gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Efficacy of Antimicrobial‐Coated Bladder Catheters in Inhibiting Bacterial Migration along Catheter Surface (1997)

Most cases of catheter-related urinary tract infection are probably caused by organisms that migrate from the urethral meatus-catheter interface along the external surface of the catheter into the bladder. To examine the ability of bladder catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin to inhibit bacterial migration along the external surface of the catheter, a novel in vitro bladder model was used. Compared with uncoated catheters, antimicrobial-coated bladder catheters significantly impeded the migration of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans (bacteriuria developed at a mean of 2-5 days vs. 9-34 days, respectively, after bacterial contamination of the catheter). Although production of zones of inhibition by coated catheters may provide some protection against infection, there was no correlation between the size of zones of inhibition and level of efficacy in inhibiting bacterial migration in vitro. Examination of the clinical efficacy of these antimicrobial-coated bladder catheters is prudent.
Sensing and Field Data Capture for Construction and Facility Operations (2011)

Collection of accurate, complete, and reliable field data is not only essential for active management of construction projects involving various tasks, such as material tracking, progress monitoring, and quality assurance, but also for facility and infrastructure management during the service lives of facilities and infrastructure systems. Limitations of current manual data collection approaches in terms of speed, completeness, and accuracy render these approaches ineffective for decision support in highly dynamic environments, such as construction and facility operations. Hence, a need exists to leverage the advancements in automated field data capture technologies to support decisions during construction and facility operations. These technologies can be used not only for acquiring data about the various operations being carried out at construction and facility sites but also for gathering information about the context surrounding these operations and monitoring the workflow of activities during these operations. With this, it is possible for project and facility managers to better understand the effect of environmental conditions on construction and facility operations and also to identify inefficient processes in these operations. This paper presents an overview of the various applications of automated field data capture technologies in construction and facility fieldwork. These technologies include image capture technologies, such as laser scanners and video cameras; automated identification technologies, such as barcodes and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags; tracking technologies, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and wireless local area network (LAN); and process monitoring technologies, such as on-board instruments (OBI). The authors observe that although applications exist for capturing construction and facility fieldwork data, these technologies have been underutilized for capturing the context at the fieldwork sites as well as for monitoring the workflow of construction and facility operations.
Detection of Test Collusion via Kullback–Leibler Divergence (2013)

The development of statistical methods for detecting test collusion is a new research direction in the area of test security. Test collusion may be described as large‐scale sharing of test materials, including answers to test items. Current methods of detecting test collusion are based on statistics also used in answer‐copying detection. Therefore, in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) these methods lose power because the actual test varies across examinees. This article addresses that problem by introducing a new approach that works in two stages: in Stage 1, test centers with an unusual distribution of a person‐fit statistic are identified via Kullback–Leibler divergence; in Stage 2, examinees from identified test centers are analyzed further using the person‐fit statistic, where the critical value is computed without data from the identified test centers. The approach is extremely flexible. One can employ any existing person‐fit statistic. The approach can be applied to all major testing programs: paper‐and‐pencil testing (P&P), computer‐based testing (CBT), multiple‐stage testing (MST), and CAT. Also, the definition of test center is not limited by the geographic location (room, class, college) and can be extended to support various relations between examinees (from the same undergraduate college, from the same test‐prep center, from the same group at a social network). The suggested approach was found to be effective in CAT for detecting groups of examinees with item pre‐knowledge, meaning those with access (possibly unknown to us) to one or more subsets of items prior to the exam.
Synthesis, characterization, and solid-state structure of a new hexachelating ligand and its complex with gallium(III) (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and solid-state structure of a new hexachelating ligand and its complex with gallium(III)Dennis A. Moore, Phillip E. Fanwick, and Michael J. WelchCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 8, 1504–1506Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00307a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00307a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Assays of Ligand-Human Serum Albumin Binding Using Pulsed Ultrafiltration and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (1999)

Two approaches were utilized to increase the throughput of pulsed ultrafiltration assays of ligand binding to human serum albumin, reducing the volume of the ultrafiltration chamber and combining pulsed ultrafiltration with high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Affinity constants for binding of ligands to human serum albumin were determined using pulsed ultrafiltration with ultraviolet absorbance detection. The first affinity constants (Ka1) were measured for the binding of dansylsarcosine, dansylamide, 7-anilinocoumarin-4-acetic acid and warfarin, and were determined to be 1.8 x 105, 5 x 104, 8 x 104, and 2.0 x 105 M-1, respectively. The throughput of pulsed ultrafiltration analyses was tripled compared to previous pulsed ultrafiltration measurements by reducing the volume of the chamber. In addition, the use of LC-MS with pulsed ultrafiltration permitted the simultaneous comparison and rank ordering of ligand mixtures for binding to serum albumin. For example, the throughput of these pulsed ultrafiltration measurements was tripled by analyzing three ligands as a mixture.
Distributed MIMO Broadcasting: Reverse Compute-and-Forward and Signal-Space Alignment (2016)

We study a downlink distributed MIMO system where a central unit (CU) broadcasts messages to K' users through K distributed BSs. The CU is connected to the BSs via K independent rate-constrained fronthaul (FH) links. The distributed BSs collectively serve the users through the air. We propose a new network coding based distributed MIMO broadcasting scheme, using reverse compute-and-forward and signal-space alignment. At the CU, a network coding generator matrix is employed for pre network coding of the users' messages. The network coded messages are forwarded to the BSs, where the FH rate-constraint determines the actual number of network-coded messages forwarded to the BSs. At the BSs, linear precoding matrices are designed to create a number of bins, each containing a bunch of spatial streams with aligned signal-spaces. At each user, post physical-layer network coding is employed to compute linear combinations over the NC messages with respect to the bins, which reverses the prenetwork coding and recovers the desired messages. We derive an achievable rate of the proposed scheme based on the existence of NC generator matrix, signal-space alignment precoding matrices, and nested lattice codes. Improved rate and degrees of freedom over existing interference alignment and compress-and-forward schemes are shown. Numerical results demonstrate the performance improvement, e.g., by as much as 70% increase in throughput over benchmark schemes.
Fetal pulse oximetry for fetal assessment in labour (2014)

The addition of fetal pulse oximetry does not reduce overall caesarean section rates. One study found a higher caesarean section rate in the group monitored with fetal pulse oximetry plus CTG, compared with fetal ECG plus CTG. The data provide limited support for the use of fetal pulse oximetry when used in the presence of a nonreassuring CTG, to reduce caesarean section for nonreassuring fetal status. A better method than pulse oximetry is required to enhance the overall evaluation of fetal well-being in labour.
Quantum dynamics simulation with classical oscillators (2013)

In a previous paper [J. S. Briggs and A. Eisfeld, Phys. Rev. A 85, 052111 (2012)] we showed that the time development of the complex amplitudes of $N$ coupled quantum states can be mapped by the time development of positions and velocities of $N$ coupled classical oscillators. Here we examine to what extent this mapping can be realized to simulate the ``quantum,'' properties of entanglement and qubit manipulation. By working through specific examples, e.g., of quantum gate operation, we seek to illuminate quantum and classical differences which hitherto have been treated more mathematically. In addition, we show that important quantum coupled phenomena, such as the Landau-Zener transition and the occurrence of Fano resonances can be simulated by classical oscillators.
Fabrication of inverted opal ZnO photonic crystals by atomic layer deposition (2005)

We have fabricated three-dimensional optically active ZnO photonic crystals by infiltrating polystyrene opal templates using a low-temperature atomic layer deposition process. The polystyrene is removed by firing the samples at elevated temperatures, and reactive ion etching is used to remove the top layer of ZnO and expose the (111) photonic crystal surface. The resulting structures have high filling fractions, possess photonic band gaps in the near-UV to visible spectrum, and exhibit efficient photoluminescence.
Excitations in photonic crystals infiltrated with polarizable media (2001)

Light propagation in a photonic crystal with incomplete band gap, infiltrated with polarizable molecules is considered. We demonstrate that the interplay between the spatial dispersion caused by Bragg diffraction and polaritonic frequency dispersion gives rise to alternative propagating excitations, or photonic-crystal-polaritons (PCP), with intragap frequencies. We derive the PCP dispersion relation and show that it is governed by two parameters, namely, the strength of light-matter interaction and detuning between the Bragg frequency and that of the infiltrated molecules. We also study defect-induced states when the photonic band gap is divided into two subgaps by the PCP branches and find that each defect creates two intragap localized states inside each subgap.
160-Gb/s optically time-division multiplexed link with all-optical demultiplexing (2000)

