gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lateralization on the basis of interaural envelope delays: The effect of component starting phase (1988)

Threshold interaural envelope delays were measured with a 2 AFC paradigm as a function of modulation frequency (fm = 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 Hz) for three- and five-component complexes whose center frequencies (fc) were equal to 4000 Hz. Comparisons were made between thresholds obtained when the starting phases were randomized and when they were all set to zero. The level of each component was approximately 50 dB SPL, and the signal duration was 200 ms with 10-ms linear rise/decay times. While reductions in depth of modulation elevate threshold envelope delays [G. B. Henning, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 84–90 (1974)], no such effects were found for phase randomization even when modulation rates were low and all components fell within a critical band. This seems surprising in light of the fact that both reduce depth of modulation and phase randomization reduce the peak factors of the waveforms, which is commonly believed to interfere with entrainment by the peripheral auditory system. Efforts to reconcile the absence of phase effects with the deleterious effects of reduced depth of modulation will be presented. [Work supported by NIH/NINCDS and AFOSR.]
Imidazole aus Aldehyden, 1,2‐Diketonen und flüssigem Ammoniak. 3. Mitt. über Imidazolsynthesen mit flüssigem Ammoniak (1974)

Abstract Bei der Darstellung von Imidazolen ( 3 ) aus aliphatischen oder aromatischen Aldehyden ( 1 ) und 1,2‐Diketonen ( 2 ) in flüssigem Ammoniak unter Druck können die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der C‐Substitution des Imidazolkerns realisiert werden.
Pharmacokinetic Comparison of a Single Oral Dose of Polymorph Form I versus Form V Capsules of the Antiorthopoxvirus Compound ST-246 in Human Volunteers (2012)

ST-246, a novel compound that inhibits egress of orthopoxvirus from mammalian cells, is being tested as a treatment for pathogenic orthopoxvirus infections in humans. This phase I, double-blind, randomized, crossover, exploratory study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) of a single daily 400-mg oral dose of ST-246 polymorph form I versus polymorph form V administered to fed, healthy human volunteers. Both forms appeared to be well tolerated, with no serious adverse events. The order of administration of the two forms had no effect on the results of the PK analyses. Form I and form V both exhibited comparable plasma concentration versus time profiles, but complete bioequivalence between the two forms was not found. Maximum drug concentration (C(max)) met the bioequivalence criteria, as the 90% confidence interval (CI) was 80.6 to 96.9%. However, the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to time t (AUC(0-t)) and AUC(0-∞) did not meet the bioequivalence criteria (CIs of 67.8 to 91.0% and 73.9 to 104.7%, respectively). The extent of absorption of form I, as defined by AUC(0-∞), was 11.7% lower than that of form V. Since ST-246 form I is more thermostable than form V, form I was selected for further development and use in all future studies.
A dynamic animation engine for generic spline objects (2000)

This paper introduces an accurate and efficient engine whose purpose is the dynamic animation of curvilinear objects which are modelled as successions of splines. At each time step the object shape conforms to its spline definitions, thus ensuring that each property implied by the chosen spline models is verified. This is achieved by animating spline control points. However, these control points are not considered as material points but rather as the degrees of freedom of the continuous object. The chosen dynamic equations (Lagrangian formalism) reflect this modelling scheme and yield an exact and very proficient linear system. In the chosen formalism, forces are introduced by either their potential energy or their power ratings in the virtual movements instilled by the degrees of freedom. Both methods are carried out in three cases: gravity, viscosity and generic force. Suitable and classical methods for constraint handling and numerical resolution are briefly discussed. Finally, this animation engine is applied to knitted patterns. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A mechanism for the 150 µC cm<sup>−2</sup>polarization of BiFeO<sub>3</sub>films based on first-principles calculations and new structural data (2006)

Following our experimental report of a giant ferroelectric polarization in the region of 150 µC cm(-2) in BiFeO(3) (BFO) films, we have performed first-principles calculations based on the local density approximation to density functional theory, aiming to clarify its mechanism. Upon optimization of lattice constants we have shown that the natural tetragonal structure of BFO has a giant tetragonality ratio of 1.26 and large ionic off-centring. Experimentally this structure has been detected in BFO films deposited on La-doped SrTiO(3) substrates. The spontaneous polarization calculated ab initio for this structure is 143.5 µC cm(-2), in agreement with the remanent polarization of hysteresis loops measured at 90 K. These results suggest that the giant polarization of our BFO films may occur upon stabilization of the optimal tetragonal phase with giant tetragonality. Future experimental effort aiming to routinely obtain such values of spontaneous polarization should concentrate on how to isolate this phase without compromising the insulating and switching properties of BFO.
Widely tunable optical delay generator (2010)

