gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic evaluation of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate after intravenous and oral administration to healthy dogs (2015)

Pharmacokinetics for TTM after a single IV and oral administration was determined for clinically normal dogs. Absorption of TTM after oral administration was variable. Increased serum copper concentrations suggested that TTM mobilized tissue copper. Further studies will be needed to evaluate the potential therapeutic use of TTM in copper-associated chronic hepatitis of dogs.
A double-path intra prediction architecture for the hardware H.265/HEVC encoder (2014)

This paper presents an innovatory approach to the design of the intra prediction architecture for the hardware H.265/HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) encoder. As the most of the computational complexity in the intra prediction algorithm is associated with the need to process number of 4×4 Prediction Units (PUs), an independent processing path is proposed for this specific PU size with a separate reconstruction loop. The final result from this path is then incorporated into the second path, independently checking all the remaining PUs. This approach does not entail a significant increase in utilization of hardware resources, while considerably accelerates the encoding. The proposed architecture can operate at 100 MHz for FPGA Aria II devices and at 200 MHz for the TSMC 0.13μm technology. The achieved throughput allows the processing of almost 17.5 and 35 1080p frames per second using FPGA and ASIC technology, respectively. The solution is compliant with the Main, Main 10, and Main Still Picture profiles of the H.265/HEVC standard.
Subpicosecond carrier lifetimes in arsenic-ion-implanted GaAs (1995)

We have investigated photoexcited carrier lifetimes in arsenic-ion-implanted semi-insulating GaAs by time-resolved reflectivity measurements. Subpicosecond carrier lifetimes (220 to 550 fs) which do not exhibit apparent dosage dependence for samples bombarded with 200 keV arsenic ions at increasing dosages in the range of 1012 and 1016 ions/cm2 are reported. The shortest carrier lifetime was observed for the sample irradiated at 1013 ions/cm−2. These are the shortest lifetimes ever observed for ion-damaged GaAs and comparable to those of low-temperature molecular beam epitaxially grown GaAs, which is also nonstoichiometric with excess-arsenic-related, deep-level defects.
Camera-based Colour Contrast Evaluation (2012)

This project studies whether or not a digital camera can be used to evaluate colour difference or colour contrast. When characterizing a test object that changes colour over time it is not always possible to do a normal colour measurement with a spectroradiometer. The alternative could be to use film or rapid fire photography to record the changes and extract the colour data from the digital information. This project involves development of a method where spectroradiometric data of a colour chart is compared to digital data taken from photos and film of the same colour chart using Photoshop. In each measurement 22 colours have been evaluated by calculating the colour difference between a direct spectroradiometric measurement of a single colour and data taken from Photoshop of that same colour. The data is compared in the CIELAB colour space using the ?E94 metric which should faithfully represent how the human eye perceives colour difference. Three sets of measurements are made .Two sets where the spectroradiometric data is compared to data from still photos, first with photos directly from the camera and then with RAW-data from the camera. The third measurement compared the spectroradiometric data with data from a frame from a video. The results show that the 22 colours are reproduced with varying degrees of accuracy in photos and video compared to a direct measurement using a spectroradiometer. For the two photo measurements the results span from ?E94 = 0.82 for the best colour reproduction to ?E94 = 17.01 for the worst reproduction. The average deviation was ?E94 = 7.48 and ?E94 = 8.46 respectively where a colour difference of ?E94 =1.0 is considered a just noticeable difference. For video the deviation spans from ?E94 = 4.89 to ?E94 = 18.11 with an average deviation of ?E94 = 11.59. ?E94 has also been used to evaluate how the colour contrast between two different colours differ between the spectroradiometric measurement and data from Photoshop. The results show that for photos the colour contrast deviates quite a bit between the two methods. A deeper evaluation of the video method shows that as long as the contrast between two colours is small the deviation compared to the spectroradiometric measurement will also be small.
Many human accelerated regions are developmental enhancers (2013)

The genetic changes underlying the dramatic differences in form and function between humans and other primates are largely unknown, although it is clear that gene regulatory changes play an important role. To identify regulatory sequences with potentially human-specific functions, we and others used comparative genomics to find non-coding regions conserved across mammals that have acquired many sequence changes in humans since divergence from chimpanzees. These regions are good candidates for performing human-specific regulatory functions. Here, we analysed the DNA sequence, evolutionary history, histone modifications, chromatin state and transcription factor (TF) binding sites of a combined set of 2649 non-coding human accelerated regions (ncHARs) and predicted that at least 30% of them function as developmental enhancers. We prioritized the predicted ncHAR enhancers using analysis of TF binding site gain and loss, along with the functional annotations and expression patterns of nearby genes. We then tested both the human and chimpanzee sequence for 29 ncHARs in transgenic mice, and found 24 novel developmental enhancers active in both species, 17 of which had very consistent patterns of activity in specific embryonic tissues. Of these ncHAR enhancers, five drove expression patterns suggestive of different activity for the human and chimpanzee sequence at embryonic day 11.5. The changes to human non-coding DNA in these ncHAR enhancers may modify the complex patterns of gene expression necessary for proper development in a human-specific manner and are thus promising candidates for understanding the genetic basis of human-specific biology.
Angiogenesis-dependent tumor spread in reinforced fibrin clot culture. (1983)

To investigate the role played by developing microvessels in the spread of tumors, segments of rat aorta were cultured with aggregates of NBT-II-81, a cell line derived from squamous cell carcinoma of rat bladder. Aortic rings cultured in plasma clot gave rise to microvascular networks composed of branching endothelial channels. Aggregates of carcinoma in contract with fibrin clot alone grew slowly and by expansion. When the proliferating branching endothelial sprouts and channels contacted the tumor aggregates, the pattern of neoplastic growth changes abruptly, as carcinoma cells infiltrated the fibrin clot, migrating and proliferating in periendothelial location. Some vascular channels were disrupted and permeated by cords of invading tumor cells. Ultrastructural studies revealed intimate associated between invading epithelial cells and endothelial cells. Focal fusion of the endothelial basal lamina with the basal lamina of the tumor cells was observed. Our results demonstrate that angiogenesis in vitro, ie., in absence of active circulation, markedly enhanced the spread of a carcinoma in plasma clot and modified its pattern of growth. This indicates that other vascular-related factors beside nutritional gradients from the circulation attract tumor cells along endothelial paths.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Solid lipid curcumin particles provide greater anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects than curcumin in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2018)

The use of SLCP provides more anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective outcomes than does Cur in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD.
Single-Component Microcomputer Network Provides Data-Acquisition Shelf-Monitor System for Special Nuclear Material Real-Time Inventory (1979)

Special nuclear material in long-term storage in a vault is an attractive target for a diverter. A shelf-monitor system has been designed that will enable constant surveillance of this material using a variety of sensors. A single-component microcomputer collects data from a GM tube that monitors gamma emissions and from a scale that monitors the total weight of the container and contents. A network of the microcomputer shelf monitors reports the acquired data to a minicomputer for analysis, alarm if necessary, and storage. The objective of this research program has been to develop a reliable, inexpensive monitor network and associated data processing equipment capable of real-time monitoring.
Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of potassium (ethylenediaminetetraacetato)cobaltate(III) in organic solvents (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of potassium (ethylenediaminetetraacetato)cobaltate(III) in organic solventsToshiaki TauraCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 16, 2845–2847Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00289a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00289a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel neutralizing monoclonal antibodies protect rodents against lethal filovirus challenges (2014)

Filoviruses are the causative agents of lethal hemorrhagic fever in human and non-human primates (NHP). The family of Filoviridae is composed of three genera, Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus and Cuevavirus. There are currently no approved vaccines or antiviral therapeutics for the treatment of filovirus infections in humans. Passive transfer of neutralizing antibodies targeting the Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) has proven effective in protecting mice, guinea pigs and NHP from lethal challenges with EBOV. In this study, we generated two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), termed S9 and M4 that recognize the GP of EBOV or multiple strains of Marburg virus (MARV), respectively. We characterized the putative binding site of S9 as a linear epitope on the glycan cap of the GP1 subunit of the EBOV-GP. The M4 antibody recognizes an unknown conformational epitope on MARV-GP. Additionally, we demonstrated the post-exposure protection potential of these antibodies in both the mouse and guinea pig models of filovirus infection. These data indicate that MAbs S9 and M4 would be good candidates for inclusion in an antibody cocktail for the treatment of filovirus infections.
Laminar (2009)

Decentralized information flow control (DIFC) is a promising model for writing programs with powerful, end-to-end security guarantees. Current DIFC systems that run on commodity hardware can be broadly categorized into two types: language-level and operating system-level DIFC. Language level solutions provide no guarantees against security violations on system resources, like files and sockets. Operating system solutions can mediate accesses to system resources, but are inefficient at monitoring the flow of information through fine-grained program data structures. This paper describes Laminar, the first system to implement decentralized information flow control using a single set of abstractions for OS resources and heap-allocated objects. Programmers express security policies by labeling data with secrecy and integrity labels, and then access the labeled data in lexically scoped security regions. Laminar enforces the security policies specified by the labels at runtime. Laminar is implemented using a modified Java virtual machine and a new Linux security module. This paper shows that security regions ease incremental deployment and limit dynamic security checks, allowing us to retrofit DIFC policies on four application case studies. Replacing the applications' ad-hoc security policies changes less than 10% of the code, and incurs performance overheads from 1% to 56%. Whereas prior DIFC systems only support limited types of multithreaded programs, Laminar supports a more general class of multithreaded DIFC programs that can access heterogeneously labeled data.
Multiplex television transmission system (1967)

Time-multiplexing system enables several cameras to share a single commercial television transmission channel. This system is useful in industries for visually monitoring several operating areas or instrument panels from a remote location.
Dynamic inventory: dream or necessity (1973)

The need for more frequent inventories of nuclear processing plants is being examined. in the past, sophisticated physical inventories requiring extended process shutdowns for cleanout and consolidation have been considered essential for effective inventory evaluation. However, frequent shutdown inventories are not compatible with the high on-line efficiency rates required for economical operation of modenn high capital cost fuel reprocessing plants. Systems are required where on-line dynamic measurement methods provide effective inventory information. At General Electric's midwest Fuel Recovery Plant, efforts are underway to develop dynamic inventory techniques which will be compatible with regulatory, customer and operating requirements. The key requirements, concepts, goals and development areas involved in the MFRP dynamic inventory system are summarized. (auth)
Mechanism of augmentation of the antibody response in vitro by 2-mercaptoethanol in murine lymphocytes. I. 2-Mercaptoethanol-induced stimulation of the uptake of cystine, an essential amino acid. (1982)

The mechanism of augmentation of the primary antibody response in vitro by 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) was investigated. By using cystine-free RPMI 1640 medium, it was demonstrated that cyst(e)ine was absolutely required for eliciting the following murine lymphocyte reactions: antibody response to sheep erythrocytes, proliferative response to concanavalin A or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polyclonal antibody response induced by LPS. The maximal antibody response was attained with 2.5-5 mM cysteine or half-cystine. The serial feeding of fresh cysteine markedly amplified its capacity to support antibody response particularly when cysteine concentration was suboptimal. Such an effect was not observed in the serial addition of cystine. On the other hand, the dose-response curve of cystine was dramatically shifted to lower concentrations by the addition of 2-ME (1 x 10(-5) M), which alone could not elicit the antibody response in the absence of cystine, nor could it augment furthermore the maximal response induced by 2.5 mM half-cystine. Commercially available RPMI 1640 medium contains 0.41 mM half-cystine, which proved to be a suboptimal concentration for eliciting the maximal response. 35S-cystine was incorporated into murine lymphocytes five to six times more slowly than 35S-cysteine. The rate of cystine uptake, however, was accelerated by 2.5-fold in the presence of 1 x 10(-5) M 2-ME. A close correlation was observed between dose-response profiles of 2-ME in augmenting the antibody response and the stimulation of cystine uptake. These results strongly suggest that one of the roles of 2-ME in augmenting the antibody response in vitro is to facilitate the use of cystine contained in RPMI 1640 medium only at a suboptimal concentration.
<i>Gomphocantharellus</i>, a new genus of Gomphales (2022)

The genus <i>Gomphocantharellus</i> and species <i>Gomphocantharellus cylindrosporus</i> are proposed as new based on morphological assessments and molecular phylogenetic evidence inferred from nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (mt) adenosine triphosphate (ATPase) subunit 6 (<i>atp6</i>) and mt small subunit rDNA (mtSSU). Basidiomes of <i>G. cylindrosporus</i> are characterized by the peach to pinkish orange color, cantharelloid habit with a gill-like hymenophore with obtuse edges, smooth and cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores, and cylindrical to narrowly clavate flexuous pleurocystidia. The species resembles a species of <i>Cantharellus</i> but differs from the latter by the cylindrical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the placement of <i>Gomphocantharellus</i> as an independent lineage within the order Gomphales.
Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing in a Gabor Transform Setting (2014)

This letter shows the equivalence of the recently proposed generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) communications scheme with a finite discrete critically sampled Gabor expansion and transform. GFDM is described with the terminology of Gabor analysis and the Balian-Low theorem is applied to prove the non-existence of zero-forcing receivers for certain configurations, having strong impact on the system performance. An efficient algorithm for calculation of specific GFDM receiver filters is derived and numerical examples confirm the theoretical results.
Controlling Cascading Failures in Interdependent Networks under Incomplete Knowledge (2017)

Vulnerability due to inter-connectivity of multiple networks has been observed in many complex networks. Previous works mainly focused on robust network design and on recovery strategies after sporadic or massive failures in the case of complete knowledge of failure location. We focus on cascading failures involving the power grid and its communication network with consequent imprecision in damage assessment. We tackle the problem of mitigating the ongoing cascading failure and providing a recovery strategy. We propose a failure mitigation strategy in two steps: 1) Once a cascading failure is detected, we limit further propagation by re-distributing the generator and load's power. 2) We formulate a recovery plan to maximize the total amount of power delivered to the demand loads during the recovery intervention. Our approach to cope with insufficient knowledge of damage locations is based on the use of a new algorithm to determine consistent failure sets (CFS). We show that, given knowledge of the system state before the disruption, the CFS algorithm can find all consistent sets of unknown failures in polynomial time provided that, each connected component of the disrupted graph has at least one line whose failure status is known to the controller.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Novel Europium and Terbium Complexes with Triblock Copolymer Ligand (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis and Luminescence Properties of Novel Europium and Terbium Complexes with Triblock Copolymer LigandPing Liu, Dong Liang, Zhen Tong, and Xinxing LiuView Author Information Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China Cite this: Macromolecules 2002, 35, 5, 1487–1488Publication Date (Web):January 29, 2002Publication History Received4 September 2001Revised18 December 2001Published online29 January 2002Published inissue 1 February 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma011571uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma011571urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views439Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Copolymers,Ions,Ligands,Polymers,Rare earth complexes Get e-Alerts
Philosophy of the Spike: Rate-Based vs. Spike-Based Theories of the Brain (2015)

Does the brain use a firing rate code or a spike timing code? Considering this controversial question from an epistemological perspective, I argue that progress has been hampered by its problematic phrasing. It takes the perspective of an external observer looking at whether those two observables vary with stimuli, and thereby misses the relevant question: which one has a causal role in neural activity? When rephrased in a more meaningful way, the rate-based view appears as an ad hoc methodological postulate, one that is practical but with virtually no empirical or theoretical support.
Quantification of Mechanical and Neural Components of Vagal Baroreflex in Humans (2001)

Traditionally, arterial baroreflex control of vagal neural outflow is quantified by heart period responses to falling and/or rising arterial pressures (ms/mm Hg). However, it is arterial pressure-dependent stretch of barosensory vessels that determines afferent baroreceptor responses, which, in turn, generate appropriate efferent cardiac vagal outflow. Thus, mechanical transduction of pressure into barosensory vessel stretch and neural transduction of stretch into vagal outflow are key steps in baroreflex regulation that determine the conventional integrated input-output relation. We developed a novel technique for direct estimation of gain in both mechanical and neural components of integrated cardiac vagal baroreflex control. Concurrent, beat-by-beat measures of arterial pressures (Finapres), carotid diameters (B-mode ultrasonography), and R-R intervals (ECG lead II) were made during bolus vasoactive drug infusions (modified Oxford technique) in 16 healthy humans. The systolic carotid diameter/pressure relationship (r(2)=0.79+/-0.008, mean+/-SEM) provided a gain estimate of dynamic mechanical transduction of pressure into a baroreflex stimulus. The R-R interval/systolic diameter relationship (r(2)=0.77+/-0.009) provided a gain estimate of afferent-efferent neural transduction of baroreflex stimulus into a vagal response. Variance between repeated measures for both estimates was no different than that for standard gain (P>0.40). Moreover, in these subjects, the simple product of the 2 estimates almost equaled standard baroreflex gain (ms/mm Hg=0.98x+2.27; r(2)=0.93, P=0.001). This technique provides reliable information on key baroreflex components not distinguished by standard assessments and gives insight to dynamic mechanical and neural events during acute changes in arterial pressure.