gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An n-3 fatty acid deficiency impairs rat spatial learning in the Barnes maze. (2009)

In this study, the authors demonstrate that rats with n-3 fatty acid deficiency display spatial learning deficits in the Barnes circular maze. Dams were deprived of n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation, and their offspring were weaned to the same deficient diet. There was a 58% loss of brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the n-3 fatty acid-deficient rats in comparison to n-3 fatty acid-adequate rats. At 8 weeks of age, deficient rats demonstrated moderate impairment in Barnes maze performance compared with the n-3 fatty acid-adequate rats during the initial training. In the reversal learning task, the n-3 fatty acid-deficient rats showed a profound deficit in performance: They required more time to find a new position of the escape tunnel, which was accompanied by a higher number of errors and perseverations. The n-3 fatty acid-deficient rats had reduced tissue levels of dopamine in the ventral striatum and enhanced levels of the metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in frontal cortex and hypothalamus. In summary, this study demonstrates that rats with low brain DHA have a deficit in spatial reversal learning that could be related to changes in dopamine transmission in critical brain circuits.
Reduction of Unusual Iron-Sulfur Clusters in the H2-sensing Regulatory Ni-Fe Hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha H16 (2005)

The regulatory Ni-Fe hydrogenase (RH) from Ralstonia eutropha functions as a hydrogen sensor. The RH consists of the large subunit HoxC housing the Ni-Fe active site and the small subunit HoxB containing Fe-S clusters. The heterolytic cleavage of H(2) at the Ni-Fe active site leads to the EPR-detectable Ni-C state of the protein. For the first time, the simultaneous but EPR-invisible reduction of Fe-S clusters during Ni-C state formation was demonstrated by changes in the UV-visible absorption spectrum as well as by shifts of the iron K-edge from x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the wild-type double dimeric RH(WT) [HoxBC](2) and in a monodimeric derivative designated RH(stop) lacking the C-terminal 55 amino acids of HoxB. According to the analysis of iron EXAFS spectra, the Fe-S clusters of HoxB pronouncedly differ from the three Fe-S clusters in the small subunits of crystallized standard Ni-Fe hydrogenases. Each HoxBC unit of RH(WT) seems to harbor two [2Fe-2S] clusters in addition to a 4Fe species, which may be a [4Fe-3S-3O] cluster. The additional 4Fe-cluster was absent in RH(stop). Reduction of Fe-S clusters in the hydrogen sensor RH may be a first step in the signal transduction chain, which involves complex formation between [HoxBC](2) and tetrameric HoxJ protein, leading to the expression of the energy converting Ni-Fe hydrogenases in R. eutropha.
Design of a Plasma Jet Ignition System for Automotive Application (1977)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The development of a plasma jet ignition system based on use of plasma jet spark plugs is described. Particular attention is given to systems design for automotive application. Design data for plasma jet spark plugs are given. Tests on a 37.3 CID single cylinder engine with vapor tank fuel metering indicate that plasma jet ignition produces extension of the lean misfire limit, reduction of ignition delay and burn time, higher NO, and increased torque compared to conventional ignition. Discussion of the electrical power requirements of a plasma jet ignition system is given. Operating experience for a four cylinder 2.3L test vehicle is described.</div>
A synthesis methodology for application-specific logic-in-memory designs (2015)

For deeply scaled digital integrated systems, the power required for transporting data between memory and logic can exceed the power needed for computation, thereby limiting the efficacy of synthesizing logic and compiling memory independently. Logic-in-Memory (LiM) architectures address this challenge by embedding logic within the memory block to perform basic operations on data locally for specific functions. While custom smart memories have been successfully constructed for various applications, a fully automated LiM synthesis flow enables architectural exploration that has heretofore not been possible. In this paper we present a tool and design methodology for LiM physical synthesis that performs co-design of algorithms and architectures to explore system level trade-offs. The resulting layouts and timing models can be incorporated within any physical synthesis tool. Silicon results shown in this paper demonstrate a 250x performance improvement and 310x energy savings for a data-intensive application example.
GaAs Pseudo-Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor with a Heavily Carbon-Doped Base (1991)

A GaAs pseudo-heterojunction bipolar transistor with a heavily carbon-doped base grown by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy was fabricated, and the highest dc current gain of 1.7 was obtained, which evidences band-gap narrowing in the base. However, hole injection from the base to the emitter still cannot be ignored, and the use of a heavily carbon-doped InGaAs base is proposed to improve transistor characteristics.
Acidity and basicity of solids : theory, assessment, and utility (1994)

