gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Automatic Spectrophotometric Rate Method for Selective Determination of Glucose in Serum, Plasma, or Blood. (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Automatic Spectrophotometric Rate Method for Selective Determination of Glucose in Serum, Plasma, or Blood.H. V. Malmstadt and S. I. HadjiioannouCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 4, 452–455Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60184a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60184a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhomogeneous Gain Saturation of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (1995)

An important application of Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is in future wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication systems. In such systems one needs to consider gain cross saturation, i.e., how a signal at one wavelength affects gains at other wavelengths. A contributing factor to gain cross saturation is the inhomogeneous broadening of the gain medium. In this paper we demonstrate a technique for characterizing the inhomogeneous nature of the small-signal gain spectrum in the presence of a saturating signal.
Electroencephalographic Fractal Dimension in Healthy Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease (2016)

Brain activity is complex; a reflection of its structural and functional organization. Among other measures of complexity, the fractal dimension is emerging as being sensitive to neuronal damage secondary to neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here, we calculated Higuchi's fractal dimension (HFD) in resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from 41 healthy controls (age: 20-89 years) and 67 Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients (age: 50-88 years), to investigate whether HFD is sensitive to brain activity changes typical in healthy aging and in AD. Additionally, we considered whether AD-accelerating effects of the copper fraction not bound to ceruloplasmin (also called "free" copper) are reflected in HFD fluctuations. The HFD measure showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with age in healthy people (R2 = .575, p < .001). Onset of HFD decline appeared around the age of 60, and was most evident in central-parietal regions. In this region, HFD decreased with aging stronger in the right than in the left hemisphere (p = .006). AD patients demonstrated reduced HFD compared to age- and education-matched healthy controls, especially in temporal-occipital regions. This was associated with decreasing cognitive status as assessed by mini-mental state examination, and with higher levels of non-ceruloplasmin copper. Taken together, our findings show that resting-state EEG complexity increases from youth to maturity and declines in healthy, aging individuals. In AD, brain activity complexity is further reduced in correlation with cognitive impairment. In addition, elevated levels of non-ceruloplasmin copper appear to accelerate the reduction of neural activity complexity. Overall, HDF appears to be a proper indicator for monitoring EEG-derived brain activity complexity in healthy and pathological aging.
Intermodulation distortion and power handling in RF MEMS switches, varactors, and tunable filters (2003)

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of the nonlinear effects generated RF-microelectromechanical system (MEMS) varactors and capacitive switches. The theoretical part includes an analytic derivation, as well as an electromechanical model suitable for computer-aided design (CAD) simulation. The simulations agree very well with measurements performed on a 24-GHz three-pole MEMS tunable filter. It is shown that MEMS capacitive components with a spring constant k>10 N/m generate very low intermodulation, as compared to semiconductor devices, and lead to a two-tone third-order intermodulation intercept point (IIP3) greater than +40 dBm for /spl Delta/f>3-5f/sub 0/, where f/sub 0/ is the mechanical resonant frequency. In fact, the IIP3 increases to +80 dBm for a difference signal (/spl Delta/f) of 5 MHz. The CAD model also allows the evaluation of the power-handling capabilities of the tunable filter and, it is seen that, for the case presented here, distortions become significant for an input power greater than +20 dBm. Noise generation due to thermal effects on a movable membrane (Brownian noise) is also modeled and it is shown that the tunable filter results in a very low phase-noise level close to the carrier.
Using liver enzymes as screening tests to predict mortality risk. (2008)

GGT and alkaline phosphatase are significant predictors of mortality risk for all values. ALT is still useful for triggering further testing for hepatitis, but AST should be used instead to assess mortality risk linked with transaminases.
A hardware efficient direct digital frequency synthesizer (2002)

In this paper, a hardware efficient direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) implementation is presented. To decrease the DDFS hardware requirements, we minimized the size of the lookup table and the other logic parts. The proposed ROM compression algorithm gives a high compression ratio of 236:1. It requires an adder/subtractor and a multiplier. The hardware is further reduced by replacing the standard multiplier with a truncated multiplier. Compared with the previously presented solutions, the proposed DDFS has higher hardware efficiency with equal spurious performance. The synthesizer generates 12-bit sine and cosine waveforms with -84.3 dBc spectral purity, 0.37 Hz frequency resolution, and maximum clock frequency of 100 MHz.
Regioselectivity of electrophilic aromatic substitution: syntheses of 6- and 7-sulfamoylindolines and -indoles (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselectivity of electrophilic aromatic substitution: syntheses of 6- and 7-sulfamoylindolines and -indolesAlan L. Borror, Efthimios Chinoporos, Michael P. Filosa, Stephen R. Herchen, Cheryl Pizzo Petersen, Carol A. Stern, and Kay D. OnanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 9, 2047–2052Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00244a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1084Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (833 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Temperature dependence of hole conductor free formamidinium lead iodide perovskite based solar cells (2014)

This work reports on the temperature dependence of mixed perovskite cations, formamidinium and methylammonium, in hole conductor free solar cells.
Authorization of data access in distributed storage systems (2005)

This paper describes an efficient method for access authorization in distributed (grid) storage systems. Client applications obtain "access tokens" from an organization's file catalogue upon execution of a file name resolution request. Whenever a client application tries to access the requested files, the token is transparently passed to the target storage system. Thus the storage service can decide on the authorization of a request without itself having to contact the authorization service. The token is protected from access and modification by external parties using public key infrastructure. A prototype using the AliEn grid file catalogue and xrootd as a data server has been implemented. A detailed description of the prototype implementation is presented.
71. Synthetic antimalarials. Part IV. 2-Phenylguanidino-4-aminoalkylamino-6-methylpyrimidines (1946)

F. H. S. Curd and F. L. Rose, J. Chem. Soc., 1946, 362 DOI: 10.1039/JR9460000362
Investigation into the efficacy of bezafibrate against primary biliary cirrhosis, with histological references from cases receiving long term monotherapy (2002)

Investigation into the efficacy of bezafibrate against primary biliary cirrhosis, with histological references from cases receiving long term monotherapy
Prenatal Diagnosis of Steroid 21 -Hydroxylase Deficiency by the Modified Polymerase Chain Reaction to Detect Splice Site Mutation in the CYP21 Gene. (1998)

A splicing junction mutation at nucleotide 656 (A-> G substitution, I2G) in the steroid 21-hydroxylase gene (CYP21) is the most frequently detected mutation in patients with the salt-wasting and simple-virilizing forms of steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency (approximately 60%). In this disease, prenatal diagnosis and treatment to minimize the effects of excess androgen in affected females has been advocated. Therefore, to detect the I2G mutation rapidly, accurately, and without the use of radioisotope, we developed a modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a mismatched 3' nucleotide primer to introduce a new restriction site upon PCR amplification of the mutant allele. This allowed the mutant allele to be identified readily by restriction enzyme digestion of the PCR product, and subsequently this PCR product was subjected to restriction enzyme digestion for diagnosis. Chorionic villus biopsy samples (CVS) were obtained at 10 to 11 weeks gestation from two females carrying fetuses at risk for steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Prenatal diagnosis was successful in both cases. One affected female was treated with dexamethasone to term. In the other case, treatment was withdrawn at an early stage when testing revealed a normal fetus. The results demonstrate the rapid and accurate detection of the I2G mutation by this method, thereby indicating the feasibility of for prenatal diagnosis of the I2G mutation.
Expanding design process of the Airbag Control Unit ACU - Connection of Active and Passive Safety by using vehicles dynamics for rollover and side crash detection (2008)

Vehicle safety is based on the avoidance of accidents (Active Safety) and reduction of injuries in case a crash isn’t preventable (Passive Safety). Therefore, the motion of the vehicle is measured with suitable sensors. The data analysis takes place in qualified vehicle control units. A vehicle stabilisation is calculated in the Electronical-Stability Control Unit (ESC). The restraint systems like seatbelts or airbags are triggered by the Airbag-Control-Unit (ACU). An extension and an advancement of separate safety systems are necessary to achieve sustained success in driver protection. The improvement can be realised by the combination of ESC and Airbag Control Units. This paper introduces a new process and testing method for deployment and transcription of the connection from active and passive safety in the car design process. According to this the boundary conditions of some important crash scenarios are discussed.
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of the Four Crystallographic Phases of α, β, γ and ε 2,4,6,8,10,12‐Hexanitro‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.0<sup>5,9</sup>.0<sup>3,11</sup>]dodecane (HNIW, CL‐20) (2004)

Abstract Fourier transform Raman Spectroscopy (Nd : YAG laser at 1064 nm) was used to characterize the four stable phases of 2,4,6,8,10,12‐Hexanitro‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.0 5,9 .0 3,11 ]dodecane (HNIW, CL‐20). Raman spectra are reported over the region from 0–4000 cm −1 , relative to the laser line. A tentative assignment of the most predominant Raman peaks was made with the aid of QM calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level. A method for detecting polymorphic impurities in ε‐CL‐20 was also developed. The detection level for polymorphic impurities was determined to be below 2%. A method for producing γ‐CL‐20 is also presented.
Use of Gold Nanoparticles as Additives in Protein Crystallization (2013)

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit unique properties that have made them a very attractive material for application in biological assays. Given the potentially interesting interactions between AuNPs and biological macromolecules, we investigated AuNPs-induced protein crystal growth. Differently functionalized AuNPs were tested as additives in cocrystallization studies with model proteins (hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), ribonuclease A (RNase A), and proteinase K) as well as with case studies where there were problems in obtaining well-diffracting crystals. Trials were performed considering different crystallization drawbacks, from total absence of crystals to improvement of crystal morphology, size, twinning, and number of crystals per drop. Improvement of some of these factors was observed in the cases of HEWL, RNase A, phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), myoglobin, native aldehyde oxidase (AOH), and human albumin. In these proteins, the presence of the AuNPs promoted an increase in the size and/or better crystal morphology. From the systematic trials and subsequent observations, it can be concluded that the introduction of AuNPs should definitely be considered in crystal optimization trials to improve previously determined crystallization conditions.
A New Angiotensin-Ll- Receptor Blocker, Cgp 48933: Local Tolerance and Effect on Intraocular Pressure. A Pilot Study (1997)

CGP 48933, a new angiotensin-II-receptor antagonist, has been shown to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in two different rabbit glaucoma models in a dose-dependent manner after local application. As a further step a pilot study was performed in human eyes. The trial consisted of three parts. Parts 1 and 2 comprised a double-masked intraindividual trial between CGP 48933 and its vehicle (saline) in five healthy volunteers (Part 1) and five patients with early stages of primary open-angle glaucoma (Part 2), to assess local tolerance and the effect on IOP. Part 3 was a single-masked intraindividual trial between CGP 48933 and saline, to find the effective dose range of the new compound. Local tolerance was assessed as excellent in all subjects. No conjunctival hyperemia burning or itching occurred. There were no significant changes in IOP from baseline in drug or vehicle-treated eyes. In addition, there was no dose-dependent (200 micrograms to 1 mg) effect of CGP 48933 on IOP. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate and pupil size did not change during the observation period. Topical application of CGP 48933 in its present formulation is thus not suitable for lowering IOP in humans.
Overexpression of human lipoprotein lipase in transgenic mice. Resistance to diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. (1993)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in the hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. To determine the role of LPL in lipoprotein metabolism, we established three transgenic mouse lines overexpressing the human LPL gene; the highest expressor line, which transcribed human LPL mRNA in the heart, skeletal muscles, and adipose tissue, was used in this study. The transgenic mice had 5- and 1.7-fold higher LPL activity in adipose tissue and post-heparin plasma, respectively. Plasma triglyceride levels in transgenic mice were 24.2% of that in control mice, and gel filtration chromatography showed that very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides were much reduced in transgenic mice. In the chemical analysis of plasma lipoproteins isolated by ultracentrifugation, we found that LDL particles were cholesterol-rich and HDL2 cholesterol was increased 1.4-fold in transgenic mice as compared to control mice. When we injected 125I-VLDL intravenously into transgenic mice, the clearance of 125I-VLDL and the conversion of VLDL to LDL was markedly enhanced as compared to control mice. Furthermore, the clearance of chylomicrons, estimated by both the fat loading and retinyl palmitate loading tests, was significantly enhanced in transgenic mice. After sucrose feeding, no increase in VLDL was observed in transgenic mice. When fed a high cholesterol diet, the development of hypercholesterolemia was suppressed in transgenic mice. These results suggested that LPL determined not only hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins but also lipolytic conversion, and that overexpression of LPL acted to protect against diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia as well as hypercholesterolemia.
Picosecond optical sampling (1974)

