gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The interaction of illimaquinone, a selective inhibitor of the RNase H activity, with the reverse transcriptases of human immunodeficiency and murine leukemia retroviruses (1993)

Illimaquinone, a natural marine product, was shown by us to inhibit preferentially the ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We have also shown that illimaquinone inhibits the RNase H activity of HIV-2 RT in addition to that of HIV-1 RT, murine leukemia virus RT, and Escherichia coli RNase H. Chemical modifications of HIV-1 RT by sulfhydryl-specific reagents, such as N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) have been demonstrated to specifically inhibit the RNase H activity of the enzyme. Since our previous studies have suggested that cysteine 280 in HIV-1 RT interacts with the sulfhydryl reagents, we have examined the possibility that illimaquinone interacts with the RT molecules via amino acid residues located in the vicinity of cysteine 280 in both HIV-1 and HIV-2 RTs. In the combined effect studies of illimaquinone and NEM, the two structurally unrelated compounds were shown to be mutually exclusive, exhibiting an antagonistic interaction with both HIV-1 and murine leukemia virus-associated RNase H activities. This implicates cysteine 280, in both HIV-1 and HIV-2 RTs, to be in close proximity to the putative binding site of the enzyme to illimaquinone. The above conclusion is further supported by the fact that the RNase H activity of an enzymatically active mutant of HIV-1 RT, in which cysteine 280 was replaced by serine, was substantially more resistant to illimaquinone than the corresponding activity of the wild-type enzyme. The fact that NEM failed to inhibit E. coli RNase H as opposed to illimaquinone highlights a major difference between the retroviral and bacterial RNase H.
Somatic embryogenesis in loblolly pine (<i>Pinus taeda</i> L.): improving cultureinitiation rates (2002)

Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is one of the most important commercial trees in the U.S. To be successful for commercial use, somatic embryogenesis technology must work with a variety of genetically diverse seeds. Initiation rates of loblolly pine were improved through a combination of modified 1/2 P6 salts, activated carbon at 50-100 mgL -1 , Cu and Zn added to compensate for adsorption by activated carbon, 1.5% maltose, 2% myo-inositol, (to raise osmotic level partially simulating the ovule environment), 500 mg L -1 case amino acids, 450 mg L -1 glutamine, 2 mg L -1 NAA, 0.45 mg L -1 BAP, 0.43 mg L -1 kinetin, and 1.6-2 g L -1 Gelrite. Across 10 open-pollinated families, initiation rates ranged from 3-33%, averaging 16%.
Synthesis, self-assembly, and solution-processed nanoribbon field-effect transistor of a fused-nine-ring thienoacene (2010)

A new thienoacene with a sulfur-rich fused-nine-ring core was synthesized; bulk quantities of nanoribbons with mobilities as high as 0.42 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) were obtained by a direct solution process under ambient conditions.
Viewing maintenance as reuse-oriented software development (1990)

The author presents a high-level organizational paradigm for development and maintenance in which an organization can learn from development and maintenance tasks and then apply that paradigm to several maintenance process models. Associated with the paradigm is a mechanism for setting measurable goals, making it possible to evaluate the process and the product and learn from experience. He discusses three maintenance models: the quick-fix, the iterative-enhancement, and the full-reuse model. He establishes a framework for classifying reusable objects and selecting a model. He offers a scheme that categorizes three aspects of reuse: the reusable object, the reusable object's context, and the process of transforming that object. The author then discusses what he terms reuse enablers: an improvement paradigm that helps organizations evaluate, learn, and enhance their software processes and products; a reuse-oriented evolution environment that encourages and supports reuse; and automated support for the paradigm and environment as well as for measurement and evaluation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cinephotomicrographic observations on intracellular bubble formation in <i>Tetrahymena</i> (1982)

Abstract A miniature cuvette pressure chamber for microscopy and highspeed (400 frames per second) cinephotographic recordings was developed to study intracellular bubble formation in Tetrahymena . The investigations show, for the first time, that intracellular bubble formation can occur, but only when the nitrogen gas supersaturations are higher than 150 atm. However, substantial fractions of the cell populations remain unaffected by exposures to gas supersaturations as high as 200 atm.
Adaptive real-time group multicast (2002)

This paper shows how to provide an adaptive real-time group multicast (many-to-many) communication service. Such a service can be used by applications, like audio/video tele-conferencing, that require low loss, and bounded delay and jitter. In order to meet deterministic quality of service (QoS) requirements of a real-time group multicast, some communication resources are reserved. In this work we show (i) how bandwidth is reserved for each group, and (ii) how an active user in a multicast group can dynamically share, in an efficient and fair manner, the bandwidth allocated to its group. Quality of service support for a real-time multicast group is based on time driven priority. In this scheme the time is divided into time frames of fixed duration and all the time frames are aligned by using a global time reference which can be obtained from GPS (global positioning system). Bandwidth is allocated to a multicast group as a whole, rather than individually to each user. The allocation is done by reserving time intervals within time frames in some periodic fashion. This sort of allocation raises two problems that are studied in this paper: (1) scheduling: how time intervals are reserved to each multicast group, and (2) adaptive sharing: how the participants dynamically share the time intervals that have been reserved for their multicast group. The proposed approach is based on embedding multiple virtual rings, one for each multicast group. By using the virtual rings it is simple to route messages to all the participants, while minimizing the bound on the buffer sizes and queuing delays.
Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction on thin films and its application to superconducting samples (2003)

Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction is applied to investigate double-layer PBCO/YBCO thin films deposited by laser ablation. The merits of this technique for the structural study of films are discussed. It is shown that the rocking curves of the Bragg reflections of a film along the c direction can be simultaneously collected, allowing the accurate evaluation of its angular spread. A systematic displacement of the rocking curves of the film with respect to those of the substrate was found, revealing a slight divergence of the growth direction from the normal to the substrate surface.
The Federal Bribery Statute: An Argument for Cautious Revision (1980)

the prosecution of offenses violating the public trust. 2A strong and broad bribery statute is necessary as both "an imto be a public official; or (g) Whoever, being a public official, former public official, or person selected to be a public official, otherwise than as provided by law for the proper discharge of official duty, directly or indirectly asks, demands, exacts, solicits, seeks, accepts, receives, or agrees to receive anything of value for himself for or because of any official act performed or to be performed by him .... shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than two years, or both.Although this comment is limited to a consideration of the federal bribery statute it should be noted that the states also have statutes proscribing certain payments to public officials.
Interaction of SP100 with HP1 proteins: A link between the promyelocytic leukemia-associated nuclear bodies and the chromatin compartment (1998)

The PML/SP100 nuclear bodies (NBs) were first described as discrete subnuclear structures containing the SP100 protein. Subsequently, they were shown to contain the PML protein which is part of the oncogenic PML-RARalpha hybrid produced by the t(15;17) chromosomal translocation characteristic of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Yet, the physiological role of these nuclear bodies remains unknown. Here, we show that SP100 binds to members of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) families of non-histone chromosomal proteins. Further, we demonstrate that a naturally occurring splice variant of SP100, here called SP100-HMG, is a member of the high mobility group-1 (HMG-1) protein family and may thus possess DNA-binding potential. Both HP1 and SP100-HMG concentrate in the PML/SP100 NBs, and overexpression of SP100 leads to enhanced accumulation of endogenous HP1 in these structures. When bound to a promoter, SP100, SP100-HMG and HP1 behave as transcriptional repressors in transfected mammalian cells. These observations present molecular evidence for an association between the PML/SP100 NBs and the chromatin nuclear compartment. They support a model in which the NBs may play a role in certain aspects of chromatin dynamics.
Topiramate Reduces Energy and Fat Gains in Lean (<i>Fa/?</i>) and Obese (<i>fa/fa</i>) Zucker Rats (2000)

The present results provide sound evidence for the ability of TPM to reduce fat and energy gains through reducing energetic efficiency in both lean and obese Zucker rats.
Promoting effect of bile acids in colon carcinogenesis in germ-free and conventional F344 rats. (1977)

<p>Stacking voltage domains on top of each other is a design approach that is getting the attention of engineering communities due to the implicit high efficiency of the power delivery. Previous works have shown voltage stacking at the core level only. In this paper we present a more involved approach required to deploy voltage stacking not at the core level but at the IP level of a complex microcontroller. Our demonstrator chip features an ARM Cortex M0+ platform with an on-chip switched-capacitor voltage regulator. We chose to place the standard logic in one voltage domain between ground and V<sub>DD</sub>, and the memory "on top of it" between V<sub>DD</sub> and 2V<sub>DD</sub>, creating in this way a voltage stacked system. We further present silicon measurements that include a measured peak power efficiency in "stacked mode" of 96%.</p>
Influence of genotype and environment on oil and protein concentrations of canola (<i>Brassica</i> <i>napus</i> L.) grown across southern Australia (2003)

Improvement of oil and protein concentrations is a primary breeding objective for canola ( Brassica napus L.) grown in the low rainfall areas across southern Australia. This study investigates the relative influences of genotype and environment on the relationship between seed oil concentration and protein concentration of meal, and between seed components. The study also estimates the magnitude of genetic and genotype × environment variances in oil and protein concentrations in a set of interstate field evaluation experiments of genotypes with early and mid-season maturity conducted across southern Australia in 1996 and 1997. The oil concentration of seed ranged from 36 to 46% across maturity groups, locations, and years. The range of protein concentration of meal was 30–46%. Environment had a much larger impact than genotype on oil concentration of seed and protein concentration of meal. Several genotypes in this study had higher concentrations of oil in the seed and protein in the meal than the commercial cultivars used as controls. Significant ( P &lt; 0.05) genetic variance (sg2) and significant genotype × year × location interaction (sgyl2)was present in these 2 quality traits. However, the variance components for the interaction of genotype with location (sgl2)and with year (sgy2)were not significant ( P &gt; 0.05), indicating that ranking of genotypes remained constant across locations averaged over many years and across years averaged over many locations, respectively. A significant negative correlation ( r &nbsp;=&nbsp; – 0.73) between seed oil concentration and protein concentration of meal was observed across locations in 1997. Among the genotypes tested, there was no genetic correlation between these 2 traits, suggesting that seed oil concentration and protein concentration of meal can be increased simultaneously by selection. Increase in oil concentration of seed and protein concentration of meal was at the expense of seed residue.
Structural organization and chromosomal localization of the human hepatocyte growth factor activator gene (1998)

The organization and structure of the gene coding for hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) have been determined by isolation of unique clones from a human genomic library. These clones were characterized by restriction mapping, Southern blotting and DNA sequencing. The complete sequence of the gene was determined and found to span about 7.5 kilobases of DNA and consist of 14 exons separated by 13 introns. The coding region of HGFA consists of multiple putative domains that are homologous to those observed in blood coagulation factor XII (FXII). These regions were found as separate exons in the gene, and the exon/intron arrangement was similar to that of FXII, suggesting that the genes for HGFA and FXII have arisen through gene duplication events from a common ancestral gene. The major transcription initiation site is located 75 bp upstream of the translational start codon. The gene was mapped to chromosome 4p16, using spot-blot hybridization on sorted chromosomes and fluorescence in situ hybridization on metaphase chromosome spreads. The phylogenetic and functional relationships between HGFA and FXII as well as urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator are discussed.
Task dependence nets for concurrent systems with Ada 95 and its applications (1997)

Article Free Access Share on Task dependence nets for concurrent systems with Ada 95 and its applications Author: Jingde Cheng Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-81, Japan Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-81, JapanView Profile Authors Info & Claims TRI-Ada '97: Proceedings of the conference on TRI-Ada '97November 1997 Pages 67–78https://doi.org/10.1145/269629.269637Published:01 November 1997Publication History 11citation436DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads436Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Review: <i>Water in the Physiology of Plants</i>, by A. S. Crafts, H. B. Currier, and C. R. Stocking (1952)

Book Review| January 01 1952 Review Water in the Physiology of PlantsA. S. CraftsH. B. CurrierC. R. Stocking H. Charles H. Charles Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1952) 14 (1): 19. https://doi.org/10.2307/4438327 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation H. Charles; Review. The American Biology Teacher 1 January 1952; 14 (1): 19. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4438327 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Base catalysed rearrangements involving ylide intermediates. Part 6. The rearrangements of diallyl- and allyipropynyl-ammonium cations in protic media (1980)

The base catalysed rearrangements of the cations, (1d–j) in aqueous solution yield the isomeric cations (15) or the aldehydes (10) and (11), or mixtures of (15), (10), and (11). This contrasts dramatically with the transformations observed for the cations (1) in aprotic solvents. The cations (15) undergo Hofmann elimination to the naphthalenic amines (12) or (13) and (14). The methiodide of amine (13g) shows a novel consequence, of restricted rotation. The n.m.r. spectrum of the methiodide shows that the two protons of the methylene group are diastereotopic.
Private sector manufacturing in Poland : a survey of firms (1992)

The central objective of this research was to document the characteristics and problems of private sector manufacturers in Poland so that they can be supported as effectively as possible. In doing so, this project also produces a historical record of the status of private sector manufacturers eighteen months into Poland's reform program. The research had three specific objectives. The first was to develop a profile of entrepreneurs and their firms. The second was to evaluate the impact of the Polish reform program on firm-level operations and to identify constraints to further growth. The third objective was to formulate recommendations for actions to strengthen the Polish private manufacturing sector. The heart of the research was a firm-level survey of 93 firms carried out in Poland in May 1991 by teams of researchers. Firms were randomly drawn from the population of registered, majority privately- and domestically-owned manufacturers with seven or more employees. Excluded were the large self-employed sector, firms engaged in trade or services, and joint ventures. In-depth interviews lasting 3 to 4 hours were held with each entrepreneur.
Lap2&alpha; Expression is Controlled by E2F and Deregulated in Various Human Tumors (2006)

Deregulation of the retinoblastoma (pRB) tumor suppressor pathway is frequently observed in human cancer and associated with aberrant activity of E2F transcription factors. We have performed microarray based analysis with the aim of identifying potential downstream mediators of the tumor suppressing activity of pRB. Here we report that the expression of LAP2 (lamina-associated polypeptide 2) is under direct control of E2F transcription factors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays show that the LAP2 promoter is bound by endogenous E2F in vivo. The LAP2 promoter is transactivated by ectopically expressed E2F and mutation of E2F binding sites eliminates this effect. We studied the expression level of LAP2alpha in human tumors by tissue microarray analysis and found LAP2alpha over expression in a significant percentage of primary larynx, lung, stomach, breast, and colon cancer tissues. In agreement with its regulation by E2F, LAP2alpha over expression in primary tumors was found to be correlated with tumor proliferation rate.
Enterprise diversification in US dairy: impact of risk preferences on scale and scope economies (2010)

Enterprise diversification has recently become a prominent feature of US dairy farms. Scope economies and risk aversion are two forces that simultaneously determine diversification. We jointly estimate scope economies and determine risk preferences under price uncertainty. We reject risk neutrality in favour of Increasing Absolute Risk Aversion (IARA) and Increasing Relative Risk Aversion (IRRA). Scope economies are significant, but diminish with farm size. Increasing returns to scale exist in the production of multiple enterprises and diminish with size. Large farms operate under decreasing returns to scale. Ignoring risk preferences, a common practice in empirical work, results in an underestimate of the effect of scope economies for large farms.
Memory T Cell Populations in the Lung Airways Are Maintained by Continual Recruitment (2006)

Effector memory T cell populations in the periphery play a key role in cellular immune responses to secondary infections. However, it is unclear how these populations are maintained under steady-state conditions in nonlymphoid peripheral sites, such as the lung airways. In this study, we show that LFA-1 expression is selectively down-regulated following entry of memory T cells into the lung airways. Using Sendai virus as a mouse model of respiratory virus infection, we use LFA-1 expression levels to demonstrate that effector memory T cell populations in the lung airways are maintained by continual recruitment of new cells from the circulation. The rate of memory cell recruitment is surprisingly rapid, resulting in replacement of 90% of the population every 10 days, and is maintained for well over 1 year following viral clearance. These data indicate that peripheral T cell memory is dynamic and depends on a systemic source of T cells.
Ontogeny of cationic amino acid transport systems in rat placenta (1994)

Gestational regulation of the placental transfer of amino acids from maternal to fetal circulations is essential for the proper development of the fetus. The cationic amino acid transport systems of the microvillous (maternal facing) and basal (fetal facing) membranes of the rat placental syncytiotrophoblast were examined. Inhibition analysis documented the presence of three kinetically distinct cationic amino acid transport mechanisms: a single Na(+)-dependent mechanism in the microvillous membrane, which increased in activity from 14 to 20 days gestation but was absent from the basal membrane throughout the entire gestational period (system Bo,+), and two Na(+)-independent transport systems in both membrane domains, one that is completely inhibited by leucine, which increased in activity in both the microvillous and basal membrane domains, and the other that is leucine insensitive, which remained fairly constant in the basal membrane and increased throughout gestation in the microvillous membrane (system y1+). Northern analysis with the system y1+ cDNA revealed a specific band of approximately 7.4-7.9 kb, which increased with increasing gestational age.
Study on Processing Technology of Waste Tire Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt (2011)

The rapid development of automotive brought a lot of accumulation of waste tires. Waste tire crumb rubber mixed with asphalt not only eliminates its impact to the environment, but also improves the performance of asphalt. Crumb rubber modified asphalt was made by the high-speed shearing device using waste tire crumb rubber mixed with Karamay-90 asphalt. The influence of mixed time, stirring time, processing temperature and the fineness of crumb rubber to the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt was studied.The best processing technology of crumb rubber modified asphalt was obtained.
Thymidine kinase activation of ganciclovir in recurrent malignant gliomas: a gene-marking and neuropathological study (2000)

Except for the risk of infection inherent in reoperation, this tk-GCV paradigm was both feasible and safe. Pathological studies indicated that limited dissemination of VPCs and vector from the infusion site and failure to transduce tumor cells with the tk gene are major barriers to efficacy.