gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of moulding conditions on the tensile strength of cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) injection moulded parts (2005)

AbstractThe effect of processing conditions including melt temperature, mould temperature, injection speed and packing pressure on the tensile strength of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) parts has been investigated. Tensile test specimen of 2·5 mm (thick-wall) and 1 mm (thin-wall) thick were injection moulded under specified conditions. Both single gate and double gates were used to form parts with and without weldlines. Part tensile strengths were measured experimentally. The influence of part thickness on the tensile strength is also studied. Higher melt temperature and mould temperature as well as faster injection speed increased tensile strength whereas higher packing pressure decreased tensile strength. Melt temperature and packing pressure are two parameters that affect tensile strength most significantly within the current moulding window. Higher melt and mould temperatures not only lower the residual stress but also help the diffusion of molecular chains leading to a higher tensile strength. On the other hand, high packing pressure leads to higher residual stress formation and reduces the molecular bonding rate. Weldline plays a significant role in influencing part tensile strength. Part thickness also exhibits significant effect on tensile strength: 1·0-mm-thick specimens have higher tensile strength and higher Young's modulus than 2·5-mm-thick specimens. The present investigation provides a moulding guideline for injection-moulded COC parts to achieve a specific moulding objective in part tensile performance.Keywords: CYCLIC OLEFIN COPOLYMERCOCTENSILE STRENGTH
Development of a Multistrain Bacterial Bioreporter Platform for the Monitoring of Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Marine Environments (2009)

Petroleum hydrocarbons are common contaminants in marine and freshwater aquatic habitats, often occurring as a result of oil spillage. Rapid and reliable on-site tools for measuring the bioavailable hydrocarbon fractions, i.e., those that are most likely to cause toxic effects or are available for biodegradation, would assist in assessing potential ecological damage and following the progress of cleanup operations. Here we examined the suitability of a set of different rapid bioassays (2-3 h) using bacteria expressing the LuxAB luciferase to measure the presence of short-chain linear alkanes, monoaromatic and polyaromatic compounds, biphenyls, and DNA-damaging agents in seawater after a laboratory-scale oil spill. Five independent spills of 20 mL of NSO-1 crude oil with 2 L of seawater (North Sea or Mediterranean Sea) were carried out in 5 L glass flasks for periods of up to 10 days. Bioassays readily detected ephemeral concentrations of short-chain alkanes and BTEX (i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) in the seawater within minutes to hours after the spill, increasing to a maximum of up to 80 muM within 6-24 h, after which they decreased to low or undetectable levels. The strong decrease in short-chain alkanes and BTEX may have been due to their volatilization or biodegradation, which was supported by changes in the microbial community composition. Two- and three-ring PAHs appeared in the seawater phase after 24 h with a concentration up to 1 muM naphthalene equivalents and remained above 0.5 muM for the duration of the experiment. DNA-damage-sensitive bioreporters did not produce any signal with the oil-spilled aqueous-phase samples, whereas bioassays for (hydroxy)biphenyls showed occasional responses. Chemical analysis for alkanes and PAHs in contaminated seawater samples supported the bioassay data, but did not show the typical ephemeral peaks observed with the bioassays. We conclude that bacterium-based bioassays can be a suitable alternative for rapid on-site quantitative measurement of hydrocarbons in seawater.
Reactions of rhodium complexes (C5Me5)Rh(PMe3)(R)H with electrophiles. Insertion of unsaturated molecules into activated carbon-hydrogen bonds (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of rhodium complexes (C5Me5)Rh(PMe3)(R)H with electrophiles. Insertion of unsaturated molecules into activated carbon-hydrogen bondsWilliam D. Jones, Valerie L. Chandler, and Frank J. FeherCite this: Organometallics 1990, 9, 1, 164–174Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00115a026https://doi.org/10.1021/om00115a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Analysis of High-Molecular-Weight Ribonucleic Acid Associated with Intracisternal A Particles (1973)

Intracisternal A particles, known primarily for their association with various tumors, have been shown to contain high-molecular-weight (HMW) ribonucleic acid (RNA) by velocity centrifugation, using linear glycerol gradients. This HMW RNA is sensitive to ribonuclease digestion and alkali treatment but is resistant to Pronase treatment. By a double-labeling experiment, HMW RNA was shown to be intrinsic to intracisternal A particles and not to have resulted from cytoplasmic polysomal RNA aggregation. By a reconstitution experiment, it was determined that the results were not due to C-type virus contamination. The synthesis of HMW RNA in intracisternal A particles is inhibited by actinomycin D and ethidium bromide. These observations emphasize that there are probably some taxonomic relationships between intracisternal A particles and oncogenic RNA viruses.
Metal-Oxide-Doped Silica Nanoparticles for the Catalytic Glycolysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate (2011)

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was depolymerized to monomer bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) using excess ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of metal oxides that were impregnated on different forms of silica support [silica nanoparticles (SNPs) or silica microparticles (SMPs)] as glycolysis catalysts. The reactions were carried out at 300 degrees C and 1.1 MPa at an EG-to-PET molar ratio of 11:1 and a catalyst-to-PET-weight ratio of 1.0% for 40-80 min. Among the four prepared catalysts (Mn3O4/SNPs, ZnO/SNPs, Mn3O4/SMPs, and ZnO/SMPs), the Mn3O4/SNPs nanocomposite had the highest monomer yield (> 90%). This high yield may be explained by the high surface area, amorphous and porous structure, and existence of numerous active sites on the nanocomposite catalyst. The BHET yield increased with time and reached the highest level where equilibrium was established between BHET and its dimer. The catalysts were characterized by their SEM, TEM, and BET surface areas, and via XRD, whereas the monomer BHET was characterized by HPLC and FT-IR. The glycolysis with the Mn3O4/SNPs nanocomposite as the glycolysis catalyst produced a maximum BHET in a short reaction time.
Complex permeability of polycrystalline hexagonal ferrites (2000)

Polycrystalline hexagonal ferrites (Y, Z and W-phases) were prepared by the usual ceramic sintering. Their complex permeability spectra were natural resonance type, and numerically separated into spin rotational and domain wall motion components. For the spin rotational component, it was found that the Snoek's product values of them were far beyond the product values of spinel ferrite. It enabled us to design thin electromagnetic wave absorbers for the quasimicrowave region.
Dominance of Surface Barriers in Molecular Transport through Silicalite-1 (2013)

Development of microporous materials with hierarchical structures of both micro/mesopores leads to molecular transport at nanometer length scales. For novel microporous materials including three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous imprinted (3DOm-i) zeolites and zeolite nanosheets, particle dimensions are below 35 nm resulting in surface-dominated structures. At the same time, the existence of surface-controlled mass transport including undefined “surface barriers” has been observed to reduce apparent diffusivity of hydrocarbons by orders of magnitude. This paper systematically characterizes cyclohexane transport in silicalite-1 by zero length chromatography (ZLC) to determine apparent diffusivity varying over 3 orders of magnitude in particles ranging from 35 nm to 3 μm. Three proposed mechanisms for surface barriers including surface pore narrowing, surface pore blockage, or surface desorption are evaluated by comparison with particle-size/diffusivity data. It is concluded that transport control in small particles was likely due to either pore narrowing at the surface or an extension of the diffusional length scale near the surface due to total pore blockages
Infection with Yersinia enterocolitica in patients with iron overload. (1986)

