gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of u-Learning Contents Authoring System based on a Learning Activity (2009)

현재 우리 사회는 정보통신 기술과 네트워크의 발달로 다양한 서비스를 장소나 시간에 구애받지 않고 이용할 수 있는 유비쿼터스 시대로 나아가고 있다. 이러한 기술의 발전은 교육환경에도 큰 영향을 미치게 되었다. 그 결과 학습자가 언제 어디서든 원하는 학습 콘텐츠를 이용할 수 있는 e-러닝 개념이 제안되었고, e-러닝 환경을 고려한 다양한 학습 콘텐츠 저작도구들이 개발되었다. LAMS는 이러한 저작도구들 중 하나로써 국내외로 많이 사용되어지고 있다. 하지만 기존의 저작도구들은 대부분 PC 환경만을 고려하고 있어, 앞으로 더욱 다양한 유형의 유비쿼터스 기기들에서 활용되기에 적합하지 않다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 e-러닝 환경에 유비쿼터스 개념을 더욱 향상시킨 u-러닝 환경에서의 콘텐츠 저작 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 통해 사용자의 콘텐츠 제작효율을 높이고, 다양한 유비쿼터스 기기들을 지원한다. With the development of information communication and network technologies, ubiquitous era that supports various services regardless of places and time has been advancing. The development of such technologies have a great influence on educational environments. As a result, e-learning concepts that learners use learning contents in anywhere and anytime have been proposed. The various learning contents authoring systems that consider the e-learning environments have also been developed. However, since most of the existing authoring systems support only PC environments, they is not suitable for various ubiquitous mobile devices. In this paper, we design and implement a contents authoring system based on learning activities for u-learning environments. Our authoring system significantly improves the efficiency for authoring contents and supports various ubiquitous devices as well as PCs.
Software Documentation and Human-Factors Design (2020)

Capable and venturesome writers can thus have a hand in screen design and command-wording, and even work alongside engineers in basic product design. The most basic requirement is that the product ought to work. The finer points concern how well it works, how easy it is to learn and use, how well it interacts with products. In most operating systems, commands that deal with strings of text can include characters called wildcards. Perhaps the seminal idea behind a good human interface will come from one person, that being the nature of things, but as with other aspects of software design, the process of working through the details can involve a good many people. Legal issues are likely to bear upon user-interface design more and more in the wake of several “look and feel” lawsuits filed in the late 1980s, but as of this writing it is too early to say anything concrete about their effect.
Reusing Online Resources: A Sustainable Approach to eLearning (2003)

JIME Special Issue on Reusing Online Resources Commentary and Debate on: Reusing Online Resources: A Sustainable Approach to eLearning Edited by Allison Littlejohn, Kogan Page, London. ISBN: 0749439491 [www.reusing.info] Welcome to the Journal of Interactive Media in Education, and this Special Issue of JIME, which is 'reusing' the Reusing Online Resources book as the point of departure for online discussion. [Enter Special Issue]. It is interesting to consider how much activity has grown since JIME's Special Issue on Educational Authoring Tools and the Educational Object Economy in 1998. There is clearly a broader consensus on standards emerging, but what progress has there been on the fundamental ideas and infrastructure? This book and special issue are therefore a timely milestone to reflect. You will find expert contributions, grounded in technical and pedagogical experience, critiquing and refining the assumptions behind the idea of reusable learning resources. The issue is organised as follows: the book's opening chapter by the editor, introducing seven key issues for reusable resources; invited introductions to the book's four sections - theory, design, resource and strategy perspectives - by leading educational technologists; an invited commentary on each chapter written for this Special Issue to open critical discussion... ...which can continue in the discussion area for each chapter, where authors, commentators and the wider community are invited to post their own views on the book and commentaries. Click on the Comment Bubble by each chapter heading to view all comments on it, or add your own. We hope that you find this a valuable companion to the book, and welcome your participation in advancing the debate in this field, one which is seeing much activity, but also provoking strong reactions. Allison Littlejohn & Simon Buckingham Shum Special Issue Editors Notes: Reprinted with permission from: Reusing Online Resources: A Sustainable Approach to eLearning, (Ed.) Allison Littlejohn. Kogan Page, London. ISBN 0749439491.
A Study of the Impact of Delay Mismatch on Linearity of Outphasing Transmitters (2014)

This paper presents an analytical study of the impact of delay mismatch on the linearity of outphasing transmitters. Analytical expressions are derived to quantify the impact of delay mismatch between the two amplifying paths on the adjacent channel power ratio and error vector magnitude of any complex modulated output signal. These expressions can be used to specify delay mismatch for any given requirement of linearity performance of an outphasing transmitter. A complete LTE transceiver physical layer model in simulink is used to simulate the whole transceiver chain. An embedded model of an outphasing transmitter with a variable delay mismatch is included to compare error vector magnitude simulation data with theoretically derived results for different LTE downlink channels of 1.4 MHz, 10 MHz and 20 MHz channel bandwidths. Outphasing signals are synthesized with different delays and uploaded to a vector signal generator such that adjacent channel power ratios can be measured. This allows for a comparison between hardware-probed results and the theoretical calculations for LTE channels of 1.4 MHz and 10 MHz channel bandwidths.
Better Hypothesis Testing for Statistical Machine Translation: Controlling for Optimizer Instability (2018)

In statistical machine translation, a researcher seeks to determine whether some innovation (e.g., a new feature, model, or inference algorithm) improves translation quality in comparison to a baseline system. To answer this question, he runs an experiment to evaluate the behavior of the two systems on held-out data. In this paper, we consider how to make such experiments more statistically reliable. We provide a systematic analysis of the effects of optimizer instability—an extraneous variable that is seldom controlled for—on experimental outcomes, and make recommendations for reporting results more accurately
User interactions in social networks and their implications (2009)

Social networks are popular platforms for interaction, communication and collaboration between friends. Researchers have recently proposed an emerging class of applications that leverage relationships from social networks to improve security and performance in applications such as email, web browsing and overlay routing. While these applications often cite social network connectivity statistics to support their designs, researchers in psychology and sociology have repeatedly cast doubt on the practice of inferring meaningful relationships from social network connections alone.
Novel full-cycle-coupler-based optical add-drop multiplexer and performance characteristics at 40-Gb/s WDM networks (2003)

A novel configuration of an interferometric device, based on a full-cycle full (100%) coupler structure, loaded with a Bragg grating symmetrically placed into the uniform coupler waist, is proposed for use as an optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) with simultaneously optimized add and drop actions. A general method for designing a suitable Bragg grating for optimal inscription in to the uniform coupler waist is also proposed for use in to the device design and development. The performance of the device is characterized at 40-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks using theoretical systems simulations and is compared directly with other alternative OADM architectures.
Electrically conducting polymers: a review of the electropolymerization reaction, of the effects of chemical structure on polymer film properties, and of applications towards technology (1986)

The electrochemical oxidation of aromatic heterocyclic compounds thiophene, pyrrole, and indole and benzenoid and nonbenzenoid polycyclic hydrocarbons azulene, fluorene, and pyrene yield electrically conducting polymers with conductivities of 10 −5 –10 S/cm. The presence of substituents affects the electrical conductivity of these films and also their electroactive properties. Furthermore, substituents determine whether electropolymerization of these compounds can occur or whether soluble products are formed. The relative importance of these pathways is dependent on the stability of the intermediate radical cation. These effects are investigated by INDO molecular orbital calculations.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induces Intestinal Insulin Resistance and Stimulates the Overproduction of Intestinal Apolipoprotein B48-Containing Lipoproteins (2007)

