gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of erbium-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide (2000)

The 1.54 μm Er3+ photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of erbium-doped silicon-rich silicon oxide (SRSO) are investigated. Between 350 and 820 nm, PLE spectra are broad and featureless, and the PL spectra are independent of the excitation wavelengths. The results indicate that in erbium-doped SRSO, the Er3+ luminescence is dominated by a single class of Er sites with a strong coupling to all the carriers in the silicon nanograins.
Electrical Characteristics of Copper/Polyimide Thin-Film Multilayer Interconnects (1987)

A multilayer substrate Containing two-chip emitter-coupled logic (ECL) ring oscillator circuits was fabricated and tested to determine the static and dynamic electrical characteristics of the copper/polyimide thin-film multilayer (TFML) interconnections between chips. The circuit oscillated at 122 MHz without delay lines; delay lines in the circuit enabled measurement of 88 ps/cm propagation delay and -28 dB crosstalk between adjacent parallel lines. The measured electrical characteristics agreed with predictions obtained from static electrical models and SPICE simulations of the interconnections. The ring oscillator circuit has general applications for determining dynamic electrical characteristics of a variety of packaging structures, such as co-fired ceramic single-chip packages and tape-automated-bonding (TAB) leadframes.
Comparison of the collection and desorption efficiency of activated charcoal, silver, and gold for the determination of vapor-phase atmospheric mercury (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComparison of the collection and desorption efficiency of activated charcoal, silver, and gold for the determination of vapor-phase atmospheric mercuryRonny. Dumarey, Richard. Dams, and Julien. HosteCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 13, 2638–2643Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00290a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00290a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Use of Caseinophosphopeptides as Natural Antioxidants in Oil-in-Water Emulsions (2003)

Chelators are valuable ingredients used to improve the oxidative stability of food emulsions. Caseins and casein peptides have phosphoseryl residues capable of binding transition metals. Thus, the ability of enriched caseinophosphopeptides to inhibit lipid oxidation in corn oil-in-water emulsions was investigated. Enriched caseinophosphopeptides (25 microM) inhibited the formation of lipid oxidation at both pH 3.0 and 7.0 as determined by lipid hydroperoxides and hexanal. Calcium (0-100 mM) had no influence on the antioxidant activity of the enriched caseinophosphopeptides. Casein hydrolysates were more effective inhibitors of lipid oxidation than the enriched caseinophosphopeptides at equal phosphorus content. Thus, antioxidant properties might not be uniquely attributed to chelating metals by phosphoseryl residues but also by scavenging free radicals. Overall, the observed antioxidant activity of casein hydrolysates means they could be utilized to decrease oxidative rancidity in foods.
Multi‐threshold and signal trend forecasting algorithms for hand‐off in cellular communications (1990)

Abstract In this paper field strength profiles are considered as time series and the use of some prediction techniques in the hand‐off process is examined in order to have meaningful handovers. Different forecasting methods are here considered taking into account parameters as memory size requirements, weighting factors and its effect on the mean square error as well as method applicability. A forecasting method is selected and the obtained results are used in novel handover procedures. This procedures use multiple threshold and take into account trend variation. Application results including effect on number of hand‐offs are here presented and it was observed a reduction on number of hand offs for the examined profiles respect to methods that rely only on current field strenght measurements.
An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from Wikipedia links (2008)

This paper describes a new technique for obtaining measures of semantic relatedness. Like other recent approaches, it uses Wikipedia to provide structured world knowledge about the terms of interest. Our approach is unique in that it does so using the hyperlink structure of Wikipedia rather than its category hierarchy or textual content. Evaluation with manually defined measures of semantic relatedness reveals this to be an effective compromise between the ease of computation of the former approach and the accuracy of the latter.!
Conventional and near net shape casting options for steel sheet<sup>†</sup> (2016)

