gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The interleukin-4/interleukin-13 receptor of human synovial fibroblasts: overexpression of the nonsignaling interleukin-13 receptor alpha2. (1998)

Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are known to bind to shared heteromultimeric receptor complexes of variable composition. Given the many regulatory effects of IL-4 and IL-13 on synovial cells, we aimed to characterize their IL-4/IL-13 receptor (R). Cultivated synovial fibroblasts expressed transcripts for IL-4Ralpha and IL-13Ralpha1, the human homolog of the recently cloned mouse IL-13R, but not the common gamma-chain of the IL-2R. In particular, IL-13Ralpha2 mRNA, encoding a different IL-13R recently cloned from human renal carcinoma cells, was expressed at a strikingly high level. Correspondingly, a predominant protein migrating at 65 to 75 kd was cross-linked by iodinated IL-13 and was not cross-competed by an excess of unlabeled IL-4. However, by flow cytofluorometry, IL-13Ralpha1 (detected by the anti-lL-13Ralpha1 mAb 65) and IL-4Ralpha (detected by the mAb S697) were expressed at similar low density. Radioligand binding studies revealed for both cytokines approximately 300 receptors/cell with similar high affinity. An additional class of IL-13Rs was identified after occupation of the shared high-affinity receptors by the nonsignaling, double-mutant IL-4121R-->D, 124Y-->D (RY-IL-4). In these experiments, 1251-IL-13 bound to a single receptor population with a Kd of approximately 300 pM and approximately 5000 sites/cell, matching the published affinity of monomeric IL-13Ralpha2 when expressed in COS7 cells. RY-IL-4 blocked the IL-4- and IL-13-mediated vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression and Stat6 activation, suggesting that the large number of high-affinity IL-13Ralpha2 monomers are silent receptors, likely representing a decoy target for IL-13.
Codes to reduce switching transients across VLSI I/O pins (1992)

We develop a coding scheme that reduces switching transients by limiting the number of lines that simultaneously switch during transmission of address and data information over the I/O pins of a VLSI chip, or the lines of a system bus. The maximum number of lines that simultaneously switch can be reduced by a factor of two using simple and fast circuitry for encoding and decoding.
Cleavage of DNA by the Insulin-Mimetic Compound, NH<sub>4</sub>[VO(O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(phen)] (1996)

The kinetics and mechanism of cleavage of DNA by the insulin-mimetic peroxo-vanadate NH4[VO(O2)2(phen)], pV, are described. In the presence of low energy UV radiation or biologically common reducing agents, pV decomposes into the monomer, dimer, and tetramer of vanadate and an uncharacterized compound of V4+ as shown by 51V NMR, ESR, and absorption spectra. The rate of photodecomposition of pV is reduced in the presence of calf thymus DNA, indicating that a decomposition product of the peroxo-vanadate, that is important in the destruction pathway of the complex, is interacting with DNA. This species, probably a short-lived complex of V4+, may also be responsible for the observed catalytic decomposition of pV in the absence of DNA by ascorbate. If closed circular pBR322 DNA is present when the peroxo-vanadate is destroyed by either UV radiation or reducing agents, the polymer may have its sugar-phosphate backbone broken. Closed circular DNA (form I) is converted into nicked circular DNA (form II) and linear DNA (form III). The amounts of the various forms produced as a function of irradiation time and peroxo-vanadate concentration were fit to a kinetic model to derive rate constants for the conversions. The kinetic analysis shows that pV is a single-strand nicking agent which exhibits some base and/or sequence preference. Furthermore, the pH dependences of the rates for conversion of form I to form II and for conversion of form II to form III are different, indicating that the nature of the chemistry at the site of cleavage on DNA influences further cutting by activated pV. Reduced amounts of DNA breakage in the presence of various salts and metal binding ligands indicate that a short-lived reactive complex of V4+, not the V4+ species detected by ESR at long irradiation times, is important in the cleavage process. The susceptibility of pV to decomposition by biologically common reducing agents suggests that metabolites of the agent, and not the compound itself, are responsible for its insulin-mimetic effects.
Blind Separation of More Speech than Sensors with Less Distortion by Combining Sparseness and ICA (2003)

This paper describes the ultrastructural organization of the honeybee antennal lobe, including the distribution of synapses within the antennal lobe neuropile and the distribution of the afferent fibres in the antennal nerve and its afferent tracts. We show that: 1) The antennal nerve and tracts T3-T6 are composed of a heterogeneous population of fibres, with respect to their diameters, whereas two afferent tracts (T1 and T2) are composed of fibres of almost homogeneous diameter. 2) Synapses are mainly localized in the glomeruli with a higher frequency in the cortical layer than in the core of the glomerulus. Nevertheless a few synapses are found in the coarse neuropile. 3) Reciprocal synapses have been identified in the cortical layer. At the ultrastructural level, the organization of the bee antennal lobe was largely unknown and these results bring the anatomical background needed in order to carry out a developmental study related to the bee antennal lobe structures.
Heat shock protein–based therapy as a potential candidate for treating the sphingolipidoses (2016)

