gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>β</mml:mi></mml:math>cerium:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>LDA</mml:mtext><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mtext>U</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:math>calculations of ground-state parameters (2008)

In this paper, we present a study of the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ phase of cerium. We show that this is a correlated phase like $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ cerium. Their structural parameters and the antiferromagnetic ground state of $\ensuremath{\beta}$ Cerium are correctly described within the local density approximation with a Hubbard parameter $\text{U}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}(\text{LDA}+\text{U})$. We also discuss the problem of the search for the ground state of the system. The calculations are done within the projector augmented wave framework.
Comparison of hydrogen adsorption and aniline hydrogenation over co-precipitated Co/Al2O3 and Ni/Al2O3 catalysts (1997)

Co/Al 2 O 3 catalysts with different cobalt content (10–50 wt.%) have been prepared by a co-precipitation method at pH 8. The catalysts were characterised by physical measurements (pore volume, bulk density, surface area and XRD) and by H 2 and O 2 chemisorption. The catalytic properties were evaluated using the aniline hydrogenation reaction. The conversion and product selectivities are discussed with respect to metal content, reaction temperature and contact time. The adsorption and catalytic properties of Co/Al 2 O 3 were compared with those of Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalysts containing the same metal content and prepared under similar conditions. The conversion and selectivity differences are discussed.
Comparison of azabicyclic esters and oxadiazoles as ligands for the muscarinic receptor (1991)

The link between the cognitive deficit associated with Alzheimer type dementia and the loss of cholinergic function in the disease provides a basis for examining muscarinic agonists as potential therapeutic agents. This paper describes the design and synthesis of novel azabicyclic methyl esters as ligands for the muscarinic receptor. Replacement of the methyl ester by a 3-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring produces potent metabolically more stable muscarinic agonists capable of penetrating the central nervous system. These compounds generally show improved affinity relative to the corresponding methyl esters. 3-Methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole 7b has an affinity 4 times that of acetylcholine. Receptor affinity is discussed in relation to the size and geometry of the azabicyclic ring and the electronic properties of the heteroaromatic ring.
Effects of exogeneous stress protein 70 on the functional properties of human promonocytes through binding to the cell surface and internalization. (1998)

Effects of exogeneous stress protein 70 on the functional properties of human promonocytes through binding to the cell surface and internalization.
Expression of the murine <i>Hoxa4</i> gene requires both autoregulation and a conserved retinoic acid response element (1998)

Analysis of the regulatory regions of the Hox genes has revealed a complex array of positive and negative cis-acting elements that control the spatial and temporal pattern of expression of these genes during embryogenesis. In this study we show that normal expression of the murine Hoxa4 gene during development requires both autoregulatory and retinoic acid-dependent modes of regulation. When introduced into a Hoxa4 null background, expression of a lacZ reporter gene driven by the Hoxa4 regulatory region (Hoxa4/lacZ) is either abolished or significantly reduced in all tissues at E10. 5-E12.5. Thus, the observed autoregulation of the Drosophila Deformed gene is conserved in a mouse homolog in vivo, and is reflected in a widespread requirement for positive feedback to maintain Hoxa4 expression. We also identify three potential retinoic acid response elements in the Hoxa4 5' flanking region, one of which is identical to a well-characterized element flanking the Hoxd4 gene. Administration of retinoic acid to Hoxa4/lacZ transgenic embryos resulted in stage-dependent ectopic expression of the reporter gene in the neural tube and hindbrain. When administered to Hoxa4 null embryos, however, persistent ectopic expression was not observed, suggesting that autoregulation is required for maintenance of the retinoic acid-induced expression. Finally, mutation of the consensus retinoic acid response element eliminated the response of the reporter gene to exogenous retinoic acid, and abolished all embryonic expression in untreated embryos, with the exception of the neural tube and prevertebrae. These data add to the evidence that Hox gene expression is regulated, in part, by endogenous retinoids and autoregulatory loops.
Achromatic reflectron compressor design for bright pulses in femtosecond electron diffraction (2009)

We have designed a femtosecond electron gun suitable for ultrafast electron diffraction experiments, operating in the 30–100 kV regime. The concept is based on recompression of chirped expanding electron pulses emitted from a direct current photogun using a novel dispersion-corrected reflectron concept. We show, using detailed numerical simulations, that our design is capable of producing electron pulses containing 200 000 electrons with a full width at half maximum pulse duration of 130 fs, a root mean squared (rms) pulse radius of 140 μm, and transverse coherence length of 1.5 nm at 100 kV. Our analysis includes the bunch properties at the sample, as well as interactions of the main pulse of high charge density with diffracted electrons. Since our design employs only static electron optics, we believe that it will be easier to implement than concepts based on radio frequency compression.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Serine Analogues to be Used as Modified Phospho Acceptor Sites in Substrates of Protein Kinase C. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ultralow noise miniature external cavity semiconductor laser (2015)

