gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Clinico-pathological collations in borreliosis]. (2006)

Borreliosis is an infectious disease caused by spirochetal microorganisms Borrelia burgdorferi transmitted by ticks. Due to versatile clinical symptomatology and many pathogenetic aspects not explained yet, diagnosis of this disease is often very difficult. Borreliosis may affect various human organs and systems such as movement system, nervous system (central and peripheral), skin, heart and vessels. One of the diagnostic methods for detection of microbial organisms in tissues is the histochemical staining by Warthin-Starry. Very important problem connected with this illness is the relationship between borrelial antigens and autoimmunity.
Assessing the energy and financial viability of heated pavement systems for airports (2015)

Ice and snow impacts on transportation infrastructure systems add significant costs to the American economy in the form of snow removal, damaged pavement and lost productivity due to travel delays. Due to environmental and logistics concerns associated with traditional pavement deicing strategies, the use of heated pavement systems (HPS) at airports are continually gaining attention as a desirable alternative. The main objective of this research was to examine the financial viability of installing HPS at aprons and ramps for different categories of airports. The apron is the busiest part of the airport where vehicles and airplanes share the same space. Snow removal operations are challenging and time consuming for the ground staff involved as they are exposed to rough weather. In addition, due to immense activity and asymmetric (skewed) geometric designs, small sized snow removal equipment (SRE) is used in aprons. These factors together contribute to delays. In order to study the feasibility of HPS, two economic analysis techniques, the Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) were employed. The required data for economic analysis were collected through airport site visits, email surveys, government websites (Bureau of Transportation Statistics and Bureau of Labor Statistics), reports, etc. The costs incurred due to melting snow by hydronic heated pavements and its potential benefits were calculated and compared with the operating costs of conventional snow removal methods under specific case scenarios. Due to the inherent uncertain nature of weather-related delays, an in-depth sensitivity analysis (SA) was carried out to represent contrasting scenarios. It was found that HPS, despite the high installation costs, may be economically viable at commercial airports. The feasibility depends on the size of the airport in terms of operations and area of installation. As the heated pavement technology continues to evolve with time,
Notes on <i>Tolypocladium</i> and related genera (1983)

The hyphomycete genus Tolypocladium W. Gams is compared with similar genera possessing swollen phialides and amerosporous conidia borne in slimy heads. Tolypocladium niveum (O. Rostrup) comb. nov. is proposed as the correct name for the type species. Cephalosporium balanoides Dreschler and Verticillium microsporum Jaap are redisposed in Tolypocladium, and two new species of Tolypocladium are described from tundra soils.
Scalable and Fault Tolerant Monitoring of Security Parameters in the Cloud (2015)

Monitoring cloud resources is an essential part of cloud computing, and although some effort has been made in this direction, monitoring security parameters is still an open issue because of the large number and types of resources available in a multi tenant environment. In this paper we propose a distributed monitoring system that is able to monitor, filter and store security parameters of network hosts. The proposed system is decentralized, fault tolerant and can run scanning jobs in parallel, those three characteristics making it a perfect candidate for monitoring resources in a cloud environment. The proposed monitoring system was validated by a series of tests that demonstrated it's scalability. All the empirical results were analysed and conclusions were formulated based on the observed properties.
Ionic Selectivity of Single Nanochannels (2008)

There has been an increasing interest in single nanochannel ionic devices, such as ionic filters that control the type of transported ions and ionic diodes that rectify the ionic flow. In this article, we theoretically investigate the importance of the dimensions, surface charge, electrolyte concentration, and applied bias on nanopore performance. We compare numerical solutions of the Poisson, Nernst-Planck (PNP), and Navier-Stokes (NS) equations with their one-dimensional, analytical approximations. We show that by decreasing the length of the nanopore, the ionic current and ionic selectivity become affected by processes outside the nanochannel. The contribution of electroosmosis is noticeable, especially for highly charged nanochannels, but is insignificant, justifying the use of the simple one-dimensional approximation in many cases. Estimates for the critical electric field at which the nanopore selectivity decreases and the ion current starts to saturate are provided.
Sniff Nasal Inspiratory Pressure. A Noninvasive Assessment of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (1994)

