gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soft timers (2000)

This paper proposes and evaluates soft timers, a new operating system facility that allows the efficient scheduling of software events at agranularity down to tens of microseconds. Soft timers can be used to avoid interrupts and reduce context switches associated with network processing, without sacrificing low communication delays. More specifically, soft timers enable transport protocols like TCP to efficiently perform rate-based clocking of packet transmissions. Experiments indicate that soft timers allow a server to employ rate-based clocking with little CPU overhead (2-6%) at high aggregate bandwidths. Soft timers can also be used to perform network polling, which eliminates network interrupts and increases the memory access locality of the network subsystem without sacrificing delay. Experiments show that this technique can improve the throughput of a Web server by up to 25%.
Is Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis Safe After Full-Dose Intravenous Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Ischemic Stroke? (2006)

IAT therapy after full-dose IV rt-PA in patients with persisting occlusion and/or lack of clinical improvement appears safe compared with IV rt-PA alone or low-dose IV rt-PA followed by IAT. A high rate of recanalization and favorable outcome can be achieved.
Effects of live cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus (strains NP45 and NP51) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii on performance, carcass, and intestinal characteristics, and Escherichia coli strain O157 shedding of finishing beef steers (2003)

In Exp. 1, 240 beef steers (initial BW = 332.8 kg) were used to determine the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) plus Propionibacterium freudenreichii (PF) on performance, carcass, and intestinal characteristics; serum IgA concentrations; and the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 (EC). Cattle were fed a steam-flaked corn-based, 92% concentrate diet, and the four direct-fed microbial (DFM) treatments (12 pens/treatment) included in a randomized complete block design were as follows: 1) control, lactose carrier only (CON); 2) 1 x 10(9) cfu of LA NP51 plus 1 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP45 plus 1 x 10(9) cfu of PF NP24 per animal daily (LA45-51H); 3) 1 x 10(9) cfu of LA NP51 plus 1 x 10(9) cfu of PF NP24 per animal daily (LA51); and 4) 1 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP51 plus 1 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP45 plus 1 x 10(9) cfu of PF NP24 per animal daily (LA45-51L). No differences (P > 0.10) were detected for pen-based performance data. The average lamina propria thickness for LA51 and LA45-51H steers was less (P = 0.02) than the average for CON and LA45-51L steers. Moreover, LA51 and LA45-51H steers had a lower (P = 0.06) prevalence of EC shedding than CON and LA45-51L steers. In Exp. 2, 660 steers fed 91% concentrate, steam-flaked corn-based diets were used to determine the effects of the following DFM treatments (10 pens/treatment) on performance, carcass, and intestinal characteristics: 1) control, lactose carrier only (CON); 2) 5 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP51 plus 5 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP45 plus 1 x 10(9) cfu of PF NP24 per animal daily (LA45-51L); and 3) 1 x 10(9) cfu of LA NP51 plus 5 x 10(6) cfu of LA NP45 plus 1 x 10(9) cfu of PF NP24 per animal daily (LA45-51H). Steers were from two weight groups (WG). One group (SDOF; BW at arrival = 351.5 kg) had grazed before arrival, and the other group (LDOF; BW at arrival = 314 kg) had been in a grower yard. A split plot was used with WG as the whole-plot factor and DFM in the split plot. There was an interaction of WG and DFM for ADG (P = 0.05) and for carcass-adjusted ADG (P = 0.08). The simple-effect ADG and carcass-adjusted ADG means for DFM treatments differed (P < or = 0.01) between WG classifications. Within SDOF, ADG for CON and LA45-51L did not differ (P = 0.70), but both were less (P < or = 0.08) than for LA45-51H. Overall, these data indicate that live cultures of LA plus PF did not greatly affect feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Some of the DFM used decreased fecal EC shedding, which might be related to the results for ileal lamina propria thickness.
The Human DNA Ligase III Gene Encodes Nuclear and Mitochondrial Proteins (1999)

We provide evidence that the human DNA ligase III gene encodes a mitochondrial form of this enzyme. First, the DNA ligase III cDNA contains an in-frame ATG located upstream from the putative translation initiation start site. The DNA sequence between these two ATG sites encodes an amphipathic helix similar to previously identified mitochondrial targeting peptides. Second, recombinant green fluorescent protein harboring this sequence at its amino terminus was efficiently targeted to the mitochondria of Cos-1 monkey kidney cells. In contrast, native green fluorescent protein distributed to the cytosol. Third, a series of hemagglutinin-DNA ligase III minigene constructs were introduced into Cos-1 cells, and immunocytochemistry was used to determine subcellular localization of the epitope-tagged DNA ligase III protein. These experiments revealed that inactivation of the upstream ATG resulted in nuclear accumulation of the DNA ligase III protein, whereas inactivation of the downstream ATG abolished nuclear localization and led to accumulation within the mitochondrial compartment. Fourth, mitochondrial protein extracts prepared from human cells overexpressing antisense DNA ligase III mRNA possessed substantially less DNA ligase activity than did mitochondrial extracts prepared from control cells. DNA end-joining activity was also substantially reduced in extracts prepared from antisense mRNA-expressing cells. From these results, we conclude that the human DNA ligase III gene encodes both nuclear and mitochondrial enzymes. DNA ligase plays a central role in DNA replication, recombination, and DNA repair. Thus, identification of a mitochondrial form of this enzyme provides a tool with which to dissect mammalian mitochondrial genome dynamics.
Recombination Every Day: Abundant Recombination in a Virus during a Single Multi-Cellular Host Infection (2005)

Viral recombination can dramatically impact evolution and epidemiology. In viruses, the recombination rate depends on the frequency of genetic exchange between different viral genomes within an infected host cell and on the frequency at which such co-infections occur. While the recombination rate has been recently evaluated in experimentally co-infected cell cultures for several viruses, direct quantification at the most biologically significant level, that of a host infection, is still lacking. This study fills this gap using the cauliflower mosaic virus as a model. We distributed four neutral markers along the viral genome, and co-inoculated host plants with marker-containing and wild-type viruses. The frequency of recombinant genomes was evaluated 21 d post-inoculation. On average, over 50% of viral genomes recovered after a single host infection were recombinants, clearly indicating that recombination is very frequent in this virus. Estimates of the recombination rate show that all regions of the genome are equally affected by this process. Assuming that ten viral replication cycles occurred during our experiment-based on data on the timing of coat protein detection-the per base and replication cycle recombination rate was on the order of 2 x 10(-5) to 4 x 10(-5). This first determination of a virus recombination rate during a single multi-cellular host infection indicates that recombination is very frequent in the everyday life of this virus.
miR-411 is up-regulated in FSHD myoblasts and suppresses myogenic factors (2013)

The study demonstrated that miR-411 was differentially expressed in FSHD myoblasts and may play a role in regulating myogenesis.
The receptor repertoire defines the host range for attaching Escherichia coli strains that recognize globo-A (1991)

Escherichia coli strains which colonize the human urinary tract express lectins specific for different members of the globoseries of glycolipids, e.g., globotetraosylceramide and globo-A. This study investigated the importance of globo-A expression for attachment to human uroepithelial cells, colonization of the urinary tract, and severity of urinary tract infection. The expression of receptor-active glycolipids by erythrocytes and epithelial cells was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and bacterial overlay as well as by bacterial binding to those cells. The epithelial expression of the globo-A receptor was restricted to individuals of blood group A with a positive secretor state. Consequently, globo-A binding E. coli strains attached only to epithelial cells from these individuals. In contrast, globoside-recognizing strains attached in similar numbers to uroepithelial cells regardless of the ABH blood group and secretor state of the donor. The role of host receptor expression for infection with globo-A-specific E. coli was analyzed in 1,473 children with urinary tract infections. All those infected with strains exclusively expressing globo-A-specific adhesins were found to be of blood group A, compared with 45% in the population at large (P less than 0.006). The inflammatory response (fever, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) of individuals infected with these strains was lower than that in individuals with infections caused by globoside binding strains. The results demonstrate the importance of fitness between host receptors and bacterial adhesins for infection and suggest that minor receptor epitope differences have profound effects on the disease process.
Yellow‐Emitting <scp> <scp>Y</scp> </scp> <sub>3</sub> <scp> <scp>Si</scp> </scp> <sub>6</sub> <scp> <scp>N</scp> </scp> <sub>11</sub> : <scp> <scp>Ce</scp> </scp> <sup>3+</sup> Phosphors for White Light–Emitting Diodes ( <scp>LED</scp> s) (2013)

A novel Y 3− x Si 6 N 11 : x Ce 3+ yellow phosphor was synthesized using the carbothermal reduction and nitridition method at 1550°C for 16 h in this letter. Photoluminescence spectra indicated that the phosphor showed broad excitation spectrum and had strong absorption in range of 350–450 nm. It also gave a broad emission band (Full width at half maximum = 153 nm) centered at 575 nm under 425‐nm excitation. With increasing Ce 3+ concentration, the strongest emission intensity was obtained at 5 mol% Ce 3+ doping amount and a systematic redshift was observed as the Ce 3+ concentration increased. The results indicate that this novel yellow phosphor is a promising candidate for using in blue‐chip‐excited white light–emitting diodes ( LED s).
Performance Evaluation of Content Distribution in Hybrid CDN-P2P Network (2008)

Hybrid content distribution network (HCDN), integrating complementary advantages of CDN and P2P, is used to improve efficiency of large-scale content distribution. In this paper, to achieve in-depth understanding of HCDN¿s effectiveness, we carry out a detailed performance evaluation based on deterministic fluid model. We also provide numeric results of HCDN, comparing with conventional CDN and P2P. Some performance metrics are taken into account in our analysis, such as the evolution of the number of seeds and downlowders, the service capacity of system and the average downloading time.
Design techniques for MOS switched capacitor ladder filters (1978)

Design techniques for monolithic, high-precision, MOS sampled-data active-ladder filters are described. Switched capacitor integrators are used to implement the "leapfrog" configuration for simulating doubly terminated LC ladder networks. Techniques are presented for designing all-pole low-pass filters, as well as methods for including transmission zeros. An approach for implementing bandpass filters is described which is derived from the conventional low-pass-to-bandpass transformation. Monolithic realizations for two different low-pass filters are briefly described which show excellent agreement with theory.
A VLSI Implementation of Barrel Distortion Correction for Wide-Angle Camera Images (2009)

Wide-angle cameras are widely used in surveillance and medical imaging applications nowadays. Images captured by wide-angle lens suffer from barrel distortion which means that the outer regions of the image are compressed more than the inner one. A low-cost high-speed VLSI implementation for barrel distortion correction is presented in this brief. In our simulation, the proposed circuit can achieve 200 MHz with 45 K gate counts by using TSMC 0.18 mum technology. Compared with the previous distortion correction design, our circuit requires less hardware cost and achieves faster working speed.
Integration of IEEE STD.11149.1 and mixed-signal test architectures (2002)

It is shown that the TMS pin of IEEE Std. 1149.1 can also be-used for providing stimulus during analog measurements using the architectures of [Park93] and [Lu94]. This results in the saving of one test pin for these architectures. Simulation results show that mixed-signal testing can be safely performed using the new approach without compromising the effectiveness of the approaches of [Park93] and [Lu94].
A deep-learning-based prediction of refractive error using photorefraction images captured by smartphone: Model Development and Validation Study. (Preprint) (2019)

