gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Secondary Lymphedema of the Arm with Physical Decongestive Therapy and Sodium Selenite (2000)

Secondary lymphedema (LE) in the proximal extremities develop with relatively high frequency in cancer patients after tumor resection, lymph-node obliteration, and/or postoperative irradiation. Physical therapy combined with manual or mechanical lymph drainage and compression bandaging provides symptomatic relief but does prevent the progression of degenerative changes in the affected tissues. As biochemical studies have linked these changes significantly to the excessive generation of oxygen radicals in the affected tissues, LE therapy should aim to eliminate oxygen radical production. Because selenium is a functional component of antioxidant enzymes, has anti-inflammatory properties, and reduces the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, its effect was investigated in postmastectomy patients with LE of the arm. Sodium selenite administered orally in isotonic solution (selenase) at oral dosages of 800 microg Se/day on days 1 through 4 and 500 microg Se/day on days 5 through 28 produced a spontaneous reduction in LE volume and normalized blood parameters in a manner consistent with diminished oxygen radical production. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with postmastectomy LE patients undergoing combined physical decongestion therapy (CPDT), selenite at similar dosages increased the efficacy of CPDT and improved the mobility and heat tolerance of the affected extremity. The patients in this study received 1000 microg of Se/day orally during the first week, 300 microg Se/day during the second and third weeks, and a maintenance dose of 100 microg Se/day during 3 months of follow-up. All patients remained erysipelas-free during the 3 weeks of CPDT and the 3-month follow-up period. Based on the available evidence, supplementation with sodium selenite in isotonic solution is judged to be a valuable and safe extension of the physical decongestive therapy of LE.
Translational Stroke Research of the Combination of Thrombolysis and Antioxidant Therapy (2011)

Stroke is an enormous public health problem with an imperative need for more effective therapy. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is the only licensed drug for acute stroke, but its efficacy may be limited by the toxicity of the compound and by reperfusion injury. The coadministration of neuroprotective drugs could augment the value of thrombolytic therapy, but the evidence in support of this approach is scarce. The use of the free radical trapping NXY-059, either with or without recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, was not successful in Phase III studies. However, these results could reflect its weak antioxidant capacity, poor blood-brain barrier penetration, and lack of synergism with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator as well as the overly broad treatment window used in the reported trials. This article contends that further translational research should explore newer antioxidant drugs in combination with thrombolytic agents, but only if the combination yields additive or synergistic effects in preclinical thromboembolic models or in biomarker-assisted Phase II studies. Edaravone and novel nitrones endowed with a better pharmacokinetic profile or multitarget and thrombolytic activity are discussed as well as the latest research data on uric acid, a strong endogenous antioxidant in blood that is early consumed after acute stroke. The coadministration of uric acid and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator has shown to provide synergistic neuroprotection in experimental thromboembolic models and to lessen several biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with acute stroke. The clinical efficacy of uric acid is currently under investigation in a Phase III trial that follows current recommendations of also evaluating surrogate biomarkers of treatment effects.
Experimental Implementation of 8.9Kgate Stress Monitor in 28nm MCU Along with Safety Software Library for IoT Device Maintenance (2019)

The on-chip stress monitor was experimentally implemented in a 28 nm automotive micro-controller-unit (MCU) to demonstrate the contribution to long-term fatigue monitoring of the MCU as well as short-term anomaly finding of the system. The monitor comprises of 8.1 Kgate digital soft-macro including four stress counters driven by 0.8 Kgate two dedicated ring oscillators, which automatically convert environmental temperature and voltage stress into oscillation frequency according to Arrhenius and Eyring models. The monitor operates independently in the background of main operations. The safety software library was developed to extract beneficial information from the counters after every power-on reset, including stress age and temporal variations of thermal stress. The functions were confirmed by the MCU measurements. The library also proved to contribute to functional safety of main temperature sensor. Future usage picture of the monitor was discussed including IoT maintenance, system design feedback and used electronics recycling.
Synthetic Modification of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Chromosome:  Enhancing the Biocatalytic Conversion of Glucose into Aromatic Chemicals (1996)

The yield of l-phenylalanine, racemic phenyllactic acid, and prephenic acid synthesized from glucose has been doubled and contamination of these aromatic end products by biosynthetic intermediates drastically reduced. These improvements resulted from increasing the in vivo catalytic activity of specific enzymes in the common pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis by chromosomal modification of Escherichia coli. The centerpiece of these changes was the synthesis of a multigene cassette carrying aroA (encoding EPSP synthase), aroC (encoding chorismate synthase), and aroB (encoding DHQ synthase). Chromosomal insertion of the synthesized multigene cassette into E. coli KAD29B, a strain having a mutation in the tyrR locus which relieves transcriptional repression of aroL (encoding shikimate kinase), resulted in biocatalysts KAD1D and KAD11D. Improved catalytic activities of individual common pathway enzymes have previously been accomplished with extrachromosomal plasmids encoding the appropriate loci. By contrast, the chromosomal alterations possessed by KAD1D and KAD11D circumvent potential problems associated with plasmid instability and unnecessary overexpression of plasmid-encoded, common pathway enzymes. The described modifications of the E. coli chromosome and the methods utilized to achieve these changes will also simplify construction of future generations of aromatic-synthesizing biocatalysts.
Pregnancy management in coronavirus disease – Challenges in developing countries (2021)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection, first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. The infection has spread in more than 150 countries and is a pandemic. Governments across the world have adopted rigorous measures to reduce both the spread by lockdown and cancelling most visas. It has detrimental effects on health-care systems and on the whole economy of world including the USA.
A Partial Enhanced-Scan Approach to Robust Delay-Fault Test Generation for Sequential Circuits (2005)

The authors address the problem of robust path-delay-fault test generation for sequential circuits by using a partial enhanced-scan/standard-scan approach and by using the notion of scan shifting. Vector pairs that can be obtained by single-bit shifts can be applied at speed under standard scan. An algorithm is given to determine an efficient ordering of the flip-flops in the scan chain using the information derived from running a delay test generator on the circuit. Given an ordering of the flip-flops, the authors give an optimization algorithm that attempts to minimize the number of flip-flops to be made enhanced-scan so as to obtain the required level of delay-fault coverage.
BinaryNet: Training Deep Neural Networks with Weights and Activations Constrained to +1 or -1 (2016)

We introduce BinaryNet, a method which trains DNNs with binary weights and
activations when computing parameters' gradient. We show that it is possible to
train a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) on MNIST and ConvNets on CIFAR-10 and SVHN
with BinaryNet and achieve nearly state-of-the-art results. At run-time,
BinaryNet drastically reduces memory usage and replaces most multiplications by
1-bit exclusive-not-or (XNOR) operations, which might have a big impact on both
general-purpose and dedicated Deep Learning hardware. We wrote a binary matrix
multiplication GPU kernel with which it is possible to run our MNIST MLP 7
times faster than with an unoptimized GPU kernel, without suffering any loss in
classification accuracy. The code for BinaryNet is available.
Feedback‐assisted three‐dimensional reconstruction of the left ventricle with MRI (2003)

3D models can be used to accurately determine ventricular volume parameters. Results can be obtained using images from a variety of orientations, providing greater flexibility during image acquisition and possibly reducing the number of images needed for analysis. Feedback is provided to assist the analysis by providing a continuous update of the LV shape and volume. This feature allows the user to determine LV parameters to a predefined accuracy or to terminate the analysis when the parameters are not changing. This method is not restricted to multislice cine imaging in a single or prescribed slice orientation, and can be used for quick, accurate, and interactive analysis of cardiac function.
Antibodies to human ZP3 induce reversible contraception in transgenic mice with `humanized' zonae pellucidae (1999)

The initial spermatozoon-egg interaction of mammalian fertilization is mediated by the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix composed of three glycoproteins (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3). These proteins are sufficiently conserved between human and mouse to form chimeric zonae pellucidae, and genetically engineered mice in which the endogenous mouse ZP3 has been replaced by human ZP3 have 'humanized' zonae, but normal fertility. Administration of monoclonal antibodies to mouse ZP3 does not affect fertility in these animals, but administration of antibodies to human ZP3 results in long-term, reversible contraception. The antibodies coat the zonae pellucidae surrounding growing oocytes within the ovary and their presence in the zona matrix inhibits, but does not eliminate, sperm binding. The contraceptive effect is attributed to steric hindrance that decreases sperm binding and prevents penetration through the zona pellucida. The resumption of fertility is associated with the disappearance of antibodies from the zona matrix. No adverse effect on mating behaviour, ovarian histology or fetal development (if administered after fertilization) is detected in treated females. These results suggest that transgenic mice expressing human proteins will prove useful in assessing contraceptive efficacy of zona epitopes in the rational design of immunocontraception directed at the human zona pellucida.
The Gustaf Britsch Theory of the Visual Arts. (1971)

It is the intention of this article to attempt to offer a substantially valid interpretation to the theoretical findings of Gustaf Britsch. As with any theoretic interpretation there will be some degree of conjecture. From the sources available in translation it is possible to outline, in relative detail, an interpretation of Britsch's theory which has an adaptability that is compatible with the current demands that visual imagery extend to perceptual differentiation. That is not to say, however, that Britsch's theory as formulated by Egon Kornmann will be subject to dispute, but rather that an effort will be made to amplify the theory through further analysis and more extensive explanation. The rationale for such a proposal stems from the fact that the Britsch theory of the visual arts holds for art education a greater implication than a singular ramification of the concept of developmental cognition within the perceptual process; that, in essence, being its present application vis-a-vis Kornmann, Schaefer-Simmern, Arnheim. It is, it would seem in the liberal sense, a theory that encompasses the visual arts in a most inclusive manner. In this respect, it is a theory that becomes a comprehensive synthesis of other related theoretical substance: a theory that is adaptable, in part, to art history, aesthetics, psychology, philosophy,l perhaps sociology (anthropologically or ethnologically), and art education. The theory is one of manifest orientation, while at the same time, not intentionally directed toward any of these related disciplines in a specific manner.2 That the latter area of art education should be included, however, was of Britsch's own choosing, for he recognized his theory's applicability to the pedagogical arena.3 The translatableness of his initial findings to the field of art education was not fully realized in his lifetime. His findings were later to be synthesized by Egon Kornmann and published in 1926 as the Theorie der bildenden Kunst.4 That his findings were interpreted such as they were could be assumed to be the consequence of a current trend of thought concerning the role of research in art education contemporary to Britsch's Germany and to the personal inclinations of his interpreter and student, Egon Kornmann. As a result of this channelling of Britsch's findings in one particular direction, it is a possibility that other areas of consideration became negated for the sake of expediting the theory's relation to current ideologies existent within the field of art education.
Kirkpatrick-Baez super mirror optics for intense neutron microbeams. (2024)

High-performance neutron super mirrors in the Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) geometry can efficiently focus polychromatic neutron beams to small spots. We have recently demonstrated near ideal performance with a prototype system designed to produce broad-bandpass neutron beams less than 100 {mu}m in size with wavelengths between 0.8 and 1.4 {angstrom}. We describe the design criteria for the prototype system, and show that for thermal neutrons and typical beamline distances, optical aberrations and gravitational dispersion are negligible. We also describe ways to improve the performance of KB optics and techniques to extend the advantages of KB supermirror optics to long wavelength neutrons (4-6 {angstrom}) where gravitation dispersion is significant.
Expression of a Novel Chitinase by the Fungal Endophyte in Poa ampla (2004)

Many wild and cultivated cool-season grass species are naturally infected with fungal endophytes of the genera Neotyphodium and Epichloë. These associations generally are considered mutualistic with the plants benefiting from reduced herbivory and the fungi benefiting from nutrients supplied by the plants. The fungi secrete proteins that might have a role in the interspecies symbiosis. In the interaction between Poa ampla Merr. and the endophyte Neotyphodium sp., a fungal chitinase was detected in the apoplastic protein fraction. The chitinase was also the major protein secreted in culture. Sequence analysis of the chitinase revealed it has a low level of amino acid sequence identity to other fungal chitinases and one of the conserved active site residues is altered. DNA gel-blot analysis indicated the chitinase was encoded by a single gene. Expression of similar chitinases also was detected in endophyte-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Chewings fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. fallax [Thuill] Nyman). This is the first report of an endophyte chitinase expressed in the infected host grass. As a secreted hydrolytic enzyme, the chitinase might have roles in the nutrition, growth or defense of the endophyte.
Research on electronic travel document protocols using lattice-based cryptography (2015)

Statement of the ProblemThe world has become one globalized platform with the advent of sophisticated embedded systems as it allows people to communicate in the local town to the farthest town on this earth.This includes communicating via mobile phones, Internet or sending an instruction to microwave oven, television and other wireless systems.We make assumptions that our communication remains confidential when we communicate using mobile phones or Internet.We assume that the payment gateway will be authenticated and our banking details will remain confidential, while accessing Internet banking.We assume that our instruction sent to the wireless embedded systems will be received exactly as we had sent (Integrity) i.e. the message sent by us and the message received by the embedded system will be the same.We make these assumptions as there will be certain protocols followed to maintain security standards.The security of these protocols is generally based on certain computationally 'hard' problems such as factoring a very large number.These are computationally hard problems to solve due to limited computational resources.If a quantum computer will be built, then these problems will no longer remain computationally hard.They will be solved in polynomial time complexity.Hence, our messages will remain neither confidential nor have integrity.Network communication will, no longer be able to authenticate.Similarly, electronic travel documents will not remain secured.Today, travel documents are an integral part of the daily routine.Among these travel documents, passports allow the holder's identity to be verified.This protects the nations against illegitimate immigrants, criminals and terrorists.Similar to the above mentioned scenario, advent of quantum computers will allow forfeiting of passports.It will also allow access to personal information.Hence, posing risk to millions of lives. Methods and ProceduresTo conquer these issues, we propose to conduct research on replacing the current travel document protocols by using Lattice-based cryptography.This could be replicated in all other network based embedded systems.We are motivated to use Latticebased cryptography as it is one of the important classes of the post-quantum cryptography algorithms.Lattice based algorithms are important due to significant research by scientific community, well-known underlying lattice problems and computational efficiency.I want to express my deepest gratitude to Prof.
Microwave Discharge Ion Sources (2014)

This chapter describes the basic principles, design features and characteristics of microwave discharge ion sources. A suitable source for the production of intense beams for high-power accelerators must satisfy the requirements of high brightness, stability and reliability. The 2.45 GHz off-resonance microwave discharge sources are ideal devices to generate the required beams, as they produce multimilliampere beams of protons, deuterons and singly charged ions. A description of different technical designs will be given, analysing their performance, with particular attention being paid to the quality of the beam, especially in terms of its emittance.
Diagnostic miss rate for colorectal cancer: an audit. (2015)

17% of patients diagnosed with CRC had been investigated in the previous 3 years. Higher miss rate of barium enema should preclude its use as a first-line modality to investigate CRC.
An amino acid sequence common to both cartilage proteoglycan and link protein. (1985)

Cartilage proteoglycan monomers associate with hyaluronic acid to form proteoglycan aggregates. Link protein, interacting with both hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan, serves to stabilize the aggregate structure. In the course of determining the primary structure of link protein, two peptides produced by digestion of rat chondrosarcoma link protein with trypsin or chymotrypsin have been selectively purified by immunoaffinity chromatography on a column of monoclonal anti-link protein antibody (8A4) immobilized to Sepharose 4B. These peptides have been sequenced using the double-coupling dimethylaminoazobenzene isothiocyanate/phenyl isothiocyanate procedure. A consensus sequence, Cys-X-Ala-Gly-Trp-Leu-X-Asp-Gly-Ser-Val-X-Tyr-Pro-Ile-X-X-Pro, obtained by comparing the affinity-isolated tryptic peptide with the affinity-isolated chymotryptic peptide and an overlapping tryptic peptide, shows homology with a sequence obtained from the NH2-terminal of a CNBr peptide from proteo glycan core protein of bovine nasal cartilage: Ser-Ser-Ala-Gly-Trp-Leu-Ala-Asp-Arg-Ser-Val-Arg-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Ser-. We suggest that the common sequence is structurally important to the function of these proteins and may be involved in the binding of both link protein and proteoglycan to hyaluronic acid.
The Seleno-Acetal Route to Side-Chain-Modified 1α-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Analogues: Stereoselective Synthesis of the New 22Z Isomer of MC 903 (Calcipotriol) (1990)

An organo-selenium mediated regio- and stereoselective olefination reaction is used to elaborate the side chain in a convergent synthesis of (1α,3β,5Z,7E,22Z,24S)-24-cyclopropyl-9,10-secochola-5,7,10(19),22-tetraene-1,3,24-triol, the 22Z isomer of MC 903 (Calcipotriol).
Neurogenic hyperalgesia: central neural correlates in responses of spinothalamic tract neurons (1991)

1. The contribution of activity in spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons to the pain and neurogenic hyperalgesia produced by an intradermal injection of 100 micrograms of capsaicin was investigated. Electrophysiological responses of identified STT neurons recorded in anesthetized monkeys were compared with psychophysical measurements of pain and hyperalgesia obtained in humans using identical stimuli. 2. Magnitude estimates of pain in humans were obtained after an injection of capsaicin or the vehicle. Capsaicin produced immediate burning pain that was most intense within 15 s after injection and then declined over the next 10-30 min. The vehicle produced no pain. 3. Cutaneous hyperalgesia to gentle stroking (allodynia) and also hyperalgesia to punctate stimulation developed in a wide area surrounding the capsaicin injection. Within this area, magnitude estimates of pain produced by a punctate stimulus (von Frey type with force of 225 mN) increased over preinjection values by an average of sixfold at test sites, 1, 2, and 3 cm away from the injection site. At the capsaicin injection site, magnitude estimates of pain in response to punctate simulation typically remained the same or were decreased. 4. After capsaicin, but not vehicle, the mean heat pain thresholds were lowered from approximately 45 degrees C before injection to 34 degrees C after, but only in the immediate vicinity of the injection site. At a site located 2 cm away, the thresholds were not significantly altered. Similarly, magnitude estimates of pain produced by suprathreshold heat stimuli were increased after capsaicin only at the injection site. 5. STT neurons were classified as high-threshold (HT) or wide-dynamic-range (WDR) cells according to responses evoked by graded cutaneous mechanical stimulation. An intradermal injection of capsaicin excited 4 of 7 HT cells and 10 of 12 WDR cells. The discharge rates of STT neurons correlated in time course with the magnitude estimates of pain in humans. The correlation was considerably better for WDR than for HT neurons, suggesting a predominant contribution of WDR neurons to the pain from capsaicin. 6. Capsaicin significantly increased the responses of HT neurons (9-fold) and the responses of WDR neurons (2-fold) to stroking the skin within the receptive field. Similar increases in responses to a standard punctate stimulus were observed at test sites, 1, 2, and 3 cm away from the injection site. After injection of vehicle, the responses to punctate stimulation increased by a mean of only 1.2- and 1.4-fold for HT and WDR neurons, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)