gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inferring Motion Direction using Commodity Wi-Fi for Interactive Exergames (2017)

In-air interaction acts as a key enabler for ambient intelligence and augmented reality. As an increasing popular example, exergames, and the alike gesture recognition applications, have attracted extensive research in designing accurate, pervasive and low-cost user interfaces. Recent advances in wireless sensing show promise for a ubiquitous gesture-based interaction interface with Wi-Fi. In this work, we extract complete information of motion-induced Doppler shifts with only commodity Wi-Fi. The key insight is to harness antenna diversity to carefully eliminate random phase shifts while retaining relevant Doppler shifts. We further correlate Doppler shifts with motion directions, and propose a light-weight pipeline to detect, segment, and recognize motions without training. On this basis, we present WiDance, a Wi-Fi-based user interface, which we utilize to design and prototype a contactless dance-pad exergame. Experimental results in typical indoor environment demonstrate a superior performance with an accuracy of 92%, remarkably outperforming prior approaches.
Field PMD measurements through a commercial, Raman-amplified ULH transmission system (2004)

Detailed PMD measurements on a field-deployed 986 km commercial system find anomalous PMD contributions of approximately 0.6 ps/node beyond that of the transmission fiber. Dramatic changes in the PMD spectrum due to temperature sensitive components were observed.
Zebrafish-Based Discovery of Antiseizure Compounds from the Red Sea: Pseurotin A<sub>2</sub> and Azaspirofuran A (2018)

In search for novel antiseizure drugs (ASDs), the European FP7-funded PharmaSea project used zebrafish embryos and larvae as a drug discovery platform to screen marine natural products to identify promising antiseizure hits in vivo for further development. Within the framework of this project, seven known heterospirocyclic γ-lactams, namely, pseurotin A, pseurotin A<sub>2</sub>, pseurotin F1, 11- O-methylpseurotin A, pseurotin D, azaspirofuran A, and azaspirofuran B, were isolated from the bioactive marine fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, and their antiseizure activity was evaluated in the larval zebrafish pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure model. Pseurotin A<sub>2</sub> and azaspirofuran A were identified as antiseizure hits, while their close chemical analogues were inactive. Besides, electrophysiological analysis from the zebrafish midbrain demonstrated that pseurotin A<sub>2</sub> and azaspirofuran A also ameliorate PTZ-induced epileptiform discharges. Next, to determine whether these findings translate to mammalians, both compounds were analyzed in the mouse 6 Hz (44 mA) psychomotor seizure model. They lowered the seizure duration dose-dependently, thereby confirming their antiseizure properties and suggesting activity against drug-resistant seizures. Finally, in a thorough ADMET assessment, pseurotin A<sub>2</sub> and azaspirofuran A were found to be drug-like. Based on the prominent antiseizure activity in both species and the drug-likeness, we propose pseurotin A<sub>2</sub> and azaspirofuran A as lead compounds that are worth further investigation for the treatment of epileptic seizures. This study not only provides the first evidence of antiseizure activity of pseurotins and azaspirofurans, but also demonstrates the value of the zebrafish model in (marine) natural product drug discovery in general, and for ASD discovery in particular.
Genomic Structure and Promoter Analysis of the Human obese Gene (1996)

The human gene encoding the homolog of the mouse obese (ob) gene was isolated and partially characterized. The human ob gene consists of three exons and two introns and spans about 18 kilobase pairs (kb), encoding a 3.5-kb cDNA. A 3-kb 5'-flanking region of the gene was cloned and transient transfection assay with luciferase reporter confirmed the promoter activity in differentiated F442-A adipocytes. Potential regulatory elements are discussed in this report.
Relief of gene repression by Torso RTK signaling: role of <i>capicua</i> in <i>Drosophila</i> terminal and dorsoventral patterning (2000)

