gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective plating concept for silicon heterojunction solar cell metallization (2017)

We introduce a new plated metallization process for Silicon Heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells by selective plating of copper onto a positively masking seed layer. This process tackles the issues of high silver consumption and low grid conductivity of screen printed contacts on SHJ solar cells. Compared to other metallization approaches of plating into a negative mask, our process does not require expensive process steps or consumables to plate and then remove the mask. The process involves the deposition of a full area PVD layer of a valve metal like Al or Ti onto the ITO surface of a SHJ solar cell. The valve metal layer is self-passivating in nature and provides the ideal mix of conductivity for plating current distribution and selectivity for copper plating. As the next step, the grid is locally defined by printing or laser transferring the seed layer. Now a pulsed Cu plating step is applied to plate on the seed layer selectively while the valve metal layer is partly oxidized and parasitic Cu deposition on the valve metal surface is dissolved during reverse pulses. The valve metal layer is finally etched off in a subsequent etch bath.
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Extensions for Credit Flow and Link Metrics (2010)

This document extends the Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) with an optional credit-based flow control mechanism and an optional Link Quality Metric report.These optional extensions improve the performance of PPPoE over media with variable bandwidth and limited buffering, such as mobile point-to-point radio links.
Local Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of Human Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Reduces Luminal Narrowing After Coronary Angioplasty in Pigs (1998)

Percutaneous adenovirus-mediated NOS gene transfer resulted in efficient local overexpression of functional NOS after angioplasty in coronary arteries. Restored NO production in injured coronary arteries significantly reduced luminal narrowing, most likely through a combined effect on neointima formation and on vessel remodeling after angioplasty.
Glucose-dependent Liver Gene Expression in Upstream Stimulatory Factor 2 −/− Mice (1997)

Upstream stimulatory factors (USF) 1 and 2 belong to the Myc family of transcription factors characterized by a basic/helix loop helix/leucine zipper domain responsible for dimerization and DNA binding. These ubiquitous factors form homo- and heterodimers and recognize in vitro a CACGTG core sequence termed E box. Through binding to E boxes of target genes, USF factors have been demonstrated to activate gene transcription and to enhance expression of some genes in response to various stimuli. In particular, in the liver USF1 and USF2 have been shown to bind in vitro glucose/carbohydrate response elements of glycolytic and lipogenic genes and have been proposed, from ex vivo experiments, to be involved in their transcriptional activation by glucose. However, the direct involvement of these factors in gene expression and nutrient gene regulation in vivo has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, to gain insight into the specific role of USF1 and USF2 in vivo, and in particular to determine whether the USF products are required for the response of genes to glucose, we have created, by homologous recombination, USF2 -/- mice. In this paper, we provide the first evidence that USF2 proteins are required in vivo for a normal transcriptional response of L-type pyruvate kinase and Spot 14 genes to glucose in the liver.
Double-masked comparative study of UF-021 and timolol ophthalmic solutions in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. (1993)

A double-masked comparative clinical study of UF-021 (Rescula), a unique prostaglandin-related compound, was carried out at 18 centers with timolol maleate 0.5% ophthalmic solution as an active reference drug. After a wash-out period, UF-021 (0.12%) or timolol (0.5%) was given topically twice a day for 12 weeks to 158 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, in a randomized double-masked manner. Both groups showed a significant reduction in intraocular pressure from the second week to the end of the study. In overall improvement rating, 91.4% of the cases (64/70) in the UF-021 group and 88.3% (68/77) in the timolol group were judged to be "Extremely improved" or "Improved". Five and 4 cases reported having side effects in the UF-021 and timolol groups, respectively, but none of the cases required any change or discontinuation of treatment. While UF-021 did not affect blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the timolol group were significantly decreased. These results suggest that UF-021 (0.12%) has the potential to lower intraocular pressure equivalent to timolol (0.5%), while having no effect on cardiovascular functions.
Quasi-steady capillarity-driven flows in slender containers with interior edges (2011)

