gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The SCORE approach to blind adaptive signal extraction: an application of the theory of spectral correlation (2003)

A new approach to blind adaption of antenna arrays is presented that has the capability to extract PCM, AM, and FDM-FM communication signals-of-interest (SOIs) from cochannel interference environments using only known spectral correlation properties of those SOIs, i.e. without using knowledge of the antenna array manifold, SOI waveform, or SOI direction-of-arrival to train the array. The class of self-coherence restoral (SCORE) objective functions is introduced, and flexible algorithms for adapting antenna arrays to optimize these objective functions are developed. It is shown that these algorithms will maximize the SOI SINR at the output of any antenna array when a single SOI with self-coherence at a known value of frequency separation and an arbitrary number of interferers without self-coherence at that frequency separation are impinging on the array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Maintenance Therapy with Interferon Alfa 2b in Hodgkin Disease (1998)

We performed a randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and toxicity of interferon alfa 2b (IFN) as maintenance therapy in patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease in complete remission (CR) after conventional chemotherapy. One hundred and thirty-five patients (stage IIIB-IV B) were initially treated with EBVD (epirubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine). IF CR was achieved they were randomly assigned to receive either maintenance therapy with IFN 5.0 MU three times a week for one year or no further treatment (control group). Clinical and laboratory characteristics at diagnosis were quite similar in both groups. After a median follow-up of 74.3 months (range 49 to 108), 61 out of 68 patients (91%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 76% to 97%) remain in first complete remission in the IFN-treated group compared to 38 out of 67 (58%; 95% CI: 49% to 71%) in the control group (p<.01). Overall survival was also better in the IFN treated group: 62 patients (92%; 95% CI: 82% to 97%) are alive free of disease at 7-years compared to 40 patients (67%, 95%: 55% to 76%) in the control group (p<.01). Toxicity secondary to IFN administration was mild and no dose modification was necessary during treatment. All patients received the planned dose of IFN. This was not an intent-to treat analysis. IFN administration as maintenance therapy was appears to be the only cause of improvement in outcome in these patients. We feel that IFN should be considered as maintenance therapy in patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease because this treatment improves the final outcome without the excessive toxicities of more aggressive therapeutic approaches such as bone marrow transplantation during first CR. We hope that IFN will be considered in future randomized clinical trials in order to define it's role in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.
Improved speaker recognition when using i-vectors from multiple speech sources (2011)

The concept of speaker recognition using i-vectors was recently introduced offering state-of-the-art performance. An i-vector is a compact representation of a speaker's utterance after projection into a low-dimensional, total variability subspace trained using factor analysis. A secondary process involving linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is then used to improve the discrimination of i-vectors from different speakers. The newness of this technology invokes the question as to the best way to train the total variability subspace and LDA matrix when using speech collected from distinctly different sources. This paper presents a comparative study of a number of subspace training techniques and a novel source-normalised and-weighted LDA algorithm for the purpose of improving i-vector based speaker recognition under mis-matched evaluation conditions. Results from the NIST 2010 speaker recognition evaluation (SRE) suggest that accounting for source conditions in the LDA matrix as opposed to the total variability subspace training regime provides improved robustness to mis-matched evaluation conditions.
Neuropathology of the Mcoln1−/− Knockout Mouse Model of Mucolipidosis Type IV (2009)

The recently developed Mcoln1(-/-) knockout mouse provides a novel model for analyzing mucolipin 1 function and mucolipidosis type IV disease. Here we characterize the neuropathology of Mcoln1(-/-) mouse at the end stage. Evidence of ganglioside accumulation, including increases in GM2, GM3, and GD3 and redistribution of GM1, was found throughout the central nervous system (CNS) independent of significant cholesterol accumulation. Unexpectedly, colocalization studies using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed that GM1 and GM2 were present in separate vesicles within individual neurons. While GM2 was significantly colocalized with LAMP2, consistent with late-endosomal/lysosomal processing, some GM2-immunoreactivity occurred in LAMP2-negative sites, suggesting involvement of other vesicular systems. P62/Sequestosome 1 (P62/SQSTM1) inclusions were also identified in the CNS of the Mcoln1(-/-) mouse, suggesting deficiencies in protein degradation. Glial cell activation was increased in brain, and there was evidence of reduced myelination in cerebral and cerebellar white matter tracts. Autofluorescent material accumulated throughout the brains of the knockout mice. Finally, axonal spheroids were prevalent in white matter tracts and Purkinje cell axons. This neuropathological characterization of the Mcoln1(-/-) mouse provides an important step in understanding how mucolipin 1 loss of function affects the CNS and contributes to mucolipidosis type IV disease.
Graphical Multiprocessing Analysis Tool (GMAT) (1988)

