gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NMR Studies on the Flexibility of the Poliovirus C3 Linear Epitope Inserted into Different Sites of the Maltose-binding Protein (1997)

A set of permissive positions that tolerate insertions/deletions without major deleterious consequences for the binding activity of the protein was previously identified in the maltose-binding protein. The C3 epitope from poliovirus VP1 protein (93DNPASTTNKDK103) was inserted into eight of these positions and two nonpermissive control sites. NMR studies were performed on the MalE protein, the insertion/deletion mutants, and the C3MalE hybrids to selectively determine the flexible regions in these proteins. Comparison of the C3 epitope mobility in the different hybrid proteins indicates that, whatever its insertion site and independently from the specific sequences of its linkers, the epitope is mostly flexible. The vector protein was shown to unfold partially only in the two C3MalE hybrids that correspond to nonpermissive positions. For one of them (insertion at site 339), both sides of the insert are flexible, and at most one side for all the other hybrids. This result correlates with the antigenicity data on the inserted epitope (Martineau, P., Leclerc, C., and Hofnung, M. (1997) Mol. Immunol, in press.
Stereoselective synthesis of α-monofluorinated phosphonate mimetics of naturally occurring phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, via electrophilic fluorination of lithiated bis-lactim ethersElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental data. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b204093j/ (2002)

Electrophilic fluorinations of lithiated bis-lactim ethers derived from cyclo-[L-AP4-D-Val] allow a direct access to alpha-monofluorinated phosphonate mimetics of naturally occurring phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, in enantiomerically pure form and suitably protected for solid-phase peptide synthesis.
Safety and Feasibility of Convection-enhanced Delivery of Cotara for the Treatment of Malignant Glioma: Initial Experience in 51 Patients (2005)

The majority of Cotara infusions delivered between 90 and 110% of the prescribed administered activity to the targeted region. This method of administration has an acceptable safety profile compared with literature reports of other therapeutics delivered by convection-enhanced delivery.
A novel array formed by diamond antennas with high isolation for base station applications (2006)

A novel linear array formed by diamond antennas with low profile and high isolation is developed and studied experimentally in this paper. The array can provide unidirectional patterns with a HPBW (half-power beam width) of 65+6° in azimuth plane and more than 15 dBi peak gain in 1710-2170 MHz with VSWR<1.5. The antenna consists of five dual-polarized array elements named "four-diamond" antenna. The isolation of two different polarized input ports of the array can be enhanced to -30dB by employing some isolation enhancement technologies. A dual-polarized broadband linear array is fabricated and the measured results are presented. The proposed array antenna is suitable for the GSM1800, CDMA1900 and ITU's IMT-2000 base station applications. (3 pages)
The Effects of Electric Stimulation and Extended Chilling Times on the Biochemical Reactions and Texture of Cooked Broiler Breast Meat (1995)

Electric stimulation has been shown to affect functional and biochemical properties of the Pectoralis major muscle. In this study the effects of stimulating broilers with a pulsed electric current of 200 V alternating current (VAC) 2 s on, 1 s off, during exsanguination on biochemical reactions and objective texture of the meat deboned after 1, 2, or 3 h in the chiller were determined. Broilers (three replications, 18 birds per replication) were either stunned (50 VAC, 10 s) simulating commercial conditions, or stunned and stimulated during exsanguination, processed, and placed in 1 C ice baths. Carcasses were removed after 1, 2, or 3 h and the P. major excised. The R value and pH samples were taken and the deboned muscles were vacuum-bagged and held overnight at 2 C prior to cooking in 85 C water for 30 min. Shear values were determined using a Warner-Bratzler shear. Stimulation and static chilling for 2 and 3 h resulted in significantly higher R values and lower shear values than stunning and static chilling. The largest difference in shear values was noted after the 2 h chill; 7.12 kg for the stunned vs 3.42 kg for the stimulated group.
Immunoreactive Ubiquitin in Human Seminal Plasma (1993)

The polypeptide ubiquitin, up to now almost exclusively discovered in intracellular spaces, was measured immunologically in a total of 187 samples of human seminal plasma. The values were between 1.83 and 19.11 micrograms/ml. In spermatozoa ubiquitin was detected too; the values, however, were significantly lower than in the seminal plasma. The origin and function of ubiquitin in human seminal plasma is still unclear. The possible role of ubiquitin in reproduction is discussed.
Interband optical investigation of Bloch oscillations in semiconductor superlattices (1998)

