gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of antisense osteopontin RNA inhibits tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation of mouse JB6 epidermal cells. (1995)

Elevated expression of osteopontin (OPN), a secreted adhesive phosphoglycoprotein, is frequently associated with many transformed cell lines of epithelial and stromal origin. Moreover, several clonal lines of preneoplastic JB6 cells derived from Balb/c mouse epidermal cultures (Colburn et al., 1978, 1979), upon treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), become irreversibly oncogenic and concomitantly synthesize OPN at elevated levels (Smith and Denhardt, 1989). In the present study we sought to determine whether OPN expression facilitates transformation of such preneoplastic (initiated) cells. We transfected TPA-promotable JB6 c141.5a cells with an expression vector containing mouse OPN cDNA in antisense orientation under transcriptional control of dexamethasone-inducible MMTV-LTR promoter. Four stably transfected clones, which expressed drastically reduced levels of OPN in the presence of both dexamethasone and TPA, were characterized. We found that (a) more than 20 copies of OPN antisense cDNA were stably incorporated into the genome of cells from two of these clones that were examined by Southern blot analysis; (b) dexamethasone-induced expression of antisense OPN RNA prevented augmented OPN expression at both mRNA and protein levels following TPA treatment; and (c) cells from all four clones failed to form colonies in soft agar medium containing both dexamethasone and TPA. Taken together, these data demonstrate that inhibition of elevated OPN expression blocks TPA-induced anchorage-independent growth of JB6 c141.5a cells, suggesting the possibility that OPN overproduction is causally related to transformation of preneoplastic cells.
Few-Mode Multicore Fiber With 36 Spatial Modes (Three Modes (LP$_{\bf 01}$ , LP$_{\bf 11a}$, LP$_{\bf 11b}$) × 12 Cores) (2014)

The design and characteristics of a novel three-mode 12-core fiber are demonstrated. This fiber has low intercore crosstalk (IC-XT) and low differential mode group delay (DMD). In order to produce such a fiber, three new techniques are introduced to few-mode multicore fiber. A heterogeneous core arrangement with two types of cores, is used to minimize IC-XT; a multistep index, which can control DMD without sacrificing intermode crosstalk, is adopted as a core profile to reduce DMD; and a square lattice structure allows for the inclusion of 12 cores within a cladding diameter of 230 μm. Optimum design of the fiber using these techniques is determined from calculations. Finally, detailed characteristics of a three-mode 12-core fiber based on the design are reported. A fabricated 40-km fiber is confirmed to have a DMD of less than |530| ps/km over the C + L band and an estimated worst-case IC-XT of less than -55 dB/100 km at 1550 nm. This low IC-XT allows for the transmission of 32 QAM signals.
Observation of Larmor spin precession of laser-cooled Rb atoms via paramagnetic Faraday rotation (1999)

We have observed Larmor spin precession in the ground state of laser-cooled ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms through paramagnetic Faraday rotation. We have been able to obtain a precision of $18\mathrm{pT}$ in the determination of the applied magnetic field, which proves the usefulness of laser-cooled atoms as an atomic magnetometer.
[Structural and serologic characteristics of O-specific polysaccharides of Hafnia alvei PCM 1185 and 1199]. (1996)

This work describes results of studies of O-specific oligosaccharide repeating units from lipopolysaccharides of two related Hafnia alvei serotypes. The linkage between O-antigen and the core region in PCM 1199 LPS has been also established. The O-acetyl residues present in the polysaccharides are involved in formation of epitopes.
Abstract 290: Low Minute Ventilation Volume During CPR Disturbs the Relationship between End-Tidal CO2 and Coronary Perfusion Pressure (2013)

End-tidal CO 2 (ETCO 2 ) is important for monitoring CPR quality as a surrogate for coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and flow. We hypothesized that sufficient minute volume ventilation is not only needed to control CO 2 buildup, but also for the exhaled CO 2 to CPP relationship to remain valid. To test our hypothesis, we measured minute volume ventilation together with CPP, arterial PCO 2 (PaCO 2 ), and ETCO 2 in a pig model. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 24 pigs, after which automated CPR (5 cm, 100 cpm) followed for 20 minutes. Animals were ventilated manually using a bag-mask-valve, either continuously at 10 min -1 (group 1, n=8) or 30:2 mode (group 2, n=16). Correlation coefficients between CPP and ETCO 2 were calculated for each pig during the CPR interval. Minute volume ventilation during CPR was 3.4 ± 1.0 L/min for group 1 and 2.2 ± 0.3 L/min for group 2 pigs. In group 1, PaCO 2 changed little during CPR (41.1 ± 7.6 mmHg initially vs. 38.6 ± 16.5 mmHg at 20 minutes), indicating suitable minute volume ventilation. ETCO 2 decreased concurrently with CPP. The correlation coefficient between CPP and ETCO 2 was 0.52 ± 0.39. Group 2 pigs showed a large increase in PaCO 2 (49.8 ± 6.6 mmHg initially vs. 58.0 ± 13.6 mmHg at 20 minutes), consistent with small minute volume ventilation. This increase in PaCO 2 was accompanied by a progressively increasing ETCO 2 , while the CPP consistently decreased. The CPP to ETCO 2 correlation coefficient showed a low, but negative (-0.18 ± 0.51) relationship, strongly supporting that the indicator function of ETCO 2 was lost. The figure shows an example. In conclusion, insufficient ventilation affects ETCO 2 and can disturb the relationship between ETCO 2 and CPR quality as measured by CPP. This is reminiscent of hyperventilation effects. Ventilation minute volumes should therefore be monitored, and hypoventilation avoided, to prevent clinical misinterpretation of ETCO 2 values.
Geophysical constraints on crustal structure in the Dalradian region of Scotland (1985)

The crust in the region of the Dalradian outcrop in Scotland is 25–35 km thick and may be divided into two areas separated by the NW–SE Cruachan Lineament. To the NE the crust is dominated by late Caledonian granites which give rise to surface topography isostatically compensated at shallow depth. To the SW, thick Dalradian sediments formed in an extensional basin later subjected to crustal shortening of 70–100 km achieved by zigzag obduction. Physical parameters of the deep crust are compatible with metamorphic grade increasing downwards except that the basic lower crust may be partly retrogressed and contain free water.
A cohort study of the impact of perinatal drug use on prematurity in an inner-city population. (1992)

Perinatal illicit drug use was determined by anonymously testing the urine of 1111 inner-city parturients. Fourteen percent tested positive, 11.5% for cocaine. As determined by self-report or by positive test results, 17% used drugs. Twenty-eight percent of low birthweights and 20% of premature births in this group were attributable to drug use. Risk of prematurity was reduced by a factor of 2 to 3 with adequate prenatal care. These data suggest an enormous potential for improving perinatal health.
ERV3 and Related Sequences in Humans: Structure and RNA Expression (2005)

The ERV3 locus at chromosome 7q11 is a much studied human endogenous retroviral (HERV) sequence, owing to an env open reading frame (ORF) and placental RNA and protein expression. An analysis of the human genome demonstrated that ERV3 is one of a group of 41 highly related elements (ERV3-like HERVs) which use proline, isoleucine, or arginine tRNA in their primer binding sites. In addition to elements closely related to ERV3, the group included the previously known retinoic acid-inducible element, RRHERVI, also referred to as HERV15, but was separate from the related HERV-E elements. The ERV3-like elements are defective. The only element with an ORF among gag, pro, pol, and env genes was the env ORF of the original ERV3 locus. A search in dbEST revealed ERV3 RNA expression in placenta, skin, carcinoid tumor, and adrenal glands. Expression was also studied with newly developed real-time quantitative PCRs (QPCR) of ERV3 and HERV-E(4-1) env sequences. Results from a novel histone 3.3 RNA QPCR result served as the expression control. QPCR results for ERV3 were compatible with previously published results, with a stronger expression in adrenal gland and placenta than in 15 other human tissues. The expression of the envelope (env) of ERV3 at chromosome 7q11 was also studied by using stringent in situ hybridization. Expression was found in corpus luteum, testis, adrenal gland, Hassal's bodies in thymus, brown fat, pituitary gland, and epithelium of the lung. We conclude that ERV3 env is most strongly expressed in adrenal and sebaceous glands as well as in placenta.
On IRIE Vol. 28 (2020)

CEO of the software company QUIBIQ (Stuttgart) who hosted the journal.During fifteen years the editors
Tetracycline-Chelated Mg<sup>2+</sup> Ion Initiates Helix Unwinding in Tet Repressor Induction<sup>,</sup> (1998)

The homodimeric tetracycline repressor (TetR) regulates resistance to the antibiotic tetracycline at the transcriptional level. TetR binds in the absence of Tc to palindromic operator sequences utilizing two helix-turn-helix (HTH) motifs. If the tetracycline-Mg2+ complex [MgTc]+ enters two identical binding tunnels buried within the TetR homodimer, a conformational change takes place, and the induced [TetR/[MgTc]+]2 complex releases operator DNA. To demonstrate the contribution of Mg2+ to [MgTc]+ binding and TetR induction, the Mg2+ concentration in the induced TetR homodimer was progressively reduced by addition of EDTA, resulting in two X-ray crystal structures of Mg2+-free and half-occupied TetR(D). Tc remains bound to the [MgTc]+-binding sites, despite the complete or partial absence of Mg2+. Together with inducer-free TetR(D), the structures were refined to between 2.2 and 2.7 A resolution and compared with fully induced TetR(D) in complex with two [MgTc]+. Each inducer binding tunnel has three constituent parts, one hydrophobic and two hydrophilic ones. One of the hydrophilic contact areas binds Tc by hydrogen bonding; the hydrophobic region correctly positions Tc and partially closes the entrance to the binding tunnel; the second hydrophilic region coordinates Mg2+, transduces the induction signal, and completes the process of closing the tunnel entrance. Tc confers binding specificity to TetR while Mg2+ is primarily responsible for induction: After binding to the imidazole Nepsilon of His100, Mg2+ is octahedrally coordinated to the 1,3-ketoenolate group of Tc and to three water molecules. One of these waters forms a hydrogen bond to the hydroxyl group Ogamma of Thr103. The induced 2.5 A movement of Thr103 results in the partial unwinding of helix alpha6, associated with a lateral shift of helices alpha4 and alpha9. They simultaneously close the tunnel entrance and cause the DNA-binding domains to adopt a nonbinding conformation, leading to release of operator DNA and expression of the genes responsible for resistance.
Generation of Fourier-transform-limited 35-ns pulses with a ramp-hold-fire seeding technique in a Ti:sapphire laser (2001)

We report on an injection-seeded Ti:sapphire laser pumped by the second harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser. The resonance between the low-power seed laser and the slave cavity is achieved by a ramp-hold-fire technique. Because of the triangular cavity design, the spatial beam profile is excellent; and combined with the narrow-linewidth pulses, the conversion efficiencies for nonlinear frequency generation are excellent.
Fast neutron resonance radiography for elemental imaging: theory and applications (2002)

Fast neutron resonance radiography (NRR) has been devised as an elemental imaging method with applications such as contraband detection and mineral analysis. In NRR, a two-dimensional (2-D) elemental mapping of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and the sum of other elements is obtained from fast neutron radiographic images, taken at different neutron energies and chosen to cover the resonance cross-section features of one or more elements. Images are formed using a lens-coupled plastic scintillator charged coupled device (CCD) combination. In preliminary experiments, we have produced NRR images of various simulants using a variable energy beam based on the Li(p,n)Be reaction and a variable energy proton beam. As an alternative to this method, we have studied NRR imaging using the D-D reaction, d(d,He)n, at fixed incident D energy and scanning through various neutron energies by using the angular variation in neutron energy. The object and detector rotate together around the neutron source; different energy (2-6 MeV) neutrons can be obtained at different angles from the target. The radiographic transmission image provides a 2-D mapping of the sum of elemental contents (weighted by the attenuation coefficients). Transmission measurements taken at different neutron energies (angles) then form a set of linear equations, which can then be solved to map individual elemental contents.
Cdc42 Is Required for Proper Growth and Development in the Fungal Pathogen <i>Colletotrichum trifolii</i> (2006)

Cdc42 is a highly conserved small GTP-binding protein that is involved in regulating morphogenesis in eukaryotes. In this study, we isolated and characterized a highly conserved Cdc42 gene from Colletotrichum trifolii (CtCdc42), a fungal pathogen of alfalfa. CtCdc42 is, at least in part, functionally equivalent to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc42p, since it restores the temperature-sensitive phenotype of a yeast Cdc42p mutant. Inhibition of CtCdc42 by expression of an antisense CtCdc42 or a dominant negative form of CtCdc42 (DN Cdc42) resulted in appressorium differentiation under noninductive conditions, suggesting that CtCdc42 negatively regulates pathogenic development in this fungus. We also examined the possible linkage between CtCdc42 and Ras signaling. Expression of a dominant active Cdc42 (DA Cdc42) in C. trifolii leads to aberrant hyphal growth under nutrient-limiting conditions. This phenotype was similar to that of our previously reported dominant active Ras (DA Ras) mutant. Also consistent with our observations of the DA Ras mutant, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in the DA Cdc42 mutant, and proline restored the wild-type phenotype. Moreover, overexpression of DN Cdc42 resulted in a significant decrease in spore germination, virtually no hyphal branching, and earlier sporulation, again similar to what we observed in a dominant negative Ras (DN Ras) mutant strain. Interestingly, coexpression of DA Cdc42 with DN Ras resulted in germination rates close to wild-type levels, while coexpression of DN Cdc42 with the DA Ras mutant restored the wild-type phenotype. These data suggest that CtCdc42 is positioned as a downstream effector of CtRas to regulate spore germination and pathogenic development.
A hierarchical approach to interactive motion editing for human-like figures (1999)

Article A hierarchical approach to interactive motion editing for human-like figures Share on Authors: Jehee Lee Computer Science Department, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusung-gu, Taejon, Republic of Korea Computer Science Department, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusung-gu, Taejon, Republic of KoreaView Profile , Sung Yong Shin Computer Science Department, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusung-gu, Taejon, Republic of Korea Computer Science Department, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 373-1 Kusung-dong Yusung-gu, Taejon, Republic of KoreaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '99: Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesJuly 1999 Pages 39–48https://doi.org/10.1145/311535.311539Published:01 July 1999 328citation2,693DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations328Total Downloads2,693Last 12 Months85Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Effect of Anti-CXCL10 Monoclonal Antibody on Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Keratitis and Retinal Infection (2003)

The inflammatory response to acute ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in mice involves the innate and adaptive immune response, with an associated increase in the secretion of chemokines, including CXCL10 (interferon-inducible protein 10 kDa [IP-10]). Neutralizing antibodies to mouse CXCL10 were used to determine the role of CXCL10 during the acute phase of HSV-1 ocular infection. Treatment of HSV-1-infected mice with antibody to CXCL10 significantly reduced CXCL10 levels in the eye and trigeminal ganglion and reduced mononuclear cell infiltration into the corneal stroma. These results coincided with reduced ICAM-1 and CXCR3 transcript expression, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and CXCL10 levels, and corneal pathology but increased viral titers in the stroma and trigeminal ganglion. Progression of the virus from the corneal stroma to the retina during acute infection was significantly hindered in anti-CXCL10-treated mice. In addition, colocalization of viral antigen with infiltrating leukocytes in the iris and retina during acute infection suggests that one means by which HSV-1 traffics to the retina involves inflammatory cells (primarily CD11b(+) cells). Collectively, the results suggest that CXCL10 expression in the eye initially orchestrates the inflammatory response to acute HSV-1 infection, which facilitates the spread of the virus to other restricted sites within the eye.
A Survey of Web Caching and Prefetching (2011)

Web caching and prefetching are the most popular techniques that play a key role in improving the Web performance by keeping web objects that are likely to be visited in the near future closer to the client. Web caching can work independently or integrated with the web prefetching. The Web caching and prefetching can complement each other since the web caching exploits the temporal locality for predicting revisiting requested objects, while the web prefetching utilizes the spatial locality for predicting next related web objects of the requested Web objects. This paper reviews principles and some existing web caching and prefetching approaches. The conventional and intelligent web caching techniques are investigated and discussed. Moreover, Web prefetching techniques are summarized and classified with comparison limitations of these approaches. This paper also presents and discusses some studies that take into consideration impact of integrating both web caching and web prefetching together.
Quartz Crystal Microbalance:  A Useful Tool for Studying Thin Polymer Films and Complex Biomolecular Systems at the Solution−Surface Interface (2003)

The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a simple, cost effective, high-resolution mass sensing technique, based upon the piezoelectric effect. As a methodology, the QCM evolved a solution measurement capability in largely analytical chemistry and electrochemistry applications due to its sensitive solution-surface interface measurement capability. The technique possesses a wide detection range. At the low mass end, it can detect monolayer surface coverage by small molecules or polymer films. At the upper end, it is capable of detecting much larger masses bound to the surface. These can be complex arrays of biopolymers and biomacromolecules, even whole cells. In addition, the QCM can provide information about the energy dissipating properties of the bound surface mass. Another important and unique feature of the technique is the ability to measure mass and energy dissipation properties of films while simultaneously carrying out electrochemistry on solution species or upon film systems bound to the upper electrode on the oscillating quartz crystal surface. These measurements can describe the course of electropolymerization of a film or can reveal ion or solute transport within a film during changes in the film environment or state, including the oxidation state for an electroactive film driven by the underlying surface potential. The past decade has witnessed an explosive growth in the application of the QCM technique to the study of a wide range of molecular systems at the solution-surface interface, in particular, biopolymer and biochemical systems. In this report, we start with a brief historical and technical overview. Then we discuss the application of the QCM technique to measurements involving micellar systems, self-assembling monolayers and their phase transition behavior, molecularly imprinted polymers, chemical sensors, films formed using the layer-by-layer assembly technique, and biopolymer films and point out the utility of the electrochemical capabilities of the technique to characterizing film properties, especially electroactive polymer films. We also describe the wide range of surface chemistries and attachment strategies used by investigators to bring about surface attachment and multi-layer interactions of these thin film systems. Next we review the wide range of recent applications of the technique to: studies of complex biochemical and biomimetic systems, the creation of protein and nucleic acid biosensors, studies of attached living cells and whole cell biosensor applications. Finally, we discuss future technical directions and applications of the QCM technique to areas such as drug discovery.
An Analysis of Performance Measures for Binary Classifiers (2011)

If one is given two binary classifiers and a set of test data, it should be straightforward to determine which of the two classifiers is the superior. Recent work, however, has called into question many of the methods heretofore accepted as standard for this task. In this paper, we analyze seven ways of determining if one classifier is better than another, given the same test data. Five of these are long established and two are relative newcomers. We review and extend work showing that one of these methods is clearly inappropriate, and then conduct an empirical analysis with a large number of datasets to evaluate the real-world implications of our theoretical analysis. Both our empirical and theoretical results converge strongly towards one of the newer methods.
Total Synthesis of Peruvianine, a Phenolic 7-Oxoaprophine Alkaloid of Telitoxicum peruvianum (1993)

Penvianine, a phenolic 7-oxoaporphine alkaloid from Telitoxicum -, has been synthesized via photo-Pschorr cyclization of an aminophenol precursor.Penvianine, isolated from Telitoxicum (Menispermaceae), was assigned structure (1) on spectral grounds in 1981.lThe alkaloid is therefore one of the small family of phenolic 7-oxoaporphine~.~We now report confmtion of structure (1) by total synthesis of penvianine.Syntheses of only a few phenolic 7-oxoaporphine alkaloids have been reported, using three approaches: A) oxidation/selective demethylation of nonphenolic aporphine alkaloids; thus photooxidation and hydrolysis of the acetyl group converted 2 [from selective demethylation of dehydroglaucine (3)] to oxolirioferine (4),3 and arosine ( 5 ) and arosinine (6) were produced by thermolysis of 7;4 B) photocyclization of phenolic obromohenzylisoquinolines or oxidized derivatives, as in the syntheses of atheroline (8) and glaunine (9) from 1 0 , ~, ~ and of oxolirioferine (4) by photocyclization of 1 1 ; ~ C) Pschorr ring closure, with autoxidation if necessary, of O-benzyl-protected o-aminobenzyl-(or o-aminobenzoyl)isoquinolines, as in the synthesis of atheroline (8) from 1 z7 and of subsessiline (1 3) from 14.10, 987.