gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Monocytes Recognize Porcine Endothelium via the Interaction of Galectin 3 and α-GAL (2006)

Monocytes are one of the key inflammatory cells recruited to xenografts and play an important role in delayed xenograft rejection. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of monocytes to bind to the major xenoantigen Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R; however, the receptor that mediates this interaction has yet to be identified. We provide evidence that it is Galectin-3, a approximately 30-kDa lectin that recognizes beta-galactosides (Gal-beta(1-3/4)GlcNAc) and plays diverse roles in many physiological and pathological events. Human monocyte binding is strikingly increased on porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC), which express high levels of Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R, compared with human aortic endothelial cells. Human monocytes obtained from healthy donors bind to Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R at variable intensities. This variation of binding intensity was consistent and reproducible in individual donors. Galectin-3 is mainly expressed in human monocytes, not lymphocytes. Purified Galectin-3 is able to bind directly to Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R. Galectin-3 can also be affinity isolated from monocytes (and not lymphocytes) using an Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R-biotin/streptavidin-bead pull-down system. Soluble Galectin-3 binds preferentially to PAEC vs human aortic endothelial cells, and this binding can be inhibited by lactose, indicating dependence on the carbohydrate recognition domain of Galectin-3. Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R is at least partly responsible for this phenomenon, as binding decreased after digestion of PAEC with alpha-galactosidase. Furthermore, monocytes pretreated with a blocking anti-Galectin-3 Ab show decreased adhesion to PAEC when compared with isotype control in a parallel plate flow chamber perfusion assay. Thus, we conclude that Galectin-3 expressed in human monocytes is a receptor for the major xenoantigen (Gal-alpha(1,3)Gal-beta(1,4)GlcNAc-R), expressed on porcine endothelial cells.
An Integrated Performance Model Information Systems Projects (2002)

This study makes an initial attempt to validate an integrated, theoretically driven performance model of information systems (IS) projects. IS project performance is defined in terms of task, psychological, and organizational outcomes. We draw upon different theoretical perspectives including IS, organizational teams, and project management to link six categories of variables to IS project performance: technology characteristics, project characteristics, task characteristics, people characteristics, organizational characteristics, and work processes. Data collected via a field survey of IS project leaders in 84 manufacturing organizations were used to test the proposed model. Support is found for three conclusions: (1) IS project performance is a multidimensional construct, (2)certain preconditions falling into the above categories have to exist to achieve a high performing IS project, and (3) there is a possible cross-relationship among the variables studied by IS research, organizational teams research, and project management research. We discuss the implications of this study for future research and managerial practice.
Technique of Positioning Data Preceding and Map Matching in Navigation System for Vehicle (2003)

This paper analyzes the given source of GPS errors and puts forward processing methods. The map matching algorism, the fusion of the road data in digital map and the positioning data given by GPS can effectively improve the positioning accuracy in navigating system for vehicle. On the basis of the analysis to some map matching algorisms, a utility map matching method is proposed in the paper, and is tested in practice.
Mechanisms of NF- <i>κ</i> B Activation by the HTLV Type 1 Tax Protein (2000)

The Tax protein encoded by the human T cell leukemia virus type I virus (HTLV-1) activates the expression of both viral genes and cellular genes involved in T lymphocyte growth and proliferation. One of the critical cellular pathways activated by Tax is NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB is normally sequestered in the cytoplasm, bound to a family of inhibitory proteins known as I-kappaB. In contrast to the transient activation of the NF-kappaB pathway seen in response to cytokines, Tax results in constitutive nuclear levels of NF-kappaB. Tax activation of the NF-kappaB pathway is mediated by its ability to enhance the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of I-kappaB. The persistent activation of the NF-kappaB pathway by Tax is believed to be one of the major events involved in HTLV-1-mediated cellular transformation of T lymphocytes. This review summarizes data exploring the role of Tax in activating the NF-kappaB pathway and discusses our studies to determine the mechanism by which Tax activates the NF-kappaB pathway.
Approximate computing for efficient information processing (2014)

The gap created due to diminishing benefits from technology scaling on the one hand, and projected growth in computing demand from future workloads on the other, leads to a need for new sources of computing efficiency. Fortunately, the workloads that are driving demand across the computing spectrum also present new opportunities. At the server end, the demand for computing is driven by the need to organize, analyze, interpret, and search through exploding digital data. In mobile devices and deeply embedded systems, the creation and consumption of richer media and the need to interact more naturally and intelligently with users and the environment are trends that drive much of the computing demand.
Surface vibration analysis (SVA): a new non-invasive monitor of gastrointestinal activity. (1989)

A computerised system for measurement of vibration at the abdominal surface was constructed which was addressed to the evaluation of gastrointestinal (GI) motor function. Preliminary studies revealed a dominant low frequency signal which was synchronous with the heartbeat and was considered representative of aortic pulsation. This was excluded by selective spectral filtration. The remaining signal was processed and measured by computer, with provision of quantitative energy values as well as of graphic display. The developed method, called surface vibration analysis (SVA) has been evaluated clinically; (a) against oral to caecal transit times (OCCT) of a standard solid meal, in five patients with severe postgastrectomy diarrhoea, seven patients with mild idiopathic diarrhoea and 22 healthy volunteers. (b) against prokinetic effects of a gastrointestinal stimulant (cisapride) in nine patients. In (a) postprandial SVA energy measurements were greater (SVA [*X (SEM)] = 406,933 (98,224] and oral to caecal transit of the solid meal was more rapid (OCTT = *90 (29) min) in the severe diarrhoea patients [postgastrectomy] than either the mild diarrhoea group (*SVA = 235,317 (50,780); *OCTT = *199 (42) min) or normal volunteers (*SVA = 212,062 (27,153); *OCTT = 242 (19) min) [p less than 0.01 for SVA and OCTT]. In the total group, an inverse correlation was observed between quantitative SVA energy values and oral to caecal transit times of solids (Spearman's rho = -0.486; p less than 0.01). In (b), drug stimulation of the GI tract caused an increase of fasting SVA measurements from *21,217 (5956) [before] to *41,937 (9606) [after] intravenous cisapride (p less than 0.05). This new technique may be useful for evaluation of gastrointestinal motor activity.
Resonant multiphoton optogalvanic detection of atomic oxygen in flames (1983)

Atomic oxygen has been detected in flames using resonant multiphoton optogalvanic spectroscopy, with an estimated sensitivity of a few parts per million.
Zirconium and Hafnium Separation, Part 2. Solid/Liquid Extraction in Hydrochloric Acid Aqueous Solution with Anion Exchange Resins (2006)

Abstract Sorption behavior of zirconium and hafnium on different commercial anion exchange resins with different amine functions; ammonium (Amberjet 4200Cl), pyridine (PVP) and pyridinium (HPQ) was investigated in hydrochloric acid by both batch and column methods. Experiments were studied as a function of the concentration of hydrochloric acid. For all resins, zirconium was preferably extracted. The highest separation factors at equilibrium conditions were obtained by poly(vinyl‐pyridine) (PVP) with a hydrochloric acid concentration of 9.5 M. It was observed that a single contact of the loaded resins with pure water completely back extracted the metal ions from the resins. On the basis of the significant difference between distribution coefficients of Zr and Hf, the separation was performed on a glass column (25×160 mm), packed with the resin. The breakthrough curves showed a competitive sorption and desorption process between Zr and Hf for the three resins studied.
HfOx-Based RRAM Cells with Fully CMOS Compatible Technology (2012)

In this work, different HfOX-based RRAM stacks, involving n + -Si, NiSi or Ni(Ge1-XSiX) bottom electrode which can be easily integrated with source/drain of a transistor, are systematically investigated. It has been found that the involvement of Ni (or NiOx formed) in the stack is very beneficial to good switching properties. More importantly, RESET current can be effectively reduced for silicide electrodes as compared with n + -Si case, attributed to the formation of thicker interfacial layer involving NiOX and/or GeOX. Also, a well-controlled interfacial layer is found to be very helpful for the switching uniformity improvement. At the end, a highly manufacturable process with the above-mentioned RRAM cells localized at the bottom of a contact hole is proposed, suggesting the prospect of a more compact and CMOS friendly 1T-1R integration scheme.
Application of gold complexes in the development of sensors for volatile organic compounds (2007)

Two different kinds of sensors have been developed by using the same kind of vapochromic complexes. The vapochromic materials [Au2Ag2(C6F5)4L2]n have different colours depending on the ligand L. These materials change, reversibly, their optical properties, colour and fluorescence, in the presence of the vapours of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). For practical applications, two different ways of fixing the vapochromic material to the optical fibre have been used: the sol-gel technique and the electrostatic self-assembly method (ESA). With the first technique the sensors can even be used to detect VOCs in aqueous solutions, and using the second method it has been possible to develop nanosensors.
Estimating motion from MRI data (2003)

INVITED PAPER: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an ideal imaging modality to measure blood flow and tissue motion. It provides excellent contrast between soft tissues, and images can be acquired at positions and orientations freely defined by the user. From a temporal sequence of MR images, boundaries and edges of tissues can be tracked by image processing techniques. Additionally, MRI permits the source of the image signal to be manipulated. For example, temporary magnetic tags displaying a pattern of variable brightness may be placed in the object using MR saturation techniques, giving the user a known pattern to detect for motion tracking. The MRI signal is a modulated complex quantity, being derived from a rotating magnetic field in the form of an induced current. Well-defined patterns can also be introduced into the phase of the magnetization, and could be thought of as generalized tags. If the phase of each pixel is preserved during image reconstruction, relative phase shifts can be used to directly encode displacement, velocity and acceleration. New methods for modeling motion fields from MRI have now found application in cardiovascular and other soft tissue imaging. In this review, we shall describe the methods used for encoding, imaging, and modeling motion fields with MRI.
Removing Iron Sulfide Scale: A Novel Approach (2010)

Abstract Iron sulfide is a common scale-formation in sour-gas wells that restricts tubular diameter, reducing well productivity. Compared to other scales, iron sulfide has unique risks associated with chemical removal. For example, due to the corrosiveness of hydrochloric acid (the most common chemical agent for both sulfide and carbonate scale removal), damage to the completion metallurgy at elevated temperature limits its applicability. Another main concern related to the use of acid for iron sulfide removal is the rapid generation of H2S byproduct and the risks associated with production of this toxic gas to the surface. Owing to H2S toxicity and the resultant elevated corrosion risk, new chemical solutions are needed for high-temperature FeS scale dissolution with low H2S generation. This study describes the development and characterization of a powerful noncorrosive solution for iron sulfide removal based on a chelating agent. Testing shows the fluid dissolution capacity under varied temperatures, scale-surface area, treatment fluid volume, and exposure time. Tests are also included showing the comparative benefits in dissolution capacity compared to other commercially used products such as diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS). Finally, the mild-pH of the new chemical solution provides significantly lower corrosion rate. This work describes an altogether new family of chemicals for sulfide scale, providing high dissolution capacity, low corrosion rates, and limited generation of toxic H2S.
Refining Architectures of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (2016)

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently evinced immense success for various image recognition tasks [11, 27]. However, a question of paramount importance is somewhat unanswered in deep learning research - is the selected CNN optimal for the dataset in terms of accuracy and model size? In this paper, we intend to answer this question and introduce a novel strategy that alters the architecture of a given CNN for a specified dataset, to potentially enhance the original accuracy while possibly reducing the model size. We use two operations for architecture refinement, viz. stretching and symmetrical splitting. Stretching increases the number of hidden units (nodes) in a given CNN layer, while a symmetrical split of say K between two layers separates the input and output channels into K equal groups, and connects only the corresponding input-output channel groups. Our procedure starts with a pre-trained CNN for a given dataset, and optimally decides the stretch and split factors across the network to refine the architecture. We empirically demonstrate the necessity of the two operations. We evaluate our approach on two natural scenes attributes datasets, SUN Attributes [16] and CAMIT-NSAD [20], with architectures of GoogleNet and VGG-11, that are quite contrasting in their construction. We justify our choice of datasets, and show that they are interestingly distinct from each other, and together pose a challenge to our architectural refinement algorithm. Our results substantiate the usefulness of the proposed method.
A VLSI implementation of variation-free PUF-based processor for RFID applications (2013)

The Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) has been presented to defend physical attacks for RFID authentication. The silicon PUF employs difference of gate and wire delays on silicon chip to protect hardware copies of RFID. Because of the process variation in IC manufacturing, each silicon chip has different delays for gates and wires and, thus, the PUF-based encryption on each chip has different output even though the logic design is the same as the others. Research has been focusing on low-cost PUF implementation with a chain of logic blocks. However, some operating variations such as power-supply voltage and temperature variations might cause the failure of authentication. This paper presents a variation-free PUF-based processor with error control coding (ECC) technology. We used the ECC encoder to generate parity code for variation compensation. Therefore, our chip can generate a variation-free PUF encryption for RFID application. The chip is implemented by TSMC 0.18um CMOS process. As shown in the results, the chip area is as small as 0.83 mm^2 and its power dissipation is 87 uW.
A distributed framework for mining financial data (2012)

Financial institutions are struggling with the challenges of managing and analyzing large dataset, especially if the dataset are accessed and shared among various subsidiaries from different location. These existing organizations, in the past, often employed a centralized control over their dataset as a way to curb data integrity and data solidarity. In this instance, a central processing unit, often a single machine, could consume all resources, else not affording to process the data altogether. To solve these incumbent problems, distributed computing techniques are being introduced to improve the efficiency of data processing. In this project, we present a framework to distribute processing resources for data mining tool, i.e. to provide the ability to distribute the processes, over a cloud software stack using open source tools and platforms. As a conclusion to this framework, we discussed the open source tools and platforms along with our preliminary investigation results.
Incorporation of deoxynucleotides into DNA by diethylaminoethyldextran-treated lymphocytes (1977)

