gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subclinical pulmonary involvement in collagen-vascular diseases assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage. Relationship between alveolitis and subsequent changes in lung function. (1986)

Collagen-vascular disorders (CVD) are commonly associated with chronic interstitial lung disease. Clinicopathologic observations suggest that inflammatory process of the lower respiratory tract may appear prior to fibrosis. Subclinical pulmonary involvement, as assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was evaluated in 61 patients with various CVD but free of clinical pulmonary symptoms and with normal chest roentgenograms. Eight of 61 had abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT) at entry to the study. Total BAL cell yield from nonsmokers was greater in patients with abnormal than in those with normal PFT (p less than 0.05). Abnormal differential count of BAL cells was noted in 29 of 61 patients (48%). Lymphocyte alveolitis (lymphocytes greater than or equal to 18%) was a characteristic finding in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (11 of 25) or Sjögren's syndrome associated with another CVD (4 of 8). Neutrophil alveolitis (neutrophils greater than 4%) with or without increased percentage of lymphocytes occurred in patients with CVD classically associated with pulmonary fibrosis: progressive systemic sclerosis (6 of 10), rheumatoid arthritis (1 of 4), dermatopolymyositis (2 of 3), and mixed connective tissue disease (3 of 8). An increased percentage of eosinophils was detected in 1 patient with progressive systemic sclerosis. Bronchoalveolar lavage abnormalities were more frequently detected in patients with active and severe extrapulmonary disease. On follow-up PFT 12 months later, 11 patients with normal BAL and 10 patients with lymphocyte alveolitis had not deteriorated. In marked contrast, the presence of neutrophils in BAL was associated with a progressive deterioration of PFT in 6 of 7 untreated patients, whereas 4 corticosteroid-treated patients with neutrophil alveolitis had not deteriorated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Structure and alternative splicing of the Presenilin-2 gene (1996)

Missense mutations in the presenilin-1 (PS-1) and presenilin-2 (PS-2) genes have been shown to be causes of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (the AD3 and AD4 loci, respectively). Alternative splicing has previously been reported in the PS-1 gene. In this study, elucidation of intron/exon boundary sequences revealed that PS-2 is encoded by 10 coding exons. In addition, PS-2 cDNA cloning and RT-PCR using RNA from a variety of normal tissues revealed the presence of alternatively spliced products. These products included species with in frame omissions of exon 8 and simultaneous omissions of exons 3 and 4.
Precision Shaft-Position Encoders (1956)

An extremely compact, direct-reading, shaft-position encoder is described. A cyclical-binary code, expressed as clear and opaque areas in concentric rings, is printed photographically on a glass disk. A gas-discharge lamp placed radially to cover all channels is flashed periodically. The radiation transmitted through the disk causes voltage pulses, treated as binary ONEs, to be generated by those elements of a multielement PbS cell on which the light falls. Cell elements shielded by opaque areas of the code disk give no signal, a binary ZERO. Methods are described for serializing and converting the output to binomial-binary code. Sine-cosine codes are also described.
Adaptive Object-Oriented Software: The Demeter Method with Propagation Patterns (1995)

From the Publisher:
This ground-breaking book presents a complete methodology for adaptive programming in any object-oriented programming language. Lieberherr's adaptive method signals a new approach to object-oriented program design that goes beyond object encapsulation and hard-coded navigation paths to achieve more flexible interactions among objects. Programmers using this method work at a higher, schematic level of abstraction; graph notation represents the class structure and a propagation pattern language tells how to distribute meaningful methods - including navigation - across the structure. Using this method, programmers can easily adapt and modify programs as they evolve. This book can be used with any object-oriented programming environment, or with the Demeter Tools Version 5.5, a complete, professional software system for creating and maintaining adaptive programs.
Short Notices (1961)

Journal Article Short Notices Get access W. R. BROCK W. R. BROCK Selwyn CollegeCambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXVI, Issue CCXCVIII, January 1961, Pages 161-b–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXVI.CCXCVIII.161-b Published: 01 January 1961
Imaging hippocampal function across the human life span: Is memory decline normal or not? (2002)

Memory function commonly declines in later life. Whether memory decline represents a disease process or whether it is part of normal aging remains unknown. Here we answer this question by assessing the function of multiple subregions that make up the hippocampal circuit across the human life span. A newly developed MRI approach--designed to detect functional changes in individual hippocampal subregions--was used to assess the hippocampal circuit in 70 subjects between 20 and 88 years of age. Using strict parametric criteria, analysis revealed that function in two hippocampal subregions--the subiculum and the dentate gyrus--decline normally with age. In contrast, function in the entorhinal cortex declines pathologically. Single-subject analysis revealed that hippocampal dysfunction, found in 60% of elders was selectively correlated with memory decline. These results show that memory decline is caused by different mechanisms and suggests how memory decline should be approached clinically.
Total syntheses of ML-236A and compactin by combining the lactonic (silyl) enolate rearrangement and aldehyde-diene cyclocondensation technologies (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal syntheses of ML-236A and compactin by combining the lactonic (silyl) enolate rearrangement and aldehyde-diene cyclocondensation technologiesSamuel J. Danishefsky and Bruno SimoneauCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 7, 2599–2604Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00189a038Request reuse permissionsArticle Views1703Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (724 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Renal salt wasting in mice lacking NHE3 Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup>exchanger but not in mice lacking NHE2 (2001)

To study the role of Na + /H + exchanger isoform 2 (NHE2) and isoform 3 (NHE3) in sodium-fluid volume homeostasis and renal Na + conservation, mice with Nhe2( Nhe2 −/− ) and/or Nhe3( Nhe3 −/− ) null mutations were fed a Na + -restricted diet, and urinary Na + excretion, blood pressure, systemic acid-base and electrolyte status, and renal function were analyzed. Na + -restricted Nhe2 −/− mice, on either a wild-type or Nhe3 heterozygous mutant ( Nhe3 +/− ) background, did not exhibit excess urinary Na + excretion. After 15 days of Na + restriction, blood pressure, fractional excretion of Na + , and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of Nhe2 −/− Nhe3 +/− mice were similar to those of Nhe2 +/+ and Nhe3 +/− mice, and no metabolic disturbances were observed. Nhe3 −/− mice maintained on a Na + -restricted diet for 3 days exhibited hyperkalemia, urinary salt wasting, acidosis, sharply reduced blood pressure and GFR, and evidence of hypovolemic shock. These results negate the hypothesis that NHE2 plays an important renal function in sodium-fluid volume homeostasis; however, they demonstrate that NHE3 is critical for systemic electrolyte, acid-base, and fluid volume homeostasis during dietary Na + restriction and that its absence leads to renal salt wasting.
Blood flow in rats during hemorrhagic shock: differences between surviving and dying animals. (1977)

Cardiac output distribution was measured during hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock in unanaesthetized rats. In comparison to control animals, a varying degree of decreased blood flow was found in the skin, kidneys, splanchnic bed, and carcass. Bronchial and hepatic arterial blood flows were within normal limits for the entire experiment. Whereas the coronary blood flow fluctuated between values higher and lower than normal, the cerebral blood flow values were normal or decreased. When survivors were compared to dying rats, differences were foun in the early and late stages of shock. Initially, the carcass flow in survivors was higher, while the splanchnic flow was lower, than in dying rats. This redistribution of cardiac output may be responsible for an increased venous return and improved chances for survival. At the late stages of shock, survivors had significantly higher bronchial and hepatic arterial blood flow.
Click Chemistry‐Led Advances in High Content Functional Proteomics (2007)

Abstract The availability of complete genome sequences for numerous eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms has inspired the advent of new methods to functionally characterize proteins on a global scale. Chemical approaches, in particular, have emerged as a powerful way to investigate the proteome, providing small‐molecule probes that report on protein activity and Post‐Translational Modification (PTM) state directly in complex biological samples. Many of the key advances made in chemical proteomics can be attributed to the development of efficient bio‐orthogonal reactions such as the copper (I)‐catalyzed Huisgen's azide–alkyne cycloaddition, a reaction commonly known as “Click Chemistry” (CC). The generation of “clickable” proteomics probes has removed the requirement for bulky reporter tags, thereby allowing access to more biologically relevant systems such as live cells or animals. The versatility of CC has also allowed for greater experimental efficiency, as different reporter tags ( i.e. , a fluorophore for detection or biotin for enrichment) can be appended to a single probe. Such advances have enabled researchers to identify protein activities dysregulated in disease states, assess the selectivity of enzyme inhibitors in vivo , and inventory specific PTMs on a proteome‐wide scale.
Organic nanostructured host–guest materials for luminescent solar concentrators (2012)

Organic host–guest based materials, obtained with a low cost self-assembly technology, show an efficient energy downshift from the UV-visible to the deep red, thanks to cascade resonant energy transfer processes among three different dyes inserted in the nanochannels of the host, opening for the design of fully organic luminescent solar concentrators.
Deliquescence and efflorescence of small particles (2009)

