gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Martin Marietta Energy Systems Material Safety Data Sheet Program (1993)

Martin Marietta Energy Systems (Energy Systems) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Program was established in 1985 to provide health and safety information to Energy Systems employees and to meet OSHA's Hazard Communication Material Safety Data Sheet requirements. In 1992, the system was modified and incorporated into Energy Systems Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS)-MSDS Module to assist in the support of the hazardous material inventory requirements. (See Context Diagram, Exhibit A.) The MSDS Module runs under Computer Associates data base (CADB) software on a VAX computer. The system contains approximately 20,000 MSDSs with over 1,000 new, duplicate, and revised sheets being processed each month. The system monitors, tracks and controls the acquisition and processing of MSDSs to ensure a sheet is obtained andmade available for all hazardous materials. The system supplies Energy Systems employees and visitors real-time access to MSDS information. The system supports two types of data sheets: a long form for highly hazardous and/or utilized materials (MSDS) and a more economical short form, Material Safety Reference Sheet (MSRS) that is used in conjunction with the vendor supplied MSDS to meet regulatory requirements. All hazardous materials are evaluated and assigned fire, health, and reactivity ratings, along with other straight-forward criteria.more » All vendor supplied MSDSs are technically reviewed and researched for accuracy. The MSDS data base is multi-functional and easy to operate. This allows the system to meet the needs of many analogous programs and activities within Energy Systems including Carcinogen Control, Reproductive Hazard Control, Hazardous Material Management, Waste Minimization, Emergency Response, SARA Reporting, Hazard Communications, and Safety.« less
Blown Film Bubble Collapsing Improvement (1987)

The forces exerted on the blown film bubble during the collapsing process are not uniformly distributed around the bubble. Standard collapsing geometry and the fric tional drag coefficient can be modified to improve this force distribution and reduce the force level. The net result to the film product is better flatness, even distribution of film mechanical properties, and improved thickness uniformity. Furthermore, it provides a film which greatly reduces the wrinkles and distortions which frequently occur when printing and laminating film.
Preparation and optical scattering characterization of gold nanorods and their application to a dot-immunogold assay (2005)

We describe optical monitoring of the synthesis of gold nanorods (NRs) based on seed-mediated growth in the presence of the soft surfactant template cetyltrimethyilammonium bromide. To separate NRs from spheres and surfactants we fractionated samples in the density gradient of glycerol. The optical properties of NRs were characterized by extinction and differential light-scattering spectra (at 90 degrees, 450-800 nm) and by the depolarization light-scattering ratio, I(vh)/I(vv), measured at 90 degrees with a helium-neon laser. Theoretical spectra and the I(vh)/I(vv) ratios were calculated by the T-matrix method as applied to randomly oriented NRs, which were modeled by right-circular cylinders with semispherical ends. The simulated data were fitted to experimental observations by use of particle length and width as adjustable parameters, which were close to the data yielded by transmission electron microscopy. The sensitivity of the long-wavelength resonance of NRs to the dielectric surroundings was examined both experimentally and theoretically by comparison of the extinction spectra of NRs in water and in a 25% glycerol solution. Finally, we discuss the application of NR-protein A conjugates to a dot-immunogold assay with the example of biospecific staining of human IgG molecules adsorbed onto small membrane spots.
Techniques for real-time generation of range images (2003)

Range sensors based on optical triangulation and time-of-flight techniques are reviewed to determine, from first principles and sensor parameters, what actually limits performance, and how performance can be improved. Laser time-of-flight range sensors are limited by the photon nature of light, but might be able to produce range images at video rate (thirty 500*500 pixel images/s). Two triangulation techniques appear to be able to generate five to ten range images per second using currently available equipment, and perhaps 30 images/s. Several sensors generate registered range and intensity images which can be processed in combination using standard equipment to extract 3D features in real time.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
High-gain photorefractive polymers (1998)

We report on the photorefractive properties of polymer composites based on the dye 2, N, N-dihexylamino-7- dicyanomethylidenyl-3, 4, 5, 6, 10-pentahydronaphthalene (DHADC-MPN). At 633 nm and with 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone as a sensitizer, the polyvinylcarbazole-based composites show complete internal diffraction at applied electric fields as low as E<SUB>(pi</SUB> /2) equals 30 V/micrometer. The sensitivity of the composite could be extended into the infrared by using (2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenylidene)malonitrile as a sensitizer, and at 830 nm complete internal diffraction occurred at an applied field of E<SUB>pi/2</SUB> equals 59 V/micrometer. Finally, by using DHADC-MPN as a trifunctional dopant in an inert matrix, we have achieved a dynamic range of (Delta) n equals 0.0085 and a net two-beam coupling gain of (Gamma) equals 202 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> at an applied field of 50 V/micrometer and at 633 nm. The composites are thermally stable or have shelf lifetimes of at least several years at room temperature.
Stair-rod dislocation cores acting as one-dimensional charge channels in GaAs nanowires (2018)

Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and density-functional theory calculations have been used to investigate the atomic and electronic structure of stair-rod dislocations connected via stacking faults in GaAs nanowires. At the apexes, two distinct dislocation cores consisting of single-column pairs of either gallium or arsenic were identified. Ab initio calculations reveal an overall reduction in the energy gap with the development of two bands of filled and empty localized states at the edges of valence and conduction bands in the Ga core and in the As core, respectively. Our results suggest the behavior of stair-rod dislocations along the nanowire as one-dimensional charge channels, which could host free carriers upon appropriate doping.
Bulk Photovoltaic Effect for the Linearly Polarized Light in Pb(Zn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>Single Crystals (1995)

The bulk photovoltaic effect in non-centrosymmetric crystals is caused by asymmetric generation, recombination or scattering of excited nonequilibrium electronic carriers. In this paper, the photovoltaic effect has been investigated in relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 single crystals using linearly polarized light. Angular dependence of photovoltaic voltage and current on the polarization direction of light was observed in the crystal. A phenomenological model was proposed to fit the experimental results from which the photovoltaic coefficients were calculated.
Pitch deposition tester by felt rotation. (1986)

Deposition of pitch in machinary has been a continuous problems in pulp and paper making processes. In order to facilitate any preventive measures of pitch deposition, it is important to know deposition tendency in the processes. Although many methods were proposed to predict pitch deposition, none of them is accepted as reliable one. Rotating felt device described in this paper offers an alternative testing method to measure deposition tendency of various pitchs. The device is simple in construction and easy to operate. The study using this device showed the difference in deposition between softwood pitch and hardwood pitch, and mechanism of deposition to be related to electrostatic surface potential of pitch particles in pulp. It can also be used for the simulation of pitch deposition in a laboratory study.
Pavement Manager at Risk in Construction of Hot Mix Asphalt (2018)

Pavement management is part science, part management, and part experience. After several decades of promoting pavement management, many road owners are still reluctant to use it as they lack the knowledge, the experience, or the confidence. The problem is further complicated by the emergence of a large list of new products and techniques that are self-proclaimed to achieve miracles but fall short. The outcome of this arrangement is that thousands of miles of roads still cost more to maintain than if effective pavement preservation techniques were used. This paper attempts to resolve this dilemma by introducing the role of Pavement Manager at Risk (PMAR), allowing a Pavement Manager to offer a long-term pavement preservation service to a client in return for a fixed per-mile premium. This allows the knowledgeable Pavement Manager, who would typically be a Pavement Engineer or a practitioner with extensive knowledge and experience, to implement effective pavement preservation techniques and share the economic benefit with the owner. In this study, the responsibilities of the Pavement Manager at Risk (PMAR) will be introduced. The type of analysis it needs to run will be demonstrated in a case study. In this paper, a sample analysis is presented to present the financial aspects of managing a network of local roads. Pavement treatment cost, pavement condition, and treatment life extension in addition to the admin, mobilization, striping, and occasional patches expenses are presented. The benefits and risks of this approach are described.
Large deletion mutations involving the first pyrimidine-rich tract of the 5' nontranslated RNA of human hepatitis A virus define two adjacent domains associated with distinct replication phenotypes (1994)

The 5' nontranslated RNA (5'NTR) of the HM175 strain of human hepatitis A virus contains several pyrimidine-rich regions, the largest and most 5' of which (pY1) is an almost pure polypyrimidine tract located between nucleotides (nt) 99 and 138, which includes five tandem repeats of the sequence motif (U)UUCC(C). Previous modeling of the RNA secondary structure suggested that this region was likely to be single-stranded, but repetitive RNase V1 cleavage sites within these (U)UUCC(C) motifs indicated that pY1 possesses an ordered structure. To assess the role of this domain in replication of the virus, a series of large deletion mutations were created which involved the pY1 domain of an infectious cDNA clone. Deletion of 44 nt between nt 96 and 139, including the entire pY1 domain, did not reduce the capacity of the virus to replicate in BS-C-1 or FRhK-4 cells, as assessed by the size of replication foci in radioimmunofocus assays or by virus yields under one-step growth conditions. In contrast, viable virus could not be recovered from transfected RNAs in which the deletion was extended in a 5' direction by an additional 3 nt (delta 93-134), most likely because of the destabilization of a predicted stem-loop structure upstream of pY1. Deletion mutations extending in a 3' fashion to nt 140, 141, or 144 resulted in moderately (delta 96-140 and delta 96-141) or strongly (delta 99-144, delta 116-144, and delta 131-144) temperature-sensitive replication phenotypes. Although deletion of the pY1 domain did not by itself affect the replication phenotype of virus, the additional deletion of sequence elements within the pY1 domain (nt 99 to 130) substantially enhanced the temperature-sensitive phenotype of delta 131-144 virus. These data suggest that the (U)UUCC(C) motifs within the pY1 domain are conserved among wild-type viruses in order to serve a function required during infection in vivo but not in cell culture. In contrast, the single-stranded region located immediately downstream of pY1 (nt 140 to 144) is essential for efficient replication in cultured cells at physiological temperature. Viruses with deletion mutations involving nt 140 to 144 and viruses with large pY1 deletions but normal replication phenotypes in cell culture may have attenuation properties which could be exploited for vaccine development.
Electrolytic amalgamation of uranium using an ion exchange membrane (1975)

H. C. Lee, L. C. Wang, H. H. Hung and C. T. Chang, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1975, 124a DOI: 10.1039/C3975000124A
Autism from a Biometric Perspective (2010)

All compared groups have shown significant difference on both psycho-emotional (images without filter) and physiological (images with filter) levels. However, the differences between autistic children and controls expressed on psycho-emotional level were the most significant as compared to the other groups. Therefore, the activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system is significantly altered in children with autism. The biometric method based on GDV is a promising step in autism research that may lead towards creating a disease profile and identify unique signature/biomarker for autism. Further work should involve more participants in order to augment our findings.
Frequency-modulated Nd:YAG microchip lasers (1989)

Tunable, single-frequency, Nd:YAG microchip lasers have been piezoelectrically frequency modulated over several hundred megahertz at rates from dc to 25 MHz.
Enzyme Inhibition as a Key Target for the Development of Novel Metal-Based Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (2010)

Historically, DNA has been the target for many metal-based anti-cancer drugs, but drawbacks of prevailing therapies have stimulated the search for new molecular targets which may present unique opportunities for therapeutic exploitation. Enzyme inhibition has recently been identified as an alternative and significant target. The pursuit of novel metallodrug candidates that selectively target enzymes is now the subject of intense investigation in medicinal bioinorganic chemistry and chemical biology. In the field of drug design, it is recognised by many that exploiting the structural and chemical diversity of metal ions for the identification of potential hit and lead candidates can dramatically increase the number of possible drug candidates that may be added to the already abundant armoury of chemotherapeutic agents. This review will focus on recent key advancements in enzyme inhibition as a key target for the development of novel metal-based anti-cancer therapeutics. The enormous clinical success of classical platinum drugs, amongst others, coupled with the wealth of knowledge accumulated in recent years on enzyme structure and function, has undoubtedly been the impetus behind the development of new metallodrug candidates with enzyme inhibitory properties. Recent trends in this field will be reviewed with a particular emphasis on metal complexes that inhibit protein and lipid kinases, matrix metalloproteases, telomerases, topoisomerases, glutathione-S-transferases, and histone deacetylases.
Chondroitinase gene therapy improves upper limb function following cervical contusion injury (2015)

Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are known to be important contributors to the intensely inhibitory environment that prevents tissue repair and regeneration following spinal cord injury. The bacterial enzyme chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) degrades these inhibitory molecules and has repeatedly been shown to promote functional recovery in a number of spinal cord injury models. However, when used to treat more traumatic and clinically relevant spinal contusion injuries, findings with the ChABC enzyme have been inconsistent. We recently demonstrated that delivery of mammalian-compatible ChABC via gene therapy led to sustained and widespread digestion of CSPGs, resulting in significant functional repair of a moderate thoracic contusion injury in adult rats. Here we demonstrate that chondroitinase gene therapy significantly enhances upper limb function following cervical contusion injury, with improved forelimb ladder performance and grip strength as well as increased spinal conduction through the injury site and reduced lesion pathology. This is an important addition to our previous findings as improving upper limb function is a top priority for spinal injured patients. Additionally great importance is placed on replication in the spinal cord injury field. That chondroitinase gene therapy has now been shown to be efficacious in contusion models at either thoracic or cervical level is an important step in the further development of this promising therapeutic strategy towards the clinic.
Identification of a novel cytochrome P-450 gene from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1997)

