gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficient Inference Accelerator for Memory-Augmented Neural Networks on an FPGA (2019)

Memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) are designed for question-answering tasks. It is difficult to run a MANN effectively on accelerators designed for other neural networks (NNs), in particular on mobile devices, because MANNs require recurrent data paths and various types of operations related to external memory access. We implement an accelerator for MANNs on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based on a data flow architecture. Inference times are also reduced by inference thresholding, which is a data-based maximum inner-product search specialized for natural language tasks. Measurements on the bAbI data show that the energy efficiency of the accelerator (FLOPS/kJ) was higher than that of an NVIDIA TITAN V GPU by a factor of about 125, increasing to 140 with inference thresholding.
All-optical AND gate at 10 Gbit/s based on cascaded single-port-couple SOAs (2004)

An all-optical logical AND gate at 10 Gbit/s based on cross-gain modulation (XGM) in two cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is demonstrated. Single-port-coupled SOAs are employed and specially designed to improve the output extinction ratio as well as the output performance of the logic operation. The output signal power and extinction ratio from the first-stage wavelength converter are critical to achieving all-optical logical AND operation.
CLINICAL STUDY: Very low dose naltrexone addition in opioid detoxification: a randomized, controlled trial (2008)

Although current treatments for opioid detoxification are not always effective, medical detoxification remains a required step before long-term interventions. The use of opioid antagonist medications to improve detoxification has produced inconsistent results. Very low dose naltrexone (VLNTX) was recently found to reduce opioid tolerance and dependence in animal and clinical studies. We decided to evaluate safety and efficacy of VLNTX adjunct to methadone in reducing withdrawal during detoxification. In a multi-center, double-blind, randomized study at community treatment programs, where most detoxifications are performed, 174 opioid-dependent subjects received NTX 0.125 mg, 0.250 mg or placebo daily for 6 days, together with methadone in tapering doses. VLNTX-treated individuals reported attenuated withdrawal symptoms [F = 7.24 (2,170); P = 0.001] and reduced craving [F = 3.73 (2,107); P = 0.03]. Treatment effects were more pronounced at discharge and were not accompanied by a significantly higher retention rate. There were no group differences in use of adjuvant medications and no treatment-related adverse events. Further studies should explore the use of VLNTX, combined with full and partial opioid agonist medications, in detoxification and long-term treatment of opioid dependence.
2‐Benzazepines. 7. Synthesis of pyrimido[5,4‐<i>d</i>][2]benzazepines (1983)

Abstract Two novel syntheses of pyrimido[5,4‐ d ][2]benzazepines are described. The first synthesis started with 3‐phenylphthalide which in three steps was converted to a functionalized pyrimidine which was cyclized to give the 2‐benzazepine ring system. The second approach used o ‐benzoylbenzoic acid methyl ester as the starting material, which in four steps was converted to a functionalized pyrimidine which was cyclized to give a 2‐benzazepine. Pyrimido[5,4‐ d ][2]benzazepines have been found to have activity in standard central nervous system (CNS) pharmacological tests.
Securing ad hoc networks (1999)

Ad hoc networks are a new wireless networking paradigm for mobile hosts. Unlike traditional mobile wireless networks, ad hoc networks do not rely on any fixed infrastructure. Instead, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. Military tactical and other security-sensitive operations are still the main applications of ad hoc networks, although there is a trend to adopt ad hoc networks for commercial uses due to their unique properties. One main challenge in the design of these networks is their vulnerability to security attacks. In this article, we study the threats on ad hoc network faces and the security goals to be achieved. We identify the new challenges and opportunities posed by this new networking environment and explore new approaches to secure its communication. In particular, we take advantage of the inherent redundancy in ad hoc networks-multiple routes between nodes-to defend routing against denial-of-service attacks. We also use replication and new cryptographic schemes, such as threshold cryptography, to build a highly secure and highly available key management service, which terms the core of our security framework.
358. Acylation. Part VII. The kinetics and mechanism of the enol-acetylation of acetophenone by isopropenyl acetate catalysed by toluene-p-sulphonic acid (1962)

E. A. Jeffery and D. P. N. Satchell, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 1906 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620001906
Exploring the shape of objects with curved surfaces using tactile sensing (1996)

An approach to shape description is proposedcalled a "Blind Man's" approachin which tactile information is sensed from the fingertips of a dexterous hand.Using this contact information, two complementary exploratory procedures (EPs) are investigated for curvature estimation and shape description.The first EP (EPI) is based on rolling one finger to estimate curvature at a point on the surface.Montana's equations are used to estimate curvature at a point in simulation and analyze the sensitivity of the approach to noise.The second EP (EP2) uses multiple fingers of a dexterous robot hand to slide along a surface while sensing contact points and surface normals.The surface normal information at the contact points is incorporated into a B-spline surface fit of the data obtained from EP2. Koenderink's shape parameters (S, R) and a confidence estimate of these parameters, are calculated over the B-spline surface.
[Expression of recombinant BPI23-Fc gamma 1 fusion protein in CHO cells]. (2001)

The fusion gene of BPI23 and human Fc gamma 1 was obtained by PCR method, and the expression plasmid was constructed to express recombinant BPI23-Fc gamma 1 fusion protein in CHO cells. After transfection with the plasmid and selection by methotrexate, the cell lines expressing the fusion protein were obtained. The recombinant protein was purified using cation-exchange chromatography and its bioactivity was proved with bactericidal assays.
Multi-level transmission line circuits for MMICs (1990)

Even since their conception in the 1970s, GaAs MMICs have used conventional microstripline techniques. The semi-insulating GaAs substrate is used to confine the field around the conductors, with the back face metalised and grounded. The microstriplines' widths scale directly with the chip thickness, so that 100 mu m and 200 mu m is usually used to allow a reasonable range of line impedances and widths. With such wide conductors, however, the gaps between lines must be enormous to prevent coupling problems. In addition, for operation above around 12 GHz, devices and components can only be effectively grounded with through-GaAs via-hole technology. This technology is expensive, and limits the maximum wafer size that can be handled safely, because of the extra fragility. This limit on wafer diameter is the biggest problem for keeping chip costs down. In addition, at millimetric frequencies the via-hole inductance becomes significant. Because of these problems with conventional microstrip circuits, there is now a lot of interest in using coplanar waveguide instead, particularly in Japan. Coplanar waveguide does not use a grounded backface, and its dimensions do not depend much on the substrate thickness; thus via-holes are eliminated and a chip thickness of 600 mu m is acceptable. The wafer diameter can be increased significantly, yielding many more chips per wafer and reducing their cost. The major disadvantage of CPW is that the ground planes must go wherever the signal conductor goes; in a simple amplifier this is not a problem, but in a complex multi-function chip the interconnection problems are impossible to solve neatly. There is a potential solution to all these problems. In addition to using coplanar techniques, one can add additional metal layers and dielectric layers to the basic GaAs CPW. This gives the circuit designer the ability to use a new family of basic transmission-line types.
Avian host defense cathelicidins: structure, expression, biological functions, and potential therapeutic applications (2020)

Host defense peptides (HDP) are multifunctional effectors of the innate immune system, which has antimicrobial and pleiotropic immunomodulatory functions. Although there is a very sophisticated superposition of adaptive immune systems in vertebrates, this system is still essential. As an important family of HDP, cathelicidins are also known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. It has been found in humans and other species, including cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, chickens, rabbits, and some kind of fish. Among them, cathelicidins in birds were described for the first time in 2005. This review focuses on the structure, biological activities, expression, and regulation of avian cathelicidin, especially main effects of host defense cathelicidin on potential therapeutic applications. According to the results obtained both in vitro and in vivo, good perspectives have been opened for cathelicidin. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better characterize the mechanisms of action underlying the beneficial effects of cathelicidin as novel therapeutic alternatives to antibiotics.
Evidence of a Role for Nonmuscle Myosin II in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Egress (2002)

ABSTRACT After cell entry, herpes simplex virus (HSV) particles are transported through the host cell cytoplasm to nuclear pores. Following replication, newly synthesized virus particles are transported back to the cell periphery via a complex pathway including a cytoplasmic phase involving some form of unenveloped particle. These various transport processes are likely to make use of one or more components of the cellular cytoskeletal systems and associated motor proteins. Here we report that the HSV type 1 (HSV-1) major tegument protein, VP22, interacts with the actin-associated motor protein nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). HSV-1 infection resulted in reorganization of NMIIA, inducing retraction of NMIIA from the cell periphery and condensation into a spoke-like distribution around the nucleus along with a second effect of accumulation in a perinuclear cluster. VP22 did not appear to colocalize with the reorganized cagelike distribution of NMIIA. However, VP22 has been previously reported to localize in a perinuclear vesicular pattern, and significant overlap was observed between this pattern and the perinuclear clusters of NMIIA. Inhibition of the ATPase activity of NMIIA with the myosin-specific inhibitor butanedione monoxime impaired the formation of the perinuclear vesicular VP22 accumulations and also the release of virus into the extracellular medium while having much less effect on the yield of cell-associated virus. Virus infection frequently results in the induction of highly extended processes emanating from the infected cell, and we observed that VP22-containing particles line up along NMIIA-containing filaments which run through these protrusions.
Synthesis of Beryl under High Pressure and Temperature (1965)

