gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A global optimization strategy for 3D-2D registration of vascular images (2006)

Although the presence of local minima is one of the major problems in high-dimensional image registration, only a few experimental works have been carried out to address this problem. In this study, a 3D-2D vascular image feature-based registration is done by producing Digital Reconstructed Radiographs (DRRs) of 3D images to match against the target 2D images. In addition, we propose a global optimization method based on the use of Powell's method at different resolution levels. To search the global minimum as effectively as possible, a large set of sample test points are systematically generated. The values of dissimilarity to the registered images in lower resolution environment are calculated. Powell's method is then applied to those test points with the lowest values for further minimization in the higher resolution. It is experimentally shown that our method can identify the global optimum in a normal clinical setting. The findings can have potential usage in the reconstruction of 3D models (e.g. guide wires) based on 2D medical visual information.
The use of sequence-specific antibodies to identify a secondary binding site in thrombin. (1988)

The peptide comprising residues 62-73 of the B-chain of human alpha-thrombin was synthesized and polyclonal antibodies raised against it. These antibodies were found to bind to the synthetic peptide, a CNBr fragment, and a proteolytic subfragment containing this sequence, as well as the entire thrombin molecule. The purified antibodies had no effect on the hydrolysis by thrombin of D-Phe-pipecolyl-Arg-p-nitroanilide and caused only a minimal decrease (20%) in the second-order rate constant for inactivation by antithrombin III. On the other hand, the antibodies competitively inhibited the binding of hirudin over the concentration range tested (0-43 nM), and a dissociation constant of 3.4 +/- 0.5 nM was found for the antibodies. The release of fibrinopeptide A from the A alpha-chain of fibrinogen by thrombin was competitively inhibited with an inhibition constant of 11.7 +/- 0.4 nM. The activation of protein C by thrombin in the presence of thrombomodulin was also inhibited by the antibodies, and an apparent inhibition constant of 10.7 +/- 1.5 nM was found. In contrast, the antibodies had no effect on the activation of protein C in the absence of thrombomodulin. These results are discussed in relation to data obtained recently on the interaction of well defined proteolytic derivatives of human alpha-thrombin with the ligands described above.
Laser-Stimulated Thermoluminescence in Glass (1971)

Thermoluminescence has been investigated as a tool for the detection of damage precursors in laser glass samples exposed to 1.06-μ laser radiation. Exposure which did not produce visible damage gave very small thermoluminescence yields. Damaged glasses produced stronger thermoluminescence, but in even those the effect is not large enough to provide a convenient materials test. A quenching action due to neodymium was noted. The emitting centers are believed to be impurities in the glass.
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitors: an updated patent review (2016-2018) (2019)

The last three years have seen an increased number of IRAK4 inhibitors with which to assess the therapeutic potential of the target. At least 5 companies are believed to have advanced to the clinic. Pfizer is in phase II for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The outcomes of these studies should inform on the therapeutic potential in autoimmune disease and cancer.
VALIDATION OF DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OF RAIL VEHICLES WITH FRICTION DAMPED Y25 BOGIES (1997)

Abstract Theoretical modelling of a container wagon fitted with Y25 bogies was compared to actual track test data, using the VAMPIRETM Rail Vehicle dynamics modelling software. The Y25 bogie makes use of load sensitive friction damping, and has highly non-linear behaviour. Elements of the vehicle design which were important in predicting vertical and lateral ride were identified and are described in the paper. Wheel profile, accurate modelling of primary and secondary suspensions, and coefficients of friction of the wheel/rail interface and suspension friction faces, were found to be particularly important to ride prediction. The behaviour of the vehicle was very input dependent. It was possible to produce a good correspondence between track test and model results for both vertical and lateral behaviour.
Recent Advancements in Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Generation Methods Using Carbohydrate-Coated Liposomes (2010)

Both tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells have been identified, and the latter is known as a major effector of adaptive antitumor immune responses. Optimal antitumor immune responses are considered to require the concomitant activation of both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells and the additional selective activation of CD4(+) T cells with helper, but not regulatory function. As optimal antitumor immune responses are generated by the concomitant activation of both T cell types, it is necessary for vaccine methods involving cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) generation to possess a mechanism whereby antigen presenting cells can present administrated exogenous antigens on not only Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, but also MHC class I molecules.
A promising field of chemical education (1924)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA promising field of chemical educationHarrison Hale Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1924, 1, 11, 203Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1924Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1924Published inissue 1 November 1924https://doi.org/10.1021/ed001p203RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Simulation studies of mixed traffic on satellite channels using TDMA-reservation protocol (2003)

The authors consider a TDMA (time-division multiple-access)-reservation protocol, which is a fully collision-free protocol with submissions of requests for data transmissions in preassigned subchannels, according to synchronous time-division multiplexing. They present the results of simulation studies of this protocol, focusing on its performance in a mixed traffic environment, constituted of classes of users generating different types of messages (from short, typically one-packet-long messages to long multipacket messages). Steady-state throughput-mean-message-delay characteristics for particular classes of users are obtained by applying a specially developed sequential procedure for statistical analysis of simulation output data and using observations collected during a single simulation run rather than a number of independent replications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
M-sequence based M-ary/SS scheme for high bit ratetransmission in DS/CDMA systems (2000)

A high bit rate and high power efficiency transmission scheme is proposed which uses an M-sequence based M-ary/SS scheme for DS/CDMA systems combined with a block branch metric calculation for the Viterbi decoder and a signal to noise plus interference power ratio (SNIR) measurement scheme for transmitter power control (TPC). Computer simulation confirms that the proposed scheme leads to a much higher BER performance while maintaining a lower peak to average transmitter power ratio.
A computer-assisted range image registration system for nuclear waste cleanup (1999)

Building a three-dimensional (3-D) computer-based representation of a large or complex scene from a set of range images requires assembling the range images so that they are spatially registered. This paper will present a technique for finding a homogeneous transformation between a pair of range images while making use of both range and intensity information obtained using a laser range scanner. A demonstrated application featuring this technique consists of building a 3-D representation of a nuclear dumpsite, which then serves to help control a teleoperated nuclear waste remediation system.
The isolation of a peptide from the catalytic domain of <i>Bacillus stearothermophilus</i> tryptophyl-tRNA synthetase. The interaction of Brown MX-5BR with tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (1987)

Tryptophyl-tRNA synthetase is irreversibly inactivated by Procion Brown MX-5BR with an apparent dissociation constant (KD) of 8.8 microM and maximum rate of inactivation k3 0.192 s-1. The specificity of the interaction is supported by two previously reported observations. Firstly, Brown MX-5BR inactivation of tryptophyl-tRNA synthetase is inhibited by substrates, and secondly, the animated derivative of Brown MX-5BR is a competitive inhibitor of tryptophyl-tRNA synthetase with a Ki of 2 X 10(-4) M with respect to both tryptophan and ATP. Tryptic digestion of the dye-affinity-labelled enzyme and subsequent resolution of the peptides by h.p.l.c. yielded one major dye-peptide peak. Amino acid sequence analysis resulted in the identification of the dye-binding domain centred on lysine-178. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is also inactivated by Procion Brown MX-5BR, and this inactivation is prevented by ATP but not by tyrosine. The interaction of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase with hydroxylated Brown MX-5BR exhibited non-competitive kinetics with respect to the amino acid-binding site and competitive kinetics against ATP with a Ki of 6 X 10(-6) M.
Spectrum of Fungal Keratitis in North India (2004)

In contrast to other studies from our subcontinent, we found Aspergillus niger to be the most common fungal isolate, followed by Curvularia species in culture-proven cases of fungal keratitis. Direct microscopic examination of KOH mounts emerged as a rapid, reliable, and inexpensive diagnostic modality, with a sensitivity of 62%, which would facilitate the institution of early antifungal therapy before the culture results became available, thus proving to be sight saving.
The Pulse of News in Social Media: Forecasting Popularity (2012)

News articles are extremely time sensitive by nature. There is also intense competition among news items to propagate as widely as possible. Hence, the task of predicting the popularity of news items on the social web is both interesting and challenging. Prior research has dealt with predicting eventual online popularity based on early popularity. It is most desirable, however, to predict the popularity of items prior to their release, fostering the possibility of appropriate decision making to modify an article and the manner of its publication. In this paper, we construct a multi-dimensional feature space derived from properties of an article and evaluate the efficacy of these features to serve as predictors of online popularity. We examine both regression and classification algorithms and demonstrate that despite randomness in human behavior, it is possible to predict ranges of popularity on twitter with an overall 84% accuracy. Our study also serves to illustrate the differences between traditionally prominent sources and those immensely popular on the social web.
Ferroelectric properties of epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films on silicon by control of crystal orientation (2009)

Crystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films between metallic-oxide SrRuO3 (SRO) electrodes were prepared using pulsed laser deposition on CeO2/yttria-stabilized zirconia buffered silicon (001) substrates. Different deposition conditions for the initial layers of the bottom SRO electrode result in an orientation switch. Either (110)- or (001)-oriented SRO thin films are obtained and the PZT films deposited on the bottom electrode continued both growth directions. The ferroelectric characteristics of the SRO/PZT/SRO capacitors are found to be strongly dependent on their crystalline orientation: PZT (001)-oriented thin films showed stable, high quality ferroelectric response, while the remnant polarization of the PZT (110)-oriented thin films only show high response after multiple switching cycles.
Identification of Human STAT5-dependent Gene Regulatory Elements Based on Interspecies Homology (2006)

STAT5 is a transcription factor essential for hematopoietic physiology. STAT5 functions to transduce signals from cytokines to the nucleus where it regulates gene expression. Although several important transcriptional targets of STAT5 are known, most remain unidentified. To identify novel STAT5 targets, we searched chromosomes 21 and 22 for clusters of STAT5 binding sites contained within regions of interspecies homology. We identified four such regions, including one with tandem STAT5 binding sites in the first intron of the NCAM2 gene. Unlike known STAT5 binding sites, this site is found within a very large intron and resides approximately 200 kb from the first coding exon of NCAM2. We demonstrate that this region confers STAT5-dependent transcriptional activity. We show that STAT5 binds in vivo to the NCAM2 intron in the NKL natural killer cell line and that this binding is induced by cytokines that activate STAT5. Neither STAT1 nor STAT3 bind to this region, despite sharing a consensus binding sequence with STAT5. Activation of STAT4 and STAT5 causes the accumulation of both of these STATs to the NCAM2 regulatory region. Therefore, using an informatics based approach to identify STAT5 targets, we have identified NCAM2 as both a STAT4- and STAT5-regulated gene, and we show that its expression is regulated by cytokines essential for natural killer cell survival and differentiation. This strategy may be an effective way to identify functional binding regions for transcription factors with known cognate binding sites anywhere in the genome.
Characterization of Protease-activated Receptor-2 Immunoreactivity in Normal Human Tissues (1998)

PAR-2 is a second member of a novel family of G-protein-coupled receptors characterized by a proteolytic cleavage of the amino terminus, thus exposing a tethered peptide ligand that autoactivates the receptor. The physiological and/or pathological role(s) of PAR-2 are still unknown. This study provides tissue-specific cellular localization of PAR-2 in normal human tissues by immunohistochemical techniques. A polyclonal antibody, PAR-2C, was raised against a peptide corresponding to the amino terminal sequence SLIGKVDGTSHVTGKGV of human PAR-2. Significant PAR-2 immunoreactivity was detected in smooth muscle of vascular and nonvascular origin and stromal cells from a variety of tissues. PAR-2 was also present in endothelial and epithelial cells independent of tissue type. Strong immunolabeling was observed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, indicating a possible function for PAR-2 in this system. In the CNS, PAR-2 was localized to many astrocytes and neurons, suggesting involvement of PAR-2 in neuronal function. A role for PAR-2 in the skin was further supported by its immunolocalization in the epidermis. PAR-2C antibody exemplifies an important tool to address the physiological role(s) of PAR-2.
Aquaporin Adipose, a Putative Glycerol Channel in Adipocytes (2000)

Adipose tissue is a major site of glycerol production in response to energy balance. However, molecular basis of glycerol release from adipocytes has not yet been elucidated. We recently cloned a novel member of the aquaporin family, aquaporin adipose (AQPap), which has glycerol permeability. The current study was designed to examine the hypothesis that AQPap serves as a glycerol channel in adipocytes. Adipose tissue expressed AQPap mRNA in high abundance, but not the mRNAs for the other aquaglyceroporins, AQP3 and AQP9, indicating that AQPap is the only known aquaglyceroporin expressed in adipose tissue. Glycerol release from 3T3-L1 cells was increased during differentiation in parallel with AQPap mRNA levels and suppressed by mercury ion, which inhibits the function of AQPs, supporting AQPap functions as a glycerol channel in adipocytes. Fasting increased and refeeding suppressed adipose AQPap mRNA levels in accordance with plasma glycerol levels and oppositely to plasma insulin levels in mice. Insulin dose-dependently suppressed AQPap mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 cells. AQPap mRNA levels and adipose glycerol concentrations measured by the microdialysis technique were increased in obese mice with insulin resistance. Accordingly, negative regulation of AQPap expression by insulin was impaired in the insulin-resistant state. Exposure of epinephrine translocated AQPap protein from perinuclear cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results strongly suggest that AQPap plays an important role in glycerol release from adipocytes.
Vibration Isolation System Using Negative Stiffness (2010)

