gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
$P^{2}$: Privacy-Preserving Communication and Precise Reward Architecture for V2G Networks in Smart Grid (2011)

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) networks are important components of the smart grid (SG) for their capability of providing better ancillary services and facilitating the adoption of renewable resources. The operation of the V2G networks is based on continuously monitoring the status of individual battery vehicle (BV) as well as a carefully designed incentive scheme to attract sufficient participating BVs. However, the close monitoring tends to raise privacy concerns from the BV owners about identity and location information leakage, which have not been considered in previous works. In this paper, we make the first attempt to identify the privacy-preserving issues and propose a precise reward scheme in V2G networks, both of which are important towards bringing the concept of V2G network into practice. In V2G networks, it is the service providers (individual BVs) who need privacy protection rather than the service consumer (power grid). This unique characteristic renders privacy protection solutions proposed for conventional network systems not directly applicable. To protect privacy of BVs in V2G networks, we present , a secure communication architecture which achieves privacy-preserving for both BVs' monitoring and rewarding processes. Extensive performance analysis shows that only incurs moderate communication and computational overheads.
Finding Similar Documents Using Different Clustering Techniques (2016)

Text clustering is an important application of data mining. It is concerned with grouping similar text documents together. In this paper, several models are built to cluster capstone project documents using three clustering techniques: k-means, k-means fast, and k-medoids. Our datatset is obtained from the library of the College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh. Three similarity measure are tested: cosine similarity, Jaccard similarity, and Correlation Coefficient. The quality of the obtained models is evaluated and compared. The results indicate that the best performance is achieved using k-means and k-medoids combined with cosine similarity. We observe variation in the quality of clustering based on the evaluation measure used. In addition, as the value of k increases, the quality of the resulting cluster improves. Finally, we reveal the categories of graduation projects offered in the Information Technology department for female students.
Ring-Expanding Reaction of Cyclopropyl Amides with Triphenylphosphine and Carbon Tetrahalide (2005)

We succeeded in activating cyclopropyl amides (monoactivated cyclopropane) through the corresponding imidoyl halides prepared in situ in the presence of 2 equiv of PPh3 and 1 equiv of CX4, and the ring-expanding products (N-substituted pyrrolidin-2-ones) were obtained in good yields. The reaction mechanism was investigated on the basis of oxygen-18 tracer experiment.
Treating hematological malignancies with cell therapy: where are we now? (2017)

ACT can promote cancer regression in patients with leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Nevertheless, more precise targeting of tumor cells and containment of side effects are needed. Overcoming tumor-associated immunosuppressive mechanisms and preventing tumor escape are also emerging as critical barriers. Finally, simplification in the manufacturing procedures should promote wider application of these technologies outside academic centers. Although the enthusiasm for ACT-based therapies is high, comprehensive and systematic clinical studies are required to advance the field.
Modulation of F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub>‐ATP synthase activity by cyclophilin D regulates matrix adenine nucleotide levels (2011)

Cyclophilin D was recently shown to bind to and decrease the activity of F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase in submitochondrial particles and permeabilized mitochondria [Giorgio V et al. (2009) J Biol Chem, 284, 33982-33988]. Cyclophilin D binding decreased both ATP synthesis and hydrolysis rates. In the present study, we reaffirm these findings by demonstrating that, in intact mouse liver mitochondria energized by ATP, the absence of cyclophilin D or the presence of cyclosporin A led to a decrease in the extent of uncoupler-induced depolarization. Accordingly, in substrate-energized mitochondria, an increase in F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase activity mediated by a relief of inhibition by cyclophilin D was evident in the form of slightly increased respiration rates during arsenolysis. However, the modulation of F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase by cyclophilin D did not increase the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT)-mediated ATP efflux rate in energized mitochondria or the ATP influx rate in de-energized mitochondria. The lack of an effect of cyclophilin D on the ANT-mediated adenine nucleotide exchange rate was attributed to the ∼ 2.2-fold lower flux control coefficient of the F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase than that of ANT, as deduced from measurements of adenine nucleotide flux rates in intact mitochondria. These findings were further supported by a recent kinetic model of the mitochondrial phosphorylation system, suggesting that an ∼ 30% change in F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase activity in fully energized or fully de-energized mitochondria affects the ADP-ATP exchange rate mediated by the ANT in the range 1.38-1.7%. We conclude that, in mitochondria exhibiting intact inner membranes, the absence of cyclophilin D or the inhibition of its binding to F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase by cyclosporin A will affect only matrix adenine nucleotides levels.
ABSCISIC ACID DRENCHES IMPROVE POSTPRODUCTION SHELF LIFE OF IMPATIENS (2006)

