gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Li–O<sub>2</sub> Cell with LiI(3-hydroxypropionitrile)<sub>2</sub> as a Redox Mediator: Insight into the Working Mechanism of I<sup>–</sup> during Charge in Anhydrous Systems (2017)

Redox mediators (RMs) have been widely applied to reduce the charge overpotential of nonaqueous lithium-oxygen (Li-O<sub>2</sub>) batteries. Among the reported RMs, LiI is under hot debate with lots of controversial reports. However, there is a limited understanding of the charge mechanism of I<sup>-</sup> in anhydrous Li-O<sub>2</sub> batteries. Here, we study the chemical reactivity between the oxidized state of I<sup>-</sup> and Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. We confirm that the Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> particles could be chemically oxidized by I<sub>2</sub> rather than I<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> species. Furthermore, our work demonstrates that the generated I<sup>-</sup> from Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidation would combine with I<sub>2</sub> to give I<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> species, hindering further oxidation of Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> by I<sub>2</sub>. To improve the working efficiency of I<sup>-</sup> RMs, we introduce a compound LiI(3-hydroxypropionitrile)<sub>2</sub> (LiI(HPN)<sub>2</sub>) with a high binding ability of I<sup>-</sup>. Compared with LiI, the cell that contained LiI(HPN)<sub>2</sub> shows a significantly increased amount of I<sub>2</sub> species during charge and enhanced Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidation efficiency under the same working conditions.
Seed Maggot Control, 1985 (1986)

Abstract A hand-pushed ‘V’ belt seeder was used to plant 100 seeds and distribute insecticide granules or powder in the furrow. A 2-4 inch band of meat and bone meal was placed over the row to increase oviposition in the vicinity of the seeds. Each plot consisted of single row treatments 15 ft long, 3 ft apart in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. All in-house seed treatments were made 24 Jun and each crop planted in separate plots 1 Jul. Damage counts were made 10 Jul. Emerged seedlings in each row were counted, with an avg % calculated on the number of damaged plants observed. Seed maggot populations were relatively low with all plots receiving minor damage.
Effect of (.ALPHA.+.BETA.)-quenching on the mechanical properties of sintered Ti-Fe binary alloys. (1987)

The effect of an (α+β)-quenching on the mechanical properties of sintered Ti-(2-6) wt%Fe alloys was investigated, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: The remarkable improvement of the mechanical properties ofsintered Ti-Fe alloys was observed by both the (α+β)-quenching from the temperature being 50 K below β-transus and from 913 K being 50 K above the eutectoid reaction, and the well refined microstructure was observed in both of the above mentoned two cases. The mechanical properties of Ti-4 wt% Fe specimen quenched from both of the above mentioned (α+β)-regions are also confirmed to be comparable with those of HIP'ed Ti-6A1-4V alloy.
Space charge behavior in epoxy-paper-epoxy three layers composites (2016)

Generally, UHV converter transformer bushing cores use epoxy resin and insulating paper composite materials as the main insulating dielectric. It is necessary to study the space charge behavior of epoxy resin/insulating paper composites at high temperature and field strength. According to the insulation structure of dry-type bushing core, two epoxy/paper/epoxy three layers Composite samples with different thickness were made(sample1#: epoxy0.24mm, paper0.09mm, epoxy0.24mm; sample 2#: epoxy0.24mm, paper0.13mm, epoxy0.10mm). Both voltage-on and voltage-off space charge tests were performed for 1h by Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) method under different electric field (10kV/mm, 20kV/mm and 40kV/mm). The test results and analysis show: 1. Because of the acoustic reflection signals superposition, sample1# with same thickness of two epoxy layers is difficult to obtain the real multilayer space charge behavior by PEA. Sample2# with different thickness of two epoxy layers can avoid the acoustic reflection signals superposition effectively. 2. At 60°C, under different electric field, the space charge tests show there is another charge peak Kc in impregnated paper. It is due to the incompletion of paper impregnation. At this time, the charge distributing information is reliable. Under 10kV/mm ~ 40kV/mm, negative charge injection cannot be observed. And the injected depth around anode is small. The sample with different thickness of two epoxy layers can avoid the acoustic reflected signals superposition to PEA method measuring interference effectively. At 60°C, the quantity of charge at the interface is due to the difference of dielectric constant and conductivity between two layers. After voltage-on test, interfacial polarization not reached steady state. Interfacial charge revealed a trend of continued increase. This research will provides the basis for multilayer dielectric space charge tests and analysis.
Bodysearch technology uses X-ray imaging to remove hazards and humiliation from personnel searches (2002)

Smuggling of weapons, drugs, and valuable materials on the body across international borders and through security-sensitive installations presents difficult social problems such as the safety of the officers and the privacy of the subjects. The Bodysearch system, which uses low-exposure X-rays to image a person's body, solves some of these problems by providing a safe, fast, and effective way to unobtrusively search a person's body. At the same time the implementation of Bodysearch challenges society to decide if it is ready to go the next step and use more widespread inspections of persons in order to reduce the opportunities for criminal acts against society.
<title>Developmental history and trends for reaction-bonded silicon carbide mirrors</title> (1996)

During the decade of the 1980's, silicon carbide was funded primarily as the water cooled mirror material for the future and secondarily as a lightweight tactical alternative to beryllium and glass. With the perceived deployment of Star Wars, the payoff for the silicon carbide investment was imminent. Wrong assumption. The emphasis shifted from cooled optics to lightweight, uncooled optics and structures during the early 1990's. CERAFORM SiC became more attractive as a mirror material as the forming process produced lighter, closed back mirrors and a polishing process was developed to finish the bare material to 10 angstroms rms. Cost became the major limitation to penetrating commercial markets and with the defense cut-backs in 1993 UTOS ceases operations. The facilities and intellectual property associated with CERAFORM was at the mercy of bean counters. In March 1995 Xintics officially purchased form the United Technologies Corporation all intellectual property including patents, processes, proposals, engineering notebook, and trademarks pertaining to CERAFORM SiC. In a subsequent deal, part of the furnace facility was also obtained.
Vibration-observation techniques for digital speckle-pattern interferometry (1985)

Vibration observation is a major application of digital speckle-pattern interferometry (DSPI), which is a variation on electronic speckle-pattern interferometry (ESPI). DSPI processes speckle patterns in a computer rather than with a frame grabber and analog electronics as in ESPI. A new method of observing vibration fringes is presented and compared with existing techniques as well as some variations on them. Fringe contrast and signal-to-noise ratio are used as a means of comparison since these quantities are dependent on the techniques used. This new technique involves continuously subtracting a reference frame containing only self-interference terms and no cross interference term from the time-averaged data frames of the vibrating object. This reference frame is created by vibrating a reference mirror at a high amplitude while the object is at rest. Comparisons of calculated fringe contrast with four other observation methods show that this method yields extremely good fringe contrast. Experimental results are shown for this new technique as well as for the most commonly used vibration-observation technique. These results show that the new technique is far superior to all the other methods for moderately unstable objects, which may slowly drift or deform in time.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethanes Derived from Fractionated Kraft Lignin. (1997)

Polyurethane (PU) sheets were prepared from fractionated kraft lignin (KL) samples having molecular weights (MW's) of 1420 and 860, polyethylene glycol having a MW of 400 (PEG 400) and diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). KL contents in weight %, in a mixture of KL and PEG 400, were varied from 10 to 50%. The thermal and mechanical properties of PU's were studied by thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile tests. The thermal decomposition temperatures slightly decreased with increasing KL contents. The glass transition temperatures (Tg's) increased, the temperature range of glass transition (ΔT) increased, and the heat capacity difference between the glass and rubbery states at Tg's (ΔCp) decreased, with increasing KL contents. Tensile properties such as strength at break (σ), elongation at break (ε), and Young's modulus (E) were measured at 25°C. The obtained results were highly dependent on the state, i.e. the glassy state and the rubbery state. The effect of molecular weight of KL on thermal degradation and tensile properties was not prominent. However, Tg's apparently increased with decreasing molecular weights of KL when the same amounts in weight % of KL were introduced into PU molecules.
Computer Facial Animation (2008)

This comprehensive work provides the fundamentals of computer facial animation and brings into sharper focus techniques that are becoming mainstream in the industry. Over the past decade, since the publication of the first edition, there have been significant developments by academic research groups and in the film and games industries leading to t
Autologous implantation of BMP2‐expressing dermal fibroblasts to improve bone mineral density and architecture in rabbit long bones (2014)

Cell-mediated gene therapy may treat bone fragility disorders. Dermal fibroblasts (DFb) may be an alternative cell source to stem cells for orthopedic gene therapy because of their rapid cell yield and excellent plasticity with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) gene transduction. Autologous DFb or BMP2-expressing autologous DFb were administered in twelve rabbits by two delivery routes; a transcortical intra-medullar infusion into tibiae and delayed intra-osseous injection into femoral drill defects. Both delivery methods of DFb-BMP2 resulted in a successful cell engraftment, increased bone volume, bone mineral density, improved trabecular bone microarchitecture, greater bone defect filling, external callus formation, and trabecular surface area, compared to non-transduced DFb or no cells. Cell engraftment within trabecular bone and bone marrow tissue was most efficiently achieved by intra-osseous injection of DFb-BMP2. Our results suggested that BMP2-expressing autologous DFb have enhanced efficiency of engraftment in target bones resulting in a measurable biologic response by the bone of improved bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture. These results support that autologous implantation of DFb-BMP2 warrants further study on animal models of bone fragility disorders, such as osteogenesis imperfecta and osteoporosis to potentially enhance bone quality, particularly along with other gene modification of these diseases.
Structural Implications of Fluorescence Quenching in the <i>Shaker</i> K+ Channel (1998)

