gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clinical experience in poisonings following exposure to blasticidin S, a curiously strong fungicide. (1996)

The fungicide blasticidin S has been used against a rice blast disease. Reports on its human toxicity are extremely limited, and irritation to GI tract, eye and skin are the presenting symptoms in most afflicted cases. Fatalities resulting from profuse intestinal fluid loss with subsequent hypotension have also been recorded. In an attempt to delineate the clinical pictures of blasticidin S poisoning, a retrospective study covering an 8.5-y period was then conducted. A total of 28 blasticidin S poisoning exposures, including 24 suicidal ingestions, were recorded. The ingested amounts in most cases were rather large, while 2 cases were found with estimated dosages up to 10 g. The presented symptoms in most cases were immediate vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and sore throat which were resolved after conservative treatment. Nevertheless, hypotension, arrhythmia, acrocyanosis, aspiration, and even coma occurred in severe cases. Fatalities were noted in 5 patients, in whom profound hypotension and severe aspiration pneumonitis were the main features. Poisoning following blasticidin S ingestion remains a challenge to acute health care physicians. Adequate administration of i.v. fluid and careful monitoring of electrolytes have been considered as the mainstay in the treatment of blasticidin S poisoning. Prevention of aspiration and ventilatory support are also crucial for life-saving since poisoning cases might succumb after massive aspiration.
Design Strategies for Solid-State Supramolecular Arrays Containing Both Mixed-Metalated and Freebase Porphyrins (1999)

The design of predictable multichromophoric supramolecular arrays of freebase and metallo porphyrins constitutes an essential first step toward the synthesis of light-harvesting complexes. We now report crystal engineering strategies to achieve the synthesis of controllable and predictable porphyrinic multichromophores in the solid state. The coordination complexes of metal halides, MX2 (M = Cd, Hg, Pb; X = Br, I), with freebase tetrapyridylporphyrin (TPyP) form either 1D, [(HgX2)2TPyP]·2TCE, 1, or 2D, [(MX2)TPyP]·4TCE, (M = Pb, 2; Cd, 3) polymeric networks. The porphyrin cavities in these crystalline networks can be selectively populated with various metal cations to generate ordered multiporphyrinic supramolecular arrays without distorting the coordination networks, either by (a) crystallizing the metal halides and TPyP in the presence of suitable metal salts or by (b) reacting metal halides with a mixture of freebase and metallo porphyrins in specific stoichiometric ratios. A design limit has been reached following approach b, synthesis of the complexes using 100% metalated TPyP results in a change in structure due to intermolecular MTPyP coordination. The UV/vis and fluorescence spectra recorded on partially metalated complexes indicate the presence of the expected absorption and emission bands. Additionally, complex 1 reveals an unusual clathration behavior, wherein the stacking features perpendicular to the porphyrin plane adjust to allow inclusion of variable amounts of identical guest solvent molecules without modification of the layered structure.
Heteroaggregate von Aryl‐ und Alkyllithiumreagentien: Faszinierende Strukturen mit grundlegender Bedeutung (2005)

Abstract Organolithiumverbindungen werden oft als einkernige Spezies dargestellt. Tatsächlich lagern sich diese Verbindungen aber zusammen, wobei Heteroaggregate mit verschiedenen organischen Gruppen, auch solchen mit Heteroatomen, entstehen können. Bei Reaktionen mit Organolithiumreagentien wird oft nicht beachtet, dass sich das “reine” lithiumorganische Homoaggregat in ein Heteroaggregat mit abweichender Struktur und Reaktivität umwandeln kann. Wenn das Organolithiumreagens oder das Substrat chirale Zentren enthält, kann auch diastereoselektive Selbstorganisation auftreten (die bevorzugte Bildung eines bestimmten Aggregat‐Diastereomers). Die Auswirkungen dieses Verhaltens auf Struktur und Reaktivitätsmuster von Organolithiumreagentien ist das Thema diese Kurzaufsatzes.
Sperm Mobility: A Quantitative Trait of the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)1 (1998)

Sperm from each rooster within a base population (n = 271) were evaluated with a mobility assay validated in previous work. Frequency analysis confirmed a normal distribution for the variable of sperm mobility. Repeated-measure analysis of males categorized by phenotype demonstrated that average and high sperm mobility phenotypes were distinct and independent of time. Sperm morphology, fertilizing ability, and ATP content were compared between phenotypes. Fertility and sperm ATP content differed (p < 0.001) between phenotypes, whereas sperm morphology did not (p > 0.05). Experimentation with washed sperm demonstrated that phenotype was fully expressed when mitochondrial respiration was the only source of ATP. Sperm mobility increased (p < 0.001) when sperm from average males were exposed to calyculin A, a protein phosphatase inhibitor. Correlation analyses were performed with data from a subpopulation (n = 46) whose range, mean, and variance were equivalent to those of the base population. Neither body weight nor the combined weight of the testes was correlated with sperm mobility (r = -0.02 and 0.01, respectively). In contrast, sperm ATP content was correlated with sperm mobility (r = 0.80). We attribute phenotypic differences in sperm mobility to differential rates of mitochondrial ATP synthesis.
Fabrication and assembly operations, Part VI: Parameter values for sequencing control (1965)

The method described makes it possible to assign weights to important priority factors by the use of control variables. A function that in part measures the deviation from a desired system state is optimized by the choice of values of these control variables. Under the assumption that Equation 5 represents the dynamics of the system, Equation 8 provides the system with an input that minimizes the performance index P of Equation 6. This input, u, can then be used in Equation 1, yielding the desired sequencing function. The control exercized is adaptive in the sense that the representation of the system's dynamics is periodically revised by successive least-squares fits of a new data as required.
Galectin-3 Regulates Mitochondrial Stability and Antiapoptotic Function in Response to Anticancer Drug in Prostate Cancer (2006)

Prostate cancer is one of the malignant tumors which exhibit resistance to anticancer drugs, at least in part due to enhanced antiapoptotic mechanisms. Therefore, the understanding of such mechanisms should improve the design of chemotherapy against prostate cancer. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a multifunctional oncogenic protein involved in the regulation of tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis has shown antiapoptotic effects in certain cell types. Here, we show that the expression of exogenous Gal-3 in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells, which do not express Gal-3 constitutively, inhibits anticancer drug-induced apoptosis by stabilizing the mitochondria. Thus, Gal-3-negative cells showed 66.31% apoptosis after treatment with 50 micromol/L cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum for 48 hours, whereas two clones of Gal-3-expressing cells show only 2.92% and 1.42% apoptotic cells. Similarly, Gal-3-negative cells showed 43.8% apoptosis after treatment with 300 micromol/L etoposide for 48 hours, whereas only 15.38% and 14.51% of Gal-3-expressing LNCaP cells were apoptotic. The expression of Gal-3 stimulated the phosphorylation of Ser(112) of Bcl-2-associated death (Bad) protein and down-regulated Bad expression after treatment with cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum. Gal-3 also inhibited mitochondrial depolarization and damage after translocation from the nuclei to the cytoplasm, resulting in inhibition of cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. These findings indicate that Gal-3 inhibits anticancer drug-induced apoptosis through regulation of Bad protein and suppression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Therefore, targeting Gal-3 could improve the efficacy of anticancer drug chemotherapy in prostate cancer.
DCASE 2018 Challenge Surrey Cross-Task convolutional neural network baseline (2018)

The Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) consists of five audio classification and sound event detection tasks: 1) Acoustic scene classification, 2) General-purpose audio tagging of Freesound, 3) Bird audio detection, 4) Weakly-labeled semi-supervised sound event detection and 5) Multi-channel audio classification. In this paper, we create a cross-task baseline system for all five tasks based on a convlutional neural network (CNN): a "CNN Baseline" system. We implemented CNNs with 4 layers and 8 layers originating from AlexNet and VGG from computer vision. We investigated how the performance varies from task to task with the same configuration of neural networks. Experiments show that deeper CNN with 8 layers performs better than CNN with 4 layers on all tasks except Task 1. Using CNN with 8 layers, we achieve an accuracy of 0.680 on Task 1, an accuracy of 0.895 and a mean average precision (MAP) of 0.928 on Task 2, an accuracy of 0.751 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.854 on Task 3, a sound event detection F1 score of 20.8% on Task 4, and an F1 score of 87.75% on Task 5. We released the Python source code of the baseline systems under the MIT license for further research.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Deviations from Vegard's Law in the Sn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Ge<sub>1</sub><sub>-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i> System (2003)

First principles density functional theory is used to study the compositional dependence of the structural, elastic, electronic, and bonding properties of newly prepared SnxGe1-x alloys and compounds. The calculated variation of lattice constant a(x) with composition for tin content (% Sn, x < 0.20) exhibits a small and systematic positive deviation of the lattice constants from ideal Vegard behavior, in agreement with our measurements on SnxGe1-x alloys synthesized in this range. Over this range the compressibility also exhibits a concomitant increase relative to the Vegard average. To elucidate this structural behavior, we treat SixGe1-x, GexC1-x, and SixC1-x using the same computational procedure and find the expected negative deviations in a(x) from Vegard's Law behavior in all of these cases. Calculations on molecular analogues, consisting of tetrahedral A(XH3)4 clusters with {A,X} = {Sn,Ge}, {Si,Ge}, {Si,C}, and {Ge,C}, reveal that both the sign and magnitude of the deviations from ideal behavior are also present at the molecular level. The calculated bond lengths in all of these clusters agree well with available molecular structure data for these systems.
A Guide to Claims-Based Identity and Access Control: Patterns & Practices (2010)

As systems have become interconnected and more complicated, programmers needed ways to identify parties across multiple computers. One way to do this was for the parties that used applications on one computer to authenticate to the applications (and/or operating systems) that ran on the other computers. This mechanism is still widely used-for example, when logging on to a great number of Web sites. However, this approach becomes unmanageable when you have many co-operating systems (as is the case, for example, in the enterprise). Therefore, specialized services were invented that would register and authenticate users, and subsequently provide claims about them to interested applications. Some well-known examples are NTLM, Kerberos, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), and the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML). Most enterprise applications need some basic user security features. At a minimum, they need to authenticate their users, and many also need to authorize access to certain features so that only privileged users can get to them. Some apps must go further and audit what the user does. On Windows, these features are built into the operating system and are usually quite easy to integrate into an application. By taking advantage of Windows integrated authentication, you don't have to invent your own authentication protocol or manage a user database. By using access control lists (ACLs), impersonation, and features such as groups, you can implement authorization with very little code. Indeed, this advice applies no matter which OS you are using. It's almost always a better idea to integrate closely with the security features in your OS rather than reinventing those features yourself. But what happens when you want to extend reach to users who don't happen to have Windows accounts? What about users who aren't running Windows at all? More and more applications need this type of reach, which seems to fly in the face of traditional advice. This book gives you enough information to evaluate claims-based identity as a possible option when you're planning a new application or making changes to an existing one. It is intended for any architect, developer, or information technology (IT) professional who designs, builds, or operates Web applications and services that require identity information about their users.
Multielectrode impedance tuning: reducing noise and improving stimulation efficacy (2005)

Multielectrode arrays (MEAs) have emerged as a leading technology for extracellular, electrophysiological investigations of neuronal networks. The study of biological neural networks is a difficult task that is further confounded by mismatches in electrode impedance. Electrode impedance plays an important role in shaping incoming signals, determining thermal noise, and influencing the efficacy of stimulation. Our approach to optimally reduce thermal noise and improving the reliability of stimulation is twofold minimize the impedance and match it across all electrodes. To this aim, we have fabricated a device that allows for the automated, impedance-controlled electroplating of micro-electrodes. This device is capable of rapidly (minutes) producing uniformly low impedances across all electrodes in an MEA. The need for uniformly low impedances is important for controlled studies of neuronal networks; this need will increase in the future as MEA technology scales from tens of electrodes to thousands.
Susceptibility Pathways in Fanconi's Anemia and Breast Cancer (2010)

Fanconi's anemia is a rare disorder that arises from defective repair of damaged DNA. Of the 13 Fanconi's anemia genes, 3 are breast-cancer–susceptibility genes. One is identical to BRCA2. Cells from patients with the D1 subtype of Fanconi's anemia and their family members carry biallelic mutations in BRCA2, and heterozygote members of kindreds with the D1 subtype have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Studies of a rare disorder can thus illuminate a common disorder.
Real time road sign recognition system using artificial neural networks for bengali textual information box (2008)

An Automated Road Sign Recognition system using Artificial Neural Network for the Textual Information box inscribing in Bengali is presented in this paper. The system captures real time images every two seconds and saves them as JPG format files. The system processes the images to find out whether they contain images of road signs or not. The textual information of the road signs is detected and extracted from the images. The Bengali OCR system takes the textual information as an input to recognize individual Bengali characters. The Bengali OCR is implemented using Multi layer Perceptron. The output of the Bengali OCR system is compared with the previously enrolled standard Bengali textual road signs. The throughput which comes from the matching process is used as input for the speech synthesizer and finally the system delivers the audio stream to the driver, either in Bengali or in English based on the user settings. After testing this system, the obtained accuracy rate was evaluated at 91.48%.
A clock jitter insensitive multibit DAC architecture for high-performance low-power continuous-time ΣΔ modulators (2004)

The design of a clock-jitter insensitive multibit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) topology for high-performance low-power continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulators is presented. The 9 level DAC circuit uses a time-variant feedback pulse shape to reduce both the clock jitter influence as well as the slew rate and bandwidth requirements of the used amplifiers and therewith the overall power consumption of the modulator. Additional it will be shown that the proposed concept is suitable for very low supply voltages. The DAC architecture was exemplary implemented in a second-order 2MHz CT /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator for UMTS applications operating at a sample frequency of 50MHz. The modulator operates from a single 1.8V power supply and achieves a 11-bit dynamic range for the 2MHz passband.
Baroreflex control of heart rate by oxytocin in the solitary-vagal complex (2002)

Previous work demonstrated that oxytocinergic projections to the solitary vagal complex are involved in the restraint of exercise-induced tachycardia (2). In the present study, we tested the idea that oxytocin (OT) terminals in the solitary vagal complex [nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS)/dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV)] are involved in baroreceptor reflex control of heart rate (HR). Studies were conducted in male rats instrumented for chronic cardiovascular monitoring with a cannula in the NTS/DMV for brain injections. Basal mean arterial pressure and HR and reflex HR responses during loading and unloading of the baroreceptors (phenylephrine/sodium nitroprusside intravenously) were recorded after administration of a selective OT antagonist (OT(ant)) or OT into the NTS/DMV. The NTS/DMV was selected for study because this region contains such a specific and dense concentration of OT-immunoreactive terminals. Vehicle injections served as a control. OT and OT(ant) changed baroreflex control of HR in opposite directions. OT (20 pmol) increased the maximal bradycardic response (from -56 +/- 9 to -75 +/- 11 beats/min), whereas receptor blockade decreased the bradycardia (from -61 +/- 13 to -35 +/- 2 beats/min). OT(ant) also reduced the operating range of the reflex, thus decreasing baroreflex gain (from -5.68 +/- 1.62 to -2.83 +/- 1.05 beats x min(-1) x mmHg(-1)). OT injected into the NTS/DMV of atenolol-treated rats still potentiated the bradycardic responses to pressor challenges, whereas OT injections had no effect in atropine-treated rats. The brain stem effect was specific because neither vehicle administration nor injection of OT or OT(ant) into the fourth cerebral ventricle had any effect. Our data suggest that OT terminals in the solitary vagal complex modulate reflex control of the heart, acting to facilitate vagal outflow and the slowdown of the heart.
Production of Single-Stranded DNAs by Self-Cleavage of Rolling-Circle Amplification Products (2013)

DNA molecules that encode a small, high-speed self-hydrolyzing deoxyribozyme are used as templates for rolling circle amplification (RCA) to produce single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) of single- and multiple-unit lengths. Including self-cleaving deoxyribozymes in RCA products can generate large amounts of ssDNAs with defined sequence and length as well as precise termini. We also demonstrate the use of this method to efficiently generate ssDNA size markers by using deoxyribozyme reaction conditions that permit partial processing.
A novel clock deskew method by linear programming (2007)

Since the process technology of LSI devices are developing, the process variation becomes a more critical issue. Especially, the clock skew, which is produced by fabrication variation, causes the serious defects for fabricated chip functions. To improve this problem, the several deskew methods using Programmable Delay Elements (PDEs) have been proposed. However, they need much test cost and PDE cost for an industrial application. We propose a novel method with less PDEs and less test cost by Linear Programming (LP). The proposed method calculates the each PDE delay using the feasibility check of LP. Our experiment shows that the nondefective chip rate after applying deskew increase 91.6% with 4 PDEs while the nondefective chip rate before applying deskew are 21.2%. The experimental result confirms that our proposed method is effective for improving the yields and relaxing the design margin.
Successive generation of antigen-presenting, dendritic cell lines from murine epidermis. (1995)

Dendritic cells are specialized APCs that exhibit an extraordinary capacity to activate naive T cells. Langerhans cells (LC), as epithelial tissue-specific members of this family, play key roles in the induction of T cell-mediated immunity against environmental, infectious, and tumor-associated Ags in skin. A major limitation in studying the biology of dendritic cells or LC has been the absence of stable, long-term cell lines. To overcome this limitation, we have established a series of APC lines (XS series) from newborn BALB/c mouse epidermis. XS lines, which have grown for more than 12 mo in culture, exhibit high similarity to LC freshly procured from skin in terms of: a) tissue of derivation (epidermis), b) phenotype (lalow/CD45+/E-cadherin+/B7-1-), c) shape (elongated dendrites), and d) Ag-presenting profile (modest ability to activate naive, allogeneic T cells and remarkable ability to present a protein Ag to primed CD4+ T cells). The availability of XS lines as well as the methodologies used for their growth enhance our capability of studying the biology of LC at biochemical and molecular levels.
Parallel multistage detection for multiple antenna wireless systems (2002)

A parallel detection method is proposed for use in the context of uncoded multiple antenna communication. The method does not require power reordering and helps reduce the system delay at the cost of higher computational complexity. The scheme also shows marked improvement in performance over the classical scheme.
Relaxin is a potent renal vasodilator in conscious rats (1999)

The kidneys and other nonreproductive organs vasodilate during early gestation; however, the "pregnancy hormones" responsible for the profound vasodilation of the renal circulation during pregnancy are unknown. We hypothesized that the ovarian hormone relaxin (RLX) contributes. Therefore, we tested whether the administration of RLX elicits renal vasodilation and hyperfiltration in conscious adult, intact female rats. After several days of treatment with either purified porcine RLX or recombinant human RLX 2 (rhRLX), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased by 20%-40%. Comparable renal vasodilation and hyperfiltration was also observed in ovariectomized rats, suggesting that estrogen and progesterone are unnecessary for the renal response to rhRLX. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester completely abrogated the increase in ERPF and GFR elicited by chronic administration of purified porcine RLX. In contrast, the renal vasoconstrictory response to angiotensin II was attenuated by the RLX treatment. Short-term infusion of purified porcine RLX to conscious rats over several hours failed to increase ERPF and GFR. Plasma osmolality was consistently reduced by the chronic administration of both RLX preparations. In conclusion, the renal and osmoregulatory effects of chronic RLX administration to conscious rats resemble the physiological changes of pregnancy in several respects: (a) marked increases in ERPF and GFR with a mediatory role for nitric oxide; (b) attenuation of the renal circulatory response to angiotensin II; and (c) reduction in plasma osmolality.
Interventions to promote family member involvement in adult critical care settings: a systematic review (2021)

CRD42018086325.