gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Function and Control of Recombination‐Activating Gene Activity<sup>a</sup> (1992)

The RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes synergistically confer VDJ recombinase activity to nonlymphoid cell lines. To unequivocally test RAG gene function, we created lines of mice that lack functional copies of these genes. Consistent with the possibility that RAG gene encode the tissue-specific components of VDJ recombinase, RAG-2-deficient mice are viable but have a severe combined immune deficiency due to inability to initiate VDJ recombination and thereby generate mature lymphocytes. RAG-2-deficient mice have no obvious defect in any tissue or lineage other than lymphocytes, indicating that VDJ recombinase activity and RAG-2-gene function is required only for lymphocyte development. Levels of RAG-1 and RAG-2 expression in primary murine lymphoid tissues and lymphoid bone marrow cultures generally are much higher than those of transformed precursor B-cell lines. Low-level RAG gene expression in permanent cell lines results from a decline during propagation due to outgrowth of cells with lower RAG expression levels. The low and variable level of RAG gene expression in transformed pre-B cell lines correlates with low and variable rates of endogenous VDJ recombination; therefore, such lines are not reliable models for experiments aimed at studying mechanisms that target this activity to particular variable region gene segments. To generate such a system, we introduced RAG genes into B-lineage lines under the control of a heat shock-inducible promoter; heat-shock treatment induces extremely high-level but transient RAG expression accompanied by parallel induction of VDJ recombinase activity. Such cells efficiently rearrange transfected VDJ recombination substrates in a regulated manner that is dependent on the activity of transcriptional control elements associated with the target V gene segments.
Study of Anthocyanin Adsorption by Yeast Lees. Effect of Some Physicochemical Parameters (1997)

In order to replace charcoal as an agent for reducing color in colored musts and wines, the capacity of yeast lees to bind anthocyanins was investigated in a model system. The effect of yeast lees on anthocyanin adsorption depends on the chemical structure of anthocyanins and is sensitive to physicochemical param- eters such as ethanol concentration, temperature, pH, and SO<sub>2</sub> concentration.
Immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma: where are we now? (2013)

Immunotherapy with cytokines was the first effective treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Long-term responders and complete remissions were observed, but efficacy in the overall population was limited with the consequence that targeted agents replaced cytokines. The discovery of tumor associated antigens as direct targets paved the way from theses rather unspecific to specific immunotherapeutic strategies, which are discussed in this review. Autologous or dendritic cell (DC) based tumor vaccination with vitespen or AGS-003, adoptive T-cell transfer and synthetic peptide vaccination with IMA901 are new and promising approaches. Besides that the more passive strategies of antibody dependent cytotoxicity with the VEGF antibody bevacizumab or the carbonic anhydrase IX antibody girentuximab are discussed. Immunomodulation by cyclophosphamide, tyrosine kinase inhibitors or nivolumab, which targets the PD-1 axis, further promote T-cell activation and combinatory strategies with these agents are outlined.
Prestack wave-equation depth migration in VTI media (2005)

Wave-equation prestack depth migration (PSDM) naturally handles multi-arrivals, is not limited by the high frequency assumption of Kirchhoff-based PSDM and can, therefore, produce higher quality images in areas of complex geology. In addition, it has been shown that anisotropy, commonly encountered in petroleum exploration, affects image focusing and positioning. Therefore incorporating anisotropy in wave equation PSDM will produce a superior image!
E-learning architecture: challenges and mapping of individuals in an internet-based pedagogical interface (2004)

Internet technology enables precise and provocative mapping of information to individuals and is a means by which people can change or be changed by ideas presented digitally. As businesses grapple with the challenge of training employees using a variety of techniques and technologies, many are investing in e-learning systems to track, evaluate and manage company-wide training initiatives. This paper examines the architectural structure of e-learning. The essential technological integration of communication and learning in improving employee basic skills are discussed. The model presented here provides a benchmark to deliver performance-oriented, cost-effective training to individual consumers and small businesses, as well as corporate customers.
Simulation of the Error Rate Performance of MR Heads with Tracking Servo (1998)

The error rate performance of MR heads with tracking servo was investigated. The bathtub curves and the position error signal (PES) were computed by using the cross-track profile estimated by micromagnetic calculation. As the read-track width becomes smaller, the linearity of the PES becomes worse and the off-track tolerance from bathtub curves increases. Consequently, the error rate performance with tracking servo increases. As the track pitch becomes smaller, both the linearity of the PES and the error rate improve.
[Establishment of a detection method for hepatitis B virus large surface protein (HBV-lP)]. (2013)

Established ELISA for determination of serum HBV-LP has high sensitivity and repeatability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;
An FPGA implementation of AES with fault analysis countermeasures (2009)

Fault analysis attacks are powerful cryptanalytic tools that are applicable to many types of cryptosystems. Inducing multiple transient faults and observing the output of the faulty cryptographic device may allow the attacker to collect sufficient information for extracting secret keys and even using the device after breaking the cipher. In this paper, we investigate several options for fault analysis resistant FPGA implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which has become the default choice for various security services in many applications since its adaption as a new encryption standard by NIST. In particular, we compare the throughput and area overheads associated with parity based error detection and (algorithm level, round level and operation level) redundancy based countermeasures. Our comparison also include implementations that already employ some additional countermeasures against power analysis attacks.
Langmuir probe potential measurements in the plasma and their correlation with mass spectral characteristics in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (1987)

A floating Langmuir probe is used to measure the apparent d.c. potential in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) while the latter is used as an ion source for mass spectrometry (MS). The probe is swung through the plasma to provide potential measurements with some spatial resolution and to obviate cooling of the probe. The d.c. potential in the centre of the plasma is influenced by the presence of the metal sampling cone in the plasma and also by the gas flow through the orifice. In general, the potential correlates with the characteristics of the mass spectra; these parameters depend in a sensitive fashion upon the manner by which the load coil is grounded and shielded. For the load coil geometries investigated in this study, the potential and ion energies generally increase with aerosol gas flow-rate and decrease as power increases. As potential increases the abundance of doubly charged ions generally increases, ArO+/Co+ and Ar2+/Co+ decrease and CeO+ decreases slightly. The measured potential in front of the sampling orifice is generally a few volts below the mean ion energy, which indicates that both measurements are reasonable approximations to the actual d.c. plasma potential.
Momentum in Australian Stock Returns (2003)

Medium-term momentum, or the tendency of investment strategies based on buying past winning stocks while selling past losing stocks to maintain above normal performance over a period, has been a well-documented feature of stock returns in the US. We investigate the performance of momentum investment strategies in portfolios of Australian stocks and examine some of the common explanations and empirical features of momentum. The paper establishes the presence of a strong medium-term momentum effect, which cannot be completely accounted for by any of the possible explanations considered in this paper.
A random particle blob method for the Keller-Segel equation and convergence analysis (2015)

In this paper, we introduce a random particle blob method for the Keller-Segel equation (with dimension $d\geq 2$) and establish a rigorous convergence analysis.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I Controls Prostate Fibromuscular Development: IGF-I Inhibition Prevents Both Fibromuscular and Glandular Development in Eugonadal Mice (2006)

Although antiandrogen therapy has been shown effective in treating prostatic tumors, it is relatively ineffective in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In an attempt to understand better the role of androgens in the development of the normal prostate and BPH, we studied the relative effects of testosterone and IGF-I on the development of the two compartments of the prostate in castrated IGF-I((-/-)) male mice. Here we report that IGF-I stimulated the development of the fibromuscular compartment, but testosterone inhibited it (stromal epithelial ratio 2.17 vs. 0.83, respectively; P < 0.001). Testosterone also impaired IGF-I induced insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation and cell division, and increased apoptosis in fibromuscular tissue. In sharp contrast IGF-I and testosterone both stimulated the development of the glandular compartment individually and together. The combined effects were either additive or synergistic on compartment size, cell division, insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation, and probasin production. Together they also had a greater inhibitory effect on apoptosis in gland tissue. To determine whether IGF-I inhibition would inhibit both fibromuscular and glandular compartments, we tested the effect of IGF binding protein-1 on prostate development in two different models: castrated Ames dwarf mice and eugonadal normal male mice. IGF binding protein-1 blocked bovine GH-induced fibromuscular and glandular development in both. It also inhibited epithelial cell division and increased apoptosis in both prostate compartments in the eugonadal mice. The observed discordance between IGF-I and testosterone control of prostate compartment development might explain the relative failure of 5alpha-reductase inhibition in BPH and why testosterone inhibition might theoretically reduce gland volume but increase fibromuscular tissue. The work also provides a rationale for considering IGF-I inhibition as therapy for BPH to reduce the size of both prostate compartments.
Improved Richman-Atkins syntheses of cyclic polyamines particularly 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane (tacn) and 1,4,7-Triazacyclodecane (tacd), with the aid of cation-exchange in purification and isolation (1984)

Richman-Atkins cyclization syntheses for the cyclic triamines 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (tacn) and 1,4,7-triazacyclodecane (tacd) with the alternative possible sets of reagents as tosyl derivatives have been examined in detail and compared. The cyclizations from the tritosyl derivative of diethylenetriamine (dientt) and the appropriate diols as ditosylates proceeded relatively cleanly, although there were small amounts of higher products and some carry through of dientt for tacn. The alternative cyclizations, from 2,2'-(tosy1imino)bisethyl ditosylate and a ditosyl diamine, gave little reaction to form tacn as the tritosyl derivative. The reaction to form tritosyl tacd proceeded further, but was accompanied by significant formation of higher condensation products, particularly the hexamines 1,4,7,11,14,17-hexaazacycloeicosane (2 : 2 cyclic dimer) and 3,7,10,13-tetraazahexade- cane-1,16-diamine. A cation-exchange procedure, applied after the detosylation stage, is described for obtaining the required pure 1 : 1 cyclic polyamines as their hydrochloride salts with high recovery. This is an effective method for removing higher co-products. These may be recovered, and by this means the above hexamines were isolated in admixture.
Thermal Expansion Properties of Lanthanum‐Substituted Lead Titanate Ceramics (2005)

The Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 powders were prepared by a sol–gel route in the composition range from x =0.0 to 0.3 in 0.05 increments. The lattice parameters of Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 ( x =0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30) were determined by a high temperature X‐ray diffraction, and the intrinsic thermal expansion coefficients were obtained in the temperature range from room temperature to 900°C. The Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 compounds ( x =0.10, 0.15, 0.20) in the tetragonal system exhibit low thermal expansion behaviors. As the La content is increased, the phase transition in the Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 changes continuously from conventional to diffuse phase transition.
Chemical Forms Assumed by C14 Produced by Neutron Irradiation of Nitrogenous Substances (1946)

The nature of the radioactive compounds formed in the production of C14 by neutron irradiation of nitrogen-containing material of various types has been investigated. Of the radioactive compounds sought, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were found in all samples which contained oxygen, either in the parent compound or in the solvent water. Formic acid and methanol were found only in water solutions. Hydrogen cyanide, on the other hand, was found in no solution, but was found in all the pure substance samples except ammonium nitrate and aniline. Methane was found only in those hydrogenous substances containing no oxygen. Formaldehyde was never found. An attempt is made to interpret the results in terms of the processes in which the C14 atoms must be involved in the dissipation of the recoil energy associated with their formation. The fact that several compounds are produced in radioactive form in the original irradiation eliminates the necessity for the synthesis from radioactive carbon dioxide of these compounds for use in tracer work. A simplified method for the preparation of C14 is suggested.
Development of Megasonic cleaning for silicon wafers (1979)

The Megasonic cleaning system was integrated and debugged. The system consists of the Megasonic cleaning sink, a rinse station, an air dryer, and an inspection station equipped with a laser scanner for the detection of light-scattering centers on a wafer. The recirculation-filtration system is operating satisfactorily. The preliminary data on wafer cleaning and rinsing indicate that the design criteria of cleaning ability, chemicals usage, ease of operation, and safety have been largely met. Further work on production rate is needed. The air dryer has been demonstrated to function. Its true throughput can be evaluated only when the belt drive has been installed. The long delivery time will cause some delay in moving the system to the RCA Mountaintop location for production evaluation.
Microarray-Based Analysis of Microbial Community RNAs by Whole-Community RNA Amplification (2006)

A new approach, termed whole-community RNA amplification (WCRA), was developed to provide sufficient amounts of mRNAs from environmental samples for microarray analysis. This method employs fusion primers (six to nine random nucleotides with an attached T7 promoter) for the first-strand synthesis. The shortest primer (T7N6S) gave the best results in terms of the yield and representativeness of amplification. About 1,200- to 1,800-fold amplification was obtained with amounts of the RNA templates ranging from 10 to 100 ng, and very representative detection was obtained with 50 to 100 ng total RNA. Evaluation with a Shewanella oneidensis Deltafur strain revealed that the amplification method which we developed could preserve the original abundance relationships of mRNAs. In addition, to determine whether representative detection of RNAs can be achieved with mixed community samples, amplification biases were evaluated with a mixture containing equal quantities of RNAs (100 ng each) from four bacterial species, and representative amplification was also obtained. Finally, the method which we developed was applied to the active microbial populations in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor used for denitrification of contaminated groundwater and ethanol-stimulated groundwater samples for uranium reduction. The genes expressed were consistent with the expected functions of the bioreactor and groundwater system, suggesting that this approach is useful for analyzing the functional activities of microbial communities. This is one of the first demonstrations that microarray-based technology can be used to successfully detect the activities of microbial communities from real environmental samples in a high-throughput fashion.
The Cracked Cookie Jar: HTTP Cookie Hijacking and the Exposure of Private Information (2016)

The widespread demand for online privacy, also fueled by widely-publicized demonstrations of session hijacking attacks against popular websites, has spearheaded the increasing deployment of HTTPS. However, many websites still avoid ubiquitous encryption due to performance or compatibility issues. The prevailing approach in these cases is to force critical functionality and sensitive data access over encrypted connections, while allowing more innocuous functionality to be accessed over HTTP. In practice, this approach is prone to flaws that can expose sensitive information or functionality to third parties. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth assessment of a diverse set of major websites and explore what functionality and information is exposed to attackers that have hijacked a user's HTTP cookies. We identify a recurring pattern across websites with partially deployed HTTPS, service personalization inadvertently results in the exposure of private information. The separation of functionality across multiple cookies with different scopes and inter-dependencies further complicates matters, as imprecise access control renders restricted account functionality accessible to non-session cookies. Our cookie hijacking study reveals a number of severe flaws, attackers can obtain the user's home and work address and visited websites from Google, Bing and Baidu expose the user's complete search history, and Yahoo allows attackers to extract the contact list and send emails from the user's account. Furthermore, e-commerce vendors such as Amazon and Ebay expose the user's purchase history (partial and full respectively), and almost every website exposes the user's name and email address. Ad networks like Doubleclick can also reveal pages the user has visited. To fully evaluate the practicality and extent of cookie hijacking, we explore multiple aspects of the online ecosystem, including mobile apps, browser security mechanisms, extensions and search bars. To estimate the extent of the threat, we run IRB-approved measurements on a subset of our university's public wireless network for 30 days, and detect over 282K accounts exposing the cookies required for our hijacking attacks. We also explore how users can protect themselves and find that, while mechanisms such as the EFF's HTTPS Everywhere extension can reduce the attack surface, HTTP cookies are still regularly exposed. The privacy implications of these attacks become even more alarming when considering how they can be used to deanonymize Tor users. Our measurements suggest that a significant portion of Tor users may currently be vulnerable to cookie hijacking.
Tetra‐<i>p</i>‐tolylporphyrin with an Inverted Pyrrole Ring: A Novel Isomer of Porphyrin (1994)

Exchange of a β-methine unit for an N atom of a pyrrole ring of a porphyrin leads to a new type of porphyrin isomer, which is formed by condensation of pyrrole and P-tolylaldehyde. NiII ions are surprisingly coordinated by 1 as tetradentate ligand, that is through the three N atoms and the C atom of the inner cycle. The framework of the green metalloporhyrin is planar.
Lecture Notes in Quantum Mechanics (2006)

These lecture notes cover undergraduate textbook topics (e.g. as in Sakurai), and also additional advanced topics at the same level of presentation. In particular: EPR and Bell; Basic postulates; The probability matrix; Measurement theory; Entanglement; Quantum computation; Wigner-Weyl formalism; The adiabatic picture; Berry phase; Linear response theory; Kubo formula; Modern approach to scattering theory with mesoscopic orientation; Theory of the resolvent and the Green function; Gauge and Galilei Symmetries; Motion in magnetic field; Quantum Hall effect; Quantization of the electromagnetic field; Fock space formalism.
Strategies of project management for translational medicine (2014)

This paper discusses project management of translational medicine in several important aspects:scientific planning,platform constructing,team building,process management,technology transfer,protection of intellectual property rights,supervision on ethics,and project funding system of the institutions.

Key words: 
Translational medicine;  Project management;  Research management
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Telepointers (2001)

This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for telepointers using the Real Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. A telepointer creates a common point of reference in distributed (i.e., multi-user) applications by visualizing mouse movements of remote session participants. Telepointers are used in conjunction with other distributed interactive media such as shared whiteboards and distributed virtual environments. This document specifies how to employ two-dimensional telepointers with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for telepointer operations. This protocol definition allows standardized collaboration between different telepointer implementations.
Some factors involved in the preparation of uniform particle size latexes (1956)

Abstract Some factors involved in the preparation of monodisperse polymer latexes by seeded emulsion polymerization are discussed. In this technique monomer and catalyst are added to a previously prepared latex; during the subsequent polymerization these seed particles grow to a larger size. A mathematical analysis has been developed relating the particle volume increase to particle size as a power function. Competitive particle growth has been determined experimentally by polymerizing monomer in a seed latex comprised of a mixture of two monodisperse latexes of different sizes. In these experiments the diameters of the smaller particles increase at a slightly greater rate than those of the larger ones. Therefore the final particle size distribution is narrower than that of the seed latex. In these growth experiments the concentration of emulsifier is also important. An illustrative example shows that excessive emulsifier initiates new particles and insufficient emulsifier causes coagulum.
ANGIOID STREAKS (2018)

This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of angioid streaks, presenting the existing literature on this topic.