gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial pathology and apoptotic muscle degeneration in <i>Drosophila parkin</i> mutants (2003)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Several lines of evidence strongly implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a major causative factor in PD, although the molecular mechanisms responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction are poorly understood. Recently, loss-of-function mutations in the parkin gene, which encodes a ubiquitin-protein ligase, were found to underlie a familial form of PD known as autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). To gain insight into the molecular mechanism responsible for selective cell death in AR-JP, we have created a Drosophila model of this disorder. Drosophila parkin null mutants exhibit reduced lifespan, locomotor defects, and male sterility. The locomotor defects derive from apoptotic cell death of muscle subsets, whereas the male sterile phenotype derives from a spermatid individualization defect at a late stage of spermatogenesis. Mitochondrial pathology is the earliest manifestation of muscle degeneration and a prominent characteristic of individualizing spermatids in parkin mutants. These results indicate that the tissue-specific phenotypes observed in Drosophila parkin mutants result from mitochondrial dysfunction and raise the possibility that similar mitochondrial impairment triggers the selective cell loss observed in AR-JP.
Comprison of Cell Productivities among Fed-Batch, Repeated Fed-Batch and Continuous Cultures at High Cell Concentration (1983)

The equations of cell productivities for three kinds of culture systems, fed-batch, repeated fed-batch, and continuous culture are proposed and compared with the experimental results using an ethanol-assimilating yeast, Candida brassicae. For the fed-batch culture, the maximum cell productivity, P FB , was observed at 14 h and it decreased afterwards. For the repeated fed-batch culture, the cell productivities, P RFB , estimated from the proposed equation were almost equal to the observed values. However, growth was retarded with the increase in repetition of cultures under dissolved oxygen (DO) limitation when the ratio of the volume drawn out to the total volume, V OUT /V f , was 0.78. On the other hand, growth retardation was not observed under no DO-limitation when V OUT /V f was 0.63. In the continuous culture, the highest cell productivity, P CONT , of 10 g dry cells/l•h was obtained at the dilution rate, D, of 0.23 h −1 and an ethanol concentration in the feed, S c , of 82 g/l. The P CONT above 10 g dry cells/l•h was not achieved because the steady state could not be maintained due to oxygen limitation. Cell productivities among the three culture systems were compared on the basis of feed rate of ethanol (g/l•h) for evaluation, and increased in the order of fed-batch, continuous and repeated fed-batch cultures
Serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced sexual dysfunction and its treatment: A large-scale retrospective study of 596 psychiatric outpatients (1997)

In the present study, a large-scale retrospective case review was undertaken to assess the incidence and type of sexual dysfunctions associated with serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) therapy, in addition to the effects of three pharmacological antidotes (yohimbine, amantadine, cyproheptadine) on SRI-induced sexual dysfunctions. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 596 patients treated with SRIs in an outpatient psychiatric practice between July 1991 and September 1994. Patients who reported new-onset sexual dysfunction during this time were categorized as having SRI-induced sexual dysfunctions. Sexual difficulties were characterized by type and duration, and the background characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses of all patients were recorded. Psychiatric outcome and sexual functioning at follow-up were independently assessed by a single psychiatrist by means of a 4-point rating scale. Sexual dysfunction symptoms were clearly associated with SRI administration in 97 (16.3%) cases. The most common problems reported were orgasmic delay or anorgasmia and hypoactive sexual desire. Sexual difficulties were more frequent among men (23.4%) and married patients of both sexes (22.3%), whereas psychiatric diagnosis and type of SRI were unrelated to the occurrence of sexual problems. Of the patients with sexual dysfunction, 45 (46.4%) opted for a trial of antidote therapy with yohimbine, amantadine, or cyproheptadine. All three antidotes were found to be safe and relatively effective, although yohimbine was significantly more effective than amantadine or cyproheptadine in reversing SRI-induced sexual dysfunction.
Passive Augmentations in Hearing Protection Technology Circa 2010 including Flat-Attenuation, Passive Level-Dependent, Passive Wave Resonance, Passive Adjustable Attenuation, and Adjustable-Fit Devices: Review of Design, Testing, and Research (2010)

