gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Polysulfated Galactose-Derivatized Dendrimers as Binding Antagonists of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection (2004)

Evidence indicates that galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) and its 3'-sulfated derivative, sulfatide (SGalCer), may act as alternate coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in CD4(-) cells. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) may also be necessary for fusion of HIV-1 and host cell membranes. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine which GSL was the best ligand for both recombinant and virus-associated gp120, we found that SGalCer was the best ligand for each rgp120 and HIV-1 isolate tested. Therefore, novel multivalent glycodendrimers, which mimic the carbohydrate clustering reportedly found in lipid rafts, were synthesized based on the carbohydrate moiety of SGalCer. Here we describe the synthesis of a polysulfated galactose functionalized, fifth generation DAB dendrimer (PS Gal 64mer), containing on average two sulfate groups per galactose residue. Its ability to inhibit HIV-1 infection of cultured indicator cells was compared to that of dextran sulfate (DxS), a known, potent, binding inhibitor of HIV-1. The results indicate that the PS Gal 64mer inhibited infection by the HIV-1 isolates tested as well as DxS.
N-GLYCOLYLNEURAMINIC ACID-CONTAINING GLYCOCONJUGATE AS TUMOR-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN (1990)

02/90-MR-2) nutziu(1) in Romania and Deicher(2) in Germany independently found antibodies with a similar specificity. In 1976 antibodies of this group were found in patients with various diseases that were unrelated to serum-sickness(3). In 1977 we determined that this type of antibodies reacted with NeuGc-containing gangliosides and recognized NeuGc as an antigenic determinant(4). The detailed history of
Control of autonomous mobile robots with automated planning (2011)

In this paper we present an approach for the control of autonomous robots, based on Automated Planning (AP) techniques, where a control architecture was developed (ROPEM: RObot Plan Execution with Monitoring). The proposed architecture is composed of a set of modules that integrates deliberation with a standard planner, execution, monitoring and replanning. We avoid robotic-device and platform dependency by using a low level control layer, implemented in the Player framework, separated from the high level task execution that depends on the domain we are working on; that way we also ensure reusability of the high and low level layers. As robot task execution is non-deterministic, we can not predict the result of performing a given action and for that reason we also use a module that supervises the execution and detects when we have reached the goals or an unexpected state. Separated from the execution, we included a planning module in charge of determining the actions that will let the robot achieve its high level goals. In order to test the performance of our contribution we conducted a set of experiments on the International Planning Competition (IPC) domain Rovers, with a real robot (Pioneer P3DX). We tested the planning/replanning capabilities of the ROPEM architecture with different controlled sources of uncertainty.
Subcallosal Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression (2012)

The findings of this study support the long-term safety and antidepressant efficacy of subcallosal cingulate DBS for TRD and suggest equivalent safety and efficacy for TRD in patients with BP. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00367003.
Analysis by microinjection of the biological effects of site-directed mutagenesis in cloned avian leukosis viral DNAs (1982)

Cloned avian leukosis viral DNAs were mutagenized in the long terminal repeat, in the leader sequence for env mRNA, and at the poly-env junction. The effect of these mutations in the viral DNA upon its ability to direct virus production or env mRNA synthesis was analyzed by microinjecting the mutant DNAs into chicken embryo fibroblasts and into chicken cells transformed by the env-deficient Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus, respectively. The results indicated that: (i) addition of up to 8 base pairs 19 nucleotides upstream of the Hogness box did not block transcription; (ii) deletion of 26 base pairs, including the tRNA primer binding site, allowed synthesis of all viral products and participation in recombination, but replication was blocked; (iii) deletion of fewer than 50 base pairs 250 bases downstream of the long terminal repeat depressed expression of all viral genes; and (iv) deletion of most of the gag and pol genes did not inhibit env mRNA synthesis, but virion packaging of the unspliced transcript was inefficient.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIC ALDEHYDE DERIVATIVES AS ALKYLATING REAGENTS. I: ACYCLO AND AZAACYCLO ANALOGS OF NUCLEOSIDES (1983)

Abstract Die α‐Halogenether (I), deren Herstellung beschrieben ist, werden als Alkylierungsreagenzien mit den Heterocyclen (II) und (V) umgesetzt.
Electric Equivalent Circuit in Coloration Process of ECD and the Application for Circuit Design (1992)

It is very important in a circuit design that a designer numerically can calculate an electric characteristic of ECD (Electrochromic Display). An equivalent circuit using resistor and condenser was proposed in the coloration process until now. But it did not effectively simulate V-I characteristic of ECD when applied voltage was changed.
Chip Scale Phonon-Based Scalable Quantum Computing. (2015)

Abstract not provided.
LoST: A Protocol for Mapping Geographic Locations to Public Safety Answering Points (2007)

Public safety answering points (PSAPs) serve limited geographic areas, so emergency callers must be directed to the most appropriate PSAP. As part of the overall Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) emergency services architecture, we have developed a new protocol, LoST (location-to-service translation), that allows end systems and voice-over-IP (VoIP) proxies to map location data into URLs representing either PSAPs or other session initiation protocol (SIP) proxies that perform a more fine-grained mapping. LoST is designed to operate globally, with a highly-distributed authority.
Semantic B2B integration server technology as infrastructure for electronic hubs (2002)

Electronic hubs are intermediaries that simplify business-to-business (B2B) communication. While communication hubs are focused on managing the events exchanged between trading partners, domain hubs provide semantics like buyer/seller matching in the purchasing process. Hub architectures require functionality that can be provided by B2B integration server technology. This shows that hubs are not a new type of infrastructure but are a particular application of B2B integration server technology.
Human cysticercosis and taeniasis: molecular approaches for specific diagnosis and parasite identification. (1989)

The construction and antibody screening of Taenia solium cDNA libraries, generated in the Escherichia coli bacteriophage lambda gt11, with the identification of clones putatively expressing antigen B, T. solium-specific and other antigens is described. Lysogens were produced from a number of selected clones and beta-galactosidase fusion peptides ranging in Mr of approximately 135,000-150,000 were demonstrated. These proteins were shown by immunoblotting to be reactive with a pool of sera from cysticercotic patients originally used in the cDNA library screening. We report a method whereby Taenia (T. saginata and T. pisiformis) eggs can be detected with high sensitivity in a specific DNA dot-blot hybridisation assay using total parasite DNA as probe. We show also that intra-specific DNA variability occurs in T. solium isolates obtained from different geographical areas and discuss the potential significance of this heterogeneity.
Botulinum toxin products overview. (2008)

The tremendous success of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX(R), Allergan Inc.) in the cosmetic arena has acted as a stimulus for the development of other neurotoxins. After more than 2 decades of use, BOTOX(R) has become synonymous with wrinkle reduction and is considered to be the one of the most common non-surgical cosmetic procedures performed worldwide. Because of its vast popularity among patients seeking non-invasive methods to achieve facial rejuvenation, physicians from diverse specialties have integrated botulinum toxin injections into their existing practices. Herein, we present an overview of botulinum toxin products for cosmetic applications that have received regulatory approval or are under development.
Construction of plasmids that express<i>E.coli β</i>-galactosidase in mammalian cells (1989)

Journal Article Construction of plasmids that express E.coli β -galactosidase in mammalian cells Get access Grant R. MacGregor, Grant R. MacGregor Institute for Molecular Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of MedicineOne Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Thomas Caskey C. Thomas Caskey Institute for Molecular Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of MedicineOne Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 6, 25 March 1989, Page 2365, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.6.2365 Published: 25 March 1989 Article history Received: 07 February 1989 Published: 25 March 1989
Economically Competitive Biodegradable PBAT/Lignin Composites: Effect of Lignin Methylation and Compatibilizer (2020)

In the past 70 years, over 8 billion tons of plastics have been produced, the majority of which cannot be fully biodegraded, causing their fragments to be found everywhere in the biosphere, including living organisms. Herein, a group of biodegradable composites were produced by blending poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) with technical lignin through a twin-screw extrusion method. Two strategies were developed to improve the mechanical properties of PBAT/lignin composites: (1) modifying lignin via methylation to reduce hydrogen bonding between −OH groups and (2) enhancing the intermolecular interactions between PBAT and lignin by adding maleic anhydride-graft-PBAT as a compatibilizer. The composites obtained from the two strategies with 60 wt % lignin contents exhibited ideal tensile performance which could meet the requirement of the Chinese National Standard for packaging. The interactions between different composite components were investigated by morphological and thermal analyses. The results showed that when lignin is used as filler in the composites, the molecular mobility of lignin and the size of its agglomerates remarkably impacted the ductility and mechanical strength of the PBAT/lignin films. A simple cost comparison between neat PBAT film and PBAT/lignin composite films indicated that the latter was economically competitive, and the production costs could significantly reduce by 36%.
Ultrasonic tagging system for observing human activity (2004)

This paper describes an ultrasonic tagging system developed for robustly observing human activity in a living area. Using ultrasonic transmitter tags with unique identifiers, the system is shown through experimental application to be able to track the three-dimensional motion of tagged objects in real time with high accuracy, resolution and robustness to occlusion. The use of an ultrasonic system is desirable because of its low cost and use of commercial components, and the proposed system achieves high accuracy and robustness through the use of many redundant sensors. The system employs multilateration to locate tagged objects using one of two estimation algorithms, a least-squares optimization method or a random sample consensus method.
Nonlinear restoration of spatially varying blurred images using self-organizing neural network (2002)

An efficient nonlinear restoration of spatially varying blurred images with noise is presented using a self-organizing neural network (SONN). The proposed method can effectively restore the blurred images by using the region classification and the learning property of SONN adapted for the blur sensitivity of the receptive field. In addition, receptive fields are adaptively overlapped to eliminate the block effect within the restored images. The proposed method eliminates the need to calculate the gradient, gradient step size, or Hessian of error surface, which affect the performance of the least squares method or of the constraint optimization. Simulation results for the space-variant blurred pepper image show the performance improvement of about 4.86 dB or 3.57 dB, as compared to that of the Richardson-Lucy algorithm or that of conventional neural networks, respectively.
Proteomic analysis of plasma after branched chain enriched mixture supplementation in mice (2013)

Supplementation with BCAAem in mice results in a slight perturbation of the host serum proteome. Of particular interest is the increased Apolipoprotein A-I (APOAI) following treatment.
VII.—NEW BOOKS (1962)

VII.—NEW BOOKS Get access L'Homme Machine. By LA METTRIE. A Critical Edition with an Introductory Monograph and Notes by ARAM VARTANIAN. Princeton University Press. London: Oxford University Press. Pp. 264. Price 48s. D. O. THOMAS D. O. THOMAS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume LXXI, Issue 282, April 1962, Pages 275–276, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LXXI.282.275 Published: 01 April 1962
DNA Virus Vectors for Vaccine Production in Plants: Spotlight on Geminiviruses (2014)

Plants represent a safe, efficacious and inexpensive production platform by which to provide vaccines and other therapeutic proteins to the world's poor. Plant virus expression vector technology has rapidly become one of the most popular methods to express pharmaceutical proteins in plants. This review discusses several of the state-of-the-art plant expression systems based upon geminiviruses that have been engineered for vaccine production. An overview of the advantages of these small, single-stranded DNA viruses is provided and comparisons are made with other virus expression systems. Advances in the design of several different geminivirus vectors are presented in this review, and examples of vaccines and other biologics generated from each are described.
Multimodal Chromatography for Purification of Biotherapeutics – A Review (2018)

Process chromatography forms the core of purification of biotherapeutics. The unparalleled selectivity that it offers over other alternatives combined with the considerable robustness and scalability make it the unit operation of choice in downstream processing. It is typical to have three to five chromatography steps in a purification process for a biotherapeutic. Generally, these steps offer different modes of separation such as ion-exchange, reversed phase, size exclusion, and hydrophobic interaction. In the past decade, multimodal chromatography has emerged as an alternative to the traditional modes. It involves use of more than one mode of separation and typically combines ion-exchange and hydrophobic interactions to achieve selectivity and sensitivity. Over the last decade, numerous authors have demonstrated the significant potential that multimode chromatography offers as a protein purification tool. This review aims to present key recent developments that have occurred on this topic together with a perspective on future applications of multimodal chromatography.
Information visualization: data infrastructure architectures (2002)

Information visualization extends the scope of scientific visualization from physical phenomena to informational entities. This broadening is a direct reflection of the needs expressed by industry, national security, health and other national agendas to include all forms of information within the information analysis processes. It includes: masses of text, forms, and documents; business, manufacturing, and scientific databases; videos; audio; imagery; and most importantly the interactions with all these media types used to enable an enhanced process of discovery understanding, and presentation of situation assessments. In order for information visualization to become a reality, a rich, flexible data infrastructure must be established. The paper defines the scope of information visualization, the emerging opportunities and uses, the related and supporting technologies, and presents a data infrastructure architecture. This architecture supports full distributed multimedia information spaces, including technologies such as information agents, metadata transformations, and local derived metadata management which turns data and information into knowledge.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of C2-symmetric analogues of 4-(pyrrolidino)pyridine: new chiral nucleophilic catalysts (2000)

The syntheses of a series of enantiomerically pure C2-symmetric 4-(pyrrolidino)pyridine (PPY) derivatives by SNAr of 4-halo-/4-phenoxypyridines and by cyclocondensation from 4-aminopyridine are described. Preliminary results pertaining to their use as catalysts for acylative kinetic resolution of 1-phenylethanol are also presented. A single-crystal X-ray analysis of PPY If is reported.
PKCS #15 - a cryptographic token information format standard (1999)

