gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
I-vectors meet imitators: on vulnerability of speaker verification systems against voice mimicry (2013)

Voice imitation is mimicry of another speaker’s voice characteristics and speech behavior. Professional voice mimicry can create entertaining, yet realistic sounding target speaker renditions. As mimicry tends to exaggerate prosodic, idiosyncratic and lexical behavior, it is unclear how modern spectral-feature automatic speaker verification systems respond to mimicry “attacks”. We study the vulnerability of two well-known speaker recognition systems, traditional Gaussian mixture model – universal background model (GMM-UBM) and a state-of-the-art i-vector classifier with cosine scoring. The material consists of one professional Finnish imitator impersonating five wellknown Finnish public figures. In a carefully controlled setting, mimicry attack does slightly increase the false acceptance rate for the i-vector system, but generally this is not alarmingly large in comparison to voice conversion or playback attacks. Index Terms: Voice imitation, speaker recognition, mimicry attack
Large- and small-signal modulation properties of red (670 nm) VCSELs (1996)

The large- and small-signal properties of red GaInP-AlGaInP triple QW VCSELs (670 nm) were measured. For the fundamental mode the small signal bandwidth is 2 GHz. Large-signal modulation up to 1.5 Gb/s is achievable with a prebias. The turn-on delay of unbiased devices is found to saturate due to heating from the average of the data signal.
Anti-VEGF– and anti-VEGF receptor–induced vascular alteration in mouse healthy tissues (2013)

Systemic therapy with anti-VEGF drugs such as bevacizumab is widely used for treatment of human patients with various solid tumors. However, systemic impacts of such drugs in host healthy vasculatures remain poorly understood. Here, we show that, in mice, systemic delivery of an anti-VEGF or an anti-VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 neutralizing antibody caused global vascular regression. Among all examined tissues, vasculatures in endocrine glands, intestinal villi, and uterus are the most affected in response to VEGF or VEGFR-2 blockades. Thyroid vascular fenestrations were virtually completely blocked by VEGF blockade, leading to marked accumulation of intraendothelial caveolae vesicles. VEGF blockade markedly increased thyroid endothelial cell apoptosis, and withdrawal of anti-VEGF resulted in full recovery of vascular density and architecture after 14 d. Prolonged anti-VEGF treatment resulted in a significant decrease of the circulating level of the predominant thyroid hormone free thyroxine, but not the minimal isoform of triiodothyronine, suggesting that chronic anti-VEGF treatment impairs thyroid functions. Conversely, VEGFR-1-specific blockade produced virtually no obvious phenotypes. These findings provide structural and functional bases of anti-VEGF-specific drug-induced side effects in relation to vascular changes in healthy tissues. Understanding anti-VEGF drug-induced vascular alterations in healthy tissues is crucial to minimize and even to avoid adverse effects produced by currently used anti-VEGF-specific drugs.
MakerSat: A CubeSat Designed for In-Space 3D Print and Assembly (2016)

MakerSat is a technology proof-of-concept mission from Northwest Nazarene University that will demonstrate microgravity additive manufacturing, assembly, and deployment of a CubeSat from the International Space Station (ISS). MakerSat is a 1U multi-project satellite, supporting up to four science payloads that can be developed by four independent teams. In the upcoming MakerSat mission, one university science team will measure the mass loss of several additively-manufactured polymers in orbit. The materials are expected to undergo mass loss due to monoatomic oxygen radicals, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, ionizing radiation, and outgassing. A high school science team payload will also be flown. The MakerSat concept will be demonstrated with two launches: MakerSat-0 will be placed in a sun-synchronous polar orbit through the Educational Launch of Nanosatellites (ELaNa) XX program in preparation for the eventual launch of MakerSat-1 from the ISS.
Review of Microbially Induced Corrosion and Comments on Needs Related to Testing Procedures (2014)

Concrete is the most widely used material for the construction of the wastewater collection, storage, and treatment infrastructure. The chemical and physical characteristics of hydrated Portland cement may make it susceptible to degradation under highly acidic conditions. As a result, some concrete wastewater infrastructure may be susceptible to a multistage degradation process known as microbially induced corrosion (MIC). MIC begins with the production of aqueous hydrogen sulfide (H2S(aq)) by anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria present below the waterline. H2S(aq) partitions to the gas phase where it is oxidized to sulfuric acid by the aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Thiobacillus that resides on concrete surfaces above the waterline. Sulfuric acid then attacks the cement paste portion of the concrete matrix through decalcification of calcium hydroxide and calcium silica hydrate coupled with the formation of expansive corrosion products and loss of coarse aggregate. The attack proceeds inward, resulting in reduced service life and potential failure of the concrete structure. There are several challenges associated with assessing a concrete’s susceptibility to MIC. First, no standard laboratory tests exist to assess concrete resistance to MIC. Straightforward reproduction of MIC in the laboratory is complicated by the use of microorganisms and hydrogen sulfide gas. Physicochemical tests simulating MIC by immersing concrete specimens in sulfuric acid offer a convenient alternative but do not accurately capture the damage mechanisms associated with biological corrosion. Comparison of results between research studies is difficult due to discrepancies that can arise in mixture design, specimen preparation, and experimental methods even if current ASTM standards are followed.
O jogo na perspectiva de wallon: Pensamento introdutório (1996)

Este ensaio objetiva introduzir, mesmo que sinteticamente, o pensamento de Wallon frente às condições materiais do desenvolvimento entre outros elementos de construção biopsicossocial da criança, o jogo e o movimento.
An Aromatization Reaction of a Cross-conjugated Dienone System with Zinc. II. Aromatization of Steroidal 1,4-Dien-3-one and 1,4,6-Trien-3-one System with Zinc<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Aromatization Reaction of a Cross-conjugated Dienone System with Zinc. II. Aromatization of Steroidal 1,4-Dien-3-one and 1,4,6-Trien-3-one System with Zinc1K. Tsuda, E. Ohki, and S. NozoeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 3, 783–785Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01038a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01038a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views533Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Identification of a commonly amplified 4.3 Mb region with overexpression of C8FW, but not MYC in MYC-containing double minutes in myeloid malignancies (2004)

Double minutes (dmin), the cytogenetic hallmark of genomic amplification, are found in approximately 1% of karyotypically abnormal acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The MYC gene at 8q24 has been reported to be amplified in the majority of the cases, and generally it has been assumed that MYC is the target gene. However, only a few studies have focused on the extent of the amplicon or on the expression patterns of the amplified genes. We have studied six cases (five AML and one MDS) with MYC-containing dmin. Detailed fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses identified a common 4.3 Mb amplicon, with clustered proximal and distal breakpoints, harboring eight known genes (C8FW, NSE2, POU5FLC20, MYC, PVT1, AK093424, MGC27434 and MLZE). The corresponding region was deleted in one of the chromosome 8 homologues in five of the six cases, suggesting that the dmin originated through extra replication (or loop-formation)--excision--amplification. Northern blot analysis revealed that MYC was not overexpressed. Instead, the C8FW gene, encoding a phosphoprotein regulated by mitogenic pathways, displayed increased expression. These results exclude MYC as the target gene and indicate that overexpression of C8FW may be the functionally important consequence of 8q24 amplicons in AML and MDS.
USim: A User Behavior Simulation Framework for Training and Testing IDSes in GUI Based Systems (2006)

Anomaly detection systems largely depend on user profile data to be able to detect deviations from normal activity. Most of this profile data is currently based on command-line instructions/directives executed by users on a system. With the advent and extensive usage of graphical user interfaces (GUIs), command-line data can no longer fully represent user's complete behavior which is essential for effectively detecting the anomalies in these GUI based systems. Collection of user behavior data is a slow and time consuming process. In this paper, we present a new approach to automate the generation of user data by parameterizing user behavior in terms of user intention (malicious/normal), user skill level, set of applications installed on a machine, mouse movement and keyboard activity. The user behavior parameters are used to generate templates, which can be further customized. The framework is called USim which can achieve rapid generation of user behavior data based on these templates for GUI based systems. The data thus generated can be utilized for rapidly training and testing intrusion detection systems (IDSes) and improving their detection precision.
Editorial The Future of Sensors and Instrumentation for Human Breath Analysis (2009)

This Special Topics Issue provides an overview of currently explored sensing techniques and methods that are being researched and developed in academic and industrial settings.
Characterization of mixing in a novel wavy‐walled bioreactor for tissue engineering (2005)

The wavy-walled bioreactor (WWB) possesses a novel geometry comprised of walls with sinusoidal waves that mimic baffles in an effort to promote mixing. This geometry provides a unique hydrodynamic environment suitable for the cultivation of mammalian cells and tissues and the investigation of fluid mechanical effects on cell and tissue growth and development. In the present study, mixing in WWB was characterized and compared to that in a conventional spinner flask (SF). The key parameters included in this characterization were mixing time, residence time distribution (RTD), and dissolved oxygen concentration during engineered cartilage tissue cultivation. Factors that influenced mixing in WWB included wave amplitude, agitation rate, and the ratio of the impeller diameter to the tank diameter (D/T). Data obtained from RTD and acid base neutralization studies confirmed the presence of different mixing zones in WWB. A theoretical comparison of WWB to a baffled spinner flask (BSF) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling predicted that while enhanced mixing was achieved in wavy-walled and BSF bioreactors, the shear stresses applied on tissue constructs were 15% lower in WWB. Improved mixing was achieved in WWB compared to the SF at similar D/T ratios, verified by improved oxygen transport and increased dispersion. However, for lower D/T ratios mixing in WWB was not necessarily improved. This study demonstrated the importance of characterization of mixing by showing the impact of even minor changes in bioreactor geometry and operating conditions.
Quantifying mammalian genomic DNA hydroxymethylcytosine content using solid-state nanopores (2016)

5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5 hmC), the oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine (5 mC), is a base modification with emerging importance in biology and disease. However, like most epigenetic elements, it is transparent to many conventional genetic techniques and is thus challenging to probe. Here, we report a rapid solid-state nanopore assay that is capable of resolving 5 hmC with high specificity and sensitivity and demonstrate its utility in assessing global modification abundance in genomic DNA.
Acoustic attenuation performance through a constricted duct improved by an annular resonator (2013)

Acoustic attenuation performance through a constricted duct is greatly improved by an annular resonator. A method based on the Green's function for a semi-infinite circular duct is proposed to calculate the transmission loss, where the velocity distributions are assumed to be uniform at the constriction inlet/outlets and at the inlet to the annular resonator. From an analogous acoustical circuit, the effect of higher order evanescent modes on the quarter-wave resonance is described by an extra length. The improved acoustic attenuation performance is also confirmed by an experiment.
Expression of early placenta insulin-like growth factor in breast cancer cells provides an autocrine loop that predominantly enhances invasiveness and motility (2005)

Early placenta insulin-like growth factor (EPIL) is expressed by a subpopulation of the Her2-positive SKBR3 breast cancer cell line displaying high motility and transendothelial invasiveness in vitro, as recently shown by our group. As a consequence of this, we established cellular models by generating an EPIL-overexpressing SKBR3 cell line, knocked down EPIL by adding specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) to those cells and produced EPIL-enriched and depleted serum-free culture media. EPIL-expressing cells as well as EPIL-induced SKBR3 cells acquired a high capacity for transendothelial invasiveness. We observed a thin and outspread morphology caused by enhanced formation of lamellipodia, i.e. protrusions in the initial phase of motility. In parallel, Her2-positive MDAHer2 breast cancer cells also showed increased invasiveness when induced by EPIL-conditioned medium. A downstream signaling impact of EPIL could be observed in the form of reduced phosphorylation of Her2, erk1/2 and akt, while phospholipase Cgamma1 phophorylation remained unaffected. As an in vivo model for highly motile tumor cells, Paget's disease of the nipple showed simultaneous EPIL and Her2 expression upon immunohistochemical examination using specific antibodies. Such experimental data have been translated to a clinical setting by using a prognostic tissue microarray established from 603 breast cancer cases. Survival data analysis found a significant association between expression levels of EPIL and 5-year overall survival that was dose dependent: EPIL (negative) 84%, EPIL (moderately positive) 77%, EPIL (strongly positive) 48% (P < 0.005). One particular subgroup (7.6% of the cases with full clinical records) that comprised tumors simultaneously expressing EPIL and Her2 represented patients with the poorest 5-year overall survival. The results suggested that EPIL might be a cancer cell-produced growth factor that influences lateral Her2 signaling. Moreover, EPIL may be induced by factors apart from Her2 and may independently provide signaling for cancer invasion and motility.
Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of DNA Hybridization Based on Electrode-Surface Modification (2003)

We report an improved electrochemistry-based sequence-specific detection technique by modifying the electrode surface using polyelectrolytes or utilizing the electrode whose surface exhibits the lowest background signal. The objective of the present work is to develop DNA-detection platforms that offer high sensitivity and selectivity in transducing the hybridization event and are compatible with the microfabrication process. Gold nanoparticle labels, coupled with signal amplification by the silver-enhancement technique, would be a suitable choice of detection scheme. However, common electrodes used in microfabrication, such as gold, are susceptible to silver depositions, making the extraction of the analytical signal (silver on a gold nanoparticle) from the background signal (silver on a gold substrate) impossible. In this study, the background silver deposition on the gold electrode is significantly reduced by modifying its surface with polyelectrolyte multilayer films of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(styrenesulfonate). Moreover, indium tin oxide (ITO), a conductive material that is compatible with microfabrication, is found to exhibit low silver-enhancing properties. With the low background signal achieved by electrode-surface modification and selection, sensitive (high signal-to-noise ratio) electrochemical detection of the hybridization event using the silver-enhanced gold nanoparticle approach is demonstrated. The gold and ITO-detection platforms described here are readily applicable to miniaturized bioanalytical microdevices for integrated and point-of-care viral and bacterial infections diagnostics.
Gate-Tunable Topological Flat Bands in Trilayer Graphene Boron-Nitride Moiré Superlattices (2019)

We investigate the electronic structure of the flat bands induced by moiré superlattices and electric fields in nearly aligned ABC trilayer graphene (TLG) boron-nitride (BN) interfaces where Coulomb effects can lead to correlated gapped phases. Our calculations indicate that valley-spin resolved isolated superlattice flat bands that carry a finite Chern number C=3 proportional to the layer number can appear near charge neutrality for appropriate perpendicular electric fields and twist angles. When the degeneracy of the bands is lifted by Coulomb interactions, these topological bands can lead to anomalous quantum Hall phases that embody orbital and spin magnetism. Narrow bandwidths of ∼10 meV achievable for a continuous range of twist angles θ≲0.6° with moderate interlayer potential differences of ∼50 meV make the TLG-BN systems a promising platform for the study of electric-field tunable Coulomb-interaction-driven spontaneous Hall phases.
Identification of Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in the Cytoplasmic Membrane of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> (1999)

Patch-clamp experiments performed on membrane fragments of Corynebacterium glutamicum fused into giant liposomes revealed the presence of two different stretch-activated conductances, 600 to 700 pS and 1,200 to 1,400 pS in 0.1 M KCl, that exhibited the same characteristics in terms of kinetics, ion selectivity, and voltage dependence.
TheCUP1 promoter ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae is inducible by copper inPichia pastoris (2000)

We report the construction of a Pichia pastoris integrating vector which contains the inducible CUP1 promoter from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that the promoter is indeed inducible by copper when used in P. pastoris and that the level of induction is dependent on the amount of copper in the medium.
A Reliable Architecture for the Advanced Encryption Standard (2008)

In this paper we propose an on-line self-test architecture for hardware implementations of advanced encryption standard (AES). The solution assumes a parallel architecture and exploits the inherent spatial replications of this implementation. We show that our solution is very effective for on-line fault detection while keeping the area overhead very low. Moreover, it does not weak the device with respect to side-channel attacks based on power analysis.
A special focus on the scientific contributions of Ursula K. Abbott and avian developmental genetics (2004)

The Ursula K. Abbott Symposium on Developmental Genetics and Teratology was held at the University of California, Davis, on February 20, 2004, to honor Ursula Abbott on the occasion of her retirement (Fig. 1). Ursula's contributions to the field of developmental biology have been manifold (see bibliography below; note that her contributions are even greater than those reflected in her bibliography, as she often did not put her name on studies resulting from the doctoral theses of her students). Perhaps most important though, has been her passion for identifying and maintaining stocks of mutant avian embryos, including the famous scaleless mutant (Fig. 2), which was described by Ursula in 1957 (Abbott and Asmundson [1957] J. Hered. 48:63–70). Many students of embryology (including the current Editor-in-Chief of Developmental Dynamics) first learned of Ursula and the importance and excitement of avian mutants through her outstanding chapter in Methods in Developmental Biology entitled, “Avian Developmental Genetics” (Wilt FH, Wessells NK, editors. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. 1967, p 13–52). Over the span of her scientific career, Ursula and her coworkers, as well as many of her students and other investigators outside of her laboratory, have used such mutants to gain insights into mechanisms underlying processes such as craniofacial development, skeletal development, limb development, feather development, and scale development. Although officially retired, Ursula continues to make contributions to the field by gleaning important information from her beloved mutant avian models (e.g., see MacDonald et al. [ 2004] Dev. Dyn. 230:335–349). Ursula K. Abbot (center) flanked by two of her former Ph.D. students, Roger Sawyer (left) and Paul Goetinck (right), courtesy of Paul Goetinck. The photograph was taken at Ursula's retirement symposium on the campus of the University of California, Davis. Silky mutants are shown projected in the background. Scaleless mutants. Chick on left and adult bird on right. Photographs courtesy of Roger Sawyer. We are delighted to include in this issue three research articles from investigators who presented talks at the symposium. Other articles will appear in future issues. We are also delighted to dedicate this issue to Ursula as a small token of our appreciation for her unending dedication to the study of the avian embryo and, in particular, the advancement of avian developmental genetics.
Electrospun WNb<sub>12</sub>O<sub>33</sub> nanowires: superior lithium storage capability and their working mechanism (2017)

Electrospun WNb<sub>12</sub>O<sub>33</sub> nanowires show high-power capability and long-term cycling performance as an anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.