gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An EPR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR Active Mixed-Valence Manganese (III/II/III) Trinuclear Compound (2000)

A mixed-valence Mn(III)-Mn(II)-Mn(III) trinuclear complex of stoichiometry MnIIIMnIIMnIII(Hsaladhp)2(Sal)4.2CH3CN (1), where H3saladhp is a tridentate Schiff-base ligand, has been structurally characterized with X-ray crystallography. The Mn(III)Mn(II)Mn(III) angles are strictly 180 degrees as required by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The complex is valence-trapped with two terminal Mn(III) ions in a distorted square pyramidal geometry. The Mn(III)...Mn(II) separation is 3.495 A. The trinuclear complex shows small antiferromagnetic exchange J coupling. The magnetic parameters obtained from the fitting procedure in the temperature range 10-300 K are J1 = -5.7 cm-1, g = 2.02, zJ = -0.19 cm-1, and R = 0.004. The EPR spectrum was obtained at 4 K in CHCl3 and in tetrahydrofuran glasses. The low-field EPR signal is a superposition of two signals, one centered around g = 3.6 and the other, for which hyperfine structure is observed, centered around g = 4.1 indicating an S = 3/2 state. In addition, there is a 19-line signal at g = 2.0. The multiline signal compares well with that observed for the S2 or S0* states of the oxygen-evolving complex. 1H NMR data reveal that the trinuclear compound keeps its integrity into the CHCl3 solution. Crystal data for complex 1: [C54H52N4O18Mn3], M = 1209.82, triclinic, space group P1, a = 10.367(6) A, b = 11.369(6) A, c = 13.967(8) A; alpha = 112.56(1) degree, beta = 93.42(2) degrees, gamma = 115.43(1) degree, Z = 1.
Preserving Spin States upon Reflection: Linear and Nonlinear Responses of a Chiral Meta-Mirror (2017)

Conventional metallic mirrors flip the spin of a circularly polarized wave upon normal incidence by inverting the direction of the propagation vector. Altering or maintaining the spin state of light waves carrying data is a critical need to be met at the brink of photonic information processing. In this work, we report a chiral metamaterial mirror that strongly absorbs a circularly polarized wave of one spin state and reflects that of the opposite spin in a manner conserving the circular polarization. A circular dichroic response in reflection as large as ∼0.5 is experimentally observed in a near-infrared wavelength band. By imaging a fabricated pattern composed of the enantiomeric unit cells, we directly visualize the two key features of our engineered meta-mirrors, namely the chiral-selective absorption and the polarization preservation upon reflection. Beyond the linear regime, the chiral resonances enhance light-matter interaction under circularly polarized excitation, greatly boosting the ability of the metamaterial to perform chiral-selective signal generation and optical imaging in the nonlinear regime. Chiral meta-mirrors, exhibiting giant chiroptical responses and spin-selective near-field enhancement, hold great promise for applications in polarization sensitive electro-optical information processing and biosensing.
When to start and when to stop primary prophylaxis in patients with severe haemophilia (2003)

Primary prophylactic treatment of patients with severe haemophilia has been shown to reduce the number of bleeding episodes and to minimize the development of arthropathy. However, since the use of clotting factor concentrates is associated with considerable cost and not all patients with severe haemophilia have a severe bleeding phenotype, there is still no consensus about when to start prophylaxis, which dosing regimen to use, and if or when the treatment should be stopped when the patient becomes elderly. Some care providers are also concerned about the use of central venous lines in very young children. Even though most available data indicate that prophylaxis should be started during the first years of life, it may be possible to adjust the dose and dose interval depending on the bleeding pattern. The use of an individualized prophylactic regimen may also improve cost-effectiveness and make the use of this treatment modality more feasible. Studies to further address this issue are warranted.
A Novel 16-Kilodalton Cellular Protein Physically Interacts with and Antagonizes the Functional Activity of c- <i>myc</i> Promoter-Binding Protein 1 (2001)

We initially identified c-myc promoter-binding protein 1 (MBP-1) from a human cervical carcinoma cell expression library which negatively regulates c-myc promoter activity. A recent study demonstrated that MBP-1 acts as a general transcriptional repressor (A. K. Ghosh, R. Steele, and R. B. Ray, Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:2880-2886, 1999). In order to identify the cellular protein(s) interacting with MBP-1 for transcriptional regulation, a HeLa cell cDNA expression library was screened using a yeast two-hybrid system. An MBP-1-interacting cDNA encoding a polypeptide of 140 amino acid residues with an approximate molecular mass of 16 kDa was identified and named MBP-1 interacting protein-2A (MIP-2A). MIP-2A has a sequence similarity with an unknown mRNA and SEDL. Mutations in the SEDL gene, located at human chromosome Xp22, has recently been implicated with an X-linked genetic disease, although the function of SEDL gene product was not determined (A. K. Gedeon et al., Nat. Genet. 22:400-404, 1999). However, our results suggested the localization of MIP-2A at human chromosome 19. The specificity of interaction between MBP-1 and MIP-2A was verified by an in vitro glutathione S-transferase pulldown experiment, a mammalian two-hybrid analysis, and in vivo coimmunoprecipitation assays. Further analysis revealed that the amino-terminal domain of MBP-1 (amino acids 1 to 95) interacts with MIP-2A. Immunofluorescent staining suggested colocalization of MIP-2A and MBP-1 primarily in the perinuclear membrane of cells. Functional analysis demonstrated that MIP-2A relieves MBP-1 mediated transcriptional repression on c-myc promoter. Additionally, MIP-2A antagonizes cell growth regulatory role of MBP-1. Taken together, these results suggest the functional interaction of MIP-2A and MBP-1 in cell growth regulation.
Synthesis of an Inhibitor-Tethered Resin for Detection of Active Matrix Metalloproteinases Involved in Disease (2006)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), of which 26 members are known in humans, are implicated in a number of diseases. Their activity is strictly controlled, but when the biological control over the activity is lost, disease processes set in. In an attempt to delineate what MMP activity has gone awry in what diseases, including metastatic cancers that are of special interest to our laboratories, we conceived and synthesized two chromatographic resins incorporated with a multifunctional broad-spectrum inhibitor for MMPs. The broad-spectrum inhibitor contains three sterogentic centers and was synthesized in 13 steps. Two structural variants of the inhibitors were linked to the polymer support via disulfide moieties. These resins are intended for use in cellular systems to selectively fish out from a complex mixture of all cellular proteins the active MMP forms important for the specific disease for identification.
Linear Position Sensors – A Brief Guide of Use of the Most Common Types (2018)

In this paper, we gave information about introduction to the linear position sensors, their history and classification. In the content of this document, main parameter for this type of sensors are discussed while considering their application areas. Primary advantages or disadvantages of this kind of sensors are determined by their operating style and principle. Simulation result carried out in real life represents the comparison among these sensors. Those simulations are supplied with corresponding theoretical equations and formulas. Additionally, a novel read-out signal conditioning circuitry for Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDT) and Magnetostriction phenomenon are discussed and provided with specific instances.
Polling the smart battery for efficiency: Lifetime optimization in battery-sensing intrusion protection systems (2007)

This paper introduces a supporting model for a unique battery-sensing intrusion protection system (B-SIPS) for mobile computers, which alerts when power changes are detected on small wireless devices. An analytical model is employed to examine smart battery characteristics to support the theoretical intrusion detection limits and capabilities of B-SIPS. Battery-based attack detections can be significantly increased by investigating variable smart battery polling rates, system management bus speeds, and attack execution times. This research explores the modification of smart battery polling rates in conjunction with the variance of malicious network activity. An optimum static polling rate for each of the selected illicit network attack densities was determined by altering these two parameters. These optimum static polling rates introduce minimum and maximum thresholds for the various scenarios mobile devices encounter on a daily basis. Future work will investigate dynamic solutions to optimize battery lifetime under a range of circumstances by encompassing the data results found in this study.
Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Acute Care Hospitals (2008)

Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections. The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing their catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention efforts. Refer to the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America/Infectious Diseases Society of America “Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections” Executive Summary and Introduction and accompanying editorial for additional discussion. 1. Burden of CAUTIs a. Urinary tract infection is the most common hospital-acquired infection; 80% of these infections are attributable to an indwelling urethral catheter. b. Twelve to sixteen percent of hospital inpatients will have a urinary catheter at some time during their hospital stay. c. The daily risk of acquisition of urinary infection varies from 3% to 7% when an indwelling urethral catheter remains in situ. 2. Outcomes associated with CAUTI a. Urinary tract infection is the most important adverse outcome of urinary catheter use. Bacteremia and sepsis may occur in a small proportion of infected patients. b. Morbidity attributable to any single episode of catheterization is limited, but the high frequency of catheter use in hospitalized patients means that the cumulative burden of CAUTI is substantial. c. Catheter use is also associated with negative outcomes other than infection, including nonbacterial urethral inflammation, urethral strictures, and mechanical trauma.
목질계 고분자 기반 친환경 고성능 흡착 소재개발 (2020)

본 연구에서는 목질계 고분자인 셀룰로오스 및 리그닌 기반의 다양한 형태학적 특징을 보이는 친환경흡착 소재를 제조하고자 하였다. 우선 카복실 메틸셀룰로오스 나노섬유를 이용하여 나노섬유의 몰폴로 지를 갖는 구형의 셀룰로오스 입자를 제조하였다. 또한, 재생 셀룰로오스를 이용한 Bottom-up 방식을 이용하여 나노섬유의 몰폴로지를 갖는 셀룰로오스 하이드로겔을 제조할 수 있었다. 이들은 모두 넓은 비표면적을 보였으며 PEI 개질을 통하여 표면에 풍부한 양전하 기능기를 도입할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 500mg/g 이상의 6가 크롬 제거용량을 갖는 고성능 흡착 소재개발에 성공하였다. 한편, 리그닌을 이용한 흡착 소재의 경우 크게 두 가지 방법으로 연구를 진행하였다. 첫 번째 역상 가교 중합을 통하여 구형의 리그닌 입자를 제조한 후 PEI 표면 개질을 통해 이화학적 성질의 보완 및 양전하 도입을 구현하여 6가 크롬 제거 효율을 확인하였다. 두 번째로 리그닌 표면의 카복실화를 통하여 풍부한 음전하를 도입하였으며 이를 알지네이트와의 블렌드를 통하여 구형의 리그닌/알지네이트 하이브리드 입자를 제조하였다. 풍부한 카복실 그룹의 도입으로 인하여 제조된 리그닌/알지네이트 하이브리드의 경우 550mg/g 이상의 우수한 메틸렌블루 흡착능을 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 비용 효율적이며 친환경적인 고분자 개질 및 제형화 기술개발을 통해 목질계 고분자가 수처리 소재 산업에서 효과적인 대안이 될 것으로 기대된다.
Addition of sorbitol to a milk substitute for veal calves. — I. Effects on health, growth and feed conversion (1985)

Two homologous groups of preruminant male calves (10 control and 9 sorbitol) of the Friesian x Holstein crossbreed were used to study the effects of sorbitol on appetite, health status and growth rate. Between 1 and 8 weeks of age they were given two milk replacers (IC and IS) that contained high levels of protein and fat (23 % of DM), and then between 8 and 19 weeks two diets IFC and FS) containing lower levels of protein and fat (21 % of DM). The IC and FC diets had no sorbitol, while in the IS and FS diets it accounted for 0.8 % of DM. In each group 4 to 6 calves were used to measure milk digestibility at 3, 7 and 12 weeks of age. At slaughter (19 weeks), carcass quality and liver status were checked.
Biodegradation of Ochratoxin A for Food and Feed Decontamination (2010)

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most important mycotoxins that is found in food and feed products. It has proven toxic properties, being primarily known for its nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity to certain animal species. OTA is produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium that can be found in a wide variety of agricultural products, which makes the presence of OTA in these products common. Many countries have statutory limits for OTA, and concentrations need to be reduced to as low as technologically possible in food and feed. The most important measures to be taken to control OTA are preventive in order to avoid fungal growth and OTA production. However, these measures are difficult to implement in all cases with the consequence of OTA remaining in agricultural commodities. Remediation processes are often used to eliminate, reduce or avoid the toxic effects of OTA. Biological methods have been considered increasingly as an alternative to physical and chemical treatments. However, examples of practical applications are infrequent. This review will focus on the (i) known microorganisms and enzymes that are able to biodegrade OTA; (ii) mode of action of biodegradation and (iii) current applications. A critical discussion about the technical applicability of these strategies is presented.
Performance evaluation of a microprocessor with on-chip DRAM and high bandwidth internal bus (2002)

The M32R/D is a 32-bit microprocessor with on-chip 2M-byte (16M-bit) DRAM. It has a 32-bit RISC CPU, 32-bit/spl times/16-bit multiply and accumulator, 2M-byte DRAM, 2K-byte cache memory, and a memory controller. The CPU, DRAM, and cache memory are connected with a 128-bit 66.6MHz internal bus. This wide internal bus allows high speed transfer of instructions. The use of a 128-bit bus resulted in a 13% improvement in performance as compared with 32-bit bus.
Deubiquitinating Enzymes: A New Class of Biological Regulators (1998)

Protein ubiquitination controls many intracellular processes, including cell cycle progression, transcriptional activation, and signal transduction. Like protein phosphorylation, protein ubiquitination is dynamic, involving enzymes that add ubiquitin (ubiquitin conjugating enzymes) and enzymes that remove ubiquitin (deubiquitinating enzymes). Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of ubiquitin conjugation and its role in regulating protein degradation. Recent studies have demonstrated that regulation also occurs at the level of deubiquitination. Deubiquitinating enzymes are cysteine proteases that specifically cleave ubiquitin from ubiquitin-conjugated protein substrates. Genome sequencing projects have identified many candidate deubiquitinating enzymes, making them the largest family of enzymes in the ubiquitin system. Deubiquitinating enzymes have significant sequence diversity and therefore may have a broad range of substrate specificities. Here we explore the structural and biochemical properties of deubiquitinating enzymes and their emerging roles as cellular switches.
Additive Manufacturing of Glass (2014)

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a technique for the additive manufacturing (AM) of metals, plastics, and even ceramics. This paper explores using SLM for depositing glass structures. A CO2 laser is used to locally melt portions of a powder bed to study the effects of process parameters on stationary particle formation as well as continuous line quality. Numerical modeling is also applied to gain insight into the physical process. The experimental and numerical results indicate that the absorptivity of the glass powder is nearly constant with respect to the processing parameters. These results are used to deposit layered single-track wide walls to demonstrate the potential of using the SLM process for building transparent parts. Finally, the powder bed process is compared to a wire-fed approach. AM of glass is relevant for gradient index optics, systems with embedded optics, and the formation of hermetic seals.
Research and solutions of sidebar media control in centralized conferencing framework (2009)

Sidebar is a complicated conference scenario, which was introduced by IETF XCON working group in Centralized Conferencing Framework (CCF) in 2007. H.248 protocol is suggested to handle media control by 3GPP in Converged MultiMedia Conference (CMMC) framework based on IMS. A new Media server Control Protocol (MCP) was proposed by IETF Mediactrl working group recently. However, both of them didn't elaborate how to use H.248 or MCP in sidebar media control. This paper takes a common sidebar scenario as an example, proposes solutions to control sidebar media through H.248 and MCP respectively. What is more, a once multi-way mixture solution and a twice mixture solution based on MCP are proposed and elaborated. At last, we evaluate these solutions by analysis and experiment.
Designer protein delivery: From natural to engineered affinity-controlled release systems (2016)

Exploiting binding affinities between molecules is an established practice in many fields, including biochemical separations, diagnostics, and drug development; however, using these affinities to control biomolecule release is a more recent strategy. Affinity-controlled release takes advantage of the reversible nature of noncovalent interactions between a therapeutic protein and a binding partner to slow the diffusive release of the protein from a vehicle. This process, in contrast to degradation-controlled sustained-release formulations such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, is controlled through the strength of the binding interaction, the binding kinetics, and the concentration of binding partners. In the context of affinity-controlled release--and specifically the discovery or design of binding partners--we review advances in in vitro selection and directed evolution of proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides (aptamers), aided by computational design.
Predicting invasive phenotype with CDH1, CDH13, CD44, and TIMP3 gene expression in primary breast cancer (2009)

We aimed to determine changes in the expression of the genes CDH1, CDH13, CD44, and TIMP3 to look for any relationship between them, HER2 and ESR1 expression at the RNA level, and the histopathological properties of tumors. We also analyzed the expression properties of double-negative (estrogen receptor [ER] and human epidermal growth factor receptor [HER2] both negative) breast tumors. Expression status was studied in fresh tissue at the mRNA level with quantitative PCR using hydrolysis probes. Sixty-two cancer patients and four normal controls were included in the study. When the tumor group was analyzed as a whole, the correlations of ESR1 with CDH1, CDH13, and TIMP3 were P < 0.05, P < 0.005, and P < 0.005, respectively. In ER-positive tumors, CDH1 and CDH13 were correlated directly (P < 0.005) when HER2 was correlated with CDH1, CDH13, and TIMP3 indirectly (P < 0.005, P < 0.005, and P < 0.05, respectively). CDH1 and CD44 had a strong indirect correlation (P < 0.005) in ER-negative tumors. There were significant differences in the expression levels of the CDH13, TIMP3, and CD44 genes (P < 0.005, P < 0.005, and P < 0.05, respectively) between the ER-positive and -negative groups. All four genes were found to be correlated with invasive properties in both ER-positive and -negative tumors. In double-negative tumor samples, only CD44 had a significant and strong correlation with stage, lymph node involvement, and metastasis (P < 0.05, P < 0.005, and P < 0.05, respectively). As a conclusion, a decrease in CDH1, CDH13, and TIMP3 expression levels with an increase in CD44 can be used as an indicator for invasion in both ER-positive and -negative breast tumors. In double-negative tumor tissues, CD44 can be considered a marker for aggressive properties.
Inflammation of actinic keratoses during paclitaxel chemotherapy (2015)

A 73-year-old woman with a long-standing history of sun exposure was being treated for breast cancer with paclitaxel chemotherapy. Following the third cycle of chemotherapy, she developed an inflamed, ‘sore’ rash on her chest. Examination revealed numerous inflamed, hyperkeratotic papules superimposed on an erythaematous background on the upper back, anterior upper chest and forearms, in a striking photodistributed pattern (figure …
Collagen IV is essential for basement membrane stability but dispensable for initiation of its assembly during early development (2004)

Basement membranes are specialized extracellular matrices consisting of tissue-specific organizations of multiple matrix molecules and serve as structural barriers as well as substrates for cellular interactions. The network of collagen IV is thought to define the scaffold integrating other components such as, laminins, nidogens or perlecan, into highly organized supramolecular architectures. To analyze the functional roles of the major collagen IV isoform alpha1(IV)(2)alpha2(IV) for basement membrane assembly and embryonic development, we generated a null allele of the Col4a1/2 locus in mice, thereby ablating both alpha-chains. Unexpectedly, embryos developed up to E9.5 at the expected Mendelian ratio and showed a variable degree of growth retardation. Basement membrane proteins were deposited and assembled at expected sites in mutant embryos, indicating that this isoform is dispensable for matrix deposition and assembly during early development. However, lethality occurred between E10.5-E11.5, because of structural deficiencies in the basement membranes and finally by failure of the integrity of Reichert's membrane. These data demonstrate for the first time that collagen IV is fundamental for the maintenance of integrity and function of basement membranes under conditions of increasing mechanical demands, but dispensable for deposition and initial assembly of components. Taken together with other basement membrane protein knockouts, these data suggest that laminin is sufficient for basement membrane-like matrices during early development, but at later stages the specific composition of components including collagen IV defines integrity, stability and functionality.
A design method of narrow band FIR filters based on fluency sampling function of quadratic piecewise polynomial (2009)

In this paper, we propose a design method of the narrow band FIR filter in a Fluency signal space. As a result, we can make superior narrow band FIR filters than ordinary one. While an FIR filter has advantages that it is stable and can realize perfect linear phase, its transfer function can be of higher order according to desired accuracy. One of such difficult classes that indeed requires lots of multipliers is the narrow band filter. In proposed method, it is possible to design a narrow band FIR filter with multipliers much less than Remez method, a typical conventional method. In the first step of the proposed method, a pair of mother filters that are basic for the desired filter are defined. In the next step, scaled filters of the mother filters will be taken. Finally, we take an appropriate cascade connection of the scaled filters and make it the approximation model of the desired characteristics of narrow band FIR filter. By a numerical experiment, the proposed method is shown to be supeior to Remez method, as stated above.