gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Room-temperature synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub>nanospheres and their solar driven photoelectrochemical hydrogen production (2015)

Highly monodisperse and crystalline anatase phase TiO2 nanospheres have been synthesized at room temperature from organometallic precursor, titanocene dichloride and sodium azide. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting performance on the TiO2 nanospheres was studied under illumination of AM 1.5G. The optimized photocurrent density and photoconversion efficiency of TiO2 NSPs were observed ~0.95 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V and 0.69%, respectively. The transient photocurrent response measurements on the TiO2 NSPs during repeated ON/OFF visible light illumination cycles at 1.23 V vs RHE show that both samples exhibited fast and reproducible photocurrent responses. The TiO2 NSPs show excellent catalytic stability, and significant dark current was not observed even at high potentials (2.0 V vs RHE). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence for hemiacetal formation between N-acyl-L-phenylalaninals and .alpha.-chymotrypsin by cross-saturation nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1979)

N-Acetyl-L-phenylalaninal exists predominantly in its hydrated form in aqueous solution, but the aldehyde and not the hydrate is shown by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to be the effective inhibitor of alpha-chymotrypsin. NMR spectroscopy also indicates that the initial alpha-chymotrypsin-N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninal complex is in equilibrium with a hemiacetal formed between the aldehyde and the active site serine residue. The rate of the latter equilibration is slow on the NMR time scale but the hemiacetal can be detected by cross-saturation NMR spectroscopy. N-Benzoyl-L-phenylalaninal is a more potent inhibitor of alpha-chymotrypsin than the N-acetyl derivative and both the formation of the enzyme-inhibitor complex and the hemiacetal are slow on the NMR time scale, but the hemiacetal in the enzyme can be detected by cross-saturation NMR spectroscopy. The N-acyl-L-phenylalaninals also bind to N-methylhistidinyl-57-alpha-chymotrypsin, but clear evidence for hemiacetal formation was not obtained by cross-saturation NMR spectroscopy either because the hemiacetal was not formed or more probably because the rate of dissociation was slow compared with the rate of relaxation of the hemiacetal proton. The dissociation constant of N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninal to dehydroalaninyl-195-alpha-chymotrypsin was found to be high relative to the dissociation constant to native alpha-chymotrypsin, supporting the NMR evidence that a hemiacetal with the Ser-195 is formed on association of N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninal with alpha-chymotrypsin.
A versatile and convenient method for the synthesis of pyrimido(4,5-b)(1,4)thiazines. (1984)

Treatment of 5-hydroxypyrimidines 3 with N-bromosuccinimide in ethanol followed by thermal condensation with β-aminothiols resulted in the formation of pyrimido [4, 5-b] [1, 4] thiazines 1 and 2 in high yields.
Self-assembly solder process to form three-dimensional structures on silicon (2009)

The self-assembly of microscale polyhedra driven by surface-tension constraints has been previously described in the literature. Lithographic techniques were used to fabricate two-dimensional structures that, when freed from the underlying substrate, folded into polyhedral shapes. In this article, a modified technique is described in which one face of each polyhedron remains attached to the silicon substrate. The advantage of this new approach is that precise arrays of polyhedra can be formed. Five different polyhedral shapes were fabricated and their corresponding yields are given. The yield values show that the success of the autofolding process depends on the shape of the three-dimensional structures. Truncated shapes appear to be the most readily assembled.
Single-molecule imaging of DNA curtains reveals mechanisms of KOPS sequence targeting by the DNA translocase FtsK (2012)

FtsK is a hexameric DNA translocase that participates in the final stages of bacterial chromosome segregation. Here we investigate the DNA-binding and translocation activities of FtsK in real time by imaging fluorescently tagged proteins on nanofabricated curtains of DNA. We show that FtsK preferentially loads at 8-bp KOPS (FtsK Orienting Polar Sequences) sites and that loading is enhanced in the presence of ADP. We also demonstrate that FtsK locates KOPS through a mechanism that does not involve extensive 1D diffusion at the scale of our resolution. Upon addition of ATP, KOPS-bound FtsK translocates in the direction dictated by KOPS polarity, and once FtsK has begun translocating it does not rerecognize KOPS from either direction. However, FtsK can abruptly change directions while translocating along DNA independent of KOPS, suggesting that the ability to reorient on DNA does not arise from DNA sequence-specific effects. Taken together, our data support a model in which FtsK locates KOPS through random collisions, preferentially engages KOPS in the ADP-bound state, translocates in the direction dictated by the polar orientation of KOPS, and is incapable of recognizing KOPS while translocating along DNA.
Characteristics of stapedius muscle electromyograms elicited by cochlear implant stimulation in the rat (2005)

The electrical stapedius reflex (ESR) threshold, detected by eardrum acoustic impedance change, is strongly correlated with cochlear implant recipients' behavioral comfort levels. However reports suggest acoustic impedance changes are not detectable in 30-40% of patients. The goals of this study were to develop an animal model and investigate the characteristics of the stapedius muscle electromyogram (SEMG) elicited by a cochlear implant, as an alternative measure of ESR activation. Bipolar tungsten micro wire electrodes recorded the SEMG signal from the stapedius muscle of 6 rats. The cochlea was implanted with a multichannel intracochlear electrode that delivered biphasic electrical pulses. Maximum SEMG potentials were 20-500 microV (mean: 174 microV) or 8-42 dB SNR (mean: 24 dB). The dynamic range of the responses that reached saturation were approximately 10 dB, with threshold inversely dependent on pulse-width and electrode separation. The electrical brainstem response (EABR) threshold was 5.6 dB lower than the ESR threshold on average, but the standard deviation was relatively high (2.4 dB), suggesting that these two signals could provide independent information for objective cochlear implant fitting. Post-operative SEMGs were recorded in several animals; including one animal for up to 63 days. The results suggest the overall feasibility of the approach for objective cochlear implant fitting.
Multiple Edge Responses for Fast and Accurate System Simulations (2008)

High-speed input/output (I/O) link performance is limited by random noise as well as signal integrity issues such as dispersion, reflections, and crosstalk. Hence, accurate prediction of system performance including these random and deterministic noise is crucial in high-speed link design. This paper presents a novel, fast, and accurate method to simulate the time-domain system response. The presented method calculates the system response using multiple edge responses (MER) based on linear superposition. Being able to take into account system nonlinearity more accurately, the presented method significantly improves simulation accuracy compared with the other published fast simulation techniques based on either single bit response (SBR) or double edge responses (DER), while at the same time maintaining equivalent numerical efficiency. Furthermore, peak distortion analysis, which is commonly used to find the worst-case data pattern based on SBR, is extended for DER and MER using dynamic programming. A multiphase worst-case data pattern approach is also introduced in this paper in order to determine the worst-case system performance under both timing and voltage consideration.
Antireflective “moth-eye” structures on tunable optical silicone membranes (2012)

Flexible silicone membranes are key components for tunable optical lenses. The elastic operation of the membranes impedes the use of classical layer systems for an antireflective (AR) effect. To overcome this limitation, we equipped optical elastomer membranes with "moth-eye" structures directly in the flexible silicone substrate. The manufacturing of the AR structures in the flexible membrane includes a mastering process based on block copolymer micelle nanolithography followed by a replication method. We investigate the performance of the resulting AR structures under strain of up to 20% membrane expansion. A significant transmittance enhancement of up to 2.5% is achieved over the entire visible spectrum, which means that more than half of the surface reflection losses are compensated by the AR structures.
Materials for Infrared Windows and Domes: Properties and Performance (1999)

The Heat of the Night and the Dust of the Battlefield Optical Properties of Infrared Windows Optical Performance of Infrared Windows Mechanical Properties Thermal Properties Fabrication of Infrared Materials Optical Coatings Erosion and Erosion Protection Proof Testing Diamond - Materials for the Future Appendices.
Recombinant Human Milk Proteins (2006)

Human milk provides proteins that benefit newborn infants. They not only provide amino acids, but also facilitate the absorption of nutrients, stimulate growth and development of the intestine, modulate immune function, and aid in the digestion of other nutrients. Breastfed infants have a lower prevalence of infections than formula-fed infants. Since many women in industrialized countries choose not to breastfeed, and an increasing proportion of women in developing countries are advised not to breastfeed because of the risk of HIV transmission, incorporation of recombinant human milk proteins into infant foods is likely to be beneficial. We are expressing human milk proteins known to have anti-infective activity in rice. Since rice is a normal constituent of the diet of infants and children, limited purification of the proteins is required. Lactoferrin has antimicrobial and iron-binding activities. Lysozyme is an enzyme that is bactericidal and also acts synergistically with lactoferrin. These recombinant proteins have biological activities identical to their native counterparts. They are equally resistant to heat processing, which is necessary for food applications, and to acid and proteolytic enzymes which are needed to maintain their biological activity in the gastrointestinal tract of infants. These recombinant human milk proteins may be incorporated into infant formulas, baby foods and complementary foods, and used with the goal to reduce infectious diseases.
Validation of the high-dose heparin confirmatory step for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (2010)

The diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) requires detection of antibodies to the heparin/platelet factor 4 (PF4) complexes via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Addition of excess heparin to the sample decreases the optical density by 50% or more and confirms the presence of these antibodies. One hundred fifteen patients with anti-heparin/PF4 antibodies detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were classified as clinically HIT-positive or HIT-negative, followed by confirmation with excess heparin. A multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to estimate relationships between patient characteristics, laboratory findings, and clinical HIT status. This model was validated on an independent sample of 97 patients with anti-heparin/PF4 antibodies. No relationship between age, race, or sex and clinical HIT status was found. Maximal optical density and confirmatory positive status independently predicted HIT in multivariate analysis. Predictive accuracy on the training set (c-index 0.78, Brier score 0.17) was maintained when the algorithm was applied to the independent validation population (c-index 0.80, Brier score 0.20). This study quantifies the clinical utility of the confirmatory test to diagnose HIT. On the basis of data from the heparin/PF4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmatory assays, a predictive computer algorithm could distinguish patients likely to have HIT from those who do not.
Beyond antibodies: New affinity reagents to unlock the proteome (2014)

Antibodies have been the workhorse reagents of protein capture and quantification since their 1959 debut in the RIA s developed by Yalow and Berson. However, there are technical challenges to the use of antibodies in highly multiplexed arrays aimed at measuring hundreds or even thousands of proteins at one time. We describe here a recently developed class of synthetic protein‐binding reagents (slow off‐rate modified aptamer). We discuss the chemical makeup and protein binding specifications of slow off‐rate modified aptamer reagents, compare them to traditional aptamers and antibodies, briefly describe the novel proteomic assay that takes advantage of their unique properties, and provide several examples of their multiple applications to biomarker discovery and validation across a range of biomedical science questions.
Single-Crystal Iron Nanowire Arrays (2007)

Highly ordered single-crystal iron nanowire arrays with different diameters have been fabricated in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates by DC electrodeposition method. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) show that the iron nanowires are highly uniform and exhibit a single crystal structure. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of iron nanowire arrays indicate that most of the iron nanowire arrays have the obvious preferred orientation along the [200] direction. From the hysteresis loops of the iron nanowires, it reveals that the easy magnetization axes of nanowire arrays are along the long axis. The sample with smaller diameter (d=35nm) has a high square ratio (up to 98%) and a high coercive filed (1265Oe) when the external magnetic field is applied along axis of the nanowires. When the diameter decreases, the square ratio and the coercive field increase due to the single-domain structure and the strong shape anisotropy in the smaller diameter nanowire arrays.
Learning subjective relevance to facilitate information access (1995)

Article Free Access Share on Learning subjective relevance to facilitate information access Authors: James R. Chen NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CA NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CAView Profile , Nathalie Mathé NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CA NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '95: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Information and knowledge managementDecember 1995 Pages 218–225https://doi.org/10.1145/221270.221574Published:02 December 1995Publication History 0citation515DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads515Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
In Situ and Reactor Study of the Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Acetylacetone by Ruthenium Catalysis with the New Chiral Diphosphine Ligand (<i>R</i>)-(<i>R</i>)-3-Benzyl-2,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane (2000)

The new optically pure C1-symmetric diphosphine ligand (R)-(R)-3-benzyl-2,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane (BDPBzP) has been synthesized by enantioselective reduction of 3-benzyl-2,4-pentanedione with [((S)-BINAP)Ru(p-cymene)Cl]Cl, followed by the reaction of potassium diphenylphosphide with the bis(mesylate) intermediate (S)-(S)-PhCH2CH(CH(OMs)CH3)2. The Ru(II) complexes [(BDPBzP)Ru(p-cymene)I]I·2CH2Cl2 (5), [(BDPBzP)(DMSO)Ru(μ-Cl)3RuCl(BDPBzP)] (6a), and [(BDPBzP)RuCl(CH3CN)3]OTf (7) have been prepared and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The p-cymene complex 5 has been authenticated by a single-crystal X-ray analysis. All Ru(II) complexes are effective catalyst precursors for the enantioselective hydrogenation of acetylacetone to (R)-(R)-2,4-pentanediol. The best catalytic performance in terms of enantioselective discrimination (ee's up to 99%) has been observed for the dimer 6a. An in situ high-pressure NMR study in catalytic conditions has shown that the nonclassical polyhydride dimer [(BDPBzP)(η2-H2)ClRu(μ-H)2RuCl(η2-H2)(BDPBzP)] is the only species observed all over the catalytic cycle. The monohydrogenated intermediate (R)-4-hydroxypentan-2-one is obtained in appreciable yields only at low temperature or low conversion. The relative yields and ee's of the mono- and dihydrogenated products are consistent with the effect of a double stereodifferentiation process.
Awareness and Coordination: A Calendar for Families (2005)

In this paper, we describe the AwareCo calendar visualization, designed to provide a means for awareness and coordination between family members with diverse schedules. The AwareCo calendar system does this by supporting the three major domestic calendar uses: Coordination and Negotiation of schedules, Review and Reminders of what is to come, and Awareness of the locations and activities of others. We first present the calendar s persona based design process. We then describe the visualization and interaction, and discuss how it supports family calendar qualities and uses.
Identification of amino acid residues important for the phosphomannose isomerase activity of PslB in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 (2008)

Phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) plays a pivotal role in biosynthesis of GDP-mannose, an important precursor of many polysaccharides. We demonstrate in this study that Pseudomonas aeruginosa pslB encodes a protein with GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase/PMI dual activities. The PMI activity is Co2+-dependent and could be inhibited by GDP-mannose in a competitive manner. Furthermore, the activity could be inactivated by 2,3-butanedione suggesting the presence of a catalytic Arg residue. Site-specific mutations at R373, R472, R479, E410, H411, N433 and E458 increase the KM approximately 8-20-fold. The PMI activity of PslB was completely diminished with a R408K or R408A, reflecting the importance of this residue in catalysis. Overall, these results provide a basis for understanding the catalytic mechanism of PMI.
The protonation of ruthenium- and rhodium-bridged carboxylates and their use as homogeneous hydrogenation catalysts for unsaturated substances (1970)

The protonation of rhodium(II) acetate by non-complexing, non-oxidising acids such as fluoroboric acid gives the green rhodium(II) cation Rh4+2. The interaction with triphenylphosphine and carbon monoxide lead to the complexes Rh(PPh3)3BF4 and Rh(CO)(PPh3)3BF4.The new ruthenium(II) acetate Ru2(OCOMe)4 and its adducts with triphenylphosphine and pyridine have been characterised.The methanolic fluoroboric acid solutions of RhII and RuII acetates and of Ru2(OAc)4Cl, in the presence of triphenylphosphine, are active catalysts for the homogeneous hydrogenation of alkenes, alkynes, and other unsaturated substances.
Metalloproteinases and Wound Healing (2015)

<b>Significance:</b> Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are present in both acute and chronic wounds. They play a pivotal role, with their inhibitors, in regulating extracellular matrix degradation and deposition that is essential for wound reepithelialization. The excess protease activity can lead to a chronic nonhealing wound. The timed expression and activation of MMPs in response to wounding are vital for successful wound healing. MMPs are grouped into eight families and display extensive homology within these families. This homology leads in part to the initial failure of MMP inhibitors in clinical trials and the development of alternative methods for modulating the MMP activity. MMP-knockout mouse models display altered wound healing responses, but these are often subtle phenotypic changes indicating the overlapping MMP substrate specificity and inter-MMP compensation. <b>Recent Advances:</b> Recent research has identified several new MMP modulators, including photodynamic therapy, protease-absorbing dressing, microRNA regulation, signaling molecules, and peptides. <b>Critical Issues:</b> Wound healing requires the controlled activity of MMPs at all stages of the wound healing process. The loss of MMP regulation is a characteristic of chronic wounds and contributes to the failure to heal. <b>Future Directions:</b> Further research into how MMPs are regulated should allow the development of novel treatments for wound healing.
Struvite crystallization versus amorphous magnesium and calcium phosphate precipitation during the treatment of a saline industrial wastewater (2011)

Struvite crystallization (MgNH(4)PO(4)·6H(2)O, MAP) could be an alternative for the sustainable and economical recovery of phosphorus from concentrated wastewater streams. Struvite precipitation is recommended for those wastewaters which have high orthophosphate concentration. However the presence of a cheap magnesium source is required in order to make the process feasible. For those wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) located near the seashore magnesium could be economically obtained using seawater. However seawater contains calcium ions that could interfere in the process, by promoting the precipitation of amorphous magnesium and calcium phosphates. Precipitates composition was affected by the NH(4)(+)/PO(4)(3-) molar ratio used. Struvite or magnesium and calcium phosphates were obtained when NH(4)(+)/PO(4)(3-) was fixed at 4.7 or 1.0, respectively. This study demonstrates that by manipulating the NH(4)(+)/PO(4)(3-) it is possible to obtain pure struvite crystals, instead of precipitates of amorphous magnesium and calcium phosphates. This was easily performed by using either raw or secondary treated wastewater with different ammonium concentrations.
Mechanistic DFT Study on Ethylene Trimerization of Chromium Catalysts Supported by a Versatile Pyrrole Ligand System (2014)

To elucidate fundamental mechanistic aspects of the landmark Chevron–Phillips ethylene trimerization system, a detailed theoretical study has been carried out by DFT methods on an aluminum pyrrolyl chromium catalyst. Reaction pathways for selective ethylene oligomerization have been successfully located on the basis of the metallacycle mechanism. Consistent with experimental results, for the model system ethylene trimerization was proven to be energetically preferred in comparison to ethylene dimerization or further ring expansion toward the formation of higher α-olefins. The Cr(I/III) redox couple was found to be the most likely for the catalytic ethylene trimerization. A careful electronic configuration analysis has been conducted, and the ground state of all active species involved in the catalytic cycle is identified to be S = 3/2 except for the bare active species, which favors a high spin state of S = 5/2. The role of a pendant chlorine functionality has been investigated as well. Variable Cr–Cl bond distance and NBO charge analysis of every intermediate clearly exhibit the hemilabile behavior of the chlorine. This unique hemilability is considered to be a key factor for the selectivity toward 1-hexene formation.
Performance Of Space-Frequency Coded Broadband Ofdm Under Real-World Propagation Conditions (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
A 60 GHz Hand-Held LPI-Transceiver (1982)

Millimeter wave frequencies near the oxygen absorption of the athmosphere around 60 GHz can be used for short-range low probability of intercept (LPI) communications. In order to investigate the behaviour of mm-wave hand-held radio links, small and lightweight transceiver units have been developed at 60 GHz. The millimeter-wave components designed for frequency modulation will be described Propagation measurements, have been carried out, results will be presented.