gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mobile code toolkit for adaptive mobile applications (2002)

Cellular and wireless communication, portable computers and satellite services promise mobile users to have access to information anywhere and anytime. However, mobile computing is characterized by many constraints: small, slow, battery-powered portable devices, variable and low-bandwidth communication links. Together, they complicate the design of mobile information systems and require rethinking traditional approaches to information access and application design. The relative resource shortage of portable devices as well as their lower trust and robustness argue for reliance on static servers. The need to cope with unreliable and low-performance networks, as well as the need to be sensitive to power consumption argues for self-reliance. Any feasible approach to mobile computing must strike a balance between these competing issues. This balance cannot be static as the environment of mobile computing changes, it must react, or in other words, the applications must be adaptive. We propose an approach for adaptive mobile applications based on mobile code. To demonstrate our ideas, we are developing a mobile code toolkit and implemented a resource-intense application, an MP3 player.
Highly selective CO2 capture on N-doped carbon produced by chemical activation of polypyrrole functionalized graphene sheets (2011)

N-doped porous carbon produced via chemical activation of polypyrrole functionalized graphene sheets shows selective adsorption of CO(2) (4.3 mmol g(-1)) over N(2) (0.27 mmol g(-1)) at 298 K. The potential for large scale production and facile regeneration makes this material useful for industrial applications.
Transient Mass-Loss Events in the PG 1159 Central Star of Longmore 4 (2008)

A spectacular, transient mass-loss event in the hydrogen-deficient central star of the planetary nebula Longmore 4 was discovered in 1992 by Werner et al. During that event, the star temporarily changed from its normal PG 1159 spectrum to that of an emission-line [WCE] star. I have been monitoring the spectrum of Lo 4 since 2003. Out of 31 spectra, two of them reveal mass-loss outbursts similar to the one seen in 1992, showing that the phenomenon recurs. I speculate on possible mechanisms for these unique outbursts, but emphasize that we still have no fully convincing explanation.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Correlating TOF-Camera Systems (2007)

This thesis investigates Time-of-Flight (TOF) 3D imaging systems. A mathematical model is developed to predict the systematic errors and statistical uncertainties of such cameras. In order to determine the errors experimentally and to test the model, a custom experimental setup has been built for this work. Chapter 2 provides a detailed discussion of this experimental setup. Three camera systems are investigated experimentally: the PMD[vision] 19k, the SwissRanger SR-3000) and the Effector O3D. All cameras have a maximum measurement range of 7.5 m. This thesis discusses the experiments, the results and the implication of this tests and concludes with a critical discussion of the results. Possible ways to correct the revealed systematic errors is presented in the discussion. This work reveals three common systematic errors: the variation due to the anharmonic LED modulation provokes a periodic depth error of around 80-200 mm (depending on camera), the inhomogeneity of the pixels accounts for around 20 mm and the constant offset depending on the integration time was found to vary between 35-100 mm. The statistical variances at 30% of the maximum amplitude was found to be between 9 mm and 23 mm. Moreover, a technique to detect and remove overexposed pixels whenever possible is presented. With the proposed calibration, the absolute systematic error could be reduced in a sample calibration for the SwissRanger SR-3000 from maximal 300 mm (standard deviation: 40.81 mm) to below 16 mm (standard deviation: 3.16 mm) for all well exposed pixels. This work has been done within the framework of the Lynkeus-3D project (http://www.lynkeus-3d.de) supported by the BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) and in close cooperation with industry partners. The investigations of this work led to the detection and the mending of a construction error in one of the camera systems.
Association of high-throughput RNAi and drug screening with candidate novel therapeutic targets in esophageal carcinoma. (2013)

31 Background: Oesophageal cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and carries a poor prognosis. Targeted therapeutic strategies have relied on the identification of genes which are amplified and overexpressed but the discrimination between genes which drive cancer and those that are coincidental has not yet been fully achieved. Methods: We carried out a functional genetic screen of 714 kinases in 18 tumour cell line models of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to identify genes critical to the survival of specific oesophageal subtypes. High throughput drug screening of 80 compounds, largely comprising those used in clinical trials or in routine clinical practice, was undertaken in parallel to reveal druggable targets and to validate functional screening results. Results: We show proof of principle that the integration of functional and drug profiling results with molecular profiling data is a valid approach for identifying druggable targets by correlating the effects of ERBB2, EGFR and CDK6 gene knockdown with sensitivity to drugs targeting their respective proteins. We have characterised new genetic dependencies for EAC involving TGF beta signalling and the JAK/STAT pathway. Decreased cell viability associated with silencing of ACVR2 and ACVR1C (activin receptors involved in TGF beta signalling) was consistent with sensitivity to nilotinib, a cABL inhibitor that modulates TGF beta signalling. Furthermore, decreased cell viability in EAC models was observed with silencing of JAK2. This strongly correlated with sensitivity to PF-04691502 and BEZ 235, both potent inhibitors of PI3K/mTOR which signal downstream of JAK2. We have validated novel sensitivity to small molecule tankyrase inhibitors in a subgroup of oesophageal models, suggesting that a subset of Wnt dependent oesophageal cancers could be targeted with these agents. Conclusions: The molecular and functional genetics of oesophageal cancer is poorly understood. By generating functional viability and drug sensitivity data for a panel of oesophageal tumour cell lines, we have identified new genetic dependencies and candidate drug targets for this aggressive disease.
Structural Requirements for the Antifungal Activities of Natural Drimane Sesquiterpenes and Analogues, Supported by Conformational and Electronic Studies (2013)

Seventeen drimanes including polygodial (1), isopolygodial (2), drimenol (3) and confertifolin (4) obtained from natural sources and the semi-synthetic derivatives 5-17 obtained from 1-3, were evaluated in vitro for antifungal properties against a unique panel of fungi with standardized procedures by using two end-points, MIC(100) and MIC(50). A SAR analysis of the whole series, supported by conformational and electronic studies, allowed us to show that the Δ7,8 -double bond would be one of the key structural features related to the antifungal activity. The MEPs obtained for active compounds exhibit a clear negative minimum value (deep red zone) in the vicinity of the Δ7,8 -double bond, which is not present in the inactive ones. Apart of this negative zone, a positive region (deep blue) appears in 1, which is not observed either in its epimer 2 nor in the rest of the active compounds. The LogP of active compounds varies between 2.33 and 3.84, but differences in MICs are not correlated with concomitant variations in LogP values.
The Specialized Mappings Architecture (2003)

A probabilistic, nonlinear supervised learning model is proposed: the Specialized Mappings Architecture (SMA). The SMA employs a set of several forward mapping functions that are estimated automatically from training data. Each specialized function maps certain domains of the input space (e.g., image features) onto the output space (e.g., articulated body parameters). The SMA can model ambiguous, one-to-many mappings that may yield multiple valid output hypotheses. Once learned, the mapping functions generate a set of output hypotheses for a given input via a statistical inference procedure. The SMA inference procedure incorporates an inverse mapping or feedback function in evaluating the likelihood of each of the hypothesis. Possible feedback functions include computer graphics rendering routines that can generate images for given hypotheses. The SMA employs a variant of the ExpectationMaximization algorithm for simultaneous learning of the specialized domains along with the mapping functions, and approximate strategies for inference. The framework is demonstrated in a computer vision system that can estimate the articulated pose parameters of a human’s body or hands, given silhouettes from a single image. The accuracy and stability of the SMA are also tested using synthetic images of human bodies and hands, where ground truth is known.
Formation of Two-Dimensional Homologous Faults and Oxygen Electrocatalytic Activities in a Perovskite Nickelate (2017)

Atomic-scale direct probing of active sites and subsequent elucidation of the structure-activity relationship are important issues involving oxide-based electrocatalysts to achieve better electrochemical conversion efficiency. By generating Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) two-dimensional homologous faults via simple control of the cation nonstoichiometry in LaNiO<sub>3</sub> thin films, we demonstrate that strong tetragonal distortion of [NiO<sub>6</sub>] octahedra is induced by more than 20% elongation of Ni-O bonds in the faults. In addition to direct visualization of the elongation by scanning transmission electron microscopy, we identify that the distorted [NiO<sub>6</sub>] octahedra in the faults show considerably higher electrocatalytic activities than other surface sites during the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction. This unequivocal evidence of the octahedral distortion and its impact on electrocatalysis in LaNiO<sub>3</sub> suggests that the formation of RP-type faults can provide an efficient way to control the octahedral geometry and thereby remarkably enhance the oxygen catalytic performance of perovskite oxides.
<title>Augmented vision system for industrial applications</title> (1995)

This paper describes the major components of the grasp augmented vision system. Grasp is an object-oriented system written in C++, which provides an environment both for exploring the basic technologies of augmented vision, and for developing applications that demonstrate the capabilities of these technologies. The hardware components of grasp include video cameras, 6-D tracking devices, a frame grabber, a 3-D graphics workstation, a scan converter, and a video mixer. The major software components consist of classes that implement geometric models, rendering algorithms, calibration methods, file I/O, a user interface, and event handling.
Rapid spot test for the determination of esculin hydrolysis (1976)

Esculin hydrolysis is a useful test in the differentiation of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria covering a wide spectrum of aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and anaerobes. Commonly utilized methods require a minimum of 18 h of incubation in broth or agar medium and utilize the production of a brown-black compound, due to the combination of ferric ions with the hydrolysis product esculetin, as indicator. A procedure is presented that requires 15 to 30 min for completion and utilizes fluorescence loss as the indicator of hydrolysis. Esculin fluoresces at 366 nm, whereas the hydrolysis product esculetin does not. Over 1,400 strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were tested. There was 98.4% of correlation between the spot test and esculin broth and 97% correlation with the bile-esculin agar.
Characterization of odour active compounds in strawberry vinegars (2012)

ABSTRACT Odour‐active compounds in strawberry vinegars were determined by gas chromatography equipped with an olfactometer using the modified frequency (MF) technique. The initial strawberry substrate was also analysed showing that ethyl 2‐methylbutyrate, mesifurane, β ‐damascenone, furaneol and γ ‐decalactone were preserved during the double fermentation process, presenting high MF values. The final aromatic profile of strawberry vinegars is formed both by compounds from the substrate and by those formed during alcoholic and acetous fermentation. Due to their high MF, a total of 12 odour zones, identified as acetic, butyric and isovaleric acids, methional, 3‐nonen‐2‐one, 2‐phenylethanol, pantolactone + furaneol, p ‐vinylguaiacol, sotolon, phenylacetic acid and vanillin, were considered as possible impact odorants of strawberry vinegars. Finally, all potential impact odorants with similar sensory descriptors were grouped into eight categories, these being: fruity, sweet, grassy, spicy, butter–lactic–cheesy, chemical, empyreumatic and miscellaneous. According to the MF percentage of these categories, grassy, fruity, sweet and spicy aroma seem to have the highest influence on the overall impression of strawberry vinegars. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure and property relationships in ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers (1971)

Abstract The effects of vinyl acetate content on crystallinity of ethylene–vinyl acetate (E/VA) copolymers were investigated by x‐ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The values of these parameters obtained from DTA were found to agree quantitatively with data calculated from x‐ray, probability equations, and copolymer theory. The melting points of the crystalline copolymers, and the molar amounts of vinyl acetate to produce a completely amorphous rubber corresponds exactly to that predicted by the Flory theory. The random character expected in E/VA copolymers is thereby confirmed. The physical properties of E/VA copolymers of all ranges of compositions and crystallinity were determined. Depending directly upon vinyl acetate content, the copolymers changed progressively from highly crystalline polyethylene to semicrystalline polyethylene, a completely amorphous rubber, a soft plastic with a glass transition near room temperature. Properties which were correlated with copolymer composition include: crystallinity, melting point, density, modulus, tensile strength, glass transition, and solubility. Finally, the effect on crystallinity and physical properties of replacing the acetoxy group in E/VA with the smaller, highly polar hydroxyl group (ethylene—vinyl alcohol copolymer) was also investigated.
Antitumoral Property of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis in Mice-Bearing Ehrlich Carcinoma, as Compared to Bleomycin (1989)

Antitumoral effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) was demonstrated in mature mice-bearing Ehrlich carcinoma. Survival rate after EEP treatment was compared to that of bleomycin, given alone or in combination every two days for 36 days and followed up for 14 additional days. The survival rate at 50 days was 55% after EEP and 40% after bleomycin, while all the mice-treated with EEP + bleomycin combination demonstrated shorter survival than the controls. It is concluded that while the in vivo activity of bleomycin is reduced in the presence of cytochrome-C-reductase inhibitors (like some of the EEP components are), the antitumoral property of EEP in the tumored animal model studied is significant and lasting.
Magnolias at the Scott Arboretum of Swarthmore College (2010)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
A non-destructive damage detection method for reinforced concrete structures based on modal strain energy (2010)

In recent years, much research and development has been carried out on the use of vibration characteristics to detect structural damage in various types of structures. Being a type of the widely developed methods, the vibrations based damage detection methods, in particular modal based methods, are found to be promising in assessing the “health” condition of a structure in terms of locating and quantifying damage. However, despite of advances in vibration based damage detection methods of numerical simulations and some laboratory experimental implementations, very limited progress has been reported in field applications. The main obstacles in field applications are associated with the uncertainties, such as measurement noise, processing errors and error due to limited measurement points. In addition, the complexity of civil structures and/or materials further undermines the effectiveness and reliability of developed damage detection methods. This is evident by the fact that much less research and development has been reported for timber or reinforced concrete structures in terms of damage detection. It is therefore necessary to investigate effects of measurement noise, processing errors and errors due to limited measurement points on damage detection and develop a new robust and reliable method to locate and quantify damage in reinforced concrete structures. The aim of this PhD research work is to formulate a new non-destructive modal based damage detection method that is robust and reliable to evaluate the “state of health” for a reinforced concrete (RC) structure by investigating its capability to locate and to estimate severity of damage based on modal strain energy of a RC beam before and after damage. The new method is based on combination of mode shapes and mode shape curvatures from the undamaged and damaged states making the method more robust and less vulnerable to noise compared with other existing modal based damage detection methods that are either based only on mode shape or mode shape curvature. Numerical studies that utilises finite element (FE) models of reinforced concrete beams were employed to investigate the effectiveness and the reliability of the proposed damage detection method. The FE model of a reinforced concrete beam was created
Accelerated elimination of N. brasiliensis from the small intestine after auto-anti-IgE induction. (1987)

Immunization of rats with a purified IgE myeloma (IR2) induced an auto-anti-IgE response. Such treatment inhibited total IgE levels in the serum of conventional IgE-producing rats (Marshall & Bell, 1985) and increased the number of mucosal mast cells (MMC) in the intestine. The present study has investigated the ability of auto-anti-IgE induction to influence the course of a Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection, to modify IgE synthesis, or to affect the number of MMC in the intestine following infection. Auto-anti-IgE induction was found to have a surprising effect on worm elimination. IR2-immunized rats were able to rid themselves of this nematode with an accelerated tempo--a small but significant effect after primary infection, but a substantial enhancement of worm loss after reinfection. Auto-anti-IgE induction was not able to prevent the typical increase in IgE that accompanies an N. brasiliensis infection, nor did it alter the helminth-induced intestinal mastocytosis. When MMC degranulation was measured by assaying the serum levels of a specific rat mast protease (RMCP II) following secondary infection, the amount of RMCP II released was less in auto-anti-IgE-producing rats. These findings have implications for the importance of IgE, MMC and other cells of inflammation in an anti-parasitic response.
The Drosophila Numb protein inhibits signaling of the Notch receptor during cell-cell interaction in sensory organ lineage. (1996)

Specification of unequal daughter cell fates in the Drosophila external sense organ lineage requires asymmetric localization of the intrinsic determinant Numb as well as cell-cell interactions mediated by the Delta ligand and Notch receptor. Previous genetic studies indicated that numb acts upstream of Notch, and biochemical studies revealed that Numb can bind Notch. For a functional assay of the action of Numb on Notch signaling, we expressed these proteins in cultured Drosophila cells and used nuclear translocation of Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)] as a reporter for Notch activity. We found that Numb interfered with the ability of Notch to cause nuclear translocation of Su(H); both the C-terminal half of the phosphotyrosine binding domain and the C terminus of Numb are required to inhibit Notch. Overexpression of Numb during wing development, which is sensitive to Notch dosage, revealed that Numb is also able to inhibit the Notch receptor in vivo. In the external sense organ lineage, the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Numb was found to be essential for the function but not for asymmetric localization of Numb. Our results suggest that Numb determines daughter cell fates in the external sense organ lineage by inhibiting Notch signaling.
Semantic video indexing (1999)

Providing concept level access to video data requires, video management systems tailored to the domain of the data. Effective indexing and retrieval for high-level access mandates the use of domain knowledge. This paper proposes an approach based on the use of knowledge models to building domain specific video information systems. The key issues in such systems are identified and discussed.
Synthesis of Heptakis (2‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin (1976)

Abstract The title compound was prepared by a reaction sequence comprising methylation of heptakis (6‐bromo‐6‐deoxy)‐β‐cyclodextrin by the Kuhn procedure, regeneration of the primary hydroxyl groups from the resulting heptakis(2‐O‐methyl‐6‐bromo‐6‐deoxy)‐β‐dextrin via the 6‐O‐benzoate ester by benzoate exchange and subsequent deesterification. It was proved that the methyl groups in the tetradeca‐O‐methyl ether of β‐dextrin are located 0–2 and 0–6 of the D‐glucose residues.
o-Nitroaryl-bis(5-methylfur-2-yl)methanes as Versatile Synthons for the Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles (1997)

2-Nitroaryldifurylmethanes 1a and 1b, readily available by condensation of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and 6-nitroveratraldehyde with 2-methylfuran, were transformed into indole, cinnoline and benzothiazine-3,1 derivatives. The reduction of 2-nitroaryldifurylmethanes gave the corresponding anilines 2a,b or indole 3 depending on the reaction conditions. A plausible mechanism for the last reaction involving intramolecular heterocyclic addition between a nitroso-group and a furan ring is proposed. Diazotisation of the amine 2b gave a cinnoline derivative - a product of intramolecular oxidative furan ring opening. Treatment of isothiocyanates 7a,b with perchloric acid resulted in a new rearrangement with furan ring migration leading to the 4-Hbenzothiazine-3,1 derivatives.
Approach to control moment gyroscope steering using feedback linearization (1991)

This paper presents an approach for controlling spacecraft equipped with control moment gyroscopes. A technique from feedback linearization theory is used to transform the original nonlinear problem to an equivalent linear form without approximating assumptions. In this form, the spacecraft dynamics appear linearly, and are decoupled from redundancy in the system of gyroscopes. A general approach to distributing control effort among the available actuators is described which includes provisions for redistribution of rotors, explicit bounds in gimbal rates, and guaranteed operation at or near singular configurations. A particular algorithm is developed for systems of double-gimbal devices, and demonstrated in two examples for which existing approaches fail to give adequate performance.