gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Significant Interval and Frequent Pattern Discovery in Web Log Data (2010)

There is a considerable body of work on sequence mining of Web Log Data. We are using One Pass frequent Episode discovery (or FED) algorithm, takes a different approach than the traditional apriori class of pattern detection algorithms. In this approach significant intervals for each Website are computed first (independently) and these interval used for detecting frequent patterns/Episode and then the Analysis is performed on Significant Intervals and frequent patterns That can be used to forecast the user's behavior using previous trends and this can be also used for advertising purpose. This type of applications predicts the Website interest. In this approach, time-series data are folded over a periodicity (day, week, etc.) Which are used to form the Interval? Significant intervals are discovered from these time points that satisfy the criteria of minimum confidence and maximum interval length specified by the user.
Similar characteristics of the CDR3 of V<sub>H</sub>1‐69/DP‐10 rearrangements in normal human peripheral blood and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia B cells (1998)

The variable heavy chain (V(H)) gene segment V(H)1-69/DP-10 has been shown to be over-represented in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Because of certain similar characteristics of their complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3), including preferential utilization of J(H)6 elements and an extended length, it has been suggested that antigenic stimulation might be involved in leukaemogenesis. Utilizing single-cell PCR to amplify and sequence genomic DNA from individual normal human peripheral blood B cells, we have obtained 7/421 productively and 1/69 nonproductively rearranged V(H) genes that used V(H)1-69/DP-10. All productive rearrangements were unmutated, used J(H)6 and had an average CDR3 length similar to that previously found in V(H)1-69/DP-10-expressing CLL cells. These results suggest that CLL may arise from B cells commonly found in the peripheral B-cell repertoire and do not represent expansion of a unique subset of specific antigen-reactive B cells.
Lattice parameters and spontaneous strain in <i>AX</i> <sub>2</sub> polytypes: CdI<sub>2</sub>, PbI<sub>2</sub> SnS<sub>2</sub> and SnSe<sub>2</sub> (1989)

Structural transformations between polytypes of a given material are expected to lead to lattice relaxations. Powder X-ray diffraction of basic A X 2 polytypes of CdI 2 , PbI 2 , SnS 2 and SnSe 2 showed these relaxations for the repetition unit along the stacking axis, conventionally the c axis. No variation of the lattice parameters were detected in the basal plane (001), except for CdI 2 where small variations occur also for the a lattice parameter. The tensor of the spontaneous strain has its maximum component e 3 ≲ 12 × 10 −4 for SnS 2 . The powder diffraction pattern and lattice parameters of the phases of CdI 2 (2 H , 12 R , 4 H ), PbI 2 (2 H , 12 R ), SnS 2 (2 H , 18 R , 4 H ) and SnSe 2 (2 H , 18 R ) are given. JCPDS Diffraction File Nos. are: 40-1468 for CdI 2 -12 H ; 40–1469 for CdI 2 -2 H ; 40-1466 for SnS 2 -18 R , 40–1467 for SnS 2 -2 H ; 40–1465 for SnSe 2 -18 R . The other polytypes studied in this paper have data in earlier sets of the PDF.
Pericytes: Cell Biology and Pathology (2001)

Pericytes are perivascular cells with multifunctional activities which are now being elucidated. The functional interaction of pericytes with endothelial cells (EC) is now being established, using current molecular and cytochemical techniques. The detailed morphology of the pericyte has been well described. Pericytes extend long cytoplasmic processes over the surface of the EC, the two cells making interdigitating contacts. At points of contact, communicating gap junctions, tight junctions and adhesion plaques are present. Pericytes appear to show both structural and functional heterogeneity. The coverage of EC by pericytes varies considerably between different microvessel types and the location of pericytes on the microvessel is not random but appears to be functionally determined. Interaction between pericytes and EC is important for the maturation, remodelling and maintenance of the vascular system via the secretion of growth factors or modulation of the extracellular matrix. There is also evidence that pericytes are involved in the transport across the blood-brain barrier and the regulation of vascular permeability. The long-standing view that pericytes are the microvessel equivalent of larger vessel smooth muscle cells and are contractile is being reassessed using current methods. An important role for pericytes in pathology, and neuropathology in particular, has been indicated in hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and CNS tumour formation.
Macrocyclic Trichothecene Mycotoxins from a Deadly Poisonous Mushroom, <i>Podostroma cornu-damae</i> (2018)

Three new macrocyclic trichothecenes (1-3) and five known related compounds (4-8) were isolated from the MeOH extract of a plate culture of the fungus Podostroma cornu-damae, a deadly poisonous mushroom. Miophytocen D (1) is a rearranged macrocyclic type D trichothecene, featuring a bicyclo-[6.5]dodecahydrocyclopenta[ b]chromene scaffold, and the structures of new compounds (1-3) were delineated by the combination of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic experiments and HRESIMS, modified Mosher's esterification, and quantum chemical ECD calculations. The isolated compounds (1-8) were evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human breast cancer cell lines (Bt549, HCC70, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468). Compounds 4, 6, and 8 exhibited significant cytotoxic effects against the breast cancer cell lines, with IC<sub>50</sub> values in the range of 0.02-80 nM, which is stronger than doxorubicin, the positive control, and a structure-activity relationship was suggested.
The kinetics and mechanisms of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) crystallization to calcite, viavaterite. (2010)

The kinetics and mechanisms of nanoparticulate amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) crystallization to calcite, via vaterite, were studied at a range of environmentally relevant temperatures (7.5-25 °C) using synchrotron-based in situ time-resolved Energy Dispersive X-ray Diffraction (ED-XRD) in conjunction with high-resolution electron microscopy, ex situ X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The crystallization process occurs in two stages; firstly, the particles of ACC rapidly dehydrate and crystallize to form individual particles of vaterite; secondly, the vaterite transforms to calcite via a dissolution and reprecipitation mechanism with the reaction rate controlled by the surface area of calcite. The second stage of the reaction is approximately 10 times slower than the first. Activation energies of calcite nucleation and crystallization are 73±10 and 66±2 kJ mol(-1), respectively. A model to calculate the degree of calcite crystallization from ACC at environmentally relevant temperatures (7.5-40 °C) is also presented.
Learning and Inference for Clause Identification (2002)

This paper presents an approach to partial parsing of natural language sentences that makes global inference on top of the outcome of hierarchically learned local classifiers. The best decomposition of a sentence into clauses is chosen using a dynamic programming based scheme that takes into account previously identified partial solutions. This inference scheme applies learning at several levels---when identifying potential clauses and when scoring partial solutions. The classifiers are trained in a hierarchical fashion, building on previous classifications. The method presented significantly outperforms the best methods known so far for clause identification.
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF BENDING AND TORSIONAL DEFORMABILITY OF FRP PULTRUDED BEAMS (1996)

The deformability and buckling problems are very important in FRP material and they influence the design criteria. Thus, the evaluation of the elastic constants of the material is an important matter. In this paper different test procedures are analyzed. Direct tensile and torsional tests on specimens were carried out to define the Young's modulus and shear modulus of material; these values are also compared to that evaluated by indirect bending tests on the same specimens. Moreover the elastic constant are evaluated directly on the entire beam by indirect bending and torsional tests. The comparison between the different results points out the necessity of testing not only simple specimens but also entire elements. (A) For the covering abstract see ITRD E104933.
An Intelligent Agent for Prioritizing E-Mail Messages (1995)

The proliferation of telecommunication networks, like Internet and Bitnet, has promoted electronic mail (e-mail) into a viable business communication tool with widespread use that traverses all levels of management. In some organizations, e-mail users are being overwhelmed with a barrage of useless messages or “electronic junk” mail. This interferes with a user’s information processing capability and causes a negative effect on usefulness of this communication tool. This paper addresses the issue of time management by reducing information overload in email. A knowledge-based agent, called AIMS, was developed to prioritize e-mail messages. AIMS is different from other systems in three ways: 1) it does not burden users with the task of creating or maintaining message prioritizing rules, 2) it uses a user’s personal knowledge (or preferences) with organizational considerations for prioritizing messages, and 3) it was evaluated at an academic institution with a group of 46 e-mail users who found the prioritized list generated by AIMS highly accurate.Request access from your librarian to read this article's full text.
Generation of correlated photon pairs in type-II parametric down conversion—revisited (2001)

Abstract Type-II parametric down conversion in nonlinear optical crystals has turned out to be one of the most powerful methods to generate entangled photon pairs, and even allowed a large set of experiments on foundations of quantum mechanics and recent applications in quantum communication. In this paper, we present an experimental investigation of the emission characteristics for down-converted photons in order to investigate the possibility of high brightness sources for correlated photon pairs. Furthermore, we discuss possible ways to increase the collection efficiency for polarization entangled photon pairs.
Inference of sparse combinatorial-control networks from gene-expression data: a message passing approach (2010)

The algorithm we designed is able to recover biologically meaningful interactions, as shown by recent experimental results 1. Moreover, new cases of combinatorial control are predicted, showing how simple models taking this phenomenon into account can lead to informative predictions and allow to extract more putative regulatory interactions from microarray databases.
Fertilizer from Rock Phosphate Conversion by Fusion and Treatment with water Vapor (1937)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFertilizer from Rock Phosphate Conversion by Fusion and Treatment with water VaporHarry A. Curtis, Raymond L. Copson, Earl H. Brown, and Gordon R. PoleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1937, 29, 7, 766–771Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1937Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1937https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50331a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50331a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Where in the world have the six years gone (2012)

As our recently graduated colleagues nervously begin their internships, the sixth year medical students from UWA are busy undertaking an adventure of their own. What a mandate we have been given: to begin our final year of study with a six-week placement in an area of our interest, anywhere in the world. From the UK, USA and mainland Europe, to Africa, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, many of us have taken this amazing opportunity by the horns and have been flung to the four corners of the globe to complete our elective.
Clinical application of dendritic cells in cancer vaccination therapy (2003)

During the last decade use of dendritic cells (DC) has moved from murine and in vitro studies to clinical trials as adjuvant in cancer immunotherapy. Here they function as delivery vehicles for exogenous tumor antigens, promoting an efficient antigen presentation. The development of protocols for large-scale generation of dendritic cells for clinical applications has made possible phase I/II studies designed to analyze the toxicity, feasibility and efficacy of this approach. In clinical trials, DC-based vaccination of patients with advanced cancer has in many cases led to immunity and in selected patients to tumor regression. However, the majority of clinical trials are still in phase I, and interpretations are hampered by pronounced variation in study design related to technical aspects of DC preparation, treatment and schedule, monitoring of immune response, and clinically relevant endpoints, including toxicity and response evaluation. This paper aims to review the technical aspects and clinical impact of vaccination trials, focusing on the generation of DC-based vaccines, evaluation of immunologic parameters and design of clinical trials necessary to meet the need for good laboratory and clinical practice.
Celiac Disease Associated With Autoimmune Myocarditis (2002)

A common autoimmune process toward antigenic components of the myocardium and small bowel can be found in >4% of the patients with myocarditis. In these patients, immunosuppression and a gluten-free diet can be effective therapeutic options.
A Survey of Scalability Solutions on Blockchain (2018)

The blockchain is the distributed ledger technology, and the unchangeability is the main feature. However, the scalability is hindered to satisfy the characteristic. Nowadays, there are more and more attempts to put many applications on block-chains, but there are problems in actual use, for example, the low number of processing transactions per second (tps). Since solving these problems can increase the performance of the blockchain and reduce the cost, to solve them is one of the most important issues in the blockchain; And it is called the scalability issue. In this paper, we analyze methods that various attempts to solve it into following categories: On-chain, Off-chain, Side-chain, Child-chain and Inter-chain. We will analyze how these methods in each category work, what their pros and cons are, and finally compare which scalability issue has been resolved and their own features.
Enzyme‐Catalyzed Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to Furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylic Acid (2014)

Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a biobased platform chemical for the production of polymers. In the past few years, numerous multistep chemical routes have been reported on the synthesis of FDCA by oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Recently we identified an FAD-dependent enzyme which is active towards HMF and related compounds. This oxidase has the remarkable capability of oxidizing [5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-yl]methanol to FDCA, a reaction involving four consecutive oxidations. The oxidase can produce FDCA from HMF with high yield at ambient temperature and pressure. Examination of the underlying mechanism shows that the oxidase acts on alcohol groups only and depends on the hydration of aldehydes for the oxidation reaction required to form FDCA.
Application of neural networks in structure-activity relationships (1999)

Methodology and application of artificial neural networks in structure-activity relationships are reviewed focusing on the most frequently used three-layer feedforward back-propagation procedure. Two applications of neural networks are presented and a comparison of the performance with those of CoMFA and a classical QSAR analysis is also discussed.
Rotary Pumps and Diminished Pulsatility (2013)

Ventricular assist devices (VADs) have been successfully used as a bridge to heart transplant and destination therapy (DT) for congestive heart failure (HF) patients. Recently, continuous flow VAD (CVAD) has emerged as an attractive clinical option for long-term mechanical support of HF patients, with bridge-to-transplant outcomes comparable with pulsatile flow VAD (PVAD). Continuous flow VADs are smaller, more reliable, and less complex than the first-generation PVAD. Despite the widespread clinical use, CVAD support has been associated with gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic strokes, and aortic valve insufficiency. Speculation that diminished arterial pressure pulsatility associated with continuous flow devices may be contributing to these complications has sparked much debate over CVAD support. Studies comparing pulsatile flow and continuous flow (CF) support have presented conflicting findings, and the relevance to CVAD as DT is uncertain due to variations in device operation, support duration, and the criteria used to quantify pulsatility. Currently, there is interest in developing control algorithms for CVAD to increase the delivered pulsatility as a strategy to mitigate adverse event risks associated with CVAD therapy. There may also be the added benefit of specific control strategies for managing CVAD therapy, potentially improving the rate of myocardial recovery and successful weaning of mechanical circulatory support.
Hyperspectral infrared laser polarimetry for single-shot phase–amplitude imaging of thin films (2019)

We recently presented a novel laser-based infrared (IR) spectroscopic phase-amplitude polarimeter for sub-decisecond and <i>sub</i>-<i>mm</i><sup>2</sup> measurements of organic thin films [Opt. Lett.44, 4387 (2019)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.44.004387]. Here we report on the hyperspectral-imaging capabilities of this device. The single-shot polarimeter employs a broadly tunable mid-IR (1318<i>-</i>1765 <i>cm</i><sup>-1</sup>) quantum cascade laser (QCL) and a four-channel beam-division design for simultaneous phase and amplitude measurements. Fast QCL tuning speeds of up to 1500 <i>cm</i><sup>-1</sup>/<i>s</i> enable hyperspectral mapping of large sample areas (50×50 <i>mm</i><sup>2</sup>) within several tens of minutes, achieving 120 μm spatial and <0.5 <i>cm</i><sup>-1</sup> spectral resolution. We apply the instrument for imaging both the heterogeneous chemical and structural properties of sub-100 nm thin polymer and fatty-acid films. Our polarimeter opens up new applications regarding laterally resolved IR analyses of complex thin films.
Editorial: Advances in Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy (2020)

EDITORIAL article Front. Neurol., 06 August 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00793
Speaker Identification Within Whispered Speech Audio Streams (2011)

Whisper is an alternative speech production mode used by subjects in natural conversation to protect the privacy. Due to the profound differences between whisper and neutral speech in both excitation and vocal tract function, the performance of speaker identification systems trained with neutral speech degrades significantly. In this paper, a seamless neutral/whisper mismatched closed-set speaker recognition system is developed. First, performance characteristics of a neutral trained closed-set speaker ID system based on an Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient-Gaussian mixture model (MFCC-GMM) framework is considered. It is observed that for whisper speaker recognition, performance degradation is concentrated for only a subset of speakers. Next, it is shown that the performance loss for speaker identification in neutral/whisper mismatched conditions is focused on phonemes other than low-energy unvoiced consonants. In order to increase system performance for unvoiced consonants, an alternative feature extraction algorithm based on linear and exponential frequency scales is applied. The acoustic properties of misrecognized and correctly recognized whisper are analyzed in order to develop more effective processing schemes. A two-dimensional feature space is proposed in order to predict on which whispered utterances the system will perform poorly, with evaluations conducted to measure the quality of whispered speech. Finally, a system for seamless neutral/whisper speaker identification is proposed, resulting in an absolute improvement of 8.85%-10.30% for speaker recognition, with the best closed set speaker ID performance of 88.35% obtained for a total of 961 read whisper test utterances, and 83.84% using a total of 495 spontaneous whisper test utterances.
3D fabrication of all-polymer conductive microstructures by two photon polymerization (2013)

A technique to fabricate electrically conductive all-polymer 3D microstructures is reported. Superior conductivity, high spatial resolution and three-dimensionality are achieved by successive application of two-photon polymerization and in situ oxidative polymerization to a bi-component formulation, containing a photosensitive host matrix and an intrinsically conductive polymer precursor. By using polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), the conductivity of 0.04 S/cm is reached, which is the highest value for the two-photon polymerized all-polymer microstructures to date. The measured electrical conductivity dependency on the EDOT concentration indicates percolation phenomenon and a three-dimensional nature of the conductive pathways. Tunable conductivity, biocompatibility, and environmental stability are the characteristics offered by PEG-DA/EDOT blends which can be employed in biomedicine, MEMS, microfluidics, and sensorics.
Modeling Differential Item Functioning Using a Generalization of the Multiple-Group Bifactor Model (2012)

The authors present a generalization of the multiple-group bifactor model that extends the classical bifactor model for categorical outcomes by relaxing the typical assumption of independence of the specific dimensions. In addition to the means and variances of all dimensions, the correlations among the specific dimensions are allowed to differ between groups. By including group-specific difficulty parameters, the model can be used to assess differential item functioning (DIF) for testlet-based tests. The model encompasses various item response models for polytomous data by allowing for different link functions, and it includes testlet and second-order models as special cases. Importantly, by assuming that the testlet dimensions are conditionally independent given the general dimension, the authors show, using a graphical model framework, that the integration over all latent variables can be carried out through a sequence of computations in two-dimensional subspaces, making full-information maximum likelihood estimation feasible for high-dimensional problems and large datasets. The importance of relaxing the orthogonality assumption and allowing for a different covariance structure of the dimensions for each group is demonstrated in the context of the assessment of DIF. Through a simulation study, it is shown that ignoring between-group differences in the structure of the multivariate latent space can result in substantially biased estimates of DIF.