Augmentations or enhancements to conventional HPDs, that is, those which attenuate noise strictly through static, passive means, are generally delineated into passive (non-electronic) and active (powered electronic) designs. While powered electronic augmentations are reviewed in Casali 1 (a parallel paper elsewhere in this issue), passive augmentations are represented by mechanical networks to achieve flat-by-frequency attenuation; level-dependent leakage pathways that house acoustically-variable occluders to yield minimal attenuation during quiet periods but sharply increasing attenuation upon intense noise bursts (such as gunfire); quarter-wave resonance ducts to bolster attenuation of specific frequencies; selectable cartridges or valves that enable passive attenuation to be adjusted for specific exposure needs; and dynamically adjustable-fit devices that provide adjustment features to enable personalized fit to the user as well as some degree of attenuation control. Intended benefits of passive augmented HPDs (akin to those of active devices as well) include (1) more natural hearing for the user, (2) improved speech communications and signal detection, (3) reduced noise-induced annoyance, (4) improved military tactics, stealth maintenance and gunfire protection, and (5) provision of protection that is tailored for the user's needs, noise exposure, and/or job requirements. This paper provides a technical overview of passive augmented HPDs that were available or have been prototyped circa early-2010. In cases where no empirical research results on the passive augmentations and their performance were available in the research literature, this review relied on patents, corporate literature, and/or the author's experience. For certain augmentations, a limited amount of empirical, operational performance research was available and it is covered herein. Finally, in view that at the juncture of this article the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was in the process of promulgating a comprehensive new federal law to govern the testing and labeling of hearing protectors of various types, those elements of the proposed law that pertain only to specific passive augmentation technologies are mentioned herein, 2 along with references to relevant standards on hearing protector attenuation testing.
Optical Fibre Excitation by Lenses (1979)

General mathematical and numerical results are given for the excitation of an optical fibre by a plane wave focused through a lens. Included are the effects on the coupling efficiency of transverse, longitudinal and angular misalignment of the lens and fibre axes. The accuracy of various approximations such as geometric optics in multimode fibres and gaussian modal fields in monomode fibres is also investigated.
Prolonged severe immunodeficiency following thymectomy and radiation: a case report (2014)

The lymphocytopenia, low CD4+ count, and failed response to pneumococcal vaccination that presented in our patient are consistent with immunodeficiency. After radiation alone, a recovery of T-lymphocytes is usually observed after approximately 3 weeks. Over the course of 8 years, he has still not made a full recovery according to laboratory markers, which seem to have stabilized at chronically low levels. To prevent serious complications, we suggest that patients who have undergone both thymectomy and radiation therapy be monitored for immunodeficiency. This case report informs the practices of allergists, oncologists, and neurologists in the continuing care of patients with thymoma.
142. Rare-earth metal amalgams. Part IV. The isolation of europium (1943)

J. K. Marsh, J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 531 DOI: 10.1039/JR9430000531
Generating English paraphrases from formal relational calculus expressions (1986)

This paper discusses a system for producing English descriptions (or "paraphrases") of the content of formal relational calculus (RC) formulae expressing a database (DB) query. It explains the underlying design motivations and describes a conceptual model and focus selection mechanism necessary for delivering coherent paraphrases. The general paraphrasing strategy is discussed, as are the notions of "desirable" paraphrase and "paraphrasable query". Two examples are included. The system was developed and implemented in Prolog at the University of Essex under a grant from ICL.
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: a method for probing protein conformational changes in solution (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrogen/deuterium exchange electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: a method for probing protein conformational changes in solutionViswanatham Katta and Brain T. ChaitCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 14, 6317–6321Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00067a054RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1524Altmetric-Citations251LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (626 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Quantitation of shock wave lithotripsy-induced lesion in small and large pig kidneys (1997)

Computer segmentation of serially sectioned SWL-treated kidneys has determined that kidney size is a risk factor for enhanced renal injury.
Isolation of a possible archetypal JC virus DNA sequence from nonimmunocompromised individuals (1990)

We molecularly cloned JC polyomavirus DNAs from urine samples of eight nonimmunosuppressed patients and two healthy individuals. The cloned viral DNAs all contained an archetypal regulatory sequence from which various regulatory sequences of JC polyomavirus isolates derived from patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy could have evolved by deletion and amplification.
Changes in the expression of P‐cadherin in the normal, cryptorchid and busulphan‐treated rat testis (2007)

Adhesion between Sertoli cells and germ cells is important for spermatogenesis. Cadherins are Ca(2+)-dependent transmembrane proteins that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of P-cadherin in unilaterally cryptorchid and busulphan-treated rat testes using immunohistochemistry. The pattern of expression of P-cadherin in the seminiferous epithelium changed with the stage of the seminiferous epithelium. The membranes of round spermatids and membranes and cytoplasm of spermatocytes were strongly positive. Our experiments revealed that busulphan treatment (2 doses - 10 mg/kg of body weight - 21 days apart) and cryptorchism led to destructive changes in the structure of seminiferous tubules, together with the decrease in P-cadherin expression. The expression of P-cadherin disappeared in the spermatids segregated from the epithelium while segregated spermatocytes remained still positive for P-cadherin during the 3- to 11-day cryptorchid period. In busulphan-treated animals, the expression of P-cadherin was dependent on the presence or absence of the spermatocytes and spermatids in the tubules. Strong positivity for P-cadherin was observed in the spermatocytes that re-appeared in the regenerating seminiferous epithelium. We suggest that P-cadherin participates in the architecture of adherens junctions in testis, plays an important role in maintaining normal spermatogenesis and that cryptorchism and busulphan treatment lead to adherens junction disintegration.
Trauma management incorporating focused assessment with computed tomography in trauma (FACTT) - potential effect on survival (2010)

