gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metastasis-associated C4.4A, a GPI-anchored protein cleaved by ADAM10 and ADAM17 (2008)

Metalloproteases play a complex role in tumor progression. While the activity of some ADAM, ADAMTS and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) seems to be protumorigenic, the activity of others seems to prevent tumor progression. The identification of the array of substrates of a given metalloprotease (degradome) seems an adequate approach to predict the effect of the inhibition of a metalloprotease in tumors. Here, we present the proteomic identification of a novel substrate for ADAM10 and -17. We used SILAC (Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture), a proteomic technique based on the differential metabolic labeling of cells in different conditions. This was applied to MCF7 cells derived from an invasive mammary tumor, and the same cells expressing shRNAs that knock down ADAM10 or -17. Following this approach, we have identified C4.4A as a substrate to both metalloproteases. Since C4.4A is likely involved in tumor invasion, these results indicate that the cleavage of C4.4A by ADAM10 and ADAM17 contributes to tumor progression.
Reductive deoxygenation of aryl aldehydes and ketones and benzylic, allylic, and tertiary alcohols by zinc iodide-sodium cyanoborohydride (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReductive deoxygenation of aryl aldehydes and ketones and benzylic, allylic, and tertiary alcohols by zinc iodide-sodium cyanoborohydrideC. K. Lau, Claude Dufresne, Patrice C. Belanger, Sylvie Pietre, and John ScheigetzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 15, 3038–3043Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00365a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00365a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3563Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of the extremum stack to neurological MRI (1998)

The extremum stack, as proposed by Koenderink, is a multiresolution image description and segmentation scheme which examines intensity extrema (minima and maxima) as they move and merge through a series of progressively isotropically diffused images known as scale space. Such a data-driven approach is attractive because it is claimed to be a generally applicable and natural method of image segmentation. The performance of the extremum stack is evaluated here using the case of neurological magnetic resonance imaging data as a specific example, and means of improving its performance proposed. It is confirmed experimentally that the extremum stack has the desirable property of being shift-, scale-, and rotation-invariant, and produces natural results for many compact regions of anatomy. It handles elongated objects poorly, however, and subsections of regions may merge prematurely before each region is represented as a single node. It is shown that this premature merging can often be avoided by the application of either a variable conductance-diffusing preprocessing step, or more effectively, the use of an adaptive variable conductance diffusion method within the extremum stack itself in place of the isotropic Gaussian diffusion proposed by Koenderink.
Spatiotemporal structure of cell fate decisions in murine neural crest (2019)

Neural crest cells are embryonic progenitors that generate numerous cell types in vertebrates. With single-cell analysis, we show that mouse trunk neural crest cells become biased toward neuronal lineages when they delaminate from the neural tube, whereas cranial neural crest cells acquire ectomesenchyme potential dependent on activation of the transcription factor <i>Twist1.</i> The choices that neural crest cells make to become sensory, glial, autonomic, or mesenchymal cells can be formalized as a series of sequential binary decisions. Each branch of the decision tree involves initial coactivation of bipotential properties followed by gradual shifts toward commitment. Competing fate programs are coactivated before cells acquire fate-specific phenotypic traits. Determination of a specific fate is achieved by increased synchronization of relevant programs and concurrent repression of competing fate programs.
Numeric Query Answering on the Web (2011)

Query answering usually assumes that the asker is looking for a single correct answer to the question. When retrieving a textual answer this is often the case, but when searching for numeric answers, there are additional considerations. In particular, numbers often have units associated with them, and the asker may not care whether the raw answer is in feet or meters. Also, numbers usually denote a precision. In a few cases, the precision may be explicit, but normally, there is an implied precision associated with every number. Finally, an association between different reliability levels to different sources can be made. In this paper, the authors experimentally show that, in the context of conflicting answers from multiple sources, numeric query accuracy can be improved by taking advantage of units, precision, and the reliability of sources.
Women on Wall Street: Despite Diversity Measures, Wall Street Remains Vulnerable to Sex Discrimination Charges (2007)

Executive Overview Shaken by sexual harassment charges and costly lawsuits, Wall Street in the late 1990s saw a real shift away from its “old boy network” past – at least on paper anyway. In response to sexual harassment suits, many firms on Wall Street implemented strict sexual harassment policies, and even family friendly work-life balance policies. Unfortunately, the lawsuits have continued, prompting many to wonder why Wall Street continues to be so hostile to anyone other than white males. In a research study conducted in 1998 and 1999 with 76 men and women working on Wall Street, I found a number of reasons why change has been so slow in the making.
Stretch reflex inhibition using electrical stimulation in normal subjects and subjects with spasticity (1991)

The effect of electrically stimulating the tibialis anterior muscle on the stretch reflex of the soleus muscle in normal subjects and subjects with spasticity is investigated. Stimulation of the tibialis anterior just prior to the onset of a mechanical disturbance, which causes a stretch in the soleus, inhibits the stretch reflex of the soleus in normal subjects and may inhibit clonus in subjects with spasticity.
Application of a Neural Network for the Optimization of Tire Design (1999)

Abstract When there are multiple peaks in the design space, it is difficult to obtain the global optimum by mathematical programming. The procedure to obtain the pseudo‐global optimum in the multiple‐peak problem is to select the best solution from many local optimums starting from different initial values. However, this approach requires large computer resources and has difficulty in obtaining the pseudo‐optimum in a problem with many peaks, due to the complicated design space. We propose more efficient and robust optimization procedures for the multiple‐peak problem. In this approach, a neural network is applied for the approximation of the design space by learning the data when design variables are systematically changed, by employing a design of experiments. Since the neural network can approximate the nonlinear space, it can be applied for the approximation of the complicated design space. Moreover, since the number of analyses is determined by the design of experiments, it is much smaller than that of the mathematical programming. Hence the CPU time for optimization can be decreased by the proposed method. The proposed method is applied to the optimization of tire contact performance and is verified to be effective to improve the handling and wear of a tire.
Extremely low inductance thin-film single-pole head on flying slider (1998)

A novel single-pole head on a flying slider is presented as a high frequency writing head. The main pole of the head is driven with three thin-film conductor layers to have a short magnetic circuit path. Thus, a low inductance of around 10 nH and a high writing sensitivity of less than 0.03 AT/sub pp/ is obtained. The writing field distribution is shown to be the same as a regular single-pole head by computer simulations. The recording performance of the head is examined and the high writing sensitivity is demonstrated.
Information Privacy Research: an Interdisciplinary Review1 (2011)

To date, many important threads of information privacy research have developed, but these threads have not been woven together into a cohesive fabric. This paper provides an interdisciplinary review of privacy-related research in order to enable a more cohesive treatment. With a sample of 320 privacy articles and 128 books and book sections, we classify previous literature in two ways: (1) using an ethics-based nomenclature of normative, purely descriptive, and empirically descriptive, and (2) based on their level of analysis: individual, group, organizational, and societal. Based upon our analyses via these two classification approaches, we identify three major areas in which previous research contributions reside: the conceptualization of information privacy, the relationship between information privacy and other constructs, and the contextual nature of these relationships. As we consider these major areas, we draw three overarching conclusions. First, there are many theoretical developments in the body of normative and purely descriptive studies that have not been addressed in empirical research on privacy. Rigorous studies that either trace processes associated with, or test implied assertions from, these value-laden arguments could add great value. Second, some of the levels of analysis have received less attention in certain contexts than have others in the research to date. Future empirical studies—both positivist and interpretive—could profitably be targeted to these under-researched levels of analysis. Third, positivist empirical studies will add the greatest value if they focus on antecedents to privacy concerns and on actual outcomes. In that light, we recommend that researchers be alert to an overarching macro model that we term APCO (Antecedents → Privacy Concerns → Outcomes).
Plasma 5‐hydroxytryptamine constricts equine digital blood vessels <i>in vitro</i> : implications for pathogenesis of acute laminitis (1998)

Cumulative concentration response curves to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10(-10)-10(-4) mol/l) were constructed using isolated rings of equine digital, facial, tail and coronary arteries (endothelium intact). 5-HT was 17.7 and 41 times more potent as a vasoconstrictor of digital arteries than facial and tail arteries respectively. Removal of the endothelium increased the vasoconstrictor potency of 5-HT in the facial artery by 3.7-fold (P<0.05) but did not alter the sensitivity of digital arteries to 5-HT. Coronary arteries failed to contract to 5-HT. Coronary arteries pre-contracted with U44069 showed concentration dependent relaxation to 5-HT, a response which was partially dependent on the presence of the endothelium. No vasorelaxant effects were found in the digital or facial arteries. The concentration of 5-HT in platelet poor and platelet rich equine plasma was found to be 6.70+/-1.1 x 10(-8) mol/l and 1.77+/-0.36 x 10(-6) mol/l (mean +/-s.e.) respectively by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Plasma which contained no detectable platelets had a 5-HT concentration of 1.12+/-0.48 x 10(-8) mol/l. Isolated digital arteries constricted when exposed to dilutions of platelet poor and platelet depleted equine plasma. These plasma induced contractions were almost completely inhibited by 5-HT receptor antagonists, ketanserin and methiothepin. The change in isometric tension in rings of equine digital artery in vitro was therefore used as a bioassay for plasma 5-HT and the results obtained by this method showed an excellent correlation (r2 = 97.2%, P<0.001) with the concentration estimated by HPLC. Circulating free concentrations of 5-HT in normal horses may be sufficient to constrict digital blood vessels partially in vivo but are well below the threshold for contraction of other peripheral blood vessels examined.
A Proposal for a New High-Definition NTSC Broadcast Protocol (1987)

This paper describes a new process referred to as HD- NTSC. This signal has all the appearances of a conventional NTSC signal, and can be edited, stored, transmitted, and received by conventional NTSC equipment. A receiver constructed to interpret the HD- NTSC protocol will be able to build an HD-NTSC image having substantially improved resolution in both the vertical and horizontal axes for those parts of the image that are nearly stationary over time. Those parts of the image exhibiting motion will show resolution equivalent to a conventional top-quality NTSC picture. The HD- NTSC receiver will also display the image at 60 frames per second, eliminating most interlace and flicker defects. An optional technique widens the image aspect ratio and creates bandwidth within the original NTSC standard large enough to transmit a digitally-encoded stereo audio signal to match the improved visual characteristics.
Methods for Capturing, Marking, and Estimating Survival of Northern Bobwhite Chicks (Poster Abstract) (2017)

Lack of techniques to capture, mark, and observe chicks from hatch to fall has hindered our ability to understand this critical life stage of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and other galliforms. We present 2 methods for capturing wild, free-ranging northern bobwhite chicks associated with a radiomarked adult and demonstrate application of capture-recapture estimators. Both capture techniques involve monitoring radiomarked adults, locating nests, determining date of hatch, and then locating roosting adults with broods prior to sunrise during the pre-flight period (1–12 days post-hatch). The first technique involves erecting a temporary circular fence around the roosting radio-marked bird and brood, securing the edges with dirt, and systematically clearing all vegetation and ground debris until chicks are captured. The second technique involves placing a temporary fence in a ‘‘V’’ formation with a small mesh funnel trap placed at the apex. Birds are then ‘‘corralled’’ into the funnel trap. We used both methods during the breeding seasons of 1997–99. Overall, we captured 762 chicks from 137 broods. Of 131 capture attempts using the ring method, 18.3% (n = 24) were complete failures, 13.7% (n = 18) resulted in partial capture, whereas 68% (n = 89) resulted in complete capture. Using the funnel method, 22.2% (n = 2) of attempts were complete failures, 22.2% (n = 2) resulted in partial captures, and 55.6% (n = 5) resulted in complete brood capture. Captured chicks can be permanently and uniquely marked using monel patagial wing bands. We demonstrate application of capture-recapture models in program MARK to estimate chick survival from hatch to recruitment in the fall population (Oct 1).
Scanning transmission electron microscopy with the Cambridge Stereoscan Mk II (1969)

The construction of a simple detector enabling the Stereoscan Mk II to be operated as a scanning transmission electron microscope is described. Using the microscope in this transmissive mode, sections of biological materials have been satisfactorily studied at resolving powers of 9 nm and better.
Edificio de seguros, en Tokio, Japón (1969)

Comprende el conjunto construido por la Daiichi Mutual Life Insurance Company: el edificio de oficinas, ubicado en una torre que constituye el corazón del complejo; una edificación destinada a salón-comedor; 40 viviendas unifamiliares; 22 edificaciones dedicadas a vivienda, con 18 apartamentos familiares cada una; una unidad de 8 plantas de altura, con habitaciones para solteros; y la zona deportiva-recreativa, con una serie de instalaciones: club, campo de fútbol, piscina, pistas de tenis, etc. La torre de oficinas, que consta de sótanos y 18 plantas de altura, alberga en sus 2 plantas de sótanos: los almacenes, salas de máquinas, salas de control para los servicios del edificio, etc.; en las plantas 1.ª a 4.ª se distribuyen: la zona de recepción, centro de elaboración de datos, dispensario, sala de conferencias, etc.; y las plantas 5.ª a 18.ª contienen: las oficinas, dirección, secciones ejecutivas, salas de conferencias, etc. El edificio está dotado de todos los adelantos técnicos que proporciona el momento actual.
Permanent-magnet linear actuator for static and reciprocating short-stroke electromechanical systems (2001)

