gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microstructure Representation and Reconstruction of Heterogeneous Materials via Deep Belief Network for Computational Material Design (2016)

Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) aims to accelerate optimal design of complex material systems by integrating material science and design automation. For tractable ICME, it is required that (1) a structural feature space be identified to allow reconstruction of new designs, and (2) the reconstruction process be property-preserving. The majority of existing structural presentation schemes rely on the designer's understanding of specific material systems to identify geometric and statistical features, which could be biased and insufficient for reconstructing physically meaningful microstructures of complex material systems. In this paper, we develop a feature learning mechanism based on convolutional deep belief network to automate a two-way conversion between microstructures and their lower-dimensional feature representations, and to achieves a 1000-fold dimension reduction from the microstructure space. The proposed model is applied to a wide spectrum of heterogeneous material systems with distinct microstructural features including Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Pb63-Sn37 alloy, Fontainebleau sandstone, and Spherical colloids, to produce material reconstructions that are close to the original samples with respect to 2-point correlation functions and mean critical fracture strength. This capability is not achieved by existing synthesis methods that rely on the Markovian assumption of material microstructures.
The Persistence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> in Poultry Production (2007)

BackgroundThe use of antibiotics in food animal production has been associated with antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned fluoroquinolone use in U.S. poultry production in order to reduce the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter. Little is known about the potential efficacy of this policy.ObjectivesOur primary objective was to follow temporal changes in the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter among poultry products from two conventional producers who announced their cessation of fluoroquinolone use in 2002 (3 years before the FDA’s ban). Our secondary objective was to compare, over time, the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter in conventional poultry products to those from producers who claim to use no antibiotics.MethodsWe collected poultry samples from two conventional producers and three antibiotic-free producers over the course of 20 weeks in 2004 (n = 198) and 15 weeks in 2006 (n = 210). We compared the rates of fluoroquinolone resistance among Campylobacter isolates from the different producers.ResultsWe found no significant change in the proportion of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter isolates from the two conventional producers over the study period. In addition, Campylobacter strains from the two conventional producers were significantly more likely to be fluoroquinolone resistant than those from the antibiotic-free producers.ConclusionsThe results from this study indicate that fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter may be persistent contaminants of poultry products even after on-farm fluoroquinolone use has ceased. The FDA’s ban on fluoroquinolones in poultry production may be insufficient to reduce resistant Campylobacter in poultry products.
Mechanism of Action Potential Prolongation by RP 58866 and Its Active Enantiomer, Terikalant (1996)

These data demonstrate that RP 58866 and terikalant are potent blockers of IKr and prompt a reinterpretation of previous studies that assumed specific block of IK1 by these drugs.
Maternal high-fat diet results in microbiota-dependent expansion of ILC3s in mice offspring (2018)

Maternal obesity and a high-fat diet (HFD) during the perinatal period have documented short- and long-term adverse outcomes for offspring. However, the mechanisms of maternal HFD effects on neonatal offspring are unclear. While the effects of maternal HFD exposure during pregnancy on the offspring are increasingly being appreciated, we do not know if maternal HFD alters the microbiota or affects neonatal susceptibility to inflammatory conditions, nor the mechanisms involved. In this study, we show that the offspring of mothers exposed to HFD develop a unique microbiota, marked by expansion of Firmicutes, and an increase in IL-17-producing type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). The expansion of ILC3s was recapitulated through neocolonization with HFD microbiota alone. Further, the HFD offspring were susceptible to a neonatal model of inflammation that was reversible with IL-17 blockade. Collectively, these data suggest a previously unknown and unique role for ILC3s in the promotion of an early inflammatory susceptibility in the offspring of mothers exposed to HFD.
Approach to Data Table Decomposition Based on Rough Set Attribute Selection Measure (2008)

This paper proposes a new data table decomposition algorithm to address problems in extracting rules from massive data tables, e.g. low effectiveness, low computing speed and long rule length. With rough set theory, in the perspective of improving classification correctness and sub data table purity, this paper brings up attribute selection measure, and proposes to stop decomposing process to reduce the length of rules. Decompose data table with measures, and finally obtain a rule set with certain supportiveness. The length of obtained rules is short, the effectiveness of decision analysis is high, and it effectively overcomes the impact of noise on rough set data analysis.
Studies on piezochromic photochromic (E )-5-dicyanomethylene-3-[1-(2,5-dimethyl-3-furyl)ethylidene]-4-diphenylmethylenetetrahydrofuran-2-one and related photochromic compounds (2000)

Yellow crystals of the title compound 2b gave a dark red powder on mechanical grinding. The yellow and red solids turned deep blue on irradiation (366 nm) and the red and blue solids turned yellow on exposure to white light. The yellow crystals gave a deep red solution in toluene, which turned blue on irradiation with ultraviolet light. The blue solution reverted to red on exposure to white light. The chemistry of these colour changes is discussed. Related photochromic compounds 2a, 2c, 2d, 4a, 4b, 7a and 7, with a lesser degree of molecular overcrowding, are not piezochromic. The related non photochromic compound 1, with the greatest degree of overcrowding, is tribochromic.
DAEOM: A Deep Attentional Embedding Approach for Biomedical Ontology Matching (2020)

Ontology Matching (OM) is performed to find semantic correspondences between the entity elements of different ontologies to enable semantic integration, reuse, and interoperability. Representation learning techniques have been introduced to the field of OM with the development of deep learning. However, there still exist two limitations. Firstly, these methods only focus on the terminological-based features to learn word vectors for discovering mappings, ignoring the network structure of ontology. Secondly, the final alignment threshold is usually determined manually within these methods. It is difficult for an expert to adjust the threshold value and even more so for a non-expert user. To address these issues, we propose an alternative ontology matching framework called Deep Attentional Embedded Ontology Matching (DAEOM), which models the matching process by embedding techniques with jointly encoding ontology terminological description and network structure. We propose a novel inter-intra negative sampling skill tailored for the structural relations asserted in ontologies, and further improve our iterative final alignment method by introducing an automatic adjustment of the final alignment threshold. The preliminary result on real-world biomedical ontologies indicates that DAEOM is competitive with several OAEI top-ranked systems in terms of F-measure.
Aspects of Tolerability of Centrally Acting Antihypertensive Drugs (1996)

Traditional centrally acting antihypertensives have been associated with a high incidence of adverse effects and are no longer recommended as first-line therapy. The newer imidazoline receptor agonists must overcome this reputation if they are to gain recognition as potential first-line agents for hypertension. Methyldopa, a centrally acting alpha(2)-agonist, is characterized by a number of serious adverse reactions that limit its use. Although unpredictable idiosyncratic or hypersensitivity reactions are uncommon, these include hepatitis, myocarditis, and hemolytic anaemia. Less serious problems such as abnormal liver function tests, positive Coombs test, drug-induced fever, and pancreatitis also occur. Central side effects include drowsiness, fatigue, lethargy, sedation, depression, psychotic reactions, nasal stuffiness, impotence, and exacerbation of Parkinsonism. In hypertensive men, methyldopa is less well tolerated than either captopril or propranolol, and up to 20% of patients discontinue therapy because of adverse effects. Clonidine acts primarily as an alpha(2)-agonist but also acts as an agonist at imidazoline receptors in the rostroventrolateral medulla. It is equipotent to most other antihypertensives but is considerably less well-tolerated in comparative trials. The principal adverse effects of clonidine are drowsiness, sedation, lethargy and dry mouth. Reserpine acts primarily by depleting central catecholamine neurotransmitter stores. It was very extensively used in early hypertension trials, but its central side effects of sedation, nasal stuffiness, and severe depression are now considered so undesirable that the drug is seldom prescribed. The imidazoline (I1) agonists moxonidine and rilmenidine act selectively and have very little central alpha(2)-agonist activity. In comparative studies against placebo and other reference antihypertensives, the only adverse effect consistently associated with these drugs was dry mouth (approximate placebo-corrected incidence 10%). Sedation was not pronounced. Withdrawal syndromes are complex pathophysiologic processes and occur with a variety of antihypertensive drugs. Cessation of therapy with clonidine and, to a lesser extent, methyldopa may result in a severe withdrawal syndrome characterized by restlessness, sweating, anxiety, tremor, palpitations, and headache. There may be a rapid rise in blood pressure, often with a true "rebound" to higher than pretreatment levels. Plasma and urinary catecholamine levels are increased, and fatalities have been reported. It is important to stress that such a syndrome has not been recorded, in animal or human studies, with either moxonidine or rilmenidine.
Squeeze Cast Metal Matrix Composites: Evaluation of Their Strength, Damping Capacity and Corrosion Resistance (1989)

Several graphite fiber reinforced (planar random) metal matrix composites employing copper, aluminum, tin and babbitt matrices were fabricated by a newly devel oped high-pressure squeeze casting method. The fiber volume fraction of these composites ranged from 5 to 55%. These composites had relatively weak fiber-to-matrix bonding because of the near-absence of interfacial reaction between fiber and matrix materials. The tensile strength of these composites increased with fiber volume fraction up to about 25% followed by a gradual decrease for higher fiber volume fractions. Experiments were designed to evaluate various mechanical and physical properties of high pressure squeeze cast composites including the damping capacity and corrosion re sistance. Measurements of logarithmic decrement values at reasonant frequencies on can tilevered beam specimens have demonstrated that the damping capacity of the composites is much superior to that of wrought 6061-T6 Al and mechanically alloyed aluminum. Results on corrosion resistance of the composites in distilled water and 3.5% NaCl solu tion over a range of voltages and temperatures are presented and discussed.
A General Synthesis of Indole‐3‐carboxylic Esters by Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative Carbonylation of 2‐Alkynylaniline Derivatives (2012)

Abstract A general synthesis of indole‐3‐carboxylic esters by direct Pd‐catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of readily available 2‐alkynylaniline derivatives is reported. In particular, 2‐alkynylanilines bearing an internal triple bond and a secondary amino group ( 1 ) were directly converted into indole‐3‐carboxylic esters 2 in fair to good yields (50–84 %) when let to react with CO, O 2 , and an alcohol in the presence of the PdI 2 /KI catalytic system, under relatively mild conditions [100 °C and 20 atm (at 25 °C) of a 4:1 mixture CO/air]. On the other hand, under similar conditions, but in the presence of HC(OMe) 3 , 2‐alkynylanilines bearing an internal triple bond and a primary amino group ( 7 ) afforded 1‐(dimethoxymethyl)indole‐3‐carboxylic esters 9 through the intermediate formation of N ‐(dimethoxymethyl)‐2‐alkynylaniline derivatives II . Compounds 9 could be conveniently converted into N ‐unsubstituted indole‐3‐carboxylic esters 10 by a simple acidic treatment carried out in MeOH/H 2 O at 80 °C.
Heat-resistant epoxy-silicon hybrid materials for printed wiring boards (2005)

An epoxy-silicon hybrid resin based on a new concept has been developed. This resin has a structure in which epoxy-silicon oligomers by sol-gel reaction are incorporated into the epoxy resin matrix at the nanometer level. The nanostructure was confirmed by /sup 29/Si NMR spectrum and a time-resolved energy filtering-transmission electron microscopy technique. This epoxy-silicon hybrid resin shows excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. The elastic modulus at 260/spl deg/C was 0.6 GPa, much higher than the 0.08 GPa of conventional epoxy resins; and the thermal expansion coefficient above the glass transition temperature was two-thirds of the conventional one. It was confirmed that conventional fabrication process for FR-5 was applicable to copper clad laminates for the epoxy-silicon hybrid resin.
New Diterpenes from the South African Soft Coral <i>Eleutherobia aurea</i> (1997)

The known diterpenoids zahavin A and 9-deacetoxy-14,15-deepoxyxeniculin and the two new diterpenoids 7,8-epoxyzahavin A and xeniolide C were isolated from specimens of Eleutherobia aurea collected from Aliwal Shoal off the southern Kwazulu−Natal coast, South Africa. Standard spectroscopic methods were used for the structure determinations. The former three diterpenoids inhibit superoxide production in rabbit-cell neutrophils.
Computerized-Eyewear Based Face Recognition System for Improving Social Lives of Prosopagnosics (2013)

Prosopagnosia (PA), or the inability to recognize faces, is widespread around the world, with no effective cure for the disease. We propose a wearable system to improve prosopagnosic’s daily life. The system utilizes a real-time face recognition application that runs on a smartphone, and a portable
Automated Pruning for Deep Neural Network Compression (2018)

In this work we present a method to improve the pruning step of the current state-of-the-art methodology to compress neural networks. The novelty of the proposed pruning technique is in its differentiability, which allows pruning to be performed during the backpropagation phase of the network training. This enables an end-to-end learning and strongly reduces the training time. The technique is based on a family of differentiable pruning functions and a new regularizer specifically designed to enforce pruning. The experimental results show that the joint optimization of both the thresholds and the network weights permits to reach a higher compression rate, reducing the number of weights of the pruned network by a further 14% to 33 % compared to the current state-of-the-art. Furthermore, we believe that this is the first study where the generalization capabilities in transfer learning tasks of the features extracted by a pruned network are analyzed. To achieve this goal, we show that the representations learned using the proposed pruning methodology maintain the same effectiveness and generality of those learned by the corresponding non-compressed network on a set of different recognition tasks.
Oxazolines. XIV. Asymmetric synthesis of R and S dialkylacetic acids from a single chiral oxazoline (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxazolines. XIV. Asymmetric synthesis of R and S dialkylacetic acids from a single chiral oxazolineA. I. Meyers and Gerald KnausCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 20, 6508–6510Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00827a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00827a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Endocrine tumour in kidney affecting small bowel structure, motility, and absorptive function (1971)

A 44-year-old woman is described with an endocrine tumour arising in the kidney. There were associated abnormalities of small intestinal morphology, motility, and absorptive function. These abnormalities reversed on removal of the tumour. Detailed studies showed that the tumour contained, and was secreting, glucagon. It is postulated that the intestinal abnormalities may have resulted from glucagon itself or another, as yet unidentified, hormone.
Antigen-presenting cell–derived complement modulates graft-versus-host disease (2012)

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a serious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) that results from donor allogeneic T cell attack on host tissues. Based on previous work implicating immune cell-derived C3a and C5a as regulators of T cell immunity, we examined the effects of locally produced C3a and C5a on murine T cell-mediated GvHD. We found that total body irradiation, a conditioning regimen required to permit engraftment of allo-HCT, caused upregulation and activation of alternative pathway complement components by recipient APCs. Allo-HCT with decay accelerating factor-null (Daf1(-/-)) host BM and Daf1(-/-) donor lymphocytes led to exacerbated GvHD outcome and resulted in splenic and organ-infiltrating T cell expansion. T cells deficient in C3a receptor (C3aR) and/or C5a receptor (C5aR) responded weakly in allogeneic hosts and exhibited limited ability to induce GvHD. Using a clinically relevant treatment strategy, we showed that pharmacological C5aR blockade reduced GvHD morbidity. Our data mechanistically link APC-derived complement to T cell-mediated GvHD and support complement inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for GvHD in humans.
Pancreatic Remodeling: Beta-Cell Apoptosis, Proliferation and Neogenesis, and the Measurement of Beta-Cell Mass and of Individual Beta-Cell Size (2009)

The endocrine pancreas has a significant remodeling capacity that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Changes in beta-cell apoptosis, replication and size, and islet neogenesis contribute to the remodeling of the endocrine pancreas. The extent of their respective contribution varies significantly depending on the specific condition under consideration, and it is the balance among them that determines the eventual change in beta-cell mass. Thus, the study of pancreatic remodeling requires the determination of all these factors. In this chapter, we describe the quantification of beta-cell replication based on 3-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation into DNA and on the expression of Ki67 antigen, of beta-cell apoptosis by the TUNEL technique and islet neogenesis by quantification of number of islets budding from pancreatic ducts, by confocal assessment of the expression of islet cell hormones in ductal cells, and by identification of small group of extra-islet beta-cells. Point counting morphometry is used to estimate beta-cell mass and planimetry to determine the cross-sectional area of individual beta-cells, a measure of beta-cell size.
Método mãe canguru: benefícios aos recém-nascidos de baixo peso e suas famílias (2012)

A superlotacao das unidades neonatais nas quais muitas vezes se encontravam dois ou mais recem-nascidos em uma mesma incubadora fez com que em Bogota (Colombia) surgisse o Metodo Mae Canguru (CHARPAK, 1999), no ano de 1978 por Edgar Rey Sanabria. E, desenvolvido em 1979 por Hector Martinez Gomez e Luis Navarrete Peres, no Instituto Materno-infantil de Bogota (FREITAS; CAMARGO, 2006). A Organizacao Mundial da Saude (OMS) define o Metodo Mae Canguru (MMC) como o cuidado do recem-nascido de baixo peso, apos estabilizacao inicial, pele a pele com a mae, iniciado precocemente e mantido de forma continua e prolongada. E indicado para o recem-nascido pre-termo ou de baixo peso estavel, que necessita de protecao termica, alimentacao adequada, observacao frequente e protecao contra infeccoes (OMS, 2004). A falta de conhecimento sobre este metodo as familias de bebes de baixo peso prejudica a implantacao e o funcionamento do mesmo retardando a recuperacao dos bebes, causando o afastamento desnecessario de mae e filho. Diante do exposto, este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os beneficios do MMC aos bebes e suas familias e apontar a participacao do Enfermeiro durante a implementacao do MMC. Este estudo trata-se de nota previo de um Trabalho de Conclusao de curso. Tera como abordagem metodologica a revisao de literatura em que serao utilizadas as bases de dados online SCIELO e BDENF. Utilizaremos como descritores os termos: metodo mae canguru; baixo peso; enfermagem; prematuridade. Como criterios de inclusao: textos nacionais (objetivando aproximar a discussao ao nosso contexto) e textos com resumos completos. O recorte temporal sera de 2007 a 2012 optamos por pesquisar em publicacoes recentes. A analise dos artigos se dara apos organizacao dos mesmos em fichas com os dados de identificacao e uma sintese para apreender as concepcoes sobre o MMC.