gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of two molecular forms of human acid sphingomyelinase (1994)

Human acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) hydrolyses sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphocholine. Metabolic studies on COS-1 cells transfected with ASM cDNA revealed the occurrence of an enzymically inactive precursor which is differentially processed to two predominant native glycoprotein forms: a 70 kDa polypeptide corresponding to human urinary protein and a 57 kDa form. Formation of these potentially active forms was shown to be restricted to distinct compartments. Maturation of the ASM precursor to a predominant 70 kDa form occurs exclusively inside acidic organelles, whereas variable amounts of 57 kDa ASM are detectable immediately after biosynthesis. Metabolic labelling of transfected COS-1 cells with [32P]Pi further suggests that this form obviously does not carry oligomannosylphosphate residues, in contrast with the mature lysosomal ASM. In order to verify that this early form of active ASM results from co-post-translational proteolysis of the ASM precursor and not from the use of different translation-initiation sites on the ASM mRNA, appropriate 5'-mutagenized cDNA constructs were transiently expressed. These results clearly indicate that the first potential in-frame AUG is exclusively used for translation initiation in vivo and that deletion of the proposed signal sequence for endoplasmic reticulum import completely eliminates the ability of the translation product to enter the vacuolar apparatus. As there are two different subcellular sites of maturation of the ASM precursor, and intracellular targeting of the two processed forms appears to be different, the two ASM proteins may contribute to distinct physiological functions.
Impact of the regulatory loci <i>agr</i>, <i>sar</i>A and <i>sae</i> of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on the induction of α‐toxin during device‐related infection resolved by direct quantitative transcript analysis (2001)

The cytotoxic alpha-toxin (encoded by hla) of Staphylococcus aureus is regulated by three loci, agr, sarA and sae, in vitro. Here, we assess the regulation of hla in a guinea pig model of device-related infection by quantifying RNAIII (the effector molecule of agr) and hla directly in exudates accumulating in infected devices without subculturing of the bacteria. LightCycler reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to quantify the transcripts. Strains RN6390 and Newman expressed considerably smaller amounts of RNAIII in the guinea pig than during in vitro growth. The residual RNAIII expression decreased during the course of infection and was negatively correlated with bacterial densities. As with RNAIII, the highest hla expression was detected in both strains early in infection. Even in strain Newman, a weak hla producer in vitro, a pronounced expression of hla was observed during infection. Likewise, four S. aureus isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients expressed Q1hla despite an inactive agr during device-related infection as in the CF lung. Mutation of agr and sarA in strain Newman and RN6390 had no consequence for hla expression in vivo. In contrast, the mutation in sae resulted in severe downregulation of hla in vitro as well as in vivo. In conclusion, S. aureus seems to be provided with regulatory circuits different from those characterized in vitro to ensure alpha-toxin synthesis during infections.
Disturbance Observer based friction compensator for a DC motor (2014)

Friction is primary disturbance in motion control. Different types of friction cause diminution of original torque in a DC motor, such as static friction, viscous friction etc. By some means if those can be determined and compensated, the friction effect from the DC motor can be neglected. It would be a great advantage for control systems. Authors have determined the types of frictions as well as frictional coefficients and suggested a unique way of compensating the friction in a DC motor using Disturbance Observer Method which is used to determine the disturbance torques acting on a DC motor. In simulation approach, the method is modelled using MATLAB and the results have been obtained and analysed. The block diagram consists with DC motor model with DOB and RTOB. Practical approach of the implemented block diagram is shown by the obtained results. It is discussed the possibility of applying this to real life applications.
Salicylate-selective membrane electrode based on tin(IV)-tetraphenylporphyrin (1989)

