gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CREB Cooperates with BMP‐stimulated Smad signaling to enhance transcription of the Smad6 promoter (2003)

Growth plate chondrocytes integrate a multitude of growth factor signals during maturation. PTHrP inhibits maturation through stimulation of PKA/CREB signaling while the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) stimulate maturation through Smad mediated signaling. In this manuscript, we show that interactions between CREB and the BMP associated Smads are promoter specific, and demonstrate for the first time the requirement of CREB signaling for Smad mediated activation of a BMP responsive region of the Smad6 promoter. The 28 base pairs (bp) BMP responsive element of the Smad6 promoter contains an 11 bp Smad binding region and an adjacent 17 bp region in which we characterize a putative CRE site. PKA/CREB gain of function enhanced BMP stimulation of this reporter, while loss of CREB function diminished transcriptional activity. In contrast, ATF-2 and AP-1 transcription factors had minimal effects. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed CREB binding to the Smad6 promoter element. Mutations eliminating binding resulted in loss of transcriptional activity, while mutations that maintained CREB binding had continued reporter activation by CREB and BMP-2. The Smad6 gene was similarly regulated by CREB. Dominant negative CREB reduced BMP-2 stimulated Smad6 gene transcription by 50%, but markedly increased BMP-2 mediated stimulation of colX and Ihh expression. In contrast, PTHrP which activates CREB signaling, blocked the stimulatory effect of BMP-2 on colX and Ihh, but minimally inhibited the stimulatory effect of BMP on Smad6. These findings are the first to demonstrate a cooperative association between CREB and BMP regulated Smads in cells from vertebrates and demonstrate that promoter-specific rather than generalized interactions between PKA/CREB and BMP signaling regulate gene expression in chondrocytes.
Richard A. Bartsch (2020)

Richard A. Bartsch, 79, died on Nov. 28, 2019, in League City, Texas. “Dr. Bartsch was an organic chemist specializing in chemical separations. He worked for more than 40 years at Texas Tech University, where he earned recognition as a Paul Whitfield Horn Professor, the university’s highest faculty honor. He published more than 450 articles, supervised 54 doctoral students, and served as department chair for 15 years. In 2010, he became a fellow of the American Chemical Society. In 2011, he was honored to have many of his former students and collaborators attend a research lab reunion. In 2015, he moved from Lubbock to League City to be closer to family and his new grandson.”—Robert Bartsch, son Most recent title: Professor of chemistry, Texas Tech University Education: BS, chemistry, 1962, and MS, chemistry, 1963, Oregon State University; PhD, chemistry, Brown University, 1986 Survivors: Wife, Nadine; daughter, Lisa; son, Robert; one
Storage Area Networks (2008)

Abstract This chapter provides a tutorial on storage area networks (SANs), including a description of SAN networking protocols, topologies, and design considerations. Additional topics to be discussed include SAN management, virtualization, multiprotocol routing, fabrics and intra‐switch links. SAN's extension over long distances (hundreds or thousands of kilometers) will also be considered for applications such as disaster recovery or remote tape and disk vaulting. Both synchronous and asynchronous solutions will be described.
A Gene Therapy Approach to Regulated Delivery of Erythropoietin as a Function of Oxygen Tension (1997)

Current therapy for several forms of anemia involves a weekly regime of multiple subcutaneous injections of recombinant human erythropoietin (hEpo). In an effort to provide a physiologically regulated administration of erythropoietin, we are developing cell lines genetically engineered to release hEpo as a function of oxygen tension. C2C12 cells were transfected using a vector containing the hEpo cDNA driven by the hypoxia-responsive promoter to the murine phosphoglycerate kinase gene. In vitro, these cells showed a threefold increase in hEpo secretion as oxygen levels were shifted from 21% to 1.3% oxygen. To test in vivo response, C2C12-hEpo cells were encapsulated in a microporous membrane and implanted subcutaneously on the dorsal flank of DBA/2J mice. On average, serum hEpo levels in animals exposed to 7% oxygen were two-fold higher than values seen in their control counterparts kept at 21% oxygen. Similar studies employing rats confirmed that hEpo delivery is regulated as a function of oxygen tension. These results suggest the feasibility of developing an oxygen-regulated, encapsulated cell-based system for hEpo delivery.
Macromol. Mater. Eng. 7/2017 (2017)

Front Cover: This cover image shows the aggregated chain orientation structure of electrospun polycarbonate (PC) nanofiber, which might for the first time, demonstrated visually the existence of chain orientation of electrospun amorphous polymer nanofiber. Due to highly orientated chains, resultant PC fibers show excellent tensile strength which is higher than that of widely used metals. This is reported by Yiyang Xu, Yanhong Gao, Xiaofeng Wang, Jing Jiang, Jianhua Hou, and Qian Li, in article number 1700054.
Case study: Digital's application generator (1994)

One approach to software reuse is to generate an application from a domain specific specification. The specification describes the application's problem or task, and it might take diverse forms, such as an interactive dialogue or a formal language. DECAdmire, an application generator provided by Digital Equipment, is an interactive application development tool that provides code generation for interactive management information-systems that involve relational database updates. DECAdmire provides 80 to 95 percent code reuse.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Glucocorticoids promote a TH2 cytokine response by CD4+ T cells in vitro (1996)

Purified rat CD4+ T cells were activated in vitro in the presence or absence of the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. They were then expanded in IL-2 and subsequently restimulated, this time in the absence of the hormone. The results indicate that the exposure of the cells to dexamethasone in the primary stimulation changed the cytokine synthesis induced by the secondary stimulation. The mRNA levels for IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were all increased by the pretreatment, whereas synthesis of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha was diminished. Further studies in which IL-4 was used together with dexamethasone showed that the cytokine potentiated the effect of the hormone. These data suggest that the neuroendocrine system can influence the cytokine response to pathogens and autoantigens in a way that favors Th2-type reactions. There are similar implications for therapy with glucocorticoids, and these drugs may be expected to have long term immunologic effects as well as short-lived immunosuppressive ones. The production of a mouse mAb, MRC-OX81, against rat IL-4 is also described.
Enrichment and properties of an anaerobic mixed culture reductively dechlorinating 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene to 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1992)

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), pentachlorobenzene (QCB), all three isomers of tetrachlorobenzene (TeCB), 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (1,2,3-TCB), and 1,2,4-TCB were reductively dechlorinated by enrichment cultures in the presence of lactate, glucose, ethanol, or isopropanol as the electron donor. The enrichment cultures originated from percolation columns filled with Rhine River sediment in which dechlorination of TCBs and dichlorobenzenes (DCBs) occurred. A stable consortium obtained by transfer on lactate as the energy and carbon source in the presence of 1,2,3-TCB dechlorinated this isomer stoichiometrically to 1,3-DCB. Dechlorinating activity could only be maintained when an electron donor was added. Lactate, ethanol, and hydrogen appeared to be the best substrates. Optimal temperature and pH for dechlorination were 30 degrees C and 7.2, respectively. The specificity of the enrichment on lactate and 1,2,3-TCB was tested after approximately 60 transfers (after 2.5 years). HCB and QCB were stoichiometrically dechlorinated to 1,3,5-TCB and minor amounts of 1,2,4-TCB. 1,3,5-TCB was the sole product formed from 1,2,3,5-TeCB, while 1,2,3,4-TeCB and 1,2,4,5-TeCB were converted to 1,2,4-TCB. 1,2,4-TCB, 1,3,5-TCB, and the three isomers of DCB were not dechlorinated during 4 weeks of incubation. For further enrichment of the 1,2,3-TCB-dechlorinating bacteria, a two-liquid-phase (hexadecane-water) system was used with hydrogen as the electron donor and 1,2,3-TCB or CO2 as the electron acceptor. Methanogens and acetogens were the major substrate-competing (H2-CO2) microorganisms in the two-liquid-phase system. Inhibition of methanogenesis by 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid did not influence dechlorination, and acetogens which were isolated from the enrichment culture did not have dechlorinating activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The properties of n-&#x03BC;c-SiO:H inter-layers for thin-film silicon tandem solar cells (2009)

The n-type hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon-incorporated silicon oxide (n-μc-SiO:H) films are prepared by 13.56 MHz plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (rf-PECVD) using SiH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> , H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gases for an inter-layer between the amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) top-cell and the microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) bottom-cell in the thin-film silicon tandem solar cells. The optical and electrical properties of n-μc-SiO:H prepared by varying deposition conditions are investigated. The refractive indices of the films are 2.1˜2.7 at the wavelength of 600 nm and the electrical conductivity is ˜ 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> S/cm. Compared to ZnO:Al inter-layer, the n-μc-SiO:H provides reduced current loss of μc-Si:H bottom-cells as well as enhanced current gain of a-Si:H top-cell which might be due to the reduced absorption of incident light in the n-μc-SiO:H inter-layer. An analysis on tunnel recombination junction using current-voltage measurements shows the non-ohmic behavior when crystalline volume fraction and conductivity of inter-layer are low, resulting in the reduction of the FF and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> in solar cells. The initial conversion efficiency of 10.66% is achieved in thin film silicon tandem solar cells with n-μc-SiO:H inter-layer.
Review: Alzheimer's Disease and Environmental Aluminium (1993)

Journal Article Review: Alzheimer's Disease and Environmental Aluminium Get access RICHARD DOLL RICHARD DOLL Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Studies Unit, Harkness Building, Radcliffe InfirmaryOxford OX2 6HE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Age and Ageing, Volume 22, Issue 2, March 1993, Pages 138–153, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/22.2.138 Published: 01 March 1993
Automated Quantification of Stroke Damage on Brain Computed Tomography Scans: e-ASPECTS (2015)

