gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of Wild Type and Mutated Human Ferritin H-chain in HeLa Cells (2000)

Transfectant HeLa cells were generated that expressed human ferritin H-chain wild type and an H-chain mutant with inactivated ferroxidase activity under the control of the tetracycline-responsive promoter (Tet-off). The clones accumulated exogenous ferritins up to levels 14-16-fold over background, half of which were as H-chain homopolymers. This had no evident effect in the mutant ferritin clone, whereas it induced an iron-deficient phenotype in the H-ferritin wild type clone, manifested by approximately 5-fold increase of IRPs activity, approximately 2.5-fold increase of transferrin receptor, approximately 1.8-fold increase in iron-transferrin iron uptake, and approximately 50% reduction of labile iron pool. Overexpression of the H-ferritin, but not of the mutant ferritin, strongly reduced cell growth and increased resistance to H(2)O(2) toxicity, effects that were reverted by prolonged incubation in iron-supplemented medium. The results show that in HeLa cells H-ferritin regulates the metabolic iron pool with a mechanism dependent on the functionality of the ferroxidase centers, and this affects, in opposite directions, cellular growth and resistance to oxidative damage. This, and the finding that also in vivo H-chain homopolymers are much less efficient than the H/L heteropolymers in taking up iron, indicate that functional activity of H-ferritin in HeLa cells is that predicted from the in vitro data.
AC loss in superconducting composites: Continuous and discrete models for round and rectangular cross sections, and comparisons to experiments (2004)

In this work, AC loss in superconducting composites was described using both an anisotropic continuum model and a discrete model.The efforts were concentrated in three main areas.First, the eddy current coupling loss of composites with rectangular cross section was calculated using an anisotropic continuum description based on a block model with different effective resistivities in each block.In this case, a numerical approach was used.This treatment, like the more typical lumped component network model, was able to describe many factors influencing the eddy current loss in the rectangular composites, such as twist pitch, aspect ratio, and core resistivity.However, the influence of core thickness and the presence of an outer sheath were also described with this model.Certain simplifying assumptions were used here to minimize computation time, while allowing the essential information to be extracted.In the second area, the eddy current loss of round composites were calculated from a discrete (network) point of view, and analytic expressions were developed which allow comparison to analytic expressions which were derived from effective medium theory.We need to measure only the contact resistance between the strands.The eddy current coupling loss of seven-strand MgB 2 cables were then calculated by this model.With this model, it was possible to use a measured contact resistance between the strands to both predict the loss and compare to effective medium based resistivities.The results vi
Direct Diagnosis by DNA Analysis of the Fragile X Syndrome of Mental Retardation (1991)

Direct diagnosis by DNA analysis is now an efficient and reliable primary test for the diagnosis of the fragile X syndrome after birth, as well as for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling.
CD73 expression and fyn-dependent signaling on murine lymphocytes (1998)

CD73 is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein with both ecto-enzyme activity (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) and signal transducing capabilities for human T lymphocytes. We now report an analysis of the distribution and function of CD73 in murine lymphoid tissues made possible by the development of the first monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for murine CD73. Subsets of T and B lymphocytes are CD73+ and the level of expression increases with lymphocyte maturation in both species. Among B cells, CD73 is largely restricted to cells which have undergone isotype switching. The signal transmitting function of CD73 is also conserved, as splenic T cells treated with anti-CD73 mAb plus phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate proliferate and secrete IL-2. Fyn-/- mice are unresponsive to CD73 ligation, however, demonstrating the requirement for this tyrosine kinase in CD73-mediated signal transduction. CD73 is down-regulated after mAb plus cross-linking, suggesting that expression may be controlled by interaction with a ligand. Only small numbers of thymocytes are CD73+, so CD73 receptor functions are unlikely to be important for developing T cells. However, immunohistochemical analysis reveals that reticular and vascular cells throughout the thymus and other lymphoid tissues are markedly CD73+. Therefore, CD73 might mediate lymphocyte-stromal cell interactions or condition the local microenvironment to facilitate lymphocyte development and/or function.
Application-Level Traffic Monitoring and an Analysis on IP Networks (2005)

Traditional traffic identification methods based on well-known port numbers are not appropriate for the identification of new types of Internet applications. This paper proposes a new method to identify current Internet traffic, which is a preliminary but essential step toward traffic characterization. We categorized most current network-based applications into several classes according to their traffic patterns. Then, using this categorization, we developed a flow grouping method that determines the application name of traffic flows. We have incorporated our method into NG-MON, a traffic analysis system, to analyze Internet traffic between our enterprise network and the Internet, and characterized all the traffic according to their application types.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Can Improve Cost-Effective Management of Hypertension (1993)

Detection and treatment of arterial hypertension is effective, as shown by clinical trials and downward trends in cardiovascular disease. This process causes expenditures that progressively have increased because of inclusion of more patients with minimally elevated pressure who incur a higher cost of treatment. Average daily pressure is a more accurate predictor of outcome and morbidity than initial screening or occasional clinic monitoring of pressure. Noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), as a secondary screening, reveals that 20% to 60% of those initially labeled as hypertensive have average daily pressures low enough to delay the initiation of drug therapy. These observations permit the development of forecasting models comparing strategies for management of hypertension. Preliminary estimates show that use of ABPM might reduce the number of patients requiring drug treatment over a 6 year period, with reduced cumulative and yearly costs for this interval. Forecasting models using ABPM now should be tested in comprehensive health care systems to determine their effect on overall cost-effectiveness in the management of hypertension.
A Nonparametric Bayesian Multipitch Analyzer Based on Infinite Latent Harmonic Allocation (2011)

The statistical multipitch analyzer described in this paper estimates multiple fundamental frequencies (F0s) in polyphonic music audio signals produced by pitched instruments. It is based on hierarchic4al nonparametric Bayesian models that can deal with uncertainty of unknown random variables such as model complexities (e.g., the number of F0s and the number of harmonic partials), model parameters (e.g., the values of F0s and the relative weights of harmonic partials), and hyperparameters (i.e., prior knowledge on complexities and parameters). Using these models, we propose a statistical method called infinite latent harmonic allocation (iLHA). To avoid model-complexity control, we allow the observed spectra to contain an unbounded number of sound sources (F0s), each of which is allowed to contain an unbounded number of harmonic partials. More specifically, to model a set of time-sliced spectra, we formulated nested infinite Gaussian mixture models based on hierarchical and generalized Dirichlet processes. To avoid manual tuning of influential hyperparameters, we put noninformative hyperprior distributions on them in a hierarchical manner. For efficient Bayesian inference, we used a modern technique called collapsed variational Bayes. In comparative experiments using audio recordings of piano and guitar solo performances, iLHA yielded promising results and we found that there would be room for improvement based on modeling of temporal continuity and spectral smoothness.
Terminal Olefin (1-Alkene) Biosynthesis by a Novel P450 Fatty Acid Decarboxylase from <i>Jeotgalicoccus</i> Species (2011)

Terminal olefins (1-alkenes) are natural products that have important industrial applications as both fuels and chemicals. However, their biosynthesis has been largely unexplored. We describe a group of bacteria, Jeotgalicoccus spp., which synthesize terminal olefins, in particular 18-methyl-1-nonadecene and 17-methyl-1-nonadecene. These olefins are derived from intermediates of fatty acid biosynthesis, and the key enzyme in Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 is a terminal olefin-forming fatty acid decarboxylase. This enzyme, Jeotgalicoccus sp. OleT (OleT(JE)), was identified by purification from cell lysates, and its encoding gene was identified from a draft genome sequence of Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 using reverse genetics. Heterologous expression of the identified gene conferred olefin biosynthesis to Escherichia coli. OleT(JE) is a P450 from the cyp152 family, which includes bacterial fatty acid hydroxylases. Some cyp152 P450 enzymes have the ability to decarboxylate and to hydroxylate fatty acids (in α- and/or β-position), suggesting a common reaction intermediate in their catalytic mechanism and specific structural determinants that favor one reaction over the other. The discovery of these terminal olefin-forming P450 enzymes represents a third biosynthetic pathway (in addition to alkane and long-chain olefin biosynthesis) to convert fatty acid intermediates into hydrocarbons. Olefin-forming fatty acid decarboxylation is a novel reaction that can now be added to the catalytic repertoire of the versatile cytochrome P450 enzyme family.
Increased serum levels of interferon-<i>γ</i>-inducible protein 10 and monokine induced by gamma interferon in patients with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (2003)

