gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Automated, High-precision Repicking to Improve Delineation of Microseismic Structures at the Soultz Geothermal Reservoir (2002)

An automatic, adaptive, correlation-based algorithm for adjusting phase picks in large digital seismic data sets provides significant improvement in resolution of microseismic structures using only a small fraction of the time and manpower which would be required to re-analyze waveforms manually or semi-automatically. We apply this technique to induced seismicity at the Soultz-sous-Forêts geothermal site, France. The method is first applied to a small, previously manually repicked subset of the catalogue so that we may compare our results to those obtained from painstaking, visual, cross-correlation-based techniques. Relative centroid-adjusted hypocenters show a decrease in median mislocation from 31 to 7 m for preliminary and automatically adjusted picks, respectively, compared to the manual results. Narrow, intersecting joint features not observed in the preliminary hypocenter cloud, but revealed through manual repicking, are also recovered using the automatic method. We then address a larger catalogue of ~7000 microearthquakes. After relocating the events using automatic repicks, the percentage of events clustering within 5 m of their nearest neighbor increases form 5 to 26% of the catalogue. Hypocenter relocations delineate narrow, linear features previously obscured within the seismic cloud, interpreted as faults or fractures which may correspond to fluid propagation paths, or to changes in stress as a result of elevated pore pressures. RMS travel-time residuals for the larger data set are reduced by only 0.2%; however, phase-pick biases in the preliminary catalogue have influenced both the velocity model and station correction calculations, which will affect location residuals. These pick biases are apparent on the adjusted, stacked waveforms and correcting them will be important prior to future velocity model refinements.
Breastfeeding after Anaesthesia: A Review of the Pharmacological Impact on Children (2013)

Post-anaesthetic advice imparted to breastfeeding mothers can vary. This is due in part to the differing information from published data, product information sheets and inevitably from the unhindered flow of opinions available on the internet. This literature review examined the evidence relating to drugs commonly used in the modern anaesthetic setting and their impact on breastfed children. It suggests that special precautions are rarely warranted in the post-anaesthetic care of breastfeeding patients.
Structure-Activity Relationships of Flavonoids<i>,</i>Isolated from<i>Scutellaria baicalensis,</i>Binding to Benzodiazepine Site of GABA<sub>A</sub>Receptor Complex (2002)

Twenty-six flavonoids were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. Their affinities for the benzodiazepine (BDZ) binding site of GABA A receptor have been studied using [ 3H]flunitrazepam binding to rat cortical membranes in vitro. The structure-activity relationships suggested that 2'-OH flavones exhibited the most potent binding affinity, which could lead to the design and discovery of new BDZ receptor ligands.
Topology Modification of Hexahedral Meshes Using Atomic Dual-based Operations. (2003)

In longitudinal studies, the relationship between exposure and disease can be measured once or multiple times while participants are monitored over time. Traditional regression techniques are used to model outcome data when each epidemiological unit is observed once. These models include generalized linear models for quantitative continuous, discrete, or qualitative outcome responses and models for time-to-event data. When data come from the same subjects or group of subjects, observations are not independent and the underlying correlation needs to be addressed in the analysis. Under these circumstances, extended models are necessary to handle complexities related to clustered data and repeated measurements of time-varying predictors or outcomes.
Silver-based reflective coatings for micromachined optical filters (1999)

Silver films of 40 nm thickness, evaporated on a 300 nm thick low-stress silicon nitride layer, are used as high-quality mirrors operating in the visible and near IR spectral range. Application of a silicon nitride membrane under tension, placed within a square Si frame after bulk micromachining, improves the initial mirror flatness. Two parallel mirrors, each with square aperture of up to 2x2 mm2 and an electrostatically controlled spacing, form a tunable Fabry–P´erot optical filter. Investigation of the silver-based reflective coatings, and mirror characterization, including influence of bulk micromachining, are presented
Design and Application of a Solid-State AC Motor Starter (1976)

This paper will explore the design, application, and field operating experience of the first complete line of 25-1000 hp solid-state ac motor starters. The contents are as follows: 1) the basic requirements of ac motor starting; 2) power circuitry-a brief review of solid-state; 3) a complete solid-state ac motor starter with provision for reduced voltage starting; 4) application problems, advantages and disadvantages of solid-state; 5) the ``hybrid'' motor starter; 6) new dimensions for squirrel-cage motors using solid-state control; 7) limited range speed control using variable voltage, fixed frequency; 8) the universal replacement. Is it practical?
Research activities on millimeter wave indoor communication systems in Japan (2002)

R&D activities on millimeter-wave indoor communication systems in Japan are described. Attention is given to millimeter-wave propagation characteristics, a system study of indoor communications in offices, and the development of active devices such as MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits) and flat antennas. A comprehensive research program on millimeter-wave indoor communication technologies, including propagation, antimultipath techniques, and antennas, was recently initiated. In the first step, a 60-GHz indoor propagation experimental system with a delay-time resolution on the order of 1 ns, based on a frequency sweep technique, was developed, and measurements of indoor multipath propagation and reflection properties of interior construction materials have been conducted. The 60-GHz system configuration and the major system characteristics are shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Factors affecting chemical‐based purification of DNA from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2011)

Extraction of high molecular weight chromosomal DNA from yeast cells is a procedure that is performed frequently for experiments involving polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blotting and other DNA analysis techniques. We have investigated several parameters affecting DNA yield and quality, using a simple chemical-based purification procedure that was modelled on alkaline lysis methods developed for bacterial cells. The three major steps of the procedure, cell lysis, protein removal and DNA precipitation, were optimized by testing the impacts of several chemicals, including sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium hydroxide, Tris buffer, sodium acetate and potassium acetate. Other parameters, such as the effect of elevated temperatures on cell lysis, were also investigated. A rapid, optimized protocol was derived for the purification of DNA from small cell cultures that can be readily digested with restriction enzymes and used as a template for PCR. Average yield was calculated to be approximately 1.7 µg DNA/10(8) cells, which is similar to the theoretical maximum amount obtainable from haploid yeast cells.
The preparation of calcium superoxide for air breathing and scrubbing applications (1976)

There is interest in the preparation of high-purity calcium superoxide as an oxygen source for breathing apparatus because both the available oxygen and the capacity for carbon dioxide removal, per unit weight of superoxide, are higher than that of a number of other chemical oxygen sources. A review of earlier findings shows that the general method used by Vol'nov and coworkers for the decomposition of calcium peroxide diperoxyhydrate can yield preparations containing more than 58.4% calcium superoxide maximum predicted for an equimolar disproportionation reaction. The decomposition of solid calcium peroxide diperoxyhydrate is studied using an apparatus that allows good control of the critical reaction parameters. The removal of water from decomposing calcium peroxide diperoxyhydrate, before the same water has an opportunity to back react with the calcium superoxide formed in the reaction, constitutes the rationale of the experiments. Even with allowance for the anomalies observed in the analytical results, the yields appear to be in the 65+ percent range, and optimization of the experimental variables is still being pursued.
Production Lens Quality Evaluation by the Simultaneous Measurement of the OTF at Three Field Points (1973)

In this paper we discuss methods for testing and evaluating lenses to determine how well the lens fulfills its designed function over the entire field. The actual image testing system for testing production lenses is described in detail.
Mannose‐binding Protein Recognizes Glioma Cells: <i>In vitro</i> Analysis of Complement Activation on Glioma Cells via the Lectin Pathway (1995)

The lectin pathway is a novel pathway for activation of the complement cascade, which is initiated by the binding of mannose-binding protein (MBP) to its carbohydrate ligands. We investigated whether the complement system was activated in vitro by glioma cells through this pathway to the C3 level. MBP was found to bind to all six glioma cell lines tested by using flow cytometric analysis. Binding of a complex of MBP-associated serine protease and MBP was observed in two of the cell lines examined, thereby resulting in C4 consumption. Activation of C3 was hemolytically evaluated in these two lines. C3 consumption was also observed in one. Based on these results, it is likely that recognition by MBP followed by complement activation occurs in certain glioma cell lines.
The Heme-Bach1 Pathway in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress Response and Erythroid Differentiation (2006)

Heme--as a prosthetic group of proteins required for oxygen transport and storage, respiration, and biosynthetic pathways--is essential for practically all forms of life. Additionally, the degradation products of heme (i.e., carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and bilirubin) produced by the enzymatic actions of heme oxygenase (HO) and biliverdin reductase, possess various biological activities in vivo. In mammalian cells, heme also functions as an intracellular regulator of gene expression by virtue of its ability to bind to Bach1, a transcription factor that functions in association with small Maf proteins. Normally, such complexes function as repressors by binding to specific target sequences, the Maf recognition element (MARE), within enhancers of genes encoding proteins such as HO-1 and beta-globin. By binding to Bach1, heme induces selective removal of the repressor from the gene enhancers permitting subsequent occupancy of the MAREs by activators that, interestingly, also contain small Maf proteins. Thus small Maf proteins play dual functions in gene expression: complexes with Bach1 repress MARE-dependent gene expression, whereas heterodimers with NF-E2 p45 or related factors (Nrf1, Nrf2, and Nrf3) activate MARE-driven genes. By modulating the equilibrium of the small Maf heterodimer network, heme regulates expression of the cytoprotective enzyme HO-1 during the stress response and of beta-globin during erythroid differentiation. Implications of such heme-regulated gene expression in human diseases including atherosclerosis are discussed.
DATA COLLECTION STRATEGIES FOR ACCESSING ADOLESCENT WOMEN'S WORLDS (2002)

A two-year study was initiated in 1999 to investigate adolescent women's health concerns pertaining to their relationships. Data were obtained from four groups of girls (ages 14-19; N = 31) that met for approximately 18 weeks each. To help equalize power in the groups and facilitate a respectful and caring environment, we encouraged each group to use a variety of strategies, including those based on feminist principles. Data collection procedures based on feminist values can enable researchers to gain rich descriptions on the lived experience of adolescent women. Such procedures can help create an environment in which individuals can articulate their concerns and collectively co-construct the meanings of life events in health-promoting and consciousness-raising ways.
Efficient region of interest coding techniques in the upcoming JPEG2000 still image coding standard (2000)

This paper describes the "MAXSHIFT" method for ROI coding in the JPEG2000 standard, which allows coding of the ROIs without transmitting any shape information to the decoder. No shape decoding and no ROI mask generation are required at the decoder. This document also describes a method for fast ROI mask generation for rectangular ROI, and how it can be extended to apply to arbitrarily shaped ROI. This shows that a ROI capable codec that handles arbitrarily shaped ROI, need not be significantly more complex than a non-ROI capable codec. The MAXSHFT method is included in Part I of the JPEG2000 compression system, while the more general scaling based method is likely to be in JPEG2000 Part II.
Inhibitory Effect of the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitor LY294002 on Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Induced Calcium Entry in PC12h Cells (2007)

Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase C (PLC) utilize the same phosphoinositides as substrates to produce different signaling molecules. These enzymes are activated by a similar set of cell signaling mechanisms, i.e., tyrosine kinases and G proteins, and affect common cell functions, including proliferation, motility, and intracellular trafficking. Despite these similarities, the interplay between these enzymes is not well understood. To address this issue, the effects of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 on carbachol-induced calcium increase in PC12h cells were examined. As carbachol stimulates both Gq- and Gi-coupled muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), PI3K and PLC are activated simultaneously in this protocol. LY294002 was found to reduce the carbachol-induced calcium increase, and the reduction was attributed to suppression of calcium entry. As LY294002 did not affect either carbachol-induced calcium release or calcium entry induced by calcium store depletion, this agent was found to suppress calcium entry directly activated by mAChRs. Although PI3K was supposed to compete for substrates with PLC, the PI3K inhibitor did not enhance PLC-dependent cellular responses. As LY294002 was still effective by treating cells after carbachol stimulation, it is likely that this agent blocks the calcium entry channels directly.
Atomic Layer Deposition of GeTe Films Using Ge{N[Si(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub>, {(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Si}<sub>2</sub>Te, and Methanol (2016)

In this report, a new method to deposit GeTe thin film by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is described. Ge(N(Si(CH3)3)2)2, in which Ge is in +2 oxidation state, and ((CH3)3Si)2Te were used as Ge and Te precursors, respectively. GeTe films were deposited at a low wafer temperature of 70–120 °C. To improve low reactivity of Ge(N(Si(CH3)3)2)2 toward ALD-type reaction with ((CH3)3Si)2Te, methanol vapor was coinjected with the Ge precursor and the Te precursor to form a reactive Ge intermediate having methoxy ligands and a Te intermediate having hydrogen ligands in the gas phase. This chemistry-specific ALD process deposited films various compositional GeTe alloys including the desired composition of Ge:Te = 1:1. Detailed mechanism study on the probable chemical reactions and film composition analysis revealed that the film growth could proceed via the formations of GeTe2, GeTe, and Ge2Te phases depending on the relative Ge-precursor concentration during the ALD process. The films showed feasibility for phase-change memory applications.
Eight-Channel 77-GHz Front-End Module With High-Performance Synthesized Signal Generator for FM-CW Sensor Applications (2004)

This paper presents a new frequency-modulated continuous-wave front-end module intended to serve next-generation automotive radar sensors. Providing one transmit and eight receive channels, the module is designed to operate between a multibeam antenna and an advanced signal-processing unit. All receive channels are equipped with low-noise amplifiers, mixers for downconversion, and IF amplifiers. Cascaded buffer amplifiers for the local-oscillator signal enable parallel operation of all receive channels. A high-performance synthesizer provides generation and transmission of arbitrarily programmable frequency ramped waveforms with high stability and linearity. Slope and frequency deviation of the waveforms can be adjusted for the respective radar application. Short settling times of the synthesizer allow very fast slopes and, thus, short distance measurements. An overview of the overall front-end module design and realization approach is given, including a more detailed description of the synthesizer concept. All active millimeter-wave functions are realized with GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuits assembled in a hermetically sealed multichip module (MCM). The MCM itself is incorporated into a three-layer printed-circuit-board stack onto which IF amplification, frequency control, waveform generation as well as dc and bias control is realized. A summary of the measured performance data obtained from correspondingly built-up prototypes is given.
Copolyester studies. III. Melt-spinning, drawing, and mechanical properties of tetramethylene terephthalate–tetramethylene sebacate copolymer fibers (1979)

Fibers have been prepared from tetramethylene terephthalate–tetramethylene sebacate copolymers, containing up to 20 mol % of the latter, using a conventional melt-spinning technique. The mechanical properties of these undrawn fibers and of highly oriented fibers prepared from them have been evaluated. The changes in mechanical properties brought about by the introduction of sebacate groups in poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) have been related to the glass-transition temperatures of the copolymers and to the flexible nature of the sebacate unit. The formation of voids during a continuous drawing process and during mechanical testing is discussed.
Hourglass: An Infrastructure for Connecting Sensor Networks and Applications (2004)

The emergence of computationally-enabled sensors and the applications that use sensor data introduces the need for a software infrastructure designed specifically to enable the rapid development and deployment of applications that draw upon data from multiple, heterogeneous sensor networks. We present the Hourglass infrastructure, which addresses this need. Hourglass is an Internet-based infrastructure for connecting a wide range of sensors, services, and applications in a robust fashion. In Hourglass, a stream of data elements is routed to one or more applications. These data elements are generated from sensors inside of sensor networks whose internals can be entirely hidden from participants in the Hourglass system. The Hourglass infrastructure consists of an overlay network of well-connected dedicated machines that provides service registration, discovery, and routing of data streams from sensors to client applications. In addition, Hourglass supports a set of in-network services such as filtering, aggregation, compression, and buffering stream data between source and destination. Hourglass also allows third party services to be deployed and used in the network. In this paper, we present the Hourglass architecture and describe our test-bed and implementation. We demonstrate how our design maintains streaming data flows in the face of disconnection, allows discovery of and access to data from sensors, supports participants of widely varying capabilities (servers to PDAs), takes advantage of wellprovisioned, well-connected machines, and provides separate efficient communication paths for short-lived control messages and long-lived stream-oriented data. 1
Nature and Constitution of Shellac (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNature and Constitution of ShellacWm. Howlett Gardner, Willet F. Whitmore, and Harry J. HarrisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1933, 25, 6, 696–699Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50282a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50282a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Cytotoxic Principles and Their Derivatives of Formosan Solanum Plants (1993)

The new steroidal alkaloid capsimine-3-O-beta-D-glucoside [1] was isolated from the root bark of Solanum capsicastrum, and carpesterol [2], 3 beta-(p-hydroxy)-benzoyloxy-22 alpha-hydroxy-4 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-stigmast-7-en-6-one [3], and a new steroidal glycoside named indioside A [4] were isolated from the fruit of Solanum indicum. Indioside A was characterized as 3 beta-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2), beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4), beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-]alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(-->2)]-beta-D- glucopyranosyl]-diosgenin. Khasianine, dihydrosolasodine, capsimine, and capsimine-3-O-beta-D-glucoside exhibited strong activity against liver damage induced by CCl4. Capsimine and narigenin exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against human PLC/PRF/5 and KB cells in vitro, and capsicastrine and etioline exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human PLC/PRF/5 cells in vitro.
Printed Document Authentication using Texture Coding. (2009)

The use of image based information exchange has grown rapidly over the years in terms of both e-to-e image storage and transmission and in terms of maintaining paper documents in electronic form. Further, with the dramatic improvements in the quality of COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) printing and scanning devices, the ability to counterfeit electronic and printed documents has become a widespread problem. Consequently, there has been an increasing demand to develop digital watermarking techniques which can be applied to both electronic and printed images (and documents) that can be authenticated, prevent unauthorized copying of their content and, in the case of printed documents, withstand abuse and degradation before and during scanning. In this paper we consider the background to a novel approach to solving this problem that has been developed into practically realisable system.