gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Similarity Join Processing on Uncertain Data Streams (2010)

Similarity join processing in the streaming environment has many practical applications such as sensor networks, object tracking and monitoring, and so on. Previous works usually assume that stream processing is conducted over precise data. In this paper, we study an important problem of similarity join processing on stream data that inherently contain uncertainty (or called uncertain data streams), where the incoming data at each time stamp are uncertain and imprecise. Specifically, we formalize this problem as join on uncertain data streams (USJ), which can guarantee the accuracy of USJ answers over uncertain data. To tackle the challenges with respect to efficiency and effectiveness such as limited memory and small response time, we propose effective pruning methods on both object and sample levels to filter out false alarms. We integrate the proposed pruning methods into an efficient query procedure that can incrementally maintain the USJ answers. Most importantly, we further design a novel strategy, namely, adaptive superset prejoin (ASP), to maintain a superset of USJ candidate pairs. ASP is in light of our proposed formal cost model such that the average USJ processing cost is minimized. We have conducted extensive experiments to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed approaches.
Diode-laser absorption measurements of hydrazine and monomethylhydrazine (1998)

Abstract Absorption measurements of pure hydrazine, N 2 H 4 , and monomethylhydrazine, CH 3 N 2 H 3 (MMH), were recorded in an optical absorption cell (3 passes, 50 cm/pass) at low pressure (0–35 Torr) using a tunable external-cavity diode laser (ECDL), operating in the range from 6350 to 6650 cm -1 (1.49 to 1.58 μm). Peak absorption cross-section measurements of hydrazine and MMH, as determined from fixed wave-length absorption measurements, were found to be α e ( ν )=0.163±0.008 cm -1 atm -1 at 6495 cm -1 ( λ =1539.6 nm) and α e ( ν )=0.152±0.003 cm -1 atm -1 at 6560 cm -1 ( λ =1524.4 nm), respectively.
Mask roughness induced LER: a rule of thumb (2010)

Much work has already been done on how both the resist and line-edge roughness (LER) on the mask affect the final printed LER. What is poorly understood, however, is the extent to which system-level effects such as mask surface roughness, illumination conditions, and defocus couple to speckle at the image plane, and currently factor into LER limits. Here, we propose a "rule-of-thumb" simplified solution that provides a fast and powerful method to obtain mask roughness induced LER. We present modeling data on an older generation mask with a roughness of 230 pm as well as the ultimate target roughness of 50 pm. Moreover, we consider feature sizes of 50 nm and 22 nm, and show that as a function of correlation length, the LER peaks at the condition that the correlation length is approximately equal to the resolution of the imaging optic.
Distillate Fuels from Green River Oil Shale (1982)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Shale oil is notable for its high nitrogen content and for large amounts of unsaturated and metallic contaminants. However, although expensive to refine, shale oil can be upgraded to specification transportation fuels using commercially available petroleum processing technology. The key is an effective initial hydrotreating step in which most of the contaminants are removed. The syncrude thus produced can then be refined in petroleum refineries using conventional technology such as hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, and catalytic reforming to give specification transportation fuels. This paper discusses upgrading options, the properties of fuels from shale oil, and reviews Chevron's plans for commercial development.</div>
Strong electromagnetic confinement near dielectric microspheres to enhance single-molecule fluorescence (2008)

Latex microspheres are used as a simple and low-cost means to achieve three axis electromagnetic confinement below the standard diffraction limit. We demonstrate their use to enhance the fluorescence fluctuation detection of single molecules. Compared to confocal microscopy with high numerical aperture, we monitor a detection volume reduction of one order of magnitude below the diffraction limit together with a 5-fold gain in the fluorescence rate per molecule. This offers new opportunities for a broad range of applications in biophotonics, plasmonics, optical data storage and ultramicroscopy.
Regulation of complement functional efficiency by histidine-rich glycoprotein (1992)

The modulation of complement functional efficiency by serum histidine- rich glycoprotein (HRG) was investigated. Addition of exogenous HRG to prewarmed diluted serum, followed immediately by sensitized sheep erythrocytes (EA), resulted in enhanced hemolysis. However, when HRG was incubated with diluted serum for 10 minutes at 37 degrees C, inhibition of hemolysis occurred. The biphasic modulation of complement function was also obtained with the complement alternative pathway when HRG was added to diluted serum for hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes. Partial reduction of complement functional activity was shown when serum was absorbed by an HRG-Sepharose 6MB column. Western blot analysis showed that complement C8, C9, factor D, and S-protein in diluted serum were bound by nylon membrane-immobilized HRG. However, by immunoprecipitation of relatively undiluted serum with anti-HRG IgG beads, HRG was found to coprecipitate with S-protein and plasminogen, which suggested that HRG may complex with these proteins in serum. In functional tests, HRG inhibited C8 hemolytic activity, probably by preventing C8 binding to EAC1–7 cells. HRG also enhanced polymerization of purified C9 as well as the generation of a 45-Kd C9 fragment. Such an effect was even more pronounced in the presence of divalent cations with the reaction mixtures of C9 and HRG. Partial dimerization of C9 was shown when exogenous HRG was added to normal serum. In contrast, polymerization of serum C9 was inhibited by exogenous HRG during poly I:C activation of serum or incubation under low ionic strength conditions. HRG was further shown to inhibit factor D-mediated cleavage of factor B when bound by cobra venom factor. The molecular basis by which HRG regulates serum complement function is not clear. Hypothetically, the tandem repetitions of a consensus histidine-rich penta-peptide sequence in HRG may provide a highly charged area that interacts with complement components.
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Emotional Anticipation and Neuropsychological Performance in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2012)

During emotional anticipation, women with PTSD show exaggerated activation in the anterior insula, a region important for monitoring internal bodily state. Greater dorsolateral PFC response in PTSD patients during emotional anticipation may reflect engagement of cognitive control networks that are beneficial for emotional and cognitive functioning. Novel treatments could be aimed at strengthening the balance between cognitive control (dorsolateral PFC) and affective processing (medial PFC and amygdala) networks to improve overall functioning for PTSD patients.
Design of Non-uniform Coil and Analysis of Magnetic Field in the Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator (2012)

With giant magnetostrictive rod (GMM) existing, the magnetic field of giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) is considered to be created by conduction current and magnetization of GMM rod. Based on the analysis of magnetic field in the magnetized GMM rod, the magnetic field intensity distribution of the system can be calculated, which has an important significance on the design of non-uniform coil and maintenance of GMM rod working in the linear region.
Transcription of muscle-specific genes is repressed by reactivation of pp60v-src in postmitotic quail myotubes. (1991)

Quail myogenic cells infected with temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) exhibit a temperature-dependent transformation and block of differentiation. When the cells are allowed to differentiate at the restrictive temperature (41 degrees C) and then shifted back to the permissive temperature (35 degrees C), a sharp reduction in the accumulation of muscle-specific mRNAs is observed, following reactivation of the transforming protein pp60v-src. A kinetic analysis of this down-regulation reveals that the reduction in the accumulation of muscle-specific transcripts occurs fairly rapidly within 6 to 20 h after the shift back, depending on the mRNA analyzed. Studies on transcription of endogenous muscle-specific genes and a transfected chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene under the control of muscle-specific promoters, at the different temperatures, suggest that the oncogene exerts its control mainly at the transcriptional level. On the contrary, transcription of the CMD1 gene, the avian homolog of the mouse muscle regulatory MyoD gene, is not significantly affected by the oncogene both in proliferating myoblasts and in myotubes shifted back to 35 degrees C. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that v-src blocks myogenesis by controlling transcription of muscle-specific genes independently of cell proliferation. Furthermore, they suggest the existence of an alternative pathway, not requiring the silencing of CMD1 transcription, through which the oncogene exerts its effect.
Conformational Analysis of Macromolecules. V. Helical Structures of Poly-<scp>L</scp>-aspartic Acid and Poly-<scp>L</scp>-glutamic Acid, and Related Compounds (1968)

Previous energy calculations for isolated (single-stranded) homopolymer polyamino acids, to find the most stable regular (helical) conformations, have been extended to poly-L-aspartic acid, poly-L-glutamic acid, and several related compounds. Since rotation about all single bonds (including the acid and ester groups of side chains) was taken into account, it was necessary to obtain expressions for the torsional potentials for these internal rotations. The computed helix sense was found to agree with the experimental one in all cases except one, using a single set of potential functions and parameters. The various contributions to the total energy are all important in their influence on the conformation. For most of the polymers studied, there are only four principal side-chain conformations of low energy, two for the right-handed and two for the left-handed helix sense. Essentially the same set of four conformations was found for poly-L-aspartic acid and all of its esters; a different set of four conformations was found for poly-L-glutamic acid and its esters. For any given polymer, the conformation of lowest energy (of the four general conformations) depended upon the details of the specific side chain involved. The side chain conformations can be classified as being either transverse, for which the side chains wrap tangentially about the backbone at right angles to the helix axis, or longitudinal, for which the side chains lie more nearly parallel to the helix axis. For most polymers, one transverse and one longitudinal conformation of low energy was found for each helix sense. For aspartate polymers with short side chains, the longitudinal conformations had lower energy than the transverse ones, but the converse was true for aspartate polymers with longer side chains (viz., the n-propyl and benzyl esters). This effect was primarily the result of competition between the torsional and nonbonded energies; the unfavorable torsional energy in the transverse conformation was compensated by a favorable nonbonded energy, provided that the side chain was long enough to lead to a large nonbonded side chain-to-backbone interaction. For the glutamate polymers, a longitudinal conformation (different from that of the aspartate polymers) was preferred in all cases for the right-handed helix sense, but a transverse one was of lower energy for the left-handed helix sense. Poly-l-phenylalanine was found to have essentially the same conformations as the previously reported conformations for poly-l-tyrosine; the χ1 and κ2 values for these conformations are close to those found for poly-l-aspartic acid. This conformational similarity can be accounted for in terms of the geometrical similarity between the side chains of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and aspartic acid.
Towards a better understanding of the unusual conformations of the alternating guanine–adenine repeat strands of DNA (2006)

Alternating guanine-adenine strands of DNA are known to self-associate into a parallel-stranded homoduplex at neutral pH, fold into an ordered single-stranded structure at acid pH, and adopt yet another ordered single-stranded conformer in aqueous ethanol. The unusual conformers melt cooperatively and exhibit distinct circular dichroism spectra suggestive of a substantial conformational order, but their molecular structures are not known yet. Here, we have probed the molecular structures using guanine and adenine analogs lacking the N7 atom, and thus unable of Hoogsteen pairing, or those restrained in the less-frequent syn glycosidic orientation. The studies showed that the syn glycosidic orientation of dA residues promoted the neutral homoduplex, whereas the syn orientation of dG was incompatible with the homoduplex. In addition, Hoogsteen pairing of dA seemed to be a crucial property of the homoduplex whereas dG did not pair in this way. The situation was the same in both single-stranded conformers with the dG residues. On the other hand, the presence of N7 was important with dA but its syn geometry was not favorable. The present data can be used as restraints to model the unusual molecular structures of the alternating guanine-adenine strands of DNA.
Prosthesis rejection in children with a unilateral congenital arm defect (1999)

Rejection seems to occur in two main periods: within 3.5 years after being provided with a prosthesis and after 13.5 years of prosthetic use, when most children experience puberty. Fitting before the age of 2 years seems to reduce rejection rate. Preventing the parents' disappointment about prosthetic benefits as well as providing them with sufficient involvement in treatment and adequate guidance are essential for optimal results of prosthetic rehabilitation.
Probing the Intrinsic Properties of Exfoliated Graphene: Raman Spectroscopy of Free-Standing Monolayers (2009)

The properties of pristine, free-standing graphene monolayers prepared by mechanical exfoliation of graphite are investigated. The graphene monolayers, suspended over open trenches, are examined by means of spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy of the G-, D-, and 2D-phonon modes. The G-mode phonons exhibit reduced energies (1580 cm-1) and increased widths (14 cm-1) compared to the response of graphene monolayers supported on the SiO2 covered substrate. From analysis of the G-mode Raman spectra, we deduce that the free-standing graphene monolayers are essentially undoped, with an upper bound of 2x10^11 cm-2 for the residual carrier concentration. On the supported regions, significantly higher and spatially inhomogeneous doping is observed. The free-standing graphene monolayers show little local disorder, based on the very weak Raman D-mode response. The two-phonon 2D mode of the free-standing graphene monolayers is downshifted in frequency compared to that of the supported region of the samples and exhibits a narrowed, positively skewed line shape.
Induction of an Altered CD40 Signaling Complex by an Antagonistic Human Monoclonal Antibody to CD40 (2015)

Blocking the interaction of CD40 with its ligand CD154 is a desirable goal of therapies for preventing and/or ameliorating autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. CD154-blocking mAbs used in human clinical trials resulted in unanticipated vascular complications, leading to heightened interest in the therapeutic potential of antagonist mAbs specific for human CD40. Abs that do not require physical competition with CD154 to inhibit CD40 signaling have particular therapeutic promise. In this study, we demonstrate that the antagonist anti-human CD40 mAb PG102 fails to trigger CD40-mediated activation, as well as impairs CD154-mediated CD40 activation, via a distinct nonstimulatory CD40 signaling mechanism. PG102 did not induce early CD40-induced signaling events, and it inhibited early kinase and transcription factor activation by CD154 or agonist anti-CD40 mAbs. However, PG102 stimulated normal CD40-mediated TNFR-associated factor (TRAF)2 and TRAF3 degradation. PG102 induced the formation of a CD40 signaling complex that contained decreased amounts of both TRAF2 and TRAF3 and TRAF2-associated signaling proteins. Additionally, PG102-induced CD40 signaling complexes failed to recruit TRAF6 to detergent-insoluble membrane fractions. Fab fragments of PG102, while retaining CD40 binding, did not induce TRAF degradation, nor could they inhibit CD154-stimulated B cell signaling, indicating that CD40 aggregation is required for the signaling inhibition induced by PG102. The antagonistic impact of PG102 on CD40 signaling reveals that the manner of CD40 ligation can determine sharply different outcomes for CD40 signaling and suggests that such information can be used to therapeutically manipulate these outcomes.
Transient fields in the input coupling region of optical single-mode waveguides (2007)

We investigate numerically the optical field in the region immediately behind the input facets of dielectric step-index single-mode slab and fiber waveguides. Visualization of the intensity distributions gives insight into the formation of the fundamental mode and of radiation modes. For a more quantitative characterization we determine the amount of optical power and mode purity of the field in core vicinity as a function of propagation distance. The investigation assists in designing and optimizing waveguides being employed as modal filters, e.g. for astronomical interferometers.
Modified lysine iron agar for isolation of Salmonella from food (1979)

Lysine iron agar, modified by the addition of bile salts, novobiocin, lactose, and sucrose, is a valuable plating medium for the isolation of Salmonella, including H2S-negative strains.
Radio echo studies of meteor ionization (1953)

(1953). Radio echo studies of meteor ionization. Advances in Physics: Vol. 2, No. 8, pp. 495-544.
Simultaneous Transmit and Receive (STAR) system architecture using multiple analog cancellation layers (2015)

Simultaneous Transmit and Receive operation requires a high amount of transmit-to-receive isolation in order to avoid self-interference. This isolation is best achieved by utilizing multiple cancellation techniques. The combination of adaptive multiple-input multiple-output spatial cancellation with a high-isolation antenna and RF canceller produces a novel system architecture that focuses on cancellation in the analog domain before the receiver's low-noise amplifier. A prototype of this system has been implemented on a moving vehicle, and measurements have proven that this design is capable of providing more than 90 dB of total isolation in realistic multipath environments over a 30 MHz bandwidth centered at 2.45 GHz.
Autoantibody profiles in microscopic colitis (2005)

The autoantibodies investigated are of no diagnostic relevance to microscopic colitis. Positive ANA and strong associations with other autoimmune diseases point to an autoimmune etiology. H(2)-receptor antagonists and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs might also be of pathogenetic significance.
A support system for the blind to recognize a diagram (1990)

Abstract It is difficult for the blind to understand a drawing using only the tactile sense. The authors developed a system to produce graphic information with a combination of tactile and vocal outputs using a personal computer through which a drawing is processed. The system recognizes a drawing by image processing, and displays the structure of the drawing on a tactile display so that a user understands the outline of the drawing by tactile search with his or her finger. The display system has a function of a digitizer which senses the location of a touched pin and produces detailed vocal information of a part of the drawing which is indicated by the usera's finger. The proposed system requires less labor from the user in understanding a drawing, since this method passes information more efficiently than other methods. The system was tested with electric circuit‐diagrams. The results show that there is no best tactile display method for all blind people, i. e., the best method depends on each user, and this kind of vocal information should be as simple as possible.
Area selective metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of gold on tungsten patterned on silicon (1990)

Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition was used to deposit gold thin films selectively on tungsten patterned on n-doped silicon wafers. Gold on tungsten is one possible replacement metallization for aluminum in future high speed high density integrated circuits. The gold thin films from the decomposition of (C2 H5 )3 PAuCl show excellent selectivity and tungsten feature resolution as shown by scanning Auger analysis. Results suggest that decomposition inhibition on silicon is a function of the native oxide structure while deposition on tungsten is autocatalytic.
Adaptive Image Projection onto Non-planar Screen Using Projector-Camera Systems (2010)

In this paper, we propose a method for projecting images onto non-planar screens by using projector-camera systems eliminating distortion in projected images. In this system, point-to-point correspondences in a projector image and a camera image should be extracted. For finding correspondences, the epipolar geometry between a projector and a camera is used. By using dynamic programming method on epipolar lines, correspondences between projector image and camera image are obtained. Furthermore, in order to achieve faster and more robust matching, the non-planar screen is approximately represented by a B-spline surface. The small number of parameters for the B-spline surface are estimated from corresponding pixels on epipolar lines rapidly. Experimental results show the proposed method works well for projecting images onto non-planar screens.
Application of the Ibuka-Yamamoto reaction to a problem in stereochemical communication: a strategy for the stereospecific synthesis and stabilization of the triene substructure of rapamycin through sulfone substitution (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of the Ibuka-Yamamoto reaction to a problem in stereochemical communication: a strategy for the stereospecific synthesis and stabilization of the triene substructure of rapamycin through sulfone substitutionSui Hui Chen, Raymond F. Horvath, Jesus Joglar, Matthew J. Fisher, and Samuel J. DanishefskyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 20, 5834–5845Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00020a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00020a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1365Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts