gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Chemistry of Photodimers of Maleic and Fumaric Acid Derivatives.<sup>1</sup> I. Dimethyl Fumarate Dimer (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemistry of Photodimers of Maleic and Fumaric Acid Derivatives.1 I. Dimethyl Fumarate DimerG. W. Griffin, A. F. Vellturo, and K. FurukawaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 12, 2725–2728Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01473a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01473a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views802Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Plasma Gasification: A Proven Technology (2008)

Plasma gasification is an efficient and environmentally responsible form of thermal treatment of wastes. In the plasma gasification process, extremely high temperature gases are used to break down the molecular structure of complex carboncontaining materials — such as municipal solid waste (MSW), tires, hazardous waste and sewage sludge — and convert them into synthesis gas (syngas) containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide that can be used to generate power or other sustainable sources of energy. Gasification occurs in an oxygen starved environment so the waste is gasified, not incinerated.
(‐)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate increases cell proliferation and neuroblasts in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in adult mice (2009)

Neurogenesis is regulated by several factors such as age, stress and pharmacological agents. We observed the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major catechin of green tea, on neurogenesis in mice. The animals were orally administered EGCG for 4 weeks. Brain sections were stained using a marker for cell proliferation (Ki67 and BrdU) and neuroblasts (doublecortin, DCX). In all groups, Ki67, BrdU and DCX immunoreaction were observed in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. Oral administration of EGCG significantly increased the number of Ki67-, BrdU- and DCX-immunoreactive cells as well as BrdU/DCX-colabled cells in the subgranular zone when compared to those in the vehicle-treated group. These results indicate that oral administration of EGCG can enhance cell proliferation and increase the number of neuroblasts in mice hippocampal dentate gyrus.
Electrical characterization of quad-flat-paks (QFPs) using frequency-domain techniques (2002)

Quad-Flat-Paks (QFPs) are difficult to measure and model at high frequencies because they lack power and ground planes. By fixturing the package and establishing a ground reference the problem becomes much more manageable. Measurements are made with a network analyzer because it clearly reveals high-frequency effects. By measuring and simulating the different configurations (open, short, and thru) all the elements in the circuit can be extracted with great accuracy.
Design and development of a multiple DOF compliant robot (2006)

Micromanipulators and micropositioners are becoming more and more popular in micro-machining, optics, and biomedical industry. They are used to manipulate movements of minute objects under the microscope. The objective of this paper is to explore and define possible applications of flexure joints. An investigation of some existing 2 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) flexure joint configurations. In literature is presented. Finally, a design of novel 2-DOF design will be presented with some discussions about the description of a possible 3-DOF manipulator. It is shown how these initial investigations can lead to the design and development of 6-DOF micro-manipulator system
Spinal cord stimulation revisited (1998)

The proportion of patients with intractable pain successfully managed with spinal cord stimulation (SCS) remains disputed. We analyze 27 consecutive patients with intractable pain treated with SCS using identical hardware (Itrel II System; Medtronic Neurological, Inc Minneapolis, MN, USA) by a single satisfactory diagnosis 1992 through 1995. A rigid selection protocol was used: 1. A satisfactory diagnosis of the pathologic process resulting in pain was made. 2. A corrective surgical procedure was judged not feasible by surgeons experienced in the particular pathology, e.g., vascular peripheral nerve, spine. 3. Lack of satisfactory response to noninterventional pain management modalities by an interdisciplinary pain clinic. 4. Independent psychological evaluation, including a structured interview was performed by a psychologist specialized in chronic pain management. In the last eight cases, a battery of self-report tests designed to assess psychosocial and behavioral consequences of the chronic pain problem were administered as well. All cases were of nonmalignant pain, except for one patient. Thirteen cases were diagnosed with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), one older patient with lumbosacral radiculopathy who refused decompression, one cervical radiculopathy and Klippel-Feil syndrome, six with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), two with peripheral vascular ischemic disease, one with post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, one with leg pain following resection of angiolipoma, one with traumatic superficial peroneal neuropathy, and one with Pancoast's tumor. Fifteen patients were female and twelve were male. All were Caucasian. Their ages ranged from 27 to 84 years (mean:48). The average follow-up was 21 months (range: 48-6). All patients underwent a three day trial screening with Pisces-Quad/Resume epidural leads connected to a temporary external stimulator. An Itrel II System pulse-generator was internalized in each of the 24 patients who had successful trial (three cervical and twenty-one thoracic-lumbar). There was no morbidity. Pain reduction was sustained in 22 out of the 24 patients who continue to use the stimulator. The same number would choose to receive in an electrical stimulator again. Normalization or improvement in Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test (Q-SART) and Thermography was documented in the patients with RSD. We conclude that rigid selection protocol can maximize the proportion of patients with intractable pain who are successfully treated with SCS. Strict neurosurgical technique eliminates infection risk. Hardware selection minimizes incidence of malfunction.
Delay Asymmetry Correction Model for Master-Slave Synchronization Protocols (2014)

This paper proposes a Delay Asymmetry Correction (DAC) Model to enhance clock synchronization protocols based on a Master-Slave arrangement such as the IEEE 1588 PTP protocol. The purpose of this work is to mitigate the effects of unpredictable packet delay variations (PDV), which may aggravate asymmetric link delays on timing packets, in order to improve the synchronization accuracy of the slave clock with respect to the master clock. The key idea in our work is to filter clock updates derived from the master-slave message exchange, using only good samples for slave clock updates. The proposed solution is implemented in Network Simulator 2 (NS-2.34). NS-2 test cases are implemented according to the ITU-T G.8261 document covering various network loads and network conditions. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed solution improves the slave accuracy significantly, achieving almost perfect synchronization accuracy in the presence of a wide range of network traffic loads, network congestions, and temporary network outage. Furthermore, when there is a routing path change due to the failure in the network, the solution also maintains high slave clock accuracy with respect to the master clock.
Robust Control of Non-Passive Systems via Passification (1997)

This paper presents methods which enable the use of passivity-based control design techniques to control non-passive systems. For inherently non-passive finite- dimensional linear time-invaraint systems, passification methods are presented to render such systems passive by suitable compensation. The passified system can then be controlled by a class of passive linear controllers. The idea is to exploit the robust stability properties of passivity-based control laws for uncertain systems. The proposed passification methods are demonstrated by application to the ACC benchmark problem and to pitch-axis control of an F-18 High Alpha Research Vehicle (HARV) model.
Proposal of a 3D Peptide Pharmacophore of Muramyl Dipeptide-Type Immunostimulants. 1. Conformational Search of Active and Inactive Analogues (1997)

The CCLUES method [Pristovšek et al. J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1995, 35, 633] is further refined; the set of 42 candidates for the bioactive conformation of the immunostimulator muramyl dipeptide (MDP) obtained in the first run from 1035 originally considered conformations is reduced to the three most probable candidates. The refinement is based on usage of additional information from an inactive and two active analogues: conformations of MDP that superpose well on at least one conformation of the inactive analogue are excluded from the set, while those that do not and additionally superpose well on at least one conformation of the active analogues become more probable candidates. The choice of a final candidate for the bioactive conformation is based on accessibilities of the chemical groups most important for binding to the putative receptor and values of energies calculated with explicit water molecules; the energies of the candidate conformations which differ up to 15 kcal/mol from the lowest-energy conformation in vacuo are virtually equalized by the effects of the aqueous medium.
Detection of enzymes active on various β‐1, 3‐glucans after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1998)

Enzymes were assayed for glucanase activity after denaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in gels containing beta-1,3-glucans embedded as substrate. Lentinan, curdlan, paramylon, baker's yeast alkali-insoluble glucan, baker's yeast alkali-soluble glucan and carboxymethyl (CM)-pachyman were compared to oligomeric laminarin, which is the usual substrate for assaying beta-1,3-glucanase activities. Detecting enzyme activities by aniline blue fluorescent staining was also compared with the staining of released reducing sugars by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). For the nonreduced proteins, the Driselase extract exhibited one major band at 32.5 kDa and one less intense band at 23 kDa for most substrates with the two detection procedures. No Lyticase enzyme was detected in either detection procedures for all tested substrates. For barley enzymes, no activity was revealed after aniline blue staining while one undescribed 19 kDa glucanase activity was best shown after TTC staining with curdlan, paramylon and CM-pachyman as substrates. In the case of reduced proteins, the Lyticase extract yielded three bands (33, 36 and 46 kDa) on several substrates with both detection procedures. This was the same for the barley leaf extract (32, 36 and 39 kDa). The Driselase extract showed one 42 kDa band. Many enzymes active on beta-1,3-glucans are thus best revealed when proteins are denatured and reduced and when protein renaturation after SDS-PAGE involves a pH 8.0 treatment and the inclusion of 1 mM cysteine in buffers. However, some enzymes are only detected when proteins are denatured without reduction. Finally, the use of various polymeric beta-1,3-glucan substrates different from oligomeric laminarin is necessary to detect new types of enzymes such as the 19 kDa barley glucanase.
Distributed feedback laser diode and module for CATV systems (1990)