Emergency radiological diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke requires the accurate detection and appropriate interpretation of relevant imaging findings. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) provides fast and low-cost assessment of the early signs of ischaemia and is the most widely used diagnostic modality for acute stroke. The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is a quantitative and clinically validated method to measure the extent of ischaemic signs on brain CT scans. The CE-marked electronic-ASPECTS (e-ASPECTS) software automates the ASPECTS score. Anglia Ruskin Clinical Trials Unit (ARCTU) independently carried out a clinical investigation of the e-ASPECTS software, an automated scoring system which can be integrated into the diagnostic pathway of an acute ischaemic stroke patient, thereby assisting the physician with expert interpretation of the brain CT scan. Here we describe a literature review of the clinical importance of reliable assessment of early ischaemic signs on plain CT scans, and of technologies automating these processed scoring systems in ischaemic stroke on CT scans focusing on the e-ASPECTS software. To be suitable for critical appraisal in this evaluation, the published studies needed a sample size of a minimum of 10 cases. All randomised studies were screened and data deemed relevant to demonstration of performance of ASPECTS were appraised. The literature review focused on three domains: i) interpretation of brain CT scans of stroke patients, ii) the application of the ASPECTS score in ischaemic stroke, and iii) automation of brain CT analysis. Finally, the appraised references are discussed in the context of the clinical impact of e-ASPECTS and the expected performance, which will be independently evaluated by a non-inferiority study conducted by the ARCTU.
Inductance calculation system for superconducting circuits (1989)

A method for calculating the inductance of complicated three-dimensional superconducting circuits is described. The current distribution is obtained by assuming that the edge currents satisfy both Maxwell's and London's equations. Inductance is calculated from the magnetic energy resulting from the current. Extrapolations are used to reduce the computational requirements and to increase the accuracy of the results. Using the method, a CAD (computer-aided design) system was developed for superconducting circuits. The inductance of 3-D superconducting circuits, which was unattainable except by experiments, can be easily calculated by this system. The coupling inductance of a DC SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is calculated using the CAD system. Agreement between experiment and the computation is good.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Crystal Structures and Powder Diffraction Patterns of the Uranium Tellurides: A Critical Review (1991)

Abstract A critical review of all the reported structures and powder diffraction patterns in the uranium telluride system has been undertaken. Our recommendations are: 1. Structures that are correct: • Cubic – UTe: no experimental pattern exists. Retain calculated 15–865. • Cubic – U 3 Te 4 : retain poor quality 12-610 but adopt the pattern calculated here. • Cubic U 2 Te 3 : no experimental pattern exists. Adopt pattern calculated here. • Orthorhombic UTe 2 : Adopt the new pattern of Boehme et al. • Monoclinic αUTe 3 : Adopt the new pattern of Boehme et al. • Orthorhombic βUTe 3 : Adopt the pattern calculated here. • Orthorhombic UTe 5 : Adopt the new pattern of Boeheme et al. 2. Structures in need of refinement: • Orthorhombic U 2 Te 3 : Adopt pattern calculated here over 34-807. • Hexagonal U 7 Te 12 : Adopt pattern calculated here but retain 24-1368. • Orthorhombic UTe 1.78 : Adopt pattern calculated here and retain our modified 21-1404 reported for U 4 Te 7 . • Orthorhombic UTe 2.5 : Adopt pattern calculated here. • Orthorhombic UTe 3.4 : Accept recent pattern of Boehme et al. 3. Phases for which no structures or reliable patterns exist: • Orthorhombic U 3 Te 4 : no published pattern. • Tetragonal U 3 Te 5 : three patterns 21-1407, 34-766 and 34-896 exist but all are of very poor quality. 4. Phases which probably do not exist: • Tetragonal UTe 1.77 • Tetragonal UTe 2 • Cubic UTe 2 • U 3 Te 7 (21-1402) • U 3 Te 8 (21-1406)
Configuration Measurement for FPGA-based Trusted Platforms (2009)

This paper proposes a method for measuring hardwareconfigurations for trusted platforms based on field programmablegate arrays (FPGA). The proposed system setupallows for partial reconfiguration as well as full reconfigurationof FPGA devices that can be used additionallyas trusted platforms. In the system, slots are defined forfast partial dynamic reconfiguration. Predefined IP blocksmay be configured into these. The reconfiguration is monitoredand reported to a trusted platform module (TPM).Important configuration characteristics are extracted fromthe bitstream, stored, and evaluated in terms of predefinedpolicies to ensure the integrity of the trusted FPGA platform.By incorporating this method the chain-of-trust known fromtrusted computing is extended into the underlying hardware.This enables remote verifiers to ensure a correct configurationof the device in order to adhere to safety commitmentsand allows for highly adaptive, trusted system-on-chips.
Synthesis of Polycyclic Ring Systems Using Transition Metal Catalyzed Cyclizations of Diazo Alkynyl Ketones (2000)

The rhodium(II)-catalyzed reaction of α-diazo ketones bearing tethered alkyne units represents a new and useful method for the construction of a variety of substituted cyclopentenones. The process proceeds by addition of the rhodium-stabilized carbenoid onto the acetylenic π-bond to give a vinyl carbenoid intermediate. The resulting rhodium complex undergoes a wide assortment of reactions including cyclopropanation, 1,2-hydrogen migration, CH-insertion, addition to tethered alkynes and ylide formation. When 2-alkynyl-2-diazo-3-oxobutanoates were treated with a Rh(II)-catalyst, furo[3,4-c]furans were formed in excellent yield.
Self-Healing Coatings (2002)

Abstract The efficacy of a “self-healing” corrosion protection coating system for use on steel enclosures for outdoor equipment has been investigated. Urea formaldehyde microcapsules (60-150 microns in diameter) that contained several types of film forming compounds (healants) and corrosion inhibitors were mixed into commercially available coatings systems. Laboratory tests showed that when the coating system was damaged by abrasion, the microcapsules broke open and released their film forming and corrosion inhibiting compounds, thus initiating the self-healing process, in which the damaged area of the coating is covered and repaired, and corrosion of the substrate is inhibited. Steel substrates coated with these self-healing systems were scribed and laboratory tested according to ASTM D 5894, in which the specimens are alternately subjected to salt spray and ultraviolet exposure. The coated test specimens were evaluated with respect to undercutting at the scribe in accordance with ASTM D 1654. The undercutting was reduced from 2.12 mm to 0.46 mm at the scribe by using microcapsules containing phenolic varnish, a long chain polyester diluent, a second carrier/diluent based on high molecular weight hydrocarbons and a corrosion inhibitor. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests showed that the incorporation of self-healing microcapsules resulted in significantly higher impedances for exposed coatings than for similar coatings containing no microcapsules.
Systematic assessment of next generation sequencing for quantitative small RNA profiling: a multiple protocol study across multiple laboratories (2017)

Small RNA-seq is increasingly being used for profiling of small RNAs. Quantitative characteristics of long RNA-seq have been extensively described, but small RNA-seq involves fundamentally different methods for library preparation, with distinct protocols and technical variations that have not been fully and systematically studied. We report here the results of a study using common references (synthetic RNA pools of defined composition, as well as plasma-derived RNA) to evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility and bias of small RNA-seq library preparation for five distinct protocols and across nine different laboratories. We observed protocol-specific and sequence-specific bias, which was ameliorated using adapters for ligation with randomized end-nucleotides, and computational correction factors. Despite this technical bias, relative quantification using small RNA-seq was remarkably accurate and reproducible, even across multiple laboratories using different methods. These results provide strong evidence for the feasibility of reproducible cross-laboratory small RNA-seq studies, even those involving analysis of data generated using different protocols.
Defect tolerance in QCA-based PLAs (2008)

Defect tolerance will be critical in any system with nano-scale feature sizes. This paper examines some fundamental aspects of defect tolerance for a reconfigurable system based on magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata (MQCA). MQCA performs logical operations and moves data by manipulating the polarizations of nano-scale magnets, has been experimentally demonstrated, and operates at room temperature. We consider how specific defects will impact device functionality. Within this context, we introduce techniques for mapping Boolean logic functions to a defective system architecture (a reconfigurable programmable logic array design for MQCA). Simulation results show that our new mapping techniques can achieve much higher yields than existing techniques for nanowire crossbar PLAs.
Criteria for selecting microhaplotypes: mixture detection and deconvolution (2015)

Microhaplotypes with Ae values of >3 will be exceedingly useful in ordinary forensic practice. Based on our studies, 3-SNP microhaplotypes will sometimes meet this criterion, but 4-SNP microhaplotypes can even exceed this criterion and have values >4.
Delayed Onset Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Babesiosis (1994)

Reported herein is a second case of a patient who developed adult respiratory distress syndrome secondary to babesiosis. The features of acute lung injury after babesiosis will be described.
Propylene from Renewable Resources: Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol into Propylene (2014)

Propylene, one of the most demanded commodity chemicals, is obtained overwhelmingly from fossil resources. In view of the diminishing fossil resources and the ongoing climate change, the identification of new efficient and alternative routes for the large-scale production of propylene from biorenewable resources has become essential. Herein, a new selective route for the synthesis of propylene from bio-derived glycerol is demonstrated. The route consists of the formation of 1-propanol (a versatile bulk chemical) as intermediate through hydrogenolysis of glycerol at a high selectivity. A subsequent dehydration produces propylene.