An ultrafast single-wavelength optically time-division multiplexed (OTDM) link is described. The link exploits a unique integrated, all-optical serial-to-parallel (S/P) converter based on second-harmonic generation that demultiplexes multiple high-speed optical channels with a single operation. The link is composed of five major components: (1) a high-repetition-rate picosecond-pulse source; (2) a planar waveguide multiplexer that incorporates electroabsorption modulators with integral spot-size converters (SSCs); (3) a dispersion-managed (DM) short-pulse fiber channel; (4) a quasi-phase-matched, resonant-cavity-enhanced AlGaAs waveguide designed for surface-emitted second-harmonic generation (SESHG); and (5) a 775-nm receiver optimized for return-to-zero (RZ) operation. We describe our recent advances with resonant cavity enhancement of the all-optical demultiplexer and the first bit error rate (BER) measurements for this demultiplexing scheme.
Cycle Time Reduction Using Design Structure Matrices (1997)

Overview: - Some cycle time reduction challenges - Task-based design structure matrices (DSMs) - How DSM method meets challenges - Part 2: David Grose on applications at Boeing
The Pyridylthioacetmorpholides and Pyridylacetic Acids<sup>1</sup> (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Pyridylthioacetmorpholides and Pyridylacetic Acids1Rodwick L. Malan and Paul M. DeanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 7, 1797–1798Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1947https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01199a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01199a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views743Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Input and output index mappings for a prime-factor-decomposed computation of discrete cosine transform (1989)

A formal direct derivation of the prime-factor-decomposed computation algorithm is presented. The derivation is direct in the sense that it is based on the real cosine function without resort to the discrete Fourier transform expressions or the complex functions. Based on the equations obtained from the derivation, input and output index mappings are introduced in the form of tables. This tabulation enables any prime-factor-decomposable discrete cosine transform (DCT) to be implemented in a straight-forward manner. The use of the index mapping tables is demonstrated for the 12-point DCT.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ultrasonic propagation properties of tissues (1978)

A selected review of ultrasonic propagation in mammalian tissues, organs, and aqueous solutions of biologically pertinent macromolecules is presented. The influence of water and proteinaceous constituents on absorption, attenuation, scattering, and velocity is discussed. It is observed that the ultrasonic propagation properties and organ function form a correspondence allowing for tissue characterization. [Portions of the research reported were supported by the NIH.]
Two-dimensional measurement technique for birefringence vector distributions: data processing and experimental verification (1999)

A two-dimensional measurement method for a birefringence vector distribution differs from a point-measurement method not only in the two-dimensional system nonuniformity but also in the system reliability. The previously proposed intrinsic vector allowed for the elimination of the influence of the system nonuniformity, whereas the two-dimensional system reliability is ensured by both an online diagnosis technique and an image lock-in processing. It is revealed that the measured intrinsic vector is relevant not only with the birefringence vector distribution in a sample but also with the natural birefringence vector distributions that exist in the optic components. The complete solution from the measured intrinsic vector results in a bidirectional vector for the desired birefringence vector distribution. The correctness of the two-dimensional measurement principle is examined by means of a comparison of the measured data with that calculated from a finite-element analysis based on the photoelastic effect.
The Fusion Peptide of Semliki Forest Virus Associates with Sterol-Rich Membrane Domains (2002)

Semliki Forest virus (SFV) is an enveloped alphavirus whose membrane fusion is triggered by low pH and promoted by cholesterol and sphingolipid in the target membrane. Fusion is mediated by E1, a viral membrane protein containing the putative fusion peptide. Virus mutant studies indicate that SFV's cholesterol dependence is controlled by regions of E1 outside of the fusion peptide. Both E1 and E1*, a soluble ectodomain form of E1, interact with membranes in a reaction dependent on low pH, cholesterol, and sphingolipid and form highly stable homotrimers. Here we have used detergent extraction and gradient floatation experiments to demonstrate that E1* associated selectively with detergent-resistant membrane domains (DRMs or rafts). In contrast, reconstituted full-length E1 protein or influenza virus fusion peptide was not associated with DRMs. Methyl beta-cyclodextrin quantitatively extracted both cholesterol and E1* from membranes in the absence of detergent, suggesting a strong association of E1* with sterol. Monoclonal antibody studies demonstrated that raft association was mediated by the proposed E1 fusion peptide. Thus, although other regions of E1 are implicated in the control of virus cholesterol dependence, once the SFV fusion peptide inserts in the target membrane it has a high affinity for membrane domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipid.
Yeast Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (1970)

Yeast aldehyde dehydrogenase and each of two of its active proteolytic digestion products are readily dissociable into subunits which can, in turn, reassociate.The native protein dissociates into four subunits of equal sire.The partially digested enzymes dissociate into the same subunit plus a second, smaller subunit.The data are interpreted in terms of a tetrameric native enzyme, differing from its tetrameric degradation products, of which four are known, in the number of intact and functional subunits.Dissociation and reassociation of one of the hybrid forms resulted in the formation principally of a catalytically active aldehyde dehydrogenase, indistinguishable from the native enzyme.In the presence of a high concentration of guanidine hydrochloride, yeast aldehyde dehydrogenase dissociates into smaller protein units and loses all catalytic activity.On removal or dilution of the dissociating reagent and supplementation with glycerol, activity is regained (1).This reversibly dissociating system presents a distinctive feature in that two additional forms of aldehyde dehydrogenase, derived from the homogeneous protein by proteolytic digestion, have been isolated (2, 3) and are available for comparison.This report summarizes the results of an investigation of the subunit structure of yeast aldehyde dehydrogenase and of the gross parameters for reversible association of the smaller protein units.Although only limiting amounts of the active, proteolytic digestion products of the enzyme are available, it was possible to dissociate them and to characterize the product of reassociation of the degraded proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODSNative yeast aldehyde dehydrogenase, Dehydrogenase A, was prepared in the presence of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (2).Two proteolytic digestion products, Dehydrogenases B and C, were prepared from Dehydrogenase A with phenylmethyl-
User Space Network Drivers (2018)

The rise of user space packet processing frameworks like DPDK and netmap makes low-level code more accessible to developers and researchers. Previously, driver code was hidden in the kernel and rarely modified-or even looked at-by developers working at higher layers. These barriers are gone nowadays, yet developers still treat user space drivers as black-boxes magically accelerating applications. We want to change this: every researcher building network applications should understand the intricacies of the underlying drivers, especially if they impact performance. We present ixy, a user space network driver designed for simplicity and educational purposes. Ixy focuses on the bare essentials of user space packet processing: a packet forwarder including the whole NIC driver uses less than 1000 lines of C code.
An effective fault-tolerant routing methodology for direct networks (2004)

Current massively parallel computing systems are being built with thousands of nodes, which significantly affect the probability of failure. M. E. Gomex proposed a methodology to design fault-tolerant routing algorithms for direct interconnection networks. The methodology uses a simple mechanism: for some source-destination pairs, packets are first forwarded to an intermediate node, and later, from this node to the destination node. Minimal adaptive routing is used along both subpaths. For those cases where the methodology cannot find a suitable intermediate node, it combines the use of intermediate nodes with two additional mechanisms: disabling adaptive routing and using misrouting on a per-packet basis. While the combination of these three mechanisms tolerates a large number of faults, each one requires adding some hardware support in the network and also introduces some overhead. In this paper, we perform an in-depth detailed analysis of the impact of these mechanisms on network behaviour. We analyze the impact of the three mechanisms separately and combined. The ultimate goal of this paper is to obtain a suitable combination of mechanisms that is able to meet the trade-off between fault-tolerance degree, routing complexity, and performance.
ChemInform Abstract: ACTIVATION OF MOLECULAR OXYGEN BY MONOVALENT COPPER SALTS‐ REARRANGEMENT OF ALCOHOLS INTO ALDEHYDES BY THE CUPROUS CHLORIDE AMINE OXYGEN SYSTEM (1977)

Abstract Kombinationen (I) aus CuCl mit Aminen wie Pyridin oder insbesondere Phenanthrolin dienen als Katalysatoren zur Oxidation von Alkoholen zu Aldehyden.