gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Four New Species of Thraustochytrium from Antarctic Regions, with Notes on the Distribution of Zoosporic Fungi in the Antarctic Marine Ecosystems (1974)

New species of the obligately marine Thraustochytriaceae Sparrow were discovered in subantarctic and antarctic waters of the southeastern Indian Ocean, the southwestern Pacific Ocean, and the antarctic Ross Sea during two cruises of the research vessel USNS ELTANIN. The life cycles of four species of Thraustochytrium in seawater-pollen and/or seawater-brine shrimp larvae cultures are described. Thraustochytrium antarcticum sp. nov. develops sporangia that may proliferate from a single basal rudiment. Flagellated zoospores are liberated from the sporangium upon complete disintegration of the sporangial wall at maturity. Thraustochytrium rossii sp. nov. and T. kerguelensis sp. nov. are both similar in that they develop sporangia that may proliferate from more than one basal rudiment. The latter species releases flagellated zoospores upon complete disintegration of the sporangial wall, but the former species liberates a mass of individually immobile zoospores from the sporangium. These remain quiescent for several hours before they swim away one after another. The protoplast of Thraustochytrium amoeboidum sp. nov. leaves the sporangium through a pore as an amoeboid body which then gives rise to nonflagellated amoebospores by successive bipartitioning. Laterally biflagellate thraustochytrioid zoospores were also observed, but the way in which they are formed remains to be determined. Zoosporic and aplanosporic phycomycetes were recovered from water samples collected in the Subtropical, Subantarctic, and Antarctic Zones of the Southern Ocean. Highest numbers of phycomycete propagules were found in antarctic waters near the Antarctic Convergence during ELTANIN's Cruise 51. In the Subtropical and Subantarctic (but not in the Antarctic) Zones fungal population densities increased with proximity to continents or islands. At each station where phycomycetes were recovered, highest numbers of propagules were generally found in the surface layers (25–250 m) of the ocean below the photic zone (lower limit 30–60 m). This peculiar distribution may indicate that phycomycetes are engaged in decomposing substances derived from the photic zone.
Dynamically inferring temporal properties (2004)

Model checking requires a specification of the target system's desirable properties, some of which are temporal. Formulating a temporal property of the system based on either its abstract model or implementation requires a deep understanding of its behavior and sophisticated knowledge of the chosen formalism. This has been a major impediment to documenting and verifying temporal properties. We propose a dynamic approach to automatically infer a program's temporal properties based on a set of property pattern templates. We describe a preliminary implementation of this approach, and report on our experience using it to discover interesting temporal properties of a small program.
Electroosmotic flow control in complex microgeometries (2002)

Numerical simulation results for pure electroosmotic and combined electroosmotic/pressure driven Stokes flows are presented in the cross-flow and Y-split junctions. The numerical algorithm is based on a mixed structured/unstructured spectral element formulation, which results in high-order accurate resolution of thin electric double layers with discretization flexibility for complex engineering geometries. The results for pure electroosmotic flows in cross-flow junctions under multiple electric fields show similarities between the electric and velocity fields. The combined electroosmotic/pressure driven flows are also simulated by regulating the flowrate in different branches of the cross-flow junctions. Flow control in the Stokes flow regime is shown to have linear dependence on the magnitude of the externally applied electric field, both for pure electroosmotic and combined flows. This linear behavior enables utilization of electroosmotic forces as nonmechanical means of flow control for microfluidic applications.
Biochemical and dynamic studies of collagen from human normal skin and keloid tissue. (1999)

Keloids are exuberant scars, in which collagen, fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans are overdeposited. Biochemical analysis of the collagen isolated from normal skin and keloid tissue by pepsin treatment, indicated an increase in the type III and GAG content. Viscosity measurements of collagen from normal skin and keloid tissue were used in the present study to establish the interaction between collagen and GAG. Physico-chemical properties such as intrinsic viscosity, reduced viscosity and hydrated volume were computed from viscosity measurements. These measurements were also used to determine the denaturation temperature of collagen which was further confirmed by DSC measurements. Chondroitinase has been used in this study to probe the influence of GAG on the physico-chemical characteristic of keloid collagen.
The evolution of configuration management and version control (1990)

The activities of configuration management and version control are common to a number of engineering tasks. These activities are particularly important for softwae engineers, since during most of a system lifecycle they have to deal with a grwoing number of versions of a single component, and to rebuild the complete sstem in different ways using different components. These tasks are repetitive and trivial, and they reuqire a lot a manual work and accuracy. In this paper, we show how the problem of automating htese activities has been solved in a number of software development enviroments. We describe the evolution of systmes for configuration management and version control from simple stand-alone tools, such as make and SCCS (based on an underlying file system), towards more integrated systems based on a project database.
Effect in vitro of cyclic nucleotides-elevating agents on nitric oxide production by human granulocytes from type 2-diabetic patients. (2002)

