gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cathodic protection of bridge decks: a study of three Ontario bridges (1976)

Many concrete bridge decks are being damaged by surface spalling or internal delaminations caused by corrosion of the reinforcing steel. Cathodic protection can be applied to bridge decks to stop this type of damage. Cathodic protection was applied to three bridge decks in Ontario: two slab decks on AASHTO beams and a voided, posttensioned structure. Each deck was equipped with resistance probes, which showed that the corrosion of the reinforcing steel was stopped when cathodic protection was applied. The bridges were studied to determine the minimum potential required and the most advantageous electrode configuration and spacing for adequate protection. The technique for measuring the polarized potential on the steel was studied, and probes buried in the conductive layer were found to be more effective than half-cell measurements. Data for all three bridges are presented. The protection on the first two of these bridges has been operated successfully for 1 year, and that on the third bridge has been operated successfully for 9 months.
Searching SCORM metadata in a RDF-based e-learning P2P network using XQuery and Query by example (2004)

The SCORM (sharable content object reference model) metadata information model is a reference to the IMS learning resource metadata information model, which itself is based on the IEEE 1484.12.1 LOM (learning object metadata) standard. Since the LOM standard possesses a rather complex data model consisting of over 60 metadata entries, searching SCORM metadata has to overcome several challenges to both queries' run-time performance and efficient, user-friendly query GUI (graphical user interface) design. Furthermore, because we start from Edutella, a RDF-based e-learning P2P (Peer-to-Peer) network, we also have to address the incompatibility between the SCORM Metadata data model and the RDF data model, as well as the syntax incompatibility between XML and RDF. We propose an approach for searching SCORM metadata in Edutella, which addresses aforementioned challenges through using an XQuery-enabled triple-like SCORM metadata data view and a QBE (query by example) based SCORM query GUI. While the triple-like data view efficiently bridges the SCORM metadata data model and the RDF data model, and at the same time greatly improves queries' run-time performance, the QBE-based SCORM query GUI facilitates the query construction process.
Distributed and Prioritised Scheduling to Implement Carrier Aggregation in LTE Advanced Systems (2014)

LTE-Advanced systems support multi-carrier with non-contiguous, asymmetric and cross band-class operations to ensure full flexibility of the spectral deployment. The component carriers employed in Spectrum Aggregation need not to be adjacent and symmetric. However they could be in different frequency bands. The eNodeB or UE in the LTE-Advanced systems that adopts Spectrum Aggregation simultaneously transmit and receive data using non-adjacent carriers. The component carriers in different frequency bands are aggregated into a wider bandwidth, LTE-Advanced UE can share the overall wider bandwidth. Each user can use RBs of all the component carriers simultaneously. There are two possible scheduler structures for Spectrum Aggregation. Priority based decision require proposed modification in joint queue scheduler. This research paper aimed to focus on thorough investigation of carrier aggregation, scheduler structures and finally ends at a conclusion by proposing a new idea of an improved scheduler structure for carrier aggregation.
On the Connections Between Universal Hashing, Combinatorial Designs and Error-Correcting Codes (1995)

In this primarily expository paper, we discuss the connections between two popular and useful tools in theoretical computer science, namely, universal hashing and pairwise independent random variables; and classical combinatorial stuctures such as error-correcting codes, balanced incomplete block designs, difference matrices and orthogonal arrays. 1 Introduction The concept known as &quot;universal hashing&quot; was invented by Carter and Wegman [5] in 1979. In [29, p. 18], Avi Wigderson characterizes universal hashing as being a tool which &quot;should belong to the fundamental bag of tricks of every computer scientist&quot;. This is no exaggeration, as there are probably well in excess of fifty papers in theoretical computer science that employ universal hashing as an important tool. Several of the most attractive applications are outlined in the the lecture notes [29]. A closely related topic goes by several names: &quot;strongly universal hashing &quot; [27], &quot;two-point based sampling&quot; [6], and &quot;pairwise indep...
High speed CNC system design. Part III: high speed tracking and contouring control of feed drives (2001)

A servo control system capable of delivering rapid and accurate feed motion is a necessity for high speed machine tools. The control law must be designed to provide a high tracking bandwidth as well as adequate disturbance rejection and parameter variation robustness, in order minimize the following errors in each axis. This also contributes to the minimization of the contour errors in the machined part. This paper provides a systematic approach for designing such a control law. Position, velocity, and disturbance estimates are obtained using a Kalman filter. The feedback loop is closed using a pole placement controller with disturbance cancellation, in order to counteract the detrimental effects of friction, cutting forces, and drive parameter variations. The overall tracking bandwidth is widened by compensating for the closed loop dynamics in a feedforward manner. Also, the tracking errors due to friction transients at the corners and arc quadrants are reduced by precompensating for the expected friction forces. The contribution of each component in the control scheme to the contouring accuracy has been experimentally verified, and the overall contouring performance has been demonstrated in high speed machining tests. The experimental results were obtained using the smooth trajectory generation algorithm and identified axis and friction models which have been presented in Parts I and II respectively, of this paper.
Breast cancer screening in the over 70s (2010)

Purpose To validate the predictive power for determining breast cancer risk of an automated breast density measurement system with full-fi eld digital mammography (FFDM). Materials and methods Two hundred cancers and 200 controls were imaged with FFDM. Density was measured separately on MLO and CC images using an integral automated volumetric breast density measurement system (Hologic, Quantra). For each cancer, the contralateral mammogram was used. Each cancer was matched to a control case by date of birth, age at examination and laterality of mammogram used for density determination. Breast density (percentage of fi broglandular tissue) was analyzed by Quantra. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression to determine the eff ect on breast cancer risk.
Intensity of stimulation and rod and cone response in clinical electroretinography. (1978)

We exposed adult Rhesus monkeys who were fully dark adapted to paired flashes of white light which increased in intensity by increments of 0.1 log. units. As intensity increased, the amplitudes of both the cone and rod systems increased while the implicit times decreased so that the responses overlapped. High intensities produce a complex waveform which prevents separation of the rod and cone components or timing of the peaks. On the other hand, low intensities separate the early and late receptor potentials (L.R.P.) of cones and rods well and make it easy to time normal and pathological variations.
Geomicrobiology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents (1985)

During the cycling of seawater through the earth's crust along the mid-ocean ridge system, geothermal energy is transferred into chemical energy in the form of reduced inorganic compounds. These compounds are derived from the reaction of seawater with crustal rocks at high temperatures and are emitted from warm (</=25 degrees C) and hot ( approximately 350 degrees C) submarine vents at depths of 2000 to 3000 meters. Chemolithotrophic bacteria use these reduced chemical species as sources of energy for the reduction of carbon dioxide (assimilation) to organic carbon. These bacteria form the base of the food chain, which permits copious populations of certain specifically adapted invertebrates to grow in the immediate vicinity of the vents. Such highly prolific, although narrowly localized, deep-sea communities are thus maintained primarily by terrestrial rather than by solar energy. Reduced sulfur compounds appear to represent the major electron donors for aerobic microbial metabolism, but methane-, hydrogen-, iron-, and manganese-oxidizing bacteria have also been found. Methanogenic, sulfur-respiring, and extremely thermophilic isolates carry out anaerobic chemosynthesis. Bacteria grow most abundantly in the shallow crust where upwelling hot, reducing hydrothermal fluid mixes with downwelling cold, oxygenated seawater. The predominant production of biomass, however, is the result of symbiotic associations between chemolithotrophic bacteria and certain invertebrates, which have also been found as fossils in Cretaceous sulfide ores of ophiolite deposits.
In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of Iclaprim in Human Plasma (2009)

This study evaluated the effect of human plasma on the in vitro bactericidal activity of the novel diaminopyrimidine iclaprim against methicillin (meticillin)-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of iclaprim, with approximately 93% protein binding, were similar in the absence and in the presence of 50% human plasma; MICs and MBCs ranged from 0.06 to 0.125 microg/ml. Furthermore, the activity of iclaprim was not affected by plasma, with > or = 99.9% reduction in CFU after 5.0 to 7.6 h.
Polymerization of monomers containing functional silyl groups. 11. Anionic living polymerization of 3-(tri-2-propoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of monomers containing functional silyl groups. 11. Anionic living polymerization of 3-(tri-2-propoxysilyl)propyl methacrylateHiroyuki Ozaki, Akira Hirao, and Seiichi NakahamaCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 5, 1391–1395Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00031a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00031a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views783Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Adaptive linear prediction filtering for random noise attenuation (2009)

We propose an algorithm to compute time and space variant prediction filters for signal‐to‐noise ratio enhancement. Prediction filtering for seismic signal enhancement is, in general, implemented via filters that are estimated from the inversion of a system of equations in the or domain. In addition, prediction error filters are applied in small windows where the data can be modeled via a finite number of plane waves. Our algorithm, on the other hand, does not require the inversion of matrices. Furthermore, it does not require spatio‐temporal windowing; the algorithm is implemented via a recursive scheme where the filter is continuously adapted to predict the signal. We postulate the prediction problem as a local smoothing problem and use a quadratic constraint to avoid solutions that model the noise. The algorithm uses a recursive implementation where the prediction filter for a given observation point is estimated via a simple rule. It turns out that the proposed algorithm is equivalent to the LMS (Least Mean Squares) filter often used for adaptive filtering. It is important to mention, however, that our derivation follows the framework that it is often used to solve underdetermined linear inverse problems. The latter involves the minimization of a cost function that includes a quadratic constraint to guarantee a stable solution. Synthetic and real data examples are used to test the algorithm. In particular, a field data test shows that adaptive filtering could offer an efficient and versatile alternative to classical deconvolution filtering.
HDRFusion: HDR SLAM Using a Low-Cost Auto-Exposure RGB-D Sensor (2016)

Most dense RGB/RGB-D SLAM systems require the brightness of 3-D points observed from different viewpoints to be constant. However, in reality, this assumption is difficult to meet even when the surface is Lambertian and illumination is static. One cause is that most cameras automatically tune exposure to adapt to the wide dynamic range of scene radiance, violating the brightness assumption. We describe a novel system - HDRFusion - which turns this apparent drawback into an advantage by fusing LDR frames into an HDR textured volume using a standard RGB-D sensor with auto-exposure (AE) enabled. The key contribution is the use of a normalised metric for frame alignment which is invariant to changes in exposure time. This enables robust tracking in frame-to-model mode and also compensates the exposure accurately so that HDR texture, free of artefacts, can be generated online. We demonstrate that the tracking robustness and accuracy is greatly improved by the approach and that radiance maps can be generated with far greater dynamic range of scene radiance.
SAFETY STANDARDS FOR AUTOMOBILES: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE (1965)

Historically, all means of travel except the automobile have been regulated by the Federal Government for many years. Safety standards were established by federal legislation for the railroads in 1893, for airplanes in 1926, and for the trucking industry in 1936. Until 1962, safety standards for automobiles were entirely in the hands of state legislatures. Control was limited, lacked uniformity and lagged far behind research findings. In 1962, Congress established safety standards for brake fluids and in 1963 standards for seat belts. These were small but significant steps in the establishment of federal safety standards. A milestone was established in 1964, when the Eighty-eighth Congress passed the Roberts Law establishing safety standards for government purchased cars. This law is the first attempt of Congress and the Federal Government to establish broad safety standards for the automobile industry. The law has required the General Services Administration to determine and publish specific safety standards.
Robust observations for object tracking (2005)

It is a difficult task to find an observation model that will perform well for long-term visual tracking. In this paper, we propose an adaptive observation enhancement technique based on likelihood images, which are derived from multiple visual features. The most discriminative likelihood image is extracted by principal component analysis (PCA) and incrementally updated frame by frame to reduce temporal tracking error. In the particle filter framework, the feasibility of each sample is computed using this most discriminative likelihood image before the observation process. Integral image is employed for efficient computation of the feasibility of each sample. We illustrate how our enhancement technique contributes to more robust observations through demonstrations.
CRTAM Receptor Engagement by Necl-2 on Tumor Cells Triggers Cell Death of Activated Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells (2013)

Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exert potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities, making them promising candidates for immunotherapy strategies. Recognition of tumor cells by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells requires engagement of the TCR and/or NK receptors. Recently, one of the novel NK receptors, the class I-restricted T cell-associated molecule (CRTAM), has been described to promote cytotoxic function of NK cells and to lead to IFN-γ secretion by CD8(+) T cells through interaction with its ligand, Necl-2. A better understanding of the role of CRTAM in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell functions is highly relevant to optimize innate-like T cell-based cancer immunotherapy. In this article, we report that CRTAM is transiently expressed on activated Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes following TCR engagement. However, CRTAM-Necl-2 interaction does not modify the cytotoxic function or IFN-γ secretion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. The expression of CRTAM in activated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells is quickly downregulated following interaction with Necl-2 on tumor cells. Of interest, CRTAM is concurrently acquired at the cell surface of Necl-2(+) tumor cells through Vγ9Vδ2 T cell membrane capture. Finally, we highlight that coculture experiments with tumor cells expressing Necl-2 result in significant cell death of CRTAM(+) Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. CRTAM-mediated cell death is dependent on an autophagic process, but not on apoptosis or necroptosis, as attested by the expression of characteristic markers and blocking experiments with specific inhibitors. On the basis of these findings, we propose that Necl-2 on tumor cells represents a new tumor counterattack mechanism and a potential target to improve efficiency of γδ T cell-based immunotherapy.
Methylated DNA Sequences in Genomic Imprinting (2000)

Genomic imprinting is a special form of epigenetic system that determines the parent-of-origin-specific, or monoallelic, expression of a small number of genes, termed "imprinted" genes. Considerable sequence and methylation analysis of imprinted genes has revealed a common theme: Regions of allele-specific methylation inherited from the gametes, or primary differentially methylated regions (DMRs), are associated with CpG islands and repeat elements, and this overall structure suggests functional significance. For at least three imprinted genes the sequence of the primary DMR constitutes an element able to regulate gene activity in cis--a chromatin insulator and a promoter of an antisense transcript. In these cases the unique feature of imprinting appears to be in the ability to switch the regulatory capacity of these elements on or off by the absence or presence of inherited methylation. Increasing evidence therefore suggests that genomic imprinting for at least some genes constitutes the regulation of gene regulatory elements by methylation. An important challenge now is to determine how the differential methylation of primary DMR sequences is established in the germ line. If methylation is the primary imprint, then the processes establishing it are the primary imprinting mechanisms. Trans-acting factors that are expressed in one sex of germ line and not the other are likely to be involved, and their ability to methylate may be mediated through repeat elements associated with the sequence of primary DMRs.
Unusual proliferation arrest and transcriptional control properties of a newly discovered E2F family member, E2F-6 (1998)

E2F transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression. We report here the cloning and characterization of an additional member of this family, E2F-6. E2F-6 lacks pocket protein binding and transactivation domains, and it is a potent transcriptional repressor that contains a modular repression domain at its carboxyl terminus. Overproduction of E2F-6 had no specific effect on cell cycle progression in asynchronously growing Saos2 and NIH 3T3 cells, but it inhibited entry into S phase of NIH 3T3 cells stimulated to exit G0. Taken together, these data suggest that E2F-6 can regulate a subset of E2F-dependent genes whose products are required for entry into the cell cycle but not for normal cell cycle progression.
Preserving insulin secretion in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2008)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease characterized by insulin resistance and a progressive decline in β-cell function and mass. Current evidence suggests that β-cell dysfunction is present early in the course of the disease and that this dysfunction, rather than insulin resistance, is primarily responsible for the progression of T2DM. β-cell dysfunction can be accelerated by glucose toxicity, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, chronic increases in inflammatory mediators and, potentially, the use of sulfonylureas. This review suggests that future efforts to limit the impact of T2DM must focus on strategies to preserve β-cell function. Several interventions have shown promise in this regard, including lifestyle modifications, thiazolidinediones, potassium channel openers, incretin mimetics, cytokine antagonists, bariatric surgery and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, although therapeutic insulin remains the most robust and physiological approach.
Erratum: “Hydrogen storage in single-walled carbon nanotubes” [Appl. Phys. Lett. <b>76</b>, 2877 (2000)] (2002)

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HospiT'Win: A Predictive Simulation-Based Digital Twin for Patients Pathways in Hospital (2019)

Hospitals are starting to move away from traditional based-systems to the information technology based-systems. Today, Internet of Things (IoT), Body Sensor Network (BSN), Modeling, Simulation, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are core technology elements that will be used in hospital of the future to improve the quality of patient care. Collecting the patient's data and monitoring their states and behavior became mandatory to improve their care. This paper proposes a novel framework for supporting the hospital of the future named HospiT'Win. This framework uses the core technology elements mentioned above to create a digital twin, that is a virtual replica of the hospital, allowing the health care providers to trace the patient's pathways data, monitor their behaviors, and predict their near future outcomes. So that, they can provide the right care in a right place, and in a right time. The paper explains in details the main components, the structure, and the way to synchronize the state and the behavior of the digital twin with the patients pathways in the real hospital. In case of unexpected events, HospiT'Win predicts the near future to see their impact on the real hospital. Moreover, it provides the possible solutions to minimize the impact of these events to preserve the quality of health care inside the hospital.
Early Outcome of a Randomized Comparison of Off-Pump and On-Pump Multiple Arterial Coronary Revascularization (2005)

Off-pump CABG with multiple arterial grafts was as safe as the conventional on-pump CABG, with similar completeness of revascularization and early graft patency.