We measured serum interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG) levels to investigate the role of these molecules in the pathophysiology of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Serum IP-10 and MIG levels were significantly increased in patients with active HLH compared with those of healthy controls. Serum MIG levels decreased gradually during the course of disease in a patient who recovered without therapy. On the other hand, rapid reduction of MIG and IP-10 levels was observed after chemotherapy in a patient with severe HLH. IP-10 and MIG mRNA expression was enhanced in liver and spleen, and IP-10 mRNA expression was enhanced in bone marrow in the patients, suggesting activated macrophages that infiltrated in these organs as one of the main producers of these cytokines. Serum IP-10 and MIG levels showed a significant correlation with serum IFN-gamma levels. In addition, these chemokines had a significant correlation with fever and serum LDH levels, which are clinical indicators of disease activity of HLH. These results suggest that IP-10 and MIG which are produced by activated macrophages by the stimulation of IFN-gamma, play an important role in the pathophysiology of HLH, by recruitment of activated Th1 cells into the tissues or organs.
Overview of Gene Targeting by Homologous Recombination (2006)

Formerly UNIT 9.15, this unit has been moved to the opening spot of our new chapter on Embryonic Stem Cell technology. The unit has also been updated, and now includes information about the Cre-lox and FlP/FRT recombinase systems.
Correlation of pneumonia and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in elderly patients with fragility hip fractures (2016)

Objective
To investigate the correlation of incident pneumonia and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D〔25(OH)D〕 levels in elderly patients with fragility hip fractures.


Methods
132 patients with fragility hip fractures were divided into the pneumonia group 〔n=43, 14 males and 29 females, aged 63-97 years, a mean age of (83.8±7.1) years〕 and the non-pneumonia group 〔n=89, 28 males and 61 females, aged 60-93 years, a mean age of (77.1±8.1) years〕. Fasting venous blood samples were taken on the second day after admission. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.


Results
Vitamin D deficiency was found in 90.7% of the patients in the pneumonia group, 52.8% in the non-pneumonia group (χ2=24.953, P<0.05). The age and smoking rate were higher in the pneumonia group than in the non-pneumonia group (t=4.661, P<0.05; χ2=4.459, P=0.035). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D levels, age and smoking were independent impact factors for pneumonia. When serum 25(OH)D levels were less than or equal to 20 g/L, the incidence of pneumonia was increased and the risk of pneumonia was 8.66 times higher than that for patients with normal 25(OH)D levels.


Conclusions
The risk of pneumonia in patients with brittle hip fractures is correlated with age, smoking and the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, with the latter as a major risk factor. Patients with brittle hip fractures should be supplemented with vitamin D as early as possible in order to reduce the risk of incident of pneumonia.


Key words: 
Vitamin D; Pneumonia; Hip fracture
Lyophilized bovine hemoglobin as a possible reference material for the determination of hemoglobin derivatives in human blood (1998)

