gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–CuO inverse opals: synthesis and improved gas sensing properties towards acetone (2016)

Specific three-dimensional inverse opal (3DIO) In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–CuO architecture with additional via-holes was first prepared by a simple sacrificial template method.
A Novel Soft Elbow Exosuit to Supplement Bicep Lifting Capacity (2018)

This paper investigates the design of a soft elbow exosuit capable of providing supplemental lifting assistance by reducing muscle activity of the bicep muscle. The aim is to improve the efficiency and endurance of workers who are tasked with repetitive lifting. The design consists of an array of pneumatically pressurized soft actuators, which are encased in nylon fabric that allows for a high force-to-weight ratio of 211.SN/g. An analytical model governing the bending behavior of two consecutive actuators and torque generated by the exosuit is developed, with test results showing less than 10% error from the theoretical model. An elbow joint torque value of 27.6N.m is achieved at 300kPa, which is comparable to the 30N.m maximum set by OSHA requirements in the USA. Further testing with a healthy participant is performed using surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors and a motion capture system to assess the capabilities of the exosuit to provide active assistance to the bicep during isometric and concentric contractions. Measurable assistance to lifting is observed with minimal obstruction to the user's range of motion for all experiments.
Progress in RNAi-Based Antiviral Therapeutics (2011)

RNA interference (RNAi) refers to the conserved sequence-specific degradation of message RNA mediated by small interfering (si)RNA duplexes 21-25 nucleotides in length. Given the ability to specifically silence any gene of interest, siRNAs offers several advantages over conventional drugs as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of human maladies including cancers, genetic disorders, and infectious diseases. Antiviral RNAi strategies have received much attention and several compounds are currently being tested in clinical trials. In particular, the development of siRNA-based HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) therapeutics has progressed rapidly and many recent studies have shown that the use of RNAi could inhibit HIV-1 replication by targeting a number of viral or cellular genes. Therefore, the present chapter mainly focuses on the recent progress of RNAi-based anti-HIV gene therapeutics, with particular attention to molecular targets and delivery strategies of the siRNAs.
Spatial light modulator based on a deformed-helix ferroelectric liquid crystal and a thin a-Si:H amorphous photoconductor (1997)

We have developed an optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM) based on a deformed-helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHFLC) and a thin (0.5-mum) amorphous a-Si:H photoconductor. The thin photoconductor permits operation in the transmission mode of a read beam. The OASLM, operated in the integrated mode, exhibits gray levels, a high contrast (>1:40), and a high spatial resolution (exceeding 57 lines/mm). This is a significant improvement over previously reported OASLM's based on DHFLC's.
Variable patterns of neuropsychological performance in HIV-1 infection (2008)

Based upon prior findings with group means, a "prototypical pattern" of neuropsychological results with HIV infection has emerged: impaired executive functioning, motor skills, speed of information processing, and learning, with intact memory retention, most language skills, and visuospatial functioning. We examined neuropsychological results from 553 HIV+ adults to determine the number of patterns seen among individuals with HIV infection. Factor analysis of a relatively comprehensive neuropsychological battery identified 6 component factors: verbal memory (VeM), visual memory (ViM), processing speed (PS), attention/working memory (A/WM), executive function (EF), and motor (M). These factor scores were submitted to hierarchical cluster analysis, to determine the appropriate number of clusters or patterns in the cohort. Final cluster membership was then determined by K-means analysis, based on the Lange, Iverson, Senior, and Chelune (2002) method. A 6-cluster solution was found to be most appropriate. The definitions of the clusters were based upon ipsative scoring of factor scores to indicate relative strengths and weaknesses (independent of overall level of performance): Cluster 1: strong EF; Cluster 2: strong M, weak VeM and EF; Cluster 3: strong PS, weak ViM and EF; Cluster 4: strong VeM, weak M; Cluster 5: strong A/WM; Cluster 6: strong VeM, weak EF. Neuropsychological-impairment rates differed across clusters, but all 6 clusters contained substantial numbers of impaired and unimpaired individuals. Cluster membership was not explained by demographic variables or psychiatric or neuromedical confounds. Thus, there does not appear to be a single, prototypical pattern of neuropsychological impairment associated with HIV infection for this battery of representative neuropsychological tests.
Nucleotide sequence of c-H-ras-1 gene from B6C3F1 mice. (1996)

