gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Tractable Class of Algorithms for Reliable Routing in Stochastic Networks (2011)

The goal of this article is to provide the theoretical basis for enabling tractable solutions to the “arriving on time” problem and enabling its use in real-time mobile phone applications. Optimal routing in transportation networks with highly varying traffic conditions is a challenging problem due to the stochastic nature of travel-times on links of the network. The definition of optimality criteria and the design of solution methods must account for the random nature of the travel-time on each link. Most common routing algorithms consider the expected value of link travel-time as a sufficient statistic for the problem and produce least expected travel-time paths without consideration of travel-time variability. However, in numerous practical settings the reliability of the route is also an important decision factor. In this article, we consider the following optimality criterion: maximizing the probability of arriving on time at a destination given a departure time and a time budget. We present an efficient algorithm for finding an optimal routing policy with a well bounded computational complexity, improving on an existing solution that takes an unbounded number of iterations to converge to the optimal solution. A routing policy is an adaptive algorithm that determines the optimal solution based on en route travel-times and therefore provides better reliability guarantees than an a-priori solution. Novel speed-up techniques to efficiently compute the adaptive optimal strategy and methods to prune the search space of the problem are also investigated. Finally, an extension of this algorithm which allows for both timevarying traffic conditions and spatio-temporal correlations of link travel-time distributions is presented. The dramatic runtime improvements provided by the algorithm are demonstrated for practical scenarios in California.
UCITA: A 1990's Vision of E-Commerce, 18 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 323 (2000) (1999)

This article begins with a comparison of UCITA and UCC Article 2 and shows how much less restraint the drafters had while drafting the UCITA in early 1995. It was during this time that UCC Article 2 was still undergoing revision. This article continues with the author's detailed examination of the underlying major structural and policy defects in UCITA that require the drafters' attention before it is made into law. The author defines the scope of UCITA as being too broad. Furthermore, the author deconstructs and criticizes various sections of UCITA.
Stability of Weakly Acidic Hypochlorous Acid Solution with Microbicidal Activity (2017)

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) solution (200 ppm, pH 6) was prepared and evaluated for their stabilities and microbicidal activities. We demonstrated that HOCl is unstable against ultraviolet (UV) light, sunshine, contact with air, and elevated temperature (≧25℃). Furthermore, in the HOCl solution, the presence of excess NH<sub>2</sub>- or CHO-containing organic compounds such as proteins and carbohydrates, or of inorganic ions such as NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, PO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and CuS, resulted in the rapid consumption of HOCl by oxidation reactions, and significantly decreased the microbicidal activity of the HOCl solution against coliform bacteria and total viable cell count. Thus, production of stable HOCl solution requires formulation in pure water harboring concentrations as low as possible of various compounds and ions, as well as storage in dark and cool conditions (<10℃) to maintain the concentration of HOCl molecules and microbicidal activity.
A Network Analyzer Calibration using Redundancy (1988)

A calibration procedure for phasor network measurements has been developed in which redundancy is exploited to: (i) provide integral calibration assurance, (ii) render the procedure tolerant to the measurement environment, and (iii) simplify the fabrication requirements on calibration standards, especially for monolithic devices. The measurement algorithm uses a known standard, an unknown standard, and a pair of offset transmission lines whose lengths are in a fixed known ratio, and outputs the calibration coefficients, the reflection coefficient of the unknown standard, and the loss and phase of the transmission lines. Furthermore, the procedure uses its built-in redundancy to furnish an indication of the nonsystematic errors in the calibration process. This technique is applicable to one-and two-port calibrations and is best suited for making phasor network measurements in monolithic environments.
Reducing the out-of-band radiation of OFDM using an extended guard interval (2001)

We investigate the spectrum, out-of-band radiation (OBR) and the use of extended guard interval (EGI) to reduce the out-of-band radiation of an OFDM signal when passing through different nonlinear devices. Spectra of the OFDM signal with different EGI lengths after passing through nonlinear devices are obtained through computer simulations. Mathematical expressions for the power spectral density of a conventional OFDM signal and an OFDM signal with different EGI lengths are also presented. Theoretical and simulated results are compared. Although the EGI reduces the OBR, this reduction is not significant in some cases. The effect of EGI on the OBR of an OFDM signal differs for different nonlinear devices. The EGI is also not capable of reducing the OBR caused by excessive clipping of the OFDM signal. Finally, it is also found that the length of the EGI does not have a considerable effect on the amount of OBR reduced when passing through a nonlinear device
Inflammatory Lung Secretions Inhibit Dendritic Cell Maturation and Function via Neutrophil Elastase (2006)

Our data indicate that NE in lung inflammatory secretions of patients with COPD/CF may disable DCs and prevent them from mounting an adequate immune response. This may have implications for the infection-driven generation of disease exacerbations in these two pathologies.
UPLC-MS/MS-Based Profiling of Eicosanoids in RAW264.7 Cells Treated with Lipopolysaccharide (2016)

While both the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of several eicosanoids have been widely studied, the degree of inflammation in cells that results from various eicosanoids has yet to be comprehensively studied. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment on eicosanoid content in RAW264.7 cells. An Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based profiling method was used to analyze the eicosanoid contents of RAW264.7 cells treated with different LPS concentrations. The profiling data were subjected to statistical analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis. LPS treatment increased nitric oxide production and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, in a concentration-dependent manner. In total, 79 eicosanoids were identified in the cells. RAW264.7 cells treated with different LPS concentrations were well differentiated in the PCA score plot. A heatmap was used to identify the eicosanoids that were up- or down-regulated according to the degree of inflammation and LPS concentration. Thirty-nine eicosanoids were upregulated and seven were down-regulated by LPS treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Our novel UPLC-MS/MS technique can profile eicosanoids, and can evaluate the correlations between inflammation and eicosanoid metabolism.
Test Tools for Road Safety Telematic Systems (2007)

Road safety telematic systems are complex heterogeneous systems. The technology to build them exists and can save lives and reduce the severity of car accident injuries. However for the solution to be feasible, among others, it is necessary to achieve multi-vendor interoperability. Early defined specifications for interfaces together with a testing methodology and test tools are essential. This communication presents the methodology to develop test tools for road safety telematic systems and the key design considerations and architectural approach to be able to build test tools capable of efficiently coping with the foreseen communication technology evolution. Results of the test tools using prototypes of telematic control units developed within GST are also presented.
Using a β‐Hairpin To Mimic an α‐Helix: Cyclic Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of the p53–HDM2 Protein–Protein Interaction (2004)

Die Inhibition wichtiger Protein-Protein-Wechselwirkungen, z. B. zwischen dem Tumorsuppressor p53 (rot) und HDM2, einem in Tumorzellen häufig überexprimierten p53-Inhibitor, ist mit bestimmten Peptidmimetika möglich. Diese haben eine β-Haarnadelstruktur (gelb), die das α-helicale Epitop der Proteine imitiert.
Surface Properties of Class II Hydrophobins from <i>Trichoderma </i><i>reesei</i> and Influence on Bubble Stability (2007)

We report the remarkable surface behavior of class II hydrophobin proteins HFBI and HFBII from Trichoderma reesei and the resulting effect that these proteins have on the stability of air bubbles to the process of disproportionation. The surface properties were studied using surface tensiometry and surface shear rheology. Surface tensiometry data show that hydrophobins are very surface active proteins, reducing the surface tension to approximately 30 mN m-1. The rate at which the hydrophobins adsorb at the surface may also be related to the self-assembly behavior in aqueous solution. We further show that hydrophobins form air/water surfaces with high elasticity, the magnitude of which is well in excess of that of surface layers formed by other common proteins used as foam or emulsion stabilizers. The measured surface properties translate to the stability of bubbles with adsorbed hydrophobin, and in this study, we demonstrate the ability of hydrophobin to have a dramatic effect on the rate of disproportionation in some simple bubble dissolution studies.
Spin valves with synthetic ferrimagnet and antiferromagnet free and pinned layers (1999)

Spin valve structures with both synthetic ferrimagnet F/sub a//Re/F/sub b/ free layers and synthetic antiferromagnet F/sub 1//Re/F/sub 2//AF pinned layers are demonstrated. Physical thicknesses for the free layer of /spl ap/50 /spl Aring/ can be maintained while decreasing the effective magnetic thickness (t/sub eff/) to 8-10 /spl Aring/, without significant signal loss. Inverted structures with the synthetic free layer on top present magnetoresistance (MR) values up to 7% for t/sub eff//spl sim/17 /spl Aring/. The synthetic pinned layer gives high unidirectional exchange H/sub ex/ (/spl sim/1250 Oe) and saturation fields H/sub s/ (/spl sim/3-4 KOe) with no significant change after several hours anneal at 300/spl deg/C. MR decreases linearly as the temperature increases ((1/MR(RT))x dMR(T)/dT/spl ap/-0.0017//spl deg/C).
Novel cationic amphiphiles as delivery agents for antisense oligonucleotides (1999)

There has been great interest recently in therapeutic use of nucleic acids including genes, ribozymes and antisense oligonucleotides. Despite recent improvements in delivering antisense oligonucleotides to cells in culture, nucleic acid-based therapy is still often limited by the poor penetration of the nucleic acid into the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. In this report we describe nucleic acid delivery to cells using a series of novel cationic amphiphiles containing cholic acid moieties linked via alkylamino side chains. We term these agents 'molecular umbrellas' since the cationic alkylamino chains provide a 'handle' for binding of nucleic acids, while the cholic acid moieties are likely to interact with the lipid bilayer allowing the highly charged nucleic acid backbone to traverse across the cell membrane. Optimal gene and oligonucleotide delivery to cells was afforded by a derivative (amphiphile 5) containing four cholic acid moieties. With this amphiphile used as a constituent in cationic liposomes, a 4-5 log increase in reporter gene delivery was measured. This amphiphile used alone provided a 250-fold enhancement of oligo-nucleotide association with cells as observed by flow cytometry. A substantial fraction of cells exposed to complexes of amphiphile 5 and fluorescent oligo-nucleotide showed nuclear accumulation of the fluorophore. Enhanced pharmacological effectiveness of antisense oligonucleotides complexed with amphiphile 5 was observed using an antisense splicing correction assay that activates a Luciferase reporter. Intracellular delivery, nuclear localization and pharmacological effectiveness of oligonucleotides using amphiphile 5 were similar to those afforded by commercial cytofectins. However, in contrast to most commercial cytofectins, the umbrella amphiphile showed substantial delivery activity even in the presence of high concentrations of serum.
Arc-trench rollback and forearc accretion: 1. A collision-induced mantle flow model for Tethyan ophiolites (2003)

Abstract Tectonically active remnants of Neo-Tethys represented by Mediterranean and western Pacific marginal seas are characterized by rapidly propagating backarc extension episodes. These appear to be triggered by random subduction nucleation events, commonly signalled by the appearance of refractory boninites in volcanic ‘proto-arcs’. As backarc basins evolve, active arcs separate from their ‘proto-arc’ remnants and may split again if more than one basin-opening episode occurs. Accreting arc-forearc terranes are therefore likely to incorporate proto-arc, backarc, and (in some cases) inherited continental fragments, as evidenced by their structural complexity and lithological diversity. Forearc complexes typically show positive Bouguer gravity anomalies and significant age discrepancies within and between their crustal and mantle components. Where exposed, their lower stratigraphic horizons may include boninite-bearing assemblages along with tectonized fragments of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) basement and hydrated refractory peridotite. These are typically intruded by sodic plagiogranite (adakite) and high-temperature Mn-, Fe-rich hydrothermal veins (‘epidosites’), further indications of subduction nucleation at, or close to a pre-existing spreading axis. Where the arc-trench rollback process is terminated by collision with an approaching continent, or with another retreating forearc complex, MORB-like backarc lithosphere is rapidly reconsumed, in some cases following a change in subduction polarity. In contrast, given their preponderance of ultra-refractory serpentinized peridotite, forearc complexes are relatively buoyant, resist subduction, and are prone to entrapment during early stages of an orogeny. The associated interplay of extension and compression offers a compelling scenario for resolving the so-called ophiolite ‘conundrum’ and explaining the near-ubiquity of ophiolites in orogenic belts. We propose that rapid arc-trench rollback pulses are driven largely by collision-induced mantle flow in addition to commonly cited ‘slab pull’ effects. This is supported by the evidence of isotopic mantle flow tracers, seismic tomography, and the coupled kinematics of marginal basins and continental escape. Model applications to some well-known Tethyan ophiolites are developed in a companion paper.
Duplication of Spindle Plaques and Integration of the Yeast Cell Cycle (1974)