We identify the need for a portable format for storage of user credentials (certificates, keys) on cryptographic tokens such as integrated circuit cards (IC cards). Given this need, a recent proposal in the area, RSA Laboratories' PKCS #15 is described and compared with previous and related work.
Preparation and characterization of polyvinylpyrollidone incorporated cellulose acetate membranes for ultrafiltration of metal ion (2012)

Abstract Cellulose acetate (CA) membranes are widely used for reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration (UF) applications. In this study, asymmetric CA membranes were prepared by phase inversion method using different concentration of polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) as a pore former. The prepared polymeric blend membranes were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The effect of PVP concentration on the UF performance of the blend membranes was investigated and discussed in terms of water content (%), compaction, and pure water flux (PWF). It was observed that the thermal stability of the membranes increased with increasing the PVP content, whereas the mechanical strength of membranes was deteriorated. The number of pore and pore size distribution in the membrane structure were evaluated. The PWF and water content (%) of the membranes were dependent on the PVP concentration. Studies were carried to find out the rejection and permeate flux of cadmium ion using humic acid as the chelating agent. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Development and Assay of RNA Transcripts of Enterovirus Species A to D, Rhinovirus Species A to C, and Human Parechovirus: Assessment of Assay Sensitivity and Specificity of Real-Time Screening and Typing Methods (2012)

Nucleic acid amplification methods such as the PCR have had a major impact on the diagnosis of viral infections, often achieving greater sensitivities and shorter turnaround times than conventional assays and an ability to detect viruses refractory to conventional isolation methods. Their effectiveness is, however, significantly influenced by assay target sequence variability due to natural diversity and rapid sequence changes in viruses that prevent effective binding of primers and probes. This was investigated for a diverse range of enteroviruses (EVs; species A to D), human rhinoviruses (HRVs; species A to C), and human parechovirus (HPeV) in a multicenter assay evaluation using a series of full-length prequantified RNA transcripts. RNA concentrations were quantified by absorption (NanoDrop) and fluorescence methods (RiboGreen) prior to dilution in buffer supplemented with RNase inhibitors and carrier RNA. RNA transcripts were extremely stable, showing minimal degradation after prolonged storage at temperatures between ambient and -20°C and after multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Transcript dilutions distributed to six referral laboratories were screened by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assays using different primers and probes. All of the laboratories reported high assay sensitivities for EV and HPeV transcripts approaching single copies and similar amplification kinetics for all four EV species. HRV detection sensitivities were more variable, often with substantially impaired detection of HRV species C. This could be accounted for in part by the placement of primers and probes to genetically variable target regions. Transcripts developed in this study provide reagents for the ongoing development of effective diagnostics that accommodate increasing knowledge of genetic heterogeneity of diagnostic targets.
Electronic computing machines (1951)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Chunking parallel loops in the presence of synchronization (2009)

Modern languages for shared-memory parallelism are moving from a bulk-synchronous Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) execution model to lightweight Task Parallel execution models for improved productivity. This shift is intended to encourage programmers to express the ideal parallelism in an application at a fine granularity that is natural for the underlying domain, while delegating to the compiler and runtime system the job of extracting coarser-grained useful parallelism for a given target system. A simple and important example of this separation of concerns between ideal and useful parallelism can be found in chunking of parallel loops, where the programmer expresses ideal parallelism by declaring all iterations of a loop to be parallel and the implementation exploits useful parallelism by executing iterations of the loop in sequential chunks.
Novel elastomeric polyurethanes with pendant epoxy groups as highly reactive auxiliary groups for further derivatizations (2002)

Abstract The introduction of pendant, reactive groups into polyurethane macromolecules is a challenging problem. A variant of the nondegradative modification of polyurethanes with epoxy groups attached to the urethane sites is proposed. Two types of commercial elastomeric segmented polyurethanes, represented by a poly(ether urethane) and a poly(urethane urea), were functionalized by base‐induced N‐glycidylation of the urethane hard segments with an excess of epibromohydrin in dimethylacetamide solutions at low temperatures. This resulted in the modification of polymers with 0.30–0.44 mmol/g of pendant epoxy groups. Lithium or potassium tert ‐butoxides were used as bases to initiate the reaction. A nonpolymeric urethane model (ethyl N ‐ p ‐tolylcarbamoate) was used to verify the course of glycidylation. One of the polymers was subjected to epoxy ring opening with 1‐propanethiol, demonstrating the versatility of pendant glycidyl groups as auxiliary groups for further bulk modifications of polyurethanes. These functionalized polyurethanes are useful for the further covalent attachment of suitable moieties (stabilizing or biocompatibility‐enhancing agents). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 4378–4385, 2002