gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Library book intelligent recommendation system based on artificial intelligence (2021)

In order to improve the accuracy of intelligent recommendation of library books, an intelligent recommendation system of library books based on artificial intelligence was designed. The system uses artificial intelligence technology to clean up and normalize the data, automatically extracts the user’s historical evaluation data of books, divides the whole user space into several similar user clusters through the similar user clustering module, constructs the user book evaluation matrix according to the historical evaluation data, and uses the hybrid collaborative filtering algorithm which integrates user based and project-based to predict each user a book evaluation matrix of similar user clusters was used to realize the intelligent recommendation of library books, and the recommendation results were displayed to users through the user interface module. The results show that the average absolute error and root mean square error of the system are always the lowest, and the recommendation accuracy is high. When the control parameter is 0.4, the best intelligent book recommendation effect can be obtained; the recommended recall rate is not affected by the sparse density of the data set, and the stability is strong.
Thermodynamic properties of ligand binding by monoclonal anti-fluorescyl antibodies (1986)

The effects of temperature on the binding of fluorescein by three monoclonal anti-fluorescyl antibodies (4-4-20, 20-19-1, and 20-20-3) were assessed by measurements of affinity constants (Ka) over a temperature range of 2-70 degrees C. Values for Ka were determined from the degree of ligand association by using fluorescence methodology. Curvilinear van't Hoff plots (ln Ka vs. T-1) were observed for all three antibodies, indicating that their standard enthalpy changes (delta Ho) were temperature dependent. This phenomenon was further investigated by plotting the changes in unitary free energy (delta Gu), standard enthalpy (delta Ho), and unitary entropy (delta Su) vs. temperature. Strong temperature dependencies were observed for enthalpy and entropy values, while free energy plots were only weakly dependent on temperature. At low temperatures (4 degrees C), entropy played a major role in the binding of fluorescein by all three antibodies, while enthalpy dominated at higher temperatures. This was a consequence of the negative heat capacity changes (delta Cpo approximately equal to -320 cal K-1 mol-1) observed for these antibodies, which produced a negative trend in both enthalpy and entropy values with increasing temperature. The negative heat capacity values also indicated that the hydrophobic effect was instrumental in the binding of fluorescein. Entropy changes were lower than expected for hydrophobic binding alone, suggesting that other forces were acting to mitigate the hydrophobic effect. One possibility was that the binding of fluorescein acted to restrain vibrational fluctuations in the active-site region, producing negative changes in both heat capacity and entropy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optical transitions in strained In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As/In/sub 1-x/Ga/sub x/As quantum wells (1992)

Experimental and theoretical characterization of a series of strained InGaAs/InGaAs quantum well heterostructures is presented. Measurements of X-ray diffraction on calibrated pairs of samples are in excellent agreement with simulated X-ray spectra and provide precise values for compositions and layer thicknesses. With these parameters, the authors have calculated the light- and heavy-hole to electron transition wavelengths, taking into account quantum confinement effects and the influence of strain on the strained-layer bandgap and on the band offset at the lattice-mismatched heterointerface. These calculated bandgaps are in good agreement with the measured room temperature photoluminescence spectra.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Deployment of the National Transparent Optical Network around the San Francisco Bay Area (1996)

We report on the deployment and initial operation of the National Transparent Optical Network, an experimental WDM network testbed around the San Francisco Bay Area, during the Optical Fiber Conference (OFC`96) held in San Jose, CA. The deployment aspects of the physical plant, optical and SONET layers are examined along with a discussion of broadband applications which utilized the network during the OFC`96 demonstration. The network features dense WDM technology, transparent optical routing technology using acousto- optic tunable filter based switches, and network modules with add/drop, multicast, and wavelength translation capabilities. The physical layer consisted of over 300 km of Sprint and Pacific Bell conventional single mode fiber which was amplified with I I optical amplifiers deployed in pre-amp, post-amp, and line amp configurations. An out-of-band control network provided datacom channels from remote equipment sites to the SONET network manager deployed at the San Jose Convention Center for the conference. Data transport over five wavelengths was achieved in the 1550 nm window using a variety of signal formats including analog and digital signal transmission on different wavelengths on the same fiber. The network operated throughout the week of OFC`96 and is still in operation today.
Fire-fighter: a decision support system for fire management (2002)

Fire-fighter acts as an intelligent assistant for the on-scene commander of a fire emergency on a naval vessel. Given a ship's model with information of the configuration, contents, fire-fighting resources, and some fire-specific knowledge, Fire-fighter will develop a fire management plan to suppress the fire. Fire-fighter is based on script-based planning. Scripts are skeleton plans which are similar in concept to contingency plans for emergencies. The known situation data is used to instantiate the skeleton plan. Fire-fighter interleaves planning, execution, and monitoring to better react to a changing environment. To measure the success of its emergency actions, Fire-fighter will monitor the progress of the plan. When actions fail or appear to be failing replanning will commence. In a hazardous environment, care must be taken to safely replan. Fire-fighter uses domain-dependent knowledge to determine why goals are not being met. Once the cause of failure is known, one can determine where to alter the plan and the appropriate steps to take.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A hybrid control approach for low temperature combustion engine control (2011)

In this paper, a hybrid control approach for low temperature combustion engines is presented. The identification as well as the controller design are demonstrated. In order to identify piecewise affine models, we propose to use correlation clustering algorithms, which are developed and used in the field of data mining. We outline the identification of the low temperature combustion engine from measurement data based on correlation clustering. The output of the identified model reproduces the measurement data of the engine very well. Based on this piecewise affine model of the process, a hybrid model predictive controller is considered. It can be shown that the hybrid controller is able to produce better control results than a model predictive controller using a single linear model. The main advantage is that the hybrid controller is able to manage the system characteristics of different operating points for each prediction step.
Beam collimation of high-power laser diode array with graded-index fiber lens array (2008)

Graded-index (GRIN) fiber lens arrays are fabricated from commercial GRIN fibers to collimate a high-power laser diode array. The beam divergence angles are reduced to 4.2 and 14.7 mrad in the fast and slow axes, respectively. The influences of smile and fluctuation in fiber length are discussed. Using an aspherical focal lens system, about 74% power can be launched into a fiber with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.22 and a core diameter of 400 µm.
<i>Science Signaling</i> Podcast: 8 July 2014 (2014)

A nutrient-sensing kinase inhibits the decay of transcripts encoding proteins that allow cells to utilize nonglucose carbon sources.
Follow-up of neonatal jaundice in term and late premature newborns (2007)

Our results suggest that the regime adopted is effective for detecting and preventing hyperbilirubinemia at risk of causing bilirubin-induced encephalopathy in term and near term newborn infants.
Homomorphic factorization of BRDF-based lighting computation (2002)

Several techniques have been developed to approximate Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDF) with acceptable quality and performance for realtime applications. The recently published Homomorphic Factorization by McCool et al. is a general approximation approach that can be used with various setups and for different quality requirements.In this paper we propose a new technique based on the Homomorphic Factorization. Instead of approximating the BRDF, our technique factorizes the full lighting computation of an isotropic BRDF in a global illumination scenario. With this method materials in complex lighting situations can be simulated with only two textures by using commonly available computation capabilities of current graphics hardware.The new technique can also be considered as a generalized approach to several environment map prefiltering techniques. Existing prefiltering techniques are usually limited to specific BRDFs or require advanced hardware capabilities like 3D texturing. With the factorization only common 2D textures are required.
Automated cell manipulation: Robotic ICSI (2011)

This paper is the first report of robotic ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection). ICSI is a clinical procedure performed worldwide in fertility clinics, requiring pick-up of a single sperm and insert it into oocyte (i.e., an egg cell). Since its invention 20 years ago, ICSI has been conducted manually by a handful of highly skilled embryologists; however, success rates vary significantly among clinics due to poor reproducibility and inconsistency across operators. We leverage our work in robotic cell injection to realize robotic ICSI and aim ultimately, to standardize how clinical ICSI is performed. This paper presents some of the technical aspects of our robotic ICSI system, including a cell holding device and motion control and computer vision algorithms. The system performs visual tracking of single sperm, robotic immobilization of sperm, aspiration of sperm with pico-liter volume, and insertion of sperm into an oocyte with a high degree of reproducibility. The system requires minimal human involvement (requiring only a few computer mouse clicking), and is human operator skill independent. Using the hamster oocyte-human sperm model in preliminary trials, the robotic system demonstrated a high success rate of 90.0% and survival rate of 90.7% (n=120).
Dual Stewart Platform Mobility Simulator (2005)

The paper presents the simulation and modeling of gait on a system using two prototype compact Stewart platforms. Control issues raised by the reduced size of the robots and hence their lower power output are discussed. The flexible haptic material concept is introduced and used to realistically model heterogeneous haptic surfaces simulating the virtual ground. An algorithm for virtual foot/virtual surface contact modeling and transforming the platform motion into walking in VEs is also presented.
Computer-Assisted Spectroscopic Analysis Using Orthonormalized Reference Spectra. Part I: Application to Mixtures (1986)

A new method for the spectroscopic analysis of mixtures is presented. The method involves computing the projections of the mixture spectrum in the space spanned by an orthonormal reference library. The use of orthonormalized reference spectra results in a significant reduction in the amount of computation involved in the direct spectroscopic analysis of mixtures.
Melatonin rhythms in Arctic urban residents (1994)

The 24-hr rhythm of salivary melatonin was measured in persons living in the city of Tromsø (70 degrees N) at the following times of the year: in January at a day length of 2 hr of twilight, in June under continuous sunshine, and in March and September at about 12 hr light and 12 hr darkness. The hormone patterns varied widely between individuals, but, in general, they were consistent within most individuals between the seasons. Highest peak values occurred in January when the mean level was also significantly higher than at any other time of year. The lowest mean levels occurred in June. Although individual rhythms were not always apparent, the mean patterns showed significantly elevated melatonin concentrations during the night at all seasons. The June melatonin peak was similar to that in March and September, but appeared to be phase-delayed with increased melatonin concentrations from midnight until 0900. It is assumed that the delayed melatonin peak in June may be associated with a tendency among people to shift their activity/rest rhythm and that the pineal sensitivity to light is reduced in the morning in summer.
Locality analysis to control dynamically way-adaptable caches (2004)

This paper presents a control mechanism for dynamically way-adaptable caches. The mechanism uses the local and global information about the locality of reference during execution. As the local information, the cache access pattern is evaluated based on the statistics of the LRU (Least-Recently Used) states of cache entries referenced. If the memory accesses are concentrated on and near the most recently used entries, the mechanism knows that the locality of reference is very high and there is room to decrease the number of ways activated to fit the current locality. On the other hand, if the accesses are widely distributed from the most recently used entries to the least recently used ones, the mechanism understands that more ways are needed to improve the performance as long as the resources are available. In addition, to examine the global behavior of the locality of reference, an n-bit state machine like n-bit branch predictors is introduced into the mechanism. The state machine traces a sequence of cache resizing requests and evaluates its stability across the execution time. Therefore, the state machine helps the mechanism avoid unstable actions for enabling/disabling cache ways when the locality shows the highly irregular behavior. The experimental results indicate that an n-bit asymmetric state machine using the LRU status information works well to appropriately control cache ways even in the case of the benchmarks with highly-irregular access behaviors in cache references.
CHEMICALLY MODIFIED TETRACYCLINE PREVENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEPTIC SHOCK AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME IN A CLINICALLY APPLICABLE PORCINE MODEL (2005)

Sepsis causes more than with 215,000 deaths per year in the United States alone. Death can be caused by multiple system organ failure, with the lung, in the form of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often being the first organ to fail. We developed a chronic porcine model of septic shock and ARDS and hypothesized that blocking the proteases neutrophil elastase (NE) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) with the modified tetracycline, COL-3, would significantly improve morbidity in this model. Pigs were anesthetized and instrumented for hemodynamic monitoring and were then randomized to one of three groups: control (n = 3), laparotomy only; superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMA) + fecal blood clot (FC; n = 7), with intraperitoneal placement of a FC; and SMA + FC + COL (n = 5), ingestion of COL-3 12 h before injury. Animals emerged from anesthesia and were monitored and treated with fluids and antibiotics in an animal intensive care unit continuously for 48 h. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were sampled and bacterial cultures, MMP-2, MMP-9, NE, and multiple cytokine concentrations were measured. Pigs were reanesthetized and placed on a ventilator when significant lung impairment occurred (PaO2/FiO2 < 250). At necropsy, lung water and histology were assessed. All animals in the SMA + FC group developed septic shock evidenced by a significant fall in arterial blood pressure that was not responsive to fluids. Lung injury typical of ARDS (i.e., a fall in lung compliance and PaO2/FiO2 ratio and a significant increase in lung water) developed in this group. Additionally, there was a significant increase in plasma IL-1 and IL-6 and in BALF IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, NE, and protein concentration in the SMA + FC group. COL-3 treatment prevented septic shock and ARDS and significantly decreased cytokine levels in plasma and BALF. COL-3 treatment also significantly reduced NE activity (P < 0.05) and reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in BALF by 64% and 34%, respectively, compared with the SMA + FC group. We conclude that prophylactic COL-3 prevented the development of ARDS and unexpectedly also prevented septic shock in a chronic insidious onset animal model of sepsis-induced ARDS. The mechanism of this protection is unclear, as COL-3 inhibited numerous inflammatory mediators. Nevertheless, COL-3 significantly reduced the morbidity in a clinically applicable animal model, demonstrating the possibility that COL-3 may be useful in reducing the morbidity associated with sepsis and ischemia/reperfusion injury in patients.
Multiscale Variance-Stabilizing Transform for Mixed-Poisson-Gaussian Processes and its Applications in Bioimaging (2007)

Fluorescence microscopy images are contaminated by photon and readout noises, and hence can be described by mixed-Poisson-Gaussian (MPG) processes. In this paper, a new variance stabilizing transform (VST) is designed to convert a filtered MPG process into a near Gaussian process with a constant variance. This VST is then combined with the isotropic undecimated wavelet transform leading to a multiscale VST (MS-VST). We demonstrate the usefulness of MS-VST for image denoising and spot detection in fluorescence microscopy. In the first case, we detect significant Gaussianized wavelet coefficients under the control of a false discovery rate. A sparsity-driven iterative scheme is proposed to properly reconstruct the final estimate. In the second case, we show that the MS-VST can also lead to a fluorescent-spot detector, where the false positive rate of the detection in pure noise can be controlled. Experiments show that the MS-VST approach outperforms the generalized Anscombe transform in denoising, and that the detection scheme allows efficient spot extraction from complex background.
Fundamentals and modeling of separation processes: absorption, distillation, evaporation, and extraction (1974)

Fundamentals and modeling of separation processes: absorption, distillation, evaporation, and extraction , Fundamentals and modeling of separation processes: absorption, distillation, evaporation, and extrac... , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Store Vulnerability Window (SVW): A Filter and Potential Replacement for Load Re-Execution. (2006)

Load scheduling and execution are performance critical aspects of dynamically-scheduled processing. Several techniques employ speculation on loads with respect to older stores to improve some aspect of load processing. Speculative scheduling and speculative indexed store-load forwarding are two examples. Speculative actions require verification. One simple mechanism that can verify any load speculation is in-order re-execution prior to commit. The drawback of load re-execution is data cache bandwidth consumption. If a given technique requires a sufficient fraction of the loads to re-execute, the resulting contention can severely compromise the intended benefit. Store Vulnerability Window (SVW) is an address-based filtering mechanism that significantly reduces the number of loads that must re-execute to verify a given speculative technique. The high-level idea is that a load need not re-execute if the address it reads has not been written to in a long time. SVW realizes this idea using a store sequence numbering scheme and an adaptation of Bloom filtering. An SVW implementation with a 1KB filter can reduce re-executions by a factor of 200 and virtually eliminate the overhead of re-execution based verification. The same SVW implementation can be used as a complete replacement for re-execution with only 3 % overhead.
Role of Epstein–Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 2A on virus-induced immortalization and virus activation (2001)

To quantitatively evaluate the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) in immortalization of peripheral B-lymphocytes, we used the Akata cell system to generate an EBV recombinant in which the first exon of the LMP2A gene was disrupted. The results indicated that deletion of the LMP2A gene did not affect the immortalization efficiency of EBV in B-lymphocytes. Deletion of the LMP2A gene made EBV-transformed lymphocytes more permissive for virus replication in response to surface immunoglobulin cross-linking. On the other hand Akata cells, in which LMP2A expression was much lower than in EBV-transformed lymphocytes, were equally permissive for virus replication whether they were infected with wild EBV or LMP2A-knockout EBV. The results raise a question as to the role of LMP2A in inhibition of disruption of virus latency in vivo, where LMP2A expression has been expected to be low as in Akata cells.
New synthesis of sucrose which demonstrates a novel approach to the synthesis of .alpha.-linked disaccharides (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew synthesis of sucrose which demonstrates a novel approach to the synthesis of .alpha.-linked disaccharidesDavid E. Iley and B. Fraser-ReidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 9, 2563–2565Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00842a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00842a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Present Situation on Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Studies (2001)

DIC is not a clinical entity in itself. Instead, it always occurs secondary to a broad spectrum of various diseases. DIC may be defined as an acquired syndrome characterized by the activation of intravascular coagulation up to intravascular fibrin formation. Although the trigger for the activation of the coagulation system may vary depending on the underlying condition, it is usually mediated by several cytokines. Thrombin generation proceeds via the (extrinsic) tissue factor/factor Ⅶ a route and simultaneous depression of inhibitory mechanisms, such as the protein C and protein S system. In addition, impaired fibrin degradation, dur to high circulating levels of PAI-1, contributes to enhanced introvascular fibrin deposition.