gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summing Logs of the Velocity in NRQCD and Top Threshold Physics (2004)

To achieve reliable predictions of the top-antitop threshold cross section at a future e+e- Linear Collider logarithms of the top velocity need to be resummed. I review the issues that make this problem complicated and show how the task can be achieved by renormalization in an effective theory using the so called velocity renormalization group. The most recent NNLL order results are discussed.
The higher order temperature compensation of bandgap voltage references (2003)

A novel method for the curvature correction of bandgap references is introduced. Two well-known circuit topologies with no additional compensation are briefly analyzed. The causes of strong higher-order nonlinearities are presented. The square-law I/sub D/-V/sub DS/ characteristics of the MOS-transistor are used for compensating the nonlinear temperature dependence of the reference output voltage. The temperature behavior of the MOS-transistor is analyzed in detail. The effect of process variations for both temperature stability and PSR is also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conformational preference of the sulfimide functionality in cyclic sulfimides (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational preference of the sulfimide functionality in cyclic sulfimidesPeter K. Claus, Friedrich W. Vierhapper, and Rodney L. WillerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 16, 2863–2871Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01330a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01330a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coding with dynamic rate control for low-delay image transmission over CDMA fading channels (2002)

In the context of low-delay reliable image transmission over CDMA slowly Rayleigh fading channels, this paper addresses the proposal of a coding control technique that dynamically adapts the source coder rate to the channel condition, in order to transmit coded image data with low delay. In previous work, we proposed tools for error-resilient coding in order to improve the quality of transmitted images over the aforementioned channel. However, in case of degrading channel conditions, an increase in the transmission delay may result due to the use of an equal ARQ error control for all coded image data. Therefore, we propose to decrease the volume of coded data when the channel is in poor condition to decrease the amount of data to be transmitted with ARQ, and hence reduce the image transmission delay. The approach proposed to dynamically control the coder rate to the channel condition is based on an estimate of the channel status. The scheme proposed is shown to offer acceptable delay and high resistance to transmission errors.
[Control of the intracellular signaling induced by fibroblast growth factors (FGF) over the proliferation and survival of retinal pigment epithelium cells: example of the signaling regulation of growth factors endogenous to the retina ]. (2001)

Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells are of central importance in the maintenance of neural retinal function. RPE cell apoptosis is responsible for the development of a variety of retinal degeneration. The role of FGF2 was investigated on RPE cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. In the absence of serum, RPE cells died by apoptosis, while the addition of FGF2 greatly reduces apoptosis over a 7-day culture period. This is due to an autocrine loop involving secretion of endogenous FGF1 in the mechanism that govern FGF2-induced resistance to apoptosis. FGF2 induces long-term activation of FGFR1 and ERK1/2, and production of the anti-apoptotic protein BcL-x. Because FGF1 has no classical signal sequence to direct its secretion, we investigated the effects of FGF1 secretion on RPE proliferation and apoptosis in the absence of exogenous FGF2. Forced secretion of endogenous FGF1 by adding a signal peptide to the FGF1 molecule induces FGF1 secretion and cell proliferation in the presence of serum, while in FGF1 stops to be secreted and cell die in the absence of serum. Conversely, in cells cultured in the presence of serum, FGF1 without signal peptide is not secreted, but is secreted and rescue RPE cell from apoptosis when cells are cultured without serum. Thus, the proliferation and survival activities of endogenous FGF1 depend on the secretion of FGF1 which is determined by the cell environment.
Face detection with clustering, lda and NN (2007)

In this paper, we study neural network (NN) based face detection. The main purpose is to reduce the complexity of the NN detector and thus speedup training and detection through linear dimensionality reduction. Neither principle component analysis (PCA) nor linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is good for this purpose. PCA often reduces descriptive and discriminative information together. On the other hand, LDA maps all data into a (C - 1)-dimensional feature space, where C = 2 for face detection. Since face detection is highly non-linear, classification in 1-dimensional space is clearly not enough. In this paper, we propose a new method for face detection. In this method, the problem is first changed to a multi-class problem using clustering. A modified LDA (m-LDA) is then proposed to extract useful features. The NN is used to make the final decision. Here, m-LDA is used to minimize the within-cluster variance between all "face" clusters; and maximize the between-cluster variance between all "face" clusters and all "non-face" data points. The feature space so obtained has a dimensionality less than that of the original problem. To validate the proposed method, we conducted several experiments with four methods, namely the proposed method, NN, PCA+NN, and LDA+NN. Results show that the proposed method can provide lower false positive and false negative errors for test images.
Designing for FPGAs in the Cloud (2017)

This article proposes a flow to provision FPGAs from a pool of cloud resources. The proposed flow can lead to more efficient sharing of limited FPGA resources by enabling FPGA development and simulation in virtual machines.
Isolation of an ovine pulmonary surfactant-associated anionic peptide bactericidal for Pasteurella haemolytica. (1996)

Ovine pulmonary surfactant is bactericidal for Pasteurella haemolytica when surfactant and bacteria mixtures are incubated with normal ovine serum. To isolate this component, surfactant (1 mg/ml) was centrifuged at 100,000 x gav, and the supernatant was fractionated by HPLC. Fractions were eluted with acetonitrile (10-100%)/0.1% trifluoracetic acid and tested for bactericidal activity. Amino acid and sequence analysis of three bactericidal fractions showed that fraction 2 contained H-GDDDDDD-OH, fraction 3 contained H-DDDDDDD-OH, and fraction 6 contained H-GADDDDD-OH. Peptides in 0.14 M NaCl/10 microM ZnCl2 (zinc saline solution) induced killing of P. haemolytica and other bacteria comparable to defensins and beta-defensins [minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)50 range, 0.01-0.06 mM] but not in 0.14 M NaCl/10 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2/0.5 mM CaCl2/0.15 mM MgCl2 (MBC50 range, 2.8-11.5 mM). Bactericidal activity resided in the core aspartate hexapeptide homopolymeric region, and MBC50 values of aspartate dipeptide-to-heptapeptide homopolymers were inversely proportional to the number of aspartate residues in the peptide. P. haemolytica incubated with H-DDDDDD-OH in zinc saline solution was killed within 30 min. Ultrastructurally, cells contained flocculated intracellular constituents. In contrast to cationic defensins and beta-defensins, surfactant-associated anionic peptides are smaller in size, opposite in charge, and are bactericidal in zinc saline solution. They are members of another class of peptide antibiotics containing aspartate, which when present in pulmonary secretions may help clear bacteria as a part of the innate pulmonary defense system.
The Vegetation of Alberta: II. The Swamp, Moor and Bog Forest Vegetation of Central Alberta (1928)

Francis J. Lewis, Eleanor S. Dowding, E. H. Moss, The Vegetation of Alberta: II. The Swamp, Moor and Bog Forest Vegetation of Central Alberta, Journal of Ecology, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Feb., 1928), pp. 19-70
More than just friends? Facebook, disclosive ethics and the morality of technology (2008)

Paper presented at the 29th International Conference on Information Systems, Paris, France, 14-17 December, 2008.
Recent Developments in Super Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy (2010)

Recent developments in fluorescence microscopy techniques have broken the diffraction limit and achieved the spatial resolution of sub 100 nm range. Saturated excitation (SAX) microscopy and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy utilize saturable optical phenomena seen in laser excitation and stimulate emission of fluorescence molecules to induce strongly nonlinear optical effects for the resolution improvement. Photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) applied photoswitchable fluorescence probes for precise measurement of positions of the fluorescence probes in a sample in a few tens of nanometer scale. This review introduces the principles and the characteristics of those super resolution microscopy techniques with discussing the imaging formation and the resolution limit in conventional microscopy techniques.
Common causes of false positive F18 FDG PET/CT scans in oncology (2007)

PET/CT is a common imaging modality used in the evaluation of oncology patients. While being extremely sensitive to identifying sights of malignancy F18FDG is very non-specific. We attempted to provide a brief review of some of the more common processes that a nuclear radiology physician may encounter in daily clinical practice that could result in a false positive diagnosis with F18FDG PET/CT. A fundamental understanding of the limitations of this technology by the interpreting physician is necessary to avoid making inaccurate diagnosis and potentially limiting important treatments for our patients.
Computational Fluid Dynamics based Fault Simulations of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (2012)

Due to depleting fossil fuels and a rapid increase in the fuel prices globally, the search for alternative energy sources is becoming more and more significant. One of such energy source is the wind energy which can be harnessed with the use of wind turbines. The fundamental principle of wind turbines is to convert the wind energy into first mechanical and then into electrical form. The relatively simple operation of such turbines has stirred the researchers to come up with innovative designs for global acceptance and to make these turbines commercially viable. Furthermore, the maintenance of wind turbines has long been a topic of interest. Condition based monitoring of wind turbines is essential to maintain continuous operation of wind turbines. The present work focuses on the difference in the outputs of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) under different operational conditions. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique has been used for various blade configurations of a VAWT. The results indicate that there is significant degradation in the performance output of wind turbines as the number of blades broken or missing from the VAWT increases. The study predicts the faults in the blades of VAWTs by monitoring its output.
Modulation Scheme for Improved Operation of an RB-IGBT-Based Resonant Inverter Applied to Domestic Induction Heating (2012)

Domestic induction appliances require power converters that feature high efficiency and accurate power control in a wide range of operating conditions. To achieve this modulation techniques play a key role to optimize the power converter operation. In this paper, a series resonant inverter featuring reverse-blocking insulated gate bipolar transistors and an optimized modulation technique are proposed. An analytical study of the converter operation is performed, and the main simulation results are shown. The proposed topology reduces both conduction and switching losses, increasing significantly the power converter efficiency. Moreover, the proposed modulation technique achieves linear output power control, improving the final appliance performance. The results derived from this analysis are tested by means of an experimental prototype, verifying the feasibility of the proposed converter and modulation technique.
Collisions of Slow Ions C<sub>3</sub>H<sub><i>n</i></sub><sup>+</sup> and C<sub>3</sub>D<sub><i>n</i></sub><sup>+</sup> (<i>n</i> = 2–8) with Room Temperature Carbon Surfaces: Mass Spectra of Product Ions and the Ion Survival Probability (2008)

Collisions of C3Hn+ (n = 2-8) ions and some of their per- deuterated analogs with room temperature carbon (HOPG) surfaces (hydrocarbon-covered) were investigated over the incident energy range 13-45 eV in beam scattering experiments. The mass spectra of product ions were measured and main fragmentation paths of the incident projectile ions, energized in the surface collision, were determined. The extent of fragmentation increased with increasing incident energy. Mass spectra of even-electron ions C3H7+ and C3H5+ showed only fragmentations, mass spectra of radical cations C3H8*+ and C3H6*+ showed both simple fragmentations of the projectile ion and formation of products of its surface chemical reaction (H-atom transfer between the projectile ion and hydrocarbons on the surface). No carbon-chain build-up reaction (formation of C4 hydrocarbons) was detected. The survival probability of the incident ions, S(a), was usually found to be about 1-2% for the radical cation projectile ions C3H8*+, C3H6*+, C3H4*+ and C3H2*+ and several percent up to about 20% for the even-electron projectile ions C3H7+, C3H5+, C3H3+. A plot of S(a) values of C1, C2, C3, some C7 hydrocarbon ions, Ar+ and CO2+ on hydrocarbon-covered carbon surfaces as a function of the ionization energies (IE) of the projectile species showed a drop from about 10% to about 1% and less at IE 8.5-9.5 eV and further decrease with increasing IE. A strong correlation was found between log S(a) and IE, a linear decrease over the entire range of IE investigated (7-16 eV), described by log S(a) = (3.9 +/- 0.5)-(0.39 +/- 0.04) IE.
Human computer interface for gesture-based editing system (2003)

The use of hand gestures provides an attractive alternative to cumbersome interface devices for human-computer interaction (HCI). Many methods for hand gesture recognition using visual analysis have been proposed such as syntactical analysis, neural networks (NN), hidden Markov models (HMM) and so on. In our research, a HMM is proposed for alphabetical hand gesture recognition. In the preprocessing stage, the proposed approach consists of three different procedures for hand localization, hand tracking and gesture spotting. The hand location procedure detects the candidated regions on the basis of skin-color and motion in an image. The hand tracking algorithm finds the centroid of a moving hand region, connects those centroids, and thus, produces a trajectory. The spotting algorithm divides the trajectory into real and meaningless gestures. In constructing a feature database, the proposed approach uses the location, angle and velocity feature code, and employ a k-means algorithm for the codebook of the HMM. In our experiments, 2400 trained gestures and 2400 untrained gestures are used for training and testing, respectively. Those experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach yields a higher and satisfying recognition rate with various gestures.
Real-Time Visual SLAM for Autonomous Underwater Hull Inspection Using Visual Saliency (2013)

This paper reports a real-time monocular visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm and results for its application in the area of autonomous underwater ship hull inspection. The proposed algorithm overcomes some of the specific challenges associated with underwater visual SLAM, namely, limited field of view imagery and feature-poor regions. It does so by exploiting our SLAM navigation prior within the image registration pipeline and by being selective about which imagery is considered informative in terms of our visual SLAM map. A novel online bag-of-words measure for intra and interimage saliency are introduced and are shown to be useful for image key-frame selection, information-gain-based link hypothesis, and novelty detection. Results from three real-world hull inspection experiments evaluate the overall approach, including one survey comprising a 3.4-h/2.7-km-long trajectory.
High-efficiency silicon optical modulator using a SiN-strip loaded waveguide on the photonic SOI platform (2016)

We proposed a novel silicon optical modulator using the SiN-strip loaded waveguide instead of the shallow-etched rib waveguide. This modulator can show a ∼2-times maximum efficiency enhancement than the conventional rib-waveguide based lateral PN modulator.
A probabilistic approach to aircraft conflict detection (2000)

Conflict detection and resolution schemes operating at the mid-range and short-range level of the air traffic management process are discussed. Probabilistic models for predicting the aircraft position in the near-term and mid-term future are developed. Based on the mid-term prediction model, the maximum instantaneous probability of conflict is proposed as a criticality measure for two aircraft encounters. Randomized algorithms are introduced to efficiently estimate this measure of criticality and provide quantitative bounds on the level of approximation introduced. For short-term detection, approximate closed-form analytical expressions for the probability of conflict are obtained, using the short-term prediction model. Based on these expressions, an algorithm for decentralized conflict detection and resolution that generalizes potential fields methods for path planning to a probabilistic dynamic environment is proposed. The algorithms are validated using Monte Carlo simulations.
Training students in serologic reaction grading increased perceptions of self‐efficacy and ability to recognize serologic reactions but decreased grading accuracy (2015)

The use of serologic grading panels created with kodecytes was suitable as a tool to recognize and monitor serologic grading abilities. Evidence suggests that for both students and practitioners to gain and sustain competency in serologic reaction recognition and grading, they will require ongoing training and monitoring of competence.
Prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: an overview of three trials (1996)

Genetic, immune, and metabolic testing can reveal a person's risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and three large clinical trials are planned or underway to see if interventions can prevent IDDM in persons at risk. Researchers in diabetes prevention trials are screening first- and second-degree relatives of probands with IDDM for islet-cell antibodies. In the Cow's Milk Avoidance Trial, infant siblings of probands with IDDM will be randomized to receive either a baby formula containing a non-antigenic protein hydrolyzate or a standard cow's milk-based formula. The Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type I is randomly assigning subjects at high risk (more than a 50% probability of developing IDDM) to either receive insulin injections or undergo observation alone; subjects at intermediate risk (25% to 50%) will receive either oral insulin or placebo. In the European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial, subjects receive either nicotinamide or placebo. If any of these trials show that IDDM can be prevented, then large-scale screening of children for IDDM risk factors may prove beneficial.
Organic Reactions in Microdroplets: Reaction Acceleration Revealed by Mass Spectrometry (2016)

The striking finding that reaction acceleration occurs in confined-volume solutions sets up an apparent conundrum: Microdroplets formed by spray ionization can be used to monitor the course of bulk-phase reactions and also to accelerate reactions between the reagents in such a reaction. This Minireview introduces droplet and thin-film acceleration phenomena and summarizes recent methods applied to study accelerated reactions in confined-volume, high-surface-area solutions. Conditions that dictate either simple monitoring or acceleration are reconciled in the occurrence of discontinuous and complete desolvation as the endpoint of droplet evolution. The contrasting features of microdroplet and bulk-solution reactions are described together with possible mechanisms that drive reaction acceleration in microdroplets. Current applications of droplet microreactors are noted as is reaction acceleration in confined volumes and possible future scale-up.
Elevation of the Hsp70 chaperone does not effect toxicity in mouse models of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2005)

Mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) account for 10-20% of a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A common feature of SOD1 mutants is abnormal aggregation of the aberrant SOD1 in neurons and glia. We now report that in ALS transgenic mouse models the constitutively expressed heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is mislocalized into aggregates together with mutant SOD1 and ubiquitin. Forcing increased synthesis of Hsp70 ameliorates both aggregate formation and toxicity in primary motor neurons in culture. However, chronic increase in an inducible form of Hsp70 to about 10-fold its normal level is shown here not to affect disease course or pathology developed in mice from accumulation of any of three familial ALS causing SOD1 mutants with different underlying biochemical characteristics. Therefore, increasing Hsp70 to a level that is protective in mouse models of acute ischemic insult and selected neurodegenerative disorders is not sufficient to ameliorate mutant SOD1-mediated toxicity.
Discovering key concepts in verbose queries (2008)

Current search engines do not, in general, perform well with longer, more verbose queries. One of the main issues in processing these queries is identifying the key concepts that will have the most impact on effectiveness. In this paper, we develop and evaluate a technique that uses query-dependent, corpus-dependent, and corpus-independent features for automatic extraction of key concepts from verbose queries. We show that our method achieves higher accuracy in the identification of key concepts than standard weighting methods such as inverse document frequency. Finally, we propose a probabilistic model for integrating the weighted key concepts identified by our method into a query, and demonstrate that this integration significantly improves retrieval effectiveness for a large set of natural language description queries derived from TREC topics on several newswire and web collections.