We examine size-dependent deliquescence/efflorescence phase transformation for particles down to several nanometers in size. Thermodynamic properties of inorganic salt particles, coated with aqueous solution layers of varying thickness and surrounded by vapor, are analyzed. A thin layer criterion (TLC) is introduced to define a limiting deliquescence relative humidity (RH(D)) for small particles. This requires: (1) equality of chemical potentials between salt in an undissolved core, and thin adsorbed solution layer, and (2) equality of chemical potentials between water in the thin layer and vapor phase. The usual bulk deliquescence conditions are recovered in the limit of large dry particle size. Nanosize particles are found to deliquesce at relative humidity just below the RH(D) on crossing a nucleation barrier, located at a critical solution layer thickness. This barrier vanishes precisely at the RH(D) defined by the TLC. Concepts and methods from nucleation theory including the kinetic potential, self-consistent nucleation theory, nucleation theorems, and the Gibbs dividing surface provide theoretical foundation and point to unifying features of small particle deliquescence/efflorescence processes. These include common thermodynamic area constructions, useful for interpretation of small particle water uptake measurements, and a common free-energy surface, with constant RH cross sections describing deliquescence and efflorescence related through the nucleation theorem.
PERP, a host tetraspanning membrane protein, is required for<scp><i>S</i></scp><i>almonella</i>‐induced inflammation (2014)

Salmonella enterica Typhimurium induces intestinal inflammation through the activity of type III secreted effector (T3SE) proteins. Our prior results indicate that the secretion of the T3SE SipA and the ability of SipA to induce epithelial cell responses that lead to induction of polymorphonuclear transepithelial migration are not coupled to its direct delivery into epithelial cells from Salmonella. We therefore tested the hypothesis that SipA interacts with a membrane protein located at the apical surface of intestinal epithelial cells. Employing a split ubiquitin yeast-two-hybrid screen, we identified the tetraspanning membrane protein, p53 effector related to PMP-22 (PERP), as a SipA binding partner. SipA and PERP appear to have intersecting activities as we found PERP to be involved in proinflammatory pathways shown to be regulated by SipA. In sum, our studies reveal a critical role for PERP in the pathogenesis of S. Typhimurium, and for the first time demonstrate that SipA, a T3SE protein, can engage a host protein at the epithelial surface.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE HELIX-LOOP-HELIX CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS (1989)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
A fast carry propagation technique for parallel adders (2002)

A new technique is presented for the design of faster ripple-carry adders. Although this design is structurally inherited from the Manchester carry adder, it operates much faster and cuts down the propagation delay of the adder by close to 75 per cent. The main concept in this technique is the balance of charge throughout the nodes in the carry chain. This balance of charge, which is the consequence of selective pre-charging (SPC), causes the shifting of logic from 0 (or 1) to 1 (or 0) very quickly. The technique is implemented for a 4-bit adder module and the SPICE simulation results are compared with a similar Manchester carry adder.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
TestSmart-High Production Volume Chemicals: An Approach to Implementing Alternatives into Regulatory Toxicology (2001)

This article examines the status and application of alternatives defined as replacements, refinements, and reduction for screening high production volume (HPV) chemicals. It specifically focuses on the Screening Information Data Set (SIDS), a series of toxicological tests recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to screen such chemicals. Alternative tests associated with acute, repeat-dose, genetic, and reproductive and developmental toxicity were examined at 2 meetings of academic, industry, and regulatory scientists and their status determined. Tests were placed in 1 of 3 categories: ready for immediate use, in need of or currently undergoing validation, or needing research/developmental work. With respect to traditional acute toxicity testing, the basal cytotoxicity approach was placed in the category of research with the up-and-down, fixed-dose, limit test, and the acute toxic class categorized as available for immediate use and the neutral red assay under validation. Cell culture methods that could provide information on acute target organ toxicity were all categorized in the research stage. Studies of the Ah receptor were placed under validation. All alternative tests for repeat-dose toxicity were placed in the category of research. With regard to genetic toxicity, the Ames, mouse lymphoma, and Chinese hamster ovary methods were considered ready for immediate use, while the in vitro micronucleus and Syrian hamster ovary assays were placed in the validation category. All alternatives for developmental toxicity, with the exception of gene chip technology, were placed in the category of validation. Gene chip technology is considered to be in the research stage. For reproductive toxicity, sperm motility and morphology were considered as ready for immediate use, with the other assays categorized as needing validation or in the research stage. Follow-up to these results is obvious. Work needs to be conducted to move those tests from the research stage to the validation and use stage. This is one approach to the development of alternatives to SIDS. Progress along these lines would apply not only to SIDS but also to toxicology in general.
Microvessel origin and distribution in pulmonary metastases of B16 melanoma: implication for adoptive immunotherapy. (1995)

