gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la geometría de la circulación hidrotermal en granitos mineralizados del área de San Rafael (Sistema Central Español) (1999)

Se describe la puesta a punto de una nueva metodologia que permite describir la geometria
de la migracion de los fluidos a traves de granitos.a partir del estudio estadistico de los planos de
inciusiones fluidas (FIP). Asi mismo, se ha realizado el analisis fisicoquimico de los fluidos atrapados
en los diferentes FIP. Para llevarlo a cabo se ha, seleccionado un macizo granitico con filones
mineralizados con wolframita (San Rafael, Segovia), que se considera representativo. Se han
identificado los siguientes tipos de fluidos: (i) fluidos acuosos hipersaiinos, localizados exclusivamente
en la zona de greisen que rodea a los filones mineraiizados. Se orientan preferentemente N50° ±
15°E; (ii) fluidos acuoso-carbonicos de probable origen metarnorfico que estan ligados a la
mineralizacion: Se encuentran atrapados en FIP con direcciones de baja salinidad (H20-NaCI). Los FIP que contienen a tales fuidos afectan a las estructuras previas
mostrando direcciones complejas, preferentemente WS. Se han observado cambios importantes en
la distribucion de determinados fluidos a lo largo del macizo granitico y en las direcciones preferentes
tanto locales como regionales. Los cambios regionales indicarian una probable rotacion de la direccion
de maximo esfuerzo. Finalmente, se propone una relacion entre las direcciones de los ejes de esfuerzos
y las determinadas a partir de macroestructuras por otros autores en este sector del Sistema Central.
Power Control in Cellular Radio Systems (1998)

this paper holds for both down-link (i.e. base station to mobile station) and up-link communication and is not restricted to second generation systems, although this was our main motivation. An important quantity related to the transmission quality is the carrier-tointerference ratio, C/I, determined by the ratio of the desired and the undesired signal powers at the receiver. The C/I at mobile station i is denoted by ¯ fl i . The dominating approach is to use an integrating controller (I-controller in PID terms) regulating towards a target reference value ¯ fl tgt which is common to all users. This value is a compromise to satisfy the subscribers (high ¯ fl tgt
Observations on Using Simulated Annealing for Dynamic Channel Allocation in 802.11 WLANs (2008)

Reliable channel selection for each Access Point (AP) is essential in setting up and operating densely deployed 802.11 WLANs. The aim of the channel selection is to provide efficient reuse of spectrum and therefore minimize interference and improve user experience. This paper highlights the potential of using Simulated Annealing (SA) to solve the channel selection problem in single-hop multi-AP 802.11b/g networks. The objective is to develop a framework to gauge how well the SA performs in a wireless communication environment. This involves the design of neighboring state transition scheme, annealing schedule selection and the analysis of their impact on the system performance. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm solves the channel allocation problem and finds assignments very close to the known optimal solutions for many different network topologies.
Dengue virus replication in a polyploid mosquito cell culture grown in serum-free medium (1982)

A subline of a polyploid cell line (TRA-284) derived from a nonbiting mosquito, Toxorhynchites amboinensis, was adapted to a serum-free medium. The sensitivity of the subline (TRA-284-SF) to all serotypes of adapted dengue viruses was generally comparable to that of Aedes albopictus (C6/36), and DEN 3 viruses replicated to higher titers in TRA-28F-SF cells than in C6/36 cells. The subline was found to be useful for isolation of dengue viruses from human serum, since isolation rates were higher in TRA-284-SF cells than in C6/36 cells. The advantages of using a serum-free medium and mosquito cells for virus isolation are discussed.
Regenerative and Therapeutic Effects of Heparin-binding Epidermal Growth Factor-like Growth Factor on Diabetes by Gene Transduction Through Retrograde Pancreatic Duct Injection of Adenovirus Vector (2005)

These results indicate that HB-EGF gene transduction into adult pancreatic duct cells not only promotes the proliferation of pre-existing beta cells but also leads to beta-cell differentiation from duct cells, and the resulting increase in beta-cell mass improves glucose tolerance.
Pillared Graphene: A New 3-D Network Nanostructure for Enhanced Hydrogen Storage (2008)

A multiscale theoretical approach was used to investigate hydrogen storage in a novel three-dimensional carbon nanostructure. This novel nanoporous material has by design tunable pore sizes and surface areas. Its interaction with hydrogen was studied thoroughly via ab initio and grand canonical Monte Carlo calculations. Our results show that, if this material is doped with lithium cations, it can store up to 41 g H2/L under ambient conditions, almost reaching the DOE volumetric requirement for mobile applications.
The Sample-Complexity of General Reinforcement Learning (2013)

We present a new algorithm for general reinforcement learning where the true environment is known to belong to a finite class of N arbitrary models. The algorithm is shown to be near-optimal for all but O(N log^2 N) time-steps with high probability. Infinite classes are also considered where we show that compactness is a key criterion for determining the existence of uniform sample-complexity bounds. A matching lower bound is given for the finite case.
Shift-Invariance Sparse Coding for Audio Classification (2012)

Sparse coding is an unsupervised learning algorithm that learns a succinct high-level representation of the inputs given only unlabeled data; it represents each input as a sparse linear combination of a set of basis functions. Originally applied to modeling the human visual cortex, sparse coding has also been shown to be useful for self-taught learning, in which the goal is to solve a supervised classification task given access to additional unlabeled data drawn from different classes than that in the supervised learning problem. Shift-invariant sparse coding (SISC) is an extension of sparse coding which reconstructs a (usually time-series) input using all of the basis functions in all possible shifts. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm for learning SISC bases. Our method is based on iteratively solving two large convex optimization problems: The first, which computes the linear coefficients, is an L1-regularized linear least squares problem with potentially hundreds of thousands of variables. Existing methods typically use a heuristic to select a small subset of the variables to optimize, but we present a way to efficiently compute the exact solution. The second, which solves for bases, is a constrained linear least squares problem. By optimizing over complex-valued variables in the Fourier domain, we reduce the coupling between the different variables, allowing the problem to be solved efficiently. We show that SISC's learned high-level representations of speech and music provide useful features for classification tasks within those domains. When applied to classification, under certain conditions the learned features outperform state of the art spectral and cepstral features.
New Approaches to Improve Timing Resolution in Scintillators (2012)

The future generation of radiation detectors is more and more demanding on timing performance for a wide range of applications, such as time of flight (TOF) techniques for PET cameras and particle identification in nuclear physics and high energy physics detectors, precise event time tagging in high luminosity accelerators and a number of photonic applications based on single photon detection. A detailed analysis of the factors limiting timing resolution in scintillators is presented. Several solutions are proposed to overcome these limitations assuming the photodetector and the readout electronics are not the limiting factors. On the scintillator side both the light production and the light transport are addressed. The light production timing parameters are driven by three factors: relaxation time of hot electron-hole pairs; creation of excitons and their trapping on luminescent centers; and strength of the luminescent center transition matrix element. The opportunity to make use of Cerenkov emission and to reactivate research lines on cross-luminescence and more generally on interband luminescence, as well as on populating a high carrier density donor band is discussed. A particular emphasis is put on the possibilities offered by quantum confinement. On the side of light transport a better understanding of the statistical distribution of optical photons at the photodetector is building-up progressively. Different approaches to make use of this knowledge are proposed, such as photonic crystals, single photon counting techniques and light channeling in metamaterials.
Unintelligible Low-Frequency Sound Enhances Simulated Cochlear-Implant Speech Recognition in Noise (2006)

Speech can be recognized by multiple acoustic cues in both frequency and time domains. These acoustic cues are often thought to be redundant. One example is the low-frequency sound component below 300 Hz, which is not even transmitted by the majority of communication devices including telephones. Here, we showed that this low-frequency sound component, although unintelligible when presented alone, could improve the functional signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by 10-15 dB for speech recognition in noise when presented in combination with a cochlear-implant simulation. A similar low-frequency enhancement effect could be obtained by presenting the low-frequency sound component to one ear and the cochlear-implant simulation to the other ear. However, a high-frequency sound could not produce a similar speech enhancement in noise. We argue that this low-frequency enhancement effect cannot be due to linear addition of intelligibility between low- and high-frequency components or an increase in the physical SNR. We suggest a brain-based mechanism that uses the voice pitch cue in the low-frequency sound to first segregate the target voice from the competing voice and then to group appropriate temporal envelope cues in the target voice for robust speech recognition under realistic listening situations.
Structural preferences of beta-galactoside-reactive lectins on Actinomyces viscosus T14V and Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 (1983)

Specificities of lectins on Actinomyces viscosus T14V and Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 were compared by measuring the abilities of D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, 14 beta-D-galacto-oligosaccharides, and 2 beta-D-fuco-oligosaccharides to inhibit coaggregation between Streptococcus sanguis 34 and each actinomycete. Inhibition profiles were similar, but WVU45 was significantly more sensitive to several inhibitors. D-Galactose-beta(1 leads to 3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine glycosides were most potent.
Synthesis and characterization of <scp>L</scp>‐tyrosine based polyurethanes for biomaterial applications (2008)

The use of amino acid based polymers for biomaterial applications enhance biocompatibility and ensure biodegradability. Two polyurethanes based on L-tyrosine based diphenolic dipeptide, desaminotyrosyl tyrosine hexyl ester as chain extender are synthesized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polycaprolactone diol (PCL) as soft segment and hexamethylene diisocyanate as diisocyanate. The chemical structure and molecular characteristics of the polymers were studied by 1H NMR, FTIR, and gel permeation chromatography. Results of DSC and TGA analysis were used for examining the thermal behavior of the polyurethanes. In addition, DSC results were used to analyze the morphology of the polymers, which shows characteristic microphase behavior of the polyurethanes. The tensile properties of the polyurethanes are primarily controlled by the soft segment and are higher in PCL based polymers. Contact angle, water vapor permeation, release of model drug, and water absorption characteristics of the polymers were studied and analyzed in terms of structure of the polyurethanes. In vitro degradation studies show that PEG based polyurethane is more degradable than PCL based polyurethane. The difference in the soft segment structure offers significant variation in the properties of the polyurethanes. These polyurethanes show the potential for use in a variety of biomaterial applications including tissue engineering.
Drug‐induced sleep endoscopy in sleep‐disordered breathing: Report on 1,249 cases (2013)

The current study provides an overview of UA collapse patterns in a large cohort of SDB patients who underwent DISE. The associations found in this study may indicate that UA collapse patterns observed during DISE cannot be fully explained by selected baseline polysomnographic and anthropometric characteristics.
Relationship between active phosphate and chlorophyl-a in near-shore water of Beihai Peninsula,Guangxi (2003)

Based on the investigation materials in seven voyages from 1992 to 1999, the distribution characteristics of active phosphate and its relation with Chl a in the near shore waters of Beihai Peninsula were studied. The results showed that the change characteristics of active phosphate contents differed obviously with various supplementing and consuming speeds. The correlation analysis indicated that in winter there are negative correlation tendencies between the active phosphate and Chl a, and in spring positive correlation tendencies between them. The supplement resource of nitrogen is far richer than that of phosphorus. Most of the N/P ratios are higher than 39.11 except that in very few voyages, which are far higher than the Redfield ratio 16. Active phosphate is the major factor influencing the phytoplankton, and the important factor inducing the red tide, too.
SDN-based cloud computing networking (2013)

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a concept which provides the network operators and data centres to flexibly manage their networking equipment using software running on external servers. According to the SDN framework, the control and management of the networks, which is usually implemented in software, is decoupled from the data plane. On the other hand cloud computing materializes the vision of utility computing. Tenants can benefit from on-demand provisioning of networking, storage and compute resources according to a pay-per-use business model. In this work we present the networking issues in IaaS and networking and federation challenges that are currently addressed with existing technologies. We also present innovative software-define networking proposals, which are applied to some of the challenges and could be used in future deployments as efficient solutions. cloud computing networking and the potential contribution of software-defined networking along with some performance evaluation results are presented in this paper.
Luttinger liquid theory as a model of the gigahertz electrical properties of carbon nanotubes (2002)

Presents a technique to directly excite Luttinger liquid collective modes in carbon nanotubes at gigahertz frequencies. By modeling the nanotube as a nano-transmission line with distributed kinetic and magnetic inductance as well as distributed quantum and electrostatic capacitance, we calculate the complex frequency-dependent impedance for a variety of measurement geometries. Exciting voltage waves on the nano-transmission line is equivalent to directly exciting the yet-to-be observed one-dimensional plasmons, the low energy excitation of a Luttinger liquid. Our technique has already been applied to two-dimensional plasmons and should work well for one-dimensional plasmons. Tubes of length 100 microns must be grown for gigahertz resonance frequencies. Ohmic contact is not necessary with our technique; capacitive contacts can work. Our modeling has applications in potentially terahertz nanotube transistors and RF nanospintronics.
Structure and expression of spinach leaf cDNA encoding ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase. (1988)

Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase is a recently discovered enzyme that catalyzes the activation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ["rubisco"; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; 3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39] in vivo. Clones of rubisco activase cDNA were isolated immunologically from spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana libraries. Sequence analysis of the spinach and Arabidopsis cDNAs identified consensus nucleotide binding sites, consistent with an ATP requirement for rubisco activase activity. A derived amino acid sequence common to chloroplast transit peptides was also identified. After synthesis of rubisco activase in vitro, the transit peptide was cleaved and the protein was transported into isolated chloroplasts. Analysis of spinach and Arabidopsis nuclear DNA by hybridization indicated a single rubisco activase gene in each species. Leaves of spinach and Arabidopsis wild type contained a single 1.9-kilobase rubisco activase mRNA. In an Arabidopsis mutant lacking rubisco activase protein, mRNA species of 1.7 and 2.1 kilobases were observed under conditions of high-stringency hybridization with a wild-type cDNA probe. This observation indicates that the lesion in the mutant arises from an error in mRNA processing.
Analytical model for effects of twisting on litz-wire losses (2014)

Litz wire uses complex twisting to balance currents between strands. Most models assume that the twisting works perfectly to accomplish this balancing, and thus are not helpful in choosing the details of the twisting configuration. A complete model that explicitly models the effect of twisting on loss is introduced. Skin effect and proximity effect are each modeled at the level of the individual strands and at each level of the twisting construction. Comparisons with numerical simulations are used to verify the model. The results are useful for making design choices for the twisting configuration and the pitches of each twisting step. Windings with small numbers of turns are the most likely to have significant bundle-level effects that are not captured by conventional models, and are the most important to model and optimize with this approach.
Social media meta-API (2012)

Social Network (SN) environments are the ideal future service marketplaces. It is well known and documented that SN users are increasing at a tremendous pace. Taking advantage of these social dynamics as well as the vast volumes, of amateur content generated every second, is a major step towards creating a potentially huge market of services. In this paper, we describe the external web services that SocIoS project is researching and developing, and will support with the Social Media community. Aiming to support the end users of SNs, to enhance their transactions with more automated ways, and with the advantage for better production and performance in their workflows over SNs inputs and content, this work presents the main architecture, functionality, and benefits per external service. Finally, introduces the end user, into the new era of SNs with business applicability and better social transactions over SNs content.
The Structure and Function of Attitudes Toward Organizational Change (2005)

In this article, an attitudinal perspective on organizational members’ reactions to change is proposed and developed. By viewing change as an attitude object in this sense, a richer conceptualization of perceptions of change and reactions to change in terms of emotions, cognitions, and behaviors is achieved. The perspective also frames organizational changes in terms of aspects that are relevant for change recipients because of their relationships with important values that are held by organizational members. To identify classes of beliefs underlying the formation of attitudes toward change, constructs are integrated from theories of job characteristics and organizational justice with the overarching attitude perspective. Research implications of the framework as well as implications for managing change are discussed.
Influence of activated sludge flocculation time on secondary clarification (1994)

ABSTRACT: The success of gravity separation of activated sludge from a treated effluent depends on the flocculent nature of the mixed liquor entering the secondary clarifier. Despite its importance to the overall effectiveness of the activated sludge process, flocculation phenomena are not routinely considered in the design and operation of the process. Further optimization of the activated sludge process to meet higher performance demands requires that the competing reactions of floc aggregation and breakup be maximized and minimized, respectively. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to develop an improved understanding of activated sludge flocculation. A theoretically based and easily performed batch flocculation procedure was developed. The procedure enabled the quantification of the flocculation characteristics of activated sludges. The procedure was field applied, testing 30 activated sludges obtained at 21 full‐scale facilities. Results obtained during the field study indicated that the equilibrium concentration of supernatant suspended solids following batch flocculation and settling is comparable for a wide variety of activated sludges regardless of the initial aggregative state of the mixed liquors or the aeration device employed. The results indicated that flocculation of activated sludge cannot be used to reduce supernatant suspended solids below a certain limit. Moreover, the results indicated that attainment of equilibrium is rapid; the activated sludge flocculation reaction in batch reactors was 99% complete within 10 minutes for all but six of the activated sludges studied. Field‐determined estimates of activated sludge flocculation characteristics can be used to predict the performance of flocculators placed either upstream of or in secondary clarifiers. These estimates also can be used to determine the impact of altering process variables on flocculation, thereby affording a procedure for optimizing an activated sludge's flocculation potential.
Nylon 6,6 Fiber Tensile Properties as a Function of Morphology (1981)

Nylon 6,6 amorphous and crystalline orientation and content data are reported herein for a fiber series produced by varying the degree of stretch in conventional spinning and drawing operations. Tensile elongation and tenacity are correlated exponentially with the amorphous orientation function. Crystalline orientation values were observed to be consistently high, varying only slightly with significant tensile property changes. In addition, crystalline and amorphous contents varied by no more than 12% and did not consistently correlate with tensile properties. Extrapolation of the tensile property/amorphous orientation correlations to perfect amorphous chain orientation in the fiber direction implies that, in principle, a nylon 6,6 fiber having 20 gpd (1765 kN.m/kg) tenacity and 5.4% elongation is attainable.
A Real-Time Eye Tracking System for Predicting and Preventing Postcompletion Errors (2011)

Procedural errors occur despite the user having the correct knowledge of how to perform a particular task. Previous research has mostly focused on preventing these errors by redesigning tasks to eliminate error prone steps. A different method of preventing errors, specifically postcompletion errors (e.g., forgetting to retrieve the original document from a photocopier), has been proposed by Ratwani, McCurry, and Trafton (2008), which uses theoretically motivated eye movement measures to predict when a user will make an error. The predictive value of the eye-movement-based model was examined and validated on two different tasks using a receiver-operating characteristic analysis. A real-time eye-tracking postcompletion error prediction system was then developed and tested; results demonstrate that the real-time system successfully predicts and prevents postcompletion errors before a user commits the error.