gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of a Microfluidic System for Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Two-Stage Embossing Technique and Solvent Welding on Poly(methyl methacrylate) with Water as a Sacrificial Layer (2008)

Methods for fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate) microchips using a novel two-stage embossing technique and solvent welding to form microchannels in microfluidic devices are presented. The hot embossing method involves a two-stage process to create the final microchip design. In its simplest form, a mold made of aluminum is fabricated using CNC machining to create the desired microchannel design. In this work, two polymer substrates with different glass transition temperatures (Tg), polyetherimide (PEI) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), were used to make the reusable secondary master and the final chip. First, the aluminum mold was used to emboss the PEI, a polymeric substrate with Tg approximately 216 degrees C. The embossed PEI was then used as a secondary mold for embossing PMMA, a polymeric substrate with a lower Tg ( approximately 105 degrees C). The resulting PMMA substrate possessed the same features as those of the aluminum mold. Successful feature transfer from the aluminum mold to the PMMA substrate was verified by profilometry. Bonding of the embossed layer and a blank PMMA layer to generate the microchip was achieved by solvent welding. The embossed piece was first filled with water that formed a solid sacrificial layer when frozen. The ice layer prevented channel deformation when the welding solvent (dichloroethane) was applied between the two chips during bonding. Electrophoretic separations of fluorescent dyes, rhodamine B (Rh B) and fluorescein (FL), were performed on PMMA microchips to demonstrate the feasibility of the fabrication process for microreplication of useful devices for separations. The PMMA micro-chip was tested under an electric field strength of 705 V cm-1. Separations of the test mixture of Rh B and FL generated 55 500 and 66 300 theoretical plates/meter, respectively.
In-amplifier mid-infrared supercontinuum generation (2015)

Mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation from 2.6 to 4.1 μm is demonstrated in a single-mode erbium-doped fluoride glass fiber amplifier pumped at 976 nm and seeded by an optical parametric generation (OPG) source emitting 400 ps pulses at 2.75 μm. Up to 82% of the SC power is generated beyond 3 μm. This novel and simple in-amplifier SC generation approach is promising for the development of compact and efficient sources operating in the mid-infrared, especially in the 3-5 μm band.
Discovery of Aptamers Targeting the Receptor-Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein (2020)

The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or 2019-nCoV) as a global pandemic. However, the mechanisms behind the coronavirus infection are not yet fully understood, nor are there any targeted treatments or vaccines. In this study, we identified high-binding-affinity aptamers targeting SARS-CoV-2 RBD, using an ACE2 competition-based aptamer selection strategy and a machine learning screening algorithm. The <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> values of the optimized CoV2-RBD-1C and CoV2-RBD-4C aptamers against RBD were 5.8 nM and 19.9 nM, respectively. Simulated interaction modeling, along with competitive experiments, suggests that two aptamers may have partially identical binding sites at ACE2 on SARS-CoV-2 RBD. These aptamers present an opportunity for generating new probes for recognition of SARS-CoV-2 and could provide assistance in the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 while providing a new tool for in-depth study of the mechanisms behind the coronavirus infection.
Einleitung (2010)

Die letzten Jahre standen im Zeichen einer enormen Dynamisierung der ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen von Printmedienunternehmen. Die Globalisierung der Märkte, sinkende Auflagen, der Einbruch von Anzeigenumsätzen und parallel dazu vehemente Digitalisierungsstrategien von Printmedien mit einer starken Ausrichtung auf neue Geschäftsfelder wie Online- bzw. Mobile-Bereiche als Antwort auf die Konvergenz der sog. TIME-Branche prägen die Landschaft der Printmedien. Diese Herausforderungen verlangen konsequenterweise auch eine entsprechende Konfiguration des über Jahrzehnte gewachsenen Wertschöpfungsprozesses von Printmedien und einen Anpassungsprozess daran.
In SCID-hu Mice, Passive Transfer of a Humanized Antibody Prevents Infection and Atrophic Change of Medulla in Human Thymic Implant due to Intravenous Inoculation of Primary HIV-1 Isolate (1998)