Abstract In the absence of significant body forces the passive manipulation of fluid interfacial flows is naturally achieved by control of the specific geometry and wetting properties of the system. Numerous ‘microfluidic’ systems on Earth and ‘macrofluidic’ systems aboard spacecraft routinely exploit such methods and the term ‘capillary fluidics’ is used to describe both length-scale limits. In this work a collection of analytic solutions is offered for passive and weakly forced flows where a bulk capillary liquid is slowly drained or supplied by a faster capillary flow along at least one interior edge of the container. The solutions are enabled by an assumed known pressure (or known height) dynamical boundary condition. Following a series of assumptions this boundary condition can be in part determined a priori from the container dimensions and further quantitative experimental evidence, but not proof, is provided in support of its expanded use herein. In general, a small parameter arises in the scaling of the problems permitting a decoupling of the edge flow from the global bulk meniscus flow. The quasi-steady asymptotic system of equations that results may then be easily solved in closed form for a useful variety of geometries including uniform and tapered sections possessing at least one critically wetted interior edge. Draining, filling, bubble displacement and other imbibing flows are studied. Cursory terrestrial and drop tower experiments agree well with the solutions. The solutions are valued for the facility they provide in computing designs for selected capillary fluidics problems by way of passive transport rates and meniscus displacement. Because geometric permutations of any given design are myriad, such analytic tools are capable of efficiently identifying and comparing critical design criteria (i.e. shape and size) and the impact of various wetting conditions resulting from the fluid properties and surface conditions. Sample optimizations are performed to demonstrate the utility of the method.
HuR‐regulated lnc<scp>RNA NEAT</scp>1 stability in tumorigenesis and progression of ovarian cancer (2016)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as pivotal regulators in governing fundamental biological processes, as well as in tumorigenesis. The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is one of the most highly regulated lncRNAs in recent genomic datasets, however, its biological role and regulatory mechanism in ovarian cancer (OC) development and progression are poorly defined. In this study, we identified that NEAT1 was up-regulated in OC patients and cell lines, and its expression was associated with the FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of NEAT1_1 in OVCAR-3 cell lines promoted cell proliferation and invasion, whereas knockdown of NEAT1_1 did the opposite. Furthermore, NEAT1_1 was stabilized by an RNA-binding protein HuR, but suppressed by miR-124-3p in OC cells. Accordingly, the increased HuR mRNA and decreased miR-124-3p levels were observed in OC patients. These results suggested that lncRNA NEAT1, whose expression was collaboratively controlled by HuR and miR-124-3p, could regulate ovarian carcinogenesis and may serve as a potential target for antineoplastic therapies.
URI Resolution Services Necessary for URN Resolution (1999)

Retrieving the resource identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) [1] is only one of the operations that can be performed on a URI. One might also ask for and get a list of other identifiers that are aliases for the original URI or a bibliographic description of the resource the URI denotes, for example. This applies to both Uniform Resource Names (URNs) and Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). Uniform Resource Characteristics (URCs) are discussed in this document but only as descriptions of resources rather than identifiers.
Hyperspectral remote sensing for shallow waters I A semianalytical model (1998)

For analytical or semianalytical retrieval of shallow-water bathymetry and/or optical properties of the water column from remote sensing, the contribution to the remotely sensed signal from the water column has to be separated from that of the bottom. The mathematical separation involves three diffuse attenuation coefficients: one for the downwelling irradiance (K(d)), one for the upwelling radiance of the water column (K(u)(C)), and one for the upwelling radiance from bottom reflection (K(u)(B)). Because of the differences in photon origination and path lengths, these three coefficients in general are not equal, although their equality has been assumed in many previous studies. By use of the Hydrolight radiative-transfer numerical model with a particle phase function typical of coastal waters, the remote-sensing reflectance above (R(rs)) and below (r(rs)) the surface is calculated for various combinations of optical properties, bottom albedos, bottom depths, and solar zenith angles. A semianalytical (SA) model for r(rs) of shallow waters is then developed, in which the diffuse attenuation coefficients are explicitly expressed as functions of in-water absorption (a) and backscattering (b(b)). For remote-sensing inversion, parameters connecting R(rs) and r(rs) are also derived. It is found that r(rs) values determined by the SA model agree well with the exact values computed by Hydrolight (~3% error), even for Hydrolight r(rs) values calculated with different particle phase functions. The Hydrolight calculations included b(b)/a values as high as 1.5 to simulate high-turbidity situations that are occasionally found in coastal regions.
<i>N,N</i>′-Dimethylpropyleneurea (2001)

[7226-23-5] C6H12N2O (MW 128.18) InChI = 1S/C6H12N2O/c1-7-4-3-5-8(2)6(7)9/h3-5H2,1-2H3 InChIKey = GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dipolar aprotic solvent and cosolvent with properties very similar to those of HMPA; usually a somewhat larger amount is required in order to observe the same cosolvent effect as with HMPA; unlike HMPA, it was found to be nonmutagenic in a comparative investigation1) Alternate Names: DMPU; 1,3-dimethyltetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidone. Physical Data: bp 110 °C/10 mmHg; mp ca. −20 °C; d 1.064 g cm−3; ɛr = 36. Solubility: miscible with most organic solvents, and with water; a ca. 25% solution in THF can be cooled to dry-ice temperature without crystallization or phase separation.3 Form Supplied in: colorless, hygroscopic liquid; commercially available. Purification: predry over KOH (only necessary with rather wet material), and distill from CaH2 in vacuo. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: store at rt in a bottle with a three-way stop cock and a serum cap, over freshly activated molecular sieve (4 Å) and under an inert atmosphere; if stored as indicated, DMPU is stable and ready for use for many months; samples should be withdrawn by syringe technique.
Using Bluestem for Web user authentication and access control of library resources (1997)

Profiles the use of the program Bluestem developed by the University of Illinois for the control of access and authentication. Uses HTTPs and HTTP cookies to identify users from a database held. Discusses the security issues the program is designed to resolve and the current use of the program before outlining future development of the project and the additional uses foreseen.
Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Design of Targeted Synthetic Peptides via <sup>18</sup>F-Sydnone Alkyne Cycloaddition (2021)

Chemically synthesized, small peptides that bind with high affinity and specificity to CD8-expressing (CD8+) tumor-infiltrating T cells, yet retain the desirable characteristics of small molecules, hold valuable potential for diagnostic molecular imaging of immune response. Here, we report the development of <sup>18</sup>F-labeled peptides targeting human CD8α with nanomolar affinity via the strain-promoted sydnone-alkyne cycloaddition with 4-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluorophenyl sydnone. The <sup>18</sup>F-sydnone is produced in one step, in high radiochemical yield, and the peptide labeling proceeds rapidly. A hydrophilic chemical linker results in a tracer with favorable pharmacokinetic properties and improved image contrast, as demonstrated by <i>in vivo</i> PET imaging studies.
Effects of continuous and intermittent exposure to RF fields with a wide range of SARs on cell growth, survival, and cell cycle distribution (2006)

To examine the biological effects of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields in vitro, we have examined the fundamental cellular responses, such as cell growth, survival, and cell cycle distribution, following exposure to a wide range of specific absorption rates (SAR). Furthermore, we compared the effects of continuous and intermittent exposure at high SARs. An RF electromagnetic field exposure unit operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz was used to expose cells to SARs from 0.05 to 1500 W/kg. When cells were exposed to a continuous RF field at SARs from 0.05 to 100 W/kg for 2 h, cellular growth rate, survival, and cell cycle distribution were not affected. At 200 W/kg, the cell growth rate was suppressed and cell survival decreased. When the cells were exposed to an intermittent RF field at 300 W/kg(pk), 900 W/kg(pk) and 1500 W/kg(pk) (100 W/kg(mean)), no significant differences were observed between these conditions and intermittent wave exposure at 100 W/kg. When cells were exposed to a SAR of 50 W/kg for 2 h, the temperature of the medium around cells rose to 39.1 degrees C, 100 W/kg exposure increased the temperature to 41.0 degrees C, and 200 W/kg exposure increased the temperature to 44.1 degrees C. Exposure to RF radiation results in heating of the medium, and the thermal effect depends on the mean SAR. Hence, these results suggest that the proliferation disorder is caused by the thermal effect.
Contributory group key agreement protocols, revisited for mobile ad-hoc groups (2005)

Security of various group-oriented applications for mobile ad-hoc groups requires a group secret shared between all participants. Contributory group key agreement (CGKA) protocols, originally designed for peer groups in localand wide-area wired networks, can also be used in ad-hoc scenarios because of the similar security requirements and trust relationship between participants that excludes any trusted central authority (e.g., a group manager) from the computation of the group key. We revise original protocols from the perspective of the mobile ad-hoc communication, classify mobile ad-hoc groups based on the performance of involved mobile devices, specify trust relationship between participants, propose further optimizations to original protocols to achieve better communication, computation and memory complexities
Combining Exploratory Projection Pursuit and Projection Pursuit Regression with Application to Neural Networks (1993)

We present a novel classification and regression method that combines exploratory projection pursuit (unsupervised training) with projection pursuit regression (supervised training), to yield a new family of cost/complexity penalty terms. Some improved generalization properties are demonstrated on real-world problems.
La formación de las primeras maestras públicas en Colombia (2001)

Sin resumen.
Nonlinear and viscoelastic characteristics of skin under compression: experiment and analysis. (2003)

In physiological loading conditions, the soft tissues in the hands and fingers are predominantly in compression. The goal of the present study was to characterize the nonlinear and time-dependent behavior of skin in compression. The pigskin samples used in the study were collected from five different animals. The compression tests were performed in confined and unconfined loading configurations and at four different loading speeds (0.5, 1.0, 40, and 400 microm/s). A multi-axial material model was proposed to simulate the nonlinear and viscoelastic behavior of the skin in compression. The good agreement between the model predictions and experimental data suggests that the mechanical behavior of the skin in compression can be well characterized using the Ogden strain energy potential combined with a time-integration using a Prony series. Our results show that the stress/strain curve of the skin is much stiffer in confined compression compared to that in unconfined compression, indicating that the compressibility of the skin is small.
Eta Carinae and Nebulae Around Massive Stars: Similarities to Planetary Nebulae? (2007)

Summary. I discuss some observational properties of aspherical nebulae around massive stars, and conclusions inferred for how they may have formed. Whether or not these ideas are applicable to the shaping of planetary nebulae is uncertain, but the observed similarities between some PNe and bipolar nebulae around massive stars is compelling. In the well-observed case of Eta Carinae, several lines of observational evidence point to a scenario where the shape of its bipolar nebula resulted from an intrinsically bipolar explosive ejection event rather than an interacting winds scenario occurring after ejection from teh star. A similar conclusion has been inferred for some planetary nebulae. I also briefly mention bipolar nebulae around some other massive stars, such as the progenitor of SN 1987A and related blue supergiants. Key words: bipolar nebulae, Eta Carinae, SN1987A, massive stars 1
Centralized MPPT with string current diverter for solving the series connection problem in photovoltaic power generation system (2011)

Module integrated converters focus many research because they are considered as most promising solutions for grid connection of photovoltaic power generation systems. Most of the proposed approaches relied so far on the use of series string of DC-DC converter to create a high voltage string connected to DCAC inverter. The boost converter is better in this application. However, under inhomogeneous irradiation, the power generated from each PV module and output DC voltage of each boost becomes unbalanced so that the output currents of each boost are balanced and equal to the string current. In this case the boost converter cannot always deliver all the power from a mixture of shaded panels and those delivering full power. In this paper, a centralized MPPT with string current diverter for solving the series connection problem in photovoltaic power generation system is proposed to overcome this problem. One important feature of the proposed circuit herein is the ability to effectively decouple each PV module from the rest of the string, making this insensitive to changes in the string current. Hence it is possible to obtain the maximum power from the PV generator and allow it to operate at the optimum efficiency. The simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed topology exhibits good performance anyway of inhomogeneous irradiation. On the other hand, the string current diverter circuit does not operate if irradiation is homogeneous. So, in this last condition, the topology efficiency is improved.
Minimax Probability Machine (2002)

When constructing a classifier, the probability of correct classification of future data points should be maximized. In the current paper this desideratum is translated in a very direct way into an optimization problem, which is solved using methods from convex optimization. We also show how to exploit Mercer kernels in this setting to obtain nonlinear decision boundaries. A worst-case bound on the probability of misclassification of future data is obtained explicitly.
Selenium for preventing cancer (2011)

No reliable conclusions can be drawn regarding a causal relationship between low selenium exposure and an increased risk of cancer. Despite evidence for an inverse association between selenium exposure and the risk of some types of cancer, these results should be interpreted with care due to the potential limiting factors of heterogeneity and influences of unknown biases, confounding and effect modification.The effect of selenium supplementation from RCTs yielded inconsistent results. To date, there is no convincing evidence that selenium supplements can prevent cancer in men, women or children.
Estrogen Therapy for Severe Persistent Depressions in Women (1979)

Positive results are reported from a double-blind study of estrogen therapy administered to severely depressed, inpatient women who had failed to respond to various conventional treatments of depression. Large doses of oral conjugated estrogen were administered for a three-month period to 23 premenopausal and postmenopausal inpatient women. Placebos were administered for a comparable period to 17 similar patients. The posttreatment Hamilton ratings of depression were significantly reduced in the estrogen-treated group, but not in the placebo group. Possible physiological mechanisms are discussed. The risk-benefit ratio for estrogen therapy of depression in these patients was judged to be favorable. However, periodic endometrial biopsies are required to monitor the endometrial response of women receiving high doses of estrogens.
The Synthesis of Active-Site Directed Inhibitors of Some β-Glucan Hydrolases (1990)

The 2,3-epoxypropyl, 3,4-epoxybutyl and 4,5-epoxypentyl ß-glycosides of D-glucose, cellobiose and laminaribiose have been prepared. As well, the 4,5-epoxypentyl ß-glycosides of cellotriose, laminaritriose and two other trisaccharides have been synthesized. 3,4-Epoxybutyl ß-cellobioside has also been prepared with a 14C-label in the cellobiose residue.
Enhancing virtualized application performance through dynamic adaptive paging mode selection (2011)

Virtual address translation in a virtual machine monitor (VMM) for modern x86 processors can be implemented using a software approach known as shadow paging or a hardware approach known as nested paging. Most VMMs, including our Palacios VMM, support both. Using a range of benchmark measurements, we show that which approach is preferable for achieving high application performance under virtualization is workload dependent, and that the performance differences between the two approaches can be substantial. We have developed an algorithm, based on measuring the TLB miss rate and the VMM exit rate for paging-related exits, for measuring the performance of the current paging approach during normal execution and predicting when switching approaches is likely to be beneficial to the application. We combine this with new support in Palacios for switching paging approaches at any time to implement a dynamic adaptive paging approach called DAV2M for dynamically adaptive virtualized virtual memory. DAV2M attempts to deliver application performance that is the same or better than the best static approach for a given workload. Our evaluation shows that it does so, and, for a range of benchmarks, DAV2M delivers performance within 5--8% of native, reducing overheads by as much as a factor of four. Although both the shadow and nested paging approaches are evolving, the dynamic adaptive approach can combine their best qualities.