gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of an Acetoacetyl Coenzyme A Synthetase-Dependent Pathway for Utilization of <scp>l</scp> -(+)-3-Hydroxybutyrate in <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> (2002)

D-(-)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (DHB), the immediate depolymerization product of the intracellular carbon store poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), is oxidized by the enzyme 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase to acetoacetate (AA) in the PHB degradation pathway. Externally supplied DHB can serve as a sole source of carbon and energy to support the growth of Sinorhizobium meliloti. In contrast, wild-type S. meliloti is not able to utilize the L-(+) isomer of 3-hydroxybutyrate (LHB) as a sole source of carbon and energy. In this study, we show that overexpression of the S. meliloti acsA2 gene, encoding acetoacetyl coenzyme A (acetoacetyl-CoA) synthetase, confers LHB utilization ability, and this is accompanied by novel LHB-CoA synthetase activity. Kinetics studies with the purified AcsA2 protein confirmed its ability to utilize both AA and LHB as substrates and showed that the affinity of the enzyme for LHB was clearly lower than that for AA. These results thus provide direct evidence for the LHB-CoA synthetase activity of the AcsA2 protein and demonstrate that the LHB utilization pathway in S. meliloti is AcsA2 dependent.
Understanding suspension D.C. plasma spraying of nanostructured coatings (2004)

Summary form only given. Injecting nanosized particles in a D.C. plasma jet would require, to give them a high enough, momentum, a huge carrier gas flowrate, which would drastically perturb the plasma jet. To overcome this problem a suspension of these particles is mechanically injected with in the plasma jet. The high momentum of the latter tears the liquid jet in tiny droplets (1-3 /spl mu/m) which evaporate in a few microseconds. This scenario has been checked by emission spectroscopy of the plasma jet and simple calculations. The agglomerates of nanoparticles contained in the evaporated droplets are then melted and accelerated before flattening onto the substrate. They result in splats which diameter is between 100 and 2000 nm and which thickness varies between 60 and 300 nm. The way particles flatten and splats form is tested by collecting the latters at different distances downstream of the nozzle exit. The calculations of momentum and heat transfers to agglomerates confirm the experimental results related to the sand-off distance and the required plasma jet enthalpy and velocity. The process has been tested on stabilized zirconia and perovskite coatings sprayed on smooth substrates (Ra <0.05 /spl mu/m) preheated at different temperatures. Coatings can be very dense with less than 1% porosity or highly porous (>20%). To achieve LaMnO3 coatings which are not partially decomposed the particles have been doped with MnO2. With deposition rates of about 15 /spl mu/m/h.m2 and very intricated interface between zirconia and perovskite, the process seems very promising for SOFC's manufacturing.
La cuestión de los valores en los primeros escritos de Augusto Salazar Bondy (2002)

Consideramos los escritos axiológicos del filósofo peruano Augusto Salazar Bondy producidos entre 1958 y 1964, en los que predomina una concepción fenomenológica del valor, a diferencia del enfoque analítico que predomina en escritos posteriores. Señalamos la relevancia de esos escritos, correspondientes a la primera etapa de su producción, para una más adecuada comprensión de la concepción definitiva del valor, que se manifiesta en sus últimos escritos.
Effect of a High-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>κ</mml:mi></mml:math>Environment on Charge Carrier Mobility in Graphene (2009)

It is widely assumed that the dominant source of scattering in graphene is charged impurities in a substrate. We have tested this conjecture by studying graphene placed on various substrates and in high-kappa media. Unexpectedly, we have found no significant changes in carrier mobility either for different substrates or by using glycerol, ethanol, and water as a top dielectric layer. This suggests that Coulomb impurities are not the scattering mechanism that limits the mean free path attainable for graphene on a substrate.
Emotional Image Processing Using Sensors in Mobile Device (2013)

The embedded sensors are often used to stand out the features of mobile devices. Especially several sensors have roles of interface between user and device. In this paper, we propose an emotional user interface model using sensors in image processing. We developed an app which generates image filtering effect for a photo image. In the app, user can make lighting effect intuitively which consists of spotlight rendering using acceleration sensor and brightness adjustment of image using light sensor. We experiment sensor based emotional user interaction and compare various results of image processing effects using two combinatorial sensors.
Interaction of <i>Escherichia coli</i> B and B/4 and Bacteriophage T4D with Berea Sandstone Rock in Relation to Enhanced Oil Recovery (1984)

Much research and development is needed to recover oil reserves presently unattainable, and microbially enhanced oil recovery is a technology that may be used for this purpose. To address the problem of bacterial contamination in an oil field injection well region, we connected each end of a Teflon-sleeved Berea sandstone rock to a flask containing nutrient medium. By inoculating one flask with Escherichia coli B, we could observe bacterial growth in the uninoculated flask resulting from the transport and establishment of cells across the rock. Differences in bacterial populations occurred depending on whether bacteriophage T4D was first adsorbed to the rock. The results of these experiments indicate that the inhibition of bacterial establishment within a rock matrix is possible via lytic interaction. Some nonlytic effects are also implied by experiments with B/4 cells, which are T4D-resistant mutants of E. coli B. A 10 to 40% retention of T4 by the rock occurred when it was loaded with 10 to 10 PFU. We also describe a lysogenic system for possible use in microbially enhanced oil recovery techniques.
Synthesis of Functionalized High‐Oleic Soybean Oil Wax Coatings and Emulsions for Postharvest Treatment of Fresh Citrus Fruit (2020)

Abstract High‐oleic soybean oil is chemically functionalized in order to mimic the structure and physical properties of hydrogenated castor oil (HCO). The resulting wax‐like material is evaluated for use as an alternative to other commercial wax coatings for the postharvest treatment of fresh citrus fruit. The racemic nature of the material inhibits ordered crystalline arrangement and negatively affects its relative crystallinity (17.7%), hardness (0.59 ± 0.04 mm −1 ), and melting profile (44–46 °C), with respect to HCO oil (37.7%, 5.33 ± 0.01 mm −1 , 83–87 °C). Nevertheless, compounding the new material with carnauba wax (CAR) imparts a very attractive gloss and prevents moisture loss significantly better than polyethylene, shellac, and CAR‐based coatings. Compounding the hydroxy‐functionalized high‐oleic soybean wax may potentially reduce dependence on imported CAR and other ingredients used in citrus coating emulsion formulations. Practical Applications : The soybean oil‐derived material described in this contribution provides two key performance characteristics desired by citrus growers and packing houses: an efficient barrier to moisture loss and an attractive shine. The synthesis of the hydroxy‐wax is facile and mild, and the materials can be readily formulated into emulsions as required for fruit coating applications. Use of the formulated coating can be extended to other agricultural commodities such as avocados, melons, and stone fruit.
Signatures of Tumor–Immune Interactions as Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Prognosis (2012)

Breast cancer mortality is usually due to distant recurrence of cancer at an advanced stage of the disease rather than from primary cancer. Therefore, prediction of breast cancer recurrence at the time of diagnosis could lead to advances in personalized treatment of cancer patients in order to prevent risk of recurrence. Two prognostic biomarkers that are currently being used in clinical practice are a 70-gene MammaPrint signature and a 21-gene Oncotype DX panel. These assays generate relative risks of recurrence, but they do not provide a 'yes' or 'no' answer about recurrence in a given patient. These tests include genes that are involved in the cell cycle, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis related to breast cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that a signature of genes involved in tumor-immune interactions may provide a more accurate prognostic tool. This paper reviews recent advances in the discovery of prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients.
Development of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (1987)

(1987). Development of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy: Vol. 13, No. 4-5, pp. 589-651.
Cardiac troponins as biomarkers of drug- and toxin-induced cardiac toxicity and cardioprotection (2005)

Cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT, cTnI) are sensitive biochemical markers of myocardial cell necrosis and have been adopted as the gold standard tests for acute myocardial infarction. Subtle elevations in cTn above the detection limits of the currently available commercial assays confers poor prognosis. These markers are superior to classical enzyme markers of necrosis due to their cardiospecificity. The diagnosis of drug-induced cardiac toxicity using the classical enzymes is problematic due to the high elevations of these markers in skeletal muscle necrosis. cTnT and cTnI are now being adopted as sensitive biomarkers of drug-induced cardiac toxicity.
INDUCTION BY ARGININE OF ENZYMES OF ARGININE BIOSYNTHESIS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI B (1961)

