gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Formation of Azomethine Dyes from 4-Arylazo-5-pyrazolones (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Formation of Azomethine Dyes from 4-Arylazo-5-pyrazolonesPaul W. Vittum, George W. Sawdey, Rebecca A. Herdle, and Mary K. SchollCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 4, 1533–1536Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01160a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01160a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Microscopic and Thermodynamic Properties of the HFA134a−Water Interface:  Atomistic Computer Simulations and Tensiometry under Pressure (2006)

A combined computational and experimental approach is used to determine the interfacial thermodynamic and structural properties of the liquid 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFA134a)-vapor and liquid HFA134a-water (HFA134a|W) interfaces at 298 K and saturation pressure. Molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations reveal a stable interface between HFA134a and water. The "10-90" interfacial thickness is comparable with those typically reported for organic-water systems. The interfacial tension of the HFA134a|W interface obtained from the pressure tensor analysis of the MD trajectory is in good agreement with the experimental value determined using in situ high-pressure tensiometry. These results indicate that the potential models utilized are capable of describing the intermolecular interactions between these two fluids. The tension of the HFA134a|W interface is significantly lower than those typically observed for conventional oil-water interfaces and similar to that of the compressed CO(2)-water interface, observed at moderate CO(2) pressures. The MD and tensiometric results are also compared and contrasted with the HFA134a|W and chlorofluorocarbon-water tension values estimated from a parametric relationship. This represents the first report of the interfacial and microscopic properties of the (propellant) hydrofluoroalkanes (HFA)|W interface. The results presented here are of relevance in the design of surfactants capable of forming and stabilizing water-in-HFA microemulsions. Reverse aqueous microemulsions in HFA-based pressurized metered-dose inhalers are candidate formulations for the systemic delivery of biomolecules to and through the lungs.
Refractive Index and dispersion of distilled water for visible radiation, at temperatures 0 to 60 degrees C (1938)

All known requisites for precision and accuracy within 1 X 10-a in refractive index were employed in these determinations made by the minimum-deviation method using specially designed hollow prisms and platinum resistance thermometers. The data were adjusted by least squares and are represented by a general formula having 13 constants, the average of the 133 residuals being 1.2 X 10-a. A general double-entry table of refractive indices (6,776 listings) with temperature and wave length as arguments has been computed to yield sixthdecimal data by linear interpolation. The maximum refractivity of water is found to be near 0 C, but the exact temperature thereof is a function of wave length, with a total variation of approximately 0.5 C for th e visible spectral range. Other more specific tables of indices are given, and evidences of slight systematic errors are discussed . The attained precision is approximately as expected, but there is marked disagreement with some of Flatow's indices, which have been widely used and are the basis for the data on water as given in the International Critical Tables. The authors' opinions concerning the accuracy of their results are qualitatively confirmed by the medial relation of their data to all of those previously published, and quantitatively, within the t emperature r ange o to 16 C, there is remarkably elose agreement with the interferometrically determined indices of water, as reported by Mlle. O. Jasse.
Characterization of a zinc blotting technique: evidence that a retroviral gag protein binds zinc. (1988)

We have characterized a simple method that uses 65ZnCl2 to detect zinc-binding proteins that have been immobilized on nitrocellulose. Conditions have been identified that permit the detection of as little as 1 microgram of some zinc-binding proteins. The specificity of the binding is indicated by the ability of other divalent metal ions to compete with 65Zn(II) in this assay. We have used this technique to provide evidence that the nucleic acid-binding gag protein of retroviruses also binds zinc. This technique can be applied to biological mixtures of proteins and may be used in proteolytic mapping studies to identify protein fragments that have zinc-binding activity.
A Repressor Protein, PhaR, Regulates Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Synthesis via Its Direct Interaction with PHA (2002)

Phasins (PhaP) are predominantly polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) granule-associated proteins that positively affect PHA synthesis. Recently, we reported that the phaR gene, which is located downstream of phaP in Paracoccus denitrificans, codes for a negative regulator involved in PhaP expression. In this study, DNase I footprinting revealed that PhaR specifically binds to two regions located upstream of phaP and phaR, suggesting that PhaR plays a role in the regulation of phaP expression as well as autoregulation. Many TGC-rich sequences were found in upstream elements recognized by PhaR. PhaR in the crude lysate of recombinant Escherichia coli was able to rebind specifically to poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] [P(3HB)] granules. Furthermore, artificial P(3HB) granules and 3HB oligomers caused the dissociation of PhaR from PhaR-DNA complexes, but native PHA granules, which were covered with PhaP or other nonspecific proteins, did not cause the dissociation. These results suggest that PhaR is able to sense both the onset of PHA synthesis and the enlargement of the granules through direct binding to PHA. However, free PhaR is probably unable to sense the mature PHA granules which are already covered sufficiently with PhaP and/or other proteins. An in vitro expression experiment revealed that phaP expression was repressed by the addition of PhaR and was derepressed by the addition of P(3HB). Based on these findings, we present here a possible model accounting for the PhaR-mediated mechanism of PHA synthesis. Widespread distribution of PhaR homologs in short-chain-length PHA-producing bacteria suggests a common and important role of PhaR-mediated regulation of PHA synthesis.
Antiprogestins inhibit growth and stimulate differentiation in the normal mammary gland (1995)

Antiprogestins possess a potent antitumor activity in hormone-dependent experimental breast cancer models. Though the underlying mechanism is not clear, induction of functional differentiation seems to be a major event. This study attempts to test directly for antiproliferative and differentiation promoting activities of antiprogestins on the normal mammary gland. To this end, whole organ cultures of mammary glands from estradiol/progesterone-primed virgin mice maintained in a serum-free medium with aldosteron, prolactin, insulin, and hydrocortisone were exposed to the antiprogestin ZK114043. A 4-day treatment of organ cultures led to a strong inhibition of epithelial DNA synthesis. In parallel, ZK114043 caused alveolar cells to acquire a more differentiated phenotype distinguished by secretory active alveoli composed of single cell layers with increased fat droplet accumulation and enhanced expression of the milk proteins beta-casein and whey acidic protein (WAP). Particularly strong effects were found on the expression of mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI). Both half-maximal inhibition of epithelial DNA synthesis and stimulation of MDGI mRNA expression were found at about 5 ng/ml of ZK114043. Presence in the medium of 5 micrograms/ml hydrocortisone rendered antiglucocorticoid effects of ZK114043 highly unlikely. Furthermore, prevention of action of ZK114043 by the progesterone agonist R5020 and ZK114043 stimulated expression of beta-casein and MDGI mRNA in cultured glands of 10-week-old unprimed virgin mice suggest a progesterone receptor-mediated mechanism of antiprogestin action. Two other antiprogestins, Mifepristone and Onapristone, likewise stimulated MDGI expression. The data provide direct evidence that antiprogestins act like a differentiation factor in the normal mammary gland.
Studies on the orientation of brush-border membrane vesicles (1978)

Orientation of rat renal and intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles was studied with two independent methods: electron-microscopic freeze-fracture technique and immunological methods. With the freeze-fracture technique a distinct asymmetric distribution of particles on the two membrane fracture faces was demonstrated; this was used as a criterion for orientation of the isolated membrane vesicles. For the immunological approach the accessibility or inaccessibility of aminopeptidase M localized on the outer surface of the cell membrane to antibodies was used. With both methods we showed that the brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from rat kidney cortex and from rat small intestine for transport studies are predominantly orientated right-side out.
Heme oxygenase-1 expression in disease states. (2005)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in heme degradation resulting in the formation of iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. The biological effects exerted by the products of this enzymatic reaction have gained much attention. The anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective functions associated with HO-1 are attributable to one or more of its degradation products. Induction of HO-1 occurs as an adaptive and beneficial response to several injurious stimuli including heme and this inducible nature of HO-1 signifies its importance in several pathophysiological disease states. The beneficial role of HO-1 has been implicated in several clinically relevant disease states involving multiple organ systems as well as significant biological processes such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammation/immune dysfunction and transplantation. HO-1 has thus emerged as a key target molecule with therapeutic implications.
Study the factors affecting the performance of organic–inorganic hybrid coatings (2014)

ABSTRACT In this article, a series of hybrid organic–inorganic coatings based on silica‐epoxy composite resins were prepared with the sol‐gel method by using γ‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane as a coupling agent. Especially, the research emphasized on the factors that influenced on the properties of the prepared hybrid coatings. Firstly, epoxy resin was reacted with γ‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane at a specific feeding molar ratio; subsequently, the asprepared sol–gel precursor was cohydrolyzed with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) at various contents to afford chemical bondings to form silica networks and give a series of organic–inorganic hybrid coatings. They were loaded and cured on steel panels and characterized for FTIR, TGA, DSC, water contact angles (WCA), pencil hardness, surface & three‐dimensional morphological studies, and potentiodynamic polarization tests. The surfaces of the hybrid coatings showed Sea‐Island or Inverting Sea‐Island morphologies at a certain relative content of two components, which made the coatings possess hydrophobic property. Due to the contribution of organic and inorganic components, the prepared hybrid coatings possess a lot of properties such as pencil hardness, thermotolerance, and corrosion resistance. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 41010.
Integrated MAP detection for V-BLAST systems without channel estimation (2009)

Generally, channel estimation is indispensable for signal detection in vertical Bell Laboratories layered space-time (V-BLAST) systems. However, channel estimation always cannot perfectly obtain the channel state information (CSI), and the inaccurate CSI may result in large performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a novel soft V-BLAST detector, called integrated maximum a posteriori (IMAP) detector. Unlike conventional detectors, the IMAP detector can avoid estimating the CSI and directly generate a posteriori probability of data symbols by efficient iterative computations. Moreover, we design a list-based fast searching algorithm to further reduce the complexity of the proposed detector in the cases of large numbers of transmit antennas or high order modulations. Computer simulation shows that the IMAP detector can approximately achieve the performance of the optimal detector using the perfect CSI.
Abstract 1884: Rosuvastatin Activates Circulating Stem and Progenitor Cells, Promotes Endogenous Tissue Regeneration, and Improves Central Hemodynamics in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (2007)

Endogenous regeneration is impaired in patients (pts) with chronic heart failure (CHF), which results in peripheral, but also central hemodynamic alterations. Statins are known to promote stem cell release and enhance phosphorylation of the survival kinase AKT, which is associated with an increased cardiomyocyte contractility. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on number and function of stem and circulating progenitor cells (CPC), their contribution to tissue neovascularization, and its impact on endothelial function and central hemodynamics in pts with CHF. Methods: Forty-two pts with CHF (EF 30±1%; n=12 ischemic, and n=30 dilative cardiomyopathy) were randomized to 12 weeks (wks) of 40 mg rosuvastatin daily or placebo therapy (P) in a double-blind manner. At begin (B) and at 12 wks, the number of circulating CD34 + stem cells and CD34/KDR + CPCs was measured, functional capacity of CPCs was assessed by migration and matrigel assay, and capillary density of skeletal muscle (SM) was quantified. Muscular phosphorylation levels of AKT were determined. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was measured by high-resolution ultrasound and ejection fraction (EF) assessed by echocardiography. Results: Rosuvastatin increased the number of CPCs by +132% (p<0.05 vs P), improved their migratory capacity by +83% and their integrative capacity by +91% (p<0.05 vs P), respectively. FMD recovered from +197±25 μm at B to +478±50 μm at 12 wks in the rosuvastatin group. The rosuvastatin-mediated increase in circulating CD34 + cells was closely correlated to the improvement in FMD (r=0.70, p<0.01) and the augmentation in capillary density of SM (r=0.76, p<0.01). Rosuvastatin enhanced muscular AKT phosphorylation 2.5fold, which was associated with a gain in EF by + 8±1% (p<0.05 vs P). All parameters remained unchanged in the placebo group. Conclusion: In pts with CHF, rosuvastatin improves left-ventricular ejection fraction, promotes skeletal muscle neovascularization, and enhances endothelial function, partially through activation of circulating stem and progenitor cells. Therefore, rosuvastatin might be considered as a therapeutic strategy to induce endogenous tissue regeneration and improve central hemodynamics in CHF.
Clustering algorithm for parallelizing software systems in multiprocessors environment (2000)

A variety of techniques and tools exist to parallelize software systems on different parallel architectures (SIMD, MIMD). With the advances in high-speed networks, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of client/server applications. A variety of client/server applications are deployed today, ranging from simple telnet sessions to complex electronic commerce transactions. Industry standard protocols, like Secure Socket Layer (SSL), Secure Electronic Transaction (SET), etc., are in use for ensuring privacy and integrity of data, as well as for authenticating the sender and the receiver during message passing. Consequently, a majority of applications using parallel processing techniques are becoming synchronization-centric, i.e., for every message transfer, the sender and receiver must synchronize. However, more effective techniques and tools are needed to automate the clustering of such synchronization-centric applications to extract parallelism. The authors present a new clustering algorithm to facilitate the parallelization of software systems in a multiprocessor environment. The new clustering algorithm achieves traditional clustering objectives (reduction in parallel execution time, communication cost, etc.). Additionally, our approach: 1) reduces the performance degradation caused by synchronizations, and 2) avoids deadlocks during clustering. The effectiveness of our approach is depicted with the help of simulation results.
Review of semiconductor microelectronic test structures with applications to infrared detector materials and processes (1993)

The impact of microelectronic test structures, as they have been applied to silicon integrated circuits (ICS) and gallium arsenide monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICS), is reviewed. General principles for the use of test structures with possible applications to infrared (IR) detector technology based on HgCdTe and other materials are emphasized. The uses of test structures for Si and GaAs, test chip design methodology and some examples of how test structures have been applied for process control and to increase yield are discussed. Specific test structures and techniques that have been applied to IR detectors are also reviewed. The basic design considerations and measurements possible with each class of test structure are discussed. The important experience of the Si and GaAs industries, applicable to IR detectors, is that significant yield improvement is possible with improved process control using test structures. Increased research efforts to expand the applications of test structures to IR detector manufacture are indicated.
Neurologic indications for therapeutic plasma exchange: An update (2011)

Neurologists commonly use therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE, also known as plasmapheresis or therapeutic apheresis) to treat a number of conditions. This concise review examines the most common neurologic indications for therapeutic plasma exchange. It focuses on Guillain-Barrè syndrome and myasthenia gravis and also the role of TPE in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Lambert-Eaton syndrome, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, paraproteinemic polyneuropathy, and Sydenham's chorea. As with any treatment, the proven efficacy, cost, side effects, and availability must be considered before initiation of therapy.
Development and electrical properties of undoped polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (1989)

The conduction mechanism and the origins of the leakage current in undoped channel polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors fabricated under a variety of processing conditions were investigated. Leakage currents below 1 nA at drain-source voltages of 40 V were achieved in both n-type and p-type devices. The effective channel electron and hole mobilities were 75 and 42 cm/sup 2//V-s, respectively. Measured stage delay times for CMOS ring oscillators as a function of supply voltage agreed well with theoretical calculations. The effective carrier mobility was shown to have a minimum at a gate voltage corresponding to the point at which all traps are filled. Both dark and photoinduced leakage currents were determined to be controlled by generation from the grain boundary traps. The voltage drop across individual gates in multigated structures was investigated as a function of gate voltage. The use of multiple gates at high drain-source potentials was found to decrease both dark and photoinduced leakage currents.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lucilia cuprina genome unlocks parasitic fly biology to underpin future interventions (2015)

Lucilia cuprina is a parasitic fly of major economic importance worldwide. Larvae of this fly invade their animal host, feed on tissues and excretions and progressively cause severe skin disease (myiasis). Here we report the sequence and annotation of the 458-megabase draft genome of Lucilia cuprina. Analyses of this genome and the 14,544 predicted protein-encoding genes provide unique insights into the fly's molecular biology, interactions with the host animal and insecticide resistance. These insights have broad implications for designing new methods for the prevention and control of myiasis.
Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry: A Guide for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis (1993)

Instrumentation. Sample Introduction. Chemical Ionization: Ion--Molecule Reactions. Negative Ion Chemical Ionization. The Ionization of Labile Materials I. The Ionization of Labile Materials II. Tandem Mass Spectrometry: The Dissociation of Ions. Quantitative Analysis. Appendices. Index.
IMPROVED STANDARDIZATION METHOD BASED ON CONCAVE-CONVEX FEATURES OF GPS ORBITS (2013)

Through analyzing and investigating the concave-convex features of dynamic GPS orbits,the improved standardization method based on Chebyshev polynomial fitting is presented.The novel method effectively improves fitting interval division,optimal order determination and weighted fitting coefficients calculation.Finally,a case is studied from precise orbits of 32 GPS satellites using existing methods and the novel method respectively and results show that the presented method is superior to the traditional methods in efficiency and accuracy.
Surgical approach to posterior skull deformity (2000)

The incidence of occipital skull flattening in infants has recently increased, partly as a result of widespread supine positioning to prevent sudden infant death syndrome. The authors discuss the causes and differential diagnosis of posterior skull deformity in this subpopulation of patients and describe their technique for surgical correction of the condition.
Real-time multi-channel monitoring of communications on a T1 span (2002)

The evolution of a successful telecommunications monitoring device is described from its inception to its installation across Canada. This product, called the service discrimination unit (SDU), is a powerful and flexible platform for digital processing of signals on a T1 span. Signal processing is provided by Motorola DSP56001 digital signal processors and control functions are provided by Motorola 68HC11 processors. The SDU's first commercial application is to apply the DSP processing power to determine if the traffic being carried on a telephone line is voice, modem data, or facsimile data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>