gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistence and probabilistic projection (1989)

Predicting the future is an essential component of decision-making. In most situations, however, there is not enough information to make accurate predictions. A theory of causal reasoning for predictive inference under uncertainty is developed. A common type of prediction that involves reasoning about persistence is emphasized: whether or not a proposition once made true remains true at some later time. A decision procedure with a polynomial-time algorithm for determining the probability of the possible consequences of a set of events and initial conditions is provided. The integration of simple probability theory with temporal projection circumvents problems in dealing with persistence by nonmonotonic temporal reasoning schemes. These ideas have been implemented in a prototype system that refines a database of causal rules in the course of applying those rules to construct and carry out plans in a manufacturing domain.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cellular Basis for the Normal T Wave and the Electrocardiographic Manifestations of the Long-QT Syndrome (1998)

Our results provide the first direct evidence that opposing voltage gradients between epicardium and the M region and endocardium and the M region contribute prominently to the inscription of the ECG T wave under normal conditions and to the widened or bifurcated T wave and long-QT interval observed under LQT conditions. Our data suggest that the "pathophysiological U" wave observed in acquired or congenital LQTS is more likely to be a second component of an interrupted T wave, and argue for use of the term T2 in place of U to describe this event.
<i>In vivo</i> regeneration of renal vessels post whole decellularized kidneys transplantation (2015)

Nearly 50 million patients in China live with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and only about 4000 patients may receive kidney transplantation. The purpose of this study was to investigate regeneration of renal vessels post whole decellularized kidneys transplantation in vivo. We decellularized kidneys of donor rats by perfusing a detergent through the abdominal aorta, yielding feasible extracellular matrix, confirmed for acellularity before transplantation. Based on the concept of using the body as a bioreactor, we orthotopically transplanted the kidney and ureter scaffolds in recipient rats, and found the regeneration of vessels including artery and vein in the renal sinus following a spontaneous recanalization. Although the findings only represent an initial step toward the ultimate goal of the generation of fully functional kidneys in vivo, these findings suggest that the body itself, as the bioreactor, is a viable strategy for kidney regeneration.
Numerical Compensation of Dispersion Mismatch in Discretely Swept Optical-Frequency-Domain-Reflectometry Optical Coherence Tomography (2006)

We propose a numerical method to compensate dispersion mismatch in optical coherence tomography (OCT) based on optical-frequency-domain reflectyometry (OFDR). Dispersion mismatch causes phase distortion in interferograms depending on wavelength and results in a loss of resolution. We introduce a method to perform the numerical compensation directly to experimental interferograms in real space. Experimental tests are performed for the case of the Mach–Zehnder type OFDR-OCT using a super-structured-grating distributed-Bragg-reflector (SSG-DBR) laser, in which the wavenumber of the optical source is swept discretely by equal interval. It is shown that the method is effective to improve images for layered transparency sheets. We also apply the method to OFDR-OCT imaging of a human nail.
SCAP benchmark for Cisco router security configuration compliance (2015)

Information security management is time-consuming and error-prone. Apart from day-to-day operations, organizations need to comply with industrial regulations or government directives. Thus, organizations are looking for security tools to automate security management tasks and daily operations. Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) is a suite of specifications that help to automate security management tasks such as vulnerability measurement and policy compliance evaluation. SCAP benchmark provides detailed guidance on setting the security configuration of network devices, operating systems, and applications. Organizations can use SCAP benchmark to perform automated configuration compliance assessment on network devices, operating systems, and applications. This paper discusses SCAP benchmark components and the development of a SCAP benchmark for automating Cisco router security configuration compliance.
Native C-Reactive Protein Increases Whereas Modified C-Reactive Protein Reduces Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice (2005)

Here, we show that mCRP and nCRP have opposite effects on atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-) mice. These data may explain in part the conflicting activities previously reported for CRP in models of atherogenesis.
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in human breast cancer tissue. (1992)

Breast tumor cell lines have been shown to secrete at least five distinct insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBP), the secretion being related to the estrogen receptor (ER) content. In this study we investigated IGFBP mRNA expression and IGFBP content in relation to ER content in human breast tumors. Tissue specimens from 47 breast cancers were studied. In five cases the adjacent histologically normal tissue was also analyzed. IGFBP content in tissue homogenates was studied by Western ligand blot analysis, using [125I] IGF-I as a label, and IGFBP mRNA expression by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The results show that human breast tumors express mRNAs encoding IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5. The pattern of IGFBPs in different tumors varies. No correlation exists between ER content and IGFBPs with molecular weights 24,000 Mr, 28,000 Mr, 34,000 Mr or 43,000 Mr, whereas the 49,000 Mr IGFBP was more abundant in ER negative tumors (P less than 0.05). The IGFBP content was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in five tumors than in their adjacent normal tissues suggesting that increased content of IGFBPs is a feature typically associated with the malignant transformation of breast tissue.
A new path metric for survivable circuit switched routing (2003)

The authors report a novel path metric for survivable circuit switched routing. The distribution of physical assets in the network is assumed flat, and the network operates in a stressed environment with link and node failures. In addition, the traffic distribution is arbitrary as a function of space and time. The fundamental assumption driving this work is that 'delay', both processing delay at a node and propagation delay, is insignificant to the degree that from a delay-only viewpoint, the total number of hops that comprise the path of the circuit is unimportant. A heuristic that attempts to completely avoid using capacity into or out of a node and generally defers blocking calls as long as possible is used. Three metrics have been studied: the shortest number of hops without regard for link utilization, the shortest number of hops considering links that have unused capacity, and a nonlinear utilization-sensitive metric.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Increased detection of invasive enteropathogenic bacteria in pre-incubated blood culture materials by real-time PCR in comparison with automated incubation in Sub-Saharan Africa (2013)

Real-time PCR was more sensitive in identifying invasive enteropathogenic bacteria than automated blood culture, which is hampered by a lack of evidence-based standardization of pre-analytic conditions in the tropics. Primary agar culture and Gram-staining prior to automated blood culture is advisable in cases where transportation times are long.
Molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaAs on silicon with buried implanted oxides (1988)

We report the first results of direct growth of GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy on nominally (100) oriented silicon with buried implanted oxides. Rutherford backscattering and transmission electron microscopy techniques have been used to characterise these layers. The formation of hillocks and a uniform layer of GaAs in the intervening regions between hillocks have been observed. Microtwins, dislocations and antiphase domain boundaries are the predominant defects observed in these layers.
Photonic radio frequency phase-shift amplification by radio frequency interferometry (2015)

We present a new technique for radio frequency (RF) phase-shift amplification based on RF interferometry and demonstrate it in an optical system. A striking feature of this amplifier is that the input phase noise is not amplified together with the input phase signal, so the phase sensitivity improves with higher phase amplification. We also predict that in the case of correlated amplitude noise, the sensitivity is not affected by the amplitude noise. With 600 MHz of modulated light and a phase amplification of 100, we demonstrate a phase resolution of 0.2 mrad, giving a distance resolution of 8 μm. We postulate that nanometric distance resolution can be achieved with sub-gigahertz modulation.
Nonlinear luminescence and time-resolved diffusion profiles of photoexcited carriers in semiconductors (1982)

We describe a new and general optical technique for studying carrier dynamics in semiconductors which is based on the luminescence nonlinearity resulting from the bimolecular recombination of the carriers. The technique has been used to obtain time-resolved diffusion profiles and the hole mobility in photoexcited GaAs.
The Phosphoprotein of the Dentin Matrix<sup>*</sup> (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Phosphoprotein of the Dentin Matrix*Arthur Veis and Ann PerryCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 8, 2409–2416Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00860a017https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00860a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views239Altmetric-Citations200LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)\CXCR4 couple plays multiple roles on haematopoietic progenitors at the border between the old cytokine and new chemokine worlds: survival, cell cycling and trafficking. (2005)

Generation of haematopoietic cells is regulated by cellular and humoral interactions in which stromal cells, adhesion molecules, cytokines and chemokines play a crucial role. Among the chemokines, SDF-1 and its CXCR4 receptor have been reported to be key players in the nesting of haematopoietic progenitors within the bone marrow. Disruption of the SDF-1\CXCR4 axis results in cell mobilization and may participate in leukaemia extramedullary infiltration. In this review we will discuss the manifold roles of the SDF-1 chemokine and of its receptor in haematopoiesis regulation. By recruiting quiescent progenitors, by participating in their survival\cycling and by sensitizing them to further cytokine synergistic action, SDF-1 likely contributes to haematopoiesis homeostasis under physiological conditions and in stress situations. The complexity of the SDF-1\CXCR4 interactions in the regulation of haematopoiesis illustrates a dynamic and sequential cross-talk between chemokine and cytokine\growth factor worlds. Because of their pleiotropic effects on haematopoietic progenitor trafficking, survival and proliferation, the SDF-1\CXCR4 couple could be considered as promising molecules for improvement of cell-based therapy protocols in haematopoietic transplantation.
Tunable directional subwavelength acoustic antenna based on Mie resonance (2018)

Modulating the emission pattern of classic sound sources with a sub-wavelength scale dimension is a challenging. In this letter, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that a Mie-resonance based antenna can be designed in various modes to effectively enhance the emissivity of the radiated power and directivity of radiation pattern. A 2.33-fold enhancement of the radiated power and an 8.93-fold enhancement of the sound intensity are achieved in the mainlobe direction. Furthermore, we propose reconfigurable antenna scanning where the selectable beam direction is free to be controlled from 0° to 360°. The tunable directional acoustic antenna offers a new way to control sound with the improved performance.
Inter-generation differences in foot morphology: aging or secular change? (2003)

Inter-generation differences in foot dimensions were examined using ANCOVA to determine whether aging or secular change is the more important causal factor. In examining the results, bone size was assumed not to change after the end of linear growth, while foot arches were assumed to become flatter rather than higher if there were any changes in skeletal structure. Changes in overall body build according to age were examined using statistical data collected by the government through population-follow-up. Secular changes in foot length (FL) and foot breadth, diagonal (FB) as well as the changes with age in FB were examined using data measured at ages younger than 50 years. The effects of overall body build were examined using the body mass index (BMI). Compared to the 1970 group (birth year: 1960-78) of the same FL, the 1930 group (birth year: 1909-39) had larger foot circumferences, wider breadth measurements, higher dorsal arches and ball, and greater toe 5 angle, but had shorter fibular instep lengths and shorter 5th metatarsal bones. The 1930 groups tended to have larger FB than the 1970 group of the same foot circumference. No inter-generation differences were observed in the heights at the medial and lateral malleoli, toe 1 angle, or the relationship between FB and heel breadth. These findings are discussed in terms of the effects of weight increase after the end of linear growth, changes in skeletal structure, overall body build as young adults, socioeconomic status during the growth period, as well as differential growth rates of foot bones. The conclusions are 1) changes in foot length and longitudinal arches due to aging are negligible, 2) the large circumferences, breadths, and higher dorsal arches and ball of the 1930 group for their foot length are better explained by their robust bones than by the increase in soft tissue after the end of linear growth, and 3) the larger FB of the 1930 group for their foot circumference is partly explained by their shorter fibular instep length. As a whole, factors affecting growth (secular change) are more important than changes after the end of growth (aging) in the inter-generation differences in foot morphology.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Sequence Variation Induces an HCV-Specific T-Cell Phenotype Analogous to Spontaneous Resolution (2009)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8(+) T cells in persistent HCV infection are low in frequency and paradoxically show a phenotype associated with controlled infections, expressing the memory marker CD127. We addressed to what extent this phenotype is dependent on the presence of cognate antigen. We analyzed virus-specific responses in acute and chronic HCV infections and sequenced autologous virus. We show that CD127 expression is associated with decreased antigenic stimulation after either viral clearance or viral variation. Our data indicate that most CD8 T-cell responses in chronic HCV infection do not target the circulating virus and that the appearance of HCV-specific CD127(+) T cells is driven by viral variation.
Light-Enhanced Charge Mobility in a Molecular Hole Transporter (2007)

We present an investigation into the charge transport through a molecular hole transporter. Under illumination, photoinduced charge transfer occurs from a sensitizer to the hole transporter. The increased hole density results in striking enhancements in film conductivity, up to ${10}^{6}$, and charge carrier mobility, up to ${10}^{3}$. Such enhancements in mobility at low charge densities have not previously been observed in molecular semiconductors, and demonstrate the importance of considering a charge-density dependent mobility in molecular semiconductors employed under photovoltaic operation.
Biosynthesis and function of membrane bound and secreted forms of recombinant CD11b/CD18 (Mac‐1) (1993)

Full-length (membrane bound) and truncated (secreted) forms of the beta 2 integrin heterodimer, CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1), were expressed in a human kidney cell line (293) that normally does not express leukocyte adhesion molecules (Leu-CAMs). The biosynthesis of recombinant Mac-1 in 293 cells differed from that reported for leukocytes in that heterodimer formation was not required for CD11b to be exported to the cell surface. A stable cell line was constructed that constitutively secreted the recombinant, truncated Mac-1 heterodimer into growth conditioned cell culture medium. A novel monoclonal antibody that enabled an immunoaffinity method for the selective purification of recombinant Mac-1 heterodimers was identified. Sufficient protein was purified to allow the first measurement of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for CD11b/CD18 and for the direct comparison of the inhibitory activity of recombinant soluble Mac-1 with that of various CD18 and CD11b specific monoclonal antibodies. Purified recombinant soluble Mac-1 inhibited the binding of neutrophils, activated by opsonized zymosan or fMet-Leu-Phe peptide, to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Similarly, the recombinant integrin was effective in inhibiting the binding of unactivated neutrophils to tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) activated endothelial cells. The availability of an abundant source of purified, biologically active Mac-1 will enable direct physical and chemical investigations into the relationship between the structure and function of this leukocyte adhesion molecule.
Biochemistry of the erythrocyte Rh polypeptides: a review. (1991)

The clinically important Rh blood group system is complex, consisting of multiple distinct antigens. Despite clinical recognition for over 50 years, the Rh blood group antigens have remained poorly understood on a molecular level until the recent identification and characterization of the "Rh polypeptides," the core structural proteins of the Rh antigens. This group of erythrocyte membrane proteins of molecular weight 30,000-35,000 daltons was first recognized by employing Rh-specific antibodies to immunoprecipitate radiolabeled components of erythrocyte membranes. By using antibodies specific for the Rh D, c, and E antigens, a series of highly related non-identical proteins were immunoprecipitated, indicating that the Rh antigens are composed of multiple related proteins. The Rh polypeptides have been purified and characterized, and they were found to have several unusual biochemical characteristics. The Rh polypeptides penetrate the membrane bilayer; they are linked to the underlying membrane skeleton; they are covalently fatty acid acylated with palmitate. While the Rh antigenic reactivity is unique to human erythrocytes, the Rh polypeptides have been isolated from erythrocytes of diverse species and are thought to be fundamental components of all mammalian erythrocyte membranes. The functional role of the Rh polypeptides remains undefined, but a role in the organization of membrane phospholipid is suspected.
Monovision pseudophakia (2002)

In a diverse group of self-selected patients from 1 metropolitan-area ophthalmology practice who were motivated to be free of spectacles, pseudophakic monovision provided a high level of satisfaction. No morbidity was associated with monovision as those who were dissatisfied with their uncorrected state did well with spectacle or contact lens correction.
Low temperature plasma chemical vapor deposition of silicon oxynitride thin-film waveguides (1984)

The use of plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) of silicon oxynitride (SixOyNz) thin films on Si substrates at the very low temperature of 200°C is reported. Such a low deposition temperature would allow these films to be deposited on substrates with low decomposition or melting temperature. This is particularly significant to some of the important III–V compounds such as GaAs and InP. Another advantage of this low temperature deposition process is that undesired diffusion of dopants already present in the semiconductor substrates is reduced during film deposition. The details on the deposition procedures and the optical characteristics of the films are reported in this paper.
Staff dose reduction during coronary angiography using low framing speed (1996)

Radiation exposure of cardiac catheterization laboratory staff is a known occupational hazard, and efforts are made to obtain dose levels which are "as low as reasonably achievable". This study assessed the reduction in staff radiation exposure using cine framing at 12.5 f s-1 during coronary cineangiography, instead of 25 f s-1. Thermoluminescent dosemeters were used to measure equivalent dose at several sites for the operator, nurse assistant, and X-ray technician during 15 procedures at both frame rates. Patient-related and procedure-related variables were similar in the two groups of examinations. Mean equivalent dose absorbed (microSv) at the left side of the forehead was reduced by 61%, 60% and 36%, for the operator, nurse assistant and X-ray technician, respectively. With use of the lower frame rate similar reductions by 42%, 62% and 62% were measured at the thyroid level, and by 51%, 40% and 61% at the mid-thorax level. Cinefilming at low frame rates during coronary arteriography allows a substantial X-ray dose reduction at all body sites for all staff. Use of lower frame rates wherever possible is of special interest since it may also reduce patient radiation exposure.
Introducing GeoGebra to foundation year students (2009)

Introducing GeoGebra to foundation year students Volume/Issue Vol 9, Issue 2 Date Friday, 1 May, 2009 Journal Name MSOR Connections Author(s) David R. Green Carol L. Robinson Abstract Staff in the Mathematics Education Centre at Loughborough University have been involved in an initiative to introduce GeoGebra [1] to just over 200 students on the Science and Engineering Foundation Studies programme in the academic year 2008-9. Mathematics forms an important part (25%) of the programme for most of the students and their prior knowledge of mathematics is diverse. Some students’ highest mathematics qualification is a GCSE, while others have taken A-level mathematics, but have not obtained combined grades high enough for entry to their chosen degree course. A significant part of the mathematics taught on the foundation programme requires students to manipulate algebraic expressions and to sketch functions. It was decided that GeoGebra would be an ideal tool to, amongst other things, help students link algebraic manipulations with the corresponding graphs and to enable students to see the effect of varying parameters. DOI doi:10.11120/msor.2009.09020006 File upload msor.9.2c.pdf [1]