gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tor and Cyclic AMP-Protein Kinase A: Two Parallel Pathways Regulating Expression of Genes Required for Cell Growth (2005)

In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Tor and cyclic AMP-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) signaling cascades respond to nutrients and regulate coordinately the expression of genes required for cell growth, including ribosomal protein (RP) and stress-responsive (STRE) genes. The inhibition of Tor signaling by rapamycin results in repression of the RP genes and induction of the STRE genes. Mutations that hyperactivate PKA signaling confer resistance to rapamycin and suppress the repression of RP genes imposed by rapamycin. By contrast, partial inactivation of PKA confers rapamycin hypersensitivity but only modestly affects RP gene expression. Complete inactivation of PKA impairs RP gene expression and concomitantly enhances STRE gene expression; remarkably, this altered transcriptional pattern is still sensitive to rapamycin and thus subject to Tor control. These findings illustrate how the Tor and cAMP-PKA signaling pathways respond to nutrient signals to govern gene expression required for cell growth via two parallel routes, and they have broad implication for our understanding of analogous regulatory networks in normal and neoplastic mammalian cells.
Electronic Structure of the Cubic Compounds ReGa<sub>3</sub>(Re = Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) (2011)

The electronic structure of ErGa 3 and its isostructural compounds with Tm, Yb, and Lu are investigated with a highly accurate band structure scheme in LDA and GGA and warped muffin-tin approximation. In contrast to other investigations, the 4f electrons of the constituent Re are also treated as part of the valence bands. The position of the corresponding 4f bands relative to the Fermi energy strongly depends on the nuclear charge of Re. In Lu, they lie almost by 0.5 Ryd below and are extremely narrow. In Er, both in LDA and GGA, the 4f bands are found to be very close to the Fermi level . Assuming most of the 4f electrons to be part of the core removes the disagreement almost completely but produces a Fermi surface with a topology markedly different from that proposed in previous investigations. The intersections of the Fermi surface with planes are strongly varying within the Brillouin zone, they do not well match with the sparse experimental results. Investigations using the scheme as well as investigations of the dielectric response function are sketched.
Left ventricular assist device support reverses altered cardiac expression and function of natriuretic peptides and receptors in end-stage heart failure (2004)

In CHF patients, increased local clearance by NPR-C receptors and diminished responsiveness of cardiac GC-A might impair the local antihypertrophic effects of natriuretic peptides and contribute to the progression of cardiac hypertrophy and insufficiency. Reverse remodeling during LVAD support reverses these changes and can thereby recuperate the local protective effects of ANP and BNP.
A concept for a submillimeter-wave single-photon counter (1999)

We discuss the design for a submillimeter-wave photometer, using a combination of superconducting and single-electron devices, which would have high quantum efficiency, very low noise-equivalent powers, and eventually even submicrosecond timing resolution. The absorption of above-gap photons occurs in a small strip of superconducting Al, whose normal-state resistance can be matched efficiently to an antenna of a higher gap (Nb) superconductor. The quasiparticles produced by photon absorption are then confined via Andreev reflection, and forced to tunnel through a small SIS tunnel junction. The tunneling time is much shorter than the known (>10 /spl mu/s) quasiparticle recombination time, so collection efficiency will be high. The device sensitivity would be limited by the small subgap current in the high-quality Al/AlO/sub x//Al tunnel junction at temperatures (100 mK) well below T/sub c/. Scaling based on the larger junctions used in X-ray detector applications suggests that the total dark current can be <0.1 pA, or of order 10/sup 5/ electrons/second, corresponding to an NEP of less than 10/sup -19/ W//spl radic/Hz at 500 microns (600 GHz). The photocurrent will be measured using a fast single-electron transistor (RF-SET), which allows a shot-noise-limited performance even for the very small currents delivered from this low capacitance and high impedance SIS junction. Results of initial fabrication and dc characterization of an integrated photodetector are also given.
P58 Evidence of dendritic cell dysfunction in cirrhosis and its restoration by Toll-like receptor 4 antagonism (2010)

Introduction Infection complicates the course of cirrhosis and is the main cause of admission of patients to hospital. Recent studies have shown evidence of immune paralysis during severe decompensation. Our studies have suggested that neutrophil dysfunction in alcoholic hepatitis patients may be associated with a defect of TLR4 signalling, which is a key pathogen response receptor. Aim The aims of this study were to characterise cellular immune function in a bile-duct ligated (BDL) model of cirrhosis and evaluate the role of TLR4 by using a selective antagonist, STM 28. (STM28 was kindly gifted by Professor Ken-ichi Tanamoto, Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan). Method 18 C57BL/6 mice were studied: Sham operated, BDL (2 weeks after ligation) and BDL treated with TLR4 antagonist STM-28 (20 ug IP, 5 days). Peripheral blood was stained with fluorochrome-labellel antibodies specific for peripheral blood myeloid cells, dendritic cells (DC's, plasmocytoid and myeloid, expression of CD86 in myeloid); monocytes (residents and inflammatory); total granulocytes and neutrophils; CD4/CD8 T-cells and the expression of CD25 in CD4 T cell population; B cells and NK cells. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on a FACS Canto II. Biochemistry was measured spectrophotometrically. Results A significant shift towards the myeloid subset of peripheral blood DCs was observed in BDL animals compared with sham (81% vs 54%, p=0.0002) accompanied by a significant decrease in the percentages of plasmocytoid DCs (2% vs 25%, p<0.0001), and an increased expression of CD86 in myeloid DC's (72% vs 55% p=0.05). There was an increase of TLR4 expression on monocytes and neutrophils (p=0.05). The percentage of CD3 T cell and CD8 T cell subpopulations were significantly lower only in BDL group (3% vs 14%, p=0.02; 1% vs 6%, p=0.02 respectively). No significant difference in NK cells was observed. TLR4 antagonist in BDL animals showed restoration towards plasmocytoid subset DCs, with a significant reduction in the percentage of myeloid DCs (67% vs 81%, p=0.003) but there was no significant difference in percentage of total myeloid cells, total granulocytes, neutrophils and monocyte populations. Liver function remained unaffected by the TLR4 antagonist. Conclusion In cirrhosis, myeloid subtype DCs are expanded and there is relative depletion of plasmacytoid DC's and lymphophenia. Treatment with a TLR4 antagonist redresses a shift of dendritic cells from the myeloid back to plasmacytoid type. As the DC's play a pivotal role in antigen presentation, TLR4 antagonism may play an important therapeutic role in decreasing susceptibility of cirrhotic patients to infection.
Robotics With Computer Vision (1986)

Pattern recognition and image processing techniques have been developed and applied to automated visual measurement and inspection. These techniques are used to detect objects and to determine their locations, sizes and shapes. The system uses an Apple IIe microcomputer to process data transmitted from a video processing unit and sends commands to robot manipulator to perform the required tasks.
Pyrrolo[2,3-<i>a</i>]carbazoles as Potential Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) Inhibitors. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Binding Mode through Docking Simulations (2008)

Pyrrolo[2,3- a]carbazole derivatives were synthesized, and their effects on CDK1/cyclinB activity were evaluated. The most potent and efficacious inhibitor was found to be ethyl 9-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-alpha]carbazole-2-carboxylate (1e), exhibiting an IC50 in the low micromolar range and leading to 90% at higher concentrations. Using a computational model for CDK1-1e, binding we have observed that 1e exhibited two likely binding modes in the ATP-binding cleft that involve interactions with Lys130, Thr14, and Asp146 of the enzyme.
A Practical Method for Routine Blood Cultures in Brucellosis (1947)

SummaryA double medium for blood cultivation in brucellosis is described. The method saves time and material by avoiding transfers and affords increased safety against accidental infection to the personnel.
Optical Stabilization of a Microwave Oscillator for Fountain Clock Interrogation (2017)

We describe an optical frequency stabilization scheme of a microwave oscillator that is used for the interrogation of primary cesium fountain clocks. Because of its superior phase noise properties, this scheme, which is based on an ultrastable laser and a femtosecond laser frequency comb, overcomes the frequency instability limitations of fountain clocks given by the previously utilized quartz-oscillator-based frequency synthesis. The presented scheme combines the transfer of the short-term frequency instability of an optical cavity and the long-term frequency instability of a hydrogen maser to the microwave oscillator and is designed to provide continuous long-term operation for extended measurement periods of several weeks. The utilization of the twofold stabilization scheme on the one hand ensures the referencing of the fountain frequency to the hydrogen maser frequency and on the other hand results in a phase noise level of the fountain interrogation signal, which enables fountain frequency instabilities at the 2.5 ×10<sup>-14</sup> (τ/s)<sup>-1/2</sup> level that are quantum projection noise limited.
Clinical Efficacy of Taxane–Trastuzumab Combination Regimens for HER-2–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2008)

The taxanes docetaxel (Taxotere; Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC, Bridgewater, NJ) and paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) are highly active agents in metastatic breast cancer and may represent a safer alternative to anthracycline-based regimens when combined with the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2-targeted agent trastuzumab (Herceptin(R); Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA). A number of preclinical and early clinical studies have evaluated the feasibility, duration, and appropriate dosing schedule(s) for taxane-trastuzumab combinations in HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Preclinical studies of the taxanes in combination with trastuzumab demonstrate synergistic interactions of trastuzumab with docetaxel and additive interactions with paclitaxel. Even though not supported by head-to-head studies, clinical trial results indicate the response rates with docetaxel-trastuzumab combinations may be higher than those with paclitaxel-trastuzumab, although there is a lack of clear crosstrial differences in other clinical benefits. Weekly taxane-trastuzumab regimens have been shown to offer superior disease control. Results from two large, phase III trials that examined the addition of carboplatin to a taxane-trastuzumab doublet did not demonstrate a difference in survival with carboplatin. In one study, the addition of carboplatin to paclitaxel-trastuzumab therapy resulted in a higher response rate and longer progression-free survival time; in the second study, the docetaxel-trastuzumab and docetaxel-trastuzumab-carboplatin combinations were equally effective. Ongoing correlative studies of taxanes, as well as newer formulations such as nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel, in combination with trastuzumab will inform clinical practice regarding the optimal agent, schedule, and use of these highly effective regimens.
In vitro proteolytic cleavage of the Escherichia coli Ada protein by the ompT gene product (1989)

Down regulation of the adaptive response to alkylation damage in Escherichia coli has been proposed to occur by proteolytic cleavage of the regulatory Ada protein. In this paper, it is shown that proteolysis of the Ada protein as observed in cell extracts is caused by the ompT gene product. This protease, however, was not involved in switching off the adaptive response in vivo.
Amine based solvent for CO2 absorption : from molecular structure to process (2011)

Global warming is a well known, worldwide concern, most probably caused by increasing concentrations of CO 2 and other greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere, due to human activities. Especially the production of electricity is a major contributor, responsible for 41% of the world CO 2 emissions in 2008. Worldwide, the power sector relies heavily on coal, the most carbon-intensive of fossil fuels, and hence amplifying its share in global emissions. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) offers the opportunity to reduce the CO 2 emissions associated with the use of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide capture with a regenerable solvent is considered to be a mature technology, since it is successfully applied as CO 2 removal technology in industrial applications. In order to make this technology more economical for post-combustion capture, especially in the power-sector, more research is required to identify solvents which require less energy and lead to lower solvent loss-and corrosion rates in this application. In this thesis, the development of improved, energy efficient amine based solvents is targeted, through experimental (screening) work and by a further understanding of the role of molecular structure on the solvent absorption properties for amine based solvents in a CO 2 absorption process.
Materializing a binary hyperlens design (2009)

We present a design of cylindrical hyperlens made of a layered binary material. The design approach uses an improved effective medium theory to take account of radius-dependent effects due to curvature of material interfaces resulting in nonperiodically distributed thicknesses of the lens layers. The performance of this lens is compared versus the designs with periodically thick layers, which we showed in earlier papers. Detailed quantitative results analyzed for the lenses with the same number and starting order of layers prove better functioning of the lens designed with this approach.
High-performance side-polished fibers and applications as liquid crystal clad fiber polarizers (1997)

A plurality of single-mode fibers glued in the curved, V-shaped grooves of a silicon wafer were polished. Using a homemade polisher, we successfully gained access to fiber cores. The insertion losses of the polished samples were negligibly small even for fibers with a curvature radius of 250 cm long and a proximity to the core smaller than 0.1 /spl mu/m. Experimental calibrations of the samples agreed well with theoretical results. We made liquid crystal clad fiber polarizers by using these side-polished fibers and successfully showed the extinction ratios of the polarizers in good agreement with their liquid-drop results. The extinction ratios of our polarizers were predicated higher than 60 dB. Details of measuring system and processing were considered.
Automatic generation and management of interprocedural program analyses (1993)

We have designed and implemented an interprocedural program analyzer generator, called system Z. Our goal is to automate the generation and management of semantics-based interprocedural program analysis for a wide range of target languages.
Oscillations of Min-proteins in micropatterned environments: a three-dimensional particle-based stochastic simulation approach (2013)

The Min-proteins from E. coli and other bacteria are the best characterized pattern forming system in cells and their spatiotemporal oscillations have been successfully reconstituted in vitro. Different mathematical and computational models have been used to better understand these oscillations. Here we use particle-based stochastic simulations to study Min-oscillations in patterned environments. We simulate a rectangular box of length 10 μm and width 5 μm that is filled with grid or checkerboard patterns of different patch sizes and distances. For this geometry, we find different stable oscillation patterns, typically pole-to-pole oscillations along the minor axis and striped oscillations along the major axis. The Min-oscillations can switch from one pattern to the other, either effected by changes in pattern geometry or stochastically. By automatic analysis of large-scale computer simulations, we show quantitatively how the perturbing effect of increased patch distance can be rescued by increased patch size. We also show that striped oscillations occur robustly in arbitrarily shaped filamentous E. coli cells. Our results highlight the robustness and variability of Min-oscillations, put limits on the effect of putative division sites, and provide a powerful computational framework for future studies of protein self-organization in patterned environments.
An Experimental 224 Mb/s Digital Repeatered Line (1966)

An experimental digital repeatered line has been developed which transmits information at a rate of 224 Mb/s as part of an experimental highspeed digital transmission system. The PCM terminals and time division multiplex portions were described by J. S. Mayo and others in the November 1965 issue of the Bell System Technical Journal. The repeatered line is described in this paper. The performance of this line is shown to be suitable for coast-to-coast operation. The line utilizes 0.270-inch copper coaxial transmission lines and regenerative repeaters at one-mile intervals. Ten repeaters have been operated in tandem to form ten miles of repeatered line. Each repeater uses 25 transistors, most of them a new germanium design with a cutoff frequency, f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</inf> , of 4 GHz. Esaki diodes provide the decision thresholds for the regeneration. Power to the repeaters is supplied by dc over the center coaxial conductor. The pulse transmission code is paired selected ternary (PST).
Hybridizing ZnO Nanowires with Micropyramid Silicon Wafers as Superhydrophobic High‐Efficiency Solar Cells (2011)

A novel hierarchical structure integrating ZnO-nanowire arrays on Si micropyramids is reported as an effective antireflection layer for improving the solar-cell conversion efficiency. This structure displays a broadband reflection suppression with an average weighted reflectance of 3.2%. Solar cells based on the hierarchal structure show a high conversion efficiency of 16.0%, as well as a superior self-cleaning property.
Application of Pyrolysis and Gas Chromatography to Geochemical Characterization of Kerogen in Sedimentary Rock (1970)

Pyrolysis and gas chromatography are combined in a new technique which characterizes the kerogen in a sedimentary rock. This technique makes it possible to determine with very small quantities (50-100 mg) of rock material, such as drill cuttings, the origin of the matter and its degree of evolution. The technique was tested on a clay-bearing formation from North Africa which was very well defined both geologically and palynologically. The tests gave the following results: (1) low-temperature pyrolysis (250°C) of continental deposits yields degradation products which are rich in aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylene, cumene, etc.), whereas products rich in paraffinic hydrocarbons are derived from marine deposits; (2) the relative concentrations of light hydrocar ons in some samples indicate whether gas or oil has originated from a particular source rock; and (3) the evolution of the kerogen (which results in an increase in the C/H ratio) can be estimated from the nature of the degradation products and more especially from the degree of degradation of the kerogen at high temperatures. The results seem to be consistent with those obtained from parallel studies of the carbonization of spores and organic microfossils and the crystallization of clays.
Neighboring Carbon and Hydrogen. VII. Reactivity of Some Alicyclic and Bicyclic Derivatives<sup>1,2,3</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeighboring Carbon and Hydrogen. VII. Reactivity of Some Alicyclic and Bicyclic Derivatives1,2,3S. Winstein, Betsy K. Morse, E. Grunwald, H. W. Jones, J. Corse, D. Trifan, and H. MarshallCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 5, 1127–1132Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01125a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01125a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Observations on outbreaks of respiratory disease in housed calves--(1) Epidemiological, clinical and microbiological findings (1978)

In 47 of 50 outbreaks of respiratory disease in indoor calves which had never been to grass there was clinical evidence of pneumonia in all animals examined. Calf housing was in most cases considered unsatisfactory. Virus activity was detected in 70 per cent of outbreaks investigated within a few days post onset of respiratory signs. Parainfluenza (PI) 3 and respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) were the viruses most frequently involved. In the majority of outbreaks Mycoplasma species and Pasteurella multocida were present in the upper respiratory tract of affected calves.