gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outage probabilities in the presence of correlated lognormal interferers (1994)

Several approaches that can be used to compute the distribution of a sum of correlated lognormal random variables (RVs) are investigated. Specifically, Wilkinson's approach (Schwartz and Yeh, 1982), an extension to Schwartz and Yeh's (1982) approach, and a cumulants matching approach (Schleher, 1977) are studied. The aim is to determine which method is best for computing the complementary distribution function (CDF) of a sum of correlated lognormal RVs considering both accuracy and computational effort. Then, using these techniques, the authors compute the outage probability of a desired lognormal shadowed signal in the presence of multiple correlated lognormal cochannel interferers. The outage results are presented as a function of the reuse factor. The reuse factor is defined as the distance between the centers of the two nearest cells using the same frequencies divided by the cell radius. It is a key parameter in the design of any frequency reuse system. Simulation results are used for verification and comparison. Overall, the results obtained show that among the three methods considered Wilkinson's approach may be the best method to compute the CDF of sums of correlated lognormal RVs (and hence the outage probability in correlated lognormal shadowed mobile radio environments). This is due to both its accuracy and computational simplicity over the range of parameters valid for practical applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Energy Component Analysis of the Pseudo Jahn-Teller Effect in Pentalene and Heptalene (1992)

Abstract An energy component analysis of the pseudo Jahn-Teller effect from D2h to C2h within the PPP-type HF approximation reveals that the energetic stability for heptalene arises essentially from a lowering of the electron-nuclear attraction energy, while that for pentalene arises entirely from a decrease in the interelectronic repulsion energy.
Novel Oxa-di-π-methane and Norrish Type I Reactions in the S<sub>2</sub> (π,π*) Excited State of a Series of β,γ-Unsaturated Ketones (2005)

[reaction: see text] Beta,gamma-unsaturated methyl ketones with electron-withdrawing groups at the gamma-position of the ene moiety undergo ODPM rearrangements and Norrish type I reactions on direct irradiation at 254 nm. The results are consistent with the involvement of alkene S(2) (pi,pi*) as reactive excited states in these processes.
The Stereochemistry of the Sulfation of Optically Active Secondary Butyl Alcohol (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of the Sulfation of Optically Active Secondary Butyl AlcoholRobert L. BurwellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 5, 1769–1771Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01173a067https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01173a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effect of annealing environment on the memory properties of thin oxides with embedded Si nanocrystals obtained by low-energy ion-beam synthesis (2003)

The effect of annealing in diluted oxygen versus inert environment on the structural and electrical characteristics of thin silicon dioxide layers with embedded Si nanocrystals fabricated by very low-energy silicon implantation (1 keV) is reported. Annealing in diluted oxygen increases the thickness of the control oxide, improves the integrity of the oxide and narrows the size distribution of the nanocrystals without affecting significantly their mean size (∼2 nm). Strong charge storage effects at low gate voltages and enhanced charge retention times are observed through electrical measurements of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors. These results indicate that a combination of low-energy silicon implants and annealing in diluted oxygen allows for the fabrication of improved low-voltage nonvolatile memory devices.
Integration of multiple automotive radar modules based on fiber-wireless network (2015)

An integrated millimeter-wave (77/79 GHz) automotive radar system based on fiber-wireless network is proposed. The purpose of this integrated system is to realize a 360° radar protection and to make the overall automotive radar system more affordable. The central module (CM) generates the desired radar signals and processes the received data. The individual radar modules (RMs) only amplify and mix down the signals. No PLL and ADCs are in RMs. Fiber network is applied for distributing the millimeter-wave radar signals from CM to RMs. An example of integration of four automotive radar modules based on fiber-wireless (Fi-Wi) network is also discussed. A frequency quadrupler is utilized in RM. Therefore, CM needs to generate only 19~20.25-GHz signals. This could lower the operation frequencies as well as the cost of optical-to-electrical (O/E) and electrical-to-optical (E/O) converters. The smaller individual RM will provide more installation flexibility. Furthermore, the fiber network can also be the backbone of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to connect more sensors, and accommodate the future big data flow. Fi-Wi network could provide the overall integrated automotive radar system with more expandability. This proposed system could be a great candidate to provide sensing functions of future fully autonomous cars.
Asymmetric Drain Underlap Schottky Barrier SOI MOSFET for Low-Power High Performance Nanoscale CMOS Circuits (2011)

