gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical competitive hybridization assay for DNA detection using osmium tetroxide-labelled signalling strands (2009)

In this report, we present sequence-specific DNA detection by means of a competitive hybridization assay with osmium tetroxide-labelled signalling strands. The labelling of the signalling strands has been performed using protective strands to preserve the recognition site of these single strands for hybridization with the immobilized capture probes. At optimized measuring conditions and especially assay temperature, we could detect the presence of 25 nM target DNA within 30 minutes, whereas the non-complementary target sequence did not yield any signal. The latter was observed as a decrease in square-wave voltammetric response of the signalling probes. Single base mismatches could be detected at a stringent 35 degrees C electrolyte temperature. Moreover, the concentration dependency of the signal was investigated. A time-consuming labelling procedure of the target, as typically used before, is not necessary. Upon application of the new protocol, there is no need for handling osmium(VIII) compounds during sample treatment. The signalling strands containing Os(VI) are prepared separately and can be stored over several months.
Characterization of the replication origin (OriS) and adjoining parts of the inverted repeat sequences of the pseudorabies virus genome (2000)

The DNA sequence of a 2.4 kbp fragment located in the internal and terminal inverted repeat sequences of the pseudorabies virus genome determined in this study closes a gap between the previously described genes for the ICP4 and ICP22 homologues. The novel sequence contains no conserved herpesvirus open reading frames. Northern blot and cDNA analyses revealed a viral immediate-early transcript of 1.8 kb, which is spliced by the removal of two small introns close to its 5' end and which presumably represents the mRNA of the downstream open reading frame encoding the ICP22 homologue. Upstream of the transcribed region, an imperfect set of three directly repeated sequences was identified. Each of them contains a complementary pair of the alphaherpesvirus origin-binding protein recognition motif GTTCGCAC, spaced by AT-rich sequences. In vitro studies confirmed that the DNA fragment analysed includes a functional origin of viral DNA replication.
Towards Automatic Pharmacovigilance: Analysing Patient Reviews and Sentiment on Oncological Drugs (2015)

The collection, detection and monitoring of information such as side effects, adverse effects, warnings, precautions of pharmaceutical products is a challenging task. With the advent of user forums, online reviews have become a significant source of information about products. In this work, we aim to utilize pharmaceutical drugs reviews by patients on various health communities to identify frequently occurring issues. We compare these issues with food and drug administration (FDA) approved drug labels for possible improvements. We focus on Oncological drugs and develop a scalable system for mapping of interventions against indication and the respective symptoms from patient comments. Using these mappings, our system is able to compare different sections of FDA labels for recommendations. We use SVM based framework for sentiment analysis to give an overall rating to the drugs. We further incorporate aspect based sentiment analysis for finding the orientation of drug reviews for specific targets.
Nanomanufacturing: A Perspective (2016)

Nanomanufacturing, the commercially scalable and economically sustainable mass production of nanoscale materials and devices, represents the tangible outcome of the nanotechnology revolution. In contrast to those used in nanofabrication for research purposes, nanomanufacturing processes must satisfy the additional constraints of cost, throughput, and time to market. Taking silicon integrated circuit manufacturing as a baseline, we consider the factors involved in matching processes with products, examining the characteristics and potential of top-down and bottom-up processes, and their combination. We also discuss how a careful assessment of the way in which function can be made to follow form can enable high-volume manufacturing of nanoscale structures with the desired useful, and exciting, properties.
Gamma-Ray Pinhole Television Camera (1960)

An experimental camera has been devised capable of viewing a gamma-ray or x-ray source both statically and dynamically with a kinescope readout suitable for quantitative measurements. Experiments are described indicating sensitivities to x-rays of about 1 to 2 r/hr.
Digital robust control law synthesis using constrained optimization (1989)

Development of digital robust control laws for active control of high performance flexible aircraft and large space structures is a research area of significant practical importance. The flexible system is typically modeled by a large order state space system of equations in order to accurately represent the dynamics. The active control law must satisy multiple conflicting design requirements and maintain certain stability margins, yet should be simple enough to be implementable on an onboard digital computer. Described here is an application of a generic digital control law synthesis procedure for such a system, using optimal control theory and constrained optimization technique. A linear quadratic Gaussian type cost function is minimized by updating the free parameters of the digital control law, while trying to satisfy a set of constraints on the design loads, responses and stability margins. Analytical expressions for the gradients of the cost function and the constraints with respect to the control law design variables are used to facilitate rapid numerical convergence. These gradients can be used for sensitivity study and may be integrated into a simultaneous structure and control optimization scheme.
Dinitrogen binding, P<sub>4</sub>-activation and aza-Büchner ring expansions mediated by an isocyano analogue of the CpCo(CO) fragment (2016)

Synthetic studies targeting an m-terphenyl isocyanide analogue of the unstable 16e(-), S = 1 complex CpCo(CO) are reported (Cp = η(5)-C5H5). The m-terphenyl isocyanide CNAr(Dipp2) (Ar(Dipp2) = 2,6-(2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3)2C6H3) is shown to readily bind to both CpCoI2 and Cp*CoI2 fragments (Cp* = η(5)-C5Me5) and provide mono-isocyanide starting materials that are suitable for chemical reduction. Treatment of CpCoI2(CNAr(Dipp2)) with KC8 produces the bridging isocyanide dimer, [CpCo(μ-CNAr(Dipp2))]2, thereby indicating that the steric combination of Cp and CNAr(Dipp2) ligands does not allow for the production of mononuclear complexes. However, Cp*CoI2(CNAr(Dipp2)) with KC8 under an N2 atmosphere results in the formation of the complex, Cp*Co(N2)(CNAr(Dipp2)), which is a unique two-legged piano stool complex featuring a coordinated dinitrogen ligand. The N2 ligand in Cp*Co(N2)(CNAr(Dipp2)) is shown to be labile and, upon removal by application of vacuum, leads to the production of an η(4)-coordinated 1-azabenz[b]azulene complex by aza-Büchner cyclization of the CNAr(Dipp2) ligand. This cyclization reaction is rationalized via the intermediacy of the unobserved 16e(-) species [Cp*Co(CNAr(Dipp2))]. While this intramolecular aza-Büchner cyclization prevents isolation of [Cp*Co(CNAr(Dipp2))], the dinitrogen complex Cp*Co(N2)(CNAr(Dipp2)) is shown to serve as a reliable synthon for this 16e(-) species upon reaction with small molecule substrates. Both free CNAr(Dipp2) and diphenylacetylene react with Cp*Co(N2)(CNAr(Dipp2)) to form two-legged piano stool complexes. In addition, Cp*Co(N2)(CNAr(Dipp2)) reacts readily with 0.5 and 1.0 equivalents of P4 to produce poly-phosphorus products resulting from P-P single bond cleavage.
3D Human Skeleton Synergy Kinematics Based on the Video (2012)

In this paper, based on the automatic extraction of the three-dimensional human skeleton, the kinematics for joint points of 3D human skeleton is introduced. The adjacent joint points show all kinds of motions by the change of position. The conformal geometric algebra method is used to describe 3D human model to realize the direct calculation using geometric language. The human skeleton gesture is driven by the joint points to get the key frames and interpolation between frames to realize gesture sequences. Then, analysis the synergy rules of adjacent joint points. Finally, to getting the better match between 3D human skeleton and the corresponding video. Meanwhile, the joint point's 3D information makes a good groundwork for recognition the different gestures.
Spatial study of the wake meandering using modelled wind turbines in a wind tunnel (2011)

ABSTRACT The present paper presents a study of the wake meandering phenomenon with the help of physical modelling in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) wind tunnel. The wind turbine is modelled at a geometric scale of 1:400 with a static porous disk ( actuator disk concept ). The main objective of the present work was to supply quantitative information on the meandering process. The instantaneous wake width and its horizontal and vertical swerves from the mean wake axis are quantified using specific image processing of instantaneous velocity fields obtained by particle image velocimetry downstream of the modelled wind turbine. We observe that the wind turbine wake displacements from the mean streamwise axis are very important when the turbulence length scales are larger than the wake width. We also observe that, in ABL conditions, horizontal displacements are higher than the vertical ones with a proportion in agreement with the ratio between the transverse and vertical turbulence intensities σ v ∕ σ w ≈ 3∕2. It is finally concluded that the instantaneous wake width remained nearly constant downstream of the wind turbine model whatever the flow conditions and that the extent of the mean wind turbine wake is dominantly due to the meandering process. This confirms that it is necessary to include the meandering process in the wake analysis in order to estimate the fatigue loading on wind turbines within wind farms properly. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Method for Automatic E-Comic Scene Frame Extraction for Reading Comic on Mobile Devices (2010)

A method for automatic e-comic scene frame extraction is proposed for displaying large scale of comic scenes onto relatively small size of display screen such as mobile devices. In line with the rapid development of mobile devices, reading comic in small screen mobile devices is also demanded and required. The challenge in providing e-comics for small screen is how to separate comic scene frames and display it in the right order to read. We propose Automatic E-Comic Frame Extraction (ACFE) for extraction of scene frames from a digital comic page automatically. ACFE is based on the blob extraction method using connected component labeling algorithm, together with a filter combination pre-processing and efficient method for detection of line between frames. Experimental results show that 91.483 percent of 634 pages in 5 digital comics are successfully extracted into scene frames by the proposed method.
Dual-Depth Hydrophones for Ghost Reduction in 4D Land Monitoring (2012)

In order to improve the seismic repeatability required for weak 4D signal measurement, we bury the sensors and the sources below the weathering layer. Nevertheless a part of the emitted signal is transmitted to the weathering layer. After a reflection or a conversion in the vicinity of the earth surface, the downgoing waves are recorded by the buried sensors and may affect the repeatability of the primary 4D signal. The reduction of these unwanted waves is necessary to ensure a good reliability of the seismic monitoring results. In an industrial noise context (which is usually the case for reservoir production), it has been observed that geophones are much noisier than hydrophones (Forgues and Schisselé, 2010). In these circumstances, we show that the use of dual-depth hydrophones as an alternative to P-Z summation allows us to handle the receiver ghost and significantly improve the signal repeatability and stabilize the signal variation above the reservoir.
The role of dendritic cells in asthma (2004)

Because of the immunoregulatory properties of dendritic cells, the future is likely to see a concerted effort to further define the role that these cells play in allergic sensitization, as a basis for the development of new treatments for asthma and other atopic disorders.
Characterization of Low Dark-Current Lateral Amorphous-Selenium Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetectors (2013)

We report a lateral amorphous-selenium (a-Se) metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector with a blocking contact. The blocking contact, a polyimide layer, is shown to significantly reduce the dark current even at high applied biases that result in high photo-to-dark-current ratios, thus leading to wide dynamic range and high signal-to-noise ratio. The use of the polyimide blocking contact prevents the injection of both holes and electrons and improves considerably upon the dark current of previously reported lateral a-Se detectors. The presence of charge trapping at the polyimide/a-Se interface is found to be negligible through the use of pulsed light experiments. The effects of electrode spacing and electrode width on device performance are investigated through experiment and simulation for device optimization. From the devices that are fabricated, it is found that the dark current is strongly dependent on the comb fingers density while the same trend is not observed for the photocurrent. It is found that the device with 10- μm electrode spacing and 10-μm electrode width has the best performance in terms of photo and dark current. This paper demonstrates the promise of low-cost lateral a-Se devices for use in indirect conversion large area digital medical X-ray imaging applications, such as chest radiography, real-time fluoroscopy, and cone beam computed tomography.
The adaptation of fluorescence microscopy for Nocardia asteroides: a preliminary report. (1975)

The Fluorescence Microscope is extremely effective in revealing the presence and morphology of Nocardia asteroides. This has been effectively demonstrated when the Auramine Fluorochrome was decolourized with 1% H2SO4 and the interval of decolourization was limited to two minutes and thirty seconds. When Nocardia asteroids was seeded in sputum found to be negative for acid-fast organisms and in greatly diluted quantities after one hour intervals, its presence was still revealed with the Flourescence Microscope. The normally employed Kinyoun technique of acid-fastness was seen to be less effective under the same conditions.
Metal cluster sputtering under reactive ion bombardment investigated by TOF-SNMS-laser-system (2005)

Duisburg, Essen, Univ., Diss., 2005
Intussusception after Appendicectomy (1944)

MEDICAL JOJRNALBut in conformity with Shrubsall I saw malignant disease in 2 red-haired patients only.It should be of va.ue further to study the incidence of red hair in pulmonary tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, acute tonsillitis, purpura simplex, and epilepsy. BLEEDINGThe contributor to the Journal stated that he had no know- ledge of any work on red hair and excessive bleeding.There is, however, evidence that rheumatic fever is associated with unusual (if not excessive) tendency to bleed.The tendency of rheumatic persons to nose-bleeding is discussed by Levine, Andren, and Homans (1930).Coburn (1933) found post- mortem evidence that rheumatic fever was associated with diffuse haemorrhagic changes.I (Davis, 1941, 1943) have given evidence of a special association between purpura simplex anid rheumatism.I do not vet know whether this assocIation is stronger in red-haired rheumatic subjects.Although many clinicians will have seen purpura in tuberculosis the association is re'atively rare (Davis, 1943).It might also be worth while investigating th:s association in red-haired tuberculous patients.De-air's of a Ser-ies of 100 Red-haired Patientts (Diseases in which Red Hair was seenz in miior-e thani 3 Patients) Ttl Cases with Percentage of Dis ase Totases Red HTaital 100 Red-haired Dis ase Cases Red Hair ~~~Patients Pulmonary tuberculosis .. 296 23 (7 8%) 23 Rheumatic fever (past or present) 248 5 (r0',) 15 Acute tonsillitis .162 12(7 4<.i)
Wage Uncertainty and Migration of the Young: Evidence from Thailand (2001)

In Thailand, most migrant labor from rural districts to Bangkok Metropolis are young workers in their late teens and twenties. Nevertheless, expected urban wages for young migrants are lower than elder ones and uncertainty of wage, in turn, is greater as the migrants become younger. This paper explains the migration behavior that is particularly intensive among youth with regard to workers' motive for learning about their own ability or suitability to different jobs. Uncertainty of urban wages reflects innate ability that is unobservable to workers themselves, hence indicating that wages are better signals of such heterogeneity for younger migrants. This implies young workers' migration to Bangkok is motivated by learning about own ability/suitability. Empirical findings using labor survey data from Thailand show that; (1) Bangkok wages for younger migrants are more diverse from being more dependent on unobserved attributes, and (2) the wage diversity due to its dependence on ability motivates young workers' migration to Bangkok
Constitutive Modeling of Composite Laminates With Progressive Ply Cracking (1992)

Abstract A computational procedure is proposed to determine effective constitutive relations for composite laminates with progressive cracking. The procedure is based on the assumption that the effective stiffness of a cracked ply in a laminate can be determined by analyzing the cracked ply by itself independent of the rest of the laminate. A polynomial failure criterion is used to predict ply cracking using effective ply stresses. The procedure provides a full set of effective laminate stiffnesses as well as crack densities in constituent plies.
Improvement of Transport Properties in Magnetic Tunneling Junctions by Capping Materials (2007)

The capping effects on the properties of magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs) have been investigated to improve the magnetoresistive (MR) ratio [Nagamine , Applied Physics, vol. 99, p. 08K703, 2006] and thermal stability [Fukumoto , Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 45, p. 3829, 2006. In this paper, MgO/Mg and MgO capping layers for MTJs were used to replace our previously used Ta and Ru capping layer [Yen , IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 42, no. 10, p. 862, 2004]. The MTJs with NiFe and CoFeB free layers were patterned to ellipses of 0.36 mum times 0.72 mum. The MR ratios of the MTJs with an NiFe free layer were enhanced from 26% to about 33% by capping MgO/Mg bilayers. A great improvement was also found on the MTJs with the CoFeB free layer, where the MR ratio was 50.4% with the MgO cap layer enhanced from 44.7% of Ru-capped MTJs. In addition, the influences of those capping layers included Ta, Ru, MgO, and MgO/Mg on thermal stability were also discussed
Nestin and CD133: valuable stem cell-specific markers for determining clinical outcome of glioma patients (2008)

These results collectively suggest that Nestin and CD133 expression may be an important feature of human gliomas. A combined detection of Nestin/CD133 co-expression may benefit us in the prediction of aggressive nature of this tumor.
Phase-shift and other mutants in the first part of the <i>r</i> II B cistron of bacteriophage T4 (1967)

Abstract The mutants considered consist of over 200 of the phase-shift type and 16 of the base-substitution type. A set of 61 of these has been mapped with precision and the rest have been located approximately. The results of all the crosses needed to locate the various mutants are listed. The sites of mutation are spread fairly evenly over the genetic map, with only a few appreciable gaps. A sign has been allocated to all the phase-shift mutants except for a group of nine at the extreme left-hand end of the gene. All but two of the base-substitution mutants are ochres or ambers. A complete index is given of all the multiple mutants so far constructed. The phenotype of most of these combinations follows the rules previously proposed. No combination gives the wild or pseudo-wild phenotype which is not expected to do so. The nature of the ‘barriers’ produced in certain pairs of mutants of unlike sign has been explored. Some of these barriers are ochres or ambers, but at least four of them fall into neither of these classes. All of them can be removed by a mutation of the base-substitution type. Certain combinations of double mutants of the type (+ +) have been shown to produce minute plaques on K. Most of these are associated with two of the barriers.
Noise equalization in Stokes parameter images obtained by use of variable-retardance polarimeters (2000)

An imaging variable retardance polarimeter was developed and tested by Tyo and Turner [Proc. SPIE 3753, 214 (1999)]. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the reconstructed polarization images obtained with this system varied for the four Stokes parameters. The difference in SNR is determined to be due to differences in the Euclidean lengths of the rows of the synthesis matrix used to reconstruct the Stokes parameters from the measured intensity data. I equalize (and minimize) the lengths of the rows of this matrix by minimizing the condition number of the synthesis matrix, thereby maximizing the relative importance of each of the polarimeter measurements. The performance of the optimized system is demonstrated with simulated data, and the SNR is shown to increase from a worst case of -3.1 dB for the original settings to a worst case of +5.0 dB for the optimized system.
Effect of Gallic Acid and Catechin on<i>Lactobacillus hilgardii</i>5w Growth and Metabolism of Organic Compounds (2001)

The effects of different concentrations of (+)-catechin and gallic acid on the growth and metabolism of Lactobacillus hilgardii in different media were evaluated. These phenolic compounds at concentrations normally present in wine not only stimulated the growth rate but also resulted in greater cell densities during the stationary phase of growth in both media. During the first hours of growth both phenolic compounds activated the rate of glucose and fructose utilization and only catechin increased the malic acid consumption rate. Gallic acid and catechin were consumed from the beginning of L. hilgardii growth. All cited effects were increased when the cells were precultivated in the presence of phenolic compounds, especially in the FT80 medium. As stimulating agents of L. hilgardii 5w growth, gallic acid and catechin could increase the risk of spoilage lactic acid bacteria in wine.
Childhood asthma following hospitalization with acute viral bronchiolitis in infancy (1989)

A prospective follow-up of 48 infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in the first year of life revealed that 44 of these infants had symptoms suggestive of asthma in the 5 years following their initial illness (cumulative prevalence 92%). Symptoms became less frequent and less troublesome during the follow-up period. Thirty-five of these children visited the laboratory for clinical examination, pulmonary function testing, and histamine challenge. Twenty-five children were believed to have clinical evidence of asthma at the time of the laboratory visit (point prevalence 71%). Five children were unable to perform pulmonary function tests; 25 of the remaining 30 (67%) had a positive histamine challenge test. No relationship could be demonstrated between a clinical diagnosis of asthma, a family history of atopy, and the results of histamine challenge testing. These results question the relationship between the results of bronchial provocation tests and clinical asthma in this age group.