gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gender Dynamics From The Arab World: An Intercultural Service Encounter (2013)

Arab countries strive toward the modernization and feminization of the Arab culture; however, some of these countries (i.e., Saudi Arabia) are culturally and legally governed by "sharia law", and have maintained cultural norms regarding segregation of the sexes. In order to have a better understanding of the Arab travelers to the U.S., this research focuses on the gender dynamics between the service providers and Arab customers during a service encounter. Specifically, this research examines how the same and opposite genders of service-provider and customer influence Arab customers’ emotional response (comfort), consequently their service encounter evaluation (satisfaction), and behavioral intentions (feedback willingness). This research also examines how the employees’ efforts to solicit feedback from Arab customers may intensify the effect of gender dynamics on Arab customers’ responses. Scenario-based online surveys are created and distributed to respondents of Arab descent in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates by using snowball sampling. The results based on 326 respondents show potential differences determined by gender interaction. Arab customers were more comfortable, more satisfied with the service encounter, and more willing to provide feedback, if the employee was the same gender as the customer, as opposed to the employee being the opposite gender from the customer. However, results showed that employee efforts to solicit feedback did not intensify the gender interaction effect. Additionally, through the service encounter, the Arab customers’ comfort influenced their service encounter satisfaction and their willingness to provide feedback. The findings of this research provide valuable implications for hospitality managers to better cater to the needs of Arab customers by examining the dimensions of gender boundaries in an intercultural service encounter.
Proteasome-Dependent Down-Regulation of Activated Nuclear Hippocampal Glucocorticoid Receptors Determines Dynamic Responses to Corticosterone (2007)

Timing is a critical factor in neuroendocrinology. Despite this, the temporal aspects of glucocorticoid signaling in the regulation of in vivo targets have been largely overlooked. Here, we present data showing that plasma glucocorticoid levels differ greatly from the constant signal predominantly used in cell culture experiments. Using an automated blood sampling system, we found that under basal conditions in nonstressed rats, corticosterone release occurs in discrete pulses of various amplitudes dependent on the circadian cycle. This basal pattern changes to a prolonged elevated nonpulsatile release in response to stressful stimuli. We have been able to recapitulate these different patterns of corticosterone presentation (short pulse vs. prolonged elevation) in adrenalectomized rats, and show that each pattern results in differential activation of hippocampal glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Finally, we provide evidence for a rapid proteasome-dependent clearance of activated glucocorticoid receptors, but not mineralocorticoid receptors, as a novel mechanism to allow dynamic interaction with rapidly changing physiological and environmental conditions.
Plagiarism in the electronic age (2002)

The word 'plagiarism' finds its origins in the Greek word for 'kidnapping' and refers to the practice of passing off someone's work or ideas as one's own. How do we know this? It is the definition found in the New Oxford Dictionary of English. But this, in turn, raises a basic problem with the first sentence in this article. If the writer fails to identify the source, is he or she guilty of plagiarism? Consider the actual dictionary entry, which reads as follows: plagiarism noun [mass noun] the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own. DERIVATIVES plagiarist noun plagiaristic adjective - ORIGIN early 17th cent: from Latin plagiarius 'kidnapper' (from plagium 'a kidnapping', from Greek plagion) + -ism.
Role of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in pediatric respiratory tract infections (1997)

Until a vaccine that provides adequate prophylaxis against nontypeable H. influenzae is developed, clinicians should be guided by knowledge of bacterial susceptibility and microbiologic efficacy in choosing appropriate agents for treating pediatric infections likely to involve this common pathogen.
Development and Characterization of a Gene Expression Reporter System for <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824 (1999)

A gene expression reporter system (pHT3) for Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was developed by using the lacZ gene from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurogenes EM1 as the reporter gene. In order to test the reporter system, promoters of three key metabolic pathway genes, ptb (coding for phosphotransbutyrylase), thl (coding for thiolase), and adc (coding for acetoacetate decarboxylase), were cloned upstream of the reporter gene in pHT3 in order to construct vectors pHT4, pHT5, and pHTA, respectively. Detection of beta-galactosidase activity in time course studies performed with strains ATCC 824(pHT4), ATCC 824(pHT5), and ATCC 824(pHTA) demonstrated that the reporter gene produced a functional beta-galactosidase in C. acetobutylicum. In addition, time course studies revealed differences in the beta-galactosidase specific activity profiles of strains ATCC 824(pHT4), ATCC 824(pHT5), and ATCC 824(pHTA), suggesting that the reporter system developed in this study is able to effectively distinguish between different promoters. The stability of the beta-galactosidase produced by the reporter gene was also examined with strains ATCC 824(pHT4) and ATCC 824(pHT5) by using chloramphenicol treatment to inhibit protein synthesis. The data indicated that the beta-galactosidase produced by the lacZ gene from T. thermosulfurogenes EM1 was stable in the exponential phase of growth. In pH-controlled fermentations of ATCC 824(pHT4), the kinetics of beta-galactosidase formation from the ptb promoter and phosphotransbutyrylase formation from its own autologous promoter were found to be similar.
Graphics Programming Using a Database System with Dependency Declarations (1982)

article Free Access Share on Graphics Programming Using a Database System with Dependency Declarations Authors: M. T. Garrett Garrett Information Systems, 1590 Eton Street, Crofton, MD Garrett Information Systems, 1590 Eton Street, Crofton, MDView Profile , J. D. Foley Institute for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Institute for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.View Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on GraphicsVolume 1Issue 2April 1982 pp 109–128https://doi.org/10.1145/357299.357301Published:01 April 1982Publication History 15citation525DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations15Total Downloads525Last 12 Months69Last 6 weeks6 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Theory of strip coupled acoustic devices (1973)

A theory of the strip coupled acoustic surface wave amplifier, the acoustic surface wave strip coupler, and the strip coupled acoustic surface wave parametric device is given. This theory makes use of a space harmonic expansion and variational techniques to determine the impedance looking into an individual strip. The resulting model accurately predicts the experimental results obtained with strip couplers and indicates that for optimum coupling the ratio of strip width to gap spacing should be unity. Strips can be used to couple from the piezoelectric medium to a semiconductor to make amplifiers and nonlinear signal processing devices. When used in amplifiers, strip coupling should reduce the power dissipation for a given gain by orders of magnitude and greatly increase the gain at low frequencies. In parametric devices, the strips eliminate the need for microscopic air gaps and should increase the processing efficiency by orders of magnitude.
The Hunter-Illawarra Study of Airways and Air Pollution: Refining the process (1995)

This article describes pilot studies and reports initial results from the Hunter-Illawarra Study of Airways and Air Pollution (HISAAP). HISAAP aims to examine the relationship between the occurrence of cough, wheeze and colds in children, and indicators of exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution and aeroallergens.
Synthesis of olefins. Cross-coupling of alkenyl halides and Grignard reagents catalyzed by iron complexes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of olefins. Cross-coupling of alkenyl halides and Grignard reagents catalyzed by iron complexesStephen M. Neumann and Jay K. KochiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 5, 599–606Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00893a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00893a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2152Altmetric-Citations225LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acidification of Blood Is Superior to Sodium Fluoride Alone as an Inhibitor of Glycolysis (2009)

Acidification should replace NaF alone as the recommended method for obtaining an accurate glucose concentration. Diagnostic cut points based on blood samples collected into tubes containing NaF as the only inhibitor of glycolysis are likely to be too low.
Multi-axial mechanical stimulation of tissue engineered cartilage: Review (2007)

The development of tissue engineered cartilage is a promising new approach for the repair of damaged or diseased tissue. Since it has proven difficult to generate cartilaginous tissue with properties similar to that of native articular cartilage, several studies have used mechanical stimuli as a means to improve the quantity and quality of the developed tissue. In this study, we have investigated the effect of multi-axial loading applied during in vitro tissue formation to better reflect the physiological forces that chondrocytes are subjected to in vivo. Dynamic combined compression-shear stimulation (5% compression and 5% shear strain amplitudes) increased both collagen and proteoglycan synthesis (76 +/- 8% and 73 +/- 5%, respectively) over the static (unstimulated) controls. When this multi-axial loading condition was applied to the chondrocyte cultures over a four week period, there were significant improvements in both extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and the mechanical properties of the in vitro-formed tissue (3-fold increase in compressive modulus and 1.75-fold increase in shear modulus). Stimulated tissues were also significantly thinner than the static controls (19% reduction) suggesting that there was a degree of ECM consolidation as a result of long-term multi-axial loading. This study demonstrated that stimulation by multi-axial forces can improve the quality of the in vitro-formed tissue, but additional studies are required to further optimize the conditions to favour improved biochemical and mechanical properties of the developed tissue.
BMP4 Activation and Secretion Are Negatively Regulated by an Intracellular Gremlin-BMP4 Interaction (2006)

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is a potent growth factor that is involved in many important biological processes. Regulation of the level of secreted mature BMP4 determines the biological effects of BMP4 on cells in the local microenvironment. Previous studies suggested that Gremlin, a member of DAN family proteins, antagonizes BMP4 activity by sequestering extracellular BMP4. Herein, we report a novel intracellular regulatory mechanism by which Gremlin interacts with BMP4 precursor, prevents secretion of mature BMP4, and therefore inhibits BMP4 activity more efficiently. Furthermore, we also defined a 30-amino acid peptide sequence within the Gremlin DAN domain that is essential for BMP4 interaction. This novel Gremlin-mediated BMP4 posttranslational regulatory mechanism implies that the level of BMP4 mRNA expression does not truly reflect BMP4 activity when Gremlin and BMP4 are coexpressed within the same cell. Similar regulatory mechanisms may be utilized by other DAN family proteins.
Vertebral fusion dynamics in the thoracic and lumbar spine induced by allogenic demineralized bone matrix combined with autogenous bone marrow. An experimental study in rabbits. (1987)

The aim of this study was to examine the capability of grafts consisting of demineralized bone matrix combined with autogenous bone marrow to enhance fusion in the thoracic and lumbar spines in rabbits. Thirteen rabbits were operated on, using a posterior approach. A combined intertransverse and interspinous fusion was performed. Fusion was achieved first in the lumbar segments, then in the thoraco-lumbar segments and lastly in the thoracic segments. The best results were achieved in the lumbar spine, where complete fusion occurred in 83%. The combination of demineralized bone matrix and autogenous bone marrow proved to be a reliable transplant material for experimental spinal fusion.
Reconstruction of Mammalian Cells from Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Components Separated by Treatment with Cytochalasin B (1974)

Mouse L929 cells were separated into enucleated cytoplasmic components (cytoplasts) and nucleated subcellular fractions (karyoplasts) in the presence of cytochalasin B. Karyoplasts from cells containing tritiated nuclei were fused, using inactivated Sendai virus, to cytoplasts from cells containing large (1.0-mum diameter) latex spheres in the cytoplasm. Mononucleated cells containing radioactive nuclei and large latex spheres in the cytoplasm were observed among the products of the fusion reaction. Some of these cells were in mitotic configurations. The results indicate that cells capable of undergoing mitosis can be reconstructed from the products of cellular enucleation in the presence of cytochalasin B.
Characterization of the human interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene (1993)

The interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor gamma chain is an essential component of high and intermediate affinity IL-2 receptors (IL-2Rs), playing critical roles for ligand binding and internalization. We report here the isolation and characterization of the genomic locus for human IL-2R gamma, which, like IL-2R beta, is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. The IL-2R gamma gene is composed of eight exons and seven introns and spans approximately 4.2 kilobases. Analogous to the IL-2R beta gene, the two pairs of conserved cysteines typical of cytokine receptor superfamily proteins are located in adjacent exons, and the conserved WSXWS motif is located in the exon preceding the one that encodes the transmembrane domain and a small part of the cytoplasmic domain. In each gene, the remainder of the cytoplasmic domain is encoded by the final two exons. Southern blot analysis suggests that IL-2R gamma is encoded by a single copy gene. Cross-hybridizing sequences were detected in DNA derived from a number of other mammalian species but not from yeast. Primer extension analysis and ribonuclease protection assays revealed that there are three principal transcription initiation sites located 32-38 nucleotides 5' to the translation initiation AUG codon. These sites are upstream of the 5' end of the published IL-2R gamma cDNA sequence. The region 5' to the transcription initiation sites exhibited promoter activity when cloned upstream of the luciferase reporter gene. With this study, the organization of the genes encoding all three chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) of the IL-2 receptor has been determined and promoters for each identified.
Structurally distinct T cell receptor complexes on developmentally distinct T cell populations in severe combined immunodeficiency mice expressing a TCR beta transgene (1993)

T cell differentiation and TCR expression were assessed in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice possessing an already rearranged TCRV beta 8 transgene. Unlike nontransgenic SCID mice, TCRV beta 8-transgenic SCID mice contained a broad spectrum of T cell populations, including both immature thymocytes and mature T cells. In TCRV beta 8-transgenic SCID mice, immature CD4-CD8- and CD4+CD8+ thymocytes expressed surface TCR complexes structurally distinct from those expressed by mature single-positive T cells. Immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes expressed surface TCR beta chains without a clonotypic TCR partner chain and largely without associated CD3 components. In contrast, mature single-positive T cells expressed fully assembled surface TCR complexes containing disulfide-linked heterodimers consisting of transgenic TCR beta chains and endogenous TCR alpha chains. The surface TCR complexes on mature T cells were associated with CD3 components and were competent to transduce TCR-mediated proliferative signals. Thus, T cells at different stages of development in TCRV beta 8-transgenic SCID mice express structurally distinct surface TCR complexes, demonstrating that the developmental stage achieved by T cells in these mice is related to the structure of the surface TCR complexes they express. Indeed, the present results indicate that successful differentiation into single-positive T cells requires surface expression of fully assembled TCR complexes.
A Cross-Platform Mobile Payment Solution Based on Web Technology (2012)

With the rapid development of mobile Internet, more and more companies transfer their business to M-Commerce, and more and more users make consumption payment through mobile devices. However, the diversity of mobile devices and the security of payment are always the key factors that restrict the development of M-Commerce. This paper proposes a secure mobile payment solution that can be integrated quickly, and can effectively solve the cross-platform issues brought by terminal diversity by using Web technology. In order to protect the security of the payment process, the third-generation mobile payment standard CUPMobile of China UnionPay is applied in this solution. Currently, this solution has been successfully applied in the mobile phone payment of China UnionPay and is proved to be feasible by practice.
Fault location using the distributed parameter transmission line model (2000)

Earlier work at Texas A&M University led to the development of transmission line fault location algorithms that were based on synchronized sampling of the voltage and current data from the two ends of the line. The line models used in the algorithms were based on lumped parameter models for electrically short lines, or lossless distributed parameter models for electrically long lines. In this paper, the lossless line model is modified to account for the series losses in the line. The line model equations are then solved in the time domain to accurately locate the fault. Testing of the modified algorithm is performed on a power system belonging to the Western Area Power Administration. Extensive EMTP based simulations are used to generate data that are supplied as inputs to the fault location algorithm. To make the testing as realistic as possible, detailed models of instrument transformers are used in the simulation of the various fault cases.
Synthesis and Metabolic Studies of Host-Directed Inhibitors for Antiviral Therapy (2013)

Targeting host cell factors required for virus replication provides an alternative to targeting pathogen components and represents a promising approach to develop broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics. High-throughput screening (HTS) identified two classes of inhibitors (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>) with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against ortho- and paramyxoviruses including influenza A virus (IAV), measles virus (MeV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3). Hit-to-lead optimization delivered inhibitor, <b>28a</b>, with EC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.88 and 0.81 μM against IAV strain WSN and MeV strain Edmonston, respectively. It was also found that compound <b>28a</b> delivers good stability in human liver S9 fractions with a half-life of 165 minutes. These data establish <b>28a</b> as a promising lead for antiviral therapy through a host-directed mechanism.
Chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma (2006)

Despite the limited efficacy of systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, it remains the gold standard in the case of patients with a good performance status and no major comorbidities for whom radical surgery is unsuitable. Various drugs have been employed as monochemotherapy with response rates ranging from 0 to 20%. Many Phase III trials have compared the role of polychemotherapy with that of single-agent chemotherapy, or evaluated the impact of biological response modifiers alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. However, the current scenario does not seem to be significantly different from the situation of 20 or 30 years ago. To date, no single drug, combination chemotherapy in addition to a hormonal or biotherapy compound, has demonstrated an overall survival benefit in a randomized clinical trial.
Development of a simple device for measurement of rotational knee laxity (2007)

The goal of this study was to develop a new device for the measurement of rotational knee laxity and to measure intra-observer and inter-observer reliability in a cadaveric study. An array of established tools was utilized to design the device with a basis that consists of an Aircast Foam Walkertrade mark boot. A load cell was attached to the boot with a handle bar for application of moments about the knee. An electromagnetic tracking system was used to record the motion of the tibia with respect to the femur. The total arc of motion ranged from 23 degrees at full extension to 46 degrees at 90 degrees of knee flexion. The intra-tester ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 0.99. The ICC for inter-tester reliability ranged from 0.95 to 0.99. In summary, the new device for measurement of rotational knee laxity is simple, reliable, and can be used in a non-invasive fashion in the office or surgical suite document clinical outcome in terms of rotational knee laxity.
Nanostructured Copper Filaments in Electrochemical Deposition (2001)

In this Letter we report a novel self-organized copper electrodeposition in an ultrathin layer of CuSO4 electrolyte. The macroscopic fingering branches of the deposit consist of long copper filaments covered with periodic corrugated nanostructures. The mechanism of the nanostructure formation is explored and the origin of the significant descent of the branching rate in electrodeposition is discussed. We suggest that this growth phenomenon provides deeper insights into the role of diffusion and migration on pattern formation in electrodeposition.