gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Project Human Resource Allocation Method Based on Software Architecture and Social Network (2008)

The allocation of human resource is one of the most essential aspects in a project management. A situation with employees working on tasks that they are not well-suited for can lead to a significant loss of time and resources in addition to a sub-par product or service. The simple difference between a good and bad task assignment for employees can easily result in major differences in a company's bottom line. In this paper, we present a project human resource allocation method based on software architecture and social network in a project organization. An algorithm for matching employees and tasks is put forward which are based on task attributes, software architecture, employee skills and employee preference and social network relations. As a result, we have created a new human resource allocation method in a project management.
Overcoming limitations of lumped MOS models (2000)

Describes, at a fundamental level, limitations of the lumped approach to model the transient fast signal (or RF) behavior of MOS devices. Specifically, we analyzed the transient behavior of the relaxation time lumped model. We discussed the pros and cons of a distributed approach as a more accurate (but computationally less efficient) alternative to a lumped model. In the process, we hope to have provided a deeper understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the MOS transient models for RF applications.
Stability of hot-wire deposited amorphous-silicon thin-film transistors (1996)

For the first time hydrogenated amorphous silicon, a-Si:H, deposited with the hot-wire technique is incorporated in thin-film transistors (TFTs). Amorphous silicon was deposited at a rate of 20 Å/s. TFTs with a switching ratio of 105, a threshold voltage of 16.9 V, and a field-effect mobility μs of 0.001 cm2/V s are obtained. Upon gate voltage stress, virtually no change in any of these TFT parameters is observed. Conventional state-of-the-art TFTs deposited in a 13.56 MHz glow discharge showed a threshold voltage shift of more than +12 V. The interface between the gate dielectric and the hot-wire a-Si:H layer needs further optimization. After gate voltage stress, the TFTs containing hot-wire a-Si:H have superior quality with respect to the threshold voltage.
Photonic crystal Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on self-collimation (2007)

The authors design a photonic crystal Mach-Zehnder interferometer by utilizing the self-collimated beams and the bending and splitting mechanisms of line defects. Using this interferometer, they investigate the phase shift of the reflected and transmitted self-collimated beams over the line defects. In addition, on the basis of the intensity-asymmetric unidirectional-output design, they demonstrate that such interferometers can function as an intensity detector or an ultrafast optical switch when the material of photonic crystal is nonlinear.
Composition Dependence of the Physical Properties in the Superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O System (1987)

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties were investigated for the high T c superconductor (Y 1- x Ba x ) 3 Cu 3 O 7- y where x was in the range of 0.0 to 0.9. Superconduction was found for samples with 0.4≤ x ≤0.8. The transition temperature of the single phase with x =0.7 was 92 K. In contrast with the previously reported (La 1- x Ba x ) 2 CuO 4- y system, the replacement of yttrium ions by barium ions was not observed for the Y-Ba-Cu-O system.
Topography and refractometry of nanostructures using spatial light interference microscopy (2010)

Spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) is a novel method developed in our laboratory that provides quantitative phase images of transparent structures with a 0.3 nm spatial and 0.03 nm temporal accuracy owing to the white light illumination and its common path interferometric geometry. We exploit these features and demonstrate SLIM's ability to perform topography at a single atomic layer in graphene. Further, using a decoupling procedure that we developed for cylindrical structures, we extract the axially averaged refractive index of semiconductor nanotubes and a neurite of a live hippocampal neuron in culture. We believe that this study will set the basis for novel high-throughput topography and refractometry of man-made and biological nanostructures.
Growth of the marine luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri on 3':5'-cyclic AMP: correlation with a periplasmic 3':5'-cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (1992)

