gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An alternative approach to reduced-complexity CPM-receivers (1989)

By separating the two complexity problems connected with optimum coherent CPM (continuous phase modulation) receivers, namely, the number of linear filters and the number of memory states required, a straightforward procedure for reducing the complexity is proposed and its usefulness is evaluated. A concise analysis of the inherent trellis encoder associated with CPM is given. It is then demonstrated that for almost all schemes of interest in practice, it is quite sufficient for the receiver to implement only four or six linear filters which represent proper reference signals. For a reduction in the number of memory states, decision-feedback sequence estimation together with minimization of the unprocessed intersymbol interference is proposed. Modifications of this procedure allow a state reduction without losses or with only negligible losses because only error events with large distances are affected. Combinations of these methods make possible an almost continuous tradeoff between receiver complexity and SNR (signal/noise ratio) losses. Several examples are considered for which evaluations of minimum Euclidean distances and simulation results are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and cancer (2014)

Mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (mROS) as a natural by-product of electron transport chain activity. While initial studies focused on the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species, a recent paradigm shift has shown that mROS can act as signaling molecules to activate pro-growth responses. Cancer cells have long been observed to have increased production of ROS relative to normal cells, although the implications of this increase were not always clear. This is especially interesting considering cancer cells often also induce expression of antioxidant proteins. Here, we discuss how cancer-associated mutations and microenvironments can increase production of mROS, which can lead to activation of tumorigenic signaling and metabolic reprogramming. This tumorigenic signaling also increases expression of antioxidant proteins to balance the high production of ROS to maintain redox homeostasis. We also discuss how cancer-specific modifications to ROS and antioxidants may be targeted for therapy.
Three-dimensional eddy structure in a cylindrical container (1997)

We consider Stokes flow in a cylindrical container of circular section induced by the uniform translatory motion of one of the endwalls. This flow field is of interest because it is possible to get reliable analytical descriptions of important three-dimensional structures such as the primary and corner eddies. It is shown, using a result of Tran-Cong & Blake, that separable solutions exist which can be combined to yield vector eigenfunctions that satisfy the sidewall boundary conditions provided the eigenvalues satisfy the transcendental equation formula here
MHCBN: a comprehensive database of MHC binding and non-binding peptides (2003)

MHCBN is a comprehensive database of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) binding and non-binding peptides compiled from published literature and existing databases. The latest version of the database has 19 777 entries including 17 129 MHC binders and 2648 MHC non-binders for more than 400 MHC molecules. The database has sequence and structure data of (a) source proteins of peptides and (b) MHC molecules. MHCBN has a number of web tools that include: (i) mapping of peptide on query sequence; (ii) search on any field; (iii) creation of data sets; and (iv) online data submission. The database also provides hypertext links to major databases like SWISS-PROT, PDB, IMGT/HLA-DB, GenBank and PUBMED.
Identification of Non-Peptide Malignant Brain Tumor (MBT) Repeat Antagonists by Virtual Screening of Commercially Available Compounds (2010)

The malignant brain tumor (MBT) repeat is an important epigenetic-code "reader" and is functionally associated with differentiation, gene silencing, and tumor suppression. (1-3) Small molecule probes of MBT domains should enable a systematic study of MBT-containing proteins and potentially reveal novel druggable targets. We designed and applied a virtual screening strategy that identified potential MBT antagonists in a large database of commercially available compounds. A small set of virtual hits was purchased and submitted to experimental testing. Nineteen of the purchased compounds showed a specific dose-dependent protein binding and will provide critical structure-activity information for subsequent lead generation and optimization.
Poly(methylsilane)—A High Ceramic Yield Precursor to Silicon Carbide (1991)

