gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Slower Metabolism and Reduced Intake of Nicotine From Cigarette Smoking in Chinese-Americans (2002)

The lower nicotine (and, therefore, tobacco smoke) intake per cigarette and the fewer cigarettes smoked per day, which may result, in part, from slower clearance of nicotine, may explain lower lung cancer rates in Chinese-Americans. Lower lung cancer rates among Latinos compared with whites, given their similar nicotine intake per cigarette, are probably due to smoking fewer cigarettes. The results with Chinese-Americans may have implications for dosing with nicotine medications to aid smoking cessation in Chinese- American smokers and perhaps in other Asian smokers.
Laboratory Development and Field Testing of Succinoglycan as a Fluid-Loss-Control Fluid (1994)

Summary Research has shown that the biopolymer succinoglycan possesses a unique combination of desirable properties for fluid-loss control, including ease of mixing; cleanness; shear-thinning rheology; temperature-insensitive viscosity below its transition temperature, Tm; and adjustable Tm over a wide range of temperatures. Because succino-glycan is a viscous fluid, it relies solely on viscosity to reduce fluid loss. It does not form hard-to-remove filter cake that can cause considerable formation damage. On the basis of these findings, we used succinoglycan successfully as a fluid-loss pill before and/or after gravel packing in &gt; 100 offshore wells. Calculations based on laboratory-measured rheology and field experience have shown succino-glycan to be effective in situations where hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is not. Even fluid loss &gt; 40 bbl/hr was reduced to several bbl/ hr after application of a properly designed succinoglycan pill. Most wells experienced no production problem after completion.
Pegfilgrastim for prevention of chemotherapy‐associated neutropenia in pediatric patients with solid tumors (2009)

Pegfilgrastim following dose intensive chemotherapy for solid tumors is feasible in children, including those <45 kg. The frequency and duration of severe neutropenia, as well as incidence of febrile neutropenia, were similar to filgrastim historic data.
The Trajectron: Probabilistic Multi-Agent Trajectory Modeling With Dynamic Spatiotemporal Graphs (2019)

Developing safe human-robot interaction systems is a necessary step towards the widespread integration of autonomous agents in society. A key component of such systems is the ability to reason about the many potential futures (e.g. trajectories) of other agents in the scene. Towards this end, we present the Trajectron, a graph-structured model that predicts many potential future trajectories of multiple agents simultaneously in both highly dynamic and multimodal scenarios (i.e. where the number of agents in the scene is time-varying and there are many possible highly-distinct futures for each agent). It combines tools from recurrent sequence modeling and variational deep generative modeling to produce a distribution of future trajectories for each agent in a scene. We demonstrate the performance of our model on several datasets, obtaining state-of-the-art results on standard trajectory prediction metrics as well as introducing a new metric for comparing models that output distributions.
Risk Factors for Pressure Sores (1989)

The purpose of this study was to identify prospectively risk factors for pressure sores and to compare these results with a cross-sectional analysis in the same population. Medical records on all admissions to a chronic care hospital over a 13-month period were reviewed. Data on potential risk factors were abstracted from the initial history, physical examination, nursing assessment, and laboratory studies. Pressure sore status on admission and at three weeks was determined from a standardized from completed on all patients with a score. The cross-sectional analysis was performed by comparing patients with and without a pressure sore at the time of admission. The cohort analysis used patients initially without a pressure sore and monitored for a new sore at three weeks. Factors associated with pressure sores on univariate testing were entered into a stepwise logistic regression model. One hundred of the 301 admissions presented with a pressure sore. Factors significantly associated with the presence of a sore were altered level of consciousness (OR = 4.1), bed- or chair-bound (OR = 2.4), impaired nutritional intake (OR = 1.9), and hypoalbuminemia (OR = 1.8 for 10 mg/mL decrease). Of the 185 patients without a pressure sore, 20 (10.8%) developed a sore. Factors significantly associated with the development of a new pressure sore were a history of cerebrovascular accident (OR = 5.0), bed- or chair-bound (OR = 3.8), and impaired nutritional intake (OR = 2.8). Neither urinary nor fecal incontinence, nor the presence of hypoalbuminemia, was associated with sore development. We have prospectively identified risk factors for pressure sores.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
THE OIL SANDS TAILINGS RESEARCH FACILITY (2007)

The Athabasca region of northern Al-berta, Canada, is home to massive de-posits of oil sands, estimated to contain approximately 300 billion barrels of re-
A Strategy to Optimize Recovery in Orthopedic Sports Injuries (2017)

International audience
Luminescent Solar Concentrators – a low cost photovoltaics alternative (2012)

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are being developed as a potentially low cost-per-Wp photovoltaic device, suited for applications especially in the built environment. LSCs generally consist of transparent polymer sheets doped with luminescent species, either organic dye molecules or semiconductor nanocrystals. Direct and diffuse incident sunlight is absorbed by the luminescent species and emitted at redshifted wavelengths with high quantum efficiency. Optimum design ensures that a large fraction of emitted light is trapped in the sheet, which travels to the edges where it can be collected by one or more mono- or bifacial solar cells, with minimum losses due to absorption in the sheet and re-absorption by the luminescent species. Today’s record efficieny is 7%, however, 10-15% is within reach. Optimized luminescent solar concentrators potentially offer lower cost per unit of power compared to conventional solar cells. Moreover, LSCs have an increased conversion efficiency for overcast and cloudy sky conditions, having a large fraction of diffuse irradiation, which is blueshifted compared to clear sky conditions. As diffuse irradiation conditions are omnipresent throughout mid- and northern-European countries, annual performance of LSCs is expected to be better in terms of kWh/Wp compared to conventional PV.
A hot-wire probe for thermal measurements of nanowires and nanotubes inside a transmission electron microscope (2007)

A hot wire probe has been developed for use inside a transmission electron microscope to measure the thermal resistance of individual nanowires, nanotubes, and their contacts. No microfabrication is involved. The probe is made from a platinum Wollaston wire and is pretensioned to minimize the effects of thermal expansion, intrinsic thermal vibrations, and Lorentz forces. An in situ nanomanipulator is used to select a particular nanowire or nanotube for measurement, and contacts are made with liquid metal droplets or by electron-beam induced deposition. Detailed thermal analysis shows that for best sensitivity, the thermal resistance of the hot-wire probe should be four times that of the sample, but a mismatch of more than two orders of magnitude may be acceptable. Data analysis using the ratio of two ac signals reduces the experimental uncertainty. The range of detectable sample thermal resistances spans from approximately 10(3) to 10(9) KW. The probe can also be adapted for measurements of the electrical conductance and Seebeck coefficient of the same sample. The probe was used to study a multiwalled carbon nanotube with liquid Ga contacts. The measured thermal resistance of 3.3 x 10(7) KW had a noise level of approximately +/-3% and was repeatable to within +/-10% upon breaking and re-making the contact.
Spintronic memristor devices and application (2010)

Spintronic memristor devices based upon spin torque induced magnetization motion are presented and potential application examples are given. The structure and material of these proposed spin torque memristors are based upon existing (and/or commercialized) magnetic devices and can be easily integrated on top of a CMOS. This provides better controllability and flexibility to realize the promises of nanoscale memristors. Utilizing its unique device behavior, the paper explores spintronic memristor potential applications in multibit data storage and logic, novel sensing scheme, power management and information security.
An objective assessment method for frequency selectivity of the human auditory system (2014)

This system could be used to estimate auditory FS by both objective and subjective methods. SFOAE STCs have the potential to provide an objective estimate of auditory FS.
Validation device for spacecraft checkout equipment Patent (1971)

Portable equipment for validating C band launch pad antennas and transmission lines used for spacecraft checkout
Free-standing porous carbon nanofibers–sulfur composite for flexible Li–S battery cathode (2014)

Flexible and free-standing sulphur/(PCNFs-CNT) composite (S@PCNFs-CNT) electrode was successfully prepared by infiltrating sulfur into microporous carbon nanofibers-carbon nanotube (PCNFs-CNT) composite. When used as a cathode material for Li-S batteries, the S@PCNFs-CNT exhibits much better cycle performance and rate performance compared to CNT-free S@PCNFs. It delivers a reversible capacity of 637 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at 50 mA g(-1) and a rate capability of 437 mA h g(-1) at 1 A g(-1). The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to synergistic effect of the 3D interconnected structure, the additive of CNT, and the uniform distribution of micropores (<2 nm) in the PCNFs-CNT matrix. Our results indicate the potential suitability of PCNFs-CNT for efficient, free-standing, and high-performance batteries.
Herpes simplex virus-infected cells contain a function(s) that destabilizes both host and viral mRNAs. (1987)

The herpes simplex virus virion contains a function that mediates the shutoff of host-protein synthesis and the degradation of host mRNA. Viral mutants affected in this function (vhs mutants) have previously been derived. Cells infected with these mutants exhibit a more stable synthesis of host as well as the immediate early (alpha)-viral proteins. We now show that a function associated with purified virions of the wild-type virus reduces the half-life of host and alpha mRNAs, whereas purified vhs-1 mutant virions lack this activity. The functional half-life of many early (beta)- and late (gamma)-viral mRNAs is also prolonged in mutant virus infections. These studies suggest that the wild-type virion brings into cells a function that indiscriminately reduces the half-life of both host and viral transcripts and that the early translational shutoff of the host is a consequence of this function. This function may facilitate rapid transitions in the expression of groups of genes that are transcriptionally turned on at different times after infection.
Scalable 96-well Plate Based iPSC Culture and Production Using a Robotic Liquid Handling System (2015)

Continued advancement in pluripotent stem cell culture is closing the gap between bench and bedside for using these cells in regenerative medicine, drug discovery and safety testing. In order to produce stem cell derived biopharmaceutics and cells for tissue engineering and transplantation, a cost-effective cell-manufacturing technology is essential. Maintenance of pluripotency and stable performance of cells in downstream applications (e.g., cell differentiation) over time is paramount to large scale cell production. Yet that can be difficult to achieve especially if cells are cultured manually where the operator can introduce significant variability as well as be prohibitively expensive to scale-up. To enable high-throughput, large-scale stem cell production and remove operator influence novel stem cell culture protocols using a bench-top multi-channel liquid handling robot were developed that require minimal technician involvement or experience. With these protocols human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were cultured in feeder-free conditions directly from a frozen stock and maintained in 96-well plates. Depending on cell line and desired scale-up rate, the operator can easily determine when to passage based on a series of images showing the optimal colony densities for splitting. Then the necessary reagents are prepared to perform a colony split to new plates without a centrifugation step. After 20 passages (~3 months), two iPSC lines maintained stable karyotypes, expressed stem cell markers, and differentiated into cardiomyocytes with high efficiency. The system can perform subsequent high-throughput screening of new differentiation protocols or genetic manipulation designed for 96-well plates. This technology will reduce the labor and technical burden to produce large numbers of identical stem cells for a myriad of applications.
Performance analysis of stochastic timed Petri nets using linear programming approach (1998)

Stochastic timed Petri nets are a useful tool in the performance analysis of concurrent systems such as parallel computers, communication networks and flexible manufacturing systems. In general, performance measures of stochastic timed Petri nets are difficult to obtain for practical problems due to their sizes. In this paper, we provide a method to efficiently compute upper and lower bounds for the throughputs and mean token numbers for a large class of stochastic timed Petri nets. Our approach is based on uniformization technique and linear programming.
Characterisation of rough reflecting substrates incorporated into thin‐film silicon solar cells (2006)

Abstract Four different categories of rough reflecting substrates as well as a single periodic grating are incorporated and tested within n‐i‐p type amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) solar cells. Each category is characterised by its own texture shape; dimensions were varied within the categories. Compared to flat reflecting substrates, gains in short‐circuit current density ( J sc ) up to 20% have been obtained on rough reflecting plastic substrates. As long as (1) the characteristic dimensions of the textures are lower than the involved light wavelengths, (2) the textures do not present any defects i.e. as long as they do not have large craters or bumps spread over the surface, the root mean square roughness (δ RMS ) as well as the ratio of average feature height to average period can be used to evaluate the gain in J sc ; if each category of randomly textured substrates is considered separately, the haze factor can be used to estimate δ RMS and thereby the gains in J sc . Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low Voltage MEMS Digital Loudspeaker Array Based on Thin-film PZT Actuators (2015)

International audience
Total Synthesis of the Potent Anticancer Aglaia Metabolites (−)-Silvestrol and (−)-Episilvestrol and the Active Analogue (−)-4′-Desmethoxyepisilvestrol (2009)

Total synthesis of the anticancer 1,4-dioxane containing natural products silvestrol (1) and episilvestrol (2) is described by an approach based on the proposed biosynthesis of these novel compounds. The key steps included an oxidative rearrangement of the protected d-glucose derivative 11 to afford the 1,4-dioxane 12, which could be elaborated to the coupling partner 5 and a photochemical [3 + 2]-cycloadditon between the 3-hydroxyflavone 27 and methyl cinnamate followed by base-induced alpha-ketol rearrangement and reduction to give the cyclopentabenzofuran core 33. The core (-)-6 and 1,4-dioxane fragment 5 were united by a highly stereoselective Mitsunobu coupling with the modified azodicarboxylate DMEAD to afford the axial coupled product 36. Deprotection then gave episilvestrol (2). Silvestrol (1) was synthesized by a coupling between core (-)-6 and the dioxane 44 followed by deprotection. Compound 1 was also synthesized from episilvestrol (2) by a Mitsunobu inversion. In addition, the analogue 4'-desmethoxyepisilvestrol (46) was synthesized via the same route. It was found that 46 and episilvestrol 2 displayed an unexpected concentration-dependent chemical shift variation for the nonexchangeable dioxane protons. Synthetic compounds 1, 2, 38, 46, and 54 were tested against cancer cells lines, and it was found that the stereochemistry of the core was critical for activity. Synthetic analogue 4'-desmethoxyepisilvestrol (46) was also active against lung and colon cancer cell lines.
Durability evaluation of perfluoropolyether-lubricant-coated protective diamond-like carbon film by the lateral vibration friction test (2005)

An investigation of the perfluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricant effect on the tribological properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) film magnetic hard disks was conducted. On the basis of friction force microscopy techniques, we carried out lateral oscillation wear tests to detect DLC film disks with and without PFPE lubricant. The results reveal that the DLC film without lubricant easily fractures and swells. In contrast, the transfer of free lubricant and the progressive destruction of bonding lubricant were observed on the DLC film coated with a PFPE lubricant. The dynamic deformation and durability evaluation of the PFPE lubricant and DLC film system were observed in the lateral oscillation wear test by changing the experimental load and amplitude of lateral vibration applied to a cantilever tip. The destruction of the PFPE–DLC film occurred in the test of the 10 nm oscillation amplitude due to the breaking off of the molecular chain of PFPE.
OpenSCaaS: an open service chain as a service platform toward the integration of SDN and NFV (2015)

Service providers today rely on service-chaining policy enforced by omnipresent middleboxes (MBoxes) to achieve crucial performance and security guarantees in their networks. On the other hand, they are currently struggling to satisfy growing traffic demands on their traditional services. Given the promise of emerging technologies, such as SDN and NFV, we argue that the enforcement of service-chaining policy can greatly benefit from the integration of them. However, it is challenging to synthesize these two technologies due to the need to meet the requirements of flexibility, scalability, and auto-provisioning without modifying SDN standards (e.g. OpenFlow) and MBoxes. In this article we present the design of OpenSCaaS, an open platform for service chain as a service, by using the tangible capabilities of SDN together with NFV. OpenSCaaS allows service-providers to design a general architecture based on SDN to achieve flexibility, encapsulate Service Chain Identifier (SC-ID) based on Source MAC to guarantee scalability, and realize auto-provisioning based on NFV to offer adaptability. In doing so, we take a significant step to address industry and academic concerns about the integration of SDN and NFV.
Augmented reality versus classical HUD to take over from automated driving: An aid to smooth reactions and to anticipate maneuvers (2016)

The takeover phase from highly automated systems, when the transition phase is short (here 10s), is critical for the driver when he has been out of the driving loop. We conducted a simulator study on 26 drivers to compare three conditions: manual mode (MD), transition from automated driving (AD) to MD with a classical head up display (HUD), transition from (AD) to MD with an augmented reality (AR) HUD. In our scenarios, the driver has to take over to respect the navigation request for a lane change, and has to face slowing traffic in the destination lane. Compared to MD, driving behavior is altered in the transition phase up to 30s: the maximum speed on the brake pedal is higher, resulting acceleration being thus increased. AR reduces both these effects, thus improving driving comfort while facing slow traffic. AR also helps better anticipate the lane change maneuver: it increases the distance to the maneuver limit point. As such, the situational awareness seems to be improved by AR. Further analysis of eye tracking data and verbatim is needed to confirm this assumption based on driving data.
Zinc Finger Nuclease and Homing Endonuclease-Mediated Assembly of Multigene Plant Transformation Vectors (2011)

Binary vectors are an indispensable component of modern Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant genetic transformation systems. A remarkable variety of binary plasmids have been developed to support the cloning and transfer of foreign genes into plant cells. The majority of these systems, however, are limited to the cloning and transfer of just a single gene of interest. Thus, plant biologists and biotechnologists face a major obstacle when planning the introduction of multigene traits into transgenic plants. Here, we describe the assembly of multitransgene binary vectors by using a combination of engineered zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and homing endonucleases. Our system is composed of a modified binary vector that has been engineered to carry an array of unique recognition sites for ZFNs and homing endonucleases and a family of modular satellite vectors. By combining the use of designed ZFNs and commercial restriction enzymes, multiple plant expression cassettes were sequentially cloned into the acceptor binary vector. Using this system, we produced binary vectors that carried up to nine genes. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) protoplasts and plants were transiently and stably transformed, respectively, by several multigene constructs, and the expression of the transformed genes was monitored across several generations. Because ZFNs can potentially be engineered to digest a wide variety of target sequences, our system allows overcoming the problem of the very limited number of commercial homing endonucleases. Thus, users of our system can enjoy a rich resource of plasmids that can be easily adapted to their various needs, and since our cloning system is based on ZFN and homing endonucleases, it may be possible to reconstruct other types of binary vectors and adapt our vectors for cloning on multigene vector systems in various binary plasmids.
Detecting price artificiality and manipulation in futures markets: An application to Amaranth (2012)

In this article we propose a general method to test whether economic data support the claim of futures market manipulation. We examine the question of whether or not Amaranth manipulated the market for natural gas futures using three alternative methods. The first is our contribution to the existing body of literature on the analysis of manipulation claims. The subsequent two have previously been discussed in the literature. All three methods yield the same result: economic data on futures prices and Amaranth's trades do not support the claim that Amaranth manipulated the natural gas futures market in 2006.
Alcuni casi di ermafroditismo nell'idrozoo<i>Campanularia caliculata</i> (1956)

Summary The author is describing, for the first time, accidental hermaphroditism in the hydroid Campanularia caliculata, wich is normally dioecious, and concerns single gonangia which bear both male and female gametes in varying proportion. The author admits as basic to the origin of germ cells and to the overlapping-frequency of stolons belonging to different colonies, the possible formation of such hermaphroditism by fusion of two different heterosexual colonies.