gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a Stable Interaction of gp41 with Pr55<sup>Gag</sup>in Immature Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Particles (2000)

Assembly of infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions requires incorporation of the viral envelope glycoproteins gp41 and gp120. Several lines of evidence have suggested that the cytoplasmic tail of the transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41, associates with Pr55(Gag) in infected cells to facilitate the incorporation of HIV-1 envelope proteins into budding virions. However, direct evidence for an interaction between gp41 and Pr55(Gag) in HIV-1 particles has not been reported. To determine whether gp41 is associated with Pr55(Gag) in HIV-1 particles, viral cores were isolated from immature HIV-1 virions by sedimentation through detergent. The cores contained a major fraction of the gp41 that was present on untreated virions. Association of gp41 with cores required the presence of the gp41 cytoplasmic tail. In HIV-1 particles containing a functional protease, a mutation that prevents cleavage of Pr55(Gag) at the matrix-capsid junction was sufficient for the detergent-resistant association of gp41 with the isolated cores. In addition to gp41, a major fraction of virion-associated gp120 was also detected on immature HIV-1 cores. Isolation of cores under conditions known to disrupt lipid rafts resulted in the removal of a raft-associated protein incorporated into virions but not the HIV-1 envelope proteins. These results provide biochemical evidence for a stable interaction between Pr55(Gag) and the cytoplasmic tail of gp41 in immature HIV-1 particles. Moreover, findings in this study suggest that the interaction of Pr55(Gag) with gp41 may regulate the function of the envelope proteins during HIV-1 maturation.
THE REACTION OF RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS WITH MERCURIC ACETATE. CONVERSION OF 3-ISORESERPINE TO RESERPINE (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REACTION OF RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS WITH MERCURIC ACETATE. CONVERSION OF 3-ISORESERPINE TO RESERPINEFrank L. Weisenborn and Patrick A. DiassiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 9, 2022–2023Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01590a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01590a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views220Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of inert supports in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of peptides: pencil lead, porous silica gel, DIOS‐chip and NALDI™ target (2009)

In the search for alternative inert surfaces replacing silicon chips in Desorption/Ionization On porous Silicon (DIOS)-like mass spectrometry analyses, nanostructured silicon-based NALDI chips were evaluated in Laser Desorption/Ionization (LDI) of peptides. Comparisons were made using commercially available DIOS chips (MassPREP-DIOS-target), amorphous carbon powder from lead pencil and porous silica gel used for chromatographic purposes as reference supports. A set of synthetic model peptides presenting variable amino acid sequences of various lengths was analyzed under all conditions. The LDI responses of the four 'matrix-free' techniques were compared, especially in terms of peptide detection sensitivity and overall experiment robustness.
Coherent anti-stokes raman microscope for identification of cellular molecule (2005)

Coherent antiStokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscope is a new molecular identification tool with high spatial resolution. Nonstaining molecular identification is achieved by observing the molecular vibrations any molecule have, and high spatial resolution image is obtained by the nonlinear optical process. We have developed the far-field and near-field CARS microscopy systems for three dimensional imaging and ultra-high resolution imaging.
A Clinical Trial of a Whole-Virus H5N1 Vaccine Derived from Cell Culture (2008)

A two-dose vaccine regimen of either 7.5 microg or 15 microg of hemagglutinin antigen without adjuvant induced neutralizing antibodies against diverse H5N1 virus strains in a high percentage of subjects, suggesting that this may be a useful H5N1 vaccine. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00349141.)
Dimensions of Urban Social Structure: The Social Areas of Melbourne, Australia. (1971)

The physical segregation of social groups in industrial cities has long attracted the attention of social scientist and casual observer alike. In Australia the possibility of mapping the social ecology of large cities has been limited by the absence of sufficiently detailed census information, a gap remedied in 1961 by the provision of a new range of small area data. Here the author exploits the existence of the new information to present the first intensive social anatomy of any Australian metropolis. Statistics on the residential concentration and segregation of seventy socioeconomic, demographic, ethnic, and religious categories are examined, and the vast complexity and range of these data are reduced by sophisticated techniques of statistical analysis to three theoretically meaningful constructs - social rank, familism, and ethnicity. These constructs are used to develop a typology of social areas which serves as the basis for developing an understanding of, and further hypotheses about, urban social structure. Not only does this analysis present a self-contained study of Australia{u2019}s second largest metropolis, but detailed maps and statistical appendixes provide a benchmark for future social investigations into the urban scene - on subjects such as political preference, immigrant adjustment, poverty, crime, delinquency, and urban planning.
Simple regression formula for intraocular lens power adjustment in eyes requiring cataract surgery after excimer laser photoablation (2006)

