gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous Wave Laser Ground-to-Space-to-Ground Laser Experiment (1967)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text K. Lang and R. Lucy, "Continuous Wave Laser Ground-to-Space-to-Ground Laser Experiment," Appl. Opt. 6, 1579-1579 (1967) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
PCEP extensions for SR-MPLS-TP (2019)

This document proposes a set of extensions to PCEP for Transport
Profile of SR-MPLS (SR-MPLS-TP) networks and defines a mechanism to
create the bi-directional SR tunnel with PCE.
Incorporation and Release of Hydrophobic Probes in Biocompatible Polycaprolactone-<i>block</i>-poly(ethylene oxide) Micelles:  Implications for Drug Delivery (2002)

Block copolymer micelles have shown high potential as hydrophobic drug carriers. The loading efficiency, partition coefficient, and release profile all play critical roles in micellar drug delivery. As part of a series of studies on these polycaprolactone-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PCL-b-PEO) micelles in drug delivery, we investigated the solubilization and release of the hydrophobic probes, benzo[a]pyrene and Cell-Tracker CM-DiI (DiI) from these micelles using fluorescence spectroscopy. The same method was also used to determine the partition coefficients of each probe between the core and the exterior solution, which were calculated at different solvent compositions and extrapolated to 100% water. The maximum loading efficiencies of DiI and benzo[a]pyrene were 87% and 32%, respectively. The large difference in the loading efficiency is related to the values of the partition coefficients, which were calculated to be 5800 for DiI and 700 for benzo[a]pyrene. DiI is more highly miscible with the polycaprolactone core compared to benzo[a]pyrene. The release of the hydrophobic probes from the micelles showed a biphasic profile under "perfect sink" conditions; there is an initial burst release, followed by a slow and prolonged release until, eventually, complete release is achieved. The release of the probes from the micelles is under diffusion control as shown by the linearity of the release as a function of the square root of time. Approximate diffusion constants of the order of 10-15 cm2/s for DiI and benzo[a]pyrene were obtained. We demonstrate that the type and the concentration of the incorporated agent influence the loading and the release from PCL-b-PEO micelles. In addition to providing new information on the incorporation and release of benzo[a]pyrene and DiI from these micelles, this study also demonstrates the importance of probe−micelle compatibility in the evaluation of a micellar drug delivery system.
A sensitive integrated CMOS charge comparator (1989)

The motivation behind this research was to design and fabricate an integrated circuit which is a position-sensitive detector for low energy (typically <or=100 eV) charged particles. The actual device comprises a linear array of electron-sensing electrodes coupled to detection and read-out circuitry in the form of amplifiers and counters all integrated onto a single CMOS IC. The chip is intended to replace existing position-sensitive detection systems in electron spectrometers. The chip is mounted in a vacuum and needs to be capable of detecting incident charge-pulses that consist of, typically, 10/sup 5/ to 10/sup 6/ electrons.
Inhibition of prolipoprotein signal peptidase by globomycin. (1985)

Globomycin inhibits the prolipoprotein-specific signal peptidase activity by binding to the enzyme in a noncompetitive manner (Ki = 36 nM). The Km of prolipoprotein signal peptidase for the prolipoprotein substrate is 6 (+/- 1) microM.
<title>HOEs recorded in silver halide sensitized gelatin emulsions</title> (2000)

Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) holograms are similar to holograms recorded in dichromated gelatin (DCG), the main recording material for holographic optical elements (HOEs). The drawbacks of DCG is its low sensitivity and limited spectral response. Silver halide materials can be processed in such a way that the final hologram will have properties like a DCG hologram. Recently, this technique has become more interesting after the introduction of the new ultra-high-resolution silver halide emulsions. An optimized processing technique for transmission HOEs recorded in these materials is reported. Diffraction efficiencies over 90% can be obtained for transmissive diffraction gratings. Understanding the importance of the selective hardening process has made it possible to obtain results similar to conventional DCG processing. The main advantage of the SHSG process is that high sensitivity recording can be performed employing laser wavelengths anywhere within the visible spectrum. This simplifies the manufacturing of high-quality, large-format HOEs.
Grundlagen (1997)

Das Verständnis der unterschiedlichen Kommunikationsstrukturen zwischen Computern und ihren Komponenten erfordert ein gewisses Maß an Grundlagenwissen der analogen und digitalen Nachrichten- und Kommunikationstechnik. Diese Grundlagen sollen in diesem ersten Kapitel erläutert werden, soweit sie für das Verständnis der weiteren Kapitel notwendig sind.
Where and Who? Automatic Semantic-Aware Person Composition (2017)

Image compositing is a method used to generate realistic yet fake imagery by inserting contents from one image to another. Previous work in compositing has focused on improving appearance compatibility of a user selected foreground segment and a background image (i.e. color and illumination consistency). In this work, we instead develop a fully automated compositing model that additionally learns to select and transform compatible foreground segments from a large collection given only an input image background. To simplify the task, we restrict our problem by focusing on human instance composition, because human segments exhibit strong correlations with their background and because of the availability of large annotated data. We develop a novel branching Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that jointly predicts candidate person locations given a background image. We then use pre-trained deep feature representations to retrieve person instances from a large segment database. Experimental results show that our model can generate composite images that look visually convincing. We also develop a user interface to demonstrate the potential application of our method.
THE INFLUENCE OF CANNABIS ON DRIVING (2000)

The results from a study of different doses of cannabis and the influence on driving and driving related skills are reported. The study required participants who were male, drivers and regular cannabis users to undertake a variety of different tasks. The participants were given cannabis to smoke, either in the form of a prepared grass-based cannabis cigarette or were asked to prepare a typical joint to smoke using supplied cannabis resin. The prepared 'grass' based cannabis cigarettes were supplied by NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) and varied in active THC content to give a placebo, a low dose and a high dose. Each participant attended four test sessions where they were given a different cannabis dose, the dose ordering was fully randomised for the NIDA cigarettes. The participants drove the TRL simulator on a motorway, a 'figure of eight' and a dual carriageway with traffic light controlled junctions. Various measures of their driving skill were taken. They also took a test of their hazard perception and a compensatory tracking task. They also underwent sobriety testing 10-15 minutes after dosing and completed a mood questionnaire at different times during their test session. Three blood samples and four saliva samples were taken. On arrival urine was screened for polydrug use and a breathalyser test was administered to exclude recent alcohol consumption. The blood and saliva samples were analysed for different components of cannabis. (A)
Decreased responsiveness of vascular postjunctional α<sub>1</sub>‐, α<sub>2</sub>‐adrenoceptors and neuropeptide Y1 receptors in rats with heart failure (1999)

Heart failure is associated with increased sympathetic nerve activity. We hypothesized that chronic sympathetic stimulation in heart failure resulted in decreased vascular sympathetic responsiveness. A pithed rat model was employed to evaluate peripheral vascular alpha-adrenoceptor and neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor responsiveness. Heart failure was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by coronary artery ligation. Sham operated rats (Sham) served as controls. Two months after this surgical procedure, both heart failure (n = 30) and Sham (n = 30) rats underwent standard pithing procedure. Pressor responses to preganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation (PNS) and activation of postjunctional alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptors as well as Y1 receptors were studied. In response to PNS, cardiac index was similar between heart failure and sham rats (P = n.s.). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased in a frequency-dependent fashion after PNS in heart failure rats as well as in control rats. All the agonists used, i.e. the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine, the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists clonidine and BHT933 as well as NPY, induced dose-dependent increases in MAP in heart failure and in sham rats. However, in rats with heart failure, the response to all the agonists studied was significantly decreased and the dose response curves were shifted to the right (P < 0.01). We conclude that in vivo vascular response to postjunctional alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptors as well as Y1 receptors are decreased in rats with heart failure.
Synthesis and properties of polyhydroxyurethane bearing silicone backbone (2014)

ABSTRACT Polyhydroxyurethane bearing silicone backbone was prepared by polyaddition of silicone diamines with a bifunctional five‐membered cyclic carbonate prepared from the corresponding diepoxide and CO 2 . Polymerization in propylene glycol methyl ether acetate proceeded smoothly, and polymers could be obtained in high yields under appropriate conditions. The introduced silicone moieties improved the hydrophobicity and lowered the glass transition temperature keeping thermal stability. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52 , 1113–1118
An enhancer-like element present in the promoter of a T-DNA gene from the Ti plasmid of <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> (1988)

The promoter of the 780 gene of T-right [Thomashow, M., Nutter, R., Montoya, A., Gordon, M. & Nester, E. (1980) Cell 19, 729-739] from Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid (pTi15955) was shown to contain an upstream cis-acting element (activator) having enhancer-like properties. To characterize the properties of this promoter element, it was placed in both polarities, upstream and downstream of a Delta-37 deletion mutant of the 780 gene. The Delta-37 deletion contains the entire 780 gene with the 5' flanking sequences deleted upstream of TATA to -37. The effect of the activator on in vivo transcriptional activity was assessed by S1 nuclease mapping utilizing a homologous reference gene as an internal standard. Transcript levels from sunflower crown gall tumors were between 127% and 90% of the wild-type 780 gene depending on the polarity of the activator element when placed directly upstream to the 780 gene Delta-37 promoter. Repositioning the activator element 613 base pairs further upstream increased transcription by 2-fold regardless of polarity. However, the activator element did not promote transcription when placed in either polarity approximately 200 base pairs downstream of the poly(A) addition site. Upstream promoter fragments (TATA-distal) from the octopine synthase (ocs) and agropine synthase (ags) genes were also tested for activation of the Delta-37 construction. The ocs sequences activated transcription of the Delta-37 deletion to 14% of wild-type levels when placed upstream in the B (reverse) orientation. All other constructions with the ocs and ags sequences showed no enhancement of promoter activity.
The essential genome of a bacterium (2011)