Differentiation of the embryonic termini in Drosophila depends on signaling by the Tor RTK, which induces terminal gene expression by inactivating at the embryonic poles a uniformly distributed repressor activity that involves the Gro corepressor. Here, we identify a new gene, cic, that acts as a repressor of terminal genes regulated by the Tor pathway. cic also mediates repression along the dorsoventral axis, a process that requires the Dorsal morphogen and Gro, and which is also inhibited by Tor signaling at the termini. cic encodes an HMG-box transcription factor that interacts with Gro in vitro. We present evidence that Tor signaling regulates terminal patterning by inactivating Cic at the embryo poles. cic has been evolutionarily conserved, suggesting that Cic-like proteins may act as repressors regulated by RTK signaling in other organisms.
An analytic model for the modulation response of buried heterostructure lasers (1984)

This paper describes an analytic model for the modulation response of buried heterostructure (BH) semiconductor lasers. Using a space-averaged carrier density approach, explicit expressions that take into account the combined effects of carrier diffusion and spontaneous emission are derived for the transient decay time of the relaxation oscillations, and the small-signal modulation response for the carriers and photons. The dynamic shift of the lasing wavelength is estimated by calculating the fluctuations of the carrier density during small-signal modulation. Using the analytic solutions obtained, a network synthesis approach is used to derive two-port circuit models for the device. The validity of the theoretical model is verified by comparing the modulation characteristics of a BH laser measured experimentally to that simulated by circuit analysis.
Image data compression by DCT with adaptive run-length coding (1991)

Efficient adaptive discrete cosine transform (DCT) encoding for data compression is described. This algorithm is simple and is suitable for digital still cameras. At a bit rate of 1.2 b/pixel, a signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of about 40 dB was achieved when applied to the Standard Image Database (SIDBA) 'girl Y' images. The data for the DCT coefficients are compressed by adaptive run-length coding, in which either the run-length coding or the non-run-length coding was selected based on the number of zero data in each of the subdivided pictures. By adopting nonlinear quantizers, the Huffman code table was successfully compressed with very little degradation in the images.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A genetic analysis of the functions of LuxN: a two‐component hybrid sensor kinase that regulates quorum sensing in <i>Vibrio harveyi</i> (2000)

The bioluminescent marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi controls light production using two parallel quorum‐sensing systems. V. harveyi produces two autoinducers (AI‐1 and AI‐2), which are recognized by cognate membrane‐bound two‐component hybrid sensor kinases called LuxN and LuxQ respectively. Under conditions of low cell density, in the absence of autoinducer, the hybrid sensors are kinases, and under conditions of high cell density, in the presence of autoinducer, the sensors are phosphatases. These activities allow LuxN and LuxQ to modulate the level of phosphorylation of the response regulator protein LuxO. LuxO, in turn, controls the transcription of the genes encoding luciferase. The phosphorelay protein LuxU is required for signalling to LuxO. In this report, we present a genetic analysis of the activities of the AI‐1 sensor LuxN. Point mutations and in frame deletions were constructed in luxN and recombined onto the chromosome of V. harveyi for in vivo phenotypic analysis. We show that the conserved histidine (H471) in the sensor kinase domain of LuxN is required for kinase activity but not for phosphatase activity. In contrast, the conserved aspartate (D771) in the response regulator domain of LuxN is required for both activities. Furthermore, the LuxN phosphatase activity is localized to the response regulator domain. Our results indicate that the LuxN kinase activity is regulated by the presence of AI‐1, whereas the LuxN phosphatase activity is constitutive. We also show that signalling from the two V. harveyi quorum‐sensing systems is not equivalent. AI‐1 and LuxN have a much greater effect on the level of LuxO phosphate and therefore Lux expression than do AI‐2 and LuxQ.
Hibiscus sabdariffa extract inhibits obesity and fat accumulation, and improves liver steatosis in humans (2014)

Obesity is associated with a great diversity of diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Our previous report suggested that Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts (HSE) had a metabolic-regulating and liver-protecting potential. In this study, we performed a clinical trial to further confirm the effect of HSE. Subjects with a BMI ≧ 27 and aged 18-65, were randomly divided into control (n = 17) and HSE-treated (n = 19) groups, respectively, for 12 weeks. Our data showed that consumption of HSE reduced body weight, BMI, body fat and the waist-to-hip ratio. Serum free fatty acid (FFA) was lowered by HSE. Anatomic changes revealed that HSE improved the illness of liver steatosis. Ingestion of HSE was well tolerated and there was no adverse effect during the trial. No alteration was found for serum α-amylase and lipase. The clinical effect should mainly be attributed to the polyphenols of HSE, since composition analysis showed that branched chain-amino acids, which is associated with obesity, is not obviously high. In conclusion, consumption of HSE reduced obesity, abdominal fat, serum FFA and improved liver steatosis. HSE could act as an adjuvant for preventing obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver.
Extracting of substrate network resistances in RFCMOS transistors (2005)

Substrate network resistances are analyzed and extracted for multi-finger MOS transistors used in RF applications. The commonly used model for MOS transistors in RF applications mainly consists of a substrate resistance network having three resistors. A typical horse-shoe CMOS transistor is laid out and all substrate resistances are extracted from I-V characteristics. Device and process simulation results for 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology show that the horse-shoe structure decreases the parasitic substrate resistance by 27%. Additionally, we show that the results obtained by the traditional approximation method deviated about 31% from the exact results. Furthermore, with the proposed method, the substrate resistance values can be exactly extracted.
Investigation of drinking- and Nile-water samples of upper Egypt (1993)

Nile- and drinking-water samples which were collected from Aswan to Giza during January, June and August 1987, were investigated. The water temperature, transparency and pH were measured in situ and the samples were analysed for the following constituents, i.e. free CO 2 (0,00 to 7,04 mg/l), carbonate (0,0 to 2,0 mg/l), bicarbonate (120 to 160 mg/l), pH (7,00 to 8,45), nitrite (0,00 to 0,10 mg/l), nitrate (0,018 to 0,360 mg/l), phosphate (0,007 to 0,500 mg/l), Ca 2+ (24,05 to 36,90 mg/l), Mg 2+ (9,73 to 15,56 mg/l), total hardness (TH) (102 to 112 mg/l), chloride (6,5 to 11,7 mg/l), sulphate (3,5 to 15,5 mg/l), ion (0,00 to 0,11 mg/l), organic matter (0,8 to 5,2 mg/l) and total dissolved solids (125 to 230 mg/l. Ionic dominance patterns did not change within the seasons although Ca, Mg, HCO 3 − , Cl − and SO 4 2− in both Nile and drinking water increased from Aswan to Assiut and then decreased
Telehomecare telecommunication framework — From remote patient monitoring to video visits and robot telepresence (2016)

Over the last few years, the number of remote patient monitoring (RPM) products and of videoconferencing systems has exploded. There is also a significant number of research initiatives addressing the use of service robots for assistance in daily living activities. From a technological standpoint, providing telehomecare services is certainly feasible. However, one technological barrier is to have access to a telecommunication platform that can be adapted to address the broad range of specifications and requirements of clinical and telehealth applications. Handling the full spectrum of possibilities requires a telecommunication framework that can transmit vital sign data from patients to clinicians, bidirectional audio-video from a standard computing device, and also multiple video streams and bidirectional transmission of control data. This paper presents a framework that integrates such capabilities. It also illustrates the versatility of the framework by presenting custom-designed devices allowing integration of capabilities ranging from RPM to video visits and robot telepresence.
<i>In Vivo</i><sup>13</sup>C imaging enhanced by polarization transfer (1990)

Carbon-13 NMR imaging has been combined with 1H-13C polarization transfer to improve image quality. Natural-abundance carbon images of Fischer rat bodies were obtained within a few minutes. Next 13C-labeled glucose was administered orally to rats, and spatial distributions of glucose and its derivatives were observed with this technique.
Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles, high-protein distillers dried grains, and corn germ to growing-finishing pigs on pig performance, carcass quality, and the palatability of pork1 (2008)

