gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 3D Interconnected Microchannel Network Formed in Gelatin by Sacrificial Shellac Microfibers (2012)

3D microfluidic networks are fabricated in a gelatin hydrogel using sacrificial melt-spun microfibers made from a material with pH-dependent solubility. The fibers, after being embedded within the gel, can be removed by changing the gel pH to induce dissolution. This process is performed in an entirely aqueous environment, avoiding extreme temperatures, low pressures, and toxic organic solvents. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Pet food and feed applications of inulin, oligofructose and other oligosaccharides (2002)

Prebiotics may be considered as functional food ingredients. They are attracting considerable interest from pet owners, pet food manufacturers, livestock producers and feed manufacturers. The most common forms of prebiotics are nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDO), including inulin, oligofructose mannanoligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharides, and galacto-oligosaccharides. These NDO are nondigestible by enzymes present in the mammalian small intestine, but are fermented by bacteria present in the hindgut of nonruminants. Inulin and oligofructose are present in measurable quantities in feed ingredients like wheat, wheat by-products, barley, and peanut hulls. Consumption of prebiotic oligosaccharides elicits several purported health benefits. In companion animals, prebiotics have been shown to improve gut microbial ecology and enhance stool quality. In production livestock and poultry, prebiotics are employed to control pathogenic bacteria, reduce faecal odour, and enhance growth performance. Research to date indicates positive effects of prebiotics on health status and performance of companion animals, livestock, and poultry.
Two level job-scheduling strategies for a computational grid (2006)

Abstract. We address parallel jobs scheduling problem for computational GRID systems. We concentrate on two-level hierarchy scheduling: at the first level broker allocates computational jobs to parallel computers. At the second level each computer generates schedules of the parallel jobs assigned to it by its own local scheduler. Selection, allocation strategies, and efficiency of proposed hierarchical scheduling algorithms are discussed. 1
A New Buffer System for Disc Electrophoresis Suitable for Slightly Basic Proteins (1972)

Journal Article A New Buffer System for Disc Electrophoresis Suitable for Slightly Basic Proteins Get access Hiroko TAMURA, Hiroko TAMURA Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Endocrinology, Gunma UniversityMaebashi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nobuo UI Nobuo UI Department of Physical Biochemistry, Institute of Endocrinology, Gunma UniversityMaebashi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 71, Issue 3, March 1972, Pages 543–545, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a129794 Published: 01 March 1972 Article history Received: 04 August 1971 Published: 01 March 1972
Automated optical quality inspection of light emitting diodes (2006)

In this paper we describe a machine vision system for automatic optical quality inspection of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The proposed system is capable of measuring the intensity, mean colour, colour variation, divergence of the optical axis from the mechanical one and viewing angle of the emitted light. These optical properties are obtained by analysing the image of the light projected on a screen. A detailed analysis of the repeatability and thermal stability of the system was performed. The obtained results show that the proposed system is a powerful tool for automatic sorting of LEDs as it is capable of measuring the above-mentioned optical properties with high repeatability.
Molecular alignment of polymer liquid crystals in shear flows. 1. Spectrographic birefringence technique, steady-state orientation, and normal stress behavior in poly(benzyl glutamate) solutions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular alignment of polymer liquid crystals in shear flows. 1. Spectrographic birefringence technique, steady-state orientation, and normal stress behavior in poly(benzyl glutamate) solutionsK. Hongladarom, W. R. Burghardt, S. G. Baek, S. Cementwala, and J. J. MagdaCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 4, 772–784Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00056a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00056a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views662Altmetric-Citations77LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Flutter of Mistuned Turbomachinery Rotors (1984)

An investigation of the fundamental aspects of flutter in mistuned turbomachinery rotors is presented. Perturbation methods are used to obtain asymptotic solutions to arbitrary order in the mistuning parameter. These solutions require only the knowledge of the eigensolution of the tuned system, and thus provide efficient formulas for calculating the effect of mistuning without solving a new eigenvalue problem. Numerical results presented for design parameters representative of fan rotors indicate that a critical reduced frequency exists, below which mistuning alone cannot stabilize the rotor. The sensitivity of the stability boundaries to mistuning was found to depend fundamentally on relations between the left and right eigenvectors. For systems where the left and right eigenvectors form complex conjugate pairs, mistuning cannot destabilize the system unless the reduced frequency of the least stable mode is decreased by the perturbation. In general, only cascades and rotors with a single degree-of-freedom per blade belong to this class.
The mechanism of polysaccharide production from sucrose. 4. Isolation and probable structures of oligosaccharides formed from sucrose by a levansucrase system (1956)

Research Article| October 01 1956 The mechanism of polysaccharide production from sucrose. 4. Isolation and probable structures of oligosaccharides formed from sucrose by a levansucrase system D. S. Feingold; D. S. Feingold 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G. Avigad; G. Avigad 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Hestrin S. Hestrin 1Laboratory of Microbiological Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1956) 64 (2): 351–361. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0640351 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation D. S. Feingold, G. Avigad, S. Hestrin; The mechanism of polysaccharide production from sucrose. 4. Isolation and probable structures of oligosaccharides formed from sucrose by a levansucrase system. Biochem J 1 October 1956; 64 (2): 351–361. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0640351 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1956 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1956 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Noise Spectra and Directivity for a Scale-Model Landing Gear (2009)

An extensive experimental study has been conducted to acquire detailed noise spectra and directivity data for a high-fidelity, 6.3%-scale, Boeing 777 main landing gear. The measurements were conducted in the NASA Langley Quiet Flow Facility using a 41-microphone directional array system positioned at a range of polar and azimuthal observer angles with respect to the model. DAMAS (Deconvolution Approach for the Mapping of Acoustic Sources) array processing as well as straightforward individual microphone processing were employed to compile unique flyover and sideline directivity databases for a range of freestream Mach numbers (0.11 – 0.17) covering typical approach conditions. Comprehensive corrections were applied to the test data to account for shear layer ray path and amplitude variations. This allowed proper beamforming at different measurement orientations, as well as directivity presentation in free-field emission coordinates. Four different configurations of the landing gear were tested: a baseline configuration with and without an attached side door, and a noise reduction concept “toboggan” truck fairing with and without side door. Spectral analyses demonstrated that individual microphones could establish model spectra. This finding permitted the determination of unique, spatially-detailed directivity contours of spectral band levels over a hemispherical surface. Spectral scaling for the baseline model confirmed that the acoustic intensity scaled with the expected sixth-power of the Mach number. A comparison of spectra and directivity between the baseline gear and the gear with an attached toboggan indicated that the toboggan fairing may be of some value in reducing gear noise over particular frequency ranges. Finally, spectrum results were scaled quantitatively to data obtained from flyover tests of a full-scale 777 aircraft. The comparison showed good agreement in frequency and level, suggesting the general applicability of the model-scale noise results.
Chemical Synthesis of a 5‘-Terminal TMG-Capped Triribonucleotide m<sub>3</sub><sup>2,2,7</sup>G<sup>5</sup><sup>‘</sup>pppAmpUmpA of U1 RNA (1996)

The 5'-terminal TMG-capped triribonucleotide, m(3)(2,2,7)G(5)(')pppAmpUmpA, has been synthesized by condensation of an appropriately protected triribonucleotide derivative of ppAmpUmpA with a new TMG-capping reagent. During this total synthesis, it was found that the regioselective 2'-O-methylation of 3',5'-O-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane-1,3-diyl)-N-(4-monomethoxytrityl)adenosine was achieved by use of MeI/Ag(2)O without affecting the base moiety. A new route to 2-N,2-N-dimethylguanosine from guanosine via a three-step reaction has also been developed by reductive methylation using paraformaldehyde and sodium cyanoborohydride. These key intermediates were used as starting materials for the construction of a fully protected derivative of pAmpUmpA and a TMG-capping reagent of Im-pm(3)(2,2,7)G. The target TMG-capped tetramer, m(3)(2,2,7)G(5)(')pppAmpUmpA, was synthesized by condensation of a partially protected triribonucleotide 5'-terminal diphosphate species, ppA(MMTr)mpUmpA, with Im-pm(3)(2,2,7)G followed by treatment with 80% acetic acid. The structure of m(3)(2,2,7)G(5)(')pppAmpUmpA was characterized by (1)H and (31)P NMR spectroscopy as well as enzymatic assay using snake venom phosphodiesterase, calf intestinal phosphatase, and nuclease P1.
Use of personal computers in satellite command and control systems (2002)

The use of personal computers has increased dramatically over the last 20 years. They have transformed the workplace and become essential to many aspects of daily business and academic endeavors. For over 30 years, satellite command and control systems have used computers, but only in recent years have PCs been used in roles other than the traditional office applications like word processing and email. This paper looks at the advances in technology since PCs were first introduced in the 1980s and how they are currently being used in satellite command and control systems. Just as the PC has transformed the office environment, it is poised to transform the traditional paradigms associated with flying satellites.
Data-Mining Approach to Production Control in the Computer-Integrated Testing Cell (2004)

This paper presents a data-mining-based production control approach for the testing and rework cell in a dynamic computer-integrated manufacturing system. The proposed competitive decision selector (CDS) observes the status of the system and jobs at every decision point, and makes its decision on job preemption and dispatching rules in real time. The CDS equipped with two algorithms combines two different knowledge sources, the long-run performance and the short-term performance of each rule on the various status of the system. The short-term performance information is mined by a data-mining approach from large-scale training data generated by simulation with data partition. A decision tree-based module generates classification rules on each partitioned data that are suitable for interpretation and verification by users and stores the rules in the CDS knowledge bases. Experimental results show that the CDS dynamic control is better than other common control rules with respect to the number of tardy jobs.
Electrical evaluation of hydrated diameter dependent thickness of electric double layer in nanochannel (2013)

The electric behavior in nanochannel is distinct from larger scaled channels. The size of electric double layer (EDL) in the proximity to the inner surface of the nanochannel is partially or fully overlapped each other with decreasing the width of the channel. However, the detail of static and dynamic ionic distribution in nanochannel has not been measured yet. In this paper, EDL thickness and electric mobility of ions in nanochannel were directly measured by electrical impedance spectroscopy with the various ionic strength and monovalent ion species (KCl, NaCl, and LiCl). As a result, it was revealed that the hydrated diameter strongly effects on the formation of EDL and electric properties of ions.
Socially Inspired Motion Planning for Mobile Robots in Populated Environments (2008)

Abstract—Nowadays, robots often operate in environments that they share with humans. The ability to act similar to humans is an important prerequisite for the social acceptance of robots. In this paper, we consider the problem of navigation in populated environments. We present a path planning algorithm that enables robots to move efficiently and smoothly with groups of people by selecting those individuals that move towards the robot’s desired goal. Our technique is based on a people tracking system in combination with an iterative A * planner. The approach iteratively finds both, a path and a partition of the set of surrounding people into obstacles and subjects to follow. In the absence of people, the optimal solution is still found by the A* planner. Theapproach hasbeen implemented and testedon areal mobile robot in populated environments. Experiments illustrate that the robot is able to move with groups of people resulting in a more human-like way of navigation among people. I.
Connections Matter: Channeled Hydrogels to Improve Vascularization (2014)

The use of cell-laden hydrogels to engineer soft tissue has been emerging within the past years. Despite, several newly developed and sophisticated techniques to encapsulate different cell types the importance of vascularization of the engineered constructs is often underestimated. As a result, cell death within a construct leads to impaired function and inclusion of the implant. Here, we discuss the fabrication of hollow channels within hydrogels as a promising strategy to facilitate vascularization. Furthermore, we present an overview on the feasible use of removable spacers, 3D laser-, and planar processing strategies to create channels within hydrogels. The implementation of these structures promotes control over cell distribution and increases oxygen transport and nutrient supply in vitro. However, many studies lack the use of endothelial cells in their approaches leaving out an important factor to enhance vessel ingrowth and anastomosis formation upon implantation. In addition, the adequate endothelial cell type needs to be considered to make these approaches bridge the gap to in vivo applications.
Dissociation constants of substituted phenols and homoconjugation constants of the corresponding phenol–phenolate systems in acetonitrile (1993)

Dissociation constants of 25 phenols and homoconjugation constants of 14 phenol–phenolate systems in acetonitrile have been determined from emf measurements. From these results a linear relationship log KANa= 1.9 pKaH2O+ 8.3 has been derived. Stronger homoconjugation of weaker proton donors has been found to be a result of various (steric, inductive, mesomeric, charge delocalization) effects; however, the increase of homoconjugation constants with electron density at the phenolic oxygen seems to be unquestionable. Ten hydrogen bis-phenolates were prepared to complete this study, some of which crystallized well from water.
Fabricating Nanocrystalline Diamond Ceramics by a Shock Compaction Method (1990)

Nanocrystalline diamond ceramics—namely, polycrystalline diamond compact consisting of ultrafine grains (one to hundreds of nanometers)—have been produced without any sintering additives via a shock compaction method using commercial diamond powders which consist of monocrystalline or shock‐synthesized polycrystalline particles less than 1 μ in diameter. The method exploits plastic deformation of diamond and requires a precise spatial and timely partitioning of shock‐induced thermal energy. Although much yet remains to be done for practical applications, the superior advantages of using ultrafine powders are supported by the experimental results and the theoretical modeling and considerations which are applicable to advanced ceramics.
Structure-Based Mutational Analysis of the Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Helicase (2001)

The carboxyl terminus of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) possesses ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity. Based on the conserved sequence motifs and the crystal structures of the helicase domain, 17 mutants of the HCV NS3 helicase were generated. The ATP hydrolysis, RNA binding, and RNA unwinding activities of the mutant proteins were examined in vitro to determine the functional role of the mutated residues. The data revealed that Lys-210 in the Walker A motif and Asp-290, Glu-291, and His-293 in the Walker B motif were crucial to ATPase activity and that Thr-322 and Thr-324 in motif III and Arg-461 in motif VI significantly influenced ATPase activity. When the pairing between His-293 and Gln-460, referred to as gatekeepers, was replaced with the Asp-293/His-460 pair, which makes the NS3 helicase more like the DEAD helicase subgroup, ATPase activity was not restored. It thus indicated that the whole microenvironment surrounding the gatekeepers, rather than the residues per se, was important to the enzymatic activities. Arg-461 and Trp-501 are important residues for RNA binding, while Val-432 may only play a coadjutant role. The data demonstrated that RNA helicase activity was possibly abolished by the loss of ATPase activity or by reduced RNA binding activity. Nevertheless, a low threshold level of ATPase activity was found sufficient for helicase activity. Results in this study provide a valuable reference for efforts under way to develop anti-HCV therapeutic drugs targeting NS3.
Populated IP addresses (2012)

Populated IP addresses (PIP) -- IP addresses that are associated with a large number of user requests are important for online service providers to efficiently allocate resources and to detect attacks. While some PIPs serve legitimate users, many others are heavily abused by attackers to conduct malicious activities such as scams, phishing, and malware distribution. Unfortunately, commercial proxy lists like Quova have a low coverage of PIP addresses and offer little support for distinguishing good PIPs from abused ones. In this study, we propose PIPMiner, a fully automated method to extract and classify PIPs through analyzing service logs. Our methods combine machine learning and time series analysis to distinguish good PIPs from abused ones with over 99.6% accuracy. When applying the derived PIP list to several applications, we can identify millions of malicious Windows Live accounts right on the day of their sign-ups, and detect millions of malicious Hotmail accounts well before the current detection system captures them.
The danger within: endogenous danger signals, atopy and asthma (2008)

In allergic asthmatics, airway inflammation is triggered by specific (inhalation of allergen such as house dust mite allergen and pollen spores) or non-specific triggers (such as air pollutants and viral infection). Most of these inhaled particles are immunologically inert. Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for priming and T helper-2 differentiation of naïve T cells towards aeroallergens. Contamination of antigens with pattern-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is required to activate DCs to mount an immune response. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as uric acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), also contribute to the induction of inflammation by activation and recruitment of various inflammatory cells. Compelling evidence suggests that a tight collaboration between PAMPs and DAMPs is needed to start an immune response to allergens. Several studies have recently demonstrated an important role of endogenous danger signals at the inception and maintenance phase of allergic disease. Further research into this area should focus on the possible role of these factors in maintenance of chronic disease and induction of airway remodelling.
Effect of Oxide Films on the Corrosion Resistance of Titanium (1981)

A comparison of the corrosion and hydrogen uptake resistance of pickled, anodized, and thermally oxidized titanium is made. In general, thermal oxidation appears to offer better protection than the anodized or the pickled condition, thus, offering improved performance in heat exchanger applications as compared to the anodized coating that is traditionally specified for marginal service.
Integrated waveguide/photodiodes using vertical impedance matching (1990)

A novel ‘‘vertical impedance matching’’ approach is demonstrated to improve absorption in evanescently coupled, integrated waveguide/photodiodes by 500% over conventional structures. Our devices exhibit both high absorption at short length (90% at 190 μm) and efficient fiber butt coupling (42%) at 1.3–1.55 μm wavelengths. Unusual transient phenomena are observed in such impedance-matched devices and discussed theoretically.