gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Volatile Semiochemicals Released from Undamaged Cotton Leaves (A Systemic Response of Living Plants to Caterpillar Damage) (1996)

Cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.), attacked by herbivorous insects release volatile semiochemicals (chemical signals) that attract natural enemies of the herbivores to the damaged plants. We found chemical evidence that volatiles are released not only at the damaged site but from the entire cotton plant. The release of volatiles was detected from upper, undamaged leaves after 2 to 3 d of continuous larval damage on lower leaves of the same plant. Compounds released systemically were (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-[beta]-ocimene, linalool, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-[beta]-farnesene, (E,E)-[alpha]-farnesene, and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene. All systemically released compounds are known to be induced by caterpillar damage and are not released in significant amounts by undamaged plants. Other compounds, specifically indole, isomeric hexenyl butyrates, and 2-methylbutyrates, known to be released by cotton in response to caterpillar damage, were not released systemically. However, when upper, undamaged leaves of a caterpillar-damaged plant were damaged with a razor blade, they released isomeric hexenyl butyrates, 2-methylbutyrates, and large amounts of constitutive compounds in addition to the previously detected induced compounds. Control plants, damaged with a razor blade in the same way, did not release isomeric hexenyl butyrates or 2-methylbutyrates and released significantly smaller amounts of constitutive compounds. Indole was not released systemically, even after artificial damage.
Increased Assurance of Drill Cuttings Re-Injection - Challenges, Recent Advances and Case Studies (2004)

Abstract The handling of drill cuttings and wastes is both an environmental and economic issue in drilling operations. With ever-tightening environmental regulations and the green operation initiatives of operators, drill cuttings re-injection (CRI) into a subsurface geology often is the preferred option as it allows operators to achieve zero discharge since oily cuttings are returned to their place of origin. When the technology started about a decade ago, injection into a single well had a maximum slurry volume of approximately 30,000 bbl. Now, particularly in very large projects, several million barrels of slurry may be injected into a single well. This represents more than a 1000 times the volume of a typical hydraulic fracturing job or more than 100 times that of those earlier cuttings re-injections. In some cases, the success of the CRI operation is critical because there either are no back-up options or the economic and environmental impacts are too significant. This paper describes the challenges faced in CRI projects, along with recent advances and experiences gained in tackling these challenges through modeling, cuttings slurry and operational procedure design, monitoring and verification. For example, much progress has been made recently in slurry rheology design and operational procedure selection such as suspension/displacing to avoid loss of injectivity and to maximize disposal capacity and minimize HSE issues. The authors also will present a risk-based approach, which integrates deterministic software and tools, available data, knowledge and experience, for modeling of geological and operational uncertainties and potential risks to increase the quality assurance. Case examples will be presented to illustrate the value of this integrated approach. Best practice guidelines and recommendations will be provided on data collection, design and engineering, operation and monitoring.
Monitoring Profile Trajectories with Dynamic Time Warping Alignment (2014)

In conventional profile monitoring problems, profiles for products or process runs are assumed to have the same length. Statistical monitoring cannot be implemented until a complete profile is obtained. However, in certain cases, a single profile may require several days to generate, so it is important to monitor the profile trajectory to detect unexpected changes during the long processing cycle. Motivated by an ingot growth process in semiconductor manufacturing, we propose a method for monitoring growth profile trajectories of unequal lengths. The profiles are first aligned using the dynamic time warping algorithm and then averaged to generate a baseline. Online monitoring of trajectories is performed based on incomplete growth profiles. Both simulations and an actual application are used to demonstrate the use of the proposed method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A moving target defense mechanism for MANETs based on identity virtualization (2013)

Mechanisms for continuously changing or shifting a system's attack surface are emerging as game-changers in cyber security. In this paper, we propose a novel defense mechanism for protecting the identity of nodes in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and defeat the attacker's reconnaissance efforts. The proposed mechanism turns a classical attack mechanism - Sybil - into an effective defense mechanism, with legitimate nodes periodically changing their virtual identity in order to increase the uncertainty for the attacker. To preserve communication among legitimate nodes, we modify the network layer by introducing (i) a translation service for mapping virtual identities to real identities; (ii) a protocol for propagating updates of a node's virtual identity to all legitimate nodes; and (iii) a mechanism for legitimate nodes to securely join the network. We show that the proposed approach is robust to different types of attacks, and also show that the overhead introduced by the update protocol can be controlled by tuning the update frequency.
A New Relaying Algorithm to Detect Loss of Excitation of Synchronous Generators (2007)

A new digital relaying algorithm is introduced for the protection of synchronous generators against loss of excitation conditions. The new algorithm is based on measuring of the 3-phase reactive power output of the machines, and monitors the direction and magnitude of leading reactive power at the generator terminal. The protection algorithm is designed such that it can provide reliable protection against loss of field conditions and remains stable during recoverable power system swing conditions. While the new relay produces a trip signal for partial loss of field conditions causing the machine to lose its stability, it remains stable for the partial loss of field conditions that can be corrected via machine excitation and AVRsystems. Key Words: Digital relaying, generator protection, reactive power, loss of field, capability curve.
Structure and Biological Activity of Some Reduction Products of Strychnine, Brucine, and Their Congeners (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and Biological Activity of Some Reduction Products of Strychnine, Brucine, and Their CongenersRichard. Rees and Herchel. SmithCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 4, 624–627Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00316a023https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00316a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
제주도 관광지의 리포지셔닝 : 국내 경쟁관광지와의 비교 (2003)

If one considers the landslide proportion of domestic goers among Jeju visitors albeit the rehabilitation and internationalization efforts with an aid of the so called `free international city` strategies, maintaining of existing domestic market segment is still an important area for the policy-makers. In this context authors purport to find repositioning strategies of Jeju Island against the inland competitors, with observing the creative attractiveness, if any, of the Jeju resorts. With the multi-dimensional scaling method, authors analyze the relative position of the tourist`s perceptions of Jeju Island compared with other competing provinces or place of interests as destinations such as Kyongju City, and Mt. Keumkang and both provinces of .Kangwon and Kyounggi.
Organic Compounds of Uranium. V. Derivatives of Uranium(V) Alkoxides (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic Compounds of Uranium. V. Derivatives of Uranium(V) AlkoxidesR. G. Jones, E. Bindschadler, D. Blume, G. Karmas, G. A. Martin Jr., J. R. Thirtle, and H. GilmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 23, 6027–6030Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01604a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01604a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views129Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gold absorbing film for a composite bolometer (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Mark Dragovan and S. Harvey Moseley, "Gold absorbing film for a composite bolometer," Appl. Opt. 23, 654-656 (1984) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptors in Chronic Renal Failure (1991)

A depression of the general immune response in uremia is well documented, and hemodialyzed (HD) patients present deficient interleukin-2 (IL2) secretion. Since soluble IL2 receptors (SIL2R) could affect the immune response through interaction with circulating immune cells, we studied the potential relationship between SIL2R concentration and lymphocyte subsets in 44 HD patients. HD patients present lymphopenia, higher CD4/CD8 ratio. CD16 counts and SIL2R concentrations than controls. A significant negative correlation was found between SIL2R concentration and lymphocyte count (p less than 0.01), and between SIL2R concentration and T4/T8 ratio (p less than 0.01). An increase of SIL2R concentration due to abnormal T cell preactivation in HD patients with nonreused cuprophan membranes could perhaps contribute to cell immunity impairment through IL2 binding and inhibition of T cell activation.
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy of Morphology and Apoptosis in Organogenesis-Stage Mouse Embryos (2003)

In our efforts to use confocal laser scanning microscopy for study of organogenesisstage rodent embryos, we have developed fixation and clearing methods to allow optical sectioning through embryos with thickness approaching 1 mm (z-axis). We have combined fixation and clearing methods with fluorochrome staining for several purposes. In this chapter we present two methods; first, clearing with methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) and staining with Nile blue sulfate (NBS) (not used as a vital dye for this protocol) for general morphological assessment, and second, staining live embryos with the vital stain LysoTracker® Red (LT), followed by fixation and clearing with benzyl alcohol∶benzyl benzoate (BABB) to visualize areas of apoptosis (see Note 1, ref. 1). With both protocols, an entire organogenesis-stage rodent embryo can be optically sectioned and reconstructed in three dimensions (3-D) to reveal areas of dye staining.
Associations between HLA Frequencies and Pathogenic Features of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Seroconverters from the Amsterdam Cohort of Homosexual Men (1994)

HLA-disease associations may be important for understanding the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Therefore, 106 homosexual men from the Amsterdam Cohort Study on AIDS with a known date of HIV-1 seroconversion were serologically typed for HLA. Several significant associations between HLA type and pathogenic features of HIV-1 infection were observed: Subjects with fever and skin rash during primary HIV-1 infection showed an increased frequency of HLA-B62 (relative risk [RR], 5.8; P = .005). The frequency of HLA-B35 was increased in subjects with a rapid decline in CD4+ T lymphocytes (RR, 3.2; P = .021). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between HLA-B35 and a decrease in CD4+ cells to < 200/microL (P = .01). The strongest association was found between HLA-DR1 and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (RR, 22.5; P < .001), also confirmed in survival analysis (P = .001). In AIDS patients with only opportunistic infections, increased frequencies of HLA-DR3 (P = .011) and -DQ2 (P = .007) were observed. Finally, the occurrence of syncytium-inducing HIV-1 variants was significantly associated with HLA-DQ2 (P = .01).
Alterations in gp37 Expand the Host Range of a T4-Like Phage (2017)

The use of phages as antibacterial agents is limited by their generally narrow host ranges. The aim of this study was to make a T4-like phage, WG01, obtain the host range of another T4-like phage, QL01, by replacing its host-determinant gene region with that of QL01. This process triggered a direct expansion of the WG01 host range. The offspring of WG01 obtained the host ranges of both QL01 and WG01, as well as the ability to infect eight additional host bacteria in comparison to the wild-type strains. WQD had the widest host range; therefore, the corresponding fragments, named QD, could be used for constructing a homologous sequence library. Moreover, after a sequencing analysis of gene 37, we identified two different mechanisms responsible for the expanded host range: (i) the first generation of WG01 formed chimeras without mutations, and (ii) the second generation of WG01 mutants formed from the chimeras. The expansion of the host range indicated that regions other than the C-terminal region may indirectly change the receptor specificity by altering the supportive capacity of the binding site. Additionally, we also found the novel means by which subsequent generations expanded their host ranges, namely, by exchanging gene 37 to acquire a wider temperature range for lysis. The method developed in this work offers a quick way to change or expand the host range of a phage. Future clinical applications for screening phages against a given clinical isolate could be achieved after acquiring more suitable homologous sequences.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> T4-like phages have been established as safe in numerous phage therapy applications. The primary drawbacks to the use of phages as therapeutic agents include their highly specific host ranges. Thus, changing or expanding the host range of T4-like phages is beneficial for selecting phages for phage therapy. In this study, the host range of the T4-like phage WG01 was expanded using genetic manipulation. The WG01 derivatives acquired a novel means of expanding their host ranges by acquiring a wider temperature range for lysis. A region was located that had the potential to be used as a sequence region for homologous sequence recombination.
A square multiflare horn with 1‐megawatt CW power‐handling capability (1989)

Abstract The analysis and low‐power testing of a square miltiflare horn designed‐for 1‐megawatt CW operation is described. Design considerations for the five‐port input section are discussed. The required aperture modes are determined from radiation pattern considerations, and analysis of the multiflare section is carried out using mode matching. Measurements demonstrate that a circularly symmetric beam is produced with relatively low sidelobes.
Inhibition of AAK1 Kinase as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Treat Neuropathic Pain (2016)

To identify novel targets for neuropathic pain, 3097 mouse knockout lines were tested in acute and persistent pain behavior assays. One of the lines from this screen, which contained a null allele of the adapter protein-2 associated kinase 1 (AAK1) gene, had a normal response in acute pain assays (hot plate, phase I formalin), but a markedly reduced response to persistent pain in phase II formalin. AAK1 knockout mice also failed to develop tactile allodynia following the Chung procedure of spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Based on these findings, potent, small-molecule inhibitors of AAK1 were identified. Studies in mice showed that one such inhibitor, LP-935509, caused a reduced pain response in phase II formalin and reversed fully established pain behavior following the SNL procedure. Further studies showed that the inhibitor also reduced evoked pain responses in the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model and the rat streptozotocin model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Using a nonbrain-penetrant AAK1 inhibitor and local administration of an AAK1 inhibitor, the relevant pool of AAK1 for antineuropathic action was found to be in the spinal cord. Consistent with these results, AAK1 inhibitors dose-dependently reduced the increased spontaneous neural activity in the spinal cord caused by CCI and blocked the development of windup induced by repeated electrical stimulation of the paw. The mechanism of AAK1 antinociception was further investigated with inhibitors of α2 adrenergic and opioid receptors. These studies showed that α2 adrenergic receptor inhibitors, but not opioid receptor inhibitors, not only prevented AAK1 inhibitor antineuropathic action in behavioral assays, but also blocked the AAK1 inhibitor-induced reduction in spinal neural activity in the rat CCI model. Hence, AAK1 inhibitors are a novel therapeutic approach to neuropathic pain with activity in animal models that is mechanistically linked (behaviorally and electrophysiologically) to α2 adrenergic signaling, a pathway known to be antinociceptive in humans.
Dynamic agent based reconfiguration of multimedia multimodal architecture (2003)

Multimodal feature fusion natural human-computer interaction involves complex intelligent architectures facing unexpected errors and mistakes made by users. These architectures should react to events that occur simultaneously with eventual redundancy from different input media. Intelligent agent based genetic architectures for multimedia multimodal dialog protocols are proposed. Global agents are decomposed into their relevant components, and each element is modeled separately using timed colored Petri nets. The elementary models are then linked together to obtain the full architecture. Generic components of the application are then monitored by an agent based expert system to perform dynamic changes in reconfiguration, adaptation and evolution at the architectural level. For validation purposes, the proposed multi-agent architecture and its dynamic reconfiguration are respectively applied on practical examples.
Multicolor <i>in vivo</i> targeted imaging to guide real‐time surgery of HER2‐positive micrometastases in a two‐tumor coincident model of ovarian cancer (2009)

One of the primary goals of oncological molecular imaging is to accurately identify and characterize malignant tissues in vivo. Currently, molecular imaging relies on targeting a single molecule that while overexpressed in malignancy, is often also expressed at lower levels in normal tissue, resulting in reduced tumor to background ratios. One approach to increasing the specificity of molecular imaging in cancer is to use multiple probes each with distinct fluorescence to target several surface antigens simultaneously, in order to identify tissue expression profiles, rather than relying on the expression of a single target. This next step forward in molecular imaging will rely on characterization of tissue based on fluorescence and therefore will require the ability to simultaneously identify several optical probes each attached to different targeting ligands. We created a novel 'coincident' ovarian cancer mouse model by coinjecting each animal with two distinct cell lines, HER2+/red fluorescent protein (RFP)- SKOV3 and HER2-/RFP+ SHIN3-RFP, in order to establish a model of disease in which animals simultaneously bore tumors with two distinct phenotypes (HER2+/RFP-, HER2-/RFP+), which could be utilized for multicolor imaging. The HER2 receptor of the SKOV3 cell line was targeted with a trastuzumab-rhodamine green conjugate to create green tumor implants, whereas the RFP plasmid of the SHIN3 cells created red tumor implants. We demonstrate that real-time in vivo multicolor imaging is feasible and that fluorescence characteristics can then serve to guide the surgical removal of disease.
A cache-based message passing scheme for a shared-bus multiprocessor (1988)

This paper describes a scheme for using cache-based hardware to provide simple and efficient message passing support for message-based software systems on a tightly-coupled, shared-bus multiprocessor. This approach is based on the utilization of the existing interprocessor communications medium, the shared bus, to effect the exchange of single-word messages. Communication between processes is accomplished over logical channels using simple, blocking send and receive primitives. The physical processor/channel interface is designed so that the message transfer primitives can be implemented as single machine instructions, namely store and fetch . Special-purpose caches, called message caches, mediate channel operations and effect the exchange of messages over the shared bus.
Central Nervous Pathway for Acupuncture Stimulation: Localization of Processing with Functional MR Imaging of the Brain—Preliminary Experience (1999)

Functional MR imaging can demonstrate the CNS pathway for acupuncture stimulation. Acupuncture at ST.36 and LI.4 activates structures of descending antinociceptive pathway and deactivates multiple limbic areas subserving pain association. These findings may shed light on the CNS mechanism of acupuncture analgesia and form a basis for future investigations of endogenous pain modulation circuits in the human brain.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1(9-36) Inhibits Chemokine-Induced Migration of Human CD4-Positive Lymphocytes (2013)

Thus, GLP-1(9-36) inhibits chemokine-induced CD4-positive lymphocyte migration by inhibition of the PI3-kinase pathway independent of cAMP and GLP-1 receptor signaling. Further studies are needed to assess whether such effects may be clinically relevant for patients with type 2 diabetes treated with DPP-IV inhibitors.
Gas-solid and gas-liquid chromatography using porous layer open tube columns made with graphitized thermal carbon black (1977)

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