gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Acylation Using a Second-Generation <i>P</i>-Aryl-2-phosphabicyclo[3.3.0]octane Catalyst (2004)

The synthesis of P-aryl-2-phosphabicylco[3.3.0]octane x HBF4 salts 3a and 3c is described. Incorporation of the P-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl group in 3c allows use of a less expensive aryl bromide starting material. Deprotonation of the air-stable salts in situ with triethylamine releases the corresponding phosphines 1a and 1c for use in the kinetic resolution of representative secondary alcohols. The method is convenient for small-scale experiments and affords enantioselectivities s close to the values obtained using the free phosphines 1a and 1b in cases where s is ca. 40 or lower.
Hand-based interaction in augmented reality (2003)

Interaction with virtual objects in an augmented environment enhances the user's interpretation of their presence. An augmented reality (AR) system that uses computer vision for registration can use the same technology for simple gesture recognition. This paper describes hand detection and simple gesture recognition techniques useful in pattern-based AR systems. Pattern-based registration is briefly discussed followed by the details of hand extraction and analysis. The paper concludes with an application of these techniques using windows-based programming.
Design of a Swinging Arm Actuator for a Disk File (1976)

An integral disk enclosure that incorporates a novel head-positioning actuator concept is used in the IBM System/32 and in recently announced terminal controllers, such as the Retail Store Controller and the Communication Controller. Based on a swinging arm rather than the conventional linear carriage, the actuator presented the designers with opportunities to create a simplified mechanism and to gain advantages in reliability and cost. This paper describes the geometrical, structural, and electromechanical basis of the design.
FEL (Free Electron Laser) Optics Coating Test Program (Design Phase of Sample Introduction Chamber) (1986)

Abstract : The performance of the free electron laser for the directed energy weapons application depends critically on only three technologies: the high brightness accelerator, the FEL amplifier, and the cavity optics. Our goal in this program is to examine the performance of the optical elements under the combined loading of the fundamental and the harmonic emissions of the FEL amplifier. The performance of both the RF linac based FEL and the induction linac based FEL may be subject to significant limitations due to UV-induced absorption in the early optical elements following the FEL amplifier. These limitations are expected to appear suddenly at a certain fluence level, with little warning. Our central objective in this program is to measure the rate of the UV induced absorption, and to identify the scaling parameters so that we can predict with some confidence the performance limitations of the optics. When these limits are reached in the experimental programs, a knowledge of the scaling relations and possible countermeasures will be invaluable in planning an appropriate response to the problem.
Enalapril: a well-tolerated and efficacious agent for the paediatric hypertensive patient. (1986)

Enalapril, either alone or with a diuretic, was administered to 14 children with various renal diseases and hypertension. Five were transplant recipients on immunosuppressive agents. No adverse clinical or laboratory experiences were encountered. Renal function improved in seven children. Normal blood pressure for age was achieved in all 14 children. However, eight children required the addition of a diuretic. In four children blood pressure remained normal despite a reduction in the dose of enalapril. Enalapril was efficacious as a once per day agent. Concomitant ingestion of food did not attenuate the blood pressure-lowering effect of enalapril.
NMR Pulse Schemes for the Sequence-Specific Assignment of Arginine Guanidino 15N and 1H Chemical Shifts in Proteins (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR Pulse Schemes for the Sequence-Specific Assignment of Arginine Guanidino 15N and 1H Chemical Shifts in ProteinsToshio Yamazaki, Steven M. Pascal, Alex U. Singer, Julie D. Forman-Kay, and Lewis E. KayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12, 3556–3564Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00117a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00117a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views493Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Performance of optical flow techniques (2003)

The performance of six optical flow techniques is compared, emphasizing measurement accuracy. The most accurate methods are found to be the local differential approaches, where nu is computed explicitly in terms of a locally constant or linear model. Techniques using global smoothness constraints appear to produce visually attractive flow fields, but in general seem to be accurate enough for qualitative use only and insufficient as precursors to the computations of egomotion and 3D structures. It is found that some form of confidence measure/threshold is crucial for all techniques in order to separate the inaccurate from the accurate. Drawbacks of the six techniques are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Utilising Mobile Phone Billing Records for TravelMode Discovery (2011)

A novel methodology to infer transportation mode taken by mobile device users between regions of interest is introduced. It relies on analysing anonymised billing data, namely call detail records, supplied by mobile network operators as the primary source of user-created data. Coupled with the spatial coverage and distribution of mobile network cells and geographical route map information of major transportation modes, assumed to be partially non-overlapping, user travel paths can be predicted. Journey specific trajectories are constructed and analysed using the concept of virtual cell path for each qualified pre-processed list of activities from each unique user. After classification, kernel density paths for each route were generated both for illustration and validation purposes. Dierentiation between rail and road users travelling between Dublin and Cork in the Republic of Ireland is shown as an example application case study
Sustained Release Control via Photo-Cross-Linking of Polyelectrolyte Layer-by-Layer Hollow Capsules (2005)

We describe the formation and permeability of polyelectrolyte multilayer hollow-shell capsules by photo-cross-linking and controlled-release (fluorescence) studies. The hollow shells were prepared by alternate layer-by-layer (LbL) adsorption of photo-cross-linkable benzophenone modified poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) on polystyrene particles, followed by removing the core with tetrahydrofuran. Zeta potential measurements, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to verify the LbL process integrity. A model drug, rhodamine B (RB), was successfully loaded into the polyelectrolyte hollow capsules. The release kinetics of RB was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy. The permeability of RB through the hollow shells was effectively controlled based on UV irradiation time. It was shown that the release of RB molecules can be controlled by the degree of cross-linking induced in the multilayer.
Great Improvement in Turn-On Power Dissipation of IGBTs with an Extra Gate Charging Function (2005)

This paper presents a new gate drive circuit using an extra RC-network to realize low turn-on dissipation of IGBTs. The extra capacitance in the gate circuit assists in charging Miller capacitance, therefore the collector voltage tail region during the turn-on period can be reduced drastically without the turn-on dI/sub c//dt increasing. The proposed gate drive method has been achieved 40% reduction in the turn-on switching power dissipation of 1200V-150A IGBT compared with the conventional gate driving.
Reduced Order Model for Motion Forecasts of One or More Vessels (2015)

The reduced order model at the heart of the APS Environmental and Ship Motion Forecasting system must retain the accuracy of a higher fidelity seakeeping code while simultaneously meeting computational speed required to provide motion forecasts minutes into the future for two or more ships operating in close proximity. We describe the mathematical formulation of the reduced order model and efficient modeling techniques to construct databases of wave force Response Amplitude Operators and Impulse Response Functions before presenting comparisons between the reduced order model, a higher fidelity seakeeping code called AEGIR, and experimental data for the R/V Melville and two multi-ship configurations.
[<sup>3</sup>H]‐SCH 58261 labelling of functional A<sub>2A</sub> adenosine receptors in human neutrophil membranes (1998)

1. The present study describes the direct labelling of A2A adenosine receptors in human neutrophil membranes with the potent and selective antagonist radioligand, [3H]-5-amino-7-(2-phenylethyl)-2-(2-furyl)-pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4 triazolo[l,5-c]pyrimidine, ([3H]-SCH 58261). In addition, both receptor affinity and potency of a number of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists were determined in binding, adenylyl cyclase and superoxide anion production assays. 2. Saturation experiments revealed a single class of binding sites with Kd and Bmax values of 1.34 nM and 75 fmol mg(-1) protein, respectively. Adenosine receptor ligands competed for the binding of 1 nM [3H]-SCH 58261 to human neutrophil membranes, with a rank order of potency consistent with that typically found for interactions with the A2A adenosine receptors. In the adenylyl cyclase and in the superoxide anion production assays the same compounds exhibited a rank order of potency identical to that observed in binding experiments. 3. Thermodynamic data indicated that [3H]-SCH 58261 binding to human neutrophils is entropy and enthalpy-driven. This finding is in agreement with the thermodynamic behaviour of antagonists binding to rat striatal A2A adenosine receptors. 4. It was concluded that in human neutrophil membranes, [3H]-SCH 58261 directly labels binding sites with pharmacological properties similar to those of A2A adenosine receptors of other tissues. The receptors labelled by [3H]-SCH 58261 mediated the effects of adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists to stimulate cyclic AMP accumulation and inhibition of superoxide anion production in human neutrophils.
Preparation of Zn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Cd<sub>1-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>S Nanocomposites in Polymer Matrices and Their Photophysical Properties (1998)

