gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pore-throat Configuration Analysis and Fluid Identification of Acidic Volcanic Reservoir (2013)

Because of generally high resistivity of the acidic volcanic reservoir,it is not easy to use conventional neutron-density crossplot and high-low resistivity to identify reservoir fluid types.Developed is a new fluid identification method based on new well logging technology,logging response curve that is sensitive to gas and little influenced by lithology and logging and well testing data.According to the characteristics of natural gas logging responses,three-porosity combination,ratio of transverse wave and longitudinal wave,nuclear magnetic resonance and integrated parameters are used to identify fluid types,results of which show that this method can only identify gas reservoir without identifying reservoir which contain gas and water.Resistivity is sensitive to the change of reservoir fluid types,but is not so for acidic volcanic reservoir.As viewed from the microscopic pore structure of reservoir,studied are influence factors on volcanic reservoir resistivity.The complicate pore structure is one of the reasons of high resistivity of acidic volcanic reservoir.On this basis,developed is a gradually fluid type identification method based on pore structure.Fluid types of 49 wells in Xushen gas field have been identified with this method.Through gas tests of 69 layers,identification accuracy is 94.1%,increasing nearly 15%.
Characterization and Flotation of Sulfur from Chalcopyrite Concentrate Leaching Residue (2003)

Elemental sulfur produced by chloride leaching of sulfide ores or concentrates contains selenium and tellurium usually too high to be used in various industrial or agricultural uses. The sulfur in the leaching residue can be upgraded to 90% in grade by froth flotation and the sulfur concentration can be followed b y sulfur purification and selenium and tellurium removal. The sulfur in the leaching is in a form of discrete particles with a size range of 5 to 10 microns. The sulfur particles tend to agglomerate in the pulp and hence mechanically entrap gangue minerals. With sodium silicate as the dispersant as well as the depressant for siliceous material, a sulfur concentrate of 90% in grade and 90% in recovery can be obtained with a single-stage froth flotation. The flotation reagent consumptions are minimum. The majority of chalcopyrite remains in the sulfur flotation tailings and can be readily recovered by flotation with different flotation reagents. When amyl xanthate is used, 85% of chalcopyrite can be recovered with a copper grade of 14.5% in a single-stage froth flotation. The chalcopyrite flotation concentrate can be sent back to chloride leaching circuits.
Managing leakage in charge-based analog circuits with low-V/sub TH/ transistors by analog T-switch (AT-switch) and super cut-off CMOS (2005)

Analog T-switch scheme is introduced to suppress subthreshold-leakage problems in charge-based analog circuits such as switched capacitor and sample and hold circuits. A 0.5-V sigma-delta modulator is manufactured in a 0.15-/spl mu/m FD-SOI process with low V/sub TH/ of 0.1V using the concept. The scheme is compared with another leakage suppressed scheme based on super cut-off CMOS (SCCMOS) and the conventional circuit which are also fabricated. The sigma-delta modulator based on analog T-switch realizes 6-bit resolution through reducing nonlinear leakage effects while the conventional circuit and the scheme based on SCCMOS can achieve 4-bit and 5-bit resolution, respectively.
USF1 and USF2 Mediate Inhibition of Human Trophoblast Differentiation and <i>CYP19</i> Gene Expression by Mash-2 and Hypoxia (2003)

