gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Subtype-Selective <i>N</i>-Methyl-<scp>d</scp>-aspartate Receptor Antagonists:  Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1-(Arylalkynyl)-4-benzylpiperidines (1999)

4-[4-(4-Benzylpiperidin-1-yl)but-1-ynyl]phenol (8) and 4-[3-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)prop-1-ynyl]phenol (9) are potent NR1A/2B receptor antagonists (IC(50) values 0.17 and 0.10 microM, respectively). Administered intraperitoneally, they both potentiated the activity of L-DOPA in the unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned (6-OHDA) rat, a model of Parkinson's disease. However, compound 9 was not active orally, likely due to rapid first-pass metabolism of the phenol moiety. The phenol was replaced by several bicyclic heterocyclic systems containing an NH group to function as a H-bond donor in the hope that these would be less likely to undergo rapid metabolism. In general, indoles, indazoles, benzotriazoles, indolones, and isatins gave analogues with weaker NR1A/2B activity than the parent phenols, while benzimidazolones and benzimidazolinones gave equipotent or more potent analogues. The preference for a para arrangement between the H-bond donor and the linking acetylene moiety was confirmed, and a propyne link was preferred over a butyne link. Substitution on the benzyl group or a 4-hydroxyl group on the piperidine had little effect on NR1A/2B potency; however, 4-hydroxypiperidines demonstrated slightly improved selectivity for NR1A/2B receptors versus alpha-1 adrenergic and dopamine D2 receptor affinity. From this study, 5-[3-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)prop-1-ynyl]-1, 3-dihydrobenzoimidazol-2-one (46b) was identified as a very potent, selective NR1A/2B receptor antagonist (IC(50) value 0.0053 microM). After oral administration at 10 and 30 mg/kg, 46b potentiated the effects of L-DOPA in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat and seemed to have improved oral bioavailability but lower brain penetration compared to phenol 9.
Essential Role of the Conformational Flexibility of Helices 1 and 5 on the Lipid Binding Activity of Apolipophorin-III (2001)

It has been recently postulated that the conformational flexibility of helices 1 and 5 of Locusta migratoria apoLp-III could play an important role in early steps of binding of this apolipoprotein to a lipid surface (Soulages, J. L., and Arrese, E. L. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 17501-17509). To test this model, we have designed a double Cys mutant in which a disulfide bond linking helices 1 and 5 could be formed, resulting in an apolipoprotein with reduced conformational flexibility of its N- and C-terminal helices. Substitution of Thr(18) and Ala(147) by Cys residues provided a protein that under nonreducing conditions was fully oxidized. The far-UV CD spectra of this mutant in the reduced and oxidized states indicated that their secondary structures were identical to the structure of the wild type recombinant apoLp-III, which contains no Cys residues. Near-UV CD studies confirmed the formation of a disulfide bond and the absence of structural perturbations. The lipid binding activity of the reduced mutant, as determined by its ability to form discoidal lipoproteins, was nearly identical to that of the wild type protein. Contrarily, the disulfide form of the mutant was not able to form discoidal lipoproteins with liposomes of either dimirystoylphosphatidylcholine or dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol. It is concluded that the separation of the helices 1 and 5 constitutes one of the key steps along the complex pathway for the formation of the final apolipoprotein lipid-bound state. It is inferred that the conformational flexibility of helices 1 and 5 is a key property of apoLp-III, allowing the exposure of hydrophobic protein regions and the interaction of the hydrophobic faces of the amphipathic alpha-helices with the lipoprotein lipid surface.
CMOS Data Converters for Communications (2000)

CMOS Data Converters for Communications distinguishes itself from other data converter books by emphasizing system-related aspects of the design and frequency-domain measures. It explains in detail how to derive data converter requirements for a given communication system (baseband, passband, and multi-carrier systems). The authors also review CMOS data converter architectures and discuss their suitability for communications. The rest of the book is dedicated to high-performance CMOS data converter architecture and circuit design. Pipelined ADCs, parallel ADCs with an improved passive sampling technique, and oversampling ADCs are the focus for ADC architectures, while current-steering DAC modeling and implementation are the focus for DAC architectures. The principles of the switched-current and the switched-capacitor techniques are reviewed and their applications to crucial functional blocks such as multiplying DACs and integrators are detailed. The book outlines the design of the basic building blocks such as operational amplifiers, comparators, and reference generators with emphasis on the practical aspects. To operate analog circuits at a reduced supply voltage, special circuit techniques are needed. Low-voltage techniques are also discussed in this book. CMOS Data Converters for Communications can be used as a reference book by analog circuit designers to understand the data converter requirements for communication applications. It can also be used by telecommunication system designers to understand the difficulties of certain performance requirements on data converters. It is also an excellent resource to prepare analog students for the new challenges ahead.
Synthesis and photochemical properties of 1,3-di-9-anthryl-2-propanol, 1,3-di-9-anthrylacetone, and related propano-linked anthracenes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and photochemical properties of 1,3-di-9-anthryl-2-propanol, 1,3-di-9-anthrylacetone, and related propano-linked anthracenesHans Dieter Becker and Kosrat A. AminCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 13, 3182–3188Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00274a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00274a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views468Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development and characterization of an SMN2-based intermediate mouse model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (2013)

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is due to the loss of the survival motor neuron gene 1 (SMN1), resulting in motor neuron (MN) degeneration, muscle atrophy and loss of motor function. While SMN2 encodes a protein identical to SMN1, a single nucleotide difference in exon 7 causes most of the SMN2-derived transcripts to be alternatively spliced resulting in a truncated and unstable protein (SMNΔ7). SMA patients retain at least one SMN2 copy, making it an important target for therapeutics. Many of the existing SMA models are very severe, with animals typically living less than 2 weeks. Here, we present a novel intermediate mouse model of SMA based upon the human genomic SMN2 gene. Genetically, this model is similar to the well-characterized SMNΔ7 model; however, we have manipulated the SMNΔ7 transgene to encode a modestly more functional protein referred to as SMN read-through (SMN(RT)). By introducing the SMN(RT) transgene onto the background of a severe mouse model of SMA (SMN2(+/+);Smn(-/-)), disease severity was significantly decreased based upon a battery of phenotypic parameters, including MN pathology and a significant extension in survival. Importantly, there is not a full phenotypic correction, allowing for the examination of a broad range of therapeutics, including SMN2-dependent and SMN-independent pathways. This novel animal model serves as an important biological and therapeutic model for less severe forms of SMA and provides an in vivo validation of the SMN(RT) protein.
Reducing switching activity on datapath buses with control-signal gating (2002)

This paper presents a practical technique for saving power dissipation in large datapaths by reducing unnecessary switching activity on wide buses. Control signals on a datapath module are gated by the observability don't care condition of the bus driven by that module to stop unnecessary switching activity on the bus. A methodology for automatic generation of gating conditions and synthesis of gated control signals from the RTL description of a design is presented. The technique has very low overheads in terms of area, power, and designer effort. It was applied to one of the integer execution units of a 64-bit super-scalar RISC microprocessor. Experimental results of running various application programs on the microprocessor show on an average 26.6% reduction in dynamic switching power in the integer execution unit, with no increase in path delays.
Maximum power point tracking of PV system using ANFIS prediction and fuzzy logic tracking (2008)

Abstract — The maximum operating point of solar Photovoltaic (PV) panels changes with environmental conditions. Many methods have been proposed to locate and track the maximum power point (MPP) of PV cells. The difficulties that face these methods are the rapid changes in solar radiation and the variety in cell temperature which affects the MPP setting. External sensors are used in many approaches to measure solar irradiation and ambient temperature to estimate the MPP as a function of data measured. In this paper, linear correlation is proposed to analyze the experimental data to select the appropriate PV parameters that can recognize the MPP location. Short circuit current (Isc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) are selected as inputs factors instead of environmental influences. The paper demonstrates how these simple factors are necessary to locate accurate MPP under wide changes in environmental conditions. The statistical analysis is used to classify the data in appropriate fuzzy memberships. The proposed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) model depends on an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (AN-FIS) which is designed as a combination of the Sugeno fuzzy model and neural network. ANFIS of five layers with four fuzzy rules is used to acquire a high precision of locating Vmax with few adaptation epochs. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) utilizes the ANFIS output voltage to track the MPP. The MPPT controller is designed to acquire high efficiency with low fluctuation.
BaNb0.05Fe0.95O3−δ as a new oxygen reduction electrocatalyst for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (2013)

Cobalt-free perovskite BaNb0.05Fe0.95O3−δ (BNF) is synthesized and characterized towards application as a cathode material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. In situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are applied to study the crystal structure and thermally induced phase transformation. BNF exists as a multiphase structure composed of a monoclinic phase and a cubic phase at room temperature, and then undergoes a phase transformation to a cubic structure starting at ∼400 °C, which is maintained at temperatures up to 900 °C during a thermal cycle between room temperature and 900 °C; while it retains the cubic perovskite lattice structure on cooling from 900 °C to room temperature. Oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, combined thermal expansion and thermo-gravimetric analysis are used to clarify the thermal reducibility of BNF. A relatively good stability of BNF is demonstrated by electrical conductivity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The activity of BNF for oxygen reduction reaction is probed by symmetrical cell and single fuel cell tests. Favorable electrochemical activities at intermediate temperature, e.g. very low interfacial resistance of only ∼0.016 Ω cm2 and maximum power density of 1162 mW cm−2 at 750 °C, are demonstrated, which could be attributed to the cubic lattice structure of BNF within the temperature range of cell operation.
Miliary tuberculosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. (2003)

