gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical control of interstrain competition for soybean nodulation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1991)

Previous research has shown that a significant limitation to the agricultural use of improved rhizobial inoculant strains is competition from the indigenous soil population. In this work, we sought to test whether chemical inhibitors of flavonoid-induced nod gene expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum could be identified and utilized to affect interstrain competition for nodulation of soybeans. Approximately 1,000 structural and functional analogs of the known, natural inducers of nod gene expression were tested on six strains of B. japonicum containing a nodY-lacZ fusion. We successfully identified effective inhibitors of nodY expression. The addition of the inhibitor 7-hydroxy-5-methylflavone significantly inhibited nodulation by a sensitive strain and could be used to effectively manipulate the competition between strains for soybean nodulation. However, this work also uncovered significant limitations for the practical use of this methodology. For example, despite the almost universal induction response to the identified natural inducers, there was a wide variability among strains in their response to any specific inhibitor. Given this unexpected variability, the cost of registration of an agronomic chemical, and the potential for the development of resistant field populations, it is unlikely that chemical inhibitors can be successfully applied to a field situation.
Thermodynamik heterogener Gasgleichgewichte II. Gasphasenzusammensetzung und chemische Transportreaktionen in den Systemen Wolfram — Halogen (Fluor, Chlor, Brom) (1971)

Abstract Zur Beurteilung der Frage nach der Möglichkeit und der Richtung eines chemischen Transportes von Wolfram in den Wolfram-Halogen Systemen bei Vorliegen eines Temperaturgradienten werden die Gleichgewichtszusammensetzungen der Heterogensysteme berechnet. Die Berechnungen werden mit Hilfe von Computerprogrammen für die mit Wolfram als Festkörper koexistierende Gasphase für Temperaturen von 500-bis 3600 °K und für Halogen-Anfangsdrucke von 1 -10 -6 atm durchgeführt. Aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Massenbilanz des Wolframs ergibt sich die prinzipielle Möglichkeit von Transportreaktionen in diesen Systemen. Von besonderem Interesse ist die Umkehr der Transportrichtung, die für die einzelnen Wolfram-Halogen Systeme charakteristisch ist. Die Ergebnisse der Berechnungen werden durch experimentelle Beobachtungen bestätigt.
Delinquency and Human Nature. By H. D. Stott Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, 1950. Pp. 460. (1951)

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Field-flow fractionation handbook (2000)

Field-flow fractionation (FFF) occupies a unique niche in the field of analytical separations because it is the only technique that is capable of separating materials over the entire colloidal size range (1-1,000 nm) with high resolution. Still, FFF has not enjoyed what can be considered an explosive phase of growth, like those encountered in the development of gas and liquid chromatography. There are many theories as to why this is so, and certainly a combination of factors if responsible. FFF practitioners clearly agree that one hindrance to the widespread use of FFF as a routine tool for sizing macromolecules and colloids stems from its greatest asset. That asset is its versatility, and versatility comes with a price. Thus, even though FFF is applicable to an incredible range of materials, from macromolecules of a few thousand grams per mode or more to particles as large as 100 μm, there is no simple formula for choosing the proper subtechnique, let alone the experimental variables within a given subtechnique for a given application. One must understand the underlying mechanism of the separation and gather a certain amount of experience to apply FFF to a new separation problem with reasonable success or efficiency. The goal of this handbook is to provide a useful guide to the implementation of FFF by first-time or infrequent users, while serving as a broad reference for more experienced FFF practitioners. In addressing this goal, than handbook contains a comprehensive description of the four primary FFF subtechniques, with specific examples and applications for each. Perhaps the greatest value, of this handbook lies in the fact that the authors are experts in the respective subtechniques that they address and so are able to advise the reader, from firsthand experience, on how to avoid certain pitfalls associated with developing and implementing FFF applications.
Characteristics of a bakeable ion-cryopumped UHV system (1980)

