gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Extraction Parameters on the Phytochemical Characteristics of Extracts from Buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>) Herb (2004)

In recent years, the interest in herbal medicinal products, especially in the field of dermatology and cosmetics, has risen enormously. Many plant-derived substances show photoprotective properties in terms of absorption of UV radiation and preventing photodamage to molecular structures of human skin. Modern phytopharmaceutics as well as phytocosmetics require standardized, defined extracts from the herbal matrix. Buckwheat herb is rich in flavonoids, which have been identified as potent antioxidants. Up to now, there have been no systematic investigations available concerning the extraction conditions for phenolic substances from buckwheat herb. In this paper, we report the influence of three extraction parameters, ethanol concentration, temperature, and extraction time, on the response variables extractable matter, antioxidant activity, and content of fagopyrin, rutin, and chlorogenic acid. Our results suggest that an extract with good antioxidant activity, a high content of phenolics, and a low content of the phototoxic fagopyrin can be yielded by agitated maceration with 30% ethanol at 60 degrees C for 2 h. Furthermore, there is good correlation between the antioxidant activity and the rutin content, whereas the extractable matter is not an appropriate parameter for extract quality. Huge differences in the content of rutin and chlorogenic acid when using herbal drugs from different suppliers confirm the demand of standardized procedures for the production of herbal drugs.
PMI-based MIMO OFDM PHY Integrated Key Exchange (P-MOPI) Scheme (2011)

In the literature, J.-P. Cheng et al. have proposed the MIMO-OFDM PHY integrated (MOPI) scheme for achieving physical-layer security in practice without using any cryptographic ciphers. The MOPI scheme uses channel sounding and physical-layer network coding (PNC) to prevent eavesdroppers from learning the channel state information (CSI). Nevertheless, due to the use of multiple antennas for PNC at transmitter and beamforming at receiver, it is not possible to have spatial multiplexing nor use space-time codes in our previous MOPI scheme. In this paper, we propose a variant of the MOPI scheme, called P-MOPI, that works with a cryptographic cipher and utilizes precoding matrix index (PMI) as an efficient key-exchange mechanism. With channel sounding, the PMI is only known between the transmitter and the legal receiver. The shared key can then be used, e.g., as the seed to generate pseudo random bit sequences for securing subsequent transmissions using a stream cipher. By applying the same techniques at independent subcarriers of the OFDM system, the P-MOPI scheme easily allows two communicating parties to exchange over 100 secret bits. As a result, not only secure communication but also the MIMO gain can be guaranteed by using the P-MOPI scheme.
Nonlinear echo cancellation using a correlation RLS adaptation scheme (2006)

Abstract:- Adaptive algorithms have been widely used to reduce or cancel undesired echo signals in acoustic communication systems. In particular, in a double-talk scenario, fluctuations in the estimation of echo path parameters and nonlinear distortion in a hybrid system may result in significant performance degradation. In this paper, the use of nonlinear echo cancellation via a correlation RLS (CRLS) algorithm is proposed to compensate for nonlinear distortion in the echo path and to solve the double-talk problem. Simulation results, showing fast convergence and robustness, are provided to illustrate the validity and performance of the proposed approach.
Teleoperation characteristics and human response factor in relation to a robotic welding system (2002)

A remote robotic welding system has been built consisting of a six degree-of-freedom master manipulator, a stereo monitoring system, a computer control system and a slave PUMA robot. The hand-eye coordination, the human hand respondent simulation test and the influence of master unbalanced torque on arc welding master-slave teleoperation characteristics are discussed. In this paper, the power spectral density of the trajectory deviation shows a "two humps" distribution characteristic, it will also be shown that the eye-in-hand monitor mode can increase operation efficiency, and that the combination of automatic weld-speed control and master-slave teleoperation mode can enhance operation stability and tracking accuracy in comparison to conventional master-slave control mode.
Study on GnRH-like peptide substance from follicular cells of chicken by serum-free cultured (2000)

GnRH Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was established for detecting production of GnRH by serum-free cultured follicular cells. GnRH-like peptide was found in the medium of cultured theca cells (TC) and granulosa cells (GC) from chicken. The substance in the medium of TC increased gradually within 72h. But there were no significantly changes in the medium of GC. Those results demonstrated that the follicular cells of chicken could produce GnRH-II-like peptide.
Highly-selective miniaturized first-order low-profile dual-band frequency selective surface (2016)

A miniaturized low-profile first-order dual-band frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The proposed structure consists of two resonators layers separated by an ultra-thin dielectric. One layer is a 2D periodic array of a conventional Jerusalem Cross (JC) shaped unit element. The other layer is based on a hybrid of cross slot dipole bounded by a square loop wire slot. The FSS structure utilizes resonant elements and strong coupling between the layers to achieve a high-Q dual bandpass response, delivering the first operating band at a low frequency. The main advantages of the proposed FSS include miniaturized periodic dimensions of about λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> /15, ultra-thin overall thickness (in the range of λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> /200, where λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is the free space wavelength at the lowest band of operation), and highly selective bandpass response. A prototype, simultaneously operating at S and C bands is fabricated and tested using a standard free space measurement.
Control Method of Stress-Free Status for Erection of Cable-Stayed Bridges (2003)

