gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Rotational Viscosity and Pretilt Angle in Nematics from Transient Current (1995)

Abstract Transient current technique is presented for measurement of rotational viscosity γ1 and pretilt angle Θ°, in nematic liquid crystal display devices. Theoretical expressions for the determination of γ1 and Θ0 from transient current are derived by taking account of the conduction of impurity ions and director rotation. Experimental results for γ1 and Θ0 are compared with those with other conventional methods.
N-Polar GaN HEMTs Exhibiting Record Breakdown Voltage Over 2000 V and Low Dynamic On-Resistance (2018)

Nitrogen polar (N-Polar) GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMT) targeting high-voltage switching applications were fabricated on epi-layers grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrates. Devices demonstrated a combination of high breakdown voltage and low dynamic ON-resistance. Breakdown voltages of over 2000 V were observed on transistors with L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> = 1 μm, L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</sub> = 1 μm, and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GD</sub> = 28 μm. These devices had a drain current density of ~575 mA/mm at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</sub> = 1 V, and the specific ON-resistance (active-area) was 4 mQ · cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (10 Ω · mm). Dynamic ON-resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> ) was characterized 5 μs after the device was turned ON, with up to 575-V OFF-state stress. At V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DS,Q</sub> = 575 V, the dynamic R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> was ~1.4 times the static R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> (40% increase). These transistors showed an ultra-low dynamic R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> of ~5% when measured at 450-V stress. As one of the first demonstrations of N-Polar GaN HEMTs for power switching applications, the devices discussed in this letter achieve excellent V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BR</sub> and dynamic R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> performance comparable to (and in most cases better than) the state-of-the-art Ga-Polar GaN HEMTs reported in the literature.
AC Susceptibility of Superconducting La-Sr-Cu-O System (1987)

The complex susceptibility χ'- i χ'' of the superconducting La 1.8 -Sr 0.2 -Cu 1 -O 4 was measured. The complete Meissner effect of the whole volume was observed below 20 K, though the transition temperature of the resistance was 36 K (at the midpoint). Both χ' and χ'' are found to be very sensitive to the magnitude of the a.c. magnetic field. The measurements were made on several specimens prepared in different conditions. From these measurements it was concluded that the boundary and the surface of grains play an important role in the superconductivity in this system.
A Note on Mites as New Pests of Coffea Arabica in Tanganyika (1953)

"A Note on Mites as New Pests of Coffea Arabica in Tanganyika." The East African Agricultural Journal, 18(4), pp. 191–192
Growth of InSb and InAs1 − x Sb x by OM‐CVD (1984)

Organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OM‐CVD) growth of and has been obtained using triethylindium (TEI), trimethylantimony (TMS), and arsine on (100) , (100) , and (111)‐B substrates. with excellent morphology was achieved on both (100) and (111)‐B substrates. The measured electron mobility at 300 K of undoped grown on (100) semi‐insulating substrates was 40,000 cm2/V‐s at a carrier concentration of . Carrier concentration of has been measured at 77 K. with mirror‐like surfaces have been grown on (100) and substrates. This composition range of has been successfully achieved for the first time. Solid composition variations as a function of growth temperature and substrate orientations are also discussed.
Changes in the Characteristics of Pork Cured in Salt-Reduced Brine (1988)

Key words : pork loin curing, salt-reduced brine, water holding
Thermodynamic Binding Parameters of Individual Epitopes of Multivalent Carbohydrates to Concanavalin A As Determined by “Reverse” Isothermal Titration Microcalorimetry (2001)

The preceding paper [Dam, T. K., Roy, R., Pagé, D., and Brewer, C. F. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 1351-1358] demonstrated that Hill plots of isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) data for the binding of di-, tri-, and tetravalent carbohydrate analogues possessing terminal 3,6-di-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside residues to the lectin concanavalin A (ConA) show increasing negative cooperativity upon binding of the analogues to the lectin. The present study demonstrates "reverse" ITC experiments in which the lectin is titrated into solutions of di- and trivalent analogues. The results provide direct determinations of the thermodynamics of binding of ConA to the individual epitopes of the two multivalent analogues. The n values (number of binding sites per carbohydrate molecule) derived from reverse ITC demonstrate two functional binding epitopes on both the di- and trivalent analogues, confirming previous "normal" ITC results with the two carbohydrates [Dam, T. K., Roy, R., Das, S. K., Oscarson, S., and Brewer, C. F. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 14223-14230]. The reverse ITC measurements show an 18-fold greater microscopic affinity constant of ConA for the first epitope of the divalent analogue versus its second epitope and a 53-fold greater microscopic affinity constant of ConA binding to the first epitope of the trivalent analogue versus its second epitope. The data also demonstrate that the microscopic enthalpies of binding of the two epitopes on the di- and trivalent analogues are essentially the same and that differences in the microscopic K(a) values of the epitopes are due to their different microscopic entropies of binding values. These findings are consistent with the increasing negative Hill coefficients of these analogues binding to ConA in the previous paper.
Evaluation of the Granada Agar Plate for Detection of Vaginal and Rectal Group B Streptococci in Pregnant Women (1999)

Granada medium was evaluated for the detection of group B streptococci (GBS) in vaginal and rectal swabs compared with selective Columbia blood agar and selective Lim broth. From May 1996 to March 1998, 702 pregnant women (35 to 37 weeks of gestation) participated in this three-phase study; 103 (14.7%) of these women carried GBS. In the first phase of the experiment (n = 273 women), vaginorectal specimens were collected on the same swab; the sensitivities of Granada tube, selective Columbia blood agar, and Lim broth were 31.4, 94.3, and 74.3%, respectively. In the second and third phases (n = 429 women), vaginal and rectal specimens were collected separately; the sensitivities of Granada plate, selective Columbia blood agar, and Lim broth (subcultured at 4 h on selective Columbia agar in the second phase and at 18 to 24 h in Granada plate in the third phase) were 91.1, 83.9, and 75%, respectively, in the second phase and 88.5, 90.4, and 63.5%, respectively, in the third phase. There were no statistically significant differences in GBS recovery between the Granada agar plate and selective Columbia blood agar, but the Granada plate provided a clear advantage; the characteristic red-orange colonies produced overnight by GBS can be identified by the naked eye and is so specific that further identification is unnecessary. The use of the Granada tube and Lim broth did not result in increased isolation of GBS. In conclusion, the Granada agar plate is highly sensitive for detecting GBS in vaginal and rectal swabs from pregnant women and can provide results in 18 to 24 h.
Moving discrete fourier transform (1992)

A common approach to signal or image processing using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is to extract a portion of the signal by windowing, and then to form the DFT of the window contents. By moving the window appropriately, the entire signal may be covered. The moving fast Fourier transform (MFFT) algorithms developed in the paper apply to the particular case where the window is moved one data point along the signal between successive transforms. The MFFT ‘updates’ the DFT to reflect the new window contents, using less computation than in directly evaluating the new transform with the FFT algorithm. The MFFT has computational order Nin 1 — d and N2in 2 — d, a factor of log2Nimprovement over the FFT. MFFT algorithms are derived for use with the boxcar, split-triangular, Hanning, Hamming and Blackman windows. Generalisation to piecewise linear and piecewise polynomial windows is discussed.
<title>High-speed glass-molding method to mass produce precise optics</title> (1995)

We propose a newly developed mass-production molding method for precise glass optics. The aims of this batch-type glass-molding method are as follows: (1) reduction of the molding time; (2) high reproducibility of molding and (3) high reliability of a molding system. The following engineering techniques were developed to achieve these aims: (1) independent distribution layout of multi-molding cavities to reduce thermal capacity and inhomogeneity of the cavity temperature, (2) die-based assembly structure to reduce decentering of the optical axis of the molds, (3) compact and small RF (radio frequency) power supply for rapid heating, and (4) automatic control with high error-recovery rate routines by a computer. As a result, this molding process achieved (1) high-speed molding of small optics, (2) high reproducibility and high production yield, (3) mold life longer than 10,000 shots without any optical surface protective coating, (4) high repeatability of molding conditions, and (5) high reliability of a molding system. Consequently, an average wave aberration of less than 0.025 (lambda) rms of a molded aspheric collimator (NA0.40) for laser beam printers (phi) 6.8 mm X t 5.6 mm in size and 40 s/piece tact time were achieved in large-capacity production.
Adaptive Feedback Control of Machine-Tool Vibration Based on the Filtered-X LMS-algorithm (1998)

Adaptive feedback control of tool vibrations during metal cutting in a lathe has been investigated. The vibrations were controlled in the primary cutting direction and the control is based on the filtered-x LMS-algorithm. It was found that the adaptive feedback control can achieve a reduction of the tool vibrations with up to 35 dB at 1.7 kHz and simultaneously with approximately 30 dB at 3.1 kHz. A significant improvement of the workpiece surface was experienced together with a substantial reduction of the acoustic noise level with adaptive feedback control. Tool life is also expected to be extended and the material removal rate can probably be increased.
<i>Noise and Vibration Control Engineering: Principles and Applications</i> (1995)

First Page
Piezoelectric Polymer-Based Collision Detection Sensor for Robotic Applications (2015)

The authors present a large area collision detection sensor utilizing the piezoelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride film. The proposed sensor system provides high dynamic range for touch sensation, as well as robust adaptability to achieve collision detection on complex-shaped surfaces. The design allows for cohabitation of humans and robots in cooperative environments that require advanced and robust collision detection systems. Data presented in the paper are from sensors successfully retrofitted onto an existing commercial robotic manipulator.
Cold shock induction of yeast NSR1 protein and its role in pre-rRNA processing. (1992)

Yeast NSR1 protein is structurally related to mammalian nucleolin and is involved in ribosome synthesis as described in the preceding paper (Kondo, K., and Inouye, M. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 16252-16258). We report here the regulation of NSR1 gene expression and the effect of nsr1 deletion on growth and pre-rRNA processing after cold shock. A basal level of the transcript was detected at 30 degrees C only in exponentially growing cells and increased approximately 3-fold after cold shock to 10 degrees C. NSR1 protein level also increased about 3-fold after the shock. The nsr1 deletion caused a severe growth defect at low temperatures as well as a long growth lag after temperature shift from 30 to 10 degrees C. Northern hybridization analysis demonstrated that cold shock led to a rapid decrease in the amounts of 27 S, 20 S, and 7 S rRNA precursors in the nsr1 strain, although at 30 degrees C a major defect was observed only in 20 S pre-rRNA synthesis. Pulse-chase labeling of rRNA showed that pre-rRNA processing in the nsr1 strain was greatly impaired after cold shock. These results demonstrate that the NSR1 protein is required for normal pre-rRNA processing and cell growth in yeast when cells are exposed to abrupt temperature drop.
Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection May Restore Ankle Strategy Use in Stroke Patients: A Preliminary Report (2016)

Introduction: Stroke causes upper motor neuron syndrome, and spasticity of foot ankle complex further leads to equine gait and posture stability disturbance. Botulinum type A (BTX-A) injection has been widely used in treating spasticity, yet few studies report its effect on posture control. This study aimed at applying BTX-A injection in treating ankle-foot complex spasticity and investigating its effect on ankle strategy use with sensory organization test.
Material and method: 9 stroke patients and 5 healthy subjects were recruited. BTX-A injection was applied over calf flexor muscle group under electrical stimulation guide. Strategy score (ST) and Composite score were assessed using standard sensory organization test(SOT) with SMART Balance Master. The higher ST and Composite score indicated that the subjects used more ankle strategy.
The individual test conditions were as following: EO: eyes open; EC: eyes closed; SV: swayed vision and fixed support; EOSS: eyes open and swayed support; ECSS: eyes closed and swayed support; SVSS: swayed vision and swayed support). For the patient group, SOT was performed before BTX-A injection, and at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks follow up. For control group, the assessments were performed once. Generalized estimating equation was implemented for data analysis, and set p<0.05 as statistical significance.
Molecular cloning and expression of two distinct human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfotransferases that transfer sulfate to GalNAc 1 4GlcNAc 1 R in both N- and O-glycans (2001)

Recently, cDNAs encoding human chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 and -2 (C4ST-1 and C4ST-2) were cloned based on their similarity to HNK-1 sulfotransferase (HNK-1ST) (Hiraoka, N., Nakagawa, H., Ong, E., Akama, T.O., Fukuda, M.N., and Fukuda, M. [2000] Molecular cloning and expression of two distinct human chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferases that belong to the HNK-1 sulfotransferase gene family. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 20188--20196). In the present study, we identified two additional novel sulfotransferases by searching the expression sequence tag and genomic DNA database for enzymes similar to C4ST-1 and C4ST-2. These newly cloned enzymes, termed GalNAc4ST-1 and GalNAc4ST-2, belong to the HNK-1ST gene family having 40--42% identity with C4ST-1. GalNAc4ST-1 and -2 do not add sulfate to HNK-1 precursor glycans, chondroitin, or desulfated dermatan sulfate. Instead, both enzymes can transfer sulfate to the 4-position of GalNAc in the context of GalNAc beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->R attached to both N-linked and core 2 branched O-linked oligosaccharides. GalNAc4ST-1 and -2 transcripts are highly expressed in the pituitary gland and trachea, respectively, and GalNAc4ST-1 and -2 transcripts are reciprocally expressed in other tissues as well. Moreover, both enzymes can transfer sulfate to lutropin, a pituitary glycoprotein hormone. These combined results indicate that GalNAc4ST-1 and -2 play critical roles in forming sulfo-->4GalNAc beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->R in both N-glycans and O-glycans in a tissue-specific manner.
Further developments of entropy maximising transport models (1973)

This paper reviews some of the outstanding problem areas associated with entropy maximising transport models. They include elastic trip generation, the nature of the distribution model parameters and an investigation of modal split as market share. A framework for the analysis of trip making at different levels of aggregation is outlined, and the entropy maximising model is explicitly related to utility maximising processes within this framework. The improvements which result from these investigations are collected together and a revised model is presented. The connections of transport variables to a set of external variables are explicitly traced, and this enables the dynamic structure of the revised model to be exhibited.
Quasiholes and fermionic zero modes of paired fractional quantum Hall states: The mechanism for non-Abelian statistics (1996)

The quasihole states of several paired states, the Pfaffian, Haldane-Rezayi, and 331 states, which under certain conditions may describe electrons at filling factor \ensuremath{\nu}=1/2 or 5/2, are studied analytically and numerically in the spherical geometry, for the Hamiltonians for which the ground state are known exactly. We also find all the ground states (without quasiparticles) for these systems in the toroidal geometry. In each case, a complete set of linearly independent functions that are energy eigenstates of zero energy is found explicitly. For fixed positions of the quasiholes, the number of linearly independent states is ${2}^{\mathit{n}\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ for the Pfaffian, and ${2}^{2\mathit{n}\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ for the Haldane-Rezayi state; these degeneracies are needed if these systems are to possess non-Abelian statistics, and they agree with predictions based on conformal field theory. The dimensions of the spaces of states for each number of quasiholes agree with numerical results for moderate system sizes. The effects of tunneling and of the Zeeman term are discussed for the 331 and Haldane-Rezayi states, as well as the relation to Laughlin states of electron pairs. A model introduced by Ho, which was supposed to connect the 331 and Pfaffian states, is found to have the same degeneracies of zero-energy states as the 331 state, except at its Pfaffian point where it is much more highly degenerate than either the 331 or the Pfaffian. We introduce a modification of the model which has the degeneracies of the 331 state everywhere including the Pfaffian point; at the latter point, tunneling reduces the degeneracies to those of the Pfaffian state. An experimental difference is pointed out between the Laughlin states of electron pairs and the other paired states, in the current-voltage response when electrons tunnel into the edge. An appendix contains results for the permanent state, in which the zero modes can be occupied by composite bosons, rather than by composite fermions as in the other cases; the system is found to have an incipient instability toward a spin-polarized state. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Combustion systems: a porous-matrix burner and a surface combustor. Topical report, June 1984-December 1985 (1987)

In this study, two combustion systems were experimentally evaluated for potential application to gas-fired appliances: an atmospheric porous-matrix burner and a packed-bed surface combustor. The normal radiant output of a porous matrix burner was measured over a range of input from 30,000 to 110,000 Btu/h-sq ft and aerations from 0% to 40% excess air. The data were compared to similar published data for radiant tile burners. Emissions of nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/), and carbon monoxide (CO) were also measured and reported. The potential advantage of the type of burner is its ability to produce high levels of radiation heat at high gas-loading levels (Btu/h-sq ft.).
Does atrial fibrillation preclude biventricular pacing?: Table 1 (2008)

The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with moderate to advanced heart failure has been estimated as around 15–30% and rises with increased severity of heart failure.1 In such patients, there is clinical evidence of complex neurohormonal activation, cellular and extracellular alterations and electrophysiological changes. Arrhythmia is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with impaired or preserved left ventricular systolic function.1 2 However, it is not clear whether AF directly increases cardiac mortality or is simply a marker of severe disease.1 An interesting temporal relation between AF and heart failure was reported in Framingham study, and subjects with AF or heart failure subsequently developing the other condition had a poor prognosis.3 Factors including loss of atrioventricular (AV) synchrony, reduced diastolic filling, loss of atrial systole and irregular ventricular response related to AF have all contributed to higher morbidity and mortality in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction.1

Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an established treatment for selected patients with advanced heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony.4 Although AF and heart failure often coexist and are associated with worse clinical outcomes, current guidelines do not recommend CRT for these patients because of the scarcity of supporting clinical data.4 The benefit of CRT is believed to be achieved by a mechanism which corrects underlying electromechanical abnormalities, commonly manifested as a wide QRS complex, in patients with advanced heart failure.5 6 However, …
An implementation of a variable rate codec based on ADPCM with multi-quantizer (ADPCM-MQ) (2003)

Discusses an implementation of an experimental variable bit rate codec (VRC) based on adaptive differential pulse code modulation with a multiquantizer (ADPCM-MQ) that processes speech signals at 16 kb/s to 48 kb/s. The authors propose a method for the combined use of constant SNR (signal/noise ratio) and constant noise to determine optimum bit/rate control of the VRC. This algorithm was implemented using six digital signal processor chips. The average bit rate of the prototype codec for the telephone voice channel was about 23 kb/s, including supplementary information, and a quality better than that specified in G.721 (32 kb/s ADPCM) was observed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparison of latching control strategies for a heaving wave energy device in random sea (2003)

International audience
The case for reflective middleware (2002)

It's flexible and reconfigurable yet simple for programmers to use, notably for building dynamic distributed applications operating on the Net.
Tutorial: The relational data model for Design Automation (1983)

The relational data model has gained more acceptance in the commercial database environment in recent years. It is now finding its way into the Design Automation (CAD/CAM) area. This tutorial explains what the relational data model is and how database management systems based on it can be used with Design Automation applications.