gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maintenance of Licensure (2013)

Letters5 February 2013Maintenance of LicensureConnie Nugent, MLS and Kenneth M. Nugent, MDConnie Nugent, MLSFrom Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.Search for more papers by this author and Kenneth M. Nugent, MDFrom Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Chaudhry and colleagues (1) present a thoughtful analysis of the cognitive processes involved in CME. In brief, they identify 3 components—reflective self-assessment, assessment of knowledge and skills, and performance in practice. Their examples include participation in CME, completion of computer-based simulations, and patient or peer surveys. We suggest modifications that should clarify this process.The first component requires critical self-assessment of clinical skills and knowledge necessary for the physician's current practice. This almost certainly involves more than participation in the usual CME activities and probably requires practice review and relevant testing (in effect, pretests). Based on this ...Reference1. Chaudhry HJ, Talmage LA, Alguire PC, Cain FE, Waters S, Rhyne JA. Maintenance of licensure: supporting a physician's commitment to lifelong learning. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:287-9. [PMID: 22733035] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMaintenance of Licensure: Supporting a Physician's Commitment to Lifelong Learning Humayun J. Chaudhry , Lance A. Talmage , Patrick C. Alguire , Frances E. Cain , Sandra Waters , and Janelle A. Rhyne Maintenance of Licensure Humayun J. Chaudhry , Lance A. Talmage , and Janelle A. Rhyne Maintenance of Licensure Paul Kempen Maintenance of Licensure Marc S. Frager Maintenance of Licensure James J. Glazier Metrics 5 February 2013Volume 158, Issue 3Page: 220KeywordsConflicts of interestDecision makingHand strengthMedical servicesPatientsPeer reviewProblem solvingSimulation and modeling ePublished: 5 February 2013 Issue Published: 5 February 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Accurate measurement of endogenous adenosine in human blood (2018)

Accurate determination of in vivo circulating concentrations of extracellular adenosine in blood samples is challenging due to the rapid formation and rapid clearance of adenosine in blood. A blood collection protocol was developed based on direct sampling of venous blood into, and instant mixing with, a STOP solution developed to conserve in vivo adenosine concentrations by completely preventing both its formation and clearance in collected blood. Stable isotope labeled AMP and adenosine spiked into blood ex vivo were used in combination with mass spectrometry to evaluate conservation of adenosine and prevention of its formation. A number of approved drugs, including the P2Y12 antagonist ticagrelor, have been described to increase extracellular adenosine. This may contribute to its clinical profile, highlighting the importance of accurate measurement of in vivo adenosine concentrations.A high sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem- mass spectrometry (UPLC-tandem-MS) analytical method for plasma adenosine was developed and validated with a lower limit of quantification of 2 nmol/L. The method demonstrated plasma adenosine stability during sample processing and analytical method performance relevant to human blood samples. The final STOP solution proved able to conserve exogenous adenosine and to prevent adenosine formation from exogenous AMP added in vitro to human blood over 15 minutes. The mean endogenous adenosine concentration in plasma prepared from venous blood collected from 10 healthy volunteers was 13 ± 7 nmol/L. Finally, the method was used to demonstrate the previously described concentration-dependent ability of ticagrelor to conserve extracellular adenosine at clinically relevant exposures. In conclusion, we report an optimized sampling protocol and a validated analytical method for accurate measurement of in vivo circulating adenosine concentrations in human blood, suitable for use in clinical trials.
Efflux of radiolabeled polyethylene glycols and albumin from rat brain (1981)

Experiments were carried out to evaluate the role of convection in the removal of large molecules from brain interstitial fluid. Radiolabeled test compounds were injected into the caudate nucleus of anesthetized rats through a guide cannula implanted 1 wk previously and the concentrations of isotope in brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) determined at various times after injection. Control studies with 22Na indicate that the permeability of the blood-brain barrier is normal in tissue surrounding the intracerebral injection cannula. For 69,000 dalton serum albumin, 4,000 dalton polyethylene glycol, and 900 dalton polyethylene glycol, clearance from brain approximates a single exponential decay with half times of disappearance of 12.2, 12.6, and 14.4 h, respectively. Similarly in efflux rate, despite a fivefold difference in diffusion coefficient, is consistent with convective losses from brain, and the maximal rate of interstitial fluid removal estimated on the basis of these data is 0.11 microliter.g brain-1.min-1. Only 10-20% of total efflux is into bulk CSF withdrawn from the cisterna magna.
The Neutrophil: Mechanisms of Controlling Periodontal Bacteria (1991)

The control of potentially periodontopathic microorganisms by host neutrophils is crucial to periodontal health. Neutrophils may use oxidative or nonoxidative mechanisms and either kill bacteria, influence bacterial growth, or modify bacterial colonization in the periodontium. Delivery of antimicrobial substances by neutrophils involves respiratory burst activity, phagocytosis, secretion, or cytolysis/apoptosis. Neutrophils contain a number of antimicrobial components including calprotectin complex, lysozyme, defensins, cofactor-binding proteins, neutral serine proteases, bactericidal/permeability increasing protein, myeloperoxidase, and a NADPH oxidase system. Many of these components are multifunctional and exhibit several mechanisms of antimicrobial activity. When comparisons are made among periodontal bacteria, differences in sensitivity to different components are observed. A hypothesis of specific defense is presented: That specific periodontal diseases can result from the failure of specific aspects of the host immune system (the neutrophil, in particular) in its interaction with specific periodontal pathogens. Failure may be due to phenotypic variation (pleomorphism) within the host or bacterial evasive strategies.
INVELOX: Description of a new concept in wind power and its performance evaluation (2014)

A new concept in wind power harnessing is described which significantly outperforms traditional wind turbines of the same diameter and aerodynamic characteristics under the same wind conditions and it delivers significantly higher output, at reduced cost. Its first innovative feature is the elimination of tower-mounted turbines. These large, mechanically complex turbines, and the enormous towers used to hoist them into the sky, are the hallmark of today's wind power industry. They are also expensive, unwieldy, inefficient, and hazardous to people and wildlife. The second innovative feature of INVELOX is that it captures wind flow through an omnidirectional intake and thereby there is no need for a passive or active yaw control. Third, it accelerates the flow within a shrouded Venturi section which is subsequently expanded and released into the ambient environment through a diffuser. In addition, INVELOX provides solutions to all the major problems that have so far undermined the wind industry, such as low turbine reliability, intermittency issues and adverse environmental and radar impact. Simulating the performance of this wind delivery system is quite challenging because of the complexity of the wind delivery system and its interaction with wind at the front end and with a turbine at the back end. The objectives of the present work are to model and understand the flow field inside the INVELOX where the actual wind turbine is located as well the external flow field which not only provides the intake flow but also has to match the exhaust flow of the system. The present computations involved cases with different incoming wind directions and changes in the intake geometry. The results show that it is possible to capture, accelerate and concentrate the wind. Increased wind velocities result in significant improvement in the power output. These results led to the design of a demonstration facility which has provided actual data which verified the significantly increased power expectations.
All-electronic 100-GHz Bandwidth Digital-to-Analog Converter Generating PAM Signals up to 190-GBaud (2016)

We demonstrate an all-electronic digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with 100-GHz electrical bandwidth sampling at 240 GS/s, based on digital bandwidth interleaving. We test the DAC by generating up to 190-GBaud Nyquist shaped pulse amplitude modulated (PAM).
Take a pay cut and work wherever you want: But should the value of your work depend on where it gets done? - [Spectral Lines] (2020)

Earlier this year, as the tech workforce moved into the virtual world, Facebook announced that at least some employees could work from home permanently—and choose to relocate. There is a catch to that: Salaries, the company said, would be adjusted to reflect local costs of living. Over the summer, job search firm Hired released a study that reported that only 32 percent of tech professionals around the world would be willing to take such a cut. • Now, in the final months of 2020, as remote workers settle into their commute-less work life, the numbers of those willing to accept a pay cut seems to have grown. Blind, a company that operates private social networks for tech employees, surveyed 5,591 tech professionals and found that 44 percent would be willing to take a pay cut linked to a lower cost of living and 8 percent were indifferent; 48 percent would be opposed to such a cut. • The numbers vary by employer, with tech professionals working at Square, Lyft, Facebook, VMware, and Dropbox the most willing to sacrifice salary for the ability to relocate, and Expedia, PayPal, Microsoft, and Oracle the least. • Comments from those willing to take a cut generally fell into the what's-the-big-deal category. One Facebook employee wrote: “I don't understand all the fuss, are people demanding everyone around the world be paid the same? Let's be real, your pay range is based on your location. People who feel they moved to a place that had 30–50 percent lower range [and] shouldn't be paid like the local employees crack me up.”
Investigation of direct current electrical properties of electrochemically etched mesoporous silicon carbide (2014)

In this study, we show I-V characterizations of various metal/porous silicon carbide (pSiC)/silicon carbide (SiC) structures. SiC wafers were electrochemically etched from the Si and C faces in the dark or under UV lighting leading to different pSiC morphologies. In the case of low porosity pSiC etched in the dark, the I-V characteristics were found to be almost linear and the extracted resistivities of pSiC were around 1.5 × 104 Ω cm at 30 °C for the Si face. This is around 6 orders of magnitude higher than the resistivity of doped SiC wafers. In the range of 20-200 °C, the activation energy was around 50 meV. pSiC obtained from the C face was less porous and the measured average resistivity was 10 Ω cm. In the case high porosity pSiC etched under UV illumination, the resistivity was found to be much higher, around 1014 Ω cm at room temperature. In this case, the extracted activation energy was estimated to be 290 meV.
I know what you will do next summer (2010)

This is a brief journey across the Internet privacy landscape. After trying to convince you about the importance of the problem I will try to present questions of interest and how you might be able to apply your expertise to them.
Anticancer properties of the novel nitric oxide-donating compound (<i>S,R</i>)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid-nitric oxide <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (2008)

Preclinical studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO)-donating nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs possess anticancer activities. Here, we report in vitro and in vivo studies showing the antitumor effect of the NO-donating isoxazole derivative (S,R)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid (GIT-27NO). GIT-27NO, but not the NO-deprived parental compound VGX-1027, significantly affected viability of both rodent (L929, B16, and C6) and human (U251, BT20, HeLa, and LS174) tumor cell lines. GIT-27NO triggered either apoptotic cell death (e.g., L929 cells) or autophagic cell death (C6 and B16 cells). Moreover, GIT-27NO hampered the viability of cisplatin-resistant B16 cells. NO scavenger hemoglobin completely prevented GIT-27NO-induced death, indicating that NO release mediated the tumoricidal effect of the compound. Increase in intracellular NO upon on the treatment was associated with intensified production of reactive oxygen species, whereas their neutralization by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine resulted in partial recovery of cell viability. The antitumor activity of the drug was mediated by the selective activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in a cell-specific manner and was neutralized by their specific inhibitors. In vivo treatment with GIT-27NO significantly reduced the B16 melanoma growth in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. The therapeutic effect occurred at dose (0.5 mg/mouse) up to 160 times lower than those needed to induce acute lethality (80 mg/mouse). In addition, a dose of GIT-27NO five times higher than that found effective in the melanoma model was well tolerated by the mice when administered for 4 consecutive weeks. These data warrant additional studies to evaluate the possible translation of these findings to the clinical setting.
c-Myb is essential for early T cell development (1999)

The c-Myb transcription factor is important for fetal hematopoiesis and has been proposed to mediate later stages of lymphocyte development. Using homozygous null c-Myb/Rag1 chimeric mice, we have determined that c-Myb plays an important role in the differentiation of macrophages and lymphocytes from precursor stem cells. We also determine that deletion of c-Myb leads to a complete block in early T cell development just before the oligopotent thymocyte matures into the definitive T cell precursor. These data indicate that c-Myb plays an important role at multiple stages of hematopoiesis and is required at an early stage of T cell development.
Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Complexes of Sodium 2-[4-Amino-5-Mercapto-3-(1,2,4-Triazolylazo)] Naphthol-4-Sulphonate (Amtn-4S) with Cobalt(II), Nickel(II) and Copper(II) (1988)

Abstract Complexes of the type ML2 of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with sodium 2-[4-amino-5-mercapto-3-(1,2,4-triazolylazo)] naphthol-4-sulphonate (LNa) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility measurements, thermal gravimetric analyses, infrared and electronic spectral data. All the complexes have high-spin six-coordinated octahedral geometries.
Linear System Theory and Design (1995)

From the Publisher:
An extensive revision of the author's highly successful text, this third edition of Linear System Theory and Design has been made more accessible to students from all related backgrounds. After introducing the fundamental properties of linear systems, the text discusses design using state equations and transfer functions. The two main objectives of the text are to: use simple and efficient methods to develop results and design procedures; enable students to employ the results to carry out design. Striking a balance between theory and applications, Linear System Theory and Design, 3/e, is ideal for use in advanced undergraduate/first-year graduate courses in linear systems and multivariable system design in electrical, mechanical, chemical, and aeronautical engineering departments. It assumes a working knowledge of linear algebra and the Laplace transform and an elementary knowledge of differential equations.
In vivo tomographic imaging with fluorescence and MRI using tumor-targeted dual-labeled nanoparticles (2013)

Dual-modality imaging combines the complementary advantages of different modalities, and offers the prospect of improved preclinical research. The combination of fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides cross-validated information and direct comparison between these modalities. Here, we report on the application of a novel tumor-targeted, dual-labeled nanoparticle (NP), utilizing iron oxide as the MRI contrast agent and near infrared (NIR) dye Cy5.5 as the fluorescent agent. Results of in vitro experiments verified the specificity of the NP to tumor cells. In vivo tumor targeting and uptake of the NPs in a mouse model were visualized by fluorescence and MR imaging collected at different time points. Quantitative analysis was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of MRI contrast enhancement. Furthermore, tomographic images were also acquired using both imaging modalities and cross-validated information of tumor location and size between these two modalities was revealed. The results demonstrate that the use of dual-labeled NPs can facilitate the dual-modal detection of tumors, information cross-validation, and direct comparison by combing fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) and MRI.
Caspase-7 Activation by the Nlrc4/Ipaf Inflammasome Restricts Legionella pneumophila Infection (2009)

Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila), the causative agent of a severe form of pneumonia called Legionnaires' disease, replicates in human monocytes and macrophages. Most inbred mouse strains are restrictive to L. pneumophila infection except for the A/J, Nlrc4(-/-) (Ipaf(-/-)), and caspase-1(-/-) derived macrophages. Particularly, caspase-1 activation is detected during L. pneumophila infection of murine macrophages while absent in human cells. Recent in vitro experiments demonstrate that caspase-7 is cleaved by caspase-1. However, the biological role for caspase-7 activation downstream of caspase-1 is not known. Furthermore, whether this reaction is pertinent to the apoptosis or to the inflammation pathway or whether it mediates a yet unidentified effect is unclear. Using the intracellular pathogen L. pneumophila, we show that, upon infection of murine macrophages, caspase-7 was activated downstream of the Nlrc4 inflammasome and required caspase-1 activation. Such activation of caspase-7 was mediated by flagellin and required a functional Naip5. Remarkably, mice lacking caspase-7 and its macrophages allowed substantial L. pneumophila replication. Permissiveness of caspase-7(-/-) macrophages to the intracellular pathogen was due to defective delivery of the organism to the lysosome and to delayed cell death during early stages of infection. These results reveal a new mechanism for caspase-7 activation downstream of the Nlrc4 inflammasome and present a novel biological role for caspase-7 in host defense against an intracellular bacterium.
Polarization independence of laser-induced nucleation in supersaturated aqueous urea solutions (2017)

In a seminal report on laser-induced nucleation in aqueous supersaturated solutions (Phys. Rev. Lett., 1996, 77, 3475) it was noted that needle-shaped crystals of urea were aligned with the direction of the electric field of the linearly polarized laser pulse. The results gave rise to a new mechanism for control of crystal nucleation involving alignment of solute molecules (optical Kerr effect) now commonly known as non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation (NPLIN). Recent theoretical and experimental work has cast doubts on the optical Kerr effect mechanism. In the present letter we present results from digital imaging of urea-crystal growth immediately following laser-induced nucleation. Analysis of the data shows no statistically significant correlation between crystal angle and direction of linear polarization. The results overturn a long-held result that has shaped theoretical and experimental studies of NPLIN.
The HIMAA Professional Credentialling Scheme (2007)

The paper explains every detail about the Health Information Management Association of Australia (HIMAA) Professional Credentialling Scheme (PCS). It is hoped that over time the PCS in particular will have a significant impact on how HIMs view their professional standing, and on how others view their profession.
Poly(allylamine)–Mesoporous Silica Composite Materials for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture from Simulated Flue Gas or Ambient Air (2011)

Low-molecular-weight poly(allylamine) is prepared via free-radical polymerization, and the resulting polymer is impregnated into mesocellular silica foams at different amine loadings. The resulting poly(allylamine)–silica composites are demonstrated as effective adsorbents for the extraction of carbon dioxide from dilute (simulated flue gas) and ultradilute (simulated ambient air) gas streams. The composite adsorbents are shown to have comparable adsorption capacities to more-conventional poly(ethyleneimine)–silica adsorbents. Potential advantages of poly(allylamine)-derived adsorbents are discussed.
A moderately thermophilic ammonia-oxidizing crenarchaeote from a hot spring (2008)

The recent discovery of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) dramatically changed our perception of the diversity and evolutionary history of microbes involved in nitrification. In this study, a moderately thermophilic (46 degrees C) ammonia-oxidizing enrichment culture, which had been seeded with biomass from a hot spring, was screened for ammonia oxidizers. Although gene sequences for crenarchaeotal 16S rRNA and two subunits of the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA and amoB) were detected via PCR, no hints for known ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were obtained. Comparative sequence analyses of these gene fragments demonstrated the presence of a single operational taxonomic unit and thus enabled the assignment of the amoA and amoB sequences to the respective 16S rRNA phylotype, which belongs to the widely distributed group I.1b (soil group) of the Crenarchaeota. Catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD)-FISH combined with microautoradiography (MAR) demonstrated metabolic activity of this archaeon in the presence of ammonium. This finding was corroborated by the detection of amoA gene transcripts in the enrichment. CARD-FISH/MAR showed that the moderately thermophilic AOA is highly active at 0.14 and 0.79 mM ammonium and is partially inhibited by a concentration of 3.08 mM. The enriched AOA, which is provisionally classified as "Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis," is the first described thermophilic ammonia oxidizer and the first member of the crenarchaeotal group I.1b for which ammonium oxidation has been verified on a cellular level. Its preference for thermophilic conditions reinvigorates the debate on the thermophilic ancestry of AOA.