gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Nb-Containing MnO<sub><i>x</i></sub>−CeO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst for Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH<sub>3</sub> (2010)

The reactivity in the selective catalytic reduction of the individual and binary components of NbOx−MnOx−CeO2 catalysts has been studied with coated cordierite monoliths in the temperature range of 150−450 °C. FTIRS, DRIFTS, TA, XRD, BET, and XAS have been used to elucidate the structural and catalytic properties. The results confirmed the contribution of the manganese oxides, particularly to the low-temperature NO-to-NO2 oxidation reaction. The significant increase of the surface acidity as a result of niobium oxide addition has been established. The data obtained revealed also the strong interaction between the manganese and niobium catalytic active sites. This phenomenon leads to a very good distribution of the oxidizing and acidic sites in the catalyst structure and also diminishes the unselective NH3 oxidation at higher temperatures. However, in order to keep the low-temperature catalytic activity, an excess of manganese relative to the niobium content is needed.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci for lactation persistency traits in German Holstein dairy cattle (2006)

A whole genome scan to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for persistency of milk yield (PMY), persistency of fat yield (PFY), persistency of protein yield (PPY) and persistency of milk energy yield (PEY) was performed in a granddaughter design in the German Holstein dairy cattle population. The analysis included 16 paternal half-sib families with a total of 872 bulls. The analysis was carried out for the first lactation and for the first three lactations combined using univariate weighted multimarker regression. Controlling the false discovery rate across traits and data sets at a level of 0.15 and treating the four persistency traits as different traits revealed 27 significant QTL. A total of 12 chromosomes showed significant QTL effects on a chromosomewise basis. The DGAT1 effect was highly significant for PPY and protein yield. A haplotype analysis using results of previous studies of the same design revealed a co-segregation of various persistency QTL and QTL affecting health traits like dystocia and stillbirth and functional traits like non-return rate 90 and somatic cell score.
Secure and Connected Telehealth Approach to Mitigating Concussion Risks in Student Athletes (2016)

This research vision and challenges paper focuses on microprocessor design and activity-recognition data processing for medical devices in student-athlete health care. Sports are the second leading cause of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) for people aged between 15 and 24 years. Significant work has been done in the use of sensors to determine the linear and rotational acceleration of head impacts, and their potential correlation to concussions. However, recent studies have shown that subconcussive trauma may be a better indicator of future risks, such as impaired cognitive, motor, and sensory functions, as well as loss of control of emotion and behavior. Therefore, the current reactive and hospital-centered approach where waiting until a concussion has been diagnosed before providing quality care to student athletes is insufficient. Our project will enable a transformation in student-athlete healthcare through the design of sensors towards a preventive, proactive, and evidence-based approach for assessing and mitigating the risk of long-term brain injury. Research and develop improvements towards a next-generation form-factor xPatch device with radio transceivers for secure and efficient processing of head impact data, while considering transmission range vs. power consumption, receiver sensitivity, data rate, start-up time, latency, capacity, and cost. We will enhance X2 Biosystems's currently existing Injury Management System data platform through development and integration of on-chip data processing towards real-time recording and secure wireless transmission of impact data. Integration of 6 degree-of-freedom support vector data will enable improved machine learning-based principal component analysis of head impact data. In order to provide real-time integration of on-chip machine learning and cloud-based impact classification algorithms, we will also develop an encrypted 915MHz ISM band radio solution for secure and reliable transmission of impact data for real-time interpretation by athletic trainers or certified medical professionals on the sidelines within athletic environments.
PARALLELISM IN COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND IN MACHINES. (1968)

Abstract : A second method for partial order control using the results of the previously reported parallelism detection algorithm is given. A comparison in cost of representation and use is made among the two order control methods and sequential control. Parallelism among executions of loop bodies and among nested and interlocked loops is examined. A system design for parallelism exploitation is described. This system uses a block oriented random access memory (BORAM) for secondary storage to minimize access time. Some characteristics of dynamic sequencing procedures for selection among ready tasks are given. (Author)
The nucleolus functions as a phase-separated protein quality control compartment (2019)

The nuclear proteome is rich in stress-sensitive proteins, which suggests that effective protein quality control mechanisms are in place to ensure conformational maintenance. We investigated the role of the nucleolus in this process. In mammalian tissue culture cells under stress conditions, misfolded proteins entered the granular component (GC) phase of the nucleolus. Transient associations with nucleolar proteins such as NPM1 conferred low mobility to misfolded proteins within the liquid-like GC phase, avoiding irreversible aggregation. Refolding and extraction of proteins from the nucleolus during recovery from stress was Hsp70-dependent. The capacity of the nucleolus to store misfolded proteins was limited, and prolonged stress led to a transition of the nucleolar matrix from liquid-like to solid, with loss of reversibility and dysfunction in quality control. Thus, we suggest that the nucleolus has chaperone-like properties and can promote nuclear protein maintenance under stress.
The Elliptical Cone of Uncertainty and Its Normalized Measures in Diffusion Tensor Imaging (2008)

