gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> manipulates systemic plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores (2005)

Many pathogens are virulent because they specifically interfere with host defense responses and therefore can proliferate. Here, we report that virulent strains of the bacterial phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae induce systemic susceptibility to secondary P. syringae infection in the host plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This systemic induced susceptibility (SIS) is in direct contrast to the well studied avirulence/R gene-dependent resistance response known as the hypersensitive response that elicits systemic acquired resistance. We show that P. syringae-elicited SIS is caused by the production of coronatine (COR), a pathogen-derived functional and structural mimic of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA). These data suggest that SIS may be a consequence of the previously described mutually antagonistic interaction between the salicylic acid and JA signaling pathways. Virulent P. syringae also has the potential to induce net systemic susceptibility to herbivory by an insect (Trichoplusia ni, cabbage looper), but this susceptibility is not caused by COR. Rather, consistent with its role as a JA mimic, COR induces systemic resistance to T. ni. These data highlight the complexity of defense signaling interactions among plants, pathogens, and herbivores.
Highly efficient photoluminescent graphene oxide with tunable surface properties (2010)

A bright blue fluorescent graphene oxide that originates from passivation of surface reactive sites by amide formation and ring-opening amination of epoxide has been prepared. The surface polarity and charges of the fluorescent graphene oxide can synchronously be tuned by varying the used alkylamines.
Correlated double sampling in capacitive position sensing circuits for micromachined applications (2002)

In micromachined applications, the size of the sense capacitance is typically limited by the technology to a few hundreds femtofarads, thus resulting in a large sampling (kT/C) noise. This paper demonstrates that correlated double sampling (CDS), which has traditionally been used to remove the amplifier offset and attenuate the 1/f noise, can be extended to cancel the kT/C noise and the switch charge injection due to switching operations. A 4 dB noise reduction in the prototype sensing circuit confirms this concept. By optimizing the thermal noise of the amplifier, analytical results show that the kT/C noise cancellation can reduce the thermal noise of the sensing circuit by as much as 20 dB.
Towards NFV-based multimedia delivery (2015)

The popularity of multimedia services offered over the Internet have increased tremendously during the last decade. The technologies that are used to deliver these services are evolving at a rapidly increasing pace. However, new technologies often demand updating the dedicated hardware (e.g., transcoders) that is required to deliver the services. Currently, these updates require installing the physical building blocks at different locations across the network. These manual interventions are time-consuming and extend the Time to Market of new and improved services, reducing their monetary benefits. To alleviate the aforementioned issues, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) was introduced by decoupling the network functions from the physical hardware and by leveraging IT virtualization technology to allow running Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) on commodity hardware at datacenters across the network. In this paper, we investigate how existing service chains can be mapped onto NFV-based Service Function Chains (SFCs). Furthermore, the different alternative SFCs are explored and their impact on network and datacenter resources (e.g., bandwidth, storage) are quantified. We propose to use these findings to cost-optimally distribute datacenters across an Internet Service Provider (ISP) network.
Expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 by reactive astrocytes. (1990)

After an injury to the central nervous system, a dramatic change in the astrocytes bordering the wound occurs. The most characteristic feature of this process, termed reactive gliosis, is the upregulation of the intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein. In the present study, we show that reactive astrocytes express high levels of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2), a protein normally found in the somatodendritic compartment of neurons. When sections of injured brain are double-stained with antibodies directed against MAP-2 and glial fibrillary protein, all of the reactive astrocytes are found to contain MAP-2. The high levels of this protein appear to represent a permanent change in reactive astrocytes. In parallel quantitative studies, an elevated level of MAP-2 in the injured brain is confirmed by an immunoblot analysis of injured and normal white matter. This report demonstrates the direct involvement of a microtubule protein in the process of reactive gliosis.
A Novel Millimeter-Wave Dual-Fed Phased Array for Beam Steering (2013)

A novel beam-steering approach is presented based on the superposition of two squinted antenna beams. The two antenna beams are realized by exciting the opposite feeds of a dual-fed array antenna. A change in phase difference and amplitude ratio between the input signals, possibly using only one phase shifter and one variable gain amplifier, steers the main beam in different directions. Additionally, sum and difference patterns can be obtained using this concept, allowing for a monopulse operation with a broad peak or a deep null at broadside. Using this approach, beam nulls can also be steered toward interference directions, while keeping the shape and direction of the main beam unchanged. To verify the concept, a 77-GHz demonstrator using a linear patch array antenna and monolithic microwave integrated circuit in-phase/quadrature modulators has been designed and fabricated. The measurement results show a beam-scanning range of 16 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> , well in accord with the simulation results.
GaAs dual-gate MESFET's (1978)

Performance of GaAs dual-gate MESFET, including high-frequency noise behavior, was analyzed on the basis of Statz's model. Under the design considerations developed from the analysis, fabrication and characterization of a prototype device were carried out. The present analysis was confirmed to reproduce satisfactorily the performance observed. Minimum noise figure and associated gain observed in the device with two 1-µm gates were; 1.2 dB and 16.7 dB at 4 GHz, 2.2 dB and 16.3 dB at 8 GHz, and 3.2 dB and 12.6 dB at 12 GHz, respectively. More than 35-dB gain controllability was also obtained at 8 GHz.
<i>Watermelon chlorotic stunt</i> and <i>Squash leaf curl</i> begomoviruses—New threats to cucurbit crops in the Middle East (2010)

During the year 2002, two new diseases with unknown etiologies were detected in cucurbit crops in Israel. One disease was detected in squash fields throughout the country, while the second appeared in a single watermelon plot in the south, just outside the city of Elat. The infected watermelon plot was eradicated, but nonetheless the new disease spread throughout the country and today it is present in all the watermelon production areas. Both diseases were associated with elevated whitefly populations. Indeed, it was found that both are transmitted only by whiteflies, and are incited by two begomoviruses. Both viruses were cloned and sequenced, and were identified as Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) and Squash leaf curl virus (SLCV). The host range of the Israeli WmCSV isolate (WmCSV-IL) was determined and resembles the host range of the three other known WmCSV isolates (from Yemen, Sudan, and Iran), but with a few differences. Although no genetic resistance to WmCSV was observed in cultivated wat...
Computer modeling: a first course in design computing (1990)

<p>Computation in design has long been a focus in our department. In recent years our faculty has paid particular attention to the use of computation in professional architectural education. The result is a shared vision of computers in the curriculum [Woodbury 1985] and a set of courses, some with considerable historyland others just now being initiated. We (Dave and Woodbury) have jointly developed and at various times over the last seven years have taught Computer Modelling, the most introductory of these courses. This is a required course for all the incoming freshmen students in the department. In this paper we describe Computer Modelling: its context, the issues and topics it addresses, the tasks it requires of students, and the questions and opportunities that it raises. Computer Modelling is a course about concepts, about ways of explicitly understanding design and its relation to computation. Procedural skills and algorithmic problem solving techniques are given only secondary emphasis. In essential terms, the course is about models, of design processes, of designed objects, of computation and of computational design. Its lessons are intended to communicate a structure of such models to students and through this structure to demonstrate a relationship between computation and design. It is hoped that this structure can be used as a framework, around which students can continue to develop an understanding of computers in design.</p>
Expression of recombinant genes in eukaryotic systems (1999)

Analysis of Gene Expression: E.A. Winzeler, M. Schena, and R.W. Davis, Fluorescence-Based Expression Monitoring Using Microarrays. S. Geisse and H.P. Kocher, Protein Expression in Mammalian and Insect Cell Systems. S. Fiering, M.A. Bender, and M. Groudine, Analysis of Mammalian Cis-Regulatory DNA Elements by Homologous Recombination. M.W. Sornson and M.G. Rosenfeld, GDRDA-Based Positional Cloning and Snorthern Analysis of Candidate Genes. Gene Expression Systems for Functional Analysis: B. Zhang, B. Kraemer, D. SenGupta, S. Fields, and M. Wickens, Yeast Three-Hybrid System to Detect and Analyze Interactions Between RNA and Protein. L.R. Manning, A. Dumoulin, W.T. Jenkins, R.M. Winslow, and J.M. Manning, Estimating Subunit Dissociation Constants in Natural and Recombinant Proteins. P.P. D'Avino and C.S. Thummel, Ectopic Expression Systems in Drosophila. Yeast Expression Systems: S. Labbe and D.J. Thiele, Copper Ion Inducible and Repressible Promoter Systems in Yeast. S.A. Rosenfeld, Use of Pichia pastoris for Expression of Recombinant Proteins. L.A. Coury, M.L. Zeidel, and J.L. Brodsky, Use of Yeast sec6 Mutant for Purification of Vesicles Containing Recombinant Membrane Proteins. K.R. Peterson, Use of Yeast Artificial Chromosomes to Express Genes in Transgenic Mice. RNA-Based Control of Recombinant Gene Expression: M. Kruger, C. Beger, and F. Wong-Staal, Use of Ribozymes to Inhibit Gene Expression. J.L. Davis, P.R. Gross, and O. Danos, Translational Control of Gene Expression Using Retroviral Vectors with Iron Response Elements. J.D. Thompson, Strategies to Express Structural and Catalytic RNAs in Mammalian Cells. R. Pollock and V.M. Rivera, Regulation of Gene Expression with Synthetic Dimerizers. Y. Wang, S.Y. Tsai, and B.W. O'Malley, Antiprogestin Regulable Gene Switch for Induction of Gene Expression in Vivo. Viral Systems for Recombinant Gene Expression: P. Cantalupo, M.T. Saenz-Robles, and J.M. Pipas, Expression of SV40 Large T Antigen in Baculovirus Systems and Purification by Immunoaffinity Chromatography. D. Mackey and B. Sugden, Applications of oriP Plasmids and Their Mode of Replication. I. Verma, Gene Vector Development and Regulated Gene Expression in Viral Vectors. S. Khan, HPV Vectors for Gene Transfer and Gene Expression in vivo. B. Moss, Use of Poxvirus Expression Vectors. M.E. Garber, P. Wei, G. Cadenas, and K.A. Jones, Protein and RNA Affinity Selection Techniques Using HIV-1 Tat. N.A. DeLuca, Understanding of HSV Gene Regulation in vivo. F. Tufaro, Genetic Manipulation of HSV Using Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes.
A vaccinia-based single vector construct multi-pathogen vaccine protects against both Zika and chikungunya viruses (2018)

Zika and chikungunya viruses have caused major epidemics and are transmitted by Aedes aegypti and/or Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The "Sementis Copenhagen Vector" (SCV) system is a recently developed vaccinia-based, multiplication-defective, vaccine vector technology that allows manufacture in modified CHO cells. Herein we describe a single-vector construct SCV vaccine that encodes the structural polyprotein cassettes of both Zika and chikungunya viruses from different loci. A single vaccination of mice induces neutralizing antibodies to both viruses in wild-type and IFNAR<sup>-/-</sup> mice and protects against (i) chikungunya virus viremia and arthritis in wild-type mice, (ii) Zika virus viremia and fetal/placental infection in female IFNAR<sup>-/-</sup> mice, and (iii) Zika virus viremia and testes infection and pathology in male IFNAR<sup>-/-</sup> mice. To our knowledge this represents the first single-vector construct, multi-pathogen vaccine encoding large polyproteins, and offers both simplified manufacturing and formulation, and reduced "shot burden" for these often co-circulating arboviruses.
Indications and limitations for a neonatal pulse oximetry screening of critical congenital heart disease (2005)

Our findings indicate that pulse oximetry is a non-invasive and specific screening tool for an early detection of CCVMs, and is easily applicable to a small size nursery.
Communication and camouflage with the same ‘bright’ colours in reef fishes (2000)

Reef fishes present the observer with the most diverse and stunning assemblage of animal colours anywhere on earth. The functions of some of these colours and their combinations are examined using new non-subjective spectrophotometric measurements of the colours of fishes and their habitat. Conclusions reached are as follows: (i) the spectra of colours in high spatial frequency patterns are often well designed to be very conspicuous to a colour vision system at close range but well camouflaged at a distance; (ii) blue and yellow, the most frequently used colours in reef fishes, may be good for camouflage or communication depending on the background they are viewed against; and (iii) reef fishes use a combination of colour and behaviour to regulate their conspicuousness and crypsis.
Extruded continuous filament nonwovens: Advances in scientific aspects (2001)

Abstract Continous filament nonwovens are fabrics produced by the direct lay processes, wherein webs are made directly from fibers as they are being spun from molten plastics. These processes eliminate intermediate steps in the production of fabrics, and they provide opportunities for increasing production and cost reduction, although the flexibility in product ranges might be limited. The two important processes in this category are spunbonding and meltblowing. In spunbonding, the fabrics are produced by depositing extruded spun filaments onto a collecting belt followed by bonding of the fibers. There are several process variables that have an impact on the structure and properties of the fibers, and consequently on the structure and properties of the bonded fabric. Although there has been a significant technological advance, the scientific understanding of the process has been limited. Effects of some of these variables have been investigated over the past few years. There has also been some effort to simulate the process by mathematical modeling. A summary of the advances in understanding the evolution of structure and properties during filament formation and thermal bonding is discussed in this paper. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 572–585, 2002
Evaluation and management of metabolic and coagulative disorders in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (2003)

A number of metabolic disorders, including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, elevated fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus, were reported in a high proportion of HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Less frequently, coagulative disorders were described in patients receiving HAART. Since all these metabolic disorders may predispose to coronary heart disease, an early evaluation and treatment is advisable. Existing guidelines for uninfected patients may be applied, taking into account, however, the potential for drug interactions and accumulated toxicity. It may be helpful to stratify all patients in three risk groups to plan regular diagnostic screening. Treatment of dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus should include a first-line approach with non-pharmacological interventions. Statins and fibrates are proposed for HIV-infected patients with HAART-related hyperlipidemia, but concern has been raised on their potential for interaction with antiretrovirals and hepatic and muscle toxicity. Metformin and thiazolidenediones (or glitazones), hypoglycemic agents that increase insulin sensitivity, are presently under evaluation in diabetic and glucose-intolerant HIV-infected patients treated with HAART. Glitazones also have a potential for ameliorating the lipodystrophic syndrome. The routine evaluation of coagulative parameters is probably not advisable until a benefit of widespread screening is assessed in prospective studies. A heightened awareness of the possiblity of coagulative disorders, together with controlled trials and basic research, is needed.
Quicksilver: Fast Predictive Image Registration - a Deep Learning Approach (2017)

This paper introduces Quicksilver, a fast deformable image registration method. Quicksilver registration for image-pairs works by patch-wise prediction of a deformation model based directly on image appearance. A deep encoder-decoder network is used as the prediction model. While the prediction strategy is general, we focus on predictions for the Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping (LDDMM) model. Specifically, we predict the momentum-parameterization of LDDMM, which facilitates a patch-wise prediction strategy while maintaining the theoretical properties of LDDMM, such as guaranteed diffeomorphic mappings for sufficiently strong regularization. We also provide a probabilistic version of our prediction network which can be sampled during the testing time to calculate uncertainties in the predicted deformations. Finally, we introduce a new correction network which greatly increases the prediction accuracy of an already existing prediction network. We show experimental results for uni-modal atlas-to-image as well as uni- / multi- modal image-to-image registrations. These experiments demonstrate that our method accurately predicts registrations obtained by numerical optimization, is very fast, achieves state-of-the-art registration results on four standard validation datasets, and can jointly learn an image similarity measure. Quicksilver is freely available as an open-source software.
Effect of Controlled κ-Casein Hydrolysis on Rheological Properties of Acid Milk Gels (2003)

An experimental method based on the controlled chymosin-induced kappa-casein hydrolysis of milk was proposed to modify micellar reactivity. Milk samples with a degree of kappa-casein hydrolysis of 19, 35, and 51% were obtained. The physicochemical properties of partially converted casein micelles were determined. The net negative charge of casein micelles was reduced with increasing degree of kappa-casein hydrolysis and a small but significant decrease in hydrodynamic diameter and micellar hydration were noted. Dynamic low amplitude oscillatory rheology was used to monitor the rheological properties of acid milk gels (GDL) made with partially chymosin-hydrolyzed milks in comparison with those of strictly acid and rennet gels. An increase in the gelation pH value was observed with increasing the degree of kappa-casein hydrolysis. The moduli values (G' and G'') reached 2 h after the point of gel were, for all degrees of hydrolysis tested, significantly higher than those of strictly rennet and acid gels. Comparison of changes in delta G'/delta t with time indicated differences in gel formation that could be related to the increased values of G' obtained for acid gel made with chymosin-treated milk. At a given time after gelation (2 h), increasing the degree of kappa-casein hydrolysis in milk led also to an increase in the loss tangent and the serum holding capacity of acid milk gels suggesting a correlation between these two parameters.
Single-crystal GaN/Gd2O3/GaN heterostructure (2002)

Heteroepitaxy of single-crystal Gd2O3 on GaN (with a wurtzite hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure) and single-crystal GaN on Gd2O3 was achieved. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction reveals a sixfold symmetry in the in-plane epitaxy of the rare earth oxide on GaN and also in the overgrowth of GaN on the oxide. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction measurements find that these single-crystal oxide films are indeed the high temperature hexagonal phases of the sesquioxides, stabilized by the GaN substrate epitaxy. Despite a large mismatch in the lattice constant, the fully relaxed oxide films are of excellent structural quality. The x-ray diffraction results revealed that the GaN grown on the rare earth oxide is a single-crystal and has the same crystallographic hcp structure as the underlying GaN. The structures of both layers of GaN were also studied by cross section transmission electron microscopy.
Parallel Connected 12 Pulse Rectifier using Inter Phase Transformer (2015)

This paper presents simulation and analysis of twelve pulse rectifier transformer unit configured in series and also in parallel to have higher current capability and reduced harmonics, which creates the current imbalance and hence circulating current can be observed with parallel connection. Balanced current can be achieved with the introduction of Inter Phase Transformer (IPT) while paralleling two six pulse rectifier in rectifier transformer unit. PSCAD is used for performing all the simulations. Keywords: Circulating Current, Harmonics, Inter Phase Transformer
Studies in Wound Healing. III. Contraction in Vit. C Deficiency (1959)

Full thickness skin wounds in scorbutic guinea pigs contract at same rate during the first 2 weeks of healing as do those in normal animals. There appears to be a delay in initiation of contraction. Significance of these observations is discussed.
Molecular control mechanisms of lysine and threonine biosynthesis in amino acid-producing corynebacteria: Redirecting carbon flow (1996)

Threonine and lysine are two of the economically most important essential amino acids. They are produced industrially by species of the genera Corynebacterium and Brevibacterium. The branched biosynthetic pathway of these amino acids in corynebacteria is unusual in gene organization and in the control of key enzymatic steps with respect to other microorganisms. This article reviews the molecular control mechanisms of the biosynthetic pathways leading to threonine and lysine in corynebacteria, and their implications in the production of these amino acids. Carbon flux can be redirected at branch points by gene disruption of the competing pathways for lysine or threonine. Removal of bottlenecks has been achieved by amplification of genes which encode feedback resistant aspartokinase and homoserine dehydrogenase (obtained by in vitro directed mutagenesis).