gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Desmopressin in Elderly Subjects with Increased Nocturnal Diuresis (1993)

This study describes changes in diuresis during a two-month treatment with 40 micrograms desmopressin (Minirin) in a group of elderly persons with increased nocturnal diuresis and decreased ADH secretion. The average age of the men (n = 7) was 72 +/- 4 years and of the women (n = 14) 73 +/- 6 years. Nocturnal diuresis decreased after one and two months by 21% and 20% in the men and by 36% and 34% in the women, respectively. Half of the change persisted among the women but not among the men one month after the treatment. The decrease in nocturnal diuresis was greatest among those who, before the treatment, had a large part of their diuresis during the night. Diuresis during the day changed only insignificantly. Body weight did not change during treatment, nor did blood pressure, osmolality, sodium or potassium in serum. Sleep improved during treatment. In one case, side-effects were observed, with a feeling of swelling in the body and decreased diuresis in the morning.
Z-axis interconnects using fine pitch, nanoscale through-silicon vias: Process development (2004)

A through-silicon via (TSV) process provides a means of implementing complex, multichip systems entirely in silicon, with a physical packing density many times greater than today's advanced MCMs. This technology overcomes the RC delays associated with long, in-plane interconnects by bringing out-of-plane logic blocks much closer electrically, and provides a connection density that makes using those blocks for random logic possible by even small system partitions. TSVs and 3-D stacking technology have the potential to significantly reduce the average wire length of block-to-block interconnects by stacking logic blocks vertically instead of spreading them out horizontally. However, even though TSVs have great potential, there are many fabrication issues that must be considered. The rationale for systems based on TSVs, and a fabrication process development plan for the creation of these structures, was presented by S. Spiesshoefer et al. (see ECTC Proc., p.631-33, 2003). The development plan included five main areas for TSV fabrication: formation of the blind vias, deposition of the insulation and seed layers, copper plating, wafer thinning, and wafer backside processing. The project goal is to create high aspect ratio vias four to six microns in diameter on 20-micron pitch in wafers that are subsequently thinned to a thickness of 15 to 20 microns. This paper will discuss the results obtained during the TSV fabrication in detail and explain the process development decisions that were made.
Polypropylene Meshes to Prevent Abdominal Herniation. Can Stable Coatings Prevent Adhesions in the Long Term? (2008)

Abdominal surgery is associated with a significant risk for incisional herniation. Hernia repair is routinely performed by implantation of synthetic meshes. Such meshes may cause serious adhesions between the implanted material and organs leading to intestinal obstruction or enterocutaneous fistulas. This study compares three knitted meshes for their capacity to prevent adhesion formation in an in vivo study. The meshes evaluated are polypropylene (Prolene), polypropylene coated with oxygenated regenerated cellulose-in principle-a biodegradable biomaterial (Proceed, and Prolene coated with a nondegradable copolymer of the hydrophilic building block N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) and the hydrophobic building block n-butylmethacrylate (BMA). The meshes were implanted in the abdomen of rats (follow-up 7 or 30 days). After 7 days, the formation of adhesions decreased in the order: Prolene > NVP/BMA-coated Prolene > Proceed; after 30 days, this order changed into: Proceed > Prolene > NVP/BMA-coated Prolene. Both at 7 and at 30 days, Proceed was the only mesh surrounded by macrophage cells that contained foreign materials, presumably degradation products of the (biodegradable) surface coating. The data indicate that long-term protection of implanted meshes against excessive adhesions may be achieved through stable biocompatible hydrogel surface coatings.
Modulation of antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural killer activity by Adriamycin and daunorubicin (1982)

Mouse effector cells isolated from various anatomical sources failed to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against alloantiserum-coated L1210 murine leukemia cell targets, whereas rat spleen cells appeared to be potent mediators of this activity. Following suppression of effector cell function 3 days after a single drug injection, the nylon wool non-adherent population of rat spleen cells from daunorubicin (DM)-treated rats demonstrated an increased ability to mediate ADCC compared to controls. Alternatively, although suppression occurred at day 7, no rebound enhancement was demonstrated by the same cell population isolated from Adriamycin (AM)-treated animals for as long as 12 days post-injection. Natural killer (NK) activity, measured as the ability of the nylon wool non-adherent rat spleen cell population to lyse uncoated L1210 cells, was modulated by drug treatment in a similar manner at each time point although the changes were not significant. In contrast to NK cells for which a substantial amount of activity remained adherent to nylon wool, all K cell activity was found in the non-adherent spleen cell population. The effector cell, in both cases, was not susceptible to antithymocyte serum plus complement treatment; however, NK activity appeared trypsin-sensitive whereas K cell activity did not. Therefore, AM and DM demonstrated different activities with regard to in vivo modulation of antitumoral ADCC.
Heterogeneous Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Integrated Photonics for Electrooptics and Nonlinear Optics (2018)

Ion-sliced thin-film lithium niobate (LN) compact waveguide technology has facilitated the resurgence of integrated photonics based on the material. The thin-film waveguides offer over an order of magnitude improvement in optical confinement and bending radius compared to conventional LN waveguides. The thin-film technology can also be implemented on versatile silicon substrates. Harnessing the improved confinement, a variety of miniaturized and efficient photonic devices has been realized. The state of the art of thin-film LN integrated photonics is reviewed, focusing on heterogeneous integration, electrooptic modulation, and nonlinear frequency conversion. The potential applications and associated challenges of next-generation LN-based integrated photonics are discussed.
Isolation of a metal-activated transcription factor gene from Candida glabrata by complementation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1991)

Metal-inducible transcription of metallothionein (MT) genes involves the interaction of metal-responsive trans-acting factors with specific promoter DNA sequence elements. In this report, we present a genetic selection using the baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to clone a gene from Candida glabrata encoding a metal-activated DNA-binding protein denoted AMT1. This selection is based on the ability of the AMT1 gene product to activate expression of the C. glabrata MT-I gene in a copper-sensitive S. cerevisiae host strain. DNA-binding studies using AMT1 protein expressed in Escherichia coli demonstrate that AMT1 is activated by copper or silver to bind to both the MT-I and MT-II promoters of C. glabrata. Sequence comparison of AMT1 protein to the S. cerevisiae copper- or silver-activated DNA-binding protein, ACE1, indicates that AMT1 contains the 11 amino terminal cysteine residues known to be critical for the metal-activated DNA-binding activity of ACE1. In contrast, the carboxyl-terminal portion of AMT1 bears only slight similarity at the primary structure level to the same region of ACE1 known to be important for transcriptional activation. These results suggest that the amino-terminal cysteines, and other conserved residues, play an important role in the ability of AMT1 and ACE1 to sense intracellular copper levels and assume a metal-activated DNA-binding structure.
Thermally stable photoaligned <i>p</i>‐cyanoazobenzene moieties in polymer thin films (1999)

Abstract Poly(4‐cyano‐4î‐methacryloyloxyazobenzene) displayed a slow E ‐to‐ Z photoisomerization rate and a low Z ‐isomer content at a photostationary state in a film. Linearly polarized 436 nm light irradiation resulted in the gradual generation of dichroism due to the reorientation of the azobenzene chromophores. The photodichroism was enhanced markedly by heating the film and not deteriorated even at 240 °C. Discussion was made on the thermally enhanced photodichroism of the polymer with p ‐cyanoazobenzene side chains in respect to its semi‐crystallinity.
Smart antenna system analysis, integration and performance for mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) (2002)

