gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of technetium-99m-L,L-ECD for brain perfusion imaging, Part 1: Pharmacology of technetium-99m ECD in nonhuman primates. (1989)

Technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer ([99mTc]ECD) is a neutral, lipophilic complex which rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier. Brain retention and tissue metabolism of [99mTc]ECD is dependent upon the stereochemical configuration of the complex. While both L,L and D,D enantiomers are extracted by the brain, only the L,L but not the D,D form, is metabolized and retained in the monkey brain (4.7% injected dose initially, T 1/2 greater than 24 hr). Dynamic single photon emission computed tomography imaging studies in one monkey indicates 99mTc-L,L-ECD to be distributed in a pattern consistent with regional cerebral blood flow for up to 16 hr postinjection. Dual-labeled 99mTc-L,L-ECD and [14C]iodoantipyrine autoradiography studies performed 1 hr after administration show cortical gray to white matter ratios of both isotopes to be equivalent (approximately 4-5:1). These data suggest that 99mTc-L,L-ECD will be useful for the scintigraphic assessment of cerebral perfusion in humans.
Progressive Trends in Variation Form: Robert Schumann’s Piano Sonata in F Minor, Op. 14, Quasi Variazioni (2011)

Entitled Quasi Variazioni, the third movement of Schumann’s Piano Sonata in F Minor, op. 14 (1835–36), displays features that are not usually associated with variation form. In a typical eighteenth- and nineteenth-century variation set, the theme is usually a self-contained unit, whose form and voice leading are often preserved throughout the set. But in this Schumann movement, the theme presents an unusual, tripartite ABC form, its half-cadence ending evoking the tradition of continuous variation. Along with the theme’s peculiar formal plan, the variations also diverge markedly from the theme’s form and middleground structure. These differences are engendered by Schumann’s special handling of the theme. Instead of regarding the theme as an entity to be varied as a whole, Schumann treats its motivic, voice-leading, and harmonic elements as discrete components to be developed independently of one another. By reworking and combining these elements, Schumann progressively transforms the form and middleground of the theme. Significantly, these changes create motivic, harmonic, and voice-leading connections among the variations. These connections not only create a sense of development from one variation to another, but also articulate the large-scale organization of the entire set.
The production of acoustic impulses in air (1990)

An inverse filtering approach is used to calculate the drive waveforms required by various transducers to produce short-duration pressure pulses in air. A systematic comparison is made between 'wide range' and 'tweeter' loudspeakers, a piezoelectric device, and an electromagnetic earpiece. In addition, a 'step' method is described and used with the latter two transducers. This technique represents a simple means of producing a pressure pulse (theoretically) equal in duration to half the natural period of a resonant transducer.
Use of tumor exome analysis to reveal neo-antigen-specific T-cell reactivity in ipilimumab-responsive melanoma. (2013)

9085 Background: Evidence for T cell mediated regression of human cancer in particular melanoma following immunotherapy is strong. Anti-CTLA4 treatment has been approved for treatment of metastatic melanoma and blockade of PD-1 has shown encouraging results. However, it is unknown which T cell reactivities are involved in cancer regression. Reactivity against non-mutated tumor self-antigens has been analyzed in patients treated with Ipilimumab or with autologous TILs, but the size of these responses are modest. Therefore, T cell recognition of patient-specific mutant epitopes may be a potentially important component. Animal model data recently suggested that analysis of T cell reactivity against patient-specific neo-antigens may be feasible through exploitation of cancer genome data. However, human data have thus far been lacking. Methods: To address this we have used MHC class I peptide exchange technology allowing production of very large collections of pMHC complexes, together with a pMHC "combinatorial coding" strategy for parallel detection of dozens of different T cell populations within a single sample. Results: From a melanoma patient responding to ipilimumab treatment, we identified tumor specific mutations via exome sequencing of tumor material. The exome contained 1,075 non-synonymous mutations. Possible MHC epitopes covering these mutations were predicted based on; 1) predicted to bind the patient’s MHC; 2) predicted to be cleaved by the proteasome; 3) genes of which the mutated peptides arose had evidence of RNA expression. The analysis yielded 1,952 epitopes restricted to the HLA-A and HLA-B. To screen for T cell reactivity against these epitopes we used the pMHC combinatorial coding approach. We found T cell reactivity against 2 neo-antigens, including a dominant T cell response against a mutant epitope of the ATR gene product. Analysis of PBMC samples collected before and during Ipilimumab therapy showed that this particular response increased strongly after treatment from 0.06% to 0.28% of CD8 T cells after being stable in magnitude for 10 months. Conclusions: These data provide the first demonstration of cancer exome-guided analysis to dissect the effects of melanoma immunotherapy.
Predicting Surgical Risk: How Much Data is Enough? (2010)

As medicine becomes increasingly data driven, caregivers are required to collect and analyze an increasingly copious volume of patient data. Although methods for studying these data have recently evolved, the collection of clinically validated data remains cumbersome. We explored how to reduce the amount of data needed to risk stratify patients. We focused our investigation on patient data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) to study how the accuracy of predictive models may be affected by changing the number of variables, the categories of variables, and the times at which these variables were collected. By examining the implications of creating predictive models based on the entire variable set in NSQIP and smaller selected variable groups, our results show that using far fewer variables than traditionally done can lead to similar predictive accuracy.
A Bifunctional Dimethylsulfoxide Substitute Enhances the Aqueous Solubility of Small Organic Molecules (2011)

An oxetane-substituted sulfoxide has demonstrated potential as a dimethylsulfoxide substitute for enhancing the dissolution of organic compounds with poor aqueous solubilities. This sulfoxide may find utility in applications of library storage and biological assays. For the model compounds studied, significant solubility enhancements were observed using the sulfoxide as a cosolvent in aqueous media. Brine shrimp, breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and liver cell line (HepG2) toxicity data for the new additive are also presented, in addition to comparative IC(50) values for a series of PKD1 inhibitors.
La statistique lexicale (1969)

Muller Charles. La statistique lexicale. In: Langue française, n°2, 1969. Le lexique, sous la direction de Louis Guilbert. pp. 30-43.
Comparison of the Outcomes Between Open and Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (2007)

Minimally invasive techniques to resect the esophagus in patients with cancer were confirmed to be safe and comparable to an open approach with respect to postoperative recovery and cancer survival.
iMAGE cloud: medical image processing as a service for regional healthcare in a hybrid cloud environment (2016)

Implementation results indicate that the iMAGE cloud can provide convenient, efficient, compatible, and secure medical image processing services in regional healthcare networks. The iMAGE cloud has been proven to be valuable in applications in the regional healthcare system, and it could have a promising future in the healthcare system worldwide.
A Comparison of Botulinum Toxin A and Intralesional Steroids for the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis (2013)

Level I, therapeutic studies.
Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A meta-analysis. (1995)

Pancreatic cancer occurs with increased frequency among persons with long-standing diabetes.
API 17G Specification for Subsea Well Intervention Equipment (2014)

This paper overviews the proposed API 17G Specification, assisting the reader in navigating the lengthy document. The results of this paper for the reader will be a simplification of the proposed Specification and an understanding of the safety philosophy and strategy which is the core upon which system analysis, equipment design, equipment qualification and material/manufacturing specifications are based. The document stops short of addressing HPHT until the task group has time to review and incorporate API 17TR8. This proposed specification is intended to illustrate current technology and design practice along with structuring its format to accommodate future intervention technologies and hardware. It is also intended to provide the necessary safety review and campaign planning tools needed by of the offshore community for subsea well intervention and workovers, similar to those now being incorporated into offshore floating drilling practices.
Induction of phosphorylation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and enhancement of CD4 downregulation by phorbol myristate acetate (1997)

The nef gene of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) encodes a 27 to 34 kDa myristoylated protein that induces downregulation of CD4 from the cell surface and enhances virus infectivity. As shown by experiments on SIV-infected adult macaques, Nef is important in pathogenesis and disease progression. In vitro, protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylates Nef, but the role of phosphorylation in the function and expression of this protein has not yet been determined. Here we show that in HIV type 1-infected cells, phosphorylation of Nef increased 8- to 12-fold after treatment with phorbol myristate acetate and phytohemagglutinin (PMA/PHA). Basal and PMA/PHA-induced phosphorylation occurred on serine residues of Nef and was independent of other HIV proteins. The PMA/PHA-induced phosphorylation of Nef was inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I, a potent and specific inhibitor of PKC, but was unaffected by H89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A. In contrast, treatment with bisindolylmaleimide I did not affect the basal level of Nef phosphorylation, suggesting two different phosphorylation pathways. A PMA-insensitive CD4 mutant in which three serine residues in the cytoplasmic domain have been replaced by alanines was used to determine whether PMA-induced phosphorylation affects Nef-induced CD4 downregulation. In Nef-expressing cells, treatment with PMA enhanced downregulation of the CD4 serine triple mutant from the cell surface, suggesting that phosphorylation is important for Nef function.
Performance and Economic Enhancement of Cogeneration Gas Turbines Through Compressor Inlet Air Cooling (1994)

Gas turbine air cooling systems serve to raise performance to peak power levels during the hot months when high atmospheric temperatures cause reductions in net power output. This work describes the technical and economic advantages of providing a compressor inlet air cooling system to increase the gas turbine’s power rating and reduce its heat rate. The pros and cons of state-of-the-art cooling technologies, i.e., absorption and compression refrigeration, with and without thermal energy storage, were examined in order to select the most suitable cooling solution. Heavy-duty gas turbine cogeneration systems with and without absorption units were modeled, as well as various industrial sectors, i.e., paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, food processing, textiles, tanning, and building materials. The ambient temperature variations were modeled so the effects of climate could be accounted for in the simulation. The results validated the advantages of gas turbine cogeneration with absorption air cooling as compared to other systems without air cooling.
Viral Infections and the Blood Supply (1996)

Transfusions are an indispensable part of medical and surgical therapies. Packed red cells, platelets, and plasma infusions allow patients to be treated intensively for cancer, undergo transplantation, survive surgery despite extensive blood loss, and recover from life-threatening diseases such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Today, the serious risks from the blood components given to patients in transfusion are smaller than those from the underlying disease or the primary therapy.In this issue of the Journal, Schreiber et al.1 estimate the current risks of the major viral infections transmitted by transfusions from volunteers giving multiple donations (who provide over 80 percent of . . .
Naming a Trust as the Beneficiary of a Qualified Retirement Plan or IRA (2012)

In this column Wand explores the advantages and disadvantages of naming a trust as a retirement plan beneficiary. Reasons such as investment management, spendthrift concerns, and second marriages are discussed, as well as the possible loss of tax advantages that might occur. Particular strategies for overcoming obstacles and fulfilling a multitude of requirements are explored.
Renal effects of calcitonin and parathyroid extract in man (1971)

To clarify the controversial renal action of calcitonin (CT) and a possible interrelationship between CT and parathyroid hormone, eight patients with untreated surgical hypoparathyroidism were studied. Various calcitonins, i.e. extracted porcine, synthetic porcine, synthetic human, and synthetic salmon CT in doses of 150 Medical Research Council U or 1.5 mg were infused over a 3 hr period. Subsequently, six of the same subjects received 500 USP U parathyroid extract (PTE) (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.) in 3 hr and later a combination of CT and PTE. In addition, two patients were given an infusion of ammonium phosphate with the aim of producting a phosphaturia of comparable degree as seen after CT and PTE, thus differentiating hormonal from nonhormonal influences on cation excretion. A protocol of serial clearance (C) studies using the patients as their own controls was followed. Serum and urinary inorganic phosphate (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were determined and the clearance values calculated. All CT peptides caused a uniform, immediate and significant increase of C(P), C(Na), C(K), C(Ca), and C(Mg), PTE evoked a rise of C(P), C(Na), and C(K), but C(Ca) and C(Mg) were reduced, the Ca and Na figures being not statistically significant. The administration of both CT and PTE resulted in a summation of individual hormone effects on Ca and Mg excretion. Phosphate infusion on the other hand induced an isolated phosphaturia but no concomitant changes of the urinary cations.The hypoparathyroid data demonstrate that calcitonin enhances urinary elimination of P, Na, K, Ca, and Mg independently of parathyroid action, CT and PTE act qualitatively similarly on P, Na, and K excretion, while an antagonism seems to exist for the renal handling of Ca and Mg.
Synaptotagmin IX Regulates Ca2+-dependent Secretion in PC12 Cells (2002)

Synaptotagmin (Syt) I-deficient phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines show normal Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent norepinephrine (NE) release (Shoji-Kasai, Y., Yoshida, A., Sato, K., Hoshino, T., Ogura, A., Kondo, S., Fujimoto, Y., Kuwahara, R., Kato, R., and Takahashi, M. (1992) <i>Science</i> 256, 1821–1823). To identify an alternative Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensor, we searched for other Syt isoforms in Syt I-deficient PC12 cells and identified Syt IX, an isoform closely related to Syt I, as an abundantly expressed dense-core vesicle protein. Here we show that Syt IX is required for the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent release of NE from PC12 cells. Antibodies directed against the C2A domain of either Syt IX or Syt I inhibited Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent NE release in permeable PC12 cells indicating that both Syt proteins function in dense-core vesicle exocytosis. Our results support the idea that Syt family proteins that co-reside on secretory vesicles may function cooperatively and redundantly as potential Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensors for exocytosis.
Time Delay Neural Network with Fourier transform for multiple channel detection of Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials for Brain-Computer Interfaces (2008)

In BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) systems, brain signals must be processed to identify distinct activities that convey different mental states. For example, in BCIs that rely on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP) recognize EEG activity that reflects attention to a particular stimulus. In this paper, we propose a new technique for the classification of SSVEP-activity for non-invasive BCI. The proposed method is based on a Time Delay Neural Network that includes a Fourier transform in order to switch between the analysis of layers in the time domain to layers in the frequency domain. The first step allows the creation of different channels. The second step is dedicated to signal processing of these channels in the frequency domain. The last step is the classification. The presented results on offline processing correspond for electroencephalographic (EEG) signals obtained with 6 electrodes on 3 subjects. We compare our method on two time segments with the average combination method. These results outperform the average combination method and are promising for online processing.
Comparative Analysis of Nearly Full-Length Hepatitis C Virus Quasispecies from Patients Experiencing Viral Breakthrough during Antiviral Therapy: Clustered Mutations in Three Functional Genes, E2, NS2, and NS5a (2008)

Viral breakthrough is a recognized response pattern to interferon-based antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The emergence of drug-resistant HCV quasispecies variants is assumed to be a major mechanism responsible for viral breakthrough. By using a long reverse transcription-PCR protocol recently developed in our lab, multiple nearly full-length HCV quasispecies variants were generated from 9.1-kb amplicons at both the baseline and breakthrough points in two patients experiencing viral breakthrough. Comparative analyses of consensus dominant quasispecies variants revealed that most mutations, occurring at the time of breakthrough, involved three functional viral genes, E2, NS2, and NS5a. Interestingly, similar mutation patterns were also observed in minor quasispecies variants at baseline. These three genes had the highest values of average amino acid complexity at the HCV 1a population level. No single amino acids were identified to be associated with viral breakthrough. Taken together, at the near-full-length HCV genome level, our data suggested that viral breakthrough might be attributed to the selection of minor quasispecies variants at the baseline with or without additional mutations during antiviral therapy. Furthermore, the pattern for mutation clustering indicated potential mutation linkage among E2, NS2, and NS5a due to structural or functional relatedness in HCV replication.
ELECTRO-KINETIC FLOW BARRIERS IN COMPACTED CLAY (1990)

Double liner systems are now required for new hazardous waste landfills and impoundments to prevent groundwater contamination caused by leachate. However, uncertainty always exists about the longevity of the synthetic flexible membrane liner, and the compacted clay components of the liner system may release some seepage in time under a sustained hydraulic head. The mechanisms of contaminant retention by clay minerals are not fully understood, and the attenuation capacity of any containment system is finite. In addition, diffusion through the clay liner under a concentration gradient may increase the rate of contaminant migration into the environment above that owing to advection alone. Electro-kinetic counterflow may be an effective measure to stop the migration of contaminants under a hydraulc gradient. An electro-kinetic fluid flow barrier can be created by the continuous or periodic application of an electrical gradient across a compacted clay liner. A coupled flow theory to describe the simultaneous flows of water, electricity, and contaminant ions under the influences of hydraulic, electrical, and chemical gradients has been developed by using the formalism of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. An experimental testing program demonstrated the existence of electro-osmotic flow in partly saturated compacted clay and provided a basis to evaluate the validity of the theoretical predictions. An electrical gradient may move some inorganic species in soils much more effectively than hydraulic gradient. An electro-kinetic flow barrier halted the migration of the cation but accelerated that of the anion under laboratory testing conditions.
Playing with Senses in VR: Alternate Perceptions Combining Vision and Touch (2017)

Virtual reality is an immersive experience based on computer-generated stimulations perceived with multiple sensory channels. It is possible to manipulate these sensory stimulations independently and create conflicting situations in which, for instance, vision and touch are spatially and/or temporally inconsistent. This article discusses how to exploit these ambiguous sensorial situations to generate new kinds of percept using three types of examples: pseudo-haptic effects, self-motion sensations, and body-ownership illusions.
SiCN alloys deposited by electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition (1996)

Silicon–carbon–nitrogen alloys have been deposited by electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition. Nitrogen, methane, and argon diluted silane have been used as precursor gases. The properties of the deposited films were studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The structure and bond formation in the SiCN films is discussed in terms of the present results.
Development of novel PRODAN-labeled nucleosides as base-discriminating fluorescent probes (2006)

We have developed a PRODAN-labeled uridine ((PDN)U), which contains a polarity-sensitive chromophore at the C-5 position of uracil. This paper describes the synthesis and fluorescent properties of oligodeoxy-nucleotides (ODNs) containing PRODAN-labeled nucleosides ((PDN)C, (PDN)A, and (PDN)G). PRODAN chromophore was attached to cytosine at the C-5 position and to purine bases at the C-8 position to extend into the major groove. When BDF probes containing a PRODAN-labeled nucleoside hybridize with a "full-matched" ODN, the fluorescence spectrum showed a strong emission around 520 nm on 450 nm excitation. In contrast, when PRODAN-labeled nucleoside analogs form a "mismatched" base pair, the fluorescence was weaker.