gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$In~Situ$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> and In-Field Technique for Monitoring and Decelerating NBTI in 6T-SRAM Register Files (2018)

This paper presents a technique to monitor and decelerate transistor threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> ) degradation caused by negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) in SRAM-based register files (RFs). The monitoring technique is in situ as it can directly sense the V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> of pMOSs in a bitcell. It is also infield (i.e., postchip deployment) since the sensor output is robust to temperature and supply-voltage variations. The monitoring technique is complemented with a software framework that can create recovery vectors (RVSRV) based on the measured V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> degradation, which we can decelerate NBTI degradation by storing them opportunistically in an RF when the system is at stand-by mode. Test chips for a 1-kb RF with the proposed technique are prototyped in a 65-nm process. The average errors to monitor a considerable amount of NBTI degradation (>30-mV VTii degrading) against temperature (20 °C-80 °C) and supply-voltage (0.5-1 V) variations are 19% and 22%, respectively. These errors are 4.4× and 3.4× smaller than the previous in situ techniques. In addition, the experiments across multiple chips show that the generated RVSRV can recover a good portion of NBTI degradation and thus decelerate the degradation of data retention voltage. The area overhead of the proposed technique is 27% for the 1-kb RF and estimated to be 21% for a 4-kb RF.
Baseline Studies of the Clay Minerals Society Source Clays: Cation Exchange Capacity Measurements by the Ammonia-Electrode Method (2001)

The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of fine-grained materials, and especially clay minerals, is a fundamental property of these materials, and can be determined routinely. A search of the recent literature illustrates the great interest of this property to researchers. For example, a search of the GeoRef database for references to “cation exchange capacity” for the years 1980 to 1999 yields 2559 citations.
Prednisone Withdrawal Followed by Interferon Alpha for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection (2001)

Immunosuppressive therapy increases levels of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, and when combined with interferon, corticosteroids have been reported to variably improve or have no effect on sustained response rates. We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 39 patients with biopsy-proven chronic HCV infection and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels. Patients received either 6 weeks of a tapering dose of prednisone (60 ng, 40 mg, and 20 mg in 2-week intervals) or an identical placebo. All patients then received recombinant interferon alpha-2b, 3 million units three times a week for 24 weeks. Patients were then followed for a further 24 weeks. At the end of the study there was no significant difference in the sustained biochemical response rates between the two groups (4/20 vs. 3/19, p value was not significant). Prednisone-treated patients had a significant increase in HCV RNA from baseline during steroid treatment (400 +/- 60% increase vs. -280 +/- 140% decrease; p = 0.005). Two prednisone-treated patients were withdrawn from the study secondary to serious complications related to therapy. Prednisone priming before interferon alpha therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection does not improve the sustained response rate. This therapy was associated with an increase in viral burden and significant morbidity.
Anisotropic Swelling and Fracture of Silicon Nanowires during Lithiation (2011)

We report direct observation of an unexpected anisotropic swelling of Si nanowires during lithiation against either a solid electrolyte with a lithium counter-electrode or a liquid electrolyte with a LiCoO(2) counter-electrode. Such anisotropic expansion is attributed to the interfacial processes of accommodating large volumetric strains at the lithiation reaction front that depend sensitively on the crystallographic orientation. This anisotropic swelling results in lithiated Si nanowires with a remarkable dumbbell-shaped cross section, which develops due to plastic flow and an ensuing necking instability that is induced by the tensile hoop stress buildup in the lithiated shell. The plasticity-driven morphological instabilities often lead to fracture in lithiated nanowires, now captured in video. These results provide important insight into the battery degradation mechanisms.
Recursive reconstruction of high resolution image from noisy undersampled multiframes (1990)

In several applications it is required to reconstruct a high-resolution noise-free image from multipath frames of undersampled low-resolution noisy images. Using the aliasing relationship between the undersamples frames and the reference image, an algorithm based on weighted recursive least-squares theory is developed in the wavenumber domain. This algorithm is efficient because interpolation and noise removal are performed recursively, and is highly suitable for implementation via the massively parallel computational architectures currently available. Success in the use of the algorithm is demonstrated through various simulated examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nutrients differentially regulate multiple translation factors and their control by insulin (1999)

Eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2B and eukaryotic elongation factor eEF2 each mediate regulatory steps important for the overall regulation of mRNA translation in mammalian cells and are activated by insulin.Here, we demonstrate that their activation by insulin requires the presence, in the medium in which the cells are maintained, of both amino acids and glucose : insulin only induced activation of eIF2B and the dephosphorylation of eEF2 when cells were exposed to both types of nutrient.Other translational regulators, e.g. the 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70 S6 kinase) and the eIF4E binding protein 1, 4E-BP1, are also regulated by insulin but their control does not require glucose, only amino acids.The effects of nutrients on the activation of eIF2B do not reflect changes in the phosphorylation of eIF2 (and, by inference, operation of a kinase analogous to yeast Gcn2p), or a requirement for nutrients for inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 or dephosphorylation of eIF2B.Abbreviations used : 2-DOG, 2-deoxy-D-glucose ; 3-OMG, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose ; eIF, eukaryotic initiation factor ; 4E-BP, eIF4E-binding protein ; CHO.T cells, Chinese hamster ovary cells over-expressing the human insulin receptor ; eEF, eukaryotic elongation factor ; GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase-3 ; MAP kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase ; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin ; p70 S6 kinase, 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase ; PKB, protein kinase B.1 These authors contributed equally to the studies described in this article. 2To whom correspondence should
Compensation and contributory fault (1974)

Compensation and contributory fault KEVIN WILLIAMS KEVIN WILLIAMS *Lecturer in Law, Lanchester Polytechnic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Industrial Law Journal, Volume 3, Issue 1, 1974, Pages 160–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/ilj/3.1.160 Published: 01 June 1974
10 Gbit/s RZ transmission over more than 2000 km of standard fibre with dispersion management (1999)

Dispersion management has been used successfully in several experiments to transmit data at 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s over standard fibre. Dispersion management is particularly useful for this problem as the installed standard fibre has a high dispersion at 1.5 /spl mu/m. In order to operate at high data rates at this wavelength it is useful to lower the average dispersion by using a length of dispersion compensating fibre. A novel dispersion map is used to transmit data at a rate of 40 Gbit/s in a standard fibre. Using numerical modelling we show that it is possible to transmit data at 40 Gbit/s over more than 2000 km of standard fibre using quasi-linear pulses.
A New and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Trifluoromethylthio- and Selenoethers (2003)

[reaction: see text] A new atom-economic procedure for preparation of trifluoromethyl thio- and selenoethers is reported, wherein both halves of aryl and alkyl disulfides and diselenides are able to be utilized with high efficiency.
Principal-component analysis applied to chromatographic data (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrincipal-component analysis applied to chromatographic dataDonald. Macnaughtan, L. B. Rogers, and Grant. WernimontCite this: Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 8, 1421–1427Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60316a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60316a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views324Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The FtsH Protein Accumulates at the Septum of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> during Cell Division and Sporulation (2000)

The ftsH gene encodes an ATP- and Zn(2+)-dependent metalloprotease which is anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via two transmembrane segments in such a way that the very short amino- and the long carboxy termini are exposed to the cytoplasm. Deletion of the ftsH gene in Bacillus subtilis results in a pleiotropic phenotype such as filamentous growth. This observation prompted us to ask whether ftsH is involved in cell division. A translational fusion was constructed between the complete coding region of ftsH and gfp(+) the latter carrying five point mutations to obtain enhanced fluorescence. We detected that the FtsH protein accumulates in the midcell septum of dividing cells, and during sporulation first in the asymmetrically located septa of sporulating cells and later in the membrane which engulfs the forespore. These observations revealed a new function of FtsH.
OESTROUS BEHAVIOUR, OVULATION AND THE FORMATION OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM IN THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT, (1966)

Summary A female elephant was observed throughout most of oestrus, and was then shot. The cow was mated by many different bulls during the course of oestrus. Initially, there seemed to be little competition between bulls for the cow, but as oestrus wore on, fighting broke out amongst the bulls and one eventually appeared to establish mastery, driving the other bulls away. It was interesting that this master bull showed no discharge from his temporal glands.
Morpholine Degradation Pathway of <i>Mycobacterium aurum</i> MO1: Direct Evidence of Intermediates by In Situ <sup>1</sup> H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1998)

Resting Mycobacterium aurum MO1 cells were incubated with morpholine, a waste from the chemical industry. The kinetics of biodegradation was monitored by using in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The incubation medium was directly analyzed by 1H NMR. This technique allowed the unambiguous identification of two intermediates of the metabolic pathway involved in the biodegradation process, glycolate and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)acetate. The latter compound, which was not commercially available, was synthesized, in three steps, from 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol. Quantitative analysis of the kinetics of degradation of morpholine was performed by integrating the signals of the different metabolites in 1H-NMR spectra. Morpholine was degraded within 10 h. The intermediates increased during the first 10 h and finally disappeared after 20 h incubation. Assays of degradation were also carried out with glycolate and ethanolamine, hypothetical intermediates of the morpholine degradation pathway. They were degraded within 4 and 8 h, respectively. Until now, no tool for direct detection of intermediates or even morpholine has been available, consequently, only hypothetical pathways have been proposed. The approach described here gives both qualitative and quantitative information about the metabolic routes used in morpholine degradation by M. aurum MO1. It could be used to investigate many biodegradative processes.
An evolutionary fuzzy color emotion model for coloring support systems (2008)

In this study, we improved the coloring support system that was proposed in our previous research. The previous system could advise color combinations for clothing. The user enters some emotional keywords, such as “casual” and “pretty,” which are impressions put forth by colors, and the system retrieves color combinations that seem to suit the keyword from a color database. The proposed system has many fuzzy color emotion models, which are controlled by parameters for defining membership functions or fuzzy rules. These models are evolved using interactive genetic algorithms, to adapt them to the user’s particular emotional responses, because human reactions vary for each individual. This paper proposes a method for the advanced evolution of the fuzzy color emotion model. This method supports co-evaluation of color combinations, which exhibits a better performance in evolving models compared to the previous method.
<i>Solirubrobacterales</i> (2015)

Abstract So.li.ru.bro.bac'te.ra.les. N.L. masc. n. Solirubrobacter type genus of the order; suff. ‐ ales ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n. Solirubrobacterales the Solirubrobacter order. Actinobacteria \ Thermoleophilia \ Solirubrobacterales Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the order Solirubrobacterales is: correct name (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Bacteria / Bacillati / Actinomycetota / Thermoleophilia / Solirubrobacterales The order Solirubrobacterales can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as o__Solirubrobacterales (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Bacteria / p__Actinomycetota / c__Thermoleophilia / o__Solirubrobacterales * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776
Chemistry of Fluorinated Carbon Acids: Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, and Catalysis (2015)

The bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]methyl (Tf2CH; Tf=SO2CF3) group is known to be one of the strongest carbon acid functionalities. The acidity of such carbon acids in the gas phase is stronger than that of sulfuric acid. Our recent investigations have demonstrated that this type of carbon acids work as novel acid catalysts. In this paper, recent achievements in carbon acid chemistry by our research group, including synthesis, physicochemical properties, and catalysis, are summarized.
Snapshot head imaging at 0.5 T using the echo planar technique (1988)

The echo planar imaging (EPI) method and related variants of this technique can produce complete two-dimensional images from the data collected in a single experiment lasting a fraction of a second. EPI methods are used at 0.5 T to produce snapshot images of the human head with a spatial resolution of less than 2 mm.
Comparison of interleukin-6 levels in the bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients with disease severity and clonogenicity in vitro. (1991)

Fifteen of 25 bone marrow aspirates from 23 patients who presented or had been treated for multiple myeloma at the Royal Marsden Hospital produced myeloma colonies (MY-CFUc) in vitro. There was no correlation between disease severity and the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bone marrow plasma nor was there any evidence that the level of IL-6 was higher in bone marrow aspirates from patients whose tumour produced MY-CFUc in vitro compared with those who did not. The mean level of IL-6 in the whole group of patients was 0.41 ng/ml (range 0.1-0.66 ng/ml), a value similar to that found in plasma from normal donor bone marrow, 0.42 ng/ml (range 0.14-0.62 ng/ml). Separation of peripheral blood cells from serum 24 h after collection, compared with 2 h after collection, resulted in a substantial increase of IL-6 in the serum. The results suggest that levels of IL-6 in bone marrow plasma is not a monitor of disease severity in multiple myeloma (MM) and that the collection and separation of blood and/or bone marrow samples into the cellular and aqueous components should be performed using standardized conditions to minimize inter-sample variation resulting from the release of IL-6 from the cellular components.
Dihydroergotamine and its metabolite, 8′‐hydroxy‐dihydroergo‐tamine, as 5‐HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor agonists in the rat brain (2003)

1 In addition to stopping migraine attacks, dihydroergotamine (DHE) is an efficient drug for migraine prophylaxis. Whether 5-HT(1A) receptors could contribute to the latter action was assessed by investigating the effects of DHE and its metabolite, 8'-OH-DHE, on these receptors in the rat brain. 2 Membrane binding assays with [(3)H]8-OH-DPAT and [(3)H]WAY 100635 as radioligands showed that both DHE (IC(50)=28-30 nM) and 8'-OH-DHE (IC(50)=8-11 nM) are high-affinity 5-HT(1A) receptor ligands. 3 Both DHE and 8'-OH-DHE enhanced the specific binding of [(35)S]GTP-gamma-S to the dorsal raphe nucleus and the hippocampus in brain sections, but to a lower extent than 5-carboxamido-tryptamine (5-CT) in the latter area. 4 Both DHE (EC(50)=10.9+/-0.3 nM) and 8'-OH-DHE (EC(50)=30.4+/-0.8 nM) inhibited the firing of serotoninergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus within brain stem slices. 5 Intracellular recording showed that 8'-OH-DHE was more potent than DHE to hyperpolarize CA1 pyramidal cells in rat hippocampal slices. 6 Both the stimulatory effects of DHE and 8'-OH-DHE on [(35)S]GTP-gamma-S binding and their electrophysiological effects were completely prevented by the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY 100635. 7 As expected of 5-HT(1A) receptor partial agonists, DHE and 8'-OH-DHE prevented any subsequent hyperpolarization of CA1 pyramidal cells by 5-HT or 5-CT. 8 Through their actions at 5-HT(1A) auto- (in the dorsal raphe nucleus) and hetero-(notably in the hippocampus) receptors, DHE, and even more its metabolite 8'-OH-DHE, can exert both an inhibitory influence on neuronal excitability and anxiolytic effects which might contribute to their antimigraine prophylactic efficiency.
Fiction and (Post) Feminism in Atwood's "Bodily Harm" (1985)

Margaret Atwood's fifth and latest novel, Bodily Harm, engages corrosive question of post-feminist 80s: Why would any woman today label herself a feminist?' The protagonist of book, a free-lance journalist named Rennie Wilford, is thought to be way out ahead of it by Canadians in know. Early in novel we learn that she has already written a well-received piece, entitled Burned Out, on alleged death of Women's Movement: interviews with eight women who'd explained why they'd gone into weaving placemats and painting miniature landscapes on bottles, instead.2 The present-tense action of book takes Rennie from Toronto, where she has recently had a mastectomy, to a little-known Caribbean island, where she meets among others a woman named Lora. Bored by stories that brash, uncultivated Lora tells, Rennie tunes out when she talks and condescendingly notes that the Women's Movement would have loved Lora, back in early seventies (87). But Rennie's breast cancer has come at an already painful period of self-doubt in her life as a woman and a writer, and when she subsequently steps unwittingly into center of a minor revolution and is imprisoned as a spy, she sees for herself oppression and brutality Lora has always lived with and recounted. The heroine of radical chic is finally radicalized; and by validating Lora's experience of female oppression, novel implies that only most naive and solipsistic (like its heroine, Rennie) can find grim premises of feminism boring, cliched, and outdated. In fact, Bodily Harm suggests, stories women told in 60s and 70s are still true, terrifying, and subversive, as Rennie in end admits.
mSiglec-E, a novel mouse CD33-related siglec (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin) that recruits Src homology 2 (SH2)-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 (2001)

The sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) represent a recently defined distinct subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily. By using the Src homology 2 (SH2)-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have identified a new member of the mouse siglec family, mSiglec-E. The mSiglec-E cDNA encodes a protein of 467 amino acids that contains three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail bearing two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). mSiglec-E is highly expressed in mouse spleen, a tissue rich in leucocytes. The ITIMs of mSiglec-E can recruit SHP-1 and SHP-2, two inhibitory regulators of immunoreceptor signal transduction. This suggests that the function of mSiglec-E is probably an involvement in haematopoietic cells and the immune system as an inhibitory receptor. When expressed in COS-7 cells, mSiglec-E was able to mediate sialic acid-dependent binding to human red blood cells, suggesting that mSiglec-E may function through cell–cell interactions. In comparison with the known members of the siglec family, mSiglec-E exhibits a high degree of sequence similarity to both human siglec-7 and siglec-9. The gene encoding mSiglec-E is localized in the same chromosome as that encoding mouse CD33. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that neither mouse mSiglec-E nor CD33 shows a clear relationship with any human siglecs so far identified.