gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrin α2β1 regulates collagen I tethering to modulate hyperresponsiveness in reactive airway disease models (2021)

Severe asthma remains challenging to manage and has limited treatment options. We have previously shown that targeting smooth muscle integrin α5β1 interaction with fibronectin can mitigate the effects of airway hyperresponsiveness by impairing force transmission. In this study, we show that another member of the integrin superfamily, integrin α2β1, is present in airway smooth muscle and capable of regulating force transmission via cellular tethering to the matrix protein collagen I and, to a lesser degree, laminin-111. The addition of an inhibitor of integrin α2β1 impaired IL-13-enhanced contraction in mouse tracheal rings and human bronchial rings and abrogated the exaggerated bronchoconstriction induced by allergen sensitization and challenge. We confirmed that this effect was not due to alterations in classic intracellular myosin light chain phosphorylation regulating muscle shortening. Although IL-13 did not affect surface expression of α2β1, it did increase α2β1-mediated adhesion and the level of expression of an activation-specific epitope on the β1 subunit. We developed a method to simultaneously quantify airway narrowing and muscle shortening using 2-photon microscopy and demonstrated that inhibition of α2β1 mitigated IL-13-enhanced airway narrowing without altering muscle shortening by impairing the tethering of muscle to the surrounding matrix. Our data identified cell matrix tethering as an attractive therapeutic target to mitigate the severity of airway contraction in asthma.
New Methods in Peptide Mapping for the Characterization of Proteins (1995)

Peptide Mapping to Characterize Subtle Modifications in the Analysis of Protein Pharmaceuticals, V.T. Ling, M.L. Eng, P.-J. Lee, R.G. Keck, B.A. Keyt, and E.Canova-Davis The Optimization of Peptide Mapping via Computer Simulation, L.R. Snyder The Use of Capillary Electrophoresis for Peptide Mapping of Proteins, E. Rickard and J. Towns Packed Capillary HPLC-ELectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, J. Stults, B.L. Gillece-Castro, W.J. Henzel, J.H. Bourell, K.L. O'Connell, and L.M. Nuwaysir Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry in Peptide Mapping, J. Wahl, H. Udseth, and R. Smith Analyzing Reversed Phase Peptide Maps of Recombinant Glycoproteins, A. Guzzetta, W. Hancock Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry for Peptide Mapping, P. Lecchi and R. Caprioli
L-4F treatment reduces adiposity, increases adiponectin levels, and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice (2008)

We hypothesized that the apolipoprotein mimetic peptide L-4F, which induces arterial anti-oxidative enzymes and is vasoprotective in a rat model of diabetes, would ameliorate insulin resistance and diabetes in obese mice. L-4F (2 mg/kg/d) administered to ob/ob mice for 6 weeks limited weight gain without altering food intake, decreased visceral (P < 0.02) and subcutaneous (P < 0.045) fat content, decreased plasma IL-1beta and IL-6 levels (P < 0.05) and increased insulin sensitivity, resulting in decreased glucose (P < 0.001) and insulin (P < 0.036) levels. In addition, L-4F treatment increased aortic and bone marrow heme oxygenase (HO) activity and decreased aortic and bone marrow superoxide production (P < 0.001). L-4F treatment increased serum adiponectin levels (P < 0.037) and decreased adipogenesis in mouse bone marrow (P < 0.039) and in cultures of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (P < 0.022). This was manifested by reduced adiposity, improved insulin sensitivity, improved glucose tolerance, increased plasma adiponectin levels, and reduced IL-1beta and IL-6 levels in obese mice. This study highlights the existence of a temporal relationship between HO-1 and adiponectin that is positively affected by L-4F in the ob/ob mouse model of diabetes, resulting in the amelioration of the deleterious effects of diabetes.
Maneuvering operations of the quadruped walking robot on the slope (2002)