Throughout the history of cell biology, the eukaryotic cell cycle has been subject to investigation by a wide variety of techniques. Hartwell et al. (1970) have recently introduced the use of conditional mutants to the analysis of cell-cycle events in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This species is admirably suited not only to the genetic manipulation required for this approach but also to the application of molecular techniques to the characterization of its DNA (see Cryer et al., this volume; Petes et al., this volume). From the cytological view, however, the yeast cell cycle may seem superficially to lack homology with the cell cycle of higher eukaryotes. As in the basidiomycetes and other ascomycetes, yeast lacks the highly ordered centriole found in many higher eukaryotes. Furthermore, mitosis does not occur freely in the cytoplasm but proceeds within an intact nuclear envelope, the poles of the intranuclear spindles lying within the...
The Akiyama-Tanigawa algorithm for Bernoulli numbers (2000)

A direct proof is given for Akiyama and Tanigawa&apos;s algorithm for computing Bernoulli numbers. The proof uses a closed formula for Bernoulli numbers expressed in terms of Stirling numbers. The outcome of the same algorithm with di#erent initial values is also briefly discussed. 1 The Algorithm In their study of values at non-positive integer arguments of multiple zeta functions, S. Akiyama and Y. Tanigawa [1] found as a special case an amusing algorithm for computing Bernoulli numbers in a manner similar to &quot;Pascal&apos;s triangle&quot; for binomial coe#cients. Their algorithm reads as follows: Start with the 0-th row 1, 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , . . . and define the first row by 1 (1 - 1 2 ), 2 ( 1 2 - 1 3 ), 3 ( 1 3 - 1 4 ), . . . which produces the sequence 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , . . . . Then define the next row by 1 ( 1 2 - 1 3 ), 2 ( 1 3 - 1 4 ), 3 ( 1 4 - 1 5 ), . . . , thus giving 1 6 , 1 6 , 3 20 , . . . as the second row. In general...
Experimental Realization of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm<i>Gedankenexperiment</i>: A New Violation of Bell's Inequalities (1982)

The linear-polarization correlation of pairs of photons emitted in a radiative cascade of calcium has been measured. The new experimental scheme, using two-channel polarizers (i.e., optical analogs of Stern-Gerlach filters), is a straightforward transposition of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm gedankenexperiment. The present results, in excellent agreement with the quantum mechanical predictions, lead to the greatest violation of generalized Bell's inequalities ever achieved.
How Genetic Algorithms Really Work: Mutation and Hillclimbing. (1992)

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<title>Design and manufacturing of far-field high-NA objective lenses for optical recording</title> (1999)

Optical recording tends towards higher data densities. A way to achieve higher density is by increasing the numerical aperture of the objective lens in the optical pickup unit. The design and manufacturing of such high-NA two-element objective lenses is discussed.
Growth and characterization of ultrathin zirconia dielectrics grown by ultraviolet ozone oxidation (2001)

In this letter, we report on the growth of ultrathin films of zirconia on silicon oxide and silicon oxynitride passivated (001) Si by ultraviolet ozone oxidation of Zr metal precursor layers. The oxidation kinetics has been measured using an accelerator-based nuclear reaction analysis. It was found that oxide films up to 55 Å could be grown at room temperature by oxidation at 600 Torr while oxidation at 80 mTorr is self-limiting at 20 Å. The interfaces between the dielectric and the substrate have been characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The ZrO2 films were found to be crystalline as grown. Electrical measurements on capacitor structures with 30-Å-thick ZrO2 films grown on native oxide on silicon show a capacitance–voltage hysteresis of 15 mV and a capacitance-based equivalent oxide thickness of 17 Å at 100 kHz.
Cough reflex and oral chemesthesis induced by capsaicin and capsiate in healthy never-smokers (2007)

