gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Cleavage of α-Keto Acids and α-Keto Alcohols by Means of Lead Tetra-acetate (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative Cleavage of α-Keto Acids and α-Keto Alcohols by Means of Lead Tetra-acetateErich BaerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1940, 62, 6, 1597–1606Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1940https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01863a074RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views472Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Pulse Sequences for Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2000)

Interventional magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is different from diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in its spatial, temporal, and contrast resolution requirements due to its specific clinical applications. As a result, the pulse sequences used in iMRI often are significantly different than those used in the more conventional diagnostic arena. The focus of this article is to summarize how iMRI is different from diagnostic MRI, to describe a variety of MRI pulse sequences and sequence strategies that have evolved because of these differences, and to describe some MRI sequence strategies that are in development and may be seen in future iMRI applications.
Restriction enzyme and Southern hybridization analyses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from patients with cystic fibrosis (1991)

Conventional typing schemes for Pseudomonas aeruginosa may not discriminate strains. P. aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis were examined by restriction enzyme analysis and Southern hybridization. There was marked diversity of restriction enzyme analysis patterns among P. aeruginosa DNAs from cystic fibrosis isolates; however, sequential isolates obtained from individual patients showed very little variation over an 8-year period. DNA fragments from the alginate biosynthesis gene complex, the exotoxin A gene, and the elastase gene of P. aeruginosa were used in Southern hybridization analysis. The patterns of hybridization to the elastase and algD gene probes were highly conserved in all isolates, therefore, these DNA fragments are not useful in discriminating strains, in contrast to the exotoxin A gene probe.
Studien auf dem Gebiet der Phenol‐Formaldehyd‐Harze, XIV. Mitteil.: Über die Ammoniak‐Kondensation und die Reaktion von Phenolen mit Hexamethylentetramin (1949)

Abstract Die Kondensation von Phenolen mit Formaldehyd und Ammoniak bzw. mit Hexmethylentetramin verläuft, wie an einfachen Beispielen gezeigt wird, als Phenol‐Formaldehyd‐Amin‐Mischkondensation, wobei Bis‐ und Trisoxybenzyl‐amin‐Verbindungen entstehen. Dazu Kommen, besonders bei höherer Temperatur, noch Oxydo‐Reduktionsvorgänge, welche die Bildung stark farbiger Azomethin‐Verbindungen mit sich bringen.
Fabrication of a Composite Tow-Steered Structure for Air-Launch Vehicle Applications (2018)

Generation Orbit (GO) is developing the GO Launcher-1 (GO-1), a single stage liquid rocket that is launched from a Gulfstream III carrier aircraft platform. The vehicle is designed as the next generation platform for hypersonic flight testing and suborbital microgravity research. To reduce mass and increase payload, GO partnered with NASA Langley Research Center to design, analyze, optimize, and fabricate a tow-steered manufacturing development unit of a cylindrical section of a liquid oxygen tank. The fabrication process of using the ISAAC (Integrated Structural Assembly of Advanced Composites) system is described. The structural design challenges and the concept design solutions are also presented to provide the context for the fabrication process. The in-situ nondestructive evaluation supporting the effort is also described.
Software Defined Networking across Distributed Datacenters over Cloud (2013)

Cloud computing, in particular its system spread across several data centers, poses a unique set of networking challenges and management problems. This paper presents our design, implementation, and experience in tackling these challenges by using the concepts and technologies of software-defined network (SDN). We define a network abstraction to incorporate the physical and virtual data plane within a data center. We propose a new network primitive to address the interconnection issues among multiple data centers. A policy plane consolidating these mechanisms provides a programmable interface to enable a wide range of policies and new networking mechanisms. We present the performance result on a real deployment over the production networks. The experience and initial performance results demonstrate that the SDN is a promising solution to cloud networking.
Sequential Synthesis of Ganglioside Precursors and Haematosides in Chicken Retina (1978)

Conference Article| February 01 1978 Sequential Synthesis of Ganglioside Precursors and Haematosides in Chicken Retina P. F. URBAN; P. F. URBAN 1Centre de Neurochimie du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar N. NESKOVIC; N. NESKOVIC 2Centre de Neurochimie du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. HARTH; S. HARTH 3Centre de Neurochimie du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. MANDEL; P. MANDEL 4Centre de Neurochimie du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar H. DREYFUS H. DREYFUS 5Centre de Neurochimie du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique de la Faculté de Médecine, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Biochem Soc Trans (1978) 6 (1): 172–174. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060172 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P. F. URBAN, N. NESKOVIC, S. HARTH, P. MANDEL, H. DREYFUS; Sequential Synthesis of Ganglioside Precursors and Haematosides in Chicken Retina. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1978; 6 (1): 172–174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060172 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Composing distributed systems from reusable aspects of behavior (2003)

Research on aspect oriented programming and specification has highlighted the need to deal with cross-cutting concerns that involve more than one implementation level component. Distributed systems are an important application area where cross-cutting concerns frequently emerge. We present a novel way of composing distributed behavior from reusable superposition steps. The steps are given in a joint action notation, which allows the introducing of logically related data and operations in several implementation level components simultaneously. A superposition step contains a description of the context in which it is applicable, and the additional structure to add to a specification. Aspects of collective behavior may overlap at the implementation level. To make it possible to separate aspects cleanly at the specification level, our specification method allows entities to be merged in composition to allow an implementation level entity to play multiple specification level roles.
Penumbral Dose Characteristics of Physical and Virtual Wedge Profiles (2017)

Purpose: Both physical and virtual wedges are used in radiotherapy to get uniform and desired dose distribution in clinical setting. All linear accelerators of different venders have computer controlled dynamic wedges called virtual wedge filters. Penumbra is one of the important photon beam characteristics needed to be understood in radiation therapy at the time of commissioning of Treatment Planning system (TPS) as well as applying various treatment planning algorithms in clinical applications. In this study we measured the dose profiles of open field, physical wedges (PW) and virtual wedges (VW) for energies (6 MV & 15 MV), various field sizes (10 × 10, 15 × 15 & 20 × 20 cm2), depths (dmax, 10 cm, 20 cm) and wedge angles (15°, 30°, 45° and 60°). From beam profile we calculated the penumbral width for open and wedged fields. The study was carried out on Siemens ONCOR IMRT Plus linear accelerator. The obtained penumbral width of PW and VW of all wedge angles was subtracted from the penumbral width of open field. The deviations in penumbral width were compared and statistically analyzed as a function of energy, depth, field size and wedge angles. Material and Method: The penumbral width was measured using IBA CC13 ion chamber in IBA Blue phantom (a 3D water phantom). The source to surface distance (SSD) during our study was kept 100cm and measurement was taken for 10 × 10, 15 × 15, 20 × 20 cm2 field sizes and for 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° wedges. These measurements were taken for both 6 MV and 15 MV photon energies. Virtual wedge profiles were acquired using LDA-99 linear detector array (IBA, Germany). The deviations in penumbral width for both PW and VW were calculated by subtracting the penumbral width from open field penumbral width in gun direction (in-plane) and deviation in VW penumbral width, and were obtained by subtracting the open field penumbral width in left-right direction (cross-plane) direction. The measured deviations were plotted for both PW and VW. Statistics on the measured deviations was performed by using SPSS Version 15. Results & Conclusion: The results of one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) show that the deviations are significant with energy and the deviations are higher in lower energy than higher energy. The deviations increase as depth increases, the deviations are also significant with depth. The deviations increase with field sizes; the deviations as a function of field size are highly significant. The deviations are higher in PW than VW but the deviations with wedge type are in-significant. As wedge angle increases, deviations also increase and the effect of wedge angle is highly significant on deviations.
Epoxyalkane:Coenzyme M Transferase in the Ethene and Vinyl Chloride Biodegradation Pathways of <i>Mycobacterium</i> Strain JS60 (2003)

Mycobacterium strains that grow on ethene and vinyl chloride (VC) are widely distributed in the environment and are potentially useful for biocatalysis and bioremediation. The catabolic pathway of alkene assimilation in mycobacteria is not well characterized. It is clear that the initial step is a monooxygenase-mediated epoxidation that produces epoxyethane from ethene and chlorooxirane from VC, but the enzymes involved in subsequent transformation of the epoxides have not been identified. We investigated epoxyethane metabolism in Mycobacterium strain JS60 and discovered a coenzyme M (CoM)-dependent enzyme activity in extracts from VC- and ethene-grown cells. PCR amplifications using primers targeted at epoxyalkane:CoM transferase (EaCoMT) genes yielded part of the JS60 EaCoMT gene, which was used to clone an 8.4-kb genomic DNA fragment. The complete EaCoMT gene (etnE) was recovered, along with genes (etnABCD) encoding a four-component monooxygenase and two genes possibly involved in acyl-CoA ester metabolism. Reverse transcription-PCR indicated that the etnE and etnA genes were cotranscribed and inducible by ethene and VC. Heterologous expression of the etnE gene in Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155 using the pMV261 vector gave a recombinant strain capable of transforming epoxyethane, epoxypropane, and chlorooxirane. A metabolite identified by mass spectrometry as 2-hydroxyethyl-CoM was produced from epoxyethane. The results indicate that the EaCoMT and monooxygenase enzymes encoded by a single operon (etnEABCD) catalyze the initial reactions in both the VC and ethene assimilation pathways. CoM-mediated reactions appear to be more widespread in bacteria than was previously believed.
Improvement of functional properties of acid‐precipitated soy protein by the attachment of dextran through Maillard reaction (2009)

