gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Review: Free radicals, antioxidants, and the immune system. (2000)

Oxygen-derived free radicals are important in both natural and acquired immunity. Neutrophil and macrophage phagocytosis stimulates various cellular processes including the "respiratory burst" whereby increased cellular oxygen uptake results in the production of the potent oxidant bactericidal agents, hypochlorous acid and hydroxyl radical. In addition, nitric oxide, a gaseous radical produced by macrophages, reacts with superoxide to form peroxynitrite, also a potent bactericidal agent. Conversely, oxidative stress may be detrimental in acquired immunity by activation of nuclear factor kappa B, which governs gene expression involving various cytokines, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules, among others. However, antioxidant supplementation essentially reverses several age-associated immune deficiencies, resulting in increased levels of interleukin-2, elevated numbers of total lymphocytes and T-cell subsets, enhanced mitogen responsiveness, increased killer cell activity, augmented antibody response to antigen stimulation, decreased lipid peroxidation, and decreased prostaglandin synthesis.
A Fully Integrated Spread-Spectrum Clock Generator by Using Direct VCO Modulation (2008)

A compact architecture for a fully-integrated spread- spectrum clock generator (SSCG) using voltage-controlled oscillator direct modulation is presented in this paper. A dual-path loop filter in the phase-locked loop is employed to reduce the size of the capacitance in the filter with the aid of an extra charge pump and a unity gain amplifier. At the same time, a third-charge pump which generates triangular waves is used to perform the function of a spread-spectrum. The proposed circuit has been fabricated using a 0.35- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">mu</i> m CMOS single-poly quadruple-metal process. The clock rate from 50 to 480 MHz with a center spread range of between 0.5% and 2% are verified and are close to the theoretical analyses. The size of the chip area is 0.82 x 0.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (including the loop filter) and the power consumption was 27.5 mW at 400 MHz.
On Synchronizing with Web Service Evolution (2008)

To catch up with today's fast changing business markets, web services has never slowed down its paces for evolution. As a consequence, service consumers have to employ in-time upgrades to guarantee continuous business integrity and avoid unnecessary runtime errors in their IT systems. However, a new web service release can involve hundreds of changes, and thus it is non-trivial for the service consumer to rapidly track and adopt relevant changes. This paper proposes a framework for facilitating the service consumer to keep synchronized with the web service evolution. On the service side, a Service Invocation Monitor is installed to monitor the interaction history of the client, a Service Delta Analyzer exports the service delta into well-formatted document, and a Release Note Customizeris configured to customize the full release note produced using the monitored interaction history and exported service delta. On the client side, the Consumer Code Customizer is used by the consumer developer to highlight the code fragments to be changed and provide facilitation linkages between the code fragments and the customized release note. An example is shown to demonstrate the usefulness of our proposal.
Heterocyclic radical anions. II. Naphthalic and 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid derivatives (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterocyclic radical anions. II. Naphthalic and 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid derivativesStephen F. NelsenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 23, 5925–5931Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00999a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00999a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views456Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Randomized kinodynamic planning (2003)

The paper presents a state-space perspective on the kinodynamic planning problem, and introduces a randomized path planning technique that computes collision-free kinodynamic trajectories for high degree-of-freedom problems. By using a state space formulation, the kinodynamic planning problem is treated as a 2n-dimensional nonholonomic planning problem, derived from an n-dimensional configuration space. The state space serves the same role as the configuration space for basic path planning. The bases for the approach is the construction of a tree that attempts to rapidly and uniformly explore the state space, offering benefits that are similar to those obtained by successful randomized planning methods, but applies to a much broader class of problems. Some preliminary results are discussed for an implementation that determines the kinodynamic trajectories for hovercrafts and satellites in cluttered environments resulting in state spaces of up to twelve dimensions.
Neuropsychological assessment in mixed connective tissue disease: comparison with systemic lupus erythematosus (2012)

In the majority of MCTD patients, CF were not impaired and severe impairment was unusual. Cognitive functioning was most disturbed in NP-SLE. The cognitive deficits observed in connective tissue diseases can be connected with nervous system involvement.
Scanning Aggregation Phenomena in Crude Oils with Density Measurements (2004)

