gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis of Core Crushing and Core Movementin RTM and SRIM Foam Cored Composite Parts (1998)

In liquid composite molding, SRIM can typically achieve a higher pressure than the RTM process. When molding a foam cored composite part at high flow rates using an SRIM system, the following related effects can be observed: high molding pressures, core shifting, core crushing, variable permeability and reinforcement compaction. Because of the variable permeability in such conditions, the linear Darcy law does not apply for flow simulation. Finally, all this can easily result in dry spot defects. To study the various problems occurring in the molding of foam cored composite parts, two molds equipped with pressure transducers were used. The first one was a picture frame square plaque mold. To ease the measurement of reinforcement compaction and core crushing, flat panels were molded with reinforcement on one side only. The second part was a quasi-rectangular foam cored beam with braided reinforcement all around the foam core. In this paper, it is refered as the Small Core part. With this part, reinforcement compaction, core crushing and core shifting was measured. The picture frame plaque mold was used with the RTM and SRIM processing equipment. Continuous strand mat with a constant fiber volume fraction was used with polyurethane foam of variable density. For the RTM process, Vinyl Ester resin was injected at constant pressure while for SRIM, Polyurethane resin was injected at constant flow rate. Parts were cut to measure laminate thickness and core deformation. For the Small Core mold, only the SRIM system was used with a constant flow rate. In this case the core materials used were Polyurethane of various densities. All parts were braided with ±45 and axial (0°) glass filaments. For some parts, locators were placed on the core surface to prevent its shifting. Short shots were used to observe the resin flow progression. For the picture frame experiments, the RTM process gave no significant core deformation. With the SRIM system, results showed a non-negligible core deformation at some foam densities. The SRIM system was also used with the Small Core tool. The results revealed the dominance of the core shifting and fabric compaction over core crushing. The use of locators placed on the core surface led to a better flow progression and nearly eliminated the core shifting, resulting in a part without defects. The flow simulation software RTMFLOT developed in our laboratory and based on a linear Darcy Law was used with these complex cases. The simulation results gave a good approximation of the gate pressure during filling.
Statin Therapy for the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Trial (SToP AF trial) (2010)

High-dose atorvastatin did not reduce the recurrence of AF after CV. It reduced selective markers of inflammation without affecting systemic oxidative stress. Failure of atorvastatin to prevent AF recurrence may be due to its failure to affect oxidative stress.
CYTOPLASMIC-GENETIC MALE STERILITY IN CULTIVATED RICE, <i>ORYZA SATIVA</i> L. (1969)

A case of cytoplasmic male sterility controlled by a restoration gene Rf was found in cultivated rice, Oryza sativa L. The sterile cytoplasm [ms] and the restoration gene Rf were derived from Chinsurah Boro II, an Indica variety, and the experiments were made by the isogenic lines having genetic background of Taichung 65, a Japonica variety.When a plant with sterile cytoplasm [ms] had Rf Rf, it was completely male-fertile; when it had Rf rf, partially male-fertile (ca. 50%); and when it had rf rf, completely male-sterile. Plants with normal cytoplasm [ms+] would be male-fertile regardless of the genotype for restoration genes. The F1 plants of [ms] rf rf×[ms+] Rf rf segregated into partially male-sterile and completely male-sterile classes in a 1:1 ratio, while the selfed progeny of [ms+] Rf rf was completely male-fertile. The restoration gene was thus found to be of gametophytic type.The F1 plants of [ms] rf rf×Rf Rf had a 90% or higher seed set, though they were partially male-sterile. This source may be used for breeding “hybrid rice”.
Structure of Reaction Products of 5-Nitrosotropolone and Arylamine (1990)

Abstract The structures of abnormal reaction products (1:1 and 1:2) between 5-nitrosotropolone and arylamine are elucidated. The reaction of 5-nitrosotropolone with arylamine (e.g., aniline and p-toluidine) affords initially a bicyclic addition product, having 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane system which could be formed by the attack of the amine on 4- and 1-positions of the tropolone ring. The adduct contains two isomers having syn and anti configuration with respect to the hydroxyimino group. These adducts easily isomerized under alkaline conditions to form lactams having the 6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane system, which may have been resulted from skeletal rearrangement of a seven-membered ring to a six-membered one. The former adducts, the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane system, further react with another mole of arylamine to give 1:2 products containing a lactam moiety via similar skeletal rearrangement.
Highly Flexible Ligand Binding Pocket of Ecdysone Receptor (2004)

The insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone works through a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, the ecdysone receptor (EcR), which plays critical roles in insect development and reproduction. The EcR has been exploited to develop insecticides to control pests and gene switches for gene regulation. Recently reported crystal structures of the EcR protein show different but partially overlapping binding cavities for ecdysteroid (ECD) and diacylhydrazine (DAH) ligands, providing an explanation for the differential activity of DAH ligands in insects. 1-Aroyl-4-(arylamino)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) ligands were recently discovered as ecdysone agonists. Mutagenesis of the EcR (from Choristoneura fumiferana, CfEcR) ligand binding domain followed by screening in a reporter assay led to the identification of CfEcR mutants, which responded well to THQ ligands but poorly to both ECD and DAH ligands. These mutants were further improved by introducing a second mutation, A110P, which was previously reported to cause ECD insensitivity. Testing of these V128F/A110P and V128Y/A110P mutants in a C57BL/6 mouse model coactivator interaction assay and in insect cells showed that this mutant EcR is activated by THQ ligands but not by ECD or DAH ligands. The CfEcR and its V128F/A110P mutant were used to demonstrate simultaneous regulation of two reporter genes using THQ and DAH ligands.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A WIDEBAND MULTIBEAM ARRAY (2010)

Ph.D
Electron microscopy and biochemical characterization of a 350‐kDa annular hemolymph protein from the keyhole limpet <i>Megathura crenulata</i> (1994)

The isolation and biochemical characterization of an annular non-hemocyanin hemolymph protein from a marine gastropod, the Californian giant keyhole limpet (Megathura crenulata) is presented. By analytical ultracentrifugation, the protein has a sedimentation coefficient of 12S and molecular mass of approximately 350 kDa. The subunit mass, obtained by SDS/PAGE in the presence of -SH reagent and 8 M urea, is approximately 35 kDa, thereby indicating the presence of 10 subunits in the native molecule. By negative staining, the protein is revealed in one predominant image projection as a pentagonal approximately 8 nm ring-like structure with an approximately 2-nm stain-filled centre and, in another image projection, as a dimeric rectangular structure, approximately 8 nm x 14 nm. In deep stain, each of the components of the side-on dimer also shows an indication of stain penetration within a central channel. Unlike the hemolymph protein limulin/C-reactive protein from the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus, this Megathura protein does not possess any potential for the aggregation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes although it has an affinity for this phospholipid and causes bilayer destruction. It now appears likely that the previously reported lipid-bilayer ionic-conductance species in keyhole limpet hemolymph, attributed to hemocyanin, could indeed by due to the presence of this annular protein.
A Connected Home Platform and Development Framework for smart home control applications (2009)

Smart home automation technologies have been commercially available already, however the interoperability problems of different hardware and software components, the limited service scalability and the complexity of configuration and use prevent their mass adoption. In this paper we present a connected home platform and development framework for easy design, development and deployment of smart home services offering a wealth of new exciting smart home experience on top of existing broadband service bundles. The home controller is used to integrate connectivity with home devices of various home control technologies. The service platform embeds the use of OSGi technology in the home controller that enables the OSGi-literate engineer to quickly develop and deploy home services utilising the widely adopted automation technologies. The different home network subsystems are interfaced in a common way through the Network Adaptation Layer, a set of OSGi components known as ROCob. Following the ROCob API Specification, a developer may build various applications, such as presentation layer applications (e.g. a Web based UI), monitoring applications that collect data and send them to a backbone server, and other home control and pervasive applications.
The directed Chinese postman problem (2000)

The Chinese Postman Problem on weighted directed multigraphs has many applications, including analysing interactive system and web site usability. Clear algorithms for the problem are not available. This paper derives an algorithm, which is presented as a complete, executable Java class, and it shows that no significantly more efficient algorithm is possible. The paper also solves a generalisation, the directed Rural Chinese Postman.
Urinary Protein Profiles in Patients with Urothelial Bladder Tumours (1981)

