gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipid peroxidation and its role in atherosclerosis (1993)

A crucial step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is believed to be the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL). The oxidation of LDL is a free radical driven lipid peroxidation process and the aldehyde products of lipid hydroperoxide breakdown are responsible for the modification of the LDL apoprotein. Aldehyde-modified apoB protein has altered receptor affinity, causing it to be scavenged by macrophages in an uncontrolled manner with the development of foam cells and the initiation of the atherosclerotic lesion. The aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation may also be involved in other aspects of the development of the lesion. The oxidation of LDL may be prevented by its endogenous antioxidant compounds, most prominent of which is alpha-tocopherol. Consequently, an improved antioxidant status may offer possibilities for the prevention of this major disease.
Accurate identification for control: the necessity of an iterative scheme (1992)

If approximate identification and model-based control design are used to accomplish a high-performance control system, then the two procedures must be treated as a joint problem. Solving this joint problem by means of separate identification and control design procedures practically entails an iterative scheme. A frequency-response identification technique and a robust control design method are used to set up such an iterative scheme. Each identification step uses the previously designed controller to obtain new data from the plant. The associated identification problem has been solved by means of a coprime factorization of the unknown plant. The technique's utility is illustrated by an example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Soluble polysaccharide and biomass of red microalga<i>Porphyridium</i>sp. alter intestinal morphology and reduce serum cholesterol in rats (2000)

The present study investigated the effects of the red microalga Porphyridium sp. on gastrointestinal physiology and lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Diets containing dietary fibre from pelleted red microalgal cells (biomass) or their sulfated polysaccharide, pectin or cellulose (control) were fed to rats for a period of 30 d. All three fibre-supplemented diets increased the length of both the small intestine and colon, with a significantly greater effect in rats fed the algal polysaccharide. The polysaccharide also increased mucosa and muscularis cross-sectional area of the jejunum, and caused hypertrophy in the muscularis layer. The algal biomass significantly lowered gastrointestinal transit time by 44% in comparison with the control rats. Serum and mucosal cholecystokinin levels were lower in rats on the pectin and polysaccharide diets, while cholecystokinin levels in rats fed algal biomass were not different from those in the control animals. In comparison with the control diet, all the experimental diets significantly lowered serum cholesterol levels (22-29%). Feeding of non-fermentable algal polysaccharide or biomass significantly increased faecal weight and bile acid excretion compared with pectin-fed or control rats. The algal polysaccharide and biomass were thus shown to be potent hypocholesterolaemic agents active at low concentrations in the diet. Both metabolic and morphological changes were observed following consumption of algae, suggesting several possible mechanisms by which the alga affects lipid metabolism. The results presented in the present study encourage the use of red microalga as a functional food.
Analyse d'un systeme d'imagerie 3d par reconstruction a partir de radiographies x en geometrie conique (1987)

Description d'un cadre theorique original fonde sur la transformation de radon. Dans ce nouvel espace de representation il devient possible, par une operation de rearrangement, de redistribuer les valeurs integrales associees aux plans, du systeme de coordonnees lie aux positions de source sur le systeme de coordonnees spheriques du domaine. Pour assurer ce changement d'espace deux formules sont proposees. Il est ensuite analyse l'influence d'un bruit blanc sur les mesures. Il est recherche en particulier a partir de quel niveau une difference sur une valeur reconstruie sera significative et a partir de quelle taille un objet comme sera detecte. Grace a ce modele statistique, il est possible d'evaluer les limites physiques introduites par le bruit photoniquue. Les traitements numeriques permettant de realiser sur calculateur les schemas d'inversion sont decrits
Performance Evaluation of SVM and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm over Medical Data set (2012)

In this age of computer science each and every thing becomes intelligent and perform task as human. For that purpose there are various tools, techniques and methods are proposed. Support vector machine is a model for statistics and computer science, to perform supervised learning, methods that are used to make analysis of data and recognize patterns. SVM is mostly used for classification and regression analysis. And in the same way k-nearest neighbor algorithm is a classification algorithm used to classify data using training examples. In this paper we use SVM and KNN algorithm to classify data and get prediction (find hidden patterns) for target. Here we use medical patients nominal data to classify and discover the data pattern to predict future disease, Uses data mining which is use to classify text analysis in future.
A scoring, truthing, and registration toolkit for ATR evaluation (2003)

Every year, large volumes of imagery are collected for the sole purpose of evaluating Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) algorithms. However, this data cannot be used without adequate truthing information for each image. Truthing information typically consists of the types and locations of the targets present in the imagery. Specifying this information for a large number of images is tedious, time consuming, and error prone. In this paper, we present a complete truthing system we call the Scoring, Truthing, And Registration Toolkit (START). The first component is registration, which involves aligning heterogeneous and homogenous sensor images of the same scene to a common reference frame. Once that reference frame has been determined, the second component, truthing, is used to specify target identity, position, orientation, and other scene characteristics. The final component, scoring, is used to assess the performance of a given algorithm as compared to the specified truth. The scoring module allows statistical comparisons to assess algorithm sensitivity to specific operating conditions (e.g., sensitive to object occlusion).
Hybrid Protection based on Pyroswitch and Fuse Technologies for DC Applications (2016)

Fuses and Circuit Breakers play an important safety role in electrical transportation systems. Challenging new applications, especially in DC, have brought conventional current limiting devices to their limits. Indeed, mechanical circuit breakers may be too slow to open for networks with large DC fault currents. On the other hand, fuses may be too slow to open with very low DC fault currents. For AC applications, the natural zero crossing will help clear fault currents. In DC applications, the no natural zero crossing makes clearing faults by conventional current limiting technologies difficult. This paper presents a new solution to protect DC transportation using a fuse and pyroswitch hybrid system. This will apply to PV generation, energy storage, Electric Vehicles.
The effect of ibuprofen on accumulation of indium-111-labeled platelets and leukocytes in experimental myocardial infarction. (1982)

To assess the ability of ibuprofen to influence the extent of platelet aggregation and leukocyte infiltration during acute myocardial infarction, autologous indium-111 (111-In)-labeled platelets or leukocytes were injected before 60 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) occlusion, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion in the canine heart. Myocardial infarct size, as a percent of the area at risk, was reduced in the ibuprofen-treated group (12.5 mg/kg i.v. every 4 hours beginning 30 minutes before LCx occlusion) by 40%, from 48 +/- 4% in control animals to 29 +/- 4% in ibuprofen-treated dogs (p = 0.005). Quantification of the platelet-associated 111In radioactivity in irreversibly injured myocardium indicated that ibuprofen did not alter the accumulation of platelets in infarcted myocardium. In contrast, leukocyte accumulation in infarcted tissue was reduced significantly. In tissue samples with 0.41-0.60 gram infarct, the infarcted/normal ratio of leukocyte radioactivity was 12 +/- 2 in control dogs and 4 +/- 1 in ibuprofen-treated dogs, which represents a 67% reduction in leukocyte accumulation in ibuprofen-treated compared with control dogs. Similar reductions were found in other gram-infarct-weight categories. Although both platelets and leukocytes accumulate in infarcted canine myocardium, ibuprofen may exert its beneficial effect on ischemic myocardium by suppressing the inflammatory response associated with myocardial ischemia and infarction.
Micellar aggregates and hydrogels from phosphonobile salts (2005)

The aggregation properties of novel bile acid analogs-phosphonobile salts (PBS)-have been studied. The critical micellar concentration of 23 and 24-phosphonobile salts were measured using fluorescence and 31P NMR methods. All the ten synthesized phosphonobile salts formed gels at different pH ranges in water. The pH range at which individual PBSs could gelate water was narrow and influenced by the number and conformation of hydroxyl groups. A reversible thermochromic system has been developed (with 23-phosphonodeoxycholate at pH 3.3), which changes color upon gelation. The investigation of the first hydrogels derived from trihydroxy bile acid analogs 1 and 6 was made using fluorescence, 31P NMR, X-ray crystallography, circular dichroism and SEM. The present studies reveal that the gel network consists of a chiral, fibrous structure possessing hydrophobic interiors.
A change from rate-determining bromination to geometric isomerisation of pyridylhydrazones (1973)

The rate-determining step in the bromination of aldehydic 4-pyridylhydrazones has been identified as isomerisation of the predominant E-isomer (in which the large groups are trans) to the more reactive Z-isomer. Substituent and temperature effects favour a transition state with considerable rotational character. The Z-isomer was isolated in one case (pyridine-2-carbaldehyde 4-pyridylhydrazone) and shown to brominate rapidly as expected. The change in rate-determining step from bromination to isomerisation in closely related hydrazones is discussed. Representative novel 4-pyridylhydrozonyl bromides, which were formed on bromination, were isolated and characterised.
ChemInform Abstract: FRIEDEL‐CRAFTS REACTIONS OF Γ‐ARYL‐Γ‐LACTONES (1982)

Abstract Friedel‐Crafts‐Reaktionen der Lactone (I) mit Benzol in Gegenwart von überschüssigem AlCl 3 führen zu den Säuren (II).
Amino acid metabolism during prolonged starvation (1969)

Plasma concentration, splanchnic and renal exchange, and urinary excretion of 20 amino acids were studied in obese subjects during prolonged (5-6 wk) starvation. Splanchnic amino acid uptake was also investigated in postabsorptive and briefly (36-48 hr) fasted subjects.A transient increase in plasma valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, and alpha-aminobutyrate was noted during the 1st wk of starvation. A delayed, progressive increase in glycine, threonine, and serine occurred after the 1st 5 days. 13 of the amino acids ultimately decreased in starvation, but the magnitude of this diminution was greatest for alanine which decreased most rapidly during the 1st week of fasting. In all subjects alanine was extracted by the splanchnic circulation to a greater extent than all other amino acids combined. Brief fasting resulted in an increased arterio-hepatic venous difference for alanine due to increased fractional extraction. After 5-6 wk of starvation, a marked falloff in splanchnic alanine uptake was attributable to the decreased arterial concentration. Prolonged fasting resulted in increased glycine utilization by the kidney and in net renal uptake of alanine. It is concluded that the marked decrease in plasma alanine is due to augmented and preferential splanchnic utilization of this amino acid in early starvation resulting in substrate depletion. Maintenance of the hypoalaninemia ultimately serves to diminish splanchnic uptake of this key glycogenic amino acid and is thus an important component of the regulatory mechanism whereby hepatic gluconeogenesis is diminished and protein catabolism is minimized in prolonged fasting. The altered renal extraction of glycine and alanine is not due to increased urinary excretion but may be secondary to the increased rate of renal gluconeogenesis observed in prolonged starvation.
The Plasma Membrane-associated Sialidase MmNEU3 Modifies the Ganglioside Pattern of Adjacent Cells Supporting Its Involvement in Cell-to-Cell Interactions (2004)

We describe herein the enzyme behavior of MmNEU3, the plasma membrane-associated sialidase from mouse (Mus musculus). MmNEU3 is localized at the plasma membrane as demonstrated directly by confocal microscopy analysis. In addition, administration of the radiolabeled ganglioside GD1a to MmNEU3-transfected cells, under conditions that prevent lysosomal activity, led to its hydrolysis into ganglioside GM1, further indicating the plasma membrane topology of MmNEU3. Metabolic labeling with [1-(3)H]sphingosine allowed the characterization of the ganglioside patterns of COS-7 cells. MmNEU3 expression in COS-7 cells led to an extensive modification of the cell ganglioside pattern, i.e. GM3 and GD1a content was decreased to about one-third compared with mock-transfected cells. At the same time, a 35% increase in ganglioside GM1 content was observed. Mixed culture of MmNEU3-transfected cells with [1-(3)H]sphingosine-labeled cells demonstrates that the enzyme present at the cell surface is able to recognize gangliosides exposed on the membrane of nearby cells. Under these experimental conditions, the extent of ganglioside pattern changes was a function of MmNEU3 transient expression. Overall, the variations in GM3, GD1a, and GM1 content were very similar to those observed in the case of [1-(3)H]sphingosine-labeled MmNEU3-transfected cells, indicating that the enzyme mainly exerted its activity toward ganglioside substrates present at the surface of neighboring cells. These results indicate that the plasma membrane-associated sialidase MmNEU3 is able to hydrolyze ganglioside substrates in intact living cells at a neutral pH, mainly through cell-to-cell interactions.
Design of a Solar Thermal Power-Propulsion System for a Small Satellite (2015)

