gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cyclosporin and oxidized low density lipoproteins synergistically potentiate vasoconstriction: influence of the endothelium. (1993)

Cyclosporin (CyA) and oxidatively modified low density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) are known to cause vasoconstriction, observations of possible clinical significance because lipid disorders favouring the formation of Ox-LDL are common in patients under CyA treatment. We hypothesized that co-incubation of isolated arteries with Ox-LDL and CyA might enhance their respective influence on vascular tone. We investigated vascular reactivity of isolated intact rabbit renal arteries pre-incubated with CyA in the presence of native and Ox-LDL. Following pre-incubation of the arteries with CyA (10 micrograms.ml-1, 90 min), both unstimulated vascular tone as well as norepinephrine-induced vasoconstrictions remained unchanged compared to controls preincubated with the CyA-vehicle di-methyl-sulfoxide. Ox-LDL (100 micrograms.ml-1) in the absence of CyA significantly enhanced vasoconstrictions to threshold concentrations of norepinephrine (78 +/- 10 microns at 30 nM). However, following CyA treatment, the Ox-LDL-induced potentiation of contractile responses to norepinephrine was further enhanced (157 +/- 19 vs 71 +/- 11 microns). Native LDL had no influence on vascular tone. Potentiation of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction by Ox-LDL took place in either endothelium-denuded or endothelium-intact arteries, whereas the further enhancement of vascular tone following CyA treatment was seen only in endothelium-intact segments. Endothelium-dependent dilations to acetylcholine were fully preserved following Ox-LDL and CyA treatment. Indomethacin, saralasin, and the thromboxane A2 antagonist daltroban had no influence, whereas the Ca2+ antagonists nitrendipine and verapamil prevented the potentiation of vasoconstrictions by CyA and Ox-LDL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Near-equilibrium growth of micropipe-free 6H-SiC single crystals by physical vapor transport (1998)

A process for growing micropipe-free single crystals has been developed by using the modified Lely method. The process parameters were kept close to thermal equilibrium. The maximum average thermal gradient inside the growth furnace leading to micropipe-free growth was 5 K/cm. A gradient of 7.5 K/cm already resulted in a strong defect formation and produced a high density of micropipes (&gt;200 cm−2). The highest achieved growth rate providing micropipe-free growth was 0.27 mm/h. For the employed parameter range, 6H-SiC single boule crystals were grown on both the C face and the Si face of 6H-SiC Lely platelets. The grown crystals are electrically and optically characterized.
Immunological lesions in human uracil DNA glycosylase: association with Bloom syndrome. (1988)

Three monoclonal antibodies that react with uracil DNA glycosylase of normal human placenta were tested to determine whether one of the antibodies could be used as a negative marker for Bloom syndrome. As defined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, monoclonal antibody 40.10.09, which reacts with normal human glycosylase, neither recognized nor inhibited native uracil DNA glycosylase from any of five separate Bloom syndrome cell strains. Immunoblot analyses demonstrated that the denatured glycosylase protein from all five Bloom syndrome cell strains was immunoreactive with the 40.10.09 antibody. Further, each native enzyme was immunoreactive with two other anti-human placental uracil DNA glycosylase monoclonal antibodies. In contrast, ELISA reactivity was observed with all three monoclonal antibodies in reactions of glycosylases from 5 normal human cell types and 13 abnormal human cell strains. These results experimentally verify the specificity of the aberrant reactivity of the Bloom syndrome uracil DNA glycosylase. The possibility arises that determination of the lack of immunoreactivity with antibody 40.10.09 may have value in the early diagnosis of Bloom syndrome.
Modal and Nodal EHD Analysis for Gas Journal Bearings (2005)

This paper presents a novel finite element elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis appropriate for gas journal bearings under dynamic conditions. The method employs gas pressure as a state variable, and structural sleeve deformation is represented by a linear combination of pre-selected mode shapes obtained from a related eigenvalue problem. The method takes into account temporal variation of journal position and velocity, and second-order slip flow boundary effects are included at no additional computational cost. The formulation is subsequently applied to a particular example (flexible large-aspect ratio, high-speed, MEMS-scale journal microbearing), where it is shown that a judicious choice of structural sleeve elasticity can significantly improve bearing performance (as measured by pressure distribution and load capacity) when compared with results obtained using rigid bearing surfaces.
Recombination and Transport Processes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Investigated under Working Conditions (2006)

The transport and recombination of electrons in dye-sensitized TiO(2) solar cells were studied by analysis of the current and voltage response to a small square-wave light-intensity modulation. Solar cells were studied under working conditions by using potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions. An increase in applied voltage, that is, from 0 V toward open-circuit voltage, was found to lead to faster electron transport at low light intensities, while it slowed transport at higher light intensities. This observation seems to be conflicting with the multiple trapping model with diffusive transport. An effective diffusion length at the maximum power point was calculated, and it was shown that it decreases with increasing light intensity.
Evaluation and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers (2006)

D iabetic foot problems, such as ulcerations, infections, and gangrene, are the most common cause of hospitalization among diabetic patients. Routine ulcer care, treatment of infections, amputations, and hospitalizations cost billions of dollars every year and place a tremendous burden on the health care system.

The average cost of healing a single ulcer is $8,000, that of an infected ulcer is $17,000, and that of a major amputation is $45,000. More than 80,000 amputations are performed each year on diabetic patients in the United States, and ∼ 50% of the people with amputations will develop ulcerations and infections in the contralateral limb within 18 months. An alarming 58% will have a contralateral amputation 3-5 years after the first amputation. In addition, the 3-year mortality after a first amputation has been estimated as high as 20-50%, and these numbers have not changed much in the past 30 years, despite huge advances in the medical and surgical treatment of patients with diabetes.

“The majority of foot ulcers appear to result from minor trauma in the presence of sensory neuropathy.” This famous but simple quote from McNeely et al.1 best describes the critical triad most commonly seen in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: peripheral sensory neuropathy, deformity, and trauma. All three of these risk factors are present in 65% of diabetic foot ulcers. Calluses, edema, and peripheral vascular disease have also been identified as etiological factors in the development of diabetic foot ulcers.

Although the pathogenesis of peripheral sensory neuropathy is still poorly understood, there seem to be multiple mechanisms involved, including the formation of advanced glycosylated end products and diacylglycerol, oxidative stress, and activation of protein kinase Cβ. Furthermore, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial2 and other prospective studies have confirmed the pivotal role of hyperglycemia in the onset and …
Automatic detection of parallel applications computation phases (2009)

Analyzing parallel programs has become increasingly difficult due to the immense amount of information collected on large systems. The use of clustering techniques has been proposed to analyze applications. However, while the objective of previous works is focused on identifying groups of processes with similar characteristics, we target a much finer granularity in the application behavior. In this paper, we present a tool that automatically characterizes the different computation regions between communication primitives in message-passing applications. This study shows how some of the clustering algorithms which may be applicable at a coarse grain are no longer adequate at this level. Density-based clustering algorithms applied to the performance counters offered by modern processors are more appropriate in this context. This tool automatically generates accurate displays of the structure of the application as well as detailed reports on a broad range of metrics for each individual region detected.
Chemomechanics in the Moisture-Induced Malleability of Polyimine-Based Covalent Adaptable Networks (2018)

The moisture-induced malleability of polyimine-based covalent adaptable networks (CANs) enables the thermosets to be reprocessed and recycled at ambient temperature using only water, which leads to an energy-neutral green processing of the materials. This paper provides both experimental and theoretical studies to understand the effects of temperature and moisture content on the kinetics of bond exchange reactions (BERs), malleability, in situ softening, and damping effects of polyimine-based CANs. The study shows that the temperature and moisture content are equivalent in affecting the time scale of network stress relaxation. A time–temperature–moisture superposition principle is therefore established. The modeling theory identifies the critical thicknesses when the network relaxation is dominated by the moisture diffusion or the intrinsic BER kinetics. It also probes the transition region of polyimine CANs underwater, in which the glassy solid samples gradually transform into the malleable state with an enhanced damping ratio.
<title>Investigation of cavitation bubble dynamics using particle image velocimetry: implications for photoacoustic drug delivery</title> (1996)

Photoacoustic drug delivery is a technique for delivering drugs to localized areas in the body. In cardiovascular applications, it uses a laser pulse to generate a cavitation bubble in a blood vessel due to the absorption of laser energy by targets (e.g., blood clots) or surrounding liquids (e.g., blood or injected saline). The hydrodynamic pressure arising from the expansion and collapse of the cavitation bubble can force the drug into the clots and tissue wall tissue. Time-resolved particle image velocimetry was used to investigate the flow of liquids during the expansion and collapse of cavitation bubbles near a soft boundary. A gelatin-based thrombus model was used to simulate the blood clot present during laser thrombolysis. An argon laser chopped by an acousto-optic modulator was used for illumination and photography was achieved using a CCD camera. The implications of this phenomenon on practical photoacoustic drug delivery implementation are discussed.
HIV and other viruses in surgery: a continued occupational risk. (1993)

Hepatitis viruses and HIV represent known and suspected occupational risks to surgeons. A better understanding of these diseases will allow surgeons to provide better and more compassionate care for their patients. It is essential that surgeons view blood as a toxic substance in the operating room. Reducing potential risks can be achieved best by improvement of operating room barriers, modification of techniques used in operations, and a prompt response when blood contact or exposure occurs. Mandatory or socially imposed voluntary testing for HIV testing for patients and physicians (1) is unnecessary; (2) is expensive; and (3) continues the socio-political debate about this disease. It is time for HIV to be treated like a disease and not a social pariah. To do otherwise will result in denial of care for patients and will result in yet another adversarial issue to be interposed between surgeons and patients.
Hybrid ZnON–Organic Light Emitting Transistors with Low Threshold Voltage <5 V (2019)

Abstract The electrical and optical properties of inorganic–organic hybrid light emitting transistors (HLETs) are investigated, which are fabricated using the n‐type semiconductor zinc‐oxynitride (ZnON) as an electron transporting layer and the poly( p ‐phenylene vinylene)‐based copolymer, Super Yellow (SY), as the light emitting layer. Additionally, the influence of various source (S)–drain (D) electrodes (Al, Ag, and Au) with different work functions (WFs) (4.1, 4.6, and 5.1 eV, respectively) on the performance of HLETs is studied. In order to increase the rate of hole injection from the metal electrodes and increase hole accumulation at the emissive layer, the use of a molybdenum oxide (MoO x ) interlayer is also investigated. As a result, optimized devices using MoO x /Au hole injecting electrodes yield high brightness of up to 3.04 × 10 4 cd∙m −2 at a low threshold voltage of 4.79 V. This study provides valuable information about the role of the WF of S–D electrodes in HLETs, which may be exploited to improve the device performance of optoelectronic devices in the future.
A CONVERSATIONAL AGENT FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL BASED ON A STUDY OF HUMAN DIALOGUES (2012)

This study strives to improve medical information search in the CISMEF system by including a conversational agent to interact with the user in natural language. Experimentation has been set up to obtain human dialogues between a user dealing with medical information search and a CISMEF expert refining the request. We extend the GODIS dialogue system with dialogue strategies in order to support system digressions. A model of an artificial agent has been implemented.
S—R—r(S)—R—r(S) (1978)

S—R—r(S)—R—r(S) Get access Merilyn Wiler, MT(ASCP) SBB Merilyn Wiler, MT(ASCP) SBB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 9, Issue 6, 1 June 1978, Page 7, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/9.6.7 Published: 01 June 1978
Minimum power and area n-tier multilevel interconnect architectures using optimal repeater insertion (2000)

Minimum power CMOS ASIC macrocells are designed by minimizing the macrocell area using a new methodology to optimally insert repeaters for n-tier multilevel interconnect architectures. The minimum macrocell area and power dissipation are projected for the 100, 70 and 50 nm technology generations and compared with a n-tier design without using repeaters. Repeater insertion and a novel interconnect geometry scaling technique decrease the power dissipation by 58-68% corresponding to a macrocell area reduction of 70-78% for the global clock frequency designs of these three technology generations.
Dispersion copolymerization of poly(oxyethylene) macromonomers and styrene (1997)

The kinetics of dispersion copolymerization of methacryloyl-terminated poly(oxyethylene) (PEO-MA) and p-vinylbenzyl-terminated (PEO-St) polyoxyethylene macromonomers and styrene (St), initiated by a water- and/or oil-soluble initiator, was investigated using conventional gravimetric and NMR methods at 60°C. The batch copolymerizations in the water/ethanol continuous phase were conducted to high conversion. The rate of polymerization was described by the curve with a maximum at very low conversion. The initial rate of polymerization and the number-average molecular weight were found to decrease with increasing [PEO-MA], and the decrease was more pronounced in the range of a high macromonomer concentration. The rate per particle (at ca. 20% conversion) was found to be proportional to the −1.55th, the particle size to the −0.92nd, and the number of particles (at final conversion) to the 3.2nd power of [PEO-MA], respectively. At the beginning of polymerization the continuous phase is the main reaction locus. As the polymerization advances, the reaction locus is shifted from the continuous phase to the polymer particles. The transform of the reaction loci from the continuous phase to the polymer particles increases the rate of polymerization and the polymer molecular weights. The increase of the weight ratio PEO-MA/St favors the formation of monodisperse polymer particles, the colloidal stability of dispersion, and the formation of a larger number of polymer particles. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 3131–3139, 1997
A Procedure for Determining Whether a Simple Combination of Diagnostic Tests May Be Noninferior to the Theoretical Optimum Combination (2008)

Diagnosis accuracy can be improved by combining several complementary diagnostic tests. The likelihood ratio (LR) function is the optimal combination because it achieves the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Derivation and interpretation of the LR function, however, can be complicated. Linear discriminant/logistic functions are simple but may not be optimal. In this article, the authors propose a statistical framework to determine when such linear combinations are noninferior alternatives to the LR function. They propose a nonparametric procedure to calculate LR functions and estimate the optimal area under the curve (AUC). The authors then define noninferiority of a simpler combination to the LR function with regard to the AUC of ROC curves. A bootstrap procedure is proposed to test the noninferiority. Monte Carlo simulation experiments are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. Data from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures are used to demonstrate the procedure.
A Single-Cylinder Valveless Heat Engine (1987)

A single-cylinder, single-piston heat engine with no valves is described. Because heat is supplied from an external source, a wide variety of heat sources or fuels could be used. The ideal performance of the thermodynamic cycle is calculated. A reasonable power output and indicated efficiency appear to be attainable from a machine of practicable size, operating under very modest temperature and pressure conditions.
100 YEARS OF CONCRETE AT SEPTA (1993)

The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) in Philadelphia serves a 5-county area with bus, trolley, elevated subway, and commuter rail lines. Construction activities occurred in the system between 1930 to 1970. Concrete was commonly used in subway walls and roofs, in the superstructure of ballasted structures, and in various type of foundations. The majority of the original system's infrastructure remains, unless critical repairs were required or lines were rerouted. Over the past several years, SEPTA's Bridge and Facility Improvement Programs are moving ahead methodically. This article reviews structural elements, particularly, the concrete jack arch or barrel arch construction. The article also describes the Frankford Elevated Reconstruction Program, one of the largest construction projects undertaken by SEPTA. The largest effort involved the correction of corrosion losses of the trusses along the steel/concrete interface in the superstructure.
Electronic interfaces aiding the visually impaired in environmental access, mobility and navigation (2010)

This keynote paper discusses the problem of outdoor mobility of the visually impaired and reviews key assistive technologies aiding the blind in independent travel. Space perception abilities important for mobility of the visually impaired are discussed first and related definitions and basic concepts such as: cognitive mapping, wayfinding and navigation are explained. The main mobility barriers the visually impaired encounter in every day life are pointed out. In this respect special attention is given to the information the blind traveller needs to be safer and more skilful in mobility. Also sensory substitution methods and interfaces for nonvisual presentation of the obstacles and communicating navigational data are addressed. Finally, the current projects under way and available technologies aiding the blind in key mobility tasks such as: obstacle avoidance, orientation, navigation and travel in urban environments are reviewed and discussed.
Diagnostic value of clinical examination for the identification of children in need of orthodontic treatment compared with clinical examination and screening pantomography (1990)

Ninety children in the 5th school grade (means age = 11.9 years) participated in this investigation. As part of the orthodontic screening examination, pantomograms of all children had been performed as a routine procedure. Prior to assessment of the pantomograms each child was assigned to one of the following treatment categories based on clinical examination: -T (no indication for orthodontic treatment), O (observation of dentition development) and +T (indication for orthodontic treatment). Children, in whom clinical symptoms gave rise to a radiographic examination, were selected and their pantomograms assessed. Finally, the pantomograms of all children were interpreted, and the clinically established treatment categories re-evaluated on basis of the findings on the pantomograms. Fifteen children were selected for pantomography, but only one changed treatment category (from O to +T) due to observation of developmentally missing premolars. Three of the children not selected for pantomography changed categories from -T; two to O and one to +T. Clinical examination with selective pantomography was thus able to correctly identify 97 per cent of children in need of immediate orthodontic treatment, while it was able to correctly exclude 94 per cent of the healthy children. On the basis of these results, routine screening pantomography may be omitted.
Effect of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> C-3102 on bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal Japanese women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial (2018)

Gut microbiota influence the host immune system and are associated with various diseases. In recent years, postmenopausal bone loss has been suggested to be related to gut microbiota. In the present study, we investigated the treatment effect of the probiotic <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> C-3102 (C-3102) on bone mineral density (BMD) and its influence on gut microbiota in healthy postmenopausal Japanese women. Seventy-six healthy postmenopausal Japanese women were treated with a placebo or C-3102 spore-containing tablets for 24 weeks. When compared with the placebo, C-3102 significantly increased total hip BMD (placebo = 0.83 ± 0.63%, C-3102 = 2.53 ± 0.52%, p=0.043). There was a significant group-by-time interaction effect for urinary type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (uNTx) (p=0.033), a marker of bone resorption. Specifically, the C-3102 group showed significantly lower uNTx when compared with the placebo group at 12 weeks of treatment (p=0.015). In addition, in the C-3102 group, there was a trend towards a decrease in the bone resorption marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP-5b) when compared with the placebo group at 12 weeks of treatment (p=0.052). The relative abundance of genus <i>Bifidobacterium</i> significantly increased at 12 weeks of treatment compared with the baseline in the C-3102 group. The relative abundance of genus <i>Fusobacterium</i> was significantly decreased in the C-3102 group at 12 and 24 weeks of treatment compared with the baseline. These data suggested that C-3102 improves BMD by inhibiting bone resorption and modulating gut microbiota in healthy postmenopausal women.