gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the process of handing over an object and its application to robot motions (2002)

The interaction of humans and robots is a new problem. One strategy for generating smooth robot motions is to follow the interaction between humans. In this paper, we analyzed the process of handing over an object from one human to another and discussed the possible application of the obtained characteristics to the motions of a one-dimensional robot handing over an object to a human. First, the trajectories of the "hander" and "receiver," and the handing over point in the motion of passing an object from one human to another was analyzed. Second, we proposed an application of the obtained human characteristics for robot motion with regard to the velocity pattern and the handing over point. The effectiveness of the proposed applications was confirmed by the psychological evaluations.
Effects of 13<i>cis</i>-Retinoic Acid on Growth and Differentiation of Human Follicular Carcinoma Cells (UCLA RO 82 W-l)<i>in Vitro</i> (1990)

Dedifferentiation of human thyroid tumors is frequently found in humans. The effect of retinoids (13 cis-RA) was studied on the proliferation and differentiation of a human follicular cell line in vitro (UCLA R0 82 W-1). A significant and dose-dependent reduction (P less than 0.001) in cell number and [3H] thymidine uptake was found in cells exposed to 13 cis-RA up to 10 microM. Higher concentrations of 13 cis-RA, however, led to a dose-dependent restoration of cell proliferation. Various parameters of differentiation increased under the influence of 13 cis-RA (10 microM) over nonexposed cells. The 125I uptake increased 4-fold over that in control nonexposed cells (P less than 0.05). [125I] Epidermal growth factor binding increased 5-fold, and [125I] human TSH binding increased significantly after exposure to 13 cis-RA (P less than 0.02). Deiodinase activity, however, was significantly lower in 13 cis-RA exposed cells than in control cells. The present study shows that 13 cis-RA (10 microM) drives the tumor cells toward a more normal state of proliferation and differentiation.
The Common Dry-Wood Termite as a Pest1 (1949)

Journal Article The Common Dry-Wood Termite as a Pest Get access Ronald W. Hunt Ronald W. Hunt Whittier, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 42, Issue 6, 1 December 1949, Pages 959–962, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/42.6.959 Published: 01 December 1949
Comparison and extensions of control methods for narrow-band disturbance rejection (1992)

Techniques for designing and implementing algorithms for the control of periodic narrowband disturbances are discussed, and the strong similarities between the different methodologies are shown. The analysis of linear time invariant feedback systems results in a suggestion of how to extend two of the LQ-based multiple-input, multiple-output methodologies to achieve improved performance and stability robustness properties. In the analysis of the adaptive feedforward methods, it is concluded that the popular filtered-x LMS algorithm is useful for implementation, but is best analyzed from a classical linear time invariant feedback perspective. This perspective results in a suggestion of how to extend the multiple error LMS algorithm to achieve improved performance and stability robustness. Stability bounds of the adaptive feedforward approaches are derived in terms of allowable model error.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Piezoelectric Pressure Transducer with Acoustic Absorbing Rod (1967)

A piezoelectric pressure transducer has been designed, using readily available, inexpensive materials, which is capable of measuring sidewall pressures over a wide frequency range without serious distortion of the signal due to spurious elastic waves in the sensing element. The rise time is limited primarily by the transit time across the surface of the sensing element. The response of the gauge to a Mach 3.2 shock, gaseous detonations at pressure levels of 11 and 34 atm, respectively, is presented.
Measurement of Allergens Associated with Dust Mite Allergy (1989)

Assays of mite allergens (Der p I, Der f I and Der II) in the air of houses became feasible with the use of a low-noise air sampler and a sensitive radioimmunoassay described previously. The levels of the airborne allergens Der I (Der p I + Der f I) and Der II in the living room of 10 houses during usual domestic life were very low, 29.5 and 6.3 pg/m3, respectively, with a Der I: Der II ratio of 4.7:1. At the time of bedmaking, they greatly increased, about 1,000-fold, to 30,900 and 12,600 pg/m3, respectively, with a Der I: Der II ratio of 2.5:1. The amounts of Der I and Der II in the floor dust of the living room were 2,040 and 2,690 ng/g of fine dust, respectively, with a Der I: Der II ratio of 0.8:1. Der I seemed more prone to become airborne than Der II.
<i>Salmonella enterica</i> serotype Typhimurium Std fimbriae bind terminal α(1,2)fucose residues in the cecal mucosa (2008)

