gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Goal Profiles, Perceptions of the Parent-Initiated Motivational Climate, and Competitive Trait Anxiety (1998)

The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of task- and ego-orientation on adolescents’ perceptions of the parent-initiated motivational climate and competitive trait anxiety. Participants were 279 male and female adolescents (mean age = 14.41 years) who competed on organized sport teams. Based on a mean split on the two TEOSQ subscales, four goal orientation profile groups were created: high-task/high-ego, high-task/low-ego, high-ego/low-task, and low-task/low-ego. MANOVA results indicated that the high-task/low-ego group perceived that both their mother and father endorsed a learning and enjoyment motivational climate. In contrast, the high-ego/low-task group thought their mother and father valued a climate where success was coupled with low effort. In this group, fathers were perceived to cause worry about making mistakes. This group experienced the highest levels of competitive trait anxiety. For the high-task/high-ego group it was found that fathers emphasized a climate where success was linked to low levels of exerted effort and mothers were perceived to cause worry about making mistakes. However, the high-task/high-ego group also believed that both parents still valued learning and enjoyment in the development of physical skills. Lastly, individuals in the low-task/low-ego group perceived mothers to make them afraid of making mistakes in the learning of skills.
Response of Eight Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Topramezone (2007)

Topramezone is a newly introduced herbicide for use in field corn ( Zea mays L.) that may have potential for weed management in sweet corn. Tolerance of eight sweet corn hybrids to topramezone applied postemergence (POST) at 0, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 300 g a.i. ha − 1 were studied at one Ontario location in 2000 and two locations in 2001 and 2002. Topramezone applied POST at 50, 75, 100, and 150 g·ha − 1 did not cause any visual injury in Calico Belle, CNS 710, Delmonte 2038, FTF 222, FTF 246, GH 2684, Reveille, and Rival sweet corn hybrids at 7 days after treatment (DAT) and caused minimal injury (less than 5%) at 300 g·ha − 1 in all hybrids. The initial sensitivity observed in these hybrids was minimal and transient with no effect on visual injury at 14 and 28 DAT. Topramezone applied POST did not reduce plant height, cob size, or marketable yield of the sweet corn hybrids included in this study. Based on these results, topramezone applied POST at the rates evaluated can be safely applied to Calico Belle, CNS 710, Delmonte 2038, FTF 222, FTF 246, GH 2684, Reveille, and Rival sweet corn.
Oxidation of Si1−<i>x</i>Ge<i>x</i> alloys at atmospheric and elevated pressure (1991)

The oxidation of alloys of Si1−xGex differs significantly from that of pure Si in both the thermodynamics of the process and in the kinetics of the oxidation reaction. In this paper these fundamental differences are explored and are used to explain experimental observations of Si1−xGex oxidation that are presented herein and elsewhere in the literature. Alloys of Si1−xGex (with x=5.4, 11.6, and 17 at. %) approximately 200 nm thick were oxidized using the following two processes: (i) dry oxygen at 680 atm at a temperature of 550 °C and (ii) conventional, 1-atm steam at 800 °C. The wet oxidation conditions were chosen to produce an oxide thickness comparable (≊100 nm for xGe=11.6 at. %) to that obtained during high-pressure oxidation at 550 °C. Auger sputter depth profiling, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the as-grown oxides. XPS studies reveal that high-pressure oxides formed from alloys of Si1−xGex chemically incorporate Ge directly into the oxide. In contrast, atmospheric oxidation of the same alloy composition produces oxides with no Ge incorporation that is detectable using XPS. It is shown that the selective removal of Si from alloys of Si1−xGex is predicted from Si-Ge-O ternary-phase equilibrium considerations. High-pressure oxidation conditions, however, allow the growth of oxides at much lower temperatures which minimizes Si-Ge interdiffusion and, as a consequence, prevents the selective oxidation of Si from the alloy. These results have direct significance to future device fabrication in Si1−xGex and to the issues of oxidation of multicomponent systems in general.
Analysis of fragmentation in shock physics simulation (2008)