The authors describe for the first time that both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP were able to modulate nitric oxide production in human granulocytes and that cell reactivity in ill patients (diabetic) showed altered and inverse response in comparison to granulocytes from healthy subjects. This inverse reactivity possibly reflects a disease-induced adapted metabolic response. The consequences of this altered metabolic response on host defense and inflammation may be speculated, but further experiments are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
The X-claim argument against religious belief (2016)

Abstract This article outlines an argument against religious belief: the X-claim argument . The argument is novel at least in the sense that it has not yet been clearly articulated or addressed before in the philosophical literature. However, the argument is closely related to two more familiar varieties of argument currently receiving philosophical attention, namely: (i) arguments from religious diversity, and (ii) naturalistic debunking arguments (e.g. Freudian, Marxist, and evolutionary). I set out the X-claim argument, show that it has some prima facie plausibility, distinguish it from these other two arguments with which it might easily be confused, and, finally, explain why it has some significant advantages over these more familiar arguments against religious belief.
어업관리제도의 규제순응에 관한 비교 연구 (2007)

To achieve regulatory goals, we should consider both necessary and sufficient regulatory conditions. The first necessary condition is the development and improvement of efficient regulations. The second condition is attainment of high compliance rates. If the government has neglected one of the conditions, it is impossible to achieve the regulatory goals. Thus, compliance issues are just as important as regulatory development or improvement. Nevertheless compliance issues in regulatory enforcement for fisheries resource management have been underdeveloped in Korea. This underemphasis on compliance issues is not unique to Korean fisheries; it is a common one in many areas of regulation. It is relatively easy to pass a law but attainment of high compliance rates requires significant economic resources that must come from somewhere. Thus, to comprehensively understand the current status of compliance in Korean fisheries regulation, this research presents a comparative analysis of enforcement and regulatory compliance issues in the U.S. and Korean fisheries. The comparison involves characterizing factors which affect regulatory compliance. The research suggests compliance assurance alternatives by characteristics of factors suitable to Korean fisheries circumstances. In detail, this research comprises the following four steps. First, this research characterizes factors influencing noncompliance due to various causes by considering theories for fisheries regulatory compliance. Major factors consist of resources, users and government. Each factor was composed of several sub-factors or characteristics. Each characteristic has either positive or negative compliance effects. Second, this research seeks to identify problems and limitations in Korean and U.S. fisheries regulations pertaining to compliance. Third, this research suggests policy directions and regulatory countermeasures suitable to Korean regulatory enforcement through a detailed understanding of fisheries regulatory compliance by the United States. Fourth, this research provides policy suggestions for Korean fisheries regulatory enforcement and compliance issues.
Assay Procedure for the Quantitative Determination of Clot Lysis Activity* (1960)

Summary An assay procedure for the evaluation of the potency of human fibrinolysin preparations has been developed. The preparations of human fibrinolysin tested were prepared by the activation of human profibrinolysin with streptokinase. A standard fibrinolysin preparation is employed in this assay. Résumé Les auteurs décrivent une technique pour déterminer le degré d'activité des préparations de fibrinolysine humaine. Les préparations de fibrinolysine humaine examineées ont été fabriquées à partir de la profibrinolysine humaine activée par la streptokinase. Une préparation de fibrinolysine standard a été utilisée dans ces essais. Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Aktivität von menschlichen Fibrinolysinpräparationen wird beschrieben. Letztere werden durch Aktivierung des menschlichen Profibrinolysins mit Streptokinase gewonnen. Zur Bestimmung wird eine Standard‐Fibrinolysinpräparation verwendet.
Stainless Steel Micro-Needle Electrodes Made by Electrolytic Pointing (1950)

Micro-needle electrodes of any desired taper and sharpness for insertion into living tissue can be made quickly by electrolytic etching. For stainless steel wire the electrolyte is a mixture of sulfuric and ortho-phosphoric acids. The wire to be pointed is made the anode of a circuit initially carrying about 0.03 amp. Gross shaping of the needle is done by repeatedly immersing the wire and withdrawing it slowly from the bath. Fine shaping of the point is carried out with reduced current. The electrodes are finished by insulating all but the fine tip with a baking enamel. The process described is adaptable to making a batch of micro-needles at one time.
DERIVATIVES OF HYDROXY-<scp>L</scp>-PROLINE (1959)

N-Carbobenzoxy-hydroxy-L-proline benzyl ester has been obtained by treating N-carbobenzoxy-hydroxy-L-proline or its cyclohexylammonium salt with benzyl chloride and triethylamine.
Multi-objective search for optimal multi-robot planning with finite LTL specifications and resource constraints (2017)

We present an efficient approach to plan action sequences for a team of robots from a single finite LTL mission specification. The resulting execution strategy is proven to solve the given mission with minimal team costs, e.g., with shortest execution time. For planning, an established graph-based search method based on the multi-objective shortest path problem is adapted to multi-robot planning and extended to support resource constraints. We further improve planning efficiency significantly for missions which consist of independent parts by using previous results regarding LTL decomposition. The efficiency and practicality of the ROS implementation of our approach is demonstrated in example scenarios.
Real-Time Screen Watermarking Using Overlaying Layer (2014)

Protection of intellectual property is a well researched area of computer science. There are many methods that allow securing information that should not be available to unauthorized parties. Many of these techniques provide protection on a relatively low level such as file encryption or filtering of network traffic. However, many of the mechanisms fail as soon as someone attempts to save the content of the screen that is displaying the sensitive data. Such a malicious insider can cause serious harm to an organization's reputation and finances. It is important in case of such incidents to be able to track the source of the leak. In this paper a method for watermarking the screen image, that can be used in forensic investigations, is presented. The imperceptible digital watermark is placed on the overlay layer over the whole computer screen. Our method leverages the Human Visual System (HVS) properties and allows to generate dynamically adaptable watermarks that respond to the currently displayed content by using the FAST feature detection algorithm. We use QR Codes that provide spatial non-uniformity and error correction capabilities. The evaluation shows that our scheme works well in the selected use-case scenarios. We show that the watermark is robust against modifications typical for office processing, such as cropping and quality preserving JPEG compression.
A calixarene–amide–tetrathiafulvalene assembly for the electrochemical detection of anions (2005)

The synthesis of a calix[4]arene derivative bearing pendant tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units is described. Two electroactive TTF units are linked to the calix[4]arene platform through amide functions for the binding of anions. An X-ray structure of a calixarene–amide–TTF assembly existing in a cone conformation is provided. The binding ability of this receptor for H2PO4− is shown by 1H-NMR and electrochemical studies (cyclic voltammetry).
PROLINE AND TRYPTOPHAN AS FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ACCURACY OF VAN SLYKE'S METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN DISTRIBUTION IN PROTEINS<sup>1</sup> (1925)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPROLINE AND TRYPTOPHAN AS FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ACCURACY OF VAN SLYKE'S METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN DISTRIBUTION IN PROTEINS1Ross Aiken Gortner and W. M. SandstromCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1925, 47, 6, 1663–1671Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1925Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1925https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01683a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01683a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views45Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hyaluronan Efflux from Canine Lung with Increased Hydrostatic Pressure and Saline Loading (1994)

Although lymphatic washout of hyaluronan during lung hydration has been postulated to deplete lung interstitial hyaluronan content and thereby contribute to the decreased interstitial exclusion of albumin observed under these conditions, this hypothesis has not been directly tested. In anesthetized, ventilated mongrel dogs, a prenodal lung lymphatic was cannulated for measurement of lymph flow and hyaluronan concentration. Following baseline measurements, Pla was increased in four steps of 5 cm H2O in Group 1 or set to one pressure ranging between 6 and 32 cm H2O in Group 2. In Group 3, saline (15% body weight) was infused over 30 min and then Pla increased as in Group 2. Invariably, as lymph flow increased in Groups 1 through 3, lymph hyaluronan concentration and hyaluronan flux increased significantly (p < 0.05). In a separate control group, there were no changes in lymph flow, hyaluronan concentration, or hyaluronan flux. In Group 3, lung hyaluronan content at 5 h (0.76 +/- 0.08 mg/g dry weight) was not significantly less than that during baseline (0.88 +/- 0.05 mg/g dry weight), although total uronic acid content actually increased by 38% over the same time course. In contrast, in the control group, both lung hyaluronan and uronic acid content remained stable over the experimental period. From these data, approximately 2 to 3% of lung hyaluronan is predicted to leave the interstitium via lymphatic flux per day under baseline conditions. The daily turnover of interstitial hyaluronan by this route increased to 15 to 18% of total content when Pla was elevated and to 54% following saline infusion. Thus, lung hyaluronan can be rapidly mobilized with increased lymph flow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Detecting Subject Boundaries Within Text: A Language Independent Statistical Approach (1997)

We describe here an algorithm for detecting subject boundaries within text based on a statistical lexical similarity measure. Hearst has already tackled this problem with good results (Hearst, 1994). One of her main assumptions is that a change in subject is accompanied by a change in vocabulary. Using this assumption, but by introducing a new measure of word significance, we have been able to build a robust and reliable algorithm which exhibits improved accuracy without sacrificing language independency. 1 Introduction Automatic detection of subject divisions within a text is considered to be a very difficult task even for humans, let alone machines. But such subject divisions are used in more complex tasks in text processing such as text summarisation. An automatic method for marking subject boundaries is highly desirable. Hearst (Hearst, 1994) addresses this problem by applying a statistical method for detecting subjects within text. Hearst describes an algorithm for what she calls...
Semantic segmentation and summarization of music: methods based on tonality and recurrent structure (2006)

This paper describes a study on automatic music segmentation and summarization from audio signals. The paper inquires scientifically into the nature of human perception of music and offers a practical solution to difficult problems of machine intelligence for automated multimedia content analysis and information retrieval. Specifically, three problems are addressed: segmentation based on tonality analysis, segmentation based on recurrent structural analysis, and summarization. Experimental results are evaluated quantitatively, demonstrating the promise of the proposed methods.
Size and shape effects on two-phase flow patterns in microchannel forced convection boiling (2002)

An integrated microchannel heat sink consisting of shallow, nearly rectangular microchannels has been fabricated using standard micromachining techniques to highlight the effects of the micrometer sized channel shape on the evolving flow patterns and, consequently, on the thermal performance of the microsystem. An integrated heater serves as a local heat source, while an array of micro thermistors is used for temperature distribution measurements. The working fluid, DI water, is pressurized through the microchannels for forced convection heat transfer studies. Boiling curves for different flow rates have been recorded and analyzed based on the visualized flow patterns. Local nucleation, including bubble formation and bubble dynamics, is documented and found to be negligible. Although detected, in contrast with triangular microchannels, annular flow is observed to be unstable. Instead, the dominant flow pattern is an unsteady transition region connecting an upstream vapor zone to a downstream liquid zone with an average location depending on the input power. A physical mechanism based on the force balance across the vapor-liquid interface, and the development of a restoring force, is proposed to explain the flow visualization results.
An explosion of Thai identities: Global queering and re-imagining queer theory (2000)

This paper reflects on recent research on Thai discourses of gender and eroticism in order to problematize some of the universalist assumptions that have dominated discussion of the international proliferation of forms of erotic diversity. By mapping the proliferation of Thai gender/sex categories from the 1960s to the 1980s, the paper shows that Thai homoeroticisms are not converging towards Western models and points to the cultural limits of Foucauldian-modelled histories of sexuality. In particular, it demonstrates the inability of Foucauldian history of sexuality, and queer theoretical approaches drawing on Foucault, to account for shifts in Thai discourses in which gender and sexuality do not exist as distinct categories. Only when current feminist theories of gender and queer theories of sexuality are integrated so as to offer a unified account of the eroticization of gender, and the gendering of eroticism, will Western theoretical models be capable of mapping shifts in non-Western patterns of eroticism.
Encoding don't cares in static and dynamic content-addressable memories (1992)

An encoding scheme for don't cares using two binary static content-addressable memory (CAM) cells is presented. No extra hardware is required for the storage and retrieval of don't cares beyond the hardware necessary for binary write and match operations found in most commercial static CAMs. Besides the availability of proven hardware for binary CAM chips, this implementation has the advantage that both binary and ternary values can coexist in a single CAM word.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Elevated secretion of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates by inflammatory leukocytes in hyperacute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: enhancement by the soluble products of encephalitogenic T cells. (1992)

Perivascular lesions within the central nervous system (CNS) of rats with hyperacute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (HEAE) contained large numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), cells enzymatically capable of producing reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates (RNI and ROI), which, in excess, are mediators of tissue damage. PBMC and PMN isolated from the CNS and periphery of HEAE-affected rats secreted significantly (p less than 0.01-0.0001) elevated levels of ROI and RNI compared with that of similar cell populations from pertussis- and saline-treated control animals. Coincubation of systemically derived PBMC and PMN with antigen-stimulated myelin basic protein-specific T cell lines led to further increases in ROI and RNI output of between 15.3 and 83.1%, an effect that could be largely attributed to heat-labile, soluble products released by these T cell lines. Our studies suggest a putative neuropathological role for ROI and RNI in HEAE, which may be mediated via cytokines emanating from autoreactive T lymphocytes.