Infection with Yersinia enterocolitica in patients with iron overload Yersinia enterocolitica commonly causes fever and mild gastroenteritis' but occasionally causes severe illness, particularly in patients with iron overload in whom its virulence is enhanced.2Desferrioxamine used therapeutically may potentiate the growth of yersinia, which uses desferrioxamine as a siderophore to chelate iron.3We describe three patients with transfusional haemosiderosis and infection with Y enterocolitica. Case reports CASE 1A 25 year old white man with congenital sideroblastic anaemia, which had been diagnosed in 1965 and who had subsequently received regular blood transfusions (450 units) and subcutaneous desferrioxamine (serum ferritin 2460 pg/I), was admitted with symptoms of anaemia, three days of fever (395°C), slight diarrhoea, which he initially denied, but no abdominal pain.He had hepatomegaly (10 cm) and slight abdominal tenderness.His haemo- globin concentration was 53 g/l with normal white cells.The day after admission he started to receive a blood transfusion ofthree units with 6 g ofdesferrioxamine.Within eight hours he had severe diarrhoea, after 12 hours severe dyspnoea due to a persistent metabolic acidosis (bicarbonate 13 mmol (mEq)/l), and by 40 hours he had died.Intravenous penicillin, gentamicin, metronidazole, and rehydration were given to no avail.Necropsy showed an ulcer in the terminal ileum, multiple tiny colonic ulcers, and grossly enlarged purulent mesenteric lymph nodes.Stools and blood culture
[Revalidation of the in vitro specification limits after an in vitro-in vivo correlation]. (1998)

A "Level A" in vitro/in vivo correlation was established for a sustained release theophylline (CAS 58-55-9) preparation (Bronchoretard) under investigation. Such a functional relationship is a valuable tool for predicting the in vivo performance of a product. Additionally, the in vitro specification limits could be justified or even enlarged based on such an extrapolation.
Motor neuron disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1990)

From 1984 to 1988, 11 of 120 patients (9%) with motor neuron disease (MND) had paraproteins detected by serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE), compared with 4 (3%) by cellulose acetate gels: 1 patient had progressive spinal muscular atrophy, 5 patients had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and 5 patients had ALS with probable upper motor neuron signs. Four of 5 patients (80%) with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein content above 75 mg/dl had paraproteins, as did 6 of 30 with values above 50 mg/dl. Four of 14 patients with cerebrospinal oligoclonal bands (OCB) also had paraproteins. Two patients with ALS, CSF protein content above 75 mg/dl, and paraproteinemia had lymphoma. We conclude the following about patients with MND: high CSF protein content (especially above 75 mg/dl) or CSF OCB makes paraproteinemia more likely; some of these patients may have lymphoma; there is an inordinately high occurrence of paraproteinemia in MND; and IFE on agarose is more sensitive than electrophoresis on cellulose acetate in detecting paraproteins. Syndromes of paraproteinemia and high CSF protein are not restricted to the lower motor neuron but qualify as "ALS" with coexisting upper motor neuron signs.
Nanocomposites Containing Silica-Coated Gold–Silver Nanocages and Yb–2,4-Dimethoxyhematoporphyrin: Multifunctional Capability of IR-Luminescence Detection, Photosensitization, and Photothermolysis (2011)

We describe novel composite nanoparticles consisting of a gold-silver nanocage core and a mesoporous silica shell functionalized with the photodynamic sensitizer Yb-2,4-dimethoxyhematoporphyrin (Yb-HP). In addition to the long-wavelength plasmon resonance near 750-800 nm, the composite particles exhibited a 400-nm absorbance peak and two fluorescence peaks, near 580 and 630 nm, corresponding to bound Yb-HP. The fabricated nanocomposites generated singlet oxygen under 630-nm excitation and produced heat under laser irradiation at the plasmon resonance wavelength (750-800 nm). In particular, we observed enhanced killing of HeLa cells incubated with nanocomposites and irradiated by 630-nm light. Furthermore, an additional advantage of fabricated conjugates was an IR-luminescence band (900-1060 nm), originating from Yb(3+) ions of bound Yb-HP and located in the long-wavelength part of the tissue transparency window. This modality was used to control the accumulation and biodistribution of composite particles in mice bearing Ehrlich carcinoma tumors in a comparative study with intravenously injected free Yb-HP molecules. Thus, these multifunctional nanocomposites seem an attractive theranostic platform for simultaneous IR-luminescence diagnostic and photodynamic therapy owing to Yb-HP and for plasmonic photothermal therapy owing to Au-Ag nanocages.
Total Synthesis of Xerulinic Acid (2004)

An inhibitor of the biosynthesis of cholesterol, xerulinic acid, has been synthesized for the first time. The convergent approach applied involves the palladium-catalyzed coupling of an enediynoic ester building block, a conjunctive C6 bisstannane, and a bromine-containing methylenebutenolide (see scheme; R=Me3SiCH2CH2).
Fluid identification method and application of pre-stack and post-stack integration based on seismic low-frequency (2017)

Seismic low-frequency component included more fluid information, which was still a focus in geophysics. Seismic pre-stack data contained more fluid information, but signal to noise ratio (SNR) was low. By comparison, seismic post-stack data had a high SNR, but some fluid information was lost during data processing. Different angel stacks reflected different fluid seismic amplitude, compared with near-angle stacks. Far angle stacks had more low frequency components, which were more benefit for fluid identification. Based on this principle, combined with the pre-stacks and post-stacks seismic data, more fluid information would be included. In this study, a new fluid identification method was proposed. This method combined the post-stack seismic and pre-stack seismic data, it took into consideration high SNR of the post-stack seismic data and the large fluid amplitude differences of the pre-stack different angles. Field testing indicated this method was quite effective in detecting fluids. Keywords: Fluid identification, Seismic low-frequency, Signal to noise ratio, Post-stack seismic data, Pre-stack seismic data
Gel Formation via Physical Cross-Linking in the Soluble Conjugated Polymer, Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene], in Solution by Addition of Alkanes (2008)

In poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) solution in 1,3-dichlorobenzene (DCB), an addition of nonsolvent alkane can lead to a formation of gel and a growth of the content of aggregates (with intersegmental π−π interaction) on standing without stirring. Such a gel then becomes immobile after standing for about 13 h but mobile again after a vigor agitation. The viscosity of MEH-PPV solution in DCB is found to decrease with the addition of nonane until a minimum is reached at 30 vol % and then increase rapidly with further addition. Thus, we propose that the gel formation resulted from an occurrence of interchain physical cross-linking via interaction between neighboring alkoxy side chains with nonane as a bridge. The generated aggregates are found to be of “intrachain” because MEH-PPV chains tend to adopt a coil conformation in the presence of nonane as revealed by an initial drop of solution viscosity upon addition of nonane. Additions of other alkanes are investigated also, but a complete gelation can happen only as the linear chain length of alkanes is more than nine carbons.
Altered Fingerprints: Analysis and Detection (2011)

The widespread deployment of Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) in law enforcement and border control applications has heightened the need for ensuring that these systems are not compromised. While several issues related to fingerprint system security have been investigated, including the use of fake fingerprints for masquerading identity, the problem of fingerprint alteration or obfuscation has received very little attention. Fingerprint obfuscation refers to the deliberate alteration of the fingerprint pattern by an individual for the purpose of masking his identity. Several cases of fingerprint obfuscation have been reported in the press. Fingerprint image quality assessment software (e.g., NFIQ) cannot always detect altered fingerprints since the implicit image quality due to alteration may not change significantly. The main contributions of this paper are: 1) compiling case studies of incidents where individuals were found to have altered their fingerprints for circumventing AFIS, 2) investigating the impact of fingerprint alteration on the accuracy of a commercial fingerprint matcher, 3) classifying the alterations into three major categories and suggesting possible countermeasures, 4) developing a technique to automatically detect altered fingerprints based on analyzing orientation field and minutiae distribution, and 5) evaluating the proposed technique and the NFIQ algorithm on a large database of altered fingerprints provided by a law enforcement agency. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed approach in detecting altered fingerprints and highlight the need to further pursue this problem.
Solid-Phase Syntheses of β-Turn Analogues To Mimic or Disrupt Protein−Protein Interactions (2001)

Protein-protein interactions are difficult targets in medicinal chemistry, but they will become increasingly important as data from The Human Genome Project is interpreted. Our work focuses on beta-turn mimics that are designed to mimic or disrupt some of these interactions. Solid-phase syntheses and preferred conformations of beta-turn mimics that incorporate dipeptide units are discussed. The activity of one illustrative compound that potentiates the interaction of the nerve growth factor with its transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor TrkA is outlined. Finally, the importance of dimeric turn mimics and some new approaches to these are described.
An Optochemical Humidity Sensor Based on Immobilized Nile Red in Y Zeolite (2006)

A simple and low-cost cost optical reflectance sensor has been developed based on the solvatochromic Nile Red immobilized within NaY zeolite supercages. The sensor performance has been tested with water and n-hexane vapors. The Nile Red−Y composite exhibits excellent properties as humidity sensor in terms of sensitivity (much lower than 200 ppm), response time (around 4 min), and dye stability toward migration upon high light exposures. Besides, the zeolite host provides an enhanced selectivity to moisture in mixtures where organic compounds are also present. The benefits of the dye encapsulation inside the zeolitic pores in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and baseline stability have also been demonstrated.
Age-related changes in alpha 1- and alpha 2-chain type IV collagen mRNAs in adult mouse glomeruli: competitive PCR (1992)

Studies of age-related changes in glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in normal mice have been hampered by the difficulty of isolating sufficient numbers of intact glomeruli and by the inability to quantify different mRNA species. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantitate the individual mRNAs coding for alpha 1- and alpha 2-chains of type IV collagen in isolated, single glomeruli of normal mice at different ages. These data on normal ECM synthesis were necessary for the understanding of glomerulosclerosis, a condition characterized by excess deposition of collagen. Pools of freshly microdissected adult mouse glomeruli were reverse transcribed in situ, and alpha 1-IV and alpha 2-IV collagen mRNAs were individually amplified by means of specific primers and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), according to a previously published method. A competitive PCR assay, based on utilization of mutated cDNAs, allowed the reproducible, quantitative, and separate determination of the absolute amounts of both alpha 1-IV and alpha 2-IV mRNAs measured, as their respective cDNAs, in one-tenth of one glomerulus. The levels of alpha 1-IV and alpha 2-IV collagen mRNA were 208 +/- 36.0 x 10(-4) and 161.2 +/- 18.6 x 10(-4) amol/glomerulus in 5-wk-old mice. There were no significant age-related differences at 8, 12, and 24 wk. The mean levels over this period were 60.2 +/- 4.9 x 10(-4) for alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA and 63.9 +/- 5.8 x 10(-4) amol/glomerulus for alpha 2-IV collagen mRNA. Two of three 24-wk-old mice had mild glomerulosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Studies with heteroaromatic amines. A new route to 2-azolylamino-2-thiazolin-4-ones (2006)

Heteroaromatic chloroacetamides 3a–c on treatment with potassium thiocyanate afforded the thiazolylamino-thiazolines 6a–c via intermediacy of 4a–c and 5a–c. Compounds 6a–c condensed with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMFDMA) to yield the Z–enamines 7a–c. The enamines 7a and 7b could be converted into the enamines 8a–e and 9a,b on treatment with amines. However, reacting 10c with morpholine afforded 11b. Compounds 9a,b, as well as 9c, were also obtained on reacting 6a–c with triethyl orthoformate and piperidine in DMF. The structures of 6a and 11b were confirmed by X-ray crystal structure determination.
The occurrence of ocular and visual dysfunctions in an acquired brain-injured patient sample. (1999)

Our patient sample demonstrates that certain ocular and visual conditions occur more frequently among ABI patients in comparison to a random, adult population.