gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two maternal genes, <i>apx-1</i> and <i>pie-1</i>, are required to distinguish the fates of equivalent blastomeres in the early <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> embryo (1994)

In a 4-cell Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, two sister blastomeres called ABa and ABp are born with equivalent developmental potential, but eventually produce distinct patterns of cell fate. The different fates of ABa and ABp are specified at least in part by inductive interactions with neighboring blastomeres. Previous studies indicate that, at the 4-cell stage, a signal from the posterior-most blastomere, P2, is required for ABp to produce at least one of its unique cell types. This P2/ABp interaction depends on glp-1, a putative receptor for intercellular interactions. To investigate this early induction further, we isolated mutants in which ABp developed abnormally. We describe the effects of recessive mutations in apx-1, a maternal gene that appears to be required for P2 to signal ABp. In embryos from mothers homozygous for mutations in apx-1 (apx-1 embryos), ABp fails to produce its characteristic cell types. Instead, ABp from apx-1 embryos develops more like its sister ABa: it produces ABa-like pharyngeal cells and it recapitulates ABa-like cell lineages. Because mutations in apx-1 affect the development of only the ABp blastomere, we suggest that the wild-type gene encodes a component of the P2/ABp signalling pathway. To explain the observation that ABp in apx-1 embryos adopts an ABa-like fate, we propose a model in which the P2 signal is required to break the initial equivalence of ABa and ABp. We performed two independent tests of this model. First, we examined ABp development in pie-1 mutant embryos, in which P2 adopts the identity of another blastomere. We find that, in pie-1 embryos, APp fails to produce its characteristic cell types and instead adopts a fate similar to that of ABa. We conclude that the changed identity of P2 in pie-1 embryos prevents the P2/ABp interaction. As a second test, we examined ABp development in wild-type embryos after physically removing P2. These operated embryos produce extra pharyngeal cells, consistent with out proposal that a signal from P2 breaks the initially equivalent developmental state of ABa and ABp. We discuss the possibility that apx-1 acts as a ligand in this glp-1-dependent signalling pathway.
Synergistic interaction of the Clostridium stercorarium cellulases Avicelase I (CelZ) and Avicelase II (CelY) in the degradation of microcrystalline cellulose (1997)

Avicelase I and Avicelase II purified from the cellulolytic thermophile Clostridium stercorarium acted in synergism to hydrolyze microcrystalline cellulose. The degree of synergism proved to be dependent on the ratio of the two enzymes and on the type of the cellulosic substrate. The activity of the combined enzymes towards Avicel was about double the sum of the individual activities. No synergism was found with amorphous cellulose preparations. It is shown that the simultaneous concerted action of both Avicelases is required to observe synergism. We suggest that synergism results from an exo-exo type cooperativity and present a mechanistic model explaining the synergistic interaction between Avicelase I and Avicelase II.
Heterojunction phototransistors for long-wavelength optical receivers (1982)

We demonstrate by measurement and analysis that previously reported InP/InGaAs heterojunction phototransistors are promising photodetectors for long-wavelength optical receivers. The gain characteristics of these devices are shown to reflect the benefit of a wide band-gap emitter as well as the effects of recombination centers near the base-emitter heterojunction. In order to analyze the noise characteristics we derive a model which accounts for the three principal noise sources: the shot noise of the base current, the shot noise of the collector current, and the thermal noise of the load resistor. Using this model and experimental device parameters, we calculate the sensitivity of an optical receiver which utilizes a heterojunction phototransistor. This calculation indicates that the performance of this monolithic device can be as good as or exceed that of a hybrid p–i–n photodiode/field effect transistor-preamplifier combination.
Isolation of the leucine aminopeptidase gene from Aeromonas proteolytica. Evidence for an enzyme precursor. (1992)

The leucine aminopeptidase of Aeromonas proteolytica (EC 3.4.11.10) is a monomeric metalloenzyme having the capacity to bind two Zn2+ atoms in the active site. Structural information of this relatively small aminopeptidase that could illuminate the catalytic mechanism of the metal ions is lacking; hence, we have obtained sequences from the purified enzyme, cloned the corresponding gene, and expressed the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. The deduced primary amino acid sequence of this secreted protease suggests a potential signal peptide at the NH2 terminus. Expression of the recombinant and native proteins in E. coli and in extracts of culture media of A. proteolytica indicates that the aminopeptidase is secreted as an active and thermosensitive 43-kDa protein that is rapidly transformed to thermostable forms of 30 and 32 kDa. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the A. proteolytica leucine aminopeptidase with other Zn(2+)-binding metalloenzymes failed to show homologies to the consensus binding sequence His-Glu-X-X-His for the metal ion.
Real-time tsunami reporting from the deep ocean (2002)

A 100-year historical database indicates that an average of five tsunamis per year occur in the Pacific and that during this period tsunamis have killed more than 50,000 people. At present, U.S. coastal communities receive warnings based on shore-based seismic data and information from coastal sea level stations. An unacceptable 75% false alarm rate has prevailed. Direct measurement of tsunamis in the open ocean, followed by real-time reports to warning centers, could improve the assessment of the tsunami hazard. Tsunamis have been observed in the deep ocean as part of a research program; furthermore, a recent successful demonstration of a near real-time system has been completed. A surface mooring was deployed with an acoustic modem and a bottom pressure recorder in 2600 m of water. Pressure data was remotely collected from the seafloor via the acoustic modem and telemetered to shore via satellite. The deployment of an array of these moorings in the Pacific is under consideration.
PENGUKURAN EFEKTIFITAS PENGIKLANAN LINGKUNGAN MELALUI IKLAN TELEVISI (PENDEKATAN MODEL AIDA) (2017)

Advertising can no longer be simply regarded as one type of marketing communications but it shouldÂ be packaged as one seed strategy in the context of the overall marketing strategy. In the development of theterm advertising or advertising green environment, it is stated as a strategy that tries to create a culture andÂ identity of the consumers who care about the environment. This study measures the environmental importanceof advertising that is linked to the purpose of advertising itself based on AIDA approach. The study is conductedÂ with the involvement of consumers who have seen a particular brand advertising of Drinking Water in Yogyakarta.Â 166 respondents are selected using convenience sampling technique. While the data obtained through theÂ questionnaire are analyzed by using a structural equation modelling (SEM) and the data processing programÂ AMOS 20.0, after going through two stages of testing the validity and reliability. The results show that advertisingÂ environment is positive and gives significant contribution to the AIDA in the case of television advertising. WhileÂ the influence of the greatest predictive total advertising environment happens to consumer desire to buy. It isÂ also concluded that the variables of attention, interest, and desire to serve as a mediator variable influence ofÂ environment on the advertising of interest, desire, and action of consumers to buy.Keywords: environmental advertising, attention, interest, desire, action
Profound Endothelial Damage Predicts Impending Organ Failure and Death in Sepsis (2015)

Endothelial damage contributes to organ failure and mortality in sepsis, but the extent of the contribution remains poorly quantified. Here, we examine the association between biomarkers of superficial and profound endothelial damage (syndecan-1 and soluble thrombomodulin [sTM], respectively), organ failure, and death in sepsis. The data from a clinical trial, including critically ill patients predominantly suffering sepsis (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00271752) were studied. Syndecan-1 and sTM levels at the time of study enrollment were determined. The predictive ability of biomarker levels on death and organ failures during follow-up were assessed in Cox models adjusted for potential confounders including key organ dysfunction measures assessed at enrollment. Of the 1,103 included patients, 418 died. sTM levels at the time of enrollment independently predicted risk of death in adjusted models (hazard ratio [HR] [highest quartile > 14 ng/mL vs. lowest quartile < 7 ng/mL] 2.2 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-4.0], p = 0.02, respectively). Conversely, syndecan-1 levels failed to predict death (adjusted HR [> 240 vs. < 70 ng/mL] 1.0 [95% CI: 0.6-1.5], p = 0.67). sTM but not syndecan-1 levels at enrollment predicted risk of multiple organ failure during follow-up (HR [> 14 ng/mL vs. < 7 ng/mL] 3.5 [95% CI: 1.5-8.3], p = 0.005 and 2.0 [95% CI: 0.8-5.0], p = 0.1321, respectively). Profound damage to the endothelium independently predicts risk of multiple organ failure and death in septic patients. Our findings also suggest that the detrimental effect of profound endothelial damage on risk of death operates via mechanisms other than causing organ failures per se. Therefore, damage to the endothelium appears centrally involved in the pathogenesis of death in sepsis and could be a target for intervention.
Feature Detection for Vehicle Localization in Urban Environments Using a Multilayer LIDAR (2015)

