gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 0.54-0.55 THz 2&#x00D7;4 coherent source array with EIRP of 24.4 dBm in 65nm CMOS technology (2015)

This paper presents a monolithically integrated 2×4 coherent source array operating at 0.54-0.55 Tera-Hertz (THz) in 65nm digital CMOS technology. The source array contains 20 oscillating elements which can radiate in-phase THz signal via each of their own differential slot ring antennas. Each of the oscillating elements is made of a triple-pushed Colpitts voltage controlled oscillator (TPCVCO). Among these oscillating elements, 16 are used for radiation source cores and 4 are used for synchronization bridges. The source array is tested to radiate 61 and 126 μW peak power near 0.55 THz by consuming 0.5 and 1.3W DC power, respectively. According to measured antenna directivity of 36.4dBi and simulated radiation efficiency of 50%, source array's Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) can be estimated as 21.2 and 24.4 dBm, respectively. The output spectrum can also be tuned from 0.54 to 0.55 THz by varying the transistor bulk voltage. The measured phase noise is -79dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the 1st coherent THz source made of monolithically integrated silicon IC technology beyond 0.5 THz.
Reconfiguring processor arrays using multiple-track models: the 3-track-1-spare-approach (1993)

Present new results on systematic procedures for reconfiguring processor arrays in the presence of faulty processors. In particular, the authors consider models that use multiple tracks along every channel and a single spare row (or column) of processing elements (PEs) along each boundary of the array. In the presence of faulty PEs the general methodology for reconfiguration involves replacing every faulty PE logically (rather than physically) by a spare PE through a sequence of logical substitutions; these sequences of substitutions are referred to as compensation paths. The authors show that if there exists a set of compensation paths subjected only to the constraints of continuity and nonintersection, then routing channels with three tracks are enough for the reconfiguration of the array. They refer to the underlying model as a S-track-l-spare model; this is done to distinguish it from other models that not only use multiple tracks but also multiple spare rows (or columns) along each boundary. An efficient algorithm for reconfiguration in our 3-track-1-spare model is presented and its performance evaluated. Experimental results show that the 3-track-1-spare model has much higher reconfiguration probability than other models that use considerably more spare processors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Physical Properties and Clinical Characteristics of Ceramic Brackets: A Comprehensive Review (2007)

The popularity and clinical uses of ceramic bracket is increasing in the contemporary orthodontics. This article provides the clinician an up-to-date knowledge on the physical properties and clinical characteristics of ceramic brackets. It critically discusses the various aspects of ceramic brackets with regards to the composition, types, base characteristic, physical properties, enamel and bracket fracture, frictional resistance, bond strength, debonding methods, bracket recycling and potential clinical problems and their managements.
The response to dietary treatment of patients with chronic post-infectious diarrhea and lactose intolerance. (1990)

The response to dietary treatment of patients with chronic post-infectious diarrhea and lactose intolerance was prospectively studied in 29 infants less than 1 year of age. All had gastroenteritis with diarrhea which persisted for more than 3 weeks. In the hospital, diarrhea continued and lactose intolerance was documented while being fed half-strength cow's milk formula. They were given dietary treatment with one of three formulas used for treatment of diarrhea in infancy. Improvement of diarrhea was more frequently achieved with Pregestimil when given as the initial therapy than with the other two formulas. With Pregestimil nine of 10 patients improved whereas only four of nine infants fed Portagen and one of 10 patients initially treated with soy formula improved. Pregestimil was also effective in three of five patients who initially failed to improve with Portagen and in four of eight patients tried with soy formula with or without carbohydrate. Additionally, in the patients who improved, recovery was more rapidly achieved with Pregestimil than with the other two formulas. Formula failures were due to intolerance to glucose polymers in three patients, possibly to protein in seven infants, and an intolerance to all nutrients in five patients. The improvement of the diarrhea was slower in patients who had evidence of colitis in rectal biopsies regardless of the dietary treatment given, but was not correlated with other variables, i.e., etiology of diarrhea, jejunal histology, or duration of diarrhea prior to treatment. However, as a group, the patients who failed to respond to Pregestimil were younger (less than 3 months of age), had more formula changes and associated infections, and were given more antibiotics; they also had more prolonged diarrhea before treatment and more severe jejunal mucosal lesions and jejunal bacterial overgrowth. The data suggests that Pregestimil seems to be the most effective formula for the treatment of infants with chronic post-infectious diarrhea and lactose intolerance.
Acute rapamycin nephrotoxicity in native kidneys of patients with chronic glomerulopathies (2004)

Rapamycin can cause nephrotoxicity in some patients with chronic glomerulopathies. Whether the toxicity is solely related to rapamycin, due to the combination of proteinuria and rapamycin, or other unknown factor use is presently undetermined.
2.5 Gb/s transmission over 674 km at multiple wavelengths using a tunable DBR laser with an integrated electroabsorption modulator (1993)

We present a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser/modulator photonic integrated circuit capable of transmission over 674 km of conventional fiber at 2.5 Gb/s. Transmission was performed at four wavelengths over a range of >4 nm. The bit error rate (BER) sensitivity achieved at each wavelength varied by less than 1.1 dB. These results produce a record bit rate-distance product at each wavelength of 1.7 Tb.km/s for monolithic transmitters through nondispersion shifted fiber. Such devices are ideal sources for multichannel wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Deputy Principalship: Retrospect and Prospect (1994)

The deputy principalship is one of the least understood roles in the schools of the restructured education systems of Australia. Little attention has been given by educational policy makers, academics and researchers as to how the deputy principal should contribute to the essential functions of the self‐managing school. Uses the research literature to identify the traditional role of the deputy principal and the factors which have constrained the evolution of the role. Assesses the effects of current policy initiatives for the deputy principalship in Australian education. An emergent facet of the role is proposed which gives greater emphasis to educational leadership in an administrative team. The failure of practitioners to make use of opportunities to reconceptualize the deputy principalship will marginalize the role to the central functions of the self‐managing school.
Synthesis, processing and export of cytoplasmic endo‐β‐1,4‐xylanase from barley aleurone during germination (2001)

We have identified the major endo-beta-1,4-xylanase (XYN-1) in the aleurone of germinating barley grain, and show that it is expressed as a precursor of Mr 61 500 with both N- and C-terminal propeptides. XYN-1 is synthesized as an inactive enzyme in the cytoplasm, and only becomes active at a late stage of germination when the aleurone ceases to secrete hydrolases. A series of processing steps, mediated in part by aleurone cysteine endoproteases, yields a mature active enzyme of Mr 34 000. Processing and extracellular release of the mature enzyme coincide with the programmed cell death (PCD)-regulated disintegration of aleurone cells. We discuss the significance of delayed aleurone cell-wall degradation by endoxylanases in relation to the secretory capacity of the aleurone, and propose a novel role for aleurone PCD in facilitating the export of hydrolases.
Real-time Object Detection by Road Plane Segmentation Technique for ADAS (2012)

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are used for assisting the drivers by providing advice and warnings when necessary. CTA (Cross Traffic Alert) systems are a subset of ADAS used for detecting objects (viz., cars, trucks, pedestrians, static objects etc) by using one or more moving cameras, mounted on a vehicle. Usually, CTA systems can detect moving objects within region of interest (ROI). These systems have limitations in detecting static objects present in the RoI and often they fail to detect the objects in shadow regions. Moreover, such systems sometimes detect shadows as the objects. This paper presents a histogram back-projection based road-plane segmentation technique. Histogram back-projections' are applied on saturation and value channels of the video, to detect moving and non moving objects in the ROI. Robustness to the shadow is achieved by applying a logical operation on the back-projections of the saturation and the value channels of the video. Effectiveness of the technique is evaluated by applying the technique on several videos, captured under different scenarios, and by measuring true negatives and false positives for the objects. The technique is suitable for real time applications and can be employed in automatic back-up assistance during the host vehicle parking, blind spot detection, pedestrian detection, and other camera applications for the detection of the objects.
METAL COMPLEX MEDIATED ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM (1981)

Abstract A series of bathophenanthroline metal complexes effectively mediated electron transport, coupled with their redox properties.
Insomnia in primary care patients. (1999)

The primary care population has a higher prevalence of insomnia than the general population, probably because of concomitant psychiatric and medical illnesses. Although many of the characteristics of the sleep complaints are easily detected, most patients with insomnia are not treated effectively.
Multiplex analysis of two intragenic microsatellite repeat polymorphisms in the genetic diagnosis of haemophilia A (1994)

Use of molecular genetic studies for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of haemophilia A will be informative in approximately 75% of kindreds with a prior history of the disorder if previously reported bi-allelic intragenic polymorphisms are used. In this study we report the use of two multi-allelic, microsatellite repeat polymorphisms within the factor VIII gene in genetic testing for this disease. These two, dinucleotide repeat, polymorphisms have been analysed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol, and results can be available within 3 d of receipt of samples. At the intron 13 polymorphic locus we have confirmed the original observation of eight alleles, whilst at the intron 22 locus, in contrast to a preliminary report of this polymorphism, we have seen five alleles. We have analysed 32 families (174 subjects) with the two microsatellite repeat markers and have found that using these two polymorphisms alone, 81% of families are informative for linkage analysis. The intron 13 repeat was informative in 22/31 families tested (71%) and the intron 22 polymorphism was informative in 12/17 families (71%). We have also found that in 11/32 families tested (34%) the microsatellite repeats were the only informative intragenic markers. In view of these observations, we believe that the most effective strategy for initiating haemophilia A genetic testing is to combine the multiplex PCR analysis of the intron 13 and 22 dinucleotide repeats with the PCR analysis of the intron 18 BclI marker. In our population this protocol provided informative results in approximately 88% of families and results can be available within 3 d of receiving the samples for testing.
Evaluation of NUMA memory management through modeling and measurements (1992)

Dynamic page placement policies for NUMA (nonuniform memory access time) shared-memory architectures are explored using two approaches that complement each other in important ways. The authors measure the performance of parallel programs running on the experimental DUnX operating system kernel for the BBN GP1000, which supports a highly parameterized dynamic page placement policy. They also develop and apply an analytic model of memory system performance of a local/remote NUMA architecture based on approximate mean-value analysis techniques. The model is validated against experimental data obtained with DUnX while running a synthetic workload. The results of this validation show that, in general, model predictions are quite good. Experiments investigating the effectiveness of dynamic page-placement and, in particular, dynamic multiple-copy page placement the cost of replication/coherency fault errors, and the cost of errors in deciding whether a page should move or be remotely referenced are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and Fabrication of Fibrous Nanomaterials Using Pull Spinning (2017)

The assembly of natural and synthetic polymers into fibrous nanomaterials has applications ranging from textiles, tissue engineering, photonics, and catalysis. However, rapid manufacturing of these materials is challenging, as the state of the art in nanofiber assembly remains limited by factors such as solution polarity, production rate, applied electric fields, or temperature. Here, the design and development of a rapid nanofiber manufacturing system termed pull spinning is described. Pull spinning is compact and portable, consisting of a high‐speed rotating bristle that dips into a polymer or protein reservoir and pulls a droplet from solution into a nanofiber. When multiple layers of nanofibers are collected, they form a nonwoven network whose composition, orientation, and function can be adapted to multiple applications. The capability of pull spinning to function as a rapid, point‐of‐use fiber manufacturing platform is demonstrated for both muscle tissue engineering and textile design. image
CXXXV.—The preparation of disulphides. Part III. The nitrobenzyl disulphides (1908)

T. S. Price and D. F. Twiss, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1908, 93, 1401 DOI: 10.1039/CT9089301401
Host-Based Data Exfiltration Detection via System Call Sequences (2011)

The host-based detection of malicious data exfiltration activities is currently a sparse area of research and mostly limited to methods that analyze network traffic or signature based detection methods that target specific processes. In this paper we explore an alternative method to host-based detection that exploits sequences of system calls and new collection methods that allow us to catch these activities in real time. We show that system calls sequences can be found to reach a steady state across processes and users, and explore the viability of new methods as heuristics for profiling user behaviors.
<i>In Vivo</i> Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with a Tumor-Specific Adenoviral Vector Expressing Interleukin-2 (1997)

A recombinant adenovirus (AdVAFP1-IL2) containing the murine alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter was constructed to direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-specific expression of the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene. In vitro testing of AdVAFP1-IL2 showed HCC-specific IL-2 gene expression three to four orders of magnitude higher in AFP-producing HCC lines compared to non-AFP producing non-HCC lines. The in vivo efficacy and tumor specificity of AdVAFP1-IL2 was evaluated compared to AdVCMV-IL2 (in which the IL-2 gene is driven by the strong constitutive cytomegalovirus promoter) in the treatment of established human HCC (Hep 3B/Hep G2) xenografts growing in CB-17/SCID mice. Intratumoral injection of AdV resulted in growth retardation and regression in a majority of established hepatomas, but with a much wider therapeutic index and less systemic toxicity using the AFP vector. This study illustrates the superiority of using transcriptionally targeted recombinant AdV vectors in cytokine-based gene therapy.
Operation of a Fixed Capacitor-Thyristor Controlled Reactor (FC-TCR) Power Factor Compensator (1985)

A fixed capacitor-thyristor controlled reactor (FC-TCR) type of power factor compensator with thyristor-controlled series R-L load is analysed using an approximate and also a more exact circuit. The variation of power and power factor before and after compensation is examined for both cases. It is shown that considerable power factor improvement can be achieved in the circuit for low values of load thyristor firing- angle. However, for higher values of firing-angle, any improvement is obtained at the expense of additional. power losses.
A Review of Keratinocyte Delivery to the Wound Bed (2004)

Over the last 20 years, confluent sheets of cultured epithelial autograft have been used for patients with major burns. Problems with the lack of "take" and long-term durability, as well as the time delay to produce such grafts, have led to the development of delivery systems to transfer keratinocytes to the wound bed. This review article describes the problems of using cultured epithelial autograft and the advantages of using preconfluent keratinocytes. Despite the numerous delivery systems that have been reported, most studies are limited to animal wound bed models. There are a few small clinical studies that have demonstrated enhanced healing using mainly subjective methods. There is a need for controlled, randomized clinical trials to prove the efficacy of keratinocyte delivery systems. Proposals for the use of this technology are made.
Biological Therapies for Cardiac Arrhythmias (2010)

Cardiac rhythm disorders reflect failures of impulse generation and/or conduction. With the exception of ablation methods that yield selective endocardial destruction, present therapies are nonspecific and/or palliative. Progress in understanding the underlying biology opens up prospects for new alternatives. This article reviews the present state of the art in gene- and cell-based therapies to correct cardiac rhythm disturbances. We begin with the rationale for such approaches, briefly discuss efforts to address aspects of tachyarrhythmia, and review advances in creating a biological pacemaker to cure bradyarrhythmia. Insights gained bring the field closer to a paradigm shift away from devices and drugs, and toward biologics, in the treatment of rhythm disorders.
Cardiovascular actions of a novel NO‐independent guanylyl cyclase stimulator, BAY 41‐8543: <i>in vivo</i> studies (2002)

BAY 41-8543 is a novel non-NO-based stimulator of sGC. This study investigates the acute effects of BAY 41-8543 on haemodynamics in anaesthetized rats and dogs, its long-term effects in conscious hypertension rat models and its antiplatelet effects. In anaesthetized dogs, intravenous injections of BAY 41-8543 (3 - 100 microg kg(-1)) caused a dose-dependent decrease in blood pressure and cardiac oxygen consumption as well as an increase in coronary blood flow and heart rate. In anaesthetized normotensive rats, BAY 41-8543 produced a dose-dependent and long-lasting blood pressure lowering effect after intravenous (3 - 300 microg kg(-1)) and oral (0.1 - 1 mg kg(-1)) administration. A dose-dependent and long-lasting decrease in blood pressure was also observed in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats with a threshold dose of 0.1 mg kg(-1) p.o. After 3 mg kg(-1) the antihypertensive effect lasted for nearly 24 h. After multiple dosages, BAY 41-8543 did not develop tachyphylaxis in SHR. BAY 41-8543 prolonged the rat tail bleeding time and reduced thrombosis in the FeCl(3) thrombosis model after oral administration. In a low NO, high renin rat model of hypertension, BAY 41-8543 prevented the increase in blood pressure evoked by L-NAME and reveals a kidney protective effect. In this model, the overall beneficial effects of BAY 41-8543 manifested as both antiplatelet effect and vasodilatation were reflected in a significant reduction in mortality. The pharmacological profile of BAY 41-8543 suggests therefore that this compound has the potential to be an important research tool for in vivo investigations in the sGC/cGMP field and it also has the potential of being a unique clinical utility for treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
A Comparison of Underlining Strategies for Improving Reading Comprehension and Retention. (1978)

Much interest currently exists in topics related to the improvement of learning through such avenues as “mathemagenic activities,” and a considerable amount of research has been done recently in the area of visual cueing as a learning enhancement technique. This paper is restricted to a discussion of one visual cueing technique underlining and some implications arising from underlining research. A COMPARISON OF UNDERLYING STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION AND RETENTION
Tunable cw solid state laser action in the 2-μm region (1990)

The 2-micron spectral region containing several strong molecular absorption bands such as carbon dioxide and water is reviewed. Tunable CW-laser action from resonantly pumped trivalent thulium is considered. A thulium-laser operating scheme is presented, and attention is given to the laser transition and laser cavity. The tuning range of a CW Tm:YAG laser at room temperature is analyzed, along with its output spectrum. Tunable laser performance in YAG codoped with trivalent thulium and trivalent holmium is investigated, and it is concluded that the output efficiency is better for the codoped laser than for the singly doped Tm(3+) laser in the range of 2.09 - 2.12 micron, but the overall tuning range and efficiency is better for the singly doped laser
Monomeric Formaldehyde in Ethereal Solution (1990)

Ethereal solns. of monomeric formaldehyde can be conveniently prepd. from paraformaldehyde and p-toluenesulfonic anhydride and offer practical advantages in org. synthesis. [on SciFinder (R)]
Responsive Polymers for Crop Protection (2010)

This review outlines the responsive polymer methods currently in use with their potential application to plant protection and puts forward plant-specific mechanisms as stimuli in newly devised methods for smart release of crop protection agents (CPAs). CPAs include chemicals (fungicides, insecticides, herbicides), biochemicals (antibiotics, RNA-based vaccines for plant viruses), semiochemicals (pheromones, repellents, allomones), microbial pesticides, growth regulators (insect and plant) or micronutrients, all with crop protection effects. This appraisal focuses on emerging uses of polymer nano-encapsulated CPAs. Firstly, the most interesting advances in controlled release methods are critically discussed with their advantages and drawbacks. Secondly, several plant-specific stimuli-based smart methods are anticipated for use alongside the polymer nano- or micro-capsules. These new CPA release methods are designed to (i) protect plants against infection produced by fungi or bacteria, and (ii) apply micro-nutrients when the plants need it the most. Thus, we foresee (i) the responsive release of nano- encapsulated bio-insecticides regulated by plant stress enzymes, and (ii) the delivery of micro-nutrients synchronized by the nature or intensity of plant root exudates. Such continued advances of nano-scale smart polymer-based CPAs for the protection of crops herald a “small revolution” for the benefit of sustainable agriculture.