gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Diamond Films Synthesized on Si from a Gas Phase in Microwave Plasma by Slow Positrons (1990)

Variable-energy positrons were used as a nondestructive probe for diamond films synthesized on the Si substrate from a gas phase of a CH 4 /H 2 mixture by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. The Doppler broadening of the annihilation photons was found to be strongly influenced by the concentration of CH 4 . The values of mean positron diffusion length in the diamond films were found to be decreased by increasing the concentration of CH 4 . The concentration of defects, C , was estimated as follows: 4×10 -4 < C <4×10^-3. A p o s i t r o n i u m ( P s ) f o r m a t i o n i n a v a c a n c y c l u s t e r w a s f o u n d f r o m t h e a n a l y s i s o f t h e D o p p l e r b r o a d e n i n g p r o f i l e s , a n d t h e i n t e n s i t y o f P s w a s f o u n d t o b e a f f e c t e d b y C H _4 a n d / o r H _2 g a s t r a p p e d i n s u c h d e f e c t s . T h e r e s u l t s o f t h e m e a s u r e m e n t s o f R a m a n s p</jats
Relative Quantitative RT-PCR Protocol for <i>TrkB</i> Expression in Neuroblastoma Using <i>GAPD</i> as an Internal Control (2000)

An RT-PCR protocol for the relative quantitative measurement of TrkB transcripts using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPD) transcripts as an internal control is described. Both TrkB and GAPD sequences were co-amplified in the exponential phase of amplification using 5'-biotinylated primers. The PCR products were subjected to PAGE, electro-transferred to nylon membrane and detected by a chemiluminescent procedure using alkaline phosphatase conjugated with avidin. Signals detected on X-ray film were analyzed by densitometry. The ratio between TrkB and GAPD expression levels was determined to normalize the expression levels of TrkB transcripts. Initially, strong signals of GAPD transcripts led to overexposure of X-ray film compared to those of TrkB, which causes difficulties in the accurate determination of the TrkB/GAPD ratio. To circumvent this problem, uniformly biotinylated GAPD primers were replaced with a mixture of biotinylated and non-biotinylated GAPD primers of the same sequence and concentration. GAPD signals detected on X-ray film were proportionally decreased as the amount of biotin-labeled primers was reduced in the total GAPD primers. This modification enabled both GAPD and TrkB signals to be analyzed within the linear range of X-ray film detection without affecting the amplification efficiency of TrkB sequence. Use of composite primers may have a wide range of applicability in quantitative analysis of nucleic acids.
Influence of a drink containing different antioxidants and<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>299v on plasma total antioxidant capacity, selenium status and faecal microbial flora (2003)

The aim of the study was to investigate whether a supplement of antioxidants to subjects with a high working pace can influence the antioxidant capacity. The study was parallel and double blind with 98 subjects randomised into two groups. One of the groups was given a test drink with antioxidants for 4 weeks (450 ml/day) while the other group took a corresponding amount of placebo drink. The test drink contained: 2 mg beta-carotene/100 ml, 40 mg alpha-tocopherol/100 ml, 80 mg ascorbic acid/100 ml, 2 mg pyridoxine/100 ml, 15 mg magnesium/100 ml, 0.2 mg manganese/100 ml, 1 mg zinc/100 ml, 0.1 mg copper/100 ml and 10 microg selenium/100 ml. Consumption of the test drink for 4 weeks increased the total plasma antioxidant capacity by 7% (ferric reducing ability of plasma method, P<0.05 compared with the placebo group), and the content of selenium and selenoprotein P in serum was raised by 16-17% (P<0.001 compared with the placebo group). No significant changes were found in the placebo group. The test drink also contained Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (5 x 10(7) cfu/ml) and 4 weeks' consumption led to a significant increase of Lb. plantarum 299v in the faeces. In conclusion, consumption of a drink rich in different antioxidants can increase the antioxidant capacity in subjects with a high working pace. This can be valuable since it may increase the protection against reactive oxygen radicals.
Ultraprecise measurement of resonance shift for sensing applications (2012)

Resonator-based optical sensors detect the change of refractive index in the environment by measuring the resonance shift. The sensitivity of such sensors is determined by how precise one can locate the resonant wavelength, which is thought to be limited by the bandwidth and the quality factor of the resonator. Here we show that, with a tunable resonator, one can determine the resonant wavelength with ultrahigh precision. Using a silicon microring resonator with an embedded p-i-n junction for electro-optic tuning, whose quality factor is only 14,000, we measured the resonant wavelength with a resolution of 0.06 pm, which corresponds to an index sensitivity of ~10(-7). This resonance measurement for sensing purposes can be done using a fixed-wavelength laser.
Design limitations of highly parallel free-space optical interconnects based on arrays of vertical cavity surface-emitting laser diodes, microlenses, and photodetectors (1994)

We utilize a novel diffraction formalism to study the crosstalk effect in a highly parallel free-space optical interconnect based on two-dimensional arrays of surface-emitting laser diodes, microlenses, and photodetectors. The diffraction induced crosstalk between adjacent laser diodes in each detector to the system limitations is investigated. Optimum design rules and formulas are given for the first time, to include the relation of channel packaging density and interconnect length to the design parameters of the optical interconnect components. The design formulas developed here yield an optimum detector size and indicate a tradeoff between channel packaging density and interconnect length. The feasibility of such a free-space interconnect with a channel packaging density of 3460 channels/cm/sup 2/ and 2.0 cm interconnection length is determined using typical parameters of detector radius from /spl sim/5 to /spl sim/45 /spl mu/m, lens radius of 85 /spl mu/m, and laser diode radius of /spl sim/5 pm operating at wavelength 0.67 pm for signal-to-noise ratio above 17 dB. Some experiments were conducted to measure the diffraction induced crosstalk and optical link efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Inter-media hashing for large-scale retrieval from heterogeneous data sources (2013)

In this paper, we present a new multimedia retrieval paradigm to innovate large-scale search of heterogenous multimedia data. It is able to return results of different media types from heterogeneous data sources, e.g., using a query image to retrieve relevant text documents or images from different data sources. This utilizes the widely available data from different sources and caters for the current users' demand of receiving a result list simultaneously containing multiple types of data to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the query's results. To enable large-scale inter-media retrieval, we propose a novel inter-media hashing (IMH) model to explore the correlations among multiple media types from different data sources and tackle the scalability issue. To this end, multimedia data from heterogeneous data sources are transformed into a common Hamming space, in which fast search can be easily implemented by XOR and bit-count operations. Furthermore, we integrate a linear regression model to learn hashing functions so that the hash codes for new data points can be efficiently generated. Experiments conducted on real-world large-scale multimedia datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method compared with state-of-the-art techniques.
Preface (2004)

Journal Article Preface Get access Daisuke Fujita, Daisuke Fujita Guest-editors NIMS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nobuo Tanaka Nobuo Tanaka Nagoya University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Electron Microscopy, Volume 53, Issue 2, April 2004, Page 99, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/53.2.99 Published: 01 April 2004
Protein Factors Required for In Vitro Transcription of Sendai Virus Genome1 (1995)

To elucidate the mechanism of transcription and replication of Sendai virus, we developed an efficient and faithful in vitro transcription system using purified virus particles. The in vitro RNA synthesis was almost entirely dependent on the addition of eukaryotic cell extracts, including those from various cultured mammalian cells, mammalian tissues, and even from plant cells. The RNA products were almost identical to authentic mRNA species synthesized in the infected cells, in their size distribution, the presence of 3'-poly(A) tail and the presence of methylated 5'-cap structure (m7GpppAm). Ribonuclease protection experiments after annealing the in vitro RNA with viral genomic RNA (vRNA) indicated that the virion-associated RNA-dependent RNA polymerase transcribes correct regions of the RNA genome in vitro. The active component(s) that is required for Sendai virus mRNA synthesis was partially purified from bovine brain and was separated into at least two complementary fractions, one of which could be replaced by highly purified cellular tubulin. When viral ribonucleoprotein complexes were used instead of virus particles in the in vitro transcription, only Sendai virus-infected cell extracts supported mRNA synthesis, and extracts from uninfected cells or cells infected with other viruses were found to be inert. These results suggest that, in addition to the general factors which are present ubiquitously in eukaryotic cells, a factor(s) specific to Sendai virus-infection is required for Sendai virus transcription.
Mycotoxin Exposure and Infant and Young Child Growth in Africa: What Do We Know? (2014)

A limited number of epidemiological studies have been conducted, and available research indicates extreme exposures to AF. There are strong associations between AF exposure and stunting and wasting. However, more epidemiological research is urgently needed to understand the role of FB, DON and ZEA in IYC growth.
Inhibition of Prolyl Endopeptidase by Synthetic Peptide Fragments of Human<i>β</i>-Casein (1991)

It has been suggested that peptide inhibitors of prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) may act as anti-amnestic agents. In the hope of finding PEP inhibitors in milk proteins, we synthesized a total of 37 human beta-casein peptide fragments containing proline residues. It was found that the peptides with PEP inhibition activity in vitro were located in the region of amino acid residues 49-59 of human beta-casein. The most potent inhibitor was Ile-Tyr-Pro-Phe-Val-Glu-Pro-Ile (IC50 = 8 microM).
An amino-terminal extension is required for the secretion of chick agrin and its binding to extracellular matrix. (1995)

Agrin is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein with a calculated relative molecular mass of more than 200 kD that induces the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction. This activity has been mapped to its COOH terminus. In an attempt to identify the functions of the NH2-terminal end, we have now characterized full-length chick agrin. We show that chick agrin encoded by a previously described cDNA is not secreted from transfected cells. Secretion is achieved with a construct that includes an additional 350 bp derived from the 5' end of chick agrin mRNA. Recombinant agrin is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) of more than 400 kD with glycosaminoglycan side chains attached only to the NH2-terminal half. Endogenous agrin in tissue homogenates also has an apparent molecular mass of > 400 kD. While the amino acid sequence encoded by the 350-bp extension has no homology to published rat agrin, it includes a stretch of 15 amino acids that is 80% identical to a previously identified bovine HSPG. The extension is required for binding of agrin to ECM. AChR aggregates induced by recombinant agrin that includes the extension are considerably smaller than those induced by agrin fragments, suggesting that binding of agrin to ECM modulates the size of receptor clusters. In addition, we found a site encoding seven amino acids at the NH2-terminal end of agrin that is alternatively spliced. While motor neurons express the splice variant with the seven amino acid long insert, muscle cells mainly synthesize isoforms that lack this insert. In conclusion, the cDNAs described here code for chick agrin that has all the characteristics previously allocated to endogenous agrin.
Updating GeoSAR for full-pol interferometric capability (2009)

GeoSAR is a single pass, dual frequency (X-band and P-band) interferometric mapping radar designed to map both top vegetation canopies and the terrain beneath the canopy. This system was developed from 1998–2003 as a joint effort of NASA JPL and EarthData under sponsorship of DARPA and NGA. The system is flown on a G-II aircraft and maps 10–12 km swaths simultaneously on both sides of the aircraft to generate high quality DEMs and imagery at both X-band and P-band. The system was later augmented with a nadir-pointing lidar profiler system to generate highly accurate control points that can be used in generating large area mosaics. Over the last 5 years the field of polarimetric interferometry has shown great utility in mapping the top of canopies and the underlying terrain with a great deal of accuracy at both L-band and P-band. This paper discusses an upgrade of the GeoSAR dual-pol (HH, HV) P-band interferometer to a fully polarimetric interferometer (HH, HV, VH, VV). We present both hardware and processor changes to the GeoSAR system needed for fully polarimetric interferometric operation.
Energy-dispersive diffraction studies of inert anodes (2009)

A tomographic study of electrochemical cells to observe scales formed on inert anodes has been conducted using energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction. This study is preparatory to an investigation that will observe this formation in situ during the cells' operation. The purpose of the current work was to determine whether this technique would be appropriate for such a study in terms of its sensitivity and whether the results could be quantified satisfactorily. A method has been developed for the quantitative phase analysis of energy-dispersive data using crystal-structure-based Rietveld refinement. This has been tested with standard materials and found to be comparable in accuracy to results obtained from traditional angular-dispersive diffraction. The lower limits of detection of the method have not been established quantitatively but qualitative differences can be seen between cells that have been cycled at different times. These differences indicate a linear relationship between scale formation and electrolysis time.
Effective route to azetidines from azetidin-2-ones with the use of hydroalanes as specific reducing agents (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffective route to azetidines from azetidin-2-ones with the use of hydroalanes as specific reducing agentsMitsuo Yamashita and Iwao OjimaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 20, 6339–6342Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00358a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00358a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views323Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Type safety in the JVM: some problems in Java 2 SDK 1.2 and proposed solutions (2001)

Abstract In the course of our work in developing formal specifications for components of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), we have uncovered subtle bugs in the bytecode verifier of Sun's Java 2 SDK 1.2. These bugs, which lead to type safety violations, relate to the naming of reference types. Under certain circumstances, these names can be spoofed through delegating class loaders. These flaws expose some inaccuracies and ambiguities in the JVM specification. We propose several solutions to all of these bugs. In particular, we propose a general solution that makes use of subtype loading constraints. Such constraints complement the equality loading constraints introduced in the Java 2 Platform, and are posted by the bytecode verifier when checking assignment compatibility of class types. By posting constraints instead of resolving and loading classes, the bytecode verifier in our solution has a cleaner interface with the rest of the JVM, and allows lazier loading. We sketch some excerpts of our mathematical formalization of this approach and of its type safety results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Registration for Tactical Imagery: An Updated Taxonomy (2006)

