gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structure, Properties, and Cross-linking Reactions of Poly(ester acetals) (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure, Properties, and Cross-linking Reactions of Poly(ester acetals)Robert W. LenzCite this: Macromolecules 1969, 2, 2, 129–136Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60008a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60008a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views394Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fibrillation of Lyocell Fiber and its Application in Battery Separator (2011)

Lyocell, commercially supplied by Lenzing Fibers under the trade name Tencel are used in the manufacture of dry-laid and wet-laid nonwovens as well as speciality papers for high performance. The fibrillation behaviour of Tencel fiber on different SEL condition was studied in this paper. The results show that Tencel fiber can be well fibrilated with long fiber length after refining at 0.4-0.8Ws/m SEL. The distribution of microfibers diameter are mostly between 200nm to 2000nm. The fibrilated fibers were applied in alkaline Zn/MnO 2 battery separator. The properties of the resulting papers in comparison to the commercial separator are much better especially in prorosity and pore size.
Effects of plasma dilution on tissue factor–induced thrombin generation and thromboelastography: partly compensating role of platelets (2008)

Thrombin generation and clot formation are reduced at a plasma dilution of more than 40 percent. In either process, PLTs can partly compensate for the dilution effect. In vitro dilution with colloids impaired fibrin clot elasticity compared to saline.
UWB tomography for breast tumor detection (2009)

ii Recent studies show that one in 13 women will suffer from breast cancer throughout his life. In spite of the increase of breast cancer incidence, the mortality is decreasing significantly, up to a point that nowadays 90 % of localized breast tumors are curable. Nevertheless a tumor only can be cured when is detected in his early stage. In this sense, periodic scanning recommendations in woman over 50 are of vital importance. Currently, X-ray mammography is recognized as the preferred method, however it entails uncomfortable breast compression and exposure to low levels of ionization radiation, which can put some inconvenience for the woman to respect the recommendations. Microwave tomographic imaging techniques appeared as a solution to overcome this drawbacks while offering a good trade-off between resolution and penetration depth. Moreover healthy and malignant breast tissue present at these frequencies high contrast in dielec-tric properties which is the magnitude to be imaged. In this Master Thesis a contribution to active microwave imaging for breast tumor detection is pre-sented. Microwave imaging is a nonlinear inverse scattering problem, where complex permittivity of an object is reconstructed from the measured scattered field produced by this object. To solve that problem,
Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 1. 8.beta.-Alkyl-, 8.beta.-acyl-, and 8.beta.-(tertiary alcohol)dihydrocodeinones and -dihydromorphinones (1980)

Conjugate addition of lithium dialkyl cuprates to codeinone (3) gave as the major product a series of 8 beta-alkyldihydrocodeinones 4a-m. A low yield of the 8 alpha-isomer 6 was isolated in several cases. 8 beta-Acyldihydrocodeinones 10 were prepared by the addition of acyl carbanion equivalents (protected cyanohydrin method or lithium bis(alpha-ethoxyvinyl)cuprate) to 3 followed by hydrolysis. 8 beta-Acetyldihydrocodeine (12) was reacted with MeLi or n-BuLi to give tertiary alcohols 13, which were oxidized to target dihydrocodeinones 14. The 8 beta-substituted compounds with unsaturated (4c,f,m), branched (4d,g,i-k), or large straight-chain (4h,l) alkyl groups, as well as the acyl (10a-d) and tertiary alcohol (14a,b) derivatives, were less active than dihydrocodeinone (4n) in the mouse writhing and rat tail-flick analgesic assays. The analgesically active 8 beta-methyl (4a) and 8 beta-ethyl (4b) compounds were converted to N-(cyclopropylmethyl)- and N-(cyclobutylmethyl)dihydronorcodeinones (17 and 18) and -dihydronormorphinones (19 and 20). Some of these compounds had mixed agonist-antagonist profiles of action. One of these compounds, N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8 beta-ethyldihydronorcodeinone (17b), has been selected for further study in man.
Taurodeoxycholate Increases the Number of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells That Ameliorate Sepsis in Mice (2018)

Bile acids (BAs) control metabolism and inflammation by interacting with several receptors. Here, we report that intravenous infusion of taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) decreases serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, normalizes hypotension, protects against renal injury, and prolongs mouse survival during sepsis. TDCA increases the number of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC<sub>LT</sub>) distinctive from MDSCs obtained without TDCA treatment (MDSC<sub>L</sub>) in the spleen of septic mice. FACS-sorted MDSC<sub>LT</sub> cells suppress T-cell proliferation and confer protection against sepsis when adoptively transferred better than MDSC<sub>L</sub>. Proteogenomic analysis indicated that TDCA controls chromatin silencing, alternative splicing, and translation of the immune proteome of MDSC<sub>LT</sub>, which increases the expression of anti-inflammatory molecules such as oncostatin, lactoferrin and CD244. TDCA also decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules such as neutrophil elastase. These findings suggest that TDCA globally edits the proteome to increase the number of MDSC<sub>LT</sub> cells and affect their immune-regulatory functions to resolve systemic inflammation during sepsis.
Immunochemical and Chemical Studies on Streptococcal Group-Specific Carbohydrates (1975)

Structural studies on the carbohydrates of Groups A, C, and A-variant (AV) streptococci have utilized periodate oxidation, permethylation analysis, and immunochemical comparison of intact and periodate-oxidized polysaccharides. The data indicate that a similar 1,2- and 1,3-linked rhamnose chain is present in both the A and AV carbohydrates. The group A carbohydrate contains in addition N-acetylglucosamine residues at nonreducing terminals, whereas the AV is a homopolymer of rhamnose. There is some evidence that Group Ccarbohydrate contains the same rhamnose chain, but structural comparisons to the A and AV carbohydrates are complicated by the presence of intrachain N-acetylgalactosamine residues. Periodate oxidation and permethylation analysis show that while approximately 50% of the N-acetylgalactosamine of the Group C carbohydrate occupies terminal positions, the remainder is present as 1,3-linked units. Removal of the nonreducing terminal hexosamine units from the Group A carbohydrate by periodate treatment significantly enhanced its cross-reactivity with AV antiserum, whereas no enhancement was observed after similar treatment of the Group C carbohydrate. The data indicate the presence of an alpha-1,3-linked N-acetylgalactosamine disaccharide at the nonreducing terminal of the Group C carbohydrate.
Vadose Zone Monitoring: Experiences and Trends in the United States (1995)

Abstract The vadose zone is the portion of the geologic profile above a perennial aquifer. Inclusion of mandatory vadose zone monitoring techniques as an approach to aquifer protect ion was first proposed under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in the United States in 1978 and has since received increasing acceptance at federal and stale levels. The goals of a vadose zone characterization and monitoring effort are to establish background conditions, identify contaminant transport pathways, identify the extent and degree of existing contamination, establish the basis for monitoring network design, measure the parameters needed in a risk assessment, and provide detection of contaminant migration toward ground water resources. The benefits of vadose zone monitoring include early warning of contaminant migration, potential reduction of ground water monitoring efforts, reduction of contaminant spreading and volume, and reduced time and cost of remediation once a contaminant release occurs. Vadose zone characterization and monitoring techniques should be considered as critical hydrologic tools in the prevention of ground water resource degradation.
Comparative lambing dates of untreated ewes and ewes treated with various hormone preparations. (1952)

Approximately 1000 commercial ewes of different ages and types,\nand 400 purebred ewes of three different breeds, were included in\nthe study. Three hormone preparations available on the market and\nsimilar to others being offered for sale were used. One of these\nwas a gonadotropic hormone prepared from dried sheep pituitaries;\nanother was a synthetic estrogenic (or heat producing) hormone\nknown as Stilbesterol; and the third product used was a naturally occurring\nestrogenic material obtained from pregnancy urine. Different groups of ewes in each flock were given these preparations\nduring the early part of June, 1951, and their subsequent breeding\nand lambing dates compared with groups within each flock that were\nuntreated. The accompanying table gives the results of the study\non the commercial ewes.
Crystallization processes of amorphous Si by thermal annealing and pulsed laser processing (2011)

Amorphous Si thin films deposited on oxidized crystalline Si surface (111) were crystallized by thermal annealing and nanosecond green laser pulses. The Raman scattering spectra show that thermal annealing can provide nearly fully crystallized poly-Si film. Laser crystallization of amorphous Si is more flexible crystallization method, but it is more difficult to reach high levels of crystallinity. Depth studies of laser treated samples reveal a thin amorphous-like interlayer between substrate surface and crystallized Si film.
A high-power multitransistor-inverter uninterruptable power supply system (1988)