There is growing evidence suggesting intestinal insulin resistance and overproduction of apolipoprotein (apo) B48-containing chylomicrons in insulin-resistant states. In the current study, we investigated the potential role of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the development of insulin resistance and aberrant lipoprotein metabolism in the small intestine in a Syrian golden hamster model. TNF-alpha infusion decreased whole-body insulin sensitivity, based on in vivo euglycemic clamp studies in chow-fed hamsters. Analysis of intestinal tissue in TNF-alpha-treated hamsters indicated impaired phosphorylation of insulin receptor-beta, insulin receptor substrate-1, Akt, and Shc and increased phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-related kinase-1/2, and Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase. TNF-alpha infusion also increased intestinal production of total apoB48, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein apoB48, and serum triglyceride levels in both fasting and postprandial (fat load) states. The effects of TNF-alpha on plasma apoB48 levels could be blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. Ex vivo experiments using freshly isolated enterocytes also showed TNF-alpha-induced p38 phosphorylation and intestinal apoB48 overproduction, effects that could be blocked by SB203580. Interestingly, TNF-alpha increased the mRNA and protein mass of intestinal microsomal triglyceride transfer protein without altering apoB mRNA levels. Enterocytes were found to have detectable levels of both TNF-alpha receptor types (p55 and p75), and antibodies against either of the two TNF-alpha receptors partially blocked the stimulatory effect of TNF-alpha on apoB48 production and p38 phosphorylation. In summary, these data suggest that intestinal insulin resistance can be induced in hamsters by TNF-alpha infusion, and it is accompanied by intestinal overproduction of apoB48-containing lipoproteins. TNF-alpha-induced stimulation of intestinal lipoprotein production appears to be mediated via TNF-alpha receptors and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
放弃“澳洲八大”回国高考为哪般 (2014)

被国内竞争激烈的高考逼出国门,却在澳洲宽松惬意的学习环境和多元价值观的冲击下,明晰了人生的真正方向,坚决回国高考。回来的我,已经不是当初逃避出走的我。读高二时我妈决定送我去留学,目的国澳大利亚。去了一年,还没到读到12年级下学期我就回来了。对于一切关于当初为什么选择出去?为什么回来为什么不选择在国外读大学?的问题,因为缘由曲折,我向来避而不谈。但我出国前后的经历,或许可以给那些犹豫要不要出国的学生一些启发。
Convenient Synthesis of 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-thiol and 3-Aminoquinoline-4-thiol and Cyclocondensations to 1,4-Thiazino and 1,4-Thiazepino Derivatives (1992)

An improved method for the synthesis of 2-aminonaphthalene-1-thiol and an alternative procedure for the preparation of 3-aminoquinoline-4-thiol are described. From these intermediates some 1,4-thiazepino and 1,4-thiazepino tricyclic derivatives have been prepared
Expression of the human Cathepsin L inhibitor hurpin in mice: skin alterations and increased carcinogenesis (2007)

The serine protease inhibitor (serpin) hurpin (serpin B13) is a cross class-specific inhibitor of the cysteine protease Cathepsin (Cat) L. Cat L is involved in lysosomal protein degradation, hair follicle morphogenesis, epidermal differentiation and epitope generation of antigens. Hurpin is a 44 kDa protein which is expressed predominantly in epidermal cells. In psoriatic skin samples, hurpin was strongly overexpressed when compared with normal skin. Keratinocytes overexpressing hurpin showed increased resistance towards UVB-induced apoptosis. To further analyse the functional importance of this inhibitor, we have generated transgenic mice with deregulated Cat L activity by expressing human hurpin in addition to the endogenous mouse inhibitor. The three independent transgenic lines generated were characterized by identical effects excluding insertional phenotypes. Macroscopically, mice expressing human hurpin are characterized by abnormal abdominal fur. The number of apoptotic cells and caspase-3 positive cells was reduced after UV-irradiation in transgenic animals compared with wild-type mice. Interestingly, after chemical carcinogenesis, transgenic mice showed an increased susceptibility to develop skin cancer. Array analysis of gene expression revealed distinct differences between wild-type and hurpin-transgenic mice. Among others, differentially expressed genes are related to antigen presentation and angiogenesis. These results suggest an important role of Cat L regulation by hurpin which might be of clinical relevance in human skin diseases.
Robust joint frequency offset and channel estimation for OFDM systems (2005)

