gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proximity Aware Routing in Ad Hoc Networks (2007)

Most of the existing routing protocols for ad hoc networks are designed to scale in networks of a few hundred nodes. They rely on state concerning all links of the network or links on the route between a source and a destination. This may result in poor scaling properties in larger mobile networks or when node mobility is high. Using location information to guide the routing process is one of the most often proposed means to achieve scalability in large mobile networks. However, location-based routing is difficult when there are holes in the network topology. We propose a novel position-based routing protocol called Proximity Aware Routing for Ad-hoc networks (PARA) to address these issues. PARA selects the next hop of a packet based on 2-hops neighborhood information. We introduce the concept of "proximity discovery". The knowledge of a node&rsquo;s 2-hops neighborhood enables the protocol to anticipate concave nodes and helps reduce the risks that the routing protocol will reach a concave node in the network. Our simulation results show that PARA&rsquo;s performance is better in sparse networks with little congestion. Moreover, PARA significantly outperforms GPSR for delivery ratio, transmission delay and path length. Our results also indicate that PARA delivers more packets than AODV under the same conditions.
Transport of Glycosides through Liquid Organic Membranes Mediated by Reversible Boronate Formation is a Diffusion-Controlled Process (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransport of Glycosides through Liquid Organic Membranes Mediated by Reversible Boronate Formation is a Diffusion-Controlled ProcessGregory T. Morin, Martin Patrick Hughes, Marie-France Paugam, and Bradley D. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 20, 8895–8901Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00099a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00099a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Full-spectrum cone sensitivity functions for X-chromosome-linked anomalous trichromats (1992)

We derived the cone fundamentals for X-chromosome-linked anomalous trichromats for the wavelength range of 400-700 nm. Pigment templates were constructed from the cone fundamentals of normal trichromats after correction for ocular media absorption. The resultant retinal-level sensitivities had small irregularities in the short-wavelength region that were smoothed. The pigment templates, expressed as quantal sensitivities, were then shifted on a frequency abscissa to solve for the lambda max of the pigments of anomalous trichromats needed to predict average anomaloscope matching data. We found that the protanomalous M- and L'-cone pigments are separated by 10 nm and the deuteranomalous M'- and L-cone pigments are separated by 6 nm (rounded to the nearest nanometer), where M and L indicate middle- and long-wavelength sensitive, respectively. The triads of peak wavelengths for the corneal energy-based sensitivities were as follows: normal: 440, 543, and 566 nm; protanomalous: 440, 543, and 553 nm; and deuteranomalous: 440, 560, and 566 nm.
La stimulation électrique au service du corps (2011)

En 1789, Luigi Galvani observa que les muscles de la cuisse d’une grenouille se contractaient lorsque le nerf les innervant etait mis en contact avec du metal. Les neuroprotheses exploitent ces proprietes pour creer une interface avec le systeme nerveux et restaurer des fonctions motrices et sensitives deficientes.
Aminated β‐1,3‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucan improves wound healing in diabetic <i>db</i>/<i>db</i> mice (2007)

Delayed wound healing in diabetes is caused by neuropathy, vascular changes, and impaired cellular response to the injury. Macrophages are crucial in normal wound healing, and impaired functions of these cells have been shown in diabetes. beta-1,3-D-glucans stimulate macrophage function. This open-label study was performed to see if aminated beta-1,3-D-glucan (AG) stimulates wound healing in diabetes. Four groups (1-4) of diabetic db/db mice and one nondiabetic control group, db/+(5) were studied: group 1 (n=11): topical AG; group 2 (n=10): topical AG and subcutaneous insulin; group 3 (n=14): topical placebo and subcutaneous insulin; group 4 (n=10): diabetic control (placebo); group 5 (n=12): normal control (placebo). At the end of the experiments fasting blood glucose and A1C were (mean +/- SE) as follows: Group 1: 30.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L and 11.3 +/- 0.6%; group 2: 12.0 +/- 1.7 mmol/L and 8.0 +/- 0.6%; group 3: 15.4 +/- 2.4 mmol/L and 7.4 +/- 0.3%; group 4: 32.6 +/- 2.6 mmol/L and 12.3 +/- 0.6%; group 5: 7.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L and 3.9 +/- 0.04%, respectively. The closed wound area was the same in group 1 (AG alone) and group 2 (AG plus insulin) after 17 days, 57.3 +/- 4.7 vs. 50.1 +/- 4.9% (p=0.7). The results of these two groups were superior to group 3 (insulin treatment alone, 32.0 +/- 4.3%, p<0.001) and diabetic controls (38.2 +/- 5.1%, p=0.001). The macrophage-stimulant AG improves wound healing in db/db mice.
Studies on drug metabolism by use of isotopes. XXI. Synthesis of 3-phenylpropyl carbamate labeled with deuterium and carbon-13, and physicochemical properties of these labeled drugs. (1978)

For the investigation of metabolism of 3-phenylpropyl carbamate in man, drugs labeled with deuterium and carbon-13 were synthesized. Physicochemical properties of labeled compounds, especially mass spectrometric behavior, were examined. The deuterium-hydrogen exchange reaction was observed in 3-phenylpropyl [arom.-d5] carbamate but in the case of carbon-13 labeled compounds, there was no isotope effect occurring in mass chamber. Calibration curve for dilution analysis was examined by use of methyl benzoate single-labeled with carbon-13 and linear correlation was obtained between 1 and 300 fold dilutions.
Usable speech measures and their fusion (2003)

Usable speech is a novel concept related to the co-channel speech problem. Co-channel speech occurs when more than one person is talking at the same time. The idea of usable speech is to identify and extract those portions of co-channel speech that are still useful for speech processing applications such as speaker identification or speech recognition, which do not work in cochannel environments. Usable speech measures are features that are extracted from the co-channel signal to detect the presence of usable as well as co-channel (unusable) speech. Several usable speech measures are currently being developed; however, these measures detect only about 75% of the usable speech. To improve on this performance, nonlinear estimation and Bayesian classification are used to fuse the information in two recently proposed usable speech measures. Using fusion resulted in a 15% increase in hits (usable speech frames detected) and a 37% decrease in false alarms.
Distributed Fiber-Optic Acoustic Sensor With Enhanced Response Bandwidth and High Signal-to-Noise Ratio (2017)

This paper proposes a novel distributed fiber-optic acoustic sensor, which can solve both the tradeoff between the maximum measurable distance and the spatial resolution, and that between the measurement distance and the vibration response bandwidth. The system is based on frequency-division-multiplexing time-gated digital optical frequency domain reflectometry, which consecutively injects linear-frequency-modulated probe pulses with different frequency ranges. Undersampling method is introduced to reduce the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter and the data size, which can reduce the cost of the system and facilitate real-time data processing. In experiments, two simultaneous vibrations with frequency up to 9 kHz are detected over the 24.7-km-long fiber, with a sign-to-noise ratio of 30 dB and spatial resolution of 10 m.
Detection of cell-cycle stage by fluorescence in situ hybridization: its application in human interphase cytogenetics (1992)

Distinct cell-cycle-dependent changes in the conformation of centromeric chromatin in a specific human chromosome containing alpha-satellite DNA have been demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This method, based upon specific FISH signal morphology, allows simultaneous analysis of chromosomal aneuploidy and detection of specific cell-cycle stage(s) of human tumor and/or normal cell populations in a single preparation of interphase cells. This interphase cytogenetic procedure might prove useful for both basic and clinical research involving human cells.
Fiber laser assisted machining of silicon nitride (2009)

Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) of ceramics is an important area of manufacturing to improve the material removal rate and provide more geometric features that can be economically added to fully dense blanks over conventional course, intermediate, and fine diamond grinding. The challenges associated with the machinability of these advanced ceramic materials, specifically silicon nitride (Si3N4), has lead to laboratory demonstrations with LAM with traditional lasers such as CO2 and ND:YAG. The advent of high power fiber diode lasers, offers a robust system that is suitable for industrial manufacturing environments. Bulk machining of Si3N4 requires the quantification of machining and laser settings that include but are not limited to the management of three dimensional temperature distributions due to surface energy absorption. With this understanding of thermal management, optimal conditions can then be tailored to specific ceramic systems. This work focuses on softening the glassy grain boundary phase of Si3N4 to produce a machineable surface without excessive tool wear or damage to the ceramic. This paper discusses improvements to the surface roughness and improved cutting techniques implemented in an industrial setting with the goal of economically machining other advance ceramics for the Energy and Transportation sectors among others.
Long-range Brillouin optical time-domain analysis sensor employing pulse coding techniques (2010)

In this paper we describe and implement a long-range Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) sensor, for both temperature and strain measurements, using optical pulse coding techniques. A theoretical analysis of Simplex coding applied to BOTDA systems is presented and experimentally demonstrated for both Brillouin loss and Brillouin gain configurations. With the proposed technique, ~7.1 dB and ~10.3 dB of signal-to-noise ratio improvements are demonstrated in BOTDA measurements using 127-bit and 511-bit Simplex codes, respectively. This feature allows us to extend the dynamic range of the measurements, overcoming the limitations to the maximum usable optical power imposed by pump depletion and modulation instability; thus, the sensing range can be extended by several tens of kilometers while keeping meter-scale spatial resolution. Experimental results show the capabilities of optical pulse coding techniques to achieve 1 m spatial resolution over 50 km of standard single-mode fiber enabling temperature and strain resolutions equal to 2.2 Â°C and 44 ÂµÎµ, respectively.
Studies on peptides. LXXX. NG-mesitylene-2-sulfonylarginine. (1978)

NG-mesitylene-2-sulfonylarginine was prepared. This protecting group was found to be quantitatively cleaved by hydrogen fluoride, methanesulfonic acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and partially by hydrogen bromide in acetic acid. As a side reaction, partial mesitylenesulfonylation of the phenolic group of tyrosine was noted. However this side reaction could be suppressed by cation scavengers, anisole-thioanisole-cresol (o) (1 : 1 : 1), in less than 4%.
Inaktivierende und mutagene Wirkung salpetriger Säure auf Zellen von Escherichia coli (1959)

Cells of E. coli B incubated with NaNO 2 undergo inactivation. In non-metabolizing cells the inactivation follows a two hit curve. In metabolizing cells the rate of inactivation is increased and the inactivation curve does not show two-hit kinetics. The rate of inactivation decreases with rising pH and decreasing NaNO 2 -concentration. Therefore nitrous acid appears to be the active substance. Nitrous acid proved to be a potent mutagen as shown by isolation of auxotrophic mutants. With an inactivation rate of 10 -4 about 1.4 per cent of the surviving cells were auxotrophs. The probability that this increase in mutants may be due to selection during inactivation of auxotrophs present before exposure was excluded experimentally. In none of 559 auxotrophic colonies grown from single cells which had survived contact with nitrous acid wild-type sectors were found. For metabolizing and nonmetabolizing cells the increase of the percentage of auxotrophic mutants with increasing time of exposure to HNO 2 followed a two-hit curve. In these experiments the percentage of induced mutants was independent of the different rate of inactivation caused by different states of metabolism and dependent only on the time of incubation with nitrous acid. The results are discussed as being in agreement with the assumption that in non-metabolizing cells nitrous acid acts directly on the cellular DNA leading to inactivation and mutation.
The design and performance of CMOS 256K bit DRAM devices (1984)

The design and performance of CMOS 256K bit dynamic random access memory devices with 256K/spl times/1 and 64K/spl times/4 output configurations are presented. An advanced CMOS technology, with device scaling to the HMOS-III level, is used to provide effective solutions to critical device and circuit problems in DRAM design and to offer features not previously implemented in NMOS designs. The cell and die area are 70 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/ and 253 mil /spl square/ (6.3 mm /spl square/), respectively. The typical row access time is less than 100 ns. The p-channel memory array used in this design improves the memory refresh characteristics and reduces the soft error rates. The use of static and clocked CMOS circuits provides lower active power, wide operating margins, microwatt standby power, and high column data bandwidth. The 256K bit devices are designed with two output modes, namely, ripplemode and static column mode, selected by a metal mask option.
The Dexamethasone-induced Inhibition of Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Glioma Cell Lines Is Antagonized by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and Can Be Enhanced by Specific MIF Inhibitors (2009)

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most frequent and malignant brain tumors in adults. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are routinely used in the treatment of GBMs for their capacity to reduce the tumor-associated edema. Few in vitro studies have suggested that GCs inhibit the migration and invasion of GBM cells through the induction of MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an endogenous GC antagonist is up-regulated in GBMs. Recently, MIF has been involved in tumor growth and migration/invasion and specific MIF inhibitors have been developed on their capacity to block its enzymatic tautomerase activity site. In this study, we characterized several glioma cell lines for their MIF production. U373 MG cells were selected for their very low endogenous levels of MIF. We showed that dexamethasone inhibits the migration and invasion of U373 MG cells, through a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)- dependent inhibition of the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway. Oppositely, we found that exogenous MIF increases U373 MG migration and invasion through the stimulation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway and that this activation is CD74 independent. Finally, we used the Hs 683 glioma cells that are resistant to GCs and produce high levels of endogenous MIF, and showed that the specific MIF inhibitor ISO-1 could restore dexamethasone sensitivity in these cells. Collectively, our results indicate an intricate pathway between MIF expression and GC resistance. They suggest that MIF inhibitors could increase the response of GBMs to corticotherapy.
SRAC: Simultaneous Ranging and Communication in UWB Networks (2019)

Ultra-wideband signals have been used for accurate ranging and localization application during the last few years. State of the art UWB ranging applications can estimate the distances with less than a 5 cm error. Existing localization solutions create their own ranging traffic. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of piggybacking the information required by ranging application over existing network traffic. In addition, we study the feasibility of piggybacking of sensing information over ranging traffic and finally, we propose our technique for Simultaneous Ranging and Communication (SRAC) in UWB networks which adaptively changes the ranging mode from active to passive by using either ranging traffic or sensing traffic to accomplish the ranging and sensing goals while reducing the network traffic to minimum possible. We integrated our proposed solution to RIOT operating system and evaluated its performance over a mesh of UWB-enabled nodes. Our results indicate almost 40% reduction in network traffic.
Optimal downlink power assignment for smart antenna systems (2002)