Preceramic polymers offer exceptional potential for low‐temperature processing of both oxide and non‐oxide ceramics. In addition, shapes such as fibers, films, and membranes that are not commonly available using standard processing techniques are readity available using preceramic polymers. In non‐oxide ceramics, the ceramic products generally available from preceramics do not exhibit all of the typical properties associated with the same materials produced by standard, high‐temperature processing approaches. In part, this appears to be because there are very few preceramic polymers that lead to high‐purity, single‐phase materials. Poly(methylsilane), (–[MeHSi] x –), produced from MeSiH 3 , can be used to produce relatively pure, bulk SiC at temperatures below 1000°C. The transformation process from polymer to ceramic is followed by 29 Si NMR and diffuse reflectance IR. The polymer first undergoes a major rearrangement from poly(silane) to poly(carbosilane) at 400°C. Above 400°C, the resulting poly(carbosilane) decomposes to a hydrogenated form of SiC as shown by spectroscopic analysis of the 600°C material. Further heating, to 1000°C for 1 h, provides very narrow 29 Si peaks indicative of β‐SiC mixed with small amounts of α‐SiC polytypes. Chemical analysis, when coupled with the 29 Si and XRD results, suggests that poly(methylsilane) produces resonably pure, nanocrystalline SiC at temperatures much lower than previously observed for other SiC preceramic polymers.
Discriminating liquids using a robotic kitchen assistant (2015)

A necessary skill when using liquids in the preparation of food is to be able to estimate viscosity, e.g. in order to control the pouring velocity or to determine the thickness of a sauce. We introduce a method to allow a robotic kitchen assistant discriminate between different but visually similar liquids. Using a Kinect depth camera, surface changes, induced by a simple pushing motion, are recorded and used as input to nearest neighbour and polynomial regression classification models. Results reveal that even when the classifier is trained on a relatively small dataset it generalises well to unknown containers and liquid fill rates. Furthermore, the regression model allows us to determine the approximate viscosity of unknown liquids.
Understanding Changes in Household Debt by Credit Risk Category: The Role of Credit Score Transitions (2019)

This note analyzes the individual credit records from the FRBNY Consumer Credit Panel/Equifax (CCP) to better understand the extent to which the migration of borrowers between risk categories has contributed to recent evolutions in debt balances by category, focusing on changes during the past few years.
Expression of the cell surface mucin gene family in adenocarcinomas. (2004)

Cell surface mucins are complex glycoproteins expressed on the apical membrane surface of mucosal epithelial cells. In malignant epithelial cells they are thought to influence cell adhesion, and are clinical targets for tumor immunotherapy and serum tumor marker assays. We have compared expression of MUC1, MUC3, MUC4, MUC11, MUC12 and MUC13 mRNA in epithelial cancers and/or cell lines with non-malignant tissues. In non-malignant tissues, MUC3, 4, 11, 12 and 13 were expressed at highest levels in gastrointestinal tissues, whereas MUC1 was more widely distributed. Significant down-regulation of the MUC4, MUC12 and MUC13 genes was observed in colonic cancers compared with normal tissue, whereas MUC1 was upregulated. In rectal cancers, levels of all six mucin genes were not significantly different to those in normal rectal tissues. Both MUC1 and MUC4 were down-regulated in gastric cancers, whereas cancer and normal tissue levels were similar for MUC3, 11, 12 and 13. In esophageal cancers there was a general trend toward higher levels than in normal tissue for MUC1, 3, 12 and 13. In ovarian cancers MUC1 levels were very high, whereas only low levels of all other mucins were observed. We also report expression in renal cell carcinomas, bladder carcinomas and breast cancer cell lines. The reported expression profiles of the cell surface mucin gene family will help direct biological and clinical studies of these molecules in mucosal biology, and in malignant and inflammatory diseases of epithelial tissues.
Sulfur-Carbonyl Interaction in Rigid β-Keto Sulfides (1978)

Abstract The electron donating ability of sulfur to a positively charged center through space was examined by means of ultraviolet spectroscopy. 7-Thiabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one and -2,5-dione exhibited finely separated charge transfer band (from divalent sulfide to carbonyl) at 260 nm in UV spectra, the longest wave-length for S–Cco charge transfer band so far reported. The assignment of these CT bands was confirmed by comparison with relevant reference compounds.
Pathologic Features of Picornavirus Infections in Cats (1970)

SUMMARY Cats inoculated intranasally with an aerosol of picornavirus developed a clinically recognizable disease entity. In addition to developing mild rhinitis and conjunctivitis, 17% of the cats had palatine or glossal ulcerations (or both). Viral antigen was seen by fluorescent antibody techniques at the margins of the ulcers. The significant lesions were bronchopneumonia which occurred early in the disease and profiferation of alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium in an “adenomatoid” manner which occurred later. Viral antigen in reactive cells in the lung was demonstrated by fluorescent antibody techniques. Spleens in 20% of the cats had transverse dark bands not previously reported.
Effect of Delayed Nitrogen Fertilization on Corn Grain Yields (2014)

Delaying nitrogen (N) fertilization until mid-season may increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and can assist in determination of fertilizer N needed to achieve maximum grain yields based on the crop's yield potential. Previous research showed that corn yield potential can be accurately estimated mid-season using optical sensor measurements at V8. This study was conducted to determine if N fertilization can be delayed until mid-season without decreasing yields. Several combinations of preplant and sidedress N fertilizer applications at various growth stages were evaluated. Higher corn grain yields and NUE's were achieved with preplant N followed by mid-season sidedress at V6-V10 growth stages. Grain yields were decreased when no preplant N was applied and sidedress N was delayed until tasseling. Results suggest that preplant N followed by mid-season sidedress N application at or before V10 is recommended for corn giving a window of opportunity for N fertilization of 15 to 20 days.
Miniature Faraday current sensor based on multiple critical angle reflections in a bulk-optic ring (1991)

A novel optical element for a bulk glass current sensor that utilizes the Faraday effect is presented with a demonstrated sensitivity of 1 amp-turn and a flat frequency response in the range of 10-10(4) Hz. The new sensing element overcomes the problems associated with birefringence in optical fiber current sensors and the requirement to make bulk-optic current sensors in complex three-dimensional topologies.
Directive emission of red conjugated polymer embedded within zero index metamaterials (2014)

We numerically demonstrate an impedance-matched multilayer stacked fishnet metamaterial that has zero index with flat high transmittance from 600 nm to 620 nm. The effective refractive index(n(eff)) is calculated to be -0.045 + 0.466 i and the normalize effective impedance(Z(eff)/Z(0)) is 0.956-0.368 i at 610 nm. The light emitted by a red conjugated polymer layer embedded in such a zero index metamaterial (ZIM) is concentrated in a narrow cone in the surrounding media, where the half-power beam width (HPBW) of the center lobe of the radiation pattern is around 25° in the wavelength range between 600 nm and 620 nm, giving directive emission in the visible region. This proposed light focusing system can be applied to sensing, beam collimating and filtering functionalities.
Fxr But Not Tgr5 Activation Stimulates Hco3-Rich Bile Secretion And Ameliorates Liver Damage In Mdr2-/- (Abcb4-/-) Mouse Model Of Chronic Liver Injury (2011)

Reference EPFL-CONF-170826View record in Web of Science Record created on 2011-12-16, modified on 2017-05-12
NanoLuc: A Small Luciferase Is Brightening Up the Field of Bioluminescence (2016)

The biomedical field has greatly benefited from the discovery of bioluminescent proteins. Currently, scientists employ bioluminescent systems for numerous biomedical applications, ranging from highly sensitive cellular assays to bioluminescence-based molecular imaging. Traditionally, these systems are based on Firefly and Renilla luciferases; however, the applicability of these enzymes is limited by their size, stability, and luminescence efficiency. NanoLuc (NLuc), a novel bioluminescence platform, offers several advantages over established systems, including enhanced stability, smaller size, and >150-fold increase in luminescence. In addition, the substrate for NLuc displays enhanced stability and lower background activity, opening up new possibilities in the field of bioluminescence imaging. The NLuc system is incredibly versatile and may be utilized for a wide array of applications. The increased sensitivity, high stability, and small size of the NLuc system have the potential to drastically change the field of reporter assays in the future. However, as with all such technology, NLuc has limitations (including a nonideal emission for in vivo applications and its unique substrate) which may cause it to find restricted use in certain areas of molecular biology. As this unique technology continues to broaden, NLuc may have a significant impact in both preclinical and clinical fields, with potential roles in disease detection, molecular imaging, and therapeutic monitoring. This review will present the NLuc technology to the scientific community in a nonbiased manner, allowing the audience to adopt their own views of this novel system.
Structures and optical properties of organic/inorganic superlattices (1994)