Advanced applications in optical metrology demand improved lasers with high spectral purity, in form factors that are small and insensitive to environmental perturbations. While laboratory-scale lasers with extraordinarily high stability and low noise have been reported, all-integrated chip-scale devices with sub-100 Hz linewidth have not been previously demonstrated. Lasers integrated with optical microresonators as external cavities have the potential for substantial reduction of noise. However, stability and spectral purity improvements of these lasers have only been validated with rack-mounted support equipment, assembled with fibre lasers to marginally improve their noise performance. In this work we report on a realization of a heterogeneously integrated, chip-scale semiconductor laser featuring 30-Hz integral linewidth as well as sub-Hz instantaneous linewidth.
Road Hazard Detection and Sharing with Multimodal Sensor Analysis on Smartphones (2013)

The sensing, computing and communicating capabilities of smart phones bring new possibilities for creating smart applications, including in-car mobile applications for smart cities. However, due to the dynamic nature of vehicles, many requirements such as sensor management, signal and image processing or information sharing needs exist when developing a smart sensor-based in-car mobile application. On the other hand, most in-car applications generally employ single-modal sensor analysis, which also yields limited results. Using the advanced capabilities of smart phones, this study proposes a framework with built-in multimodal sensor analysis capability, and enables easy and rapid development of signal and image processing-based smart mobile applications. Within this framework, an abstraction for fast access to synchronized sensor readings, a plug in based multimodal analysis interface for signal and image processing applications, and a toolset to connect to other users or servers for sharing the results are provided built-in. As part of this study, a sample mobile application is also developed to demonstrate the applicability of the framework. This application is used for detecting defects on the road, such as potholes and speed bumps, and it automatically extracts the video section and the image of the corresponding road segment containing the defect. Upon such critical hazard detection, the application instantly informs nearby users about the incident. A good detection rate of speed bumps is obtained in the performed tests, while the advantage of automatic image extraction based on the multimodal approach is also demonstrated.
Learning Deep Object Detectors from 3D Models (2015)

Crowdsourced 3D CAD models are easily accessible online, and can potentially generate an infinite number of training images for almost any object category. We show that augmenting the training data of contemporary Deep Convolutional Neural Net (DCNN) models with such synthetic data can be effective, especially when real training data is limited or not well matched to the target domain. Most freely available CAD models capture 3D shape but are often missing other low level cues, such as realistic object texture, pose, or background. In a detailed analysis, we use synthetic CAD images to probe the ability of DCNN to learn without these cues, with surprising findings. In particular, we show that when the DCNN is fine-tuned on the target detection task, it exhibits a large degree of invariance to missing low-level cues, but, when pretrained on generic ImageNet classification, it learns better when the low-level cues are simulated. We show that our synthetic DCNN training approach significantly outperforms previous methods on the benchmark PASCAL VOC2007 dataset when learning in the few-shot scenario and improves performance in a domain shift scenario on the Office benchmark.
The effect of renal disease on the disposition of venlafaxine (1994)

The pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine and its active metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine were studied in subjects with various degrees of renal dysfunction, including subjects requiring maintenance hemodialysis. Venlafaxine was administered as a single 50 mg dose, with blood and urine samples obtained at intervals up to 48 hours after administration for the subjects receiving dialysis or 72 hours for the subjects not receiving dialysis. Six subjects receiving dialysis also completed an intradialysis evaluation to estimate dialysis clearance. Concentrations of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine in plasma, urine, and dialysate fluid were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Apparent total clearance of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine were both significantly decreased by approximately 55% in the subjects receiving dialysis, and terminal disposition half-life was significantly prolonged for both compounds. Venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine are poorly dialyzable. In conclusion, the disposition of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine is markedly altered in renal disease; therefore dosage adjustment is warranted for patients with creatinine clearance values below 30 ml/min.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2003)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was the first human malignancy to be associated with a specific genetic lesion, the Philadelphia chromosome, harboring the BCR-ABL oncogene. Since then, it has become a paradigm for the discovery of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapeutic approaches in the field of hematologic neoplasias. The past 5 years or so have been particularly fruitful in the dissection of the signal transduction pathways abnormally activated in CML and in the translation of this knowledge to clinical practice. In this report, we discuss the biological basis for such translation and highlight the current and potential tools for the effective treatment of CML patients. The first part presents a review of the basic concepts on the biology of CML and their application to the design of targeted therapy. The mechanisms of action of the molecular-specific drugs currently used in clinical trials are discussed, with emphasis on the description of the most promising new compounds that are enhancing the potential for effective alternative or combination chemotherapy in CML. In the following section, we explain how molecular monitoring of response to imatinib mesylate in patients with CML can be used as a guide to clinical management. In particular, we discuss the relative value of regular quantitative RT/PCR and cytogenetic analyses, how responding patients should be monitored and managed, and how to investigate patients who are refractory or become resistant to imatinib treatment. In the last part of this report, a discussion on the possibility of managing CML with patient-specific strategies is presented. We review the current treatment options, highlight the factors impacting on decision making, discuss the range of possibilities for future therapeutic strategies and propose a systematic approach for individualizing treatment for patients in different disease categories.
Genetic Factors in Nonspecific Bronchial Hyperreactivity (1987)

We tested bronchial reactivity to carbachol in 50 asthmatics, healthy parents of 40 asthmatic children, and 70 healthy subjects with no personal or family history of asthma. Stepped doses of carbachol (0.1%) aerosol were given until a 50% drop in forced expiratory flow rate from 25% to 75% was observed, or until the subject had inhaled 80 of his or her own vital-capacity equivalent volumes of the aerosol. The area under the dose-response curve was computed. Histograms of the carbachol reactivity showed a bimodal distribution: 10% of normal subjects and 50% of nonasthmatic parents had values in the asthmatic range. In 85% of parent couples at least one of the two parents had bronchial reactivity without being asthmatic. Our findings suggest that bronchial reactivity to a cholinergic bronchoconstrictor indicates an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance.
Social Workers as Writers: The Process of Writing; A personal Account (1990)

(1990). Social Workers as Writers: The Process of Writing; A personal Account. Australian Social Work: Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 4-4.
A dual-band image-reject mixer for GPS with 64dB image rejection (2005)

A dual-band image-reject mixer is designed for a GPS L1/L2 dual-band receiver with an extension of the conventional Weaver architecture. The quadrature mixer with phase ermr compensation capability in the quadrature LO signal without calibration and tuning is reported. The measurement of the dual-hand image-reject mixer demonstrated 64dB image reject ratio (IMRR).
Synthesis, regulation and utilization of lignocellulosic biomass (2010)

Increasing the range of fuels and bioproducts that are derived from lignocellulosic biomass and the efficiency at which they are produced hinges on a detailed understanding of the cell wall biosynthetic process. Herein, we review the structure and biosynthesis of lignocellulosic biomass and also highlight recent breakthroughs that demonstrate a complex regulatory system of transcription factors, small interfering RNAs and phosphorylation that ultimately dictate the development of the polyalaminate cell wall. Finally, we provide an update on cases where plant biotechnology has been used to improve lignocellulosic biomass utilization as a second-generation biofuel source.
Insertion of an articulated human into a networked virtual environment (2002)

Most distributed interactive simulation (DIS) technology demonstrated in recent years has focused on vehicle interaction. The dismounted infantryman-the individual soldier-has been largely ignored or represented by static models. In six weeks of development, the Naval Postgraduate School, SARCOS Inc., and University of Pennsylvania, under Army Research Laboratory sponsorship, demonstrated the insertion of a fully articulated human figure into a DIS environment. This paper describes the system architecture.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Gadolinium‐enhanced high‐resolution MR angiography with adaptive vessel tracking: Preliminary results in the intracranial circulation (1992)

To overcome problems associated with poor contrast between vessels and background tissue in time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, the role of intravenous gadopentetate dimeglumine in conjunction with a postprocessing adaptive vessel tracking scheme was studied. Vessel tracking makes it possible to discriminate arteries from veins, to prevent problems associated with other bright tissues on maximum-intensity projections, and to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. Short, asymmetric, velocity-compensated field echoes were used in conjunction with high-resolution imaging techniques to spatially discriminate between adjacent vessels and stationary background tissue. Gadopentetate dimeglumine was shown to be useful for visualization of small vessels, aneurysms, and regions of slow flow, when used with this post-processing scheme.
Design of stable foam fracturing treatments (1976)

Successful stimulation depends on creating a fracture, which can be propped for the desired length, using a fluid that does not substantially reduce the formation permeability next to the fracture. Therefore, the selection of the fluid is usually the key to designing a successful fracture treatment. One of the more recent innovations in fracturing technology is the use of foam as a fracturing fluid. The purpose of this study is to present a computerized approach to the engineering design of stable foam fracturing treatments. A computer program, which is available for industry use, has been written which calculates the behavior of foam in the tubulars and the resulting fracture dimensions. The effects of specific changes in fracture treatment design can be easily analyzed, which allows the engineer to optimize the treatment design. (13 refs.)
Iodine for the Disinfection of Water (1968)

This article discusses several studies on the use of iodine for the disinfection of water: the 1958 study of the effectiveness of iodine for the disinfection of swimming pools at the University of Florida; the 1963 study of two water systems serving three prisons at Lowell, Florida; and, the 1964 study of the presence of pollution and the role that iodine might play as a viricide in the water system of Gainesville, Florida. The article briefly discusses a sensitive and reproducible colorimetric method for the determination of iodine, iodide, and iodate ion residuals in water. The method allows for the accurate determination of iodine in the presence of a coexisting free or combined chlorine residual. With simple modification, a free chlorine residual may be rapidly and accurately determined without interference from high concentrations of combined chlorine, at relatively high water temperatures. Total chlorine is determined by the addition of iodide and the combined chlorine is obtained by the difference.
Ochrobactrum anthropi gen. nov., sp. nov. from Human Clinical Specimens and Previously Known as Group Vd (1988)

In this study we examined the taxonomic relationships of strains variously labeled Achromobacter species biotypes 1 and 2, Achromobacter group A, and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) groups Vd-1 and Vd-2. Previous studies of ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistron similarities placed these organisms on the Brucella ribosomal ribonucleic acid branch of ribosomal ribonucleic acid superfamily IV; their closest neighbors were Brucella, Phyllobacterium, and the Agrobacterium-Rhizobium complex. We performed a numerical taxonomic analysis of 284 phenotypic features (69 conventional tests, 147 API assimilation tests, 68 API ZYM tests) carried out on 95 strains. These organisms comprised 56 strains thought to correspond to CDC group Vd (including 3 strains originally labeled “Pseudomonas arsenoxydans”) and 39 strains (included for reference purposes) representing the genera Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Brucella, Mycoplana, Phyllobacterium, and Rhizobium. A phenotypic analysis showed that group Vd bacteria are most similar to Phyllobacterium. However, strains of Group Vd were shown to be distinct by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization and by several phenotypic tests from Phyllobacterium and other related taxa. The CDC group Vd strains formed essentially a single taxon in the numerical taxonomic analysis of phenotypic characters and as determined by DNA-DNA hybridization. This taxon could be subdivided into three biotypes (biotypes A, C, and D), but none of these corresponded to the two biotypes originally described among the group Vd strains. For CDC group Vd we propose a new genus and new species, Ochrobactrum anthropi: The type strain is strain CIP 82.115 (= CIP 14970 = NCTC 12168 = LMG 3331). O. anthropi strains are rod shaped, aerobic, gram negative, nonpigmented, and motile by means of peritrichous flagella, produce acid from several carbohydrates, and reduce both nitrate and nitrite. The guanine-plus-cytosine contents of the DNAs of 29 strains ranged from 56 to 59 mol%. Almost all 56 group Vd strains were originally isolated from various human clinical specimens, commonly from blood cultures.
Particle Size and Rapid Stability Analyses of Concentrated Dispersions: Use of Multiple Light Scattering Technique (2004)

Characterization of colloidal systems and investigation of their stability in their native state (i.e. without denaturation) is of prime importance for the formulator who wants to optimize the development of new products. A new technique has been developed, based on Multiple Light Scattering (MLS) to measure and analyze instability phenomena in liquid colloidal dispersions from 0 to 95% in volume fraction, with particles from 0.1 µm to 1mm, 5 to 50 times quicker than the naked eye. It is also a useful technique to characterize the dispersion state of colloidal samples (for quality control purposes) and the mean diameter of particles in dispersions (for analytical purposes).
Sensing high speed phenomena using fiber gratings and the Sagnac interferometer (2011)

Fiber grating sensors and the Sagnac interferometer can be used to support a wide variety of high speed measurement applications. This paper explores the uses of both of these types of fiber optic sensors to measure environmental phenomenon at high speeds. In both cases there are environmental measurements that can be made at speeds that are limited only by the speed of the output detectors. In others the limitation is the response of the optical fiber itself. A series of examples will be given that illustrate the historical usage and future utility of these sensors to operate at speeds and in environments that would be very difficult for electrical sensors to match.