gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A current source converter fed high power wind energy conversion system with superconducting magnetic storage system in DC link (2010)

A new current source converter (CSC) fed high power wind energy conversion system (WECS) with superconducting magnetic storage system (SMES) is proposed in this paper. The key is to integrate the SMES coil into the DC link of the CSC fed WECS, in such a way that the proposed system incorporates both the advantages of CSC based WECS and SMES, namely the simple configuration and PWM strategy, good output voltage waveform, high fault tolerant capability, straightforward control etc. Firstly, the design criterion of system parameters is given; Secondly, the standard control scheme for the system is developed; Thirdly, the control strategy under the limit condition for low DC link current operation is analyzed and designed; Finally, simulation on a 2.4-MW wind turbine is carried out for several operating cases to verify the proposed system and control.
Carrageenan Gum and Adherent Invasive Escherichia coli in a Piglet Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Impact on Intestinal Mucosa-associated Microbiota (2016)

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic conditions characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) pathotype has been increasingly implicated in the etiopathogenesis of IBD. In a 21-day study, we investigated the effects of AIEC strain UM146 inoculation on microbiota profile of the ileal, cecal, ascending and descending colon in a pig model of experimental colitis. Carrageenan gum (CG) was used to induce colitis in weaner piglets whereas AIEC strain UM146 previously isolated from a CD patient was included to investigate a cause or consequence effect in IBD. Treatments were: (1) control; (2) CG; (3) AIEC strain UM146; and (4) CG+UM146. Pigs in groups 2 and 4 received 1% CG in drinking water from day 1 of the study while pigs in groups 3 and 4 were inoculated with UM146 on day 8. Following euthanization on day 21, tissue mucosal scrapings were collected and used for DNA extraction. The V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was then subjected to Illumina sequencing. Microbial diversity, composition, and the predicted functional metagenome were determined in addition to short chain fatty acids profiles in the digesta and inflammatory cytokines in the intestinal tissue. CG-induced colitis decreased bacterial species richness and shifted community composition. At the phylum level, an increase in Proteobacteria and Deferribacteres and a decrease in Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were observed in CG and CGUM146 compared to control and UM146. The metabolic capacity of the microbiome was also altered in CG and CGUM146 compared to UM146 and control in the colon. We demonstrated that CG resulted in bacterial dysbiosis and shifted community composition similar to what has been previously observed in IBD patients. However, AIEC strain UM146 alone did not cause any clear changes compared to CG or control in our experimental IBD pig model.
Automotive fuels and fuel systems (1991)

This book is in two volumes: Volume 1: Gasoline - contains information of interest to automotive design engineers, technologists in the petroleum industry, students, legislators, and others interested in petroleum technology. This volume covers the technology associated with the fuel system from tank to metering. Volume 2: Diesel - traces the processing, handling, and combustion of diesel fuel from crude oil to exhaust emissions. The volume also explores such current issues as using natural gas as an alternative to diesel fuel, increasing air charge in cylinders, and more.
Examining expression of folate receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck as a target for a novel nanotherapeutic drug (2008)

Folate receptor is expressed in a significant proportion of primary SCCHN and corresponding lymph node metastases tissues, and correlates with worse clinical outcome. These findings provide support for folate receptor-mediated nanotherapeutics in SCCHN.
Supporting Search and Rescue Operations with UAVs (2010)

Search and rescue operations can greatly benefit from the use of autonomous UAVs to survey the environment and collect evidence about the position of a missing person. To minimize the time to find the victim, some fundamental parameters need to be accounted for in the design of the search algorithms: 1) quality of sensory data collected by the UAVs, 2) UAVs energy limitations, 3) environmental hazards (e.g. winds, trees), 4) level of information exchange/coordination between UAVs. In this paper, we discuss how these parameters can affect the search task and present some of the research avenues we have been exploring. We then study the performance of different search algorithms when the time to find the victim is the optimization criterion.
Performance Study of Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas in MIMO Communication Systems (2008)

We explore the potential benefits of using pattern reconfigurable antennas in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. First, theoretical capacity increases are calculated in a typical indoor multipath environment assuming ideal, fully reconfigurable antennas and compared to cases using theoretical isotropic antennas. Next, a real reconfigurable antenna built into a multiple element antenna system for MIMO use is described and analyzed to investigate the possible effects of beam tilts on capacity. Finally, this system is used to quantify the possible capacity improvements due to both antenna diversity and antenna gain that are enabled by antenna pattern reconfigurability in a scientifically reproducible environment that includes antenna coupling.
Border-oriented post-processing refinement on detected vehicle bounding box for ADAS (2018)

We investigate a new approach for improving localization accuracy of detected vehicles for object detection in advanced driver assistance systems(ADAS). Specifically, we implement a bounding box refinement as a post-processing of the state-of-the-art object detectors (Faster R-CNN, YOLOv2, etc.). The bounding box refinement is achieved by individually adjusting each border of the detected bounding box to its target location using a regression method. We use HOG features which perform well on the edge detection of vehicles to train the regressor and the regressor is independent of the CNN-based object detectors. Experiment results on the KITTI 2012 benchmark show that we can achieve up to 6% improvements over YOLOv2 and Faster R-CNN object detectors on the IoU threshold of 0.8. Also, the proposed refinement framework is computationally light, allowing for processing one bounding box within a few milliseconds on CPU. Further, this refinement method can be added to any object detectors, especially those with high speed but less accuracy.
Alleles of the Second Component of Complement (C2) in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (1981)

Using 800 control sera and 55 from insulin-dependent diabetics we set out to determine if an increase in HLA-B15 in the diabetic population was associated with an increase in C22, the second allele of the second component of complement. While there was no increase, all 3 of our C22-positive individuals were B15-positive, compared to 6/15 in the control group.
Device Design and Optimization Considerations for Bulk FinFETs (2008)

Fabrication of FinFETs using bulk CMOS instead of silicon on insulator (SOI) technology is of utmost interest as it reduces the process costs. Using well-calibrated device models and 3-D mixed mode simulations, we show that bulk FinFETs can be optimized with identical performances as that of SOI FinFETs. Optimized bulk FinFETs are compared with the corresponding SOI FinFETs for a range of technology nodes using an extensive simulation and design methodology. Further, we extend the concept of body doping in bulk FinFETs to the case of lightly doped fins unlike the heavily doped fin cases reported earlier. The optimum body doping required for bulk FinFETs, and its multiple advantages are also systematically evaluated. We also show that device parasitics play a crucial role in the optimization of nanoscale bulk FinFETs.
Real‐time elastography for detecting prostate cancer: preliminary experience (2007)

RTE can be used to visualize differences in tissue elasticity. Our results show that RTE allows the detection of prostate cancer and estimation of tumour location and size. RTE of the prostate is a new imaging method with great potential for detecting prostate cancer.
Haptoglobin Phenotype and Vascular Complications in Patients with Diabetes (2000)

To the Editor: Vascular complications cause serious morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. Two such complications are diabetic nephropathy and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coro...
Positive Reinforcement, H2S, and the Permo-Triassic Extinction: Comment and Reply: COMMENT (2006)

[Kump et al. (2005)][1] have suggested that the emission of H2S to the atmosphere from a Late Permian to Early Triassic euxinic (anoxic deep waters) ocean helped to bring about the massive extinction of organisms. [Berner (1989][2]; [2005)][3] has suggested that the rate of burial of terrestrially
Monitoring Anti‐HPA‐1a Platelet Antibody Levels during Pregnancy Using the MAIPA Test (1995)

Anti-HPA-1a platelet antibody levels in pregnant women with a history of fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FMAIT) were monitored longitudinally using the monoclonal antibody immobilisation of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay, in order to examine any variation in optical density (OD) readings obtained over the course of pregnancy and after delivery. Seven women were selected; 4 were studied retrospectively and 3 prospectively (the latter being treated with intravenous gammaglobulin; IVGG). Levels of anti-HPA-1a were measured at various intervals after delivery of the first affected infant, to post delivery of the following affected infant. A decrease in MAIPA OD was demonstrated in all patients during the course of these pregnancies. This assay is a useful tool for monitoring anti-HPA-1a in women with a history of infants affected with FMAIT. A maternal antibody 'resting' level prior to, or early in the first trimester, must be established for comparison.
Cell-Surface Ganglioside GD2 in the Immunohistochemical Detection and Differential Diagnosis of Neuroblastoma (1991)

