gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Restoring Basal Planes of Graphene Oxides for Highly Efficient Loading and Delivery of β-Lapachone (2012)

An efficient and biocompatible drug nanocarrier is essential for nanomedicines to realize their full therapeutic potential. Here, we investigate the loading of a selective and potent anticancer drug, β-lapachone (β-lap), on a magnetite nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide (Fe3O4/rGO) and the in vitro anticancer efficacy of β-lap loaded Fe3O4/rGO. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with magnetic functionality was prepared via electrostatic interaction between positively charged magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and negatively charged GO, followed by hydrazine reduction of GO to rGO. The prepared Fe3O4/rGO shows that Fe3O4 makes the Fe3O4/rGO hybrid magnetically separable for easy handling during drug loading and release and the Fe3O4/rGO hybrid exhibits significantly higher loading capacity than that of Fe3O4/GO, suggesting that restoration of the graphene basal plane upon reduction of GO enhances the interaction between β-lap and rGO. Cellular uptake studies using fluorescently labeled Fe3O4/rGO verifies successful internalization of Fe3O4/rGO into the cytoplasm while rGO without hybridized Fe3O4 has poor uptake performance. Furthermore, β-lap loaded Fe3O4/rGO shows remarkably high cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells while the blank Fe3O4/rGO produces no cytotoxic effects. The cytotoxicity results suggest that Fe3O4/rGO is an efficient drug carrier for anticancer treatments. The fine-tuning of the chemical structures of graphene oxides by reduction chemistry may provide a universal route for controlled loading and release of drugs or biomolecules to construct advanced delivery vehicles.
Two new coumarins from<i>Edgeworthia chrysantha</i> (2009)

Two new coumarins, 8-[3-(2,4-benzenediol)-propionic acid methyl ester]-coumarin-7-beta-D-glucoside (1) and 7-hydroxyl-odesmethoxyrutarensin (2), were isolated from the stems and barks of Edgeworthia chrysantha. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation.
Synthesis and characterization of a hydride-modified porous silica material as an intermediate in the preparation of chemically bonded chromatographic stationary phases (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of a hydride-modified porous silica material as an intermediate in the preparation of chemically bonded chromatographic stationary phasesJunior E. Sandoval and Joseph J. PesekCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 18, 2067–2075Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00193a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00193a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views588Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A potential new brain-scanning agent: 4-77Br-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisoproplamine (4-Br-DPIA). (1975)

A centrally active drug containing bromine has been synthesized with 82Br and 77Br and appears to concentrate in normal human brain tissues, suggesting its potential use as a brain-scanning agent.
H19-DMR allele-specific methylation analysis reveals epigenetic heterogeneity of CTCF binding site 6 but not of site 5 in head-and-neck carcinomas: A pilot case-control analysis (2006)

Aberrant methylation of seven potential binding sites of the CTCF factor in the differentially methylated region upstream of the H19 gene (H19-DMR) has been suggested as critical for the regulation of IGF2 and H19 imprinted genes. In this study, we analyzed the allele-specific methylation pattern of CTCF binding sites 5 and 6 using methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme PCR followed by RFLP analysis in matched tumoral and lymphocyte DNA from head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, as well as in lymphocyte DNA from control individuals who were cancer-free. The monoallelic methylation pattern was maintained in CTCF binding site 5 in 22 heterozygous out of 91 samples analyzed. Nevertheless, a biallelic methylation pattern was detected in CTCF binding site 6 in a subgroup of HNSCC patients as a somatic acquired feature of tumor cells. An atypical biallelic methylation was also observed in both tumor and lymphocyte DNA from two patients, and at a high frequency in the control group (29 out of 64 informative controls). Additionally, we found that the C/T transition detected by HhaI RFLP suppressed one dinucleotide CpG in critical CTCF binding site 6, of a mutation showing polymorphic frequencies. Although a heterogeneous methylation pattern was observed after DNA sequencing modified by sodium bisulfite, the biallelic methylation pattern was confirmed in 9 out of 10 HNSCCs. These findings are likely to be relevant in the epigenetic regulation of the DMR, especially in pathological conditions in which the imprinting of IGF2 and H19 genes is disrupted.
Protein identification based on matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-post source decay-mass spectrometry (2001)

Due to its very short analysis time, its high sensitivity and ease of automation, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-peptide mass fingerprinting has become the preferred method for identifying proteins of which the sequences are available in databases. However, many protein samples cannot be unambiguously identified by exclusively using their peptide mass fingerprints (e.g., protein mixtures, heavily posttranslationally modified proteins and small proteins). In these cases, additional sequence information is needed and one of the obvious choices when working with MALDI-mass spectrometry (MS) is to choose for post source decay (PSD) analysis on selected peptides. This can be performed on the same sample which is used for peptide mass fingerprinting. Although in this type of peptide analysis, fragmentation yields are very low and PSD spectra are often very difficult to interpret manually, we here report upon our five years of experience with the use of PSD spectra for protein identification in sequence (protein or expressed sequence tag (EST)) databases. The combination of peptide mass fingerprinting and PSD and analysis described here generally leads to unambiguous protein identification in the amount of material range generally encountered in most proteome studies.
Cell Migration and Induction in the Development of the Surface Ectodermal Pattern of the <i>Xenopus laevis</i> Tadpole (1992)

The surface of the Xenopus tadpole contains three specialized, transient cell types; the ciliated, hatching gland, and cement gland cells. To distinguish whether the appearance of these cell types on the surface is due to induction of surface cells or due to migration of deep ectodermal cells into the surface, we transplanted labelled surface or deep cells to unlabelled hosts at early to mid-gastrulae. After raising the host to a tadpole (Stage 28), we examined the embryo's surface for ciliated, hatching gland, and cement gland cells, and observed which cells were labelled. We find that all ciliated cells move into the surface from the deep ectodermal layer along with other cells of unknown function. Hatching gland cells arise by induction of surface cells as do the majority of cement gland cells. A few deep cells give rise to cement gland cells. Therefore, migration of deep cells to the surface and localized induction of surface cells contribute to the final surface patterning of the Xenopus tadpole.
An Integrated Videoconferencing System for Heterogeneous Multimedia Collaboration (2003)

We have developed an integrated conferencing system, Global Multimedia Collaboration System, which enables heterogeneous multimedia clients to join the same real-time sessions. Our system provides support for a variety of protocols and applications, including H.323 clients, SIP clients and Access Grid rooms. In this paper, we would like to show the features and design principles of our conferencing server which facilitates audio and video communications among participating clients in a real-time conference.
HLA Class II Specificity Assessed by High-Density Peptide Microarray Interactions (2020)

The ability to predict and/or identify MHC binding peptides is an essential component of T cell epitope discovery, something that ultimately should benefit the development of vaccines and immunotherapies. In particular, MHC class I prediction tools have matured to a point where accurate selection of optimal peptide epitopes is possible for virtually all MHC class I allotypes; in comparison, current MHC class II (MHC-II) predictors are less mature. Because MHC-II restricted CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells control and orchestrated most immune responses, this shortcoming severely hampers the development of effective immunotherapies. The ability to generate large panels of peptides and subsequently large bodies of peptide-MHC-II interaction data are key to the solution of this problem, a solution that also will support the improvement of bioinformatics predictors, which critically relies on the availability of large amounts of accurate, diverse, and representative data. In this study, we have used rHLA-DRB1*01:01 and HLA-DRB1*03:01 molecules to interrogate high-density peptide arrays, in casu containing 70,000 random peptides in triplicates. We demonstrate that the binding data acquired contains systematic and interpretable information reflecting the specificity of the HLA-DR molecules investigated, suitable of training predictors able to predict T cell epitopes and peptides eluted from human EBV-transformed B cells. Collectively, with a cost per peptide reduced to a few cents, combined with the flexibility of rHLA technology, this poses an attractive strategy to generate vast bodies of MHC-II binding data at an unprecedented speed and for the benefit of generating peptide-MHC-II binding data as well as improving MHC-II prediction tools.
Modification of SOVA-Based Algorithms for Efficient Hardware Implementation (2010)

In this paper, a modified soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) is presented to enable efficient hardware implementation. The forward-only processing of the SOVA has an inherent lower latency than forward-backward algorithms such as BCJR and its offsprings, which are commonly used in iterative decoders. Thus, SOVA-based architectures require less parallelization and therefore hardware for the same data throughput. A simplification is proposed to the Battail rule (BR) SOVA to approximate the concurrent path reliability values with the corresponding metric differences. This simplified BR-SOVA (SB-SOVA) performs close to max-log-MAP. Furthermore, a novel hybrid decoding architecture is proposed that combines the simplicity of the original Hagenauer rule and the performance-preserving properties of the SB-SOVA to trade implementation complexity for decoding performance. The hybrid approach is evaluated with practical link-level simulations of the downlink data channel in LTE Rel-8.
Effects of Polymer Concentration and Cross-Linking Density on Rheology of Chemically Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl alcohol) near the Gelation Threshold (1996)

