gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Additives on Piezoelectric and Related Properties of PbTiO<sub>3</sub>Ceramics (1972)

Effects of additives Li2CO3, Ag2O, NiO, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, Gd2O3, Bi2O3, TiO2, MnO2, Nb3O5 and WO3 on piezoelectric and related properties of PbTiO3 ceramics are studied. Additives partly dissolve in lattice and the rest segregate at grain boundary. These additives act as grain growth inhibitors and binders. Additions of Li2CO3, NiO, Fe2O3 and MnO2 are most effective for densification. The additives Gd2O3, Bi2O3, Nb2O5 and WO3 give high resistivity probably by compensating Pb vacancies. Many piezoelectric and related properties depend on species and content of additives. Grain size is a main factor influencing these properties. The specimens with Cr2O3 and MnO2 characterized by coarse grain have small ε*, small dissipation factor, short poling time, large coupling factors, high mechanical Q and small elastic compliance. These features may be explained by diminishing of stress between grains, decrease of interfacial polarization and large binding force at grain boundary.
Vision-Based Positioning for Internet-of-Vehicles (2016)

This paper presents an algorithm for ego-positioning by using a low-cost monocular camera for systems based on the Internet-of-Vehicles. To reduce the computational and memory requirements, as well as the communication load, we tackle the model compression task as a weighted k-cover problem for better preserving the critical structures. For real-world vision-based positioning applications, we consider the issue of large scene changes and introduce a model update algorithm to address this problem. A large positioning data set containing data collected for more than a month, 106 sessions, and 14275 images is constructed. Extensive experimental results show that submeter accuracy can be achieved by the proposed ego-positioning algorithm, which outperforms existing vision-based approaches.
Premicellar and micelle formation behavior of aqueous anionic surfactants in the presence of triphenylmethane dyes: protonation of dye in ion pair micelles (2009)

Abstract The premicellar and micelle formation behaviors of four cationic triphenylmethane dyes, viz , Pararosaniline (RN), Crystal violet (CV), Ethyl violet (EV), and Malachite green (MG), in aqueous anionic surfactant solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSN) have been studied by spectral and surface tension measurements. The study was carried out within a pH range where the dyes are stable in their quinoid forms. The dyes have been found to form dye–surfactant ion pairs (DSIPs) with the surfactants, at the surfactant concentrations well below their critical micelle concentration, CMC*. The DSIPs behave like nonionic surfactants and form an air–water interfacial monolayer. The DSIPs have a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC IP ), greater efficiency, and lower effectiveness than the corresponding pure surfactants. As the surfactant concentration is increased below the CMC*, the DSIPs start forming micelles of their own where the dye gets protonated and exists as a protonated dye–surfactant ion pair (PDSIP) in the ion pair micelles. As the concentration of the surfactant exceeds the CMC* of the pure surfactant, the protonation reverses gradually with the dye remaining in the micelles in solubilized form and the DSIPs in the air–water interfacial monolayer are replaced by pure surfactants. The distorted helical isomeric form (isomer B) of the dyes is favored in the PDSIPs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Possible origin of ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)N (2003)

Ferromagnetic behavior of GaN doped with Mn (Ga1−zMnzN) grown by the ammonothermal and chemical transport methods is discussed in terms of a second phase (ferromagnetic one) produced during the growth process. The reference manganese nitride samples grown by the same method as (Ga,Mn)N reveal room-temperature ferromagnetic behavior, depending on the growth details. Different MnxNy phases are suggested to be responsible for ferromagnetic behavior of (Ga,Mn)N.
Augmented Bacterial Adherence to Tracheal Epithelial Cells Is Associated with Gram-Negative Pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit Population (1989)

Gram-negative pneumonia is a frequent complication of intubated patients in an intensive care unit (ICU), and the adherence of the bacterial pathogen to the respiratory epithelial surface is thought to be the critical initial step in the infection process. However, the correlation between bacterial adherence to tracheal epithelial cells (TEC) and the acquisition of pneumonia and whether intubation or its duration affects bacterial adherence to TEC is unknown. To examine these factors we initially established that the normal adhesion index range for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 492c adherence to TEC was zero to 18.83 cfu/TEC on the basis of the adhesion indices of 12 healthy volunteers and 20 surgical patients undergoing elective bronchoscopy. Forty-two analyses of the adhesion index for P. aeruginosa binding to TEC of 24 ICU patients were performed in this study. Analysis of the data indicated that the adhesion index was not correlated with intubation or the duration of intubation. However, an elevated bacterial adhesion index was significantly (p less than 0.001) correlated with pneumonitis. Pneumonitis was observed in 11 of the 12 patients who had an elevated or augmented bacterial adhesion index, whereas pneumonitis was observed in only one of 12 patients who had a normal adhesion index. The bacterial adhesion index was found to parallel the clinical situation in five patients where three patients developed high adhesion indices and acquired pneumonitis and two patients who initially had pneumonitis and elevated adhesion indices subsequently resolved their pneumonitis, and their adhesion indices fell to within the normal range.
Capacity monitoring in advanced battery chemistries (2002)

Monitoring the battery capacity of advanced battery chemistries such as the new Ni-MH and lithium ion cells poses many unique design problems. With the terminal voltage varying greatly with discharge rate and temperature, and charge acceptance complicating the partial charge estimates, capacity monitoring methods become critical for accuracy and simplicity. To enhance accuracy, both the capacity reference and available capacity monitor must be periodically recalibrated to account for the effects of battery wear-out, different charge/discharge conditions, and multiple partial cycles which allow small estimation errors to accumulate. Cost, accuracy, circuit size, and operating current are all critical design parameters when implementing a capacity monitoring circuit for new battery chemistries. The authors discuss these points.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Basic fibroblast growth factor in human melanoma. (1991)

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a major factor contributing to human melanoma cell growth. bFGF is produced constitutively by cells from each stage of the disease, but not by normal melanocytes, although the latter cells are dependent on the factor for growth in vitro. Two lines of evidence suggest that bFGF functions in an autocrine manner in melanoma: (1) inhibition of bFGF activity by bFGF-specific antibodies or antisense sequences suppresses melanoma cell growth in vitro; and (2) retrovirus-mediated transfer of a bFGF cDNA into normal murine melanocytes renders the recipient cell bFGF-independent. Constitutive production of bFGF is not by itself sufficient for the establishment of the transformed phenotype, however, since bFGF-expressing melanocytes are neither immortalized nor tumorigenic in nude mice.
Features of LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-2-methyl tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent electrolytes for lithium rechargeable batteries; Lithium niji denchiyo LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-2-methyl tetrahydrofuran kongo yobaikei denkaieki no tokusei (1998)

In order to develop a battery having further higher energy density than the lithium ion battery, ethylene carbonate-2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (EC-2MeTHF) mixed solvent electrolytes using LiPF6 as the electrolyte salt were investigated. For the experiments, were conducted the preparation of electrolytes using LiPF6 as the electrolyte salt, preparation of electrolytes using LiPF6 recrystallized from DME (1,2-dimethoxyethane), preparation of electrolytes at low temperature, measurements of conductance, and investigation of charge/discharge characteristics of the electrolytes. As a result, it was found that the electrolytes using LiPF6 recrystallized from DME provided less deterioration and excellent charge/discharge cycleability. The optimum solute concentration of LiPF6/EC-2MeTHF electrolytes was between 1.0 and 1.5 mol/dm{sup 3}, and the optimum solvent mixing ratio of EC-2MeTHF was around 6:4 in volume ratio. By suppressing the exothermic reaction during preparation of electrolytes, 2MeTHF electrolytes using LiPF6 as the electrolyte salt can be prepared, and relatively high charge/discharge efficiency can be obtained. 12 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.
A Millimetre-Sized Robot Realized by a Piezoelectric Impact-Type Rotary Actuator and a Hardware Neuron Model (2014)

Micro-robotic systems are increasingly used in medicine and other fields requiring precision engineering. This paper proposes a piezoelectric impact-type rotary actuator and applies it to a millimetre-size robot controlled by a hardware neuron model. The rotary actuator and robot are fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The actuator is composed of multilayer piezoelectric elements. The rotational motion of the rotor is generated by the impact head attached to the piezoelectric element. The millimetre-size robot is fitted with six legs, three on either side of the developed actuator, and can walk on uneven surfaces like an insect. The three leg parts on each side are connected by a linking mechanism. The control system is a hardware neuron model constructed from analogue electronic circuits that mimic the behaviour of biological neurons. The output signal ports of the controller are connected to the multilayer piezoelectric element. This robot system requires no specialized software programs or A/D converters. The rotation speed of the rotary actuator reaches 60 rpm at an applied neuron frequency of 25 kHz during the walking motion. The width, length and height of the robot are 4.0, 4.6 and 3.6 mm, respectively. The motion speed is 180 mm/min.
The estimation of air temperature from NOAA/AVHRR images and the study of NDVI-Ts impact: Case study: The application of split-window algorithms over (Perak Tengah &amp; Manjong) area, Malaysia (2011)

The extraction of Land Surface Temperature Ts was the main objective in this study in order to estimate the ambient Air Temperature Ta over four locations in (Perak Tengah and Manjong) with variable surface cover types including: build-up areas, agricultural lands and forests. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI was calculated from NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer AVHRR images during June-August (2009) and surface emissivity ε was then calculated accordingly. From the brightness temperature in the images thermal bands 4&5 and using ε the surface temperature Ts was extracted using three different split-window algorithms. The application of the three formulas showed a homogenous results specially when using Becker et al (1990) and Uliveri et al. (1994) algorithms. A reasonable correlation was found between the satellite estimated Ts and air temperature Ta measured from ground weather stations over the study area especially when Uliveri et al (1994) algorithm was applied over the agricultural area with R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> reached 82% as well as 87% over the residential and builds up areas while R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> was 63% over area covered by forests. Moreover, a strong negative relationship was noticed among the NDVI - Ts representation. The relation was agreed with the so called “Universal Triangle” method which is being used in the study of soil moisture, vegetation cover and temperature interaction particularly over areas with biomass cover to indicate that fraction of vegetation cover has strong influence on the spatial value of Ts and its variability. In addition it was found that the NDVI-Ts relation is sensitive to surface moisture condition. Abnormality in NDVI-Ts was observed over urban and forest areas.
Synthetic Aspects of Stereoselective Hydroformylation (2003)

The hydroformylation of olefins is well known as one of the industrially most important processes which rely on homogeneous catalysis. Additionally, the hydroformylation represents an ideal atom economic C/C-bond forming reaction with unique opportunities for application in target-oriented organic synthesis, provided that selectivity and in particular stereoselectivity in the course of this metal-catalyzed addition reaction can be controlled. This Account describes recent developments on new and efficient concepts making use of substrate-direction to control stereoselectivity throughout the course of the hydroformylation reaction. Emphasis is given to the concept of substrate-bound catalyst-directing groups which allow for high levels of acyclic stereocontrol. Applications of these new stereoselective variants of the hydroformylation reaction in the context of organic synthesis are discussed. Additionally, recent applications of stereoselective hydroformylation as part of Domino-type processes are covered.
Hardware acceleration of transactional memory on commodity systems (2011)

The adoption of transactional memory is hindered by the high overhead of software transactional memory and the intrusive design changes required by previously proposed TM hardware. We propose that hardware to accelerate software transactional memory (STM) can reside outside an unmodified commodity processor core, thereby substantially reducing implementation costs. This paper introduces Transactional Memory Acceleration using Commodity Cores (TMACC), a hardware-accelerated TM system that does not modify the processor, caches, or coherence protocol.
Computerized Segmentation and Characterization of Breast Lesions in Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Images Using Fuzzy c-Means Clustering and Snake Algorithm (2012)

This paper presents a novel two-step approach that incorporates fuzzy c-means (FCMs) clustering and gradient vector flow (GVF) snake algorithm for lesions contour segmentation on breast magnetic resonance imaging (BMRI). Manual delineation of the lesions by expert MR radiologists was taken as a reference standard in evaluating the computerized segmentation approach. The proposed algorithm was also compared with the FCMs clustering based method. With a database of 60 mass-like lesions (22 benign and 38 malignant cases), the proposed method demonstrated sufficiently good segmentation performance. The morphological and texture features were extracted and used to classify the benign and malignant lesions based on the proposed computerized segmentation contour and radiologists' delineation, respectively. Features extracted by the computerized characterization method were employed to differentiate the lesions with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.968, in comparison with an AUC of 0.914 based on the features extracted from radiologists' delineation. The proposed method in current study can assist radiologists to delineate and characterize BMRI lesion, such as quantifying morphological and texture features and improving the objectivity and efficiency of BMRI interpretation with a certain clinical value.
An open approach towards the benchmarking of table structure recognition systems (2010)

Table spotting and structural analysis are just a small fraction of tasks relevant when speaking of table analysis. Today, quite a large number of different approaches facing these tasks have been described in literature or are available as part of commercial OCR systems that claim to deal with tables on the scanned documents and to treat them accordingly.
Methods for cell proliferation analysis by fluorescent image cytometry (1995)

Methods were developed for multimodal microscopic image analysis in order to identify and analyze one cell type under various microscopic conditions. Our purpose was to quantify both total DNA content using propidium iodide (PI) stain and S-phase fraction using the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) incorporation technique in cell population subsets. The model chosen was plasma cells in bone marrow triply labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins, with amino-methylcoumarin-acetate (AMCA) for BrdUrd, and with PI for DNA. Image analysis included three phases. First, plasma cells were recognized on FITC images, and the centroid positions were stored. Second, plasma cell nuclei were geodesically reconstructed from these stored positions using PI images in which DNA content was measured, and the nuclear mask outlines were stored. Third, BrdUrd incorporation level of plasma cells was measured on AMCA images inside PI nuclei masks and stored. Image DNA vs. BrdUrd scatterplots were obtained for cells selected according to the expression of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin. Thus, both ploidy and proliferation could be independently evaluated on a subset of the cellular population.
Intelligent fashion styling using genetic search and neural classification (2015)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an intelligent system for fashion style selection for non-standard female body shapes. Design/methodology/approach – With the goal of creating natural aesthetic relationship between the body shape and the shape of clothing, garments designed for the upper and lower body are combined to fit different female body shapes, which are classified as V, A, H and O-shapes. The proposed intelligent system combines genetic algorithm (GA) with a neural network classifier, which is trained using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). The former, called genetic search, is used to find the optimal design parameters corresponding to a best fit for the desired target, while the task of the latter, called neural classification, is to evaluate fitness (goodness) of each evolved new fashion style. Findings – The experimental results are fashion styling recommendations for the four female body shapes, drawn from 260 possible combinations, based on variations from 15 attributes. These results are considered to be a strong indication of the potential benefits of the application of intelligent systems to fashion styling. Originality/value – The proposed intelligent system combines the effective searching capabilities of two approaches. The first approach uses the GA for identifying best fits to the target shape of the body in the solution space. The second is the PSO for finding optimal (with respect to training mean-squared error) weight and threshold parameters of the neural classifier, which is able to evaluate the fitness of successively evolved fashion styles.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION, RISK FACTORS AND ETIOLOGY OF LUNG ABSCESS (2018)

Background: A lung abscess is characterized by a necrotic lesion with marked cavitation and exudate within the lung parenchyma. The objective of this study was to identify the most common causative agent of lung abscess within our target population. Methods: Retrospective data from two consecutive years was obtained from the pulmonology department at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, one of Pakistan’s largest public hospitals. A total of 41 cases of lung abscess were identified on the bases of clinical, radiological and microbiological evidence. These cases were then analysed to establish a link between the incidence of abscess and key factors such as the most common causative organism, the correlation of age and gender and the location within the lung parenchyma. Results: Sputum for routine culture and sensitivity (C/S) showed Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (29.3%) as the most common causative organism. Correlation between abscess and risk factors such as history of smoking (65.9%), poor oral hygiene (56.1%), diabetes (43.9%) and alcoholism (14.6%) have been discussed and compared to previous publications. The frequency of common symptoms such as productive cough (90.2%), fever (82.9%) hemoptysis (58.5%) and clubbing of fingers (46.3%) have been analysed and a contrast is drawn in some instances between our obtained values and pre-existing data. The most common site of involvement is the lower lobe of the right lung (51.2%). Conclusion: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was found to be the most common causative bacteria within the population for lung abscess while smoking was shown to be the most common risk factor.
Efficient and exact data dependence analysis (1991)

article Efficient and exact data dependence analysis Share on Authors: Dror E. Maydan Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CAView Profile , John L. Hennessy Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CAView Profile , Monica S. Lam Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CA Computer Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 26Issue 6June 1991 pp 1–14https://doi.org/10.1145/113446.113447Online:01 May 1991Publication History 167citation1,256DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations167Total Downloads1,256Last 12 Months29Last 6 weeks4 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Sentiment Prediction Using Collaborative Filtering (2021)

Learning sentiment models from short texts such as tweets is a notoriously challenging problem due to very strong noise and data sparsity. This paper presents a novel, collaborative filtering-based approach for sentiment prediction in twitter conversation threads. Given a set of sentiment holders and sentiment targets, we assume we know the true sentiments for a small fraction of holder-target pairs. This information is then used to predict the sentiment of a previously unknown user towards another user or an entity using collaborative filtering algorithms. We validate our model on two Twitter datasets using different collaborative filtering techniques. Our preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed approach can be effectively used in twitter sentiment prediction, thus mitigating the data sparsity problem.
A New Fast Vertical Method for Mining Frequent Patterns (2010)

Vertical mining methods are very effective for mining frequent patterns and usually outperform horizontal mining methods. However, the vertical methods become ineffective since the intersection time starts to be costly when the cardinality of tidset (tid-list or diffset) is very large or there are a very large number of transactions.