gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Motion Capture in Golf (2008)

Motion capture has been used extensively to study the golf swing in the laboratory. As motion capture technology has become more sophisticated and less expensive, the number of research studies has increased as has the scope of these research studies. Motion capture technology has become so accessible that it is now being used outside of the laboratory for golf instruction, coaching and club fitting. The use of this technology can enhance the teaching or club fitting experience, and will likely lead to increased understanding of the biomechanics of the golf swing
The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits (1999)

These results suggest that CAPE may be an available agent to protect the spinal cord from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Novel Viral Sequences Related to Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus in T Cells of a Seropositive Baboon (1984)

Antibodies reactive with proteins of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) can be found in Old World monkeys. A T-lymphocyte cell line established from a seropositive baboon (Papio cynocephalus) was analyzed for the presence of viral DNA sequences. The provirus found in these cells was related to but distinct from HTLV subgroup I. These results add to recent evidence from human studies that HTLV represents a spectrum of infectious T-lymphotropic retroviruses that includes closely and distantly related members.
A Retrograde Trafficking Inhibitor of Ricin and Shiga-Like Toxins Inhibits Infection of Cells by Human and Monkey Polyomaviruses (2013)

The human polyomaviruses JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) and BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) cause rare but severe diseases in individuals with reduced immune function. During immunosuppression, JCPyV disseminates from the kidney to the central nervous system and destroys oligodendrocytes, resulting in the fatal disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of BKPyV-induced nephropathy, which results in kidney necrosis and loss of the transplanted organ. There are currently no effective therapies for JCPyV and BKPyV. We show that a small molecule named retro-2(cycl) protects cells from infection with JCPyV and BKPyV by inhibiting intracellular viral transport. Retro-2(cycl) treatment reduces viral spreading in already established infections and may therefore be able to control infection in affected patients. Further optimization of retro-2(cycl) may result in the development of an effective antiviral therapy directed toward pathogens that use retrograde trafficking to infect their hosts.
Phase I Trial of Large Multivalent Immunogen Derived from Melanoma Lysates in Patients with Disseminated Melanoma (2004)

LMI was nontoxic, improved immunological reactivity to melanoma cells, and showed evidence of clinical effectiveness (shrinkage of tumor) in 1 patient. Additional studies with LMI with added adjuvant materials, in melanoma and other cancers, appear warranted.
VCL, an Antagonist of the Platelet GP1b Receptor, Markedly Inhibits Platelet Adhesion and Intimal Thickening After Balloon Injury in the Rat (1995)

Antagonism of the platelet GP1b receptor by VCL profoundly decreased platelet deposition at the site of balloon injury in the rat femoral artery. This effect was associated with a persistent reduction in neointimal thickening. The lack of effect of VCL on SMC proliferation suggests that the decrease in neointimal thickening may have been mediated through inhibition of SMC migration and/or modulation of the extracellular matrix.
Highlight extraction in soccer videos (2004)

Live logging and posterity logging are the two basic applications for video databases. The former aims at providing effective annotation of video in quasi-real time and supports extraction of meaningful clips from the live stream; the latter provides annotation for later reuse of video material and is the prerequisite for retrieval by content from video digital libraries. Both require that information is adequately structured with interchange format and that annotation is performed, to a great extent, automatically. The video information structure must encompass both low-intermediate level video organization and event relationships that define specific highlights and situations. Analysis of the visual data of the video stream permits hints to be extracted, events identified and highlights detected. All of this must be supported by a-priori knowledge of the subject and effective reasoning engines capable of capturing the inherent semantics of the visual events.
The Ontogeny of Mullerian Inhibiting Substance in Granulosa Cells of the Bovine Ovarian Follicle (1986)

Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) previously detected in the Sertoli cells of the calf testis has been localized in the granulosa cells of the ovarian Graafian follicle by using an immunoperoxidase technique and a monoclonal antibody (IG8) to MIS that almost completely blocks its biological activity. The immunoperoxidase technique (avidin-biotin complex method) demonstrated specific localization of MIS in the cytoplasm of the ovarian granulosa cells in the bovine Graafian follicles over a wide age span, i.e. one day, one week, three months, two-and-a-half years and five years. The presence of MIS in the ovary implies a function that is as yet unknown.
The effect of organic substances on the transfer of oxygen from air bubbles in water (1961)

Abstract The liquid film coefficient is related to bubble diameter and velocity in pure water and to the physical properties of the liquid. The addition to water of organic substances which influence the surface tension and viscosity will decrease the size of the air bubble released from a diffuser and reduce the transfer of oxygen into the solution. The maximum reduction in oxygen transfer occurs in the region of maximum surface tension change. The effect of the addition of several organic substances on the oxygen transfer characteristics are shown.
Comparison of the pharmacological properties of GK11 and MK801, two NMDA receptor antagonists: towards an explanation for the lack of intrinsic neurotoxicity of GK11 (2007)

Over-stimulation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) is involved in many neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, developing safe NMDAR antagonists is of high therapeutic interest. GK11 is a high affinity uncompetitive NMDAR antagonist with low intrinsic neurotoxicity, shown to be promising for treating CNS trauma. In the present study, we investigated the molecular basis of its interaction with NMDARs and compared this with the reference molecule MK801. We show, on primary cultures of hippocampal neurons, that GK11 exhibits neuroprotection properties similar to those of MK801, but in contrast with MK801, GK11 is not toxic to neurons. Using patch-clamp techniques, we also show that on NR1a/NR2B receptors, GK11 totally blocks the NMDA-mediated currents but has a six-fold lower IC(50) than MK801. On NR1a/NR2A receptors, it displays similar affinity but fails to totally prevent the currents. As NR2A is preferentially localized at synapses and NR2B at extrasynaptic sites, we investigated, using calcium imaging and patch-clamp approaches, the effects of GK11 on either synaptic or extrasynaptic NMDA-mediated responses. Here we demonstrate that in contrast with MK801, GK11 better preserve the synaptic NMDA-mediated currents. Our study supports that the selectivity of GK11 for NR2B containing receptors accounts contributes, at least partially, for its safer pharmacological profile.
Fluid Flow Rapidly Activates G Proteins in Human Endothelial Cells (1996)

Fluid shear stimulates endothelial cells, with the external hemodynamic forces transduced across the plasma membrane to modulate intracellular events. We report the first direct evidence that identifies specific GTP binding proteins (G proteins) activated within 1 second of flow onset, representing one of the earliest mechanochemical signal transduction events reported to date in shear-stimulated endothelium. A nonhydrolyzable GTP photoreactive analogue, azidoanilido [alpha-32P]GTP (AAGTP), allowed irreversible labeling of flow-stimulated G proteins, with two protein bands (42 kD and 31 kD) identified in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) subjected to laminar flow (10 dyne/cm2) in a parallel-plate flow chamber. Immunoprecipitation of labeled whole-cell lysates identified the specific G-protein subunits G q zero/alpha 11 and G alpha i3/alpha 0) as being activated by flow. Endothelial cell membrane vesicles were sheared in a cone-and-plate viscometer, with the 42-kD protein band labeled by AAGTP, but the 31-kD protein absent, indicating that the 42-kD G protein is membrane associated and activated independently of intact cytoskeletal or cytosolic components. Our results describe one of the earliest flow-induced signaling events reported in HUVECs, providing insight into the primary mechanosensing and signal transduction mechanisms.
Pick and place shape forming of three-dimensional micro structures from fine particles (2002)

Proposes a pick-and-place shape forming method: a unique fabrication method of 3D micro structures by heaping up fine particles typically ranging from 10 nm to 1 /spl mu/m in size with a micro manipulator under scanning electron microscope monitoring. Particles are picked up by van der Waals force. Pick-and-place control is performed by the optimization of material combination and the trajectory of tool movement. This fabrication method has the following advantages: excellent forming resolution as small as 10 nm, wide range of material selection, freedom of the 3D structure, and quick and flexible fabrication. A pyramidal 3D structure made of 35 polymer particles of 2 /spl mu/m in diameter is successfully fabricated to prove the effectiveness of the method. Since the structure of constructed device has almost the same size as that of light wavelength, it can perform as a quantum effect device in an optical field.
Allergic Dermatitis to Benzyl Alcohol in an Injectable Solution (1984)

Benzyl alcohol produced an allergic contact dermatitis in a 46-year-old woman. The dermatitis was characterized by erythema, palpable edema, and raised borders. It had occurred after the use of sodium tetradecyl sulfate, a sclerosing agent used for the treatment of varicose veins. This article reviews the widespread use of this preservative in a variety of injectable agents.
Pyridine–imide oligomers (2008)

Pyridine-imide oligomers created by incorporating imide and pyridine units alternatively in sequence were successfully synthesized and found to form highly compact and stable helical conformations contributed by intramolecular H-bonds between the imide and both adjacent pyridines, and by the structural characteristics of the imide units.
Analysis of non-TIR NBS-LRR resistance gene analogs in Musa acuminata Colla: Isolation, RFLP marker development, and physical mapping (2008)

This is the first large scale analysis of NBS-LRR RGAs in M. acuminata Calcutta 4. Contig sequences were deposited in GenBank and assigned numbers ER935972 - ER936023. RGA sequences and isolated BACs are a valuable resource for R-gene discovery, and in future applications will provide insight into the organization and evolution of NBS-LRR R-genes in the Musa A and B genome. The developed RFLP-RGA markers are applicable for genetic map development and marker assisted selection for defined traits such as pest and disease resistance.
20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Triggers Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells via Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway (2013)

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), an aglycone saponin ginsenoside isolated from Panax quinquefolium L, has been shown to inhibit the growth and proliferation in several cancer lines. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis-induced effects and the mechanism of 20(S)-PPD on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. 20(S)-PPD showed a potent antiproliferative activity against A549 cells by triggering apoptosis. 20(S)-PPD-induced apoptosis was characterized by a dose-dependent loss of the mitochondrial membrane, release of cytochrome c, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), activation of caspase-9/-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Caspase-dependence was indicated by the ability of the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk to attenuate 20(S)-PPD-induced apoptosis. After treatment with 20(S)-PPD, the proportion of A549 cells at the G0/G1 phase increased, while cells at the S and G2/M phases decreased. Furthermore, 20(S)-PPD also triggered down-regulation of phosphorylated Akt (Ser473/Thr308) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK 3β). Knockdown of GSK 3β with siRNA promoted the apoptotic effects of 20(S)-PPD. These results revealed an unexpected mechanism of action for this unique ginsenoside: triggering a mitochondrial-mediated, caspase-dependent apoptosis via down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in A549 cells. Our findings encourage further studies of 20(S)-PPD as a promising chemopreventive agent against lung cancer.
Constant transconductance CMOS amplifier input stage with rail-to-rail input common mode voltage range (1995)

A novel CMOS amplifier input stage with rail-to-rail input common mode voltage range is described. The circuit uses a simple adaptive biasing scheme to provide a constant transconductance over the entire range, facilitating the optimization of the frequency response of the amplifier.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Growth and characterization of gallium arsenide using single-source precursors: OMCVD and bulk pyrolysis studies (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGrowth and characterization of gallium arsenide using single-source precursors: OMCVD and bulk pyrolysis studiesJames E. Miller, Kenneth B. Kidd, Alan H. Cowley, Richard A. Jones, John G. Ekerdt, Henry J. Gysling, Alex A. Wernberg, and Thomas N. BlantonCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 5, 589–593Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00011a023https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00011a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views138Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research on layering large-data image (2009)

To speed up the large-data image processing,the authors summarized three methods of image layering,i.e.layering based on frequency,wavelet transform and 2D empirical mode multi-dimensional methods.Besides, the 2D empirical mode multi-dimensional method was improved.The simulation results show that wavelet transform method was most suitable for layering largedata images.The authors also provided the pretreatment before large-data image processing.
Logic simulation with current-limited switches (1990)

A switch-level logic simulator for MOS networks based on the theory of current-limited switches is described. It was derived from a switch-level timing simulator by suppressing time-related information and by eliminating invalid events. The simulator obeys Kirchoff's laws and after initialization every node has a known voltage. It can thus be used to drive analog simulation. Fault simulation is easily incorporated by representing the line-open fault by an open circuit and the node-short fault by a short circuit. Examples demonstrate application to both logic and fault simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and failure properties of tetrahedral amorphous diamond-like carbon for MEMS devices (2005)

The elastic and failure mechanical properties of hydrogen-free tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) MEMS structures were investigated via in situ direct and local displacement measurements by a method that integrates atomic force microscopy (AFM) with digital image correlation (DIC). On-chip MEMS-scale specimens were tested via a custom-designed apparatus that was integrated with an AFM to conduct in situ uniaxial tension tests. Specimens 10 µm and 50 µm wide and of 1.5 µm average thickness were used to measure the elastic properties while 340 µm wide tension specimens with a central elliptical perforation resulting in a stress concentration factor of 27 were tested to investigate local effects on material strength. The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and tensile strength were measured as 759 ± 22 GPa, 0.17 ± 0.03 and 7.3 ± 1.2 GPa, respectively. In an effort to understand the effect of local defects and assess the true material strength, the local failure stress at sharp central elliptical notches with a stress concentration factor of 27 was measured to be 11.4 ± 0.8 GPa. The AFM/DIC method provided for the first time local displacement fields in the vicinity of microscale perforations and these displacement fields were in accordance with those predicted by linear elasticity.
Prefácio (2000)

O livro de Fabienne Wateau retoma, em parte, a tese por ela defendida em 1996 sobre o papel da água na organização social de uma comunidade camponesa do Norte de Portugal. Ele inscreve-se numa série de trabalhos notáveis sobre a Antropologia em Portugal, uma parte dos quais foi já publicada na Colecção Portugal de Perto. Ele tem a meticulosa e tranquila modéstia da colecção. À sua imagem, limitar-me-ei a definir o lugar que este trabalho poderá vir a ocupar entre as Ciências Humanas nas suas ...
Nonaqueous synthesis, assembly and formation mechanisms of metal oxide nanocrystals (2007)

Nonaqueous solution routes to metal oxide nanoparticles are a valuable alternative to the well-known aqueous sol-gel processes, offering advantages such as high crystallinity at low temperatures, robust synthesis parameters and avoidance of surfactants in order to control the crystal growth. In the first part of this paper we give an overview of the various solution routes to metal oxides in organic solvents, with a strong focus on surfactant-free processes developed in our group. In most of these synthesis approaches, the organic solvent plays the role of the reactant that provides the oxygen for the metal oxide, controls the crystal growth, influences particle shape and, in some cases, also determines the assembly behaviour. In general, these routes involve the reaction of metal oxide precursors such as metal halides, alkoxides, or acetylacetonates with benzyl alcohol, benzylamine or carbonyl compounds like ketones and aldehydes. Whereas the reaction between metal halides and benzyl alcohol enables the direct synthesis of crystalline nanoparticles via simple beaker chemistry, the other reaction systems require a solvothermal treatment at temperatures between 200C and 250C. The metal halidebenzyl alcohol system additionally allows for an insitu functionalisation process, where the surface of the nanoparticles can be modified during nanoparticle synthesis in order to tailor the solubility as well as the assembly behaviour. This is an important step towards the use of metal oxides as nanobuilding blocks for the fabrication of structures like nanowires or mesoporous materials. In the second part, various reaction pathways to nanoparticle formation are discussed. Solvothermal processes are not easy to monitor insitu. In order to elucidate possible formation mechanisms, we analyse the reaction solution obtained after synthesis of the nanoparticles as well as after reference experiments with altered reaction conditions. The organic species found in the mixtures allow us to propose possible formation mechanisms. As an important example, we will discuss the formation mechanism of ceria nanoparticles synthesised from cerium(III) isopropoxide and benzyl alcohol, involving a C-C bond formation between the isopropoxy ligand and benzyl alcohol. This reaction pathway was also found to lead to the formation of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The last part of this paper deals with possible applications of metal oxide nanoparticles, especially with regard to gas sensing devices.
Quantitative Analysis of Beer Aromatic Alcohols Using Stable Isotope Dilution Assay (2002)

A quantitative assay of beer aromatic alcohols was developed using gas chromatography (GC) in conjunction with stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA). Quantification using SIDA is not subject to instrumental and/or sample manipulation variation as any analytical variation has a similar effect on the aromatic alcohols and their corresponding labeled analogs used as internal standard. A range of beers (lager and ale) was spiked with known amounts of deuterated aromatic alcohols, followed by extraction using ethyl acetate. The beer aromatic alcohols were quantified by GC-mass spectrometry using the corresponding deuterated aromatic alcohols as internal standards. The method was found to be highly repeatable and accurate for the quantification of aromatic alcohols in beer and was far less time-consuming than the conventional method. The aromatic alcohol data for various commercial lagers and ales was statistically analyzed using discriminant function analysis. With few exceptions, the results demonstrated that lagers and ales cannot be distinguished on the basis of the level of aromatic alcohols they contain.
Palladium-Catalyzed Base-Selective H-D Exchange Reaction of Nucleosides in Deuterium Oxide (2005)

We have developed an efficient and extensive deuterium incorporation method using a heterogeneous Pd/C-D2O-H2 system into the base moiety of nucleosides. The results presented here provide a deuterium gas-free, totally catalytic, and post-synthetic deuterium labeling method in D2O media.
Soil Fertility and Biodiversity in Organic Farming (2002)

An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.