gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In vitro evaluation of the temperature increment at the external root surface after Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation of the root canal (2009)

Application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser gives rise to a statistically significant temperature increment at the external root surface, though this increment is probably clinically irrelevant, since it would appear to damage the tissues (periodontal ligament and alveolar bone) in proximity to the treated tooth.
Mechanism of Immunologic Resistance to Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Infection (1976)

Susceptibility of adult mice to i.p. infection with HSV-1 was greatly increased by administration of a single dose of cyclophosphamide. Mortality of cyclophosphamide-treated virus-infected mice was associated with increased virus replication and pathologic changes in brain and liver. The development of a fatal infection in immunosuppressed mice could be curtailed after transfer of specifically immune spleen cells. Passively transferred antibody had no such effect. Protective activity of spleen cells was significantly reduced after pretreatment with anti-theta serum. Significant protection was also achieved when normal spleen cells plus immune serum were administered simultaneously. Our results indicate that protection against this virus infection is predominantly T cell dependent, and suggests that antibody-dependent cell-mediated protection may also be operative in vivo.
Forskolin stimulates cyclic AMP synthesis, lowers intraocular pressure and increases outflow facility in rabbits (1982)

The intracellular pathway by which beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists affect aqueous humor dynamics involves the intracellular mediator, cyclic AMP. We have therefore tested the activity of forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase, in rabbits. Following a 15 min in vitro incubation in the presence of forskolin (15 microM) and isobutylmethylxanthine, a 10 fold increase in cyclic AMP was found in both rabbit iris-ciliary body and scleral-trabecular rings relative to controls. Following an intracameral injection of forskolin (10 micrograms) a time-dependent decrease in intraocular pressure was observed, which reached a mean decrease of 5 mm Hg at 4 hr in unanesthetized rabbits. Outflow facility was measured in anesthetized rabbits by constant pressure perfusion before injection and 1 hr after injection of either forskolin (10 micrograms) or control vehicle. Forskolin caused an approximate doubling of outflow facility (0.41 microliter/min/mm Hg) compared to the preinjection mean value. Control vehicle, ethyl alcohol, caused a statistically insignificant increase in outflow facility. At this concentration of forskolin, the integrity of the blood-aqueous barrier was normal as measured by protein and fluorescein entry into the aqueous humor. These results indicate that agents which directly activate adenylate cyclase are effective at increasing outflow facility and decreasing IOP.
Evaluation of SIP signaling usability in networked operations (2005)

Latest development showed that VoIP-solutions are also going to expand into the area of safety critical voice communication systems. A variety of solutions has been developed for different fields of application, different scales and services. Signaling and media transports vary in voice communication architectures for LAN environments compared with those in global Internet telephony. Generally, multitudes of call-features as well as dedicated services are required. Besides also access to shared media resources, like analog or digital radio has to be controlled, together with coupling capabilities to virtually merge radio-channels. Additionally a voice communication system offers monitoring and recording capabilities and failover mechanisms for switching between redundant devices. Today's legacy voice communication systems (VCS), which meet these requirements, are based on circuit switching technology. They are well-proven and characterized by high reliability and availability. The vast majority of voice communication systems are single installations supporting dedicated resources. From there, a controller working on one VCS can not arbitrarily access the radios of another VCS, which substantially restricts the contingency capabilities of the system and may also be regard as a major cost factor. Development of new data services has shown that circuit switched systems lack of data integration. Also in deployable systems and mobility demands, such as in disaster operation or military applications, legacy systems have drawbacks, because configuration is complex to handle and interoperability between different vendors requires dedicated gateways. IP based voice communication generates a new momentum as IP based services inherently allow for networked operations. But due to the fundamental paradigms different to the VCS, it requires to reconsider the architectural framework. The proposed paper elaborates two aspects of the implications of introducing IP based communication systems on a system and architectural level. Separating the communication service, which is purely the IP packet from application services, which include A/G and G/G voice services, is one issue that shall be display. The second topic shall describe the evolution of system interfaces, which includes the working together with radio equipment and voice communication systems of other vendors. Finally a practical implementation using the session initiation protocol (SIP) evaluates the variants for implementation of the required call-features in terms of usability in a VCS. Further, it presents a model for signaling of (providing) additional VCS specific functions. SIP extensions meet the requirement for this variety of signaling, especially by using event-notification, which is done by SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY requests. Event-packages already exist for conferencing, dialog-events and refer-events - additional event-packages for radio signaling (PTT and SQU) and radio-channel-coupling extend the signaling capabilities to provide a complete set of VCS-features
Precision MEMS flexure mount for a Littman tunable external cavity laser (2004)

A tuning element has been constructed using micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) technology for Littman configuration external cavity tunable lasers. The device is fabricated by deep reactive ion etching of bonded silicon-on-insulator, using a single layer of patterning to integrate a fixed grating and a mirror that is rotated about a virtual pivot by an electrostatic comb drive. The mirror is mounted on a compound flexure. To ensure mode-hop free tuning, the pivot point should lie at the intersection of the mirror and grating planes. Candidate elastic suspensions are compared, and a combination of a cantilever and a portal spring, is selected. Interferometric measurements of electromechanical performance show that the mirror is rotating about a suitable remote point. Preliminary data are given for a Littman external cavity laser operating with a fixed MOEMS structure.
Design of a New Instrumented Forceps: Application to Safe Obstetrical Forceps Blade Placement (2007)

Today, medical simulators are increasingly gaining appeal in clinical settings. In obstetrics childbirth simulators provide a training and research tool for comparing various techniques that use obstetrical instruments or validating new methods. Especially in the case of difficult deliveries, the use of obstetrical instruments-such as forceps, spatulas, and vacuum extractors-has become essential. However, such instruments increase the risk of injury to both the mother and fetus. Only clinical experience acquired in the delivery room enables health professionals to reduce this risk. In this context, we have developed, in collaboration with researchers and physicians, a new type of instrumented forceps that offers new solutions for training obstetricians in the safe performance of forceps deliveries. This paper focuses on the design of this instrumented forceps, coupled with the BirthSIM simulator. This instrumented forceps allows to study its displacement inside the maternal pelvis. Methods for analyzing the operator repeatability and to compare forceps blade placements to a reference one are developed. The results highlight the need of teaching tools to adequately train novice obstetricians.
Phenolic Extraction from Apple Peel by Cellulases from <i>Thermobifida fusca</i> (2005)

With the optimization of the pretreatment conditions for the crude Thermobifida fusca cellulase activity and phenolic release from apple peel, we focused on the activity of individual purified cellulase related to the antioxidant activity. The overall phenolic release was significantly increased in a synergistic manner with combined pretreatment, not with individual pretreatment such as boiling, acid, and pectinase treatment. Approximately 60 mg of reducing sugar equivalent were produced per g of apple peel by treatment with T. fusca crude extract, and up to 3 times more reducing sugars were released when the apple peel was boiled and then treated with acid and pectinase. There was good correlation between the release of phenolics and reducing sugar by cellulase treatment and also between the amount of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity by each enzyme treatment (r2> 0.95). Among the tested enzymes purified from T. fusca cell extract, cellulase activity on apple peel was the highest with cellulase 6A (Cel 6A; 43% digestion), and the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained by incubation with Cel 6B (16 mg vitamin C equiv/g). Synergism in the activity was found from the combined treatment with Cel 6A and 6B in both cellulase activity and antioxidant capacity after 20 h of incubation. Cel 9A (progressive endocellulase) exhibited greater cellulase activity and antioxidant capacity than Cel 9A cd which lacks in cellulose-binding module, indicating that the cellulose-binding domain might play important roles in cellulolysis of apple peel. This study could provide some insights into the action mechanism of various cellulases on the digestion of cellulose-containing byproducts and expand the opportunity for cellulase utilization in the extraction of functional ingredients from the plant-derived byproducts.
Adhesion of elastomers: Dwell time effects (2003)

The strength of adhesion of elastomers to rigid substrates generally increases with time of contact. This effect has been studied for samples of butyl and chlorobutyl rubber adhering to some rigid substrates. The peel strength increased continuously over long periods of contact until in some cases failure became cohesive within the elastomer layer. At higher temperatures the strength increased more rapidly, consistent with the WLF relation governing molecular motions. It is postulated that slow molecular rearrangements occur at the interface and increase the bond strength. A criterion for the observed transition from interfacial to cohesive failure is suggested. Keywords: AdhesionButyl RubberDwell TimeElastomersFailureInterfacesPeelingStrength
Fenton's reagent. IV. Structure and reactivity relations in the reactions of hydroxyl radicals and the redox reactions of radicals (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFenton's reagent. IV. Structure and reactivity relations in the reactions of hydroxyl radicals and the redox reactions of radicalsCheves Walling, Gamil M. El-Taliawi, and Richard A. JohnsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 1, 133–139Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00808a022Request reuse permissionsArticle Views477Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (805 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Investigation of irreversible photochemical reactions by transient grating techniques (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInvestigation of irreversible photochemical reactions by transient grating techniquesF. W. Deeg, J. Pinsl, and C. BraeuchleCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 22, 5710–5715Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100280a048https://doi.org/10.1021/j100280a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views63Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
논단 : 몽골 중부 둘란하이한 지역의 W-Mo 부존 특성 (2013)

한국지질자원연구원과 몽골 광물자원청은 몽골 항가이 희유금속 광화대 내 둘란하이한 W-Mo 산출지에 대해 공동조사를 하였다. 몽골 항가이 희유금속 광화대 둘란하이한 W-Mo 산출지에 대한 지질광상 조사결과 텅스텐 함량이 높은 광화점들을 발견하였고 텅스텐 광석 광물은 철망간중석, 철중석, 망간중석으로 분석되었다. 실루리아기 호톤트 층의 규암에서 채취한 시료의 텅스텐(WO3) 함량이 0.11-4.43%로 분석되었고, 페름기 델거한 복합체의 페그마타이트에서 채취한 시료의 텅스텐 함량이 137-3844ppm으로 분석되었다. 조사지역에서 채취한 시료들의 전체 R2O3의 평균값은 473ppm으로 지각의 평균 함량인 200ppm에 비해 약 2.5 배 정도 되는 값을 가지며 가장 높은 시료는 1326ppm으로 약 6.5 배 정도 되는 값을 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 요인분석 결과에 따르면 둘란하이한 지역 내 텅스텐 함량이 높은 두 지역의 광화 작용은 상관관계의 유사성을 보이며 따라서 유사한 기원을 갖는 것으로 판단된다.
Corrections for rotating shadowband pyranometers for solar resource assessment (2008)

Solar irradiation data is scarcely available in regions suitable for solar energy applications. For the design of solar power plants, accurate but affordable measurements are indispensable. Accurate sensors are little appropriate for remote stations due to soiling, high power consumption and elevated costs. Rotating shadowband devices represent a prospective alternative. This paper describes new corrections for the systematic deviations of a Rotating Shadowband Pyranometer (RSP) with an integrated temperature probe. The correctional functions were developed on data from 23 different RSPs over an entire year. An average reduction of the root mean square deviation of direct normal irradiation from above 6.5% to below 2.5% was achieved.
Normal direction measurement based on 3D point cloud in robotic drilling (2017)

In large-scale assembly, the perpendicularity of bolting fastens is very critical for the fatigue life and fluid dynamic configuration of the drilled surface. Because the deformation from assembly stress and workpiece manufacturing error, the profile of the prepared drilling surface is different from the CAD model, so the on-line normal direction measurement is required instead of extracting from the CAD model. In this article, a robust normal direction measurement method in robotic drilling based on point cloud is proposed. In our method, the structure-light-based 3D sensor is used for acquiring the surface 3D point cloud and then the modified PCA is applied for calculating the drilling normal direction. The process for aligning the robotic drilling device to the measured surface is also studied. The proposed method is verified by several simulations experiments. The result show the methods are robust and effective.
α-Pentafluoropropionylation of Ketones and Aldehydes Using Hexafluoropropene Oxide. A Facile Synthesis of Fluorinated 1,3-Diketones (1982)

Abstract Hexafluoropropene oxide reacts smoothly with morpholine enamines from ketones and aldehydes at 0 °C to room temperature in anhydrous THF to give pentafluorinated 1,3-diketones in good yields. The keto-enol equilibrium in the products is generally in favor of their enol form.
Active compensation of interconnection losses for multi-GHz clock distribution networks (1992)

The authors propose an active compensation scheme for losses in heavily loaded high-speed differential clock distribution networks using Si bipolar integrated circuit technology. The compensation network consists of negative impedance converter circuitry and provides performance improvements up to multi-gigahertz frequencies. Even though the compensation technique is proposed in the context of Si bipolar multilevel current switch logic circuits, the analogous application with other high-speed technologies is possible where loading dominates the on-chip transmission line characteristics. The authors give general design guidelines and reports simulation results for a 2-GHz clock distribution example problem using parameters of state-of-the-art single-poly self-aligned Si bipolar transistors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cellular Mechanisms of Tissue Fibrosis. 5. Novel insights into liver fibrosis (2013)

Liver fibrosis is the common scarring reaction associated with chronic liver injury that results from prolonged parenchymal cell injury and/or inflammation. The fibrogenic response is characterized by progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix components enriched in fibrillar collagens and a failure of matrix turnover. This process is driven by a heterogeneous population of hepatic myofibroblasts, which mainly derive from hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts. Regression of fibrosis can be achieved by the successful control of chronic liver injury, owing to termination of the fibrogenic reaction following clearance of hepatic myofibroblasts and restoration of fibrolytic pathways. Understanding of the complex network underlying liver fibrogenesis has allowed the identification of a large number of antifibrotic targets, but no antifibrotic drug has as yet been approved. This review will highlight recent advances regarding the mechanisms that regulate liver fibrogenesis and fibrosis regression, with special focus on novel signaling pathways and the role of inflammatory cells. Translation of these findings to therapies will require continued efforts to develop multitarget therapeutic approaches that will improve the grim prognosis of liver cirrhosis.
Applications of Random Walks on Finite Graphs (1991)

This is a brief account of different contexts in which random walks on graphs occur, and of techniques used in their analysis.It is an expanded version of talks given in several places during 1986-89.1. INTRODUCTION.Just as games of chance provide an easily comprehended setting for the elementary mathematics of probability, so random walks provide a simple illustration of stochastic processes.Drunkard's walk, with successive steps taken right or left at random, and gambler's ruin, the successive fortunes of a gambler staking $1 on red at roulette, are readily described to a non-mathematician.Generalizations to the study of sums of independent identically distributed random variables in 1 or d dimensions form a classic field of probability theory (usually called random walk, but here called random flight): see [40].A different generalization is to consider a graph G and a particle stepping randomly around the vertices in the natural way: from a vertex v it chooses uniformly at random an edge e incident at v, and steps to the vertex v' at the other end of e.Such random walks on graphs are our subject.
Factors causing patients to delay seeking treatment after suffering a stroke. (2005)

Many studies have looked at issues surrounding why people delay in accessing healthcare after they have experienced a stroke, but no published studies on this subject have been conducted in West Virginia. To identify the factors causing patients to delay treatment for a stroke, we conducted a concurrent chart review of 64 acute stroke and TIA patients presenting at Charleston Area Medical Center from April 1, 2003 to July 21, 2003. Results showed that the majority of patients arrived beyond the critical three-hour limit for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) medication. The patients who reported speech problems and confusion as their initial symptoms, those who lived within 15 miles of the hospital, and those who used ambulance transport, were most likely to arrive at the hospital in less than two hours. On the other hand, the patients who were less likely to arrive within two hours were those who were alone at symptom onset, those who had weakness as a prominent symptom, as well as those were younger and had commercial insurance. We recommend educating the community about the symptoms of stroke and focusing on the fact that stroke is a medical emergency and calling 911 is necessary.
ENO‐DNO‐PS: A stable, second‐order accuracy eikonal solver (1999)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ENO‐DNO‐PS: A stable, second‐order accuracy eikonal solverAuthors: Seongjai KimSeongjai KimDepartment of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506‐0027https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820874 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820874FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byInversion of First-arrival Time Using Simulated AnnealingKhiem T. Tran and Dennis R. Hiltunen9 March 2011 | Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Vol. 16, No. 1MultiStencils Fast Marching Methods: A Highly Accurate Solution to the Eikonal Equation on Cartesian DomainsIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 29, No. 9Accurate Tracking of Monotonically Advancing Fronts SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1999 Pages: 2061 publication data© 1999 Copyright © 1999 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Seongjai Kim, (1999), "ENO‐DNO‐PS: A stable, second‐order accuracy eikonal solver," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1747-1750. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1820874 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Radio-wave propagation for emerging wireless personal-communication systems (1994)

The present survey paper summarizes radio-propagation measurements and models for emerging wireless personal-communication systems. Both indoor and microcell-propagation environments are considered, and the problem of RF penetration into buildings is identified as an important area of research for emerging wireless-communication systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>