Analyzing shock physics, which can involve high energies, high velocity materials, and highly variable results, is challenging. Very little can be measured during a shock physics experiment. Most experimental data is collected in the aftermath. High-fidelity simulations using codes like CTH are possible, but require a significant amount of post processing to properly understand the results. Physical structures and their accompanying data must be derived from the volumetric properties computed by the simulation. And, of course, the simulations must be validated against experiments. To capture small fragmentation effects, the CTH simulations must be run on very large scales using adaptive meshes, which further complicates the post processing. By using the scalable visualization tool ParaView coupled with customized feature identification, we are able to provide both the analysis and verification of these large-scale CTH simulations.
Evidence for species-specific lipid antigens in Mycobacterium leprae. (1980)

A partially purified lipid fraction from Mycobacterium leprae yielded distinct lines of precipitation with antisera from two lepromatus patients and from an infected armadillo. There was no reaction to the sera from patients with tuberculosis or a M. avium infection or to the serum from a normal armadillo. The activity in the lipid fraction was unaffected by mild alkali, and upon hydrolysis the fraction yielded 6-deoxyhexoses. This information suggests that the lipid antigens of M. leprae may be species specific and related to the A, B, C or G mycosides.
Learning bias and phonological-rule induction (1996)

A fundamental debate in the machine learning of language has been the role of prior knowledge in the learning process. Purely nativist approaches, such as the Principles and Parameters model, build parameterized linguistic generalizations directly into the learning system. Purely empirical approaches use a general, domain-independent learning rule (Error Back-Propagation, Instance-Based Generalization, Minimum Description Length) to learn linguistic generalizations directly from the data. In this paper we suggest that an alternative to the purely nativist or purely empiricist learning paradigms is to represent the prior knowledge of language as a set of abstract learning biases, which guide an empirical inductive learning algorithm. We test our idea by examining the machine learning of simple Sound Pattern of English (SPE)-style phonological rules. We represent phonological rules as finite state transducers which accept underlying forms as input and generate surface forms as output. We show that OSTIA, a general-purpose transducer induction algorithm, was incapable of learning simple phonological rules like flapping. We then augmented OSTIA with three kinds of learning biases which are specific to natural language phonology, and are assumed explicitly or implicitly by every theory of phonology: Faithfulness (underlying segments tend
Orthogonal multi-spreading factor forward link for coherent DS-CDMA mobile radio (2002)

We present a method of generating orthogonal spreading codes with different spreading factors (SFs), which are called orthogonal multi-SF codes. The orthogonal multi-SF codes are applied to the forward link so that all users transmitting data at different rates are orthogonalized and a single RAKE combiner can be used at the mobile receiver. The generated orthogonal multi-SF codes have a tree structure. A group spreading modulator which simplifies the base station transmitter structure is also described. The forward link transmission performances under multiuser and frequency selective Rayleigh fading environments are evaluated by computer simulation to show that performance identical to that achieved by using multiple orthogonal codes in parallel can be achieved. Unlike the orthogonal multicode forward link, only a single RAKE combiner is required at a mobile receiver and this significantly simplifies the mobile receiver structure.
Studies on Functionalization of Polymers by Reactive Processing. Part 5. Prepartion of Polythiourea-immobilized Active Charcoal and Its Utilization for Selective Adsorption of Mercury (II) Ion. (1997)

ポリアミンと二硫化炭素の反応をやし殻活性炭の存在下,水分散中で行い,ポリチオ尿素化合物を得た.両出発物質が活性炭にまず吸着されてから反応が進行し,ポリチオ尿素が活性炭上に強固に固定化されることを見いだした.得られた固定化ポリチオ尿素は優れた水銀イオン吸着能を有することを認めた.水銀吸着能はポリアミンの分子量が1800,活性炭への固定化率が11.8%のとき最もよく,それ以上固定化すると急激に減少することがわかった.固定化率と比表面積は逆の相関性があるが,この固定化率を越えると比表面積が急激に減少した.固定化ポリチオ尿素をカラムに詰めて10ppmの水銀水溶液を固定化物の5倍容量/時間で連続通液すると,10時間で法定基準値5ppbを越えた.このときの水銀吸着量は0,6molL-1(固定化物)であり,優れた水銀吸着能を有することが確認された.
Self-Assembly of Colloids with Liquid Protrusions (2008)

A facile and flexible synthesis for colloidal molecules with well-controlled shape and tunable patchiness is presented. Cross-linked polystyrene spheres with a liquid protrusion were found to assemble into colloidal molecules by coalescence of the liquid protrusions. Similarly, cross-linked poly(methyl methacrylate) particles carrying a wetting layer assembled into colloidal molecules by coalescence of the wetting layer. Driven by surface energy, a liquid droplet on which the solid spheres are attached is formed. Subsequent polymerization of the liquid yields a wide variety of colloidal molecules as well as colloidosomes with tunable patchiness. Precise control over the topology of the particles has been achieved by changing the amount and nature of the swelling monomer as well as the wetting angle between the liquid and the seed particles. The overall cluster size can be controlled by the seed size as well as the swelling ratio. Use of different swelling monomers and/or particles allows for chemical diversity of the patches and the center. For low swelling ratios assemblies of small numbers of seeds resemble clusters that minimize the second moment of the mass distribution. Assemblies comprised of a large number of colloids are similar to colloidosomes exhibiting elastic strain relief by scar formation.
The diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs in heart failure (Review) (2019)

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome, characterized by inadequate blood perfusion of tissues and organs caused by decreased heart ejection capacity resulting from structural or functional cardiac disorders. HF is the most severe heart condition and it severely compromises human health; thus, its early diagnosis and effective management are crucial. However, given the lack of satisfactory sensitivity and specificity of the currently available biomarkers, the majority of patients with HF are not diagnosed early and do not receive timely treatment. A number of studies have demonstrated that peripheral blood circulating nucleic acids [such as microRNAs (miRs), mRNA and DNA] are important for the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response in HF. miRs have been attracting increasing attention as promising biomarkers, given their presence in body fluids and relative structural stability under diverse conditions of sampling. The aim of the present review was to analyze the associations between the mechanisms underlying the development of HF and the expression of miRs, and discuss the value of using circulating miRs as diagnostic biomarkers in HF management. In particular, miR-155, miR-22 and miR-133 appear to be promising for the diagnosis, prognosis and management of HF patients.
An Automatic Apparatus for the Synthesis of Peptides Using Resin Coated Glass Beads in the Form of a Packed Bed (1972)

An apparatus is described that will automatically synthesize peptides containing up to 10 amino acids before recharging the apparatus with reagents. The process employed is similar to the solid state synthesis of peptides devised by Merrifield (1) but uses resin coated glass beads in the form of a packed bed instead of solid resin beads in a shaker vessel. The apparatus is constructed from readily available chromatographic equipment and has a capacity, depending on the column employed, ranging from 10 to 1400 gm of resin coated beads. Such a range of bed capacity will provide from 0.1 m mole to 25 m mole of polypeptide. The apparatus has been used to synthesize automatically L-leucyl-L-alanyl-glycly-L-valine. Replicate synthesis using 40 gm of resin coated beads demonstrated that the apparatus could produce the tetrapeptide at an average purity of 97.7% and provide a yield of about 250 mg of the tetrapeptide. By simple modification the maximum chain length of the peptide that would be synthesized can be increased to twenty amino acids before recharging the apparatus with fresh reagents becomes necessary.
A Current Source Gate Driver Achieving Switching Loss Savings and Gate Energy Recovery at 1-MHz (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, a new current source gate drive circuit is proposed for power MOSFETs. The proposed circuit achieves quick turn on and turn off transition times to reduce switching loss and conduction loss in power MOSFETs. In addition, it can recover a portion of the CV<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$^{2}$</tex> </formula> gate energy normally dissipated in a conventional driver. The circuit consists of four controlled switches and a small inductor (typically 100 nH or less). The current through the inductor is discontinuous in order to minimize circulating current conduction loss. This also allows the driver to operate effectively over a wide range of duty cycles with constant peak current—a significant advantage for many applications since turn on and turn off times do not vary with the operating point. Experimental results are presented for the proposed driver operating in a boost converter at 1 MHz, 5 V input, 10 V/5 A output. At 5 V gate drive, a 2.9% efficiency improvement is achieved representing a loss savings of 24.8% in comparison to a conventional driver. </para>
Purification and Identification of Antimicrobial Sesquiterpene Lactones from Yacon (<i>Smallanthus sonchifolius</i>) Leaves (2003)

