gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
One label, one tube, Sanger DNA sequencing in one and two lanes on a gel (1990)

Journal Article One label, one tube, Sanger DNA sequencing in one and two lanes on a gel Get access W. Ansorge, W. Ansorge * European Molecular Biology LaboratoryPostfach 009, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG *To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Zimmermann, J. Zimmermann European Molecular Biology LaboratoryPostfach 009, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Schwager, C. Schwager European Molecular Biology LaboratoryPostfach 009, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Erfle, H. Erfle European Molecular Biology LaboratoryPostfach 009, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Voss H. Voss European Molecular Biology LaboratoryPostfach 009, D-6900 Heidelberg, FRG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 11, 11 June 1990, Page 3419, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.11.3419 Published: 11 June 1990 Article history Received: 24 April 1990 Published: 11 June 1990
A Joint Model for Question Answering and Question Generation (2017)

We propose a generative machine comprehension model that learns jointly to ask and answer questions based on documents. The proposed model uses a sequence-to-sequence framework that encodes the document and generates a question (answer) given an answer (question). Significant improvement in model performance is observed empirically on the SQuAD corpus, confirming our hypothesis that the model benefits from jointly learning to perform both tasks. We believe the joint model's novelty offers a new perspective on machine comprehension beyond architectural engineering, and serves as a first step towards autonomous information seeking.
Complex ground plane detection based on V-disparity map in off-road environment (2013)

The work in the paper is to apply image pairs gathered by vehicle-mounted stereo cameras to detect the position of ground. The research focus is to detect complex ground planes for vehicle from image pairs based on investigating of the V-disparity map. This paper describes an enhancement of traditional V-disparity algorithm for off-road environment especially. The enhanced method can acquire the parameters of ground plane such as slope and pit. Experimental results with real data from stereo cameras mounted on a vehicle moving in off-road environment are presented. According to the simulation results, by comparison with traditional V-disparity algorithm, the average of recognition rate for ground using the enhanced V-disparity algorithm increases from 37.68% to 86.67%. The enhanced method can minimize errors of ground representation, and it is an efficient way to extract more details of ground structure than traditional V-disparity algorithm. The process is without dealing with any explicit structure such as road edges or lane marking. So it can be used for autonomous vehicle driving in off-road environment in the future.
Development of an MWD Hole Caliper for Drilling and Formation Evaluation Applications (1997)

Abstract Hole size measurements while drilling are difficult to make because the dynamic environment precludes the use of a truly mechanical device. Several MWD caliper tools, which utilize acoustic technology, are available to the industry but they typically have a limited operating range and are often integrated with other MWD sensors, such as a density or sonic tool.1,2,4 Technical issues which could preclude the use of acoustics for an MWD caliper tool include the noise associated with the downhole drilling environment, tool accuracy, tool reliability, and errors associated with mud attenuation and signal detection, tool eccentering, formation cuttings, gas, etc. This paper describes the design and testing of a new MWD acoustic caliper tool. The tool has been designed with its own processor, memory, power supply, and surface communications port, so it can be run in a standalone mode or integrated with other MWD sensors. This new sensor utilizes new digital signal processing technology, which increases its accuracy and operating range, when compared to previous MWD acoustic caliper tools.
Transcriptome-based exon capture enables highly cost-effective comparative genomic data collection at moderate evolutionary scales (2012)

Our study demonstrates the potential of a transcriptome-enabled, multiplexed, exon capture method to create thousands of informative markers for population genomic and phylogenetic studies in non-model species across the tree of life.
Measured performance of a Ku-band multibeam high-power phased-array (2002)

Phased-array antenna systems are receiving increased attention for satellite applications due to their ability to form multiple beams, to provide flexible beam power-sharing through distributed amplification, and to rapidly reconfigure and reposition beams. The drawbacks to phased arrays have historically been related to mass and the performance uniformity required for a large number of elements. The advent of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs), and their natural applicability to arrays, has helped eliminate these concerns. With phased arrays, RF power may be combined in space by distributing power amplification directly behind the radiating element. This allows the beam-forming matrix (BFM)-which may include signal control circuitry such as MMIC phase shifters-to be incorporated in a lightweight transmission medium. The resultant antenna configurations have the potential for dramatic reductions in mass, while providing increased satellite flexibility and capacity. A number of advanced concepts employing active phased arrays have been investigated and the utility and applicability of phased arrays have been demonstrated through an evolutionary series of hardware development programs. This paper discusses the culmination of one such program-a Ku-band high-power multiple-beam phased array. The procedures and results of the laboratory calibration are summarized, and the subsequent radiation pattern predictions and measurements are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Growth Inhibition of Re‐Challenge B16 Melanoma Transplant by Conjugates of Melanogenesis Substrate and Magnetite Nanoparticles as the Basis for Developing Melanoma‐Targeted Chemo‐Thermo‐Immunotherapy (2009)

Melanogenesis substrate, N-propionyl-cysteaminylphenol (NPrCAP), is selectively incorporated into melanoma cells and inhibits their growth by producing cytotoxic free radicals. Magnetite nanoparticles also disintegrate cancer cells and generate heat shock protein (HSP) upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This study tested if a chemo-thermo-immunotherapy (CTI therapy) strategy can be developed for better management of melanoma by conjugating NPrCAP on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles (NPrCAP/M). We examined the feasibility of this approach in B16 mouse melanoma and evaluated the impact of exposure temperature, frequency, and interval on the inhibition of re-challenged melanoma growth. The therapeutic protocol against the primary transplanted tumor with or without AMF exposure once a day every other day for a total of three treatments not only inhibited the growth of the primary transplant but also prevented the growth of the secondary, re-challenge transplant. The heat-generated therapeutic effect was more significant at a temperature of 43 degrees C than either 41 degrees C or 46 degrees C. NPrCAP/M with AMF exposure, instead of control magnetite alone or without AMF exposure, resulted in the most significant growth inhibition of the re-challenge tumor and increased the life span of the mice. HSP70 production was greatest at 43 degrees C compared to that with 41 degrees C or 46 degrees C. CD8(+)T cells were infiltrated at the site of the re-challenge melanoma transplant.
Style control in the quill document editing system (1991)

Abstract A critical problem in the design of editors for structured documents is that of style control , i.e. mapping the logical elements of the documents to their physical appearance on pages. This paper presents a novel approach to style control, used in the Quill document editing system that has been prototyped at the IBM Almaden Research Center. In our approach, the style control mechanism is an integral part of the editing system and consistent with the overall system architecture, in both its inner structure and its user interface. Properties that specify the formatting process, together with action routines for specifying complex semantics, are the basic style control primitives in the proposed approach.
Anomalous hot-carrier induced degradation in very narrow channel nMOSFETs with STI structure (2002)

Channel width dependence of hot-carrier induced drain current degradation was investigated for nMOSFETs with optimized shallow trench isolation (STI) structure in which no MOS hump characteristics were observed. In an STI structure, increase in hot-carrier induced degradation in the narrow channel region was found for the first time. The stress time dependence of the drain current degradation rate increases drastically below 0.5 /spl mu/m channel width. This phenomenon is caused by accelerated hot-carrier generation and higher hot-electron injection rate at the channel region adjacent to the STI edge. The lifetime of nMOSFETs with STI structure would be seriously degraded by this phenomenon.
Light-Guiding Structures of Photoresist Films (1972)

We have made light-guiding thin films with losses of ∼ 2.2 dB/cm at 0.633 μm from Kodak KPR photoresist which has been processed to remove a photosensitizer which absorbs in the visible. Curved and straight optical strip guides as narrow as 5 μm have been written in these films and have shown light guiding with losses of 3 to 8 dB/cm at 0.633 μm.
Folate Receptor β Is Expressed by Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Constitutes a Marker for M2 Anti-inflammatory/Regulatory Macrophages (2009)

Macrophage activation comprises a continuum of functional states critically determined by cytokine microenvironment. Activated macrophages have been functionally grouped according to their response to pro-Th1/proinflammatory stimuli [lipopolysaccharide, IFNgamma, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); M1] or pro-Th2/anti-inflammatory stimuli [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, M-CSF; M2]. We report that folate receptor beta (FRbeta), encoded by the FOLR2 gene, is a marker for macrophages generated in the presence of M-CSF (M2), but not GM-CSF (M1), and whose expression correlates with increased folate uptake ability. The acquisition of folate uptake ability by macrophages is promoted by M-CSF, maintained by IL-4, prevented by GM-CSF, and reduced by IFNgamma, indicating a link between FRbeta expression and M2 polarization. In agreement with in vitro data, FRbeta expression is detected in tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which exhibit an M2-like functional profile and exert potent immunosuppressive functions within the tumor environment. FRbeta is expressed, and mediates folate uptake, by CD163(+) CD68(+) CD14(+) IL-10-producing TAM, and its expression is induced by tumor-derived ascitic fluid and conditioned medium from fibroblasts and tumor cell lines in an M-CSF-dependent manner. These results establish FRbeta as a marker for M2 regulatory macrophage polarization and indicate that folate conjugates of therapeutic drugs are a potential immunotherapy tool to target TAM.
Barrier Dysfunction of the Corneal Endothelium in Response to TNF-α: Role of p38 MAP Kinase (2010)

TNF-alpha breaks down the barrier integrity of corneal endothelium, concomitant with the disruption of PAMR, remodeling of AJC, and disassembly of microtubules. These effects are mediated by transient activation of p38 MAP kinase. Thus, the TNF-alpha-induced barrier dysfunction in the corneal endothelium can be suppressed by inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase and agents downstream of the kinase that affect the cytoskeleton.
Incidence and distribution of argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency in human cancers (2004)

These data indicated that immunohistochemical detection of ASS may prove an effective means for determining ASS deficiency in malignant human tumors and for identifying patients most likely to respond to arginine deprivation therapy. Based on these results, human clinical trials using arginine-degrading enzyme therapy to treat patients with advanced melanoma or hepatocellular carcinoma have been initiated.
On the virtual array concept for the fourth-order direction finding problem (1999)

For more than a decade, fourth-order (FO) direction finding (DF) methods have been developed for non-Gaussian signals. Recently, it has been shown, through the introduction of the virtual cross-correlation (VCC) concept, that the use of FO cumulants for the DF problem increases the effective aperture of an arbitrary antenna array, which eventually introduces the virtual array concept. The purpose of this correspondence is first to present this virtual array (VA) concept through an alternative way that is easier and more direct to handle than the VCC tool and, second, to present further results associated with this concept, not only for arrays with space diversity but also for arrays with angular and/or polarization diversity.
A monoclonal antibody, PGM34, against 6‐sulfated blood‐group H type 2 antigen, on the carbohydrate moiety of mucin (2007)

Mucin, a major component of mucus, is a highly O-glycosylated, high-molecular-mass glycoprotein extensively involved in the physiology of gastrointestinal mucosa. To detect and characterize mucins derived from site-specific mucous cells, we developed a monoclonal antibody, designated PGM34, by immunizing a mouse with purified pig gastric mucin. The reactivity of PGM34 with mucin was inhibited by periodate treatment of the mucin, but not by trypsin digestion. This suggests that PGM34 recognizes the carbohydrate portion of mucin. To determine the epitope, oligosaccharide-alditols obtained from pig gastric mucin were fractionated by successive gel-filtration, ion-exchange, and normal-phase HPLC, and tested for reactivity with PGM34. Two purified oligosaccharide-alditols that reacted with PGM34 were obtained. Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopy as Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAc(6SO(3)H)beta1-6(Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-3)GalNAc-ol and Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAc(6SO(3)H)beta1-6(Galbeta1-3)GalNAc-ol. None of the defucosylated or desulfated forms of these oligosaccharides reacted with PGM34. Thus, the epitope of PGM34 was determined as the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAc(6SO(3)H)beta- sequence. Immunohistochemical examination of rat gastrointestinal tract showed that PGM34 stained surface mucous cells close to the generative cell zone in the gastric fundus and goblet cells in the small intestine, but only slightly stained antral mucous cells in the stomach. These data, taken together, show that PGM34 is a very useful tool for elucidating the role of mucins with characteristic sulfated oligosaccharides.
Range Gated Imaging System for Underwater Robotic Vehicle (2006)

This paper introduces the work that has been done to improve the underwater visibility from Underwater Robotic Vehicle (URV) for sub-sea inspection and repair missions. It is undertaken as part of a research program to develop an underwater imaging system in turbid water condition. Images associated with underwater imaging systems are frequently degraded due to absorption and scattering effects from its underwater environment. The absorption effect reduces the signal strength, and the latter effect reduces both signal strength and image resolution. In order to improve the underwater visibility in turbid conditions, general design considerations of the imaging system are planned in two stages, namely: hardware upgrading and system optimization. We demonstrate this concept by improving the underwater visibility with an advanced technique -evelopment range gated imaging system (hardware upgrading), and the optimization stage in terms of tail-gating and image processing techniques. Tail-gating is realized by a delay in camera gating towards the tail of Reflected Image Temporal Profile (RITP). It is followed by Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) to further enhance the range-gated images. A quantitative image quality measure, Modified Fidelity Index (MF), is used to evaluate the enhanced imaging techniques. The measure is based on 2 dimensional grayscale images of USAF (United State Air Force) targets. These targets have been used extensively in underwater imaging system development. It has resolution bars in various frequencies and arrangement, which enable spatial frequencies and signal strength analysis.
Sandwich Hologram Interferometry: a New Dimension in Holographic Comparison (1974)

New methods are introduced that utilize interferometric comparison of images of diffusely reflecting objects from different hologram plates that are sandwiched together. To make the plate positions optically and mechanically identical during reconstruction and exposure, they are also exposed in sandwiches. If the two sandwiched hologram plates are separated by a small distance a new method of fringe evaluation can be used. Fringes caused by object tilt between two exposures can be eliminated by an analogous, but much larger, tilt of the sandwich hologram during reconstruction. Even the direction of tilt, forward or backward, is found this way.
Cleavage of the NF-κB Family Protein p65/RelA by the Chlamydial Protease-like Activity Factor (CPAF) Impairs Proinflammatory Signaling in Cells Infected with Chlamydiae (2010)

Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria that frequently cause human disease. Chlamydiae replicate in a membranous vacuole in the cytoplasm termed inclusion but have the ability to transport proteins into the host cell cytosol. Chlamydial replication is associated with numerous changes of host cell functions, and these changes are often linked to proteolytic events. It has been shown earlier that the member of the NF-κB family of inflammation-associated transcription factors, p65/RelA, is cleaved during chlamydial infection, and a chlamydial protease has been implicated. We here provide evidence that the chlamydial protease chlamydial protease-like activity factor (CPAF) is responsible for degradation of p65/RelA during infection. This degradation was seen in human and in mouse cells infected with either Chlamydia trachomatis or Chlamydia pneumoniae where it correlated with the expression of CPAF and CPAF activity. Isolated expression of active C. trachomatis or C. pneumoniae CPAF in human or mouse cells yielded a p65 fragment of indistinguishable size from the one generated during infection. Expression of active CPAF in human cells caused a mild reduction in IκBα phosphorylation but a strong reduction in NF-κB reporter activity in response to interleukin-1β. Infection with C. trachomatis likewise reduced this responsiveness. IL-1β-dependent secretion of IL-8 was further reduced by CPAF expression. Secretion of CPAF is, thus, a mechanism that reduces host cell sensitivity to a proinflammatory stimulus, which may facilitate bacterial growth in vivo.
System Service Call-oriented Symbolic Execution of Android Framework with Applications to Vulnerability Discovery and Exploit Generation (2017)

Android Application Framework is an integral and foundational part of the Android system. Each of the 1.4 billion Android devices relies on the system services of Android Framework to manage applications and system resources. Given its critical role, a vulnerability in the framework can be exploited to launch large-scale cyber attacks and cause severe harms to user security and privacy. Recently, many vulnerabilities in Android Framework were exposed, showing that it is vulnerable and exploitable. However, most of the existing research has been limited to analyzing Android applications, while there are very few techniques and tools developed for analyzing Android Framework. In particular, to our knowledge, there is no previous work that analyzes the framework through symbolic execution, an approach that has proven to be very powerful for vulnerability discovery and exploit generation. We design and build the first system, Centaur, that enables symbolic execution of Android Framework. Due to some unique characteristics of the framework, such as its middleware nature and extraordinary complexity, many new challenges arise and are tackled in Centaur. In addition, we demonstrate how the system can be applied to discovering new vulnerability instances, which can be exploited by several recently uncovered attacks against the framework, and to generating PoC exploits.
High-Speed Circuits for Lightwave Communications (1999)

High speed circuits for lightwave communications, K. Pedrotti Si and SiGe bipolar ICs for 10 to 40 Gb/s optical-fibre TDM links, H.-M. Rein low transimpedance-fluctuation design for 10-GHz Si-bipolar preamplifier in 10 Gb/s optical transmission systems, T. Masuda et al 20-40-Gbit/s-class GaAs MESFET digital ICs for future optical fibre communications systems, T. Otsuji et al 20-40 Gbit/s GaAs-HEMT chip set for optical data receiver, Z. Lao et al AlGaAs/GaAs HBT circuits for optical TDM communications, K. Runge et al high speed cross-point switches, C.E. Chang et al HBT ICs for OC-192 equipment, J. Sitch and R. Surridge present status and future prospects of high-speed lightwave ICs based on InP, E. Sano et al InP HBT ICs for 40 Gb/s optical links, M. Mokhtari et al a review of recent progress in InP-based optoelectronic integrated circuit receiver front-ends, R.H. Walden ultrahigh fmax AlInAs/GaInAs transferred-substrate heterojunction bipolar transistors for integrated circuits applications, B. Agarwal et al.
Design methods for attaining IBM System z9 processor cycle-time goals (2007)

Cycle-time targets were set for the IBM System z9™ processor subsystem prior to building the system, and achieving these targets was one of the biggest challenges we faced during hardware development. In particular, although the processor-subsystem cycle-time improvement was driven primarily by the technology migration from CMOS 9S (130-nm lithography) for the prior IBM System z990 to CMOS 10S0 (90-nm lithography) for the new system, the cooling capability for the System z9 resulted from a direct migration of the System z990 implementation with very limited improvements. The higher device current leakage and power associated with the technology migration, combined with the fixed cooling capability, created a technology challenge in which the subsystem cycle time and performance were potentially limited by cooling capability. Our solution emphasized silicon technology development, chip design, and hardware characterization and tuning. Ultimately, the System z9 processor subsystem achieved operation at 1.7 GHz, which exceeded the original target.