gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HUMAN COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION VIA THE ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY ON PORCINE ENDOTHELIUM INITIATED BY IgA ANTIBODIES (1995)

The role of the classical pathway (CP) and the alternative pathway (AP) of complement activation in hyperacute xenograft rejection remains a matter of considerable debate. In addition, it is unknown whether IgG and IgA antibodies activate complement, although these antibodies have been found in hyperacutely rejected xenografts. This study was initiated to assess a possible role of the AP of complement activation in a pig-to-human transplantation model using fresh human sera and isolated antibodies with cultured porcine endothelial cells (PEC) as targets. IgM, IgG, monomeric IgA, and dimeric IgA (dIgA) antibodies with reactivity toward PEC as determined by ELISA were isolated from pooled normal human sera. Serum from patients with agammaglobulinemia was used as a source of human complement. C3 and C4 deposition on nonfixed PEC during CP (1% serum) or AP activation (10% serum with MgEGTA) was analyzed using an ELISA. Complement-mediated PEC lysis was tested in a 51Cr release assay. Using normal human sera as the source of antibodies and complement, C3 and C4 deposition was already found after 10 min of incubation in the CP, whereas an increasing amount of C3 was found in the AP. During AP activation, no C4 deposition was observed, indicating that CP activation did not contribute to the observed AP-mediated C3 deposition. Moreover, dIgA antibodies caused deposition of C3 and not C4. Purified IgM and dIgA antibodies (1 mg/ml) in the presence of 10% agammaglobulinemic serum showed a mean specific PEC lysis of 31% and 28%, respectively. Agammaglobulinemic serum alone or with IgG or monomeric IgA antibodies had no detectable lytic activity. In conclusion, dIgA antibodies might play an additional role in pig-to-human xenograft rejection by activating human complement via the AP.
Infectivity of Prion Protein Bound to Stainless Steel Wires: A Model for Testing Decontamination Procedures for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (2004)

At the time of submission of this article, only the group of hamsters incubated with wires reprocessed with an alkaline detergent, followed by sterilization with a modified cycle in a hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilizer (4 injections), showed no clinical signs of disease and remained alive. Two animals from the group receiving sodium hydroxide followed by autoclaving (at 134 degrees C for 18 minutes) died. Furthermore, the tested enzymatic cleaning agent seemed to have no positive effect.
Nuclear transplantation in mammals: Remodelling of transplanted nuclei under the influence of maturation promoting factor (1996)

Whilst the role of Maturation or M-phase Promoting Factor (MPF) as a universal M-phase regulator is well documented, much less attention has been paid to its role in nuclear transplantation experiments and especially to its influence upon remodelling of transplanted nuclei. There is currently wide acceptance that successful nuclear transplantation using differentiated nuclei is possible only in a cytoplasmic environment that is capable of inducing rapid nuclear de-differentiation to a pronuclear-like form. In this review our purpose is firstly, to outline the conditions under which such remodelling can be induced, and secondly, to extend the debate to include a consideration of whether complete nuclear remodelling is an absolute necessity for clonal development.
A microcomputer-based cardiac mapping system for recurrent ventricular tachycardia surgery (2003)

The authors present a system which allows the mapping of the electrical activity of the heart, aiming at locating the ectopic focus when performing open heart surgery for recurrent ventricular tachycardia correction. This open-heart surgery system allows the acquisition and analysis of the electrical signal at up to 256 points on the heart surface at a given time, allowing 3-D maps of the electrical activation of the heart to be generated and displayed under user control. The experiments in dogs and the first surgery in humans have suggested that the system is safe, simple to use, reliable, and accurate.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Thermal field-flow fractionation. Extension to lower molecular weight separations by increasing the liquid temperature range using a pressurized system (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal field-flow fractionation. Extension to lower molecular weight separations by increasing the liquid temperature range using a pressurized systemJ. Calvin. Giddings, LaRell K. Smith, and Marcus N. MyersCite this: Anal. Chem. 1975, 47, 14, 2389–2394Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60364a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60364a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views87Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biological Activity of Insulin-Sepharose? (1973)

571MetricsTotal Downloads57Last 6 Months4Last 12 Months7Total Citations1Last 6 Months0Last 12 Months0View all metrics
The role of theories in conceptual coherence. (1985)

The question of what makes a concept coherent (what makes its members form a comprehensible class) has received a variety of answers. In this article we review accounts based on similarity, feature correlations, and various theories of categorization. We find that each theory provides an inadequate account of conceptual coherence (or no account at all) because none provides enough constraints on possible concepts. We propose that concepts are coherent to the extent that they fit people's background knowledge or naive theories about the world. These theories help to relate the concepts in a domain and to structure the attributes that are internal to a concept. Evidence of the influence of theories on various conceptual tasks is presented, and the possible importance of theories in cognitive development is discussed.
Characteristics of color optical shutter with dye-doped polymer network liquid crystal (2011)

The optical properties and the theoretical prediction of color optical shutter with dye-doped polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) were investigated. The view-angle dependence of reflectance according to the bias conditions showed distinctive characteristics, which could be explained from the effects of dye absorption and path length. It was also shown that the thickness dependence of reflectance was strongly influenced by the light-scattering coefficient. Our experimental results matched up well with the theoretical prediction based on the light scattering of liquid crystals in polymer network and the absorption of dichroic dye. This work indicates potential to improve the optical device using dye-doped liquid crystal-polymer composite.
Charge-coupled device and charge-injection device imaging (1976)

A brief review is given of the advances in solid-state imaging during the last ten years. The issues of surface channel versus buried channel, aliasing versus prefiltering, frame transfer (FT) versus interline transfer (IT) versus charge-injection device (CID), and direct view versus EBIC imaging are discussed. Time-delay-and-integration (TDI) and infrared imaging are discussed. Finally applications are considered.
Expression of Various Glutamate Receptors Including N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) in an Ovarian Teratoma Removed from a Young Woman with Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis (2010)

A 21-year-old woman developed psychiatric symptoms, progressive unresponsiveness, generalized seizures, severe dyskinesia, marked fluctuation of blood pressure, and hypersalivation after a flu-like episode. Anti-glutamate receptor (GluR)ε2 and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies were positive in both her serum and CSF. After she recovered five months later she underwent surgery to remove a right ovarian teratoma. Immunohistochemical examinations of her teratoma disclosed abundant expression of various GluRs including NR2B subunit of NMDAR, GluR1, and GluR2/3. These immunoreactivities of GluRs were seen not only in small areas of neural tissue identified as anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive areas but also in other large areas of undifferentiated neuroepithelial tissue without GFAP immunoreactivity. Our findings strongly support the recent idea that neural elements in ovarian teratoma play an important role in the production of antibodies to NMDARs in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Additionally, the study of control ovaries clearly showed NR2B-related immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of oocytes, indicating that the normal ovary itself has expression of NMDARs. This finding might provide a clue to understand the pathogenesis of this disease in female patients without ovarian teratoma.
Modeling radiation-induced carbon contamination of extreme ultraviolet optics (2006)

A comprehensive model of radiation-induced carbon contamination of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) optics is presented. The mathematical model describes the key processes that contribute to the deposition of a carbon film on a multilayer optic when the optic is exposed to EUV radiation in the presence of residual hydrocarbons. These processes include the transport of residual hydrocarbons to the irradiated area, molecular diffusion across the optic surface, and the subsequent dissociation or “cracking” of the hydrocarbon by both direct EUV ionization and secondary electron excitation. Model predictions of carbon growth are compared to measurements taken on optics exposed to EUV in the presence of residual hydrocarbons. Model estimates of hydrocarbon film growth under various conditions of hydrocarbon partial pressures and EUV power demonstrate the sensitivity of film growth to varying operating conditions. Both the model and experimental data indicate that the predominant cause of hydrocarbon dissociation is bond breaking by direct photon absorption, rather than by dissociation processes caused by exposure to secondary electrons. Detailed predictions for carbon deposition for a variety of conditions of EUV power and hydrocarbon pressure are reported. The model successfully predicts that light hydrocarbons (&lt;∼100amu) pose a negligible risk to EUV optics, in general agreement with the experiment. Calculations also predict that modest increases in substrate temperature, on the order of 30°C, will substantially reduce optic contamination by increasing hydrocarbon desorption from the surface. Model investigation of surface diffusion indicates that, while surface diffusion is an important surface phenomenon for light gases, for the heavier hydrocarbons that contribute substantially to contamination, surface diffusion is not an important transport phenomenon.
Basal cell carcinomas, gastrointestinal carcinomas, and ulcerative colitis in relation to the disappearance of a plasma factor. (1983)

Our previous findings have shown that the plasma of cancer patients lacks a factor (LCMEF) that is characterized by its ability to enhance lymphocytic cortisol metabolism. In the present study we have examined whether this phenomenon also appears in patients suffering from basal cell carcinoma, a seldom metastasizing disease, and in patients with ulcerative colitis regarded to be at high risk of developing cancer. Known concentrations of human lymphocytes from healthy donors were incubated with cortisol in media containing 50% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 50% of one of the following additions: 1) homologous plasma, 2) plasma from the patients being tested, or 3) additional PBS. Previous findings showed that the plasma of cancer patients has a mean metabolism-enhancing rate of 62% of that obtained with homologous plasma. In the present work the results were as follows: basal cell carcinomas--98%, gastrointestinal carcinomas--63%, ulcerative colitis--95%, and healthy donors--90%. The results with regard to cancer patients show that lack of LCMEF does not characterize basal cell carcinoma and ulcerative colitis. Hence, it is possible that the disappearance of LCMEF 1) does not characterize ulcerative colitis as long as a malignant tumor does not appear and 2) does not characterize seldom metastasizing disease (basal cell carcinoma).
Learning Global Social Conditions: A Broader View for Social Work Students (2015)

Today, students are increasingly interested in global issues. To meet this need, social work education must find models to incorporate international content into social work curriculum. This article presents a pedagogical experience to familiarize social work students with comparative social welfare from a global perspective. In a graduate seminar, students utilized data from the United Nations and the World Bank to examine social conditions in different parts of the world in order to gain a broader view of global social conditions. The result was a compilation of profiles highlighting the social conditions of developing countries across different regions of the globe. Furthermore, based on students’ feedback, the benefits of doing such comparative study and the implications for internationalizing social work curriculum are discussed.
Analysis and optimization of the Bragg reflector for tunable photodetector with planar mirror optical microcavity on silicon substrate (2004)

An analytical model for calculating the reflection and transmission coefficients of a Bragg reflector with periodic structure is reported. Using explicit expressions for these coefficients the reflectivity of the periodic structures was simulated for different pairs of layer materials (SiO/sub 2//Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/.poly-Si/SiO/sub 2/, Si/air-gap and SiO/sub 2//Au) and layer thickness. Our method allows the rapid evaluation of reflectance of Bragg reflector with periodic structure.
Rice husks as a sustainable source of nanostructured silicon for high performance Li-ion battery anodes (2013)

The recovery of useful materials from earth-abundant substances is of strategic importance for industrial processes. Despite the fact that Si is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, processes to form Si nanomaterials is usually complex, costly and energy-intensive. Here we show that pure Si nanoparticles (SiNPs) can be derived directly from rice husks (RHs), an abundant agricultural byproduct produced at a rate of 1.2 × 10(8) tons/year, with a conversion yield as high as 5% by mass. And owing to their small size (10-40 nm) and porous nature, these recovered SiNPs exhibits high performance as Li-ion battery anodes, with high reversible capacity (2,790 mA h g(-1), seven times greater than graphite anodes) and long cycle life (86% capacity retention over 300 cycles). Using RHs as the raw material source, overall energy-efficient, green, and large scale synthesis of low-cost and functional Si nanomaterials is possible.
L-ascorbic acid: An overview (1993)

This review includes current information on advances regarding the chemistry and synthesis of L-ascorbic acid, highlighting its importance in nutrition, health, food processing (enzymatic browning, meat preservation, beer manufacture, wine production, dairy products, fats and oils, flour and dough improvement), plant and animal applications, and industrial applications.
Electrostatic effects in inertial impactors (1997)

A focusing impactor is used to study the influence of particle charge q on the capture efficiency versus Stokes number curve η(S). For highly charged particles, image attraction to the collector leads to considerable particle capture even at S = 0. This produces long subcritical tails in the η(S) curve (poor sizing resolution) and reduces the value S∗ of S at which ν = 12. A similar behavior, now due to Brownian motion, arises for singly charged ultrafine particles, with a negligible influence of the image force. Both types of tails are reduced or eliminated by a repulsive electric field E between the collector and the nozzle, though at the price of increasing S∗. For repelling fields E large enough for the subcritical tails to disappear, S∗ is a function only of the ratio ZE/U between the electrical and hydrodynamic velocities of the particles. The functional dependences S∗(ZE/U) is characterized experimentally for a nearly incompressible thin-plate orifice nozzle flow at Reynolds number Re = 68. Calibration aerosols include singly or doubly charged oil droplets with diameters between 16 and 155 nm. Also polystyrene latex spheres (PSL) 74 nm in diameter generated from a water suspension by electrospray, whose charge q was narrowly controlled in the range 540 > qe > 390 with a differential mobility analyzer. The analysis of the rate of deposition in the stagnation point region in the limit S = 0 predicts the repulsive fields required to offset the tails, in fair agreement with those observed both for singly and doubly charged as well as highly charged particles. The conclusion is reached that impactors whose detector is an electrometer can attain rather high resolutions in all the range of sizes and charges explored.
Building a User Friendly Service Dashboard: Automatic and Non-intrusive Chaining between Widgets (2009)

End-users self service and end-users as co-developers are two main characteristics of Web 2.0 paradigm. They will harness the great potential of the Internet of services. However, today's service exposure tools and service composition tools are too complex to be used by ordinary end-users. They are based on technologies such as REST, WSDL, and SOAP which are hardly understandable by the end-user. In this paper, we propose a widget based service exposure and service creation tool. Our framework creates links between loaded widgets automatically; additional functionalities are thus added automatically to existing widgets as long as the end-user loads other widgets to his personal environment; in the same way as he launches an application on his Windows environment. This mechanism is definitely more intuitive than SOA technologies as it is based on the user interface.
High power PERFECTGEN for three wire DC microgrid application (2015)

Paper presents topology of the three wire DC microgrid equipped in adjustable speed generation system with high power boost rectifier that has ability to draw sinusoidal current from the permanent magnet generator and also has a connection to the AC system. The variable speed generator produces variable frequency and amplitude so a controllable rectifier that stabilizes DC output voltage is required. The topology of the high power boost rectifier system is a modification of Warsaw and Vienna rectifier. The paper also presents theory of the three phase high power boost rectifier, supported by differential equations, equivalent diagrams and simulation examples for two values of load rated power - 400 kW and overload power 480 kW.
Oxygen or nitrogen chelates stabilizing barium and yttrium .beta.-diketonates (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen or nitrogen chelates stabilizing barium and yttrium .beta.-diketonatesSimon R. Drake, Michael B. Hursthouse, K. M. Abdul Malik, Stewart A. S. Miller, and David J. OtwayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 20, 4464–4471Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00072a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views126Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (993 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Condensations Effected by Boron Fluoride Complexes. III. The Acylation of Certain Substituted Thiophenes and Furans<sup>1</sup> (1950)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCondensations Effected by Boron Fluoride Complexes. III. The Acylation of Certain Substituted Thiophenes and Furans1Martin W. Farrar and Robert LevineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 8, 3695–3698Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1950Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1950https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01164a103https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01164a103research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views359Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Amin Saikal, The Rise and Fall of the Shah (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980). Pp. xiv + 279. (1982)

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