gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of genes that modulate sensitivity of U373MG glioblastoma cells to cis-platinum (2006)

Scatter factor (hepatocyte growth factor) and its receptor c-Met are increasingly expressed during progression from low-grade to high-grade gliomas. Scatter factor/c-Met signaling induces glioma cell motility, invasion, angiogenesis and resistance to DNA-damaging agents. The latter is relevant to the understanding of the resistance of human gliomas to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The goal of this study was to identify a set of genes that may contribute to scatter factor-mediated protection of U373MG cells against cis-platinum, a DNA cross-linking agent. We used DNA microarray assays, confirmatory semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis and functional assays to identify genes involved in the scatter factor-induced resistance of U373MG to cis-platinum. We identified a group of genes that are overexpressed in cells treated with scatter factor plus cis-platinum relative to cells treated with cis-platinum alone and confirmed some of these gene expression alterations by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Inhibiting the expression of three of these genes--polycystic kidney disease 1, amplified in breast cancer 1 and DEAD/H box helicase 21--using small interfering RNAs reduced survival of cis-platinum-treated cells and partially reversed the scatter factor protection against cis-platinum. Dominant-negative Akt and IkappaB super-repressor expression vectors inhibited the scatter factor protection, and abrogated the ability of scatter factor to alter the expression of DEAD/H box helicase 21 and polycystin (PKD1) within the context of cis-platinum exposure. The Akt and nuclear factor-kappaB inhibitors had no effect on amplified in breast cancer 1 expression. These studies implicate DEAD/H box helicase 21, polycystin (PKD1) and amplified in breast cancer 1 as novel transcription-dependent regulators of scatter factor-mediated glioma cell protection against cytotoxic death, and identify other potential regulators for future study.
Purification, characterization, and biological effects of a second bacteriocin from <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> ssp. <i>liquefaciens</i> S-48 and its mutant strain B-48-28 (1991)

Enterococcus faecalis ssp. liquefaciens S-48 (producer of the peptide antibiotic AS-48) and its mutant B-48-28 (AS-48-) secrete the bacteriocin Bc-48. This substance has been purified to homogeneity from culture supernatants of strain B-48-28; it consists of a protein (80 kDa) stable from pH. 5.5 to 9.0 and sensitive to temperatures above 45 degrees C and to proteases. Its inhibitory spectrum is restricted to strains of Enterococcus faecalis. Bc-48 inhibits protein synthesis but does not affect amino acid uptake. A partial reduction of cell viability, together with autolysis, is also observed. Bc-48 differs from peptide AS-48 in both its molecular properties and mode of action.
High conversion efficiency mass-limited Sn-based laser plasma source for extreme ultraviolet lithography (2004)

Extreme ultraviolet lithography requires a high-efficiency light source at 13 nm that is free from debris. Our mass-limited Sn-based laser plasma source shows 1.2% conversion efficiency. Emission spectra from the source were obtained to observe the effects of Sn concentration and effects of laser intensity. Debris measurements were analyzed, and an enhanced repeller field configuration shows marked improvement in mitigating debris.
Bulk semiconductor high-speed current waveform generator (1967)

A saturated high-field domain in a Gunn oscillator with high nL product is equivalent to a wall moving with constant velocity, through which constant density of current flows. Consequently, the waveform of a nonuniformly shaped oscillator is the replica of its shape. The characteristic can be applied for high-speed current function generation.
Anti-beta-endorphin immunoglobulin G in humans. (1986)

Human IgG specific for beta-endorphin was identified by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and isolated by affinity chromatography. From a sample of 27 subjects, three individuals with major depression demonstrated plasma IgG highly reactive with human beta-endorphin, while four other subjects (two with depression and two randomly selected blood donors) had intermediate reactivity. The recognition site for beta-endorphin was retained by F(ab')2 fragments.
Intraplaque haemorrhages as the trigger of plaque vulnerability (2011)