Caulobacter crescentus is a model organism for the integrated circuitry that runs a bacterial cell cycle. Full discovery of its essential genome, including non-coding, regulatory and coding elements, is a prerequisite for understanding the complete regulatory network of a bacterial cell. Using hyper-saturated transposon mutagenesis coupled with high-throughput sequencing, we determined the essential Caulobacter genome at 8 bp resolution, including 1012 essential genome features: 480 ORFs, 402 regulatory sequences and 130 non-coding elements, including 90 intergenic segments of unknown function. The essential transcriptional circuitry for growth on rich media includes 10 transcription factors, 2 RNA polymerase sigma factors and 1 anti-sigma factor. We identified all essential promoter elements for the cell cycle-regulated genes. The essential elements are preferentially positioned near the origin and terminus of the chromosome. The high-resolution strategy used here is applicable to high-throughput, full genome essentiality studies and large-scale genetic perturbation experiments in a broad class of bacterial species.
The adaptive cross validation method-applied to the control of circuit switched networks (2002)

The adaptive cross validation (AVC) method is a very general method for system performance optimization. It can be used in the design phase to determine how a system should be designed, or it could be used during the operational phase to dynamically determine the control of the system. A novel formalism, suitable for presentation of mathematical models in technical publications, is used to formally describe the studied system, which is a circuit switched network. The generality of the method implies that it, is valid for general distributions describing inter-arrival and holding times, as well as for complex routing methods which make an analytical approach infeasible. The method is used for real-time control of two routing algorithm parameters. The results are very satisfactory.
Anisotropic Thermal and Electrical Properties of Thin Thermal Interface Layers of Graphite Nanoplatelet-Based Composites (2013)

Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are crucial components of high density electronics and the high thermal conductivity of graphite makes this material an attractive candidate for such applications. We report an investigation of the in-plane and through-plane electrical and thermal conductivities of thin thermal interface layers of graphite nanoplatelet (GNP) based composites. The in-plane electrical conductivity exceeds its through-plane counterpart by three orders of magnitude, whereas the ratio of the thermal conductivities is about 5. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the anisotropy in the transport properties is due to the in-plane alignment of the GNPs which occurs during the formation of the thermal interface layer. Because the alignment in the thermal interface layer suppresses the through-plane component of the thermal conductivity, the anisotropy strongly degrades the performance of GNP-based composites in the geometry required for typical thermal management applications and must be taken into account in the development of GNP-based TIMs.
Introduction (1977)

One's first impression on looking at the field of personality theories is of a great range and variety of contending approaches. And yet on closer examination there are certain basic themes which arise in different theories; like the concept of a 'natural' or 'true' self which struggles to emerge against all the pressures and distorting influences of a social environment, or Freud's discoveries which appear in a number of different guises. Thus it is possible, and may be useful, to explore personality theories at the level of these themes in addition to whatever work may go on by way of specific empirical testing of particular theories. This approach is especially relevant in a study which, while respecting the necessary autonomy of the disciplines of psychology and sociology, is designed to raise questions about the relation between them and the possibilities and needs for interdisciplinary study. Personality theories are attempts to construct knowledge of a particularly significant kind—knowledge of what it is to be a human being, with all that this entails in terms of a formative social context—and this makes it imperative to call upon a predominantly sociological method of appraisal which derives from the sociology of knowledge, as well as a careful psychological assessment of the theories.
Effects of Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) on DNA Damage, Lipid Peroxidation, and Phase II Enzyme Activities in Rats (2008)

Blueberry extracts have high antioxidant potential and increase phase II enzyme activities in vitro. This study tested the hypothesis that blueberries would reduce DNA damage and lipid peroxidation and increase phase II enzyme activities in vivo. Young, healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8 per group) were fed control AIN-93 diets or AIN-93 diets supplemented with blueberries or blueberry extracts for 3 weeks. Diets were supplemented with 10% freeze-dried whole blueberries, blueberry polyphenol extract and sugars to match the 10% blueberry diet, or 1 and 0.2% blueberry flavonoids, which were primarily anthocyanins. Liver and colon mucosa glutathione-S-transferase (GST), quinone reductase, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities in colon mucosa and liver were not significantly increased by freeze-dried whole blueberries or blueberry fractions. Liver GST activity, however, was approximately 25% higher than controls for the freeze-dried whole blueberry, blueberry polyphenol, and 1% flavonoid groups. DNA damage was significantly lower than control only in the liver of animals fed the 1% flavonoid diet. The level of urinary F(2)-isoprostanes, a measure of lipid peroxidation, was unaffected. In summary, in healthy rats, short-term supplementation with freeze-dried whole blueberries, blueberry polyphenols, or blueberry flavonoids did not significantly increase phase II enzyme activities. However, supplementation with 1% blueberry flavonoids did decrease oxidative DNA damage in the liver.
Geometry and dynamics in refracting systems (1995)

