gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The economical fuel cell (1969)

Most of today's development work in fuel cells is geared to the specific adaptation of these energy sources to user requirements. For powering lightweight portable equipment, the fuel cell-battery hybrid system has been found to be extremely useful and versatile. A minimum number of fuel cell and battery components can service a wide range of equipment at low development costs.
Isolated Metal Atom Geometries as a Strategy for Selective Heterogeneous Hydrogenations (2012)

Facile dissociation of reactants and weak binding of intermediates are key requirements for efficient and selective catalysis. However, these two variables are intimately linked in a way that does not generally allow the optimization of both properties simultaneously. By using desorption measurements in combination with high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, we show that individual, isolated Pd atoms in a Cu surface substantially lower the energy barrier to both hydrogen uptake on and subsequent desorption from the Cu metal surface. This facile hydrogen dissociation at Pd atom sites and weak binding to Cu allow for very selective hydrogenation of styrene and acetylene as compared with pure Cu or Pd metal alone.
Inversion of guided-wave dispersion data with application to borehole acoustics (2003)

The problem of inferring unknown geometry and material parameters of a waveguide model from noisy samples of the associated modal dispersion curves is considered. In a significant reduction of the complexity of a common inversion methodology, the inner of two nested iterations is eliminated: The approach described does not employ explicit fitting of the data to computed dispersion curves. Instead, the unknown parameters are adjusted to minimize a cost function derived directly from the determinant of the boundary condition system matrix. This results in an efficient inversion scheme that, in the case of noise-free data, yields exact results. Multimode data can be simultaneously processed without extra complications. Furthermore, the inversion scheme can accommodate an arbitrary number of unknown parameters, provided that the data have sufficient sensitivity to these parameters. As an important application, we consider the sonic guidance condition for a fluid-filled borehole in an elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic rock formation for numerical forward and inverse dispersion analysis. We investigate numerically the parametric inversion with errors in the model parameters and the influence of bandwidth and noise, and examine the cases of multifrequency and multimode data, using simulated flexural and Stoneley dispersion data.
Optical Path Computation Element interworking with Network Management System for Transparent Mesh Networks (2008)

Optical PCE and its interwork with the NMS were investigated for planning and operation of optical transparent networks. We successfully verified effective and fast optical-path computation taking into account the physical impairments and wavelength continuity.
Iterative Detection Based on Widely Linear Processing and Real-Valued Symbol Alphabets (2005)

In this paper, we consider an iterative or turbo receiver using a widely linear Wiener Filter (WF), i. e., the optimal widely linear filter based on the mean square error criterion. In communication systems where the transmitted symbols can be assumed to be realizations of a noncircular random variable, widely linear processing outperforms the linear one. Besides the non-circularity due to the a priori information fed back in the turbo scheme, we investigate real-valued modulation alphabets which are noncircular even if the a priori information is zero. We derive the widely linear WF for this case which has the same order of computational complexity as optimal linear processing. Moreover, we reveal the relationship between the proposed widely linear equalizer and interference cancellation based on the available a priori information. Simulation results of a frequency-selective system show the superiority of the proposed detector compared to the linear one although they have the same order of computational complexity.
Pentacyclic Oxindole Alkaloids from<i>Uncaria tomentosa</i>Induce Human Endothelial Cells to Release a Lymphocyte-Proliferation-Regulating Factor (1998)

In the present study we show that pentacyclic but not tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids from Uncoria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. (Rubiaceae) induced EA.hy926 endothelial cells to release some yet to be determined factor(s) into the supernatant; this factor was shown to significantly enhance proliferation of normal human resting or weakly activated B and T lymphocytes. In contrast, proliferation of normal human lymphoblasts and of both the human lymphoblastoid B cell line Raji and the human lymphoblastoid T cell line Jurkat was inhibited significantly while cell viability was not affected. Tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids dose-dependently reduce the activity of pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids on human endothelial cells.
Dose‐dependent Immunomodulatory Effects of Acetylsalicylic Acid and Indomethacin in Human Whole Blood: Potential Role of Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibition (2004)

The aim of the study was to characterize the in vitro effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a human whole blood assay. Whole blood samples were pre-incubated with acetylsalicylic acid, indomethacin, selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibitor (SC-560), COX-2 inhibitor (NS-398) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) before stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined directly at the cell level with the help of flow cytometry and/or in the plasma supernatant with the help of ELISA. High doses of acetylsalicylic acid were needed to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In contrast, low-to-moderate doses induced a modestly enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, indomethacin was demonstrated to increase the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a dose-dependent fashion. Upon addition of PGE2, however, LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha production was suppressed regardless of indomethacin presence. Interestingly, selective COX-2 inhibition (NS-398), but not selective COX-1 inhibition (SC-560), exerted a stimulatory effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These data emphasize that the immunomodulating effects of NSAIDs in whole blood are dose-dependent. Furthermore, the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by NSAIDs is potentially mediated by COX-2 inhibition. Although NSAIDs are successfully used in clinical practice for their net anti-inflammatory properties, our observations may contribute to the understanding of side effects induced by NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors.
Enzyme stability in systems with organic solvents. (1998)

This review deals with enzyme stability in organic solvent systems. Based on the current state of the problem, catalytic activity is chosen as the main tool for testing enzyme stability. Various enzyme properties being regarded as their "stability" at present, a classification of the types of enzyme stability most often discussed in the literature is put forward. Aggregation state of the biocatalytic system formed a basis for the analysis of enzyme stability in organic solvent systems. Regularities of enzyme function in homogeneous solutions in water--organic co-solvent mixtures and suspensions in practically anhydrous solvents are discussed, kinetic data being analyzed in parallel to results of structural studies. Based on the elaborated regularities, up-to-date methods for enzyme stabilization in organic solvent systems are considered.
Development of a Co-free NdFeB anisotropic bonded magnet produced from the d-HDDR processed powder (2001)

The NdFeB anisotropic bonded magnet produced by the HDDR method, which was developed in 1990, has not found general popularity due to its high cost and low serviceable temperature of 353 K. The authors have developed a new production method that overcomes these barriers to decrease the cost and increase the serviceable temperature. The use of the dynamic HDDR (d-HDDR) process eliminates the need for Co, thus greatly reducing the production cost of NdFeB anisotropic bonded magnets with a (BH) max of 159 kJ/m/sup 3/. The anisotropy of the NdFeB magnetic powder is induced by the control of the reaction rate of the NdFeB alloy and hydrogen, by controlling the hydrogen pressure in the HDDR process. The serviceable temperature is increased by the addition of Dy after the application of the d-HDDR method. An increase in intrinsic coercivity, iHc, from 1.12 MA/m to 1.56 MA/m, corresponds to a proportional increase in the serviceable temperature to 413 K.
Asymmetric Organic Reactions (1977)

RETURN TO ISSUEAdvertisementNEXTAsymmetric Organic ReactionsCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1977, 55, 3, 34Publication Date (Print):January 17, 1977Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 17 January 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v055n003.p034-BCopyright © 1977 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views-Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit SUBJECTS:Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
New Practical Synthesis of the Exceptional Musk Odorants (R)-Muscone and (R,Z)-5-Muscenone (2008)

Herein we describe a short and practical synthesis of the exceptional musk odorants (R)-muscone and (R,Z)-5-muscenone from a readily available achiral macrocyclic diketone. The key step of the synthesis is the first sodium N-methylephedrate mediated enantioselective aldol condensation reaction (up to 76% ee). This new type of reaction proceeds via a dynamic kinetic resolution of an aldol intermediate.
Compact 4G MIMO antenna integrated with a 5G array for current and future mobile handsets (2016)

A novel integrated antenna solution for wireless handheld devices is proposed for the existing 4G standards and upcoming 5G systems for broadband, high data rate communications. The complete antenna system is a unique combination of a multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system at microwave frequencies and a millimetre (mm)‐wave antenna array. The MIMO antenna system consists of two reactive loaded monopoles while the mm‐wave array consists of a planar 2 by four slot antennas. The integrated antenna system covers the frequency bands from 1870 to 2530 MHz for 4G standards along with the upcoming 5G mm‐wave band at 28 GHz. In addition, the integrated antenna system is planar and is designed for typical smart phone devices with a standard 60 mm by 100 mm by 0.965 mm back plane. Excellent field correlation values were obtained across the 4G band while realised peak gain values of 4 and 8 dBi were, respectively, measured for the MIMO and mm‐wave antenna arrays. The proposed antenna design may also be useful for other compact implementations that support 4G and 5G communications.
Formation and Unexpected Catalytic Reactivity of Organoaluminum Boryloxides (2001)

The synthesis and structural characterization of mono- and tris-boryloxide complexes of aluminum are described. The mono-boryloxide aluminum species are found to catalyze the conversion of borinic acids to cyclic boroxines (RBO)3 with elimination of mesitylene (ΔH‡ 89.1 kJ mol-1; ΔS‡ 145 J mol-1 K; ΔG‡ (293 K) 46.7 kJ mol-1).
Employing NiO as a hole collector in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (2004)

Official journal of the Institute of Physics - Sri Lanka. Full text articles are available. The journal also has a website at http://www.ip-sl.org/sljp/The new email for the Editor is eic.ipsl@gmail.com.
Synchronization of Processed Audio-Video Signals using Time-Stamps (2007)

This paper proposes a system for synchronizing audio and video signals after they have been captured and processed in separate modules. The captured audio signal is run through a speech recognizer while the video signal, captured using a single camera, is run through an object detector. The synchronization system uses time-stamps from both processes to produce a synchronized output containing the detected objects and their relative recognized speech. The processed audio and video streams are buffered and the paper proposes an integration scheme such that a synchronized output is realized.
Experimental Evaluation of Absorbable Copolymer Staples for Hysterectomy (1986)

Absorbable copolymer staples of three different variants were tested for retention of tensile strength after implantation into the peritoneal cavity of rats. One type maintained tensile strength for two weeks, but then lost it rapidly over the next week. The same three staple compounds were further compared after use for vaginal vault closure during ovariohysterectomy in adult sheep. In all ewes the absorbable staples were effective in providing a stable vaginal cuff closure. The postoperative tissue reaction was minimal. The goal of developing an absorbable staple that would degrade rapidly without compromising wound stability was achieved.
The impact of HIV-associated neuropsychological impairment on everyday functioning (2004)

HIV-1 infection can be associated with neuropsychological (NP) deficits ranging from subtle to severe. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional, or "real-world" impact of HIV-associated NP impairment in a group of 267 HIV-infected participants. All participants received comprehensive NP, neuromedical, and standardized functional evaluations that included laboratory measures of shopping, cooking, financial management, medication management and vocational abilities. Compared to NP-normal participants, those with NP impairment performed significantly worse on all laboratory measures of everyday functioning. Multivariate analyses revealed that the NP ability domains of Abstraction/Executive Function, Learning, Attention/Working Memory and Verbal abilities most strongly and consistently predicted failures on the functional battery. Both NP impairment and impairment on the functional battery were significantly associated with subjective experiences of cognitive difficulties, as well as unemployment and increased dependence in activities of daily living; multivariate prediction models that also considered depressed mood and biological measures of disease progression revealed that impairment on the functional battery and depression were the only unique predictors of all three indicators of "real-world" functioning. The current results add to growing evidence concerning the clinical significance of HIV-associated NP impairment. Objective, laboratory based functional measures, such as those used here, may compliment NP testing in future studies directed at understanding the impact on life quality of central nervous system disorders and their treatments. Finally, there is a need for additional research investigating the apparently independent effect of depression on level of everyday functioning in HIV infected persons.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of breast disease (1986)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast was performed in 10 volunteers and 102 women with suspected breast disease, using a 0.35-T superconducting magnet. All patients had prior x-ray mammography. MRI was superior to mammography in differentiating solid from cystic lesions and equivalent to mammography in providing information regarding different parenchymal patterns. Of 21 surgically proven carcinomas of the breast, MRI correctly identified 18 and mammography identified 19. The major disadvantage of MRI is its inability to show calcifications, benign or malignant. Future studies will be needed to show the relative values of sonography and MRI in detecting small cysts. In addition, MRI in future should be able to demonstrate small, noncalcified masses in mammographically dense, fibrocystic breasts.
Les Cercosporioses du bananier et leurs traitements. Comportement des variétés. Etude de la sensibilité variétale des bananiers et plantains à Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet et de quelques caractéristiques biologiques de la Maladie des raies noires au Gabon (1984)

Le groupe Fijiensis, Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet et M. fijiensis var. Difformis agent de la Sigatoka noire, semble se substituer dans la régions productrices de bananiers à la Maladie de Sigatoka (M. musicola Leach). Tous les pays producteurs de bananes d'Afrique Occidentale sont actuellement menacés par M. fijiensis. M. fijiensis diffère de M. musicola par ses caractéristiques biologiques et son activité pathogène. Parallèlement à des essais fongicides, des essais de sensibilité variétale ont été entrepris. Etude de variétés appartenant aux groupes diploïde et triploïde. Acuminata, triploïdes hybrides AAB et ABB : caractéristiques morphologiques et biométriques des plantes asexuées et sexuées; intensité de la sporulation; répartition des symptômes sur le limbe; étude du transport latéral des ascospores; incubation et évolution de la maladie. Résultats. Lutte génétique contre les Cercosporioses est peu avancée. La sélection de variétés résistantes est longue
Status of x-ray lithography (1980)

