gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 15.2-enob continuous-time ΔΣ adc for a 7.3 µW 200mv<sub>pp</sub>-linear-input-range neural recording front-end (2018)

Closed-loop neuromodulation with simultaneous stimulation and sensing is desired to advance deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapies. However, stimulation generates large artifacts (~100mV) at the recording sites that saturate traditional front-ends. We present a 15.2b-ENOB CT ΔΣM with 187dB FOM, which along with an 8x-gain capacitively coupled chopper instrumentation amplifier (CCIA), realizes a front-end that can digitize neural signals (<;2mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> ) from 1Hz to 5kHz in the presence of 200mV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> artifacts. Neural recording front-ends need to function within a power budget of 10μW/ch, input-referred noise of 4-8μV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> in 1Hz-5kHz,DC input impedance Z <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">in, DC</sub> >1GΩ and high-pass (HP) cutoff <;1Hz[1]. Prior work has addressed power and noise [1]-[2], but has limited dynamic-range and bandwidth (BW), making them incapable of performing true closed-loop operation.
Sterilization Using 365 nm UV-LED (2007)

There are several methods used for sterilization. In those methods chlorine, heat and UV rays are traditionally used. In recent years, the UV sterilization is taken notice as a sterilization method that the sterilized object does not change in quality and is environment-friendly. In this paper, an UV-LED is focused because it does not contain harmful substance and has longer operating life. The results have showed that complete germicidal effects for E. coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus by UV-LED exposure of 30 minutes and 10 minutes, respectively. These results suggest that the UV-LED has sterilization effects. Therefore, UV-LED can be used as a sterilization device.
Indigenously produced polyhydroxyalkanoate based co‐polymer as cellular supportive biomaterial (2013)

The focus of this study was to evaluate the growth of the cells on a scaffold based on novel polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) (Polyhydroxy propionate copoly hydroxy ocatadecanoate copolymer), derived from a mutant strain of Pseudomonas sp. Naive PHA was also blended with several biodegradable polymeric materials (PEG, PLA, and MMT) to improve the scaffold properties. Protein adsorption study was done to evaluate the capability of scaffolds for cellular interaction. PHA:PEG blended scaffold showed better adsorption than others. 3T3 fibroblast cultures on various polymers were equally viable when compared with control culture except for the blend PHA:MMT by CCK 8 kit. MTT assay, performed with the continuous cultures HeLa, HEp-2, Vero, and McCoy on the polymer blends, supported the above finding. Among the blends PHA:PEG showed increased viability and was selected for further studies. Cell proliferation assay with colorimetric BrdU ELISA kit showed increase in cell proliferation over the matrix PHA:PEG than that of control. There were no observable morphological changes of continuous cells grown over matrix PHA:PEG when observed by phase contrast microscopy. HEp-2 cells were enclosed within the matrix when analyzed by SEM. The current study states that the scaffold prepared by using the indigenous PHA in combination with PEG supports cell growth better than the conventional plastic surface. PHA:PEG would be a promising material for tissue engineering.
Rapid Joint Detection and Classification with Wavelet Bases via Bayes Theorem (2000)

The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is currently being used for seismic-event detection and classification in the New England region. The DWT forms a new basis set for picking out, from a data stream, important features of a seismic event: time, energy, and predominant period of the first, peak, and last waveforms. Classification of these events from their features into one of the following classes, teleseisms, regional earthquakes, near earthquakes, quarry blasts, and false triggers, is accomplished with conditional class densities derived from training data. This algorithm is tested for detection and classification performance on the New England Seismic Network (NESN) of Weston Observatory of Boston College. This detection algorithm exhibits a likelihood of detection two times greater than STA/LTA under typical wideband network constraints in arbitrary conditions at NESN stations. Classification of seismic events via this method achieves an approximately 70% correct identification rate relative to a human viewer over a broad range of data test sets.
Short Note: Equivalence of source-receiver migration and shot-profile migration (2003)

Abstract At first glance, shot-profile migration (Jacobs, 1982) and source-receiver (survey-sinking) migration (Claerbout, 1985) seem to be substantially different algorithms. The basic principles used by the two schemes are different. Shot-profile migration is performed by independently propagating the source wavefield and the receiver wavefield. The image is obtained by crosscorrelating the two wavefields (possibly normalized by the amplitude of the source wavefield). Source-receiver migration is based on the concept of survey sinking, by which we recursively synthesize equivalent data sets at increasing depth. At each depth step, imaging is performed by extracting the wavefield at zero time. Recently, the issue of the relation between shot-profile migration and source-receiver migration has become more relevant because of two important developments: (1) the increase in the practical applications of 3D prestack migration by wavefield continuation for imaging complex structures, and (2) the introduction of methods for computing angle-domain common-image gathers (ADCIG), both for velocity estimation (Biondi and Sava, 1999; Prucha et al., 1999; Clapp and Biondi, 2000) and for amplitude variation with angle (AVA) analysis (de Bruin et al., 1990; Wapenaar et al., 1999; Sava et al., 2001).
Field Case Studies: Damage Preventions Through Leakoff Control of Fracturing Fluids in Marginal/Low-Pressure Gas Reservoirs (2007)

Summary The primary purpose of surfactants used in stimulating sandstone reservoirs is to reduce surface tension and contact angle and provide leakoff control. However, many of these chemicals adsorb rapidly within the first few inches of the sandstone formations, reducing their effectiveness in deeper penetration. This phenomenon causes surfactants to adsorb or plate-out, reducing their effectiveness in post-fracturing fluid recovery. This study describes experimental and field-case studies of various surfactants used in the oilfield. Several different surfactants, including a nonionic ethoxylated linear alcohol, a nonyl phenol ethoxylate, an amphoteric, a cationic, and a microemulsion system were investigated to determine their adsorption properties when injected into a laboratory sandpacked column. A laboratory-simulated comparison study of commonly used surfactants and microemulsion was used to identify their leakoff and waterrecovery properties from gas wells. Field data collected from Bradford, Balltown, and Speechley sandstone formations confirmed experimental sandpacked column and core-flow investigations. Reservoirs treated with microemulsion fluids demonstrate exceptional water recoveries when compared with conventional surfactant treatments. Wellhead pressures, flowing pressures, and production data were collected and evaluated using a production simulator to show effective fracture lengths, damage surrounding the fractures, and drainage areas with various fluid systems. These investigations and presented case studies can be used to minimize formation damage.
Na,K-ATPase (1997)

Na,K-ATPase is the driving force for renal Na+ reabsorption and is thus critically implicated in the control of extracellular volume and blood pressure. This review focuses on most recent advances in the elucidation of intrinsic structural features that are important for Na,K-ATPase function and in the identification of regulatory mechanisms that are implicated in the modulation of Na,K-ATPase activity in the kidney under physiological or pathophysiological conditions.
Wasserstein GAN With Quadratic Transport Cost (2019)

Wasserstein GANs are increasingly used in Computer Vision applications as they are easier to train. Previous WGAN variants mainly use the lι transport cost to compute the Wasserstein distance between the real and synthetic data distributions. The lι transport cost restricts the discriminator to be 1-Lipschitz. However, WGANs with lι transport cost were recently shown to not always converge. In this paper, we propose WGAN-QC, a WGAN with quadratic transport cost. Based on the quadratic transport cost, we propose an Optimal Transport Regularizer (OTR) to stabilize the training process of WGAN-QC. We prove that the objective of the discriminator during each generator update computes the exact quadratic Wasserstein distance between real and synthetic data distributions. We also prove that WGAN-QC converges to a local equilibrium point with finite discriminator updates per generator update. We show experimentally on a Dirac distribution that WGAN-QC converges, when many of the lι cost WGANs fail to [22]. Qualitative and quantitative results on the CelebA, CelebA-HQ, LSUN and the ImageNet dog datasets show that WGAN-QC is better than state-of-art GAN methods. WGAN-QC has much faster runtime than other WGAN variants.
Inorganic Nanotubes as Nanoreactors: The First MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanopods (2007)

MoS2 nanopods, spherical MoS2 nanoparticles grow in a confined geometry of MoS2 nanotube reactors, which subsequently serve as nanocontainers and enable safe handling and simple release of the particles on stimulation.
La exención de depósitos y cauciones: reclamación administrativa previa al ejercicio de acciones ante las jurisdicciones civil y social (2009)

La exencion de determinadas Administraciones Publicas de constituir garantias es una especialidad procesal que requiere prevision legal expresa, y que se fundamenta, principalmente, en la solvencia garantizada de tales entidades. Por su parte, la necesidad de formular una reclamacion previa al ejercicio de acciones civiles y laborales contra las Administraciones Publicas constituye una especialidad procesal dirigida a evitar el pleito y dar ocasion a su preparacion, si bien su exigencia se encuentra flexibilizada por la jurisprudencia.
A First Order Solution for the Stress Concentration Present at the End of Roller Contact (1963)

An approximate solution of the “critical” maximum compressive stress present in rolling contact fatigue is given. Geometries normally used in rolling contact rig tests having contact areas varying from rectangular to full elliptical contact are considered. For cylinders in contact it is shown that the first order solution for end of contact stress is considerably above the nominal line contact Hertz stress usually calculated. Confirmation of the approximate stresses calculated is provided by deformation studies just into the plastic regime, and rolling contact fatigue tests on both cylindrical and 100-inch radius toroidal specimen rollers.
Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in aversive learning and memory (2017)

Surviving threats in the environment requires brain circuits for detecting (or anticipating) danger and for coordinating appropriate defensive responses (e.g., increased cardiac output, stress hormone release, and freezing behavior). The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical interface between the "affective forebrain"-including the amygdala, ventral hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex-and the hypothalamic and brainstem areas that have been implicated in neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral responses to actual or anticipated threats. However, the precise contribution of the BNST to defensive behavior is unclear, both in terms of the antecedent stimuli that mobilize BNST activity and the consequent defensive reactions. For example, it is well known that the BNST is essential for contextual fear conditioning, but dispensable for fear conditioning to discrete conditioned stimuli (CSs), at least as indexed by freezing behavior. However, recent evidence suggests that there are circumstances in which contextual freezing may persist independent of the BNST. Furthermore, the BNST is involved in the reinstatement (or relapse) of conditioned freezing to extinguished discrete CSs. As such, there are critical gaps in understanding how the BNST contributes to fundamental processes involved in Pavlovian fear conditioning. Here, we attempt to provide an integrative account of BNST function in fear conditioning. We discuss distinctions between unconditioned stress and conditioned fear and the role of BNST circuits in organizing behaviors associated with these states. We propose that the BNST mediates conditioned defensive responses-not based on the modality or duration of the antecedent threat or the duration of the behavioral response to the threat-but rather as consequence the ability of an antecedent stimulus to predict when an aversive outcome will occur (i.e., its temporal predictability). We argue that the BNST is not uniquely mobilized by sustained threats or uniquely involved in organizing sustained fear responses. In contrast, we argue that the BNST is involved in organizing fear responses to stimuli that poorly predict <i>when</i> danger will occur, no matter the duration, modality, or complexity of those stimuli. The concepts discussed in this review are critical to understanding the contribution of the human BNST to fear and anxiety disorders.
Human respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein is an RNA-binding protein: binding properties, location and identity of the RNA contact residues (2004)

The human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) matrix (M) protein is a structural internal membrane protein. Here we have shown that, like its orthomyxovirus and rhabdovirus counterparts, it has RNA-binding capacity, as determined by retardation of (32)P-labelled riboprobes in gel electrophoresis, cross-linking with UV light and Northern-Western assays. Its binding to RNA was neither sequence-specific nor showed a length requirement, although it had cooperative kinetics with a K(d) of 25 nM and probably two different types of RNA-binding sites. After preparative cross-linking of (32)P-labelled riboprobes with purified, renatured HRSV Long strain M protein (256 residues), the residues in contact with RNA were located between amino acids 120 and 170, in the central part of the molecule. Lysine (positions 121, 130, 156 and 157) and arginine (position 170) residues located within this region and conserved among pneumovirus M proteins of different origins were found to be essential for RNA contact. M protein expression did not affect the replication and transcription of HRSV RNA analogues in vivo (except when expressed in large amounts), in contrast to the in vitro transcription inhibition described previously. In addition, M protein was found to aggregate into high-molecular-mass oligomers, both in the presence and absence of its RNA-binding activity. The formation of these structures has been related in other viruses to either viral or host-cell RNA metabolism.
Semiquinones, the Intermediate Steps of Reversible Organic Oxidation-Reduction. (1935)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSemiquinones, the Intermediate Steps of Reversible Organic Oxidation-Reduction.Leonor. MichaelisCite this: Chem. Rev. 1935, 16, 2, 243–286Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1935Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1935https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60054a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60054a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views844Altmetric-Citations247LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Induction of ERK-kinase signalling triggers morphotype-specific killing of Candida albicans filaments by human neutrophils (2007)

Candida albicans is among the most important fungal pathogens in humans. Morphological plasticity has been linked to its pathogenic potential as filamentous forms are associated with tissue invasion and infection. Here we show that human neutrophils discriminate between yeasts and filaments of C. albicans. Whereas filaments induced targeted motility, resulting in the establishment of close contact between neutrophils and fungal cells, yeast forms were largely ignored during coincubation. In transwell assays, C. albicans filaments induced significantly higher migratory activity in neutrophils than yeasts. Neutrophil motility based on actin rearrangement was essential for killing of C. albicans filaments but not involved in killing of yeast forms. Using inhibitors for MAP-kinase cascades, it was shown that recognition of C. albicans filaments by neutrophils is mediated via the MEK/ERK cascade and independent of JNK or p38 activation. Inhibition of the ERK signalling pathway abolished neutrophil migration induced by C. albicans filaments and selectively impaired the ability to kill this morphotype. These data show that invasive filamentous forms of C. albicans trigger a morphotype-specific activation of neutrophils, which is strongly dependent on neutrophil motility. Therefore, human neutrophils are capable of sensing C. albicans invasion and initiating an appropriate early immune response.
Real-Time Plasma Process Condition Sensing and Abnormal Process Detection (2010)

The plasma process is often used in the fabrication of semiconductor wafers. However, due to the lack of real-time etching control, this may result in some unacceptable process performances and thus leads to significant waste and lower wafer yield. In order to maximize the product wafer yield, a timely and accurately process fault or abnormal detection in a plasma reactor is needed. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) is one of the most frequently used metrologies in in-situ process monitoring. Even though OES has the advantage of non-invasiveness, it is required to provide a huge amount of information. As a result, the data analysis of OES becomes a big challenge. To accomplish real-time detection, this work employed the sigma matching method technique, which is the time series of OES full spectrum intensity. First, the response model of a healthy plasma spectrum was developed. Then, we defined a matching rate as an indictor for comparing the difference between the tested wafers response and the health sigma model. The experimental results showed that this proposal method can detect process faults in real-time, even in plasma etching tools.
Lysophosphatidylcholine Metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2007)

We recently described a new route for the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) from exogenous lyso-PtdEtn, which we have termed the exogenous lysolipid metabolism (ELM) pathway. The ELM pathway for lyso-PtdEtn requires the action of plasma membrane P-type ATPases Dnf1p and Dnf2p and their requisite beta-subunit, Lem3p, for the active uptake of lyso-PtdEtn. In addition, the acyl-CoA-dependent acyltransferase, Ale1p, mediates the acylation of the imported lysolipid to form PtdEtn. We now report that these components of the lyso-PtdEtn ELM pathway are also active with lyso-1-acyl-2-hydroxyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PtdCho) as a substrate. Lyso-PtdCho supports the growth of a choline auxotrophic pem1Delta pem2Delta strain. Uptake of radiolabeled lyso-PtdCho was impaired by the dnf2Delta and lem3Delta mutations. Introduction of a lem3Delta mutation into a pem1Delta pem2Delta background impaired the ability of the resulting strain to grow with lyso-PtdCho as the sole precursor of PtdCho. After import of lyso-PtdCho, the recently characterized lyso-PtdEtn acyltransferase, Ale1p, functioned as the sole lyso-PtdCho acyltransferase in yeast. A pem1Delta pem2Delta ale1Delta strain grew with lyso-PtdCho as a substrate but showed a profound reduction in PtdCho content when lyso-PtdCho was the only precursor of PtdCho. Ale1p acylates lyso-PtdCho with a preference for monounsaturated acyl-CoA species, and the specific LPCAT activity of Ale1p in yeast membranes is >50-fold higher than the basal rate of de novo aminoglycerophospholipid biosynthesis from phosphatidylserine synthase activity. In addition to lyso-PtdCho, lyso-PtdEtn, and lyso-phosphatidic acid, Ale1p was also active with lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylinositol as substrates. These results establish a new pathway for the net synthesis of PtdCho in yeast and provide new tools for the study of PtdCho synthesis, transport, and remodeling.
Multiagent Coordination for Energy Consumption Scheduling in Consumer Cooperatives (2013)

A key challenge to create a sustainable and energy-efficient society is in making consumer demand adaptive to energy supply, especially renewable supply. In this paper, we propose a partially-centralized organization of consumers, namely, a consumer cooperative for purchasing electricity from the market. We propose a novel multiagent coordination algorithm to shape the energy consumption of the cooperative. In the cooperative, a central coordinator buys the electricity for the whole group and consumers make their own consumption decisions based on their private consumption constraints and preferences. To coordinate individual consumers under incomplete information, we propose an iterative algorithm in which a virtual price signal is sent by the coordinator to induce consumers to shift demand. We prove that our algorithm converges to the central optimal solution. Additionally we analyze the convergence rate of the algorithm via simulations on randomly generated instances. The results indicate scalability with respect to the number of agents and consumption slots.
Miniature mobile NMR sensors for material testing and moisture-monitoring (2014)

Miniaturization plays an essential role in modern life of the 21st century. It is encountered, e.g., in communication, personalized and portable computers and in medicine. Miniaturization also affects NMR, one of the most versatile analytical tools, leading to dedicated sensors and portable devices which lead to new applications of NMR in different disciplines. The miniaturization of two portable stray-field NMR sensor types, the NMR-MOUSE® and an inside-out sensor are reported in this work. The sensors are critically evaluated and compared to other standard probes. Applications in material testing and civil engineering are evaluated.