We consider the joint carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel estimation for OFDM systems. A novel frequency offset estimator is derived based on maximum likelihood principles by using the pilot symbols embedded in each OFDM symbol. An iterative joint CFO and channel estimator is proposed to further reduce the estimation error and improve the system performance. The joint estimator is initialized with the first CFO estimate and linearly interpolated channel estimates. The CFO and channel response estimates are updated by maximum likelihood (ML) and least squares (LS) algorithms. Simulation results show that the proposed joint estimator is effective and can achieve excellent bit error rates in just one iteration.
Extraction and purification of murine epidermal growth factor. (1984)

We have compared six different solutions commonly used for the extraction of peptides to optimize the extraction of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) from mouse submandibular glands. The yield of EGF was always higher in neutral pH extractions than in acidic ones. However, the EGF extracted at neutral pH was only poorly adsorbed on to octadecylsilyl silica, whereas the EGF extracted at acidic pH was be easily adsorbed. Subsequent purification of the EGF extracts by two-stage reversed-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography yielded highly purified EGF. Identical chromatograms were obtained from each of the different extracts. Preparative scale quantities of EGF could be purified rapidly and reproducibly at high efficiency from acidic extracts.
Acousto-optic tunable filter as a polychromator and its application in multidimensional fluorescence spectrometry (1992)

Acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is an electronically driven dispersive device which operates on the principle of acousto-optic interaction in an anisotropic medium. Incident white light will be diffracted by the AOTF into a specific wavelength when a specific rf is applied to it. The diffracted light needs not be a monochromatic light. Multiwavelength light can be diffracted from the AOTF when several rf signals are simultaneously applied into the filter. Compared to conventional polychromators, advantages of this electronic AOTF polychromator include its ability to individually amplitude-modulate each wavelength of the diffracted multiwavelength light at different frequency. This is accomplished by individually and sinusoidally modulating each applied rf signal at the desired frequency. This feature makes it possible to develop a novel AOTF-based multidimensional fluorimeter in which the sample was simultaneously excited by two different wavelengths (514.5 and 488.0 nm) whose amplitudes were sinusoidally modulated at two different frequencies (100 and 66 Hz). Multicomponent samples, e.g., mixtures of rhodamine 6G and rhodamine B, were successfully analyzed using this novel fluorimeter and the developed data analysis.
The non‐typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Sap transporter provides a mechanism of antimicrobial peptide resistance and SapD‐dependent potassium acquisition (2006)

Summary We have shown that non‐typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) resists killing by antimicrobial peptides (APs). A mutant defective in expression of the sap ( s ensitivity to a ntimicrobial p eptides) gene cluster product SapA is sensitive to killing by APs and is significantly attenuated in its ability to survive in a chinchilla model of otitis media compared with the parent strain. In NTHI, SapA is believed to function as the periplasmic solute binding protein of an ABC transporter. Here, we demonstrated that recombinant chinchilla beta defensin‐1 specifically interacted with recombinant SapA and that AP exposure increased expression of the sap operon. We further demonstrated that the putative Sap transporter ATPase protein, SapD, was required for AP resistance as well as potassium uptake in NTHI strain 86‐028NP. Loss of SapD additionally abrogated NTHI survival in vivo . Complementation of the sapD mutation restored the ability to grow in potassium‐limited medium, resistance to AP‐mediated killing and survival in vivo . Collectively, these data support a mechanism of Sap system‐mediated resistance to APs that depends on Sap‐dependent transport of APs and a Sap‐dependent restoration of potassium homeostasis. Thus, NTHI required a functional Sap system to mediate bacterial survival and pathogenesis in vivo .
Effect of Blood Substitute, Recombinant Hemoglobin, on in vivo Hematopoietic Recovery from AZT Toxicity (1997)