This paper focuses on the interaction and integration of several critical components of a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) using smart antenna systems. A MANET is a wireless network where the communicating nodes are mobile and the network topology is continuously changing. One of the central motivations for this work comes from the observed dependence of the overall network throughput on the design of the adaptive antenna system and its underlying signal processing algorithms. In fact, a major objective of this work is to study and document the overall efficiency of the network in terms of the antenna pattern and the length of the training sequence used by the beamforming algorithms. This study also considers in sufficient detail problems dealing with the choice of direction of arrival algorithm and the performance of the adaptive beamformer in the presence of antenna coupling effects. Furthermore, the paper presents strategies and algorithms to combat the effects of fading channels on the overall system.
Synthesis and secretion of matrix‐degrading metalloproteases by human skeletal muscle satellite cells (1995)

The expression of matrix-degrading metalloproteases (MMPs) by human skeletal muscle satellite cells was investigated by zymography of cell culture media and by Northern blot analysis of mRNA prepared from satellite cells. Zymography in gelatin substrate gels revealed that satellite cells constitutively synthesize and secrete 72 kDa gelatinase (MMP-2). In addition, treatment of satellite cell cultures with phorbol ester resulted in an induction of 92 kDa gelatinase (MMP-9) activity. On casein substrate gels, little or no proteolytic activity was detectable in control or phorbol ester treated satellite cell cultures, suggesting that compared to fibroblasts, satellite cells secrete little or no interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) or stromelysin (MMP-3) activity. Northern blotting, however, revealed that there is detectable expression of mRNA transcripts encoding MMP-1 in satellite cell cultures, and that increased accumulation of MMP-1 mRNA transcripts occurs upon treatment of these cells with phorbol ester. In contrast, no constitutive, or induced expression of transcripts encoding MMP-3 was detectable in satellite cells. These findings show that satellite cells can synthesize and secrete selected members of the MMP family and suggest that skeletal muscle cells may participate directly in remodelling of the extracellular matrix during myogenesis and the regeneration of skeletal muscle.
Laser cladding with mixed powder feed (1984)

Cladding a metallic surface by blowing powder into a melt pool generated by a laser has been shown to be possible in previous work. (1). In this paper the process is developed further in three ways to allow in situ alloying by blowing mixed powder into the laser generated melt pool. In the first method a single hopper containing a mixed powder feeds a single argon blown delivery pipe. In the second method a multiple hopper system feeds the individual alloying elements into a single argon blown delivery pipe. In the third method a multiple hopper system feeds a multiple delivery pipe arrangement. It is shown in these preliminary results with the Fe/Cr/Ni system that in situ alloying is possible though homogeneity is dependent upon the cladding speed, location within the tracks and impingement location of the powder feed. There is a speed below which macroscopically homogeneous clad layers were obtained. In the multiple delivery system layered deposits could be made if the location of the delivery tubes was carefully adjusted.
MCSAMS: A Novel WSRF and Multi-agent based Distributed Multimedia Content Service Alliance and Management Scheme (2007)

Application integration is becoming the hottest topic in information technology today. Heterogeneous, isolated content service systems are faced with difficult integration problem. Firstly, we propose a novel Web Services Composition-based Content Service Alliance Platform (CSA-Platform). In this platform, we emphasize on heterogeneous service status monitoring and service scheduling switching issue; we propose a novel WSRF and Multi-agent based content service alliance and management scheme in CSA-Platform. Furthermore, we describe WSDM-based content service monitoring and scheduling model, including Manager Layer, WSDM-Gateway Layer, and Agent Layer. And then we study multi-agent-based content service status collecting strategy. As part of experiment work, we design JMX-MUSE based content service monitoring and scheduling scheme, and carry out the module implementation, and then analyze the experiment results. At last, we analyze the prospective research direction and challenges in this field.
Crosstalk between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ and VEGF stimulates cancer progression (2006)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. PPARdelta may ameliorate metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, PPARdelta's role in colorectal carcinogenesis remains controversial. Here, we present genetic and pharmacologic evidence demonstrating that deletion of PPARdelta decreases intestinal adenoma growth in Apc(Min/+) mice and inhibits tumor-promoting effects of a PPARdelta agonist GW501516. More importantly, we found that activation of PPARdelta up-regulated VEGF in colon carcinoma cells. VEGF directly promotes colon tumor epithelial cell survival through activation of PI3K-Akt signaling. These results not only highlight concerns about the use of PPARdelta agonists for treatment of metabolic disorders in patients who are at high risk for colorectal cancer, but also support the rationale for developing PPARdelta antagonists for prevention and/or treatment of cancer.
Visualization of Propagation of Pulse Vibration along the Heart Wall and Imaging of its Propagation Speed (2006)

Though myocardial viscoelasticity is essential in the evaluation of heart diastolic properties, it has never been noninvasively measured in vivo. By the ultrasonic measurement of the myocardial motion, we have already found that some pulsive waves are spontaneously excited by aortic-valve closure (AVC) at end-systole (T0) (IEEE UFFC-43(1996)791-810). Using a sparse sector scan, in which the beam directions are restricted to about 16, the pulsive waves were measured almost simultaneously at about 160 points set along the heart wall at a sufficiently high frame rate (UMB 27(2001)752-768). The consecutive spatial phase distributions clearly revealed wave propagation along the heart wall for the first time (IEEE UFFC 51(2005)1931-1942). The propagation time of the wave along the heart wall is very small and cannot be measured by conventional equipment. Based on this phenomenon, we developed a means to measure the myocardial viscoelasticity in vivo. The phase velocity of the wave is determined for each frequency component. By comparing the dispersion of the phase velocity with the theoretical one of the Lamb wave, which propagates along the viscoelastic plate (heart wall) immersed in blood, the instantaneous viscoelasticity is determined noninvasively (IEEE UFFC-51(2005)1931-1942). In this study, the phase distribution obtained by the sparse scan is interpolated and extrapolated, and then the spatial distribution of the instantaneous phase velocity of the wave components propagating from the base side to the apical side of the heart wall is obtained for the longitudinal cross-sectional image.
An Effectiveness Analysis of Value-Based Mechanism in the Internet Advertisement Auction (2011)

Many companies promote their products by using advertisements for increasing their incomes. Traditionally, advertisements have been placed on some paper madia such as newspapers and magazines. However, there are many advertisements on the Internet searching services sites such as Google, Yahoo! and MSN. Each searching site gains their incomes in the Internet advertisements. The Internet advertisement has more effectiveness and readiness than the paper media. Thus advertisers try to place their advertisements on the searching sites. A structure of the Internet advertisement is that the service providers decide order of placement of many advertisements and advertising fees by auctions when advertisers offer their promotions. It is known that Generalized Second Price Auction (GSP) mechanism is most efficient auction mechanism of the advertisement auction. Some searching sites employ GSP mechanism basically. There are a lot of researches on GSP in order to analyze and clarify its feature and advantages. However, these researches assume that traded advertisements are mutually independent. That is means that each advertisement does not influence other advertisements. Also these researches do not consider a value of advertisement, which means some criterions of a name value of a company, an effectiveness and an importance, that is dependently each other. Each advertisement has some values aside from advertising fee, since searching users click the advertisement when it may be useful and valuable for them. To choose an advertisement for users is based on the value of advertisements. This paper proposes a new advertisement auction mechanism based on GSP with considering the value of advertisement. We analyze the auctioneer's profit in comparison between normal GSP, normal VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves Mechanism) and our proposed mechanism. The contribution of our research includes to clarify the features and advantages of advertisement auctions and effects to search service sites' profit rate.
The Potential and Complexity of Compilation Scheduling for JIT-Based Runtime Systems (2014)

This work aims to find out the full potential of compilation scheduling for JIT-based runtime systems. Compilation scheduling determines the order in which the compilation units (e.g., functions) in a program are to be compiled or recompiled. It decides when what versions of the units are ready to run, and hence affects performance. But it has been a largely overlooked direction in JIT-related research, with some fundamental questions left open: How significant compilation scheduling is for performance, how good the scheduling schemes employed by existing runtime systems are, and whether a great potential exists for improvement. This study proves the strong NP-completeness of the problem, proposes a heuristic algorithm that yields near optimal schedules, examines the potential of two current scheduling schemes empirically, and explores the relations with JIT designs. It provides the first principled understanding to the complexity and potential of compilation scheduling, shedding some insights for JIT-based runtime system improvement.
RankAggreg, an R package for weighted rank aggregation (2009)

The two examples described in the manuscript clearly show the utility of the RankAggreg package in the current bioinformatics context where ordered lists are routinely produced as a result of modern high-throughput technologies.
Structural Agnostic Modeling: Adversarial Learning of Causal Graphs (2018)

A new causal discovery method, Structural Agnostic Modeling (SAM), is presented in this paper. Leveraging both conditional independencies and distributional asymmetries, SAM aims to find the underlying causal structure from observational data. The approach is based on a game between different players estimating each variable distribution conditionally to the others as a neural net, and an adversary aimed at discriminating the generated data against the original data. A learning criterion combining distribution estimation, sparsity and acyclicity constraints is used to enforce the optimization of the graph structure and parameters through stochastic gradient descent. SAM is extensively experimentally validated on synthetic and real data.
Study on Quality of Different Preparation of the Semen Trigonellae (2006)

ObjectiveHPLC was used to determine the contents of diosgen of the different Preparation of the Semen Trigonellae.MethodsHPLC,the column was C_(18)column (ODS 5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(87:13).The determination wavelength was 203 nm.ResultsThe linear range of diosgen was good from 1.558 to 15.558 μg,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 98.55%(RSD=2.2%).ConclusionThe Semen Trigonellae changed,the contents and the kind of chemical materials were from the semen Trigon changed with varianc of the process.
Cellular and molecular biology of small cell lung cancer: an overview. (2016)

Although the incidence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has declined during the past 30 years, it remains a frustrating disease to research and treat. Numerous attempts to enhance the anti-tumor effects of traditional chemotherapy for SCLC have not been successful. For any tumor to become cancerous, various genetic mutations and biologic alterations must occur in the cell that, when combined, render it a malignant neoplasm. New and novel therapies based on understanding these mechanisms of transformation are needed. Herein we provide an in-depth view of some of the genomic alterations in SCLC that have emerged as potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
An Imprinted PEG1/MEST Antisense Expressed Predominantly in Human Testis and in Mature Spermatozoa (2002)

PEG1 (or MEST) is an imprinted gene located on human chromosome 7q32 that is expressed predominantly from the paternal allele. In the mouse, Peg1/Mest is associated with embryonic growth and maternal behavior. Human PEG1 is transcribed from two promoters; the transcript from promoter P1 is derived from both parental alleles, and the transcript from P2 is exclusively from the paternal allele. We characterized the P1 and P2 transcripts in various normal and neoplastic tissues. In the normal tissues, PEG1 was transcribed from both promoters P1 and P2, whereas in six of eight neoplastic tissues, PEG1 was transcribed exclusively from promoter P1. Bisulfite sequencing demonstrated high levels of CpG methylation in the P2 region of DNA from a lung tumor. In the region between P1 and P2, we identified a novel transcript, PEG1-AS, in an antisense orientation to PEG1. PEG1-AS is a spliced transcript and was detected as a strong 2.4-kilobase band on a Northern blot. PEG1-AS and PEG1 P2-sense transcript were expressed exclusively from the paternal allele. Fragments of DNA from within the 1.5-kilobase region between PEG1-AS and the P2 exon were ligated to a pGL3 luciferase reporter vector and transfected into NCI H23 cells. This DNA exhibited strong promoter activity in both the sense and antisense directions, indicating that PEG1-AS and P2 exon share a common promoter region. Treatment of the transfected DNA fragments with CpG methylase abolished the promoter activity. Of interest, PEG1-AS was expressed predominantly in testis and in mature motile spermatozoa, indicating a possible role for this transcript in human sperm physiology and fertilization.