gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene A222V polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke (2004)

The 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) gene 677C --> T polymorphism causes an A222V amino acid change which affects MTHFR enzyme activity and can increase homocysteine, a vascular disease risk factor. This polymorphism was examined for association with stroke. In a case-control study of 241 ischemic stroke patients and 304 controls in Hong Kong, the V allele increased in stroke [28% vs. 20%, odds ratio (OR) 1.5, p=0.003]. A lack of significance for the increase in the VV genotype (7.5% vs. 4.6%, OR 1.7, p = 0.16) may be due to its rarity in this region. V -allele carriers had more severe strokes (according to the NIH stroke scale). The association of the V allele with stroke occurred mostly in women or older subjects and was due to decreasing V allele frequency with age, as seen in other studies. This V frequency decline with age might be due to a loss of V -carrying controls from a higher risk of cancer, vascular disease, bone fracture, and kidney failure when folate is sparse. Examination of previous studies revealed that the association of VV genotype with stroke appeared stronger in Japan than elsewhere, possibly due to dietary differences. Perhaps folate supplementation for stroke prevention would particularly benefit VV individuals in such high-risk regions.
Neurotensin is a proinflammatory neuropeptide in colonic inflammation (1999)

The neuropeptide neurotensin mediates several intestinal functions, including chloride secretion, motility, and cellular growth. However, whether this peptide participates in intestinal inflammation is not known. Toxin A, an enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile, mediates pseudomembranous colitis in humans. In animal models, toxin A causes an acute inflammatory response characterized by activation of sensory neurons and intestinal nerves and immune cells of the lamina propria. Here we show that neurotensin and its receptor are elevated in the rat colonic mucosa following toxin A administration. Pretreatment of rats with the neurotensin receptor antagonist SR-48, 692 inhibits toxin A-induced changes in colonic secretion, mucosal permeability, and histologic damage. Exposure of colonic explants to toxin A or neurotensin causes mast cell degranulation, which is inhibited by SR-48,692. Because substance P was previously shown to mediate mast cell activation, we examined whether substance P is involved in neurotensin-induced mast cell degranulation. Our results show that neurotensin-induced mast cell degranulation in colonic explants is inhibited by the substance P (neurokinin-1) receptor antagonist CP-96,345, indicating that colonic mast activation in response to neurotensin involves release of substance P. We conclude that neurotensin plays a key role in the pathogenesis of C. difficile-induced colonic inflammation and mast cell activation.
Functional interaction between BMPR-II and Tctex-1, a light chain of Dynein, is isoform-specific and disrupted by mutations underlying primary pulmonary hypertension (2003)

Diverse heterozygous mutations of bone morphogenetic receptor type II (BMPR-II) underlie the inherited form of the vascular disorder primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). As yet, the molecular detail of how such defects contribute to the pathogenesis of PPH remains unclear. BMPR-II is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta cell signalling superfamily. Ligand binding induces cell surface receptor complex formation and activates a cascade of phosphorylation events of intracellular intermediaries termed Smads, which initiate transcriptional regulation. Some 30% of PPH-causing mutations localize to exon 12, which may be spliced out forming an isoform depleted of the unusually long BMPR-II cytoplasmic tail. To further elucidate the consequences of BMPR2 mutation, we sought to characterize aspects of the cytoplasmic domain function by seeking intracellular binding partners. We now report that Tctex-1, a light chain of the motor complex dynein, interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of BMPR-II and demonstrate that Tctex-1 is phosphorylated by BMPR-II, a function disrupted by PPH disease causing mutations within exon 12. Finally we show that BMPR-II and Tctex-1 co-localize to endothelium and smooth muscle within the media of pulmonary arterioles, key sites of vascular remodelling in PPH. Taken together, these data demonstrate a discrete function for the cytoplasmic domain of BMPR-II and justify further investigation of whether the interaction with and phosphorylation of Tctex-1 contributes to the pathogenesis of PPH.
Cloning, Tissue Distribution, Genomic Organization, and Functional Characterization of NBC3, a New Member of the Sodium Bicarbonate Cotransporter Family (1999)

Previous functional studies have demonstrated that muscle intracellular pH regulation is mediated by sodium-coupled bicarbonate transport, Na+/H+ exchange, and Cl-/bicarbonate exchange. We report the cloning, sequence analysis, tissue distribution, genomic organization, and functional analysis of a new member of the sodium bicarbonate cotransporter (NBC) family, NBC3, from human skeletal muscle. mNBC3 encodes a 1214-residue polypeptide with 12 putative membrane-spanning domains. The approximately 7.8-kilobase transcript is expressed uniquely in skeletal muscle and heart. The NBC3 gene (SLC4A7) spans approximately 80 kb and is composed of 25 coding exons and 24 introns that are flanked by typical splice donor and acceptor sequences. Expression of mNBC3 cRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes demonstrated that the protein encodes a novel stilbene-insensitive 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride-inhibitable sodium bicarbonate cotransporter.
Gene Expression Changes during the Development of Acute Lung Injury Role of Transforming Growth Factor β (2005)

These data suggest that TGF-beta acts as a central mediator of acute lung injury through the alteration of several different molecular pathways.
Abnormal metabolism of shellfish sterols in a patient with sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis. (1986)

Sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis together are a disease characterized by premature cardiovascular disease, and by elevated plasma concentrations of total sterols and of plant sterols, especially sitosterol which is hyperabsorbed. In order to determine whether this abnormal metabolism also involved other sterols, a patient with sitosterolemia was fed a diet high in shellfish that contain significant quantities of noncholesterol sterols, some of which are less well absorbed than cholesterol in humans. Compared with control subjects (n = 8), the sitosterolemic subject had an increased absorption of 22-dehydrocholesterol (71.5% vs. 43.8 +/- 11.4%, mean +/- SD), C-26 sterol (80.6% vs. 49.3 +/- 11.4%), brassicasterol (51.8% vs. 4.8 +/- 4.2%), and 24-methylene cholesterol (60.5% vs. 16.0 +/- 8.3%). This enhanced absorption was associated with an increased plasma total shellfish sterol level (13.1 mg/dl vs. 1.9 +/- 0.7 mg/dl in normals). In the sitosterolemic subject, as in normals, the shellfish sterols were not preferentially concentrated in any lipoprotein class, and 50-65% of these sterols were in the esterified form in plasma. Bile acids and neutral sterols were quantitated in bile obtained by duodenal aspiration. The bile acid composition did not differ significantly in the sitosterolemic subject compared with the normal controls. The sitosterolemic subject, though, was unable to concentrate normally the neutral shellfish sterols in bile. The normal controls concentrated the shellfish sterols in bile 6.3 +/- 1.7-fold relative to the plasma shellfish sterol concentration whereas the study subject was only able to concentrate them 2.1-fold. We propose that sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis occur from a generalized abnormality in the usual ability of the gut mucosa and other tissues of the body to discriminate among many different sterols. This has important implications for the understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and for therapeutic recommendations.
Estimating the mixing matrix in Sparse Component Analysis (SCA) based on multidimensional subspace clustering (2007)

In this paper we propose a new method for estimating the mixing matrix, A, in the linear model X = AS, for the problem of underdetermined Sparse Component Analysis (SCA). Contrary to most existing algorithms, in the proposed algorithm there may be more than one active source at each instant (i.e. in each column of the source matrix S), and the number of sources is not required to be known in advance. Since in the cases where more than one source is active at each instant, data samples concentrate around multidimensional subspaces, the idea of our method is to first estimate these subspaces and then estimate the mixing matrix from these estimated subspaces.
5-Fluoro- and 8-fluorotrimetoquinol: selective .beta.2-adrenoceptor agonists (1987)

The 5-fluoro and 8-fluoro analogues of trimetoquinol, TMQ, have been synthesized and evaluated for beta 2- and beta 1-adrenoceptor activity in guinea pig trachea and atria, respectively. The fluoro analogues of TMQ maintained potent beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist activity but had reduced beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist activity. The changes in beta 1-activity of these compounds were correlated to differences in phenolic pKa's. The beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor actions of 2 and 3 were blocked in a competitive manner by propranolol. The enhanced beta 2/beta 1 selectivity for the analogues was found to be 8-fluoro analogue 3 greater than 5-fluoro analogue 2 greater than trimetoquinol (1).
The Ocular Conjunctiva as a Mucosal Immunization Route: A Profile of the Immune Response to the Model Antigen Tetanus Toxoid (2013)

Conjunctival immunization with TTd alone or with various adjuvants induced TTd-specific local and systemic immune responses, predominantly of the Th1 type. The strongest immune responses developed in mice that received TTd together with wBP, which implies that this alternative route might tailor the immune response to fight intracellular bacteria or viruses more effectively.
Intertwining query construction and relevance evaluation (1991)

Article Intertwining query construction and relevance evaluation Share on Authors: Gerhard Fischer Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, ColoradoView Profile , Scott Henninger Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, ColoradoView Profile , David Redmiles Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, ColoradoView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '91: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsApril 1991 Pages 55–62https://doi.org/10.1145/108844.108853Online:01 March 1991Publication History 11citation273DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads273Last 12 Months4Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
OQL_SERF: an ODMG implementation of the template-based schema evolution framework (1998)

With rapid progress in application development and technologies, there is an increasing need to specify and handle complex schema changes of databases. The existing support for schema evolution in current OODB systems is limited to a pre-defined taxonomy of simple schema evolution operations with fixed semantics. We have proposed an extensible framework for schema transformations to address this open problem. The SERF framework succeeds in giving the user the flexibility to define the semantics of their choice, the extensibility of defining new complex transformations, and the power of reusing these transformations through the notion of templates. In this paper, we now report on OQLSERF, the realization of our concepts based on the ODMG standard. We have utilized not only the ODMG object model, but have also used OQL as the database transformation language, the ODMG Metadata Repository for providing meta information utilized by the templates and Java&apos;s binding of OQL. We have develope...
A General Approach to Evaluate the Dynamic Fracture Toughness of Materials (2016)

In this paper a combined experimental and numerical approach is proposed to evaluate the dynamic fracture toughness of materials. A circular tube specimen, made of Aluminum alloy, 7050-T7651, having a spiral crack on its outer surface is used to demonstrate the technique. A torsional Hopkinson bar is used to generate a dynamic torsion pulse, which in turn creates predominantly a tensile load along the crack line of the specimen. The torque applied on the sample is obtained from strain gages attached on the bars using one dimensional wave equation. Commercial FE package, ABAQUS, is used to simulate the dynamic fracture parameters. In this case the subspace projection method and standard implicit integration in ABAQUS with time increment are used, assuming the system is linear. The angle of twist associated to the torque measured on the specimen is used as input in the model. The dynamic stress intensity factor is determined using minimum strain energy theory. Digital image correlation is used to measure the deformation field near the crack tip. The measured strain/displacement fields are used to determine the exact time at which the crack initiated. The result show that, all the three classical modes of fracture are existing, but mode I is at least one order magnitude higher than the others. Also the dynamic SIF of the Aluminum alloy 7075-T6571 is higher than the quasi-static SIF (i.e KIc d=1.36KIc), The value obtained in this experiment is in well agreement with the values documented in the literature.
A new efficient algorithm for analysis of piecewise-linear resistive circuits (driving-point and transfer characteristic plots) (2003)

An efficient algorithm is presented for finding all driving-point and transfer characteristic plots for a broad class of piecewise-linear resistive circuits, without the need for initial points for each solution branch. The circuits need not be continuous, nor need their linear regions be divided by gridlike hyperplanes. The computation of is zone by zone, instead of the conventional region by region. Since each zone includes several regions and only one matrix inversion is needed for each zone, a significant reduction of computation can be achieved. The computational complexity for finding all solution branches, i.e. finding the DC operating points over the entire range of input values, is no more than finding all DC operating points over a single input value as far as the number of matrices that need to be inverted is concerned.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Survey on network mobility support (2004)

Providing unperturbed Internet connectivity to mobile hosts has been studied in the IETF for some years now, and protocols such as Mobile IP and Mobile IPv6 have been developed. We are now witnessing the emergence of mobile networks, namely a set of hosts that move collectively as a unit, such as on ships and aircrafts. The protocols for mobility support therefore need to be extended from supporting an individual mobile device to supporting an entire mobile network. In this paper we examine the state-of-the-art in network mobility support. We first motivate the problem by considering typical network mobility scenarios and identify the characteristics that require new solutions. We then study the design requirements of the protocols that support network mobility. Thereafter, we review some of the current approaches for network mobility support, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses in addressing the design requirements. We conclude by identifying some open research issues in the realization of mobile networks.
Electron mobility enhancement from coupled wells in delta-doped GaAs (1993)

It is found that when two Si delta (δ) doped wells in GaAs are placed in close proximity to one another, the electron Hall mobility is enhanced two to five times over that of the single well case. The temperature dependence of the mobility is also reported. Samples with a variety of spacer widths have been studied. Our theoretical and experimental data show that the excited subbands in the double well structure have significant carrier densities located in the undoped region where Coulombic scattering is reduced, and are thus found to play an important role in the observed mobility behavior.
Preclinical evidence for the potential of a bivalent fHBP vaccine to prevent<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>Serogroup C Disease (2011)

A bivalent factor H binding protein (fHBP) vaccine for the prevention of disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B is currently in clinical development. Since fHBP is also expressed by other meningococcal serogroups, anti-fHBP antibodies may have bactericidal activity against meningococci independent of serogroup. To begin examining the susceptibility of other meningococcal serogroups to anti-fHBP antibodies, meningococcal serogroup C invasive isolates (n = 116) were collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) sites during 2000-2001. These isolates were analyzed for the presence of the fhbp gene. All serogroup C isolates contained the gene, and sequence analysis grouped the proteins into two subfamilies, A and B. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that fHBP was expressed on the surface of ~70% of isolates in vitro with varying levels of expression. fHBP was accessible to antibodies on the cell surface even in the presence of the polysaccharide capsule. Nine isolates from different geographic regions were identified which harboured an identical single nucleotide deletion that could result in a truncated subfamily B fHBP. Analysis by flow cytometry using a polyclonal fHBP antibody preparation revealed that a subpopulation of each of these isolates expressed fHBP. Rabbit and non-human primate immune sera generated with bivalent fHBP vaccine were tested for bactericidal activity against a panel of diverse serogroup C clinical isolates using human complement. Sera from both species demonstrated serum bactericidal antibody activity against the serogroup C isolates tested. These promising findings suggest that a bivalent fHBP vaccine may be capable of providing protection against meningococcal disease caused by both serogroup C and B.
Modeling photobleached optical polymer waveguides (1995)

One of the most efficient ways to prepare nonlinear optical polymer channel waveguides is by photobleaching. To control the index profile precisely and to design and improve the performance of active electro-optical devices, modeling of the photobleaching process is important. We report our phenomenological bleaching model, which uses a stretched exponential time dependency technique that predicts the index profile for polymer channel waveguides and present design rules for active optical switches and modulators. One way to verify the bleaching model is to calculate the effective index and compare this with our measured effective index obtained with prism-coupling techniques. The bleaching model shows good agreement with experiments.
Peak Characteristics and Computers in Continuous Flow Analysis (1970)

Abstract The data output of continuous-flow analyzers is examined, and the characteristics of sample peaks are related to the timing program of the sampler module. Optimal conditions are presented for continuous-flow analyzer performance and for computer acquisition of such data.
Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus—Specific DNase and DNA Polymerase in the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (1988)

In an attempt to examine further the association between active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the chronic fatigue syndrome (chronic EBV syndrome, or chronic or atypical mononucleosis), antibodies acting against EBV-specific DNase and DNA polymerase, which are expressed only during virus replication, were assayed. Serum samples from 25 healthy EBV-seropositive individuals neutralized 3.5 +/- 5.1 U (mean +/- SD) of DNase activity and 14.7 +/- 8.5 U of DNA polymerase activity. From these values were selected upper limits of anti-EBV enzyme activity of 17.9 and 31.3 U neutralized in normal individuals, respectively (representing the 95% confidence limit). Serum samples from six groups of subjects representing a variety of EBV-related illnesses were then studied. Only patients with notably elevated anti-EBV antibody titers to viral capsid antigen (VCA) (greater than 10,000) had elevated levels of anti-EBV DNase (38 to 56 U neutralized) and anti-EBV DNA polymerase (72 to 106 U neutralized). Three additional patients and two geriatric controls with average anti-EBV early antigen/VCA titers had slightly elevated levels of antibody to EBV DNA polymerase. IgA anti-VCA, anti-early antigen antibodies, or both, were also detected in the same patients who had high EBV DNase and polymerase antibody levels. These antibody profiles are similar to those in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Since three of the six patients with elevated anti-EBV enzyme antibody levels developed fatal lymphomas, patients with chronic EBV and this antibody profile might be in another illness category at risk for malignant disease.
On first-row diatomic molecules and local density models (1979)

The total Xα energy accurate to 0.3 eV is computed for H2, B2, C2, N2, O2, CO, and F2. Relative to experiment, the Xα model (α=0.7) is accurate to within ΔRe=0.1 bohr, ΔDe=2 eV, and Δωe=300 cm−1 for these molecules. Except for the lightest first-row diatomic molecules, the Xα and experimental dissociation energies are bracketed by those of the Hartree–Fock model (from below) and the Local Spin Density model (from above).
Capped azaparacyclophane (1985)

A novel capped azaparacyclophane was obtained by the reaction of N,N′,N″,N‴-tetrakis[10-(chloroformyl)decyl]-2,11,20,29-tetra-aza[3.3.3.3]paracyclophane-3,10,21,28-tetraone with 1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclotetradecane; its substrate- binding behaviour was examined in aqueous media and compared with that of uncapped azaparacyclophanes.
Interactive teaching of constrained generalized predictive control (2005)

In this paper, an interactive educational tool for teaching the basic concepts of constrained generalized predictive control is described. Students gain insight into the selection of design parameters and discover how controlled system performance and closed-loop stability are influenced by this selection through a user-friendly presentation of constrained and unconstrained cases.