gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoactivated platelet-rich plasma therapy for a traumatic knee chondral lesion (2012)

To evaluate the effect of combining photoactivation therapy with platelet-rich plasma injections in the treatment of a traumatic chondral lesion of the knee. A 38-year-old man presented with left-knee pain and swelling following a basketball injury. MRI demonstrated a full-thickness lateral tibial plateau chondral flap with subchondral cyst formation and marrow oedema. The patient underwent a course of photoactivated platelet-rich plasma (PAPRP) injections. Patient outcome measures included the numerical pain rating scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index 3.0 (WOMAC). Following treatment, the patient reported improvement in both pain and function as measured by the numerical pain-rating scale and WOMAC. MRI showed resolution of subchondral bone marrow bruising/oedema. No complications were noted. In this case report, PAPRP injections demonstrated improvement in all recorded outcome measures. Recognising the limitations of a single case report, the results highlight the need for more formal controlled trials to determine the potential use of PAPRP in the treatment of chondral lesions.
Electron-beam direct writing technology for LSI wiring process (1983)

Electron-beam direct writing technology is described here for a fine pattern LSI wiring process. A new proximity effect correction algorithm that is capable of handling LSI patterns and which makes use of the exposure dose table is used to compensate for proximity effects. A New Positive Resist (NPR) is used which exhibits high resolution and high dry etching durability. Moreover a tri-level resist scheme is introduced for highly stepped substrates. This technology has been applied to fabrication of custom LSIs having a minimum feature size of 1 µm and chip size of 5 mm? Data processing time for the proximity effect correction is about 10 min/level. Results of the wiring process test indicate that this technology is useful for custom LSI wiring.
A Scheme for Synchronizing High-Speed Logic Part II (1970)

In this paper we concern ourselves with the problem of obtaining high sequence rate sequential machines, machines which are constructed from realistic devices to operate at an input sequence rate which is independent of the machine complexity. To accomplish this result we have only to show a construction to realize acceptably synchronous devices from badly timed, restricted fan-in and fan-out devices. Once a complete set of synchronous devices is obtained, the results of Arden and Arthurs [ 11 apply and we know that any finite state machine has a realization using these devices which accepts input sequence members at a rate which is characteristic of the set of devices, not of the machine. The technique we propose for achieving this result is to produce a lattice of interconnected clock pulse sources called clock pulse propagators (CPPs). These devices generate clock pulses which are acceptably synchronized with respect to the outputs of neighboring CPPs but are not required to be in synchronization with some machine-wide standard as in current practice. Once it is established that such a network is possible, techniques already known can be applied in the utilization of the clock- pulses to synchronize logic and signals. Part I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> of the paper concerns the analysis of CPP networks, and Part II covers the synthesis of sequential machines using CPP networks as clocking sources.
The Binding Database: data management and interface design (2002)

We have created Binding DataBase (BindingDB), a public, web-accessible database of measured binding affinities. BindingDB is based upon a relational data specification for describing binding measurements via Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and enzyme inhibition. A corresponding XML Document Type Definition (DTD) is used to create and parse intermediate files during the on-line deposition process and will also be used for data interchange, including collection of data from other sources. The on-line query interface, which is constructed with Java Servlet technology, supports standard SQL queries as well as searches for molecules by chemical structure and sequence homology. The on-line deposition interface uses Java Server Pages and JavaBean objects to generate dynamic HTML and to store intermediate results. The resulting data resource provides a range of functionality with brisk response-times, and lends itself well to continued development and enhancement.
A novel dual PI3Kα/mTOR inhibitor PI-103 with high antitumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells (2009)

PI-103, the first synthetic multitargeted compound which simultaneously inhibits PI3Kalpha and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) shows high antitumor activity in glioma xenografts. In the present study, clear antitumor activity was observed with PI-103 treatment in two gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 and H460, by simultaneously inhibiting p70s6k phosporylation and Akt phosphorylation in response to mTOR inhibition. In addition, H460 cells with activating mutations of PIK3CA were more sensitive to PI-103 than A549 cells with wild-type PIK3CA. PI-103 was found to inhibit growth by causing G0-G1 arrest in A549 and H460 cells. Western blotting showed that PI-103 induced down-regulation of cyclin D1 and E1 and simultaneously up-regulated p21 and p27, associated with arrest in the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, p53, the tumor suppressor which transcriptionally regulates p21, was also upregulated with PI-103 treatment. Collectively, our results suggest that multitargeted intervention is the most effective tumor therapy, and the cooperative blockade of PI3Kalpha and mTOR with PI-103 shows promise for treating gefitinib-resistant NSCLC.
Detection of compact sources with multifilters (2002)

We present scale-adaptive filters that optimize the detection/separation of compact sources on a background. We assume that the sources have a multiquadric profile and a background modeled by an homogeneous and isotropic random field characterized by a power spectrum. We make an <i>n</i>-dimensional treatment but consider two interesting physical applications related to clusters of galaxies (Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and X-ray emission). We extend this methodology to multifrequency maps, introducing multifilters that optimize the detection on clusters on microwave maps. We apply these multifilters to small patches (corresponding to 10 frequency channels) of the sky such as the ones that will produce the future ESA Planck mission. Our method predicts a number of ≈10000 clusters in 2/3 of the sky, being the catalog complete over fluxes <i>S</i> > 170mJy at 300GHz.
Sensitivity of different RT-qPCR solutions for SARS-CoV-2 detection (2020)

Abstract Objective The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues imposing a demand for diagnostic screening. In anticipation that the recurrence of outbreaks and the measures for lifting the lockdown worldwide may cause supply chain issues over the coming months, we assessed the sensitivity of a number of one-step retrotranscription and quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) solutions to detect SARS-CoV-2. Methods We evaluated six different RT-qPCR alternatives for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 diagnosis based on standard RNA extractions. That of best sensitivity was also assessed with direct nasopharyngeal swab viral transmission medium (VTM) heating, overcoming the RNA extraction step. Results We found a wide variability in the sensitivity of RT-qPCR solutions that associated with a range of false negatives from as low as 2% (0.3-7.9%) to as much as 39.8% (30.2-50.2). Direct preheating of VTM combined with the best solution provided a sensitivity of 72.5% (62.5-81.0), in the range of some of the solutions based on standard RNA extractions. Conclusions We evidenced sensitivity limitations of currently used RT-qPCR solutions. Our results will help to calibrate the impact of false negative diagnoses of COVID-19, and to detect and control new SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and community transmissions.
Inhibiting GPIbα Shedding Preserves Post-Transfusion Recovery and Hemostatic Function of Platelets After Prolonged Storage (2016)

Specific inhibition of GPIbα shedding in the stored platelets improves post-transfusion platelet recovery and hemostatic function, providing clear evidence for GPIbα shedding as a cause of platelet clearance. These results suggest that specific inhibition of GPIbα shedding may be used to optimize platelet storage conditions.
Physicians' Health Study (<scp>PHS</scp>) (2008)

Abstract The United States Physicians' Health Study I was a landmark randomized trial of primary prevention because it was conducted entirely by mail, used a prerandomization run‐in, collected prerandomization blood specimens, used a 2 × 2 factorial design to test two hypotheses, had very high compliance to the assigned treatments, and had virtually complete morbidity and mortality data after 12 years of treatment and follow‐up. PHS I was funded by the National Institutes of Health and enrolled 22,071 male physicians aged 40 to 84 years at baseline in 1982. This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial tested primarily the effects of aspirin on cardiovascular disease and beta carotene on cancer. After 5 years of treatment and follow‐up, based on the unanimous recommendation of the independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board, the randomized aspirin component was terminated early mainly because of the emergence of a statistically extreme ( P < 0.00001) 44% reduction in first myocardial infarction among those assigned to aspirin. After 12 years of treatment and follow‐up, the beta carotene arm ended on schedule and produced no significant overall evidence of benefit or harm either on cancer or cardiovascular disease.
Amorphization processes in self-ion-implanted Si: Dose dependence (1991)