In the light of the structural features of cable\|stayed bridges and major problems commonly encountered in the erection stage of the bridges, the stressfree status amounts of structural element are used as principal path to automatically approximate the target values of the completed bridges, and to realize synchronous operations of multifarious construction procedures during the erection. The model tests and construction of several longspan cable stayed bridges prove that the method presented herewith is pretty effective and reliable.
Bioprocessing Device Composed of Protein/DNA/Inorganic Material Hybrid (2013)

Major challenges in molecular electronics include miniaturization, and the realization of a simple function to alter silicon‐based electronics. It has been hard to develop a single molecular‐based computing system, since such systems need complex functionality to be developed at the single‐molecular level. To develop a molecular‐based biocomputing system, a bioprocessing device is demonstrated that consists of recombinant azurin/DNA/inorganic material hybrid to perform the various functions in a device. A metalloprotein which exhibits redox behavior is used as a biomemory source. The redox property could be controlled with command materials (conducting nanoparticles, heavy metal ions, and semiconducting nanoparticles) to perform ‘information reinforcement,’ ‘information regulation,’ and ‘information amplification’ functions, respectively. This bioprocessing device could be a foundation to develop single‐biomolecular‐based computing systems.
Research on Engine Speed Control System Based on Fuzzy Adaptive PID Controller (2019)

Traditional PID fails to meet the requirements in control precision and response speed while implementing a nonlinear control. Such problem can be easily solved by adaptive fuzzy PID, which indicates that the adaptive fuzzy PID will realize the precise control in engine speed control system, a typical nonlinear system. This paper first discusses the mathematical control model of diesel engine speed-control system and the characteristics of the traditional PID control. Then, the speed control principle of the adaptive fuzzy PID controller is analyzed. Besides, the membership function of fuzzy logical, the fuzzy logical variable and the fuzzy reasoning rules are determined. Next, the adaptive correction method is briefly introduced. Finally, the model of traditional PID and adaptive fuzzy PID controller are simulated and the same disturb is added into the control systems. The simulation results show that the adaptive fuzzy PID controller has better performance in dynamic response and robustness than that of traditional PID.
TRANSIENT ROLL MOTIONS OF A VEHICLE FOLLOWING A PRESCRIBED HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT (1975)

A simple, one-degree-of-freedom model to describe the effect of transition curve design parameters on the transient roll motions experienced in the sprung mass of a road or rail car is developed. Analytical expressions for the roll response to a number of roadway inputs are obtained, and quantified for several representative cases. Language: en
Kinetics of Morphogen Gradient Formation (2007)

In the developing fly wing, secreted morphogens such as Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Wingless (Wg) form gradients of concentration providing positional information. Dpp forms a longer-range gradient than Wg. To understand how the range is controlled, we measured the four key kinetic parameters governing morphogen spreading: the production rate, the effective diffusion coefficient, the degradation rate, and the immobile fraction. The four parameters had different values for Dpp versus Wg. In addition, Dynamin-dependent endocytosis was required for spreading of Dpp, but not Wg. Thus, the cellular mechanisms of Dpp and Wingless spreading are different: Dpp spreading requires endocytic, intracellular trafficking.
Neural network architectures for active suspension control (2002)

The authors describe several methods which can be utilized to train a neural network to control both linear and nonlinear active suspension systems. It is demonstrated that the networks can simply be trained to emulate existing controllers, be trained to become an adaptive controller for a plant by utilizing a second network which has learned to emulate the plant, or be trained to control an unmodeled system through the provision of a properly chosen performance function and error signal. The latter case is quite interesting in that the neural network learns to control an unknown system guided by a training signal developed from heuristic knowledge about generic plant properties and qualitative performance functions. Comparisons of the neural net controllers and conventional controllers are discussed in terms of performance and efforts needed to obtain reasonable performance from both approaches.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Germ line polymorphisms of p53 and CYP1A1 genes involved in human lung cancer (1993)

The p53 tumor suppressor gene is mutated in diverse types of human cancer, and the normal allele encodes a nuclear protein that regulates expression of cell cycle-related genes as a transcription factor. The wild-type of p53 protein exists as at least two forms of variants among human populations, ascribed to amino acid replacement at codon 72 of Arg by Pro. In this study, we show that this germ line Arg-Pro polymorphism at codon 72 of the p53 gene is associated with genetically determined susceptibility to smoking-induced lung cancer; a susceptible genotype Pro/Pro has a 1.7-fold higher risk of this cancer compared with other genotypes. This p53 polymorphism modulates risk to smoking-induced lung cancer independently of other genetic risk factors such as germ line polymorphism of CYP1A1 or GST1 genes.
PKC isoforms and other signaling proteins involved in surfactant secretion in developing rat type II cells (1998)

We previously reported that there is a developmental increase in surfactant secretion in response to P2Y2 purinoceptor agonists. UTP does not stimulate secretion in type II cells from 1- or 2-day-old rats; there is a small response to UTP in cells from 4-day-old animals, and the response increases with increasing age thereafter. Second messenger formation in response to P2Y2 agonists has a similar developmental pattern. We have investigated whether the failure to respond to P2Y2 agonists is due to a deficiency in the P2Y2 receptor or in downstream signaling factors. We compared type II cells from adult and 1- to 2-day-old rats with respect to expression of the P2Y2 receptor gene and the levels of phospholipase C-beta (PLC-beta) and protein kinase C (PKC) isomers and of the alpha-subunit of the GTP-binding protein Gq. We measured gene expression by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and protein levels by immunoblotting. We identified PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII, -delta, -eta, -zeta, -theta, and -mu, PLC-beta3, and Gqalpha in adult and newborn type II cells. PKC-epsilon, -gamma, and -lambda and PLC-beta1, -beta2, and -beta4 were not present in adult or newborn type II cells. Expression of the P2Y2 receptor gene was essentially the same in newborn and adult cells. However, the levels of PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII, and -zeta in newborn type II cells were only 43-57% those of adult cells. The level of PKC-theta also tended to be lower in the newborn cells. There was little difference between newborn and adult type II cells in the levels of PKC-delta, -eta, and -mu, PLC-beta3, and Gqalpha. These data suggest that the lack of response of early newborn type II cells to P2Y2 agonists is not due to a lack of expression of the receptor gene but possibly to insufficient amounts of one or more of the alpha, betaI, betaII, or zeta PKC isoforms.
Supporting Pattern-Matching Queries over Trajectories on Road Networks (2010)

With the advent of ubiquitous computing, we can easily collect large-scale trajectory data, say, from moving vehicles. This paper studies pattern-matching problems for trajectory data over road networks, which complements existing efforts focusing on (1) a spatiotemporal window query for location-based service or (2) euclidean space with no restriction. In contrast, we first identify some desirable properties for pattern-matching queries to the road network trajectories. As the existing work does not fully satisfy these properties, we develop (1) trajectory representation and (2) distance metric that satisfy all the desirable properties we identified. Based on this representation and metric, we develop efficient algorithms for three types of pattern-matching queries-whole, subpattern, and reverse subpattern matching. We analytically validate the correctness of our algorithms and also empirically validate their scalability over large-scale, real-life, and synthetic trajectory data sets.
Ruminococcus bromii, identification and isolation as a dominant community member in the rumen of cattle fed a barley diet (2007)

Ruminococcus bromii YE282 may be useful as a probiotic inoculant to increase the efficiency of starch utilization in barley-fed cattle. The combination of DGGE and real-time TNA has been an effective process for identifying and targeting for isolation, dominant bacteria in a complex ecosystem.
COPERM: transform-domain energy compaction by optimal permutation (1999)

Compaction by optimal permutation (COPERM) is a tool for transform domain energy compaction of broadband signals, whose foundation is a simple but powerful idea: any signal can be transformed to resemble a more desirable (e.g., from a transform-domain compaction viewpoint) signal from a class of "target" signals (e.g., DCT basis functions) by means of a suitable permutation of its samples. One application of transform-domain energy compaction is in lossy compression. We pursue one possible thread in detail and demonstrate some interesting broadband image compression results.
Adaptive Physical Rate based Admission Control at EDCA in IEEE 802.11e WLANs (2007)

The IEEE 802.11e standard allows an Admission Control (AC) mechanism based on medium time criteria, calculated from the minimum Physical Layer (PHY) Rate, for contention-based wireless access. A pessimistic minimum PHY Rate causes channel under-utilisation. Therefore, proposed is a new AC based on adaptive PHY Rate that enhances user capacity with Quality of Service (QoS) provision.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Coded Caching Scheme in Fog Radio Access Networks (2018)

Fog radio access networks (F-RANs) have been presented as promising architectures for the future wireless system to provide high spectral and energy efficiency. With the help of the new designed fog access points (F-APs), F-RANs can take the full advantage of local caching capabilities, which relieves the load of fronthaul and reduces transmission delay. However, the cache resource optimization is a challenging task due to the uncertainty and dynamics of user file requests. Considering the high utilization of cache space and file diversity by coded caching, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based algorithm is developed for coded caching enabled F-RANs. The core idea of the proposal is that the network controller intelligently allocates the limited cache spaces of F-APs to different coded files based on the historical requests of the user. While the successful transmission probability of user requests is maximized during the learning process. Through numerical simulations, the convergence of the DRL based caching scheme is demonstrated, and the superiority of the proposal is verified by comparing with other baselines.
X11  rescues memory and long-term potentiation deficits in Alzheimer's disease APPswe Tg2576 mice (2009)

Increased production and deposition of amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) are believed to be key pathogenic events in Alzheimer's disease. As such, routes for lowering cerebral Abeta levels represent potential therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. X11beta is a neuronal adaptor protein that binds to the intracellular domain of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Overexpression of X11beta inhibits Abeta production in a number of experimental systems. However, whether these changes to APP processing and Abeta production induced by X11beta overexpression also induce beneficial effects to memory and synaptic plasticity are not known. We report here that X11beta-mediated reduction in cerebral Abeta is associated with normalization of both cognition and in vivo long-term potentiation in aged APPswe Tg2576 transgenic mice that model the amyloid pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Overexpression of X11beta itself has no detectable adverse effects upon mouse behaviour. These findings support the notion that modulation of X11beta function represents a therapeutic target for Abeta-mediated neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
Autocrine Metabolism of Vitamin D in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue (2005)

These data indicate that the vitamin D-activating enzyme 1alpha-hydroxylase is up-regulated in breast tumors. However, dysregulated expression of 24-hydroxylase seems to abrogate the effects of local 1,25(OH)2D3 production in tumors by catalyzing catabolism to less active vitamin D metabolites. The enzymes involved in autocrine metabolism of vitamin D in breast tissue may therefore provide important targets for both the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
Media construction formalism specifying abstractions for multimedia scenario design (2000)

Abstract Most of the current work on the temporal aspects of hypermedia is oriented towards implementation and rendering. Relatively little work has been directed towards the design of hypermedia artifacts, particularly artifacts comprising large sets of media items with rich sets of temporal relationships. We introduce the media construction formalism (MCF), a formalism permitting the design of media construction abstractions (MCA) for the specification of multimedia scenarios. MCF provides constructs that can be understood and manipulated by designers at different levels of granularity and detail. MCF relies on a temporal model similar to that of SMIL 2.0, but targets design issues. MCF supports abstraction and re-use at the artifact design level and uses the notion of design patterns and the metaphor of roles, players and actors, to provide generic design descriptions. MCF provides an integrated specification of spatial, temporal, and object behavior, including composition which may depend on run time events. MCF provides a designer-friendly environment, incorporating a visual representation of partial designs together with a special-purpose structured editor.
Active Learning in Noisy Conditions for Spoken Language Understanding (2014)

Active learning has proved effective in many fields of natural language processing. However, in the field of spoken language understanding which is always dealing with noise, no complete comparison between different active learning methods has been done. This paper compares the best known active learning methods in noisy conditions for spoken language understanding. Additionally a new method based on Fisher information named as Weighted Gradient Uncertainty (WGU) is proposed. Furthermore, Strict Local Density (SLD) method is proposed based on a new concept of local density and a new technique of utilizing information density measures. Results demonstrate that both proposed methods outperform the best performance of the previous methods in noisy and noise-free conditions with SLD being superior to WGU slightly.
Vapor−Liquid−Liquid Equilibria of Hydrofluorocarbons + 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate (2006)

In recent reports, we measured the vapor−liquid−liquid equilibria (VLLE) of trifluoromethane (R-23) and pentafluoroethane (R-125) with a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF6], using a volume−mass measurement method along various isotherms. In the present work, we complete similar investigation of VLLE for the methane and ethane series of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in [bmim][PF6]. Compounds studied here are fluoromethane (R-41), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (R-143a), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), and fluoroethane (R-161) in [bmim][PF6]. Observed VLLE behaviors are consistent with the earlier predictions by our equation-of-state (EOS) model, which showed partial immiscibilities in the HFC-rich side solutions, indicating type-III or type-V mixtures according to the Konynenburg−Scott classification. Thus, the present study as well as those with R-23 and R-125 reasonably validate our EOS model. In addition, very large negative excess molar volumes have been observed for all the studied systems, similar to that observed for mixtures with R-23 and R-125.
Contention Based Cooperative Multiple Access for Wireless Packet Networks (2007)

We propose a contention based multiple access scheme that enables packet level cooperation in wireless packet network, where the idle nodes help the source nodes by offering relay of the failed packet. Also a prioritization scheme is implemented to optimize to the contention whose complexity is added by participation of relay nodes. Throughput and delay performance improvement is confirmed by computer simulations considering wireless links that have different packet error rates according to the radio condition which suffer from propagation loss and Rayleigh fading. Analysis shows that the addition of active nodes for cooperation rather eases the number of waiting nodes in the contention, and that the reduction of retries needed for transmission reduces the average delay.