gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rhythmic coupling among cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (2000)

In mammals, the part of the nervous system responsible for most circadian behavior can be localized to a pair of structures in the hypothalamus known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Previous studies suggest that the basic mechanism responsible for the generation of these rhythms is intrinsic to individual cells. There is also evidence that the cells within the SCN are coupled to one another and that this coupling is important for the normal functioning of the circadian system. One mechanism that mediates coordinated electrical activity is direct electrical connections between cells formed by gap junctions. In the present study, we used a brain slice preparation to show that developing SCN cells are dye coupled. Dye coupling was observed in both the ventrolateral and dorsomedial subdivisions of the SCN and was blocked by application of a gap junction inhibitor, halothane. Dye coupling in the SCN appears to be regulated by activity-dependent mechanisms as both tetrodotoxin and the GABA(A) agonist muscimol inhibited the extent of coupling. Furthermore, acute hyperpolarization of the membrane potential of the original biocytin-filled neuron decreased the extent of coupling. SCN cells were extensively dye coupled during the day when the cells exhibit synchronous neural activity but were minimally dye coupled during the night when the cells are electrically silent. Immunocytochemical analysis provides evidence that a gap-junction-forming protein, connexin32, is expressed in the SCN of postnatal animals. Together the results are consistent with a model in which gap junctions provide a means to couple SCN neurons on a circadian basis.
<i>Streptococcus cristatus</i> ArcA interferes with <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> pathogenicity in mice (2012)

This study provides direct evidence that S. cristatus ArcA has an inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis colonization, which may in turn attenuate the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis.
Determination of engine misfiring using magnetoelastic torque sensor (1998)

A method for the determination of engine misfiring has been achieved with a magnetic-head-type torque sensor based on the magnetoelastic effect. Sensor signal treatment using fast Fourier transformation (FFT) is introduced into this method to detect the misfiring cylinders. It has been confirmed that the determination of the misfiring cylinders is successful experimentally in a multicylinder engine such as the four-cycle engine having eight cylinders. In addition, this method is superior in accuracy to the conventional method with rotation speed detection, as well as ease of sensor installation.
Fast, robust total variation-based reconstruction of noisy, blurred images (1998)

Tikhonov regularization with a modified total variation regularization functional is used to recover an image from noisy, blurred data. This approach is appropriate for image processing in that it does not place a priori smoothness conditions on the solution image. An efficient algorithm is presented for the discretized problem that combines a fixed point iteration to handle nonlinearity with a new, effective preconditioned conjugate gradient iteration for large linear systems. Reconstructions, convergence results, and a direct comparison with a fast linear solver are presented for a satellite image reconstruction application.
Long term recombinant interferon alpha treatment in MS with special emphasis to side effects (1996)

Twenty relapsing-remitting (RR) clinically definite MS patients were treated with 9 MIU intramuscular recombinant interferon alpha-2a (rIFNA) (Roferon-A, Roche) (n = 12) or placebo (n = 8) every other day for 6 months and followed up for a further 6 months after stopping treatment. Numbers of active lesions at MRI and of patients with clinical-MRI signs of disease activity and lymphocyte interferon gamma production, which were decreased during treatment, returned to values similar to baseline and placebos after stopping treatment. rIFNA chronic therapy seems therefore needed in order to maintain drug efficacy. Side effect profile was monitored, too, for over 1 year in the same 20 patients plus 25 additional RR MS patients. Besides the typical side effects of type I interferon therapy (fever, fatigue, depression, lymphopenia, hepatic enzyme elevation), occurrence of serum autoAbs was noted in 30% patients (in 60% antinuclear and in 80% antithyroid autoAbs). In two patients rIFNA treatment was stopped, in one case for antithyroid autoAbs and hypothyroidism, in the other for antinuclear autoAbs and a five-fold increase of ALT. A careful monitoring of serum autoAbs and of signs of thyroid or liver damage must always precede and accompany longterm type I IFN therapy.
XenomiRs and miRNA homeostasis in health and disease (2012)

Contributions of dietary miRNAs to circulating small RNA profiles would have profound implications for interpretation of miRNA biomarker studies: presumptive disease-specific markers might instead indicate responses to disease-associated quantitative or qualitative dietary alteration. This examination weighs the evidence for a 2-fold hypothesis: first, that ingested biological matter contributes directly to the miRNA complement of body compartments; and second, that these diet-derived exogenous miRNAs (or "xenomiRs") affect total miRNA profiles as part of a circulating miRNA homeostasis that is altered in many diseases. Homeostasis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), a known miRNA carrier-provides a model as a proposed component of broader miRNA homeostasis. Further research into the dietary xenomiR hypothesis is needed to ensure rigor in the search for truly disease-specific miRNA biomarkers.
Total synthesis of (-)-pseudopterosin A (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (-)-pseudopterosin AChris A. Broka, Samantha Chan, and Barry PetersonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 7, 1584–1586Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00242a053https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00242a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1017Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
In Vivo Measurement of Blood Recirculation During “Y” Type Single Needle Dialysis (1979)

A method has been described and validated for obtaining a sample of blood, without separate venapuncture, which has the same urea and creatinine composition as systemic venous blood during hemodialysis. Using this technique, recirculation in vivo during "Y" type single needle dialysis, measured in 20 bovine fistulas, ranged from 6.9% to 56.5% and averaged 19.4% of blood flow rate as calculated from blood urea nitrogen; and averaged 22.0% with a range of 3.3% to 62.1% of blood flow rate as calculated from serum creatinine concentration. These results suggest that fistula puncture methods and devices that eliminate recirculation in the ex vivo blood circuit should be used to maximize dialysis efficiency.
Situation Awareness with the Limited Visual Attention (2000)

Situation awareness (SA) is the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future (Endsley M. 1988). A critical aspect of the situation awareness (SA) problem is that agents must construct an overall view of a dynamically changing world using limited sensor channels. For instance, a (virtual) pilot, who visually tracks the location and direction of several vehicles that he cannot see simultaneously, must shift its visual field of view to scan the environment and to sense the situation involved. We developed the perceptual coordination that helps a virtual pilot efficiently track one or more objects. Simulation worlds usually offered all information to virtual humans. However, providing all information to the
원보 : 수종 Flavonoid 의 항허피스바이러스효과 (1999)

To search for less toxic antiherpetic agents, the inhibitory effects of twelve kinds of flavonoids including chrysin, quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, fisetin, gossypin, kaempferol, morin, naringenin, naringin, hesperetin and hesperidin on the plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in Vero cells were examined by plaque reduction assay in vitro. Some flavonoids tested in this study showed potent antiherpetic activity, reducing intracellular replication of herpes simplex viruses when Vero cell monolayers were infected and subsequently cultured in medium containing flavonoids. Naringenin showed the the most potent antiviral activity against HSV-1 with selectivity index (SI) of 19.1 and hesperetin showed the most potent antiviral activity against HSV-2 with SI of 9.8. These results suggest that some flavonoids may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of herpes simplex virus infections.
Associations among serum trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels, kidney function and infarcted coronary artery number in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery: a cross-sectional study (2015)

Higher serum TMAO levels may be associated with advanced CKD stages and with an increased number of infarcted coronary arteries in patients who undergo cardiovascular surgery.
Low power on-chip thermal sensors based on wires (2007)

Current thermal scaling trends in multilevel low-k interconnect structures suggest an increasing heat density as we move from substrate to higher metal levels. Thus, the deterioration of interconnect performance at extreme temperatures has the capability to offset the degradation in device performance when operating at higher-than-normal temperatures. Existing thermal sensing approaches rely heavily on devices (MOS/diodes). They are optimized for a low area and power overhead but continue to suffer from leakage and self-heating and also, tend to disregard the thermal impact on interconnects. We propose an alternate approach of using interconnects to perform the thermal sensing. With feature-size shrinking, metal layers are closer to the substrate suggesting a strong correlation between interconnect temperature and thermal profile of the underlying substrate. Thus, in addition to quantifying the temperature impact on interconnect signal delay; output of proposed sensors can be used to estimate substrate thermal status as well. The simplistic schemes proposed allow reuse of existing on-chip resources such as drivers and time-digitizers, have a low power requirement and are robust against variations in wire dimensions, non-uniform temperature distribution and supply noise.
DISSECTING THE MOLECULAR INTERPLAY BETWEEN TOMATO SPOTTED WILT VIRUS AND THE INSECT VECTOR, FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS (2014)

The Bunyaviridae is a family of animal and plant viruses that pose a threat to human, animal, and plant health worldwide.In nature, the dissemination of these viruses is dependent on arthropod vectors (genera Orthobunyavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus, and Tospovirus) or rodent vectors (genus Hantavirus).The genus Tospovirus is the only one within this virus family that is composed of plant-infecting viruses transmitted by thrips.Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), the type species of the Tospovirus genus, is one of the ten most devastating plant viruses known.It is most efficiently transmitted by the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, in a persistant propagative manner.The insect molecules associated with virus infection and transmission by the thrips vector remain unidentified to date.The aim of this work was to identify F. occidentalis larval thrips proteins that are differentially expressed during TSWV infection of the insect vector and those that directly interact with TSWV.To achieve these goals, I used two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry coupled with Mascot searches.I identified 26 protein spots that displayed differential abundances in response to TSWV infection, which contained 37 proteins.Sixty two percent of these proteins were down-regulated by the viral infection demonstrating a complex response.Moreover, 8 and 11 protein spots that directly interacted with purified TSWV virions and a TSWV glycoprotein (GN), respectively, were identified in overlay assays of larval thrips proteins resolved by 2-D gel electrophoresis.A total of five proteins were identified from these spots.These interacting proteins might play roles in attachment and entry, endocytosis/exocytosis, and escape from different tissues for transmission to occur.Injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into adult female thrips triggered an RNAi response that resulted in 23% reduction of the target gene transcript level.This significant reduction resulted in increased mortality and decreased fertility compared to insects injected with control dsRNA or water and non-injected insects as well.The work presented here provides new insights on the molecular basis of this virus-vector interaction and describes new tools to conduct functional genomic assays to study gene function and design control strategies of F. occidentalis.
Update 1 to Factorizations of a... (1994)

In an earlier Report (NM-R9212, June 1992), two of us gave tables of factorizations of a n \\Sigma 1 for 13 a ! 100. The exponents n satisfied a n ! 10 255 if a ! 30, and n 100 if a 30. The factorizations were complete for n 46, and the tables contained no composite numbers smaller than 10 80 . In this Report we update the original tables. The factorizations are now complete for n 58, and there are no composite numbers smaller than 10 86 . 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 11A25; Secondary 11-04. Keywords and Phrases: Factor Tables. Appeared as Report NM-R94??, Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, Amsterdam, September 1994, 46 pp. Only the front matter is given here. Copyright c fl 1994, the authors. rpb134u1 typeset using T E X 1. Introduction For many years there has been an interest in the prime factors of numbers of the form a n \\Sigma 1, where a is a small integer (the base) and n is a positive exponent. Such numbers often arise. For example, i...
Luminescent properties of Gd<sub>3</sub>(Al,Ga)<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>crystal co-doped with Ce and M<sup>4+</sup> (2015)

Since the light output of Zr4+ co-doped Ce:Gd2SiO5 scintillator improved compared with the Ce:Gd2SiO5 one, the light output and other scintillation properties of M4+/Ce3+ co-doped Gd3Al2 Ga3O12 (GAGG), where M = Zr, Hf, were investigated. (Gd1-x, Ce0.01, Mx)3Ga3Al2O12 (M=Zr, Hf, x = 0.001 and 0.0002) crystals were grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method. We found these samples had longer decay time constants and the light outputs of these co-doped samples were degraded compared with that of the conventional Ce:GAGG.
Sorghum Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Information Related to Water Stress Adaptation Strategies through ICTs in the Semi-arid Region of Cameroon (2016)

This article addresses the problem of farmers' access to agricultural information through Information and Communication Technologies (radio, telephone, agricultural magazines). The purpose of this research work is to assess sorghum farmers' access to ICTs, and ICTsâ€™ contribution to the diffusion of agricultural information related to water stress adaptation strategies. The study was conducted in the DiamarÃ© division from September 2011 to December 2014. The choice of the study area and sites was influenced by both ICTsâ€™ access and sorghum production basins. In all six hundred farmsâ€™ household heads from twenty villages were randomly selected and submitted a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (W Kendall test of agreement, chi-square test). It appears that radio is the farmersâ€™ most used and most preferred ICT, while agricultural magazines are perceived as the most effective ICT in terms of dissemination of information related to water stress adaptation strategies. The phone is the ICT that has mostly contributed to the effective diffusion of the water stress adaptation strategies currently in use by farmers. The ICTsâ€™ features that attract farmers include diversity of broadcast languages, diversity of agricultural information disseminated, and ability to facilitate direct communication between actors. To promote broad dissemination of agricultural innovations through ICTs, agricultural stakeholders must consider all the above results, while integrating farmers and journalists in all phases of the process. The integration of the agricultural innovationsâ€™ diffusion through ICTs in the agricultural policies and the ITCsâ€™ operatorsâ€™ agendas is a priority.
Scalability of multicast based synchronization methods (2002)

Consistent maintenance of distributed data is important in application areas like groupware and for runtime support for parallel computing. We examine the performance of different multicast based methods for maintaining the consistency of distributed data depending on the network topology and concurrency. Our prototype software implements ordered, reliable multicasts on top of the unreliable IP broad- or multicast with three different methods (Master-Slave, Token Exchange on Demand, Totem Single Ring). This paper shows measurement results for the efficiency and scalability of the three methods in different topologies. The measurements confirm earlier analytical results. Totem behaves well in large networks with many concurrent senders. The overhead of Token on Demand and of the Master-Slave algorithm is almost the same. Also we could not find an indication for the often-read opinion that the Master-Slave approach scales worse because of the central bottleneck.
Effects of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> on Composition of Intestinal Microbiota: Role of Nisin (2006)

This study examined the ability of (i) pure nisin, (ii) nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis strain CHCC5826, and (iii) the non-nisin-producing L. lactis strain CHCH2862 to affect the composition of the intestinal microbiota of human flora-associated rats. The presence of both the nisin-producing and the non-nisin-producing L. lactis strains significantly increased the number of Bifidobacterium cells in fecal samples during the first 8 days but decreased the number of enterococci/streptococci in duodenum, ileum, cecum, and colon samples as detected by selective cultivation. No significant changes in the rat fecal microbiota were observed after dosage with nisin. Pearson cluster analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of the 16S rRNA genes present in the fecal microbial population revealed that the microbiota of animals dosed with either of the two L. lactis strains were different from that of control animals dosed with saline. However, profiles of the microbiota from animals dosed with nisin did not differ from the controls. The concentrations of nisin estimated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were approximately 10-fold higher in the small intestine and 200-fold higher in feces than the corresponding concentrations estimated by a biological assay. This indicates that nisin was degraded or inactivated in the gastrointestinal tract, since fragments of this bacteriocin are detected by ELISA while an intact molecule is needed to retain biological activity.
Analysis of multiple classes of abscisic acid‐responsive genes during embryogenesis in <i>zea mays</i> (1994)

Abstract We have examined the effects of the plant growth regulator abscisic acid (ABA), on the accumulation of three transcripts during maize embryogenesis. The Emb5 and Rab ‐17 transcripts were first detected during mid embryogenesis and accumulated to high levels during late embryogenesis. In an ABA‐deficient mutant, both transcripts were accumulated at very low levels. Treatment with μM ABA during early and mid embryogenesis, but not during late embryogenesis, in the wild type and the ABA‐deficient mutant enhanced the accumulation of the Emb5 and Rab‐17 transcripts. The oleosin KD18 transcript was detected at moderate levels during early embryogenesis, reached a peak during mid embryogenesis and then declined gradually. Embryos incubated in the absence of ABA exhibited a rapid loss of the oleosin KD18 transcript whereas a high level of accumulation of this transcript was maintained by incubation with nM ABA. Interestingly, the oleosin KD18 transcript was accumulated at high levels in the ABA‐deficient mutant and was also detected, albeit at low levels, in an ABA‐insensitive mutant. In addition, the Rab‐17 transcript could be stimulated to accumulate in vegetative tissue by either ABA or water stress. Similar treatment of vegetative tissue did not induce the accumulation of Emb5 or oleosin KD18 transcripts. These results suggest that ABA‐responsive genes expressed during maize embryo‐genesis are regulated by multiple mechanisms. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of Silver Carp <i>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</i> and Freshwater Mussel <i>Elliptio complanata</i> Filtration on the Phytoplankton Community of Partitioned Aquaculture System Units (2004)

Abstract Growers produce over 2.8 million kg of catfish (over $350 million wholesale revenue) annually in the United States. The microbiology of the phytoplankton community in culture water affects the growth and flavor of the catfish and is a consideration for growers. Filter feeders, like silver carp and freshwater mussels, in controlled growth systems are used to adjust the phytoplankton species. Our goal was to successfully control the algal populations with filter feeders in catfish production. We used silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix as a filter feeder in Partitioned Aquaculture System (PAS) water. Silver carp completely eliminated the cyanobacteria Microcystis by size and biovolume reduction. This created the desired effect of small green algae dominating the algal community. A significant but opposite change was observed when freshwater mussels Elliptio complanata filtered PAS water resulting in Microcystis biovolume and size dominance in the PAS; a less desirable algal community. This study also showed an immediate shift in the phytoplankton community when silver carp and mussels were interchanged between PAS waters. The size‐selective filtration by the two filter‐feeding taxa was important in determining the composition of the PAS phytoplankton community, and it was apparent that filtration with silver carp successfully depleted undesirable algae.