When attached to specific sites near the S4 segment of the nonconducting (W434F) Shaker potassium channel, the fluorescent probe tetramethylrhodamine maleimide undergoes voltage-dependent changes in intensity that correlate with the movement of the voltage sensor (Mannuzzu, L.M., M.M. Moronne, and E.Y. Isacoff. 1996. Science. 271:213-216; Cha, A., and F. Bezanilla. 1997. Neuron. 19:1127-1140). The characteristics of this voltage-dependent fluorescence quenching are different in a conducting version of the channel with a different pore substitution (T449Y). Blocking the pore of the T449Y construct with either tetraethylammonium or agitoxin removes a fluorescence component that correlates with the voltage dependence but not the kinetics of ionic activation. This pore-mediated modulation of the fluorescence quenching near the S4 segment suggests that the fluorophore is affected by the state of the external pore. In addition, this modulation may reflect conformational changes associated with channel opening that are prevented by tetraethylammonium or agitoxin. Studies of pH titration, collisional quenchers, and anisotropy indicate that fluorophores attached to residues near the S4 segment are constrained by a nearby region of protein. The mechanism of fluorescence quenching near the S4 segment does not involve either reorientation of the fluorophore or a voltage-dependent excitation shift and is different from the quenching mechanism observed at a site near the S2 segment. Taken together, these results suggest that the extracellular portion of the S4 segment resides in an aqueous protein vestibule and is influenced by the state of the external pore.
HLA Antigens in Malay Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (1994)

Many studies have shown an association between human leucocyte antigens (HLA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the various study populations. Although SLE is not an uncommon disease in the Malaysian Archipelago, and appears to affect all three major racial groups equally (i.e. Southern Chinese, Malays and Southern Indians), very little information is available on the HLA profiles in the two latter groups. In phase I of our study of the HLA profiles in Malaysian SLE patients, the HLA phenotypes (class I: A, B, C; Class II: DR, DQ) of Malay patients with confirmed SLE and 91 normal Malay controls were determined using the microcytotoxicity assay. The strong association between DR (RR 3.28, P = 0.008) concurs with that reported among Chinese and Japanese populations. Moderate to strong associations with HLA-B 7 (RR 4.99, P = 0.02) and Cw 7 (RR 2.94, P = 0.003) were also found. We believe this is the first report of the association of HLA and SLE in the Malay population.
Epstein–Barr virus infection induces an increase of T regulatory type 1 cells in Hodgkin lymphoma patients (2014)

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is present in the neoplastic cells of around 20-30% of patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). Although, an immunosuppressive environment is currently described in HL patients, little is known concerning the regulatory mechanism induced by EBV proteins expression in tumour cells. This study aimed to investigate an association between regulatory Type 1 cells (Tr1) and EBV tissue positivity in HL patients. Transcriptomic analysis of both EBV-positive and EBV-negative tumours showed that EBV infection increased gene expression of Tr1-related markers (ITGA2, ITGB2, LAG3) and associated-immunosuppressive cytokines (IL10). This up-regulation was associated with an over-expression of several chemokine markers known to attract T-helper type 2 (Th2) and regulatory T cells thus contributing to immune suppression. This Tr1 cells recruitment in EBV-positive HL was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis of frozen nodes biopsies and by flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of EBV-positive patients. Additionally, we showed that IL10 production was significantly enhanced in tumours and blood of EBV-positive HL patients. Our results propose a new model in which EBV can recruit Tr1 cells to the nodes' microenvironment, suggesting that the expression of EBV proteins in tumour cells could enable the escape of EBV-infected tumour cells from the virus-specific CTL response.
脑卒中后遗症期患者社区康复评定量表选择初探 (2015)

Objective: To choose the scales that can comprehensively assess the function of patients with stroke sequelae for the grassroots medical staff. Methods: The commonly used scales were selected. The patients with stroke sequelae were assessed by the MOS item short from health survey(SF-36), Modified Barthel Index(MBI), Brain Injury Community Rehabilitation Outcome Scales(BICRO-39)，WHO Disability Assessment Scale II(WHO-DAS II) and Anxiety and Depression Self-rating Scales(SAS and SDS). The assessment datum was conducted by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The data of MBI have significant correlation among the datum of WHO-DASII, SF-36 and BICRO 39 scales( P 0.05). Conclusions: Community doctors can choose MBI which can effectively assess the activities of daily living for the community patients with stroke sequelae. MBI also can reflect the functional levels of community patients with stroke sequelae.
Instrumental Reduction of Background Signal of Fuel-Rich Oxyacetylene Flames Used in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInstrumental Reduction of Background Signal of Fuel-Rich Oxyacetylene Flames Used in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.J. D. Winefordner and Claude. VeillonCite this: Anal. Chem. 1964, 36, 4, 943–944Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60210a076RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views22Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (261 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amino-Functionalized Poly(arylene ether ketone)s (1997)

Amino-functionalized poly(arylene ether ketone)s have been synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution from isomeric amino-functionalized monomers and Bisphenol A. The polymerizations have been found to proceed without any side reactions. The polymers were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The glass transition temperatures and thermal stabilities of the isomeric polymers have been determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. A strong dependence of the glass transition temperature on the position of the amino function in the polymer backbone was observed. This could be explained by inter- or intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Owing to the good reactivity of the amine groups, those polymers will then allow further modifications and easily lead, for example, to amide formation or to the grafting of various molecules.
Design and Characterization of MEMS Optical Microphone for Aeroacoustic Measurement (2004)

Abstract : This paper presents the design and characterization of an intensity modulated optical lever microphone. Optical microphones (OM) have an inherent immunity to environments hostile to electronics due to the spatial separation of the electronics and the acoustic field under test. Theoretical equations for the sensitivity, minimum detectable signal, and frequency response are presented. Physical phenomena responsible for limiting the microphone minimum detectable signal (MDS) are identified, and a model is developed for use with a laser diode as the light source. The characterization of the microphone indicates an overall sensitivity of 0.5 mV/Pa, a linear response up to 132dB ref. 20 uPa, and an overall noise floor of 70dB measured at 1kHz over a 1Hz bin.
Multimeric arrays of the yeast retrotransposon Ty. (1990)

We have identified a novel integrated form of the yeast retrotransposon Ty consisting of multiple elements joined into large arrays. These arrays were first identified among Ty-induced alpha-pheromone-resistant mutants of MATa cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which contain Ty insertions at HML alpha that result in the expression of that normally silent cassette. These insertions are multimeric arrays of both the induced genetically marked Ty element and unmarked Ty elements. Structural analysis of the mutations indicated that the arrays include tandem direct repeats of Ty elements separated by only a single long terminal repeat. The Ty-HML junction fragments of one mutant were cloned and shown to contain a 5-base-pair duplication of the target sequence that is characteristic of a Ty transpositional insertion. In addition, the arrays include rearranged Ty elements that do not have normal long terminal repeat junctions. We have also identified multimeric Ty insertions at other chromosomal sites and as insertions that allow expression of a promoterless his3 gene on a plasmid. The results suggest that Ty transposition includes an intermediate that can undergo recombination to produce multimers.
Genotyping‐in‐Thousands by sequencing (GT‐seq): A cost effective SNP genotyping method based on custom amplicon sequencing (2014)

Genotyping-in-Thousands by sequencing (GT-seq) is a method that uses next-generation sequencing of multiplexed PCR products to generate genotypes from relatively small panels (50-500) of targeted single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for thousands of individuals in a single Illumina HiSeq lane. This method uses only unlabelled oligos and PCR master mix in two thermal cycling steps for amplification of targeted SNP loci. During this process, sequencing adapters and dual barcode sequence tags are incorporated into the amplicons enabling thousands of individuals to be pooled into a single sequencing library. Post sequencing, reads from individual samples are split into individual files using their unique combination of barcode sequences. Genotyping is performed with a simple perl script which counts amplicon-specific sequences for each allele, and allele ratios are used to determine the genotypes. We demonstrate this technique by genotyping 2068 individual steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) samples with a set of 192 SNP markers in a single library sequenced in a single Illumina HiSeq lane. Genotype data were 99.9% concordant to previously collected TaqMan(™) genotypes at the same 192 loci, but call rates were slightly lower with GT-seq (96.4%) relative to Taqman (99.0%). Of the 192 SNPs, 187 were genotyped in ≥90% of the individual samples and only 3 SNPs were genotyped in <70% of samples. This study demonstrates amplicon sequencing with GT-seq greatly reduces the cost of genotyping hundreds of targeted SNPs relative to existing methods by utilizing a simple library preparation method and massive efficiency of scale.
Practical aspects of milk collection in the rat (1995)

It is a requirement as part of the safety evaluation of novel compounds, which are intended to be administered to pregnant women or women with young children, that the potential for the compound or its metabolites to be transferred from a dam to its litter during lactation is measured. The data obtained from the rat milking studies are also used to support the rat peri- and post-natal studies. Therefore it is necessary to collect multiple milk samples from lactating rats. In this paper it was decided to concentrate on three areas: 1. The factors which had to be considered during the development of the rat milking technique; 2. The outline of the basic study design for a rat milking study; 3. The technique for milking rats.