Registration is central to Image Processing problems which use Tactical Imagery. Any application, which involves comparing two or more images, requires some type of Registration algorithm. These algorithms have evolved over the years and are generally grouped into three categories: 2D, 3D, and the reasonably unusual combination of 2D/3D. An updated classification (or taxonomy) for the diverse collection of algorithms is presented here and is described in detail. Also, two new algorithms are elucidated: the terrain cube and the Hybrid registration method. Many examples are given demonstrating the usefulness of this taxonomy and algorithms. The Medical Imaging field is the source for many of these examples, as numerous algorithms have their origin there. Complementary Military Imaging examples are also presented and described in terms of relevant platforms.
Numerical methods for determining interstitial oxygen in silicon (1995)

The interstitial oxygen (O{sub i}) concentration in Czochralski silicon and the subsequent SiO{sub x} precipitation are important parameters for integrated circuit fabrication. Uncontrolled SiO{sub x} precipitation during processing can create detrimental mechanical and electrical effects that contribute to poor performance. An inability to consistently and accurately measure the initial O{sub i} concentration in heavily doped silicon has led to contradictory results regarding the effects of dopant type and concentration on SiO{sub x} precipitation. The authors have developed a software package for reliably determining and comparing O{sub i} in heavily doped silicon. The SiFTIR{copyright} code implements three independent oxygen analysis methods in a single integrated package. Routine oxygen measurements are desirable over a wide range of silicon resistivities, but there has been confusion concerning which of the three numerical methods is most suitable for the low resistivity portion of the continuum. A major strength of the software is an ability to rapidly produce results for all three methods using only a single Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum as input. This ability to perform three analyses on a single data set allows a detailed comparison of the three methods across the entire range of resistivities in question. Integrated circuit manufacturers could use the enabling technology provided by SiFTIR{copyright} to monitor O{sub i} content. Early detection of O{sub i} using this diagnostic could be beneficial in controlling SiO{sub x} precipitation during integrated circuit processing.
InGaN gallium nitride light-emitting diodes with reflective electrode pads and textured gallium-doped ZnO contact layer (2010)

We demonstrate a GaN-based light-emitting diode (LED) with nonalloyed metal contacts and textured Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) contact layer to serve as the n- and p-type electrode pads, respectively. Compared with the conventional LEDs with flat surface and Cr/Au metal contacts, the nonalloyed Ag/Cr/Au contacts used in the present experimental LEDs play the role of reflector to prevent the emitted light from absorption by the opaque electrode pads. Enhancement of light output power observed from the experimental LEDs is also due to the textured GZO layer that can disperse the angular distribution of photons at the GZO/air interface. With an injection current of 20 mA, the output power of experimental LEDs can be improved markedly by a magnitude of 30% compared with conventional GaN-based LEDs.
Human Ehrlichiosis Causing Left Ventricular Dilatation and Dysfunction (1996)

mially acquired native-valve endocarditis [3]. Our patient had some remarkable features. First, he had definitive infective endocarditis, as defined by the criteria of von Reyn as well as those of Durack et al. [4]. Second, although he received antimicrobial prophylaxis with ceftriaxone, to which the S. epidermidis isolate was susceptible in vitro, infective endocarditis developed. Third, unusually, he had nosocomially acquired native-valve endocarditis due to a non-methicillin-resistant strain of S. epidermidis, leading to acute disease and then death. In addition, the patient had neither fever nor peripheral manifestations ofendocarditis despite the presence of emboli in the kidneys and spleen.
TopicView: Visually Comparing Topic Models of Text Collections (2011)

We present Topic View, an application for visually comparing and exploring multiple models of text corpora. Topic View uses multiple linked views to visually analyze both the conceptual content and the document relationships in models generated using different algorithms. To illustrate Topic View, we apply it to models created using two standard approaches: Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Conceptual content is compared through the combination of (i) a bipartite graph matching LSA concepts with LDA topics based on the cosine similarities of model factors and (ii) a table containing the terms for each LSA concept and LDA topic listed in decreasing order of importance. Document relationships are examined through the combination of (i) side-by-side document similarity graphs, (ii) a table listing the weights for each document's contribution to each concept/topic, and (iii) a full text reader for documents selected in either of the graphs or the table. We demonstrate the utility of Topic View's visual approach to model assessment by comparing LSA and LDA models of two example corpora.