gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Music Literature and Its Dealers (1966)

Articles have appeared recently in British journals through which prominent music antiquarians have spoken out concerning themselves and their work.1 There is nothing new about booksellers expressing themselves in print, but seldom have the music antiquarians made an appearance. This is not surprising, since the science which music literature dealers serve is a relatively new one. With the tremendous increase in musicological activity in the United States, which implies the publication of a great quantity of literature, the American scholar and librarian has had to depend on the European antiquarian for his books and music. While few of these gentlemen have ever grown wealthy from selling music literature, their successes have governed their selling interests as well: several recent catalogues from Europe have been of the 100 rare items type, containing very rare and splendid books, though the issue is sometimes strained. This adds prestige to the antiquarian and serves an immensely useful purpose. Furthermore, these men collect and preserve these books with exceptional care. At the same time, the European dealer is also concerned with the smaller needs of his clientele and until recently has had a great price advantage over his American colleagues. It is quite obvious that with the amount of literature now being published, with the increase in building of libraries, with more money available for the purchase of books and music, and with an increasing number of students turning to musicology, the problem of distributing the publications can no longer be the entire responsibility of the Europeans. No doubt the European dealer will continue to have the advantage over the American in rare and out-of-print books, but what of those everyday tools of students or scholars? There is a limit to the volume which any bookseller can handle. Let us suppose that a librarian or scholar has found a bookseller who impresses him. What should the relationship be? I have found most of my colleagues to be first of all musicians-some of them at one time pro-
The dominant role of CD8<sup>+</sup>dendritic cells in cross-presentation is not dictated by antigen capture (2006)

Mouse spleens contain three populations of conventional (CD11c(high)) dendritic cells (DCs) that play distinct functions. The CD8(+) DC are unique in that they can present exogenous antigens on their MHC class I molecules, a process known as cross-presentation. It is unclear whether this special ability is because only the CD8(+) DC can capture the antigens used in cross-presentation assays, or because this is the only DC population that possesses specialized machinery for cross-presentation. To solve this important question we examined the splenic DC subsets for their ability to both present via MHC class II molecules and cross-present via MHC class I using four different forms of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). These forms include a cell-associated form, a soluble form, OVA expressed in bacteria, or OVA bound to latex beads. With the exception of bacterial antigen, which was poorly cross-presented by all DC, all antigenic forms were cross-presented much more efficiently by the CD8(+) DC. This pattern could not be attributed simply to a difference in antigen capture because all DC subsets presented the antigen via MHC class II. Indeed, direct assessments of endocytosis showed that CD8(+) and CD8(-) DC captured comparable amounts of soluble and bead-associated antigen, yet only the CD8(+) DC cross-presented these antigenic forms. Our results indicate that cross-presentation requires specialized machinery that is expressed by CD8(+) DC but largely absent from CD8(-) DC. This conclusion has important implications for the design of vaccination strategies based on antigen targeting to DC.
Enabling Dense Spatial Reuse in mmWave Networks (2018)

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) networks can deliver multi-Gbps wireless links that use extremely narrow directional beams. This provides us with a new way to exploit spatial reuse in order to scale network throughput. In this work, we present MilliNet, the first millimeter wave network that can exploit dense spatial reuse to allow many links to operate in parallel in a confined space and scale the wireless throughput with the number of clients. Results from a 60 GHz testbed show that MilliNet can deliver a total wireless network data rate of more than 38 Gbps for 10 clients which is 5.8× higher than current 802.11 mmWave standards.
The disulphide bridges in a cellobiohydrolase and an endoglucanase from <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> (1984)

The positions of the disulphide bridges of the 1,4-beta-glucan cellobiohydrolase (CBH I) of the fungus Trichoderma reesei have been investigated. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) The enzyme contains 12 disulphide bridges and no free cysteine residues. (2) The location of six disulphide bridges have been determined experimentally. (3) The bonding patterns of the two disulphide bridges in the C-terminal region is suggested on the basis of internal homology. (4) The remaining four disulphide bridges are put into two groups, each containing four half-cystine residues where two are adjacent. (5) A repeating bonding pattern is observed along the peptide chain and a non-local disulphide bond with an unusually long separation distance links the N-terminal and the C-terminal region. (6) The disulphide-bonded CNBr peptides of a 1,4-beta-glucan glucanohydrolase (endoglucanase II) from T. reesei have been isolated and a disulphide bonding pattern is suggested on the basis of the sequence homology between the two enzymes.
Tissue temperature control using a water-cooled applicator: Implications for transurethral laser-induced thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia (1997)

A prototype to a water-cooled applicator to be used in transurethral laser-induced thermotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia was developed. The flexible applicator was made of Teflon tubes except for the distal outer part which was made of glass, providing a transparent medium for laser radiation and enabling efficient cooling of the surrounding tissue. For heating, laser light from a Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 nm, which was coupled into an optical fiber with an institutionally made diffusing tip, was used. Cooling was performed by flushing water through the applicator. By using a mathematical model it was possible to connect the temperature rise of the water in the applicator to the maximum tissue temperature. Tissue light absorption was calculated using Monte Carlo simulations and the heat conduction equation was solved numerically using a finite-difference technique. Experiments on porcine liver in vitro showed that the maximum tissue temperature could be estimated with an average accuracy of 0.4 degree C by measuring the difference in outlet and inlet applicator water temperature and using the thermal model. The results presented suggest that the described method for temperature control can be used during laser prostatectomy to maximize the lesion size while preventing carbonization.
Prosthetics in Tympanoplasty (1960)

With the advent of stapes mobilization and tympanoplasty, we have all become interested in the problem of restoring the continuity of the sound-conducting mechanism. Due to these operations, we have seen or perhaps become more aware of this problem than in the past. Interruption of the mechanism by disease is seen frequently in our tympanoplasties, and we have heard this week about congenital malformations and stapedial fractures. Certainly, we have been exposed to a lot of physiology in this Workshop. We have heard of Helmholtz and von Békésy, and this week Dr. Lawrence talked about the area factor, lever factor, hydraulic factor, and so forth. This all brings to us very clearly the importance of the sound transformer system. A little bit of history should be added. In 1948 Juers clinically began calling attention to the near-normal hearing achieved by applying the tympanic membrane to the stapes in myringostapediopexy operations.
The coordinated functional expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and c-Met in colorectal carcinoma metastasis. (2001)

The process of metastasis is a highly selective, nonrandom process resulting in the clonal selection of a population of cells that is able to detach from the primary tumor, invade and survive in the circulation, arrest, extravasate, and ultimately survive and proliferate in the secondary organ-specific site. Tumor cell interactions with the microenvironment can profoundly influence the survival and proliferation of the cell at a secondary site. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) are two such receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that have been causally implicated in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) progression and metastasis. Activation of these RTKs can stimulate a number of specific pathways directly effecting tumor cell migration, survival and proliferation. The aberrant regulation of the RTKs is often noted in advanced CRC and its' liver metastases and can significantly effect the metastatic phenotype of tumor cells.
Application of Generative Autoencoder in <i>De Novo</i> Molecular Design (2017)

A major challenge in computational chemistry is the generation of novel molecular structures with desirable pharmacological and physiochemical properties. In this work, we investigate the potential use of autoencoder, a deep learning methodology, for de novo molecular design. Various generative autoencoders were used to map molecule structures into a continuous latent space and vice versa and their performance as structure generator was assessed. Our results show that the latent space preserves chemical similarity principle and thus can be used for the generation of analogue structures. Furthermore, the latent space created by autoencoders were searched systematically to generate novel compounds with predicted activity against dopamine receptor type 2 and compounds similar to known active compounds not included in the trainings set were identified.
Requirement for Microglia for the Maintenance of Synaptic Function and Integrity in the Mature Retina (2016)

Microglia, the principal resident immune cell population in the CNS, has been implicated in diseases in the brain and retina. However, how they contribute to the everyday function of the CNS is unclear. Using the model of the adult mouse retina, we examined the constitutive role of microglia by depleting microglia from the retina. We found that in the absence of microglia, retinal neurons did not undergo overt cell death or become structurally disorganized in their processes. However, connections between neurons called synapses begin to break down, leading to a decreased ability of the retina to transmit light responses. Our results indicate that retinal microglia contribute constitutively to the maintenance of synapses underlying healthy vision.
The Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on the Skeletal Pattern (1978)

This paper reviews the principal scientific investigations into the effect of orthodontic treatment on the skeletal pattern. Both animal experiments and human studies are considered, covering attempts to move the upper jaw posteriorly by extra-oral forces and to move the mandible anteriorly, by functional appliances, or posteriorly, by use of a chin cap. It is concluded that if such changes occur, they are small in amount and prolong the treatment time unduly.
High Peak Power Fiber Laser Technologies (2006)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Galvanauskas, "High Peak Power Fiber Laser Technologies," in Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications/Coherent Optical Technologies and Applications, OSA Technical Digest Series(CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper OSuA2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Regulation of Id1 and Its Association with Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins during Nerve Growth Factor-Induced Differentiation of PC12 Cells (1995)

