gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Termination-reinitiation occurs in the translation of mammalian cell mRNAs. (1986)

Many examples of internal translation initiation in eucaryotes have accumulated in recent years. In many cases terminators of upstream reading frames precede the internal initiation site, suggesting that translational reinitiation may be a mechanism for initiation at internal AUGs. To test this idea, a series of recombinants was constructed in the mammalian expression vector pSV2. Each contained a dicistronic transcription unit comprising the coding sequence for mouse dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) followed by the gene for xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (XGPRT) from Escherichia coli. Various versions of this pSV2dhfr-gpt recombinant plasmid altered the location at which the DHFR reading frame was terminated relative to the XGPRT initiation codon and demonstrated that this is a critical factor for the expression of XGPRT activity in transfected Cos-1 cells. Thus, when the DHFR frame terminated upstream or a very short distance downstream of the XGPRT initiator AUG, substantial levels of XGPRT activity were observed. When the DHFR frame terminated 50 nucleotides beyond the XGPRT initiator, activity was reduced about twofold. However, when the DHFR and XGPRT sequences were fused in-frame so that ribosomes which initiated at the DHFR AUG did not terminate until they encountered the XGPRT terminator, production of XGPRT activity was abolished. This dependence of internal translation initiation on the position of terminators of the upstream reading frame is consistent with the hypothesis that mammalian ribosomes are capable of translational reinitiation.
Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) Control Handbook for Facility Operators; First Edition. (1997)

Miscellaneous Paper
Muscle fiber splitting in stretch-enlarged avian muscle (1994)

This study examined the role of longitudinal fiber splitting in enlarged anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle of adult quail. Muscle hypertrophy was induced using a model of progressive stretch overload (PSO) (5). After 16 and 28 d of PSO, muscle mass in the stretched ALD muscle increased significantly (P < 0.05) 188% and 294%, respectively, when compared with the intra-animal control muscle. Muscle length increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the stretched ALD muscle vs the intra-animal control by approximately 77% for both groups. Fiber number, which was assessed using direct counts after nitric acid digestion, did not change in the 16-d group; however, the 28-d stretched ALD muscle exhibited a 30% increase (P < 0.05) in fiber number vs the intra-animal control muscle. Furthermore, the frequency of splitting (i.e., branching) fibers was less than 0.3% in all muscles examined except the 28-d stretched ALD muscle. The 28-d stretched ALD muscle had 5.25% of its muscle fibers exhibiting split profiles. These results demonstrate that PSO produces effects unlike chronic stretch overload in that longitudinal fiber splitting may contribute significantly to an increase in fiber number.
Characterizations of Iron‐Containing Clay Modified Electrodes and Their Applications for Glucose Sensing (1998)

An amperometric biosensor was constructed on the basis of ruthenium purple‐containing clay and glucose oxidase for the direct assay of glucose. These clay‐modified electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and flow injection analysis techniques. The electrodes were very sensitive to the presence of glucose. Linear calibration curves between 10 μ and 15 mM with an electrode sensitivity of 3.88 μA/M and a detection limit of 10 μM were registered in aerated solutions (pH 5.1). Uric acid, ascorbic acid, and oxygen interfere very little with the detection of glucose. Long‐term tests showed these clay electrodes were quite durable, e.g., the electrode sensitivity only decreases by ca. 25% over a period of six weeks.
Preparations and Properties of Anti-corrosion Additives of Water-soluble Metal Working Fluids for Aluminum Alloy Materials (2008)

This short review describes various types of anti-corrosion additives of water-soluble metal working fluids for aluminum alloy materials. It is concerned with synthetic additives classified according to their functional groups; silicone compounds, carboxylic acids and dibasic acids, esters, Diels-Alder adducts, various polymers, nitrogen compounds, phosphoric esters, phosphonic acids, and others. Testing methods for water-soluble metal working fluids for aluminum alloy materials are described for a practical application in a laboratory.
Superacid-Surfactant Exchange: Enabling Nondestructive Dispersion of Full-Length Carbon Nanotubes in Water (2017)

Attaining aqueous solutions of individual, long single-walled carbon nanotubes is a critical first step for harnessing the extraordinary properties of these materials. However, the widely used ultrasonication-ultracentrifugation approach and its variants inadvertently cut the nanotubes into short pieces. The process is also time-consuming and difficult to scale. Here we present an unexpectedly simple solution to this decade-old challenge by directly neutralizing a nanotube-chlorosulfonic acid solution in the presence of sodium deoxycholate. This straightforward superacid-surfactant exchange eliminates the need for both ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation altogether, allowing aqueous solutions of individual nanotubes to be prepared within minutes and preserving the full length of the nanotubes. We found that the average length of the processed nanotubes is more than 350% longer than sonicated controls, with a significant fraction approaching ∼9 μm, a length that is limited by only the raw material. The nondestructive nature is manifested by an extremely low density of defects, bright and homogeneous photoluminescence in the near-infrared, and ultrahigh electrical conductivity in transparent thin films (130 Ω/sq at 83% transmittance), which well exceeds that of indium tin oxide. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our method is fully compatible with established techniques for sorting nanotubes by their electronic structures and can also be readily applied to graphene. This surprisingly simple method thus enables nondestructive aqueous solution processing of high-quality carbon nanomaterials at large-scale and low-cost with the potential for a wide range of fundamental studies and applications, including, for example, transparent conductors, near-infrared imaging, and high-performance electronics.
Multimode fiber-optic interferometry (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Chandrasekhar Roychoudhuri, "Multimode fiber-optic interferometry," Appl. Opt. 19, 1903-1906 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
<i>In vivo</i>telomere dynamics of human hematopoietic stem cells (1997)

Aging in vivo and cell division in vitro are associated with telomere shortening. Several lines of evidence suggest that telomere length may be a good predictor of the long term replicative capacity of cells. To investigate the natural fate of chromosome telomeres of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo, we measured the telomere length of peripheral blood granulocytes from 11 fully engrafted bone marrow transplant recipients and from their respective donors. In 10 of 11 donor-recipient pairs, the telomere length was significantly reduced in the recipient and the extent of reduction correlated inversely with the number of nucleated cells infused. These data provide internally controlled in vivo evidence that, concomitantly with their proliferation, hematopoietic stem cells lose telomere length; it is possible that, as a result, their proliferative potential is reduced. These findings must be taken into account when developing new protocols in which few stem cells are used for bone marrow transplantation or for gene therapy.
A Study on the Planning System for National Land Use (1994)

THE AIM OF THIS PAPER IS TO CONSIDER PLANNING SYSTEM FOR NATIONAL LAND USE. IN THIS PAPER, THE FOLLOWINGS ARE DISCUSSED; 1) RELATION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL LAND DEVELOPMENT ACT AND THE NATIONAL LAND USE ACT. 2) CONNECTION WITH THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, PREFECTURAL GOVERNMENT AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT ON LAND USE PLAN. 3) CONNECTION WITH DEVELOPMENTS AND THE PLANNING SYSTEM. AFTER THESE CONSIDERATION, A NEW NATIONAL LAND USE PLANNING SYSTEM WOULD BE PRESENTED.
Self-tuning controller for damping of power system oscillations with FACTS devices (2006)

This paper describes an adaptive parameter tuning of a power oscillations damping (POD) controller for the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC). The adaptive control is based on pole shifting. In order to maintain good damping over a wide range of operating conditions, the parameters of the POD controller are adapted on-line, based on the measured system input and output. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller
Improved Transconductance of AlGaAs/GaAs Heterostructure FET with Si-Doped Channel (1986)

The n + self-alignment process with a furnace annealing was applied to the fabrication of heterostructure FETs. Maximum transconductance of 350 mS/mm and the K-value of 430 mA/V 2 mm were obtained for the HMT structure ( L g =0.7 µm) at room temperature. An intentionally doped channel structure was also studied. An extremely high transconductance of 440 mS/mm and an extremely high K-value of 520 mA/V 2 mm were obtained for this structure, suggesting that the performances of HEMTs mainly depend on the capacitance between the gate electrode and the confinedelectron gas.
Determination of cyanide, sulfide, iodide, and bromide by ion chromatography with electrochemical detection (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of cyanide, sulfide, iodide, and bromide by ion chromatography with electrochemical detectionRoy D. Rocklin and Edward L. JohnsonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 1, 4–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00252a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00252a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1881Altmetric-Citations171LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Virtual energy demand data: Estimating energy load and protecting consumers' privacy (2011)

To address global warming, the construction of energy-efficient houses that have low environmental impact is essential. Variations in energy load and energy efficiency can be estimated by numerical simulation using measured data on energy demand, for example, for a house newly equipped with solar panels and storage batteries. Data on energy demand is useful for estimating the variation in energy load, and this data can be acquired with a smart meter. However, high-resolution data on energy demand can expose consumers' behavior patterns through the identification of specific appliances and the times that they are used within the household. Although the introduction of smart grid technology has been applauded, its deployment has been slowed by serious security vulnerabilities that could compromise consumers' privacy. Furthermore, although cooperation among specialists from various fields is necessary for achieving environmental goals, data on energy demand is difficult to share between research institutes. We propose a method for generating data, which we call “virtual demand data”, which will allow data to be shared while protecting consumers' privacy. Appliances used in consumers' houses are identified differently in virtual energy demand data and in measured demand data. Moreover, virtual energy demand data is useful for estimating the variation of energy load and energy efficiency instead of measured demand data, because the distribution of measured demand data for a single day taken from a measurement period is statistically consistent with the distribution of virtual energy demand data.
Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World (2016)

The technology likely to have the greatest impact on the future of the world economy has arrived, and its not self-driving cars, solar energy, or artificial intelligence. Its called the blockchain. The first generation of the digital revolution brought us the Internet of information. The second generationpowered by blockchain technologyis bringing us the Internet of value: a new, distributed platform that can help us reshape the world of business and transform the old order of human affairs for the better. Blockchain is the ingeniously simple, revolutionary protocol that allows transactions to be simultaneously anonymous and secure by maintaining a tamperproof public ledger of value. Though its the technology that drives bitcoin and other digital currencies, the underlying framework has the potential to go far beyond these and record virtually everything of value to humankind, from birth and death certificates to insurance claims and even votes. Why should you care? Maybe youre a music lover who wants artists to make a living off their art. Or a consumer who wants to know where that hamburger meat really came from. Perhaps youre an immigrant whos sick of paying big fees to send money home to loved ones. Or an entrepreneur looking for a new platform to build a business. And those examples are barely the tip of the iceberg. This technology is public, encrypted, and readily available for anyone to use. Its already seeing widespread adoption in a number of areas. For example, forty-two (and counting) of the worlds biggest financial institutions, including Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, and Credit Suisse, have formed a consortium to investigate the blockchain for speedier and more secure transactions. As with major paradigm shifts that preceded it, the blockchain will create winners and losers. And while opportunities abound, the risks of disruption and dislocation must not be ignored. Don Tapscott, the bestselling author of Wikinomics, and his son, blockchain expert Alex Tapscott, bring us a brilliantly researched, highly readable, and utterly foundational book about the future of the modern economy. Blockchain Revolution is the business leaders playbook for the next decade and beyond.
In Vivo Single-Cell Detection of Metabolic Oscillations in Stem Cells (2014)

Through the use of bulk measurements in metabolic organs, the circadian clock was shown to play roles in organismal energy homeostasis. However, the relationship between metabolic and circadian oscillations has not been studied in&nbsp;vivo at a single-cell level. Also, it is unknown whether the circadian clock controls metabolism in stem cells. We used a sensitive, noninvasive method to detect metabolic oscillations and circadian phase within epidermal stem cells in live mice at the single-cell level. We observe a higher NADH/NAD+ ratio, reflecting an increased glycolysis/oxidative phosphorylation ratio during the night compared to the day. Furthermore, we demonstrate that single-cell metabolic heterogeneity within the basal cell layer correlates with the circadian clock and that diurnal fluctuations in NADH/NAD+ ratio are Bmal1 dependent. Our data show that, in proliferating stem cells, the circadian clock coordinates activities of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis with DNA synthesis, perhaps as a protective mechanism against genotoxicity.
Strong effect of dopant concentration gradient on etching rate (1998)

Dopant concentration sensitive etching of silicon in HF:HNO3:CH3COOH solution was studied using epitaxially grown silicon samples. The study has shown the unstable character of the process, significant time and structure size dependencies of the etching rate, as well as the dependence of the rate on the dopant concentration gradient. The data may be rationalized on the basis of the electrochemical and autocatalytic nature of the reaction. The influence of the dopant gradient and overall device geometry on the etching rate may cause significant inaccuracy of the dopant distribution measurements.
Multichannel Techniques for Motion Artifacts Removal from Electrocardiographic Signals (2006)

Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals are affected by several kinds of artifacts, that may hide vital signs of interest. Motion artifacts, due to the motion of the electrodes in relation to patient skin, are particularly frequent in bioelectrical signals acquired by wearable systems. In this paper we propose different approaches in order to get rid of motion confounds. The first approach we follow starts from measuring electrode motion provided by an accelerometer placed on the electrode and use this measurement in an adaptive filtering system to remove the noise present in the ECG. The second approach is based on independent component analysis methods applied to multichannel ECG recordings; we propose to use both instantaneous model and a frequency domain implementation of the convolutive model that accounts for different paths of the source signals to the electrodes.
Development and Characterization of a Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Novel Subtilisin-Like Proprotein Processing Enzyme Furin (1992)

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against the recently discovered subtilisin-like proprotein processing enzyme furin. As immunogen, a bacterially expressed hybrid protein was used which consisted of glutathione S-transferase fused to almost the entire human furin protein. Ten monoclonal antibodies were obtained and these could be divided into four categories on the basis of their reactivity towards a number of bacterially expressed hybrid proteins, each of which contained a different portion of human furin. Four of the monoclonal antibodies did not recognize mouse furin. All monoclonal antibodies were tested for their applicability in Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. Western blot analysis was performed with COS-1 cells in which biologically active forms of human and mouse furin were expressed transiently under control of the SV40 late promoter. This approach was necessary, since physiological levels of fur gene encoded proteins appeared to be very low. In cells transfected with human or mouse fur cDNA, a protein of about 100 kDa and a doublet of about 90 kDa could be detected with most of the monoclonal antibodies. Some of these antibodies appeared to be also reactive in immunofluorescence analysis of transfected COS-1 cells.
Southern African Wildlife Management Association Conference on the Sustainable Use of Wildlife : 9-11 April 1996 : : conference report (1996)

The potentials, concerns and conflicts relating to wildlife resource use were thoroughly addressed at a conference titled 'Sustainable Use of Wildlife' organised by the Southern African Wildlife Management Association (WMA) and hosted by the Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, from 9-11 April 1996. The aim of the conference was to integrate cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional wisdom and opinions into a three day working session on key issues related to the sustainability, potentials and marketing of wildlife use in Africa.
Comparison of the alpha-adrenoceptor characteristics in human and canine prostate. (1986)

Alpha adrenoceptors, mediating contraction, have been shown to be present in strips of hypertrophic prostate surgically removed from patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), providing a rational explanation for the demonstrated effectiveness of alpha antagonists in the symptomatic treatment of this disease. Inasmuch as the dog develops spontaneous and hormonally induced prostatic enlargement, studies were performed to compare the adrenoceptor characteristics of canine and human prostate to determine whether the dog represents a useful model to search for more effective alpha-adrenolytic therapy for human BPH. Norepinephrine produces contraction in isolated strips of canine prostate although it is only one-tenth as potent as previously reported in human tissue. In contrast, several selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists are potent contractile agents in canine prostate, but are nearly inactive in the human tissue. This difference may be a consequence of their partial agonist character. The potency of selective alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists in blocking the norepinephrine-induced contractile response in both canine and human tissue is consistent with an action of norepinephrine on the alpha 1 adrenoceptor. The receptor dissociation constants for these antagonists are similar in prostatic tissue from dogs and humans, and the values in canine tissue correlate well with those obtained in the rabbit ear artery, a standard model for vascular alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Hence the dog may represent a useful model for studies of the potential responsiveness of human prostate to adrenergic agents.
Variable stiffness material based on rigid low-melting-point-alloy microstructures embedded in soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) (2013)

Materials with controllable stiffness are of great interest to many fields, including medicine and robotics. In this paper we develop a new type of variable stiffness material based on the combination of a rigid low-melting-point-alloy (LMPA) microstructure embedded in soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). This material can transition between rigid and soft states by controlling the phase of the LMPA through efficient, direct Joule-heating of the LMPA microstructure. The devices tested demonstrate a relative stiffness change of >25× (elastic modulus is 40 MPa when LMPA is solid and 1.5 MPa when LMPA is liquid) and a fast transition from rigid to soft states (<1 s) at low power (<500 mW). Additionally, the material possesses inherent state (soft and rigid) and strain sensing (GF = 0.8) based on resistance changes.