gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A lane departure warning system using lateral offset with uncalibrated camera (2005)

In this paper, we propose an automatic method for determining the lateral offset of the vehicle with respect to the center of the lane. Initially, a linear-parabolic model is used to detect lane boundaries. The linear part of the model is then used to obtain an estimation of the lateral offset, without the knowledge of any intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameter. Finally, the analysis the offset across time is then used to determine a lane departure measure, allowing lane crossings to be detected in advance.
Oxidative stress detection with Escherichia coli harboring a katG'::lux fusion (1996)

A plasmid containing a transcriptional fusion of the Escherichia coli katG promoter to a truncated Vibrio fischeri lux operon (luxCDABE) was constructed. An E. coli strain bearing this plasmid (strain DPD2511) exhibited low basal levels of luminescence, which increased up to 1,000-fold in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, redox-cycling agents (methyl viologen and menadione), a hydrogen peroxide-producing enzyme system (xanthine and xanthine oxidase), and cigarette smoke. An oxyR deletion abolished hydrogen peroxide-dependent induction, confirming that oxyR controlled katG'::lux luminescence. Light emission was also induced by ethanol by an unexplained mechanism. A marked synergistic response was observed when cells were exposed to both ethanol and hydrogen peroxide; the level of luminescence measured in the presence of both inducers was much higher than the sum of the level of luminescence observed with ethanol and the level of luminescence observed with hydrogen peroxide. It is suggested that this construction or similar constructions may be used as a tool for assaying oxidant and antioxidant properties of chemicals, as a biosensor for environmental monitoring and as a tool for studying cellular responses to oxidative hazards.
Design of a body plethysmograph for studying cardiopulmonary physiology (1959)

A body plethysmograph may be used for the measurement in man of thoracic gas volume, airway resistance, instantaneous pulmonary capillary flow and abdominal gas volume; if functional residual capacity (dilution method) and pulmonary resistance (esophageal balloon technique) are measured concomitantly, calculations of ‘trapped’ gas (in the lungs or pleural cavity) and of pulmonary tissue resistance may also be made. The design of the plethysmograph, the electrical circuits and recording devices used and the direct reading attachments for the cathode ray oscillograph are presented together with details of operation and some suggestions for modifications of the original design. Submitted on July 14, 1958
Secretion of the Hormoconis resinae glucoamylase P enzyme from Trichoderma reesei directed by the natural and the cbh1 gene secretion signal (1993)

Secretion of the Hormoconis resinae glucoamylase P (GAMP) enzyme from Trichoderma reesei using either the natural N-terminal extension of the premature glucoamylase P or the cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) signal peptide was examined.The expression conditions for the heterologous glucoamylase P (gamP) gene in T. reesei were standardized by targeting one copy of a plasmid fragment, containing the gamP gene, to the cbhl locus of the host, The results showed that the transient N-terminal extension of the premature GAMP acts as an efficient secretion signal in 7", reesei and leads to a higher yield of extracellular glucoamylase activity than does the signal peptide of CBHI.
Isolation of a simian virus 40 T-antigen-positive, transformation-resistant cell line by indirect selection. (1985)

In an attempt to identify cellular genes that might be involved in simian virus 40 (SV40) transformation, we have set out to isolate cells which express T antigen but are not transformed. SV40 DNA and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene were cotransfected into tk- 3T3 fibroblasts. Of 72 colonies screened that were resistant to hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine, 57 were T antigen positive as judged by immunofluorescence. One of these lines, A27, had a normal growth phenotype in monolayer overgrowth and soft agar assays. It contained intact SV40 sequences that could be rescued by fusion to permissive cells. This rescued virus was fully capable of transforming nonpermissive cells to the same extent as did wild-type virus. The A27 cells, however, were not transformable by infection with SV40 or by transfection of SV40 DNA. It is likely that these cells were altered in a cellular function required for the establishment of the transformed state.
Compact electro-optic polarization scramblers for optically amplified lightwave systems (1996)