Dimensionality reduction simplifies high-dimensional data into a small number of representative patterns. One dimensionality reduction method, principal component analysis (PCA), often selects oscillatory or U-shaped patterns, even when such ...Principal component analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction method that is known for being simple and easy to interpret. Principal components are often interpreted as low-dimensional patterns in high-dimensional space. However, this simple ...
Effect of condensed tannins on egg hatching and larval development of <i>Trichostrongylus colubriformis</i> in vitro (2002)

The effects of condensed tannins extracted from seven forages on the viability of the eggs and first stage (L1) larvae of the sheep nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis were evaluated in in vitro assays. The extracts of condensed tannins were obtained from Lotus pedunculatus (LP), Lotus corniculatus (LC), sulla (Hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (Onobrychus viciifolia), Dorycnium pentaphylum (DP), Dorycnium rectum (DR) and dock (Rumex obtusifolius). Extracts containing 200 to 500 microg/ml reduced the proportion of eggs that hatched. The larval development assay was used to evaluate the effect of the extracts on the development of either eggs or L1 larvae to L3 infective larvae. Development was allowed to proceed for seven days by which time the larvae in control incubations had reached the infective L3 stage. Extracts containing 200 microg/ml from LP, DP, DR or dock prevented egg development, and only 11, 8 and 2 per cent of the eggs developed to L3 larvae with extracts from LC, sulla and sainfoin, respectively. When the concentration was 400 microg/ml no eggs developed to L3 larvae. The addition of the extracts after hatching also inhibited the development of L1 to L3 larvae; 200 microg/ml extracted from LP, LC, sulla, sainfoin, DP, DR and dock resulted in only 14, 18, 17, 15, 14, 16 and 4 per cent of L1 larvae developing to the L3 stage compared with 85 per cent for controls, and 400 microg/ml further reduced the development of L1 larvae. Statistical analyses showed that when the extracts were added before hatching they were significantly (P<0.001) more effective at inhibiting the larval development than when they were added after hatching. The condensed tannins from dock had the greatest inhibitory effect on egg development followed by the tannins from DR, sainfoin, DP, LP, sulla and LC.
Ionic Conductivity in Complexes of Poly(ethylene oxide) and MgCl2 (1986)

Complexes of poly(ethylene oxide) and having the general formula, with have been prepared. These materials are ionic conductors and electronic insulators. The conductivity of is highest, and is comparable to that of above 80°C. DSC analysis and a study of the temperature dependence of their conductivity indicate that these compositions consist of two crystalline phases, corresponding to pure PEO and the salt‐rich complex, and coexisting elastomeric phases. Initial transport number measurements indicate that these materials principally conduct anions.
Bayesian Estimation of Latently-grouped Parameters in Undirected Graphical Models. (2013)

In large-scale applications of undirected graphical models, such as social networks and biological networks, similar patterns occur frequently and give rise to similar parameters. In this situation, it is beneficial to group the parameters for more efficient learning. We show that even when the grouping is unknown, we can infer these parameter groups during learning via a Bayesian approach. We impose a Dirichlet process prior on the parameters. Posterior inference usually involves calculating intractable terms, and we propose two approximation algorithms, namely a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm with auxiliary variables and a Gibbs sampling algorithm with "stripped" Beta approximation (Gibbs_SBA). Simulations show that both algorithms outperform conventional maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Gibbs_SBA's performance is close to Gibbs sampling with exact likelihood calculation. Models learned with Gibbs_SBA also generalize better than the models learned by MLE on real-world Senate voting data.
Allergic contact dermatitis from eosin (1991)

Before 1960, eosin sensitivity was not rare and lipstick cheilitis was very common. We report 4 patients seen in 1988 and 1989 who were sensitized to eosin from topical bacteriostatic preparations. All 4 patients had positive patch tests to eosin. The allergen is probably an impurity rather than eosin itself.
The Neuropeptide Secretoneurin Acts as a Direct Angiogenic Cytokine In Vitro and In Vivo (2004)

These data show that secretoneurin represents a novel direct angiogenic cytokine and reiterate the coordinated relationship between nervous and vascular systems.
Two novel control methods expanding input-output operating range for a bi-directional isolated DC-DC converter with active clamp circuit (2012)

A bi-directional isolated DC-DC converter is described that uses an active clamp circuit and two novel control methods. The proposed circuit can turn on all switching devices under zero-voltage switching conditions in both buck and boost modes. A “commutation overlap period reduction” method is used to expand the maximum actual duty cycle so that the output power is maintained even if the input voltage decreases in buck mode. An “active commutation and acceleration” method is used to increase the output power by temporarily reversing the power flow from the output side so that the voltage applied to the low-voltage side MOSFETs is kept down in boost mode. Testing under minimum input voltage conditions demonstrated that the proposed methods increased the output power 1.5 times in buck mode and 3.6 times in boost mode. A 2 kW class prototype showed good efficiency (over 90 %) over a wide operating range especially for a high step-up/step-down voltage ratio (more than 20) at high frequency (~100 kHz).
Estrogen receptor expression activates the transcriptional and growth-inhibitory response to retinoids without enhanced retinoic acid receptor alpha expression. (1998)

Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer cells are hormonally regulated and are inhibited by retinoids, whereas most ER-negative breast cancer cells are not. Here, we compared retinoid-induced transcriptional activation and growth inhibition in the ER-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, stably transfected to express wild-type ER (S30), with that of the ER-positive MCF-7 line and the ER-negative parental line. Retinoids inhibited growth of the ER-expressing S30 clone but not of the parental MDA-MB-231 cells. Unlike a previously reported MDA-MD-231 subclone that was transfected to express a mutated ER (G400V), S30 did not express increased levels of retinoid receptor RNA or protein, nor was there increased binding activity to retinoid-responsive DNA elements. However, stable expression of ER increased retinoid activation of transcription of a retinoic acid (RA) response elements from the low level in MDA-MB-231 to approach the level of MCF-7. The restored growth inhibition and transcriptional regulation by RA were unaffected by treatment with ER agonists or antagonists. Transient expression of ER but not of other nuclear receptors in MDA-MB-231 cells also activated retinoid-induced transcription, showing that this response is specific to ER. Furthermore, the effect of exogenously expressed ER on retinoid response was much greater than that obtained by overexpression of RA receptor alpha and/or retinoid X receptor alpha. Finally, a panel of ER mutants showed that enhancement of retinoid-induced transcriptional activity was dependent on the integrity of the DNA binding domain.
A model of network related QoE for 3D video (2012)

Three Dimensional video quality comprises a variety of perceptual attributes, including overall image quality, naturalness, presence, perceived depth, comfort, immersiveness, etc. This paper proposes a novel objective QoE model for 3D video streaming that takes into account network parameters (i.e. packet losses)and is based on the relationship between objective and subjective video quality measures. The investigation is concerned with stereoscopic video (left-and-right views). The analysis of the results indicate that the proposed QoE model has a strong correlation with MOS scores, hence can be effectively used in predicting the overall image quality of 3D videos transmitted over lossy networks.
Electrical Behavior of Ceria‐Stabilized Zirconia with Rare‐Earth Oxide Additives (1990)

The electrical properties of rare‐earth oxide doped CeO 2 ‐ZrO 2 ceramics are evaluated by impedance spectroscopy. Doping of the trivalent metal oxide decreases both the grain and grain‐boundary resistivities of the CeO 2 ‐ZrO 2 system. The grain and grain‐boundary resistivities as well as the activation energy for conduction increase with the dopant cation radius. The grain conductivity is fairly constant for 2 mol% YO 1.5 ‐10 mol% CeO 2 ‐88 mol% ZrO 2 samples sintered under different conditions, while lower grain‐boundary resistivity is obtained for samples sintered at higher temperature for longer times. Possible mechanisms for the electrical behavior of the rare‐earth oxide doped CeO 2 ‐ZrO 2 ceramics are proposed and discussed.
Formation of a β<sub>1</sub> integrin signaling complex in Schwann cells is independent of rho (2002)