In the human placental syncytiotrophoblast, C(19) steroids are converted to estrogens by aromatase P450, product of the CYP19 gene. When human cytotrophoblasts, which lack the capacity to express aromatase, are cultured in 20% O(2), they spontaneously fuse to form a multinuclear syncytiotrophoblast and CYP19 expression is markedly induced. On the other hand, when cytotrophoblasts are cultured in 2% O(2), syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and induction of CYP19 expression are prevented. We previously observed that expression of the transcription factor Mash-2 (mammalian achaete/scute homologue 2), which is elevated in human cytotrophoblasts and maintained at elevated levels by hypoxia, declines with syncytiotrophoblast differentiation. Overexpression of Mash-2 prevents syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and induction of CYP19 expression. In the present study, we observed that unexpectedly immunoreactive Mash-2 protein was localized predominantly to the cytoplasm of human cytotrophoblasts. Elevated cytoplasmic levels of Mash-2 were maintained when trophoblasts were cultured in 2% O(2) and declined to undetectable levels upon culture in 20% O(2). Previously, we found that Mash-2 inhibited CYP19 promoter activity through sequences within a 350-bp region upstream and within placenta-specific exon I.1 containing three E boxes (E1 at -325 bp, 5'-CACTTG-3'; E2 at -58 bp, 5'-CACATG-3'; and E3 at +26 bp, 5'-CACGTG-3'). In this study, we found that trophoblast nuclear protein binding to these E boxes declined with syncytiotrophoblast differentiation in 20% O(2) and was induced by hypoxia; however, Mash-2 did not appear to bind to any of these E boxes. On the other hand, the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors upstream stimulatory factors 1 and 2 (USF1 and USF2) did bind to E2 and E3 but not E1. Nuclear levels of USF1 and USF2 and DNA-binding activity declined with syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and were maintained at elevated levels by hypoxia and overexpression of Mash-2, whereas USF1 mRNA levels were unaffected. Finally, USF1 overexpression in cultured human trophoblasts markedly inhibited endogenous CYP19 expression, differentiation of cultured human trophoblast cells, and CYP19 promoter activity. These findings suggest that increased protein levels and DNA binding of USF1 and USF2 mediate the inhibitory effects of hypoxia and of Mash-2 on CYP19 gene expression in human placenta.
Novel Contact Force Sensor Incorporated in Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter Predicts Lesion Size and Incidence of Steam Pop and Thrombus (2008)

This novel ablation catheter, which accurately measures CF, confirmed CF is a major determinant of RF lesion size. Steam pop and thrombus incidence also increases with CF. CFS in an open-irrigated ablation catheter that may optimize the selection of RF power and application time to maximize lesion formation and reduce the risk of steam pop and thrombus.
Geometric analysis of non-ionic O-H<sup>...</sup>O hydrogen bonds and non-bonding arrangements in neutron diffraction studies of carbohydrates (1992)

Analyse de la geometrie des liaisons hydrogene O-H...O reliees chimiquement dans des environnements strictement non ioniques en utilisant de donnees de diffraction de neutrons sur des carbohydrates. Etude des correlations entre les parametres des liaisons hydrogene d H...O , d O...O et α OH...O sur des traces se dispersant bien au dela de la zone des liaisons hydrogene normalement acceptee, jusqu'aux limites d H...O < 5,0A et 0< α OH...O <180°. La restriction aux arrangements non ioniques produit des traces differant considerablement de ceux obtenus sur des echantillons chimiquement heterogenes
Differential effects of various doses of morphine and naloxone on two nociceptive test thresholds in arthritic and normal rats (1990)

In an attempt to clearly gauge the influence of the test used on opioid effects, the present study systemically compares the effects of various doses of morphine and naloxone with 2 differentially integrated tests: a suprasegmentally integrated test, the vocalization threshold to paw pressure and a spinally coordinated reflex, the paw withdrawal to pressure. In both normal and arthritic rats, clear differential effects of the drugs were observed: low doses of morphine (0.3 and 1 mg/kg i.v.) produced marked effects on the vocalization test, especially in arthritic rats, while it was less effective on the paw withdrawal test. Naloxone and morphine at extremely low doses (3-10 micrograms/kg, and 6 micrograms/kg i.v. respectively) clearly produced marked effects on the vocalization test, but failed to modify the paw withdrawal threshold in arthritic rats. By contrast, a high dose of naloxone (1 mg/kg i.v.) induced a comparable decrease in thresholds in both tests. This comparative study clearly shows the interest of using the vocalization threshold to paw pressure as a nociceptive test for evaluation of the antinociceptive effect of opioids. In addition, it provides useful information for a better understanding of the complex effects of morphine and the opioid antagonist naloxone in arthritic rats.
On the performance of fast feedback and link adaptation for MIMO eigenbeamforming in cellular systems (2005)

Longterm eigenbeamforming techniques that combine beamforming gains with spatial multiplexing of data streams have proved to be a very strong candidate for link level processing. On system level, fast scheduling brings multiuser diversity which increases with the number of active users in the cell. We propose a system with user specific longterm eigenbeams to transmit spatially multiplexed data streams. For each data stream a feedback measurement regarding the link quality is performed and reported by each user for link adaptation and scheduling. Due to the scheduling the interference pattern usually changes at the moment of using the feedback measurement, leading to mismatches in the link adaptation and throughput loss compared with the ideal case. The aim of this paper is to investigate these new insights in the multiuser MIMO systems and propose advanced methods to decrease the mismatch in the feedback measurement. Simulation results are presented to evaluate the schemes taking as base the UMTS - HSDPA system extended for MIMO applications.
1973 U.S. NATIONAL ROADSIDE BREATHTESTING SURVEY (1974)

This first U.S. national roadside breathtesting survey was conducted at 185 roadside locations in 18 states. Random samples of 3,698 motorists were stopped between 10PM and 3AM on eight weekends in the fall of 1973. From these drivers 3,358 interviews and 3,192 breath tests were obtained. The basic findings on the extent of drinking and driving during these times were that 22.6% of the drivers in the national sample were at a 0.02% BAC or higher; 13.5% were at a 0.05% BAC or higher; 5.0% were at a 0.10% BAC or higher; and 1.4% were at a 0.15% BAC or higher. The report describes the sampling and operational procedures used in the survey and analyzes the BAC results in relation to a number of geographic and driver characteristics. It concludes that such a survey is a valuable means of providing useful evaluative data at a reasonable cost, and it suggests ten operational improvements for such a future survey. Extensive appendices include much detail on the survey operation and codebooks with marginals for the collected data. /HSRI/
Quantization of lsf parameters using a trellis modeling (2003)

An efficient block-based trellis quantization (BTQ) scheme is proposed for the quantization of the line spectral frequencies (LSF) in speech coding applications. The scheme is based on the modeling of the LSF intraframe dependencies with a trellis structure. The ordering property and the fact that LSF parameters are bounded within a range is explicitly incorporated in the trellis model. BTQ search and design algorithms are discussed and an efficient algorithm for the index generation (finding the index of a path in the trellis) is presented. Also the sequential vector decorrelation technique is presented to effectively exploit the intraframe correlation of LSF parameters within the trellis. Based on the proposed block-based trellis quantizer, two intraframe schemes and one interframe scheme are proposed. Comparisons to the split-VQ, the trellis coded quantization of LSF parameters, and the multi-stage VQ, as well as the interframe scheme used in IS-641 EFRC and the GSM AMR codec are provided. These results demonstrate that the proposed BTQ schemes outperform the above systems.
Analysis and design of broadband grating couplers (1993)

The authors have assessed the ability of thin-film dielectric gratings to convert an incident guided wave into outgoing beams whose widths and intensities are maintained nearly constant over a large wavelength band. For this purpose, they have improved and extended a previously developed analytical approach and used it to investigate the pertinent coupling characteristics of typical planar gratings having symmetric rectangular or blazed triangular profiles. The results reveal that, by judiciously designing the grating configuration, it is possible to achieve broadband coupling operation over a wavelength ratio of 2:1 or larger. It is also found that rectangular gratings can offer wider bandwidths, but they couple energy almost equally into the cover and the substrate beams. By contrast, blazed gratings allow somewhat narrower bandwidths, but they can transfer energy almost entirely into either one of those two beams.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Adhesive bonding of stainless steels (1967)

Abstract : The report covers the state of the art of adhesive bonding of stainless steels. Typical joint designs, surface preparation procedures, and environmental factors are described as they influence choice among the available adhesives and processing techniques. Both organic and inorganic adhesives are covered.
Magnetic delay line filtering techniques (1955)

Abstract Modern communications theory and information theory have placed considerable emphasis upon the problem of detection and extraction of signals in noise backgrounds. Some of the methods and equipment developed have possible geophysical applications. This paper presents a discussion of the delay line method of filter approximation. Magnetic recording delay line equipment which permits approximation of a wide variety of linear filtering and correlation operations is described. The fundamental theory of linear operator filtering by delay line techniques is outlined and some possible applications to processing seismic data are briefly discussed.
Discomfort glare caused by white LEDs having different spectral power distributions (2017)

This paper describes an experiment to investigate discomfort glare caused by white light-emitting diode (LED) lights having different spectral power distributions. It included two groups: a ‘Metamerism’ group and a ‘correlated colour temperatures (CCT)’ group. In the former group, it was found that white lights at 7000 K constructed from different blue LEDs and the same red and green LEDs gave about the same glare perception. In the latter group, there was a significant difference in glare perception between white lights having different CCTs. Finally, glare models, including unified glare rating (UGR) and the newly derived QUGR spd , and mUGR spd models, were tested using the data from the experiment. All of them gave quite accurate predictions of the data.
Generative Adversarial Networks with Decoder-Encoder Output Noise (2018)

In recent years, research on image generation methods has been developing fast. The auto-encoding variational Bayes method (VAEs) was proposed in 2013, which uses variational inference to learn a latent space from the image database and then generates images using the decoder. The generative adversarial networks (GANs) came out as a promising framework, which uses adversarial training to improve the generative ability of the generator. However, the generated pictures by GANs are generally blurry. The deep convolutional generative adversarial networks (DCGANs) were then proposed to leverage the quality of generated images. Since the input noise vectors are randomly sampled from a Gaussian distribution, the generator has to map from a whole normal distribution to the images. This makes DCGANs unable to reflect the inherent structure of the training data. In this paper, we propose a novel deep model, called generative adversarial networks with decoder-encoder output noise (DE-GANs), which takes advantage of both the adversarial training and the variational Bayesain inference to improve the performance of image generation. DE-GANs use a pre-trained decoder-encoder architecture to map the random Gaussian noise vectors to informative ones and pass them to the generator of the adversarial networks. Since the decoder-encoder architecture is trained by the same images as the generators, the output vectors could carry the intrinsic distribution information of the original images. Moreover, the loss function of DE-GANs is different from GANs and DCGANs. A hidden-space loss function is added to the adversarial loss function to enhance the robustness of the model. Extensive empirical results show that DE-GANs can accelerate the convergence of the adversarial training process and improve the quality of the generated images.
Rapid Quantitative Assessment of the Adulteration of Virgin Olive Oils with Hazelnut Oils Using Raman Spectroscopy and Chemometrics (2003)

The authentication of extra virgin olive oil and its adulteration with lower-priced oils are serious problems in the olive oil industry. In addition to the obvious effect on producer profits, adulteration can also cause severe health and safety problems. A number of techniques, including chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, have recently been employed to assess the purity of olive oils. In this study Raman spectroscopy together with multivariate and evolutionary computational-based methods have been employed to assess the ability of Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between chemically very closely related oils. Additionally, the levels of hazelnut oils used to adulterate extra virgin olive oil were successfully quantified using partial least squares and genetic programming.
Facile Single‐Precursor Synthesis and Surface Modification of Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles for Nanocomposite γ‐Ray Scintillators (2015)

Inorganic nanoparticles/polymer nanocomposites provide a low cost, high performance alternative for gamma scintillation. However, inorganic nanoparticles used thus far suffer from either moderate atomic numbers or low band gaps, limiting the gamma stopping power and photoelectron production in these systems. Here, a highly efficient, facile single‐precursor synthesis protocol is reported for hafnium oxide nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5 nm. The nanoparticle surface is further functionalized for the fabrication of highly transparent bulk‐size nanocomposite monoliths (2 mm thick, transmittance at 550 nm >75%) with nanoparticle loadings up to 40 wt% (net hafnium wt% up to 28.5%). Using poly(vinyltoluene) as the matrix, 2‐(4‐ tert ‐butylphenyl)‐5‐(4‐biphenylyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole and 1,4‐bis(5‐phenyl‐2‐oxazolyl)benzene as the cascade fluors, and hafnium oxide nanoparticles as the gamma sensitizer, the nanocomposite monolith of 1 cm diameter and 2 mm thickness is fabricated capable of producing a full energy photopeak for 662 keV gamma rays, with the best deconvoluted photopeak energy resolution <8%.
Human monoclonal and polyclonal anti‐human immunodeficiency virus‐1 antibodies share a common clonotypic specificity (1992)

Human monoclonal and purified polyclonal anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 antibodies were tested for binding to a murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (1F7, IgM, kappa). Four human monoclonal anti-p24 and three human monoclonal anti-gp120 antibodies express the 1F7 clonotype, while one human monoclonal anti-gp41 antibody does not bind to 1F7. Affinity-purified anti-p24 and anti-gp120 antibodies from HIV-1-infected individuals also react with 1F7. Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that 1F7 reacts with human antibodies of different HIV-1 antigen specificities. A survey of sera from 329 HIV-1-infected individuals showed binding to 1F7 in 239 sera (72.6%) while 1F7 was not reacting with 109 HIV-1-negative sera. These results show that 1F7 idiotype is an HIV-1 infection-associated clonotypic marker shared by anti-HIV-1 antibodies with different epitope specificites.
Playing (1900)

er an mudhah gu gare, og?us a dhooirth shae lyesh fane)?Our friend viewed the churl closely, and he said to himself.Literally ~-Our friend looked on the churl sharply,
The timed walk test as a measure of severity and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2005)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a relentlessly progressive disease with a median survival of approximately 3 yrs. Measurements of airflow and lung volumes at rest are generally used to monitor the clinical course in this disorder. This study was designed to determine if a modified version of the 6-min walk test, called the timed walk test, accurately characterises disease severity and survival in IPF. The study population consisted of 28 patients with well-characterised progressive IPF. The timed walk test and concurrent measures of disease severity were assessed at baseline. Participants were prospectively followed for > or =4 yrs to determine the relationship between parameters of the timed walk test and survival. There were strong correlations between the end-exercise saturation and walk-velocity parameters of the timed walk test and diffusing capacity, and arterial oxygen tension at rest. In univariate Cox proportional-hazards models, end-exercise saturation, change in saturation with exercise, walk distance and walk velocity were associated with survival. In unadjusted logistic regression models, odds of death at 2 yrs were associated with the same parameters. In conclusion, the timed walk test relates to disease severity and long-term outcome in progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
The time-sequenced adaptive filter (1981)

A new form of adaptive filter is proposed which is especially suited for the estimation of a class of nonstationary signals. This new filter, called the time-sequenced adaptive filter, is an extension of the least mean-square error (LMS) adaptive filter. Both the LMS and timesequenced adaptive filters are digital filters composed of a tapped delay line and adjustable weights, whose impulse response is controlled by an adaptive algorithm. For stationary stochastic inputs the mean-square error, which is the expected value of the squared difference between the filter output and an externally supplied "desired response," is a quadratic function of the weights--a paraboloid with a single fixed minimum point which can be sought by gradient techniques, such as the LMS algorithm. For nonstationary inputs however the minimum point, curvature, and orientation of the error surface could be changing over time. The time-sequenced adaptive filter is applicable to the estimation of that subset of nonstationary signals having a recurring (but not necessarily periodic) statistical character, e.g., recurring pulses in noise. In this case there are a finite number of different paraboloidal error surfaces, also recurring in time. The time-sequenced adaptive filter uses multiple sets of adjustable weights. At each point in time, one and only one set of weights is selected to form the filter output and to be adapted using the LMS algorithm. The index of the set of weights chosen is synchronized with the recurring statistical character of the filter input so that each set of weights is associated with a single error surface. After many adaptations of each set of weights, the minimum point of each error surface is reached resulting in an optimal time-varying filter. For this procedure, some a priori knowledge of the filter input is required to synchronize the selection of the set of weights with the recurring statistics of the filter input. For pulse-type signals, this a priori knowledge could be the location of the pulses in time; for signals with periodic statistics, knowledge of the period is sufficient. Possible applications of the time-sequenced adaptive filter include electrocardiogram enhancement and electric load prediction.