gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation by vitamin D metabolites of messenger ribonucleic acid for preproparathyroid hormone in isolated bovine parathyroid cells. (1985)

We have recently determined that high calcium concentrations, in parallel with their suppressive effects on parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, reversibly and specifically decrease preproPTH mRNA in cultured bovine parathyroid cells. In order to determine whether vitamin D metabolites also regulate the content of preproPTH mRNA, we tested their effects on bovine parathyroid cells in the same culture system. Levels of preproPTH mRNA were determined by dot-blot hybridization or blot hybridization with a labeled cloned cDNA probe. Incubation with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol at doses varying from 10 pM to 0.1 microM caused a direct decrease in mRNA down to 50% of control values at 48 hr. There was no evidence that 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, even at the highest concentrations, had any toxic effects on cell number or viability or on total RNA or RNA synthesis. Levels of alpha-actin mRNA did not change in the same experiments, and the suppression of preproPTH mRNA was reversible. When the relative potency of various vitamin D metabolites in suppressing preproPTH mRNA was evaluated, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol greater than 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol greater than 25-hydroxycholecalciferol greater than vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). These effects were highly specific and suggest that vitamin D metabolites play an important role in regulating the production of PTH.
Catecholamines augment collateral vessel growth and angiogenesis in hindlimb ischemia (2005)

Catecholamine stimulation of alpha1-adrenoceptors exerts growth factor-like activity, mediated by generation of reactive oxygen species, on arterial smooth muscle cells and adventitial fibroblasts and contributes to hypertrophy and hyperplasia in models of vascular injury and disease. Adrenergic trophic activity also contributes to flow-mediated positive arterial remodeling by augmenting proliferation and leukocyte accumulation. To further examine this concept, we studied whether catecholamines contribute to collateral growth and angiogenesis in hindlimb insufficiency. Support for this hypothesis includes the above-mentioned studies, evidence that ischemia augments norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves, and proposed involvement of reactive oxygen species in angiogenesis and collateral growth. Mice deficient in catecholamine synthesis [by gene deletion of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH-/-)] were studied. At 3 wk after femoral artery ligation, increases in adductor muscle perfusion were similar in DBH-/- and wild-type mice, whereas recovery of plantar perfusion and calf microsphere flow were attenuated, although not significantly. Preexisting collaterals in adductor of wild-type mice showed increases in lumen diameter (60%) and medial and adventitial thickness (57 and 119%, P < 0.05 here and below). Lumen diameter increased similarly in DBH-/- mice (52%); however, increases in medial and adventitial thicknesses were reduced (30 and 65%). Leukocyte accumulation in the adventitia/periadventitia of collaterals was 39% less in DBH-/- mice. Increased density of alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive vessels in wild-type adductor (45%) was inhibited in DBH-/- mice (2%). Although both groups experienced similar atrophy in the gastrocnemius (approximately 22%), the increase in capillary-to-muscle fiber ratio in wild-type mice (21%) was inhibited in DBH-/- mice (7%). These data suggest that catecholamines may contribute to collateral growth and angiogenesis in tissue ischemia.
Dynamic reconfiguration in distributed systems: adapting software modules for replacement (2002)

Dynamic reconfiguration of a distributed application is the act of changing the configuration of the application as it executes. Examples of configuration changes are replacing a software component (module), moving a module to another machine, and adding or removing a module from the application. The extension to a reconfiguration platform described automatically prepares a module for participation in reconfiguration. A machine-independent method for automatically installing this functionality in the application, given a set of reconfiguration points designated by the programmer, is presented. The focus is on the difficult problem of capturing and restoring the state of a module during a procedure call, when the activation record stack contains crucial parts of the process state.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interaction of COMT Val108/158 Met Genotype and Olanzapine Treatment on Prefrontal Cortical Function in Patients With Schizophrenia (2004)

