gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Clonal, nonconstitutional rearrangements of the MLL gene in infant twins with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: in utero chromosome rearrangement of 11q23 (1994)

Rearrangements of chromosome band 11q23 are common in infant leukemias, comprising more than 70% of the observed chromosome abnormalities in children less than 1 year of age. The MLL gene, which is located at the 11q23 breakpoint in infant, childhood, and adult acute leukemias, has been cloned and has homology to the Drosophila trithorax gene. The breakpoints in MLL are restricted to an 8.3-kilobase pair (kb) region of the gene that is involved in translocations with as many as 29 other chromosomal regions in a number of phenotypically distinct acute leukemias. We have detected an identical, clonal, nonconstitutional rearrangement of the MLL gene in peripheral blood cells from a pair of female infants twins with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a t(11;19)(q23;p13.3). The detection of nonidentical IGH rearrangements suggests that the MLL rearrangement took place in a B-cell precursor or hematopoietic stem cell in one twin which was transferred in utero to the other fetus resulting in ALL with an identical aneuploid karyotype in both infants. We speculate that the other MLL-related infant leukemias may also develop in utero, and that the rearrangements may occur consistently in stem cells or early precursor cells, accounting for the frequency of mixed-lineage leukemia in infants.
A Database of Vocal Tract Resonance Trajectories for Research in Speech Processing (2006)

While vocal tract resonances (VTRs, or formants that are defined as such resonances) are known to play a critical role in human speech perception and in computer speech processing, there has been a lack of standard databases needed for the quantitative evaluation of automatic VTR extraction techniques. We report in this paper on our recent effort to create a publicly available database of the first three VTR frequency trajectories. The database contains a representative subset of the TIMIT corpus with respect to speaker, gender, dialect and phonetic context, with a total of 538 sentences. A Matlab-based labeling tool is developed, with high-resolution wideband spectrograms displayed to assist in visual identification of VTR frequency values which are then recorded via mouse clicks and local spline interpolation. Special attention is paid to VTR values during consonantto-vowel (CV) and vowel-to-consonant (VC) transitions, and to speech segments with vocal tract anti-resonances. Using this database, we quantitatively assess two common automatic VTR tracking techniques in terms of their average tracking errors analyzed within each of the six major broad phonetic classes as well as during CV and VC transitions. The potential use of the VTR database for research in several areas of speech processing is discussed.
A New Laser for Collagen Wounding in Corneal and Strabismus Surgery � A Preliminary Report (2015)

It has been shown that using a small spot size 2 to 5 mu, a dye modified excimer laser emitting at 595 nm can produce laser ablation of tissue in corneal stroma without compromising anterior and posterior limiting membranes. The surface of extraocular muscle tendon sheath has been similarly laser modified. An instrument, under prototype construction, designed for clinical application of this laser energy is described as well as clinical implications of such surgical interventions in corneal and extraocular muscle surgery.
Relationship among Definable Characteristics of Feeder Calves, Subsequent Performance and Carcass Traits. II. Subjective Scores (1980)

Three-hundred and forty-nine commercial calves of Angus, Hereford, Charolais-cross and Angus × Hereford breeding were fed to an estimated constant subcutaneous fat thickness (12 mm) on high and medium energy diets. Physical description of feeder calves, in terms of subjective scores for frame, fat and muscle, combined with initial calf weight and breed classification, explained 49% of the variation in carcass weight within diet-year subclasses and 32% of that in days on feed. Deletion of subjective scores from the models reduced coefficients of determination for carcass weight and days on feed by 13 and 5%, respectively. Corresponding reductions from deletion of terms for breed were 9 and 11%. Among descriptive variables (listed in order of magnitude of partial mean-squares), frame (P<.001), breed (P<.001), initial weight (P<.05), fat (P<.05) and frame × breed (P<.05) were sources of variation in carcass weight; while breed (P<.001), frame × diet (P<.01) and fat (P<.01) were related to days on feed. In general, frame was positively related and fat negatively related to carcass weight and days on feed. Effects of frame were similar to those of measured wither height and body depth, and subjective fat was less related than ultrasonically measured fat to response variables. Coefficients of determination from models describing yield and quality grades were .11 and .07, respectively. Muscle was unrelated (Pώ.05) to response variables studied.
Pillaring Zn-Triazolate Layers with Flexible Aliphatic Dicarboxylates into Three-Dimensional Metal−Organic Frameworks (2008)

Solvothermal treatments of Zn(II) salts and 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole in mixed water−dimethylformamide solvent produced a two-dimensional, wavy layer structure [Zn(atz)(fa)] (1, Hfa = formic acid) with a 4.82 Zn(atz) topology. While carbonate, oxalate, and aliphatic dicarboxylates are used to replace the terminal formate ligand, a series of three-dimensional pillared-layer metal−organic frameworks, namely, [Zn2(atz)2(CO3)]·3H2O (2), [Zn4(atz)4(CO3)(ox)]·3H2O (3, H2ox = oxalic acid), [Zn2(atz)2(sca)] (4, H2sca = succinic acid), [Zn2(atz)2(ada)] (5, H2ada = adipic acid), [Zn2(atz)2(sba)] (6, H2sba = suberic acid), [Zn2(atz)2(aza)] (7, H2aza = azelaic acid), and [Zn2(atz)2(sea)] (8, H2sea = sebacylic acid), are constructed. The crystal structural analyses demonstrate that the dicarboxylates have a significant impact on the Zn(atz) layers, which adopt various corrugated configurations in these three-dimensional metal−organic frameworks due to the different lengths and geometries of these pillars. Thermal stabilities of these compounds were examined by thermogravimetric analysis, while N2 adsorption measurements were analyzed for the porous 2 and 3.
Application of rotating arc SF (1998)

The introduction of third generation SF6 interrupter technology has done much to enhance the performance and reliability of switching devices used at the highest distribution voltages and throughout the transmission voltage range. Auto expansion circuit breakers where significantly less energy is required from the mechanism are now common place. Development activity is now being directed to the next generation of interrupter devices which will utilise rotating arc SF6 interrupters. These devices offering the user even more advantages than the currently applied technologies. Two techniques have been utilised: (1) incorporating a secondary field using permanent magnets; and (2) incorporating a small puffer unit into the design which would produce sufficient quantities of clean gas to interrupt small currents.
A new soft-error immune DRAM cell with a transistor on a lateral epitaxial silicon layer (TOLE cell) (1987)

A new DRAM cell structure, based on a new design concept, and a fabrication technology for DRAMs of 16Mbits and beyond are proposed. The proposed cell, called a transistor on a lateral epitaxial (TOLE) silicon layer cell, can achieve high immunity to alpha-particle-induced soft errors and a low parasitic bit line capacitance. The TOLE cell is produced by a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) fabrication technology newly developed by combining epitaxial lateral overgrowth <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(1)</sup> (ELO) and preferential polishing <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(2)</sup> (PP). Reasonable electrical characteristics for the TOLE transistor and excellent immunity against alpha-particle disturbance for the TOLE memory cell are confirmed.
A method for monitoring the viability of malaria parasites (Plasmodium yoelii) freed from the host erythrocytes (1987)

The viability of erythrocyte-free malaria parasites (Plasmodium yoelii) was assessed with the cationic fluorescent dye, rhodamine 123 (R123). Parasites were freed from infected mouse erythrocytes either by saponin lysis or by Tris-ammonium chloride lysis and incubated with R123 at 37 degrees C. The parasite-associated dye was extracted with iso-butanol and measured with a fluorescent spectrophotometer. R123 accumulated intensely in free parasites prepared by saponin lysis but only weakly in those prepared by Tris-NH4Cl. Very little dye accumulated in free parasites fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde or with 3.7% formaldehyde, or in those heated at 50 degrees C for 15 min. Similar results were obtained by observations with an epifluorescent microscope. Free parasites incubated in hypotonic solutions did not accumulate the dye. Only parasites intensely accumulating R123 incorporated [3H] hypoxanthine. These results indicate that only living parasites are stained with R123, which can therefore be used to monitor the viability of erythrocyte-free malaria parasites.
(Pro)insulin‐Specific Regulatory T Cells (2003)

Regulatory anti-diabetogenic T cells (T(reg)) can be induced by the mucosal administration of insulin or proinsulin peptides, in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Naso-respirtory insulin (which avoids insulin degradation) induces CD8+ alpha(alpha) TCR gamma(delta) T(reg) whereas peptides that bind to the NOD MHC class II molecule, I-Ag7, insulin B9-23 and proinsulin B24-C36, induce CD4+ T(regs) Following naso-respiratory delivery of insulin to NOD mice increased numbers of CD8+ gamma(delta) T cells expressing interleukin (IL)10 are detected in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Neonatal (3 day) thymectomy (NTX) dramatically accelerates diabetes development in NOD mice, associated with lymphopaenia and a block in the maturation of mucosal intrepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), especially extrathymic-derived CD8+ alpha(alpha) TCR gamma(delta) IEL. Regulatory anti-diabetogenic T cells cannot be elicited by naso-respiratory insulin in NTX-NOD mice. Reconstitution of NTX-NOD mice with CD8+ alpha(alpha) TCR gamma(delta) T cells prevents diabetes. CD8+ gamma(delta) T(reg) are conceivably physiological and insulin-specific, induced by exposure to insulin in maternal milk. These findings infer an immunoregulatory role for extrathymic-derived IEL, developing under the influence of the thymus and conditioned by early exposure to the exogenous environment.
[Personality and its image in the context of psychosis]. (1991)