This paper will review some of the current approaches to x-ray lithography technology for device and circuit fabrication. Recent results in source, mask, process, and alignment research will be surveyed. A special emphasis will be placed on the differences in approach using full wafer, conventional source systems compared with those which are based on step and repeat and which may use a storage ring source. Systems which use a full wafer approach can compete with full wafer optical lithography at minimum circuit feature dimensions greater than about 1 1/2µm. Their resolution is also competitive with that of optical wafer steppers, but the overlay achievable with wafer steppers is potentially better. If the resolution achievable with x-rays (≪1µm) is combined with the local control over alignment obtainable with a step-and-repeat approach, then a lithographic technology compatible with dense submicron circuits is potentially obtainable. However, this case will need the increased exposure speed which is achieved most easily by use of a synchrotron radiation source.
Glasses detection and extraction by deformable contour (2002)

To achieve a face recognition system robust to the presence of spectacles, we have developed a spectacle detection and extraction algorithm. The detection is realized using edge information within a small area defined between the eyes. The extraction is achieved with a deformable contour, combining edge features such as strength and orientation and geometrical features such as convexity, symmetry, smoothness and continuity. The final position of the deformable contour is obtained using dynamic programming. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, and the robustness to the variation of spectacle shapes and colours.
Use of an Attenuated Strain of Venezuelan Equine Encephalo-Myelitis Virus for Immunization in Man (1963)

SummaryAn attenuated strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus has been employed for the immunization of persons at the risk of infection with virulent strains of this virus.Systemic reactions following inoculation of either 50th or 80th passage virus occurred in approximately 40% of persons who had previously received several doses of killed vaccine. In persons who had not received the vaccine such reactions occurred in approximately 85%.The attenuated virus elicited immunity in man against challenge with virulent unmodified virus.A substrain was derived by plaque selection which differed from the original attenuated virus in its reduced capacity to induce untoward reactions in selected laboratory hosts and in man.Animals inoculated with the substrain of attenuated virus resisted challenge with 109 lethal doses of four other strains of virulent VEE virus.
Fully Closed-Loop Multiple Model Probabilistic Predictive Controller Artificial Pancreas Performance in Adolescents and Adults in a Supervised Hotel Setting (2018)

MMPPC was safe in a supervised setting despite meal and exercise challenges. Further studies are needed in a less supervised environment.
High-Throughput Screening Platform for Natural Product–Based Drug Discovery Against 3 Neglected Tropical Diseases: Human African Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, and Chagas Disease (2014)

African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease are 3 neglected tropical diseases for which current therapeutic interventions are inadequate or toxic. There is an urgent need to find new lead compounds against these diseases. Most drug discovery strategies rely on high-throughput screening (HTS) of synthetic chemical libraries using phenotypic and target-based approaches. Combinatorial chemistry libraries contain hundreds of thousands of compounds; however, they lack the structural diversity required to find entirely novel chemotypes. Natural products, in contrast, are a highly underexplored pool of unique chemical diversity that can serve as excellent templates for the synthesis of novel, biologically active molecules. We report here a validated HTS platform for the screening of microbial extracts against the 3 diseases. We have used this platform in a pilot project to screen a subset (5976) of microbial extracts from the MEDINA Natural Products library. Tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that 48 extracts contain potentially new compounds that are currently undergoing de-replication for future isolation and characterization. Known active components included actinomycin D, bafilomycin B1, chromomycin A3, echinomycin, hygrolidin, and nonactins, among others. The report here is, to our knowledge, the first HTS of microbial natural product extracts against the above-mentioned kinetoplastid parasites.
Part-based modelling of compound scenes from images (2015)

We propose a method to recover the structure of a compound scene from multiple silhouettes. Structure is expressed as a collection of 3D primitives chosen from a predefined library, each with an associated pose. This has several advantages over a volume or mesh representation both for estimation and the utility of the recovered model. The main challenge in recovering such a model is the combinatorial number of possible arrangements of parts. We address this issue by exploiting the intrinsic structure and sparsity of the problem, and show that our method scales to scenes constructed from large libraries of parts.
Image reversal reactive immersion lithography improves the detection limit of focal molography (2018)

Focal molography is a label-free optical biosensing method that relies on a coherent pattern of binding sites for biomolecular interaction analysis. Reactive immersion lithography (RIL) is central to the patterning of molographic chips but has potential for improvements. Here, we show that applying the idea of image reversal to RIL enables the fabrication of coherent binding patterns of increased quality (i.e., higher analyte efficiency). Thereby the detection limit of focal molography in biological assays can be improved.