gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Influence of amaranth on the production of alpha-amylase using Aspergillus niger NRRL 3112]. (2001)

In this paper the influence of the amaranth seed meal and the aeration conditions on the alpha-amylase production by Aspergillus niger NRRL 3112 were studied. The assays of selection of culture medium were carried out in a rotary shaker at 250 rpm and 2.5 cm stroke. The aeration conditions were studied in a mechanically stirred fermentor New Brunswick type. A concentration of alpha-amylase of 2750 U.Dun/ml was achieved at 120 h with a dry weight of 8.0 g/l, using a base medium with 5.0 g/l Amaranthus cruentus seed meal. In the experiment performed in a New Brunswick fermentor, the highest value was 2806 U.Dun/ml. This result was obtained after 120 h, operating at 300 rpm and an airflow of 1 l/l. min. in a limited dissolved oxygen concentration. It was determined that the increase in the agitation rate was not favorable to the enzyme production, despite that an increase was verified in the dissolved oxygen. The morphology of the microorganism, in long and ramified hyphae, was the critical factor to obtain higher levels of alpha-amylase.
Systemic Lidocaine Decreased the Perioperative Opioid Analgesic Requirements but Failed to Reduce Discharge Time After Ambulatory Surgery (2009)

Perioperative systemic lidocaine significantly reduces opioid requirements in the ambulatory setting without affecting time to discharge.
Dynamics of Proximal Signaling Events after TCR/CD8-Mediated Induction of Proliferation or Apoptosis in Mature CD8+ T Cells (2008)

Engagement of the TCR can induce different functional outcomes such as activation, proliferation, survival, or apoptosis. How the TCR-mediated signaling cascades generating these distinct cellular responses are organized on the molecular level is so far not completely understood. To obtain insight into this question, we analyzed TCR/CD8-mediated signaling events in mature OT-I TCR transgenic T cells under conditions of stimulation that lead to either proliferation or apoptosis. These experiments revealed major differences in the phosphorylation dynamics of LAT, ZAP70, protein kinase B, phospholipase C-gamma1, protein kinase D1, and ERK1/2. Moreover, input signals leading to apoptosis induced a strong, but transient activation of ERK1/2 mainly at sites of TCR-engagement. In contrast, stimuli promoting survival/proliferation generated a low and sustained activation of ERK1/2, which colocalizes with Ras in recycling endosomal vesicles. The transient activation of ERK1/2 under pro-apoptotic conditions of stimulation is at least partially due to the rapid polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation of ZAP70, whereas the sustained activation of ERK1/2 under survival promoting conditions is paralleled by the induction/phosphorylation of anti-apoptotic molecules such as protein kinase B and Bcl-x(L). Collectively, our data provide signaling signatures that are associated with proliferation or apoptosis of T cells.
Significant acceleration of 2D-3D registration-based fusion of ultrasound and x-ray images by mesh-based DRR rendering (2013)

For transcatheter-based minimally invasive procedures in structural heart disease ultrasound and X-ray are the two enabling imaging modalities. A live fusion of both real-time modalities can potentially improve the workflow and the catheter navigation by combining the excellent instrument imaging of X-ray with the high-quality soft tissue imaging of ultrasound. A recently published approach to fuse X-ray fluoroscopy with trans-esophageal echo (TEE) registers the ultrasound probe to X-ray images by a 2D-3D registration method which inherently provides a registration of ultrasound images to X-ray images. In this paper, we significantly accelerate the 2D-3D registration method in this context. The main novelty is to generate the projection images (DRR) of the 3D object not via volume ray-casting but instead via a fast rendering of triangular meshes. This is possible, because in the setting for TEE/X-ray fusion the 3D geometry of the ultrasound probe is known in advance and their main components can be described by triangular meshes. We show that the new approach can achieve a speedup factor up to 65 and does not affect the registration accuracy when used in conjunction with the gradient correlation similarity measure. The improvement is independent of the underlying registration optimizer. Based on the results, a TEE/X-ray fusion could be performed with a higher frame rate and a shorter time lag towards real-time registration performance. The approach could potentially accelerate other applications of 2D-3D registrations, e.g. the registration of implant models with X-ray images.
Interconversion of the salicylic acid signal and its glucoside in tobacco (1993)

Salicylic acid (SA) has been proposed to play a role in the induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in tobacco. Since SA is rapidly converted to salicylic acid beta-glucoside (SAG) in tobacco, we have attempted to assess the role of SAG in pathogenesis by application of chemically synthesized SAG to tobacco leaves. SAG was as active as SA in induction of PR-1 gene expression. This induction was preceded by a transient release of SA, which occurred in the extracellular spaces. The existence of a mechanism that releases SA from SAG suggests a possible role for SAG in SAR.
Expression and self-regulatory function of cardiac interleukin-6 during endotoxemia (2000)

Interleukin (IL)-6 reportedly has negative inotropic and hypertrophic effects on the heart. Here, we describe endotoxin-induced IL-6 in the heart that has not previously been well characterized. An intraperitoneal injection of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide into C57BL/6 mice induced IL-6 mRNA in the heart more strongly than in any other tissue examined. Induction of mRNA for two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, occurred rapidly before the induction of IL-6 mRNA and protein. Although stimulation of isolated rat neonatal myocardial cells with IL-1beta or TNF-alpha induced IL-6 mRNA in vitro, nonmyocardial heart cells produced higher levels of IL-6 mRNA upon stimulation with IL-1beta. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses localized the IL-6 expression primarily in nonmyocardial cells in vivo. Endotoxin-induced expression of cardiac IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 was augmented in IL-6-deficient mice compared with control mice. Thus cardiac IL-6, expressed mainly by nonmyocardial cells via IL-1beta action during endotoxemia, is likely to suppress expression of proinflammatory mediators and to regulate itself via a negative feedback mechanism.
A self-reconfigurable dual-arm system (2002)

An approach to a self-reconfigurable manipulator system which dynamically changes its topology according to given task requirements is presented. The proposed self-reconfiguration differs from that of conventional reconfigurable robots, in that it does not need to replace and reassemble modularized links to build a robot of desirable mechanical structure, but it customizes a multiple redundant manipulator system by reconfiguring its mechanical structure through serial, parallel, and bracing mechanisms of multiple arm cooperation. The authors present a methodology of generating serial, parallel, and bracing structures for a self-reconfigurable dual-arm system based on manipulabilities and resistivities. Such manipulabilities and resistivities quantify the efficiency and capability of a self-reconfigurable dual-arm system in generating the Cartesian motion and static force, thereby providing information essential to customizing a dual-arm topology suitable for a given task. An example is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Probabilistic Analysis of Dynamic Scenes and Collision Risks Assessment to Improve Driving Safety (2011)

The article deals with the analysis and interpretation of dynamic scenes typical of urban driving. The key objective is to assess risks of collision for the ego-vehicle. We describe our concept and methods, which we have integrated and tested on our experimental platform on a Lexus car and a driving simulator. The on-board sensors deliver visual, telemetric and inertial data for environment monitoring. The sensor fusion uses our Bayesian Occupancy Filter for a spatio-temporal grid representation of the traffic scene. The underlying probabilistic approach is capable of dealing with uncertainties when modeling the environment as well as detecting and tracking dynamic objects. The collision risks are estimated as stochastic variables and are predicted for a short period ahead with the use of Hidden Markov Models and Gaussian processes. The software implementation takes advantage of our methods, which allow for parallel computation. Our tests have proven the relevance and feasibility of our approach for improving the safety of car driving.
Comparison of hypersensitivity reactions of intravenous iron: iron isomaltoside‐1000 (Monofer<sup>®</sup>) versus ferric carboxy‐maltose (Ferinject<sup>®</sup>). A single center, cohort study (2018)

Ferric carboxymaltose is associated with a 75% lower risk for HSRs compared with iron isomaltoside-1000 in our population. The presence of a comorbidity raises the likelihood of an HSR by a factor of three regardless of the type of intravenous iron infusion. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanism in various patient groups.
Optimization of Ethanol Extraction Process of Solanum nigrum Linn. and Structural Confirmation of its Compounds (2014)

Long Kui is the dried whole plant of Solanum nigrum Linn. or S. photeinocarpum Nakamura et Odashima, which is also named as
Frontal Lobe Tumoral Epilepsy: Clinical, Neurophysiologic Features and Predictors of Surgical Outcome (2002)

Long-term surgical outcomes in tumoral frontal lobe epilepsy are more favorable than those in nontumoral intractable frontal lobe epilepsy (65% class I or II) and less favorable than those in other tumoral epilepsy (overall, 70% class I). Frontal location of intracranial neoplasm may predict a less favorable long-term epilepsy prognosis than tumoral epilepsy in general, an observation for which several explanations are proposed.
Purification and Identification of a Novel and Four Known Serine Proteinase Inhibitors Secreted by Human Glioblastoma Cells (1996)

Our previous studies have shown that some human cancer cell lines produce pancreatic trypsinogen, plasminogen, and tissue-type kallikrein. To understand the regulatory mechanism of these proteinases, serine proteinase inhibitors secreted by human glioblastoma cell line T98G were analyzed by gelatin reverse zymography with trypsin. The serum-free conditioned medium of T98G cells showed more than ten trypsin inhibitor bands ranging from 16 to 150 kDa in the reverse zymography. Major trypsin inhibitors were purified by trypsin-affinity chromatography. Analysis of their N-terminal amino acid sequences demonstrated that the purified inhibitors were identical to the secreted forms of amyloid protein precursors (APPs), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), placental protein 5 (PP5)/TFPI-2, and secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI). In addition, a novel 25-kDa trypsin-binding protein, tentatively named p25TI, was identified. p25TI showed weak inhibitory activity against trypsin in reverse zymography as compared with the other inhibitors. The secretion of multiple forms of serine proteinase inhibitors by human cancer cells raises the possibility that they might be involved in the abnormal growth of cancer cells.
Oxidative Addition to Gold(I): A New Avenue in Homogeneous Catalysis with Au (2015)

There′s nothing like gold: New gold(III) catalysts, which can be easily obtained by the oxidative addition of biphenylene to NHC-gold(I) chlorides (see structure; NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) prove not only to be very stable compounds but also competent catalysts for various reactions. Some of these reactions are new, and have never been observed before.
A comparison of the noise sensitivity of nine QRS detection algorithms (1990)

The noise sensitivities for nine different QRS detection algorithms were measured for a normal, single-channel lead II, synthesized ECG corrupted with five different types of synthesized noise. The noise types were electromyographic interference, 60 Hz powerline interference, baseline drift due to respiration, abrupt baseline shift, and a composite noise constructed from all of the other noise types. The percentage of QRS complexes detected, the number of false positives, and the detection delay were measured. None of the algorithms were able to detect all QRS complexes without any false positives for all of the noise types at the highest noise level. Algorithms based on amplitude and slope had the highest performance for EMG-corrupted ECG. An algorithm using a digital filter had the best performance for the composite noise corrupted data.
Slowness-driven Gaussian-beam prestack depth migration for low-fold seismic data (2009)

Abstract Subsurface images based on low-fold seismic reflection data or data with geometry acquisition limitations, such as obtained from ocean-bottom seismography (OBS), are often corrupted by migration swing artifacts. Incorporating prestack instantaneous slowness information into the imaging condition can significantly reduce these migration swing artifacts and improve image quality, especially for areas with poor illumination. We combine the horizontal surface slowness information of observed seismic data with Gaussian-beam depth migration to implement a new slowness-driven Gaussian-beam prestack depth migration whereby Fresnel weighting is combined naturally with beam summation. The prestack instantaneous slowness information is extracted from the original OBS or shot gathers using local slant stacks and is combined with a local semblance analysis. During migration, we propagate the seismic energy downward, knowing its instantaneous slowness information. At each image location, the beam summation is localized in a resolution-dependent Fresnel zone; the instantaneous slowness information controls the beam summation. Synthetic and real data examples confirm that slowness-driven Gaussian-beam migration can suppress most noise from inadequate stacking and give a clearer migration result.
Joint DOA and polarization estimation for unequal power sources based on reconstructed noise subspace (2016)

In most literature about joint direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization estimation, the case that sources possess different power levels is seldom discussed. However, this case exists widely in practical applications, especially in passive radar systems. In this paper, we propose a joint DOA and polarization estimation method for unequal power sources based on the reconstructed noise subspace. The invariance property of noise subspace (IPNS) to power of sources has been proved an effective method to estimate DOA of unequal power sources. We develop the IPNS method for joint DOA and polarization estimation based on a dual polarized array. Moreover, we propose an improved IPNS method based on the reconstructed noise subspace, which has higher resolution probability than the IPNS method. It is theoretically proved that the IPNS to power of sources is still valid when the eigenvalues of the noise subspace are changed artificially. Simulation results show that the resolution probability of the proposed method is enhanced compared with the methods based on the IPNS and the polarimetric multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method. Meanwhile, the proposed method has approximately the same estimation accuracy as the IPNS method for the weak source.
Differential Roles of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors 1 and 2 in Dendritic Cell Differentiation (2005)

Impaired Ag-presenting function in dendritic cells (DCs) due to abnormal differentiation is an important mechanism of tumor escape from immune control. A major role for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors, VEGFR1/Flt-1 and VEGFR2/KDR/Flk-1, has been documented in hemopoietic development. To study the roles of each of these receptors in DC differentiation, we used an in vitro system of myeloid DC differentiation from murine embryonic stem cells. Exposure of wild-type, VEGFR1(-/-), or VEGFR2(-/-) embryonic stem cells to exogenous VEGF or the VEGFR1-specific ligand, placental growth factor, revealed distinct roles of VEGF receptors. VEGFR1 is the primary mediator of the VEGF inhibition of DC maturation, whereas VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase signaling is essential for early hemopoietic differentiation, but only marginally affects final DC maturation. SU5416, a VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, only partially rescued the mature DC phenotype in the presence of VEGF, suggesting the involvement of both tyrosine kinase-dependent and independent inhibitory mechanisms. VEGFR1 signaling was sufficient for blocking NF-kappaB activation in bone marrow hemopoietic progenitor cells. VEGF and placental growth factor affect the early stages of myeloid/DC differentiation. The data suggest that therapeutic strategies attempting to reverse the immunosuppressive effects of VEGF in cancer patients might be more effective if they specifically targeted VEGFR1.
Neuronal networks and synaptic plasticity: understanding complex system dynamics by interfacing neurons with silicon technologies (2006)

Information processing in the central nervous system is primarily mediated through synaptic connections between neurons. This connectivity in turn defines how large ensembles of neurons may coordinate network output to execute complex sensory and motor functions including learning and memory. The synaptic connectivity between any given pair of neurons is not hard-wired; rather it exhibits a high degree of plasticity, which in turn forms the basis for learning and memory. While there has been extensive research to define the cellular and molecular basis of synaptic plasticity, at the level of either pairs of neurons or smaller networks, analysis of larger neuronal ensembles has proved technically challenging. The ability to monitor the activities of larger neuronal networks simultaneously and non-invasively is a necessary prerequisite to understanding how neuronal networks function at the systems level. Here we describe recent breakthroughs in the area of various bionic hybrids whereby neuronal networks have been successfully interfaced with silicon devices to monitor the output of synaptically connected neurons. These technologies hold tremendous potential for future research not only in the area of synaptic plasticity but also for the development of strategies that will enable implantation of electronic devices in live animals during various memory tasks.
The Pros and Cons of Exporting (1976)

The importance of exporting is so obvious as to require little reiteration. It is, however, an awkward fact that most of the arguments which spring most readily to mind apply to the national not the company interest. The first task of this chapter is therefore to argue that in many instances, even where exporting is seen at best as a marginal activity which can be dropped or cut as and when the home market absorbs output, the true interests of the company may be inadequately understood. Exporting increasingly may be a necessary condition for a secure home market.KeywordsForeign LanguageHome MarketInternational MarketingOverseas MarketMarketing PolicyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Globalisation, development and ‘communication for localisation’ (2001)

(2001). Globalisation, development and ‘communication for localisation’. The Journal of International Communication: Vol. 7, Participatory Communication, pp. 14-24.
The time-domain analysis for constant on-time critical mode boost-type PFC converters (2012)

This paper proposed a time-domain mathematical analysis for the constant on-time (COT) critical mode (CRM) boost-type power factor correction (PFC) converter with and without zero voltage switching (ZVS) or valley switching (VS). The mathematical expression for the unfiltered input current function is derived and used to calculate the total harmonic distortion (THD). Then, the input filter is considered to calculate the filtered THD. The derived mathematical equations will help users to understand the causes of the current distortion and to design an appropriate filter to reduce the THD. The accuracy of the proposed time-domain analysis is verified by different simulation software, Octave and SIMPLIS. The calculated THD values by the proposed mathematical expressions and by the circuit simulation software are found to be consistent.
Object-oriented graphics for requirements analysis and logical design (1991)

Numerous graphic notations have been proposed during the last 5 years for use during Object-Oriented Requirements Analysis and Logical Design. The following article describes the consistent set of tool-supported object-oriented graphics that are part of ASTS Development Method 2 (ADM_2), a full development cycle method in use on various projects in the United States, Canada, and England.
Effector mechanisms of interleukin-17 in collagen-induced arthritis in the absence of interferon-γ and counteraction by interferon-γ (2009)

In the absence of IFN-gamma, IL-17 mediates its pro-inflammatory effects mainly through stimulatory effects on granulopoiesis, neutrophil infiltration and bone destruction. In vitro IFN-gamma profoundly inhibits the effector function of IL-17. Thus, aside from the well-known inhibition of the development of Th17 cells by IFN-gamma, this may be an additional mechanism through which IFN-gamma attenuates autoimmune diseases.
Query evaluation on compressed trees (2003)

This paper studies the problem of evaluating unary (or node-selecting) queries on unranked trees compressed in a natural structure-preserving way, by the sharing of common subtrees. The motivation to study unary queries on unranked trees comes from the database field, where querying XML (Extensible Markup Language) documents, which can be considered as unranked labeled trees, is an important task. We give algorithms and complexity results for the evaluation of XPath and monadic datalog queries. Furthermore, we propose a new automata-theoretic formalism for querying trees and give algorithms for evaluating queries defined by such automata.
[The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes in Chinese HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals]. (2009)

The prevalence of HCV genotype/subtype in HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals was associated with geographic areas and transmission routes. HCV subtypes had no direct correlation with HIV infection disease progression.
Analysis of the Secretion from Single Anterior Pituitary Cells by Cell Immunoblot Assay. (1993)

The CIBA is very useful in quantifying hormone secretion from single endocrine cells. Variations of this assay can extend its power for evaluating the proportion of hormone-secreting cells in a cell population, determining the responsiveness of individual cells to a particular secretagogue and identifying multihormones that are simultaneously secreted by the same cells. By using the CIBA and its variations, mammotrophs were shown to be heterogeneous with respect to the responsiveness to DA and TRH and cosecretion of PRL and GH. Furthermore, the fact that SP secretion from pituitary cells was increased by thyroidectomy via an increase in the number of SP-secreting cells indicates the possibility that the CIBA can clarify mechanisms underlying changes in hormone secretion and intercellular signaling at the cellular basis.