<p>Following our two previous publications on material synthesis and on ex situ characterization, we present an experimental in situ study to evaluate the effects of using gas diffusion layers with patterned wettability at the cathode side of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The operando performance was assessed using traditional electrochemical diagnostics (such as polarization curves) combined with the pulsed gas analysis (PGA) method, which allows measuring the mass transport losses. Neutron radiography was performed simultaneously in order to image the water distribution during operation. Using this methodology, the effects of changing the pattern, including a microporous layer (MPL), and varying the operation conditions (temperature and relative humidity of the cathode gas) have been systematically evaluated. It has been confirmed that water redistributes according to the engineered pattern and that the power density is significantly increased thanks to reduced mass transport losses under various conditions.</p>
Nontuberculous mycobacteria in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1992)

Among 139 children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at Children's Hospital of New Jersey, 20 had positive cultures for non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Eighty-five percent had Mycobacterium avium complex isolated and 70% had definite evidence of disseminated disease. Ninety-three percent had CD4 lymphocyte counts less than 100 cells/mm3 and 95% had met acquired immunodeficiency syndrome criteria before the time of first positive culture. Clinical findings included failure to gain weight, anorexia, fever, abdominal pain/tenderness and anemia. The median age at onset of symptoms was 46 months and the median time between onset of symptoms and positive culture was 9 months. Outcome for patients with positive cultures for nontuberculous mycobacteria was poor, with 75% of the children surviving for less than or equal to 10 months. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly important causes of morbidity and indirect mortality in human immunodeficiency-infected children. Children with severe immunodeficiency are at particular risk. In addition to M. avium complex, other species of nontuberculous mycobacteria may be involved.
Role of the Bcl-2 gene family in prostate cancer progression and its implications for therapeutic intervention. (1999)

Prostate cancer (PC) is an escalating health burden in the western world. A large number of patients still present with extraprostatic (i.e., T3/T4, N0, M0/M1 or any T category and M1 disease or involved lymph nodes) and therefore incurable disease. Since the work of Huggins in 1940, there have been no major therapeutic advances and androgen ablation remains the best treatment option for extraprostatic androgen-responsive PC. Eighty to ninety percent of PC patients respond well to this form of treatment initially. After a median time of approximately 2 years, however, relapse to an androgen-independent (AI) state occurs, followed by death after a further median 6 months. Androgen ablation is rarely curative. The major molecular defect in extraprostatic and AI PC is the inability of PC cells to initiate apoptosis in response to a variety of stimuli, including different forms of androgen ablation and cytotoxic agents. The balance between cellular proliferation and cell death is regulated by multiple genes or families of genes through the cell cycle. The exact mechanisms governing this intricate and complex process are as yet not fully understood. One family of genes involved in cell survival/death control is the Bcl-2 gene family, which consists of homologous proteins that function to regulate distal and crucial commitment steps of the apoptotic pathway. The Bcl-2 family constitutes both agonists and antagonists of apoptosis that function at least in part through protein-protein interactions between various members of the family. The final outcome depends on the relative ratio of death agonists and antagonists. Bcl-2 expression has been closely associated with the AI phenotype of PC. Cytotoxic chemotherapy may be used as palliative therapy in AI PC but has not been found effective. Most chemotherapeutic cytotoxic agents induce apoptosis in cancer cells by direct and indirect action on the cell cycle. In vitro and in vivo studies have established that Bcl-2 expression confers an antiapoptotic activity against androgen withdrawal and cytotoxic chemotherapy. It thus offers a tempting potential target for therapeutic manipulations of PC.
Assimilation of Precipitable Water Measurements into a Mesoscale Numerical Model (1993)

Significant progress has been made over the past decade in the development of remote-sensing instruments to profile wind and temperature. However, the current technology of profiling water vapor remotely is still far from perfect. Although some promising optical research systems, such as the Raman lidar, can provide high vertical resolution profiles of water vapor, it may be years before they are generally available. Currently, there are several systems that can measure the vertically integrated water vapor (i.e., precipitable water) with a high degree of accuracy. In this paper we use a simple method to assimilate precipitable water measurements (possibly from a network of dual-channel ground-based microwave radiometers or a satellite-based system) into a mesoscale model. The basic idea is to relax the predicted precipitable water toward the observed value, while retaining the vertical structure of the model humidity field. We test this method with the special 3-h soundings available from the Severe Environmental Storms and Mesoscale Experiment. The results show that the assimilation of precipitable water into a mesoscale model recovers the vertical structure of water vapor with an accuracy much higher than that from statistical retrieval based on climatology. The improved analysis due to assimilation also leads to improved short-range precipitation forecasts.