gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simplified Sliding Mode Controlled Electronic Differential for an Electric Vehicle with Two Independent Wheel Drives (2013)

This paper presents a simple sliding mode control strategy used for an electronic differential system for electric vehicle with two independent wheel drives. When a vehicle drives along a curved road lane, the speed of the inner wheel has to be different from that of the outer wheel in order to prevent the vehicle from vibrating and travelling an unsteady path. Because each wheel of this electrical vehicle has independent driving force, an electrical differential system is required to replace a gear differential system. However, it is difficult to analyse the nonlinear behaviour of the differential system in relation to the speed and steering angle, as well as vehicle structure. The proposed propulsion system consists of two permanent magnet synchronous machines that ensure the drive of the two back driving wheels. The proposed control structure called independent machines for speed control allows the achievement of an electronic differential which ensures the control of the vehicle behaviour on the road. It also allows to control, independently, every driving wheel to turn at different speeds in any curve. Analysis and simulation results of the proposed system are presented in this paper.
Hysteroscopic fallopian tube recanalization using a flexible guide cannula and hydrophilic guide wire (2000)

Objective To evaluate an innovative and simple procedure of hysteroscopic recanalization of cornual occlusion using a diagnostic hysteroscopic sheath, a Labotect flexible guide cannula and a Terumo hydrophilic guide wire, which were all used under laparoscopic guidance. Design In this prospective study, 17 patients with primary or secondary infertility with proven bilateral cornual blockage were scheduled for a recanalization procedure, between June 1995 and October 1998. Setting University‐based teaching hospital and the principal author's private clinic. Subjects and methods We combined hysteroscopic cannulation of the proximal fallopian tube using a Labotectcannula with laparoscopic guidance in 17 patients with proximal tubal obstruction which had been diagnosed by hysterosalpingography and confirmed at laparoscopy. This procedure, in addition to being minimally invasive, also accomplishes the objective of causing minimal trauma to the fallopian tube by virtue of the dual hysteroscopic and laparoscopic guidance. Main outcome measures Successful on‐table atraumatic recanalization of blocked fallopian tubes, documented by laparoscopic chromopertubation. Results Hysteroscopic cannulation could be attempted in 30 tubal ostia and was successfully accomplished in 15 cases. The instances in which we could not cannulate the tubal ostia (two patients) were not failures of cannulation but failures to visualize the internal tubal ostia because of thick endometrium. Four of our patients have conceived following this procedure and have delivered at term. Conclusion Hysteroscopic cannulation of the fallopian tube is a safe diagnostic procedure that can be used to identify those patients with true proximal occlusion, and may also serve as a therapeutic procedure in some of these patients. We recommend the use of a depot gonadotrophin‐releasing agonist, such as triptorelin, 10–15 days before attempting this procedure, for easy visualization and access to the internal tubal ostia. The relative simplicity of the procedure means a shorter learning curve for clinicians in training and other beginners, and the results can be consistently reproduced as shown by the 15 successful cases in this study.
Integrated Waveguide Brillouin Laser (2017)

The demand for high-performance chip-scale lasers has driven rapid growth in integrated photonics. The creation of such low-noise laser sources is critical for emerging on-chip applications, ranging from coherent optical communications, photonic microwave oscillators remote sensing and optical rotational sensors. While Brillouin lasers are a promising solution to these challenges, new strategies are needed to create robust, compact, low power and low cost Brillouin laser technologies through wafer-scale integration. To date, chip-scale Brillouin lasers have remained elusive due to the difficulties in realization of these lasers on a commercial integration platform. In this paper, we demonstrate, for the first time, monolithically integrated Brillouin lasers using a wafer-scale process based on an ultra-low loss Si3N4/SiO2 waveguide platform. Cascading of stimulated Brillouin lasing to 10 Stokes orders was observed in an integrated bus-coupled resonator with a loaded Q factor exceeding 28 million. We experimentally quantify the laser performance, including threshold, slope efficiency and cascading dynamics, and compare the results with theory. The large mode volume integrated resonator and gain medium supports a TE-only resonance and unique 2.72 GHz free spectral range, essential for high performance integrated Brillouin lasing. The laser is based on a non-acoustic guiding design that supplies a broad Brillouin gain bandwidth. Characteristics for high performance lasing are demonstrated due to large intra-cavity optical power and low lasing threshold power. Consistent laser performance is reported for multiple chips across multiple wafers. This design lends itself to wafer-scale integration of practical high-yield, highly coherent Brillouin lasers on a chip.
Mining input grammars from dynamic taints (2016)

Knowing which part of a program processes which parts of an input can reveal the structure of the input as well as the structure of the program. In a URL <pre>http://www.example.com/path/</pre>, for instance, the protocol <pre>http</pre>, the host <pre>www.example.com</pre>, and the path <pre>path</pre> would be handled by different functions and stored in different variables. Given a set of sample inputs, we use dynamic tainting to trace the data flow of each input character, and aggregate those input fragments that would be handled by the same function into lexical and syntactical entities. The result is a context-free grammar that reflects valid input structure. In its evaluation, our AUTOGRAM prototype automatically produced readable and structurally accurate grammars for inputs like URLs, spreadsheets or configuration files. The resulting grammars not only allow simple reverse engineering of input formats, but can also directly serve as input for test generators.
Allelotype analysis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (1995)

To identify the genetic events that may play an important role in leukemogenesis of childhood ALL, we report for the first time the allelotyping of childhood ALL. Twenty-four cases of childhood ALL were screened for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using 101 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, which are distributed among all autosomal chromosomes. For LOH analysis on both chromosomes 9 and 12, 54 childhood ALL samples were examined. The most frequent allelic loss was found on chromosomal arm 9p, where 20 of 50 (40%) informative samples showed LOH. Moreover, nearly 30% of samples that did not have either homozygous deletions or point mutations of the putative tumor suppressor genes CDKN2/INK4A/p16 and INK4B/p15 on chromosomal arm 9p had LOH at D9S171. Loss of chromosomal arm 12p was also frequent (26%). Mutational analysis suggested that the altered gene on 12p is not the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27/Kip1, which is also on 12p. Several other regions that had LOH included 1p, 4q, 5p, 6q, 7p, 8p, 9q, 10q, 13q, 17p, 17q, 18q, 19q, and 22q. Of 24 patients, 19 (79%) showed allelic loss on at least one chromosomal arm. Samples of two patients (8%) showed LOH on almost all chromosomes. Fractional allelic loss, calculated for each sample as the total number of chromosomal arms lost/total number of arms with information, showed a median value of 0.04 and a mean of 0.123 (range, 0 to 0.95). This fractional allelic loss is lower than those reported for many solid tumors. This analysis shows the extreme power of LOH analysis using microsatellite markers in childhood ALL.
Refolding of <i>Escherichia coli</i> produced membrane protein inclusion bodies immobilised by nickel chelating chromatography (1998)

Two distinctly different membrane proteins, which produced inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli, have been refolded to reconstitute properties appropriate to their native counterparts. The method employed utilises nickel chelating chromatography, where the solubilised inclusion bodies bind, refold and elute. Our aims were to release a large pool of membrane protein for functional, mutational and crystallisation screening studies. It is hoped that the methods described here will have a general application for other membrane proteins which have formed inclusion bodies.
In the Crossfire: Collins on Genomes, Patents, and 'Rivalry' (2000)

The public effort to sequence the human genome is facing a huge challenge on several levels from a privately funded team at Celera Genomics in Rockville, Maryland. Both teams are racing to complete a draft of the human genome in the next few months, and both are engaged in a vigorous, and sometimes noisy, competition. In a meeting on 14 March,
 Science asked Francis Collins, head of the National Human Genome Research Institute, to discuss his views on this controversy, the rivalry with Celera, and future priorities of the Human Genome Project.
Analog Genetic Encoding for the Evolution of Circuits and Networks (2007)

This paper describes a new kind of genetic representation called analog genetic encoding (AGE). The representation is aimed at the evolutionary synthesis and reverse engineering of circuits and networks such as analog electronic circuits, neural networks, and genetic regulatory networks. AGE permits the simultaneous evolution of the topology and sizing of the networks. The establishment of the links between the devices that form the network is based on an implicit definition of the interaction between different parts of the genome. This reduces the amount of information that must be carried by the genome, relatively to a direct encoding of the links. The application of AGE is illustrated with examples of analog electronic circuit and neural network synthesis. The performance of the representation and the quality of the results obtained with AGE are compared with those produced by genetic programming.
Targeted treatment of head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma: potential of lapatinib (2014)

Squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck is a heterogeneous malignancy with treatment predicated on a multimodality therapy involving surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. However, this approach results in durable responses in only a subset of patients, and is associated with significant toxicity. In advanced disease, multi-agent platinum-based chemotherapy produces only modest improvements in survival. Increased insight into tumor biology has demonstrated several critical oncogenic pathways offering prospects for targeted therapy that may improve upon the existing treatment strategies. The epidermal growth factor receptor is one such target, and directed therapy with the monoclonal antibody cetuximab has been extensively studied. Lapatinib is an oral agent that targets multiple transmembrane receptors within the epidermal growth factor receptor family, and offers a promising new approach to treatment. This paper reviews the rationale for and clinical activity of lapatinib in squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck.
International Expert Committee Report on the Role of the A1C Assay in the Diagnosis of Diabetes (2009)

We appreciate the comment by Kilpatrick et al. (1) regarding the International Expert Committee report on the diagnosis of diabetes with the A1C assay (2). The Committee considered all of the limitations of the A1C assay for populations in which it is not available or is currently too expensive, as well as for individuals in whom the assay may be misleading. On the basis of these recognized limitations, the Committee emphasized the use of the currently recommended glucose tests and criteria in such populations or individuals. We did not “breeze over” any of the relative advantages or disadvantages of the A1C assay as a means of diagnosis; rather, the …
Mitochondrial role in hair cell survival after injury (1995)

The role of mitochondrial biogenesis in hair cell survival after injury was evaluated by inhibiting mitochondrial protein synthesis with chloramphenicol and then studying the effects on hair cell survival after exposure to two different types of ototoxins, gentamicin and acoustic trauma. Seven- to 10-day-old chicks were treated with either a single injection of gentamicin (250 mg/kg) or noise (1500 Hz at 120 dB sound pressure level for 14 hours). A subset of the gentamicin- and noise-treated animals also received chloramphenicol (1200 mg/kg during a 24-hour period) through a subcutaneous osmotic pump. A control group received chloramphenicol alone (1200 mg/kg during a 24-hour period). All animals were sacrificed after 5 days, and their basilar papillae (cochleas) were prepared for scanning electron microscopy. Hair cell loss was quantified with stereologic techniques. Animals treated with chloramphenicol alone did not have any evidence of hair cell loss. Gentamicin-treated animals had characteristic hair cell loss beginning at the basal tip and tapering out along the inferior edge more distally. The addition of chloramphenicol to gentamicin treatment significantly increased hair cell loss by 30%, extending the area of hair cell loss into the superior hair cell region at the distal boundary of the lesion. Pure-tone noise exposure characteristically produced hair cell loss along the inferior edge and occasionally included hair cells along the most superior edge. Addition of chloramphenicol to noise exposure significantly increased hair cell loss by 80%, with extension of the lesion across the full width of the sensory epithelium and basally. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial biogenesis is involved in cellular responses to injury. They suggest that mitochondrial function may regulate the probability of survival after metabolic challenges to hair cell integrity. (OTOLARYNGOL HEAD NECK SURG 1995;113:530-40.)
Conceptual Weighing Query Expansion based on User Profiles (2012)

Proper query terms significantly affect the performance of information retrieval systems. In this paper, a conceptual weighting method for query expansion is proposed with the help of user profile. Here, the users‘ initial queries and the retrieved documents based on the user‘s query (top n relevant documents) are analyzed and then the relevant terms from the documents retrieved are weighted. The terms having higher weight and the terms from the previous searches with a greater threshold weight will be selected and are used to derive the concepts in the concept network which are then connected to the phrases. Based on the matching of those phrases with that of the query phrases, additional query terms are selected and based on those additional query terms, the user‘s original query is expanded and the search is enhanced.
Designing Portable Collaborative Networks (2003)

Peer-to-peer technology and wireless networking offer great potential for working together away from the desk - but they also introduce unique software and infrastructure challenges. The traditional idea of the work environment is anchored to a central location - the desk and office - where the resources needed for the job are located. Even in the many professions where the practitioners move among different field locations, such as professional consulting, health care, or resource exploration, the full set of information and technology resources has been available only in fixed locations where the workers "check in" periodically to integrate their field results back into the larger picture.
Why honey is effective as a medicine (2001)

The effectiveness of honey as a therapeutic agent has been unequivocally demonstrated in the literature reviewed in Part 1 of this article published in 1999, but the biochemical explanation of these effects is more hypothetical. However, a rational explanation can be seen when one looks at the scientific literature outside that on honey. Some of the components of honey are substances known to have physiological actions that would explain many of its therapeutic effects. In addition, research on honey has shown directly that it has physiological actions that would give therapeutic effects.
SiO_2-based nonplanar structures fabricated using femtosecond laser lithography (2008)

SiO2-based hybrid diffractive-refractive microlenses were fabricated by femtosecond laser lithography-assisted micromachining, which is a combined process of nonlinear lithography and plasma etching. The high-aspect-ratio patterns of resist were formed by laser exposure without translating the laser spot. By scanning this rod three-dimensionally, micro-Fresnel lens patterns were written directly inside resists on the convex lenses. Then, the resist patterns were transferred to the underlying lenses by CHF(3) plasma. We obtained SiO2 nonplanar structures with smooth surfaces. This hybridization shifted the focal length of the lens by 216 microm, which was consistent with theoretical value.
Impedance Synthesis without Use of Transformers (1949)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. Bott, R. J. Duffin; Impedance Synthesis without Use of Transformers. J. Appl. Phys. 1 August 1949; 20 (8): 816. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1698532 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioJournal of Applied Physics Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
An ultra low power UHF RFID tag front-end for EPCglobal Gen2 with novel clock-free decoder (2008)

In this paper, an ultra low power front-end circuit for an UHF RFID tag is presented. In order to minimize the power consumption, a novel data decoder is proposed, which removes the need for high frequency oscillator. In addition, a dual voltage multiplier scheme is employed, which increases the power efficiency. Simulation results shows that the proposed circuit reduces the power consumption by an order magnitude compared to conventional RFID front-end circuits that use high frequency oscillators and single voltage multiplier.
Tamper resistance mechanisms for secure embedded systems (2004)

Security is a concern in the design of a wide range of embedded systems. Extensive research has been devoted to the development of cryptographic algorithms that provide the theoretical underpinnings of information security. Functional security mechanisms, such as security protocols, suitably employ these mathematical primitives in order to achieve the desired security objectives. However, functional security mechanisms alone cannot ensure security, since most embedded systems present attackers with an abundance of opportunities to observe or interfere with their implementation, and hence to compromise their theoretical strength. This paper surveys various tamper or attack techniques, and explains how they can be used to undermine or weaken security functions in embedded systems. Tamper-resistant design refers to the process of designing a system architecture and implementation that is resistant to such attacks. We outline approaches that have been proposed to design tamper-resistant embedded systems, with examples drawn from recent commercial products.
Targeted Therapy in Ewing Sarcoma (2012)

Despite marked improvement in the prognosis of patients with nonmetastatic Ewing sarcoma (ES), the outcome for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease remains poor. Insight into key biologic processes in ES could provide new therapeutic targets. The particular biologic feature of ES, the fusion of the EWS gene with a member of the ETS family of genes, is present in >95% of cases. The EWS-ETS chimeric protein leads to aberrant transcription that promotes tumor initiation and propagation via prosurvival and antiapoptotic pathways. Recent research has identified cooperating mutations important for ES tumorigenesis. This paper provides a summary of the latest research in ES and discusses potential novel targets for therapy.
Kondensierte Ringsysteme, II<sup>1)</sup> Bilobalid A, ein neues Sesquiterpen mit tert.‐Butyl‐Gruppe aus den Blättern von <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L (1969)

Abstract Aus frischen Blättern des Ginkgo‐Baumes wird ein neues Sesquiterpen C 15 H 18 O 8 , Bilobalid A, isoliert, welches in seiner Konstitution und seinen Eigenschaften den in den letzten Jahren aufgeklärten Ginkgoliden (Diterpene, C 20 H 24 O 9–11 ) nahesteht. Es besitzt wie diese eine tert.‐Butyl‐Gruppe, die in anderen Naturstoffen bisher nicht nachgewiesen wurde.
MajorCAN: A Modification to the Controller Area Network Protocol to Achieve Atomic Broadcast. (2000)

It has already been reported that the CAN protocol produces data inconsistencies in some scenarios that violate the Atomic Broadcast properties. It has been proposed a set of higher level protocols to achieve Atomic Broadcast on CAN based systems. This approach causes considerable overhead. We propose a more efficient solution through small modifications to CAN. Our first proposal of modified protocol is called MinorCAN. Unfortunately we have identified new inconsistency scenarios in which both CAN, MinorCAN and the mentioned higher level protocols still violate the Atomic Broadcast properties. Inspired in the MinorCAN ideas we propose a protocol, called MajorCAN, that really implements Atomic Broadcast.
GDF11 antagonizes TNF‐α‐induced inflammation and protects against the development of inflammatory arthritis in mice (2018)

Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a key member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays critical roles in various medical conditions. Recently, GDF11 was found to suppress the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway and protect against inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role of GDF11 in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We demonstrated that GDF11 treatment antagonized TNF-α-induced inflammation in macrophages. Moreover, GDF11 inhibited the development of arthritis in the collagen-induced arthritis and collagen antibody-induced arthritis models. Local gene transfer of GDF11 via adeno-associated virus exerted therapeutic effects, while local knockdown of GDF11 exaggerated inflammation in our collagen-induced arthritis model, as detected by expression levels of inflammatory biomarkers and the destruction of joint structures. Additionally, the results from both in vitro experiments and luciferase reporter gene mouse experiments implied that the NF-κB pathway might play a critical role in the therapeutic effect of GDF11 in RA. This study presents GDF11 as a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, including RA.-Li, W., Wang, W., Liu, L., Qu, R., Chen, X., Qiu, C., Li, J., Hayball, J., Liu, L., Chen, J., Wang, X., Pan, X., Zhao, Y. GDF11 antagonizes TNF-α-induced inflammation and protects against the development of inflammatory arthritis in mice.