This paper describes an UHV system for studying condensed films or free metal surfaces at temperature near 14 K. The system consists of a commercial cryopump, and 80 1/s ion pump, a sorption pump and a 30 l chamber having one square meter of internal surface. The standard nonbakeable components in the cryopump have been modified at the factory. The charcoal is now held in contact with 14 K cryopanel by means of small copper rods and a brass screen; all connections are made by Conflat flanges; and the indium gaskets have been replaced by silver ones. With the exception of the charcoal and the electrical feedthroughs, the system is entirely metallic. A base pressure in the 10−11 Torr range can be reached after a 24 h bakeout period at 250°C. During this period, only the ion pump is operative. Between experiments, the cryopump can be periodically turned off and regenerated by pumping the desorbing gases with the ion pump. The base pressure can be restored 4 h after restarting the cryopump.
Overexpression of <i>fetA</i> ( <i>ybbL</i> ) and <i>fetB</i> ( <i>ybbM</i> ), Encoding an Iron Exporter, Enhances Resistance to Oxidative Stress in Escherichia coli (2013)

Reactive oxygen species are generated by redox reactions and the Fenton reaction of H2O2 and iron that generates the hydroxyl radical that causes severe DNA, protein, and lipid damage. We screened Escherichia coli genomic libraries to identify a fragment, containing cueR, ybbJ, qmcA, ybbL, and ybbM, which enhanced resistance to H2O2 stress. We report that the ΔybbL and ΔybbM strains are more susceptible to H2O2 stress than the parent strain and that ybbL and ybbM overexpression overcomes H2O2 sensitivity. The ybbL and ybbM genes are predicted to code for an ATP-binding cassette metal transporter, and we demonstrate that YbbM is a membrane protein. We investigated various metals to identify iron as the likely substrate of this transporter. We propose the gene names fetA and fetB (for Fe transport) and the gene product names FetA and FetB. FetAB allows for increased resistance to oxidative stress in the presence of iron, revealing a role in iron homeostasis. We show that iron overload coupled with H2O2 stress is abrogated by fetA and fetB overexpression in the parent strain and in the Δfur strain, where iron uptake is deregulated. Furthermore, we utilized whole-cell electron paramagnetic resonance to show that intracellular iron levels in the Δfur strain are decreased by 37% by fetA and fetB overexpression. Combined, these findings show that fetA and fetB encode an iron exporter that has a role in enhancing resistance to H2O2-mediated oxidative stress and can minimize oxidative stress under conditions of iron overload and suggest that FetAB facilitates iron homeostasis to decrease oxidative stress.
<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> Traffics to Autophagosomes in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells (2001)

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen that also localizes to atherosclerotic plaques. Our previous studies demonstrated that P. gingivalis is capable of invading endothelial cells and that intracellular bacteria are contained in vacuoles that resemble autophagosomes. In this study, we have examined the trafficking of P. gingivalis 381 to the autophagic pathway. P. gingivalis 381 internalized by human coronary artery endothelial (HCAE) cells is located within vacuoles morphologically identical to autophagosomes. The progression of P. gingivalis 381 through intracellular vacuoles was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy. Vacuoles containing P. gingivalis colocalize with Rab5 and HsGsa7p early after internalization. At later times, P. gingivalis colocalizes with BiP and then progresses to a vacuole that contains BiP and lysosomal glycoprotein 120. Late endosomal markers and the lysosomal cathepsin L do not colocalize with P. gingivalis 381. The intracellular survival of P. gingivalis 381 decreases over 8 h in HCAE cells pretreated with the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and wortmannin. In addition, the vacuole containing P. gingivalis 381 lacks BiP but contains cathepsin L in the presence of wortmannin. These results suggest that P. gingivalis 381 evades the endocytic pathway to lysosomes and instead traffics to the autophagosome.
Planktivores and Plankton Dynamics: Effects of Fish Biomass and Planktivore Type (1992)

