gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated speech scoring for non-native middle school students with multiple task types (2013)

This study presents the results of applying automated speech scoring technology to English spoken responses provided by non-native children in the context of an English proficiency assessment for middle school students. The assessment contains three diverse task types designed to measure a student’s English communication skills, and an automated scoring system was used to extract features and build scoring models for each task. The results show that the automated scores have a correlation of r = 0.70 with human scores for the Read Aloud task, which matches the human-human agreement level. For the two tasks involving spontaneous speech, the automated scores obtain correlations of r = 0.62 and r = 0.63 with human scores, which represents a drop of 0.08 0.09 from the humanhuman agreement level. When all 5 scores from the assessment for a given student are aggregated, the automated speaker-level scores show a correlation of r = 0.78 with human scores, compared to a human-human correlation of r = 0.90. The challenges of using automated spoken language assessment for children are discussed, and directions for future improvements are proposed.
Adaptive Transport Protocols in Multi Agent System (2008)

Multi agent system (MAS) is an emerging subfield of distributed artificial intelligence, but it has already proven its metal as a significant technology that converted the mind of researchers to develop the autonomous applications. The primary problem that is fueling the need for MAS at design time is to predict all the possible situations and behaviors which would be faced by multi agent systems during its execution, so they must be dynamic and have the capability to learn from and adapt to their environments accordingly. Currently, all MASs uses static approach to load the transport level protocols without taking into consideration the requirements of the protocol by the application. To overcome the aforementioned problem in this paper we proposed a solution for message transport services that predicts the environment by calculating the frequency of protocols to dynamically upload the transport protocols. This enables the MAS to efficiently utilize the resources and when the particular task has been accomplished, free the resources and download the protocol as well. Moreover, it will support future transportation requirements that will be easily plug-in with the existing infrastructure. Adaptability at the transport level protocols not only adds efficiency to the MAS but also make it more flexible and scaleable that ultimately increases the efficiency of overall system.
Design of voltage unbalance generating device based on negative sequence injection method (2010)

Single-phase large-capacity loads, such as electrified railways, electric arc furnaces, welding machines and so on, will exert influences on the power quality of the power system. As one important problem of them, three-phase unbalance may thereby endanger the safety of various types of electrical equipments. In this paper, reasons and hazards of three-phase unbalance are analyzed. According to the measurement method based on symmetrical components, the three-phase unbalanced generating device is designed. Its main circuit topology is electric power converter of AC-DC-AC with cascaded H-bridge units. The novel method of injecting the negative sequence components is used to simulate voltage unbalance disturbances. The correctness and effectiveness of the device and control algorithms are verified through experiments. This is of great significance for the development of three-phase unbalance compensation device and power quality control equipment and thus to improve the power quality.
Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 Delivered Within Autologous Blood Coagulum Restores Critical Size Segmental Defects of Ulna in Rabbits (2018)

BMP2 and BMP7, which use bovine Achilles tendon-derived absorbable collagen sponge and bovine bone collagen as scaffold, respectively, have been approved as bone graft substitutes for orthopedic and dental indications. Here, we describe an osteoinductive autologous bone graft substitute (ABGS) that contains recombinant human BMP6 (rhBMP6) dispersed within autologous blood coagulum (ABC) scaffold. The ABGS is created as an injectable or implantable coagulum gel with rhBMP6 binding tightly to plasma proteins within fibrin meshwork, as examined by dot-blot assays, and is released slowly as an intact protein over 6 to 8 days, as assessed by ELISA. The biological activity of ABGS was examined in vivo in rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) and rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>). In a rat subcutaneous implant assay, ABGS induced endochondral bone formation, as observed by histology and micro-CT analyses. In the rabbit ulna segmental defect model, a reproducible and robust bone formation with complete bridging and restoration of the defect was observed, which is dose dependent, as determined by radiographs, micro-CT, and histological analyses. In ABGS, ABC scaffold provides a permissive environment for bone induction and contributes to the use of lower doses of rhBMP6 compared with BMP7 in bovine bone collagen as scaffold. The newly formed bone undergoes remodeling and establishes cortices uniformly that is restricted to implant site by bridging with host bone. In summary, ABC carrier containing rhBMP6 may serve as an osteoinductive autologous bone graft substitute for several orthopedic applications that include delayed and nonunion fractures, anterior and posterior lumbar interbody fusion, trauma, and nonunions associated with neurofibromatosis type I.
The effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular function and mechanics in healthy humans (2010)

