gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SAN FRANCISCO DERMATOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (1935)

Acne Agminata. Presented byDr. Ernest K. Stratton. H. W., a woman aged 47, consulted me in June of this year regarding a chronic inflammatory papulopustular eruption of five months' duration, involving the greater part of the face. There was a tendency to grouping about the chin, malar prominences and supra-orbital ridges. The lesions were purplish; many of them were discrete and capped with yellowish pustules. In November 1933 the patient had an acute attack of bronchial asthma and received many intravenous injections of a combination of epinephrine and pituitary gland used in bronchial asthma. She had taken iodides by mouth over a year ago. Many years ago she underwent a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy on account of a tuberculous condition. Roentgen examination of the chest showed evidence of a past infection about the roots of the lungs but no evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Direct smears were negative for acid-fast organisms
Population survey of the human FMR1 CGG repeat substructure suggests biased polarity for the loss of AGG interruptions (1995)

Both sequence length and sequence content are important parameters in determining stability of the fragile X syndrome CGG repeat. In order to estimate the incidence of uninterrupted CGG repeats in the general population and to gain insight into mechanisms responsible for the loss and acquisition of AGG interruptions, 406 randomly selected FMR1 CGG repeat alleles from four broad ethnic groups were assayed for AGG punctuation. Among the 79 different classes of alleles detected, long uninterrupted tracts of pure repeats were rare in the general population, with only 1/406 or 0.25% found at the instability threshold (34-37 pure CGG repeats). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the distribution of alleles with long (>20) pure repeat tracts among the different ethnic groups, suggesting that different ethnic groups should be equally susceptible to the development of the disease. Analysis of an additional 43 alleles with total repeat lengths between 35 and 50 repeats, revealed that highly interrupted CGG repeats alleles (>2 AGG interruptions) occur preferentially at modal repeat lengths in the population, providing confirmatory evidence that the presence of AGG interruptions confers stability. A consideration of length variation of the most 3' tract of pure repeats revealed a bimodal distribution pattern with maxima at approximately 10 and 20 repeats. Only unimodal distributions with maxima 9 or 10 were observed for the 5' tract and middle CGG tract within the FMR1 CGG repeat substructure. These results suggest that the loss of the most 3' AGG interruption or its conversion to CGG is a common event in the human population, occurring by a mechanism which preserves overall repeat length. This bias for loss of the distal-most AGG interruption likely plays an important part in predisposing human alleles to the development of the X syndrome.
Byproduct identification and mechanism determination in plasma chemical decomposition of trichloroethylene (1997)

Plasma chemical behavior of trichloroethylene (TCE) was investigated with a packed-bed ferroelectric pellet reactor and a pulsed corona reactor. Volatile byproducts were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and it was shown that reactor type, TCE concentration, flow rate, background gas, and moisture affected TCE decomposition efficiency and product distribution. Byproduct distributions in nitrogen and the negative effect of oxygen and moisture on TCE decomposition efficiency show that TCE decomposition proceeds via initial elimination of chlorine and hydrogen atoms, the addition of which to TCE accelerates its decomposition. Active oxygen species like OH radical is less likely involved in the initial step of TCE decomposition in plasma. Triplet oxygen molecules (/sup 3/O/sub 2/) scavenge intermediate carbon radicals derived from TCE decomposition to give much lower yields of organic byproducts.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): An Updated Overview and Pharmacotherapeutics (2015)

was discovered by Zaki et al. in Saudi Arabia in 2012 [10,11] and spread to 26 countries, including United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Qatar, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Turkey, Oman, Yemen, Lebanon,
Pharmacological Management of Hypertension (2002)

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and is both common and amenable to treatment.Several major new studies have appeared recently and in response the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and the British Hypertension Society have collaborated to update their respective guidelines on primary hypertension, and to agree joint recommendations.The update focuses only on pharmacological aspects of treatment.Wherever possible, the recommendations are based on the clinical outcomes of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and new onset diabetes mellitus, rather than on blood pressure lowering.A brief treatment algorithm is included.In summary, either calcium channel inhibitors or thiazide-type diuretics should be the preferred initial agent for use in primary hypertension in most patients, although angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (including angiotensin-II receptor inhibitors if ACE-intolerant) are preferred in patients younger than 55.
Control of brain metastases using frameless image-guided radiosurgery (2009)

Image-guided radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases resulted in high rates of tumor control comparable to control rates reported for frame-based methods. High control rates were seen for small lesions in which spatial precision in dose delivery is critical. These data suggests that in regard to lesion control, IGRS using Novalis with ExacTrac is equivalent to frame-based radiosurgery methods.
Oral Clonidine in Postmenopausal Patients with Breast Cancer Experiencing Tamoxifen-Induced Hot Flashes: A University of Rochester Cancer Center Community Clinical Oncology Program Study (2000)

Oral clonidine, 0.1 mg/d, is effective against tamoxifen-induced hot flashes in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.
Memory for frequency of complex sounds (1995)

This study examined whether different testing conditions hamper or enhance the ability to remember frequency of events. Subjects were presented a series of computerized sounds during the acquisition phase and estimated during the testing phase how many times they had heard each sound. Subjects were placed into one of four conditions: (a) no labeling, subjects simply listened to the stimuli; (b) labeling, subjects devised a description for each sound; (c) continuous distractor, subjects performed a simple mathematical task for the entire acquisition periods; and (d) intermittent distractor, subjects performed the mathematical task between the sounding of stimuli. Results indicated that subjects were able to estimate frequency of events fairly well; the more times a sound was played, the higher the subjects' estimates, F(4, 304) = 139.27, p = .000. The distractor conditions, however, did reduce the subjects' abilities to estimate stimulus frequency.
Nanoscale dielectric-graphene-dielectric tunable infrared waveguide with ultrahigh refractive indices (2013)

We propose in this paper a dielectric-graphene-dielectric tunable infrared waveguide based on multilayer metamaterials with ultrahigh refractive indices. The waveguide modes with different orders are systematically analyzed with numerical simulations based on both multilayer structures and effective medium approach. The waveguide shows hyperbolic dispersion properties from mid-infrared to far-infrared wavelength, which means the modes with ultrahigh mode indices could be supported in the waveguide. Furthermore, the optical properties of the waveguide modes could be tuned by the biased voltages on graphene layers. The waveguide may have various promising applications in the quantum cascade lasers and bio-sensing.
Small-period electromagnet wigglers for free-electron lasers (1985)

A new configuration for wiggler magnets compatible with free-electron laser (FEL) deployment is described and demonstrated experimentally. The configuration is simple and inexpensive to fabricate and allows for continuous control of magnetic field amplitude. Because ferromagnetic cores are used, the wiggler fields are strong (∼0.1 T), while the wiggler period can be very small, on the order of 1 mm. It is shown that high power millimeter and submillimeter FEL’s could be built using such wigglers together with sheet electron beams, and that they would have substantially reduced electron energy requirements when compared with FEL’s employing larger period wigglers.
Microbiota-related Changes in Bile Acid & Tryptophan Metabolism are Associated with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Autism (2017)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental conditions worldwide. There is growing awareness that ASD is highly comorbid with gastrointestinal distress and altered intestinal microbiome, and that host-microbiome interactions may contribute to the disease symptoms. However, the paucity of knowledge on gut-brain axis signaling in autism constitutes an obstacle to the development of precision microbiota-based therapeutics in ASD. To this end, we explored the interactions between intestinal microbiota, gut physiology and social behavior in a BTBR T<sup>+</sup>Itpr3<sup>tf</sup>/J mouse model of ASD. Here we show that a reduction in the relative abundance of very particular bacterial taxa in the BTBR gut - namely, bile-metabolizing Bifidobacterium and Blautia species, - is associated with deficient bile acid and tryptophan metabolism in the intestine, marked gastrointestinal dysfunction, as well as impaired social interactions in BTBR mice. Together these data support the concept of targeted manipulation of the gut microbiota for reversing gastrointestinal and behavioral symptomatology in ASD, and offer specific plausible targets in this endeavor.
Gastrointestinal and Nutritional Problems Occur Frequently Throughout Life in Girls and Women With Rett Syndrome (2012)

Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems perceived by parents are prevalent throughout life in girls and women with RTT and may pose a substantial medical burden for their caregivers. Physician awareness of these features of RTT may improve the health and quality of life of individuals affected with this disorder.
Microcomputer software exchange at Michigan State University (1985)

One of the major concerns of microcomputer users is the expense of obtaining software that meets their needs. With the development of “Freeware” or User Supported Software, users have the opportunity to obtain software which can be evaluated completely before purchase. Michigan State University has two distribution sources for microcomputer software. A User Supported Software Library, placed on a microcomputer, enables members of the University community to copy a package and evaluate it thoroughly before deciding to buy. A second, mainframe-based library, provides a “bulletin board” or online Microcomputer Software Exchange Library. Both libraries require maintenance and management programs. Legal considerations for maintaining the libraries are also discussed.
Laser Surface Processing of B <sub>4</sub> C–TiB <sub>2</sub> Eutectic (2008)

The formation of a directionally solidified non‐oxide eutectic surface layer based on the 75 mol% B 4 C and 25 mol% TiB 2 eutectic composition has been developed using a continuous‐wave, high‐power, CO 2 laser. To prevent the oxidation of nonoxide compounds and to reduce thermal stress formation, an atmospherically controlled furnace capable of back‐heating samples up to 1100°C during the laser processing has been employed. The effect of the laser scan rate on the eutectic microstructure formation is investigated. It is found that at relatively slow laser scan rates, ∼2–4 mm/s, the formation of a colony‐type eutectic microstructure with submicrometer scale features is observed. At higher heating rates up to 42 mm/s, disordered eutectic grains with nanometer‐scale TiB 2 lamellae form. The dependence of the TiB 2 interlamellar spacing on the crystallization rate in the laser solidified B 4 C–TiB 2 eutectic has the same general trend as in the eutectic produced by a floating zone method. However, this method allows the production of much smaller microstructural length scales, on the order of 100 nm, as a consequence of the high crystallization velocity.
Extracellular cysteine/cystine redox regulates the p44/p42 MAPK pathway by metalloproteinase-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor signaling (2005)

Previous research shows that stimulation of proliferation of colon carcinoma (Caco-2) cells by a more reduced extracellular cysteine/cystine (Cys/CySS) redox state occurs with no apparent effect on intracellular glutathione and that this stimulation is lost on addition of epidermal growth factor. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a more reduced extracellular Cys/CySS redox state activates the mitogenic p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and whether this is signaled through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Caco-2 cells were exposed to a range of physiological extracellular redox conditions from -150 to 0 mV. In the absence of added growth factors, the most reduced (-150 mV) redox state induced an 80% increase in EGFR phosphorylation, and this was followed by a marked increase in phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAPK. Inhibitors of EGFR (AG1478) and p44/p42 MAPK (U0126) phosphorylation blocked redox-dependent p44/p42 phosphorylation, indicating that signaling occurred by EGFR. These effects were inhibited by pretreatment with a nonpermeant alkylating agent, showing that signaling involved thiols accessible to the extracellular space. The EGFR ligand TGF-alpha was increased in culture medium at more reduced redox states. Redox-dependent phosphorylation of EGFR was completely prevented by a metalloproteinase inhibitor (GM6001), and an antibody to TGF-alpha partially inhibited the phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAPK by redox. Thus the data show that a redox-dependent activation of metalloproteinase can stimulate the mitogenic p44/p42 MAPK pathway by a TGF-alpha-dependent mechanism. Because Cys availability and Cys/CySS redox are dependent on nutrition, disease, and environmental exposures, the results suggest that cell proliferation could be influenced physiologically by Cys-dependent redox effects on growth factor signaling pathways.
A novel mechanism for <i>P</i> element homing in <i>Drosophila</i> (1999)

P element insertion is essentially random at the scale of the genome. However, P elements containing regulatory sequences from Drosophila engrailed and polyhomeotic genes and from the Bithorax and Antennapedia complexes show some insertional specificity by frequently inserting near the parent gene (homing) and/or near genes containing Polycomb group response elements (preferential insertion). This phenomenon is thought to be mediated by Polycomb group proteins. In this report, we describe a case of homing of P elements containing regulatory sequences of the linotte gene. This homing occurs with high frequency (up to 20% of the lines) and high precision (inserted into a region of <1 kilobase). We present evidence showing that it is not mediated by Polycomb group proteins but by a new, as yet unknown, mechanism. We also suggest that P element homing could be a more frequent phenomenon than generally assumed and that it could become a powerful tool of Drosophila reverse genetics, for which there is no other described gene targeting technique.
FLMP: a flexible license management protocol for digital rights management (2005)

Most existing license management schemes for DRM systems do not support the protection of user privacy; moreover, some other schemes such as PrecePt can only bind the license to a specified device though privacy protection is concerned. In this paper, we propose a flexible license management protocol named FLMP (Flexible License Management Protocol) which provides a more powerful and flexible license management scheme to satisfy the various requirements of users for privacy protection and use convenience.
A unifying definition of synchronization for dynamical systems (2000)

We propose a unifying definition for synchronization between stationary finite dimensional deterministic dynamical systems. By example, we show that the synchronization phenomena discussed in the dynamical systems literature fits within the framework of this definition, and discuss problems with previous definitions of synchronization. We conclude with a discussion of possible extensions of the definition to infinite dimensional systems described by partial differential equations and/or systems where noise is present. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.
Linear and Branched Glyco-Lipopeptide Vaccines Follow Distinct Cross-Presentation Pathways and Generate Different Magnitudes of Antitumor Immunity (2010)

These findings have important implications for the development of effective GLP based immunotherapeutic strategies against cancers.
Millimeter-Wave Radar for Rescue Helicopters (2006)

A collision avoidance and warning system for civil helicopters in Japan has been developed. A real-time warning method was applied using an image fused from a coloured video, an IR sensor data and mm-wave radar measurements. This paper focuses on the FM-CW mm-wave radar sensor and the associated antennas, working at 94 GHz. Flight tests were conducted in order to detect power lines. Thanks to two different antennas, power line response was measured in vertical and horizontal polarizations. Maximum detection ranges are of 800 and 600m respectively. This variation comes from the antenna gain difference. Radar resolution is limited by the allocated bandwidth at 94 GHz which is 200 MHz. Comparisons were conducted on the ground with an integrated FM-CW radar working at 77 GHz and achieving 500 MHz bandwidth
IDENTIFICATION, DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF OXYGENATED HYDROCARBON-BASED CO2-SOLUBLE POLYMERS FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS (2006)

Over the past two decades the use of near-/super-critical carbon dioxide has received much attention as a green alternative to organic solvents for chemical reactions, separations, and extractions because of its pressure-tunable physicochemical properties and economic advantages. However the advantages are diminished because of a relative narrow range of CO2-soluble materials. The goal of this work is to identify, design and synthesize oxygenated hydrocarbon-based CO2-soluble polymers that are able to serve as construction blocks for copolymers, dispersants, surfactants, thickeners, and chelating agents. Without concerning on the cost and the environmental persistence like fluorinated materials, the inexpensive, environmentally benign materials would significantly enhance the viability of near-/super-critical carbon dioxide-based technology. Based on both experimental heuristics and ab initio simulation results of molecular modeling (performed by Dr. Johnson's group), we proposed specific new polymer structures: poly(3-acetoxy oxetane) (PAO), poly(vinyl methoxymethyl ether) (PVMME), poly(vinyl 1-methoxyethyl ether) (PVMEE), and cellulose triacetate (CTA) oligomers. Phase behavior studies were also performed with novel CO2-philic compounds containing vinyl acetate, propylene glycol, or multiple tert-butyl groups. PAO, PVMME and PVMME were soluble in CO2, but not as soluble as poly(vinyl acetate). Oligomers of cellulose triacetate with as many as four repeat units solubilized into dense CO2 less than 14 MPa in the concentration range of 1-5 wt%. Phase behaviors of more than thirty compounds in dense CO2 were studied in this project. A new type of phase behavior for solid (at ambient temperature) CO2-philes that melt and dissolve in CO2 was detailed using a model binary mixture of β-D-maltose octaacetate and CO2. Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and vinyl acetate (VAc) exhibited lower miscibility pressures than either of the homopolymers, probably due to quadradentate binding configurations with CO2. Phase behavior investigation of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) monobutyl ether in CO2 demonstrated ether-CO2 interactions should receive as much attention as carbonyl-CO2 interactions when designing CO2-philic functional groups. 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene and tri-tert-butyl-phenol were both extraordinarily soluble in CO2, and are excellent candidates for CO2-soluble sand binders. In summary, although a new CO2 thickener was not identified, new non-fluorous CO2-soluble materials were identified that were, in general, acetate-rich with flexible chains, weak self-interactions, and multidentate interaction between CO2 and solute functional groups.
Wireless Cooperative Video Coding Using a Hybrid Digital–Analog Scheme (2014)

Wireless video broadcast/multicast and mobile video communication pose a challenge to the conventional video transmission strategy (which applies separate digital source coding and digital channel coding in a point-to-point communication system) and, therefore, cooperative communication has been proposed to improve the received quality of the receivers with bad channels and the robustness to fading (mobility). In this paper we propose a novel wireless cooperative video coding (WCVC) framework. Specifically, we present a cooperative joint source-channel coding scheme that is based on hybrid digital-analog coding and integrates the advantages of digital coding and analog coding. Compared with most state-of-the-art cooperative video delivery methods, no matter for cooperation scenario or noncooperation scenario, the proposed scheme can avoid the staircase effect and realize continuous quality scalability on condition that the channel quality is within the expected range, and it has strong adaptability to channel variation with higher coding efficiency and better fairness among all receivers. Therefore, it is very suitable for wireless cooperative/noncooperative video broadcast/multicast transmission and cooperative/noncooperative mobile video applications. The experimental results show that the proposed WCVC outperforms SoftCast (which is a new analog scheme) and SVC + hierarchical modulation (HM) (which combines H.264/SVC codec and HM technique) no matter the noncooperative scenario or for cooperative scenario, which verify the effectiveness of our proposed WCVC framework.
A New Mandatory Security Policy Combining Secrecy and Integrity (2000)

This paper describes a new mandatory security model that better combines secrecy and commercial data integrity requirements than previous models based on Bell and LaPadula and Biba. The new model solves many of the previously perceived drawbacks and limitations of the Biba model, and makes use of a modified-Biba lattice to incorporate into the model the operation of so-called trusted processes that in the past have always been viewed as annoying exceptions to the existing mandatory security models. It then applies this new model as a better approach to security of mobile code.