gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Point Mutation in Essential Genes with Loss or Mutation of the Second Allele (2001)

Antigens that are tumor specific yet retained by tumor cells despite tumor progression offer stable and specific targets for immunologic and possibly other therapeutic interventions. Therefore, we have studied two CD4(+) T cell-recognized tumor-specific antigens that were retained during evolution of two ultraviolet-light-induced murine cancers to more aggressive growth. The antigens are ribosomal proteins altered by somatic tumor-specific point mutations, and the progressor (PRO) variants lack the corresponding normal alleles. In the first tumor, 6132A-PRO, the antigen is encoded by a point-mutated L9 ribosomal protein gene. The tumor lacks the normal L9 allele because of an interstitial deletion from chromosome 5. In the second tumor, 6139B-PRO, both alleles of the L26 gene have point mutations, and each encodes a different tumor-specific CD4(+) T cell-recognized antigen. Thus, for both L9 and L26 genes, we observe "two hit" kinetics commonly observed in genes suppressing tumor growth. Indeed, reintroduction of the lost wild-type L9 allele into the 6132A-PRO variant suppressed the growth of the tumor cells in vivo. Since both L9 and L26 encode proteins essential for ribosomal biogenesis, complete loss of the tumor-specific target antigens in the absence of a normal allele would abrogate tumor growth.
Preparation and Properties of Plutonium-Bearing Oxide Particulates (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Properties of Plutonium-Bearing Oxide ParticulatesL. V. Jones, Donald Ofte, K. D. Phipps, and P. A. TuckerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1964, 3, 2, 78–82Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360010a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i360010a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views53Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
On-the-Fly Adaptation of Source Code Models using Meta-Learning (2020)

The ability to adapt to unseen, local contexts is an important challenge that successful models of source code must overcome. One of the most popular approaches for the adaptation of such models is dynamic evaluation. With dynamic evaluation, when running a model on an unseen file, the model is updated immediately after having observed each token in that file. In this work, we propose instead to frame the problem of context adaptation as a meta-learning problem. We aim to train a base source code model that is best able to learn from information in a file to deliver improved predictions of missing tokens. Unlike dynamic evaluation, this formulation allows us to select more targeted information (support tokens) for adaptation, that is both before and after a target hole in a file. We consider an evaluation setting that we call line-level maintenance, designed to reflect the downstream task of code auto-completion in an IDE. Leveraging recent developments in meta-learning such as first-order MAML and Reptile, we demonstrate improved performance in experiments on a large scale Java GitHub corpus, compared to other adaptation baselines including dynamic evaluation. Moreover, our analysis shows that, compared to a non-adaptive baseline, our approach improves performance on identifiers and literals by 44\% and 15\%, respectively.
A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF UTAH MAMMALOGY; INCLUDING REFERENCES TO NAMES AND TYPE LOCALITIES (FIRST SUPPLEMENT) (1941)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Multiple order-entry points in e-business: Issues and challenges (2002)

Many formerly traditional retail organizations now include functionality for on-line order fulfillment in addition to traditional order processing at physical retail stores. The coexistence of these two types of order fulfillment creates a hybrid distribution system. One of the distinguishing features of this type of distribution system is its multiple order-entry (and consequently order-processing) points: one at the retail outlets and one at the distribution center(s). The new challenges introduced by the hybrid distribution system exist on many levels, including the co-existence of multiple requirements associated with differences in: demand pattern (and consequently, differences in material handling and storage requirements), shipping and transportation methods, inventory systems, information systems, and performance measurement. This paper describes the major issues and challenges associated with hybrid distribution systems and identifies directions for future research.
Analysis of Iterative Waterfilling Algorithm for Multiuser Power Control in Digital Subscriber Lines (2006)

We present an equivalent linear complementarity problem (LCP) formulation of the noncooperative Nash game resulting from the DSL power control problem. Based on this LCP reformulation, we establish the linear convergence of the popular distributed iterative waterfilling algorithm (IWFA) for arbitrary symmetric interference environment and for certain asymmetric channel conditions with any number of users. In the case of symmetric interference crosstalk coefficients, we show that the users of IWFA in fact, unknowingly but willingly, cooperate to minimize a common quadratic cost function whose gradient measures the received signal power from all users. This is surprising since the DSL users in the IWFA have no intention to cooperate as each maximizes its own rate to reach a Nash equilibrium. In the case of asymmetric coefficients, the convergence of the IWFA is due to a contraction property of the iterates. In addition, the LCP reformulation enables us to solve the DSL power control problem under no restrictions on the interference coefficients using existing LCP algorithms, for example, Lemke's method. Indeed, we use the latter method to benchmark the empirical performance of IWFA in the presence of strong crosstalk interference.
Optimal curvature-compensated BiCMOS bandgap reference (2002)

