gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of a new derivative of retinoic acid on proliferation and differentiation in human neuroblastoma cells. (2003)

Neuroblastoma, a tumor originating from the sympathetic nervous system, is the most common extracranial malignant solid tumor of childhood. Human neuroblastoma cells may differentiate in vitro under treatment with a variety of biological agents and drugs. Among these, retinoic acid (RA) is quite potent and its effectiveness as a therapeutic agent is now being evaluated in clinical trials. As its pleiotropic biological activities may produce side-effects limiting clinical use, it is important to find new compounds that present the same effectiveness together with few side-effects. In this study we have explored the action of IIF, (pat. WIPO W0 00/17143) a new derivative of RA, as a differentiation inducer in the human neuroblastoma cell line TS12. In the same cell line, we have also compared the effect of IIF with that of all trans RA (ATRA) and of 9 cis RA (9cRA), with respect to morphological and biochemical differentiation and growth inhibition. Treatment with IIF resulted in a strong inhibition of proliferation and in a marked induction of neuronal differentiation as revealed by neurite extension, increase of actylcholinesterase (AchE) specific activity and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new retinoid as a differentiation inducer on neuroblastoma cells TS12. Furthermore, the differentiation-promoter and antimitotic activities of IIF were on the whole more pronounced than those of ATRA and 9cRA. Therefore our study suggests the evaluation of the new retinoid IIF as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
The Design of Autonomous Smart Car Used in Simulation of Vehicle Platoon (2008)

The autonomous smart car is the foundation of physical simulation of vehicle platoon based on vehicle and road cooperation. This paper analyzed the architecture of vehicle platoon system in the case of vehicle-road cooperation, and proposed the constitution and structure of autonomous smart car control system.After analyzing functional requirement of the autonomous smart car, the paper designed the key hardware and software of the autonomous smart car. It took the microchip as the controller, and used camera and ultrasonic sensor for the lane navigation. At the same time, it used DC motor for control driving and steering,and the Zigbee technology was adopted to design the wireless communication module. The key algorithm about recognizing navigation lane and movement controlling method was proposed, including path extraction and controlling algorithms. The test indicated the autonomous smart car had a good and stable performance.
High expression of HIV-1 Gag p24 (1999)

After the p24 gene fragment coding the core protein of HIV-1 was cloned into the expression vector pET28(b) and transformed to various receptor, the expression of HIV-1 Gag p24 was induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE proved that 46% of recombinant p24 protein was expressed in BL21 (DE3) plysS. The protein was specifically reacted with the McAb to HIV-1 p24.
HONEY FROM THE APHIS OR PLANT LOUSE. (1892)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHONEY FROM THE APHIS OR PLANT LOUSE.H. W. WileyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1892, 14, 10, 350–352Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1892Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1892https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja02123a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02123a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Temperature-insensitive fiber Bragg grating liquid-level sensor based on bending cantilever beam (2005)

A temperature insensitive fiber Bragg grating (FBG) liquid level sensor based on bending cantilever beam (BCB) is proposed and demonstrated. The BCB induces axial strain gradient along the sensing FBG, resulting in a Bragg bandwidth modulation. The broadening of FBG spectrum bandwidth and the reflection optical power change with the liquid level and they are insensitive to spatially uniform temperature variations. For a liquid level variation of 500 mm and a temperature range from 0/spl deg/C to 80/spl deg/C, the measured liquid level fluctuates less than 2% without any temperature compensation. By optical power detection via a pin photodiode, the liquid-level sensor avoids complex demodulation process and potentially costs low.
Action and Agent (1965)

Journal Article Action and Agent Get access Kurt Baier Kurt Baier University of Pittsburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Monist, Volume 49, Issue 2, 1 April 1965, Pages 183–195, https://doi.org/10.5840/monist196549213 Published: 23 December 2014
Timing and Causes of Death After Injuries (2013)

Currently, long-term outcomes are significant because health care system changes will likely lead to a single payment for each occurrence of care, including readmissions-the "bundled payment" system. Therefore, it is essential to understand the outcomes of trauma patients discharged alive from trauma centers. This article reviews the current knowledge base on the timing and causes of deaths after trauma. The trimodal mortality model (immediate deaths, early deaths, and late deaths) is utilized as the early research describing trimodal distribution is discussed. Also covered is the successive work as trauma systems matured, showing a shift toward a bimodal distribution with a decline in late deaths. Finally, studies of long-term outcomes are highlighted. Deaths occurring within minutes or a few hours of injury are largely unchanged, which underscores the enormity of injuries to the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. Late deaths caused by multiple organ failure and sepsis have declined considerably, however. Also, the causes of death in this patient population remain constant. Lastly, a considerable number of deaths after discharge may be due to nontraumatic causes.
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (2006)