The response properties of a new solvent/polymeric membrane electrode with unique selectivity toward anionic salicylate are reported. The electrode is prepared by incorporating 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenyl(porphyrinato)tin(IV) dichloride (Sn[TPP]Cl2) into a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane. The resulting sensor exhibits an anti-Hofmeister selectivity pattern, with high specificity for salicylate over lipophilic inorganic anions (perchlorate, periodate, thiocyanate, iodide, etc.) and biological organic anions (citrate, lactate, acetate). Moderate selectivity over structural analogues of salicylate (3- and 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzoate) is also observed. Radiotracer uptake experiments using [14C]salicylate clearly show that the metal center of the metalloporphyrin is critical for selective salicylate transport in the membrane phase. Minimal response to chloride ions makes the new electrode potentially useful for estimating salicylate levels in biological samples.
Impact of headache on sickness absence and utilisation of medical services: a Danish population study. (1992)

The impact of the headache disorders on work performance in the general population is substantial, and the disorders merit increased attention.
Compressive sensing with optimal sparsifying basis and applications in spectrum sensing (2012)

We describe a method of integrating Karhunen-Loève Transform (KLT) into compressive sensing, which can as a result improve the compression ratio without affecting the accuracy of decoding. We present two complementary results: 1) by using KLT to find an optimal basis for decoding we can drastically reduce the number of measurements for compressive sensing used in applications such as radio spectrum analysis; 2) by using compressive sensing we can estimate and recover the KLT basis from compressive measurements of an input signal. In particular, we propose CS-KLT, an online estimation algorithm to cope with nonstationarity of wireless channels in reality. We validate our results with empirical data collected from a wideband UHF spectrum and field experiments to detect multiple radio transmitters, using software-defined radios.
A Simplified Colorimetric Method for Determination of Amylose Content in Rice (1971)

Abstract The colorimetric iodine method of amylose estimation in rice has been simplified. The flour is dispersed in alkali by heating in water bath or by overnight soaking at room temperature. The extract is neutralized before colour development by direct addition of phenolphthalein and decolourizing with dilute acid. No simplified method of defatting (including extraction by methanol at room temperature) was found satisfactory. But apparent amylose content as determined in undefatted milled rice flour was close to 86% of the true value in 46 milled rice samples tested; hence determination without defatting and multiplication of the results with 1.16 was satisfactory for routine and approximate work. The apparent amylose value was, however, dependent on the degree of polish of the rice. Particle size of the flour within reasonable limits had no appreciable effect on the results. The extract was quite stable even when stored in the room temperature.
Research on High Performance AC Servo Control System Based on PMSM (2009)

The AC PMSM position servo system for modern high and new technology agricultural machine is designed.Control strategy of PMSM is researched.Three closed-loop control system based on the arithmetic of SVPWM is discussed.The control system applies the central digital signal processing devie TMS320LF2407 to construct total digital vector system.The software consists of major program and PWM interrupting service program.Initiation of DSP,parameters setting,over voltage and over current protection are finished in the major program;current sample,rotating speed calculating,vector conversion and PWM output are finished in the interruption serving program.The simulation results proves that the system has good performance both in steady and dynamic state.
Pipe Inspection Robot with an Automatic Tracking System Using a Machine Vision (2006)

This paper describes a mobile out-pipe inspection robot with an automatic pipe tracking system to apply it to the feeder pipe inspection for the PHWR. The inspection of the feeder pipe requires the robot to be able to travel the out bend of the pipe as close as possible. Since no detectable beacons or indications are attached on the pipe, two cameras are attached at the front and rear parts of the robot to measure the offset orientation angle between the pipe and the robot. The offset angle can be obtained by using the proposed image processing algorithm. The robot is composed of dual inch worm mechanisms which make it possible to move along the longitudinal direction and to rotate in a circumferential direction. These actuators are driven pneumatically. The robot is constructed and test in a mockup of the feeder pipes
Slide Agglutination Method for the Serological Identification of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> with Anti-Gonococcal Antibodies Adsorbed to Protein A-Containing Staphylococci (1974)

A rapid slide agglutination test has been developed for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that are primarily detected as oxidase-positive colonies in gonococcal cultures. The technique is based on the specific nonimmune reactivity between the Fc portion of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and staphylococcal protein A. IgG molecules adsorbed to stabilized staphylococci will thereby become oriented with their antigen-reactive sites that are directed outwards. Protein A-containing staphylococci with unabsorbed anti-gonococcal antibodies gave positive co-agglutination reactions with gonococci but also with meningococci, some Moraxella, Haemophilus, and Pseudomonas strains. These crossreactions were eliminated by absorption of the anti-gonococcal antiserum with meningococcal and Moraxella organisms prior to the coating of reagent staphylococci. In the routine culture diagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae the use of specific gonococcal reagent staphylococci gave concordant results with fermentation procedures and immunofluorescent techniques.
Harvey Fletcher’s role in the creation of communication acoustics (1996)

As the reader might appreciate after reading Fletcher's 1953 views, in 1918 Fletcher had taken on the toughest problem of all: to quantify and model how we hear and understand speech. This understanding allowed AT&T Bell Labs engineers to develop the necessary specifications of what was to become the largest telephone network in the world. The problems that Fletcher and his colleagues studied were so complicated, and took so many years, that it has been difficult to appreciate the magnitude of their accomplishments. It is therefore understandable why his work has had such a great impact on our lives. Almost single-handedly he created the fields of communication acoustics and speech and hearing as we know them today. Everyone who has ever used the telephone has reaped the benefit provided by this man and his genius. von Békésy, Davis, Stevens, and Zwicker are some of the names that come to mind when we think of hearing. Bell invented the telephone, and Edison made it into a practical device. Harvey Fletcher may not be as well known as these men today, but his scientific contributions to the fields of telephony, hearing, and human communication are absolutely unsurpassed. Given this present opportunity to reflect back on this great man, I would describe Harvey Fletcher as the singular intellectual force in the development of present-day communication acoustics and telephony.
Mechanism of Haemolysis by Vibrio vulnificus Haemolysin (1987)

The haemolytic action of Vibrio vulnificus haemolysin (VVH) was compared to that of streptolysin O (SLO). Both were cholesterol-binding haemolysins, but differed in the release of haemoglobin (Hb). In the first step of haemolysis, the haemolysins were temperature-independently bound to the cholesterol site on the target erythrocyte membrane. This was followed by the rapid release of K+, which is an intra-erythrocyte marker. Hb was then released, in different ways. In the case of VVH, Hb was released slowly after a relatively long lag, whereas with SLO, Hb was released as rapidly as K+. Haemolysis by VVH was inhibited by the addition of 30 mM-dextran 4 (mean Mr 4000), which is considered to be an effective colloid-osmotic protectant. The results therefore indicated that haemolysis by VVH (like that by Escherichia coli alpha-haemolysin and Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin) was caused by a colloid-osmotic mechanism. Both K+ and Hb release caused by VVH proceeded temperature-dependently, and the membrane fluidity of liposomes prepared with lipids extracted from sheep red blood cell membranes increased above 20 degrees C. These results suggest that the temperature-dependence of the haemolysis by VVH is due to the requirement for an increase in the membrane fluidity during the formation of a transmembrane pore.
Architectures and economics for pervasive broadband satellite networks (1979)

The size of a satellite network necessary to provide pervasive high-data-rate business communications is estimated, and one possible configuration is described which could interconnect most organizations in the United States. Within an order of magnitude, such a network might reasonably have a capacity equivalent to 10,000 simultaneous 3-Mbps channels, and rely primarily upon a cluster of approximately 3-5 satellites in a single orbital slot. Nominal prices for 3-6 Mbps video conference services might then be approximately $2000 monthly lease charge plus perhaps 70 cents per minute one way.
Detection of Tumor <i>PIK3CA</i> Status in Metastatic Breast Cancer Using Peripheral Blood (2012)

Analysis of plasma-derived ctDNA for the detection of PIK3CA mutations in patients with metastatic breast cancer is feasible. Our results suggest that PIK3CA mutational status can change upon disease recurrence, emphasizing the importance of reassessing PIK3CA status on contemporary (not archival) biospecimens. These results have implications for the development of predictive biomarkers of response to targeted therapies.
GloMo, July 1998 (1998)