Using SCID-hu mice, it was tested whether humanized mAb Rmu5.5 could prevent infection by HIV-1 i.v. inoculation. The Ab that recognizes the IHIGPGRAFYT motif in the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of HIV(MN), as well as the original mouse mAb mu5.5, neutralized HIV(MN) with high activity. Seven primary field isolates from Japanese hemophiliacs seropositive for HIV-1 clade B were compared for their reactivities to Rmu5.5. Rmu5.5 was effective, particularly against the viruses that matched amino acid sequences of the PND region of HIV-1, and it completely neutralized primary isolates. Moreover, the passive transfer of the Ab elicited protection against challenge by the primary isolates in SCID-hu or hu-PBL-SCID mice after i.v. inoculation with the virus by both quantitative PCR and PBMC-based virus isolation in vitro. Further, inoculation with the Ab also prevented the atrophic change in the medulla of the thymic transplant that was induced by i.v. inoculation of the virus. Thus, the humanized neutralizing Ab Rmu5.5 appears to protect SCID-hu mice from infection by primary field isolates.
Projection-based statistical analysis of full-chip leakage power with non-log-normal distributions (2006)

In this paper we propose a novel projection-based algorithm to estimate the full-chip leakage power with consideration of both inter-die and intra-die process variations.Unlike many traditional approaches that rely on log-Normal approximations, the proposed algorithm applies a novel projection method to extract a low-rank quadratic model of the logarithm of the full-chip leakage current and, therefore, is not limited to log-Normal distributions.By exploring the underlying sparse structure of the problem, an efficient algorithm is developed to extract the non-log-Normal leakage distribution with linear computational complexity in circuit size.In addition, an incremental analysis algorithm is proposed to quickly update the leakage distribution after changes to a circuit are made.Our numerical examples in a commercial 90nm CMOS process demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides 4x error reduction compared with the previously proposed log-Normal approximations, while achieving orders of magnitude more efficiency than a Monte Carlo analysis with 10 4 samples.
Composition and properties of concrete (1956)

A THOROUGH REVISION OF A SUCCESSFULLY USED TEXT, THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED FOR BOTH ADVANCED UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE COURSES IN PLAIN CONCRETE. THE MOST IMPORTANT FEATURE IN THIS EDITION IS THE UP-TO-DATE EXPLANATION OF THE CHEMISTRY OF CEMENT AND HOW ITS COMPOSITION AFFECTS THE MANY CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT. IT CONTAINS ADDITIONAL MATERIAL ON LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETES USED IN STRUCTURES AND HEAVYWEIGHT CONCRETES USE AS RADIATION SHIELDS. NEW TYPES OF MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT AND ADMIXT1RES, CEMENTS, AND VARIOUS PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. PART I SYNTHESIZES MODERN KNOWLEDGE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT AND CONCRETE. THIS INFORMATION SERVES AS A GUIDE TO PRACTICING ENGINEER IN SELECTING AND USING CEMENT, FINE AGGREGATE, COARSE AGGREGATE, AND ADMINXTURES FOR A SPECIFIC STRUCTURE. IT COVERS THE PROPORTIONING AND MIXING OF THESE MATERIALS PLUS THE PLACING AND CURING OF THE CONCRETE TO PRODUCE A FINISHED PRODUCT OF SUITABLE AND PREDICTABLE QUALITY AND ECONOMY. PART II CONSISTS OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR LABORATORY TESTS. /AUTHOR/
Pennyroyal Oil Poisoning and Hepatotoxicity (1979)

