gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
OE Device Integration for Optically Enabled MCM (2007)

We propose a new architecture of optical device integration on SLC carrier with capability of handling of the optical signals directly on MCM, or an optically enabled MCM, where VCSELs/PDs and the interface chips are placed closer to the main VLSI on a waveguide integrated SLC, while the optical connectors are at the periphery of the SLC carrier. This separated structure allows the highest number of optical channels per periphery length defined by the connector size, as well as the higher optical speed.
Shaped PSK in a digital modem with direct digital synthesis (2002)

Performance data for the MD-1269A Multipurpose Modem modulator are presented with emphasis on spectrally efficient phase shift keying (PSK). Attention is focused on power spectral containment within 5-kHz and 25-kHz communication satellite channels, measured relative interference levels in adjacent channels, vector rotation effects, and spectral performance as a function of shaping factor. The modulator features a direct digital synthesizer controlled by a digital signal processor. This combination allows simultaneous and independent control of the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the modulated waveform, which is needed to prevent co-user satellite communication interference. This flexible, general-purpose modulator significantly increases the satellite user's flexibility by providing a variety of spectrally efficient PSK modulation waveforms that can be used at data rates up to 38.4 kb/s, while maintaining compatibility with lower-data-rate modems. The model is designed for UHF satellite communication and line-of-sight communication links. The entire modem is contained in a 25-lb, 1/2 ATR airborne package and is able to withstand airborne, shipboard, or tactical environments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
X-ray resonant scattering studies of orbital and charge ordering in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pr</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">MnO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2001)

We present the results of a systematic x-ray scattering study of the charge and orbital ordering in the manganite series ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ with $x=0.25,$ 0.4, and 0.5. The temperature dependence of the scattering at the charge and orbital wavevectors, and of the lattice constants, was characterized throughout the ordered phase of each sample. It was found that the charge- and orbital-order wavevectors are commensurate with the lattice, in striking contrast to the results of electron and neutron diffraction studies of samples with $x=0.5.$ High-momentum-transfer resolution studies of the $x=0.4$ and 0.5 samples further revealed that while long-range charge order is present, long-range orbital order is never established. Above the charge and orbital ordering temperature ${T}_{0},$ the charge-order fluctuations are more highly correlated than the orbital fluctuations. This suggests that charge order drives orbital order in these samples. In addition, a longitudinal modulation of the lattice with the same periodicity as the charge and orbital ordering was discovered in the $x=0.4$ and 0.5 samples. For $x=0.25,$ only long-range orbital order was observed with no indication of charge ordering, nor of an additional lattice modulation. We also report the results of a preliminary investigation of the loss of charge and orbital ordering in the $x=0.4$ sample by application of a magnetic field. Finally, the polarization and azimuthal dependence of the charge and orbital ordering in these compounds are characterized both in the resonant and nonresonant limits, and compared with the predictions of current theories. The results are qualitatively consistent with both cluster and local density approximation $+U$ calculations of the electronic structure.
Population Dynamics of Synaptic Release Sites (1998)

We describe a mathematical model of synaptic transmitter release that is based on the finding that transmitter release sites and Ca 2+ ion channels are colocalized in the presynaptic terminal. Because Ca 2+ channels open and close stochastically, the release model is inherently stochastic. We develop a simple method for representing the collective effect of a population of sites and channels by constructing a system of ordinary differential equations for the mean release. A multiple scale analysis of this system reveals several features of transmitter release and fast facilitation, where release is enhanced if preceded by a conditioning impulse. These include an inverse relation between facilitation and Ca 2+ cooperativity, a step-like frequency dependence of facilitation, and a release time course that is invariant to changes in the magnitude of release that occurs as the model synapse facilitates or when the external Ca 2+ concentration is changed. The model is sufficiently simple to be used in conjunction with models of neuronal electrical activity and with neural network models.
Raman Evidence for a Weakened O−O Bond in Mononuclear Low-Spin Iron(III)−Hydroperoxides (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRaman Evidence for a Weakened O−O Bond in Mononuclear Low-Spin Iron(III)−HydroperoxidesRaymond Y. N. Ho, Gerard Roelfes, Ben L. Feringa, and Lawrence QueView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 Department of Organic and Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Groningen Center for Catalysis and Synthesis University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1, 264–265Publication Date (Web):December 17, 1998Publication History Received7 August 1998Published online17 December 1998Published inissue 1 January 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja982812phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja982812prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1587Altmetric-Citations167LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Bioinorganic chemistry,Hydrocarbons,Oscillation,Peptides and proteins,Resonance structures Get e-Alerts
High-Resolution High-Energy X-ray Scattering for Materials Research at High Magnetic-Fields (2006)

XSD/XOR, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA; Center for Neutron Scattering, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA, and School of Materials & Metallurgy, Northeastern Univ., ShengYang, China; Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Texas AM Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames, USA; National Laboratory of Synchrotron Light, Campinas, Brazil; Inst. De FisicaGleb Wataghin, Univ. Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazi; Dept. of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115
Carbene metal amide photoemitters: tailoring conformationally flexible amides for full color range emissions including white-emitting OLED (2019)

Conformationally flexible "Carbene-Metal-Amide" (CMA) complexes of copper and gold have been developed based on a combination of sterically hindered cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) and 6- and 7-ring heterocyclic amide ligands. These complexes show photoemissions across the visible spectrum with PL quantum yields of up to 89% in solution and 83% in host-guest films. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence (PL) studies combined with DFT calculations indicate the important role of ring structure and conformational flexibility of the amide ligands. Time-resolved PL shows efficient delayed emission with sub-microsecond to microsecond excited state lifetimes at room temperature, with radiative rates exceeding 10<sup>6</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. Yellow organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on a 7-ring gold amide were fabricated by thermal vapor deposition, while the sky-blue to warm-white mechanochromic behavior of the gold phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide complex enabled fabrication of the first CMA-based white light-emitting OLED.
A High Precision Coulometry Study of the SEI Growth in Li/Graphite Cells (2011)

The charge and discharge endpoint capacities as well as the coulombic efficiency of Li/graphite coin cells have been examined using the high precision charger at Dalhousie University. Cells were charged and discharged at different C-rates and temperatures to observe trends in the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the graphite electrode. The experiments show that time and temperature, not cycle count, are the dominant contributors to the growth of the SEI. The charge consumed by the SEI and hence the SEI thickness, increase approximately with time1/2 consistent with a process where the temperature-dependent SEI growth rate is inversely proportional to the SEI thickness. The charge consumed by the SEI is proportional to the electrode surface area and this increased consumption on high surface area electrodes continues during cycling, at least with the 1 M LiPF6 ethylene carbonate:diethyl carbonate electrolyte used.
Locus‐specific brackets for reliable typing of Y‐chromosome short tandem repeat markers (2005)

Short tandem repeat (STR) loci, widely used as genetic markers in disease diagnostic studies and human identity applications, are traditionally genotyped through comparison of allele sizes to a sequenced allelic ladder. Allelic ladders permit a floating bin allele calling method to be utilized, which enables reliable allele calling across laboratories, instrument platforms, and electrophoretic conditions. Precise sizing methods for STR allele calling involving fixed bins can also be used when a high degree of precision has been demonstrated within an instrument platform and a set of electrophoretic conditions. An alternative method for reliable genotyping of STR markers, locus-specific brackets (LSBs), is introduced here. LSBs are artificial alleles created through molecular biology manipulations to be shorter or longer than alleles commonly seen in populations under investigation. The size and repeat number of measured alleles are interpolated between the two LSB products that are mixed with the polymerase chain reaction-amplified STR alleles. The advantages and limitations of the LSB approach are described along with a concordance study between the LSB typing approach and other STR typing methods. Complete agreement was observed with 162 samples studied at 5 Y-chromosome loci.
Lubrication Properties of Bio-Oil and Its Emulsions with Diesel Oil (2012)

Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of biomass is a low-grade liquid fuel, which can be upgraded through the emulsification with diesel oil. In this study, we prepared two rice husk bio-oil samples with different solid char contents and three bio-oil/diesel-oil emulsion samples with the bio-oil content of 10 wt%, 30 wt% and 50 wt%, respectively. The lubrication properties of these oil samples were evaluated by a four-ball tester. The morphologies of the worn ball surface were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical states of the elements on the worn surface and non-worn surface were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). The results showed that the bio-oil possessed better extreme-pressure, anti-wear and friction-reducing properties than the commercial diesel oil (number zero). The solid char particles in the bio-oil could improve its lubrication performance. Moreover, the lubrication ability of the emulsions would be enhanced with the increasing of the bio-oil content in the emulsions.
Industrial applications and future prospects of microbial xylanases: A review (2008)

Microbial enzymes such as xylanases enable new technologies for industrial processes. Xylanases (xylanolytic enzyme) hydrolyze complex polysaccharides like xylan. Research during the past few decades has been dedicated to enhanced production, purification, and characterization of microbial xylanase. But for commercial applications detailed knowledge of regulatory mechanisms governing enzyme production and functioning should be required. Since application of xylanase in the commercial sector is widening, an understanding of its nature and properties for efficient and effective usage becomes crucial. Study of synergistic action of multiple forms and mechanism of action of xylanase makes it possible to use it for bio-bleaching of kraft pulp and for desizing and bio-scouring of fabrics. Results revealed that enzymatic treatment leads to the enhancement in various physical properties of the fabric and paper. This review will be helpful in determining the factors affecting xylanase production and its potential industrial applications in textile, paper, pulp, and other industries.
Acetylation of Alkyl Lactates (1944)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcetylation of Alkyl LactatesM. L. Fein and C. H. FisherCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1944, 36, 3, 235–238Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1944Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1944https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50411a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50411a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A proportional fair scheduling for multicarrier transmission systems (2005)

This letter extends the proportional fair (PF) scheduling proposed in the high data rate (HDR) system to multicarrier transmission systems. It is known that the PF allocation (F. P. Kelly et al. (1998)) results in the maximization of the sum of logarithmic average user rates. We propose a PF scheduling that assigns users to each carrier while maximizing the sum of logarithmic average user rates.
Transgenic strategy for identifying synaptic connections in mice by fluorescence complementation (GRASP) (2012)

In the "GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners" (GRASP) method, non-fluorescent fragments of GFP are expressed in two different neurons; the fragments self-assemble at synapses between the two to form a fluorophore. GRASP has proven useful for light microscopic identification of synapses in two invertebrate species, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but has not yet been applied to vertebrates. Here, we describe GRASP constructs that function in mammalian cells and implement a transgenic strategy in which a Cre-dependent gene switch leads to expression of the two fragments in mutually exclusive neuronal subsets in mice. Using a transgenic line that expresses Cre selectively in rod photoreceptors, we demonstrate labeling of synapses in the outer plexiform layer of the retina. Labeling is specific, in that synapses made by rods remain labeled for at least 6 months whereas nearby synapses made by intercalated cone photoreceptors on many of the same interneurons remain unlabeled. We also generated antisera that label reconstituted GFP but neither fragment in order to amplify the GRASP signal and thereby increase the sensitivity of the method.
Manage Your People (2009)

As your organization grows, the number of employees you have will grow too. It is easy to manage a few people’s administrative tasks, but the more people you hire, the more you’ll need to implement a human resource (HR) management system.
Experiences Using Static Analysis to Find Bugs (2008)

Abstract—Static analysis examines code in the absence of input data and without running the code, and can detect potential security violations (e.g., SQL injection), runtime errors (e.g., dereferencing a null pointer) and logical inconsistencies (e.g., a conditional test that cannot possibly be true). While there is a rich body of literature on algorithms and analytical frameworks used by such tools, reports describing experiences with such tools in industry are much harder to come by. We describe FindBugs, an open source static analysis tool for Java, and experience using it in production settings. FindBugs does not push the envelope in terms of the sophistication of its analysis techniques. Rather, it is designed to evaluate what kinds of defects can be effectively detected with relatively simple techniques and to help us understand how such tools can be incorporated into the software development process. FindBugs has been downloaded more than 580,000 times and used by many major companies and software projects. We report on experience running FindBugs against Sun’s JDK implementation, using Findbugs at Google where it has been used for more than a year and incorporated into their standard development process, and preliminary results from a survey of FindBugs users.
Design and economic analysis of the technological scheme for 1,3-propanediol production from raw glycerol (2013)

A technological scheme for producing 1,3-propanediol from raw glycerol was designed, simulated, and economically assessed. The production process was composed of three main stages, namely: glycerol purification, glycerol fermentation, and 1,3-propanediol recovery and purification. First, a typical stream of raw glycerol was purified up to 98 wt %, and then the fermentation took place in a two continuous stages process by means of a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. For the fermentation stage, a rigorous analysis was carried out using a kinetic model considering both substrate and products inhibition. Thus, multiplicity of steady states and hysteresis loops were studied for the first fermentation stage. Also, in order to optimize both the outlet concentration of 1,3-propanediol and its productivity, three different objective functions were analyzed. As result, each objective function led to an optimal condition, such as: the highest global yield to 1,3-propanediol (0.599 mol/mol), the highest outlet concentration of 1,3-propanediol (0.512 mol/L), and the highest global productivity (1.157 × 10−2), respectively. Then, the downstream process for 1,3-propanediol recovery and purification was designed based on a reactive-extraction process and a reactive-distillation process. This downstream process was applied to each scenario analyzed on the fermentation stage. Finally, the three scenarios were economically assessed and the lowest production cost was obtained for the third scenario. Simulation process and fermentation analysis were performed using Aspen Plus and MatLab respectively, while the economic assessment was carried out using the Aspen Icarus Process Evaluator.
Bioregulatory Effects of the Fungicidal Strobilurin Kresoxim-methyl in Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) (1997)

Apart from its fungicidal effect, the strobilurin kresoxim-methyl (BAS 490 F) was found to induce physiological and developmental alterations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) which are seen in connection with improved yield. In a series of biotests including heterotrophic maize and photoautotrophic algal cell suspensions, duckweed, isolated mustard shoots and germinating cress seeds, kresoxim-methyl showed a similar response pattern to standard auxins (e.g. indol-3-ylacetic acid, IAA; 2-(1-naphthyl)acetic acid, α-NAA). Auxin-like activity of kresoxim-methyl was also found when stem explants of tobacco were cultured on a hormone-free medium. Kresoxim-methyl stimulated shoot formation, particularly at 10-7 M. The same effect was induced by 10-8 M IAA. The determination of phytohormone-like substances in shoots of wheat plants foliar-treated with 7×10-4 M kresoxim-methyl revealed only slightly changed levels of endogenous IAA, gibberellins and abscisic acid. In contrast, the contents of dihydrozeatin riboside-type cytokinins increased to 160% of the control, while trans-zeatin riboside- and isopentenyladenosine-type cytokinins remained nearly unchanged. The most remarkable alterations were the reductions in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels and ethylene formation which were demonstrated in intact plants, leaf discs and the shoots of wheat subjected to drought stress. Kresoxim-methyl affected the induction of ACC synthase activity which converts S-adenosyl-methionine to ACC in ethylene biosynthesis. In shoots from foliar-treated wheat plants, 10-4 M kresoxim-methyl inhibited stress-induced increases in endogenous ACC synthase activity, ACC levels and ethylene formation by approximately 50%. Reductions in ACC synthase activity and ACC levels of 30% were also obtained at low concentrations of α-NAA (10-6 M). In contrast, ACC synthase activity in vitro was not influenced by adding the compounds. In wheat leaf discs, the inhibiting effect of kresoxim-methyl, α-NAA and IAA on ethylene formation was accompanied by delayed leaf senescence, characterized by reduced chlorophyll loss. However, in contrast to kresoxim-methyl which showed only inhibitory activity on ethylene synthesis over a wide range of concentrations applied, the auxins stimulated ethylene production at high concentrations of about 10-4 M. The inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis by kresoxim-methyl, together with an increase in endogenous cytokinins could explain the retardation of senescence and the intensified green leaf pigmentation in wheat exposed to this strobilurin. © 1997 SCI.
Linkage Analysis of Genetic Disorders (2003)

Basic principles and methods of genetic analysis were covered in this chapter. The approaches of linkage analysis for Mendelian or complex disorders can be summarized in the following flowchart (Fig. 2). It is important that the clinical, analytical, and molecular investigators be involved in all steps in the process. Mapping genes for complex disorders is often more difficult than mapping genes for Mendelian disorders, but both may prove to be very important in understanding disease processes and designing new treatments. Practical use of computer programs available for genetic analysis is detailed elsewhere (24).