gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of spiritual change among expatriate humanitarian aid workers: A prospective longitudinal study. (2014)

Expatriate humanitarian aid workers are often exposed to traumatic events and human suffering in the context of their deployments. Internal resources, such as having recourse to a transcendent spiritual framework, may play an important part in creating a meaningful perspective on the work and developing coping strategies to overcome challenging experiences. Aid workers from agencies based in North America and Europe participated in a longitudinal study of stress and mental health between 2005 and 2009 (Lopes Cardozo et al., 2012). Participants completed assessments of spiritual transcendence, trauma exposure, psychiatric distress, and posttraumatic life changes at predeployment (n 212), postdeployment (n 170), and a 3- to 6-month follow-up assessment (n 154). Latent class growth analysis indicated 3 distinct trajectories of spiritual changes across the sample: (1) a group with high spiritual transcendence at predeployment with small, but significant, decreases over time; (2) a group with moderate and stable spiritual transcendence scores; and (3) a group with low and slightly decreasing spiritual transcendence scores over the study period. Participants who reported a religious affiliation were more likely to be in the high spiritual transcendence group, and different trajectories were not associated with likelihood of psychiatric distress at postdeployment or follow-up. However, those reporting higher spiritual transcendence were more likely to report positive life changes following their deployments. Findings suggest that spiritual transcendence was relatively stable in this sample, and that aid workers with greater spiritual transcendence may be more oriented toward personal growth after trauma exposure in their work.
Effect of carbon coating on scuffing performance in diesel fuels (2000)

Low-sulfur and low-aromatic diesel fuels are being introduced in order to reduce various types of emissions in diesel engines to levels in compliance with current and impending US federal regulations. The low lubricity of these fuels, however, poses major reliability and durability problems for fuel injection components that depend on diesel fuel for their lubrication. In the present study, the authors evaluated the scuff resistance of surfaces in regular diesel fuel containing 500 ppm sulfur and in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel fuel containing no sulfur or aromatics. Tests were conducted with the high frequency reciprocating test rig (HFRR) using 52100 steel balls and H-13 tool-steel flats with and without Argonne's special carbon coatings. Test results showed that the sulfur-containing fuels provide about 20% higher scuffing resistance than does fuel without sulfur. Use of the carbon coating on the flat increased scuffing resistance in both regular and synthetic fuels by about ten times, as measured by the contact severity index at scuffing. Scuffing failure in tests conducted with coated surfaces did not occur until the coating had been removed by the two distinct mechanisms of spalling and wear.
Enthalpy-Based Screening of Focused Combinatorial Libraries for the Identification of Potent and Selective Ligands (2017)

In modern drug discovery, the ability of biophysical methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or surface plasmon resonance, to detect and characterize ligand–protein interactions accurately and unambiguously makes these approaches preferred versus conventional biochemical high-throughput screening of large collections of compounds. Nonetheless, ligand screening strategies that address simultaneously potency and selectivity have not yet been fully developed. In this work, we propose a novel method for screening large collections of combinatorial libraries using enthalpy measurements as a primary screening technique. We demonstrate that selecting binders that are driven by enthalpy (ΔH) results in agents that are not only potent but also more selective for a given target. This general and novel approach, we termed ΔH screening of fPOS (enthalpy screening of focused positional scanning library), combines the principles of focused combinatorial chemistry with rapid calorimetry measurements to efficiently identify potent and selective inhibitors.
Users’ Continued Usage of Online Healthcare Virtual Communities: An Empirical Investigation in the Context of HIV Support Communities (2019)

This study uses data from an online HIV/AIDS health support virtual community to examine whether users’ emotional states and the social support they receive influence their continued usage. We adopt Grief theory to conceptualize the negative emotions that people living with HIV/AIDS could experience. Linguistic analysis is used to measure the emotional states of the users and the informational and emotional support that they receive. Results show that users showing a higher level of disbelief and yearning are more likely to leave the community while those with a high level of anger and depression are more likely to stay on. Users who receive more informational support are more likely to leave once they have obtained the information they sought, but those who receive more emotional support are more likely to stay on. The findings of this study can help us better understand users’ support seeking behavior in online support VCs.
6,050km transmission of 32 /spl times/ 42.7 Gb/s DWDM signals using Raman-amplified quadruple-hybrid span configuration (2002)

We demonstrate the first transatlantic distance transmission of 40-Gb/s-based dense-WDM signals with 100-GHz channel spacing. This successful transmission was achieved by suppression of fiber nonlinear effect enabled by distributed all-Raman amplification and a quadruple-hybrid span configuration.
Haur-literatura: gutxiengo bat literaturaren barruan (2011)

La conferencia verso sobre ocho debates principales:
� La literatura de tradicion oral y la literatura dirigida al publico
infantil; sus relaciones, su presencia y sus funciones.
� La relacion entre literatura y pedagogia; la lectura libre
o la lectura escolar obligatoria. La calidad literaria y el exito
literario (no siempre van de la mano).
� El consenso en considerar a la literatura infantil y juvenil
como literatura y no como nada mas. La aparicion de la critica
sobre literatura infantil y juvenil especifica.
� La �invisibilidad� de la literatura infantil en los programas
culturales, revistas o promociones de las administraciones,
aunque existen excepciones.
� La telarana de la animacion lectora.
� Las leyes del mercado y la marea de la mediocridad,
la sociedad de consumo tambien en la literatura infantil y
juvenil.
� La presencia del album ilustrado y su aportacion artistica
innovadora, con luces y sombras.
� Nuevas formas de ficcion, la mezcla adecuada entre imagen,
la palabra oral y escrita y la digitalizacion.
De esta manera Teresa Colomer cumplio las expectativas
creadas y dio pie a la reflexion sobre diferentes cuestiones
inmersas en la literatura infantil y juvenil
Enzymes for Pulp and Paper Processing (1996)

Microbial enzymes are enabling new technologies for processing pulps and fibers. Xylanases reduce the amount of chemicals required for bleaching; cellulases smooth fibers, enhance drainage, and promote ink removal; lipases reduce pitch; lignin-degrading enzymes remove lignin from pulps. Several of these processes are commercial, and others are beginning to emerge. In the future, enzyme-based processes could lead to cleaner and more efficient pulp and paper processing. The papers in this book describe fundamental and applied aspects of xylanase, cellulase, lignin-degrading enzymes, and lipase with a view toward the development of novel processes, unusual enzymatic activities and elucidation of underlying mechanisms.
Wintering waterfowl community structure and the characteristics of gravel pit lakes (1997)

Wintering waterfowl community structure and their association with lake characteristics were studied in the Cotswold Water Park, a complex of more than 120 gravel pit lakes in southern England. The major distinction in community types was between assemblages dominated by diving waterfowl and those dominated by dabbling waterfowl. The trophic status of lakes was found to be a major determinant of community structure: young lakes in the early stages of a natural process of eutrophication tended to support the most diverse assemblages of diving waterfowl. The abundance of individual species was strongly related to lake size and assemblage type. Some effects of food supply and the recreational use of lakes were also apparent. The relevance of the findings for the sustainable value of the lakes for wintering waterfowl is discussed.
Multifractals and texture classification (1992)

In image analysis, texture recognition and discrimination is a major task. Fractal geometry is often used in this particular application for its capability in characterizing texture using a single parameter, that is, the fractal dimension. However, fractal analysis presents the major drawback to not be able to fully characterize a given surface; as a matter of fact, quite different textures have, often, the same fractal dimension. In the paper, a methodology for texture analysis, characterization, and classification is presented that is aimed at overcoming such drawback. To this end, the authors developed a technique based on the estimation of the multifractals features of a surface, i.e., the function D(q) of each texture patch, and by using such information they performed an accurate classification of different textures. Results obtained on standard Brodatz texture are reported and discussed. >
240. Vibrational frequency correlations in heterocyclic molecules. Part IV. Indoxyl derivatives (1958)

S. J. Holt, A. E. Kellie, D. G. O'Sullivan and P. W. Sadler, J. Chem. Soc., 1958, 1217 DOI: 10.1039/JR9580001217
Metabolites prediction in multiple studies using machine learning (2020)

Metabolites are small biological molecules that are involved in the process of con- verting food to energy and in generating new cells. Metabolomics shows us unique features of cancer studies that genomics cannot provide. Current metabolomic re- search is limited by the number of metabolites that a study measures. Our goal is to predict unidentified metabolites. We used data from eight studies across six different cancer types: renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, urthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer. We built prediction models using two methods, Principle Component Regression (PCR) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso). We evaluated model performance on existing data and we achieved robust model performance. Prediction models for a portion of metabolites exhibit successful transfer learning on metabolites from an unseen cancer type or study.
Sites of collagenase cleavage and denaturation of type II collagen in aging and osteoarthritic articular cartilage and their relationship to the distribution of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (2002)

These observations provide evidence for the presence of limited cleavage and denaturation of CII restricted to mainly pericellular and superficial sites in cartilage from younger, healthy subjects, where MMP-1 and MMP-13 are also selectively localized. Collagen degradation is more extensive and often more pronounced in cartilage from older, nonarthritic subjects. Characteristic changes in early OA are similar to those seen with aging in cartilage from older, healthy subjects, with collagen damage and collagenases concentrated closer to the articular surface. There was usually a close correspondence between the cleavage and denaturation of CII and the sites at which these collagenases were detected, suggesting that both MMPs are involved in the physiology and pathology. There was no evidence that the damage to CII is ordinarily initiated in sites other than at and near the articular surface and around chondrocytes.
Clinically significant inaccurate localization of lesions with PET/CT: frequency in 300 patients. (2003)

