gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resonance in Strongly Coupled Dipole Systems (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Magnetomechanical Effects Ferromagnetic Resonance Energy Formulation of the Equations of Motion Resonance in Ferromagnetic Metals and Alloys Ferromagnetic Resonance of Poor Conductors Magnetostatic Modes Relaxation Processes Nonlinear Effects Spin-Wave Spectra of Thin Films Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Gyromagnetic Media Resonance in Unsaturated Samples Ferrimagnetic Resonance Antiferromagnetic Resonance Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Ordered Magnetic Materials The M��ssbauer Effect 
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Consensus Algorithms In Distributed Ledger Technology For Open Environment (2018)

Distributed Ledger Technology is getting famous day by day. Not only investors, financial organizations and technical personnel are interested in this technology, but also government and nearly every other organization are showing interest in this evolving technology. This technology deals with the settlement of transactions without the need of any third party. But it also requires that different nodes distributed all over the world should have the same state of the data to prevent faulty transactions for which there is a need of consensus algorithms. Many algorithms have already been developed and implemented. This paper discusses some of the algorithms that are widely accepted or talked about and also compares them in terms of centralization, energy consumption, transaction rate etc.
PI3K AT THE CLINICAL CROSSROADS (2011)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPI3K AT THE CLINICAL CROSSROADSAfter a frenzy to develop better and more selective PI3K INHIBITORS, companies now must figure out how to use them in cancer patientsLISA M. JARVISView Author Information C&EN NORTHEAST NEWS BUREAUCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2011, 89, 15, 15–19Publication Date (Print):April 11, 2011Publication History Published online9 March 2012Published inissue 11 April 2011https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v089n015.p015https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n015.p015newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2011 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Risk of breast, uterine corpus, and ovarian cancer in women receiving medroxyprogesterone injections (1983)

Animal studies have yielded conflicting results on the carcinogenicity of long-acting progestins. Since more than 1.5 million women worldwide are currently receiving injections of a contraceptive progestin, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, this is potentially an important public health problem. We obtained information on the occurrence of breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer among 5,000 black women attending a metropolitan hospital's family planning clinic who had received injections of medroxyprogesterone for contraception (between 1967 and 1976). The women were followed up for four to 13 years after their initial medroxyprogesterone injection. We compared the observed number of cancer cases in these women with the expected number based on annual age-, race-, and sex-specific rates derived from National Cancer Institute data. During more than 40,000 woman-years of observation, we found no evidence of an increased risk of developing cancer of the breast, uterine corpus, or ovary in these women. After adjusting for possible underascertainment of cancer because of incomplete follow-up, we found the relative risk for medroxyprogesterone users to be 0.7 for breast cancer (95% confidence limits, 0.3 to 1.4), 1.2 (95% confidence limits, 0.1 to 6.7) for cancer of the uterine corpus, and 0.8 (95% confidence limits, 0.1 to 4.6) for ovarian cancer. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2909-2912)
What Can Replace BiCMOS at Lower Supply Voltage Regime (1992)

This paper proposes a design concept for deep sub-miicron BiCMOS technologies operating faster than CMOS under low power supply by eliminating negative effects caused by the built-in voltage VBE. This is realized by a circuit configuration that temporary saturates and pre-charges the base-emitter junction, and by a self-aligned contact scheme for CMOS and bipolar transistors and an utilization of p-n-p transistors. Excellent circuit performance is demonstrated at supply voltages ranging from 3.3 to 1.5 volts.
Class-E combined-converter by phase-shift control (2003)

A class-E combined converter using phase-shift control is proposed that can be easily regulated for both wide load and wide line-voltage variations while the switching frequency and the tank resonant frequency are both fixed. A steady-state analysis is presented. Good performance is verified by experiments.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the gradient expansion of the exchange energy within linear response theory and beyond (1995)

Abstract In the present work, we reexamined the gradient expansion of the exchange energy of an electron gas with a slowly varying charge density. We stay within the exchange‐only approximation of Sharp, Horton, Talman, and Shadwick but go to second order in the deviation from the homogeneous limit. The coefficient of the lowest‐order gradient correction is obtained analytically both for a bare and a screened Coulomb interaction—the former yielding the value previously obtained by Kleinman numerically and by Engel and Vosko analytically. A screened Coulomb interaction gives Sham's coefficient in the limit of infinite screening length. The cause of the difference between the coefficients of Kleinman and Sham is clearly exhibited. The coefficients of the two next highest‐order gradient corrections, one of which originates in second‐order response theory, is shown to diverge as the screening length becomes large. The bare Coulomb interaction gives finite coefficients of which the one originating from linear response is obtained analytically and differs from the presumably correct result obtained by Engel and Vosko. This discrepancy demonstrates the extreme sensitivity of the analytical expressions to different regularization procedures. We suggest that coefficients should rather be chosen according to the performance of the resulting gradient approximations in weakly perturbed electron gases. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Broadband high-gain dispersioncompensating Raman amplifier (2000)

A Raman gain module compensating for both loss and dispersion of a 40 km standard telecommunication fibre span over the 1510–1565 nm band is reported. The optimised configuration ensures a low signal-spontaneous noise figure and negligible double-Rayleigh scattering noise. The high-gain margin of the amplifier makes it applicable for compensation of an 80 km span.
Study of Surface Roughness on Friction in Rolling/Sliding Contacts: Ball-on-Disc Versus Twin-Disc (2020)

Abstract Although the efficiency of a gear pair is currently high, a better understanding of surface/lubricant contribution on efficiency is critical. Electrified drivelines will, for example, impose higher speed and alternate loading, and it is expected that these new conditions will, to a greater extent, rely on the surface/lubricant characteristics. Phenomena taking place in the gear contact is often measured using ball-on-disc and twin-disc tribometers. In this study, these two test set-ups were compared in order to assess differences in the behaviour of surface/lubricant interactions. Results showed that ball-on-disc and twin-disc set-ups reflect the same friction trends. However, the friction results differed by a factor of roughly two, even though the tribometers were set-up to run at the same contact pressure. The wear mechanisms also differed: micropits occurred on discs used in the twin-disc set-up, whereas normal or no wear was found on the ball-on-disc specimens. The contact conditions for the two test set-ups were also analysed using a numerical model. The comparison of these two machines may aid gear designers in selecting the proper experimental set-up for their purpose.
Reaction center and light-harvesting I genes from <i>Rhodopseudomonas capsulata</i> (1984)

Five structural genes coding for the reaction center (RC) L, M, and H subunits and the two light-harvesting (LH) I polypeptides, B870alpha and B870beta, have been mapped on two restriction fragments from the R-prime plasmid pRPS404. It has been recently shown that enhanced near-infrared fluorescence mutants of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata typically lack RC or LH I polypeptides and that these lesions are marker-rescued by two restriction fragments from the R-prime plasmid: the 7.5-kilobase-pair EcoRI F fragment and the 4.75-kilobase-pair BamHI C-EcoRI fragment. We have now determined the nucleotide sequence of two restriction fragments and have found that the BamHI C-EcoRI B fragment carries the structural genes for the RC L and M subunits and both LH I polypeptides. Forty kilobase pairs away from this locus, the BamHI F fragment (within the EcoRI F fragment) carries the RC H subunit. The structural genes on the BamHI C-EcoRI B fragment are probably transcribed as part of a polycistronic mRNA. All of the structural genes begin with a consensus Shine-Dalgarno sequence and separate AUG start codons, indicating that the structural polypeptides are not cleaved from larger precursor polypeptides.
Ultrasonic low-frequency transducers with dry dot contact and their applications for evaluation of concrete structures (2003)

Low-frequency transducers with dry dot contact (or dry point contact (DPC)) allow to overcome the problems of ultrasonic contact in testing of concrete. With the help of these transducers, it is possible to carry out the testing of concrete and other solid materials with longitudinal and shear waves. The principle of operation and device of ultrasonic low-frequency piezoelectric transducers with DPC, which are generating on the surface of solid body normal and tangential oscillatory force are shown. Directional diagrams of acoustic fields of these transducers, waveform of signals and their spectrums are given. Also shown possible areas of application of these transducers, in particular for flaw detection and testing of strength of concrete structures.
Cure of Mammary Carcinomas in Her-2 Transgenic Mice through Sequential Stimulation of Innate (Neoadjuvant Interleukin-12) and Adaptive (DNA Vaccine Electroporation) Immunity (2005)

In Her-2 transgenic mice, IL-12 impairs tumor progression and triggers innate immunity so markedly that DNA vaccination becomes effective at late points in time when it is ineffective on its own.
Diagnosing Insulin Resistance by Simple Quantitative Methods in Subjects With Normal Glucose Metabolism (2003)

When compared with the S(i) index, the most sensitive and specific indirect method was the score proposed by McAuley et al. (specificity 0.91, sensitivity 0.75, 9.2 probability ratio of a positive test), followed by the existence of metabolic syndrome (specificity 0.91, sensitivity 0.66, 7.8 probability ratio of a positive test).
Cutting Edge: Susceptibility to Psoriatic Arthritis: Influence of Activating <i>Killer Ig-Like Receptor</i> Genes in the Absence of Specific HLA-C Alleles (2002)

NK cell activity is partially controlled through interactions between killer Ig-like receptors (KIR) on NK cells and their respective HLA class I ligands. Independent segregation of HLA and KIR genes, along with KIR specificity for particular HLA allotypes, raises the possibility that any given individual may express KIR molecules for which no ligand is present. Inhibitory receptor genes KIR2DL2/3 and KIR2DL1 were present in nearly all subjects sampled in this study, whereas their respective activating homologs, KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS1, are each present in about half of the subjects. In this work we report that subjects with activating KIR2DS1 and/or KIR2DS2 genes are susceptible to developing psoriatic arthritis, but only when HLA ligands for their homologous inhibitory receptors, KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL2/3, are missing. Absence of ligands for inhibitory KIRs could potentially lower the threshold for NK (and/or T) cell activation mediated through activating receptors, thereby contributing to pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis.
Three autism candidate genes: a synthesis of human genetic analysis with other disciplines (2004)

Autism is a particularly complex disorder when considered from virtually any methodological framework, including the perspective of human genetics. We first present a review of the genetic analysis principles relevant for discussing autism genetics research. From this body of work we highlight results from three candidate genes, REELIN (RELN), SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER (5HTT), and ENGRAILED 2 (EN2) and discuss the relevant neuroscience, molecular genetics, and statistical results that suggest involvement of these genes in autism susceptibility. As will be shown, the statistical results from genetic analysis, when considered alone, are in apparent conflict across research groups. We use these three candidate genes to illustrate different problems in synthesizing results from non-overlapping research groups examining the same problem. However, when basic genetic principles and results from other scientific disciplines are incorporated into a unified theoretical framework, at least some of the difficulties with interpreting results can be understood and potentially overcome as more data becomes available to the field of autism research. Integrating results from several scientific frameworks provides new hypotheses and alternative data collection strategies for future work.
Effect of a surgical aortocaval fistula on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (2003)

The presence of a surgical aortocaval fistula attenuates, rather than worsens, the development of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats.
Tests of a small-scale NACA submerged inlet at transonic Mach numbers (1950)

Report presenting the pressure-recovery characteristics at the vertical center line of an NACA submerged inlet of aspect ratio 5 measured in the Mach number range of 0.60 to 1.08 by the wing-flow method. Variation of ram-recovery ratio determined from measurements at the center line of the inlet with test station Mach number is presented for mass-flow ratios of 0.30 to 0.60. Results regarding the pressure-recovery characteristics and application of the data to fuselage installations are provided.
Vent Stitch Entrapment of Swan-Ganz Catheters during Cardiac Surgery (1984)

Department of Anesthesiology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Wood, Wisconsin. Address correspondence to Dr. Eduards J. Vucins, VA Medical Center, Anesthesiology Service/112A, 5000 W. National Avenue, Wood, WI 53193. This work was done at the Veterans Administration Medical Center, Wood, Wisconsin without grant support. Accepted for publication April 2, 1984.
Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling: Chemistry, Biology, and Tools for Discovery (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTCysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling: Chemistry, Biology, and Tools for DiscoveryCandice E. Paulsen and Kate S. Carroll*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, 33458, United States*Address: The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way, #2B2 Jupiter, FL 33458. E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: (561)-228-2460. Fax: (561) 228-2919.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 7, 4633–4679Publication Date (Web):March 20, 2013Publication History Received19 April 2012Published online20 March 2013Published inissue 10 July 2013https://doi.org/10.1021/cr300163eCopyright © 2013 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceArticle Views25902Altmetric-Citations744LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (12 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Disulfides,Modification,Monomers,Peptides and proteins,Thiols Get e-Alerts
Design Challenges in the Use of Silicon Carbide JFETs in Matrix Converter Applications (2013)