Abstract Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a highly organized multienzyme complex that plays a key role in glucose metabolism providing a direct link between glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. PDC is tightly regulated according to changing demands in glucose consumption in different tissues and under different nutritional and pathophysiological conditions.
Disulfide Oil Hazard Assessment Using Categorical Analysis and a Mode of Action Determination (2013)

Diethyl and diphenyl disulfides, naphtha sweetening (Chemical Abstracts Service [CAS] # 68955-96-4), are primarily composed of low-molecular-weight dialkyl disulfides extracted from C4 to C5 light hydrocarbon streams during the refining of crude oil. The substance, commonly known as disulfide oil (DSO), can be composed of up to 17 different disulfides and trisulfides with monoalkyl chain lengths no greater than C4. The disulfides in DSO constitute a homologous series of chemical constituents that are perfectly suited for a hazard evaluation using a read-across/worst-case approach. The DSO constituents exhibit a common mode of action that is operable at all trophic levels. The observed oxidative stress response is mediated by reactive oxygen species and free radical intermediates generated after disulfide bond cleavage and subsequent redox cycling of the resulting mercaptan. Evidence indicates that the lowest series member, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), can operate as a worst-case surrogate for other members of the series, since it displays the highest toxicity. Increasing the alkyl chain length or degree of substitution has been shown to serially reduce disulfide toxicity through resonance stabilization of the radical intermediate or steric inhibition of the initial enzymatic step. The following case study examines the mode of action for dialkyl disulfide toxicity and documents the use of read-across information from DMDS to assess the hazards of DSO. The results indicate that DSO possesses high aquatic toxicity, moderate environmental persistence, low to moderate acute toxicity, high repeated dose toxicity, and a low potential for genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive/developmental effects.
A laboratory determination of the destruction of α-amylase and salmonellae in whole egg by heat pasteurization (1962)

The conditions of heating necessary to destroy salmonellae in liquid whole egg have been compared with those necessary to destroy the activity of the α-amylase of whole egg. All conditions of pasteurizing from the mildest at 61·1° C. (142° F.) for 1 min. to the most severe at 65·5° C. (150° F.) for 5 min. eliminated Salm. typhimurium . The heat-resistant strain of Salm. senftenberg N.C.T.C. 9959 (775 W) was not recovered after heating at 64·4° C. (148° F.) for 2½ min. and at the lower temperatures when the heating period was 3 min. or more. The activity of α-amylase was also destroyed by heating at 64·4° C. (148° F.) for 2½ min. but not at lower temperatures. Because the baking properties of egg are not impaired by heating at 64·4° C. (148° F.) for 2½ min. it is proposed that the inactivation of the α-amylase of whole egg can be used as a test for controlling the pasteurization process, and a routine test has been developed which can be completed within 1 hr.
Oxygen level: the dominant of resistive switching characteristics in cerium oxide thin films (2012)

Abstract Currently, resistive switching mechanisms in metal oxide thin films are not clearly understood due to lack of solid evidence. In this work, the switching behaviour of the Au/CeO 2 /conductive glass structure was analysed, where reproducible and pronounced resistive switching characteristics were obtained. The role of oxygen vacancies in switching characteristics was investigated. The concentration of oxygen vacancies in the CeO 2 thin films was controlled by post-annealing and monitored by x-ray photon spectroscopy. The reduction in the switching ratio and the intensity of the peak associated with oxygen concentration O 1s level after annealing treatment confirmed the dominating role of oxygen vacancies in switching behaviour.
Silylative decarbonylation: a new route to arylsilanes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilylative decarbonylation: a new route to arylsilanesJonathan D. RichCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 15, 5886–5893Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00197a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00197a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1352Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Oral tolerance as therapy for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis: Demonstration of T cell anergy (1998)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an important model for developing therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). The oral administration of the central nervous system antigen, myelin basic protein (MBP), to Lewis rats and susceptible mouse strains prior to MBP immunization prevents the induction of EAE. Clinical trials administering myelin orally to MS patients have met with only partial success, and thus require that oral tolerance be further studied to improve this treatment strategy. Clonal anergy, clonal deletion, immune deviation from Th1 to Th2 T cell subsets, and active suppression by TGF-beta-secreting T cells have all been implicated as possible mechanisms in oral tolerance. Which mechanism predominates depends on antigen dosage, frequency of feeding, and timing of antigen administration. In this study, we have characterized T cells derived from MBP-fed rats and determined the level of their unresponsiveness. Myelin basic protein-specific T cells are indeed present although in reduced numbers in lymphoid tissue of orally tolerized animals. Following several cell divisions in the presence of IL-2, these MBP-specific T cells undergo a dramatic reversal of unresponsiveness, proliferate in response to MBP and are capable of transferring EAE. These results support clonal anergy as an important mechanism for oral tolerance. Recent developments in clinical trials of oral tolerance are described.
The design and development of a distributed scheduler agent (2002)

The main objective of the distributed scheduler agent is to provide task placement advice either to parallel and distributed applications directly, or to a distributed scheduler which will despatch normal applications transparently to the advised hosts. To accomplish this, the distributed scheduler agent needs to know the global load situation across all machines and be able to pick the host which best suits the specific resource requirements of individual jobs. Issues concerning the collecting and distribution of load information throughout the system are discussed. This load information is then fed to a ranking algorithm which uses a 3-dimensional load space to generate the most suitable host based on weights which indicate the relative importance of resources to a task. Performance tests are carried out to determine the response times and overhead of the distributed scheduler agent. An application, a distributed ray tracer, is also customised to make use of the distributed scheduler agent and the results presented.
A Multi-Leading Edge and Multi-Threshold Waveform Retracker (2006)

Characteristics of the altimetry waveform are studied for more accurate sea surface height measurement in the paper. And based on the existing methods, the leading-edge-detection-based multi-leading edge and multi-threshold waveform retracking method is presented. Then, the method is applied to the waveform processing over the China offing sea to improve the precision and resolution of altimetry. As a validation, the gravity anomaly data are computed from the retracked data and compared with the ship-born gravity. Results show the method can improve the altimetry precision greatly.
Criteria given for finding combustion properties of coal-water mixes (1983)

The combustion properties of coal-water mixtures containing different contents of water are considered, together with the effects that they will have on boiler efficiency. It is shown that every 10% additional moisture added to the coal reduces the calorific value of the mixture by an average of 13%, leading to a decrease in boiler efficiency of 1.1% on average. As a result, the coal-water mixture fuel rate must be increased by 15% (average) in order to achieve the same power output.
Adaptive filtering in ECG monitoring of the fetal heart rate. (1987)

There has long been an interest in noninvasively monitoring the fetal electrocardiogram (ECG). In the past twenty years a clinical need has developed to monitor the instantaneous fetal heart rate (FHR) and changes in the heart rate from one beat to the next, i.e., beat-to-beat FHR variability as well as an interest in understanding the development of cardiac arrhythmias. The purpose of this paper is to present initial results obtained from an Electrocardiographic Adaptive Processor (EAP) to noninvasively monitor in real-time continuous tracings of the fetal ECG, FHR, and FHR variability. Twenty-five sets of noninvasive fetal ECG data were collected from pregnant subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy using maternal abdominal paste-on electrodes. The fetal QRS amplitude and shape varied from 5 to 30 microvolts with fetal position, gestational age, and relative electrode configuration. Results have been obtained in three specific areas: 1) The development and initial testing of a microprocessor based Electrocardiographic Adaptive Processor (EAP) implemented as an FHR monitor has been completed. The EAP has been implemented to adaptively cancel, in real-time, the maternal ECG component from maternal abdominal ECG leads to provide a continuous tracing of the fetal ECG complex, or FHR and FHR variability. 2) Maternal and thoracic ECG data stored on computer disk were used to test the adaptive techniques to cancel the strong interfering maternal ECG. Studies continue to effectively reduce background electromyographic (EMG) noise. 3) Tracings of the fetal QRS complex, instantaneous FHR, and short term FHR variability have been obtained in real-time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Millimetre‐wave air‐filled substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna (2017)

An air‐filled substrate integrated waveguide (AFSIW) slot array antenna based on multilayer PCB process is proposed. For comparison and demonstration purposes, 1 × 4 slot array antennas based on both AFSIW and conventional dielectric‐filled SIW (DFSIW) operating at 30.5 GHz are designed, fabricated and measured. The exampled AFSIW 1 × 4 slot array antenna achieves 44 and 18% narrower measured H‐plane and E‐plane half‐power beamwidth, respectively, and simulated radiation efficiency improved by 1.6%, resulting in an overall measured gain improvement of 3.5 dB compared with its DFSIW counterpart. This antenna is of high interest for the design of efficient arrays based on high‐performance AFSIW feeding network.
On the statistical nature of mammograms (1999)

We show that digitized mammograms can be considered as evolving from a simple process. A given image results from passing a random input field through a linear filtering operation, where the filter transfer function has a self-similar characteristic. By estimating the functional form of the filter and solving the corresponding filtering equation, the analysis shows that the input field gray value distribution and spectral content can be approximated with parametric methods. The work gives a simple explanation for the variegated image appearance and multimodal character of the gray value distribution common to mammograms. Using the image analysis as a guide, a simulated mammogram is generated that has many statistical characteristics of real mammograms. Additional benefits may follow from understanding the functional form of the filter in conjunction with the input field characteristics that include the approximate parametric description of mammograms, showing the distinction between homogeneously dense and nondense images, and the development of mass analysis methods.
Floral Scent Production in Clarkia (Onagraceae) (I. Localization and Developmental Modulation of Monoterpene Emission and Linalool Synthase Activity) (1994)

The flowers of many plants emit volatile compounds as a means of attracting pollinators. We have previously shown that the strong, sweet fragrance of Clarkia breweri (Onagraceae), an annual plant native to California, consists of approximately 8 to 12 volatile compounds[mdash]three monoterpenes and nine benzoate derivatives (R.A. Raguso and E. Pichersky [1994] Plant Syst Evol [in press]). Here we report that the monoterpene alcohol linalool is synthesized and emitted mostly by petals but to a lesser extent also by the pistil and stamens. Two linalool oxides are produced and emitted almost exclusively by the pistil. These three monoterpenes are first discernible in mature unopened buds, and their tissue levels are highest during the first 2 to 3 d after anthesis. Levels of emission by the different floral parts throughout the life span of the flower were correlated with levels of these monoterpenes in the respective tissues, suggesting that these monoterpenes are emitted soon after their synthesis. Activity of linalool synthase, an enzyme that converts the ubiquitous C10 isoprenoid intermediate geranyl pyrophosphate to linalool, was highest in petals, the organ that emits most of the linalool. However, linalool synthase activity on a fresh weight basis was highest in stigma and style (i.e. the pistil). Most of the linalool produced in the pistil is apparently converted into linalool oxides. Lower levels (0.1%) of monoterpene emission and linalool synthase activity are found in the stigma of Clarkia concinna, a nonscented relative of C. breweri, suggesting that monoterpenes may have other functions in the flower in addition to attracting pollinators.
Decreased interferon-<i>α</i>production and impaired T helper 1 polarization by dendritic cells from patients with chronic hepatitis C (2004)

Patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are unable to prime and maintain vigorous T cell responses that are initiated during the acute phase of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. As dendritic cells (DCs) induce and regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses, the aim of this study was to analyse two critical functions of DCs: firstly, production of interferon (IFN)-alpha and, secondly, polarization of T helper 1 lymphocytes. The frequencies of plasmacytoid DC (PDC) and myeloid DC (MDC) were estimated in 63 patients with CHC and 34 normal controls using four-colour flow cytometry. Circulating DCs were isolated from peripheral blood of CHC patients (n = 10) and normal controls (n = 10). These DCs were cultured with herpes simplex virus-1 to evaluate their capacity to produce IFN-alpha. The capacity of DCs to induce polarization of autologous naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes to IFN-gamma-producing effector T lymphocytes was also assessed. The frequencies of PDCs producing intracellular IFN-alpha (P < 0.01) and the levels of IFN-alpha in culture supernatant of PDCs (P < 0.01) were significantly lower in patients with CHC compared to those of normal controls. The numbers of MDC were significantly lower in patients with CHC (8.2 (6.0)/ micro l, median (interquartile range), n = 63) compared to normal control (11.7 (7.8)/ micro l, n = 34) (P < 0.01). Moreover, DCs from patients with CHC induced significantly lower numbers of IFN-gamma-producing effector T lymphocytes compared to that of controls (P < 0.01). This study indicates that the low IFN-alpha-producing capacity and impaired T helper 1 polarization ability of DCs from patients with CHC might be responsible for the typical low anti-HCV immune responses in these patients.