gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Hepatic Metastases from Colorectal Cancer (2010)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been detected in patients with a variety of metastatic cancers, including colorectal, and may be a significant prognostic variable in patients with liver metastases. This prospective study involved 20 patients (13 men and 7 women) undergoing surgical excision or ablation of liver metastases from a colon or rectal primary tumor. Four 7.5-mL vials of peripheral blood were drawn preoperatively, 2 weeks postoperatively, and during mobilization of the liver or at the beginning of radiofrequency ablation. The samples were centrifuged, the sera combined to a final volume of 7.5 mL, and the CellSearch system used to identify circulating epithelial cells. A CTC count >2 was defined as clinically significant. Preoperative CTC levels averaged 3.9 (range, 0-56) and were significant in 2 patients (10%). Postoperative CTC levels averaged 1.0 (in 18 patients; range, 0-9) and were significant in 1 patient (5%). Intraoperative CTC levels averaged 28.2 (range, 0-315) and were significant in 10 patients (50%). At a median follow-up of 11.5 months (range, 5-25), 6 patients (30%) were dead of disease, 6 patients (30%) showed no evidence of disease, and 8 patients (40%) were alive with disease. Statistical analysis suggested a correlation between the presence of postoperative CTCs and survival (P = 0.036), as well as with disease-free survival (P = 0.036). Thus, CTCs are present and quantifiable in many patients with colorectal hepatic metastases, and peripheral CTCs are present in greater quantity during intraoperative liver manipulation. This preliminary study suggests a relationship between the presence of postoperative CTCs and outcome. Further accrual and follow-up of this group is needed to confirm these findings.
Insertion of a Targeting Peptide on Capsid Surface Loops of Human Papillomavirus Type-16 Virus-like Particles Mediate Elimination of Anti-dsDNA Abs-producing B Cells With High Efficiency (2008)

The purpose of this study was to design chimeric human papillomavirus type-16 L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) and to explore the potential capacity of elimination to anti-dsDNA antibody-producing B cells. To test it, VLPs were achieved by combination of human papillomavirus type-16 L1 proteins inserted into a targeting peptide (DWEYSVWLSN) and plasmids encoding diphtheria toxin A ligand. Additionally, VLPs were cocultured with target cells to assess the killing efficiency by lactate dehydrogenase assay in vitro. Lastly, lupus-prone (BWF1) mice vaccinated with VLPs were used as a model to assess the killing efficiency in vivo. The results showed that the VLPs were constructed successfully, and possessed the potential of killing anti-dsDNA antibody-producing B cells with high efficiency. The findings indicate the possibility that the VLPs ablate autoreactive B cells represents a novel strategy in the immunotherapy of autoantibody-mediated diseases.
Analysis and recognition of 5' UTR intron splice sites in human pre-mRNA (2004)

Prediction of splice sites in non-coding regions of genes is one of the most challenging aspects of gene structure recognition. We perform a rigorous analysis of such splice sites embedded in human 5' untranslated regions (UTRs), and investigate correlations between this class of splice sites and other features found in the adjacent exons and introns. By restricting the training of neural network algorithms to 'pure' UTRs (not extending partially into protein coding regions), we for the first time investigate the predictive power of the splicing signal proper, in contrast to conventional splice site prediction, which typically relies on the change in sequence at the transition from protein coding to non-coding. By doing so, the algorithms were able to pick up subtler splicing signals that were otherwise masked by 'coding' noise, thus enhancing significantly the prediction of 5' UTR splice sites. For example, the non-coding splice site predicting networks pick up compositional and positional bias in the 3' ends of non-coding exons and 5' non-coding intron ends, where cytosine and guanine are over-represented. This compositional bias at the true UTR donor sites is also visible in the synaptic weights of the neural networks trained to identify UTR donor sites. Conventional splice site prediction methods perform poorly in UTRs because the reading frame pattern is absent. The NetUTR method presented here performs 2-3-fold better compared with NetGene2 and GenScan in 5' UTRs. We also tested the 5' UTR trained method on protein coding regions, and discovered, surprisingly, that it works quite well (although it cannot compete with NetGene2). This indicates that the local splicing pattern in UTRs and coding regions is largely the same. The NetUTR method is made publicly available at www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetUTR.
Ambrisentan, a Non‐peptide Endothelin Receptor Antagonist (2006)