We quantified the effects of planktivore biomass and planktivore type in an experimental mesocosm study of factorial design in which five levels of fish biomass (0–75 g/m 3 ) were cross-classified with two plantivore types: filter-feeding gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and visual-feeding bluegill (Lepomis macrochims). As fish biomass increased, cladocerans, cyclopoids, particulate phosphorus (PP) > 200 μm, and chironomids declined; conversely, rotifers, primary productivity, chlorophyll a, turbidity, unicellular flagellates, colonial and unicellular green algae, pennate diatoms, total phosphorus, and 20–200 and 12–20 μm PP were enhanced. In the presence of gizzard shad, as compared with bluegill, cyclopoids, turbidity, unicellular green algae, pennate diatoms, > 200 μm PP, and chironomid tubes were higher whereas colonial green algae and < 0.2 μm PP were lower. Fish biomass operated independently of planktivore type for most variables, except copepods, colonial green algae, turbidity, and 20–200 μm PP. Although gizzard shad and bluegill have different trophic cascade pathways, fish biomass was more important than planktivore type as a regulator of plankton communities and water quality.
A panel of repeat markers for detection of microsatellite instability in murine tumors (2003)

A substantial fraction of human malignancies lack functional DNA mismatch repair (MMR), accumulate mutations at high frequency, and exhibit microsatellite instability (MSI). In order to distinguish between MMR-competent and MMR-deficient malignancies, a consensus panel of microsatellite repeats has been adopted for MSI analysis of human tumors. There is no reference panel of repeats for MSI typing of murine malignancies. In this study, we present six new microsatellite repeat markers for MSI typing of mouse tumors. Analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified tumor DNA from MMR-deficient and -proficient mice on denaturing polyacrylamide gels revealed that the new panel of microsatellites was more sensitive in detecting MSI than six commonly used CA(n) repeats. Using the new set of microsatellite markers, we demonstrated the presence of MSI in endometrial carcinoma and cancer precursors from diethylstilbestrol (DES)-treated mice, pointing to a possible role for loss of MMR in hormonally promoted endometrial tumorigenesis.
Calibrated seismic measurements for improved reservoir definition: a UKCS case study (2005)

Steve McHugo, John Bacon, Andrew Furber, and Steve Pickering of WesternGeco present a UK North Sea case study to show the benefits of recent advances in marine seismic imaging. In 2003, WesternGeco acquired a new high-resolution seismic survey for Chevron over the Captain field, UK North Sea. The seismic data were acquired using pointreceiver technology and processed using deterministic data-processing techniques. The objective of the new survey was to provide improved seismic imaging of the field, improve confidence in the detailed mapping of known reservoir zones, and identify new targets. The new survey took advantage of significant technological advances made in seismic exploration. These advances included calibrated point-receiver acquisition, streamer steering, high-accuracy acoustic positioning, and recording of near-field source signatures allowing for much more reliable and detailed images of the subsurface. This article focuses on the impact that sampling and near-field source measurements have on the quality of the final dataset. Background Rose (1999) describes some aspects of the reservoir characterization of the Captain oilfield and refers to issues associated with the seismic data used during appraisal and development. The field, in UKCS Block 13/22 (Figure 1) in the Western Moray Firth, produces heavy oil (19 to 21o API) from two Lower Cretaceous deepwater turbidite reservoirs and an Upper Jurassic shallow marine reservoir. The field was discovered in 1977 and was brought into production in 1997 using closely spaced long-reach horizontal wells. Field appraisal was performed using more than 25 vertical delineation wells; these, combined with existing 1990 vintage seismic data, yielded a top reservoir structure map that has been used to land many long-reach high net-togross horizontal development wells. The 1990 seismic survey, however, provided poor overall imaging and depth estimates of the reservoir zones because of weak signal-to-noise ratio and limited resolution at the key target reflectors. This was primarily caused by known geophysical problems associated with the relatively weak seismic reflectivity of the target sands and the complex geology of the overburden. The new seismic survey was charged with overcoming these geophysical problems.
MOLECULE (2016)

