gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Least squares approximation of perfect reconstruction filter banks (1998)

Designing good causal filters for perfect reconstruction (PR) filter banks is a challenging task due to the unusual nature of the design constraints. We present a new least squares (LS) design methodology for approximating PRFBs that avoids most of these difficult constraints. The designer first selects a set of subband analysis filters from an almost unrestricted class of rational filters. Then, given some desired reconstruction delay, this design procedure produces the causal and rational synthesis filters that result in the best least squares approximation to a PRFB. This technique is built on a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system model for filter banks derived from the filter bank polyphase representation. Using this model, we frame the LS approximation problem for PRFBs as a causal LS equalization problem for MIMO systems. We derive the causal LS solution to this design problem and present an algorithm for computing this solution. The resulting algorithm includes a MIMO spectral factorization that accounts for most of the complexity and computational cost for this design technique. Finally, we consider some design examples and evaluate their performance.
Facilitation of Wide‐Crossing Through Embryo Rescue and Pollen Storage in Interspecific Hybridization of Cultivated Allium species (1987)

Up to 70% success has been achieved using a simple technique of in ovulo embryo rescue for generating progeny From crosses between Allium cepa and A. fistulosum and other wild species of Allium. Pollen storage in liquid nitrogen has overcome problems associated with lack of synchrony of flowering between Allium species. The use of pollen tube growth for predicting crossability is brought into question.
MINIREVIEW—POLYPHENOLS AND OXIDASES IN SUBSTRATUM ADHESION BY MARINE ALGAE AND MUSSELS (1998)

Minireviews do not have abstracts.
Application-oriented nitride substrates: The key to long-wavelength nitride lasers beyond 500 nm (2010)

We present results based on quantum mechanical estimates of the longest emission wavelength for nitride laser diodes grown on c-plane GaN/sapphire substrates. The results indicate that the absence of polarization-induced electric fields in nonpolar/semipolar GaN substrates does not necessarily guarantee that nitride lasers will operate at the longest possible wavelength for a given set of parameters. Our calculations suggest that the limit on the longest possible wavelength of nitride lasers is constrained by the lattice mismatch rather than by the strength of the polarization-induced electric field. Although it may be possible to develop lasers that approach the green portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (∼520 nm) by growing the structures on nonpolar/semipolar GaN substrates, the development of red and near-infrared nitride lasers appears extremely difficult by merely growing the structures on any crystallographic orientation of the GaN substrate. We suggest that efficient lasers emitting at the green, red, and near-infrared wavelengths can be developed by growing the laser structures on a proposed application-oriented nitride substrate (AONS) that is lattice-matched to the epilayers grown on it. The AONSs are bulk InxGa1−xN ternary substrates with Indium compositions chosen to lattice-match the epilayers to be grown on them. The concept of the AONS can be extended deep into the infrared region by increasing the Indium mole fraction of the quantum well layers in the active region of the laser and by choosing the AONS that best matches the specific wavelength desired. We believe it would be possible, by using this concept, to make nitride lasers at the fiber-optic communication windows at 1.3 and 1.55 μm, thus eliminating the need to use the hazardous arsenides/phosphides materials currently used to make the communications lasers.
Face and facial feature extraction from color image (2002)

This paper presents an automatic processing of human face from color images. The system works hierarchically from detecting the position of human face and its features (such as eyes, nose, mouth, etc.) to contours and feature points extraction. The position of human face and its parts are detected from the image by applying the integral projection method, which synthesize the color information (skin and hair color) and the edge information (intensity and sign). In order to extract the contour-line of face features we used a multiple active contour model with color information based energy terms. Facial feature points are decided based on the optimized contours. The proposed system is confirmed to be very effective and robust to deal with the image of faces in the complex background.
Drug induced arousal from the permanent vegetative state (2006)

Zolpidem appears an effective drug to restore brain function to some patients in the permanent vegetative state.
Modeling for size reduction of agglomerates in nanoparticle fluidization (2004)

Abstract Nanoparticle fluidization was studied in a centrifugal fluidized bed (CenFB) with variable gravitational acceleration (Gg) conditions. Agglomerate size variation in CenFB nanoparticles (7 nm) was examined with G and fluidization time. With increasing fluidization time, the agglomerate size was found to decrease and reach an equilibrium value after several hours. Higher G reduced agglomerate size. To elucidate these phenomena, a comprehensive model was developed based on the energy balance model with respect to energy consumption for disintegration of agglomerates. Experimental results showed good agreement with the proposed model. Effects of high G on agglomerate fluidization are clarified as follows. The critical minimum size of agglomerates, which is the agglomerate size estimated by the force balance model, is reduced by high G. Attainable energy for disintegration of agglomerates is increased, leading to decreased agglomerate size. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 2763–2771, 2004
Transparent, Flexible Heater Based on Hybrid 2D Platform of Graphene and Dry-Spun Carbon Nanotubes (2019)

A high-performance, flexible, and transparent heater based on a hybrid of dry-spun carbon nanotubes (CNT), which is pulled out directly from a super vertically aligned CNT forest, and graphene is fabricated. The electrical, optical, and electromechanical properties of two different kinds of hybrid devices, graphene above or below the CNT film, and simple CNT film heating devices that are made of one or two layers of CNTs, are studied. The results prove that the hybrid structured film heaters are superior to the simple CNT film heaters. The simple single-layer CNT film and double-layer CNT film heaters attain maximum temperatures of 48 and 64 °C with transmittances of 73 and 64% at a wavelength of 550 nm, respectively, whereas the single-layer CNT sheet/graphene/PET and graphene/single-layer CNT sheet/PET hybrid heaters attain maximum temperatures of 81 and 85 °C with transmittances of 68 and 71%, respectively. The 10 000 bending cycle test suggests that the graphene/single-layer CNT sheet/PET heater has good mechanical and thermal stability. Further, defrost test and portable heating with a 9 V battery prove the possibility of using the hybrid heater for vehicle defrosting, portable heating, and wearable devices.
维护为先——警惕一切细微征兆 现代预测维护系统能监测大多数设备的健康状况 (2009)

要取得建设新电厂的许可证已经越来越困难，因此维护某些被认为可能已过了壮年期的电厂变得比以前任何时候都更加重要。现代预测维护系统（MPMS）能监测电厂设备的健康状况，通过整理这些系统传递出来的大量信息，操作者就可以辨别出其重要趋势，包括系统组件故障的早期症状。
Simulation of gaseous diffusion in partially saturated porous media under variable gravity with lattice Boltzmann methods (2005)

Liquid distributions in unsaturated porous media under different gravitational accelerations and corresponding macroscopic gaseous diffusion coefficients were investigated to enhance understanding of plant growth conditions in microgravity. We used a single-component, multiphase lattice Boltzmann code to simulate liquid configurations in two-dimensional porous media at varying water contents for different gravity conditions and measured gas diffusion through the media using a multicomponent lattice Boltzmann code. The relative diffusion coefficients (D rel) for simulations with and without gravity as functions of air-filled porosity were in good agreement with measured data and established models. We found significant differences in liquid configuration in porous media, leading to reductions in D rel of up to 25% under zero gravity. The study highlights potential applications of the lattice Boltzmann method for rapid and cost-effective evaluation of alternative plant growth media designs under variable gravity.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections: risk factors and treatment outcome related to expression of the PER-1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (2006)

Therapeutic failure and increased hospital costs are associated with BSI episodes caused by PER-1-Pa strains. Thus, recognition and prompt reporting of ESBL-production appears a critical factor for the management of patients with serious P. aeruginosa infections.
Cascaded acoustooptic/fiber Fabry-Perot filter with finesse over 2000 (1993)

A compound optical filter consisting of an integrated acoustooptic filter in series with a fiber Fabry-Perot filter possesses a very high effective finesse of over 2000 as well as the unique multichannel passband capability of the acoustooptic filter. The fine-grain element in this pair is a narrow (0.5-AA) passband Fabry-Perot filter, and the coarse-grain element is a wide tuning range (130-nm) polarization-independent integrated acoustooptic filter. The composite device has the narrow passband of the Fabry-Perot, the wide tuning range of the acoustooptic filter and the tuning speed of the faster acoustooptic filter (5 mu s).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
New procedure of the Mitsunobu reaction as the key step in peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers synthesis (1999)

PNAs are relatively novel DNA analogues, intensively studied due to their potential as gene-targeted drugs with antigene and antisense properties. In 1996 we elaborated a new method of synthesis of PNA monomer backbones based on the Mitsunobu reaction with N-tosyl-protected (Tos) amino acid esters as acidic components of the reaction. Since the method used for the Tos group removal requires conditions incompatible with various functional groups, here we modified the procedure by replacing the tosyl group with o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl (o-NBS) group. Using the new procedure we obtained protected PNA monomer backbones with various amino acid side chains. The pseudodipeptide secondary amine groups were then deprotected by thiolysis, and after standard work-up acylated with thymin-1-ylacetic acid, to give the protected monomers. Since the deprotection of the secondary amine group occurs under mild conditions, the procedure is of general applicability and allows various modifications of PNA structure by using diverse beta-amino alcohols and alpha-amino acid esters.
High-Performance CGH Processor for Real-time Digital Holography (2008)

In this paper, we propose a new hardware architecture to generate digital hologram using the modified CGH (Computer Generated Hologram) algorithm for hardware implementation and design to FPGA platform. After analyzing the CGH algorithm, we propose an architecture of CGH cell which can efficiently generate digital hologram, and design CGH Kernel by configuring CGH Cell. Finally we implement CGH Processor with CGH Kernel, SDRAM Controller, DMA, etc. Performance of the proposed hardware can be proportionally increased through simply addition of CGH Cell in CGH Kernel, since a CGH Cell has operational independency. The proposed hardware was implemented using XC2VP70 FPGA of Xilinx and was stably operated in 200MHz clock frequency. It takes 0.205 second for generating 1,280×1,024 digital hologram from 3 dimensional object which has 40,000 light sources.
Compact self focusing piezoelectric generator using electrically pre-stressed transducer for strong sound pulses in therapy (2003)

New clinical concepts in therapy demand small shock heads. Reducing the size of piezoelectric shock heads will only be possible if the pressure generated at the surface of the shell can be increased so that, the total pressure at the focus remains very high. We propose to electrically pre-stress the piezoelectric material by applying a high electric field in the opposite direction of the polarization. To avoid depolarization, this field has to be applied only during a short time just before the emitting pulse which generates the compressive wave. Using this method, it was possible to reach, on a plane piston 20 mm diameter, a 5 MPa pressure value. According to this idea a very compact shock wave generator was designed. The generator made of a 1-3 piezo composite material has a diameter of 120 mm and a focal length of 120 mm too. The maximum pressure and the width of the compressive wave at the focus were respectively 60 MPa and 1.5 /spl mu/s. The focal zone measured at - 3dB is an ellipsoid 6 mm high in the propagating axis and 3 mm width in the perpendicular direction. The efficacy of this generator was measured as the number of shocks necessary to totally disintegrate plaster balls 15 mm in diameter mimicking the kidney stones. At full power the number of shocks was only 150 which is rather the same number as the one obtained using electrohydraulic machine generally considered as the gold standard. This results show that piezoelectric material may be advantageously used for the manufacturing of shock wave generators.
Subjectivism in Ethics--A Criticism (1951)

Subjectivism in Ethics—A Criticism Brand Blanshard Brand Blanshard Yale University, New Haven Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 1, Issue 2, January 1951, Pages 127–139, https://doi.org/10.2307/2216727 Published: 01 January 1951
Reduced virulence of Candida albicans mutants lacking the GNA1 gene encoding glucosamine-6-phosphate acetyltransferase (2000)

The yeast GNA1 gene encodes glucosamine-6-phosphate acetyltransferase which catalyses the reaction of glucosamine 6-phosphate with acetyl-CoA to form N-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate, a fundamental precursor in UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthesis. Candida albicans mutants lacking GNA1 were viable in the presence of N-acetylglucosamine. To confirm the physiological importance of C. albicans GNA1, the virulence of a C. albicans gna1Delta null mutant was examined in a mouse model of candidiasis. When injected intravenously into mice, the virulence of the C. albicans gna1Delta null mutant was significantly attenuated. The reduced virulence appeared to be the result of rapid clearance from host tissue. These data suggest that C. albicans GNA1 is required for survival of the fungus in host animals, probably because an insufficient level of N-acetylglucosamine is available from the host tissues.
Cachectin/TNF Production in Experimental Burns and Pseudomonas Infection (1988)

Burn injury and infection result in significant losses of lean tissue. The cytokine cachectin/tumor necrosis factor has been implicated in this process but is not uniformly detected during infection. We sought to determine the relationship between body composition changes and in vivo hepatic levels of pretranslational message for cachectin (messenger RNA) in a burn and infection rodent model. Adult Wistar rats were grouped as follows: (1) freely fed, (2) 30% burn, (3) 30% burn with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, (4) pair fed, and (5) 30% burn and infection with recombinant cachectin. Compared with controls or animals only burned, burned and infected rats had a 100% increase in hepatic cachectin messenger RNA content, lost carcass protein, and exhibited muscle loss with sparing of liver mass. Tissue production of cachectin as well as other cytokines may be sufficient to mediate several body composition changes observed in response to injury and infection.
FDM optical-loop buffer and its applications to a photonic ATM switch: FrontierNet (1995)

Photonic frequency-division-multiplexing (FDM) switching systems are expected to lead to large-capacity transport networks. We have proposed and demonstrated a photonic ATM switch architecture that uses FDM techniques; it is called FrontierNet.1,2 An optical buffer, which is an indispensable element in a photonic ATM switch, has also been demonstrated.3 This paper describes an experimental FDM optical-loop buffer and the bit-error-rate (BER) measurement of its stored packets.
Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor image analysis: a comparison of centroiding methods and image-processing techniques (2013)

Spot estimation accuracy of Shack-Hartmann images and its impact on Airborne Aero-Optic Laboratory (AAOL) wavefront statistics are addressed. A study is conducted of an individual spot simulated using a double sinc function under varying degrees of additive non-zero mean Gaussian noise within a 15×15 pixel area-of-interest. The focus of this paper is two-fold. First, the accuracy of four existing centroiding methods including first moment, convolution, Gaussian, and weighted first moment are compared. It is found that the weighted first moment centroid most accurately estimates spot centers but requires significantly more computational time with respect to the first moment method. Second, three image-processing techniques, including gamma correction, thresholding, and windowing, are analyzed to determine their influence on each centroiding method’s spot estimation accuracy. A fourth order gamma correction significantly reduces spot estimation error for three centroiding methods. The key result is that the accuracy of the first moment centroid with an applied gamma correction is comparable to the weighted first moment without the computational burden. Finally, the first moment centroid with gamma correction and weighted first moment centroid are applied to AAOL flight data. Wavefront statistics are computed and compared to the commonly used first moment centroid.
Antigenic Diversity of <i>Haemophilus somnus</i> Lipooligosaccharide: Phase-Variable Accessibility of the Phosphorylcholine Epitope (2000)

The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of Haemophilus somnus undergoes antigenic phase variation, which may facilitate evasion from the bovine host immune response and/or colonization and dissemination. However, LOS antigenic diversity in H. somnus has not been adequately investigated. In this study, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to various LOS epitopes were used to investigate antigenic variation and stability in LOS from H. somnus strains and phase variants. Clinical isolates of H. somnus exhibited intrastrain, as well as interstrain, antigenic heterogeneity in LOS when probed with MAbs to outer core oligosaccharide epitopes in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, epitopes reactive with MAbs directed predominately to the inner core heptose region were highly conserved. At least one epitope, which was expressed in few strains, was identified. One LOS component affected by phase variation was identified as phosphorylcholine (PCho), which is linked to the primary glucose residue. Inhibition ELISA, immunoblotting, and electrospray-mass spectrometry were used to confirm that MAb 5F5.9 recognized PCho. LOS reactivity with MAb 5F5.9 was associated with loss of most of the outer core oligosaccharide, indicating that reactivity with PCho was affected by phase variation of the glucose residues in this region. Our results indicate that outer core epitopes of H. somnus LOS exhibit a high degree of random, phase-variable antigenic heterogeneity and that such heterogeneity must be considered in the design of vaccines and diagnostic tests.
Ankylography: Three-Dimensional Structure Determination from a Single View (2009)

I will present a novel 3-D imaging modality, denoted ankylography, enabling complete 3-D structure determination from a single exposure using a monochromatic incident beam. We demonstrate ankylography with theoretical analysis, numerical simulations and experimental data.
Specular reflections from high-rise buildings in 900 MHz cellular systems (2002)

Wideband radio propagation measurements have been performed in Dallas with special emphasis on specular reflections from high-rise buildings as they typically appear in downtown areas of major US cities. The measurements were carried out at 908 MHz with the RCS 900 channel sounder. Specular reflections of groups of high-rise buildings, and in the vicinity of isolated buildings were measured. The results are presented both in the form of impulse responses and in a statistical manner along the chosen routes. It is found that reflections may give rise to two types of problems: they can cause considerable time spreads in a cell and significant signal levels in areas that are normally regarded as belonging to other cells.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, Mist1, induces maturation of mouse fetal hepatoblasts (2015)

Hepatic stem/progenitor cells, hepatoblasts, have a high proliferative ability and can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Therefore, these cells are considered to be useful for regenerative medicine and drug screening for liver diseases. However, it is problem that in vitro maturation of hepatoblasts is insufficient in the present culture system. In this study, a novel regulator to induce hepatic differentiation was identified and the molecular function of this factor was examined in embryonic day 13 hepatoblast culture with maturation factor, oncostatin M and extracellular matrices. Overexpression of the basic helix-loop-helix type transcription factor, Mist1, induced expression of mature hepatocytic markers such as carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase1 and several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in this culture system. In contrast, Mist1 suppressed expression of cholangiocytic markers such as Sox9, Sox17, Ck19, and Grhl2. CYP3A metabolic activity was significantly induced by Mist1 in this hepatoblast culture. In addition, Mist1 induced liver-enriched transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α, which are known to be involved in liver functions. These results suggest that Mist1 partially induces mature hepatocytic expression and function accompanied by the down-regulation of cholangiocytic markers.
Iterative equalization/decoding of TCM for frequency-selective fading channels (2002)

The severity of frequency-selective fading channels necessitates the combining of multiple diversity sources to achieve acceptable performance. Traditional techniques often perform the combining of different sources of diversity separately which may result in a significant performance degradation (uncoded systems, for example, outperform TCM codes when used in an interleaved frequency-selective fading channel with separate decoding and equalization). It was demonstrated that soft decision equalization techniques are necessary and sufficient for the application of TCM techniques over such channels. This enabling feature was obtained with relatively simple, low-latency, non-iterative algorithms. We investigate the applicability of more complex iterative equalization/decoding algorithms. Several configurations are examined using simulation and further improvements are demonstrated.