We propose and demonstrate a method for quasi storage of light based on periodic spectral filtering realized in the time domain by amplitude modulation using frequency-to-time conversion. The delay can be tuned in a wide range by changing the frequency of an electrical modulation signal. In our experiments, the delay of single 2.5 ps pulses varied by 66 pulse widths. The technique works equally well for more complex optical data packets. Contrary to known approaches, the method has a very large spectral bandwidth and can be implemented by either fiber or integrated solutions using existing technologies. Because of the large bandwidth, fractional delays up to several tens of thousands of pulse widths can be achieved potentially for subpicosecond pulses, which is a tremendous value regarding the implementation simplicity.
Implementation of a framework to integrate sensors and controllers (2007)

A system architecture is proposed for integrating sensors, controllers, actuators and instrumentation within a common framework. The goal is to provide a flexible and scalable system. Extending the system, by adding additional components such as sensors or actuators, does not increase the overheads and is achieved seamlessly with minimal modification of the core controller programme. The architecture is generic and finds application in many areas such as home, office and factory automation, process and environmental monitoring, surveillance and robotics.
24 GHz circularly polarized Doppler radar with a single antenna (2005)

24 GHz circularly polarized Doppler front-end with a single antenna is developed. The radar system is composed of 24 GHz circularly polarized Doppler radar module, signal conditioning block, DAQ unit, and signal processing program. 24 GHz Doppler radar receiver front-end IC which is comprised of 3-stage LNA, single-ended mixer, and Lange coupler is fabricated with commercial InGaP/GaAs HBT technology. To reduce the chip size and suppress self-mixing, single-ended mixer which uses Tx leakage as a LO signal of the mixer is used. The operation of the developed radar front-end is demonstrated by measuring human vital signal. Compact size and high sensitivity can be achieved at the same time with the circularly polarized Doppler radar with a single antenna.
A Multi-Agent Architecture for Tracking User Interactions in Browser-based Games (2012)

This paper presents a tracking system developed for browser-based games to track user interactions remotely. To eliminate the restriction of accessing local file system, the client side of the system runs on a standalone web server. The tracking agent writes the user interactions with a game on the local file system, and the log-transfer agent sends the results to the server side of the system as soon as an internet connection is available. This system is used in a research to investigate the effects of playing certain games on visual working memory of children under the age 7. This tracking system has provided the games with better user-friendliness by removing browser's permission prompts in JavaScript and Flash-based games. Furthermore, allowing remote data collection from all the gamers provides vast data for future research.
A new integrated optical angular velocity sensor (2005)

Very compact and low-cost rotation sensors are strongly required for any moving systems in several applications. Integrated optical angular velocity sensors seem to be very promising in terms of low cost, compactness, light weight and high-performance. In the paper a new integrated optical angular velocity sensor having a passive resonant configuration is proposed. Preliminary results are really encouraging and demonstrate the possibility of using the sensor in gyro systems for satellite applications.
Facial emotion recognition on a dataset using convolutional neural network (2017)

Nowadays, deep learning is a technique that takes place in many computer vision related applications and studies. While it is put in the practice mostly on content based image retrieval, there is still room for improvement by employing it in diverse computer vision applications. In this study, we aimed to build a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based Facial Expression Recognition System (FER), in order to automatically classify expressions presented in Facial Expression Recognition (FER2013) database. Our presented CNN achieved % 57.1 success rate on FER2013 database.
Influence of twist drill geometry on chip split with self vibratory drilling head (2012)

In industrial area, drilling is one of the most commonly used machining operations. Today, conventional drilling methods have found their limits in deep hole drilling. To be able to push these limits, we have developed a new technology: vibratory drilling. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the twist drill geometry on performance of the self vibratory drilling head. For that reason, it is necessary to identify the geometrical properties which have the strongest influence on axial vibrations of twist drill and on chip fragmentation. Moreover, we have also validated the experimental results by a simulator which can predict the behaviour of the self vibratory drilling head by taking into account geometrical defects of the tool.
Characterization of a novel mouse recombinant processing <i>α</i>-mannosidase (1994)

In previous work (Herscovics et al., J. Biol. Chem., 269, 9864-9871), a novel mouse alpha-mannosidase cDNA was isolated by homology, taking advantage of identical regions between the amino acid sequences of the yeast and rabbit liver processing alpha 1,2-mannosidases of different specificities to design degenerate oligonucleotides for reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. The cDNA isolated from a mouse 3T3 cDNA library encodes a 73 kDa type II membrane protein with a cytoplasmic region of approximately 35 amino acids and a large C-terminal region that contains a consensus Ca(2+)-binding sequence. To study the properties of this enzyme, the C-terminal part lacking the transmembrane region (beginning at either amino acid 106 or 171) was transiently expressed in COS cells as a secreted protein A fusion protein, and the enzymatic properties of the fusion protein bound to IgG-Sepharose were investigated. The enzyme is an alpha 1,2-mannosidase that trims Man9GlcNAc to Man5 GlcNAc (where Man is mannose and GlcNAc is N-acetyl glucosamine). The activity requires divalent cations since it is greatly inhibited by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Although Ca2+ is the most effective, the enzyme may also use Mg2+, Mn2+ or Co2+, but not Zn2+, which is inhibitory. The enzyme is inhibited by 1-deoxymannojirimycin, but not by swainsonine. We propose that this novel alpha 1,2-mannosidase cDNA encodes mouse Golgi alpha-mannosidase IB.
Cumulative data acquisition in comparative photon-counting three-dimensional imaging (2010)

In recent years, time-correlated single-photon counting techniques have been applied to time-of-flight measurements for long-distance range-finding and depth imaging. Depth imaging has been performed by obtaining timing information from an individual single-photon detector and scanning the optical field to obtain a full depth image. Typically, the measurement is made by dwelling on each individual depth pixel for a pre-defined integration time and completing the data acquisition for that pixel before steering the beam to the adjacent spatial position. We present a novel photon-counting data acquisition mode where the time-of-flight histograms for each depth pixel are gradually populated. The system repeatedly scans the same spatial frame with short per-pixel dwell times, and sufficient photon statistics are built up over many frames by cumulating photon events from all acquired frames. The technique is used to compare the depth imaging performance of two single-photon avalanche diode detectors: a novel, resonant-cavity enhanced shallow-junction device; and a commercially available thick-junction device.
LISA Technology Package System Design And Operations (2006)

An overview of the current status of the LISA Technology Package (LTP) on‐board the LISA Pathfinder spacecraft is presented. There are several major challenges with the development of the LTP: the development of the hardware compliant with severe performance requirements, of the software for the subsystems and of the experiment software that controls the subsystems. A status report of the instrument hardware is given at first and some critical issues are addressed. Then, the operational interconnection among subsystems, control software and experiment software is explained through three major operational procedures: de‐caging and release of the test masses, acquisition of the optical metrology, and charge measurement/control.
Ebola Virus VP30-Mediated Transcription Is Regulated by RNA Secondary Structure Formation (2002)

The nucleocapsid protein VP30 of Ebola virus (EBOV), a member of the Filovirus family, is known to act as a transcription activator. By using a reconstituted minigenome system, the role of VP30 during transcription was investigated. We could show that VP30-mediated transcription activation is dependent on formation of a stem-loop structure at the first gene start site. Destruction of this secondary structure led to VP30-independent transcription. Analysis of the transcription products of bicistronic minigenomes with and without the ability to form the secondary structure at the first transcription start signal revealed that transcription initiation at the first gene start site is a prerequisite for transcription of the second gene, independent of the presence of VP30. When the transcription start signal of the second gene was exchanged with the transcription start signal of the first gene, transcription of the second gene also was regulated by VP30, indicating that the stem-loop structure of the first transcription start site acts autonomously and independently of its localization on the RNA genome. Our results suggest that VP30 regulates a very early step of EBOV transcription, most likely by inhibiting pausing of the transcription complex at the RNA structure of the first transcription start site.
Highly efficient synthesis and characterization of the GPR30-selective agonist G-1 and related tetrahydroquinoline analogs (2010)

The GPR30 agonist probe G-1 and structural analogs were efficiently synthesized using multicomponent or stepwise Sc(III)-catalyzed aza-Diels-Alder cyclization. Optimization of solvent and reaction temperature provided enhanced endo-diastereoselectivity.
Electrode Defects in Multilayer Capacitors Part II: Finite Element Analysis of Local Field Enhancement and Leakage Current in Three‐Dimensional Microstructures (2011)

Multilayer ceramic capacitors ( MLCC s), owing to their processing conditions, can exhibit microstructure defects, such as electrode porosity and roughness. The effect of such extrinsic defects on the electrical performance of these devices needs to be understood to achieve successful miniaturization. To understand the influence of microstructural defects on field distributions and leakage current, the three‐dimensional (3‐D) microstructure of a local region in MLCC s is reconstructed using a serial‐sectioning technique in the focused ion beam. This microstructure is then converted into a finite element model to simulate the perturbations in electric field due to the presence of electrode defects. The electric field is significantly enhanced in the vicinity of such defects, and this is expected to have a bearing on the leakage current density of these devices. To simulate the scaling effects, the dielectric layer thickness is reduced in the 3‐D microstructure keeping the same electrode morphology. It is seen that the effect of microstructure defects is more pronounced as one approaches thinner layers, leading to higher local electric field concentrations and a concomitant drop in insulation resistance.
Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography (2020)

<i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i>
Collaborative organization design: a synergy of groupware and Web-based infrastructures and technology (2002)

With GroupOrga (Groupware Based Organization Design), we present a "thinkable" application environment and framework for distributed and collaborative organization design. The relationship between collaboration and organization structure is touched by addressing the question of how people in an organization can collaboratively design constantly evolving organization structures. After specifying the term collaboration in the context of GroupOrga, we discuss how collaboration technology can support global organizations. With the GroupOrga architecture we present a technological layer for a deeper understanding of collaboration in general. This framework is not restricted to a specific technology, such as the World Wide Web, but considered to be an open architecture. Despite this fact, we look at two collaboration technologies in comparison: groupware and the Web. The question which technology is flexible enough for which requirements is one aspect. Another aspect is that of concrete Web- and groupware-based applications in the GroupOrga project. Our experiences from selected case studies and test implementations is the concluding topic.
Hierarchical 3D Oxygenated Cobalt Molybdenum Selenide Nanosheets as Robust Trifunctional Catalyst for Water Splitting and Zinc–Air Batteries (2020)

The development of hierarchical nanostructures with highly active and durable multifunctional catalysts has a new significance in the context of new energy technologies of water splitting and metal-air batteries. Herein, a strategy is demonstrated to construct a 3D hierarchical oxygenated cobalt molybdenum selenide (O-Co<sub>1-</sub> <sub>x</sub> Mo<sub>x</sub> Se<sub>2</sub> ) series with attractive nanoarchitectures, which are fabricated by a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal process followed by an exclusive ion-exchange process. Owing to its highly electroactive sites with numerous nanoporous networks and plentiful oxygen vacancies, the optimal O-Co<sub>0.5</sub> Mo<sub>0.5</sub> Se<sub>2</sub> could catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction effectively with a low overpotential of ≈102 and 189 mV, at a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> , respectively, and exceptional durability. Most importantly, the O-Co<sub>0.5</sub> Mo<sub>0.5</sub> Se<sub>2</sub> ||O-Co<sub>0.5</sub> Mo<sub>0.5</sub> Se<sub>2</sub> water splitting device only entails a voltage of ≈1.53 V at a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> , which is much better than benchmark Pt/C||RuO<sub>2</sub> (≈1.56 V). Furthermore, O-Co<sub>0.5</sub> Mo<sub>0.5</sub> Se<sub>2</sub> air cathode-based zinc-air batteries exhibit an excellent power density of 120.28 mW cm<sup>-2</sup> and exceptional cycling stability for 60 h, superior to those of state-of-art Pt/C+RuO<sub>2</sub> pair-based zinc-air batteries. The present study provides a strategy to design hierarchical 3D oxygenated bimetallic selenide-based multifunctional catalysts for energy conversion and storage systems.
Mini‐review series: focus on chemokines (2011)

Our understanding of the significance and complexity of the chemokine superfamily has increased at an explosive pace over the last decade. Although this pace may be slowing down, many questions remain in this field. The February 2011 Special Feature on Chemokines reviews some of these issues: the CXCR3/CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11 axis; the role of chemokines in the thymus; and the function of the atypical chemokine receptors DARC and D6.
Leak monitoring system for gas pipelines (1993)

An approach and a solution to the continuous leak monitoring problem in underground gas pipelines are presented. This approach places permanent monitoring units along the pipeline. These units detect acoustic signals in the pipeline and discriminate leak sounds from other man-made or natural nonleak sounds that can occur. The system uses the kNN classifier as the detector with LPC (linear predictive coding) cepstrums as signal features. To increase system performance, pipeline effects on acoustic signals were taken into account during the classifier training phase. Each unit can detect 1/4-in-diameter leaks from a distance of 300 m, yielding 600 m as the maximum distance between units.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Rab1b overexpression modifies Golgi size and gene expression in HeLa cells and modulates the thyrotrophin response in thyroid cells in culture (2013)

Rab1b belongs to the Rab-GTPase family that regulates membrane trafficking and signal transduction systems able to control diverse cellular activities, including gene expression. Rab1b is essential for endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport. Although it is ubiquitously expressed, its mRNA levels vary among different tissues. This work aims to characterize the role of the high Rab1b levels detected in some secretory tissues. We report that, in HeLa cells, an increase in Rab1b levels induces changes in Golgi size and gene expression. Significantly, analyses applied to selected genes, KDELR3, GM130 (involved in membrane transport), and the proto-oncogene JUN, indicate that the Rab1b increase acts as a molecular switch to control the expression of these genes at the transcriptional level, resulting in changes at the protein level. These Rab1b-dependent changes require the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein consensus binding site in those target promoter regions. Moreover, our results reveal that, in a secretory thyroid cell line (FRTL5), Rab1b expression increases in response to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, changes in Rab1b expression in FRTL5 cells modify the specific TSH response. Our results show, for the first time, that changes in Rab1b levels modulate gene transcription and strongly suggest that a Rab1b increase is required to elicit a secretory response.