gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical characterization of isolated cholesterol-phospholipid particles continuously released from rat and human platelets after activation. (1988)

Platelets are a source of lipid that facilitates the coagulation process and that potentially accumulates in cells within atherosclerotic lesions. With this in mind, we have examined the release of lipid-containing particles from activated rat and human platelets. When washed platelets were activated with thrombin and incubated, cholesterol and phospholipid were continuously released for a period up to 2 hours. The amount of cholesterol released was approximately 20% of the platelet cholesterol content. Cholesterol release was also stimulated by strong platelet agonists such as collagen and the calcium ionophore A23187 but not by the weak agonist ADP. The release of cholesterol did not simply result from lysis of platelets since lactate dehydrogenase and cholesterol release could be dissociated. Colchicine substantially inhibited release of cholesterol but did not substantially inhibit release of lactate dehydrogenase. Cholesterol-phospholipid particles were isolated from platelet-release supernatants by centrifugation, microfiltration, and gel filtration chromatography. The particles, which eluted in the void volume, were composed of 57% protein, 32% phospholipids, 8% cholesterol, and 3% triglyceride. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of particle-associated protein showed a major protein component of Mr 42,000, presumably actin. The density of the particles in a sucrose density gradient was 1.16 g/ml. The cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio of isolated particles from rat and human platelets was about 0.6, a value typical of plasma membranes, whereas the cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio in particles released from platelets of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet increased to 1.0. Electron microscopic analysis of the particles showed them to be spherical or irregular in shape with sizes ranging from 50 to 550 nm and with projections that extended from their surfaces. We suggest that these cholesterol-phospholipid particles released from platelets may represent a mechanism by which the membrane becomes dispersed following platelet activation.
Photoinduced graft polymerization of styrene onto polypropylene substrates (1997)

The photochemical grafting of styrene onto polypropylene (PP) using benzophenone (BP) and benzoin ethyl ether (BEE) as photosensitizers is described. The effects of various parameters (such as monomer and photosensitizer concentration, reaction time, and solvent) on percent grafting were studied. We found that BP is a very efficient photosensitizer for the grafting of styrene onto PP surfaces. Unlike BEE, BP does not initiate nongrafting homopolymerization reactions in solution which compete with grafting reactions. This is advantageous over other photosensitizers since homopolymer formed in solution can interfere with the grafting reaction as well complicate sample preparation and purification. The graft copolymers obtained using both BP and BEE were characterized by high resolution 1H-NMR, optical microscopy and swelling studies. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 883–889, 1997
Host Specificity and Environmental Impact of Two Leaf Beetles (<i>Galerucella calmariensis</i>and<i>G. pusilla</i>) for Biological Control of Purple Loosestrife (<i>Lythrum salicaria</i>) (1994)

Many prime wetlands in North America have been degraded following encroachment by the exotic plant purple loosestrife. Conventional methods are unsuccessful in providing long-term control. Host specificity studies demonstrated the suitability of two leaf beetles, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla, as biological weed control agents. Adults oviposited only on plants within the genus Lythrum. The only species other than purple loosestrife where adult feeding and oviposition occurred and that supported successful larval development was winged lythrum. Swamp loosestrife and winged lythrum may be vulnerable to limited attack by newly emerged teneral adults. Evaluation of the potential environmental impact of the two leaf beetles showed that benefits of an introduction outweigh potential risks to winged lythrum or swamp loosestrife. Their field release was approved in 1992.
国际评估准则委员会主席约瑟夫·J·维拉致2006北京年会的贺信 (2006)

在国际评估准则委员会庆祝成立25周年纪念日之际,作为国际评估准则委员会主席,我很高兴欢迎每一位代表来到古老而现代的北京参加国际评估准则委员会会议.国际评估准则委员会作为全球性准则制定组织,一直是国际评估准则的唯一代言人.……
Dunaliella: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology (1992)

Morphology and Taxonomy (H.R. Preisig). Flagellar Apparatus, Cell Motility, and Phototaxis (F. Marano). Photosynthesis: Biochemical and Physiological Adaptation (K. Aizawa and S. Miyachi). ATPases and Ion Transport in Dunaliella (U. Pick). Dunaliella acidophila-Life at pH 1.0 (H. Gimmler and U. Weis). Osmoregulation (M. Avron). NMR Studies of Dunaliella (M. Bental and H. Degani). Molecular Biology of Dunaliella (A. Zamir). b-Carotene Biosynthesis (A. Ben-Amotz and A. Shaish). Nutritional, Toxicological, and Therapeutic Aspects (S. Mokady).
Synthesis of <i>P</i>-Triazole Dithienophospholes and a Cyclodextrin-Based Sensor via Click Chemistry (2013)

The synthesis of a series of highly luminescent, functional dithienophospholes via a click reaction is reported. Slight modification of the lateral aromatic substituents leads to a significant difference in their solid-state organization. In addition, a novel water-soluble β-cyclodextrin hybrid is demonstrated to be an effective sensor for picric acid.
Microcavity-Free Broadband Light Outcoupling Enhancement in Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Nanostructured Transparent Metal–Dielectric Composite Electrodes (2015)

Flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) hold great promise for future bendable display and curved lighting applications. One key challenge of high-performance flexible OLEDs is to develop new flexible transparent conductive electrodes with superior mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. Herein, an effective nanostructured metal/dielectric composite electrode on a plastic substrate is reported by combining a quasi-random outcoupling structure for broadband and angle-independent light outcoupling of white emission with an ultrathin metal alloy film for optimum optical transparency, electrical conduction, and mechanical flexibility. The microcavity effect and surface plasmonic loss can be remarkably reduced in white flexible OLEDs, resulting in a substantial increase in the external quantum efficiency and power efficiency to 47.2% and 112.4 lm W(-1).
Large‐scale purification and characterisation of pea globulins (1984)

Abstract Pea globulins, vicilin and legumin were isolated by chromatography on DEAE Sepharose and Ultrogel ACA 34. The procedure was carried out on a preparative scale and used to purify about 5 g of each globulin for a separation cycle. The purity of the vicilin and legumin was verified by immunoelectrophoretic and ultracentrifuge analysis.
Order of Dry and Wet Mixed-Length Self-Assembled Monolayers (2015)

Functionalizing the surface of metal and oxide materials with self-assembled monolayers is an elegant method for tuning the chemical properties of the surfaces. The properties of a coated surface depend on both the chemical nature of the termination as well as the order of the monolayer. One commonly used platform is alkylsilanes on silica surfaces. Here we characterize the disorder of self-assembled monolayers having a mixture of two monomer lengths using sum-frequency generation (SFG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We find that mixed monolayer order varies smoothly as a function of composition. The mixed monolayers are more disordered than either pure monolayer, and of the pure monolayers, the shorter monolayer is more disordered. The nonlinear relationship between monolayer disorder and composition, along with atomic force microscopy images, suggests completely homogeneous mixing or very small domains of the monomers. The order of the monolayers as determined by SFG spectroscopy does not depend on whether the monolayer is in contact with air or water.
An Embryonic Stem Cell-Specific NuRD Complex Functions through Interaction with WDR5 (2017)

The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex is a chromatin regulatory complex that functions as a transcriptional co-repressor in metazoans. The NuRD subunit MBD3 is essential for targeting and assembly of a functional NuRD complex as well as embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Three MBD3 isoforms (MBD3A, MBD3B, and MBD3C) are expressed in mouse. Here, we find that the MBD3C isoform contains a unique 50-amino-acid N-terminal region that is necessary for MBD3C to specifically interact with the histone H3 binding protein WDR5. Domain analyses of WDR5 reveal that the H3 binding pocket is required for interaction with MBD3C. We find that while Mbd3c knockout ESCs differentiate normally, MBD3C is redundant with the MBD3A and MBD3B isoforms in regulation of gene expression, with the unique MBD3C N terminus required for this redundancy. Together, our data characterize a unique NuRD complex variant that functions specifically in ESCs.
Equations of state for the calculation of fluid‐phase equilibria (2000)

Abstract Progress in developing equations of state for the calculation of fluid‐phase equilibria is reviewed. There are many alternative equations of state capable of calculating the phase equilibria of a diverse range of fluids. A wide range of equations of state from cubic equations for simple molecules to theoretically‐based equations for molecular chains is considered. An overview is also given of work on mixing rules that are used to apply equations of state to mixtures. Historically, the development of equations of state has been largely empirical. However, equations of state are being formulated increasingly with the benefit of greater theoretical insights. It is now quite common to use molecular simulation data to test the theoretical basis of equations of state. Many of these theoretically‐based equations are capable of providing reliable calculations, particularly for large molecules.
Analysis of Substrate Effect in Chemically Amplified Resist on Silicate-Glass (1996)

The substrate effect of chemically amplified (CA) resists on boron-phosphorous-silicate-glass (BPSG), boron-silicate-glass (BSG), phosphorous-silicate-glass (PSG) and non-doped-silicate-glass (NSG) has been investigated using a surface analysis technique. The resist pattern of a negative-tone CA resist on BPSG, PSG and BSG substrates has an undercut profile, and that of a positive-tone CA resist on these substrates has a footing profile. To clarify the interaction between CA resists and BPSG, BSG, PSG and NSG substrates, the surface of these substrates was analyzed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). It was found that there are boron oxides and/or phosphorous oxides on the surface. These oxides are considered to contribute to the undercut profile of the negative resist and footing profile of the positive resist, and to quench photo-generated acids in the resists. Further, cleaning of the surface of a BPSG substrate with H 2 SO 4 /H 2 O 2 is results in improvement of the pattern profile.
KEA (2004)

Keyphrases provide semantic metadata that summarize and characterize documents. This chapter describes Kea, an algorithm for automatically extracting keyphrases from text. Kea identifies candidate keyphrases using lexical methods, calculates feature values for each candidate, and uses a machine-learning algorithm to predict which candidates are good keyphrases. The machine-learning scheme first builds a prediction model using training documents with known keyphrases, and then uses the model to find keyphrases in new documents. We use a large test corpus to evaluate Kea’s effectiveness in terms of how many author-assigned keyphrases are correctly identified. The system is simple, robust, and available under the GNU General Public License; the chapter gives instructions for use.
Restricted IgG isotype profiles in T. cruzi infected mice and Chagas' disease patients. (1984)

IgG2 was the predominant specific antibody isotype in mice chronically infected with Y strain Trypanosoma cruzi; IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies were absent or present only at very low levels. Isotype analyses of the acute phase of infection confirmed no early production of IgG1 or IgG3 and no failure in the switch from IgM to IgG. In vivo passive transfer studies of immune serum fractions showed protection to be associated only with the IgG2 isotype. A characteristic specific anti-T. cruzi IgG isotype profile (IgG1, IgG3, greater than IgG2, IgG4) was detected in a majority (39 of 50) of sera from Chagas' disease patients.
Experimental Study of Thickness Gradient Formation in the VARTM Process (2005)

ABSTRACT Although the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process has been the focus of much attention in the past several years, it is only recently that research tools have been developed to investigate fundamental process mechanisms associated with it. One area of concern for composites manufacturers is the ability to maintain dimensional tolerances throughout the process cycle. It has been well known that a thickness gradient forms during VARTM, leading to corresponding gradients in fiber volume fraction and the associated mechanical properties. In this work, the formation of these thickness gradients is investigated using an array of linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) to monitor surface displacements during infusion. SMARTweave sensors are used to correlate resin flow with the surface displacements for infusions, using either a line resin source or point resin source. Software is used to display the surface displacements as a three-dimensional plot so that the entire part surface may be visualized during infusion.
A Chunk Scheduling Based on Chunk Diffusion Ratio on P2P Live Streaming (2012)

Many Internet users use P2P live streaming services which deliver live video contents to many users. In the services, the video content is sliced into small pieces called chunks. The peers not only receive but also send the chunks to watch the video contents. Source's load for delivering is reduced. In an Offer Select method, each peer offers sendable chunks to it's neighbors. The neighbors select receiving chunks from the sendable chunks. However, some chunk diffusions are low. Each peer sends chunk independently. It happens that peers offer same chunks to a neighbor. In this paper, we propose a chunk schedule method. Each peer receives chunks which the nearby peers hardly possess. Our method reduces dispersion of chunk diffusion. Simulation results show that peers receive more chunks, which enables peers to watch higher quality.
A variable region gene subfamily encoding T cell receptor beta-chains is selectively conserved among mammals. (1986)

Studies of murine T cell receptor genes indicate that the VT beta repertoire, in contrast to the large VT alpha, VH, and VK repertoires, is limited to approximately 21 genes. Large differences between the various VT beta sequences allow classification into distinct subfamilies consisting of one or few members. The VT beta sequence of a gene, RTB92, expressed in a rabbit T cell line is most closely related to a VT beta gene expressed in the human cell line Molt-4. Genomic blots with RTB92 VT beta region used as probe indicated conservation of related VT beta gene subfamilies in man and pig, but no related sequences were seen in rat, mouse, or hamster. The relationship among these VT beta genes mirrors similarities and differences in MHC genes of the compared species and suggests coordinate evolution of these functionally related gene families. The constant region of RTB92 was shown to be rabbit CT beta 2 by reference to genomic clones. Comparisons with constant region sequences of human and murine CT beta 1 and CT beta 2 chains reveal no similarities in amino acid or nucleic acid sequence in the coding region characteristic of the respective isotypes. Intraspecies homologies between CT beta 1 and CT beta 2 sequences were much greater than those between CT beta 1 or CT beta 2 from other species. By contrast, comparisons of JT beta and 3' untranslated region sequences showed significant interspecies conservation of sequences in the beta 1 and in the beta 2 regions.
Recent Issues on Coastal Management in Japan (1997)

Abstract This paper highlights recent issues on coastal management in Japan. It first addresses the issue of boundary disputes with Korea, China and Russia. Considerable emphasis in the paper is placed on the Japanese Government's recent mitigation policy for coastal management. Japan's Ministry of Construction once drafted a law similar to the CZMA in the USA, but it has never been enacted due to the opposition of other ministries, which claim that the many existing laws and regulations are sufficient to manage virtually all issues pertaining to coastal use and conflicts. However, Japan is experiencing ongoing conflict between fisheries activity, which has traditionally enjoyed priority status in the field, and all other viable maritime interests.
Stereoscopic acuity with defocused and spatially filtered retinal images (1980)

Spectacle blur decreases stereoacuity more than ordinary visual acuity, and this cannot be accounted for by contrast reduction or by accommodation and/or convergence instability. Stereoscopic acuity was measured over a range of defocus exceeding 2 D in normal subjects with a 3-mm artificial pupil. Blur of one eye leads to a decrement in stereoacuity that is at least as high and usually higher than blur of both eyes; blurring only the disparate element of the pattern while keeping the rest clear is nearly as detrimental as blurring the whole pattern. In a separate experiment, the individual line elements of the pattern were subjected to spatial frequency filtering in the horizontal direction. For best stereoacuity values, representation of the whole spatial frequency spectrum is required. Patterns with diminished high-frequency content (> 10 cycles/deg) show lowered stereoacuity and those utilizing predominantly a spatial frequency band centered on 22 cycles/deg even more so.
The Yin and Yang of P-TEFb Regulation: Implications for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gene Expression and Global Control of Cell Growth and Differentiation (2006)

The positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) stimulates transcriptional elongation by phosphorylating the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and antagonizing the effects of negative elongation factors. Not only is P-TEFb essential for transcription of the vast majority of cellular genes, but it is also a critical host cellular cofactor for the expression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 genome. Given its important role in globally affecting transcription, P-TEFb's activity is dynamically controlled by both positive and negative regulators in order to achieve a functional equilibrium in sync with the overall transcriptional demand as well as the proliferative state of cells. Notably, this equilibrium can be shifted toward either the active or inactive state in response to diverse physiological stimuli that can ultimately affect the cellular decision between growth and differentiation. In this review, we examine the mechanisms by which the recently identified positive (the bromodomain protein Brd4) and negative (the noncoding 7SK small nuclear RNA and the HEXIM1 protein) regulators of P-TEFb affect the P-TEFb-dependent transcriptional elongation. We also discuss the consequences of perturbations of the dynamic associations of these regulators with P-TEFb in relation to the pathogenesis and progression of several major human diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy, breast cancer, and HIV infection.
Expression of <i>vitreoscilla</i> hemoglobin improves growth and levels of extracellular enzyme in <i>yarrowia lipolytica</i> (2003)

Enhancement in oxygen uptake by high-cell-density cultivations has been achieved previously by expression of the bacterial hemoglobin gene from Vitreoscilla. The Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) gene was expressed in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to study the effect of expression in this commercially important yeast. The expression of VHb in this yeast was found to enhance growth, contrary to reported observations in wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which there was no significant growth enhancement. VHb-expressing Y. lipolytica exhibited higher specific growth rate, enhanced oxygen uptake rate, and higher respiratory activity. We report the beneficial effects of VHb expression on growth under microaerobic as well as under nonlimiting dissolved oxygen conditions. Earlier studies in Y. lipolytica have demonstrated inhibition of mycelia formation by respiratory inhibitors and poor nitrogen source, conditions poor for growth. VHb(+) Y. lipolytica cells were more efficient at forming mycelia, indicating better utilization of available oxygen as compared with the VHb(-) cells. Expression of VHb was also found to increase the levels of enzyme ribonuclease secreted into the medium, a property that may be beneficial for producing heterologous proteins in Y. lipolytica.
Thermal Stability of Various Olefin-SO<sub>2</sub> Polymers (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Stability of Various Olefin-SO2 PolymersM. A. Naylor and A. W. AndersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 15, 3962–3965Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01644a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01644a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views161Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts