gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Voltage control of PV inverter connected to unbalanced distribution system (2019)

Distribution system possesses high resistance to reactance ratio and unbalanced load profile. Introduction of power electronic devices such as solar photovoltaic (PV) inverter in the distribution system leads to power imbalance and unregulated voltage profile at the point of common coupling (PCC) because these devices having low‐voltage ride through feature remain connected to grid during fault and inject balanced current to unbalanced fault. Also, high PV integration may increase the voltage at PCC beyond its desired limit. To overcome such unbalanced conditions and to maintain voltage at PCC, a positive, negative and zero sequence‐based current controller with reactive power compensation is proposed in this work. The sequence controller controls the sequence currents to their reference command. DC‐link voltage regulator, reactive power compensator and PCC voltage regulator decide the references for sequence currents. The proposed reactive power compensator uses both positive sequence voltage at PCC and reactive power supplied by the filter capacitor to generate the reactive power reference value. Feedforward and feedback actions are involved in the controller to produce switching pulses for inverter. The proposed method is tested in OPAL‐RT for real‐time validation using IEEE 13 bus distribution system model and found to be accurate.
A survey of multimedia streaming in wireless sensor networks (2008)

A wireless sensor network with multimedia capabilities typically consists of data sensor nodes, which sense, for instance, sound or motion, and video sensor nodes, which capture video of events of interest. In this survey, we focus on the video encoding at the video sensors and the real-time transport of the encoded video to a base station. Real-time video streams have stringent requirements for end-to-end delay and loss during network transport. In this survey, we categorize the requirements of multimedia traffic at each layer of the network protocol stack and further classify the mechanisms that have been proposed for multimedia streaming in wireless sensor networks at each layer of the stack. Specifically, we consider the mechanisms operating at the application, transport, network, and MAC layers. We also review existing cross-layer approaches and propose a few possible cross-layer solutions to optimize the performance of a given wireless sensor network for multimedia streaming applications.
In situ dissolution analysis using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and hyperspectral CARS microscopy (2013)

The solid-state form of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in an oral dosage form plays an important role in determining the dissolution rate of the API. As the solid-state form can change during dissolution, there is a need to monitor the oral dosage form during dissolution testing. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy provides rapid, spectrally selective imaging to monitor the oral dosage form during dissolution. In this study, in situ CARS microscopy was combined with inline UV absorption spectroscopy to monitor the solid-state change in oral dosage forms containing theophylline anhydrate undergoing dissolution and to correlate the solid-state change with a change in dissolution rate. The results from in situ CARS microscopy showed that theophylline anhydrate converted to theophylline monohydrate during dissolution resulting in a reduction in the dissolution rate. The addition of methyl cellulose to the dissolution medium was found to delay the theophylline monohydrate growth and changed the morphology of the monohydrate. The net effect was an increased dissolution rate for theophylline anhydrate. Our results show that in situ CARS microscopy combined with inline UV absorption spectroscopy is capable of monitoring oral dosage forms undergoing dissolution and correlating changes in solid-state form with changes in dissolution rate.
Design of an Automated Malware Analysis System (2010)

Malware, malicious software written for the purpose of causing computer-related damage, has existed for many years. Only recently have the monetary advantages of perpetrating malware begun to gain interest from increasingly malicious groups. Industry and law enforcement have a difficult and time-consuming job to do with respect to investigating computer-based crimes. The Malware Research Team (MRT) at Purdue University has helped the Indianapolis branch of the FBI locate malware in dozens of computer crime cases, and analyzed that malware using documented and approved standard operating procedures. An ever-increasing number of cases and time constraints have forced the MRT to look for faster, automated methods for malware analysis. This paper explains the limitations of the current process, the design goals of the MRT and details the design of a system that meets these goals. Using a systems development approach, the existing problems and key features of the new system are documented, and use cases, objectives, functional requirements, and logical and physical architectures are described in depth.
Use of almond shell and almond hull as substrates for sweet pepper cultivation. Effects on fruit yield and mineral content (2013)

The use of almond by products as substrate in greenhouses for growing vegetables has a great economic interest. The objective of this work was to assess the use of two almond by-products (almond shell-AS and almond hull-AH), which had been previously conditioned without composting, as substrates for pepper (cv. Caprino F1) production and to study their effects on the yield, fruit size, and fruit mineral content. Physical, physico-chemical, and chemical characteristics of the almond by-products were determined both initially and during the pepper growing season. Initially, all values of the parameters studied ― except sulfur and iron ― differed significantly between the two substrates. During cultivation, the 18 substrate parameters and variables tested - except bulk density - exhibited significant variations with time for AS; the same occurred for AH, exceptions being pH, total nitrogen Nt, N-NH4, bulk density, and manganese. The changes in both substrates for the K, N, and S concentrations were significant. The nutrient levels in AH were higher than for AS. The almond shell and almond hull substrates produced slight decreases in total fruit yield with respect to the control (0.79 and 3.22 for AS and AH, respectively), with a lesser decrease for AS, due to reductions in the number of fruits per plant rather than to reductions in individual fruit weight. The plants grown on the AS and AH substrates showed a decrease in total fruit yield, due to reductions in the number of fruits per plant rather than reductions in individual fruit weight.
Credit scoring and reject inference with mixture models (2000)

Reject inference is the process of estimating the risk of defaulting for loan applicants that are rejected under the current acceptance policy. We propose a new reject inference method based on mixture modeling, that allows the meaningful inclusion of the rejects in the estimation process. We describe how such a model can be estimated using the EM-algorithm. An experimental study shows that inclusion of the rejects can lead to a substantial improvement of the resulting classification rule. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production Of Carbon Nanotubes By Iron Catalyst (2011)

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with their high mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical properties are regarded as promising materials for many different potential applications. Having unique properties they can be used in a wide range of fields such as electronic devices, electrodes, drug delivery systems, hydrogen storage, textile etc. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is a common method for CNT production especially for mass production. Catalysts impregnated on a suitable substrate are important for production with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Iron catalyst and MgO substrate is one of most common catalyst-substrate combination used for CNT. In this study, CNTs were produced by CCVD of acetylene (C2H2) on magnesium oxide (MgO) powder substrate impregnated by iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)3•9H2O) solution. The CNT synthesis conditions were as follows: at synthesis temperatures of 500 and 800°C multiwall and single wall CNTs were produced respectively. Iron (Fe) catalysts were prepared by with Fe:MgO ratio of 1:100, 5:100 and 10:100. The duration of syntheses were 30 and 60 minutes for all temperatures and catalyst percentages. The synthesized materials were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy.
Role of urate, xanthine oxidase and the effects of allopurinol in vascular oxidative stress (2009)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction. The two major systems generating vascular oxidative stress are the NADPH oxidase and the xanthine oxidase pathways. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, has been in clinical use for over 40 years in the treatment of chronic gout. Allopurinol has also been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction, reduce oxidative stress burden and improve myocardial efficiency by reducing oxygen consumption in smaller mechanistic studies involving various cohorts at risk of cardiovascular events. This article aims to explain the role of xanthine oxidase in vascular oxidative stress and to explore the mechanisms by which allopurinol is thought to improve vascular and myocardial indices.
On quantifying the bipolarity and axis of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test. (1987)

A simple method is introduced for analyzing error score distributions from the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test. The method involves fitting a sine wave directly to the error distribution, and produces estimates of three parameters that characterize the severity of the defect, the degree of bipolarity, and the orientation of the axis of bipolarity, if one is present. The method produces good estimates of the orientation of the axes for congenital defects. It is also amenable to statistical analysis.
Polysulfone and Mesoporous Molecular Sieve MCM-48 Mixed Matrix Membranes for Gas Separation (2006)

A mesoporous MCM-48 silica was synthesized by a templating method and mixed with polysulfone (PSF) to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Helium permeation data and SEM images of as-synthesized MCM-48/PSF MMMs suggest that MCM-48 silica particles adhered well to the PSF matrix and that the MMMs were defect free. Gas permeation tests indicated that the increases in permeability resulted from increases in solubility as well as diffusivity. The increases in transport properties for all tested gases make mesoporous MCM-48 silica an attractive additive for enhancing the gas permeability of MMMs without sacrificing selectivity.
Smart base stations for "dumb" time-division duplex terminals (1999)

Users of mobile IT systems are calling for ever higher data rates, but such mobile radios are subject to multipath fading and intersymbol interference, often calling for complex equalizers at both ends of each link. Where the links are of short range, they often use time-division duplex. This article demonstrates how this option permits much of the complexity of channel matching and equalization to be transferred from post-processing at the many sparsely used mobile terminals to a few intensively used preprocessors at the base station or central hub.
Management Games (1965)

Management games are used in management training to give participants a chance to make decisions and undergo experiences not usually available to them in the real world. Participants are asked to fill a role in the organization which requires them to make decisions and exercise particular skills. The games allow for the telescoping of time, the avoidance of the financial risk associated with real‐life decisions and provide opportunities for participants to measure their own performance against those of their peers from other organizations. The “in‐basket” technique, which comprises a number of business papers upon which the administrator must base his decisions, is a refinement of the game. In the Institute of Administration at the University of New South Wales management games are used as teaching aids to supplement other techniques of management training.
Region specific enhancement of quantum dot emission using interleaved two-dimensional photonic crystals (2015)

The power efficiency, spectral characteristics, and output directionality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) used for lighting and video display may be tailored by integrating nanostructures that interact with photon emitters. In this work, we demonstrate an approach in which visible-wavelength-emitting quantum dots (QDs) are integrated within a polymer-based photonic crystal (PC) and excited by an ultraviolet-emitting LED. The PC design incorporates two interleaved regions, each with distinct periods in orthogonal directions. The structure enables simultaneous resonant coupling of ultraviolet excitation photons to the QDs and visible QD emission at two different wavelengths to efficiently extract photons normal to the PC surface. The combined excitation and extraction enhancements result in a 5.8X increase in the QD output intensity. Further, we demonstrate multiple QD-doped PCs combined on a single surface to optimally couple with distinct populations of QDs, offering a means for blending color output and directionality of multiple wavelengths. Devices are fabricated upon flexible plastic surfaces by a manufacturable replica molding approach.
CONTACT-INHIBITED REVERTANT CELL LINES ISOLATED FROM SV40-TRANSFORMED CELLS (1971)

Two contact-inhibited "revertant" cell lines were isolated from an SV40-transformed mouse 3T3 cell line (SV-3T3) after exposure to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine. Revertant cells resembled 3T3 cells morphologically and grew to saturation densities which were similar to those of 3T3 cells; however, revertant cells readily formed both single and multinucleated giant cells in confluent cultures. SV40 virus was rescued from revertant cells by fusion with permissive monkey cells. The rescued virus transformed 3T3 cells with the same efficiency as wild type virus, and produced transformed colonies which were phenotypically similar to those produced by wild type virus. The revertant cells also resembled normal 3T3 cells in that they contained higher quantities of sialic acid than SV-3T3 cells. An inverse correlation was found between the saturation density of cells and their sialic acid content. Collagen content, however, of revertant cells was similar to that of SV-3T3 cells. The data presented suggest that the property of contact inhibition in revertant cells is related to the sialic acid content of the plasma membrane and that changes in sialic acid content of transformed cells are not directly specified by the viral genome.
Survival and change: Social work with angry men (1985)

Abstract This paper discusses the risk elements in encounters with six angry male clients of a social services neighbourhood team. Their preoccupation with basic survival needs produced an identification of the worker with an elusive “stolen object”; this leads to a discussion of how we also felt we had become identified with an image of persecuting parent, rooted in their childhood experience. The key notion of our “struggle” with them is linked to that of “boundary-setting” and the therapeutic value of the characteristic escalation of client/worker conflict is examined. The worker's survival is seen as a confirmation of the client's personal integrity. The process of disengagement is then analysed with particular attention to the material transactions between client and worker that served to mark the end of the engagement. We acknowledge the minimalist nature of our strategy with these men, and attempt to examine outcomes.
General Mass Media (1973)

Mark J. Green (ed.) The Monopoly Makers: Ralph Nader's Study Group Report on Regulation and Competition (New York: Grossman, 1973–48795) J. Robert Moskin (ed.) The Case for Advertising: Highlights of the Industry Presentation to the FTC (New York: American Association of Advertyising Agencies, 1975-$2.00, paper) Benjamin D. Singer's Feedback and Society: A Study the Uses of Mass Channels for Coping (Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books (D.C. Heath, 1973—price not known)
Scale and Concurrency of Massive File System Directories (2013)

