gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Undoped accumulation-mode Si/SiGe quantum dots (2015)

We report on a quantum dot device design that combines the low disorder properties of undoped SiGe heterostructure materials with an overlapping gate stack in which each electrostatic gate has a dominant and unique function-control of individual quantum dot occupancies and of lateral tunneling into and between dots. Control of the tunneling rate between a dot and an electron bath is demonstrated over more than nine orders of magnitude and independently confirmed by direct measurement within the bandwidth of our amplifiers. The inter-dot tunnel coupling at the [Formula: see text] charge configuration anti-crossing is directly measured to quantify the control of a single inter-dot tunnel barrier gate. A simple exponential dependence is sufficient to describe each of these tunneling processes as a function of the controlling gate voltage.
Phage biocontrol of enteropathogenic and shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in meat products (2013)

Ten bacteriophages were isolated from faeces and their lytic effects assayed on 103 pathogenic and non-pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. Two phages (DT1 and DT6) were selected based on their host ranges, and their lytic effects on pathogenic E. coli strains inoculated on pieces of beef were determined. We evaluated the reductions of viable cells of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and non-O157 Shiga toxigenic E. coli strains on meat after exposure to DT6 at 5 and 24°C for 3, 6, and 24 h and the effect of both phages against an enteropathogenic E. coli strain. Significant viable cell reductions, compared to controls without phages, at both temperatures were observed, with the greatest decrease taking place within the first hours of the assays. Reductions were also influenced by phage concentration, being the highest concentrations, 1.7 × 10(10) plaque forming units per milliliter (PFU/mL) for DT1 and 1.4 × 10(10) PFU/mL for DT6, the most effective. When enteropathogenic E. coli and Shiga toxigenic E. coli (O157:H7) strains were tested, we obtained viable cell reductions of 0.67 log (p = 0.01) and 0.77 log (p = 0.01) after 3 h incubation and 0.80 log (p = 0.01) and 1.15 log (p = 0.001) after 6 h. In contrast, all nonpathogenic E. coli strains as well as other enterobacteria tested were resistant. In addition, phage cocktail was evaluated on two strains and further reductions were observed. However, E. coli bacteriophage insensitive mutants (BIMs) emerged in meat assays. BIMs isolated from meat along with those isolated by using the secondary culture method were tested to evaluate resistance phenotype stability and reversion. They presented low emergence frequencies (6.5 × 10(-7)-1.8 × 10(-6)) and variable stability and reversion. Results indicate that isolated phages were stable on storage, negative for all the virulence factors assayed, presented lytic activity for different E. coli virotypes and could be useful in reducing Shiga toxigenic E. coli and enteropathogenic E. coli viable cells in meat products.
Lithocholic acid as a biomarker of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy during ursodeoxycholic acid treatment (2008)

We propose LCA as an alternative biomarker and a more sensitive parameter than TSBA to evaluate the effectiveness of UDCA treatment, at least in ICP patients from Argentina.
Persistent expansions of CD4+ CD8+ peripheral blood T cells (1993)

CD4+ CD8+ cells are present during T cell differentiation in the thymus. Less than 2% of normal T cells that coexpress CD4 and CD8 also are released in the circulation and are present in the peripheral blood. In this study, nine individuals are described that manifested persistent expansions (11% to 43%) of circulating CD4+ CD8+ T cells that in three cases had large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology in the absence of either lymphocytosis or overt lymphoproliferative disorders. Southern blot hybridization of enriched CD4+ CD8+ cells with T-cell receptor beta (TCR beta) and TCR gamma probes showed that most cases had the 12-kb Eco RI germinal band deleted or of decreased intensity. In several individuals new TCR beta-specific bands of different intensity and distinct from case to case suggested either monoclonal or oligoclonal and polyclonal expansions. Immunophenotypic analysis showed that in 7 out of 9 cases the CD4+ CD8+ T cells presented with CD8 dim expression. Furthermore, all the CD4+ CD8+ cells did not express many of the known activation antigens (low or absent CD25, CD38, CD71, HLA-DR), whereas they expressed high levels of CD2, CD29, CD56, and CD57. In addition, the CD4+ CD8+ cells of 5 out of 9 subjects coexpressed CD45RA and CD45RO suggesting that these cells might be "frozen" in an intermediate state between naive and memory T cells. In conclusion, the present CD4+ CD8+ cases fall within a larger spectrum of disorders ranging from apparently normal to reactive or proliferative situations and encompassing cells with LGL morphology or LGL-associated antigens expression either in the presence or in the absence of absolute lymphocytosis that deserve careful follow-up investigations.
Isolation of two non-concurrent leaks in water pipelines (2010)

In the present work a well known algorithm to detect and isolate only one leak has been enhanced to achieve the isolation of two non-concurrent water leaks. This LDI algorithm uses measurements of flow rate and pressure head at the ends of the pipeline. In this work, the isolation of a second leak is achieved using a steady state relation between the estimated parameters of the first isolated leak and the parameters of an equivalent leak. The leaks can appear at any spatial order and can be isolated thanks to the use of a proposed logic rule. Finally, this scheme is tested using synthetic data obtained from a pipeline simulator.
Piezo-photovoltaic coupling in CdS-based thin-film photovoltaics (2007)

We report a summary of our recent study of piezo- and pyroelectricity in CdS-based photovoltaics including CdTe and CuIn(Ga)Se2 absorber devices. The strong pyro- and piezo-effects in CdS significantly affect the electric field distribution and the physics of device operations. We introduce the concept of pyro-photovoltaic coupling where the photovoltaic effect and the CdS polarization strongly depend on each other. Our quantitative modeling shows that the CdS polarization turns out to be beneficial for photovoltaic technology, making it more forgiving. Three experimental setups utilized in our work were aimed at exerting mechanical stresses corresponding to the device squeezing, bending, and flexing; we used the substrate, superstrate, and flexible substrate structures. Our understanding points at previously unexplored venues in thin-film photovoltaic technology.
Prognostic significance of progesterone receptor levels in estrogen receptor-positive patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with tamoxifen: results of a prospective Southwest Oncology Group study. (1992)

We conclude that knowledge of PgR levels together with other clinical information can improve the pretreatment assessment of ER-positive breast cancer patients with metastatic disease.
The John Charnley Award: Risk Factors for Cup Malpositioning: Quality Improvement Through a Joint Registry at a Tertiary Hospital (2010)

Level II, prognostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Gene products that promote mRNA turnover in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1992)

We showed previously that the increased rate of mRNA turnover associated with premature translational termination in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires a functional UPF1 gene product. In this study, we show that the UPF1 gene codes for a 109-kDa primary translation product whose function is not essential for growth. The protein contains a potential zinc-dependent nucleic acid-binding domain and a nucleoside triphosphate-binding domain. A 300-amino-acid segment of the UPF1 protein is 36% identical to a segment of the yeast SEN1 protein, which is required for endonucleolytic processing of intron-containing pre-tRNAs. The same region is 32% identical to a segment of Mov-10, a mouse protein of unknown function. Dominant-negative upf1 mutations were isolated following in vitro mutagenesis of a plasmid containing the UPF1 gene. They mapped exclusively at conserved positions within the sequence element common to all three proteins, whereas the recessive upf1-2 mutation maps outside this region. The clustering of dominant-negative mutations suggests the presence of a functional domain in UPF1 that may be shared by all three proteins. We also identified upf mutations in three other genes designated UPF2, UPF3, and UPF4. When alleles of each gene were screened for effects on mRNA accumulation, we found that the recessive mutation upf3-1 causes increased accumulation of mRNA containing a premature stop codon. When mRNA half-lives were measured, we found that excess mRNA accumulation was due to mRNA stabilization. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the products of at least two genes, UPF1 and UPF3, are responsible for the accelerated rate of mRNA decay associated with premature translational termination.
Flash-Fire Propensity and Heat-Release Rate Studies of Improved Fire Resistant Materials (1979)

Twenty-six improved fire resistant materials were tested for flash-fire propensity and heat release rate properties. The tests were conducted to obtain a descriptive index based on the production of ignitable gases during the thermal degradation process and on the response of the materials under a specific heat load.
Cytotoxic Properties of Selected Sesquiterpene Alcohols on Human Cervix Carcinoma Cell Lines (2011)

Abstract The sesquiterpene alcohols cis-nerolidol, α-bisabolol, cedrol, patchoulol, and santalol were screened for cytotoxicity and cytoproliferative activity on HeLa cell using Cytotoxicity Detection Kit (LDH) and the Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1, respectively. Actinomycin D and curcumin as well as the plant acids geranic and salicylic acid were used as reference samples, all known for their cytotoxic properties. Among the sesquiterpene alcohols studied, cis-nerolidol possessed the strongest cytotoxic properties (16.5 μM ± 6.7). Low cytotoxicity and influence on HeLa cell viability was demonstrated for geranic and especially salicylic acid.
Perioperative Normothermia to Reduce the Incidence of Surgical-Wound Infection and Shorten Hospitalization (1996)

for the Study of Wound Infection and Temperature Group; Thermoregulation Research Laboratory and the Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco; and the Departments of Anesthesiology and General Intensive Care, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1209-1215
Reaction Pathways in Pentachlorophenol Synthesis. 1. Temperature-Programmed Reaction (2004)

Pentachlorophenol, a wood preservative for nonresidential applications, contains parts per million levels of dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans with six or more chlorine atoms. There is interest in reducing the levels of these microcontaminants in pentachlorophenol. We conducted pentachlorophenol synthesis reactions in the laboratory to demonstrate the ability to mimic the commercially practiced temperature-programmed synthesis and to identify an operating region where mass-transfer limitations were effectively eliminated. The laboratory system was operated in a temperature-programmed fashion and produced pentachlorophenol with a yield and microcontaminant content similar to those of the commercially produced material. The experiments also revealed a stirring rate, number of gas spargers, and chlorine flow rate that enabled the laboratory-scale reaction to proceed in the kinetics-controlled regime. Results indicated that microcontaminant formation was low until near the end of the run where the microcontaminant levels increased greatly with modest increases in temperature and pentachlorophenol yield. Additionally, the presence or absence of mass-transfer limitations had little influence on the effect of temperature on the pentachlorophenol yield and micrcontaminant level.
A robust quality metric for color image quality assessment (2004)

In this paper, we propose a visual color image quality metric with full reference image for the evaluation of coding schemes. This metric is based on human visual system properties in order to get the best correspondence with human judgements. Contrary to some others objective criteria, it doesn't use any information on the type of degradations introduced by coding schemes. We use two main stages: the first one in order to compute visual representation of images (based on results from psychophysics experiments conducted in our laboratory) and the second in order to pool errors between visual representation of two images. We propose a new approach for this pooling stage based on the density of errors and their structure. We also show the interest of such pooling method. We compare results of the metric with human judgments on a database of 140 images distorted with 3 types of compression schemes (JPEG, JPEG2000 and a ROI-based algorithm). High performances are obtained leading to assure that the metric is robust, so this approach constitutes an alternative useful tool to PSNR for coding image searchers.
Heat waves (1989)

The concept of transmission of heat by waves is reviewed and interpreted. The notion of an effective thermal conductivity, an effective heat capacity, and relaxation functions for heat and energy is introduced along lines used recently to describe the elastic response of viscous liquids. An annotated bibliography of the literature on heat waves, from the beginning until now, gives a complete or nearly complete survey of the history of this subject.
Preparing Semiconducting Nanoribbons with Tunable Length and Width via Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of a Simple Conjugated Homopolymer (2018)

Precise control of width and length of one-dimensional (1D) semiconducting nanostructures has attracted much attention owing to its potential for optoelectronic applications. However, regulating both their length and width using conjugated polymers or even block copolymers is a huge challenge. To solve this problem, we synthesized a unique conjugated polyacetylene homopolymer by living cyclopolymerization, which spontaneously formed 1D nanoribbons via in situ nanoparticlization. Interestingly, their widths could be controlled from 8 to 41 nm, which were directly proportional to their degree of polymerization. Furthermore, a self-seeding technique via crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) was used to control the length of the nanoribbons up to 5.2 μm with narrow distributions less than 1.1. Interestingly, adding a block copolymer unimer to these nanoribbons produced triblock comicelles by the living CDSA mechanism. Finally, these nanoribbons were visualized directly by super-resolution optical fluorescence microscopy. Now, one can modulate both length and width of 1D nanoribbons simultaneously.
Heat as a Sensitizing Agent in Radiation Therapy of Neoplastic Diseases (1937)

Part I—Introduction THE relatively greater sensitivity of certain types of neoplasms, as compared with the neighboring normal tissue, is undoubtedly an all-important factor in the successful treatment of certain malignant diseases. The regression obtained by means of radiation therapy in practically all of the various types of lymphomas is, of course, ascribable to the relatively greater radiosensitivity of these lesions, and, therefore, the dosage can be kept well below that which might result in serious damage to normal tissue. The difficulty arises when a given pathologic process is resistant to radiation therapy with a sensitivity approaching that of neighboring normal tissue. Unfortunately, the latter is all too often true in most of the adult types of carcinoma. Of the different methods suggested to increase the sensitivity of the more radioresistant types of neoplasm, the thought has occurred to the writers that heat might be employed as a simple and practical sensitizing agent. In reviewing the literature, we came upon an article by Charles Miller (1) in which, by the combined use of radiation therapy and diathermy, a claim of the more beneficial utilization of x-radiation, with better resorption of destroyed tissue, is made. In another article by E. Dubowy (2), on the effect of temperature on the biological reaction of x-rays, but little influence on the larvæ of Drosophila melanogaster is admitted. In view of the foregoing, we turned our attention in this direction. Furthermore, there have been some rather extravagant claims made by manufacturers of diathermy and short wave machines. Above all we had a strong desire to determine whether or not heat can be employed to increase the sensitivity and thereby the effects of radiation therapy of neoplastic disease. Direct Heating Method Our first effort was to determine, if possible, the influence of direct heat application during radiation therapy. For this purpose, a heating unit was devised in which reasonably accurate thermometnc measurements could be made. The heating unit consists of a circular ring of bakelite (Fig. 1) about one and one-half inches in diameter and two millimeters thick. The ring, supplied with inlet and outlet tubes at opposite sides, is covered with thin sheets of celluloid, forming a flat, disc-like chamber. Various tests revealed the fact that this disc, when filled with water, showed an absorption equal to about 0.25 mm. of aluminum when from 100 to 130 kilovolts with no filtrat on was employed. Direct reading thermometers were incorporated with the mercury bulbs close to the inlet and outlet ends of the heating unit. By experimentation we found that a patient could tolerate for a minimal period of ten minutes, a temperature of 115 degrees Fahrenheit, measured in the circulating water at the inlet thermometer. At The physical experiments were conducted with a Westinghouse short wave machine.
THE HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTION BETWEEN SULFUR DIOXIDE AND BENZENE (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTION BETWEEN SULFUR DIOXIDE AND BENZENEArthur Levy and Charles J. AmbroseCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 1, 249Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01510a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01510a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Incremental health care utilization and costs for acute otitis media in children (2013)

The diagnosis of AOM confers a significant incremental health-care utilization burden on both patients and the health care system. With its high prevalence across the United States, pediatric AOM accounts for approximately $2.88 billion in added health care expense annually and is a significant health-care utilization concern.
Effect of Naloxone on Experimental Stroke in Awake Monkeys (1984)

Naloxone has recently been reported to be of benefit in the treatment of central nervous system ischemia. To study the effect of naloxone in an experimental stroke model, we subjected 40 awake monkeys to middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion 2 weeks after the placement of a MCA ligature by a transorbital technique. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored with stereotactically placed H2 electrodes, and the neurological course was serially recorded. Infarct size was determined 2 weeks after MCA occlusion. Twenty animals served as control and received no naloxone; 10 of these underwent permanent occlusion, and 10 underwent 4-hour MCA occlusion. In 25 treatment animals, naloxone was administered in three different intravenous dosages: (a) naloxone, 2-mg/kg bolus 20 minutes postocclusion and 2 mg/kg/hour X 4 hours, in 10 animals with permanent MCA occlusion; (b) naloxone, 10-mg/kg bolus 20 minutes postocclusion and 10 mg/kg/hour X 4 hours, in 10 animals with 4-hour MCA occlusion; and (c) naloxone, 20-mg/kg bolus, in 5 animals with various neurological deficits. MCA occlusion typically produced a moderate deficit: hemiparesis, hemianopsia, and facial paresis. In most instances, naloxone in the 2- and 10-mg/kg dose regimens produced little or no change in the neurological function. CBF decreased after MCA occlusion and was unaffected by naloxone in most cases. Infarct size was not significantly different between the control and treated groups. However, the 20-mg/kg dose consistently produced a nonfunctional, transient increase in total body motor tone in normal and hemiparetic animals. Naloxone did not significantly improve useful neurological function, CBF, or infarct size in an experimental primate stroke model.
Microstrip Chirped Delay Lines based on Photonic Band-Gap Structures (2002)

In this paper, we report on the design and compaction through a coiling technique of microstrip Chirped Delay Lines (CDLs) based on optical-fiber Photonic Band-Gap (PBG) structures with chirped resonant Bragg coupling in reflection by means of a chirped sinusoidal-like modulation of the microstrip impedance. The coiled CDLs have almost the same frequency response as the straight devices but a small ripple appears in the ideally flat magnitude and linear group-delay of the S11-parameter due to mutual coupling between near strip segments. Designs with different coiling radii show that a trade-off has to be met between low-rippled response and miniaturization. Practical circuits for the chirped delaying of wide-band pulses can be performed using these compact microstrip CDLs, and some interesting potential applications like real-time spectral analysis or time-domain frequency-filtering in the joint of two CDLs are envisaged.