gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyimides 6: Synthesis, characterization, and comparison of properties of novel fluorinated poly(ether imides) (2004)

Abstract Five new poly(ether imides) have been prepared on reaction with oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODA) with five different diamines: 1,4‐bis( p ‐aminophenoxy‐2′‐trifluoromethyl benzyl) benzene, 4,4′‐bis( p ‐aminophenoxy‐2′‐trifluoromethyl benzyl) benzene, 1,3‐bis( p ‐aminophenoxy‐2′‐trifluoromethyl benzyl) benzene, 2,6‐bis( p ‐aminophenoxy‐2′‐trifluoromethyl benzyl) pyridine, and 2,5‐bis( p ‐aminophenoxy‐2′‐trifluoromethyl benzyl) thiophene. Synthesized polymers showed good solubility in different organic solvents. The polyimide films have low water absorption of 0.3–0.7%, low dielectric constants of 2.82–3.19 at 1 MHz, and high optical transparency at 500 nm (>73%). These polyimides showed very high thermal stability with decomposition temperatures (5% weight loss) up to 531°C in air and good isothermal stability; only 0.4% weight loss occurred at 315°C after 5 h. Transparent thin films of these polyimides exhibited tensile strength up to 147 MPa, a modulus of elasticity up to 2.51 GPa and elongation at break up to 30% depending upon the repeating unit structure. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 821–832, 2004
Potential of stimulated Brillouin scattering as sensing mechanism for distributed temperature sensors (1989)

It is demonstrated that stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) occurring in the core of an optical fibre may be used in the construction of a distributed temperature sensor. Initial experiments with a length of fibre have shown that the sensitivity of the Stokes frequency to temperature is approximately 5.5MHz/°C and that different Stokes frequencies may be observed according to the temperature distribution along the fibre.
Transparent Conducting Films of Indium Tin Oxide with 3D Mesopore Architecture (2006)

Transparent, conductive, ordered mesoporous films of indium tin oxide (ITO) are obtained by evaporation-induced self-assembly followed by heating, using a novel block-copolymer template (see figure). The combination of conductivity and accessible porosity offers high potential for novel applications. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c1224_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
An Essential Yeast Gene Encoding a Homolog of Ubiquitin-activating Enzyme (1995)

Ubiquitin (Ub) activation by the Ub-activating (E1) enzyme is the initial and essential step common to all of the known processes that involve post-translational conjugation of Ub to itself or other proteins. The "activated" Ub, linked via a thioester bond to a specific cysteine residue in one of several Ub-conjugating (E2) enzymes, which catalyze the formation of isopeptide bonds between the C-terminal glycine of Ub and lysine residues of acceptor proteins. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a 114-kDa E1 enzyme is encoded by an essential gene termed UBA1 (McGrath, J.P., Jentsch, S., and Varshavsky, A. (1991) EMBO J. 10, 227-236). We describe the isolation and analysis of another essential gene, termed UBA2, that encodes a 71-kDa protein with extensive sequence similarities to both the UBA1-encoded yeast E1 and E1 enzymes of other organisms. The regions of similarities between Uba1p and Uba2p encompass a putative ATP-binding site as well as a sequence that is highly conserved between the known E1 enzymes and contains the active-site cysteine of E1. This cysteine is shown to be required for an essential function of Uba2p, suggesting that Uba2p-catalyzed reactions involved a transient thioester bond between Uba2p and either Ub or another protein. Uba2p is located largely in the nucleus. The putative nuclear localization signal of Uba2p is near its C terminus. The Uba1p (E1 enzyme) and Uba2p cannot complement each others essential functions even if their subcellular localization is altered by mutagenesis. Uba2p appears to interact with itself and several other S. cerevisiae proteins with apparent molecular masses of 52, 63, 87, and 120 kDa. Uba2p is multiubiquitinated in vivo, suggesting that at least a fraction of Uba2p is metabolically unstable. Uba2p is likely to be a component of the Ub system that functions as either an E2 or E1/E2 enzyme.
Investigation of Lithium Metal Hydride Materials for Mitigation of Deep Space Radiation (2016)

United States
Instant modification of graphite nanosheets by the grafting of a styrene oligomer under microwave radiation (2008)

Abstract Instant grafting polymerization of styrene initiated by microwave radiation on the surface of graphite nanosheets (GNs) was carried out. The stability of the modified GN dispersions in different solvents indicated significant changes in the surface properties of GNs. In comparison with GNs without modification, the modified GNs showed more stable suspensions in a nonpolar organic solvent such as toluene and were more likely to form a precipitate when dispersed in distilled water, a polar solvent. Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis were used to confirm the functionalized GNs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Wideband ZVS half-bridge circuit for piezoelectric transformers with small inductance (2012)

A wideband zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) half-bridge circuit for piezoelectric transformers is introduced. The proposed circuit topology is the extension of the inductor-less half-bridge driver for the piezoelectric transformers. Two auxiliary shunt circuits are connected to the input terminal PT to ensure the ZVS condition in a wide bandwidth. Each auxiliary shunt circuit includes a diode, a switch and an inductor. The auxiliary inductor exhibits a small inductance and is not in the path of the major power flow, thus it can be implemented by the parasitic inductance of the connection wires or by PCB tracks. A 80kHz piezoelectric transformer was tested by the proposed circuit from 20 to 160 kHz to verify the ZVS condition.
Apresentação (2003)

Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications.
A CLASSIFICATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES PRODUCING LOSS OF FUNCTION (1951)

Journal Article A CLASSIFICATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES PRODUCING LOSS OF FUNCTION Get access SYDNEY SUNDERLAND SYDNEY SUNDERLAND Deparment of Anatomy and Histology, University of MelbourneAustralia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 74, Issue 4, December 1951, Pages 491–516, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/74.4.491 Published: 01 December 1951
High‐efficiency and high‐speed germanium photodetector enabled by multiresonant photonic crystal (2020)

Abstract High‐efficiency and high‐speed photodetectors with broadband responses are playing pivotal roles for wavelength‐division multiplexing optical communications. Germanium photodetectors on silicon platforms exhibit potential cost advantage due to the compatibility for monolithic integration with silicon‐based electronic circuits for signal amplification and processing. In this article, we report a normal incidence, germanium photodetector enabled by guided‐mode resonances in photonic crystal, which successfully resolved the compromise between quantum efficiency, wavelength coverage and bandwidth requirement, a drawback usually faced by conventional photodetectors operating at normal incidence. The resonant photonic crystal structure is designed to support multiple resonances in the target wavelength range. With an intrinsic absorption layer thickness of 350 nm, the device achieved a high external quantum efficiency of 50% at 1550 nm, along with an enhancement around 300% for the entire C‐band. Using a mesa diameter of 14 μm, the fabricated device exhibited a 3‐dB bandwidth of 33 GHz and obtained clear eye diagrams at bit rate up to 56 Gbps. This work provides a promising method to design high‐efficiency, high‐speed, normal incidence germanium photodetectors for optical interconnect systems.
CUSHAW2-GPU: Empowering Faster Gapped Short-Read Alignment Using GPU Computing (2013)

We present CUSHAW2-GPU to accelerate the CUSHAW2 algorithm using compute unified device architecture (CUDA)-enabled GPUs. Two critical GPU computing techniques, namely intertask hybrid CPU-GPU parallelism and tile-based Smith-Waterman map backtracking using CUDA, are investigated to facilitate fast alignments. By aligning both simulated and real reads to the human genome, our aligner yields comparable or better performance compared to BWA-SW, Bowtie2, and GEM. Furthermore, CUSHAW2-GPU with a Tesla K20c GPU achieves significant speedups over the multithreaded CUSHAW2, BWA-SW, Bowtie2, and GEM on the 12 cores of a high-end CPU for both single-end and paired-end alignment.
Hypocalcæmia and serum levels of inorganic phosphorus, magnesium parathyroid and calcitonin hormones in the last month of pregnancy in Awassi fat-tail ewes (1990)

Serum levels of calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), parathyroid (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) hormones of fat-tail Awassi ewes were determined during the last month of pregnancy. The incidence of hypocalcaemia (HCE) was 13.4% of the obstetrical cases examined. Twenty-six (81.3%) of 32 ewes with HCE were 4 yr of age or older. Significant decreases (p less than 0.01) in serum Ca levels from normal values or controls (n = 6; 10.04 +/- 0.22% (w/w)) to pathological values (4.30 +/- 0.35% (w/w)) caused severe clinical manifestations in 75% of affected ewes. This HCE was accompanied by a significant increase in the PTH level (142.6 +/- 9.1 pmol/l in comparison to 99.7 +/- 9.3 pmol/l in controls, p less than 0.05) and significant decrease in serum CT level (98.2 +/- 7.6 pg/ml in comparison to 144.6 +/- 25.7 pg/ml in controls; p less than 0.05). Intravenous administration of Ca borogluconate yielded normal Ca levels which were accompanied by a decrease in serum PTH levels and an increase in CT levels to normal values.
Progress on treatment of hepatorenal syndrome (2011)

肝肾综合征(hepatorenal syndrome,HRS)是发生于晚期肝硬化腹水或肝衰竭患者的潜在可逆性的功能性肾衰竭,也可发生于急性肝衰竭和洒精性肝炎患者.其特征是内脏动脉血管扩张,外周血管阻力降低和全身动脉血压降低,肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统和交感神经系统过度激活,肾血管强烈收缩,肾血流量和肾小球滤过率显著降低,肾功能严重受损.其具体发病机制非常复杂,至今没有完全阐明.近年来,比较认可的机制有动脉扩张学说、肝硬化性心肌病学说等,这些机制的深入研究为临床诊断、治疗和预防等提供了理论基础.近年来对HRS诊治领域的研究有了新的进展,现报道如下。
Astrocyte and microglial motility in vitro is functionally dependent on the hyaluronan receptor RHAMM (1994)

RHAMM (Receptor for Hyaluronic Acid Mediated Motility) has been identified as a receptor for the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) and was recently shown to be essential for the locomotion of normal and transformed peripheral cells. Until now the potential role of RHAMM in the motility of neural-derived cells has not been investigated. Here, we report that cultured primary astrocytes, astrocyte cell lines, and microglia express this receptor and exhibit RHAMM-dependent motility. Immunocytochemical localization of RHAMM showed that it was often present as aggregates at the periphery of cells in contact with one another or concentrated on protruding processes of isolated cells. Glial cells contained 50 and 72 kDa forms of RHAMM, and both of these forms were found to have HA binding capacity. Time lapse imaging of cell locomotion revealed a significant inhibition of motility and process elongation by neutralizing anti-RHAMM antibodies and by peptides corresponding to the HA binding domains of RHAMM. These results demonstrate that RHAMM serves a role in glial cell locomotion in vitro and provide the basis for investigations of the motile behavior of glial cells in vivo after CNS injury.
Deflection characteristics of a trapezoidal multilayer in-plane bending piezoelectric actuator (2001)

A novel multilayer split-morph actuator has been designed and fabricated using the thick film screen-printing technology. Deflection characteristics of the split-morph actuator have been investigated by theoretical analysis and experimental measurement. The results indicate that the tip displacement is inversely proportional to the thickness of each piezoelectric layer, but is independent of the number of layers and the total thickness of the actuator. The displacement/voltage sensitivity of the trapezoidal actuator is larger than that of the rectangular design, assuming both have the same width of clamped end and the same thickness of the piezoelectric layers. The maximum displacement/voltage sensitivity of 0.157 micron/V was obtained with a split-morph actuator with 30-micron thick layers. The proposed actuator is a promising candidate for the secondary fine-tuning actuator of a dual stage head-positioning servo system in high density hard disk drives.
Reliability analysis in distributed systems (1988)

Reliability of a distributed processing system is an important design parameter that can be described in terms of the reliability of processing elements and communication links and also of the redundancy of programs and data files. The traditional terminal-pair reliability does not capture the redundancy of programs and files in a distributed system. Two reliability measures are introduced: distributed program reliability, which describes the probability of successful execution of a program requiring cooperation of several computers, and distributed system reliability, which is the probability that all the specified distributed programs for the system are operational. These two reliability measures can be extended to incorporate the effects of user sites on reliability. An efficient approach based on graph traversal is developed to evaluate the proposed reliability measures.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bis[boranatobis(dimethylphosphoniumylidenemethylide)] complexes of manganese(II) and cobalt(II): stable, homoleptic tetraalkyls of paramagnetic transition-metal centers (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis[boranatobis(dimethylphosphoniumylidenemethylide)] complexes of manganese(II) and cobalt(II): stable, homoleptic tetraalkyls of paramagnetic transition-metal centersGerhard Mueller, Dietmar Neugebauer, Walter Geike, Frank H. Koehler, Juergen Pebler, and Hubert SchmidbaurCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 2, 257–263Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00074a009https://doi.org/10.1021/om00074a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views162Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mechanism of the Interaction of β<sub>2</sub>-Glycoprotein I with Negatively Charged Phospholipid Membranes (2001)

In an attempt to understand the multifunctional involvement of beta(2)-glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) in autoimmune diseases, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory processes, substantial interest is focused on the interaction of beta(2)GPI with negatively charged ligands, in particular, with acidic phospholipids. In this study, unilamellar vesicles composed of cardiolipin were used as in vitro membrane system to test and further refine a model of interaction based on the crystal structure of beta(2)GPI. The data suggest that beta(2)GPI anchors to the membrane surface with its hydrophobic loop adjacent to the positively charged lysine rich region in domain V. Subsequently, beta(2)GPI penetrates the membrane interfacial headgroup region as indicated by a restriction of the lipid side chain mobility, but without formation of a nonbilayer lipid phase. A structural rearrangement of beta(2)GPI upon lipid binding was detected by microcalorimetry and may result in the exposure of cryptic epitopes located in the complement control protein domains. This lipid-dependent conformational change may induce oligomerization of beta(2)GPI and promote intermolecular associations. Thus, the aggregation tendency of beta(2)GPI may serve as the basis for the formation of a molecular link between cells but may also be an essential feature for binding of autoantibodies and hence determine the role of beta(2)GPI in autoimmune diseases.
Deep dry etching techniques as a new IC compatible tool for silicon micromachining (2002)

Deep dry etching of single-crystal silicon with IC-compatible masking materials for microstructure fabrication is reported. Reactive ion etching using chlorine/fluorine gases and positive photoresist mask produces up to 30 mu m deep silicon steps with vertical sidewalls. Plasma etching with fluorine/oxygen gas mixtures shows rather isotropic etch behavior; however, high selectivities of 20, 85, and greater than 300 for photoresist, silicon dioxide, and aluminum masks, respectively, permit etch depths of up to several hundreds of microns. Since these dry etching techniques are reproducible and controllable they indicate favorable features for application in silicon micromachining. Several examples are described: bipolar-compatible accelerometers where dry etching and KOH etching are combined, free-standing thin film microstructures (out of aluminum or silicon dioxide) realized by isotropic etching of the substrate, and thin silicon membranes fabricated by plasma etching.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Their advantages and potential clinical utility (2014)

Human umbilical cord (UC) is a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Apart from their prominent advantages, such as a painless collection procedure and faster self-renewal, UC-MSCs have shown the ability to differentiate into three germ layers, to accumulate in damaged tissue or inflamed regions, to promote tissue repair, and to modulate immune response. There are diverse protocols and culture methods for the isolation of MSCs from the various compartments of UC, such as Wharton's jelly, vein, arteries, UC lining and subamnion and perivascular regions. In this review, we give a brief introduction to various compartments of UC as a source of MSCs and emphasize the potential clinical utility of UC-MSCs for regenerative medicine and immunotherapy.
True in situ fracturing of oil shale: preliminary results (1978)

DOE is conducting field research on true in situ fracturing and retorting of oil shale.The oil shale seam is about 40 ft. thick and has 50 to 200 ft. of overburden. This formation is located just west of Rock Springs, Wyoming. Several different sites have been tested in this research effort. Methods for fracturing oil shale under true in situ conditions at the field laboratory include electro-linking, hydraulic fracturing, well-bore explosives, slurried explosives and combinations of the above. One method that showed initial promise was hydraulic fracturing followed by injection and detonation of a slurried explosive in the fracture created. The objective of the fracturing experiment was to produce a distributed fracture network with sufficient porosity, permeability and uniformity for retorting. Three horizontal hydraulic fractures were formed in the shale bed. A slurry explosive was inserted and detonated in two of the three fractures. Post-detonation fracture assessment involved direct coring, well bore logging (including TV and caliper), air acceptance, and tracer flow tests. The results indicate that the stresses were sufficient to cause fracturing but that there was no significant tumbling. The major fractures apparent after detonation of the slurry were in the same positions as the hydraulic fractures. Flowmore » logging showed that most of the air passage through the system was through these fractures. Preliminary modeling of the system shows that the existing fractures should support combustion and that shale will be retorted as much as one meter away from the fractures. Since the fractures are less than two meters apart, retorting should be possible. To test this idea, bench scale tests on blocks of oil shale with small fractures are being performed. A small scale two-hole ''burn'' will be attempted in late September, followed by a full scale burn of the five spot pattern.« less
An adjustable model for linear to nonlinear regression (2003)

A basic limitation of all data-driven approximation methods is their inability to extrapolate accurately once the input is outside of the training data range. This paper examines the effectiveness and utility of combining a linear regression model with general regression neural network or modified probabilistic neural network for better linear extrapolation and function approximation. For a given set of training data, this combination provides a way of fine tuning the model by the adjustment of a single smoothing parameter as well as providing linear extrapolation.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure of Cyclopenta[<i>c</i>]thiophenes and Their Manganese Complexes (2005)

1,3-Diaryl-4H-cyclopenta[c]thiophenes are efficiently prepared from 1,2-diaroylcyclopentadienes by use of Lawesson's reagent. eta5-Cyclopenta[c]thienyl complexes, [Mn(eta5-SC7H3-1,3-R2)(CO)3] (R = Me, Ph), are prepared in high yield by ligand substitution reactions of [MnBr(CO)5] with [SnMe3(SC7H3-1,3-R2)]. Alternatively, thiation with P4S10/NaHCO3 converts [Mn{eta5-1,2-C5H3(COR)2)(CO)3] to [Mn(eta5-SC7H3-1,3-R2)(CO)3] (R = Ph, 4-tolyl, 4-MeOC6H4, benzo[2,3-b]thienyl). The molecular structures of complexes with R = Me, Ph show planar eta5-cyclopenta[c]thienyl ligands, with the manganese atom slightly displaced away from the ring-fusion bond.
Excellent Switching Uniformity of Cu-Doped $\hbox{MoO}_{x}/\hbox{GdO}_{x}$ Bilayer for Nonvolatile Memory Applications (2009)

We have investigated a Cu-doped MoO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /GdO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> bilayer film for nonvolatile memory applications. By adopting an ultrathin GdO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> layer, we obtained excellent device characteristics such as resistance ratio of three orders of magnitude, uniform distribution of set and reset voltages, switching endurance up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> cycles, and ten years of data retention at 85degC. By adopting bilayer films of Cu-doped MoO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /GdO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> , a local filament was formed by a two-step process. Improved memory characteristics can be explained by the formation of nanoscale local filament in the ultrathin GdO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> layer.