gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Searching for factors influencing technological asset value (2007)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: firstly, to identify the factors that are capable of influencing the value of a technological asset that is exchanged in the context of a business transaction and, secondly, to identify the direction of the relationship between each factor and the technological asset value. Design/methodology/approach First of all, an in‐depth analysis of the available literature about the assessment of technological asset value was conducted. Then a panel study was organised, involving several intellectual property managers and consultants and senior practitioners working in the field of IP assessment. Finally, an illustrative case study was conducted. Findings The paper proposes a framework that encompasses the following classes of factors: asset related; firm related; context related; risk related; and transaction related. It is shown that these factors are capable of influencing the value of a technological asset that is exchanged in the context of a business transaction and the direction of their impact is indicated. Practical implications The paper is believed to be a useful instrument capable of supporting managers and appraisers who, in the context of a specific business transaction involving the exchange of a technological asset between the counterparts, are called to assess its value. Originality/value The value of a technological asset is typically estimated through monetary techniques (cost, income and market methods) that often turn out to be disappointing in practice. This is mainly due to their quantitative nature, that impedes them to appropriately take into account qualitative variables capable of affecting the value of the asset. This paper is the first attempt, to the best knowledge of the authors, that draws together these variables in a comprehensive form and suggests the direction of their impact on the asset value.
Novel high-gain hybrid current-driven DC-DC converter topology (2018)

A novel high gain current-driven DC-DC converter topology is proposed in this paper. This circuit is aimed for applications which require wide input and output voltage ranges, such as PV micro-inverters, electric vehicle battery chargers etc. As compared to the resonant converters, the size of inductor can be reduced by an order of magnitude and resonant capacitors eliminated, by the use of current-driven topology. These advantages result in increased power density and higher power conversion efficiency of the converter. A major limitation of the current-driven topology is that it can provide a maximum gain of just over unity. Further, this value of maximum gain also depends on the parasitic capacitances of the converter components. These issues make the converter operation more susceptible to component parasitics (such as the transformer inter-turn capacitance), resulting in degraded converter performance. The high-gain current-driven topology, presented in this paper overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional current-driven converter topology, by the introduction of a parallel capacitor at the high voltage side of the transformer winding. Introduction of parallel capacitor provides a two-fold advantage to the conventional current-driven topology. First it makes the effect of parasitic capacitor small so that the control system is not much sensitive to it, and it provides a high gain due to pre-charging of the network inductances at the beginning of each switching cycle. Simulation and experimental results validate the viability of proposed converter topology for applications requiring wide range of input and output voltages.
Prandial glucose regulation and cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetes (1999)

Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. In recent years, prospective studies have indicated that, in addition to conventional risk factors, glycaemic control of diabetes predicts cardiovascular disease in both middle-aged and elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes. However, there are no consistent data from different studies to indicate that postprandial glucose is a better predictor for cardiovascular risk than fasting glucose level. Although no clinical trials are available to show that improving glycaemic control prevents cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, recent studies imply that hyperglycaemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes should be treated more intensively than recommended by current guidelines
Anti‐proliferative and Pro‐apoptotic Properties of 3‐Bromoacetoxy Calcidiol in High‐risk Neuroblastoma (2007)

The cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of 3-Bromoacetoxy Calcidiol (B3CD), a derivative of vitamin D3 precursor calcidiol, on human neuroblastoma (NB) cells were examined. NB, predominantly a tumor of early childhood, is the most common extracranial solid tumor. Despite aggressive treatments, survival for advanced stages remains low and novel treatment strategies are needed. B3CD-induced apoptosis in various neuroblastic cells via caspases-3 and -9 activation. B3CD upregulated mitochondrial pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, caused cytochrome c release, downregulated N-Myc expression and activated pro-survival marker Akt. Accordingly, B3CD treatment dose dependently reduced the viability of NB cells with IC50 values between 1 and 3 microm. The cytotoxicity of B3CD was significantly higher than for the calcemic parent-compound vitamin D3 (IC50 between 10 and 30 microm). Further studies revealed that B3CD treatment inhibits the proliferation of NB cells at low concentrations (IC50 between 30 and 100 nm). Cell cycle analysis showed a dramatic increase in the apoptotic sub-diploidal population along with a cell cycle block. In summary, the present study shows that B3CD is toxic to NB cells via suppression of cell proliferation and cell viability by caspase activation and regulation of survival signals. These results suggest that B3CD could be developed as a treatment for NB.
Theology (1948)

Theology Get access Church, Law and Society. By GUSTAF AULÉN. New York: Scribner's, 1948. xvi + 114 pages. $2.00. GEORGE W. DAVIS GEORGE W. DAVIS Crozer Theological Seminary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume XVI, Issue 4, October 1948, Pages 230–231, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/XVI.4.230 Published: 01 October 1948
Rapid, colorimetric test for the determination of hippurate hydrolysis by group B Streptococcus (1976)

A colorimetric test for the determination of hippurate hydrolysis was developed. Brain heart infusion broth made with 1% sodium hippurate served as the test medium. Hydrolysis was determined by the addition of two chemical developers, M (rhodamine B) and A (uranium acetate). A dark pink color indicated hydrolysis; no color change indicated no hydrolysis. The method was efficacious in either rapid or overnight incubation. One hundred twenty-five strains of group B, 44 strains of group A, 15 strains of group C, and 10 strains of group G Streptococcus were tested. By using the Lancefield method as the standard, there was 100% agreement with both the colorimetric and ferric chloride tests for hippurate hydrolysis, and 96% agreement with the CAMP test.
Zwitterionic phosphorylcholine as a better ligand for stabilizing large biocompatible gold nanoparticles (2008)

Zwitterionic phosphorylcholine showed better stabilization than oligo(ethylene glycol) in protecting big gold nanoparticles.
Alpha- and beta-xylosides alter glycolipid synthesis in human melanoma and Chinese hamster ovary cells. (1993)

beta-D-Xylosides are often used to competitively inhibit proteoglycan synthesis by serving as primers for free glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain assembly. Quite unexpectedly, we found that when human melanoma cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells are labeled with [3H] galactose in the presence of 4-methyl umbelliferyl beta-D-xyloside (Xyl beta 4MU), a large portion of the labeled acceptor does not consist of the expected GAG chains, but of the novel GM3 ganglioside-like structure: Sia-alpha 2,3-[3H]Gal beta 1, 4Xyl beta 4MU. Moreover, formation of this derivative is associated with an inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis by up to 78% without affecting synthesis of other [3H]Gal-labeled glycoconjugates. Inhibition occurs rapidly and equally for all glycolipid species and is partially abrogated by brefeldin A. Inhibition requires the addition of a single galactose residue to the xyloside within the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. This addition appears to be carried out by galactosyl transferase I that normally synthesizes the core region of GAG chains. Although alpha-xyloside does not inhibit proteoglycan synthesis, it is galactosylated, but not sialylated, and is nearly as effective as a beta-xyloside at inhibiting glycolipid biosynthesis. Similar results were obtained for human macrophage U937, and differentiated or undifferentiated PC12 cells. However, in neuroblastoma cell line MR23, no low molecular weight xyloside products were made and glycolipid synthesis was not inhibited. These results suggest that some of the previously documented effects of beta-xylosides might result, in part, from their inhibition of glycolipid synthesis. The mechanism of inhibition is not a direct competition for glycolipid synthesizing enzymes; rather, it is an unexplained result of formation of Gal beta 1,4Xyl-1 (alpha or beta)4MU.
Percutaneous Jet Ventilation (1976)

A method of ventilation utilizing an S-shaped cannula placed through the cricothyroid membrane and hooked up to a conventional jetting system is described. Its advantages are reduced morbidity, better ventilation, and an unobstructed view of the operating site for the surgeon. The system allows ventilation of the patient with oxygen prior to the induction, or at the end of anesthesia if necessary, and allows the surgeon to perform a tracheostomy in the usual manner if it is indicated. The system is not proposed as a routine method of ventilation during anesthesia for laryngeal surgery but is reserved for cases in which other methods would not perform adequately.
Vitamin A. (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVitamin A.Stanley R. AmesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 15, 4119–4120Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01548a085https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01548a085research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
First implementation of an operating 256 QAM 400 Mb/s microwave radio system (2002)

The design and performance of a 4, 5, 6-GHz, 400-Mb/s microwave radio system are described. The use of a 256-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) scheme in the system is discussed. An overall field test has been performed on the system for a 63.5-km overwater route. Results indicate that the outage probability of the 256-QAM system with SD, four-carrier transmission, a transversal equalizer (TRV-EQL), and a cross-polarization interference canceller (XPIC) is within the design objective. Based on these results, a 400-km-long commercial route was constructed and is currently in service.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Materialien (1977)

Zu Buschs Lebzeiten erschien keine Gesamtausgabe seiner Werke. Lediglich seine beiden wichtigsten Verleger veranstalteten Sammelausgaben, Braun & Schneider einige Bände »Kunterbunt« und »Schnaken und Schnurren« (siehe II. 4), Bassermann vertrieb zunächst in 22 Lieferungen über den Kolportagehandel seit 1884/85 ein Wilhelm Busch Album als »Humoristischen Hausschatz«, der alle bei Bassermann erschienenen Bildergeschichten für Erwachsene enthielt und immer wieder aufgelegt wurde. Nach Buschs Tod aber beginnt die große Verwirrung (vgl. auch GA 1, S. 5–6). Einzelausgaben und Sammelausgaben, diese oft gemischt mit Lebensabrissen und Erinnerungen, laufen nebeneinander her, wobei die bei Bassermann erschienenen Arbeiten zunächst wegen der gegenseitigen Abneigung nicht in den von den Neffen Nöldeke betreuten Ausgaben auftauchen. Erst 1943 erschienen die von Otto Nöldeke zusammengestellten und kommentierten »Sämtlichen Werke«. Als umfangreichste Ausgabe ist sie neben Friedrich Bohnes »Historisch-kritischer Gesamtausgabe« von 1959 immer noch unentbehrlich. Daß Bohnes Ausgabe dem Titel nicht gerecht wird, zeigt nicht nur die baldige Umbenennung in »Gesamtausgabe«.
Grazing-incidence YVO_4–Nd:YVO_4 composite thin slab laser with low thermo-optic aberrations (2004)

We present a novel grazing-incidence composite thin slab laser (CTSL) with an almost aberration-free gain medium. The laser consists of a 260-microm thin Nd:YVO4 plate that is diffusion bonded to an undoped YVO4 slab. The Nd:YVO4 plate is cooled at just one side, suppressing temperature gradients that would induce wave-front distortions in the laser field. The pump light of a noncollimated diode bar is directly coupled into the undoped YVO4 slab and guided by total internal reflection to the attached Nd:YVO4 plate. Since any pump-beam-shaping optics can be omitted, the laser is simple and compact. We obtained transverse multimode optical output powers of 14 and 9.3 W with M2 < or = 1.3.
Injection seeding. I. Theory (1993)

Injection seeding has proven to be a practical method of controlling the spectral output of a laser in an efficient and reliable manner. To achieve satisfactory injection seeding performance, a sufficiently large seed must be employed. To characterize the required seed, an injection seeding theory is developed here which establishes two interrelated concepts, threshold for injection seeding and spectral purity of the laser output. Rather than utilizing numerical techniques to solve the differential equations, closed-form expressions for the threshold are developed for not only common continuous wave injection seeding but pulsed injection seeding as well. In addition, effects of alignment of the seed to the resonator, both in position and angle, and effects of frequency mismatch, or difference between the seed and the resonant frequencies of the resonator, are taken into account. Expressions for the threshold utilize readily measurable experimental parameters. Spectral purity of the laser output and its consequences on the required seed power or energy are also explored.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evaluation of Three Stylus-Based Text Entry Methods on a Pocket PCtm Mobile Device (2006)

An evaluation of speed and accuracy of three stylus-based text entry methods on a pocket PC mobile device is performed. The flexslide soft keyboard, the standard pocketPC soft keyboard, and the edgewrite stylus-input methods were evaluated and compared for speed and accuracy using current text entry metrics and methods
Service availability of broadband wireless networks for indoor multimedia at millimeter waves (2002)

With the view to implement a high bit rate wireless communication system at millimeter waves in a realistic scenario, the problem of evaluating the suitability both of multicarrier (MC) and single carrier (SC) schemes is considered. The paper follows the analysis of C-OFDM systems and aims at comparing their performance with SC transmission. In this regard the combined use of adaptive antennas and decision feedback equalization (DFE) is proposed and analyzed in a realistic propagation scenario at millimeter waves. The joint antennas and DFE scheme can be viewed as a spatial-enhanced DFE, with one forward filter for each antenna, and a single feedback filter. This achieves better performance with respect to the cascade of narrowband adaptive antenna and DFE, since it combines the beamforming capability of the former with the equalization properties of the latter, with great advantages especially when rays arrive from similar angles. Service availability through coverage evaluation is developed.
Predictive fractal interpolation mapping: differential speech coding at low bit rates (2002)

In traditional linear prediction coding of speech, the vocal tract is represented by an AR model and the model is based on sample prediction. This paper proposes a new prediction model using iterated function systems (IFS) for vector modeling of arbitrary discrete sequence. The inverse algorithm for model parameter estimation is addressed, which is different from the inverse problem of the normal linear fractal interpolation. Furthermore, a new differential vector coding scheme using the new technique is presented, which also broadens the IFS implementation because of the backward prediction and differential vector usage. The model of predictive fractal mapping has very good potentials for low bit rate speech compression, for instance, vector prediction mode and less model parameters related to the waveform shapes. It is a new area of speech coding, particularly, at low bit rates. The coding scheme presented is novel and unique and has great potential applications.
A 0.5 μm technology for advanced microcontroller applications (2002)

The paper describes a modular 0.5 /spl mu/m, n+/p+ poly, Ti-salicided, double poly, triple metal technology combining high performance digital logic, precision analog components and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory is a simple, split-gate flash EEPROM which consumes little power during program, erase and read operations. Because of the low power/low voltage operation of individual devices, the overall technology is ideally suited for applications in high speed communication, computing and battery powered portable systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cosmic Ray induced Neutron and Gamma-Ray bursts in a Lead Pile (2007)

The neutron background is created primarily by cosmic rays interactions. Of particular interest for SNM detection is an understanding of burst events that resemble fission chains. We have been studying the interaction of cosmic rays with a lead pile that is efficient at creating neutron bursts from cosmic ray interactions. The neutron burst size depends on the configuration of the lead. We have found that the largest bursts appear to have been created by primaries of energy over 100 GeV that have had a diffractive interaction with the atmosphere. The large events trigger muon coincidence paddles with very high efficiency, and the resulting interactions with the lead pile can create over 10, 000 neutrons in a burst.
Evaluating graphics displays for complex 3D models (2002)

This article summarizes a user study of viewing 3D geometry on large-screen display devices. The geometry models the structure of a complex physical object. Our results show that the crispness of a display device (intraframe performance) must be considered along with the speed at which new frames can be computed (interframe performance). It's important to consider crispness from the user's perspective, using values that aren't often published in device specifications. Equally important is the framework for different types of 3D data and the categorization of display technology and techniques.
Asymmetric Carbonyl Reductions with Microbial Ketoreductases (2008)

Abstract The biocatalytic reduction of β‐keto esters and some aromatic ketones in the presence of a variety of ketoreductases from different microbial origins was investigated. The prochiral selectivity was generally high and both product enantiomers could be obtained by a proper choice of enzyme. Aromatic ketones reacted slower than the esters but the prochiral selectivity was often high. The organic cosolvent tolerance of these enzymes was rather variable but useful activity could be maintained in a number of cases. Reduction of the oxidized cofactors NAD and NADP, employing 2‐propanol as a sacrificial reductant, was catalyzed by the ketoreductases from Rhodococcus erythropolis and Lactobacillus kefir , respectively.
A Method for Inferring Label Sampling Mechanisms in Semi-Supervised Learning (2004)

We consider the situation in semi-supervised learning, where the &quot;label sampling&quot; mechanism stochastically depends on the true response (as well as potentially on the features). We suggest a method of moments for estimating this stochastic dependence using the unlabeled data. This is potentially useful for two distinct purposes: a. As an input to a supervised learning procedure which can be used to &quot;de-bias&quot; its results using labeled data only and b. As a potentially interesting learning task in itself.
Coherent Optical Access Networks (2011)

Coherent technology is the only viable solution to fulfill requirements regarding data rate, reach and splitting factor for optical access. Cost of optics is compensated by savings in system design to achieve an economic solution.
System capacity and coverage of a cellular network with D2D mobile relays (2012)

It has been predicted that the recent explosive growth in wireless data traffic will continue for the foreseeable future. To date, attempts to address this explosive growth have included increasing base station density through smaller cells, and to a lesser extent, by improving spectral efficiency using close-to-capacity channel coding and MIMO techniques. Providing further capacity and coverage improvements through ever shrinking cells could lead to large infrastructure costs and operating expenses. In this paper we propose a far less expensive alternate solution using a topology which employs mobile User Equipment (UE) nodes as virtual infrastructure to enhance the cellular capacity while also improving network coverage. The improvements in capacity and coverage are achieved by enabling cellular controlled direct Device to Device (D2D) links to carry relayed traffic. Each terminal UE (T-UE) with an active connection could potentially be assigned a Helper UE (H-UE), depending on the network conditions and traffic requirements to improve the system capacity. In addition, T-UEs which are out of coverage can also be assigned a H-UE, which would extend the typical coverage of a base station and lead to improved network coverage. In this paper, we present both coverage enhancement and system capacity results using Monte Carlo simulation techniques for both uplink and downlink communications. Our results indicate that cell edge percent throughput capacity improvements as well as percent throughput coverage improvements of more than 150% may be realized using idle UEs in the system as mobile relays.
Differentiability of distance functions in normed linear spaces with uniformly Gateaux differentiable norm (1988)

Consider a non-empty proper closed subset K of a Banach space $(X, \\| \\cdot \\|)$ where the norm is uniformly Gateaux (uniformly Frechet) differentiable. Then the associated distance function d is guaranteed to be Gateaux differentiable on a dense subset D of X\\K. Furthermore, Gateaux (Frechet) differentiability of the distance function at a point $x \\in$ X\\K can be characterised in terms of the weak* sequences ${d' (x_n)}$ where ${x_n}$ is a sequence in D converging to x.