Clear single crystals of beryl have been obtained at pressures of 10 000 atm and above by melting beryl powder and allowing it to crystallize under the high pressure. The difficulties associated with this method of crystal synthesis are discussed in detail.
Revising buffering in multihop CSMA/CA wireless networks (2007)

We look at a multihop wireless path with relay nodes running some CSMA/CA protocol. We show that current buffering schemes with a drop-tail policy lead to low throughput, independently of any other MAC layer issues. We propose a simple alternative buffering policy, where relay nodes are essentially bufferless. We show that even without buffering, the network can be stabilized in a regime where the link utilization is optimal, through very simple amendments to the MAC layer. Furthermore, the network operation stays self-organized and resilient to mild interference and transmission failures. Exploiting a packet/hole duality property of the system, we suggest extensions for handling bidirectional traffic along the path, and more general mesh network configurations.
Design and layout of microstrip structures (1988)

The purpose of the review is to provide an up-to-date coverage of the field of microstrips, the general appearance of printed circuits and antennas, the techniques utilised to fabricate and connect them, the materials most currently used and, finally, the powerful computer software available to analyse and design, and actually to prepare and to cut the masks required to manufacture circuits and antennas. The review is completed by an extended bibliography.
Advancing Rapid Point-Of-Care Viral Diagnostics to a Clinical Setting (2015)

We discuss here critical factors in ensuring the success of a viral diagnostic at the point of care. Molecular and immunoassay approaches are reviewed with a focus on their ability to meet the infrastructure and workflow limitations in clinical settings in both the developed and developing world. In addition to being low cost, easy-to-use, accurate and adapted for the intended laboratory and healthcare environment, viral diagnostics must also provide information that appropriately directs clinical treatment decisions. We discuss the challenges and implications of linking diagnostics to clinical decision-making at the point of care using three examples: respiratory viruses in the developed world, differential fever diagnosis in the developing world and HPV detection in resource-limited settings.
High-performance RF-interconnect for 3D stacked memory (2017)

A high-performance 3D RF transceiver with improved through-silicon via (TSV) geometry and matching for future 3D stacked memory has been introduced. It utilizes optimization method to achieve impedance matching and maximize signal integrity. TSV is accurately modeled using 3D EM solver tool (HFSS) with the matching network to generate S-parameter accurately. The proposed transceiver scheme is simulated in 65nm CMOS technology at 1V. The results show that the whole structure consumes 11.32mW and accomplishes data rate of 4Gb/s/pin.
ADS-5102 (Amantadine) Extended-Release Capsules for Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease (EASE LID 2 Study): Interim Results of an Open-Label Safety Study (2017)

ADS-5102 was generally well tolerated in all groups, including DBS patients, and the safety profile was consistent with previous controlled studies. Long-term durability and tolerability were shown from the double-blind studies through participation in the open-label study up to 88 weeks.
[Effect of nonselective beta-adrenoblocker carvedilol on extrasystolic and postextrasystolic contractility in the rat myocardium after experimental infarction]. (2010)

Features of the extrasystolic and postextrasystolic contractility of myocardium isolated from rats aged 4 months (group I, n = 30) and 12 months (group II, n = 30) after postinfarction remodeling of the heart (PIRH) and long-term treatment with carvedilol have been studied. Each age group included in 10 intact control animals, 10 animals with postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS), and 10 rats with PICS treated with carvedilol (2.1 mg/kg) during 28 days, beginning with the 45th day after coronary occlusion. The isometric contractility of myocardium was monitored at an electric stimulation frequency of 0.5 Hz. The extrasystolic effect was produced by an electric pulse applied within 0.2 - 5 s interval after the basic stimulation. It is established that the inotropic response of myocardium to the extrasystolic impulse exhibits age-dependent features both the intact rats and in the rats with PICS. The differences can be related to the age-dependent involvement of the ion-transport systems of sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum into the modulation of excitation--contractility coupling during PIRH. The long-term treatment with carvedilol led to restoration of the Ca(2+)-accumulation reserve of sarcoplasmic reticulum to the age-normal level in young animalsand decreased the risk of development of hemodynamically significant heart rate disturbances in old rats.
Reflexive Field Containment in Dynamic Inductive Power Transfer Systems (2013)