The conventional continuous casting (CCC) of steel, starting in the 1950s, has now become the dominant casting process, worldwide. It presently accounts for about 1.5 billion tonnes of steel cast per year. Nonetheless, given the inexorable forces favouring near net shape casting (NNSC) of semi-finished products, for reasons of economy of scale, process rationalisation and the protection of the environment, the question of how long CCC can continue to dominate in the casting of steel, must remain a question. Two NNSC candidates for steel are the twin roll casting (TRC) and horizontal single belt casting (HSBC) processes. While the TRC of steel sheet by ‘CASTRIP’ has now been operating commercially for some 12 years within NUCOR, producing low carbon steel sheets, HSBC has only just been commercialised, at Salzgitter’s Peine Plant, in Germany, under the name ‘Belt Cast Technology’. It had to await the strong demand for high strength high ductility steels for the auto industry. The McGill Metals Processing Centre has been involved in both casting processes since 1987, its research being aimed at addressing the various technical aspects and fundamental problems associated with these two NNSC processes for forming steel sheet material. This paper addresses the pros and cons of NNSC processes versus CCC, and the differences between TRC and HSBC, for future steel sheet production.
Liquid crystal films confined between patterned substrates (2008)

In this thesis, systems of nematic liquid crystals confined between patterned substrates have been studied using molecular computer simulation. The aim of this work, done in parallel with experimentalists in Leeds, has been to investigate the use of chemical patterning as a novel method for controlling liquid crystal alignment. In the first part of this thesis, the study of confined systems of liquid crystalline particles has been addressed. Using the hard needle wall and hard gaussian overlap potentials, homeotropic and planar alignment of model molecules on the substrates has been induced. We have then extended the study of confined liquid crystals systems from the use of unpatterned symmetric susbtrates systems to hybrid anchored systems and, finally, to a system involving one patterned substrate. The results from this initial study show that surface anchoring can be controlled by changing the surface interaction parameter and that, by varying the surface interaction parameter across a model substrate, a pattern can be imposed on the confining surfaces.In the second part of this thesis, the substrate model developed in our initial stripe systems is used to simulate liquid crystal films confined between two identical patterned substrates. This is achieved through a comprehensive investigation of stripe patterned systems. In this, we show that, by varying key parameters like the stripe width, the surface interaction parameters and the film thickness, surface patterning can be used to control the polar anchoring angle and set the azimuthal anchoring. Our results show that a full range of tilt angles can be obtained by changing these key parameters.Following this work on striped systems, we extend our study to 2D patterned substrates (i.e. square and rectangle patterns). Here, the results show that by changing two key parameters, the surface interaction parameter and the shape of the pattern, it is possible to gain more complete control of the bulk tilt angle as the latter variesmonotonically as the key parameters are changed. We close the thesis with brief descriptions of some other substrate patternings that have been considered in this thesis work. These include circle and displaced/rotated stripe systems. We then draw some conclusions and comment on possible directions for future work.
A STUDY OF THE SYSTEM HYDROGEN CHILORIDE AND WATER. (1909)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTA STUDY OF THE SYSTEM HYDROGEN CHILORIDE AND WATER.Frank F. RupertCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1909, 31, 8, 851–866Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1909Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1909https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01938a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01938a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rule-Based Chunking and Reusability (2006)

In this paper we discuss a rule-based approach to chunking implemented using the LT-XML2 and LT-TTT2 tools. We describe the tools and the pipeline and grammars that have been developed for the task of chunking. We show that our rule-based approach is easy to adapt to different chunking styles and that the mark-up of further linguistic information such as nominal and verbal heads can be added to the rules at little extra cost. We evaluate our chunker against the CoNLL 2000 data and discuss discrepancies between our output and the CoNLL mark-up as well as discrepancies within the CoNLL data itself. We contrast our results with the higher scores obtained using machine learning and argue that the portability and flexibility of our approach still make it a more practical solution. 1.
Flagellin gene typing of Campylobacter jejuni by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (1993)

We developed and studied a molecular typing approach for Campylobacter spp. with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the flagellin gene flaA in C. jejuni. Using polymerase chain reaction, we amplified the flaA gene from strains comprising different HL:O serotypes by using a primer set directed at the conserved 5' and 3' flaA gene sequence to generate a 1.7-kb amplicon. The amplicon was further digested with the restriction enzyme DdeI, and the fragments generated were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. In 43 non-outbreak strains of six common HL serotypes (HL 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, and 36) in the United States, 18 RFLP patterns were observed. In U.S. outbreak strains previously studied by 10 other typing methods, flaA typing correlated with the HL serotype within each outbreak, and six additional flaA types were identified. Our results suggest that RFLP analysis of the flaA gene from Campylobacter spp. has sufficient discrimination to be useful as a practical typing method for clinical and epidemiologic investigations.
High-speed discrete content sensitive pattern match algorithm for deep packet filtering (2004)

Network security has long been a spotlight that draws increasing attention from all sides of society. Against this backdrop, deep processing of network packets has become an important subject for researchers. Since malicious packets often disguise their sensitive information in one way or another in order to bypass the packet filter, this paper proposes a high-speed discrete content sensitive pattern match algorithm for imperceptible deep packet filtering. The filter sets up and manages (including lookup and update) a sensitive information database, monitors both packet header and payload at line speed with hardware-based discrete content sensitive pattern match, and then executes the corresponding action. The paper mainly discusses a TCAM (ternary content addressable memory)-based pattern match algorithm as well as the architecture and performance analysis of a packet filtering system based on this algorithm. We present a totally new idea of hardware-based discrete content sensitive pattern match. Based on the result of algorithm evaluation and performance analysis, such a packet filtering system can achieve optimal functionality and efficiency that makes network monitoring much easier to work.
A token-based protocol for reliable, ordered multicast communication (2003)

A description is given of the token-passing multicast (TPM) protocol, a token-based protocol that provides reliable, ordered multicast communication for distributed process groups in the presence of failures and network partitions. The TPM protocol combines several positive features of other reliable multicast schemes into a single protocol, yet maintains a relatively simple structure and requires that only a minimal amount of state information be kept by process group members. It is designed specifically for computing environments with relatively low error rates, such as local area networks, and for process groups in which communication is symmetric, that is, each group member can send messages to the group, and the source must be a member of the group.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
E-commerce: Business, Technology, Society (2002)

From the Publisher:
B> E-Commerce: Concepts and Issues provides an overview of the current and next generations of e-commerce. The book emphasizes the three major driving forces behind e-commerce: technology change, business development, and social controversies. Each of these driving forces is represented in every chapter, and together they provide a coherent conceptual framework for understanding e-commerce. The result is sophisticated conceptual treatment of a very diverse subject that is aimed specifically at readers interested in business concepts, IS/IT developments, and computer science applications. It is written by an author team with extensive teaching, writing, and business experience. This book offers in-depth coverage of concepts in technology, the Internet, economics, marketing, IS/IT, accounting, privacy, intellectual property, equity, and governance. Its unifying conceptual framework built around the themes of business, technology, and society helps readers make sense out of the development of this field. The book presents numerous real-world examples in every chapter. An attractive full-color design is also featured. This book is aimed specifically at readers interested in business concepts, IS/IT developments, and computer science applications of e-commerce.
The Long-Term Results of Mitral Valve Reconstruction for the "Floppy" Valve (1994)

The myxomatous degenerated, prolapsed, or floppy mitral valve is the most common etiology of mitral regurgitation in North American populations. We performed mitral valve reconstruction for this diagnosis in 252 patients from 1984 to 1993. There were 165 males and 87 females ranging in age from 23 to 84 years (mean 64 years); 93 (37%) were > or = 70 years. One hundred eighty-six were New York Heart Association Functional Class III or IV and 29% (72) underwent concomitant coronary bypass operation. Operations included posterior leaflet resection, anterior leaflet resection treatment of chordal pathology by shortening or Gore-Tex replacement, and ring annuloplasty. There were five operative deaths for an operative mortality of 2%. The operative risk in patients under 70 years was 1 of 159 (0.6%) and 4 of 93 (4%) in patients older than 70 years. Ninety percent of patients are asymptomatic in a follow-up period extending 10 years, while structural valve degeneration requiring reoperation at 5 years was 85%. From 1990 to 1993 there has been a less than 5% absolute incidence of structural valve degeneration. Mitral valve reconstruction for complicated floppy mitral valve is feasible and offers excellent early and medium-term results.
Cavity-enhanced laser cooling for Yb^3+-doped fluoride crystal using a low-power diode laser (2014)

A diode laser with a power of 178 mW is used to pump a 2.2% (wt.) Yb3+-doped YLiF4 crystal in an optical extracavity, and a resonant cavity-enhanced laser cooling for Yb3+-doped fluoride crystal is proposed and demonstrated. The pump laser enhancement factor so far obtained is up to 8.6 with the resonant cavity. Given that 82% of incident laser power is absorbed, the cooling efficiency is calculated as 1.08% and the temperature drop is 12.3 K/W. Accordingly, the combination of the diode laser—featuring low cost, long life, small weight, compact volume, and low power consumption—and the simple resonant cavity for laser cooling of solids is promising in some important applications in optical refrigeration of space sensors and detectors, etc.
Distributed Open Inventor (1999)

Distributed Open Inventor is an extension to the popular Open Inventor toolkit for interactive 3D graphics. The toolkit is extended with the concept of a distributed shared scene graph, similar to distributed shared memory. From the application programmer's perspective, multiple workstations share a common scene graph. The proposed system introduces a convenient mechanism for writing distributed graphical applications based on a popular tool in an almost transparent manner. Local variations in the scene graph allow for a wide range of possible applications, and local low latency interaction mechanisms called input streams enable high performance while saving the programmer from network peculiarities.
Spatially Resolved Adsorption Kinetics of Immunoglobulin G onto the Wettability Gradient Surface (1991)

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) was combined with charge-coupled-device (CCD) photon detection in measuring spatially resolved protein adsorption kinetics along one of the linear dimensions of a flat surface. The experimental method was designed to study the kinetics of binding of fluorescein-labeled immunoglobulin G (FITC-IgG) onto the surfaces with the wettability gradient. Protein was adsorbed from a flowing buffer solution. The buffer solution contained either only fluorescein-labeled immunoglobulin G or FITC-IgG and two other unlabeled proteins: albumin and fibrinogen. The concentrations of proteins were 1/1000 of the respective protein concentrations in plasma. Adsorption of FITC-IgG was dependent on the wettability of the surface as well as on the presence of other proteins in the adsorbing solution. The exchange of surface-bound FITC-IgG with other proteins was observed along the wettability transition region of the gradient surface but not at either the hydrophobic or the hydrophilic sides. The amphiphilic interface between the microscopic hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains in the wettability transition region of the gradient surface was proposed to explain the adsorption behavior of FITC-IgG. The spatially resolved TIRF-CCD method has the potential of detecting the fast protein adsorption, desorption, and exchange processes from complex protein mixtures, such as serum and plasma.
Macro Grammars and Holistic Triggering for Efficient Semantic Parsing (2017)

To learn a semantic parser from denotations, a learning algorithm must search over a combinatorially large space of logical forms for ones consistent with the annotated denotations. We propose a new online learning algorithm that searches faster as training progresses. The two key ideas are using macro grammars to cache the abstract patterns of useful logical forms found thus far, and holistic triggering to efficiently retrieve the most relevant patterns based on sentence similarity. On the WikiTableQuestions dataset, we first expand the search space of an existing model to improve the state-of-the-art accuracy from 38.7% to 42.7%, and then use macro grammars and holistic triggering to achieve an 11x speedup and an accuracy of 43.7%.
Equivalent Field Calculation To Irregular Symmetric And Asymmetric Photon Fields (2013)

Equivalent fields are frequently used for central axis depth-dose calculations of rectangular and irregular shaped photon beam. Since most of the proposed models to calculate the equivalent square field, are dosimetry-based, a simple physical-based method to calculate the equivalent square field size was used as the basis of this study. The table of the sides of the equivalent square for rectangular fields was constructed and then compared with the well-known tables of BJR and Venselaar with the average relative error percentage of 2.5±2.5 % and 1.5±1.5 % respectively. To evaluate the accuracy of this method, the PDDs were measured for some special irregular symmetric and asymmetric treatment fields and their equivalent squares for Siemens Primus Plus linear accelerator for both energies 6 and 18MV. The mean relative differences of PDDs measurement for these fields and their equivalent square was approximately 1% or less. As a result, this method can be employed to calculate equivalent field not only for rectangular fields but also for any irregular symmetric or asymmetric field.
Optimized combination of conventional and constrained massive MIMO arrays (2017)

A combination of low cost constrained massive
multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and conventional arrays
for constructing receiver signal points is investigated. The constrained radio frequency (RF) front ends are limited to on/off
switching of antenna elements. A few full RF frontends are
shown to compensate for the signal errors of the constrained RF
frontends for various scenarios. An algorithm for such a hybrid
RF (HRF) system is developed that optimizes the performance
with respect to the mean square error of the constructed receiver
signals for a Rayleigh fading channel model.