PENNYROYAL oil has been used in folklore medicine for many years as an abortifacient and as a means to induce menstruation.<sup>1</sup>Herbal medicine books currently in health food stores mention its use as an abortifacient and recommend its use for various minor ailments. We report two recent cases of pennyroyal oil ingestion for the purpose of abortion. One of these cases resulted in shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), massive hepatic nercrosis, and death. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> An 18-year-old girl came to the Denver General Hospital emergency department on Nov 15,1978, with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and vascilating between lethargy and agitation. She gave a history of having ingested two one-half ounce bottles of pennyroyal oil two hours earlier to abort a suspected pregnancy. She was very depressed, and the ingestion could also have been a suicide attempt. She had drunk pennyroyal tea made from the leaves of
Designing the properties of dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fibers (2001)

We present a systematic study of group-velocity-dispersion properties in photonic crystal fibers (PCF's). This analysis includes a thorough description of the dependence of the fiber geometrical dispersion on the structural parameters of a PCF. The interplay between material dispersion and geometrical dispersion allows us to established a well-defined procedure to design specific predetermined dispersion profiles. We focus on flattened, or even ultraflattened, dispersion behaviors both in the telecommunication window (around 1.55 microm) and in the Ti-Za laser wavelength range (around 0.8 microm}. We show the different possibilities of obtaining normal, anomalous, and zero dispersion curves in the above frequency domains and discuss the limits for the existence of the above dispersion profiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II) Complexes with New Tridentate Ligands Containing P, N, O Donor Atoms: Highly Efficient Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones by Propan‐2‐ol. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Competitive displacement of mutans streptococci and inhibition of tooth decay by Streptococcus salivarius TOVE-R (1985)

The ability of Streptococcus salivarius TOVE-R to displace virulent representatives of the most prevalent human mutans streptococci from the teeth of rats, and thereby to inhibit caries, was studied. Streptococcus mutans 10449S- or Streptococcus sobrinus 6715-13WT-infected specific-pathogen-free rats consuming a high-sucrose diet were inoculated by TOVE-R. The infectants were differentially recovered from swabs of the teeth over the time course of infection and from sonically treated material of extracted teeth and excised tongues. Despite initial colonization of the teeth by the mutans streptococci, TOVE-R colonized the teeth, unlike other essentially nonvirulent plaque formers already described. It did not colonize the tongues of the rats. TOVE-R emerged and persisted as a prominent member of the plaque ecology. There was an associated decline in the mutans streptococci on the teeth, and this decline was associated with significant inhibition of the caries component attributable to 10449S infection (56%) and to 6715-13WT infection (52%). TOVE-R did not reliably inhibit the component of fissure caries attributable to the nonmutans indigenous flora of the rats. TOVE-R itself induced no detectable decay. The data suggest the potential therapeutic utility of TOVE-R to inhibit caries by displacement of mutans streptococci from the teeth. These results supplement the already reported ability of TOVE-R to preempt initial colonization of teeth by the mutans streptococci.
Akt-dependent Phosphorylation of p27Kip1Promotes Binding to 14-3-3 and Cytoplasmic Localization (2002)

In many human cancers, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) is expressed at low or undetectable levels. The decreased p27(Kip1) expression allows cyclin-dependent kinase activity to cause cells to enter into S phase and correlates with poor patient survival. Inhibition of serine/threonine kinase Akt signaling by some pharmacological agents or by PTEN induces G(1) arrest, in part by up-regulating p27(Kip1). However, the role of Akt-dependent phosphorylation in p27(Kip1) regulation is not clear. Here, we show that Akt bound directly to and phosphorylated p27(Kip1). Screening p27(Kip1) phosphorylation sites identified the COOH-terminal Thr(198) residue as a novel site. Further analysis revealed that 14-3-3 proteins bound to p27(Kip1) through Thr(198) only when it was phosphorylated by Akt. Although Akt also phosphorylated p27(Kip1) at Ser(10) and Thr(187), these two sites were not involved in the binding to 14-3-3 proteins. p27(Kip1) phosphorylated at Thr(198) exists only in the cytoplasm. Therefore, Akt promotes cell-cycle progression through the mechanisms of phosphorylation-dependent 14-3-3 binding to p27(Kip1) and cytoplasmic localization.
Factors affecting the fermentative production of a lysozyme-binding antibody fragment inEscherichia coli (1997)

Fed-batch fermentation for production of a single-chain Fv antibody fragment (scFv) expressed as a recombinant periplastic protein from Escherichia coli was investigated. A high cell density of 50 g dry cell weight per liter was routinely achieved in a 14-L vessel by controlled exponential feeding of glucose to impose a constant specific growth rate. Following biomass accumulation, induction of the tac promoter by addition of IPTG was accompaied by a linear feed of yeast extract. The concentration of yeast extract feed was found to be highly influential upon both concentration and location of active product. Although scFv fragments were specifically targeted to the periplasmic space, at yeast extract feed rates of 0.72 g/h the final location was largely extracellular (68% to 79%). Total concentrations (extracellular + periplasmic) were of the order of 5 to 8 mg/L. A ten-fold increase in yeast extract supply increased total scFv concentration to almost 200 mg/L and 78% of this yield was retained in the periplasm. Control of such leakage of the recombinant product is fundamental to process design of downstream operations for product recovery.
Evolution in Domain Model-Based Requirements Engineering for Control Systems Development (2009)

When developing software-based control systems, knowledge and experiences in the relevant domain are of great importance. Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are most active here need to capture requirements under severe time and costs pressures. In previous work we have shown that a domain model based on the requirements formalism i* accelerates the requirements capture. Furthermore, the domain model-based similarity search supports the detection of reusable components from earlier projects. But due to the innovativeness, flexibility, and customer-orientation of control systems development, this domain model is subject to continuous change. Within this paper, we investigate the effects of model evolution on our domain model-based requirements engineering approach. Building on examples from industrial practice, we develop a classification of possible domain model modifications. For each such class, we analyze its impact on the similarity search and derive appropriate counter measures to limit these harmful impacts.
Low-Cost HIV-1 Diagnosis and Quantification in Dried Blood Spots by Real Time PCR (2009)

The accuracy, reliability, genotype inclusivity and affordability, along with the small volumes of blood required for the assay suggest that the rtLC DBS assay will be useful for early diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric HIV-1 infection in resource-limited settings.
Challenges for simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal in microbial aggregates: mass transfer limitation and nitrous oxide production (2004)

The microbial community composition and activity was investigated in aggregates from a lab-scale bioreactor, in which nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal occurred simultaneously. The biomass was highly enriched for polyphosphate accumulating organisms facilitating complete removal of phosphorus from the bulk liquid; however, some inorganic nitrogen still remained at the end of the reactor cycle. This was ascribed to incomplete coupling of nitrification and denitrification causing NO(3)(-) accumulation. After 2 h of aeration, denitrification was dependent on the activity of nitrifying bacteria facilitating the formation of anoxic zones in the aggregates; hence, denitrification could not occur without simultaneous nitrification towards the end of the reactor cycle. Nitrous oxide was identified as a product of denitrification, when based on stored PHA as carbon source. This observation is of critical importance to the outlook of applying PHA-driven denitrification in activated sludge processes.
Regulation of synapsin I gene expression by the zinc finger transcription factor zif268/egr-1. (1994)

zif268/egr-1 is an immediate early response gene that is involved in regulation of growth and differentiation. Its mRNA encodes a sequence-specific transcriptional activator containing three zinc fingers that act as the DNA-binding domain. Although zif268/egr-1 is expressed in the nervous system during neuronal excitation, no target gene has yet been identified. Here we report that the zif268/egr-1 protein bound in vitro to two sites in the proximal regulatory region of the human synapsin I gene. The zif268/egr-1 protein was also shown to stimulate transcription from this control region in transactivation assays. Additionally, the presence of a putative neural-restrictive silencer element next to one of the zif268/egr-1-binding sites interfered with transactivation in a tissue-independent manner. An analysis of the temporal expression pattern of zif268/egr-1 and synapsin I during neuronal differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells revealed that zif268/egr-1 mRNA was induced on day 5 and synapsin I mRNA on day 8 after retinoic acid treatment. From this data we conclude that the synapsin I gene is a target of the zif268 transcription factor; however, intermediate factors may also be involved in the activation.
An Extended Disjunctive Normal Form Approach for Optimizing Recursive Logic Queries in Loosely Coupled Environments (1987)

We present an approach to processing logic queries in loosely coupled environments. We emphasize the importance of the loose coupling technique as a practkal solution to provide deductive capabiities to existing DBMS+especially when an efficient access to a very large database is required in the. process of inferencing. We propose the Extended Disjunctive Normal Form (EDNF) as the basis of our approach. The EDNF is an extension of the disjunctive normal form of relational algebra expressions so as to include recursion. The EDNF is well suited for a loosely coupled environment, where an existing DBMS and optimiition can be fully exploited. It also serves as a clear, graphical characterixation of various recursions that can occur in logic queries. We first present the basic form of the EDNF and then use it as a building block to process a more general class of queries. We extend valid usage of Clark% negation-as-failure evaluation technique to incorporate negation for most practical situations. We also propose new criteria for safety and termination in the presence of negation. To the extent of the authors’ knowledge, optimixation in loosely coupled environments has not been seriously addressed in previous research. We believe our technique provides significant progress in this dhection.
The Compressibility of the Resin Solid Feed Bed in Extrusion (1988)

Essais de compressibilite sur de la poudre de terephtalate de polyethylene et de la poudre et des pastilles de polyethylene basse densite
Strategies for the Analysis of Repeated and Multiple Measures Designs (1979)

Abstract Differentiation is made relative to repeated and multiple measure analyses. A flowchart is provided to help the researcher determine the appropriate analysis for the design of interest. Conservative tests and a multivariate approach are suggested for repeated measures designs. For designs with multiple dependent measures, the following suggestions are provided: rank reduction, Bonferroni approach, and MANOVA. Post hoc tests are also suggested once a significant multivariate F is obtained. The post hoc tests are univariate F tests, two-group breakdown, simultaneous confidence intervals, discriminant analysis, step-down analysis, and contrasts on the classification variable. It is suggested that inclusion of these more appropriate analyses will increase the internal validity of research published in the Research Quarterly.
Analyzing capacity of BIM tools to support data use across project lifecycle (2009)

The lifecycle of a building project, from design through inception and facility management, comprises multiple project management processes where data and information are defined and generated. This information is often only developed and stored in a format and at a level of detail sufficient for the process that it was created, leading to the reworking of information to support later project processes. In order to support processes throughout the project lifecycle, there needs to be a method of structuring and storing information that takes into account information needs at later project processes. This paper examines the use of BIM tools and the methods used to record, recall, manipulate, and generate information to support processes through the project lifecycle. The benefit of a structured information system based upon process information needs is explored as to how it can enhance the use of information within a BIM to support lifecycle processes.
Propagation, Inactivation, and Safety Testing of SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

In late 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, the capital of the Chinese province Hubei. Since then, SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for a worldwide pandemic resulting in over 4 million infections and over 250,000 deaths. The pandemic has instigated widespread research related to SARS-CoV-2 and the disease that it causes, COVID-19. Research into this new virus will be facilitated by the availability of clearly described and effective procedures that enable the propagation and quantification of infectious virus. As work with the virus is recommended to be performed at biosafety level 3, validated methods to effectively inactivate the virus to enable the safe study of RNA, DNA, and protein from infected cells are also needed. Here, we report methods used to grow SARS-CoV-2 in multiple cell lines and to measure virus infectivity by plaque assay using either agarose or microcrystalline cellulose as an overlay as well as a SARS-CoV-2 specific focus forming assay. We also demonstrate effective inactivation by TRIzol, 10% neutral buffered formalin, beta propiolactone, and heat.