The std operon encodes a fimbrial adhesin of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium that is required for attachment to intestinal epithelial cells and for cecal colonization in the mouse. To study the mechanism by which this virulence factor contributes to colonization we characterized its binding specificity. Std-mediated binding to human colonic epithelial (Caco-2) cells could be abrogated by removing N-linked glycans. Adherence of Std fimbriated S. Typhimurium to Caco-2 cells could be blocked by co-incubation with H type 2 oligosaccharide (Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAc) or by pretreatment of cells with alpha1-2 fucosidase. In contrast, pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with neuraminidase or co-incubation with the type 2 disaccharide precursor (Galbeta1-4GlcNAc) did not reduce adherence of Std fimbriated S. Typhimurium. Binding of purified Std fimbriae to Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAc in a solid phase binding assay was competitively inhibited by Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I), a lectin specific for Fucalpha1-2 moieties. Purified Std fimbriae and UEA both bound to a receptor localized in the mucus layer of the murine cecum. These data suggest that the std operon encodes an adhesin that binds an alpha1-2 fucosylated receptor(s) present in the cecal mucosa.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Three Metabolites of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Overview on the Technology of Cross-Linking of Starch for Nonfood Applications (2009)

For commercial success, bioplastics have to possess adequate physical properties. But the same properties of biopolymers — such as starch — that make them environmentally attractive feedstocks can affect their performance as materials. Despite the attractive properties of plant-based plastics, there have been few commercial applications due to their property drawbacks (e.g., high cost, brittleness, and lower impact resistance). Many biopolymers, such as starch, are often hydrophilic and some are even soluble in hot water. These properties have to be managed and controlled through the development of adequate formulations and processing. The primary challenge is to develop fast reactions that can be transformed into viable processes and integrated into existing process lines with economically viable formulations that are friendly to the environment. Cross-linking of starches is the most common method used in polysaccharide chemistry. This article briefly reviews some of the most promising chemistries available for the cross-linking of biodegradable starch materials and their applications.
One-Step Photochemical Synthesis of Permanent, Nonleaching, Ultrathin Antimicrobial Coatings for Textiles and Plastics (2011)

Antimicrobial copolymers of hydrophobic N-alkyl and benzophenone containing polyethylenimines were synthesized from commercially available linear poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), and covalently attached to surfaces of synthetic polymers, cotton, and modified silicon oxide using mild photo-cross-linking. Specifically, these polymers were applied to polypropylene, poly(vinyl chloride), polyethylene, cotton, and alkyl-coated oxide surfaces using solution casting or spray coating and then covalently cross-linked rendering permanent, nonleaching antimicrobial surfaces. The photochemical grafting of pendant benzophenones allows immobilization to any surface that contains a C-H bond. Incubating the modified materials with either Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli demonstrated that the modified surfaces had substantial antimicrobial capacity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (>98% microbial death).
Low-noise high-speed optical receiver for fiber optic systems (1984)

A low-noise preamplifier for fiber-optic systems which uses a GaAs FET as input stage is described. It exhibits high input impedance which is shown to yield a low-noise performance insensitive to 1/f noise, an otherwise dominant component with a GaAs FET input stage. A modified version serves as a broadband general-purpose amplifier terminated at the input and output by 50 /spl Omega/. A novel gain cell is used which yields a significant improvement in the bandwidth. The customary resistive load of the gain stage is replaced by the circuit capacitance at that node, and the resulting integration is cancelled by subsequent differentiation in the output stage.
Targeted gene correction of <i>FKRP</i> by CRISPR/Cas9 restores functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in cortical neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (2017)

Summary Mutations in genes required for functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan cause a group of congenital muscular dystrophies associated with brain malformations, referred to as dystroglycanopathies. The lack of isogenic, physiology-relevant human cellular models has limited our understanding of the cortical abnormalities in dystroglycanopathies. Here we generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a severe dystroglycanopathy patient with homozygous mutations in the ribitol-5-phosphate transferase gene, FKRP . We carry out targeted gene correction in FKRP-iPSCs using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. We characterise the directed differentiation of FKRP- and corrected-iPSCs to neural stem cells, cortical progenitors and cortical neurons. Importantly, we show that targeted gene correction of FKRP restores functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in iPSC-derived cortical neurons. We independently validate this result by showing targeted gene mutation of FKRP disrupts functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using CRISPR/Cas9-engineered human iPSCs for modelling dystroglycanopathies and provides a foundation for therapeutic development. Highlights Generation of FKRP-iPSCs for modelling cortical abnormalities in dystroglycanopathies Precise gene correction by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing Directed differentiation of isogenic control and FKRP-iPSC to cortical neurons Functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan is restored in cortical neurons derived from CRISPR/Cas9-corrected iPSCs Targeted gene mutation of FKRP disrupts functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in cortical neurons
Pedestrian detection and localization using antenna array and sequential triangulation (2005)

We propose a novel RF-based technique for pedestrian detection and localization. The approach involves a passive antenna array receiver at the vehicle side and a low-power transmitter attached to the pedestrian. With the help of high-resolution direction finding techniques, angle-of-arrival (AOA) of the transmitter is detected by the device in the vehicle. The pedestrian location is determined by a simple triangulation based on the detected AOAs at two subsequent locations along the vehicle moving directions. The proposed method is an extension of the traditional sensor-based pedestrian detection systems such as Radar and Lidar. It can be incorporated with other sensor-based techniques to improve the overall performance of pedestrian detection in the traffic.
Flying Start of Permanent-Magnet-Synchronous-Machine Drives Based on a Variable Virtual Resistance (2020)

In this article, a flying start method for sensorless-controlled permanent-magnet-synchronous-machine (PMSM) drives based on a variable virtual resistance is proposed. In the proposed method, the inverter imitates variable resistance, this is used to suppress the inrush current and to regulate the small estimation current. Afterward, the speed and position of the motor are identified using the estimation current based on the fact that the load of the system becomes highly resistive as a result of a certain level of virtual resistance. Since high virtual resistance of the inverter could cause oscillations or instability to the system, we investigate a suitable region of virtual resistance values based on discrete stability analysis. Also, the estimation current controller and speed/position estimator are designed based on a linearized system. Since the proposed method does not require any motor parameters for the estimation process, the accuracy of the estimated position and speed is not affected by parameter variation. The controller design, region of virtual resistance, and facile implementation of the proposed method are shown to be effective by simulation and experiment.
An intelligent neuro-controller based on system parameter estimation (2002)

To enhance intelligent control system performance, an on-line procedure for sensing and adapting to changes in the dynamics of the controlled plant is essential. A methodology that uses a neural network for plant failure accommodation is presented. The main idea is to constantly monitor system input-output signals for off-nominal behavior (failures) and to use this information to generate appropriate control actions. Based on this idea, an integrated, intelligent neuro-control system consisting of a baseline controller, a system parameter estimator, a failure detector, and a failure accommodator is constructed. Using a continuous stream of plant input-output data, the parameter estimator computes plant parameter estimates and sends them to the failure detector. The failure detector analyzes the system's condition using these parameter estimates and reports its results to the failure accommodator. Using these results, the failure accommodator computes baseline controller coefficient values that are appropriate for the current plant dynamics. New coefficient values are continuously downloaded to the baseline controller to insure stable system operation and to accommodate failures in the plant as they occur. Results from a preliminary simulation, conducted on the control of a tilt-rotor airplane, showed that the intelligent controller is able to maintain system stability even in cases of severe changes in the airplane dynamics.
Development of a Pulse Reactor with On-Line MS Analysis to Study the Oxidation of Methanol (1982)

Whereas steady state kinetic experiments are usually more easy to perform and certainly more easy to analyze, information is normally only obtained pertaining to the rate limiting step in the reaction sequence. Experiments of a dynamic type, such as pulse experiments or other transients, can give additional information about reaction mechanisms that is often difficult to obtain by other techniques. Additional advantages of pulse experiments are that they often take less time and require just small amounts of materials, both catalyst and reactants. The major problems of the pulse and other transient techniques seem to be related to the lack of good and rapid transient analytical methods and the fact that data analysis is not straightforward. Many good reviews are available concerning the theory and applications of pulse and ther transient experiments (1,2,3). In a typical pulse experiment, a pulse of known size, shape and composition is introduced to a
The Effect of Localised Cyclic Heating on Railway Wheel Steels - an Investigation into the Effects of Tread Braking (1992)

The treads of a number of railway wheels which had seen service on passenger trains in Australia are examined. Four damage patterns are observed on these treads, with each being associated with a particular wheel/rail or wheel/brake interaction. Tread braking, which is associated with the formation of hot spots and crack arrays, appears most dangerous to wheel life. An experimental apparatus capable of simulating the thermal cycles experienced in tread braking is constructed. Crack growth occurs two orders of magnitude faster in simulation of hot-spot cycles compared to general tread cycles. Such acceleration of crack growth is only observed when repeated phase transformations occur during the hot-spot cycles. Other forms of damage associated with hot-spot simulations are detailed and the effect of cycle frequency on damage forms are investigated. The possibility that damage accumulation may be associated with transformational plasticity is discussed.
Addition of Rapamycin to Anti-CD3 Antibody Improves Long-Term Glycaemia Control in Diabetic NOD Mice (2013)

The addition of rapamycin to anti CD3 results in significant improvement in glycaemia control in diabetic NOD mice.
Mobile Innovation and the Music Business in Japan (2011)

This paper examines the development process and successful factors of the ringing tone melody downloading service, or “Chaku-Mero,” in Japan. Chaku-Mero, arguably the most successful mobile (m)-commerce business in the world, is a mobile Internet service in which a subscriber could download from a wide selection of music melodies his/her favorite for a fee to get it ring when the mobile phone receives a call or message. This chapter describes the process of how this business has evolved from pre-mobile-Internet phase of related business; examines the structure of the business; and analyzes why some content providers have been more successful than others. Some implications for the prospects of mobile Internet businesses for music and other cultural contents will be provided.
Hydrocracking of the oils of <i>Botryococcus braunii</i> to transport fuels (1982)

Hydrocarbon oils of the alga Botryococcus braunii, extracted from a natural "bloom" of the plant, have been hydrocracked to produce a distillate comprising 67% gasoline fraction, 15% aviation turbine fuel fraction, 15% diesel fuel fraction, and 3% residual oil. The distillate was examined by a number of standard petroleum industry test methods. This preliminary investigation indicates that the oils of B. braunii are suitable as a feedstock material for hydrocracking to transport fuels.
Mammalian cells preferentially internalize hydrogel nanodiscs over nanorods and use shape-specific uptake mechanisms (2013)

Size, surface charge, and material compositions are known to influence cell uptake of nanoparticles. However, the effect of particle geometry, i.e., the interplay between nanoscale shape and size, is less understood. Here we show that when shape is decoupled from volume, charge, and material composition, under typical in vitro conditions, mammalian epithelial and immune cells preferentially internalize disc-shaped, negatively charged hydrophilic nanoparticles of high aspect ratios compared with nanorods and lower aspect-ratio nanodiscs. Endothelial cells also prefer nanodiscs, however those of intermediate aspect ratio. Interestingly, unlike nanospheres, larger-sized hydrogel nanodiscs and nanorods are internalized more efficiently than their smallest counterparts. Kinetics, efficiency, and mechanisms of uptake are all shape-dependent and cell type-specific. Although macropinocytosis is used by both epithelial and endothelial cells, epithelial cells uniquely internalize these nanoparticles using the caveolae-mediated pathway. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells, on the other hand, use clathrin-mediated uptake for all shapes and show significantly higher uptake efficiency compared with epithelial cells. Using results from both upright and inverted cultures, we propose that nanoparticle internalization is a complex manifestation of three shape- and size-dependent parameters: particle surface-to-cell membrane contact area, i.e., particle-cell adhesion, strain energy for membrane deformation, and sedimentation or local particle concentration at the cell membrane. These studies provide a fundamental understanding on how nanoparticle uptake in different mammalian cells is influenced by the nanoscale geometry and is critical for designing improved nanocarriers and predicting nanomaterial toxicity.
An affinity-based scoring scheme for predicting DNA-binding activities of modularly assembled zinc-finger proteins (2008)

Zinc-finger proteins (ZFPs) have long been recognized for their potential to manipulate genetic information because they can be engineered to bind novel DNA targets. Individual zinc-finger domains (ZFDs) bind specific DNA triplet sequences; their apparent modularity has led some groups to propose methods that allow virtually any desired DNA motif to be targeted in vitro. In practice, however, ZFPs engineered using this 'modular assembly' approach do not always function well in vivo. Here we report a modular assembly scoring strategy that both identifies combinations of modules least likely to function efficiently in vivo and provides accurate estimates of their relative binding affinities in vitro. Predicted binding affinities for 53 'three-finger' ZFPs, computed based on energy contributions of the constituent modules, were highly correlated (r = 0.80) with activity levels measured in bacterial two-hybrid assays. Moreover, K(d) values for seven modularly assembled ZFPs and their intended targets, measured using fluorescence anisotropy, were also highly correlated with predictions (r = 0.91). We propose that success rates for ZFP modular assembly can be significantly improved by exploiting the score-based strategy described here.
Alzheimer disease : current research in early diagnosis (1990)

Early clinical diagnosis neuropsychology neurochemistry electroencephalogy neuropharmacology molecular genetics brain biopsy brain imaging.