Harmonic distortion of distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LDs) for analog transmission systems is investigated. It is shown that, under a modulation frequency of less than 1 GHz, the harmonic distortion depends on the nonlinearity of the light output power-current (P-I) curve under the continuous wave (CW) condition, which is determined by the coupling constant kappa L, and that the distortion can be minimized at kappa L approximately 1. A 1.3 mu m wavelength InGaAsP DFB-PPIBH (p-substrate partially inverted buried heterostructure) LD and its module, with low distortion by the control of a coupling constant, have been developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of Monochromatic Light on the Egg Quality of Laying Hens (2007)

The chicken eye can discriminate light color, and different light wavelengths affect egg quality. In this study, we used blue (B), green (G), and red (R) light produced by light-emitting diode lamps, as well as incandescent light (W) to illuminate Hy-Line Brown hens from 19 to 52 wk. All light sources were equalized to a light intensity of 15 lx and applied for 16 h daily. The results showed that egg weight in W light (61.1 g) was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than those in R light (59.2 g) throughout the experimental stage. Beginning at the age of 30 wk, egg weight in R light was consistently smaller than those in other lights. The egg length in B light was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than those in other lights, and its width was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than those in W light from 38 to 52 wk. The egg width in R light was significantly (P < 0.01) shorter than those in W light and to a lesser extent (P < 0.05) shorter than those in B and G lights from 19 to 52 wk. Similarly, eggshell strength in G light was significantly (P < 0.01) better than those in W and B lights, and eggshell thickness in G light was significantly (P < 0.05) better than those in other lights from 21 to 45 wk. Our results indicate that egg weight in R light was less than those in other lights, the egg length and egg width in B light became shorter, and the egg width in R light became shorter with age; the egg quality in G light was found to be the best.
The Reaction Product of Hexamethylenediamine and Carbon Dioxide (1963)

In a previous paper, Segal and Eggerton (5) presented infrared spectra of aliphatic normal mono-amines and alpha-omega diamines obtained from CCl4 solution and KBr discs. Although preparation of the specimens for the KBr spectra was carried out in a CO2-free atmosphere, the discs were exposed to the laboratory atmosphere during the recording of the spectra. Because the results of later experiments with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), both in solution and in the solid state, showed that this diamine reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide much more rapidly than it was thought to (4), considerations arose of possible carbonate formation at the surfaces of the KBr disc. Closer study of the KBr spectrum of HMDA (see Segal and Eggerton (5), Figure 4, curve 5) did indeed disclose the 6.90-micron (1449 cm−1) and 11.37-micron (879 cm−1) ionic carbonate bands and several ands due to -NH3+. This evidence is not readily apparent in the KBr spectra of the other diamines.
Preclinical photoacoustic imaging endoscope based on acousto-optic coaxial system using ring transducer array (2010)

We developed and fabricated a preclinical photoacoustic imaging endoscope (PAIE) with an acousto-optic coaxial structure for cavity imaging that integrates a Plexiglas tube, an optical fiber, a ring transducer array, a taper reflector, and an ultrasonic coupling medium. A photoacoustic image for a section of pig colorectal tissue embedded in a transparent gelatin phantom was reconstructed. Furthermore, human colorectal cancer and normal colorectal tissue were imaged ex vivo with a contrast ratio of approximately 2.3. Experimental results demonstrate that the PAIE has potential for detecting colorectal cancer in clinical use.
The Interface of Living Systems and Computers: The Legal Issues of Privacy, 2 Computer L.J. 877 (1980) (1980)

As every man goes through life he fills in a number of forms for the record, each containing a number of questions ....There are thus hundreds of little threads radiating from every man, millions of threads in all.If these threads were suddenly to become visible, the whole sky would look like a spider's web, and if they materialized as rubber bands, buses, trams, and even people would lose the ability to move ....They are not visible, they are not material, but every man is constantly aware of their existence ....Each man, permanently aware of his own invisible threads, naturally develops a respect for the people who manipulate the threads. 1
Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Critically Ill Immunocompetent Patients (2008)

These preliminary findings suggest that reactivation of CMV occurs frequently in critically ill immunocompetent patients and is associated with prolonged hospitalization or death. A controlled trial of CMV prophylaxis in this setting is warranted.
Generating mobile device user interfaces for diagram-based modelling tools (2006)