A bandgap voltage reference with a circuit providing compensation of the thermal nonlinearity for the base emitter voltage is described. The temperature dependence of V/sub BE/(T) is linearized using, as the bias current, a current which is proportional with the n-th degree of absolute temperature. Theoretical calculations show that the thermal instability of the output reference voltage can be strongly reduced if the parameter n is choosen equal with a value fixed only by the technological process. The curvature-corrected bandgap voltage reference is implemented in BiCMOS technology and presents a very small temperature coefficient. SPICE simulation using MOSIS 0.8/spl mu/ is used to verify the analysis.
ENERGY COMSUMPTION IN STEAM BLANCHERS<sup>1</sup> (1981)

ABSTRACT The energy consumption of several steam blanchers was monitored to identify design characteristics which are most energy conserving. Hydrostatically sealing the units to prevent escape of steam was shown to be significant in reducing energy usage. Results are compared with estimates of energy efficiency found in the literature and are shown to be in agreement.
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody complexes on platelets of seropositive thrombocytopenic homosexuals and narcotic addicts. (1988)

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection develop an immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with markedly elevated platelet IgG, IgM, and C3C4 as well as serum immune complexes determined by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) method. Analysis of their serum PEG-precipitable immune complexes as well as platelet acid eluates revealed the presence of anti-HIV-1 antibody existing as a complex that eluted in the void volume of a Sephadex G-200 gel-filtration column. The complex binds to washed normal platelets, whereas affinity-purified anti-HIV-1 (gp120) antibody does not. HIV-1 antigen or proviral DNA was not detectable in the immune complexes or platelet extracts. However, anti-antibodies directed against anti-HIV-1 antibody were detectable in the immune complexes as well as platelet eluates. Approximately 50% of eluted platelet IgG contained anti-HIV-1 antibody. Thus the markedly elevated platelet immunoglobulin is partly due to the presence of anti-HIV-1 antibody complexes. This may be responsible for the enhanced platelet clearance and thrombocytopenia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related immunologic thrombocytopenia.
Evolutionary algorithms with dynamic population size and local exploration for multiobjective optimization (2001)

Evolutionary algorithms have been recognized to be well suited for multiobjective optimization. These methods, however, need to "guess" for an optimal constant population size in order to discover the usually sophisticated tradeoff surface. This paper addresses the issue by presenting a novel incrementing multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (IMOEA) with dynamic population size that is computed adaptively according to the online discovered tradeoff surface and its desired population distribution density. It incorporates the method of fuzzy boundary local perturbation with interactive local fine tuning for broader neighborhood exploration. This achieves better convergence as well as discovering any gaps or missing tradeoff regions at each generation. Other advanced features include a proposed preserved strategy to ensure better stability and diversity of the Pareto front and a convergence representation based on the concept of online population domination to provide useful information. Extensive simulations are performed on two benchmark and one practical engineering design problems.
Sex and the single cell: meiosis in yeast. (1995)

Recent studies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of meiotic chromosome behavior. Structural components of the synaptonemal complex have been identified and studies of mutants defective in synapsis have provided insight into the role of the synaptonemal complex in homolog pairing, genetic recombination, crossover interference, and meiotic chromosome segregation. There is compelling evidence that most or all meiotic recombination events initiate with double-strand breaks. Several intermediates in the double-strand break repair pathway have been characterized and mutants blocked at different steps in the pathway have been identified. With the application of genetic, molecular, cytological, and biochemical methods in a single organism, we can expect an increasingly comprehensive and unified view of the meiotic process.
Effects of an N-type Calcium Channel Antagonist (SNX 111; Ziconotide) on Calcium-45 Accumulation Following Fluid-Percussion Injury (1999)

Accumulation of calcium following experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been demonstrated to be a prominent pathophysiological component that can compromise mitochondrial functioning and threaten cell survival. The omega-conopeptide SNX-111, also known as Ziconotide, is a potent antagonist of the voltage-gated N-type calcium channel and has demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects against ischemia-induced neuronal injury. To determine whether this compound would be effective in reducing calcium accumulation associated with TBI, SNX-111 was administered intravenously to rats 1 hour following a moderate (2.2 to 2.75 atm) lateral fluid-percussion injury (or sham) at doses of 1 (n = 30), 3 (n = 31), or 5 (n = 30) mg/kg; another group received 0.9% saline solution (n = 35). Brains were processed for calcium 45 (45Ca) autoradiography at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours following insult. Optical density measurements of 20 cortical and subcortical regions were analyzed. Injured animals administered saline solution exhibited a significant increase in 45Ca uptake within 12 regions ipsilateral to the site of injury. The most prominent increases were evident throughout the ipsilateral cerebral cortex. SNX-111 reduced the injury-induced calcium accumulation within the ipsilateral cortex in a dose-response fashion when measured at 6, 12, and 48 hours after insult. These drug-induced reductions in calcium accumulation were as high as 75% in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex, and up to 50% in other ipsilateral regions (including thalamus and hippocampus). Consequently, the results suggest that posttraumatic blocking of the voltage-gated N-type calcium channel after injury reduces prolonged, trauma-induced calcium accumulation.
Visualisation of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in the Virtual Pathological Heart (2010)

While there has been significant progress in the treatment of ischemic heart failure, it remains a significant health and economic problem worldwide. In this paper, we present the challenges of modelling ischemic heart failure and introduce a user-friendly software system that will be a sub-set of the Virtual Pathological Heart environment which is currently being developed under the FP7 VPH2 project. This will provide patient-specific computational modelling and simulation of the human heart to assist the cardiologist and the cardiac surgeon in defining the severity and extent of disease in patients with post-ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction. The proposed system will provide visualisation tools for surgical assessment and planning: the registration and display of necrotic and hypo-kinetic regions; simulated surgical restoration (cutting and patching); and finally post-operative functional prediction (volume, shape and mitral valve regurgitation).
Visualization of Multidimensional Sensor Data in Industrial Engineering (2013)

Sensors have become increasingly deployed in many areas, and especially in industrial engineering settings. Sensor data is however temporal, massive, and multidimensional in nature. Such characteristics make it difficult to render sensor data for visual analysis. Although there exist potential visualizations for sensor data, there is very little specific guidance in literature on the visualization of sensor data in order to support industrial engineers in decision making. Existing visualizations are not always readily applicable to the domain of industrial engineering. This paper sheds more light on the area and proposes a visualization environment for supporting industrial engineers in their tasks.
Recovering primitives in 3D CAD meshes (2010)

In an industrial context, recovering a continuous model is necessary to make modifications or to exchange data with a format including continuous representation of objects like STEP. But for many reasons, the initial continuous object can be lost after a display or an exchange with a discretized format. The mesh can also be deformed after a numerical computation. It is then important to have a method to create a new continuous model of the object from a mesh. In case of CAD object, the first step is to detect simple primitives like: plane, sphere, cone and cylinder from a 3D CAD mesh. This paper is focused on this step. This method of detection use curvature features to recover each primitive type. Segmentation is based on the curvature feature computed for each vertex. It permits to extract sub-meshes. Each one corresponds to a primitive. Parameters of these primitives are found with a fitting process according to the curvature features.
Predicting the effect of transfusing only phenotype‐matched RBCs to patients with sickle cell disease: theoretical and practical implications (2002)

Limited phenotype matching would have prevented all alloantibodies in 53.3 percent of the patients who formed alloantibodies. This protocol requires RBCs that are readily available. Extended phenotype matching would have prevented alloimmunization in 70.8 percent of patients who formed alloantibodies. However, this would require phenotypes that are 22.7 times less prevalent among random blood donors and is therefore impractical for a long-term strategy.
GPS multipath mitigation by antenna movements (1992)

The effects of multipath when rotating the antenna of a GPS receiver are investigated. It is demonstrated that range errors decrease considerably (a factor 7 is possible). Measurements confirm the given analysis.
Noseleaf Furrows in a Horseshoe Bat Act as Resonance Cavities Shaping the Biosonar Beam (2006)

Horseshoe bats emit their ultrasonic biosonar pulses through nostrils surrounded by intricately shaped protuberances (noseleaves). While these noseleaves have been hypothesized to affect the sonar beam, their physical function has never been analyzed. Using numerical methods, we show that conspicuous furrows in the noseleaf act as resonance cavities shaping the sonar beam. This demonstrates that (a) animals can use resonances in external, half-open cavities to direct sound emissions, (b) structural detail in the faces of bats can have acoustic effects even if it is not adjacent to the emission sites, and (c) specializations in the biosonar system of horseshoe bats allow for differential processing of subbands of the pulse in the acoustic domain.
Resveratrol attenuates steatosis in obese Zucker rats by decreasing fatty acid availability and reducing oxidative stress (2011)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common manifestations of chronic liver disease worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of resveratrol on liver fat accumulation, as well as on the activity of those enzymes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in fa/fa Zucker rats. A total of thirty rats were assigned to three experimental groups and orally treated with resveratrol for 6 weeks, or without resveratrol (C: control group; RSV15 group: 15 mg/kg body weight per d; RSV45 group: 45 mg/kg body weight per d). Liver histological analysis was performed by microscopy. Levels of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-Ia (CPT-Ia), acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACO), fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme were assessed by spectrophotometry, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase was assessed by radiometry. Commercial kits were used to determine serum TAG, NEFA, total HDL and non-HDL-cholesterol, glycerol, ketonic bodies, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic TAG, thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates, GSH (GSSG) and superoxide dismutase. Resveratrol reduced liver weight and TAG content. It did not modify the activity of lipogenic enzymes but it did increase CPT-Ia and ACO activities. NEFA and ALP were reduced in both resveratrol-treated groups. AST/GOT was reduced only by the lowest dose. ALT/GPT, TAG and adiponectin remained unchanged. Resveratrol reduced liver oxidative stress. This study demonstrates that resveratrol can protect the liver from NAFLD by reducing fatty acid availability. Moreover, resveratrol also protects liver from oxidative stress.
Role of Mid-urethral High Pressure Zone in Spontaneous Bacterial Ascent (1973)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 1973Role of Mid-urethral High Pressure Zone in Spontaneous Bacterial Ascent Michael E. Mayo, and Frank Hinman Michael E. MayoMichael E. Mayo More articles by this author , and Frank HinmanFrank Hinman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)60403-8AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1973 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByHinman F (2018) Nonneurogenic Neurogenic Bladder (The Hinman Syndrome)–15 Years LaterJournal of Urology, VOL. 136, NO. 4, (769-777), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1986.Gleason D, Reilly R, Bottaccini M and Pierce M (2018) The Urethral Continence Zone and its Relation to Stress IncontinenceJournal of Urology, VOL. 112, NO. 1, (81-88), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1974.Hinman F (2018) Washout of Resident and Introduced Bacteria by Constant Flow Through the Intact and Modified Canine Urethra and Latex TubingJournal of Urology, VOL. 111, NO. 2, (194-197), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1974.Davis D (2018) Editorial: Hydrodynamics (Urodynamics) of the Lower Urinary Tract: Its Importance to Clinical Urology and NephrologyJournal of Urology, VOL. 111, NO. 4, (419-419), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1974. Volume 109Issue 2February 1973Page: 268-272 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1973 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Michael E. Mayo More articles by this author Frank Hinman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
The physiological basis of pulmonary gas exchange: implications for clinical interpretation of arterial blood gases (2014)

The field of pulmonary gas exchange is mature, with the basic principles developed more than 60 years ago. Arterial blood gas measurements (tensions and concentrations of O₂ and CO₂) constitute a mainstay of clinical care to assess the degree of pulmonary gas exchange abnormality. However, the factors that dictate arterial blood gas values are often multifactorial and complex, with six different causes of hypoxaemia (inspiratory hypoxia, hypoventilation, ventilation/perfusion inequality, diffusion limitation, shunting and reduced mixed venous oxygenation) contributing variably to the arterial O₂ and CO₂ tension in any given patient. Blood gas values are then usually further affected by the body's abilities to compensate for gas exchange disturbances by three tactics (greater O₂ extraction, increasing ventilation and increasing cardiac output). This article explains the basic principles of gas exchange in health, mechanisms of altered gas exchange in disease, how the body compensates for abnormal gas exchange, and based on these principles, the tools available to interpret blood gas data and, quantitatively, to best understand the physiological state of each patient. This understanding is important because therapeutic intervention to improve abnormal gas exchange in any given patient needs to be based on the particular physiological mechanisms affecting gas exchange in that patient.