gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ROS Effects on Neurodegeneration in Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders: On Environmental Stresses of Ionizing Radiation (2004)

Neurodegenerative processes associated with Alzheimer's disease are complex and involve many CNS tissue types, structures and biochemical processes. Factors believed involved in these processes are generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), associated inflammatory responses, and the bio-molecular and genetic damage they produce. Since oxidative processes are essential to energy production, and to other biological functions, such as cell signaling, the process is not one of risk exposure, as for cigarettes and cancer, but one where normal physiological processes operate out of normal ranges and without adequate control. Thus, it is necessary to study the ambiphilicity that allows the same molecule (e.g., beta amyloid) to behave in contradictory ways depending upon the physiological microenvironment. To determine ways to study this in human populations we review evidence on the effects of an exogenous generator of ROS, ionizing radiation, in major population events with radionuclides (e.g., Hiroshima and Nagasaki; Chernobyl Reactor accident; environmental contamination in Chelyabinsk (South Urals) where plutonium was produced, and in the nuclear weapons test area in Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan). The age evolution, and traits, of neurodegenerative processes in human populations in these areas, may help us understand how IR affects the CNS. After reviewing human population evidence, we propose a model of neurodegeneration based upon the complexity of CNS functions.
The Zwitterionic Cell Wall Teichoic Acid of Staphylococcus aureus Provokes Skin Abscesses in Mice by a Novel CD4+ T-Cell-Dependent Mechanism (2010)

Zwitterionic polysaccharide (ZPS) components of the bacterial cell envelope have been shown to exert a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-dependent activation of CD4+ T cells, which in turn can modulate the outcome and progression of infections in animal models. We investigated the impact of zwitterionic cell wall teichoic acid (WTA) produced by Staphylococcus aureus on the development of skin abscesses in a mouse model. We also compared the relative biological activities of WTA and capsular polysaccharide (CP), important S. aureus pathogenicity factors, in abscess formation. Expression of both WTA and CP markedly affected the ability of S. aureus to induce skin abscess formation in mice. Purified wild-type zwitterionic WTA was more active in inducing abscess formation than negatively charged mutant WTA or purified CP8. To assess the ability of purified native WTA to stimulate T cell proliferation in vitro, we co-cultivated WTA with human T-cells and antigen presenting cells in the presence and absence of various inhibitors of MHC-II presentation. Wild-type WTA induced T cell proliferation to a significantly greater extent than negatively charged WTA. T cell activation was dependent on the presentation of WTA on MHC II, since inhibitors of MHC II-dependent presentation and antibodies to MHC II significantly reduced T cell proliferation. T cells activated in vitro with wild-type WTA, but not negatively charged WTA, induced abscess formation when injected subcutaneously into wild-type mice. CD4-/- mice similarly injected with WTA failed to develop abscesses. Our results demonstrate that the zwitterionic WTA of S. aureus induces CD4+ T-cell proliferation in an MHCII-dependent manner, which in turn modulates abscess formation in a mouse skin infection model. An understanding of this novel T cell-dependent host response to staphylococcal abscess formation may lead to the development of new strategies to combat S. aureus skin and soft tissue infections.
Is There an Association Between Duration of Untreated Psychosis and 24-Month Clinical Outcome in a First-Admission Series? (2000)

Although these findings require replication in other epidemiologically based first-admission samples, at face value they do not support the suggestion of a psychotoxic effect of prolonged exposure to untreated psychosis.
Rubber, Natural (2012)

Abstract Natural rubber is derived from the Hevea brasiliensis tree. This article summarizes the history of natural rubber with seedlings planted in Malaysia in 1877 through present day production figures. Latex collection and its coagulation produce various types of dry rubber grades. Raw rubber properties, such as crystallization, storage, hardening, cure behavior, and plasticity retention index are covered as is chemistry and technology of natural rubber. The technical advantages of natural rubber, blends with synthetic rubber, vulcanization systems available are outlined. Natural rubber latex's preparation, concentration and properties are described. Uses of natural rubber, as well as its modified forms, are detailed. The major use of natural rubber is for tires. A major concern has been protein allergy in latex rubber gloves and condoms. Ways to prevent these allergies are discussed.
Probe measurements of the space potential in a radio frequency discharge (1990)

