gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calcium channel blocker amlodipine besylate therapy is associated with reduced case fatality rate of COVID-19 patients with hypertension (2020)

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now spread to >200 countries posing a global public health concern. Patients with comorbidity, such as hypertension suffer more severe infection with elevated mortality. The development of effective antiviral drugs is in urgent need to treat COVID-19 patients. Here, we report that calcium channel blockers (CCBs), a type of antihypertensive drug that is widely used in clinics, inhibited the post-entry replication events of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, while no in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect was observed for the two other major types of antihypertensive drugs, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers. CCB combined with chloroquine showed a significantly enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy. A retrospective clinical investigation on hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypertension as the only comorbidity revealed that the CCB amlodipine besylate therapy was associated with a decreased case fatality rate. The results from this study suggest that CCB administration to COVID-19 patients with hypertension as the comorbidity might improve the disease outcome.
Clinical cooperative trials of the national cancer institute of Canada clinical trials group breast cancer site group (1994)

For more than 10 years, the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) Breast Cancer Site Group has focused primarily on trials of adjuvant therapy and of investigational new drugs (IND). Four trials of adjuvant therapy in node-positive women have been completed, are active, or are about to begin. Investigational new drug (IND) studies have included Phase II trials of intravenous and oral menagaril, 10-EDAM (edatrexate), taxotere, and mifepristone (RU-486) as well as a Phase I/II trial of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, and vinorelbine (FAN); a Phase I/II trial of 5-FU, leucovorin, doxorubicin, and vinorelbine (super-FAN), all as first-line therapy for metastatic disease; and a Phase III study of vinorelbine plus doxorubicin versus doxorubicin alone as first- or second-line metastatic therapy. A proposed study with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer in locally advanced breast cancer will compare a standard NCIC CTG regimen of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-FU (CEF) with epirubicin and cyclophosphamide granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a more dose-intensive regimen. In addition, NCIC CTG is preparing a pilot of CEF with G-CSF to examine whether a substantially more intensive dosage can be given without added toxicity. NCIC CTG will also enter patients into a currently active Cancer and Leukemia Group B/Southwest Oncology Group randomized trial of intensive therapy versus more intensive therapy with bone marrow support in women younger than age 60 with 10 or more positive nodes. It is believed that optimizing the combination and timing of adjuvant hormonal and chemotherapy, exploring dose intensive approaches, developing investigational new drugs, studying the role of biologics, and tumor banking in conjunction with clinical trials remain important approaches for the future.
Copper-Nickel Cladding on Stainless Steel (2005)

Copper-nickel cladding on conventional and super-austenitic stainless steel has proved effective in reducing maintenance (from biofouling, reapplication of anti-fouling coatings, and corrosion) for various small ferries, tankers, and ships in Europe and North America for periods of up to 30 years. This technology may have potential benefits and applications for the U.S. Navy, but several issues such as corrosion, mechanical and structural properties need to be evaluated and resolved before the possibility of copper-nickel cladding can be considered for use in the Fleet. Paints may not adhere on stainless steels as well as steels and may cause crevice corrosion of the stainless steel if the coating is compromised. Copper-nickel cladding of austenitic stainless steels may also offer some ballistic, non-magnetic, and electromagnetic signature advantages over current hull alloys and corrosion control technologies, but is not discussed in this report. The purpose of this study is to evaluate corrosion-related benefits/disadvantages of using copper-nickel cladding on stainless steel structures. This study evaluates (1) the fouling characteristics of 70/30 (UNS C71500) and 90/10 (UNS C70600) copper-nickel cladding as an antifoulant and as a potential replacement for antifoulant coatings, (2) the crevice corrosion resistance of copper- nickel alloys with AL6XN or cheaper grades of austenitic stainless steels, (3) the effects of galvanic corrosion of copper-nickel alloys coupled to AL6XN or other stainless steel alloys, (4) effects of copper-nickel cladding on fabrication, and (5) corrosion impact of Cu-Ni/SS clad bi-metallic structures.
Interfacial coatings for ceramic-matrix composites -- Volume 2. Final report (1998)

This report summarizes the task conducted to examine various activities on interface development for ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) intended for high-temperature applications. While several articles have been published on the subject of CMC interfaces, the purpose of this report is to describe the various ongoing efforts on interface concepts, material selection, and issues related to processing methods employed for developing interface coatings. The most exciting and new development in the field is the discovery of monazite as a potential interface material for mullite- and alumina-based composites. Monazite offers two critical properties to the CMC system; a weakly bonded layer due to its non-wetting behavior and chemical compatibility with both alumina and mullite up to very high temperatures (> 1,600 C). Other interesting concepts with intensive material development efforts are also being pursued and a brief discussion of these are given in the main text. While demonstration of new interface concepts seems to be the primary objective in most studies, difficulties in processing of interface coatings and designing reliable test methods for determining interface properties have actually retarded the progress. Some of the concepts appear to be simple in nature but require sophisticated processing schemes to develop the coatings. Multilayered coatings with each layer serving specific function are also being proposed. Recent studies also show that significant degradation in fiber strength (30--50%) can result from merely applying the interface coating. These factors have compounds the complexity of interface tailoring in CMCs leading to a need for specific solution for a specific CMC system.
Tip-sample interaction in a “shear-force” near-field scanning optical microscope (1999)

The interaction between the tip of a near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) and the sample it scans is analyzed and compared to a simple tapping model. The approach curves acquired with the NSOM are in excellent agreement with the model, and additional experiments strongly point against a noncontact interaction (such as shear force). Based on this model we are also able to explain the oscillations pattern of the feedback loop. We conclude that our straight-fiber tip, operating under “shear-force” control, intermittently contacts the surface it is scanning, in a way similar to the tapping mode in atomic force microscope.
Identification of a protein required for recovery of full antenna capacity in OCP-related photoprotective mechanism in cyanobacteria (2010)

High light can be lethal for photosynthetic organisms. Similar to plants, most cyanobacteria protect themselves from high irradiance by increasing thermal dissipation of excess absorbed energy. The photoactive soluble orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is essential for the triggering of this photoprotective mechanism. Light induces structural changes in the carotenoid and the protein, leading to the formation of a red active form. Through targeted gene interruption we have now identified a protein that mediates the recovery of the full antenna capacity when irradiance decreases. In Synechocystis PCC 6803, this protein, which we called the fluorescence recovery protein (FRP), is encoded by the slr1964 gene. Homologues of this gene are present in all of the OCP-containing strains. The FRP is a 14-kDa protein, strongly attached to the membrane, which interacts with the active red form of the OCP. In vitro this interaction greatly accelerates the conversion of the red OCP form to the orange form. We propose that in vivo, FRP plays a key role in removing the red OCP from the phycobilisome and in the conversion of the free red OCP to the orange inactive form. The discovery of FRP and its characterization are essential elements in the understanding of the OCP-related photoprotective mechanism in cyanobacteria.
Using simulation to empirically investigate test coverage criteria based on statechart (2004)

A number of testing strategies have been proposed using state machines and statecharts as test models in order to derive test sequences and validate classes or class clusters. Though such criteria have the advantage of being systematic, little is known on how cost effective they are and how they compare to each other. This article presents a precise simulation and analysis procedure to analyze the cost-effectiveness of statechart-based testing techniques. We then investigate, using this procedure, the cost and fault detection effectiveness of adequate test sets for the most referenced coverage criteria for statecharts on three different representative case studies. Through the analysis of common results and differences across studies, we attempt to draw more general conclusions regarding the costs and benefits of using the criteria under investigation.
Reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidant therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (1997)

A proven role for antioxidant therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) would help establish the pathogenic importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and may provide new therapies with low toxicity. The major findings of the work for this thesis were as follows: ROS production, as measured by the chemiluminescence response, of colonic biopsies from acetic acid-induced colitis in rats correlated with the macroscopic and microscopic scores of inflammation. o A method for assessing the antioxidant actions of novel IBD therapy was established by demonstrating that conventional antioxidants, and standard therapies for IBD, alter the chemiluminescence responses of acetic acid-induced colitis biopsies similarly to ulcerative colitis (UC) biopsies (previously published data). The novel compounds, amflutizole and LY231617 were potent antioxidants. o The chemiluminescence response of UC biopsies correlated with clinical disease activity and sigmoidoscopic scores, and with mucosal neutrophil infiltration. Recombinant human recombinant manganese superoxide dismutase (rh-MnSOD) was not an effective antioxidant using acetic acid-induced colitis biopsies. Pretreatment of rats with acetic acid-induced colitis with intraluminal rh-MnSOD did not alter the macroscopic or microscopic scores of inflammation nor chemiluminescence: Rh-MnSOD is probably not, therefore, a suitable agent for topical therapy in IBD. • The iron chelators, desferrioxamine and 1,10-phenanthroline, reduced ROS production by inflamed biopsies from UC. • A pilot trial of antioxidant nutrients, selenium, β-carotene, ascorbate, a-tocopherol and methionine, in active UC demonstrated no adverse events, remission in 4/10 patients, and significant improvements in stool frequency, rectal bleeding and sigmoidoscopic score, but not rectal mucosal histology, ROS production, or plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. This work has shown that the acetic acid-induced colitis model in rats can be used for screening for novel antioxidant therapy, confirms that ROS are likely to be pathogenic in UC, and suggests that antioxidant therapy, using amflutizole, LY231617, iron chelators or antioxidant nutrients, merits controlled therapeutic assessment in IBD.
Influence of squalene on lipid particle/droplet and membrane organization in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2012)

In a previous study (Spanova et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem., 285, 6127-6133) we demonstrated that squalene, an intermediate of sterol biosynthesis, accumulates in yeast strains bearing a deletion of the HEM1 gene. In such strains, the vast majority of squalene is stored in lipid particles/droplets together with triacylglycerols and steryl esters. In mutants lacking the ability to form lipid particles, however, substantial amounts of squalene accumulate in organelle membranes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of squalene on biophysical properties of lipid particles and biological membranes and compared these results to artificial membranes. Our experiments showed that squalene together with triacylglycerols forms the fluid core of lipid particles surrounded by only a few steryl ester shells which transform into a fluid phase below growth temperature. In the hem1∆ deletion mutant a slight disordering effect on steryl esters was observed indicated by loss of the high temperature transition. Also in biological membranes from the hem1∆ mutant strain the effect of squalene per se is difficult to pinpoint because multiple effects such as levels of sterols and unsaturated fatty acids contribute to physical membrane properties. Fluorescence spectroscopic studies using endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane and artificial membranes revealed that it is not the absolute squalene level in membranes but rather the squalene to sterol ratio which mainly affects membrane fluidity/rigidity. In a fluid membrane environment squalene induces rigidity of the membrane, whereas in rigid membranes there is almost no additive effect of squalene. In summary, our results demonstrate that squalene (i) can be well accommodated in yeast lipid particles and organelle membranes without causing deleterious effects; and (ii) although not being a typical membrane lipid may be regarded as a mild modulator of biophysical membrane properties.
Flow Visualization Study of a Pulsating Respiratory Assist Catheter (2005)

Our group is currently developing an intravenous respiratory assist device that uses a centrally located pulsatile balloon within a hollow fiber bundle to enhance gas exchange rate via active mixing mechanism. We tested the hypothesis that the non-symmetric inflation and deflation of the balloon lead to both nonuniform balloon-generated secondary flow and nonuniform gas exchange rate in the fiber bundle. The respiratory catheter was placed in a 1-in. internal diameter rigid test section of an in vitro flow loop (3 L/min deionized water). Particle image velocimetry (PIV), which was used to map the velocity vector field in the lateral cross-section, showed that the balloon pulsation generated a nonuniform fluid flow surrounding the respiratory assist catheter. PIV was also used to characterize the fiber bundle movement, which was induced by the balloon pulsation. Gas permeability coefficient of the device was evaluated by using both the fluid velocity and the relative velocity between the fluid and the fiber bundle. The highest difference in the gas permeability coefficient predicted by using the relative velocity was about 17% to 23% (angular direction), which was more uniform than the 49% to 59% variation predicted by using the fluid velocity. The movement of the fiber bundle was responsible for reducing the variation in the fluid velocity passing through the bundle and for minimizing the nonuniformity of the gas permeability coefficient of the respiratory assist catheter.
Enhancement of Mucosal Immunization with Virus-Like Particles of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (2003)

Cholera toxin (CT) is the most potent known mucosal adjuvant, but its toxicity precludes its use in humans. Here, in an attempt to develop safe and effective mucosal adjuvants, we compared immune responses to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virus-like particles (VLPs) after intranasal coimmunization with RANTES, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), or CT. Antibody analysis demonstrated that RANTES and CpG ODN had capacities for mucosal adjuvanticity, i.e., for enhancing serum and vaginal antibodies specific to SIV Env, similar to those for CT. RANTES and CpG ODN skewed serum antibodies predominantly to the immunoglobulin G2a isotype. Most importantly, RANTES and CpG ODN were more effective than CT in increasing neutralizing titers of both serum and vaginal antibodies. After intranasal coadministration with VLPs, RANTES or CpG ODN also induced increased levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-producing lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activities in both spleen and lymph nodes but did not increase the levels of interleukin-4-producing lymphocytes. The results suggest that RANTES and CpG ODN enhance immune responses in a T-helper-cell-type-1 (Th1)-oriented manner and that they can be used as effective mucosal adjuvants for enhancing both humoral and cellular immune responses in the context of VLPs, which are particulate antigens.
A successful program of immunizing Rh‐negative male volunteers for anti‐ D production using frozen/thawed blood (1981)

Individually matched (rhesus-D) Rh-positive frozen/thawed red blood cells were used to immunize 28 Rh-negative male volunteers. The immunizing schedule consisted of a single unit (200 ml) of frozen/thawed red blood cells, followed by six monthly booster doses (0.5 to 1.0 ml) after a rest period of six months. A final response rate of 93 percent (26 of 28) was achieved. All responders had produced anti-D before the second booster injection (mean detection time 4.25 months). Retrospective analysis indicated that the final response rate and the level of anti-D response could be predicted as early as seven to eight months from the start of immunization. These findings have practical implications for deciding when to discontinue immunization. The Rh genotype of the immunizing cells did not appear to be an important factor in determining the anti-D response, and with the matching system used, antibodies other than anti-C, D, and/or E were not produced. The use of frozen/thawed red blood cells for immunization has the advantage of permitting optimum matching for undesirable red blood cell antigens and minimizing the risk of transmitting disease to the recipients.
A new empirical large-signal HEMT model (1996)

We propose an empirical large-signal model of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The bias-dependent data of small-signal equivalent circuit elements are obtained from S-parameters measured at various bias settings. And C/sub gs/, C/sub gd/, g/sub m/, and g/sub ds/, are described as functions of V/sub gs/ and V/sub ds/. We included our large-signal model in a commercially available circuit simulator as a user-defined model and designed a 30/60-GHz frequency doubler. The fabricated doubler's characteristics agreed well with the design calculations.
Asymmetric synthesis catalyzed by chiral ferrocenylphosphine-transition-metal complexes. 6. Practical asymmetric synthesis of 1,1'-binaphthyls via asymmetric cross-coupling with a chiral [(alkoxyalkyl)ferrocenyl]monophosphine/nickel catalyst (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric synthesis catalyzed by chiral ferrocenylphosphine-transition-metal complexes. 6. Practical asymmetric synthesis of 1,1'-binaphthyls via asymmetric cross-coupling with a chiral [(alkoxyalkyl)ferrocenyl]monophosphine/nickel catalystTamio. Hayashi, Keiichi. Hayashizaki, Takao. Kiyoi, and Yoshihiko. ItoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 24, 8153–8156Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00232a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00232a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4121Altmetric-Citations280LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An Improved Precipitation Technique for Recovery of Uranium from Its Liquors (1980)

Laboratory investigations into the precipitation of uranium from an ion exchange eluate by hydrogen peroxide are presented. Factors affecting the precipitation (pH, ratio of hydrogen peroxide to uranium and temperature) were examined, leading to the production of a yellow-cake with higher purity and better handling characteristics than cakes produced by ammonia precipitation techniques. Pilot scale experiments have been carried out to determine the relative filtrability and handling characteristics of ammonium diuranate and uranium peroxide. A brief comparison of the costs of various precipitation methods is also presented.
H1-Integrity of Carrier Phase Navigation Algorithms using Multiple Reference Receivers (2009)

In this paper, a methodology is developed to evaluate carrier phase navigation architectures under reference receiver failure. Different approaches to utilize redundant carrier phase measurements from multiple reference receivers are described. Carrier phase measurements are used to provide high accuracy estimates of a user’s position. But in precision approach applications that involve safety-of-life, such as in autonomous shipboard landing, integrity also plays a critical role. One case where the system integrity becomes at risk is in the situation of GPS reference receiver failure. Integrity risk in these applications is kept at a minimum by equipping the ship (reference station) with redundant receivers. In this paper, we investigate the impact of different methods on accuracy and integrity from several perspectives, including availability performance, cycle resolution capabilities, implementation complexity and computational efficiency.
Augmented Rendering of Makeup Features in a Smart Interactive Mirror System for Decision Support in Cosmetic Products Selection (2010)

We propose a smart mirror system to display an augmented 3D representation of the user with makeup features. In this approach the user is able to view the possible outcomes of different makeup applications in the smart mirror without affecting the real face appearance in the process. The system incorporates 3D face construction, IR based face tracking and OpenGL material extensive rendering approach to deliver the augmented made-up face. We argue that by viewing the augmented grooming features the users will be able to flexibly decide the makeup products of their choice.