gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Edaravone mimics sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced endothelial barrier enhancement in human microvascular endothelial cells (2007)

Edaravone is a potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and is quite successful in patients with acute cerebral ischemia, and several organ-protective effects have been reported. Treatment of human microvascular endothelial cells with edaravone (1.5 μM) resulted in the enhancement of transmonolayer electrical resistance coincident with cortical actin enhancement and redistribution of focal adhesion proteins and adherens junction proteins to the cell periphery. Edaravone also induced small GTPase Rac activation and focal adhesion kinase (FAK; Tyr 576 ) phosphorylation associated with sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor type 1 (S1P 1 ) transactivation. S1P 1 protein depletion by the short interfering RNA technique completely abolished edaravone-induced FAK (Tyr 576 ) phosphorylation and Rac activation. This is the first report of edaravone-induced endothelial barrier enhancement coincident with focal adhesion remodeling and cytoskeletal rearrangement associated with Rac activation via S1P 1 transactivation. Considering the well-established endothelial barrier-protective effect of S1P, endothelial barrier enhancement as a consequence of S1P 1 transactivation may at least partly be the potent mechanisms for the organ-protective effect of edaravone and is suggestive of edaravone as a therapeutic agent against systemic vascular barrier disorder.
Kinetics of 99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate and polyphosphate in man. (1975)

Thekinetic of 99mTc-labeled pyrophosphate were compared with those of polyphosphate in ten patients in a combined study. Both agents cleared from the blood in a biexpoential fashion. The clearance half-time of Exponent I was the same for both and was shorter than the clearance half-time of Exponent ii. Urinary excretion of both agents was the same during the first hour but during the next 3 hr Tc-pyrophosphate cleared at a slightly more rapid rate, resulting in lower blood background radioactivity. Both agents were bound loosely to plasma proteins, mainly to globulin fractions. The sensitivity of lesion detection was similar for both. Excellent bone images were obtained with both agents. The images with Tc-pyrophosphatewere consistently superior owing to the low blood background and they took less time to accumulate an identical number of counts from identical regions. With the amount of 99mTc-complex used, no hyocalcemia or tetany was noted, nor was there any significant effect on 1-hr serum levels of inorganic phosphours and alkaline phosphatase. Four hours after injection, 9.5% of the dose of Tc-pyrophosphate was circulating in blood, 31.7% was excreted in urine, and the remaining 58.8% was taken up by bone and other tissues. The corresponding values with Tc-polyphosphate were 12.5% in blood, 29.0% in urine, and 58.5% in bone and other tissues. Among the soft tissues, the genitourinary system is most consistently visualized. It is concluded that both Tc-pyroposphate and Tc-polyphosphate are excellent skeletal-imaging agents and that Tc-pyrophosphate appears slightly superior to Tc-polyphosphate.
High Temperature LPCVD of Dielectrics on III-V Substrates for Device Appliclations (1989)

Silicon dioxide as well as silicon nitride films deposited on a III-V substrate (InP, GaAs, InGaAs) are obtained in a reduced pressure, air and water cooled CVD reactor, with a rapid thermal heating. Deposition rates as high as 100 A/sec are obtained for deposition of SiO 2 at 700°C and 30 A/sec for Si 3 N 4 at 800°C. High temperature deposition is thus obtained on a III-V substrate without any surface damage. The layers display excellent structural and electrical properties suited for passivation and MISFET applications. The properties of III-V semiconductor/insulator interfaces can be improved under an in-situ treatment of the substrate with the reactive gases. Interface studies show that both silane and armmonia can be utilized prior to deposition to reduce native oxide of InP.
Analysis of a buck PWM DC-DC converter in discontinuous conduction mode (2002)

A buck pulse width modulated (PWM) dc-dc converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) has been analyzed based on the principles of energy conservation. Efficiency equations have been developed and compared to an experimental circuit. Results demonstrate acceptable agreement between calculated and experimental values.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Process of smoking cessation. Implications for clinicians. (1991)

The process of smoking cessation involves progression through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Most patients are not prepared to take action on their smoking, yet most smoking cessation programs are designed for smokers who are so prepared. Small percentages of smokers register for action-oriented cessation programs. How much progress patients make after an intervention is directly related to what stage they are in prior to intervention. The stages of change can be quickly assessed with four questions. Physicians can then be more effective with a broader range of patients by matching their interventions to the patients' stage of change. Helping patients progress just one stage can double their chances of not smoking 6 months later. Providing personalized information about the cons of smoking, asking affect-arousing questions, and encouraging patients to re-evaluate themselves as smokers are interventions physicians can use to help patients who are not prepared to quit smoking. Behavioral interventions, such as providing substitutes like nicotine gum and removing or altering cues for smoking, are most helpful for patients who are ready to take action. The use of a stage-matched, patient-centered counseling intervention can help physicians to feel less frustrated and more effective in their efforts to help a broad range of their patients.
A Differential Dosage Hypothesis for Parental Effects in Seed Development (2004)

Parent-of-origin effects generate phenotypes that depend on the direction of a cross. This phenomenon occurs frequently during angiosperm seed development, where maternal influence is most common ([Alleman and Doctor, 2000][1]). Various genetic mechanisms can contribute to parent-of-origin effects
Polymer collapse in miscible good solvents is a generic phenomenon driven by preferential adsorption (2014)

Water and alcohol, such as methanol or ethanol, are miscible and, individually, good solvents for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), but this polymer precipitates in water-alcohol mixtures. The intriguing behaviour of solvent mixtures that cannot dissolve a given polymer or a given protein, while the same macromolecule dissolves well in each of the cosolvents, is called cononsolvency. It is a widespread phenomenon, relevant for many formulation steps in the physicochemical and pharmaceutical industry, that is usually explained by invoking specific chemical details of the mixtures: as such, it has so far eluded any generic explanation. Here, by using a combination of simulations and theory, we present a simple and universal treatment that requires only the preferential interaction of one of the cosolvents with the polymer. The results show striking quantitative agreement with experiments and chemically specific simulations, opening a new perspective towards an operational understanding of macromolecular solubility.
Improving the ride comfort of vehicle passenger using fuzzy sliding mode controller (2013)

Attenuation of the adverse effects of vehicle vibrations on human health is a challenging problem. One common approach to solve this problem is to use various types of controllers in vehicle suspensions. In this study, in order to decrease the vehicle vibrations and hence improve the ride comfort, a fuzzy logic integrated sliding mode controller was designed. The performance of the controller was tested in a biodynamic human-vehicle combined model. The human body was considered as a lumped parameter model and incorporated into a full vehicle model. The biodynamic responses of a human body to vehicle vibrations were analyzed. Performances of the conventional sliding mode and fuzzy integrated sliding mode controllers were compared with those of a passive control strategy. According to the numerical results, the fuzzy sliding mode controller overcame both classic sliding mode and passive control approaches and decreased vehicle vibrations considerably. It can be deduced from the study that active suspension systems would play a key role in decreasing the negative effects of vehicle vibrations on human health, such as motion sickness, discomfort and spine injuries.
Transient upregulation of CBFA1 in response to bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor ?1 in C2C12 myogenic cells coincides with suppression of the myogenic phenotype but is not sufficient for osteoblast differentiation (1999)

The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 is a potent osteoinductive signal, inducing bone formation in vivo and osteoblast differentiation from non-osseous cells in vitro. The runt domain-related protein Cbfa1/PEBP2alphaA/AML-3 is a critical component of bone formation in vivo and transcriptional regulator of osteoblast differentiation. To investigate the relationship between the extracellular BMP-2 signal, Cbfa1, and osteogenesis, we examined expression of Cbfa1 and osteoblastic genes during the BMP-2 induced osteogenic transdifferentiation of the myoblastic cell line C2C12. BMP-2 treatment completely blocked myotube formation and transiently induced expression of Cbfa1 and the bone-related homeodomain protein Msx-2 concomitant with loss of the myoblast phenotype. While induction of collagen type I and alkaline phosphatase (AP) expression coincided with Cbfa1 expression, Cbfa1 mRNA was strikingly downregulated at the onset of expression of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) genes, reflecting the mature osteoblast phenotype. TGF-beta1 treatment effectively suppressed myogenesis and induced Cbfa1 expression but was insufficient to support osteoblast differentiation reflected by the absence of ALP, OPN, and OCN. We addressed whether induction of Cbfa1 in response to BMP-2 results in the transcriptional activation of the OC promoter which contains three enhancer Cbfa1 elements. Transfection studies show BMP-2 suppresses OC promoter activity in C2C12, but not in osteoblastic ROS 17/2.8 cells. Maximal suppression of OC promoter activity in response to BMP-2 requires sequences in the proximal promoter (up to nt -365) and may occur independent of the three Cbfa sites. Taken together, our results demonstrate a dissociation of Cbfa1 expression from development of the osteoblast phenotype. Our findings suggest that Cbfal may function transiently to divert a committed myoblast to a potentially osteogenic cell. However, other factors induced by BMP-2 appear to be necessary for complete expression of the osteoblast phenotype.
Study of Secondary Grain Growth on 718 Alloy (1997)

A tine grain microstructure is usually required on 718 engine discs, to improve their resistance to fatigue in service conditionsThe refining of typical billet microstructures was extensively investigated elsewhere through different thermomechanical processing (TMP). This investigation was carried out to characterise the evolution of an initially fine grained microstructure (ASTM index>8) during a complex thermomechanical treatment , similar to the closed die forging of a disc. The influence on the alloy microstucture of different parameters such as thermal insulation, strain rate ,thermal cycles. . was investigated. For some specific TMP conditions, an abnormal grain growth was observed. Such a grain growth was referenced as secondary, and lead locally to grains of ASTM index of about 5. The influence of this particular microstructure on the mechanical properties has been investigated through tensile and fatigue tests.
Ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone initiated by cyclopentadienyl sodium (1998)

Polymerization of ε-caprolactone had been investigated with cyclopentadienyl sodium as an initiator. The effects of reaction time, temperature, and concentration of the initiator on the yield and molecular weight of the polymer were discussed. It was shown that the high molecular weight of poly(ε-caprolactone) (13 × 104) was obtained with cyclopentadienyl sodium initiator, and the mechanism of polymerization was also discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1273–1276, 1998
The context tree weighting method: Some ideas (1994)

The context tree weighting algorithm was introduced at the 1993 ISIT. Here we are concerned with the context tree maximizing algorithm. We discuss two modifications of this algorithm.
Magnetoadsorption and magnetodesorption of nitric oxide on iron oxides: role of magnetism and surface structures of solids (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMagnetoadsorption and magnetodesorption of nitric oxide on iron oxides: role of magnetism and surface structures of solidsSumio Ozeki, Hiroyuki Uchiyama, and Katsumi KanekoCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 20, 7805–7809Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100173a047https://doi.org/10.1021/j100173a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Bio-Inspired Electroactive Organic Molecules for Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries. 1. Thiophenoquinones (2015)

Redox flow batteries (RFB) utilizing water-soluble organic redox couples are a new strategy for low-cost, eco-friendly, and durable stationary electrical energy storage. Previous studies have focused on benzoquinones, napthoquinones, and anthraquinones as the electroactive species. Here, we explore a new class of molecules—thiophenoquinones—specifically focusing on the caldariellaquinone-, sulfolobusquinone-, and benzodithiophenoquinone-like frameworks that are used for metabolic processes in thermophilic aerobic Sulfolobus archaebacteria. We demonstrated that B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) thermochemical calculations (using the SMD solvation model) reproduce experimental reduction potentials to within ±0.04 V. We then studied the effect of amine, hydroxyl, methyl, fluoro, phosphonic acid, sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, and nitro functional group modifications on the reduction potential and Gibbs energy of solvation in water (using density functional theory) and aqueous solubility (using cheminformatics). Next we enumerated all of the 10 611 possible combinations of functional group substitutions on these frameworks and identified 1056 potential molecules with solubilities exceeding 2 mol/L; of these, 36 molecules have reduction potentials below 0.25 V and 15 molecules above 0.95 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)). The combination of high solubility and wide voltage range makes these molecules promising candidates for high performance aqueous RFB applications. Finally, using our data set of ab initio reduction potentials, we developed a cheminformatics model that predicts ab initio reduction potentials to within ±0.09 V based solely on molecular connectivity. We found that a model trained with as few as 200 examples generates rank-ordered predictions allowed us to identify the highest performance candidates with half the number of ab initio calculations. This offers a strategy for improving the tractability of future computational searches for high performance RFB molecules.
Balancing Selection at Allozyme Loci in Oysters: Implications from Nuclear RFLPs (1992)

Population genetic analyses that depend on the assumption of neutrality for allozyme markers are used widely. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in nuclear DNA of the American oyster evidence a pronounced population subdivision concordant with mitochondrial DNA. This finding contrasts with a geographic uniformity in allozyme frequencies previously thought to reflect high gene flow mediated by the pelagic gametes and larvae. The discordance likely is due to selection on protein electrophoretic characters that balances allozyme frequencies in the face of severe constraints to gene flow. These results raise a cautionary note for studies that rely on assumptions of neutrality for allozyme markers.
A novel Test Access Mechanism for failure diagnosis of multiple isolated identical cores (2011)

This paper introduces a novel Test Access Mechanism (TAM) for chips with multiple isolated identical cores through which all the cores can be tested in parallel and at the same time accurate failure diagnosis can be achieved while requiring similar test resources (tester memory and tester channels) as for a single core. The proposed pipelined architecture relies on forming nonlinear equations on a very limited number of output pins that compress the outputs from the identical cores and solve them off-chip to reproduce the failure information of each core. A very nice feature of the proposed scheme is that the number of observation pins required to achieve a desirable level of diagnostic resolution does not scale with the number of identical cores and can practically be kept constant.
Levels of Prostaglandin E Metabolite, the Major Urinary Metabolite of Prostaglandin E2, Are Increased in Smokers (2005)

Increased levels of urinary PGE-M were observed in smokers. Urinary PGE-M may have use as a noninvasive biomarker of the effects of tobacco smoke exposure.
Saving the girl child – Legal obligations of the gynaecologists and radiologists under Pre-conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Technique (PC-PNDT) Act (2013)

A lot of hue and cry has been raised over the Pre-conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Technique (PC-PNDT) Act i.e. Prohibition of Sex Selection Act, as it highlights the flip side of the radiologist’s role in prenatal detection of sex while it ignores the many critical situations when a timely ultrasound by a radiologist can be lifesaving for the mother and child. This article presents an introduction to the legal obligations of radiologists and gynaecologists under the PC-PNDT Act, lacunae in the said Act; its misuse potential and suggested reforms. Copyright © 2014, Indian Journal of Medical Specialities. Published by Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Quantum dots as alternatives to organic fluorophores for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> detection using conventional flow cytometry and specific monoclonal antibodies: Lessons learned (2007)

While QDs are noted for their superior spectral characteristics, they have been shown here to be unsuitable for conventional flow cytometric detection of Cryptosporidium. Therefore, we conclude that in their current form, QD's are severely limited for fluorescent detection of pathogens in environmental applications.
Determining thickness independently from optical constants by use of ultrafast light (2004)

We show that the application of ultrafast techniques, especially terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, allows simultaneous measurements of material thickness and optical constants from transmission measurements, by analyzing not only the phase difference between the main terahertz pulse through the medium but also the subsequent multireflection pulse (an echo) from the medium. Such a method provides a fast and precise characterization of the optical properties and can extract thickness information and hence other optical constants in a broad bandwidth. It may have applications in science and engineering such as in situ film thickness and quality monitoring, optical constants measurement, medical imaging, noninvasive detection, and remote sensing.
Development of X-ray Computed Tomographic Scanner for Iron and Steel (1985)

X-ray computed tomography is extensively used in medicine, but has rarely been applied to non-medical purposes. Steel specimens pose particularly difficult problems-very poor transmission of X-rays and the need for high resolving capability. There has thus been no effective tomographic method of examining steel specimens.Due to the growing need for non-destructive, non-contact methods for observing and analyzing the internal conditions of steel microscopically, however, we have developed an X-ray Computed Tomographic Scanner for Steel (CTS) system, specifically for examination of steel specimens.Its major specifications and functions are as follows. Type: the second-generation CT, 8-channels, Scanning method: 6° revolution, 30-times traversing, Slice width: 0.5 mm, Resolving capability: 0.25 × 0.25 mm, X-ray source: 420 kV, 3 mA, X-ray detector: BGO scintillator, Standard specimen shape: 50 mm dia., 100 mm high, Measuring time: 10.5 min.Porosity of a stainless steel (SUS 304) bloom was examined three-dimensionally by the CTS system. Corrosion procedure of a steel slab was also examined.
Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia in an Eight-Year-Old Phenotypic Female (1973)

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH) was described as an invariably fatal disease in infancy manifested by severe adrenal insufficiency with lack of differentiation of the external genitalia in males. A genetic defect in cholesterol desmolase was postulated to be the site of the enzymatic block. However, Degenhart et al. demonstrated by in vitro studies that the defect may be in the cholesterol 20-hydroxylase enzyme. Urinary studies of an 8-yr-old phenotypic female with severe adrenal insufficiency who was found to have bilateral testes were performed with corticotropin stimulation. Analysis of the urines by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer revealed elevated cholesterol excretion and the absence of additional sterols. The 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were 0; 17-ketosteroids ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 mg per 24 hr. The presence of some 17-ketosteroids suggests that an alternate pathway from cholesterol to dehydroepiandrosterone without formation of C-21 compounds may exist. The absence of urinary cholesterol metabolites suggest that the defect in CLAH may be in the conversion of cholesterol to 20α-hydroxycholesterol.