This thesis examined the effect of heat stress, dehydration and exercise on global left ventricular (LV) function and LV twist, untwisting and strain (LV mechanics) in healthy individuals. The primary aim was to identify whether the different haemodynamics induced by heat stress, dehydration and exercise would be associated with alterations in systolic and diastolic LV mechanics as assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Study one showed that enhanced systolic and diastolic LV mechanics during progressively increasing heat stress at rest likely compensate in part for a lower venous return, resulting in a maintained stroke volume (SV). In contrast, heat stress during knee-extensor exercise did not significantly increase LV twist, suggesting that exercise attenuates the increase in LV mechanics seen during passive heat stress. Study two revealed that dehydration enhances systolic LV mechanics whilst diastolic mechanics remain unaltered at rest, despite pronounced reductions in preload. The maintenance of systolic and diastolic LV mechanics with dehydration during knee-extensor exercise further suggests that the large decline in SV with dehydration and hyperthermia is caused by peripheral cardiovascular factors and not impaired LV mechanics. During both, heat stress and dehydration, enhanced systolic
Stacking of Narrow Aperture Common Shot Inversions (1990)

A typical inversion experiment consists of a source and an array of receivers. Data from a single shot usually will not suffice to produce an image of the subsurface, thus, the need for some kind of post inversion summing (stacking, in the geophysical literature) of the data. Here the question of how to carry out that stacking of data is examined. This paper was motivated, in part, by a post stack parameter estimation technique proposed by Beylkin and Burridge to aperture limited, band limited data. It is shown by classical methods that their procedure is an integration over the angle between rays from the source and receiver to the output point. It is crucial in their analysis that the range of integration in this opening angle be known. Drawing on earlier results, it is explained why, in general, that angular-range is unknown for high frequency band limited data. Under the assumption that those problems can be resolved, the system of equations is presented that arise for the determination of earth parameter variations at a reflector in the case of acoustic reflection, PP, SHSH, and SVSV reflection with a constant background. It is proposed, as an alternative, that the simple sum of all of the separate inversions produce an image of the subsurface, and it is recommended that the separate common shot inversions be used for parameter estimation. Both processes for a simple example are carried out and the effects of noise on recommended post inversion stacking is shown. Also presented are two alternative stacking methods that give poorer results. Finally, an example of application of the procedure to data generated in a tank is presented.
Robotic Assistance to Flexible Endoscopy by Physiological-Motion Tracking (2011)

Flexible endoscopes are used in many diagnostic exams, like gastroscopies or colonoscopies, as well as for small surgical procedures. Recently, they have also been used for endoscopic surgical procedures through natural orifices [natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)] and for single-port-access abdominal surgery (SPA). Indeed, flexible endoscopes allow access of operating areas that are not easily reachable with only one small external or internal incision. However, their manipulation is complex, especially for surgical interventions. This study proposes to motorize the flexible endoscope and to partly robotize its movements in order to help the physicians during such interventions. The paper explains how the robotized endoscope can be used to automatically track an area of interest despite breathing motion. The system uses visual servoing and repetitive control strategies and allows stabilization of the endoscopic view. All required parameters are automatically estimated. In vivo experiments show the validity of the proposed solution for the improvement of the manipulation of flexible endoscopes.
Tumor slices as a model to evaluate doxorubicin in vitro treatment and expression of trios of genes PRSS11, MTSS1, CLPTM1 and PRSS11, MTSS1, SMYD2 in canine mammary gland cancer (2008)

Three-dimensional distribution of samples according to the expression of the trios of genes PRSS11, MTSS1, CLPTM1 and PRSS11, MTSS1, SMYD2 could not predict doxorubicin in vitro responsiveness. Short term culture of mammary gland cancer slices may be an interesting model to evaluate chemotherapy activity.
High power diode-pumped laser technology (2004)

The paper deals with the progress of diode-pumped laser technologies such as rods, fibers, thin-disks, slabs, and even gases , which are all in the running to engineer systems that are scalable to ever higher power.
Bootstrapping bilingual data using consensus translation for a multilingual instant messaging system (2002)

One of the primary issues in training statistical translation models is the paucity of bilingual data. In this paper, we propose techniques to alleviate the bilingual data bottleneck by creating a consensus from translations of monolingual data provided by several off-the-shelf translation engines. We compute the consensus alignment using a multi-sequence alignment algorithm used for DNA sequence alignment. We present an application of this technique to bootstrap bilingual data for the general domain of instant messaging. We train hierarchical statistical translation models on the bootstrapped bilingual data and show that the resulting statistical translation model outperforms each individual off-the-shelf translation system.
The NOL Large Scale Gap Test. III. Compilation of Unclassified Data and Supplementary Information for Interpretation of Results (1974)

The objectives of this report are to bring up to date the compilations of all unclassified NOL large-scale gap test (LSGT) results, to describe exactly the present standardized test, and to review or report all NOL studies made on the test or modifications of it. The topics presented included standardized test procedure, best test calibration, effect of temperature and porosity on sensitivity, and the effect on test values of modifying the test. A comparison between the NOL large scale and small scale gap test values is given, and also the relationship of the former to the wedge test data. Finally an appendix is devoted to the compilation of critical diameter (dc) measurements and to showing that there is no general relationship between the LSGT results and dc. (Author)
Functions of the Membrane-Associated and Cytoplasmic Malate Dehydrogenases in the Citric Acid Cycle of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2000)

Oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate in Escherichia coli can be catalyzed by two enzymes: the well-known NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH; EC 1.1.1.37) and the membrane-associated malate:quinone-oxidoreductase (MQO; EC 1.1.99.16), encoded by the gene mqo (previously called yojH). Expression of the mqo gene and, consequently, MQO activity are regulated by carbon and energy source for growth. In batch cultures, MQO activity was highest during exponential growth and decreased sharply after onset of the stationary phase. Experiments with the beta-galactosidase reporter fused to the promoter of the mqo gene indicate that its transcription is regulated by the ArcA-ArcB two-component system. In contrast to earlier reports, MDH did not repress mqo expression. On the contrary, MQO and MDH are active at the same time in E. coli. For Corynebacterium glutamicum, it was found that MQO is the principal enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate. These observations justified a reinvestigation of the roles of MDH and MQO in the citric acid cycle of E. coli. In this organism, a defined deletion of the mdh gene led to severely decreased rates of growth on several substrates. Deletion of the mqo gene did not produce a distinguishable effect on the growth rate, nor did it affect the fitness of the organism in competition with the wild type. To investigate whether in an mqo mutant the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate could have been taken over by a bypass route via malic enzyme, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase, and phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase, deletion mutants of the malic enzyme genes sfcA and b2463 (coding for EC 1.1.1.38 and EC 1.1.1.40, respectively) and of the phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (EC 2.7.9.2) gene pps were created. They were introduced separately or together with the deletion of mqo. These studies did not reveal a significant role for MQO in malate oxidation in wild-type E. coli. However, comparing growth of the mdh single mutant to that of the double mutant containing mdh and mqo deletions did indicate that MQO partly takes over the function of MDH in an mdh mutant.
Coping with Costly Bid Evaluation in Online Reverse Auctions for IT Services (2008)

Online markets have dramatically decreased costs of search and communication for buyers. By contrast, costs of evaluating purchasing alternatives have become critical due to an overwhelming range of available options. When high, evaluation costs can offset potential gains from transactions and cause inefficiencies, e.g. by forcing buyers to abandon transactions without allocating contracts. While most previous studies treat evaluation costs as an exoge-nous factor, this study considers them endogenous. We identify several tactics (search, request for proposal preparation, budget announcement, bid filtering, and negotiation) that buyers at online markets can use to reduce their evaluation costs and hence influence project allocation. Using data from nearly 10 thousand transactions at a leading online marketplace for IT services, we show that buyers who use these tactics are more likely to allocate their project to a winner than buyers not using these tactics. Buyer experience also has a positive effect on allocation and, in addition, moderates the effectiveness of some of the tactics. As experience grows, budget announcement be-comes more effective in coping with evaluation costs and increases the likelihood of allocation, while the effectiveness of request for proposal preparation decreases. Together, these results shed more light on the buyer side of online reverse auctions, which leads to guidelines for improving the efficiency of online marketplaces.
Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands (1990)

A new edition of this treatise on the surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands by known specialists, this book provides an integrated and balanced approach to the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer, the diagnosis of benign thyroid disease, and offers a detailed overview of thyroid needle biopsy.
Phosphine and olefin complexes of copper(I) trifluoroacetate (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhosphine and olefin complexes of copper(I) trifluoroacetateMartin B. DinesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 12, 2949–2952Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50118a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50118a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views271Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Endometrial destruction techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding (2005)

Endometrial ablation techniques continue to play an important role in the management of HMB. The rapid development of a number of new methods of endometrial destruction has made systematic comparisons between methods and with the 'gold standard' of transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) difficult. Most of the newer techniques are technically easier than hysteroscopy-based methods to perform. However, uterine perforation, which is the major complication of endometrial ablation, cannot be excluded without hysteroscopy. Overall, the existing evidence suggests that success rates and complication profiles of newer techniques of ablation compare favourably with TCRE, although technical difficulties with new equipment need to be ironed out.
A Very Simple Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Phenols Employing Hydroxide Salts (2009)

Cheap and cheerful: The direct copper-catalyzed hydroxylation of activated and unactivated aryl iodides or bromides has been achieved using metal hydroxide salts (MOH). Selective hydroxylation in a H2O/co-solvent system avoids formation of the related biaryl ether by-product and the low cost of the copper catalytic system makes this method very competitive. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Design and implementation of a quantum compiler (2010)

We present a compiler for programming quantum architectures based on the Quantum Random Access Machine (QRAM) model. The QRAM model consists of a classical subsystem responsible for generating the quantum operations that are executed on a quantum subsystem. The compiler can also be applied to trade studies for optimizing the reliability and latency of quantum programs and to determine the required error correction resources. We use the Bacon-Shor [9, 1, 3] quantum error correcting code as an example quantum program that can be processed and analyzed by the compiler.
Dynamic context-aware adaptation of mobile phone incoming call indication using context similarity (2013)

Mobile phones are the most ubiquitous communication devices. The incoming call indication service is sometimes provided in an inappropriate form (e.g. ring tone when user is in a classroom, when driving, sleeping, etc.). User's context changes very often because of the mobility. It is very inconvenient to always keep the settings of the mobile device up to date, to the current context. In this paper, we propose a context-aware incoming call indication adaptation based on context similarity. The approach consists for a particular context to look for the nearest known context and adapt the service indication of incoming calls in the same way.
'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum', associated with plants in the family Solanaceae (2009)

A liberibacter (isolate NZ082226) was detected in a symptomatic tomato plant and subsequently in five other members of the family Solanaceae: capsicum, potato, tamarillo, cape gooseberry and chilli. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the deduced amino acid sequence of the rplJ gene and a partial nucleotide sequence of the beta operon indicated that isolate NZ082226 represents a novel candidate species of 'Candidatus Liberibacter', for which the name 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' is proposed.
Effect of pre-exercise protein ingestion upon VO2, R and perceived exertion during treadmill running. (1991)

The study investigated the effect of pre-exercise protein ingestion upon the oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (R) and perceived exertion (PE) of athletes during treadmill running at intensities of approximately 60, 80, 90 and 100% of their VO2max. Seventeen female athletes aged between 17 and 22 years participated in the study. Subjects completed six assessment sessions, each being preceded by one of the following dietary regimens: a protein solution ingested 3h before assessment (P3), a protein solution ingested 1 h before assessment (P1) and the ingestion of water 1-3 h before assessment (B). The subjects' VO2, R and PE were measured at all exercise intensities using standardized procedures. The results showed that P1 produced significantly higher values for VO2 (P less than 0.05) at all exercise intensities and was associated with an increased PE (P less than 0.01). The findings could have implications for athletes when considering the composition of their pre-exercise meal, especially if performing in activities which require the participants to exercise close to or at their VO2max.
Selective Classification for Deep Neural Networks (2017)

Selective classification techniques (also known as reject option) have not yet been considered in the context of deep neural networks (DNNs). These techniques can potentially significantly improve DNNs prediction performance by trading-off coverage. In this paper we propose a method to construct a selective classifier given a trained neural network. Our method allows a user to set a desired risk level. At test time, the classifier rejects instances as needed, to grant the desired risk (with high probability). Empirical results over CIFAR and ImageNet convincingly demonstrate the viability of our method, which opens up possibilities to operate DNNs in mission-critical applications. For example, using our method an unprecedented 2% error in top-5 ImageNet classification can be guaranteed with probability 99.9%, and almost 60% test coverage.