gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a second RcsA protein, a positive regulator of colanic acid capsular polysaccharide genes, in Escherichia coli (1996)

A second form of RcsA, a positive activator of the capsular polysaccharide genes (cps), has been identified in Escherichia coli. Ferguson plot analysis suggests that the two RcsA proteins differ by size rather than by charge. Both RcsA proteins are expressed from a single rcsA gene. Detection of both RcsA proteins in delta lon cells is RcsB dependent.
Autoactivation of human plasma prekallikrein. (1987)

Incubation of purified human plasma prekallikrein with sulfatides or dextran sulfate resulted in spontaneous activation of prekallikrein as judged by the appearance of amidolytic activity toward the chromogenic substrate H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-p-nitroanilide. The time course of generation of amidolytic activity was sigmoidal with an apparent lag phase that was followed by a relatively rapid activation until finally a plateau was reached. Soybean trypsin inhibitor completely blocked prekallikrein activation whereas corn, lima bean, and ovomucoid trypsin inhibitors did not. The Ki of the reversible inhibitor benzamidine for autoactivation (240 microM) was identical to the Ki of benzamidine for kallikrein. Thus, spontaneous prekallikrein activation and kallikrein showed the same specificity for a number of serine protease inhibitors. This indicates that prekallikrein is activated by its own enzymatically active form, kallikrein. Immunoblotting analysis of the time course of activation showed that, concomitant with the appearance of amidolytic activity, prekallikrein was cleaved. However, prekallikrein was not quantitatively converted into two-chain kallikrein since other polypeptide products were visible on the gels. This accounts for the observation that in amidolytic assays not all prekallikrein present in the reaction mixture was measured as active kallikrein. Kinetic analysis showed that prekallikrein activation can be described by a second-order reaction mechanism in which prekallikrein is activated by kallikrein. The apparent second-order rate constant was 2.7 X 10(4) M-1 s-1 (pH 7.2, 50 microM sulfatides, ionic strength I = 0.06, at 37 degrees C). Autocatalytic prekallikrein activation was strongly dependent on the ionic strength, since there was a considerable decrease in the second-order rate constant of the reaction at high salt concentrations. In support of the autoactivation mechanism it was found that increasing the amount of kallikrein initially present in the reaction mixture resulted in a significant reduction of the lag period and a rapid completion of the reaction while the second-order rate constant was not influenced. Our data support a prekallikrein autoactivation mechanism in which surface-bound kallikrein activates surface-bound prekallikrein.
Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer: An overview (2012)

Although esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most common cancer in several European countries, it is one of deadliest worldwide. The most frequent predisposing factor implicated in its development is Barrett's esophagus (BE), an acquired metaplastic transformation of the esophageal lining cells from normal squamous epithelium into specialised or intestinal-like columnar epithelium. The major risk factor for BE is gastroesophageal reflux disease. Although BE is in itself a benign and often asymptomatic disorder, its clinical importance stems from the recognition that it represents the main precursor lesion for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC), a tumor that is rapidly increasing especially in developed countries and is associated with a low survival rate. This paper provides an overview of the epidemiology and natural history of BE as well as of the possible pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of BE and its progressive transition to AC. New diagnostic tests are described, recommendations for screening and surveillance are provided and surgical and ablative procedures to treat dysplastic lesions and early neoplasia are discussed. Claimed chemopreventive agents and biomarkers that in the near future may help identify people with a higher risk of EC are also considered.
Constitutive expression of P‐glycoprotein as a determinant of loading with fluorescent calcium probes (1994)

Determination of intracellular calcium levels in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using the fluorescent calcium probe indo-1AM was hindered by the low level of accumulation of indo-1 in these cells. CHO cells are known to express basal levels of the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Rhodamine-123, which is a known substrate of P-gp, was used to confirm the presence of P-gp in CHO cells. Verapamil and cyclosporin (CsA), both inhibitors of P-gp, enhanced accumulation of indo-1 in these cells and therefore allowed for improved intracellular calcium measurements. P-gp overexpressing colchicine-resistant CHO cells (CHRC5) also displayed enhanced indo-1AM loading with P-gp inhibitors. Nondetectable levels of P-gp activity were found in wild-type CEM-CCRF cells (human T lymphoblasts), and these cells did not show any difference in indo-1AM loading in the presence or absence of P-gp inhibitors. Loading of a second calcium fluorescent probe fluo-3AM was improved in CHO cells by P-gp inhibition, whereas the structurally related pH probe BCECF-AM was minimally affected. Because low levels of P-gp may be expressed by a range of cell lines and normal tissues, it is suggested that this be considered if difficulties are encountered in loading fluorescent calcium probes.
ChemInform Abstract: Absolute Configuration of Falcarinol, a Potent Antitumor Agent Commonly Occurring in Plants. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Adenoidectomy plus tympanostomy tube insertion versus adenoidectomy plus myringotomy in children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (2010)

Tympanostomy tube insertion confers a short term benefit, compared with simple myringotomy, in children older than three years with otitis media with effusion who receive concurrent adenoidectomy as treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Further studies are necessary to identify which of these children will receive long-lasting benefit from tympanostomy tube insertion.
An exact solution to simultaneous technology mapping and linear placement problem (1997)

In this paper, we present an optimal algorithm for solving the simultaneous technology mapping and linear placement problem for tree-structured circuits with the objective of minimizing the post-layout area. The proposed algorithm relies on generation of gate-area versus cut-width curves using a dynamic programming approach. A novel design flow, which extends this algorithm to minimize the circuit delay and handle general DAG structures, is also presented. Experimental results on MCNC benchmarks are reported.
A model for an SI disease in an age - structured population (2002)

We formulate and analyze a model for an infectious disease which does notcause death but for which infectives remain infective for life. We derive the basic reproductivenumber $R_0$ and show that there is a unique globally asymptotically stable equilibrium,namely the disease - free equilibrium if $R_0 1$.However, the relation between the basic reproductive number, the mean age at infection,and the mean life span depends on the distribution of life spans and may be quite differentfrom that for exponentially distributed life spans or very short infective periods.
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy using photonic crystal fiber with two closely lying zero dispersion wavelengths (2007)

We demonstrate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy of lipid-rich structures using a single unamplified femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser and a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with two closely lying zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDW) for the Stokes source. The primary enabling factor for the fast data acquisition (84 micros per pixel) in the proof-of-principle CARS images, is the low noise supercontinuum (SC) generated in this type of PCF, in contrast to SC generated in a PCF with one ZDW. The dependence of the Stokes pulse on average input power, pump wavelength, pulse duration and polarization is experimentally characterized. We show that it is possible to control the spectral shape of the SC by tuning the pump wavelength of the input pulse and the consequence for CARS microscopy is discussed.
Preparation of Monodisperse and Spherical Rutile VO<sub>2</sub> Fine Particles (2008)

A method for preparing monodisperse and spherical VO2 fine particles with a rutile structure was developed. Because of their monodispersity and spherical shape, they could form a three-dimensionally ordered array, that is, a colloid crystal.
Chronic Psychosocial Stress Causes Apical Dendritic Atrophy of Hippocampal CA3 Pyramidal Neurons in Subordinate Tree Shrews (1996)

