gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review: <i>Francis Parkman: Representative Selections, with Introduction, Bibliography, and Notes</i>, by Wilbur L. Schramm (1940)

Book Review| December 01 1940 Review: Francis Parkman: Representative Selections, with Introduction, Bibliography, and Notes, by Wilbur L. Schramm Francis Parkman: Representative Selections, with Introduction, Bibliography, and NotesWilbur L. Schramm L. K. K. L. K. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (1940) 9 (4): 497. https://doi.org/10.2307/3632984 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L. K. K.; Review: Francis Parkman: Representative Selections, with Introduction, Bibliography, and Notes, by Wilbur L. Schramm. Pacific Historical Review 1 December 1940; 9 (4): 497. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3632984 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1940 The Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
An EFSM-based multimedia synchronization model and the authoring system (1996)

Multimedia synchronization is one of the key issues to be resolved in order to have smooth multimedia presentations. The demand of bringing multimedia information systems into distributed environments makes multimedia synchronization more difficult. We apply extended finite state machines (EFSM) to formally specify multimedia synchronization among multiple media streams. Using the EFSM model, the intra-medium synchronization is handled by an actor, which is formally represented as an EFSM. The inter-media synchronization is handled by a synchronizer, which is also represented as an EFSM. Both centralized and distributed synchronization cases can be specified. The synchronizer and actors achieve the corresponding multimedia presentations cooperatively. We also propose some policies to rectify the random delays caused by networks in the distributed presentation case. These policies, which can be formally specified in the corresponding EFSMs, are classified as intra-stream and inter-stream synchronization policies. Using the EFSM-based model, an authoring system and an associated experimental execution environment has been developed on SUN SPARC workstations.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Acute Renal Allograft Rejection (2002)

Acute rejection is a major cause of reduced survival of renal allografts. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mitogen for endothelial cells and is expressed widely by renal tissue and T cells. VEGF influences adhesion and migration of leukocytes across the endothelium. This study investigates whether genetically determined variation in VEGF expression influences the development of renal allograft rejection. VEGF promoter polymorphisms were examined by using sequence-specific primer-PCR in 173 renal transplant recipients. Acute rejection occurred in 38.7%; median time to first rejection episode was 14 d. VEGF in vitro expression was investigated in stimulated leukocytes from 30 controls. The -1154*G and -2578*C alleles were associated with higher VEGF production. VEGF -1154 GG and GA genotypes were significantly associated with acute rejection risk at 3 mo (P = 0.004, odds ration [OR] = 6.8, 95% CI = 1.8 to 25 and P = 0.035, OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 1.1 to 15, respectively). Furthermore, VEGF -2578 CC and CA genotypes were associated with increased rejection risk (P = 0.005, OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 1.5 to 11.3 and P = 0.035, OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.1 to 7, respectively). These polymorphisms demonstrate linkage disequilibrium (P = 0.001). These data indicate that the -1154*G and -2578*C containing genotypes, encoding higher VEGF production, are strongly associated with acute rejection and may be useful markers of rejection risk.
The Electronic Influence of Ring Substituents and <i>Ansa</i> Bridges in Zirconocene Complexes as Probed by Infrared Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and Computational Studies (2002)

The electronic influence of unbridged and ansa-bridged ring substituents on a zirconocene center has been studied by means of IR spectroscopic, electrochemical, and computational methods. With respect to IR spectroscopy, the average of the symmetric and asymmetric stretches (nu(CO(av))) of a large series of dicarbonyl complexes (Cp(R))(2)Zr(CO)(2) has been used as a probe of the electronic influence of a cyclopentadienyl ring substituent. For unbridged substituents (Me, Et, Pr(i), Bu(t), SiMe(3)), nu(CO(av)) on a per substituent basis correlates well with Hammett sigma(meta) parameters, thereby indicating that the influence of these substituents is via a simple inductive effect. In contrast, the reduction potentials (E degrees ) of the corresponding dichloride complexes (Cp(R))(2)ZrCl(2) do not correlate well with Hammett sigma(meta) parameters, thereby suggesting that factors other than the substituent inductive effect also influence E degrees. Ansa bridges with single-atom linkers, for example [Me(2)C] and [Me(2)Si], exert a net electron-withdrawing effect, but the effect is diminished upon increasing the length of the bridge. Indeed, with a linker comprising a three-carbon chain, the [CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)] ansa bridge becomes electron-donating. In contrast to the electron-withdrawing effect observed for a single [Me(2)Si] ansa bridge, a pair of vicinal [Me(2)Si] ansa bridges exerts an electron-donating effect relative to that from the single bridge. DFT calculations demonstrate that the electron-withdrawing effect of the [Me(2)C] and [Me(2)Si] ansa-bridges is due to stabilization of the cyclopentadienyl ligand acceptor orbital, which subsequently enhances back-donation from the metal. The calculations also indicate that the electron-donating effect of two vicinal [Me(2)Si] ansa bridges, relative to that of a single bridge, is a result of it enforcing a ligand conformation that reduces back-donation from the metal.
CoPhIR: a Test Collection for Content-Based Image Retrieval (2009)

The scalability, as well as the effectiveness, of the different Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) approaches proposed in literature, is today an important research issue. Given the wealth of images on the Web, CBIR systems must in fact leap towards Web-scale datasets. In this paper, we report on our experience in building a test collection of 100 million images, with the corresponding descriptive features, to be used in experimenting new scalable techniques for similarity searching, and comparing their results. In the context of the SAPIR (Search on Audio-visual content using Peer-to-peer Information Retrieval) European project, we had to experiment our distributed similarity searching technology on a realistic data set. Therefore, since no large-scale collection was available for research purposes, we had to tackle the non-trivial process of image crawling and descriptive feature extraction (we used five MPEG-7 features) using the European EGEE computer GRID. The result of this effort is CoPhIR, the first CBIR test collection of such scale. CoPhIR is now open to the research community for experiments and comparisons, and access to the collection was already granted to more than 50 research groups worldwide.
GlimpseData (2014)

Emerging wearable devices provide a new opportunity for mobile context-aware applications to use continuous audio/video sensing data as primitive inputs. Due to the high-datarate and compute-intensive nature of the inputs, it is important to design frameworks and applications to be efficient. We present the GlimpseData framework to collect and analyze data for studying continuous high-datarate mobile perception. As a case study, we show that we can use low-powered sensors as a filter to avoid sensing and processing video for face detection. Our relatively simple mechanism avoids processing roughly 60% of video frames while missing only 10% of frames with faces in them.
Forward programming of pluripotent stem cells towards distinct cardiovascular cell types (2009)

Our findings show proof of principle for cardiovascular subtype-specific programming of pluripotent stem cells and confirm the molecular hierarchy for cardiovascular specification initiated via MesP1 with differentiation factors such as Nkx2.5 further downstream.
SIRFLOX: Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing First-Line mFOLFOX6 (Plus or Minus Bevacizumab) Versus mFOLFOX6 (Plus or Minus Bevacizumab) Plus Selective Internal Radiation Therapy in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2016)

The addition of SIRT to FOLFOX-based first-line chemotherapy in patients with liver-dominant or liver-only metastatic colorectal cancer did not improve PFS at any site but significantly delayed disease progression in the liver. The safety profile was as expected and was consistent with previous studies.
Recovering software architecture from the names of source files (1999)

We discuss how to extract a useful set of subsystems from a set of existing source-code file names. This problem is challenging because many legacy systems use thousands of files names, including some that are very short and cryptic. At the same time the problem is important because software maintainers often find it difficult to understand such systems. We propose a general algorithm to cluster files based on their names, and a set of alternative methods for implementing the algorithm. One of the key tasks is picking candidate words to try to identify in file names. We do this by (a) iteratively decomposing file names, (b) finding common substrings, and (c) choosing words in routine names, in an English dictionary or in source-code comments. In addition, we investigate generating abbreviations from the candidate words in order to find matches in file names, as well as how to split file names into components given no word markers. To compare and evaluate our five approaches, we present two experiments. The first compares the ‘concepts’ found in each file name by each method with the results of manually decomposing file names. The second experiment compares automatically generated subsystems with subsystem examples proposed by experts. We conclude that two methods are most effective: extracting concepts using common substrings and extracting those concepts that relate to the names of routines in the files. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ROLE OF CELL-CELL ADHESION IN PROFILIN-1-DEPENDENT MODULATION OF BREAST CANCER CELL PROLIFERATION (2009)

Hallmarks of progression of epithelial-derived tumors include downregulation of cell-cell adhesion, dysregulated cell proliferation, increased resistance to apoptosis and acquisition of motile and invasive phenotype. Profilin-1 (Pfn1) is a ubiquitously expressed actin-binding protein which is required for proliferation and migration of most normal cells, yet its expression is significantly downregulated in various types of adenocarcinoma including those originating in breast, pancreas and liver. Tumor-suppressive action of Pfn1 on breast cancer cells has also been previously documented in the literature. The present study shows that loss of Pfn1 expression in normal human mammary epithelial cells leads to junctional delocalization of E-cadherin with a concomitant reduction in cell-cell adhesion, reduced cell-matrix adhesion, increased cell proliferation and a hypermotile phenotype. These findings may provide a possible insight on why Pfn1 expression is downregulated in breast cancer cells. Using MDA-MB-231 as a model system for mesenchymal breast cancer cell type, we further show that overexpression of Pfn1 can restore adherence junctions and phenotypic reversion to an epithelioid-type through junctional stabilization of an endogenously expressed cadherin molecule. Pfn1 overexpression in MDA-MB-231 cells causes cell-cycle arrest at G1, inhibition in proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Pfn1-induced growth inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cells is partly mediated by upregulation of p27kip1 (a CDK inhibitor) in cell-cell adhesion-dependent manner. We finally show that Pfn1 overexpression also sensitizes MDA-MB-231 cells to apoptosis suggesting the survival of breast cancer cells can also be modulated Pfn1. Taken together, these findings highlight for the first time mechanistic insights underlying some of the tumor-suppressive properties of Pfn1.
Functionally restricted, allospecific, human helper T cell lines that amplify either B cell or cytolytic T cell responses. (1983)

Using a panel of partially cloned, OKT4+, DRw-1-specific, alloproliferative human T cell lines, we have identified two functionally restricted and reciprocating types of helper T cells. One provides major histocompatibility complex-restricted help for plaque-forming cell responses by DRw 1+ allogeneic B cells; the other preferentially amplifies the generation of allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from CTL precursors that have been suboptimally triggered by alloantigen.
Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency: From Phenotype to Genotype (1993)

Summary As a result of the selective screening worldwide during the last 18 years, approximately 250 patients with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency were discovered. Most patients suffer from 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (58%), followed by dihydropteridine reductase deficiency (35%), GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency (3%), and “primapterinuria” (4%). The patients can be treated with neurotransmitter precursors, as well as with tetrahydrobiopterin. However, data on long term treatment are still scarce and it is therefore of great value to investigate all newborns with even mild hyperphenylalaninemia. Cloning of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin makes them to be easily accessible for biochemical and biological studies. So far, all proteins expressed heterologous are active in E. coli. Cloning of the wild type gene and mutant analysis of patients allow the rapid identification of the defective gene on the molecular level.
Isothiocyanates Produced by Brassicaceae Species as Inhibitors of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (2003)

Glucosinolates contained in members of the Brassicaceae release isothiocyanates potentially useful in controlling Fusarium oxysporum pathogens in conifer seedling nursery soils. Our objective was to determine the toxicity of individual isothiocyanates to different growth stages of the fungus. Bioassays with four F. oxysporum isolates were conducted using sealed containers in which 0.3 μl of 2-propenyl, ethyl, buty, phenylethyl, benzyl, or phenyl isothiocyanate was allowed to volatilize. Propenyl and ethyl isothiocyanates were the most fungistatic of those compounds tested. The same concentrations of propenyl and ethyl isothiocyanates that inhibited mycelial growth completely suppressed conidial and chlamydospore germination of all isolates. Other isothiocyanates including ethyl, benzyl, and phenethyl were also fungitoxic to F. oxysporum conidia and chlamydospores. Reduction in pathogen populations resulting from a green-manure crop are likely achievable since chlamydospores are sensitive to isothiocyanate. Pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates infesting nursery soils would likely be most suppressed by species of plants such as Brassica carinata, B. nigra, and B. juncea, which contain glucosi-nolates that release high concentrations of propenyl isothiocyanate.
STRAIN IN THE UPSETTING PROCESS (2007)

In the paper strain distribution in materials commonly referred to as soft materials (electrolytic copper 99,9 % Cu, annealed) and hard ones (steel 20, containing 0,2 % C) produced during hot upsetting process. Numerical calculations were performed with a use of commercial software QForm2D/3D. Significance of the influence of friction forces in the head surface on the free surface profile and distor-tion of rectangular coordination grid of deformations, as well as, effective strain distribution, in various stages of the process was investigated. The results indicate changes in nonuniformity of strain in obtained forgings.
An Alternative to Synthetic Aortic Grafts Using Jejunum (2000)

Synthetic materials currently used for arterial grafts can provoke serious complications such as infection, rejection, and incomplete reendothelialization. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) allografts (homografts) may not share these disadvantages yet still may provide an effective graft alternative. This study was designed to provide additional information concerning the performance of this material when used as an allo-patch graft. A porcine model was selected to enable hemodynamic comparisons to the adult human physiology. Slaughterhouse small intestine was used to prepare the SIS graft material. A well-vascularized section ofjejunum was resected, rinsed, and maintained in 0.9% NaCl solution containing 10% gentamicin. The graft was prepared by removing the serosal layer, inverting the material, and discarding the mucosal surface in a similar manner. The remaining submucosa and stratum compactum constituted the graft material and was subdivided into sizes from 1.5 to 3.0 cm2 tacked to foil for manageability, and was returned to the gentamicin solution. The surgery was initiated with a femoral arterial line in the anesthetized swine, followed by isolation and preparation of the infrarenal aorta for grafting. Cross-clamps were applied and a 1.0 x 1.5-cm section of aortic wall was resected. Two sides of allograft were freed from the foil and sewn into the aorta. Then the remaining sides were removed from the foil and final graft placement was completed. The graft was harvested at postoperative day 28 and presented for microscopic examination. Results confirmed that reendothelialization with neovascularization had occurred during this interval.
Cytokine Production by Cultured Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Infected with a Replication-Deficient Adenoviral Gene Transfer Vector or Wild-Type Adenovirus Type 5 (1996)

Exposure of animals to adenoviral gene transfer vectors has been associated with respiratory tract inflammation. The pathogenesis of this inflammation is unclear. One hypothesis is that viral vectors directly induce production of inflammatory cytokines by host cells in the airways. We exposed cultured human lung cells to an adenovirus-5--based vector containing the cytomegalovirus promoter and lacZ reporter gene (Ad.CMV.lacZ) and to wild-type adenovirus 5 (wtAd5) and measured subsequent release of cytokines into cell culture supernatants. Inoculation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells with Ad.CMV. lacZ at 10(1) to 10(4) plaque-forming units (pfu)/cell resulted in dose-related expression of lacZ by both X-gal staining and immunohistochemistry but did not increase release of interleukin (IL)-8 or IL-6 at 24, 48, or 96 h after inoculation. In the same cultures, tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced marked increases in release of both IL-8 and IL-6 at 24 and 48 h after stimulation. Similar data were observed in the BEAS-2B HBE cell line. HBE cells incubated with wtAd5 at doses of 10(1) to 10(3) pfu/cell did not release increased amounts of IL-6 or IL-8 up to 48 h after inoculation, though wild-type respiratory syncytial virus (3 pfu/HBE cell) infection resulted in increases in both cytokines. Human alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage also showed no increases in cytokine release after incubation with Ad.CMV.lacZ, though relatively little gene transfer occurred in macrophages. These data do not support a role for direct induction of airway epithelial or alveolar macrophage inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of inflammation associated with exposure of airways to adenovirus or to adenoviral gene transfer vectors.
Automated Downlink Analysis for the Deep Space Network (1996)

The downlink analyzer (DLA) is a hybrid learning and monitoring system com-bining classical signal-processing and connectionist (i.e., neural network) pattern classiflcation. It learns to detect and diagnose anomalous operations in the downlink portion of the Deep Space Network, NASA’s communications link to all unmanned spacecraft. To meet its learning and monitoring objectives, the DLA must process data sequences gathered from throughout the downlink. Many sequences have low signal-to-noise ratios, and the sample rates for difierent information sources vary widely. This article describes the technologies employed by the DLA, focusing on aspects that are novel. In the process of learning to date, the DLA has discovered a previously unknown downlink failure mode, providing the flrst direct evidence that it can teach human engineers, scientists, and operators subtle but important factors that lead to the loss of scientiflc data.
Heavy metals contribution of household washing products to municipal wastewater (1994)

ABSTRACT: The contribution of heavy metals from sources including household washing products, other residential sources, water supply and permitted industry to influent wastewater and treated effluent was determined for the wastewater treatment plants of the cities of San Jose/Santa Clara, Palo Alto and Sunnyvale, which are located in the Southern San Francisco Bay Area of Calif. The heavy metals studied were arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, silver, and zinc. In no case were household washing products the major heavy metal contributor to influent wastewater or wastewater effluents. The highest heavy metal contribution from household washing products was from arsenic. It accounted for 13% of the influent and effluent wastewater arsenic content. All other household washing product heavy metals contributions to influent and effluent wastewater were below 0.5% of the total metal present.
Enrichment of Higher Molecular Weight Fractions in Inulin (2004)

Inulin (general formulas GFn and Fm, with G = anhydroglucose and F = anhydrofructose) naturally occurs as a homologous series of oligo- and polysaccharides with different chain lengths. For reasons of growing interest in the food and pet food industries, the short chain inulins have to be separated from their long chain analogues because their properties (digestibility, prebiotic activity and health promoting potential, caloric value, sweetening power, water binding capacity, etc.) differ substantially. To study these properties in relation to the number average degree of polymerization (DPn), ultrafiltration, specific crystallization from aqueous solution, and precipitation from solvent/water mixtures were used to enrich native chicory and dahlia inulin in the higher molecular weight fractions. Depending on the membrane module used, the DPn of chicory inulin (DPn = 8.1) and dahlia inulin (DPn = 29) could be increased by ultrafiltration to a maximum value of, respectively, 22 and 43. With crystallization from aqueous solutions (25 °C), similar results were obtained but at a much higher yield. Finally, long chain inulin could be precipitated from aqueous solutions in the presence of high concentrations of methanol, ethanol, and acetone. Acetone demonstrated to be the best solvent system to increase the DPn, followed by ethanol and methanol. However, for safety reasons and food purposes, ethanol was evaluated to be the best choice. With ethanol, the DPn could be raised to 25 for chicory inulin and up to 40 for dahlia inulin. Keywords: Inulin; chicory; dahlia; number average degree of polymerization; DPn; ultrafiltration; crystallization; solvent precipitation