In this paper, asymmetric drain (ASD) under lap channel do pant-segregated Schottky barrier (DSSB) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFET has been proposed for low-power high performance (HP) CMOS circuits. The overlap channel at the source and under lap at the drain of this structure reduces the off-state leakage (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> ), short-channel effects, gate induced drain leakage and improves the on-state drive current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> ) in comparison to symmetric source/drain (SSD) overlap and under lap structures. The mixed-mode device/circuit simulation results of CMOS inverter, NAND and NOR gates based on these structures show that, although due to under lap at source/drain the reduced I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> reduces the static power dissipation (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stat</sub> ) in SSD under lap based logic gates, the reduced I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> due to voltage drop across the under lap lengths increases the propagation delay (τ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> ) in these gates as compared to SSD overlap based CMOS gates. On the other hand, in the case of proposed ASD under lap the reduced I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> with improved I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> not only reduces Pstat but also reduces tp in comparison to SSD overlap and under lap based CMOS gates. Thus, the combined advantages of SSD under lap and overlap structures makes the proposed ASD under lap structure suitable for low-power HP CMOS logic circuits. The proposed fabrication flow of this novel device also demonstrates the use of conventional CMOS processes.
Opportunities & Challenges In Automatic Speech Recognition (2013)

Automatic speech recognition enables a wide range of current and emerging applications such as automatic transcription, multimedia content analysis, and natural human-computer interfaces. This paper provides a glimpse of the opportunities and challenges that parallelism provides for automatic speech recognition and related application research from the point of view of speech researchers. The increasing parallelism in computing platforms opens three major possibilities for speech recognition systems: improving recognition accuracy in non-ideal, everyday noisy environments; increasing recognition throughput in batch processing of speech data; and reducing recognition latency in realtime usage scenarios. This paper describes technical challenges, approaches taken, and possible directions for future research to guide the design of efficient parallel software and hardware infrastructures.
Role of the Transverse‐Axial Tubule System in Generating Calcium Sparks and Calcium Transients in Rat Atrial Myocytes (2003)

Cardiac atrial cells lack a regular system of transverse tubules like that in cardiac ventricular cells. Nevertheless, many atrial cells do possess an irregular internal transverse-axial tubular system (TATS). To investigate the possible role of the TATS in excitation-contraction coupling in atrial myocytes, we visualized the TATS (labelled with the fluorescent indicator, Di-8-ANEPPS) simultaneously with Ca2+ transients and/or Ca2+ sparks (fluo-4). In confocal transverse linescan images of field-stimulated cells, whole-cell Ca2+ transients had two morphologies: 'U-shaped' transients and irregular or 'W-shaped' transients with a varying number of points of origin of the Ca2+ transient. About half (54 %, n =289 cells, 13 animals) of the cells had a TATS. Cells with TATS had a larger mean diameter (13.2 +/- 2.8 microm) than cells without TATS (11.7 +/- 2.0 microm) and were more common in the left atrium (n = 206 cells; left atrium: 76 with TATS, 30 without TATS; right atrium: 42 with TATS, 58 without TATS). Simultaneous measurement of Ca2+ sparks and sarcolemmal structures showed that cells without TATS had U-shaped transients that started at the cell periphery, and cells with TATS had W-shaped transients that began simultaneously at the cell periphery and the TATS. Most (82 out of 102 from 31 cells) 'spontaneous' (non-depolarized) Ca2+ sparks occurred within 1 microm of a sarcolemmal structure (cell periphery or TATS), and 33 % occurred within 1 pixel (0.125 microm). We conclude that the presence of a sarcolemmal membrane either at the cell periphery or in the TATS in close apposition to the sarcoplasmic reticulum is required for the initiation of an evoked Ca2+ transient and for spontaneous Ca2+ sparks.
Molecular conformations of 9,9'-bianthryl, di-9-anthrylmethane, and some related twisted anthracene derivatives (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular conformations of 9,9'-bianthryl, di-9-anthrylmethane, and some related twisted anthracene derivativesHans Dieter Becker, Vratislav Langer, Joachim Sieler, and Hans Christian BeckerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 6, 1883–1887Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00032a050https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00032a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views474Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Combined symbol matching facsimile data compression system (1980)