Cell differentiation in the nervous system is dictated by specific patterns of gene expression. We have investigated the role of helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins during differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells in response to nerve growth factor. Gel mobility shift assays using PC12 cell nuclear extracts demonstrated that active basic HLH complexes exist throughout differentiation. Addition of exogeneous Id1 protein, a negative regulator of basic HLH proteins, disrupted specific complexes formed by PC12 cell nuclear extracts on a CANNTG consensus oligonucleotide. To identify possible novel basic HLH proteins in these complexes, a glutathione S-transferase-Id1 fusion protein was used to screen a PC12 cell cDNA expression library. A single clone representing the rat E2-2 gene was identified. Sequential immunoprecipitations with antibodies to each HLH protein revealed an association between Id1 and E2-2 that could be detected in both untreated and nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cell lysates. These experiments define a new HLH interaction between Id1 and E2-2 in neuronal cells and suggest that neuronal differentiation may be regulated by HLH proteins in a distinctive manner.
Virus-cell interactions necessary for adeno-associated virus vector-mediated gene delivery to the conducting airway epithelium (2011)

Vectors based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) are promising candidates for gene therapy of a variety of genetic diseases due to their ability to provide safe and efficient delivery of therapeutic genes to multiple tissues. The airway epithelium is an important target for gene therapy of diseases affecting the lung, such as cystic fibrosis. In this dissertation, we sought to examine AAV vector-mediated transduction of the airway epithelium to identify important factors necessary for virus-cell interactions. Previously, it was observed that AAV serotype 6 (AAV6) demonstrates efficient transduction of both human airway epithelial cell cultures and the conducting airway epithelium of the mouse lung. Our first goal was to identify the domain of the AAV6 capsid that is responsible for conferring this favorable transduction phenotype. To address this, we constructed capsid chimeras between AAV6 and a serotype that does not target cells of the conducting airway, AAV9. By swapping specific capsid domains between these two serotypes, we discovered that incorporating variable regions IV-V of the AAV6 capsid into the homologous region of the AAV9 capsid conferred efficient conducting airway transduction onto AAV9. In addition to studying the capsid interactions necessary for AAV6 transduction, we also sought to understand the biology of AAV9 by identifying the cellular receptor for this serotype. Although AAV9 does not transduce conducting airway, it demonstrates efficient transduction of the alveolar epithelium of the lung, as well as many other tissues. Through a series of in vitro cell binding and transduction assays, we determined that AAV9 uses galactose as a receptor. This discovery led to a novel pharmacologic approach for enhancing AAV9 lung transduction. Pre-treating mice with an intranasal instillation of neuraminidase, to cleave sialic acid residues from the cell surface and expose the underlying galactose saccharides, led to robust conducting airway transduction by AAV9. Further, we mapped the galactose binding domain of AAV9 to five specific amino acids that form a pocket on the surface of the capsid. Overall, we discovered many important characteristics governing AAV capsid interactions with cells of the conducting airway, allowing for the potential engineering of improved lung gene therapeutics.
Lattice strain in bulk GaN epilayers grown on CrN/sapphire template (2009)

Microphotoluminescence spectroscopy is used to investigate local strain in GaN films grown on c-sapphire with CrN buffer, where the CrN buffer is partly etched. Biaxial compressive strain dominates GaN films grown on CrN buffer/c-plane sapphire. The emission energies of D0X, FXA, and FXA-1LO emission lines shift gradually from a high value to a low one, as the excitation laser beam scans from the unetched side of the sample to the etched side, while the emission intensities show only a slight change. No cracking occurs in the GaN film during etching except a change in bending of the detached part of the GaN film from convex to concave as determined by surface profiler. Both the lattice parameter and the energy position of the bound exciton emission peaks from a completely detached GaN are almost the same as those reported for strain-free GaN. The line width of the (0002) ω scan of a GaN film is narrowed from 352 to 331 arc sec through detaching presumably due to decrease in bending. Those properties suggest that gradual lattice strain relaxation takes place in GaN layers grown on CrN buffer as etching of CrN buffer proceeds and that the chemical lift-off enables to detach a GaN film from a sapphire substrate without generating defects.
SYNTHESIS OF <scp>Dl</scp>-VALIDOXYLAMINE A (1982)

Abstract The first total synthesis of Dl-validoxylamine A, one of the components of the antibiotic validamycin complex, is described.
Capillary electrophoresis and electrochemical detection of underivatized oligo‐ and polysaccharides with surfactant‐controlled electroosmotic flow (1996)

Complex polysaccharide mixtures were analyzed directly without derivatization by capillary zone electrophoresis in strongly alkaline solutions and electrochemical detection at a Cu electrode. The positively charged surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was included in the electrophoresis medium in order to reverse the electroosmotic flow and permit elution to be in order of increasing polysaccharide size. Carbohydrate samples analyzed by this approach included linear maltoses, enzymatically hydrolyzed starch, and commercially available dextrans of up to an average molecular weight of 18,300. Detection by constant-potential oxidation at a Cu electrode was very sensitive, with detection limits for individual carbohydrates generally below the femtomole level.
High misfit epitaxial growth: Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−<i>x</i> thin films on (100)BaF2 substrates (1991)

