gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Organic and Inorganic Acids on Poliovirus at 50 C (1962)

SummaryType 1 attenuated poliovirus (LSc) was stabilized at 50°C at pH 4.0 to 5.0 in acetic, oxalic and lactic acids. The type 1 virulent strain (Mahoney) was inactivated to a greater degree in all concentrations of these acids at 50°C than in distilled water. Citric, tartaric, benzoic and salicylic acids at pH 4.0 stabilized the attenuated strain to a high degree but the virulent strain only slightly. Inorganic acids (HCl, HNO3, H3PO4 and H2SO4) stabilized the attenuated strain from pH 3.0 to 5.5, but had no effect on the virulent strain. Thus another in vitro character, the acid marker, is available for distinguishing between attenuated and virulent polioviruses.
El sistema procesal penal italiano (2003)

En Italia, con el nuevo Código de Procedimiento Penal (de 1988) se eliminó la figura del Juez Instructor. Ahora, con la introducción de los principios del "proceso justo" (debido proceso) en la Constitución italiana (artículo 111), el órgano titular de la acción penal que da inicio al procedimiento es el Ministerio Público. El juez fija la audiencia preliminar. Como factores que retrasan y prolongan los procesos, se enumeran el enorme número de éstos, el exceso de garantías defensivas y el exceso de impugnaciones.\n\n \n\nPero, en cuanto a las excepciones al proceso, acusatorio, en las mismas Actas internacionales se reconocen los principios del "proceso justo" (o "proceso ecuánime): derecho de defensa; derecho a la contradicción, imparcialidad e independencia del juez; duración razonable del proceso.
Determinants of Long-Term Survival After Major Surgery and the Adverse Effect of Postoperative Complications (2005)

The occurrence of a 30-day postoperative complication is more important than preoperative patient risk and intraoperative factors in determining the survival after major surgery in the VA. Quality and process improvement in surgery should be directed toward the prevention of postoperative complications.
Commercial multihop networks (2010)

Wireless multihop networking has been typically considered for industrial, military, or sensing applications [1][2]. Nevertheless, it has not been explicitly considered thus far for large-scale commercial access networks. This is mainly due to the fact that existing multihop networking technologies do not readily scale up in terms of number of terminals. Instead, an alternative packet relaying scheme is proposed here; one which is characterized by being distributed, connectionless. In this paper, we build on this scheme to establish a framework for the deployment of multihop networks on commercial basis. Practical considerations related to the implementation of commercial multihop networks are presented in this paper. Moreover, the paper highlights some of the economic values as well as business motivations for service providers to adopt the commercial multihop access network model.
II. The Receipt of the Exchequer, 1413–32 (1938)

The object of this article is to carry one stage further an analysis which was begun elsewhere of the late medieval receipt rolls of the English exchequer. The technique of this analysis is essentially comparative; thus the first time it was used the two halves of Richard II's reign were compared with each other and with the whole of Henry IV's, while on the present occasion Henry V's reign of nine and a half years, producing nineteen complete rolls, will be compared with the first ten years and nineteen rolls of Henry VI. That is to say, two approximately equal periods are being studied instead of three, but in order to preserve continuity some reference will also be made to Henry IV's reign of thirteen and a half years with its twenty-one complete and four fragmentary rolls. It has been thought that the rough approximation to equality of evidence over these three periods will still justify, as in the former article, the frequent use of absolute totals instead of averages, but it will have to be borne in mind that 1413–22 and 1422–32 are both slightly under-estimated in relation to 1399–1413 wherever absolute totals and not averages are used.
Evaluation of platinum as a structural thin film material for RF-MEMS devices (2009)

Surface micromachined metal armatures are commonly used for MEMS applications of which RF-MEMS is the most well known. In most cases metals with a high conductivity, such as aluminum or gold, are used. These metals often have a low melting point and therefore have a low thermal stability and show plastic deformation of the structures at relatively low temperatures (<200 °C). High melting point metals, such as platinum, are expected to show plastic deformation only at higher temperatures which makes them interesting for use as a structural layer in RF-MEMS devices. In this paper, we present a technology to realize suspended platinum structures by means of surface micromachining. An improved lift-off process allows patterning 1 νm Pt films on a polyimide sacrificial layer. A comparison of the characteristics and armature resonance frequencies between RF-MEMS switches with Pt armatures and AlCu0.5% alloy armatures reveals an increased thermal stability for the former up to at least 250 °C. This enables zero-level packaging of switches at relative high temperatures without affecting their performances. The lower conductivity of Pt compared to AlCu0.5% does not lead to a significant increase in RF losses. Implementing AlN as a dielectric material, the Pt-based capacitive shunt switches reported in this paper showed lifetimes in excess of 5×10 7 cycles under standard testing conditions. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.
P2‐021: METFORMIN AND TOPIRAMATE IMPROVE LEARNING AND MEMORY IN DIABETIC MICE AND SAMP8 MICE MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (2014)

Metformin is used for the treatment of insulin resistant diabetes and topiramate is an anticonvulsant often used to treat epilepsy. Diabetics are at an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and insulin resistance has been found in AD. Recent studies have found that both metformin and topiramate reduce AD-like pathology in mouse models of AD. In addition, topiramate decreased oxidative stress in diabetic mice. In the current set of studies, we used 8 week old CD-1 and 11 month old SAMP8 mice. In the first study, half of the CD-1 mice were given streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Both the diabetic and nondiabetic mice were given daily injections of topiramate or vehicle. After 3 months mice were tested in T-maze foot shock avoidance, and object recognition. In the second study, SAMP8 mice were given daily injections of topiramate. After 4 weeks mice were tested in T-maze foot shock avoidance, object recognition and Barnes maze. In the final study, SAMP8 mice 11 months of age were injected with metformin or vehicle daily, after 4 weeks, mice were tested in T-maze foot shock avoidance, object recognition and Barnes maze. At the end of all three studies brain tissue was collected for oxidative stress analysis. Topiramate improved T-maze acquisition at 0.1 and 0.01 mg/kg. It had no effect on memory in object recognition. Topiramate decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), 4-hydroxynoneal (HNE) and 3-nito-tyrosine (3-NT) in brain tissue indicating a reduction in oxidative stress in the brain. Topirmate at 0.1mg/kg in the SAMP8 mice improved T-maze foot shock avoidance acquisition (0.1 mg/kg) and retention (1.0 mg/kg) and retention on the 5 day probe test in the Barnes maze (0.1 mg/kg). Metformin improved both acquisition and retention in T-maze foot shock avoidance, retention in object recognition and acquisition in the Barnes maze. Topiramate improved learning and memory both diabetic and the SAMP8 model of AD. Metformin improved learning and memory in the mouse model of AD. The current results suggest that topiramate may have therapeutic potential for diabetes and AD and metformin may have therapeutic potential in AD.
Improving Video Coding at Scene Cuts using Attention based Adaptive Bit Allocation (2007)

Existing video coding methods can cause visual quality and buffer occupancy to fluctuate significantly at scene cuts. To address this problem, we have developed a novel visual attention based adaptive bit allocation method. We first perform scene cut detection to extract frames in the vicinities of dramatic scene changes; we then perform visual saliency analysis on those frames to grade the macro-blocks according to their visual importance; and finally we devise a visual attention based adaptive bit allocation scheme which assigns more bits to visually salient blocks and fewer bits to visually less important blocks. We will present experimental results which demonstrate that at scene cut areas, coding quality in terms of PSNR of our method are both higher and much smoother than those of existing coding methods and the buffer occupancy of our method is also much more consistent and has less fluctuation. Our method is compatible with other rate control schemes and can be easily implemented to improve existing video coding standards such as MPEG-2, H.264/AVC, and others.
Comparison of Antinuclear Autoantibodies Expression Between COPD and Lung Cancer Patients (2021)

Objectives: Circulating antinuclear autoantibodies (ANAs) have been detected in lung cancer patients and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients as well. The specific differences and significance of ANAs in COPD patients and lung cancer patients remain unclear.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF ESTERS OF ARYLSULFONYLACETIC ACIDS (1984)

Abstract Durch Kondensation der entsprechenden Natriumarensulfonate mit Chloressigsäuremethylester werden die Titelverbindungen (I) erhalten.
The effects of acetylsalicylic acid on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of cyclooxygenase‐2 negative colon cancer cells (2002)

Our findings reveal that ASA inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis in the human colon cancer cell line SW480. Down-regulation of Bcl2 expression might represent a potential mechanism by which ASA induces apoptosis in this COX-2 negative colon cancer cell line. Our results also suggest that ASA decreases the invasive potential of these colon cancer cells. Decreased CEA content and CD44v6 expression and elevated nm23 expression may contribute to the effect of ASA on invasive potential of SW480 colon cancer cells.
Adoption of the IPsec-VPN for the ubiquitous network (2006)

In the ubiquitous network, it is important to provide not only the continuous connectivity but also the strong security. The IPsec-VPN technology archives some kind of the ubiquitous network with providing one virtual IP address and the encrypted communication channel. However, if the user's terminal moves between networks, its IP address will be changed by roaming process, and the IPsec-VPN connection must be disconnected until IPsec-SA is shared with new IP address. In this paper, we propose the new method to solve this problem.
Growth of pea roots exposed to pulsed ultrasound (1975)

Studies of the growth of pea roots after exposure to pulsed ultrasound (2.3 MHz, 10 W/cm2 peak intensity) support the postulate that a cavitation-like mechanism may be responsible in part for a decrease in the growth rate. There is a significant, although reduced, effect on growth at pulse lengths as short as 3 μsec; this observation suggests that two nonthermal mechanisms may be involved. Subject Classification: 80.40;+35.75.
Standardized Preparation of Single-Cell Suspensions from Mouse Lung Tissue using the gentleMACS Dissociator (2009)

The preparation of single-cell suspensions from tissues is an important prerequisite for many experiments in cellular research. The process of dissociating whole organs requires specific parameters in order to obtain a high number of viable cells in a reproducible manner. The gentleMACS Dissociator optimizes this task with a simple, practical protocol. The instrument contains pre-programmed settings that are optimized for the efficient but gentle dissociation of a variety of tissue types, including mouse lungs. In this publication the use of the gentleMACS Dissociator on lung tissue derived from mice is demonstrated.
Coordinates Of Banking Services Quality Management (2011)

In the field of services, quality is, in general, defined by the client and the management ensures the overfulfilment of the clients demands and expectations. The quality of services implies two essential aspects that a manager has to take into account: the clients satisfaction and the absence of the errors made by employees. Introducing a system of quality management has the goal of satisfying the clients and surpassing their expectations. Such a system has to be dynamic, which makes it adaptable to the clients needs, demands and expectations. Principles of quality management in banking institutions have to be : customer orientation, leadership, personnel involvement, procedural approach, system approach to management, continuous improvement, factual approach to decision, mutually beneficial supplier relationships.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Activity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Role of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Expression by the Microenvironment (2015)

Differentiation therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) has markedly improved outcome in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but has had little clinical impact in other AML sub-types. Cell intrinsic mechanisms of resistance have been previously reported, yet the majority of AML blasts are sensitive to atRA in vitro. Even in APL, single agent atRA induces remission without cure. The microenvironment expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP)26, a retinoid-metabolizing enzyme was shown to determine normal hematopoietic stem cell fate. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is responsible for difference between in vitro sensitivity and in vivo resistance of AML to atRA-induced differentiation. We observed that the pro-differentiation effects of atRA on APL and non-APL AML cells as well as on leukemia stem cells from clinical specimens were blocked by BM stroma. In addition, BM stroma produced a precipitous drop in atRA levels. Inhibition of CYP26 rescued atRA levels and AML cell sensitivity in the presence of stroma. Our data suggest that stromal CYP26 activity creates retinoid low sanctuaries in the BM that protect AML cells from systemic atRA therapy. Inhibition of CYP26 provides new opportunities to expand the clinical activity of atRA in both APL and non-APL AML.
MANET Extension of OSPF using CDS Flooding (2007)

This document specifies an extension of OSPF for IPv6 to support
mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The extension, called OSPF-MDR, is
designed as a new OSPF interface type for MANETs. OSPF-MDR is based on
the selection of a subset of MANET routers, consisting of MANET
Designated Routers (MDRs) and Backup MDRs. The MDRs form a connected
dominating set (CDS), and the MDRs and Backup MDRs together form a
biconnected CDS for robustness. This CDS is exploited in two ways.
First, to reduce flooding overhead, an optimized flooding procedure is
used in which only (Backup) MDRs flood new LSAs back out the receiving
interface; reliable flooding is ensured by retransmitting LSAs along
adjacencies. Second, adjacencies are formed only between (Backup) MDRs
and a subset of their neighbors, allowing for much better scaling in
dense networks. The CDS is constructed using 2-hop neighbor
information provided in a Hello protocol extension. The Hello protocol
is further optimized by allowing differential Hellos that report only
changes in neighbor states. Options are specified for originating
router-LSAs that provide full or partial topology information,
allowing overhead to be reduced by advertising less topology
information.
Optimized Envelope Tracking Operation of Doherty Power Amplifier for High Efficiency Over an Extended Dynamic Range (2009)

This paper presents an optimized envelope tracking (ET) operation of a Doherty amplifier. Compared to the general ET/envelope elimination and restoration transmitter, it has an advantage of the extended dynamic range of 6 dB for the load modulation of a Doherty amplifier. Moreover, by modulating the supply voltage of the carrier amplifier, while that of the peaking amplifier is fixed, the supply modulator provides just half of the current for the same power amplifier output power. It results in a reduced chip size and the crest factor of the supply modulating signal is reduced by 6 dB, enhancing the efficiency of the supply modulator. The designed ET transmitter consisting of the Doherty amplifier and the supply modulator are fabricated in 2- mum HBT and 0.13-mum CMOS processes, respectively. It presents the efficiency improvement over the broad output power region. Especially at the 16-dB backed-off power level, more than 23% of power-added efficiency (PAE) is achieved. For WiBro application, it shows the PAE of 38.6% at an output power of 24.22 dBm with a gain of 24.62 dB. The error vector magnitude is 3.64%.
Polarization-modulated three-dimensional imaging using a large-aperture electro-optic modulator (2018)

To implement high-resolution and low-light sensitive three-dimensional (3D) imaging for long-range applications while simplifying data collection and reducing collection time, a polarization-modulated 3D imaging structure, using a large-aperture electro-optic modulator (EOM) and electron-multiplying CCD (EMCCD), is proposed in this paper. As the EMCCD camera itself has no ability of time resolution and high-speed gating due to the time integration mechanism, large-aperture EOMs are used to provide time resolution and high-speed shutter simultaneously for the EMCCD cameras to obtain the polarization-modulated images from which a 3D image can be reconstructed. A narrow field of view was designed to match the divergence of laser beam for long-range imaging, and therefore through the receiver, the incident angle on the EOM would still be limited to within a small angle, which would not degrade the modulation performance significantly during electro-optic modulation. Ultimately, we found that the polarization-modulated 3D imaging lidar showed very promising performance on time-resolved imaging in a field of view of 0.9 mrad.
Phantom‐based evaluation of geometric distortions in functional magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging (2007)

Phantom-based evaluation of geometric distortions in functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was investigated. An acrylic water-filled phantom with a grid structure was designed and manufactured to provide accurate geometric information over the volume measured in human brain imaging. The grid structures were well detected in data acquired using a 3-T MRI scanner with echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences commonly applied in functional MRI and DTI. A method for quantifying distortions in the phantom data was presented and applied for the images. The validity of the phantom for EPI was evaluated by quantitatively comparing the distortions present in and induced by the phantom and a human brain when imaged under identical conditions. The results suggest that the new phantom can reveal geometric distortions easily undermined by standard MRI phantoms. For example, prominent variability in the distortions was found as a function of the orientation of the diffusion-sensitizing gradient. Possible future applications for this type of phantom include quality assurance and calibration of the hardware and software used in EPI-based functional MRI and DTI.
In vivo photothermal optical coherence tomography of endogenous and exogenous contrast agents in the eye (2017)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a standard-of-care in retinal imaging. OCT allows non-invasive imaging of the tissue structure but lacks specificity to contrast agents that could be used for in vivo molecular imaging. Photothermal OCT (PT-OCT) is a functional OCT-based technique that has been developed to detect absorbers in a sample. We demonstrate in vivo PT-OCT in the eye for the first time on both endogenous (melanin) and exogenous (gold nanorods) absorbers. Pigmented mice and albino mice (n = 6 eyes) were used to isolate the photothermal signal from the melanin in the retina. Pigmented mice with laser-induced choroidal neovascularization lesions (n = 7 eyes) were also imaged after a systemic injection of gold nanorods to observe their passive accumulation in the retina. This experiment demonstrates the feasibility of PT-OCT to image the distribution of both endogenous and exogenous absorbers in the mouse retina.
Coordinator’s Column (2012)

No AccessPerspectives on Language Learning and EducationCoordinator’s Column1 Mar 2012Coordinator’s Column LaVae M. Hoffman LaVae M. Hoffman Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/lle19.2.37 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "Coordinator’s Column." Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 19(2), p. 37 Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 19Issue 2March 2012Pages: 37-37 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Mar 1, 2012 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesasha-sigsCopyright & Permissions© 2012 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF DownloadLoading ...
Amphiphilic Dendrimeric Peptides as Model Non-Sequential Pharmacophores with Antimicrobial Properties (2007)

A concept of application of dendrimer chemistry for construction of 'non-sequential pharmacophore', mimicking active conformation of linear antimicrobial peptides, is introduced. It resulted in the synthesis of a family of low- molecular-weight basic peptide dendrimers with antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Candida albicans.
An open-source hardware for electrical bioimpedance measurement (2012)

This paper describes open-source hardware to measure both the magnitude and phase of the electrical bioimpedance in a frequency range from few kilohertz up to 100 kHz by using a four-electrode technique. The amount of current injected and the sensitivity of the system can be set to the desired range by changing the front-end resistor values. The system can be easily built and adapted with the help of the design details made available at GitHub. The practical performance was evaluated in abdominal impedance measurement, which was the primary motivation to build the system. Other experiments were performed with a 2R-1C circuit, a 10-Ω resistor, and a 100-nF capacitor, with observed relative errors in the impedances of -0.73 ± 0.34 %, -2.47 ± 1.43 % and -8.81 ± 0.64 % (mean ± SD), respectively, from 10 kHz to 100 kHz.