gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[A method for Rhesus box test]. (2005)

To study the method for Rhesus box test and its significance, the sequence specific primers of upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were designed according to RhD gene sequence; the upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were determined by PCP-SSP and mismatched PCR. The results showed that this method was confirmed by DNA Standard test. It was shown that in unrelative RhD positive individuals RHD(+)/RHD(-), RHD(+)/RHD(+) genotype accounted for 9.00%, 91.00% respectively, and in RhD negative individuals RHD(+)/RHD(-), RHD(+)/RHD(+), RHD(-)/RHD(-) genotype were 26.14%, 3.92%, 69.94% respectively. It is concluded that the method of Rhesus box test was confirmed to be reliable and can be used for the identification of RhD haplotype gene structure, as well as for study on inheritance, clinical transfusion and neonatal hemolytic diseases.
Improved Actor Relation Graph based Group Activity Recognition (2020)

Video understanding is to recognize and classify different actions or activities appearing in the video. A lot of previous work, such as video captioning, has shown promising performance in producing general video understanding. However, it is still challenging to generate a fine-grained description of human actions and their interactions using state-of-the-art video captioning techniques. The detailed description of human actions and group activities is essential information, which can be used in real-time CCTV video surveillance, health care, sports video analysis, etc. This study proposes a video understanding method that mainly focused on group activity recognition by learning the pair-wise actor appearance similarity and actor positions. We propose to use Normalized cross-correlation (NCC) and the sum of absolute differences (SAD) to calculate the pair-wise appearance similarity and build the actor relationship graph to allow the graph convolution network to learn how to classify group activities. We also propose to use MobileNet as the backbone to extract features from each video frame. A visualization model is further introduced to visualize each input video frame with predicted bounding boxes on each human object and predict individual action and collective activity.
Expression of regulator of G protein signalling protein 5 (RGS5) in the tumour vasculature of human renal cell carcinoma (2004)

The gene expression profiles of tumour and normal vasculature are distinctively different. The altered expression of various angiogenesis-related genes in tumour-derived endothelial cells has been investigated intensively, but there may be as yet unidentified molecules that regulate tumour angiogenesis. In the present study, the distinctive expression of regulator of G protein signalling protein 5 (RGS5) in tumour vessels in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been clarified. RGS5 is a member of the RGS superfamily and acts as a negative regulator of heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signalling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). RT-PCR showed strong expression of RGS5 in all RCCs examined, but expression was very weak or undetectable in normal kidneys. By real-time RT-PCR, the ratio of RGS5 mRNA in RCC to that in normal kidney was 6.6 : 1 (p = 0.0012). In situ hybridization showed strong expression of RGS5 in vessels within tumour cell nests. It was expressed neither in tumour cells nor in normal renal capillaries. Immunohistochemical staining using serial sections for endothelial cell markers (CD31 and CD34) and smooth muscle cell markers (alpha-SMA and desmin), as well as fluorescence double staining, strongly suggested that tumour endothelial cells were the main location of RGS5 in RCC. These findings suggest that RGS5 may be involved in G protein-mediated signalling in tumour vessels in human RCC.
ebmdatalab/opensafely-risk-factors-research (2020)

This is the code and configuration for our paper, OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19-related hospital death in the linked electronic health records of 17 million adult NHS patients
Teach Yourself Object-Oriented Programming With Turbo C++ in 21 Days (1993)

Covering all aspects of the basics of learning the C++ programming language and object-oriented programming, this book assumes no prior knowledge of C. It covers classes, objects and the subjects of OOP. Each chapter ends with a summary, questions and answers, quizzes and exercises.
S1 Nuclease Protection Mapping (2003)

The use of S1 nuclease to map the start site of a transcription unit is a well-established technique. Based on the method of Berk and Sharp, it has undergone many refinements over the years. S1 nuclease mapping requires a relatively detailed knowledge of the gene structure and sequence data (or a very good restriction map) of the first exon and several hundred bases of upstream sequence. Although S1 nuclease mapping is mainly used to map transcription start sites accurately (to be described in this chapter), this method can also be used to map intron-exon junctions. Note that in order to identify a transcriptional start site unambiguously, S1 nuclease mapping should be used in conjunction with primer extension (Chapter 44).
Absorbing Boundary Conditions for Rayleigh Waves (1988)

The first-order absorbing boundary conditions for elastic waves are transparent for P and S waves at normal incidence, but give rise to parasitic reflections of Rayleigh waves. To treat these phenomena, a solution of geometric type is proposed that eliminates these parasitic waves but causes others to appear, which, while less important, are still troublesome. A second solution is proposed by constructing a new condition of second-order type, transparent for P and S waves at normal incidence as well as for Rayleigh waves. This condition is analyzed mathematically and its good behavior is demonstrated with regard to reflection phenomena.
Statistical timing analysis considering spatial correlations using a single PERT-like traversal (2003)

We present an efficient statistical timing analysis algorithm that predicts the probability distribution of the circuit delay while incorporating the effects of spatial correlations of intra-die parameter variations, using a method based on principal component analysis. The method uses a PERT-like circuit graph traversal, and has a run-time that is linear in the number of gates and interconnects, as well as the number of grid partitions used to model spatial correlations. On average, the mean and standard deviation values computed by our method have errors of 0.2% and 0.9%, respectively, in comparison with a Monte Carlo simulation.
Cytochrome P-450 Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid (1991)

The cytochrome P-450 pathway of AA metabolism is widely distributed and gives rise to a diversity of products affecting basic biological mechanisms such as vascular reactivity and transport function in critical nephron segments. P-450-AA metabolites may participate in receptor-mediated signal transduction and may act as second messengers. The synthesis of P-450-AA products can be altered by pharmacologic probes and is affected by pathophysiological conditions. That this review has centered on the circulation and renal function should not be interpreted as minimizing the importance of P-450-AA metabolites in other organs and systems for, most assuredly, they will be shown to constitute an essential component of organ function in sites other than those addressed here.
Biology of the grapevine (1993)

Preface Acknowledgements Introduction 1. The growing of grapes 2. The grapevine and its relatives 3. The structure of the grapevine: vegetative and reproductive anatomy 4. Developmental physiology: the vegetative grapevine 5. Developmental physiology: flowering and fruiting 6. The cultivated grapevine 7. Genetic improvement of grapevines Index.
Numerical Climate Modeling, A Frontier in Petroleum Source Rock Prediction: Results Based on Cretaceous Simulations (1985)

Organic productivity and preservation are primary controls of the distribution of petroleum source beds. Both organic productivity and preservation are in part a function of geographic setting and climate. Therefore, the prediction of paleoclimates is a major frontier in petroleum source rock prediction. A climate model based on the fundamental laws thought to govern atmospheric circulation is applied here to the prediction of upwelling regions associated with very high productivity and bottom conditions that may become anoxic despite a high oxygen supply. The potential and limitations of climate modeling in the prediction of upwelling regions are examined by (1) demonstrating the ability of the model to predict present-day winds and upwelling regions, (2) demonstrating t at the model--and the location of upwelling regions--is sensitive to geography (continental positions, sea level, and topography), and (3) investigating whether the model sensitivity to past geographies is realistic, i.e., if predicted upwelling regions for the Cretaceous Period correspond to source rock localities. The model predictions of ocean and coastal upwelling compare very favorably with present-day observations and with estimates of primary productivity. The location of middle-latitude and high-latitude upwelling locations are sensitive to model-specified geography. The location of low-latitude upwelling is less sensitive to changes in global geography if coastlines are oriented appropriately. Despite some limitations, a comparison of source rock localities with model predictions is promising. The results of these studies suggest that numerical climate modeling is a potential tool in petroleum source rock prediction.
Resonant light scattering by near-field-induced phonon polaritons (2005)

The scattering of light at a metallic nanoparticle in the vicinity of a SiC surface shows a strong peak around the surface phonon polariton resonance of the SiC substrate in the midinfrared spectral region. Close to the surface, the polarized particle couples to localized phonon polaritons. This near-field interaction shifts the peak to lower frequencies and causes a splitting into two modes for distances below $5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$. We analyze this phenomenon by applying an accurate numerical three-dimensional model based on the multiple-multipole method. The results are compared with the predictions of the analytical dipole model as frequently used to explain the contrast in apertureless scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy. We find a qualitative agreement but the dipole model turns out to underestimate the spectral shift quantitatively.
Characterization of starch granules from waxy, nonwaxy, and hybrid seeds of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. (1985)

Perisperm starch granules of the dicotyledonous plant Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. were prepared from two homozygous lines (WxWx and wxwx) and their hybrid (Wxwx). The hybrid line was obtained by natural hybridization. By Sephadex G-75 column chromatography of isoamylase-debranched starches, the amylose content of WxWx starch was 16.9%, that of Wxwx was 10.7, and wxwx was zero. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that starch granules from two genotypes (WxWx and Wxwx) contained a Wx protein (MW = 68,000) which was supposed to be a starch granule-bound starch synthase and was associated with amylose synthesis, as observed in nonwaxy maize. The intensities of the stained protein bands were apparently correlated with the number of the Wx alleles. The Wx protein was not detected in the wxwx starch. These findings suggest that the Wx allele produces the Wx protein and amylose in the perisperm of A. hypochondriacus, with incomplete dominance over the wx allele. The Wx allele did not affect the fine structure of amylopectin and had little if any effect on susceptibility to glucoamylase and pasting properties of starch granules from these genotypes.
Picomolar Detection of Protease Using Peptide/Single Walled Carbon Nanotube/Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Electrode (2008)

Picomolar electrochemical detection of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease (HIV-1 PR) using ferrocene (Fc)-pepstatin-modified surfaces has been presented. Gold electrode surface was modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) or thiolated single walled carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles (SWCNT/AuNP). Thiol-terminated Fc-pepstatin was then self-assembled on such surfaces as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The interaction between the Fc-pepstatin-modified substrates and HIV-1 PR was studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Both electrode materials showed enhanced electrochemical responses to increasing concentrations of HIV-1 PR with shifting to higher potentials as well as decrease in the overall signal intensity. However, the sensing electrode modified with thiolated SWCNTs/AuNPs showed remarkable detection sensitivity with an estimated detection limit of 0.8 pM.
Safety and security increase for air traffic management through unnoticeable watermark aircraft identification tag transmitted with the VHF voice communication (2003)

Controller-pilot very high frequency (VHF) voice communication in air traffic control (ATC) relies on amplitude modulation by a carrier frequency of the transmitted analogue voice pattern. This technology is known for its poor voice quality and to be highly sensitive for any kind of noise on the transmission/reception path. On this party-line, pilots have to identify themselves with their call-sign. Human's imperfections in speaking and understanding added to the low channel quality may cause problems to identify without any ambiguity of an aircraft (AC) message without any ambiguity for the controller. The proposed aircraft identification tag (AIT) techniques aim at covering this security lag. The automatic insertion of the supplementary AIT in the transmitted voice communication secures and simplifies the association of a voice message to the specific AC. Supplementary safety increase may be achieved by the mental reinforcement of the audible stimulus (pilot's voice) with a simultaneous visual stimulus in form of e.g. highlighted AC track on the radar screen. Further security increase may be attended from the fact that fake AC VHF transmissions (e.g. jokers, terrorists, ...) becomes mode difficult or even may be impossible by special watermark coding. Simple airfield structures and oceanic high frequency (HF) communication could benefit from such a system, too. AIT technique, therefore, uses proven audio watermark techniques (e.g. used for intellectual property rights for audio CD and digital video). These watermarks are introduced in the voice signal such that, the watermarks are not noticeable. AC and ATC VHF-transceiver need no change. The technique is adapted to the reduced VHF channel spacing of 8.33 kHz. The prototype demonstrator shows very high robustness with a watermark datalink capacity of about 100 bits
Preischemic But Not Postischemic Zinc Protoporphyrin Treatment Reduces Infarct Size and Edema Accumulation After Temporary Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats (1995)

ZnPP treatment protected the brain when administered early in the temporary ischemia model.
A lipopolysaccharide binding heteromultivalent dendrimer nanoplatform for Gram negative cell targeting (2014)

We report on the practicality of a heteromultivalent design strategy for a nanoplatform that targets lipopolysaccharide molecules (LPS) present on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. This design is based on the conjugation of a poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimer with two types of ligands, each having distinct affinities: (i) polymyxin B (PMB) as a primary high affinity ligand; (ii) a PMB-mimicking dendritic branch as an auxiliary low affinity ligand. Co-conjugation of these two ligands maximizes the efficiency of the primary ligand even when the primary ligand is present at a low valency on the nanoplatform (mean n<sub>PMB</sub>≈ 1). By performing surface plasmon resonance studies using a LPS-immobilized cell wall model, we identified an ethanolamine (EA)-terminated branch as the auxiliary ligand that promotes binding avidity via heteromultivalent association. PMB conjugation of the dendrimer with excess EA branches led to LPS avidity two orders of magnitude greater than unconjugated PMB. Such tight binding observed by SPR corresponded well with adsorption to E. coli cells and with potent bactericidal activity in vitro.
Thermal treatment for the removal of PCBs and other organics from soil (1991)

Abstract Thermal separation is an emerging technology for the treatment of contaminated soils and solids. The process removes organic contaminants by indirectly heating the soils and olids to temeratures sufficient to vaporize the harazdous components. The organic vapors in the desorber off‐gas are treated either by oxidation in a RCRA‐standard secondary combustion chamber or by condensation and conventional treatment of the small amount of the resultant condensate. This process had its first successful pilot demonstrations in treating Herbicide Orange contaminated soils at the Naval Construction Battalion Center and at Johnston Island, where dioxin contamination was reduced to less than 1 ppb. This paper summarizes the results of a series of pilot tests, conducted under a TSCA R&D permit, on 3 soils contaminated with PCBs at concentrations ranging from 250 ppm to 4%. To demonstrate the process on an engineering scale, IT made 13 runs in the pilot thermal separator at rates ranging from 18 to 32 kg/hr. Reported are results on the effect of temperature and residence time on the quality of treated soil. The report also summarizes pilot results on a mixed waste soil and soils contaminated with PAHs.
Syntheses of Novel Group 15 and 16 Thieno[2,3-b]-, Thieno[3,4-b]-, and Thieno[3,2-b]-heteroles (1997)

Group 15 (P, As and Sb) and group 16 (S, Se, andTe) thieno[2,3-b]-(1).thieno[3,4-61-(2).and thieno[3,2-b]heteroles (3) were prepared from the corresponding 1,4-dilithium intermediates, derived from (a-(a-bromo-Btrimethylsilylvinyl)thiophenes (6), (1 O), and (1 3) by treatment with fertbutyllithium, respectively.These thienoheteroles obtained are novel fused heterocyclic ring systems, except for thienothophenes and thienoselenophenes.Although a variety of new five-five fused aromatic heterccyclicring systems containing one heteroatom in each ring have been prepared, most of these systems so far reported consist of the well-known simple heteroles such as furan, pyrrole, and thiophene rings.'With regard to thienoheteroles represented by the structures (1)-(3), t h i e n ~~~r r o l e s , ~ thienothiophenes, 3*4 and thienoselenophenes 3.5 have been prepared.However, their synthetic routes are not always versatile and thienoheteroles containing an element other than the above elements (N, S , and Se) are little known.Therefore, we are interested in the synthesis of these fused systems containing Main Group heavier elements and report here versatile synthetic routes to group 15 (P, As, Sb) and group 16 (5, Se, Te) thieno[2,3-b]-(I), thieno[3,4-61-(2), and thieno[3,2-h]heteroles (3), each of which can be obtained from a corresponding common starting material.
Exploring critical factors for successful closed-loop supply chains with remanufacturing (2012)

University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. June 2012. Major: Engineering Management. Advisor:Dr. Hongyi Chen. 1 computer file (PDF); vi, 78 pages.
A constant-space belief propagation algorithm for stereo matching (2010)

In this paper, we consider the problem of stereo matching using loopy belief propagation. Unlike previous methods which focus on the original spatial resolution, we hierarchically reduce the disparity search range. By fixing the number of disparity levels on the original resolution, our method solves the message updating problem in a time linear in the number of pixels contained in the image and requires only constant memory space. Specifically, for a 800 × 600 image with 300 disparities, our message updating method is about 30× faster (1.5 second) than standard method, and requires only about 0.6% memory (9 MB). Also, our algorithm lends itself to a parallel implementation. Our GPU implementation (NVIDIA Geforce 8800GTX) is about 10× faster than our CPU implementation. Given the trend toward higher-resolution images, stereo matching using belief propagation with large number of disparity levels as efficient as the small ones makes our method future-proof. In addition to the computational and memory advantages, our method is straightforward to implement.
Recent Breakthroughs in the Conversion of Ethanol to Butadiene (2016)

1,3-Butadiene is traditionally produced as a byproduct of ethylene production from steam crackers. What is unusual is that the alternative production route for this important commodity chemical via ethanol was developed a long time ago, before World War II. Currently, there is a renewed interest in the production of butadiene from biomass due to the general trend to replace oil in the chemical industry. This review describes the recent progress in the production of butadiene from ethanol (ETB) by one or two-step process through intermediate production of acetaldehyde with an emphasis on the new catalytic systems. The different catalysts for butadiene production are compared in terms of structure-catalytic performance relationship, highlighting the key issues and requirements for future developments. The main difficulty in this process is that basic, acid and redox properties have to be combined in one single catalyst for the reactions of condensation, dehydration and hydrogenation. Magnesium and zirconium-based catalysts in the form of oxides or recently proposed silicates and zeolites promoted by metals are prevailing for butadiene synthesis with the highest selectivity of 70% at high ethanol conversion. The major challenge for further application of the process is to increase the butadiene productivity and to enhance the catalyst lifetime by suppression of coke deposition with preservation of active sites.
A convenient and rapid method to study enzymatic kinetics of steroid 5a-reductase inhibitors (1998)

0bjective:To demonstrate that the inhibition of steroid 5(-reductase inhibitor could be conveniently and rapidly determined with common ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

Methods: A biochemical method to determine the activity of steroid 5(-reductase was used to evaluate the inhibition of epristeride and ffnasteride to the enzyme. The OD value of each sample was measured continuously with ultraviolet spectrophotometer. for the reason that the substrate (NADPH) has a specific absorbent wave at 340 nm. The descending curve of OD value in each tube was described from the beginning to the tenth minute, by which the descending rate of each curve could be obtained through linear regression. The initial reaction rate, the slope of descending curve, resulted from difference between initial rate of each concentration and 0 concentration (blank control) of testosterone. It implicated the activity of the 5(-reductase. In order to prove this method feasible and the inhibition of the inhibitors reliable, an in vivo test was carried out. Twenty old-aged male mongrel dogs, with over 18 cm3 volume prostates though ultrasonic examination, were chosen in vivo experiment. 

Results: The inhibition constant of epristerlde (K,=25.1(1.2 nM) could be obtained according to the Lineweaver-Burk plots. Epristeride decreased the DHT concentration of serum and prostates.

Conclusion: This method is convenient, rapid and effective for studying enzymatic kinetics of steroid 5(-reductase inhibitors