gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
La evaluación del profesorado y la gestión de la calidad de la educación: Hacia un modelo comprensivo de evaluación sistemática de la docencia (2000)

espanolExiste un renovado interes por el estudio de la evaluacion del profesorado como ingrediente fundamental en la mejora de la escuela. Este interes proviene del convencimiento que detras de cualquier mejora en la escuela tiene al profesor en su centro de gravedad. En nuestro articulo tratamos de sintetizar la investigacion y las conceptualizaciones existentes sobre la evaluacion del profesorado, haciendo especial enfasis en su relacion con la mejora de la escuela y la gestion de la calidad educativa. Lo hemos estructurado en cuatro apartados. Uno introductorio y otros tres que tratan de explicar las condiciones y las caracteristicas de un modelo comprensivo de evaluacion sistematica de la docencia, asi como indicaciones de como disenarlo adecuadamente. EnglishThere is renewed interest into the role of teacher evaluation as a fundamental aspect of school improvement. This interest comes from the realization that any significant improvement in schooling must have the teacher at his heart.This article synthesizes current research and thinking about teacher evaluation related with school improvement and with educational quality management.The article es organized into 4 parts: an introductory one and 3 that intend to explain the conditions and characteristics for a comprensive model of teacher evaluation system, and how to design it properly.
Ultrafast giant magnetic cooling effect in ferromagnetic Co/Pt multilayers (2017)

The magnetic cooling effect originates from a large change in entropy by the forced magnetization alignment, which has long been considered to be utilized as an alternative environment-friendly cooling technology compared to conventional refrigeration. However, an ultimate timescale of the magnetic cooling effect has never been studied yet. Here, we report that a giant magnetic cooling (up to 200 K) phenomenon exists in the Co/Pt nano-multilayers on a femtosecond timescale during the photoinduced demagnetization and remagnetization, where the disordered spins are more rapidly aligned, and thus magnetically cooled, by the external magnetic field via the lattice-spin interaction in the multilayer system. These findings were obtained by the extensive analysis of time-resolved magneto-optical responses with systematic variation of laser fluence as well as external field strength and direction. Ultrafast giant magnetic cooling observed in the present study can enable a new avenue to the realization of ultrafast magnetic devices.The forced alignment of magnetic moments leads to a large change in entropy, which can be used to reduce the temperature of a material. Here, the authors show that this magnetic cooling effect occurs on a femtosecond time scale in cobalt-platinum nano-multilayers.
Effects of a static stretching program on the incidence of lower extremity musculotendinous strains. (1999)

Our statistical analysis indicates an association between the incorporation of a static stretching program and a decreased incidence of musculotendinous strains in Division III college football players.
On the Curie temperature dependency of the magnetocaloric effect (2012)

We investigate the magnetocaloric effect dependency on the most important microscopic parameters of ferromagnetic materials, such as the Curie temperature (TC), the spin value (J), and the magnetic field change (ΔH). Second- and first-order phase transition systems are considered, using the Bean-Rodbell model [C. P. Bean and D. S. Rodbell, Phys. Rev. 126, 104 (1962)] of magnetovolume interactions on the Weiss mean-field model [P. Weiss, J. Phys. Theory Appl. 6, 661 (1907)]. The magnetocaloric effect simulations show a surprising TC−2/3 linear dependence of the maximum entropy change (ΔSmmax), which is observed for all simulated systems. An approximate state equation establishing the dependence of ΔSmmax on TC, ΔH, J, and the magnetic atoms density (N) is presented. The dependence of maximum magnetic entropy change on TC−2/3 is validated by a wide set of experimental results of second- and first-order phase transition materials that are promising for magnetic refrigeration applications at room temperature.
Hemostatic and Platelet Kinetic Studies in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (1977)

In an attempt to reveal certain aspects of the pathogenesis of the bleeding disorder in dengue hemorrhagic fever, hemostatic and platelet kinetic studies were carried out in 61 children with this disease. As has been shown by others, thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia were the two most prominent hemostatic defects constantly discovered. Increased intravascular clotting seemed to be one responsible factor, though not an outstanding one. This was evidenced by mildly and variably low factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XII, and by mild to moderate increase of fibrin degradation products as well as low platelet counts and fibrinogen. In 11 cases platelet kinetic study revealed increased destruction as a main cause for the thrombocytopenia, most probably due to the underlying immunologic mechanism, i.e., via the immune complexes formed. Another factor was platelet dysfunction--the release of adenosine diphosphate.
Structural Requirements for Recognition of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Core during Host Restriction in Owl Monkey Cells (2004)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of simian cells is restricted at an early postentry step by host factors whose mechanism of action is unclear. These factors target the viral capsid protein (CA) and attenuate reverse transcription, suggesting that they bind to the HIV-1 core and interfere with its uncoating. To identify the relevant binding determinants in the capsid, we tested the capacity of viruses containing Gag cleavage site mutations and amino acid substitutions in CA to inhibit restriction of a wild type HIV-1 reporter virus in owl monkey cells. The results demonstrated that a stable, polymeric capsid and a correctly folded amino-terminal CA subunit interface are essential for saturation of host restriction in target cells by HIV-1 cores. We conclude that the owl monkey cellular restriction machinery recognizes a polymeric array of CA molecules, most likely via direct engagement of the HIV-1 capsid in target cells prior to uncoating.
What do you learn from context? Probing for sentence structure in contextualized word representations (2019)

Contextualized representation models such as ELMo (Peters et al., 2018a) and BERT (Devlin et al., 2018) have recently achieved state-of-the-art results on a diverse array of downstream NLP tasks. Building on recent token-level probing work, we introduce a novel edge probing task design and construct a broad suite of sub-sentence tasks derived from the traditional structured NLP pipeline. We probe word-level contextual representations from four recent models and investigate how they encode sentence structure across a range of syntactic, semantic, local, and long-range phenomena. We find that existing models trained on language modeling and translation produce strong representations for syntactic phenomena, but only offer comparably small improvements on semantic tasks over a non-contextual baseline.
GPU acceleration of MOLAR for HRRT List-Mode OSEM reconstructions (2007)

The Siemens ECAT HRRT PET scanner has the potential to produce images of the human brain with spatial resolution better than 3 mm. MOLAR (a motion-compensation OSEM List-mode Algorithm for Resolution-recovery) was developed to provide reconstructions of HRRT data with the best possible accuracy and precision. However, a computer cluster is required to generate reconstructions in a reasonable amount of time. Strategies for computational efficiency have already been implemented in MOLAR but room for improvement remains. In this study we have begun the process of converting time- consuming components of MOLAR to parallelized code that runs on commodity graphics cards (GPUs) with much faster turnaround. We evaluated the performance of list-mode event forward projections and component-based normalization factor calculations, and we confirmed the numerical accuracy of images reconstructed with GPU-assisted code running on an HP xw8400 workstation with an NVIDIA Quadro FX 4600 graphics card. We evaluated simulated data projected through a 128times128times128 image volume that included the direct calculation of a gaussian resolution function for simulated list-mode events. This was done using the Cg and CUDA programming APIs for implementation comparison. Both GPU versions ran up to 100 times faster than the CPU-only code. The CUDA version showed some improvement over Cg and was easier to program. We also examined measured Ge-68 phantom data projected through a 256times256times207 image volume with resolution functions obtained through array lookup rather than by direct calculation. The GPU-assisted code was observed to be up to 14 times faster than the CPU-only code, particularly when one million or more events were processed. Normalization processing was found to be up to 36 times faster. However, speedup decreased to a factor of 3 when disk I/O became dominant as more than one billion events were processed. We anticipate further acceleration of MOLAR as we convert other components to GPU-assisted code, in particular backprojection and scatter correction. (Backprojection is on hold until a next generation GPU which has atomic write capability becomes available.)
Elimination of spurious solutions from eight-band<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">k</mml:mi><mml:mi>⋅</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">p</mml:mi></mml:math>theory (1997)

A method is developed for eliminating spurious solutions from eight-band $\mathbf{k}\ensuremath{\cdot}\mathbf{p}$ theory. It reduces the bulk dispersion to a cubic equation (quadratic along $〈001〉$ and $〈111〉)$, yet gives results virtually indistinguishable from ordinary $\mathbf{k}\ensuremath{\cdot}\mathbf{p}$ theory. A unique operator ordering is established for heterostructures, and example calculations on superlattices show good results.
Emission Spectra in CdS under High Excitation by Electron Beam (1971)

An additional peak in CdS was observed on the long-wavelength side of the Ex-LO band in the spontaneous emission spectra under high excitation by an electron beam from 82 to 300 °K. The shift of the additional peak from the free-exciton line increased linearly with temperature. The laser emission occurred near the additional peak. The laser-transition mechanism associated with the additional luminescence is discussed.
Flow and Particle Dispersion in a Pulmonary Alveolus—Part II: Effect of Gravity on Particle Transport (2010)

The acinar region of the human lung comprises about 300x10(6) alveoli, which are responsible for gas exchange between the lung and the blood. As discussed in Part I (Chhabra and Prasad, "Flow and Particle Dispersion in a Pulmonary Alveolus-Part I: Velocity Measurements and Convective Particle Transport," ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 132, p. 051009), the deposition of aerosols in the acinar region can either be detrimental to gas exchange (as in the case of harmful particulate matter) or beneficial (as in the case of inhalable pharmaceuticals). We measured the flow field inside an in-vitro model of a single alveolus mounted on a bronchiole and calculated the transport and deposition of massless particles in Part I. This paper focuses on the transport and deposition of finite-sized particles ranging from 0.25 microm to 4 microm under the combined influence of flow-induced advection (computed from velocity maps obtained by particle image velocimetry) and gravitational settling. Particles were introduced during the first inhalation cycle and their trajectories and deposition statistics were calculated for subsequent cycles for three different particle sizes (0.25 microm, 1 microm, and 4 microm) and three alveolar orientations. The key outcome of the study is that particles <or=0.25 microm follow the fluid streamlines quite closely, whereas midsize particles (d(p)=1 microm) deviate to some extent from streamlines and exhibit complex trajectories. The motion of large particles >or=4 microm is dominated by gravitational settling and shows little effect of fluid advection. Additionally, small and midsize particles deposit at about two-thirds height in the alveolus irrespective of the gravitational orientation whereas the deposition of large particles is governed primarily by the orientation of the gravity vector.
Rapid scatter estimation for CBCT using the Boltzmann transport equation (2014)

Scatter in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a significant problem that degrades image contrast, uniformity and CT number accuracy. One means of estimating and correcting for detected scatter is through an iterative deconvolution process known as scatter kernel superposition (SKS). While the SKS approach is efficient, clinically significant errors on the order 2-4% (20-40 HU) still remain. We have previously shown that the kernel method can be improved by perturbing the kernel parameters based on reference data provided by limited Monte Carlo simulations of a first-pass reconstruction. In this work, we replace the Monte Carlo modeling with a deterministic Boltzmann solver (AcurosCTS) to generate the reference scatter data in a dramatically reduced time. In addition, the algorithm is improved so that instead of adjusting kernel parameters, we directly perturb the SKS scatter estimates. Studies were conducted on simulated data and on a large pelvis phantom scanned on a tabletop system. The new method reduced average reconstruction errors (relative to a reference scan) from 2.5% to 1.8%, and significantly improved visualization of low contrast objects. In total, 24 projections were simulated with an AcurosCTS execution time of 22 sec/projection using an 8-core computer. We have ported AcurosCTS to the GPU, and current run-times are approximately 4 sec/projection using two GPU’s running in parallel.
The effect of cationic gemini surfactants upon lipid membranes. An experimental and molecular dynamics simulation study (2010)

Gemini surfactants possess interesting interfacial and aggregation properties that have prompted comprehensive studies and successful applications in a wide variety of fields. However, a systematic study on the effect of gemini tail and spacer length upon the organization of lipid membranes has not been presented so far. In this study, we analyze the action of dicationic alkylammonium bromide gemini surfactants on DPPC liposomes, the latter employed as a model of lipid membranes. Differential scanning calorimetry results indicate that the surfactants presenting shorter tails (12 carbons) induce a decrease in the overall order of the bilayer, while those with longer tails (16 and 18 carbons) lead to the formation of more ordered structures. The respective influence on the degree of lipid order transverse to the bilayer was additionally studied resorting to a detailed fluorescence anisotropy study. In this case, it is observed that among the shorter tail surfactants, those with longer spacers (6 and 10 carbons) are responsible for a more pronounced disrupting effect upon the membrane, especially close to the lipid polar heads. Molecular dynamics simulation supports the most important findings and provides insight into the mechanism that governs this interaction. Accordingly, the interplay between tail and spacer length accounts for the differential vertical positioning of the gemini molecules and atom-density in the core of the bilayer, that provide a rationale for the experimental observations.
Alkyl, Alkylidene, and Alkylidyne Complexes of Rhenium (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkyl, Alkylidene, and Alkylidyne Complexes of RheniumAnne M. LaPointe and Richard R. SchrockCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 4, 1875–1884Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00004a047https://doi.org/10.1021/om00004a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views448Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<emph type="ital">Ginkgo biloba</emph> for Preventing Cognitive Decline in Older Adults<subtitle>A Randomized Trial</subtitle> (2009)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00010803.
MICROSTRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR DYNAMICS OF ELASTOMERS AS STUDIED BY ADVANCED LOW-RESOLUTION NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE METHODS (2012)

ABSTRACT Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) certainly belongs to the most powerful spectroscopic tools in rubber science. Yet the often high level of experimental and in particular instrumental sophistication represents a barrier to its widespread use. Recent advances in low-resolution, often low-field, proton NMR characterization methods of elastomeric materials are reviewed. Chemical detail, as normally provided by chemical shifts in high-resolution NMR spectra, is often not needed when just the (average) molecular motions of the rubber components are of interest. Knowledge of the molecular-level dynamics enables the quantification and investigation of coexisting rigid and soft regions, as often found in filled elastomers, and is further the basis of a detailed analysis of the local density of cross-links and the content of nonelastic material, all of which sensitively affect the rheological behavior. In fact, specific static proton NMR spectroscopy techniques can be thought of as molecular rheology, and they open new avenues toward the investigation of inhomogeneities in elastomers, the knowledge of which is key to improving our theoretical understanding and creating new rational-design principles of novel elastomeric materials. The methodological advances related to the possibility of studying not only the cross-link density on a molecular scale but also its distribution and the option to quantitatively detect the fractions of polymer in different states of molecular mobility and estimate the size and arrangement of such regions are illustrated with different examples from the rubber field. This concerns, among others, the influence of the vulcanization system and the amount and type of filler particles on the spatial (in)homogeneity of the cross-link density, the amount of nonelastic network defects, and the relevance of glassy regions in filled elastomers.
Advances in silicon carbide science and technology at the micro- and nanoscales (2013)

Advances in siliconcarbide microfabrication and growth process optimization for siliconcarbide nanostructures are ushering in new opportunities for microdevices capable of operation in a variety of demanding applications, involving high temperature, radiation, or corrosive environment. This review focuses on the materials science and processing technologies for siliconcarbidethin films and low dimensional structures, and details recent progress in manufacturing technology, including deposition, metallization, and fabrication of semiconductor microdevices, with emphasis on sensor technology. The challenges remaining in developing siliconcarbide as a mainstay materials platform are discussed throughout.
HLA‐DRB1*0410‐Restricted Recognition of XAGE‐1b<sub>37</sub>‐48 Peptide by CD4 T Cells (2007)

XAGE-1b belongs to cancer/testis (CT) antigens, and has been shown to be expressed frequently in lung cancers and to elicit an antibody response in patients with XAGE-1b-expressing tumors. In this study, we investigated an XAGE-1b peptide recognized by CD4 T cells. CD4 T cells were purified from PBMC of a healthy donor and stimulated with pooled 25-mer peptides overlapped with 15 amino acids spanning the entire XAGE-1b protein. The generation of XAGE-1b-specific CD4 T cells was shown by IFNgamma secretion assay. A CD4 T cell clone OHD1 was obtained by limiting dilution. OHD1 recognized two overlapping peptides, XAGE1-b(33-49) and XAGE-1b(37-52), by ELISPOT assay. A peptide XAGE-1b(38-46) which was included in both XAGE-1b(33-49) and XAGE-1b(37-52) was predicted to be a DRB1*0410-restricted 9-mer peptide by a computer-based program. We identified the 12-mer peptide XAGE-1b(37-48) as a new XAGE-1b epitope restricted to HLA-DRB1*0410.
Age-dependent tissue-specific exposure of cell phone users (2010)

The peak spatial specific absorption rate (SAR) assessed with the standardized specific anthropometric mannequin head phantom has been shown to yield a conservative exposure estimate for both adults and children using mobile phones. There are, however, questions remaining concerning the impact of age-dependent dielectric tissue properties and age-dependent proportions of the skull, face and ear on the global and local absorption, in particular in the brain tissues. In this study, we compare the absorption in various parts of the cortex for different magnetic resonance imaging-based head phantoms of adults and children exposed to different models of mobile phones. The results show that the locally induced fields in children can be significantly higher (>3 dB) in subregions of the brain (cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus) and the eye due to the closer proximity of the phone to these tissues. The increase is even larger for bone marrow (>10 dB) as a result of its significantly high conductivity. Tissues such as the pineal gland show no increase since their distances to the phone are not a function of age. This study, however, confirms previous findings saying that there are no age-dependent changes of the peak spatial SAR when averaged over the entire head.
Dinitrogen: a selective probe for tri-coordinate Al “defect” sites on alumina (2011)

Dinitrogen selectively binds to tri-coordinate Al(III) sites of the (110) termination of γ- and δ-alumina, the "defects" responsible for the low temperature dissociation of methane. Similar observations on η-Al(2)O(3) and extra framework aluminium of microporous aluminosilicates also suggest the presence of Al(III) sites on these materials.