Objective: Deficits in working memory\nand in prefrontal cortical physiology are\nimportant outcome measures in schizophrenia,\nand both have been associated\nwith dopamine dysregulation and with a\nfunctional polymorphism (Val108/158Met) in\nthe catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)\ngene that affects dopamine inactivation in\nthe prefrontal cortex. The purpose of the\npresent study was to evaluate in patients\nwith schizophrenia the effect of COMT genotype\non symptom variation, working memory\nperformance, and prefrontal cortical\nphysiology in response to treatment with\nan atypical antipsychotic drug.\nMethod: Thirty patients with acute untreated\nschizophrenia were clinically evaluated\nwith the Positive and Negative Syndrome\nScale, underwent COMT Val/Met\ngenotyping, and entered an 8-week prospective\nstudy of olanzapine treatment.\nTwenty patients completed two 3-T functional\nmagnetic resonance imaging scans\nat 4 and 8 weeks during performance of\nN-back working memory tasks.\nResults: There was a significant interaction\nof COMT genotype and the effects of\nolanzapine on prefrontal cortical function.\nMet allele load predicted improvement in\nworking memory performance and prefrontal\nphysiology after 8 weeks of treatment.\nA similar effect was found also for\nnegative symptoms assessed with the Positive\nand Negative Syndrome Scale.\nConclusions: These results suggest that\na genetically determined variation in prefrontal\ndopamine catabolism impacts the\ntherapeutic profile of olanzapine.
Design And Development of Mobile Image Overlay System For Image-Guided Interventions (2014)

Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2014-06-26 18:51:03.958
Sol-gel-processed sintered silica xerogel as a carrier in controlled drug delivery (1999)

Sol-gel-processed sintered silica xerogel was studied as a controllable, dissolvable, implantable material. The erosion of the matrix and the release of the preadsorbed drug toremifene citrate was investigated both in vitro and in vivo using mice. In an in vitro dissolution study, 50 to 60% of the drug was released after 24 h, according to the square root of time kinetics, and the weight loss of the silica was 24 wt %. Silica xerogel with tritium-labeled toremifene was implanted subcutaneously in mice for 56 days. To determine the amount of tritiated drug remaining in the silica disks at the implantation site, the disks were excised periodically and the radioactivity measured. About 40% of the radioactivity was released during the first 4 days and all of it within 28 days. Radioactivity also was measured in the liver, lungs, kidneys, uterus, and blood. The radioactivity reached a maximum level after 4 days in the liver, kidneys, and lungs and slowly decreased until all of the drug had been released from the matrix after 28 days. After release of the drug (28 days) the amount of remaining silica xerogel implant was 45 wt %, and at the end of the study (56 days) it was 24 wt %. In the histopathological study, sintered silica xerogel did not show any tissue toxicity at the site of the implantation, in the liver, or in the kidneys. It was concluded that sintered silica xerogel is a biocompatible and controllably resorbable material and therefore is a promising matrix for use in the sustained delivery of drugs.
An experimental study of three-dimensional turbine blades combined with profiled endwalls (2008)

This paper presents a detailed series of measurements on a novel design for reducing secondary flow in a linear cascade. The design of this geometry, which features profiled endwalls and three-dimensional blade shaping was discussed in a companion paper [1]. This paper presents the results of static pressure measurements on the blade surface, pneumatic pressure probe traverses, and surface oil flow visualization in order to build a comprehensive picture of the geometry's performance and function. Although the interactions between blade shaping and profiled endwalls are complex the experimental results show benefits over applying profiled endwalls alone.
A viewpoint-based approach for interaction graph analysis (2009)

Recent innovations have resulted in a plethora of social applications on the Web, such as blogs, social networks, and community photo and video sharing applications. Such applications can typically be represented as evolving interaction graphs with nodes denoting entities and edges representing their interactions. The study of entities and communities and how they evolve in such large dynamic graphs is both important and challenging.
Human ocular mast cells (2002)

Mast cells are a heterogeneous family of cells that are pivotal in initiating the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. The expression of cytokines also endows them with the ability to initiate the inflammatory cascade, resulting in eosinophil accumulation associated with vernal conjunctivitis. Drug modulation of mast cell activity, although reducing the acute symptoms of active disease, also reduces the cytokine stimulus for the development of chronic allergic inflammation.
SLURRY PIPE LINE RESEARCH--KEY TO FUTURE SOLIDS PIPE LINE TRANSPORT (1972)

A discussion of research and development work by Williams Brothers Engineering Co. on movement of slurries through a pipeline system covers slurry characteristics; operational characteristics (head loss, wear of pipe wall, shutdown and startup factors, critical angle or slope, and minimum safe operating velocity to maintain homogeneous flow); cost analysis models; advantages of slurry pipelines; tables of commercial slurry pipelines; and typical transportation rates by different modes of transportation.
Here He Is... Your Dream Man (2017)

A man at Iowa State can be 6 feet 4 inches or 5 feet 7-he may be blonde or brunette- farmer or engineer-but if he has plenty of plus personality he's in with the women.
Change-oriented version descriptions in EPOS (1991)

In EPOS,* software configuration management is based on the change-oriented versioning model. As part of a configured system specification, a version description is used to select the desired versions of different components that constitute the product. Furthermore, version descriptions are used to specify which versions are affected by a certain change. For large software systems comprising many variants, building a consistent configuration meeting specified requirements is not an easy task. In this paper, we propose a set of version description mechanisms and exemplify their use. An abstract description specifying the desired properties and functional requirements is expanded, using validities characterising properties of versions, preferences and defaults. We believe that the proposed mechanisms provide simpler, more intuitive and more compact descriptions of versions of large-scale software systems than conventional tools.
Characterization of an inbred strain of the SENCAR mouse that is highly sensitive to phorbol esters (1987)

An inbred strain of SENCAR mice was developed that is more sensitive to two-stage skin carcinogenesis protocols than the outbred parental stock. These mice, registered as SSIN/UTSP, were compared to the SENCAR in initiation-promotion protocols using the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) twice weekly for 22 weeks at dose levels of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 micrograms. With 0.5 microgram of TPA, the number of papillomas in the SSIN was 3-fold higher than in the SEN-CAR; the tumor incidence was 100 versus 60%, respectively. Similar, although less dramatic, results were found with 1.0 and 2.0 micrograms of TPA. In two-step promotion protocols using TPA twice weekly for 2 weeks and 2 micrograms mezerein twice weekly for 15 weeks the SSIN produced approximately 50% more tumors than the SENCAR at 0.5 microgram of TPA. At 2 micrograms of TPA the tumor response between the two mice was not significantly different. Epidermal hyperplasia was considerably greater in the SSIN at 0.5 microgram of TPA as was ornithine decarboxylase activity. These TPA-sensitive inbred mice should be useful in investigations on the biochemical and genetic factors involved in skin tumor promotion.
Non-Invasive Measurements of Deep Tissue Hemodynamics in Human Skeletal Muscle (2004)

A hybrid instrument combining near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) was used to simultaneously measure the concentration, oxygenation, and flow characteristics of blood cells in the same region of human skeletal muscles. The signals detected from different layers (skin, subcutaneous fat and muscle) were analyzed and the strongest response was found from muscle. The use of this hybrid instrument was demonstrated by characterizing the hemodynamic responses of nine healthy subjects and one patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) during arterial cuff occlusion of arm or leg and during plantar flexion exercise.
All-optical demultiplexer based on dynamic multiple holograms for optical MIMO processing and mode division multiplexing (2010)

We propose an all-optical demultiplexer based on dynamic multiple holograms using a photorefractive material for mode division multiplexing and optical MIMO processing systems. This demultiplexer can separate a specific spatial mode from multiplexed modes in a multi-mode fiber. In this study, we clarify a mode separation performance with various combinations of LP modes, and show the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved by choosing appropriate mode combinations. In addition, to reveal the dependence of mode separation of the intensity ratio of the recording lights, we study the fluctuation of the SNR for LP<sub>0,1</sub> mode by the combinations of multiplexed modes. Moreover, two additional recording techniques with a spatial light modulator (SLM) and phase conjugator are also proposed to improve the performance of the mode separation.
Functionalization of Amphiphilic Poly(2-oxazoline) Block Copolymers:  A Novel Class of Macroligands for Micellar Catalysis (2000)

A new class of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) block copolymers bearing triphenylphosphine moieties has been synthesized. In aqueous media, these polymers form functionalized micelles with transition metal binding sites located in the hydrophobic core, thereby forming a catalytic active microreactor. The triphenylphosphine moieties were selectively introduced into the hydrophobic block by polymer analogous Pd-catalyzed phosphorus−carbon coupling reaction. The corresponding polymer precursor was prepared by living cationic polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline forming the hydrophilic part and statistical copolymerization of 2-heptyl-2-oxazoline and ω-iodoarylheptyl-2-oxazoline for the functionalized hydrophobic segment. This route allows a direct control of the number of the ligand functions by the ratio of the two hydrophobic monomers.
Repeated predictable stress causes resilience against colitis-induced behavioral changes in mice (2014)

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of mental disorders and can be exacerbated by stress. In this study which was performed with male 10-week old C57Bl/6N mice, we used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis to evaluate behavioral changes caused by intestinal inflammation, to assess the interaction between repeated psychological stress (water avoidance stress, WAS) and colitis in modifying behavior, and to analyze neurochemical correlates of this interaction. A 7-day treatment with DSS (2% in drinking water) decreased locomotion and enhanced anxiety-like behavior in the open field test and reduced social interaction. Repeated exposure to WAS for 7 days had little influence on behavior but prevented the DSS-induced behavioral disturbances in the open field and SI tests. In contrast, repeated WAS did not modify colon length, colonic myeloperoxidase content and circulating proinflammatory cytokines, parameters used to assess colitis severity. DSS-induced colitis was associated with an increase in circulating neuropeptide Y (NPY), a rise in the hypothalamic expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and a decrease in the hippocampal expression of NPY mRNA, brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and mineralocorticoid receptor mRNA. Repeated WAS significantly decreased the relative expression of corticotropin-releasing factor mRNA in the hippocampus. The effect of repeated WAS to blunt the DSS-evoked behavioral disturbances was associated with a rise of circulating corticosterone and an increase in the expression of hypothalamic NPY mRNA. These results show that experimental colitis leads to a particular range of behavioral alterations which can be prevented by repeated WAS, a model of predictable chronic stress, while the severity of colitis remains unabated. We conclude that the mechanisms underlying the resilience effect of repeated WAS involves hypothalamic NPY and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Annotating Large Genomes With Exact Word Matches (2003)

We have developed a tool for rapidly determining the number of exact matches of any word within large, internally repetitive genomes or sets of genomes. Thus we can readily annotate any sequence, including the entire human genome, with the counts of its constituent words. We create a Burrows-Wheeler transform of the genome, which together with auxiliary data structures facilitating counting, can reside in about one gigabyte of RAM. Our original interest was motivated by oligonucleotide probe design, and we describe a general protocol for defining unique hybridization probes. But our method also has applications for the analysis of genome structure and assembly. We demonstrate the identification of chromosome-specific repeats, and outline a general procedure for finding undiscovered repeats. We also illustrate the changing contents of the human genome assemblies by comparing the annotations built from different genome freezes.
Does Oxygen Supply Improve Graft Viability in Liver Preservation? (1992)

While the clinical results of orthotopic liver transplantation have greatly improved, the viability of liver grafts and extension of the safe time for preservation are necessary factors in need of improvement. The liver is one of the organs most sensitive to anoxia. The addition of an oxygen carrying agent to the preservation solution was evaluated. Pyridoxalated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) is used as an oxygen carrier. Viaspan (UW) served as a control solution. Test solution (PHP+UW) composition was composed of a 1:1 mixture of PHP and UW solutions with hemoglobin 4.0g%, hydroxyethyl starch 2.5g%, osmolality 320 mOsm/kg H2O, and colloidal osmotic pressure 33 mmHg. The oxygen carrying capacity of PHP+UW solution is about 10 times higher than UW solution at 4 degrees C. Male Lewis rats (BW: 250-300 g) were divided into five groups. After flushing the solution via the portal vein, rat livers were harvested. Two preservation methods, simple storage and perfusion (0.1 ml/min/g liver), were studied at 4 degrees C for 24 or 48 hours. OxyHb, MetHb, pO2, pH, Na, K, GOT, and GPT of perfusate, hepatic mitochondrial functions after preservation, and tissue adenine nucleotides by HPLC were measured. Light microscopy on the tissue was also performed. No significant differences were noted in perfusate biochemical parameters. Oxygen consumption during the perfusion was significantly higher in the PHP+UW than in the UW group. Hepatic mitochondrial functions and tissue ATP levels were better preserved in perfusion than in simple storage, and in PHP+UW than in UW at 48 hours. The oxygen carrying agent, PHP, can provide significantly higher levels of oxygen to liver grafts and improve graft viability.
ClockPUF: Physical Unclonable Functions Based on Clock Networks (2013)

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) extract unique chip signatures from process variations. They are used in identification, authentication, integrity verification, and anti-counterfeiting tasks. We introduce new PUF techniques that extract bits from pairwise skews between sinks of a clock network. These techniques inherit the stability of clock network, but require a return network to deliver clock pulses to a certain region, where they are compared. Our algorithms select equidistant sinks and route the return network, then derive chip-specific random bits from available data with a moderate overhead. SPICE-based evaluation of clock-PUFs using a 45nm CMOS technology validates the operability, stability, uniqueness, randomness, and their low overhead.
Succeeding at Petroleum Engineering in a Digital Age (2020)

Q Engineering sells a cloud-based program that statistically predicts future production. Using its Typecurve Studio, a user can forecast 500 decline curves a minute after the data are downloaded from a database, said Mark Bahorich, the cofounder of Q, which was recently acquired by Enervus. Doing that manually would take from 2–5 minutes per well, or about 16–42 hours, he said. The downside of having a machine do it is that engineers once earned good money doing those boring jobs. If one person can do what 10 to 20 people once did, “you are getting rid of 9 or 19 jobs, or they need to find new stuff to do,” said Nathan Meehan, president of Gaffney, Cline, and Associates and 2016 SPE president. Long-term careers in petroleum engineering in the future will depend on an engineer’s ability to find valuable things to do. It is not a new challenge. Exploration and production is a cyclical business where engineers are possible targets when business slumps and cost cutting is required. Survivors often have additional skills, such as project management, team leadership, digital knowledge, or specialized technical knowledge. During a presentation on lessons learned during a long career in the oil business, Hon-Chung Lau, a professor in the Department of Civil and Environment Engineering at the National University of Singapore, described the decades of effort required over a career, which he breaks into three, 12-year stages (SPE 196027). Those who successfully reach the last stage of their career may feel secure. But Lau warns, “That is the stage when your career may be at risk.” Those who see a hefty paycheck as a sign of their value to the organization need to consider that earning the same salary as two new hires could make them a layoff target, he said during a presentation at the 2019 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.
Dynamic Wordclouds and Vennclouds for Exploratory Data Analysis (2014)

The wordcloud is a ubiquitous visualization of human language, though it falls short when used for exploratory data analysis. To address some of these shortcomings, we give the viewer explicit control over the creation of the wordcloud, allowing them to interact with it in real time‐ a dynamic wordcloud. This allows iterative adaptation of the visualization to the data and inference task at hand. We next present a principled approach to visualization which highlights the similarities and differences between two sets of documents ‐ a Venncloud. We make all the visualization code (primarily JavaScript) freely available.