The c-H-ras-1 gene of an B6C3F1 mouse was isolated and nucleotide sequence determined. Our study has revealed that this c-H-ras-1 gene consists of four exons, separated by three introns ranging in size from 150 to 649 bp. The coding parts of the sequence of mouse c-H-ras-1 gene show no important differences as compared with those of the rat, hamster and human gene. More numerous changes were found in introns. The identity of mouse c-H-ras-1 gene with rat, hamster and human ones at the nucleotide level is 86.40%, 80.04% and 67.87%, respectively. Comparison of amino acids in protein sequence of c-H-ras gene of mouse, rat, hamster and human points to high degree of conservation of the gene.
Evaluation of academic scientists’ responses to situations that pose a conflict of interest (2011)

The industry-academy relationship has many benefits, but it also has potential drawbacks, including potential conflicts of interest (e.g., when the profit motives of a private company unduly influence academic responsibilities). To date, policies intended to regulate or manage financial conflicts of interest appear to be unsatisfying and inadequate. The present study examined predictors of the responses of academic scientists and clinicians to hypothetical situations in which financial and other conflicts of interest may arise. Academic scientists and clinicians at five medical schools completed an anonymous survey that included vignettes that posed a potential conflict of interest. Participants indicated the likelihood that they would engage in specific actions to avoid conflicts of interest. Findings indicated that junior faculty and those whose departments received more federal grant money were more likely to respond in ways that could create conflicts of interest (ps < .05). These results suggest that various sub-groups of faculty may require different approaches to appropriately avoid or manage financial conflicts of interest. These findings may contribute to the development of new policies that deal more effectively with conflicts of interest.
Three-dimensional imaging and photostimulation by remote-focusing and holographic light patterning (2011)

Access to three-dimensional structures in the brain is fundamental to probe signal processing at multiple levels, from integration of synaptic inputs to network activity mapping. Here, we present an optical method for independent three-dimensional photoactivation and imaging by combination of digital holography with remote-focusing. We experimentally demonstrate compensation of spherical aberration for out-of-focus imaging in a range of at least 300 μm, as well as scanless imaging along oblique planes. We apply this method to perform functional imaging along tilted dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in brain slices, after photostimulation by multiple spots glutamate uncaging. By bringing extended portions of tilted dendrites simultaneously in-focus, we monitor the spatial extent of dendritic calcium signals, showing a shift from a widespread to a spatially confined response upon blockage of voltage-gated Na(+) channels.
Back-to-back HVDC system using a 36-step voltage source converter (2006)

A novel 36-step voltage source converter, that allow the number of steps in the output voltage to be increased is proposed. The operational feasibility of the 36-step converter is verified using computer simulations performed with the PSCAD/EMTDC programs and experimental studies performed on a 2 kVA hardware prototype. The propsed 36-step back-to-back converter is shown to be able to indpendently control the active and reactive power of HVDC systems.
Benzil: 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline binary single crystals for nonlinear optical applications (1999)

Benzil:MNA binary organic single crystals have been grown to overcome decomposition tendency and improve mechanical properties of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) which is known to be one of the best organic NLO material. Single crystals of binary system have grown using a transparent Bridgman- Stockbarger system which has fabricated to monitor the growth process. The growth conditions for the flat solid- liquid interface are optimized for the different dopant concentration of benzil. The melt in the self-sealing ampoule is maintained in liquid state without decomposition up to 2 weeks which allows us to grow 20 mm long single crystals. Hardness of 5wt% benzil:MNA is measured to be 13 Kg/mm<SUP>2</SUP> which is 45% higher than benzil. The conversion efficiency of second-harmonic generation is found to be 1.5% with 4.5 mm interaction length. Since MNA is phase-matchable material, this efficiency could be comparable to commercial KDP. Surface quality of binary crystals has maintained its initial condition in air without absorption of water vapor which may be the main cause of surface degradation.
Pesticide Formulations (2010)

PI231, a 14-page illustrated fact sheet by Frederick M. Fishel, provides a basic understanding of formulation types and factors a user should consider when selecting a pesticide formulation. Includes a glossary and additional sources of information. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, June 2010. PI231/PI231: Pesticide Formulations (ufl.edu)
Human-centered interaction with documents (2006)

In this paper, we discuss a new user interface, a complementary environment for the work with personal document archives, i.e. for document filing and retrieval. We introduce our implementation of a spatial medium for document interaction, explorative search and active navigation, which exploits and further stimulates the human strengths of visual information processing. Our system achieves a high degree of immersion of the user, so that he/she forgets the artificiality of his/her environment. This is done by means of a tripartite ensemble of allowing users to interact naturally with gestures and postures (as an option gestures and postures can be individually taught to the system by users), exploiting 3D technology, and supporting the user to maintain structures he/she discovers, as well as provide computer calculated semantic structures. Our ongoing evaluation shows that even non-expert users can efficiently work with the information in a document collection, and have fun.
Increased Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Concentration in Plasma of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure (1997)

The soluble cytoplasm of most cells contains low-molecular-mass (14–15 kDa) proteins able to bind long-chain unesterified fatty acids. Of these so-called fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP), nine different types have been identified (1)(2). Heart and skeletal muscles contain the same type of FABP \[referred to as heart-type (H)-FABP\] (1)(2), but its concentration in the heart is severalfold higher than that in the skeletal muscles (3). The concentration of FABP in the plasma of healthy persons is relatively low (2–6 μg · L−1) (4). FABP is released from the heart early after the onset of infarction, whereafter its plasma concentration increases manyfold (3)(4)(5)(6). Increased excretion of FABP in urine also occurs after infarction (5)(7). Several recent studies indicate the usefulness of the plasma FABP concentration as an early biochemical marker for myocardial infarction diagnosis (3)(5)(7). However, to interpret properly the values of plasma FABP concentration, one has to take into account not only its source and rate of release into plasma but also its elimination from plasma. It is obvious that any change in the clearance rate of FABP would affect its plasma concentration, and thus may lead to erroneous interpretation. Kleine et al. (8) reported a patient with acute myocardial infarction and severe renal insufficiency in whom the plasma FABP concentration remained increased for …
Microarray technology: the future of blood testing? (2001)

The increasing pace of development in molecular biological techniques during the last 10-15 years has had a direct effect on mass testing and diagnostic applications, including blood screening. Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAT), usually based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have been successfully applied to blood grouping and implemented recently in screening of blood donations for hepatitis C virus (HCV). The majority of microarray technologies involve an amplification step, yet the main benefits of this technology come from simultaneous analysis of thousands of analytes. Microarrays were developed to utilize the huge amount of information provided by genome projects, but they have clear potential in mass screening and diagnostics. The application of microarray technology may revolutionize blood testing, providing for the first time the prospect of an integrated platform for comprehensive donor and donation testing, replacing multiple individual assays. Design features of a blood-testing chip and various technologies with potential application in this field are discussed in this review.
Dietary Carotenoids, Serum beta-Carotene, and Retinol and Risk of Lung Cancer in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cohort Study (2002)

Findings from several beta-carotene supplementation trials were unexpected and conflicted with most observational studies. Carotenoids other than beta-carotene are found in a variety of fruits and vegetables and may play a role in this important malignancy, but previous findings regarding the five major carotenoids are inconsistent. The authors analyzed the associations between dietary beta-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, vitamin A, serum beta-carotene, and serum retinol and the lung cancer risk in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort of male smokers conducted in southwestern Finland between 1985 and 1993. Of the 27,084 male smokers aged 50-69 years who completed the 276-food item dietary questionnaire at baseline, 1,644 developed lung cancer during up to 14 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with a lower lung cancer risk (relative risk = 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.86, highest vs. lowest quintile). Lower risks of lung cancer were observed for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of lycopene (28%), lutein/zeaxanthin (17%), beta-cryptoxanthin (15%), total carotenoids (16%), serum beta-carotene (19%), and serum retinol (27%). These findings suggest that high fruit and vegetable consumption, particularly a diet rich in carotenoids, tomatoes, and tomato-based products, may reduce the risk of lung cancer.
A Neural Network Short-Term Forecast of Significant Thunderstorms (1992)

Case studies are the typical means by which meteorologists pass on their knowledge of how to solve a particular weather-forecasting problem to other forecasters. A case study helps others recognize an important pattern and enhances the meteorologist in the meteorologist–machine mix. A neural network is an artificial-intelligence tool that excels in pattern recognition. This tool can become another means of enhancing a forecaster's pattern-recognition ability. Since neural networks are a relatively new tool to meteorologists, some basics are given before discussing a 3–7-h significant thunderstorm forecast developed with this technique. Two neural networks learned to forecast significant thunderstorms from fields of surface-based lifted index and surface moisture convergence. These networks are sensitive to the patterns that skilled forecasters recognize as occurring prior to strong thunderstorms. The two neural networks are combined operationally at the National Severe Storms Forecast Center into a single hourly product that enhances pattern-recognition skills. Examples of neural network products are shown, and their potential impact on significant thunderstorm forecasting is demonstrated.
Promethazine inhibits the formation of aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation but not covalent binding resulting from the exposure of rat liver fractions to CCl4 (1989)

Promethazine is known to have protective activity in relation to CCl4-induced liver necrosis. This hepatoprotective property has been investigated with regard to the free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties of promethazine using isolated hepatocytes and microsomal suspensions. CCl4 is activated in both systems to free radical metabolites that bind covalently to lipid and protein, and initiate lipid peroxidation. A large number of carbonyl products is produced during CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation; promethazine strongly inhibits the production of all classes of carbonyl compounds in both microsomal suspensions and isolated hepatocytes. In contrast, promethazine is a very weak inhibitor of the covalent binding of metabolites of CCl4. We conclude that promethazine acts by scavenging the trichloromethylperoxyl radical and lipid peroxyl radicals, and is a weak scavenger of the trichloromethyl radical. These data, when considered together with the hepatoprotective effects of promethazine, suggest that lipid peroxidation is of relatively more importance than covalent binding in the pathogenesis of CCl4-induced liver necrosis.
Three-dimensional vision structure for robot applications (1988)

Focuses on the structure of robot sensing systems and the techniques for measuring and preprocessing 3-D data. To get the information required for controlling a given robot function, the sensing of 3-D objects is divided into four basic steps: transduction of relevant object properties (primarily geometric and photometric) into a signal; preprocessing the signal to improve it; extracting 3-D object features; and interpreting them. Each of these steps usually may be executed by several alternative techniques (tools). Tools for the transduction of 3-D data and data preprocessing are surveyed. The performance of each tool depends on the specific vision task and its environmental conditions, both of which are variable. Such a system includes so-called tool-boxes, one box for each sensing step, and a supervisor, which controls iterative sensing feedback loops and consists of a rule-based program generator and a program execution controller. Sensing step sequences and tools are illustrated for two 3-D vision applications at SRI International Company: visually guided robot arc welding and locating identical parts in a bin.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low Hydrogen Embrittlement Zinc-Nickel Electroplating: An Alternative to Cadmium-Update (1984)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A zinc-nickel (Zn-Ni) alloy electroplating process has been developed which provides equivalent or superior performance to cadmium (Cd) plating in the following areas: corrosion protection, low hydrogen embrittlement, lubricity, torque tension, installation force, and electrical conductivity. In addition, it offers reduced tendency for exfoliation corrosion of coupled or contacting aluminum structure as compared to Cd plating. Conventional electroplating tank facilities can be converted to the Zn-Ni process with minimal modification. The elimination of Cd and cyanide reduce the waste hazard significantly, and the excellent technical performance makes the low hydrogen embrittlement Zn-Ni electroplating process a viable alternative to Cd plating of high- and low-strength steels in aircraft and other applications.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper is an update of progress for development and implementation of the process during 1983.</div>
Electrical and structural properties of In<i>x</i>Ga1−<i>x</i>N on GaAs (1995)

InxGa1−xN (x=0.07–1.0) layers were grown on GaAs substrates by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy. The films display strong n-type conductivity (n≳1020 cm−3) for a wide range of compositions. The use of an H2 rather than a He carrier gas produces a lower carrier concentration in the as-grown material. The InxGa1−xN is single crystal at low Ga concentrations with the lattice mismatch accommodated by a high density of stacking faults and microtwins. The InN layers contain only the cubic phase, while the ternaries contain both cubic and hexagonal phases.
Real‐Time Delay Estimation Based on Delay History in Many‐Server Service Systems with Time‐Varying Arrivals (2010)

Motivated by interest in making delay announcements in service systems, we study real‐time delay estimators in many‐server service systems, both with and without customer abandonment. Our main contribution here is to consider the realistic feature of time‐varying arrival rates. We focus especially on delay estimators exploiting recent customer delay history. We show that time‐varying arrival rates can introduce significant estimation bias in delay‐history‐based delay estimators when the system experiences alternating periods of overload and underload. We then introduce refined delay‐history estimators that effectively cope with time‐varying arrival rates together with non‐exponential service‐time and abandonment‐time distributions, which are often observed in practice. We use computer simulation to verify that our proposed estimators outperform several natural alternatives.