Fast polarization scramblers have become important components in optically amplified transoceanic communication systems to eliminate anisotropic gain saturation (polarization hole burning) in the erbium-doped fiber amplifiers by depolarizing the launched optical carrier. This paper reviews the operation and implementation of compact electro-optic polarization scramblers on x-cut and z-cut lithium niobate. These integrated-optic devices employ low-loss single-mode waveguides and allow polarization modulation at variable frequencies ranging from a few 100 Hz to more than 10 GHz. We describe simple linear phase retarders that depolarize light in a fixed, well-maintained polarization state as well as cascaded multi-stage scramblers that are capable of depolarizing arbitrarily polarized light. These scramblers can be operated over a broad optical bandwidth of more than 40 nm with less than 5% residual degree of polarization and are further wavelength-tunable over more than 100 nm.
Text-to-visual speech synthesis based on parameter generation from HMM (2002)

This paper presents a new technique for synthesizing visual speech from arbitrarily given text. The technique is based on an algorithm for parameter generation from HMM with dynamic features, which has been successfully applied to text-to-speech synthesis. In the training phase, syllable HMMs are trained with visual speech parameter sequences that represent lip movements. In the synthesis phase, a sentence HMM is constructed by concatenating syllable HMMs corresponding to the phonetic transcription for the input text. Then an optimum visual speech parameter sequence is generated from the sentence HMM in an ML sense. The proposed technique can generate synchronized lip movements with speech in a unified framework. Furthermore, coarticulation is implicitly incorporated into the generated mouth shapes. As a result, synthetic lip motion becomes smooth and realistic.
Mechanism of the Nitrosation of Thiols and Amines by Oxygenated <sup>•</sup>NO Solutions:  the Nature of the Nitrosating Intermediates (1996)

The nitrosation of various thiols and morpholine by oxygenated •NO solutions at physiological pH was investigated. The formation rates and the yields of the nitroso compounds were determined using the stopped-flow technique. The stoichiometry of this process has been determined, and is given by 4•NO + O2 + 2RSH/2RR‘NH → 2RSNO/2RR’NNO + 2NO2- + 2H+. Kinetic studies show that the rate law is −d[O2]/dt = k1[•NO]2[O2] with k1 = (2.54 ± 0.26) × 106 M-2 s-1 and −d[•NO]/dt = 4k1[•NO]2[O2] with 4k1 = (1.17 ± 0.12) × 107 M-2 s-1, independent of the kind of substrate present. The kinetic results are identical to those obtained for the autoxidation of •NO, indicating that the rate of the autoxidation of •NO is unaffected by the presence of thiols and amines. The nitrosation by •NO takes place only in the presence of oxygen, and therefore the rate of the formation of S-nitrosothiols from thiols and oxygenated •NO solution is relatively slow in biological systems. Under physiological conditions where [•NO] < 1 μM and [O2] < 200 μM, the half-life of the nitrosation process exceeds 7 min. Therefore, this is an unlikely biosynthetic pathway for the formation of S-nitrosothiols. As such, S-nitrosothiols cannot serve as carrier molecules of •NO in vivo. The rate-determining step of the nitrosation of thiols and amines by oxygenated •NO solution is the formation of ONOONO (or ONONO2 or O2NNO2), which is the precursor of •NO2 and N2O3. The stoichiometry of the nitrosation process suggests that •NO2 and/or N2O3 are the reactive species. We have demonstrated that •NO2 initiates the nitrosation process unless it is scavenged faster by •NO to form N2O3. The latter entity is also capable of directly nitrosating thiols and amines with rate constants exceeding 6 × 107 M-1 s-1.
An optimal partition algorithm for minimization of paging costs (2002)

A novel paging scheme under delay bounds is proposed for personal communication systems. This paging scheme is independent of the location probability distributions of the mobile users and satisfies the delay bounds, while minimizing the amount of bandwidth used for locating a mobile user. The proposed paging scheme includes the optimal partition algorithm and paging procedure with respect to paging costs and average delays. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is very effective in the minimization of the paging costs for location probability conditions such as uniform and non-uniform distributions.
Diagnostic of the self-healing of metallized polypropylene film by modeling of the broadening emission lines of aluminum emitted by plasma discharge (2005)

Metallized-film capacitors have the property, even under high continuous voltage, to self-heal i.e., to clear a defect in the dielectric. The self-healing process is a consequence of a transient arc discharge. It has been previously shown that during the discharge, due to Joule effect, the metal is vaporized until the arc extinguishes. The discharge duration has been found to be inversely proportional to the mechanical pressure applied on the layers of metallized films making up a capacitor. The aim of this study is to understand the physical processes involved in this spontaneous extinction of the arc discharge. Emission spectroscopy has been used to provide information about the physical properties (temperatures, electronic and neutral particles densities, etc.) of the plasma induces by a self-healing. An analysis, based on the broadenings and shifts of Al atomic lines, of the experimental light spectra obtained has shown that the self-healing process leads to the generation, from the vaporized metal, of a high-density and relatively weakly ionized aluminum plasma. The plasma density increases with the pressure applied on the film layers and, consequently, the density power needed to extend the plasma zone increases as well and the arc discharge goes out faster as experimentally observed.
Kinetics of Anode Reactions for a Yeast‐Catalysed Microbial Fuel Cell (2008)

Abstract Chronoamperometric investigations with rotating disc electrodes (RDEs) were used to characterise the anodic half‐cell of yeast powered microbial fuel cells using methylene blue (MB) as a mediator. Both convection and mediator adsorption were shown to affect the anodic current. A microbe–mediator limited reaction model was developed and shown to agree well with the experimental data. A power density of ∼150 μW cm –2 was achieved in a full cell, which represented a significant increase from prior reports on yeast‐catalysed fuel cells. The increased power density was enabled by using high mediator concentrations and by controlling the mediator adsorption.
Different expression systems for production of recombinant proteins in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2011)

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become an attractive cell factory for production of commodity and speciality chemicals and proteins, such as industrial enzymes and pharmaceutical proteins. Here we evaluate most important expression factors for recombinant protein secretion: we chose two different proteins (insulin precursor (IP) and α-amylase), two different expression vectors (POTud plasmid and CPOTud plasmid) and two kinds of leader sequences (the glycosylated alpha factor leader and a synthetic leader with no glycosylation sites). We used IP and α-amylase as representatives of a simple protein and a multi-domain protein, as well as a non-glycosylated protein and a glycosylated protein, respectively. The genes coding for the two recombinant proteins were fused independently with two different leader sequences and were expressed using two different plasmid systems, resulting in eight different strains that were evaluated by batch fermentations. The secretion level (µmol/L) of IP was found to be higher than that of α-amylase for all expression systems and we also found larger variation in IP production for the different vectors. We also found that there is a change in protein production kinetics during the diauxic shift, that is, the IP was produced at higher rate during the glucose uptake phase, whereas amylase was produced at a higher rate in the ethanol uptake phase. For comparison, we also refer to data from another study, (Tyo et al. submitted) in which we used the p426GPD plasmid (standard vector using URA3 as marker gene and pGPD1 as expression promoter). For the IP there is more than 10-fold higher protein production with the CPOTud vector compared with the standard URA3-based vector, and this vector system therefore represent a valuable resource for future studies and optimization of recombinant protein production in yeast.
Regulation of P21cip1 Expression by Growth Factors and the Extracellular Matrix Reveals a Role for Transient ERK Activity in G1 Phase (1999)

We have examined the regulation of p21(cip1) by soluble mitogens and cell anchorage as well as the relationship between the expression of p21(cip1) and activation of the ERK subfamily of MAP kinases. We find that p21(cip1) expression in G1 phase can be divided into two discrete phases: an initial induction that requires growth factors and the activation of ERK, and then a subsequent decline that is enhanced by cell anchorage in an ERK-independent manner. In contrast to the induction of cyclin D1, the induction of p21(cip1) is mediated by transient ERK activity. Comparative studies with wild-type and p21(cip1)-null fibroblasts indicate that adhesion-dependent regulation of p21(cip1) is important for proper control of cyclin E-cdk2 activity. These data lead to a model in which mitogens and anchorage act in a parallel fashion to regulate G1 phase expression of p21(cip1). They also show that (a) growth factors and growth factor/extracellular matrix cooperation can have different roles in regulating G1 phase ERK activity and (b) both transient and sustained ERK signals have functionally significant roles in controlling cell cycle progression through G1 phase.
Interleukin-15 and Its Receptor Augment Dendritic Cell Vaccination against the<i>neu</i>Oncogene through the Induction of Antibodies Partially Independent of CD4 Help (2010)

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulates the diffrentiation and proliferation of T, B, and natural killer cells; enhances CD8(+) cytolytic T-ceII activity; helps maintain CD44(hi)CD8(+) memory T cells; and stimulates immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells. IL-15 is trans-presented to effector cells by its receptor, IL-15Ralpha, expressed on dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. We examined the antitumor effect of adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha to augment a DC vaccine directed against the NEU (ErbB2) oncoprotein. Transgenic BALB-neuT mice vaccinated in late-stage tumor development with a DC vaccine expressing a truncated NEU antigen, IL-I5, and its receptor (DC(Ad.Neu+Ad_mIL-15+Ad.mlL-15Ralpha)) were protected from mammary carcinomas, with 70% of animals tumor-free at 30 weeks compared with none of the animals vaccinated with NEU alone (DC(Ad.Neu)). The combination of neu, IL-15, and IL-15Ralpha gene transfer leads to a significaintly greater anti-NEU antibody response compared with mice treated with DC(Ad.Neu) or DC(Ad.Neu) combined with either IL-15 (DC(Ad.Neu+Ad.mlL-15)) or lL-15Ralpha (DC(Ad.Neu+Ad.mlL-15Ralpha)). The antitumor effect was antibody mediated and involved modulation of NEU expression and signaIing. Depletion of CD4(+) cells did not abrogate the antitumor effect of the vaccine, nor did it inhibit the induction of anti-NEU aritibodies. Coexpression of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in an anticancer vaccine enhanced immune responses against the NEU antigen and may overcome impaired CD4(+) T-helper function.
Automatic cluster labeling through Artificial Neural Networks (2014)

The clustering problem has been considered as one of the most important problems among those existing in the research area of unsupervised learning (a Machine Learning subarea). Although the development and improvement of algorithms that deal with this problem has been focused by many researchers, the main goal remains undefined: the understanding of generated clusters. As important as identifying clusters is to understand its meaning. A good cluster definition means a relevant understanding and can help the specialist to study or interpret data. Facing the problem of comprehend clusters - in other words, create labels - this paper presents a methodology to automatic labeling clusters based on techniques involving supervised and unsupervised learning plus a discretization model. Considering the problem from its inception, the problem of understanding clusters is dealt similar to a real problem, being initialized from clustering data. For this, an unsupervised learning technique is applied and then a supervised learning algorithm will detect which are the relevant attributes in order to define a specific cluster. Additionally, some strategies are used to create a methodology that presents a label (based on attributes and their values) for each cluster provided. Finally, this methodology is applied in four distinct databases presenting good results with an average above 88.79% of elements correctly labeled.
Characterization of commercial Aroclors by automated mass spectrometric determination of polychlorinated biphenyls by level of chlorination (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharacterization of commercial Aroclors by automated mass spectrometric determination of polychlorinated biphenyls by level of chlorinationAnn L. Alford-Stevens, Thomas A. Bellar, James W. Eichelberger, and William L. BuddeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 9, 2014–2022Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00122a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00122a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chapter 3 An IAA-Sensitive Vacuolar Chloride Channel (1994)

Chloride channels have been found in intracellular organelles, such as endosomes, lysosomes, and Golgi, where they are present in parallel to an electrogenic proton translocating adenosine triphosphate (ATP)ase, and hence can control the pH gradient and membrane potential of these organelles. Based on single-channel behavior, chloride channels exhibit marked diversity in conductance, current-voltage relation, and regulation by modulators. The diversity of voltage-sensitive chloride channels suggests that there may be even more types of chloride channels to be discovered. Golgi, endosomes, and secretory granules contain chloride channels that are intimately involved in the control of the pH gradient generated by the H+-ATPase. Given the level of molecular diversity in Cl channels already identified, it is probable that there are several kinds of intracellular Cl channels. Using bovine kidney cortex, researchers isolated membranes were depleted of brush borders, but contained a variety of light intracellular organelles and some basolateral membranes. Vesicles that had CI but no significant K conductance will develop a membrane potential, positive inside. Using this assay, a large number of potential inhibitors were screened and it was found that the indanyl oxyacetic acids were reasonable inhibitors with an IAA-94 being the most potent in this system. This chapter discusses p64, as a vital component of the IAA-Sensitive Cl channel, in kidney and other cells, cloning of the p64 complementary DNA (cDNA), its location, and target area of action.
Purification and some properties of cytosine deaminase from baker's yeast. (1989)

Cytosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.1) was extracted from commercial compressed bakers' yeast and purified to an almost homogeneous state. The enzyme activity was more than 200 U/mg of protein, which was several times higher than reported before. The molecular weight was 41, 000 by gel permeation. The pi was at pH 4.7. 5-Fluorocytosine, 5-methylcytosine, and creatinine were other substrates for the enzyme. An experiment with inhibitors suggested that the enzyme was an SH-enzyme. The enzyme was unstable to heat, with a half-life of about 0.5 hr at 37°C. Characteristics of the enzyme, especially its substrate specificity, were compared with those reported earlier for other cytosine deaminases from bacteria and a mold.
Expression of plasma glutathione peroxidase in human liver in addition to kidney, heart, lung, and breast in humans and rodents (1992)

We analyzed the expression of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-P) messenger RNA (mRNA) in mouse, rat, and human tissues, using a human GSHPx-P cDNA clone as the probe. Unlike the classical cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1), GSHPx-P expression appears to be tissue-specific. In the mouse and rat, kidney expresses an mRNA at a high level detected with the human probe. A signal is also detected in mRNA isolated from mouse and rat heart, rat cardiac myocytes, mouse lung, epididymis, and the mammary gland of midpregnant mice. No signal is detected in mRNA isolated from mouse and rat liver, mouse brain, uterus, and testis. In human tissues, an mRNA hybridizing to GSHPx-P cDNA is present in liver, as well as kidney, heart, lung, breast, and placenta. We have shown that human kidney expresses a GSHPx-P mRNA, and not a GSHPx-P-like message, by isolating a cDNA clone from a human kidney library in lambda gt11. From the 412-nucleotide partial sequence of the kidney cDNA, which codes for the 40–170 amino acids of GSHPx-P including the TGA codon for selenocysteine, we found complete sequence identity of the kidney cDNA with GSHPx-P isolated from placenta. The expression of GSHPx-P mRNA in cell lines was also studied. There is some correlation of the expression of GSHPx-P in these cell lines with that in normal tissues. Cell lines that expressed GSHPx-P mRNA or protein included the human hepatocarcinoma HepG2, Hep3B cells, human kidney carcinoma A498 cells, and the human breast cancer SK-BR-3, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and AdrrMCF-7 cells. Cell lines that did not express GSHPx- P included human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells, human breast cancer MCF-7, ZR-75–1, and Hs578T cells, and mouse hepatoma Hepa-1 cells.