A gene fragment belonging to the cytochrome P-450 superfamily has been cloned and identified from stationary cultures of the filamentous fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. A set of degenerate primers homologous to highly conserved regions of known cytochrome P-450 sequences were used for initial RT-PCRs. Individual PCR products were cloned, sequenced, and identified as those belonging to the cytochrome P-450 superfamily based on amino acid sequence homologies and the presence of the highly conserved heme binding region. The nucleotide sequence of a single cDNA clone indicated the presence of an open reading frame encoding a partial cytochrome P-450 protein of 208 amino acids. Comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequence of the partial protein to other known cytochrome P-450 sequences indicate that it is the first member of a new family of cytochrome P-450s, designated CYP63-1A. Northern blot analysis suggests that CYP63-1A is expressed under both nitrogen-rich and nitrogen-deficient culture conditions and thus not under the same regulatory constraints as the well-studied lignin and manganese peroxidases. Western blot analyses using antibodies raised to the heme binding region of CYP63-1A indicate that the protein has a molecular mass of approximately 44,000 Da.
Experimental egg transmission of chicken anemia agent. (1983)

When inoculated with chicken anemia agent (CAA) via the yolk sac at 6 days of age, chick embryos could develop normally into chicks. All the chicks hatched suffered from anemia and died at 10 to 15 days of age with bone marrow aplasia. Specific pathogen free laying hens were inoculated with CAA, and eggs were collected from them over a period from 1 to 28 days after inoculation. Two of 67 chicks hatched from the eggs revealed anemia at 14 days of age. CAA was recovered from 3 of 40 chicks. From the results, a possibility of egg transmission of CAA from dams to their progeny was experimentally suggested.
Design and experimental force analysis of a novel elliptical vibration assisted orthopedic oscillating saw (2018)

Orthopedic oscillating saws (OOSs) are widely used for plane processing in orthopedic surgery such as knee and hip replacement. However, sawing has been associated with bone breakthrough and necrosis problems. In this paper, a novel elliptical vibration assisted OOS was designed to achieve a low cutting force under the condition of deepening cut depth and reducing cutting speed, based on the analysis of brittle fractures of the bone and elliptical vibration assisted cutting kinematics. The elliptical vibration was generated using two parallel stacked piezoelectric actuators assembled with the fixture. In order to reduce the large cutting forces due to the large cutting depth, a series of experiments was also conducted to investigate the influence of processing parameters on cutting forces. It was demonstrated that cutting forces are significantly reduced by increasing the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude, and decreasing the sawing speed in the current design. The new design could minimize the cutting forces during sawing and allow surgeons to have better control over the sawing process.
Fabrication and Characteristics of an Integrated DFB Laser/Amplifier Having Reactive-Ion-Etched Tilted End Facets (1990)

We describe the fabrication and characteristics of a DFB laser monolithically integrated with an optical traveling-wave amplifier prepared using OMVPE/LPE hybrid growth. A unique feature is its 7°-tilted end facets formed by reactive ion etching for reduction of optical crosstalk. Owing to the low reflectivity of the facets, the elemental devices operate with little interference.
High Density Video Disc Using Superresolution And Green Laser (1993)

In order to achieve higher definition, longer playing and smaller disc diameter optical video discs, it is essential to improve recording density. It is reported that making wavelength shorter by using SHG and adopting super resolution technique are effective means to accomplish this. As for high density optical disc system using short wavelength SHG green laser, few reports on 90-minute MUSE disc system has been made.2>³> It is our subject in hand to develop a single sided High-Vision disc with a diameter of 300mm which can play for 2 hours, or a CD size double-sided NTSC disc with a diameter of 120mm which can play for 1 hour per both, as one of our product targets. This paper describes the optical head using super resolution and green laser, and the high density video disc with 2 hours of playback time per side.
Turbulent boundary layer with injection and surface roughness (1977)

Experimental studies were conducted to measure directly the skin friction on an axisymmetric body with and without injection through the surface in a turbulent, low-speed flow. Measurements also were taken of velocity profiles and the axial turbulence intensity throughout the boundary layer. The axisymmetric model, with interchangeable solid, smooth and porous, slightly rough walls, was tested at ReL from 4.96 to 6.11xl0 6. Particular attention was paid to the law-of-the-wall region of the boundary layer. For both the law-of-the-wall and axial turbulent intensities, good correlation between the present experiment and previous experiment and theory was shown for the solid-wall data. Porous-wall tests with no injection showed an increase in the local skin friction and an attendant shift in the log region of the law-of-the-wall because of the slight roughness of the permeable-wall over the solid-wall values. For cases with blowing through the permeable wall, direct measurements of the skin friction showed a decrease over the unblown cases with the permeable wall. However, substantial blowing was required to reduce the skin friction below that obtained on the solid, smooth wall at the same conditions. The logarithmic region of the law-of-the-wall with blowing was found to be independent of the blowing rate over the range tested when compared to the porous, unblown wall results. These experimental data were used to construct extensions of both the Van Driest and Reichardt transport models. The Reichardt model proved more useful, and excellent results were achieved. A,A',B A +