gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EWS/ETS fusion genes induce epithelial and neuroectodermal differentiation in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. (1999)

Ewing's sarcoma is the least differentiated member of the peripheral primitive neuroectodermal (pPNET) tumor family. Chromosomal translocations involving the EWS gene and five different Ets family transcription factor genes create fusion genes encoding aberrant transcription factors and are implicated in the vast majority of Ewing's sarcoma cases. Here, NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were infected with control (tk-neo or RAS) and two different EWS/ETS-expressing retroviruses. In vitro studies of established polyclonal lines expressing the two EWS/ETS genes, either EWS/FLI1 or EWS/ETV1, showed induction of cytokeratin 15 gene expression. Both fusion genes also caused characteristic gross morphologic, histologic, and ultrastructural changes in NIH 3T3 cells when transformed cell lines were injected into CB-17-scid mice. Native NIH 3T3 cells with a spindled cell morphology were converted to polygonal cells with high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratios that continued to express abundant cytokeratin. Extracellular collagen deposition was abolished, rough endoplasmic reticulum was markedly diminished, and rudimentary cell-cell attachments appeared. Most strikingly, neurosecretory-type dense core granules like those seen in pPNET were now evident. This murine model, created in mesenchyme-derived NIH 3T3 cells, demonstrated new characteristics of both neuroectodermal and epithelial differentiation and resembled small round cell tumors microscopically.
Multiple agent hybrid control for manufacturing systems (2002)

We discuss how our generic hybrid control architecture, the mulitple agent hybrid control architecture (MAHCA), can be implemented to capture the complexity of the manufacturing process in an incremental fashion. We provide an example of how a MAHCA network of agents can be used to solve a planning, scheduling and control problem. MAHCA allows for the online reactive matching of current logic and continuum constraints from plant sensors with user-defined logic. The MAHCA architecture supports incremental expansion of new components with greatly reduced requirements for expensive experimentation validation.
Efficiency-Optimized Speed Control System with Feed-Forward Compensation (1987)

A partial-state and an output feedback control system synthesis method with feed-forward compensation, which doesn't make use of the state observer procedure, are proposed. These are applied to an efficiency-optimized speed control system of a dc motor system. This leads to a decrease in the number of current detectors of the motor system and the channel of the A/D converter. Although they are useful in practice, these control systems are, to some extent, susceptible to noise due to the inclusion of high-order difference actions in the controller. It is inevitable that the transient response becomes slow if the weighting factors in the performance index are chosen so that the influence of noise is decreased. The feed-forward compensation is useful for improvement on the transient response of the control system. But, the feed-forward compensation method for the partial-state or the output feedback control system has not been proposed until now. In this paper, the feed-forward compensation method, which can be applied to all the control systems, is proposed and the effectiveness is examined experimentally. Also, the influence of noise for each control system and the improvement of the efficiency are investigated experimentally.
Algunos aportes acerca de la obra historiográfica de George Rudé. (1997)

El articulo presenta breves datos biograficos de George Rude, quien es considerado como uno de los mas brillantes estudiosos contemporaneos de la protesta popular en Europa. Se analizan dos de sus obras: La multitud en la Historia y  Revuelta popular , analisis de su obra que reflejan la realidad historica, fenomenos como las rebeliones raciales o estudiantiles o las revoluciones del Tercer Mundo, podrian obtener nuevos elementos de analisis a la luz de las interpretaciones de Rude.
Update from the latest WHO classification of MPNs: a user’s manual (2016)

The 2016 multiparameter World Health Organization (WHO) classification for Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) integrates clinical features, morphology, and genetic data to diagnose polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The main novelties are: (1) the reduction of the hemoglobin (Hb) level threshold to diagnose PV, now established at 16.5 g/dL for men and 16 g/dL for women (based on the identification of MPN patients with PV-consistent bone marrow [BM] features and a Hb level lower than that established in the 2008 WHO classification for PV); (2) the recognition of prefibrotic/early PMF, distinguishable from ET on the basis of BM morphology, an entity having a higher tendency to develop overt myelofibrosis or acute leukemia, and characterized by inferior survival; (3) the central role of BM morphology in the diagnosis of ET, prefibrotic/early PMF, PMF, and PV with borderline Hb values; megakaryocyte number and morphology (typical in ET, atypical in both PMF forms) accompanied by a new distinction of reticulin fibrosis grade in PMF (grade 1 in prefibrotic/early PMF and grade 2-3 in PMF) constitute diagnostic criteria; and (4) the inclusion of all mutually exclusive MPN driver mutations (JAK2, CALR, and MPL) as major diagnostic criteria in ET and PMF; 10% to 15% of these patients are triple negative, and in these cases the search for an additional clonal marker (eg, mutations in ASXL1, EZH2, TET2, IDH1/IDH2, SRSF2, and SF3B1) is warranted.
Error estimates for a bar code reconstruction method (2012)

We analyze a variational method for reconstructing a bar code signalfrom a blurry and noisy measurement. The bar code is modeled as abinary function with a finite number of transitions and a parametercontrolling minimal feature size. The measured signal is theconvolution of this binary function with a Gaussian kernel. In thiswork, we assume that the blur kernel is known andestablish conditions (involving noise level and variance of theconvolution kernel) under which the variational method consideredrecovers essentially the correct bar code.
Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, and Politics (2014)

By failing to take into account both the subject of law and the subject of the unconscious, the common approach adopted by biological psychiatry, cognitive psychology, and liberalism of the neoliberal subject, psychoanalysis is forced to innovate with a new approach to the subject by revisiting its concepts once re-articulated to the new social malaise.
Low Serum Levels of CD44, CD44v6, and Neopterin Indicate Immune Dysfunction in Chronic Pancreatitis (2001)

In accordance with other diseases of reduced immunoreactivity, depressed serum levels of biomarkers in chronic pancreatitis are caused by reduced T-lymphocyte and macrophage activation. By ruling out a significant influence of concomitant immunosuppressive factors, we conclude that the inflammatory process itself is the source of the depressed immune function, which might be restored by surgical resection.
Effect of anaesthesia-induced alterations in haemodynamics on<i>in vivo</i>kinetics of nitroxyl probes in electron spin resonance spectroscopy (2008)

Although the advent of in vivo electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has allowed analysis of the redox status of living animals, whether the haemodynamic condition affects the signal decay rate remains unknown. Three kinds of haemodynamic conditions were generated by changing the anaesthetic dosage in mice. Haemodynamics was analysed (n=6 each) and in vivo ESR was performed to measure the signal decay rates of three nitroxyl spin probes (carbamoyl-, carboxy- and methoxycarbonyl-PROXYL) at the chest and head regions (n=6 for each condition and probe). Haemodynamic analysis revealed negative inotropic and chronotropic effects on the cardiovascular system depending on the depth of anaesthesia. Although signal decay rates differed among three probes, they were not affected by heart rate alteration. In this study we report the haemodynamics-independent signal decay rate of nitoxyl probes.
The electronic structure of the borides <i>M</i> B6 (1954)

Abstract The electronic structure of the metallic borides MB6 is investigated theoretically by the tight-binding approximation. The stability of the crystal lattice is interpreted and it is pre­dicted that if M is a bivalent metal the crystal should be an insulator or photoconductor, but that if M has a valency greater than 2 the crystal should exhibit metallic conductivity. These predictions are consistent with the scanty experimental evidence.
A 64-Mb Chain FeRAM With Quad BL Architecture and 200 MB/s Burst Mode (2009)

A 64-Mb chain ferroelectric RAM (chainFeRAM) is fabricated using 130-nm 3-metal CMOS technology. A newly developed quad bitline architecture, which combines folded bitline configuration with shield bitline scheme, eliminates bitline-bitline (BL-BL) coupling noise. The quad bitline architecture also reduces the number of sense amplifiers and activated bitlines, resulting in the reduction of die size by 6.5% and cell array power consumption by 28%. Fast read/write of 60-ns cycle time as well as reliability improvement are realized by two high-speed error checking and correcting (ECC) techniques: 1) fast pre-parity calculation ECC sequence and 2) all-“0”-write-before-data-write scheme. Moreover, among nonvolatile memories reported so far, the 64 Mb chain FeRAM has achieved the highest read/write bandwidth of 200 MB/s with ECC. The chip size is 87.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with average cell size of 0.7191 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Optimal subchannel assignment in a two-hop OFDM relay (2007)

The paper studies subchannel assignment in a two-hop OFDM relay system in which the transmitting nodes (source and relay) have access to channel information and interference-related information. We show that with L-superadditive relay (performance) functions a simple ranking of subchannels leads to the optimal assignment with a very low computational complexity. Numerical results quantify the benefit of subchannel assignment in a frequency-selective channel.
Requirements for Specific Binding of Low Affinity Inhibitor Fragments to the SH2 Domain of<sup>pp60</sup>Src Are Identical to Those for High Affinity Binding of Full Length Inhibitors (2003)

Results from a novel approach which uses protein crystallography for the screening of a low affinity inhibitor fragment library are analyzed by comparing the X-ray structures with bound fragments to the structures with the corresponding full length inhibitors. The screen for new phospho-tyrosine mimics binding to the SH2 domain of (pp60)src was initiated because of the limited cell penetration of phosphates. Fragments in our library typically had between 6 and 30 atoms and included compounds which had either millimolar activity in a Biacore assay or were suggested by the ab initio design program LUDI but had no measurable affinity. All identified fragments were located in the phospho-tyrosine pocket. The most promising fragments were successfully used to replace the phospho-tyrosine and resulted in novel nonpeptidic high affinity inhibitors. The significant diversity of successful fragments is reflected in the high flexibility of the phospho-tyrosine pocket. Comparison of the X-ray structures shows that the presence of the H-bond acceptors and not their relative position within the pharmacophore are essential for fragment binding and/or high affinity binding of full length inhibitors. The X-ray data show that the fragments are recognized by forming a complex H-bond network within the phospho-tyrosine pocket of SH2. No fragment structure was found in which this H-bond network was incomplete, and any uncompensated H-bond within the H-bond network leads to a significant decrease in the affinity of full length inhibitors. No correlation between affinity and fragment binding was found for these polar fragments and hence affinity-based screening would have overlooked some interesting starting points for inhibitor design. In contrast, we were unable to identify electron density for hydrophobic fragments, confirming that hydrophobic interactions are important for inhibitor affinity but of minor importance for ligand recognition. Our results suggest that a screening approach using protein crystallography is particularly useful to identify universal fragments for the conserved hydrophilic recognition sites found in target families such as SH2 domains, phosphatases, kinases, proteases, and esterases.
Epitaxial single crystal Fe16N2 films grown by facing targets sputtering (1996)

α″-Fe16N2 single crystal films can be prepared successfully by facing targets sputtering directly onto NaCl(100) substrates in a mixture of argon and nitrogen gases. Both x-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope are employed to characterize the crystal structure of the films. The perfect electron diffraction patterns of α″-Fe16N2 single crystal in [1̄11], [011], and [001] directions can be distinctly observed by double tilting. These patterns confirm that the crystal structure of the films corresponds to a body-centered tetragonal (bct) lattice with the parameters of a=b=5.72 Å and c=6.29 Å . The x-ray diffraction patterns show that α″-Fe16N2 epitaxially grows on the NaCl(100) substrate with an orientation relationship α″-Fe16N2(001)∥NaCl(001) and α″-Fe16N2[100]∥NaCl[100]. The saturation magnetization of the Fe16N2 films is around 2100−2300 emu/cc, which agrees well with the value reported by Sugita et al..
Reading Users' Minds From Their Eyes: A Method for Implicit Image Annotation (2012)

This paper explores the possible solutions for image annotation and retrieval by implicitly monitoring user attention via eye-tracking. Features are extracted from the gaze trajectory of users examining sets of images to provide implicit information on the target template that guides visual attention. Our Gaze Inference System (GIS) is a fuzzy logic based framework that analyzes the gaze-movement features to assign a user interest level (UIL) from 0 to 1 to every image that appeared on the screen. Because some properties of the gaze features are unique for every user, our user adaptive framework builds a new processing system for every new user to achieve higher accuracy. The generated UILs can be used for image annotation purposes; however, the output of our system is not limited as it can be used also for retrieval or other scenarios. The developed framework produces promising and reliable UILs where approximately 53% of target images in the users' minds can be identified by the machine with an error of less than 20% and the top 10% of them with no error. We show in this paper that the existing information in gaze patterns can be employed to improve the machine's judgement of image content by assessment of human interest and attention to the objects inside virtual environments.
Impact of polymer-integrated optics on silicon wafer area networks (1990)

The maturation of silicon as a system wide "macrointegrated" technology suggests extremely compact, powerful computing systems in which communication will be among the most important functions. A silicon wafer area communication network which has the transmission function performed optically, ideally offers significant performance advantages over an electrical implementation, provided that it can be integrated compatibly within the electronic environment. Here, the suitability of long distance lightwave techniques for achieving the desired interconnection functionality is considered. The adaptations to conventional optical networks made necessary by electronic system cointegration constraints as well as the emerging role of optical polymers in achieving these adaptations at the wafer level are explored.
Identification of Novel and Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs of Dairy Goat Mammary Gland Tissues Using Solexa Sequencing and Bioinformatics (2012)

MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play an important role in various biological processes. Although most microRNAs expression profiles studies have been performed in humans or rodents, relatively limited knowledge also exists in other mammalian species. The identification of the full repertoire of microRNAs expressed in the lactating mammary gland of Capra hircus would significantly increase our understanding of the physiology of lactating mammary glands. In this study, two libraries were constructed using the lactating mammary gland tissues of Laoshan dairy goats (Capra hircus) during peak and late lactation. Solexa high-throughput sequencing technique and bioinformatics were used to determine the abundance and differential expression of the microRNAs between peak and late lactation. As a result, 19,044,002 and 7,385,833 clean reads were obtained, respectively, and 1,113 conserved known microRNAs and 31 potential novel microRNA candidates were identified. A total of 697 conserved microRNAs were significantly differentially expressed with a P-value<0.01, 272 microRNAs were up-regulated and 425 microRNAs were down-regulated during peak lactation. The results were validated using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. 762,557 annotated mRNA transcripts were predicted as putative target gene candidates. The GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that differentially expressed microRNAs were involved in mammary gland physiology, including signal transduction, and cell-cell and cell-extracellular communications. This study provided the first global of the microRNA in Capra hircus and expanded the repertoire of microRNAs. Our results have great significance and value for the elucidation of complex regulatory networks between microRNAs and mRNAs and for the study of mammary gland physiology and lactation.
Polymer Support Oligonucleotide Synthesis XVI: Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Using Suitably Protected Deoxynucleoside-N-morpholinophosphoramidites on Porous Glass Beads (1984)

Abstract Several oligodeoxynucleotides had been synthesized on controlled pore glass beads using pure and stable 3′-O(5′-O, N-protected) nucleoside-methyl-N-morpholino phosphoramidites. The average coupling yield at each condensation step was about 94%.
Electrochemical Measurement of PBS Using Cyclic Voltammetry and AAO Fabricated at Ambient Temperature and Low Potential (2013)

Anodic aluminium oxide fabricated at ambient temperature and low potential in phosphoric acid electrolyte was used as the working electrode for the electrochemical measurement of phosphate buffer saline under different pH conditions using the cyclic voltammetry tool. We investigate the reversibility of the electrochemical reaction as a redox reaction from the cyclic graphs that were obtained. We observed that the ratio of the peak current passed at both the reduction and oxidation when measured was very close to unity in all the pH but except one which produced a none reversible reaction with a non cyclic graph. The peak potential for both reduction and oxidation reactions using phosphate buffer saline as the analyte under different pH of 3, 5, 7, and 9 was also obtained.
The optical gain coupling saturation effect on the linewidth property of complex coupled DFB lasers (1994)

The cavity length dependence of the linewidth property of complex coupled (CC) DFB lasers is investigated. In CC-DFB lasers with a fixed geometrical structure of the active region, the cavity length strongly affects the ratio of index coupling strength to the gain coupling one, which results in the variation of the effective linewidth enhancement factor /spl alpha//sub eff/. It is also found that pure gain coupled (GC) DFB lasers have the saturation characteristic in the linewidth power product, with the extension of the cavity length, These results indicate the importance of the selection of the cavity length in CC-DFB lasers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Advanced design considerations of semi-anechoic chambers (2003)

Designing an efficient, user-friendly semi-anechoic chamber, while achieving the specified performance and controlling the project cost requires significant planning. Additionally, many choices now exist in regard to features and accessories available for the chamber. This paper provides an overview of chamber performance, design features, and techniques to assist the chamber design team during the planning stage for a new chamber.
COMPLETE OBSTRUCTION OF THE ESOPHAGUS FOLLOWING SERUTAN® INGESTION (1951)

In the course of hospital practice of radiology it is not uncommon to find obstruction of the esophagus in patients who have symptoms of brief duration. The commonest non-neoplastic obstruction is that resulting from impaction of meat or some other foreign body. The finding of obstruction of the lower end of the esophagus following the ingestion of the proprietary preparation known as serutan® is unique in our experience. In 1937 and also in 1939 saraka® (a hygroscopic gum laxative) was reported as causing esophageal obstruction.<sup>1</sup>Since that time we have seen no reports of such cases in the literature. Serutan,® a bland granular hygroscopic substance, which is widely used as a remedy for constipation, is said by the manufacturers to be a hydrogel derived from Plantago ovata and extracted sugar beets from which the roughage has been removed. Apparently, serutan® owes its laxative properties to its gelatinous, spongy character