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Accurately predicting refractive error in children is crucial for detecting amblyopia, which can lead to permanent visual impairment, but is potentially curable if detected early. Various tools have been adopted to more easily screen a larger number of patients for amblyopia risk. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> For efficient screening, easy access to screening tools and an accurate prediction algorithm are the most important factors. In this study, we developed an automated deep-learning-based system to predict the range of refractive error in children (mean age: 4.32±1.87 years) using 305 eccentric photorefraction images captured with a smartphone. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Photorefraction images were divided into seven classes according to their spherical values as measured by cycloplegic refraction. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The trained deep-learning models resulted in an overall accuracy of 81.6%, with the following accuracy for each refractive error class: 80.0% in ≤ -5.0 diopters (D), 77.8% in > -5.0 D and ≤ -3.0 D, 82.0% in > -3.0 D and ≤ -0.5 D, 83.3% in > -0.5 D and < +0.5 D, 82.8% in ≥ +0.5 D and < +3.0 D, 79.3% in ≥ +3.0 D and < +5.0 D, and 75.0% in ≥ +5.0 D. These results indicate that our deep-learning-based system performed sufficiently accurately. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> This study demonstrated the potential for precise smartphone-based prediction systems for refractive error using deep learning and, further, yielded a robust collection of pediatric photorefraction images. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> <p /> </sec>
Ultrasound-mediated targeted drug delivery: recent success and remaining challenges (2012)

The potential clinical value of developing a novel, nonviral, ultrasound-directed gene and drug delivery system is immense. Investigators soon will initiate clinical trials with the goal of treating a wide variety of maladies using noninvasive, ultrasound-based technology. The ongoing, scientific validation associated with promising preclinical success portents a novel range of therapeutics. The clinical utility and eventual clinical successes await vigorous testing. This review highlights the recent successes and challenges within the field of ultrasound-mediated drug delivery.
HCl‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Mannich Reaction in H<sub>2</sub>O—SDS System. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Complications of seasonal and pandemic influenza (2010)

Influenza is a seasonal viral infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In 2009, a novel H1N1 influenza A virus emerged and has been classified as a pandemic. In contrast to seasonal influenza, severe disease from pandemic H1N1 seems concentrated in older children and young adults, with almost no cases reported in patients older than 60 yrs. Although patients with underlying cardiopulmonary disease remain at risk, most complications have occurred among previously healthy individuals, with obesity and respiratory disease as the strongest risk factors. Pulmonary complications are common. Primary influenza pneumonia occurs most commonly in adults and may progress rapidly to acute lung injury requiring mechanical ventilation. Secondary bacterial infection is more common in children. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, is an important cause of secondary bacterial pneumonia with a high mortality rate. Treatment of pneumonia should include empirical coverage for this pathogen. Neuromuscular and cardiac complications are unusual but may occur.
LiNbO/sub 3/ Mach-Zehnder modulators with fixed negative chirp (1996)

Negative chirp modulation of optical transmitters is needed for the optimal performance of high bit-rate transmission in optical fiber systems operating at nonzero dispersion window at 1.5 μm. In this paper several approaches to achieving any fixed chirp value for LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> modulators are proposed, Experimental results of impedance matched devices on x-cut lithium niobate with chirp values of /spl plusmn/0.7 and /spl plusmn/1.0 are presented. By tuning the modulators bias point, the chirp value can be adjusted linearly around the designed value without degrading other performances.
An Approach to the Design of Transistor Tuned Power Amplifiers (1965)

An equation is derived for the collector-current waveform obtained when an unbiased transistor is driven by a large highfrequency sinusoidal voltage between base and emitter. Fourier analysis of this waveform together with assumptions about the input and output impedances enables the gain and efficiency of large-signal tuned transistor amplifiers to be found. The performance of three such amplifiers was measured. There appears to be reasonable agreement between the calculated and measured gain and efficiency.
SAMURAI: An accurate method for modelling and simulating non-stationary Random Telegraph Noise in SRAMs (2011)

In latest CMOS technologies, Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) has emerged as an important challenge for SRAM design. Due to rapidly shrinking device sizes and heightened variability, analytical approaches are no longer applicable for characterising the circuit-level impact of non-stationary RTN. Accordingly, this paper presents SAMURAI, a computational method for accurate, trap-level, non-stationary analysis of RTN in SRAMs. The core of SAMURAI is a technique called Markov Uniformisation, which extends stochastic simulation ideas from the biological community and applies them to generate realistic traces of non-stationary RTN in SRAM cells. To the best of our knowledge, SAMURAI is the first computational approach that employs detailed trap-level stochastic RTN generation models to obtain accurate traces of non-stationary RTN at the circuit level. We have also developed a methodology that integrates SAMURAI and SPICE to achieve a simulation-driven approach to RTN characterisation in SRAM cells under (a) arbitrary trap populations, and (b) arbitrarily time-varying bias conditions. Our implementation of this methodology demonstrates that SAMURAI is capable of accurately predicting non-stationary RTN effects such as write errors in SRAM cells.
Recent developments on the chemistry of aliphatic nitro compounds under aqueous medium (2007)

Aliphatic nitro derivatives represent an important class of useful molecules in organic synthesis. The versatility of these compounds is largely due to their easy availability and transformation into a variety of diverse functionalities. Moreover, aliphatic nitro compounds are very important building blocks (both as nucleophiles or as electrophiles) for the generation of new carbon–carbon bonds, mainly via nitroaldol-Henry reactions, Michael reactions and Diels–Alder cycloadditions. Usually, organic solvents are believed to be necessary for achieving the best efficiency in the reactions of aliphatic nitro compounds and, only recently, it has been shown that these reactions are also very efficient using water as reaction medium. Such progress in the chemistry of aliphatic nitro compounds is particularly attractive to industry since the replacement of toxic solvents still remains a crucial (and expensive) challenge. Thus, this report is focused on the chemistry of aliphatic nitro derivatives performed in aqueous media.
THE STORES OF LOS ANGELES IN 1850 (1900)

Research Article| January 01 1900 THE STORES OF LOS ANGELES IN 1850 LAURA EVERTSEN KING LAURA EVERTSEN KING Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Annual Publication of the Historical Society of Southern California and Pioneer Register, Los Angeles (1900) 5 (1): 5–8. https://doi.org/10.2307/41169629 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation LAURA EVERTSEN KING; THE STORES OF LOS ANGELES IN 1850. Annual Publication of the Historical Society of Southern California and Pioneer Register, Los Angeles 1 January 1900; 5 (1): 5–8. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/41169629 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentSouthern California Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Histone Deacetylase 6 and Heat Shock Protein 90 Control the Functions of Foxp3 <sup>+</sup> T-Regulatory Cells (2011)

Foxp3(+) T-regulatory cells (Tregs) are key to immune homeostasis such that their diminished numbers or function can cause autoimmunity and allograft rejection. Foxp3(+) Tregs express multiple histone/protein deacetylases (HDACs) that regulate chromatin remodeling, gene expression, and protein function. Pan-HDAC inhibitors developed for oncologic applications enhance Treg production and Treg suppression function but have limited nononcologic utility given their broad actions and various side effects. We show, using HDAC6-deficient mice and wild-type (WT) mice treated with HDAC6-specific inhibitors, that HDAC6 inhibition promotes Treg suppressive activity in models of inflammation and autoimmunity, including multiple forms of experimental colitis and fully major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-incompatible cardiac allograft rejection. Many of the beneficial effects of HDAC6 targeting are also achieved by inhibition of the HDAC6-regulated protein heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Hence, selective targeting of a single HDAC isoform, HDAC6, or its downstream target, HSP90, can promote Treg-dependent suppression of autoimmunity and transplant rejection.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of barley semi-dwarf mutant Riso no. 9265 (2015)

We confirmed that a GA biosynthetic enzyme HvGA20ox2, acted as GA 20-oxidase, is the functional gene for the sdw1/denso semi-dwarfism. Lose of HvGA20ox 2 is partially compensated by HvGA20ox 1 and further feedback is regulated by gibberellin. We also deduced that the sdw1/denso allele itself affects later heading owing to its reduced endogenous GAs concentration.