gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Methionine and Selenomethionine with Methionine Adenosyltransferase and Ethylene-generating Systems (1979)

Since selenomethionine appears to be a better precursor of ethylene in senescing flower tissue of Ipomoea tricolor and in indole acetic acid-treated pea stem sections than is methionine (Konze JR, N Schilling, H Kende 1978 Plant Physiol 62: 397-401), we compared the effectiveness of selenomethionine and methionine to participate in reactions which may be connected to ethylene biosynthesis. Evidence is presented that selenomethionine is also a better substrate of methionine adenosyltransferase (ATP: methionine S-adenosyltransferase, EC 2.5.1.6) from I. tricolor, the V(max) for selenomethionine being twice as high as that for methionine. The affinity of the enzyme is higher for methionine than for selenomethionine, however. Methionine added to flower tissue together with selenomethionine inhibits the enhancement of ethylene synthesis by the seleno analog. Likewise, methionine reduces the high, selenomethionine-dependent reaction rates of methionine adenosyltransferase from I. tricolor flower tissue. On the other hand, selenomethionine is less effective as an ethylene precursor than is methionine in model systems involving oxidation by free radicals. It was concluded that activation of methionine by methionine adenosyltransferase and formation of S-adenosylmethionine are more likely to be involved in ethylene biosynthesis than is oxidation of methionine by free radicals.
UGA suppression by normal tRNA<sup>TrP</sup>in Escherichia coli: codon context effects (1981)

The nucleotide sequences at the 3' side of in-phase UGA termination codons in mRNAs of various prokaryotic genes were re-examined. An adenine (A) residue is found to be adjacent to the 3' side of UGA in mRNAs which code for readthrough proteins by the suppression of UGA by normal Escherichia coli tRNA Trp. It is suggested that the nature of the nucleotide following a UGA codon determines whether the UGA signals inefficiently or efficiently the termination of polypeptide chain synthesis: an A residue at this position permits the UGA readthrough process.
Branched‐chain amino acids prevent insulin‐induced hepatic tumor cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis through mTORC1 and mTORC2‐dependent mechanisms (2011)

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation has been reported to suppress the incidence of liver cancer in obese patients with liver cirrhosis or in obese and diabetic model animals of carcinogenesis. Whether BCAA directly suppresses cell proliferation of hepatic tumor cells under hyperinsulinemic condition remain to be defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BCAA on insulin-induced proliferation of hepatic tumor cells and determine the underlying mechanisms. BCAA suppressed insulin-induced cell proliferation of H4IIE, HepG2 cells. In H4IIE cells, BCAA did not affect cell cycle progression but increased apoptosis by suppressing expressions of anti-apoptotic genes and inducing pro-apoptotic gene via inactivation of PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. Further studies demonstrated that BCAA inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway not only by promoting negative feedback loop from mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/S6K1 to PI3K/Akt pathway, but also by suppressing mTORC2 kinase activity toward Akt. Our findings suggest that BCAA supplementation may be useful to suppress liver cancer progression by inhibiting insulin-induced PI3K/Akt and subsequent anti-apoptotic pathway, indicating the importance of BCAA supplementation to the obese patients with advanced liver disease.
The inflammatory macrophage: a story of Jekyll and Hyde (2003)

Recent investigations have highlighted new roles for the macrophage (Mϕ) in the biology of inflammation. Selective depletion of Mϕs from inflamed sites has confirmed their predominant role in immune-mediated damage. The components of this injury have been dissected. Mϕs mediate death of stromal, parenchymal and other immune cells by engaging the death programme, resulting in apoptosis. In addition, Mϕs induce destruction of matrix and extracellular structures both directly and indirectly by inducing stromal cells to release matrix metalloproteinases. However, there is another side to the inflammatory Mϕ. Evidence is provided that Mϕs at the same sites possess the ability to aid cell proliferation, secrete and stabilize new matrix components and induce resident cells to secrete matrix components themselves. Mϕ phagocytosis of apoptotic cells brings about a change from the cell-killing matrix-degrading cell to the matrix-generating cell-proliferating tissue-healing cell. Just as both Mϕ types are necessary at the inflamed site, the right balance of these two populations is required for healing and resolution. Evidence of excessive inflammation as a manifestation of impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells emphasizes that defects in the transition from one Mϕ type to another may account for the uncontrolled excessive inflammation seen in disease. Recent insights into the mechanisms by which apoptotic cells signal the change of function to the Mϕ offer the prospect of novel targets for manipulation of Mϕs in the inflamed tissue.
Motavizumab, A Neutralizing Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) Monoclonal Antibody Significantly Modifies The Local And Systemic Cytokine Responses Induced By Rsv In The Mouse Model (2007)

Motavizumab (MEDI-524) is a monoclonal antibody with enhanced neutralizing activity against RSV. In mice, motavizumab suppressed RSV replication which resulted in significant reduction of clinical parameters of disease severity. We evaluated the effect of motavizumab on the local and systemic immune response induced by RSV in the mouse model. Balb/c mice were intranasally inoculated with 106.5 PFU RSV A2 or medium. Motavizumab was given once intraperitoneally (1.25 mg/mouse) as prophylaxis, 24 h before virus inoculation. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum samples were obtained at days 1, 5 (acute) and 28 (long-term) post inoculation and analyzed with a multiplex assay (Beadlyte Upstate, NY) for simultaneous quantitation of 18 cytokines: IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, KC (similar to human IL-8), IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, RANTES, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF. Overall, cytokine concentrations were lower in serum than in BAL samples. By day 28, only KC was detected in BAL specimens at low concentrations in all groups. Administration of motavizumab significantly reduced (p < 0.05) BAL concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-12p70 and TNF-alpha on day 1, and concentrations of IFN-gamma on days 1 and 5 compared with RSV-infected untreated controls. In the systemic compartment, the concentrations of IL-10, IFN-gamma and KC were significantly reduced in the motavizumab-treated mice compared with the untreated controls. In summary, prophylactic administration of motavizumab was associated with significant reductions on RSV replication and concentrations of cytokine and chemokines, which are likely related to the improvement observed in clinical markers of disease severity.
Gas and Organic Vapor Permeation through <i>b</i>-Oriented MFI Membranes (2004)

Siliceous ZSM-5 zeolite membranes oriented with their straight 0.55-nm pores perpendicular to the support and exhibiting high separation factors for p-xylene over o-xylene were reported recently using secondary growth of an oriented seed monolayer and employing organic structure-directing agents as crystal shape modifiers (Lai et al., Science 2003, 300, 456). Here, we report additional permeation results for this type of membrane. High separation factors, as well as high permeances, were observed for benzene/cyclohexane and benzene/2,2-dimethylbutane, although the separation factors for n-/i-butane and N2/SF6 were small. The membrane stability is satisfactory. Reproducibility of the permeation properties at 220 °C is demonstrated.
Comparison of floating-body effects in conventional and graded-channel fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator nMOSFETs (2002)

In this work the parasitic bipolar effects are studied and compared in conventional and graded-channel fully-depleted SOI nMOSFETs by means of both two-dimensional simulation and experiments. The multiplication factor and parasitic bipolar gain, which are the parameters responsible for the parasitic BJT action, are investigated separately. Breakdown voltage, abnormal subthreshold slope and hysteresis are also investigated. The graded-channel device efficiently alleviates the parasitic BST activation, improving the breakdown voltage.
Cyclic AMP in prokaryotes (1992)

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is found in a variety of prokaryotes including both eubacteria and archaebacteria. cAMP plays a role in regulating gene expression, not only for the classic inducible catabolic operons, but also for other categories. In the enteric coliforms, the effects of cAMP on gene expression are mediated through its interaction with and allosteric modification of a cAMP-binding protein (CRP). The CRP-cAMP complex subsequently binds specific DNA sequences and either activates or inhibits transcription depending upon the positioning of the complex relative to the promoter. Enteric coliforms have provided a model to explore the mechanisms involved in controlling adenylate cyclase activity, in regulating adenylate cyclase synthesis, and in performing detailed examinations of CRP-cAMP complex-regulated gene expression. This review summarizes recent work focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of CRP-cAMP complex-mediated processes. For other bacteria, less detail is known. cAMP has been implicated in regulating antibiotic production, phototrophic growth, and pathogenesis. A role for cAMP has been suggested in nitrogen fixation. Often the only data that support cAMP involvement in these processes includes cAMP measurement, detection of the enzymes involved in cAMP metabolism, or observed effects of high concentrations of the nucleotide on cell growth.
Approach phase &#x0394;V considerations for lunar landing (2009)

The autonomous landing and hazard avoidance technology (ALHAT) project is studying the lunar landing descent phase from lunar orbit to the surface. In this paper, we give an overview of the timing and DeltaV implications for key activities during the lunar landing approach phase. Timing and DeltaV performance are evaluated while varying the approach phase design and key hazard detection parameters. Results show that there are significant system tradeoffs when considering DeltaV, hazard detection schemes, and the time available for crew to select a safe point to land.
Expression for the Maximum Efficiency of Compression of a Roots Air Compressor (1986)

The poor efficiency of Roots compressors and their relatively low compression ratio are shown by the derived expression to be caused by the downstream ducting volume.
Context-Aware User Interface Framework for Mobile GIS (2014)

Although mobile phones currently are taking Geographic Information Systems (GIS) out of the office and into the field, human-computer interaction (HCI) as a field is not yet theoretically equipped to match this reality. Consequently, human-GIS interface provided by mobile phones makes the growing influence on residents, they obtain related services through submit their request like search routes. However, the information offered by users is limited. To get more hidden information can make the command of users accurately; therefore, context-aware is advocated. In this article, we proposed a method which considering the existing context to concern users' ability and combining with the user feedback to provide a more effective way of human-GIS interface on mobile phones. Through a design case, we develop the methodological approach and illustrate how the model can be applied to analyze the context of users.
Impact of Nanoscale Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) on the Bacterium <i>Shewanella oneidensis</i> MR-1 (2016)

Nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) comprises a class of lithium intercalation compounds with the composition LxNiyMnzCo1-y-zO2 (0 < x,y,z < 1). These compounds are of emerging importance in nanoparticle form as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries used in transportation and consumer electronics. To evaluate the potential environmental impact of release of this material in the environment, we synthesized NMC nanosheets and investigated their interaction with Shewanella oneidensis, a soil and sediment bacterium. Exposure to 5 mg/L NMC significantly impaired bacterial population growth and respiration. Measurements of NMC surface composition by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and of the composition of the suspending solution via inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) demonstrated incongruent material dissolution and measurable release of all four metal constituents (Li, Mn, Co, and Ni) into solution. Speciation modeling and assessment of bacterial response to metal ion exposure (via cell growth and respiration measurements) established that the observed bacterial inhibition arose from the metal ions released from the NMC, with the largest effects arising from Ni(II) and Co(II) species.
Printing Isolated Features with k<sub> 1</sub>= 0.2 Using Multiple-Pupil Exposure (1996)

Recently, we have investigated the effects of radially non-symmetric pupil filters and multiple-pupil exposure sequences in optical lithography [to appear in: Proc. SPIE 2726 (1996)]. Based on numerical simulations we predicted that extremely narrow lines could be delineated using the superposition of exposures with symmetric and anti-symmetric pupil functions. Here, we present experimental results verifying this prediction. Using conventional masks and a pupil filtering i-line stepper with a numerical aperture of 0.4, we were able to achieve linewidths of 0.18 µm in 1.0 µm thick positive photoresist, with a depth of focus of 1 µm.
Human primary fibroblasts in vitro express a purinergic P2X7 receptor coupled to ion fluxes, microvesicle formation and IL-6 release (1999)

We have investigated reponses to extracellular ATP in human fibroblasts obtained by skin biopsies. Our data show that these cells express a P2X7 purinergic receptor, as judged by (1) RT-PCR with specific primers, (2) reactivity with a specific anti-P2X7 antiserum, (3) activation by the selective P2X agonist benzoylbenzoylATP and (4) stimulation of transmembrane ion fluxes. Stimulation with benzoylbenzoylATP, and to a lesser extent with ATP, also caused striking morphological changes and increased formation of cytoplasmic microvesicles. These changes were fully reversible upon nucleotide removal. Two known blockers of P2X receptors, oxidised ATP and pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid, inhibited the morphological changes fully and the ion fluxes partially. The residual rise in intracellular Ca2+ levels and membrane depolarization observed in the presence of the inhibitors were dependent upon activation of a P2Y-type receptor exhibiting a peculiar pharmacological profile, in that CTP was the preferred agonist. ATP stimulation triggered release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in fibroblasts pre-treated with PMA and bacterial endotoxin. These observations reveal a novel pathway for fibroblast activation and for their recruitment in the inflammatory response.
Compensation processes in nitrogen doped ZnSe (1992)

We have examined the compensation processes in nitrogen doped ZnSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Two independent donor–acceptor pair emission processes have been observed in photoassisted grown layers and detailed temperature dependence measurements have allowed us to conclude that a deep compensation donor with a binding energy of 44 meV exists in more heavily doped material. We propose that the compensating donor is a complex involving a native defect such as the (VSe-Zn-NSe) single donor and this suggestion is supported by the observation of changes in the carrier concentration profile with time.
Ethers‐Sels de L'hexahydroxybenzène (composés planradiaires IV) (1937)

Abstract En poursuivant les recherches sur les composés planradiaires, nous avons étudié les éthers‐sels de l'hexahydroxybenzène. Lorsque les six groupes latéraux (restes d'acides) ont des chaînes ramifiées symétriquement, les composés présentent les phénomènes des “molécules remplies”: fusion à température élevée, solubilité faible, cristallisation facile et simple. Les règles que nous avons établies sur l'influence de la ramification et de la symétrie se trouvent confirmées dans tous les cas.
The logical design of operating systems (1987)

The logical design of operating systems , The logical design of operating systems , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Matching network optimization for indoor MIMO (2010)

In our recent research, we study a novel matching network by using nolinear optimization method for excellent capacity performance of MIMO system. Most of the matching methods in previous research neglect the mutual coupling (MC) effects. In this paper, we focus on a new multi-port matching network synthesis method that not only takes account of the mutual coupling of antennas on the transmitters/receivers but also the coupling between the transmission lines that connect the receiver antennas and the loads. In this novel synthesis method, we 1) build a rigorous analysis model of the MIMO channel with a matching network by using the MultiLevel Green's Function Interpolation Method+Geometric Optical method (MLGFIM+GO) recently developed by ourselves that can be used to handle the mutual coupling of the antennas systems efficiently, and second set the capacity as the target functions and 2) employ the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize the matching network. Here, we simulate the capacity of a 2×2 array with matching networks considering MC. The numerical results in this paper demonstrate that the designed matching network can gain higher MIMO channel capacity than the matching network without considering the MC.
Ultrasound Tomography of the Breast Using Linear Arrays (2006)

An approach for tomographic reconstructions of the sound velocity distribution and attenuation coefficient distribution in the breast using linear arrays is proposed. The time-of-flight and attenuation data are acquired by a linear array positioned at the top of a compressed breast and a metal plate is placed at the bottom as a reflector. The refraction effects on the attenuation data are compensated using a technique based on the angular spectrum method. A reconstruction algorithm based on a convex programming formulation and incorporating the segmentation information from the B-mode image is used. The experimental setup includes a phantom made of materials mimicking different tissues in the breast. Results show that obtaining the sound velocity distribution and attenuation coefficient distribution is feasible with the proposed algorithm under current B-mode imaging setup with linear arrays. Such an imaging method has the potential of enhancing the breast cancer detection.
β-Cryptoxanthin Restores Nicotine-Reduced Lung SIRT1 to Normal Levels and Inhibits Nicotine-Promoted Lung Tumorigenesis and Emphysema in A/J Mice (2012)

