gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The biochemical assessment of insulin resistance (2007)

Insulin resistance is a common condition, recognized to be a central feature of the metabolic syndrome, and strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The quantitative assessment of insulin sensitivity is not used for routine clinical purposes, but the emerging importance of insulin resistance has led to its wider application to research studies that have examined its pathogenesis, aetiology and consequences. The gold standard method for the determination of insulin sensitivity is the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp from which indices of insulin sensitivity can be derived. The clamp technique is both expensive and complex to undertake and has prompted the use of surrogate methods, notably the insulin tolerance test and frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Indices may be derived from these methods and correlate well with those derived from clamp studies. Indices can also be derived from measurements made during a standard oral glucose tolerance test and from one-off fasting specimens (e.g. homeostasis model assessment and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index). These indices lend themselves for use in large population studies where a relatively simple, inexpensive assessment is necessary. However, these tests all suffer from important limitations, including poor precision. Insulin resistance is increasingly being assessed in clinical situations, where relatively simple markers are required. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 is an emerging marker which may be useful in this context.
Rapid, Room‐Temperature Formation of Crystalline Calcium Molybdate Phosphor Microparticles via Peptide<b>‐</b>Induced Precipitation (2006)

A phage display method has been used for the first time to identify peptides that bind to, and induce the rapid formation of, a pure crystalline binary metal oxide compound, CaMoO4, at room temperature from a soluble aqueous precursor solution (see figure). This demonstration opens the door to the biosculpting (peptide patterning, then localized peptide-induced mineralization) of functional synthetic crystalline multicomponent compounds onto or with low-temperature or chemically dissimilar materials.
Mammalian WTAP is a regulatory subunit of the RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase (2014)

The methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3)-containing methyltransferase complex catalyzes the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) formation, a novel epitranscriptomic marker; however, the nature of this complex remains largely unknown. Here we report two new components of the human m6A methyltransferase complex, Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) and methyltransferase like 14 (METTL14). WTAP interacts with METTL3 and METTL14, and is required for their localization into nuclear speckles enriched with pre-mRNA processing factors and for catalytic activity of the m6A methyltransferase in vivo. The majority of RNAs bound by WTAP and METTL3 in vivo represent mRNAs containing the consensus m6A motif. In the absence of WTAP, the RNA-binding capability of METTL3 is strongly reduced, suggesting that WTAP may function to regulate recruitment of the m6A methyltransferase complex to mRNA targets. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses in combination with photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) illustrate that WTAP and METTL3 regulate expression and alternative splicing of genes involved in transcription and RNA processing. Morpholino-mediated knockdown targeting WTAP and/or METTL3 in zebrafish embryos caused tissue differentiation defects and increased apoptosis. These findings provide strong evidence that WTAP may function as a regulatory subunit in the m6A methyltransferase complex and play a critical role in epitranscriptomic regulation of RNA metabolism.
INVERSION OF SEISMOGRAMS AND PSEUDO VELOCITY LOGS* (1977)

A bstract Pseudo velocity logs can be obtained by seismogram inversion, using true amplitude processing and detailed investigation of move‐out velocities. The precision of the results depends on the quality of the seismic data and on the possibility of deconvolving without increasing the noise. An investigation is made of the deformation of pseudo logs due to seismic signal variations and to imperfections of deconvolution. Both marine and land examples are shown, in some cases with adjustment on well logs. When the dips are large, time sections must be migrated and pseudo velocity logs must be computed from migrated sections. Comparison of sonic logs with pseudo velocity logs obtained in the same area is usually good enough to obtain information on lithological parameter variations by adjustment of pseudo velocity logs on sonic logs. Even when no well is available, pseudo velocity logs can give some indications on the nature of sediments between seismic horizons.
Analytic approach to the problem of convergence of truncated Lévy flights towards the Gaussian stochastic process (1995)

An analytic expression for characteristic function defining a truncated L\'evy flight is derived. It is shown that the characteristic function yields results in agreement with recent simulations of truncated L\'evy flights by Mantegna and Stanley [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2946 (1994)]. With the analytic expression for the characteristic function, the convergence of the L\'evy process towards the Gaussian is demonstrated without simulations. In the calculation of first return probability the simulations are replaced by numerical integration using simple quadratures.
European uncooled thermal imaging sensors (1999)

There is a widespread requirement for low cost lightweight thermal imaging sensors for both military and civilian applications. In Europe, these requires are now being met by systems using large uncooled ferroelectric detector arrays offering performance levels which, until recently, could only be achieved by expensive cryogenically cooled systems. The uncooled technologies a result of collaboration between the UK Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) and Marconi Electronic Systems (MES) under a 'Dual Use Technology Program (DUTP). The successes from this program have resulted in developments for civil applications, including both hand held and helmet mounted fire-fighter's thermal imaging cameras. Military applications include personal surveillance sensors, vehicle driving aids, airborne flying aids and thermal weapon sighting systems. The products available to date have been based on hybrid ferroelectric detector technology in which the IR sensing material is manufactured separately from the silicon readout circuit to which it is subsequently bonded. Meanwhile, the ongoing DUTP program is developing a high performance 'integrated' detector technology in which the ferroelectric ceramic material is deposited as a microbridge structure directly onto the silicon readout circuit. The improved performance available from this approach will realize major enhancement and cost reductions to be achieved in future thermal imaging sensor developments.
Interactive sound rendering (2011)

Summary form only given. Extending the frontier of visual computing, sound rendering utilizes sound to communicate information to a user and offers an alternative means of visualization. By harnessing the sense of hearing, audio rendering can further enhance a user's experience in a multimodal virtual world and is required for immersive environments, computer games, simulation, training and designing next generation human-computer interfaces. In this talk, we will give an overview of our recent work on sound synthesis and sound propagation. These include generating realistic physically-based sounds from rigid body dynamics simulations and liquid sounds based on bubble resonance and coupling with fluid simulators. We also describe new and fast algorithms for sound propagation based on improved numerical techniques and fast geometric sound propagation. Our algorithms improve the state of the art in sound propagation by almost 1-2 orders of magnitude and we demonstrate that it is possible to perform interactive propagation in complex, dynamic environments by utilizing the computational capabilities of multi-core CPUs and many-core GPUs. We will also show some preliminary results on the design of next-generation musical instruments using multi-touch interfaces. Joint work with faculty and students of GAMMA group at UNC Chapel Hill.
Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy in Sweden: Geographical Distribution, Age of Onset, and Prevalence (1993)

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) in Swedish patients is associated with the same transthyretin mutation (TTRMet30) as in Portuguese, Japanese, Brazilian and Majorcan patients. Yet, the age of onset of FAP is much later in Sweden than in other populations. We have studied 239 cases of FAP from northern Sweden, their geographical distribution, differences in age of onset, and estimated prevalence and incidence rates. Cases and families concentrate mainly in two areas, around the towns of Skellefteå and Piteå. Mean age of onset was found to be later in the Piteå (58.8 +/- 10.8) than in the Skellefteå area (54.4 +/- 13.5). Unusually high figures were found for prevalence rates (91 x 10(-5) and 104 x 10(-5), respectively) in 1985. Mean yearly incidences were 3.1 x 10(-5) and 4.4 x 10(-5), respectively, over the period 1985-1989.
A Driver and Riders Matching Approach (2014)

Dependence on personal automobiles is becoming increasingly costly due to accelerating climate change and rising gasoline prices. It is particularly wasteful when one realizes that most car seats are typically empty. With the advancement of mobile social networking technologies, it is necessary to reconsider the principles and desired characteristics of ride-sharing systems. Ride-sharing systems can be popular among people if we can provide more flexible and adaptive solution according to preferences of the participants and solve the social challenges. In this paper, we present the genetic algorithm for solving the riders and drivers matching problem with different conflicting objectives. The experiment results of the proposed algorithm indicates the superior performance over the generalized label correcting algorithm in terms of quality and runtime.
Phosphate Precipitation in Biofilms and Flocs (1983)

The experiments have confirmed that denitrification in biofilms may lead to calcium phosphate precipitation inside the biofilms due to the increased pH created by the denitrification reaction. This has been shown in a laboratory fixed film reactor with well defined geometry and feed with well defined substrates. The phosphate precipitate was in one case found similar to a carbonate containing apatitic phase. It accumulated in the bio-film to 9.3% P based on dry solids. A mathematical model has been developed relating the phosphate to nitrate molar removal rates to the concentration of phosphate, calcium, bicarbonate, the solubility of the solid phosphate phase and the type of carbon source used for denitrification. The model was supported by the experiments. The experiments show that the biofilm precipitation may be of significant practical interest, but factors as filamentous growth on the biofilm surface or precipitation of an easy soluble amorphous calcium phosphate can also make the biofilm precipitation insignificant. The precipitation effect is expected to be feasible in floes, if a homogeneous biomatrix with a thickness of more than approx. 100 µm exist in the floc substructure.
Glycosylated recombinant human tumor necrosis factor binding protein-1 reduces mortality, shock, and production of tumor necrosis factor in rabbit Escherichia coli sepsis (1995)

Treatment with r-hTNF binding protein-1 improved hemodynamic variables and survival of E. coli-challenged rabbits. Administration of r-hTNF binding protein-1 suppressed bioactivity of TNF in the circulation of these rabbits, and the production of TNF as well.
Abortive initiation is increased only for the weakest members of a set of down mutants of the adenovirus 2 major late promoter. (1991)

We have shown that accurate initiation of productive RNA synthesis in vitro at the adenovirus 2 major late promoter is accompanied by abortive initiation of very short transcripts (Luse, D. S., and Jacob, G. A. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 14990-14997). We made a set of sequence variants of this promoter, using every possible base at position -28 (in the TATA box) in the context of either the normal base (A) or a T at position +1 on the nontemplate strand. All changes from wild type reduced promoter strength. The two weakest promoters were 10- and 30-fold less active than wild type in productive RNA synthesis. We tested the possibility that the down mutations also caused an increase in the proportion of in vitro initiations which are abortive. This effect was seen only with the two weakest members of the promoter set. For these promoters, which share an A----C change at the -28 position of the TATA box, the ratio of abortive to productive initiations was 3-4-fold higher than for the other promoters. Interestingly, the sequence change at +1, although a down mutation, did not lead to an increase in abortive initiation.
Adenovirus E1A 12S protein induces DNA synthesis and proliferation in primary epithelial cells in both the presence and absence of serum (1987)

Infection of primary baby rat kidney (BRK) cells with an adenovirus that carries an E1A 12S cDNA in place of the normal E1A region (adenovirus 5 [Ad5] 12S) resulted in the induction of cellular DNA synthesis and proliferation of the epithelial cells in the population, even in the absence of serum. Increased cellular DNA synthesis was first detectable by 12 h after infection and was maintained at a 10- to 20-fold higher level than in mock-infected cells. By 5 days after infection there was a 10-fold-greater number of 12S virus-infected BRK cells. These infected BRK cells retained many of their normal epithelial cell characteristics and were not transformed. The expression of the E1A 12S protein(s) occurred early after infection. There was no induction of adenoviral gene expression or viral DNA replication in these cells. The early effects of a fully transforming gene product(s) were also examined. The Ad5-simian virus 40 hybrid virus, Ad5.SVR4, in which the early region of simian virus 40 has replaced the E1 region of Ad5, was used to infect BRK cells. The kinetics of expression of the T antigens were similar to those of the 12S polypeptides. Infection with Ad5.SV4 also resulted in the induction of cellular DNA synthesis and cell proliferation at levels similar to those observed with the 12S virus. However, infection with Ad5.SVR4 resulted in cells that had lost some of their epithelial cell characteristics and were fully transformed. Thus, although the early cellular events induced by the two genes were similar, they did not yield the same final cellular phenotype.
Modeling and Design of RF Amplifiers for Envelope Tracking WCDMA Base-Station Applications (2009)

Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) base-station RF amplifiers using a variety of device technologies including GaN field-effect transistors (FETs), Si LDMOS, and GaAs high-voltage heterojunction bipolar transistors (HVHBTs) are modeled, optimized, and compared for use in wideband envelope tracking (ET) system. A quasi-static approach is employed to effectively model the supply-modulated RF amplifiers, and thus facilitate the design optimization process. A new design methodology for ET RF amplifiers is introduced including identification of optimum fundamental and harmonic terminations. The fundamental and harmonic impedances have been successfully optimized for various RF devices and good agreement has been achieved between the simulation and measurement results. Among the modeled and measured ET RF amplifiers, a GaAs HVHBT exhibits the best overall efficiency of 60% with an average output power of 33 W and a gain of 10 dB for a WCDMA signal with 3.84-MHz bandwidth and 7.7-dB peak-to-average power ratio, while meeting all linearity requirements of the WCDMA standard. Desirable device characteristics for optimum ET operation are also discussed.
Calculation of Attention Points Using 3D Cues (2012)

Attention points are an effective means to tackle scene complexity, for example for grasping objects in a table scene. One way to obtain attention points is from a saliency map. Inspired by findings from preattentive human vision we investigated 3D cues to build a new type of saliency map. We implemented two 3D cues - one based on surface height and the other based on relative surface orientation. To evaluate the approach we built up an RGB-D (colour and depth) image database with table scenes of different complexity. We compared results of our algorithm to the classical 2D Itti-Koch-Niebur saliency map. In all types of scenes 3D cues showed better results than using 2D cues only.
Measurement Selection and Diagnosability of Complex Physical Systems (1997)

Functional redundancy techniques in diagnosis rely on models of a system to infer deviating system variables without directly measuring them. To avoid an overwhelming or excessive number of observations and unnecessary cost, it is important to establish a minimal number of required observations to achieve a certain degree of diagnosability. Complete diagnosability allows for unique isolation of faults. In general, fault effects propagate to affect multiple system variables, but different faults impose different temporal signatures on the measurements. However, faults may cascade, or propagating effects often trigger compensating mechanisms which may mask the original fault signature. These aggregate behaviors make it hard to reliably determine the initial fault. For dynamic, continuous systems, it is important to quickly isolate faults by using more observations, thus reducing the chance for unique signatures to be masked by other effects. The trade-off between lesser observations and quick fault isolation is investigated in this work, and a measurement selection algorithm is presented to derive a minimal set of measurements to achieve complete diagnosability.
Restudy of "dimethylstibinoborine" (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleRestudy of "dimethylstibinoborine"Anton B. BurgCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 1, 217–218Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50167a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50167a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The antioxidant and pro‐oxidant activity of vitamin C and trolox <i>in vitro</i>: a comparative study (2007)

The antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and the water-soluble analogue of alpha-tocopherol (trolox) were compared. Trolox has advantages over alpha-tocopherol, the latter being only lipid-soluble due to the presence of a carboxyl group in lieu of a phytol chain which imparts trolox with water solubility. Trolox is used as a standard antioxidant in biochemical studies against which the antioxidant capacity of compounds is compared. Although ascorbic acid and tocopherols possess strong antioxidant properties, they might also exhibit pro-oxidant properties in the presence of free transition metals. Thus, reactions detailed in this study were performed in the presence of Cr(VI) in an effort to investigate the potential of ascorbic acid and trolox to generate hydroxyl radicals in a Fenton-like reaction. Results obtained were derived from reactions containing the same concentration of ascorbic acid and trolox under identical experimental conditions. Hydroxyl radical formation was observed in the reaction of Cr(VI) with ascorbic acid resulting from ascorbic acid auto-oxidation and H2O2 formation. Hydroxyl radical formation was only detected in the reaction mixture containing Cr(VI) and trolox following the addition of H2O2.
Computer Graphics: Conversion of Contour Line Definitions Into Polygonal Element Mosaics (1977)

There has been a disparity between the conventional method of describing topographic surfaces (i.e. contour line definition) and a format of surface description often used in continuous-line computer graphics (i.e. panel definition). The two differ enough that conversion from contours to panels is not a trivial problem. A computer program that performs such a conversion would greatly facilitate continuous tone display of topographical surfaces, or any other surface which is defined by contour lines. This problem has been addressed by Keppel and alluded to by Fuchs. Keppel's is a highly systematic approach in which he uses graph theory to find the panel arrangement which maximizes the volume enclosed by concave surfaces. Fuchs mentions an approach to the problem as part of an algorithm to reconstruct a surface from data retrieved from a laser scan sensor. This thesis elaborates on a general conversion system. Following a brief overview of computer graphics, a simple algorithm is described which extracts a panel definition from a pair of adjacent contour loops subject to the restriction that the two loops are similarly sized and shaped, and are mutually centered. Next, a mapping procedure is described which greatly relaxes the above restrictions. It is also shown that the conversion from contours to panels is inherently ambiguous (to various degrees) and that occasionally the ambiguity is great enough to require user interaction to guide the conversion algorithm. An important complication addressed in this thesis is the problem of handling cases where one contour loop branches into two or more (or vice versa). Attention turns next to a contour line definition of the human brain, and special problems encountered in preparing those data for continuous tone display, The final chapters explain the fortran implementation, present an example-problem, and show sample pictures of the brain parts.