gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ICA separation of functional components from dynamic cardiac PET data (2004)

The aim of this study was to improve detection of different heart tissues, and specially their boundaries, in H/sub 2//sup 1 5/O PET (positron emission tomography) heart images. This problem was considered as a blind source separation problem. In order to solve it we applied ICA (independent component analysis) on dynamic image data and measured projection profiles (sinograms). The testing was based on two kinds of data: a simple dynamic numerical phantom and human heart data acquired during resting state. The sensitivity of ICA to noise was examined on phantom data, where ICA seemed to be less sensitive to noise on sinogram data than on image data. On cardiac rest data, the results were in line with the results on phantom data.
Suppressed Critical Current in Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors With High Fill-Factors (2009)

In this work we present a new fabrication process that enabled the fabrication of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors SNSPD with fill-factors as high as 88% with gaps between nanowires as small as 12 nm. This fabrication process combined high-resolution electron-beam lithography with photolithography. Although this work was motivated by the potential of increased detection efficiency with higher fill-factor devices, test results showed an unexpected systematic suppression in device critical currents with increasing fill-factor.
On the Origin of the Differences in Structure Directing Properties of Polar Metal Oxyfluoride [MO<sub><i>x</i></sub>F<sub>6–<i>x</i></sub>]<sup>2–</sup> (<i>x</i> = 1, 2) Building Units (2015)

In oxyfluoride chemistry, the [MO(x)F(6-x)](2-) anions (M = transition metal) are interesting polar building units that may be used to design polar materials, but their polar vs antipolar orientations in the solid state, which directly depend on the interactions between O(2-)/F(-) ligands and the extended structure, remain difficult to control. To improve this control, these interactions were assessed through crystallization of five related [MO(x)F(6-x)](2-) (M = Ti(4+), V(5+), Mo(6+), W(6+)) anions with organic molecules. The hybrid organic-inorganic compounds, (4,4'-bpyH2)TiF6 (1), (enH2)MoO2F4 (2), (4-hpyH)2MoO2F4·H2O (3), (4,4'-bpyH2)WO2F4 (4), and (4,4'-bpyH2)VOF5 (5), exhibit isolated [MO(x)F(6-x)](2-) anions in a hydrogen bond network. The analysis of these crystal structures in combination with DFT calculations elucidate how differences in structure directing properties of these anions arise when π-overlap between O 2p orbitals and M d orbitals is weak and significantly affected by an increase of the energy of the d orbitals from 3d to 5d.
Employment Effects of Immigration to Germany: An Analysis Based on Local Labor Markets (1997)

We analyze the impact of increased immigration on employment outcomes of natives in Germany using a data set of county-level variables for the late 1980s. In order to construct more unified labor market regions, we aggregate the 328 counties to 167 larger regions. We study two measures of immigration, the change in the share of foreigners between 1985 and 1989 as well as one-year gross and net flows of immigrants to an area. In order to address the potential problem of immigrant selection into local labor markets, we condition on previous labor market outcomes, which may serve as the basis of immigrant selection. This specification allows for mean reversion in the unemployment rate, which is strong in our data set and period of study. We show that this rules out some other approaches of identifying the impact of immigration. Our results indicate no detrimental effect of immigration. We find no support for the hypothesis that the absence of displacement effects is due to a response of native migration patterns.
Design of actively compensated finite gain amplifiers for high-frequency applications (1980)

In this paper new circuits for realizing actively compensated finite gain amplifiers (FGA's) using operational amplifiers (OA's) and resistors are given. In IC technology, as the characteristics of the OA's and the resistor ratios track closely with each other with temperature and other variations of ambient conditions, the compensation should hold under such varying conditions. An application is considered in active-RC filters. Experimental results confirm the theoretical predictions. These results show that one can expect a substantial improvement in the operating frequency range of the circuits that employ the new amplifiers over the conventional amplifiers or the existing ones using two OA's.
Soft magnetic properties and microstructures of FeRhN high moment thin films (1997)

High moment FeRhN films with soft magnetic properties have been fabricated by reactive RF sputtering. The magnetic properties and microstructures of the FeRhN films are similar to those of FeN films, but the sputtering parameters for the minimum coercivity are somewhat shifted. The addition of Rh results in slightly increased saturation magnetostriction at a given N/sub 2//Ar flow rate ratio. It is confirmed by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HREM) that small grains are important to obtain soft magnetic properties in FeRhN films deposited on alumina coated Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-TiC (AlTiC) composite substrates. It is also observed that the grain size of the /spl gamma/'-(FeRh)/sub 4/N phase does not differ much from that of the /spl alpha/-(FeRhN) solid solution phase near the optimized N/sub 2//Ar flow rate ratio.
Allele-Level Haplotype Frequencies and Pairwise Linkage Disequilibrium for 14 KIR Loci in 506 European-American Individuals (2012)

The immune responses of natural killer cells are regulated, in part, by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). The 16 closely-related genes in the KIR gene system have been diversified by gene duplication and unequal crossing over, thereby generating haplotypes with variation in gene copy number. Allelic variation also contributes to diversity within the complex. In this study, we estimated allele-level haplotype frequencies and pairwise linkage disequilibrium statistics for 14 KIR loci. The typing utilized multiple methodologies by four laboratories to provide at least 2x coverage for each allele. The computational methods generated maximum-likelihood estimates of allele-level haplotypes. Our results indicate the most extensive allele diversity was observed for the KIR framework genes and for the genes localized to the telomeric region of the KIR A haplotype. Particular alleles of the stimulatory loci appear to be nearly fixed on specific, common haplotypes while many of the less frequent alleles of the inhibitory loci appeared on multiple haplotypes, some with common haplotype structures. Haplotype structures cA01 and/or tA01 predominate in this cohort, as has been observed in most populations worldwide. Linkage disequilibrium is high within the centromeric and telomeric haplotype regions but not between them and is particularly strong between centromeric gene pairs KIR2DL5∼KIR2DS3S5 and KIR2DS3S5∼KIR2DL1, and telomeric KIR3DL1∼KIR2DS4. Although 93% of the individuals have unique pairs of full-length allelic haplotypes, large genomic blocks sharing specific sets of alleles are seen in the most frequent haplotypes. These high-resolution, high-quality haplotypes extend our basic knowledge of the KIR gene system and may be used to support clinical studies beyond single gene analysis.
Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide for the treatment of canine lymphoma: a randomized, placebo-controlled study* (2010)

Median survival times (STs) for doxorubicin-treated canine lymphoma range from 5.7 to 9 months. Because dogs treated with multi-agent protocols have longer STs, we sought to evaluate whether adding cyclophosphamide would improve outcome in canine lymphoma patients while maintaining an acceptable level of toxicity. Thirty-two dogs with stage III-V multicentric lymphoma were treated with doxorubicin every 3 weeks for five total cycles and prednisone at a tapering dose for the first 4 weeks. Dogs were randomized to receive either cyclophosphamide or placebo concurrently. Seventeen dogs received doxorubicin and placebo, while 15 dogs received doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Response, toxicity, progression-free interval (PFI) and ST were evaluated. The combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide was well tolerated, causing no increase in adverse events over doxorubicin alone. Despite a numeric improvement in outcome in cyclophosphamide treated dogs, the addition of cyclophosphamide did not result in statistically improved response rate, PFI or ST.
Cloning, sequencing, and mutation of a gene for azurin in Methylobacillus flagellatum KT (1995)

The gene cluster for methylamine utilization (mau genes) has been cloned from the obligate methylotrophic bacterium Methylobacillus flagellatum KT. Partial sequence data showed that the organization of these genes was similar to that found in Methylophilus methylotrophus W3A1-NS, including the lack of a gene for amicyanin, which had been thought to be the electron acceptor for methylamine dehydrogenase in M. flagellatum KT. However, a gene encoding azurin was discovered at the 3' end of the mau gene cluster, transcribed in the opposite orientation. A mutant with a defect in this gene showed impaired growth on methylamine, suggesting that azurin is involved in methylamine oxidation in M. flagellatum KT.
Expression of human butyrylcholinesterase with an engineered glycosylation profile resembling the plasma‐derived orthologue (2013)

Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is considered a candidate bioscavenger of nerve agents for use in pre- and post-exposure treatment. However, the presence and functional necessity of complex N-glycans (i.e. sialylated structures) is a challenging issue in respect to its recombinant expression. Here we transiently co-expressed BChE cDNA in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana with vectors carrying the genes necessary for in planta protein sialylation. Site-specific sugar profiling of secreted recombinant BChE (rBChE) collected from the intercellular fluid revealed the presence of mono- and di-sialylated N-glycans, which largely resembles to the plasma-derived orthologue. Attempts to increase that sialylation content of rBChE by the over-expression of an additional glycosylation enzyme that generates branched N-glycans (i.e. β1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase IV), allowed the production of rBChE decorated with tri-sialylated structures (up to 70%). Sialylated and non-sialylated plant-derived rBChE exhibited functional in vitro activity comparable to that of its commercially available equine-derived counterpart. These results demonstrate the ability of plants to generate valuable proteins with designed sialylated glycosylation profiles optimized for therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the efficient synthesis of carbohydrates present only in minute amounts on the native protein (tri-sialylated N-glycans) facilitates the generation of a product with superior efficacies and/or new therapeutic functions.
Highly Stretchable and UV Curable Elastomers for Digital Light Processing Based 3D Printing (2017)

Stretchable UV-curable (SUV) elastomers can be stretched by up to 1100% and are suitable for digital-light-processing (DLP)-based 3D-printing technology. DLP printing of these SUV elastomers enables the direct creation of highly deformable complex 3D hollow structures such as balloons, soft actuators, grippers, and buckyball electronical switches. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis and Action in Cut Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) by Aminotriazole (1994)

Treating `Elliott's White' cut carnations with 50 or 100 m m aminotriazole for 4 days inhibits the respiratory climacteric and significantly extends vase life. Aminotriazole induced time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of ethylene evolution and onset of the ethylene climacteric by inhibiting ACC synthase activity. Flowers treated with 50 or 100 m m aminotriazole for 2 days exhibited concentration-dependent increases in ethylene evolution, respiratory activity, ACC synthase activity, and petal ACC content in response to the application of exogenous ethylene at 10 μl·liter -1 . Senescence-associated morphological changes, increased ACC synthase activity, ACC content, and ethylene evolution were completely inhibited in flowers treated for 4 days with 100 m m aminotriazole. Although treatment with 50 m m aminotriazole for 4 days did not completely inhibit components of the ethylene biosynthetic pathway, no morphological or respiratory responses to the application of exogenous ethylene at 10 μl·liter -1 were observed, a result indicating that prolonged aminotriazole treatment inhibited ethylene action. Chemical names used: 3-1 H -amino-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl (aminotriazole), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).
Location-based notification as a general-purpose service (2002)

An often-discussed mobile commerce application is proximity-based coupon delivery. In a typical scenario a merchant is notified when a valued customer is within some distance of a retail outlet, upon which the customer is delivered a coupon or some notice of a special promotion. We believe that this basic mechanism of location-based notification has application far beyond commercial promotion, and is also of interest for tourism, traffic information, public service, and public safety. Furthermore, we believe that a general-purpose location-based notification service that can serve all these applications would be highly useful. However, as we will show, current architectures deployed by wireless carriers to service location-aware applications cannot handle the load of positioning requests implied by such a general-purpose service. We motivate the need for such a service, discuss the limitations of current architectures for providing location information, and detail the requirements for an architecture which would make such a service possible.
Targeted depletion of an MDSC subset unmasks pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to adaptive immunity (2014)

Neoplastic ductal cells of the pancreas induce distinct myeloid cell subsets that promote tumour cell survival and accumulation. Targeted depletion of a single myeloid subset, the Gr-MDSC, can unmask an endogenous T cell response, disclosing an unexpected latent immunity and invoking targeting of Gr-MDSC as a potential strategy to exploit for treating this highly lethal disease.
Performance Characteristics of a 32 mm Small Form-Factor Optical Disc and Drive (2004)

Experimental data obtained from testing the DataPlay 32 mm disc and drive are presented. Of particular interest, due to the unique rotary tilt arm actuator and front surface head/media architecture is the data concerning shock, vibration, and temperature and humidity stress environments. Results demonstrate that the DataPlay optical drive and media are sufficiently robust for use in portable consumer electronics devices.
Exercise Stress Test Amplifies Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in the LQT1 and LQT2 Forms of the Long-QT Syndrome (2003)

Tpe interval increases during exercise in LQT1 but not in LQT2, which may partially account for the finding that fatal cardiac events in LQT1 are more often associated with exercise.
Software Reuse Detection Using an Integrated Space-Logic Domain Model (2007)

Software reuse detection is a challenging task due to various modifications and the large size of software code. Most existing approaches adopt a token-based software representation and use sequential analysis for software reuse detection. Due to the intrinsic limitations of such a space-domain analysis, these methods have difficulties to handle statement reordering, insertion and control replacement. Recently, logic-domain models such as program dependent graph have been exploited to solve these issues. Although they can improve the performance in terms of accuracy, they introduce additional problems. Their computational complexity is very high and dramatically increases with the software size, limiting their applications in practice. In this paper, we propose a novel software reuse detection framework using an integrated space-logic domain model. It embeds a logic-domain software model into a space-domain analysis and thoroughly exploits the software 's information from both space domain and logic domain. The preliminary experimental results have demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed approach compared with other methods.
Remote solutions (2008)

Bursary winner Gillian Swan travelled to Australia to see how nurses are being educated in rural areas
Experimental Results on Item-Based Algorithms for Independent Domain Collaborative Filtering (2008)

A research analysis on item-based algorithms for collaborative filtering is presented. The aim of the presented activity was to find a configuration of an item-based algorithm capable of providing good results but also independent from the data set. Four data sets were used for the algorithm validation: Netflix, MovieLens, BookCrossing, and Jester. The experimentation involved the following aspects: similarity computation, size of the neighbourhood, prediction computation, minimum number of co-rated items. Results were evaluated in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE). The result of the activity is an independent domain configuration for an item-based algorithm which produced satisfactory results with most of the above mentioned data sets.
Dual-graphite chemistry enabled by a high voltage electrolyte (2013)

A reversible dual-graphite intercalation chemistry with simultaneous accommodation of Li+ and PF6− in graphitic structures is enabled for the first time by a high voltage electrolyte based on a fluorinated solvent and additive, which is capable of supporting the chemistry at 5.2 V with high efficiency. This all-graphite battery promises an energy storage device of low cost, high safety and high environmental friendliness that are critical for large scale energy harvesting/storage needs.
Distributed complex event processing with query rewriting (2009)

The nature of data in enterprises and on the Internet is changing. Data used to be stored in a database first and queried later. Today timely processing of new data, represented as events, is increasingly valuable. In many domains, complex event processing (CEP) systems detect patterns of events for decision making. Examples include processing of environmental sensor data, trades in financial markets and RSS web feeds. Unlike conventional database systems, most current CEP systems pay little attention to query optimisation. They do not rewrite queries to more efficient representations or make decisions about operator distribution, limiting their overall scalability.
The benefits of combining trusted computing with virtualization techniques (2010)

Within the last few years attacks against IT systems have reached an alarming number. Since these systems are applied in more and more application fields the arising financial damage is tremendous. The Trusted Computing (TC) approach of the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) should ensure that a system is permanently in a well-defined and trustworthy state. However the TCG only defines the components necessary for a Trusted Computing Platform (TCP) which provides the functionality to measure the integrity of the system during boot process. These integrity measurements must be sustained during runtime of an operating system in order to make qualitative statements of the system state. Common operating systems are far to complex which makes a complete measurement of all security critical files quite impossible. This paper presents an approach towards a security architecture by using virtualization technologies as well as security enhancements of modern processor architectures for hardening an operating system on top of a TCP.
언론사별 경찰평판 차이에 대한 실증적 분석 (2016)

이 연구는 미디어가 일반 대중의 인식형성에 영향을 미친다는 미디어 이론을 근거로 경찰에 대한 미디어 평판을 실증적으로 분석하기 위해 설계되었다. 연구목적의 달성을 위해 경향신문과 동아일보의 2년 간 경찰관련 기사의 내용분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 경찰관련 의제설정에 있어서 언론사별로 서로 다른 태도를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 평판속성에 관해 서도 차이를 보였다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 범죄수사·예방활동(p<.001), 집회·시위 진압활동(p<.001), 제도 개선 및 홍보(P<.01), 근무기강 및 여건(p<.01), 인사·동정(p<.001), 기타사건·사고(p<0.05) 의제에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 평판속성별로는 전문성(p<.05), 민주성(p<.001), 정치적중립성(p<.01)의 속성에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이 연구는 경찰평판에 관한 연구의 범위를 미디어의 범위로 확대했다는 점과 언론사별 주요 관심의제 및 평판속성에 관한 차이를 실증적으로 검증한 연구라는 점에 그 의의가 있다. 다만, 경찰평판의 계량화에 좀 더 정교한 도구를 활용할 필요가 있었다는 점과 평판속성의 분류에 있어 좀 더 객관적이고 세밀한 기준의 설정이 필요하다는 점에서는 한계가 존재한다.
Ligand Interaction between Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Its Receptor Probed with 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate. Evidence for a Hydrophobic Binding Site Exposed Only on the Intact Receptor (1994)

The cellular receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPAR) is a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein thought to play a primary role in the generation of pericellular proteolytic activity, and to be involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This protein is composed of three homologous domains, the NH2-terminal of which is involved in the high-affinity binding (Kd approximately 0.1-1.0 nM) to the epidermal growth factor-like module of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Here we report that intact uPAR binds the low molecular weight fluorophore 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) to form a 1:1 stoichiometric complex and that the resulting enhancement of the ANS fluorescence probes the functional state of uPAR as judged by several independent criteria. First, the uPAR-mediated increase in ANS fluorescence can be titrated by uPA as well as by its receptor binding derivatives (the amino-terminal fragment and the growth factor-like module). Second, an anti-uPAR monoclonal antibody, capable of preventing uPA binding, can also titrate the uPAR-dependent ANS fluorescence whereas other antibodies not interfering with uPA binding are unable to exert this effect. Third, the dissociation profile of uPA-uPAR complexes as a function of increasing concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride closely parallels the loss of the ANS binding site in uPAR. Finally, liberation of the NH2-terminal domain from uPAR by limited chymotrypsin cleavage after Tyr87 leads to a loss of both enhanced ANS fluorescence and high-affinity uPA binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)