Increasing numbers of experimental investigations and recently also of clinical trials strongly suggest an integral involvement of the endothelin (ET)-system in the pathophysiology of a variety of disease states, mainly of the cardiovascular system. Ambrisentan (LU 208075), a selective ET(A)-receptor antagonist, is an orally active diphenyl propionic acid derivative. It has been shown to have a very promising efficacy to safety ratio in the initial clinical trials. Phase II and Phase III trials with ambrisentan in pulmonary arterial hypertension have been performed. The pharmacological properties and data from the experimental investigations suggest additional possible uses of ambrisentan in the prevention of reperfusion injury after organ transplantation and in restenosis following coronary artery dilatation. Furthermore, the pharmacological profile of ambrisentan indicates that this drug may also be suitable in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. In the present article basic investigations, animal studies and clinical trials with ambrisentan are reviewed. This review may help to define pathophysiological conditions, in which ambrisentan could be indicated and further evaluated in appropriate preclinical and clinical trials.
Factor VIII polypeptide specificity of monoclonal anti‐factor VIII antibodies (1988)

Four monoclonal antibodies against factor VIII, NMC-VIII/1, NMC-VIII/2, NMC-VIII/3 and NMC-VIII/4, were produced. The first three antibodies were of the IgG1 immunoglobulin subclass, while the fourth was IgM. The affinity of each antibody for factor VIII was high and anti-factor VIII clotting activity was detected in NMC-VIII/2, NMC-VIII/3 and NMC-VIII/4. NMC-VIII/1 had no inhibitory effect on factor VIII clotting activity. Immunoblotting using purified intact and thrombin-treated factor VIII identified the antibodies' factor VIII polypeptide specificities. With thrombin-treated factor VIII the factor VIII fragments for NMC-VIII/1 and NMC-VIII/2 were 80 kDa and 54 kDa, respectively, while both NMC-VIII/3 and NMC-VIII/4 recognised a 44 kDa fragment. With intact factor VIII, antibodies NMC-VIII/2-4 bound to polypeptides larger than 90 kDa, especially NMC-VIII/2, which reacted with a chain of 330 kDa thought to be a mature form of factor VIII protein. We also detected a mature form of factor VIII in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells by immunoperoxidase staining. Identification of the factor VIII polypeptides bearing these fragments enabled us to clarify the localization of the factor VIII thrombin cleavage site, and suggested the existence of factor VIII in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in a polymorphic liquid crystal (2012)

In order to enhance the phase stability of dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in a polymorphic liquid crystal, new ligands have been designed consisting of a terphenyl-based liquid crystalline core. The most stable dispersions were obtained with 7 nm super-paramagnetic Fe3O4 NPs decorated with the new ligands in place of 10 nm ferromagnetic CoFe2O4 spherical NPs.
Identification of the major structural and nonstructural proteins encoded by human parvovirus B19 and mapping of their genes by procaryotic expression of isolated genomic fragments (1986)

Plasma from a child with homozygous sickle-cell disease, sampled during the early phase of an aplastic crisis, contained human parvovirus B19 virions. Plasma taken 10 days later (during the convalescent phase) contained both immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies directed against two viral polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 83,000 and 58,000 which were present exclusively in the particulate fraction of the plasma taken during the acute phase. These two protein species comigrated at 110S on neutral sucrose velocity gradients with the B19 viral DNA and thus appear to constitute the viral capsid polypeptides. The B19 genome was molecularly cloned into a bacterial plasmid vector. Restriction endonuclease fragments of this cloned B19 genome were treated with BAL 31 and shotgun cloned into the open reading frame expression vector pJS413. Two expression constructs containing B19 sequences from different halves of the viral genome were obtained, which directed the synthesis, in bacteria, of segments of virally encoded protein. These polypeptide fragments were then purified and used to immunize rabbits. Antibodies against a protein sequence specified between nucleotides 2897 and 3749 recognized both the 83- and 58-kilodalton capsid polypeptides in aplastic plasma taken during the acute phase and detected similar proteins in the tissues of a stillborn fetus which had been infected transplacentally with B19. Antibodies against a protein sequence encoded in the other half of the B19 genome (nucleotides 1072 through 2044) did not react specifically with any protein in plasma taken during the acute phase but recognized three nonstructural polypeptides of 71, 63, and 52 kilodaltons present in the liver and, at lower levels, in some other tissues of the transplacentally infected fetus.
The DIG Description Logic Interface (2003)

The Semantic Web has seen increased interest in the use of Description Logic technology to support ontologies, in particular, the use of classi cation and consistency checking. This requires that the functionality of DL reasoners be made readily available to applications. We present a simple interface de nition for DL systems that facilitates their use in systems and describe its implementation in two DL systems.
Intestinal Glucose Transport in Acute Viral Enteritis in Piglets (1981)

1. We studied intestinal glucose transport in pigs during the acute and convalescent phases of an invasive viral enteritis, transmissible gastroenteritis. 2. When diarhoea was severe 40 h after experimental infection, net absorption of glucose, Na+ and water, measured by marker perfusion in the jejunum, was reduced; the enhancement of Na+ and water absorption in response to increasing perfusate glucose concentrations up to 120 mmol/l was diminished compared with the response observed in control and convalescent pigs. 3. Measured in vitro, 40 h after infection, unidirectional fluxes of 3-O-methyl-D-glucose across the jejunal epithelium were reduced and net absorption of the sugar was obliterated. Phlorizin (0.05 mmol/l), which completely inhibited net 3-O-methyl-D-glucose absorption in control tissue, had no significant effect on transmissible gastroenteritis jejunum. 4. Our data suggest that in this invasive viral enteritis, which closely resembles human rotavirus enteritis, glucose absorption is impaired as a result of defects in both active and passive glucose flux. 5. Differences between the mechanisms of viral diarrhoea, demonstrated by our study and those of the enterotoxigenic diarrhoeas, should be taken into consideration in formulating active therapeutic measures for children with acute viral diarrhoea.
An Optimized Message-Oriented Middleware Solution for Extending Enterprise Services to the Mobile Domain (2005)

The extension of services from the enterprise domain to the mobile infrastructure offers many attractive business cases for software companies. However, accomplishing this task poses many problems, which mainly stem from the differences of the environments and limited resources of the mobile terminals. One of the problems is application middleware frameworks applied in the Enterprise systems, which are difficult to be extended to the mobile domain. This paper presents a binary-based message-oriented middleware (MOM) solution to bridge the gap between the enterprise and mobile domains. Requirements for the proposal have been gathered from a mobile business case to be realized. The main advantage of the solution is the minimization of overhead compared to text-based approaches. Also reusability aspects of the solution have been discussed. The proposal can be seen as an alternative to the compressing the payload, when low cost access to mobile services with mobile devices with limited capabilities is considered as a requirement
Purification, Substrate Range, and Metal Center of AtzC: the <i>N</i> -Isopropylammelide Aminohydrolase Involved in Bacterial Atrazine Metabolism (2002)

N-Isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase, AtzC, the third enzyme in the atrazine degradation pathway in Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP, catalyzes the stoichiometric hydrolysis of N-isopropylammelide to cyanuric acid and isopropylamine. The atzC gene was cloned downstream of the tac promoter and expressed in Escherichia coli, where the expressed enzyme comprised 36% of the soluble protein. AtzC was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and phenyl column chromatography. It has a subunit size of 44,938 kDa and a holoenzyme molecular weight of 174,000. The K(m) and k(cat) values for AtzC with N-isopropylammelide were 406 micro M and 13.3 s(-1), respectively. AtzC hydrolyzed other N-substituted amino dihydroxy-s-triazines, and those with linear N-alkyl groups had higher k(cat) values than those with branched alkyl groups. Native AtzC contained 0.50 eq of Zn per subunit. The activity of metal-depleted AtzC was restored with Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) salts. Cobalt-substituted AtzC had a visible absorbance band at 540 nm (Delta epsilon = 84 M(-1) cm(-1)) and exhibited an axial electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal with the following effective values: g((x)) = 5.18, g((y)) = 3.93, and g((z)) = 2.24. Incubating cobalt-AtzC with the competitive inhibitor 5-azacytosine altered the effective EPR signal values to g((x)) = 5.11, g((y)) = 4.02, and g((z)) = 2.25 and increased the microwave power at half saturation at 10 K from 31 to 103 mW. Under the growth conditions examined, our data suggest that AtzC has a catalytically essential, five-coordinate Zn(II) metal center in the active site and specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of intermediates generated during the metabolism of s-triazine herbicides.
Targeted delivery of Epirubicin to cancer cells by PEGylated A10 aptamer (2013)

Clinical administrations of anthracyclines are limited by cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression. Targeted delivery of anticancer agents is especially important in reducing their side effects. In this work, A10 (Apt), an aptamer for prostate-specific membrane anytigen (PSMA), was applied for targeted delivery of Epirubicin (Epi) to LNCaP cells (PSMA(+)). Flow cytometry analysis showed that PEG-Apt-Epi complex was internalized effectively to LNCaP cells (PSMA(+)), but not to PC3 cells (PSMA(-)). This fact was confirmed by less cytotoxicity of PEG-Apt-Epi complex in PC3 cells in comparison with Epi alone. No significant change in viability between Epi- and complex-treated LNCaP cells was observed. In conclusion, PEG-Apt-Epi complex is an efficient and simple system for specific delivery of drug to PSMA-expressing cell lines.
Allylic oxidation of olefins by catalytic and stoichiometric selenium dioxide with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAllylic oxidation of olefins by catalytic and stoichiometric selenium dioxide with tert-butyl hydroperoxideM. A. Umbreit and K. B. SharplessCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 16, 5526–5528Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00458a072RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views10174Altmetric-Citations459LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (398 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Remediation of Petroleum-contaminated Sites through Simulation of a DPVE-aided Cleanup Process: Part 2. Remediation Design (2007)

Abstract Remediation of petroleum-contaminated sites is usually a challenging task. It is hard to identify and customize a desired remediation technique or technique-combination into specific on-site conditions due mainly to the difficulties in gaining insight into the complex source and medium conditions in aquifer systems. Moreover, it is exigent to remediate sites where low-permeability soil layers exist. This study presents an integrated approach based on the simulation of a DPVE-aided (dual-phase vacuum extraction aided) remediation process for the identification and customization of desired remediation techniques, as well as its application to a site located in western Canada. Data of the specific site conditions, the forecasted results of contaminant transport, and the scenarios of remediation techniques with different treatment efficiencies are examined. Then the proposed approach was applied to design six remediation alternatives based on combinations of several technologies and the provision of analyses for system designs and costs. The study will help provide decision support for further remediation actions to be taken at the site.
Single MZI-based 1×4 DQPSK demodulator (2007)

We present a newly developed planar lightwave circuit (PLC) type 1×4 DQPSK demodulator, which has simply designed 90°-hybrid. We also demonstrate a low insertion loss and excellent 43 Gbps demodulation characteristics. (2 pages)
Chronic morphine induces visible changes in the morphology of mesolimbic dopamine neurons. (1996)

The mesolimbic dopamine system, which arises in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), is an important neural substrate for opiate reinforcement and addiction. Chronic exposure to opiates is known to produce biochemical adaptations in this brain region. We now show that these adaptations are associated with structural changes in VTA dopamine neurons. Individual VTA neurons in paraformaldehyde-fixed brain sections from control or morphine-treated rats were injected with the fluorescent dye Lucifer yellow. The identity of the injected cells as dopaminergic or nondopaminergic was determined by immunohistochemical labeling of the sections for tyrosine hydroxylase. Chronic morphine treatment resulted in a mean approximately 25% reduction in the area and perimeter of VTA dopamine neurons. This reduction in cell size was prevented by concomitant treatment of rats with naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, as well as by intra-VTA infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In contrast, chronic morphine treatment did not alter the size of nondopaminergic neurons in the VTA, nor did it affect the total number of dopaminergic neurons in this brain region. The results of these studies provide direct evidence for structural alterations in VTA dopamine neurons as a consequence of chronic opiate exposure, which could contribute to changes in mesolimbic dopamine function associated with addiction.
Ultrasonic Signal Processing for <u>in Vivo</u> Attenuation Measurement: Short Time Fourier Analysis (1983)

Short-time Fourier analysis is well suited for processing tissue echographic signals which are nonstationary. We have investigated the use of short-time Fourier analysis to provide an estimation of the echographic spectral composition as a function of time. It will be shown that the time dependence of the spectral centroid of this representation allows one to deduce easily the frequency-dependent attenuation. A simple correction of the noninvariant filtering effect due to diffraction is used to unbias the attenuation slope estimation. This new signal processing technique was first tested on simulated echographic data from a 1-D tissue model. Experimental results obtained from echo signals on a tissue-like phantom and on in vivo liver tissue show the influence of diffraction and attenuation respectively.
Measuring the angle of a rotating link through compliant driving tendons (2008)

Measuring the position of a tendon-driven rotating link, based on the state of the tendons at the proximal end is challenging. Specifically, tendon elasticity and Coulomb friction can cause significant nonlinearities in the relationship between the motion at the proximal end of the tendon and the motion of the link. An extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed as a potential method to refine estimates of link position based on proximal measurements. A model link and tendon system is built to demonstrate the impact of these effects on measurement. Sensors are incorporated to allow direct measurement of the link position in addition to the motion of the tendons at their origins. A dynamic model is developed for the resulting system and used in conjunction with an EKF to generate improved estimates of the linkpsilas motion based on proximal measurements alone.
PRP and HSR for High Availability Networks in Power Utility Automation: A Method for Redundant Frames Discarding (2015)

Critical systems require zero recovery time when a failure occurs in a communications network. The soon to be implemented standard IEC 62439-3 defines the only two protocols, parallel redundancy protocol and high-availability seamless redundancy, which fulfill this requirement and ensure no frame loss in the presence of an error. These protocols also provide a hot-plugging capability, which allows elements to be added to or removed from the network without interrupting communications and the operation of the plant. The electricity sector has adopted these for power utility automation in the recently published IEC 61850-90-4. The challenge is to obtain an efficient approach for use in electronic devices, capable of managing the characteristic duplicates, and circulating frames of these protocols, coupled with agile architectures capable of dealing with real-time processing requirements, fast switching times, high throughput, and deterministic behavior. The main contribution of this paper is the in-depth analysis it makes of network parameters imposed by the application of the protocols to power utility automation, and the proposition of a frame management system based on a segmented memory system that improves frame detecting time and uses the smallest memory required in order to resolve all the issues dealt with.
High-speed multiple-reclosing oil circuit breaker (1953)

THE RAPID EXPANSION of electric power requirements in the Tennessee Valley area has created a demand for circuit breakers which has greatly exceeded previous records both for size and number of units involved. Present requirements call for over 100 3-pole units, all rated at 10,000,000 kva 161 kv, and applicable on highspeed, single-, double-, and triple-reclosing duty at rating factors of 84, 64, and 51 per cent, respectively.