gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphism and expression in pre-eclampsia (1996)

Pre-eclampsia is an endothelial disorder and TNF-alpha has fundamental effects on endothelial cells by several means, including altering the balance between oxidant and anti-oxidant, changing the pattern of prostaglandin production and affecting expression of several cell surface components. To determine whether TNF-alpha mRNA expression is increased in pre-eclamptic patients, leucocytes from pre-eclamptic patients, normal pregnant women and normal non-pregnant women were studied for TNF-alpha expression using a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Using a model of 373A ABI Sequencer, TNF-alpha gene polymorphism was also analysed by GENESCAN and Genotyper software in order to explain the mechanism of abnormal TNF-alpha expression. Our results show that TNF-alpha mRNA expression is significantly elevated in pre-eclamptic patients compared with the other two control groups. The high expression of TNF-alpha may be associated with the TNF1 allele, whose frequency is markedly increased in pre-eclamptic patients. These observations are consistent with a major role for TNF-alpha in mediating endothelial disturbances, and suggest a key role for TNF-alpha in the development of pre-eclampsia.
A Pilot Rolling Mill Designed for High Strength Steels (2010)

High strength steels, such as austenitic stainless steel, Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) steel and silicon steel, have significant work hardening during cold rolling, which in turn induces a quickly increased rolling force. Tension plays a very important role in the reduction of the rolling force. However, coiler tension control system used in the classic experimental rolling mill requires long-scale strip, which cannot be satisfied for most experimental cases. To overcome this drawback, a new pilot rolling mill has been developed. The horizontally located hydraulic cylinders and clamps have been used to apply tension to the rolled short-scale strip. With this rolling mill, the austenitic stainless steel strip, TRIP steel strip and other high strength strips have been studied.
On-chip RC measurement and calibration circuit using Wheatstone bridge (2008)

In this paper an on-chip RC measurement and calibration circuit using a Wheatstone bridge is presented. In the bridge the resistor R is compared with the virtual resistor of a switched capacitor network. By using a Wheatstone bridge as the measurement principle no accurate timing signals or accurate reference voltages are necessary. The realized system tunes the RC product within 1.5% of the nominal value. The 5 bits digital output of the circuit is used to reduce the spread of critical parameters of analog signal processing blocks like filters, ADCs and DACs. The prototype circuit is part of a large audio and multi-mode baseband test chip for mobile phones. The chip was processed in TSMC's 65 nm CMOS technology and uses both 2.5V and 1.2V supply voltages. The chip area of the RC measurement and calibration circuit is 0.03 mm . Measurement results are given to show the viability of the proposed circuit.
Sub-mW multi-GHz CMOS dual-modulus prescalers based on programmable injection-locked frequency dividers (2008)

Dual-modulus prescalers based on programmable injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) are presented. With a multi-phase injection, variable division ratios are obtained by simply switching different number of input signals. Implemented in a 0.18 mum CMOS process, the 4/5 dual-modulus prescaler achieves an operating range of 1.8-6 GHz with 0.22 mW measured power consumption from a 1 V supply. Based on the same architecture, a 0.15 mW 5 GHz 2/3 dual-modulus prescaler and a 0.29 mW 5.5 GHz 8/9 dual-modulus prescaler are also demonstrated.
Variable-rate signalling in conjunction with coding for meteor burst communications (2002)

The author examines the use of variable-rate signaling in conjunction with error-correction coding for a meteor burst channel model which assumes that the received signal amplitude decays exponentially. The performance achievable with variable-rate signaling is quantified by calculating the cutoff rate. The average signal-to-noise ratio per bit required to support communications is calculated under the assumption that the code rate is equal to the cutoff rate. It is shown that the improvement of variable-rate signaling over fixed-rate signaling is large if the code rate is moderate to high, and that the improvement is small if the code rate is low and the decoder is provided with side information on the received signal level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Genomic Analysis of the F3031 Brazilian Purpuric Fever Clone of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Biogroup Aegyptius by PCR-Based Subtractive Hybridization (2002)