We determined the in vivo ability of infused human recombinant hemoglobin 1.1 (hr-Hb) and erythropoietin to rescue the hematopoietic activity from the suppressive effects of AZT in normal and in a murine model of AIDS (MAIDS) mice. Mice were fed with AZT for 8 weeks with or without treatment in the last 4 weeks by administering various concentrations of hr-Hb and/or erythropoietin (Epo). Blood parameters, body weight (BW) and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) for all mice were determined. AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice showed a significant decrease in hematocrit (64 and 78.1%), hemoglobin (27.2 and 45.5%), BW (17.5 and 35.5%), number of white (66.9 and 42.1%) and red blood cells (65.5 and 38%), and the number of BFU-E (73 and 59%), whereas the AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice that received hr-Hb (5 mg/kg BW/day) and/or Epo (2 U/mouse/day) showed significant alleviation of AZT cytotoxicity. This was evident by the recovery in all blood indices examined, the number of BFU-E and the BW of mice treated. BFU-E recovery in MAIDS (97%) was greater than that in normal mice (63%) as compared to their controls. hr-Hb produced a similar response as the combination, however recovery was slightly better with the latter in some hematological parameters. Higher concentrations of hr-Hb (10-15 mg) did not result in a more significant increase in most blood indices. Our results indicate that infusion with hr-Hb can alleviate AZT toxicity in normal and in immunodeficient mice, and that hr-Hb may be clinically useful in preventing severe bone marrow depression brought about by various drugs or agents such as AZT.
Developmentally regulated primary glucocorticoid hormone induction of chick retinal glutamine synthetase mRNA (1987)

We have characterized the glucocorticoid hormone induction of glutamine synthetase mRNA in embryonic chick retinal organ cultures by quantitative dot hybridization using a cDNA clone derived from chick retinal RNA. Hydrocortisone (Kapp = 3-4 nM) and dexamethasone (Kapp = 1-2 nM) produce an approximate 30-fold increase in glutamine synthetase mRNA after incubation of organ cultures derived from embryonic day 12 retinae with either hormone for 3 hr. Progesterone is a poor inducer. The glucocorticoid-mediated rise is rapid (t1/2 = 2-3 hr) and occurs in the presence of either of the protein synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide or puromycin, indicating that the induction is a primary or direct response to the hormone. However, the magnitude of the hormonal response observed in culture increases markedly during retinal development. These observations, coupled with the previously reported absence of a hormonal induction in embryonic liver, raise the possibility of a synergistic mechanism, involving tissue-specific regulatory molecules in addition to the glucocorticoid hormone receptor, to explain the retinal-specific primary glucocorticoid hormone induction of glutamine synthetase mRNA.
Optimized Pulse Patterns for the 5-Level ANPC Converter for High Speed High Power Applications (2006)

This paper presents the analysis of the active neutral-point-clamped 5-level converter (ANPC5L) with regards to the total harmonic distortion (THD) for high speed, high power applications. A 5 MW machine with fundamental frequency of 500 Hz is considered. The converter can be switched up to 2 kHz, thereby making the switching frequency to fundamental frequency ratio in the range of 3-4. Different optimized pulse patterns (OPP) are studied for this case. It is shown that no extra filter is necessary to limit the THD in the considered application, when applying the proposed pulse patterns. Topology specific issues, such as the floating capacitor voltage balancing and the switching frequency of the devices, are investigated in detail for the proposed pulse patterns. The results are compared with a traditional pulse width modulation (PWM) approach
Design of gain scheduling anti-sway crane controler using genetic fuzzy system (2012)

The objective of the paper is to describe the genetic fuzzy-based method of designing the gain scheduling control system, which is the effective and wide used adaptive technique based on varying controller parameters according to the exogenous variables. The problem is addressed in the paper to find the minimum set of linear controllers scheduled by fuzzy interpolation scheme. The proposed method is based on the pole placement approach and interval mathematic used to define the desired region of poles around the operating point at which the controller is designed. The genetic algorithm is used to explore of searching space by competition between the fuzzy gain scheduling systems differing in number of fuzzy partitions distributed within the intervals of scheduling variables, and fine tuning the membership functions. The proposed approach is addressed in the paper to the anti-sway crane control problem.