An experiment was conducted to investigate pig performance, carcass quality, and palatability of pork from pigs fed distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), high-protein distillers dried grains (HPDDG), and corn germ. Eighty-four pigs (initial BW, 22 +/- 1.7 kg) were allotted to 7 dietary treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 2 pigs per pen. Diets were fed for 114 d in a 3-phase program. The control treatment was based on corn and soybean meal. Two treatments were formulated using 10 or 20% DDGS in each phase. Two additional treatments contained HP-DDG in amounts sufficient to substitute for either 50 or 100% of the soybean meal used in the control treatment. An additional 2 treatments contained 5 or 10% corn germ, which was calculated to provide the same amount of fat as 10 or 20% DDGS. Results showed that for the entire experiment, pig performance was not affected by DDGS or HP-DDG, but final BW increased (linear, P < 0.05) as corn germ was included in the diets. Carcass composition and muscle quality were not affected by DDGS, but LM area and LM depth decreased (linear, P < 0.05) as HP-DDG was added to the diets. Lean meat percentage increased and drip loss decreased as corn germ was included in the diets (quadratic, P < 0.05). There was no effect of DDGS on fat quality except that belly firmness decreased (linear, P < 0.05) as dietary DDGS concentration increased. Including HP-DDG or corn germ in the diets did not affect fat quality, except that the iodine value increased (linear, P < 0.05) in pigs fed HP-DDG diets and decreased (linear, P < 0.05) in pigs fed corn germ diets. Cooking loss, shear force, and bacon distortion score were not affected by the inclusion of DDGS, HP-DDG, or corn germ in the diets, and the overall palatability of the bacon and pork chops was not affected by dietary treatment. In conclusion, feeding 20% DDGS or high levels of HP-DDG to growing-finishing pigs did not negatively affect overall pig performance, carcass composition, muscle quality, or palatability but may decrease fat quality. Feeding up to 10% corn germ did not negatively affect pig performance, carcass composition, carcass quality, or pork palatability but increased final BW of the pigs and reduced the iodine value of belly fat.
ENZYMIC AND CEREBRAL METABOLIC EFFECTS OF 2‐DEOXY‐<scp>d</scp>‐GLUCOSE (1973)

Abstract —The time course of effects of 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose on cerebral glucose metabolism has been studied in vivo and the inhibitory actions of 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose and 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose‐6‐phosphate on cerebral glycolytic enzymes in vitro . Mice were given 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 3 g/kg intraperitoneally. Blood 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose/glucose ratio was 2–3 from 5 to 30 min after injection, the hyperglycaemic response to 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose having been suppressed with propranolol. Maximal cerebral 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose uptake observed was 1μ11 μmol/g/min between 5 and 10 min after injection. At 10 min brain concentrations of 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose and 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose‐6‐phosphate were 5·82 and 3·12 μmol/g. Analysis of the fate of d ‐[U‐ 14 C] glucose given subcutaneously 5 min before death showed that glucose uptake was reduced to 40–60 per cent of control from 5 to 30 min after 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose. However brain glucose concentration rose three to five‐fold 20–30 min after 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose. The majority of glucose entering the brain after 10 min of 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose treatment was recovered as glucose. Conversion of brain glucose to other acid soluble components was reduced to 1/3 at 10 min and 1/5 at 20–30 min. Glucose‐6‐phosphate concentration rose from 5 min onwards and was maintained at twice control concentration from 10–30 min. However, because of the rapid entry of 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose and its conversion to 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose‐6‐phosphate, the 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 6‐P/glucose 6‐P ratio was between 19 and 32. Brain adenosine triphosphate concentration did not change, creatine phosphate concentration fell after 25 min. Measurement of enzyme activities in cerebral homogenates (using 1 mivs substrate concentration) showed that hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) was 40 per cent inhibited by 5 m m ‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose (but not by 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 6‐P). Glucose 6‐P dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43) and phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1) were not affected by either 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose (5 m m ) or 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 6‐P (5 or 20 m m ). Hexose‐phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) was 70 per cent inhibited by 20 m m ‐ d ‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 6‐P. Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) was inhibited by 17 per cent by 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose 6‐P (20 m m ). During the initial impairment of cerebral function by 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose there is competitive inhibition of glucose transport into the brain; later, glycolysis is more powerfully depressed by the inhibition of isomerase produced by the high intracerebral concentration of 2‐deoxyglucose‐6‐phosphate.
Image warping for calibration and removal of lens distortion (2002)

A method of estimating and removing the distortion associated with camera lenses used in digital image acquisition is presented. The proposed approach is based on the fact that the projection of a straight line is also a straight line: lines are detected and then warped to optimally fit the line support data to idealized line models. The technique requires little supervision and works on any arbitrary image, thus greatly simplifying the task of calibration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preferred Functionalization of Metallic and Small‐Diameter Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Nucleophilic Addition of Organolithium and ‐Magnesium Compounds Followed by Reoxidation (2007)

Covalent sidewall addition to single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) of a series of organolithium and organomagnesium compounds (nBuLi, tBuLi, EtLi, nHexLi, nBuMgCl, tBuMgCl) followed by reoxidation is reported. The functionalized R(n)-SWNTs were characterized by Raman and NIR emission spectroscopy. The reaction of SWNTs with organolithium and magnesium compounds exhibits pronounced selectivity: in general, metallic tubes are more reactive than semiconducting ones. The reactivity of SWNTs toward the addition of organometallic compounds is inversely proportional to the diameter of the tubes. This was determined simultaneously and independently for both metallic and semiconducting SWNTs. The reactivity also depends on the steric demands of the addend. Binding of the bulky t-butyl addend is less favorable than addition of primary alkyl groups. Significantly, although tBuLi is less reactive than, for example, nBuLi, it is less selective toward the preferred reaction with metallic tubes. This unexpected behavior is explained by fast electron transfer to the metallic SWNTs having low-lying electronic states close to the Fermi level, a competitive initial process. The NIR emission of weakly functionalized semiconducting SWNTs, also reported for the first time, implies interesting applications of functionalized tubes as novel fluorescent reporter molecules.
A conformal nano-adhesive via initiated chemical vapor deposition for microfluidic devices (2008)

A novel high-strength nano-adhesive is demonstrated for fabricating nano- and microfluidic devices. While the traditional plasma sealing methods are specific for sealing glass to poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), the new method is compatible with a wide variety of polymeric and inorganic materials, including flexible substrates. Additionally, the traditional method requires that sealing occur within minutes after the plasma treatment. In contrast, the individual parts treated with the nano-adhesive could be aged for at least three months prior to joining with no measurable deterioration of post-cure adhesive strength. The nano-adhesive is comprised of a complementary pair of polymeric nanolayers. An epoxy-containing polymer, poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) was grown via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) on the substrate containing the channels. A plasma polymerized polyallylamine (PAAm) layer was grown on the opposing flat surface. Both CVD monomers are commercially available. The PGMA nano-adhesive layer displayed conformal coverage over the channels and was firmly tethered to the substrate. Contacting the complementary PGMA and PAAm surfaces, followed by curing at 70 degrees C, resulted in nano- and micro-channel structures. The formation of the covalent tethers between the complementary surfaces produces no gaseous by-products which would need to outgas. The nano-adhesive layers did not flow significantly as a result of curing, allowing the cross-sectional profile of the channel to be maintained. This enabled fabrication of channels with widths as small as 200 nm. Seals able to withstand > 50 psia were fabricated employing many types of substrates, including silicon wafer, glass, quartz, PDMS, polystyrene petri dishes, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and poly(tetrafluoro ethylene) (PTFE).
Silicon Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for photon-starved imaging (2015)

Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GMAPDs) are capable of detecting single photons. They can be operated to directly trigger all-digital circuits, so that detection events are digitally counted or time stamped in each pixel. An imager based on an array of GMAPDs therefore has zero readout noise, enabling quantum-limited sensitivity for photon-starved imaging applications. In this review, we discuss devices developed for 3D imaging, wavefront sensing, and passive imaging.
Semi-GAX cycles for waste heat powered refrigeration [absorption heat pumps] (2002)

Waste heat powered absorption refrigeration is an economical and environmentally beneficial means of providing refrigeration. When the temperature is too low to power a conventional single effect absorption cycle, the double-lift cycle is needed. This paper describes several recently conceptualized double-lift cycles that incorporate internal heat exchange between the intermediate pressure absorber and the high pressure generator (termed semi-GAX). Computer modeling identified their key performance parameters. Compared to conventional double-lift cycles, the semi-GAX cycles enjoy a 20% increase in coefficient of performance, and require less total heat duty, implying lower first cost.