gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell Cycle-dependent Phosphorylation of the RUNX2 Transcription Factor by cdc2 Regulates Endothelial Cell Proliferation (2006)

RUNX2 is a member of the runt family of DNA-binding transcription factors. RUNX2 mediates endothelial cell migration and invasion during tumor angiogenesis and is expressed in metastatic breast and prostate tumors. Our published studies showed that RUNX2 DNA-binding activity is low during growth arrest, but elevated in proliferating endothelial cells. To investigate its role in cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation, RUNX2 was depleted in human bone marrow endothelial cells using RNA interference. Specific RUNX2 depletion inhibited DNA-binding activity as measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay resulting in inhibition of cell proliferation. Cells were synchronized at the G(1)/S boundary with excess thymidine or in mitosis (M phase) with nocodazole. Endogenous or ectopic RUNX2 activity was maximal at late G(2) and during M phase. Inhibition of RUNX2 expression by RNA interference delayed entry into and exit out of the G(2)/M phases of the cell cycle. RUNX2 was coimmunoprecipitated with cyclin B1 in mitotic cells, which further supported a role for RUNX2 in cell cycle progression. Moreover, in vitro kinase assays using recombinant cdc2 kinase showed that RUNX2 was phosphorylated at Ser(451). The cdc2 inhibitor roscovitine dose dependently inhibited in vivo RUNX2 DNA-binding activity during mitosis and the RUNX2 mutant S451A exhibited lower DNA-binding activity and reduced stimulation of anchorage-independent growth relative to wild type RUNX2. These results suggest for the first time that RUNX2 phosphorylation by cdc2 may facilitate cell cycle progression possibly through regulation of G(2) and M phases, thus promoting endothelial cell proliferation required for tumor angiogenesis.
Mixed Multiscale Finite Element Methods Using Limited Global Information (2008)

In this paper, we present a mixed multiscale finite element method using limited global information. We consider a general case where multiple global information is given such that the solution depends smoothly on these global fields. The global fields typically contain small-scale (local or global) information required for achieving a convergence with respect to the coarse mesh size. We present a rigorous analysis and show that the proposed mixed multiscale finite element methods converge. Some preliminary numerical results are shown. We study a parameter dependent permeability field (a simplified case for general stochastic permeability fields). As for spatial heterogeneities, channelized permeability fields with strong nonlocal effects are considered. Using a few global fields corresponding to realizations of permeability fields, we show that one can achieve high accuracy in numerical simulations.
Determination of the inflight OTF of orbital earth resources sensors (1972)

There are no author-identified significant results in this report. A technique has been investigated that is particularly applicable to evaluation of earth-orbiting multispectral sensors. In all programs employing such sensors, simultaneous underflight photography from aircraft is made during passes of the spacecraft. To evaluate the spacecraft imagery, the two sets of photographs are scanned and digitized with a microdensitometer. The data are then Fourier analyzed, and the spatial frequency spectra is calculated. The spatial frequencies in the underflight trace are scaled to those in the spacecraft trace, and the ratio of the spectra gives the in-flight optical transfer function (OTF) for the orbiting sensor. The method has been applied to an Apollo 9 frame and the sensor OTF has been calculated. The results are good enough to encourage use of the technique and to indicate the accuracies required of the various measurements involved in determining in-flight sensor OTF by this method. A technique for determining correct scan registration and scaling between the two sets of imagery and a promising approach to noise reduction, in the form of weighted averaging of OTF's, are discussed.
Influenza virus regulates protein synthesis during infection by repressing autophosphorylation and activity of the cellular 68,000-Mr protein kinase (1988)

We investigated the mechanisms by which influenza virus prevents shutoff of protein synthesis by a cellular protein kinase normally activated during infection. Earlier work has shown that influenza virus superinfection of cells previously infected by the adenovirus VAI RNA-negative mutant dl331 resulted in selective translation of influenza virus mRNAs and suppression of the elevated protein kinase levels normally found in cells infected by the mutant alone (M. G. Katze, B. M. Detjen, B. Safer, and R. M. Krug, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:1741-1750, 1986). We elucidated the mechanisms of this kinase repression and can now report that influenza virus encodes a gene product which functions to directly block the autophosphorylation and activity of the interferon-induced, double-stranded-RNA-activated protein kinase, P68. Suppressed P68 activity was found not only in doubly infected cells but also in cells infected by influenza virus alone. Moreover, the decrease in P68 activity correlated with a decrease in the endogenous levels of phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of the eucaryotic initiation factor eIF-2, the natural substrate of the protein kinase. Suppression of P68 activity occurred as early as 2 h after influenza virus infection and required viral gene expression beyond the level of primary mRNA transcription to take place. We confirmed our in vivo observations with in vitro mixing experiments which showed that the influenza virus inhibitor can act in trans to block P68 activity. Combined repression of P68 function and eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation during influenza virus infection is essential for continued catalytic recycling of eIF-2 and efficient mRNA translation.
Hymenopterous parasites of the black headed budworm, Acleris gloverana on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 1970-1974 (1993)

Thirteen hymenopterous parasites of the blackheaded budworm, Acleris gloverana Walsingham, from Vancouver Island are compared with those found in British Columbia during the 1940-44 outbreak and outbreaks in the early 1950's and mid-1960's in Alaska.Six species of the parasites reported were first records for British Columbia.Some of those reported may be new species.
Cell Growth Inhibition by a Novel Vitamin K Is Associated with Induction of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation (1998)

We have shown that a synthetic vitamin K analog, 2-(2-mercaptoethanol)-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone or compound 5 (Cpd 5), potently inhibits cell growth and suggested that the analog exerts its effects mainly via sulfhydryl arylation rather than redox cycling. Since protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), which have pivotal roles in many cellular functions, have a critical cysteine in their active site, we have proposed PTPases as likely targets for Cpd 5. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of Cpd 5 on protein tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins and on the activity of PTPases. We found that Cpd 5 rapidly induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep3B) at growth inhibitory doses, and the effect was blocked by thiols but not by non-thiol antioxidants or tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cpd 5 inhibited PTPase activity, which was also significantly antagonized by reduced glutathione. Furthermore, the well studied PTPase inhibitor orthovanadate also induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and growth inhibition in Hep3B cells. These results suggest that inhibition of cellular PTPases by sulfhydryl arylation and subsequent perturbation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in the mechanisms of Cpd 5-induced cell growth inhibition.
Identification of a novel protein (VBP-1) binding to the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene product. (1996)

The tumor suppressor VHL gene product (pVHL), recently reported to bind to elongins B and C, is thought to regulate transcription elongation. To establish whether the VHL gene may have other functions, we here searched for additional cellular protein(s) that might bind to pVHL using a two-hybrid system and identified seven independent clones, including elongin C, but not elongin B. Three clones (unknown, imidopeptidase, and unknown) presumably bind to the N-terminal nonconserved region, whereas the four other clones [elongin C, the HIV tat-binding protein, the actin-binding protein Filamin (ABP280), and the HIBBJ46 (named VBP-1)] were found to bind to the wild-type pVHL but not to a C-terminal 156-amino acid deletion mutant. Interestingly, the HIV tat-binding protein and Filamin could bind to C-terminal 26-amino acid deleted pVHL, but elongin C and VBP-1 failed to do so. Thus, elongin C and VBP-1 require the C-terminal end of pVHL for binding. It was also established that epitope-tagged pVHL strongly forms complexes with VBP-1 in vivo using immunoprecipitation Western blotting analysis. VBP-1 was widely expressed in various cell lines tested, in which VHL mRNA can be detected. When the VBP-1 protein was solely expressed, it located to the cytoplasm and did not localize to the nucleus. However, when coexpressed with VHL, it can translocate to the nucleus. These results indicate that VBP-1 can form a complex with VHL protein in vivo and hence VHL affects the intracellular localization of VBP-1 protein.
Ordering Techniques for Coding of Two-Tone Facsimile Pictures (1976)

This paper describes some techniques for efficient coding of two-tone (black and white) facsimile pictures. These techniques use the two-dimensional correlation present in spatially close picture elements to change the relative order of transmission of elements in a scan line. This ordering increases the average length of the runs of consecutive black or white elements in the ordered line, making the data more amenable to one-dimensional run-length coding. We describe several variations of the ordering scheme, which differ in complexity and coding efficiency and evaluate their coding efficiency. For a variety of 8-1/2 inch by 11-inch typed documents, road maps, and circuit diagrams scanned with 200 lines/inch, these techniques reduce the bit rate by 30 to 50 percent over and above the one-dimensional run-length coding along a scan line; for single-spaced typed material with 100 lines/inch, this reduction is about 25 percent. We compare one of our techniques with a two-dimensional compression technique recently proposed by Preuss. We show that our technique results in an entropy about 10 to 18 percent lower than that obtainable through Preuss' technique.
Complex demodulation of heart rate changes during orthostatic testing (2002)

Heart rate changes induced by the standing up of young healthy subjects are processed by a complex demodulation algorithm yielding time-local estimates of the amplitude of the heart-rate variability function. Complex demodulate of the high-frequency band (0.15 to 0.45 Hz) shows an abrupt decrease of amplitude immediately after standing up, presumably due into vagal withdrawal. Complex demodulation of a part of the low frequency band (0 to 0.055 Hz) shows a typical form of a bell-shaped curve. It is concluded that while the complex demodulation of the high-frequency band probably reflects parasympathetic activity, the complex demodulation of the low-frequency band does not seem to indicate the level of the sympathetic activity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Histoire sociale et ordinateur (1977)

Genet Jean-Philippe. Histoire sociale et ordinateur. In: Informatique et histoire médiévale. Actes du colloque de Rome (20-22 mai 1975) Présentés par Lucie Fossier - André Vauchez - Cinzio Violante. Rome : École Française de Rome, 1977. pp. 231-237. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 31)
Robust speech recognition over mobile networks using combined weighted viterbi decoding and subvector based error concealment (2006)

Robustness against transmission errors is one of the primary barriers to the widespread application of automatic speech recognition (ASR) in mobile communications. We have previously proposed a subvector based error concealment (EC) method that conducts error detection and mitigation in the feature-domain at the subvector level. This paper presents a weighted Viterbi decoding (WVD) algorithm that works in the model domain for counteracting unreliable features generated by the subvector based EC. The reliability of each feature is estimated during the process of subvector based EC and is used by the WVD for modifying the observation probability of the feature. Recognition experiments are conducted on the Aurora 2 database corrupted by GSM error pattern EP3. Combining the WVD and the subvector EC achieves 70% and 24% performance improvement as compared to the ETSI-DSR standard and the subvector based EC, respectively. Index Terms: distributed speech recognition, error concealment, split vector quantization, weighted Viterbi
Automatic Identification of the Pectoral Muscle in Mammograms (2004)

The pectoral muscle represents a predominant density region in most medio-lateral oblique (MLO) views of mammograms; its inclusion can affect the results of intensity-based image processing methods or bias procedures in the detection of breast cancer. Local analysis of the pectoral muscle may be used to identify the presence of abnormal axillary lymph nodes, which may be the only manifestation of occult breast carcinoma. We propose a new method for the identification of the pectoral muscle in MLO mammograms based upon a multiresolution technique using Gabor wavelets. This new method overcomes the limitation of the straight-line representation considered in our initial investigation using the Hough transform. The method starts by convolving a group of Gabor filters, specially designed for enhancing the pectoral muscle edge, with the region of interest containing the pectoral muscle. After computing the magnitude and phase images using a vector-summation procedure, the magnitude value of each pixel is propagated in the direction of the phase. The resulting image is then used to detect the relevant edges. Finally, a post-processing stage is used to find the true pectoral muscle edge. The method was applied to 84 MLO mammograms from the Mini-MIAS (Mammographic Image Analysis Society, London, U.K.) database. Evaluation of the pectoral muscle edge detected in the mammograms was performed based upon the percentage of false-positive (FP) and false-negative (FN) pixels determined by comparison between the numbers of pixels enclosed in the regions delimited by the edges identified by a radiologist and by the proposed method. The average FP and FN rates were, respectively, 0.58% and 5.77%. Furthermore, the results of the Gabor-filter-based method indicated low Hausdorff distances with respect to the hand-drawn pectoral muscle edges, with the mean and standard deviation being 3.84 +/- 1.73 mm over 84 images.
Catenins, Wnt signaling and cancer (2000)

Recent studies indicate that plakoglobin may have a similar function to that of beta-catenin within the Wnt signaling pathway. beta-catenin is known to be an oncogene in many forms of human cancer, following acquisition of stabilizing mutations in amino terminal sequences. Kolligs(1) and coworkers show, however, that unlike beta-catenin, plakoglobin induces neoplastic transformation of rat epithelial cells in the absence of such stabilizing mutations. Cellular transformation by plakoglobin also appears to be distinct from that of beta-catenin in that it requires activation of the proto-oncogene c-myc. Surprisingly, c-myc is activated more efficiently by plakoglobin than beta-catenin, despite its previous identification as a target of Tcf/beta-catenin.(2) In contrast, a synthetic Tcf reporter gene is activated to a much greater extent by beta-catenin than plakoglobin. Plakoglobin and beta-catenin may therefore have different roles in Wnt signaling and cancer, which reflect their differential effects on target gene activity.
A robust appearance model for tracking human motions (2006)

We propose an original method for tracking people based on the construction of a 2-D human appearance model. The general framework, which is a region-based tracking approach, is applicable to any type of object. We show how to specialize the method for taking advantage of the structural properties of the human body. We segment its visible parts, construct and update the appearance model. This latter one provides a discriminative feature capturing both color and shape properties of the different limbs, making it possible to recognize people after they have temporarily disappeared. The method does not make use of skin color detection, which allows us to perform tracking under any viewpoint. The only assumption for the recognition is the approximate viewpoint correspondence during the matching process between the different models. Several results in complex situations prove the efficiency of the algorithm, which runs in near real time. Finally, the model provides an important clue for further human motion analysis process.
Electromagnetic materials enter the negative age (2001)

Electrical permittivity and magnetic permeability are concepts that are deeply embedded in electromagnetism. The electrical permittivity of a material determines its response to an applied electric field, while the permeability summarizes how it reacts to an applied magnetic field. Together the permittivity and permeability determine how the material responds to electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths. Indeed, the speed of light in vacuum can be defined as c = 1/√0μ0, where 0 is the permittivity of free space and μ0 is the permeability.
Intracellular Metabolism and Cytotoxicity of Transferrin‐Neocarzinostatin Conjugates of Differing Molar Ratios (1993)

Transferrin-neocarzinostatin (NCS) conjugates with differing molar ratios of drug to protein were synthesized and their intracellular metabolism was investigated. The conjugate mixtures of transferrin-NCS were separated by DEAE-Sephacel column chromatography. The separated molecular species were examined with respect to binding affinity to transferrin receptor, cytotoxicity and intracellular metabolism using the human leukemia cell line, K562. Transferrin-NCS conjugate is capable of binding to transferrin receptors specifically and its reactivity became weaker as the ratio of bound NCS to transferrin was increased. Transferrin-6NCS did not bind measurably to the receptor. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity was augmented when the number of NCS molecules bound per molecule of transferrin was increased to 4NCS/transferrin, while transferrin-5NCS and transferrin-6NCS species exhibited low activity. Examination of the kinetics of metabolism by pulse chase study using 125I-labeled ligand indicated that unconjugated transferrin and transferrin-NCS conjugates were internalized in similar ways, although the degradation of internalized conjugate was more marked in the case of transferrin-4NCS than transferrin-1NCS. Thus, the molar ratio of transferrin-drug conjugate could be optimized with respect to both the binding activity to receptor and the intracellular metabolic pathway.
Confidence in country: A case study of Mungarlu Ngurrarankatja Rirraunkaja (aboriginal corporation) RNTBC (2013)

The Birriliburu native title holders were recognised in July 2008 as holding rights of exclusive possession, use, occupation and enjoyment across an area totalling over 6.6 million hectares. This Federal Court determination was the culmination of ten years of mediation and negotiation between the native title holders and, principally, the Government of Western Australia.
Propensão dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis à educação a distância (2013)

O objetivo do estudo e v erificar a propensao dos estudantes de graduacao em Ciencias Contabeis para estudarem as disciplinas propostas na estrutura curricular do curso, na modalidade presencial, semipresencial ou na educacao a distância. A amostra da pesquisa e composta por 264 estudantes de Ciencias Contabeis. A abordagem do estudo e quantitativa, os dados obtidos foram analisados de acordo com os metodos de analise de conglomerados ( clusters) ; testes de inferencias sobre a diferenca entre as proporcoes e analise descritiva dos fatores que interferem na adocao a EaD. Para a analise de cluster identificou-se dois agrupamentos “Disciplinas Presencial” e “Disciplinas Semi-Presencial e EaD”. O cluster 1 agrupou disciplinas pertencentes ao nucleo de formacao profissional, estao diretamente ligadas a temas bastante especificos na area contabil. No cluster 2 agrupou disciplinas optativas e tambem aquelas pertencentes ao nucleo de formacao basica, o que indicou que os estudantes possuem maior propensao a modalidade semi-presencial e EaD para disciplinas de outras areas do conhecimento. Em relacao aos testes de inferencias sobre a diferenca entre as proporcoes, os resultados indicaram que houve diferencas estatisticamente significativas entre as proporcoes para as modalidades de ensino com relacao as escolhas dos estudantes, para a maioria das disciplinas analisadas.
A Wideband Power Detection System Optimized for the UWB Spectrum (2009)

A wideband radio-frequency (RF) power detection system is presented. The detection technique uses NMOS devices operating in the triode regime to generate an average current proportional to RF input power; this current is converted to voltage and amplified using a piecewise linear logarithmic approximation. Optimization of the NMOS devices is discussed, and a method of gain control is proposed for compensation of temperature and process variation. The power detector occupies an active area of 0.36 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in a 0.18 mum CMOS process and consumes 10.8 mW from the power supply. Error between the output and a linear-in-dB best-fit curve is plusmn2.4 dB for a 20 dB input range, when measured at discrete frequencies. The output response is frequency independent, varying by less than 1.8 dB for a fixed input power as frequency is swept across the UWB spectrum.
American College of Radiology mammography accreditation guidelines. (1991)

The author reviews the physiology of the various types of emesis and the factors that influence chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, including both patient-related factors and those related to treatment. He then enumerates and describes the antiemetic agents now available, ranging from phenothiazines to cannabinoids and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) antagonists; explains how they might best be used; and outlines the probable future direction for antiemetic studies.