gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Old wine new bottles: policy options for the former colleges of education (1987)

Abstract A group of 60 or so institutions in England and Wales, referred to as colleges or institutions of higher education, have fought hard over the last ten years to establish a role for themselves in higher education. The ‘college sector’ includes institutions with a variety of backgrounds whose acceptance as a legitimate part of British higher education has only been gained in the face of competition, and at times, opposition, from polytechnics and universities The results from a recent project, involving a number of institutions whose origins were in teacher education, indicates strong support from college students for this form of higher education. However, many former BA and BSc students from this sector experienced difficulties when attempting to pursue graduate careers outside of teaching. The purpose of the present article is to consider the policy implications of the results, and review a number of possible models for the future direction and identity of those institutions known as the former colleges of education.
A locus-sensitive proportional counter (1967)

A proportional counter has been constructed with a gas amplification factor varying continuously by several orders of magnitude over the tube length. Used as a detector for monochromatic radiation, the apparatus is designed to yield a pulse spectrum mapping the locus of the incoming radiation. Simultaneous detection of spectral regions can be accomplished by means of multichannel analysing techniques. The principle was conceived for small-angle scattering of x rays, but it may well be useful in many other fields.
HAND: Highly Available Dynamic Deployment Infrastructure for Globus Toolkit 4 (2007)

Grid computing is becoming more and more attractive for coordinating large-scale heterogeneous resource sharing and problem solving. Of particular interest for effective grid computing is a software provisioning mechanism. We propose a highly available dynamic deployment infrastructure, HAND, based on the Java Web services core of Globus toolkit 4. HAND provides capability, availability, and extensibility for dynamic deployment of Java Web services in dynamic grid environments. We identify the factors that have impact to dynamic deployment in static and dynamic environments. We also present the design, analysis, implementation, and evaluation of two different approaches to dynamic deployment (service level and container level), and examine the performance of alternative data transfer protocol for service implementations. Our results demonstrate that HAND can deliver significantly improved availability and performance relative to other approaches
Purification and Characterization of Extracellular Isoamylase from Flavobacterium sp (1980)

Abstract An extracellular isoamylase from Flavobacterium sp. , was purified by fractionation with ammonium sulfate, DEAE‐cellulose, DEAE‐Sephadex A‐50, and CM‐cellulose column chromatography. Single band of the debranching activity of the purified enzyme was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme efficiently hydrolyzed α‐1,6‐glucosidic linkage of glycogen and amylopectin and formed amylose chains, but did not hydrolyze pullulan. The enzyme released maltotriose from ß‐limit dextrin of waxy maize amylopectin and glycogen, but no detectable maltose and glucose. Action of the isoamylase is similar to other microbial isoamylases but its physical properties are different.
Statins (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors) Decrease Postoperative Adhesions by Increasing Peritoneal Fibrinolytic Activity (2007)

These data suggest that statins administered within the peritoneum can up-regulate local fibrinolysis, while the in vitro studies show that this effect may be mediated, in part, by intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway that regulate Rho protein signaling.
Automated distillation procedure for the determination of nitrogen (1969)

A distillation step has been incorporated into the automated determination of ammonia by the indophenol method.By this means the application of the method has been extended, and interference from metal ions and the need for dialysis of turbid solutions have been eliminated. The reliability of the method has been improved without loss of speed.
Natriuretic Peptides Inhibit DNA Synthesis in Cardiac Fibroblasts (1995)

We have examined the effects of the natriuretic peptides on DNA synthesis in primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. Binding analysis using 125I-labeled atrial natriuretic peptide identified a single class of high-affinity binding sites (Kd = 0.03 +/- 0.01 nmol/L) in these cells. Of these sites, 80% appear to be of the natriuretic peptide C receptor subtype, with the remainder being A and B receptor subtypes. Northern blot analysis confirmed the presence of all three natriuretic peptide receptors in these cells. Atrial natriuretic peptide (10(-7) mol/L) effected a modest but consistent reduction in both agonist- and stretch-stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation (17% to 41%). Moreover, brain natriuretic peptide (10(-7) mol/L), C-type natriuretic peptide (10(-7) mol/L), and des-[Gln18,Ser19,Gly20,Leu21,Gly22]-ANF 4-23-NH2 (10(-7) to 10(-6) mol/L) all proved capable of antagonizing growth factor-dependent [3H]thymidine incorporation (the inhibition ranged from 14% to 28%) and cell proliferation, suggesting that all three natriuretic peptide receptor subtypes are involved in the regulation of mitogenesis in these cultures. The inhibition by atrial natriuretic peptide was amplified by cotreatment with phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Similar reduction in [3H]thymidine incorporation was seen after treatment with 8-bromo-cGMP (10(-4) to 10(-3) mol/L) or nitroprusside (10(-4) to 10(-3) mol/L). These results suggest an important paracrine role for the natriuretic peptides in regulating fibroblast growth during cardiac hypertrophy.
OmpR Regulates the Stationary-Phase Acid Tolerance Response of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhimurium (2000)