A 10-channel optical-sampling technique has been developed to give oscilloscope displays of picosecond laser pulses in a single shot. Pulses with durations of 10-30 ps and powers ranging down to ∼ 1 W have been displayed with this technique. An ultrafast optical gate and a 10-channel multibeam splitter are used to cut out in one laser shot ten samples centered at 4.1-ps intervals from the leading to the lagging edge of the pulse. The ten optical samples are then spaced out at 10-ns intervals by means of an optical fiber array, detected by a fast photomultiplier, and displayed on a real-time oscilloscope. The envelope of the sample pulses represents a display of the laser pulse. This technique could substitute for picosecond streak cameras in certain applications.
Effective Chirogenesis in a Bis(metallosalphen) Complex through Host–Guest Binding with Carboxylic Acids (2010)

Picking Cotton: Strong host–guest complexation of chiral carboxylic acids results in the amplification of one of the chiral conformers of a bis[Zn2+(salphen)] complex, which can racemize by axis rotation (see picture). The complexation leads to a CD signal for which the sign of the first Cotton effect directly relates to the absolute configuration of the substrate and the amplitude depends on the size and nature of the substituents.
Transcriptional activity of avian retroviral long terminal repeats directly correlates with enhancer activity (1985)

Retroviral long terminal repeats (LTRs) contain elements responsible for the control of proviral transcription and gene expression. Molecular clones of the LTR region of a number of avian retroviruses have been isolated, and DNA sequence analysis of these clones reveals the existence of a related, but heterogeneous, family of LTRs. To examine the functional significance of the observed sequence differences, we have directly tested the abilities of several different avian retrovirus LTRs to act as promoters and enhancers of mRNA transcription. Our results indicate that large differences in LTR transcriptional activity exist and that these differences in gene expression directly correlate with LTR enhancer activity. In particular, we show that the LTR of Fujinami sarcoma virus is intermediate in both transcriptional and enhancer activity when compared with the very active LTRs of the exogenous viruses RAV-2 and Schmidt-Ruppin B and the much less active LTRs of the endogenous virus RAV-0 and its provirus ev-2. These results suggest that LTR enhancer activity may be the primary determinant of avian retroviral LTR transcriptional activity and, hence, oncogenic potential.
Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces granulocytosis in vivo. (1986)

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was prepared and its granulopoietic effects on mice were examined. When mice were injected intraperitoneally with the G-CSF daily for 14 days, marked granulocytosis occurred in the mice. The number of progenitor cells (CFU-C) was remarkably increased in the spleen. The results suggest that G-CSF plays a central role in granulocyte production in vivo.
Lateral Drying in Thick Films of Waterborne Colloidal Particles (2001)

The first systematic and quantitative experimental study of the influences on lateral drying in colloidal films is reported. The time until water recedes from the edge of a drying thick film of a waterborne colloidal dispersion, called the open time, was measured as a function of several controllable parameters. Magnetic resonance microscopy, using a specially designed probe, noninvasively provides a direct and quantitative measurement of the concentration of water as a function of vertical and lateral position. Images were obtained from drying films of latices with known values of thickness, particle size, and surface tension, which are neatly encapsulated in an expression for the reduced capillary pressure, pc. A strong increase in the open time was found over a relatively narrow range of pc values. Larger particles, slower evaporation rates, and thinner films encourage more uniform lateral drying with a delay in drying from the edges. This observation is consistent with a recent model (Routh, A. F.; Russel, W. B. AIChE J. 1998, 44, 2088) based on the lubrication approximation. The experiments and the modeling point to a way of achieving control over the lateral drying processes of waterborne colloids.
A rapid, one-pot microwave-solvothermal synthesis of a hierarchical nanostructured graphene/LiFePO4 hybrid as a high performance cathode for lithium ion batteries (2013)

One-pot, graphene/LiFePO4 nanohybrids have been synthesized by a novel microwave-solvothermal (MW-ST) process. The microwave assisted process proceeds rapidly, enabling the decoration of LiFePO4 nanorods on graphene nanosheets (GNS) within 15 min at temperature <300 °C without requiring any inert atmosphere or post annealing at elevated temperatures in reducing gas atmosphere. The resulting nanohybrid is characterized by powder XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and TEM measurements. The application potential of the nanohybrid as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries is also demonstrated, where the electrode material exhibits a discharge capacity of (∼164 mA h g−1) at C/10 rate, which is close to the theoretical capacity 170 mA h g−1.