The experimental observation of Bloch oscillations in solids was long thought to be out of experimental reach. The invention of the semiconductor superlattice has changed this situation decisively. Transport experiments performed in the past two decades have given indirect evidence for the existence of Bloch oscillations. Recently, it has been possible to directly observe Bloch oscillations in semiconductor superlattices by optical experiments: interband laser excitation of several Wannier-Stark ladder states creates a wave packet which oscillates in time with a characteristic dependence on the static electric field. These oscillations have been observed by several optical methods, both using detection of the interband polarization (four-wave mixing and photorefractive sampling) and intraband polarization (THz emission spectroscopy). The latter experimental technique directly proves the emission of radiation at the Bloch oscillator frequency. Recent experiments have directly measured the displacement of the Bloch wave packet as a function of time, proving the harmonic dependence as predicted by Zener. A number of experiments have addressed other key physical parameters of Bloch oscillations like the damping mechanisms. This article gives a brief review of recent investigations of Bloch oscillations in superlattices, focused on the interband optical experiments performed in the last few years.
POST-USE REVIEW:<i>Physics for Scientists and Engineers</i> (1983)

First Page
Images in Advertising: The Need for a Theory of Visual Rhetoric (1994)

In this article, past consumer research dealing with advertising images is analyzed and critiqued for its underlying assumption: that pictures are reflections of reality. The case against this assumption is presented, and an alternative view, in which visuals are a convention-based symbolic system, is formulated. In this alternative view, pictures must be cognitively processed, rather than absorbed peripherally or automatically. The author argues that current conceptualizations of advertising images are incommensurate with what ads are really like, and that many images currently dismissed as affect laden or information devoid are, in fact, complex figurative arguments. A new theoretical framework for the study of images is advanced in which advertising images are a sophisticated form of visual rhetoric. The process of consumer response implied by the new framework differs radically from past concepts in many ways, but also suggests new ways to approach questions currently open in the literature on the nature and processing of imagery. A pluralistic program for studying advertising pictures as persuasion is outlined.
Luminescent and Photoconductive Layered Lead Halide Perovskite Compounds Comprising Mixtures of Cesium and Guanidinium Cations (2017)

Interest in hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide compounds with perovskite-like two-dimensional crystal structures is growing due to the unique electronic and optoelectronic properties of these compounds. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis, thermal and optical properties, and calculations of the electronic band structures for one- and two-layer compounds comprising both cesium and guanidinium cations: Cs[C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]PbI<sub>4</sub> (I), Cs[C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]PbBr<sub>4</sub> (II), and Cs<sub>2</sub>[C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]Pb<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>7</sub> (III). Compounds I and II exhibit intense photoluminescence at low temperatures, whereas compound III is emissive at room temperature. All of the obtained substances are stable in air and do not thermally decompose until 300 °C. Since Cs<sup>+</sup> and C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> are increasingly utilized in precursor solutions for depositing polycrystalline lead halide perovskite thin films for photovoltaics, exploring possible compounds within this compositional space is of high practical relevance to understanding the photophysics and atomistic chemical nature of such films.
Raman Scattering and Band Assignments in Polytetrafluoroethylene (1969)

The laser-excited Raman spectrum of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is reported. A new band, an E1 mode at 198 cm−1, is observed. Additional bands, which are apparently E2 modes, are observed at 308 and 676 cm−1 at a sample temperature of − 50°C and at 389 and 741 cm−1 at a sample temperature of − 130°C that are not observed in samples at room temperature. Bands at 575 and 595 cm−1 are found to change in intensity as a function of temperature. Band assignments in PTFE are discussed utilizing the Raman spectra of n-C5F12, n-C6F14, C14F30, and C18F38, which are reported here for the first time.
High-intensity static magnetic fields modulate skin microcirculation and temperature in vivo (2000)

We investigated the acute effect of static magnetic fields of up to 8 T on skin blood flow and body temperature in anesthetized rats. These variables were measured prior to, during, and following exposure to a magnetic field in a superconducting magnet with a horizontal bore. The dorsal skin was transversely incised for 1 cm to make a subcutaneous pocket. Probes of a laser Doppler flowmeter and a thermistor were inserted into the pocket and positioned at mid-dorsum to measure skin blood flow and temperature. Another thermistor probe was put into the rectum to monitor rectal temperature. After baseline measurement outside the magnet, the rat was inserted into the bore for 20 min so that mid-dorsum was exactly positioned at the center, where the magnetic field was nearly homogeneous. Post-exposure changes were then recorded for 20 min outside the bore. Sham-exposed animals were submitted to exactly the same conditions, except that the superconducting magnet was not energized. Skin blood flow and temperature decreased significantly during magnetic field exposure and recovered after removal of the animal from the magnet. The rectal temperature showed a tendency to decrease while the animal was in the magnet. The microcirculatory and thermal reactions in the present study were consistent and agreed with some of the predictions based on mathematical simulations and model experiments.
Dissociation and Degradation of Thiol-Modified DNA on Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous and Organic Solvents (2011)