We present a new topology appropriate for “dynamic” wireless charging. Possible applications include charging of electric vehicles or robots moving in a large, predesignated area. We propose a system with a transmitter made from multiple coils commensurable with the moving receiver(s), and powered by a single inverter. The proposed system uses the reactance reflected by the receiver to automatically increase the field strength in coupled portions of the transmitter-receiver system, thus allowing efficient power transfer and adherence to electromagnetic field emission standards without complex shielding circuits, switches, electronics, and communication. The power transfer is at its peak when the transmitting and receiving coils approach their maximum coupling (as defined by the geometrical constraints of the system), resulting in improved system-level efficiency. The presented analysis is supported with simulations and experiments.
Single-Stage Three-Phase AC–AC Matrix Converter for Inductive Power Transfer Systems (2016)

A direct three-phase ac-ac matrix converter for inductive power transfer (IPT) systems with soft-switching operation is introduced. The proposed topology is expected to have a high reliability and extended lifetime due to the soft-switching operation and elimination of short-life electrolytic capacitors. The soft-switching operation will also reduce switching stress, switching loss, and electromagnetic interference of the converter. A variable-frequency control strategy based on the energy-injection and free-oscillation technique is used to regulate the resonant current, the resonant voltage, and the output power. With the use of reverse-blocking switches, the proposed converter can be built with a reduced number of switches (only seven), which will consequently increase the reliability and efficiency and reduce the cost of the converter. The converter operates in eight modes, which are described in detail. With the use of the proposed converter as the primary converter, simulation analysis and experimental implementations on a case study IPT system show that the current regulation control method can fully regulate the output current and output power around user-defined reference values, thus making it suitable for dynamic IPT applications, where the system has inherent variations.
Native Platelet Aggregation and Response to Aspirin in Persons With the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components (2009)

Among persons with an increased risk for CAD, metabolic syndrome was independently associated with overall greater platelet aggregation and activation at baseline and lesser, though significant, effect following aspirin, suggesting that low-dose aspirin therapy alone may not be sufficient to provide optimal antiplatelet protection in persons with metabolic syndrome.
[Treatment of angina pectoris. New perspectives]. (1986)

Myocardial ischaemia results from complex interrelated processes involving progression of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, coronary spasm, platelet aggregation and local release of products from the arachidonic acid cascade. Endothelium-dependent responsiveness contributes to the local regulation of coronary blood flow, and the presence of endothelial damage may result in enhanced contraction of the smooth muscle. Drugs which have been used for the treatment of angina pectoris are able to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. This concept will further be developed in the near future with beta-blocking agents with vasodilating properties, potent long acting nitrates (nicorandil), bradycardic agents (AQA 39 or AS-AH 208), and new calcium antagonists. However, future prospects in the treatment of angina pectoris include: drugs modifying the arachidonic acid cascade by increasing synthesis or release of prostacyclin (nafazatrom) or decreasing prostacyclin degradation (almitrine), or blocking thromboxane A2 synthetase (dazoxiben) or thromboxane A2 receptors (BM 13177) or, blocking the lipoxygenase pathway (nafazatrom) or prostacyclin analogues (iloprost); more clot-specific thrombolytic agents and new oral anticoagulant drugs; free-radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutase, catalase or peroxidase and drugs inhibiting xanthine-oxidase; anti-platelet drugs such as ticlopidine which blocks the fibrinogen receptors of platelets; drugs preventing the progression of atherosclerosis lesions such as nifedipine or verapamil in animals fed high-lipid diets; drugs which could modify myocardial metabolism during ischaemia. In this context, trimetazidine acts through prevention of ischaemia-induced decrease in ATP cellular storages, inhibition of potassium leak, decrease in free-radical production and thromboxane A2 synthesis and increase in prostacyclin synthesis. These new concepts provide an important contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia. This explains the considerable development of pharmacological research for new agents in the treatment of angina pectoris.
Ultrasonic modulation of persistent spectral holes in crystals (1983)

Persistent IR spectral holes in KI:ReO−4 and in RbI:ReO−4 crystals have been both modulated and erased with 10-MHz ultrasound. This mechanical modulation of the hole depth leads to a new phase-insensitive optical detector for ultrasonic waves in solids.