gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Polo Kinase and Mid1p in Determining the Site of Cell Division in Fission Yeast (1998)

The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe divides symmetrically using a medial F-actin- based contractile ring to produce equal-sized daughter cells. Mutants defective in two previously described genes, mid1 and pom1, frequently divide asymmetrically. Here we present the identification of three new temperature-sensitive mutants defective in localization of the division plane. All three mutants have mutations in the polo kinase gene, plo1, and show defects very similar to those of mid1 mutants in both the placement and organization of the medial ring. In both cases, ring formation is frequently initiated near the cell poles, indicating that Mid1p and Plo1p function in recruiting medial ring components to the cell center. It has been reported previously that during mitosis Mid1p becomes hyperphosphorylated and relocates from the nucleus to a medial ring. Here we show that Mid1p first forms a diffuse cortical band during spindle formation and then coalesces into a ring before anaphase. Plo1p is required for Mid1p to exit the nucleus and form a ring, and Pom1p is required for proper placement of the Mid1p ring. Upon overexpression of Plo1p, Mid1p exits the nucleus prematurely and displays a reduced mobility on gels similar to that of the hyperphosphorylated form observed previously in mitotic cells. Genetic and two-hybrid analyses suggest that Plo1p and Mid1p act in a common pathway distinct from that involving Pom1p. Plo1p localizes to the spindle pole bodies and spindles of mitotic cells and also to the medial ring at the time of its formation. Taken together, the data indicate that Plo1p plays a role in the positioning of division sites by regulating Mid1p. Given its previously known functions in mitosis and the timing of cytokinesis, Plo1p is thus implicated as a key molecule in the spatial and temporal coordination of cytokinesis with mitosis.
Multi-Touch Interface for Character Motion Control Using Model-Based Approach (2013)

In this paper, we propose a new method for interactive motion control with a multi-touch interface. A user of our system can touch and drag character's body parts to control its motion. The character's full body motion is driven by our interactive motion control model based on the movement of a few body parts which are directly manipulated by the user via the multi-touch interface. We propose a method for determining 3-dimensional positions of controlled body parts from 2-dimensional touch inputs based on the character's local coordinates and drag speed. We introduce a point-based pose representation which consists of the positions or orientations of a small number of primary body parts. Based on the representation, we develop a motion control model that includes modules for tracking, balance, inter-body interaction, relaxing and self-collision avoidance. The character's pose is reconstructed from the point-based pose representation. We present our experimental results to show that our framework can realize various natural-looking motions.
Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Novel 1,2,4‐Triazolium Derivatives (2009)

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazolium derivatives was synthesized starting from commercially available 1H-1,2,4-triazole, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride, or 2,4-difluorobenzyl bromide. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus proteus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans ATCC 76615, and Aspergillus fumigatus. All structures of the new compounds were confirmed by NMR, IR, and MS spectra, and elemental analyses. The antimicrobial tests showed that most of synthesized triazolium derivatives exhibit significant antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro. 1-(2,4-Difluorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium bromide and 1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-4-dodecyl-1H-1,2,4- triazol-4-ium bromide were the most potent compounds against all tested strains with the MIC values ranging from 1.05 to 8.38 microM. They exhibited much stronger activities than the standard drugs chloramphenicol and fluconazole which are in clinical use. The results also showed that the antimicrobial activities of triazolium derivatives depend upon the type of substituent, the length of the alkyl chain, and the number of triazolium rings.
IN VITRO EFFECTS OF MONOLAURIN COMPOUNDS ON ENVELOPED RNA AND DNA VIRUSES<sup>1</sup> (1982)

Monolaurin alone and monolaurin with tert-butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), methylparaben, or sorbic acid were tested for in vitro virucidal activity against 14 human RNA and DNA enveloped viruses in cell culture. At concentrations of 1% additive in the reaction mixture for 1 h at 23°C, all viruses were reduced in infectivity by >99.9%. Monolaurin with BHA was the most effective virucidal agent in that it removed all measurable infectivity from all of the viruses tested. The compounds acted similarly on all the viruses and reduced infectivity by disintegrating the virus envelope.
New insights on chemically induced animal models of systemic sclerosis (2011)

Chemically induced models truly develop a SSc-like disease and argue for a crucial role of ROS in SSc.
Oxidative Stress Causes Mucin Synthesis Via Transactivation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Role of Neutrophils (2000)

