gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SDN Partitioning: A Centralized Control Plane for Distributed Routing Protocols (2016)

Hybrid IP networks that use both control paradigms - distributed and centralized - promise the best of two worlds: 1) programmability of software-defined networking (SDN) and 2) reliability and fault tolerance of distributed routing protocols, like open shortest path first (OSPF). Typically, a hybrid network deploys SDN to control prioritized traffic and OSPF to assure care-free operation of best effort traffic. We propose a new hybrid network architecture, called SDN partitioning (SDNp), which establishes centralized control over the distributed routing protocol by partitioning the topology into sub-domains with SDN-enabled border nodes. In our approach, OSPF's routing updates have to traverse SDN border nodes to reach neighboring sub-domains. This allows the central controller to modify how sub-domains view one another, which in turn allows to steer inter-sub-domain traffic. The degree of dynamic control against simplicity of OSPF can be traded off by adjusting the size of the sub-domains. This paper studies the technical requirements, presents a novel scheme for balanced topology partitioning, and provides the corresponding network management models for SDNp. Our performance evaluation shows that - already in its minimum configuration with two sub-domains - SDNp provides significant improvements in all respects compared to legacy routing protocols, whereas smaller sub-domains provide network control capabilities comparable to full SDN deployment.
α<sub>1</sub>‐antitrypsin inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth (2004)

Disturbances of the ratio between angiogenic inducers and inhibitors in tumor microenvironment are the driving force behind angiogenic switch critical for tumor progression. Angiogenic inhibitors may vary depending on organismal age and the tissue of origin. We showed that alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT), a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) is an inhibitor of angiogenesis, which induced apoptosis and inhibited chemotaxis of endothelial cells. S- and Z-type mutations that cause abnormal folding and defective serpin activity abrogated AAT antiangiogenic activity. Removal of the C-terminal reactive site loop had no effect on its angiostatic activity. Both native AAT and AAT truncated on C-terminus (AATDelta) inhibited neovascularization in the rat cornea and delayed the growth of subcutaneous tumors in mice. Treatment with native AAT and truncated AATDelta, but not control vehicle reduced tumor microvessel density, while increasing apoptosis within tumor endothelium. Comparative analysis of the human tumors and normal tissues of origin showed correlation between reduced local alpha(1)-antitrypsin expression and more aggressive tumor growth.
Dielectric behavior of single crystals near the (1−X) Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-(x) PbTiO<sub>3</sub>morphotropic phase boundary (1990)

Abstract Single crystals in the lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate-(1−x) Pb(Mg1/3 Nb2/3)O3-(x) PbTiO3 solid solution system were grown using a flux growth technique. Crystals over the compositional range of 0.3 ≤ ′ ≤ 0.4 being near the rhombohedra1 (pseudo-cubic)-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary were characterized. The dielectric behavior along the pseudo cubic [111] and [100] directions were measured as a function of temperature and frequency. The effect of poling was also examined.
Preparation of Highly Monodispersed Hybrid Silica Spheres Using a One-Step Sol−Gel Reaction in Aqueous Solution (2007)

The successful one-step preparation method of monodisperse hybrid silica particles was studied using organosilane chemicals in aqueous solution. In general, almost all of the hybrid silica materials were made by a complex method where organic materials were coated on the surface of silica substrate via chemical reaction. However, our novel method can be applied to prepare colloidal hybrid particles without using substrate material. This method has three advantages: (i) this simple method gives the opportunity to prepare hybrid particles with high monodispersity through the self-hydrolysis of various organosilane monomers in aqueous solution, (ii) this efficient method can be applied to load lots of organic functional groups on the surface of silica particles through a one-step preparation method using only organosilane, and (iii) this effective method can be used to control the particle size of the product by changing the experimental conditions such as the concentration of the precursor or the reaction temperature. Detailed characterization of the hybrid particles by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to elucidate the morphologies and properties of the hybrid silica particles.
An Efficient and Modular Route to Sequence‐Defined Polymers Appended to DNA (2014)

Inspired by biological polymers, sequence-controlled synthetic polymers are highly promising materials that integrate the robustness of synthetic systems with the information-derived activity of biological counterparts. Polymer-biopolymer conjugates are often targeted to achieve this union; however, their synthesis remains challenging. We report a stepwise solid-phase approach for the generation of completely monodisperse and sequence-defined DNA-polymer conjugates using readily available reagents. These polymeric modifications to DNA display self-assembly and encapsulation behavior-as evidenced by HPLC, dynamic light scattering, and fluorescence studies-which is highly dependent on sequence order. The method is general and has the potential to make DNA-polymer conjugates and sequence-defined polymers widely available.
Manual for the identification of medical bacteria. (1965)

