gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association of circulating receptor Fc gamma RIII-positive monocytes in AIDS patients with elevated levels of transforming growth factor-beta. (1991)

Monocytes in the circulation of normal individuals express two receptors for the constant region of immunoglobulin, Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII. In contrast, we have observed that AIDS monocytes express significant levels of a third Fc gamma R, Fc gamma RIII (CD16), which is normally associated with activation or maturation of the monocyte population. By dual-fluorescence analysis using a monoclonal antibody specific for Fc gamma RIII (MAb 3G8), 38.5 +/- 3.2% of the LeuM3 (CD14)-positive monocytes in AIDS patients were CD16 positive as compared to 10.4 +/- 1.0% for healthy individuals (n = 29; P less than 0.005). Furthermore, AIDS monocytes expressed Fc gamma RIII-specific mRNA which is expressed minimally or not at all in control monocytes. As a recently identified inducer of Fc gamma RIII expression on blood monocytes, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was found to be elevated in the serum and/or plasma of AIDS patients. Moreover, incubation of normal monocytes with AIDS serum or plasma induced CD16 expression which correlated with serum TGF-beta levels (r = 0.74, P less than 0.001) and was inhibited with a neutralizing antibody to TGF-beta. Thus, the increased CD16 expression on peripheral blood monocytes in AIDS patients may be the consequence of elevated circulating levels of the polypeptide hormone TGF-beta.
Data Centers Revisited: Assessment of the Energy Impact of Retrofits and Technology Trends in a High-Density Computing Facility (2004)

As information and communications technology matures, the nature of the infrastructure that supports it evolves and specializes. While the telephone infrastructure had been built as a network with central offices acting as hubs, the information and communications technology maintains a similar structure, but instead, has hubs of specialized Internet data centers which house the routers and servers. This paper updates one of the first studies to document the electricity consumption and power distribution within an Internet data center. For this study, electricity billing data, metering data, and facility floor space allocation data were used to calculate computer room, total computer room, and building power densities for July 2002. The results of this 2002 study indicate that although the data center had expanded its operations by roughly 33% from the previous year and increased the electricity demand associated with the computer equipment by 55%, the total computer room power density (which includes cooling and auxiliary equipment) remained the same as the previous year at 355 W/m2. The facility’s efforts to improve energy efficiency offset the energy demand from an increased, electrically active, computer room area. The energy-efficiency measures included better optimization of power distribution units, power management modules, computer room air-conditioning units, alterations to operating conditions, facilitywide reductions in lighting, and improved facility controls. A key recommendation is to expand this research to address the need to develop metrics to capture the energy efficiency of the data network throughput.
Preparation of novel porous starch microsphere foam for loading and release of poorly water soluble drug (2013)

The preparation was a promising method to produce small and uniform PSM with markedly enhanced dissolution rate and oral bioavailability due to the spatial confinement effect of porous structure. The present work demonstrates the significant potential for the use of PSM as a novel delivery system for poorly water soluble drugs.
Software-Based Test for Nonprogrammable Cores in Bus-Based System-On-Chip Architectures (2006)

With the advance in hardware integration, system-on-a-chip (SoC) test activities using only automatic test equipments (ATEs) result in an expensive option. Hardware-based test may reduce the ATE dependency. However, hardware-based test imposes some constraints like area overhead and processing speed degradation. The main objective of this work is to investigate and evaluate a less intrusive test approach called software-based test. Software-based test uses an embedded processor as source and sink of the test, sending the test patterns and reading the responses. A new integrated design and test environment has been developed to automatically synthesize test programs to test non-programmable cores of SoCs. Some benchmarks ISCAS85 and ISCAS89 are used to evaluate the proposed methodology.
Research on inter prediction coding for H.264 video coding (2006)

The JVT/H.264 is the new video coding standard which offers significantly better video compression efficiency than previous ITU-T standards and MPEG standards.The improvement in the rate-distortion performance in H.264 is mainly due to accurate inter prediction coding with different mode decisions including multiple block size,multiple reference frame motion estimation and fine sub-pixel motion vectors.In this paper,there are analyses and regulations of the inter prediction coding,and some comparisons with the base profiles in H.264 were also provided.
Calculations of Unsteady-State Gas Flow Through Porous Media (1953)

Abstract The problem of unsteady-state gas flow through porous media leads to a second-order non-linear partial differential equation for which no analytical solution has been found. In this paper a stable numerical procedure is developed for solving the equation for production of gas at constant rate from linear and radial systems. An electronic digital computer is used to perform the numerical integration using an implicit form of an approximating difference equation. Solutions are presented in graphical form for various values of dimensionless parameters. The solutions are compared with the laboratory study of gas depletion in a linear system. Introduction Production of fluids from porous rock reservoirs is essentially a transient process. Transient gradients develop as soon as production begins, and further withdrawals continue to cause disturbances which propagate throughout the reservoir, each adding in some way to the prior ones. A correct mathematical analysis of this behavior is complicated by the fact that the transient or unsteady-state flow of compressible fluids must be described by difficult second-order partial differential equations. As a practical matter, three distinctly different cases arise:Flow of single-phase liquidFlow of gasesMultiphase flow The first of these has been found to give a linear second-order equation similar to the well-known heat flow equation. Solutions of Equation (1) for both linear and radial flow are available in several forms. Although a number of approximate solutions have, been proposed, each is limited in value by the associated simplifying assumptions. Inasmuch as the analysis of transient flow is limited to liquid systems, a solution of the second case is necessary if further progress is to be made in studying underground fluid movement. For this reason a solution of Equation (2) was undertaken by means of numerical integration of approximating difference equations.
Observations sur le rapport de M. Bengt Broms "The effects of Armed Conflicts on Treaties" (1965)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Pose Determination and Tracking for Autonomous Satellite Capture (2001)

This paper presents a concept and initial results of testing a vision system for satellite proximity operations. The system uses natural features on the satellite surfaces and does not require any artificial markers or targets for its operation. The system computes motion of unknown objects, and using object models computes their positions and orientations (pose), and tracks them in images sequences. The system processes images from stereo cameras to compute 3D data. Motion of an unknown object is computed using projective vision. Initial pose of the object is acquired using an approach based on Geometric Probing. The pose is tracked using a fast version of an Iterative Closest Point algorithm. Selected modules of the system have been characterised in a representative environment; the other are undergoing systematic sets of experiments.
Nature of vicinal laser-annealed Si(111) surfaces (1981)

Low-energy electron diffraction studies of vicinal Si(111) surfaces cut along the $[11\overline{2}]$ direction show that a regular array of steps is formed upon laser annealing, with step height (3.06 \AA{}) somewhat less than the double-layer separation (3.14 \AA{}) and edge atoms threefold coordinated. For energy densities between 0.2 and 0.5 J/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at 5320 \AA{} a weak buckling reconstruction is present and can be aligned by the step edges. Thermal annealing to 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} C allows first the atoms in the nighborhood of the step edges to relax, resulting in a small increase of the step height. Further annealing above 400\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} C results in the growth of the terrace widths and simultaneous increase of the step height. The 7 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} 7 reconstruction is observed as soon as the terrace width is large enough to support several surface unit cells (> 200 \AA{}). Our results indicate that the high-temperature equilibrium configurations for vicinal Si(111) surfaces consist of a regular array of monatomic steps ($d\ensuremath{\sim}3.1$ \AA{}) and can be quenched by laser annealing into a metastable phase. The low-temperature phase displays an effective attractive step-step interaction resulting in the formation of very large terraces and large risers. The nature of this attractive interaction is discussed.
Application of tobacco leaf edge detection with the tracking bug method. (2010)

Tobacco leaf shapes included the length,width,area,perimeter and roundness parameters and so on,only obtained exact boundaries of the leaf information,a large number of leaf parameters could be calculated.The classical edge detection methods were introduced,bug method was used to track the boundaries of tobacco leaf extractly.The result showed that the algorithm had a good edge extraction capability.
A review of hormonal treatment in advanced prostate cancer. (1997)

In the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, androgen ablation has proven to be the cornerstone. Several important questions about its use, however, remain unanswered. The first question is whether androgen ablation should be started at the time of diagnosis, or when symptoms arise. Although previous evidence had suggested no benefit to early therapy, a recent large trial of patients has shown clear benefit. Patients with locally advanced and asymptomatic metastatic disease were randomly assigned to early treatment, or treatment started at signs of progression: the early treatment group showed benefit in time to progression, incidence of severe complications, and time to death. The other major unresolved issue is the type of androgen ablation to be used. Maximal androgen blockade (MAB) has been shown to increase the survival of patients with metastatic disease in a least two large, well-conducted trial, although other trials have contradicted this finding. A recent meta-analysis of 22 MAB trials containing more than 5000 patients has suggested that MAB does not prolong life. A large trial by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) NCI INT-0105, from which preliminary results are now available, has shown that castration and an antiandrogen is no better than castration alone in terms of time to progression and survival. This trial, furthermore, did not find that MAB was superior in low-volume, good-performance status patients. Androgen ablation is not a cure for advanced prostate cancer, but it does provide excellent palliation. New treatment regimens, and new studies, are needed to optimize treatment for these men.
Fungi and inflammatory bowel diseases: Alterations of composition and diversity (2008)

Diverse fungal species are part of the normal enteric microbiota, but diversity is increased and composition of the fungal communities varies in IBD. Further work is needed to investigate whether the alteration of the fungal flora in IBD is secondary to an imbalanced bacterial microbiota or an independent etiologic factor.
High performance AlGaAs visible (700 nm) LED on Si substrate prepared by MOCVD (1985)

Visible light emitting AlGaAs diodes (LED's) on silicon substrates have been developed successfully by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. The LED's show good I-V characteristics, and the emission spectrum was peaking at 700 nm with the half-width of 45 nm at the forward current of 100 mA at room temperature: The external efficiency was 0.3%.
QPSO-Based Hyper-Parameters Selection for LS-SVM Regression (2008)

The selection for hyper-parameters including kernel parameters and the regularization is important to the performance of least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM). The existed parameters selection algorithms, such as the analytical, algebraic techniques and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, have their own shortcomings. In this paper, the problem of model selection for LS-SVM is discussed. A new method selecting the LS-SVM hyper-parameters is proposed based on the principles of the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO). The feasibility of this method is evaluated on data sets produced by sinc function. Experimental results show that LS-SVM of QPSO-based hyper-parameters selection obtains better generalization capability and has more fast convergence speed than PSO-based hyper-parameters selection.
Oligomerization of 1-Hexene and 1-Octene over Solid Acid Catalysts (2005)

Oligomerization of hexene and heavier olefins is important for synthetic fuel producers to reduce refinery complexity, as well as to produce good quality middle distillates and lubricating oils. Conversion of such olefins with homogeneous catalysts is much easier than with solid acid catalysts, which are prone to deactivation and are limited to middle distillate production. Solid phosphoric acid, amorphous silica−alumina, sulfated zirconia, MCM-41, ZSM-5, zeolite-Y, and zeolite-omega heterogeneous catalysts were evaluated in fixed-bed reactors with 1-hexene and 1-octene to determine the key catalyst properties required. The influence of added chromium and nickel was also evaluated. It was found that solid acids with average pore size of more than 10 nm had consistently better catalyst lifetime, because heavy oligomers were less readily trapped in the catalyst. It was also found that in large-pore catalysts chromium improved selectivity to lubricating oil significantly by changing the oligomerization mechanism.
Hepatosplenic T Cell Lymphoma Associated With Infliximab Use in Young Patients Treated for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2007)

Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma (HSTCL) are rare cancers ( approximately 100 published cases worldwide) and comprise 5% of peripheral T cell lymphomas. As of October 5, 2006, the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System has received 8 cases of HSTCL in young patients using infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha blocking agent, to treat inflammatory bowel disease (6 of the 8 cases had a fatal outcome). All 8 patients were receiving concomitant immunosuppressant therapy (eg, azathioprine, prednisone). It has not been established that infliximab had an exclusive or primary role in the pathogenesis of these HSTCL cases; however, it appears that patients using this product may be at greater risk for developing this rare lymphoma.
Transmit-receive eddy current probes for defect detection and sizing in steam generator tubes (1997)

Inspection of steam generator tubes in aging Nuclear Generating Stations is increasingly important. Defect detection and sizing, especially in defect prone areas such as the tubesheet, support plates and U-bend regions, are required to assess the fitness-for-service of the steam generators. Information about defect morphology is required to address operational integrity issues, i.e., risk of tube rupture, number of tubes at risk, consequential leakage. A major challenge continues to be the detection and sizing of circumferential cracks. Utilities around the world have experienced this type of tube failure. Conventional in-service inspection, performed with eddy current bobbin probes, is ineffectual in detecting circumferential cracks in tubing. It has been demonstrated in CANDU steam generators, with deformation, magnetite and copper deposits that multi-channel probes with transmit-receive eddy current coils are superior to those using surface impedance coils. Transmit-receive probes have strong directional properties, permitting probe optimization according to crack orientation. They are less sensitive to lift-off noise and magnetite deposits and possess good discrimination to internal defects. A single pass C3 array transmit-receive probe developed by AECL can detect and size circumferential stress corrosion cracks as shallow as 40% through-wall. Since its first trial in 1992, it has been used routinely for steam generator in-service inspection of four CANDU plants, preventing unscheduled shutdowns due to leaking steam generator tubes. More recently, a need has surfaced for simultaneous detection of both circumferential and axial cracks. The C5 probe was designed to address this concern. It combines transmit-receive array probe technology for equal sensitivity to axial and circumferential cracks with a bobbin probe for historical reference. This paper will discuss the operating principles of transmit-receive probes, along with inspection results.
Development and regional expression of chicken neuroleukin (glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase) messenger RNA (1989)

Neuroleukin (NLK) is a protein identical with the glycolytic enzyme glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) that has been reported to support the survival of a subpopulation of neurons in embryonic dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord neurons in culture. In this report we have studied the developmental expression of NLK mRNA in the chick embryo in order to evaluate its possible role as a neurotrophic factor. The chicken gene encoding NLK was isolated by cross-hybridization to a mouse NLK cDNA clone. A DNA fragment from the chicken NLK gene with a 90% nucleotide sequence homology to mouse NLK cDNA encoding amino acids 310-355 was then used as a hybridization probe in a series of RNA-blots. In the entire embryo NLK mRNA was found already at embryonic day 3.5 (E3.5) and the level of expression was significantly decreased between E3.5 and hatching. Roughly similar levels of NLK mRNA were found in all tissues of the E8 embryo analyzed with the exception of the brain, which contained only low levels. When the developmental expression was analyzed in different tissues separately, NLK mRNA expression was found to decrease during development in the heart and bursa of Fabricius, whereas the level of mRNA in the brain showed a large increase shortly after hatching. The spinal cord and the pectoral and femoral muscles all showed high levels of NLK mRNA throughout development. In the adult chick, the highest levels of NLK mRNA were found in the muscle, brain, and kidney, where the NLK mRNA was estimated to account for approximately 0.1% of the total mRNA in these tissues. A widespread expression of NLK mRNA was observed in the adult brain with approximately similar levels in all brain regions tested. Similar results were also obtained when NLK mRNA expression was analyzed in adult rats. Our results show that developmental expression of the NLK gene is independently regulated in different tissues. The widespread and abundant expression of both the avian and rodent NLK gene is in accordance with its newly discovered identity as a glycolytic enzyme. Consequently, the developmental and adult pattern of NLK mRNA expression does not favour a specific trophic role for this protein in accordance with other known neurotrophic factors.
Volatiles produced by interacting microorganisms potentially useful for the control of plant pathogens (2010)

The results of studies about interactions between microorganisms involving at least one plant pathogen are of interest to the areas of ethiology and control in Plant Pathology. Various aspects of these interactions have been studied over the years but the toxicity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been emphasized only recently, developing techniques and procedures, and producing additional knowledge to those already obtained with water-soluble substances. This new facet of these interactions based on VOCs is discussed in this review involving mainly fungi, bacteria and nematodes pathogenic to plants. Also discussed is the role of VOCs produced by microorganisms, especially fungi and bacteria, in soil fungistasis and the effect of VOCs on fungal agents used in the control of plant parasitic nematodes. The evidence of VOCs broadens the research studies about these interactions. However, the scarcity of the research results in this area show up gaps which need to be filled and some research proposals are discussed. The present and future accumulated VOC knowledge will perhaps be beneficial to farmers, especially aspects related to increasing soil suppressiveness to plant disease and to the finding of analog molecules of VOCs highly effective against plant pathogens.
Direct demonstration of a specific interaction between cyclophilin-D and the adenine nucleotide translocase confirms their role in the mitochondrial permeability transition (1998)

A fusion protein between cyclophilin-D (CyP-D) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) was shown to bind to purified liver inner mitochondrial membranes (IMMs) in a cyclosporin A (CsA)-sensitive manner. Binding was enhanced by diamide treatment of the IMMs. Immobilized GST-CyP-D avidly bound a single 30 kDa protein present in Triton X-100-solubilized IMMs; immunoblotting showed this to be the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). Binding was prevented by pretreatment of the CyP-D with CsA, but not with cyclosporin H. Purified ANT also bound specifically to GST-CyP-D, but porin did not, even in the presence of ANT.
Functional biointerface materials inspired from nature (2011)

Controlling the interfacial chemical and physical properties, and thus modulating the behaviours of cells and biomolecules on material surfaces, form an important foundation for the development of high-performance biomaterials and devices. Biological systems in nature exhibit unique features in this aspect. The first one is that the superior properties of natural biomaterials are normally not determined by their bulk properties, but more related to the multi-scale micro- and nanostructures on the surface; the second is that biological systems usually utilize highly specific weak interactions (e.g. hydrogen bonding interaction, hydrophobic interaction, etc.) to solve the problems of biomolecule interactions; the third is that the biomolecules in nature are often chiral molecules and show high preference for one specific enantiomorphous configuration, suggesting a distinctive chiral recognition mechanism in biological systems. These features bring much inspiration to design novel biointerface materials with special functionalities, e.g. structural biointerface materials, smart biointerface materials and chiral biointerface materials. The purpose of this critical review is to give a brief introduction of recent advances in these aspects (90 references).
Data Structures in Java (2002)

From the Publisher:
This book teaches the classic data structures with an informal, yet rigorous, approach; it includes the appropriate object-oriented concepts and makes use of the appropriate Java constructs.