gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Injection-locked 1.55  <b> <i>µ</i> </b> m VCSELs with enhanced spur-free dynamic range (2002)

Injection locking is demonstrated to improve the analogue performance of long wavelength VCSELs. The third-harmonic spur-free dynamic range was improved by 9 dB/Hz2/3 to be 93 dB/Hz2/3, and the modulation bandwidth was increased twofold.
Purification and Characterization of Serine Acetyltransferase from<i>Escherichia coli</i>Partially Truncated at the<i>C</i>-Terminal Region (1999)

Incubation of serine acetyltransferase (SAT) from Escherichia coli at 25 degrees C in the absence of protease inhibitors yielded a truncated SAT. The truncated SAT was much less sensitive to feedback inhibition than the wild-type SAT. Analyses of the N- and C-terminal amino acid sequences found that the truncated SAT designated as SAT delta C20 was a resultant form of the wild-type SAT cleaved between Ser 253 and Met 254, deleting 20 amino acid residues from the C-terminus. Based on these findings, we constructed a plasmid containing an altered cysE gene encoding the truncated SAT. SAT delta C20 was produced using the cells of E. coli JM70 transformed with the plasmid and purified to be homogeneous on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel. Properties of the purified SAT delta C20 were investigated in comparison with those of the wild-type SAT and Met-256-Ile mutant SAT, which was isolated by Denk and Böck but not purified (J. Gen. Microbiol., 133, 515-525 (1987)). SAT delta C20 was composed of four identical subunits like the wild-type SAT and Met-256-Ile mutant SAT. Specific activity, optimum pH for reaction, thermal stability, and stability to reagents for SAT delta C20 were similar those for the wild-type SAT and Met-256-Ile mutant SAT. However, SAT delta C20 did not form a complex with O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase-A (OASS-A), a counterpart of the cysteine synthetase and did not reduce OASS activity in contrast to the wild-type SAT and Met-256-Ile mutant SAT.
Automatic optimization of parallel dataflow programs (2008)

Large-scale parallel dataflow systems, e.g., Dryad and Map-Reduce, have attracted significant attention recently. High-level dataflow languages such as Pig Latin and Sawzall are being layered on top of these systems, to enable faster program development and more maintainable code. These languages engender greater transparency in program structure, and open up opportunities for automatic optimization. This paper proposes a set of optimization strategies for this context, drawing on and extending techniques from the database community. 1
Accelerating Network Traffic Analytics Using Query-Driven Visualization (2006)

Realizing operational analytics solutions where large and complex data must be analyzed in a time-critical fashion entails integrating many different types of technology. This paper focuses on an interdisciplinary combination of scientific data management and visualization/analysis technologies targeted at reducing the time required for data filtering, querying, hypothesis testing and knowledge discovery in the domain of network connection data analysis. We show that use of compressed bitmap indexing can quickly answer queries in an interactive visual data analysis application, and compare its performance with two alternatives for serial and parallel filtering/querying on 2.5 billion records' worth of network connection data collected over a period of 42 weeks. Our approach to visual network connection data exploration centers on two primary factors: interactive ad-hoc and multiresolution query formulation and execution over n dimensions and visual display of the n-dimensional histogram results. This combination is applied in a case study to detect a distributed network scan and to then identify the set of remote hosts participating in the attack. Our approach is sufficiently general to be applied to a diverse set of data understanding problems as well as used in conjunction with a diverse set of analysis and visualization tools
[Supersensitive detection of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and neuroblastoma cells by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction]. (1991)

To facilitate the diagnosis of bone marrow metastasis in neuroblastoma, we have developed a method of amplifying and detecting the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA sequence in bone marrow cell, using a combination of reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR). By this method, the sequence was detected clearly in the neuroblastoma tissues of all 6 patients and not detected in the bone marrow cells of any of the 9 negative control children. In a reconstitution experiment, one neuroblastoma cell per 100,000 normal bone marrow cells could be detected, thus indicating the great sensitivity of the method. Based on these results, this technique may be of value in the diagnosis and treatment follow-up of bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma.
Silane Layers on Silicon Surfaces: Mechanism of Interaction, Stability, and Influence on Protein Adsorption (2011)

In this work the mechanism of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) interaction with silicon surfaces is investigated at the molecular level. We studied the influence of experimental parameters such as time, temperature, and concentration on the quality of the APTES layer in terms of chemical properties, morphology, and stability in aqueous medium. This was achieved using a highly sensitive IR mode recently developed, grazing angle attenuated total reflection (GA-ATR). This technique provides structural information on the formed APTES layer. The topography of this layer was investigated by atomic force microscopy in aqueous medium. The hydrophilicity was also studied using contact angle measurement. Combining these techniques enables discussion of the mechanism of silane grafting. Considerable differences were observed depending on the reaction temperature, room temperature or 90 °C. The data suggest the presence of two adsorption sites with different affinities on the oxidized silicon layer. This also allows the optimal parameters to be established to obtain an ordered and stable silane layer. The adsorption of proteins on the APTES layer was achieved and monitored using in situ quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and ex situ GA-ATR analyses.
<i>In situ</i>XPS analysis of various iron oxide films grown by<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">NO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (1999)

We report on a systematic analysis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) core- and valence-level spectra of clean and well-characterized iron oxide films, i.e., $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3},$ $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3},$ ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}{\mathrm{O}}_{4},$ and ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}.$ All iron oxide films were prepared epitaxially by ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}$-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy on single crystalline MgO(100) and $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(0001)$ substrates. The phase and stoichiometry of the films were controlled precisely by adjusting the ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}$ pressure during growth. The XPS spectrum of each oxide clearly showed satellite structures. These satellite structures were simulated using a cluster-model calculation, which could well reproduce the observed structures by considering the systematic changes in both the Fe $3d$ to O $2p$ hybridization and the $d\ensuremath{-}d$ electron-correlation energy. The small difference in the satellite structures between $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ resulted mainly from changes in the Fe-O hybridization parameters, suggesting an increased covalency in $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ compared to $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}.$ With increasing reduction in the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}{\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ system, the satellite structures in XPS became unresolved. This was not only due to the formation of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$ ions, but also to nonhomogeneous changes in the hybridization parameters between octahedral and tetrahedral ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ ions.
Respiratory Infection with Influenza A Virus Interferes with the Induction of Tolerance to Aeroallergens (2000)

Viral respiratory infections have been implicated in influencing allergen sensitization and the development of asthma, but their exact role remains controversial. Because respiratory exposure to Ag normally engenders T cell tolerance and prevents the development of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and inflammation, we examined the effects of influenza A virus infection on tolerance induced by exposure to intranasal (i.n.) OVA and the subsequent development of AHR. We found that concurrent infection with influenza A abrogated tolerance induced by exposure to i.n. OVA, and instead led to the development of AHR accompanied by the production of OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-gamma. When both IL-4 and IL-5 were neutralized in this system, AHR was still induced, suggesting that influenza-induced cytokines such as IL-13, or mechanisms unrelated to cytokines, might be responsible for the development of AHR. The length of time between influenza A infection and i.n. exposure to OVA was crucial, because mice exposed to i.n. OVA 15-30 days after viral inoculation developed neither AHR nor OVA-specific tolerance. These mice instead acquired Th1-biased OVA-specific immune responses associated with vigorous OVA-induced T cell proliferation, and reduced production of OVA-specific IgE. The protective effect of influenza A on AHR was dependent on IFN-gamma, because protection was abrogated with a neutralizing anti-IFN-gamma mAb. These results suggest that viral respiratory infection interferes with the development of respiratory allergen-induced tolerance, and that the time interval between viral infection and allergen exposure is critical in determining whether viral infection will enhance, or protect against, the development of respiratory allergen sensitization and AHR.
A Challenge to the Undefeated Nasolabial Folds (1987)

Previous attempts to improve the nasolabial folds have been disappointing. By extending the face lift skin dissection to the nasolabial fold and up onto the malar prominence, reducing the fat of this fold by excision, and applying direct posterior retraction to the freed facial skin, rather dramatic improvement in the nasolabial folds have been achieved. This is a preliminary report with a follow-up of 8 months or less.
Measurements of Spray Momentum for the Study of Cavitation in Diesel Injection Nozzles (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In Diesel injection Systems, cavitation often appears in the injection nozzle holes. This paper analyses how cavitation affects the Diesel spray behavior. For this purpose two spray parameters, mass flux and momentum flux, have been measured at different pressure. We know that cavitation brings about the mass flux choke, but there are few studies about how the cavitation affects the momentum and the outlet velocity. The key of this study is just the measurement of the spray momentum under cavitation conditions.</div>
A new image encryption algorithm based on a chaotic DNA substitution method (2012)

This paper presents a novel chaos-based algorithm for image encryption. A 2D chaotic map is used to shuffle the image pixel positions. Substitution (confusion) and permutation (diffusion) operations on every block are combined using two perturbed chaotic PWLCM maps in multiple rounds. Our proposed algorithm uses a new chaotic substitution method based on DNA coding and the complementary rule. Experimental results and comparisons to existing image encryption algorithms are also included that show the high level of security that is obtained.
Instability Of Commercial Pt/C And Pd/C Electrocatalysts In Alkaline Media (2015)

The electrochemical degradation of commercial (E-TEK) Pt and Pd nanoparticles supported on Vulcan XC-72 (noted Pt/C and Pd/C) was performed in NaOH electrolyte solutions. The fate of the electrocatalysts upon accelerated stress test (AST) in alkaline medium was compared to that in acidic (H 2 SO 4 and HClO 4 ) electrolyte solutions. Electrochemical measurements, combined with Identical-Location Transmission Electron Microscopy (ILTEM) demonstrated that the Pt/C catalyst degradation in 0.1 M NaOH at 25°C is extremely severe for a mild accelerated stress test (AST – 150 cycles, at 100 mV sec -1 and 25°C, between 0.1 and 1.23 V vs . RHE), mainly owing to large nanoparticles detachment from the carbon substrate. For Pd/C, an opposite trend is found: the degradations are harsher in acidic environment.
FTIR Imaging of the Dissolution of Polymers. 4. Poly(methyl methacrylate) Using a Cosolvent Mixture (Carbon Tetrachloride/Methanol) (2002)

The dissolution process of poly(methyl methacrylate) in mixtures of methanol and carbon tetrachloride, individually nonsolvents for the polymer (under the conditions of study), was studied at 25 °C using FTIR imaging spectroscopy. To investigate this cosolvency phenomenon, the spatial resolution and sensitivity of FTIR imaging to interactions between the components were used. The results obtained suggest that the dissolution process of the PMMA in a high weight fraction of the CCl4/CH3OD solvent mixtures consists of first the swelling of the PMMA by the CCl4 allowing the methanol to penetrate into the PMMA and specifically interact (hydroxyl−carbonyl hydrogen bonds) with the polymer to separate the polymer chains. Furthermore, the effect of compositions of the solvent mixtures on the dissolution rates is a result of two opposite effects: (i) the ability of the polymer to be swelled (CCl4 fraction) and (ii) the number of specific interactions between the polymer and one of the nonsolvents (methanol fraction).
Geometric Information Makes Spatial Query Processing More Efficient. (1995)

In order to index complex and heterogeneous cartographic data by means of spatial access methods, one typically uses single, simple geometries to approximate the given geometries. Traditionally, no information regarding the quality of the approximation is stored. In this paper, we show that the availability of such information allows us to decide at an early stage that numerous objects fulfill the spatial predicate. This leads to significant performance improvements for the spatial selection as well as for the spatial intersection join. We present two techniques enabling such an early decision for the z-ordering method, and we demonstrate their efficiency by means of experiments. 1 Introduction Fast access to spatial data stored in databases is essential for answering spatial queries efficiently. As a result, numerous spatial access methods have been proposed and studied in the past. The complexity and heterogeneity of spatial data makes it impossible to store cartographic data direc...
Coupled-Transmission-Line Directional Couplers (1958)

Formulas are presented for the design of coupled-transmission-line directional couplers that are rigorous for any value of coupling. Two basic types are treated in detail; the simplest is one-quarter wavelength long at the center of its frequency band, while the other is three-quarter wavelength long. The quarter-wavelength type can be used over an octave of frequencies with approximately consistant coupling, while the three-quarter-wavelength type can be used equally well over more than two two octaves. For example, a -3-db coupler of the first type has a variation of +-0.3 db over a 2:1 band, while the second type has the same variation over a 4.5:1 band. Theoretically both types should have infinite directivity at all frequencies. The experimental results for models of these directional couplers have been found to conform very closely to the theoretical coupling functions, while the directivity, although usually good, is limited by discontinuity effects and constructional tolerances.
Latency-hiding and Optimizations of the DSZOOM Instrumentation System (2003)

An efficient and robust instrumentation tool (or compiler support) is necessary for an efficient implementation of fine-grain software-based shared memory systems (SW-DSMs). The DSZOOM system, developed by the Uppsala Architecture Research Team (UART) at Uppsala University, is a sequentially consistent fine-grained SW-DSM originally developed using Executable Editing Library (EEL)—a binary modification tool from University of Wisconsin-Madison. In this paper, we identify several weaknesses of this original approach and present a new and simple tool for assembler instrumentation: Sparc Assembler Instrumentation Tool (SAIT). This tool can instrument (modify) a highly optimized assembler output from the compiler for the newest UltraSPARC processors. Currently, the focus of the tool is load-, store-, and load-store-instrumentation. By using the SAIT, we develop and present several low-level instrumentation optimization techniques that significantly improve the performance of the original DSZOOM system. One of the presented techniques is a write permission cache (WPC), a latency-hiding mechanism for memory-store operations, that can lower the instrumentation overheads for some applications (as much as 45% for LU-cont, running on two nodes with 8 processors each). Finally, we demonstrate that this new DSZOOM system executes faster than the old one for all 13 applications studied, from the SPLASH-2 benchmark suite. Execution time improvement factors range from 1.07 to 2.82 (average 1.73).
Magnetic filtration of feedwater corrosion products (1978)

Copper deposits on the high pressure turbine of two 2600 psig drum boilers were causing significant loss of generating capacity at two power plants. An on-site pilot plant test program was undertaken to determine the ability of a high-gradient magnetic filter to remove copper and to operate in the high-temperature portion of a feedwater heater cycle. The procedures and results are described. It was concluded that these filters can effectively remove copper particles under both start-up and full-load conditions, with the degree of particle removal dependent on the soluble-to-insoluble ratio; the high gradient magnetic filter can operate at elevated temperatures and pressures; flow velocity and matrix configuration have a larger effect on capture than does magnetic field intensity; steam generator chemistry and, in particular, hydrazine concentration, has a large effect on filter performance; very small (submicron) particles can be removed; and matrix integrity or attack does not appear to be a problem under the conditions tested.
Impulse response of photoconductors in transmission lines (1983)

The response of high-speed photoconductors to picosecond optical pulses is analyzed by representing them as time-varying circuit elements in transmission lines. Expressions are derived for transmitted and reflected waves for photoconductors used both as pulse generators and sampling gates. These results are then used to determine the correlated response of pairs of photoconductors in different transmission line networks. The results provide a basis for estimating the limiting speed of response of this approach to very high-speed electronic measurements.
Application of NaI(T1) Scintillation Detector to Measurement of Tritium Concentration (1977)

Measurements of tritium concentration in various media have been successfully performed by detecting with an ordinary NaI(Tl) scintillation counter the bremsstrahlung emitted from tritium decay. To distinguish meaningful signals from noises emanating mainly from thermoelectrons present in the phototube, differences in rise time were discriminated by means of an electronic circuit, instead of separation by pulse height analysis. This pulse-shape discriminator successfully reduced noise counts below 18 keV in a multichannel analyzer from 100 cpm to 4 cpm, which permitted direct counting of tritiated water as dilute as 1 μCi/ml, without requiring any complicated preparation.
Irradiated breast cancer patients demonstrate subgroup-specific regularities in protein expression patterns of circulating leukocytes. (2008)

Characteristic expression patterns in circulating leukocytes might provide novel molecular targets for prediction of therapy side-effects and improve individual therapy planning for breast cancer patients, thus avoiding unnecessary and excessive treatment-related toxicity. Molecular candidates and specific patterns are demonstrated in this work.
On the Specificity of Neuraminidase. Synthesis and Properties of the 2-Aminoethyl α- and the 2-Pyridyl α- and β-Ketosides of<i>Ν</i>-Acetyl-D-neuraminic Acid (1972)

Article On the Specificity of Neuraminidase. Synthesis and Properties of the 2-Aminoethyl α- and the 2-Pyridyl α- and β-Ketosides of Ν-Acetyl-D-neuraminic Acid was published on January 1, 1972 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 353, issue 2).
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR A QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM OF FRESH FRUITS IN FRUIT CENTERS AND HYPERMARKETS (2008)

When the fresh fruit reaches the final markets from the suppliers, its quality is not always as good as it should, either because it has been mishandled during transportation or because it lacks an adequate quality control at the producer level, before being shipped. This is why it is necessary for the final markets to establish their own quality assessment system if they want to ensure to their customers the quality they want to sell. In this work, commissioned by a multinational hypermarket enterprise, a system to control fruit quality at the last level of the distribution channel has been designed, after gathering information about the movement of commodities inside company and its requirements. The system combines rapid control techniques with laboratory equipment and statistical sampling protocols, to obtain a dynamic, objective process, which can substitute advantageously the quality control inspections carried out visually by human experts at the reception platform of most trade centers as the one studied. Portable measuring equipment have been chosen (firmness tester, temperature and humidity sensors...) as well as easy-to-use laboratory equipment (texturometer, colorimeter, refractometer...) combining them to control the most important fruit quality parameters (firmness, color, sugars, acids). A complete computer network has been outlined to control all the processes and store the collected data in real time, and to perform the computations. The sampling methods have been also defined to guarantee the confidence of the results. Some of the advantages of a quality assessment system as the proposed one are: the minimization of human subjectivity, the ability to use modern measuring techniques, and the possibility of using
Brain Amyloid Imaging — FDA Approval of Florbetapir F18 Injection (2012)

The FDA has approved a new radiopharmaceutical agent to assist in detecting causes of cognitive impairment other than Alzheimer's disease. But unique features of imaging information obtained with florbetapir F18 injection require careful consideration in diagnosis.
JPEG 2000 and WSQ Image Compression Interoperability (2001)

This report explores the degree of compatibility between the wavelet-based WSQ fingerprint compression standard and JPEG 2000 compression standard, with a view towards identifying coexistence or potential migration paths. Theoretical comparison of the two standards led to the introduction of three new elements into JPEG 2000. A prototype WSQ-to-JPEG 2000 transcoder that was developed exploiting these new elements was used to test the viability of transcoding, examine errors introduced, and measure changes in file size. Results of fingerprint compression with JPEG 2000 Part 1 alone and successive recompression with WSQ and JPEG 2000 Part 1 also are presented.