A simple IOL power corrective adjustment regression formula allowed accurate determination of IOL power after laser refractive photoablation surgery. The weakness of the current method is that knowledge of the amount of prior laser vision correction is necessary.
Isopropyl alcohol extraction of oil and lipids in the production of fish protein concentrate from herring (1969)

Abstract The extraction of lipid from fatty fish (herring) by the Halifax process for producing fish protein concentrate, using isopropyl alcohol (IPA), is virtually complete. The largest portion of the lipid is found in the first extract and high quality triglyceride oil is readily recovered by cooling this extract; under certain circum‐stances it can also be recovered from the second extract. The phospholipids are extracted without obvious degradation and together with free fatty acids are found mostly in the IPA‐rich phase from the first extraction. Residual lipid in fish protein concentrate resembles the starting lipid of the fish. Detailed fatty acid compositions are given for various materials.
Intermodulation distortion in narrowband amplifier circuits (2010)

The contribution of bandpass filter memory to intermodulation distortion in narrowband amplifier circuits is examined. A method for generating multisines from filtered switched tones is presented, and techniques for measuring an amplifier's IP3 and extracting a filter's passband using these multisines are developed. It is shown that amplified filtered pulses produce intermodulation distortion in frequency-hopping communication systems. In the experimental study, 465 and 900-MHz Chebyshev bandpass filters are considered.
Update on Appropriate Use Criteria for Amyloid PET Imaging: Dementia Experts, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Education (2013)

Amyloid PET imaging is a novel diagnostic test that can detect in living humans one of the two defining pathologic lesions of Alzheimer disease, amyloid-β deposition in the brain. The Amyloid Imaging Task Force of the Alzheimer's Association and Society for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging previously published appropriate use criteria for amyloid PET as an important tool for increasing the certainty of a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease in specific patient populations. Here, the task force further clarifies and expands 3 topics discussed in the original paper: first, defining dementia experts and their use of proper documentation to demonstrate the medical necessity of an amyloid PET scan; second, identifying a specific subset of individuals with mild cognitive impairment for whom an amyloid PET scan is appropriate; and finally, developing educational programs to increase awareness of the amyloid PET appropriate use criteria and providing instructions on how this test should be used in the clinical decision-making process.
Optimization of production plan through simulation techniques (2009)

Abstract:- The production costs reduction in a highly competitive environment is a critical success factor. In particular, in fields where outsourcing is used frequently and the impact of the material costs is high, a significant cost reduction can be achieved making more efficient value chain. Moreover, the use of outsourcing is a way to adjust production capacity depending on demand. Therefore the coordination and planning of the various rings of the chain and the estimate of the productive capability of the various production units become fundamental for a coherent evaluation of promised delivery times. More and more frequently and in greater detail the Companies at the “end of the network ” require, through capacity assessment a verification of the available productive capacity of the manufacturing units, both from a quality and quantity point of view, that each single firm can dedicate to a certain type of production. In this paper it is presented a simulation model that allows the elaboration of an operative plan of production through the verification of finite capacity scheduling of resources. The model tends to minimize costs of stocking and set-up, considering other production costs as constant. The simulation is a technique that allows the checking with better precision of the use of the resources with variation of the ties. This approach lead to a high performing instrument in the field of the advanced planning and scheduling through analysis of the various possible views. The auxiliary use of the optimizing tool available in the ARENA software allows an optimal solution, confirming the validity of the study of new applications of the simulative instrument for the verification of productive capacity in the short term. Key-Words:- Supply chain management, advanced planning and scheduling, finite capacity scheduling,
Performance Optimization of Broadwell-Y Shaped Transistor Using Artificial Neural Network and Moth-Flame Optimization Technique (2018)

FinFETs are the emerging 3D-transistor structures due to strong electrostatic control of active channel by gate from more than one side which was not possible in conventional transistor. FinFET structures with rectangular and trapezoidal shape have been excessively analyzed in literature. In this work, FinFET with Broadwell-Y shape proposed by Intel, has been designed and simulated in Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). The performance of the designed device was optimized using Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) after the network was trained through Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Results obtained from MATLAB were in close agreement with those obtained from TCAD simulations. Output parameters like leakage current (IOFF) of 2.407e-12, On-Off current ratio (ION/IOFF) of 4.5e06, Subthreshold Swing (SS) of 65.4mV/dec and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) of 37.9mV/V were obtained after optimization. Short channel effects are improved for 20nm gate length as SS is close to ideal value 60mV/dec and DIBL is below 100mV/V which makes this designed structure a good option for nanoscale applications.
A Broker-Based Approach to Resource Discovery and Selection in Grid Environments (2008)