ZnS and ZnxCd1-xS nanocomposites were prepared in poly(methyl methacrylate) matrixes. By control of the amount of monomers in copolymerization, different Zn/Cd ratio samples were obtained. The solutions and films of these samples were characterized by absorption, fluorescence, and time-resolved spectroscopy. Continuous variation of the luminescence wavelength was observed by adjusting the molar ratio of Zn/Cd. The photophysical properties of these samples are discussed.
The heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana of sorghum transcription factor SbbHLH1 downregulates lignin synthesis (2013)

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes are important regulators of development in plants. SbbHLH1, a Sorghum bicolor bHLH sequence, was isolated from a suppression subtractive hybridization library constructed using 13 independent brown midrib (bmr) mutants as the tester and wild-type sorghum as the driver. The gene was upregulated in at least five of the mutants at the five- to seven-leaf stage. Using a yeast expression system, the N-terminal portion of SbbHLH1 was shown to be required for proper transactivation. Its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana markedly reduced the plant's lignin content. It downregulated the lignin synthesis genes 4CL1, HCT, COMT, PAL1, and CCR1, and upregulated the transcription factors MYB83, MYB46, and MYB63. The hypothesis is proposed that SbbHLH1 has stronger effect on the regulation of lignin synthesis than the various MYB transcription factors, with a possible feedback mechanism acting on the MYB transcriptional regulators.
Tetanic responses of electrically stimulated paralyzed muscle at varying interpulse intervals (1989)

The influence of stimulus interpulse interval (IPI) on torque output during electrically-evoked contractions was investigated for the knee extensor muscles of paralyzed subjects. The parameters measured were the rise time, magnitude, and relaxation time of the contraction at stimulus IPI's ranging from 62 to 7 ms. Torque output increased as IPI's were decreased from 62 to 15 ms. Peak torques were recorded at IPI's of 12-15 ms; IPI's less than these resulted in an insignificant loss of torque. Rise times decreased as IPI's were decreased. Relaxation time generally increased as IPI's were decreased with the longest relaxation times occurring with stimulation at an IPI of 12 ms. To demonstrate the influence of IPI on muscle fatigue, the effect of prolonged stimulation at short (12 ms) and long (50 ms) IPI's was also compared. After 30 s of stimulation with an IPI of 12 ms, mean torque had declined to 5 +/- 3 percent and after 30 s of stimulation with an IPI of 50 ms, mean torque had declined to 82 +/- 4 percent of the initial value. Knowledge of how stimulus IPI influences the response of paralyzed muscle to electrical stimulation may assist in the development of rehabilitation devices which utilize these technologies.
The Strength and Compaction of Millispheres: The design of a controlled-release drug delivery system for ibuprofen in the form of a tablet comprising compacted polymer-coated millispheres (1994)

This paper reviews a case study of the design of a controlled-release drug delivery system for ibuprofen in the form of a tablet comprising compacted polymer-coated millispheres (multiparticulate pellets). The particular challenge was to prepare coated millispheres of ibuprofen (a high-dose drug) with the addition of minimal excipients so that the drug-release retarding polymeric membrane surrounding the millispheres remains intact during and after tablet compression, disintegration and release of the millispheres. The study included (a) the design of the uncoated core and its manufacture by wet massing, extrusion, spheronization and drying; (b) the coating of these millispheres with a range of possibly suitable polymers; (c) an assessment of the drug release profiles from these pellets; (d) the quantification by indentation rheology of the mechanical properties of the polymer films used to coat the spheres; (e) the measurement of the mechanical properties of individual uncoated and coated millispheres and f. the design, manufacture and evaluation of compressed tablets containing coated millispheresThe matching of millisphere and polymer mechanical properties was found to be essential in order to ensure minimal damage to the millispheres and the release of virtually intact coated spheres without destruction of their retarded drug-release characteristics. Aqueous polymeric dispersions which formed a film with similar elastic and tensile properties to the uncoated millisphere formulation resulted in the most satisfactory film coating for application to spherical particles which must withstand compaction. Those polymeric films exhibiting significantly greater resilience than the uncoated cores were inappropriate for the film coating of millispheres for compaction into tablets
Modern management of childhood diabetes: A role for computerized devices? (1998)

Technology is increasingly relevant in everyday life and it can be very interesting to apply it also in the field of diabetes as it can be one way of ensuring better care. In the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, the intensively treated patients were seen fortnightly in hospital and contacted even more frequently by telephone during the day as well as at night. For these reasons, health reforms are undergoing a radical change in an attempt to reduce the spiraling costs of health care provision. Therefore, it can be useful to use information technology (IT) in diabetes care. The European Federation for Medical Informatics recently established some Special Issues to advance IT initiatives that may be able to address the problem of adjusting the insulin dose and controlling blood glucose (BG) levels, as well as assisting in the provision of modern-day diabetes care. The Special Issues can be classified under the following headings: databases, algorithms, decision support, models and education. It can be useful to develop a prototype computer system that can be applied to different areas of clinical diabetes care; computerized out-patients' clinical databases that store patients' clinical and biochemical data; statistical and graphical analysis programs that help the clinician; dietary analysis programs which examine food composition and dietary exchanges and help devise meal plans; hand-held insulin dosage adjustment computers that advise patients on a day-by-day or even meal-by-meal basis; expert systems and question and answer programs for patients' education, and finally games for children. These systems have the potential to be useful tools in many aspects of diabetes care but their utilization by the vast majority of the health care community has been extremely limited. Nonetheless, computers cannot substitute for the pediatric diabetes team, which remains the major determinant for better care of diabetes in children and adolescents.
Curing depth of four composite veneering materials polymerized with different laboratory photo‐curing units (1998)

Post-curing properties of composite materials are influenced by the type of base monomer, activation system, filler content, and also by the type of light source employed. This study examined curing depth of four composite veneering materials polymerized by means of two different high-intensity photo-curing units for the purpose of evaluating the curing performance of the combinations of composite material and photo-curing unit. Two microfilled and two hybrid composite materials designed for prosthetic veneer were assessed. The composite materials were cured using two photo-curing units, one with a xenon light source and one with two metal halide light sources, and exposure periods varied from 20 to 90 s. Curing depth of the materials was determined with a scraping technique described by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 4049). Three-factor analysis of variance revealed that the depth of cure was influenced by the type of composite material as well as by the photo-curing unit, and also by the exposure period (P = 0.0001). A microfilled composite material (Dentacolor) demonstrated the greatest depth of cure (4.69 mm) after 90 s irradiation with a metal halide unit (Hyper LII). Of the two photo-curing units, the metal halide curing unit consistently exhibited greater depth of cure than the xenon curing unit (Dentacolor XS). Longer exposure increased the depth of cure for all combinations.
A 3 V GSM codec (1995)

Designed to satisfy the data conversion requirements of the Pan-European (GSM) cellular radio system, the chip is part of a four chip-set total GSM solution comprising the codec, the DSP, the digital ASIC, and the micro-controller. Fabricated in a 0.8 /spl mu/m double-poly, double-metal CMOS process, the integrated circuit combines a voiceband codec with a baseband codec plus auxiliary converters in an 80-pin TQFP package while running off a single 3 V power supply.
Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (1988)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the major problem in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. GVHD has limited the use of this technique to HLA-matched donor recipient pairs. Thus, only a quarter of patients who ultimately may have benefited from bone marrow transplantation are currently eligible. Even in matched patient recipient pairs, GVHD accounts for approximately 40% of the deaths following allogeneic bone marrow transplants. One of the major challenges for transplantation is to derive better strategies to prevent and treat GVHD while retaining the allogeneic benefit of graft-versus-leukemia. Current pharmacologic approaches have used cyclosporine, usually in combination with other drugs. More experimental approaches have removed lymphocytes from the marrow grafts. With either approach, maintaining the anti-leukemic benefit of an allogeneic transplant (i.e., immunologic attack of the leukemia resulting in a lower relapse rate), will need to be maintained if that approach will ultimately prove to be useful.
Polarized apical distribution of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in a renal epithelial cell line. (1988)

Polarized epithelial cell monolayers contain two distinct plasma membrane domains as delineated by the presence of tight junctions--i.e., an apical surface that faces the external environment and a basolateral surface that functions both in cell-cell contact and cell-substrate attachment. Central to the understanding of epithelial cell polarity is the question of how such cell-surface specializations are generated. A different class of membrane glycoproteins has recently emerged that may yield new insight into the mechanism underlying the biogenesis of this polarity. Members of this class contain a large extracellular protein domain linked to the membrane via glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol. Using a polarized renal epithelial cell line (Madin-Darby canine kidney), we identified endogenous glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins through release by a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. Six glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins of 110, 85, 70, 55, 38, and 35 kDa were identified and appeared to be restricted to the apical surface. Our data are consistent with the notion that the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor may contain the necessary information for "targeting" to the apical surface.