Foliar sprays or root dips of synthetic abscisic acid (s-ABA) have shown to reduce the transpiration rate and subsequently prolong postharvest longevity in a select group of herbaceous ornamental crops. The objective of our study was to determine the impact of s-ABA on postproduction performance of seed impatiens in greenhouse or low light conditions. Market ready Impatiens wallerana `Xtreme Scarlet' plants were sprayed or the root substrate was drenched with s-ABA at 250 or 500 mg·L –1 then boxed for 48 h to represent shipping conditions. Flower number was measured 3 days after application, and again after plants were hydrated following the day when the last treatment wilted 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 24 days after application. Visual quality ratings were made 0, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 16, or 19 days after application and again after plants were re-irrigated. Drenching the substrate with s-ABA at 500 mg·L –1 maintained foliage and flower turgidity up to 8 days in the greenhouse environment and 16 days in the low light environment. Substrate drenches at 500 mg·L –1 dramatically decreased flower number after removal from the shipping box under greenhouse conditions, and in the low light environment drenching the substrate at 250 mg·L –1 produced similar visual quality results to 500 mg·L –1 16 days after treatment. Plants drenched at 250 mg·L –1 also had the same number of flowers 3 and 20 days after treatment, when compared to 500 mg·L –1 . Therefore, impatiens growers should drench the root substrate with s-ABA at 250 mg·L –1 to reduce labor costs associated with hand-watering and prolong postproduction performance in low light conditions, such as indoor retail conditions.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as skeletal therapeutics–an update (2016)

Mesenchymal stem cells hold the promise to treat not only several congenital and acquired bone degenerative diseases but also to repair and regenerate morbid bone tissues. Utilizing MSCs, several lines of evidences advocate promising clinical outcomes in skeletal diseases and skeletal tissue repair/regeneration. In this context, both, autologous and allogeneic cell transfer options have been utilized. Studies suggest that MSCs are transplanted either alone by mixing with autogenous plasma/serum or by loading onto repair/induction supportive resorb-able scaffolds. Thus, this review is aimed at highlighting a wide range of pertinent clinical therapeutic options of MSCs in the treatment of skeletal diseases and skeletal tissue regeneration. Additionally, in skeletal disease and regenerative sections, only the early and more recent preclinical evidences are discussed followed by all the pertinent clinical studies. Moreover, germane post transplant therapeutic mechanisms afforded by MSCs have also been conversed. Nonetheless, assertive use of MSCs in the clinic for skeletal disorders and repair is far from a mature therapeutic option, therefore, posed challenges and future directions are also discussed. Importantly, for uniformity at all instances, term MSCs is used throughout the review.
The effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil on renal function and the course of early postoperative rejection episodes in cyclosporine-treated renal transplant recipients. (1992)

In a randomized prospective coconut oil (daily 6g[63% C8:0 and 36% C10:0] [EPA-] [n = 48])-controlled trial, we investigated the effect of a one-month dietary supplementation with daily 6 g fish oil (30% C20:5 omega-3 and 20% C22:6 omega-3 as their methyl esthers [EPA+] [n = 40]) on the incidence and course of early postoperative rejection in 88 first cadaveric, cyclosporine-treated renal transplant recipients. At one month there were no differences in renal function and incidence of rejection episodes. When analyzed separately for rejection (re+) or nonrejection (re-), the rejecting and fish oil-treated patients showed a significant better recovery of renal function after a histologically confirmed rejection episode, creatinine clearance being 43 ml/min/1.73m2 in the EPA+re+group versus 27 ml/min/1.73 m2 in the EPA-re+group (P less than 0.05), and serum creatinine being 183 and 283 mumol/l (P less than 0.05), respectively. The prerejection renal function and the decline of renal function during the rejection episode did not differ significantly between the EPA+re+ and the EPA-re+ groups. The nonrejecting fish oil-treated patients showed no better renal function than the nonrejecting coconut oil-treated patients. However, cyclosporine trough levels were significantly higher in the fish oil-treated group (EPA+re- 251 versus EPA-re- 200 ng/ml [P less than 0.05]). From these results we conclude that dietary supplements with fish oil favorably influence renal function in the recovery phase following a rejection episode in cyclosporine-treated renal transplant recipients. We further conclude that one month after grafting there is no difference in the incidence of rejection episodes between the fish- and coconut oil-treated patients. The same holds true for renal function in the absence of rejection, and for the decline in renal function during a rejection episode.
Second‐generation biofuels and local bioenergy systems (2008)

Abstract First‐generation biofuels, mainly from corn and other food‐based crops are being used as a direct substitute for fossil fuels in transport. However, they are available in limited volumes that do not make them serious replacements for petroleum. Second‐generation biofuels from forest and crop residues, energy crops and municipal and construction waste, will arguably reduce net carbon emission, increase energy effi ciency and reduce energy dependency, potentially overcoming the limitations of fi rst‐generation biofuels. Nevertheless, implementation of second‐generation biofuels technology will require a sustainable management of energy, or development of local bioenergy systems. This study aims at identifying second‐generation biofuel feedstock. It also provides information on the available technologies to produce second‐generation biofuels. Finally it discusses the development of local bioenergy systems vs sustainable use of second‐generation biofuels. Locally produced second‐generation biofuels will exploit local biomass to optimize their production and consumption. © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Transport of Nanoparticles through the Placental Barrier (2011)

Nanoparticles (NP) are organic or inorganic substances, the size of which ranges from 1 to 100 nm, and they possess specific properties which are different from those of the bulk materials in the macroscopic scale. In a recent decade, NP were widely applied in biomedicine as potential probes for imaging, drug-delivery systems and regenerative medicine. However, rapid development of nanotechnologies and their applications in clinical research have raised concerns about the adverse effects of NP on human health and environment. In the present review, special attention is paid to the fetal exposure to NP during the period of pregnancy. The ability to control the beneficial effects of NP and to avoid toxicity during treatment requires comprehensive knowledge about the distribution of NP in maternal body and possible penetration through the maternal-fetal barrier that might impair the embryogenesis. The initial in vivo and ex vivo studies imply that NP are able to cross the placental barrier, but the passage to the fetus depends on the size and the surface coating of NP as well as on the experimental model. The toxicity assays indicate that NP might induce adverse physiological effects and impede embryogenesis. The molecular transport mechanisms which are responsible for the transport of nanomaterials across the placental barrier are still poorly understood, and there is a high need for further studies in order to resolve the NP distribution patterns in the organism and to control the beneficial effects of NP applications during pregnancy without impeding the embryogenesis.
The syndrome distribution of m-bit error patterns and the analysis of ATM forward error correction codes (1995)

The error detection and correction capability of a linear block code is usually analyzed by its minimum distance and weight distribution function. A different analysis tool, the syndrome distribution of m-bit error patterns, is introduced in the paper. Additional detailed information about the capability of a code can be obtained from the syndrome distribution, e.g., undetected percentages, miscorrected percentages, as well as the weight distribution function. A fast algorithm is provided to compute the syndrome distribution vectors of m-bit error patterns for all m. The cyclic codes defined in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) for broadband ISDN are used as examples to show the strength of this new analysis tool. A rough, but simple, estimation of the undetected percentages is also introduced in the paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PharmGKB summary (2010)

Thorn, Caroline F.a; Marsh, Sharond; Carrillo, Michelle Whirla; McLeod, Howard L.c; Klein, Teri E.a; Altman, Russ B.a,b Author Information
Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) suppresses the tumourigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2007)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a global malignancy. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling axis plays a critical role in tumourigenesis. This study defined the clinical and functional roles of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) in HNSCC. Down-regulation of IGFBP-5 mRNA expression was found during the progression from pre-cancer to HNSCC. The down-regulation in HNSCC was associated with a higher propensity to nodal metastasis. SAS and OECM-1 are HNSCC cells that do, or do not, express IGFBP-5, respectively. Recombinant IGFBP-5 reduced the proliferation of OECM-1 cells and this was exerted mainly through blockade of the IGF pathways. Either IGFBP-5 or IGF-I treatment alone promoted OECM-1 migration, but a combination of treatments generated antagonistic effects. Overexpression of IGFBP-5 reduced the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of both OECM-1 and SAS cells. Conversely, knockdown of IGFBP-5 expression significantly induced the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of SAS cells. It also induced the growth of xenografted SAS tumours. SAS transfectants that expressed mutant or truncated IGFBP-5, which lack IGF binding activity, exhibited significantly lower anchorage-independent growth than vector control. This suggests that IGFBP-5 possesses an IGF-independent suppressor function. The suppressive effects of IGFBP-5 on the tumourigenesis of HNSCC might be invaluable to future neoplastic intervention.
Efficacy of Glycolic Acid Peels in the Treatment of Melasma (2002)

Use of 4% hydroquinone and a daily sunscreen is effective in the treatment of melasma; however, the addition of 4 glycolic acid peels did not enhance the hypopigmenting effect of hydroquinone treatment alone.
Accelerated antioxidant bioavailability of OPC‐3<sup>®</sup> bioflavonoids administered as isotonic solution (2009)

The degree of absorption of bioflavonoids, a diverse and complex group of plant derived phytonutrients, has been a frequent debate among scientists. Monomeric flavonoid species are known to be absorbed within 2 h. The kinetics of plasma reactive oxygen species, a reflection of bioactivity, of a commercial blend of flavonoids, OPC-3 was investigated. OPC-3 was selected to compare absorption of an isotonic flavonoid solution vs tablet form with the equivalent amount of fluid. In the case of isotonic OPC-3 the reactive oxygen species of the subject's plasma decreased significantly (p < 0.05), six times greater than OPC-3 tablets by 10 min post-consumption. After 20 min the isotonic formulation was approximately four times more bioavailable and after 40 min twice as bioavailable as the tablet, respectively. At time points 1 h and later, both isotonic and tablet formulations lowered oxidative stress, although the isotonic formulation values remained significantly better throughout the investigation period of 4 h. These findings point to a dramatically accelerated bioavailability of flavonoids delivered in an isotonic formulation.
Synthesis of Pyrimidinyl Triflates and Palladium-catalyzed Coupling with Organotion and Organozic Reagents (1994)

Pyrimidinyl triflates have been synthesized from pyrimidinones using triflic anhydride in the presence of triethylamine. The triflates, in the pyrimidine electrophilic positions, are versatile intermediates for substitution reactions. Carbon substituents are readily introduced in any position by Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions between pyrimidinyl triflates and aryl- or alkenyltin or with the corresponding organozinc reagents. Organozinc reagents are generally more reactive in coupling reaction and will effect the introduction of alkyl substituents
SHEA Draft Guidelines for Infection Control in Hospital Personnel (1997)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the 'Save PDF' action button.
MEASUREMENT OF FREE THYROXINE CONCENTRATION IN HUMAN SERUM* (1962)

In the present investigation the existence of "free" thyroxine in human serum was repeatedly verified by dialysis through cellophane, with paper chromatographic identification of thyroxine in the dialysate. Methods were developed for measurement of the minute amount of thyroxine present in the dialysate that was considered to represent the unbound or diffusible fraction of the hormone in serum.
Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals (2007)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the effectiveness of various interventions to improve the adoption of SDM by healthcare professionals. To address this objective, four comparisons are planned: 1.Single intervention specifically designed to improve the adoption of SDM by healthcare professionals in healthcare settings compared to no intervention. 2.Single intervention specifically designed to improve the adoption of SDM by healthcare professionals in healthcare settings compared to any other single intervention. 3.Multifaceted intervention specifically designed to improve the adoption of SDM by healthcare professionals in healthcare settings compared to no intervention. 4.Multifaceted intervention specifically designed to improve the adoption of SDM by healthcare professionals in healthcare settings compared to any other single intervention.
Einleitung (2001)

Was machen eigentlich Gruppendynamiker und Gruppendynamikerinnen, wenn sie das machen, was sie machen? Und wie verstehen sie das, was sie machen? Was sehen Gruppendynamikerinnen1, wenn sie sich mit einer Gruppe beschäftigen? Auf was achten sie besonders und von welchen Hintergrundannahmen lassen sie sich dabei leiten? Was meinen sie eigentlich damit, wenn sie von Gruppenprozess reden? Wie versuchen sie das, was sie sehen, sich und anderen verständlich zu machen?
Pseudohyperphosphataemia in Multiple Myeloma (1991)

Two cases of spurious hyperphosphataemia in patients with multiple myeloma are presented. An unreduced phosphomolybdate method without dialysis was used and the falsely raised values are shown to be due to the formation of a proteinaceous suspension in the reaction mixture. Such interference may be more prevalent than is generally recognized, and care should be taken to identify the problem in patients with myeloma.
Design of a Non-glycosylated Outer Domain-derived HIV-1 gp120 Immunogen That Binds to CD4 and Induces Neutralizing Antibodies (2010)

The outer domain (OD) of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 is an important target for vaccine design as it contains a number of conserved epitopes, including a large fraction of the CD4 binding site. Attempts to design OD-based immunogens in the past have met with little success. We report the design and characterization of an Escherichia coli-expressed OD-based immunogen (OD(EC)), based on the sequence of the HxBc2 strain. The OD(EC)-designed immunogen lacks the variable loops V1V2 and V3 and incorporates 11 designed mutations at the interface of the inner and the outer domains of gp120. Biophysical studies showed that OD(EC) is folded and protease-resistant, whereas OD(EC) lacking the designed mutations is highly aggregation-prone. In contrast to previously characterized OD constructs, OD(EC) bound CD4 and the broadly neutralizing antibody b12 but not the non-neutralizing antibodies b6 and F105. Upon immunization in rabbits, OD(EC) was highly immunogenic, and the sera showed measurable neutralization for four subtype B and one subtype C virus including two b12-resistant viruses. In contrast, sera from rabbits immunized with gp120 did not neutralize any of the viruses. OD(EC) is the first example of a gp120 fragment-based immunogen that yields significant neutralizing antibodies.
The role of position four in angiotensin II antagonism: a structure-activity study (1989)

A number of [Sar1,(pX)Phe4]-ANG II and [Sar1,(pX)Phe4,Ile8]-ANG II analogues were prepared. A good correlation between pX structure in [Sar1,(pX)Phe4]-ANG II and antagonist activity could not be found. However, the data suggest a general trend: Position 4 para substituents that are hydrophilic and capable of donating a hydrogen atom in a hydrogen bond promote agonist activity, while para substituents that are hydrophobic and incapable of donating a hydrogen atom promote antagonist activity. These properties were found to be optimal in the p-chloro substituent. The resulting analogue [Sar1,(pCl)Phe4]-ANG II is a potent ANG II antagonist in vivo. The pX substituents that promote antagonist activity in the [Sar1,(pX)Phe4]-ANG II series were unfavorable in [Sar1,(pX)Phe4,Ile8]-ANG II analogues. ANG II analogues that are antagonists by virtue of an alteration in position 8 require a position 4 agonist side chain. Concurrent modifications of positions 4 and 8 do not give rise to potent antagonists with reduced partial agonist activity.