The grid provides mechanisms to share dynamic, heterogeneous, distributed resources spanned across multiple administrative domains. The dynamic nature of resources on computational grids raises the question of an efficient scheduling process, which mainly consists of resource discovery and resource selection. So, appropriate resource discovery and selection mechanism is an important aspect of grid computing. In this paper a novel approach for resource discovery and resource selection is proposed. The approach is based on client agents which act on behalf of grid users and search for resources in a network of resource brokers that are registries for various grid resources. After suitable resources are discovered, client agents determines the willing resources and uses the current load information and memory availability of the resources to determine the optimum set of resources for the tasks in hand. The effectiveness of our algorithm is evaluated through simulation results, which mainly reduces the response time of the tasks.
Effect of furostanol glycosides from<i>Trigonella foenum‐graecum</i>on the reproductive system of male albino rats (2010)

Abstract Trigonella foenum (TF) has long been used in the traditional Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The objective was to study the anabolic and androgenic activity of the furostanol glycosides fraction of Trigonella foenum‐graecum (Fenu‐FG) in immature castrated male Wistar rats. It was also aimed to investigate the effect of Fenu‐FG on testicular histology in non‐castrated immature rats. The animals (55 ± 5 g) were castrated. The rats were treated with either vehicle, testosterone (10 mg/kg s.c. bi‐weekly) or Fenu‐FG (10 and 35 mg/kg p.o.) once daily for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, blood was withdrawn, serum testosterone and BUN were measured. Animals were killed and reproductive organs were excised and weighed. Fenu‐FG (35 mg/kg p.o.) and testosterone (10 mg/kg, s.c. biweekly) increased the weight of the levator ani muscle as well as body weight. Fenu‐FG (10 or 35 mg/kg p.o.) did not change the testosterone level in castrated rats. Histopathological examination of the testis of non‐castrated rats treated with Fenu‐FG (10, 35 mg/kg p.o.) showed normal architecture of the testis. Fenu‐FG (35 mg/kg p.o.) showed anabolic activity without androgenic activity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tricalcium Phosphate and Osteogenin (1995)

The disadvantages of autogenous bone grafts has prompted a search for a dependable onlay bone graft substitute. A combination of tricalcium phosphate, a resorbable ceramic, and osteogenin, an osteoinductive protein, was evaluated as an onlay bone graft substitute in a rabbit calvarial model. Twenty-eight tricalcium phosphate implants (15 mm diameter x 5 mm; pore size, 100-200 microns) were divided into experimental and control groups and placed on the frontal bone of 14 adult New Zealand White rabbits. In the experimental animals, 185 micrograms of osteogenin was added to each implant. In the control animals, the implants were placed untreated. Implants were harvested at intervals of 1, 3, and 6 months, and evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin histology, microradiography, and histomorphometric scanning electron microscope backscatter image analysis. At 1 month there was minimal bone ingrowth and little tricalcium phosphate resorption in both the osteogenin-treated and control implants. At 3 months, both the osteogenin-treated and control implants showed a modest increase in bone ingrowth (8.85 percent versus 5.87 percent) and decrease in tricalcium phosphate (32.86 percent versus 37.08 percent). At 6 months, however, the osteogenin-treated implants showed a statistically significant increase in bone ingrowth (22.33 percent versus 6.96 percent; p = 0.000) and decrease in tricalcium phosphate (27.25 percent versus 37.80 percent; p = 0.004) compared with the control implants. The bone within the control implants was mostly woven at 6 months, whereas the osteogenin-treated implants contained predominantly mature lamellar bone with well-differentiated marrow. All implants maintained their original volume at each time interval studied. The tricalcium phosphate/osteogenin composite, having the advantage of maintaining its volume and being replaced by new bone as the tricalcium phosphate resorbs, may be applicable clinically as an onlay bone graft substitute.
pH dependence of mitomycin C-induced cross-linking activity in EMT6 tumor cells. (1985)

