gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Sca‐1 <sup>+</sup> /CD31 <sup>−</sup> Cardiac Progenitor Cell Population in Postinfarction Left Ventricular Remodeling (2006)

Cardiac stem cell-like populations exist in adult hearts, and their roles in cardiac repair remain to be defined. Sca-1 is an important surface marker for cardiac and other somatic stem cells. We hypothesized that heart-derived Sca-1 / CD31 cells may play a role in myocardial infarction-induced cardiac repair/remodeling. Mouse heart-derived Sca-1 /CD31 cells cultured in vitro could be induced to express both endothelial cell and cardiomyocyte markers. Immunofluorescence staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis indicated that endogenous Sca-1 /CD31 cells were significantly increased in the mouse heart 7 days after myocardial infarction (MI). Western blotting confirmed elevated Sca-1 protein expression in myocardium 7 days after MI. Transplantation of Sca-1 /CD31 cells into the acutely infarcted mouse heart attenuated the functional decline and adverse structural remodeling initiated by MI as evidenced by an increased left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, a decreased LV end-diastolic dimension, a decreased LV endsystolic dimension, a significant increase of myocardial neovascularization, and modest cardiomyocyte regeneration. Attenuation of LV remodeling was accompanied by remarkably improved myocardial bioenergetic characteristics. The beneficial effects of cell transplantation appear to primarily depend on paracrine effects of the transplanted cells on new vessel formation and native cardiomyocyte function. Sca-1 / CD31 cells may hold therapeutic possibilities with regard to the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Speech enhancement using a masking threshold constrained Kalman filter and its heuristic implementations (2005)

A masking threshold constrained Kalman filter for speech enhancement is derived in the paper. A key step in a traditional Kalman filter requires minimizing an estimation error variance between a clean signal and its estimation. Our new method is to minimize the estimation error variance under the constraint that the energy of the estimation error is smaller than a masking threshold, computed from both time-domain forward masking and frequency-domain simultaneous masking properties of human auditory systems. The new Kalman filter provides a theoretical base for the application of the masking properties in Kalman filtering for speech enhancement. Due to the high computation cost of the proposed perceptually constrained Kalman filter, a perceptual post-filter concatenated with a standard Kalman filter is also proposed as a heuristic alternative for real-time implementation. The post-filter is constructed to make the estimation error obtained from the Kalman filter lower than the masking threshold. A wavelet Kalman filter with post-filtering is introduced to further reduce the computational load. Experimental results with colored noise show that the new constrained Kalman filter method produces the best performance when compared with other recent methods, and that the proposed heuristics with post-filtering can also produce a significant performance gain over other recent methods.
Unique efficiency of methionine metabolism in premenopausal women may protect against vascular disease in the reproductive years. (1983)

Premenopausal women develop occlusive artery disease less frequently than postmenopausal women. In coronary heart disease, higher blood levels of homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulphide have been reported. Therefore, in healthy subjects, we studied the role of menopausal status in the transsulphuration of methionine in 10 premenopausal and 10 postmenopausal women. To exclude the role of aging, we compared these results with those in 10 younger and 10 older men of comparable age groups. An oral methionine load (0.1 g/kg of body weight) was administered after overnight fasting. Before and during 8 h, thereafter, serum levels of methionine, homocystine, and homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulphide were measured. In the fasting state, serum methionine levels were similar in the premenopausal women and both groups of men. Postmenopausal women had significantly lower fasting levels. Peak levels and clearances of methionine after loading did not differ between the groups. In the fasting state, homocystine was never detectable; yet, after methionine loading, slight homocystinemia was present in 12 out of 20 men, and was more pronounced in all postmenopausal women. However, homocystinemia did not occur in any of the premenopausal women after loading. Fasting serum homocysteine-cysteine mixed disulphide levels did not differ between both groups of men and postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, both fasting and postloading disulphide levels were significantly lower than in any other group. We conclude that premenopausal women have a unique efficiency of methionine handling, and thereby are preserved against the accumulation of homocysteine after methionine loading. We speculate that this phenomenon might account for the lower incidence of vascular disease in women in the reproductive life cycle.
Microgel based materials for controlled macromolecule delivery. (2005)