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) often manifest with severe systemic and central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. The existing treatment options are limited and have no or only modest efficacy against neurological manifestations of disease. We demonstrate that recombinant human heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) improves the binding of several sphingolipid-degrading enzymes to their essential cofactor bis(monoacyl)glycerophosphate in vitro. HSP70 treatment reversed lysosomal pathology in primary fibroblasts from 14 patients with eight different LSDs. HSP70 penetrated effectively into murine tissues including the CNS and inhibited glycosphingolipid accumulation in murine models of Fabry disease (Gla(-/-)), Sandhoff disease (Hexb(-/-)), and Niemann-Pick disease type C (Npc1(-/-)) and attenuated a wide spectrum of disease-associated neurological symptoms in Hexb(-/-) and Npc1(-/-) mice. Oral administration of arimoclomol, a small-molecule coinducer of HSPs that is currently in clinical trials for Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC), recapitulated the effects of recombinant human HSP70, suggesting that heat shock protein-based therapies merit clinical evaluation for treating LSDs.
Semantic interaction for visual text analytics (2012)

Visual analytics emphasizes sensemaking of large, complex datasets through interactively exploring visualizations generated by statistical models. For example, dimensionality reduction methods use various similarity metrics to visualize textual document collections in a spatial metaphor, where similarities between documents are approximately represented through their relative spatial distances to each other in a 2D layout. This metaphor is designed to mimic analysts' mental models of the document collection and support their analytic processes, such as clustering similar documents together. However, in current methods, users must interact with such visualizations using controls external to the visual metaphor, such as sliders, menus, or text fields, to directly control underlying model parameters that they do not understand and that do not relate to their analytic process occurring within the visual metaphor. In this paper, we present the opportunity for a new design space for visual analytic interaction, called semantic interaction, which seeks to enable analysts to spatially interact with such models directly within the visual metaphor using interactions that derive from their analytic process, such as searching, highlighting, annotating, and repositioning documents. Further, we demonstrate how semantic interactions can be implemented using machine learning techniques in a visual analytic tool, called ForceSPIRE, for interactive analysis of textual data within a spatial visualization. Analysts can express their expert domain knowledge about the documents by simply moving them, which guides the underlying model to improve the overall layout, taking the user's feedback into account.
Purification of Growth-Promoting Peptides and Proteins, and of Histones, by High Pressure Silica gel Chromatography (1975)

A rapid method for the purification of histones and a variety of growth-promoting proteins and peptides by chromatography on silica gel has been developed. The isolation of the growth-promoting components of serum has been hampered by excessive losses associated with the use of water-based purification mens in acidic methanol-H2O solutions (eg. insulin, albumin, the somatomedins) provides a basis for purification on high-pressure silica gel columns, while peptides and histones can be purified in similar solvents. After column chromatography, the solvent is removed by flash-evaporation, or the protein may be precipitated directly from the solvent by neutralization of the pH and the addition of ethanol. The retention of biological activity (eg. somatomedin-C binding to insulin receptors and cell-growth stimulation) and recovery are excellent.
Modeling program predictability (1998)

Basic properties of program predictability --- for both values and control --- are defined and studied. We take the view that program predictability originates at certain points during a program's execution, flows through subsequent instructions, and then ends at other points in the program. These key components of predictability: generation, propagation, and termination; are defined in terms of a model. The model is based on a graph derived from dynamic data dependences and a predictor.Using the SPEC95 benchmarks, we analyze the predictability phenomena both separately and in combination. Examples are provided to illustrate relationships between model-based characteristics and program constructs. It is shown that most predictability derives from program control structure and immediate values, not program input data. Furthermore, most predictability originates from a relatively small number of generate points. The analysis of obtained results suggests a number of ramifications regarding predictability and its use.
Multiple agent hybrid control: carrier manifolds and chattering approximations to optimal control (2002)

Developing complete foundations for multiple-agent hybrid control is an arduous task and also requires important mathematical design choices. It involves synthesizing in a coherent fashion theorems and algorithms from a variety of fields. We discuss the notion of carrier manifold and of chattering approximations to optimal controls on carrier manifolds. The new idea we introduce here, beyond the hybrid systems models and the autonomous agents model for hybrid distributed autonomous control, is the idea of a carrier manifold modelling a distributed agent antonomous hybrid system. Thus the cost functions to be /spl epsiv/-optimised by choice of measure valued control are to be regarded as on the corresponding carrier manifold.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Recombinant enterokinase light chain with affinity tag: Expression from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and its utilities in fusion protein technology (2001)

