gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sulfuranes. 33. Reactions of some new diaryldialkoxyspirosulfuranes. The barrier to cuneal inversion of configuration at sulfuranyl sulfur in diastereomeric spirosulfuranes (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfuranes. 33. Reactions of some new diaryldialkoxyspirosulfuranes. The barrier to cuneal inversion of configuration at sulfuranyl sulfur in diastereomeric spirosulfuranesL. J. Adzima and J. C. MartinCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 25, 4006–4016Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00445a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00445a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views205Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Pathology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2008)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lung characterized by poorly reversible airflow limitation. It is not a unique disease entity but rather a complex of conditions which include emphysema, chronic bronchitis and, sometimes, asthma. Moreover, COPD is a progressive disease often associated with exacerbations. Cigarette smoking, which is the most important risk factor for the development of COPD, induces pathological changes involving lung parenchyma, peripheral airways and central airways. Since lung parenchyma and peripheral airways are the sites responsible for airflow limitation and central airways are the main site of mucus hypersecretion, pathological changes in these compartments may be relevant in the development of COPD.
Integration of GaAs, GaN, and Si-CMOS on a common 200 mm Si substrate through multilayer transfer process (2016)

Abstract The integration of III–V semiconductors (e.g., GaAs and GaN) and silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-CMOS on a 200 mm Si substrate is demonstrated. The SOI-CMOS donor wafer is temporarily bonded on a Si handle wafer and thinned down. A second GaAs/Ge/Si substrate is then bonded to the SOI-CMOS-containing handle wafer. After that, the Si from the GaAs/Ge/Si substrate is removed. The GaN/Si substrate is then bonded to the SOI–GaAs/Ge-containing handle wafer. Finally, the handle wafer is released to realize the SOI–GaAs/Ge/GaN/Si hybrid structure on a Si substrate. By this method, the functionalities of the materials used can be combined on a single Si platform.
Effects of D-amino acid substituents on degradation of LHRH analogues by proximal tubule (1987)

Less than Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, LHRH, is degraded in renal proximal tubules (PT) in vivo (rat) and in vitro (rabbit) to less than Glu-His (2), less than Glu-His-Trp (3), and less than Glu-His-Trp-Ser (4). LHRH may be cleaved by endopeptidases simultaneously at multiple bonds, or initially at Ser4-Tyr5 followed by carboxypeptidase hydrolysis of 4 to 3 and then 2. To distinguish between these mechanisms, [3H]LHRH analogues were incubated with rabbit renal brush-border membranes (BBM), microinfused into PT in vivo or in vitro, and products were analyzed by HPLC. [D-Ser4]LHRH was not cleaved at D Ser4-Tyr5 but yielded less than Glu-His-Trp-D-Ser-Tyr-Gly as the major metabolite plus 2 and 3. [D-Trp6]LHRH was cleaved by BBM and PT to 2 and 3, but not to 4. [D-Ser4, D-Trp6]LHRH was not cleaved by BBM, but was degraded to 2 by PT in vivo. Thus, D-amino acid substituents altered the expected cleavage pattern of these analogues. [3H]LHRH was cleaved by BBM or by endopeptidase-24.11 from porcine PT to metabolites 2, 4, small amounts of 3, and less than Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly, but cleavage was strongly inhibited by the specific inhibitor phosphoramidon. Thus, normally LHRH may be cleaved in PT by endopeptidase-24.11 to 2 and 4, and by angiotensin I-converting enzyme to 3, its known cleavage site.
Inhibition of Ovulation by Melatonin in the Cyclic Rat1 (1973)

Administration of 1.25–5 mg of melatonin dissolved in 10% methanol in saline by intracardiac route during the critical period of proestrus (2–4 PM) resulted in complete inhibition of ovulation during presumptive estrus. All animals receiving the vehicle shed an average of ten ova. The inhibition can be overcome by iv injection of 10 ¼g luteinizing hormone (LH) thereby suggesting that melatonin is not acting at the ovarian level. Results of radioimmunoassay of serum LH levels in melatonin and vehicle—treated animals indicate that multiple injections of melatonin prevented the release of LH and inhibited ovulation. However, the same doses given before or after the critical period on the day of proestrus did not affect the incidence of ovulation. It is concluded that melatonin, at the dose levels used affects directly the ovulatory surge of gonadotropin and consequently inhibits ovulation. These results further support the concept that the pineal gland exerts control over reproductive functions via an inhibiting action of melatonin on the release of hypophyseal gonadotropins. (Endocrinology92: 333, 1973)
High-stability acousto-optical devices using bulk acoustic waves in TeO <sub>2</sub> (1978)

Acousto-optical devices are currently being developed for various applications, including laser Doppler anemometers (l.d.a.s.)
A flexible, high efficiency, VSI-based HVDC transmission system with reduced harmonics (2008)

In this paper a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission system is proposed, based on using three level three phase (3L3P) converters, coupled through a specific transformer connection in order to benefit from natural and selective harmonic cancellation effects. In opposition to classical PWM-VSI-based HVDC systems, the presented converter configuration uses Square Wave Modulation in order to keep the switching loss to a minimum value. Because of the SWM leads to the loose of the control of the input-to-output voltage ratio, special properties of the transmission system are described, regarding the active and reactive power control strategy. For the present contribution, three principal sections are defined; the power flow control; the 3L3P-NPC inverter with its control in SWM, and the dedicated transformer section with its specific connection. Simulation results are shown to highlight the capacity of the proposed system.
Intraoperative complications of 1000 phacoemulsification procedures: A prospective study (1998)

The frequency of major and minor complications fell sharply after the first 150 operations and was maintained. This study may provide a guide for beginning phacoemulsification surgeons and a basis for experienced surgeons to compare their performance outcomes.
Inhibition of Phenotypic and Functional Maturation of Dendritic Cells by Manassantin A (2009)

Manassantin A (MSA) inhibits nitric oxide production by macrophages through the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, but the effect of MSA on dendritic cells has not been elucidated yet. Here we investigated the inhibitory effects of MSA on immune functions of dendritic cells (DCs). MSA inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced phenotypic maturation of DCs, which was proved by the decreased expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II. MSA also inhibited functional maturation of DCs, that is, decreased the gene expression of IL-12, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-alpha/beta; enhanced antigen capture capacity of DCs; and impaired induction of allogenic T cell activation. As a mechanism of action, MSA inhibited LPS-induced activation of NF-kappaB, ERK, p38, and JNK, which played pivotal roles in toll-like receptor 4-mediated DC maturation. Collectively, these results suggested that MSA might be used for the treatment of DC-related immune diseases.
The biosynthetic pathway of L-ascorbic acid in Euglena gracilis Z. (1979)

D-Glucose and D-galactose were the starting materials of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in Euglena gracilis as evidenced by feeding experiments of unlabeled and labeled sugars, but D-glucose was the more effective precursor. The addition of various acid derivatives of D-glucose and D-galactose, with the exception of D-glucono-delta-lactone, considerably augmented L-ascorbic acid formation. D-Galacturonic acid and L-galactono-gamma-lactone showed greater effects than did D-glucurono-gamma-lactone and L-gulono-gamma-lactone. The results of isotopic dilution experiments also showed the preference for the galacto-configuration. Fed U-14C-D-glucose was transformed into labeled D-galacturonic acid to a greater extent than into labeled D-glucuronic acid, and added D-galacturonic acid only caused extensive accumulation of labeled D-galacturonic acid. These results together show that the pathway involving D-galacturonic acid and L-galactono-gamma-lactone is the major one, the one involving D-glucuronic acid L-gulono-gamma-lactone being the minor one. A likely pathway for L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in Euglena is proposed in the Scheme, which thus involves uronic acid intermediates and configurational inversion.
Robust hand detection (2004)

Vision-based hand gesture interfaces require fast and extremely robust hand detection. Here, we study view-specific hand posture detection with an object recognition method proposed by Viola and Jones. Training with this method is computationally very expensive, prohibiting the evaluation of many hand appearances for their suitability to detection. In this paper, we present a frequency analysis-based method for instantaneous estimation of class separability, without the need for any training. We built detectors for the most promising candidates, their receiver operating characteristics confirming the estimates. Next, we found that classification accuracy increases with a more expressive feature type. Lastly, we show that further optimization of training parameters yields additional detection rate improvements. In summary, we present a systematic approach to building an extremely robust hand appearance detector, providing an important step towards easily deployable and reliable vision-based hand gesture interfaces.
Nuclear-encoded proteins target to the plastid in<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>and<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> (1998)

A vestigial, nonphotosynthetic plastid has been identified recently in protozoan parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa. The apicomplexan plastid, or "apicoplast," is indispensable, but the complete sequence of both the Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii apicoplast genomes has offered no clue as to what essential metabolic function(s) this organelle might perform in parasites. To investigate possible functions of the apicoplast, we sought to identify nuclear-encoded genes whose products are targeted to the apicoplast in Plasmodium and Toxoplasma. We describe here nuclear genes encoding ribosomal proteins S9 and L28 and the fatty acid biosynthetic enzymes acyl carrier protein (ACP), beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III (FabH), and beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (FabZ). These genes show high similarity to plastid homologues, and immunolocalization of S9 and ACP verifies that the proteins accumulate in the plastid. All the putatively apicoplast-targeted proteins bear N-terminal presequences consistent with plastid targeting, and the ACP presequence is shown to be sufficient to target a recombinant green fluorescent protein reporter to the apicoplast in transgenic T. gondii. Localization of ACP, and very probably FabH and FabZ, in the apicoplast implicates fatty acid biosynthesis as a likely function of the apicoplast. Moreover, inhibition of P. falciparum growth by thiolactomycin, an inhibitor of FabH, indicates a vital role for apicoplast fatty acid biosynthesis. Because the fatty acid biosynthesis genes identified here are of a plastid/bacterial type, and distinct from those of the equivalent pathway in animals, fatty acid biosynthesis is potentially an excellent target for therapeutics directed against malaria, toxoplasmosis, and other apicomplexan-mediated diseases.
Waveform-based AVO inversion and AVO prediction-error (1996)

Abstract A practical approach to linear prestack seismic inversion in the context of a locally 1-D earth is employed to use amplitude variation with offset (AVO) information for the direct detection in hydrocarbons. The inversion is based on the three-term linearized approximation to the Zoeppritz equations. The normal-incidence compressional-wave reflection coefficient R0 models the background reflectivity in the absence of hydrocarbons and incorporates the mudrock curve and Gardner's equation. Prediction-error parameters, ΔRsh and ΔRρ, represent perturbations in the normal-incidence shear-wave reflection coefficient and the density contribution to the normal incidence reflectivity, respectively, from that predicted by the mudrock curve and Gardner's equation. This prediction-error approach can detect hydrocarbons in the absence of an overall increase in AVO, and in the absence of bright spots, as expected in theory. Linear inversion is applied to a portion of a young, Tertiary, shallow-marine data set that contains known hydrocarbon accumulations. Prestack data are in the form of angle stack, or constant offset-to-depth ratio, gathers. Prestack synthetic seismograms are obtained by primaries-only ray tracing using the linearized approximation to the Zoeppritz equations to model the reflection amplitudes. Where the a priori assumptions hold, the data are reproduced with a single parameter R0. Hydrocarbons are detected as low impedance relative to the surrounding shales and the downdip brine-filled reservoir on R0, also as positive perturbations (opposite polarity relative to R0) on ΔRsh and ΔRρ. The maximum perturbation in ΔRsh from the normal-incidence shear-wave reflection coefficient predicted by the a priori assumptions is 0.08. Hydrocarbon detection is achieved, although the overall seismic response of a gas-filled thin layer shows a decrease in amplitude with offset (angle). The angle-stack data (70 prestack ensembles, 0.504–1.936 s time range) are reproduced with a data residual that is 7 dB down. Reflectivity-based prestack seismograms properly model a gas/water contact as a strong increase in AVO and a gas-filled thin layer as a decrease in AVO.
Study the Differences of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Values in the Two Automatic Immune Analyzers (2021)

Introduction: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is the most valuable as a serum tumor marker for pancreatic and biliary cancers. Different assays may show significant differences in individual patients or some samples. The aim of this paper is to explore the causes of differences in results from different instruments and to avoid them.

Methods: CA19-9 was detected using ARCHITECT i2000 analyzer. If the results of CA 19-9 on the ARCHITECT i2000 analyzer were over 39 U/mL, the serum specimens were secondly tested using Roche cobas e601 analyzer. The differences of CA19-9 were analyzed in samples between different instruments.

Results: The CA 19-9 concentrations tested using ARCHITECT i2000 assayer were significantly higher than that in cobas e601 assayer of all specimens, males and females (p=0.000, all). Of the 158 specimens, 106 specimens were inconsistent, and 52 specimens were consistent.

Conclusion: Gender and nonmalignant diseases were not the reasons induced the discordant results. If there is any clinical doubt about a result, CA 19-9 should be determined using another method to exclude possible interferences.
Selective labelling of cell-surface polyamine-binding proteins on leukaemic and solid-tumour cell types using a new polyamine photoprobe (1997)

Polyamine transport is an active process which contributes to the regulation and maintenance of intracellular polyamine pools. Although the biochemical properties of polyamine transport in mammalian cells have been extensively studied, attempts to isolate and characterize the actual protein(s) have met with limited success. As one approach, photoaffinity labelling of cell surface proteins using a polyamine-conjugated photoprobe may lead to the identification of polyamine-binding proteins (pbps) associated with the transport apparatus and/or other regulatory responses. In a previous study [Felschow, MacDiarmid, Bardos, Wu, Woster and Porter (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 28705-28711], we demonstrated that the photoprobes N4-ASA-spermidine and N1-ASA-norspermine [where the ASA (azidosalicylamidoethyl) group represents the photoreactive moiety] competed effectively with polyamines for transport and selectively labelled two major pbps at 118 and 50 kDa on the surface of murine and human leukaemia cells. In the present study, a new and more potent polyamine-conjugated photoprobe, N1-ASA-spermine, has been synthesized and used to develop a method based on detergent lysis for identifying putative cell-surface pbps on solid-tumour cell types. Transport kinetic assays showed that the new photoprobe competed with spermidine uptake with an apparent Ki of 1 microM, a value 20-50-fold lower than those of earlier probes. In L1210 cells, the new probe identified pbp50 and pbp118 thus reaffirming their identity as pbps. Two new bands were also detected. In A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, N1-ASA-spermine identified pbps at 39, 62, 73 and 130 kDa, the latter believed to be a size variant of pbp118. The presence of pbp130/118 in two very different cell types suggests the generality of the protein among mammalian cell types as well as its importance for further study. The high affinity of the photoprobe for the polyamine-transport system strongly suggests that at least some of the identified pbps may be associated with that function.
SYNTHESIS OF THICK PORPHYRIN MOLECULAR WIRES BY A PALLADIUM CATALYZED OLIGOMERIZATION (2002)

In the aim to prepare thick porphyrin molecular wires, which is visible by atomic force microscopy (AFM), even on the rough surfaces of nanogap electrodes fabricated by electron beam lithography, dendrimer protected porphyrins whose two meso-positions are substituted with ethynyl groups. The porphyrin monomer was reacted with palladium catalyst to make oligomers. Analyses of them with time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (TOF-MS), gel-permeation-chromatography (GPC) revealed that the oligomers were distributed up to 16 mer, whose molecular weight was about 38 000 Daltons.
Sterility and variation resulting from the transfer of polima cytoplasmic male sterility from <i>Brassica napus</i> into <i>Brassica chinensis</i> (1997)

Male sterile combinations made from interspecific crosses between the polima CMS line of Brassica napus and varieties of B. chinensis were backcrossed to BC 3 . Twenty-six selfing lines from B. chinensis were tested for their ability to either maintain complete sterility or to restore fertility in crosses with the polima male sterile line. Results show that four of these hybrids were completely male sterile and two were fertile. The sterility of the B. chinensis with polima cytoplasm was much more stable than male sterile lines with B. campestris and B. chinensis cytoplasm, which were sterile before full flowering but progressively became fertile as flowering proceeded. The results suggest that polima cytoplasm could be a suitable male sterile-inducing allocytoplasm for B. chinensis , as both maintainers and restorers are available, and could supply a reliable pollination control system for hybrid seed production in this species.
Monobore Expandable Liner Extension Deployment Saves Well From Abandonment (2011)

Abstract Caving, sloughing, and swelling shale sections, combined with lost returns below 13-3/8-in. casing, were encountered in an Egyptian well. Before the 12.25-in. hole section was completed, shales packed off the drillstring and part of the bottomhole assembly (BHA) was left in the hole. Casing (9-5/8-in.) was run as deep as hole conditions allowed, with a recess shoe to enable a monobore expandable liner extension. Following drillout of the shoe, conditions presented the same challenges previously experienced. The 8-in.outside diamer (OD) liner extension system was run, but well conditions prevented getting the liner to depth and it was pulled out of the hole. Conditioning trips with increased mud weight up to 12.3 pounds per gallon (ppg), reaming and backreaming, along with an open hole cementing effort, were performed for stabilization. A second attempt was made to run in the hole. The hanger located in the recess shoe profile of the 9-5/8-in. casing and the system was expanded to the same inside diameter as the casing above. The expanded liner’s shoe was now located just above the previously left BHA, but the trouble zone sections were isolated with no reduction in hole size from the previous casing. The expanded liner was pressure tested to 1,000 psi before cementing. Recess shoe ports were enabled and initial circulation established, and the wellbore did indeed pack off and build pressure, preventing full annular cement. Pressure inside the casing was applied and 15 barrels (bbl) of cement were squeezed into the hole. A casing exit was milled in the expanded monobore liner to enable bypassing the BHA that was left in the hole from previous drilling operations. The case history explored in this paper highlights overcoming substantial issues using expandable drilling liner technology via a monobore liner extension that resulted in successful installation and circulation. The preplanning, installation considerations, expansion process, lessons learned and post-deployment results will be discussed.
Capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry, an attractive tool for drug bioanalysis and biomarker discovery (2006)

The coupling of CE with MS detection, a relatively recent hyphenated technique, has gained increasing respect in the field of bioanalytical applications over the past few years. The first part of this review presents CE-MS applications dealing with drug bioanalysis, including forensic analysis and metabolism studies. Practical considerations to achieve a robust and sensitive CE-MS coupling are also presented. It is indeed essential to strictly control some critical electrospray parameters, such as the sheath liquid composition and flow rate, the nebulizing gas pressure as well as the capillary outlet position. The second part of the review critically describes the applications of CE coupled on-line to MS for the identification of biomarkers in body fluids for diagnostic purposes. Since the sample preparation procedures strongly differ according to the intended use (drug bioanalysis or biomarker discovery), they are discussed separately, taking into account the particular properties of plasma and urine matrices.