gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Plasticisation Effect of Glycerol and Water on the Gelatinisation of Wheat Starch (2003)

Abstract In the extrusion manufacture of starch‐based thermoplastics, such as biodegradable packaging materials, glycerol is an effective additive as a plasticiser, that is, to diminish the brittle nature of the product and provide the desired extent of flexibility. However, the addition of glycerol may also affect the gelatinisation behaviour of the starchwater mixture, and hence the required processing conditions for producing a homogeneously gelatinised starch‐based material. The effect of glycerol on the gelatinisation of wheat starch was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mixtures of starch, water and glycerol were investigated with a water content ranging from 12 — 40% and a glycerol concentration up to 75%. Dependent on composition, the enthalpy of gelatinisation ranged from 1.7 — 12.6 J/g (on a dry starch basis), while the onset and peak temperatures varied from 54 to 86 °C and 60 to 90 °C, respectively. As expected, water acted as a plasticiser in that the onset temperature for gelatinisation ( T 0 ) decreased with increasing moisture content. Glycerol, however, increased T 0 . It is shown that the T 0 of starch‐glycerol‐water mixtures may be predicted on the basis of the effective moisture content of the starch fraction of these mixtures resulting from the relative speed of moisture absorption by glycerol and starch, respectively. Moisture sorption kinetics of wheat starch and glycerol in 100% relative humidity were determined and used to predict the preferential water absorption by glycerol in starch‐glycerol‐water mixtures and hence the resulting T 0 of the system.
Potential Use of Selective and Nonselective Pim Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTPotential Use of Selective and Nonselective Pim Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer TherapyMiniperspectiveDenis Drygin†, Mustapha Haddach‡, Fabrice Pierre§, and David M. Ryckman*†View Author Information† Cylene Pharmaceuticals, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, United States‡ HTK Corporation, 5218 Rivergrade Road, Irwindale, California 91706, United States§ 3244 Caminito Eastbluff, Apt 40, La Jolla, California 92037, United States*Phone: +1 858 875 5114. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2012, 55, 19, 8199–8208Publication Date (Web):August 27, 2012Publication History Received29 June 2012Published online4 September 2012Published inissue 11 October 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm3009234https://doi.org/10.1021/jm3009234review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2812Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cancer,Inhibition,Inhibitors,Molecules,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Color Data Coding for Three-Dimensional Mesh Models Considering Connectivity and Geometry Information (2006)

In this paper, we propose a new predictive coding scheme for color data of three-dimensional (3-D) mesh models. We exploit connectivity and geometry information to improve coding efficiency. After ordering all vertices in a 3-D mesh model with a connectivity coding technique, we propose a geometry predictor to compress the color data efficiently. The predicted color can be obtained by a weighted sum of reconstructed colors for adjacent vertices using both angles and distances between the current vertex and adjacent vertices. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides enhanced coding efficiency over previous works for various 3-D mesh models
[The relationship between opportune administration of antibiotics and infection after burn injury: an experimental study]. (1994)

45 male rabbits with 15% III degree burn were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They were divided into three groups: the prevention group, in which cpz (cefoperazone) was immediately administered after the scald at the dose of 25 mg/kg with an interval of 1/12 h for a total of 4 doses; the treatment group, in which cpz was administered 48 th after the scald with the dosage same as above; control group in which cpz was not administered. The findings were as follows: In the prevention group, gross observation showed dessication and crustation of the surface of the wound within 1 week after the scald. By employing immunofluorescent antibody it was found that P. A existed only in the superficial layer. However, ulceration and exudation were found in the control and treatment group within 3 or 4 days after the scald, and P. A was shown to have invaded the deep muscular tissue to cause intermuscular septal abscess. The positive rate of blood culture of bacteria in the prevention group (10/81) was significantly lower than that of the treatment (15/57) and the control groups (21/76, P < 0.05). The death rate of the prevention group (2/15) was significantly lower than that of the treatment (10/15) and the control groups (9/15, P < 0.05). The above finding showed that antibiotics specific to the infectious organism of the wound in extensive burn patients should be given in the early exudation stage in order to ward off invasive infection.
Solid-State Characterization of Candesartan Cilexetil (TCV-116): Crystal Structure and Molecular Mobility. (1999)

Two polymorphs (form I, form II) and amorphous form of candesartan cilexetil ((±)-1-(cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]-1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylate; TCV-116) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), IR spectroscopy, and solid-state NMR. The molecular motion of TCV-116 in three forms was investigated by solid-state NMR, and signals due to the terminal cyclohexane ring of TCV-116 in form II were affected by temperature, whereas those in form I were scarcely affected. At lower (-89°C) and higher temperature (80°C), sharp signals due to the cyclohexane ring in form II were observed, whereas shallow signals were observed in the medium temperature range. These results indicated that the cyclohexane ring in form II presumably existed as the stable conformer : the chair form at lower temperature, and the chair form-chair form conformational change occurred at higher temperature. At the medium temperature, the broad and weak signals assigned to the cyclohexane ring in form II were presumably due to the flip-flop motion (correlation time being 10-4-10-5s) between the chair and boat forms. Results from the X-ray diffraction pattern and the crystal density also suggested that "free volume" for the flexible motion of the cyclohexane ring was present for form II.
Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry. Edited by Justin D. Call, Eleanor Galenson and Robert L. Tyson. London: Harper & Row. 1983. Pp 477. £22.00. (1984)

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Graphical programming : a tutorial for HP VEE (1995)

I. HP VEE FUNDAMENTALS. 1. Using the HP VEE Development Environment. Overview. The Development Environment Components. Using Menus. Saving Your Work, Exiting HP VEE, and Restarting Your Program. Helping Yourself. Using Objects. Object Pins and Terminals. Connecting Objects to Make Programs. Conserving Screen Space. Chapter 1 Checklist. 2. Creating a Simple Test Program. Overview. Easy Text Documentation of Your Program. Using Online Help and Debugging Tools. Chapter 2 Checklist. 3. Two Easy Ways To Control Instruments. Overview. Using an Instrument Driver. Using Direct I/O. The Instrument Driver Monitor. Other I/O Features. Chapter 3 Checklist. 4. Analyzing and Displaying Test Data. Overview. HP VEE Data Types. HP VEE Analysis Capabilities. Using Math Objects. Using the Formula Object. Display Capabilities. Customizing Displays. Chapter 4 Checklist. 5. Storing and Retrieving Test Results. Overview. Using Arrays to Store Test Results. Using the To/From File Objects. Using Records to Store Mixed Data Types. Using DataSets to Store and Retrieve Records. Customizing a Simple Test Database. Chapter 5 Checklist. II. COMMON TASKS USING HP VEE. 6. Generating Reports Easily. Overview. Using Spreadsheets With HP VEE. Chapter 6 Checklist. 7. Integrating Programs In Other Languages. Overview. Understanding the Execute Program Object. Chapter 7 Checklist. 8. Using HP VEE Functions. Overview. Merging HP VEE Programs. Using Functions. Using Libraries With HP VEE User Functions. Chapter 8 Checklist. 9. Test Sequencing. Overview. Using the Sequencer Object. Chapter 9 Checklist. 10. Creating Operator Interfaces. Overview. Key Points Concerning Operator Interfaces. Common Tasks In Creating Operator Interfaces. Chapter 10 Checklist. 11. Optimizing HP VEE Programs. Overview. Basic Techniques for Optimizing Programs. Optimizing With Compiled Functions (HP-UX and SunOS). Chapter 11 Checklist. 12. Writing Instrument Drivers. Overview. Chapter 12 Checklist. 13. Using HP VEE Features Unique to MS Windows. Overview. Differences Between HP VEE for Windows and HP VEE for UNIX. Using Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE). Using Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs). Chapter 13 Checklist. 14. Using HP VEE Features Unique to HP-UX. Overview. Communicating with HP BASIC/UX Programs. Using Remote Test Capabilties. Chapter 14 Checklist. Appendix A: Ordering and Configuration Information. HP VEE Site Licenses. HP VEE for Windows. HP VEE-Test for HP-UX. HP VEE for Sun. DT VEE for Windows. Where to Order HP VEE. Where to Order DT VEE. Appendix B: Additional Lab Exercises. General Programming Techniques. Using Masks. Using Strings and Globals. Optimizing Techniques. UserObjects. HP VEE User Functions. Operator Panels. Working with Files. Moving Data To and From Files. Records. Test Sequencing. Instrument Drivers. Compiled Functions (HP-UX).
Enhanced non-intrusive objective speech quality measure for telephony systems (2005)

An enhanced version of a single-ended measure for non-intrusive assessment of speech quality for telephony applications is described and its performance evaluated. The new measure, which uses only the output of the system, is based on measuring perception-based objective auditory distances between voiced parts of the processed speech whose quality is to be evaluated to appropriately matching references extracted from one of four pre-formulated reference books, depending on their estimated pitch values. The reference books are formed by optimally clustering large number of parametric speech vectors extracted from a database of clean speech records. The measured auditory distances are then mapped into objective listening quality scores (MOS_LQO). The required clustering and matching process was achieved using a K dimensional tree structure (KD-tree). The short-time Bark spectrum analysis is used in order to achieve perception-based, speaker-independent parametric representation of the speech. Reported evaluation results show that the proposed enhanced speech quality assessment method provides quality scores that are highly correlated with MOS_LQS obtained by formal subjective listening tests.
1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene hydrobromide perbromide: a new mild stable brominating agent for aromatic compounds (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene hydrobromide perbromide: a new mild stable brominating agent for aromatic compoundsHussni A. MuathenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 9, 2740–2741Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00035a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00035a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1371Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Riblets in Turbulent Flow Regimes of 2-D Compressor Blades (2009)

