gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prothrombotic skeletal muscle myosin directly enhances prothrombin activation by binding factors Xa and Va (2016)

To test the hypothesis that skeletal muscle myosins can directly influence blood coagulation and thrombosis, ex vivo studies of the effects of myosin on thrombogenesis in fresh human blood were conducted. Addition of myosin to blood augmented the thrombotic responses of human blood flowing over collagen-coated surfaces (300 s<sup>-1</sup> shear rate). Perfusion of human blood over myosin-coated surfaces also caused fibrin and platelet deposition, evidencing myosin's thrombogenicity. Myosin markedly enhanced thrombin generation in both platelet-rich plasma and platelet-poor plasma, indicating that myosin promoted thrombin generation in plasma primarily independent of platelets. In purified reaction mixtures composed only of factor Xa, factor Va, prothrombin, and calcium ions, myosin greatly enhanced prothrombinase activity. The Gla domain of factor Xa was not required for myosin's prothrombinase enhancement. When binding of purified clotting factors to immobilized myosin was monitored using biolayer interferometry, factors Xa and Va each showed favorable binding interactions. Factor Va reduced by 100-fold the apparent <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> of myosin for factor Xa (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub> ∼0.48 nM), primarily by reducing k<sub>off</sub>, indicating formation of a stable ternary complex of myosin:Xa:Va. In studies to assess possible clinical relevance for this discovery, we found that antimyosin antibodies inhibited thrombin generation in acute trauma patient plasmas more than in control plasmas (<i>P</i> = .0004), implying myosin might contribute to acute trauma coagulopathy. We posit that myosin enhancement of thrombin generation could contribute either to promote hemostasis or to augment thrombosis risk with consequent implications for myosin's possible contributions to pathophysiology in the setting of acute injuries.
Magnetron driven classical microtron as an injector for a wide band tunable compact far infrared free electron laser (2002)

A compact 12 turn classical microtron driven by a 2.8 GHz magnetron has been improved for use as an injector of a compact wide-band far infrared (FIR) free electron laser (FEL). The microtron provides an accelerated beam current of up to 70 mA by total energy of up to 7.2 MeV in a 5.5 /spl mu/s duration macro pulse. The frequency of the magnetron was stabilized in the range of (3-4)/spl times/10/sup -5/ by the frequency pulling of the magnetron with the reflected wave from the accelerating cavity. The measured energy spread and emittances in vertical and horizontal components of the electron beam were less than 0.4%, 1.5 mm/spl middot/mrad and 3.5 mm/spl middot/mrad, respectively. A measured temporal deviation of the bunch repetition rate of less than 120 kHz could be obtained by optimization of the microtron operating conditions for the FEL. With a total energy of electrons and macro pulse current of 7 MeV and 45 mA respectively stable FIR lasing could be obtained in the wavelength range from 97 to 150 /spl mu/m by changing the undulator K-parameter. The accelerating cavity moving system was upgraded to increase the variable range of the electron beam energy from 4.3 to 7 MeV, which provides wide tuning range of the FIR FEL wavelength up to 300 /spl mu/m.
Temporal and spectral effects of cross-phase modulation on copropagating ultrashort pulses in optical fibers (1989)

The effects of cross-phase modulation (XPM) on the evolution of copropagating ultrashort pulses in an optical fiber are discussed theoretically by solving the coupled-amplitude equations which include the contributions of self-phase modulation, XPM, pulse walk-off, and group-velocity dispersion. A pump-probe configuration is studied to isolate the XPM effects. In the case of nondispersive XPM, the probe shape remians nearly unchanged while the probe spectrum exhibits asymmetric spectral broadening and a shift toward the red or the blue side depending on the initial pump-probe delay. In the case of dispersive XPM, the combination of group-velocity dispersion and XPM lead to both temporal and spectral changes. The new XPM-induced phenomena, optical wave breaking, and pulse compression are discussed in detail.
Variation in the Bluetongue Virus Neutralization Protein VP2 (1987)

To determine the extent and nature of the antigenic variation of four U.S.A. serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV), the complete nucleotide sequence was determined for cDNA clones representing the L2 dsRNA of BTV serotype 13, the gene that codes for the outer capsid neutralization antigen (VP2). The predicted amino acid sequence of the protein was compared with the VP2 sequences of the U.S.A. serotypes of BTV-10, BTV-11 and BTV-17. Diagon comparisons, hydropathic plots and analyses of potential secondary structure of the four proteins indicated that all four VP2 proteins were structurally similar. However, the VP2 protein of BTV-13 was found to exhibit only 40% homology with the VP2 species of the other three viruses. The comparative sequence data indicated that there were regions of the proteins with greater variability than other regions, as expected for proteins that vary antigenically but are structurally similar.
Solvolysis of Hafnium and Zirconium Tetrachlorides in Methyl and Ethyl Alcohols. (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvolysis of Hafnium and Zirconium Tetrachlorides in Methyl and Ethyl Alcohols.Clyde R. Simmons and Robert S. HansenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1955, 59, 10, 1072–1073Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150532a020https://doi.org/10.1021/j150532a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Human eyes location using wavelet and neural network (2002)

This paper presents a new method for the detection and localization of human eyes in a color image. First, the face-like regions are located using an evolutionary color clustering algorithm. Then, wavelet decomposition is applied to each region to detect the possible facial features. If the features are distributed like a predefined human face model, the eyes can be located; otherwise, a three-layer BP neural network is used to check if there is an eye in the region. Experimental results show that our method is fast and has a good performance.
Thermally degrading polyethylene studied by means of factor‐jump thermogravimetry (1982)

Abstract Degradation of polyethylene in both linear (NBS 1475) and branched (NBS 1476) form has been studied in the range 410–475°C using factor‐jump thermogravimetry. In vacuum, the rate of weight loss was erratic because of bubbling in the sample. The apparent overall activation energy was determined to be 65.4 ± 0.5 kcal/mol (273 ± 2 kJ/mol). There was no distinguishable difference between linear and branched samples. In slowly flowing N 2 at 8 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133 Pa), the overall activation energy was determined to be 64.8 ± 0.3 kcal/mol (271 ± 1 kJ/mol) for linear PE and 64.4 ± 0.2 kcal/mol (269 ± 1 kJ/mol) for a sample of PE with one percent branches. In N 2 at 800 mmHg, the values were 62.6 ± 0.5 kcal/mol for linear PE and 61.2 ± 0.6 kcal/mol for the branched sample, the rate of weight loss being smooth in both cases. Changing the linear flow velocities over the range 1–4 mm/sec at 800 mmHg did not affect the results. From the insertion of typical values in the equation relating the overall activation energy for weight loss from linear polyethylene to the activation energies of the component steps, a degradation mechanism involving scission β to allyl groups, with rapid hydrogen abstraction, slower subsequent β scission, and bimolecular termination, is indicated. The activation energy of β scission for secondary alkyl radicals is estimated to be 33 kcal/mol. The reason for the lower activation energies in N 2 is related to the effects of preformed molecules. The average molecular weights of the volatiles in vacuum and for 8 and 800 mmHg N 2 have been shown to be in the ratios 1 to 1/4 to 1/10, respectively, at these imposed rates of weight loss. The activation energies to use for the initial stage of degradation are 70.6 kcal/mol (295 kJ/mol) in vacuum and 67.8 kcal/mol (284 kJ/mol) at atmospheric pressure.
Monomeric lithium triazapentadienyl complexes (2006)

Treatment of 1,3,5-triazapentadienes [N{(C3F7)C(Mes)N}2]H and [N{(C3F7)C(Dipp)N}2]H (where Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; Dipp = 2,6-Pr(i)2C6H3) with n-BuLi in hexane, followed by the crystallization from hexane-THF mixture afforded the corresponding lithium 1,3,5-triazapentadienyl complexes as their THF solvates. X-Ray crystallographic analyses revealed that [N{(C3F7)C(Mes)N}2]Li(THF)2 and [N{(C3F7)C(Dipp)N}2]Li(THF) are monomeric in the solid state. [N{(C3F7)C(Mes)N}2]Li(THF)2 has a four-coordinate lithium center with a distorted tetrahedral geometry, and features a boat-shaped C2N3Li metallacycle. [N{(C3F7)C(Dipp)N}2]Li(THF) has a three-coordinate lithium atom and a planar, U-shaped C2N3 ligand backbone. The synthesis, solid-state structure, and 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopic details of [N{(C3F7)C(Mes)N}2]H are also reported.
The R&D Cost of a New Medicine (2012)

The cost of R&D for a successful new medicine has been an important policy issue at least since the 1960s. Cost estimates matter not just because of intellectual curiosity or for industry understanding of its performance, but because they are a key aspect of the international debate about the reasonableness of pharmaceutical prices and the magnitude of the long-term investments involved. This publication reviews research published over the last three decades, which shows an increase in costs from £125 million ($199 million) per new medicine in the 1970s to £1.2 billion ($1.9 billion) in the 2000s (both in 2011 prices). An OHE costs analysis based on new data for 1998-2002 agrees with comparable analyses for the same time period. The study explores four major factors that are producing higher R&D costs - out-of-pocket expenses, success/failure rates, R&D times and the cost of capital. It also discusses measures companies are taking now to improve efficiency and offers a glimpse into the promise and challenges presented by the new, gene-based sciences.
ContraPolice: a libc Extension for Protecting Applications from Heap-Smashing Attacks (2003)

In today’s computer security, buffer overflows are a huge problem – most of the time caused by inexperienced programmers using inadequate language without fully understanding all consequences of using. One of these languages that cause such problems ist C, an imperative programming language developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie. Unfortunately, at this time hardly anybody of the big problems that insecure buffer handling could cause. This led to a set of insecure library functions in the first versions of the C standard library that eventually got standardized together with the C language and that are still widely used by inexperienced C programmers – and even by their teachers, since that was the way they learned it themselves. And to keep up backward compatibility, even new versions of the C standard (i.e. C99) still contain these insecure functions. The fundamental problem of buffer overflows is that memory is “accidently” being overwritten that is interpreted as e.g. a function pointer or return address inside the program. The cause is that programmers often enough don’t really care about input validation, including input length. Programmers still use insecure functions like
Use of a Continuous-Flow Device in Patients Awaiting Heart Transplantation (2007)

A continuous-flow left ventricular assist device can provide effective hemodynamic support for a period of at least 6 months in patients awaiting heart transplantation, with improved functional status and quality of life. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00121472 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
A Novel Pd‐Catalyzed Cyclization Reaction of Ureas for the Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinone p38 Kinase Inhibitors. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blubber of ringed seals (<i>Phoca hispida</i> sp.) from Lake Saimaa, Lake Ladoga, the Baltic Sea, and Spitsbergen (1995)

Blubbers of four ringed seal subspecies from Lake Saimaa, Lake Ladoga, the Baltic Sea, and Spitsbergen were analyzed for very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFA; > C22) using gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The VLCPUFA of the blubber oils were mainly n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids--23:5n-3, 24:3n-3, 24:4n-3, 24:5n-3, 24:6n-3, 26:5n-3, 26:6n-3, and 28:7n-3. The largest VLCPUFA components in all populations were 24:5n-3 (0.1-0.2 wt% of total fatty acids) and 24:6n-3 (0.1%), but 24:4n-3 (0.1%) was also prominent in the Baltic specimens. The blubber oils of the freshwater species contained considerably more 24:4n-6 and 24:5n-6 than the blubbers of the marine species. The differences among the VLCPUFA in these subspecies appear to be mainly due to different dietary VLCPUFA.
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous in an Adult: Case Report with Fluorescein Angiographic Findings (1978)

The clinical features and fluorescein angiographic findings of an 18-year-old man with PHPV are reported. The case is unusual in that the eye survived into adulthood. The lens resorbed spontaneously, thereby permitting study of the retrolental mass by fluorescein angiography. Fluorescein leakage from the persistent vessels was very slow but present, thus indicating a probable disruption of the endothelial tight junctions of the tunica vasculosa lentis.
Seizure Suppression Efficacy of Closed-Loop Versus Open-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in a Rodent Model of Epilepsy (2015)

We assess and compare the effects of both closed-loop and open-loop neurostimulation of the rat hippocampus by means of a custom low-power programmable therapeutic neurostimulation device on the suppression of spontaneous seizures in a rodent model of epilepsy. Chronic seizures were induced by intraperitoneal kainic acid injection. Two bipolar electrodes were implanted into the CA1 regions of both hippocampi. The electrodes were connected to the custom-built programmable therapeutic neurostimulation device that can trigger an electrical stimulation either in a periodic manner or upon detection of the intracerebral electroencephalographic (icEEE) seizure onset. This device includes a microchip consisting of a 256-channel icEEG recording system and a 64-channel stimulator, and a programmable seizure detector implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The neurostimulator was used to evaluate seizure suppression efficacy in ten epileptic rats for a total of 240 subject-days (5760 subject-hours). For this purpose, all rats were randomly divided into two groups: the no-stimulation group and the stimulation group. The no-stimulation group did not receive stimulation. The stimulation group received, first, closed-loop stimulation and, next, open-loop stimulation. The no-stimulation and stimulation groups had a similar seizure frequency baseline, averaging five seizures per day. Closed-loop stimulation reduced seizure frequency by 90% and open-loop stimulation reduced seizure frequency by 17%, both in the stimulation group as compared to the no-stimulation group.
Marriage and the Bluestockings (1990)

This chapter discusses the kinds of marriages that could greatly benefit a family financially, as well as the type of marriage a wealthy young woman could go into during that time. This chapter also includes a description of Elizabeth Robinson's realisation that she, too, should marry, despite being a bluestocking, and examines her feelings and experiences after becoming Mrs. Montagu.
Synthesis of PbTe Nanowires with Enhanced Seebeck Coefficient (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experiment Results and Discussion
Delivering software with agility and quality in a cloud environment (2016)

Cloud computing and the DevOps movement are two pillars that facilitate software delivery with extreme agility. “Born on the cloud” companies, such as Netflix®, have demonstrated rapid growth to their business and continuous improvement to the service they provide, by reportedly applying DevOps principles. In this paper, we claim that to fulfill the vision of fast software delivery, without compromising the quality of the provided services, we need a new approach to detecting problems, including problems that may have occurred during the continuous deployment cycle. A native DevOps-centric approach to problem resolution puts the focus on a wider range of possible error sources (including code commits), makes use of DevOps metadata to clearly define the source of the problem, and leads to a quick problem resolution. We propose such a continuous quality assurance approach, and we demonstrate it by preliminary experiments in our public Container Cloud environment and in a private OpenStack® cloud environment.
<title>Personal verification system with high tolerance of poor-quality fingerprints</title> (1991)

A highly reliable personal verification system using fingerprint images has been developed. Various image enhancement techniques including a directional spatial filter and local thresholding for each point are applied to improve the quality of noisy and unstable images and to extract the feature data as accurately as possible. This process is performed by our special hardware for rapid image processing operations. In the matching process we propose a new algorithm combining the coarse matching of ridge direction data with the precise matching of minutia data to achieve registration efficiently. This system provides high reliability and a real-time response at reasonable cost.
Compact focusing von Hamos spectrometer for quantitative x-ray spectroscopy (2002)

A compact focusing crystal spectrometer based on the von Hamos scheme is described. Cylindrically curved mica and graphite crystals with a radius of curvature of R=20 mm are used in the spectrometer. A front illuminated charge-coupled device (CCD) linear array detector makes this spectrometer useful for real-time spectroscopy of laser-produced plasma x-ray sources within the wavelength range of λ=1.8–10 Å. Calibration of crystals and the CCD linear array makes it possible to measure absolute photon fluxes. X-ray spectra in an absolute intensity scale were obtained from Mg, Ti, and Fe laser-produced plasmas, with a spectral resolution λ/δλ=800–2000 for the mica and λ/δλ=200–300 for graphite crystal spectrometers. The spectrometer has high efficiency in a wide spectral range, it is compact (40 mm diam, 150 mm length), easy to align, and flexible. The spectrometer is promising for absolute spectral measurements of x-ray radiation of low-intensity sources (femtosecond laser-produced plasmas, micropinches, electron-beam–ion-trap sources, etc.).
Hypoxia increases rate of transcription and stability of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. (1994)

Reduced arterial oxygen tension (i.e. hypoxia) is a powerful physiological stimulus that induces synthesis and release of dopamine from O2-sensitive (type I) cells in the mammalian carotid bodies. We reported recently that hypoxia stimulates gene expression for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis in type I cells of the carotid body. Efforts to identify the mechanisms regulating TH gene expression in O2-sensitive cells during hypoxia have been hampered by the lack of an appropriate model cell culture system. Here we report that TH gene expression in the rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) is regulated during hypoxia in a manner similar to that measured in carotid body type I cells. PC12 cells might therefore be useful as an experimental model for identifying the molecular mechanisms that regulate TH gene expression during hypoxia. Nuclear runoff assays revealed that transcription of the wild type TH gene was enhanced during exposures to hypoxia lasting 12 h. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays with constructs that contained different fragments of TH promoter revealed that the regulatory sequences that mediate the hypoxia-induced increase in transcription are located between bases -272 and +27 of the TH gene. Findings from experiments in which transcription was inhibited either with actinomycin D or 5,6-dichloro-1-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole, as well as pulse-chase experiments using 4-thiouridine showed that the half-life of TH mRNA was substantially increased during hypoxia. Thus, in the present paper we show that TH gene expression in PC12 cells during hypoxia is regulated by increases in both the rate of TH gene transcription and TH mRNA stability.
Synthesis and Properties of Condensed Lumazine-Ringsystems (2002)

Abstract 1,3-Dimethyllumazine-6,7-diamine (1) and its monomethyl -(3,4) and monophenylamino (5) derivates are interesting starting materials for the synthesis of imidazo[4,5-g] (6-22) and pyrazino[2,3-g]lumazines (23-26). Ringclosure proceeds under relative drastic conditions and the resulting reaction products are highly fluorescent. Methylation of 5,7-dimethyll-imidazo[4,5-g)lumazine (6) led to an isomeric mixture of the 1- (17) and 3-methyl derivatives (7) which could be separated chromatographically. Their structural assignment was based on unambiguous syntheses heating 4 and 3, respectively, with formamide under reflux for ringclosure. The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by 1 H-NMR and UV-spectra as well as elemental analyses.
Conductive Polymer Composites (2002)

Abstract Polymeric materials can be made electronically conductive by adding conductive filler. These materials are called electrically conductive polymer composites. Since their introduction, the electrically conductive polymer composites have been widely used for electromagnetic radiation shielding, heaters, antistatic articles, resistors, and assembling electronic device components, etc. This article reviews two special conductive polymer composites. One is electrically conductive adhesive, which is used to replace tin–lead solder for microelectronic packaging application. The other is conductive polymer composites with large positive temperature coefficients, which can be used for resettable fuses, self‐regulating heaters, etc.