gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxide and nitride protective layers formed on stainless steel by thermal treatment: SEM, AES, WDS and corrosion measurements (2008)

Protective oxide and/or nitride layers on AISI 321 stainless steel were prepared by thermal treatment in air and two controlled atmospheres in a laboratory simulation of an actual technological procedure. Samples’ surface was imaged by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), elemental composition of the substrates was checked by Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (WDS) and depth profiles of the samples were measured by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). Since protective layer thicknesses were found to be of the order of hundreds of nanometers an attempt was made to obtain some fast averaged information about layers composition by Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (WDS) with appropriately adjusted primary beam energy. Electrochemical corrosion testing was also performed on samples.
Mechanically Flexible Wireless Multisensor Platform for Human Physical Activity and Vitals Monitoring (2010)

Practical usability of the majority of current wearable body sensor systems for multiple parameter physiological signal acquisition is limited by the multiple physical connections between sensors and the data-acquisition modules. In order to improve the user comfort and enable the use of these types of systems on active mobile subjects, we propose a wireless body sensor system that incorporates multiple sensors on a single node. This multisensor node includes signal acquisition, processing, and wireless data transmission fitted on multiple layers of a thin flexible substrate with a very small footprint. Considerations for design include size, form factor, reliable body attachment, good signal coupling, low power consumption, and user convenience. The prototype device measures 55 15 mm and is 3 mm thick. The unit is attached to the patient's chest, and is capable of performing simultaneous measurements of parameters, such as body motion, activity intensity, tilt, respiration, cardiac vibration, cardiac potential (ECG), heart rate, and body surface temperature. In this paper, we discuss the architecture of this system, including the multisensor hardware, the firmware, a mobile-phone receiver unit, and assembly of the first proof-of-concept prototype. Preliminary performance results on key elements of the system, such as power consumption, wireless range, algorithm efficiency, ECG signal quality for heart-rate calculations, as well as synchronous ECG and body activity signals are also presented.
Healing Segmental Femoral Defects in Sheep Using Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein (1993)

A middiaphyseal, 2.5-cm osteoperiosteal segmental defect stabilized by plate fixation was created in the right femur of 17 sheep. Four treatment groups were included: Group I, no implant; Group II, inactive bone matrix; Group III, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) mixed with inactive bone matrix; and Group IV, autogeneic bone graft. Three animals had early failure of fixation, and the remaining 14 were evaluated at three months after implantation. Radiographs showed bony union of all defects treated with rhBMP-2 (six) and a lack of bony union in the negative-control groups treated with no implant (three) and inactive bone matrix without BMP (three). Both defects treated with autograft healed. New bone formation in the defect sites treated with rhBMP-2 first appeared one month after implantation and had a mean bending strength (expressed as a percentage of the contralateral femur) of 91% +/- 59% (mean +/- standard deviation) for defects treated with BMP-2, 77% +/- 34% for autograft, 9% +/- 8% for no implant, and 11% +/- 7% for inactive matrix without BMP. Three sheep treated with rhBMP-2 had their fixation plates removed at four months and were followed for one year. Their bone defect sites remained solidly healed one year after the initial operation.
Cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate in human lymphocytes. Alterations after phytohemagglutinin stimulation (1971)

We have studied cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) concentrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), isoproterenol, prostaglandins, and aminophylline. Purified lymphocytes were obtained by nylon fiber chromatography, and low speed centrifugation to remove platelets. Cyclic AMP levels were determined by a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay. At concentrations of 0.1-1.0 mmoles/liter isoproterenol and aminophylline produced moderate increases in cyclic AMP concentrations, whereas prostaglandins produced marked elevations. High concentrations of PHA produced 25-300% increases in cyclic AMP levels, alterations being demonstrated within 1-2 min. The early changes in cyclic AMP concentration appear to precede previously reported metabolic changes in PHA-stimulated cells. After 6 hr cyclic AMP levels in PHA-stimulated cells had usually fallen to the levels of control cells. After 24 hr the level in PHA-stimulated cells was characteristically below that of the control cells. Adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which converts ATP to cyclic AMP, was measured in lymphocyte homogenates. Adenyl cyclase activity was rapidly stimulated by fluoride, isoproterenol, prostaglandins, and PHA. Since adenyl cyclase is characteristically localized in external cell membranes, our results are consistent with an initial action of PHA at this level.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization using Photoexcited Triplet Electron Spins in Eutectic Mixtures (2018)

Dynamic nuclear polarization using photoexcited triplet electrons (Triplet-DNP) is a method to significantly enhance nuclear spin polarization even in a low magnetic field and at room temperature. Pentacene has been practically used as an efficient polarizing agent for Triplet-DNP. In this study, we demonstrate room temperature <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C hyperpolarization of eutectic mixtures of deuterated benzoic acid doped with pentacene and a target molecule such as salicylic acid, nicotinic acid, or 2-naphthoic acid. These molecules are otherwise difficult to hyperpolarize by Triplet-DNP due to the low pentacene dopabilities of these molecules. The highest <sup>1</sup>H polarization of 1.2% has been obtained for the eutectic mixture of salicylic acid in 0.39 T. The present sample preparation is a crucial method to widen the range of applications of Triplet-DNP to chemical and biomedical analyses.
When cellular meets WiFi in wireless small cell networks (2013)

The deployment of small cell base stations, SCBSs, overlaid on existing macrocellular systems is seen as a key solution for offloading traffic, optimizing coverage, and boosting the capacity of future cellular wireless systems. The next generation of SCBSs is envisioned to be multimode (i.e., capable of transmitting simultaneously on both licensed and unlicensed bands). This constitutes a cost-effective integration of both WiFi and cellular radio access technologies that can efficiently cope with peak wireless data traffic and heterogeneous quality of service requirements. To leverage the advantage of such multimode SCBSs, we discuss the novel proposed paradigm of cross-system learning by means of which SCBSs self-organize and autonomously steer their traffic flows across different RATs. Cross-system learning allows the SCBSs to leverage the advantage of both the WiFi and cellular worlds. For example, the SCBSs can offload delay-tolerant data traffic to WiFi, while simultaneously learning the probability distribution function of their transmission strategy over the licensed cellular band. This article first introduces the basic building blocks of cross-system learning and then provides preliminary performance evaluation in a Long-Term Evolution simulator overlaid with WiFi hotspots. Remarkably, it is shown that the proposed cross-system learning approach significantly outperforms a number of benchmark traffic steering policies.
Non-Axisymmetric Inflatable Pressure Structure (NAIPS) Concept that Enables Mass Efficient Packageable Pressure Vessels with Openings (2016)

Achieving minimal launch volume and mass are always important for space missions, especially for deep space manned missions where the costs required to transport mass to the destination are high and volume in the payload shroud is limited. Pressure vessels are used for many purposes in space missions including habitats, airlocks, and tank farms for fuel or processed resources. A lucrative approach to minimize launch volume is to construct the pressure vessels from soft goods so that they can be compactly packaged for launch and then inflated en route or at the final destination. In addition, there is the potential to reduce system mass because the packaged pressure vessels are inherently robust to launch loads and do not need to be modified from their in-service configuration to survive the launch environment. A novel concept is presented herein, in which sealable openings or hatches into the pressure vessels can also be fabricated from soft goods. To accomplish this, the structural shape is designed to have large regions where one principal stress is near zero. The pressure vessel is also required to have an elongated geometry for applications such as airlocks.
Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty Using Viscoelastic Dissection (1999)

We describe a technique for performing deep lamellar keratoplasty using viscoelastic dissection. Deep lamellar dissections of the cornea using viscoelastic substances (sodium hyaluronate) were performed on 4 eyes of 4 patients. One patient with keratoconus and another with corneal scarring underwent lamellar keratoplasty using the technique as the sole procedure for visual rehabilitation. Two patients (2 eyes) with opaque corneas underwent deep lamellar dissection with removal of stromal tissue to allow visualization of the anterior segment structures prior to penetrating keratoplasty, thereby facilitating separation of iridocorneal adhesions as the Descemet membrane was incised. Deep lamellar dissection was performed without complications related to the procedure in all 4 eyes. The 2 lamellar grafts cleared completely, and both eyes achieved excellent visual acuity with spectacle correction. In the other 2 eyes, deep lamellar dissection provided clear visualization of anterior segment structures during incision of the Descemet membrane. Deep lamellar dissection using viscoelastic substances is a useful technique during lamellar keratoplasty.
Incorporating multimedia in distributed object-oriented systems: the importance of flexible management (2002)

The integration of new media types into open distributed systems presents a number of problems. The authors discuss these problems within the context of an experimental distributed multimedia system being designed at Lancaster. Object management is highlighted as being a vital component of their system, and they outline an approach to management termed management by exception. This approach is illustrated by considering the provision of persistence and location transparent invocation in the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ultrasonic Waveguides Detection-based approach to locate defect on workpiece (2010)

Conventional ultrasonic techniques, such as pulse-echo, has been limited to testing relatively simple geometries or interrogating the region in the immediate vicinity of the transducer. A novel, efficiency methodology uses ultrasonic waveguides to examine structural components. The advantages of this technique include: its ability to detect the entire structure in a single measurement through long distance with little attenuation; and its capacity to test inaccessible regions of complex components. However, in practical work, this technique exists dispersion and mode conversion phenomena which makes poor signal to noise ratio, thereby, influences the actual application of this technique. In order to solve this problem, simulation with experiments can not only verifies the feasibility of this technique, but also has guiding significant for actual work. This paper reports on a novel approach in the simplification of the simulation of Ultrasonic Waveguides Detection. The first step is the selection of the frequency of signal which has the fastest group velocity and relatively small dispersion. The second step is the decision of Δ and l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> . As the numerical analysis characteristics of general-purpose software ANSYS, two key parameters: time step Δt and mesh element size l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">e</sub> need to be carefully selected. This report finds the balance point between the accuracy of results and calculation time to determine two key parameters which significantly influence the result of the simulation result. Finally, this report show the experiment results on two-dimensional flat panel structure and three-dimensional triangle-iron structure respectively. From the result shown, the error between the simulation and actual value is less than 0.4%, perfectly prove the feasibility of this approach.
A monitor interconnect and support subsystem for multicore processors (2009)

In many current SoCs, the architectural interface to on-chip monitors is ad hoc and inefficient. In this paper, a new architectural approach which advocates the use of a separate low-overhead subsystem for monitors is described. A key aspect of this approach is an on-chip interconnect specifically designed for monitor data with different priority levels. The efficiency of our monitor interconnect is assessed for a multicore system using both an interconnect and a system-level simulator. Collected monitor information is used by a dedicated processor to control the frequency and voltage of individual multicore processors. Experimental results show that the new low-overhead subsystem facilitates employment of thermal and delay-aware dynamic voltage and frequency scaling.
The Economics of Scale: Using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) for Wide-Area Hydrographic Survey and Ocean Data Acquisition (2002)

This paper discusses the use of the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) for hydrographic surveying and environmental data acquisition. The AUV is an augmenting technology that offers real potential to increase cost-effectively the quantity of ocean data acquisition while significantly improving data quality. The paper provides an appropriate introduction to AUVs, with examples of some of the many commercial vehicles in use. Contemporary vehicles are discussed together with some of the more relevant research and developments that are taking place. An overview of the ocean survey public sector and the commercial market is considered as a means of providing a scale for assessing the impact of AUV technology. Each of these sectors is discussed and areas identified where AUVs can offer cost savings, the benefit of efficient wide-area acquisition, for ocean monitoring and as augmenting/facilitating technological solutions to solve challenging problems. CONTACT
Cordycepsï¿½sinensis inhibits airway remodeling in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2018)

<i>Cordyceps sinensis</i> is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for centuries in Asia as a tonic to soothe the lung for the treatment of respiratory diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of <i>C. sinensi</i>s on airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Rats with COPD were orally administered <i>C. sinensis</i> at low, moderate or high doses (2.5, 5 or 7.5 g/kg/day, respectively) for 12 weeks. Airway tissue histopathology, lung inflammation and airway remodeling were evaluated. <i>C. sinensis</i> treatment significantly ameliorated airway wall thickening, involving collagen deposition, airway wall fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy and epithelial hyperplasia in model rats with COPD. Additionally, <i>C. sinensis</i> administration in rats with COPD reduced inflammatory cell accumulation and decreased inflammatory cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Meanwhile, the increased levels of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I in the COPD group were also markedly decreased by <i>C. sinensis</i> treatment. Furthermore, compared with untreated rats with COPD, <i>C. sinensis</i> reduced the expression level of phosphorylated (p)-Smad2, p-Smad3, TGF-β1 and its receptors, with the concomitant increased expression of Smad7 in the lungs of rats with COPD. These results indicated that treatment with <i>C. sinensis</i> may be a useful approach for COPD therapy.
Extraglacial varved deposits, of the Warsaw Ice-Dammed Lake (younger Pleistocene), Mazovia Lowland, Central Poland (1978)

The varved deposits of the Warsaw Ice-Damnled Lake (Younger Pleistocene), Mazovia Lowland, Central Poland display various sedimentary structures of both wave and current origin. High frequency of wave ripples indicates that the sedimentary environment was shallow water one. Distribution of current structures demonstrates that the deposits have accumulated in ice-dammed lakes fed exclusively by extraglacial rivers. Hence, the depositional basin is here called extraglacial ice-dammed lake, while the deposits are called extraglacial varved deposits. Through most of a year, the basin was ice-covered, and the sedimentary material was transported by currents, mostly turbidite currents. The three distinct varve types (A, B, C) were deposited in proximal, intermediate, and distal zones of the basin, respectively. The so-called composite varves may also occur within deposits of the intermediate and distal zones. Interseasonal lamination in light layers of the varves is interpreted as a reflection of subordinate rhythms in terrigenic influx and wave activity. The sediment type, distribution of sedimentary structures, and occurrence of inset sections is indicative of a complex and multistage development of the varve fades in the Warsaw Ice-Dammed Lake during the younger Pleistocene.
Eye Donation Awareness among the Students (2016)

Blindness is a worldwide problem. Corneal blindness accounts for 0.9%of blindness in India. Approximately 0.12 million people are corneal blind. Restoration of their vision is possible only through transplantation. Though 45000 eyes are collected every year, it does not meet half the requirement. Well informed medical students could be expected to enhance eye donation rates. To study the awareness of the patient about the eye donation is assessed. This cross-sectional type of study was conducted in 200 Life sciences students. All the required information was collected on pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. All the students know that eye can be donated. 170 students tell that there is no age limit for eye donation. ‘Eyes can be removed from living peoples’ this answer is told by 185 students. 155 students told that consent of family is not required for the pledging. 170 students told that there is shortage of donors in India. The results of the study indicate that although awareness regarding eye donation is high, there is lack of motivation related to eye donation.
电影、足球、引爆点——耐克“书写未来”广告活动搅动全球博客 (2011)

通过一些相关的数字接触点,我们能够将广告活动作为一个整体整合起来运行,在谨慎的客户沟通中,我们构建起传播构架——以品牌的KPI和目标为核心。世界需要趣味。人类比起过去,越来越多地参与到传播的渠道、地点和时间中去。
Precise Measurement of Surface Acoustic Wave Velocity Using a Swept Frequency IDT-NDE System (1988)

A method of measuring the surface acoustic wave (SAW) velocity is presented. Three interdigital transducers (IDT's) deposited on a piezoelectric substrate are used to measure SAW velocity of sample materials using a fluid couplant. The output voltage of the IDT is measured as a function of the acoustic wave frequency. A unique curve is obtained by the interference between the two outputs of the close IDT's. The SAW velocity is obtained from the frequency dependence of the curve. Measurements are made for anisotropic materials at frequencies from 20 to 30 MHz. The experimental results obtained in this manner agreed with the theoretical ones.
DENN Domain Proteins: Regulators of Rab GTPases (2011)

The DENN domain is a common, evolutionarily ancient, and conserved protein module, yet it has gone largely unstudied; until recently, little was known regarding its functional roles. New studies reveal that various DENN domains interact directly with members of the Rab family of small GTPases and that DENN domains function enzymatically as Rab-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Thus, DENN domain proteins appear to be generalized regulators of Rab function. Study of these proteins will provide new insights into Rab-mediated membrane trafficking pathways.
Anti-HIV-1 Protease Triterpenoid Saponins from the Seeds of <i>Aesculus</i> <i>chinensis</i> (1999)

Eight bioactive triterpenoid saponins (1-8) were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis, four of which are novel compounds. The major saponins were identified as escin Ia (1), Ib (2), isoescin Ia (3) and Ib (4), while the new compounds were identified as 22alpha-tigloyl-28-acetylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-¿beta -D-glucopyranos yl (1-2) ¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVc, 5), 22alpha-angeloyl-28-acetylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-¿bet a-D-glucopyrano syl (1-2) ¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVd, 6), 28-tigloylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2) ¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVe, 7), and 28-angeloylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2) ¿beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVf, 8). The structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. All the above compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease.