gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemerin enhances insulin signaling and potentiates insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes (2008)

To explore a novel adipokine, we screened adipocyte differentiation-related gene and found that TIG2/chemerin was strongly induced during the adipocyte differentiation. Chemerin was secreted by the mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes and expressed abundantly in adipose tissue in vivo as recently described. Intriguingly, the expression of chemerin was differently regulated in the liver and adipose tissue in db/db mice. In addition, serum chemerin concentration was decreased in db/db mice. Chemerin and its receptor/ChemR23 were expressed in mature adipocytes, suggesting its function in autocrine/paracrine fashion. Finally, chemerin potentiated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake concomitant with enhanced insulin signaling in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These data establish that chemerin is a novel adipokine that regulates adipocyte function.
Has Our Understanding of Calcification in Human Coronary Atherosclerosis Progressed? (2014)

Coronary artery calcification is a well-established predictor of future cardiac events; however, it is not a predictor of unstable plaque. The intimal calcification of the atherosclerotic plaques may begin with smooth muscle cell apoptosis and release of matrix vesicles and is almost always seen microscopically in pathological intimal thickening, which appears as microcalcification (≥0.5 μm, typically <15 μm in diameter). Calcification increases with macrophage infiltration into the lipid pool in early fibroatheroma where they undergo apoptosis and release matrix vesicles. The confluence of calcified areas involves extracellular matrix and the necrotic core, which can be identified by radiography as speckled (≤2 mm) or fragmented (>2, <5 mm) calcification. The calcification in thin-cap fibroatheromas and plaque rupture is generally less than what is observed in stable plaques and is usually speckled or fragmented. Fragmented calcification spreads into the surrounding collagen-rich matrix forming calcified sheets, the hallmarks of fibrocalcific plaques. The calcified sheets may break into nodules with fibrin deposition, and when accompanied by luminal protrusion, it is associated with thrombosis. Calcification is highest in fibrocalcific plaques followed by healed plaque rupture and is the least in erosion and pathological intimal thickening. The extent of calcification is greater in men than in women especially in the premenopausal period and is also greater in whites compared with blacks. The mechanisms of intimal calcification remain poorly understood in humans. Calcification often occurs in the presence of apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and macrophages with matrix vesicles accompanied by expression of osteogenic markers within the vessel wall.
Margin of Safety Definition and Examples Used in Safety Basis Documents and the USQ Process (2016)

The Nuclear Safety Management final rule, 10 CFR 830, provides an undefined term, margin of safety (MOS). Safe harbors listed in 10 CFR 830, Table 2, such as DOE-STD-3009 use but do not define the term. This lack of definition has created the need for the definition. This paper provides a definition of MOS and documents examples of MOS as applied in a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) approved safety basis for an existing nuclear facility. If we understand what MOS looks like regarding Technical Safety Requirements (TSR) parameters, then it helps us compare against other parameters that do not involve a MOS. This paper also documents parameters that are not MOS. These criteria could be used to determine if an MOS exists in safety basis documents. This paper helps DOE, including the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and its contractors responsible for the safety basis improve safety basis documents and the unreviewed safety question (USQ) process with respect to MOS.
Synthesis of core–shell acrylic–polyurethane hybrid latex as binder of aqueous pigment inks for digital inkjet printing (2012)

Acrylic–polyurethane (PUA) hybrid aqueous emulsion with core–shell structure was prepared via semibatch emulsion copolymerization of the acrylate monomers (AC) in the presence of a commercial polyurethane dispersion as seeds. The core–shell structure of the emulsion was observed by TEM. The particle size and distribution of the emulsion was found to vary drastically with the core–shell ratio. The thermal response properties of emulsion films were measured by DSC, and the results indicated the good compatibility between PA and PU moieties in PUA hybrids. The chemical structures of emulsion films were studied by FTIR, and the surface properties were tested by contact angle measurement. The results supported the idea that the surface of the cast films was rich in polyurethane component. The water resistance of the cast films became better by increasing the AC fraction. The rheological properties of the latex and its utilization as a binder for aqueous pigment inks of digital inkjet printing were thoroughly investigated, indicating that the prepared hybrid emulsion could be used safely for aqueous pigment inks of digital ink jet printing.
Effects of pore and differential pressure on compressional wave velocity and quality factor in Berea and Michigan sandstones (1997)