Summary The functional acid‐precipitated soy protein (SAPP)–dextran conjugate was prepared by dry‐heated storage at 60 °C under 79% relative humidity (RH) for 5 days through Maillard reaction between the ε‐amino of lysine in soy proteins and the reducing‐end carbonyl residue in the dextran. The covalent attachment of dextran to SAPP was confirmed by SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration chromatography. Functional properties of soy protein depend on the structural and aggregation characteristics of their major components (storage globulins 7S and 11S). The conjugate seemed to be predominantly formed by 7S, and the acidic subunits of 11S in soy protein. The emulsifying properties of the SAPP–dextran conjugate were about four times higher than those of SAPP. The solubility of the protein was not enhanced as a result of preheating, but rather it was not decreased when the conjugated protein was heated at 90 °C for 20 min due to the presence of the polysaccharide. The excellent emulsifying properties of SAPP–dextran conjugate were maintained even at pH 3.0 and were further improved at pH 10.0. The object of Maillard reaction is to guarantee the suitable reaction degree, and the resulting soluble conjugate can have excellent emulsifying properties.
A Survey of Applications of Wireless Sensors and Wireless Sensor Networks (2005)

Wireless sensors and wireless sensor networks have come to the forefront of the scientific community recently. This is the consequence of engineering increasingly smaller sized devices, which enable many applications. The use of these sensors and the possibility of organizing them into networks have revealed many research issues and have highlighted new ways to cope with certain problems. In this paper, different applications areas where the use of such sensor networks has been proposed are surveyed
Role of the amino terminal RHAU-specific motif in the recognition and resolution of guanine quadruplex-RNA by the DEAH-box RNA helicase RHAU (2010)

Under physiological conditions, guanine-rich sequences of DNA and RNA can adopt stable and atypical four-stranded helical structures called G-quadruplexes (G4). Such G4 structures have been shown to occur in vivo and to play a role in various processes such as transcription, translation and telomere maintenance. Owing to their high-thermodynamic stability, resolution of G4 structures in vivo requires specialized enzymes. RHAU is a human RNA helicase of the DEAH-box family that exhibits a unique ATP-dependent G4-resolvase activity with a high affinity and specificity for its substrate in vitro. How RHAU recognizes G4-RNAs has not yet been established. Here, we show that the amino-terminal region of RHAU is essential for RHAU to bind G4 structures and further identify within this region the evolutionary conserved RSM (RHAU-specific motif) domain as a major affinity and specificity determinant. G4-resolvase activity and strict RSM dependency are also observed with CG9323, the Drosophila orthologue of RHAU, in the amino terminal region of which the RSM is the only conserved motif. Thus, these results reveal a novel motif in RHAU protein that plays an important role in recognizing and resolving G4-RNA structures, properties unique to RHAU among many known RNA helicases.
Local Algorithm for User Action Prediction Towards Display Ads (2017)

User behavior modeling is essential in computational advertisement, which builds users' profiles by tracking their online behaviors and then delivers the relevant ads according to each user's interests and needs. Accurate models will lead to higher targeting accuracy and thus improved advertising performance. Intuitively, similar users tend to have similar behaviors towards the displayed ads (e.g., impression, click, conversion). However, to the best of our knowledge, there is not much previous work that explicitly investigates such similarities of various types of user behaviors, and incorporates them into ad response targeting and prediction, largely due to the prohibitive scale of the problem.
A Novel Complex with Boat‐Shaped, Synfacially Bound η<sup>3</sup>:η<sup>3</sup>‐Benzene Bridges and the First μ<sub>3</sub>‐η<sup>2</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>‐Arenetrirhodium Complex (1993)

