gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Radial Position Control Method of Bearingless Motor Based on d - Q -Axis Current Control (2013)

This paper presents a radial position control method of bearingless motor (BELM) based on a d-q-axis current control and an integrated winding arrangement. The BELM performs the functions of a motor as well as magnetic bearing. Rotor is suspended with noncontact by suspension force. In a conventional BELM, there are two kinds of stator windings such as motor and suspension windings. The motor winding outputs the rotational torque, and the suspension winding outputs the suspension force. To simplify the structure of conventional BELM, integration of two windings is proposed in this paper. By integrating the windings, the structure of BELM becomes simple, and also, the torque and force productions are increased. The d-axis stator current controls the suspension force, and the q-axis current controls the developed torque of the motor. In the case when there is less number of slots in the machine, the actual suspension force cannot follow the command. In order to make the actual suspension force follow the command, a compensation method is also proposed in this paper. A simulation study is done for the proposed radial position control based integrated winding BELM using finite-element analysis software. Furthermore, a prototype machine of the proposed BELM based on d-q-axis current control is built to confirm the performance of the motor and the magnetic suspension in real time. Rotor stabilization with magnetic levitation is confirmed using the prototype machine.
A General Framework for Mesh Decimation (1998)

The decimation of highly detailed meshes has emerged as an important issue in many computer graphics related fields. A whole library of different algorithms has been proposed in the literature. By carefully investigating such algorithms, we can derive a generic structure for mesh reduction schemes which is analogous to a class of greedy-algorithms for heuristic optimization. Particular instances of this algorithmic template allow to adapt to specific target applications. We present a new mesh reduction algorithm which clearly reflects this meta scheme and efficiently generates decimated high quality meshes while observing global error bounds.
Constructing augmented time compactors (2010)

In this paper, a procedure for constructing time compactors based on a new 3-dimensional augmented product code is presented. Accordingly, augmented time compactors are constructed by assigning a unique triplet <;x, y, z> to each scan chain and calculating at least four sets of parity check bits. Each set of parity check bits is attached to one or more multi-input shift registers (MISRs). The proposed procedure allows an efficient construction for different classes of time compactors as well optimization and comparison of their properties. The constructed augmented time compactors demonstrate an ability to achieve a much higher compaction ratio than convolutional and modular compactors.
Hypochlorite-Promoted Transformations of Trichothecenes, 3. Deoxynivalenol (1987)

Treatment of deoxynivalenol [3] in MeOH with hypochlorite bleach containing added NaOH gave rise to a single major product, the 9 alpha, 10 alpha, 12 beta, 13 beta-diepoxy-8,15-hemiketal 4. Thus, the reaction followed a very different course from that observed for verrucarol [2], where rearrangement involving opening of the starting 12,13-epoxide and a haloform-like oxidation took place.
Crosstalk mitigation techniques in high-speed serial links. (2009)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. April 2009. Major: Electrical Engineering. Advisor: Ramesh Harjani. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 129 pages. Ill., (some col.)
Hard Rubber: Its Carbon and Hydrogen Content (1936)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHard Rubber: Its Carbon and Hydrogen ContentHarry L. Fisher and Y. SchubertCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1936, 28, 2, 209–211Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1936Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1936https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50314a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views13Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (684 KB) Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of HRV by PP and RR interval analysis using a new time delay estimate (2002)

Proposed is a method to analyze the heart rate variability (HRV) through PP interval. The PP interval is determined using a QRS detector and a new time delay estimate that improves the accuracy of the QRS detection. Results obtained by this method are presented. The extension of the method to measure RR and TT intervals and the effect of sampling rate are considered. Also a discussion about the PP and RR intervals is presented by means of the PR variability analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Solid State Diffusion Bonding of Silicon Nitride Using Vanadium Foils (2003)