On the assumption that a quadruped robot works on a slope, we discuss how to make it prevent tumbling over. The larger the difference becomes between the potential energy of the center of gravity of the initial position and that of the highest position after its rotating, the less the robot tumbles. So this difference can be regarded as stability margin, and a novel gait to obtain largest stability margin is mentioned here. It is an intermittent crawl gait. Its energy stability contour (consisting of equal stability points on the inclined plane) is helpful in the design of standard foot trajectories. An optimal posture on the slope, designed in this way, results in inverse trapezoid shape, which means that upper two legs are located wider than lower two ones. This form worked for the experimental machine, TITAN VII. Furthermore, if the standard trajectory for one direction is combined with another direction trajectory, the quadruped robot can easily switch its proceeding directions, keeping enough stability margin. This sequence is shown.
전문대학 식품영양과의 교육연한 연장에 관한 연구 (1991)

The purpose of this study Is to prove the propriety of prolongation in educational term of department of food and nutrition at junior college in Korea in order to Improve the quality of dietitian by giving substantial education. The prolongation of educational term from two to three years is necessary to cultivate a more excellent dietitian because of the following three reasons. First, the freshmen in junior colleges are poor in basic scholastic ability which is needed for the study of nutrition science. Second, many new subjects which will support the new rollers of dietitian, in accordance with social changes, should be supplemented In curriculum. Third, the subject of spot-practice for dietitian should be established as a regular course in curriculum.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia vaccines, historic highlights, present situation and hopes. (2003)

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a contagious infection of cattle caused by a mycoplasma, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC (MmmSC). It induces lesions of pleuropneumonia in acute cases and the formation of pulmonary "sequestra" in chronic cases. The disease is prevalent mostly in Africa, where it is responsible for high losses, but it has also been sporadically present in Southern Europe until 1999. Vaccination is now prohibited in most countries except in Africa. An empirical "inoculation" procedure was developed as early as 1852 in Europe but it may have been used even earlier in Africa. The inoculation of pleural fluid was performed at the tip of the tail in Europe and on the bridge of the nose in Africa. It conferred good protection but induced a high number of fatal cases. Various inactivated preparations have been tested in the past with inconclusive results leading sometime to some protection and some other time to a sensitisation of the immunised animals. Such preparations have never been used in the field. Attenuated MmmSC strains have been developed in the 1950s and used extensively in the field both in Africa and Australia. The best known vaccine strains are KH3J, T1/44 and T1sr. Vaccination campaigns have succeeded in reducing considerably the CBPP prevalence in these two continents but eradication was achieved in Australia only by switching to strict measures of animal movement control and a stamping-out policy. The search for new CBPP vaccines has become a major issue for African countries that are facing an increase in outbreaks. The rationale for this search is based on a better understanding of the mycoplasma virulence mechanisms that could lead to a targeted attenuation of MmmSC strains. It is also based on a better understanding of the bovine immune response that may be driven to a pathogenic inflammatory response or conversely to a better balanced response leading to protection.
A PLANAR, RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE LAUNCHER AND EXTRACTOR FOR A DUAL-MODED RF POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (2000)

The desire to reduce the amount of low-loss, circular-waveguide delay line required in a pulse-compressing power distribution system for the Next Linear Collider has led to the pursuit of multi-moded schemes [1]. In such a system, power is delivered to different destinations through the same waveguide via different propagating modes. Current plans [2] utilize two modes, with manipulations done primarily in overmoded rectangular guide. We describe two key components of the system, a four-input/four-output, dual-mode launcher and an extractor for diverting one mode from the delay line to an accelerator feed while allowing the other to pass on to an upstream feed. These novel passive waveguide devices utilize the rectangular TE10 and TE20 modes. Because they must carry up to 600 MW pulsed rf power, H-planar symmetry is maintained in their designs to allow the use of overheight waveguide, and features that invite breakdown, such as coupling slots, irises, and septa, are avoided. Special rectangular-to-circular tapers [3] will be used to convert between the above modes and the circular TE11{sup o} (TE12{sup o}) and TE01{sup o} delay line modes, respectively. Rectangular waveguide for relative ease of handling. Mode converters, including special cross-section tapers [3] will be used to transform between the above circular waveguide modes and the TE20 and TE10 rectangular waveguide modes, respectively.
An easy method for the preparation of 4‐acylisoxazoles from <i>C(α),O</i>‐dianions of oximes (1976)

Abstract Several C(α),O ‐dilithiooximes of aromatic ketones were condensed with aroyl chlorides. The presumed diacyl intermediates were not isolated, and the reaction mixtures containing them were acid‐cyclized to give 4‐acylisoxazoles in 22–62% yield.
Accurate and real-time depth video acquisition using Kinect–stereo camera fusion (2014)

This paper presents a Kinect–stereo camera fusion system that significantly improves the accuracy of depth map acquisition. The typical Kinect depth map suffers from missing depth values and errors, resulting from a single Kinect input. To ameliorate such problems, the proposed system couples a Kinect with a stereo RGB camera to provide an additional disparity map. Kinect depth map and the disparity map are efficiently fused in real time by exploiting a spatiotemporal Markov random field framework on a graphics processing unit. An efficient temporal data cost is proposed to maintain the temporal coherency between frames. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed system on challenging real-world examples. Experimental results confirm that the proposed system is robust and accurate in depth video acquisition.
A Novel Model Based on AdaBoost and Deep CNN for Vehicle Classification (2018)

Real-time vehicle classification is an important issue in intelligent transport systems. In this paper, we propose a novel model to classify five distinct groups of vehicle images from actual life based on AdaBoost algorithm and deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model attains the highest classification accuracy of 99.50% on the test data set, while it takes only 28 ms to identify a vehicle image. This performance significantly outperforms the traditional algorithms, such as SIFT-SVM, HOG-SVM, and SURF-SVM. Moreover, the proposed deep CNN-based feature extractor has less parameters, thereby occupies much smaller storage resources as compared with the state-of-the-art CNN models. The high prediction accuracy and low storage cost confirm the effectiveness of our proposed model for vehicle classification in real time.
An oxygen sensing system based on the phosphorescence quenching of metalloporphyrin thin film on alumina plates (2000)

Optical oxygen sensors based on the phosphorescence quenching of tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) metal complex (platinum, palladium and metal-free complexes) chemisorption films onto alumina plates were developed. The phosphorescence intensity of TCPP metal complex films decreased with increasing oxygen concentration, indicating that the films can be used as an optical oxygen sensing device based on phosphorescence quenching by oxygen. The ratio I0/I100, where I0 and I100 represent the detected phosphorescence intensities from a film exposed to 100% argon and 100% oxygen, respectively, as a sensitivity of the sensing films are estimated to be 16.5 for PtTCPP, 17.7 for PdTCPP and 2.58 for H2TCPP, showing that the PtTCPP and PdTCPP films are highly sensitive devices for oxygen concentration. These films obeyed Stern–Volmer plots with multi-site models and possessed good operational stability. Response times were 8.6 s for PtTCPP, 36 s for PdTCPP and 3.4 s for H2TCPP for argon saturated to oxygen saturated conditions and 50.0 s for PtTCPP, 148 s for PdTCPP and 15 s for H2TCPP for the reverse conditions. These sensing films are stable against irradiation and exhibit minimal decrease (ca. 7%) in initial intensity after continuous irradiation for 24 h.
Pentacyclic Furanosteroids: The Synthesis of Potential Kinase Inhibitors Related to Viridin and Wortmannolone (2009)

A regiocontrolled intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction of an o-benzoquinone followed by an intramolecular nitrile oxide cyclization is employed to prepare the BCD fragment of viridin. The AE segment is attached to it by means of an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of an o-benzoquinone monoketal generated in situ from tricycle 15 and 5-trimethylsilyl-2E,4E-pentadienol 20. The silyl substituent at C-1 of the pentacyclic product directs the dihydroxylation of the C2-C3 double bond to its beta-face. Various transformations of the 1alpha-trimethylsilyl-2beta,3beta-dihydroxy pentacycle into several others with oxygen substituents in ring A are described. One of these products 40 possesses the same structure and relative stereochemistry in rings A, B, and E as that of the natural product wortmannolone 3.
Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Collagen Mrna Levels in Short Term Chondrocyte Cultures (1988)

Chondrocytes isolated from 16 day chicken embryo sterna and adult (18 month) bovine metacarpalphalangeal joint cartilage were grown in monolayer culture for up to 5 days in the presence and absence of ascorbate (50 micrograms/ml). RNA was isolated from these cultures and the steady-state levels of alpha 1(I), alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(II) mRNAs were assayed using cloned DNA probes encoding the respective procollagen mRNAs. Both ascorbate-treated and control chicken chondrocytes maintained the characteristic morphology and phenotype synthesizing the same levels of type II procollagen mRNA observed for sternal chondrocytes. The chicken chondrocytes, with or without ascorbate, did not synthesize increased levels of alpha 1(I) or alpha 2(I) mRNA. In contrast, when bovine articular chondrocytes were cultured with ascorbate, an increase in type II procollagen mRNA and, more interestingly, an increase in type I procollagen mRNA was observed during the 5 day culture period. Low levels of type I procollagen mRNA were detected in untreated chicken and bovine cultured chondrocytes and chicken chondrocytes isolated from sterna. These experiments suggest that when cultured in the presence of ascorbate under the conditions examined, chicken embryo chondrocytes retain the differentiated phenotype unaffected by ascorbic acid while bovine articular chondrocytes begin to undergo a phenotypic change.
Left Atrial Longitudinal Strain Parameters Predict Postoperative Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Following Mitral Valve Surgery: A Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Study (2013)

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is common after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has been applied recently for evaluation of LA function. The purpose of this study was to examine whether left atrial longitudinal strain measured by STE is a predictor for the development of POAF following mitral valve surgery for severe mitral regurgitation. We studied 53 patients undergoing mitral valve surgery in sinus rhythm at the time of surgery. Echocardiography with evaluation of LA strain by STE was performed. Detection of POAF was based on documentation of AF episodes by continuous telemetry throughout hospitalization. Patients who did not develop POAF were taken as group 1 and those who had POAF constituted group 2. The echocardiographic and clinical predictors of POAF were investigated. POAF occurred in 28.3% of subjects. Mean age, LAVi and BNP were found higher in group 2 while peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) (13.9 ± 3.8% vs. 24.8 ± 7.3%; P < 0.001), peak atrial contraction strain (PACS) (7.6 ± 1.95% vs. 11.3 ± 3.5%; P < 0.001) were significantly lower. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, PALS and LAVi were independent predictor of POAF development. LA longitudinal strain was found to predict POAF in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. It could be used to better identify patients at greater risk of developing POAF, and thus to guide in risk stratification and to take appropriate intensive prophylactic therapy.
SH-Type Leaky Surface Waves on Rotated Y-Cut LiTaO<sub>3</sub> Substrates with a Ferroelectric Inversion Layer (1991)

The SH-type leaky surface wave on a 35° rotated Y -cut LiTaO 3 substrate with a ferroelectric inversion layer is theoretically analyzed and the propagation characteristics are described. The calculated results show that the attenuation of the leaky SAW varies periodically with the product of the inversion layer thickness and the wave number, and the leaky wave reduces to a non-leaky surface wave at certain values of the product. The phase velocity of the leaky surface wave decreases and the concentration of the displacement to the surface is improved by a quasi electric-field short-circuiting effect of the domain boundary. It is also shown that the second mode exists in the substrate with a metallized surface.
Optimum antenna polarizations for target discrimination in clutter (1979)

The concept of Stokes vectors and Stokes target operators is used to obtain optimum antenna polarizations for target discrimination in the presence of background clutter. The analysis involves a constrained maximization of the ratio of two bilinear forms, representing the signal-to-interference power ratio.
Purification and characterization of the cytochrome bd complex from Azotobacter vinelandii: comparison to the complex from Escherichia coli (1994)