The evolution of viscoelasticity during the gelation reactions of semidilute solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the presence of cross-linker (glutaraldehyde) has been monitored through the sol−gel transition with dynamic mechanical experiments. The gelation time of the system decreased with increasing PVA and cross-linker concentrations. At the gel point, a power law frequency dependence of the dynamic storage modulus (G‘ ∝ ωn‘) and loss modulus (G‘‘ ∝ ωn‘‘) was observed with n‘ = n‘‘ = n. The power law exponent is lower than that predicted (0.7) from the percolation model. The value of n decreases with increasing polymer and cross-linker concentrations. The critical gel strength parameter (S) rises with increasing polymer and cross-linker concentrations. Some stress relaxation measurements on gelling PVA systems were also carried out. At the gel point, a power law time dependence of the relaxation modulus was detected, but the relaxation exponent was lower than the corresponding one obtained from oscillatory shear measurements. The fractal dimension (df) was determined for the incipient PVA gels. The value of df increased with increasing polymer concentration and cross-linking density. This trend of df suggests a more “tight” structure of the network at higher polymer concentrations and cross-linking densities.
In situ infrared histopathology of keratinization in human oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (1998)

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy is emerging as a promising new tool for histopathological investigations of tissue histochemistry. This study was designed to assess whether changes in tissue biochemistry induced by well-differentiated and poorly differentiated oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can be detected by infrared spectroscopy. The biopsies analyzed were each proven SCC positive and compared with tissue taken from the contralateral normal site. Individual infrared spectra, recorded from specific tissue areas, were correlated with histopathological structures normally found in the oral mucosa. Infrared mapping of these areas allows the generation of biochemical images of molecular structures such as lipids, sugars, and proteins. The visualization of DNA and tissue structures containing keratin (well expressed in all epithelia) reveals distinct differences between normal and SCC-positive biopsies. Bivariate histogram analysis of cell components (e.g., DNA and keratin) indicated that cancer cells produce a relatively homogeneous and clearly abnormal cell biochemistry, whereas differentiated epithelial cells present a very heterogeneous distribution of cellular components. Using these features, tissue containing abnormal or cancer cells can easily be distinguished from normal epithelial structures. The abnormal keratin distribution in poorly differentiated SCC and in keratin pearls (present only in well-differentiated SCC) offers insight into the process of malignant tissue transformation in squamous epithelium. Applying infrared microspectroscopy in combination with bivariate statistics to histopathological tissue thin sections provides a potential diagnostic tool for detection of cell changes in epithelial cancers.
Aptamer ARC19499 mediates a procoagulant hemostatic effect by inhibiting tissue factor pathway inhibitor (2011)

Hemophilia A and B are caused by deficiencies in coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX, respectively, resulting in deficient blood coagulation via the intrinsic pathway. The extrinsic coagulation pathway, mediated by factor VIIa and tissue factor (TF), remains intact but is negatively regulated by tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), which inhibits both factor VIIa and its product, factor Xa. This inhibition limits clot initiation via the extrinsic pathway, whereas factor deficiency in hemophilia limits clot propagation via the intrinsic pathway. ARC19499 is an aptamer that inhibits TFPI, thereby enabling clot initiation and propagation via the extrinsic pathway. The core aptamer binds tightly and specifically to TFPI. ARC19499 blocks TFPI inhibition of both factor Xa and the TF/factor VIIa complex. ARC19499 corrects thrombin generation in hemophilia A and B plasma and restores clotting in FVIII-neutralized whole blood. In the present study, using a monkey model of hemophilia, FVIII neutralization resulted in prolonged clotting times as measured by thromboelastography and prolonged saphenous-vein bleeding times, which are consistent with FVIII deficiency. ARC19499 restored thromboelastography clotting times to baseline levels and corrected bleeding times. These results demonstrate that ARC19499 inhibition of TFPI may be an effective alternative to current treatments of bleeding associated with hemophilia.
Binding of fluorescent-labeled phosphatidylcholine to rat liver nonspecific lipid transfer protein. (1987)

The fluorescent-labeled phospholipid, 1-palmitoyl-2-[12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecan oyl] phosphatidylcholine (P-C12-NBD-PC), is highly self-quenched when contained as a high mole percent in phospholipid vesicles. The addition of nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP), which is identical to sterol carrier protein2, to P-C12-NBD-PC self-quenching vesicles results in a large increase in the fluorescence yield. Evidence is presented that demonstrates that this fluorescence increase results from the binding of P-C12-NBD-PC to one or more low dielectric sites on the nsLTP molecule and that the P-C12-NBD-PC.nsLTP complex can exist free in aqueous solution. The binding is inhibited in the presence of mersalyl, a thiol reagent, and can be reversed with excess cysteine. Transfer of the nsLTP-bound P-C12-NBD-PC to phospholipid vesicles is also demonstrated. The half-times for loading and unloading the P-C12-NBD-PC.nsLTP complex are both 3 orders of magnitude faster than the spontaneous P-C12-NBD-PC transfer between vesicles. These data demonstrate that nsLTP has the necessary properties to bind and carry lipids between membranes.
Deposition of spray liquid on the soil below cereal crops after applications during the growing season (2003)

Summary The aim of this study was to investigate how big a proportion of the spray liquid applied in a typical application was deposited on the soil surface below the crop. From an agronomical point of view this part of the spray is an undesirable loss of foliar acting pesticides during application and it also constitutes a primary source of leaching and surface run‐off. The investigation was carried out during 1998–2001 in winter wheat and in spring barley. Applications were carried out at approximate intervals of 10 days during the whole growing season in the two cereal crops. The results showed that a high proportion of the spray liquid reaches the soil below the crop during applications at early growth stages corresponding to the growth stages where weed control on farms is carried out. At later growth stages soil deposition declined and reached values below 5% of the applied dose in winter wheat after inflorescence emergence (50–59 BBCH). The spring barley crops remained more open and minimum soil deposit values were approximately 15% of the applied dose at growth stages (50–59 BBCH). During ripening soil deposition values increased again as crop cover decreased.
Catalytic activity of noble metals for metal-assisted chemical etching of silicon (2012)

Metal-assisted chemical etching of silicon is an electroless method that can produce porous silicon by immersing metal-modified silicon in a hydrofluoric acid solution without electrical bias. We have been studying the metal-assisted hydrofluoric acid etching of silicon using dissolved oxygen as an oxidizing agent. Three major factors control the etching reaction and the porous silicon structure: photoillumination during etching, oxidizing agents, and metal particles. In this study, the influence of noble metal particles, silver, gold, platinum, and rhodium, on this etching is investigated under dark conditions: the absence of photogenerated charges in the silicon. The silicon dissolution is localized under the particles, and nanopores are formed whose diameters resemble the size of the metal nanoparticles. The etching rate of the silicon and the catalytic activity of the metals for the cathodic reduction of oxygen in the hydrofluoric acid solution increase in the order of silver, gold, platinum, and rhodium.
REPLACE-BG: A Randomized Trial Comparing Continuous Glucose Monitoring With and Without Routine Blood Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes (2017)

Use of CGM without regular use of confirmatory BGM is as safe and effective as using CGM with BGM in adults with well-controlled T1D at low risk for severe hypoglycemia.
A randomized placebo‐controlled trial of metformin for the treatment of HIV lipodystrophy (2007)

Metformin should be used with caution in the treatment of HIV lipodystrophy, and, if used, should be reserved for persons with adequate peripheral fat and marked insulin resistance.
Electrical-Thermal Co-Simulation of 3D Integrated Systems With Micro-Fluidic Cooling and Joule Heating Effects (2011)

In this paper, the electrical-thermal co-simulation of 3D systems with Joule heating, fluidic cooling and air convection effects is proposed. The finite-volume method formulations of voltage distribution equation, heat equations for both fluid flow and solid medium with nonuniform mesh are explained in detail. Based on the proposed iterative co-simulation method, package temperature distribution and voltage drop with Joule heating and fluidic cooling effects can be estimated. Several packaging examples are simulated and the results show that with micro-channel fluidic cooling in high power density 3D integrated packages, the thermal effect on voltage drop is reduced by 10% which is much less than that of using a traditional heat sink.
Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is the antigen recognized by monoclonal antibodies of similar specificity in small‐cell lung carcinoma and neuroblastoma (1989)

We describe reagents from 2 workshops which had been identified as recognizing the same or very similar antigens based on their tissue reactivity. Examination of their tissue specificity led us to the conclusion that this was similar to the expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). We also describe the use of a transfection-based assay to show that these reagents do recognize NCAM. 3T3 cells were transfected with a full-length clone of human NCAM. Indirect immunofluorescence studies showed binding of all related antibodies to the transfectants, but not to the control 3T3 cells. In addition, biochemical analysis using certain antibodies in the cluster confirm that they detect NCAM in the transfectants. Our study shows the benefits of using workshops to compare monoclonal antibodies and a molecular approach to define the antigens recognized by such reagents.