gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of simultaneously measured pressure and sandface flow rate in transient well testing (1983)

The study of well-bore storage (afterflow) in transient well testing stems from 3 main motivations: (1) the identification of the well-bore (internal boundary) geometry; (2) the definition of a proper straight line on the Horner or modified Horner plots; and (3) the analysis of early-time (short time) data to obtain quantitative information about the formation. The type-curve approach has been used to obtain answers to these 3 problems. The fundamental concepts connected to the type-curve approach are (1) well-bore fluid compressibility (well-bore storage) stays constant during the test, and (2) the sandface flow rate is calculated implicitly from well-bore pressure data alone. This study analyzes early-time data to identify the system which is under testing, and to obtain the system parameters from simultaneously measured sandface flow rate and pressure data. 19 references.
ECN or Delay (2016)

Data center networks, and especially drop-free RoCEv2 networks require efficient congestion control protocols. DCQCN (ECN-based) and TIMELY (delay-based) are two recent proposals for this purpose. In this paper, we analyze DCQCN and TIMELY using fluid models and simulations, for stability, convergence, fairness and flow completion time. We uncover several surprising behaviors of these protocols. For example, we show that DCQCN exhibits non-monotonic stability behavior, and that TIMELY can converge to stable regime with arbitrary unfairness. We propose simple fixes and tuning for ensuring that both protocols converge to and are stable at the fair share point. Finally, using lessons learnt from the analysis, we address the broader question: are there fundamental reasons to prefer either ECN or delay for end-to-end congestion control in data center networks? We argue that ECN is a better congestion signal, due to the way modern switches mark packets, and due to a fundamental limitation of end-to-end delay-based protocols, that we derive.
<title>Integration of a microlens on a micro XY-stage</title> (1999)

The precise position control of an optic element is a quite important technology and thus has many applications in modern optic system. This paper describes the optic system composed of a micro lens and positioning actuator. Two types of the micro Fresnel lens and the micro spherical lens are fabricated by using UV-lithography and reactive ion etching (RIE). The monolithic spherical lens is fabricated through the photo-thermal technique of photoresist. 3 mm-focal length with 246 micrometers -diameter Fresnel lens and 31 micrometers - focal length with 50 micrometers -diameter spherical lens are fabricated. The XY-stage is proposed as a control actuator, which is a 2-degree of freedom-stage structure with a pari of perpendicularly combined comb drive. The travel range of the micro XY-stage is measured 48 micrometers in each X and Y direction. The mechanical interference between X- and Y-axis is negligible. Integration process of these two parts is based on the concept of in-situ process using anodic bonding. This device is expected to be applicable for the fields of optical pickup, light beam aligning and optical signal sensing.
Integral points on elliptic curves over number fields (1997)

In recent years there has been an interest in using elliptic logarithms to find integral points on elliptic curves defined over the rationals, see [ 23 ], [ 17 ], [ 6 ] and [ 12 ]. This has been partly due to work of David [ 5 ], who gave an explicit lower bound for linear forms in elliptic logarithms. Previously, integral points on elliptic curves had been found by Siegel's method; that is, a reduction to a set of Thue equations which could be solved, in principle, by the methods in [ 19 ]. For examples of this method see [ 3 ], [ 7 ], [ 16 ], [ 18 ], [ 21 ], [ 22 ] and [ 8 ]. Other techniques can be used to find all integral points in some special cases, see, for instance, [ 14 ].
Reclamation and groundwater restoration in the uranium milling industry: An assessment of UMTRCA, title II (1995)

In choosing the case studies the seven state-regulated mills were not considered because of a lack of easy access to regulatory reports." Uranium mines were both open pit and underground, depending on the depth of the ore deposit.In Wyoming large open pit uranium mines were typical.Whereas, about 70% of New Mexico's uranium production came from underground mines.With some exceptions, such as radon emissions from underground uranium mines, there is no federal law governing reclamation of uranium mines.Uranium mine reclamation is primarily a state responsibility.See John D. Collins, Uranium Mine and Mill Tailings Reclamation in Wyoming-
Scanning Probe Lithography on Fluid Lipid Membranes (2004)

Scanning probe lithography (SPL) is applied to pattern fluid lipid membranes on a solid borosilicate substrate. Grids of metal lines, prepatterned onto the substrate by electron beam lithography, serve to partition the supported membrane into an array of isolated fluid pixels. By toggling the pH of the surrounding solution, the effect of the probe tip on the membrane can be regulated. Alkaline conditions favor membrane removal, while neutral pH favors membrane deposition. Arbitrary membrane patterns with spatial dimensions limited by the underlying grid size can be constructed by sequential SPL membrane removal followed by refill with a different membrane type. In the present study, bilayers of unique composition fill 1 x 1 mum corrals and were positioned 100 nm apart.
Effective occlusion culling for the interactive display of arbitrary models (1998)

As an advanced form of visibility culling, occlusion culling detects hidden objects and prevents them from being rendered. An occlusion-culling algorithm that can effectively accelerate interactive graphics must simultaneously satisfy the following criteria: # Generality. It should be applicable to arbitrary models, not limited to architectural models or models with many large, polygonal occluders. # Significant Speed-up. It should not only be able to cull away large portions of a model, but do so fast enough to accelerate rendering. # Portability and Ease of Implementation. It should contain as few assumptions as possible on special hardware support. It must also be robust (i.e. insensitive to floating-point errors). Based on proper problem decomposition and efficient representations of cumulative occlusion, this dissertation presents algorithms that sa...
Antibacterial Surface Coatings from Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in Poly(<i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel Surface Layers (2012)

Abstract Despite multiple research approaches to prevent bacterial colonization on surfaces, device‐associated infections are currently responsible for about 50% of nosocomial infections in Europe and significantly increase health care costs, which demands development of advanced antibacterial surface coatings. Here, novel antimicrobial composite materials incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) into biocompatible poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel layers are prepared by mixing the PNIPAAm prepolymer with ZnO NP, followed by spin‐coating and photocrosslinking. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization of the composite film morphology reveals a homogeneous distribution of the ZnO NP throughout the film for every applied NP/polymer ratio. The optical properties of the embedded NP are not affected by the matrix as confirmed by UV‐vis spectroscopy. The nanocomposite films exhibit bactericidal behavior towards Escherichia coli (E. coli) for a ZnO concentration as low as ≈0.74 μg cm −2 (1.33 mmol cm −3 ), which is determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. In contrast, the coatings are found to be non‐cytotoxic towards a mammalian cell line (NIH/3T3) at bactericidal loadings of ZnO over an extended period of seven days. The differential toxicity of the ZnO/hydrogel nanocomposite thin films between bacterial and cellular species qualifies them as promising candidates for novel biomedical device coatings.
Video monitoring system framework for video on demand (1995)

This paper describes an experimental approach to a video monitoring system. Video monitoring is specifically intended for ensuring delivery of quality video to subscribers by video-on-demand systems, and is installed either at the local switching office or at the video servers. A framework for the monitoring system is provided. We discuss the constraints and present the results of some of our prototype development.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Seedless, Surfactantless, High-Yield Synthesis of Branched Gold Nanocrystals in HEPES Buffer Solution (2007)

In this work, three-dimensional branched gold nanocrystals were produced at high yield by reacting an aqueous solution of chloroauric acid with a Good's buffer, HEPES, at room temperature. This particular method of preparation was scalable to gram-quantity. The branched nanocrystals containing one to eight tips were stable at room temperature and could be stored as a powder after freeze-drying. They were, however, unstable at higher temperatures and transformed into spherical particles upon boiling. The formation of the branched gold nanocrystals was kinetically controlled, as shown by the dependence of shapes on temperature and precursor salt concentration. The growth of branched gold nanocrystals in the HEPES buffer was monitored by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, allowing the detection of several key intermediates in the growth process. Piperazine in HEPES molecule was identified as the principal moiety responsible for forming highly branched Au nanocrystals in the HEPES buffer.
The Electrochemical Behavior of Graphite Fiber‐Epoxy Composite Electrodes Containing Varying Fiber Orientations (1988)

The electrochemical behavior of carbon fiber epoxy matrix electrodes has been tested. A simple outer‐sphere redox couple was used as the test reaction. The results indicate no dependence on fiber orientation (random, parallel, or perpendicular). Rate constants are not significantly different from those observed for the same reaction on Pt electrodes, indicating that the catalytic activity plays little or no role in determining the kinetics of this reaction. Chronoamperometric measurements at short times, in the millisecond range, reveal the unique features of composite electrodes as ensembles of microelectrodes.
Effect of Relative Humidity on Electrically Stimulated Filter Performance (1987)

Abstract This work investigates the effect of relative humidity (RH) on the performance of three electrically stimulated filter designs, with and without prechargers. Two different filter media were used: cellulose paper (relatively conductive) and fiberglass paper (relatively nonconductive). Designs with electrodes contacting either of the two filter media are shown to draw currents, exponentially increasing with RH. In contrast, a noncontacting, air gap, electrode design has been shown to be significantly less sensitive to RH. Further, the air gap or noncontacting electrode behaves differently than insulated electrodes. The noncontacting electrode does not exhibit the polarizing or field cancelling effect of insulated (coated) electrodes. This is probably due to a small but finite amount of ionization at the sharp electrode perforations.
Gesture coder (2012)

Multi-touch gestures have become popular on a wide range of touchscreen devices, but the programming of these gestures remains an art. It is time-consuming and error-prone for a developer to handle the complicated touch state transitions that result from multiple fingers and their simultaneous movements. In this paper, we present Gesture Coder, which by learning from a few examples given by the developer automatically generates code that recognizes multi-touch gestures, tracks their state changes and invokes corresponding application actions. Developers can easily test the generated code in Gesture Coder, refine it by adding more examples, and once they are satisfied with its performance integrate the code into their applications. We evaluated our learning algorithm exhaustively with various conditions over a large set of noisy data. Our results show that it is sufficient for rapid prototyping and can be improved with higher quality and more training data. We also evaluated Gesture Coder's usability through a within-subject study in which we asked participants to implement a set of multi-touch interactions with and without Gesture Coder. The results show overwhelmingly that Gesture Coder significantly lowers the threshold of programming multi-touch gestures.
Coming of Age in Fiji (2009)

If you're a fan of our profiles, you've probably noticed a pattern: Early on, they mention degrees earned from vaunted institutions and then describe illustrious steps on the road to the top. The subject's grade school days, by contrast, tend to evoke skirmishes with acne and squeaky-voiced humiliations. So when Associate Editor Sandra Upson visited Arieta Gonelevu in Fiji for this year's Dream Jobs report, she wasn't expecting to end up at the energy specialist's rather epic high school reunion.
SMS notifications for missed calls expanding mobility for TDM environments (2014)

Users expect more mobility options for the services they use, including their corporate extension. For organizations who own PBXs, there can be financial barriers to adoption of services to support extension mobility. There are solutions to provide greater support with little to no cost. This article lists the steps that were taken to send missed call notifications via SMS when a user missed a call on a desk phone. This system infers the user's context as out of office when they miss a call, and quickly alerts them with relevant details such as time, calling number, called number, and even attempts the find the calling user. In doing so, the system attempts to provide greater mobility to end users than calling into a remote voicemail system to occasional check for messages, without even knowing if they missed a call to have a message. Index Terms-missed call, SMS, CDR
Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Subjects With Erectile Dysfunction (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Male and Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction; Andrology1 Aug 2005Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Subjects With Erectile Dysfunction Allen D. SeftelM.D. Allen D. SeftelAllen D. Seftel More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)68348-4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Subjects With Erectile Dysfunction." The Journal of Urology, 174(2), p. 656 © 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 174Issue 2August 2005Page: 656 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Allen D. Seftel More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Irinotecan in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Overview (2001)

In this review, the clinical rationale and update of the present clinical status of irinotecan in the treatment of colorectal cancer and future prospects of irinotecan-based combinations are discussed.
Self-Immolative Anthracycline Prodrugs for Suicide Gene Therapy (1999)

Four novel potential prodrugs derived from daunorubicin (8, 10) and doxorubicin (12, 14) were designed and synthesized. They are self-immolative prodrugs for suicide gene therapy activation by the enzyme carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) subsequently releasing the corresponding anthracyclines, by a 1,6-elimination mechanism. A mammary carcinoma cell line (MDA MB 361) was engineered to express CPG2 intracellularly (CPG2) or extracellularly, tethered to the outer cell membrane (stCPG2(Q)3). The prodrugs derived from doxorubicin showed prodrug/drug cytotoxicity differentials of 21-fold (compound 12) and 23-fold (compound 14). Prodrug 12 underwent an 11-fold activation when assayed in the cell line expressing externally surface-tethered CPG2.
Identifying and Quantifying Heterogeneity in High Content Analysis: Application of Heterogeneity Indices to Drug Discovery (2014)

One of the greatest challenges in biomedical research, drug discovery and diagnostics is understanding how seemingly identical cells can respond differently to perturbagens including drugs for disease treatment. Although heterogeneity has become an accepted characteristic of a population of cells, in drug discovery it is not routinely evaluated or reported. The standard practice for cell-based, high content assays has been to assume a normal distribution and to report a well-to-well average value with a standard deviation. To address this important issue we sought to define a method that could be readily implemented to identify, quantify and characterize heterogeneity in cellular and small organism assays to guide decisions during drug discovery and experimental cell/tissue profiling. Our study revealed that heterogeneity can be effectively identified and quantified with three indices that indicate diversity, non-normality and percent outliers. The indices were evaluated using the induction and inhibition of STAT3 activation in five cell lines where the systems response including sample preparation and instrument performance were well characterized and controlled. These heterogeneity indices provide a standardized method that can easily be integrated into small and large scale screening or profiling projects to guide interpretation of the biology, as well as the development of therapeutics and diagnostics. Understanding the heterogeneity in the response to perturbagens will become a critical factor in designing strategies for the development of therapeutics including targeted polypharmacology.
Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer (2018)

The pathophysiology of cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) is important for practitioners to understand to treat patients accordingly. The correlation between HPV and cervical cancer is a significant concept to learn and teach patients as it is different than other disease processes because HPV is a virus that causes cervical cancer. By using ten references information was gathered to support this presentation. Up to date research from government agencies and scholarly resources was used from the last four years. Research was used to retrieve similar information supporting the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and implications of nursing care for patients with HPV and cervical cancer. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or dysplasia is also included to further explain the progression of the disease. Conclusive evidence was discovered pertaining to prevention of HPV to avoid the progression to cervical cancer. Practitioners, patients and families alike can use this gathered research to better understand this disease process.
Flux considerations in the coupling of Monte Carlo plasma sheath simulations with feature evolution models (1992)

The evolution of two features, a 2-d trench and a circular via exposed to a 3-v ion flux is calculated. The surface flux is calculated using the particle distribution function, obtained from a Monte Carlo sheath simulation. While Monte Carlo sheath simulations are 1-d/2-v (axisymmetric), shadowing on a substrate surface due to topography breaks the axisymmetry and necessitates a 2-d/3-v surface flux calculation. The authors show a methodology for the flux calculation in long trenches and circular vias which adds very little to computational expense over that incurred for a 2-d/2-v flux calculation. Comparison between the trench and the via shows that, as expected, the geometry of a via blocks out more ion trajectories than that of a trench leading to a smaller etch rate in a via. If the flux is calculated in 2-d/2-v phase space, the resulting feature shape is shown to be an artifact of the calculation method. It is also shown that the angular distribution of the particle as well as energy fluxes and the resulting shape of the feature are largely insensitive to the electric field profile assumed for a given sheath voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spin‐Coatable Inorganic Resists Based on Novel Peroxopolyniobotungstic Acids for Bilayer Lithography (1987)

New peroxopolyacids based on tungsten and niobium (Nb‐HPA) were synthesized and investigated as negative inorganic resist materials for microlithography. Amorphous and microstructure‐free thin films, obtained from their water‐based solution using a conventional spin‐coating technique, exhibited sensitivity to deep UV (, Xe‐Hg lamp), E‐beam (10 μC/cm2, 30 kV) and x‐ray (120 mJ/cm2, Mo L). The resistivity of Nb‐HPA film was found to be 50 times greater than that of polyimide resin (PIQ resin). Patterns as fine as 0.2 μm with an aspect ratio of 7.5 were successfully fabricated through the E‐beam bilayer process in which the bottom layer was PIQ (1.5 μm thickness) and the top, Nb‐HPA (0.1 μm).
Quantitative single-cell fluorescence imaging of indicator dyes (1993)

The use of fluorescent molecular probes in combination with quantitative optical microscopy has burgeoned in the past few years due to dramatic advances in both fluorophore design and imaging instrumentation. A number of probes that exhibit fluorescence spectral shifts with ligand binding have been synthesized. Among them is fura-2, which has a high binding affinity for calcium ion and which shows an excitation spectral shift between the calcium-bound and calcium-unbound states. This talk will focus on fura-2-loaded arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) stimulated to produce temporally and spatially dynamic changes in free cytosolic calcium ion concentration ([Ca 2 +] i ) as measured by a charge-coupled device imaging system. Intracellular Ca 2+ is known to play a critical role in the regulation of the contractile state of vascular SMCs. A variety of extracellular agonists have been shown to stimulate transient [Ca 2+ ] i elevation in vascular SMCs; among them are nucleotides that activate specific cell surface receptors.
Phase Synchrony among Neuronal Oscillations in the Human Cortex (2005)

Synchronization of neuronal activity, often associated with network oscillations, is thought to provide a means for integrating anatomically distributed processing in the brain. Neuronal processing, however, involves simultaneous oscillations in various frequency bands. The mechanisms involved in the integration of such spectrally distributed processing have remained enigmatic. We demonstrate, using magnetoencephalography, that robust cross-frequency phase synchrony is present in the human cortex among oscillations with frequencies from 3 to 80 Hz. Continuous mental arithmetic tasks demanding the retention and summation of items in the working memory enhanced the cross-frequency phase synchrony among alpha (approximately 10 Hz), beta (approximately 20 Hz), and gamma (approximately 30-40 Hz) oscillations. These tasks also enhanced the "classical" within-frequency synchrony in these frequency bands, but the spatial patterns of alpha, beta, and gamma synchronies were distinct and, furthermore, separate from the patterns of cross-frequency phase synchrony. Interestingly, an increase in task load resulted in an enhancement of phase synchrony that was most prominent between gamma- and alpha-band oscillations. These data indicate that cross-frequency phase synchrony is a salient characteristic of ongoing activity in the human cortex and that it is modulated by cognitive task demands. The enhancement of cross-frequency phase synchrony among functionally and spatially distinct networks during mental arithmetic tasks posits it as a candidate mechanism for the integration of spectrally distributed processing.