gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metabolic engineering of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i> for the production of L‐ornithine (2014)

L-ornithine is a non-essential amino acid for various industrial applications in food industry. In this study, Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 was metabolically engineered for the production of L-ornithine. First, the proB and argF genes were deleted to block the competitive branch pathway and to block the conversion of L-ornithine to citrulline, respectively. In addition, the argR gene encoding the regulatory repressor of the L-arginine operon was also deleted. The resulting strain produced 230 mg/L of L-ornithine from glucose in flask culture. This base strain was further engineered by the plasmid-based overexpression of the argCJBD genes from C. glutamicum ATCC 21831, which resulted in the production of 7.19 g/L of L-ornithine. To enrich the NADPH pool, the carbon flux was redirected towards the pentose phosphate pathway by changing the start codons of the pgi and zwf genes and replacing the native promoter of the tkt operon with the strong sod promoter. Fed-batch cultivation of this final strain YW06 (pSY223) allowed production of 51.5 g/L of L-ornithine in 40 h with the overall productivity of 1.29 g/L/h. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the possibility of efficiently producing L-ornithine by metabolically engineered C. glutamicum.
Mapping of the DNA Binding Domain of the Copper-responsive Transcription Factor Mac1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1998)

Mac1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae activates transcription of genes, including CTR1 in copper-deficient cells. N-terminal fusions of Mac1 with the herpes simplex VP16 activation domain were used to show that residues 1-159 in Mac1 constitute the minimal DNA binding domain. Mac1-(1-159) purified from Escherichia coli contains two bound Zn(II) ions. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed direct and specific binding by Mac1-(1-159) to a DNA duplex containing the copper-responsive element TTTGCTCA. The DNA binding affinity of Mac1-(1-159) for a duplex containing a single promoter element or an inverted repeat was 5 nM for the 1:1 complex. The N-terminal 40-residue segment of Mac1 is homologous to the DNA binding zinc module found in the copper-activated transcription factors Ace1 and Amt1. A MAC1 mutation yielding a Cys11 --> Tyr substitution at the first candidate zinc ligand position relative to Ace1 resulted in a loss of in vivo function. Two TTTGCTCA promoter elements are necessary for efficient Mac1-mediated transcriptional activation. The elements appear to function synergistically. Increasing the number of elements yields more than additive enhancements in CTR1 expression.
The Effect of Sodium Monofluorophosphate plus Calcium on Vertebral Fracture Rate in Postmenopausal Women with Moderate Osteoporosis (1998)

Low-dose fluoride (20 mg/d) given continuously with calcium for prolonged periods can decrease vertebral fracture rates compared with calcium alone in patients with mild to moderate osteoporosis.
High Aspect Ratio (~25:1) Sub-10 Nm HSQ Lines Using Electron Beam Lithography (2012)

This paper reports the challenging work in producing ultra high aspect ratio ~25:1 sub-10 nm HSQ lines using 250 nm thick HSQ resist, which is successfully used as the etch mask and provides the flexibility for high resolution pattern transfer.
A digital approach to the disturbance-accommodation problem (1988)

In this paper, the work of Burdess and Metcalfe (1985) on the active control of forced vibrations in mechanical systems is extended to the disturbance-accommodation problem. The topic is treated from the digital systems point of view and an a priori control action is included with an improved disturbance estimator. The idea of a modified disturbance observer is proposed to show how an estimate of the excitation can be derived and is used to generate part of the control action. In order to allow a predefined state trajectory to be followed, an a priori control action is proposed. The resulting compensator does not require any knowledge of the disturbance model, the underlying concept consisting of estimating the disturbance instantaneously. Experimental results are presented to show the performance of the method proposed with different types of dis turbances acting on the system considered.
Fractal scanning for image compression (2002)

The authors describe an alternative scanning technique called fractal scanning for images different from the usual raster scan which increases the image correlation. The increased correlation can be better exploited to achieve higher image compression. The scanning procedure uses a basic 4*4 pattern recursively to scan an image. Various possible quantization procedures are outlined, with an emphasis on the design of vector quantizers for the rescanned images. The scanned image is vector-quantized to achieve image compression. Experimental results are given. >
Novel N-alkylation of amines with organocopper reagents (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNovel N-alkylation of amines with organocopper reagentsHisashi Yamamoto and Keiji MaruokaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 13, 2739–2740Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01301a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01301a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1269Altmetric-Citations76LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Oxygen in High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (1998)

Inhaled NO may have a therapeutic role in the management of HAPE. The combined use of inhaled NO and oxygen has additive effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and even greater effects on gas exchange. These findings indicate that oxygen and NO may act on separate but interactive mechanisms in the pulmonary vasculature.
Culture of bone marrow cells in GM-CSF plus high doses of lipopolysaccharide generates exclusively immature dendritic cells which induce alloantigen- specific CD4 T cell anergyin vitro (2000)

Dendritic cells (DC) can be generated from mouse bone marrow (BM) in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Bacterial stimuli such as endotoxin / lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce their final maturation. When BM-DC cultures were treated at day 6 or later with LPS, this final maturation was induced in vitro within 24 h. Such mature DC exhibited high levels of surface MHC II molecules and potent T cell sensitizing, but reduced endocytosis capacity. In contrast, immature DC express only few MHC II molecules and are weak T cell stimulators but highly endocytic. When BM-DC cultures in GM-CSF were treated with 1 microg / ml LPS at day 0 of the culture or throughout the culture, only immature DC developed as defined by phenotype (MHC II low) and function (high endocytosis, weak primary mixed lymphocyte reaction). Those early LPS-treated immature DC induced alloantigen-specific anergy of CD4(+) T cells in vitro. These findings might contribute to the understanding of reduced T cell immunity in the course of septic shock and find application in DC-mediated tolerogenic immunotherapy strategies.
PR 효과 측정 도구 개발을 위한 일 연구 : 신문 퍼블리시티를 중심으로 (2004)

조직 사회가 발달함에 따라 기업이나 일반 조직에서의 홍보 업무의 중요성도 날이 갈수록 증대하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 홍보 업무의 실질적인 가치 환산 작업이 미흡해, 홍보 업무의 가치 자체가 폄하되어 오곤 했다. 이러한 문제 의식에서 출발한 이 연구의 목적은 홍보 업무의 효과를 계량화하고 그 경제적 가치가 어느 정도인가를 수량화하여 홍보 업무의 실질적인 효과를 측정하는 데 있다. 이러한 홍보 효과 측정을 위해 신문 지면에 퍼블리시티된 효과를 경제적 가치로 환산하고자 한다. 이러한 연구는 지금까지 진행되어 왔던 비전문적이고, 지협적이던 측정 방법의 한계를 극복하고 체계적이고 과학적이면서 엄격한 모델을 만들기 위해 최근 광고 PR 관련 논문들을 조사하고 홍보 업계 전문가들과 수차례에 걸친 그룹 인터뷰를 실시하여 가중치를 새롭게 개발하는 방식으로 전개되었다. 연구 결과 분석 대상이었던 A조직의 1년 총 홍보 효과는 광고 단가로 환산하였을 때 약 77억 원의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 월 평균 홍보 효과는 약 6억 3000만 원으로 추정되었다. A조직 홍보실의 1년 예산이 10억 원 안팎인 것을 고려할 때 홍보 효과는 투입 대비 산출 효과가 무려 7배 이상으로 나타났다. 이는 A조직 홍보실의 1년 홍보 활동은 가외 비용 77억 원을 절약한 셈이라고 결론이 난다. 이러한 결과는 지금까지 그 명확한 방법을 찾지 못해 고심하던 조직 내 홍보실에 발전적 방향으로의 정책 수립을 가능하게 할 것이며. 기업의 측면에서도 이러한 효과 측정 모델을 통해 한층 구체적인 기업 홍보 내용의 평가와 향후 목표 설정이 용이해질 수 있을 것이다.
Local Wound Care for Malignant and Palliative Wounds (2010)

After participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:
Aerosol-size spectra by means of nuclepore filters (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAerosol-size spectra by means of nuclepore filtersOctavio T. Melo and Colin R. PhillipsCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1975, 9, 6, 560–564Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60104a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es60104a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multitasking roles of mosquito labrum in oviposition and blood feeding (2015)

Reception of odorants by two main head appendages, antennae and maxillary palps, is essential for insects' survival and reproduction. There is growing evidence in the literature suggesting that the proboscis is also an olfactory appendage and its function as an additional "antenna" has been previously proposed. We surmised that movements of the labrum toward a blood vessel might be chemically oriented and, if so, there should be odorant receptors expressed in the labrum. To test this hypothesis, we first compared by quantitative PCR expression of odorant receptors (OR) from the Southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus in antennae and proboscis and, subsequently compared OR expression in various proboscis parts. Our data suggested that a receptor for the oviposition attractant, skatole, CquiOR21, was not expressed in proboscis, whereas a receptor for another oviposition attractant, 4EP (4-ethylphenol), CquiOR99, and a receptorf for the insect repellent DEET, CquiOR136, were expressed in the stylet of the proboscis, particularly in the tip of the labrum. In a dual-choice olfactometer, mosquitoes having the stylet coated with nail polish were attracted to 4EP in the same manner as the untreated mosquitoes. By contrast, in an oviposition assay, the stylet-treated mosquitoes did not discriminate 4EP from control oviposition cups, whereas the untreated mosquitoes (as well as mosquitoes having the labella coated) laid significantly more egg rafts in cups treated with 4EP. Ablation experiments confirmed that 4EP was sensed by the labrum where CquiOR99 is highly expressed. Stylet-coated, labella-coated, and untreated mosquitoes laid significantly more egg rafts in skatole-treated cups than in control cups. Likewise, coating of proboscis structures with nail polish had no effect on DEET-mediated oviposition deterrence. In a behavioral arena designed to mimic a human arm, mosquitoes showed significantly reduced probing time when blood was impregnated with 4EP, i.e., they engaged more rapidly in continuous blood feeding as compared to untreated blood. The time of engagement for feeding in skatole-containing blood vs. untreated blood did not differ significantly. Taken together, these data suggest that 4EP reception by the labrum is important not only for oviposition decisions, but also for reducing probing and initiation of blood feeding.
A distributed big data storage and data mining framework for solar-generated electricity quantity forecasting (2011)

Photovoltaic is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current electricity using semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels composed of a number of solar cells containing a photovoltaic material. Due to the growing demand for renewable energy sources, the manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced considerably in recent years. Solar photovoltaics are growing rapidly, albeit from a small base, to a total global capacity of 40,000 MW at the end of 2010. More than 100 countries use solar photovoltaics. Driven by advances in technology and increases in manufacturing scale and sophistication, the cost of photovoltaic has declined steadily since the first solar cells were manufactured. Net metering and financial incentives, such as preferential feed-in tariffs for solar-generated electricity; have supported solar photovoltaics installations in many countries. However, the power that generated by solar photovoltaics is affected by the weather and other natural factors dramatically. To predict the photovoltaic energy accurately is of importance for the entire power intelligent dispatch in order to reduce the energy dissipation and maintain the security of power grid. In this paper, we have proposed a big data system--the Solar Photovoltaic Power Forecasting System, called SPPFS to calculate and predict the power according the real-time conditions. In this system, we utilized the distributed mixed database to speed up the rate of collecting, storing and analysis the meteorological data. In order to improve the accuracy of power prediction, the given neural network algorithm has been imported into SPPFS.By adopting abundant experiments, we shows that the framework can provide higher forecast accuracy-error rate less than 15% and obtain low latency of computing by deploying the mixed distributed database architecture for solar-generated electricity.
PD1 signal transduction pathways in T cells (2017)

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer is revolutionizing oncology. Amongst these therapeutic agents, antibodies that block PD-L1/PD1 interactions between cancer cells and T cells are demonstrating high efficacies and low toxicities. Despite all the recent advances, very little is yet known on the molecular intracellular signaling pathways regulated by either PD-L1 or PD1. Here we review the current knowledge on PD1-dependent intracellular signaling pathways, and the consequences of disrupting PD1 signal transduction.
THERMAL INACTIVATION OF Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679 AND Bacillus stearothermophilus 1518 IN LOW‐ACID HOME‐CANNED FOODS (1978)

ABSTRACT One of the requirements for establishing thermal processes for canning low‐acid foods is the confirmation of the calculated processes obtained from heat penetration data by carrying out an inoculated pack study. The results presented in this paper confirm the processes for home canning low‐acid foods at 15 psig suggested by Zottola et al. (JFS‐1978) and Nordsiden et al. (JFS‐1978). Two heat resistant spore suspensions were used in the inoculated pack, Bacillus stearothermophilus 1518 and Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679. Results obtained using four representative low‐acid foods showed the following times at 15 psig were such that no recovery of the test spores, inoculated at 10,000 per container, was observed; peas 10 mm, carrots 7 min, cream‐style corn 5.5 min and beef stew with vegetables 15 min.
Evaluation of electron capture cell designs for use in high resolution capillary column gas chromatography (1983)

Abstract A comparison of the effects on peak shape is made between a 350 and 100 microliter displaced coaxial and a 350 microliter concentric cylinder electron capture cell. Peaks as fast as W 1/2 = 0.5 second were detected using electronics operating in the constant current mode. The measured peak shapes are compared to those obtained by computer simulation assuming either complete mixing or plug‐like flow within ECD cell. The advantage of controlling the flow pattern through the cell to obtain plug‐like flow is demonstrated. Differences in peak shape between the displaced coaxial and concentric cylinder cells of the same volume are explained in terms of the electrostatic fields within the cells.
The shell as a service (1993)

Abstract This paper explores the design history of the nmake shell coprocess. Originally a special purpose uniprocessor executor, the coshell has evolved into a general purpose service that automatically executes shell actions on lightly loaded hosts in a local network. A major thrust of this work has been ease of use. The only privilege required for installation, administration or use is rsh access to the local hosts. nmake and GNU-make users can take advantage of network execution with no makefile modifications. Shell level access is similar to but more efficient than rsh and allows host expression matching to replace the explicit host name argument. Also provided is a C programming library interface with five primitive operations that follow the forkexec -wait process model. Beside the speedups attained by parallelizing computations in a homogeneous network, coshell also supports heterogeneous configurations. This presents novel solutions to traditional cross-compilation problems...
<title>Advances and technologies of galvanometer-based optical scanners</title> (1999)

This paper will introduce the benefits, operating ranges and recent advances in galvanometer technology for scanning applications. Several different actuator and position detector technologies and designs will be presented. This will include moving iron, moving coil and moving magnet actuators along with several capacitive and optical position detector designs that offer positioning speed as fast as 150 micro-seconds and positioning repeatability/resolution to a single microradian. The performance and system design trade- offs that one should consider during the selection of the appropriate galvanometer technology and the optical systems design will be discussed along with a performance comparison of the galvanometer to other optical scanning technologies.
Nkx2–5 transactivates the <i>Ets-related protein 71</i> gene and specifies an endothelial/endocardial fate in the developing embryo (2009)

Recent studies support the existence of a common progenitor for the cardiac and endothelial cell lineages, but the underlying transcriptional networks responsible for specification of these cell fates remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that Ets-related protein 71 (Etsrp71), a newly discovered ETS family transcription factor, was a novel downstream target of the homeodomain protein, Nkx2-5. Using genetic mouse models and molecular biological techniques, we demonstrated that Nkx2-5 binds to an evolutionarily conserved Nkx2-5 response element in the Etsrp71 promoter and induces the Etsrp71 gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Etsrp71 was transiently expressed in the endocardium/endothelium of the developing embryo (E7.75-E9.5) and was extinguished during the latter stages of development. Using a gene disruption strategy, we found that Etsrp71 mutant embryos lacked endocardial/endothelial lineages and were nonviable. Moreover, using transgenic technologies and transcriptional and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we further established that Tie2 is a direct downstream target of Etsrp71. Collectively, our results uncover a novel functional role for Nkx2-5 and define a transcriptional network that specifies an endocardial/endothelial fate in the developing heart and embryo.
Promotion of leukocyte transendothelial cell migration by chemokines derived from human biliary epithelial cells in vitro. (1997)

Biliary epithelial cells are the focus of inflammatory damage in several liver diseases, including allograft rejection wherein intrahepatic bile ducts are infiltrated and damaged by T cells and neutrophils. Locally secreted chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) are important signals for leukocyte recruitment to an inflammatory site and include interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), potent chemotactic agents for neutrophils and monocyte or T cells, respectively. In this study, we demonstrate that primary cultures of human biliary epithelial cells (BECs) express and secrete IL-8 and MCP-1, both of which are upregulated rapidly and markedly in response to the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Interferon-gamma had a differential effect by reducing IL-8 secretion but stimulating MCP-1 secretion. BECs cocultured in transwell chambers below confluent monolayers of endothelial cells promoted the transendothelial migration of neutrophils, which was blocked by antibodies to CD18 or CD11b but only partially inhibited by blocking antibodies to IL-8. We conclude that human BECs produce and secrete potent, functional chemokines when stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines. The ability of BECs to secrete chemokines and thus to promote leukocyte infiltration into portal tracts seems likely to be an important cause of bile duct damage in such conditions as liver allograft rejection and may explain the involvement of intrahepatic bile ducts in a number of inflammatory liver diseases.
Characterization of [<sup>3</sup>H]‐CGP54626A binding to heterodimeric GABA<sub>B</sub> receptors stably expressed in mammalian cells (2000)

Functional human GABA(B(1a,2)) and GABA(B(1b,2)) receptors have been stably expressed in mammalian CHO K1 cells. Detailed characterization of GABA(B) ligand binding at each of the receptors has been compared using [(3)H]-CGP54626A. In cell membranes fractions, [(3)H]-CGP54626A bound to a single site with a K(D) of 1. 51+/-1.12 nM, B(max) of 2.02+/-0.17 pmoles mg protein(-1) and 0. 86+/-0.20 nM, B(max) of 5.19+/-0.57 pmoles mg protein(-1) for GABA(B(1a,2)) and GABA(B(1b,2)) respectively. In competition binding assays the rank order was identical for both GABA(B) receptors. For known GABA(B) agonists the rank order was CGP27492>SKF97541=CGP46381>GABA>Baclofen and for GABA(B) antagonists the rank order was CGP54262A>CGP55845>CGP52432>SCH 50911>CGP51176>CGP36742=CGP35348 > or =2-OH Saclofen > or =ABPA. The allosteric effect of calcium cations was also investigated. The effect of removal of CaCl(2) from the binding assay conditions was ligand dependent to either cause a decrease in ligand affinity or to have no significant effect. However, these effects were similar for both GABA(B) receptors. A whole cell, scintillation proximity binding assay was used to determine agonist affinity at exclusively heterodimeric GABA(B) receptors. In competition assays, the rank order was the same for both GABA(B(1a,2)) and GABA(B(1b,2)) and consistent with that seen with cell membrane fractions. These data suggest that, in terms of ligand binding, the currently identified isoforms of the GABA(B) receptor are pharmacologically indistinguishable.