gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FURTHER STUDIES ON CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ACID‐BASE STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN LESIONS (1970)

SUMMARY The acid‐base status in lumbar and ventricular samples of cerebrospinal fluid was analysed in 77 patients. Of the patients, 21 had no clinical signs of brain lesion at the time of sampling; 28 conscious patients had mild symptoms, and 28 unconscious patients had severe symptoms of brain lesion. Arterial and, in some cases, jugular venous blood was collected and analysed simultaneously with CSF samples. Low CSF pH and low CSF bicarbonate were found both in lumbar and in ventricular samples from the unconscious patients. The mean CSF‐arterial pCO a difference was high in the unconscious patients both in lumbar and ventricular fluid, whereas these differences were normal in conscious patients. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Bei 77 Patienten wurde der Saure‐Basen‐Status von Liquorproben analy‐siert, die durch Lumbal‐ bzw. Ventrikelpunktionen gewonnen worden waren. Von diesen Patienten hatten 21 zum Zeitpunkt der Abnahme keine klinischen Zeichen einer Gehirnlasion, 28 wache Patienten hatten milde Symptome und 28 bewusstlose Patienten hatten schwere Symptome von Gehirnschaden. Gleich‐zeitig mit den Liquorproben wurden auch arterielle Blutproben und in manchen Fallen Blut aus der V. jugularis abgenommen und analysiert. Bei den bewusstlosen Patienten fanden sich niedrige pH‐ und Bicarbonat‐ werte sowohl in den lumbalen als auch in den Ventrikelliquorproben. Die mittlere pC0 2 ‐DifFerenz zwischen Liquor und arteriellem Blut war bei den bewusstlosen Patienten sowohl bei den lumbalen als auch bei den Ventrikel‐ proben hoch, wahrend sie bei den wachen Patienten normal war. Die mittlere arterio‐vendse pCOj‐Differenz war bei den wachen Patienten normal, bei den bewusstlosen jedoch signinkant reduziert. Bei dieser letzteren Gruppe war auch die mittlere pCO a ‐Differenz zwischen Liquor und Jugularvenenblut signinkant erh6ht. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert und dabei der Schluss ge‐zogen, dass die Liquorazidose, die bei Bewussdosen sowohl in den lumbalen als auch in den intracraniellen Fliissigkeitsproben vorliegt, sowohl mit niedri‐gen Bicarbonat‐ als auch mit hohen pC0 2 ‐Werten vergesellschaftet ist. Diese Werte bestatigen die friihere Annahme, dass Patienten mit schweren Gehirn‐lasionen eine intrazerebrale Azidose durch die Anhaufung von sauren Meta‐boliten, aber auch von Kohlensaure, bekommen. Die spontane Hyperventilation dieser Patienten ist ein Versuch, diese Azidose zu kompensieren. Eine wirkungsvolle Kompensation kann jedoch nicht erreicht werden, wenn die arterielle Kohlensaurespannung nicht auf etwa 25 mm Hg gesenkt wird; es wird deshalb eine Behandlung mit kunstlicher Ventilation empfohlen.
Fully-scalable wavelet video coding using in-band motion compensated temporal filtering (2003)

This paper presents a novel fully-scalable wavelet video coding scheme that performs efficient open-loop motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTF) in the wavelet domain (in-band). Unlike the conventional spatial-domain MCTF (SDMCTF) schemes, which apply MCTF on the original image data and then encode the residual image using a critically-sampled wavelet transform, the framework presented here applies the in-band MCTF (IBMCTF) after the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is performed in the spatial dimensions. To overcome the inefficiency of motion estimation (ME) in the wavelet domain, a complete-to-overcomplete DWT (CODWT) is performed. The proposed framework provides improved quality (SNR) and temporal scalability as compared with existing in-band closed-loop temporal prediction schemes with ODWT and improved spatial scalability as compared to SDMCTF. We present a thorough comparison between SDMCTF and the proposed IBMCTF in terms of coding efficiency and scalability. Furthermore, we describe several extensions that enable the filtering of the various bands to be performed independently, based on the resolution, sequence content, complexity requirements and desired scalability.
UDiTaS™, a genome editing detection method for indels and genome rearrangements (2018)

UDiTaS is a robust and streamlined sequencing method useful for measuring small indels as well as structural rearrangements, like translocations, in a single reaction. UDiTaS is especially useful for pre-clinical and clinical application of gene editing to measure on- and off-target editing, large and small.
Translation‐dependent mechanisms lead to PML upregulation and mediate oncogenic K‐RAS‐induced cellular senescence (2012)