Smart antenna systems have the potential to substantially increase the range of base stations and boost the SINR of signals. In this paper, we study several criteria in downlink weighting vector design which is key to exploit the full potential of smart antenna systems, and give the optimal power assignment when the orientations of the weighting vectors are known. Simulation results have shown significant improvement offered by the proposed optimal power assignment method. In particular, we can equalize each user's downlink performance by significantly reducing the output power. Since the power amplifiers at the base station are the most expensive subsystems, this approach can lead to significant cost reduction for a base station.
Unsupervised face recognition from image sequences (2002)

We propose a novel method for unsupervised face recognition from time-varying sequences of face images obtained in real-world environments. The method utilizes the higher level of sensory variation contained in the input image sequences to autonomously organize the data in an incrementally built graph structure, without relying on category-specific information provided in advance. This is achieved by "chaining" together similar views across the spatio-temporal facial manifolds by two types of connecting edges depending on a local measure of similarity. Experiments with real-world data gathered over a period of several months and including both frontal and side-view faces from 17 different subjects were used to test the method, achieving a correct self-organization rate of 88.6%. The proposed method can be used in video surveillance systems or for content-based information retrieval.
Reliable adaptable Network RAM (2008)

We present reliability solutions for adaptable network RAM systems running on general-purpose clusters. Network RAM allows nodes with over-committed memory to swap pages over the network, storing them in the idle RAM of other nodes and avoiding swapping to slow, local disk. An adaptable network RAM system adjusts the amount of RAM currently available for storing remotely swapped pages in response to changes in nodespsila local RAM usage. It is important that network RAM systems provide reliability for remotely swapped page data. Without reliability, a single node failure can result in failure of unrelated processes running on other nodes by losing their remotely swapped pages. Adaptable network RAM systems pose extra difficulties in providing reliability because each nodepsilas capacity for storing remotely swapped pages changes over time, and because pages may move from node to node in response to these changes. Our novel dynamic RAID-based reliability solutions use idle RAM for storing page and reliability data, avoiding using slow disk for reliability. They are designed to work with the adaptive nature of our network RAM system (Nswap), allowing page and reliability data to migrate from node to node and allowing pages to be added to or removed from different parity groups. Additionally, page recovery runs concurrently with cluster applications, so that cluster applications do not have to wait until all data from a failed node is recovered before resuming execution. We present results comparing Nswap to disk swapping for a set of benchmarks running on our gigabit cluster. Our results show that reliable Nswap is up to 32 times faster than swapping to disk, and that there is virtually no impact on the performance of applications as they run concurrently with page recovery.
Self-assembling of TEMPO Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils As Affected by Protonation of Surface Carboxyls and Drying Methods (2016)

Self-assembling of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) as affected by varying extent of protonation on C6 surface carboxyls was investigated under freeze-drying and air-drying processes. Surface carboxyls were protonated from 10.3 to 100%, all on the same TEMPO oxidized and mechanically blended CNFs with identical geometries and level of oxidation. Upon freeze-drying, all CNFs assembled into amphiphilic mass. The mostly charged CNFs assembled into the finest and most uniform fibers (ϕ = 137 nm) that absorbed significantly more nonpolar toluene than water; whereas the fully protonated CNFs assembled extensively into porous and more thermally stable ultrathin filmlike structures that absorbed water and toluene similarly. Ultrafiltration and air-drying induced cyrstallization led to more thermally stable, semitransparent, and hydrophilic films that showed no affinity toward nonpolar toluene. In essence, CNFs could be tuned by varying the degree of surface carboxyl protonation, along with drying processes, to create fibrous to film morphologies, amphiphic to hydrophilic properties, and higher thermal stability.
Gas Discharge Lamps for Electrophotographic Exposure (1976)

The multitude of uses for lamps in the various steps of the xerographic process are enumerated. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of gas-discharge lamps for exposure, with their requirement of spectral control and adequate radiant power. The characteristics of various types of lamps are considered and the existence of a trouble-some ``power gap'' is uncovered. The efficient performance of low-pressure arcs (such as fluorescent and low-pressure sodium lamps) is limited to low powers by electron de-excitation in the presence of self-absorption. On the other hand, high-pressure arc lamps perform efficiently at high powers, but it is difficult to operate these lamps at lower powers in the ``power gap'' because of a complex set of interrelated reasons. Lamp designs which may fill this power gap are discussed. The radiant emission from various lamps is considered as well as techniques for manipulating the spectra, particularly the use of metallic halide additives. Overall, a major problem is that commercially available lamps reservice are designed for general illumination purposes while the electrophotographic requirements are different and more demanding.