We have shown previously that repeated laboratory restraint stress or daily corticosterone administration affects the structure of CA3 hippocampal neurons in rats. In the present study, we investigated the effect of repeated daily psychosocial stress on the structure of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in male tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri). Male tree shrews develop social hierarchies in which subordinates show characteristic changes in physiological and behavioral parameters when confronted with a dominant. In the present experiments, subordinate animals lost body weight soon after starting the daily social conflict, and urinary excretion of cortisol was elevated throughout the experiment as compared with the control period. Golgi-impregnated brain tissue from subordinates exposed to 28 d (1 hr/d) of social confrontations was compared with that from control nonstressed animals. The apical dendrites of the CA3 pyramidal cells from subordinates had a decreased number of branch points and total dendritic length as compared with controls. No differences were observed in apical dendritic spine density or in the basal dendritic tree morphology. The stress-induced CA3 apical dendritic atrophy in subordinates was prevented by administering daily oral doses of the antiepileptic drug phenytoin (Dilantin, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) (200 mg/kg), which interferes with excitatory amino acid (EAA) action. These results suggest that the naturalistic stressor psychosocial stress induces specific structural changes in hippocampal neurons of subordinate male tree shrews. These changes, like those in the rat after glucocorticoid treatment or restraint stress, probably are mediated by activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal-axis acting in concert with endogenous EAAs from mossy fiber input.
Cost-Efficient Fiber Connection Topology Design for Metropolitan Area WDM Networks (2009)

In this paper, we provide some analytical insights into physical architectures that can serve as benchmarks for designing a cost-efficient WDM metropolitan area network (MAN). For uniform all-to-all traffic and regular topologies with nodal symmetry, we identify a class of regular graphs—Generalized Moore Graphs—that have several attractive properties by formulating a first-order cost model and characterizing the tradeoff between fiber and switching resources. Our results show that, in conjunction with minimum hop routing, Moore Graphs achieve the minimum cost and simultaneously use the least number of wavelengths. We also take steps to broaden the scope of our work by addressing irregular network topologies, which represent most existing networks. Our results show that Generalized Moore Graphs can be used to provide useful estimates of the cost of irregular networks and can serve as good reference architectures for the designs of practical networks.
Distributed data aggregation in sensor networks by regression based compression (2005)

In this paper we propose a method for data compression and its subsequent regeneration using a polynomial regression technique. We approximate data received over the considered area by fitting it to a function and communicate this by passing only the coefficients that describe the function. In this paper, we extend our previous algorithm TREG to consider non-complete aggregation trees. The proposed algorithm DUMMYREG is run at each parent node and uses information present in the existing child to construct a complete binary tree. In addition to obtaining values in regions devoid of sensor nodes and reducing communication overhead, this new approach further reduces the error when the readings are regenerated at the sink. Results reveal that for a network density of 0.0025 and a complete binary tree of depth 4, the absolute error is 6%. For a non-complete binary tree, TREG returns an error of 18% while this is reduced to 12% when DUMMYREG is used
4-Hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol, a nuclear factor-κB inhibitor, improves photodamaged skin and clinical signs of ageing in a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (2015)

Inhibition of the proinflammatory NF-κB pathway resulted in increased expression of ECM proteins in vitro and significant clinical improvement in photodamaged skin.
Flow-based Service Type Identification using Deep Learning (2021)

Automatic identification of the service type used by network flows (e.g., HTTP and MySQL) is an essential part of many cloud management and monitoring tasks for quality of service, security monitoring, resource allocation, etc. Several studies have adapted deep learning models for accurate service type identification of network traffic. These models vary in how the message flow data is used and what datasets are considered. There are no published guidelines on selecting the best approach for automating the service identification process. In this paper, we opt to fill such a technical gap and provide a detailed study of the trade-offs of different deep-learning based approaches for service type identification of network traffic. Towards this end, we generate flow-based datasets for a wide range of service types that are commonly deployed in the cloud. We consider two different deep learning models that have shown promising results in this context, and show their performance for both payload- and header-based datasets, considering fundamental parameters such as dynamic service port configuration, flow direction and the packet order in the flow stream.
Inhibition of Neutral Endopeptidase, the Degradative Enzyme for Natriuretic Peptides, in rat Kidney after Oral SCH 42495 (1997)

1. Inhibition of neutral endopeptidase (NEP), the degradative enzyme for atrial natriuretic peptide, was studied in vitro and in vivo using a previously characterized NEP inhibitor radioligand, 125I-labelled RB104. 2. SCH 42354, the active di-acid of the ethylester prodrug, SCH 42495, caused a concentration-dependent displacement of 125I-labelled RB104 from rat renal NEP. The concentration of SCH 42354 that displaced 50% of radioligand bound to the enzyme NEP (IC50) was 3.3 +/- 0.1 nmol/l (mean +/- SEM). Enalaprilat, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, did not displace 125I-labelled RB104 in concentrations up to 10 mumol/l. 3. In adult normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats, oral SCH 42495 (3-300 mg/kg) caused significant inhibition of renal NEP (P < 0.001). SCH 42495 had no effect on renal or plasma angiotensin converting enzyme activity, but high-dose SCH 42495 (300 mg/kg) caused a significant increase in plasma renin activity (P < 0.01). 4. In a time course study, oral SCH 42495 (30 mg/kg) caused rapid (within 30 min) and significant inhibition of renal NEP for up to 48 h (P < 0.001). No changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide or plasma angiotensin converting enzyme activity were seen. 5. These data provide evidence that short-term administration of the NEP inhibitor SCH 42495 results in inhibition of renal NEP and does not inhibit the circulating or the tissue renin-angiotensin system. The NEP inhibitor radioligand 125I-labelled RB104, is a useful tool to study tissue NEP inhibition after administration of NEP inhibitors.
Endostatin regulates endothelial cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization. (2002)

Endostatin, an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor, attenuates endothelial cell migration through an unknown mechanism. We show that endostatin induced tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and paxillin, and promoted formation of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers, similar to fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). In cells cotreated with endostatin and FGF-2, focal adhesions and actin stress fibers were decreased, indicating that endostatin disturbs cell-matrix adhesion. Reduced tyrosine phosphorylation and cytoplasmic relocalization of beta-catenin in cells treated with FGF-2 and endostatin indicates that loosening of cell-cell adhesion is also disturbed by endostatin. These data provide a molecular basis both for the lack of effect of endostatin on the normal, quiescent vasculature, and its antagonistic effects on stimulated tumor vessels.
Contraceptive use and the risk of HIV infection in Nairobi, Kenya (1995)

The finding of no significant association between past or current OC use and risk of HIV infection suggests that any independent association that may exist between OC use and HIV risk is not large.
Wireless Monitoring of Household Electrical Power Meter Using Embedded RFID with Wireless Sensor Network Platform (2014)

Tracking and monitoring system using radio frequency identification (RFID) have gained a lot of improvements especially for applications that need automation with reduction in human intervention and become more interesting nowadays with the increasing market demand for internet of things (IoT) technologies. The objective of this study is to improve the machine-to-machine (M2M) communication using active RFID with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with heterogeneous data transfer (regardless of power meter type) for monitoring and identification of household electrical consumption. M2M is a popular technology and has become a part of our daily life. WSN through ZigBee technology is applied to monitor data and to read the load consumption from the electrical household power meter by embedding a tag module into the meter. In-house built-in tag was embedded into an electrical power meter with a power management circuit communicating to a reader at an RF signal of 2.45 GHz based on the star network topology with the sleep mode function. The experimental results indicated that the electrical power meters with embedded tags successfully worked wirelessly with acceptable mean value of electrical consumption difference in Watts more than those without tags (standalone meter), which is in the range of 2.44 W to 2.5 W based on 10-hour measurements.
Aboutness from a commonsense perspective (2000)

Information retrieval (IR) is driven by a process which decides whether a document is about a query. Recent attempts spawned from logic-based information retrieval theory have formalized properties characterizing aboutness, but no consensus has yet been reached. The proposed properties are largely determined by the underlying framework within which aboutness is defined. In addition, some properties are only sound within the context of a given IR model, but are not sound from the perspective of the user. For example, a common form of aboutness, namely overlapping aboutness, implies precision degrading properties such as compositional monotonicity. Therefore, the motivating question for this paper is: Independent of any given IR model, and examined within an information- based, abstract framework, what are commonsense properties of aboutness (and its dual, non-aboutness)? We propose a set of properties characterizing aboutness and non-aboutness from a commonsense perspective. Special attention is paid to the rules prescribing conservative behaviour of aboutness with respect to information composition. The interaction between aboutness and non-aboutness is modeled via normative rules. The completeness, soundness and consistency of the aboutness proof systems are analyzed and discussed. A case study based on monotonicity shows that many current IR systems are either monotonic or non-monotonic. An interesting class of IR models, namely those that are conservatively monotonic, is identified.
Studies of the biogenic amine transporters. IV. Demonstration of a multiplicity of binding sites in rat caudate membranes for the cocaine analog [125I]RTI-55. (1994)

The drug 3 beta-[4'-iodophenyl]tropan-2 beta-carboxylic acid methyl ester (RTI-55) is a cocaine congener with high affinity for the dopamine transporter (Kd < 1 nM). The present study characterized [125I]RTI-55 binding to membranes prepared from rat, monkey and human caudates and COS cells transiently expressing the cloned rat dopamine (DA) transporter. Using the method of binding surface analysis, two binding sites were resolved in rat caudate: a high-capacity binding site (site 1, Bmax = 11,900 fmol/mg of protein) and a low-capacity site (site 2, Bmax = 846 fmol/mg of protein). The Kd (or Ki) values of selected drugs at the two sites were as follows: (Ki for high-capacity site and Ki for low-capacity site, respectively): RTI-55 (0.76 and 0.21 nM), 1-[2-diphenyl-methoxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (0.79 and 358 nM), mazindol (37.6 and 631 nM), 2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (45.0 and 540 nM) and cocaine (341 and 129 nM). Nisoxetine, a selective noradrenergic uptake blocker, had low affinity for both sites. Serotonergic uptake blockers had a high degree of selectivity and high affinity for the low-capacity binding site (Ki of citalopram = 0.38 nM; Ki of paroxetine = 0.033 nM). The i.c.v. administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine to rats pretreated with nomifensine (to protect dopaminergic and noradrenergic nerve terminals) selectively decreased the Bmax of site 2, strongly supporting the idea that site 2 is a binding site on the serotonin (5-HT) transporter. This serotonergic lesion also increased the affinity of [125I]RTI-55 for the DA transporter by 10-fold. The ligand selectivity of the caudate 5-HT transporter was different from the [I125]RTI-55 binding site on the 5-HT transporter present in membranes prepared from whole rat brain minus caudate. The [125I]RTI-55 binding to the DA transporter was further resolved into two components, termed sites 1a and 1b, by using human and monkey (Macaca mulatta) caudate membranes but not the membranes prepared from rat caudate or COS cells that transiently expressed the cloned cocaine-sensitive DA transporter complementary DNA. Similar experiments also resolved two components of the caudate 5-HT transporter. Viewed collectively, these data provide evidence that [125I]RTI-55 labels multiple binding sites associated with the DA and 5-HT transporters.
Anti-edema Effect of a Drink Containing Peucedanum Japonicum Thunb. in Healthy Japanese Women (2012)

健常人女性10名において，下肢むくみに対するボタンボウフウを含む試験飲料の6日間摂取による改善効果を検討した．その結果，飲料摂取により下腿周囲径の増加が抑制され，VASアンケートにおける被験者の体感でもむくみの軽減が示唆された．また，飲料に含まれるボタンボウフウ中のポリフェノールを分析したところ，柑橘類に含まれることが知られているヘスペリジンやジオスミンが検出され，他の含有成分とともに血流改善，むくみ改善に関与する可能性が推察された．以上のように，ボタンボウフウを含む試験飲料の摂取により健常人のむくみが改善することが示唆された．