gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time Dependency of Factors Affecting Renal Allograft Survival (2000)

The function of renal transplants can deteriorate at any time posttransplant, but the risks and mechanisms may differ at different times posttransplant. Survival of 522 consecutive cadaveric renal transplant recipients followed for at least 6 mo were analyzed, with patient death censored. The overall risk factors in univariate analysis were acute rejection requiring antibody therapy (AR), delayed graft function, elevated serum creatinine at 6 mo, high panel-reactive antibodies, and donor age > or =55 yr, with borderline effects of recipient age and female gender. These risks were studied in each of three intervals posttransplantation: < or =6 mo, 6 mo to 5 yr, and >5 yr. Of the 135 graft failures, 53 occurred < or =6 mo, 61 between 6 mo and 5 yr, and 21 beyond 5 yr. By multivariate analysis. the risks for graft failure in interval < or =6 mo were AR (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.86, P < 0.001); delayed graft function (HR = 1.47, P = 0.06): and high panel-reactive antibodies (HR = 2.04, P = 0.0(3). Between 6 mo and 5 yr, the risks for graft loss were AR (HR = 2.87, P < 0.001) and serum creatinine at 6 mo > or =150 micromol/L (HR = 3.69, P < 0.001). Beyond 5 yr the risk factors were donor age > or =55 yr (HR = 5.87, P = 0.002), with a borderline effect of kidneys from female donors (HR = 2.28, P = 0.07). HLA-A, -B, and -DR matching and presensitization had most of their effect through early AR and impaired function. The results indicate that risks for graft loss are time-dependent: early losses correlate with injury and rejection, but late events correlate with donor age and possibly workload.
Biological Assay of Inorganic Manganese for Chicks (1970)

MANY inorganic forms of manganese are available for use as supplements in poultry feeds. A suitable assay for biological availability of the element, however, is not available, and little is known of the relative utilization of the various supplemental sources by the chick. Early reports by Schaible et al. (1938) and Gallup and Norris (1939) stated that practically all the chemical forms were of equal value to the chick except for a few carbonate and silicate ores. In these studies, the only criterion of availability was the ability of the manganese supplement to prevent the occurrence of perosis. More recently, Hennig et al. (1967) reported that radioactive manganese as 54 MnCl2 was incorporated into the body of a chick to a significantly greater extent than manganese as 54 MnSO4 or 54 MnO2. Only a few of the products which are currently available for use as manganese supplements were tested, and the levels of…
Control of Surface Properties Using Fluorinated Polymer Brushes Produced by Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization (2004)

Surface-grafted styrene-based homopolymer and diblock copolymer brushes bearing semifluorinated alkyl side groups were synthesized by nitroxide-mediated controlled radical polymerization on planar silicon oxide surfaces. The polymer brushes were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), and time-dependent water contact angle measurements. Angle-resolved XPS studies and water contact angle measurements showed that, in the case of the diblock copolymer brushes, the second block to be added was always exposed at the polymer-air interface regardless of its surface energy. Values of z*/Rg were estimated based on the radius of gyration, Rg, of the grafted homopolymer or block copolymer chains for the grafted brushes and thickness of the brush, z*. The fact that z*/Rg > 1 suggests that all these brushes are stretched. These results support the idea that after grafting the first block onto the surface the nitroxide-end capped polymer chains were able to polymerize the second block in a "living" fashion and the stretched brush so formed was dense enough that the outermost block in all cases completely covers the surface. NEXAFS analysis showed a relationship between the surface orientation of the fluorinated side chains and brush thickness with thicker brushes having more oriented side chains. Time-dependent water contact angle measurements revealed that the orientation of the side chains of the brush improved the surface stability toward reconstruction upon prolonged exposure to water.
Synthesis of entadamide A and entadamide B isolated from Entada phaseoloides and their inhibitory effects on 5-lipoxygenase. (1989)

Two new sulfur-containing amides, entadamide A (1) and entadamide B (2), isolated from the seeds of Entada phaseoloides, were synthesized by the addition reaction of methanethiol to propiolic acid (5) followed by condensation with ethanolamine by the use of dicyclohexylcarbadiimide. These compounds inhibited the 5-lipoxygenase activity of RBL-1 cells at 10(-4) g/ml. This finding suggests that entadamides A and B may be examples of a new type of antiinflammatory drug.
Improved anchoring of nephrostomy catheters: loop technique (1980)

Improved anchoring of nephrostomy catheters: loop techniqueC CopeAudio Available | Share
Synthesis, Structure, and Alkyne Reactivity of a Dimeric (Carbene)copper(I) Hydride (2004)

The monomeric, two-coordinate carbene complex (IPr)CuO-t-Bu (1) (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) reacts readily with silanes such as triethoxysilane, forming a dimeric copper(I) hydride complex (2) with a very short copper−copper distance. Hydrocupration of 3-hexyne by 2 affords a monomeric copper(I) vinyl complex.
Circulating PSA-Containing Macrophages as a Possible Target for the Detection of Prostate Cancer (2008)

A major problem of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for predicting prostate cancer risk is diagnostic uncertainty. To detect circulating macrophages with phagocytized fragments (eg, PSA) of prostate tumor cells and determine if the number of circulating PSA-containing macrophages can help differentiate between benign and malignant prostate disease, we collected mononuclear cells from peripheral blood. After labeling the macrophages, phagocytized PSA was detected by incubating the cells with a phycoerythrin-conjugated PSA monoclonal antibody. Flow cytometric analysis was performed. A significant difference was observed in the mean+/-SD percentage of activated macrophages (CD14+/CD16+) between malignant (28.8%+/-13.0%) and benign conditions (17.3%+/-6.8%; P< .0001). A significant increase was detected in the percentage of PSA-containing macrophages in prostate cancer (17.7%+/-12.3%) vs benign disorders (3.6%+/-1.9%; P< .0001) and between localized (10.5%+/-3.4%) and metastasized prostate carcinoma (26.3%+/-14.3%; P= .0002). The new method for detecting circulating PSA-containing macrophages can be suitable for differentiating prostate cancer from benign conditions and, possibly, low-risk from more aggressive prostate cancer.
Polyproline II Helix Is a Key Structural Motif of the Elastic PEVK Segment of Titin (2001)

Titin is a family of giant elastic proteins that constitute an elastic sarcomere matrix in striated muscle. In the I-band region of the sarcomere, where titin extends and develops passive force upon stretch, titin is composed of tandem repeats of ∼100 residue immunoglobin domains and ∼28-residue PEVK modules. We have performed 2D NMR and circular dichroism (CD) studies of the conformations of one representative 28-mer PEVK module from human fetal titin (PEPPKEVVPEKKAPVAPPKKPEVPPVKV). NMR data of synthetic peptides of this module as well as three constituent peptides of 9 to 12 residues in aqueous solutions reveal distinguishing features for left-handed three-residue per turn PPII helices: the lack of NOE NN(i, i+1), very large NOE αN(i, i+1)/NN(i, i+1), no medium range NOE αN(i, i+2), and dihedral angles φ and ψ values of −78 and 146, respectively. Structural determinations indicate the presence of three short stretches of PPII helices of 4, 5, and 6 residues that are interposed with an unordered, and presumably flexible, spacer region to give one “polyproline II helix-coil” or “PhC” motif for roughly every 10 residues. These peptides also display the characteristic PPII CD spectra: positive peak or negative shoulder band at 223 nm, negative CD band near 200 nm, and biphasic thermal titration curves that reflect varied stability of these PPII helices. We propose that this PhC motif is a fundamental feature and that the number, length, stability, and distribution of PPII is important in the understanding of the elasticity and protein interactions of the PEVK region of titin.
Entanglement Dynamics in 1D Quantum Cellular Automata (2003)

Several proposed schemes for the physical realization of a quantum computer consist of qubits arranged in a cellular array. In the quantum circuit model of quantum computation, an often complex series of two-qubit gate operations is required between arbitrarily distant pairs of lattice qubits. An alternative model of quantum computation based on quantum cellular automata (QCA) requires only homogeneous local interactions that can be implemented in parallel. This would be a huge simplification in an actual experiment. We find some minimal physical requirements for the construction of unitary QCA in a 1 dimensional Ising spin chain and demonstrate optimal pulse sequences for information transport and entanglement distribution. We also introduce the theory of non-unitary QCA and show by example that non-unitary rules can generate environment assisted entanglement.
Audiovisual Quality Estimation for Mobile Streaming Services (2005)

3G mobile terminals supporting audio and video streaming services became reality although the perceptual quality for such low bit rates is limited. To select optimal codec parameters for audio and video, it is important to consider corresponding quality requirements based on human perception. The intention of this paper is to estimate perceptual audiovisual quality for low bit rate videos. We performed subjective perceptual experiments for audio, video and audiovisual quality for music and speech video contents. These experiments were carried out for different audio and video codecs supported by today's mobile terminals. Furthermore, we study the simultaneous influence of music and speech quality on subjective perceptual video quality and mutually compensation effect that occurs in this context. Finally, we propose audiovisual metric for an automated quality estimation.
Formation of quantum-dot quantum-well heteronanostructures with large lattice mismatch: ZnS/CdS/ZnS (2001)

Two-dimensional heterostructures have been exploited extensively in the synthesis of optoelectronic devices. Structures with small lattice mismatch can be synthesized readily. Large lattice mismatch in II–VI film heterostructures makes synthesis of devices with these materials more difficult. However, these large mismatch heterostructures usually have useful optical properties. One such heterostructure is the ZnS/CdS system with a large exciton binding energy and a large band gap useful for blue–green emitting devices. In this work, small II–VI nanoparticles are studied. We show that II–VI heterostructures can be made in quantum dots, despite the large bulk lattice mismatch. Two well-known techniques are combined to synthesize first very small ZnS and CdS seed nanoparticles and then do nanoepitaxy on them to produce ZnS/CdS core/shell quantum-dot quantum-well heteronanostructures. These structures are characterized by UV visible absorbance. Measured spectra are compared with electronic level structures calculated for the fabricated heteronanostructures with a tight-binding model. The consistency of the observed spectra with the predicted transitions indicates that the desired core/shell and core/shell/clad structures were grown. The metastability of the ZnS/CdS/ZnS heteronanostructures is attributed to low-temperature construction and small crystal size (&lt;3 nm). The small particle size should produce large surface forces and ZnS core contraction. Also, the small particle size should accommodate strain, as a result of the ZnS/CdS interfacial curvature, which is not possible for planar systems. Furthermore, this new structure is kinetically stabilized against alloying by the large size difference between the Cd2+ ion and Zn2+ ions. We suggest that all of these factors contribute to the formation of quantum-dot quantum-well ZnS/CdS/ZnS heteronanostructures.
RELATION OF CHANGES IN STORM TIDES ON THE COAST OF THE GULF OF MEXICO TO THE CENTER AND MOVEMENT OF HURRICANES (1920)

SYNOPSIS A brief summary of what is known bearing directly on this subject concerning wind and waves is given. Hurricanes are in all instances preceded by storm tides. The water commences rising on the coast in front of the cyclonic area, one to two days before the storm in experienced. The wind velocities and directions in different parts of the hurricane, as deduced theoretically, do not meet the requirements in this study to explain the rises in tides. Composite charts showing the actual wind directions and velocities determined from stations in the different parts of the cyclonic area are submitted. In the right-hand rear quadrant the winds blow with much greater velocity and persist in the same direction longer than in any other part of the hurricane. At stations in this quadrant the wind has been found to blow for 24 hours or longer with a direction in line with the advance of the hurricane, with an average velocity of 60 miles per hour, and for 13 hours at 70 to 85 miles per hour. In other parts of the cyclonic area the wind continues to blow over the water in the same direction for only a few hours. Winds in the cyclonic area over water develop waves of a size and length which bear a relation to the sustained velocity of the wind and the length of time the waves are under the influence of the same wind direction. Waves of different sizes are developed in proportion to the winds which prevail in the different parts of the cyclonic area. The largest and longest waves are created in the rear right-hand quadrant; these waves pass on through the cyclonic area and move to shore where they cause a rise in the water in the front of and on the right of the line over which the center of the hurricane is advancing. This rise begins when the center of the hurricane is 300 to 500 miles distant, and continues until the hurricane moves inland. The heights of the water reached at shore near the center of the storm vary from S to 15 feet above mean Gulf level. Changes in the position of the rise of the storm tide indicate changes in the course of the storm. Bold-face figures in parenthesis refer to authorities preceded by the same figure in the bibliography at the end of this paper.
Control over Catenation in Pillared Paddlewheel Metal–Organic Framework Materials via Solvent-Assisted Linker Exchange (2013)

Control over catenation in a pillared paddlewheel metal–organic framework was achieved via solvent-assisted linker exchange. The linker exchange was demonstrated on the noncatenated structure of DO-MOF, by using 4,4′-bipyridine (L4) and 4,4′-azobis(pyridine) (L5) as linkers, leading to noncatenated materials SALEM-3 and SALEM-4. The de novo synthesized analogues of SALEM-3 and SALEM-4 can only be obtained as 2-fold interpenetrated frameworks. The reaction progress of the linker exchange was monitored by NMR spectroscopy, and structure and framework catenation were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric methods.
Knockdown of microRNA-1323 restores sensitivity to radiation by suppression of PRKDC activity in radiation-resistant lung cancer cells (2015)

Resistance to radiation is a major problem in cancer treatment. The mechanisms of radioresistance remain poorly understood; however, mounting evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the modulation of key cellular pathways mediating the response to radiation. The present study aimed to identify specific miRNAs and their effect on radioresistant cells. The global miRNA profile of an established radioresistant lung cancer cell line and the corresponding control cells was determined. Differential expression of the miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The binding effect of identical novel miRNAs and target mRNAs was determined by luciferase assay. Lung cancer cells were transfected with miRNA-specific mimics or inhibitors. The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) protein level was tested by western blot analysis. Radiosensitivity of cancer cells was determined using colony formation assay. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, 25 miRNAs were overexpressed while 18 were suppressed in the radioresistant cells, both basally and in response to radiation compared to their control. An miRNA signature miR-1323 exhibited a >5-fold increase in the radioresistant cells. miR-1323 was demonstrated to bind to PRKDC 3'UTR, which is involved in DNA repair. Ectopic expression of miR-1323 significantly increased the survival fraction of irradiated cancer cells. Inhibition of miR-1323 reversed the radioresistance of cancer cells and subsequently suppressed the expression of miR-1323-regulated DNA-PKcs protein. The present study indicated that miRNAs are involved in the radioresistance of human lung cancer cells. A possible mechanism for resistance to radiation was via enhanced DNA repair. The present study demonstrated a role for miR-1323 in modulating radioresistance and highlights the need for further study investigating the potential role of miR-1323 as both a predictive marker of response and a novel therapeutic agent with which to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.
Formalizing XACML Using Defeasible Description Logics (2006)

XACML has emerged as a popular access control language on the Web, but because of its rich expressiveness, it has proved difficult to analyze in an automated fashion. Previous attempts to analyze XACML policies either use propositional logic or full First-Order logic. In this paper, we present a formalization of XACML using Description Logics (DL). This formalization allows us to extend the subset of XACML supported by propositional logic-based analysis tools, and in addition we provide a new analysis service (policy redundancy).In addition, mapping XACML to description logics allows us to use off-the-shelf DL reasoners for XACML analysis tasks such as policy comparison, policy verification and querying. We provide empirical evaluation of a policy analysis tool that was implemented on top of open source reasoner Pellet.
<i>In Vivo</i> Efficacy of the Novel Aminoglycoside ACHN-490 in Murine Infection Models (2011)

ABSTRACT Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum antibiotics with particular clinical utility against life-threatening infections. As resistance to antibiotics, including aminoglycosides, continues to grow, there is a need for new and effective antimicrobial agents. ACHN-490 is a novel aminoglycoside in clinical development with activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and select Gram-positive pathogens. Here we assess the in vivo efficacy of ACHN-490 against a variety of common pathogens in two murine models: the septicemia and neutropenic thigh models. When its activity against a gentamicin-susceptible strain of Escherichia coli was tested in the septicemia model, ACHN-490 improved 7-day survival with a dose-response profile similar to that of gentamicin, with 100% survival seen at doses of 1.6 mg/kg of body weight and above. In animals infected with a gentamicin-susceptible strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , treatment with either ACHN-490 or gentamicin led to 100% survival at doses of 16 mg/kg and above in the septicemia model. ACHN-490 was also effective in the neutropenic thigh model, reducing multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae family and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, as well as broadly susceptible strains, to static levels with dose-dependent activity. Against gentamicin-sensitive Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant S. aureus , the efficacy of ACHN-490 was comparable to that of gentamicin. However, gentamicin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains and those harboring the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase responded to ACHN-490 but not gentamicin, with static doses ranging from 12 mg/kg to 64 mg/kg for ACHN-490. These results suggest that ACHN-490 has the potential to become a clinically useful agent against drug-resistant pathogens, including Enterobacteriaceae , P. aeruginosa , and methicillin-resistant S. aureus , and support further development of this promising novel aminoglycoside.
Maximising opportunities in supercritical chemistry: the continuous conversion of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone in CO2 (2007)

Phase behaviour is manipulated during the hydrogenation of aqueous levulinic acid in supercritical CO(2) to separate almost pure gamma-valerolactone from water and unreacted acid with reduced energy requirements compared to conventional processing.
Riblet drag reduction at flight conditions (1988)

Paper describes perforated and nonperforated riblet tests on the fuselage of a modified Learjet Model 28/29 twin-engine business jet at Reynolds numbers 1.0-2.75 x 10 to the 6th/ft and Mach numbers 0.3-0.7. Drag reductions of the order of 6 percent at nondimensional wall spacings of 12 were obtained using boundary-layer rakes and direct drag balances. At the measurement locations the Reynolds number based on distance was 1.0-46 x 10 to the 6th. The nondimensional wall spacing for maximum drag reduction was well-predicted by low-speed wind-tunnel data, but the maximum drag reduction was lower. The low drag is tentatively ascribed to various instrumentation difficulties and the flow field on the aircraft. Riblets with 0.010-in. perforations at center spacings of 0.25 in. were found to give the same drag reduction as nonperforated riblets.
Induction of a secreted protein by the myxoid liposarcoma oncogene (1999)

The TLS-CHOP oncoprotein, found in the majority of human myxoid liposarcomas, consists of a fusion between the transcription factor CHOP/GADD153 and the N terminus of an RNA-binding protein TLS/FUS. Clinical correlation and in vitro transformation assays indicate that the N terminus of TLS plays an important role in oncogenesis by TLS-CHOP. Until now, however, the only activity attributed to the oncoprotein is that of inhibiting the binding of transcription factors of the C/EBP class to certain adipogenic target genes, a function that TLS-CHOP shares with the nononcogenic CHOP protein. Here we report the isolation of a gene, DOL54, that is activated in primary fibroblasts by the expression of TLS-CHOP. DOL54 is expressed in the neoplastic component of human myxoid liposarcomas and increases the tumorigenicity of cells injected in nude mice. Activation of DOL54 requires an intact DNA-binding and dimerization domain in TLS-CHOP, a suitable cellular dimerization partner, and depends on the TLS N terminus. Normal adipocytic differentiation is associated with an early and transient expression of DOL54, and the gene encodes a secreted protein that is tightly associated with the cell surface or extracellular matrix. TLS-CHOP thus leads to the unscheduled expression of a gene that is normally associated with adipocytic differentiation.
Systematic Analysis of Browser History Evidence (2020)

Traces of browser usage are an important piece of digital evidence in many cases. In the literature, it is usually assumed that the entries in the browser history and the browser cache reliably indicate which URL was accessed and at which time this was done. Using the market leaders Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox as examples, and comparing our results with older versions of Internet Explorer, we show that this exact correspondence between stored URL and real URL on the one side and the stored timestamp and the real time of the action is not always true. On the contrary, it is rather common that browsers record the timestamp of a user action several seconds after the action really happened. It can even happen that browsers sometimes record a different domain from the domain that was actually visited. The basis for our insights was a large scale experiment using an automatic deployment of virtual machines, resulting in a dataset of considerable size.