gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated cell manipulation system—CMOS/microfluidic hybrid (2007)

Manipulation of biological cells using a CMOS/microfluidic hybrid system is demonstrated. The hybrid system starts with a custom-designed CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) chip fabricated in a semiconductor foundry. A microfluidic channel is post-fabricated on top of the CMOS chip to provide biocompatible environments. The motion of individual biological cells that are tagged with magnetic beads is directly controlled by the CMOS chip that generates microscopic magnetic field patterns using an on-chip array of micro-electromagnets. Furthermore, the CMOS chip allows high-speed and programmable reconfiguration of the magnetic fields, substantially increasing the manipulation capability of the hybrid system. Extending from previous work that verified the concept of the hybrid system, this paper reports a set of manipulation experiments with biological cells, which further confirms the advantage of the hybrid approach. To enhance the biocompatibility of the system, the microfluidic channel is redesigned and the temperature of the device is monitored by on-chip sensors. Combining microelectronics and microfluidics, the CMOS/microfluidic hybrid system presents a new model for a cell manipulation platform in biological and biomedical applications.
Regulation of Phospholipid Biosynthesis in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)

Phospholipids are key molecules that contribute to the structural definition of cells and that participate in the regulation of cellular processes. Phospholipid metabolism is a major activity that cells engage in throughout their growth. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, serves as a model system in which to study the regulation of phospholipid synthesis and its regulation in eucaryotes. Its membranous organelles, the lipids that comprise these membranes, and the phospholipid biosynthetic pathways that generate these membranes typify eucaryotic cells (1, 2).
Efficacy of danofloxacin in the treatment of respiratory disease in European cattle (2004)

The efficacy of an injectable formulation of danofloxacin (180 mg/ml) in the treatment of naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease was evaluated in field studies on farms in France, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Cattle aged one week to 15 months with clinical respiratory disease were randomly allocated to treatment with 6 mg/kg danofloxacin or 10 mg/kg tilmicosin, administered by a single subcutaneous injection on day 0. A second injection of danofloxacin was administered on day 2, only if predefined clinical criteria were met. Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus somnus were isolated from pretreatment nasopharyngeal swabs taken on all the farms. After the treatment, there was a more rapid improvement in the clinical response of the 178 animals treated with danofloxacin by day 2 (P < 0.01) than in the 90 treated with tilmicosin. For both treatments, there were similar significant (P < 0.001) reductions in the mean rectal temperature and severity of clinical signs of abnormal respiration and depression, on days 4 and 10 compared with day 0; 78.1 per cent of the animals treated with danofloxacin and 78.5 per cent of those treated with tilmicosin completed the studies. Danofloxacin 18 per cent was clinically safe and as effective as tilmicosin in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease.
Optical rectenna solar cells using graphene geometric diodes (2011)

A solar cell using micro-antennas to convert radiation to alternating current and ultrahigh-speed diodes to rectify the AC can in principle provide extremely high conversion efficiencies. Currently investigated rectennas using metal/insulator/metal (MIM) diodes are limited in their RC response time and have poor impedance matching to the antenna. We have investigated a new rectifier, referred to as a geometric diode, which can overcome these limitations. The geometric diode consists of a conducting thin-film, such as graphene, patterned in a geometry that leads to diode behavior. We have experimentally demonstrated geometric diodes made from graphene and simulated their characteristics using the Drude model for charge transport. Here we compare the characteristics of rectennas using MIM diodes with those based on geometric diodes and show the improved performance of the latter.
Compact anechoic chamber and antenna measurement system for microwave teaching and research applications (1996)

The design of a small, low-cost anechoic chamber well suited to the teaching of antenna theory and measurement techniques is described. The chamber design allows for dismantling relocation, and reassembly when required. Its performance in the range 18–30 GHz has been found to be good. The incorporation of the chamber into an automated antenna pattern measurement system for education and research purposes is also described. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Recent Advances in the design and implementation of Large Integer Factorization Algorithms (1983)

The latest and possibly fastest of the general factoring methods for large composite numbers is the quadratic sieve of Carl Pomerance. A variation of the algorithm is described and an implementation is suggested which combines the forces of a fast pipeline computer such as the Cray I, and a high speed highly parallel array processor such as the Goodyear MPP. A running time analysis, which is based on empirical data rather than asymptotic estimates, suggests that this method could be capable of factoring a 60 digit number in as little as 10 minutes and a 100 digit number is as little as 60 days of continuous computer time.
Protective Effects of Glial Cell Line‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Ischemic Brain Injury (2002)

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, has been shown to have trophic activity on dopaminergic neurons. Recent studies indicate that GDNF can protect the cerebral hemispheres from damage induced by middle cerebral arterial ligation. We found that such neuroprotective effects are mediated through specific GDNF receptor alpha-1 (GFRalpha1). Animals with a deficiency in GFRalpha-1 have less GDNF-induced neuroprotection. Ischemia also enhances nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, which can be attenuated by GDNF. These.data suggest that GDNF can protect against ischemic injury through a GFRalpha-1/NOS mechanism. We also found that the receptor for GDNF, GFRalpha1, and its signaling moiety c-Ret were upregulated, starting immediately after ischemia. This upregulation suggests that activation of an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism occurs so that responsiveness of GDNF can be enhanced at very early stages during ischemia.
Production of Salmonella enteritidis-Contaminated Eggs by Experimentally Infected Hens (1990)

Laying hens of three different ages were experimentally infected with a strain of Salmonella enteritidis by either oral inoculation or contact transmission. Total egg production was depressed in exposed hens of all three age groups. Persistent intestinal shedding was observed in a small number of hens. Eggs with contents contaminated by S. enteritidis were produced by exposed hens at a high frequency, but only during a fairly short period of time that extended through approximately 1 week postinoculation for older hens and through 2 weeks for younger hens. S. enteritidis was recovered from whole yolks and albumen of these eggs at similar frequencies, but not from the content of yolks. Eggs with contaminated shells were also produced, but at a lower frequency. Contaminated eggs were produced by orally inoculated and contact-exposed hens at similar frequencies. S. enteritidis was not isolated from the contents of eggs laid by hens infected with other S. enteritidis strains.
Tratamiento del síndrome de ojo seco. Opción terapéutica (2001)

Se realizo un estudio en el Servicio de Oftalmologia del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto“ de la provincia de Guantanamo, con el objetivo de valorar el uso del aceite de oliva como una opcion terapeutica en el tratamiento del sindrome de ojo seco. Se seleccionaron dos grupos de trabajo, uno control y otro estudio. Al control se le aplico tratamiento convencional local con lagrimas artificiales y cianocobalamina,  y al grupo estudio con aceite de oliva; ambos recibieron vitaminas por via oral. Se evidenciaron resultados altamente alentadores con el uso del aceite de oliva. Se muestran consideraciones finales.
Matter (2005)

Abstract This chapter argues that matter, for Dante, can have no ontological ground or source other than Intellect-Being. Dante's world is not made of fundamental building blocks, rather all sensible reality is a contingent (but otherwise absolutely “real”) projection of self-subsistent Being, identified with pure Intellect or Awareness (which is not a thing). In rough terms this means, for example, that ontologically the brain depends upon consciousness, and not vice versa. It also implies that there is a way to travel in the physical world, and even beyond it, that leaves aside the laws of physics and material bodies. It is the route the pilgrim exploits, or rather the route that happens to the pilgrim: to identify more and more perfectly with the dimensionless conscious reality to which all spatiotemporal experience is immediately present, as in an extensionless point. To locate oneself in space and time is to locate oneself in conscious being, which is, as one who reaches the Primo Mobile discovers, “where” they exist.
Organizational Interests versus Battlefield Needs: The U.S. Military and Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicles in Iraq (2010)

In February 2005, U.S. Marine Corps commanders in Iraq submitted an urgent request for Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles. MRAPs were seen as critical protection from improvised explosive devices, the most frequent cause of casualties. Yet significant progress to fill the request would not be made until June 2007. The most persuasive explanation for the delay can be found not in questions about the effectiveness of the vehicle but in organizational interest. Both the Army and Marine Corps believed that their core missions in the future would revolve around the use of lighter, more maneuverable forces. Because the MRAP was heavy, slow, and expensive, it threatened to derail the services' already established research and development priorities. Despite proof that the MRAP would provide important protection for troops in Iraq, the Army and Marine Corps chose to protect previous investments rather than adapt to emerging threats.
Macro-encapsulation of heat storage phase-change materials for use in residential buildings. First quarterly progress report, September 29--December 29, 1976 (1977)

Objectives are to assess the feasibility of macro-encapsulated PCM's for residential solar systems, to develop and evaluate such materials. Five PCM's have been selected from encapsulation studies. Encapsulated storage media were evaluated theoretically in storage beds with air and water as the heat transfer medium. Cylindrical, tetrahedral, and pillow shapes are being evaluated for the encapsulated PCM. Encapsulant materials under consideration are multilayer flexible plastic films, steel cans, and plastic bottles.
시뮬레이션 기법을 활용한 금융공학 연구 국내 현황 조사 (2010)

시뮬레이션이란 난해하고 복잡한 문제를 해결하기 위해 모의실험을 반복적으로 되풀이하여 그 특성을 분석하고 파악하는 기법이다. 모의실험은 컴퓨터에 실제의 환경과 거의 같은 상황을 연출하는 프로그램을 기억시켜 놓고 자료를 주어 실행시키는 것으로 실제 실험과 같은 결과를 얻어낼 수 있다. 또한 여러 가지 조건이 주어지면 그에 적합한 변수들을 모델링하여 다양한 문제 해결에 큰 효과를 볼 수 있다. 이러한 시뮬레이션 기법은 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있다. 예컨대 금융공학은 물론, 군사 분야, 건축학, 로봇공학, 정보통신, 그리고 산업공학 등이 있다. 본 논문에서는 상품에 대한 가격 결정 모형, 주가 생성 모형, 그리고 헤지 성능 평가로 크게 세 가지 분야로 구분하여 금융공학 분야에서 시뮬레이션의 활용에 대해 조사한다. 기간은 2000년부터 2009년까지의 국내 학술지 및 학술대회 게재 논문을 중점으로 분석한다. 본 논문은 과거 10년간 시뮬레이션 기법이 금융공학에 활용되는 연구 사례를 조사하고 시뮬레이션 이 금융공학에 적용되는 방법론을 제시해줌으로써 금융공학 분야에 시뮬레이션 기법을 적용하고자 하는 연구자들에게 실질적인 참고가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Multiatlas‐based segmentation with preregistration atlas selection (2013)

Based on the results the authors conclude that the proposed method is able to reduce the number of atlases that have to be registered to the target image with 80% on average, without compromising segmentation accuracy.
Automatic dispersion equalization with simple zero dispersion detection using alternating chirp signal in 20-Gbit/s, 400-km transmission experiment (1999)

We propose an automatic dispersion equalization system with a zero dispersion detector that uses an alternating chirp signal and a dispersion-variable equalizer. Automatic dispersion equalization was successfully demonstrated in a 20-Gbit/s, 400-km transmission experiment.
Epoxides of Carcinogenic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Are Frameshift Mutagens (1972)

K-region epoxides of the carcinogens benz[a] anthracene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and 7-methylbenz[a] anthracene are mutagenic in strains of Salmonella typhimurium designed to detect frameshift mutagens. Parent hydrocarbons, K-region diols and phenols and some other epoxides are inactive as mutagens in these tests. Polycyclic hydrocarbon epoxides, and other presumed proximal carcinogens, are discussed as examples of intercalating agents with reactive side chains. It has been shown previously that intercalating agents with reactive side chains are potent frameshift mutagens.
High-Affinity Binding of Silybin Derivatives to the Nucleotide-Binding Domain of a <i>Leishmania tropica</i> P-Glycoprotein-Like Transporter and Chemosensitization of a Multidrug-Resistant Parasite to Daunomycin (2001)

In order to overcome the multidrug resistance mediated by P-glycoprotein-like transporters in Leishmania spp., we have studied the effects produced by derivatives of the flavanolignan silybin and related compounds lacking the monolignol unit on (i) the affinity of binding to a recombinant C-terminal nucleotide-binding domain of the L. tropica P-glycoprotein-like transporter and (ii) the sensitization to daunomycin on promastigote forms of a multidrug-resistant L. tropica line overexpressing the transporter. Oxidation of the flavanonol silybin to the corresponding flavonol dehydrosilybin, the presence of the monolignol unit, and the addition of a hydrophobic substituent such as dimethylallyl, especially at position 8 of ring A, considerably increased the binding affinity. The in vitro binding affinity of these compounds for the recombinant cytosolic domain correlated with their modulation of drug resistance phenotype. In particular, 8-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-dehydrosilybin effectively sensitized multidrug-resistant Leishmania spp. to daunomycin. The cytosolic domains are therefore attractive targets for the rational design of inhibitors against P-glycoprotein-like transporters.
Promoter Elements, Regulatory Elements, and Chromatin Structure of the Yeast his3 Gene (1983)

This paper deals with the relationship between the structure and function of a simple eukaryotic gene, the his3 gene of the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. First, I describe genetic experiments that define elements necessary for his3 expression (promoter elements) as well as elements responsible for regulating the level of expression as a function of the cell's physiological state (regulatory elements). Second, I discuss the relationship between these genetic elements and the chromatin structure of the his3 gene.
Signaling requirements for translocation of P-Rex1, a key Rac2 exchange factor involved in chemoattractant-stimulated human neutrophil function (2007)

PI 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3; PIP3]-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1) is a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor abundant in neutrophils and myeloid cells. As a selective catalyst for Rac2 activation, P-Rex1 serves as an important regulator of human neutrophil NADPH oxidase activity and chemotaxis in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli. The exchange activity of P-Rex1 is synergistically activated by the binding of PIP3 and betagamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins in vitro, suggesting that the association of P-Rex1 with membranes is a prerequisite for cellular activation. However, the spatial regulation of endogenous P-Rex1 has not been well defined, particularly in human neutrophils activated through G protein-coupled receptors. Upon stimulation of neutrophil chemoattractant receptors, we observed that P-Rex1 translocated from cytoplasm to the leading edge of polarized cells in a G protein betagamma subunit- and PIP3-dependent manner, where it colocalized with F-actin and its substrate, Rac2. Redistribution of P-Rex1 to the leading edge was also dependent on tyrosine kinase activity and was modulated by cell adhesion. Furthermore, we observed that activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates and inactivates P-Rex1, inhibited its translocation. Our data indicate that endogenous P-Rex1 translocates to areas of Rac2 and cytoskeletal activation at the leading edge in response to chemoattractant stimuli in human neutrophils and that this translocation can be negatively modulated by activation of PKA and by cell adhesion.
Regulatory Cascades Involving Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases (2000)

Elucidation of the components that comprise signaling cascades in cells is a primary theme in molecular endocrinology. These signal transduction pathways are frequently initiated at the plasma membrane by the interaction of a ligand with a cell surface receptor. This interaction can result in activation of a number of pathways that are initiated by stimulation of signaling proteins such as JAK/STAT, small G proteins (such as Ras), or adenylyl cyclase (to generate cAMP). However, when the receptor is coupled to heterotrimeric G proteins such as Gq, phospholipase C is stimulated leading to activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the generation of inositol tris-phosphate (IP3) which, in turn, releases Ca from intracellular stores (Fig. 1)(1). Alternatively, excitable cells can respond to membrane depolarizing stimuli by altering the gating of voltage-dependent Ca channels. In either case, as depicted in Fig. 1, the increase in intracellular Ca initiates signaling cascades that lead to essential biological processes such as secretion, cell proliferation, differentiation, and movement. Calcium concentrations are only transiently increased, and various signals can result in changes in either the amplitude and/or frequency of such fluxes. The diffusion of calcium in the cell is severely restricted due to the large number of proteins and organelles that can bind to or otherwise sequester calcium. Thus, global intracellular Ca signals result from the coordination and summation of elementary release events that have been called “Ca puffs” and influence the concentration of free Ca in both cytoplasm and nucleus (2). THE INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM RECEPTOR, CALMODULIN (CaM)
Molecular basis for enantioselective herbicide degradation imparted by aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenases in transgenic plants (2019)

The synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is an active ingredient of thousands of commercial herbicides. Multiple species of bacteria degrade 2,4-D via a pathway initiated by the Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate (Fe/αKG)-dependent aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenases (AADs). Recently, genes encoding 2 AADs have been deployed commercially in herbicide-tolerant crops. Some AADs can also inactivate chiral phenoxypropionate and aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicides, albeit with varying substrate enantioselectivities. Certain AAD enzymes, such as AAD-1, have expanded utility in weed control systems by enabling the use of diverse modes of action with a single trait. Here, we report 1) the use of a genomic context-based approach to identify 59 additional members of the AAD class, 2) the biochemical characterization of AAD-2 from <i>Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens</i> USDA 110 as a catalyst to degrade (<i>S</i>)-stereoisomers of chiral synthetic auxins and AOPP herbicides, 3) spectroscopic data that demonstrate the canonical ferryl complex in the AAD-1 reaction, and 4) crystal structures of representatives of the AAD class. Structures of AAD-1, an (<i>R</i>)-enantiomer substrate-specific enzyme, in complexes with a phenoxypropionate synthetic auxin or with AOPP herbicides and of AAD-2, which has the opposite (<i>S</i>)-enantiomeric substrate specificity, reveal the structural basis for stereoselectivity and provide insights into a common catalytic mechanism.
Clinical observation on trimetazidine in treatment of chronic heart failure (2011)

Objective To explore the clinical effect of chlorpromazine(TMZ)in treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods 70 patients with CHF were randomly divided into control group and treatment group 35 cases in each gronp,control group was given conventional treatment,treatment group on the basis of additional application TMZ,20mg/times,3 times/d.8 weeks after the observation and comparison of two groups of cardiac function in improving the situation.Results Treatment group before the treatment of LVEF(38.0 ± 2.4)％ After treatment,LVEF(48.0 ±2.3)％ ;control group before treatment LVEF(38.2 ±2.2)％ after treatment,LVEF(42.0 t2.5)％ ;Twosets of treatment LVEFdifference statistically significant(t =6.9419,2.8482,allP ＜ 0.05); Treatment group compared with control groups after treatment improve even more obvious(t =4.3147,P ＜0.05)o Control groups and then hospitalized 10 cases(28.5％),the treatment group hospitalization 3 cases(8.5％),both groups rate difference statistically significant(x2 =4.629,P ＜0.05).Both groups were no deaths,no serious adverse effects.Conclusion General against heart failure therapy on the basis of the combined with TMZ could significantly improve the cardiac function of patients with chronic heart failure,reducing hospitalization rates.

Key words: 
Heart failure, congestive;  Heart function;  Trimetazidine
Prostate specific antigen predominantly forms a complex with alpha1-antichymotrypsin in blood. Implications for procedures to measure prostate specific antigen in serum (1992)

The benefits of detecting different molecular forms of serum PSA should be investigated regarding possibilities to facilitate differential diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate (CAP) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Abstract B60: From plasma peptide to phenotype: An emerging role of quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase 1 in tumor cell invasion (2011)

Abstract Quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX1) oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to form disulfide bonds in proteins. We previously mapped a peptide in plasma from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients back to an overexpressed QSOX1 parent protein in tumor cells. It is not known why, or in what capacity, pancreatic tumors overexpress QSOX1. To begin to address this question, we first showed through immunohistochemistry that QSOX1 is overexpressed in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, while it is not expressed in adjacent normal tissue or infiltrating lymphocytes. To determine the potential advantages QSOX1 might provide to tumor cells we knocked down QSOX1 using shRNA that suppressed both short and long isoforms of the protein. Loss of QSOX1 expression suppressed cell growth over time, while changes in cell cycle and apoptotic markers were minimal. However, QSOX1 shRNA dramatically inhibited the abilities of BxPC3 and Panc-1 pancreatic tumor cells to invade through Matrigel in a modified Boyden chamber assay. Mechanistically, gelatin zymography indicated that QSOX1 may play an important role in intracellular processing and extracellular activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Taken together, our results suggest that pancreatic tumors that express QSOX1 demonstrate an invasive phenotype through MMP activation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr B60.