gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of T Cell Help through a MHC Class I-Restricted TCR (2006)

CD4+ T cells that are activated by a MHC class II/peptide encounter can induce maturation of APCs and promote cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses. Unfortunately, the number of well-defined tumor-specific CD4+ T cell epitopes that can be exploited for adoptive immunotherapy is limited. To determine whether Th cell responses can be generated by redirecting CD4+ T cells to MHC class I ligands, we have introduced MHC class I-restricted TCRs into postthymic murine CD4+ T cells and examined CD4+ T cell activation and helper function in vitro and in vivo. These experiments indicate that Ag-specific CD4+ T cell help can be induced by the engagement of MHC class I-restricted TCRs in peripheral CD4+ T cells but that it is highly dependent on the coreceptor function of the CD8beta-chain. The ability to generate Th cell immunity by infusion of MHC class I-restricted Th cells may prove useful for the induction of tumor-specific T cell immunity in cases where MHC class II-associated epitopes are lacking.
A simple DNA extraction method suitable for PCR detection of genetically modified maize (2007)

The main advantages of the procedure are the quick extraction step, the possibility of non-destructive testing of maize kernels, and the robustness of the PCR-based detection, a consequence of the selection of MON810-matching oligonucleotides yielding intense and highly specific amplicons. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.
Notes- Syntheses of Some 1-Alkylamino-1,1-di(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenylethanes (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- Syntheses of Some 1-Alkylamino-1,1-di(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenylethanesB Shetty and Allan DayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 11, 2057–2059Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1960Publication History Published online19 March 2003Published inissue 1 November 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01081a619https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01081a619research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views114Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Public Opinion, Catholic Press and the Church (1969)

To understand the press in any society, some attempt must be made to find out what society expects of it. What, for instance, is the role of the press in the formation of public opinion? What is the degree of freedom that it should enjoy? What are the limitations to press freedom? Hence, only by looking into the basic assumptions which society holds can an adequate appraisal be made of press performance.
Measurement of Organic Vapors at Sub-TLV® Concentrations Using Fast Gas Chromatography (1990)

Gas chromatography usually is considered too slow a method to be useful for real-time or near real-time monitoring. If the chromatographic system is optimized for speed, however, it is possible to reduce retention times significantly. Recently, a fast gas chromatograph (GC) was described that allows many simple separations to be completed in 10 sec or less. The system features a gas-cooled, electrically heated, capillary cold trap that focuses the sample as an extremely narrow band at the front of the column. In this study the fast GC was used to measure the concentrations of benzene, toluene, and xylene in test atmospheres generated in the laboratory. The measurements then were compared to simultaneous measurements made with a conventional GC. At concentrations ranging from the threshold limit value (TLV) to one-tenth of the TLV, the fast GC decreased retention times by a factor of 10- to 100-fold relative to the conventional GC, with no loss of precision or accuracy. These results indicate that it may be feasible to develop a high-speed monitoring system based on a GC design similar to the one in this study.
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Triggers Granulocyte-Dependent Cytokine-Mediated Lethal Shock in<scp>d</scp>-Galactosamine-Sensitized Mice (1998)

To investigate the capacity of Toxoplasma gondii to induce cytokine-mediated toxicity, we employed a murine model of lethal shock in which hypersensitivity to microbial toxins is induced by D-galactosamine (D-Gal). Animals injected with D-Gal and tachyzoite lysate died within 12 to 24 h, whereas administration of D-Gal or lysate alone was nonlethal. Analyses of plasma cytokines revealed peaks of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and interleukin-12 (IL-12) 1 and 3 to 5 h after injection, respectively, and gradually rising levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) continuing until death. Nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum paralleled IFN-gamma production. Transaminase assays revealed elevated levels of liver-associated enzymes in sera of lethally injected mice, indicating severe hepatic damage. Depletion of IL-12, TNF, IFN-gamma, and NO rescued mice from the lethal effect of antigen (Ag) and D-Gal. T-cell-deficient animals remained sensitive to D-Gal and lysate, suggesting that T lymphocytes do not contribute to the response. Nevertheless, monoclonal antibody (MAb)-mediated granulocyte depletion completely abrogated D-Gal- and Ag-induced mortality and accompanying liver pathology. Finally, mice acutely infected with T. gondii displayed highly elevated NO and liver enzyme levels in serum immediately prior to death, and administration of anti-TNF MAb prolonged survival by approximately 24 h. Our results demonstrate that T. gondii induces lethal inflammatory cytokine shock in D-Gal-sensitized animals and suggest that a similar pathology may contribute to manifestations of acute toxoplasmosis.
Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Tone and Capillary Pressure (1992)

Quantitative recordings of capillary pressure and resistance responses in consecutive large-bore arterial vessels, small arterioles, and veins have provided information about the differentiated sites of action of various vascular control systems and about capillary pressure regulation.
Expression of HA of HPAI H5N1 Virus at US2 Gene Insertion Site of Turkey Herpesvirus Induced Better Protection than That at US10 Gene Insertion Site (2011)

Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) is being widely used as a vector for development of recombinant vaccines and US2 and US10 genes are often chosen as insertion sites for targeted gene expression. However, the different effects of the two genes for generation of recombinant HVT vaccines were unknown. In order to compare the effects of inserted genes in the two sites on the efficacy of the recombinant vaccines, host-protective haemagglutinin (HA) gene of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 was inserted into either US2 or US10 gene locus of the HVT. The resulting US2 (rHVT-US2-HA) or US10 (rHVT-US10-HA) recombinant HVT viruses were used to infect chicken embryo fibroblasts. Plaques and the growth kinetics of rHVT-US2-HA-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts were similar to those of parental HVT whereas rHVT-US10-HA infected chicken embryo fibroblasts had different growth kinetics and plaque formation. The viremia levels in rHVT-US10-HA virus-infected chickens were significantly lower than those of rHVT-US2-HA group on 28 days post infection. The vaccine efficacy of the two recombinant viruses against H5N1 HPAIV and virulent Marek's disease virus was also evaluated in 1-day-old vaccinated chickens. rHVT-US2-HA-vaccinated chickens were better protected with reduced mortality than rHVT-US10-HA-vaccinated animals following HPAIV challenge. Furthermore, the overall hemaglutination inhibition antibody titers of rHVT-US2-HA-vaccinated chickens were higher than those of rHVT-US10-HA-vaccinated chickens. Protection levels against Marek's disease virus challenge following vaccination with either rHVT-US2-HA or rHVT-US10-HA, however, were similar to those of the parental HVT virus. These results, for the first time, indicate that US2 gene provides a favorable foreign gene insertion site for generation of recombinant HVT vaccines.
Remodeling of ACL Allografts is Inhibited by Peracetic Acid Sterilization (2008)

Sterilization of allografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has become an important prerequisite to prevent disease transmission. However, current sterilization techniques impair the biological or mechanical properties of such treated grafts. Peracetic acid (PAA) has been successfully used to sterilize bone allografts without these disadvantages and does not impair the mechanical properties of soft tissue grafts in vitro. We asked whether PAA sterilization would influence recellularization, restoration of crimp length and pattern, and revascularization of ACL grafts during early healing. We used an in vivo sheep model for open ACL reconstruction. We also correlated the histologic findings with the restoration of anteroposterior stability and structural properties during load-to-failure testing. PAA slowed remodeling activity at 6 and 12 weeks compared to nonsterilized allografts and autografts. The mechanical properties of PAA grafts were also reduced compared to these control groups at both time points. We conclude PAA sterilization currently should not be used to sterilize soft tissue grafts typically used in ACL reconstruction.
Effect of <i>rpoB</i> Mutations Conferring Rifampin Resistance on Fitness of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (2004)

Rifampin is a major drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis infections, and increasing rifampin resistance represents a worldwide clinical problem. Resistance to rifampin is caused by mutations in the rpoB gene, encoding the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase. We examined the effect of three different rpoB mutations on the fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifampin-resistant mutants were isolated from a virulent clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis (strain Harlingen) in vitro at a mutation frequency of 2.3 x 10(-8). Mutations in the rpoB gene were identified, and the growth rates of three defined mutants were measured by competition with the susceptible parent strain in laboratory medium and by single cultures in a macrophage cell line and in laboratory medium. All of the mutants showed a decreased growth rate in the three assays. The relative fitness of the mutants varied between 0.29 and 0.96 (that of the susceptible strain was set to 1.0) depending on the specific mutant and assay system. Unexpectedly, the relative fitness ranking of the mutants differed between the different assays. In conclusion, rifampin resistance is associated with a cost that is conditional.
The Rate of Recombination of H Atoms in the Presence of NH<sub>3</sub> (1973)

The rate constant for the homogeneous recombination of H atoms in the presence of NH 3 , with He as carrier gas, has been determined at 298°K in a fast flow system, over the pressure range 1.50 to 4.55 Torr, using e.s.r. technique. A value of either 4.00 × 10 16 or 5.14 × 10 16 cm 6 mol −2 s −1 was calculated, depending upon the rate constant taken, or estimated, from the literature for the recombination in the presence of helium.
Perfectly Secure Message Transmission Revisited (Extended Abstract) (2002)

Achieving secure communications in networks has been one of the most important problems in information technology. Dolev, Dwork, Waarts, and Yung have studied secure message transmission in one-way or two-way channels. They only consider the case when all channels are two-way or all channels are one-way. Goldreich, Goldwasser, and Linial, Franklin and Yung, Franklin and Wright, and Wang and Desmedt have studied secure communication and secure computation in multi-recipient (multicast) models. In a channel (such as Ethernet), one pro- cessor can send the same message - simultaneously and privately - to a fixed subset of processors. In this paper, we shall study necessary and sufficient conditions for achieving secure communications against active adversaries in mixed one-way and two-way channels. We also discuss multicast channels and neighbor network channels.
The identification and characterization of two phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatases (2005)

Numerous inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases catalyze the degradation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P(2)) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P). An alternative pathway to degrade PtdIns-4,5-P(2) is the hydrolysis of PtdIns-4,5-P(2) by a 4-phosphatase, leading to the production of PtdIns-5-P. Whereas the bacterial IpgD enzyme is known to catalyze this reaction, no such mammalian enzyme has been found. We have identified and characterized two previously undescribed human enzymes, PtdIns-4,5-P(2) 4-phosphatase type I and type II, which catalyze the hydrolysis of PtdIns-4,5-P(2) to phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PtdIns-5-P). Both enzymes are ubiquitously expressed and localize to late endosomal/lysosomal membranes in epithelial cells. Overexpression of either enzyme in HeLa cells increases EGF-receptor degradation upon EGF stimulation.
A Dictionary-Based Approach to Identifying Aspects Implied by Adjectives for Opinion Mining (2012)

One of the central problems of opinion mining is to extract aspects of entities or topics that have been evaluated in an opinion sentence or document. Much of the existing research focused on extracting explicit aspects which are nouns and nouns phrases that have ap‐ peared in sentences, e.g., price in �The price of this bike is very high. � (owever, in many cas‐ es, people do not explicitly mention an aspect in a sentence, but the aspect is implied, e.g., �This bike is expensive, � where expensive indicates the price aspect of the bike. Although there are some existing works dealing with the problem, they all used the corpus‐based approach, which has several shortcomings.)n this paper, we propose a dictionary‐based approach to address these shortcomings. We formulate the problem as collective classifica‐ tion. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective and produces sig‐ nificantly better results than strong baselines based on traditional supervised classification.
The Status and Problems of Air Photography (1961)

The lecture deals with the subject of image qualIty in air photography, exciuding mapping techniques as such. Though pOInting out that ‘air photography’ as a technique includes the aeroplane ond ,ts navigation, II concentrates on aspects of general photographic interest. The fundomentol needs and problems of oir photogrophy were seen by L. P, Clerc in a Trail- Taylor Memorial Lecture delivered ,n 1921. Progress since that time hos been brought about by taking advantage of technological advance in sensitive materials, optics electronics etc. rather than by any fundamenlIy new ideas. Panchromatic emulSIons are (aster, more hIghly colour-sensitized and keep beller. Improvements in their physical hardness have ollowed the development of rapid processing techniques. A machine developed by the Royal Aircraft Establishment processes standard types of 70 mm. (11m (e.g., HP. 3.) at 80 (I. per minute for a power consumption of Six kilowatts. Size is 5 ft, 6 in. long by 5 ft. 810. high. Solutions at 110 Fare applied by high pressure ets; dryto- day time is two minutes with washing to commercial standalds. Emulsions having the property 0 constant speed whIle controst varies with development time would be more useful than current emulsions in which the speed varies while contrast remains substantially unchanged. The luminous density relation for effective photographic light versus solar attitude can give serious over-exposure in air photography of desert areas, and it has been shown by photography and photometry that exposure settings for such areas should be based on the illumination on the horizontal plane, which was abandoned for ground photography several years ago. Lenses, particularly wide-angle lenses for survey, have been greatly Improved, both in definlt,on and 10 illumination off-axis: thus it Is possible and pro(ltable to use slower flims with consequently improved angular resolution. Examples are shown of the effect of lighting angles, which though out of control are very Important ;n air photography. The alfcraft camera is briefly compared with lhe eye and the television camera, It Is less sensitive than eIther, but records more IOformation and has the advantage of buit-,n slorage. The latest wide-angie survey cameras cover 120, comparable with the cover of the eyes, at slightly lower angular resolution. Brief reference is made to the coming substitution of resolution tests by “frequency response” or “contrasl-lransfer” methods. Experimental evidence is given of the value of such methods ,n predicting accurately the effect of movement on image quality.
A pulse shape discrimination gamma-ray detector based on a silicon drift chamber coupled to a CsI(Tl) scintillator: prospects for a 1 keV-1 MeV monolithic detector (2004)

In this paper, an X- and gamma-ray detector based on a silicon drift detector (SDD) coupled to a CsI(Tl) scintillating crystal is presented. The SDD is operated both as a direct X-ray detector for photons interacting in silicon and as an indirect detector for photons interacting in the scintillator. As interactions in silicon and in CsI yield different amounts of charge per unit energy deposited, discrimination of the place of interaction is necessary to obtain the correct energy. Discrimination of the interaction type is carried out by means of pulse shape discrimination performed with two parallel processing chains with different shaping times. The performance of the detectors are described and discussed. Pulse shape discrimination is possible throughout the detector energy range.
Multivariable feedback design: concepts for a classical/modern synthesis (1980)

A practical design perspective on multivariable feedback control problems is presented. The basic issue - feedback design in the face of uncertainites - is reviewed and known SISO statements and constraints of the design problem to MIMO cases are generalized. Two major MIMO design approaches are then evaluated in the context of these results.
Influence of Communication Delay on the Performance of Fuzzy Logic-Controlled Braking Resistor Against Transient Stability (2008)

This paper analyzes the influence of communication delays introduced in online calculation of the global input variable of the fuzzy logic controller for braking resistor (BR) switching on the transient stability of a multi-machine power system. The time derivative of the total kinetic energy deviation ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</i> ) of the synchronous generators is used as the global input of the fuzzy logic controller in this work. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is proposed for the practical implementation of the calculation of the global input of the fuzzy controller. Communication delays may affect the control system, and consequently, the transient stability of the power system also. A prediction function is proposed to minimize the negative effect caused by the communication delay on the transient stability. Also, the performance of the fuzzy logic-controlled BR is compared to that of the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controlled BR. Simulation results of both balanced and unbalanced faults at different points in the system show that the communication delay associated with the fuzzy controller input calculation has an influence on the transient stability. Moreover, the negative effect caused by the communication delay on the transient stability enhancement using fuzzy-controlled BR can be minimized by the prediction method. Also, the performance of the fuzzy logic-controlled BR is better than that of the PI-controlled BR.
Interaction of fibronectin and fibronectin binding protein (FnBP) of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>with murine phagocytes and lymphocytes (1992)

In the present study we examined the in vitro and in vivo interactions of a cloned staphylococcal fibronectin binding protein (FnBP) and plasma fibronectin (Fn) with polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and macrophages, and how antibodies against FnBP affect the phagocytosis process in vitro. Moreover, the interaction of FnBP and Fn coupled on latex beads as 'artificial bacteria' and 'artificially opsonized bacteria' with murine spleen cells and peritoneal macrophages was tested. The major finding of the present study is that antibodies against the FnBP of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and low concentration of antibodies recognized two IgG-binding domains of protein A (SpA) are effective in the promotion of phagocytosis in vitro. It was also observed that FnBP has a chemoattractant activity and causes accumulation of PMNs and macrophages in the mouse peritoneal cavity when injected 24 h before irritation of peritoneal exudate. It seems likely that this activity is connected with binding to Fn molecules since formalin inactivation of FnBP (60%) abolished it. In the in vitro phagocytosis assay in the presence of FnBP (in a medium supplemented with serum depleted of Fn), ingestion of bacteria by phagocytes was identical to assay carried out in the presence of BSA. However, addition of plasma fibronectin caused an increased uptake of bacteria by macrophages and to a lesser degree by PMNs. We observed that in a population of normal splenocytes, those cells that effectively bound FnBP- and Fn-coated latex beads were mostly those cells exhibiting macrophage and dendritic morphology. In populations of spleen cells of animal infected with S. aureus, T lymphocytes were also found to bind FnBP- and Fn-coated latex beads. These data suggest that FnBP may have the ability to promote aggregation of immune cells, either directly or by interaction with plasma Fn, which can be helpful in certain cell-cell interactions taking place at the initial stages of specific immune response.
Group lasso with overlap and graph lasso (2009)

We propose a new penalty function which, when used as regularization for empirical risk minimization procedures, leads to sparse estimators. The support of the sparse vector is typically a union of potentially overlapping groups of co-variates defined a priori, or a set of covariates which tend to be connected to each other when a graph of covariates is given. We study theoretical properties of the estimator, and illustrate its behavior on simulated and breast cancer gene expression data.