gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiation resistant MOS devices (1968)

A detailed study indicates that the radiation resistance of MOS transistors is controlled by the details of technology. It has been found that an MOS structure can be created that remains operational for gamma doses above 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> rad. It will be shown how the radiation resistance varies with gate oxidation and the metals employed. Two metals were used in the experiments: aluminum and chromium. The interrelationship between radiation and thermal stability will also be discussed. It will be shown that there is some connection between the two as long as the same basic technology is used. It is possible however, that combinations that result in thermal stability can still show a low radiation resistance. The radiation generates positive-charge centers in the oxide and these centers are related to "minor" bonds in the oxide. In this respect, the oxide-metal interactions have been considered. It follows from our studies that the greatest radiation resistance will be found for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</tex> -enhancement devices and for certain <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -depletion structures. The measurements will show results for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</tex> -enhancement units with radiation resistance one-hundred times greater than previously reported figures, both for MOS and bipolar transistros.
Syntheses and Characterization of Hydrotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate Dihydrogen Complexes of Ruthenium and Their Roles in Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions (1997)

A series of new hydrotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate complexes of ruthenium were synthesized. Reaction of RuCl(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> with NaBH<sub>4</sub> in ethanol produced the yellow monohydride complex RuH(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. Protonation of the monohydride complex RuH(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)-(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> with HBF<sub>4</sub>·Et<sub>2</sub>O in dichloromethane gave the molecular dihydrogen complex [Ru-(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>)]BF <sub>4</sub>. Reactions of the dihydrogen complex [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>)]BF <sub>4</sub> with L (L = CH<sub>3</sub>CN, H<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub>) produced the adducts [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(L)]BF<sub>4</sub>. The dihydrogen complex [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>)]BF <sub>4</sub> could be regenerated by reactions of [Ru-(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(L)]BF<sub>4</sub> (L = CH<sub>3</sub>CN, H<sub>2</sub>O) with pressurized H<sub>2</sub>. Deprotonation of the molecular dihydrogen complex [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>)]BF <sub>4</sub> occurred with NEt<sub>3</sub> or H<sub>2</sub>O under hydrogen pressure. Treatment of RuCl(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> with LiBF<sub>4</sub> in acetonitrile produced the bis-solvento complex [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub>]BF <sub>4</sub>. Heating a THF/CH<sub>3</sub>CN (9/1) solution of RuCl(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> at 60 °C led to the formation of RuCl(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>-CN). Reaction of RuCl(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>CN) with NaBH<sub>4</sub> in THF produced the yellow monohydride complex RuH(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>CN). Acidification of the monohydride with HBF<sub>4</sub>·Et<sub>2</sub>O yielded [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)(H <sub>2</sub>)]BF<sub>4</sub>. Both complexes [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)-(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)]BF <sub>4</sub> and [Ru(HB(pz)<sub>3</sub>)(PPh<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub>]BF <sub>4</sub> were found to be active catalysts for the hydrogenation of olefins in either anhydrous or hydrous THF. Enhanced catalytic activities were observed in the presence of water or NEt<sub>3</sub>. In addition, deuterium was incorporated into the catalytic hydrogenation products when D<sub>2</sub>O was present in the reaction mixture. The enhanced catalytic activity in the presence of water, and incorporation of deuterium in the hydrogenation products, could be best explained with mechanisms which involve dihydrogen complexes.
Configuration Description, Deployment, and Lifecycle Management (CDDLM) Foundation Document (2005)

Successful realization of the Grid vision of a broadly applicable and adopted framework for distributed system integration, virtualization, and management requires the support for configuring Web services, their deployment, and maintaining their lifecycle management. This document, produced by the CDDLM working group within the Global Grid Forum (GGF), provides a high level overview of the CDDLM space by describing requirements, analyzing use cases, and by providing an overview of the related work within GGF, other standard bodies, as well as in industry and academia in general. The document sets the stage for the follow-up documents that will present in more detail the language, component model, and basic CDDLM services.
The NAD(P)H-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase activities of Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4 can be attributed to one enzyme (GdhA), and gdhA expression is regulated in response to the nitrogen source available for growth (1996)

Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4 possesses both NADPH- and NADH-linked glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities, with the greatest specific activity being measured from ammonia-limited cultures. Relative to cells grown in the presence of 1 mM ammonium chloride, the NADPH-dependent activity was decreased approximately 10-fold when peptides were provided as a nitrogen source. Nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to visualize the GDH protein(s) in cell extracts of P. ruminicola. For all growth conditions tested, only one GDH protein was detectable, and its relative abundance, as well as its reactivity with either NAD(P)+ or NAD(P)H, correlated well with the specific activities measured from whole-cell assays. Consistent with the findings from enzyme assays and PAGE activity gels, Northern (RNA) blot analysis revealed that expression of a gene encoding NAD(P)H-GDH activity was greatest in ammonia-grown cultures and that GDH activity is regulated in response to nitrogen source (ammonia versus peptides), probably at the level of transcription. A gene encoding the NAD(P)H-utilizing GDH activity (gdhA) was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined and shown to contain an open reading frame of 1,332 bp which would encode a polypeptide of 48.8 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence possesses three highly conserved motifs typical of family I GDHs, but several unique amino acid substitutions within these motifs were evident. These results are discussed within the context of ruminal nitrogen metabolism and the growth efficiency of succinate- and propionate-producing anaerobic bacteria.
Rhenium(V)-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-α-glycosides (2004)

A mild method for the synthesis of 2-deoxysugars from the coupling of glycals with a range of nucleophiles is described. The method employs 1 mol % of an air- and moisture-tolerant rhenium-oxo complex [ReOCl3(SMe2)(Ph3PO)] as a catalyst for the formation of O-, N-, and S-alpha-glycosides. The catalytic system tolerates a number of commonly employed protecting groups, including isopropylidene acetals, alkyl and silyl ethers, acetates, and benzoates. Furthermore, the high-oxidation-state complex selectively catalyzes the coupling with the glycal acceptor in preference to oxidation of the glycals, alcohols, and even thiols.
ATTRACTOR MODELING AND EMPIRICAL NONLINEAR MODEL REDUCTION OF DISSIPATIVE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS (2007)

In a broad sense, model reduction means producing a low-dimensional dynamical system that replicates either approximately, or more strictly, exactly and topologically, the output of a dynamical system. Model reduction has an important role in the study of dynamical systems and also with engineering problems. In many cases, there exists a good low-dimensional model for even very high-dimensional systems, even infinite dimensional systems in the case of a PDE with a low-dimensional attractor. The theory of global attractors approaches these issues analytically, and focuses on finding (depending on the question at hand), a slow-manifold, inertial manifold, or center manifold, on which a restricted dynamical system represents the interesting behavior of the dynamical system; the main issue depends on defining a stable invariant manifold in which the dynamical system is invariant. These approaches are analytical in nature, however, and are therefore not always appropriate for dynamical systems known only empirically through a dataset. Empirically, the collection of tools available are much more restricted, and are essentially linear in nature. Usually variants of Galerkin's method, project the dynamical system onto a function linear subspace spanned by modes of some chosen spanning set. Even the popular Karhunen–Loeve decomposition, or POD, method is exactly such a method. As such, it is forced to either make severe errors in the case that the invariant space is intrinsically a highly nonlinear manifold, or bypass low-dimensionality by retaining many modes in order to capture the manifold. In this work, we present a method of modeling a low-dimensional nonlinear manifold known only through the dataset. The manifold is modeled as a discrete graph structure. Intrinsic manifold coordinates will be found specifically through the ISOMAP algorithm recently developed in the Machine Learning community originally for purposes of image recognition.
Does the floorplan of a chip affect its yield? (2002)

The floorplan of a VLSI chip and its projected yield are usually considered to be completely unrelated issues. This commonly used assumption does not necessarily hold for several recently designed VLSI chips that incorporate some defect tolerance. The purpose of this work is to investigate the relationship between floorplanning and yield for this type of chip.
Integrin targeted oncolytic adenoviruses Ad5‐D24‐RGD and Ad5‐RGD‐D24‐GMCSF for treatment of patients with advanced chemotherapy refractory solid tumors (2011)

The safety of oncolytic viruses for treatment of cancer has been shown in clinical trials while antitumor efficacy has often remained modest. As expression of the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor may be variable in advanced tumors, we developed Ad5-D24-RGD, a p16/Rb pathway selective oncolytic adenovirus featuring RGD-4C modification of the fiber. This allows viral entry through alpha-v-beta integrins frequently highly expressed in advanced tumors. Advanced tumors are often immunosuppressive which results in lack of tumor eradication despite abnormal epitopes being present. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) is a potent activator of immune system with established antitumor properties. To stimulate antitumor immunity and break tumor associated immunotolerance, we constructed Ad5-RGD-D24-GMCSF, featuring GMCSF controlled by the adenoviral E3 promoter. Preliminary safety of Ad5-D24-RGD and Ad5-RGD-D24-GMCSF for treatment of human cancer was established. Treatments with Ad5-D24-RGD (N = 9) and Ad5-RGD-D24-GMCSF (N = 7) were well tolerated. Typical side effects were grade 1-2 fatigue, fever and injection site pain. 77% (10/13) of evaluable patients showed virus in circulation for at least 2 weeks. In 3 out of 6 evaluable patients, disease previously progressing stabilized after a single treatment with Ad5-RGD-D24-GMCSF. In addition, 2/3 patients had stabilization or reduction in tumor marker levels. All patients treated with Ad5-D24-RGD showed disease progression in radiological analysis, although 3/6 had temporary reduction or stabilization of marker levels. Induction of tumor and adenovirus specific immunity was demonstrated with ELISPOT in Ad5-RGD-D24-GMCSF treated patients. RGD modified oncolytic adenoviruses with or without GMCSF seem safe for further clinical development.
Discovery and Execution Techniques of Semantic Web Services for Dynamic Web Services Composition (2005)

최근에 동적으로, 즉 요구가 있는 즉시 서비스들을 조합하는 동적 웹 서비스 조합은 가장 큰 관심사 중 하나이다. 지금까지 동적 웹 서비스조합에 관한 많은 연구들이 수행되어졌는데 주로 사람이 개입된 반자동 대화식 조합 기법들이 제안되었다. 또한 이들 연구에서 탐색 알고리즘 및 워크플로우 설계 기법들이 부분적으로는 기술되어 있으나. 웹 서비스 조합 자동화를 위한 전반적인 워크플로우 처리과정을 기술한 연구는 아직 없다. 본 논문은 웹 서비스 조합 자동화 기법에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 주된 아이디어는 시멘틱 웹을 실현하기 위한 웹 온톨로지와 비즈니스분야에서 성공적으로 활용되고 있는 워크플로우 기법들을 적용하여 웹 서비스 조합 자동화 시스템을 구현하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 웹 서비스발견을 위해 매칭 알고리즘이 제안되고, 웹 서비스들 간 상호연결을 지원하기 위해 매칭 알고리즘에 온톨로지 개념이 적용된다. 그리고 웹 서비스 조합 자동화를 지원하기 위한 워크플로우 실행계획이 기술된다. 마지막으로 실 데이터 실험을 통해 제안 시스템의 우수성을 보인다. Recently, one of the most challenging problems is to compose web services dynamically, that is, on demand. A number of researchers have been considerably interested in the dynamic web services composition. However, while most of them focused on the semi-automatic web services composition with a human controller, very little attention was devoted to the full automation of this process. This paper primarily focuses on the automatic web services composition techniques. The main idea is to implement an automatic web services composition system using web ontologies to realize the semantic web and workflow technologies to play a major role in E-businesses. In this paper, we propose a matching algorithm for web service discovery and present an approach based on the use of ontologies to facilitate the interoperability of web services. Finally, we describe a workflow execution plan to support the automatic web services composition, and an experimental study that shows the high performance of our system.
<title>Development of fiber optic gyroscope with environmental ruggedness</title> (1992)

The present investigation of FOG behavior under vibration conditions gives attention to effective techniques for vibration-compensation. The FOGs tested are noted to yield an intermediate level of performance, of the order of 3 deg/hr at 1-sigma, under commonly encountered vibration conditions and over the temperature range associated with aerospace applications. These FOGs have been deemed adequate for use in the triaxial inertial devices of the guidance and control system aboard the TR-1 rocket.
The reconstruction of a three-dimensional structure from projections and its application to electron microscopy (1970)

Abstract A transmission electron micrograph is essentially a projection of the specimen in the direction of view. In order to reconstruct a three-dimensional image of the specimen, it is necessary to be able to combine data from a number of different views. A formal solution of this problem is given in terms of Fourier transforms. Its realization requires data reduction and interpolation. The final solution is given by a least squares approach, which also indicates how many views must be included to give a valid reconstruction of a given particle to a given degree of resolu­tion. Interpolation procedures of varying power are given, to be employed according to the economy with which the available data must be used. An alternative procedure is described for direct reconstruction without the use of Fourier transforms, but it is shown to be in general less practicable than the Fourier approach.
A New FDTD Formulation for Wave Propagation in Biological Media With Cole–Cole Model (2006)

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used to simulate the electromagnetic wave propagation in biological tissues. The Cole-Cole model is a formulation which can describe many types of biological tissues accurately over a very wide frequency band. However, the implementation of the Cole-Cole model using the FDTD method is difficult because of the fractional order differentiators in the model. In this letter, a new FDTD formulation is presented for the modeling of electromagnetic wave propagation in dispersive biological tissues with the Cole-Cole model. The Z-transform is used to represent the frequency dependent dielectric properties. The fractional order differentiators in the Cole-Cole model is approximated by a polynomial. The coefficients of the polynomial are found using a least-squares fitting method
Efficient electromechanical network model for wireless acoustic-electric feed-throughs (2005)

There are numerous engineering design problems where the use of wires to transfer power and communicate data thru the walls of a structure is prohibitive or significantly difficult that it may require a complex design. Such systems may be concerned with the leakage of chemicals or gasses, loss of pressure or vacuum, as well as difficulties in providing adequate thermal or electrical insulation. Moreover, feeding wires thru a wall of a structure reduces the strength of the structure and makes the structure susceptibility to cracking due to fatigue that can result from cyclic loading. Two areas have already been identified to require a wireless alternative capability and they include (a) the container of the Mars Sample Return Mission will need the use of wireless sensors to sense pressure leak and to avoid potential contamination; and (b) the Navy is seeking the capability to communicate with the crew or the instrumentation inside marine structures without the use of wires that will weaken the structure. The idea of using elastic or acoustic waves to transfer power was suggested recently by Y. Hu, et al.1. However, the disclosed model was developed directly from the wave equation and the linear equations of piezoelectricity. This model restricted by an inability to incorporate head and tail mass and account for loss in all the mechanisms. In addition there is no mechanism for connecting the model to actual power processing circuitry (diode bridge, capacitors, rectifiers etc.). An alternative approach which is to be presented is a network equivalent circuit that can easily be modified to account for additional acoustic elements and connected directly to other networks or circuits. All the possible loss mechanisms of the disclosed solution can be accounted for and introduced into the model. The circuit model allows for both power and data transmission in the forward and reverse directions through acoustic signals at the harmonic and higher order resonances. This system allows or the avoidance of cabling or wiring. The technology is applicable to the transfer of power for actuation, sensing and other tasks inside sealed containers and vacuum/pressure vessels.
Hankel Matrix Nuclear Norm Regularized Tensor Completion for $N$-dimensional Exponential Signals (2017)

Signals are generally modeled as a superposition of exponential functions in spectroscopy of chemistry, biology, and medical imaging. For fast data acquisition or other inevitable reasons, however, only a small amount of samples may be acquired, and thus, how to recover the full signal becomes an active research topic, but existing approaches cannot efficiently recover <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> -dimensional exponential signals with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N\geq 3$</tex-math></inline-formula> . In this paper, we study the problem of recovering <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> -dimensional (particularly <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N\geq 3$</tex-math></inline-formula> ) exponential signals from partial observations, and formulate this problem as a low-rank tensor completion problem with exponential factor vectors. The full signal is reconstructed by simultaneously exploiting the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC tensor structure and the exponential structure of the associated factor vectors. The latter is promoted by minimizing an objective function involving the nuclear norm of Hankel matrices. Experimental results on simulated and real magnetic resonance spectroscopy data show that the proposed approach can successfully recover full signals from very limited samples and is robust to the estimated tensor rank.
Spin–Orbit Torque Switching in a Nearly Compensated Heusler Ferrimagnet (2018)

Ferrimagnetic materials combine the advantages of the low magnetic moment of an antiferromagnet and the ease of realizing magnetic reading of a ferromagnet. Recently, it was demonstrated that compensated ferrimagnetic half metals can be realized in Heusler alloys, where high spin polarization, zero magnetic moment, and low magnetic damping can be achieved at the same time. In this work, by studying the spin-orbit torque induced switching in the Heusler alloy Mn<sub>2</sub> Ru<sub>1-</sub> <sub>x</sub> Ga, it is found that efficient current-induced magnetic switching can be realized in a nearly compensated sample with strong perpendicular anisotropy and large film thickness. This work demonstrates the possibility of employing compensated Heusler alloys for fast, energy-efficient spintronic devices.
A 60 GHz UWB impulse radio transmitter with integrated antenna in CMOS65nm SOI technology (2011)

This work describes an UWB impulse transmitter with integrated antenna in the 60 GHz band implemented in CMOS65nm SOI technology. The transmitter aims low-power short-range high data-rate communication systems for fast-downloading applications. It consists of an oscillator that is switched on-and-off by the digital data to be transmitted and a medium power amplifier. The transmitter is fabricated on two chips: one for direct on-chip measurements and another one implementing an integrated antenna. The transmitter measurements are performed on-chip and in free space in both continuous wave and impulse operating modes. The circuit achieves an equivalent isotropic radiated power of 2 dBm at 56 GHz and a maximum measured data rate of 2.222 Gbit/sec. The overall power consumption is 28 mW under 1.2 V voltage supply.
Prevalence and Trends in Alcohol Dependence and Alcohol Use Disorders in Japanese Adults; Results from Periodical Nationwide Surveys (2016)

The survey observed many hidden alcoholic patients, and showed the possibility that the healthcare facilities and health screening became the place of screening and intervention for alcohol dependence.
An introduction to reversible circuit design (2011)

After decades of continuous improvements and shrinking feature sizes, the development of conventional computing technologies faces enormous challenges. In particular, power dissipation in today's computer chips becomes crucial. Reversible computation is a promising alternative to these technologies, where power dissipation can be reduced or even eliminated. Furthermore, reversible logic builds the basis for quantum computation - a completely new way of processing which enables to solve certain problems exponentially faster compared to conventional methods. However, the design of reversible and quantum circuits is significantly different. Thus, new methods e.g. for synthesis, optimization, or verification are needed. This paper provides a brief introduction into reversible circuits and their respective design methods that have been proposed within the last years.