gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electroluminescence and photoluminescence of Ge-implanted Si/SiO2/Si structures (1995)

Electroluminescent devices were fabricated in SiO2 films containing Ge nanocrystals formed by ion implantation and precipitation during annealing at 900 °C, and the visible room-temperature electroluminescence and photoluminescence spectra were found to be broadly similar. The electroluminescent devices have an onset for emission in reverse bias of approximately −10 V, suggesting that the mechanism for carrier excitation may be an avalanche breakdown caused by injection of hot carriers into the oxide. The electroluminescent emission was stable for periods exceeding 6 h.
Association of Tyr phosphorylation of GTPase-activating protein with mitogenic action of serotonin (1997)

We have previously shown that serotonin (5-HT) induces both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC) but not of endothelial cells (EC) through its high-affinity uptake. The present studies demonstrate rapid enhancement by 5-HT of Tyr phosphorylation of proteins, including p120, which also occurs in SMC but not in EC. The p120 protein was identified as GTPase-activating protein (GAP) by immunoprecipitation. Its phosphorylation occurred within minutes and preceded other events associated with 5-HT-induced mitogenesis. Tyr kinase (TK) and 5-HT uptake inhibitors and 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate blocked both the 5-HT-induced DNA synthesis and Tyr phosphorylation of GAP. Vanadate elevated DNA synthesis and Tyr phosphorylation of GAP of both control and 5-HT-treated cells. 5-HT failed to alter Tyr phosphorylation of GAP in cellular homogenates, as opposed to intact cells. In the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 5-HT inhibited cellular growth, presumably through its action on 5-HT1A or 5-HT4 receptors and elevation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, but this was not associated with an alteration of Tyr phosphorylation of GAP. Similarly, a 5-HT1 or 5-HT2 receptor agonist failed to stimulate Tyr phosphorylation or DNA synthesis of SMC. Stimulation of cellular proliferation and enlargement produced by 1 microM 5-HT were totally abolished by TK inhibitors that did not affect 5-HT uptake. These data indicate that Tyr phosphorylation of GAP may act as an intermediate signal in 5-HT-induced mitogenesis of SMC which requires cellular internalization of 5-HT rather than its action on a membrane receptor.
High Quality Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposited Silicon Nitride Films (1993)

The qualities of plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) silicon nitride films can be improved by increasing the deposition temperature. This report compares PECVD silicon nitride films to low pressure chemical vapor deposited (LPCVD) films. The dependence of the film properties on process parameters, specifically power and temperature, are investigated. The stress is shown to shift from tensile to compressive with increasing temperature and power. The deposition rate, uniformity, wet etch rate, index of refraction, composition, stress, hydrogen content, and conformality are considered to evaluate the film properties. Temperature affects the hydrogen content in the films by causing decreased incorporation of N‐H containing species whereas the dependence on power is due to changes in the gas‐phase precursors. All PECVD film properties, with the exception of conformality, are comparable to those of LPCVD films.
Effects of CCC on Drought Resistance of Triticum aestivum, L and Zea mays, L. (1973)

Application of CCC to wheat and maize reduced transpiration in both soil and solution cultures. This reduction in transpiration was a result of CCC reducing leaf area and increasing the root/shoot ratio. CCC-treated plants did not show an increased tolerance to internal water deficits induced by osmotic shocks or desiccation. CCC did increase the drought resistance of young wheat and maize plants, but only by delaying the onset of severe internal water deficits, i.e. by drought avoidance.
Reliability and durability from large heat recovery steam generators (1999)