The application of riblets to compressor blades is investigated. A rolling technique is developed which is able to produce riblets on the surface of titanium alloy workpieces and possesses several advantages concerning the durability of the final blade. The rolling process generates a strain hardening of the rim zone and a deformation of the micro structure which improves the durability of the riblets. Furthermore, compressive residual stresses are induced below the riblet valleys reducing or even compensating the extra tensile stresses caused by the notch effect during bending stress. The reduction of skin friction due to the produced riblet surface is determined by numerical flow simulations in zero-pressure gradient flow. Based on the data of a controlled diffusion airfoil (CDA) strategies to distribute riblets along the blade surface are discussed under consideration of the local shear stress. A new strategy following the idea of stepwise adapted riblets along the surface is presented. The amount of total drag reduction which could be gained by this novel strategy is estimated.
Reading between lines (2015)

Given the penetration of mobile devices equipped with cameras, there has been increasing interest in enabling user interaction via visual codes. Simple examples like QR Codes abound. Since many codes like QR Codes are visually intrusive, various mechanisms have been explored to design visual codes that can be hidden inside regular images or videos, though the capacity of these codes remains low to ensure invisibility. We argue, however, that high capacity while maintaining invisibility would enable a vast range of applications that embed rich contextual information in video screens.
Metabolism of Triiodothyroacetic Acid (TA<sub>3</sub>) in Rat Liver. II. Deiodination and Conjugation of TA<sub>3</sub>by Rat Hepatocytes and in Rats<i>in Vivo</i>* (1989)

The hepatic metabolism of 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid (TA3), a naturally occurring side-chain analog of T3, was studied in vitro and in vivo. Metabolites were quantified by HPLC after Sephadex LH-20 prepurification of samples obtained after incubation of [125I]TA3 or 3,[3'-125I]diiodothyroacetic acid (3,[3'-125I]TA2) with isolated rat hepatocytes under various conditions or after iv administration of [125I]TA3 to normal or 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-treated rats. In protein-free incubations with hepatocytes, TA3 glucuronide (TA3G) and I- were normally the main TA3 products, i.e. 44% and 49%, respectively. In the presence of the type I deiodinase inhibitor PTU, the I- production from added TA3 decreased to 3%, and TA3 sulfate (TA3S) increased from 2-14%. Normally, 3,3'-TA2 was converted to I-, but in the presence of PTU 3,3'-TA2S was produced. In SO4(2-)-depleted cultures incubated with TA3 or 3,3'-TA2, production of I- was diminished, and the glucoronides of the substrates and the deiodinated products were generated. If both sulfation and deiodination were inhibited, TA3 and 3,3'-TA2 were cleared completely via glucuronidation. The metabolism of TA3 and especially 3,3'-TA2 was greatly retarded in cultures with 0.1% BSA. PTU treatment of TA3-injected rats reduced plasma I- levels 6-fold, increased plasma sulfates 2.6-fold, but did not affect plasma TA3 clearance. Biliary excretion of radioactivity until 4 h after [125I]TA3 injection amounted to 55% of the dose in controls vs. 85% in PTU-treated rats. In both groups, an unknown metabolite X was detected in serum and its sulfate conjugate XS in bile. The mean percent distribution of TA3G/TA3S/XS in bile amounted to 70:8:13 in control and 57:22:12 in PTU rats. In conclusion, TA3 is effectively metabolized in rat liver by glucuronidation and subsequent biliary excretion of TA3G, which may explain its rapid in vivo clearance relative to T3. Furthermore, a significant proportion of TA3 is deiodinated by the type I deiodinase, either directly or after prior sulfation.
Bioinspired dual self-folding of single polymer chains via reversible hydrogen bonding (2011)

