gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Branched-chain amino acid supplementation does not enhance athletic performance but affects muscle recovery and the immune system. (2008)

Since the 1980's there has been high interest in branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) by sports nutrition scientists. The metabolism of BCAA is involved in some specific biochemical muscle processes and many studies have been carried out to understand whether sports performance can be enhanced by a BCAA supplementation. However, many of these researches have failed to confirm this hypothesis. Thus, in recent years investigators have changed their research target and focused on the effects of BCAA on the muscle protein matrix and the immune system. Data show that BCAA supplementation before and after exercise has beneficial effects for decreasing exercise-induced muscle damage and promoting muscle-protein synthesis. Muscle damage develops delayed onset muscle soreness: a syndrome that occurs 24-48 h after intensive physical activity that can inhibit athletic performance. Other recent works indicate that BCAA supplementation recovers peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation in response to mitogens after a long distance intense exercise, as well as plasma glutamine concentration. The BCAA also modifies the pattern of exercise-related cytokine production, leading to a diversion of the lymphocyte immune response towards a Th1 type. According to these findings, it is possible to consider the BCAA as a useful supplement for muscle recovery and immune regulation for sports events.
Cold and Laser Stimulated Electron Emission from Nanocarbons (2009)

Various types of electron emission are being nowadays applied for the creation of electron beam sources in the vacuum electronic devices such as X-ray, and cathode-ray tubes, microwave devices etc. Study of the electron emission is also an important tool for determination of basic characteristics and specific features of different materials. Carbon based materials have been the focus of many studies of their electron emission properties from fundamental and applied points of view. This is particularly owing to strong atomic bonding in graphite and diamond which provides chemical inertness and sustainability of carbon cathodes under the action of residual gas ion bombardment. Recently great emphasis has been attracted to nanostructured forms of carbons. The field (or cold) emission characteristics of carbon nanotubes are commonly attributed to geometric effects, and other more complex effects associated with field penetration, electronic structure and stationary states. Nanocrystalline diamond films have displayed similar field emission characteristics at relatively low applied fields, and this effect has been assigned to the graphitic carbon inclusions. The efficient field enhancement from these nanodiamond films has been attributed to both morphological effects and grain boundary electrical conductivity. In this paper we review basic theoretical approaches, our computer simulations and recent experimental studies of the electron emission from nanocarbon materials.
A principal component analysis of quasar UV spectra at<i>z</i> ~  3 (2011)

From a principal component analysis (PCA) of 78 z 3 high-quality quasar spectra in the SDSS-DR7 we derive the principal components that characterize the QSO continuum over the full available wavelength range. The shape of the mean continuum is similar to that measured at low-z (z 1), but the equivalent width of the emission lines is larger at low redshift. We calculate the correlation between fluxes at different wavelengths and find that the emission line fluxes in the red part of the spectrum are correlated with those in the blue part. We construct a projection matrix to predict the continuum in the Lyman- forest from the red part of the spectrum. We apply this matrix to quasars in the SDSS-DR7 to derive the evolution with redshift of the mean flux in the Lyman- forest caused by the absorption by the intergalactic neutral hydrogen. A change in the evolution of the mean flux is apparent around z 3 as a steeper decrease of the mean flux at higher redshifts. The same evolution is found when the continuum is estimated from the extrapolation of a power-law continuum fitted in the red part of the quasar spectrum if a correction derived from simple simulations is applied. Our findings are consistent with previous determinations using high spectral resolution data. We provide the PCA eigenvectors over the wavelength range 1020-2000 and the distribution of their weights that can be used to simulate QSO mock spectra.
Modulation of gene expression in a human cell line caused by poliovirus, vaccinia virus and interferon (2007)

The data are relevant for our understanding of how the cells respond to poliovirus and vaccinia virus infection. More annotations, and more microarray studies with related viruses, are required in order to narrow the list of putative defence-related genes.
Development of High-Strength Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Reaction-bonded SiC Ceramics (1988)

This work was undertaken to improve the strength of the conventional Si3N4 reaction-bonded SiC ceramics, a well known material by their very little size change in sintering stage. Metallic Si (average grain size 0.9μm) and SiC (average grain size 16μm) powders were mixed and molded using thermoplastic resin binder and sintered in the 0.88MPa nitrogen gas atmosphere. The maximum bending strength of 350MPa was obtained for the sintered body containing 60Si-40SiC (in weight) plus 9wt% binder. The size change in sintering was minimized to 0.13% under the above process conditions. Several properties of the newly developed ceramics such as high temperature strength, oxidation resistance and thermal diffusivity, were measured.
Classification of Human Posture from Radar Returns Using Ultra-Wideband Radar (2018)

There is a great need for new technology that helps ensure the well-being of senior citizens who have compromised health and are at an elevated risk of injury due to falls. Being able to detect posture and postural changes may be helpful in prediction and prevention of impending falls. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar is an attractive means for patient monitoring because it is inexpensive, capable of penetrating obstacles, privacy preserving and it consumes little power. In this paper, classification of postures, namely sitting, standing and lying is presented using stand-off sensing using UWB radar in an indoor environment. It is found that using location specific classifiers, overall accuracy can be improved. In this paper, a decision tree classifier capable of achieving 85% overall accuracy is proposed. This classifier uses 33 features from 10 second data sample segments.
Organizational transition to enterprise resource planning systems: theoretical choices for process research (1999)

The number of organizations implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) software solutions is rapidly increasing. Transition to ERP systems is often combined with a business process reengineering effort and intended to produce radical organizational change. Prior to conducting research on ERP transition, researchers need to become aware of the theoretical choices available to guide their studies. In this paper, three dimensions of process theories used to explain organizational change are identified: form, motor, and theoretical content. Whereas form deals mainly with the amount and frequency of change, motor refers to the mechanisms explaining how and why change unfolds, and theoretical content consists of specific constructs and their interactions that produce change. In order to make complete theoretical choices, researchers should consider all three dimensions of change in the design of their research. The three dimensions are combined in a framework that can guide research on ERP-related organizational transition.
RDH12 retinopathy: novel mutations and phenotypic description. (2011)

RDH12 mutations account for approximately 7% of disease in our cohort of patients diagnosed with Leber congenital amaurosis and early-onset retinal dystrophy. The clinical features of this disorder are highly characteristic and facilitate candidate gene screening. The term RDH12 retinopathy is proposed as a more accurate description.
Accurate mode boundary detection in digitally controlled boost power factor correction rectifiers (2010)

This paper presents an accurate mode boundary detection technique for digitally controlled boost power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers. Auto-tuning of the current and voltage control loops as well as estimation of power-stage parameters L and C are accomplished using sinusoidal perturbations injected into the control loops. The estimated L value acquired by this perturbation based tuning process is used to improve the detection of the boundary between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) in the presence of inductance tolerance, thereby minimizing the mode transition effects and reducing the input current harmonic distortion. The proposed approach is verified by experimental results on a 300 W digitally controlled boost PFC rectifier prototype.
Functional Properties of Human-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review (2021)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are adult multi-potent cells that can be isolated from many types of tissues including adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord. They show great potential for cell therapy-based treatments, which is why they are being used in numerous clinical trials for a wide range of diseases. However, the success of placebo-controlled clinical trials has been limited, so new ways of improving the therapeutic effects of MSC are being developed, such as their assembly in a 3D conformation. In this meta-analysis, we review aggregate formation, in vitro functional properties and in vivo therapeutic potential displayed by adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord-derived MSC, assembled as spheroids. The databases PubMed and SciELO were used to find eligible articles, using free-words and MeSH terms related to the subject, finding 28 published articles meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the articles selected 15 corresponded to studies using MSC derived from bone marrow, 10 from adipose tissue and 3 from umbilical cord blood or tissue. The MSC spheroids properties analyzed that displayed enhancement in comparison with monolayer 2D culture, are stemness, angiogenesis, differentiation potential, cytokine secretion, paracrine and immunomodulatory effects. Overall studies reveal that the application of MSC spheroids in vivo enhanced therapeutic effects. For instance, research exhibited reduced inflammation, faster wound healing, and closure, functional recovery and tissue repair due to immunomodulatory effects, better MSC engraftment in damaged tissue, higher MSC survival and less apoptosis at the injury. Still, further research and clinical studies with controlled and consistent results are needed to see the real therapeutic efficacy of MSC spheroids.
The IVO Software Blizzard 2007 Entry: Improving Ivona Speech Synthesis System (2007)

In this paper we wish to describe special version of Ivona Speech Synthesis System with US English voice developed in IVO Software for The Blizzard Challenge 2007. Current system is based on improved speech synthesis technique originally developed for the previous challenge - The Blizzard Challenge 2006. An evaluation made by different Blizzard listeners groups, which gave the highest Mean Opinion Score to Ivona shows us, that nowadays Ivona is one of the top of available Text To Speech solutions. Hence we show a basic overview of the Ivona Speech Synthesis System, methodology and problems which we experienced during building US English voice from the ATR database prepared for Blizzard Challenge 2007. We also show a short analysis of Blizzard Challenge 2007 results and future plans of development for Ivona Speech Synthesis System. Index Terms: speech synthesis, Ivona Speech Synthesis System, Blizzard Challenge.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclic α-Allylated α-Fluoroketones (2006)

This manuscript details the development of an asym­metric, palladium-catalyzed, decarboxylative coupling of fluoro­enolates with allyl electrophiles.
<i>Aphanizomenon ovalisporum</i> (Forti) in Lake Kinneret, Israel (1998)

