gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The study on the woofer speaker characteristics due to design parameters (2014)

In the vehicle speaker, because the sound characteristics are changed by the space of vehicle which mount the speaker, the speaker elements should be determined according to sound field. In this study, the nonlinear characteristics, the frequency response and the sound pressure for the same size speakers which is adapted to domestic vehicle model are investigated. The vehicle model is classified to semi-midsize, midsized, full size vehicle in order to change the vehicle space. As a result, we can investigate the differences of the force factor and the stiffness of suspension system for speaker. According to the change of the speaker characteristics, the sound pressure is changed, also. In the future, these data will be used to investigate the correlation between the sound quality and measurement data.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stereodefined 1‐Aryl(heteroaryl) Substituted 1,2‐Bis(2‐bromopyridin‐3‐yl)ethenes by Selective Tandem Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Volcano optimizer generator: extensibility and efficient search (2002)

The Volcano project, which provides efficient, extensible tools for query and request processing, particularly for object-oriented and scientific database systems, is reviewed. In particular, one of its tools, the optimizer generator, is discussed. The data model, logical algebra, physical algebra, and optimization rules are translated by the optimizer generator into optimizer source code. It is shown that, compared with the EXODUS optimizer generator prototype, the search engine of the Volcano optimizer generator is more extensible and powerful. It provides effective support for non-trivial cost models and for physical properties such as sorting order. At the same time, it is much more efficient, as it combines dynamic programming with goal-directed searching and branch-and-bound pruning. Compared with other rule-based optimization systems, it provides complete data model independence and more natural extensibility.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
DHPLC analysis of the MECP2 gene in Italian Rett patients (2001)

Rett Syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder, which almost exclusively affects girls, with an estimated prevalence of one in 10,000-15,000 female births. Mutations in the methyl CpG binding protein 2 gene (MECP2) have been identified in roughly 75% of classical Rett girls. The vast majority of Rett cases (99%) are sporadic in origin, and are due to de novo mutations. We collected DNA samples from 50 Italian classical Rett girls, and screened the MECP2 coding region for mutations by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and subsequent direct sequencing. DHPLC is a recently developed method for mutation screening which identifies heteroduplexes formed in DNA samples containing mismatches between wild type and mutant DNA strands, combining high sensitivity, reduced cost per run, and high throughput. In our series, 19 different de novo MECP2 mutations, eight of which were previously unreported, were found in 35 out of 50 Rett girls (70%). Seven recurrent mutations were characterized in a total of 22 unrelated cases. Initial DHPLC screening allowed the identification of 17 out of 19 different mutations (90%); after optimal conditions were established, this figure increased to 100%, with all recurrent MECP2 mutations generating a characteristic chromatographic profile. Detailed clinical data were available for 27 out of 35 mutation carrying Rett girls. Milder disease was detectable in patients carrying nonsense mutation as compared to patients carrying missense mutations, although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.077).
Pyripyropenes, Novel ACAT Inhibitors Produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. IV. Structure Elucidation of Pyripyropenes M to R. (1996)

Six new pyripyropenes, M to R, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of the jar fermentation broth of Aspergillus fumigatus FO-1289-2501. Structural elucidation indicated that all the pyripyropenes have the same pyridino-α-pyrone sesquiterpene core as pyripyropenes A to L. Among them pyripyropene M showed the most potent inhibition against acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase activity with an IC50 value of 3.80μM in rat liver microsomes, but pyripyropenes N to R showed moderate inhibitory activity (IC50 11.0-78.0μM).
Electrical Characteristics/Reliability Affected by Defects Analyzed by the Integrated Evaluation Platform for SiC Epitaxial Films (2014)

