gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of anti-corrosion properties of DLC coatings for medical devices (2012)

Biomaterials are now widely being used as coatings over different medical implants and devices to prevent the implants and medical devices from the environment they interact with; to be precise the coatings prohibit any unwanted biocompatibility issue. A research was carried out on stainless steel disks that commonly become the very foundation of the medical implants such as artificial hip bones or other plates that are used invasively for fixation of fracture. For the purpose of coating Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coating was used because they can be coated on wide range of materials that include: metals, ceramics, glasses and plastics. The DLC coatings exhibit low friction, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and biocompatible properties. The DLC coatings when combined with different elements can be tempered as per required. Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coatings with various Silicon and Fluorine content were deposited on 10mm 316L Stainless Steel disks. The samples were investigated for their surface energies and their corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance behavior was tested in 4 different testing solutions, which were the Phosphate Buffer Saline, 3.5% NaCl and two different concentrations of HCl. To test the surface energies, contact angle measurement was adopted and the result showed significant decrease in the total surface energy for the Fluorinated coatings. While potentio-dynamic polarization test method were performed for testing the corrosion resistance properties of the samples. The corrosion rates revealed that 20.7% F-DLC coating had promising results which was showing the best corrosion resistance; also the 19.7% Si-doped DLC had the best corrosion resistance in its class.
Analysis of experimental results on microwave propagation in Singapore's tropical rainfall environment (1999)

The attenuation due to rainfall in tropical regions has generated more concern in recent years. In Singapore, a microwave propagation experiment of line-of-sight communication has been conducted, and some experimental results have been obtained. The specific rainfall attenuation and rain attenuation duration temporal cumulative distributions over a ten-month period for 15 and 38.6 GHz are analyzed in this paper. The frequency scaling relationship between distributions is also discussed in detail. The results obtained in Singapore's tropical environment are found to be quite different from the CCIR's predictions. The results of our experiment can be employed to guide the design and application of terrestrial microwave communication systems, especially in tropical regions. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 21: 470–473, 1999.
Free-radical chlorination reactions of iodobenzene dichloride (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFree-radical chlorination reactions of iodobenzene dichlorideDennis D Tanner and P. B. Van BostelenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 5, 1517–1521Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01280a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01280a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views700Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Natural History of Symptomatic Partial Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency (1986)

We reviewed the natural history and differential diagnosis of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (an X-linked inborn error of urea synthesis) in 13 symptomatic female heterozygotes. The patients presented as early as the first week of life or as late as the sixth year. The most common symptoms before diagnosis were nonspecific: episodic extreme irritability (100 percent), episodic vomiting and lethargy (100 percent), protein avoidance (92 percent), ataxia (77 percent), Stage II coma (46 percent), delayed physical growth (38 percent), developmental delay (38 percent), and seizures (23 percent). Including the proband, 42 percent of the female members of the 13 families studied had symptoms. The median interval between the onset of major symptoms (vomiting and lethargy, seizures, and coma) and diagnosis was 16 months (range, 1 to 142). Five patients had IQ scores below 70 at the time of diagnosis. We suggest that careful evaluation of the family history, the dietary history, the episodic nature of the nonspecific symptoms, the response of these symptoms to the withdrawal of protein, and their frequent onset at the time of weaning from breast milk will permit early diagnosis and might thereby reduce the risk of death or neurologic impairment in female patients with partial ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Impressions Of New York (1972)

On fifth avenue There was a man Buttering a small patch of grass With cement. I put my initials In the corner...
Influence of flicker frequency on flicker-induced changes of retinal vessel diameter. (2002)

The flicker-induced diameter response of the larger retinal arteries and veins can be continuously measured with a modified RVA system that spectrally separates the flicker stimulation from the fundus illumination light. Vasodilation of retinal arteries was observed in response to short wavelength flicker with frequencies between 2 and 64 Hz, indicating that the parvo- and magnocellular neural pathways are activated with this stimulation.
Revision of the nucleotide sequence at the last intron of the mitochondrial apocytochrome b gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1984)

The nucleotide sequence around a G + C-rich cluster in the last intron of the mitochondrial apocytochrome b gene (F.G. Nóbrega and A. Tzagoloff, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 255: 9828-9837, 1980) was revised when restriction digests failed to show a predicted Rsa I site at position +2769. The corrected sequence has four additional nucleotides, one Hae III and two Hpa II sites. Previously undetected typographical errors were also found in the A + T-rich sequence.
High Carrier Velocity and Reliability of Quarter-Micron SPI (Self-aligned Pocket Implantation) MOSFETs (1992)

DEVICE FABRICATION A novel SPI (Self-aligned Pocket Implantation) technology has been presented, which improves short channel characteristics without increasing junction capacitance(’! This technology features a localized pocket implantation using gate electrode and TiSiz film as selfaligned masks. An epi substrate is used to decease the surface impurity concentration in the well, while maintaining high latch-up immunity. Since the SPI and the gate to drain overlapped structure such as LATID (Large Angle Tilt Implanted Drain) technology(2) allow use of the low impurity concentration in the channel region, the carrier velocity reaches to 8x106 cm/sec. It is found that the SPI has no significant effect on hot camer degradation for LATID structure. This technology yields an unloaded CMOS inverter delay per stage of 30psec and low power dissipation.
Stateless IPv4 Network Address Translation (2012)

This memo describes a protocol for decentralizing IPv4 NAT to the
customer-premises equipment (CPE) such that no state information is
kept on the central NAT device. The CPE uses a restricted source port
set that is encoded in its provisioned IPv4 WAN address. The NAT
device performs only strictly stateless address (not port)
translation.
Analytical studies of the generalized likelikhood ratio technique for failure detection (1976)

Thesis. 1976. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
84 Immuno-Safety of Recombinant Human C1 Inhibitor in Patients With Hereditary Angioedema (2012)

BACKGROUND: Recombinant C1 inhibitor (rhC1INH) is a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of acute angioedema attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE). The amino acid sequence of rhC1INH is identical to that of endogenous C1INH. However, any recombinant protein may elicit antibodies against the protein and/or host related impurities (HRI). Clinical consequences of these antibodies can theoretically range from no clinical symptoms to allergic reactions and reduced C1INH activity due to neutralizing antibodies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the immuno-safety of rhC1INH in symptomatic patients with HAE. METHODS: Plasma samples were collected pre-treatment and 22 and 90 days post-treatment of an acute angioedema attack. Plasma samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against plasma-derived C1INH and rhC1INH using 6 different, validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), to detect IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies against plasma-derived C1INH or rhC1INH. Antibodies against HRI in plasma samples were measured in an ELISA testing for all antibody classes. Plasma samples from normal healthy controls and HAE patients, never exposed to rhC1INH, were used to estimate cut off levels of the assays. Plasma samples with antibody levels above the cut-off level in the screening assays were tested in confirmatory displacement assay in case of anti-HRI antibodies and in an assay for neutralizing antibodies in case of antibodies against C1INH. RESULTS: Data from 155 symptomatic HAE patients having received a total of 424 administrations of rhC1INH were analyzed. The frequency of anti-C1INH antibody levels above the assay cut-off was low and similar in pre- and post-exposure samples (1.7 and 1.8%, respectively). Results above the assay cut-off were sporadic and transient. Occurrence of anti-C1INH antibodies did not correlate with repeated treatment or time since last treatment. No neutralizing antibodies were detected. A total of 5/155 (3%) rhC1INH-treated patients had confirmed anti-HRI antibodies; these included 1 patient with presence of anti-HRI antibodies prior to exposure to rhC1INH. The presence of anti-C1INH and anti-HRI antibodies was not associated with clinical symptoms. The presence of anti-C1INH antibodies did not affect clinical efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: rhC1INH used for the treatment of acute HAE attacks has a low potential to induce antibodies and has a reassuring immuno-safety profile.
Performance comparison of hybrid vehicle energy management controllers on real-world drive cycle data (2009)

Hybrid vehicle fuel economy and drivability performance are very sensitive to the ldquoenergy managementrdquo controller that regulates power flow among the various energy sources and sinks. Many methods have been proposed for designing such controllers. Most analytical studies evaluate closed-loop performance on government test cycles. Moreover, there are few results that compare stochastic optimal control algorithms to the controllers employed in today's production hybrids. This paper studies controllers designed using shortest path stochastic dynamic programming (SPSDP). The controllers are evaluated on Ford Motor Company's highly accurate proprietary vehicle model over large numbers of real-world drive cycles, and compared to a controller developed by Ford for a prototype vehicle. Results show the SPSDP-based controllers yield 2-3% better performance than the Ford controller on real-world driving data, with even more improvement on a government test cycle. In addition, the SPSDP-based controllers can directly quantify tradeoffs between fuel economy and drivability.
Electrical Properties of Evaporated Molybdenum Oxide Films (1970)

Thin film capacitors of MoO3 are found to be extremely temperature and frequency dependent. Changes in capacitance are reported as high as 60:1 over a temperature range of 100°C (at constant frequency) and over a two-decade frequency range (at constant temperature). At lower temperatures and higher frequencies the capacitance corresponds to the geometric capacitance, but at higher temperatures and lower frequencies the capacitance is independent of the film thickness. Conductance and quality factor of the films are also observed to be extremely frequency and temperature sensitive. The results are explained in terms of Schottky barriers existing at the metal-insulator interfaces, which arise due to the autodoping of the insulator, occurring during deposition of the films, by excess molybdenum. Excellent agreement is found to exist between the experimental data and the theory developed in the previous paper, and this correlation permits determination of the doping density (≃1018 cm−3), the donor depth (≃0.27 eV), and the width of the Schottky barriers (≃160 Å), among other properties of the films.
SEVERE DISSEMINATED ADENOVIRUS INFECTION SUCCESSFULLY TREATED WITH A THYMIC HUMORAL FACTOR, THF (1977)

Adenovirus and other usually benign viral infections may occasionally be associated with severe fulminant disease, often accompanied by acute acquired cellular immunodeficiency. Thymic humoral factor derived from calf thymuses has been demonstrated to have the capacity to restore the immunocompetence of immature, incompetent T cells. This factor was used in the treatment of a 3 1/2-year-old boy who was critically ill with an adenovirus infection and presented evidence of immunocellular deficiency. Within less than 48 hours after the institution of treatment with thymic humoral factor there was a dramatic, progressive clinical improvement, with restoration of the cellular immunocompetence. It is suggested that thymic humoral factor may be beneficial in the treatment of severe viral infections associated with depressed cellular immunocompetence.
The Vice Presidential Home State Advantage Reconsidered: Analyzing the Interactive Effect of Home State Population and Political Experience, 1884‐2008 (2011)

Previous research has found that presidential tickets perform particularly well in a vice presidential candidate's home state when that state is relatively low in population. In this article, we argue that selecting a vice presidential candidate from a small state is not sufficient to produce a large vice presidential home state advantage; rather, state population should matter only insofar as the vice presidential candidate has extensive experience within that state's political system. Analysis of presidential election returns from 1884 through 2008 demonstrates the statistically significant interactive effect of home state population and political experience on the size of the vice presidential home state advantage. The models presented in the article perform much better than models that do not account for this interactive effect.
Activity of Eight Fluoroquinolones against Both Methicillin‐Susceptible and ‐Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated from Skin Infections (1995)

The in vitro susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to eight fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin, and nadifloxacin was established by agar dilution tests, 71 isolates of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and 74 isolates of -resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from skin infections. Among all of the fluoroquinolones, nadifloxacin exhibited the lowest MIC for both MSSA and MRSA. In addition, there were no resistant S. aureus, neither MSSA and MRSA, to nadifloxacin. With the exception of nadifloxacin, the incidence of MRSA resistant to fluoroquinolones has gradually increased in recent years. Over half of the MRSA strains were resistant to norfloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, and lomefloxacin.
Surface protein expression and messenger RNA-splicing analysis of CD44 in uterine cervical cancer and normal cervical epithelium. (1994)

Variant CD44 has recently been shown to serve as a metastasis marker in human breast cancer. Certain variant epitopes on primary tumors predict poor survival probabilities for the patients. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis of 16 uterine cervical carcinomas showed strong expression of several CD44 variant epitopes in all samples. In normal cervical epithelia from 5 patients, expression of these epitopes was restricted to particular cell layers, with expression being strong in basal and spinal cells but absent in superficial cells. Fifteen of 16 cancer samples were stained strongly with an antibody which recognizes one particular CD44 epitope that is encoded by both variant exons v7 and v8. This epitope was not detectable in normal cervical epithelium. CD44-mRNA splicing analysis showed qualitative and quantitative differences between malignant and normal tissues with a much more complex splice pattern and high expression of a large CD44 isoform containing variant exons v3 to v10 (including the v7/v8 transition epitope) in about one-half of the cancer samples. Interestingly, patients with lymph node metastases were in this group only. These differences in CD44 epitope expression and mRNA splicing in cervical carcinoma reveal dynamic changes in CD44 expression during carcinogenesis. Such changes could provide metastatic cells with a selective advantage during the carcinogenic process. Furthermore, the v7/v8 epitope may be suitable for screening early stages of cervical cancer.
Pharmacokinetic Profile of A New Diclofenac Prodrug without Gastroulcerogenic Effect (2013)

Gastrotoxicity is a major problem for long-term therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). DICCIC (1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)indolin-2-one) is a new diclofenac prodrug, which has proven anti-inflammatory activity without gastroulcerogenic effect. The aim of this work was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of diclofenac from DICCIC (7.6 mg/kg equivalent to 8.1 mg/kg diclofenac) and diclofenac (8.1 mg/kg) administration in Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g (n=20). The doses were calculated by interspecific allometric scaling based on the 2 mg/kg from diary human dose of diclofenac. Blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes via the femoral artery through the implanted catheter. The plasma was separated and quantitation was made in a HPLC system with a UV-Vis detector. The confidence limits of the bioanalytical method were appropriate for its application in a preclinical pharmacokinetic study. The AUC of diclofenac from DICCIC (53.7± 5.8 ug/mL.min) was significantly less (Mann Whitney test, p<0.05) than that of diclofenac from diclofenac administration (885.9 ± 124,8 ug/mL.min). Terminal half-life of diclofenac from DICCIC (50.1 ± 17.2 min) was significantly less (Mann Whitney test, p<0.05) than that of diclofenac from diclofenac administration (247.4 ± 100.9 min). Still the parameters clearance and distribution volume were calculated for diclofenac from diclofenac, whose results were 9.2 ±1.2 mL/min.kg and 3.3 ±1.2 L/kg, respectively. The results of DICCIC from DICCIC administration were 108.9 ± 19.6 mL/min.kg and 7.8 ± 2.4 L/kg for clearance and distribution volume, respectively. The pharmacokinetic profile demonstrated that there was an increase in diclofenac elimination and a lower exposure to diclofenac with administration of DICCIC compared to diclofenac.
Mimicking liver iron overload using liposomal ferritin preparations (2004)

Close monitoring of liver iron content is necessary to prevent iron overload in transfusion-dependent anemias. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard; however, MRI potentially offers a noninvasive alternative. Iron metabolism and storage is complicated and tissue/disease-specific. This report demonstrates that iron distribution may be more important than iron speciation with respect to MRI signal changes. Simple synthetic analogs of hepatic lysosomes were constructed from noncovalent attachment of horse-spleen ferritin to 0.4 microm diameter phospholipid liposomes suspended in agarose. Graded iron loading was achieved by varying ferritin burden per liposome as well as liposomal volume fraction. T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured on a 60 MHz NMR spectrometer and compared to simple ferritin-gel combinations. Liposomal-ferritin had 6-fold stronger T2 relaxivity than unaggregated ferritin but identical T1 relaxivity. Liposomal-ferritin T2 relaxivity also more closely matched published results from hemosiderotic marmoset liver, suggesting a potential role as an iron-calibration phantom.
Voltage-controlled skyrmion-based artificial synapse in a synthetic antiferromagnet (2019)

Spintronics exhibits significant potential in neuromorphic computing system with high speed, high integration density, and low dissipation. In this letter, we propose an ultralow-dissipation spintronic memristor composed of a synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) and a piezoelectric substrate. Skyrmions/skyrmion bubbles can be generated in the upper layer of SAF with weak anisotropy energy (Ea). With a weak electric field on the heterostructure, the interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling can be manipulated, giving rise to a continuous transition between a large skyrmion bubble and a small skyrmion. This thus induces the variation of the resistance of a magnetic tunneling junction. The synapse based on this principle may manipulate the weight in a wide range at a cost of a very low energy consumption of 0.3 fJ. These results pave a way to ultralow power neuromorphic computing applications.
Three-dimensional optical manipulation using four collimated intersecting laser beams (2007)

The optical Earnshaw theorem states that a small particle cannot be trapped solely by scattering forces. This limitation is overcome in a novel differential all-optical manipulator. It utilizes four collimated laser beams arranged along the axes of a tetrahedron to confine and move a microscopic sample in an aqueous medium. By adjusting the intensity of each beam individually the magnitude and direction of the optical forces acting on the sample, and via these its position, are controlled. Since only scattering forces are exploited the system is not confined to trapping near a geometrical focus, and therefore enables three-dimensional manipulation over ultra-long working distances. Latex beads 20 microm in diameter can be positioned arbitrarily within a volume defined by the overlap of the four 100 microm diameter beams. The sample is observed from four directions simultaneously, demonstrating the instrument's potential as a universal manipulator in connection with high- and isotropic-resolution light microscopy.