To elucidate the role of tumor vascularization on the localization of adoptively transferred, interleukin 2-activated natural killer (A-NK) cells, pulmonary B16 melanoma metastases were analyzed with respect to location, morphological appearance, origin and density of microvessels, and infiltration by A-NK cells. The B16 melanoma metastases could be divided into four subtypes according to their location (superficial or deep in the lung parenchyma) and morphological appearance (compact or loose). Localization of adoptively transferred A-NK cells into the four subtypes of B16 pulmonary metastases differed significantly. More than 800 A-NK cells/mm2 were found in metastases of the deep-loose type, compared to approximately 400/mm2 A-NK cells in the superficial-loose metastases, and less than 200 A-NK cells/mm2 in the compact subtype, regardless of its location (deep or superficial). Although the origin (pulmonary or bronchial) of the blood supply to the metastatic subtypes (as revealed by electron microscopic analyses of lungs perfused with a lanthanum solution) did not account for this difference, the density of microvessels in the metastatic subtypes correlated with the number of A-NK cells that localized into these metastases. The resistance of metastases of the compact type to infiltration of adoptively transferred effector cells might explain, in part, why adoptive immunotherapy seldom results in complete eradication of disseminated cancer.
Investigation of the elongational behavior of polymer solutions by means of an elongational rheometer (2002)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation M. Stelter, G. Brenn, A. L. Yarin, R. P. Singh, F. Durst; Investigation of the elongational behavior of polymer solutions by means of an elongational rheometer. J. Rheol. 1 March 2002; 46 (2): 507–527. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.1445185 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Characterization of prenylated protein methyltransferase in Leishmania (1999)

Prenylated protein methyltransferase, an enzyme involved in the post-translational modification of many signalling proteins, has been characterized in a parasitic flagellated protozoan, Leishmania donovani. The activity of this enzyme was monitored by the methylation of an artificial substrate, an S-prenylated cysteine analogue, with S-adenosyl-L-[methyl-3H]methionine as methyl donor. More than 85% of the methyltransferase activity was associated with membranes. The enzyme methylates N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-farnesyl-L-cysteine and N-acetyl-S-all-trans-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine, but N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-geranyl-L-cysteine only very weakly. In contrast with the enzyme from mammals, the leishmanial enzyme had a greater affinity for the farnesylated substrate than for the geranylgeranylated one. Activity in vitro was not modulated by cAMP, protein kinase C activator or guanosine 5′-[γ-thio]triphosphate. An analysis of the endogenous substrates showed that the carboxymethylated proteins were also isoprenylated. The main carboxymethylated proteins have molecular masses of 95, 68, 55, 46, 34-23, 18 and less than 14 kDa. Treatment of cells with N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-farnesyl-L-cysteine decreased the carboxymethylation level, whereas treatment with guanosine 5′-[γ-thio]triphosphate increased the carboxymethylation of various proteins, particularly those of molecular masses 30-20 kDa.
Bendable polymer electrolyte fuel cell using highly flexible Ag nanowire percolation network current collectors (2013)

This study reports a polymer electrolyte fuel cell based on polydimethylsiloxane coated with a flexible current-collecting layer of Ag nanowire percolation networks. The reactive area of the bendable fuel cell was 9 cm2 and showed the maximum absolute power of 639 mW (the power density was 71 mW cm−2) under various bending conditions. Impedance spectra of the operating cell revealed that ohmic and Faradaic resistances decreased under the bent condition. Overall, the degree of bending improves the cell performances. The structural modeling result showed that decrease of the resistance and corresponding performance enhancement were due to the increased compressive force normal to the membrane electrode assembly, which was investigated through finite element simulation of the stress within the bendable fuel cell.
Statistics of PMD-induced power fading for double sideband and single sideband subcarrier-multiplexed signals (2002)

We experimentally and numerically compare the statistics of power fading for double sideband (DSB) and single sideband (SSB) subcarrier-multiplexed signals under high polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) conditions (average differential group delay (DGD) 40 ps) with and without dynamic first-order polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) compensation. We find that both SSB-SCM and DSB-SCM subcarrier multiplexed signals exhibit similar sensitivity to PMD-induced power fading. Reduces the worst case fading penalty by -20 dB.