A facsimile data compression system, called combined symbol matching (CSM), is presented. The system operates in two modes: facsimile and symbol recognition. In the facsimile mode, a symbol blocking operator isolates document symbols such as alphanumeric characters and other recurring binary patterns. The first symbol encountered is placed in a library, and as each new symbol is detected, it is compared with each entry of the library. If the comparison is within a tolerance, the library identification code is transmitted along with the symbol location coordinates. Otherwise, the new symbol is placed in the library and its binary pattern is transmitted. Nonisolated symbols are left behind as a residue, and are coded by a two-dimensional run-length coding method. In the symbol recognition mode, the library is prerecorded and each entry is labeled with its ASCII code. As each character is recognized, only the ASCII code in transmitted. Computer simulation results are presented for the CCITT standard documents. With text-predominate documents, the compression ratio obtained with the CSM algorithm in the facsimile mode exceeds that obtained with the best run-length coding techniques by a factor of two or more and is comparable for graphics-predominate documents. In the symbol recognition mode, compression ratios of 250:1 have been achieved on business letter documents.
Learning Disentangled Representations for CounterFactual Regression (2020)

We consider the challenge of estimating treatment effects from observational data; and point out that, in general, only some factors based on the observed covariates X contribute to selection of the treatment T, and only some to determining the outcomes Y. We model this by considering three underlying sources of {X, T, Y} and show that explicitly modeling these sources offers great insight to guide designing models that better handle selection bias. This paper is an attempt to conceptualize this line of thought and provide a path to explore it further. In this work, we propose an algorithm to (1) identify disentangled representations of the above-mentioned underlying factors from any given observational dataset D and (2) leverage this knowledge to reduce, as well as account for, the negative impact of selection bias on estimating the treatment effects from D. Our empirical results show that the proposed method (i) achieves state-of-the-art performance in both individual and population based evaluation measures and (ii) is highly robust under various data generating scenarios.
Assessment of the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier in hypertensive rats. (1987)

We assessed the permeability surface area products at the blood-retinal barrier and blood-brain barrier to sucrose (molecular weight, 340) and microperoxidase (molecular weight, 2000) following acute hypertension induced by metaraminol in Wistar-Kyoto rats (controls) and during chronic hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In acute hypertension, the permeability surface area product for sucrose was increased at the blood-retinal barrier and at the blood-brain barrier over control values (p less than 0.02), and the vessels became leaky to microperoxidase. In chronic hypertension, the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to sucrose was increased over that in control animals (p less than 0.02), whereas the permeability of the blood-brain barrier was unaffected. Neither barrier leaked microperoxidase. These results indicate that the blood-brain barrier and the blood-retinal barrier are similarly affected in acute hypertension and that in chronic hypertension, the blood-brain barrier is unaffected whereas the blood-retinal barrier is rendered more permeable to small, but not large, solutes.
Differences between Deterioration of the Lipids in Roasted and Unroasted Seasoned-Dried Filefish Products during Storage. (1995)

Hydrolysis and oxidation of the lipids were compared between roasted and unroasted seasoned-dried products of filefish Novodon modestus during storage. These roasted and unroasted samples were stored at 20, 0, -20, and -30 for 150 days, and at appropriate intervals, analyzed for L, a, and b values, oxygen absorption, lipid class composition, acid value, absorbance of diluted total lipids (TL) at 440nm and fatty acid composition of TL. With the unroasted products stored at temperatures higher than -20, the ratios of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to total saturated fatty acids of TL gradually decreased, and acid values, PV and percentages of free fatty acids of TL increased to some extent. This indicates the occurrence of hydrolysis and oxidation of TL during storage. The roasting process caused slight decreases in percentages of PUFA of TL in seasoned-dried products and tinged the products brown. The roasted samples showed no serious deterioration of lipids during storage for 150 days regardless of the storage temperature up to 20. From these results, it has been suggested that the stabilization of the lipids against hydrolysis and oxidation in roasted seasoned-dried products were mainly due to heat inactivation of endogenous lypolytic enzymes and the formation of brown pigments by Maillard reaction during the roasting process.
Managing multiple representations of georeferenced elements (2002)

The paper presents a framework for the management of multiple representations of georeferenced elements in a GIS environment. This solution is presented from a database perspective, and is based on extending the DBV version approach with view facilities. Given this environment, users can build consistent views of their modelled world, creating and combining different representation frameworks. The environment dissociates the logical dimension from the physical dimension, liberating users from concerns about implementation details.
Incidence of hematologic malignancies in Europe by morphologic subtype: results of the HAEMACARE project (2010)

Changing definitions and classifications of hematologic malignancies (HMs) complicate incidence comparisons. HAEMACARE classified HMs into groupings consistent with the latest World Health Organization classification and useful for epidemiologic and public health purposes. We present crude, age-specific and age-standardized incidence rates for European HMs according to these groupings, estimated from 66,371 lymphoid malignancies (LMs) and 21,796 myeloid malignancies (MMs) registered in 2000-2002 by 44 European cancer registries, grouped into 5 regions. Age-standardized incidence rates were 24.5 (per 100,000) for LMs and 7.55 for MMs. The commonest LMs were plasma cell neoplasms (4.62), small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphatic leukemia (3.79), diffuse B-cell lymphoma (3.13), and Hodgkin lymphoma (2.41). The commonest MMs were acute myeloid leukemia (2.96), other myeloproliferative neoplasms (1.76), and myelodysplastic syndrome (1.24). Unknown morphology LMs were commonest in Northern Europe (7.53); unknown morphology MMs were commonest in Southern Europe (0.73). Overall incidence was lowest in Eastern Europe and lower in women than in men. For most LMs, incidence was highest in Southern Europe; for MMs incidence was highest in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Differences in diagnostic and registration criteria are an important cause of incidence variation; however, different distribution of HM risk factors also contributes. The quality of population-based HM data needs further improvement.
Electrophoretic Separation on Agarose Thin Film of Isoenzymes of Alkaline Phosphatase from Human Serum and Tissue (1971)

Abstract An electrophoretic method is presented for separating alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes on agarose gel by using barbital buffer. α-Naphthyl AS-MX phosphate was converted to the highly fluorescent α-naphthol AS-MX, to detect the zones of enzymic activity on the thin film. The fluorescent zones on the electropherograms were scanned with a recording fluorometer and the electrophoretic mobilities of the enzymes were compared with those of the plasma proteins. This method was used to assess the isoenzyme patterns in human sera and tissues (liver, bone, kidney, spleen, and placenta).
Quantitative structure–activity relationships of monoterpenoid binding activities to the housefly GABA receptor (2012)

From the QSAR models, some chemical and structural parameters, including the electronic properties, hydrophobicity and stability of monoterpenoid molecules, were suggested to be strongly involved in binding activities to the housefly GABA receptor. These findings will help to understand the mode of action of these natural insecticides, and provide guidance to predict more monoterpenoid insecticides.
RF and Microwave Modeling and Measurement Techniques for Field Effect Transistors (2010)

This book is an introduction to microwave and RF signal modeling and measurement techniques for field effect transistors. It assumes only a basic course in electronic circuits and prerequisite knowledge for readers to apply the techniques and improve the performance of integrated circuits, reduce design cycles and increase their chance at first time success. The first chapters offer a general overview and discussion of microwave signal and noise matrices, and microwave measurement techniques. The following chapters address modeling techniques for field effect transistors and cover models such as: small signal, large signal, noise, and the artificial neural network based.
A Real-Time Video Mapping and Manipulation System (1991)

A system has been developed that offers real-time input video mapping to internally create 3-D objects of revolution. These objects may be purely curvilinear or possess multiple individually crafted local deformations. Full-motion video may then be mapped to the object in real time (real time is defined as video rate, 30 frames/sec). This article describes the system and the technology that makes it possible.