The Integrated Evaluation Platform for SiC wafers and epitaxial films is established and provide TDDB reliability data such as Q bd . Accumulated numerous Q bd data derived from the platform shows three discrete universal distributions (D1>D2>D3) mainly affected by step bunching. On the fairly flat surface, locally spreading step-bunching area formation is caused by the scratches on the CMP surface. The step-bunching area contains large number of step-bunching lines, which correspond to trapezoid-shape defects, stretching in a low along the scratches. Only the downstream bases of the trapezoid-shape defects degrade the Q bd into D2 from D1 on the flat surface without step bunching.
Lunar/Mars In-Situ Propellant Production (ISPP) Technology: Development Roadmap (1997)

The mission strategy used in the ISPP Roadmap for human exploration in the 21st Century is still very preliminary, but covers human exploration of both the Moon and Mars. The mission strategy for lunar exploration begins with a simple, short term lunar surface stay in 2003. The first mission would last only a few days and consist primarily of existing technology; however, long duration landers and habitats, and nuclear transfer stages would be demonstrated on other missions. For missions to Mars, human exploration would begin with the launch of an unmanned habitat and return stage in 2009 to support the first human mission to Mars in 2011. The 2009 return lander would include an ISPP plant to produce the propellant needed for ascent from the Mars surface before the first human crew left Earth in 2011. Robotic orbiters and landers to help define the environment and surface conditions as well as perform engineering demonstrations of key technologies are also an integral part of these mission strategies.
Fibroblast Growth Factors in Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis (1999)

Based on their wide spectrum of target cells, FGF family members have been suspected of playing important roles in many biological events. Some members of the FGF family are potent mitogens for a large number of cell types of the mesodermal and neuroectodermal lineage, and thus could be responsible for the proliferative stimulus in tumors derived from these cells. At the same time, some of the FGFs are mitogenic for endothelial cells, and are capable of promoting tumor angiogenesis. It is therefore difficult to separate the functional role of FGFs in tumorigenesis from their role in tumor angiogenesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Amino Ketones Using Chiral RuCl<sub>2</sub>(diphosphine)(1,2‐diamine) Complexes. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Systemic Acquired Resistance and Susceptibility to Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato (1996)

Changes in host suitability of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum 'Celebrity') to host-incompatible Meloidogyne incognita and host-compatible M. hapla were determined after concomitant and sequential inoculations of split-root assays. Initially, infective second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. hapla or M. incognita were applied to one-half of split-root systems, and 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 days later, the other half was challenge-inoculated with the same or other species. Each challenge-inoculation had a corresponding control in which the same nematode species was applied to only one-half of a split-root system. Host suitability, based on nematode eggs (Pf) per unit of initial inoculum density (Pi) of 2,000 J2, was determined 60 days after challenge-infection. Prior inoculation with M. incognita significantly suppressed reproduction of challenge M. hapla applied 5 days after or later. Reproduction ratios (Pf/Pi) of challenge M. hapla were 20, 13, 6, 5, and 4, whereas corresponding controls were 21, 18, 17, 15, and 12. Concomitant inoculations with both species did not alter host suitability to either species nor did sequential inoculations with M. incognita as both prior and challenge species. Prior inoculation with M. hapla significantly enhanced reproduction of challenge M. incognita about four times relative to controls. These results indicate that prior infection of plants with incompatible or compatible nematode species induced systemic resistance or susceptibility, respectively, to later nematode infections.
Unified Resource Manager virtualization management (2012)

The IBM zEnterprise® 196 introduces the IBM zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager (zManager) that allows customers to manage a collection of one or more zEnterprise nodes including any optionally attached IBM zEnterprise BladeCenter® Extensions (zBX) as a single logical virtualized system using a hardware management console (HMC). The HMC and Support Elements provide a user interface through which the data-center personnel can deploy, configure, monitor, manage, and maintain the integrated System z® and zBX hardware and software resources based on heterogeneous architectures in a unified manner. In addition to providing the provisioning and the life-cycle management for the physical and virtual resources, the HMC owns the configuration and workload policy information that zManager uses to optimize and adjust resources for all members of the ensemble in accordance with user-defined goals and priorities. This paper describes the details of the virtualization management integration covered by the zManager.
Polymyxins Revisited (2008)

The global emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli has spurred a renewed interest in polymyxins. Once discarded due to concerns regarding nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, polymyxins now hold an important role in the antibiotic armamentarium. However, more reliable information is needed to determine the optimal dosing of these agents. Also, unanswered questions regarding in vitro testing remain, including questions regarding the reliability of automated systems and the establishment of appropriate breakpoints for defining susceptibility. Most contemporary clinical studies examining the use of these agents have involved patients with infections due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains. It has been reassuring that polymyxin therapy for resistant bacteria has resulted in clinical responses and toxicity rates similar to those for carbapenem therapy for susceptible isolates. While most surveillance studies demonstrated high rates of susceptibility, several reports noted the emergence of polymyxin-resistant nosocomial pathogens. Polymyxins have assumed an important antibiotic niche for therapy for hospital-acquired infections; further studies defining the optimal use of these agents will likely extend the duration of their clinical usefulness.
Requirements for automatic event analysis in substation automation systems (2004)

The analysis of different power system events is important for the successful operation of the system and the optimal design and configuration of protection and control systems. The paper analyzes the types of system events, available data sources and requirements for the development of hierarchical event analysis systems. The need for common record formats and configuration data are discussed. The importance of accurate time-synchronization and methods to achieve it is also described.
The role of interleukin-1 in general pathology (2019)

Interleukin-1, an inflammatory cytokine, is considered to have diverse physiological functions and pathological significances and play an important role in health and disease. In this decade, interleukin-1 family members have been expanding and evidence is accumulating that highlights the importance of interleukin-1 in linking innate immunity with a broad spectrum of diseases beyond inflammatory diseases. In this review, we look back on the definition of "inflammation" in traditional general pathology and discuss new insights into interleukin-1 in view of its history and the molecular bases of diseases, as well as current progress in therapeutics.
Notes on mineralization at Crestmore, California (1937)

Recently, in connection with short field trips to the Crestmore quarries\nseveral interesting specimens have been collected which reveal some\nphases of mineralization heretofore unrecorded.
Design and Verification of Cache Memory Decoder for High Speed Multicore Processor (2010)

Multi-core processing is a growing industry trend as single core processors rapidly reach the physical limits of possible complexity and speed. In case of single core processors, the increased performance incurs the more heating and cooling arrangements, as heating is a consequence of power dissipation. The cache design in existing SMT and superscalar processors is optimized for latency, but not for bandwidth. The size of the L1 data cache did not scale over the Past decade. Instead, larger unified L2 and L3 caches were introduced. The present project is the part of the L3 cache. This paper describes last level cache memory decoding structure, which is designed mainly to improve the timing, reduce the power consumption and better performance. Functional verification as well as pre layout and post layout STA and ERC verifications are done on the 4MB cache. Results of each verification flow are presented. Based on the SDP methodology, good placement and routing, RC extraction, and noise analysis are achieved. SDP methodology is proven better than the RLS methodology for data path configurations. Intel Specific tools are used for performing the verification of SDP flows.
CD16a with oligomannose-type N-glycans is the only “low-affinity” Fc γ receptor that binds the IgG crystallizable fragment with high affinity in vitro (2018)

Fc γ receptors (FcγRs) bind circulating IgG (IgG1) at the surface of leukocytes. Antibodies clustered at the surface of a targeted particle trigger a protective immune response through activating FcγRs. Three recent reports indicate that the composition of the asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains (<i>N</i>-glycans) of FcγRIIIa/CD16a impacted IgG1-binding affinity. Here we determined how <i>N</i>-glycan composition affected the affinity of the "low-affinity" FcγRs for six homogeneous IgG1 Fc <i>N</i>-glycoforms (G0, G0F, G2, G2F, A2G2, and A2G2F). Surprisingly, CD16a with oligomannose <i>N</i>-glycans bound to IgG1 Fc (A2G2) with a <i>K<sub>D</sub></i> = 1.0 ± 0.1 nm This affinity represents a 51-fold increase over the affinity measured for CD16a with complex-type <i>N</i>-glycans (51 ± 8 nm) and is comparable with the affinity of FcγRI/CD64, the sole "high-affinity" FcγR. CD16a <i>N</i>-glycan composition accounted for increases in binding affinity for the other IgG1 Fc glycoforms tested (10-50-fold). This remarkable sensitivity could only be eliminated by preventing glycosylation at Asn<sup>162</sup> with an Asn-to-Gln mutation; mutations at the four other <i>N</i>-glycosylation sites preserved tighter binding in the Man5 glycoform. None of the other low-affinity FcγRs showed more than a 3.1-fold increase upon modifying the receptor <i>N</i>-glycan composition, including CD16b, which differs from CD16a by only four amino acid residues. This result indicates that CD16a is unique among the low-affinity FcγRs, and modifying only the glycan composition of both the IgG1 Fc ligand and receptor provides a 400-fold range in affinities.
Achyrofuran, a New Antihyperglycemic Dibenzofuran from the South American Medicinal Plant <i>Achyrocline </i><i>s</i><i>atureioides</i> (2002)

A new prenylated dibenzofuran, achyrofuran (2), was isolated from an extract of Achyrocline satureioides by bioassay-guided fractionation using the db/db mouse model for type 2 diabetes. Compound 2significantly lowered blood glucose levels in this model when administered orally at 20 mg/kg q.d.
Role of K+ channels in the modulation of cholinergic neural responses in guinea‐pig and human airways. (1992)

1. Several agonists modulate cholinergic neurotransmission in airways raising the possibility that there may be a common inhibitory mechanism, such as the activation of a common K+ channel in the nerve ending. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether blockers of K+ channels are able to depress the prejunctional inhibitory modulation of cholinergic contractile responses by various agonists in guinea-pig and human airways in vitro. 2. Electrical field stimulation (40 V, 0.5 ms) was applied to guinea-pig (0.5 Hz) or human (1 Hz) tracheal strips every 4 min to elicit cholinergic neural responses. The effects of the K+ channel blockers, charybdotoxin (ChTX, 10 nM), apamin (100 nM) and glibenclamide (1 microM), on the prejunctional inhibition of cholinergic contraction evoked by neuropeptide Y (NPY, 100 nM), an alpha 2-agonist, clonidine (10 nM), a mu-opioid agonist, [D-Ala2, NMePhe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin (DAMGO, 100 nM), and a KATP channel opener, lemakalim (300 nM) were tested in guinea-pigs. In human tissues, the effect of ChTX (10 nM) on the mu-opioid (DAMGO, 300 nM)-induced inhibition of cholinergic nerves was examined. 3. In guinea-pigs, ChTX (10 nM) significantly reversed the prejunctional inhibition of cholinergic contraction by NPY (84.2 +/- 16.2%), clonidine (71.9 +/- 22.4%), DAMGO (67.3 +/- 13.1%) and lemakalim (20.9 +/- 9.4%) (n = 5, P < 0.05, respectively), while apamin (100 nM) had no effect. Glibenclamide (10 microM) reduced only the lemakalim-induced inhibitory modulation. ChTX (10 nM) itself potentiated cholinergic contraction (24.6 +/- 9.4%, n = 5, P < 0.05) without affecting exogenously applied acetylcholine dose-response curves. Pretreatment with ChTX (10 nM) significantly reduced the inhibitory modulation of cholinergic nerves by NPY, clonidine and DAMGO, but not by lemakalim. 4. In human tissues, ChTX significantly reduced DAMGO-induced prejunctional inhibition of cholinergic contraction (13.6 +/- 8.5% with and 46.5 +/- 5.5% without ChTX, respectively; n = 5, P < 0.05). 5. These results may support a hypothesis that the activation of ChTX-sensitive K+ channels is involved in the inhibitory modulation of cholinergic neuro-transmission by agonists acting on presynaptic receptors in guinea-pig and human airways.
A New Chemical Treatment to Inhibit Iron Sulfide Deposition (2008)

Abstract This report documents laboratory studies that display the potential of the new iron sulfide treatment that, instead of preventing the formation of the scale, allows a dispersed iron sulfide to form that is both water wet and deactivated. Evidence has been provided that shows how the treatment keeps the particle size small so that is unlikely to associate and deposit in production systems. The mechanism of control is and the parameters that control the performance are discussed. The dispersant facilitates the transport of the scale with the produced water but prevents the FeS from forming pads at water-oil interfaces. Results from a limited field trial demonstrate the success of the treatment in the preventing the formation of pads in a primary separator, and solids deposition in a heater treater.
Stress-Induced Gene ESI35 from Lophopyrum elongatum (1993)

The gene ,2235 is one member of a set of salt stressinduced genes identified in the salt-tolerant wheatgrass Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) Love (synonym Elytrigia elongata [Host] Nevski, Agropyron elongatum
Tyrosine kinase-deficient mutant human insulin receptors (Met1153-->Ile) overexpressed in transfected rat adipose cells fail to mediate translocation of epitope-tagged GLUT4. (1994)

Insulin regulates essential pathways for growth, differentiation, and metabolism in vivo. We report a physiologically relevant system for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of insulin signal transduction related to glucose transport. This is an extension of our recently reported method for transfection of DNA into rat adipose cells in primary culture. In the present work, cDNA coding for GLUT4 with an epitope tag (HA1) in the first exofacial loop is used as a reporter gene so that GLUT4 translocation can be studied exclusively in transfected cells. Insulin stimulates a 4.3-fold recruitment of transfected epitope-tagged GLUT4 to the cell surface. Cells cotransfected with the reporter gene and the human insulin receptor gene show an increase in cell surface GLUT4 in the basal state (no insulin) to levels comparable to those seen with maximal insulin stimulation of cells transfected with the reporter gene alone. In contrast, cells overexpressing a naturally occurring tyrosine kinase-deficient mutant insulin receptor (Met1153-->Ile) show no increase in the basal cell surface GLUT4 and no shift in the insulin dose-response curve relative to cells transfected with the reporter gene alone. These results demonstrate that insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity is essential in insulin-stimulated glucose transport in adipose cells.
Density and Ionic Conductivity of Sintered (CeO <sub>2</sub> ) <sub>0.82</sub> (GdO <sub>1.5</sub> ) <sub>o.18</sub> (1981)

A study is presented on sintering of the mixed oxide (CeO 2 ) 0.82 (GdO 1.5 ) 0.18 where the density of the green samples, the density of the sintered samples, and the ionic conductivity of O 2 ‐ ions in the sintered samples were measured. The dependence of these three parameters on the method of preparation of the powder and on the pressure in pressing of the green samples was determined. The pressures used varied from 25 to 1200 MPa. The different preparation methods used resulted in powders of different degree of mixing of the two oxides, which then determined the compositional homogeneity of the samples when sintered. An apparent relation exists between compositional homogeneity and ionic conductivity as well as density. However, when high pressures (∼1000 MPa) were applied, densities up to 98 % of theoretical value were obtained. A temperature dependence of the activation energy in seemingly homogeneous samples is attributed to a higher dopant concentration in the grain boundary than in the grain bulk.
Bipolar resistive switching in Cu/AlN/Pt nonvolatile memory device (2010)

Highly stable and reproducible bipolar resistive switching effects are reported on Cu/AlN/Pt devices. Memory characteristics including large memory window of 103, long retention time of &gt;106 s and good endurance of &gt;103 were demonstrated. It is concluded that the reset current decreases as compliance current decreases, which provides an approach to suppress power consumption. The dominant conduction mechanisms of low resistance state and high resistance state were verified by Ohmic behavior and trap-controlled space charge limited current, respectively. The memory effect is explained by the model concerning redox reaction mediated formation and rupture of the conducting filament in AlN films.