Abstract Compressional-wave velocity (V p ) and quality factor (Q p ) have been measured in Berea and Michigan sandstones as a function of confining pressure (P c ) to 55 MPa and pore pressure (P p ) to 35 MPa. V p values are lower in the poorly cemented, finer grained, and microcracked Berea sandstone. Q p values are affected to a lesser extent by the microstructural differences. A directional dependence of Q p is observed in both sandstones and can be related to pore alignment with pressure. V p anisotropy is observed only in Berea sandstone. V p and Q p increase with both increasing differential pressure (P d = P c -P p ) and increasing P p . The effect of P p on Q p is greater at higher P d . The results suggest that the effective stress coefficient, a measure of pore space deformation, for both V p and Q p is less than 1 and decreases with increasing P d .
Lymphokine-activated killer cells: culture conditions for the generation of maximal in vitro cytotoxicity in cells from normal donors. (1987)

The current method for generating lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells for use in human clinical trials is both labor intensive and expensive. Therefore, we altered cell culture conditions to determine whether LAK cells with enhanced lytic activity could be generated. Culture of normal human peripheral blood leukocytes for 7 days generated LAK cells with 4-fold more lytic activity than culture for 3 days. Although cell viability over this 7-day period dropped from 94% on Day 3 to 73% by Day 7, the recovery of cells from culture increased from 61 to 106%. If cells were exposed to CO2, lytic activity was further enhanced by up to 30-fold. Culture at a density of 1 or 2.5 X 10(6) cells/ml caused no difference in cell viability, recovery, or LAK activity when cells were cultured for up to 4 days; however, when cells were cultured for longer times, an initial density of 1 X 10(6) cells/ml yielded maximal LAK activity. Several commercially available serum-free defined media as well as human serum albumin supported LAK cell activation comparable to serum-containing media over a 4-day culture period. One defined medium, AIM V, supported LAK cell activation over a 7-day period even when cells were cultured at a density twice as high (2 X 10(6) cells/ml) as cells cultured in serum-containing medium. The results demonstrate that simple manipulation of human LAK cell culture conditions generates cells with greatly enhanced lytic activity and that serum-containing medium may not be necessary for generating LAK cells under the current clinical protocols.
Performance Evaluation of the Computer Network Dynamic Congestion Table Algorthm (1984)

A comparison of the performance of the Dynamic Congestion Table (DCT) Algorithm, a computer network congestion control algorithm's delay table entry generation subalgorithm, is made here with a Pascal implementation of the present ARPANET SPF Algorithm (infinite buffer). The parameters of global throughput, delay, and power versus load are evaluated for 10 and 20 node sections of the ARPANET, using M/M/1 service and imterarrival distributions for the computer node (IMP) buffer to obtain computer node mean waiting time. The communication processor and channel delays are determined by the respective probabilistically weighted computer node mean waiting time. Point to point message path delays in the computer network are modeled by the repetitive occurrence of these three component delays in each path. The mathematical structure of two Moore Probabilistic Automatons (MPA) represents the three basic computer network component delays in each path. The probability values of the entries of each of the component MPA are converted to delay entries by the queueing theory node buffer delay computation. The end to end path delay is obtained from a cascaded MPA probability transition matrix, i.e., the multiplication of the individual computer network component MPA matrices. The DCT Algorithm is topology independent and therefore applicable to all centralized and distributed store and forward computer networks. The results indicate higher global throughput and lower global delay for a given load, and significant storage reduction using the DCT Algorithm computation compared to the current ARPANET SPF routing algorithm delay measurement technique.
Exacerbation of Established Collagen‐Induced Arthritis in Mice Treated with An Anti—T Cell Receptor Antibody (1994)

The present results support the concept that alpha/beta T cells, in general, may play a regulatory role in the clinical course of murine CIA after disease onset. Therefore, caution is recommended when using intensive T cell-targeted therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Formation of Very Thin Anodic Oxide of InSb (1983)

An anodic oxide of InSb has been formed under a constant voltage to control thickness. It is found that the anodic oxide can be voltage-controlled up to 350 Å with a very good optical flatness and up to 500 Å if a small roughness is allowed. The surface roughness of the oxide increases drastically with increasing thickness. The transport number of oxygen ions in the oxide during anodization may be assumed to be 1 at least up to 750 Å.
Mujer y género en la Prehistoria y Protohistoria de Murcia (2008)

A lo largo de investigaciones se ha encontrado muestras evidentes de la importancia de la mujer prehistorica y protohistorica en la Region de Murcia.
Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Human Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA): Quantitation of Free tPA in Human Cell Cultures by an ELISA (1991)

