gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanowire-based enhancement of localized surface plasmon resonance for highly sensitive detection: a theoretical study (2006)

A nanowire-based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor has been investigated to evaluate the impact of design parameters of nanowires on the excitation of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and the sensitivity enhancement of a LSPR biosensor. The results based on rigorous coupled wave analysis and finite difference time domain method indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with LSP excitation mediated by nanowires and that resonant coupling of LSPs through a nanogroove achieves larger field enhancement and sensitivity improvement than LSP excitation in a single nanowire. A specific optimization provided a nanowire-based structure with the sensitivity increase by more than 23 times as well as good linear detection properties.
An Evaluation of the Ratio between the Tensions along the Quadriceps Tendon and the Patellar Ligament (1980)

An experiment was devised whereby physiological loads could be applied to the quadriceps tendon of cadaveric knee joints so that the ratio of tensions in the quadriceps tendon and the patellar ligament could be determined. On two knee joints, radiographs were taken before testing, so that the theoretical ratio of the tensions could be evaluated and compared with the experimental results. As the knee was flexed, the ratio of the tensions, frequently assumed to be unity, reduced by up to fifty per cent.
Horizon detection for mars surface operations (2017)

A new image processing method for automated horizon detection is presented in this paper. This method was developed for the Mars Exploration Rovers mission's surface operations to aid in determining orbiter visibility periods for downlink data, and is now being considered for all Mars surface missions and for a variety of applications. Starting with images received from Mars rovers or landers, the horizon pixel location is found by (1) obtaining the gradient images using the Sobel operator, (2) calculating the preliminary horizon locations by optimizing the maximum difference between sky and ground regions in the gradient domain, and (3) applying a multi-variable thresholding method. The results are analyzed using a variety of images from the Mars rovers, as an example one dataset's results were categorized as 94.2% Good, 4.11% Okay, and 1.65% Poor. The pixel location corresponding to the found horizon in an image is converted to azimuth and elevation values using the camera model. The elevation of the terrain surrounding the rover or lander directly affects the duration orbiters are visible for downlink data volume, and when the sun is visible for image quality or solar energy consumption. Having an automated process to detect the elevation of the terrain allows the operation team to better predict the outcome of the plan, reducing heath and safety risks and allowing new operational limits to be defined.
Breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: predictive markers and relation with outcome (2003)

The aim of this study was to provide a better insight into breast cancer response to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy improves outcome in breast cancer patients. The effect of cytotoxic treatment cannot be predicted for individual patients. Therefore, the identification of tumour characteristics associated with tumour response and outcome is of great clinical interest. We studied 97 patients, who received anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumour samples were taken prior to and after chemotherapy. We quantified the response to chemotherapy clinically and pathologically and determined histological and molecular tumour characteristics. We assessed changes in the expression of Bcl-2, ER, P53 HER2 and Ki-67. Association with response and outcome was tested for all parameters. The experimental results showed 15 clinical (17%) and three (3%) pathological complete remissions. There were 18 (20%) clinical vs 29 (33%) pathological nonresponders. The expression of most markers was similar before and after chemotherapy. Only Ki-67 was significantly decreased after chemotherapy. Factors correlated with response were: large tumour size, ER negativity, high Ki-67 count and positive P53 status. Tumour response and marker expression did not predict disease-free or overall survival. In conclusion, clinical and pathological response assessments are poorly associated. Proliferation decreases significantly after chemotherapy. ER negativity and a high proliferation index are associated with better response. HER2 status does not predict response, and outcome is not related to tumour response.
Synthesis of the antifungal agent norneoenactin A (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the antifungal agent norneoenactin AIhab S. Darwish, Chetna Patel, and Marvin J. MillerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 22, 6072–6075Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00074a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00074a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative Investigations of Acidity, and Transient Acidity, in Zeolites and Molecular Sieves (2002)

To demonstrate that transient acidity exists in certain solid acid catalysts, a convenient and robust 1H solid-state NMR spin-counting method is introduced for the accurate quantification of Bronsted acid sites in zeolites and molecular sieves. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) is used as an inert and easily handled spin-counting standard, allowing internal calibration of MAS NMR peaks arising from both acidic and nonacidic hydrogens in the catalyst. Results from example systems including H-ZSM5, H-ferrierite (H-FER), and SAPO-34 are presented, and the relevance of these measurements to zeolite synthesis conditions, postsynthetic treatments, and reaction mechanisms are discussed. Using this technique, we show the first direct spectroscopic proof that framework Bronsted acidity in SAPO-34 molecular sieves decreases with time following removal of the synthesis template molecules. This effect is similar to hydrothermally catalyzed dealumination in traditional zeolites, except that it occurs at ambient temperature and moisture levels. Our data indicates that these catalysts must be stored in a moisture-free atmosphere to preserve activity following template removal. These results are key to understanding hydrocarbon conversions in SAPO catalysts, particularly in the methanol-to-hydrocarbon chemistry area, where SAPO-34 is a leading candidate for commercialization.
P-channel differential multiple-time programmable memory cells by laterally coupled floating metal gate fin field-effect transistors (2018)

In this paper, we present a new differential p-channel multiple-time programmable (MTP) memory cell that is fully compatible with advanced 16 nm CMOS fin field-effect transistors (FinFET) logic processes. This differential MTP cell stores complementary data in floating gates coupled by a slot contact structure, which make different read currents possible on a single cell. In nanoscale CMOS FinFET logic processes, the gate dielectric layer becomes too thin to retain charges inside floating gates for nonvolatile data storage. By using a differential architecture, the sensing window of the cell can be extended and maintained by an advanced blanket boost scheme. The charge retention problem in floating gate cells can be improved by periodic restoring lost charges when significant read window narrowing occurs. In addition to high programming efficiency, this p-channel MTP cells also exhibit good cycling endurance as well as disturbance immunity. The blanket boost scheme can remedy the charge loss problem under thin gate dielectrics.
Therapeutic targeting of the endothelin a receptor in human ovarian carcinoma. (2003)

The endothelin A receptor (ET(A)R) autocrine pathway is overexpressed in many malignancies, including ovarian carcinoma. In this tumor, engagement of ET(A)R triggers tumor growth, survival, neoangiogenesis, and invasion. To evaluate whether ET(A)R represents a new target in cancer treatment, we examine in vitro and in vivo the effect of the selective ET(A)R antagonist ABT-627 (atrasentan), a small p.o. bioavailable molecule, in mono- and combination therapy with taxane. ABT-627 effectively inhibits cell proliferation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion of ovarian carcinoma cell lines, and primary cultures. ET(A)R blockade also results in the sensitization to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. In ovarian carcinoma xenografts, in which the ET-1/ET(A)R autocrine pathway is overexpressed, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in ABT-627-treated mice compared with control. The therapeutic efficacy of ABT-627 was associated with a significant reduction in microvessel density, expression of VEGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-2, and increased the percentage of apoptotic tumor cells. Combined treatment of ABT-627 with paclitaxel produced additive antitumor, apoptotic, and antiangiogenic effects. These findings demonstrate that the small molecule ABT-627 is a candidate for clinical testing as an antitumor agent in ovarian cancer patients, especially in combination with taxane therapy. Interruption of ET(A)R signaling therefore, represents, a promising therapeutic strategy in ovarian carcinoma.
Targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 axis in lymphoma (2015)

A plethora of clinical trials are in progress testing immune checkpoint inhibitors in many subtypes of lymphoma, which will define their role both as a monotherapy and in combination with other biologic agents.
Relationship between severe obesity and gut inflammation in children: what's next? (2010)

In this study, the prevalence of glucose abnormalities in obese children is higher than in other series; furthermore, a correlation is present between markers of systemic and intestinal inflammation and glucose abnormalities.
NMEA 2000 A Digital Interface for the 21 st Century (2002)

Ships and boats are outfitted with suites of electronics including everything from desktop and laptop computers, and GPS to depth sounders and nautical chart data on diskettes. This paper describes the new standardized data protocol and interface that permits inexpensive communications among these devices. The National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) has introduced a new standard (NMEA 2000) for data communications among shipboard electronic devices. A single network cable replaces a myriad of cables used by today’s methods of interconnection. The NMEA 2000 network can accommodate navigation equipment, power generation, engines and machinery, piloting and steering systems, fire alarm, and controls. Data, commands, and status all share the same cable at speeds 26 times greater then the NMEA 0183 serial interface. NMEA 2000 is self-configuring, no setup is required, and no master controller is needed. Equipment may be added or removed without shutting down the network. This paper provides an in-depth description of NMEA 2000, including its capabilities, application within and beyond the marine industry, and national and international acceptance.
Reduction of Co-Channel Television Interference By Precise Frequency Control of Television Picture Carriers (1957)

It is a matter of record that the visibility of co-channel interference has maxima and minima at carrier offset frequencies which are a multiple of frame frequency. Subjective tests were made in the laboratory to determine the possible reduction in the visibility of co-channel interference by precise carrier frequency control and the stability requirements on the carrier frequency. The tests show an improvement of 12 db in the tolerable ratio of desired carrier to undesired carrier for an offset of 10,010 cycles and 18 db for an offset of 20,020 cycles; and that an offset frequency stability of plus or minus five cycles would be adequate. The above offset frequencies are the optimum offsets for a frame frequency of 29.97 cycles; they are even multiples (334 and 668) of frame frequency. For transmissions using a frame frequency of 30 cycles the optimum offsets are 10,020 cycles and 20,040 cycles. The stability requirements on the offset frequencies impose a relative stability on the picture carriers of plus or minus one part per hundred million for the VHF channels.
Pax7-expressing satellite cells are indispensable for adult skeletal muscle regeneration (2011)

Distinct cell populations with regenerative capacity have been reported to contribute to myofibres after skeletal muscle injury, including non-satellite cells as well as myogenic satellite cells. However, the relative contribution of these distinct cell types to skeletal muscle repair and homeostasis and the identity of adult muscle stem cells remain unknown. We generated a model for the conditional depletion of satellite cells by expressing a human diphtheria toxin receptor under control of the murine Pax7 locus. Intramuscular injection of diphtheria toxin during muscle homeostasis, or combined with muscle injury caused by myotoxins or exercise, led to a marked loss of muscle tissue and failure to regenerate skeletal muscle. Moreover, the muscle tissue became infiltrated by inflammatory cells and adipocytes. This localised loss of satellite cells was not compensated for endogenously by other cell types, but muscle regeneration was rescued after transplantation of adult Pax7(+) satellite cells alone. These findings indicate that other cell types with regenerative potential depend on the presence of the satellite cell population, and these observations have important implications for myopathic conditions and stem cell-based therapeutic approaches.
Intentions to Pursue a Career in Information Systems and Technology: An Empirical Study of South African Students (2010)

This paper reports on a study of the IT career interests of 263 South African university students. Drawing primarily on social cognitive career theory, a number of variables were selected and their effects on student intentions to pursue an IT career and choice of major were examined. Results revealed very low IT career intentions amongst students. Occupational self-efficacy, computing experience, computer anxiety, computer self-efficacy, and perceived career rewards were found to be important factors. Student perceptions of the core introductory IS course are also strongly linked to their intentions. Demography (gender and race) had mostly indirect effects.
Integrative data mining to identify novel candidate serum biomarkers for pre‐eclampsia screening (2011)

We anticipate this list can serve in prioritization of future experimental studies on serum biomarkers for early onset PE.
Structure of a cDNA for an acid phosphatase from phosphate-deficient lupin (<i>Lupinus albus</i>L.) Roots (1999)

Abstract We have isolated a cDNA clone, named LASAP1, for an acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2; APase) from a cDNA library constructed from mRNA in phosphatedeficient lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Kievskij) roots. LASAP1 was 2,187 bp in length including a single open reading frame of 1,914 nucleotides that encodes 638 amino acid residues containing a putative signal sequence of 31 amino acids. The polypeptide encoded by LASAP1 was highly hydrophilic, while the putative signal peptide was highly hydrophobic. It was predicted that the peptide had a high affinity to the plasma membrane. The deduced amino acid sequence shared a high homology with that of purple APases from germinated seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris and those secreted from Arabidopsis thaliana. Seven amino acids composing the active center of the Phaseolus vulgaris purple APase were conserved in all the homologous APases. Northern blot analysis revealed that the corresponding mRNA accumulated in both shoots and roots under phosphate deficient conditions, and that the amount of transcript in the roots was much larger than that in the shoots. These results suggest that APase encoded by LASAP1 cDNA is expressed predominantly in the roots.
Nosocomial Infections Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Review of Recent Trends (1983)

The role of <it>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</it> in nosocomial infections occurring since 1975 is reviewed. Data from the National Nosocomial Infections Study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control, from individual medical centers, and from the literature were used to compare the relative frequency of occurrence of nosocomial infection caused by <it>P. aeruginosa</it> with that of infection caused by other gram-negative bacilli. The relative frequency of <it>P. aeruginosa</it> as a nosocomial pathogen has increased, although wide variations are seen among individual medical centers. <it>P. aeruginosa</it> continues to be a major pathogen among patients with immunosuppression, cystic fibrosis, malignancy, and trauma. While <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it> has become the predominant pathogen in some large burn centers, <it>P. aeruginosa</it> is the most important gram-negative pathogen. Periodic review of the epidemiology of <it>P. aeruginosa</it> infection is warranted in view of the changing incidence of infection caused by this organism.
A Triassic mygalomorph spider from the northern Vosges, France (1992)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Valuing New Urbanism: The Case of Kentlands (1999)

This study assesses the impact of new urbanism on single‐family home prices. Specifically, we use Duany and Plater‐Zyberk's traditional neighborhood development (TND) of Kentlands and surrounding conventional subdivisions to estimate the premium, if any, that single‐family homeowners are willing to pay to reside in a community with new urbanist features. Using data on 2,061 single‐family home transactions and several hedonic price models, the empirical evidence reveals that consumers are willing to pay a premium to locate in Kentlands.
High-performance laminated thin-film shield with conductors and magnetic material multilayer (2011)

This paper presents a laminated shield consisting of conductors and a magnetic material multilayer. The laminated shield provides a high shielding performance in an ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) band because the magnetic materials have high permeability and multi reflection occurs in the shield. Furthermore, the shielding performance is enhanced at the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency of the magnetic materials because the magnitude of complex permeability is maximized owing to the large imaginary part of permeability. We examined the shielding mechanisms of the laminated shield and a conductor shield by impedance calculation. The shielding performance obtained by impedance calculation coincides with that obtained by finite element method (FEM) simulation. The laminated shield is fabricated using a CoNbZr thin-film layer with a thickness of 0.2 μm and two Cu layers with a thickness of 0.4 μm. The measured shield effectiveness of the laminated thin-film shield is 27 dB higher than that of the conductor shield at a frequency of 470 MHz, which is similar to the results of impedance calculation and FEM simulation.
Location-based handover in cellular IEEE 802.11 networks for Factory Automation (2010)

The use of wireless technologies in Factory Automation is attractive due to several advantages (mobility, cost, etc.); however, to satisfy the requirements of industrial applications, they have to be improved in terms of real-time performance. Handover is a particular weakness in cellular wireless systems, e. g., in IEEE 802.11, since it may introduce delay beyond acceptable bounds. The project “ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">flex</sup> WARE - Flexible Wireless Automation in Real-Time Environments” aims at implementing such an infrastructure based on IEEE 802.11. To enhance overall system performance, it offers a localisation service. In this paper we present the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">flex</sup> WARE handover mechanism which exploits localisation to reduce the discovery phase. A performance evaluation, based on simulation and empirical measurements, shows that the mechanism results in a seamless handover for a class of industrial applications.
A Combined Proteome and Microarray Investigation of Inorganic Phosphate-induced Pre-osteoblast Cells (2005)

Inorganic phosphate, which is generated during osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, has recently been identified as an important signaling molecule capable of altering signal transduction pathways and gene expression. A large scale quantitative proteomic investigation of pre-osteoblasts stimulated with inorganic phosphate for 24 h resulted in the identification of 2501 proteins, of which 410 (16%) had an altered abundance ratio of greater than or equal to 1.75-fold, either up or down, revealing both novel and previously defined osteoblast-regulated proteins. A pathway/function analysis of these proteins revealed an increase in cell cycle and proliferation that was subsequently verified by conventional biochemical means. To further analyze the mechanisms by which inorganic phosphate regulates cellular protein levels, we undertook a mRNA microarray analysis of pre-osteoblast cells at 18, 21, and 24 h after inorganic phosphate exposure. Comparison of the mRNA microarray data with the 24-hour quantitative proteomic data resulted in a generally weak overall correlation; the 21-hour RNA sample showed the highest correlation to the proteomic data. However, an analysis of osteoblast relevant proteins revealed a much higher correlation at all time points. A comparison of the microarray and proteomic datasets allowed for the identification of a number of candidate proteins that are post-transcriptionally regulated by elevated inorganic phosphate, including Fra-1, a member of the activator protein-1 family of transcription factors. The analysis of the data presented here not only sheds new light on the important roles of inorganic phosphate in osteoblast function but also begins to address the contribution of post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation to a cell's expressed proteome. The ability to accurately measure changes in both protein abundance and mRNA levels on a system-wide scale represents a novel means to extract data from previously one-dimensional datasets.