gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Caustic spot light for rendering caustics (2008)

It is difficult to render caustic patterns at interactive frame rates. This paper introduces new rendering techniques that relax current constraints, allowing scenes with moving, non-rigid scene objects, rigid caustic objects, and rotating directional light sources to be rendered in real-time with GPU hardware acceleration. Because our algorithm estimates the intensity and the direction of caustic light, rendering of non-Lambertian surfaces is supported. Previous caustics algorithms have separated the problem into pre-rendering and rendering phases, storing intermediate results in data structures such as photon maps or radiance transfer functions. Our central idea is to use specially parameterized spot lights, called caustic spot lights (CSLs), as the intermediate representation of a two-phase algorithm. CSLs are flexible enough that a small number can approximate the light leaving a caustic object, yet simple enough that they can be efficiently evaluated by a pixel shader program during accelerated rendering.We extend our approach to support changing lighting direction by further dividing the pre-rendering phase into per-scene and per-frame components: the per-frame phase computes frame-specific CSLs by interpolating between CSLs that were pre-computed with differing light directions.
Cloning of a Human Homologue of Mouse Reticulocalbin Reveals Conservation of Structural Domains in the Novel Endoplasmic Reticulum Resident Ca2+-Binding Protein with Multiple EF-Hand Motifs1 (1995)

Recently, we described the isolation of a mouse cDNA clone encoding a novel Ca(2+)-binding protein, tentatively designated as reticulocalbin [Ozawa, M. and Muramatsu, T. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 699-705]. Reticulocalbin is a lumenal protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with a molecular weight of 44,000 and has six repeats of a domain containing the high affinity EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding motif. The protein has the sequence, His-Asp-Glu-Leu (HDEL), at its carboxy terminus, which serves as a signal for its retention in the ER of cells. To examine the importance of the putative Ca(2+)-binding domains as well as the carboxy-terminal HDEL sequence, we have cloned the human homologue of reticulocalbin. The sequence of this clone revealed a novel protein with 95% identity in amino acid sequence to the mouse reticulocalbin, indicating that this molecule has been evolutionarily conserved in mammals. As was found for the mouse reticulocalbin, the human homologue showed six repeats of a domain containing EF-hand motifs. Interestingly, conservation of the amino acid sequence was not restricted to the Ca(2+)-binding motifs, consistent with the possibility that reticulocalbin plays some role(s) besides Ca(2+)-binding. As was found for the mouse homologue, the protein has the HDEL sequence at its carboxy terminus instead of the Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) sequence, which is more common as a signal for the retention of resident proteins in the ER of animal cells. The conservation of the HDEL sequence in reticulocalbin in both species raises the possibility that this sequence has some roles in the function(s) of this protein family.
Anxiety in Major Depression: Relationship to Suicide Attempts (2000)

OBJECTIVE: This study was an examination of the relationship of lifetime panic disorder and anxiety symptoms at index hospitalization to a history of a suicide attempt in patients with a major depressive episode. METHOD: A total of 272 inpatients with at least one major depressive episode, with or without a history of a suicide attempt, were entered into the study. They were given structured diagnostic interviews for axis I and axis II disorders. Suicide attempt history, current psychopathology, and traits of aggression and impulsivity were also assessed. RESULTS: The rates of panic disorder did not differ in the suicide attempters and nonattempters. Agitation, psychic anxiety, and hypochondriasis were more severe in the nonattempter group. A multivariate analysis confirmed that this effect was independent of aggression and impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid panic disorder in patients with major depression does not seem to increase the risk for lifetime suicide attempt. The presence of greater anxiety in the nonattempters warrants further investigation.
A Computational Model for Predicting the Life of Tubes Used in Petrochemical Heater Service (1985)

This paper describes a model developed for computer simulation of stresses in heater tubes used in petrochemical service. The model predicts the damage to the tube material and thus provides an assessment of both tube design life and residual-life of tubes that have been subjected to service exposure. The analysis procedure has been incorporated into a computer code (TUBE), which has been applied to a number of applications for heat-resistant alloys. The focus of these applications has been to address the effect of sustained and cyclic loadings on the predicted service lives of tubes used in elevated temperature service. The model was originally developed at Battelle-Columbus in the 1970s, as part of an industrial group research program on “Materials for Steam Reformer Furnaces.” The computer model uses conventional numerical approaches [1–4] to solve finite element models of two-dimensional creep problems. This paper addresses the practical difficulties of applying such models to real service conditions and real commercial alloys.
Simultaneous Exclusive Access to Multiple Resources (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The Deadlock Problem Case Studies Heuristics More on Deadlock and Its Prevention Conclusion Exercises
Experimental rate constants and reactor considerations for the destruction of micropollutants and trihalomethane precursors by ozone with ultraviolet radiation (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExperimental rate constants and reactor considerations for the destruction of micropollutants and trihalomethane precursors by ozone with ultraviolet radiationH. William. PrengleCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1983, 17, 12, 743–747Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00118a010https://doi.org/10.1021/es00118a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Polymer field-effect transistors by a drawing method (2004)

We demonstrated the polymer field-effect transistors (FETs) utilizing regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene)s (P3AT) films prepared by a drawing method. The P3AT film exhibited large optical dichroic ratio, which originated in the polymer backbones aligned to the drawing direction. In-plane anisotropy and enhancement of FET characteristics have been observed that are caused by molecular alignment. In the case of poly(3-dodecylthiophene), the hole mobility along the drawing direction was enhanced by a factor of 25 compared with that of spin-coated film.
Rational Protein Modification Leading to Resistance of Enzymes to TiO<sub>2</sub>−UV Irradiation-Induced Inactivation (2004)

Photoexcited TiO2 degrades biomolecules such as nucleic acids, cell membrane proteins, and enzymes. Stabilization of enzyme activity against the deactivation caused by the combination of TiO2-UV is essential if we are to develop novel hybrid materials exhibiting photocatalytic and biocatalytic activities useful for decontamination applications. In this paper we describe the stabilization of a model enzyme, chymotrypsin, against TiO2-UV-induced deactivation by conjugating the enzyme with UV-absorbing, carboxyl-terminated oligo[2-[3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl methacrylate] [oligo(HBMA)-COOH]. Chymotrypsin was completely deactivated within 3 h, whereas the chymotrypsin-oligo(HBMA) conjugate retained > 50% activity even after 5 h of exposure to TiO2-UV (lambdamax 365 nm). The degree of enzyme stabilization induced by the conjugated UV absorber was 2-fold higher than that from the equivalent number of conjugated PEG chains. Spectroscopic characterizations revealed that chymotrypsin-oligo(HBMA) absorbs UV light and initially resists photoexcitation of TiO2. Modified chymotrypsin also exhibited resistance to changes in the secondary structure during the deactivation. This method of stabilizing enzymes against photodegradation could be also useful in photolithographic enzyme immobilizations for sensors and arrays or for stabilization of any UV-sensitive protein.
Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Zinc-finger Protein with Transcriptional Repressor Activity (1995)

To identify genes that can repress the expression of growth regulatory molecules, a human fetal cDNA library was screened with a degenerate oligonucleotide that corresponds to the conserved stretch of 6 amino acids connecting successive zinc-finger regions in the Wilms' tumor suppressor/Egr-1 family of DNA-binding proteins. One clone, designated zinc-finger protein 174 (ZNF174), corresponds to a putative transcription factor with three zinc fingers and a novel finger-associated domain, designated the SCAN box. The three Cys2-His2-type zinc fingers are positioned at the carboxyl terminus, while the 65-amino acid finger-associated SCAN box is located near the amino terminus. Chromosomal localization using somatic cell hybrid analysis and fluorescent in situ hybridization mapped the gene for ZNF174 to human chromosome 16p13.3. The 2.5-kilobase transcript from this gene is expressed in a variety of human organs, but most strongly in adult testis and ovary. Fusion of the upstream regulatory region of ZNF174 to the DNA-binding domain of GAL4 revealed that the gene could confer a repression function on the heterologous DNA-binding domain. ZNF174 selectively repressed reporter activity driven by the platelet-derived growth factor-B chain and transforming growth factor-beta 1 promoters and bound to DNA in a specific manner. This member of the C2H2-type zinc-finger family is a novel transcriptional repressor.
Development of Pedagogical Knowledge Related to Teaching At-Risk Students: How Do Inservice Teachers and Preservice Teachers Compare? (2002)

This study examined the development of pedagogical knowledge of preservice and inservice teachers as they implemented newly learned assessment and instructional strategies with at-risk readers in clinical settings. The preservice teachers worked in pairs to tutor children during the regular semester at a university reading clinic; the inservice teachers worked for four days a week for six weeks in a special reading academy. Four stages of development emerged from the examination of the reflective responses of teachers that they wrote after each tutoring sessions with the at-risk readers. The stages identified were: novice, advance beginner, competent, and proficient.
Laser femtosecond MPI mass spectroscopy of dye-labeled nucleotides (1990)

The laser multiphoton photoionization (MPI) mass spectroscopy technique was used to investigate the processes of photoionization and fragmentation of the nucleotides chemically bound to the label chromophore group. The results of experiments with nucleotide-coumarin complexes are presented. The experiments involved four nucleic acid bases-adenosine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine-bound to the coumarin 120 dye chromophore. To obtain the mass spectra of the model compounds, use was made of 300-fs laser pulses at 308 nm. The results obtained were compared with the mass spectra resulting from the irradiation of the samples with 15-ns pulses at 266 or 355 nm. The mass spectra obtained are shown and discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Predicting Continuous Epitopes in Proteins (2006)

The ability to predict antigenic sites on proteins is crucial for the production of synthetic peptide vaccines and synthetic peptide probes of antibody structure. Large number of amino acid propensity scales based on various properties of the antigenic sites like hydrophilicity, flexibility/mobility, turns and bends have been proposed and tested previously. However these methods are not very accurate in predicting epitopes and non-epitope regions. We propose algorithms that combine 14 best performing individual propensity scales and give better prediction accuracy as compared to individual scales.
Touch the Sound: Audio-Driven Tactile Feedback for Audio Mixing Applications (2010)

In this study, experiments were conducted to determine if a person could distinguish percussive audio loops by their fingertips using audio-driven tactile feedback. The audio signal was adapted to generate a vibration signal (tactile feedback) taking into account the limited capabilities of the tactile modality. A systematic approach to find the different adaptation parameters is discussed. The vibrations were created by an electro-dynamic shaker mounted behind a touch-sensitive screen. Results indicate percussive loops are best distinguished if the source features (e.g., frequency spectrum) and sequence features (e.g., rhythm) are maintained. Also, the pragmatic and hedonic qualities of an interactive, multimodal system using audio-driven tactile feedback were evaluated using a semantic differential. Index Terms: audio-driven vibration feedback, tactile percussion instrument recognition, perceptual quality, tangible user interfaces 1.
The United Nations World Water Development Report 2003 (2003)

WWDR1 is targeted to all those involved in the formulation and implementation of water-related policies and investment strategies, as well as to professionals at all levels. Although it offers a broad global picture, it focuses particularly on the situation in developing countries, where the need for better infrastructure and governance is highest. With this report, WWAP is aiming to show where systems are failing, and to provide the information needed for efficient and effective capacity-building throughout the world. This 1st edition of the WWDR laid the foundation for subsequent editions, concentrating essentially on evaluating what progress has been made, and not made, since the Rio Summit and on developing effective assessment methodologies. The Report encompasses a broad range of components, focusing on human stewardship of freshwater, that complex aggregation of policies, legislation, social programmes, economic approaches and management strategies through which we seek to achieve water sustainability.
Shape-Programmed Folding of Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Bilayers (2012)

We investigated the folding of rectangular stimuli-responsive hydrogel-based polymer bilayers with different aspect ratios and relative thicknesses placed on a substrate. It was found that long-side rolling dominates at high aspect ratios (ratio of length to width) when the width is comparable to the circumference of the formed tubes, which corresponds to a small actuation strain. Rolling from all sides occurs for higher actuation, namely when the width and length considerably exceed the deformed circumference. In the case of moderate actuation, when both the width and length are comparable to the deformed circumference, diagonal rolling is observed. Short-side rolling was observed very rarely and in combination with diagonal rolling. On the basis of experimental observations, finite-element modeling and energetic considerations, we argued that bilayers placed on a substrate start to roll from corners due to quicker diffusion of water. Rolling from the long-side starts later but dominates at high aspect ratios, in agreement with energetic considerations. We have shown experimentally and by modeling that the main reasons causing a variety of rolling scenarios are (i) non-homogenous swelling due to the presence of the substrate and (ii) adhesion of the polymer to the substrate.
Eruptive solar magnetic fields (1981)

The quasi-steady evolution of solar magnetic fields in response to gradual photospheric changes is considered, with particular attention given to the threshold of a sudden eruption in the solar atmosphere. The formal model of an evolving, force-free field dependent on two Cartesian coordinates is extended to a field which is not force free but in static equilibrium with plasma pressure and gravity. The basic physics is illustrated through the evolution of a loop-shaped electric current sheet enclosing a potential bipolar field with footpoints rooted in the photosphere. A free-boundary problem is posed and then solved for the equilibrium configuration of the current sheet in a hydrostatically supported isothermal atmosphere. As the footpoints move apart to spread a constant photospheric magnetic flux over a larger region, the equilibria available extend the field to increasing heights.
Effect of As, Sb, Bi and oxygen in copper anodes during electrorefining (2010)

This article presents the results of a three year research project funded by the “Sponsor Group Copper Electrorefining”. Investigated were passivation behaviour, anode dissolution, anode sludge formation and distribution coefficients of impure copper anodes with linear independent target contents of Sb, As, Bi and O processed at three current densities. The experimental setup is shown as well as the obtained results. Mathematical modelling of the results was done, analysing the influence of these factors and their interdependencies on the electrolysis process. All significant effects are displayed using scaled and centred coefficient plots describing the influence of the critical elements.
Quality improvement: Managing effective school guidance and counselling service (1996)

This paper examines the management and evaluation of school guidance and counselling service in Hong Kong. A school-based model which has the potential to improve the quality of school guidance and counselling service is proposed. The model consists of a management component and an evaluation component. The school-based strategic management component is used as a mechanism to improve the quality of guidance and counselling service. The evaluation component includes curriculum and programme, personnel, and resources and policies. Evaluation is viewed as an ongoing process to improve the quality of services.\n<br>\n本文是探討學校輔導服務在香港之管理和評鑑。為提高輔導服務之質素，本文建議採用一個以學校為本位之模式，此模式包括管理和評鑑兩個元素，其中校本策略性管理是用作提升輔導服務質素之機制，而評鑑則包括課程與規劃，人力調配，資源和政策三方面。在此模式中，評鑑是被視為一持續不斷的過程，用以改善服務的質素。
Flow Tracing Fidelity of Scattering Aerosol in Laser Doppler Velocimetry (1975)

An experimental method for the determination of the flow-tracing fidelity of a scattering aerosol used in laser Doppler velocimeters was developed with particular reference to the subsonic turbulence measurements. The method employs the measurement of the dynamic response of a flow-seeding aerosol excited by acoustic waves. The amplitude and frequency of excitation were controlled in order to simulate the corresponding values of fluid turbulence components. Experimental results are presented on the dynamic response of aerosols over the size range from 0.1 microm to 2.0 microm in diam and over the frequency range 100 Hz to 100 kHz. It was observed that unit-density spherical scatterers with diameters of 0.2 mmicrom followed subsonic air turbulence frequency components up to 100 kHz with 98% fidelity.
<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> Lipopolysaccharide Contains Multiple Lipid A Species That Functionally Interact with Both Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 (2004)

The innate host response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) obtained from Porphyromonas gingivalis is unusual in that different studies have reported that it can be an agonist for Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) as well as an antagonist or agonist for TLR4. In this report it is shown that P. gingivalis LPS is highly heterogeneous, containing more lipid A species than previously described. In addition, purification of LPS can preferentially fractionate these lipid A species. It is shown that an LPS preparation enriched for lipid A species at m/z 1,435 and 1,450 activates human and mouse TLR2, TLR2 plus TLR1, and TLR4 in transiently transfected HEK 293 cells coexpressing membrane-associated CD14. The HEK cell experiments further demonstrated that cofactor MD-2 was required for functional engagement of TLR4 but not of TLR2 nor TLR2 plus TLR1. In addition, serum-soluble CD14 effectively transferred P. gingivalis LPS to TLR2 plus TLR1, but poorly to TLR4. Importantly, bone marrow cells obtained from TLR2(-/-) and TLR4(-/-) mice also responded to P. gingivalis LPS in a manor consistent with the HEK results, demonstrating that P. gingivalis LPS can utilize both TLR2 and TLR4. No response was observed from bone marrow cells obtained from TLR2 and TLR4 double-knockout mice, demonstrating that P. gingivalis LPS activation occurred exclusively through either TLR2 or TLR4. Although the biological significance of the different lipid A species found in P. gingivalis LPS preparations is not currently understood, it is proposed that the presence of multiple lipid A species contributes to cell activation through both TLR2 and TLR4.
Instrument for Measuring Water Waves (1959)

The variation of wave height is sensed by a probe whose capacitance is linearly dependent on wave height and controls the repetition rate of a blocking oscillator. The variation of repetition interval is converted into amplitude modulation at the recording site. The wide dynamic range (1000:1) of the electronic portion of the instrument permits the measurement of ripples with the same accuracy whether they are on calm or rough water. The dynamic range of the instrument is limited by the characteristics of the probe. The instrument requires no balancing, has a frequency range of 0 to 100 cps and a sensitivity which is adjustable. The maximum sensitivity used in the field was 8.0v/cm water displacement and the noise level at this sensitivity corresponds to 0.032 mm rms water displacement.
Polyhalogenonitrobenzenes and derived compounds. Part 2. Reactions of 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5,6-dinitrobenzene with aliphatic amines under phase-transfer conditions (1985)

The reactions of acyclic and cyclic aliphatic amines with 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-5,6-dinitrobenzene have been investigated under phase-transfer conditions (toluene–water in the presence of Aliquat 336). In comparison with the corresponding reactions in toluene alone as solvent, overall reactivity was increased, and there was an enhanced preference for chlorine rather than nitro-group displacement. An explanation for this is advanced.