Seven murine monoclonal antibodies produced against tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) were evaluated by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELJSAs), and their effects on the enzymatic activities of tPA towards a synthetic substrate (S-2288) and plasminogen were investigated. One of the antibodies, TPA1-70, strongly inhibited the enzymatic activity of tPA in a fibrin agarose plate assay, while it did not affect the enzymatic activity towards the synthetic substrate or plasminogen. The antibody is directed to an epitope on the B-chain of tPA, which is necessary for the formation of a ternary complex of tPA, fibrin and plasminogen, but probably not to the active site. Another antibody, TPA2-14, partially inhibited the enzymatic activities of tPA towards the synthetic substrate and plasminogen, but it was not able to bind to the inactive tPA complexed with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The antibody is directed to an epitope on the second kringle region, which is probably one of the PAI-1 binding sites. This property of the antibody enabled us to develop an ELISA for selective quantitation of free tPA in culture media conditioned with several human cell lines. The results indicate that tPA in these media exists either partially or almost entirely in a complex with PAI-1.
Analysis of electrical conduction in the grain consolidation model (1987)

Abstract In the grain consolidation model the diagenetic processes of compaction and cementation are represented in terms of the growth of an array of originally spherical grains. Grain growth toward the nodes of the pore space leads to an electrical formation factor F(phi ) that increases slowly as the porosity phi decreases. By contrast, grain growth toward the throats of the pore space leads to a rapidly increasing F(phi ). In all the cases we have examined, the value of the percolation threshold, phi c is less than 0.055. Network simulation techniques have been developed to calculate the electrical conductivity of the ordered versions of the grain consolidation model. We find that the minimum-area approximation employed in our earlier work is generally quite satisfactory. The network techniques can also be used to model the effects of mixed pore-space fluid saturation, with results that are physically reasonable although not necessarily in agreement with empirical rules regarding saturation.
Development of tactile sensor for detecting contact force and slip (2005)

In this paper, a fingertip tactile sensor is presented which can detect contact normal force as well as incipient slip. The sensor, based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and pressure variable resistor ink, is physically flexible enough to be deformed into any three-dimensional geometry. In order to detect incipient slip, a PVDF strip is arranged along the direction normal to the surface of the finger of the robot hand. Also, a thin flexible sensor to sense the static force as well as the contact location, is fabricated into an arrayed type using pressure variable resistor ink. In addition, a tactile sensing system is developed with miniaturized electronic hardware such as charge amplifier, signal processing unit etc., and it feasibility is validated experimentally.
A Two-Stage Masked LM Method for Term Set Expansion (2020)

We tackle the task of Term Set Expansion (TSE): given a small seed set of example terms from a semantic class, finding more members of that class. The task is of great practical utility, and also of theoretical utility as it requires generalization from few examples. Previous approaches to the TSE task can be characterized as either distributional or pattern-based. We harness the power of neural masked language models (MLM) and propose a novel TSE algorithm, which combines the pattern-based and distributional approaches. Due to the small size of the seed set, fine-tuning methods are not effective, calling for more creative use of the MLM. The gist of the idea is to use the MLM to first mine for informative patterns with respect to the seed set, and then to obtain more members of the seed class by generalizing these patterns. Our method outperforms stateof-the-art TSE algorithms. Implementation is available at:
High-temperature superconductivity (2003)

The widely held notion that high-temperature superconductivity originates in the cuprate-planes is proven to be faulty. In the cuprates such as YBa2Cu3O7, we argue that the superconductivity resides in the BaO layers. This superconductivity is s-wave, not d-wave, in the bulk. The trio of ruthenate compounds, doped Sr2YRuO6, GdSr2Cu2RuO8, and Gd2-zCe zSr2Cu2RuO10 all superconduct in their SrO layers, which is why they have almost the same ~49 K onset temperatures for superconductivity.
High-throughput Methods for Measuring Autoantibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and other Autoimmune Diseases (2004)

Numerous groups have now validated high-throughput approaches to autoantibody profiling in a variety of systems. Recently, we have used autoantigen microarray technology to identify distinct autoantibody profiles in H-2 congenic MRL/lpr mice (Sekine et al., manuscript in preparation), and we are expanding this platform to study human and mouse models of IDDM and RA. We are also developing protein arrays for multiplex analysis of serum antibody isotypes. Multiplexed methods for autoantibody profiling will undoubtedly continue to uncover novel aspects of autoimmunity and B cell biology. It is now time to move these technologies beyond the proof-of-concept phase, and start addressing the next series of important questions. These include, but certainly are not limited to: identifying "autoantibody signatures" associated with disease state or outcome; profiling autoantibodies during the natural course of murine and human disease; and monitoring changes in autoantibody profiles of patients in response to therapeutic intervention. However, the next set of challenges is just right around the corner. As data and statistical analysis tools become more robust, it will be possible to generate and approach new hypotheses at an unprecedented pace.
Evaluating HDR rendering algorithms (2007)

A series of three experiments has been performed to test both the preference and accuracy of high dynamic-range (HDR) rendering algorithms in digital photography application. The goal was to develop a methodology for testing a wide variety of previously published tone-mapping algorithms for overall preference and rendering accuracy. A number of algorithms were chosen and evaluated first in a paired-comparison experiment for overall image preference. A rating-scale experiment was then designed for further investigation of individual image attributes that make up overall image preference. This was designed to identify the correlations between image attributes and the overall preference results obtained from the first experiments. In a third experiment, three real-world scenes with a diversity of dynamic range and spatial configuration were designed and captured to evaluate seven HDR rendering algorithms for both of their preference and accuracy performance by comparing the appearance of the physical scenes and the corresponding tone-mapped images directly. In this series of experiments, a modified Durand and Dorsey's bilateral filter technique consistently performed well for both preference and accuracy, suggesting that it is a good candidate for a common algorithm that could be included in future HDR algorithm testing evaluations. The results of these experiments provide insight for understanding of perceptual HDR image rendering and should aid in design strategies for spatial processing and tone mapping. The results indicate ways to improve and design more robust rendering algorithms for general HDR scenes in the future. Moreover, the purpose of this research was not simply to find out the “best” algorithms, but rather to find a more general psychophysical experiment based methodology to evaluate HDR image-rendering algorithms. This paper provides an overview of the many issues involved in an experimental framework that can be used for these evaluations.
Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets:MIB-II (1991)

This memo defines the second version of the Management Information Base (MIB-II) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP- based internets. In particular, together with its companion memos which describe the structure of management information (RFC 1155) along with the network management protocol (RFC 1157) for TCP/IP- based internets, these documents provide a simple, workable architecture and system for managing TCP/IP-based internets and in particular the Internet community.
Cytotoxicity of a Novel Anti-ICAM-1 Immunotoxin on Human Myeloma Cell Lines (1993)

We have generated a murine monoclonal antibody (UV3) which recognizes an epitope on ICAM-1 expressed on myeloma cells. By flow cytometric analysis, the epitope on ICAM-1 recognized by this antibody is strongly expressed on human myeloma cells, pre-B leukemia cells and Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. Most human T cell lines are weakly positive. The antibody does not react with red blood cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or resting B lymphocytes from normal donors, and reacts very weakly with resting T cells. Immunohistochemical assays indicate that the antibody does not react with normal liver, kidney, heart, brain, thymus or lung. An immunotoxin (IT) was prepared by coupling UV3 to deglycosylated ricin A-chain (dgA). In protein synthesis inhibition assays it was highly cytotoxic to the human myeloma cell lines HS-SULTAN (IC50 = 1 x 10(-11)M) and ARH-77 (IC50 = 9 x 10(-11)M), but not to cell lines of T cell lineage or most cell lines of the B lineage. Our results suggest that the UV3-dgA may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of human multiple myeloma.
High power intracavity second harmonic generation in vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers at 1060nm (2006)

To be added
A radical approach to handwritten Chinese character recognition using active handwriting models (2005)

This paper applies active handwriting models (AHM) to handwritten Chinese character recognition. Exploiting active shape models (ASM), the AHM can capture the handwriting variation from character skeletons. The AHM has the following characteristics: principal component analysis is applied to capture variations caused by handwriting, an energy functional on the basis of chamfer distance transform is introduced as a criterion to fit the model to a target character skeleton, and the dynamic tunneling algorithm (DTA) is incorporated with gradient descent to search for shape parameters. The AHM is used within a radical approach to handwritten Chinese characters recognition, which converts the complex pattern recognition problem to recognizing a small set of primitive structures-radicals. Our initial experiments are conducted on 98 radicals covering 1400 loosely-constrained Chinese character categories written by 200 different writers. The correct matching rate is 94.2% on these 2.8/spl times/10/sup 5/ characters. Comparison with existing radical approaches shows that our method achieves superior performance.
New results in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of breast cancer using a recently developed SVM/GRNN Oracle hybrid (2004)

Breast cancer is second only to lung cancer as a tumor-related cause of death in women. Currently, the method of choice for the early detection of breast cancer is mammography. While sensitive to the detection of non palpable breast lesions, its positive predictive value (PPV) is low, resulting in biopsies that are only 15%-34% likely to reveal malignancy. This paper explores the use of a recently designed Support Vector Machine (SVM)/Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) Oracle hybrid to classify breast lesions and evaluate the software's performance as an interpretive aid to radiologists. The main objective of the research was to perform an independent analysis, using a new, integrated film screen mammogram data base of approximately 2500 cases from five separate institutions, to verify results obtained previously[14]. This study demonstrated the following: (1) The DE crossover constant has little, if any, effect on measures of performance (MOP). (2) A specificity of approximately 5.6% is achieved at 100% sensitivity, which increases to approximately 36% at 95% sensitivity. (3) PPV increases from 51% to 56% as sensitivity is decreased from 100 to 95%, respectively.