Mobile display devices such as phones and PDAs have become very widely available and used. However, most content on these devices is limited to text, static images and motion video. Displaying and interacting with dynamic diagrammatic content on such devices is difficult, as is engineering applications to implement such functionality. We describe a set of plug-in components for a meta-diagramming tool that enable a diagram type to be visualized and interacted with on mobile devices. Key features of our approach include generating diagram content from an existing meta-tool, run-time user configuration of diagram appearance and navigation, and multi-level, zoomable diagrams and diagram content. We describe our experiences prototyping, using and evaluating this new mobile device diagramming technology.
Efficient linear logic meaning assembly (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Efficient linear logic meaning assembly Authors: Vineet Gupta Caelum Research Corporation, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA Caelum Research Corporation, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CAView Profile , John Lamping Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, CA Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACL '98/COLING '98: Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics - Volume 1August 1998 Pages 464–470https://doi.org/10.3115/980845.980924Published:10 August 1998Publication History 2citation241DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads241Last 12 Months18Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A Review of the Cruciferous Genus Selenia (1940)

Selenia, established by Nuttall in 1825, for thirteen years included only its original element, S. aurea. A variety, /3, was diagnosed by Torrey and Gray in the Flora of North America in 1838. Collections by Captain Pope's Expedition added a second species, S. dissecta, described by the same authors in their botanical report of the expedition, published in 1855. In Watson's review of Selenia for the Synoptical Flora, 1895, the genus remained unchanged in concept, and except for the substitution of var. aperta S. Wats. for Torrey and Gray's var. /3 of S. aurea, no change in nomenclature was made. In the first edition of Small's Flora of the Southeastern United States this variety became S. aperta (S. Wats.) Small. The three species, S. aurea, dissecta and aperta, then comprised the total content of Selenia for twentyeight years, or until 1931, when Cory described S. Jonesii. There followed S. mexicana Standl., 1937, and the next year S. grandis Martin and S. Oinosepala Steyermark appeared.
Biodegradable Hyperbranched Polyglycerol with Ester Linkages for Drug Delivery (2012)

Biodegradable hyperbranched polyglycerols (dHPGs) were synthesized through oxyanionic initiating hybrid polymerization of glycerol and glycidyl methacrylate. Due to the introduction of ester linkages into the hyperbranched polyglycerol backbone, dHPGs showed good biodegradability and low cytotoxicity. Benefiting from the existence of terminal hydroxyls and methacryloyl groups, both the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX) and fluorescent probe Rhodamine-123 could be conjugated onto the surface of dHPGs easily. The resultant MTX-conjugated polymers (dHPG-MTXs) exhibited an amphiphilic character, resulting in the formation of micelles in an aqueous solution. The release of MTX from micelles was significantly faster at mildly acidic pH of 5.0 compared to physiological pH of 7.4. dHPG-MTX micelles could be efficiently internalized by cancer cells. MTT assay against cancer cells showed dHPG-MTXs micelles had high anticancer efficacy. On the basis of their good biodegradability and low cytotoxicity, dHPGs provide an opportunity to design excellent drug delivery systems.
Construction of Two New In-vacuum Type Tapered Undulators for the PF-AR (2004)

Two new in‐vacuum type tapered undulators have been constructed and installed in the 6.5 GeV electron storage ring, PF‐AR. These undulators have a tilt mechanism to realize a “tapered configuration” of the magnet array and to produce a widened spectrum if it is necessary.
Aristolochic acid and the etiology of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy (2007)

Endemic (Balkan) nephropathy (EN), a devastating renal disease affecting men and women living in rural areas of Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, and Serbia, is characterized by its insidious onset, invariable progression to chronic renal failure and a strong association with transitional cell (urothelial) carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. Significant epidemiologic features of EN include its focal occurrence in certain villages and a familial, but not inherited, pattern of disease. Our experiments test the hypothesis that chronic dietary poisoning by aristolochic acid is responsible for EN and its associated urothelial cancer. Using (32)P-postlabeling/PAGE and authentic standards, we identified dA-aristolactam (AL) and dG-AL DNA adducts in the renal cortex of patients with EN but not in patients with other chronic renal diseases. In addition, urothelial cancer tissue was obtained from residents of endemic villages with upper urinary tract malignancies. The AmpliChip p53 microarray was then used to sequence exons 2-11 of the p53 gene where we identified 19 base substitutions. Mutations at A:T pairs accounted for 89% of all p53 mutations, with 78% of these being A:T --> T:A transversions. Our experimental results, namely, that (i) DNA adducts derived from aristolochic acid (AA) are present in renal tissues of patients with documented EN, (ii) these adducts can be detected in transitional cell cancers, and (iii) A:T --> T:A transversions dominate the p53 mutational spectrum in the upper urinary tract malignancies found in this population lead to the conclusion that dietary exposure to AA is a significant risk factor for EN and its attendant transitional cell cancer.