Successive complexation of photolytically generated [CpRh] fragments to benzene affords complexes 1 and 2. The novel structural characteristic of 1 is the bonding of the benzene bridge. It coordinates as two enyl ligand systems, each attached to a different Rh center. Complex 2 is the first example of a face-capping arrangement of an arene in Rh complexes.
Rheological Properties of Mixed Gels of<i>κ</i>-Carrageenan with Galactomannan (1995)

The rheological properties of 1-1.5% κ-carrageenan gels mixed with galactomannan, i.e., locust bean gum, tara gum, and guar gum, in ratios of 7: 3 and 1: 1 were investigated by measuring the temperature dependence and the courses of dynamic viscoelasticity and static viscoelasticity. The addition of small amounts of locust bean gum and tara gum to κ-carrageenan changed the rheological properties of the original to a firmer and more elastic gel. Measurements of the storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G”) showed that κ-carrageenan formed the basic network structure of the gel, while locust bean gum and tara gum strengthened this network structure.κ-Carrageenan showed a synergistic effect with locust bean gum and tara gum, but not with guar gum, which was caused by the difference of the constituent ratio of galactose to mannose in the three gums. Significant differences in the network structures of mixed gels of κ-carrageenan and the three gums were apparent by observing with a scanning electron microscope.
Changes in the use of screening mammography: evidence from the 1987 and 1990 National Health Interview Surveys. (1994)

Despite this dramatic increase, two thirds of women are not having screening mammograms. Use was not higher primarily because women did not realize that screening mammography tests for breast cancer in asymptomatic women. Primary care physicians are the main source of health education for screening mammography. The data suggest that public health programs to promote screening mammography should especially target primary care physicians and women with low incomes and education. Likewise, health care providers should ensure that their patients are referred to facilities that deliver high-quality mammography at low cost to make the procedure more accessible.
Evaluation of immunodominant epitopes of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) using synthetic peptides. (1995)

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and has been associated with a variety of immunologically-mediated diseases. Recently, the immunodominant epitopes of HTLV-I have begun to be defined through the utilization of synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins. Strategies to define the conformational features of immunogenic peptides and design chimeric and multivalent constructs that mimic native viral proteins have provided the opportunity to create an effective synthetic vaccine against HTLV-I infection. An ideal peptide vaccine to be universally immunogenic must incorporate rationally designed antigenic determinants that accurately mimic the corresponding structural architecture found in native proteins and elicit relevant components of the immune system. We have recently designed and tested chimeric and beta-sheet template constructs containing HTLV-I immunodominant peptide motifs that elicit neutralizing antibody responses and overcome genetically restricted immune responses. To further illustrate putative vaccine candidates, HTLV-I env and tax proteins were analyzed using various computer-predicted correlates of protein antigenicity, secondary structural predictions, and major histocompatibility complex class I binding motifs. These approaches provide the opportunity to design synthetic peptide vaccines against HTLV-I infection that are based on structurally defined criteria, as well as test the influence of glycosylation on peptide conformation and immunogenicity.
New edge directed interpolation (2000)

This paper presents a novel edge orientation adaptive interpolation scheme for resolution enhancement of still images. In order to achieve ideal orientation adaptation, we propose to estimate the local covariance characteristics at low resolution but cleverly use them to direct the interpolation at high resolution based on the resolution invariant property of edge orientation. The orientation adaptive property guarantees the interpolation always go along the edge orientation but not across it. Our new interpolation scheme can generate images with dramatically higher visual quality than linear interpolation techniques while keeping the computational complexity still modest.
Doppler ambiguity resolution using optimal multiple pulse repetition frequencies (1999)

Ferrari, Berenguer, and Alengrin (ibid., vol. 33, pp. 738-51, 1997) proposed an algorithm for velocity ambiguity resolution in coherent pulsed Doppler radar using multiple pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs). In this algorithm, two step estimations (folded frequency and ambiguity order) for the Doppler frequency is used by choosing particular PRF values. The folded frequency is the fractional part of the Doppler frequency and is estimated by averaging the folded frequency estimates for each PRF. The ambiguity order is the integer part of the Doppler frequency and is estimated by using the quasi-maximum-likelihood criterion. The PRF are grouped into pairs and each pair PRF values are symmetric about 1. The folded frequency estimate for each pair is the circular mean of the two folded frequency estimates of the pair due to the symmetry property. We propose a new algorithm based on the optimal choice of the PRF values, where the PRF values are also grouped into pairs. In each pair PRF values, one is given and the other is optimally chosen. The optimality is built upon the minimal sidelobes of the maximum likelihood criterion. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the improved performance.