This paper investigates some of the challenges encountered during the implementation of a Silicon Carbide JFET matrix converter which has been designed to meet a specific power density of 20 kW/L with forced air cooling. After a brief introduction to the main features of the hardware implementation of the power converter, an insight into the control strategy and controller platform adopted is given with a particular attention to the issues relating to the high switching frequencies on the controller requirements and the performance implications of the gate drive circuitry. An analysis of the results which show the effects of gate driver and controller-induced commutation time limitations on the output waveform quality is presented. Wide bandgap semiconductor devices offer the power electronic engineer new opportunities for high-speed, high-efficiency designs but these devices cannot be used as a simple like for like replacements and as such the whole converter system needs to be looked at in order to successfully exploit these devices.
RET kinase inhibitors: a review of recent patents (2012–2015) (2016)

Tyrosine kinases are involved in the control of several biological processes and have been recognized as hot spots of oncogenic transformation, thus representing a major therapeutic target. Dysregulated activation of RET kinase, either through point mutations or gene fusions, is accountable for a significant fraction of thyroid carcinomas, as well as a minor population of lung cancers. Two drugs are currently available for the treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma and two additional compounds have been approved for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Several other molecules are under preclinical and clinical evaluation. Areas covered: This review covers the most recent patent literature (2012-2015) describing compounds with activity against the RET kinase, trying to catch a view of the next generation of potential anti-RET drugs. Expert opinion: RET has been a focus of molecularly targeted efforts for over a decade. However, none of the drugs currently on the clinical stage were specifically developed to hit RET, which was rather an off-target. Besides, only two of four drugs have activity on metastatic medullary carcinoma. Therefore, there is still a need of additional, more potent and more specific RET inhibitors, which will hopefully emerge from the new generation of compounds disclosed in most recent patents.
Industrial Applications of Cyclodextrins (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIndustrial Applications of CyclodextrinsAllan R. HedgesView Author Information Cerestar USA, Inc., 1100 Indianapolis Boulevard, Hammond, Indiana 46320 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 1998, 98, 5, 2035–2044Publication Date (Web):June 25, 1998Publication History Received19 November 1997Revised27 May 1998Published online25 June 1998Published inissue 30 July 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr970014whttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr970014wresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6798Altmetric-Citations874LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Complexation,Macrocyclic compounds,Oligosaccharides,Polymers,Solubility Get e-Alerts
Return of Frustratingly Easy Domain Adaptation (2015)

Unlike human learning, machine learning often fails to handle changes between training (source) and test (target) input distributions. Such domain shifts, common in practical scenarios, severely damage the performance of conventional machine learning methods. Supervised domain adaptation methods have been proposed for the case when the target data have labels, including some that perform very well despite being "frustratingly easy" to implement. However, in practice, the target domain is often unlabeled, requiring unsupervised adaptation. We propose a simple, effective, and efficient method for unsupervised domain adaptation called CORrelation ALignment (CORAL). CORAL minimizes domain shift by aligning the second-order statistics of source and target distributions, without requiring any target labels. Even though it is extraordinarily simple--it can be implemented in four lines of Matlab code--CORAL performs remarkably well in extensive evaluations on standard benchmark datasets.
Carbon Nanotubes as a Ligand in Cp<sub>2</sub>ZrCl<sub>2</sub>‐Based Ethylene Polymerization (2005)

Abstract Summary: We report a simple method for tuning catalytic property of a metallocene‐based catalyst, Cp 2 ZrCl 2 , for ethylene polymerization by the direct adsorption of Cp 2 ZrCl 2 onto multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The direct interactions between MWCNTs and the Cp rings of Cp 2 ZrCl 2 controlled the polymerization behaviors, and we could generate polyethylene with an extremely high molecular weight ( $\overline M _{\rm w}$ = 1 000 000) at 30 °C and under 1 atm of ethylene gas. Preparation of Cp 2 ZrCl 2 ‐MWCNT. magnified image Preparation of Cp 2 ZrCl 2 ‐MWCNT.