Experience with heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) designed for larger-heat-input and higher-steam conditions highlights limitations in some features of traditional designs extrapolated from smaller HRSGs that operated predominantly continuously. Many combined-cycle units may be subjected to periods of regular overnight shut-down much earlier than expected and, unless anticipated during the initial design, there will be significant adverse impact on reliability and durability. Very premature problems already experienced on large HRSG designs in combined-cycle and cogeneration applications give an early warning that more widespread problems will arise as HRSGs are subjected to more thermal cycling. Problems that arise when inadequate attention is given to transient conditions over the full range of operation of the combined-cycle gas turbine unit, including at part loads, during shut-downs and restarts from diverse pre-start conditions, are highlighted. The paper gives examples of how the damage to HRSGs during shut-down and starts can be mitigated by minor modifications and sympathetic operating procedures and suggests how prudent purchasers can enhance reliability and lower lifetime costs at a small premium in installed cost by specification of appropriate design features. Other weaknesses which cause problems for operation and maintenance are discussed.
Isolation of Gelsedine-Type Indole Alkaloids from <i>Gelsemium elegans</i> and Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity of <i>Gelsemium</i> Alkaloids for A431 Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells. (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVErratumIsolation of Gelsedine-Type Indole Alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans and Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Gelsemium Alkaloids for A431 Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells.Mariko Kitajima, Tomonori Nakamura, Noriyuki Kogure, Mio Ogawa, Yuka Mitsuno, Kageyoshi Ono, Shingo Yano, Norio Aimi, and Hiromitsu TakayamaCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 2007, 70, 1, 142Publication Date (Web):December 16, 2006Publication History Published online16 December 2006Published inissue 1 January 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np068071khttps://doi.org/10.1021/np068071kcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views943Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (8 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A 700-kV direct-current electrostatic generator (1944)

This paper covers in some detail the construction, development and operation of a Van de Graaff type of electrostatic generator, which was originally designed to give an output current of one milliampere at a potential of seven hundred kilovolts, operating at atmospheric pressure. it will be seen that under certain conditions this current and voltage may be considerably exceeded. As the generator was originally intended for nuclear research in a restricted space, the overall dimensions were reduced to a minimum.
Double-pass imaging polarimetry in the human eye (1999)

A Mueller-matrix imaging polarimeter was developed to measure spatially resolved polarization properties in the living human eye. The apparatus is a double-pass setup that incorporates two liquid-crystal variable retarders and a slow-scan CCD camera in the recording stage. Series of 16 images for the combinations of independent polarization states in the first and second passages were recorded for two experimental conditions: with the camera conjugated either with the retina or with the eye's pupil plane. Spatially resolved collections of Mueller matrices and the degree of polarization were calculated from those images for both retinal and pupil planes.
Sorption of Oils by the Nonliving Biomass of a <i>Salvinia </i>sp. (2000)

The sorption of oils onto the dry biomass of the aquaphyte Salvinia sp. was studied at laboratory scale, and the results were compared to that obtained with a commercial oil sorbent, Peat Sorb, a processed peat. Studies included physical, chemical, and physicochemical characterization of the aquaphyte and the peat. The Salvinia sp. biomass was a better sorbent for oil than Peat Sorb (for a crude oil, 4.8 against 2.7 g of oil sorbed per g of biomass). Main factors that control the sorption process were the hydrophobicity of the biomass, particle size, the chemico-physical composition of the plant and the sorbate, and the capillary suction displayed by the plant biomass. The leaves of the plant, distributed primarily in the fraction greater than 1 mm, contain the majority of the hydrophobic groups, coming from microstructures (cuticular folds and wax crystal) and epicuticular wax. The capillarity may arise from both the micropores and from the interstices between hair-like surface projections. The roots, mainly the fraction less than 1 mm, contain a smaller percentage of hydrophobic groups, most of the mineral constituents (ash), and higher surface area (and porosity). Together, the hydrophobicity and the capillary effect due to pore structure of the plant and its parts are responsible for the oil sorption and the differences found. Technical implications of the practical use of this plant are considered in the final discussion.
Genetic and environmental determinants of human TCR repertoire diversity (2020)

T cell discrimination of self and non-self is the foundation of the adaptive immune response, and is orchestrated by the interaction between T cell receptors (TCRs) and their cognate ligands presented by major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules. However, the impact of host immunogenetic variation on the diversity of the TCR repertoire remains unclear. Here, we analyzed a cohort of 666 individuals with TCR repertoire sequencing. We show that TCR repertoire diversity is positively associated with polymorphism at the human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) loci, and diminishes with age and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Moreover, our analysis revealed that HLA-I polymorphism and age independently shape the repertoire in healthy individuals. Our data elucidate key determinants of human TCR repertoire diversity, and suggest a mechanism underlying the evolutionary fitness advantage of HLA-I heterozygosity.
The Thermal Conductivity of some Polycrystalline Solids at Low Temperatures (1952)

The thermal conductivities of polycrystalline alumina, beryllia and graphite have been measured between 2° K and room temperature The first two are dielectric solids but, even in the graphite specimens, the electronic contribution to the heat conduction is very small
The distributed programming environment on the Internet (1999)

A computing using distributed objects provides a flexible and scalable programming on the distributed and parallel programming environment. People work together on a scientific research, scholarly work, and software development with help from computers in the environment of the computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). The aim of this research work is to develop the cooperative programming environment -namely the Distributed Programming Environment (DPE) -supporting the distributed object computing on the distributed system such as the Internet. The system has been developed based on the CORBNJava on the Internet. This paper explains precisely our experience of the implementation and experimentation.
Processing: Possibilities for Therapeutic Recreation (2001)

Processing is a facilitation approach designed to facilitate learning, awareness, and change. Strategies such as frontloading, debriefing, providing immediate feedback, and use of metaphors are employed to assist individuals in interpreting their participation in activities. The purpose of this paper is to review literature to help determine how processing could be a facilitation technique used by therapeutic recreation (TR) practitioners. A review of terms, techniques, and research developments related to processing is provided. This literature review highlights the need for both research and staff training if processing is to be used effectively as a facilitation technique in TR.
Behavior of short-chilling peach varieties in Southern California after warm winter of 1960–1961 (1961)

In southern California peaches frequently are not exposed to winter chilling sufficient to break the rest period. The dormant condition of the flower and leaf buds is prolonged and symptoms sometimes known as delayed foliation appear. Flower and leaf bud growth are late and irregular; the fruit ripens irregularly and, in extreme cases, there is little or no crop. The fall and winter temperatures of the buds and twigs are critical. Pruning has a localized growth-stimulating effect and spraying at the proper time with an oil-in-water emulsion containing DNO—dinitro-o-cyclohexyl phenol—or DNC—3-5-dinitro-o-cresol may be helpful.
Multispectral polarimetric imaging with coherent illumination: towards higher image contrast (2004)

Combining active multispectral and polarimetric imaging significantly enhances detection capability of very low contrast targets through the control of both the polarization state and the wavelength of the illumination light. However, increasing the operation range of the imaging system relies on the use of coherent sources, such as lasers and optical parametric oscillators, to illuminate the scene, leading to a dramatic decrease of the image quality due mainly to speckle noise. In order to investigate the benefits and drawbacks brought by coherent illumination, a preliminary laboratory demonstrator of an active multispectral polarimetric imager has been designed to operate with both polarized natural light and coherent sources. The orthogonal state contrast images recorded at different wavelengths in both configurations (coherent and non-coherent) clearly demonstrate the benefits of using active illumination of the scene to discriminate between real and fake targets and also to reveal very low contrast objects. Noise characteristics of polarimetric images under coherent illumination are also investigated. In particular the study of noise statistics of recorded images shows that the actual distribution of noise is log-normal. As a result, the so-called "natural" representation of the polarimetric image offers important advantages in terms of image processing. Indeed, if the intensity image is perturbed with multiplicative noise, the noise in the image with natural representation has uniform variance and is quasi-gaussian. The potential increase of target detection performance brought by properly processing the active polarimetric image is illustrated on a very low contrast scene.
IPGroupRep: A Novel Reputation Based System for Anti-Spam (2009)

While reputation systems have already been applied into the field of anti-spam, they still have some shortcomings,in terms of reputation database scale and vulnerable to be evaded by the adverse users. To solve these problems,we present a novel reputation system named IPGroupRep.The performance of this system is evaluated on some real world dataset, and compared to the existing reputation systems. The experimental results show that IPGroupRep could effectively separate spam from legitimate messages .
Role of 5‐HT<sub>1</sub>‐like receptors in the reduction of porcine cranial arteriovenous anastomotic shunting by sumatriptan (1991)

1. The new tryptamine derivative sumatriptan (GR43175) is effective in the treatment of migraine. Since several antimigraine agents reduce cranial arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow in the anaesthetized pig, we have investigated the carotid haemodynamic effects of sumatriptan. 2. Sumatriptan (10, 30, 100 and 300 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) reduced total common carotid blood flow, exclusively by affecting its arteriovenous anastomotic fraction; the capillary fraction even increased with the highest doses. 3. These reductions in the carotid arteriovenous anastomotic ('shunt') blood flow were mediated by a 5-HT1-like receptor, as methiothepin, but not ketanserin, antagonized the responses to sumatriptan. 4. Sumatriptan increased the difference in oxygen saturation between arterial and jugular venous blood, which is likely to be a consequence of the reduction of the carotid shunt blood flow. 5. The selective reduction in arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow produced by sumatriptan may reflect its antimigraine action, thought to involve vasoconstriction of those cranial vessels, be they 'shunt' vessels or not, which are distended and inflamed during a migraine attack.
Small G Proteins in the Cardiovascular System: Physiological and Pathological Aspects (2013)

Small G proteins exist in eukaryotes from yeast to human and constitute the Ras superfamily comprising more than 100 members. This superfamily is structurally classified into five families: the Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran families that control a wide variety of cell and biological functions through highly coordinated regulation processes. Increasing evidence has accumulated to identify small G proteins and their regulators as key players of the cardiovascular physiology that control a large panel of cardiac (heart rhythm, contraction, hypertrophy) and vascular functions (angiogenesis, vascular permeability, vasoconstriction). Indeed, basal Ras protein activity is required for homeostatic functions in physiological conditions, but sustained overactivation of Ras proteins or spatiotemporal dysregulation of Ras signaling pathways has pathological consequences in the cardiovascular system. The primary object of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current progress in our understanding of the role of small G proteins and their regulators in cardiovascular physiology and pathologies.
Reactions of Nitrosonium Ethyl Sulfate with Olefins and Dienes:  An Experimental and Theoretical Study (1999)

Nitrosonium ethyl sulfate (1), which is generated in situ from ethyl nitrite and sulfur trioxide, is a convenient reagent for the one-pot transformation of olefins and dienes into substituted aldehydes and ketones. New experimental and theoretical aspects of this reaction are discussed. A DFT and ab initio computational study is undertaken to provide further insight into the mechanism of electrophilic nitrosation, including the initial π-complexes, transition states, and the intermediates involved in subsequent carbonyl formation.
Survival Prediction Score: A Simple but Age-Dependent Method Predicting Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Palliative Radiotherapy (2014)

Purpose. Validation of a Canadian three-tiered prognostic model (survival prediction score, SPS) in Norwegian cancer patients referred for palliative radiotherapy (PRT), and evaluation of age-dependent performance of the model. Patients and Methods. We analyzed all 579 PRT courses administered at a dedicated PRT facility between 20.06.07 and 31.12.2009. SPS was assigned as originally described, That is, by taking into consideration three variables: primary cancer type, site of metastases, and performance status. Results. Patients with poor prognosis (non-breast cancer, metastases other than bone, and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≤ 60) had median survival of 13 weeks. Those with intermediate prognosis (two of these parameters) survived for a median of 29 weeks, and patients with good prognosis for a median of 114 weeks, P < 0.001. While this model performed well in patients who were 60 years or older, it was less satisfactory in younger patients (no significant difference between the good and intermediate prognosis groups). Conclusion. SPS should mainly be used to predict survival of elderly cancer patients. However, even in this group accuracy is limited because the good prognosis group contained patients with short survival, while the poor prognosis group contained long-term survivors. Thus, improved models should be developed.
Swelling behavior of Na- and Ca-montmorillonite up to 150°C by <i>in situ</i> X-Ray diffraction experiments (2009)

Abstract The effects of temperature on the swelling properties of smectites are important for a variety of different geological conditions, but studies on this topic have been rather limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the swelling behavior of Na- and Ca-montmorillonite at various temperatures greater than room temperature, up to 150°C, using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. A sample chamber was designed, the temperature and humidity of which were controlled precisely, for environmental in situ measurements. The XRD measurements were performed at small relative humidity (RH) intervals for precise observation of the swelling behavior. The swelling behavior of Na-montmorillonite showed distinct zero-, one-, and two-layer hydration states. The basal spacings of Na-montmorillonite changed continuously with RH for various temperatures in the transition region between the zero- and one-layer hydration states, and the swelling curves of the transition region moved to greater degrees of RH with increasing temperature. The basal spacings jumped from the one- to two-layer hydration states for all temperatures at almost the same RH. The basal spacings of Ca-montmorillonite changed continuously from the zero- to the two-layer hydration states at all temperatures. This behavior is remarkably different from that of Na-montmorillonite. At low-RH conditions, the d 001 value of Ca-montmorillonite decreased with increasing temperature. The swelling curves of Ca-montmorillonite did not show a plateau at any temperature for the one-layer hydration state. The swelling curves of Ca-montmorillonite moved to greater RH with temperature, similar to the transformation region between the zero- and one-layer hydration states in Na-montmorillonite. These differences between Na- and Ca-montmorillonite are related to the hydration powers of exchangeable cations.