gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the polyketide synthase gene (pksL1) required for aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus parasiticus (1995)

Aflatoxins are potent toxic and carcinogenic compounds, produced by Aspergillus parasiticus and A. flavus as secondary metabolites. In this research, a polyketide synthase gene (pksL1), the key gene for aflatoxin biosynthesis initiation in A. parasiticus, has been functionally identified and molecularly characterized. PCR-derived DNA probes were used to find the pksL1 gene from subtracted, aflatoxin-related clones. Gene knockout experiments generated four pksL1 disruptants which lost both the ability to produce aflatoxins B1, B2, and G1 and the ability to accumulate norsolorinic acid and all other intermediates of the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. A pksL1 DNA probe detected a 6.6-kb poly(A)+ RNA transcript in Northern (RNA) hybridizations. This transcript, associated with aflatoxin production, exhibited a regulated expression that was influenced by growth phase, medium composition, and culture temperature. DNA sequencing of pksL1 revealed an open reading frame for a polypeptide (PKSL1) of 2,109 amino acids. Sequence analysis further recognized four functional domains in PKSL1, acyl carrier protein, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase, acyltransferase, and thioesterase, all of which are usually present in polyketide synthases and fatty acid synthases. On the basis of these results, we propose that pksL1 encodes the polyketide synthase which synthesizes the backbone polyketide and initiates aflatoxin biosynthesis. In addition, the transcript of pksL1 exhibited heterogeneity at the polyadenylation site similar to that of plant genes.
Short-term real-time traffic prediction methods: A survey (2015)

Short-term traffic prediction provides tools for improved road management by allowing the reduction of delays, incidents and other unexpected events. Different real-time approaches provide traffic managers with varying but valuable information. This paper reviews the literature regarding model-driven and data-driven approaches focusing on short-term realtime traffic prediction. We start by analyzing real-time traffic data collection, referring network state acquisition and description methods which are used as input to predictive algorithms. According to the input variables available, we describe common and useful traffic prediction outputs that should contribute to understand the panorama verified on a road network. We then discuss metrics commonly used to assess prediction accuracy, in order to understand a standardized way to compare the different approaches. We list, detail and compare existing model-driven and data-driven approaches that provide short-term real-time traffic predictions. This research leads to an understanding of the many advantages, disadvantages and trade-offs of the approaches studied and provides useful insights for future development. Despite the predominance of model-driven solutions for the last years, data-driven approaches also present good results suitable for Traffic Management usage.
<i>In vitro</i> characterization of micropatterned PLGA‐PHBV8 blend films as temporary scaffolds for photoreceptor cells (2007)

In developed countries the aging population faces increasing risks of blinding retinal diseases, for which there are few effective treatments available. Photoreceptor transplantation represents one approach, but generally results have been disappointing. We hypothesize that micropatterned biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)/poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PLGA-PHBV8) blend films could deliver photoreceptor cells in a more organized manner than bolus injections. Blending of PLGA and PHBV8 was used to optimize the degradation rate of the temporary template. At the end of 8 weeks, for both thin and thick films of PLGA-PHBV8 a 50% decrease of their initial weight with increasing water uptake was observed. When photoreceptor cells were seeded onto micropatterned PLGA-PHBV8 films with parallel grooves (21- and 42-microm-wide grooves and 20 microm ridge width and depth), the cells preferred laminin-deposited grooves to ridges and expressed rod- and cone-specific markers such as rhodopsin and arrestin. A loss in photoreceptor viability of 50% was observed after 7 days in culture. The effects of either retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-derived or Muller glial cell-derived conditioned media or bFGF on the survival of photoreceptor cells seeded on PLGA-PHBV8 films were investigated. Addition of either RPE- and Muller-conditioned media increased statistically (p < 0.01) the viability of photoreceptor cells after 7 days of incubation. Our results suggest that such biodegradable micropatterned PLGA-PHBV8 blend films have a potential to deliver photoreceptor cells to the subretinal space and ensure laminar organization and maintenance of differentiation, and that incorporation of intrinsic factors within the scaffold would enhance the survival rate of transplanted cells.
From bedside to the bench and back. Nitric oxide and the cutis. (1996)

When the discoverer of dynamite (trinitrotoluene [TNT]), Alfred Nobel, was prescribed nitroglycerin for angina in 1895, he was certainly taken aback. Almost a century later, organic nitrates and their gaseous metabolic end product, nitric oxide (NO), were implicated in a vast array of biologically diverse activities. About 10 years ago, a series of discoveries from different avenues of research converged on NO, thrusting it into the limelight as a neurotransmitter, vasodilator, toxin, and modulator of immune function and inflammation. Nitric oxide has thus managed to capture the interest of scientists from a number of fields and holds center stage attention. Interest in NO among dermatologists has been slow to appear, however, and the literature on NO with respect to the skin is sparse when compared with the steep escalation in the number of articles published generally on NO since 1987 (Figure 1).
Catalytic Actions of Aluminum Chloride on the Isoprene—Methyl Acrylate Diels-Alder Reaction (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic Actions of Aluminum Chloride on the Isoprene—Methyl Acrylate Diels-Alder ReactionTakashi Inukai and Takeshi KojimaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 4, 1121–1123Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01342a031https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01342a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1317Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Graded amplification of the Na, K‐ATPase across a subclonal series: Effects on membrane physiology (1987)

We have generated a series of clonally related cell lines which differ in the level of amplified expression of the Na,K-ATPase. These lines, originally derived from the ouabain resistant HeLa variant C+, expressed different numbers of binding sites for the Na,K-ATPase inhibitor ouabain, ranging from 2.9 X 10(6)/cell to 11.8 X 10(6)/cell. Amplification of the genes for both subunits of the enzyme was also seen but was not strictly correlated with level of expression. The influxes of histidine and tetraphenylphosphonium were measured across a series, including HeLa S3 and revertants, expressing from 0.74 X 10(6) to 10.5 X 10(6) ouabain-binding sites per cell. Tetraphenylphosphonium influx rate, presumed to be a function of membrane potential, varied linearly with ouabain binding site number, while histidine influx varied with the log of ouabain binding site number. Our results suggest that membrane potential increases in a simple fashion across our series of amplified lines. However, histidine influx was unaffected by treatments which cause membrane depolarization and a decrease in tetraphenylphosphonium influx rate. We propose that increasing histidine influx rates across our amplified series reflects exchange acceleration of L system transport due to increased intracellular pools of L system reactive amino acids. The Na,K-ATPase is ultimately responsible for most active transport across the plasma membrane. The consistent, graded physiological alterations seen across this series of closely related lines, chosen for graded enzyme expression, demonstrate the value of this novel genetic approach to the study of the energization of membrane transport.
Tissue specific expression of the rat Ah-receptor and ARNT mRNAs (1994)

The Ah-receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that mediates the biological effects of agonists such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Upon binding agonists, the AHR dimerizes with a structurally related protein known as ARNT and this heterodimer then binds cognate enhancer elements and activates the expression of target genes. In this report we describe the cloning of the rat AHR cDNA and a fragment of the rat ARNT cDNA for use as probes in ribonuclease protection analysis. Ribonuclease protection analysis indicated that the rat AHR mRNA is expressed at the highest levels in the lung > thymus > kidney > liver while lower levels were expressed in heart and spleen. The rat AHR and ARNT mRNAs were expressed in a largely coordinate manner across the eight tissues examined with the exception of the placenta where AHR levels were relatively low compared to ARNT. In these experiments, a rare splice variant of the AHR was cloned that encoded a protein with a deletion in the ligand binding domain. In vitro expression studies demonstrated that in contrast to the full length AHR, the splice variant did not bind ligand nor did it bind to a cognate enhancer element in the presence of ARNT.
Before, during, and after the crisis (1995)

The importance of promoting knowledge of international humanitarian law has been recognized since its beginnings. Dissemination was made an obligation for States by the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977.
Use of immunoassays in neurological diagnosis and research (2005)

The specificity of the antibody-antigen interaction makes immunoassays an ideal diagnostic and research tool for the investigation of neurological disease. A number of immunoassays are available for this purpose, and the choice of a particular methodology generally depends upon whether one is detecting antigen, antibody or antigen-antibody complexes, and the nature of the biologic sample that is being tested. Ease of testing, sensitivity, specificity and cost are other important considerations.
The Si-SiO<sub>2</sub>Interface - Electrical Properties as Determined by the Metal-Insulator-Silicon Conductance Technique (1967)

Measurements of the equivalent parallel conductance of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors are shown to give more detailed and accurate information about interface states than capacitance measurements. Experimental techniques and methods of analysis are described. From the results of the conductance technique, a realistic characterization of the Si–SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> interface is developed. Salient features are: A continuum of states is found across the band gap of the silicon. Capture cross sections for holes and electrons are independent of energy over large portions of the band gap. The surface potential is subject to statistical fluctuations arising from various sources. The dominant contribution in the samples measured arises from a random distribution of surface charge. The fluctuating surface potential causes a dispersion of interface state time constants in the depletion region. In the weak inversion region the dispersion is eliminated by interaction between interface states and the minority carrier band. A single time constant results. From the experimentally established facts, equivalent circuits accurately describing the measurements are constructed.
Fusion of Yeast Protoplasts Induced by Polyethylene Glycol (1978)

Protoplasts, prepared from auxotrophic strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosac-charomyces pombe and Hansenula wingei, were mixed to give intraspecific complementary combinations. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to induce agglutination and fusion. Some of the fused products grew on the surface of solid minimal medium forming large vacuolated bodies. Others reverted to hybrid cells when embedded in solid minimal regeneration medium. The cytological and preliminary genetical analyses suggest a syn-karyon formation and integration of genetic markers from parental strains. The frequency of intrageneric fusions assessed from the number of protoplasts growing on the surface of minimal agar was estimated to be 1 to 3 %, while the frequency of hybrid colony formation in regeneration medium was less than 1 %.
Designing Advanced Coatings for Wear Protection (1991)

Improved knowledge of the ways in which the structures, properties, and behaviour of coated materials are interrelated, as well as technical advances in the production of specific layers, constitutes a basis on which advanced coatings with improved properties and wear resistance can be realised. Many of the relations between constitution, microstructure, properties, and application behaviour, elaborated for bulk materials, can also be used to understand the behaviour of layer materials and to optimise coatings. After a survey and a classification of the most common protective layer materials, typical examples of advanced coating concepts with improved properties, including gradient layers, multicomponent mixed layers, metastable layer materials, multi/ayers, and multiphase layer materials, are discussed.
Renal Sonography is not a Reliable Screening Examination for Vesicoureteral Reflux (1993)

A retrospective analysis of 493 infants and children was performed to determine the reliability of renal sonography for identifying vesicoureteral reflux. Sonography was done in all cases within 8 hours of a voiding cystourethrogram. Vesicoureteral reflux was documented in 272 of 986 kidneys on voiding cystourethrography and there were 201 refluxing kidneys with normal ultrasound (25 with grade I reflux, 119 with grade II, 50 with grade III, 6 with grade IV and 1 with grade V). In 71 of the refluxing kidneys the ultrasound was abnormal due to pelvicaliceal dilatation in 45, a duplication anomaly in 6 and renal fossae abnormality in 20. Of the kidneys with vesicoureteral reflux 74% were sonographically normal. Sonography was not sufficiently sensitive or specific for detecting vesicoureteral reflux, since 28% of the missed refluxing kidneys had grade III or higher reflux.
Vagal stimulation markedly suppresses arrhythmias in conscious rats with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction (2005)

Our previous study showed that chronic vagal stimulation (VS) prevented the cardiac remodeling and improved the prognosis of chronic heart failure (CHF) rats after large myocardial infraction (MI). Antiarrhythmic effects of VS were assumed to produce such a beneficial outcome. There-rhythmias. fore, we examined the effects of VS on cardiac ar- The ECG transmitter and a radio-controlled stimulator were implanted in the healed MI rat (n=8). The electrical stimulation of the right cervical vagus started at 3-5 months after MI and lasted for 7 days. ECG data were analyzed for counting the premature ventricular or supraventricular contraction (PVC, PSVC) and for the spectral analysis of heart rate variability. All the rats had a variety of ventricular arrhythmias and the number of PVC or PSVC progressively increased to 5-15% of the total beats. VS effectively suppressed the occurrence of PVCs in 1-2 days. The 24-hour counts of average PVC plus PSVS counts were significantly decreased after VS (793±291 vs. 291±289 counts/hr, p<0.05). The power of high-frequency (0.5-2.0 Hz) oscillations of R-R interval was significantly increased by the VS (1.26±0.47 vs. 3.73±0.74, p<0.01, before and 1 day after stop VS). These results showed that VS markedly suppresses arrhythmias in conscious CHF rats. The antiarrhythmogenic properties may partially account for the beneficial effect of VS on survival of CHF rats.
A Tunable Optical Channelizing Filter Using Silicon Coupled Ring Resonators (2010)

We demonstrate a wavelength-tunable optical channelizing filter with a high extinction ratio (50 dB), a narrow bandwidth (2.4 GHz), and a large free spectral range (50 GHz) using high-order coupled silicon rings.
YVES BONNEFOY: ASPECTS OF POETIC STRUCTURE (1979)

YVES BONNEFOY: ASPECTS OF POETIC STRUCTURE Get access R. A. YORK R. A. YORK New University of Ulster Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Forum for Modern Language Studies, Volume XV, Issue 4, October 1979, Pages 380–391, https://doi.org/10.1093/fmls/XV.4.380 Published: 01 October 1979
A high-speed capacitance extraction algorithm for multi-level VLSI interconnects (2002)

The authors present preliminary results of a novel stochastic algorithm for high-speed capacitance extraction in multi-level VLSI interconnects. The algorithm is related to a statistical procedure for solving Laplace's equation known as a floating random-walk method. Benchmark calculations for three-dimensional cross-wire geometries were performed on a MAC IIfx personal computer, operating at 0.3 MFLOPS. Execution times were typically 40 s for an accuracy of less that 5%. Overall computational efficiency stems from various factors: suitability to rectilinear geometries, statistical-error cancellation, selective integration over Gaussian surfaces, and direct capacitance-matrix evaluation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Correlated spontaneous emission in a Zeeman laser (1990)

We have observed phase-diffusion noise 40% below the Schawlow-Townes limit in the relative phase of a two-mode HeNe Zeeman laser due to the correlated-emission-laser effect.Received 8 June 1990DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.3116©1990 American Physical Society
A Propagator Design Framework for Constraints over Sequences (2014)

Constraints over variable sequences are ubiquitous and many of their propagators have been inspired by dynamic programming (DP). We propose a conceptual framework for designing such propagators: pruning rules, in a functional notation, are refined upon the application of transformation operators to a DP-style formulation of a constraint; a representation of the (tuple) variable domains is picked; and a control of the pruning rules is picked.
PZT films for micro-pumps (1995)

Abstract A micro-pump for medical applications is being developed using organometallic derived PZT thin films and silicon micromachining technology. Critical issues include the deposition of ‘thick’ PZT films (1 to 2 μm thickness), film processing compatibility with available Si/SixNy/Ta/Pt structures and the establishing of piezoelectric poling parameters. A processing technique for the preparation of thick PZT films is presented. Piezoelectric properties are characterized by both direct method using alternating compressional force and by converse method using laser interferometry. In poled films of approximately 1. 0 μm thickness, d33 values of about 130 pC/N were measured by both direct and converse methods. Maximum d33 constants of ≈ 200 pC/N were measured with 8 V bias voltage. Mechanical resonance was excited in a 1 cm by 1 cm silicon substrate by a 0.8 μm thick PZT film poled at 15 V.
Dual Quartz Crystal Microbalance Oscillator Circuit. Minimizing Effects due to Liquid Viscosity, Density, and Temperature (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDual Quartz Crystal Microbalance Oscillator Circuit. Minimizing Effects due to Liquid Viscosity, Density, and TemperatureStanley. Bruckenstein, Matthew. Michalski, Alex. Fensore, Zhufen. Li, and A. Robert. HillmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 11, 1847–1852Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00083a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00083a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views868Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Techniques for calibration of the scale factor and image center for high accuracy 3D machine vision metrology (2005)

This paper describes techniques for calibrating certain intrinsic camera parameters for machine vision. The parameters to be calibrated are the horizontal scale factor, i.e. the factor that relates the sensor element spacing of a discrete array camera to the picture element spacing after sampling by the image acquisition circuitry, and the image center, i.e. the intersection of the optical axis with the camera sensor. The scale factor calibration uses a 1D-FFT and is accurate and efficient. It also permits the use of only one coplanar set of calibration points for general camera calibration. Three groups of techniques for center calibration are presented: Group I requires using a laser and a four-degree of freedom adjustment of its orientation, but is simplest in concept, and is accurate and reproducible. Group II is simple to perform, but is less accurate than the other two. The most general Group III is accurate and efficient, but requires accurate image feature extraction of calibration points with known 3D coordinates. A feasible setup is described. Results of real experiments are presented and compared with theoretical predictions. Accuracy and reproducibility of the calibrated parameters are reported, as well as the improvement in actual 3D measurement due to center calibration.