Besides chemical, cold gas and electric propulsion, solar thermal propulsion (STP) provides an alternative approach to spacecraft propulsion.This technology can also be adapted to provide power to the spacecraft by converting a part of the totally available thermal energy into electrical energy.If combined, one can build a solar thermal power-propulsion hybrid system.This thesis focuses on a system for a small satellite with a dry mass of 200 kg and a bus volume of 1 m 3 .The propulsion subsystem concerns a primary and secondary solar concentrator, a receiver/absorber cavity (RAC), a heat exchange mechanism between absorber and propellant, a propellant storage and feed system, a thruster chamber and a thruster nozzle.The power subsystem consists of an interface between the absorber and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger which heats up the working fluid in the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power subsystem, a turbine which provides the power and a condenser which dissipates a part of the heat in the working fluid.Finally, a small pump is used to force the cold fluid to the heat exchanger and increase the pressure of the fluid.A Design, Analysis and Optimization (DAO) tool has been built to model the hybrid system.Results from the tool have yielded performances of particular designs and have provided answers whether such a system is feasible and offers advantages over conventional power and propulsion subsystems.The DAO model consists of a solar flux and orbit model to calculate the orbit characteristics and available solar flux.The thermal and thruster models subsequently calculate the temperature of the thermal nodes of the system as well as the propulsive performance.Nine thermal nodes have been used to calculate the temperatures from solar concentrators to the interface between absorber and ORC heat exchanger.These nodes have been divided in a total of 17 sub-nodes.After model integration a long iterative cycle has been performed where different design variables have been changed to evaluate design-performance relations.These variables include the type of propellant, material choices for the thermal nodes, shape of the absorber, shape of the thruster nozzle as well as the width and length of the different nodes.A maximum of three orbits is simulated to limit computing time.Thrust is assumed to be generated during that entire time to achieve a worst-case scenario.Within those three orbits eclipse is taken into account.During those eclipse periods propellant flow is interrupted whereas power generation continues.
Sequence at the Site of Attachment of an Affinity‐Label Derivative of Puromycin on 23‐S Ribosomal RNA of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Ribosomes (1978)

The puromycin analogue, 5′ O ‐( N ‐bromoacetyl‐ p ‐aminophenylphosphoryl)‐3′‐ N ‐L‐phenylalanyl puromycin aminonucleoside, acts as an affinity label in covalently binding to 23‐S RNA in the active centre of peptidyl transferase of Escherichia coli ribosomes [Greenwell, P., Harris, R. J. & Symons, R. H. (1974) Eur. J. Biochem. 49 , 539–554]. The sequence of a pentanucleotide fragment of 23‐S RNA to which the affinity label is attached has now been determined. In an attempt to determine the nucleotide residue to which the affinity label was attached, a 32 P‐labelled affinity label was reacted with ribosomal RNA, poly(A), poly(C), poly(G) and poly(U) under the conditions used for affinity labelling of ribosomes. However, no specific reaction occurred, confirming our earlier observation that this required the functional integrity of the ribosome. An alternative approach of affinity labelling ribosomes labelled by incubating E. coli in the presence of [ 3 H]adenosine, [ 3 H]cytidine, [ 3 H]guanosine or [ 3 H]uridine, showed that the affinity label was attached to a CMP residue. Affinity‐labelled oligonucleotide fragments were purified for sequence analysis as follows. The free α‐amino group of the affinity‐label molecule attached to 23‐S ribosomal [ 32 P]RNA was coupled to biotin by reaction with the N ‐hydroxysuccinimide ester of biotin. After digestion of the RNA with either ribonuclease A or T 1 , the basic protein avidin was added to form the avidin · biotin – affinity‐label‐oligonucleotide fragment. Stepwise chromatography on phosphocellulose, followed (after dissociation of the avidin) by electrophoresis on DEAE‐cellulose at pH 1.9 gave substantial purification of the biotin–affinity‐label‐oligonucleotide. From the nucleotide composition of the purified ribonuclease A and T 1 fragments, the pentanucleotide sequence of G‐U‐C*‐C‐Gp was obtained, where C* represents C modified by the affinity label.
Disparity map refinement and 3D surface smoothing via Directed Anisotropic Diffusion (2009)

We propose a new binocular stereo algorithm and 3D reconstruction method from multiple disparity images. First, we present an accurate binocular stereo algorithm. In our algorithm, we use neither color segmentation nor plane fitting methods, which are common techniques among many algorithms nominated in the Middlebury ranking. These methods assume that the 3D world consists of a collection of planes and that each segment of a disparity map obeys a plane equation. We exclude these assumptions and introduce a Directed Anisotropic Diffusion technique for refining a disparity map. Second, we show a method to fill some holes in a distance map and smooth the reconstructed 3D surfaces by using another type of Anisotropic Diffusion technique. The evaluation results on the Middlebury datasets show that our stereo algorithm is competitive with other algorithms that adopt plane fitting methods. We present an experiment that shows the high accuracy of a reconstructed 3D model using our method, and the effectiveness and practicality of our proposed method in a real environment.
A supporting platform for new generation of EMS based on PC cluster (2008)

This paper introduces a PC cluster based supporting platform, called Wide Logic Grid (WLGrid), for New generation of EMS. This platform has an open and loosely coupling plug-in architecture, which allows components developed individually to be easily plugged into the system. A Component-Based Development (CBD) pattern is used to develop this platform, which can make software modules loosely coupled and easy to be integrated together. And the master/slave architecture is used to distribute tasks among PCs in the cluster. Resorting to “Active Object” pattern, different calculation tasks are encapsulated and calculated in parallel. “Broadcast” technology is used to locate the computation resource dynamically, which gives high flexibility in resource management. A member in the PC cluster can replace the role of others if necessary. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology is used to accelerate synchronization of large bulk of data in the PC cluster. This WLGrid has been implemented in a real power system control center in China.
Development of Twin-type Resistorless Power Supply for Electrical Discharge Machining. (2002)

A new resistorless power supply equipped with twin generators is developed for electrical discharge machining Each generator has no resistor but has a coil, a group of transistors and diodes to restrict the discharge current The two generators are operated alternately, thus generating two triangular currents with a time lag. The two currents are summed on a tool electrode, and consequently, a smooth current is generated. This power supply has the following advantages: 1) There is no power dissipation of the resistors. 2) The required power supply is small. 3) The current wave is smooth and it is easy to generate not only a high current but also a low current for finish machining. 4) It is easy to change the current waveform and the rise time of the current, by controlling the on/off duty ratio of the transistors. The principle and tested results of this power supply are described.
Computing 3-D Motion in Custom Analog and Digital VLSI (1994)

This thesis examines a complete design framework for a real-time, autonomous system with specialized VLSI hardware for computing 3-D camera motion. In the proposed architecture, the first step is to determine point correspondences between two images. Two processors, a CCD array edge detector and a mixed analog/digital binary block correlator, are proposed for this task. The report is divided into three parts. Part I covers the algorithmic analysis; part II describes the design and test of a 32x32 CCD edge detector fabricated through MOSIS; and part III compares the design of the mixed analog/digital correlator to a fully digital implementation.
A Low-Latency and Low-Cost Montgomery Modular Multiplier Based on NLP Multiplication (2019)

In this brief, a non-least positive form (NLP) based modular multiplication method that combines Karatsuba and schoolbook multiplication is applied in Montgomery modular multiplication, which saves 2 base multiplications compared to Karatsuba-only designs and allows pipeline structure to make most use of the parallelism in large modular multiplications. Based on this method, 256-bit and 512-bit modular multipliers are constructed with 3-way and 4-way NLP multipliers on FPGA platform. Implemented on Virtex-6, the 256-bit design can perform a modular multiplication in 62.6 ns and only requires 3.5K LUTs and 24 DSPs, which exhibits low-latency and low-cost among previous works.