File systems store data in files and organize these files in directories. Over decades, file systems have evolved to handle increasingly large files: they distribute files across a cluster of machines, they parallelize access to these files, they decouple data access from metadata access, and hence they provide scalable file access for high-performance applications. Sadly, most cluster-wide file systems lack any sophisticated support for large directories. In fact, most cluster file systems continue to use directories that were designed for humans, not for large-scale applications. The former use-case typically involves hundreds of files and infrequent concurrent mutations in each directory, while the latter use-case consists of tens of thousands of concurrent threads that simultaneously create large numbers of small files in a single directory at very high speeds. As a result, most cluster file systems exhibit very poor file create rate in a directory either due to limited scalability from using a single centralized directory server or due to reduced concurrency from using a system-wide synchronization mechanism. This dissertation proposes a directory architecture called GIGA+ that enables a directory in a cluster file system to store millions of files and sustain hundreds of thousands of concurrent file creations every second. GIGA+ makes two indexing technique to scale out a growing directory on many servers and an efficient layered design to scale up performance. GIGA+ uses a hash-based, incremental partitioning algorithm that enables highly concurrent directory indexing through asynchrony and eventual consistency of the internal indexing state (while providing strong consistency guarantees to the application data). This dissertation analyzes several trade-offs between data migration overhead, load balancing effectiveness, directory scan performance, and entropy of indexing state made by the GIGA+ design, and compares them with policies used in other systems. GIGA+ also demonstrates a modular implementation that separates directory distribution from directory representation. It layers a client-server middleware, which spreads work among many GIGA+ servers, on top of a backend storage system, which manages on-disk directory representation. This dissertation studies how system behavior is tightly dependent on both the indexing scheme and the on-disk implementations, and evaluates how the system performs for different backend configurations including local and shared-disk stores. The GIGA+ prototype delivers highly scalable directory performance (that exceeds the most demanding Petascale-era requirements), provides the traditional UNIX file system interface (that can run applications without any modifications) and offers a new functionality layered on existing cluster file systems (that lack support for distributed directories)contributions: a concurrent
Biological activity assessment and phenolic compounds characterization from the fruit pericarp of<i>Litchi chinensis</i>for cosmetic applications (2012)

Pericarp from litchi fruit can be obtained abundantly from agricultural waste, and the strong antioxidant activity demonstrated in this report may have application in topical cosmetic products. This ecological antioxidant can be prepared using a feasible method resulting in less waste and increased agro-industrial profitability.
Aβ Vasoactivity <i>in Vivo</i> (2000)

Bilateral temporoparietal hypoperfusion has been frequently observed early in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) process. The beta-amyloid (A beta) peptide is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. In vitro experiments have shown that freshly solubilized A beta enhances constriction of cerebral and peripheral vessels. We proposed that in vivo, A beta would also have vasoactive properties. To test this hypothesis, we intraarterially infused freshly solubilized A beta 1-40 in rats and observed changes in peripheral blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, and cerebrovascular resistance. We found that infusion of A beta in vivo significantly increased the blood pressure in hypotensive rats but not in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Moreover, A beta infusion also resulted in a decreased blood flow and increased vascular resistance specifically in cerebral cortex but not in heart or kidneys. These data suggest that A beta has a direct and specific constrictive effect on cerebral vessels in vivo, which may contribute to the cerebral hypoperfusion observed early in the AD process.
Venous stenoses in patients who undergo hemodialysis: treatment with self-expandable endovascular stents. (1992)

During a 32-month period, 25 modified self-expandable endovascular stents were placed in 20 hemodialysis access sites to treat 21 stenoses and four occlusions in 19 patients. All stenoses were initially dilated with a high-pressure balloon. The initial success rate was 90% (18 of 20 access sites). The stents were patent from 0 to 960 days (mean duration of follow-up, 309 days). At 2 years follow-up, the patency rates were as follows: primary, 25%; secondary, 34%; and tertiary, 42%. The morbidity rate associated with this procedure was 15% (three of 20 sites); the mortality rate, 5% (one of 19 patients). All five complications (graft or native-vein thrombosis [n = 2], nerve deficits [n = 2], and death secondary to sepsis [n = 1]) occurred in three patients early in the study, before the use of prophylactic antibiotics and refinements in technique. The best results occurred in patients in whom the stenosis or occlusion affected a large vein that had no acute angle and was away from venous confluences such as the femoral and iliac regions.
Protein alpha‐<i>N</i>‐acetylation studied by N‐terminomics (2011)

Cotranslational protein N-terminal modifications, including proteolytic maturation such as initiator methionine excision by methionine aminopeptidases and N-terminal blocking, occur universally. Protein alpha-N-acetylation, or the transfer of the acetyl moiety of acetyl-coenzyme A to nascent protein N-termini, catalysed by multisubunit N-terminal acetyltransferase complexes, generally takes place during protein translation. Nearly all protein modifications are known to influence different protein aspects such as folding, stability, activity and localization, and several studies have indicated similar functions for protein alpha-N-acetylation. However, until recently, protein alpha-N-acetylation remained poorly explored, mainly due to the absence of targeted proteomics technologies. The recent emergence of N-terminomics technologies that allow isolation of protein N-terminal peptides, together with proteogenomics efforts combining experimental and informational content have greatly boosted the field of alpha-N-acetylation. In this review, we report on such emerging technologies as well as on breakthroughs in our understanding of protein N-terminal biology.