gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 76-77 GHz pulsed-Doppler radar module for autonomous cruise control applications (2002)

A single-substrate radar transceiver module suitable for 76-77 GHz pulsed-Doppler applications has been developed. The packaged transceiver, including three waveguide ports and IF output, measures 20/spl times/22/spl times/8 mm. The circuit is realized using discrete GaAs-AlGaAs PHEMTs, GaAs Schottky diodes and varactor diodes, as well as GaAs PIN and PHEMT MMICs mounted on a low-cost 127 /spl mu/m thick glass substrate.
Energy loss of charged particles moving in cylindrical tubules (2002)

The interactions of charged particles with cylindrical tubules are studied within the framework of the dielectric theory. Elementary excitations on a tubule are modeled by an infinitesimally thin layer of free-electron gas, uniformly distributed over the surface of the tubule. The dielectric function of such a system, obtained from the random-phase approximation, exhibits a dimensional crossover from two-dimensional to one-dimensional electron gas, when the radius of the tubule decreases. Energy loss of a charged particle, moving paraxially in a tubule, can be divided into a single-particle excitation part and a resonant excitation part. It is shown that the resonant excitation modes on a tubule, which dominate the energy loss in the high-velocity regime, are quite different from those in a cylindrical cavity in a solid, described by a bulk dielectric function of the surrounding three-dimensional electron gas.
Hedging with mismatched currencies (1999)

This article presents a model of a risk-averse multinational firm facing risk exposure to a foreign currency cash flow. Forward markets do not exist between the firm's own currency and the foreign currency, but do exist for a third currency. Because a triangular parity condition holds among these three currencies, the available forward markets, albeit incomplete, provide a useful avenue for the firm to indirectly hedge against its foreign exchange rate risk exposure. This article offers analytical insights into the optimal cross-hedging strategies of the firm. In particular, the results show that separate unbiasedness of the forward markets does not necessarily imply a perfect full hedge that eliminates the entire foreign exchange rate risk exposure of the firm. The optimal cross-hedging strategies depend largely on the firm's marginal utility function and on the correlation of the random spot exchange rates. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 19:859–875, 1999
Varying Sugars and Sugar Concentrations Influence In Vitro Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Cassia alata L. (2017)

This study investigates the effects of varying sugars and sugar concentrations on the in vitro germination and tube growth of pollens of Cassia alata  L., a known Philippine ornamental and medicinal plant. This aims to add information on the pollination fertilization mechanism of the plant
Improvements to Inter System Handover in the EPC Environment (2011)

The Evolved Packet Core (EPC), defined by 3GPP, provides the possibility of integrating 3GPP as well as non-3GPP access network technologies. This opens up new options for mobility through the use of inter system handover over several access network technologies. This paper provides an overview of the introduced component Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) from the 3GPP as well as the Media Independent Handover (MIH) Service standard 802.21 from IEEE which aim to facilitate handovers, in particular the inter system handover. The paper provides an insight into how the two handover optimisation mechanisms can work together and complement one another. Furthermore a solution that combines MIH and ANDSF is proposed for improving the inter system handover behaviour.
HER‐2/NEU gene amplification in breast imprint cytology analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization: Direct comparison with companion tissue sections (2000)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a validated method for detection of HER-2/neu gene amplification and was recently approved by the FDA for diagnostic use in paraffin-embedded tissue. Its use in cytologic specimens, however, has not been investigated. To see whether HER-2/neu gene amplification is detectable in cytologic specimens, we examined touch imprints and corresponding tissue sections of 27 breast carcinomas (20 invasive and 7 in situ) and 3 atypical epithelial hyperplastic lesions, using the FISH technique with the HER-2/neu DNA probe kit (Vysis, Inc., Downers Grove, IL). HER-2/neu gene amplification was determined, using the ratio of HER-2/neu:CEP 17 signal counts; a ratio of 2.0 or greater was considered amplified. Successful hybridization occurred in 55/60 (92%) slides. In all cases, at least one of the paired slides was adequate for evaluation. Whole-cell imprint and tissue section slides yielded comparable HER-2/neu:CEP 17 signal counts and ratios, including one case of low-level HER-2/neu gene copy numbers where the ratio was 2.0. Our findings indicate that whole-cell imprint cytology preparations are a reliable medium for HER-2/neu gene quantification by FISH, and may substitute for or complement tissue section analysis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2000;23:299–302. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of comparative protein structure modeling by MODELLER‐3 (1997)

We evaluate homology-derived 3D models of dihydrofolate reductase (DFR1), phosphotransferase enzyme IIA domain (PTE2A3), and mouse/human UBC9 protein (UBC924) which were submitted to the second Meeting on the Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP). The DFR1 and PTE2A3 models, based on alignments without large errors, were slightly closer to their corresponding X-ray structures than the closest template structures. By contrast, the UBC924 model was slightly worse than the best template due to a misalignment of the N-terminal helix. Although the current models appear to be more accurate than the models submitted to the CASP meeting in 1994, the four major types of errors in side chain packing, position, and conformation of aligned segments, position and conformation of inserted segments, and in alignment still occur to almost the same degree. The modest improvement probably originates from the careful manual selection of the templates and editing of the alignment, as well as from the iterative realignment and model building guided by various model evaluation techniques. This iterative approach to comparative modeling is likely to overcome at least some initial alignment errors, as demonstrated by the correct final alignment of the C terminus of DFR1. Proteins, Suppl. 1:50–58, 1997. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Multi-sensor fusion for human daily activity recognition in robot-assisted living (2009)

In this paper, we propose a human activity recognition method by fusing the data from two wearable inertial sensors attached to one foot and the waist of a human subject, respectively. Our multi-sensor fusion based method combines neural networks and hidden Markov models (HMMs), and can reduce the computation load. We conducted experiments using a prototype wearable sensor system and the obtained results prove the effectiveness and the accuracy of our algorithm.
Some Obstacles to a Scientific Sociology (1940)

It has become fashionable in recent years to bemoan the manner in which the social sciences lag behind the physical sciences. Few, however, of those who deplore the slowness of scientific advance in man's knowledge of himself, have any concrete suggestions to make towards increasing the speed of that advance, nor are they clear as to whether the lag is necessary and inevitable, or accidental and removable. The common opinion appears to be that the causes of the lag are entirely, or at least mainly, historical, residing in the fact that while the physical sciences started earlier and have by now advanced further, the social sciences began later, and are still, therefore, lagging behind. This explanation is at least implied in the frequent urging by editors and politicians that the social sciences should hurry to catch up with the physical sciences, or alternatively, that the physical sciences should slow down and wait for the social sciences to overtake them. Viewing the matter thus, as a simple foot-race between physical science and social science, with the latter handicapped only by a slow start, is not altogether desirable, since it appears to ignore certain difficulties involved in a scientific approach to human behaviour, which, while not entirely absent in physicial science, are nevertheless easier to cope with when dealing with non-human material than when dealing with human subject-matter. It is with these difficulties that the present paper will be concerned. The nature of these obstacles will perhaps be made a little clearer if we begin with a preliminary consideration of what a scientific sociology entails. There is no mystery about this. The programme for the new science was set forth clearly and in detail by the man who invented the word sociology, Auguste Comte.
The J-TAC (Stephenville, Tex.), Vol. 75, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 26, 1974 (1974)

Alumni edition of the Tarleton State University student newspaper providing information on events at the school and news about university students, staff, and alumni.
Serum levels of trace metals in children with atopic eczema (1990)

The hypothesis that atopic eczema is associated with a non‐specific decrease in the serum concentration of trace metals was examined by measurement of the levels of zinc, copper and iron in 134 children with atopic eczema and 112 controls. The results failed to confirm the hypothesis. There was no significant difference between patients and controls for the concentrations of serum zinc, iron, iron‐binding capacity and albumin. Patients with eczema had a significantly higher copper concentration (median 21.0 μmol/l) than controls (median 17.0 μmol/l), and a significantly lower concentration of ferritin (median 11.9 ng/ml for patients and 16.5 ng/ml for controls). There was a highly significant correlation between the surface area of skin affected by eczema and the concentrations of albumin and orosomucoid.
Enhanced Optical Conductivity of Bilayer Graphene Nanoribbons in the Terahertz Regime (2009)

We reveal that there exists a class of graphene structures (a subclass of bilayer graphene nanoribbons) which has an exceptionally strong optical response in the terahertz (THz) and far infrared (FIR) regime. The peak conductance of THz/FIR active bilayer ribbons is around 2 orders of magnitude higher than the universal conductance of sigma(0) = e(2)/4variant Planck's over 2pi observed in graphene sheets. The criterion for the THz/FIR active subclass is a bilayer graphene nanoribbon with a one-dimensional massless Dirac fermion energy dispersion near the Gamma point. Our results overcome a significant obstacle that hinders the potential application of graphene in electronics and photonics.
Electrochemical Properties of Polyimides and Related Imide Compounds (1990)

Polyimides can undergo reversible electrochemical reduction/oxidation reactions. The electroactive centers have been identified as involving the aromatic‐carbonyl π‐system of the imide functional groups. The aromatic structure and substitution on the imide moiety affects the redox potentials. The reduced (radical‐anion and dianion) forms are stable and have strong absorbances in the visible spectral region. The degree of electronic transmission through the imide nitrogen for one‐ and two‐electron reductions has been investigated using a Hammett (σ) correlation. Delocalization of excess electron density in reduced imides has been studied using FTIR and UV‐Vis spectroscopy.
Adsorption of Antibiotic TA to Dental Hard Tissues (1985)

Antibiotic TA (TA) is a wide-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotic produced by Myxococcus xanthus strain TA. It was previously demonstrated that TA binds tightly to soft tissues while retaining its bactericidal activity in the bound form. The present study was undertaken to investigate TA adsorption to dental hard tissues. Slabs of dental tissues that had been cut from periodontally-involved extracted human teeth were treated with TA and then washed in saline with shaking (saline being replaced every 15 minutes). After 30, 60, and 120 minutes of washing, 45, 39, and 27% of the input TA activities were retained on the slabs, respectively. The tooth-bound TA was released slowly into the aqueous medium in active form. Similar experiments with beta-lactam antibiotics resulted in no significant adhesion to the slabs. The study demonstrates that TA binds tightly to dental tissues while retaining its bactericidal properties.
Platelet activation as a marker for in vivo prothrombotic activity: detection by flow cytometry. (2005)

Circulating platelets play a pivotal role in hemostasis. The platelet hemostatic function involves the direct interaction with damaged vessel walls, and circulating coagulation factors, primarily thrombin resulting in platelet activation, aggregation and formation of hemostatic plug. Flow cytometry is a useful technique for the study of platelet activation in circulating blood. Platelet activation markers for ex vivo analysis may include a) activation-dependent epitopes of the membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa (CD41a) receptor, as demonstrated by the binding of activation-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) PAC1, anti-LIBS1 and anti-RIBS); b) the expression of P-selectin (CD62p), the alpha-granule GP translocated to the platelet surface following release reaction; and c) platelet procoagulant activity, as demonstrated by the binding of i) annexin V protein to the prothrombinase-complex (prothrombin, activated factor X (Xa) and V (Va)) binding sites on the surface of activated platelets, and of ii) MoAbs against activated coagulation factors V and X bound to the surface of activated platelets. Using this method, platelet activation as a marker for in vivo prothrombotic activity can be demonstrated in various clinical conditions including coronary angioplasty, orthostatic challenge in primary depression, sickle cell disease in clinical remission and during pain episode, and in pregnancy-related hypertension with marked increase during preeclampsia. The finding of platelet procoagulant activity is corroborated by increased levels of plasma markers for thrombin generation and fibrinolytic activity.
Ultraviolet photoenhanced wet etching of GaN in K2S2O8 solution (2001)

The mechanism of the UV photoenhanced wet etching of GaN is determined. The UV photoenhanced wet etching does not require an electrical contact to be made to the sample, and nitrides deposited on insulating substrates (such as sapphire) can be etched, unlike photoelectrochemical (PEC) wet etching. The present technique relies on adding an appropriate oxidizing agent, in this case, peroxydisulfate (S2O82−), to KOH solutions. In a similar mechanism to PEC wet etching, the regions of low defect density are preferentially etched, leaving regions of high electron recombination such as threading dislocations relatively intact. The threading dislocations may be physically broken off, either by stirring or by a postetch sonication of the sample in KOH solution. Smoothly etched surfaces can be obtained under the proper conditions. A noble metal mask acts in a catalytic manner, yielding etch rates approximately one order of magnitude greater than those observed using inert masks. The essential role of the free radicals, originating from the peroxydisulfate ion, in the etching reaction is confirmed. The etching reaction is more rapid for more heavily n-type doped samples, and insulating C-doped layers act as an etch stop layer.
Fabrication and Characterization of Metal- Insulator -Metal Diode and Gray scale Lithography (2013)

The objective of this thesis is to successfully design, fabricate, and characterize an optimum metal-insulator-metal diode that can be used as a fast switching diode in various applications such as solar energy conversion. The improvements of this type of diode will result in rectification of a wider spectrum of AC signals to usable electricity. In this project, several proposed designs of MIM diodes were successfully fabricated and characterized. Pt-Al2O3-Al metal-insulator-metal diode was fabricated to have high asymmetry in I-V curve. Additionally, in an attempt to study the effect of material properties on MIM diode’s performance, four different combinations of MIIIIM diode were compared and discussed. Many processes were involved in the fabrication of these diodes such as E-beam evaporation, photolithography, reactive ion etching RIE, and Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technique. The fabricated tunneling diodes are intended to operate in the GHz regime and can also operate at higher frequencies (THz) by changing and scaling the dimensions.\n In addition to MIM diode work, this project attempted to engineer the contrast curve of polystyrene as a negative resist used for E-beam lithography using multi layer resist stack. If the resist stack has a very high contrast and its sensitivity differs between the various layers, it can be ideal for the fabrication of multi-level zone-plate/Fresnel lens.
Red cell adhesion in human diseases (2014)

RBC adhesiveness might be involved in complications such as the vaso-occlusive crisis in SCD, thrombosis in polycythemia vera, splenic sequestration in hereditary spherocytosis, occlusions in central retinal vein occlusion and bone infarcts in Gaucher disease. Characterization of this pathological process at the cellular and molecular levels should prove useful to develop new therapeutic approaches based on the blockade of RBC abnormal interactions with vascular endothelium and/or circulating blood cells.
A CONCEPT OF AN ELECTRET POWER GENERATOR INTEGRATED WITH A RECTIFIER (2009)

We propose, and experimentally support, a concept of a monolithic electret power generator integrated with a rectifier. The entire device is fabricated by exploiting MEMS-specific processes such as DRIE to provide electrical device isolation for the rectifier. Firstly, we summarize the advantages of integrating a rectifier to a micro-power generator. Secondly, we present a relatively simple micro-fabrication process to integrate a rectifier to a mechanical microstructure. Thirdly, we report on fabrication results as well as problems encountered. We end with some speculations as to how the process might be improved.
Bounded-Error Preclassification Trees (1995)

We discuss an automatic method for constructing high-performance preclassification trees. The role of preclassifiers is to prune the number of classes to a fraction of the total (by contrast, classifiers pick exactly one class). Decision trees make fast preclassifiers; if they also prune strongly, they can increase speed of the overall system significantly when used with classifiers whose runtime increases with the number of classes. It is an irrecoverable error if the true class is pruned: unfortunately, such errors accumulate rapidly in decision trees. We attack this problem through massive simulation of precisely defined classification problems using a pseudo-random generator of labeled samples. We first build a tree using greedy entropy minimization, using as many training samples (e.g. 1.1M) as computing resources permit. This tree is then &quot;populated&quot; with many more samples (e.g. 180M), driving the error rate down to an acceptable level. We present statistically rigorous stopping ...
Does prior knowledge facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems? (1999)

: One factor that affects the rate of knowledge base construction is the availability and reuse of prior knowledge in ontologies and domain-specific knowledge bases. This paper reports an empirical study of reuse performed in the first year of the High Performance Knowledge Bases (HPKB) initiative. The study shows that some kinds of prior knowledge help more than others, and that several factors affect how much use is made of the knowledge. Tracking number A261 Content areas: knowledge-representation, design-and-evaluation-of-ontologies Statement of sole submission: &quot;The author(s) certifies that this paper has not been accepted by and is not currently under review for another AI or AI subarea conference, nor will it be submitted for such during the AAAI-99 review period. The author also certifies that any version of this paper submitted to another non-AI conference or journal contains significant material not included in the AAAI submission, or vice versa.&quot; Does Prior Knowledge Faci...
A Comparative Study of 6T and 4T SRAM Cells in Double-Gate CMOS with Statistical Variation (2007)

This paper presents a comparative study of sub-32 nm CMOS 6T and 4T SRAM cells in fully depleted (FD) double-gate (DG) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology with planar independent self-aligned gates. Both independent- and connected-gate operation is analyzed by modulating the drain current with both front and back gate voltages. An improved 4T driver-less (DL) SRAM cell is proposed which takes advantage of the back gate to improve stability in read and retention mode by applying feedback between access transistor and storage node. The results of statistical characterization of read-, retention- and write margins, power and access time are presented for all cells in the presence of process variability.
Validation of on-wafer vector network analyzer systems (2006)

The case study described in this paper applies a known vector network analyzer comparison technique to an on-wafer measurement environment. The purpose is to investigate and expand upon this technique's applicability for use in validating an on-wafer VNA system of unknown accuracy by comparing it to an on-wafer VNA system of trusted accuracy. The technique involves taking calibrated S-Parameter measurements with each system over a set of validation devices and calculating the measurement differences between the two systems. These differences are then compared to the estimated repeatability uncertainty bounds of the two VNAs in order to validate or invalidate the unknown system's capabilities. Results and limitations of this procedure are discussed.