Manual for the identification of medical bacteria , Manual for the identification of medical bacteria , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Asymmetric Synthesis by Chiral Ruthenium Complexes, I: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ketones and Ketoximes Catalyzed by H<sub>4</sub>Ru<sub>4</sub>(CO)<sub>8</sub>[(—)-DIOP]<sub>2</sub> (1975)

H4Ru4(CO)8[(—)-DIOP]2 catalyzes asymmetric hydrogenation of carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen double bond at high temperature and pressure. For the case of t.butylphenylketoxim the degree of asymmetric induction reaches 14.5 %.
Liposomal Co-Entrapment of CD40mAb Induces Enhanced IgG Responses against Bacterial Polysaccharide and Protein (2008)

Liposomal co-encapsulation with CD40 antibody may represent a practical means of producing more immunogenic multivalent vaccines and inducing IgG responses against polysaccharides without the need for conjugation.
Involvement of small RNAs and role of the <i>qde</i> genes in the gene silencing pathway in <i>Neurospora</i> (2002)

Small RNA molecules have been found to be specifically associated with posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in both plants and animals. Here, we find that small sense and antisense RNAs are also involved in PTGS in Neurospora crassa. The accumulation of these RNA molecules depends on the presence of functional qde-1 and qde-3 genes previously shown to be essential for gene silencing, but does not depend on a functional qde-2, indicating that this gene is involved in a downstream step of the gene silencing pathway. Supporting this idea, a purified QDE2 protein complex was found to contain small RNA molecules, suggesting that QDE2 could be part of a small RNA-directed ribonuclease complex involved in sequence-specific mRNA degradation.
Rosiglitazone (BRL49653), a PPARγ-selective agonist, causes peroxisome proliferator-like liver effects in obese mice (1999)

The PPAR (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor) transcription factors are ligand-activated nuclear receptors that regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism and homeostasis. PPARalpha is preferentially expressed in liver and PPARgamma preferentially in adipose tissue. Activation of PPARalpha leads to peroxisome proliferation and increased beta-oxidation of fatty acids in rodents. PPARgamma-activation leads to adipocyte differentiation and improved insulin signaling of mature adipocytes. Both PPAR receptors are believed to be functional targets for treatment of hyperlipidemia in man. We have treated obese diabetic mice (ob/ob), which have highly elevated levels of plasma triglycerides, glucose and insulin, for 1 week with WY14,643 (180 micromol/kg/day), a selective PPARalpha agonist, or rosiglitazone (BRL49653; 2.5 micromol/kg/day), a selective PPARgamma agonist. The doses used produce a similar therapeutic effect in both treatment groups (lowering of triglycerides and glucose). High resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of livers showed that WY14,643 and rosiglitazone both produced changes in expression pattern of many proteins involved in peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. However, similar experiments performed in lean mice showed significant up-regulation of these proteins only with WY14,643 treatment. Furthermore, the proteins up-regulated by the drugs in obese mice had a higher basal expression in obese controls compared to the lean littermates. Liver PPARgamma mRNA levels were determined and we observed that PPARgamma2 mRNA levels were elevated in obese mice compared to lean littermates. As PPARalpha and PPARgamma recognize similar DNA response elements, it is likely that the effects of rosiglitazone on PPARalpha responsive genes in livers of the ob/ob mice are mediated by PPARgamma2.
Soldering with light! (1995)

With the ever‐decreasing size of electronic components, examines the use of laser soldering, particularly of fine‐pitch, high value devices. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using lasers and the applications to which they are suited. Looks at the different types of lasers and how their different wavelength of operation affects the soldering process. Describes an experimental laser soldering station and its ability to solder circuit boards. Concludes that modern electronic component packaging technology is demanding new techniques for the interconnection of devices, and that the application of lasers to the traditional technique of soldering will enable this tested process to be applicable to the very fine pitch devices now being introduced.
Reversible inhibition of voltage-dependent outer hair cell motility and capacitance (1991)

Outer hair cells (OHC) from the organ of Corti are capable of fast voltage-induced length changes (Santos-Sacchi and Dilger, 1988), suggesting that an associated voltage sensor should reside in the OHC plasma membrane. Voltage-dependent mechanical responses and nonlinear charge movement of isolated OHCs from the guinea pig were analyzed using the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. Ionic currents in the cells were blocked. Nonlinear voltage-dependent charge movement or, correspondingly, voltage-dependent capacitance was measured with step or AC analysis. OHC movements were measured either from video or using a differential photodiode technique. Maximum charge movements up to 2.5 pC were measured in OHCs from the low-frequency region of the cochlea. Both AC and step analyses indicated a peak nonlinear capacitance of 16-17 pF. The voltage dependence was fit to a Boltzmann relation with the step analysis indicating a maximum nonlinear capacitance at -23 mV step potential from a holding potential of about -120 mV, and AC analysis indicating a maximum at a holding potential near -40 mV. AC analysis probably provides a more accurate evaluation of voltage dependence. Measures of OHC motility magnitude versus voltage follow the nonlinear capacitance-voltage function obtained from AC measures. Treatment of the cells with gadolinium ions (0.5-1 mM) blocked OHC motility. This treatment also produced a shift of the nonlinear capacitance function along the voltage axis in the depolarizing direction, which can be explained by membrane surface charge screening. However, maximum capacitance was reduced as well and may correspond to the reduction or abolition of OHC motility in response to gadolinium treatment. Gadolinium effects were reversible. Nonlinear capacitance is not a function of membrane deformation due to length changes, since removal of OHC cytosol via the patch pipette abolished longitudinal movement but did not reduce nonlinear charge movement. It is interesting to note that the nonlinear capacitance will dynamically influence the time constant of the OHC during acoustically evoked receptor potential generation.
Energy Effects in Bubble Nucleation (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnergy Effects in Bubble NucleationMelbourne L. JacksonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 4, 929–933Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00028a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00028a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views215Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A conversational movie search system based on conditional random fields (2012)

Online streaming companies such as Netflix have become dominant in the media distribution sector. However, such media delivery services often support very rudimentary search, especially for natural language queries. To provide a more natural search interface, we have developed a conversational movie search system, which parses the recognition hypothesis of a spoken query into semantic classes using conditional random fields (CRFs), and then searches an indexed database with the identified semantics. Topic modeling on user-generated content (e.g., movie reviews) is employed for query expansion. Thirteen searching schemas are supported (such as genre, plot, character and soundtrack search). A crowd-sourcing platform was utilized to automatically collect large-scale annotated data for incremental CRF training.
The Microecology of Clostridium difficile (1993)

An understanding of the microecology of Clostridium difficile provides for a better understanding of the disease that this organism causes. C. difficile is not a significant component of the microflora in the colon of healthy adult humans or animals; however, it can establish large populations in antibiotic-treated or gnotobiotic animals and in infants before they acquire a complete flora. Major factors that determine whether or not disease develops are: (1) the size of the C. difficile populations; (2) the toxigenicity of the colonizing strain; (3) the presence of other organisms that affect toxin expression or activity; (4) susceptibility of the host; and possibly (5) a strain's adhesion to colonic epithelium. The rest of the colonic flora determines the size of the C. difficile population, at least in part by limiting available nutrients. In outbreaks, most C. difficile disease is caused by nosocomial strains. Environmental contamination with spores and spread via the hands of health care workers have been implicated in transmission. Information with regard to this organism's microecology suggests alternative approaches to the control of disease.
Reconfigurable hardware SAT solvers: a survey of systems (2004)

By adapting to computations that are not so well-supported by general-purpose processors, reconfigurable systems achieve significant increases in performance. Such computational systems use high-capacity programmable logic devices and are based on processing units customized to the requirements of a particular application. A great deal of the research effort in this area is aimed at accelerating the solution of combinatorial optimization problems. Special attention in this context was given to the Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem resulting in a considerable number of different architectures being proposed. This paper presents the state-of-the-art in reconfigurable hardware SAT satisfiers. The analysis and classification of existing systems has been performed according to such criteria as algorithmic issues, reconfiguration modes, the execution model, the programming model, logic capacity, and performance.
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: History for More than 30 Years (2012)

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a minimally invasive technique to treat liver tumors, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE was used in early times to treat liver tumor patients with emergencies caused by symptomatic humoral hypercalcemia and develops gradually from the procedures of diagnostic angiography and transcatheter injection of agents and is in particular performed in the treatment of HCC. Since the beginning of this century, TACE has been used extensively in the palliative treatment of unresectable HCC. In recent years, it is indicated in selected patients with early-stage HCC. This review introduces the evolution of TACE for more than 30 years, its role in comprehensive treatment of HCC, the tendency of its refinement in future, and the combination use of TACE with other local ablative methods for the curative result of HCC.
Surfactant Systems for EOR in High-Temperature, High-Salinity Environments (2011)

Summary A systematic study was made of phase behavior of alkoxyglycidylether sulfonates (AGESs). These surfactants were screened with either NaCl-only brines or NaCl-only brines and n-octane at water/ oil ratio (WOR) ~1 for temperatures between approximately 85 and 120°C. All test cases were free of alcohols and other cosolvents. Classical Winsor phase behavior was observed in most scans, with optimal salinities ranging from less than 1% NaCl to more than 20% NaCl for AGESs with suitable combinations of hydrophobe and alkoxy chain type [ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO)] and chain length. Oil solubilization was high, indicating that ultralow interfacial tensions existed near optimal conditions. The test results for 120°C at WOR~1 have been summarized in a map, which might provide a useful guide for initial selection of such surfactants for EOR processes. Saline solutions of AGESs separate at elevated temperatures into two liquid phases (the cloud-point phenomenon), which may be problematic when they are injected into high-temperature reservoirs. An example is provided that indicates that this situation can be alleviated by blending suitable AGES and internal olefin sulfonate (IOS) surfactants. Synergy between the two types of surfactant resulted in transparent, single-phase aqueous solutions for some blends, but not for the individual surfactants, over a range of conditions including in synthetic seawater. Such blends are promising because both AGES and IOS surfactants have structural features that can be adjusted during manufacture to give a range of properties to suit reservoir conditions (temperature, salinity, and crude-oil type).
Investigation of integrated passive device with through-silicon via (2012)

For RF devices, TSV contributes not only inductance but also cross-talk or interference to functional blocks. Careful designs, which take into account the TSV impact in a 3D manner, are required for fast prototyping. In this paper, typical functional circuits (inductors, LPF, BPF) are used to investigate the impact from TSV structures. Samples are made and measured using wafer-probing method. All the samples have passed reliability tests. Good correlation validates the design and simulation approach. In addition, all the IPD with TSV structures show good RF performance. This indicates that the IPD with TSV structures on such substrate can be satisfactorily used for RF applications. Based on circuit complexity, by using TSV the IPD can be 20%-30% smaller than conventional fc-IPD or wire-bondable IPD, which may offset the added cost of TSV process to some extent.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: An Update (2018)

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) drives the progression of cells into the S- and M-phases of the cell cycle. CDK2 activity is largely dispensable for normal development, but it is critically associated with tumor growth in multiple cancer types. Although the role of CDK2 in tumorigenesis has been controversial, emerging evidence proposes that selective CDK2 inhibition may provide a therapeutic benefit against certain tumors, and it continues to appeal as a strategy to exploit in anticancer drug development. Several small-molecule CDK2 inhibitors have progressed to the clinical trials. However, a CDK2-selective inhibitor is yet to be discovered. Here, we discuss the latest understandings of the role of CDK2 in normal and cancer cells, review the core pharmacophores used to target CDK2, and outline strategies for the rational design of CDK2 inhibitors. We attempt to provide an outlook on how CDK2-selective inhibitors may open new avenues for cancer therapy.
The Discussion of Bernoulli Equation under Dissimilar Condition Each Physics Significance (2008)

Bernoulli equation is an energy equation;there is many ways of deduced process.This article deduced Bernoulli equation according to the principle of work and power in terms of dynamics.We are not only research the deduced process of Bernoulli equation when frictionless fluid is doing steady flow also discuss the physical significance of each item under different terms.In the end,we discuss the physical significance of p/ρ items.
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of palifermin for mucosal protection from chemotherapy and radiation (2011)

There is sufficient data for a beneficial effect of palifermin prophylaxis for patients with hematological cancers receiving high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation as well as patients with head and neck cancer receiving combined irradiation and chemotherapy. In less mucotoxic regimens, dose and schedule of palifermin to achieve protection from mucositis are less well defined. The balance of benefit and unwanted effects has to be evaluated and weighed for individual chemotherapy regimens and patient groups. Further research on the prevention of mucositis should aim to determine the patient's individual risk to develop severe mucositis.
A tunable polarization-independent liquid-crystal Fabry-Perot interferometer filter (1992)

The authors propose a simple structure for a tunable polarization-independent wavelength-selective filter. This successfully fabricated filter consists of a liquid crystal Fabry-Perot interferometer, a gamma /4 plate, and a mirror. The input light is divided into a transmitted light and a reflected light. The polarization of this reflected light is rotated 90 degrees by the gamma /4 plate and the mirror and then this light is input again into the filter. The bandwidth is 0.48 nm and the tuning range is 50 nm. Fiber-to-fiber loss is approximately 3.9 dB and polarization dependence of the loss is approximately 0.3 dB.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>