The Global Mobile Information Systems (GloMo) is a a multi-organization program funded by the U.S Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The most recent GloMo Principal Investigators (PI) meeting was held in Washington D.C between July 28--30, 1998. As part of this meeting, a number of technologies developed within this program were demonstrated to a wide variety of audiences. In this article, we present a brief overview of the GloMo program and report on the July PI meeting, focusing on the demonstrations, and the technologies they represent.
Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Tests on a Full-Scale Tractor-Trailer Combination with Several Add-On Devices (1974)

Aerodynamic drag tests were performed on a conventional cab-over-engine tractor with a 45-foot trailer and five commercially available or potentially available add-on devices using the coast-down method. The tests ranged in velocity from approximately 30 miles per hour to 65 miles per hour and included some flow visualization. A smooth, level runway at Edwards Air Force Base was used for the tests, and deceleration measurements were taken with both accelerometers and stopwatches. An evaluation of the drag reduction results obtained with each of the five add-on devices is presented.
A tyrosine-derived free radical in apogalactose oxidase. (1990)

Oxidation of apogalactose oxidase with ferricyanide leads to the formation of a stable free radical exhibiting distinctive optical absorption and EPR spectral features. The radical is associated with absorption in both near-UV and near-IR spectral regions, and its EPR spectrum is characteristic of an aromatic free radical with gav = 2.005. Reconstitution of both the apoenzyme and the free radical-containing form with copper substantially restores both the absorption spectra and the catalytic activity of the active enzyme, indicating that the preparation of the radical species does not significantly damage the protein. The absence of a free radical EPR signal in reconstituted and activated galactose oxidase containing nearly stoichiometric copper suggests the radical is an active site species relating to the free radical-coupled copper site previously proposed for this enzyme. Isotopic labeling experiments demonstrate that the radical derives from a tyrosine residue. The distinctive spectra associated with this radical indicate an environment which is different from that associated with the tyrosyl phenoxyl sites in other free radical enzymes.
Interface translation and implementation filtering (1994)

Separating interface from implementation in C++ requires a set of conventions for defining classes. Using an interface definition language, we can ensure that an interface does not contain any implementation details. To simplify the definition of separate interfaces, the translator that generates C++ class declarations should be flexible and convenient to use.

As part of the Fresco user interface system, we have developed an interface translator called Ix. In addition to generating C++ classes and stubs for distributed access, Ix can filter implementation code to automate as much of the code as possible. Filtering also gives the programmer more control over where and how the code is generated. We have built an initial implementation of Fresco using Ix, and our experience has been that using Ix has made programming with interfaces easier than using C++ directly.
Study on Over-Based Sulfurized Calcium Phenate Homologs (Part 1) (1974)

Eighteen samples of over-based sulfurized calcium phenates containing from about 150 to 1, 000% of the theoretical amount of calcium were prepared from p-octylphenol, calcium oxide, elemental sulfur, ethylene glycol, carbon dioxide, lauryl alcohol and oil used as starting materials, and their structure, composition and physical properties were studied.From the ebullioscopic results, the active ingredients of these over-based phenates proved to be amphipathic substances having a polymer structure. Based on the material balance, it was revealed that these ingredients consisted of four ligand components (p-octylphenol, sulfur, ethylene glycol and carbon dioxide) and calcium, and there existed among their components continuous quantitative relationships, e. g. a decrease, in a hyperbolic manner, in the molar ratio of the total ligands to calcium in the products with an increase in the blending-molar ratio of calcium to poctylphenol.In conclusion, these over-based phenates seem to be oil solutions of mixed homologs of an amphipathic coordination-condensation polymer homologous series.
Reproduction and Horticultural Performance of Transgenic Ethylene-insensitive Petunias (2000)

