gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phenolics in Moroccan Medicinal Plant Species as Studied by Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy (2001)

A chemical survey of 49 Moroccan medicinal plant species comprising 45 genera of 27 families was performed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanoid glycosides were especially evident as strong chemotaxonomic markers for the subfamily Lamioideae of the Lamiaceae, being observed in Marrubium vulgare, Aloysia triphylla and possibly recorded here for the first time in Oxyris quadripartita (Santalaceae). Chlorogenic acid was observed in Artemisia herba-alba but not in A. absinthium or in two other Asteraceae species. Rosmarinic acid was observed in Mentha spicata, Nepeta apulaei, Nepeta sp., Thymus maroccanus and T. saturoides, all belonging to subfamily Nepetoideae of Lamiaceae. However, the acid was not observed in four other species of the subfamily. Thymoquinol was observed in Curcubita pepo, Crotalaria saharae, Nigella sativa (seed) and Piper longum but not in P. Cubeba. The compound was also found in Thymus maroccanus but not in T. saturoides. A strong signal of lawsone was observed with Lawsonia inermis. A naphthohydroquinone of unknown structure as well as juglone were observed from the stem bark of Juglans regia. Protocatechuic and caffeic acids were observed in the seeds of Ricinus communis, Aloysia triphylla and in Nepeta sp. Gallic acid and/or its esters were observed in six species of six families and often observed together, e.g., in the leaves of Euphorbia falcata. 6-Hydroxydopamine was identified in Piper longum. No ESR detectable phenolics were observed in nearly 20 species.
Chemical industry (1928)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical industryArthur D. Little Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1928, 5, 6, 641Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1928Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 June 1928Published inissue 1 June 1928https://doi.org/10.1021/ed005p641RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (7 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Proton Mobility in 2‐Substituted 1,3‐Dichlorobenzenes: “<i>ortho</i>” or “<i>meta</i>” Metalation? (2006)

Abstract Nine 1,3‐dichlorobenzene congeners were selected as model compounds to assess the relative rates of proton abstraction from 4‐ and 5‐positions (“ ortho ” vs. “ meta ” metalation). Using lithium 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidide as the basic reagent, the chlorine‐adjacent 4‐position underwent metalation exclusively. In contrast, attack at the chlorine‐remote 5‐position became significant even in the case of moderately sized 2‐substituents (such as dimethylamino or ethyl) when sec ‐butyllithium was employed. The “ ortho/para ” (4‐/5‐) ratios ranged from 80:20 to 65:35. The more pronounced “ meta ‐orienting” effect of silicon as opposed to carbon substituents can be attributed to dissimilarities in the π polarization of the aromatic ring.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
DVB-MHP/Java TV™ data transport mechanisms (2002)

With the advent of digital television, more specifically interactive television, the emergence and adoption of the Java^TM DVB-MHP standards here in Australia provides developers with a range of new technologies and issues.
Characterization and immunogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium SL1344 and UK-1 delta crp and delta cdt deletion mutants (1997)

S. typhimurium SL1344 and UK-1 mutants with deletions of the crp (cyclic AMP receptor protein) and cdt (colonization of deep tissues) genes have been constructed and characterized, and their levels of virulence and immunogenicity have been determined for BALB/c mice. All Crp- Cdt- and Crp+ Cdt- mutants were avirulent, as mice survived oral doses of 10(9) cells without illness. All the mutants colonized the gut-associated lymphoid tissue efficiently, but capacities to colonize deeper tissues, such as those of the spleen and liver, and blood were significantly reduced for the Crp- Cdt- and Crp+ Cdt- mutants compared with the Crp- Cdt+ mutant and the wild-type parent strain. The Crp- Cdt- and Crp+ Cdt- SL1344 strains induced complete protection, as all mice immunized with the mutants survived challenge with approximately 10(4) times the 50% lethal dose of the wild-type SL1344 strain. The Crp- UK-1 strain was least attenuated yet induced the highest level of protective immunity against challenge with the wild-type UK-1 strain. The Crp+ Cdt- and Crp- Cdt- strains, although totally attenuated, differed in immunogenicity to challenge with the highly virulent UK-1 parent, with the apparently hyperattenuated Crp- Cdt- strain inducing a lower level of protective immunity than the Crp+ Cdt- strain. Nevertheless, these UK-1 Crp- Cdt- and Crp+ Cdt- strains induced complete protective immunity to challenge with the less-virulent SL1344 wild-type strain. Taken collectively, the results indicate that the attenuation of a highly virulent S. typhimurium strain can yield a vaccine that induces excellent protective immunity to challenge with less-virulent S. typhimurium strains.
Amiloride analogues cause endothelium‐dependent relaxation in the canine coronary artery <i>in vitro</i>: possible role of Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchange (1988)

1. A number of amiloride analogues were used to test the proposal that Na+/Ca2+ exchange may play a role in the secretion of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). The analogues used were those substituted on either the 5-amino group or the terminal guanidino nitrogen atom. The former block both Na+/Ca2+ and Na+/H+ exchange whilst the latter block the Na+ channel and the Na+/Ca2+ exchange. 2. Both series of compounds caused relaxation in isolated rings of dog coronary artery (EC50 values, 1-10 microM) presumably due to release of EDRF since removal of endothelium greatly attenuated the response. 3. Amiloride (1-100 microM) had little effect on either endothelium-intact or denuded arteries. 4. The guanidino substituted analogues also appeared to block selectively the relaxation response to acetylcholine in the coronary artery, independently of their EDRF-releasing activity. 5. It is proposed that endothelial cells have an active Na+/Ca2+ exchange operating in the forward mode to extrude Ca2+. This mechanism may be important in the control of EDRF release.
Synthesis of Perylene Dyes with Multiple Triphenylamine Substituents (2012)

Perylene monoimide (PMI) was brominated to give tetra- and tribrominated molecules, which underwent a Suzuki coupling reaction with 4-(diphenylamino)phenylboronic acid to give PMI derivatives. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were investigated, and theoretical calculations were performed. Single crystals of tetrasubstituted PMI were grown and studied in detail. The structure-property relationships were examined to reveal the effect of the position and number of substituents on the perylene core unit. All molecules showed a broad absorption up to 750 nm. Corresponding anhydrides of PMIs were used for fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells. The molecule with four triphenylamine units on perylene monoanhydride showed the highest power conversion efficiency.
Development of chip scale packages (CSP) for center pad devices (2002)

Memory chip scale package (MCSP) has been developed for center pad memory devices. The MCSP is classified into two designs, tapeless lead on chip (LOC) and flexible substrate, respectively. The MCSP with a tapeless LOC design consists of a polyimide-deposited chip which is bonded to a lead frame and then encapsulated with a molding compound. The MCSP made with a flexible substrate consists of a polyimide-deposited chip which is bonded to the flexible substrate with a thermoplastic polyimide and subsequently encapsulated with a liquid epoxy compound. Wire bonding technology was used for both of MCSPs. A 52 ball package are composed of solder balls (1.0 mm in diameter on a 1.27 mm pitch) attached to either the lead frame or the flexible substrate. The optimum material properties, the wafer fabrication and packaging process parameters, and the experimental and simulated reliability and performance results of the MCSPs are presented.
Low-Voltage Electrolytic Hydrogen Production Derived from Efficient Water and Ethanol Oxidation on Fluorine-Modified FeOOH Anode (2017)

Highly active, earth-abundant anode catalysts are urgently required for the development of electrolytic devices for hydrogen generation. However, the reaction efficiencies of most developed electrocatalysts have been intrinsically limited due to their insufficient adsorption of reactants leading to high energy intermediates. Here, we establish that electronegative fluorine can moderate the binding energy between the Fe sites (FeOOH) and reactants (OH– or C2H5O–), resulting in more optimized adsorption, and can enhance the positive charge densities on the Fe sites to facilitate oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and ethanol oxidation. Consequently, a low electrolytic voltage (1.43 V to achieve 10 mA cm–2) for H2 production was obtained by integrating the efficiently anodic behaviors of OER and ethanol oxidation. The results reported herein point to fluorine moderation as a promising pathway for developing optimal electrocatalysts and contribute to ongoing efforts of mimicking water splitting.
Sit to Stand Detection and Analysis. (2008)

The ability to rise from a chair is a prerequisite for independent ambulation. Difficulty rising from a chair, moreover, is an indicator of balance deficits likely to result in a fall. In this paper we present preliminary work to affordably detect sit to stand strategies associated with balance impairment using web cameras. The long term goal is to create systems that can monitor functional movements that are common at home in a way that reflects changes in stability and impairment.
Studies on the Gastroprotective and Ulcer-Healing Effects of Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate (1987)

We investigated the gastroprotective effects of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS, De-Nol) in comparison with agents such as sucralfate and methylated PGE2. Both CBS and sucralfate given orally prevented dose dependently the formation of gastric lesions by acidified aspirin, ethanol and restraint stress, CBS being more potent on a weight-to-weight basis than sucralfate. CBS and sucralfate were also equally effective in enhancing the healing rate of chronic gastric and duodenal ulcer induced by serosal application of acetic acid, while methylated PGE2 was completely ineffective in this model. Non-colloidal bismuth subnitrate, in contrast to CBS, was ineffective against stress-induced lesions. CBS stimulated mucosal generation and luminal release of PGE2 dose dependently.
Interaction Between Macrophages and Articular Surfaces: An<i>In Vitro</i>Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study (1990)

Interactions between macrophages and articular surfaces were studied in an in vitro model which has been described before. Either stimulated peritoneal macrophages or a purified population of bone marrow macrophages were incubated with mice femoral heads which were either untreated or were digested with collagenase, trypsin or hyaluronidase prior to incubation. Scanning electron microscopy (EM) examination showed that macrophages attached to the surface and in their vicinity tags and fibers were visible. Transmission EM was used after labeling the surfaces with cationized ferritin employed as a sensitive marker to define the integrity of the articular surface. Alterations of the surface of various degrees of intensity were seen in all the sections examined. No adhering macrophages were found, due probably to detachment of cells during tissue processing for transmission EM. Attachment of macrophages to the surface and alterations of the latter were seen also when hyaluronic acid was added to the incubation medium or when the surfaces had been treated with hyaluronidase before incubation.
Synthesis of D- and L-2-Aminobutylisothiourea Dihydrobromide Isomers and Their Conversion to Guanidothiols, Disulfides, and Thiazolines (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of D- and L-2-Aminobutylisothiourea Dihydrobromide Isomers and Their Conversion to Guanidothiols, Disulfides, and ThiazolinesDavid G. Doherty and Raymond ShapiraCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 5, 1339–1342Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01040a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01040a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of energy delivery via a His bundle catheter during closed chest ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system. (1983)

In this paper we summarize our experience and report the characteristics of energy delivery in 23 patients who have undergone closed chest ablation of the normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction system for the treatment of refractory supraventricular arrhythmias. The induction of AV block was achieved by the synchronous delivery of electrical energy with a damped sinusoidal waveform utilizing a standard direct current defibrillator and a standard tripolar His bundle catheter. The procedure was well tolerated, though one patient experienced ventricular fibrillation, which was uneventfully converted with external paddles. Complete AV block was achieved in 20 of 23 patients and all were rendered arrhythmia free, though two still required antiarrhythmic drugs. A stable escape rhythm was seen in all patients with a cycle length of 1,294 +/- 243 ms. Creatine phosphokinase-MB was positive at low levels in 19 of 23 patients and cleared within 24 h. 99mTc pyrophosphate scans were faintly positive in only 2 of 22 patients. Left ventricular wall motion and ejection fractions were unchanged in 19 of 19 patients, two-dimensional echocardiography with microcavitation technique was unchanged in 12 of 12 patients, and a slight increase in pulmonary artery wedge pressure was seen in only 1 of 11 patients. Current, voltage, and their product (power) waveforms were recorded in 12 patients (12 recordings at a defibrillator setting of 200 J and 5 recordings at a defibrillator setting of 300 J) and revealed a complex voltage-current relationship due to changes occurring at the catheter electrode-tissue interface. At 200 J the peak values were 42.2 +/- 3.3 A, 2.16 +/- 0.11 kV, and 87.9 +/- 4.7 kW, while at 300 J the peak values were 58.2 +/- 2.8 A, 2.40 +/- 0.10 kV, and 134.4 +/- 6.7 kW, respectively. No instance of catheter disruption was seen, though "pitting" of the distal electrode (through which current passed) occurred in all but one catheter.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Like Syndrome in Monkeys Fed Alfalfa Sprouts: Role of a Nonprotein Amino Acid (1982)

Hematologic and serologic abnormalities similar to those observed in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed in cynomolgus macaques fed alfalfa sprouts. L-Canavanine sulfate, a constituent of alfalfa sprouts, was incorporated into the diet and reactivated the syndrome in monkeys in which an SLE-like syndrome had previously been induced by the ingestion of alfalfa seeds or sprouts.
Zintl Phases: Transitions between Metallic and Ionic Bonding (1973)

Abstract Experimental studies on compounds of alkali and alkaline earth metals with semi‐ and metametals have considerably broadened the basis for a discussion of the transition from metallic to ionic bonding. Current interest is focused mainly upon the elucidation of the principles governing the structure of such compounds which are subject to a wide range of variation within this class of materials. A new definition of the term Zintl phase is proposed after consideration of available findings.
Erkennung der Selektivität von Oxidationsreaktionen auf Katalysatorbibliotheken durch ortsaufgelöste Massenspektrometrie (1999)

In 2-mm-Mikroreaktoren gelingt über massenspektrometrische Methoden die Aktivitäts- und Selektivitätsbestimmung durch robotergesteuerte Abrasterung auf einer Katalysatorbibliothek (die Abbildung zeigt das Prinzip). Pro Bibliothekspunkt werden dazu maximal 60 Sekunden benötigt.
Highly Polar Metal-Metal Bonds in “Early-Late” Heterodimetallic Complexes (2000)

Metal-metal bond polarity in its extreme form involving transition elements is found in di- or polynuclear complexes in which molecular fragments containing metal atoms from the two ends of the d block in the periodic table are combined. This linkage by direct metal-metal bonds of metal centers having very different oxidation states has been a challenge to the synthetic chemist. The suppression of degradative reaction channels caused by intramolecular single-electron transfer and the protection of the highly Lewis acidic early transition metal center by an appropriately designed ligand shell have opened up the systematic investigation of such systems. Concomitant with this development, advances in the conceptual framework for the quantitative description of bond polarity have led to a refined understanding of the nature of this type of metal-metal bonding. The greatest stimulus for the development of this field of research is the investigation of the cooperative reactivity of two or more coordination centers in their interaction with and transformation of organic substrates. This cooperativity, which is characterized by the different functions adopted by the metal centers in these conversions offers attractive perspectives in stoichiometric or even catalytic transformations.
Antioxidant capacity and secondary metabolites in four species of Andean tuber crops: native potato (<i>Solanum</i> sp.), mashua (<i>Tropaeolum tuberosum</i> Ruiz & Pavón), Oca (<i>Oxalis tuberosa</i> Molina) and ulluco (<i>Ullucus tuberosus</i> Caldas) (2006)

Abstract Four species of edible tubers endemic to and domesticated in the Andes, native potato ( Solanum sp.), mashua ( Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón), oca ( Oxalis tuberosa Molina) and ulluco ( Ullucus tuberosus Caldas), were studied for their antioxidant capacity and associated secondary metabolites. The antioxidant capacity was measured using ABTS − radicals and total phenolics, carotenoids, anthocyanin, betaxanthin and betacyanin content were also characterized. The antioxidant capacity found in the crops studied ranged from 483 to 9800 µg trolox equiv. g −1 , phenolics ranged from 0.41 to 3.37 mg chlorogenic acid equiv. g −1 , anthocyanins ranged from 0.08 to 2.05 mg cyanidin 3‐glucoside g −1 and carotenoids ranged from 1 to 25 µg β‐carotene g −1 . The content of bioactive compounds was high and variable between crops and within the genotypes studied. In general, mashua tubers showed the highest antioxidant capacity and phenolic, anthocyanin and carotenoid content compared with other crops. Ulluco was the only crop that contained betalains in the acid form of betaxanthins (22–96 µg g −1 ) and betacyanins (64 µg g −1 ) with no presence of carotenoids or anthocyanins. This is the first publication regarding the antioxidant capacity of and associated secondary metabolites in Andean tubers. This information can be useful in the identification of Andean tubers species and genotypes with potential value as a novel dietary source of antioxidants for food, and also for medicinal use. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Generalized shrinkage and penalty functions (2013)

We extend the proximal mapping property of soft thresholding to a general class of shrinkage mappings. We give an example and demonstrate improved reconstruction performance.
Optical fiber switch driven by PZT bimorph (1978)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Yutaka Ohmori and Haruo Ogiwara, "Optical fiber switch driven by PZT bimorph," Appl. Opt. 17, 3531-3532 (1978) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cancer in man. (1996)

Various substances and industrial processes, surrogates of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are currently classified as human carcinogens. This paper reviews recent epidemiological studies reporting direct evidence of the carcinogenic effects of PAHs in occupationally exposed subjects. Risks of lung and bladder cancer were dose dependent when PAHs were measured quantitatively and truly nonexposed groups were chosen for comparison. These new findings suggest that the current threshold limit value of 0.2 mg/m3 of benzene soluble matter (which indicates PAH exposure) is unacceptable because, after 40 years of exposure, it involves a relative risk of 1.2-1.4 for lung cancer and 2.2 for bladder cancer.
Isolation of Dolastatin 10 from the Marine Cyanobacterium <i>Symploca</i> Species VP642 and Total Stereochemistry and Biological Evaluation of Its Analogue Symplostatin 1 (2001)

The potent antitumor agent dolastatin 10 (1) was originally isolated from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia, and we now report its isolation from the marine cyanobacterium Symploca sp. VP642 from Palau. The chemically related analogue symplostatin 1 (2) has been reisolated from Guamanian and Hawaiian varieties of S. hydnoides and its total stereochemistry completed by determining the N,N-dimethylisoleucine unit to be L. Symplostatin 1 (2), like dolastatin 10 (1), is a potent microtubule inhibitor. The antitumor activity of 2 was assessed in vivo against several murine tumors. Symplostatin 1 (2) was effective against a drug-insensitive mammary tumor and a drug-insensitive colon tumor; however, it was only slightly effective against two MDR tumors.