The structural transformation in self-ion-implanted Si has been investigated using Raman spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The crystal Si Raman peak at 520 cm−1 decreased, broadened, and shifted toward lower wave numbers as the 100 keV Si+ dose was increased from 0.8 to 8.5×1014 cm−2. These peak shifts can be attributed to uniaxial lattice expansion in the direction normal to the Si surface and they are substantially larger than those predicted in uniaxially strained crystal Si. The results suggest that accumulated defects generated by ion bombardment not only expand the crystal Si lattice but also reduce the force constant which in turn increases plasticity and finally gives rise to amorphization of the Si lattice.
Development of Electrochemical Biosensor for Formaldehyde Determination Based on Immobilized Enzyme (2012)

The newly formaldehyde biosensor developed that is based on coupled with enzyme (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+) and formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) for the detection of formaldehyde in fish samples. To maximize the reaction rate, the enzyme acts as biorecognition immobilized with Nafion membrane which chemically modified on gold electrode. The enzyme required nicotinamide adenide dinucleotide (NAD+) as a cofactor which then reduced to NADH during enzymatic reaction. In the system, 0.1 M of potassium phosphate was used as the supporting electrolyte and 0.5 mM of NAD+ was added as the coenzyme. The optimum scan rate was found at 0.1 V/s while the optimum pH was at 8 via cyclic voltammetry. A linear response was ranged from 1 to 10 ppm of formaldehyde, with correlation coefficient (R2) equals to 0.9865 (RSD < 3.05%). The response time was found less than 1 min. Formaldehyde biosensor showed reproducibility with no significant different (p > 0.05) at 1, 5 and 10 ppm of formaldehyde (n = 10). For interferences study, it was showed that the biosensor response retained its specificity for formaldehyde and did not respond to equivalent additions of methanol and also ethanol and gave the percentage of formaldehyde recovered ranging from 99.0% to 99.8%. Thus, formaldehyde biosensor is a promising tool and has a potential application for simple, fast, reusability, reproducibility, sensitivity, storage stability, validity, interferences and convenient method for the determination of formaldehyde in fish samples.
Involvement of Oct3/4 in the enhancement of neuronal differentiation of ES cells in neurogenesis-inducing cultures (2003)

Oct3/4 plays a critical role in maintaining embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Regulatable transgene-mediated sustained Oct3/4 expression in ES cells cultured in serum-free LIF-deficient medium caused accelerated differentiation to neuroectoderm-like cells that expressed Sox2, Otx1 and Emx2 and subsequently differentiated into neurons. Neurogenesis of ES cells is promoted by SDIA (stromal cell-derived inducing activity), which accumulates on the PA6 stromal cell surface. Oct3/4 expression in ES cells was maintained by SDIA whereas without it expression was promptly downregulated. Suppression of Oct3/4 abolished neuronal differentiation even after stimulation by SDIA. In contrast, sustained upregulated Oct3/4 expression enhanced SDIA-mediated neurogenesis of ES cells. Therefore, Oct3/4 appears to promote neuroectoderm formation and subsequent neuronal differentiation from ES cells.
The Genetics of Alcoholism (1983)

One method of investigating the genetic etiology of alcoholism is to study individuals who were separated soon after birth from their alcoholic biological parents. The author and his colleagues conducted a series of such studies in Denmark; they concluded that, despite little exposure to the alcoholic biological parent, the sons of alcoholics were about four times more likely to be alcoholic than were the sons of nonalcoholics. They also found that having an alcoholic biological parent did not increase the sons' risk of developing psychiatric disorders other than alcoholism. After reviewing the results of four other studies that resemble the Danish series, the author discusses two investigations of the possible mode of transmission of alcoholism and describes further evidence for the proposed diagnostic category of familial alcoholism.
Breeding for Improved Oil Quality in <i>Brassica</i> Oilseed Species (2002)

Abstract Oil quality in vegetable oils is determined by both nutritional and functional aspects, which are, in turn, primarily determined by the fatty acid profile (i.e., fatty acid composition) of the oil. The naturally occurring fatty acid composition of Brassica oils has been extensively modified using conventional plant breeding and biotechnology-based techniques to create unique and improved quality vegetable oils. New Brassica cultivars displaying a wide range of edible oil qualities have been developed, and commercialized in recent years. Improved Brassica cultivars which produce an industrial oil have also been developed and commercialized in the last two decades. World vegetable oil markets are highly competitive, so the steady improvement in oil quality of the Brassica oilseeds is essential to maintain or increase market share, and/or to create new niche markets. The main challenges facing Brassica oilseed breeders are (1) to determine the desirable fatty acid profiles of the oil for each end-use market application to create improved oils and (2) to quickly develop improved Brassica cultivars which can produce the new fatty acid profile oils at competitive prices.
HCV and HIV Infection among Heroin Addicts in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) and Not in MMT in Changsha and Wuhan, China (2012)

Our study indicated that the rate of HCV infection among heroin addicts among MMT or non-MMT settings in central China is very high. The non-MMT heroin addicts have higher risk of becoming infected with HCV in the future, while at present they have lower rates of HCV infection than MMT heroin addicts. Although rates of HIV infection among MMT and non-MMT heroin addicts are low now, they are all at great risk of becoming infected with HIV in the future, especially for non-MMT heroin addicts. We should use the MMT sites as a platform to improve the control of HCV and HIV infection in heroin addicts.
Point-of-Care Assays for Autoantibodies to Thyroid Peroxidase and to Thyroglobulin (2005)

Point-of-care (POC) assays for autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and to thyroglobulin (TgAb) are described. Both assays are based on the ability of autoantibodies in test samples (whole blood, plasma, or sera) to inhibit the binding of monoclonal antibodies to TPO or to Tg. The assays require no special equipment and give results in 10 minutes. Analysis of samples from healthy blood donors (n = 80), patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (n = 97) and nonthyroid autoimmune diseases (n = 20) showed that results with the POC tests compared well to those obtained by agglutination assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reference immunoprecipitation assays (IPA) based on 125I-labeled TPO or Tg were more sensitive than the POC tests particularly in the case of TgAb measurements. However, no samples were found positive by POC test and negative by IPA emphasizing the high specificity of the POC assays. Our results suggest that POC testing for TPOAb and TgAb with assays such as those we describe could be useful in certain situations. These include prediction of postpartum thyroiditis and the development of interferon-alpha-related thyroid disease.
The spinning processes for spider silk (2006)

This paper summarizes recent work in our groups on the factors that influence the formation of spider silks during the spinning process. The review encompasses: (a) extrusion variables that greatly affect the mechanical properties of the silk filaments; such as rate and temperature at spinning as well as the post-drawn treatment and (b) other factors affecting the conformation transition of the spider silk proteins (spidroin) such as pH and metallic ions. The observations taken together imply that the spinning process is at least as central as, and probably more important than, the composition of the 'raw' protein spinning solution. This conclusion leads us to suggest that in the future high-performance, artificial 'spider' silks may be spun from a range of solutions of silk and synthetic proteins.
Reliability of Pain and Stiffness Assessments in Clinical Manual Lumbar Spine Examination (1994)

Judgments of stiffness made by experienced manipulative physical therapists examining patients in their own clinics were found to have poor reliability, whereas pain judgments had good reliability. Further investigation of this test is required in order to develop a more reliable method of assessing PA stiffness.
Aging of the medial olivocochlear reflex and associations with speech perception (2014)

The medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) modulates cochlear amplifier gain and is thought to facilitate the detection of signals in noise. High-resolution distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were recorded in teens, young, middle-aged, and elderly adults at moderate levels using primary tones swept from 0.5 to 4 kHz with and without a contralateral acoustic stimulus (CAS) to elicit medial efferent activation. Aging effects on magnitude and phase of the 2f1-f2 DPOAE and on its components were examined, as was the link between speech-in-noise performance and MOCR strength. Results revealed a mild aging effect on the MOCR through middle age for frequencies below 1.5 kHz. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between strength of the MOCR and performance on select measures of speech perception parsed into features. The elderly group showed unexpected results including relatively large effects of CAS on DPOAE, and CAS-induced increases in DPOAE fine structure as well as increases in the amplitude and phase accumulation of DPOAE reflection components. Contamination of MOCR estimates by middle ear muscle contractions cannot be ruled out in the oldest subjects. The findings reiterate that DPOAE components should be unmixed when measuring medial efferent effects to better consider and understand these potential confounds.
Multi-antenna OFDM channel feedback compression exploiting sparsity (2013)

In order to enable advanced downlink multiantenna techniques, like MU-MIMO or Network MIMO, accurate channel knowledge at the transmitter is required. In order to save scarce uplink resources, the feedback has to be compressed. This paper provides a practical channel feedback compression technique which exploits the sparse nature of radio channels and removes redundant and irrelevant information. It introduces a novel path detection algorithm by modifying the existing orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm. Furthermore it presents efficient practical bit loading techniques. Channel aging effects can be efficiently handled by prediction, as shown in this paper. The prediction integrates very well into the presented feedback compression framework. For application to existing radio propagation channel compression, measurement results are discussed, dealing with the question how sparse the actual channel is.
BeLDPC: Bit Errors Aware Adaptive Rate LDPC Codes for 3D TLC NAND Flash Memory (2020)

Three-dimensional (3D) NAND flash memory has high capacity and cell storage density by using the multi-bit technology and vertical stack architecture, but degrading data reliability due to high raw bit error rates (RBER) caused by program/erase (P/E) cycles and retention periods. Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes become more popular error-correcting technologies to improve data reliability due to strong error correction capability, but introducing more decoding iterations at higher RBER. To reduce decoding iterations, this paper proposes BeLDPC: bit errors aware adaptive rate LDPC codes for 3D triple-level cell (TLC) NAND flash memory. Firstly, bit error characteristics in 3D charge trap TLC NAND flash memory are studied on a real FPGA testing platform, including asymmetric bit flipping and temporal locality of bit errors. Then, based on these characteristics, a high-efficiency LDPC code is designed. Experimental results show BeLDPC can reduce decoding iterations under different P/E cycles and retention periods.
VEGFR-1 Regulates Adult Olfactory Bulb Neurogenesis and Migration of Neural Progenitors in the Rostral Migratory Stream In Vivo (2009)

The generation of new neurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) persists into adulthood and is a multistep process that includes proliferation, fate choice, migration, survival, and differentiation. Neural precursor cells destined to form olfactory interneurons arise in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and migrate along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the OB. Recently, some factors classically known from their effects on the vascular system have been found to influence different steps of adult neurogenesis. In the present study, we report a modulatory function for the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) in adult olfactory neurogenesis. We identified expression of VEGFR-1 in GFAP-positive cells within regions involved in neurogenesis of the adult mouse brain. To determine functions for VEGFR-1 in adult neurogenesis, we compared neural progenitor cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation from wild-type and VEGFR-1 signaling-deficient mice (Flt-1TK(-/-) mice). Our data show that VEGFR-1 signaling is involved in the regulation of proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells within the SVZ, migration along the RMS, and in neuronal differentiation and anatomical composition of interneuron subtypes within the OB. RMS migration in Flt-1TK(-/-) mice was altered mainly as a result of increased levels of its ligand VEGF-A, which results in an increased phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 in neuronal progenitor cells within the SVZ and the RMS. This study reveals that proper RMS migration is dependent on endogenous VEGF-A protein.