gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Solution to Improve the Link Failure Tolerance in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (2006)

An ad hoc network is a mobile wireless network that has no fixed access point or centralized infrastructure. Each node in the network also functions as a mobile router of data packets for other nodes. However, due to node mobility, link failures in such networks are very frequent and render certain standard protocols inefficient resulting in wastage of power and loss in throughput. We propose two solutions to alleviate the problems caused by link failures. Network-Link scheme, deals with preventing `false' link failures and in avoiding actual link failures. The scheme involves predicting a failure in advance by monitoring the power levels of all nodes in communication. On the other hand, the Transport-Link scheme deals with the inability of TCP to distinguish between link failures and congestion. TCP, as such, assumes that a packet loss is due to network congestion and invokes congestion control measures. However, in ad hoc networks, packet loss is most often due to link failures, and the congestion control methods invoked only reduce the throughput. Our second solution informs TCP of a link failure thus allowing it to treat such cases differently. In both cases, we observed an improvement in throughput and power utilization efficiency when compared to standard cases: the Network-Link scheme resulted in an average throughput increase of 1.74 times and the Transport-Network scheme, an average increase of 1.71 times. Both schemes also resulted in a reduction in the percentage of Network layer control packets transmitted, thereby improving power utilization.
Cd26/Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV in Context (1999)

CD26, the T cell activation molecule, is a 110-kD glycoprotein that is also present on epithelial cells of various tissues, including the liver, kidney, and intestine. CD26 possesses a known dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)IV activity in its extracellular domain ([1][1]). A paper by Wesley et al. in this
The weighted likelihood bootstrap and an algorithm for prepivoting (1991)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1991
Biochemistry: A Problems Approach (1981)

When I began teaching as a young assistant professor at Caltech in 1966, my assignment was to take over the un-dergraduate biochemistry course taught for many years by Henry Borsook, who was about to retire. Students dreaded this course. Henry insisted on teaching it at 8 AM, and his ap-proach was largely rote learning—I remember how he used to call bleary-eyed students to the board to draw the structures of amino acids from memory. Having delighted in biochemistry during my graduate training at Stanford, I was determined to put some life and intellectual challenge into the subject but was not sure how to go about it. I began by moving the course to a more civilized hour, which gained me some quick popu-larity but did not address the real problem. I knew I could get students excited about the emerging science of molecular bio-logy, but what about the more classical aspects? Biochemistry
Stock Market Autoregressive Dynamics: A Multinational Comparative Study with Quantile Regression (2016)

We study the nonlinear autoregressive dynamics of stock index returns in seven major advanced economies (G7) and China. The quantile autoregression model (QAR) enables us to investigate the autocorrelation across the whole spectrum of return distribution, which provides more insightful conditional information on multinational stock market dynamics than conventional time series models. The relation between index return and contemporaneous trading volume is also investigated. While prior studies have mixed results on stock market autocorrelations, we find that the dynamics is usually state dependent. The results for G7 stock markets exhibit conspicuous similarities, but they are in manifest contrast to the findings on Chinese stock markets.
The antifungal factors in barley. V. Antifungal activity of the hordatines (1970)

The hordatines, antifungal substances previously isolated from barley seedlings grown in the dark, are also produced under conditions which approximate those in the field. The compounds, and some of their derivatives, inhibit the spore germination of a number of fungi in concentrations as low as 10 −5 M. Inhibition is reversed by the addition of some divalent cations; this observation supports the identity of the hordatines with the natural defense agents of barley which have been demonstrated in earlier work.
ABNORMAL URINARY POTASSIUM METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS (2005)

Our finding of lower urinary K in new, untreated patients supports the concept of abnormal epithelial permeability and K absorption in IC. Higher urinary K in successfully treated vs untreated patients may reflect decreasing urinary K absorption due to mucosal repair and a resulting decrease in epithelial permeability. K/mg Cr appears accurate for normalizing urinary K.
IDENTIFICATION OF KINETIC PARAMETERS IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES (2002)

Advances in sensor technology and increased competition in the pharmaceutical industry have generated significant interest in the identification of models for the solution formation of crystals with multiple characteristic dimensions. A procedure is proposed that uses a small number of batch experiments to identify the kinetic parameters for multidimensional crystallization processes. The parameters are estimated simultaneously from the on-line measurement of infrared spectra and from cross-moments of the crystal size distribution. The identification procedure maximizes the informativeness of the data produced by each experiment, produces an estimate of the accuracy of the kinetic parameters, and allows the consideration of competing hypotheses for characterizing the crystallization kinetics. The parameter identification strategy is applied to the batch crystallization of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which forms two-dimensional crystal from solution. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first time that the kinetic parameters for a multidimensional crystallization process are identified from a small number of batch experiments.
Performance Limitations in Polymer Laser Sintering (2014)

Commercial laser sintering (LS) machines have been used for years in a variety of rapid prototyping applications. Emphasis in the LS research community has moved towards rapid manufacturing: the creation of engineered structural components. However, the mechanical properties of LS parts are often inconsistent compared to their molded counterparts. This is due to a variety of factors including feedstock uniformity, microstructure evolution due to LS processing, and the overall ability of commercial LS machines to reliably form structural parts without thermal degradation of the feedstock powder. This paper will review the current state of the art of commercial LS machines, and discuss the resulting implications for rapid manufacturing. Particular focus will be paid to the role of part bed temperature variations due to non-uniform heating, unsteady cooling due to natural convection currents in the part chamber, and how these and other phenomena may impact the design of laser control systems.
Acquisition techniques for dairy cow gait analysis (2007)

Dairy cattle lameness treatment and control is of major importance in herd health management and productivity. Detecting pre-clinical lameness is a concern but tends to be difficult because of increasing herd size and labour costs. Automation of this detection is the main objective of the presented research project. In this paper the overall approach is explained and several techniques to assess cattle gait are explored. Only techniques which do not require the attachment of sensors or markers to each individual cow are considered. Finally, a first experimental setup for the measurement of both the spatial and the temporal cattle gait characteristics is looked to more closely. For each trial, at least 32 sequential (alternating) “hoof-down” and “hoof-up” events were measured with a camera and the coordinates were calculated. Some first results are discussed.
Unique precursors for the mesenchymal cells involved in injury response and fibrosis (2010)

We investigated an alternative pathway for emergence of the mesenchymal cells involved in epithelial sheet wound healing and a source of myofibroblasts that cause fibrosis. Using a mock cataract surgery model, we discovered a unique subpopulation of polyploid mesenchymal progenitors nestled in small niches among lens epithelial cells that expressed the surface antigen G8 and mRNA for the myogenic transcription factor MyoD. These cells rapidly responded to wounding of the lens epithelium with population expansion, acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype, and migration to the wound edges where they regulate the wound response of the epithelium. These mesenchymal cells also were a principal source of myofibroblasts that emerged following lens injury and were responsible for fibrotic disease of the lens that occurs following cataract surgery. These studies provide insight into the mechanisms of wound-healing and fibrosis.
Phosgenated <i>p</i>-Nitrophenyl(polystyrene)ketoxime or Phoxime Resin. A New Resin for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Ureas via Thermolytic Cleavage of Oxime-Carbamates (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPhosgenated p-Nitrophenyl(polystyrene)ketoxime or Phoxime Resin. A New Resin for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Ureas via Thermolytic Cleavage of Oxime-Carbamates†Mark A. Scialdone, Steven W. Shuey, Paul Soper, Yoshitomo Hamuro, and David M. BurnsView Author Information DuPont Central Research and Development, P.O. Box 80328, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0328 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 14, 4802–4807Publication Date (Web):June 18, 1998Publication History Received4 September 1997Published online18 June 1998Published inissue 1 July 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9716542https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9716542brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views613Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Crystal cleavage,Organic compounds,Organic polymers,Urea Get e-Alerts
A NEW EMISSION TOMOGRAPHIC BODY SCANNER (1980)

Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, Mortimer Street, London W1N 8AA, UK.
Kringle 4 of human apolipoprotein[a] shares a linear antigenic site with human catalase. (1995)

Monoclonal antibody (mab) 1A2, directed against human apolipoprotein[a] (apo[a]), revealed a strong reaction with peroxisomes as shown by immuno-gold labeled cryosections of human liver biopsies. This reactivity was not due to the presence of apo[a] in peroxisomes but to a cross-reactivity of mab 1A2. Immunoblot analysis of peroxisomal fractions and purified human catalase demonstrated that mab 1A2 reacts with catalase. Conversely, an anti-catalase antibody also recognized apo[a]. By sequence comparison we identified a 4-amino acid motif (Y-Y-P-N) that is shared between the highly repetitive kringle 4 motif of apo[a] and the carboxy-terminal third of the peroxisomal marker enzyme catalase. No other identical sequences were identified in these proteins. Results from the following experiments indicated that 1A2 recognizes this short linear epitope. i) Mab 1A2 reacted only with the 4 amino acid peptide sequence in a pin-ELISA using immobilized overlapping peptides. ii) A synthetic peptide including this sequence completely inhibited the 1A2 immunoreactivity to apo[a] and catalase. iii) A recombinant fusion protein tagged with the putative epitope was recognized by mab 1A2. Our findings demonstrate that unknown linear epitopes in native proteins can be identified by sequence comparison between known proteins. The practical implication is that antibodies against apo[a] must be controlled for this cross-reactivity before using them for immunohistochemical studies of intracellular apo[a] in tissues or cells.
Fabrication of Surface Energy/Chemical Gradients Using Self-Assembled Monolayer Surfaces (2008)

Direct laser patterning of surface energy gradients for alkanethiols on gold has been demonstrated. A homogeneous 1-hexadecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold (supported by a glass substrate) was selectively desorbed using a focused laser beam. By continually varying the incident laser intensity along a straight line scan, a gradient in desorption was produced. This desorption gradient was then backfilled with the second SAM (16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid), to produce a wettability gradient. The gradient in wettability was characterized by condensation imaging. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy was also used to show variation of the second SAM population from maximum to zero along the length, representative of the chemical gradient. The hexadecanethiol desorption was found to be the most sensitive in a laser intensity range of 29.15-6.5 kW/cm2. By considering the functional behavior of the governing equations, the theoretical trend for desorption as a function of laser intensity (represented by the out-of-focus distance) was determined. It was found to conform to the experimental data. The proposed method is fast, simple, noncontact, and flexible in terms of producing different types of gradients.
A Deep Learning Approach for Air Pollution Forecasting in South Korea Using Encoder-Decoder Networks & LSTM. (2018)

Tackling air pollution is an imperative problem in South Korea, especially in urban areas, over the last few years. More specially, South Korea has joined the ranks of the world's most polluted countries alongside with other Asian capitals, such as Beijing or Delhi. Much research is being conducted in environmental science to evaluate the dangerous impact of particulate matters on public health. Besides that, deterministic models of air pollutant behavior are also generated; however, this is both complex and often inaccurate. On the contrary, deep recurrent neural network reveals potent potential on forecasting out-comes of time-series data and has become more prevalent. This paper uses Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with Long Short-Term Memory units as a framework for leveraging knowledge from time-series data of air pollution and meteorological information in Daegu, Seoul, Beijing, and Shenyang. Additionally, we use encoder-decoder model, which is similar to machine comprehension problems, as a crucial part of our prediction machine. Finally, we investigate the prediction accuracy of various configurations. Our experiments prevent the efficiency of integrating multiple layers of RNN on prediction model when forecasting far timesteps ahead. This research is a significant motivation for not only continuing researching on urban air quality but also help the government leverage that insight to enact beneficial policies
Processing Methodologies for Polycaprolactone-Hydroxyapatite Composites: A Review (2006)

ABSTRACT Biodegradable implants have shown great promise for the repair of bone defects and have been commonly used as bone substitutes, which traditionally would be treated using metallic implants. The need for a second surgery exacerbated by the stress shielding effect caused by an implant has led researchers to consider more effective, synthetic biodegradable graft substitutes. The hierarchical structures commonly designed are inspired by nature in human bones, which consist of minerals such as hydroxyapatite, a form of calcium phosphate and protein fiber. The bone graft bio-substitutes should possess a combination of properties for the purpose of facilitating cell growth and adhesion, a high degree of porosity, which would facilitate the transfer of nutrients and excretion of the waste products, and the scaffold should have high tensile strength and high toughness in order to be consistent with human tissues. Blending of polycaprolactone and hydroxyapatite has demonstrated great potential as bone subs...
PD pattern recognition for stator bar models with six kinds of characteristic vectors using BP network (2002)

The application of six different kinds of characteristic vectors to recognize PD sources is studied. Four kinds of model bars are used to simulate typical partial discharges in generator stator winding. The PD signals were measured by using a computer aided digital sampling system. The sampling results are processed by six kinds of feature extraction methods and different characteristic vectors are obtained. Then these vectors are used as input patterns for BP network. Recognition results using all six kinds of vectors are reasonable. Further analysis shows that vectors formed by moment features or fractal dimensions possess fairly good abilities of pattern identification and data compression.
An Investigation of Printed Franklin Antennas at X-Band Using Artificial (Metamaterial) Phase-Shifting Lines (2008)

Non-radiating artificial phase-shifting lines are constructed using conventional positive-refractive-index (PRI) transmission lines (TL) and the recently developed negative-refractive-index (NRI) transmission lines. The two types of fully printed artificial lines are used to implement microstrip Franklin antennas. The aim is to provide co-phase excitation to an array of half-wavelength dipoles, which generate a broadside beam at the design frequency. The proposed antenna structures not only retain the benefits of previously published designs but also feature a smaller footprint in the transverse direction. Between the two proposed antenna configurations, the PRI-TL based design allows broadside radiation with minimal beam squinting, while the NRI-TL based design provides a frequency steerable beam. A 14-element antenna array for each configuration is characterized using an intuitive TL model, and the study is experimentally verified at 12 GHz. The measured radiation patterns, directivity, gain, and beam-scanning capability are presented.
Camel milk for food allergies in children. (2005)

These encouraging results should be validated by large-scale clinical trials.
Leaching kinetics of the magnetic fraction of converter matte in sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions (2010)

The kinetic peculiarities of the dissolution of the magnetic fraction of converter matte in H2SO4 (150 g/l) and HCl (200 g/l) solutions are studied in the temperature range of 30–90°C. Under comparable conditions, the dissolution rate of the magnetic fraction of converter matte in HCl solutions is shown to be substantially higher than that in H2SO4 solutions. The kinetic parameters of the processes under study are calculated. It is found that the dissolution of the magnetic fraction of converter matte in a sulfuric acid solution occurs within a diffusion range (E a ∼ 6.5 kcal/mol), whereas the dissolution in a hydrochloric acid solution corresponds to a kinetic range (E a ∼ 15 kcal/mol). Possible mechanisms of the dissolution of the magnetic fraction of converter matte in mineral acid solutions are considered.
A Mild and Highly Selective Deprotective Method of Prenyl Ethers Using Ytterbium Triflate (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Mild and Highly Selective Deprotective Method of Prenyl Ethers Using Ytterbium Triflate†G. V. M. Sharma, A. Ilangovan, and A. K. MahalingamView Author Information Discovery Laboratory, Organic Chemistry Division III, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 24, 9103–9104Publication Date (Web):November 1, 1998Publication History Received13 March 1998Published online1 November 1998Published inissue 1 November 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo9804846https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9804846brief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views585Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Allyl group,Ethers,Organic synthesis,Protective groups,Reagents Get e-Alerts
Induction of apoptosis by berbamine in androgen-independent prostate cancer cell PC-3 in vitro (2007)

Objective To investigate the effects of berbamine on cell proliferation and apoptosis of PC-3 in vitro and the possible mechanisms involved.Methods The A values of PC-3 in each group with various concentrations(10,20,30,40 mg/L)of berhamine at various time intervals(24,48,72 h) were detected with the MTT.The apoptosis rate and cell cycle of the PC-3 cells treated with berbamine were assessed by flow cytometry analysis.Transmission electron microscope was employed for the cell ap- optosis.Immunohistochemical technique was used to determine the expression of bax,bcl-2 and survivin proteins after treatment with berbamine.Results After PC-3 cells were treated with 10,20,30 and 40 mg/L berbamine for 48 h,the inhibition ratio was(13.60±1.49)%,(31.79±2.31)%,(54.16±3.09)% and(63.72±2.46)% respectively(compared with the controls,P0.05).Cell proliferation of prostate cancer cell PC-3 was markedly inhibited by berbamine in a time-and-dose dependent manner.Af- ter PC-3 cells were incubated with 40 mg/L berbamine for 24,48 and 72 h,the cell apoptotic rate was (31.44±3.27)%,(50.32±4.03)% and(63.46±3.75)% respectively(compared with the controls, P0.05).With the increase of berbamine concentration,the ratio of G_0/G_1 and S cells was increased and the ratio of G_2/M was decreased.Under the transmission electron microscopy,the apoptosis body was seen. Immunohistochemical technique showed the expression of bax in the PC-3 cells treated with 40 mg/L of berbamine was significandy increased and survivin significantly decreased(P0.05).There was no sig- nificant changes in the expression of bcl-2(P0.05).Conclusion Berbamine can inhibit the prolifera- tion of PC-3 cells by inducing apoptosis and affecting cell cycle in vitro in a time-and-dose-dependent manner.Berbamine induces apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of survivin protein and up-regula- ting the expression of bax protein.