Gold nanoparticles functionalized with thiol-modified DNA have been widely used in making various nanostructures, colorimetric biosensors, and drug delivery vehicles. Over the past 15 years, significant progress has been made to improve the stability of such functionalized nanoparticles. The stability of the gold-thiol bond in this system, however, has not been studied in a systematic manner. Most information on the gold-thiol bond was obtained from the study of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). In this study, we employed two fluorophore-labeled and thiol-modified DNAs. The long-term stability of the thiol-gold bond as a function of time, salt, temperature, pH, and organic solvent has been studied. We found that the bond spontaneously dissociated under all tested conditions. The dissociation was favored at high salt, high pH, and high temperature, and little DNA degradation was observed in our system. Most organic solvents showed a moderate protection effect on the gold-thiol bond. The stability of the gold-thiol bond in the DNA system was also compared with that in SAMs. While there are many similarities, we also observed opposite trends for the salt and ethanol effect. This study suggests that the purified DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles should be freshly prepared and used in a day or two. Long-term storage should be carried out at relatively low temperature in low salt and slightly acidic buffers.
High Internal Phase Emulsions Stabilized Solely by Microgel Particles (2009)

Smart microgels: High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) with a volume fraction up to 0.9 are prepared using soft microgel particles as stabilizer. Adsorption of microgels at the interface can effectively hinder droplet coalescence, and the excess particles form a gel in the continuous phase to inhibit creaming and phase inversion. Drying such HIPEs in air leads to porous materials.
Oil Immersed X-Ray Generating Outfits and their Uses (1924)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. D. Coolidge, "Oil Immersed X-Ray Generating Outfits and their Uses," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 9, 653-673 (1924) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Brain-tumor imaging using radiopaque perfluorocarbon (1983)

Perfluorocarbon, a new tumor-seeking x-ray contrast agent, was injected into three rats with experimental brain tumors. After 1 to 3 days the rats were sacrificed, and the brains were removed and subjected to x-ray study. All showed dense radiopaque areas which correlated with the size and shape of the corresponding brain tumors. Conversely, none of the radiograms taken of the brain tumor in five rats receiving no perfluorocarbon (control animals) showed similar increased density. These findings suggest that perfluorocarbon may serve a useful role as a contrast medium for computerized tomography studies of brain tumors in man.
Design of Advanced Bainitic Steels by Optimisation of TTT Diagrams and T0 Curves (2006)

Cementite is responsible of the limited application of conventional bainitic steels, however it has been proof that cementite precipitation during bainite formation can be suppressed by the judicious use of silicon in medium carbon steels. In this work, thermodynamic and kinetic models were used to design steels with an optimum bainitic microstructure consisting of a mixture of bainitic ferrite, carbon-enriched retained austenite and some martensite. Using these models, a set of seven carbide free bainitic steels with a 0.3 wt% carbon content were proposed for manufacturing. The work presented here is concerned with the microstructural and mechanical characterisation of the steels manufactured. Except for the steel with the highest content of alloying elements, all the grades present the same microstructure composed of carbide-free upper bainite and retained austenite after hot rolling and a two-steps cooling. Theirs tensile strengths range from 1600 to 1950 MPa while keeping a uniform elongation equal to 4% and a total elongation over 10%. Regarding toughness at room temperature, they match quenched and tempered martensitic steels.
Subcellular distribution of connexin45 in OFF bipolar cells of the mouse retina (2010)

In the mouse retina, connexin45 (Cx45) participates in the gap junction between ON cone bipolar cells and AII amacrine cells, which constitutes an essential element of the primary rod pathway. Although it has been shown that Cx45 is also expressed in OFF bipolar cells, its subcellular localization and functional role in these cells are unknown. Here, we analyzed the localization of Cx45 on OFF bipolar cells in the mouse retina. For this, we used wild-type mice and a transgenic mouse line that expressed, in addition to native Cx45, a fusion protein consisting of Cx45 and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Cx45-EGFP expression generates an EGFP signal at gap junctions containing Cx45. Combining immunohistochemistry with intracellular injections, we found that Cx45 was present on dendrites and axon terminals of all OFF bipolar cell types. Cx45 was not found at intersections of two terminal processes of the same type, suggesting that Cx45 might not form gap junctions between axon terminals of the same OFF bipolar cell type but rather might connect OFF bipolar cells to amacrine or ganglion cells. In OFF bipolar cell dendrites, Cx45 was found predominantly in the proximal outer plexiform layer (OPL), well below the cone pedicles. Cx45 did not colocalize with Cx36, which is found predominantly in the distal OPL. We conclude that Cx45 is expressed on OFF bipolar cell dendrites, presumably forming gap junctions with cells of the same type, and on OFF bipolar cell axon terminals, presumably forming heterologous gap junctions with other retinal neurons.
Inhibitory effect of dietary iron deficiency on inductions of putative preneoplastic lesions as well as 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA and lipid peroxidation in the livers of rats caused by exposure to a choline-deficient L-amino acid defined diet (1992)