We investigated the suitability of a lyophilized bovine hemoglobin (LBH) preparation containing various fractions of oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), and methemoglobin (MetHb) for quality assessment in multicomponent analysis (MCA) of hemoglobin derivatives. It was demonstrated that a stable preparation of these components after reconstitution yields a hemoglobin solution that is spectrophotometrically equivalent with a fresh bovine hemoglobin solution. The preparation was found to be stable for at least 1 year when it is kept at 2-8 degrees C and for 1 h after reconstitution. We determined the fractions of O2Hb, COHb, and MetHb of several LBH preparations, using the complete spectra of 480-650 nm with 2-nm intervals and absorptivities as determined for pure LBH solutions. A field trial involving various types of multiwavelength hemoglobin photometers showed the suitability of LBH as a quality-control material. Computer models of the various common multiwavelength hemoglobin photometers may be useful for establishing more accurate target values of LBH preparations for each type of photometer and for studying the importance of the influence of specific factors such as wavelength selection, absorptivity values, and interfering dyes.
Electric field and electron orbits near a triple point (2007)

Triple point, defined as the junction of metal, dielectric, and vacuum, is the location where electron emission is favored in the presence of a sufficiently strong electric field. In addition to being an electron source, the triple point is generally regarded as the location where flashover is initiated in high voltage insulation, and as the vulnerable spot from which rf breakdown is triggered. In this paper, we focus on the electric field distribution at a triple point of a general geometry, as well as the electron orbits in its immediate vicinity. We calculate the orbit of the first generation electrons, the seed electrons. It is found that, despite the mathematically divergent electric field at the triple point, significant electron yield most likely results from secondary electron emission when the seed electrons strike the dielectric. The analysis gives the voltage scale in which this electron multiplication may occur. It also provides an explanation on why certain dielectric angles are more favorable to electron generation over others, as observed in previous experiments.
Le rôle de la laparoscopie dans le diagnostic, la stadification et la surveillance de la cirrhose biliaire primitive (1990)

Les données de l’aspect laparoscopique du foie ont été evaluees chez 42 patientes atteintes de cirrhose biliaire primitive diagnostiquée sur base de données cliniques, biologiques, immunologiques et histopathologiques. La laparoscopic,par elle-même, ne permet pas un diagnostic certain de CBP, les modifications macroscopiques du foie n’étant pas spécifiques de la maladie. Seule la combinaison laparoscopie-biopsie hépatique, confrontée aux données cliniques, permet un diagnostic et une stadifica-tion précis, et en outre la possibilité de prévoir le mode évolutif de la CBP.
WISPAC: a parallel array computer for large-scale system simulation (1977)

This paper discusses the multiple-instruction stream/ multiple-data stream (MIMD) Wisconsin parallel array computer (WISPAC). The design of the computer makes use of current, low-cost microprocessor technology and is intended to meet future needs in large-scale simulation. A modular approach is taken where smaller configurations are meant as direct competi tive replacements of current hybrid systems. Larger configurations will allow high-speed solution of large-scale simulation problems using a one-to-one correspondence of each microprocessor to each node of the system being modeled. A three-dimensional configuration is used to allow a high degree of iso morphism between the computer setup and the model to be investigated. These schemes simplify programming requirements and overall machine conceptualization. New techniques of high-speed internode communication utilizing a serial "pass-through" scheme are des cribed. The scheme allows general cross-array com munication that is competitive with cross-point methods. Initial work on a minimal parallel config uration is also described.
Highly efficient and safe genome editing by CRISPR-Cas12a using CRISPR RNA with a ribosyl-2′-O-methylated uridinylate-rich 3′-overhang in mouse zygotes (2020)

The CRISPR-Cas12a system has been developed to harness highly specific genome editing in eukaryotic cells. Given the relatively small sizes of Cas12a genes, the system has been suggested to be most applicable to gene therapy using AAV vector delivery. Previously, we reported that a U-rich crRNA enabled highly efficient genome editing by the CRISPR-Cas12a system in eukaryotic cells. In this study, we introduced methoxyl modifications at C2 in riboses in the U-rich 3'-overhang of crRNA. When mixed with Cas12a effector proteins, the ribosyl-2'-O-methylated (2-OM) U-rich crRNA enabled improvement of dsDNA digestibility. Moreover, the chemically modified U-rich crRNA achieved very safe and highly specific genome editing in murine zygotes. The engineered CRISPR-Cas12a system is expected to facilitate the generation of various animal models. Moreover, the engineered crRNA was evaluated to further improve a CRISPR genome editing toolset.
The helix-loop-helix extramacrochaetae protein is required for proper specification of many cell types in the <i>Drosophila</i> embryo (1994)

The Drosophila Extramacrochaetae protein antagonizes the proneural function of the Achaete and Scute proteins in the generation of the adult fly sensory organs. Extra-macrochaetae sequesters these basic-region-helix-loop-helix transcription factors as heterodimers inefficient for binding to DNA. We show that, during embryonic development, the extramacrochaetae gene is expressed in complex patterns that comprise derivatives of the three embryonic layers. Expression of extramacrochaetae often precedes and accompanies morphogenetic movements. It also occurs at regions of specialized cell-cell contact and/or cell recognition, like the epidermal part of the muscle attachment sites and the differentiating CNS. The insufficiency of extramacrochaetae affects most tissues where it is expressed. The defects suggest faulty specification of different cell types and result in impairment of processes as diverse as cell proliferation and commitment, cell adhesion and cell recognition. If Extramacrochaetae participates in cell specification by dimerizing with basic-region-helix-loop-helix proteins, the variety of defects and tissues affected by the insufficiency of extramacrochaetae suggests that helix-loop-helix proteins are involved in many embryonic developmental processes.
Role of the immune response during neuro-attenuated herpes simplex virus-mediated tumor destruction in a murine intracranial melanoma model. (2000)

Neuro-attenuated herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) gamma34.5 mutants can slow progression of preformed tumors and lead to complete regression of some tumors. However, the role of the immune response in this process is poorly understood. Syngenic DBA/2 tumor-bearing mice treated with HSV-1 1716 fourteen days after tumor implantation had significant prolongation in survival when compared with mice treated with viral growth sera (mock; 38.9 +/- 2.3 versus 24.9 +/- 0.6, respectively; P < 0.0001). Additionally, 60% of the animals treated on day 7 had complete regression of the tumors. However, no difference was observed in the mean survival rates of viral- or mock-treated tumor-bearing SCID mice (15 +/- 1.7 versus 14.8 +/- 2.2, respectively). When DBA/2 mice syngenic for the tumor were depleted of leukocytes by cyclophosphamide administration (before and during viral administration), there was again no significant difference observed in the survival times (19.0 +/- 1.9 versus 19.5 +/- 2.7, respectively). These data demonstrate that the immune response contributes to the viral-mediated tumor destruction and the increase in survival. Immune cell infiltration was up-regulated, specifically CD4+ T cells and macrophages (which are found early after viral administration). Prior immunity to HSV-1 increased survival times of treated mice over those of naive mice, an important consideration because 50-95% of the adult human population is sero-positive for HSV-1. Our results imply that the timing of viral administration and the immune status of the animals will be an important consideration in determining the effectiveness of viral therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyanothioacetamide and Its Derivatives in Heterocyclic Synthesis: A New Route for the Synthesis of Several Pyridine and Thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Enabling Smart Personalized Healthcare: A Hybrid Mobile-Cloud Approach for ECG Telemonitoring (2013)

The severe challenges of the skyrocketing healthcare expenditure and the fast aging population highlight the needs for innovative solutions supporting more accurate, affordable, flexible, and personalized medical diagnosis and treatment. Recent advances of mobile technologies have made mobile devices a promising tool to manage patients' own health status through services like telemedicine. However, the inherent limitations of mobile devices make them less effective in computation- or data-intensive tasks such as medical monitoring. In this study, we propose a new hybrid mobile-cloud computational solution to enable more effective personalized medical monitoring. To demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed approach, we present a case study of mobile-cloud based electrocardiograph monitoring and analysis and develop a mobile-cloud prototype. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can significantly enhance the conventional mobile-based medical monitoring in terms of diagnostic accuracy, execution efficiency, and energy efficiency, and holds the potential in addressing future large-scale data analysis in personalized healthcare.