Summary: The marine luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri, the species-specific light-organ symbiont of monocentrid (pinecone) fish, grew on 3′:5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as a sole source of carbon and energy, a capability not previously described in bacteria. In a minimal, chemically defined medium containing cAMP as the sole source of carbon and energy, V. fischeri cells grew more slowly than on glucose or ribose, but as quickly as on 5′-AMP. Expression of luminescence, which is dependent on cAMP in V. fischeri, was stimulated in cells grown on cAMP compared to cells grown on glucose or ribose. All strains of V. fischeri tested (MJ-1, B-61, ATCC 7744, MJ-A1, CG-A1) grew on cAMP, as did strains of two other marine luminous bacteria, V. logei and Photobacterium phosphoreum, and strains of the terrestrial enteric bacterium Serratia marcescens. Other tested species of marine luminous bacteria (P. leiognathi, Shewanella [Alteromonas] hanedai, V. harveyi, V. orientalis, V. splendidus) and terrestrial enteric bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium), which grew on 5′-AMP or ribose, did not grow on cAMP. Assays on intact cells and periplasmic extracts revealed that V. fischeri MJ-1 produced a periplasmic 3′:5′-cAMP phosphodiesterase (cAMP phosphodiesterase) of very high specific activity [9·0 μmol phosphate released (mg protein)−1 min−1] and narrow substrate specificity (3′:5′-cAMP and 3′:5′-cGMP were attacked). The novel periplasmic location and unusually high activity of cAMP phosphodiesterase appear to account for the ability of this species to grow on cAMP. The periplasmic cAMP phosphodiesterase of V. fischeri night play a role in degrading free cAMP in seawater or in a cAMP-mediated aspect of the light organ symbiosis with monocentrid fish.
Human-In-The-Loop simulation of area navigation visual flight procedures at atlanta international airport (2010)

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has committed to implementing Area Navigation (RNAV) procedures at airports throughout the National Airspace System (NAS). Delta Airlines (DAL) and air traffic controllers from the Atlanta Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) (A80) facility have collaborated to design RNAV Visual Flight Procedures (RVFPs) at Atlanta's Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport (ATL). These procedures are comprised of a modified RNAV Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) runway transition, a Constant Radius to Fix (RF) turn from the downwind to the final approach course, and the existing RNAV Global Positioning System (GPS) approach procedure. The RVFPs are designed to increase efficiency of properly-equipped ATL arrivals in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC). Implementing new RNAV procedures requires consideration of current traffic patterns to ensure a more efficient operation while maintaining high levels of operational safety. A80 requested that The MITRE Corporation's Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD) conduct a Human-In-The-Loop (HITL) simulation to evaluate the operational acceptability of implementing the proposed procedures from the pilot and controller perspectives. The HITL simulation allowed participants to identify design and procedural issues that required change. These changes were implemented during the course of the HITL simulation, yielding a procedure acceptable to both pilots and controllers.
Photocatalytic Process of Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification of Flue Gas by TiO<sub>2</sub>–Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers (2013)

TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully fabricated on electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers via the coupling of electrospinning and hydrothermal pathway. A straightforward photocatalysis oxidation process has been developed for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas using the TiO2-PAN photocatalyst. Also, the influences of some important operating parameters, such as titanium loading content of catalyst, flue gas humidity, flue gas flow, and inlet flue gas temperature on removal efficiencies of SO2 and NO were investigated. The results demonstrated that removal efficiencies of 99.3% for SO2 and 71.2% for NO were attained under the following optimal experiment conditions: titanium loading content, 6.78 At %; gas flow rate, 200 mL/min; flue gas humidity, 5%; inlet flue gas temperature, 40 °C. Furthermore, the presumed reaction mechanism of SO2 and NO removal using TiO2-PAN photocatalyst under UV light was proposed.
Transforming a Single-use Spaceport to Multi-use (2012)

The end of the Space Shuttle program brought new challenges as well as new opportunities to the John F. Kennedy Space Center.The challenge is to engineer a more flexible Spaceport to be capable of supporting manufacturing, assembly, testing, processing and launch operations for multiple spacecrafts and launch vehicle configurations.The new spaceport must support multiple commercial as well as government entities while leveraging existing infrastructure to the greatest extent possible.This paper addresses key engineering challenges during Spaceport design and development and will look at possible engineering solutions while considering reusability of legacy systems and infrastructure adaptability with emphasis on flexibility and reduction of operating cost.
Clinical Studies on the Indications of 33 Acupoints (2008)