The design and debugging of parallel programs is a difficult task due to the complex synchronization and data scoping issues involed. to aid the programmer in paralle code dvelopment we have developed two methodologies for the graphical display of execution of parallel codes. The Graphical Multiprocessing Analysis Tools (GMAT) consist of stategraph, which represents an inheritance tree of task states, and timeline, which represens task as flowing sequence of events. Information about the code can be displayed as the application runs (dynamic mode) or played back with time under user control (static mode). This document discusses the design and user interface issues involved in developing the parallel application display GMAT family. Also, we present an introductory user's guide for both tools. 4 figs.
Autonomous Road Vehicles: Challenges for Urban Planning in European Cities (2019)

Autonomous vehicles will significantly affect mobility conditions in the future. The changes in mobility conditions are expected to have an impact on urban development and, more specifically, on location choices, land use organisation and infrastructure design. Nowadays, there is not enough data for a real-life assessment of this impact. Experts estimate that autonomous vehicles will be available for uptake in the next decade. Therefore, urban planners should consider the possible impacts from autonomous vehicles on cities and the future challenges for urban planning. In this context, the present paper focuses on the challenges from the implementation of autonomous road vehicles for passenger transport in European cities. The analysis is based on a systematic review of research and policy. The main outcome of the analysis is a set of challenges for urban planning regarding the features of urban development, the local and European policy priorities, the current lack of data for planning and the potential for autonomous vehicles to be used by planners as data sources. The paper concludes that tackling these challenges is essential for the full exploitation of the autonomous vehicles’ potential to promote sustainable urban development.
Mitral valve replacement with aortic heterografts in humans (1967)

The complications associated with the implantation of prosthetic valves and the experimental attempts to graft the mitral valve are described. Because of the disadvantages connected with the use of artificial valves and as the experimental methods of grafting the mitral valve did not prove satisfactory for clinical use, the authors developed a technique for mitral valve replacement using heterologous aortic valves—reinforced by a semirigid Teflon ring—placed above the mitral annulus inside the atrial cavity. The technique of collecting, preparing, and inserting these grafts is described in detail. Using this method, seven patients with mitral incompetence or mitral disease were operated upon between February and April, 1967. One patient died five weeks after the operation from bacterial endocarditis in a period of severe hospital infection with staphylococcus. The other six patients had a very good clinical result immediately after surgery. At the present time they are symptom-free and have normal heart sounds. Clinical and experimental data are discussed concerning the long-term fate of aortic heterografts in the mitral position.
Identification of nonproliferating but viable hypoxic tumor cells in vivo. (1998)

We have used the combination of pimonidazole labeling of hypoxic cells, bromodeoxyuridine labeling of proliferating cells, and cell sorting based on Hoechst 33342 perfusion to directly study hypoxia and proliferation in human tumor xenografts and transplantable murine tumors in vivo. Hypoxia was largely confined to cells in regions with the least perfusion, although in tumors exhibiting transient blood flow, hypoxic cells were not as highly localized. Similarly, proliferation and hypoxia were mutually exclusive except in areas of a tumor subjected to transient changes in perfusion. By determining the clonogenic potential, pimonidazole labeling intensity, and radiosensitivity of sorted tumor cell subpopulations, we have provided direct evidence that pimonidazole identifies hypoxic tumor cells of therapeutic relevance in vivo. Given that pimonidazole exhibits few diffusion or delivery problems and no apparent cytotoxicity, it appears to be a versatile and useful label for hypoxic cells in solid tumors.
Wireless sensor networks applications in aircraft structural health monitoring (2015)

Aircraft industry has to meet a challenge of reducing operational and maintenance costs. One of the possible ways for reducing these costs is the introduction of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSNs are already finding a variety of applications for both safety-critical and non-safety critical distributed systems. This paper deals with the application of WSNs for aircraft structural health monitoring. Special attention has been given to the WSNs design issues using available components on the market. A general scheme for aircraft structural health monitoring using MicroStrain components has been proposed.
A system architecture for context-aware mobile computing (1995)

Computer applications traditionally expect a static execution environment. However, this precondition is generally not possible for mobile systems, where the world around an application is constantly changing. This thesis explores how to support and also exploit the dynamic configurations and social settings characteristic of mobile systems. More specifically, it advances the following goals: (1) enabling seamless interaction across devices; (2) creating physical spaces that are responsive to users; and (3) and building applications that are aware of the context of their use. Examples of these goals are: continuing in your office a program started at home; using a PDA to control someone else&apos;s windowing UI; automatically canceling phone forwarding upon return to your office; having an airport overheaddisplay highlight the flight information viewers are likely to be interested in; easily locating and using the nearest printer or fax machine; and automatically turning off a PDA&apos;s audible e-mail notification when in a meeting.
Nerve growth factor signal transduction in mature pig oligodendrocytes (1997)

It has previously been shown that nerve growth factor (NGF) is of functional significance for mature pig oligodendrocytes (OLs) in culture. The present data give evidence for the expression of TrkA, the so-called high-affinity NGF receptor, and of p75NTR, the so-called low-affinity NGF receptor. TrkA is upregulated during culturing, in contrast to the p75 receptor. Exposure of OLs to NGF induces an autophosphorylation of TrkA via its intrinsic tyrosine kinase. K-252a inhibits the TrkA autophosphorylation, which reduces the OL process formation to control levels. To the tyrosine-phosphorylated sites of TrkA several proteins, such as phospholipase C-gamma1, the adaptor protein SHC, the phosphotyrosine phosphatase SH-PTP2 (SYP) associate via their SH2 phosphotase SH-PTP2 domain. The association of SHC to TrkA is shown by co-immunoprecipitation. Indirect evidence for a possible activation of PLC-gamma1 is given by an NGF-induced increase of oligodendroglial [Ca2+]i. Downstream from TrkA, a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, which includes Erk1 and Erk2, is operating. An in-gel myelin basic protein kinase assay revealed that NGF activates predominantly Erk1. Finally, it is shown that NGF stimulates expression of c-fos.
Inkjet 3D printing of microfluidic structures—on the selection of the printer towards printing your own microfluidic chips (2015)

This article reports, for the first time, the results of detailed research on the application of inkjet 3D printing for the fabrication of microfluidic structures. CAD designed test structures were printed with four different printers. Dimensional fidelity, shape conformity, and surface roughness were studied for each printout. It was found that the minimum dimension (width or depth) for a properly printed microfluidic channel was approximately 200 μm. Although the nominal resolution of the printers was one order of magnitude better, smaller structures were significantly deformed or not printed at all. It was also found that a crucial step in one-step fabrication of embedded microchannels is the removal of the support material. We also discuss the source of print error and present a way to evaluate other printers.
Synergistic disaggregation of platelets by tissue-type plasminogen activator, prostaglandin E1, and nitroglycerin. (1989)

Endothelial cells produce at least three substances that can attenuate the platelet aggregation response: tissue-type plasminogen activator; the platelet inhibitory prostaglandins I2 and E1; and endothelium-derived relaxing factor, one form of which exhibits properties of nitric oxide. Since platelet aggregates formed in vivo are involved in the initiation of many clinically important occlusive vascular syndromes, we tested the hypothesis that these endothelial products act synergistically to disperse platelet aggregates. Our data reveal that tissue-type plasminogen activator, prostaglandin E1, and nitroglycerin (an organic nitrate activator of guanylate cyclase analogous to endothelium-derived relaxing factor) act synergistically to disaggregate platelets and do so in part by modulation of platelet cyclic nucleotides. These data suggest a potential mechanism by which the endothelium protects against the formation of platelet aggregates in vivo and offer a potential strategy for improving the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy.
Decomposing Composition: Service-Oriented Software Engineers (2007)

