gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Silicon bulk micromachined RF MEMS switches with 3.5 volts operation by using piezoelectric actuator (2004)

In this paper, fully integrated RF MEMS switches with piezoelectric actuation have been designed, fabricated, and characterized by using silicon bulk micromachining technology. Two different types of RF MEMS switches are proposed. One is a resistive type having a pure gold metal contact and the other is a capacitive type, which is comprised of Au/AlN/Au dielectric capacitor. Reliable and reproducible operations of these resistive and capacitive switches can be carried out at 3.5 volts. The measured isolation and insertion loss of the resistive are -62 dB and -0.8 dB switch at a frequency of 5 GHz, respectively. The capacitive switch exhibits an isolation of -18 dB and an insertion loss of -0.7 dB at a frequency of 5 GHz. The isolation curve of the capacitive switch is very flat over a very wide frequency ranged from 0.5 GHz to 30 GHz. The switching times of these switches are 4 /spl mu/sec at the rising and 20 /spl mu/sec at the falling actuation, respectively.
The Membrane-Active Regions of the Hepatitis C Virus E1 and E2 Envelope Glycoproteins (2006)

We have identified the membrane-active regions of the full sequences of the HCV E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins by performing an exhaustive study of membrane leakage, hemifusion, and fusion induced by 18-mer peptide libraries on model membranes having different phospholipid compositions. The data and their comparison have led us to identify different E1 and E2 membrane-active segments which might be implicated in viral membrane fusion, membrane interaction, and/or protein-protein binding. Moreover, it has permitted us to suggest that the fusion peptide might be located in the E1 glycoprotein and, more specifically, the segment comprised by amino acid residues 265-296. The identification of these membrane-active segments from the E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins, as well as their membranotropic propensity, supports their direct role in HCV-mediated membrane fusion, sustains the notion that different segments provide the driving force for the merging of the viral and target cell membranes, and defines those segments as attractive targets for further development of new antiviral compounds.
Cell Type-Specific and Site Directed <i>N</i>-Glycosylation Pattern of FcγRIIIa (2011)

Human leukocyte receptor IIIa (hFcγRIIIa) plays a prominent role in the elimination of tumor cells by antibody-based cancer therapies. In previous studies, a major impact of the presence of carbohydrates at Asn-162 on the binding between the receptor and the Fc part of wild type fucosylated or glycoengineered nonfucosylated antibodies has been shown. In this study, we performed a site directed carbohydrate analysis at hFcγRIIIa derived from human embryonic kidney (HEK) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, respectively. Using mass spectrometry (MS) and a multienzyme protein digest, we analyzed the proteolysis-generated glycopeptides in detail. We could show that hFcγRIIIa expressed by HEK cells was mostly bearing multifucosylated biantennary Asn162-glycans with a major fraction terminating with GalNAc residues replacing the more common Gal. We could demonstrate that the glycan antennae with terminal GalNAc could be sialylated as indicated by a novel reporter ion HexNAcHexNAcNeuAc(+) (m/z 698.28) using a source induced dissociation (SID) scan in the MS cycle. In contrast to the hFcγRIIIa Asn-162 glycosylation pattern from HEK cells, the CHO cells derived receptor contains bi- and triantennary galactosylated and highly sialylated carbohydrates. Our data suggest that the type of expression host system was a dominating factor for formation of distinct glycopatterns of hFcγRIIIa, while the protein sequence and the site of glycosylation remained unchanged for both types of cells. Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) interaction analysis, we show that the cell type and site specific glycosylation pattern of hFcγRIIIa influences its binding behavior to immunoglobulin molecules.
Autonomously Learning an Action Hierarchy Using a Learned Qualitative State Representation (2018)

There has been intense interest in hierarchical reinforcement learning as a way to make Markov decision process planning more tractable, but there has been relatively little work on autonomously learning the hierarchy, especially in continuous domains. In this paper we present a method for learning a hierarchy of actions in a continuous environment. Our approach is to learn a qualitative representation of the continuous environment and then to define actions to reach qualitative states. Our method learns one or more options to perform each action. Each option is learned by first learning a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN). We approach this problem from a developmental robotics perspective. The agent receives no extrinsic reward and has no external direction for what to learn. We evaluate our work using a simulation with realistic physics that consists of a robot playing with blocks at a table.
IFN-gamma inhibits inflammatory cell recruitment and the evolution of bacterial cell wall-induced arthritis (1991)

Localization of streptococcal cell wall Ag (SCW) in the synovial tissue of treated rats induces an influx of leukocytes and a cell-mediated immune response leading to arthritis and joint destruction. Systemic administration of the T cell product, IFN-gamma (10(6) U/kg/day), suppresses the recruitment of leukocytes into the synovium and effectively inhibits the inflammation and pathology characteristic of SCW-induced arthritis (articular index 10.4 +/- 0.6 for SCW vs 2.0 +/- 0.7 for SCW with IFN-gamma, p less than 0.005). Monocyte-macrophages from animals treated with IFN-gamma exhibited defective chemotactic responses when tested in vitro and furthermore, monocytes cultured with IFN-gamma (25 to 500 U/ml) in vitro had significantly suppressed chemotactic responses to the complement fragment C5a (p less than 0.005). The decreased ability to migrate to C5a was associated with decreased binding of fluorochrome-conjugated C5a indicative of reduced expression of C5a receptors. Based on these data, IFN-gamma that induces monocyte maturation as reflected by increased Ia expression conversely inhibits C5a receptor expression. Although locally elevated IFN-gamma levels may serve to inhibit recruitment away from an inflammatory site, systemic exposure to IFN-gamma appears to inhibit leukocyte recruitment to the inflammatory site by its ability to induce premature maturation and concomitant inability to respond to certain chemotactic ligands. Inasmuch as monocyte recruitment to the synovium is pivotal in the development of SCW-induced polyarthritis, the ability of IFN-gamma to inhibit this event effectively inhibits the synovial pathology.
Zernike annular polynomials for imaging systems with annular pupils: errata (1981)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Virendra N. Mahajan, "Zernike annular polynomials for imaging systems with annular pupils: errata," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 1408-1408 (1981) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Computer graphics for large scale two- and three-dimensional analysis of complex geometries (1979)

A comprehensive set of programs have been developed for analysis of complex two- and three-dimensional geometries in the Mechanical Engineering Department of the University of California's Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. State of the art finite element and hydrodynamic codes are being used for the analytical portion of the work. To assist the analytical effort, several additional codes which depend heavily on graphics have been developed. These are basically used for the pre- and post-processing of the data. Prior to running any analysis, the geometry of the body of interest must be represented in the form of small “finite elements”. After the analysis is run, the data must be post-processed. Both spatial and temporal data exist in the database. It is the database between the analysis codes and the post-processors which allows a wide variety of analysis codes to use the same post-processors. The temporal plotting codes produce time histories for specified quantities (i.e. temperature, pressure, velocity, stress, etc.) at various locations within the body. They may also produce cross-plots of these variables (i.e. stress vs strain at a particular position). For plotting of the spatial data two codes are used. The first is for two-dimensional geometries and the second is for three-dimensional models. For three dimensions, the Watkins' hidden surface/line processor is utilized for plots. The spatial plotters will display contour lines on vector output devices and color fringes (or gray values) on raster output devices. They both may also display deformed geometries. Further the three-dimensional code has extensive animation capabilities for movie productions. These graphics codes are used with a wide variety of analyses codes and form a very comprehensive package for the engineering analysis of two- and three-dimensional bodies.
Respiratory muscle fitness and exercise endurance in healthy humans (1998)

New evidence exists that the respiratory muscles may limit exercise performance in healthy humans. Four weeks of isolated respiratory training (30 min normocapnic hyperpnea, 5 d.wk-1 significantly increased the endurance time of respiratory muscles and the endurance time of constant-load bicycle tests in sedentary as well as physically active subjects once respiratory muscles had recovered from the training. Minute ventilation and blood lactate concentration were reduced during post-training exercise. Furthermore, respiratory trained subjects had lost the sensation of breathlessness. Maximal oxygen consumption was not affected by respiratory training. The mechanism by which respiratory training improves overall physical performance is as yet unknown.
CHEMICAL PHYSIOLOGY OF BLOOD FLOW REGULATION BY RED BLOOD CELLS: (2004)

Blood flow in the microcirculation is regulated by physiological oxygen (O2) gradients that are coupled to vasoconstriction or vasodilation, the domain of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity. The mechanism by which the O2 content of blood elicits NO signaling to regulate blood flow, however, is a major unanswered question in vascular biology. While the hemoglobin in red blood cells (RBCs) would appear to be an ideal sensor, conventional wisdom about its chemistry with NO poses a problem for understanding how it could elicit vasodilation. Experiments from several laboratories have, nevertheless, very recently established that RBCs provide a novel NO vasodilator activity in which hemoglobin acts as an O2 sensor and O2-responsive NO signal transducer, thereby regulating both peripheral and pulmonary vascular tone. This article reviews these studies, together with biochemical studies, that illuminate the complexity and adaptive responsiveness of NO reactions with hemoglobin. Evidence for the pivotal role of S-nitroso (SNO) hemoglobin in mediating this response is discussed. Collectively, the reviewed work sets the stage for a new understanding of RBC-derived relaxing activity in auto-regulation of blood flow and O2 delivery and of RBC dysfunction in disorders characterized by tissue O2 deficits, such as sickle cell disease, sepsis, diabetes, and heart failure.
Molecular cloning and functional expression of triterpene synthases from pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i>) (2000)

Ursane type triterpene is one of the most widespread triterpene aglycones found in plants, together with oleanane type, and these two types often occur together in the same plant. Pisum sativum is known to produce both types of triterpenes. Homology based PCRs with degenerate primers designed from the conserved sequences found in the known beta-amyrin synthases have resulted in cloning of two triterpene synthase cDNAs from immature seeds of P. sativum. They show high sequence identities to each other (78%) and also to the known beta-amyrin synthases (70-90%). ORFs of the full-length clones named as PSY (2277 bp, codes for 759 amino acids) and PSM (2295 bp, codes for 765 amino acids) were ligated into the yeast expression vector pYES2 under the control of GAL1 promoter. Heterologous expression in yeast revealed PSY to be a P. sativum beta-amyrin synthase. Surprisingly, however, PSM turned out to be a novel mixed amyrin synthase producing both alpha- and beta-amyrin. Several minor triterpenes were also identified as the PSM byproducts. The presence of such multifunctional triterpene synthase would account for the co-occurence of ursane and oleanane type triterpenes in plants.
Space-Time Block Coding for Uplink Single-Carrier CDMA with Joint Detection in the Frequency Domain (2007)

Single-carrier code-division multiple access (SC-CDMA), also named cyclic-prefix CDMA in the literature, is a promising air interface for the uplink of the 4G cellular wireless communication systems. It enables the high capacity intrinsically offered by CDMA by making the equalization of the multipath channels and the mitigation of the resulting interference possible at a low complexity. This paper proposes a new air interface that combines SC-CDMA with space-time block coding (STBC) across multiple transmit antennas in order to make the link more robust. Contrary to existing air interfaces that perform the STBC at the chip level, making them only applicable to the downlink, the STBC is performed at the symbol level, making it also applicable to the uplink. In order to optimally detect the different antenna and user signals, a linear joint detector optimized according to the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion is designed. By exploiting the cyclic properties of the channel matrices, the complexity of the joint detector is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it is shown analytically that the inter-antenna interference is canceled out at the output of the first stage of the linear MMSE joint detector, consisting of a matched filter. By space-time coding the signal through two antennas at each transmit mobile terminal, a significant gain in signal-to-noise-ratio can be achieved. However, the spatial diversity gain of the proposed system is limited by the multiuser interference (MUI), that is increasing with the user load. Higher complexity non-linear receivers are needed to better compensate the MUI and still benefit from the spatial diversity at high user loads.
Simultaneous Imaging of Proton and Fluorine at Moderate Field (1992)

Simultaneous imaging of proton and fluorine nuclei distributed in a unique sample has been performed by multiplexing the receiver coil's frequency for nmr signal acquisition. Implementation of the technique and modifications of a conventional spectrometer are described for operating at 0.13 T.
Evaluation of Binding and Origins of Specificity of 9-Ethyladenine Imprinted Polymers (1997)

An investigation of 9-ethyladenine (9-EA) imprinted polymers has provided insight into the origins of binding and recognition by imprinted polymers. Porogens and polymerization temperature are important variables during the polymerization. Factors that influence rebinding of the 9-EA imprinted polymer include pH and utilization of the porogen as mobile phase. Finally, quantitative structure−binding relationship studies elicited the substructures of 9-EA primarily responsible for creating the binding sites within the polymers.
Flow Stress Prediction of High-Nb TiAl Alloys under High Temperature Deformation (2012)

In this work, a back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model is conducted to predict the flow behaviors of high-Nb TiAl (TNB) alloys during high temperature deformation. The inputs of the neural network are deformation temperature, log strain rate and strain whereas flow stress is the output. There is a single hidden layer with 7 neutrons in the network, and the weights and bias of the network were optimized by Genetic Algorithm (GA). The comparison result suggests a very good correlation between experimental and predicted data. Besides, the non-experimental flow stress predicted by the network is shown to be in good agreement with the results calculated by three dimensional interpolation, which confirmed a good generalization capability of the proposed network.
Treatment and prevention of acute bleedings in von Willebrand disease – efficacy and safety of Wilate<sup>®</sup>, a new generation von Willebrand factor/factor VIII concentrate (2008)

For many patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), the replacement therapy with von Willebrand factor (VWF)/factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates is the treatment of choice. To evaluate clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of Wilate, an albumin-free VWF/FVIII concentrate with a ratio of the two haemostatic moieties of approximately 1 to 1, a prospective clinical programme has been designed. The dataset on the treatment and prevention of bleedings is derived from 44 patients (20 males and 24 females) of all VWD types. Thousand and ninety five bleeding episodes were treated with an overall efficacy rating of excellent or good in 96%. The median dose per treatment day was 26 IU FVIII:C per kg. Eighty-one per cent of bleeds were stopped within 1 or 2 days. Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds needed higher doses (mean 44 IU kg(-1)) and longer treatment (mean 4 days). Efficacy and dosing data from eight children of 12 or less years of age did not differ significantly from the overall study population. Nineteen patients, including six children, were treated prophylactically for more than 3 months (mean 14.8, range 3-46) with a mean prophylactic dose of 27.4 IU kg(-1) and a mean frequency of 1.9 infusions per week. A drop of bleeding frequency from a mean of 4.5 to 1.4 bleeds per month was observed. The overall tolerability was very good. Adverse drug reactions were rare and were mild or moderate in their intensity. The large prospective clinical dataset shows that Wilate is efficacious and safe in the treatment and prevention of haemorrhages in all VWD types in both adult and paediatric patients.
Effect of theanine on norepinephrine and serotonin levels in rat brain. (1986)

The effects of i.p. administered theanine (L-N-ethylglutamine), a constituent of Japanese green tea, on the levels of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) in the brain of rats with or without coadministration of caffeine were investigated, and compared with those of glutamine.Theanine decreased the NE level, whereas no change was observed with glutamine or caffeine.The decrease of NE induced by theanine was reversed by caffeine. In rats pretreated with pargline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, theanine significantly increased the NE level compared with the control. However, it did not enhance the NE levels increased by caffeine. Thus, theanine may decrease the NE levels by releasing this neurotransmitter.Theanine did not alter the levels of 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in rats pretreated with or without pargyline, indicating that this amide affects neither 5-HT synthesis nor its degradation. Caffeine increased the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in normal rats to similar extents.This effect was depressed by theanine. In rats pretreated with pargyline, the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA were not altered by caffeine, and theanine did not modify the outcome. It may be concluded that the action of theanine is related to the possible inhibition of 5-HT release by caffeine. The effect of glutamine on the levels of 5-HT was somewhat different form that of theanine.
An adaptive process control system based on fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms (2005)

In today's highly competitive economic environment, industries must develop new and innovative control strategies in order to compete in a global market. One such innovative control strategy has led to the development of fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs). However, the performance of FLCs, like that of most other control strategies, can be severely limited by inadequate feedback. Researchers at the US Bureau of Mines have developed an approach in which genetic algorithms (GAs) can be used to enhance otherwise inadequate feedback from industrial systems. GAs are search algorithms based on the mechanics of natural genetics. They rapidly locate near optimum solutions in poorly behaved search spaces such as those associated with the enhancement of controller feedback. The effectiveness of the Bureau's approach is demonstrated using two systems: a physical pH titration system and a simulated chemical processing system.
Amine‐Assisted Delamination of Nb<sub>2</sub>C MXene for Li‐Ion Energy Storage Devices (2015)

2D Nb2CTx MXene flakes are produced using an amine-assisted delamination process. Upon mixing with carbon nanotubes and filtration, freestanding, flexible paper is produced. The latter exhibits high capacity and excellent stability when used as the electrode for Li-ion batteries and capacitors.
Adaptive Road Crack Detection System by Pavement Classification (2011)

This paper presents a road distress detection system involving the phases needed to properly deal with fully automatic road distress assessment. A vehicle equipped with line scan cameras, laser illumination and acquisition HW-SW is used to storage the digital images that will be further processed to identify road cracks. Pre-processing is firstly carried out to both smooth the texture and enhance the linear features. Non-crack features detection is then applied to mask areas of the images with joints, sealed cracks and white painting, that usually generate false positive cracking. A seed-based approach is proposed to deal with road crack detection, combining Multiple Directional Non-Minimum Suppression (MDNMS) with a symmetry check. Seeds are linked by computing the paths with the lowest cost that meet the symmetry restrictions. The whole detection process involves the use of several parameters. A correct setting becomes essential to get optimal results without manual intervention. A fully automatic approach by means of a linear SVM-based classifier ensemble able to distinguish between up to 10 different types of pavement that appear in the Spanish roads is proposed. The optimal feature vector includes different texture-based features. The parameters are then tuned depending on the output provided by the classifier. Regarding non-crack features detection, results show that the introduction of such module reduces the impact of false positives due to non-crack features up to a factor of 2. In addition, the observed performance of the crack detection system is significantly boosted by adapting the parameters to the type of pavement.
Antiplasticizing Behaviors of Glucarate and Lignin Bio‐Based Derivatives on the Properties of Gel‐Spun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers (2018)

Abstract Petrol and biochemical plasticizers are added to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to improve its processability while tuning its moisture sensitivity. But those additives often reduce the mechanical performance of PVA products. In this study, the antiplasticization and properties of PVA containing additives from biorenewable sources are studied. PVA fibers are gel‐spun having up to 3 wt% glucarate salts and 30% lignin. Glucarate lowers the gel melting temperature of PVA and increases fiber draw ratio. Further, glucarate enhances the mechanical performance of PVA beyond that of neat fibers. Interestingly, the combination of lignin and glucarate causes phase separation among fiber—a PVA/glucarate phase as the fiber core and lignin/PVA phase as the fiber shell. Neat PVA partially dissolves in 85 °C water; whereas, fibers containing glucarate and/or lignin resist dissolution. Thus, the combination of glucarate and lignin can induce high strength and moisture resistance, which are desirable industrial fiber properties.