ARDS caused by miliary TB is associated with a high fatality rate; scope remains for improvement in its management.
Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: Biochemical and Pathogenic Characteristics of Mutant Isolates (1975)

The in vitro dextran-sucrase activities and adherence to glass of S. mutans 6715 and PS14 wild types and mutants were quantitated and compared with their in vivo cariogenicity in young, gnotobiotic rats. In general, S. mutans PS14 mutants B414 and B421 and 6715 mutant C4 demonstrated less dextran-sucrase activity and adherence than parental strains and caused fewer carious lesions in gnotobiotic rats. Rats monoinfected with either PS14 mutants B414 or B421 had less plaque and viable S. mutans in plaque than rats infected with parental strain. Both S. mutans 6715 mutants C211 and C229, demonstrated greater enzyme activity and adherence than the parental strain and produced more carious lesions.
Detection and avoidance of a carnivore odor by prey (2011)

Predator-prey relationships provide a classic paradigm for the study of innate animal behavior. Odors from carnivores elicit stereotyped fear and avoidance responses in rodents, although sensory mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Here, we identified a chemical produced by predators that activates a mouse olfactory receptor and produces an innate behavioral response. We purified this predator cue from bobcat urine and identified it to be a biogenic amine, 2-phenylethylamine. Quantitative HPLC analysis across 38 mammalian species indicates enriched 2-phenylethylamine production by numerous carnivores, with some producing >3,000-fold more than herbivores examined. Calcium imaging of neuronal responses in mouse olfactory tissue slices identified dispersed carnivore odor-selective sensory neurons that also responded to 2-phenylethylamine. Two prey species, rat and mouse, avoid a 2-phenylethylamine odor source, and loss-of-function studies involving enzymatic depletion of 2-phenylethylamine from a carnivore odor indicate it to be required for full avoidance behavior. Thus, rodent olfactory sensory neurons and chemosensory receptors have the capacity for recognizing interspecies odors. One such cue, carnivore-derived 2-phenylethylamine, is a key component of a predator odor blend that triggers hard-wired aversion circuits in the rodent brain. These data show how a single, volatile chemical detected in the environment can drive an elaborate danger-associated behavioral response in mammals.
The hand eczema severity index (HECSI): a scoring system for clinical assessment of hand eczema. A study of inter- and intraobserver reliability (2005)

Overall excellent agreement existed for both inter- and intraobserver reliability and the scoring system is suggested for use in future clinical studies on HE. Because HECSI is an entirely objective assessment of clinical signs, in addition, inclusion of patient-rated symptoms should be considered.
Functional Three-Dimensional Graphene/Polymer Composites (2016)

Integration of graphene with polymers to construct three-dimensional porous graphene/polymer composites (3DGPCs) has attracted considerable attention in the past few years for both fundamental studies and diverse technological applications. With the broad diversity in molecular structures of graphene and polymers via rich chemical routes, a number of 3DGPCs have been developed with unique structural, electrical, and mechanical properties, chemical tenability, and attractive functions, which greatly expands the research horizon of graphene-based composites. In particular, the properties and functions of the 3DGPCs can be readily tuned by precisely controlling the hierarchical porosity in the 3D graphene architecture as well as the intricate synergistic interactions between graphene and polymers. In this paper, we review the recent progress in 3DGPCs, including their synthetic strategies and potential applications in environmental protection, energy storage, sensors, and conducting composites. Lastly, we will conclude with a brief perspective on the challenges and future opportunities.
Inductive Power System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (2007)

Underwater inductive coupling is used to recharge a lithium-ion battery pack for an underwater mooring profiler operating on a cabled deep-ocean mooring sensor network. The mooring profiler is a motor driven autonomous underwater vehicle that is attached to a vertical mooring cable suspended between the seafloor at 900 m and subsurface float structure at a depth of 160 m (to minimize wave dynamics and bio-fouling). A suite of on-board sensors record data as the mooring profiler travels along the cable which is transferred from the profiler to the sensor network and ultimately to shore over an inductive data link. The on-board batteries are charged inductively when the profiler enters a dock mounted below the float. Power transfer across the inductive couplers is approximately 240 W with 70% efficiency.
Residual stress evaluations of thermal spray coatings by a modified layer removal method (1994)

Residual stresses are inherent in thermal spray coatings because the application process involves high temperature gradients on materials with different mechanical properties. Failure analysis of thermal spray coatings has, in many cases, pointed to residual stresses as a factor contributing to reduced service life. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate residual stresses in thermal spray coatings. An established method for experimentally evaluating residual stresses is the layer removal method. While the method offers several advantages, applications are limited to a single material system and do not include coated materials. This paper describes a modification to the layer removal method to handle coated materials. The modification is validated by comparisons with finite element analysis results. The modified layer removal method was then applied to determine through-thickness residual stress distributions for the following six industrial coatings; stainless steel, aluminum, Nickel-5 Aluminum, two tungsten carbides, and a ceramic thermal barrier coating. Advantages of the method are that it (1) requires only ordinary strain gauge measuring equipment and (2) is not very sensitive to uncertainties in the mechanical properties of the coating material.
Combinatorial screening of ternary NiO–Mn2O3–CuO composition spreads (2005)

We describe the screening of large combinatorial oxide libraries for their electric transport characteristics. Complete ternary composition spreads of NiO–Mn2O3–CuO oxide alloys were deposited onto conducting Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates using the combinatorial pulsed laser deposition technique. Resistance-temperature relations for each composition in the spread were determined using a custom-designed scanning probe. Ternary and binary electrically conducting alloys are located around Ni0.45Cu0.75Mn1.65O4 (the lowest resistance point) and CuMn2O4 compositions, respectively. The temperature sensitivities of the compositions Ni0.3Cu0.3Mn2.4O4,Cu0.84Mn2.16O4, and Cu1.35Mn1.65O4 were 5.0%/°C, 3.5%/°C, and 3.0%/°C, respectively. From this screening we propose compounds for thin-film negative temperature coefficient thermistors with standardized characteristics.
High Ratios of Free to Total Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Early Infancy (1997)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a major effector of somatic growth and metabolism. In normal, nonpregnant plasma, most of the IGF-I is complexed to specific IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), particularly IGFBP-3; only a minor fraction of plasma IGF-I exists in a free form. Recently, we have reported that free IGF-I levels, as measured using a new immunoradiometric assay, are relatively high in maternal plasma during pregnancy because of increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. These high free IGF-I levels are physiologically important for the growth of maternal tissues such as uterus and placenta, which are related to the fetal growth. Growth during early infancy may be a continuation of fetal growth. In the present study, we have analyzed free and total plasma IGF-I and IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity in early infancy. Although the levels of free and total IGF-I were not significantly different in early infancy as compared with prepubertal periods, the ratio of free to total IGF-I (mean = 2.04%) was relatively increased and was similar to the ratio in pregnancy plasma (1.86%). However, unlike in maternal plasma, the high ratios were not totally caused by increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. Our results suggest that there may be an increased conversion of plasma IGF-I to a free form in early infancy. The resultant increase in IGF-I bioavailability could contribute to the rapid somatic growth in early infancy.
Middleware-Layer for Authenticating Mobile Consumers of Amazon S3 Data (2013)

Today, most enterprises are embracing the cloud computing paradigm to provide reliable access to business data for mobile consumers. The Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) is one platform that is fault tolerant and highly scalable within the cloud provisioning landscape. However, the Amazon S3 facility relies on the submission of multiple identification credentials from the data consumer for the purposes of authentication and authorization. This authentication process introduces high communication latency which makes it uninteresting for mobile consumption of enterprise data in a highly distributed environment. This paper presents a middleware-centric framework called MiLAMob that simplifies the authentication process in real time. The middleware employs the OAuth 2.0 technique (E.g. Facebook, Google+, and Personal Login) to identify the end-user and uses security tokens to handle the tedious authentication with Amazon S3 on behalf of the user/requester. The approach adopted by this paper proves that mobile consumers can efficiently access enterprise data hosted on Amazon S3 in a single request call with less processing effort. Also, the introduction of the middleware enforces additional data protection because the security credentials and the Amazon S3 abstractions are hidden from the mobile application domain and the end users.
Frontal Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Dicyclopentadiene (2001)

The frontal ring-opening metathesis polymerization (FROMP) of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) with commercial reagents was reported. The rate of bulk polymerization was reduced through the addition of an additive and lowering of the DCPD below its melting point. The polymerization which started from a solid mixture containing DCPD, catalyst and an additive, occured very easily. The amounts of both additive and catalyst necessary for high conversion were found to be quite low.