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of airways. Here we show that oxidative stress causes ligand-independent activation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and subsequent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)-p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p44/42mapk), resulting in mucin synthesis in NCI-H292 cells. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide and neutrophils activated by IL-8, FMLP, or TNF-alpha increased EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and subsequent activation of p44/42mapk and up-regulated the expression of MUC5AC at both mRNA and protein levels in NCI-H292 cells. These effects were blocked by selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (AG1478, BIBX1522) and by a selective MEK inhibitor (PD98059), whereas a selective platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (AG1295), a selective p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), and a negative compound of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (A1) were without effect. Neutrophil supernatant-induced EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation, activation of p44/42mapk, and MUC5AC synthesis were inhibited by antioxidants (N-acetyl-cysteine, DMSO, dimethyl thiourea, or superoxide dismutase); neutralizing Abs to EGFR ligands (EGF and TGF-alpha) were without effect, and no TGF-alpha protein was found in the neutrophil supernatant. In contrast, the EGFR ligand, TGF-alpha, increased EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation, activation of p44/42mapk, and subsequent MUC5AC synthesis, but these effects were not inhibited by antioxidants. These results implicate oxidative stress in stimulating mucin synthesis in airways and provide new therapeutic approaches in airway hypersecretory diseases.
Randomized Pattern Search (1972)

A random search technique for function minimization is proposed that incorporates the step-size and direction adaptivity of Hooke and Jeeves' [1] pattern search. Experimental results for a variety of functions indicate that the random pattern search is more effective than the corresponding deterministic method for a class of problems with hard constraints.
Post-translational transport into intact chloroplasts of a precursor to the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (1978)

A precursor to the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase [3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxylyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39] has been identified among the products of cell-free translation of polyadenylated RNA from spinach and pea. In both cases, the precursor is larger than the mature protein by 4000-5000 daltons. Upon incubation of post-ribosomal supernatants of the in vitro protein synthesis mixtures with purified intact chloroplasts, the pea and spinach precursors are transported interchangeably into the chloroplasts and processed to the mature size and charge. Moreover, the newly transported small subunits are found to assemble with endogenous large subunits to form the holoenzyme. In contrast, a precursor to the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii small subunit is not taken up by higher plant chloroplasts, indicating the specificity of the transport events. Together, these results demonstrate that the in vitro reconstruction of the post-translational transport of the higher plant precursors is physiologically significant.
No evidence for short or long term morbidity after increased titer measles vaccination in Sudan (2002)

We were unable to document increased morbidity in recipients of the increased titer measles vaccines used in this study. These data do not support the hypothesis that increased mortality after increased titer vaccine exposure is the result of increased and cumulative morbidity.
Holographic Optical Elements Using Polyvinyl Carbazole Holographic Material (1986)

We developed a new holographic material: polyvinyl carbazore material. The advantage or the material over conventional DCC material is that it has high durability against humidity and transparency. Some optical properties of the material and some applications are presented. We have already installed the holographic display element using polyvinyl carbazole in a commercialized 8mm movie camera. The letters "END" are displayed on an imaging plane of the finder system by using an image plane hologram. We also present the holographic lens of which aberration is well corrected at laser diode wavelength. We made this holographic lens using a new aberration correcting method.
Bitcoin‐Based Decentralized Carbon Emissions Trading Infrastructure Model (2014)

ABSTRACT This paper presents a system‐of‐systems architecture model for a Decentralized Carbon Emissions Trading Infrastructure (D‐CETI) with focus on privacy and system security goals. The structure and behavior are implemented as a solution to the problem of trading carbon emissions anonymously among the trading agents. Privacy and security of the trading agents and their carbon credits are the main requirements behind the architecture of D‐CETI. The decentralized structure of multiple systems and distributed behavior are the two main features of D‐CETI that distinguish it from the traditional carbon trading schemes and protocols. D‐CETI is based on Bitcoin, a peer‐to‐peer digital currency with no central authority, and Open Transactions, a system that simplifies the use of cryptography in financial transactions. The architecture of D‐CETI is evaluated and compared with the architecture of five other carbon emissions trading platforms.
New Generation Silicate Gel System for Casing Repairs and Water Shutoff (2008)

Abstract The SPI gel system is a low cost, multi-component silicate based gel, mixed at surface and pumped as a single stage with controlled gel times ranging from a few hours to several days to form a variety of resilient gels from hard, "ringing" to soft, weak gels. This new environmentally friendly, "green" gel system uses low chemical concentrations and no heavy metals for a low overall cost. SPI gel systems were developed to solve water conformance problems on injector and producer wells, for casing leak repairs and other applications. The SPI pre-gelled system has a low viscosity for deep penetration of leaks and tight formations and it can be designed for special applications. Well over 1000 lab tests were performed to evaluate the SPI gel system at the RTA Systems laboratory. Further rheological testing was conducted and is in progress at the Tertiary Oil Recovery Project at the University of Kansas. Lab tests are continuing to establish a minimum 5-year life of the SPI silicate gels for permitted injection well repairs for regulatory Mechanical Integrity Testing (MIT) requirements. This paper presents the laboratory discovery work and the early 3rd party confirmation work. These gels are now being field-tested for waterflood conformance and casing repairs.
Passive damping technology for buildings in Japan (2000)

This paper first reviews the concept of the damage-controlled structure (DCS) which is a kind of passive damping technology, proposed before the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake in Japan and the Northridge Earthquake in the USA. The philosophy, the necessity and the potential of the damage-controlled structure are stated in the first two sections of this paper. Second, a modified shear-bending beam model and a rational dynamic analysis method of three-dimensional frame for the damage-controlled structure with passive energy dissipation devices are reviewed. Thirdly, a series of dynamic loading test results of modeled damage-controlled steel frame with hysteretic dampers are presented. Finally, a number of actual example building projects which exemplify the current seismic design trend using the passive damping technology in Japan are reviewed.
Collectively Enhanced Interactions in Solid-State Spin Qubits (2013)

We propose and analyze a technique to collectively enhance interactions between solid-state quantum registers composed from random networks of spin qubits. In such systems, disordered dipolar interactions generically result in localization. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of a single collective delocalized eigenmode as one turns on a transverse magnetic field. The interaction strength between this symmetric collective mode and a remote spin qubit is enhanced by the square root of the number of spins participating in the delocalized mode. Mediated by such collective enhancement, long-range quantum logic between remote spin registers can occur at distances consistent with optical addressing. A specific implementation utilizing nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond is discussed and the effects of decoherence are considered.
Artificial Enzymes (1987)

There are two general purposes to the study of artificial enzymes and enzyme mimics. One purpose is to furnish additional understanding of natural enzymes themselves. We tend to “understand” things by relating them to other simpler things that we already believe we understand. Thus, in the case of enzymes, it is common to try to explain their extraordinary rates and stabilities in terms of the properties of simpler chemical model systems. One of the important functions of the creation of artificial enzymes and enzyme mimics is to produce such model systems. Their behavior is a test of our understanding and also furnishes additional relevant chemistry that can be used to interpret enzymatic processes. In this kind of enzyme model, chemistry serves as an assistant to biochemistry; i.e., the chemistry is done in order to help with the understanding of the biochemical reactions.
Repairing A Shaft Prone To Fatigue (1991)

Shaft of hydraulic motor now outlives its bearings. Procedure for repairing John Deere Series 50 (or equivalent) hydraulic motor solves problem posed by common type of fatigue failure of shaft. Includes forming internally threaded hole in end of shaft, inserting double-threaded end stud, and adding washers and collars.
Ammoniation of Peat for Fertilizers (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmmoniation of Peat for FertilizersWalter Scholl and R. O. E. DavisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1933, 25, 10, 1074–1078Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50286a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50286a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Identification of the Flavonoid Hydroxylases from Grapevine and Their Regulation during Fruit Development (2005)

Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites in many fruits, and their hydroxylation pattern determines their color, stability, and antioxidant capacity. Hydroxylation of the B-ring of flavonoids is catalyzed by flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H), and may also require cytochrome b5. We report the identification of genes encoding F3'H, F3'5'H, and a putative cytochrome b5 from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv Shiraz) and their transcriptional regulation in fruit. Functionality of the genes VvF3'H and VvF3'5'H1 was demonstrated by ectopic expression in petunia (Petunia hybrida), which altered flower color and flavonoid composition as expected. VvF3'H was expressed in grapes before flowering, when 3'-hydroxylated flavonols are made, and all three genes were expressed after flowering, when proanthocyanidins (PAs) are synthesized. In berry skin, expression of all three genes was low at the onset of ripening (véraison) but increased after véraison concomitant with the accumulation of 3'- and 3',5'-hydroxylated anthocyanins. VvF3'H and VvCytoB5 were expressed in seeds but not VvF3'5'H1, consistent with the accumulation of 3'-hydroxylated PAs in this tissue. VvCytoB5 expression was correlated with expression of both VvF3'H and VvF3'5'H1 in the different grape tissues. In contrast to red grapes, where VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H1, and VvCytoB5 were highly expressed during ripening, the expression of VvF3'5'H1 and VvCytoB5 in white grapes during ripening was extremely low, suggesting a difference in transcriptional regulation. Our results show that temporal and tissue-specific expression of VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H1, and VvCytoB5 in grapes is coordinated with the accumulation of the respective hydroxylated flavonols and PAs, as well as anthocyanins. Understanding the regulation of flavonoid hydroxylases could be used to modify flavonoid composition of fruits.
Adjusting the <i>attB</i> Site in Donor Plasmid Improves the Efficiency of ΦC31 Integrase System (2012)

ΦC31 integrase, a site-specific recombinase, can catalyze integration of circular DNA bearing attB site into pseudo attP sites in mammalian genomes. However, the integration efficiency mediated by integrase is relatively low. Our study centered on the investigation of the impact of the position, orientation, and number of attBs in the donor plasmid on the efficiency of ΦC31 integrase system. Donor plasmids bearing various types of attBs (including forward and reverse directions, tandem, and intersperse) and reporter enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were constructed. The plasmids plus helper plasmid encoding integrase were co-transfected into HeLa cells. After G418 selection, the resistant cell colonies were counted for calculating chromosomal integration frequency. EGFP expression was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorter and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. The results showed that efficiency of integration mediated by integrase accounted for 70% ± 7.1% of total integration events in the transfected HeLa cells. Compared with a forward orientation of attB in donor plasmid, a reverse direction of attB or interspersed attBs showed 1.5- or 2.8-fold increase in integration efficiency, respectively, while tandem attBs in donor plasmids caused a decreased efficiency of integration. We conclude that the adjustment of attB sites in donor plasmids may be of value for gene therapy and routine genetic engineering by using ΦC31 integrase system.
From pixels to semantic spaces: Advances in content-based image retrieval - eScholarship (2007)

Technological advances in digital imaging, broadband networking, and data storage are motivating millions of people to communicate with one another and express themselves by sharing images, video, and other forms of media online. Acquiring, storing, and transmitting photos is now trivial, but to manipulate, index, sort, filter, summarize, or search through them is significantly harder. The Statistical Visual Computing Laboratory at the University of California, San Diego, has been considering the problem of content-based image retrieval for years. This effort explores many issues in image representation and intelligent system design, including the evaluation of image similarity, automatic annotation of images with descriptive captions, and the ability to understand user feedback during image search.
Ion energy distributions at rf-biased wafer surfaces (2002)

We report the measurement of ion energy distributions at a radio frequency (rf)-biased electrode in inductively driven discharges in argon. We compare measurements made with a gridded energy analyzer and a commercial analyzer that contains a mass spectrometer and energy analyzer in tandem. The inductive drive and the rf bias in our Gaseous Electronics Conference reference cell were both at 13.56 MHz. By varying the plasma density, we were able to examine the transition region between the “low frequency limit” for rf bias and the intermediate frequency region where, at fixed bias frequency, the ion energy distribution width varies with the plasma density. We find that the experimental ion energy distributions become narrower as the time for ion transit through the sheath approaches the rf period, but that the ion distributions still have widths which are ∼90% of their low frequency limit when the ion transit time is 40% of the rf period. Space-charge-induced beam broadening inside our analyzers appears to significantly affect our measurements of ion angular distributions, especially at low ion energies.
Mapping Residual Structure in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins at Residue Resolution Using Millisecond Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange and Residue Averaging (2014)

Measurement of residual structure in intrinsically disordered proteins can provide insights into the mechanisms by which such proteins undergo coupled binding and folding. The present work describes an approach to measure residual structure in disordered proteins using millisecond hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange in a conventional bottom-up peptide-based workflow. We used the exchange mid-point, relative to a totally deuterated control, to quantify the rate of H/D exchange in each peptide. A weighted residue-by-residue average of these midpoints was used to map the extent of residual structure at near single-residue resolution. We validated this approach both by simulating a disordered protein and experimentally using the p300 binding domain of ACTR, a model disordered protein already well-characterized by other approaches. Secondary structure elements mapped in the present work are in good agreement with prior nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The new approach was somewhat limited by a loss of spatial resolution and subject to artifacts because of heterogeneities in intrinsic exchange. Approaches to correct these limitations are discussed.