gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling adaptive video streaming in P2P systems [Peer-to-Peer Multimedia Streaming] (2007)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to deliver large amounts of data at a reduced deployment cost. In addition to fostering the development of novel media applications, P2P systems also represent an interesting alternative paradigm for media streaming applications that can benefit from the inherent self organization and resource scalability available in such environments. This article presents an overview of application and network layer mechanisms that enable successful streaming frameworks in peer-to-peer systems. We describe media delivery architectures that can be deployed over P2P networks to address the specific requirements of streaming applications. In particular, we show how video-streaming applications can benefit from the diversity offered by P2P systems and implement distributed-streaming and scheduling solutions with multi-path packet transmission.
Oat-cell carcinoma of the thymus (1982)

Oat-cell carcinoma of the thymus gland is exceedingly rare as a primary lesion, and only a few cases have been reported. We report a case in which a neoplasm interpreted as an oat-cell carcinoma was intimately associated with and arose in transition from a carcinoid tumor of the thymus. Ultrastructural features of this lesion were unusual compared with previous descriptions of thymus neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Green Electroluminescence from ZnS-CuGaS<sub>2</sub> Heterojunction Diode in DC Operation (1991)

The dc green electroluminescence (EL) from the ZnS-CuGaS 2 heterojunction diode is described in the temperature range of 93-291 K. The EL spectrum at 93 K which consists of the only band peaking at 514 nm resembles the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. At elevated temperatures, another emission band emerges at the shorter-wavelength side of the main band. The main peak position shifts toward the longer-wavelength direction with increasing temperature and reaches 529 nm at 291 K. The EL intensity, which rises steeply with the current, decreases with increasing temperature.
Parallel algorithms and architectures for discrete relaxation technique (2002)

Three parallel implementations based on three alternate sequential approaches are presented. The first design is a systolic array based on the known sequential method. An execution time of O(n/sup 2/m/sup 2/) is achieved with nm processing elements (PEs), with each PE composed of simple logic elements. The second design employs broadcast bus feature to speed up the execution of an alternate sequential method. Linear speedup is achieved by using nm processing elements. The sequential method has an execution time of O(n/sup 2/m/sup 2/) and the proposed parallel design runs in O(nm) time. The third design is a modified approach which is well suited for implementation on general-purpose machines. These designs achieve superior performance compared with the existing designs in terms of their simplicity, execution time, and domain of applications. Using the proposed designs, an efficient parallel implementation of stereo matching based on linear segments as primitives is derived.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from Human Blood Group A Plasma (1974)

Abstract An N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase which is present in the plasma only of individuals of blood groups A and AB was found to adsorb to agarose gel beads. The binding could be reversed by addition of uridine nucleotides. These properties appear to be unique characteristics of this enzyme among glycosyltransferases and other proteins in human plasma. The enzyme probably binds to an inhibitor of the glycosyltransferase reaction which is present in the agarose. The specific binding exhibited by this transferase allowed an essentially one-step purification of the enzyme to be achieved by a simple adsorption to agarose and elution with UDP.
Polydentate disulfides for enhanced stability of AuNPs and facile nanocavity formation (2012)

Stabilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a unique polydentate disulfide ligand, poly(DSDMA) synthesized by selective polymerization of bis(methacryloyl hydroxyethyl)disulfide (DSDMA), results in 2.2 nm monodisperse AuNPs, which exhibit Coulomb blockade at room temperature. A higher graft density (1.8 chains nm−2) of the polydentate ligand results in additional stability in DMF up to one year and competitive exchange against DTT (100 mM) up to 72 h. Crosslinking of the polymer remarkably enhances the thermal stability up to 140 °C for 4 h and also during selective etching by methyl iodide which results in nanocapsules as confirmed by TEM and AFM.
Calcium Scoring of the Coronary Artery by Electron Beam CT (2002)

For the patients in this study, a threshold of 120 H for the detection of coronary calcification by electron beam CT seemed more appropriate than a threshold of 130 H, which is currently in use. However, given the great inter- and intraindividual variability, a biologic threshold tailored to the individual patient and to each individual imaging level should be used instead of a fixed threshold.
The Growth of a Vortex in Turbulent Flow (1965)

Summary The growth of a line vortex with time and the spread of a trailing vortex behind a wing due to turbulence are considered. It is shown that the eddy viscosity for this type of motion may be taken to be proportional to the circulation round the vortex and the solution is then similar to the solution for the growth of a vortex in laminar flow. The method is applied to calculate the distance behind a wing for which the trailing vortices will touch one another.
Identification of microRNA signature and potential pathway targets in prostate cancer (2016)

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among American men. Early diagnosis is a prerequisite to improving therapeutic benefits. However, the current clinical biomarkers for PC do not reliably decipher indolent PC from other urogenital disorders. Thus, effective clinical intervention necessitates development of new biomarkers for early detection of PC. The present study aimed to identify the miRNA signature in organ-confined (Gleason Score 6) prostate tumors. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) array analysis identified 118 upregulated and 73 downregulated miRNAs in microdissected tumors in comparison to matched neighboring normal prostate epithelium. The miRs-Plus-A1083, -92b-5p, -18a-3p, -19a-3p, -639, -3622b-3p, -3189-3p, -155-3p, -410, -1179, 548b-5p, and -4469 are predominantly expressed (7-11-fold), whereas miRs-595, 4490, -3120-5p, -1299, -21-5p, -3677-3, -let-7b-5p, -5189, 3-121-5p, -4518, -200a-5p, -3682-5p, -3689d, -3149 represent the most downregulated (12-113-fold) miRNAs in microdissected prostate tumors. The array expression profile of selected miRNA signature and their potential mRNA targets was validated by qRT-PCR analysis in PC cell lines. Integrated in silico and computational prediction analyses demonstrated that the dysregulated miRNA signature map to key regulatory factors involved in tumorigenesis, including cell cycle, apoptosis, and p53 pathways. The newly identified miRNA signature has potential clinical utility as biomarkers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets for early detection of PC. Further studies are needed to assess the functional significance and clinical usefulness of the identified miRNAs. Impact Statement To our knowledge his is the first study of identifying miRNA signatures in microdissected indolent (Gleason score 6) prostate cancer in comparison to matched normal prostate epithelium. By employing in silico and computational prediction analysis, the study provides a landscape of potential miRNA targets and key cellular pathways involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Identification if miRNAs and their relevant targets and pathways pave the way for underpinning their mechanistic role of miRNAs in human prostate tumorigenesis, and possibly other human cancers. Importantly, the outcome of the study has important clinical implications for the management of prostate cancer, including the use of miRNA(s) as biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer.
Crystallization of Amorphous Cellulose (1984)

Recrystallization behavior of the hydrolysates of native and thrice mercerized cotton, ball-milled to yield samples of different amorphity, was studied using x-ray diffraction. For crystallization of amorphous cellulose into cellulose I lattice, the presence of cellulose I nuclei seems to be a prerequisite. In a partially ball-milled cellulose I . sample, crystallization into cellulose II does not start until the amorphous content is as high as 75% or more. Results are discussed on the basis of the current ideas of the fine structure of fibers.
Intelligent Inspection Processes for Intelligent Maintenance: The Potential of RFID in the Petroleum Industry (2013)

The paper attempts to assess the potential of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology to imp rove pipe inspection and maintenance in a refinery and to mitigate crit ical risks associated with pip ing systems in such facility. Results demonstrate that the added value of RFID is main ly derived fro m its introspection capabilities: self-conscious intelligent objects (in this case, p ipes) become easier to monitor and control. Moreover, intelligent processes are derived fro m the RFID system, either for inspection (e.g. remote measurement and control of pipes external wall thickness and fitness), or for maintenance (by imp roving regulatory reporting, controlling staff access prior to inspection and maintenance, and, planning and streamlin ing an appropriate maintenance strategy). Finally, the RFID-enabled inspection and maintenance management system supports both exp licit and imp licit knowledge and is conductive to new organizational and inter-organizational knowledge creation.
Making Sense of Recent Cost-of-Foodborne-Illness Estimates (2013)

Three recent studies provide cost-of-foodborne-illness estimates ranging from $14.1 billion to $152 billion. This report shows that differences in these estimates are largely due to the number of diseases considered, the valuation methods used, and uncertainty about disease incidence estimates.
Prestressed FRP Sheets as External Reinforcement of Wood Members (1992)

High strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, and electromagnetic neutrality make fiber‐reinforced plastic (FRP) a suitable candidate in many structural applications, including rehabilitation and strengthening as well as the development of new wood members. Advanced forms of reinforced wood construction can enable contemporary wood structures to play an even greater role in today's construction. In this work, the writers establish a novel technique for reinforcing wood members involving external bonding of pretensioned FRP sheets on their tension zones. An analytical model for the maximum initial pretension is verified with tests on carbon/epoxy‐prestressed wood beams. Additional studies, both analytical and experimental of the flexural behavior of wood beams reinforced with prestressed carbon/epoxy FRP sheets demonstrate the superior performance of the hybrid system and emphasize its favorable strength, stiffness, and ductility characteristics. Finally, a methodology is described for the selection of composite material dimensions and initial prestressing to maximize structural performance.
Gene therapy of autoimmune diseases with vectors encoding regulatory cytokines or inflammatory cytokine inhibitors (2000)

