gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Medium-Chain Fatty Acid, Capric Acid, Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation via the Suppression of NF-κB Signaling and Blocks Cytoskeletal Organization and Survival in Mature Osteoclasts (2014)

Fatty acids, important components of a normal diet, have been reported to play a role in bone metabolism. Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that are responsible for many bone-destructive diseases such as osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the impact of a medium-chain fatty acid, capric acid, on the osteoclast differentiation, function, and survival induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF). Capric acid inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow-derived macrophages and suppressed RANKL-induced IκBα phosphorylation, p65 nuclear translocation, and NF-κB transcriptional activity. Capric acid further blocked the RANKL-stimulated activation of ERK without affecting JNK or p38. The induction of NFATc1 in response to RANKL was also attenuated by capric acid. In addition, capric acid abrogated M-CSF and RANKL-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization, which is crucial for the efficient bone resorption of osteoclasts. Capric acid also increased apoptosis in mature osteoclasts through the induction of Bim expression and the suppression of ERK activation by M-CSF. Together, our results reveal that capric acid has inhibitory effects on osteoclast development. We therefore suggest that capric acid may have potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of bone resorption-associated disorders.
Cloning and Characterization of a Novel RING-B-box-Coiled-coil Protein with Apoptotic Function (2003)

We have identified a novel RING-B-box-coiled-coil (RBCC) protein (MAIR for macrophage-derived apoptosis-inducing RBCC protein) that consists of an N-terminal RING finger, followed by a B-box zinc finger, a coiled-coil domain, and a B30.2 domain. MAIR mRNA was expressed widely in mouse tissues and was induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor in murine peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages. MAIR protein initially showed a granular distribution predominantly in the cytoplasm. The addition of zinc to transfectants containing MAIR cDNA as part of a heavy metal-inducible vector caused apoptosis of the cells characterized by cell fragmentation; a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential; activation of caspase-7, -8, and -9, but not caspase-3; and DNA degradation. We also found that the RING finger and coiled-coil domains were required for MAIR activity by analysis with deletion mutants.
Observation of the Critical Regime Near Anderson Localization of Light (2006)

The transition from diffusive transport to localization of waves should occur for any type of classical or quantum wave in any media as long as the wavelength becomes comparable to the transport mean free path l*. The signatures of localization and those of absorption, or bound states, can, however, be similar, such that an unequivocal proof of the existence of wave localization in disordered bulk materials is still lacking. Here we present time resolved measurements of light transport through strongly scattering samples with kl* values as low as 2.5. In transmission, we observe deviations from diffusion which cannot be explained by absorption, sample geometry, or reduction in transport velocity. Furthermore, the deviations from classical diffusion increase strongly with decreasing l* as expected for a phase transition. This constitutes an experimental realization of the critical regime in the approach to Anderson localization.
Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) and Glasgow Coma Scores as predictors of outcome from intensive care after cardiac arrest (1991)

The APACHE II scoring system cannot be recommended as a prognostic tool to support clinical judgement in cardiac arrest patients, but by modifying it, a more accurate prediction of poor outcome could be achieved. The Glasgow Coma Score explained to a great extent the predictive power of the APACHE II.
Prognostic factors in leukemia and lymphoma (1995)

The medical literature contains large numbers of reports on the clinical, laboratory, and biologic properties of the leukemias and lymphomas, the clinical relevance of which is largely unknown. This review focuses on the statistical criteria required for the design and interpretation of prognostic factor studies and discusses recent reports regarding potential pretreatment, treatment response, and biologic factors of leukemia and lymphomas that may, on further investigation, have applicability in predicting response to a given therapy.
Origins of domestication and polyploidy in oca (<i>Oxalis tuberosa</i>: Oxalidaceae): nrDNA ITS data (1998)

As part of a study aimed at elucidating the origins of the octoploid tuber crop "oca," Oxalis tuberosa, DNA sequences of the internal trancribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA ITS) were determined for oca and several wild Oxalis species, mostly from Bolivia. Phylogenetic analysis of these data supports a group of these species as being close relatives of oca, in agreement with morphology and cytology, but at odds with traditional infrageneric taxonomy. Variation in ITS sequences within this group is quite low (0-7 substitutions in the entire ITS region), contrasting with the highly divergent (unalignable in some cases) sequences within the genus overall. Some groups of morphologically differentiated species were found to have identical sequences, notably a group that includes oca, wild populations of Oxalis that bear small tubers, and several other clearly distinct species. The presence of a second, minor sequence type in at least some oca accessions suggests a possible contribution from a second genome donor, also from within this same species group. ITS data lack sufficient variation to elucidate the origins of oca precisely, but have identified a pool of candidate species and so can be used as a tool to screen yet unsampled species for possible progenitors.
New Insights on the Mechanisms of Disease Course Variability in ALS from Mutant SOD1 Mouse Models (2016)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a heterogeneous disease in terms of progression rate and survival. This is probably one of the reasons for the failure of many clinical trials and the lack of effective therapies. Similar variability is also seen in SOD1(G93A) mouse models based on their genetic background. For example, when the SOD1(G93A) transgene is expressed in C57BL6 background the phenotype is mild with slower disease progression than in the 129Sv mice expressing the same amount of transgene but showing faster progression and shorter lifespan. This review summarizes and discusses data obtained from the analysis of these two mouse models under different aspects such as the motor phenotype, neuropathological alterations in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the motor neuron autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms with the aim of finding elements to explain the different rates of disease progression. We also discuss the identification of promising prognostic biomarkers by comparative analysis of the two ALS mouse models. This analysis might possibly suggest new strategies for effective therapeutic intervention in ALS to slow significantly or even block the course of the disease.
Enhanced lateral premotor activity during paradoxical gait in Parkinson's disease (1999)

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients often show marked improvement of hypokinetic gait when exposed to special stimuli. To investigate physiological mechanisms underlying this "paradoxical gait" induced by visual cues in PD patients, we examined regional cerebral blood flow changes during gait on a treadmill guided by two different visual cues, the lines oriented transversely to the direction of walk (TL) and the lines parallel to it (PL). Ten PD patients and 10 age-matched controls received injections of 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime twice, once during each walking condition. Brain perfusion images were obtained by single-photon emission computed tomography. When affected by TL, PD patients showed marked improvement of gait parameters, mainly reduction of cadence. In regional cerebral blood flow analysis, when TL was compared with PL, both groups had common activation in the posterior parietal cortex and cerebellar hemispheres. Especially in the right lateral premotor cortex, PD patients showed enhanced activation induced by TL to a significantly greater degree than the controls. The present study indicates that the network dedicated to visuomotor control, particularly the lateral premotor cortex, plays an important role in the development of the paradoxical gait induced by special visual stimuli in PD patients.
Gigabit complementary HFET communication circuits: 16:1 multiplexer, 1:16 demultiplexer and 16×16 crosspoint switch (2002)

Three high-speed, low-power integrated circuits are intended for data communication applications in space. A 16:1 multiplexer (1.8 Gb/s, 53 mW), 1:16 demultiplexer (1.1 Gbps/96 mW) and 16/spl times/16 crosspoint switch (1.0 Gb/s, 510 mW) circuits are fabricated using a 0.7 /spl mu/m complementary heterojunction field effect transistor (CHFET) process with cut-off frequencies of about 30 GHz for n-channel and about 6 GHz for p-channel transistors.
Inorganic Free Radicals in Solution. (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInorganic Free Radicals in Solution.N. UriCite this: Chem. Rev. 1952, 50, 3, 375–454Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60157a003https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60157a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views864Altmetric-Citations228LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mitigating the Effects of Nonadherence in Clinical Trials (2015)

Accounting for subject nonadherence and eliminating inappropriate subjects in clinical trials are critical elements of a successful study. Nonadherence can increase variance, lower study power, and reduce the magnitude of treatment effects. Inappropriate subjects (including those who do not have the illness under study, fail to report exclusionary conditions, falsely report medication adherence, or participate in concurrent trials) confound safety and efficacy signals. This paper, a product of the International Society for CNS Clinical Trial Methodology (ISCTM) Working Group on Nonadherence in Clinical Trials, explores and models nonadherence in clinical trials and puts forth specific recommendations to identify and mitigate its negative effects. These include statistical analyses of nonadherence data, novel protocol design, and the use of biomarkers, subject registries, and/or medication adherence technologies.
A bit-stream digital-to-analog converter with 18-b resolution (1991)

A two-channel differential 18-b bit-stream digital-to-analog converter implemented in a 2.5- mu m BiCMOS process with 7.3-mm/sup 2/ chip area is described. The circuit contains two identical 1-b D-to-A conversion channels on one single chip. Each channel consists of a digital input part, a switched-capacitor D-to-A network, and two high-performance operational amplifiers. Total harmonic distortion plus noise is better than -102 dB. The dynamic range is more than 108 dB, giving a true 18-b resolution. Output operational-amplifier distortion is below 120 dB at full-scale signal. System design considerations, implementation, and measured results of the IC are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Demonstration of soliton transmission over more than 4000 km in fiber with loss periodically compensated by Raman gain (1988)

By recirculating 55-psec soliton pulses (λs ~ 1600 nm) many times around a closed 42-km loop with loss exactly compensated by Raman gain (λp ~ 1497 nm), we have successfully demonstrated pulse transmission, without electronic regeneration, over distances in excess of 4000 km.
Molecular Dissection of Domains in Mutant Presenilin 2 That Mediate Overproduction of Amyloidogenic Forms of Amyloid β Peptides (1998)

Mutations in presenilin (PS) 1 or PS2 genes account for the majority of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease, and these mutations have been shown to increase production of species of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) ending at residue 42, i.e. the most amyloidogenic form of Abeta. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms whereby mutant PS induces overproduction of Abeta42, we constructed cDNAs encoding mutant and/or truncated forms of PS2 and examined the secretion of Abeta42 from COS or neuro2a cells transfected with these genes. Cells expressing full-length PS2 harboring both N141I and M239V mutations in the same polypeptide induced overproduction of Abeta42, although the levels of Abeta42 were comparable with those in cells engineered to express PS2 with one or the other of these PS2 mutations. In contrast, cells engineered to express partially truncated PS2 (eliminating the COOH-terminal third of PS2 while retaining the endoproteolytic NH2-terminal fragment) and harboring a N141I mutation, as well as cells expressing COOH-terminal fragments of PS2, did not overproduce Abeta42, and the levels of Abeta42 were comparable with those in cells that expressed full-length, wild-type PS2 or fragments thereof. These data indicate that: (i) the Abeta42-promoting effects of mutant PS2 proteins reach the maximum level with a given single amino acid substitution (i.e. N141I or M239V); and (ii) the expression of full-length mutant PS2 is required for the overproduction of Abeta42. Hence, cooperative interactions of NH2- and COOH-terminal fragments generated from full-length mutant PS2 may be important for the overproduction of Abeta42 that may underlie familial Alzheimer's disease.
Pre‐clinical efficacy of PU‐H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma (2013)

Ewing sarcoma is characterized by multiple deregulated pathways that mediate cell survival and proliferation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a critical component of the multi-chaperone complexes that regulate the disposition and activity of a large number of proteins involved in cell-signaling systems. We tested the efficacy of PU-H71, a novel HSP90 inhibitor in Ewing sarcoma cell lines, primary samples, benign mesenchymal stromal cells and hematopoietic stem cells. We performed cell cycle analysis, clonogenic assay, immunoblot analysis and reverse phase protein array in Ewing cell lines and in vivo experiments in NSG and nude mice using the A673 cell line. We noted a significant therapeutic window in the activity of PU-H71 against Ewing cell lines and benign cells. PU-H71 treatment resulted in G2/M phase arrest. Exposure to PU-H71 resulted in depletion of critical proteins including AKT, pERK, RAF-1, c-MYC, c-KIT, IGF1R, hTERT and EWS-FLI1 in Ewing cell lines. Our results indicated that Ewing sarcoma tumor growth and the metastatic burden were significantly reduced in the mice injected with PU-H71 compared to the control mice. We also investigated the effects of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, alone and in combination with PU-H71 in Ewing sarcoma. Combination index (CI)-Fa plots and normalized isobolograms indicated synergism between PU-H71 and bortezomib. Ewing sarcoma xenografts were significantly inhibited when mice were treated with the combination compared to vehicle or either drug alone. This provides a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of PU-H71 alone and in combination with bortezomib in Ewing sarcoma.
Research of the input-parallel output-series inductive power transfer system (2015)

Input-parallel output-series (IPOS) inductive power transfer (IPT) system is suitable for high output voltage, high power or flexible output power levels applications. This paper makes a thorough study of the IPOS IPT system consisting of two modules. Considering the transformation of each module's equivalent load, the cross coupling between two transformers in IPOS system, the analysis of the output voltage gain and the input impedance is performed in the paper. This paper also researches the placement of the two transformer to reduce the cross coupling between the two contactless transformers. A 7 kW IPOS IPT prototype comprising two modules with interleaving control technique is fabricated with the maximum efficiency reaching 95.4%.
Electromotive Force of Hydrogen Isotope Cell with a High Temperature Proton‐Conducting Solid Electrolyte CaZr0.90In0.10 O 3 − α (1999)