The extraction of yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. and Endl.) H. Robinson; Asteraceae] leaves and chromatographic separation yielded two new antibacterial melampolide-type sesquiterpene lactones, 8beta-tigloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester and 8beta-methacryloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester, as well as the four known melampolides, sonchifolin, uvedalin, enhydrin and fluctuanin. The newly identified compound, 8beta-methacryloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester, exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Pyricularia oryzae, while 8beta-tigloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester showed lower activity. Fluctuanin exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against B. subtilis among these six sesquiterpene lactones.
Determinants of visual pigment absorbance: identification of the retinylidene Schiff's base counterion in bovine rhodopsin (1990)

The role of negatively charged residues in tuning the absorbance spectrum of bovine rhodopsin has been tested by mutating each aspartate and glutamate to asparagine and glutamine, respectively. Previous work demonstrated that aspartate83, glutamate122, and glutamate134 can be replaced by neutral residues with little or no effect on the absorbance spectrum of the resulting pigment [Nathans, J. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 937-942]. With one exception, mutations at the remaining 19 aspartate and glutamate residues result in very nearly wild-type absorbance spectra. The exception is glutamate113: mutation to glutamine causes the pigment to absorb at 380 nm, reflecting deprotonation of the retinylidene Schiff's base. Upon addition of either chloride, bromide, or iodide, the absorbance rapidly shifts to 495, 498, or 504.5 nm, respectively, reflecting protonation of the Schiff's base. The progressive red shift observed upon addition of halides with larger atomic radii strongly suggests that halides are serving as the Schiff's base counterion. Halides have no effect on the absorbance spectrum of wild-type rhodopsin. I infer, therefore, that glutamate113 is the retinylidene Schiff's base counterion in wild-type rhodopsin. Sakmar et al. [(1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 8309-8313] and Zhukovsky and Oprian [(1989) Science 246, 928-930] have arrived at the same conclusion based upon a related series of experiments. These data support a model in which spectral tuning in bovine rhodopsin results from interactions between the polyene chain of 11-cis-retinal and uncharged amino acids in the binding pocket.
High-performance IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack routing lookup (2004)

IP routing lookup schemes using single-step TCAM used in core routers demand entries being sorted according to prefix lengths in descending order relative to TCAM addresses. The sorting operations related to addresses have disadvantageous affections to the entry updating speed and lookup continuity. This paper provides a novel IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack routing lookup method based on BSPL (bi-search on prefix length), which using multi-step TCAM pipelining based on bi-search on prefix length. Its outstanding advantages include that no entry sorting is needed, lookup speed is high, entry updating is completed fast with pipelining, and lookup continuity is enhanced. It satisfies wire-speed (48B-packet) forwarding of OC-768 (40Gbps) interfaces of IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack core routers.
Cytotoxic Effects of Pyridino[2,3-f]indole-4,9-diones on Human Tumor Cell Lines. (2000)

