gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide donors stimulate prostaglandin F2alpha and inhibit thromboxane B2 production in the human cervix during the first trimester of pregnancy (1999)

Nitric oxide (NO) donors are capable of ripening the human cervix during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine how NO donors may be involved in this process. Cervical biopsies were obtained from pregnant women randomized to receive isosorbide mononitrate (n = 10) or no treatment (n = 10) prior to suction termination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on culture supernatant for interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and prostaglandin metabolites. Immunohistochemistry was performed to localize these cytokines, cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2 and prostaglandin dehydrogenase in cervical tissue and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to identify COX-1 and COX-2 expression. Biopsies treated with the NO donor isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) produced significantly greater amounts of prostaglandin F(2alpha) in culture and lower amounts of thromboxane B(2) than controls (572.8 versus 34.9 pg/ml, P < 0.05; 53.3 pg/ml versus 530.9 pg/ml, P < 0.01 respectively). The release of other prostaglandins and of cytokines was not affected by treatment with NO. Inflammatory mediators were localized to cervical tissue and COX-1 and COX-2 expression was confirmed by RT-PCR. In conclusion, the mechanism of NO donor-induced cervical ripening during pregnancy may be mediated in part via increased prostaglandin F(2alpha) synthesis.
Plasticization effects on bubble growth during polymer foaming (2005)

Abstract During polymer foaming with physical blowing agents, plasticization affects the melt viscosity, gas diffusivity in the melt, and the gas–melt interfacial tension. In this paper, we propose a model for plasticization during bubble growth, and estimate its effects under typical foaming conditions. The theoretical model incorporates well‐established mixture theories into a recent model for diffusion‐induced bubble growth. These include the free‐volume theories for the viscosity and diffusivity in polymer‐blowing agent mixtures and the density gradient theory for the interfacial tension. The viscoelasticity of the melt is represented by an Oldroyd‐B constitutive equation. We study the radial growth of a single bubble in an infinite expanse of melt, using parameter values based on experiments on polystyrene–CO 2 systems. Our results show that even at relatively low gas concentrations, plasticization increases the blowing‐agent diffusivity markedly and thus boosts the rate of bubble growth. In contrast, the reduction in melt viscosity and interfacial tension has little effect on bubble growth. Though not intended as quantitative guidelines for process design, these results are expected to apply qualitatively to typical foaming conditions and common polymer‐blowing agent combinations. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:97–107, 2006. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
High dynamic range rendering in valve's source engine (2006)

Article Share on High dynamic range rendering in valve's source engine Authors: Gary McTaggart View Profile , Chris Green View Profile , Jason Mitchell View Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '06: ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 CoursesJuly 2006 Pages 7–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/1185657.1185689Online:30 July 2006Publication History 9citation81DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations9Total Downloads81Last 12 Months10Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Predictive Value of Clinical Features in Diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea (1993)

We examined the predictive value of history and physical examination in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. This was achieved by studying a set of 594 patients referred to the sleep clinic because of suspicion of sleep apnea. All patients were asked a set of standard sleep-related questions and all had nocturnal polysomnography. We used stepwise multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), defined as the number of episodes of cessation of breathing per hour of sleep (dependent variable), and age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and replies to the sleep questionnaire (independent variables). We found that age, sex, body mass index, bed partner observation of apnea and pharyngeal examination were significant predictors of AHI, explaining 36% of the variability. Subjective impression of the examining clinician was also an independent significant predictor of AHI, accounting for 10% of the variability. Using a conventional cutoff value of 10 to divide patients into apneics (AHI > 10) and nonapneics (AHI < or = 10), the sensitivity of subjective impression was 60% and the specificity 63%. We conclude that although clinical features obtained during history and physical examination explain a relatively high percent of the variability in AHI, subjective clinical impression alone is not sufficient to reliably identify patients with or without sleep apnea.
Unique expression pattern of the ?6?4 integrin and laminin-5 in human prostate carcinoma (2001)

The beta4 integrin and its ligand, laminin-5 are altered during the transition of PIN lesions to invasive prostate carcinoma. These data suggest the loss of these proteins during cancer progression. In both prostate and breast carcinoma, the normal expression pattern of the beta4 integrin and laminin-5 is interrupted, in contrast to the persistent beta4 integrin and laminin-5 expression detected in colon carcinoma.
Dechlorination of 1‐chlorohexadecane and 2‐chloronaphthalene in water under sub‐ and supercritical conditions (2000)

Abstract Reactions of 1‐chlorohexadecane and 2‐chloron‐aphthalene in water under sub‐ and supercritical conditions have been investigated so as to show the possible use of water for the dechlorinations of these organic chlorides. The reactions were carried out at 275°C to 430°C in a small SUS316 batch reactor under nitrogen atmosphere at the molar organic chloride/water ratio of 1/100. Under subcritical temperatures, hydrolysis reactions occurred catalyzed by H + ions, whereas under supercritical conditions hydrodechlorinations occurred too, in which hydrogens evolved by the reaction of HCI with the metal wall of the reactor participated. The hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of the primary reaction products also occurred for 1‐chlorohexadecane under supercritical conditions. The dechlorination selectivity was nearly 100% for these organic chlorides irrespective of the reaction conditions employed.
Studies on adjuvants for human prophylactics. II. Influence of the route of injection on the activity of adjuvants to tetanus toxoid in guinea pigs. (1979)

The effects of the route of the injection and adjuvants on the immune response of guinea pigs were investigated at various stages of immune response to tetanus toxoid. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DH) was observed as the first immune response to the toxoid before initiation of antitoxin production. The DH reaction was weak when plain toxoid was administered subcutaneously. Water-in-oil in water (w/o/w) enhanced greatly the reactivity of the immunized animals; pertussis vaccine, endotoxin and aluminium showed adjuvanticities in this order. The foot pad (fp) injection of plain toxoid promoted remarkably the induction of DH. The reactivity was enhanced considerably by w/o/w and to a less extent by aluminium. However, pertussis vaccine showed an adverse effect on DH by the fp route. Active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) induced by the subcutaneous route was enhanced by w/o/w, endotoxin, pertussis vaccine and, to a less extent, by aluminium. The fp route compared with the sc route enhanced ACA by plain toxoid; w/o/w and aluminium but not endotoxin and the vaccine showed adjuvanticities. The influences of adjuvants and the route of injection on Arthus reactions were inconsistent. The effect of adjuvants on antitoxin production was quite different from that on DH when antitoxin was produced abundantly. Aluminium showed consistently a potent adjuvanticity, but activities of w/o/w, endotoxin and pertussis vaccine were inconsistent 4-6 weeks after the primary stimulus by the subcutaneous route. The adjuvant effect became less significant in the secondary response. The fp route was more favorable for antitoxin production than the subcutaneous route with most adjuvants except pertussis vaccine added to tetanus toxoid. Antitoxin production by plain toxoid was very poor when administered intraperitoneally; aluminium and w/o/w but not endotoxin showed a remarkable adjuvanticity for the antitoxin production.
Submillimeter and millimeter wave characterization of absorbing materials (1985)

Several microwave absorbers have been characterized in terms of transmittance and reflectance at frequencies between 35 GHz and 3 THz. The materials studied were a series of iron-loaded cast epoxy absorbers known as Eccosorb. Measurements show that reflectance and absorption coefficient increase with the iron density. A dramatic decrease, by as much as a factor of 2, in absorption coefficient was observed when the samples were cooled from ambient to cryogenic temperatures. A blackbody calibrator to be operated at liquid helium temperature was constructed using the measured optical constants for these absorbers. The measured absorption coefficient for cold Eccosorb CR-110 is within 20% of that reported recently by Peterson and Richards.
Biotechnically produced carbohydrates with functional properties for use in food systems (1990)

Abstract Bacterial polysaccharides with potential use in food as gelling, thickening, stabilising or encapsulating agents will be reviewed. Attention will be focussed on xanthan, gellan and the possible use of cyclosophorans as replacements for cyclodextrins. The possibility of manipulating the rheology of fermented food systems by controlling the extracellular production of polysaccharides by bacterial starter cultures will be discussed.
New Specificities in Australia Antigen Positive Sera Distinct from the Le Bouvier Determinants (1972)

Abstract Evidence for new antigenic specificities in Australia antigen positive sera, for one of which we have proposed the designation e, has been obtained in immunodiffusion tests according to Ouchterlony. These specificities co-occur with Au antigen and are distinct from the a, d, y and x determinants of the Au antigen complex according to Le Bouvier and occur on particles other than those carrying the a determinant. It was found in 18 out of 23 persistent carriers of Au antigen from hemodialysis units, in 6 out of 43 Au positive hepatitis cases but in none of 17 Au antigen-carrying blood donors. In the latter group, however, antibodies against the specificities described herein occurred in 13 out of 17 individuals. In five of these cases the antibody was directed against the e specificity. Some evidence is presented for the possible association of this antigen complex to contagiousness.
Reversible uptake of water on NaCl nanoparticles at relative humidity below deliquescence point observed by noncontact environmental atomic force microscopy (2011)

The behavior of NaCl nanoparticles as a function of relative humidity (RH) has been characterized using non-contact environmental atomic force microscopy (e-AFM) to measure the heights of particles deposited on a prepared hydrophobic surface. Cubic NaCl nanoparticles with sides of 35 and 80 nm were found to take up water reversibly with increasing RH well below the bulk deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) of 75% at 23(∘)C, and to form a liquid-like surface layer of thickness 2 to 5 nm, with measurable uptake (>2 nm increase in particle height) beginning at 70% RH. The maximum thickness of the layer increased with increasing RH and increasing particle size over the range studied. The liquid-like behavior of the layer was indicated by a reversible rounding at the upper surface of the particles, fit to a parabolic cross-section, where the ratio of particle height to maximum radius of curvature increases from zero (flat top) at 68% RH to 0.7 ± 0.3 at 74% RH. These observations, which are consistent with a reorganization of mass on the solid NaCl nanocrystal at RH below the DRH, suggest that the deliquescence of NaCl nanoparticles is more complex than an abrupt first-order phase transition. The height measurements are consistent with a phenomenological model that assumes favorable contributions to the free energy of formation of a liquid layer on solid NaCl due both to van der Waals interactions, which depend partly upon the Hamaker constant, A(film), of the interaction between the thin liquid film and the solid NaCl, and to a longer-range electrostatic interaction over a characteristic length of persistence, ξ; the best fit to the data corresponded to A(film)= 1 kT and ξ = 2.33 nm.
Synthesis of Iodinated Naphthoquinones Using Morpholine‐Iodine Complex (2004)

Abstract The efficient synthesis of 2‐hydroxy‐3‐iodo‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (3), 2‐amino‐3‐iodo‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (4), and 2‐iodo‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (5) have been developed using the parent naphthoquinone in combination with the charge‐transfer complex between iodine and morpholine.
Effect of two doses of ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on the dual-coding test in elderly subjects. (1993)

The subjects of this double-blind study were 18 elderly men and women (mean age, 69.3 years) with slight age-related memory impairment. In a crossover-study design, each subject received placebo or an extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) (320 mg or 600 mg) 1 hour before performing a dual-coding test that measures the speed of information processing; the test consists of several coding series of drawings and words presented at decreasing times of 1920, 960, 480, 240, and 120 ms. The dual-coding phenomenon (a break point between coding verbal material and images) was demonstrated in all the tests. After placebo, the break point was observed at 960 ms and dual coding beginning at 1920 ms. After each dose of the ginkgo extract, the break point (at 480 ms) and dual coding (at 960 ms) were significantly shifted toward a shorter presentation time, indicating an improvement in the speed of information processing.
Visual Cryptography Schemes for Secret Image Sharing using GAS Algorithm (2014)

Visual Cryptography Schemes (VCS) is a method of image encryption used to hide the secret information in images. In the traditional VCS, the secret image is encrypted into n number of shares randomly and distributed to the n number of participates. The secret image can be recovered simply by stacking the shares without any complex computation involved. However previous approach suffers a security, pixel expansion and noise problem. The proposed system consists of two phases. At the sender side, the input secret image generates the four meaningless shares based on GAS algorithm is done in the first phase. In the second phase, the cover images are added in each shares directly by using stamping algorithm and distributed the embedded images to the participants. At the receiver side, the embedded images can be processed to extract the covering images from the generated shares and the secret images can be retrieved by overlapping the shares in the correct order. The password authentication is also provided at both the sender and receiver side. The proposed system provides high security, increase in the number of shares and reduce the pixel expansion problem and high resolution to visualize the secret image.
Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis of prospective studies (2006)

Accumulating epidemiologic evidence indicates that high consumption of red meat and of processed meat may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. We quantitatively assessed the association between red meat and processed meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer in a meta-analysis of prospective studies published through March 2006. Random-effects models were used to pool study results and to assess dose-response relationships. We identified 15 prospective studies on red meat (involving 7,367 cases) and 14 prospective studies on processed meat consumption (7,903 cases). The summary relative risks (RRs) of colorectal cancer for the highest vs. the lowest intake categories were 1.28 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15-1.42) for red meat and 1.20 (95% CI = 1.11-1.31) for processed meat. The estimated summary RRs were 1.28 (95% CI = 1.18-1.39) for an increase of 120 g/day of red meat and 1.09 (95% CI = 1.05-1.13) for an increase of 30 g/day of processed meat. Consumption of red meat and processed meat was positively associated with risk of both colon and rectal cancer, although the association with red meat appeared to be stronger for rectal cancer. In 3 studies that reported results for subsites in the colon, high consumption of processed meat was associated with an increased risk of distal colon cancer but not of proximal colon cancer. The results of this meta-analysis of prospective studies support the hypothesis that high consumption of red meat and of processed meat is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
Thermodynamic properties of the Calvin cycle and pentose phosphate pathway (2008)

The enzymes of the Calvin cycle and pentose phosphate pathway operate in close conjunction with enzymes of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The last two metabolic routes are thermodynamically well characterized, but the former two are not. In this work, the thermodynamic properties of the 19 enzymatic reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle, under standard conditions were calculated in the form of standard transformed reaction Gibbs energies at pH 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, 25°C and ionic strength 0.25 M.
Temperature Measurements in Commercial Silicon Carbide Furnaces (1932)