Urinary protein profiles were studied in 32 patients with urothelial bladder tumours, using immunonephelometry. In patients without residual or recurrent tumours a glomerular type of proteinuria was demonstrated. In patients with grade III-IV transitional cell carcinoma the glomerular proteinuria was more severe than in patients with grade I-II tumours. Increased excretion of low molecular weight proteins was observed only in patients with grade III-IV tumours. The use of the increased relative clearance of albumin, transferrin, and haptoglobin as a diagnostic test was attempted in detecting residual or recurrent tumours. In patients with grade III-IV tumours the predictive value of a positive or negative test was 92% and 100% respectively, whereas the relative protein clearance was without predictive value in patients with grade I-II tumours.
Silicon single-electron memories (2002)

This paper reviews the main achievements towards the realization of memories where the information is stored by an individual electron: the so-called single-electron memories. The different routes followed are presented, ranging from multidot devices to single-dot nano-flash memories and single-electron transistor based memory cells. Finally, we illustrate the issues involved in single-electron memories by presenting a new single-dot memory device with a self-aligned nano-floating gate on top of a triangular SOI-MOSFET channel that shows persistent memory operation at room temperature.
Complete sequence of human mitochondrial DNA obtained by combining multiple displacement amplification and next-generation sequencing on a single oocyte (2016)

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a key role in the development of a competent oocyte. In this study, the complete mtDNA sequence obtained for the first time by multiple displacement amplification approach in combination with next-generation sequencing from a single human oocyte is reported (GenBank accession no. KT364276). The analysis of oocyte mitochondrial mutations could provide a better understanding of the genetic variants correlated with the oocyte quality.
Audiology Progress and Problems (1961)

Approximately 15 years ago, with the disbanding of the wartime aural rehabilitation centers, that scientific and professional area which has come to be known as audiology emerged to participate in a variety of educational and medical programs and to compete for a portion of the public and private funds available for such purposes. With the closing of Deshon, Bordon, and Hoff hospitals, audiology lost its captive population of hearing-disabled service personnel. It is doubtful if audiology could have progressed if its activities had been confined to veterans and the relatively few military personnel requiring care in the remaining centers at Walter Reed and the Philadelphia Naval Hospital. Likewise, it is doubtful if there would have developed an integrated field of audiology without the initiative and support of otolaryngologists and otolaryngology. Repeatedly, it has been acknowledged that without the Hughsons, Canfields, Goldsteins, and many, many others, the field of audiology, as
All Polymer Piezoelectric Film for Low Resonance Frequency Vibration Driven Energy Harvesting Application (2013)

We developed all polymer piezoelectric film which consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film substrate, conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes, and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film in order to achieve the low resonance frequency of energy harvesting device. Existing piezoelectric films have been deposited on rigid silicon or inorganic materials which lead to high resonance frequency and low efficiency of energy generating under low frequency of human or animal motions. Therefore, we developed all polymeric piezoelectric films on very soft PET films. To deposit PVDF film on PEDOT:PSS coated PET, low temperature coating process using low boiling temperature solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) and annealing method (under 150°C) was developed. Developed film achieved low frequency of 81 Hz.
발달에 적합한 유아 영재교육 (2005)

본 연구에서는 유아교육분야 및 사회전반에서 유아영재교육의 필요성에 대한 인식을 공유하기 위해, 유아영재와 관련된 이슈들을 체계적으로 다루어 보았다. 먼저 유아영재교육이 유아교육분야와 영재교육분야에서 연구의 관심 대상이 되지 못하는 이유를 검토하였으며, 그 다음으로는 유아영재에 대한 개념정의를 위해 유아영재의 정의 및 특성을 살펴보았다. 유아영재를 어떻게 판별할 것인가와 이들에게 어떤 교육적 경험을 제공해주는 것이 바람직할 것인가의 이슈들을 이론적으로 그리고 실제적인 예시들을 들어 검토하였다 마지막으로는 유아영재교육이 발달에 적합한 방향으로 이루어지기 위한 몇 가지 제언을 하였다.
Optical injection of mammalian cells using a microfluidic platform (2010)

The use of a focused laser beam to create a sub-micron hole in the plasma membrane of a cell (photoporation), for the selective introduction of membrane impermeable substances (optical injection) including nucleic acids (optical transfection), is a powerful technique most commonly applied to treat single cells. However, particularly for femtosecond photoporation, these studies have been limited to low throughput, small-scale studies, because they require sequential dosing of individual cells. Herein, we describe a microfluidic photoporation system for increased throughput and automated optical injection of cells. Hydrodynamic focusing is employed to direct a flow of single-file cells through a focused femtosecond laser beam for photoporation. Upon traversing the beam, a number of transient pores potentially open across the extracellular membrane, which allows the uptake of the surrounding fluid media into the cytoplasm, also containing the chosen injection agent. The process is entirely automated and a rate of 1 cell/sec could readily be obtained, enabling several thousand cells to be injected per hour using this system. The efficiency of optically injecting propidium iodide into HEK293 mammalian cells was found to be 42 ± 8%, or 28 ± 4% taking into account the requirement of post-injection viability, as tested using Calcein AM. This work now opens the way for combining photoporation with microfluidic analyses, sorting, purification or on-chip cell culture studies.
Association of CYP1B1 codon 432 mutant allele in head and neck squamous cell cancer is reflected by somatic mutations of p53 in tumor tissue. (2001)

Tobacco use is causally associated with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Here, we present the results of a case-control study that investigated the effects that the genetic variants of the cytochrome (CYP)1A1, CYP1B1, glutathione-S-transferase (GST)M1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes have on modifying the risk of smoking-related HNSCC. Allelisms of the CYP1A1, GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genes alone were not associated with an increased risk. CYP1B1 codon 432 polymorphism was found to be a putative susceptibility factor in smoking-related HNSCC. The frequency of CYP1B1 polymorphism was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the group of smoking cases when compared with smoking controls. Additionally, an odds ratio (OR) of 4.53 (2.62-7.98) was discovered when investigating smoking and nonsmoking cases for the susceptible genotype CYP1B1*2/*2, when compared with the presence of the genotype wild type. In combination with polymorphic variants of the GST genes, a synergistic-effect OR was observed. The calculated OR for the combined genotype CYP1B1*2/*2 and GSTM1*2/*2 was 12.8 (4.09-49.7). The calculated OR for the combined genotype was 13.4 (2.92-97.7) for CYP1B1*2/*2 and GSTT1*2/*2, and 24.1 (9.36-70.5) for the combination of CYP1B1*2/*2 and GSTT1-expressors. The impact of the polymorphic variants of the CYP1B1 gene on HNSCC risk is reflected by the strong association with the frequency of somatic mutations of the p53 gene. Smokers with susceptible genotype CYP1B1*2/*2 were 20 times more likely to show evidence of p53 mutations than were those with CYP1B1 wild type. Combined genotype analysis of CYP1B1 and GSTM1 or GSTT1 revealed interactive effects on the occurrence of p53 gene mutations. The results of the present study indicate that polymorphic variants of CYP1B1 relate significantly to the individual susceptibility of smokers to HNSCC.
IT-141, a Polymer Micelle Encapsulating SN-38, Induces Tumor Regression in Multiple Colorectal Cancer Models (2011)

Polymer micelles are promising drug delivery vehicles for the delivery of anticancer agents to tumors. Often, anticancer drugs display potent cytotoxic effects towards cancer cells but are too hydrophobic to be administered in the clinic as a free drug. To address this problem, a polymer micelle was designed using a triblock copolymer (ITP-101) that enables hydrophobic drugs to be encapsulated. An SN-38 encapsulated micelle, IT-141, was prepared that exhibited potent in vitro cytotoxicity against a wide array of cancer cell lines. In a mouse model, pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that IT-141 had a much longer circulation time, plasma exposure, and tumor exposure compared to irinotecan. IT-141 was also superior to irinotecan in terms of antitumor activity, exhibiting greater tumor inhibition in HT-29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer xenograft models at half the dose of irinotecan. The antitumor effect of IT-141 was dose-dependent and caused complete growth inhibition and tumor regression at well-tolerated doses. Varying the specific concentration of SN-38 within the IT-141 micelle had no detectible effect on this antitumor activity, indicating no differences in activity between different IT-141 formulations. In summary, IT-141 is a potent micelle-based chemotherapy that holds promise for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
XML for data exchange (2003)