Gene therapy offers advantages for the immunotherapeutic delivery of cytokines or their inhibitors. After gene transfer, these mediators are produced at relatively constant, non-toxic levels and sometimes in a tissue-specific manner, obviating limitations of protein administration. Therapy with viral or nonviral vectors is effective in several animal models of autoimmunity including Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), colitis, thyroiditis and various forms of arthritis. Genes encoding transforming growth factor beta, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 are most frequently protective. Autoimmune/ inflammatory diseases are associated with excessive production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interferon gamma (IFNgamma). Vectors encoding inhibitors of these cytokines, such as IL-1 receptor antagonist, soluble IL-1 receptors, IL-12p40, soluble TNFalpha receptors or IFNgamma-receptor/IgG-Fc fusion proteins are protective in models of either arthritis, Type 1 DM, SLE or EAE. We use intramuscular injection of naked plasmid DNA for cytokine or anticytokine therapy. Muscle tissue is accessible, expression is usually more persistent than elsewhere, transfection efficiency can be increased by low-voltage in vivo electroporation, vector administration is simple and the method is inexpensive. Plasmids do not induce neutralizing immunity allowing repeated administration, and are suitable for the treatment of chronic immunological diseases.
Injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception: an update for U.S. clinicians. (1998)

Injectable contraceptions appeal to women who value the efficacy, convenience, and safety provided by this reversible birth control option. Since FDA approval for contraceptive use in 1992, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA)--already used by millions of women worldwide--has been used by several million U.S. women. Although women using this 3-month progestin-only injectable often experience irregular bleeding and spotting (initially), long-term DMPA use typically results in amenorrhea. Many users, including adolescents, choose DMPA because of its convenience--nearly 100% contraceptive effectiveness is achieved with 4 injections per year. Because DMPA does not contain estrogen, it represents an appropriate contraceptive choice for postpartum or lactating women, as well as those whose medical status precludes use of contraceptive doses of estrogen. Some examples include: women over age 35 who smoke, those with increased thromboembolism risk, women with cardiovascular or liver disease, as well as women with complex migraines. Although fertility resumes on the average 10 months following the last injection, suppression of ovulation occasionally persists for as long as 22 months. Consequently, DMPA is not an appropriate choice for women who may wish to conceive within the next two years. Since the use of DMPA lowers ovarian estradiol production, reversible loss of bone mineral density (BMD) may occur. Studies currently in progress may clarify DMPA's long-term impact, if any, on BMD. Therapeutic uses of DMPA include treatment of: dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia (including that associated with fibroid uterine tumors), endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, ovulatory pain, pain associated with ovarian adhesive disease, premenstrual dysphoria and perimenopausal symptoms.
Transition noise properties in longitudinal thin-film media (1993)

Transition noise properties in longitudinal thin film media are studied by micromagnetic modeling. The mechanism for enhancement of transition noise at small bit intervals due to intertransition interaction is investigated. The noise dependence on the medium parameters, such as saturation magnetization and film thickness, is calculated. Reducing either the saturation magnetization or the film thickness yields a reduction of transition noise at low recording densities and a reduction of the noise enhancement at high recording densities. The effect of stress-induced longitudinal magnetic orientation is studied for an application of a uniaxial and spatial uniform compressive stress in the recording direction. The calculation shows that films with higher orientation ratio exhibit higher transition noise at small bit intervals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Efficient sources for chip-to-chip to box-to-box communication within data centers (2010)

Vertical-cavity lasers with strained active regions show increased modulation rates and reliability at lower power dissipation. However, their longer wavelength (980-1100 nm) than the standard 850 nm has inhibited their widespread adoption. Given the huge emerging markets for high-speed, high-efficiency data links, should this inhibition be overcome?
Alfred Marx, Le Sacrifice Israélite de 1750 à nos jours. Histoire de la recherche. Thèse de doctorat de 3e cycle, 1977 (1979)

Jacob Edmond. Alfred Marx, Le Sacrifice Israélite de 1750 à nos jours. Histoire de la recherche. Thèse de doctorat de 3e cycle, 1977. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 59e année n°1,1979. pp. 109-110.
An anti-CD2 mAb induces immunosuppression and hyporesponsiveness of CD2<sup>+</sup> human T cells <i>in vitro</i> (1996)

We describe here the potent specific immunosuppression obtained in vitro by LO-CD2a, a rat mAb directed against the human CD2 molecule. Addition of low dose LO-CD2a (40 ng/ml) at the time of mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) initiation inhibits 80% of the proliferation and, more impressive, addition of the mAb 4 days after culture initiation at a similar concentration still suppresses 50% of the MLC. When responder T cells previously treated with LO-CD2a are challenged a second time by the same donor or third party allogeneic cells, hyporesponsiveness occurs in both cases, although reactivity to T cell mitogenic stimulation persists. Finally, the low production of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IFN-gamma after incubation of human T cells with LO-CD2a suggests the absence of T cell activation. These results demonstrate that LO-CD2a mAb has a significant immunosuppressive effect and induces hyporesponsiveness in vitro, thereby suggesting potential efficacy in vivo for the treatment of acute rejection and for the induction of tolerance in allotransplantation.
Sol−Gel Preparation of PDMS/Silica Hybrid Antireflective Coatings with Controlled Thickness and Durable Antireflective Performance (2010)

Thick silica antireflective (AR) coatings with controlled thickness and durable AR performance were prepared by a base-catalyzed sol−gel process using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as precursor and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a modifier. The addition of PDMS greatly increased the controllable viscosity range of the silica sol but did not obviously affect the particle size. This phenomenon is attributed to a “compulsive aggregation” process of the sol, which involves the formation of “PDMS bridges” between silica particles in the sol. The mechanism of “PDMS bridge” formation is proposed based on sol viscosity, sol particle size changes, and FTIR identification. The increased controllable viscosity range provided a convenient way to prepare AR coatings with controlled thickness and therefore with controlled wavelength of maximum transmittance. The introduction of PDMS into the silica sol also increased the hydrophobicity and hence the durability of the AR coatings in wet environments.
Studies in Stereochemistry. XXXII. Mechanism of Elimination of Sulfoxides<sup>1</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies in Stereochemistry. XXXII. Mechanism of Elimination of Sulfoxides1Charles A. Kingsbury and Donald J. CramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 7, 1810–1819Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01492a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01492a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views880Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Energy-efficient MESI cache coherence with pro-active snoop filtering for multicore microprocessors (2008)

We present a snoop filtering mechanism for multicore microprocessors that implement coherent caches using the MESI protocol. The relatively small filter structure at each core maintains coarse-grain sharing information about regions within a page to filter out snoops. On broadcast, the sharing status of all regions within the page is collected proactively and up to 90% of unnecessary snoops are eliminated. The energy savings resulting from snoop filtering in our scheme average about 30% across the benchmarks studied for both a quad core design in 65 nm and 8-core design in 45 nm CMOS.
Phosphorylation of Estrogen Receptor-α at Ser167 Is Indicative of Longer Disease-Free and Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients (2007)

These findings show that phosphorylation at Ser(167) of ER predicts for likelihood of response of ER-positive breast cancer patients to endocrine therapies.
Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Member of the Neural Zinc Finger Factor/Myelin Transcription Factor Family with Transcriptional Repression Activity (1998)

Myelin transcription factor 1 (MyT1) and neural zinc finger factor 1 (NZF-1) represent the first two members of an emerging family of neural specific, zinc finger-containing DNA-binding proteins. MyT1 has been shown recently to play a critical role in neuronal cell differentiation during development. We have cloned the third member of the NZF/MyT family, referred to as neural zinc finger factor 3 (NZF-3). The cDNA sequence predicts a protein of 1,032 amino acids which contains two clusters of zinc fingers similar to MyT1 and NZF-1. Unlike MyT1 and NZF-1, NZF-3 does not contain an acidic domain at the amino terminus or a serine/threonine-rich region between the two finger clusters. NZF-3 binds to a DNA element containing a single copy of the previously described AAAGTTT consensus motif for these factors but exhibits a marked enhancement in relative affinity to a bipartite element containing two copies of the consensus motif. In contrast to MyT1 and NZF-1, which are known to activate transcription, cotransfection experiments revealed that NZF-3 confers repression on the basal activity of promoters containing the consensus binding elements. The identification of an additional member of the NZF/MyT family provides an opportunity to investigate the relative contribution of members of this family of transcription factors to the complex regulatory processes in neural development and homeostasis.