Serious lesion mislocalization on PET/CT studies may occur, albeit very infrequently, when CT is used for either AC or fusion.
Speech-XLNet: Unsupervised Acoustic Model Pretraining For Self-Attention Networks (2019)

Self-attention network (SAN) can benefit significantly from the bi-directional representation learning through unsupervised pretraining paradigms such as BERT and XLNet. In this paper, we present an XLNet-like pretraining scheme "Speech-XLNet" for unsupervised acoustic model pretraining to learn speech representations with SAN. The pretrained SAN is finetuned under the hybrid SAN/HMM framework. We conjecture that by shuffling the speech frame orders, the permutation in Speech-XLNet serves as a strong regularizer to encourage the SAN to make inferences by focusing on global structures through its attention weights. In addition, Speech-XLNet also allows the model to explore the bi-directional contexts for effective speech representation learning. Experiments on TIMIT and WSJ demonstrate that Speech-XLNet greatly improves the SAN/HMM performance in terms of both convergence speed and recognition accuracy compared to the one trained from randomly initialized weights. Our best systems achieve a relative improvement of 11.9% and 8.3% on the TIMIT and WSJ tasks respectively. In particular, the best system achieves a phone error rate (PER) of 13.3% on the TIMIT test set, which to our best knowledge, is the lowest PER obtained from a single system.
Localization of immunoreactive synthetic atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in the heart of various animal species. (1985)

The localization of two synthetic fragments of the C-terminal portion of atrial natriuretic factor: Arg 101-Tyr 126 which displays full biological activity and Leu 94-Arg 109 which is completely devoid of biological activity, has been investigated by immunohisto- and immunocytochemical methods in the heart of mammals (rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, cat, dog, man) and nonmammalian vertebrates toad (Bufo marinus), frog (Rana catesbeiana), fish (Cyprinus carpio, Puntius schwanenfeldi, Cichlosoma biocellatum, Carrasius auratus), snake (Python reticulatus) and hen. Antibodies against the synthetic fragments of ANF were raised in rabbits and used either for immunofluorescence (Coons' technique), immunohistochemistry (unlabeled antibody technique) or immunocytochemistry (protein A-gold technique). Results obtained by immunofluorescence and by the unlabeled antibody technique were similar: antibodies against Arg 101-Tyr 126 ANF allowed visualization of granulated cardiocytes in the atria of all mammals. While the reaction was very strong in rat and mouse, it was less so in the rabbit and very weak in all other species studied including man. Antibodies against Leu 94-Arg 109 ANF produced a reaction only in the rat and mouse. In nonmammalian vertebrates, the reaction was always much stronger in atria than ventricles of all species with both antibodies.
Actor-Transformers for Group Activity Recognition (2020)

This paper strives to recognize individual actions and group activities from videos. While existing solutions for this challenging problem explicitly model spatial and temporal relationships based on location of individual actors, we propose an actor-transformer model able to learn and selectively extract information relevant for group activity recognition. We feed the transformer with rich actor-specific static and dynamic representations expressed by features from a 2D pose network and 3D CNN, respectively. We empirically study different ways to combine these representations and show their complementary benefits. Experiments show what is important to transform and how it should be transformed. What is more, actor-transformers achieve state-of-the-art results on two publicly available benchmarks for group activity recognition, outperforming the previous best published results by a considerable margin.
Application of Humidity-Controlled Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA-RH) to Moisture-Sensitive Edible Casein Films for Use in Food Packaging (2015)

Protein-based and other hydrophilic thin films are promising materials for the manufacture of edible food packaging and other food and non-food applications. Calcium caseinate (CaCas) films are highly hygroscopic and physical characterization under broad environmental conditions is critical to application development and film optimization. A new technology, humidity-controlled dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA-RH) was explored to characterize CaCas/glycerol films (3:1 ratio) during isohume temperature (T) ramps and steps, and isothermal RH ramps and steps, to determine their mechanical and moisture-sorption properties during extensive T and RH variations. When RH and/or T increased, CaCas/Gly films became strongly plasticized and underwent several primary and secondary humidity-dependent transition temperatures (or transition humidities); the CaCas/Gly network hypothetically rearranged itself to adapt to the increased water-content and heat-induced molecular mobility. Between 5–40 °C and 20%–61% RH, moisture-sorption was rapid and proportional to humidity between transition points and accelerated greatly during transitions. CaCas/Gly films seemed unsuitable for storage or utilization in warm/humid conditions as they lost their mechanical integrity around Tm ~ 40 °C at 50% RH and Tm decreased greatly with increased RH. However, below Tm, both moisture- and heat-induced structural changes in the films were fully reversible and casein films may withstand a variety of moderate abuse conditions.
Remote attestation on program execution (2008)

Remote attestation provides the basis for one platform to establish trusts on another. In this paper, we consider the problem of attesting the correctness of program executions. We propose to measure the target program and all the objects it depends on, with an assumption that the Secure Kernel and the Trusted Platform Module provide a secure execution environment through process separation. The attestation of the target program begins with a program analysis on the source code or the binary code in order to find out the relevant executables and data objects. Whenever such a data object is accessed or a relevant executable is invoked due to the execution of the target program, its state is measured for attestation. Our scheme not only testifies to a program's execution, but also supports fine-granularity attestations and information flow checking.
Sequential deregulation of NK cell subset distribution and function starting in acute HIV-1 infection (2005)

Natural killer (NK) cells are critical in the first-line defense against viral infections. Chronic HIV-1 infection leads to a perturbation in the NK cell compartment, yet the kinetics of this deregulation and the functional consequences are unclear. Here, we characterized changes in the NK cell compartment longitudinally by multiparameter flow cytometry, starting in acute HIV-1 infection. Acute HIV-1 infection was associated with elevated NK cell numbers, with an expansion of CD3(neg)CD56(dim)CD16(pos) NK cells and an early depletion of CD3(neg)CD56(bright)CD16(neg) NK cells. Ongoing viral replication resulted in a depletion of CD3(neg)CD56(dim)CD16(pos) NK cells with a paralleled increase in functionally anergic CD3(neg)CD56(neg)CD16(pos) NK cells, accompanied by reduced functional activity, as measured by CD107a expression and cytokine secretion. Taken together, these studies demonstrate a sequential impairment of NK cell function with persistent viral replication resulting from a progressive deregulation of NK cell subsets with distinct functional properties.
Cutting Edge: Lymphoproliferative Disease in the Absence of CTLA-4 Is Not T Cell Autonomous (1999)

Mice deficient for the expression of CTLA-4 develop a lethal lymphoproliferative syndrome and multiorgan inflammation leading to death at about 4 wk of age. Here we show that RAG2-deficient mice reconstituted with CTLA-4-deficient bone marrow do not develop a lymphoproliferative syndrome despite lymphocyte infiltration mainly into pericardium and liver. Moreover, RAG2-deficient mice reconstituted with a mixture of normal and CTLA-4-deficient bone marrow remain healthy and do not develop any disease. Thus, the lethal disease observed in CTLA-4-deficient mice is not T cell autonomous and can be prevented by factors produced by normal T cells.
RAIM Availability for GPS Augmented with Barometric Altimeter Aiding and Clock Coasting<sup>1</sup> (1993)

In late 1991, the FAA formed a group called the Satellite Operational Implementation Team to accelerate the introduction of satellite navigation and communications into the National Airspace System (NAS). Since then, the team has been addressing major technical and operational issues that need to be resolved before GPS is used in instrument flight rules (IFR) operations in the NAS. One of the most critical criteria for the operational approval of near-term use of GPS in the NAS is availability of receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) detection and identification functions. To improve RAIM availability, SOFT members suggested that relatively simple GPS augmentations in the form of barometric altimeter aiding and clock coasting be considered. This paper analyzes GPS RAIM availability with these augmentations and presents the technical analyses used by the team to support its recommendations.
NON-OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES (1935)

DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY OF THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI AND OF THE CINCINNATI GENERAL HOSPITAL
The replication of DNA in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1958)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Optimizing NUCA Organizations and Wiring Alternatives for Large Caches with CACTI 6.0 (2007)

A significant part of future microprocessor real estate will be dedicated to 12 or 13 caches. These on-chip caches will heavily impact processor performance, power dissipation, and thermal management strategies. There are a number of interconnect design considerations that influence power/performance/area characteristics of large caches, such as wire models (width/spacing/repeaters), signaling strategy (RC/differential/transmission), router design, etc. Yet, to date, there exists no analytical tool that takes all of these parameters into account to carry out a design space exploration for large caches and estimate an optimal organization. In this work, we implement two major extensions to the CACTI cache modeling tool that focus on interconnect design for a large cache. First, we add the ability to model different types of wires, such as RC-based wires with different power/delay characteristics and differential low-swing buses. Second, we add the ability to model non-uniform cache access (NUCA). We not only adopt state-of-the-art design space exploration strategies for NUCA, we also enhance this exploration by considering on-chip network contention and a wider spectrum of wiring and routing choices. We present a validation analysis of the new tool (to be released as CACTI 6.0) and present a case study to showcase how the tool can improve architecture research methodologies.