An alphabetic list of acronyms used in theoretical chemistry is presented. Some explanatory references have been added to make acronyms better understandable but still more are needed. Critical comments, additional references, etc. are requested.
Inlet Fogging of Gas Turbine Engines: Detailed Climatic Analysis of Gas Turbine Evaporative Cooling Potential (2001)

Inlet fogging of gas turbine engines has attained considerable popularity due to the ease of installation and the relatively low first cost compared to other inlet cooling methods. With increasing demand for power and with shortages envisioned especially during the peak load times during the summers, there is a need to boost gas turbine power. There is a sizable evaporative cooling potential throughout the world when the climatic data is evaluated based on an analysis of coincident wet bulb and dry bulb information. This data is not readily available to plant users. In this paper, a detailed climatic analysis is made of 122 locations in the US to provide the hours of cooling that can be obtained by direct evaporative cooling. This data will allow gas turbine operators to easily make an assessment of the economics of evaporative cooling. The paper also covers an introduction to direct evaporative cooling and the methodology and data analysis used to derive the cooling potential in different regions of the US. Simulation runs have been made for gas turbine simple cycles using a reference plant based on a GE Frame 7111EA gas turbine at the 122 locations studied in the US to provide a feel for the sensitivity of operation with inlet fogging.
Chemical Preparation of Colloidal Suspensions in Non-aqueous Solvents. II. Ether, Dioxane, and Acetone. (1940)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemical Preparation of Colloidal Suspensions in Non-aqueous Solvents. II. Ether, Dioxane, and Acetone.Arthur A. Vernon and Harrison A. NelsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1940, 44, 1, 21–25Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1940Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1940https://doi.org/10.1021/j150397a003RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (238 KB) Get e-Alerts
Lack of association between HLA‐A, ‐B and ‐DRB1 alleles and the development of SARS: a cohort of 95 SARS‐recovered individuals in a population of Guangdong, southern China (2008)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by infection with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV), was the first major novel infectious disease at the beginning of the 21st century, with China especially affected. SARS was characterized by high infectivity, morbidity and mortality, and the confined pattern of the disease spreading among the countries of South-East and East Asia suggested the existence of susceptible factor(s) in these populations. Studies in the populations of Hong Kong and Taiwan showed an association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms with the development and/or severity of SARS, respectively. The aim of the present study was to define the genotypic patterns of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in SARS patients and a co-resident population of Guangdong province, southern China, where the first SARS case was reported. The samples comprised 95 cases of recovered SARS patients and 403 unrelated healthy controls. HLA -A, -B and -DRB1 alleles were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The severity of the disease was assessed according to the history of lung infiltration, usage of assisted ventilation and occurrence of lymphocytopenia. Although the allelic frequencies of A23, A34, B60, DRB1*12 in the SARS group were slightly higher, and A33, -B58 and -B61 were lower than in the controls, no statistical significance was found when the Pc value was considered. Similarly, no association of HLA alleles with the severity of the disease was detected. Thus, variations in the major histocompatibility complex are unlikely to have contributed significantly to either the susceptibility or the severity of SARS in the population of Guangdong.
Emendation of the Description of Pseudomonas cepacia Burkholder (Synonyms: Pseudomonas multivorans Stainer et al., Pseudomonas kingae Jonsson; EO-1 Group) (1975)