The filamentous cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon ovalisporum was observed for the first time in Lake Kinneret in August 1994 and formed a prominent bloom from September through October. Aphanizomenon ovalisporum reappeared in diminished amounts in the summer and fall of 1995. These events are the first record of significant quantities of a potentially toxic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium in this lake. No definite provenance of inoculum has been identified, although A.ovalisporum was also observed in a newly reflooded area (Lake Agmon) in the catchment. Unusually high water temperatures and low wind inputs were Observed prior to and during the A.ovalisporum bloom period. These, together with possibly enhanced availability of phosphorus or other growth factors, may have contributed to the cyanobacterium growth in 1994. Phosphorus limitation, as indicated by high cellular alkaline phosphatase activity, the onset of stormy conditions and a fall in water temperatures led to the demise of the 1994 bloom. Although the A.ovalisporum bloom in 1994 had no serious direct impact on water quality, the continued presence of a potentially toxic cyanobacterium in Lake Kinneret, a major national water supply source, is a cause for serious
Cloning and purification of a unique lysozyme produced by Bacillus phage phi 29. (1987)

A DNA fragment of the bacteriophage phi 29 chromosome, encoding the entire sequence of phi 29 gene 15, has been cloned into the Escherichia coli expression vector pPLc245 under the control of the phage lambda major leftward promoter, PL. Upon heat induction, a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 26 kDa was overproduced. The molecular mass of this protein corresponds to the 28 kDa predicted for the product of gene 15 from its nucleotide sequence. The overproduced protein has been purified to near homogeneity and confirmed to be the product of gene 15 by amino acid sequence analysis of its N terminus. The purified product of gene 15 has a lysozyme activity similar to other phage-type lysozymes: products of phage T4 gene e and of phage P22 gene 19. However, to our knowledge phi 29 lysozyme is structurally unique among the phage-type lysozymes.
Keratinocyte Extracellular Matrix‐Mediated Regulation of Normal Human Melanocyte Functions (1995)

Active roles of cell-cell interaction between melanocytes and neighboring keratinocytes for the regulation of melanocyte functions in the skin have been suggested. We examined substantial regulatory mechanisms of keratinocyte extracellular matrix (kECMs) for normal human melanocyte functions without direct cell-cell contact. We specially devised kECMs from proliferating or differentiating keratinocytes and further treated them with environmental stimulus ultraviolet B (UVB) for skin pigmentary system. Normal human melanocytes (NHM) were cultured on the various keratinocyte ECMs and initially the effects of the kECMs upon melanocyte morphology (dendrite formation and extension), growth, melanin production and expressions of pigmentation-associated protein (MEL-5) and proliferation-associated protein (proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PCNA/cyclin) were studied. Then we compared the effects of these cell-matrix interactions with those of direct melanocyte-keratinocyte, cell-cell contact in co-culture on melanocyte functions. Melanocytes cultured on any types of the kECMs that were tested significantly extended dendrites more than that on plastic cell culture dish without kECM (control). Melanocytes cultured on any types of the kECMs that were tested significantly extended dendrites more than that on plastic cell culture dish without kECM (control). Melanocytes cultured on the kECM prepared from UVB irradiated differentiating keratinocytes resulted in 219% increase in the number of dendrites. The growth of melanocytes on kECMs was also stimulated up to 280% of control. The kECM produced by proliferating keratinocytes had a more significant effect on the growth than kECM from differentiating keratinocytes. This melanocyte growth stimulating effect was decreased with kECM from UVB treated differentiating keratinocytes. The melanin content per melanocyte was constant on any of the kECMs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ROLES OF OPIOID PEPTIDES OF PAG IN ANALOGOUS ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE INHIBITION OF EXPERIMENTAL ARRHYTHMIA: ANALYZED BY SPECIFIC ANTISERA MICROINJECTION (1986)

Using specific antisera microinjected into periaqueductal grey (PAG), we further studied the mechanism of the analogous electroacupuncture, deep peroneal nerve stimulation (DPNS), inhibition on the experimental arrhythmia, hypothalamic stimulation-induced ventricular extrasystoles (HVE). Neither normal serum nor anti-leu-enkephalin antiserum interfered with DPNS inhibition; anti-dynorphin A (1-8) tended to attenuate the inhibition; and anti-beta-endorphin antiserum blocked it. The results provided further evidence for the hypothesis that beta-endorphin in PAG plays an important role in the neural circuit of DPNS inhibition on HVE.
Isolation of deoxyecrustecdysone, deoxyecdysone, and α-ecdysone from the fern Blechnum minus (1970)

Y. K. Chong, M. N. Galbraith and D. H. S. Horn, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1970, 1217 DOI: 10.1039/C29700001217
Models for parallel processing within programs (1978)

Approximate queueing models for internal parallel processing by individual programs in a multiprogrammed system are developed in this paper. The solution technique is developed by network decomposition. The models are formulated in terms of CPU:I/O and I/O:I/O overlap and applied to the analysis of these problems. The percentage performance improvement from CPU:I/O overlap is found to be greatest for systems which are in approximate CPU:I/O utilization balance and for low degrees of multiprogramming. The percentage improvement from I/O:I/O overlap is found to be greatest for systems in which the I/O system is more utilized than the CPU.
Multiple selections in smart text editing (2002)

Multiple selections, though heavily used in file managers and drawing editors, are virtually nonexistent in text editing. This paper describes how multiple selections can automate repetitive text editing. Selection guessing infers a multiple selection from positive and negative examples provided by the user. The multiple selection can then be used for inserting, deleting, copying, pasting, or other editing commands. Simultaneous editing uses two levels of inference, first inferring a group of records to be edited, then inferring multiple selections with exactly one selection in each record. Both techniques have been evaluated by user studies and shown to be fast and usable for novices. Simultaneous editing required only 1.26 examples per selection in the user study, approaching the ideal of 1-example PBD. Multiple selections bring many benefits, including better user feedback, fast, accurate inference, novel forms of intelligent assistance, and the ability to override system inferences with manual corrections.
Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Chemistry based on the sparsity of the CI-matrix (2013)

Quantum chemistry provides a target for quantum simulation of considerable scientific interest and industrial importance. The majority of algorithms to date have been based on a second-quantized representation of the electronic structure Hamiltonian - necessitating qubit requirements that scale linearly with the number of orbitals. The scaling of the number of gates for such methods, while polynomial, presents some serious experimental challenges. However, because the number of electrons is a good quantum number for the electronic structure problem it is unnecessary to store the full Fock space of the orbitals. Representation of the wave function in a basis of Slater determinants for fixed electron number suffices. However, to date techniques for the quantum simulation of the Hamiltonian represented in this basis - the CI-matrix - have been lacking. We show how to apply techniques developed for the simulation of sparse Hamiltonians to the CI-matrix. We prove a number of results exploiting the structure of the CI-matrix, arising from the Slater rules which define it, to improve the application of sparse Hamiltonian simulation techniques in this case. We show that it is possible to use the minimal number of qubits to represent the wavefunction, and that these methods can offer improved scaling in the number of gates required in the limit of fixed electron number and increasing basis set size relevant for high-accuracy calculations. We hope these results open the door to further investigation of sparse Hamiltonian simulation techniques in the context of the quantum simulation of quantum chemistry.
Social Interactions in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Gamers (2007)

To date, most research into massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) has examined the demographics of play. This study explored the social interactions that occur both within and outside of MMORPGs. The sample consisted of 912 self-selected MMORPG players from 45 countries. MMORPGs were found to be highly socially interactive environments providing the opportunity to create strong friendships and emotional relationships. The study demonstrated that the social interactions in online gaming form a considerable element in the enjoyment of playing. The study showed MMORPGs can be extremely social games, with high percentages of gamers making life-long friends and partners. It was concluded that virtual gaming may allow players to express themselves in ways they may not feel comfortable doing in real life because of their appearance, gender, sexuality, and/or age. MMORPGs also offer a place where teamwork, encouragement, and fun can be experienced.
International Quality Assurance Study for Characterization of<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (2007)

Surveillance of group A streptococcal (GAS) infections was undertaken as a major component of the European Commission-funded project on severe GAS disease in Europe (strep-EURO). One aim of strep-EURO was to improve the quality of GAS characterization by standardization of methods. An external quality assurance study (EQA) was therefore carried out to evaluate current global performance. Eleven strep-EURO and seven other streptococcal reference centers received a panel of 20 coded GAS isolates for typing. Conventional phenotypic typing (based on cell surface T and M protein antigens and opacity factor [OF] production) and molecular methods (emm gene typing) were used either as single or combined approaches to GAS typing. T typing was performed by 16 centers; 12 centers found one or more of the 20 strains nontypeable (typeability, 89%), and 11 centers reported at least one incorrect result (concordance, 93%). The 10 centers that tested for OF production achieved 96% concordance. Limited availability of antisera resulted in poor typeability values from the four centers that performed phenotypic M typing (41%), three of which also performed anti-OF typing (typeability, 63%); however, concordance was high for both M (100%) and anti-OF (94%) typing. In contrast, the 15 centers that performed emm gene sequencing achieved excellent typeability (97%) and concordance (98%), although comparison of the performance between centers yielded typeability rates from 65 to 100% and concordance values from 83 to 100%. With the rapid expansion and use of molecular genotypic methods to characterize GAS, continuation of EQA is essential in order to achieve international standardization and comparison of type distributions.