Schwann cell adhesion to basal lamina is essential for peripheral nerve development. beta(1) integrin receptors for extracellular matrix cooperate with other receptors to transmit signals that coordinate cell cycle progression and initiation of differentiation, including myelin-specific gene expression. In Schwann cell/sensory neuron cocultures, beta(1) integrins complex with focal adhesion kinase (FAK), fyn kinase, paxillin, and schwannomin in response to basal lamina adhesion. To study the assembly of this signaling complex in Schwann cells (SCs), we induced beta(1) integrin clustering on suspended cells using an immobilized antibody and recovered a complex containing beta(1) integrin, FAK, paxillin, and schwannomin. In adherent subconfluent cells, the proteins colocalized to filopodia, ruffling membranes and focal contacts. We assessed the role of rhoGTPase in the process of integrin complex assembly by introducing C3 transferase (C3T), a rho inhibitor, into the cells. Although C3T caused dose-dependent morphological abnormalities, FAK, paxillin, and schwannomin were able to coimmunoprecipitate with beta(1) integrin. Additionally, colocalization of FAK, paxillin, and schwannomin with beta(1) integrin in filopodia and small focal contacts remained unchanged. We conclude that SCs do not require active rho to recruit signaling and structural proteins to beta(1) integrins clustered at the plasma membrane. Rho is required to establish large focal adhesions and to spread and stabilize plasma membrane extensions.
Tumor necrosis factor inhibits MYC expression in HL-60 cells at the level of mRNA transcription. (1987)

Highly purified, recombinant human tumor necrosis factor type alpha (rTNF-alpha) exerts cytostatic activity on the human promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60. Between 4 and 10 hr after treatment with rTNF-alpha, HL-60 cells start to exhibit phagocytic activity, indicating the induction of a differentiation process, and show a marked decline in steady-state levels of MYC mRNA. In vitro transcription assays reveal that rTNF-alpha inhibits MYC gene expression at the level of transcription. rTNF-alpha has little or no effect on the half-life of MYC mRNA, indicating that the decreased MYC mRNA level is primarily due to reduced transcription, and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide does not prevent rTNF-alpha-mediated inhibition of MYC gene expression, suggesting that rTNF-alpha action is independent of de novo protein synthesis. In contrast to MYC, HLA-A, -B, -C mRNA levels are slightly increased in rTNF-alpha-treated HL-60 cells. Recombinant interferon-gamma, which also enhances HLA gene transcription in HL-60 cells, fails to reduce MYC mRNA levels and lacks cytostatic activity. Attenuation of HL-60 cell proliferation occurs as a late response to treatment with rTNF-alpha and thus may be secondary to both MYC inhibition and induction of cell differentiation.
Bactericidal Effect of Lauric Acid-Loaded PCL-PEG-PCL Nano-Sized Micelles on Skin Commensal Propionibacterium acnes (2016)

Acne is the over growth of the commensal bacteria <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i> (<i>P. acnes</i>) on human skin. Lauric acid (LA) has been investigated as an effective candidate to suppress the activity of <i>P. acnes</i>. Although LA is nearly insoluble in water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been reported to effectively solubilize LA. However, the toxicity of DMSO can limit the use of LA on the skin. In this study, LA-loaded poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) micelles (PCL-PEG-PCL) were developed to improve the bactericidal effect of free LA on <i>P. acnes</i>. The block copolymers mPEG-PCL and PCL-PEG-PCL with different molecular weights were synthesized and characterized using ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). In the presence of LA, mPEG-PCL diblock copolymers did not self-assemble into nano-sized micelles. On the contrary, the average particle sizes of the PCL-PEG-PCL micelles ranged from 50⁻198 nm for blank micelles and 27⁻89 nm for LA-loaded micelles. The drug loading content increased as the molecular weight of PCL-PEG-PCL polymer increased. Additionally, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of free LA were 20 and 80 μg/mL, respectively. The MICs and MBCs of the micelles decreased to 10 and 40 μg/mL, respectively. This study demonstrated that the LA-loaded micelles are a potential treatment for acne.