This dissertation focuses on utilization of poly(N-isopropylacylamide) (pNIPAm) based mirogels for regulated macromolecule drug delivery applications. There is particular emphasis on incorporation of stimuli responsive materials into multi-layer thin film constructs with the main goal being fabrication of highly functional materials with tunable release characteristics. Chapter 1 gives a broad overview of hydrogel and microgel materials focusing on fundamental properties of pNIPAm derived materials. Chapter 2 illustrates the progression of controlled macromolecule release from hydrogel and microgel materials and sets up the scope of this thesis work. Chapter 3 details studies on thermally modulated insulin release from microgel thin films where extended pulsatile release capabilities are shown. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on more fundamental synthesis and characterization studies of PEG and acrylic acid modified pNIPAm microgels that could ultimately lead to the design of protein loaded microgel films with tunable release characteristics. Chapter 6 illustrates fundamental macromolecule loading strategies, which could also prove useful in future protein drug delivery design using stimuli responsive networks. Chapter 7 concentrates on direct insulin release studies that probe the interaction between entrapped and freely diffusing protein and microgels. These model experiments could prove useful in design of tunable macromolecule drug release from functionally modified microgels and could aid in the tailored design of peptide-loaded microgel thin films. Chapter 8 discusses the future outlook of controlled macromolecule release from microgel based materials.
Quantification of heart rate variability by discrete nonstationary non-Markov stochastic processes (2002)

We develop the statistical theory of discrete nonstationary non-Markov random processes in complex systems. The objective of this paper is to find the chain of finite-difference non-Markov kinetic equations for time correlation functions (TCF) in terms of nonstationary effects. The developed theory starts from careful analysis of time correlation through nonstationary dynamics of vectors of initial and final states and nonstationary normalized TCF. Using the projection operators technique we find the chain of finite-difference non-Markov kinetic equations for discrete nonstationary TCF and for the set of nonstationary discrete memory functions (MF's). The last one contains supplementary information about nonstationary properties of the complex system on the whole. Another relevant result of our theory is the construction of the set of dynamic parameters of nonstationarity, which contains some information of the nonstationarity effects. The full set of dynamic, spectral and kinetic parameters, and kinetic functions (TCF, short MF's statistical spectra of non-Markovity parameter, and statistical spectra of nonstationarity parameter) has made it possible to acquire the in-depth information about discreteness, non-Markov effects, long-range memory, and nonstationarity of the underlying processes. The developed theory is applied to analyze the long-time (Holter) series of RR intervals of human ECG's. We had two groups of patients: the healthy ones and the patients after myocardial infarction. In both groups we observed effects of fractality, standard and restricted self-organized criticality, and also a certain specific arrangement of spectral lines. The received results demonstrate that the power spectra of all orders (n=1,2, ...) MF m(n)(t) exhibit the neatly expressed fractal features. We have found out that the full sets of non-Markov, discrete and nonstationary parameters can serve as reliable and powerful means of diagnosis of the cardiovascular system states and can be used to distinguish healthy data from pathologic data.
Proteins synthesized by the rat endometrium during early pregnancy (1984)

Rat uteri from animals at pro-oestrus and Days 3-6 of pregnancy were incubated in vitro in the presence of [35S]methionine. Labelled endometrial proteins from each sample were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and resolved by fluorography. A group of 16 proteins that are synthesized only on specific days was defined. On Day 5, the day of embryo implantation, only 3 of these 16 proteins were synthesized. Of 8 proteins synthesized on both Days 3 and 6, 5 were also found on Day 4, but only 1 was synthesized on Day 5. These results demonstrate that during the interval in which implantation is initiated, no unique proteins are produced but several protein species are no longer synthesized by the endometrium.
Offset compensation in comparators with minimum input-referred supply noise (2004)

The resolution of a comparator is determined by the dc input offset and the ac noise. For mixed-mode applications with significant digital switching, input-referred supply noise can be a significant source of error. This paper proposes an offset compensation technique that can simultaneously minimize input-referred supply noise. Demonstrated with digital offset compensation, this scheme reduces input-referred supply noise to a small fraction (13%) of one least significant bit (LSB) digital offset. In addition, the same analysis can be applied to analog offset compensation.
Vertical Transistor With n-Bridge and Body on Gate for Low-Power 1T-DRAM Application (2017)

In this paper, we propose a vertical transistor with n-bridge and body on gate (BOG-DRAM) for Low-power 1T-DRAM application. The vertical channel of the device can reduce the short-channel effect and improve scalability. The storage region stacked on the gate leads to the efficient utilization of storage space. The device with junctionless channel layers on three sides can improve writing time. The conventional current bridge device only has one side gatecontrol depletion region, but the proposed BOG-DRAM has triple-side gate-control depletion region which can improve programming window at shorter gate lengths. BOG-DRAM achieves programming window of 33.6 μA/μm when the storage length is 20 nm. In addition, the work function offset is exploited for low-power application.
Toxicity of photodynamic therapy after combined external beam radiotherapy and intraluminal brachytherapy for carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (2001)

Patients with upper aerodigestive tract carcinoma who have received treatment with both external beam irradiation and IB seem to be at higher risk for complications when treated with PDT.
Role-based authorization constraints specification using Object Constraint Language (2002)

The purpose of access control is to limit the actions on a computer system that a legitimate user can perform. Role-based access control (RBAC) has generated great interest in the security community as a flexible approach in access control. An important aspect of RBAC is constraints that constrain what components in RBAC are allowed to do. Although researchers have identified useful constraints using formal specification languages such as RCL2000, there still exists a demand to have constraint specification languages for system developers who are working on secure systems development. The authors discuss another approach to specifying constraints using a de facto constraint specification language in the software engineering arena. We use a declarative language, Object Constraint Language (OCL) that is part of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and has been used in object oriented analysis and design. We describe how to specify previously identified role-based authorization constraints, and the future direction of this work is also addressed.
Using contextual analysis for news event detection (2001)

The rapidly growing amount of newswire stories stored in electronic devices raises new challenges for information retrieval technology. Traditional query-driven retrieval is not suitable for generic queries. It is desirable to have an intelligent system to automatically locate topically related events or topics in a continuous stream of newswire stories. This is the goal of automatic event detection. We propose a new approach to performing event detection from multilingual newswire stories. Unlike traditional methods which employ simple keyword matching, our method makes use of concept terms and named entities such as person, location, and organization names. Concept terms of a story are derived from statistical context analysis between sentences in the news story and stories in the concept database. We have conducted a set of experiments to study the effectiveness of our approach. The results show that the performance of detection using concept terms together with story keywords is better than traditional methods which only use keyword representation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A fuzzy-logic concept for highly fast and accurate position control of industrial robots (2002)

Different approaches of a learnable fuzzy-logic (FL) concept for highly fast and accurate position control of industrial robots are presented which provide both time-optimality for large position errors as well as well damped response (no overshoot) near the target. For automatic optimization of the control parameters an additional neural-network component is introduced. Based on simulation and experiments the performance and robustness of the presented FL concept are discussed.
Origin and minimization of residual motion‐related artifacts in navigator‐corrected segmented diffusion‐weighted EPI of the human brain (2002)

Motion sensitivity in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can be effectively suppressed using single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI). However, segmented (multishot) EPI is often used to increase resolution and reduce spatial distortions, which in turn increases susceptibility to brain motion. The sources of these residual motion artifacts in navigator-echo-corrected segmented EPI images of the brain were investigated. The results indicate that the dominant source of these artifacts is cardiac pulsation with occasional involuntary movement of the subject. The relationship between the cardiac cycle and motion artifacts shows that optimum timing for the data acquisition is possible. In addition it is shown that the effects of involuntary motion can be removed by swapping k-space data between redundant datasets.
Invasion of human cartilage by cultured multicellular spheroids of rheumatoid synovial cells--a novel in vitro model system for rheumatoid arthritis. (1998)

Our results indicate that spheroid/cartilage co-cultures seem to be a suitable in vitro model for the study of destructive cellular mechanisms that occur in RA.
The ZiReal Post: A New Ceramic Implant Abutment (2003)

Restorations in the anterior esthetic zone present significant challenges in both the surgical and prosthetic phases of implant dentistry. Titanium has been established as the material of choice for endosseous implants, resulting in a high degree of predictability. Many types of implants require transmucosal abutments to retain implant restorations. Ceramics may be the ideal material to replace natural teeth, but most transmucosal abutments are made of titanium. However, ceramics may also be used as abutments in implant restorations. This combination of ceramics for abutment and crown provides better translucency for the implant restoration than is available with metal abutments and porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns. Ceramic abutments and implant restorations also minimize the gray color associated with metal components that is transmitted through the peri-implant tissues. Customized emergence profiles also may be obtained with ceramic abutments; this generally improves the predictability and consistency of the esthetics obtainable in implant restorations. Zirconia as a ceramic material offers not only outstanding material properties but also a well-documented biocompatibility.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Species of the meso-Diaminopimelic Acid-Containing Genera Brevibacterium and Dermabacter (1994)

16S rRNA gene sequencing studies were performed on Dermabacter hominis and four meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing species of the genus Brevibacterium. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close association between Dermabacter hominis and representatives of the lysine-containing genera Arthrobacter, Micrococcus, and Renibacterium. By contrast, the genus Brevibacterium formed a distinct line of descent within the high-guanine-plus-cytosine-containing actinomycetes, displaying no specific affinity with any other organism examined.
Circular Dichroism Studies on Chiral 1,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-2H-1,5- benzodiazepin-2-ones (1995)

From forty one chiral benzodiazepin-2-ones the UV and CD data are reported and the bands discussed with respect to corresponding electronic transitions respectively stereochemical features.
Comparison of SAM-Based Junctions with Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/EGaIn Top Electrodes to Other Large-Area Tunneling Junctions (2012)

This paper compares the J(V) characteristics obtained for self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based tunneling junctions with top electrodes of the liquid eutectic of gallium and indium (EGaIn) fabricated using two different procedures: (i) stabilizing the EGaIn electrode in PDMS microchannels and (ii) suspending the EGaIn electrode from the tip of a syringe. These two geometries of the EGaIn electrode (with, at least when in contact with air, its solid Ga2O3 surface film) produce indistinguishable data. The junctions incorporated SAMs of SCn–1CH3 (with n = 12, 14, 16, or 18) supported on ultraflat, template-stripped silver electrodes. Both methods generated high yields of junctions (70–85%) that were stable enough to conduct measurements of J(V) with statistically large numbers of data (N = 400–1000). The devices with the top electrode stabilized in microchannels also made it possible to conduct measurements of J(V) as a function of temperature, almost down to liquid nitrogen temperatures (T = 110–293 K). The J(V) characteristics were independent of T, and linear in the low-bias regime (−0.10 to 0.10V); the current density decreased exponentially with increasing thickness of the SAM. These observations indicate that tunneling is the main mechanism of charge transport across these junctions. Both methods gave values of the tunneling decay coefficient, β, of ∼1.0 nC–1 (∼0.80 Å–1), and the pre-exponential factor, J0 (which is a constant that includes contact resistance), of ∼3.0 × 102 A/cm2. Comparison of the electrical characteristics of the junctions generated using EGaIn by both methods against the results of other systems for measuring charge transport indicated that the value of β generated using EGaIn electrodes is compatible with the consensus of values reported in the literature. Although there is no consensus for the value of J0, the value of J0 estimated using the Ga2O3/EGaIn electrode is compatible with other values reported in the literature. The agreement of experimental values of β across a number of experimental platforms provides strong evidence that the structures of the SAMs—including their molecular and supramolecular structure, and their interfaces with the electrodes—dominate charge transport in both types of EGaIn junctions. These results establish that studies of J(V) characteristics of AgTS-SAM//Ga2O3/EGaIn junctions are dominated by the structure of the organic component of the SAM, and not by artifacts due to the electrodes, the resistance of the Ga2O3 surface film, or to the work functions of the metals.
The Development and Testing of a Gas Turbine Engine Foreign Object Damage (FOD) Detection System (2010)

This paper details the development of a prototype in-flight foreign object damage (FOD) detection system through various stages, resulting in a system capable of detecting objects as small as one gram (1g) mass. The system comprises an eddy current sensor based tip timing system and acoustic emissions vibration sensors controlled through a digital signal processor (DSP). QinetiQ have developed light weight, contamination-immune eddy current tip timing sensors for use in engine health management. Engine tests confirmed these sensors’ potential for detecting FOD events. FOD detection algorithms were developed and implemented in a prototype DSP that was built and tested on an uninstalled gas turbine engine. The trials showed that the prototype DSP FOD detection system could detect dynamic FOD events at full engine speed. Further work was carried out to enhance the FOD detection system, overcoming limitations in the previous system through the implementation of enhanced algorithms and its extension to accept four eddy current sensor inputs as well as a vibration signal input from an acoustic emissions (AE) sensor. An algorithm that computes engine speed from the tip timing data was also implemented to alleviate the need for a separate 1/rev signal. A number of engine trials were successfully completed in order to validate the system. The speed algorithm has been successfully validated on engine trials and comparisons with a conventional optical based 1/rev showed the DSP-generated 1/rev signals to be almost identical to the conventional system. Typically, the error was in the region of 0.03% speed. The investigations culminated in a test series designed to ascertain the system’s sensitivity to foreign object impacts. These demonstrated that the system was capable of detecting objects down to one gram (1g) mass introduced at low speed into the engine intake.
School‐focused INSET: clients and consultants (1980)

(1980). School‐focused INSET: clients and consultants. British Journal of In-Service Education: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 83-88.
Broadcast scheduling algorithms for radio networks (2002)

We investigate scheduling problems associated with radio networks using models based on graphs. Scheduling in networks is typically solved using graph coloring algorithms. In many cases the coloring algorithms are based on simplifying assumptions about the network structure. We show the limitations of the current models and propose modifications. The current models do not address the nonuniform transceiver/transmitter networks and they over-restrict transceiver interconnections. We develop algorithms which are more specific to the domain of radio network scheduling. We compare the performance of the earlier algorithms to our algorithms. The results are analyzed with respect to both execution time and quality of solution for networks of various sizes and densities.