Atherothrombosis remains one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the western countries. Human atherothrombotic disease begins early in life in relation to circulating lipid retention in the inner vascular wall. Risk factors enhance the progression towards clinical expression: dyslipidaemia, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, ageing, etc. The evolution from the initial lipid retention in the arterial wall to clinical events is a continuum of increasingly complex biological processes. Current strategies to fight the consequences of atherothrombosis are orientated either towards the promotion of a healthy life style and preventive treatment of risk factors, or towards late interventional strategies. Despite this therapeutic arsenal, the incidence of clinical events remains dramatically high, dependent, at least in part, on the increasing frequency of type 2 diabetes and ageing. But some medical treatments, focusing only on prevention of the metabolic risk, have failed to reduce cardiovascular mortality, thus illustrating that our understanding of the pathophysiology of human atherothrombosis leading to clinical events remain incomplete. New paradigms are now emerging which may give rise to novel experimental strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy and prediction of disease progression. Recent studies strengthen the concept that the intraplaque neovascularization and bleeding (Figure 1, upper panel) are events that could play a major role in plaque progression and leucocyte infiltration, and may also serve as a measure of risk for the development of future events. The recent advances in our understanding of IntraPlaque Hemorrhage as a critical event in triggering acute clinical events have important implications for clinical research and possibly future clinical practice.
Arylation of Halogenated Pyrimidines via a Suzuki Coupling Reaction (2001)

The Suzuki coupling reaction has been used extensively for the synthesis of a wide variety of unsymmetrical biaryl compounds. We have extended this reaction to demonstrate the utility of preparing monophenyl-, diphenyl-, or triphenylpyrimidine depending on the reaction conditions. Further, it has been shown that chloropyrimidine substrates are preferable over iodo-, bromo-, or fluoropyrimidines.
Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Amorphous Silicon Films (1970)

We report measurements on the x-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance (ESR), optical absorption, and electrical conductivity of amorphous Si films. The x-ray diffraction results show there is no long-range ordering of the atoms in amorphous Si independent of the sample's thermal history, while all of the other properties show strong dependences on annealing. The ESR results indicate a large number of microscopic surfaces distributed throughout the amorphous bulk, and lead us to interpret the optical and electrical properties in terms of "building blocks" with linear dimensions between 10 and 15 \AA{}.
Angle Estimation of Simultaneous Orthogonal Rotations from 3D Gyroscope Measurements (2011)

A 3D gyroscope provides measurements of angular velocities around its three intrinsic orthogonal axes, enabling angular orientation estimation. Because the measured angular velocities represent simultaneous rotations, it is not appropriate to consider them sequentially. Rotations in general are not commutative, and each possible rotation sequence has a different resulting angular orientation. None of these angular orientations is the correct simultaneous rotation result. However, every angular orientation can be represented by a single rotation. This paper presents an analytic derivation of the axis and angle of the single rotation equivalent to three simultaneous rotations around orthogonal axes when the measured angular velocities or their proportions are approximately constant. Based on the resulting expressions, a vector called the simultaneous orthogonal rotations angle (SORA) is defined, with components equal to the angles of three simultaneous rotations around coordinate system axes. The orientation and magnitude of this vector are equal to the equivalent single rotation axis and angle, respectively. As long as the orientation of the actual rotation axis is constant, given the SORA, the angular orientation of a rigid body can be calculated in a single step, thus making it possible to avoid computing the iterative infinitesimal rotation approximation. The performed test measurements confirm the validity of the SORA concept. SORA is simple and well-suited for use in the real-time calculation of angular orientation based on angular velocity measurements derived using a gyroscope. Moreover, because of its demonstrated simplicity, SORA can also be used in general angular orientation notation.
Fabrication and Finite Element Analysis of Micro Dents Using μ-Laser Shock Peening (2008)

Laser shock peening (LSP) is an innovative surface treatment developed to improve surface integrity. This study explores the feasibility using LSP to direct-write surface micro dents for lubricant retention. Since LSP is a highly transient process with a pulse duration of 10 – 100 ns, a real time in-situ measurement of laser/material interaction such as transient stresses/strains is challenging. Therefore, a 3D finite element simulation of micro-scale laser shock peening was developed to determine the effect of laser pulse duration and peak pressure on the transient material behaviors of titanium Ti-6Al-4V. The simulated dent geometry is similar to the measured dent geometry in terms of morphology. The results suggested there is an optimal peening time that produces the deepest dent. The maximum transient stress in peening direction occurred at a certain laser pulse time. However, the stress along the depth and radius were drastically affected by the peak pressures.
Remarkable Acceleration for Back-Reaction of a Fast Photochromic Molecule (2010)

We demonstrate that photochromism based on light-driven reversible C−N single bond cleavage can enable rapid coloration upon UV light irradiation and successive fast thermal back-reaction within tens of microseconds at room temperature. According to Marcus theory, the thermal back-reaction would be accelerated with increasing ΔG0, which is closely linked to the decrease in ΔG‡. We have considered that the ΔG0 of the thermal back-reaction could be enlarged by destabilizing the colored species and designed pseudogem-DPI-PI[2.2]PC, with a [2.2]paracyclophane moiety that couples diphenylimidazole and phenanthroimidazole groups. The present study demonstrates that controlling the stability of the biradical state is effective in accelerating the thermal back-reaction for the photochromic [2.2]paracyclophane-bridged imidazole dimer.
The Golden Code: A&lt;tex&gt;$2,times,2$&lt;/tex&gt;Full-Rate Space–Time Code With Nonvanishing Determinants (2005)

In this paper, the Golden code for a 2/spl times/2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is presented. This is a full-rate 2/spl times/2 linear dispersion algebraic space-time code with unprecedented performance based on the Golden number 1+/spl radic/5/2.
Electrochemical Properties of Nanocrystalline Cadmium Stannate Films (2001)

Electrochemical properties of sol-gel nanocrystalline cadmium tin oxide electrodes (CTO) were investigated in 0.2 M potassium chloride buffered at pH 7.4 with phosphate. Films were found to be n-type degenerate semiconductors with charge carrier levels from to depending on the thermal aftertreatment. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to reveal the appearance of the cubic cadmium stannate phase at annealing temperatures above 600°C, and to indicate the extent of this dominant phase above 750°C. The flatband potential of the film electrodes, as determined from capacitance measurements, was found to be around +0.25 V at pH 7.4. Electrochemical activity toward ten redox processes in the range V was investigated, and standard electron transfer rate constants were estimated from ac impedance measurements. The dominant factor in the charge-transfer rate on CTO electrodes is the bulk film charge carrier concentration. It was found that the charge-transfer rates were dependent on the separation of the redox carrier formal potential from the CTO flatband potential. The slowest rates cm were found for redox couples where For charge transfer from redox couples where is away from the rates can be several orders of magnitude greater and it is thought that the density of states in the conduction band is rate limiting. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Interaction Between Cells and Elastin, the Elastin-receptor (1999)

This article dedicated to Ines Mandl at her 80th birthday is a short review of the recent work of our team on the elastin receptor. Our studies started in the early nineteen eighties aimed at the understanding of cell-elastin interactions. The first experiments reviewed demonstrated the inducible interaction of cells - smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts - with elastic fibers. Their strong adhesion was accelerated and amplified by elastin peptides and cell adhesion to elastin needed protein neosynthesis. The demonstration of the presence of the elastin receptor on leukocytes facilitated the detailed description of the transmission pathway from receptor to the intracellular sites activated by the receptor: modifications of ion fluxes, increase of elastase production and excretion of reactive oxygen species, superoxide and NO°. The calcium transients triggered by elastin peptides acting on the receptor decrease with age, the receptor appears to be uncoupled from the G-proteins, but superoxide release is increased. As circulating blood was shown to contain elastin peptides at concentrations saturating for the receptor (μg/ml conc-s for a Kd in the nanomolar range), the receptor on cells in contact with excess agonists is constantly overstimulated. The continuous release of lytic enzymes and free radicals might well be involved in cell damage. This was demonstrated with human lymphocytes undergoing cell death by necrosis and apoptosis in presence of higher concentrations of elastin peptides.
Cutting Edge: Thymocyte-Independent and Thymocyte-Dependent Phases of Epithelial Patterning in the Fetal Thymus (2002)

Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) in adult mice have been classified into distinct subsets based on keratin expression profiles. To explore the emergence of TEC subsets during ontogeny, we analyzed keratin 8 and keratin 5 expression at several stages of fetal development in normal C57BL/6J mice. In addition, thymic epithelial development and compartmentalization were explored in recombination-activating gene 2/common cytokine receptor gamma-chain-deficient and Ikaros-null mice that sustain early and profound blocks in thymocyte differentiation. The results demonstrate that initial patterning of the thymic epithelial compartment as defined by differential keratin expression does not depend on inductive signals from hematopoietic cells. However, thymocyte-derived signals are required during late fetal stages for continued development and maintenance of TEC subsets in the neonate and adult.
A CMOS Imager for Time-of-Flight and Photon Counting Based on Single Photon Avalanche Diodes and In-Pixel Time-to-Digital Converters (2014)

The design of a CMOS image sensor based on single-photon\navalanche-diode (SPAD) array with in-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) is\npresented. The architecture of the imager is thoroughly described with emphasis\non the characterization of the TDCs array. It is targeted for 3D image\nreconstruction. Several techniques as fast quenching/recharge circuit with tunable\ndead-time and time gated-operation are applied to reduce the noise and\nthe power consumption. The chip was fabricated in a 0.18 m standard CMOS\nprocess and implements a double functionality: time-of-flight (ToF) estimation\nand photon counting. The imager features a programmable time resolution of\nthe array of TDCs down to 145 ps. The measured accuracy of the minimum\ntime bin is lower than 1LSB DNL and 1.7 LSB INL. The TDC jitter over\nthe full dynamic range is less than 1 LSB.
[Cloning and expression analysis of Sirt2 in HEK293 cells]. (2009)

The eukaryotic expression vector of Sirt2 has been successfully constructed, which will provide a useful tool for designing an in-depth investigation of the role of Sirt2.
Laser soft palate “stiffening”: An alternative to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty* (2002)

Laser stiffening of soft palate is simple, safe and effective for reduction of length and fluttering of the soft palate in the canine model. Clinical studies are warranted to evaluate its efficacy as an office treatment for snoring.
Comparing landmarking methods for face recognition (2005)

Abstract—Good registration (alignment to a reference) is essential for accurate face recognition. We use the locations of facial features (eyes, nose, mouth, etc) as landmarks for registration. Two landmarking methods are explored and compared: (1) the Most Likely-Landmark Locator (MLLL), based on maximizing the likelihood ratio [1], and (2) Viola-Jones detection [2]. Further, a landmark-correction method based on projection into a subspace is introduced. Both landmarking methods have been trained on the landmarked images in the BioID database [3]. The MLLL has been trained for locating 17 landmarks and the Viola-Jones method for 5 landmarks. The localization error and effects on the equal-error rate (EER) have been measured. In these experiments ground- truth data has been used as a reference. The results are described as follows: 1. The localization errors obtained on the FRGC database are 4.2, 8.6 and 4.6 pixels for the Viola-Jones, the MLLL, and the MLLL after landmark correction, respectively. The inter-eye distance of the reference face is 100 pixels. The MLLL with landmark correction scores best in the verifica-tion experiment. 2. Using more landmarks decreases the average localization error and the EER.
Evaluation of a Constraint-Based Tutor for a Database Language (1999)

We propose a novel approach to intelligent tutoring in which feedback messages are\nassociated with constraints on correct problem solution. The knowledge state of the student is represented by the constraints that he or she does and does not violate during problem solving. Constraint-based tutoring has been implemented in SQL-Tutor, an intelligent tutoring system for teaching the database query language SQL. Empirical evaluation shows that (a) students find the system easy to use, and (b) they do better on a subsequent classroom examination than peers without experience with the system. Furthermore, learning curves are smooth when plotted in terms of individual constraints, supporting the psychological appropriateness of the constraint construct.
Ruthenium-catalysed transfer hydrogenation of imines by propan-2-ol (1992)

G.-Z. Wang and Jan-E. Bäckvall, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 980 DOI: 10.1039/C39920000980
Cooperative Suction by Vertical Capillary Array Pump for Controlling Flow Profiles of Microfluidic Sensor Chips (2012)

A passive pump consisting of integrated vertical capillaries has been developed for a microfluidic chip as an useful component with an excellent flow volume and flow rate. A fluidic chip built into a passive pump was used by connecting the bottoms of all the capillaries to a top surface consisting of a thin layer channel in the microfluidic chip where the thin layer channel depth was smaller than the capillary radius. As a result the vertical capillaries drew fluid cooperatively rather than independently, thus exerting the maximum suction efficiency at every instance. This meant that a flow rate was realized that exhibited little variation and without any external power or operation. A microfluidic chip built into this passive pump had the ability to achieve a quasi-steady rather than a rapidly decreasing flow rate, which is a universal flow characteristic in an ordinary capillary.
Grasp recognition in virtual reality for robot pregrasp planning by demonstration (2006)

This paper describes a virtual reality based programming by demonstration system for grasp recognition in manipulation tasks and robot pregrasp planning. The system classifies the human hand postures taking advantage of virtual grasping and information about the contact points and normals computed in the virtual reality environment. A pregrasp planning algorithm mimicking the human hand motion is also proposed. Reconstruction of human hand trajectories, approaching the objects in the environment, is based on NURBS curves and a data smoothing algorithm. Some experiments involving grasp classification and pregrasp planning, while avoiding obstacles in the workspace, show the viability and effectiveness of the approach
A Novel Piconet Coordinator Selection Method for IEEE802.15.3-Based WPAN (2005)

Abstract- Power awareness is an essential component of wireless personal area networks (WPANs), due to the limited energy stored in battery-operated equipment. Moreover, a WPAN has to deal with coexistence problems, since it may simultaneously operate over many types of network. Especially, when UWB, which is a candidate PHY technology for IEEE802.15.3-based WPANs, is applied, decreasing the transmission power is necessary to meet the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation and diminish interference to other communication systems. In a WPAN, the Piconet coordinator (PNC) acts as an important role for central controller of the whole Piconet. As specified in the standard, IEEE802.15.3, the most capable device in a Piconet could be dynamically selected as the PNC in terms of the capacity of devices. However, the standard does not explicitly define the capacity function. In this paper, a novel PNC selection method, named Least Distance Square PNC (LDS-PNC) selection for IEEE 802.15.3-based WPANs is proposed. Using the proposed selection method, the transmission power can be lessened, and the interference area introduced by PNCs can be diminished as well. The simulation results show that it has power-saving and interference mitigation characteristics.
A randomized controlled trial of perioperative administration of pregabalin for pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy (2007)

Pregabalin has anticonvulsant, antihyperalgesic, and anxiolytic properties. In this study we evaluated the control of pain after perioperative administration of pregabalin 300 or 600 mg, compared with diazepam 10mg. Altogether 91 women scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomized to receive diazepam 10mg (D10), pregabalin 150 mg (P300) or 300 mg (P600) for premedication, and the dose was repeated after 12h, except for the D10 group, in which the patients received placebo. Up until the 1st postoperative morning, analgesia was provided by oxycodone using patient controlled analgesia. The visual analogue scale scores for pain and side effects, and the amounts of the analgesics were recorded for three days after surgery. The doses of oxycodone during hours 0-12 after surgery were similar in the three groups, whereas the dose of oxycodone during hours 12-24 after surgery was smaller in the P600 group than in the P300 group (0.09 vs. 0.16 mg kg(-1); P=0.025). The total dose of oxycodone (0-24h after surgery) was smaller in the P600 group than in the D10 group (0.34 vs. 0.45 mg kg(-1); P=0.046). The incidence of dizziness (70% vs. 35%; P=0.012), blurred vision (63% vs. 14%; P=0.002) and headache (31% vs. 7%; P=0.041) were higher in the P600 group than in the D10 group. In conclusion, perioperative administration of pregabalin 600 mg decreases oxycodone consumption compared with diazepam 10mg, but is associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects.