gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fidelity of DNA polymerase I and the DNA polymerase I-DNA primase complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1989)

We have determined the fidelity of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase I (yPol I) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To determine whether subunits other than the polymerase catalytic subunit influence fidelity, we measured the accuracy of yPol I purified by conventional procedures, which yields DNA polymerase with a partially proteolyzed catalytic subunit and no associated primase activity, and that of yPol I purified by immunoaffinity chromatography, which yields polymerase having a single high-molecular-weight species of the catalytic subunit, as well as three additional polypeptides and DNA primase activity. In assays that score polymerase errors within the lacZ alpha-complementation gene in M13mp2 DNA, yPol I and the yPol I-primase complex produced single-base substitutions, single-base frameshifts, and larger deletions. For specific errors and template positions, the two forms of polymerase exhibited differences in fidelity that could be as large as 10-fold. Nevertheless, results for the overall error frequency and the spectrum of errors suggest that the yPol I-DNA primase complex is not highly accurate and that, just as for the polymerase alone, its fidelity is not sufficient to account for a low spontaneous mutation rate in vivo. The specificity data also suggest models to explain -1 base frameshifts in nonrepeated sequences and certain complex deletions by a direct repeat mechanism involving aberrant loop-back synthesis.
BAG, Urteil vom 4. 6. 2003 10 AZR 448/02, Zulässigkeit einer Klage nach Löschung der GmbH (2003)

Article BAG, Urteil vom 4. 6. 2003 10 AZR 448/02, Zulässigkeit einer Klage nach Löschung der GmbH was published on December 5, 2003 in the journal Deutsche Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Insolvenzrecht (volume 13, issue 12).
Direct Synthesis of an Iridabenzene from a Nucleophilic 3-Vinyl-1-cyclopropene (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTDirect Synthesis of an Iridabenzene from a Nucleophilic 3-Vinyl-1-cyclopropeneRobert D. Gilbertson, Timothy J. R. Weakley, and Michael M. HaleyView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 11, 2597–2598Publication Date (Web):March 9, 1999Publication History Received28 December 1998Published online9 March 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja984420ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja984420orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views591Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Ligands,Molecular structure,Rearrangement,Transition metals,Vinyl Get e-Alerts
The Healthcare Imperative (2010)

To explore the issues and opportunities central to lowering health-care expenditures in the United States, the IOM Roundtable on Value & Science-Driven Health Care convened the four-part series The Healthcare Imperative: Lowering Costs and Improving Outcomes in May, July, September, and December of 2009 at the National Academies in Washington, DC. These meetings were part of the Roundtable’s Learning Health System series. The series aimed to gather stakeholders in a trusted venue to engage the issues and concerns needed to facilitate the development of a health-care system that not only delivers best practices and adds value with each clinical encounter, but adds seamlessly to the knowledge base for health improvement. Motivated by the proposition noted above of reducing per capita health spending in the country by 10 percent within 10 years without compromising health status, quality of care, or innovation, the meeting objectives included: characterizing and discussing the major causes of excess healthcare spending, waste, and inefficiency in the United States; considering the strategies that might reduce per capita health spending in the United States while improving health outcomes; and exploring policy options relevant to those strategies.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-N-Benzyl-2-(2-methylphenyl)-6-phenyl-4-piperidone (2001)

Diastereoselective synthesis of trans-N-benzyl-2-(2-methylphenyl)-6-phenyl-4-piperidone (6a) was performed by cycloaddition of the aldimine (1c) with 2-silyloxy-1,3-butadiene in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate.The use of the p-trimethylsilyl substituent of the aromatic ring of the aldimine gave high diastereoselectivity of the product.[4+ 2] Type cycloaddition of aldimines with dienes is a powerful method for the construction of piperidone or piperidine derivatives which are contained in numerous alkaloids.1 Asymmetric cycloaddition of aldimines with dienes has received considerable attention, 2 however, many examples have been reportedon the cycloaddition with Danishefsky's diene which created one new chiral carbon center piperidones.3The difficulty to construct two new chiral carbons on the piperidones might lie in the diastereocontrol of the product, and the substituent at α-position of aldimine was quite limited.4 This paper reports the effective method for diastereoselective preparation of trans-2,6-diaryl-4-piperidones by [4+ 2] type cycloaddition of the aldimines having a trimethylsilyl substituent as a protecting group with 2-silyloxy-1,3-butadiene.Recently, we have reported [4+ 2] type cycloaddition of the aldimines with 2-silyloxy-1,3-butadienes, and
Three dimensional finite element calculations of an experimental quartz rotation sensor (2003)

A 3-D, finite-element (FE) study of an AT-cut quartz stripline resonator for use as a rotation sensor is presented. Modeling of all three dimensions is required to understand the coupling between the thickness-shear motion and thickness-length-type flexure and to consider geometric variations in the length direction. Experimental and predicted vibrational frequencies agree with less than 1% error. The relative strengths of electromechanical coupling also show good agreement with experiment. Thickness-shear motions in both transverse directions are well modeled. Because of the thin geometry, many high-order flexure modes must also be considered. the resulting 3-D spectrum is considerably richer in modes than the corresponding 2-D results. The model mesh is quite fine, requiring more than 65000 degrees of freedom. The high-order modes (the shear modes of interest are greater than the 100th mode in the spectrum) are carefully classified using a straightforward procedure that gives the effective piezoelectric coupling to specific electrode geometries. The FE method allows quick analysis of the influence of variations in geometric parameters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of polyrotaxane structure on polyion complexation with DNA (2004)

Aminoethylcarbamoyl-polyrotaxanes (AEC-α/E35-TYR-Zs) were synthesized as a novel cationic polymer for DNA complexation and characterized in terms of physicochemical properties of polyion complex. Here, AEC groups were introduced to hydroxyl groups of α-cyclodextrins (α-CDs) that are threaded onto a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain capped with bulky end-groups (polyrotaxane). We examined the ability of DNA complexation of the AEC-α/E35-TYR-Zs compared with polyethylenimine (PEI). Agarose gel shift assay and ethydium bromide (EB) displacement analysis showed that the number of threading α-CDs was one of the dominant factors to enhance the ability of DNA complexation. In addition, increasing the number of AEC groups in the AEC-α/E35-TYR-Zs led to tighter complexation.
Photosensitive dry film solder mask (1975)

The new photopolymer solder mask described here combines the properties of photographic selectivity, mechanical strength, and ease of reproducible application. It provides improved circuit protection during soldering operations and subsequent handling. The new solder mask offers substantial cost and performance advantages over screened masks to designers, printed wiring board fabricators, component assemblers, and end users.
Biological Effects of Microwaves in Acupuncture (1989)

Microwave acupuncture is a very interesting field of investigation. The biological effects of microwaves offer general interesting developments, and microwave acupuncture more specifically is rather intriguing, being in the border area of three fields : microwaves, acupuncture, and neurophysiology. The paper will describe the microwave equipment which delivers a set of spectral lines extending from 0.2 to 3.0 GHz, with a maximum power of a few watts. Antalgic effects have been measured in experiments on rabbits. Essentially three methods are compared : absorption of Fentanyl (painkiller), acupuncture effects amplified by electric discharges, and microwave acupuncture.
Novel 5′ Untranslated Region Directed Blockers of Iron-Regulatory Protein-1 Dependent Amyloid Precursor Protein Translation: Implications for Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease (2013)

We reported that iron influx drives the translational expression of the neuronal amyloid precursor protein (APP), which has a role in iron efflux. This is via a classic release of repressor interaction of APP mRNA with iron-regulatory protein-1 (IRP1) whereas IRP2 controls the mRNAs encoding the L- and H-subunits of the iron storage protein, ferritin. Here, we identified thirteen potent APP translation blockers that acted selectively towards the uniquely configured iron-responsive element (IRE) RNA stem loop in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of APP mRNA. These agents were 10-fold less inhibitory of 5'UTR sequences of the related prion protein (PrP) mRNA. Western blotting confirmed that the 'ninth' small molecule in the series selectively reduced neural APP production in SH-SY5Y cells at picomolar concentrations without affecting viability or the expression of α-synuclein and ferritin. APP blocker-9 (JTR-009), a benzimidazole, reduced the production of toxic Aβ in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells to a greater extent than other well tolerated APP 5'UTR-directed translation blockers, including posiphen, that were shown to limit amyloid burden in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). RNA binding assays demonstrated that JTR-009 operated by preventing IRP1 from binding to the IRE in APP mRNA, while maintaining IRP1 interaction with the H-ferritin IRE RNA stem loop. Thus, JTR-009 constitutively repressed translation driven by APP 5'UTR sequences. Calcein staining showed that JTR-009 did not indirectly change iron uptake in neuronal cells suggesting a direct interaction with the APP 5'UTR. These studies provide key data to develop small molecules that selectively reduce neural APP and Aβ production at 10-fold lower concentrations than related previously characterized translation blockers. Our data evidenced a novel therapeutic strategy of potential impact for people with trisomy of the APP gene on chromosome 21, which is a phenotype long associated with Down syndrome (DS) that can also cause familial Alzheimer's disease.
Commissioning. Meet the new power in primary care. (2004)

Practices and PCTs will need to negotiate a variety of options when implementing practice-led commissioning. Available options include how much power is devolved to practices, what services they will be commissioning and the incentives on offer. Practices must be regulated by PCTs. Their decisions should also be made in line with the broad strategic aims of their PCTs.
Cardioplegia Solutions (1991)

The mechanism of action, characteristics and components, dosage and administration, and adverse effects of cardioplegia solution are described. The pharmacist's role in the formulation, preparation, and quality control of cardioplegia solution is also discussed. The use of cardioplegia solution has substantially increased the safety of cardiac surgery. It protects the myocardium by inducing a rapid and complete diastolic arrest, minimizing myocardial energy requirements and preventing ischemic damage during the arrest phase, and minimizing or preventing reperfusion injury once coronary blood flow is restored. Chemical components added to the cardioplegia solution, such as potassium and glucose, are largely responsible for this protective effect. Basic characteristics of cardioplegia solutions include temperature, osmolarity, and pH. Crystalloid solution has traditionally been used as a vehicle for cardioplegia solution; however, laboratory and clinical studies have demonstrated favorable effects of blood-based cardioplegia solution. Single-pass and recirculating delivery systems can be used to administer either crystalloid or blood cardioplegia solutions. Pharmacists can play a major role in the formulation, preparation, distribution, and quality control of cardioplegia solutions; these solutions prevent myocardial injury during the arrest and reperfusion phases of cardiac surgery.
A 300-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu\text{W}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> Audio <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta\Sigma$</tex-math> </inline-formula> Modulator With 100.5-dB DR Using Dynamic Bias Inverter (2016)

This paper presents a micropower audio delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator for mobile applications. This work employs power-efficient integrators based on the dynamic bias inverter, which consists of a cascode inverter, a floating current source and two offset-storage capacitors. The quiescent current of the inverter is copied from the floating current via offset-storage capacitors and the speed limitation caused by the cascode transistors in the inverter is resolved by using active parasitic compensation. This maximizes both gm/ID ratio and slew rate of the inverter-based integrator, while compensating process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique, a single-bit third-order ΔΣ modulator is implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The prototype modulator achieves 97.7 dB SNDR, 98.6 dB SNR, and 100.5 dB DR in a 20-kHz signal bandwidth, while consuming only 300-μW from a 1.8 V supply. This corresponds to a state-of-the-art Schreier's FoM of 178.7 dB. The results are fully verified under variable supplies and temperatures.
US Securities and Exchange Commission amends dollar threshold tests under qualified client standard, requires exclusion of net equity in primary residence (2012)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the SEC's new dollar threshold tests under the qualified client standard. Design/methodology/approach The paper explains the amendments to the dollar thresholds, which provide for inflation adjustments to the assets under management and net worth tests every five years; the exclusion of net equity in the primary residence from the net worth calculation; and certain transitional provisions designed to allow investment advisers and their clients to maintain performance fee arrangements that existed when they entered into advisory contracts. Findings The paper finds that these increased dollar thresholds codify the increased thresholds that the Commission issued in its July 12, 2011 order as required by the Dodd‐Frank Act. Originality/value The paper provides practical guidance from an experienced financial services lawyer.
Relationship between structure and properties of aluminium alloys used for construction of aircraft. (1998)

Relationship between structure and properties of aluminium alloys used for construction of aircraft.
Relationship Between <i>ERCC1</i> Polymorphisms, Disease Progression, and Survival in the Gynecologic Oncology Group Phase III Trial of Intraperitoneal Versus Intravenous Cisplatin and Paclitaxel for Stage III Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2008)

Although the ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism does not seem to be associated with clinical outcome, the C8092A polymorphism was an independent predictor of PFS and OS in women with optimally resected EOC.
Indian India (1946)

Journal Article Indian India Get access Indian India. (Vol. I. No. I.) By Directorate of Chamber of Princes. Foreword by Hamidulla, Nawab, Ruler of Bhopal. 1945. (New Delhi: Chamber of Princes. 11″ × 8″. 31 pp. Illus. Rs. 3.) R. F. R. F. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 22, Issue 3, July 1946, Page 457, https://doi.org/10.2307/3017106 Published: 01 July 1946
Matrix in signal transduction and growth factor modulation. (1994)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is indispensable for the survival of multicellular organisms. It provides the adherent cells with crucial clues for migration, proliferation and differentiation. These clues are transmitted to the interior of the cell by ECM receptors like the integrins. Signaling by the ECM occurs by induction of assembly and disassembly of cytoskeletal structures or by modulation of classical signal transduction pathways such as activation of phosphatidylinositol-proteases, growth factors and cytokines that are specifically bound to its constituents and thereby stored, localized and modulated in terms of their biological activities. Finally, both the quantity and the quality of growth factor signaling appear to be dependent on the temporal and spatial activation of ECM receptors, supporting the requirement of a crosstalk between matrix and growth factor receptors.
Bacterial catabolism of threonine. Threonine degradation initiated by <scp>l</scp>-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (aldolase) in species of <i>Pseudomonas</i> (1977)

1. The route of l-threonine degradation was studied in four strains of the genus Pseudomonas able to grow on the amino acid and selected because of their high l-threonine aldolase activity. Growth and manometric results were consistent with the cleavage of l-threonine to acetaldehyde+glycine and their metabolism via acetate and serine respectively. 2. l-Threonine aldolases in these bacteria exhibited pH optima in the range 8.0–8.7 and Km values for the substrate of 5–10mm. Extracts exhibited comparable allo-l-threonine aldolase activities, Km values for this substrate being 14.5–38.5mm depending on the bacterium. Both activities were essentially constitutive. Similar activity ratios in extracts, independent of growth conditions, suggested a single enzyme. The isolate Pseudomonas D2 (N.C.I.B. 11097) represents the best source of the enzyme known. 3. Extracts of all the l-threonine-grown pseudomonads also possessed a CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase, the synthesis of which was induced, and a reversible alcohol dehydrogenase. The high acetaldehyde reductase activity of most extracts possibly resulted in the underestimation of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. 4. l-Serine dehydratase formation was induced by growth on l-threonine or acetate+glycine. Constitutively synthesized l-serine hydroxymethyltransferase was detected in extracts of Pseudomonas strains D2 and F10. The enzyme could not be detected in strains A1 and N3, probably because of a highly active ‘formaldehyde-utilizing’ system. 5. Ion-exchange and molecular exclusion chromatography supported other evidence that l-threonine aldolase and allo-l-threonine aldolase activities were catalysed by the same enzyme but that l-serine hydroxymethyltransferase was distinct and different. These results contrast with the specificities of some analogous enzymes of mammalian origin.
LAMELLAR EUTECTIC InSb + Sb FILMS AS INFRARED POLARIZERS (1969)

Lamellar eutectic InSb + Sb films were grown by electron beam microzone crystallization. The Sb lamellae within the InSb matrix constitute a grating which acts as an infrared polarizer beyond the InSb absorption edge. The spectral dispersion of the transmittance of such polarizers between 2 and 20 μm in wavelength with the electric vector of the incident radiation oriented parallel and perpendicular to the axes of the lamellae is qualitatively consistent with theoretical expectations.
Link Between GIP and Osteopontin in Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance (2013)

Low-grade inflammation in obesity is associated with accumulation of the macrophage-derived cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in adipose tissue and induction of local as well as systemic insulin resistance. Since glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a strong stimulator of adipogenesis and may play a role in the development of obesity, we explored whether GIP directly would stimulate OPN expression in adipose tissue and thereby induce insulin resistance. GIP stimulated OPN protein expression in a dose-dependent fashion in rat primary adipocytes. The level of OPN mRNA was higher in adipose tissue of obese individuals (0.13 ± 0.04 vs. 0.04 ± 0.01, P < 0.05) and correlated inversely with measures of insulin sensitivity (r = -0.24, P = 0.001). A common variant of the GIP receptor (GIPR) (rs10423928) gene was associated with a lower amount of the exon 9-containing isoform required for transmembrane activity. Carriers of the A allele with a reduced receptor function showed lower adipose tissue OPN mRNA levels and better insulin sensitivity. Together, these data suggest a role for GIP not only as an incretin hormone but also as a trigger of inflammation and insulin resistance in adipose tissue. Carriers of the GIPR rs10423928 A allele showed protective properties via reduced GIP effects. Identification of this unprecedented link between GIP and OPN in adipose tissue might open new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
In situ vocal fold properties and pitch prediction by dynamic actuation of the songbird syrinx (2017)

The biomechanics of sound production forms an integral part of the neuromechanical control loop of avian vocal motor control. However, we critically lack quantification of basic biomechanical parameters describing the vocal organ, the syrinx, such as material properties of syringeal elements, forces and torques exerted on, and motion of the syringeal skeleton during song. Here, we present a novel marker-based 3D stereoscopic imaging technique to reconstruct 3D motion of servo-controlled actuation of syringeal muscle insertions sites in vitro and focus on two muscles controlling sound pitch. We furthermore combine kinematic analysis with force measurements to quantify elastic properties of sound producing medial labia (ML). The elastic modulus of the zebra finch ML is 18 kPa at 5% strain, which is comparable to elastic moduli of mammalian vocal folds. Additionally ML lengthening due to musculus syringealis ventralis (VS) shortening is intrinsically constraint at maximally 12% strain. Using these values we predict sound pitch to range from 350-800 Hz by VS modulation, corresponding well to previous observations. The presented methodology allows for quantification of syringeal skeleton motion and forces, acoustic effects of muscle recruitment, and calibration of computational birdsong models, enabling experimental access to the entire neuromechanical control loop of vocal motor control.