Abstract Aggregation phenomena involved in asphaltene precipitation under ambient conditions are studied in an effort to correlate them with the asphaltene deposition. The effects of compositional changes on the aggregation and the flocculation onset of asphaltene have been investigated for different crude oils. Density measurements of the system {crude oil + toluene + n‐heptane} were used to assess changes of aggregation occurring in a crude oil under influence of the chemical or physical factors. Obtained results made it possible to determine the asphaltene flocculation onset of several crude oils. Density changes of mixtures were used to quantify the changes of the molecular packing of the oil components. It was found that n‐heptane increase the molecular packing of crude oils but also of deasphalted crude oils. Toluene increases the molecular packing also. Therefore, aggregation phenomena occurring in crude oils concern not only asphaltenes but also other components of the oil.
Development of Ester Free Type Poly(trimethylene carbonate) Derivatives with Pendant Fluoroaromatic Groups (2019)

Abstract The facile method for the synthesis of ester free type poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) derivatives is previously reported. In this paper, a series of PTMC derivatives with fluoroaromatic groups in the side chain are synthesized to improve polymer properties. Thermal analysis reveals that all the PTMC derivatives have a decomposition temperature exceeding 300 °C. Furthermore, as the number of fluorine attached to the aromatic ring increases, the glass transition temperature decreases. In order to clarify the surface properties of their films, the contact angles and protein adsorption are evaluated. The hydrophobic nature is attributed to the fluorine groups at the side chain. Furthermore, it is suggested that as the number of fluorine attached to the aromatic ring increases, the protein adsorption is suspended. There is a possibility that a new biomaterial could be created by introducing a fluoroaromatic group into the side chain of PTMC with ester free structure.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Coupling Reaction of Benzyl Bromides with Diazoesters for Stereoselective Synthesis of (<i>E</i>)-α,β-Diarylacrylates (2008)

A Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of benzyl bromides with alpha-aryldiazoesters is described, and E-alpha,beta-diarylacrylates were obtained in good yields and excellent E-to-Z selectivity (>20:1).
Dendritic cells respond to influenza virus through TLR7‐ and PKR‐independent pathways (2004)

Natural interferon-producing cells (IPC) secrete type I IFN (IFN-alpha and -beta) in response to influenza virus. This process is independent of viral replication and is mediated by Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which recognizes single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). DC also express TLR7 but its function in DC response to influenza virus is unknown. To address this, we compared the DC and IPC responses to influenza virus and ssRNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN) that activate TLR7. When stimulated by ORN in vitro and in vivo, DC matured and produced inflammatory cytokines but not IFN-alpha. DC did secrete IFN-alpha in response to influenza virus. However, this response was independent of TLR7 signaling and required viral replication but not dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). We conclude that DC and IPC are hard-wired to secrete IFN-alpha via different pathways, reflecting their complementary but distinct roles in anti-viral immunity.
Low Exchangeability of Selenocysteine, the 21st Amino Acid, in Vertebrate Proteins (2009)

Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid, is incorporated into proteins through the recoding of a termination codon, an inefficient translational process mediated by a complex molecular machinery. Sec is a rare amino acid in extant proteins, chemically similar to cysteine (Cys), found in homologous position to Cys of nonselenoprotein families. Selenoproteins account for the dependence of vertebrates on environmental selenium (Se) and have an important role in several Se-deficiency diseases. Selenoproteins are poorly characterized enzymes and reports on the functional exchangeability of Sec with Cys are limited and controversial. Whether the unique role of Sec in some selenoenzymes illustrates the broader contribution of Se to protein function is unknown (Gromer S, Johansson L, Bauer H, Arscott LD, Rauch S, Ballou DP, Williams CH Jr, Schirmer RH, Arnér ES. 2003. Active sites of thioredoxin reductases: why selenoproteins? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100:12618–12623). Here, we address this question from an evolutionary perspective by the simultaneous identification of the patterns of divergence in almost half a billion years of vertebrate evolution and diversity within the human lineage for the full complement of enzymatic Sec residues in these proteomes. We complete this analysis with data for the homologous Cys residues in the same genomes. Our results indicate concerted purifying selection across Sec and Cys sites in all selenoproteomes, consistent with a unique role of Sec in protein function, low exchangeability, and an unknown degree of functional divergence with Cys homologs. The distinct biochemical properties of Sec, rather than the geographical distribution of Se, global O2 levels or Sec metabolic cost, appear to play a major role in driving adaptive changes in vertebrate selenoproteomes. A better understanding of the selenoproteomes and neutral evolutionary patterns in other taxa will be necessary to fully assess the generality of this conclusion.
Multiphoton microscopy of transdermal quantum dot delivery using two photonpolymerization-fabricated polymer microneedles (2010)

Due to their ability to serve as fluorophores and drug delivery vehicles, quantum dots are a powerful tool for theranostics-based clinical applications. In this study, microneedle devices for transdermal drug delivery were fabricated by means of two-photon polymerization of an acrylate-based polymer. We examined proliferation of cells on this polymer using neonatal human epidermal keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts. The microneedle device was used to inject quantum dots into porcine skin; imaging of the quantum dots was performed using multiphoton microscopy.
Treatment of warts with topical pyruvic acid: with and without added 5-fluorouracil. (1998)

Pyruvic acid (PA) is an alpha-hydroxy acid with potent keratolytic properties. Fifty-six patients with common warts treated with two PA formulations were surveyed 2 to 29 months after beginning treatment (mean, 18 months). Thirty-eight patients used a 70 percent PA formulation with added 0.5 percent 5-fluorouracil (PA-5FU). Eighteen patients used a plain 70 percent PA formulation without added 5FU. Three-quarters of the patients reported using the formulation for 4 weeks or less. Overall, 64 percent of the patients treated with either of the two formulations experienced complete clearing of their lesions. There was no increased efficacy noted with the PA-5FU formulation. Eighty-two percent of eighteen children, aged 16 years or younger, experienced clearing of lesions.
A new approach to the bottleneck bandwidth measurement for an end-to-end network path (2005)

We propose a new technique for measuring the bottleneck bandwidth of a network path between end hosts. Our proposal is based on the packet-pair technique and uses a simple statistical procedure for filtering out the cross traffic effect. We explain the basic mechanism of our proposal and its implementation in two different types of tools, single end-point and double end-point tools. The former runs in one end-point of the path, assuming that the other end-point or intermediate routers should reply to each received packet using ICMP (Internet control message protocol) packets. The latter works under the cooperation of both source and destination hosts. We have extensively conducted several experiments on nationwide and international networks to show that our proposal outperforms existing tools, such as Pathchar and Nettimer, in terms of accuracy and robustness of measurement.
Ewing's sarcoma—Routine diagnostic utilization of MIC2 analysis: A pediatric oncology group/children's cancer group intergroup study (1994)

Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are small blue cell tumors with no reliable positive diagnostic markers. However, Ewing's sarcoma and PNET recently have been shown to strongly express an antigen determined by the MIC2 gene, whereas other blue cell tumors of childhood for the most part do not. MIC2 analysis therefore offers a distinctive addition to the panel of immunohistochemical stains used to differentiate among small blue cell tumors of childhood, since it represents the first positive marker for Ewing's sarcoma and PNET. This study addresses the reliability of MIC2 analysis using the monoclonal antibody 12E7 on tumors registered in the current Intergroup Ewing's Sarcoma protocol. Of 244 tumors, 221 (91%) showed a diffuse strong membranous pattern. The antibody appears to withstand all the fixation variables inherent in a multi-institutional study. We conclude that MIC2 expression is highly reliable as a positive marker for the Ewing's sarcoma/PNET family of tumors when the results are interpreted in the total context with clinical and pathologic parameters.
Synthesis and dynamic mechanical behaviour of inorganic–organic hybrids containing various inorganic components (1997)

Inorganic–organic hybrids containing various inorganic components have been successfully synthesized from silanol-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and three different inorganic sources, Al(OBu s ) 3 , Ti(OEt) 4 and Ta(OEt) 5 , by using a sol–gel process. Inorganic components as well as the process conditions were found to affect the structure and properties of metal-O-PDMS hybrids from dynamic mechanical measurements and FTIR studies. The storage modulus increased and the peak height of the tan δ curve decreased in the order of Al-O-PDMS, Ti-O-PDMS and Ta-O-PDMS hybrids, which may result from the difference in valence and atomic mass of the metallic element constituting the inorganic component.
Protected <sup>32</sup>P‐Labels in Deoxyribonucleotides: Investigation of Sequence Selectivity of DNA Photocleavage by Enediyne–, Fulvene–, and Acetylene–Lysine Conjugates (2006)

Finding a compromise: The sequence selectivity of DNA photocleavage by enediyne–, acetylene–, and fulvene–lysine conjugates was investigated by using labeled DNA oligomers. Since the external 32P label was removed by these photocleavers, the label was protected by translocation inside the oligomer (see figure). The selectivity of cleavage is controlled by a compromise between AT selectivity for binding and G selectivity for electron transfer.
Branch Structure of Corona Discharge: Experimental Simulation and Chemical Properties (2004)

The branch structure of corona discharge has been investigated via C2H2 corona discharge. Carbon filament with excellent branch structure is formed in the discharge. This carbon filament offers a direct mimic of the branch structure of corona discharge. It provides a very useful way to study on the average energy, physical and chemical characteristics of corona discharge. On this basis, the chemical property of corona discharge for methane conversion is discussed.
D-Amino Acid Oxidase (1968)

Abstract A recently described spectrophotometric assay for d-amino acid oxidase was used to study the inhibition of the enzyme by a series of adenine and flavin derivatives. AMP, ADP, and ADP-ribose inhibited the enzyme competitively with respect to FAD. No instantaneous inhibition was observed with flavin derivatives. These inhibition studies indicated that the adenosine moiety and the pyrophosphate group of the FAD molecule contributed to the effective binding of FAD to d-amino acid oxidase. The isoalloxazine moiety of FAD appears to be less tightly bound than the adenosine moiety. FMN and riboflavin were found to inactivate the d-amino acid oxidase apoenzyme by a time-dependent photochemical process. This photoinactivation of the enzyme in the presence of flavin derivatives is enhanced by the adenine compounds. The various forms of d-amino acid oxidase were studied by gel filtration. This technique indicated that the apoenzyme form and holoenzyme form each have a molecular weight of approximately 50,000. This value corresponds to the minimum molecular weight calculated per FAD-binding site. The benzoate complex at low protein concentrations was found to contain a 50,000 molecular weight species and a 100,000 molecular weight species. At higher concentrations, the benzoate complex was found to exist entirely as the dimer.
Genome Sequence of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium <i>Bacillus</i> sp. Strain JS (2012)

Volatile and nonvolatile compounds emitted from the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus sp. strain JS enhance the growth of tobacco and lettuce. Here, we report the high-quality genome sequence of this bacterium. Its 4.1-Mb genome reveals a number of genes whose products are possibly involved in promotion of plant growth or antibiosis.
Synthesis, structure, and bonding in the complex cation [Pt2Me3(.mu.-Ph2PCH2PPh2)2]+: an example of a donor-acceptor metal-metal bond (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, structure, and bonding in the complex cation [Pt2Me3(.mu.-Ph2PCH2PPh2)2]+: an example of a donor-acceptor metal-metal bondMichael P. Brown, Susan J. Cooper, Aileen A. Frew, Ljubica Manojlovic-Muir, Kenneth W. Muir, Richard J. Puddephatt, Kenneth R. Seddon, and Mary A. ThomsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 5, 1500–1507Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50219a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50219a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The human REC2/RAD51B gene acts as a DNA damage sensor by inducing G1 delay and hypersensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation. (1998)

HsRec2/Rad51B is a 350-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 38,300 Da that appears to be involved in cell cycle regulation and UV-induced apoptosis. The mouse and human genes were isolated based on their homology to a recombinational repair gene from Ustilago maydis and contain functional domains to hRAD51 and hLIM 15 (M. C. Rice et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94: 7417-7422, 1997). Here, we report the results of studies on the behavior of CHO cells containing a plasmid encoding a wild-type hsRec2/Rad51B, a full-length protein with a single mutation at residue 163, which lies in the putative src site, and a truncated version of hsRec2/Rad51B, containing only the first 100 amino acids at the NH2 terminus. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis to follow the progression of cells through the cell cycle, we find that stable transfectants constitutively overexpressing the wild-type human Rec2/Rad51B protein exhibit a G1 delay. In addition, when irradiated with UV at a dose of 15 J/m2, CHO cells transfected with the various hREC2/RAD51B vectors exhibited different responses. Cells expressing the wild-type human Rec2/Rad51B underwent apoptosis, with the greatest cell death occurring 24 h after irradiation. The control cells, which contained an empty vector, and the cells expressing truncated hsRec2/Rad51B or the full-length Rec2 with a mutation at residue 163 did not. In summary, these findings of cell cycle slowing and UV-induced apoptosis in CHO cells constitutively expressing the human Rec2/Rad51B protein suggest that hsRec2/Rad51B plays a role in a DNA damage surveillance pathway.