The results showed that the sensitivities of sensory afferents were different between cough reflex and oral chemesthesis, suggesting that TRPV1 sensitivities differ between organs within healthy individuals. Capsiate could be a tussigen for the cough challenge test.
The Occupational Attitudes and Choices of a Group of College Men. Part I (1927)

Journal Article The Occupational Attitudes and Choices of a Group of College Men. Part I Get access W. A. Anderson W. A. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 6, Issue 2, December 1927, Pages 278–283, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/6.2.278 Published: 01 December 1927
Language generation for multimedia healthcare briefings (1997)

This paper identifies issues for language generation that arose in developing a multimedia interface to healthcare data that includes coordinated speech, text and graphics. In order to produce brief speech for time-pressured caregivers, the system both combines related information into a single sentence and uses abbreviated references in speech when an unambiguous textual reference is also used. Finally, due to the temporal nature of the speech, the language generation module needs to communicate information about the ordering and duration of references to other temporal media, such as graphics, in order to allow for coordination between media.
High level extracellular production of a truncated alkaline β-mannanase from alkaliphilic <i>Bacillus</i> sp. N16-5 in <i>Escherichia coli</i> by the optimization of induction condition and fed-batch fermentation (2016)

To improve the extracellular production of alkaline β-mannanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 in Escherichia coli, two truncated recombinant mannanases (32a-ManAR2 and 22b-ManAR2) were obtained. Compared with the full-length mannanases (32a-ManAR1 and 22b-ManAR1), the truncated mannanases not only showed higher secretion rate, but also exhibited higher thermostability and alkalistability. The K m value (11 mg/mL) of 32a-ManAR2 was higher than that (1.46 mg/mL) of 32a-ManAR1. The specific activity of 22b-ManAR2 was 2.7 times higher than that of 22b-ManAR1. 22b-ManAR2 showed the highest k cat/K m value of 602.7 ml/mg s. The parameters of induction for recombinant mannanase production of E. coli BL21 (pET32a-manAR2) and E. coli BL21 (pET22b-manAR2) were subsequently optimized. The yield of soluble mannanase was found to be enhanced with lower induction temperature (25 °C), lower IPTG concentration (0.01-0.05 mM), and Triton X-100 supplement (0.1 %) in a shake flask. Moreover, a one-time feeding strategy and Triton X-100 supplement were applied in production of 22b-ManAR2 in a 10 L fermentor. The productivity of the total soluble mannanase reached 9284.64 U/mL with the extracellular rate of 74 % at 46 h of fermentation, which was the highest productive level of alkaline β-mannanase in recombinant E. coli to date.
Défenseurs et tribuns. Deux groupes d'avocats dans le Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier français (1789-1864 et 1914-1939) (1994)

Bouchet Thomas. Défenseurs et tribuns. Deux groupes d'avocats dans le Dictionnaire biographique du mouvement ouvrier français (1789-1864 et 1914-1939). In: Les Cahiers de l'Institut d'Histoire du Temps Présent, n°26, mars 1994. Intellectuels engagés d’une guerre à l’autre. pp. 91-101.
Migraine and Major Depression: A Longitudinal Study (1994)

The study provides the first body of evidence that the previously observed cross-sectional association between migraine and major depression can result from bidirectional influences, with each disorder increasing the risk for first onset of the other. The explanation that major depression in persons with migraine represents a psychologic response to migraine attacks would have been more plausible had we found an influence only from migraine to depression. By diminishing the plausibility of a simple causal explanation for the migraine-depression comorbidity, the findings favor the shared mechanisms explanation.
Intravenous Fluid Therapy Successfully Prevents Renal Injury by Gemcitabine in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer (2011)

Ko, Shigeru B.H. MD, PhD; Azuma, Sakiko BS; Kamimura, Kaori BS; Goto, Hidemi MD, PhD; Anzai, Naohiko MD, PhD; Yamamoto, Akiko MD, PhD; Ishiguro, Hiroshi MD, PhD; Mizuno, Nobumasa MD, PhD Author Information
LASER-INDUCED EMISSION OF ELECTRONS, IONS, AND NEUTRAL ATOMS FROM SOLID SURFACES (1963)

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