The geometric and dynamic postulates for rays in inhomogeneous optical media lead succinctly to the two Hamilton equations in regions where the inhomogeneity is smooth; at a surface of discontinuity between two smooth media, they lead to two conservation laws. One of these is the Ibn Sahl (-Snell-Descartes) law of finite refraction. The transformation due to finite refraction can be in general factorized into two simpler root transformations. These conclusions apply for mechanical as well as optical systems.
Safety Evaluation and Imaging Properties of Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticles in nonhuman primates (2016)

In this article, we report the safety evaluation of gadolinium-based nanoparticles in nonhuman primates (NHP) in the context of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in atherosclerosis bearing animals and healthy controls. In healthy NHP, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles demonstrated the absence of dose, time, and sex-effects, as well as a suitable tolerance of intravenous administration of the nanoparticles. We investigated their imaging properties for arterial plaque imaging in a standard diet or a high cholesterol diet NHP, and compared their characteristics with clinically applied Gd-chelate. This preliminary investigation reports the efficient and safe imaging of atherosclerotic plaques.
Theory and experiment of heterojunction bipolar transistor at very low temperatures (1986)

This paper presents the first observation of 4.2 K operation of HBT and describes the construction of a new theory to interpret it. As a result, possibility of a few mV logic swing circuit is theoretically predicted.
Dual Leakoff Behavior in Hydraulic Fracturing of Tight, Lenticular Gas Sands (1990)

Summary Stimulation experiments conducted in anisotropic, naturally fractured, tight, lenticular gas sandstones have shown the existence of a dual-leakoff phenomenon. Below a threshold pressure, the leakoff coefficient is very low and fluids are very efficient. Above the threshold, leakoff increases by a factor of 50, slurries dehydrate rapidly, and screenouts occur in minutes. The leakoff has been shown to be controllable to some extent with 100-mesh sand. Results of three stimulation experiments are presented, including a treatment that screened out, a minifracture experiment that showed the effectiveness of 100-mesh sand, and a final successful stimulation.
Synthesis and Thermodynamic Stabilities of Damaged DNA Involving 8-Hydroxyguanine (7,8-Dihydro-8-Oxoguanine) in a<i>ras</i>-Gene Fragments (1994)

Abstract A new building block of 8-hydroxyguanine (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, oh8Gua) with a N2-(N, N-dimethylaminomethylene) group was prepared for oligonucleotide synthesis. Oligodeoxyribonucleotides corresponding to a part of the human c-Ha-ras gene and containing oh8Gua in codon 12 were synthesized using the phosphoramidite monomer. The oligonucleotides were used for thermal denaturation studies and circular dichroism measurements. Thermodynamic parameters showed that, other than oh8Gua:C and oh8Gua:A pairs, oh8Gua at the first and second positions of codon 12 forms stable pairs with G and T, respectively. These results may explain the different spectra of mutations induced by the base at the first and second positions of codon 12.
Synchronization Procedure in 5G NR Systems (2019)

Similar to all mobile communication networks, synchronization in the time-frequency domain is a fundamental step that allows a fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) user equipment (UE) to properly receive and transmit its data. Due to the wide range of frequencies that are defined for the 5G NR systems, the corresponding synchronization procedure becomes critical and presents many challenges, especially for the applications that would need accurate oscillators to reduce the large values of the frequency offset. In this paper, we present and detail the 5G NR physical layer. Then, we describe the required synchronization procedure for 5G NR. And finally, we present the main challenges and issues within the 5G NR synchronization.
A Low Temperature Infra-Red Transmission Cell* (1949)

A versatile apparatus is described which allows the infra-red absorption spectra of materials to be obtained at temperatures down to that of liquid helium 4.2°K. The observed spectrum is the usual transmission measurement obtained in the normal way without disturbing the optics of the spectrometer.Samples can be observed which are solid, liquid, or gas at ordinary temperatures. Solids and liquids are suitably supported and are surrounded by helium gas at the temperature of liquid helium in order to provide for heat removal from the sample by both gaseous conduction and convection. The temperature rise of the sample due to absorbed radiation is thus very small. Condensible gases may be deposited onto one side of the vacuum tight infra-red transparent windows bathed on the inner side by cold helium gas. Observations have been made for periods of forty-five minutes using a single charge of approximately 200 cc of liquid helium. Detailed features of construction and operation conform to the exacting requirements of very low temperature work.