AlxGa1−xAs and of the quantum wells. We find that our model can accurately predict the spectral response of a wide variety of cells: both conventional p-n junctions in GaAs and AlxGa1−xAs, and various geometries of quantum well solar cell in AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs (x∼0.3). We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the model and its underlying assumptions, and conclude by using the model to design p-i-n quantum well solar cells with higher short-circuit current outputs.
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for equine tendinopathy (2008)

Optimal management of tendon overuse injuries in equine and human athletes should avoid the formation of excessive scar tissue, regenerate normal tendon matrix, and reduce re-injury rates. We hypothesized that the implantation of marrow-derived stromal stem cells (BM-MSCs), in far greater numbers than are present normally within tendon tissue, would synthesize a matrix more closely resembling tendon matrix than scar tissue, and hence increase the capacity to return to performance successfully. This article reviews the technique used clinically in the horse and the current outcome data for horses treated by the autologous implantation of BM-MSCs into moderate to severe acute superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) injuries. Bone marrow was aspirated from the sternum under standing sedation. The nucleated adherent cell population (containing the BM-MSCs) were isolated and expanded so that, after approximately three weeks, the cells were re-suspended in the supernatant from the bone marrow and implanted into injured SDFT under ultrasonographic guidance. The horses then entered a 48-week rehabilitation period consisting of an ascending exercise regime. By September 2006, 168 racehorses had undergone this regimen. For horses which had returned to full work, 18% had re-injured, which compared favourably to previous studies on conventional management (56% re-injury rate). No adverse effects were noted other than needle tracts visible ultrasonographically. Autologous implantation of mesenchymal stem cells into tendon injuries may therefore improve clinical outcome although definitive proof of efficacy, which is still lacking, will require randomized controlled trials.
Architecture, security and topology of a global Quantum Key Distribution network (2006)

The performances of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems have notably progressed since the early experimental demonstrations and several recent works indicate that the pace of this progression is very likely to be maintained -if not increased- in the future years. In parallel to this fast progression of QKD techniques, commercial products are also being developed, making QKD deployment for securization of some specific “real” data networks more and more likely to occur. It is the goal to the European project Secoqc to deploy a secure long-distance network based on quantum cryptography. It implies the conception of a specific architecture able to connect multiple users that may possibly be very far away from each other while QKD links are currently ″point-to-point only″and intrinsically limited in distance.
Prostate Tissue Stem Cells and Prostate Cancer Progression (2012)

Tumor heterogeneity has been ascribed to the presence of cells with stem cell characteristics in a variety of malignancies, and prostate cancer (PCa) is no exception. Phenotypically distinct subsets of tumor cells that are functionally unique in tumor-regenerating potential, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), have been identified in both mouse and human prostate cancer. Whether, or not, CSCs arise from normal tissue stem cells is an important philosophical question with potential clinical implications. Regardless of the origin of the tumor-initiating cell, prostatic CSCs share certain attributes with normal prostate stem cells, including self-renewal, multi-lineage potential, and castration-resistance. In this chapter, cellular hierarchies in both normal prostate and prostate tumors are reviewed, and the cell-of-origin from which prostate tumors may arise is further considered.
Some Properties of RF Sputtered Al2 O 3 ‐ Ta2 O 5 Composite Thin Films (1991)

composite dielectric thin films were prepared by RF plasma sputtering under various preparation conditions. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to investigate the impurities and the oxygen vacancies in the films. The main impurity of the film was Na, but the sodium can be reduced by the use of high purity (5N) Al‐Ta metal target. Oxygen vacancies were mainly related to Ta atoms and were dependent on the deposition rate of the films. Films sputtered at around 50 Å/min were found to be relatively good for thin film devices, i.e., they have a high dielectric constant , a low leakage current (∼30 mA/F, at 10 V), and fewer oxygen vacancies. The preparation, details of the structure, and some electrical properties of the composite dielectric thin films are described.
Effect of the Continuous Annealing Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of DP590 Steel (2013)

The microstructure and mechanical properties of the continuous annealing DP590 steel produced by a cold rolled plant were studied by utilizing a Gleeble thermal simulator tested machine. The results show that, increasing annealing temperature can not effectively improve the martensite content in the steel and annealing temperature be set at 780 °C and 800 °C is rational. Martensite decomposition at high overaging temperature will decrease tensile strength of the samples. As the overaging temperature sets at 250 °C ~ 300 °C, the samples could achieve tensile strength more than 600 MPa, which meet the requirements of DP590.
High Density Lipoprotein and Low Density Lipoprotein Utilization by Human Granulosa Cells for Progesterone Synthesis in Serum-Free Culture: Respective Contributions of Free and Esterified Cholesterol (1987)

Human preovulatory granulosa cells cultured in serum- and gonadotropin-free medium secreted progressively less progesterone as time elapsed. Addition of purified high density lipoproteins (HDL) as well as low density lipoproteins [very low density (VLDL) plus low density lipoproteins (LDL)] restored optimal synthesis of progesterone, and HDL was as effective as VLDL + LDL. The use of cholesterol doubly labeled lipoproteins allowed calculation of the proportions of free and esterified cholesterol converted into progesterone. Granulosa cells used either free or esterified cholesterol from VLDL + LDL. In contrast, HDL-esterified cholesterol was a poor substrate for progesterone synthesis, while HDL-free cholesterol was used preferentially. LH increased the use of both kinds of lipoproteins without changing the way in which they were used. Pretreatment of HDL by purified phospholipase A2 increased the conversion of free cholesterol into progesterone. Similar treatment of VLDL + LDL had little effect on progesterone secretion. We conclude that HDL as well as VLDL + LDL can provide cholesterol to human preovulatory granulosa cells and that utilization of HDL-cholesterol may depend on gonadotropin (LH) and enzymatic (phospholipase) regulation.
Alexandrian rocks of northeastern Illinois and eastern Wisconsin (1916)