With the rapid progress in permanent-magnet technology, through the use of high-energy-density rare-earth materials a range of compact and high-performance linear actuators is now available. The paper presents simulated and experimental results from an investigation into the performance of such a device, in which the internal operating conditions are first modeled using a finite-element approach. Information obtained from this investigation is used, together with equations for both the electrical circuit and the mechanical motion, to enable both the static and the dynamic characteristics to be predicted. The most significant parameters affecting the performance of the actuator are identified, and an optimized design is produced.
Object Database Standard: ODMG-93, Release 1.2 (1994)

From the Publisher:
This book represents an important industry consensus on component technology for database products and languages, which enables wide acceptance and adoption of object database technology. ODMG-93, the Object Database Standard, is the result of several years' work in defining a standard for object database management systems, including both data model and language standards. Each author is a technical representative of the Object Database Management Group (ODMG), a consortium of object-oriented database companies whose goals is to establish agreement for object-oriented database technology industry-wide.
Inhibitory Activity of Stilbenes from Medicinal Plants on the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules on THP1 Cells (2000)

The inhibitory activity of stilbenes isolated from medicinal plants on cell adhesion molecules on the surface of THP-1 human monocytic cell lines was investigated. Among ten stilbenes tested, four stilbenes displayed a significant inhibitory activity on the expression of both intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). A cell-to-cell adhesion assay showed that 3,5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxystilbene and 2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside as well as resveratrol blocked significantly TNF-alpha-inducing cell-cell adhesion between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and THP-1 cells.
Combining Monitors for Runtime System Verification (2002)

Runtime verification permits checking system properties that cannot be fully verified off-line. This is particularly true when the system includes complex third-party components, such as general-purpose operating systems and software libraries, and when the properties of interest include security and performance. The challenge is to find reliable ways to monitor these properties in realistic systems. In particular, it is important to have assurance that violations will be reported when they actually occur. For instance, a monitor may not detect a security violation if the violation results from a series of system events that are not in its model. We describe how combining runtime monitors for diverse features such as memory management, security-related events, performance data, and higher-level temporal properties can result in more effective runtime verification. After discussing some basic notions for combining and relating monitors, we illustrate their application in an intrusion-tolerant Web server architecture under development at SRI.
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Temporomandibular Joint-MR and CT Features (1998)

A case of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the left temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is described. This 22-year-old male had frequent left preauricular pain and swelling for 2 years. Panoramic radiograph showed extensive destruction of the left glenoid fossa. Computed tomography revealed a mass in the TMJ region which extended to the infratemporal fossa and lateral aspect of the left mandibular condyle. Widening of the joint space and erosion of the glenoid fossa were also noted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a TMJ surface coil showed a mass occupying the left TMJ with both intraarticular and extraarticular extensions. The mass showed mixed low and high signal intensities (SI) on T1-weighted (T1WI) and T2WI images. Multiple areas of dark SI were seen in the mass on all pulse sequences indicating hemosiderin deposition. A preoperative diagnosis of PVNS was correctly made. PVNS involving the TMJ is rarely encountered. To the best of our knowledge, while 21 such cases have been reported in the English literature, only 2 of them were examined with MRI using a standard head coil. This is the first reported case to undergo preoperative MRI study with a TMJ coil. MRI using a TMJ coil made the preoperative diagnosis of PVNS possible and was of great help in the evaluation of the lesion extension and surgical planning.
Plasmas for Photovoltaics & Energy Applications (2011)

We have challengingly developed a new fabrication method of the silicon quantum dot solar cell by using hyperthermal neutral beams which are neutral beams with an energy range of 1 ~ 100 eV and very effective tools for thin film deposition at much lower substrate temperature without plasma-induced damages. The hyperthermal neutral beams can be effectively applied to each fabrication step of the silicon quantum dot solar cells: Deposition of a silicon thin film consisting of nano-crystal silicon and amorphous silicon matrix, then selective etching of the amorphous silicon matrix by keeping only nano-crystal silicon remained in order to obtain the silicon quantum dots, thereafter dielectric barrier coating on the silicon quantum dot surface, and then repetition of the procedure until a required thickness achieved. We also have developed a steam plasma torch driven by microwave powers of 2.45 GHz and 915 MHz for effective gasification of various hydrocarbon materials and even low grade coals which can be hardly gasified by conventional thermal gasification methods since the steam plasma torch can produce much more abundant reaction catalysts such as O*, H*, OH*, H2O2, and O3 than the thermal gasification methods. And, furthermore, the microwave plasma torch has a great advantage of the system life time compared to conventional arc plasma torches for which metallic electrodes are inevitable and thus easily eroded by the reaction catalysts produced for the coal gasification.