gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel Voltage-Feedback Pixel Circuit for AMOLED Displays (2008)

This study presents a novel voltage-modulated pixel circuit for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) consisting of five n-type thin-film transistors (TFTs), one additional control signal, and one storage capacitor. The proposed circuit, which can be implemented in all-n-type and all-p-type low temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) TFT technologies, successfully compensates for threshold voltage deviation of TFTs and facilitates correction of OLED degradation using a voltage feedback method. Simulation and experimental results for all-n-type TFTs indicate that the proposed pixel circuit reduced the nonuniformity brightness problem effectively by compensating for threshold voltage variation in TFTs and reduced the degradation of emission efficiency in OLEDs.
Virtual archery with tangible interaction (2013)

This paper presents the design of “Virtual Arrow”, a 3D simulator for traditional archery. Traditional archers aim without a target figure. Good shooting results require an excellent body-eye coordination that allows the user to perform identical movements during each shot. The fascination of this sport is mainly based on a positive user experience when drawing the bow, focusing the target, releasing the arrow and hitting the target. With our 3D simulator we want to provide a believable archery experience and support novel users in practicing the motion sequence of traditional archery in a virtual environment. To provide a realistic haptic feedback we used a real bow as interaction device and equipped it with a dedicated damping system. We extended this system by electronic sensors to detect drawing and releasing of the bow, aiming at a virtual target and moving in front of a large projection screen. A second goal is to entertain visitors at trade fairs and exhibitions by exploring short interactive scenes and solve simple game-based tasks. Therefore, a set of tangible interaction methods has been designed to allow for entertaining interaction. A preliminary evaluation of this work based on informal interviews with users during a large exhibition and a small presence pre-test indicate a positive feedback concerning usability, joy of use and user experience.
Karl Jaspers’s Educational Philosophy (2016)

From the perspective of philosophy, the article analyzes the basic contents of educational philosophy by Karl Jaspers, one of the typical philosophers of existentialism of the twentieth century. According to Karl Jaspers, the aim of education is to educate people with liberal thinking and capable of self-determination. To achieve this aim educational programs should focus on teaching understanding of life, the natural world and ourselves, and at the same time value the role of democratic dialogues, the character actors of both teachers and learners in the teaching - learning process. Besides making remarks about the value and limitations of this educational philosophy, the article initially mentioned the value approach to Vietnam education today.
Indolcarboxamide Is a Preclinical Candidate for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (2013)

New chemotherapeutic compounds against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are urgently needed to combat drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB). We have identified and characterized the indolcarboxamides as a new class of antitubercular bactericidal agent. Genetic and lipid profiling studies identified the likely molecular target of indolcarboxamides as MmpL3, a transporter of trehalose monomycolate that is essential for mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Two lead candidates, NITD-304 and NITD-349, showed potent activity against both drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Mtb. Promising pharmacokinetic profiles of both compounds after oral dosing in several species enabled further evaluation for efficacy and safety. NITD-304 and NITD-349 were efficacious in treating both acute and chronic Mtb infections in mouse efficacy models. Furthermore, dosing of NITD-304 and NITD-349 for 2 weeks in exploratory rat toxicology studies revealed a promising safety margin. Finally, neither compound inhibited the activity of major cytochrome P-450 enzymes or the hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) channel. These results suggest that NITD-304 and NITD-349 should undergo further development as a potential treatment for multidrug-resistant TB.
Crescentic glomerulonephritis related to hepatitis B virus. (1992)

Crescentic glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in two chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. In all three biopsies performed, hepatitis B e antigen was found in glomerular capillary tufts. The first patient presented with nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure. The glomerular pathology revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with endocapillary proliferation, and she recovered spontaneously with normal renal function over the following 6 mo despite a persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia. The other patient presented with nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function. Hepatitis B virus-related membranous nephropathy was diagnosed on the first biopsy, and he did well on symptomatic treatment for 20 mo. The nephrotic syndrome recurred and subsequently he developed acute renal failure a month following interferon treatment. The repeated biopsy revealed a crescentic glomerulonephritis that was associated with mixed membranous and membranoproliferative glomerulopathies. This patient responded to immunosuppression and plasma exchange with residual impairment of renal function. He has been stable after 18 mo follow-up.
Serum levels of hepatitis C virus core protein in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon alfa (1996)

The quantitation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia can be helpful in the diagnosis, therapy, and monitoring of patients with chronic hepatitis C. A sensitive and quantitative fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA) has recently been developed for assaying HCV core protein in serum. To assess the utility of measurements of serum HCV core protein during the course of treatment of chronic hepatitis C, we studied 27 patients who were treated with a single schedule of interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) (9 million units per dose for 24 weeks; total dose, 720 million units). Eleven of the 27 patients responded with clearance of HCV RNA and fall of aminotransferase to normal; 16 patients did not respond to treatment. Before therapy, HCV core antigen was detectable in 25 of the 27 patients (93%). The initial serum concentration of HCV core protein was significantly (P < .01) higher in the nonresponders versus the responders. Two weeks after initiating IFN-alpha therapy, HCV core protein was not detectable in any of the 11 responders, but was detected in 8 of 16 nonresponders (P < .01). All responders, but none of the nonresponders, remained negative for core protein after IFN-alpha therapy. The measurement of HCV core protein by FEIA may be useful for predicting the response to IFN-alpha and for monitoring its therapeutic efficacy.
A wave decoder for continuous speech recognition (2002)

A wave decoder based on the general re-entrant network for continuous speech recognition is described. The decoder design is based on the concept of self adjusting decoding graph in which the decoding network is expanded and released frame synchronously. The fast network expansion and release are made possible by utilizing a novel dynamic network scaffolding layer. The self adjusting decoding graph is obtained by slicing the traditional decoding network horizontally for separation of different knowledge sources and vertically according to each time instant in search. A two layer hashing structure and an admissible arc predication scheme are described. These methods significantly reduce the arc mortality rate, a problem which plagues the efficiency of the dynamic decoder. Experimental results demonstrate that an order of magnitude reduction of decoding resources can be achieved based on the proposed approach.
Investigations of New Lead Structures for the Design of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (2001)

Heterocyclic derivatives of (R,S)/(S,R)-1-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine (L1) were synthesized and tested for estrogen receptor binding. The selection of the heterocycles was based on theoretical consideration. (2R,3S)/(2S,3R)-2-(2-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)piperazine 2, (4R,5S)/(4S,5R)-4-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-imidazoline 3, and 4-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole 4 possess a spatial structure with neighboring aromatic rings as is realized in hormonally active [1,2-diphenylethylenediamine]platinum(II) complexes. The 1,2-diphenylethane pharmacophor, however, cannot adapt an antiperiplanar conformation to interact with the estrogen receptor (ER) comparable to synthetic (e.g., diethylstilbestrol (DES)) or steroidal (e.g., estradiol (E2)) estrogens. Due to the different spatial structures, the heterocycles cause only a marginal displacement of E2 from its binding site (relative binding affinity (RBA) < 0.1%). Nevertheless, unequivocally ER mediated gene activation was verified on the MCF-7-2a cell line. Imidazoline 3 as the most active compound reached the maximum effect of E2 (100% activation) in a concentration of 5 x 10(-7) M, while piperazine 2 and imidazole 4 activate luciferase expression only in a small but significant amount of 20% and 27%, respectively. We therefore assigned these heterocyclic compounds to a second class of hormones (type-II-estrogens), which are attached at the ER at different amino acids than DES or E2 (type-I-estrogens).
An 11-Bit 8.6 GHz Direct Digital Synthesizer MMIC With 10-Bit Segmented Sine-Weighted DAC (2010)

This paper presents a low power, ultrahigh-speed and high resolution SiGe DDS MMIC with 11-bit phase and 10-bit amplitude resolutions. Using more than twenty thousand transistors, including an 11-bit pipeline accumulator, a 6-bit coarse sine-weighted DAC and eight 3-bit fine sine-weighted DACs, the core area of the DDS is 3 × 2.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The maximum clock frequency was measured at 8.6 GHz with a 4.2958 GHz output. The DDS consumes 4.8 W of power using a single 3.3 V power supply. It achieves the best reported phase and amplitude resolutions, as well as a leading power efficiency figure-of-merit (FOM) of 81.1 GHz·2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SFDR/6</sup> /W in the mm-wave DDS design. The measured spurious-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) is approximately 45 dBc with a 4.2958 GHz Nyquist output, and 50 dBc with a 4.2 MHz output in the Nyquist band at the maximum clock frequency of 8.6 GHz. Under a 7.2 GHz clock input, the worst-case Nyquist band SFDR and narrow band SFDR are measured as 33 dBc and 42 dBc respectively. The measured phase noise with an output frequency of 1.57 GHz is - 118.55 dBc/Hz at a 10 kHz frequency offset with a 7.2 GHz clock input generated from an Agilent E8257D analog signal generator. All the measurements were taken with the chips bonded in a CLCC-52 package.
A single photon detector implemented in a 130nm CMOS imaging process (2008)

We report on a new single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS imaging process. A novel circular structure combining shallow trench isolation (STI) and a passivation implant creates an effective guard ring against premature edge breakdown. Thanks to this guard ring, unprecedented levels of miniaturization may be reached at no cost of added noise, decreased sensitivity or timing resolution. The detector integrated along with quenching and read out electronics was fully characterized. Optical measurements show the effectiveness of the guard ring and the high degree of electric field planarity across the sensitive region of the detector. With a photon detection probability of up to 30% and a timing jitter of 125 ps at full-width-half-maximum this SPAD is well suited for applications such as 3-D imaging, fluorescence lifetime imaging and biophotonics.
Preparation of High-Quality n-Type Poly-Si Films by the Solid Phase Crystallization (SPC) Method (1990)

For further improvement of conversion efficiency in a-Si solar cells, it is necessary to develop materials with high photosensitivity in the long-wavelength region. A new solid phase crystallization (SPC) method was developed to grow a Si crystal at temperatures as low as 600°C. Using this method, high-quality thin-film polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) with a Hall mobility of 70 cm 2 /V·s was obtained. Quantum efficiency in the range of 800 nm ∼ 1000 nm was achieved up to 80% in an experimental solar cell using the n-type poly-Si with a grain size of about 1.5 µm. Therefore, it was found that our SPC method was suitable as a new technique to prepare high-quality solar cell materials.
Biatrial pacing improves atrial haemodynamics and atrioventricular timing compared with pacing from the right atrial appendage (2011)

Multisite atrial pacing results in favourable acute atrial haemodynamics and left AV synchrony. This may be a solution in pacemaker patients with interatrial conduction delay.
Preparation and intramolecular radical cyclization of some cyclic N-sulfonylenamines (1994)

Cyclic N-sulfonylenamines can be prepared under mild conditions from the corresponding lactams by an efficient two-step procedure involving diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL) or LiAIH4 reduction followed by CF3CO2H induced dehydration. In addition, appropriately substituted N-sulfonylenamines are substrates in intramolecular radical cyclizations, forming the corresponding spirocyclic sulfonamides in good yields.
Active cancellation of the common-mode voltage produced by a voltage-source PWM inverter (1998)

This paper proposes an “active common-mode noise canceler” that is capable of eliminating the common-mode voltage produced by a voltage source PWM (pulsewidth modulated) inverter. It generates a compensating voltage which has the same amplitude as, but the opposite phase to, the common-mode voltage produced by the PWM inverter. The compensating voltage is superimposed on the inverter output by a common-mode transformer. As a result, the common-mode voltage applied to the load is canceled completely. The design method of the active common-mode noise canceler is also presented in detail. A prototype has been constructed and tested to verify the effectiveness for an induction motor drive system of 3.7 kW using an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) inverter. Some experimental results show that the proposed active common-mode noise canceler makes a significant contribution to eliminating the common-mode current or the ground current, and it prevents an electric shock from being received by anyone handling it. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 124(3): 64–72, 1998
Functional Donor Site Morbidity Following Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Transfer (2004)

The latissimus dorsi flap is highly versatile and reliable, making it a commonly transferred muscle flap. This study evaluated the subjective donor site morbidity, with special attention to activities of daily living. A review of 85 consecutive female patients who underwent latissimus dorsi muscle transfer was performed. Patients were mailed detailed questionnaires concerning cosmesis, use of the shoulder, time to return to work, weakness, and multiple specific activities of daily living. Up to 39% of patients reported at least moderate weakness, 50% experienced back numbness/tightness, and 22% of patients rated their scar as unacceptable. A significant number of patients had difficulty with vigorous activities of daily living (P < 0.05) compared with more sedentary activities. We conclude that latissimus harvest is not totally without postoperative donor site morbidity, and patients should be counseled accordingly prior to flap transfer.
Strand Displacement by DNA Polymerase III Occurs through a τ-ψ-χ Link to Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein Coating the Lagging Strand Template (2009)

In addition to the well characterized processive replication reaction catalyzed by the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme on single-stranded DNA templates, the enzyme possesses an intrinsic strand displacement activity on flapped templates. The strand displacement activity is distinguished from the single-stranded DNA-templated reaction by a high dependence upon single-stranded DNA binding protein and an inability of gamma-complex to support the reaction in the absence of tau. However, if gamma-complex is present to load beta(2), a truncated tau protein containing only domains III-V will suffice. This truncated protein is sufficient to bind both the alpha subunit of DNA polymerase (Pol) III and chipsi. This is reminiscent of the minimal requirements for Pol III to replicate short single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB)-coated templates where tau is only required to serve as a scaffold to hold Pol III and chi in the same complex (Glover, B., and McHenry, C. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 23476-23484). We propose a model in which strand displacement by DNA polymerase III holoenzyme depends upon a Pol III-tau-psi-chi-SSB binding network, where SSB is bound to the displaced strand, stabilizing the Pol III-template interaction. The same interaction network is probably important for stabilizing the leading strand polymerase interactions with authentic replication forks. The specificity constant (k(cat)/K(m)) for the strand displacement reaction is approximately 300-fold less favorable than reactions on single-stranded templates and proceeds with a slower rate (150 nucleotides/s) and only moderate processivity (approximately 300 nucleotides). PriA, the initiator of replication restart on collapsed or misassembled replication forks, blocks the strand displacement reaction, even if added to an ongoing reaction.
Single-electron transistor logic (1996)

We present the results of numerical simulations of a functionally complete set of complementary logic circuits based on capacitively coupled single-electron transistors (CSETs). The family includes an inverter/buffer stage, as well as two-input NOR, NAND, and XOR gates, all using similar tunnel junctions, and the same dc bias voltage and logic levels. Maximum operation temperature, switching speed, power consumption, noise tolerances, error rate, and critical parameter margins of the basic gates have been estimated. When combined with the data from a preliminary geometrical analysis, the results indicate that implementation of the CSET logic family for operation at T∼20 K will require fabrication of structures with ∼2-nm-wide islands separated by ∼1-nm-wide tunnel gaps.
A task description language for robot control (2002)

Robot systems must achieve high level goals while remaining reactive to contingencies and new opportunities. This typically requires robot systems to coordinate concurrent activities, monitor the environment, and deal with exceptions. We have developed a new language to support such task-level control. The language, TDL, is an extension of C++ that provides syntactic support for task decomposition, synchronization, execution monitoring, and exception handling. A compiler transforms TDL into pure C++ code that utilizes a platform-independent task management library. This paper introduces TDL, describes the task tree representation that underlies the language, and presents some aspects of its implementation and use in an autonomous mobile robot.
Collagen II antibody-induced arthritis in Tg1278TNFko mice: optimization of a novel model to assess treatments targeting human TNFα in rheumatoid arthritis (2014)

The features of CAIA in Tg1278TNFko animals make the model well-suited to testing the next generation of therapeutics that will target human TNFα in rheumatoid arthritis.
Network virtualization: a hypervisor for the Internet? (2012)

Network virtualization is a relatively new research topic. A number of articles propose that certain benefits can be realized by virtualizing links between network elements as well as adding virtualization on intermediate network elements. In this article we argue that network virtualization may bring nothing new in terms of technical capabilities and theoretical performance, but it provides a way of organizing networks such that it is possible to overcome some of the practical issues in today¿s Internet. We strengthen our case by an analogy between the concept of network virtualization as it is currently presented in research, and machine virtualization as proven useful in deployments in recent years. First we make an analogy between the functionality of an operating system and that of a network, and identify similar concepts and elements. Then we emphasize the practical benefits realized by machine virtualization, and we exploit the analogy to derive potential benefits brought by network virtualization. We map the established applications for machine virtualization to network virtualization, thus identifying possible use cases for network virtualization. We also use this analogy to structure the design space for network virtualization.
ABCG1 Deficiency in Mice Promotes Endothelial Activation and Monocyte–Endothelial Interactions (2010)

ABCG1 deficiency in aortic endothelial cells activates endothelial IL-6-IL-6 receptor-STAT3 signaling, thereby increasing monocyte-endothelial interactions and vascular inflammation.
A Complete Geiger-Müller Counting System (1939)

Constructional details are given of a complete Geiger-Müller counting system consisting of a stabilized high voltage supply, Neher-Harper coupling circuit and vacuum-tube scale-of-eight feeding a Cenco counter stage. The system is entirely a.c. operated. Its resolution time of 6.5×10−6 second allows it to follow the G-M circuit without counting losses. The counting losses in the Cenco counter stage are negligible for random input rates to the system up to 20,000–30,000 counts a minute.
Pertussis toxin inhibits somatostatin-induced K+ conductance in human pituitary tumor cells (1987)

The effect of pertussis toxin on somatostatin-induced K+ current was examined in dissociated human pituitary tumor cells obtained from two acromegalic patients. Somatostatin-induced hyperpolarization or K+ current was observed in 20 of 23 cells in adenoma 1 and 10 of 11 cells in adenoma 2. After treatment with pertussis toxin for 24 h, these responses were completely suppressed (0/14 in adenoma 1, 0/10 in adenoma 2). Spontaneous action potentials, K+, Na+, and Ca2+ currents were well preserved after pertussis toxin treatment. When crude membrane fraction was incubated with [32P]NAD, a 41K protein was ADP-ribosylated by pertussis toxin. Hormone release was inhibited by somatostatin and this inhibition was blocked by pertussis toxin treatment.
Liposome‐mediated transfection with extract from neonatal rat cardiomyocytes induces transdifferentiation of human adipose‐derived stem cells into cardiomyocytes (2008)

We demonstrate that transfection with nuclear protein extracts from neonatal rat cardiomyocytes can induce a cardiomyogenic differentiation pathway in human stem cells.