Multi-central randomized controlled method was used to scientifically verify indications of 33 acupoints and provide definite clinical basis for the indications of single acupoint. Of the 52 studies, 40 studies showed that the therapeutic effect in acupuncture observation groups were better than the control group; 11 studies showed similar therapeutic effect of the two groups, and 1 study showed the acupuncture observation group was worse than the control group. Therefore, results indicate that in a certain observation cycle, acupuncture at single acupoint have different effects on diseases.
Peptide Vaccination for Patients With Melanoma and Other Types of Cancer Based on Pre-existing Peptide-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Precursors in the Periphery (2003)

Identification of antigenic peptides expressed on cancer cells enables us to treat cancer patients with peptide-based immunotherapy. Although optimal protocols for peptide-based vaccines have not yet been elucidated, boosting the immune system could be a better approach than priming the immune system to elicit prompt and potent peptide-specific T-cell responses in cancer patients. With this possibility in mind, the authors undertook a clinical trial in which cancer patients were vaccinated with peptides (maximum 4) after confirmation of pre-existing peptide-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) precursors in the periphery. Fourteen patients (seven with melanoma and seven with other types of cancer) positive for either HLA-A24 or HLA-A2 were enrolled in this study. Fourteen and 16 peptides were used to screen for HLA-A24+ and HLA-A2+ patients, respectively. The vaccination was well tolerated, and the only adverse effects were local pain and fever. Kinetic analysis revealed that peptide-reactive CTLs increased after peptide vaccination in 7 of 14 patients. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactive to the administered peptides was detected in 2 patients before vaccination, although it became detectable in 8 of the other 12 patients after the peptide vaccination. Stable disease for more than 6 months was observed in five patients (one with melanoma and four with other types of cancer); all of these patients showed increased levels of peptide-specific IgG. These results indicate that peptide vaccination of patients showing evidence of pre-existing peptide-specific CTL precursors can be applied in further clinical trials aimed at the treatment of melanoma and other types of cancer.
A channelized cross spectral method for improved frequency resolution (2002)

A common problem in signal processing is the detection of weak tones in noise. Most tone recovery methods assume the presence of a single tone, or that the existing tones are sparse and well separated in frequency. In this paper, it is shown that tones may be detected and accurately estimated by first estimating a frequency error using the cross-spectral phase. The signal is then heterodyned by the error to translate it to the frequency of a Fourier basis element. The method has high gain, and may be used to isolate and recover tones which are not well separated.
Linkage Map of<i>Escherichia coli</i>K-12, Edition 10: The Traditional Map (1998)

This map is an update of the edition 9 map by Berlyn et al. (M. K. B. Berlyn, K. B. Low, and K. E. Rudd, p. 1715-1902, in F. C. Neidhardt et al., ed., Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology, 2nd ed., vol. 2, 1996). It uses coordinates established by the completed sequence, expressed as 100 minutes for the entire circular map, and adds new genes discovered and established since 1996 and eliminates those shown to correspond to other known genes. The latter are included as synonyms. An alphabetical list of genes showing map location, synonyms, the protein or RNA product of the gene, phenotypes of mutants, and reference citations is provided. In addition to genes known to correspond to gene sequences, other genes, often older, that are described by phenotype and older mapping techniques and that have not been correlated with sequences are included.
Super-enhanced particle focusing in a novel microchannel geometry using inertial microfluidics (2017)

Inertial microfluidics systems carry a great importance for particle focusing and separation due to their simple configurations, robust structures, and precise high-throughput cell manipulation ability. In this paper, a novel microchannel geometry, called Sunflower, which is developed by superimposing two microchannel geometries, is presented. An empirical formula for normalized focus quality, which enables the quantitative comparison of particle focusing abilities of different microchannel geometries via fluorescent images, is introduced. In particle focusing experiments, focus quality enhancements ranging from 14% at 0.9 ml min−1 to 487% at 0.3 ml min−1 is observed. Besides, 99.57% of the 9.9 µm polystyrene particles are collected at a flow rate of 2.5 ml min−1 from a 60 µm wide outlet section, whose location within the microchannel width is specifically tailored. A clear, stable and narrow particle focus line is observed not only at an optimum flow rate, but also in a great range of flow rates between 0.3 ml min−1 and 2.5 ml min−1, offering great levels of flexibility and robustness against disturbances. Moreover, the novel microchannel geometry is tested with HL-60 cancer cell lines, and similar results are obtained in a great flow rate range without an observed effect on the cell's viability.
MnSOD Up-Regulates Maspin Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression in Human Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells (2003)

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme with tumor suppressor activity; however, the molecular mechanisms of MnSOD antitumor effects remain unclear. We hypothesized that MnSOD activity in cancer cells might cause downstream changes in the expression of other tumor suppressor genes. To determine whether maspin, a tumor suppressor gene that inhibits breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis, might be a target of MnSOD, we forced MnSOD expression in several human breast and prostate cancer cell lines by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer and measured maspin mRNA expression. Forced expression of MnSOD caused maspin mRNA to accumulate in a dose-dependent manner in both human breast and prostate cancer cells. Normal p53 was not necessary to mediate the effect of MnSOD because MnSOD up-regulated maspin in cells that harbor wild-type p53 and in cells that harbor mutant p53. Moreover, the effects of MnSOD on maspin were not due to demethylation of the maspin promoter. Analyses of maspin promoter activity, transcriptional run-on, and mRNA stability showed that maspin mRNA stability was the major mechanism for maspin up-regulation by MnSOD. Our findings identify a mechanism underlying MnSOD antitumor effects and provide evidence to support MnSOD as a genetic therapy in the treatment of human breast and prostate cancers.
Deploying Distributed Business Software (1995)

1. What is client/server? 2. Middleware 3. Database front ends 4. Groupware 5. Workflow automation 6. Electronic conferencing 7. Remote access/control 8. Programming.
Theoretical calculations of acid-dissociation constants of proteins (1998)

The purpose of this review is to introduce several computational procedures for the determination of acid-dissociation constants (pK a ) of titratable groups in proteins. Several concepts, such as continuum electrostatics and the exact meaning of intrinsic and apparent pK a s, will be explained in some detail. Each of the methods will be judged on its merits, and some comparisons between the methods will be presented. While the emphasis of this review will be on theoretical formulations, the experimental determination by means of nuclear magnetic resonance will be briefly explained. The determination of individual pK a values by nuclear magnetic resonance in combination with computationally determined pK a s can provide unique information about the pH-dependent properties of proteins and their complexes with peptides, DNA, and ligands.Key words: acid-dissociation constants, NMR, continuum electrostatics, dielectric constant of proteins, Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics.
Regioselective hydrosilations. III. The synthesis and polymerization of ambifunctional silicon‐containing epoxy monomers (1993)

Abstract Silicon‐containing epoxide compounds bearing Si  H groups can be readily prepared in high yields by the regioselective rhodium‐catalyzed monohydrosilation of α,ω‐dihydrogen functional siloxanes and silanes with vinyl epoxides. The remaining Si  H groups in these compounds can be further selectively hydrosilated with unsaturated epoxides to give a series of unique ambifunctional monomers containing two different epoxide groups in the same molecule. The photopolymerization of these monomers has been studied using analytical techniques including real time infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning photocalorimetry. On photopolymerization, the new monomers yield interesting networks. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Polarization-sensitive diffraction in vector gratings combined with form birefringence in subwavelength-periodic structures fabricated by imprinting on polarization-sensitive liquid crystalline polymers (2013)

Vector gratings combined with form birefringence in subwavelength-periodic structures were experimentally fabricated by imprinting on polarization-sensitive liquid crystalline polymers and subsequent polarization holographic recordings. Polarization-sensitive optical diffractions were well controlled and the diffraction properties were dependent on the combination of periodic birefringence due to the reorientation of the mesogenic director and form birefringence originating in subwavelength-periodic structures. Finite-difference time-domain was an effective tool for characterizing the optical properties of the polarization holographic gratings with subwavelength-periodic structures.
Bax directly induces release of cytochrome <i>c</i> from isolated mitochondria (1998)

Bax is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family that resides in the outer mitochondrial membrane. It is controversial whether Bax promotes cell death directly through its putative function as a channel protein versus indirectly by inhibiting cellular regulators of the cell death proteases (caspases). We show here that addition of submicromolar amounts of recombinant Bax protein to isolated mitochondria can induce cytochrome c (Cyt c) release, whereas a peptide representing the Bax BH3 domain was inactive. When placed into purified cytosol, neither mitochondria nor Bax individually induced proteolytic processing and activation of caspases. In contrast, the combination of Bax and mitochondria triggered release of Cyt c from mitochondria and induced caspase activation in cytosols. Supernatants from Bax-treated mitochondria also induced caspase processing and activation. Recombinant Bcl-XL protein abrogated Bax-induced release of Cyt c from isolated mitochondria and prevented caspase activation. In contrast, the broad-specificity caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-valinyl-alaninyl-aspartyl-(0-methyl)- fluoromethylketone (zVAD-fmk) and the caspase-inhibiting protein X-IAP had no effect on Bax-induced release of Cyt c from mitochondria in vitro but prevented the subsequent activation of caspases in cytosolic extracts. Unlike Ca2+, a classical inducer of mitochondrial permeability transition, Bax did not induce swelling of mitochondria in vitro. Because the organellar swelling caused by permeability transition causes outer membrane rupture, the findings, therefore, dissociate these two events, implying that Bax uses an alternative mechanism for triggering release of Cyt c from mitochondria.
Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals (2017)

The role of bile salt export protein (BSEP) inhibition in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been investigated widely, while inhibition of the canalicular multidrug resistant protein 3 (MDR3) has received less attention. This transporter plays a pivotal role in secretion of phospholipids into bile and functions coordinately with BSEP to mediate the formation of bile acid-containing biliary micelles. Therefore, inhibition of MDR3 in human hepatocytes was examined across 125 drugs (70 of Most-DILI-concern and 55 of No-DILI-concern). Of these tested, 41% of Most-DILI-concern and 47% of No-DILI-concern drugs had MDR3 IC<sub>50</sub> values of <50 μM. A better distinction across DILI classifications occurred when systemic exposure was considered where safety margins of 50-fold had low sensitivity (0.29), but high specificity (0.96). Analysis of physical chemical property space showed that basic compounds were twice as likely to be MDR3 inhibitors as acids, neutrals, and zwitterions and that inhibitors were more likely to have polar surface area (PSA) values of <100 Å<sup>2</sup> and cPFLogD values between 1.5 and 5. These descriptors, with different cutoffs, also highlighted a group of compounds that shared dual potency as MDR3 and BSEP inhibitors. Nine drugs classified as Most-DILI-concern compounds (four withdrawn, four boxed warning, and one liver injury warning in their approved label) had intrinsic potency features of <20 μM in both assays, thereby reinforcing the notion that multiple inhibitory mechanisms governing bile formation (bile acid and phospholipid efflux) may confer additional risk factors that play into more severe forms of DILI as shown by others for BSEP inhibitors combined with multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2, MRP3, MRP4) inhibitory properties. Avoiding physical property descriptors that highlight dual BSEP and MDR3 inhibition or testing drug candidates for inhibition of multiple efflux transporters (e.g., BSEP, MDR3, and MRPs) may be an effective strategy for prioritizing drug candidates with less likelihood of causing clinical DILI.