With the long term aim of preparing synthetic macromolecules that mimic the folding actions of natural biomacromolecules, a single synthetic polymer chain containing two distinct and orthogonal hydrogen bonding recognition motifs has been synthesized using an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and orthogonal ligation strategy. The hydrogen bonding recognition units, based on both three-point thymine (Thy)–diaminopyridine (DAP) and six-point cyanuric acid (CA)–Hamilton wedge (HW) interactions, induced—at low concentrations—a single chain self-folding process. The self-assembly process was monitored—initially between small molecule models—by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, revealing full orthogonality of the two recognition pairs, HW–CA and Thy–DAP. Dynamic as well as static light scattering (DLS and SLS) analyses of the macromolecular self-assembly systems provide unambiguous evidence for the hydrogen-bonding interactions between both the Thy–DAP and CA–HW units leading to well-defined dual point single chain self-folding, indicating that more complex single chain self-assemblies based on synthetic polymers should be able to mimic—on a simplified level—the folding actions of natural biomacromolecules. The reversibility of the self-folding action depends on temperature as confirmed via1H-NMR spectroscopy in [D2]tetrachloroethane.
Ultrastructural Characterization of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (Strain 17) Temperature-sensitive Mutants (1983)

We report the ultrastructural features associated with wild-type and temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant infection at non-permissive temperature for each of 18 herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (strain 17) ts mutants. The mutants were classified by their ability to induce nucleocapsid-related structures: class I failed to induce any, class II induced empty and partially filled structures while class III induced all of the identified structures including those containing an electron-dense core. The time when expression of the ts lesion blocked virus replication was estimated for most mutants; this allows both mutant gene expression and the resulting ultrastructural features to be correlated with the sequence of virus replicative events. Three ts mutant-triggered features not previously described in HSV-1-infected cells were also recognized: a modification of rough endoplasmic reticulum, intranuclear accumulation of enveloped virus particles and cytoplasmic accumulation of novel doughnut-shaped particles having a concentric double ring appearance in thin section.
Unique Oxygen Analyzer Combining a Dual Emission Probe and a Low-Cost Solid-State Ratiometric Fluorometer (2000)

A new oxygen analyzer combining a polymer-encapsulated dual-emission probe and a diode-based ratiometric fluorometer is described. The ratiometric fluorometer was configured to measure the relative fluorescence and phosphorescence intensity of the short-lived singlet and long-lived oxygen-quenchable triplet of [(dppe)Pt{S 2 C 2 (CH 2 CH 2 –N–2-pyridinium)}](BPh 4 ), where dppe is 1,2- bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane. This luminescent dye was immobilized at 0.3% by weight in cellulose acetate/75% triethylcitrate and cast into a 0.5 mm-thick film. The dye molecule was excited with a blue light-emitting diode (LED) and the singlet and triplet emissions monitored by individual photodiodes at 570 and 680 nm, respectively. Oxygen can be accurately measured without interference from nonanalyte-induced intensity changes by monitoring the relative output of the two photodiodes. The output of the device was linear with oxygen concentration. The PO 2 (1/2) from the ratio-adapted Stern–Volmer plot was 9.6% oxygen (≈73 torr), offering a dynamic range of 0–90% O 2 . The device is stable and the oxygen measurements reproducible. Intentional photobleaching of ≈20% of the sensor dye had little effect upon the reproducibility of the oxygen measurements.
LPCVD of Silicon Nitride from Dichlorosilane and Ammonia by Single Wafer Rapid Thermal Processing (2001)

We have developed a single wafer rapid thermal processing (RTP) module for low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) of silicon nitride. Nitride films were grown from dichlorosilane (DCS) and ammonia at 740°C under a pressure of 0.5 Torr. The gas flows of 25:75 sccm provided films 40 Å thick in 1 min. Successive 25 wafer runs resulted in consistent average thickness and uniformity (below 1.0% 1σ). The within wafer thickness range (max-min) was less than 2 Å. Conformal coverage over nonplanar substrates was also demonstrated. The hot-wall reactor configuration suppresses the condensation of byproduct. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Dimerization of the Muscle-specific Kinase Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Acetylcholine Receptors and Their Aggregation on the Surface of Myotubes (1998)

During development of the neuromuscular junction, neuronal splice variants of agrin initiate the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors on the myotube surface. The muscle-specific kinase is thought to be part of an agrin receptor complex, although the recombinant protein does not bind agrin with high affinity. To specify its function, we induced phosphorylation and activation of this kinase in the absence of agrin by incubating myotubes with antibodies directed against its N-terminal sequence. Antibody-induced dimerization of the muscle-specific kinase but not treatment with Fab fragments was sufficient to trigger two key events of early postsynaptic development: acetylcholine receptors accumulated into aggregates, and their beta-subunits became phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Heparin partially inhibited receptor aggregation induced by both agrin and anti-muscle-specific kinase antibodies. In contrast, it did not affect kinase or acetylcholine receptor phosphorylation. These data indicate that agrin induces postsynaptic differentiation by dimerizing the muscle-specific kinase. They also suggest that activation of the kinase domain can account for only part of agrin's effects. Dimerization of this molecule appears to activate an additional signal, most likely by organizing a scaffold for other postsynaptic proteins.