PCR-based subtractive genome hybridization produced clones harboring inserts present in Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF) prototype strain F3031 but absent in noninvasive Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius isolate F1947. Some of these inserts have no matches in the GenBank database, while others are similar to genes encoding either known or hypothetical proteins. One insert represents a 2.3-kb locus with similarity to a Thermotoga maritima hypothetical protein, while another is part of a 7.6-kb locus that contains predicted genes encoding hypothetical, phage-related, and carotovoricin Er-like proteins. The presence of DNA related to these loci is variable among BPF isolates and nontypeable H. influenzae strains, while neither of them was detected in strains of types a to f. The data indicate that BPF-causing strain F3031 harbors unique chromosomal regions, most of which appear to be acquired from unrelated microbial sources.
Rational design of point mutation-selective antisense DNA targeted to codon 12 of Ha-<i>ras</i>mRNA in human cells (1995)

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to Ha-ras mRNA have been designed to discriminate between the codon 12-mutated oncogene and the normal proto-oncogene. An in vitro assay using two different sources of RNase H (rabbit reticulocyte lysates and nuclear extract from HeLa cells) was used to characterize oligonucleotide binding to normal and mutated Ha-ras mRNA. Short oligonucleotides (12- or 13mers) centered on the mutation had a very high discriminatory efficiency. Longer oligonucleotides (16mers) did not discriminate efficiently between the mutated and the normal mRNA. We have tested the efficacy of dodecanucleotides to induce RNase H cleavage of the full-length mRNA, moving the target sequence from the loop to the stem region which is formed in the vicinity of mutated codon 12. The most selective oligonucleotides were centered on the mutation which is located near the junction between the loop and stem regions even though they were less efficient at inducing RNase H cleavage than those targeted to the loop region. The 12mer antisense oligonucleotide with the highest discriminatory power was selected for cell culture studies. This oligonucleotide inhibited the proliferation of a human cell line which had been transformed with the mutated Ha-ras gene (HBL100ras1) but had no effect on the parental cell line which was transfected with the vector DNA (HBL 100neo) and expressed only the normal Ha-ras gene. Growth inhibition of HBL100ras1 cells was associated with specific ablation of targeted Ha-ras mRNA as shown by RT-PCR. These results show that 'in vitro' evaluation using an RNase H assay allowed us to select an antisense oligonucleotide which elicited a selectivity towards point-mutated Ha-ras mRNA when added at 10 microM concentration to the culture medium of cells expressing wild type and mutated Ha-ras mRNA.
The ‘petite‐negative’ yeast <i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i> has a single gene expressing pyruvate decarboxylase activity (1996)

We cloned and sequenced the pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC; EC 4.1.1.1) structural gene KIPDCA in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis and found it to be allelic to the previously isolated rag6 mutation. The putative amino acid sequence of the KIPdcAp appeared to be highly homologous to those of the yeast Pdc proteins identified so far. The disruption of KIPDCA indicated that it is the only PDC structural gene in K. lactis, as evidenced by the lack of PDC activity and ethanol production in the pdcA delta strains and by the absence of growth on glucose in the presence of respiratory inhibitors. It was observed that expression of the KIPDCA gene is induced by glucose at the transcriptional level. Transcription of the gene was reduced in the rag1, rag2, rag5 and rag8 mutants, which are defective for the low-affinity glucose permease, phosphoglucose isomerase, hexokinase, and a positive regulator of RAG1 expression, respectively.
PARIS: a parallel inference system (2005)

This paper presents an inferential system based on abductive interpretation of text. Inference to the best explanation is performed by the recognition of the most economic semantic paths produced by the propagation of markers on a very large linguistic knowledge base. The propagation of markers is controlled by their intrinsic propagation rules, devised from plausible semantic relation chains. An interpretation is inferred whenever two markers collide. Using a very large knowledge base, our inferential system aims at producing interpretations accountable for common sense reasoning. The novelty is that the inference rules model a large variety of implications, as suggested by the knowledge base relations. Textual implicatures are recognized as pragmatic inferences.
Synthesis of an Acyltrifluoroborate and Its Fusion with Azides To Form Amides (2010)

A uniquely stable acyl potassium trifluoroborate, potassium (2-phenylacetyl)trifluoroborate, has been synthesized and isolated. In the presence of an activating Lewis acid, this reagent reacts with azides to form amides in good yields.
Fabrication and rf surface resistance of superconducting lead cavity by a press forming technique (1980)

Abstract This paper describes fabrication and characteristics of 10‐GHz‐band TM 010 ‐mode superconducting cavities with electroplated lead films on the walls of press‐formed copper shells. The cavity is made up of two symmetrical pieces of copper, and rf current flows parallel to their joint planes. Homogeneous lead films are obtained on copper substrate by using a lead anode with a hemispheric projection. In order to make the rf joints in the cavity, either (a) lead wires were inserted between the copper subtrates with lead films, or (b) indium wires are used between copper substrates on which lead is electroplated. Temperature dependence of Q‐factors of the lead cavities was measured at low temperatures for input power less than 3 mW in an environment where terrestrial magnetism was compensated to be within 20 mG. Q‐factors on the order of 10 9 were obtained for cavities prepared by the method (b). They also showed residual rf surface resistances as low as 2 × 10 ‐8 ω, which is less than that of TE‐mode lead cavities reported so far for the same frequency range.
<title>Guided-Wave Acousto-Optical Devices On Silicon</title> (1980)

Silicon substrate is attractive for many guided-wave optical devices because of its superb electronic properties and the broad spectrum of fabrication technologies available. Acousto-optic interaction can provide active electro-optical functions for those devices on the electro-optically passive substrate. Hybrid material technologies such as the deposition of oriented ZnO thin film and the deposition of thin films with high photoelastic coefficients are employed for the generation of surface acoustic waves and for the preparation of optical waveguides for acousto-optic interaction. The performances of such devices are limited by surface acoustic wave propagation loss, by the acoustic wave dispersion on multi-layered structure, by restricted optical aperture dimension, and by the electromechanical conversion efficiency of the thin film piezoelectric element. The discussion involves a number of guided-wave acousto-optic devices with applications ranging from RF spectrum analysis, acousto-optical filtering, to optical interferometry.
Improving plasma uniformity using lens-shaped electrodes in a large area very high frequency reactor (2004)

Experiments using a lens-shaped circular electrode are described to measure the correction of plasma nonuniformity due to the standing wave effect in a large area very high frequency plasma reactor. This work is the experimental verification of the theoretical reactor design in cylindrical geometry recently presented by L. Sansonnens and J. Schmitt, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 182 (2003). It is found that the lens-shaped electrode effectively compensates the standing wave effects by creating a uniform rf vertical electric field in the plasma volume. The plasma is uniform, except for edge effects, for a wide range of parameters and consequently the design is suitable for plasma processing.
A Carbohydrate-Binding Arabinogalactan-Protein From Liquid Suspension Cultures of Endosperm From <i>Lolium multiflorum</i> (1977)

Water-soluble arabinogalactan-proteins have been isolated from tissue-cultured rye grass endosperm cells and their culture medium by precipitation with the β-glucosyl Yariv artificial antigen. The intracellular and extracellular polymers are similar in composition and molecular size (apparent mol. wt 2.2 — 2.8 × 105). The protein portion represents up to 7% of the molecule and is rich in hydroxyproline, alanine and serine. The carbohydrate portion (84%) consists solely of arabinose (36%) and galactose (64%) and methylation analysis shows it to be a branched 1,3 : 1,6-galactan substituted by arabinofuranosyl residues. The carbohydrate compositions and methylation analyses for polymers precipitated by the β-glucosyl Yariv antigen from lima beans, cashew, tomato, silver beet and asparagus and an arabinogalactan-peptide from wheat endosperm are compared. As a group, they show homologies both in their peptide and polysaccharide portions. A histochemical method, based on precipitation with the β-glucosyl Yariv antigen, showed the binding polymers to be localized in discrete irregular vesicles in the tissue-cultured rye grass endosperm cells. Native rye grass endosperm cells show staining between starch granules, and staining is also seen in the aleurone cells of barley, wheat and rye grass.
Anti-<i>Helicobacter </i><i>p</i><i>ylori</i> Compounds from <i>Santalum </i><i>a</i><i>lbum</i> (2005)

Six new sesquiterpenes, (Z)-2beta-hydroxy-14-hydro-beta-santalol (1), (Z)-2alpha-hydroxy-albumol (2), 2R-(Z)-campherene-2,13-diol (3), (Z)-campherene-2beta,13-diol (4), (Z)-7-hydroxynuciferol (5), and (Z)-1beta-hydroxy-2-hydrolanceol (6), together with five known compounds, (Z)-alpha-santalol (7), (Z)-beta-santalol (8), (Z)-lanceol (9), alpha-santaldiol (10), and beta-santaldiol (11), were isolated from Santalum album, by using bioassay-guided fractionation for Helicobacter pylori. The structures were determined by extensive NMR studies. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was determined by a modified Mosher method. The crude extracts as well as the isolated compounds showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori. Especially, compounds 7 and 8 have strong anti-H. pylori activities against a clarithromycin-resistant strain (TS281) as well as other strains.
HORMONE AND ENZYME ASSAYS IN PREGNANCY (1974)

ABSTRACT Simultaneous measurements of plasma human chorionic somatomammotrophin (HCS) 1 ), progesterone and placental cystine-aminopeptidase (P-CAP) was performed during normal human pregnancies from about day 70 to term. By using Phadebas® HCS Test (Pharmacia) the HCS levels showed a gradual increase from detectable values at about day 70 to 5.6 μg/ml (mean level) at term. Both a wide range in the plasma levels and daily variations up to 1.5 μg/ml were observed. The lower limit during the last 2 months was 4.0–4.5 μg/ml. The gradually increasing plasma levels of progesterone showed considerable variations between and in each individual, especially during the last trimester. Individual variations up to 100 ng/ml from one day to another were observed. The lower limit of progesterone during the last trimester was about 30 ng/ml. These great variations make the progesterone assay of limited value as an index of the placental function. The P-CAP showed a gradual increase toward term, but the variations were minor compared with the HCS and progesterone levels. No systematic relationship between the HCS, progesterone and P-CAP values were found. In evaluation of the placental function, simultaneous measurements of hormones with a short half-life and enzymes with a long half-life would be benificial.
Milbemycin-avermectin studies. 5. Total synthesis of milbemycin .beta.3 and its C(12) epimer (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMilbemycin-avermectin studies. 5. Total synthesis of milbemycin .beta.3 and its C(12) epimerSteven R. Schow, Jonathan D. Bloom, Andrew S. Thompson, Kevin N. Winzenberg, and Amos B. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 10, 2662–2674Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00270a027https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00270a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1843Altmetric-Citations87LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Different Approaches To Quantify <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cells by Real-Time Quantitative PCR and Application of This Technique for Examination of Cheese (2001)

Two different real-time quantitative PCR (RTQ-PCR) approaches were applied for PCR-based quantification of Staphylococcus aureus cells by targeting the thermonuclease (nuc) gene. Purified DNA extracts from pure cultures of S. aureus were quantified in a LightCycler system using SYBR Green I. Quantification proved to be less sensitive (60 nuc gene copies/microl) than using a fluorigenic TaqMan probe (6 nuc gene copies/microl). Comparison of the LightCycler system and the well-established ABI Prism 7700 SDS with TaqMan probes revealed no statistically significant differences with respect to sensitivity and reproducibility. Application of the RTQ-PCR assay to quantify S. aureus cells in artificially contaminated cheeses of different types achieved sensitivities from 1.5 x 10(2) to 6.4 x 10(2) copies of the nuc gene/2 g, depending on the cheese matrix. The coefficients of correlation between log CFU and nuc gene copy numbers ranged from 0.979 to 0.998, thus enabling calculation of the number of CFU of S. aureus in cheese by performing RTQ-PCR.
Polymorphism of Phosphoric Oxide<sup>*</sup> (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymorphism of Phosphoric Oxide*W. L. Hill, G. T. Faust, and S. B. HendricksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 5, 794–802Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01245a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01245a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views191Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A versatile, highly efficient, and potentially safer <i>piggyBac</i> transposon system for mammalian genome manipulations (2013)

The piggyBac transposon is one of the most attractive nonviral tools for mammalian genome manipulations. Given that piggybac mobilizes in a "cut-and-paste" fashion, integrant remobilization could potentially damage the host genome. Here, we report a novel piggyBac transposon system with a series of recombinant transposases. We found that the transposition activity of wild-type (PBase) and hyperactive (hyPBase) piggyBac transposases can be significantly increased by peptide fusions in a cell-type dependent fashion, with the greatest change typically seen in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The two most potent recombinant transposases, TPLGMH and ThyPLGMH, give a 9- and 7-fold increase, respectively, in the number of integrants in HEK293 compared with Myc-tagged PBase (MycPBase), and both display 4-fold increase in generating induced pluripotential stem cells. Interestingly, ThyPLGMH but not TPLGMH shows improved chromosomal excision activity (2.5-fold). This unique feature of TPLGMH provides the first evidence that integration activity of a transposase can be drastically improved without increasing its remobilization activity. Transposition catalyzed by ThyPLGMH is more random and occurs further from CpG islands than that catalyzed by MycPBase or TPLGMH. Our transposon system diversifies the mammalian genetic toolbox and provides a spectrum of piggyBac transposases that is better suited to different experimental purposes.