The measurement of esophageal pressure during maximal sniffs (sniff Pes) has been shown useful to assess inspiratory muscle strength. The aim of this study was to validate a noninvasive method for estimating sniff Pes. The sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) was measured through a plug occluding one nostril during sniffs performed through the contralateral nostril. Sniff Pes was simultaneously measured with an esophageal balloon. Ten normal subjects performed 338 sniffs of variable intensity. The correlation coefficient of SNIP and sniff Pes was 0.99 +/- 0.01 (p < 0.001). The ratio SNIP/sniff Pes was 0.91 (range, 0.82 to 0.99) and the mean difference between the two measures (SNIP - sniff Pes) was -4.56 cm H2O (-1.2 to -8.6 cm H2O). Twelve patients with neuromuscular or skeletal disorders performed 181 maximal sniffs. The correlation coefficient of SNIP and sniff Pes was 0.96 +/- 0.04 (p < 0.001). The ratio SNIP/sniff Pes was 0.93 (0.77 to 1.07) and the mean difference (SNIP - sniff Pes) was -4.66 cm H2O (+0.47 to -14.26 cm H2O). Nasal mucosal congestion was induced by nebulization of increasing doses of histamine in four normal subjects. The ratio SNIP/sniff Pes was 0.93 (0.72 to 1.02) when nasal peak flow was > 100 L/min, and 0.49 (0.36 to 0.57 L/min) when nasal peak flow fell below 100 L/min. We conclude that SNIP provides a reliable and noninvasive estimation of sniff Pes in normal subjects and in patients with neuromuscular or skeletal disorders. The validity of this method may by impaired by severe nasal congestion.
Harvesting Domain Specific Ontologies from Text (2014)

Ontologies are a vital component of most knowledge-based applications, including semantic web search, intelligent information integration, and natural language processing. In particular, we need effective tools for generating in-depth ontologies that achieve comprehensive converge of specific application domains of interest, while minimizing the time and cost of this process. Therefore we cannot rely on the manual or highly supervised approaches often used in the past, since they do not scale well. We instead propose a new approach that automatically generates domain-specific ontologies from a small corpus of documents using deep NLP-based text-mining. Starting from an initial small seed of domain concepts, our Onto Harvester system iteratively extracts ontological relations connecting existing concepts to other terms in the text, and adds strongly connected terms to the current ontology. As a result, Onto Harvester (i) remains focused on the application domain, (ii) is resistant to noise, and (iii) generates very comprehensive ontologies from modest-size document corpora. In fact, starting from a small seed, Onto Harvester produces ontologies that outperform both manually generated ontologies and ontologies generated by current techniques, even those that require very large well-focused data sets.
Syntheses of Polymethacryloyl-D-glucose and Polymethacryloyl-L-sorbose (1962)

ジイソプロピリデン・グルコース,あるいはジイソプロピリデン・ソルボースにメタクリル酸クロリドを反応してそれぞれのメタクリル酸エステルを合成した。得られた無色シロップ状の生成物の比旋光度はそれぞれ-28.8℃,-8.6℃であった。メタクリル酸ジイソプロピリデン・グルコースをAIBNを触媒として種々の条件で重合させると,[η]=0.59～1.12の範囲で[α]19D=-47.4～-48.4°のほぼ一定値を得た。メタクリル酸ジイソプロピリデン・ソルボースよりは,[η]=0.25,[α]19D=-84.5°のポリマーを得た。これらを酸加水分解することにより,水溶性でかつ還元力を有するポリメタクリル酸グルコース(PMG),ポリメタクリル酸ソルボースを得る。PMGはフェニルヒドラジンにより不溶性の黄色ポリマーとなり,また過ヨウ素酸で酸化すると水に不溶のポリマーとなる。
The antitumor activity of an anti-CD22 immunotoxin in SCID mice with disseminated Daudi lymphoma is enhanced by either an anti-CD19 antibody or an anti-CD19 immunotoxin (1992)

The antitumor activities of immunotoxins (ITs) constructed with deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgA) and either anti-CD19 (HD37) or anti-CD22 (RFB4) monoclonal antibodies were compared in SCID mice with disseminated human Daudi lymphoma (SCID/Daudi). As reported previously, after intravenous injection with Daudi cells, SCID mice develop disseminated lymphoma, which infiltrates the vertebral column and causes paralysis of the hind legs before death. The mean paralysis time (MPT) has been taken as an end point in this tumor model. We have previously reported that early treatment of SCID/Daudi mice with RFB4 coupled to dgA prolongs the MPT in a manner consistent with the killing of 4 logs of tumor cells. In the present study, we show that HD37-dgA kills 2 logs of tumor cells. The lower potency of the HD37-dgA is consistent with its lower IC50 on Daudi cells in vitro. We further show that the antitumor activity of a mixture of HD37-dgA and RFB4-dgA is significantly enhanced in SCID/Daudi mice and is consistent with the killing in excess of 5 logs of tumor cells. However, identical enhancement was observed when a mixture of the RFB4-dgA and the HD37 antibody was administered. In contrast, enhancement was not observed when mice were injected with a mixture of the RFB4 antibody and the HD37-dgA. The results indicate that a "cocktail" of HD37 antibody and RFB4-dgA immunotoxin can have significant antitumor activity in this mouse model of lymphoma and suggest that combinations of particular antibodies and ITs may have cooperative antitumor activity.
Spatially-Directed Oxidation of Gold Nanoparticles by Au(III)−CTAB Complexes (2005)

Gold nanoparticles are readily oxidized by Au(III) in the presence of cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Oxidation occurs preferentially at surface sites with higher curvature. Conversely, oxidation with cyanide ions in the absence of CTAB leads to uniform oxidation over the whole surface. Examples of the spatially directed oxidation are provided using large, irregular spheres, nanocubes, and nanorods. We conclude that the mechanism of oxidation depends on whether the oxidant is attached to CTAB micelles. It is postulated that the CTAB micelles approach the nanoparticles preferentially at the tips, leading to spatially directed oxidation.
SAHA overcomes FLIP-mediated inhibition of SMAC mimetic-induced apoptosis in mesothelioma (2013)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly pro-inflammatory malignancy that is rapidly fatal and increasing in incidence. Cytokine signaling within the pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment makes a critical contribution to the development of MPM and its resistance to conventional chemotherapy approaches. SMAC mimetic compounds (SMCs) are a promising class of anticancer drug that are dependent on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) signaling for their activity. As circulating TNFα expression is significantly elevated in MPM patients, we examined the sensitivity of MPM cell line models to SMCs. Surprisingly, all MPM cell lines assessed were highly resistant to SMCs either alone or when incubated in the presence of clinically relevant levels of TNFα. Further analyses revealed that MPM cells were sensitized to SMC-induced apoptosis by siRNA-mediated downregulation of the caspase 8 inhibitor FLIP, an antiapoptotic protein overexpressed in several cancer types including MPM. We have previously reported that FLIP expression is potently downregulated in MPM cells in response to the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Vorinostat (SAHA). In this study, we demonstrate that SAHA sensitizes MPM cells to SMCs in a manner dependent on its ability to downregulate FLIP. Although treatment with SMC in the presence of TNFα promoted interaction between caspase 8 and the necrosis-promoting RIPK1, the cell death induced by combined treatment with SAHA and SMC was apoptotic and mediated by caspase 8. These results indicate that FLIP is a major inhibitor of SMC-mediated apoptosis in MPM, but that this inhibition can be overcome by the HDACi SAHA.
The system development of unmanned vehicle for the teleoperated system interfaced with driving simulator (2002)

The integration of a driving simulator and an unmanned vehicle by means of a performance concept is suggested. Autonomous navigation is one of the most difficult research topics, having constraints on mobility and speed, and lack of environmental information. However, many innovations on the vehicle provide the appropriate automatic control in vehicle subsystem for reducing human error. The master system has a host computer and simulator and the slave system is electronic vehicle system. The slave vehicle system consists of three parts. First, laser sensor system for keeping the front sensory system and ultrasonic sensor system for escaping collision at the side. Second, acceleration system and brake control system for longitudinal motion control. Third, steering control system for lateral motion control. In this research, mechanical and electronic parts are implemented to operate unmanned vehicle as a whole-integrated system. Driving simulator has a 6 degree-of-freedom motion-base and 3-channel fixed-based simulator. They are fully interactive, highly realistic and, based on personal computer, can be updated easily. Driving simulator is constituted by a vision system, a sound system, the system for control force loading and the 6-axis Stewart platform for motion base. This paper focuses on the integration of remote controlled unmanned vehicle and driving simulator. The vehicle mainly controlled lateral direction and longitudinal direction with actuators for controlling vehicle movement and sensors for closed-loop system.
Serum Electrolyte and Acid Base Composition (1979)

Data from 41 ambulatory patients with graded degrees of uncomplicated, chronic renal failure were used to define the quantitative relationship between serum acid-base and electrolyte composition and the serum creatinine level. Even in patients with only moderate renal insufficiency, serum total carbon dioxide (tCO2) content was reduced significantly. This early fall in tCO2 was offset by an increase in serum chloride (Cl-), serum undetermined anton concentration (A-) remaining normal. In patients with more severe degrees of renal insufficiency, further decrements in tCO2 occurred that were proportional to the increment in serum creatinine. These latter decrements in tCO2 were associated with equivalent increments in A-, serum Cl- remaining unchanged at the elevated level observed during moderate renal insufficiency. Confidence limits of 95% for tCO2 and A- were calculated from the data.
Intermittent Coronary Occlusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction (1987)

We performed continuous electrocardiographic ST-segment monitoring and serial coronary arteriography in 45 consecutive patients presenting in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction. During cardiac catheterization, 28 episodes of arteriographically confirmed coronary reopening and subsequent reocclusion were observed in 16 patients before (3 episodes) and during (25 episodes) continuous intracoronary infusion of streptokinase. In addition, ST-segment monitoring demonstrated 12 episodes of spontaneous transient return of the ST segment to the base line in eight patients between the time of admission and the performance of coronary arteriography. During arteriographically documented reocclusion, intracoronary isosorbide dinitrate (2 mg) reestablished the patency of the coronary artery within one to two minutes in 14 of 28 episodes that occurred in 11 of 16 patients. After streptokinase infusion, intracoronary administration of isosorbide dinitrate was followed by dilatation of the infarct-related stenosis from a mean value (+/- SD) of 1.12 +/- 0.3 mm (58.1 +/- 12.1 percent) to 1.33 +/- 0.4 mm (51.6 +/- 12.9 percent; P = 0.004). Spontaneous intermittent coronary recanalization and reocclusion resulting from a variable combination of thrombosis and vasoconstriction are frequent during the early phase of acute myocardial infarction. We propose that the combination of intracoronary streptokinase and isosorbide dinitrate may increase the rate of stable coronary recanalization.
Flooding for reliable multicast in multi-hop ad hoc networks (1999)

Ad HOC Networks are gaining popu1arit.y as a result of advances in smaller, more versatile and powerful mobile comput,ing devices. The dist,inguishing feat,ure of these networks is the universal mobility of all host.s. This requires re-engineering of basic nebwork services including reliable multicast, communication.
Evidence for Two-Band Superconductivity from Break-Junction Tunneling on<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>MgB</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2002)

Superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions have been fabricated on MgB2 that display Josephson and quasiparticle currents. These junctions exhibit a gap magnitude, Delta approximately 2.5 meV, that is considerably smaller than the BCS value, but which clearly and reproducibly closes near the bulk T(c). In conjunction with fits of the conductance spectra, these results are interpreted as direct evidence of two-band superconductivity.
Complete Genome Sequence of <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> SC2, a Strain of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity (2010)

Paenibacillus polymyxa SC2 is an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR). Here, we report the complete genome sequence of P. polymyxa SC2. Multiple sets of functional genes have been found in the genome. As far as we know, this is the first complete genome sequence of Paenibacillus polymyxa.
Glutamate Antagonist Therapy Reduces Neurologic Deficits Produced by Focal Central Nervous System Ischemia (1988)

Ischemia may increase synaptic concentrations of glutamate, which may cause neuronal damage. Drugs that antagonize glutamate's effects may reduce this type of damage. MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist that readily enters the central nervous system, was evaluated in two focal central nervous system ischemia models: a multiple cerebral embolic model and a rabbit spinal cord ischemia model. When animals were treated five minutes after the onset of injury, MK-801 was effective in reducing ischemic damage in both models. In the multiple cerebral embolic model, the average dose of microspheres trapped in the brain increased from 344.8 +/- 51.4 micrograms (n = 29) in controls to 534 +/- 41.4 micrograms (n = 17) in the MK-801-treated group. Similarly, in the rabbit spinal cord ischemia model, the average ischemia duration increased from 28.9 +/- 1.7 minutes (n = 52) in controls to 50.6 +/- 3.9 minutes (n = 12) in the MK-801-treated group. These results suggest that this glutamate antagonist should be useful for the treatment of stroke.
Unacylated Ghrelin Promotes Skeletal Muscle Regeneration Following Hindlimb Ischemia via SOD‐2–Mediated miR‐221/222 Expression (2013)

These results indicate that UnAG-induced skeletal muscle regeneration after ischemia depends on SOD-2-induced miR-221/222 expression and highlight its clinical potential for the treatment of reactive oxygen species-mediated skeletal muscle damage.
Hierarchical Spatial Sum–Product Networks for Action Recognition in Still Images (2016)

Recognizing actions from still images has been popularly studied recently. In this paper, we model an action class as a flexible number of spatial configurations of body parts by proposing a new spatial sum–product network (SPN). First, we discover a set of parts in image collections via unsupervised learning. Then, our new spatial SPN is applied to model the spatial relationship and also the high-order correlations of parts. To learn robust networks, we further develop a hierarchical spatial SPN method, which models pairwise spatial relationship between parts inside subimages and models the correlation of subimages via extra layers of SPN. Our method is shown to be effective on two benchmark data sets.
Swift/XRT follow-up observation on IGR J17177-3656 at soft X-rays (2011)

Authors: - S. Zhang, Y. P. Chen, J. Li, J. M. Wang, S. N. Zhang, D. F. Torres, D. Hadasch, N. Rea, C. Sanchez-Fernandez, E. Kuulkers, M. Cadolle Bel, P. Kretschmar, C. Ferrigno, E. Bozzo, I. Caballero, J. Rodriguez, V. Beckmann, P. Jonker, L. Kuiper, Katja Pottschmidt, S. Migliari, F. Capitanio, L. Natalucci, M. Del Santo, K. Watanabe, R. Wijnands, S. P. Drave, P. R. Hartog, I. Kreykenbohm, G. Puehlhofer, V. Sguera, A. Frankowski
Symmetry Breaking in the Relaxed S<sub>1</sub> Excited State of Bianthryl Derivatives in Weakly Polar Solvents (2001)

The flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity technique (FP-TRMC) has been used to investigate the nature of the relaxed S(1) state of 9,9'-bianthryl (AA), 10-cyano-9,9'-bianthryl (CAA), and 10,10'-dicyano-9,9'-bianthryl (CAAC). Changes in both the real, Deltaepsilon' (dielectric constant), and imaginary, Deltaepsilon' ' (dielectric loss), components of the complex permittivity have been measured. The dielectric loss transients conclusively demonstrate the dipolar nature of S(1) for all three compounds in the pseudopolar solvents benzene and 1,4-dioxane, and even in the nonpolar solvents n-hexane and cyclohexane. The required symmetry breaking is considered to result from density and structural fluctuations in the solvent environment. The dipole relaxation times for AA (CAAC) are ca. 2 ps for the alkanes and 7.9 (5.3) and 14 (14) ps for benzene and dioxane, respectively. The time scale of dipole relaxation for the symmetrical compounds is much shorter than that for rotational diffusion and is attributed to intramolecular, flip-flop dipole reversal via a neutral excitonic state. The dipole moment of the transient dipolar state is estimated to be ca. 8 D, that is much lower than the value of ca. 20 D determined from the solvatochromic shifts in the fluorescence in intermediate to highly polar solvents which corresponds to close to complete charge separation. For the asymmetric compound, CAA, a dipole moment close to 20 D is found in all solvents, including n-hexane. Dipole relaxation in this case occurs on a time scale of several hundred picoseconds and is controlled mainly by diffusional rotation of the molecules. The mechanism and kinetics of formation of the dipolar excited states are discussed in the light of these results.