This article deals with software development life cycles to support development in service-centric software systems. The explosion of information technology (including service-oriented architecture) and its underlying capabilities has led to the evolution of software development life cycles over the past three decades. Software engineers are continuously exploring approaches to software and system development that are domain, application, and technology independent. Early approaches included waterfall life cycles that promote creating concrete requirements before any significant design or development occurs.
Regulation of lipogenesis by cyclin-dependent kinase 8–mediated control of SREBP-1 (2012)

Altered lipid metabolism underlies several major human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, lipid metabolism pathophysiology remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Insulin is the primary stimulator of hepatic lipogenesis through activation of the SREBP-1c transcription factor. Here we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and its regulatory partner cyclin C (CycC) as negative regulators of the lipogenic pathway in Drosophila, mammalian hepatocytes, and mouse liver. The inhibitory effect of CDK8 and CycC on de novo lipogenesis was mediated through CDK8 phosphorylation of nuclear SREBP-1c at a conserved threonine residue. Phosphorylation by CDK8 enhanced SREBP-1c ubiquitination and protein degradation. Importantly, consistent with the physiologic regulation of lipid biosynthesis, CDK8 and CycC proteins were rapidly downregulated by feeding and insulin, resulting in decreased SREBP-1c phosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of CycC efficiently suppressed insulin and feeding-induced lipogenic gene expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDK8 and CycC function as evolutionarily conserved components of the insulin signaling pathway in regulating lipid homeostasis.
Purification and Characterization of the Human KDEL Receptor (1996)

Retention of soluble endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins is ensured by their continuous retrieval from subsequent compartments in the secretory pathway. Soluble ER proteins which escape to the Golgi apparatus bind to the KDEL receptor, a seven-transmembrane receptor, and are then returned to the endoplasmic reticulum. We have overexpressed the human KDEL receptor in insect cells using the baculovirus system. Infected cells accumulate large amounts of functional receptor as judged by a ligand binding assay. A hexahistidine-tagged version of the receptor could be purified in a single step to near homogeneity with high yield. After reconstitution of purified KDEL receptor into liposomes, a similar affinity and pH dependence for the binding of KDEL peptides was observed compared to the receptor in its natural environment, indicating that purified KDEL receptor is sufficient for specific and pH-sensitive binding of KDEL ligands. Determination of the receptor affinity in different lipid environments revealed that the receptor affinity is only slightly influenced by its lipid environment, suggesting that regulation of the receptor affinity by its surrounding lipids does not play a crucial role for the sorting of KDEL proteins.
Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidation by ultraviolet A-generated oxygen free radicals. (1996)

The conditions used for glycation reactions in vitro rapidly oxidized ASA, but not glucose. The UVA-dependent generation of oxygen free radicals also oxidized ASA at a 10(3) faster rate than glucose. Superoxide anion and singlet oxygen were identified as the principal oxidants of ASA in this process. These data argue that ASA may be the primary glycating agent in aging normal lenses.
泛皮肤癣菌 PCR (2019)

皮肤癣菌是指可导致皮肤、毛发和指/趾甲感染(称作皮肤癣菌病或癣)的真菌。这类感染是最常见的皮肤疾病之一,而且在任何指定时间均影响高达20%的人群。目前皮肤癣菌病的实验室诊断仍是基于显微镜检查和培养。培养是指采集样本并使其在实验室中生长,而显微镜检查是指使用显微镜检查样本。这可能既繁琐又耗时(皮肤癣菌培养需要长达4周)。在这项瑞士的研究中,作者旨在确立一种简单、稳定和快速的检查方法,以此在 1 至 2天内检测样本中的皮肤癣菌。他们开发了一种称作聚合酶链反应 (PCR)检测的检查方法,其在试管中复制许多特异性皮肤癣菌DNA的复本,从而可能证明样本中是否存在该DNA。使用306个临床样本(指/趾甲、皮肤和毛发)通过与显微镜检查和培养结果比较对PCR检测进行了评估。PCR、培养和显微镜检查的灵敏性(正确鉴定的实际阳性比例)估计分别为96.9%、46.7%和91.4%,同时特异性(正确鉴定的实际阴性比例)估计分别为90.4%、98.7%和84.0%。这种新的检测显示出了极好的性能,而且较培养技术显著更快,因此其对诊断皮肤癣菌病很有前途。
Clusterin proteins: stress-inducible polypeptides with proposed functions in multiple organ dysfunction (2005)

Severe trauma (e.g. whole body ionising radiation (IR)), leads to multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) and death. Although not completely understood, proposed triggering events of MOD include reactive oxygen species (ROS), released Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores, cell debris resulting from apoptosis and/or necrosis, and liberation of cytokines. Little is known about the defence mechanisms that protect against events that trigger MOD. We propose that the secreted form of clusterin (sCLU) is a major protective factor against trauma-induced MOD. sCLU is induced by IR and by other cytoprotective agents. Interestingly, this secreted protein is cytoprotective in a variety of cell systems following various agents. We demonstrate that sCLU is induced by thapsigargin (TG), a sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump inhibitor, which causes Ca2+ release from the ER. sCLU induction was delayed, with the earliest increase in sCLU levels detected at 18–24 h post IR, and peak levels noted at 72–96 h. IR and TG exposures resulted in similar induction kinetics, wherein transcription and translation of sCLU occurred with nearly identical temporal responses. Human CLU promoter activity mimicked induction of sCLU protein levels (p<0.01). Interestingly, cells pre-treated with BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, did not prevent sCLU induction or lethality after TG or IR exposures. In fact, high dose exposures of BAPTA-AM induced sCLU responses. Thus, sCLU induction is triggered by ROS, changes in Ca2+ homeostasis and lipid peroxidation, factors prominent in triggering MOD. Future studies should directly examine the role(s) of sCLU in preventing MOD, which may be very important in comtermeasures to MOD in accident victims.
Residual Stresses in Machined Ceramic Surfaces (1986)

Residual surface stresses generated in ceramic materials by diamond grinding were studied. The stresses are characterized both by X‐ray measurements of stress magnitudes and by line forces (product of stress and layer thickness) obtained from the bending of plates that were machined on one side. The line forces tend to increase with the hardness of the material but are insensitive to the rate of material removal during grinding (over a limited range of variation). Residual stress measurements are compared with measurements of strengths of the ground surfaces.
Monoclonal autoantibody from a (new zealand black x new zealand white)F<sub>1</sub> mouse and some human scleroderma sera target an <i>MT</i><sub>r</sub> 34,000 nucleolar protein of the U3 RNP particle (1987)

A monoclonal IgG2a antinucleolar autoantibody (72B9) was obtained by fusion of spleen cells from a (New Zealand black x New Zealand white)F1 mouse with myeloma cells (P3x63Ag8.653). Antibody 72B9 recognized a highly conserved nucleolar antigen present in both animal and plant cells. The staining pattern produced by antibody 72B9 in different cell substrates was identical with those obtained by scleroderma antibodies reactive with a basic (pI 8.5) nucleolar protein of Mr 34,000, which is associated with the U3 RNP particle. Western blotting further confirmed its reactivity with this scleroderma-related U3 RNP protein.
Burning rate for steel-cased, pressed binderless HMX (1980)

The burning behavior of pressed binderless HMX laterally confined in 6.4 mm i.d. steel cases was measured over the pressure range 1.45 to 338 MPa in a constant pressure strand burner. The measured regression rates are compared to those reported previously for unconfined samples. It is shown that lateral confinement results in a several-fold decrease in the regression rate for the coarse particle size HMX above the transition to super fast regression. For class E samples, confinement shifts the transition to super fast regression from low pressure to high pressure. These results are interpreted in terms of the previously proposed progressive deconsolidation mechanism. Preliminary holographic photography and closed bomb tests are also described. Theoretical one dimensional modeling calculations were carried out to predict the expected flame height (particle burn out distance) as a function of particle size and pressure for binderless HMX burning by a progressive deconsolidation mechanism.