The electromotive force (EMF) of hydrogen isotope cell with a proton‐conducting solid electrolyte was investigated at 500 ∼ 900°C. This kind of cell gave steady and reproducible EMF for which the side electrode was positive. The EMF could be explained by the two factors, i.e., the difference in mobilities of proton and deuteron in the electrolyte and the electrode reactions of and gases. The EMF of the cell for mixed isotope gases was nearly linear with the composition of hydrogen isotopes with a slight deviation and was consistent with such a mechanism of EMF of hydrogen isotope cell. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Reductive Cleavage of Dinitrogen by a Vanadium Diamidoamine Complex:  the Molecular Structures of [V(Me<sub>3</sub>SiN{CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NSiMe<sub>3</sub>}<sub>2</sub>)(μ-N)]<sub>2</sub> and K[V(Me<sub>3</sub>SiN{CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NSiMe<sub>3</sub>}<sub>2</sub>)(μ-N)]<sub>2</sub> (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTReductive Cleavage of Dinitrogen by a Vanadium Diamidoamine Complex: the Molecular Structures of [V(Me3SiN{CH2CH2NSiMe3}2)(μ-N)]2 and K[V(Me3SiN{CH2CH2NSiMe3}2)(μ-N)]2Guy K. B. Clentsmith, Vanessa M. E. Bates, Peter B. Hitchcock, and F. Geoffrey N. ClokeView Author Information The Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry Physics and Environmental Science University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 44, 10444–10445Publication Date (Web):October 23, 1999Publication History Received22 June 1999Published online23 October 1999Published inissue 1 November 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9921219https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9921219rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1604Altmetric-Citations170LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Ligands,Nitrides,Nitrogen,Vanadium Get e-Alerts
Metal-free Inorganic Ligands for Colloidal Nanocrystals: S<sup>2–</sup>, HS<sup>–</sup>, Se<sup>2–</sup>, HSe<sup>–</sup>, Te<sup>2–</sup>, HTe<sup>–</sup>, TeS<sub>3</sub><sup>2–</sup>, OH<sup>–</sup>, and NH<sub>2</sub><sup>–</sup> as Surface Ligands (2011)

All-inorganic colloidal nanocrystals were synthesized by replacing organic capping ligands on chemically synthesized nanocrystals with metal-free inorganic ions such as S(2-), HS(-), Se(2-), HSe(-), Te(2-), HTe(-), TeS(3)(2-), OH(-) and NH(2)(-). These simple ligands adhered to the NC surface and provided colloidal stability in polar solvents. The versatility of such ligand exchange has been demonstrated for various semiconductor and metal nanocrystals of different size and shape. We showed that the key aspects of Pearson's hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle, originally developed for metal coordination compounds, can be applied to the bonding of molecular species to the nanocrystal surface. The use of small inorganic ligands instead of traditional ligands with long hydrocarbon tails facilitated the charge transport between individual nanocrystals and opened up interesting opportunities for device integration of colloidal nanostructures.
Sound source distance estimation using a small-size microphone array (2012)

A method for estimating the sound source depth, i.e., the distance between a source and receiver, using a small-size array is proposed. The proposed method uses the spatial distribution pattern of quasi-independent signal components obtained by the frequency-domain independent component analysis (FDICA) as the cue for depth estimation. The quasi-independent components are calculated by applying FDICA to array signals with very high redundancy, for example, 60 microphone signals for a pair of sources; therefore, signal components associated with reflection signals are obtained even though they are correlated with the direct signal. Experimental evaluation using a small-size microphone array with a large number of elements confirms that the average (RMS) estimation error of the proposed method is 0.33 m, which is sufficiently accurate for our applications.
Thromboembolism in cancer. Changing trends (1993)

The multitude of classic manifestations of paraneoplastic thromboembolism (TE), including new aspects, are reviewed. This emphasizes the complexity of the situation that the physician faces in dealing with paraneoplastic TE. Unexplained TE may serve as a hint for the presence of a hidden tumor. However, efforts to uncover such an underlying malignancy often are unrewarding. The view has been expressed that it is inappropriate to conduct an extensive search for an occult neoplasm unless there are more specific indications. A recent study defined clues that might separate patients with TE and occult cancer from those unaffected by a malignant neoplasm. The study of the hemostatic alterations in patients with cancer underscores the triple role of cancer cells in the pathogenesis of TE: injury to the endothelial lining of blood vessels, activation of platelets, and activation of blood coagulation and depression of anticoagulant functions. The failure of standard anticoagulant treatment in many instances is better understood. Novel approaches to treatment include low-molecular-weight heparin(s) for long-term administration or, alternatively, the initial placement of a Greenfield filter in the vena cava instead of anticoagulant therapy. Either of these may provide superior results in comparison to standard heparin treatment.