Tolerance to acidic environments is an important property of free-living and pathogenic enteric bacteria. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium possesses two general forms of inducible acid tolerance. One is evident in exponentially growing cells exposed to a sudden acid shock. The other is induced when stationary-phase cells are subjected to a similar shock. These log-phase and stationary-phase acid tolerance responses (ATRs) are distinct in that genes identified as participating in log-phase ATR have little to no effect on the stationary-phase ATR (I. S. Lee, J. L. Slouczewski, and J. W. Foster, J. Bacteriol. 176:1422-1426, 1994). An insertion mutagenesis strategy designed to reveal genes associated with acid-inducible stationary-phase acid tolerance (stationary-phase ATR) yielded two insertions in the response regulator gene ompR. The ompR mutants were defective in stationary-phase ATR but not log-phase ATR. EnvZ, the known cognate sensor kinase, and the porin genes known to be controlled by OmpR, ompC and ompF, were not required for stationary-phase ATR. However, the alternate phosphodonor acetyl phosphate appears to play a crucial role in OmpR-mediated stationary-phase ATR and in the OmpR-dependent acid induction of ompC. This conclusion was based on finding that a mutant form of OmpR, which is active even though it cannot be phosphorylated, was able to suppress the acid-sensitive phenotype of an ack pta mutant lacking acetyl phosphate. The data also revealed that acid shock increases the level of ompR message and protein in stationary-phase cells. Thus, it appears that acid shock induces the production of OmpR, which in its phosphorylated state can trigger expression of genes needed for acid-induced stationary-phase acid tolerance.
Low-Loss Gyromagnetic Coupling through Single Crystal Garnets (1959)

This paper describes methods of synthesizing filters and gyrators using strong coupling of a small volume of ferrimagnetic material to an electromagnetic circuit. The small volume of material is treated as a lumped element resonator and it is shown that energy can be coupled through this resonator with low loss. The device uses the material for low-loss transmission of microwave energy. The practical realization of devices using this principle depends upon strong coupling of the material to the circuit and the use of “low-loss” materials such as single crystal garnets. The synthesis leads to the design of physically small electronically tunable filters, compact circulators and isolators. Such techniques may also be useful for the realization of low-frequency lumped element devices. Calculations and preliminary tests indicate that devices of this type will lead to the practical realization of solid state TR cells.
Condensation of CO2 at Low Temperature inside Horizontal Microfinned Tubes (2003)

Enhanced tubes have been commonly used in heat exchangers for 30 years. Modern micro-fin tubes play a\nsignificant role in high-efficiency refrigerators and air conditioners with their significantly enhanced heat transfer\ncoefficients and low pressure loss characteristics. Experimental data for condensation exist for commonly used\nrefrigerants but not for CO2 at low temperatures. This study investigates inner heat transfer coefficient and pressure\ndrop during condensation of CO2 inside micro-fin tubes at low temperatures.\nA test rig has been build to measure heat transfer coefficients in horizontal condenser pipes and adiabatic\nhorizontal and vertical pressure drop at low temperatures. Heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop are measured\nat different mass flux, qualities, saturation and wall temperatures. Correlations for commonly used refrigerants and\nhigher condensation temperatures are used to predict measured data for CO2 at low temperatures. Results for microfin\ntubes with new geometric parameters are compared to smooth tube data.\nMain results are the fact that the heat transfer coefficients of the investigated micro-fin tube are less\ndependent on mass flux as heat transfer coefficients of smooth tubes. It was found that lower saturation temperature\nresults in higher heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop for the micro-fin tube similar to the smooth tube. Heat\ntransfer coefficients for micro-fin tubes are not dependent on the temperature difference between saturation\ntemperature and inner wall temperature. The experimental data for both the smooth and the micro-fin tube were over\npredicted by correlations. Enhancement factors show that micro-fin tubes increase heat transfer coefficients most for\nlow mass flux and high qualities. At that conditions heat transfer coefficients for the micro-fin tube are 3 times\nhigher than for the smooth tube. Penalty factors indicate that the increase in pressure drop is highest for low mass\nflux and low qualities. At that conditions penalty factors are 1.9 decreasing to 1.2 for high qualities. Further research\nwill be done on other geometrical parameters including different tube diameters for micro-fun tubes
Fatalism and Ability (1962)

Fatalism and Ability Get access Richard Taylor Richard Taylor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Analysis, Volume 23, Issue 2, December 1962, Pages 25–29, https://doi.org/10.1093/analys/23.2.25 Published: 01 December 1962
TRESOR-HUNT (2012)

Hard disk encryption is known to be vulnerable to a number of attacks that aim to directly extract cryptographic key material from system memory. Several approaches to preventing this class of attacks have been proposed, including Tresor [18] and LoopAmnesia [25]. The common goal of these systems is to confine the encryption key and encryption process itself to the CPU, such that sensitive key material is never released into system memory where it could be accessed by a DMA attack.
Flow‐independent angiography for peripheral vascular disease: Initial in‐vivo results (1997)

Flow-independent angiography (FIA), an approach that isolates arterial blood using MR relaxation characteristics rather than flow effects, was evaluated for application in peripheral vascular disease (PVD). First, pilot studies were conducted in which FIA coronal projection images were obtained from controls and symptomatic patients with PVD to assess clinical utility. All control images corresponded to the expected leg arterial anatomy with little interference from deep veins (one of five) and muscle (zero of five). Superficial venous signal was less well suppressed in comparison to deep veins (four of five). Images of symptomatic patients were less consistent with difficulty suppressing muscle and deep venous signal in some cases and edema when present. We then compared T2 values for muscle (T2m, tibialis anterior), arterial blood (femoral and popliteal arteries), and venous blood (femoral, popliteal, and saphenous veins) in controls (n = 8) and symptomatic patients with intermittent claudication (n = 5) or ischemic rest pain (n = 7). Changes in T2 measurements of various tissues accounted for poorer contrast in symptomatic patients. Patients with ischemic rest pain had significantly higher T2m compared with controls (T2m = 39.3 +/- 2.1 (1 standard error of the mean [SEM]) versus 30.9 +/- .4, P < .01). For all measurements, other than saphenous vein, variances were greater in symptomatic patients. To realize the inherent advantages of FIA for this clinical application, additional work on suppression of signals from muscle, veins, and edema is required. One promising approach involves shifting from projection images to three-dimensional acquisitions for improved tissue suppression.
Expression of Novel Surface Antigens on Early Hematopoietic Cells<sup>a</sup> (1999)

The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the expression of very recently identified surface antigens on CD34+ and AC133+ bone marrow (BM) cells. Coexpression analysis of AC133 and defined antigens on CD34+ BM cells revealed that the majority of the CD164+, CD135+, CD117+, CD38low, CD33+, and CD71low cells resides in the AC133+ population. In contrast, most of the CD10+ and CD19+ B cell progenitors and a fraction of the CD71high population are AC133-, indicating that CD34+AC133+ cells are enriched in primitive and myeloid progenitor cells, whereas CD34+AC133- cells mainly consist of B cell and late erythroid progenitors. This corresponds to the highly reduced percentage of CD10+ B cells and the absence of CD71high erythroid progenitors on AC133+ selected BM cells. A portion of 0.2-0.7% of the AC133+ selected cells do not coexpress CD34. These cells are very small and define a uniform CD71-, CD117-, CD10-, CD38low, CD135+, HLA-DRhigh, CD45+ population with unknown delineation. Four color analysis on CD34+CD38- BM cells revealed that virtually all of these primitive cells express AC133. Using an improved liposome-enhanced labeling technique for the staining of weakly expressed antigens, subsets of this population could be identified which express the angiopoietin receptors TIE (67.6%) and TEK (36.8%), the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors FLT1 (7%), FLT4 (3.2%), and KDR (10.4%), or the receptor tyrosine kinases HER-2 (15.4%) and FLT3 (CD135; 77.6%). Our results suggest that the CD34+CD38- population is heterogeneous with respect to the expression of the analyzed receptor tyrosine kinases.
Human RecQ Helicases in DNA Repair, Recombination, and Replication (2014)

RecQ helicases are an important family of genome surveillance proteins conserved from bacteria to humans. Each of the five human RecQ helicases plays critical roles in genome maintenance and stability, and the RecQ protein family members are often referred to as guardians of the genome. The importance of these proteins in cellular homeostasis is underscored by the fact that defects in BLM, WRN, and RECQL4 are linked to distinct heritable human disease syndromes. Each human RecQ helicase has a unique set of protein-interacting partners, and these interactions dictate its specialized functions in genome maintenance, including DNA repair, recombination, replication, and transcription. Human RecQ helicases also interact with each other, and these interactions have significant impact on enzyme function. Future research goals in this field include a better understanding of the division of labor among the human RecQ helicases and learning how human RecQ helicases collaborate and cooperate to enhance genome stability.
Application of a Divided-Wall Column for the Trichlorosilane Refining Process (2010)

In this study, we suggest the application of the divided-wall column (DWC) to the existing trichlorosilane(TCS) purification process in the commercial polysilicon manufacturing process. Using Aspen HYSYS V7.1, an extensive simulation study was carried out for the analysis of the energy consumptions and capital cost for the conventional sequential distillation configuration and the DWC for producing a given purity and yield of trichlorosilane. As a result, it is shown that the DWC saves the separation energy by 61% and the equipment cost by 58% compared with the conventional distillation process.
Enzymatic reduction of xenobiotic alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones: formation of allyl alcohol metabolites from shogaol and dehydroparadol. (1994)

A novel reductive metabolism of shogaol [1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-deca-4-ene-3-one], a major pungent and pharmacologically active principle of ginger, was investigated in rat liver in vitro. The ethyl acetate extractable metabolites formed by incubation of this alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone with rat liver 12,000 x g supernatant fortified with NADPH-generating system were analyzed by high performance chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In addition to the saturated ketone and reduced alcohol metabolites, an allyl alcohol, 1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-deca-4-ene-3-ol, was identified as a new metabolite of shogaol. Likewise, dehydroparadol [1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-deca-1-ene-3-one], a non-pungent analog of shogaol, was also reduced to the corresponding allyl alcohol by the postmitochondrial fraction of rat kidney in the presence of NADPH-generating system.
Bupivacaine in microcapsules prolongs analgesia after subcutaneous infiltration in humans: a dose-finding study. (2004)

In this study, we examined the onset and duration of local analgesic effects of bupivacaine incorporated into biodegradable microcapsules (extended-duration local anesthetic; EDLA) administered as subcutaneous infiltrations in different doses in humans. In 18 volunteers, the skin on the medial calf was infiltrated with 10 mL of EDLA, and the opposite calf was infiltrated with 10 mL of aqueous bupivacaine (5.0 mg/mL) in a double-blinded, randomized manner. Three different concentrations of EDLA were tested (6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/mL), with 6 subjects in each group. Pain responses to mechanical and heat stimuli and sensory thresholds (touch, warm, and cold detection thresholds) were examined by von Frey hairs and contact thermodes. Assessments were made before and 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 h after the injections. Safety evaluations were performed daily for the first week and at 2 wk, 6 wk, and 6 mo after the injections. The time to maximum effects was significantly shorter for aqueous bupivacaine (2-6 h) than for EDLA (4-24 h), but there were no significant differences between the maximum effects of EDLA and aqueous bupivacaine. From 24 to 96 h after the injections, EDLA was significantly more efficient than aqueous bupivacaine for all variables, and significant effects of EDLA were demonstrated for at least 96 h for all variables. In general, a dose-response gradient was seen in the EDLA group for 5 of 7 variables when the curves expressing effect over time for the different concentrations were evaluated. No serious side effects were observed for up to 6 mo after administration. In conclusion, bupivacaine incorporated in microcapsules provided analgesia for 96 h after subcutaneous infiltration.
Marijuana components suppress induction and cytolytic function of murine cytotoxic T cells in vitro and in vivo (1991)

Killer lymphocytes play a major role in host defense against tumors and infectious diseases. Previously, we reported that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and II-hydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (II-hydroxy-THC) suppressed the cytolytic activity of cultured natural killer (NK) cells. Also, we showed that the drugs appeared to be affecting a stage in the killing process subsequent to the binding of the killer cell to the target cell. In the present report, we have extended these studies to an examination of the effect of cannabinoids on the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The cytolytic activity of CTLs generated by cocultivation with either allospecific stimulators or TNP-modified-self stimulators were suppressed by both THC and II-hydroxy-THC treatment. Allospecific CTLs generated in vivo were also inhibited by an in vitro exposure to either THC or II-hydroxy-THC, and the sensitivity of these cells to drug effects appeared to be greater than the sensitivity of the in vitro generated CTLs. Suppression of cytolytic function by THC and II-hydroxy-THC was maximal after a 4-h drug treatment, suggesting that the drug effects were inducible and therefore required a finite period of time to develop maximally. As seen in previous studies involving NK cells, drug treatment of mature CTLs appears to have little effect on the binding capacity of these cells for the target. However, the maximal killing capacity of the cells and the frequency of CTLs were significantly reduced by drug treatment. In addition to suppressing the cytolytic activity of mature effector CTLs, we also show that drug treatment inhibits both the proliferation of lymphocytes responding to an allogeneic stimulus and the maturation of these lymphocytes to mature CTLs. Similarly, CTL activity developing in vivo could be inhibited by THC injection. These results suggest that CTLs are inhibited by cannabinoids by at least two mechanisms. First, the cytolytic activity of mature killers is suppressed at some point beyond the binding to the target cell. Second, the cannabinoids appear to suppress the normal development of these mature effector cells from less mature precursor cells.