Enterokinase and recombinant enterokinase light chain (rEK(L)) have been used widely to cleave fusion proteins with the target sequence of (Asp)(4)-Lys. In this work, we show that their utility as a site-specific cleavage agent is compromised by sporadic cleavage at other sites, albeit at low levels. Further degradation of the fusion protein in cleavage reaction is due to an intrinsic broad specificity of the enzyme rather than to the presence of contaminating proteases. To offer facilitated purification from fermentation broth and efficient removal of rEK(L) after cleavage reaction, thus minimizing unwanted cleavage of target protein, histidine affinity tag was introduced into rEK(L). Utilizing the secretion enhancer peptide derived from the human interleukin 1 beta, the recombinant EK(L) was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and efficiently secreted into culture medium. The C-terminal His-tagged EK(L) was purified in a single-step procedure on nickel affinity chromatography. It retained full enzymatic activity similar to that of EK(L), whereas the N-terminal His-tagged EK(L) was neither efficiently purified nor had any enzymatic activity. After cleavage reaction of fusion protein, the C-terminal His-tagged EK(L) was efficiently removed from the reaction mixture by a single passage through nickel-NTA spin column. The simple affinity tag renders rEK(L) extremely useful for purification, post-cleavage removal, recovery, and recycling and will broaden the utility and the versatility of the enterokinase for the production of recombinant proteins.
Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis: a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases from Saudi Arabia (2009)

ARPC is not uncommon in Saudi Arabia. The noduloulcerative lesions involve predominantly the extremities, and diabetes mellitus is the most common associate. It is hoped that this article will increase awareness for recognition of this entity to start appropriate therapy.
The elimination of intermediate containers in the evaluation of first-class array expressions (2003)

A language with first-class arrays has functions that map from arrays to arrays, where arrays are nested rectangular containers. Such languages are conceptually appropriate for a wide range of applications. Unfortunately, straightforward implementations have high memory allocation and data movement overheads. An algorithm and implementation which discover efficient implementations for first-class array expressions is presented. This optimizer achieves results equivalent to the code a good imperative programmer would produce. For many examples, all temporary arrays and unnecessary moves are avoided. To motivate and provide a basis for this work, a first-class array language is defined and examples of its use are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Photoassimilate Distribution Plants and Crops Source-Sink Relationships (2017)

Closely mowed turf constitutes a relatively simple ecosystem. The plant component consists of a mixture of grasses, often comprising two or three species but not uncommonly a blend of cultivars from a single species. A few weedy plants usually complete the plant community. The soil environment normally supports an abundant microflora due to the frequent introduction of organic matter in the form of grass roots, rhizomes and shoot detritus. Root feeding arthropods and other invertebrate animals are also present in reasonable numbers. On the soil surface, a layer of organic detritus referred to as thatch accumulates in mature turf. Thatch can accumulate to a depth of several centimeters and is composed of dead culm bases, rhizomes and roots with minor contributions from leaf clippings.
DNA aneuploidy and cell proliferation in familial adenomatous polyposis. (1988)

Two hundred and thirteen samples from 20 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) were investigated by flow cytometry and the results compared with 100 sporadic adenomas. Eleven of the 20 (55%) yielded one or more DNA aneuploid samples with an overall incidence within FAP adenomas of 12%. Despite a similar level of DNA aneuploidy in sporadic adenomas, it was commonly detected at a smaller polyp size. The degree of cell proliferation was found to be similar in the two groups (median %S+G2 15.8% v 16.4%) but larger FAP adenomas demonstrated a higher level of cell proliferation than smaller adenomas. DNA aneuploidy had no value as a predictor of a synchronous carcinoma and appeared to be an early change in the development of carcinoma in these patients.
Adobe InDesign Revealed (2005)

Coverage includes- Written for beginner-to-intermediate level students and professionals who want to learn how to use the latest version of InDesign, Adobe's increasingly popular design layout software. Illustrates concepts and skills clearly with visually-stimulating graphics and a unique tutorial-based pedagogy. Allows readers to build their portfolio with multiple projects throughout the text such creating advertisements, brochures, and flyers, putting skills and concepts learned into a real-world context. Offers instruction on how to work in the latest release of InDesign using either Mac or PC platforms.
Pathological and Serum Biochemical Study of Liver Fluke Infection in Ruminants Slaughtered at ELFORA Export Abattoir, Bishoftu, Ethiopia (2015)