Mitomycin C (MC), a quinone-containing bioreductive alkylating agent, is cytotoxic to aerobic EMT6 tumor cells despite the fact that little bioactivation of MC occurs in EMT6 cell homogenates in the presence of O2. Because spontaneous activation of MC at acidic pH has been reported in chemical systems, aerobic EMT6 tumor cells were incubated in serum-free 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid or N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid buffer at pH 5.7, 6.4, and 7.5 and exposed to MC for 2 h. As the extracellular pH was lowered, MC-induced DNA-DNA cross-linking, as measured by alkaline elution techniques, was enhanced. This effect was dose dependent at the three pH values tested. Measurement of intracellular pH by flow cytometric analysis indicated that the decrease in extracellular pH was paralleled by a fall in intracellular pH. The alteration of the extracellular pH had no effect on the colony-forming ability of control cells. The survival of cells treated with MC, however, was decreased as the pH was lowered. These data suggest that the intracellular and/or the extracellular pH is an important determinant of MC activity in aerobic EMT6 tumor cells.
Chemical Modification of Polypropylene by Maleic Anhydride: Melt Grafting, Characterization and Mechanism (2014)

 Abstract—Polypropylene (PP) was functionalized with maleic anhydride (MAH) in the presence of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) via melt grafting in a batch mixer, where the maleic anhydride and peroxide concentrations were varied. The effect of concentration of monomer and initiator on the degree of functionalization and properties of the products was investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, thermal analysis and titration. It was found that the degree of functionalization depends on the initial concentration of monomer and initiator that used in reaction. Finally a mechanism of melt grafting MAH onto PP proposed on the basis of our experimental results and other experimental finding published in the literature.
Homologous Recombination, but Not DNA Repair, Is Reduced in Vertebrate Cells Deficient in <i>RAD52</i> (1998)

Rad52 plays a pivotal role in double-strand break (DSB) repair and genetic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where mutation of this gene leads to extreme X-ray sensitivity and defective recombination. Yeast Rad51 and Rad52 interact, as do their human homologues, which stimulates Rad51-mediated DNA strand exchange in vitro, suggesting that Rad51 and Rad52 act cooperatively. To define the role of Rad52 in vertebrates, we generated RAD52(-/-) mutants of the chicken B-cell line DT40. Surprisingly, RAD52(-/-) cells were not hypersensitive to DNA damages induced by gamma-irradiation, methyl methanesulfonate, or cis-platinum(II)diammine dichloride (cisplatin). Intrachromosomal recombination, measured by immunoglobulin gene conversion, and radiation-induced Rad51 nuclear focus formation, which is a putative intermediate step during recombinational repair, occurred as frequently in RAD52(-/-) cells as in wild-type cells. Targeted integration frequencies, however, were consistently reduced in RAD52(-/-) cells, showing a clear role for Rad52 in genetic recombination. These findings reveal striking differences between S. cerevisiae and vertebrates in the functions of RAD51 and RAD52.
Design of a multicast routing algorithm (2002)

Multicast communication can support wide range of applications such as digital video distribution. In multicast communication, routing paths are established in terms of minimizing the total cost of the multicast tree or minimizing the distances of each connection from source to the destinations. In this paper, we are also concerned about the number of copies in one switching fabric and propose a new algorithm for multicast routing which: (1) it avoids concentration of copying at a specific exchange node and (2) it ensures the optimal path for longest connections among destinations. Time complexity and space complexity of the algorithm are discussed.
Electronic Structure of Transition-Metal Complex Ions (1960)

Donald S. McClure, Electronic Structure of Transition-Metal Complex Ions, Radiation Research Supplement, Vol. 2, Bioenergetics: Considerations of Processes of Absorption, Stabilization, Transfer, and Utilization. Proceedings of a Symposium Sponsored by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission Held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, October 12-16, 1959 (1960), pp. 218-242
Treatment of Canine Intervertebral Disc Displacement With Chondroitinase ABC (1997)

Chemonucleolytic treatment with chondroitinase ABC is an effective and safe method for the management of canine intervertebral disc displacement.
A component-based application framework for manufacturing execution systems in C# and .NET (2002)

This paper describes the design and realization of a componentbased application framework to develop Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES). Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) are a recently defined category of industrial software for the plant floor/manufacturing environment. The overall goal has been to enable the development of MES software systems by composition and extensions of prefabricated building blocks. The framework-based development of MES applications guarantees significant reduction in development time and cost by increased software quality. The framework is grounded on two supplementing approaches -- on the one side, an event- and constraint-based modelling approach is used to represent equipment states and production workflow and, on the other side, object-oriented and component-based software technology have been used as the underlying realization concepts. The framework has been realized in Microsoft&apos;s new C# programming language and .NET Framework.