XML has taken the software industry by storm and its repercussions will continue to be felt for some time. The EPRI CCAPI has been developing specifications for interfaces to facilitate the interoperation of electric utility software from independent sources. A significant achievement of this effort is the creation of a common information model (CIM) for control center systems. The NERC Data Exchange Working Group (DEWG) has been tasked with coming up with a way to support the data modeling exchange needs of inter-regional security networks (ISNs). These models need to be node oriented in order to meet the needs of control center applications. Existing exchange formats are based upon planning models that are bus oriented. This leads to the formation of a new data exchange format. The approach proposed to NERC and now being pursued by the DEWG is to use the semantics from the CIM and render data populations in XML.
Hydrothermal synthesis, structure determination from powder data of a three-dimensional zirconium diphosphonate with an exceptionally high thermal stability: Zr(O<sub>3</sub>P-(CH<sub>2</sub>)-PO<sub>3</sub>) or MIL-57 (2002)

Zr(O3P-(CH2)-PO3) or MIL-57 was prepared in a pure form under hydrothermal conditions (3 days, 493 K, autogenous pressure). Its structure was solved ab initio from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data. This compound is monoclinic (space group P21 (no. 14)) with a = 7.589(1), b = 8.110(1), c = 5.056(1) Å, β = 103.934(1)°, V = 302.14(1) Å3 and Z = 2. Its three-dimensional structure is built up from zirconium(IV) octahedra linked together via diphosphonate groups. This delimits a three-dimensional network with three and seven-member-ring tunnels along the c axis. The thermal behaviour, deduced from TGA and X-ray thermodiffractometry has been investigated and reveals that MIL-57 is stable under air atmosphere up to 1023 K, which is the highest temperature reported to date for a hybrid inorganic–organic solid. A brief comparison between structures of MIL-57 and ZrP2O7 is also reported.
Sonic hedgehog signaling promotes motility and invasiveness of gastric cancer cells through TGF- -mediated activation of the ALK5-Smad 3 pathway (2007)

It is known that the activation of hedgehog (Hh) signaling is involved in the progression and invasion of various tumors, including gastric carcinoma. In this study, we investigated the impact of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling on the sonic hedgehog (Shh)-mediated invasion of gastric cancer cells. We found that higher concentrations of N-Shh enhanced cell motility and invasiveness in gastric cancer cells, whereas no increase was observed in cells that were treated with KAAD-cyclopamine (a Shh signaling inhibitor) or anti-Shh blocking antibodies. In addition, the N-Shh-induced migration and invasiveness of gastric cancer cells were reduced by treatment with anti-TGF-beta blocking antibody or TGF-beta1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in presence of N-Shh when compared with control groups. Furthermore, TGF-beta1 secretion, TGF-beta-mediated transcriptional response, expression of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 5 protein and phosphorylation of Smad 3 were also enhanced by treatment with N-Shh, but not KAAD-cyclopamine, anti-Shh or TGF-beta1 blocking antibodies. Blockade of the ALK5 kinase in the presence of N-Shh significantly inhibited phosphorylation of Smad 3, activity of matrix metalloproteinases and Shh-induced cell motility/invasiveness. Importantly, transient expression of ALK5 siRNA or Smad 3 siRNA reduced the ability of N-Shh to stimulate migration and invasion of those cells compared with the cells treated with non-specific control siRNA. In summary, these results indicate that Shh promotes motility and invasiveness of gastric cancer cells through TGF-beta-mediated activation of the ALK5-Smad 3 pathway. Additionally, our findings are the first to suggest a role and mechanism for Shh signaling as it relates to the metastatic potential of gastric cancer, thereby indicating potential therapeutic molecular targets to decrease metastasis.