The dc and radio frequency (rf) components (and harmonics) of the probe potential have been measured in the midplane of a 13.56-MHz parallel-plane rf discharge in argon over a wide range of discharge voltages and at gas pressures between 10 mTorr and 1.0 Torr. rf potential measurements were made with different input capacitances to determine the true magnitude of the rf plasma potential and the probe capacitance. For a symmetrically driven rf discharge, the rf plasma potential Vrf is mainly composed of the second harmonic of the driving voltage Vdr over a wide range of gas pressures. For high values of Vdr, Vrf ≊0.1 Vdr while the dc probe potential Vdc is about 0.4 Vdr. These results are in good agreement with corresponding theoretical predictions found in the literature. For an asymmetrically driven rf discharge with equal electrode area, the rf plasma potential has an additional fundamental harmonic component equal to half the rf driving voltage. Values of rf plasma potential and probe capacitance given here allow us to specify the requirements on probe circuitry for different kinds of probe measurements in rf discharges.
Functional and neurochemical evidence for partial cardiac sympathetic reinnervation after cardiac transplantation in humans. (1993)

The present study demonstrates a partial restoration of cardiac sympathetic nerve function in humans up to 8 years after heart transplantation.
How pure are your vesicles? (2013)

We propose a straightforward method to estimate the purity of vesicle preparations by comparing the ratio of nano-vesicle counts to protein concentration, using tools such as the increasingly available NanoSight platform and a colorimetric protein assay such as the BCA-assay. Such an approach is simple enough to apply to every vesicle preparation within a given laboratory, assisting researchers as a routine quality control step. Also, the approach may aid in comparing/standardising vesicle purity across diverse studies, and may be of particular importance in evaluating vesicular biomarkers. We herein propose some criteria to aid in the definition of pure vesicles.
Analysis of the OspE Determinants Involved in Binding of Factor H and OspE-Targeting Antibodies Elicited during <i>Borrelia</i> <i>burgdorferi</i> Infection in Mice (2003)

Immune evasion by Lyme spirochetes is a multifactorial process involving numerous mechanisms. The OspE protein family undergoes antigenic variation during infection and binds factor H (fH) and possibly FHL-1/reconectin. In Borrelia burgdorferi B31MI, the OspE family consists of three paralogs: BBL39 (ErpA), BBP38, and BBN38 (ErpP). BBL39 and BBP38 are identical and therefore are referred to here as BBL39. The goals of this study were to assess the specificity of the antibody (Ab) response to the OspE paralogs and to identify the domains or determinants of OspE that are required for the binding of fH and OspE-targeting Abs that develop during infection. Here we demonstrate that at least some of the anti-OspE Abs produced during infection are paralog specific and that Ab binding requires conformational determinants whose formation requires both the N- and C-terminal domains of OspE. The binding of fH to OspE was also found to be dependent on conformational determinants. It is also demonstrated here that all of the OspE paralogs expressed by B. burgdorferi B31MI are capable of binding fH. The binding of fH to members of the OspF protein family was also assessed. In contrast to an earlier report, no binding of BBO39 or BBR42 to human fH was detected. Lastly, a series of competitive binding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses, designed to determine if fH and infection serum Abs bind to the same sites on OspE, revealed that these ligands interact with different regions of OspE.
User acceptance towards a personalised hands-free messaging application (iSay-SMS) (2010)

Mobile phone usage in Malaysia is spreading rapidly and has gone through great changes due to new developments and innovations in mobile phone technology. There is no doubt that more and more Malaysians are using short message service (SMS) instead of making voice calls. In order to satisfy the needs and demands of users, mobile phone manufacturers are constantly adapting and innovating to ensure that they can survive in this competitive market. An important innovation in SMS technology lately is the speech recognition technology that can convert voice messages into text messages. In other words, messages can be voice/speech typed. Currently, voice messages can only be converted into text messages in the form of normal/standard text using fully spelled words. This paper attempts to evaluate the level of acceptance of a software application which uses either standard or abbreviation text messaging dictionary for voice messaging. The product is known as iSay-SMS, a hands-free voice messaging application that enables users to send messages without the need of using keypad to type messages in the form of original fully spelled word or abbreviations or shortened form of a word. Among various technology acceptance models studied, MOPTAM was chosen as the basis of the survey. The result of the survey concluded that iSay-SMS would be accepted by the majority of mobile phone users because of its ease of use.
1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives: synthesis and antiproliferative activity. (1989)

Fischer indol synthesis is reported for the preparation of some 2-substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives having a structural correlation with naturally occurring compound ellipticine. The prepared compounds proved capable of forming in vitro molecular complexes with native double-stranded DNA by intercalation between two base pairs and showed a relatively good activity in inhibiting the DNA synthesis in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
Dominant Mutations ( <i>lex</i> ) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 Which Affect Radiation Sensitivity and Frequency of Ultraviolet Light-Induced Mutations (1972)

Three mutations, denoted lex-1, -2 and -3, which increase the sensitivity of Escherichia coli K-12 to ultraviolet light (UV) and ionizing radiation, have been found by three-factor transduction crosses to be closely linked to uvrA on the E. coli K-12 linkage map. Strains bearing these mutations do not appear to be defective in genetic recombination although in some conjugational crosses they may fail to produce a normal yield of genetic recombinants depending upon the time of mating and the marker selected. The mutagenic activity of UV is decreased in the mutant strains. After irradiation with UV, cultures of the strains degrade their deoxyribonucleic acid at a high rate, similar to recA(-) mutant strains. Stable lex(+)/lec(-) heterozygotes are found to have the mutant radiation-sensitive phenotype of haploid lex(-) strains.
Fibre composition of the hypoglossal nerve in the rat. (1990)

The fibre composition of the hypoglossal nerve of the rat has been investigated by means of (a) retrograde neuronal labelling following application of fluorescent dyes to the XII nerve and/or to the ansa cervicalis, lingual nerve and facial nerve; and (b) anterograde fibre degeneration in silver-impregnated sections of the tongue following interruption of one or more of these nerves. A search for neuromuscular spindles was carried out in coronal paraffin sections of eight control tongues. The ansa cervicalis was found to make three significant contributions to the distal XII trunk: one set of axons originated in the medial subnucleus of the ventral tier of the XII nucleus and contributed to the motor innervation of intrinsic lingual muscles: a second set originated in the lateral subnucleus of the ventral tier and contributed to the motor innervation of the posterior part of the geniohyoid muscle. A third set, having cell bodies in the two uppermost cervical ganglia, provided proprioceptive afferents to the tongue and geniohyoid. A small number of somata in the caudal end of the facial nucleus contributed axons to the XII nerve prior to its emergence from the medulla oblongata. The salivatory nucleus (pons) also contributed pre-emergence fibres, which supplied autonomic ganglia destined for the supply of small arteries in the tongue. The fibre composition of the XII trunk was completed by an afferent contribution from the jugulo-nodose ganglion complex of the vagus nerve, and by sympathetic fibres from the superior cervical ganglion. In control material, eight neuromuscular spindles were detected in five out of eight tongues. Six occupied the longitudinalis inferior, one the hyoglossus, and one the genioglossus. All eight were close to the surface of the tongue base.
Ultrasensitive and visual detection of SARS-CoV-2 using all-in-one dual CRISPR-Cas12a assay (2020)

The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 disease spreads rapidly in the world. Rapid and early detection of SARS-CoV-2 facilitates early intervention and prevents the disease spread. Here, we present an All-In-One Dual CRISPR-Cas12a (AIOD-CRISPR) assay for one-pot, ultrasensitive, and visual SARS-CoV-2 detection. By targeting SARS-CoV-2's nucleoprotein gene, two CRISPR RNAs without protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site limitation are introduced to develop the AIOD-CRISPR assay and detect the nucleic acids with a sensitivity of few copies. We validate the assay by using COVID-19 clinical swab samples and obtain consistent results with RT-PCR assay. Furthermore, a low-cost hand warmer (~$0.3) is used as an incubator of the AIOD-CRISPR assay to detect clinical samples within 20 min, enabling an instrument-free, visual SARS-CoV-2 detection at the point of care. Thus, our method has the significant potential to provide a rapid, sensitive, one-pot point-of-care assay for SARS-CoV-2.
Technical Note: <scp>DIRART</scp> – A software suite for deformable image registration and adaptive radiotherapy research (2010)

By exchanging data with treatment planning systems via DICOM-RT files and CERR, and by bringing image registration algorithms closer to radiotherapy applications, DIRART is potentially a convenient and flexible platform that may facilitate ART and DIR research. 0 2011 Ameri-
On UMTS-LTE Physical Uplink Shared and Control Channels (2008)

The performance of the uplink physical channel of the 3GPP LTE system is considered in this paper. Assuming a single user spatial division multiple access transmission scheme, where users' signals are transmitted over different subcarriers, a low complexity channel estimation technique is proposed for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The proposed channel estimation technique is shown to have significant gains in performance compared to other well known channel estimation techniques such as the maximum-likelihood (ML) and the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) channel estimation methods [5]. Simulation results for different channel models and modulation and coding schemes (MCS) using incremental redundancy (IR) based hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) operation are also shown. Finally, a robust detection scheme is proposed for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and simulation results are summarized.
Cooperative Phenomena in Two-pulse, Two-color Laser Photocoagulation of Cutaneous Blood Vessels¶ (2001)

A novel laser system has been developed to study the effects of multiple laser pulses of differing wavelengths on cutaneous blood vessels in vivo, using the hamster dorsal skin flap preparation and in vitro, using cuvettes of whole or diluted blood. The system permits sequenced irradiation with well-defined intrapulse spacing at 532 nm, using a long-pulse frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, and at 1064 nm, using a long-pulse Nd:YAG laser. Using this system, we have identified a parameter space where two pulses of different wavelengths act in a synergistic manner to effect permanent vessel damage at radiant exposures where the two pulses individually have little or no effect. Using a two-color pump-probe technique in vitro, we have identified a phenomenon we call greenlight-induced infrared absorption, where a pulse of green light causes photochemical and photothermal modifications to the chemical constituents of blood and results in enhanced infrared absorption. We identify a new chemical species, met-hemoglobin, not normally present in healthy human blood but formed during laser photocoagulation which we believe is implicated in the enhanced near-infrared absorption.
Double-blind comparison of single doses of DS103-282, baclofen and placebo for suppression of spasticity. (1980)

Twelve spastic patients received single oral doses of a new anti-spastic drug DS103-282 (Sandoz) 6 mg, baclofen 20 mg, and placebo on three separate days. Passive stretch responses were measured before administration and for four hours afterwards. DS103-282 was more effective than baclofen, and both drugs were more effective than placebo. Analysis of the recordings confirmed that DS103-282 had a specific effect upon stretch reflexes independent of its effect on resting muscle tone. Its action appeared at 30 to 45 minutes after ingestion, with maximum activity at 60-90 minutes. Unwanted effects of DS103-282 were drowsiness and (in one case) potentiation of antihypertensive therapy.
Efficient Multiqubit Entanglement via a Spin Bus (2007)

We propose an experimentally feasible architecture with controllable long-range couplings built up from local exchange interactions. The scheme consists of a spin bus, with strong, always-on interactions, coupled dynamically to external qubits of the Loss and DiVincenzo type. Long-range correlations are enabled by a spectral gap occurring in a finite-size chain. The bus can also form a hub for multiqubit entangling operations. We show how multiqubit gates may be used to efficiently generate W states (an important entanglement resource). The spin bus therefore provides a route for scalable solid-state quantum computation, using currently available experimental resources.
Eight cardinal points in loudspeakers for sound reproduction (1961)

Good audio sound quality in stereophonic reproduction may be summarized in the "eight cardinal points of loudspeakers," which are: 1) minimal distortion, 2) optimum size, 3) avoidance of rattles, 4) avoidance of shadows, 5) avoidance of cavities, 6) wide spacing, 7) proper number, and 8) toe-in.
Bound-monolayer cation exchanger for gas-liquid chromatographic separation of cis and trans alkenes (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBound-monolayer cation exchanger for gas-liquid chromatographic separation of cis and trans alkenesPaul. Magidman, R. A. Barford, D. H. Saunders, and H. L. RothbartCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 1, 44–47Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60365a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60365a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views33Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
5H-(Perfluoropentamethyl)cyclopentadiene, an extraordinary carbon acid (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT5H-(Perfluoropentamethyl)cyclopentadiene, an extraordinary carbon acidEvan D. Laganis and David M. LemalCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 21, 6633–6634Publication Date (Print):October 8, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 8 October 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00541a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00541a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts