gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Parallelism in Constraint Satisfaction for Qualitative Simulation (2020)

Constraint satisfaction is very common in many artificial intelligence applications. This paper presents results from parallelizing constraint satisfaction in a special application --- the algorithm for qualitative simulation QSim [Kuipers 94]. A parallel-agent based strategy (PAB) is used to solve the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). Two essential steps of PAB are studied in more detail to achieve a good performance of the parallel algorithm. Partitioning heuristics to generate independent parts of the overall search space are investigated. Sequential CSP algorithms are compared in order to reveal the most efficient one for QSim. The evaluation of these heuristics and algorithms is based on runtime measurements using CSPs traced from QSim. These runtimes allow a best- and worst-case estimation of the expected speedup of the parallel algorithms. The comparison of sequential CSP algorithms leads to following strategy for solving partitioned problems. Less complex problems are solved with simple backtracking, and more complex models are solved with graph-directed backjumping (GBJ).
Flight Tests of a 3-D Perspective-View Glass-Cockpit Display for General Aviation Using GPS (1995)

A display that takes advantage of the threedimensional positioning data available from differential GPS has been flight tested on a general aviation aircraft. This glass-cockpit instrument provides a natural, &quot;out the window&quot; view of the world, making the horizon, runway, and desired flight path visible to the pilot in instrument flight conditions. The flight path is depicted as a series of symbols through which the pilot flies the airplane. Altitude, heading, and airspeed are presented along with lateral and vertical glidepath deviations. Particular Presented at ION GPS-95, Palm Springs, California, USA, September 12-15, 1995. attention was given to demonstrating a system satisfying the budget, power, and form-factor constraints of light aircraft. Simulator tests and flight trials on a Piper Dakota aircraft showed that the tunnel display allows the pilot to hand fly straight-in approaches with equivalent or better flight technical error than with a typical Instrument Landing System ...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Mutational Hotspot of<i>WT1</i>Predicts a Favorable Outcome in Patients With Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2009)

WT1 SNP rs16754 may be a novel independent favorable-risk marker in CN-AML patients that might improve risk and treatment stratification.
Design of a Potent Antibiotic Peptide Based on the Active Region of Human Defensin 5 (2015)

Human defensin 5 (HD5) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial peptide with a C-terminal active region. To promote the development of this peptide into an antibiotic, we initially substituted Glu21 with Arg because it is an electronegative residue located around the active region. Although detrimental to dimer formation, the E21R substitution markedly enhanced the antibacterial activity of HD5 and increased its ability to penetrate cell membranes, demonstrating that increasing the electropositive charge compensated for the effect of dimer disruption. Subsequently, a partial Arg scanning mutagenesis was performed, and Thr7 was selected for replacement with Arg to further strengthen the antibacterial activity. The newly designed peptide, T7E21R-HD5, exhibited potent antibacterial activity, even in saline and serum solutions. In contrast to monomeric E21R-HD5, T7E21R-HD5 assembled into an atypical dimer with parallel β strands, thus expanding the role of increasing electropositive charge in bactericidal activity and providing a useful guide for further defensin-derived antibiotic design.
Novel antibody derivatives for proteome and high-content analysis (2010)

The understanding of cellular processes and their pathophysiological alterations requires comprehensive data on the abundance, distribution, modification, and interaction of all cellular components. On the one hand, artificially introduced fluorescent fusion proteins provide information about their distribution and dynamics in living cells but not about endogenous factors. On the other hand, antibodies can detect endogenous proteins, posttranslational modifications, and other cellular components but mostly in fixed and permeabilized cells. Here we highlight a new technology based on the antigen-binding domain of heavy-chain antibodies (V(H)H) from Camelidae. These extremely stable V(H)H domains can be produced in bacteria, coupled to matrices, and used for affinity purification and proteome studies. Alternatively, these V(H)H domains can be fused with fluorescent proteins and expressed in living cells. These fluorescent antigen-binding proteins called "chromobodies" can be used to detect and trace proteins and other cellular components in vivo. Chromobodies can, in principle, detect any antigenic structure, including posttranslational modifications, and thereby dramatically expand the quality and quantity of information that can be gathered in high-content analysis. Depending on the epitope chosen, chromobodies can also be used to modulate protein function in living cells.
On-the-Fly Frequency-Domain Fluorescence Lifetime Detection in Capillary Electrophoresis (1996)

On-the-fly fluorescence lifetime detection in capillary electrophoresis (CE) is demonstrated. Virtually continuous detection is achieved by interfacing a commercial CE instrument with a commercial, multiharmonic Fourier transform lifetime fluorometer (MHF). The CE capillary cartridge was modified to allow the capillary to pass through a specially constructed capillary column mount capable of micropositioning in the MHF sample chamber. Optimization of the CE/MHF interface was achieved through the incorporation of a focusing lens, appropriate alignment of the laser beam on the capillary, and use of appropriate optical filters in the emission beam. Both fluorescence intensity and lifetime are recovered from the dynamic MHF data, which is analyzed using either conventional nonlinear least-squares or the maximum entropy method, which allows for lifetime recovery without a priori knowledge of the system. Continuous, on-the-fly fluorescence lifetime detection using the MHF technology adds the dimension of fluorescence lifetime without sacrificing the resolution and speed of CE. Its application to the CE separation of a mixture of the fluorescent dyes NBD-hexanoic acid and fluorescein is demonstrated.
Bioactive Depsides and Anthocyanins from Jaboticaba (<i>Myrciaria </i><i>c</i><i>auliflora</i>) (2006)

A new depside, jaboticabin (1), together with 17 known compounds were isolated from the fruit of jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora). The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. Known compounds were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with literature values or by comparison to authentic standards. Compound 1 and the related depside 2-O-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenylacetic acid (2) significantly inhibited chemokine interleukin (IL)-8 production before and after cigarette smoke treatment of cells. Compound 1 was cytotoxic in the HT29 colon cancer cell line (IC50 = 65 microM), and 2 was active against HCT116 colon cancer cells (IC50 = 30 microM). Compounds 1 and 2 also exhibited antiradical activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (IC50 = 51.4 and 61.8 microM, respectively). Two anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-glucoside (3) and delphinidin 3-glucoside (4), also showed good activity in these assays.
Collision avoidance among multiple mobile robots based on rules and communication (2002)

An autonomous and decentralized robot system, ACTRESS, is being developed as an intelligent robot system which is composed of multiple robotic agents. The basic concept and strategy for path planning in a dynamically changing environment with multiple autonomous mobile robots are introduced. Collision avoidance with dynamic path planning according to the complexity of the situations is also discussed. A method for collision avoidance based on rules and negotiation by communication is presented. Finally, this method is applied to a developed prototype system consisting of two mobile robots, and the result of experiments operating on real robots is given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of synthetic C-terminal fragments of hGH on glucose oxidation by isolated islets. (1979)

The effect of polypeptides containing the human growth hormone sequence 177--191 on the glucose metabolism of isolated islets of Langerhans has been investigated. It has been found that such peptides accelerate the incorporation of hydrogen at carbon atom 5 into water while accelerating the flux (1-14C oxidation) through the pentose phosphate shunt and inhibiting the oxidation of [6-14C]glucose. The latter inhibition was found not to be due to inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and it was further found that the previously demonstrated potentiation of glucose-induced insulin release by the peptides was independent of energy provision because none of the glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, or leucine could substitute for glucose. In view of the fact that the insulinogogue effect of this peptide is to potentiate the glucose stimulatory effect on islets, these phenomena may well be unrelated.
Mutational Alteration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vif Allows for Functional Interaction with Nonhuman Primate APOBEC3G (2006)

Human APOBEC3F (hA3F) and APOBEC3G (hA3G) are antiretroviral cytidine deaminases that can be encapsidated during virus assembly to catalyze C-->U deamination of the viral reverse transcripts in the next round of infection. Lentiviruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have evolved the accessory protein Vif to induce their degradation before packaging. HIV type 1 (HIV-1) Vif counteracts hA3G but not rhesus macaque APOBEC3G (rhA3G) or African green monkey (AGM) APOBEC3G (agmA3G) because of a failure to bind the nonhuman primate proteins. The species specificity of the interaction is controlled by amino acid 128, which is aspartate in hA3G and lysine in rhA3G. With the objective of overcoming this species restriction, mutations were introduced into HIV-1 Vif at amino acid positions that differed in charge between HIV-1 Vif and SIV Vif. The mutant proteins were tested for the ability to counteract hA3G, rhA3G, and agmA3G. Alteration of the conserved sequence at positions 14 to 17 from DRMR to SERQ, which is the sequence in AGM Vif, caused HIV-1 Vif to functionally interact with rhA3G and agmA3G. Mutation of three residues to the sequence SEMQ allowed interaction with rhA3G. SEMQ Vif also counteracted D128K mutant hA3G and wild-type hA3G. Introduction of the sequence into an infectious molecular HIV-1 clone allowed the virus to replicate productively in human cells that expressed rhA3G or hA3G. These findings provide insight into the interaction of Vif with A3G and are a step toward the development of a novel primate model for AIDS.
Solar surgery (2003)

Experimental results are presented to substantiate that highly concentrated sunlight can pragmatically produce the same extent, rate, and type of photothermal tissue damage ordinarily generated with laser fiber-optic surgery. Typically, it is intense flux, rather than coherence, that renders laser light unique in generating rapid, highly localized tissue coagulation and ablation. The spectral properties of both biological tissue and available optical fibers render visible and near-infrared lasers as best suited for penetrative (as opposed to superficial) surgery. Solar photons are also viable candidates for such radiative surgery, provided they can be concentrated to the flux levels of surgical lasers, coupled into an optical fiber, and efficiently delivered to a remote operating theater. The simplicity and potentially low cost of a solar surgery unit counterbalance its feasibility being restricted to mid-day hours in sunny regions. After a brief review of our solar fiber-optic concentrator, we report on the rates and dimensions of tissue death produced in fresh ex vivo chicken livers for a range of values of delivered power and exposure time. An approximate analytic model can account for some of the principal experimental findings. Our experimental results demonstrate that solar surgery can produce lesions up to several cm3 in volume, with a surgical efficacy as good as that of lasers for corresponding procedures.
Machine learning and unlearning to autonomously switch between the functions of a myoelectric arm (2016)

Powered prosthetic arms with numerous controllable degrees of freedom (DOFs) can be challenging to operate. A common control method for powered prosthetic arms, and other human-machine interfaces, involves switching through a static list of DOFs. However, switching between controllable functions often entails significant time and cognitive effort on the part of the user when performing tasks. One way to decrease the number of switching interactions required of a user is to shift greater autonomy to the prosthetic device, thereby sharing the burden of control between the human and the machine. Our previous work with adaptive switching showed that it is possible to reduce the number of user-initiated switches in a given task by continually optimizing and changing the order in which DOFs are presented to the user during switching. In this paper, we combine adaptive switching with a new machine learning control method, termed autonomous switching, to further decrease the number of manual switching interactions required of a user. Autonomous switching uses predictions, learned in real time through the use of general value functions, to switch automatically between DOFs for the user. We collected results from a subject performing a simple manipulation task with a myoelectric robot arm. As a first contribution of this paper, we describe our autonomous switching approach and demonstrate that it is able to both learn and subsequently unlearn to switch autonomously during ongoing use, a key requirement for maintaining human-centered shared control. As a second contribution, we show that autonomous switching decreases the time spent switching and number of user-initiated switches compared to conventional control. As a final contribution, we show that the addition of feedback to the user can significantly improve the performance of autonomous switching. This work promises to help improve other domains involving human-machine interaction - in particular, assistive or rehabilitative devices that require switching between different modes of operation such as exoskeletons and powered orthotics.
Brief communication Shift register modification for multipurpose use in combinational circuit testing (1989)

Abstract By modifying the shift registers of the commonly used built-in self-test (BIST) scheme, an effective multipurpose testing tool has been realized. The tool is capable of providing maximum enhancement in fault-cover, as well as significant improvement in error coverage.
Galvanic Corrosion Prevention of Steel-Aluminum Couples (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Efforts towards weight reduction are leading towards increasing use of aluminum components on automobiles. Although aluminum on its own has inherently superior corrosion resistance to steel, galvanic action between the aluminum and steel or galvanized parts can lead to severe corrosion. Straightforward and effective methods of preventing galvanic corrosion from the subject of this paper. Since many aluminum components are connected to steel structures by mechanical fasteners, protective coatings on fasteners were evaluated as well. Galvanic test couples were prepared in a manner simulating typical automotive assembly conditions while incorporating features which would lead to enhanced corrosion. A variety of chemical treatments and coatings on the fasteners as well as barriers between the dissimilar metals were evaluated for corrosion prevention between the aluminum and cold rolled or galvanized steel. Comparison between neutral salt spray and cyclic corrosion tests is provided. Results show that a combination of sacrificial coatings on fasteners and barriers between the dissimilar metals can effectively prevent galvanic corrosion. The effect of assembly geometry on results is also demonstrated.</div>
Supporting ubiquitous computing through directory enabled technologies (2001)

Drew has been providing computers to students since 1984. Many universities have ubiquitous computing programs where students receive a laptop computer as part of their educational package. These programs reduce the dependence on and management issues of traditional computer labs, and allow 24x7 computing access to every student at the University. Drew also provides Novell Directory Services (NDS) accounts to all of these students, and utilizes Novell ZENworks to customize software, personalize information, maintain machines, and reduce the number of visits to the help desk. This session will describe how we use the directory and other Novell software to provide a seamless computing experience for students, and how we achieve an easily maintainable, yet loosely managed environment. A combination of the retail ZENworks product and open source Web and LDAP tools enables us to leverage the ubiquitous computing environment and maximize economies of scale, permitting a far more in depth support program than would otherwise be possible in a student-supplied computing environment. There will be a discussion about leveraging a well-populated directory to provide personalization of the network experience for the end user as well. While the session will be most relevant to schools with ubiquitous computing programs, many of the concepts and ideas could be applied to a computing lab environment or to student-supplied computing models.Drew has been providing computers to students since 1984. Many universities have ubiquitous computing programs where students receive a laptop computer as part of their educational package. These programs reduce the dependence on and management issues of traditional computer labs, and allow 24x7 computing access to every student at the University. Drew also provides Novell Directory Services (NDS) accounts to all of these students, and utilizes Novell ZENworks to customize software, personalize information, maintain machines, and reduce the number of visits to the help desk. This session will describe how we use the directory and other Novell software to provide a seamless computing experience for students, and how we achieve an easily maintainable, yet loosely managed environment. A combination of the retail ZENworks product and open source Web and LDAP tools enables us to leverage the ubiquitous computing environment and maximize economies of scale, permitting a far more in depth support program than would otherwise be possible in a student-supplied computing environment. There will be a discussion about leveraging a well-populated directory to provide personalization of the network experience for the end user as well. While the session will be most relevant to schools with ubiquitous computing programs, many of the concepts and ideas could be applied to a computing lab environment or to student-supplied computing models.
Differentiation-dependent changes in the solubility of a 195-kD protein in human epidermal keratinocytes. (1986)

We have prepared a monoclonal antibody, AE11, that recognizes specifically a 195-kD protein (pI 5.4) of human keratinocytes. This antigen constitutes approximately 0.01-0.1% of total protein in keratinocytes of skin, esophagus, and cornea, and is readily detectable in these cells by immunofluorescent staining and immunoblotting. However, it is barely detectable in MCF mammary carcinoma cells and HeLa cells, and is undetectable in nonepithelial cell types. Results from serial extraction experiments have shown that this protein exists in two distinct pools: a Tris-soluble, and a Tris-insoluble but urea- or SDS-soluble one. The distribution of the 195-kD protein between these two pools appears to be differentiation-related, since relatively undifferentiated cells selected by a low-calcium medium contain primarily the soluble form, while highly differentiated cells contain mainly the insoluble form. Data from immunofluorescent staining and trypsin-sensitivity experiments suggest that the soluble form is cytoplasmic, whereas the insoluble form is submembranously located at the cell periphery of upper, differentiated cells. The insoluble, cell peripheral form of the 195-kD antigen increases progressively during epidermal differentiation; its insolubility appears to be related to the formation of disulfide-bond(s). These results indicate that the 195-kD protein, which has recently been suggested to be involved in cornified envelope formation (Simon, M., and H. Green, 1985, Cell, 36:827-834), undergoes significant changes in its solubility characteristics and intracellular location during keratinocyte maturation.
Molecular analysis of the gene encoding an antigenic polypeptide of<i>Trichinella spiralis</i>infective larvae (1990)

The gene encoding an antigenic polypeptide of Trichinella spiralis infective larvae was studied using recombinant DNA techniques. cDNA synthesized from poly(A)-rich mRNA from T. spiralis infective larvae was ligated into phage vector lambda gt11 DNA and packaged in vitro. The phages were propagated on Escherichia coli and a lambda gt11 expression library was constructed. A cDNA clone encoding a 46 kDa antigenic polypeptide was selected by immunoscreening of the library and identified by the epitope selection method. A clone containing nearly full-length cDNA for a 46 kDa protein was isolated. The gene encoding this 46 kDa antigenic polypeptide was characterized by DNA and RNA blot analysis using the cDNA as a probe. The gene was transcribed to mRNA with approximately 1400 nucleotides and translated to 46 kDa polypeptide. The antigenic polypeptide was excreted/secreted as a 46 kDa native antigen. The antigenic beta-galactosidase fusion protein synthesized by bacteria had no cross-reactivity with other parasite-infected sera.
Sealing Glass‐Ceramics with Near‐Linear Thermal Strain, Part <scp>II</scp> : Sequence of Crystallization and Phase Stability (2016)

The sequence of crystallization in a recrystallizable lithium silicate sealing glass‐ceramic Li 2 O–SiO 2 –Al 2 O 3 –K 2 O–B 2 O 3 –P 2 O 5 –ZnO was analyzed by in situ high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction ( HTXRD ). Glass‐ceramic specimens have been subjected to a two‐stage heat‐treatment schedule, including rapid cooling from sealing temperature to a first hold temperature 650°C, followed by heating to a second hold temperature of 810°C. Notable growth and saturation of Quartz was observed at 650°C (first hold). Cristobalite crystallized at the second hold temperature of 810°C, growing from the residual glass rather than converting from the Quartz. The coexistence of quartz and cristobalite resulted in a glass‐ceramic having a near‐linear thermal strain, as opposed to the highly nonlinear glass‐ceramic where the cristobalite is the dominant silica crystalline phase. HTXRD was also performed to analyze the inversion and phase stability of the two types of fully crystallized glass‐ceramics. While the inversion in cristobalite resembles the character of a first‐order displacive phase transformation, i.e., step changes in lattice parameters and thermal hysteresis in the transition temperature, the inversion in quartz appears more diffuse and occurs over a much broader temperature range. Localized tensile stresses on quartz and possible solid‐solution effects have been attributed to the transition behavior of quartz crystals embedded in the glass‐ceramics.