A cross sectional study was conducted from September 2013 to July 2014 on a total of 284 ruminants (77 cattle, 99 sheep and 108 goats) to assess pathological and biochemical changes on liver infected with fluke at ELFORA export abattoir in Bishoftu, Ethiopia. Liver and blood samples of the same animals were collected using systematic random sampling. Gross and histopathological lesions and serum biochemical alterations were assessed. On the basis of gross pathological examination study animals were grouped into three: group-A (78.87%) showed no fasciola spp. and no visible gross lesion (taken as control groups), group-B (12.32%) confirmed with fasciola and fasciola indicative lesion and, group-C (8.80%) were co-infected (fasciola presence, fasciola indicative lesion and other lesions).
Antimalarial potency of 2-benzoyl-4-quinolinemethanols (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntimalarial potency of 2-benzoyl-4-quinolinemethanolsAndrew J. Saggiomo, Shinzo Kano, Toyohiko Kikuchi, Kazumi Okubo, and Masafu ShinboCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 9, 989–994Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00279a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00279a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neuroprotection by A<sub>2A</sub> receptor antagonists (2001)

Abstract Activation of A 2A receptors has been shown to protect neurons in the hippocampus from damage caused by excitotoxins or from cerebral insults such as ischaemia. For example, the A 2A agonist 2‐p‐(2‐carboxyethyl)phenethylamino‐5′‐ N ‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine hydrochloride (CGS 21680) protects the hippocampus at concentrations which are only partially blocked by the centrally acting adenosine A 1 receptor antagonist 8‐cyclopentyl‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine (CPX), suggesting that protection is mediated largely by the A 2A receptor. However, selective antagonists at the A 2A receptor, such as 4‐(2‐[7‐amino‐2‐{2‐furyl}{1,2,4}triazolo{2,3‐a}{1,3,5}triazin‐5‐yl‐amino]ethyl)phenol (ZM 241385), also show protection against neuronal death produced by ischaemia or excitotoxicity. In addition, A 2A receptor antagonists can reduce damage produced by combinations of subthreshold doses of the endogenous excitotoxin quinolinic acid and free radicals. The TdT‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method has revealed that, after systemic kainic acid administration, staining was apparent in the CA1 region of the hippocampus only, even though damage was present in both the CA1 and CA3a areas. In animals injected intrahippocampally, both apoptosis and damage were limited to the CA3 region. Intrahippocampal co‐injection of kainate together with ZM 241385 did not induce apoptosis even though damage was apparent. This suggests that the adenosine A 2A receptor may play a role in the route by which cells die during excitotoxicity. Overall, A 2A receptor antagonists appear to be promising candidates as new drugs for the prevention of neuronal damage and death in the central nervous system. Drug Dev. Res. 52:323–330, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design and implementation of real-time signal processing applications on heterogeneous multiprocessor arrays (2010)

Processing structures based on arrays of computational elements form an important class of architectures, which includes field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), systolic arrays, and various forms of multicore processors. A wide variety of design methods and tools have been targeted to regular processing arrays involving homogeneous processing elements. In this paper, we introduce the concept of field programmable X arrays (FPXAs) as an abstract model for design and implementation of heterogeneous multiprocessor arrays for signal processing systems. FPXAs are abstract structures that can be targeted for implementation on application-specific integrated circuits, FPGAs, or other kinds of reconfigurable processors. FPXAs can also be mapped onto multicore processors for flexible emulation. We discuss the use of dataflow models as an integrated application representation and intermediate representation for efficient specification and mapping of signal processing systems on FPXAs. We demonstrate our proposed models and techniques with a case study involving the embedding of an application-specific FPXA system on an off-the-shelf FPGA device.
DNA arrays: technology, options and toxicological applications (2000)

The human genome contains an estimated 3 billion bases of DNA making up some 100000 genes, and the variation within this genome accounts for human diversity and, in many cases, disease. Defining and understanding the expression profile of given genotypes is essential to understanding adverse effects from acute or chronic exposure to environmental toxicants or other stimuli. DNA array technology could help researchers understand how organisms function in response to exposure by elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underlie them. DNA arrays have been developed and refined over the past 5 years and matured into a relatively accessible and affordable technology. They vary in design from membrane-based filters with a few hundred cDNAs, to glass-based 'chips' with tens of thousands of genetic elements. Mammalian DNA arrays will soon allow expression analysis on a genome-wide scale, similar to that already accomplished in some lower organisms (e.g. S. cerevisiae, E. coli). These whole-genome arrays will be powerful tools for identifying and characterizing toxicants in environmental and pharmaceutical science. This review discusses the technology behind the production of DNA arrays, the options available to those interested in applying them to their own research, and the possible toxicological applications of this exciting new technology.