Trauma management incorporating FACTT enhances a rapid response to life-threatening problems and enables a comprehensive assessment of the severity of each relevant injury. Due to its speed and accuracy, FACTT during primary trauma survey supports rapid decision-making and may increase survival.
Contribution of Visceral Obesity to the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (2001)

A high visceral adipose tissue accumulation has been associated with many metabolic perturbations typical of the insulin resistance syndrome, such as dyslipidemia, impaired glucose-insulin homeostasis, hypertension and impaired fibrinolysis. It has been documented that male gender aging, and a hyperglycemic state are conditions that increase the likelihood of displaying features of the insulin resistance syndrome. Accordingly, studies have demonstrated that the variation in visceral adipose tissue accumulation explains a significant proportion of the gender differences in the metabolic risk profile. Age-related differences in metabolic components of the insulin resistance syndrome have also been shown to be partly explained by the concomitant increase in visceral adipose tissue accumulation found with age. Studies have suggested that a high visceral adipose tissue accumulation contributes significantly to the deterioration in the plasma lipid-lipoprotein profile found in hyperglycemic subjects. Finally, it appears that the clustering of metabolic alterations of the insulin resistance syndrome is more pronounced in obese subjects with high levels of visceral fat that in those with a lower visceral adipose tissue accumulation.
Sensing and Recognizing Surface Textures Using a GelSight Sensor (2013)

Sensing surface textures by touch is a valuable capability for robots. Until recently it was difficult to build a compliant sensor with high sensitivity and high resolution. The GelSight sensor is compliant and offers sensitivity and resolution exceeding that of the human fingertips. This opens the possibility of measuring and recognizing highly detailed surface textures. The GelSight sensor, when pressed against a surface, delivers a height map. This can be treated as an image, and processed using the tools of visual texture analysis. We have devised a simple yet effective texture recognition system based on local binary patterns, and enhanced it by the use of a multi-scale pyramid and a Hellinger distance metric. We built a database with 40 classes of tactile textures using materials such as fabric, wood, and sandpaper. Our system can correctly categorize materials from this database with high accuracy. This suggests that the GelSight sensor can be useful for material recognition by robots.
Early Photon Optical Tomography (2006)

Fluorescence tomography is an emerging tool for functional and molecular imaging of tissues. Inversion is however complicated by the high scattering that photons experience when propagating through tissue that reduces resolution. While continuous wave systems offer implementation simplicity, time-resolved systems offer the ability to improve resolution and reduce the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem by using early arriving photons. We present an overview of our current progress in complete-angle illumination early photon tomography and present the associated data processing steps employed for early photon inversions.
Latent Embeddings for Zero-Shot Classification (2016)

We present a novel latent embedding model for learning a compatibility function between image and class embeddings, in the context of zero-shot classification. The proposed method augments the state-of-the-art bilinear compatibility model by incorporating latent variables. Instead of learning a single bilinear map, it learns a collection of maps with the selection, of which map to use, being a latent variable for the current image-class pair. We train the model with a ranking based objective function which penalizes incorrect rankings of the true class for a given image. We empirically demonstrate that our model improves the state-of-the-art for various class embeddings consistently on three challenging publicly available datasets for the zero-shot setting. Moreover, our method leads to visually highly interpretable results with clear clusters of different fine-grained object properties that correspond to different latent variable maps.
The translocation of antibiotics in higher plants. 4. Systemic fungicidal activity and chemical structure in griseofulvin relatives (1959)

solutions of eleven compounds chemically related to griseofulvin. The compounds studied comprised a diastereoisomer of griseofulvin, dechlorogriseofulvin, three homologues of griseofulvin, 7-chloro-4:6:4'-trimethoxy-6'-methylgris -3'-en -3: 2'-dione, the parent acidic trione, its basic amino derivative, two neutral alcoholic reduction products of the trione, and grisan-3:4'-dione.
Protective Effects of Inhaled PGE2 on Allergen-induced Airway Responses and Airway Inflammation (1999)

Inhalation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) had been reported to prevent allergen-induced bronchoconstrictor responses; however, the effects of inhaled PGE2 on allergen-induced airway inflammation or hyperresponsiveness after allergen are unknown. This study examined the effects of inhaled PGE2 on allergen-induced airway responses and inflammation. Eight mild asthmatics with a dual airway response to inhaled allergen were recruited into a double-blind randomized crossover study comparing the effects of inhaled PGE2 (100 microgram) or placebo, on allergen-induced changes in FEV1 measured for 7 h, induced sputum inflammatory cells, obtained at baseline, 7 and 24 h, and methacholine airway responsiveness measured at 24 h after challenge. Inhaled PGE2 attenuated the allergen-induced early fall in FEV1 from 24.4 +/- 3.6% after placebo to 10.3 +/- 2.5% after PGE2 (p = 0.002), the late fall in FEV1 from 21.2 +/- 2.7% after placebo to 12.6 +/- 3.6% after PGE2 (p = 0.03), allergen-induced methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness (p = 0.03) and allergen-induced increases in percent sputum eosinophils from 36.3 +/- 8.8% after placebo to 21.0 +/- 7.3% after PGE2 (p = 0.01), percentage of EG2+ cells (p = 0.02), and percentage of metachromatic cells (p = 0.02). These results indicate that inhaled PGE2 attenuates allergen-induced airway responses, hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation, when given immediately before inhaled allergen.
P4B-2 Beamforming Techniques for Motion Estimation in Ultrasound Elastography (2007)

In this paper, we will discuss about the interest and performance of synthetic aperture with transverse oscillations beamforming technique from the displacement estimation point of view. After the experimental validation of the combination of transmit and receive beamforming for transverse oscillations methods using synthetic aperture imaging performances in terms of displacement field accuracy are evaluated experimentally. Motion is estimated using a specific motion estimation method based on phase plane fittingThe quality of the estimation is evaluated by block wise correlation between the pre-deformation image and the registered post-deformation image. Results show that transmit and receive beamforming allow to increase by nearly a factor of 2 the transverse oscillations frequency increasing as well the transverse resolution by a factor of radic2 compared to receive beamforming only. This leads naturally to an increase in estimated displacement field accuracy.
Plasma clearance of iodine contrast media as a measure of glomerular filtration rate in critically ill patients (2001)

These findings indicate that the determination of plasma clearance of iohexol/iopromide is a simple, rapid, and accurate method that can indeed be used for estimating GFR in ICU patients with normal renal function or even different degrees of renal insufficiency.
High-Frequency and High-Density Design of all GaN Power Supply Unit (2018)

The GaN FETs have the capability of faster switching and lower on resistance than Silicon FETs. In many cost and space sensitive applications, GaN FETs can achieve high power density solution. This paper presents the design of high frequency high efficiency all GaN FETs solution for 240Vac to 48Vdc 3.2kW power supply unit (PSU). The PUS consists of an interleaved totem pole power factor corrector (PFC) with triangular current mode (TCM) and a LLC resonant converter. Zero voltage switching (ZVS) can be achieved for both PFC and LLC converter which increase the PSU switching frequency as well as power density.
Clinical entity recognition using structural support vector machines with rich features (2012)

Named entity recognition (NER) is an important task for natural language processing (NLP) of clinical text. Conditional Random Fields (CRFs), a sequential labeling algorithm, and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), which is based on large margin theory, are two typical machine learning algorithms that have been widely applied to NER tasks, including clinical entity recognition. However, Structural Support Vector Machines (SSVMs), an algorithm that combines the advantages of both CRFs and SVMs, has not been investigated for clinical text processing. In this study, we applied the SSVMs algorithm to the Concept Extraction task of the 2010 i2b2 clinical NLP challenge, which was to recognize entities of medical problems, treatments, and tests from hospital discharge summaries. Using the same training (N = 27,837) and test (N = 45,009) sets in the challenge, our evaluation showed that the SSVMs-based NER system required less training time, while achieved better performance than the CRFs-based system for clinical entity recognition, when same features were used. Our study also demonstrated that rich features such as unsupervised word representations improved the performance of clinical entity recognition. When rich features were integrated with SSVMs, our system achieved a highest F-measure of 85.74% on the test set of 2010 i2b2 NLP challenge, which outperformed the best system reported in the challenge by 0.5%.
Zero-order control of boost DC-DC converter with transient enhancement using residual current (2011)

In this paper, we present a zero-order-controlled (ZOC) boost DC-DC converter that has a robust control loop and does not consume any extra power in the steady state.
Impaired <scp>l</scp> -Arginine Transport and Endothelial Function in Hypertensive and Genetically Predisposed Normotensive Subjects (2004)

Similar to their hypertensive counterparts, normotensive individuals at high risk for the development of hypertension are characterized by impaired L-arginine transport, which may represent the link between a defective L-arginine/NO pathway and the onset of essential hypertension. The observed transport defect is not due to apparent alterations in CAT-1 expression or elevated endogenous ADMA.