gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of Amorphous Alloy Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries (2004)

To make quantum improvements in the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, we are faced with learning to make electrodes from materials that undergo volume changes as large as 250% during charge-discharge cycling or settling for small incremental improvements. It is our opinion that electrodes of amorphous alloy particles that expand and contract by up to 250% can probably be successfully designed, provided sufficient attention is paid to the importance of the binder system that holds the electrode particles to each other and to the current collector. Using a combinatorial study of amorphous electrodes in an elastomeric binder, we illustrate the magnitude of the problem. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BILATERAL PARALYSIS OF THE ABDUCTOR MUSCLES (1941)

It is the purpose of this paper not to discuss at length the symptoms, diagnosis and causes of bilateral paralysis of the abductor muscles of the larynx but to cover in a general way the surgical treatment and the results obtained by the various operations. In other words, it is an attempt to answer the question—"What can I do to relieve the patient suffering with bilateral paralysis of the abductor muscles, and what results can I expect ?" In October 1939, in one of the public hospitals in New York, I was confronted with a patient who was suffering from this condition after several operations on her thyroid gland. She wanted something done to relieve her of the tracheotomy tube, and she wanted it done quickly, because of the distressing annoyance caused by this plumbing in her trachea. I assured her that something would be done at the first opportunity.
The Data Sharing Economy: On the Emergence of New Intermediaries (2018)

Data-driven markets depend on access to data as a resource for products and services. Since the quality of information that can be drawn from data increases with the available amount and quality of the data, businesses involved in the data economy have a great interest in accessing data from other market players. However, companies still appear to be reluctant to share their data. Therefore, the key question is how data sharing can be incentivized. This article focuses on data sharing platforms, which are emerging as new intermediaries and can play a vital role in the data economy, as they may increase willingness to share data. By comparing data sharing to the exchange of patents based on the FRAND principles, this article suggests a possible way for self-regulation to provide more transparency and fairness in the growing markets for data sharing.
Severin is a gelsolin prototype (1990)

A number of Ca2(+)-activated actin filament severing proteins have been identified in eukaryotic cells of diverse lineages. Gelsolin and villin, with molecular mass of about 80-90 kDa, and severin and fragmin, with molecular mass of about 40 kDa, have been isolated from vertebrates and invertebrates, respectively. We report here a direct comparison of the functional properties of gelsolin and severin, and the finding that the actin filament severing activity of severin, like that of gelsolin, is inhibited by polyphosphoinositides. However, severin does not nucleate actin filament assembly as well as gelsolin. These characteristics are very similar to those ascribed to the NH2-terminal half of gelsolin, supporting the idea that they are evolutionarily related. Regulation of severin by polyphospholipids raises the possibility that it may participate in agonist-stimulated regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in Dictyostelium discoideum.
Relaxin‐like bioactivity of ovine Insulin 3 (INSL3) analogues (2002)

Relaxin is an insulin-like peptide consisting of two separate chains (A and B) joined by two inter- and one intrachain disulfide bonds. Binding to its receptor requires an Arg-X-X-X-Arg-X-X-Ile motif in the B-chain. A related member of the insulin superfamily, INSL3, has a tertiary structure that is predicted to be similar to relaxin. It also possesses an Arg-X-X-X-Arg motif within its B-chain, although this is displaced by four amino acids towards the C-terminus from the corresponding position within relaxin. We have previously shown that synthetic INSL3 itself does not display relaxin-like activity although analogue (Analogue A) with an introduced arginine residue in the B-chain giving it an Arg cassette in the exact relaxin position does possess weak activity. In order to identify further the structural features that impart relaxin function, solid phase peptide synthesis was used to prepare three additional analogues for bioassay. Each of these contained point substitutions within the arginine cassette. Analogue D contained the full human relaxin binding cassette, Analogue G consisted of the native INSL3 sequence containing an Arg to Ala substitution, and Analogue E was a further modification of Analogue A, with the same substitution. Each analogue was fully chemically characterized by a number of criteria. Detailed circular dichroism spectroscopy analyses showed that the changes caused little alteration of secondary structure and, hence, overall conformation. However, each analogue displayed only weak relaxin-like activity. These results indicate that while the arginine cassette is vital for relaxin-like activity, there are additional, as yet unidentified structural requirements for relaxin binding.
Effect of non-ionic polymers on the formation of immuno-precipitates in single radial immunodiffusion techniques. (1972)

The effect of some non-ionic polymers on immunoprecipitin ring formation (in the assay of IgE in serum by simple radial immunodiffusion (SRD)) was investigated. Polymers were either added to the antigen well after the antigen and/or they were included together with the antibodies in the gel. A considerable enhancement of ring width was found when the low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, Carbowax 200, was added to the antigen well following antigen addition. On the other hand, incorporation of Carbowax 200 or other non-ionic polymers into the gel before antigen delivery caused a decrease in precipitin ring width. The presence of Carbowax 6000 in the gel improved the visualization of the precipitate although its presence slightly diminished the ring width of the precipitate.
[Natriuretic peptide precursor C coding gene contributes to zebrafish angiogenesis]. (2017)

This study aimed to investigate the expression of the natriuretic peptide precursor C coding gene nppc and its role in angiogenesis during embryonic period of the zebrafish. Whole mount in situ hybridization was performed to detect the expression pattern of nppc. nppc specific morpholino and nppc mRNA were injected respectively into the one-cell stage embryo to specifically knock-down and rescue the expression of nppc in Tg (flk1:GFP) and Tg (fli1a:nGFP) transgenic lines. The morphology and endothelial cell number of intersegmental vessel (ISV) were analyzed after imaging using the laser scanning confocal microscope. The results revealed that nppc was expressed in the brain, heart and vasculature of zebrafish larvae at 24 and 48 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Knock-down of nppc affected the development of ISV. Endothelial cell number was reduced after the knock-down of nppc. These results suggest that nppc controls zebrafish angiogenesis by affecting the endothelial cell proliferation and migration.
Potentiometric determination of boron as tetrafluoroborate (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotentiometric determination of boron as tetrafluoroborateR. M. Carlson and J. L. PaulCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 8, 1292–1295Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60264a019RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (454 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cascaded Direct-Coupled Tube Systems Operated from Alternating Current (1930)

An outline is given of the characteristics which are desirable in an audio amplifier or detector-amplifier. A description is given of some direct-coupled cascaded tube systems operating from a-c supply. Among the features which are discussed are: the reduction of current drain on the filter, the elimination of "motor-boating", stabilizing against drift of plate current, the elimination of hum and the provision of automatic change of grid bias with change of carrier input. The paper gives circuit constants and amplification-frequency characteristics for certain circuit arrangements.
Irradiation performance of U-Pu-Zr metal fuels for liquid-metal-cooled reactors (1994)

This report discusses a fuel system utilizing metallic U-Pu-Zr alloys which has been developed for advanced liquid metal-cooled reactors (LMRs). Result`s from extensive irradiation testing conducted in EBR-II show a design having the following key features can achieve both high reliability and high burnup capability: a cast nominally U-20wt %Pu-10wt %Zr slug with the diameter sized to yield a fuel smear density of {approx}75% theoretical density, low-swelling tempered martensitic stainless steel cladding, sodium bond filling the initial fuel/cladding gap, and an as-built plenum/fuel volume ratio of {approx}1.5. The robust performance capability of this design stems primarily from the negligible loading on the cladding from either fuel/cladding mechanical interaction or fission-gas pressure during the irradiation. The effects of these individual design parameters, e.g., fuel smear density, zirconium content in fuel, plenum volume, and cladding types, on fuel element performance were investigated in a systematic irradiation experiment in EBR-II. The results show that, at the discharge burnup of {approx}11 at. %, variations on zirconium content or plenum volume in the ranges tested have no substantial effects on performance. Fuel smear density, on the other hand, has pronounced but countervailing effects: increased density results in greater cladding strain, but lesser cladding wastage from fuel/cladding chemical interaction.
A 124-plex Microhaplotype Panel Based on Next-generation Sequencing Developed for Forensic Applications (2020)

Microhaplotypes are an emerging type of forensic genetic marker that are expected to support multiple forensic applications. Here, we developed a 124-plex panel for microhaplotype genotyping based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). The panel yielded intralocus and interlocus balanced sequencing data with a high percentage of effective reads. A full genotype was determined with as little as 0.1 ng of input DNA. Parallel mixture experiments and in-depth comparative analyses were performed with capillary-electrophoresis-based short tandem repeat (STR) and NGS-based microhaplotype genotyping, and demonstrated that microhaplotypes are far superior to STRs for mixture deconvolution. DNA from Han Chinese individuals (n = 256) was sequenced with the 124-plex panel. In total, 514 alleles were observed, and the forensic genetic parameters were calculated. A comparison of the forensic parameters for the 20 microhaplotypes with the top A<sub>e</sub> values in the 124-plex panel and 20 commonly used forensic STRs showed that these microhaplotypes were as effective as STRs in identifying individuals. A linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that 106 of the 124 microhaplotypes were independently hereditary, and the combined match probability for these 106 microhaplotypes was 5.23 × 10<sup>-66</sup>. We conclude that this 124-plex microhaplotype panel is a powerful tool for forensic applications.
On the Zwislocki Acoustic Bridge (1967)

The problems involved in treating data obtained with the Zwislocki acoustic bridge are discussed. The practice of reporting data in arbitrary units is discouraged since these units are not comparable from bridge to bridge. Also, more study of the distribution of responses of nonpathologic ears is urged.
Immune activation in HIV infection (2016)

Understanding the underlying mechanisms of preservation of Th17 and of the low contribution of stem-cell memory, central memory and follicular helper T cells to viral reservoirs could benefit the search for preventive and curative approaches of HIV. Altogether, the complementarity of the model helps to identify strategies aiming at restoring full capacity of the immune system and decreasing the size of the viral reservoirs.
PRL-Releasing Peptide Reduces Food Intake and May Mediate Satiety Signaling (2002)

PRL-releasing peptide (PrRP) administered centrally inhibits food intake and body weight gain. To elucidate the role of PrRP, its actions were compared with those of a homeostatic regulator of food intake, the satiety factor, cholecystokinin (CCK), and a nonhomeostatic regulator, lithium chloride (LiCl), which reduces food intake due to visceral illness. Immunohistochemical analysis of the protein product of the c-fos gene, showed that central administration of PrRP activated some areas of the brain in common with both CCK and LiCl administered peripherally. However, PrRP was more similar to CCK than to LiCl in its behavioral effects. PrRP did not cause conditioned taste aversion, but instead enhanced the normal behavioral satiety sequence. Furthermore, brainstem PrRP neurons were strongly activated by CCK, but not by LiCl. These data provide evidence that pathways from the gut to the brain that are involved in signaling satiety and visceral illness may have some independent components and suggest that PrRP may mediate some of the central satiating actions of CCK.
Kinetic role of the alkaloid ligands in asymmetric catalytic dihydroxylation (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic role of the alkaloid ligands in asymmetric catalytic dihydroxylationEric N. Jacobsen, Istvan Marko, Marcia B. France, John S. Svendsen, and K. Barry SharplessCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 2, 737–739Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00184a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00184a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views968Altmetric-Citations91LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Vessel trajectory partitioning based on hierarchical fusion of position data (2015)

Maritime situational awareness now greatly benefits from AIS (Automatic Identification System). The most fundamental function a maritime situational awareness system should provide is vessel trajectory analysis. Previous work has shown the necessity of vessel trajectory partitioning before further analysis, but limited work existed for this problem. With billions of AIS messages received every month, computational complexity should be concerned as well as preciseness, and there is room for both of them to improve. This paper proposes a vessel trajectory partitioning method based on hierarchical fusion of position data reported by AIS, aiming at improving preciseness and speed. Our method consists of two levels: position fusion and sub-trajectory fusion. Experimental results based on real data demonstrate that our method splits routes and identifies stops precisely with the computational complexity of O(n).
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function Studied with Synthetic (+)-Anatoxin-a and Derivatives (1990)

(+)-Anatoxin-a is the most potent and most stereospecific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist thus far identified. It is also highly selective for nicotinic receptors over muscarinic receptors. The molecular parameters which influence the binding affinity, channel activation, channel blockade, and receptor desensitization are being studied. Modifications of the carbonyl and amine moieties can reduce or nearly eliminate the receptor agonist potency of the compounds and also determine the channel blocking characteristics.
Solution- and Solid-Phase Approaches in Asymmetric Phase-Transfer Catalysis by Cinchona Alkaloid Derivatives (2001)

The catalytic asymmetric alkylation under phase-transfer conditions of various substrates (enones, α-fluoro ketones, glycine-imines) promoted by chiral quaternary ammonium salts derived from cinchona alkaloids is described. A solvent-free phase-transfer catalysis is presented as well as a new type of polymer-supported phase-transfer catalyst derived from cinchona alkaloids.
CTP:Phosphocholine Cytidylyltransferase α Is a Cytosolic Protein in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells and Tissues (2001)

CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) is a rate-determining enzyme in de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC). The lung requires a steady synthesis of PC for lung surfactant of which disaturated PC is the essential active agent. Surfactant synthesis occurs in alveolar type II cells. Studies with non-pulmonary cells have suggested that CCT is both a nuclear and cytoplasmic protein. The unusual requirements of the lung for PC synthesis and, therefore, CCT activity suggest a unique mechanism of regulation and possibly localization of CCT. The localization of CCT alpha in lung epithelial cells and, of greater consequence, lung tissues are yet unknown. Three isoforms of CCT have been identified. Herein we investigated the localization of the ubiquitously expressed CCT alpha isoform. To ascertain CCT alpha localization in lungs and lung-related epithelial cells, we employed a number of localization methods. Immunogold electron microscopy using polyclonal antibodies raised to either the carboxyl terminus, catalytic domain, or amino terminus of CCT alpha localized CCT alpha mostly to the exterior plasma membrane or regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in both A549 and MLE-15 epithelial lung cell lines and primary cultures of fetal rat lung epithelial cells. In contrast to other studies, little or no nuclear labeling was observed. Indirect immunofluorescence of these cells with anti-CCT alpha antibodies resulted in a similar distribution. Indirect visualization of both hemagglutinin- and FLAG-tagged CCT alpha as well as direct visualization of enhanced green fluorescence protein-CCT alpha fusion protein corroborated a cytoplasmic localization of CCT alpha in pulmonary cells. Moreover, analysis of lung tissue from fetal and adult mouse by either immunogold electron microscopy or indirect immunofluorescence yielded a strong cytoplasmic CCT alpha signal with virtually no nuclear localization in epithelial cells lining the airways. The cytoplasmic localization of CCT alpha in type II cells was further substantiated with transgenic mice overexpressing FLAG-tagged CCT alpha using the lung-specific human surfactant protein C (SP-C) promoter. We conclude that CCT alpha does not localize to the nucleus in pulmonary tissues, and, therefore, nuclear localization of CCT alpha is not a universal event.
Laryngeal muscle responses to mechanical displacement of the thyroid cartilage in humans (2005)

Speakers may use laryngeal sensory feedback to adjust vocal fold tension and length before initiating voice. The mechanism for accurately initiating voice at an intended pitch is unknown, given the absence of laryngeal muscle spindles in animals and conflicting findings regarding their existence in humans. Previous reports of rapid changes in voice fundamental frequency following thyroid cartilage displacement suggest that changes in vocal fold length modulate laryngeal muscle contraction in humans. We tested the hypothesis that voice changes resulting from mechanical perturbation are due to rapid responses in the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Hooked wire electrodes were used to record from the thyroarytenoid, cricothyroid, and sternothyroid muscles along with surface electrodes on the skin overlying the thyroid cartilage in 10 normal adults. Servomotor displacements produced consistent changes in the subjects' vocal fundamental frequency at 70-80 ms, demonstrating changes in vocal fold length and tension. No simultaneous electromyographic responses occurred in the thyroarytenoid or cricothyroid muscles in any subjects. Instead, short-latency responses at 25-40 ms following stimulus onset occurred in the sternothyroid muscles, simultaneous with responses in the surface recordings. The sternothyroid responses may modulate long-latency changes in voice fundamental frequency (approximately 150 ms). The absence of intrinsic laryngeal muscle responses is consistent with a lack of spindles in these muscles. Our results suggest that other sensory receptors, such as mucosal mechanoreceptors, provide feedback for voice control.
Spectinomycin modification. IV. 7-Deoxy-4(R)-dihydrospectinomycin. (1978)

7-Deoxy-4(R)-dihydrospectinomycin (7) has been prepared and its structure firmly established by proton magnetic resonance and high resolution mass spectrometry. This spectinomycin analog is devoid of antibiotic activity.
Automatic Face Annotation in Personal Photo Collections Using Context-Based Unsupervised Clustering and Face Information Fusion (2010)

In this paper, a novel face annotation framework is proposed that systematically leverages context information such as situation awareness information with current face recognition (FR) solutions. In particular, unsupervised situation and subject clustering techniques have been developed that are aided by context information. Situation clustering groups together photos that are similar in terms of capture time and visual content, allowing for the reliable use of visual context information during subject clustering. The aim of subject clustering is to merge multiple face images that belong to the same individual. To take advantage of the availability of multiple face images for a particular individual, we propose effective FR methods that are based on face information fusion strategies. The performance of the proposed annotation method has been evaluated using a variety of photo sets. The photo sets were constructed using 1385 photos from the MPEG-7 Visual Core Experiment 3 (VCE-3) data set and approximately 20000 photos collected from well-known photo-sharing websites. The reported experimental results show that the proposed face annotation method significantly outperforms traditional face annotation solutions at no additional computational cost, with accuracy gains of up to 25% for particular cases.