Localization is an important component of autonomous vehicles, as it enables the accomplishment of tasks, such as path planning and navigation. Although vehicle position can be obtained by GNSS devices, they are susceptible to errors and satellite signal unavailability in urban scenarios. Several map-aided localization solution methods have been proposed in the literature, but mostly for indoor environments. Maps used for localization store relevant environmental features that are extracted by a detection method. However, many feature detection methods do not consider the presence of dynamic obstacles or occlusions in the environment, which can impair the localization performance. In order to detect curbs even in occluding scenes, we developed a method based on ring compression analysis and least trimmed squares. For road marking detection, we developed a modified version of the Otsu thresholding method to segment road painting from road surfaces. Finally, the feature detection methods were integrated with a Monte Carlo localization method to estimate the vehicle position. Experimental tests in urban streets have been used to validate the proposed approach with favorable results.
Experience with high-dose radiation therapy and the intestinal sling procedure in patients with rectal carcinoma (1992)

After 1-6 years of follow-up (mean, 2.1 years), eight patients have died of systemic disease. There were no cases of radiation-associated small bowel injury and only two cases of pelvic recurrence from primary rectal adenocarcinoma (5%).
HFE gene mutations in coronary atherothrombotic disease (2000)

Although iron can catalyze the production of free radicals involved in LDL lipid peroxidation, the contribution of iron overload to atherosclerosis remains controversial. The description of two mutations in the HFE gene (Cys282Tyr and His63Asp) related to hereditary hemochromatosis provides an opportunity to address the question of the association between iron overload and atherosclerosis. We investigated the prevalence of HFE mutations in 160 survivors of myocardial infarction with angiographically demonstrated severe coronary atherosclerotic disease, and in 160 age-, gender- and race-matched healthy control subjects. PCR amplification of genomic DNA followed by RsaI and BclI restriction enzyme digestion was used to determine the genotypes. The frequency of the mutant Cys282Tyr allele was identical among patients and controls (0.022; carrier frequency, 4.4%), whereas the mutant His63Asp allele had a frequency of 0.143 (carrier frequency, 27.5%) in controls and of 0.134 (carrier frequency, 24.5%) in patients. Compound heterozygotes were found in 2 of 160 (1.2%) controls and in 1 of 160 (0.6%) patients. The finding of a similar prevalence of Cys282Tyr and His63Asp mutations in the HFE gene among controls and patients with coronary atherothrombotic disease, indirectly questions the possibility of an association between hereditary hemochromatosis and atherosclerosis.
ARYLAMINE-N-GLYCOSIDES. PART I. ARYLAMINE-N-D-RIBOPYRANOSIDES AND N-D-RIBOFURANOSIDES (1946)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTARYLAMINE-N-GLYCOSIDES. PART I. ARYLAMINE-N-D-RIBOPYRANOSIDES AND N-D-RIBOFURANOSIDESLEO BERGER and JOHN LEECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1946, 11, 1, 75–83Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01171a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01171a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transgenic models to study the roles of inhibins and activins in reproduction, oncogenesis, and development. (1996)

With the advent of gene targeting in pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells, it is now possible to modify the mammalian genome to generate mutant strains of mice with precise genetic mutations. The major goal of my laboratory is to generate transgenic mice to use as physiologic models to study mammalian reproduction and development. The initial focus of our research has been to generate mice deficient in inhibins, activins, activin binding proteins (i.e., follistatin), and activin receptors (i.e., activin receptor type II) to understand their interactions and roles in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and mammalian development. Inhibins and activins, dimeric members of the TGF-beta superfamily, were discovered due to their role in pituitary follicle stimulating hormone homeostasis. However, these proteins have later been shown to have diverse endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine functions. Activins have been shown to mediate their signals through type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. The high interspecies conservation of activins, inhibins, and activin receptors and the universal presence of activins in mammals, birds, amphibians, and fish suggest an evolutionarily conserved role of these proteins in animal development. Our initial studies have demonstrated a tumor suppressor role of inhibin in the gonads and adrenals and have also suggested a role of activins in cancer cachexia-like syndrome. To further study the gonadal tumor development and the cancer cachexia-like syndrome in these mice, we have begun to generate mice with multiple genetic alterations (e.g., mice deficient in both inhibin and Mullerian inhibiting substance). We have also generated mice deficient in other components of this complex system (e.g., activin beta A, activin receptor type II, follistatin). Analysis of these transgenic mutant models has aided our overall understanding of the critical roles these proteins play in the development of the reproductive system, in the modulation of the endocrine milieu that regulates reproductive function, and in mammalian development.
Targeted Intracellular Therapeutic Delivery Using Liposomes Formulated with Multifunctional FAST proteins (2012)

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in North American men and there is no treatment currently available which offers a clear survival advantage to patients with prostate cancer. We studied liposomes formulated with the fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) protein, p14. In this study, we hypothesized that therapeutics delivered in molecular targeted fusogenic liposomes will increase intracellular delivery and specificity for prostate cancer. We demonstrated that liposomes formulated with p14-bombesin significantly increased the delivery of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) into human prostate cancer (PC-3) cells compared to either standard liposomes or non-targeted fusogenic liposomes. Delivery of FITC to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) cells, which express low levels of the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), was similar for targeted and non-targeted formulations. Specificity for GRPR was further established by knocking down GRPR expression with siRNA. Knockdown of the receptor resulted in equivalent intracellular delivery of the FITC with targeted and non-targeted formulations.
The role of executive function and attention in gait (2007)

Until recently, gait was generally viewed as a largely automated motor task, requiring minimal higher-level cognitive input. Increasing evidence, however, links alterations in executive function and attention to gait disturbances. This review discusses the role of executive function and attention in healthy walking and gait disorders while summarizing the relevant, recent literature. We describe the variety of gait disorders that may be associated with different aspects of executive function, and discuss the changes occurring in executive function as a result of aging and disease as well the potential impact of these changes on gait. The attentional demands of gait are often tested using dual tasking methodologies. Relevant studies in healthy adults and patients are presented, as are the possible mechanisms responsible for the deterioration of gait during dual tasking. Lastly, we suggest how assessments of executive function and attention could be applied in the clinical setting as part of the process of identifying and understanding gait disorders and fall risk.
Earle's Edition of the <i>Alcestis</i> - Euripides' Alcestis, edited by Mortimer Lamson Earle. London: Macmillan and Co. (1895)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Amplifier design using λ/4 high impedance bias line with defect ground structure (DGS) (2003)

In this paper, a new /spl lambda//4 bias transmission line that is added dumbbell-shaped defect ground structure (DGS) on ground plane of the conventional /spl lambda//4 bias transmission line is proposed. This DGS /spl lambda//4 bias transmission line maintains high impedance, but physical width is wider and length is shorter than that of the conventional bias line. If the proposed bias line is attached on signal transmission line, this bias line can reduces the 3/sup rd/ harmonic signal as well as the 2/sup nd/ harmonic signal. When the proposed bias line is adopted in power amplifier on IMT-2000 basestation transmitting band, the 3/sup rd/ harmonic signal is reduced about 26.5 dB than the conventional structure.
Preparation of substituted -5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiins (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of substituted -5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiinsHarry Rubinstein and Michael WuertheleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 9, 2762–2763Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01261a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01261a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gnotobiotic Models for Study of the Microbial Ecology of Clostridium difficile and Escherichia coli (1986)

Hamster flora introduced into germfree mice reduced the cecum to conventional size, suppressed populations of Escherichia coli and Clostridium difficile to the same degree that mouse flora did, and corrected the hypocellularity that is characteristic of the small bowel of germfree mice. A highly toxigenic strain of C. difficile readily induced cecitis in germfree and antibiotic-treated conventional mice, and histological examination frequently revealed pseudomembranes. Toxins A and B were both detected in ceca of animals with colitis. Gnotobiotic mice provide a model in which to study the role of the indigenous microflora in protecting against antibiotic-associated colitis.
A pleiotropic phospholipid biosynthetic regulatory mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is allelic to sin3 (sdi1, ume4, rpd1). (1994)

Three mutants were identified in a genetic screen using an INO1-lacZ fusion to detect altered INO1 regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These strains harbor mutations that render the cell unable to fully repress expression of INO1, the structural gene for inositol-1-phosphate synthase. The Cpe-(constitutive phospholipid gene expression) phenotype associated with these mutations segregated 2:2, indicating that it was the result of a single gene mutation. The mutations were shown to be recessive and allelic. A strain carrying the tightest of the three alleles was examined in detail and was found to express the set of co-regulated phospholipid structural genes (INO1, CHO1, CHO2 and OP13) constitutively. The Cpe- mutants also exhibited a pleiotropic defect in sporulation. The mutations were mapped to the right arm of chromosome XV, close to the centromere, where it was discovered that they were allelic to the previously identified regulatory mutation sin3 (sdi1, ume4, rpd1, gam2). A sin3 null mutation failed to complement the mutation conferring the Cpe- phenotype. A mutant harboring a sin3 null allele exhibited the same altered INO1 expression pattern observed in strains carrying the Cpe- mutations isolated in this study.