gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solving Vendor Lock-in in VME Single Board Computers through Open-sourcing of the PCIe-VME64x Bridge (2018)

VME is a standard for modular electronics widely used in research institutes. Slave cards in a VME crate are controlled from a VME master, typically part of a Single Board Computer (SBC). The SBC typically runs an operating system and communicates with the VME bus through a PCI or PCIe-to-VME bridge chip. The de-facto standard bridge, TSI148, has recently been discontinued, and therefore the question arises about what bridging solution to use in new commercial SBC designs. This paper describes our effort to solve the VME bridge availability problem. Together with a commercial company, MEN, we have open-sourced their VHDL implementation of the PCIe-VME64x interface. We have created a new commodity which is free to be used in any SBC having an FPGA, thus avoiding vendor lock-in and providing a fertile ground for collaboration among institutes and companies around the VME platform. The article also describes the internals of the MEN PCIe-VME64x HDL core as well as the software package that comes with it.
The Distribution of Medication along the Spinal Canal after Chronic Intrathecal Administration (1993)

Chronic intrathecal drug infusion for the treatment of neurological diseases, such as spasticity and chronic pain, has become an accepted method of therapy in recent years. Concurrent pharmacokinetic studies have shown that the cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drug level is considerably lower than the lumbar CSF level during continuous infusion into the lumbar subarachnoid space. One factor that makes analysis of this decline in drug level difficult to quantify is that it is only feasible to sample CSF at the two extremes of the spinal subarachnoid space. Using a radionuclide technique, we have examined the distribution along the spinal canal of a hydrophilic compound, indium-111 diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, that was delivered over 72 hours into the lumbar subarachnoid space in five patients with implanted drug pumps. Over a 20-cm distance of the thoracic cord, radionuclide counts decreased gradually so that the indium-111 diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid concentration surrounding the cord at the T2 vertebral level was 43% of that at the T12 level in four patients. Therefore, it appears that even with a hydrophilic compound, which minimizes spinal cord capillary losses, there is still a considerable reduction of CSF drug concentration along the spinal canal. The clinical implication of this gradual decline in drug level is that for intrathecal infusion of relatively hydrophilic compounds there may not be any advantage in placing the catheter tip at more rostral locations, such as at the midthoracic or cervical cord.
Definitions of Managed Objects for Internet Fibre Channel Protocol (iFCP) (2006)

The iFCP protocol (RFC 4172) provides Fibre Channel fabric
functionality on an IP network in which TCP/IP switching and routing
elements replace Fibre Channel components. The iFCP protocol is used
between iFCP Gateways. This document provides a mechanism to monitor
and control iFCP Gateway instances, and their associated sessions,
using SNMP. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Estrogen action in the reproductive tract of rhesus monkeys during antiprogestin treatment. (1993)

We previously reported that RU486 can reverse progesterone (P)-induced suppression of the estrogen receptor (ER) in the uterus of pregnant rhesus monkeys, but we did not determine whether estrogen (E) could act through its receptor in the presence of P and RU486. To pursue this question, we treated spayed rhesus monkeys with various hormonal regimens and evaluated the effects of E in the oviduct and endometrium, with and without RU486 treatment, on ER and progestin receptor (PR) levels, morphology, apoptosis, and degree of proliferation. The latter was assessed immunocytochemically with a monoclonal antibody (Ki-67) against a nuclear antigen present only in proliferating cells. Animals were treated for 2 weeks with 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and then for 2 weeks with E2 plus P to produce a regressed oviduct and a secretory endometrium. The animals were then treated for 2 more weeks with four different treatments, as follows: I) E2, P, and vehicle; II) E2 and vehicle; III) E2, P, and RU486; and IV) E2 and RU486 (n = 4 each). In group I, menstruation did not occur, and the endometrium exhibited stromal cell enlargement, extensive development of the spiral arteries, few Ki-67-positive cells, and low levels of ER and PR. Oviducts in group I remained regressed, Ki-67-positive epithelial cells were few, and levels of ER and PR were low. In contrast, in groups II, III, and IV, the oviducts had responded to E2 and were fully ciliated and secretory, with elevated levels of ER and nuclear PR. All animals in these three groups menstruated and then regenerated their endometrium. The regenerated endometria expressed elevations in ER, nuclear PR, and epithelial Ki-67 index. However, the endometria of RU486-treated monkeys in groups III and IV had significantly more epithelial cell death by apoptosis, increased stromal cell compaction, and fewer Ki-67-positive stromal cells than in the E2 controls (group II). In group IV, RU486 caused a significant decrease in endometrial weight. Thus, RU486 blocked P action and allowed E2 to act in a normal fashion in the oviduct and endometrium on several end points, but it also had antiproliferative effects that opposed E2 action, especially in the endometrium.
Study of multilayer microstrip antennas with radiating elements of various geometry (1990)

A study of multilayer microstrip antennas fed by coaxial probe or microstrip line is presented. The method developed is applicable to structures with stacked or offset radiating elements of various shapes including rectangles, discs and triangles. Theoretical and experimental results of input impedance are given for the different structures. Radiation information is presented and the relative merits of different structures are discussed.
In Situ Trace Metal Speciation in Lake Surface Waters Using DGT, Dialysis, and Filtration (2002)

In situ measurements of Fe and Mn by dialysis and diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) in 5 lakes (pH 4.7-7.5, ionic strength 0.3-5 mmol l(-1)) and Cu and Zn in an acidic and circumneutral lake were compared to results from on site filtration. For the most acidic lake (pH 4.7) all measurements agreed, indicating an absence of colloids and negligible complexation by organic matter. There was little difference in the Mn concentrations measured by the three techniques for any lake, consistent with it being free from complexation. Zn measured by dialysis in circumneutral water was only slightly higher than DGT measurements, appropriate to only partial complexation. Substantial differences between dialysis and DGT for Cu were consistent with complexation by fulvic and humic substances, though not to the extent predicted by the speciation code WHAM. To achieve a good fit it was necessary to adjust the pK for Cu-fulvic binding from 0.8 to 1.3 and to assume that fulvic substances dominated. The presence of low molecular weight strong binding ligands would also be consistent with the data. Differences between the three measurement methods were greatest for Fe, attributable to the presence of large oxyhydroxide colloids, organic complexation and low molecular weight, reactive hydrolysis products. Fe and Mn concentrations measured by DGT on samples returned to the laboratory were much lower than in situ concentrations, illustrating the need for in situ measurements. While use of two in situ techniques provided useful information on the speciation of these natural waters, further refinements are required for unambiguous characterization of the solution. The use of DGT with a more restricted gel that excludes complexes with humic substances should provide complementary information to in situ dialysis.
Expression of retinoid-X receptors (-Æ,-a,-a) and retinoic acid receptors (-Æ,-a,-a) in normal human skin: an immunohistological evaluation (1997)

Increasing evidence suggests that the retinoid-X receptors (RXR-AE,-â,-a) play a crucial role in regulating the transcriptional activity of several steroid hormone receptors, including the receptors for retinoic acid (RAR-AE,-â,-a), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and thyroid hormone. We investigated the localization of the different types of RXR-AE,-â,-a and RAR-AE,-â,-a proteins in frozen sections of normal human skin (n  12) in situ, applying recently raised corresponding specific monoclonal antibodies and an immunohistochemical technique that we established for the detection of these nuclear receptors. Our findings indicate that RXR-AE,-â,-a and RAR-AE,-â,-a proteins can be detected by immunohistochemistry in normal human skin. In contrast to RXR-AE,-â,-a as well as RAR-AE and RAR-a proteins that were consistently detected in cell layers of the viable epidermis, RAR-â was only focally demonstrated in single epidermal cells in three out of 12 biopsies analysed. Immunohistochemical labelling of RAR-AE,-â,-a and RXR-AE,-â,-a proteins in epidermal nuclei was also pronounced in the stratum granulosum, suggesting a function of RXR and RAR proteins in the transition from proliferation to differatiation in epidermal keratinocytes. Expression of RXRs and RARs in hair follicles, sebaceous glands and endothelial cell points to a biological function from these nuclear receptors to hair growth as well as to the physiology of sebaceous glands and endothelial cells.
<i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Serogroup 1 Strain Paris: Endemic Distribution throughout France (2003)