The active and reactive load distribution between n paralleled single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters is equalized by virtue of n-1 load-sharing control loops. The approach permits the construction of UPS systems of any desired power rating at maximum utilization of the power components. The method of harmonic cancellation decreases the switching frequency of the power devices while maintaining good dynamic performance. The design details of a 45 kVA UPS inverter system with 150% steady-state overload capability are presented. The performance under various operating conditions is illustrated by oscillograms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Medical applications of near-eye display devices: An exploratory study (2014)

Google Glass may have a number of clinical applications and can quicken interventions where vital signs or other visual data need to be monitored by the operator.
Isothermal reorganization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) revealed by fast calorimetry (1000 K s<sup>−1</sup>; 5 ms) (2004)

Reorganization of semicrystalline polymers on heating is a fast process. For poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) heating rates of several thousand Kelvin per second are needed to prevent reorganization of unstable crystals. Utilizing a thin film vacuum gauge as a fast calorimeter we are able to extend the scanning rate range of commercial DSC's (microK s(-1) to 10 K s(-1)) to rates as high as 10000 K s(-1) on heating and cooling. Because of the fast equilibration time isothermal experiments can be performed after scanning at several thousand Kelvin per second. The dead time after such a quench is in the order of 10 ms and the time resolution is in the order of milliseconds. These ultra fast calorimeters allow us to study the kinetics of extremely fast processes in semicrystalline polymers like reorganization. For PET crystallized at 130 degrees C reorganization needs less than 40 ms between 150 degrees C and 200 degrees C. Isothermal reorganization at 223 degrees C is about two orders of magnitude faster than isothermal crystallization from the isotropic melt at the same temperature. The melt memory for the remaining structures needed for reorganization is removed 25 K above the equilibrium melting temperature of PET.
A Markov Random Field Model for Medical Image Denoising (2009)

In this paper, we model the image prior using Markov random field. It is difficult to model image priors directly on the intensity value of each pixel, as the relationships between intensity values of pixels are extremely complicated. Instead, we model the probability by how likely we observe the filter responses. The filters of size 5times5 are learned from PCA on 5times5 patches. The distributions of filter responses are modeled by double exponential distributions with parameters obtained also from PCA. Based on this prior model, the denoising algorithm is carried out on the basis of Bayesian Analysis. The clean image is the most likely image given the observation and the previous knowledge (prior). We perform the gradient ascent method on the logarithm of the posterior probability to find the most likely image. We apply this denoising algorithm on fMRI images and ultrasound images and have very good denoising results.
Responsible marketing: an agency’s role (2003)

Considers the role of the marketing agency in creating children’s marketing strategies, especially their responsibility to ensure that brands target children in a fair and ethical way. Begins with the client brief, using the example of Marks and Spencer’s Back to School campaign, designed by agency Lickle Yellow Submarine. Points out the problems of time pressures in translating an idea into a campaign; another pitfall is aping competitors by jumping on bandwagons. Moves on to analysis of campaign results, illustrating the need to include qualitative as well as financial criteria by the relationship that Lickle Yellow Submarine has developed with Pictionary. Concludes with the importance of adhering to ethical codes of practice; provided that brands do this, they fulfil a useful role, for children especially, in defining the values and functions of each product.
Four-Month Moxifloxacin-Based Regimens for Drug-Sensitive Tuberculosis (2014)

The two moxifloxacin-containing regimens produced a more rapid initial decline in bacterial load, as compared with the control group. However, noninferiority for these regimens was not shown, which indicates that shortening treatment to 4 months was not effective in this setting. (Funded by the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development and others; REMoxTB ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00864383.).
Development and characterization of a triple combination gene therapy vector inhibiting HIV‐1 multiplication (2008)

These findings make this triple lentiviral vector an attractive candidate for a gene therapy against HIV/AIDS.
Low loss dielectric ridge waveguide based on high resistivity silicon for E<inf>11</inf><sup>y</sup> Mode Propagation at 750&#x2013;1000GHz (2015)

In this paper, dielectric ribbon waveguides (DRWs) are designed to work at 750–1000 GHz. In this frequency band, the Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) of high resistivity silicon fabrication process is selected to fabricate the DRW. Our experiments show that the average attenuation constant of DRW is merely 0.107dB/mm at 750–1000GHz. Good agreements between the measured and simulated results are observed.
Purification and characterization of a novel antifungal protein from Bacillus subtilis strain B29 (2009)

An antifungal protein was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B29. The isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-52 cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on Bio-Gel P-100. The protein was absorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Bio-Gel P-100. The purified antifungal fraction was designated as B29I, with a molecular mass of 42.3 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), pI value 5.69 by isoelectric focusing (IEF)-PAGE, and 97.81% purity by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). B29I exhibited inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium moniliforme, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) of its antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were 45 and 112 micromol/L, respectively. B29I also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on conidial spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum and suppression of germ-tube elongation, and induced distortion, tumescence, and rupture of a portion of the germinated spores.
Temporal Pyramid Pooling Based Convolutional Neural Networks for Action Recognition (2015)

Encouraged by the success of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in image classification, recently much effort is spent on applying CNNs to video based action recognition problems. One challenge is that video contains a varying number of frames which is incompatible to the standard input format of CNNs. Existing methods handle this issue either by directly sampling a fixed number of frames or bypassing this issue by introducing a 3D convolutional layer which conducts convolution in spatial-temporal domain. To solve this issue, here we propose a novel network structure which allows an arbitrary number of frames as the network input. The key of our solution is to introduce a module consisting of an encoding layer and a temporal pyramid pooling layer. The encoding layer maps the activation from previous layers to a feature vector suitable for pooling while the temporal pyramid pooling layer converts multiple frame-level activations into a fixed-length video-level representation. In addition, we adopt a feature concatenation layer which combines appearance information and motion information. Compared with the frame sampling strategy, our method avoids the risk of missing any important frames. Compared with the 3D convolutional method which requires a huge video dataset for network training, our model can be learned on a small target dataset because we can leverage the off-the-shelf image-level CNN for model parameter initialization. Experiments on two challenging datasets, Hollywood2 and HMDB51, demonstrate that our method achieves superior performance over state-of-the-art methods while requiring much fewer training data.
Transformation of tetra- and trichloromethane to CO2 by anaerobic bacteria is a non-enzymic process (1990)

Degradation of tetrachloromethane was examined in the three strictly anaerobic bacteria, Acetobacterium woodii, Desulfobacterium autotrophicum and Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum When incubated under anaerobic conditions in reduced buffer, suspensions of each organism degraded CCl4 by both reductive and substitutive mechanisms. The products formed included less-highly chlorinated methanes and CO2. Cell-free extracts of A. woodii degraded tetrachloromethane in a manner similar to that in whole cells but at a lower rate (63 vs. 110 μkat/kg of protein). When M. thermoautotrophicum or A. woodii was autoclaved, reductive dechlorination was partly abolished, whereas substitutive dechlorination was retained. Trichloromethane was oxidized to CO2 by both native and autoclaved cells of A. woodii. Halomethanes are thus degraded anaerobically by reductive, substitutive and oxidative mechanisms.
Formation of Nano-emulsions by Low-Energy Emulsification Methods at Constant Temperature (2001)

Formation of nano-emulsions has been studied in the system water/Brij 30/decane at 25 °C by three low-energy emulsification methods: (A) stepwise addition of oil to a water−surfactant mixture, (B) stepwise addition of water to a solution of the surfactant in oil, and (C) mixing all the components in the final composition. Nano-emulsions with average droplet size of 50 nm and high kinetic stability have been obtained only at oil weight fractions, R, lower than 0.3 by emulsification method B. Independent of the oil weight fraction, R, emulsions obtained by method B have lower polydispersity than those obtained by methods A and C. Phase behavior studies have revealed that compositions giving rise to nano-emulsions consist of Wm, (O/W microemulsion), Lα (lamellar liquid crystalline), and O (oil) phases, at equilibrium. It has been shown that equilibrium properties cannot fully explain nano-emulsion formation. Low values of equilibrium interfacial tensions and phase equilibrium involving a lamellar liquid crystalline phase are probably required but not sufficient to obtain nano-emulsions in this system. The key factor for nano-emulsion formation has been attributed to the kinetics of the emulsification process. The change in the natural curvature of the surfactant during the emulsification process may play a major role in achieving emulsions with small droplet size.
Nucleosides. XI. Synthesis of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosul-5-Fluorouracil and Related Nucleosides<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleosides. XI. Synthesis of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosul-5-Fluorouracil and Related Nucleosides1Naishun C. Yung, Joseph H. Burchenal, Ronald Fecher, Robert Duschinsky, and Jack J. FoxCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 19, 4060–4065Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01480a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01480a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Planning Minister: New Framework to Protect Maribyrnong River - a Shared Vision for a Vibrant River (2010)

The key aspects and features of the 'The Maribyrnong River Valley Design Guidelines' are discussed. Highlighted are some of the key actions included under the new framework.