gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-frequency ultrasonic detection of protein crosslinking in myocardial tissue (2002)

The progressive increase in stiffening of the myocardium associated with the aging process and abetted by comorbid conditions such as diabetes may be linked to an excessive number of collagen cross links within the myocardial extra-cellular matrix. The time-evolution of the crosslinking of proteins was monitored with high frequency ultrasound (30-50 MHz). Rats hearts (n=5 each group) were arrested at end-diastole and then insonified fresh within a few minutes of excision in a phosphate buffered solution. The solution was then replaced with a fixative and the tissue was insonified at 30-minute intervals thereafter for 24 hours. A parametric image of the magnitude and frequency dependence of ultrasonic attenuation in heart tissue was constructed at each time point to yield a time-lapse visualization of the process of protein crosslinking.
Proximity Effects of Metallic Environments on High Frequency RFID Reader Antenna: Study and Applications (2007)

We study the proximity effects of metallic environments on the performance of high frequency (HF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna operating at 13.56 MHz. The performance of a typical HF RFID reader loop antenna in the proximity of various metal plate configurations is experimentally investigated in terms of resonant frequency, field intensity, and field distribution. The study shows that the presence of the metal plates shifts up the resonant frequency of the antenna and weakens its field intensity. The proximity effects are strongly dependent on the size of the metal plate, distance between the plate and the antenna as well as the orientation of the plate. Such effects greatly degrade the reading range and restrict the co-existence of HF RFID systems. A solution to alleviate the effects is to re-tune or co-design the reader antenna in proximity with the metallic objects based on the information from the study. As an example, a loop antenna is co-designed with a metal plate to configure a metal-backed loop antenna, and optimized for an RFID smart shelf system to restrain the interference and enhance the detection accuracy.
Hydrogen sulfide attenuates spatial memory impairment and hippocampal neuroinflammation in beta-amyloid rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (2012)

These results indicate that NaHS could significantly ameliorate Aβ(1-40)-induced spatial learning and memory impairment, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation at least in part via the inhibition of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activity, suggesting that administration of NaHS could provide a therapeutic approach for AD.
Ionothermal Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Nanostructured Lithium Manganese Phosphates (2010)

Nanostructured LiMnPO4 was synthesized via a low temperature ionothermal synthesis route using various ionic liquids as reacting media. After due optimization of different processing parameters, LiMnPO4 of varied size and morphology were processed at temperature as low as 200-250{degree sign}C. Further, a modified ionothermal synthesis using a mixture of ionic liquid with propanediols was performed to yield platelet-shaped nanoscale LiMnPO4. The structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of these LiMnPO4 have been reported showing reversible capacity of 95 mAh/g with good cycling stability. This study shows the versatility and novelty of ionothermal synthesis method to tailor the size, orientation and morphology of olivine-LiMnPO4.
The spin label amino acid TOAC and its uses in studies of peptides: chemical, physicochemical, spectroscopic, and conformational aspects (2012)

We review work on the paramagnetic amino acid 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-N-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid, TOAC, and its applications in studies of peptides and peptide synthesis. TOAC was the first spin label probe incorporated in peptides by means of a peptide bond. In view of the rigid character of this cyclic molecule and its attachment to the peptide backbone via a peptide bond, TOAC incorporation has been very useful to analyze backbone dynamics and peptide secondary structure. Many of these studies were performed making use of EPR spectroscopy, but other physical techniques, such as X-ray crystallography, CD, fluorescence, NMR, and FT-IR, have been employed. The use of double-labeled synthetic peptides has allowed the investigation of their secondary structure. A large number of studies have focused on the interaction of peptides, both synthetic and biologically active, with membranes. In the latter case, work has been reported on ligands and fragments of GPCR, host defense peptides, phospholamban, and β-amyloid. EPR studies of macroscopically aligned samples have provided information on the orientation of peptides in membranes. More recent studies have focused on peptide-protein and peptide-nucleic acid interactions. Moreover, TOAC has been shown to be a valuable probe for paramagnetic relaxation enhancement NMR studies of the interaction of labeled peptides with proteins. The growth of the number of TOAC-related publications suggests that this unnatural amino acid will find increasing applications in the future.
Comparison of a map- vs. camera-based user interface in a multi-robot navigation task (2004)

Many missions with semi-autonomous multi-robot systems rely on the basic function to autonomously navigate within an unknown operational area. For missions in hazardous environments the efficiency of a robot's autonomous navigation system in an unknown terrain is difficult to estimate. In the case of performance degradations the human operator as a supervisory controller has to intervene and interactively improve the system's quality of service. A study of a novel multi-robot user interface for effective operator intervention is presented. Therefore, a simulated semi-autonomous multi-robot system with three different user interface configurations as well as 1,2, or 4 robots was compared. Central to the study's task is that operators can improve system performance by careful monitoring and intelligent intervention. According to the results this is possible for single robot scenarios but not for the multi-robot settings.
The State and management of partnership arrangements in France: an analysis of the implementation of the ‘Sport, Health and Well-being’ plan (2017)

In France, the national ‘Sport, Health, and Well-being’ programme (Programme sport, santé, bien-être – PSSBE) aims to develop an active way of life in a country where physical inactivity is becoming increasingly prevalent. While its implementation is based on an inter-ministerial approach whereby responsibility is given to the local government personnel of the Ministry of Sport and the Ministry of Health, numerous studies have shown that the complexity of the State machine and the compartmentalisation of its departments may have a negative impact on the success of this process. In addition, due to recent State reforms, government agents are also faced with numerous changes which affect their working conditions. Based on the results of a survey conducted in a French region via semi-structured interviews held with the agents of these two ministerial bodies, we demonstrate that although the implementation of the PSSBE has helped to institutionalise the inter-ministerial partnership, it also exacerbates the difficulty caused by these reforms: that of reconciling the missions of territorial departments with the resources allocated to them. These observations reflect the risk that the work of the network built around sport and health issues may be brought to a standstill.
Computation of intraluminal impedance (2003)

The measurement of the electrical impedance inside the esophagus provides information about its status, and is being explored in the study of the gastroesophageal reflux. This paper presents theoretical computation of impedance inside the esophagus. The results of the numerical solution for a simple geometry are compared against the solution formulated from the Green's function approach. The effect of the electrode configuration on the resulting impedance is studied as an application of the methodology developed in this paper. The results of this paper will be useful in the design of an intraluminal impedance catheter as well as in the interpretation of the resulting impedance signals.
Characterizing Functional Connectivity Differences in Aging Adults using Machine Learning on Resting State fMRI Data (2013)

The brain at rest consists of spatially distributed but functionally connected regions, called intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs). Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has emerged as a way to characterize brain networks without confounds associated with task fMRI such as task difficulty and performance. Here we applied a Support Vector Machine (SVM) linear classifier as well as a support vector machine regressor to rs-fMRI data in order to compare age-related differences in four of the major functional brain networks: the default, cingulo-opercular, fronto-parietal, and sensorimotor. A linear SVM classifier discriminated between young and old subjects with 84% accuracy (p-value < 1 × 10(-7)). A linear SVR age predictor performed reasonably well in continuous age prediction (R (2) = 0.419, p-value < 1 × 10(-8)). These findings reveal that differences in intrinsic connectivity as measured with rs-fMRI exist between subjects, and that SVM methods are capable of detecting and utilizing these differences for classification and prediction.
GaInNP MQW structure LED grown by laser‐assisted MOCVD (2003)

We tried to fabricate a quaternary N-rich GaInNP multiple quantum well (MQW) structure to obtain a blighter emission of a LED. The GaInNP was grown using laser-assisted metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LAMOCVD). The growth temperature was 950 °C. A pulsed ArF (193 nm) was also applied for the growth. The laser power was 0.1 J × 100 Hz. A sapphire substrate was used for the growth. A p-GaN/(undoped GaN/GaInNP, 3 pair)/n-GaN/GaN buffer/sapphire structure was grown using LAMOCVD. A GaInNP MQW structure LED was fabricated. Pt/Au was used for a p-electrode and Al/Ti/Au was used for an n-electrode. The electroluminescence (EL) of the LED was measured. Sharp and bright 435 nm emissions were obtained. The EL intensity of a GaInNP MQW LED was stronger than that of a GaNP single quantum well (SQW) LED. A GaInNP MQW-structure LED was thus demonstrated for the first time. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Essential Fatty Acids in the Management of Impaired Nerve Function in Diabetes (1997)

Impaired conversion of linoleic acid to gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) has been demonstrated in animal diabetes and inferred from blood fatty acid profiles in human diabetes. This impairment could theoretically lead to defective nerve function because metabolites of GLA are known to be important in nerve membrane structure, nerve blood flow, and nerve conduction. Administration of GLA corrects the impaired nerve function in animal models of diabetes. Two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trials in humans with diabetic neuropathy have shown significant benefits of GLA as compared with placebo in neurophysiological parameters, thermal thresholds, and clinical sensory evaluations. Further work is needed to define the place of this therapeutic approach and its interactions with other treatment modalities.
Rice yields in tropical/subtropical Asia exhibit large but opposing sensitivities to minimum and maximum temperatures (2010)

Data from farmer-managed fields have not been used previously to disentangle the impacts of daily minimum and maximum temperatures and solar radiation on rice yields in tropical/subtropical Asia. We used a multiple regression model to analyze data from 227 intensively managed irrigated rice farms in six important rice-producing countries. The farm-level detail, observed over multiple growing seasons, enabled us to construct farm-specific weather variables, control for unobserved factors that either were unique to each farm but did not vary over time or were common to all farms at a given site but varied by season and year, and obtain more precise estimates by including farm- and site-specific economic variables. Temperature and radiation had statistically significant impacts during both the vegetative and ripening phases of the rice plant. Higher minimum temperature reduced yield, whereas higher maximum temperature raised it; radiation impact varied by growth phase. Combined, these effects imply that yield at most sites would have grown more rapidly during the high-yielding season but less rapidly during the low-yielding season if observed temperature and radiation trends at the end of the 20th century had not occurred, with temperature trends being more influential. Looking ahead, they imply a net negative impact on yield from moderate warming in coming decades. Beyond that, the impact would likely become more negative, because prior research indicates that the impact of maximum temperature becomes negative at higher levels. Diurnal temperature variation must be considered when investigating the impacts of climate change on irrigated rice in Asia.
Head-pose tracking with a time-of-flight camera (2008)

Intelligent interfaces that make use of the user's head pose or facial features in order to interpret the user's identity or point of attention, are finding increasing application in numerous fields. Although various techniques exist to passively track the user's gaze or head pose using monocular or stereo cameras, these systems generally cannot perceive in detail the characteristic three-dimensional (3D) profile of the user's head or face. Time-of-flight cameras, such as the Swiss Ranger SR-3000, are a recent innovation capable of providing three-dimensional image data from a single sensor. The advent of such sensors opens up new possibilities in the fields of head-pose tracking and face recognition. In this paper we propose a novel 3D time-of-flight camera system for robust and accurate head-pose tracking in real-time. Our system requires no manual calibration and is tolerant of varying lighting conditions, occlusion and facial expressions. The system can also be used to generate accurate 3D "face prints" suitable for use in face recognition with minimal data and search times. Preliminary experimental results are provided which demonstrate the potential of the system.
Protection against Carbon Tetrachloride Liver Toxicity by Enantiomers of Schisandrin B Associated with Differential Changes in Hepatic Glutathione Antioxidant System in Mice (2002)

Two enantiomers of schisandrin B (Sch B), an active ingredient isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, were chirally separated. Pretreating mice with (+)Sch B or (-)Sch B at a daily oral dose of 1 mmol/kg for 3 days protected against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by highly significant decreases in plasma alanine aminotransferases activity and hepatic malondialdehyde level. The hepatoprotection afforded by pretreatment with the enantiomers was associated with increases in hepatic glutathione S-transferases and glutathione reductase (GRD) activities as well as mitochondrial reduced glutathione (GSH) level. However, only the (+)Sch B pretreated animals showed a reduction in the extent of CCl 4 -induced inhibition of hepatic Se-glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, (+)Sch B pretreatment produced a more potent stimulatory effect on hepatic GRD activity and mitochondrial GSH level in CCl 4 -treated mice. The differential ability between (+)Sch B and (-)Sch B in enhancing hepatic glutathione antioxidant system in CCl 4 -intoxicated mice may implicate the presence of a chiral-/stereo-specific intracellular target for mediating the antioxidant action of Sch B.
Sección suiza en la "Triennale di Milano" de 1936 (2001)

7 metros con el techo ms bajo (3 metros).
Similarity Searching for Defective Wafer Bin Maps in Semiconductor Manufacturing (2013)

Because high-dimensional wafer bin maps (WBMs) cause various features, it is difficult to search the similarity among WBMs via conventional pattern recognition methods. This study develops a novel morphology-based support vector machine for defective wafer detection. The experimental results demonstrate its usefulness in yield improvements on precision and computation cost.
Surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: standard and emerging techniques (2010)

Patients who are nonadherent to CPAP must be thoroughly evaluated before choosing any of the available surgical options. Upper airway surgery may improve disease markers of OSA, if appropriately chosen and properly indicated and performed.
Lateral gradient index microlenses written in ophthalmic hydrogel polymers by femtosecond laser micromachining (2011)

Ophthalmic hydrogel polymers are micromachined with near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses. Refractive index changes up to + 0.05 have been obtained, and lateral gradient index refractive structures are written into the flat polymers. By measuring the transmitted wavefront of the micromachined polymer, we find induced astigmatism as high as 0.8 diopters in the micromachined region.
Innovative manufacturing and test technologies for imaging hyperspectral spectrometers (2006)

Corning has developed a number of manufacturing and test techniques to meet the challenging requirements of imaging hyperspectral optical systems. These processes have been developed for applications in the short-wave visible through long-wave IR wavelengths. Optical designs for these imaging systems are typically Offner or Dyson configurations, where the critical optical components are powered gratings and slits. Precision alignment, system athermalization, and harsh environmental requirements, for these systems drive system level performance and production viability. This paper will present the results of these techniques including all aluminum gratings and slits, innovative grating profiles, snap together self-aligning mechanical designs, and visible test techniques for IR systems.
Introduction (2011)

The period 1900–40 produced revolutionary developments in science and the arts. The rediscovery of the work of Gregor Mendel in 1900 revolutionized knowledge of hereditary transmission in showing that characteristics of organisms do not blend in offspring but are transmitted in discrete units according to specific laws, which ultimately became the foundation for modern scientific genetics. In The Interpretation of Dreams of 1900 Sigmund Freud laid the foundation for his theory of the mind as a network of unconscious processes and the residue of childhood psychosexual experience. Also in 1900, the introduction of Planck's constant to explain the spectra of thermal bodies was the first blow in a series of advances that led to a fully elaborated quantum theory by 1927. Most unsettling was the theory's indeterminacy principle, which put knowledge of subatomic events on a probabilistic basis, thereby limiting the strictly deterministic causality that classical physicists had posited throughout the universe. Albert Einstein's special relativity theory of 1905 maintained that space and time are not absolute and distinct but relative to motion and transform into one another. In 1908 Arnold Schoenberg composed music with no tonal center, while in 1911 Wassily Kandinsky painted no recognizable objects. No single literary change was as revolutionary as these others. However, the sum of formal innovations in the novel was revolutionary in providing new ways of rendering how people experience personal development, courtship conventions, family relations, urban life, national identification, imperial conquest, capitalist enterprise, liberal institutions, religious faith, and artistic creativity.
Analysis for magnetite utilizing magnetic susceptibility (1966)

Abstract The analysis for magnetite or 'magnetite equivalent' by means of magnetic susceptibility is more rapid, lower in cost, and, in general, as precise as other methods of analysis.'Magnetite equivalent' analysis is affected by grain size if the individual particles are less than 40 microns in diameter, by the remnant magnetization if greater than about 12 percent of saturation magnetization, and by the presence of other magnetic minerals. The presence of other magnetic minerals does not reflect as great an error in the final result using the susceptibility method as in other methods.Davis tube separation as a method for magnetite analysis is affected by other magnetic minerals but is mainly dependent upon degree of mineral liberation by grinding. Chemical analysis with the subsequent calculation of magnetite content is in error due to presence of other iron-bearing minerals whether magnetic or nonmagnetic and is particularly affected by the presence of metallic iron from sample preparation. Metallic iron apparently enters solution by the following reaction:EquationThus, one unit of metallic iron would be counted as approximately 12 units of magnetite in the calculation of magnetite content.Analysis for 'magnetite equivalent' and chemical analysis for total soluble iron can provide an accurate evaluation of the amount of nonmagnetic iron in any particular ore, especially in mixed magnetite-hematite ores.Equipment for direct readout of grams magnetite per 100 cc was designed using the differential transformer principle. Calibration is linear below 20 grams magnetite per 100 cc, and measurement of apparent density of sample readily converts the readings to percent magnetite by weight.
Mechanisms of biphasic insulin-granule exocytosis – roles of the cytoskeleton, small GTPases and SNARE proteins (2009)

The release of insulin from pancreatic islets requires negative regulation to ensure low levels of insulin release under resting conditions, as well as positive regulation to facilitate robust responsiveness to conditions of elevated fuel or glucose. The first phase of release involves the plasma-membrane fusion of a small pool of granules, termed the readily releasable pool; these granules are already at the membrane under basal conditions, and discharge their cargo in response to nutrient and also non-nutrient secretagogues. By contrast, second-phase secretion is evoked exclusively by nutrients, and involves the mobilization of intracellular granules to t-SNARE sites at the plasma membrane to enable the distal docking and fusion steps of insulin exocytosis. Nearly 40 years ago, the actin cytoskeleton was first recognized as a key mediator of biphasic insulin release, and was originally presumed to act as a barrier to block granule docking at the cell periphery. More recently, however, the discovery of cycling GTPases that are involved in F-actin reorganization in the islet beta-cell, combined with the availability of reagents that are more specific and tools with which to study the mechanisms that underlie granule movement, have contributed greatly to our understanding of the role of the cytoskeleton in regulating biphasic insulin secretion. Herein, we provide historical perspective and review recent progress that has been made towards integrating cytoskeletal reorganization and cycling of small Rho-, Rab- and Ras-family GTPases into our current models of stimulus-secretion coupling and second-phase insulin release.