Partial purification of a cytochrome bd complex from Azotobacter vinelandii grown under high aeration was achieved by isolating respiratory particles enriched in this hemoprotein via differential centrifugation and detergent extraction. The cytochrome bd complex was subsequently solubilized from the inner membrane with dodecyl maltoside and purified to near homogeneity via DEAE-Sepharose chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the complex consisted of two subunits, with sizes in good agreement with those predicted from the cloned cyd locus (59.7 and 42 kDa). Spectral analysis of the purified complex indicated that the heme components present were cytochromes b560, b595, and d; CO difference spectral studies identified cytochrome d as a CO-reactive component. The complex had a Km for ubiquinol-1 approximately seven times larger than that for the analogous bd complex from Escherichia coli, and O2 consumption curves revealed a Km value for O2 three times greater than that which we determined for the E. coli bd complex.
The kinetics of the enzyme-substrate compound of peroxidase. 1943. (1999)

Under the narrow range of experimental conditions, and at a temperature of approximately 25 degrees, the following data were obtained. 1. The equilibrium constant of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide has a minimum value of 2 x 10(-8). 2. The velocity constant for the formation of peroxidase-H2O2 Complex I is 1.2 x 10(7) liter mole-1 sec.-1, +/- 0.4 x 10(7). 3. The velocity constant for the reversible breakdown of peroxidase-H2O2 Complex I is a negligible factor in the enzyme-substrate kinetics and is calculated to be less than 0.2 sec.-1. 4. The velocity constant, k3, for the enzymatic breakdown of peroxidase-H2O2 Complex I varies from nearly zero to higher than 5 sec.-1, depending upon the acceptor and its concentration. The quotient of k3 and the leucomalachite green concentration is 3.0 x 10(4) liter mole-1 sec.-1. For ascorbic acid this has a value of 1.8 x 10(5) liter mole-1 sec.-1. 5. For a particular acceptor concentration, k3 is determined solely from the enzyme-substrate kinetics and is found to be 4.2 sec.-1. 6. For the same conditions, k3 is determined from a simple relationship derived from mathematical solutions of the Michaelis theory and is found to be 5.2 sec.-1. 7. For the same conditions, k3 is determined from the over-all enzyme action and is found to be 5.1 sec.-1. 8. The Michaelis constant determined from kinetic data alone is found to be 0.44 x 10(-6). 9. The Michaelis constant determined from steady state measurements is found to be 0.41 x 10(-6). 10. The Michaelis constant determined from measurement of the overall enzyme reaction is found to be 0.50 x 10(-6). 11. The kinetics of the enzyme-substrate compound closely agree with mathematical solutions of an extension of the Michaelis theory obtained for experimental values of concentrations and reaction velocity constants. 12. The adequacy of the criteria by which experiment and theory were correlated has been examined critically and the mathematical solutions have been found to be sensitive to variations in the experimental conditions. 13. The critical features of the enzyme-substrate kinetics are Pmax, and curve shape, rather than t1/2. t1/2 serves as a simple measure of dx/dt. 14. A second order combination of enzyme and substrate to form the enzyme-substrate compound, followed by a first order breakdown of the compound, describes the activity of peroxidase for a particular acceptor concentration. 15. The kinetic data indicate a bimolecular combination of acceptor and enzyme-substrate compound.
Anthocyanin Characterization, Total Phenolic Quantification and Antioxidant Features of Some Chilean Edible Berry Extracts (2014)

The anthocyanin composition and HPLC fingerprints of six small berries endemic of the VIII region of Chile were investigated using high resolution mass analysis for the first time (HR-ToF-ESI-MS). The antioxidant features of the six endemic species were compared, including a variety of blueberries which is one of the most commercially significant berry crops in Chile. The anthocyanin fingerprints obtained for the fruits were compared and correlated with the antioxidant features measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the superoxide anion scavenging activity assay (SA), and total content of phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins measured by spectroscopic methods. Thirty one anthocyanins were identified, and the major ones were quantified by HPLC-DAD, mostly branched 3-O-glycosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and malvidin. Three phenolic acids (feruloylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and neochlorogenic acid) and five flavonols (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercetin, rutin, myricetin and isorhamnetin) were also identified. Calafate fruits showed the highest antioxidant activity (2.33 ± 0.21 μg/mL in the DPPH assay), followed by blueberry (3.32 ± 0.18 μg/mL), and arrayán (5.88 ± 0.21), respectively.