Reflection plays the leading part in the development of the internal world of man. It is the main psychological mechanism of consciousness of the personality and presents thinking aimed at the personality itself, own processes and own products. Reflection enables the personality to view itself as something independent in respect to the personality, i.e. as an object. Assessment of the defence behavior of infringers of the law allows an analysis of the reflective activity of man in mental health and disease. The investigation has shown that during the development of a psychotic state, the internal world of man under reflection experiences morbid transformation and acts as the main subjective material for formation of psychotic symptomatology. At the same time the latent deep structures of the personality experiencing a psychotic state acquire extreme expressiveness and brightness.
Genetics of Atopy and Asthma: The Rationale behind Promoter-based Candidate Gene Studies (IL-4 and IL-10) (1997)

The genetics of atopy and asthma has become a very interesting area for research. Potential candidate genes identified either by the immunopathogenesis of asthma or bronchial hyperresponsiveness, or uncovered by the whole-genome screen, will lead to new and better ways of diagnosing asthma and, more importantly, the potential for drug discovery related to the products of the candidate genes identified in the various genome screening efforts. The candidate gene approach has been applied to the promoter region of a number of cytokine genes, both within and outside of the human 5q33 cytokine gene cluster. As a prototype for both cytokines, work relating to an interleukin (IL)-4 promoter polymorphism and an IL-10 promoter polymorphism will be reviewed as providing a potential molecular mechanism for dysregulation of these cytokine genes in asthma.
Skill-Oriented and Performance-Driven Adaptive Curricula for Training in Robot-Assisted Surgery Using Simulators: A Feasibility Study (2020)

This feasibility study could pave the way towards the improvement of simulation-based training curricula.
Analysis of HIV-1 Gag Protein Interactions via Biotin Ligase Tagging (2015)

We have employed a novel strategy to analyze the interactions of the HIV-1 structural Gag proteins, which involved tagging wild-type and mutant Gag proteins with a biotin ligase. Expression of the tagged proteins in cells allowed us to analyze proteins that came in close proximity to the Gag proteins as they were synthesized, transported, assembled, and released from cells. The tagged proteins biotinylated proteins encoded by the HIV-1 pol gene and neighbor Gag proteins, but, surprisingly, only the mutant Gag protein biotinylated the HIV-1 Envelope protein. We also identified over 50 cellular proteins that were biotinylated, including membrane and cytoskeletal proteins and proteins involved in lipid metabolism, nuclear import, translation, and RNA processing. Our results offer new insights into HIV-1 Gag protein trafficking and activities and provide new potential targets for antiviral interference.
Message Flow Control (1995)

High level communication by means of the exchange of messages between different organizations or organizational units is studied. The concepts of business transaction and business transaction protocol are discussed. Message exchanges are controlled by a message handler that enforces a transaction protocol. The design and implementation of a generic message handler is described. The design is independent of a specific application. It offers a flexible implementation of protocols: dedicated subprocesses handle each message type. Changes in a protocol can easily be accommodated by adapting the subprocesses. A prototype has been written in the executable specification language ExSpect. The protocols can be validated by simulating the message exchange for a number of cases. As an application of the prototype, a party in a logistic chain using EDI is described.
Surface coordination chemistry of well-defined platinum electrodes: surface polyprotic acidity of platinum(111)(2 .sqroot. 3 .times. 2 .sqroot. 3)R30.degree.-hydrogen isocyanide (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface coordination chemistry of well-defined platinum electrodes: surface polyprotic acidity of platinum(111)(2 .sqroot. 3 .times. 2 .sqroot. 3)R30.degree.-hydrogen isocyanideBruce C. Schardt, John L. Stickney, Donald A. Stern, Douglas G. Frank, James Y. Katekaru, Stephen D. Rosasco, Ghaleb N. Salaita, Manuel P. Soriaga, and Arthur T. HubbardCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 10, 1419–1421Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00204a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00204a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uniform Entropy Loading for Precoded DMT Systems in Fading Optical Channel (2018)

We propose a simple and uniform loading algorithm adopted probabilistic shaping considering FEC and CCDM implementation. The experimental results show that up to 27.83% net data rate enhancement is realized under the NGMI constraint.
Entropic trap purification of long DNA (2018)

Long-read genomic applications, such as genome mapping in nanochannels, require long DNA that is free of small-DNA impurities. We have developed a chip-based system based on entropic trapping that can simultaneously concentrate and purify a long DNA sample under the alternating application of an applied pressure (for sample injection) and an electric field (for filtration and concentration). In contrast, short DNA tends to pass through the filter owing to its comparatively weak entropic penalty for entering the nanoslit. The single-stage prototype developed here, which operates in a continuous pulsatile manner, achieves selectivities of up to 3.5 for λ-phage DNA (48.5 kilobase pairs) compared to a 2 kilobase pair standard based on experimental data for the fraction filtered using pure samples of each species. The device is fabricated in fused silica using standard clean-room methods, making it compatible for integration with long-read genomics technologies.
Lees die Bybel om God se stem te hoor : fokusartikel (2008)

Om die Bybel te lees, is een ding. Om te hoor wat die Here deur die gelese Woord vir jou se, is iets meer. Om onder die geklank van die Woord te kom, is een ding. Om deur die geklank heen die stem van die Here te hoor, is iets meer.
Short term efficacy of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (1985)

Methotrexate is easily administered, widely accepted by patients, and has a rapid therapeutic effect. With careful attention to known risk factors, such as alcoholism, diabetes, obesity, and renal disease, it is a useful agent for the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although rheumatologists have been using methotrexate in the treatment of RA for some time, controlled studies have been needed to establish the safety and efficacy of this agent. This paper will review the findings of the Cooperating Clinics of the American Rheumatism Association, as well as other studies that have investigated the short term efficacy of methotrexate.
[Specific chemical modification of cytidine in T4 DNA by a spin label]. (1987)

A procedure for selective modification of DNA from T4 phage non-glucosylated mutant by the spin label--N(2,2',5,5') tetramethyl-3-carboxypyrrolidine-1-oxyl)-imidazole was developed. The spin label was shown to interact with hydroxyl groups of 5-hydroxymethyl-2 deoxycytidines. The modification does not affect the secondary structure of DNA, its conformation or template properties in a cell-free system of RNA synthesis.
A contrast‐correction method for digital subtraction radiography (1988)

A contrast correction method for digital subtraction radiography has been developed. Optical density of radiographs was digitized into gray levels using a drum‐scanning microdensitometer with high accuracy. Gray levels of one image are converted to be equal to that of the other image using the equation obtained from gray level relations of both images. The reliability of this method was tested using radiographs of a copper step wedge which was exposed and processed under different conditions. The results show that the minimal detectable difference of the optical density was 0.04 for optimal conditions and 0.05 even for the different conditions. These indicate that the digital subtraction with contrast correction using a microdensitometer may be useful for extracting radiographic changes exclusively and it holds the potential for evaluating periodontal therapy quantitatively.
Identification of known and novel genes in activated monocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2000)

The combined strategy of gene subtraction and semiquantitative RT-PCR may allow the definition of MO activation patterns during different disease phases (including therapy-induced remission) and the identification of novel MO genes with pathogenetic relevance in RA.
The superficial layer of human articular cartilage is more susceptible to interleukin‐1–induced damage than the deeper layers (1996)

Chondrocytes from the surface of articular cartilage show a greater vulnerability to the harmful effects of IL-1 and are less responsive to the potential therapeutic effects of IRAP than cells in the deeper layers of the tissue.
Fractional Absorption of L-Carnitine after Oral Administration in Rats: Evaluation of Absorption Site and Dose Dependency. (1998)

We evaluated the fractional absorption of L-carnitine, a gamma-amino acid essential cofactor for the transfer of long-chain fatty acids, in rats in vivo after oral administration to determine its absorption behavior. At both low (0.05 micromol/rat) and high (100 micromol/rat) doses, L-carnitine was recovered only from the region of the cecum and below at 10 h after administration. During a major shift in distribution from cecum at 10 h to feces at 24 h, there was no significant change in the total recovery at each dose, suggesting that L-carnitine absorption is negligible in the cecum and the large intestine (colon and rectum). However, the recovery of L-carnitine was incomplete and the fraction recovered was larger at the high dose than at the low dose. The fractions absorbed were estimated to be 96.7 and 33.0% for the low and high doses, respectively, as these were the fractions that disappeared from the gastrointestinal tract. These values were comparable with 100 and 42%, respectively, of bioavailability values by the pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma concentration data in our preceding study [Matsuda et al., Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition, in press]. These results suggest that L-carnitine is significantly absorbed only in the small intestine, without undergoing first-pass degradation, and in a dose-dependent manner presumably due to the involvement of saturable transport by L-carnitine carriers. Consistent with the suggestions in vivo, L-carnitine absorption in the closed intestinal loop in situ was concentration-dependent in the small intestine but not in the large intestine, and the apparent membrane permeability in the large intestine was smaller by an order of magnitude than that of passive transport in the small intestine. These findings support our preceding kinetic modeling strategy assuming the small intestine to be the sole absorption site, and should be of help in guiding studies on development of more efficient oral L-carnitine delivery strategies.