gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Basic fibroblast growth factor reduces scar formation in acute incisional wounds (2007)

In order to identify a means to reduce scar formation of the skin after incision, this study examined the effect of local administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in humans. bFGF was administered to a sutured wound immediately after an operation. The drug was injected once into the dermis of the margins of wounds using a 27G needle or rinsing after performing dermostitches. The lengths of the treated wounds varied from 1 to 32 cm, and the subjects were 2-86 years old. Sutured wounds after excision of skin tumors from the face, trunk, and limbs and sutured wounds such as those at the donor sites of full-thickness skin grafts were treated with low-dose bFGF injections (0.1 microg/cm wound; Group 2), high-dose bFGF injections (1 microg/cm wound; Group 3), and rinsed with high-dose bFGF (1 microg/cm wound; Group 4). No patient treated with bFGF had hypertrophic scars, while some patients had hypertrophic or very wide scars in the control group (Group 1), and the ratios of minimum scarring of Group 2 (p<0.001), Group 3 (p<0.0001), and Group 4 (p<0.0001) were statistically significantly higher than those of Group 1. Postoperative administration of bFGF inhibited hypertrophic scarring and widening of remaining scars without any serious side effects.
Epidermal growth factor induces cyclin D1 in a human prostate cancer cell line (1998)

We conclude that one of the mechanisms by which growth factors such as EGF may stimulate prostate cell proliferation is through the direct induction of cyclin proteins, which are necessary for entry of cells into mitosis.
Organising migrant workers locally: British Jobs for British Workers? (2011)

This article discusses the xenophobic headlines of ‘British jobs for British workers'. It identifies how these inadvertently bought together old and new Europe and the tension between national regulation and a single European market. Highlighting why this occurred, how British workers have often been inclusive and what challenges remain in the future.
Fabrication of ultrathin p/sup ++/ silicon microstructures using ion implantation and boron etch-stop (2001)

This paper discusses the fabrication of submicron p/sup ++/ silicon microstructures for a number of MEMS applications using boron ion implantation, rapid thermal annealing, and boron etch-stop. To form these thin structures, the silicon is implanted with boron at an energy of 40 keV and doses of 5/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/ and 7/spl times/10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/, which produce a peak concentration of more than 10/sup 20/ cm/sup -3/, sufficient for achieving an effective etch-stop in ethylene diamine pyrocathecol. The thickness of the p/sup ++/ layer varies from 0.2 to 0.3 /spl mu/m depending on the annealing time and temperature. SUPREM simulation has been used to determine optimum implantation and annealing conditions. A number of microstructures, including thin silicon diaphragms as large as 2 mm on a side and 0.2 /spl mu/m thick, hot wire anemometers with a temperature coefficient of resistance of /spl sim/1600 ppm//spl deg/C, and piezoresistive sound detectors, have been fabricated with high reproducibility, uniformity, and yield.
Laser processing of glass by picosecond pulses (1994)

A method for cutting glass plates by pulsed radiation from a neodymium laser with passive mode locking was proposed and implemented. The method is based on the formation of microcrack channels, followed by spontaneous fracture along these channels. A qualitative model of the growth of a microcrack channel, based on the excitation of an optical detonation wave, is discussed.
Langrangian Delay Predictive Model for Sector-Based Air Traffic Flow (2005)

A control theoretical model of sector-based air traffic flow is derived using hybrid automata theory. This model is Lagrangian, because it models the properties of the system along its trajectories. A subset of this model is used to generate analytic predictions of air traffic congestion: A dynamic sector capacity is defined and derived that is used fo rp redicting the time it takes to overload a given portion of airspace. This result links the Lagrangian approach with Eulerian models, which account for temporal variations of parameters in a fixed volume. To determine the accuracy of predictions, an air traffic flow simulator is designed and validated. The simulator is then used to show that flow scheduling and conflict resolution may be decorrelated by reducing aircraft density.
Industrial location policy : the Indian experience (1983)

As in other developing countries, India has experienced since independence a high and increasing concentration of population and economic activities at selected locations such as Bombay and Calcutta and severe disparity in welfare among different regions within the country. In response, the government adopted a series of measures to promote a more decentralized and spatially balanced development. The purposes of this paper are first to identify the intended objectives of India's industrial location policies in order to assess to the extent possible their effectiveness in achieving the objectives and then to evaluate their possible unintended as well as intended effects in order to arrive at a more balanced view on this subject. The paper discusses the working, the impact, and the deficiencies of individual location policies. It recommends a thorough overhauling of the policy, and in particular, recommends that whenever there is evidence that the existing concentration is inoptimal or inequitable, policy makers should operate with incentives rather than controls, in order to provide the least damage to the economy while achieving the locational objectives.
Correlations between biological activities and conformational properties for human, salmon, eel, porcine calcitonins and Elcatonin elucidated by CD spectroscopy (1994)

Calcitonin (CT) inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and induces calcium uptake from body fluids. A comparative study of the conformational behaviours of therapeutic calcitonins [salmon (s), eel (e), a synthetic eel calcitonin analogue (Elcatonin), porcine (p) and human (h) calcitonins] as a function of solvent polarity and temperature have been performed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Elements of secondary structure were lacking in H2O but could be observed in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and sodium dodecyl sulphate. In particular, similar amounts of alpha-helical content (four alpha-helical turns) were estimated in trifluoroethanol despite the considerable differences in amino acid sequences. The relative ability to form an alpha helix, assessed by trifluoroethanol/H2O titration, was found to be Elcatonin > sCT > pCT > eCT > hCT. In Elcatonin, sCT, pCT and eCT the four alpha-helical turns were promoted almost completely in a single step, between 0 and 35% trifluoroethanol, unlike hCT where helical structure formation has been reported to involve two steps over the whole trifluoroethanol/H2O range [Arvinte, T. & Drake, A. F. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 6408-6414]. In SDS, which mimics the membrane environment, conformational differences (3-4 helical turns in Elcatonin, sCT, eCT versus one helical turn in pCT, hCT) were observed and correlate well with biological activity (Elcatonin = sCT = eCT > pCT = hCT). Low-temperature studies in a cryogenic solvent mixture showed the formation of high alpha-helix content (similar to that in trifluoroethanol) in Elcatonin, sCT, eCT and pCT, whilst a left-handed extended helix (3(1) helix) was formed in hCT. This is consistent with the hypothesis of 'linear' and 'helical' calcitonin receptors [Nakanuta, H., Orlowski, R. C. & Epand, R. M. (1990) Endocrinology 127, 163-169].
Resveratrol and Estradiol Exert Disparate Effects on Cell Migration, Cell Surface Actin Structures, and Focal Adhesion Assembly in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells (2005)

Resveratrol, a grape polyphenol, is thought to be a cancer preventive, yet its effects on metastatic breast cancer are relatively unknown. Since cancer cell invasion is dependent on cell migration, the chemotactic response of MDA-MB-231 metastatic human breast cancer cells to resveratrol, estradiol (E2), or epidermal growth factor (EGF) was investigated. Resveratrol decreased while E2 and EGF increased directed cell migration. Resveratrol may inhibit cell migration by altering the cytoskeleton. Resveratrol induced a rapid global array of filopodia and decreased focal adhesions and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity. E2 or EGF treatment did not affect filopodia extension but increased lamellipodia and associated focal adhesions that are integral for cell migration. Combined resveratrol and E2 treatment resulted in a filopodia and focal adhesion response similar to resveratrol alone. Combined resveratrol and EGF resulted in a lamellipodia and focal adhesion response similar to EGF alone. E2 and to a lesser extent resveratrol increased EGFR activity. The cytoskeletal changes and EGFR activity in response to E2 were blocked by EGFR1 inhibitor indicating that E2 may increase cell migration via crosstalk with EGFR signaling. These data suggest a promotional role for E2 in breast cancer cell migration but an antiestrogenic, preventative role for resveratrol.
14-Esters of 7-O-(3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-.ALPHA.-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)adriamycinone: synthesis and antitumor activity. (1983)

A range of 14-esters (8 approximately 13) of the title compound, 3'-deamino-3'-hydroxydoxorubicin 3',4'-diacetate (5), has been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding 14-bromide (6) by the appropriate sodium carboxylate salts. Antitumor activities were determined in vivo in the murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia assay and compared with those of the 14-hydroxy and 14-acetoxy analogs.
The effects of channel width tapering on the power dissipation of serially connected MOSFETs (2002)

Transistor channel width tapering in serial MOSFET chains is shown to decrease the propagation delay, power dissipation, and physical area of VLSI circuits. Tapering is the process of decreasing the size of each MOSFET transistor width along a serial chain such that the largest transistor is connected to the power supply and the smallest is connected to the output node. It is demonstrated that, in many cases, tapering decreases delay and changes the shape of the output waveform such that the time during which a load inverter is conducting short-circuit current is reduced. This decrease in short-circuit current also occurs in many cases where tapering does not offer a speed advantage. Dynamic CV/sup 2/f power dissipation of the serial chain is reduced. This behavior permits a designer to trade-off speed for a reduction in short-circuit and dynamic power dissipation, a trade-off not normally available with untapered chains.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The erythropoietin receptor of rat erythroid progenitor lens. Characterization and affinity cross-linkage. (1987)

Commercially available 125I-labeled erythropoietin, obtained by genetic engineering from a human gene, was used to characterize receptors for this hormone on the cell surface of rat erythroid progenitor cells. A low number of high affinity binding sites (487 +/- 32 sites/cell, Kd = 167 +/- 14 pm) were found. Nonerythroid cells and erythrocytes did not exhibit specific binding. The high affinity binding was reversible and displaced by unlabeled erythropoietin, but not by other hormones and growth factors. After incubation at 37 degrees C, nearly 35% of the specifically bound erythropoietin seemed to be internalized, as judged by resistance to acidic buffer treatment. Thus, binding showed characteristics of a hormone-receptor association. 125I-Erythropoietin-labeled cells were treated with the bifunctional reagent dissucinimidyl suberate. Analysis of the cellular extracts by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing and reducing conditions revealed that erythropoietin can be cross-linked to two molecules of 94 and 78 kDa, respectively. Both labeled bands disappeared when the cells were labeled in the presence of an excess of unlabeled erythropoietin. Under nonreducing conditions, a cross-linked band of 230-255 kDa was observed. The relationships between these bands are discussed.
Adenovirus triggers macropinocytosis and endosomal leakage together with its clathrin-mediated uptake (2002)

Adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) binds the coxsackie B virus Ad receptor and is endocytosed upon activation of the alphav integrin coreceptors. Here, we demonstrate that expression of dominant negative clathrin hub, eps15, or K44A-dynamin (dyn) inhibited Ad2 uptake into epithelial cells, indicating clathrin-dependent viral endocytosis. Surprisingly, Ad strongly stimulated the endocytic uptake of fluid phase tracers, coincident with virus internalization but without affecting receptor-mediated transferrin uptake. A large amount of the stimulated endocytic activity was macropinocytosis. Macropinocytosis depended on alphav integrins, PKC, F-actin, and the amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchanger, which are all required for Ad escape from endosomes and infection. Macropinocytosis stimulation was not a consequence of viral escape, since it occurred in K44A-dyn-expressing cells. Surprisingly, 30-50% of the endosomal contents were released into the cytosol of control and also K44A-dyn-expressing cells, and the number of fluid phase-positive endosomes dropped below the levels of noninfected cells, indicating macropinosomal lysis. The release of macropinosomal contents was Ad dose dependent, but the presence of Ad particles on macropinosomal membranes was not sufficient for contents release. We conclude that Ad signaling from the cell surface controls the induction of macropinosome formation and leakage, and this correlates with viral exit to the cytosol and infection.
The Melatonin MT1 Receptor Axis Modulates Mutant Huntingtin-Mediated Toxicity (2011)

Melatonin mediates neuroprotection in several experimental models of neurodegeneration. It is not yet known, however, whether melatonin provides neuroprotection in genetic models of Huntington's disease (HD). We report that melatonin delays disease onset and mortality in a transgenic mouse model of HD. Moreover, mutant huntingtin (htt)-mediated toxicity in cells, mice, and humans is associated with loss of the type 1 melatonin receptor (MT1). We observe high levels of MT1 receptor in mitochondria from the brains of wild-type mice but much less in brains from HD mice. Moreover, we demonstrate that melatonin inhibits mutant htt-induced caspase activation and preserves MT1 receptor expression. This observation is critical, because melatonin-mediated protection is dependent on the presence and activation of the MT1 receptor. In summary, we delineate a pathologic process whereby mutant htt-induced loss of the mitochondrial MT1 receptor enhances neuronal vulnerability and potentially accelerates the neurodegenerative process.
Hybrid RF/IR transcutaneous telemetry for power and high-bandwidth data (2005)

As neuroprosthetic control systems continue to advance and increase in channel density, there will be a constant need to deliver data at higher bandwidths in and out of the body. Currently, RF telemetry and inductive coupling are the most commonly used methods for transmitting power and electronic data between implants and external systems, and state of the art systems can deliver data rates up to hundreds of kilobits per second. However, it is difficult to operate implanted medical RF links at higher data rates due to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) constraints. In this study, we investigate the potential for hybrid telemetry systems that use constant-frequency RF inductive links for power and transcutaneous infrared (IR) signals for data. We show that with commercially available infrared communication components, data rates of up to 40 Mbits per second can be transmitted out across 5 mm of skin with an internal device power dissipation under 100 mW.
Investigations of the emission properties of single CdS‐nanocrystallites (1997)

Abstract Semiconductor nanocrystallites (NCs) with a radius in the range of the bulk excition radius exhibit a strong quantum size effect. We investigated CdS‐NCs, that were spin coated on a glass cover slip, with a low temperature confocal microscope, At low coverage we could image the fluorescence light from single NCs. The typical emission spectra of single NCs show four peaks. Besides the main peak related to near bandgap recombination, up to two Lo‐phonon satellites and one blue shifted peak were observed. It could be shown that the absorption can be polarization dependent. From the images as well as from the intensity autocorrelation function it could be concluded that the fluorescence emission of single NCs is interrupted by dark periods. In addition, spectral shifts in the dispersed fluorescence emission could be observed.
Nonstoichiometric properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by decomposition of zinc peroxide (2003)

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were obtained by firing the zinc peroxide nanoparticles at more than 473 K for 2 h. The zinc peroxide decomposed at 473 K to form ZnO that contained O22− ions. Furthermore, the ZnO nanoparticles without O22− ions were obtained by decomposition of the zinc peroxide at more than 513 K and the obtained ZnO contained oxygen vacancies. The increase of the unit cell parameter and the decrease of the activation energy for the electronic conduction were observed due to the oxygen vacancy. The ZnO nanoparticles also had lattice strain. The value of Δd/d decreased from 9.1 × 10−3 to 0 when the firing temperature was in the range from 473 K to 773 K.
Influence of nozzle geometry on the performance of a pulse detonation wave engine (1997)

Test results from an experimental investigation of the effect of nozzle geometry on the performance of a pulse detonation wave engine (PDE) are presented. Two detonation chamber geometries, cylindrical and annular, were tested. For each configuration, tests were conducted both with and without conical exhaust nozzles. The expansion angles of the nozzles were 9.52 and 14.24 deg. Data were obtained for stoichiometric mixtures of propane and oxygen, at a frequency of 20.4 to 28.5 Hz. Maximum performance was achieved with the annular configuration with the 14.24 degree nozzle.
Implant-induced high-resistivity regions in InP and InGaAs (1989)

We have investigated the effects of ion bombardment on the electrical properties of intentionally doped InP and InGaAs grown by metalorganic molecular-beam epitaxy. The sheet resistivity and mobility of n+InP (Sn) and n+InGaAs (Sn) or p+InGaAs (Be) epilayers grown on semi-insulating InP substrates were measured as a function of ion species (O, B, H, or Fe), ion dose (1012–1015 cm−2), and post-implant annealing temperature (100–600 °C). In n+InP, the resistivity after bombardment goes through a maximum with annealing temperature, reaching a value of ∼106 Ω/⧠ for 0.5-μm-thick films after implantation with H or O and annealing at 200–300 °C. The as-grown resistivity is restored by annealing above 500 °C. Ion doses below 1012 cm−2 actually lead to a decrease in resistivity through the creation of shallow donor levels. By contrast, the implantation of Fe above a critical dose where the Fe density exceeds the dopant concentration leads to the formation of thermally stable, high-resistivity (&gt;106 Ω/⧠) material. The temperature dependence of the resistivity shows an activation energy of 0.67 eV, which corresponds to the acceptor level of substitutional Fe in InP. Both n+InGaAs and p+InGaAs show somewhat similar behavior after implantation with maximum resistivities of ∼105 Ω/⧠ regardless of implant species. Once again for relatively low doses of O or H (below ∼1013 cm−2 in this case) there is creation of shallow defect levels that lower the resistivity of the material. The formation of these levels in InP has been investigated in more detail by measuring the depth-dependent carrier profile in implanted high-resistivity InP. The profile of the damage-induced centers is in close correlation with the nuclear energy deposition profile of the implanted ion in some cases, and with the profiles of stoichiometric excess due to unequal recoil of the lattice constituents in other cases.
1.55-μm dual-polarization lasers implemented with compressive- and tensile-strained quantum wells (1995)

Active regions containing both compressive- and tensile-strained quantum wells can he used to fabricate dual-polarization lasers and polarization insensitive amplifiers. We present experimental and theoretical results of dual-polarization lasers operating at 1.55 μm. A six quantum-well laser structure containing alternately placed compressive- and tensile-strained quantum wells was found to lase in both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations simultaneously. The temperature characteristics of these devices are analyzed theoretically and found to depend strongly on the choice of the barrier band gap.
Wireless networked lighting systems for optimizing energy savings and user satisfaction (2008)

Energy savings and user satisfaction are two major design considerations for modern lighting systems. While some new commercial lighting systems for shared-space office buildings have been able to achieve significant savings via various lighting control strategies, the occupants’ diverse lighting preferences and visual comfort have been generally overlooked or even compromised. Moreover, retrofitting legacy buildings with modern lighting systems is still economically unattractive due to the high cost of global rewiring. Leveraging the versatility of wireless sensor and actuator network technologies, this paper describes a wireless networked lighting system that fulfills both design criteria for modern lighting systems - energy efficiency and user satisfaction. The intelligent lighting optimization algorithm formulates lighting control as a linear programming problem to minimize energy usage and meet occupants’ lighting preferences at the same time. The hardware of the lighting system is designed with minimizing retrofitting efforts and costs in mind, and an implementation of the developed system in a multiperson office shows substantial energy savings while meeting users’ lighting preferences.
Lateral β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> field effect transistors (2019)

Abstract Beta phase Gallium Oxide (BGO) is an emerging ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor with disruptive potential for ultra-low power loss, high-efficiency power applications. The critical field strength is the key enabling material parameter of BGO which allows sub-micrometer lateral transistor geometry. This property combined with ion-implantation technology and large area native substrates result in exceptionally low conduction power losses, faster power switching frequency and even radio frequency power. We present a review of BGO epitaxial materials and lateral field-effect transistors developments, highlight early achievements and discuss engineering solutions with power switching and radio frequency applications in mind.
Death, Society, and Human Experience (1982)

Journal Article Death, Society, and Human Experience Get access Death, Society, and Human Experience (2nd ed.), by R. J. Kastenbaum. C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO, 1981, 316 pp., $13.95 (softcover). Robert J. Smith, PhD Robert J. Smith, PhD Department of Psychology Morgan State UniversityBaltimore, MD 21239 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Gerontology, Volume 37, Issue 4, July 1982, Pages 491–492, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/37.4.491a Published: 01 July 1982