Active vibration isolation systems using negative stiffness were presented. Connecting a negative-stiffness suspension with a normal spring in series can generate infinite stiffness against disturbances acting on the isolation table. This property is maintained even if a suspension to support the weight of the isolation table is introduced in parallel with the serial combination. The principles and fundamental characteristics of the systems were described in a analytical form together with experimental apparatuses developed for experimental study and experimental results. It was experimentally confirmed that combining a negative-stiffness suspension with a normal spring in series generates high stiffness against static direct disturbance acting on an isolation table. Vibration isolation using negative stiffness is a quite unique approach. Very high (theoretically infinite) stiffness to direct vibration is achieved with low-cost sensors while system vibration transmitted from the ground is reduced. Since negative stiffness can be achieved by any linear actuator including electromagnetic actuator (zero-power magnetic suspension), various types of system are possible. Active research and development has been and will be continued to industrial applications (Mizuno et al., 2007 & 2008).
Murine Candidiasis. Pathogenesis and host responses in genetically distinct inbred mice (1987)

The pathogenesis of Candida albicans infection was compared in three inbred strains of mice--CBA/H; C57B1/6J and BALB/c. CBA/H mice developed the most severe lesions, and also showed the weakest inflammatory responses in the popliteal lymph node after challenge with live organisms in the footpad. Nevertheless, this strain cleared candida from the spleen more efficiently than either C57B1/6J or BALB/c mice. This apparently excludes a defect in phagocytosis as the basis for the increased susceptibility. The gene(s) determining susceptibility in CBA/H mice are located outside the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).
Traffic Control Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Vehicles (2020)

A car driver knows how to react on the gestures of the traffic officers. Clearly, this is not the case for the autonomous vehicle, unless it has road traffic control gesture recognition functionalities. In this work, we address the limitation of the existing autonomous driving datasets to provide learning data for traffic control gesture recognition. We introduce a dataset that is based on 3D body skeleton input to perform traffic control gesture classification on every time step. Our dataset consists of 250 sequences from several actors, ranging from 16 to 90 seconds per sequence. To evaluate our dataset, we propose eight sequential processing models based on deep neural networks such as recurrent networks, attention mechanism, temporal convolutional networks and graph convolutional networks. We present an extensive evaluation and analysis of all approaches for our dataset, as well as real-world quantitative evaluation. The code and dataset is publicly available <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> .
Immunohistochemical Identification of <i>Renibacterium Salmoninarum</i> by Monoclonal Antibodies in Paraffin-Embedded Tissues of Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo Salar</i> L.), using Paired Immunoenzyme and Paired Immunofluorescence Techniques (1994)

Renibacterium salmoninarum was identified in situ by immunoenzymatic and immunofluorescence techniques in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens collected during a natural outbreak of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) and from an experimental infection in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 4D3 and 2G5 were used in this study, both specific for the 57-58-kD outer membrane protein (p57) of the bacterium. Both MAbs revealed positive staining in ethanol-fixed tissue specimens, but only the epitope identified by MAb 4D3 was formalin resistant. Pretreatment with trypsin did not reestablish the antigenicity for the epitope identified by Mab 2G5. Paired immunoenzymatic staining for identification of the bacterium in sequential incubation steps on ethanol-fixed tissue specimens using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase system was obtained after serial dilution of the Mab (2G5) or the chromagen, amino ethyl carbazole, in the first sequence. Paired immunofluorescence staining with well-balanced color mixing was easily obtained on ethanol-fixed tissue specimens using sequential incubations. Single exposures gave blue (aminomethyl coumarin acetic acid) and green (fluorescein isothiocyanate) fluorescence for MAbs 2G5 and biotinylated 4D3, respectively. Color mixing was revealed as a turquoise staining. Studies on method sensitivity was performed by incorporating a known amount of a protein preparation of p57 into an inert matrix, creating an artificial test substrate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Experimental study of defoaming by air-borne power ultrasonic technology (2010)

Foam is a dispersion of gas in a liquid in which the distances between the gas bubbles are very small. Foams are frequently generated in the manufacture of many products as result from the aeration and agitation of liquids, from the vaporization of the liquid and also from biological or chemical reactions. Foams are generally an unwanted product in industrial processes because they cause difficulties in process control and in equipment operation. The most efficient conventional method for defoaming is the use of chemical agents but they contaminate the product. High-intensity ultrasonic waves offer a clean procedure to break foam bubbles. The potential use of ultrasound for foam breaking that was known since many years has been recently reinforced by the application of a new type of ultrasonic defoamer based on the stepped-plate high-power transducers to generate air-borne ultrasound. This defoamer has been successfully applied in several industrial problems such as the control of excess foam produced during the filling operation of bottles and cans on high-speed canning lines and in fermenting vessels and other reactors of great dimensions. The treatment of such industrial problems requires the proper characterization and quantification of the main parameters involved in the mechanisms of the defoaming effect. This paper deals with an experimental study about the separate influence of such parameters with the aim of improving the application of the stepped-plate power ultrasonic generators for the production of the defoaming action on industrial processes