gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An ultra low power, low voltage CMOS squarer circuit for non-coherent IR-UWB receivers (2012)

This paper presents an ultra low power, low voltage, high gain squarer circuit for use in non-coherent impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) receivers. The proposed squaring function is implemented based on the intrinsic CMOS transistor characteristics in the sub-threshold region, where the second-order derivative of the drain current is maximized. Additionally, a capacitor cross-coupling g <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> boosting technique is exploited to increase the conversion gain of the squarer. Utilizing the aforementioned schemes, a low power and high gain squarer is realized in a TSMC 90nm CMOS technology. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed squarer covers the UWB bandwidth and provides 16dB of RMS conversion gain at the input signal level of 100mV, while drawing only 320μA from a 0.5V power supply.
Applicability Statement for Provider Provisioned CE-based Virtual Private Networks using IPsec (2004)

This document is an applicability statement for Provider Provisioned
CE-based IPsec VPNs, as discribed in [CEVPN]. This document describes
how provider provisioned CE-based approaches meet the key requirements
that are outlined in the PPVPN Applicability Statements Guideline
document [ASGUIDE] and the key security requirements according to the
template in section 8 of the VPN security framework document [SEC-FW].
Reconfigurable time-steered array-antenna beam former (1997)

We present and analyze a hardware-optimized technique that provides true-time-delay steering for broadband two-dimensional array-antenna applications. The technique improves on previous approaches by the reduction of the two-dimensional beam-former architecture complexity, by the provision of flexibility in time-delay unit selection, and by the potential reduction of optical loss. The technique relies on a one-dimensional bank of time-delay units to form the required time-delay gradient for proper off-broadside angle steering. A reconfigurable optical interconnection fabric is used to reassign dynamically the connections between the time-delay units and individual array elements of a two-dimensional array to effect the proper steering angle along the off-broadside cone.
Using wave variables in time delayed force reflecting teleoperation (1996)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.
<i>Retracted:</i> Antitumor activity of human γδ <scp>T</scp> cells transducted with <scp>CD</scp>8 and with <scp>T</scp>‐cell receptors of tumor‐specific cytotoxic <scp>T</scp> lymphocytes (2012)

The difficulty in the induction and preparation of a large number of autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from individual patients is one of major problems in their application to adoptive immunotherapy. The present study tried to establish the useful antitumor effectors by using γδ T cells through tumor-specific TCRαβ genes transduction, and evaluated the efficacy of their adoptive transfer in a non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice model. The TCRαβ gene was cloned from the HLA-B15-restricted CTL clone specific of the Kita-Kyushu Lung Cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1). The cloned TCRαβ as well as the CD8 gene were transduced into γδ T cells induced from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity was examined using a standard 4 h (51) Cr release assay. Mice with a xenotransplanted tumor were treated with an injection of effector cells. Successful transduction of TCRαβ was confirmed by the staining of KK-LC-1-specific tetramers. The γδ T cells transduced with TCRαβ and CD8 showed CTL activity against the KK-LC-1-positive lung cancer cell line in a HLA B15-restricted manner. Adoptive transfer of the effector cells in a mice model resulted in marked growth suppression of KK-LC-1- and HLA-B15-positive xenotransplanted tumors. Co-transducing TCRαβ and CD8 into γδ T cells yielded the same antigen-specific activity as an original CTL in vitro and in vivo. The TCRαβ gene transduction into γδ T cells is a promising strategy for developing new adoptive immunotherapy.
New Type of Outer Membrane Vesicle Produced by the Gram-Negative Bacterium Shewanella vesiculosa M7 <sup>T</sup> : Implications for DNA Content (2013)

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria are known to be involved in lateral DNA transfer, but the presence of DNA in these vesicles has remained difficult to explain. An ultrastructural study of the Antarctic psychrotolerant bacterium Shewanella vesiculosa M7(T) has revealed that this Gram-negative bacterium naturally releases conventional one-bilayer OMVs through a process in which the outer membrane is exfoliated and only the periplasm is entrapped, together with a more complex type of OMV, previously undescribed, which on formation drag along inner membrane and cytoplasmic content and can therefore also entrap DNA. These vesicles, with a double-bilayer structure and containing electron-dense material, were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution (HPF-FS), and their DNA content was fluorometrically quantified as 1.8 ± 0.24 ng DNA/μg OMV protein. The new double-bilayer OMVs were estimated by cryo-TEM to represent 0.1% of total vesicles. The presence of DNA inside the vesicles was confirmed by gold DNA immunolabeling with a specific monoclonal IgM against double-stranded DNA. In addition, a proteomic study of purified membrane vesicles confirmed the presence of plasma membrane and cytoplasmic proteins in OMVs from this strain. Our data demonstrate the existence of a previously unobserved type of double-bilayer OMV in the Gram-negative bacterium Shewanella vesiculosa M7(T) that can incorporate DNA, for which we propose the name outer-inner membrane vesicle (O-IMV).
Probabilistic design verification (2002)

The authors present a novel method for verifying the equivalence of two Boolean functions. Each function is hashed to an integer code by assigning random integer values to the input variables and evaluating its integer-valued representation. The equivalence of two functions can be verified with a very low probability of error. The probability of error can be exponentially decreased by making multiple runs. Results indicate significant time and space advantages for this method over deterministic techniques. Some functions known to require space (and time) exponential in the number of input variables for deterministic verification require only polynomial resources using the proposed technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Zinc Metabolism in Patients with Severe Burns (1968)

Serum zinc concentration in six patients and urinary zinc excretion in four patients with major burns were recorded daily for 5–18 days during the early postburn period. Hypozincaemia was observed initially in all the patients. The four patients examined had hyperzincuria of varying severity. The urinary zinc excretions varied in parallel with the urinary potassium and magnesium excretions. It is suggested that the zincuria was due to excretion of material from damaged cells.
Treatment of advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with favorable histologies: preliminary results of a prospective trial (1976)

From July 1971 to August 1975, 63 previously untreated patients with stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with favorable histologies were prospectively randomized to three treatment programs: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone alone (CVP); split course CVP and total lymphoid irradiation (CVP-TLI); or single alkylating agent (SA) therapy. More than 95% of all patients responded to therapy, and pathologically documented complete remissions were achieved in 78.3% of CV, 65% OF CVP-TLI, and 55% of SA patients (p greater greater than 0.2). The actuarial probability of obtaining a complete remission was the same (greater than 80%) for SA patients as it was for those receiving CV or CVP-TLI, but the time required to achieve a complete remission was more prolonged for SA patients (up to 40 mo). Only six (14.3%) complete responders have relapsed; the others have remained relapse-free for periods of 1-35 mo. There have been no statistically significant differences noted among the groups in terms of the probability of disease-free survival or survival, and 82.7% of all patients are alive at 30 mo (84.6% CVP, 73% CVP-TLI, and 90% sa). all three treatment programs have thus been highly effective in achieving excellent responses and prolonged disease-free survivals in patients with stage IV non-Hodgkins lymphomas with favorable histologies. Over the 4-yr period of study, single agent therapy has been associated with as good or better overall survival when compared to the more aggressive treatment programs (CVP and CVP-TLI).
A strategy for reaching therapeutic salicylate levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using standardized dosing regimens. (1987)

After one to 2 weeks of 45 mg/kg/day choline magnesium trisalicylate (CMT) in 2 divided doses, 51 of 71 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (72%) had observed steady state serum salicylate concentrations between 150 and 300 mg/l (mean salicylate: 213 +/- 10 mg/l), although 17 later required dose adjustment. CMT dosing was changed in 37 cases by using the formula: dosing rate = total clearance X concentration. The expected and observed concentrations were not different (p = 0.31); thus, this formula can help calculate salicylate dosing changes to bring the serum salicylate level to within the therapeutic range.
Remodeling of central metabolism in invasive breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue – a GC-TOFMS based metabolomics study (2012)

For the first time, a comprehensive metabolic map of breast cancer was constructed by GC-TOF analysis of a large cohort of breast cancer and normal tissues. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that spectrometry-based approaches have the potential to contribute to the analysis of biopsies or clinical tissue samples complementary to histopathology.
A high-density electrode array for a cochlear prosthesis (2004)

This paper reports a high-density cochlear electrode array integrated with an articulated backing device. Fabricated on a silicon substrate, the device offers stimulating sites on a pitch of 250 /spl mu/m. The backing device is designed to facilitate a deeper cochlear insertion and position the sites closer to the targeted neural receptors. The device is the first step towards a high-density 128-site array integrated with closed-loop position-sensing and control. Monopolar and bipolar auditory thresholds in guinea pigs are 50 /spl mu/A and 300 /spl mu/A, respectively, with tissue compliance voltages at 500 /spl mu/A of /spl sim/1.0V. A 32-site four-channel active array designed as the forerunner of the 128-site array is also described.
Fast-moving soft electronic fish (2017)

Soft robots driven by stimuli-responsive materials have unique advantages over conventional rigid robots, especially in their high adaptability for field exploration and seamless interaction with humans. The grand challenge lies in achieving self-powered soft robots with high mobility, environmental tolerance, and long endurance. We are able to advance a soft electronic fish with a fully integrated onboard system for power and remote control. Without any motor, the fish is driven solely by a soft electroactive structure made of dielectric elastomer and ionically conductive hydrogel. The electronic fish can swim at a speed of 6.4 cm/s (0.69 body length per second), which is much faster than previously reported untethered soft robotic fish driven by soft responsive materials. The fish shows consistent performance in a wide temperature range and permits stealth sailing due to its nearly transparent nature. Furthermore, the fish is robust, as it uses the surrounding water as the electric ground and can operate for 3 hours with one single charge. The design principle can be potentially extended to a variety of flexible devices and soft robots.
Ultrasound methodology used to construct the fetal growth standards in the <scp>INTERGROWTH</scp>‐21<sup>st</sup> Project (2013)

A unified protocol is essential to ensure that fetal ultrasound measurements taken in multicentre research studies are accurate and reproducible. This paper describes the methodology used to take two-dimensional, ultrasound measurements in the longitudinal, fetal growth component of the INTERGROWTH-21(st) Project. These standardised methods should minimise the systematic errors associated with pooling data from different study sites. They represent a model for carrying out similar research studies in the future.
An object-oriented implementation of an adaptive classification of job openings (2002)

Automating job classification is challenging because it involves a large number of dynamic classes and features, concept drift uncertainty, and noisy data. We present a software solution to this problem that consists of an incremental learning subsystem and a job classifier. We also describe our design and implementation using object-oriented systems modeling, a complete object-oriented approach that supports analysis, specification and design, and has a smooth mapping to most oriented-object programming languages. Some experimental results and comparisons to other learning/classification algorithms are given. A production version of the software written in C/sup ++/ is performing with superior accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE POSITION OF THE CARBOXYL GROUP IN LYSERGIC ACID (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE POSITION OF THE CARBOXYL GROUP IN LYSERGIC ACIDWalter A. Jacobs and Lyman C. CraigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 7, 1701–1702Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01274a505https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01274a505research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis of Condensed 4H‐Pyrans: The reaction of 1,1‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diketocyclohexane with cinnamonitriles (1989)

Abstract Cyclohexano‐4H‐pyrans could be prepared by reaction of 1,1‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diketo‐cyclohexane 2 with cinnamonitriles 1 and converted into 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐1,4‐dihydro‐7,7‐dimethyl‐5‐oxocyclohexanopyridin‐3‐carbonitrile 7a, b ; 7,7‐dimethyl‐2,5‐dioxo‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐cyclohexanopyridin‐3‐carbonitrile 8 , 5‐aryl‐1,1‐dicyano‐2‐phenyl‐8,8‐dimethyl‐1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9‐octahydro‐3‐azaacridin‐4,6‐dione 12a, b and 2‐thioxo‐4‐amino‐5‐aryl‐3‐benzoyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐9,9‐dimethylcyclohexano‐[g]‐4H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐7‐one 14a, b .
Geranylgeraniol suppresses the viability of human DU145 prostate carcinoma cells and the level of HMG CoA reductase (2013)

The rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, provides essential intermediates for the prenylation of nuclear lamins and Ras and dolichol-mediated glycosylation of growth factor receptors. The diterpene geranylgeraniol downregulates the level of HMG CoA reductase and suppresses the growth of human liver, lung, ovary, pancreas, colon, stomach, and blood tumors. We evaluated the growth-suppressive activity of geranylgeraniol in human prostate carcinoma cells. Geranylgeraniol induced dose-dependent suppression of the viability of human DU145 prostate carcinoma cells (IC50=80±18 µmol/L, n=5) following 72-h incubations in 96-well plates. Cell cycle was arrested at the G1 phase with a concomitant decrease in cyclin D1 protein. Geranylgeraniol-induced apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis, fluorescence microscopy following acridine orange and ethidium bromide dual staining, and caspase-3 activation. Geranylgeraniol-induced viability suppression was accompanied by concentration-dependent decrease in the level of HMG CoA reductase protein. As a nonsterol molecule that downregulates HMG CoA reductase in the presence of sterols, geranylgeraniol may have potential in the chemoprevention and/or therapy of human prostate cancer.
An Evaluation of Blood-Inventory Policies: A Markov Chain Application (1970)

A theoretical model using mainly the theory of absorbing Markov chains is applied to several human-blood-issuing policies. The objective of the model applications is to determine the effects of the issuing policies on average inventory levels, which determine blood shortage probabilities, and on the average age of blood at the time it is transfused. Issuing policies that issue (transfuse) fresher blood with a higher probability than older blood are defined as modified fifo policies, and issuing policies that issue older blood with a higher probability than fresher blood are defined as modified fifo policies. Application of the theoretical model to the various issuing policies allows complete evaluation of the policies, and a policy choice can be made on the basis of the evaluation.
Reduction in Plaque Size and Reduction in Plaque Number as Differing Indices of Influenza Virus-Antibody Reactions (1966)

Jahiel, R. I. (Cornell University Medical College, New York, N.Y.), and E. D. Kilbourne. Reduction in plaque size and reduction in plaque number as differing indices of influenza virus-antibody reactions. J. Bacteriol. 92:1521-1534. 1966.-The serological reactivity of an antigenically hybrid influenza virus recombinant (X-7) was studied in a heteroploid cell plaquing system in which antisera to the parental viruses NWS/(A(0)) and RI/5(+) (A(2)) were incorporated in agar overlay media. Two different effects on plaque formation were found. With NWS antiserum, there was close relationship between reduction in plaque size and in plaque number [plaque inhibition (PI) pattern]. With RI/5 antiserum, plaque size reduction (PSR) occurred over a wide zone of serum dilutions without concomitant change in plaque number (PSR pattern). Several different preinoculation neutralization tests showed a strong reactivity of X-7 with NWS antisera and little if any reactivity with RI/5 antisera. We interpret the differing effects of NWS and RI/5 antisera on X-7 as indicative of the possible occurrence of different mechanisms of neutralization or of the possible participation of different surface antigens. The kinetics of PSR are consistent with the hypothesis that it results from the reaction of RI/5 antiserum with the RI/5-like neuraminidase of X-7. Studies with the antiserum-in-overlay technique of PSR and PI patterns comprise a sensitive method for quantitative antigenic analysis of plaque-forming influenza viruses.
Rapid Identification of Protein Phosphatase 1-binding Proteins by Mixed Peptide Sequencing and Data Base Searching (1998)

Microcystin-affinity chromatography was used to purify 15 protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-binding proteins from the myofibrillar fraction of rabbit skeletal muscle. To reduce the time and amount of material required to identify these proteins, proteome analysis by mixed peptide sequencing was developed. Proteins are resolved by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electroblotted to polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, and stained. Bands are sliced from the membrane, cleaved briefly with CnBr, and applied without further purification to an automated Edman sequencer. The mixed peptide sequences generated are sorted and matched against the GenBank using two new programs, FASTF and TFASTF. This technology offers a simple alternative to mass spectrometry for the subpicomolar identification of proteins in polyacrylamide gels. Using this technology, all 15 proteins recovered in PP-1C affinity chromatography were sequenced. One of the proteins, PP-1bp55, was homologous to human myosin phosphatase, MYPT2. A second, PP-1bp80, identified in the EST data bases, contained a putative PP-1C binding site and a nucleotide binding motif. Further affinity purification over ATP-Sepharose isolated PP-1bp80 in a quaternary complex with PP-1C and two other proteins, PP-1bp29 and human p20. Recombinant PP-1bp80 also bound PP-1C and suppressed its activity toward a variety of substrates, suggesting that the protein is a novel regulatory subunit of PP-1.
From micro- to nanosystems: mechanical sensors go nano (2004)

This paper reviews the impact of scaling on the system performance of mechanical inertia sensors. Permanent cost pressure will result in continuous efforts to integrate more functions into further miniaturized systems. As a consequence microsystems (MEMS) will also incorporate functional nano devices such as carbon nanotubes and nanosystems might replace microsystems for certain applications in the future. Therefore, a review of the application of carbon nanotubes for sensors with a focus on mechanical sensors is provided. Nanosystems are defined as systems that involve electronic and non-electronic elements and functions on the nano scale. Surface properties of materials and the influence of texture will outbalance bulk properties on the micro and nano scale. Therefore, a discussion of mechanical material properties is added to the review. Finally it is concluded that mechanical sensors will go nano provided that self-assembly of nanostructures becomes a well-controlled fabrication technology.
The Optimal Trackability Threshold of Fractional Anisotropy for Diffusion Tensor Tractography of the Corticospinal Tract (2004)

An FA value of about 0.20 was found to be the optimal trackability threshold.
Efficient Photochemical Water Splitting by a Chemically Modified n‐TiO<sub>2</sub>. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Development of a Novel Deep Silicon Tapered Via Etch Process for Through-Silicon Interconnection in 3D Integrated Systems (2006)

A novel dual etch process technology has been demonstrated which provides an opportunity to precisely and independently control the etch throughput and required via slope that is required to achieve conformal deposition of dielectric, copper diffusion barrier and copper seed metallization. It is further shown how a void-free copper via plating has been achieved for implementation into 3-D integrated systems.