Historical Perspectives of Acidity and Basicity. Part 1: 4000 B.C.-1800 A.D. Historical Perspectives of Acidity and Basicity. Part 2: 4000 B.C.-1800 A.D. Theory of Acids and Bases. Quantum Mechanical Study of Acid Base Reactions in the Solid State. Acidity and Basicity Concepts: the Density Functional Viewpoint Based on an Atoms-in-Molecules Sensitivity Analysis. The Acid Function in Zeolites. Basicity in Zeolites. The Nature of Lewis Acid Sites of Aluminium Oxide and in Zeolites as Studied by IR Spectra of Adsorbed Hydrogen. Structure and Composition Factors in the Acidity and Basicity of Inorganic Molecular Metal-Oxygen Cluster Catalysts and their Influence on the Surface and Catalytic Properties. The Acidity and Basicity of Solids. Characterization of Broensted and Lewis Acidity by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Characterization of Broensted Acidity of Solids by Rigid-Lattice Broad-Line 1H-NMR. Comparison of Different Zeolites Studied by Two Proton NMR Techniques. Catalytic Chemistry of Perfluorinated Resinsulfonic Acids. The Mechanism of Proton Transfer and the Nature of Protonated Intermediates in Heterogeneous Acid Catalysis. Acid-Base Bifunctional Catalysis. Generation of Acidity in Silicoaluminophosphates. Determination of Silicon Coordination Spheres in SAPO-37 Molecular Sieve with MS-Excel. Importance of Preparation of Acidic and Basic Solid Materials. Regulation of Surface Acidity of Oxidic Carriers Used for the Preparation of Supported Catalysts. Industrial Catalytic Applications of Acidic Molecular Sieves. Application of Solid Acids and Bases to Various Fields.
One-Pot Synthesis of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) Copolymers via Ruthenium Catalyzed Equilibrium Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Hydroxyl Functionalized Cyclopentene (2014)

Well-defined poly(vinyl alcohol-alt-propenylene) (4) was synthesized in one-pot reaction via equilibrium ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) or acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) of nonprotected 3-cyclopentene-1-ol (2) and 1,6-heptadiene-4-ol using (1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene)dichloro(phenylmethylene)(tricyclohexylphosphine)ruthenium (6) and (1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene)dichloro(o-isopropoxyphenylmethylene)ruthenium (7) metathesis catalysts. The activation enthalpy and entropy of the equilibrium ROMP were determined as ΔH = −6.2 kcal mol–1 and ΔS = −18.9 cal mol–1 K–1. The observed thermodynamic parameters were supported by computational studies. The calculated ring strain energy for 2 (−6.8 kcal mol–1) is comparable with the observed activation enthalpy for its equilibrium ROMP reaction catalyzed by 6 or 7. The cis:trans olefinic bond ratio analysis indicated a 20:80 cis:trans selectivity. The hydrogenation of 4 resulted in poly(vinyl alcohol-alt-propylene) (11) in high yield. Because of the similar ring strain energies of cyclopentene (1) and 2, the equilibrium copolymerization results in a polymer having randomly distributed dyads. In general, it means that the polymer formed contains approximately 50% alternating polymer, 25% 3, and 25% 4 homopolymer dyads as expected for a random polymerization.
Brain Lesions in Alcoholics (1993)

Brain lesions in alcoholics are multifactorial in origin. Ethanol neurotoxicity, Wernicke's encephalopathy, hepatocerebral degeneration, head trauma, central pontine myelinolysis, Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome, pellagra, and premorbid pathological conditions, such as fetal alcohol syndrome, may all contribute to cognitive dysfunction in alcoholics. With the exception of ethanol neurotoxicity, all of these conditions are associated with specific neuropathological lesions. Wernicke's encephalopathy, the neurological syndrome of thiamine deficiency, is frequently overlooked during life and may cause global dementia as well as the more familiar Korsakoff's amnestic syndrome. Distinguishing ethanol neurotoxicity from nutritional deficiency can be facilitated by magnetic resonance imaging, which can visualize some of the specific macroscopic lesions of Wernicke's encephalopathy, central pontine myelinolysis, cerebellar degeneration, and Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome. Computerized morphometric studies of alcoholic brains have revealed ventricular enlargement, selective loss of subcortical white matter, and alterations in neuronal size, number, architecture, and synaptic complexity. These lesions tend to be more severe when there is coexisting nutritional deficiency or liver disease, suggesting that ethanol neurotoxicity may not be the sole cause. A search for similar lesions in nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy and nonalcoholic liver disease will help determine the specificity of these lesions.
<i>Principles of Quantum Electronics</i> (1970)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation William S. C. Chang, Nicolaas Bloembergen; Principles of Quantum Electronics. Physics Today 1 March 1970; 23 (3): 83–85. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3022037 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
A new cloth inductor using amorphous fiber (1985)

A new cloth inductor using amorphous magnetic fibers is proposed and discussed on its design and characteristics along with experimental results. The cloth inductor realizes larger inductance per unit volume than that of chip type inductor and therefore is able to be miniaturized. Furthermore, an isolating transformer in cloth structure is fabricated, which acts in the frequency range up to 10 MHz.
Projecting the performance of decision support workloads on systems with smart storage (SmartSTOR) (2002)

Recent developments in both hardware and software have made it worthwhile to consider embedding intelligence in storage to handle general-purpose processing that can be off-loaded from the hosts. In particular, low-cost processing power is now widely available and software can be made robust, secure and mobile. In this paper, we propose a general smart storage (SmartSTOR) architecture in which a processing unit that is coupled to one or more disks can be used to perform such off-loaded processing. A major part of the paper is devoted to understanding the performance potential of the SmartSTOR architecture for decision support workloads. Our analysis suggests that there is a definite performance advantage in using fewer but more powerful processors, a result that bolsters the case for sharing a powerful processor among multiple disks. As for software architecture, we find that the off-loading of database operations that involve only a single relation is not very promising. In order to achieve significant speed-up, we have to consider the off-loading of multiple-relation operations. In general, if embedding intelligence in storage is an inevitable architectural trend, we have to focus on developing parallel software systems that can effectively take advantage of the large number of processing units that will be in the system.
Thermal isomerization of 3,6-dideuterio- and 1,2,7,8,9,9-hexadeuterio-cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,5-triene (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal isomerization of 3,6-dideuterio- and 1,2,7,8,9,9-hexadeuterio-cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,5-trieneJohn E. Baldwin, A. Harry Andrist, and Robert K. Pinschmidt Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 16, 5845–5851Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00771a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00771a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C‐terminal 15 kDa fragment of cytoskeletal actin is posttranslationally <i>N</i>‐myristoylated upon caspase‐mediated cleavage and targeted to mitochondria (2003)

To detect the posttranslational N-myristoylation of caspase substrates, the susceptibility of the newly exposed N-terminus of known caspase substrates to protein N-myristoylation was evaluated by in vivo metabolic labeling with [(3)H]myristic acid in transfected cells using a fusion protein in which the query sequence was fused to a model protein. As a result, it was found that the N-terminal nine residues of the newly exposed N-terminus of the caspase-cleavage product of cytoskeletal actin efficiently direct the protein N-myristoylation. Metabolic labeling of COS-1 cells transiently transfected with cDNA coding for full-length truncated actin (tActin) revealed the efficient incorporation of [(3)H]myristic acid into this molecule. When COS-1 cells transiently transfected with cDNA coding for full-length actin were treated with staurosporine, an apoptosis-inducing agent, an N-myristoylated tActin was generated. Immunofluorescence staining coupled with MitoTracker or fluorescence tagged-phalloidin staining revealed that exogenously expressed tActin colocalized with mitochondria without affecting cellular and actin morphology. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the C-terminal 15 kDa fragment of cytoskeletal actin is posttranslationally N-myristoylated upon caspase-mediated cleavage during apoptosis and targeted to mitochondria.
Designing a System to Analyze Portfolio Risks and to Determine Optimum Margin Requirements (2011)

In this paper, we focus on designing a real-time risk management system. The system will be using CME SPAN and will consist of a multithreaded daemon process to evaluate portfolios using SPAN calculation engines and programs to determine parameters fed to SPAN. SPAN parameters can be estimated by several methods using historical data. One of the goals is to determine the best method for each parameter for every asset class. The other goal is to develop a responsive system to analyze portfolios and orders in real-time and to update the portfolio risks accordingly. Ultimately when these two parts are combined, we‟ll be constructing a real-time system to evaluate portfolio risks and to determine optimum margin requirements. General Terms Finance, exchanges, computer aided decision making
17beta-estradiol suppresses TLR3-induced cytokine and chemokine production in endometrial epithelial cells (2005)

The data presented in this study are the first indication that E2 can markedly alter the innate immune response to dsRNA, providing a previously unreported process by which E2 can alter immune responses.
Design and Implementation of a Prolog-to-C Compiler. (1994)

This communication will describe the electron doping effect into Ni(III) complexes by Cu(II) ions, [Ni(1-x)Cu(x)(chxn)(2)Br]Br(2-x) (x = 0.038 and 0.101) by using an electrochemical oxidation method. A drastic increase of electrical conductivity as well as a new absorption band around 0.5 eV in single crystal reflectance spectra was observed by doping Cu(II) ions, indicating the electron doping was successfully made. An ESR result shows unpaired electrons locate in the d(x2-y2) orbitals of Cu(II) and have almost no interaction with those of other ions.
Structural Investigation of “cis” and “trans” Vinylogous Peptides:  <i>cis</i>-Vinylog Turn in Folded <i>cis</i>-Vinylogous Peptides, an Excellent Mimic of the Natural β-Turn (2005)

[structure: see text] Various sequences of modified peptides including those containing a cis- or trans-vinylogous residue have been studied using X-ray diffraction in the solid state and 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy in solution. A cis-vinylogous residue promotes an NH to CO intramolecular H-bond, closing a nine-membered pseudocycle that stabilizes a folded moiety that we proposed to name the cis-vinylogous turn. A trans-vinylogous residue involves an extended conformation. Two consecutive vinylogous residues retain their own structural propensity: "Xaa(tr)"-"Xaa(cis)" or "Xaa(cis)"-"Xaa(tr)" sequence is singly folded, whereas "Xaa(cis)"-"Xaa(cis)" sequence is doubly folded. Oligo vinylogs with all-trans or all-cis or alternating cis-trans motifs could constitute new classes of foldamers.
Corrosion and Tarnish of Dental Silver-based Alloys in 0.1% Na2S and Ringer's solutions (1989)

The corrosion behavior of three silver-based alloys, Ag-Sn-Zn, Ag-In, and Ag-Pd-Cu, were investigated by potentiodynamic anodic polarization analysis and the polarization resistance method in 0.1% Na2S and Ringer's solutions. The corrosion activity of the Ag-Sn-Zn alloy was higher in Ringer's solution than in the 0.1% Na2S solution. In contrast, the corrosion rate of the Ag-Pd-Cu alloy was approximately 500 times higher in the 0.1% Na2S solution than in Ringer's solution. The results show that the generally accepted concept that tarnish is merely a surface discoloration due to the deposition of insoluble products is inadequate. The alloy discolors while being severely attacked in the presence of sulfides. For the Ag-In alloy, the corrosion activity in the 0.1% Na2S solution was as high as in Ringer's solution. These silver-based alloys exhibit different electrochemical activities in different solutions. The test solutions for corrosion tests must be carefully chosen for each alloy system through a screening test to replicate the predominant corrosion reaction proceeding in the oral environment.
Numerical Prediction of Conjugate Heat Transfer in Fluid Network (2011)

An unsteady finite volume procedure for conjugate heat transfer in flow network that takes into account the longitudinal conduction through the solid is presented. It uses a fully coupled approach in which the governing equations for solid and fluid are coupled through solid to fluid heat transfer that is expressed as a function of flow properties and temperature of solid. As an evaluation of the proposed technique, a chilldown problem for a cryogenic transfer line is formulated and solved. Test cases modeling transient flow of liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid nitrogen (LN2) under saturated and subcooled liquid conditions are presented. The effects of varying the inlet driving pressure on the chilldown time and flow rates have been evaluated. Increasing the driving pressure decreased the chilldown time and increased the flow rate. Subcooling the inlet cryogen further reduced the chilldown time. Numerical predictions are compared with available experimental data and are found to be in good agreement. The proposed model captures the essential features of conjugate heat transfer and provides an efficient and robust way for predicting chilldown of transfer line at a low computational cost.
Automatic generation of fuzzy control rule by machine learning methods (2002)

This paper presents a multi-strategy learning technique for automatic generation of fuzzy control rules. In order to eliminate irrelevant input variables and to prioritize relevant ones according to their influences on the output value(s), the ID3 algorithm is adopted to classify the given set of training I/O data. The resulting decision tree can be easily converted into IF-THEN rules, which are then fuzzified. The fuzzy rules are further improved by tuning the parameters that define their membership functions using the gradient-descent approach. Experimental results of applying the proposed technique to nonlinear system identification have shown improvements over previous work in the area. In addition, it has been successfully applied to mobile robot control in unknown environments.
Accurate interlaminar stress recovery from finite element analysis (1994)

The accuracy and robustness of a two-dimensional smoothing methodology is examined for the problem of recovering accurate interlaminar shear stress distributions in laminated composite and sandwich plates. The smoothing methodology is based on a variational formulation which combines discrete least-squares and penalty-constraint functionals in a single variational form. The smoothing analysis utilizes optimal strains computed at discrete locations in a finite element analysis. These discrete strain data are smoothed with a smoothing element discretization, producing superior accuracy strains and their first gradients. The approach enables the resulting smooth strain field to be practically C1-continuous throughout the domain of smoothing, exhibiting superconvergent properties of the smoothed quantity. The continuous strain gradients are also obtained directly from the solution. The recovered strain gradients are subsequently employed in the integration o equilibrium equations to obtain accurate interlaminar shear stresses. The problem is a simply-supported rectangular plate under a doubly sinusoidal load. The problem has an exact analytic solution which serves as a measure of goodness of the recovered interlaminar shear stresses. The method has the versatility of being applicable to the analysis of rather general and complex structures built of distinct components and materials, such as found in aircraft design. For these types of structures, the smoothing is achieved with 'patches', each patch covering the domain in which the smoothed quantity is physically continuous.