gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD1 Antigen Presentation and Infectious Disease (2002)

Taken together, the data generated thus far strongly suggest that CD1 plays a role in the immune response against various infections (table 1). For obvious reasons, the data gathered thus far using model infection systems have focused primarily on the mouse and therefore only examine the role of CD1d. This leaves an important gap in our understanding of the CD1 antigen presentation pathway given the potential role of CD1a, CD1b and CD1c for contributing to antimicrobial immunity. The functional dichotomy between group 1 and group 2 CD1 isoforms obviously requires further analysis. However, we propose that the group 1 CD1 (CD1a, CD1b, CD1c) antigen presentation pathway is closer to the traditional adaptive immune response mechanisms with the capacity to present unique foreign antigens to specific T cells. This broadens the universe antigens that T cells can use to target pathogens and provides important antimicrobial effector mechanisms that may be critical for combating some types of infections. Lipid antigens may also provide a more effective means of targeting intracellular pathogens by T cells since CD1 is able to sample almost all of the intracellular reservoirs that are exploited by this class of pathogen and may provide an important component of the cytotoxic T cell response [80]. On the other hand, the group 2 CD1 protein (CD1d) may be more intermediate in terms of lying functionally between the innate and adaptive immune systems. The activation of CD1d-restricted T cells may, therefore, help bridge the temporal gap between the onset of innate immunity and the purely adaptive responses typified by the MHC-restricted T cells. Hence, the CD1d-restricted [table: see text] T cells are primed for rapid high-level cytokine release. In addition, the interaction of CD1d-restricted T cells with CD1d on DCs can trigger the release of IL-4 and GM-CSF to promote maturation of tissue-resident DC at the site of infection. The maturation of tissue DC would lead to migration of the activated DC to regional lymph nodes and initiation of MHC-restricted T cell responses. Subsequent IL-12 production by the DC in response to CD1d-mediated T cell stimulation could then drive IFN-gamma production by CD1d-restricted T cells and influence the polarization of the T cell response to infection. In addition, early bursts of IFN-gamma by CD1d-restricted T cells could also upregulate antimicrobial activity in macrophages and activate other important effector cells such as NK cells prior to MHC-restricted T cell responses. In the constant struggle between the microbial pathogen and its host, the evolutionary balance almost always favors the microbe. The rapid rate of evolution and adaptation of the microbe accounts for most of this advantage. Hence, it is not surprising that the host immune system has evolved a complex set of pathways, in addition to the MHC, that are able to recognize and target the unique molecular signatures of infectious microorganisms. The lipid antigens presented by CD1 add to this array and thus provide a further layer of immune defense to the host for combating pathogens.
A miniaturized and flexible optoelectronic sensing system for tactile skin (2007)

This paper describes the development of a hybrid sensing module consisting of a general purpose electro-optical converter and three MEMS force sensors integrated into flexible substrates for tactile skin applications. The features of the converter, namely its flexible and thin substrate and small dimensions, programmability, optical coding and transmission of the information allow this versatile device to host different sensors, locally preprocess signals, translate this diverse information into a 'common language', and transmit it in a parallel, efficient and robust way to the processing unit. After discussing the major technical requirements, the design of the sensing, electrical and optical subsystems is illustrated, as well as the whole process for the module fabrication. A first characterization of a working prototype, hosting three MEMS force sensors and nine independent optical channels was performed. The global performance in terms of sensitivity, bandwidth and spatial sensing resolution make the presented module suitable to be used as basic element of a complete tactile system, conceived for robotic grasping and manipulation. Several solutions for mass production, improved optical properties and more efficient optical transmission are discussed.
Predictive power dispatch through negotiated locational pricing (2010)

A predictive mechanism is proposed in order to reduce price volatility linked to large fluctuations from demand and renewable energy generation in competitive electricity markets. The market participants are modelled as price-elastic units, price-inelastic units, and storage operators. The distributed control algorithm determines prices over a time horizon through a negotiation procedure in order to maximize social welfare while satisfying network constraints. A simple flow allocation method is used to assign responsibility for constraint violations on the network to individual units and a control rule is then used to adjust nodal prices accordingly. Such a framework is appropriate for the inclusion of aggregated household appliances or other `virtual' market participants realized through smart grid infrastructure. Results are examined in detail for a 4-bus network and then success is demonstrated for a densely-populated 39-bus network. Formal convergence requirements are given under a restricted subset of the demonstrated conditions. The scheme is shown to allow storage to reduce price volatility in the presence of fluctuating demand.
Judging Borrowers by the Company They Keep: Friendship Networks and Information Asymmetry in Online Peer-to-Peer Lending (2012)

We study the online market for peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, in which individuals bid on unsecured microloans sought by other individual borrowers. Using a large sample of consummated and failed listings from the largest online P2P lending marketplace, Prosper.com, we find that the online friendships of borrowers act as signals of credit quality. Friendships increase the probability of successful funding, lower interest rates on funded loans, and are associated with lower ex post default rates. The economic effects of friendships show a striking gradation based on the roles and identities of the friends. We discuss the implications of our findings for the disintermediation of financial markets and the design of decentralized electronic markets. This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
Versuchsergebnisse (1970)

Die Versuchsunterlagen wurden bei der Firma L. & C. Steinmüller in Gummersbach hinterlegt.
The Theoretical Sensitivity of Three Types of Rectangular Bimorph Transducers (1953)

The theoretical sensitivity for operation below resonance of three types of rectangular, bimorph transducer elements is derived using the results of elasticity theory. The cases treated are first, the widely used corner-loaded square bimorph; second, the rectangular bimorph simply supported along two sides and uniformly, transversely loaded; and third, the latter loaded only over a strip in its center.
M. L. ANDERSON (1962)

M. L. ANDERSON Get access A. J. A., A. J. A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. D. M. D. D. M. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, Volume 35, Issue 1, 1962, Pages 102–104, https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/35.1.102 Published: 01 April 1962
Examining the role of protein structural dynamics in drug resistance in<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2017)

Antimicrobial resistance represents a growing global health problem. The emergence of novel resistance mechanisms necessitates the development of alternative approaches to investigate the molecular fundamentals of resistance, leading ultimately to new strategies for counteracting them. To gain deeper insight into antibiotic-target interactions, the binding of the frontline anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid (INH) to a target enzyme, InhA, from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> was studied using ultrafast two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy and molecular simulations. Comparing wild-type InhA with a series of single point mutations, it was found that binding of the INH-NAD inhibitor to susceptible forms of the enzyme increased the vibrational coupling between residues located in the Rossmann fold co-factor binding site of InhA and suppressed dynamic fluctuations of the enzyme structure. The effect correlated with biochemical assay data, being reduced in the INH-resistant S94A mutant and absent in the biochemically-inactive P193A control. Molecular dynamics simulations and calculations of inter-residue couplings indicate that the changes in coupling and dynamics are not localised to the co-factor binding site, but permeate much of the protein. We thus propose that the resistant S94A mutation circumvents subtle changes in global structural dynamics caused by INH upon binding to the wild-type enzyme that may impact upon the formation of important protein-protein complexes in the fatty acid synthase pathway of <i>M. tuberculosis</i>.
Fast and reliable detection of power islands using transient signals (2009)

A new technique for fast detection of power islands in a distribution network, which uses transient signals generated during the islanding event is investigated. Performance comparison of several pattern recognition techniques in classifying the transient generating events as islanding or non-islanding is presented. Features for the classifiers are extracted using the Discrete Wavelet Transform of current signal transients. Using a set of extracted features from simulated current signals, (i) a decision tree classifier, (ii) a probabilistic neural network classifier, and (iii) a support vector machine classifier were trained for recognizing the transient patterns originating from the islanding events. The trained classifiers were then tested with unseen test current waveforms. The test results demonstrated that the investigated technique can potentially provide a new way for identification of islanding in distribution systems. The approach was then extended changing the feature set and sampling frequency. Proposed method is finally compared with an existing islanding detection technique.
Perceptual considerations in a low bit rate sinusoidal vocoder (1990)

An approach to coding the parameters of a harmonic sinusoidal model which incorporates error spectrum shaping in order to improve the subjective quality of the speech coded at low bit rates is presented. It is shown that the sinusoidal model formulation is very well suited to representing speech signals and provides knowledge of pertinent time-varying characteristics of speech, such as pitch and short-time spectral information, which is useful for speech coding. The model also has a particularly simple form which lends itself easily to analysis and includes an envelope signal which separately models syllabic volume changes, enhancing the performance of the model. The analysis procedure presented provides greater accuracy than other techniques, resulting in higher quality synthetic and coded speech. In addition, as more components are added, the synthetic speech signal is guaranteed to converge to the original speech signal. Using perceptual factors in coding the parameters of this model yields considerable improvement in the overall subjective performance of the coder.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Illustrated Step-by-Step Description of the Anis Dry Extracapsular Cataract Extraction Technique with In-the-Bag Lens Implantation (1986)

(1986). Illustrated Step-by-Step Description of the Anis Dry Extracapsular Cataract Extraction Technique with In-the-Bag Lens Implantation. Seminars in Ophthalmology: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 113-129.
GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF THE GIANT GLOSSIPHONIID LEECH<i>HAEMENTERIA GHILIANII</i> (1981)

A continuously breeding laboratory colony of the giant leech Haementeria ghilianii has been established from a few specimens collected in French Guyana. The leeches feed on live rabbits or bovine blood, which they draw from an artifical feeding device. Leech growth is saltatory, in that at each of four successive feedings, spaced over about half a year, the weight of each specimen increases 3- to 6-fold. The male reproductive system of this hermaphroditic leech matures first, at a body weight of 3-5 g. The female reproductive system matures after at least one more feeding, at a body weight of at least 8 g. Fecundity (number of eggs per laying) depends on the weight of the leech at the time of oviposition, increasing from 60 for the smallest mature individuals to 500 for the largest. These data on the growth and reproduction of H. ghilianii gathered under laboratory conditions are consistent with its probable life cycle in the native habitat.
Two New Rating Scales for Opiate Withdrawal (1987)

Two new rating scales for measuring the signs and symptoms of opiate withdrawal are presented. The Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) contains 16 symptoms whose intensity the patient rates on a scale of 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). The Objective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (OOWS) contains 13 physically observable signs, rated present or absent, based on a timed period of observation of the patient by a rater. Opiate abusers admitted to a detoxification ward had significantly higher scores on the SOWS and OOWS before receiving methadone as compared to after receiving methadone for 2 days. Opiate abusers seeking treatment were challenged either with placebo or with 0.4 mg naloxone. Postchallenge SOWS and OOWS scores were significantly higher than prechallenge scores in the naloxone but not the placebo group. We have demonstrated good interrater reliability for the OOWS and good intrasubject reliability over time for both scales in controls and in patients on a methadone maintenance program. These scales are demonstrated to be valid and reliable indicators of the severity of the opiate withdrawal syndrome over a wide range of common signs and symptoms.
An efficient DC root solving algorithm with guaranteed convergence for analog integrated CMOS circuits (1998)

The paper describes a new DC modeling methodology applicable to CMOS integrated circuits. It is named operating point driven DC formulation because the operating point is specified directly, and the device dimensions W and L are determined out of it. With other methods, one specifies the device dimensions W and L and determines the operating point. Our method is important for manual design because it allows the designer to reason in terms of voltages and currents and relieves him from the burden of determining device sizes. The algorithm is guaranteed to converge, and is computationally efficient, which allows interactive design space exploration using optimization based sizing. A design plan used in optimization based sizing consists for the largest part out of solving the DC part. Speeding up the DC part with a computationally efficient algorithm that allows parallelisation, results in a boost of optimization speed.
High efficiency coding of light field images based on tiling and pseudo-temporal data arrangement (2016)

Digital light fields are obtained by sampling of huge number of light rays, capturing the colour intensity of a whole visual scene from different view angles. The large amount of data that is necessary to represent a light field requires highly efficient compression methods to store and exchange such type of signals. This paper presents a light field coding scheme based on a low-complexity preprocessing approach that generates a pseudo-video sequence suitable for standard compression using HEVC. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is evaluated using a data set of twelve light field images and low-delay B HEVC coding configuration. The R-D performance obtained by the proposed scheme is consistently better than JPEG, revealing significantly higher gains, particularly for higher compression ratios.
Designing Green Networks and Network Operations (2011)

In recent years, socio-political trends toward environmental responsibility and the pressing need to reduce Run-the-Engine (RTE) costs have resulted in the concept of Green IT. Although a significant amount of energy is used to operate routing, switching, and transmission equipment, comparatively less attention has been paid to Green Networking. A
Identification and Characterization of Cannabinoids That Induce Cell Death through Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Cannabis Leaf Cells (2007)

Cannabinoids are secondary metabolites stored in capitate-sessile glands on leaves of Cannabis sativa. We discovered that cell death is induced in the leaf tissues exposed to cannabinoid resin secreted from the glands, and identified cannabichromenic acid (CBCA) and Delta(1)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) as unique cell death mediators from the resin. These cannabinoids effectively induced cell death in the leaf cells or suspension-cultured cells of C. sativa, whereas pretreatment with the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitor cyclosporin A suppressed this cell death response. Examinations using isolated mitochondria demonstrated that CBCA and THCA mediate opening of MPT pores without requiring Ca(2+) and other cytosolic factors, resulting in high amplitude mitochondrial swelling, release of mitochondrial proteins (cytochrome c and nuclease), and irreversible loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Therefore, CBCA and THCA are considered to cause serious damage to mitochondria through MPT. The mitochondrial damage was also confirmed by a marked decrease of ATP level in cannabinoid-treated suspension cells. These features are in good accord with those of necrotic cell death, whereas DNA degradation was also observed in cannabinoid-mediated cell death. However, the DNA degradation was catalyzed by nuclease(s) released from mitochondria during MPT, indicating that this reaction was not induced via a caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of the DNA degradation only slightly blocked the cell death induced by cannabinoids. Based on these results, we conclude that CBCA and THCA have the ability to induce necrotic cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction in the leaf cells of C. sativa.
Valve repair in rheumatic mitral disease. (1991)

Emerging evidence indicates that etiology plays an essential role in the results of mitral valve repair. In an attempt to evaluate the possibilities and problems of repair in a rheumatic population, all consecutive patients treated between July 1988 and July 1990 were reviewed. Three hundred and four patients at risk of undergoing a repair were studied. The mean age was 31.3 years. In 78 patients (25.6%) the valve was considered beyond repair and immediately replaced (MVR). In 26 patients (8.5%) an unsuccessful attempt at repair was followed by replacement (attempts), and 200 (65.7%) underwent a successful repair (repair). The repair group was younger (p less than 0.001) and had less tricuspid involvement (p less than 0.005). The repair rate was highest in regurgitant lesions (79.4% repaired, p less than 0.005). The attempts group was very similar to the MVR group. The total hospital mortality was 3.2%. For MVR it was 3.8%, for attempts 19.2%, and for repairs 1.0%. The incidence of embolism was 3.34%/patient/yr for the mechanical, 3.06%/patient/yr for bioprosthesis, and 2.19%/patient/yr for repairs. Only 7.5% of repairs were anticoagulated. A reoperation was needed in 26 patients: one for bioprosthesis, one for aortic repair failure, and 24 for mitral repair dysfunction (12.1% of all surviving repairs). The reoperation incidence after repair was 26.8% in patients with an age under 20 years and 4.5% in those over 20. Eight patients had active carditis and 10 severe hemolysis. There were eight late deaths (six prosthesis and two repairs), with an actuarial total survival at 30 months of 72.46 +/- 8.45% for prosthesis and 94.41 +/- 3.74% for repairs (p less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[The study of vascular lesion using ultrasound in children with a history of Kawasaki disease]. (2007)

There were endothelial dysfunction and increased systemic arterial stiffness and IMT late after the acute phase of Kawasaki disease. flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, carotid artery stiffness index combined carotid intima-media thickness can evaluated completely the prognosis of vascular lesion in convalescence after KD.
Recursive quadratically constrained least squares bias-free IIR system identification via variable loading (2003)

Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters have very attractive properties. They can more accurately mimic the impulse response of a linear system than a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter with smaller number of coefficients. The cost function based on the Equation Error (EE) criterion has a global minimum for the IIR adaptive system identification. However, the solution found by minimizing the Mean Square Equation Error (MSEE) is biased and the bias increases with the power of the noise in the observed output signal. In this paper, a recursive algorithm based on the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) implementation of the EE criterion with a quadratic constraint is presented to get a fast algorithm without bias. A recursion method called variable loading is embedded into the RLS update equations with the constraint to adapt the coefficients of the denominator resulting in a simple recursive algorithm. The speed of convergence is increased considerably without bias.
Image Indexing using Spatial Multi-Resolution Color Correlogram (2007)

Color correlograms are efficiently used for image indexing in content-based image retrieval. Color correlogram extracts not only the color distribution of pixels in images like color histogram, but also extracts the spatial information of pixels in the images. The characteristic of the color correlogram to take into account the spatial information as well as the distribution of color pixels greatly attracts the researcher for content based image retrieval. Even though, a single correlogram is not enough for efficient and robust image retrieval system. In this paper, we propose the use of color correlogram on multiresolution images. The multiresolution color correlogram gives much better retrieval efficiency, but with higher computations. The multiresolution images are generated using the median filters.
The role of motilin in periodic interdigestive pancreatic secretion in dogs. (1984)

The role of motilin in the periodic interdigestive secretion of the pancreas was studied in conscious dogs, each with a chronic gastric fistula, a Heidenhain pouch and a Thomas duodenal fistula. Motilin increased pancreatic water, bicarbonate and protein secretion and the motility of the stomach, duodenum and Heidenhain pouch in a manner which closely resembles the spontaneous changes which occur during interdigestive activity. Endogenous motilin released by duodenal alkalinization had the same effect as exogenous hormone. Continuous infusion of motilin did not cause continuous pancreatic secretion and gut motility but merely shortened the interval of the periodic interdigestive activity. Exogenous and endogenous motilin were ineffective following atropine. Hexamethonium abolished the pancreatic and duodenal peaks but not the changes in gastric and pouch motility induced by motilin or duodenal alkalinization.