In situ epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7−x superconducting thin films on (100)BaF2 substrates has been successful by an off-axis dc planar magnetron sputtering method. The zero-resistance temperatures of these thin films are about 81–84 K with transition width of 1.5 K. The characteristics of the films were examined by x-ray diffraction, reflection high energy electron diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy ion channeling techniques, and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results suggest that BaF2 is a promising material as substrates or buffer layers for the epitaxial growth of high Tc superconducting thin films, especially in high frequency applications. Discussions on the heteroepitaxy of the YBCO/BaF2 system are propounded.
Innentitelbild: Synergistic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Palladium‐Catalyzed Umpolung 1,4‐Addition of Aryl Iodides to Enals (Angew. Chem. 1/2020) (2019)

NHC-Organokatalyse (NHC=N-heterocyclisches Carben) in Gegenwart von Übergangsmetallen ist schwierig, wegen der hohen Affinität von NHCs für Metalle. J. Mao, P. J. Walsh et al. präsentieren in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 167 ein System für die konjugierte Addition von Aryliodiden an Enale durch kooperative Katalyse zwischen einem NHC- und einem Pd-Katalysator. Die Katalysezyklen überschneiden sich bei Pd, wo die beiden neu gebildeten Pd-C-Bindungen eine reduktive Eliminierung unter Bildung einer C-C-Bindung eingehen.
Scavenging Ratios in an Urban Area in the Spanish Basque Country (2004)

For a period of six years (1995–2000) the scavenging ratio, which is the ratio of a pollutant's concentration in water to its concentration in air, collected at an urban site in the Spanish Basque Country was studied. The aerosol is characterized by SO4 2− and NO3− with 1.79 and 1.61 μg m−3, respectively. Greater fractions of SO4 2−, NO3−, and NH4+ ions were present in the fine particle range, while greater fractions of other ions appeared in the coarse range. The most important species found in the precipitation is SO4 2− with 3.0 mg l−1. NO3−, Ca2+, and Cl− are the second most important ions. The volume-weighted mean concentration of H+ is 4.6 μg l−1 (pH = 5.3). The concentration of all analyzed ions (except H+) decreases throughout the rain event, showing the washout phenomenon of the rainwater. The scavenging ratio for the anthropogenic ions NO3−, SO4 2−, NH4+, and K+ is lower than the scavenging ratio for the marine-terrigenous ions, Cl−, Na+, and Ca2+.
Temperature dependence of the electronic structure of oxides: MgO, MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (1990)

We have studied the room temperature optical reflectivity of MgO, MgAl2O4, and α-Al2O3 from 5 to 40eV using a novel spectrophotometer with a laser plasma light source. Structure in the imaginary component of the dielectric response is analysed using critical point line shapes, and the origins of the major transitions in MgO and MgAl2O4 are determined using an ab initio pseudofunction band structure calculation of MgO. The exciton reflectivity has been studied in the three materials at temperatures between 300 and 1500 K, and exciton-phonon coupling appears to increase from MgO to α-Al2O3. The temperature dependence of the higher lying interband transitions in MgO has been determined to 1100 K, and we find that while the temperature dependence of the onset transitions at Γ and X are nearly identical (− 1.22meV/K at Γ), higher lying transitions have very different temperature dependences. Furthermore with increasing temperature the X point valence band separation increases at a rate of 0.38meV/K, while the conduction band separation at X decreases at −0.41meV/K.
Contents (2013)

A collection of essays about the Colonial Medical Service of Africa in which a group of distinguished colonial historians illustrate the diversity and active collaborations to be found in the untidy reality of government medical provision. The authors present important case studies in a series of essays covering former British colonial dependencies in Africa, including Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zanzibar. These studies reveal many new insights into the enactments of colonial policy and the ways in which colonial doctors negotiated the day-to-day reality during the height of Imperial rule in Africa. The book provides essential reading for scholars and students of colonial history, medical history and colonial administration.
Production of Recombinant Proteins in the<i>lon</i>-Deficient BL21(DE3) Strain of<i>Escherichia coli</i>in the Absence of the DnaK Chaperone (2009)

To eliminate unavoidable contamination of purified recombinant proteins by DnaK, we present a unique approach employing a BL21(DE3) DeltadnaK strain of Escherichia coli. Selected representative purified proteins remained soluble, correctly assembled, and active. This finding establishes DnaK dispensability for protein production in BL21(DE3), which is void of Lon protease, key to eliminating unfolded proteins.