Nicotine, a large constituent of cigarette smoke, is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, but the data supporting this relationship are inconsistent. Here, we found that nicotine treatment not only induced emphysema but also increased both lung tumor multiplicity and volume in 4-nitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-initiated lung cancer in A/J mice. This tumor-promoting effect of nicotine was accompanied by significant reductions in survival probability and lung Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression, which has been proposed as a tumor suppressor. The decreased level of SIRT1 was associated with increased levels of AKT phosphorylation and interleukin (il)-6 mRNA but decreased tumor suppressor p53 and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-β mRNA levels in the lungs. Using this mouse model, we then determined whether β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), a xanthophyll that is strongly associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer in several cohort studies, can inhibit nicotine-induced emphysema and lung tumorigenesis. We found that BCX supplementation at two different doses was associated with reductions of the nicotine-promoted lung tumor multiplicity and volume, as well as emphysema in mice treated with both NNK and nicotine. Moreover, BCX supplementation restored the nicotine-suppressed expression of lung SIRT1, p53, and RAR-β to that of the control group, increased survival probability, and decreased the levels of lung il-6 mRNA and phosphorylation of AKT. The present study indicates that BCX is a preventive agent against emphysema and lung cancer with SIRT1 as a potential target. In addition, our study establishes a relevant animal lung cancer model for studying tumor growth within emphysematous microenvironments.
Traffic Estimation And Prediction Based On Real Time Floating Car Data (2008)

The knowledge of the actual current state of the road traffic and its short-term evolution for the entire road network is a basic component of ATIS (advanced traveler information systems) and ATMS (advanced traffic management system) applications. In this view the use of real-time floating-car data (FCD), based on traces of GPS positions, is emerging as a reliable and cost-effective way to gather accurate travel times/speeds in a road network and to improve short-term predictions of travel conditions. The purpose of this paper is to present a large-scale working application of FCD-system, developed and operated by OCTOTelematics, delivering real-time traffic speed information throughout the Italian motorway network and along some important arterial streets located in major Italian metropolitan areas. Traffic speed estimates are deduced at an interval of 3 minutes from GPS traces transmitted in real-time from a large number (and still growing) of privately owned cars (about 600.000) equipped with a specific device covering a range of insurance-related applications. This paper also proposes two algorithms, respectively based on artificial neural networks and pattern-matching, designed to on-line perform short-term (15 to 30 minutes) predictions of link travel speeds by using current and near-past link average speeds estimated by the OCTOTelematics FCD system. The Rome ring road (GRA-Grande Raccordo Anulare) was used for testing the feasibility of the two algorithms. Testing results showed that the proposed approaches for short-term predictions are very promising and effective.
Dinitrobenzene detection by use of one-color laser photolysis and laser-induced fluorescence of vibrationally excited NO (1999)

Trace concentrations of 1, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNB) are detected by a combination of laser photolysis and laser-induced fluorescence. A one-color laser is applied to induce DNB photodissociation and for subsequent detection of NO photofragments by excitation and emission through A(v' =0) <-- X(v" = 0 - 2) and A(v' =0) --> X(v" = 0,1) transitions, respectively. The resulting NO rovibrational excitation spectra serve as markers for the presence of DNB. The NO is produced in vibrational ground and excited states with peak height ratios of (v" = 0):(v" = 1):(v" = 2) = 1:0.5:0.13. The limits of detection of DNB mixed with 100 or 500 Torr of air with v" = 2 excitation at 248 nm are 13 and 11 parts in 10(9) by weight, respectively, for a 30-s integration time. The application of this scheme for DNB detection has the advantage that no ambient ground state NO interferes and that the fluorescence is collected at shorter wavelengths than the exciting radiation, precluding background fluorescence.