Effects of dietary iron deficiency on inductions of putative preneoplastic lesions and oxidative alterations in the livers of rats by a choline-deficient L-amino acid defined (CDAA) diet were examined. Male Fischer 344 rats, 4 weeks old, were used with a total experimental period of 16 weeks, consisting of 4-week pretreatment and 12-week treatment periods (periods A and B respectively). During period A, a choline-supplemented L-amino acid defined (CSAA) or an iron-deficient CSAA diet was administered, and the CDAA or an iron-deficient CDAA diet was fed in period B. Formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a DNA adduct generated by activated oxygen species, in DNA and lipid peroxidation in liver cell membranes were sequentially determined after the beginning of period B. At the end of the experiment, development of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and glutathione S-transferase placental form (GSTP) positive liver lesions were quantitatively analysed. In the animals fed the CDAA diet, formation of 8OHdG and lipid peroxidation increased with time, and GGT and GSTP positive liver lesions developed. Formation of 8OHdG, lipid peroxidation and the numbers of induced enzyme-altered liver lesions were all reduced in rats fed the iron-deficient CSAA diet in period A and/or the iron-deficient CDAA diet in period B. The present results indicate that iron plays an important role in induction of preneoplastic liver lesions in rats caused by exposure to the CDAA diet possibly in connection with its known catalytic role in generation of highly reactive activated oxygen species.
Wafer characterization (2002)

SOI wafer characterization is built on the arsenal of characterization techniques developed for bulk Si and many techniques can be applied without modification. For layer thickness measurement and surface inspection, the SOI layer structure introduces complications which require modified or specialized equipment. By far the greatest challenge lies in the electrical characterization of the top Si layer for which the ψ-MOSFET technique is workable but still a slow and cumbersome procedure.
Dynamic Spectrum Algorithm Based on D2D Communication (2019)

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a concept that promises the overall performance enhancement by allowing direct communication between the devices which are in proximity. The idea of implementing in-band and out-band spectrums together in a D2D assisted mobile users will be relevant to the landscape of the 5G networks. Nevertheless, limited research works are available on efficient transmission of the data when both spectrums are used simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an efficient dynamic spectrum that utilize the licensed and unlicensed bands, based on the distance between the D2D link, in such a way that it selects the best band for establishing the D2D links in the network. The proposed algorithm is based on the distance between the D2D link, where it selects the most efficient band that reduces the interference of the D2D connection and maximizes the network throughput. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm, using dynamic spectrum, achieves a higher network performance compared with other static spectrums.
The Utility of Superoxide Dismutase in Studying Free Radical Reactions (1969)

The superoxide dismutase (dismutase) which has already been found to be useful in detecting the role of O2·- in certain enzymic reactions has here been shown to be applicable to the study of nonenzymic reactions, as well. The aerobic oxidation of sulfate, which proceeds by a free radical chain mechanism, has been investigated with the aid of superoxide dismutase. The spontaneous oxidation of sulfite, which is catalyzed by traces of heavy metals, was unaffected by superoxide dismutase in the absence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate yet was inhibited by 1 ng per ml levels of the dismutase in the presence of EDTA. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been found to be a powerful catalyst of the aerobic oxidation of sulfite. This is a complex reaction with a mechanism which appears to change with changes in the relative concentrations of sulfite and of DMSO. When the ratio of [sulfite] to [DMSO] was high, sulfite oxidation was inhibited by dismutase. In contrast, when the ratio of [sulfite] to [DMSO] was low, dismutase stimulated the oxidation of sulfite. The effects of variation of the concentrationn of sulfite, DMSO, and oxygen on the DMSO-induced sulfite oxidation have been explored. DMSO was found to contain approximately 0.2% of an impurity which was a very effective radical scavenger. This impurity could not be eliminated by treatment with charcoal and vacuum distillation, but it could be destroyed by treatment with H2O2. The reduction of cytochrome c by sulfite and the effects of EDTA, DMSO, oxygen, and dismutase on this reduction have also been studied. The results, which have permitted clarifying deductions concerning these very complex reactions, could not have been achieved, were the superoxide dismutase not available.
Supercomputers-software on the brink (1992)

Prospects for operating systems and languages that will make supercomputers more widely usable are examined. Requirements for supercomputer software and the problems that need to be solved are described. Migration to Unix, which is unifying the operating system environment for supercomputing, is discussed. Languages and dialects are also discussed, and nontraditional languages are considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>