gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An exome-wide analysis of low frequency and rare variants in relation to risk of breast cancer in African American Women: the AMBER Consortium (2016)

A large percentage of breast cancer heritability remains unaccounted for, and most of the known susceptibility loci have been established in European and Asian populations. Rare variants may contribute to the unexplained heritability of this disease, including in women of African ancestry (AA). We conducted an exome-wide analysis of rare variants in relation to risk of overall and subtype-specific breast cancer in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium, which includes data from four large studies of AA women. Genotyping on the Illumina Human Exome Beadchip yielded data for 170 812 SNPs and 8287 subjects: 3629 cases (1093 estrogen receptor negative (ER-), 1968 ER+, 568 ER unknown) and 4658 controls, the largest exome chip study to date for AA breast cancer. Pooled gene-based association analyses were performed using the unified optimal sequence kernel association test (SKAT-O) for variants with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤ 5%. In addition, each variant with MAF >0.5% was tested for association using logistic regression. There were no significant associations with overall breast cancer. However, a novel gene, FBXL22 (P = 8.2×10(-6)), and a gene previously identified in GWAS of European ancestry populations, PDE4D (P = 1.2×10(-6)), were significantly associated with ER- breast cancer after correction for multiple testing. Cases with the associated rare variants were also negative for progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors-thus, triple-negative cancer. Replication is required to confirm these gene-level associations, which are based on very small counts at extremely rare SNPs.
Are Major Asian Markets Efficient (2013)

This paper evaluates the small sample properties of non-parametric joint rank and sign variance ratio tests to analyze the weak form efficiency in stock prices. It also assesses the size and power properties of the joint rank and sign variance ratio tests for small samples with the application of weighted bootstrap procedure. The results indicate that the weighted bootstrap tests exhibit desirable size properties and substantially higher power than the corresponding conventional rank-based tests. In addition, these tests are applied to examine the market efficiency of three major Asian emerging markets. The findings suggest that the efficiency characteristics of a given market do not remain the same and, in fact, vary over time depending on the major changes happening in the global financial markets. The results also indicate that India and China have become more efficient after the sub-prime crisis.
Mycelial paper: A potential resource recovery process? (1978)

Abstract Eleven species of fungi representative of a broad range of cell‐wall compositions were evaluated with respect to their papermaking potential as additives to woodpulp furnishes. Some of these species were also examined for their ability to grow on a spent liquor from the pulp‐and‐paper industry. Handsheets with various levels of incorporated mycelia exhibited a wide range of species‐dependent properties. Behavior of the mycelia in the sheets can be modified to a degree by physical and chemical treatments. The overall results suggest that small amounts (5–10% of the sheet constituents) of mycelia, grown inexpensively on waste effluents, might be incorporated into wood fiber paper without serious deleterious effects on paper strength properties. In some cases improved paper is obtained, and larger quantities of mycelia might be used to impart specific properties to the product.
The Open Cassegrain Antenna: Part I. Electromagnetic Design and Analysis (1965)

The open cassegrain antenna combines an asymmetric cassegrain reflector system with antenna rotation about two non-orthogonal axes. The compact configuration provides well-controlled radiation with full hemispheric coverage. A comprehensive analysis of the antenna geometrical and radiation characteristics has been made, and an experimental antenna with 40-inch aperture, operating at 60 gcs, has been constructed and measured electrically. Agreement was obtained between the computed and measured characteristics of the antenna and its components. By computation, it is found that the aperture efficiency of the experimental antenna is 70.4 per cent, the antenna efficiency (neglecting ohmic loss) is 65 per cent, and based on measured subreflector radiation patterns, the noise temperature due to spillover at the main reflector is less than 4°K.
A Duffy Binding–Like Domain Is Involved in the NKp30‐Mediated Recognition of<i>Plasmodium</i><i>falciparum</i>–Parasitized Erythrocytes by Natural Killer Cells (2007)

The recent demonstration that purified natural killer (NK) cells lyse Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized red blood cells (Pf-pRBCs) suggests that innate immunity is important in malaria. NK cell killing--presumably an early host response to infection--requires intimate contact between NK natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) and ligands expressed on the surface of Pf-pRBCs. We investigated whether the Duffy binding-like (DBL)-1 alpha domain of P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP-1) expressed on parasitized erythrocytes rendered Pf-pRBCs susceptible to NK cell lysis. We showed that with NKp30-immunoglobulin and NKp46-immunoglobulin fusion proteins and DBL-1alpha peptides NCRs are involved in the NK cell-Pf-pRBC interaction. This interaction was direct, specific, and functional, leading to perforin production and granzyme B release. The prior treatment of NK cells with DBL-1 alpha peptides abolished both this interaction and killing activity, suggesting that DBL-1 alpha -NCRs interaction is the key recognition mechanism leading to parasite killing by NK cells.
System- and application-level support for runtime hardware reconfiguration on SoC platforms (2006)

This paper discusses the design and implementation of a system-level mechanism and corresponding application-level support that enables programs running on a reconfigurable SoC to modify the underlying FPGA at runtime. Applications may request the addition and/or removal of softcore devices at any point in time. Requests are handled in a coordinated way via a separate user-level process that fetches the configuration bistream from an exernal server. System reconfiguration is implemented via a fast suspend-resume mechanism with support for dynamic softcore device address management to achieve flexible device placement on the reconfigurable fabric. Even though our approach does not rely on advanced (and expensive) hardware that supports dynamic partial reconfiguration, the obtained functionality is sufficient for a wide range of application scenarios.
Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B (1993)

Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B , Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
TensorLog: Deep Learning Meets Probabilistic DBs (2017)

We present an implementation of a probabilistic first-order logic called TensorLog, in which classes of logical queries are compiled into differentiable functions in a neural-network infrastructure such as Tensorflow or Theano. This leads to a close integration of probabilistic logical reasoning with deep-learning infrastructure: in particular, it enables high-performance deep learning frameworks to be used for tuning the parameters of a probabilistic logic. Experimental results show that TensorLog scales to problems involving hundreds of thousands of knowledge-base triples and tens of thousands of examples.
33.4: An Improvement Process for Gate Oxide of LTPS TFT by Using N <sub>2</sub> O Plasma Nitridation (2004)

Abstract In this work, the nitridation effects for the gate oxide of low temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin film transistors (TFTs) by using N 2 O plasma were presented. According to the experiments and discussions in this paper, it was believed that the incorporation of nitrogen atoms into SiO 2 /Si interface was responsible for the improved quality of the oxide. Therefore we used N 2 O plasma instead of thermal and NH 3 nitridation to get better performance of LTPS TFTs. Furthermore, the N 2 O plasma nitridation process also had advantages of the higher throughput and yield in LTPS TFTs fabrication.
Dopamine fiber detection by [11C]-CFT and PET in a primate model of parkinsonism (1992)

Monkeys were treated on two regimens of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) injections to achieve dopamine fiber degeneration of differing severities. A rapid treatment regimen produced a severe parkinsonian syndrome, whereas an intermittent regimen did not cause locomotor symptoms to appear up to 25 weeks. High resolution PET scanning of dopamine nerve terminals revealed that the specific binding of the dopamine transporter [11C]-WIN 35,428 ([11C]-CFT) was diminished by 94% (caudate nucleus) and by 93% (putamen) in the symptomatic monkey. Decreases of 65 and 67% were detected in these regions in the non-symptomatic monkey. Post-mortem immunocytochemical evaluation of presumed dopamine fibers by tyrosine-hydroxylase showed similar reductions in the symptomatic animal.
B7-1 (CD80)-gene transfer combined with interleukin-12 administration elicits protective and therapeutic immunity against mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (1999)

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently recurs after primary therapy, resulting in poor prognosis. To try to find a way to prevent this, we examined the combined effectiveness of B7-1 (CD80)-gene transfer and interleukin-12 (IL-12) on the induction of protective antitumor immunity against poorly immunogenic BNL1ME A.7R. 1 (BNL) mouse HCC cells. We introduced mouse B7-1 gene into BNL1ME A. 7R.1 cells. Overexpression of B7-1 on BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells resulted in significant inhibititon of subcutaneous tumor development in syngeneic BALB/c mice, but not in complete rejection, suggesting that strong expression of B7-1 molecules may enhance the immunogenicity of BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells in immunocompetent mice. Lymphocyte study revealed that the cytolytic activity generated by immunization with B7-1 transfectants against BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells was mediated mainly by CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). We examined the synergistic effect of IL-12 and immunization with B7-1 transfectants. The combination led to rejection of BNL1ME A.7R.1 cells in 6 of 10 tested mice and delayed tumor development in the remaining mice. Furthermore, the combined treatment against pre-established BNL1ME A.7R.1 tumors resulted in rejection in 3 of 8 tested mice or in significant inhibition of tumor growth in the remaining mice. In vivo lymphocyte subset depletion study indicated that the combined antitumor effect was dependent on the presence of both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. In conclusion, the combination of immunization of B7-1-transfected HCC cells and IL-12 could induce protective and therapeutic immunity against parental HCC cells, and this combination may be therapeutically useful for suppressing recurrence of HCC.
The Development of Pore and Cellular Structures in Anodic Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Films (1970)

SummaryThe morphology of porous anodic oxide films formed on high purity aluminium in electrolytes containing borax, sulphuric acid and chromic acid was studied using scanning and conventional electron microscopy. Replicas of the outer oxide surface, the underside of the oxide, and the metal surface at the oxide-metal interface were examined for thick oxide films. Very thin films in the early stages of growth were examined using direct transmission techniques. The correlation of the results obtained enabled particularly reliable results to be obtained. It was observed that pores initiate at very early stages of film growth but that marked changes in the pore structure take place with time. The pore size is also a function of the electrolyte, temperature and voltage used. The porosity of an oxide is independent of the voltage but varies with the temperature. The cellular structure at the oxide-metal interface can be very complex in nature. Cells associated with the pore structure are designated ‘primary’ cells. Coarser cells may also appear; these are described as ‘secondary’ cells.
Growth of Oxide Layers on Thin Aluminum Nitride Samples Measured by Electron Energy‐Loss Spectroscopy (1993)

AlN ceramics with different amounts of oxygen impurities were investigated by electron energy‐loss Spectroscopy (EELS). Because of the high dynamics of EEL spectra, a method was developed to record partial spectra and then to join them together to form a complete spectrum. The data obtained from EEL spectra were the nitrogen/oxygen concentration ratio, sample thickness, and energy‐loss nearedge structures (ELNES). Because of spontaneous formation of an oxide layer on AlN samples immediately after ion milling, a method had to be developed which yielded the oxide layer thickness and the bulk oxygen content. The growth kinetics of the oxide layer were investigated by exposing the AIN samples at room temperature to air and to water for various times. From these measurements a logarithmic rate law for the oxidation of AlN at room temperature was obtained.
Azo Compounds.<sup>1</sup> A Seven-membered Cyclic Azo Compound (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAzo Compounds.1 A Seven-membered Cyclic Azo CompoundC. G. Overberger and Joseph G. LombardinoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 9, 2317–2321Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01542a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01542a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views255Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
UWB MAC and Network Solutions for Low Data Rate with Location and Tracking Applications (2006)

The object of this paper is to present the main results achieved during the first fifteen months of the 6th framework European Union integrated research project PULSERS [1], regarding ultra wide band (UWB) medium access control (MAC) and network layer issues for low data rate with location and tracking (LDR-LT) applications. Various intended UWB system architectures and their key requirements and parameters are introduced. For such systems, potential MAC schemes and network solutions are illustrated and discussed. New ideas about wireless UWB access, synchronization, resource allocation, and topology management are also presented.
FGF-1 and FGF-2 Require the Cytosolic Chaperone Hsp90 for Translocation into the Cytosol and the Cell Nucleus (2006)

Similarly to many protein toxins, the growth factors fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) and FGF-2 translocate from endosomes into the cytosol. It was recently found that certain toxins are dependent on cytosolic Hsp90 for efficient translocation across the endosomal membrane. We therefore investigated the requirement for Hsp90 in FGF translocation. We found that low concentrations of the specific Hsp90 inhibitors, geldanamycin and radicicol, completely blocked the translocation of FGF-1 and FGF-2 to the cytosol and the nucleus. The drugs did not interfere with the initial binding of FGF-1 to the growth factor receptors at the cell-surface or with the subsequent internalization of the growth factors into endosomes. The activation of known signaling cascades downstream of the growth factor receptors was also not affected by the drugs. The data indicate that the drugs block translocation from endosomes to the cytosol implying that Hsp90 is required for translocation of FGF-1 and FGF-2 across the endosomal membrane.
Unpredicted clinical pharmacology of UCN-01 caused by specific binding to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein. (1998)

The pharmacokinetics of UCN-01 after administration as a 72- or 3-h infusion to cancer patients in initial Phase I trials displayed distinctive features that could not have been predicted from preclinical data. The distribution volumes (0.0796-0.158 liters/kg) and the systemic clearance (0.0407-0.252 ml/h/kg) were extremely low, in contrast to large distribution volume and rapid systemic clearance in experimental animals. The elimination half-lives (253-1660 h) were unusually long. In vitro protein binding experiments demonstrated that UCN-01 was strongly bound to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein. The results suggest that unusual pharmacokinetics of UCN-01 in humans could be due, at least in part, to its specifically high binding to alpha1-acid glycoprotein.
Efficient and exclusive induction of Tet repressor by the oligopeptide Tip results from co-variation of their interaction site (2007)

Protein-protein interactions are an important element of signal transfer within and between organisms. They are mainly mediated by short oligopeptide motifs and represent a widely used alternative to small, organic molecules for conveying information. The transcription factor TetR, a regulator of tetracycline resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, is naturally induced by tetracycline or its derivatives. The oligopeptide Tip (Transcription inducing peptide) fused to either N- or C-terminus of Thioredoxin A (TrxA) has been isolated as an artificial inducer for TetR in Escherichia coli. This inducing property can be exploited to monitor the in vivo expression of a protein of interest by fusing Tip to its C-terminus. We improve the induction efficiency of Tip by adding an aromatic amino acid before residue 1 of Tip in C-terminal fusions to TrxA. The induction efficiency of that modified TrxA-Tip fusion is further enhanced when the effector-binding pocket of TetR is enlarged by the N82A and F86A mutations. The double mutant is also insensitive to induction by tetracyclines. Thus, Tip is an exclusive inducer of this TetR variant, representing the first example of fully converting a small molecular weight effector-dependent transcription factor into one depending solely on protein-protein recognition.
Scanning probe microscopy at video-rate (2008)

Recent results have demonstrated the feasibility of video-rate scanning tunneling microscopy and video-rate atomic force microscopy. The further development of this technology will enable the direct observation of many dynamic processes that are impossible to observe today with conventional Scanning Probe Microscopes (SPMs). Examples are atom and molecule diffusion processes, the motion of molecular motors, real-time film growth, and chemical or catalytic reactions. Video-rate scanning probe technology might also lead to the extended application of SPMs in industry, e.g. for process control. In this paper we discuss the critical aspects that have to be taken into account for improving the imaging speed of SPMs. We point out the required instrumentation efforts, give an overview of the state of the art in high-speed scanning technology and discuss the required future developments for imaging at video-rates.
Shape-Tunable SrTiO<sub>3</sub> Crystals Revealing Facet-Dependent Optical and Photocatalytic Properties (2019)

SrTiO3 cubes with tunable sizes of 160–290 nm have been synthesized by mixing TiCl4, SrCl2, and LiOH in pure ethanol or a water/ethanol mixed solution at just 70 °C for 3 h. Replacing water/ethanol with water/hexanol and water/ethylene glycol, and fine tuning the amounts of other reagents, resulted in the formation of edge-truncated cubes and {100}-truncated rhombic dodecahedra, respectively. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterization, supported by Rietveld refinement analysis, have revealed shape-dependent tuning in lattice parameters. The cubes display slight size-related optical band shifts, and they show clearly more blue-shifted light absorption than the other particles exposing significant {110} faces. The {100}-truncated rhombic dodecahedra are far more efficient than cubes at photodegradation of methylene blue and photocatalyzed hydrogen evolution from water in the presence of methanol. The photocatalytic activity variation should arise from different degrees of surface band bending for the {100} and {110} faces of SrTiO3, suggesting surface facet control as a strategy for enhancing photocatalyzed hydrogen production.
The fractionation of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (1967)

1. Gels were prepared with recrystallized acrylamide and bisacrylamide. Electrophoresis was in tris-sodium acetate-EDTA buffer for 0.5 to 3hr. Gels were scanned at 280 or 265mmu. Techniques are described for slicing and radioactive counting. 2. The mobility of RNA was inversely related to the sedimentation coefficient and varied with gel concentration. Electrophoresis in 2.2-2.6% gels gives a fractionation similar to density-gradient centrifugation. It shows the two ribosomal RNA components, the 45s precursor, transfer RNA and minor components. In 5% and 7.5% gels, 4s and 5s RNA separated and ribosomal RNA was excluded. 3. The resolution is greater and more detailed than by centrifugation, and many samples can be analysed simultaneously and rapidly.
Arad (Place) (1992)

[Heb ʿărād]. A town in the S Negeb of Judah, mentioned four times in the Bible, mainly in connection with the Canaanite king of Arad who defeated the Israelites when they first attempted a S entrance into Canaan (Num 21:1; 33:40). Later, the king of Arad is listed among the conquered kings of Canaan
Preparation of capillary columns coated with linear polymer containing hydrophobic and charged groups for capillary electrochromatography (1999)

A linear polymer-coated capillary was prepared by in-capillary copolymerization of N-tert-butylacrylamide (TBAAm) with a charged monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), after the capillary pretreatment with a bifunctional reagent. The coated capillaries were applied in capillary electrochromatographic (CEC) separation of small neutral compounds. Hydrophobic groups in the linear polymer, which were immobilized onto the capillary surface, functioned as the stationary phase in reversed-phase CEC separation, and charged groups in the linear polymer generated electroosmotic flow (EOF) along the column. The coated capillaries were prepared by a simple procedure. Moreover, the reproducibility with respect to EOF rate and migration times of the solutes was excellent. The results for CEC separation of small molecules using the linear polymer-coated capillaries are presented.