Research Article| January 01, 1916 Alexandrian rocks of northeastern Illinois and eastern Wisconsin T. E. SAVAGE T. E. SAVAGE Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (1916) 27 (1): 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-27-305 Article history received: 27 Nov 1916 first online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation T. E. SAVAGE; Alexandrian rocks of northeastern Illinois and eastern Wisconsin. GSA Bulletin 1916;; 27 (1): 305–324. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/GSAB-27-305 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract IntroductionThe Silurian rocks of northeastern Illinois and eastern Wisconsin occur over a belt 350 miles long and from 20 or less to 50 miles wide, extending from below Kankakee, Illinois, northward to the extremity of Green Bay Peninsula, in Wisconsin. This area is on the east side of the La Salle anticline and the highland of central Wisconsin, away from which the strata dip gently toward the east; so that the older Silurian rocks reach the surface at intervals only along the west border.Alexandrian Rocks and Sections of northeastern IllinoisThe most southern exposure of Alexandrian rocks in this region is in the banks of Horse Creek, 1½ miles east of the town of Essex and about 14 miles west of Kankakee. These strata consist of a thickness of 12 to 15 feet of brown magnesian limestone, in layers 3 to 6 inches thick, that are now known . . . This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Synthesis of a silylene–borane adduct and its slow conversion to a silylborane (1996)

N. Metzler and M. Denk, Chem. Commun., 1996, 2657 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960002657
Genome-wide association study confirms BST1 and suggests a locus on 12q24 as the risk loci for Parkinson's disease in the European population (2010)

We performed a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify common Parkinson's disease (PD) risk variants in the European population. The initial genome-wide scan was conducted in a French sample of 1039 cases and 1984 controls, using almost 500 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Two SNPs at SNCA were found to be associated with PD at the genome-wide significance level (P < 3 × 10(-8)). An additional set of promising and new association signals was identified and submitted for immediate replication in two independent case-control studies of subjects of European descent. We first carried out an in silico replication study using GWAS data from the WTCCC2 PD study sample (1705 cases, 5200 WTCCC controls). Nominally replicated SNPs were further genotyped in a third sample of 1527 cases and 1864 controls from France and Australia. We found converging evidence of association with PD on 12q24 (rs4964469, combined P = 2.4 × 10(-7)) and confirmed the association on 4p15/BST1 (rs4698412, combined P = 1.8 × 10(-6)), previously reported in Japanese data. The 12q24 locus includes RFX4, an isoform of which, named RFX4_v3, encodes brain-specific transcription factors that regulate many genes involved in brain morphogenesis and intracellular calcium homeostasis.
white paper A Study of Factors Affecting the Design of EPC Antennas & Readers for Supermarket Shelves (2002)

The factors which govern the design of antennas and readers for EPC labels attached to objects in supermarket shelves are identified and analysed. Because it is desired to give the results as far as possible both a theoretical and an experimental basis, and because many of these factors arise from fundamental properties of electromagnetic fields, a review of fundamental aspects of both electromagnetic theory and of RFID theory is given. Experimental results to establish (a) the nature of u.h.f. fields in supermarket shelves, and (b) the feasibility of reading u.h.f. RFID tags in supermarket shelves, and are described. The importance of field stirring or antenna multiplexing is clearly established. Feasible antenna configurations for reading h.f. tags in supermarket shelves are derived from fundamental theory. Future work will be concerned with the experimental evaluation of such fields for a range of HF antennas in supermarket shelves, and will also involve demonstrations of successful reading of multiple read h.f. tags.
Digital Revolution and Means of E-Money Circulation (2017)

We can call digital revolution as serendipity which has changed the whole concept of technology from what it was 10 years back. Knowingly or unknowingly, many prodigious discoveries have been made which has positively contributed towards the advancements of the society that we live in. Not trite but original, at times detrimental but mostly constructive, not frivolous but vigorous, this also defines indomitability of digital revolution. In contemplation, I had an epiphany that the preponderance of Demonetization has changed the whole structure of the market. There are myriad of questions brimming in the mind of Indian citizens. Enough we have heard about the positive and negative aspect of it but did we ever pause and think what exactly it has given to our society? It has brought our society to a whole new digital world. I can indubitably say that the catalytic impact on the development of a “cashless economy” will hasten broader governmental efforts to reduce tax evasion and black market transaction. Introduction of newest substitute of traditional payment method i.e. E-money has now become a part of the monetary aggregates from the balance sheet of central banks. The movement towards a global economy, merging operational boundaries & unprecedented explosion of free trade/exchange worldwide has brought about massive opportunities to develop newer tools, instruments and methodologies in the fields of strategic management & entrepreneurship. With the introduction of E-money the operational policies, the regulatory system, the degree of integration in the global economic and financial markets and procedures of many organizations has radicallychanged in order to give lucrative results.
Estimating Story Points from Issue Reports (2016)

Estimating the effort of software engineering tasks is notoriously hard but essential for project planning. The agile community often adopts issue reports to describe tasks, and story points to estimate task effort. In this paper, we propose a machine learning classifier for estimating the story points required to address an issue. Through empirical evaluation on one industrial project and eight open source projects, we demonstrate that such classifier is feasible. We show that ---after an initial training on over 300 issue reports--- the classifier estimates a new issue in less than 15 seconds with a mean magnitude of relative error between 0.16 and 0.61. In addition, issue type, summary, description, and related components prove to be project dependent features pivotal for story point estimation.