Three experimental runs on a commercial silicon carbide furnace have been selected to show the limiting temperatures in this process. The runs were selected because of specially controlled experimental conditions. Measurements were made with carefully standardized optical pyrometers by trained experimenters. The results are reported in the form of heating curves for various zones in the furnace. An explanation is presented for the shape of these curves as related to what is taking place in the furnace. The earlier published data on this subject are discussed and corrected on the basis of improved temperature measurements.
The MPEG-4 BSAC Audio Decoder Implementation In Terrestrial DMB Receiver (2006)

We have developed the BSAC audio decoder for T-DMB (terrestrial DMB) receiver. Here, we introduce and present an efficient implementation of BSAC audio decoder which consists of fast computation algorithm of filterbank, effective memory management of DSP, auto sampling frequency detection, simple lip sync method for A/V synchronization, error recovery circuit against some contaminating audio data and compact SDRAM hardware interface to receive the parsed MPEG-2 TS (transport stream). Because this decoder operates with low power consumption in spite of various functions, it is efficient for portable multimedia devices
Effects of unsteadiness of the rates of flow on the dynamics of formation of droplets in microfluidic systems (2010)

Oscillations of the input rates of flow have a significant impact on the dynamics of formation of droplets in microfluidic systems and on the quality of generated emulsions.
Ciliostatic, hemagglutinating, and proteolytic activities in a cell extract of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1980)

An extract of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, prepared from glass-grown organisms by extraction with 2 M NaCl, followed by freeze-thaw, ultracentrifugation, dialysis, and lyophilization, yielded approximately 20% of the total mycoplasmal protein. The extract contained at least 20 protein bands on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and 2 to 5% carbohydrate and inhibited 70 to 100% of the ciliary activity of hamster tracheal organ cultures (ciliostasis). The extent of ciliostasis was dependent on the concentration of the extract. The extract also produced hemagglutination of human O-positive erythrocytes and showed proteolytic activity with a synthetic tetrapeptide substrate, S-2222. These in vitro tissue-damaging activities may be associated with the virulence of the mycoplasmas and with the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae disease.
Personalized web search using browsing history and domain knowledge (2014)

Generic search engines are important for retrieving relevant information from web. However these engines follow the “one size fits all” model which is not adaptable to individual users. Personalized web search is an important field for tuning the traditional IR system for focused information retrieval. This paper is an attempt to improve personalized web search. User's Profile provides an important input for performing personalized web search. This paper proposes a framework for constructing an Enhanced User Profile by using user's browsing history and enriching it using domain knowledge. This Enhanced User Profile can be used for improving the performance of personalized web search. In this paper we have used the Enhanced User Profile specifically for suggesting relevant pages to the user. The experimental results show that the suggestions provided to the user using Enhanced User Profile are better than those obtained by using a User Profile.
<title>Augmented reality for underground pipe inspection and maintenance</title> (1998)

The University of Surrey is engaged in developing augmented reality systems and teleoperation techniques for enhanced visual analysis and task performance in hostile environments. One particular current project in the UK is addressing the development of stereo vision systems, augmented reality, image processing techniques and specialist robotic vehicles which may be used for the future examination and maintenance of underground sewage pipes. This paper describes the components of the stereo vision and augmented reality system and illustrates some preliminary results of the use of the stereo robotic system mounted on a mobile laboratory vehicle and calibrated using a pin-hole camera model.
CDK4/6 inhibitors target SMARCA4-determined cyclin D1 deficiency in hypercalcemic small cell carcinoma of the ovary (2019)

Inactivating mutations in SMARCA4 (BRG1), a key SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling gene, underlie small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). To reveal its druggable vulnerabilities, we perform kinase-focused RNAi screens and uncover that SMARCA4-deficient SCCOHT cells are highly sensitive to the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6). SMARCA4 loss causes profound downregulation of cyclin D1, which limits CDK4/6 kinase activity in SCCOHT cells and leads to in vitro and in vivo susceptibility to CDK4/6 inhibitors. SCCOHT patient tumors are deficient in cyclin D1 yet retain the retinoblastoma-proficient/p16<sup>INK4a</sup>-deficient profile associated with positive responses to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Thus, our findings indicate that CDK4/6 inhibitors, approved for a breast cancer subtype addicted to CDK4/6 activation, could be repurposed to treat SCCOHT. Moreover, our study suggests a novel paradigm whereby critically low oncogene levels, caused by loss of a driver tumor suppressor, may also be exploited therapeutically.
Use of Ring Pessaries (1948)

say, 30 seconds.-I am, etc., London.