gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Selected Insecticides for Soybean Looper Control, 1991 (1992)

Abstract A small plot insecticide trial was conducted at the Northeast Research Station, St. Joseph, LA, to evaluate the efficacy of selected insecticides and rates for soybean looper control. Plots measuring 19.8 m × 4 rows (1.02 m row spacing) were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Insecticides were applied with a tractor and COapressurized sprayer calibrated to deliver 93.5 liters/ha at 3.36 kg/cm2 through 80015 flat fan nozzles. Treatments were applied 28 Aug to 'Deltapine 105' soybeans in the R5 growth stage. Two sets of 25 sweep samples (38.2 cm diam sweep net) per plot were taken at 2 and 6 DAT.
Low-distortion hybrid optical shuffle concept (1999)

A hybrid micro-macro-optical shuffle interconnection approach is described. The new concept minimizes distortion in multichip smart-pixel shuffle interconnection systems that use macro-optics to link dense arrays of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources and matching arrays of detectors. The typical narrow-beam cones of VCSEL's are exploited by use of beam-deflecting micro-optics to create an optical system that is symmetric about its aperture. Since symmetric systems are well known to cancel distortion, this novel concept provides the means to achieve the required high degree of interchip registration accuracy.
Phase behavior of the carbon dioxide-styrene system (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase behavior of the carbon dioxide-styrene systemGalen J. Suppes and Mark A. McHughCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1989, 34, 3, 310–312Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00057a015https://doi.org/10.1021/je00057a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dendritic Cells Loaded with Stressed Tumor Cells Elicit Long-Lasting Protective Tumor Immunity in Mice Depleted of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells (2005)

Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination represents a promising approach to harness the specificity and potency of the immune system to combat cancer. Finding optimal strategies for tumor Ag preparation and subsequent pulsing of DC, as well as improving the immunogenicity of weak tumor Ags remain among the first challenges of this approach. In this report, we use a prophylactic vaccine consisting of DC loaded with whole, nonmanipulated B16-F10 melanoma cells that had been stressed by heat shock and gamma irradiation. Stressed B16-F10 cells underwent apoptosis and were internalized by bone marrow-derived DC during coculture. Surprisingly, coculture of DC with stressed B16-F10 undergoing apoptosis and necrosis did not induce DC maturation. However, a marked retardation in tumor growth was observed in C57BL/6 mice immunized using DC loaded with stressed B16-F10 cells and subsequently challenged with B16-F10 cells. Growth retardation was further increased by treating DC with LPS before in vivo administration. In vivo depletion studies revealed that both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells played a critical role in retarding tumor growth. In addition, treatment with anti-CD25 Ab to deplete CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells before DC vaccination considerably improved the effect of the vaccine and allowed the development of long-lived immune responses that were tumor protective. Our results demonstrate that depletion of regulatory T cells is an effective approach to improving the success of DC-based vaccination against weakly immunogenic tumors. Such a strategy can be readily applied to other tumor models and extended to therapeutic vaccination settings.
L'ylang-ylang [Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson] : une plante à huile essentielle méconnue dans une filière en danger (2010)

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson est un arbre tropical de la famille des Annonaceae, originaire d'Indonésie. Seule la forme genuina peut porter le nom d'ylang-ylang proprement dit. Actuellement, il est principalement cultivé dans les iles de l'Océan indien afin d'en extraire l'huile essentielle d'ylang-ylang, destinée à l'industrie cosmétique. L'ylang-ylang se développe sur de nombreux types de sols, sous des températures élevées et des précipitations moyennes de 1 500 mm par an. En conditions culturales, l'écimage, la taille, l'égourmandage et le désherbage des parcelles doivent être réalisés afin d'assurer un bon rendement en fleurs et faciliter la cueillette. La cueillette des fleurs a lieu toute l'année mais les rendements, en fleurs et en huile essentielle, sont plus élevés durant la saison sèche. Ces fleurs, fraiches et matures, subissent alors une distillation fractionnée afin d'obtenir l'huile essentielle. Les revenus qu'elle génère sont indispensables à l'économie de l'Union des Comores, Madagascar et Mayotte, ses trois principaux producteurs. Toutefois, malgré sa grande importance économique, il s'agit d'une plante peu connue. Ce manque d'informations représente des obstacles à la résolution des problèmes de la filière, ces obstacles la mettent en danger. De plus, cette plante ne fait l'objet d'aucun programme d'amélioration, alors qu'elle génère un produit de très haute valeur ajoutée, sans doute du fait que sa biologie de la reproduction est peu connue. Une étude approfondie de la plante et de son huile essentielle permettrait d'obtenir les informations qui font défaut afin d'aider la filière à solutionner ses problèmes, à se maintenir voire à se développer.
Fluorescence Characterization of Clinically-Important Bacteria (2013)

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI/HAI) represent a substantial threat to patient health during hospitalization and incur billions of dollars additional cost for subsequent treatment. One promising method for the detection of bacterial contamination in a clinical setting before an HAI outbreak occurs is to exploit native fluorescence of cellular molecules for a hand-held, rapid-sweep surveillance instrument. Previous studies have shown fluorescence-based detection to be sensitive and effective for food-borne and environmental microorganisms, and even to be able to distinguish between cell types, but this powerful technique has not yet been deployed on the macroscale for the primary surveillance of contamination in healthcare facilities to prevent HAI. Here we report experimental data for the specification and design of such a fluorescence-based detection instrument. We have characterized the complete fluorescence response of eleven clinically-relevant bacteria by generating excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) over broad wavelength ranges. Furthermore, a number of surfaces and items of equipment commonly present on a ward, and potentially responsible for pathogen transfer, have been analyzed for potential issues of background fluorescence masking the signal from contaminant bacteria. These include bedside handrails, nurse call button, blood pressure cuff and ward computer keyboard, as well as disinfectant cleaning products and microfiber cloth. All examined bacterial strains exhibited a distinctive double-peak fluorescence feature associated with tryptophan with no other cellular fluorophore detected. Thus, this fluorescence survey found that an emission peak of 340nm, from an excitation source at 280nm, was the cellular fluorescence signal to target for detection of bacterial contamination. The majority of materials analysed offer a spectral window through which bacterial contamination could indeed be detected. A few instances were found of potential problems of background fluorescence masking that of bacteria, but in the case of the microfiber cleaning cloth, imaging techniques could morphologically distinguish between stray strands and bacterial contamination.
Physiologic, subjective, and behavioral effects of amphetamine, methamphetamine, ephedrine, phenmetrazine, and methylphenidate in man (1971)

Five centrally acting sympathomimetic amines, d‐amphetamine, d‐methamphetamine, ephedrine, phenmetrazine, and methylphenidate, were studied in man. All of these agents increased blood pressure and respiratory rate, produced similar types of subiective changes, and increased the excretion of epinephrine. With regard to these parameters, there was a high concordance between estimates of their relative potencies. The concordance between the potency estimates for the different parameters suggests, but does not prove, that these five agents share a common mode of central action. Further, if the peripheral modes of action as elucidated by animal studies are true for man, this study suggests that it is unlikely that their central actions in man are a consequence of the release of norepinephrine in the brain.
Dielectric breakdown and current conduction of oxide/nitride/oxide multi-layer structures (1990)

Experimental results prove that the dielectric breakdown and the current conduction of the oxide/nitride/oxide (ONO) structures indicate symmetric characteristics related to the gate bias polarity. This is due to the thick bottom and top oxides. The conduction current in the ONO structures is remarkably reduced as the bottom or top oxide thickness becomes thicker than 3 nm. The time-dependent dielectric breakdown increases with increasing bottom-oxide thickness under negative gate bias and with increasing top-oxide thickness under positive gate bias. These two phenomena are due to the change of the oxide barrier for a hole. 3 nm is the transition thickness for the current conduction and breakdown mechanisms. The dielectric breakdown and the current conduction of the ONO structures show symmetric characteristics related to the gate bias polarity due to the bottom and top oxides
Laser-based photo-oxidative degradation of methyl<i>tertiary</i>-butyl ether (MTBE) using zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst (2011)

Laser-induced photo-catalytic process for the removal of MTBE from water has been investigated in this study. We have studied the laser-based photo-oxidation of MTBE using ZnO semiconductor catalysts at 355 nm laser radiation generated by third harmonic of Nd: YAG laser. The effect of laser irradiation time, laser energy power, catalyst amount and pH parameters were investigated for the efficient removal of MTBE from water using ZnO catalyst. It was found that at pH value of 8, 300 mg of ZnO catalyst, 60 minutes laser irradiation time and 200 mJ of laser energy, delivered best results with maximum degradation of MTBE in water.
Low-Voltage and High-Responsivity Germanium Bipolar Phototransistor for Optical Detections in the Near-Infrared Regime (2008)

Germanium (Ge) bipolar phototransistors with high-responsivity performance are demonstrated using a low-temperature selective Ge epitaxy process. Large photocurrent and optical response enhancement are achieved over a conventional p-i-n Ge photodetector, which is predominantly attributed to the current gain induced by transistor actions. When illuminated with a photon wavelength of 1.55 mum , a Ge phototransistor shows a large responsivity of ~ 2.0 A/W for a low operating bias <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VA</i> of 1.0 V. Optical measurement results further show that good photoresponse could be achieved for a spectral range of 1.31-1.62 mum, making such a device a very promising option for optical detections in the near-infrared (including <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> -band) wavelength regime.
Characterization of a simple thin-film superconducting switch (1994)

A simple thermally-controlled superconducting switch was developed for switching low-level low-frequency signals. The device was fabricated and tested using different materials for superconductor, control line, and insulating layer. Refractory materials yielded the best combination of performance and ruggedness. Switching speeds of 1 MHz and control currents of 0.3 mA were achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in tobacco: structure, phylogeny, and expression patterns (2015)

Provide an evolutionary and an empirical molecular genetic foundation of the Sus gene family in tobacco and will be beneficial for further investigations of Sus gene functions Sucrose synthase (Sus) has been well characterized as the key enzyme participating in sucrose metabolism, and the gene family encoding different Sus isozymes has been cloned and characterized in several plant species. However, scant information about this gene family is available to date in tobacco. Here, we identified 14, 6, and 7 Sus genes in the genomes of Nicotiana tabacum, N. sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis, respectively. These tobacco Sus family members shared high levels of similarity in their nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct evolutionary paths for the tobacco Sus genes. Sus1-4, Sus5, and Sus6-7 originated from three Sus precursors, respectively, which were generated by duplication before the split of monocots and eudicots. There were two additional duplications, before and after the differentiation of the Solanaceae, which separately gave rise to Sus3/4 and Sus1/2. Gene exon/intron structure analysis showed that the tobacco Sus genes contain varying numbers of conserved introns, resulting from intron loss under different selection pressures during the course of evolution. The expression patterns of the NtSus genes differed from each other in various tobacco tissues. Transcripts of Ntab0259170 and Ntab0259180 were detected in leaves at all tested developmental stages, suggesting that these two genes play a predominant role in sucrose metabolism during leaf development. Expression of Ntab0288750 and Ntab0234340 were conspicuously induced by low temperature and virus treatment, indicating that these two isozymes are important in meeting the increased glycolytic demand that occurs during abiotic stress. Our results provide an evolutionary and an empirical molecular genetic foundation of the Sus gene family in tobacco, and will be beneficial for further investigations of Sus gene functions in the processes of tobacco leaf development and tobacco resistance to environmental stresses.
Epidermal growth factor receptor and transforming growth factor alpha expression in papillary and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: correlation with metastatic behavior and prognosis. (1995)

Papillary renal carcinomas are a cytogenetically unique subset of renal carcinomas that have been reported to be clinically less aggressive. We have examined 19 papillary tumors for immunohistochemical expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and its ligand, transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). EGF-R and TGF-alpha expression was also studied in 149 nonpapillary tumors and 7 mixed papillary/solid tumors. EGF-R and TGF-alpha expression were compared to histology, stage, metastatic behavior, and survival. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded nephrectomy specimens collected between 1977 and 1986 were stained with antibodies to EGF-R and TGF-alpha. Patients with papillary tumors were found to present with earlier stage disease and had significantly longer survival. Papillary tumors had a significantly lower rate of EGF-R positivity than solid pattern tumors (21% versus 73%, P < 0.001). Intermediate or strong cell membrane immunoreactivity for EGF-R was associated with high tumor grade and poor disease-specific survival. EGF-R positivity in the primary tumor was associated with the presence of metastatic disease and with metastatic spread to lung versus bone. Tumor parenchymal TGF-alpha staining was present in 50% of the cases and was not associated with stage or grade. Unrelated to tumor parenchymal TGF staining, tumor vessels stained for TGF-alpha in 56% of the cases. Vessel TGF-alpha staining was absent in papillary tumors (P < 0.001). The improved clinical behavior of papillary tumors as compared to nonpapillary renal tumors may be related, in part, to their relatively lower levels of EGF-R expression.
Synthesis and comparative lectin-binding affinity of mannosyl-coated β-cyclodextrin-dendrimer constructs (2000)

Targeted drug delivery systems have been built from β-cyclodextrin by monoconjugation with mannosyl-coated dendritic branches following an iterative thiourea-forming convergent strategy; the multivalent adducts showed high Concanavalin A lectin binding ability and intact inclusion capabilities.
Inhibition of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> by 5-Nitrothiazoles (1977)

A number of 5-nitrothiazoles with various substituents in the 2-position were tested for inhibition of Clostridium botulinum in a culture medium. Thiazole itself or 2-bromo- or 2-methylthiazole at 30 mug/ml did not inhibit the organism. An amino group in the 2-position of thiazole inhibited at 10 mug/ml. Substitution of a nitro group in the 5-position of 2-aminothiazole increased the inhibitory level to 0.12 mug/ml; acetyl-, propionyl-, or butyroyl-2-amino-5-nitrothiazole inhibited at 0.04 mug/ml. Benzoyl-2-amino-5-nitrothiazole inhibited at 0.16 mug/ml; this increased to 0.01 mug/ml when the benzoyl group carried a nitro group in the m- or p-position; a nitro group in the o-position, on the other hand, inhibited at 0.04 mug/ml. Unsaturated aliphatic acyls decreased inhibition. The greatest activity was exhibited by 2-nonanoyl- and 2-lauroylamides, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.005 and 0.0025 mug/ml, respectively.
Hybrid Microcircuitry for 300°C Operation (1977)

Microelectronic instrumentation for geothermal well logging must operate in ambient temperatures up to 300°C for several hundred hours. This study involved an extensive survey of 25 to 300°C operation of resistors, capacitors, conductors, interconnections, and active devices. Three major selection criteria were: 1) part lifetime of at least 1000 h at 300°C; 2) minimum change in electrical parameters from 25 to 300°C; 3) availability to the common circuit builder (no one of a kind). Certain thick film resistors, capacitors, and conductors were found compatible with such high-temperature operation. In addition, reconstituted mica and aluminum solid electrolytic capacitors were found useful up to 300°C. Simple circuits for a geothermal temperature logging tool have been fabricated using these hybrid materials, components, and Si MOS and JFET devices. Oven tests show satisfactory stability from 25 to 300°C and at least 100-h circuit operation at 300°C.
The active-site-serine penicillin-recognizing enzymes as members of the <i>Streptomyces</i> R61 <scp>dd</scp>-peptidase family (1988)

Homology searches and amino acid alignments, using the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase/penicillin-binding protein as reference, have been applied to the beta-lactamases of classes A and C, the Oxa-2 beta-lactamase (considered as the first known member of an additional class D), the low-Mr DD-peptidases/penicillin-binding proteins (protein no. 5 of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) and penicillin-binding domains of the high-Mr penicillin-binding proteins (PBP1A, PBP1B, PBP2 and PBP3 of E. coli). Though the evolutionary distance may vary considerably, all these penicillin-interactive proteins and domains appear to be members of a single superfamily of active-site-serine enzymes distinct from the classical trypsin or subtilisin families. The amino acid alignments reveal several conserved boxes that consist of strict identities or homologous amino acids. The significance of these boxes is highlighted by the known results of X-ray crystallography, chemical derivatization and site-directed-mutagenesis experiments.
Involvement of CD44 in induction of matrix metalloproteinases by a COOH‐terminal heparin‐binding fragment of fibronectin in human articular cartilage in culture (2003)

Interaction of the peptide V sequence in HBFN-f with glycosaminoglycans, such as those in CD44, plays an important role in HBFN-f-stimulated MMP production in articular cartilage. Because CD44 is up-regulated in osteoarthritic and rheumatoid arthritic cartilage, the role of the interaction between CD44 and HBFN-f in these pathologies should be of relevance and should be studied further.
In vitro evaluation of acute cytotoxicity of human chemically treated allografts (2001)

In order to minimize the risk of contamination associated with tissue transplantation, tissue banks commonly chemically treat the tissues whenever possible. As viral inactivation uses agents lethal to microorganisms, it is imperative to assure that chemically inactivated tissue remains biocompatible. In vitro assays can be an effective means to assess the acute cytotoxicity of chemically treated human allografts. We have used different types of cells cultured in the presence of treated tissue extract. A standard cell line, a human fibroblast (WI38), which was the same for all the samples, was chosen. In addition, as the banked tissues (bone and fascia lata) were prepared to be used in bone or as a dura mater substitute, two other cell types were also used: an osteoblastic cell line (SaOS-2) and a neuronal cell line (Neuro 2A). Cytotoxic assessment was performed by qualitative evaluation of cell morphology based on confluence, granulation, vacuolization and swelling analysis. In addition, quantitative methods based on the use of neutral red (NR) and 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) were assayed. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of fascia lata and bone extracts did not show deleterious effects on cell cultures. These results show that in vitro methods can be appropriate to select a non-toxic procedure before it is used in the human body and that several strong chemical treatments can result in a tissue suitable for human.
Stability Analysis and Mitigation of Oscillation in an Induction Machine (2014)

Open-loop constant voltage/frequency (v/f) adjustable speed drives (ASDs) can often experience undesirablesustained oscillations. Factors affecting these oscillation states include induction machine (IM) parameters, dead time,dc-link capacitor size, IM saturation, output voltage, carrier frequency, and IM speed. Many literatures have discussedthe instabilities in light-load or low-frequency operating conditions. Quite a few methods have been proposed forstabilizing such a system. However, the instability problems, at different power levels, have not been completelydescribed. This paper analyzes the causes of this instability for constant v/f drives as power levels change. The 2.2-and 15-kW low-voltage IMs and the 746-kW medium-voltage IM are evaluated to illustrate how the motor parameters affectthe system stability. Additionally, a new oscillation mitigation method is introduced to demonstrate its effectivenessin solving the instability problems. It is based on the synchronous reference frame dynamic current feedback through itsmagnetic flux current component bandpass filtering and proportional control. In a theoretical stability analysis beforeand after the current feedback compensation, simulation studies are presented and verified through a 15-kW 380-V 50-HzIM ASD experimental system.