A series of experiments on ethylene-insensitive (EI) petunia plants ( Petunia × hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr.) generated in two genetic backgrounds were conducted to determine the involvement of ethylene in horticultural performance. Experiments examined various aspects of horticultural performance: days to flower, flower senescence after pollination and without pollination, fruit set and ripening, and adventitious root formation on vegetative stem cuttings. The development of EI plants was altered in several ways. Time from seed sowing to first flower anthesis was decreased by a week for EI plants grown at 26/21 °C. Flower senescence in nonpollinated and self-pollinated flowers was delayed in all EI plants compared to wild-type plants. Fruit set percentage on EI plants was slightly lower than on wild-type plants and fruit ripening on EI plants was delayed by up to 7 days. EI plants produced fewer commercially acceptable rooted cuttings than wild-type plants. There was a basic difference in the horticultural performance of the two EI lines examined due to a difference in the genetic backgrounds used to generate the lines. EI plants displayed better horticultural performance when grown with day/night temperatures of 26/21 °C than 30/24 °C. These results suggest that tissue-specific ethylene insensitivity as well as careful consideration of the genetic background used in transformation procedures and growth conditions of etr1-1 plants will be required to produce commercially viable transgenic floriculture crops. EI petunias provide an ideal model system for studying the role of ethylene in regulating various aspects of plant reproduction.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 14-alkoxymorphinans. 2. (-)-N-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dimethoxymorphinan-6-one, a selective .mu. opioid receptor antagonist (1989)

(-)-N-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dimethoxymorphinan-6-one (2) was synthesized with 4,14-dimethoxy-N-methylmorphinan-6-one (1) as starting material. In vivo and in vitro experiments show 2 (cyprodime) to be a pure opioid receptor antagonist. Some of these tests (opioid receptor binding assays, guinea pig ileal longitudinal muscle preparation, rat and mouse vas deferens preparation, acetic acid writhing antagonism test) indicate that 2 is a selective mu opioid receptor antagonist.
Ribosome assembly during recovery of heat-injured Staphylococcus aureus cells (1980)

The process of ribosome formation during repair of sublethal heat injury was examined in Staphylococcus aureus. Sublethal heating of this organism results in the degradation of the 30S ribosomal subunit and alteration of the 50S subunit. Cells recovering from sublethal injury were examined for changes with time in the sedimentation and electrophoretic properties of ribonucleoprotein particles and ribonucleic acid, respectively. When cells were allowed to recover in [3H]uridine, the label could be followed into ribonucleic acid species that coelectrophoresed with 23S and 16S ribonucleic acid. Three ribonucleoprotein particles (49S, 36S, and 30S) were isolated from repairing cells by sedimentation through sucrose gradients. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the 49S particle contained 23S ribonucleic acid, the 36S particle contained both 23S ribonucleic acid and 16S precursor and mature ribonucleic acid, and the 30S particle contained 16S and precursor 16S ribonucleic acid. Particles with similar sedimentation properties were found in unheated cells.
<i>Klotho</i> Gene Polymorphisms Associated With Bone Density of Aged Postmenopausal Women (2002)

Because mice deficient in klotho gene expression exhibit multiple aging phenotypes including osteopenia, we explored the possibility that the klotho gene may contribute to age-related bone loss in humans by examining the association between klotho gene polymorphisms and bone density in two genetically distinct racial populations: the white and the Japanese. Screening of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human klotho gene identified 11 polymorphisms, and three of them were common in both populations. Associations of the common SNPs with bone density were investigated in populations of 1187 white women and of 215 Japanese postmenopausal women. In the white population, one in the promoter region (G-395A, p = 0.001) and one in exon 4 (C1818T, p = 0.010) and their haplotypes (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with bone density in aged postmenopausal women (> or = 65 years), but not in premenopausal or younger postmenopausal women. These associations were also seen in Japanese postmenopausal women. An electrophoretic mobility shift analysis revealed that the G-A substitution in the promoter region affected DNA-protein interaction in cultured human kidney 293 cells. These results indicate that the klotho gene may be involved in the pathophysiology of bone loss with aging in humans.