An analysis of 691 French clinical Legionella isolates showed that the endemic L. pneumophila serogroup 1 strain Paris was responsible for 12.2% of all cases of legionellosis and had a specific pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern. We also demonstrated the presence of this endemic clone throughout Europe.
The State Department's Opportunity in Science (1956)

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Optimization of SBM Formulations for Minimum Damage (2001)

Abstract Synthetic based mud formulations (SBM) are specially proposed to drill long open hole sections since such formulations present enhanced lubricating properties and limit torque and drag problems. When the mud is in contact with horizontal open hole section for a long period of time in overbalanced conditions, it induces invasion phenomena that may be detrimental for reservoir productivity. Formation damage due to OBM or SBM is largely due to solid invasion occurring during the first steps of filtration when an internal filtercake is built. The damage is evaluated in terms of cake formation, filtration volume and back flow properties. During the back flow, when the cake is partially or totally removed, an overpressure to initiate flow through filter cake, named flow initiation pressure (FIP) appears and may affect the porous media stability. In case of unconsolidated reservoir, such a pressure may induce fine particle production which may affect the surface facilities and have to be removed from the production fluid. Additives used in OBM formulations may either be dispersed or solubilized in the oil phase. A comparative study was performed with two kinds of additives through classical mud tests i.e. rheological characterisation, emulsion stability and static filtration tests and formation damage experiments on natural cores put under downhole saturation conditions. Organo soluble additives may enhance the cake properties and limit the invasion both under dynamic and static conditions. The dynamic filtration properties were studied on a large range of reservoir permeability. Compared to a classical additive, the organo soluble additive used in a SBM formulation induces a lower invasion on low permeabilities. On high permeability sandstone, it was noticed that the invasion is not damaging since during the black flow, the pressure evolved as a function of time up to a constant low value. This indicates a high value of ultimate return permeability due to the production during the back flow of the additives present in the filtrate but removable in the oil flow.
The Nature of Irreversible Shock (1964)

Lillehei, Richard C. M.D., Ph.D.; Longerbeam, Jerrold K. M.D.; Bloch, Jack H. M.D.; Manax, William G. M.D. Author Information
A Common Biological Mechanism in Cancer and Alzheimers Disease? (2009)

Cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two common disorders for which the final pathophysiological mechanism is not yet clearly defined. In a prospective longitudinal study we have previously shown an inverse association between AD and cancer, such that the rate of developing cancer in general with time was significantly slower in participants with AD, while participants with a history of cancer had a slower rate of developing AD. In cancer, cell regulation mechanisms are disrupted with augmentation of cell survival and/or proliferation, whereas conversely, AD is associated with increased neuronal death, either caused by, or concomitant with, beta amyloid (Abeta) and tau deposition. The possibility that perturbations of mechanisms involved in cell survival/death regulation could be involved in both disorders is discussed. Genetic polymorphisms, DNA methylation or other mechanisms that induce changes in activity of molecules with key roles in determining the decision to "repair and live"- or "die" could be involved in the pathogenesis of the two disorders. As examples, the role of p53, Pin1 and the Wnt signaling pathway are discussed as potential candidates that, speculatively, may explain inverse associations between AD and cancer.
A hexapole magnetic guide for neutral atomic beams (2009)

In this paper we present a multiple element magnetic device to guide atoms using a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field formed by a series of permanent hexapole magnets. The operation of the device is demonstrated using an enhanced beam of neon atoms in the 3P2 metastable state. These atoms are guided around a bend of 30 degrees from their original path. A flux of 4.35 x 10(9) +/- 2 x 10(7) atoms s(-1) was measured after the device yielding a transmission efficiency of approximately 9% of the input flux. Simulations of the center of mass motion of the atoms through the magnetic guide have been performed giving reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Content of Human Vertebral Bone Marrow (2004)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of down-regulating alloimmune responses and promoting the engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells. MSCs may therefore be suitable for improving donor-specific tolerance induction in solid-organ transplantation. Cells from cadaveric vertebral bone marrow (V-BM), aspirated iliac crest-BM, and peripheral blood progenitor cells were compared. Cells were characterized by flow cytometry and colony assays. MSCs generated from V-BM were assayed for differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory function. A median 5.7 x 10(8) nucleated cells (NCs) were recovered per vertebral body. The mesenchymal progenitor, colony-forming unit-fibroblast, frequency in V-BM (11.6/10(5) NC, range: 6.0-20.0) was considerably higher than in iliac crest-BM (1.4/10(5) NC, range: 0.4-2.6) and peripheral blood progenitor cells (not detectable). MSC generated from V-BM had the typical MSC phenotype (CD105(pos)CD73(pos)CD45(neg)CD34(neg)), displayed multilineage differentiation potential, and suppressed alloreactivity in mixed lymphocyte reactions. V-BM may be an excellent source for MSC cotransplantation approaches.
eIF4E Activation Is Commonly Elevated in Advanced Human Prostate Cancers and Significantly Related to Reduced Patient Survival (2009)

Elevated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) function induces malignancy in experimental models by selectively enhancing translation of key malignancy-related mRNAs (c-myc and BCL-2). eIF4E activation may reflect increased eIF4E expression or phosphorylation of its inhibitory binding proteins (4E-BP). By immunohistochemical analyses of 148 tissues from 89 prostate cancer patients, we now show that both eIF4E expression and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation (p4E-BP1) are increased significantly, particularly in advanced prostate cancer versus benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. Further, increased eIF4E and p4E-BP1 levels are significantly related to reduced patient survival, whereas uniform 4E-BP1 expression is significantly related to better patient survival. Both immunohistochemistry and Western blotting reveal that elevated eIF4E and p4E-BP1 are evident in the same prostate cancer tissues. In two distinct prostate cancer cell models, the progression to androgen independence also involves increased eIF4E activation. In these prostate cancer cells, reducing eIF4E expression with an eIF4E-specific antisense oligonucleotide currently in phase I clinical trials robustly induces apoptosis, regardless of cell cycle phase, and reduces expression of the eIF4E-regulated proteins BCL-2 and c-myc. Collectively, these data implicate eIF4E activation in prostate cancer and suggest that targeting eIF4E may be attractive for prostate cancer therapy.
Skin Vaccination against Cervical Cancer Associated Human Papillomavirus with a Novel Micro-Projection Array in a Mouse Model (2010)

Use of dry micro-projection arrays (Nanopatch™) has the potential to overcome the need for a vaccine cold chain for common vaccines currently delivered by needle and syringe, and to reduce risk of needle-stick injury and vaccine avoidance due to the fear of the needle especially among children.
Environmental Regulation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 Las and Rhl Quorum-Sensing Systems (2007)

The lasI-lasR and the rhlI-rhlR quorum-sensing systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa regulate the expression of numerous cellular and secreted virulence factor genes and play important roles in the development of biofilms. The las and rhl systems themselves are known to be directly or indirectly regulated by a number of transcriptional regulators, and consequently, their expression is sensitive to environmental conditions. In this report, the activities of these two quorum-sensing systems have been examined systematically under 46 growth conditions, and the regulation by environmental conditions has been investigated. The relative timing and strength of expression of these two systems varied significantly under different conditions, which contrasts with the notion of a preset hierarchy with these two systems in P. aeruginosa. Depending on the growth conditions, the correlation between each synthase and its cognate transcriptional regulator also varied, suggesting that the transcription of these genes independently allows for further fine tuning of each system. Finally, we observe that the activities of both the lasI-lasR and the rhlI-rhlR quorum-sensing systems were dramatically enhanced in the presence of extracts of sputum samples from cystic fibrosis patients.
Predictive dynamic bandwidth allocation for efficient transport of real-time VBR video over ATM (1995)

This paper presents a novel approach to dynamic transmission bandwidth allocation for transport of real-time variable-bit-rate video in ATM networks. Video traffic statistics are measured in the frequency domain. The low-frequency signal captures the slow time-variation of consecutive scene changes while the high-frequency signal exhibits the feature of strong frame autocorrelation. Our queueing study indicates that the video transmission bandwidth in a finite-buffer system is essentially characterized by the low-frequency signal. We further observe in typical JPEG/MPEG video sequences that the time scale of video scene changes is in the range of a second or longer, which localizes the low-frequency video signal in a well-defined low-frequency band. Hence, in a network design it is feasible to implement dynamic allocation of video transmission bandwidth using on-line observation and prediction of scene changes. Two prediction schemes are examined: recursive least square method and time delay neural network method. A time delay neural network with low-complexity high-order architecture, called "pi-sigma network," is successfully used to predict scene changes. The overall dynamic bandwidth-allocation scheme presented is shown to be promising and practically feasible in obtaining efficient transmission of real-time video traffic.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new on-chip interconnect crosstalk model and experimental verification for CMOS VLSI circuit design (2000)

A new, simple closed-form crosstalk model is proposed. The model is based on a lumped configuration but effectively includes the distributed properties of interconnect capacitance and resistance. CMOS device nonlinearity is simply approximated as a linear device. That is, the CMOS gate is modeled as a resistance at the driving port and a capacitance at a driven port. Interconnects are modeled as effective resistances and capacitances to match the distributed transmission behavior. The new model shows excellent agreement with SPICE simulations. Further, while existing models do not support the multiple line crosstalk behaviors, our model can be generalized to multiple lines. That is, unlike previously published work, even if the geometrical structures are not identical, it can accurately predict crosstalk. The model is experimentally verified with 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process-based interconnect test structures. The new model can be readily implemented in CAD analysis tools. This model can be used to predict the signal integrity for high-speed and high-density VLSI circuit design.
Wide Band Frequency Characterization of Al-Doped and Undoped Rutile TiO<sub>2</sub>Thin Films for MIM Capacitors (2017)

In this letter, the dielectric properties of rutile TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thin films are studied for metal-insulator-metal capacitor applications. The dielectric constant, the ac conductivity, and the loss tangent are measured in a wide band frequency range, from 1 Hz to 2 GHz. The effect of aluminum doping, as well as the influence of film thickness, on the dielectric properties is presented.
Heat-shocked tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cells induce effective anti-tumor immune response<i>in vivo</i> (2006)

Heat-shocked tumor cell lysate-pulsed DCs can evoke anti-tumor immune response in vivo effectively and serve as a novel DC-based tumor vaccine.
Common mode DC bus filter for Active Front-End converter (2010)

Active Front-End (AFE) converter operation produces electrically noisy DC bus on common mode basis. This results in higher ground current as compared to three phase diode bridge rectifier. Filter topologies for DC bus have to deal problems with switching frequency and harmonic currents. The proposed filter approach reduces common mode voltage and circulates third harmonic current within the system, resulting in minimal ground current injection. The filtering technique, its constrains and design to attenuate common mode voltage and eliminate lower order harmonics injection to ground is discussed. The experimental results for operation of the converter with both SPWM and CSVPWM are presented.
Octave-band aperture-stakced microstrip antenna element for wideband antenna arrays (2016)

An octave-band aperture-stacked antenna element has been presented. The designed antenna element utilizes two stacked rectangular patches which are excited by aperture coupling with the use of dual-feeding technique along with appropriate matching network. The designed feeding network allows for achieving additional resonance at the lower frequency band, and therefore, the antenna element operates within one frequency octave with improved both flatness of directivity and radiation patterns comparing to the previously described design. The proposed approach has been verified by measurements of the designed antenna element operating in 1.75-3.5 GHz frequency range.