This paper describes the relation between the interfacial microstructure and the fracture strength of the joints of silicon nitride (Si3N4) and vanadium (V) formed by solid state diffusion bonding. At first, the interfacial microstructure and its evolution process were analyzed in detail. The phase sequence at the interface changes with the bonding time showing five typical stages. In the first stage, a V3Si layer and V2N grains are formed. The V2N grains contact with the V3Si layer at 1473 K and below, while the contact is prohibited at 1498 K and above. The Si3N4/V3Si interface is metastable. In the second stage, a V5Si3N1−X layer appears. In the third stage, V is annihilated. In the fourth stage, the V3Si layer is annihilated and VN grains are formed. In the fifth stage, V2N is annihilated. This evolution process of the interfacial microstructure agrees well with the proposed chemical potential diagram, except the metastable state of the interface. The increase and decrease behavior in the thickness of each reaction product interact with each other. The behavior of the V3Si layer is affected not only by the formation and growth of the V5Si3N1−X layer but also by the formation of a V(Si) zone at the V3Si/V interface. The formation of the V5Si3N1−X layer starts when the spatial gradient of the chemical potential of vanadium in the V3Si layer decreases to a certain value. The fracture strength of the joints changes depending on the bonding temperature and time. The higher bonding temperature leads to the higher maximum fracture strength. The maximum strength at each bonding temperature is achieved when the thickness of the V3Si layer is 2.0 μm. The prolonged bonding time gradually reduces the fracture strength down to 42 MPa.
Image-guided surgery: From X-rays to Virtual Reality (2001)

Since the discovery of X-rays, medical imaging has played a major role in the guidance of surgical procedures. While medical imaging began with simple X-ray plates to indicate the presence of foreign objects within the human body, the advent of the computer has been a major factor in the recent development of this field. Imaging techniques have grown greatly in their sophistication and can now provide the surgeon with high quality three-dimensional images depicting not only the normal anatomy and pathology, but also vascularity and function. One key factor in the advances in Image-Guided Surgery (IGS) is the ability not only to register images derived from the various imaging modalities amongst themselves, but also to register them to the patient. The other crucial aspect of IGS is the ability to track instruments in real time during the procedure, and to portray them as part of a realistic model of the operative volume. Stereoscopic and virtual-reality techniques can usefully enhance the visualization process. IGS nevertheless relies heavily on the assumption that the images acquired prior to surgery, and upon which the surgical guidance is based, accurately represent the morphology of the tissue during the surgical procedure. In many instances this assumption is invalid, and intra-operative real-time imaging, using interventional MRI, Ultrasound, and electrophysiological recordings are often employed to overcome this limitation. Although now in extensive clinical use, IGS is often currently perceived as an intrusion into the operating room. It must evolve towards becoming a routine surgical tool, but this will only happen if natural and intuitive human interfaces are developed for these systems.
Extracellular matrix regulation of metalloproteinase and antiproteinase in human heart fibroblast cells (1996)

Following myocardial infarction, extracellular matrix (ECM) is disrupted, which leads to the generation of collagen- and elastin-derived peptides (CDPs and EDPs, respectively). To investigate whether ECM-derived peptides (i.e., CDPs and EDPs) induce extracellular proteinases in human heart fibroblast (HHF) cells, we isolated CDP and EDP using gelfiltration and antibody affinity column chromatography. The CDP and EDP were characterized by their intrinsic fluorescence due to crosslink structure (pyridinoline and desmosine, respectively) and by immunoblot analysis using anti-desmosine antibody. Neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G were identified using selective chromogenic substrates and by their specific inhibition with alpha1-proteinase inhibitor and alpha1-antichymotrypsin, respectively. Elastase and cathepsin G were elevated in the infarcted tissue. Selective inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) by a higher concentration of tetracycline or doxycycline in zymographic gels elicited an inhibition constant (IC50) of 278 +/- 10 microM and indicated that majority of MMP in the infarcted tissue is from fibroblast cells. The HHF proliferation was measured using an acid-phosphatase assay. The EDP and CDP induce HHF cell proliferation. After EDP treatment phenotypic (formation of pseudopodia) changes were observed in HHF cells. To measure whether phenotypic changes by EDP or CDP are associated with MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression in HHF cells, we measured MMP and TIMP expression by zymographic and Northern blot (mRNA) analyses. The expression of MMP and TIMP were upregulated at both the protein and gene transcription levels. These results suggested that during ischemic cardiomyopathy, initially neutrophil proteinase activates latent myocardial MMP which can degrade ECM, which continuously degrades if not controlled by TIMP, leading to ventricular dilatation and dysfunction.
Optical Resolution on Regioselectively Carbamoylated Cellulose and Amylose with 3,5-Dimethylphenyl and 3,5-Dichlorophenyl Isocyanates (1993)

Abstract The optical resolving ability of two types of regioselectively carbamoylated cellulose and amylose with 3,5-dimethylphenyl and 3,5-dichlorophenyl isocyanates was evaluated. One had 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate groups at the 2 and 3 positions and a 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate group at the 6 position; the other had 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate groups at the 2 and 3 positions and a 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate group at the 6 position. In cellulose derivatives, the side chains at the 2,3, and 6 positions seem to interact complicatedly with racemates. On the other hand, in the amylose derivatives, the side chains at the 2 and 3 positions may mainly influence the chiral recognition ability. The optical resolving abilities of the cellulose and amylose derivatives having irregularly either 3,5-dimethylphenyl- or 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate groups at the 2,3, and 6 positions were also examined.
Laser micromachining of through via interconnects in active die for 3D multichip module (2002)

One method to increase density in integrated circuits (IC) is to stack die to create a 3D multichip module (MCM). In the past, special post wafer processing was done to bring interconnects out to the edge of the die. The die were sawed, glued, and stacked. Special processing was done to create interconnects on the edge to provide for interconnects to each of the die. These processes require an IC type fabrication facility (fab) and special processing equipment. In contrast we have developed packaging assembly methods to created vertical through vias in bond pads of active silicon die, isolate these vias, and metal fill these vias without the use of a special IC fab. These die with through vias can then be joined and stacked to create a 3D MCM. Vertical through vias in active die are created by laser micromachining using a Nd:YAG laser. Besides the fundamental 1064 nm (infra-red) laser wavelength of a Nd:YAG laser, modifications to our Nd:YAG laser allowed us to generate the second harmonic 532 nm (green) laser wavelength and fourth harmonic 266 nm (ultra violet) laser wavelength in laser micromachining for these vias. Experiments were conducted to determine the best laser wavelengths to use for laser micromachining of vertical through vias in order to minimize damage to the active die. Via isolation experiments were done in order determine the best method in isolating the bond pads of the die. Die thinning techniques were developed to allow for die thickness us thin as 50 /spl mu/m. This would allow for high 3D density when the die are stacked. A method was developed to metal fill the vias with solder using a wire bonder with solder wire.
A Heavy-Ion Detector Based on 3-D NAND Flash Memories (2019)

The feasibility of a 3-D-NAND-Flash-based heavy-ion detector is explored. The possibility of measuring the angle of incidence and the linear energy transfer (LET) of impinging particles by studying the pattern of the threshold voltage shifts along the track of the affected cells is discussed. The results of the experiments with different beams (both directly and indirectly ionizing) are illustrated. A set of Monte Carlo simulations is also presented, to study sensitive volumes on 3-D NAND floating gate cells and explore the possibility of distinguishing the effects generated by ionizing particles with different features, such as LET and angle of incidence.
The Experience of Introducing a Common Criteria Assessment Grid Across an Academic Department (1999)

Abstract In the UK, there is growing pressure both within and across institutions to establish common assessment standards. This is an account of the introduction of a common assessment grid in a School of Business. The intention was to develop a comprehensive marking criteria grid to establish common standards of marking and grading for Advanced Level undergraduate modules (those normally taken by second‐ and third‐year students) across the Business programmes. The aim was to provide better guidance to students (and better work as a result) as well as enabling consistency in marking, easier moderation, and easier provision of feedback. It was created using the attributes identified by the Graduate Standards Programme and South‐east England consortium (SEEC) generic level descriptors as starting points. While the grid failed to provide comprehensive marking criteria, evidence is presented to suggest that it succeeded in its other intentions. The project also raised questions about the efficacy of setting standards through programme specifications and generic level descriptors.
Epidemiologic Studies on Dengue in Santiago de Cuba, 1997 (2000)

A small, isolated outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) due to dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) was documented in Santiago de Cuba on the island of Cuba beginning in January 1997. There were 205 DHF/DSS cases, all in persons older than age 15 years. All but three had evidence of a prior dengue infection, with the only known opportunity being the islandwide dengue virus type 1 (DEN-1) epidemic of 1977-1979. Virtually complete clinical and laboratory surveillance of overt disease was achieved. From December 1997 to January 1998, a random, age-stratified serum sample was obtained from 1,151 persons in 40 residential clusters in Santiago. Sera were tested for DEN-1 and DEN-2 neutralizing antibodies. The prevalence of DEN-2 antibodies in children age 15 years and under, born after the 1981 DEN-2 epidemic, was taken as the 1997 DEN-2 infection rate. This was adjusted slightly to accommodate observed cases, resulting in an estimated infection rate of 4.3%. Dengue fever and DHF/DSS attack rates were calculated from estimated total primary and secondary DEN-2 infections. Only 3% of 13,116 primary infections were overt. The DHF/DSS attack rate for adults of all ages was 420 per 10,000 secondary DEN-2 infections.
Calcium imaging of neural circuits with extended depth-of-field light-sheet microscopy (2016)

Increasing the volumetric imaging speed of light-sheet microscopy will improve its ability to detect fast changes in neural activity. Here, a system is introduced for brain-wide imaging of neural activity in the larval zebrafish by coupling structured illumination with cubic phase extended depth-of-field (EDoF) pupil encoding. This microscope enables faster light-sheet imaging and facilitates arbitrary plane scanning-removing constraints on acquisition speed, alignment tolerances, and physical motion near the sample. The usefulness of this method is demonstrated by performing multi-plane calcium imaging in the fish brain with a 416×832×160 μm field of view at 33 Hz. The optomotor response behavior of the zebrafish is monitored at high speeds, and time-locked correlations of neuronal activity are resolved across its brain.
Discontinuity and change in industrial relations: the struggles over its social dimensions and the rise of human resource management (1992)

The development of decentralized approaches to the management of labour in the form of human resource management has been the subject of much debate. Yet there has been less concern with the external political factors and above all, the border social and regulatory legacies and considerations of industrial relations. These still provide a social and political context within which many management strategies have had to develop The more optimistic readings of such developments have failed to address this dimension to change and the way it may condition the practice of new managerial strategies and their sheer cost. The external political and social environment cannot therefore be ignored.
FastHenry (1993)

In [1], it was shown that an equation formulation based on mesh analysis can be combined with a GMRES-style iterative matrix solution technique to make a reasonably fast 3-D frequency dependent inductance and resistance extraction algorithm. Unfortunately, both the computation time and memory required for that approach grow faster than n/sup 2/, where n is the number of volume-filaments. In this paper, we show that it is possible to use multipole-acceleration to reduce both required memory and computation time to nearly order n. Results from examples are given to demonstrate that the multipole acceleration can reduce required computation time and memory by more than an order of magnitude for realistic packaging problems.
Generation of plants resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus by using artificial zinc-finger proteins (2008)

Previously, we designed an artificial zinc-finger protein (AZP) for blocking a replication protein (Rep) of beet severe curly top virus (BSCTV) from binding to its replication origin and demonstrated that transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the AZP are completely resistant to the virus infection. Here we applied the AZP technology to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) infective to an important agricultural crop, tomato. We designed and constructed an AZP binding to the direct repeat to block the TYLCV Rep binding. In gel shift assays, we confirmed that the designed AZP has a higher affinity to the replication origin than that of Rep and that the AZP effectively inhibited the Rep binding to its replication origin in vitro. The AZP gene was then introduced into a plant genome with the help of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to generate the transgenic plants. We will discuss properties of the AZP-transgenic plants against TYLCV infection.
Novel regulatory therapies for prevention of Graft-versus-host disease (2012)

Graft-versus-host disease is one of the major transplant-related complications in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Continued efforts have been made to prevent the occurrence of severe graft-versus-host disease by eliminating or suppressing donor-derived effector T cells. Conventional immunosuppression does not adequately prevent graft-versus-host disease, especially in mismatched transplants. Unfortunately, elimination of donor-derived T cells impairs stem cell engraftment, and delays immunologic reconstitution, rendering the recipient susceptible to post-transplant infections and disease relapse, with potentially lethal consequences. In this review, we discuss the role of dynamic immune regulation in controlling graft-versus-host disease, and how cell-based therapies are being developed using regulatory T cells and other tolerogenic cells for the prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease. In addition, advances in the design of cytoreductive conditioning regimens to selectively target graft-versus-host disease-inducing donor-derived T cells that have improved the safety of allogeneic stem cell transplantation are reviewed. Finally, we discuss advances in our understanding of the tolerogenic facilitating cell population, a phenotypically and functionally distinct population of bone marrow-derived cells which promote hematopoietic stem cell engraftment while reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease.
Differential APP gene expression in rat cerebral cortex, meninges, and primary astroglial, microglial and neuronal cultures (1991)

Differential amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene expression was investigated in primary cultures of astrocytes, neurons and microglia from neonatal rat cerebral cortex as well as in meninges, and young and adult cerebral cortex tissues in order to define the possible contribution of individual CNS cell types in beta AP deposition. Meninges and neurons contained higher levels of total APP mRNA than glial cells and APP695 mRNA was abundant in neurons while glial cells and meninges contained higher levels of KPI-containing mRNAs. These results demonstrate cell-specific transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of APP gene expression in CNS cell types. In addition, the steady-state level of APPs in each cell type did not reflect mRNA levels indicating translational or post-translational regulation.