gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRELIMINARY SURVEY ON OCCURRENCE OF APHIDS, THRIPS LEAF MINER IN TOMATO GROWING AREAS IN MOROGORO REGION TANZANIA (2019)

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is one of the important crop in East Africa as a source of food, income and export. Occurrence of different pest including indigenous and alien in tomato fields are considered as a major threat pests to tomato growers. Worldwide pest problems in horticultural investment need to be considered carefully as their presence increase cost of production. Despite of this information in Tanzania there has been little research to update pest list infesting our tomatoes. The study was conducted in Morogoro region in Kauzeni and Bigwa wards whereby farmers grow different varieties of tomatoes. Farmers spray different fungicides and pesticides twice per week to manage different pests. The selected fields were located at S 04˚47ʹ41.7ʹʹ, E 038˚13ʹ11.8ʹʹ and S 06˚53ʹ38.3ʹʹ, E 037˚36ʹ07.4ʹʹ Random sampling using “W” Pattern was used to get representation of the fields. Occurrence of pest population was estimated from ten plants during 2018/19, searching from young, middle and older leaves. Insect specimens were collected using fine forceps, aspirators, and preserved in ethanol 70% for laboratory identification. The results showed no aphids were detected from frequent sprayed tomato fields, other pests observed include the white flies with mean (57) individuals per plant, followed by leaf miner (70) and the highest number was thrips representing (107) Mean population comparison showed a significant differences P< 0.005. Understanding occurrence of different pests in tomato growing areas could assist in planning sustainable Integrated Pest Management programme in tomato growing areas.
Complete single-channel solutions to hidden terminal problems in wireless LANs (2002)

We specify and analyze two variants of floor acquisition multiple access protocols for CSMA single-channel wireless LANs (WLANs) with hidden terminals. One variant assumes that all stations have the same functionality, and the other assumes base station control. These are the first protocols that solve the hidden-terminal problems of single-channel WLANS. Stations use carrier sensing and a three way handshake, just as advocated in MACA, IEEE 802.11 and FAMA-NTR introduced in the past. However, the clear to send (CTS) from a receiver lasts long enough to be able to jam any hidden sender that did not hear the request to send (RTS) being acknowledged and who started sending its RTS after the receiver started sending the CTS. We verify that this jamming of the "offending senders" by the receivers permits floor acquisition to be enforced correctly, i.e., that no data packet sent by a sender will ever collide at the intended receiver with any packet sent by any other station hidden or exposed from the sender. The performance of these protocols is compared by simulation with the performance of MACAW reported in the past.
Low power microelectronics: retrospect and prospect (1995)

The era of low power microelectronics began with the invention of the transistor in the late 1940's and came of age with the invention of the integrated circuit in the late 1950's. Historically, the most demanding applications of low power microelectronics have been battery operated products such as wrist watches, hearing aids, implantable cardiac pacemakers, pocket calculators, pagers, cellular telephones and prospectively the hand-held multi-media terminal However, in the early 1990's low power microelectronics rapidly evolved from a substantial tributary to the mainstream of microelectronics. The principal reasons for this transformation were the increasing packing density of transistors and increasing clock frequencies of CMOS microchips pushing heat removal and power distribution to the forefront of the problems confronting the advance of microelectronics. The distinctive thesis of this discussion is that future opportunities for low power gigascale integration (GSI) will be governed by a hierarchy of theoretical and practical limits whose levels can be codified as: (1) fundamental, (2) material, (3) device, (4) circuit, and (5) system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Defining a minimal cell: essentiality of small <scp>ORF</scp> s and nc <scp>RNA</scp> s in a genome‐reduced bacterium (2015)

Identifying all essential genomic components is critical for the assembly of minimal artificial life. In the genome-reduced bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae, we found that small ORFs (smORFs; < 100 residues), accounting for 10% of all ORFs, are the most frequently essential genomic components (53%), followed by conventional ORFs (49%). Essentiality of smORFs may be explained by their function as members of protein and/or DNA/RNA complexes. In larger proteins, essentiality applied to individual domains and not entire proteins, a notion we could confirm by expression of truncated domains. The fraction of essential non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) non-overlapping with essential genes is 5% higher than of non-transcribed regions (0.9%), pointing to the important functions of the former. We found that the minimal essential genome is comprised of 33% (269,410 bp) of the M. pneumoniae genome. Our data highlight an unexpected hidden layer of smORFs with essential functions, as well as non-coding regions, thus changing the focus when aiming to define the minimal essential genome.
Thermochromic and Solvatochromic Conjugated Polymers by Design (2000)

The thermochromic and solvatochromic properties of a series of phenylene-based conjugated polymers have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Poly(1,4-(2,5-dioctyloxyphenylene)-2,5-thiophene), poly(1,4-(2,5-dioctylphenylene)-2,5-furan), and poly(1,4-(2,5-didodecyloxyphenylene)-2,5-(3,4-diethylenedioxythiophene)) have revealed interesting chromic effects which, on the basis of calculations on dimer model compounds, seem to be related to a rather flexible backbone with an energy barrier against planarity <1.3 kcal/mol. However, in the absence of sterically demanding side chains (e.g., poly(1,4-(2,5-dioctyloxyphenylene)-2,5-furan)), the conjugated polymer can maintain a highly conjugated (coplanar or nearly coplanar) conformation, even at high temperatures or in dilute solutions. Finally, as observed with poly(1,4-(2,5-dioctylphenylene)-2,5-thiophene), if the steric interactions are too strong, no coplanar conformation can be adopted upon cooling or aggregation.
A Power Efficient M-ary Orthogonal Pulse Polarity Modulation for TH-UWB System Using Modified OVSF Codes (2004)

An M-ary orthogonal pulse polarity modulation (OP/sup 2/M) using modified orthogonal variable spreading factor codes (OVSF), i.e., a set of orthogonal Walsh codes, for time hopping ultra wideband (TH-UWB) communication systems is proposed. Under FCC power spectrum density (PSD) constraint for UWB, the proposed M-ary OP/sup 2/M system proves to be more power efficient than traditional bi-phase shift-keying (BPSK) modulation, binary and M-ary pulse position modulation (PPM) systems. OVSF codes are modified in OP/sup 2/M to smooth the signal PSD for meeting FCC PSD mask for UWB system. Reduced complexity receiver architecture provides tractable system complexity. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed 32-ary OP/sup 2/M TH-UWB system is more power efficient than previous PPM and BPSK modulations.
Novel 3-Aralkyl-7-(amino-substituted)-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-<i>d</i>]pyrimidines with High Affinity toward A<sub>1</sub> Adenosine Receptors (1998)

Three series of several 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives bearing various amino substituents at the 7 position and one of three lipophilic substituents at the 3 position (benzyl, phenethyl, or 2-chlorobenzyl) were prepared starting from the corresponding 7-chloro compounds, by nucleophilic substitution by the appropriate amine. Radioligand binding assays at bovine brain adenosine A1 and A2A receptors showed that some compounds possessed a high affinity and selectivity for the A1 receptor subtype. In particular the biological results suggested the compounds bearing cycloalkylamino (cyclopentyl- and cyclohexylamino) or aralkylamino (alpha-methylbenzyl- and 1-methyl-2-phenylethylamino or amphetamino) substituents at the 7 position were the most active derivatives. The best lipophilic substituent at the 3 position was the 2-chlorobenzyl (A1 affinity Ki < 50 nM) followed by the benzyl and then the phenethyl groups. This pattern of structure-activity relationship (SAR) was similar to that previously reported for analogous 1,2,3-triazolopyridazino derivatives (Biagi et al., 1994, 1995, 1996) except for the compounds bearing substituted aromatic amines which presented a generalized and strong decrease of the A1 receptor affinity. These facts allowed us to attribute to these molecules a binding mode within the A1 adenosine receptor analogous to that of the corresponding triazolopyridazines.
Time-diffusion synchronization protocol for wireless sensor networks (2005)

In the near future, small intelligent devices will be deployed in homes, plantations, oceans, rivers, streets, and highways to monitor the environment. These devices require time synchronization, so voice and video data from different sensor nodes can be fused and displayed in a meaningful way at the sink. Instead of time synchronization between just the sender and receiver or within a local group of sensor nodes, some applications require the sensor nodes to maintain a similar time within a certain tolerance throughout the lifetime of the network. The Time-Diffusion Synchronization Protocol (TDP) is proposed as a network-wide time synchronization protocol. It allows the sensor network to reach an equilibrium time and maintains a small time deviation tolerance from the equilibrium time. In addition, it is analytically shown that the TDP enables time in the network to converge. Also, simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of TDP in synchronizing the time throughout the network and balancing the energy consumed by the sensor nodes.
Ezra Studies (1971)

Book Review| June 01 1971 Ezra StudiesPseudo-Ezekiel and the Original ProphecyCritical Articles Ezra Studies, Charles C. Torrey and William F. Stinespring.Pseudo-Ezekiel and the Original Prophecy, Charles C. Torrey.Critical Articles, Shalom Spiegel, C. C. Torrey and Moshe Greenberg. Martin J. Buss Martin J. Buss Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Biblical Literature (1971) 90 (2): 223–224. https://doi.org/10.2307/3263771 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Martin J. Buss; Ezra StudiesPseudo-Ezekiel and the Original ProphecyCritical Articles. Journal of Biblical Literature 1 June 1971; 90 (2): 223–224. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3263771 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveSBL PressJournal of Biblical Literature Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 1971 Society of Biblical Literature1971 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Exosome-mediated secretion of LOXL4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis (2019)

Taken together, our data demonstrate a novel function of LOXL4 in tumor metastasis mediated by exosomes through regulation of the FAK/Src pathway and angiogenesis in HCC.
Adaptive Scaling for Feature Selection in SVMs (2002)

This paper introduces an algorithm for the automatic relevance determi-nation of input variables in kernelized Support Vector Machines. Rele-vance is measured by scale factors defining the input space metric, and feature selection is performed by assigning zero weights to irrelevant variables. The metric is automatically tuned by the minimization of the standard SVM empirical risk, where scale factors are added to the usual set of parameters defining the classifier. Feature selection is achieved by constraints encouraging the sparsity of scale factors. The resulting algorithm compares favorably to state-of-the-art feature selection proce-dures and demonstrates its effectiveness on a demanding facial expres-sion recognition problem. 1
Learning Invariant Feature Spaces to Transfer Skills with Reinforcement Learning (2017)

People can learn a wide range of tasks from their own experience, but can also learn from observing other creatures. This can accelerate acquisition of new skills even when the observed agent differs substantially from the learning agent in terms of morphology. In this paper, we examine how reinforcement learning algorithms can transfer knowledge between morphologically different agents (e.g., different robots). We introduce a problem formulation where two agents are tasked with learning multiple skills by sharing information. Our method uses the skills that were learned by both agents to train invariant feature spaces that can then be used to transfer other skills from one agent to another. The process of learning these invariant feature spaces can be viewed as a kind of "analogy making", or implicit learning of partial correspondences between two distinct domains. We evaluate our transfer learning algorithm in two simulated robotic manipulation skills, and illustrate that we can transfer knowledge between simulated robotic arms with different numbers of links, as well as simulated arms with different actuation mechanisms, where one robot is torque-driven while the other is tendon-driven.
Anomalous Sound Detection Based on Interpolation Deep Neural Network (2020)

As the labor force decreases, the demand for labor-saving automatic anomalous sound detection technology that conducts maintenance of industrial equipment has grown. Conventional approaches detect anomalies based on the reconstruction errors of an autoencoder. However, when the target machine sound is non-stationary, a reconstruction error tends to be large independent of an anomaly, and its variations increased because of the difficulty of predicting the edge frames. To solve the issue, we propose an approach to anomalous detection in which the model utilizes multiple frames of a spectrogram whose center frame is removed as an input, and it predicts an interpolation of the removed frame as an output. Rather than predicting the edge frames, the proposed approach makes the reconstruction error consistent with the anomaly. Experimental results showed that the proposed approach achieved 27% improvement based on the standard AUC score, especially against non-stationary machinery sounds.
A Comparison of Online Bilingual Dictionaries and Printed Bilingual Dictionaries (2005)

Lexicographers have experienced difficulties handling space when developing traditional printed dictionaries, which hampers the progress toward being user-friendly. A printed dictionary, an online dictionary, and an electronic hand-held dictionary were carefully examined to find their respective merits and demerits. Online bilingual dictionaries were basically the combination of two dictionaries, adding features of modern technologysuch as pronunciation and fuzzy and close spelling functions. The hyperlinks of online bilingual dictionaries to the definitions or translation equivalents need to be further refined and developed, makingthe most of modern technology. Hand-held versions are attractive because of their portability and easy browsing functionsbut consequently the contents and visual aural format are also limited. Online bilingual dictionaries include more user-friendly contents than printed bilingual dictionaries, due to the extra amount of space available. Online bilingual dictionaries could be said to be a developed version of printed bilingual dictionaries, though they have yet to be further developed.
Exosomes derived from palmitic acid-treated hepatocytes induce fibrotic activation of hepatic stellate cells (2017)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a dominant cause of chronic liver disease, but the exact mechanism of progression from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of exosomes in NAFLD progression. Exosomes were isolated from a human hepatoma cell line treated with palmitic acid (PA) and their miRNA profiles examined by microarray. The human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line (LX-2) was then treated with exosome isolated from hepatocytes. Compared with controls, PA-treated hepatocytes displayed significantly increased CD36 and exosome production. The microarray analysis showed there to be distinctive miRNA expression patterns between exosomes from vehicle- and PA-treated hepatocytes. When LX-2 cells were cultured with exosomes from PA-treated hepatocytes, the expression of genes related to the development of fibrosis were significantly amplified compared to those treated with exosomes from vehicle-treated hepatocytes. In conclusion, PA treatment enhanced the production of exosomes in these hepatocytes and changed their exosomal miRNA profile. Moreover, exosomes derived from PA-treated hepatocytes caused an increase in the expression levels of fibrotic genes in HSCs. Therefore, exosomes may have important roles in the crosstalk between hepatocytes and HSCs in the progression from simple steatosis to NASH.
Pinhole‐free large‐grained atomically smooth Au(111) substrates prepared by flame‐annealed template stripping (2008)

Abstract High‐quality atomically flat substrates are critical for the analysis and imaging of surface‐mounted ultrathin films and nanostructures. Here we report significant improvement in the preparation of large areas of atomically smooth Au(111) substrates. A thin layer of gold on silicon is flame‐annealed in air and then stripped from the template. The substrates were analyzed with X‐ray diffraction and high‐resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). In contrast to the previously reported template stripped gold (TSG) substrates, flame‐annealed template stripped substrates reveal no detectable pinholes. The substrate surface is atomically smooth with most grains being larger than 1 µm 2 . The entire procedure requires less than 2 h and uses readily available materials and common laboratory equipment. The resulting substrates can be stored for longer periods of time and then used immediately without need for common cleaning procedures. Evidence is provided that self‐assembled monolayers on these substrates are higher quality than those prepared with previously reported gold substrates. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High expression of QSOX1 reduces tumorogenesis, and is associated with a better outcome for breast cancer patients (2012)

Together, these results suggest that QSOX1 could be posited as a new biomarker of good prognosis in breast cancer and demonstrate that QSOX1 inhibits human breast cancer tumorogenesis.
Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals distinct patterns of cell state heterogeneity in mouse models of breast cancer (2020)

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) contribute to intra-tumoral heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. However, the binary concept of universal BCSCs co-existing with bulk tumor cells is over-simplified. Through single-cell RNA-sequencing, we found that Neu, PyMT and BRCA1-null mammary tumors each corresponded to a spectrum of minimally overlapping cell differentiation states without a universal BCSC population. Instead, our analyses revealed that these tumors contained distinct lineage-specific tumor propagating cells (TPCs) and this is reflective of the self-sustaining capabilities of lineage-specific stem/progenitor cells in the mammary epithelial hierarchy. By understanding the respective tumor hierarchies, we were able to identify CD14 as a TPC marker in the Neu tumor. Additionally, single-cell breast cancer subtype stratification revealed the co-existence of multiple breast cancer subtypes within tumors. Collectively, our findings emphasize the need to account for lineage-specific TPCs and the hierarchical composition within breast tumors, as these heterogenous sub-populations can have differential therapeutic susceptibilities.
AVELINE'S <i>LE PRISONNIER</i> : A SOURCE FOR <i>L'ÉTRANGER</i> ? (1982)

AVELINE'S LE PRISONNIER: A SOURCE FOR L'ÉTRANGER? Get access GABRIEL JACOBS GABRIEL JACOBS Swansea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies Bulletin, Volume 2, Issue 4, AUTUMN 1982, Pages 10–13, https://doi.org/10.1093/frebul/2.4.10 Published: 01 October 1982
Discrete photoelectrodes with dyes having different absorption wavelengths for efficient cobalt-based tandem dye-sensitised solar cells (2017)

A pn-tandem dye-sensitised solar cell (pn-DSSC) employing a set of sensitisers with complementary absorption spectra and a less-corrosive cobalt-based electrolyte is presented. We applied three organic sensitisers (denoted C343, DCBZ, and SQ) featuring different absorption wavelengths for the p-DSSC, while keeping the n-DSSC sensitiser (denoted DCA10CN2) constant. Characterisation of the Co<sup>+2/+3</sup>-based DSSC devices revealed that SQ dye, with a longer absorption wavelength, showed broader spectra and increased photocurrent activity in the visible and near-infrared region compared to the other two devices with C343 and DCBZ in the pn-DSSCs. As a result, the short-circuit current density increased significantly to 4.00 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, and the devices displayed overall power conversion efficiencies of as high as 1.41%, which is comparable to that of the best pn-DSSCs in the literature. Our results demonstrate that complementary absorption between the two photoelectrodes is important for enhancing the photovoltaic performance of pn-DSSCs.
Access control and authorization plan for customer control of network services (2003)

One challenge for future network service systems is to make customer control feasible while ensuring the security of both the customer's service and the control system itself. The author addresses the security problems that result from direct customer control. He argues that simple security mechanisms, such as access control lists, used in general-purpose computer systems are insufficient for administration control and authority delegation in network service systems. He proposes a security policy called an authorization policy that is suitable for both ensuring network security and facilitating administration and authorization control. This security policy is enforced through a unified protection mechanism called an access control hierarchy. An example is given to demonstrate the application of this access control hierarchy in existing network services.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Impact of Genetic Heterogeneity in Polymerase of Hepatitis B Virus on Dynamics of Viral Load and Hepatitis B Progression (2013)

The data highlight a role of viral genetic divergence in the natural course of HBV-infection. Interindividual differences in the long-term dynamics of viral load is not only associated with accumulation of mutations in HBV-polymerase region, but differences in specific viral polymorphisms which differ between genotypes.
Olefination of Ketones Using a Gold(III)-Catalyzed Meyer−Schuster Rearrangement (2006)

An atom-economical and efficient olefination strategy for ketones is described. Ethoxyacetylide addition followed by a gold-catalyzed Meyer-Schuster rearrangement affords alpha,beta-unsaturated esters, generally in excellent overall yield from the starting ketones. The alkynophilicity of Au3+ promotes an interaction with the electron-rich acetylenes that catalyzes the Meyer-Schuster rearrangement selectively over other conceivable pathways.