gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eighth International Workshop on Desorption Induced by Electronic Transitions (2001)

Abstract : The primary purpose of the DIET-8 workshop was to assemble the world's authorities in electronically- induced surface processes (mainly, but not restricted to, desorption). The field of electronic excitations on surfaces and the subsequent atomic and molecular changes induced by these excitations has been expanding greatly, especially in the areas of atomically-resolved DIET processes, femtosecond dynamics, and photo-chemistry. Applications are myriad, including semiconductor processing, beam damage in quantitative surface analysis, photocatalysis, and surface chemistry in interplanetary space. This workshop thus served as a very important forum to discuss, analyze, and assess recent progress in both the theoretical understanding of these complicated phenomena and the latest experimental results. The workshop was attended by 70 attendees from 11 countries; 42 oral presentations and 19 posters were presented. This Proceedings volume contains 39 papers selected from the presentations at the workshop, following regular refereeing procedures of Surface Science.
Sentido y funciones de la facultad de juzgar en la reflexión kantiana sobre la naturaleza. (1978)

Sin resumen
Effect of Early Enteral Nutrition on Intestinal Permeability, Intestinal Protein Loss, and Outcome in Dogs with Severe Parvoviral Enteritis (2003)

A randomized, controlled clinical trial investigated the effect of early enteral nutrition (EN) on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and outcome in parvoviral enteritis. Dogs were randomized into 2 groups: 15 dogs received no food until vomiting had ceased for 12 hours (mean 50 hours after admission; NPO group), and 15 dogs received early EN by nasoesophageal tube from 12 hours after admission (EEN group). All other treatments were identical. Intestinal permeability was assessed by 6-hour urinary lactulose (L) and rhamnose (R) recoveries (%L, %R) and L/R recovery ratios. Intestinal protein loss was quantified by fecal alpha1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations (alpha1-PI). Median time to normalization of demeanor, appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea was 1 day shorter for the EEN group for each variable. Body weight increased insignificantly from admission in the NPO group (day 3: 2.5 +/- 2.8%; day 6: 4.3 +/- 2.3%; mean +/- SE), whereas the EEN group exhibited significant weight gain (day 3: 8.1 +/- 2.7%; day 6: 9.7 +/- 2.1%). Mean urinary %L was increased, %R reduced, and L/R recovery ratios increased compared to reference values throughout the study for both groups. Percent lactulose recovery decreased in the EEN group (admission: 22.6 +/- 8.0%; day 6: 17.9 +/- 2.3%) and increased in the NPO group (admission: 11.0 +/- 2.6%; day 6: 22.5 +/- 4.6%, P = .035). Fecal alpha1-PI was above reference values in both groups and declined progressively. No significant differences occurred for %R, L/R ratios, or alpha1-PI between groups. Thirteen NPO dogs and all EEN dogs survived (P = .48). The EEN group showed earlier clinical improvement and significant weight gain. The significantly decreased %L in the EEN versus NPO group might reflect improved gut barrier function, which could limit bacterial or endotoxin translocation.
Biological Variation in HbA1c Predicts Risk of Retinopathy and Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Between-individual biological variation in HbA(1c), which is distinct from that attributable to MBG, was evident among type 1 diabetic patients in the DCCT and was a strong predictor of risk for diabetes complications. Identification of the processes responsible for biological variation in HbA(1c) could lead to novel therapies to augment treatments directed at lowering blood glucose levels and preventing diabetes complications.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Tn <i>10</i> (2000)

The complete nucleotide sequence of Tn10 has been determined. The dinucleotide signature and percent G+C of the sequence had no discontinuities, indicating that Tn10 constitutes a homogeneous unit. The new sequence contained three new open reading frames corresponding to a glutamate permease, repressors of heavy metal resistance operons, and a hypothetical protein in Bacillus subtilis. The glutamate permease was fully functional when expressed, but Tn10 did not protect Escherichia coli from the toxic effects of various metals.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Anticounterfeiting Innovative Fibers (2013)

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has gained increased attention for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of textile and polymer products. Many NIR instruments have been commercialized to identify the natural and synthetic fibers; however, there is a strong need to have NIR database of these high-performance fibers to detect contraband textile materials rapidly and quantitatively. In this study, NIR spectra of PLA, Kevlar, Spandex and Sorona woven fabrics were collected and studied by several calibration models to identify the fibers. The results indicated that these four innovative fibers had been successfully distinguished by their NIR spectra in combination with preprocessing of 1/ X transformation, SNV, and 2nd Savitzky-Golay derivative as well as principal-component-analysis (PCA-) based chemometric methods. Our promising results suggest that NIR spectroscopy is an effective technique to anticounterfeit innovative fibers.
Isolation of a Physiologically Active Tetrahydrocannabinol from Cannabis Sativa Resin (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation of a Physiologically Active Tetrahydrocannabinol from Cannabis Sativa ResinH. J. Wollner, John R. Matchett, Joseph Levine, and S. LoeweCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1942, 64, 1, 26–29Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01253a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01253a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views705Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Keloids (1983)

A brief account of the clinical and histological features of keloids, their differentiation from hypertrophic scars, their etiopathogenesis, and the various methods for their treatment is followed by an assessment of the possibilities offered by cryotherapy and its advantages and drawbacks. Reference is made by way of illustration to 4 patients chosen from a series of more than 100 on the basis of the importance of their clinical pictures. The conclusion is drawn that cryotherapy with nitrogen protoxide is both useful and practical in the management of carefully selected cases and deserves fuller understanding and more widespread employment than it enjoys at present.
Different Classes of Coactivators Recognize Distinct but Overlapping Binding Sites on the Estrogen Receptor Ligand Binding Domain (1998)

We have analyzed interaction of coactivators with the wild-type estrogen receptor alpha (ER), HEG0, and a mutant, L536P-HEG0, which is constitutively active in several transiently transfected cells and a HeLa line that stably propagates an estrogen-sensitive reporter gene. Different classes of coactivators do not recognize the ER ligand binding domain (LBD) in the same manner. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1), amplified in breast cancer-1 (AIB-1), transcriptional intermediary factor-1 (TIF-1), transcriptional intermediary factor-2 (TIF-2), and receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140) interacted with HEG0 and L536P-HEG0 in the presence of estradiol, but generally not in the presence of anti-estrogens. However, ICI164,384 stimulated some interaction of RIP140 with LBDs. SRC-1, AIB-1, and RIP140 interacted constitutively with the L536P ER, whereas TIF-1 and TIF-2 interacted only weakly in the absence of hormone. Reciprocal competition for binding to the ER LBD was observed between different classes of coactivators. Moreover, coexpression of RIP140 blocked enhanced transactivation by HEG0 observed in the presence of TIF-2, suggesting that RIP140 may play a negative role in ER signaling. We conclude that constitutive activity of L536P-HEG0 is manifested to similar degrees in different cell types and likely arises from constitutive coactivator binding; different classes of coactivators recognize distinct but overlapping binding sites on the ER LBD. Finally, the observation that L536P-HEG0 interacted constitutively with AIB-1, a coactivator that has been implicated in ER signaling in breast and ovarian cancer, suggests that similar mutations in the ER may contribute to hormone-independent proliferation of breast and ovarian cells.
Experimental evaluation of a fuzzy-set based measure of software correctness using program mutation (1993)

Experimental evaluation of software reliability models that depend on the source code of the target program is expensive due to the need for a large sample of programs. The authors have used program mutation to generate many versions of one of the more complex components comprising a hypothetical but realistic nuclear reactor safety control program. Trivial mutants were filtered by using branch and path testing. These programs were used to assess a fuzzy set based measure of program correctness. The results confirmed that the model is conservative. In addition, the experiments provided new insights into the model, including reassessment of its assumptions and directions for refining it. >
An all-glass 12 μm ultra-thin and flexible micro-fluidic chip fabricated by femtosecond laser processing (2016)

This study investigated and established a method, using femtosecond laser processing, to fabricate a 100%-glass-based 12 μm ultra-thin and flexible micro-fluidic chip. First we investigated the suitable pulse energy of the laser to fabricate ultra-thin glass sheets and then we fabricated a prototype glass micro-fluidic chip. Two 1 mm-in-diameter orifices for facilitating alignment in the bonding step and one channel with a width of 20 μm and a length of 25 mm were fabricated in a 4 μm thickness ultra-thin glass sheet using the femtosecond laser; this forms layer 2 in the completed device. Next, the glass sheet with the channel was sandwiched between another glass sheet having an inlet hole and an outlet hole (layer 1) and a base glass sheet (layer 3); the three sheets were bonded to each other, resulting in a flexible, 100%-glass micro-fluidic chip with a thickness of approximately 12 μm and a weight of 3.6 mg. The basic function of the glass micro-fluidic chip was confirmed by flowing 1 and 2 μm in-diameter bead particles through the channel. The fabrication method clearly scales down the thickness limitation of flexible glass devices and offers a possible element technology for fabricating ultra-thin glass devices that can be applied to convection-enhanced delivery, implantable medical devices, wearable devices, and high-resolution imaging of small biological objects such as bacteria and proteins in the channel.
Aquaporin-4 dependent glymphatic solute transport in rodent brain (2017)

Abstract The glymphatic system is a brain-wide metabolite clearance pathway, impairment of which in post-traumatic and ischemic brain or healthy aging is proposed to contribute to intracerebral accumulation of amyloid-β and tau proteins. Glymphatic perivascular influx of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) depends upon the expression and perivascular localization of the astroglial water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Prompted by a recent publication that failed to find an effect of Aqp4 knockout on perivascular CSF tracer influx and interstitial fluid (ISF) tracer dispersion, four independent research groups have herein re-examined the importance of Aqp4 in glymphatic fluid transport. We concur in finding that CSF tracer influx, as well as fluorescently-tagged amyloid-β efflux, are significantly faster in wild-type mice than in three different transgenic lines featuring disruption of the Aqp4 gene and one line in which AQP4 expression lacks the critical perivascular localization ( Snta1 knockout). These data validate the role of AQP4 in supporting fluid and solute transport and efflux in brain in accordance with the glymphatic system model.
Patient-Initiated Treatment of Uncomplicated Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Young Women (2001)

Adherent women can accurately self-diagnose and self-treat recurrent UTIs.
Comparison of Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Thermal Models of the LENS® Process (2008)

A new two-dimensional (2D) transient finite element model was developed to study the thermal behavior during the multilayer deposition by the laser engineered net shaping rapid fabrication process. The reliability of the 2D model was evaluated by comparing the results obtained from the 2D model with those computed by a previously developed three-dimensional (3D) model. It is found that the predicted temperature distributions and the cooling rates in the molten pool and its surrounding area agree well with the experiment data available in literature and with the previous results calculated with the 3D model. It is also concluded that, for the geometry analyzed in this study, the 2D model can be used with good accuracy, instead of the computationally much more expensive 3D model, if certain precautions are taken to compensate for the 3D effects of the substrate. In particular, a 2D model could be applied to an in situ calculation of the thermal behavior of the deposited part during the fabrication, allowing dynamic control of the process. The 2D model is also applied to study the effects of substrate size and idle time on the thermal field and size of the molten pool.
Antiallergic and antihistaminic effect of two extracts of <i>Capparis spinosa</i> L. flowering buds (2005)

The antiallergic properties of two lyophilized extracts obtained from Capparis spinosa L. flowering buds (capers) by methanol extraction, carried out at room temperature (CAP-C) or with heating at 60 degrees C (CAP-H), were investigated. The protective effects of CAP-H and CAP-C, orally administered (14.28 mg[sol ]kg), were evaluated against Oleaceae antigen challenge-induced and histamine-induced bronchospasm in anaesthetized guinea-pigs. Furthermore, the histamine skin prick test was performed on humans, applying a gel formulation containing 2% CAP-C (the only extract able to protect against histamine-induced bronchospasm) on the skin for 1 h before histamine application and monitoring the erythema by reflectance spectrophotometry. The CAP-H showed a good protective effect against the bronchospasm induced by antigen challenge in sensitized guinea-pigs; conversely, a significant decrease in the responsiveness to histamine was seen only in CAP-C pretreated animals. Finally, the CAP-C gel formulation possessed a marked inhibitory effect (46.07%) against histamine-induced skin erythema. These two caper extracts displayed marked antiallergic effectiveness; however, the protective effect of CAP-H was very likely due to an indirect mechanism (for example, inhibition of mediator release from mast cells or production of arachidonic acid metabolites); conversely, CAP-C is endowed with direct antihistaminic properties. The different mechanisms of action of CAP-H and CAP-C may be related to a difference in the extraction procedure and, thus, in their qualitative[sol ]quantitative chemical profile.
Diverse porphyrin dimers as candidates for high-density charge-storage molecules (2006)

Porphyrinic molecules have been shown to be viable candidates for a molecular-based information storage medium on the basis of redox activity. An optimal redox-based information storage medium requires a large charge density in the molecular footprint on the anchoring substrate. The use of dimeric versus monomeric architectures affords one route to achieving increased charge density without sacrificing surface cross sectional area. Towards this goal, a series of zinc and cobalt containing porphyrin dimers has been prepared and characterized. The interporphyrin linkages in the dimers include p-phenylene, ethynyl, 1,4-butadiynyl, and ethynylphenylethynyl joining porphyrin meso-positions; Crossley-type fusion bridging porphyrin β-positions, and Osuka-type triple fusions bridging one meso- and two β-positions. The electrochemical features of each dimer have been evaluated.
Evaluation of the properties of a multiple-model reconfigurable flight controller on a 6 DOF simulation (2000)

In this paper we describe the implementation of the multiple model-based FBI-ARC algorithms from [6, 1] in the nonlinear 6 DOF simulation of a Tailless Advanced Fighter Aircraft (TAFA). Due to the nonlinear nature of the simulation, the implementation and tuning of the algorithms is substantially more complicated than of their counterparts in linear simulations. However, the well tuned FDIARC achieved excellent performance despite severe flight-critical variations in the aircraft dynamics.
Uptake and release of serotonin in rat cerebrovascular nerves after subarachnoid hemorrhage. (1992)

Our study demonstrates a capacity of the perivascular sympathetic nerves to take up serotonin both in vitro and during the early phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Such uptake may help to remove excess serotonin from the subarachnoid space. Only if serotonin is subsequently released upon nerve activation may minor smooth muscle contraction develop.
The Wentworth Foundation for Orthodontic and Craniofacial Services: public/private sector initiative. (2007)

For almost 12 years a free orthodontic service was rendered for very poor people at the Wentworth Hospital dental clinic. This dental clinic is in the south of Durban and is surrounded by even more impoverished areas like Welbedacht and Merebank. The clinic was started (and is still being run) by a specialist orthodontist with assistance from dentists. Although the initial intention was to service the very poor areas of South Durban, the clinic grew rapidly to service the whole of KwaZulu Natal. This was a natural progression because KwaZulu Natal always lacked public sector specialized dental services. Referrals to the Wentworth clinic came from both urban and rural public sector dental clinics. Also many referrals are from the private sector. This increased the patient load considerably. To add to the burden of the clinic the plastic surgery and craniofacial unit at Albert Luthuli Hospital refer all their cases requiring orthodontics to the Wentworth clinic.
Influence of dietary fiber on lipids and aortic composition of vervet monkeys (1986)

A semipurified, cholesterol-free diet containing 40% carbohydrate can produce aortic sudanophilia or aortic atherosclerosis in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops pygerethrus) depending on the particular carbohydrate fed. Four groups of vervet monkeys (three males and three females per group) were fed semipurified diets containing lactose. Two of the groups were also fed 15% cellulose (C) or 15% cellulose plus 0.1% cholesterol (CC); the two other groups were fed 15% pectin (P) or 15% pectin plus 0.1% cholesterol (PC). The average serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels over the entire feeding period (mg/dl +/- SEM) were, for C, 156 +/- 14 and 95 +/- 5; for P, 173 +/- 15 and 112 +/- 8; for CC, 187 +/- 27 and 122 +/- 21; and for PC, 155 +/- 11 and 108 +/- 7. Cholesterol levels at autopsy (mg/dl +/- SEM) were, for C, 103 +/- 6; for P, 108 +/- 16; for CC, 92 +/- 9; and for PC, 106 +/- 7. Aortic sudanophilia (percentage of area) was, for C, 5.9 +/- 2.7; for P, 13.5 +/- 9.4; for CC, 5.3 +/- 2.1; and for PC, 21.6 +/- 10.3. Dietary pectin led to more severe sudanophilia (increased by 129% in the absence of cholesterol and by 308% in its presence) than did cellulose. Analysis of aortic glycosaminoglycans (GAG) revealed that dermatan sulfate levels fell in both cholesterol-fed groups, and chondroitin sulfate fell in aortas of group CC. Heparan sulfate levels were unaffected by cholesterol feeding. Hexuronic acid, galactosamine and hexosamine levels were elevated in the pectin-fed monkeys, but levels were unaffected by dietary cholesterol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Double Blockade of CD14 and Complement C5 Abolishes the Cytokine Storm and Improves Morbidity and Survival in Polymicrobial Sepsis in Mice (2014)

Sepsis and septic shock, caused by an excessive systemic host-inflammatory response, are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The complement system and TLRs provide important pattern recognition receptors initiating the cytokine storm by extensive cross-talk. We hypothesized that double blockade of complement C5 and the TLR coreceptor CD14 could improve survival of experimental polymicrobial sepsis. Mice undergoing cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis were treated with neutralizing anti-CD14 Ab biG 53, complement C5 inhibitor coversin (Ornithodoros moubata C inhibitor), or a combination thereof. The inflammatory study (24-h observation) revealed statistically significant increases in 22 of 24 measured plasma biomarkers in the untreated CLP group, comprising 14 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and 8 chemokines, growth factors, and granulocyte activation markers. Single CD14 or C5 blockade significantly inhibited 20 and 19 of the 22 biomarkers, respectively. Combined CD14 and C5 inhibition significantly reduced all 22 biomarkers (mean reduction 85%; range 54-95%) compared with the untreated CLP group. Double blockade was more potent than single treatment and was required to significantly inhibit IL-6 and CXCL1. Combined inhibition significantly reduced morbidity (motility and eyelid movement) and mortality measured over 10 d. In the positive control CLP group, median survival was 36 h (range 24-48 h). Combined treatment increased median survival to 96 h (range 24-240 h) (p = 0.001), whereas survival in the single-treatment groups was not significantly increased (median and range for anti-CD14 and anti-C5 treatment were 36 h [24-48 h] and 48 h [24-96 h]). Combined with standard intervention therapy, specific blockade of CD14 and C5 might represent a promising new therapeutic strategy for treatment of polymicrobial sepsis.
Catalytic carboxylation of fats. Carboxy acids and esters from monounsaturates (1973)

Abstract A highly selective catalytic, one‐step synthesis converts oleic acid into 9(10)‐carboxystearic acid in high yields (85–99%). Hydrocarboxylation with water and carbon monoxide under pressure (3000–4000 psi) is catalyzed with a mixture of palladium chloride and triphenylphosphine at 120–150 C with or without acetone or acetic acid solvents. Palladium supported on carbon is also an effective hydrocarboxylation catalyst in the presence of triphenylphosphine and HCl. Methyl 9(10)‐carbomethoxystearate was prepared by catalytic carbomethoxylation of methyl oleate with methanol and carbon monoxide but in lower yields. The carboxystearic acids and esters consisted of the 9 and 10 isomers (87–94%) in approximately equal proportions. This catalytic carboxylation procedure is a more efficient route to carboxystearic acid and ester than the two‐step hydroformylation‐oxidation process reported previously. Carboxylated acids, methyl esters and triglycerides of potential industrial importance have been prepared.