The expression of the disialoganglioside GD2 was analyzed in 67 solid tumors and normal tissues from children by using the GD2-specific murine monoclonal antibody 3A7 and the indirect immunoperoxidase method. GD2 was expressed in all of 28 neuroblastomas and was most abundant in stroma-poor tumors. In differentiating stroma-rich neuroblastomas, neuroblastic clusters, neurofibrils, and most ganglion-like cells were positive, whereas Schwann's-cell stroma did not express GD2. In ganglioneuromas, only a few ganglion-like cells showed GD2, whereas all other structures were negative. Scattered foci of ganglioside GD2 also were found in some non-neuronal tumors, such as rhabdomyosarcomas and osteosarcomas, but not in lymphomas, Askin tumors, or most Wilms' tumors. The monoclonal antibody 3A7 is a useful aid in the immunohistochemical diagnosis of neuroblastoma. In addition, the intense cell surface staining of neuroblastoma cells by this reagent makes it potentially useful for detecting residual neuroblastoma in bone marrow samples and lymph node biopsies.
Ten years experience with lung and heart–lung transplantation in primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension✩ (2000)

It is concluded, that predominantly the underlying primary disease influences graft survival after lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary hypertension compared with all other patient and procedure dependent factors. Lung transplantation in patients with PPHT requires further investigations to achieve results comparable with other indications.
How Do Proteins Unfold upon Adsorption on Nanoparticle Surfaces? (2012)

Owing to their many outstanding features, such as small size, large surface area, and cell penetration ability, nanoparticles have been increasingly used in medicine and biomaterials as drug carriers and diagnostic or therapeutic agents. However, our understanding of the interactions of biological entities, especially proteins, with nanoparticles is far behind the explosive development of nanotechnology. In typical protein-nanoparticle interactions, two processes (i.e., surface binding and conformational changes in proteins) are intermingled with each other and have not yet been quantitatively described. Here, by using a stopped-flow fast mixing technique, we were able to shed light on the kinetics of the adsorption-induced protein unfolding on nanoparticle surfaces in detail. We observed a biphasic denaturation behavior of protein GB1 on latex nanoparticle surfaces. Such kinetics can be adequately described by a fast equilibrium adsorption followed by a slow reversible unfolding of GB1. On the basis of this model, we quantitatively measured all rate constants that are involved in this process, from which the free-energy profile is constructed. This allows us to evaluate the effects of environmental factors, such as pH and ionic strength, on both the adsorption and the conformational change in GB1 on the latex nanoparticle surface. These studies provide a general physical picture of the adsorption-induced unfolding of proteins on nanoparticle surfaces and a quantitative description of the energetics of each transition. We anticipate that it will greatly advance our current understanding of protein-nanoparticle interactions and will be helpful for the rational control of such interactions in biomedical applications.
The first anion-exchange membrane fuel cell to exceed 1 W cm<sup>−2</sup> at 70 °C with a non-Pt-group (O<sub>2</sub>) cathode (2017)

Anion-exchange membrane fuel cells face two challenges: performance and durability. Addressing the first, we demonstrate high performance with both O<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>-free air supplies, even when using a Ag/C cathode. This was enabled by the development of a radiation-grafted anion-exchange membrane that was less than 30 μm thick when hydrated.
Closed-Loop Control of Weld Penetration Using Front-Face Vision Sensing (1993)

Feedback control of weld penetration based on a front-face sensor is a challenging problem in the field of welding. A novel vision-based approach is proposed in this paper for full penetration control of the gas tungsten arc welding (GT AW). Owing to the relationship between the front-face weld geometry and back-face weld width (representation of the full penetration state), which has been reported earlier by the present authors, it is possible to use the front-face geometry as feedback of full penetration. Based on the dynamic modelling and the analysis of accepted adaptive control algorithms, an adaptive predictive decoupling controller is developed. Simulations and experiments under a variety of welding conditions have been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach and controller.
Frequency Sharing Between Broadcast Satellites and Tropospheric Scatter Systems (1972)

Frequency allocations have been made which allow broadcasting satellites to share certain bands with the fixed services. As it happens, many of these fixed services now in existence use troposcatter links, a mode of transmission that appears to be particularly susceptible to interference and particularly likely to cause interference. Techniques have been developed to estimate the interference levels involved and to recognize situations of potential incompatibility. We would conclude that frequency sharing is possible, but that it requires some care.
Lysophospholipids--Receptor Revelations (2001)

Upon cell activation, membrane phospholipids are metabolized into potent lysophospholipid (LP) mediators, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid. LPs fulfill signaling roles in organisms as diverse as yeast and humans. The recent discovery of G protein-coupled receptors for LPs in higher eukaryotes, and their involvement in regulating diverse processes such as angiogenesis, cardiac development, neuronal survival, and immunity, has stimulated growing interest in these lipid mediators. LP receptor biology has generated insights into fundamental cellular mechanisms and may provide therapeutic targets for drug development.
From the Editor The ACOPM of the JCAHO (2002)

This past summer (July 1, 2002), all hospitals in the United States passed a little noticed, albeit critical, milestone – the submission of electronic outcomes information to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). Nearly six years in the making and almost two years overdue, this historic milestone has its roots dating back to 1986. For the last eight years, the JCAHO has sought advice from an external Advisory Council on Performance Measurement (ACOPM) that witnessed each of the evolutionary steps from the “Agenda for Change ” in 1986 to the debut of the first core measures via the ORYX Initiative in July 2002. I have been privileged to have a seat at this advisory table since its inception and would like to put into perspective the complex process used by the JCAHO to launch the ORYX Initiative. With the debut of the Agenda for Change in 1986, Dr. Dennis O’Leary, the president of the JCAHO, set forth his goals for the future of the accreditation process. Even 16 years ago, his vision called for the planned integration of performance measurement data into the accreditation process. By 1987, the JCAHO was working on a de novo
9-(Aminoalkyl)-8-hydroxyadenines: Preparation, mechanism of formation and use in affinity chromatography of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (1986)

Bromine reacts with 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)- ( Va ), 9-(3-hydroxypropyl)- ( Vb ), 9-(2-hydroxypropyl)- ( Vc ), 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)- ( Vd ), 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propyl)- ( Ve ), 9-threo-(2,3-dihydroxybutyl)- ( Vf ) and 9-threo-(2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl)adenine ( Vg ) to give 8-bromoadenine derivatives ( Vl ). Reaction of compounds Vl with ammonia results in intramolecular cyclization to five- and six-membered cyclic esters which are regiospecifically opened to afford the respective 2-amino-alkyl-8-hydroxyadenines ( VIIa, b ) and 3-aminoalkyl-8-hydroxyadenines ( VIIc-VIIf ). Binding of compounds VII to CH-Sepharose 4B led to the polymeric material XIII capable of binding S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase. Compounds XIII derived from the amino derivatives VIIa, b, d are of affinity support character and liberate the enzyme only on elution with dilute adenosine solution.
The corneal endothelium. Normal and pathologic structure and function. (1982)

A summary of normal and abnormal endothelial structure and function is presented. Endothelium originates from neural crest and it elaborates a banded basement membrane in utero. It is involved in mesenchymal dysgenesis of the anterior segment, like the central defect of Peters' anomaly. Cytoplasmic organelles include mitochondria that provide energy for the metabolic pump, rough endoplasmic reticulum that participate in secretion of extracellular matrix, and a terminal web that may participate in cell migration. The endothelium's main function is to control corneal hydration and nutrition with a leaky barrier formed by the apical gap and macula occludens junctions that keep some water out of the stroma but allow nutrients to pass, and with an ATPase-dependent metabolic pump that is located in the lateral plasma membranes. Endothelial wound healing involves flattening and enlargement of cells to maintain an intact monolayer as well as production of abnormal collagenous material posterior to Descemet's membrane. HLA antigens located in the plasma membrane may participate in corneal endothelial graft rejection. Clinical assessment of the endothelium involves three modalities: specular microscopy to study endothelial morphology, fluorophotometry to measure barrier function, and pachymetry to measure corneal thickness.
S<sub>N</sub>2 vs. E2 on quaternary centres: an application to the synthesis of enantiopure β<sup>2,2</sup>-amino acids (2004)

S(N)2 and E2 competing reactions in cyclic sulfamidates can be modulated by the change of an amide group to an ester group attached to the quaternary carbon activated for the nucleophilic attack, allowing an easy approach to enantiopure alpha,alpha-disubstituted beta-amino acids.
CONSUMER OPINIONS CONCERNING FOOD SAFETY AND ORGANICALLY PRODUCED PRODUCE IN THE DELMARVA REGION (1990)

Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Precise frequency transfer through a fiber network by use of 15-µm mode-locked sources (2004)

We report the precise transfer of radio-frequency signals by use of the pulse repetition frequency of mode-locked laser sources at 1.5 microm transmitting through a fiber network. The passive transfer instability through a 6.9-km fiber is below 3 x 10(-14) at 1 s, which is comparable with the optical carrier-frequency transfer of a narrow-linewidth cw laser. The instability of the measurement system is below 7 x 10(-15) at 1 s. It is noted that the pulsed mode of operation offers almost an order-of-magnitude improvement in stability at 1 s over that with a sinusoidal amplitude modulation on an optical carrier.
43.3: High‐efficiency Slim LED Backlight System with Mixing Light Guide (2003)

Abstract We have developed a novel optical system for an edge‐lit LED backlight. The system uses high‐power red, green and blue LEDs and has a minimum thickness despite the arrangement for color mixing. The components of the system have been optimized enabling high optical efficiency while maintaining low cost and good manufacturability. Furthermore, conceptually the system is very close to the existing CCFL backlights and allows re‐use of the existing components and infrastructure.
Tin/Platinum Bimetallic Nanotube Array and its Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation (2005)

A well-aligned Sn/Pt bimetallic nanotube array is fabricated by directly evaporating tin onto a porous anodic aluminum oxide film followed by electrodeposition of platinum. The composite nanostructures contain a large number of Pt nanoparticles inlaying the inner-wall surfaces of the Sn nanotubes. The novel Sn/Pt nanotube array shows remarkable activity toward methanol oxidation and hence could be used as an effective anode for direct methanol fuel cells (see Figure).
Comparison Of Fourier Descriptors And Hu Moments For Hand Posture Recognition (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
Levosimendan in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Cardiac Surgery (2017)

Prophylactic levosimendan did not result in a rate of the short-term composite end point of death, renal-replacement therapy, perioperative myocardial infarction, or use of a mechanical cardiac assist device that was lower than the rate with placebo among patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction who were undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. (Funded by Tenax Therapeutics; LEVO-CTS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02025621 .).
Stable isotope substituted spin labels. 2. An improved synthesis of perdeuterio‐<sup>15</sup>N‐(1‐oxyl‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐ 4‐piperidinyl)maleimide (1983)

Abstract Stable isotope substituted spin labels increase the resolution and sensitivity of EPR measurements. An improved synthesis of 15 N‐(1‐oxyl‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐ 4‐piperidinyl)maleimide has been devised and utilized. This improved synthesis is accomplished in five steps instead of the normally required seven or more.
From Solutions to Surfaces: A Novel Molecular Imprinting Method Based on the Conformational Changes of Boronic-Acid-Appended Poly(L-lysine) (2001)

The dominant solution-phase conformation of a polymer can be fixed to a surface (see scheme). Boronic acid appended poly(L-lysine) assumes different conformations in the presence of D-glucose or D-fructose. When the polymer–glucose complex is anchored to a gold surface, an imprinted interface with “molecular memory” for glucose over fructose can be prepared.