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is capable of providing quantitative insights into tissue microstructure in the brain. An important piece of information offered by DT-MRI is the directional preference of diffusing water molecules within a voxel. Building upon this local directional information, DT-MRI tractography attempts to construct global connectivity of white matter tracts. The interplay between local directional information and global structural information is crucial in understanding changes in tissue microstructure as well as in white matter tracts. To this end, the right circular cone of uncertainty was proposed by Basser as a local measure of tract dispersion. Recent experimental observations by Jeong et al. and Lazar et al. that the cones of uncertainty in the brain are mostly elliptical motivate the present study to investigate analytical approaches to quantify their findings. Two analytical approaches for constructing the elliptical cone of uncertainty, based on the first-order matrix perturbation and the error propagation method via diffusion tensor representations, are presented and their theoretical equivalence is established. We propose two normalized measures, circumferential and areal, to quantify the uncertainty of the major eigenvector of the diffusion tensor. We also describe a new technique of visualizing the cone of uncertainty in 3-D.
Bias estimation of two 3-dimensional radars using Kalman filter (2002)

Statistical analysis techniques for estimation of radar biases, using Kalman filters, are presented in a multi-radar system.
Loss of Resting Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity after Complete Section of the Corpus Callosum (2008)

Slow (<0.1 Hz), spontaneous fluctuations in the functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal have been shown to exhibit phase coherence within functionally related areas of the brain. Surprisingly, this phenomenon appears to transcend levels of consciousness. The genesis of coherent BOLD fluctuations remains to be fully explained. We present a resting state functional connectivity study of a 6-year-old child with a radiologically normal brain imaged both before and after complete section of the corpus callosum for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Postoperatively, there was a striking loss of interhemispheric BOLD correlations with preserved intrahemispheric correlations. These unique data provide important insights into the relationship between connectional anatomy and functional organization of the human brain. Such observations have the potential to increase our understanding of large-scale brain systems in health and disease as well as improve the treatment of neurologic disorders.
Toward evaluating material design interface paradigms for novice users (2010)

Material design is the process by which artists specify the reflectance properties of a surface, such as its diffuse color and specular roughness. We present a user study to evaluate the relative benefits of different material design interfaces, focusing on novice users since they stand to gain the most from intuitive interfaces. Specifically, we investigate the editing of the parameters of analytic bidirectional distribution functions (BRDFs) using three interface paradigms: physical sliders by which users set the parameters of analytic BRDF models, such as diffuse albedo and specular roughness; perceptual sliders by which users set perceptually-inspired parameters, such as diffuse luminance and gloss contrast; and image navigation by which material variations are displayed in arrays of image thumbnails and users make edits by selecting them. We investigate two design tasks: precise adjustment and artistic exploration. We collect objective and subjective data, finding that subjects can perform equally well with physical and perceptual sliders as long as the interface responds interactively. Image navigation performs worse than the other interfaces on precise adjustment tasks, but excels at aiding in artistic exploration. We find that given enough time, novices can perform relatively complex material editing tasks with little training, and most novices work similarly to one another.
Comparing crystal identification algorithms for PET block detectors (2008)

A high resolution detector is being developed for our small animal position emission tomography (MicroPET). Each scintillation event is mapped in a two dimensional (2-D) position through the relative ratio of the output signals of the PMTs. Crystal Look-up table (CLT) used in ThuMicroPET scanner defines the matching relation between signal position of a detected event to a corresponding detector pixel location. It has a direct impact on imaging quality and brings significant influence to the gantry overall performance. This paper compares Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) Clustering Algorithm, Self Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) neural network, and Watersheds algorithm for crystal identification. The primary result shows, the watersheds method has the fast speed and higher accuracy for crystal identification but sensitive with preprocessing; and SOFM has advantage of on-line monitoring and training, with also relatively reasonable accuracy, but unluckily long time cost. FCM have lower stability and accuracy in this experiment. In addition we present a new simple but powerful parameter Interaction Ratio (IR), to quantitatively assess the performance of Crystal Identification of detectors. As proved as experiment, not only it could be quantitatively evaluate the segmentation method generating LUT, but also assess the performance of block detector itself.
Very low rate quasi-optimal convolutional codes for CDMA (1994)

The applications of low rate convolutional codes in code division multiple access (CDMA) and high error rate channels is well known. Unfortunately. In searching for optimal long constraint length and very low rate codes the computational effort is prohibitive. In this paper. A method for generating quasi-optimum new very low rate (1/128/spl les/R/spl les/1/3) and moderately long constraint length (K/spl les/14) codes is presented. These codes have the interesting characteristics of being rate compatible and easy to generate. The codes presented in this paper provide superior performances to the known low rate codes of the same rates and constraint lengths.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Low-voltage integrated RF CMOS modules and frontend for 5 GHz and beyond (2004)

This chapter has demonstrated the potential of using standard digital state-of-the-art submicron CMOS technologies to realise critical radio frequency integrated circuit building blocks, operating in the gigahertz range. In order to cope with the trend of technology down-scaling, and the continuous decrease in the supply voltages of digital circuitry, the work focused on circuit architectures and topologies suitable for operation from 1 V supplies and lower, while delivering performances comparable, and in some respects, better than similar circuits requiring higher supply voltages. In particular, a folded cascode LNA structure was shown to be very versatile. It allows gain tuning without any additional circuit complexity or performance degrada tion. Similarly, a very low voltage VCO structure that maintains all the features of the conventional complementary differential LC VCO circuit, while operating from a much lower supply, and providing a wider tuning range, was proposed. Finally, a complete 5 GHz receiver frontend that was optimised for operation from a supply voltage as low as 0.8 V, and that features high image rejection, was presented. All the architectures and circuits proposed were demonstrated through measure ments from different IC prototypes. It should be noted that the CMOS technology we used did not offer any special RF oriented devices, such as thick metal layers, etc. In practice, that would be the case, suggesting that the performances reported in this chapter are expected to be further improved. Finally, this chapter discussed practical integrated inductor design guidelines and layout techniques, which are both crucial for the success of any RF circuit implementation.
Temperature-Dependent FT-IR Spectroscopy Study of Silver 1,9-Nonanedithiolate (2001)

The structure and thermal behavior of silver 1,9-nonanedithiolate (AgNDT) is investigated by means of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and elemental analysis. The XRD data suggests that AgNDT has a layered structure but with poor registry between layers. The poor registry seems to be associated with the deficiency of Ag by 20% in binding to the available sulfur atoms. DRIFT spectral data nonetheless indicates that the carbon chains take nearly all-trans conformation. The temperature-dependent DRIFT spectral data suggests that AgNDT should degrade at >530 K without any thermodynamic phase transition, in agreement with the TGA and DSC analysis. The finding that AgNDT does not exhibit liquid-crystalline behavior upon melting is attributed to the formation of two Ag-S bonds (as α,ω-dithiolate) in AgNDT, even though each Ag atom is trigonally bonded to sulfur, as in silver monothiolate (AgSR).
Parental Monitoring and Adolescents' Sense of Responsibility for Their Own Learning: An Examination of Sex Differences (1996)

Margaret Beale Spencer, Davido Dupree, Dena Phillips Swanson, Parental Monitoring and Adolescents' Sense of Responsibility for Their Own Learning: An Examination of Sex Differences, The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 65, No. 1 (Winter, 1996), pp. 30-43
Cloning, expression, and nucleotide sequence of the formate dehydrogenase genes from Methanobacterium formicicum. (1986)

The genes for the two subunits of the formate dehydrogenase from Methanobacterium formicicum were cloned and their sequences determined. When expressed in Escherichia coli, two proteins were produced which had the appropriate mobility on an SDS gel for the two subunits of formate dehydrogenase and cross-reacted with antibodies raised to purified formate dehydrogenase. The genes for the two formate dehydrogenase subunits overlap by 1 base pair and are preceded by DNA sequences similar to both eubacterial and archaebacterial promoters and ribosome-binding sites. The amino acid sequences deduced from the DNA sequence were analyzed, and the arrangement of putative iron-sulfur centers is discussed.
New Method for Measurement of Engine Oil Consumption (S-Trace Method) (1979)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new method, the sulfur trace method (S-trace method), for measurement of engine oil consumption was investigated. This method uses the sulfur, naturally contained in the engine oil, as an oil tracer. This method could be developed with the use of sulfur-free fuel and with the establishment of an analytical technique to determine the trace amount of sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas. Measuring with this method is more rapid than the drain-weigh method and without the use of the special equipment which is used for radioactive materials. This S-trace method requires about 20 minutes of engine operating time, and has a detection capability of 1 gram per hour. The coefficient of variation is better than 10% at the oil consumption level of 20 grams per hour. The results using this method are satisfactory and agree with the drain-weigh method or with the radiometric method.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Futhermore, with the application of the S-trace method, oil consumption of individual cylinders and oil consumption lost through either the valve guide assembly or the piston-cylinder assembly can be measured.</div>
Mono‐, Bis‐ and Tris(cyclopentadienyl) Compounds ‐ Syntheses of New Polydentate Ligands and their Molybdenum and Tungsten Complexes (1991)

Abstract Condensation reactions of cyclopentadienyl‐substituted chlorosilanes CpSiMe 2 Cl (Cp = C 5 H 5 , C 5 HMe 4 ) with a number of phenols [C 6 H 5 OH, 1,3‐C 6 H 4 (OH) 2 , 1,4‐C 6 H 4 (OH) 2 , 1,3,5‐C 6 H 3 (OH) 3 ] in the presence of excess base led to six novel molecules containing up to three cyclopentadienyl groups {e.g. 1,3,5‐C 6 H 3 [OSiMe 2 (C 5 Me 4 H)] 3 ). The dynamic behavior of 1,4‐C 6 H 4 [OSiMe 2 (C 5 H 5 )] 2 ( 2 ) was investigated by temperature‐variable 1 H NMR and the reaction rate of the degenerate 1,2‐silicon shift determined. C 6 H 5 OSiMe 2 (C 5 H 5 ) ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) were treated with NaH, (MeCN) 3 M(CO) 3 (M = Mo, W), and Mel to give the η 5 ‐complexes C 6 H 6 OSiMe 2 —(C 5 H 4 )M(CO) 3 Me ( 8 : M = Mo, 9 : M = W) and 1,4‐C 6 H 4 [OSiMe 2 ‐(C 5 H 4 )M(CO) 3 Me] 2 ( 10 : M = Mo, 11 : M = W) in good yields. The X‐ray crystal structure of 11 was determined.
Contrasting evolutionary rates in the duplicate chaperonin genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae. (1993)

A phylogenetic analysis of chaperonin (heat shock protein 60) sequences from prokaryotes and eukaryotes indicated that a single gene duplication event in the common ancestor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. leprae, and Streptomyces albus gave rise to the duplicate chaperonin genes found in these species (designated HSP65 and GroEL in the mycobacterial species). Comparison of rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution in different gene regions suggested that the 5' end of the HSP65 gene was homogenized by an ancient recombination event between M. tuberculosis and M. leprae. In S. albus, the two duplicated chaperonin genes have evolved at essentially the same rate. In both M. tuberculosis and M. leprae, however, the GroEL gene has evolved considerably more rapidly at nonsynonymous nucleotide sites than has the HSP65 gene. Because this difference is not seen at synonymous sites, it must be due to a difference in selective constraint on the proteins encoded by the two genes, rather than to a difference in mutation rate. The difference between GroEL and HSP65 is striking in regions containing epitopes recognized by T cells of the vertebrate host; in certain cross-reactive epitopes conserved across all organisms, nonsynonymous sites in GroEL have evolved twice as fast as those in HSP65. It is suggested that these differences are correlated with differences in the way in which the duplicate chaperonins of M. tuberculosis and M. leprae interact with the host immune system.
Ro small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins are a subclass of La ribonucleoproteins: further characterization of the Ro and La small ribonucleoproteins from uninfected mammalian cells. (1981)

Small ribonucleic acid (RNA)-protein complexes precipitated by anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies from lupus patients have been examined with emphasis on their RNA components. In both ribonucleoprotein (RNP) classes, the numbers of different RNA molecules and their sequences vary between mouse and human cells. The complex mixtures of La RNAs include two previously sequenced 4.5S RNAs from mouse cells and 5S ribosomal RNA-like molecules from both mouse and human cells. All Ro and La RNAs possess 5-triphosphates. Some La RNAs have internal modifications typical of transfer RNAs. The Ro RNPs are quite stable and are localized by immunofluorescence in the cell cytoplasm, whereas the majority of the La RNPs turn over rapidly and reside in the nucleus. Despite these differences, reconstitution experiments show that the Ro particles carry the La as well as the Ro determinant. Studies using a nuclear transcription system demonstrate that most of the La RNAs are synthesized by RNA polymerase III. The possibility that the La protein(s) functions in the transcription or maturation of all RNA polymerase III transcripts is discussed.
Impact of a New TWTA Linearizer Upon QPSK/TDMA Transmission Performance (1983)

In transmitting a band-limited PSK/TDMA signal via satellite, the signal is distorted due to the nonlinearities of an earth station HPA and a satellite TWTA. To reduce the impairments due to these nonlinearities, a new TWTA linearizer, called a soft-limiter type linearizer (SL-LRZ), has been developed. The overall amplitude characteristic of a TWTA associated with an SL-LRZ is linear up to saturation and has a constant envelope beyond saturation. As to the AM/PM conversion characteristic, it has almost zero phase shift, irrespective of the operating point. The TWTA with SL-LRZ gives better bit error rate (BER) performance and less out-of-band emission (OBE) compared to cases where TWTA is operated by itself or with a conventional linearizer. In this paper, the impact of the new TWTA linearizer upon the transmission performance of a QPSK/TDMA signal is described. The transmission performance over a nonlinear satellite channel has been evaluated experimentally using a 120 Mbit/s QPSK modem and an INTELSAT V channel simulator.