It has been reported that the names Pseudomonas multivorans, P. kingae, and P. cepacia are synonymous and that P. cepacia has priority. We have confirmed this synonymy by subjecting a larger number of strains (15 each) of P. multivorans and P. kingae to a wider variety of morphological, nutritional, physiological, and biochemical tests than employed in other studies. A total of 127 tests performed on each strain showed that the two groups of strains were 94% similar, differing only in the following nine characters: growth at 41 C; pigmentation; growth on cetrimide agar; nitrate reduction; acid from sucrose and maltose on O-F medium; utilization of nicotinate and n-dodecane as sole carbon sources; and susceptibility to nalidixic acid. Salient properties for both groups of strains are nutritional versatility and accumulation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate as a cellular reserve material.
Computed Tomographic Angiography and Digital Subtraction Angiography Findings in Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome (2010)

Computed tomographic angiography can demonstrate both the vascular changes and the anatomic variations in the popliteal fossa and may be valuable in the diagnosis of PAES.
Special Edition Using Microsoft Windows Vista (2nd Edition) (Special Edition Using) (2008)

SPECIAL EDITION Microsoft Windows Vista Second Edition The only Windows Vista book you need We crafted this book to grow with you, providing the reference material you need as you move toward Vista proficiency and use more advanced features. If you buy only one book on Vista, Special Edition Using Microsoft Windows Vista, Second Edition, is the book you need. Tired of the constant barrage of spam, spyware, viruses and other Net nasties? We show you how to rebuke the onslaught of hacker attacks, protect your identity, and keep your sanity, all at the same time. Is the new Vista interface making your trigger-finger itch? Ours toothat is, until we turned Windows inside out, shook out all the loose parts, and figured out just what makes this beast tick. Learn from our pain and suffering. If you finally broke down and purchased a Windows Media Center computer, or if you think you have one and didnt even know it, you are holding just the book for you. We show you how to get up to speed with your new computer, transforming it from the little PC that could into the media juggernaut, entertainment center, gaming center, and way-better-than-TiVo replacement you never knew it could be. Ready to upgrade? We provide from-the-trenches advice on upgrading to Windows Vista. Maybe you to still want to run Windows XP but would like to try Vista for a while to see if you like it. We cover how to dual-boot your computer safely with both operating systems. Category: Microsoft Windows Operating System Covers: Microsoft Windows Vista, all versions Windows Vista Service Pack 1 User Level: BeginnerIntermediate Robert Cowart has written more than 40 books that have sold more than 1 million copies worldwide. He made his name writing for Sybex and Osbornemost notably in the best-selling Mastering Windows series. As an author and media developer for Que, Bob has written numerous Windows titles, including multiple editions of Ques flagship Windows book, Special Edition Using Mi crosoft Windows. Brian Knittel is a software developer, consultant, and writer. Hes authored or coauthored many of Ques best-selling Windows books, including Ques leading Windows book, Special Edition Using Microsoft Windows. Brian also is the author of Windows XP Under the Hood and coauthored Upgrading and Repairing Windows with Scott Mueller. On the CD-ROM More than 80 minutes of how-to video, showing you how to get up to speed with Windows Vista! Bob and Brian show you how the new Vista Welcome Center works, how to personalize and tweak the desktop, how to use the new Windows Explorers, how to manage user accounts and more! Using screen cam videos and voice over, youll be able to watch the Windows masters at work, taking the guesswork out of getting up to speed with Vista. Its like having Bob and Brian sitting next to you while youre learning how to use Vista!
<i>Ab initio</i>study of lithium intercalation in metal oxides and metal dichalcogenides (1997)

A study of the average voltage to intercalate lithium in various metal oxides is presented. By combining the ab initio pseudopotential method with basic thermodynamics the average intercalation voltage can be predicted without the need for experimental data. This procedure is used to systematically study the effect of metal chemistry, anion chemistry, and structure. It is found that Li is fully ionized in the intercalated compounds with its charge transferred to the anion and to the metal. The substantial charge transfer to the anion is responsible for the large voltage difference between oxides, sulfides, and selenides. Ionic relaxation, as a result of Li intercalation, causes nonrigid-band effects in the density of states of these materials. Suggestions for compounds that may have a substantially larger voltage than currently used materials are also presented.