Expression of oncogenic K-RAS in primary cells elicits oncogene-induced cellular senescence (OIS), a form of growth arrest that potently opposes tumourigenesis. This effect has been largely attributed to transcriptional mechanisms that depend on the p53 tumour suppressor protein. The PML tumour suppressor was initially identified as a component of the PML-RARα oncoprotein of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). PML, a critical OIS mediator, is upregulated by oncogenic K-RAS in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate here that oncogenic K-RAS induces PML protein upregulation by activating the RAS/MEK1/mTOR/eIF4E pathway even in the absence of p53. Under these circumstances, PML mRNA is selectively associated to polysomes. Importantly, we find that the PML 5' untranslated mRNA region plays a key role in mediating PML protein upregulation and that its presence is essential for an efficient OIS response. These findings demonstrate that upregulation of PML translation plays a central role in oncogenic K-RAS-induced OIS. Thus, selective translation initiation plays a critical role in tumour suppression with important therapeutic implications for the treatment of solid tumours and APL.
Electronic Communications Systems: Fundamentals through Advanced (1987)

From the Publisher:
All topics have been updated to present the latest information available in this fast-changing field, and completely new sections have been added to cover the following important topics:


AM envelopes produced by complex nonsinusoidal signals
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
Noise limiters and blankers
Alternate signal-to-noise measurements
Single-sideband suppressed carrier and frequency division multiplexing
Double-sideband suppressed carrier and quadrature multiplexing
Microstrip and stripline
Light sources, optical power, optical sources, and link budget
Trellis encoding
CCIt modem recommendations
PCM line speed
Extended superframe format and wavelength division multiplexing
Kepler's laws Clark orbits, and limits of visibility


In addition, an entirely new chapter has been added with coverage of:


Mobile telephone systems (including AMPS, PSC, and PCSS)


This text is written for use in undergraduate level electronic communications courses in which students have prior knowledge of some of the basic electronic principles, as well as an understanding of mathematics through the fundamental concepts of calculus.
P4-S1.09 Development of a microwave: accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence 40 s, <100 cfu/ml point of care assay for the detection of<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>and<i>Neisseria gonorrhoea</i> (2011)

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STIs) reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). There were 1.2 million cases of chlamydia reported to the CDC in 2008. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) is also one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in men and women. In 2009, there were 301 174, cases reported to the CDC, a rate of 99.1 per 100 000 populations. The CDC estimates that STIs cost the healthcare system $1.5 billion annually. Subsequently, there is an urgent need to develop a low cost sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic test to detect bacterial sexually transmitted infections. To this end, an exciting, novel and rapid technology, which integrates power lysis” and MAMEF (Microwave-Accelerated Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence), to both lyse CT and GC and detect the DNA released from CT and GC and combined CT and GC samples, within 40 s, is demonstrated. In a microwave cavity, 2.45 GHz microwave energy is highly focused into a lysing chamber, using 100 nm thick gold films with “bow-tie” structures, to lyse the bacteria within 10 s. The ultrafast detection of the released DNA from <100 cfu/ml bacteria is accomplished in an additional 30 s by employing the microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) technique. This new “release and detect” platform technology is a highly attractive alternative method for the lysing of bacteria, DNA extraction and the fast quantification of bacteria and potentially many other pathogenic species and cells as well. Our approach is a significant step forward for the development of a point of care test for bacteria.
A psychoacoustic bass enhancement system with improved transient and steady-state performance (2012)

Psychoacoustic bass (low frequency) enhancement approach has received strong interests from consumer electronics manufacturers who demand good bass quality from small or flat panel speakers. Due to physical limitations and cost constraints, good bass performance is lacking from such speakers. A typical solution is based on the psychoacoustic phenomenon known as the “missing fundamental”, whereby human auditory system can perceive the fundamental frequency from its higher harmonics. This psychoacoustic bass enhancement system generally uses nonlinear devices (NLD) or phase vocoders (PV) to generate harmonics that enhance bass virtually. However, both approaches have their strengths and weaknesses. This paper presents a hybrid system, which combines these two approaches, to overcome their drawbacks and achieve good bass performance. The new approach first separates musical signals into transient and steady-state components, and applies NLD and PV on the separated signals. MUSHRA subjective test is used to evaluate the bass effect and audio quality of the proposed hybrid system against the NLD and PV methods.
HDL-specific source level behavioural optimisation (1997)

Optimisation is a key facet of the behavioural synthesis problem. The process may be carried out at different levels in the processing, usually at the source or datapath levels, or both. In a previous paper, the authors reported a source level VHDL optimiser which applies optimisation techniques derived from conventional sequential and parallel programming languages. This process produces structural descriptions that are up to 33% faster and 20% smaller than the corresponding ‘brute force’ mapping of behaviour to structure. In the paper the authors describe a further set of optimisation transforms that may be applied at the source level to a VHDL behavioural description. These transforms have no conventional programming language counterpart, and are specific to hardware description languages. A number of designs have been optimised with respect to area and/or delay, with and without these transforms. The results show that with this extra class of transforms there is an improvement of ~44% in delay and 38% in area.
Targeting iron homeostasis induces cellular differentiation and synergizes with differentiating agents in acute myeloid leukemia (2010)

Differentiating agents have been proposed to overcome the impaired cellular differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, only the combinations of all-trans retinoic acid or arsenic trioxide with chemotherapy have been successful, and only in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (also called AML3). We show that iron homeostasis is an effective target in the treatment of AML. Iron chelating therapy induces the differentiation of leukemia blasts and normal bone marrow precursors into monocytes/macrophages in a manner involving modulation of reactive oxygen species expression and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). 30% of the genes most strongly induced by iron deprivation are also targeted by vitamin D3 (VD), a well known differentiating agent. Iron chelating agents induce expression and phosphorylation of the VD receptor (VDR), and iron deprivation and VD act synergistically. VD magnifies activation of MAPK JNK and the induction of VDR target genes. When used to treat one AML patient refractory to chemotherapy, the combination of iron-chelating agents and VD resulted in reversal of pancytopenia and in blast differentiation. We propose that iron availability modulates myeloid cell commitment and that targeting this cellular differentiation pathway together with conventional differentiating agents provides new therapeutic modalities for AML.
Antigenic Diversity of Granulocytic<i>Ehrlichia</i>Isolates from Humans in Wisconsin and New York and a Horse in California (1997)

The agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), Ehrlichia phagocytophila, and Ehrlichia equi are very similar. HGE is of variable severity. Genetic and antigenic differences among 3 human isolates (Webster, Spooner, and NY-8) and 1 horse isolate (MRK) were evaluated. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were identical in all human isolates. By use of 5 homologous antisera from these 3 humans and 1 horse and an additional 5 antisera in heterologous reactions, the immunodominant antigens of each isolate were noted to differ in molecular size: 43 kDa in the Webster (Wisconsin) isolate, 46 kDa in the Spooner (Wisconsin) isolate, 42 and 45 kDa in the NY-8 (New York State) isolate, and a 42 kDa doublet in the E. equi MRK isolate from California. Two sera from a Wisconsin patient reacted weakly or not at all with the NY-8 isolate. Antigenic structural diversity exists among otherwise indistinguishable granulocytic ehrlichial isolates.
Probing Reynolds stress models of convection with numerical simulations: III. Compressibility modelling and dissipation (2006)

Abstract We provide results from an extended 3D numerical simulation study of Reynolds stress models of stellar convection and probe the modelling of compressibility, pressure fluctuations, and dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy.
Circular programs and self‐referential structures (1989)

Abstract A circular program creates a data structure whose computation depends upon itself or refers to itself. The technique is used to implement the classic data structures circular and doubly‐linked lists, threaded trees and queues, in a functional programming language. These structures are normally thought to require updateable variables found in imperative languages. For example, a functional program to perform the breadth‐first traversal of a tree is given. Some of the examples result in circular data structures when evaluated. Some examples are particularly space‐efficient by avoiding the creation of intermediate temporary structures which would otherwise later become garbage. Lastly, the technique can be applied in an imperative language to give an elegant program.
Oxidative pathways in a fluorescent <i>Pseudomonas</i> (1953)

Research Article| December 01 1953 Oxidative pathways in a fluorescent Pseudomonas Margot Kogut; Margot Kogut 1Agricultural Research Council Unit for Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar E. P. Podoski E. P. Podoski 1Agricultural Research Council Unit for Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1953 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1953 Biochem J (1953) 55 (5): 800–811. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0550800 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Margot Kogut, E. P. Podoski; Oxidative pathways in a fluorescent Pseudomonas. Biochem J 1 December 1953; 55 (5): 800–811. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0550800 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1953 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1953 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Control of tick infestations and pathogen prevalence in cattle and sheep farms vaccinated with the recombinant Subolesin-Major Surface Protein 1a chimeric antigen (2014)

These data provide evidence of the dual effect of a SUB-based vaccine for controlling tick infestations and pathogen infection/transmission and provide additional support for the use of the SUB-MSP1a vaccine for tick control in cattle and sheep.
Cell-Specific Delivery of Bacteriophage-Encapsidated Ricin A Chain (1995)

We have used covalent coupling of deglycosylated ricin A chain (RAC) to the assembly initiation/translational repression RNA stem-loop (TR) of the bacteriophage MS2 to direct encapsulation of the toxin in bacteriophage capsids. Multiple copies of the TR-RAC conjugate can be incorporated into single capsid shells. The resultant particles can then be directed to specific cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) of complexes formed with anti-MS2 coat protein antibodies or by further covalent modification of the capsids by addition of human transferrin molecules. The results suggest that bacteriophage encapsulation and targeting is an efficient way to deliver toxins in a cell-specific fashion. The system may have widespread application in the field of targeted drug delivery, including antisense reagents.
Evaluation of the spline reconstruction technique for PET (2014)

The SRT provides images of higher resolution, higher contrast, and lower bias than FBP, by increasing slightly the noise in the reconstructed images. Furthermore, it eliminates streak artifacts outside the object boundary. Unlike other analytic algorithms, the reconstruction time of SRT is comparable with that of FBP. The source code for SRT will become available in a future release of STIR.
Expression of Cytokeratin 18 During Pre‐ and Post‐Natal Porcine Lung Development (2002)

The expression pattern of the intermediate filament protein cytokeratin 18 (CK 18) is described during pre- and post-natal development of the porcine lung using a monoclonal antibody against human CK 18. Lungs from 16 foetuses in pseudoglandular, canalicular, saccular and alveolar stages of lung development and lungs from 12 pigs ranging in age from birth to 49 days after birth were studied by immunohistochemistry. In the early pseudoglandular stage of development (day 70 of gestation) all the columnar epithelial cells lining the tubular endbuds strongly expressed CK 18 predominantly in the apical cell compartment. A modest staining was found in the more cuboidal cells of the canalicular stage (day 80 of gestation) where the labelling occurred as a distinct positive rim at the apical cell membrane in most of the cells lining the canaliculi. In 96- and 100-day-old foetuses, parts of the gas exchanging area were formed as terminal sacs by extreme attenuation of the epithelium. In this stage, CK 18 was clearly detectable in the flat type I as well as in the cuboidal type II alveolar epithelial cells. A marked change of the CK 18 expression pattern occurred during formation of the alveoli by septal outgrowth and maturation of the epithelium in 105- and 111-day-old foetuses. Differentiated type I cells no longer expressed CK 18, whereas type II cells were still labelled. Moreover, a specific change in the subcellular distribution pattern from the luminal periphery in immature porcine type II cells to a cytoplasmic localization in differentiated type II cells could be observed. Our investigation additionally demonstrated that the epithelium of bronchi, bronchioli and terminal bronchioli expressed CK 18 in all pre- and post-natal developmental stages. From the 96 days of gestation onwards the epithelial cells of developing bronchial glands were also labelled. Our results clearly show that during porcine lung development profound changes in the cellular expression pattern of CK 18 occur and that CK 18 can be regarded as a selective marker for differentiated porcine alveolar type II cells from the 105th day of gestation onwards. We also assume that the intermediate filament CK 18 could be of significance in the maturation process of the type II alveolar cells.
RE-ENGINEERING OF THE GSI CONTROL SYSTEM (2001)

After more than 12 years of operation without substantial revision a modernization of the control system at GSI is overdue. A strategy to adapt the system to future needs is outlined. The system has to support a specific environment of which the main features are described. More flexibility than in the current system can be achieved while still using many parts of the actual system.
Optimization of tag thickness for measuring position with magnetic resonance imaging (1994)

Using magnetic resonance (MR) tagging, it is possible to track tissue motion by accurate detection of tag line positions. The authors show that with a least squares estimation algorithm, it is possible to define the position of the tag lines with a precision on the order of a tenth of a pixel. They calculate the Cramer-Rao bound for the tag position estimation error as a function of the tag thickness, the shape of the tag profile and line spread function of the MR imaging system. The tag thickness that minimizes tag position estimation error is between 0.8 to 1.5 pixels depending on the shape of the tag and the line spread function. In addition, tag position estimation error is inversely proportional to contrast-to-noise ratio between the tag and the background tissue. The theoretical results obtained in this study were verified by experiments performed on a whole-body 1.5 T MR imager and Monte-Carlo simulation studies.
Recurrent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> infection associates with distinct bile acid and microbiome profiles (2016)

Primary and secondary bile acid composition in stool was different in those with rCDI, fCDI and controls. The ratio of stool deoxycholate to glycoursodeoxycholate was the single best predictor of disease state and may be a potential biomarker for recurrence.