gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simple method for measuring crosstalk in stereoscopic displays (2011)

Crosstalk (also known as "ghosting", "leakage", or "extinction"), a vitally important concept in stereoscopic 3D displays, has not been clearly defined or measured in the stereoscopic literature (Woods). In this paper, a mathematical definition is proposed which uses a "physical" approach. This derivation leads to a clear definition of leftview or right-view crosstalk and shows that 1), when the display's black level is not zero, it must be subtracted out and 2), when the source intensities are equal, crosstalk can be measured using observed intensities totally within the respective view. Next, a simple method of measuring crosstalk is presented, one that relies on only viewing a test chart on the display. No electronic or optical instruments are needed. Results of the use of the chart are presented, as well as optical measurements, which did not agree well with chart results. The main reason for the discrepancy is the difficulty of measuring very low light levels. With wide distribution, this tool can lead to the collection of useful performance information about 3D displays and, therefore, to the production of the best stereoscopic displays.
Switch-level timing models in the MOS simulator BRASIL (1990)

New timing models have been developed and implemented in the switch-level timing simulator BRASIL which are able to give fairly accurate signal waveforms. This enables the detection of faulty aspect ratios, dynamic hazards and races and timing faults caused by clock skew in NMOS and CMOS circuits. In contrast to most existing switch-level timing simulators the algorithm is not restricted to tree structures of the active subnetworks. >
An inviscid model of two-dimensional vortex shedding for transient and asymptotically steady separated flow over an inclined plate (1975)

A potential flow model of two-dimensional vortex shedding behind an inclined plate is developed. The free shear layers which emanate from the sides of the plate are represented by discrete vortices through the use of the appropriate complex-velocity potential, the Kutta condition and the Joukowsky transformation between a circle and the plate cross-section. The analysis is then applied to predict the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the flow for various angles of attack. The results compare favourably with the available experimental data as far as the form of vortex shedding and the Strouhal number are concerned. The calculated normal-force coefficients are 20−25% yo larger than those measured by Fage & Johansen (1927).
Aliphatic Polyesters with Pendant Cyclopentene Groups:  Controlled Synthesis and Conversion to Polyester-<i>g</i><i>raft</i>-PEG Copolymers (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTAliphatic Polyesters with Pendant Cyclopentene Groups: Controlled Synthesis and Conversion to Polyester-graft-PEG CopolymersBryan Parrish and Todd EmrickView Author Information Polymer Science & Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Conte Center for Polymer Research, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Cite this: Macromolecules 2004, 37, 16, 5863–5865Publication Date (Web):July 10, 2004Publication History Received23 May 2004Revised21 June 2004Published online10 July 2004Published inissue 1 August 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma048981dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma048981drapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1796Altmetric-Citations72LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Copolymers,Degradation,Lactones,Organic polymers Get e-Alerts
PREFERENTIAL STAINING OF NUCLEIC ACID-CONTAINING STRUCTURES FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (1961)

Oriented fibres of extracted nucleohistone were employed as test material in a study of satisfactory fixation, embedding, and staining methods for structures containing a high proportion of nucleic acid. Fixation in buffered osmium tetroxide solution at pH 6, containing 10(-2)M Ca(++), and embedding in Araldite enabled sections of the fibres to be cut in which the orientation was well preserved. These could be strongly stained in 2 per cent aqueous uranyl acetate, and showed considerable fine structure. Certain regions in the nuclei of whole thymus tissue could also be strongly stained by the same procedure, and were identical with the regions stained by the Feulgen procedure in adjacent sections. Moreover, purified DNA was found to take up almost its own dry weight of uranyl acetate from 2 per cent aqueous solution. Strongest staining of whole tissue was obtained with very short fixation times-5 minutes or so at 0 degrees C. Particularly intense staining was obtained when such tissue stained in uranyl acetate was further stained with lead hydroxide. Although the patterns of staining by lead hydroxide alone and by uranyl acetate were similar in tissues fixed for longer times ((1/2) hour to 2 hours, at 0 degrees C or 20 degrees C), in briefly fixed material the DNA-containing regions appeared relatively unstained by lead hydroxide alone, whilst often there was appreciable staining of RNA-containing structures. Observations on the staining of some viruses by similar techniques are also described.
Costs and benefits of routine follow-up after curative treatment for endometrial cancer. (1997)

Intensive follow-up of women with endometrial cancer does not result in improved survival. A prospective randomized study is warranted to evaluate other potential benefits of follow-up, such as improved quality of life or decreased morbidity. There is no economic or clinical justification for the routine use of the Pap smear in the follow-up of patients with endometrial cancer. The potential benefits of routine follow-up in endometrial cancer and other types of cancer with favourable prognoses warrant critical evaluation.
Heat-Mirror Spectral Profile Optimization for TSC Hybrid Solar Conversion (1986)

The efficiencies for total solar cogeneration (TSC) can be optimized by tailoring the transparent heat-mirror (HM) beam splitter spectral profile shape. The entire output is cogenerated by photovoltaic/photothermal conversions into three energy forms: electricity (PV) 18V d.c./module, high-temperature heat (HT) 400°C, and low-temperature heat (LT) 70°C. The emphasis is to maximize the high-quality energy sum PV + HT, while maintaining PV at a high level. A generalized 5-parameter double Fermi model for the HM spectral profile is investigated allowing for a wide parametric range and profile asymmetry. The projected optimized TSC conversion efficiencies are: PV = 14.3%, HT = 43.5%, and LT = 42.2% with a high-quality energy sum of PV + HT = 57.8%. The approach to this optimum HM spectral profile by experimental HM films such as ITO are discussed.
Anion Sensor-Based Ratiometric Peptide Probe for Protein Kinase Activity (2009)

A new fluorescent sensor consisting of Cd(II)-cylcen appended aminocoumarin and a substrate peptide for protein kinase A (PKA) has been designed. Upon phosphorylation by PKA, the metal complex moiety binds to a phosphorylated residue, which in turn displaces the coumarin fluorophore, and this event results in ratiometric change of excitation spectrum in neutral aqueous solution.
A Combined STD-NMR/Molecular Modeling Protocol for Predicting the Binding Modes of the Glycosidase Inhibitors Kifunensine and Salacinol to Golgi α-Mannosidase II (2005)

A combined STD-NMR/molecular modeling protocol to probe the binding modes of the glycosidase inhibitors kifunensine and salacinol to Drosophila melanogaster Golgi alpha-mannosidase II (dGMII) was tested. Saturation-transfer difference (STD) NMR experiments were carried out for the complexes of dGMII with these two inhibitors. The program AutoDock 3.0 was then used to optimize the interactions of the inhibitors with the residues in the active site of dGMII. Theoretical STD effects of the ligand protons in the complexes were calculated for the different binding modes with the recently developed CORCEMA-ST protocol. Comparison of experimental and theoretical effects then permitted selection of the likely binding modes of the ligands. The more rigid kifunensine was used initially to test the protocol. Excellent correlation between experimental and theoretical data was obtained for one of the binding modes that also corresponded to that observed in the crystal structure of the complex. The protocol was then extended to the more flexible salacinol. For the selected binding mode, good correlation of experimental and theoretical data for the five-membered ring was obtained; however, poor correlation for protons on the acyclic chain was obtained, suggesting flexibility in this portion of the molecule. Comparison of the selected binding mode with that from a crystal structure of salacinol with dGMII showed excellent superimposition of the five-membered ring but another orientation of the acyclic chain. The results suggest that reliable structural binding modes of a ligand to protein in aqueous solution can be provided with the combined use of STD-NMR spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and CORCEMA-ST calculations, although highly flexible portions of the ligand may be poorly defined.
Nonlinear Fiber Optics and Supercontinuum Generation - New Fibers, New Opportunities (2007)

We present a tutorial review of selected recent advances in nonlinear fiber optics that have been enabled by the availability of new classes of fiber with enhanced nonlinearity and engineered dispersion. Nonlinear pulse propagation in the new generation of highly nonlinear and photonic crystal fibres has led to a number of exciting new opportunities in ultrafast optics. Perhaps the most spectacular nonlinear effect that has been observed is supercontinuum generation, where spectrally-continuous optical fields spanning from the visible to the infrared are generated using widely available ultrafast sources. Surprisingly, however, the underlying physics of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibre is still not widely understood, despite having been first presented in the case of standard fibre as early as 1985! The first objective of this talk will be to address this problem, and to review supercontinuum generation over the full range of experimentally-reported parameters from the nanosecond to the femtosecond regime. We will discuss the dominant frequency conversion mechanisms in each case, with the intention of providing a selfcontained overview suitable for the non-specialist. Stability properties and the application to optimizing supercontinuum sources tailored to particular application needs will also be considered. Following this discussion of supercontinuum generation, a survey of other recent applications of novel fibers will be presented, spanning applications in frequency conversion, optical regeneration and the study of novel selfsimilar propagation effects in optical amplifiers and dispersion-decreasing fibres.
IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF XENOGENEIC CORNEA GRAFTS IN MOUSE EYES (2000)

Background. Xenogeneic corneal fragments (guinea pig) are highly resistant to immune rejection in the anterior chamber of mouse eyes. Because guinea pigs and mice are discordant (i.e., mouse serum normally contains guinea pig reactive xenoantibodies), we wished to determine the extent to which xenogeneic corneal fragments placed intraocularly in normal and specifically sensitized mice activated xenoreactive T and B cells. Methods. Guinea pig corneas, deprived surgically of epithelium, were cut into fragments and inserted into the anterior chamber of eyes of BALB/c mice, adjacent to the central cornea of the recipient. Antibody (immunoglobulin [Ig]M, IgG) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) immune responses of recipient mice to guinea pig xenoantigens were assessed. The fate of xenogeneic cornea implants was assessed in mice immunized systemically to guinea pig antigens. Results. Guinea pig spleen cells and corneal fragments implanted s.c. induced within 2 weeks of immunization both DTH and IgG antibodies to guinea pig xenoantigens. By contrast, xenogeneic corneal fragments implanted in the anterior chamber of mouse eyes evoked no change in recipient humoral immune status and induced mild guinea pig-specific DTH only after 5 weeks. Presensitization of mice to guinea pig xenoantigens failed to increase the proportion of grafts that were regarded as rejected, but the onset of rejection in failed grafts occurred earlier than in unsensitized recipients. Active systemic immunization of mice bearing intracameral guinea pig corneal fragments failed to curtail the grafts’ survival. Guinea pig corneal fragments implanted in the anterior chamber of normal mice failed to induce anterior chamber-associated immune deviation. Conclusions. Xenogeneic corneal fragments implanted in the anterior chamber of eyes of normal mice display strikingly reduced immunogenicity, and an inability to induce anterior chamber-associated immune deviation. These properties are discussed in terms of the vulnerability of guinea pig corneal tissue to immune rejection within the eye.
Exploiting click-through data for entity retrieval (2010)

We present an approach for answering Entity Retrieval queries using click-through information in query log data from a commercial Web search engine. We compare results using click graphs and session graphs and present an evaluation test set making use of Wikipedia "List of" pages.
5D leakage: measuring what 5D interpolation misses (2012)

5D interpolation methods have proven to be capable of overcoming the constraints of actual data acquisition in a wide range of situations. However, in general the interpolation methods work by making some type of assumption about the simplicity or sparsity of the underlying model that describes the seismic data, so there is a legitimate concern about whether any information or resolution is being lost during the interpolation process. To address this concern, we present a simple, general method of measuring 5D leakage. 5D leakage is the noise, and possibly the signal, that 5D interpolation is not able to correctly interpolate due to the fact that the data do not completely conform to the simplicity constraints used by the interpolation algorithm. Using the MWNI algorithm, we show with real data examples that 5D leakage can contain complex (quickly varying) aspects of the data such as noise, diffraction patterns and acquisition footprint. In general, the slowly varying aspects of the signal (especially the reflections) are not part of the measured 5D leakage so most important aspects of the signal appear to be reliably interpolated.
Relationship between bile acid malabsorption and pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis. (1976)

Bile acid loss (mg/m2 24h) in the stools of 43 cystic fibrosis (CF) children with pancreatic insufficiency was 751-1 +/- 48-3, while that of six without clinical evidence of pancreatic disease (133-4 +/- 15-9) did not differ from values in 25 controls (109-8 +/- 9-8). There was a good correlation between the degree of bile acid (BA) and fat sequestration. Concomitant changes in bile acid and fat loss were observed in the one group of six patients studied on and off pancreatic enzymes as well as in a second group of seven children treated with pancreatic supplements and maintained on a normal diet followed by a low fat diet supplemented with medium chain triglycerides. Administration of NA bicarbonate led to a significant decrease in fat loss (15-8 +/- 2-7 leads to 10-3 +/- 1-9) without any simultaneous change in bile acid excretion (533-1 +/- 58-3 leads to 500-4 +/- 58-6). Qualitative bile acid patterns in controls, in infants after an ileal resection, and in patients with CF or with coeliac disease showed that the percentage of primary BA followed closely the total amount excreted except in situations where antibiotics were administered. The exact mechanism for the increased loss of BA in CF is unknown. It is found in all age groups and is related to the presence and degree of pancreatic insufficiency. The possibility that unhydrolysed triglycerides may interfere with the intestinal absorption of bile acid needs further confirmation.
Emerging Infectious Diseases in an Island Ecosystem: The New Zealand Perspective (2001)

Several unique features characterize infectious disease epidemiology in New Zealand. Historically, well-organized, government-run control programs have eliminated several zoonoses. More recently, however, communicable disease control has been mixed. Rates of rheumatic fever, tuberculosis, and enteric infectious are high, and rates of meningococcal disease are increasing. These diseases are over-represented in New Zealanders of Polynesian descent, who generally live in more deprived and overcrowded conditions than do those of European descent. Measles and pertussis epidemics are recurring because of inadequate vaccine coverage, despite a well-developed childhood immunization program. A progressive response to the HIV epidemic has resulted in relatively low rates of infection, particularly among injecting drug users; however, the response to other sexually transmitted infections has been poor. A key challenge for the future is to build on successful strategies and apply them to persisting and emerging infectious disease threats in a small, geographically isolated country with limited economic resources.
Evaluation of Accelerometer-Based Fall Detection Algorithms on Real-World Falls (2012)

Despite extensive preventive efforts, falls continue to be a major source of morbidity and mortality among elderly. Real-time detection of falls and their urgent communication to a telecare center may enable rapid medical assistance, thus increasing the sense of security of the elderly and reducing some of the negative consequences of falls. Many different approaches have been explored to automatically detect a fall using inertial sensors. Although previously published algorithms report high sensitivity (SE) and high specificity (SP), they have usually been tested on simulated falls performed by healthy volunteers. We recently collected acceleration data during a number of real-world falls among a patient population with a high-fall-risk as part of the SensAction-AAL European project. The aim of the present study is to benchmark the performance of thirteen published fall-detection algorithms when they are applied to the database of 29 real-world falls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic comparison of fall detection algorithms tested on real-world falls. We found that the SP average of the thirteen algorithms, was (mean ± std) 83.0% ± 30.3% (maximum value = 98%). The SE was considerably lower (SE = 57.0% ± 27.3%, maximum value = 82.8%), much lower than the values obtained on simulated falls. The number of false alarms generated by the algorithms during 1-day monitoring of three representative fallers ranged from 3 to 85. The factors that affect the performance of the published algorithms, when they are applied to the real-world falls, are also discussed. These findings indicate the importance of testing fall-detection algorithms in real-life conditions in order to produce more effective automated alarm systems with higher acceptance. Further, the present results support the idea that a large, shared real-world fall database could, potentially, provide an enhanced understanding of the fall process and the information needed to design and evaluate a high-performance fall detector.
γ‐Confidence tolerance regions (1980)

Abstract Tolerance regions are discussed that have the property of covering an event of interest with prescribed confidence γ. An exact expression is derived for the evaluation of confidence levels for tolerance regions associated with the multivariate regression model with normal error.
EyeDecrypt - Private Interactions in Plain Sight. (2013)

We introduce EyeDecrypt, a novel technology for privacy-preserving human-computer interaction. EyeDecrypt allows only authorized users to decipher data shown on a public display, such as an electronic screen or printed material; in the former case, the authorized user can then interact with the system (e.g., by pressing buttons), without revealing the details of the interaction to others who may be watching. The user views data on a closely-held personal device, such as a pair of smart glasses with a camera and heads-up display, or a smartphone. The decrypted data is displayed as an image overlay on the personal device—a form of augmented reality. The user’s inputs are protected through randomization. EyeDecrypt consists of three main components: a visualizable encryption scheme; a dataglyph-based visual encoding scheme for the ciphertexts generated by the encryption scheme; and a randomized input and augmented reality scheme that protects user inputs without harming usability. We describe all aspects of EyeDecrypt, from security definitions, constructions and formal analysis, to implementation details of a prototype developed on a smartphone. I.
Using Hashtags to Capture Fine Emotion Categories from Tweets (2014)

Detecting emotions in microblogs and social media posts has applications for industry, health, and security. Statistical, supervised automatic methods for emotion detection rely on text that is labeled for emotions, but such data are rare and available for only a handful of basic emotions. In this article, we show that emotion‐word hashtags are good manual labels of emotions in tweets. We also propose a method to generate a large lexicon of word–emotion associations from this emotion‐labeled tweet corpus. This is the first lexicon with real‐valued word–emotion association scores. We begin with experiments for six basic emotions and show that the hashtag annotations are consistent and match with the annotations of trained judges. We also show how the extracted tweet corpus and word–emotion associations can be used to improve emotion classification accuracy in a different nontweet domain. Eminent psychologist Robert Plutchik had proposed that emotions have a relationship with personality traits. However, empirical experiments to establish this relationship have been stymied by the lack of comprehensive emotion resources. Because personality may be associated with any of the hundreds of emotions and because our hashtag approach scales easily to a large number of emotions, we extend our corpus by collecting tweets with hashtags pertaining to 585 fine emotions. Then, for the first time, we present experiments to show that fine emotion categories such as those of excitement, guilt, yearning, and admiration are useful in automatically detecting personality from text. Stream‐of‐consciousness essays and collections of Facebook posts marked with personality traits of the author are used as test sets.