The cytotoxicities of pyridino[2,3-f]indole-4,9-dione derivatives were examined against human lung tumor cell lines (A 549), human ovarian tumor cell lines (SK-OV-3), human melanoma tumor cell lines (SK-MEL-2), human CNS tumor cell lines (XF 498) and human colon tumor cell lines (HCT 15) in vitro using a Sulforhodamine B assay. 3-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-1H-pyridino[2,3-f]ind ole-4,9-dione (5) showed excellent cytotoxicity against XF 498 and HCT 15. The ED50 values of 5 were 0.006 microg/ml against XF 498 and 0.073 microg/ml against HCT 15, while those of doxorubicin were 0.012 and 0.264 microg/ml, respectively. 1-Benzyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-1H-pyridino[2,3-f]indole-4,9-di one (7) (ED50 value 0.065 microg/ml) was also significantly more cytotoxic against HCT 15 compared with doxorubicin.
Internet of Things: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications (2017)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is defined as a paradigm in which objects equipped with sensors, actuators, and processors communicate with each other to serve a meaningful purpose. In this paper, we survey state-of-the-art methods, protocols, and applications in this new emerging area. This survey paper proposes a novel taxonomy for IoT technologies, highlights some of the most important technologies, and profiles some applications that have the potential to make a striking difference in human life, especially for the differently abled and the elderly. As compared to similar survey papers in the area, this paper is far more comprehensive in its coverage and exhaustively covers most major technologies spanning from sensors to applications.
Capacity enhancement for HSDPA in W-CDMA system (2003)

The upper bounds for SNR gains from several interference cancellation scenarios are calculated under different multipath environments and different power allocations for HSDPA (high speed downlink packet access) users. The simulation results show that cancellation of the intercell pilot has a larger gain than intracell pilot cancellation. When the power allocated to the HSDPA signal is reduced, the gains of canceling the interference from the intracell pilot and other HSDPA codes are also reduced, due to excessive MUI (multiple user interference). Further performance improvement based on the MPIC (multipath interference cancellation) technique is also studied, which includes intracell MUI cancellation.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRROLO(1,2‐B)1,2,4‐TRIAZOLE (1973)

Abstract 3,5‐Dimethyl‐l ,2,4‐triazole (I) ergeben beim Erhitzen mit α‐Halogenketonen (II) in Äthano1Quartärsa1ze (III), die unter schwach alkalischen Bedingungen (molare Mengen verdünnter Natriumhydrogencarbonatlösung) zu Pyrrolotriazolen (IV) cyclisieren.
El virus de la hepatitis B (1991)

El virus de la hepatitis B humana (HBV) pertenece a la familia de los Hepadnaviridae, la cual reune una serie de agentes virales que a la fecha infectan aves y mamíferos y que tienen un tropismo exquisito por el hígado. En la tabla No. 1 se señalan las propiedades más sobresalientes de la familia, la cual agrupa a sus integrantes por las características de su estructura, por sus mecanismos de replicación similares, porque las interacciones que cada miembro tiene con la célula que infecta son notoriamente iguales y porque las repercusiones de esa infección tienen un interés biológico y médico muy particulares. En la tabla No. 2 se enumeran los primeros cuatro virus integrantes de esta familia.
Integrating Web-Based Multimedia Technologies with Operator Multimedia Services Core (2017)

During the last ten years, the volume of global mobile data traffic has been growing at an increasing pace. The latency and bandwidth of mobile data connections have improved significantly and the volume of mobile data traffic now greatly exceeds the volume of mobile voice traffic. It has therefore become more reasonable to discontinue the circuit switched voice telephony networks. Many operators are therefore deploying packet based core networks for handling voice and video calls. Simultaneously, web browsers are extended to handle both voice and video calls. By combining the properties of both the packet based core network and the web browsers connected to the Internet, operators can benefit from the large amount web browsers acting as potential endpoints in the network. Simultaneously operators have the possibility to e.g. charge for these calls and let customers call using a web browser instead of a mobile phone.\n\nThe purpose of this thesis is to evaluate whether the speech quality of this type of solutions is sufficient for commercial use. The speech quality of calls between a web browser and a mobile phone in a packet based network was objectively measured in various simulated environments. The speech quality of a temporary solution in which calls originate from a fully functional external packet based core network to the already existing circuit switched network was measured as well. The results show that speech quality in the packet based calls was superior compared to the circuit switched calls, while the speech quality of the calls breaking out to the circuit switched network was acceptable as well. The post dialing delay of the calls in the temporary implementation was unacceptably long, while the speech quality was on an acceptable level. Another significant finding was that transcoding is currently inevitable when using this technology for voice calls between web browsers and mobile phones.
A message from the president (1980)

Presents the President's message for this issue of the publication.