A new class of superlattice materials consisting of alternating layers of organic and inorganic materials has been prepared from 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq) and MgF2 by vacuum deposition. The Alq layer thickness in the superlattices was varied from 10 to 50 Å. Small-angle x-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the superlattices have very uniform layered structure throughout the entire stack, and the interfacial roughness is much smaller than 10 Å. From the optical absorption and photoluminescence measurements, it is found that the exciton energy shifts to higher energy with decreasing Alq layer thickness. The changes of the exciton energy could be interpreted as the confinement effects of exciton in the Alq thin layers.
Activation of Heat Shock Factor 1 DNA Binding Precedes Stress-induced Serine Phosphorylation (1996)

Exposure of mammalian cells in culture to the anti-inflammatory drugs sodium salicylate or indomethacin results in activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) DNA binding activity. We have previously shown that the drug-induced HSF1 becomes associated with the heat shock elements of the hsp70 promoter, yet transcription of the hsp70 gene is not induced (Jurivich, D. A., Sistonen, L., Kroes, R. A., and Morimoto, R. I. (1992) Science 255, 1243-1245). In this study, we have examined the basis for uncoupling the heat shock transcriptional response. Comparison of heat shock and drug-induced forms of HSF1 has revealed that the transcriptionally inert drug-induced HSF1 is constitutively but not inducibly serine-phosphorylated, whereas heat shock-induced HSF1 is both constitutively and inducibly serine-phosphorylated. The transcriptionally inert intermediate represented by drug-induced HSF1 can be converted to the transcriptionally active state by a subsequent exposure to heat shock. The only detectable change in HSF1 is the acquisition of inducible serine phosphorylation. These data reveal that acquisition of the trimeric DNA binding state of HSF1 is independent of and precedes inducible phosphorylation and furthermore that inducible phosphorylation correlates with transcriptional activation.
LIQUID METAL FLOW MEASUREMENT (SODIUM) STATE-OF-THE-ART STUDY. (1968)

Various types of flowmeters a r e described and their advantages and disadvantages a s applied to liquid m e t a l flow m e a s u r ement a r e discussed.It i s concluded that the permanent-magnettype flowmeter m o s t closely m e e t s the requirements of the ideal flow measuring device f o r u s e in liquid metal systems.
FOLFOXIRI (folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) vs FOLFIRI (folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan) as first-line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC): a multicentre randomised phase III trial from the Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG) (2006)

To compare the efficacy and toxicity of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) (FOLFOXIRI) vs irinotecan and 5-FU/LV (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC). A total of 283 chemotherapy-naïve patients with MCC were enrolled (FOLFIRI arm: n=146; FOLFOXIRI arm: n=137). In the FOLFOXIRI arm, CPT-11 (150 mg m(-2)) was given on d1, L-OHP (65 mg m(-2)) on d2, LV (200 mg m(-2)) on days 2 and 3 and 5-FU (400 mg m(-2) as i.v. bolus and 600 mg m(-2) as 22 h i.v. continuous infusion) on days 2 and 3. In the FOLFIRI arm, CPT-11 (180 mg m(-2)) was given on d1 whereas LV and 5-FU were administered in the same way as in the FOLFOXIRI regimen. Both regimens were administered every 2 weeks. There was no difference in terms of overall survival (median OS: 19.5 and 21.5 months, for FOLFIRI and FOLFOXIRI, respectively; P=0.337), median time to disease progression (FOLFIRI: 6.9 and FOLFOXIRI: 8.4 months; P=0.17), response rates (33.6 and 43% for FOLFIRI and FOLFOXIRI, respectively; P=0.168). Patients treated with FOLFOXIRI had a significantly higher incidence of alopecia (P=0.0001), diarrhoea (P=0.0001) and neurosensory toxicity (P=0.001) compared with patients treated with FOLFIRI. The present study failed to demonstrate any superiority of the FOLFOXIRI combination compared with the FOLFIRI regimen, although the observed median OS is one of the best ever reported in the literature.
Zn/V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Aqueous Hybrid-Ion Battery with High Voltage Platform and Long Cycle Life (2017)

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries attract increasing attention due to their low cost, high safety, and potential application in stationary energy storage. However, the simultaneous realization of high cycling stability and high energy density remains a major challenge. To tackle the above-mentioned challenge, we develop a novel Zn/V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> rechargeable aqueous hybrid-ion battery system by using porous V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> as the cathode and metallic zinc as the anode. The V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 238 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 50 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. 80% of the initial discharge capacity can be retained after 2000 cycles at a high current density of 2000 mA g<sup>-1</sup>. Meanwhile, the application of a "water-in-salt" electrolyte results in the increase of discharge platform from 0.6 to 1.0 V. This work provides an effective strategy to simultaneously enhance the energy density and cycling stability of aqueous zinc ion-based batteries.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADHESIVE DEBONDING ON COMMAND (2013)

Adhesive bonding has found applications in various areas from high technology industries such as aeronautics, aerospace, electron ics, and automotive to traditional industries such as construction, sports and packagi ng. Adhesives can be used to join metals, polymers, ceramics, cork, rubber, and combi nations of any of these materials. The use of adhesive bonding rather than mechanical fasteners offers the potential for reduced weight and cost. However, one of the drawback is its “permanence” character as the joints are not easy t o disassembly. In most of the cases, structural adhesive joints cannot be disasse mbled without destroying the substrates. Nowadays, the widely used new materials (i.e. ceramics, carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP), etc.) are usually expen sive which create an increasing demand for recyclability, driven by economic as wel l as environmental reasons. Thus, the development of new technologies and proce sses for easy recycle and repair of bonded structures are becoming of great i nterest for the industry. If bonds can be broken without damage of the components, rec ycling is easier. Also for an environmental friendly disassembly of bonded struct ures, it is necessary to separate the joint between the bonded components so that the different materials can be reused on a qualitatively high level. As recycling becomes a necessary and global issue, reversible adhesives or debonding on command of the adhesive joints might become a basic requisite for disassembly and recycl ing in the future. This paper provides an overview of the recent developments in the use of debonding technologies and summarizes the different strategie s and approaches to obtain adhesive debonding on command. The use of thermally expandable particles (TEPs), additives and nanoparticles in adhesive debonding a re discussed. The use of thermally reversible Diels-Alder chemistry into epo xy resins and electrically induced debonding of adhesives are also presented.
Design Considerations for Murine Retinal Imaging Using Scattering Angle Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography (2018)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), an optical imaging approach enabling cross-sectional analysis of turbid samples, is routinely used for retinal imaging in human and animal models of diseases affecting the retina. Scattering angle resolved (SAR-)OCT has previously been demonstrated as offering additional contrast in human studies, but no SAR-OCT system has been reported in detail for imaging the retinas of mice. An optical model of a mouse eye was designed and extended for validity at wavelengths of light around 1310 nm; this model was then utilized to develop a SAR-OCT design for murine retinal imaging. A Monte Carlo technique simulates light scattering from the retina, and the simulation results are confirmed with SAR-OCT images. Various images from the SAR-OCT system are presented and utility of the system is described. SAR-OCT is demonstrated as a viable and robust imaging platform to extend utility of retinal OCT imaging by incorporating scattering data into investigative ophthalmologic analysis.